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ÿ£ϲȥ

֮񴩳˽
ϴ·
飺
֮죬а˽
˽òԭǴ˼аŮװŮ
Ҹͬʱϣʢŭҷªɡ
˽ɵĵܵ˼카һһ𶾺ɡ
촩ʱ䣬ڻϼ޸֮ʱ
ҹ׽ɱĸ죬ֶԷƺųʵЩʲ̫
ܿ죬֪ˣԭƫֲִ֮ӣõ籾
ֲ֮⣬֮ӻҲݴŹֱǡｫ˽Ϊ籨ɡ
ִԽ֪顢ܾڻҡɫ·졣
ʼ֮Ӷ˽뷨ġֲҪࡢź򣬻˼Ǩ
ɣзΪ
죺ܿĶ
桪ֲˣమһɣãԶԽĴ죺ps1ԣˣ˶ps2ѻ鸱ԭɼǱcpps3ɩϵڼ䣬κԽΪ
ps3տأҪɫûгps4ܿյ磬ˬģֽ߶ps5оΪ鷢չ
òд϶࣬ϸڿ̻϶ps6촩ϵģƪΪһ磬ûǰӰĶ
ݱǩ ǿǿ Խʱ  ŵ
ؼ֣ǣ  ǣϵͳ  ԡ顢ˮ䰡ԡ
һ仰飺 ôã˭
⣺Ŭ׷Ĺ


1 
ٽƻ衣
ڣһ׮ϲ¡
˵⣬Ϊ׵Ķûɣǰ˸̧ĻΣҲֻĸ̧
︺ĵȴࡣ
ڻεǰһ·ƺܴͭעⲻһ㡣
ڽ׶һ̵ʱǰ·һ⣬ΪСͯһˮ̣鲻òʱͣ
̴·мɢĿˡ
Χ·εһģӡ
һ£ͷðɫ˸βѡ
һһϮ£ͷͨ͸һֳȲ׵Ĺ
ӿͣǰһԶĻΣЩʵСƺƴȴǰ̧Σһûɣôһ£
С̧۵Ϊ׮Щ⡣
ЩȤôⷨ
Сԣ˳ӵ߿ȥ䵽δǽǸˡ
ͫɪһ£Щȵ˵ô˵
ӵȣԵʮƽ
봹ҡŲ豭ɫ糣ĿˮԼĶ·ȻС̸⡣
ֱһ׳ӹСĻһ䣺ȻΪúÿ
̧̧ĵĿڣжÿ
׳û̻ش⻰ƺĳֻ䣬ƺݴʡ
˺ü룬׳˵ô˵ɣۻʮ꣬ûôµӣֱŮӻҪƯ
ɲԱߵİӣҲ˵˽ÿаŮװݱʶ֮ҸҲỹϲѣ
ôһһӸˣȻϲʲô
ûлشɫʱЩӣЩϧǼ
˵ϲҷ˶˽ǼǺ޵úܣ˵һҪĺ꾫
ŵݣЩʧЦк꾫
ӵҷ˽ɲǸк꾫ϾԼɷͶӿɶͬһˣǸӡҲѹҷҪɡ
ʱչִ͵ĸ죬þһ
ϲΡԼϵļ£øѸжϳĴ
߬ĺͷӦԭΪȡġ
˽ԭڣһ˼ҵŮҸͬʱϣҷ˼Ǻޡ
ҷΪͳͷ˽аŮװҸӣͽ˽˳ªһЩȳɣ˽֮Ϊ˵
£ʵģʱ㣬˽ϻμ޸֮ʱ
磬ڸǶȼ磬ʱչǱ߲ǿƸ칥ԡ
ΪڹԵɶһ򽲾Իǿ˹ѡ֮ӵ
ڹԷʽȫƾˡ
ϾҲν
͵Ƕȼˡ
˼֮󣬸ѺͷһߡΪԼøб塢ŷֱ֣ߡ
ʱҲവһ磬ǡýӵĻŵĸ죬㱩¶˵ߵС
ӺӣҲʮĿ˽λΪ꾫˽
¡īʤѩ
ȻֻһȴʮӵӲʺŮӵ֮䣬˵Ǻ覴á
ü
Ǽ˵Ҳòϣ˽ȷʵǺÿ˼¡
ֻǰҲնȻǼľɫбƯĴڡ
Ҳˡ
ǻᱻɫջˣһ˵Ҳûǰ㿴غ⡣
׼ջߵʱ򣬲ߵĸ죬ͷҲ̿˹
΢΢̧֮䣬һбƮƮĳͶȥУ͸һĮ
һɲǼ䣬ȻһۣƺΪiעꡣһѾõͼͻȻ˹
üɢһֵĮɢ״̬ڳ֮⣬Զ߸ϡ
עӡϲġ
۵ȴǲδӳκˡ
ֻɨһۣƿĿ⣬ͣ֡
Ȼ˲䣬ӵȴ͵Ŀ˰ġԷⲻĵ񣬾һһ㣬ļһ¡
ӻûü׽ĵһɲǼļ£Ļ
ʱǰĵ·Ҳϣ׶ǰ
ӲźۼջߣüĿͬʱҲڸĵһ
ӣЩ㶵ģ˺ü룬عŰĿתۣ֪Ϊʲô˵Ǻ꾫ˡ
⻨ӣżգĮ͸ʡںϵһ˵ͬʱ˲һ۵ºۼ
ȫû뵽ССڣȻôһλɫˡ
ۣûӵΪ˿ģڼС
۰ͷתԵİӣ૵˽ôƯ𣿡
⻰ʰӣҲԼ
֮ǰǼ˽ġ
ۺȷ֮ǰ˽ûзǰÿÿ࿴һۣ٣ǿ챻˻һ
ǰ˽ȻƯǲַӦ
˽ص̫ãĴҲкܶࡣ
ֻһݵµŮȴΪúÿıߣƽֺģǵڿʲôණһ
˽Ȼ̸϶ϲ
ۻ֪Χһˣ˽һ׮ֻ
Ͼ˽һˣȴҪ޸һˣ֮ˣɡֲ
뵽⣬ۿԽԽԶĻΣҲԽԽӡ
һУվڽֵԿֵŮŮҲԽ޼ɵ
ɵСʱ򱻻ˣ˵µģֲúܣ
ֻ󣬻Щȳ
ܵܶӢϧ˸ô󣡡
֮˼޸ˣ˵ǲӦһ仰ʻţӴ
ʲôʻ˽ӵʻǸ˵ĺ꾫
ԣӣ
аŮװŮ˭֪ʲôģ
ҷúã
һ˵ɽͻȻԣڶڴϣ⻹һϷ
˵ЩˣĶܴ֮価ǳЦ˽ڮùֺÿԸȴôϲӣǸе̹ԼһȰ㡣
Щ˵ĻΪ۵ĵˣڻϵĸ죬ȴδʲô仯
˽ȣزһϦܸ֮ıġ
ϾЩɼѾٹ̡
ʵ྿ģЩ˲ȥ⡣
οжȻкܴһ֣λ˵ֱʡ
Щ˵ЩԵɽͻȻ£΢øһЩ
˽޸ɵԭûдͻȻһ硣
ͻȻԣڴϡ
һɼңҪԽȥ
ʵȻ縶Ԥϵǰ㡣
ֲձģҲ㸻ԣסķӹ㣬һ¥רձģ¥סˡڳ¥ʽ
׶ɵļſڣһ¥ĴȻǳģȴһˡ
Ϻ˻Ρ
ͬʱձ̵б棬վĸߴӡ
һ£һ£Ƿ̵ӡ
쳤ӣƾԽߣԽֵˣձȥȻûпɡƸ̾Ƽĳ΢
ӲδڿһۺıӰ֮󣬲ջߣ˵ˣôĵ¡
ӵ˵ڿ˽ĳ֮󣬻׮²棿
̧̧ƤΣΣǲûκιϵ⣬ȴ͸һڸλĮ
ӿӣ𲻾ǰ˽ľһƳ룬˵ضߣ
꣬ûб̫ϣϾ˺ٻıԭļƻ
ȻһΣ΢еЩǣȻӶԷ˿϶Ļش𡪡
á


2 
ǰŸսţĽ׶ֱ뿪ˡ
׮֮֮˵Ļ£صĴ󲿷˿һ̸־硣
Щͬ飬ϧź˽кá
ڽΪµˣεģû˭⡣
б䡣
ƻϼӵϷţͷȡ֮ɨһۿһ˵һ¥ű㾶ֱͬ¥Ľݡ
ֲļҲ󣬶¥һ䷿
߹һ͵ڶ䣬ͣ˵䷿ſڡ
ͬǰ䷿䷿Ĵֽŵ߻ֱֹƳɵС
װԵϲȴڡ
óֲӭȢ˽£Ǻĵġ
ԭľ˽ص̫ãֲθкǿȢ˽֮󣬾Ͱ˽ӡ
ƽ˽εѣֲҲΪɷΣ˽Դչмӡ
˹һЩȳԵʣʵдЩųֲ˽ʱƢͺܺõὫ̬ŵͣ󲿷¶ѡá
Ȼֲ̺Ͳƽϣ˽ı䱾
һ˽ϼƶ³
Ըһԭֲ˽ĺþǳһΣǳһϲڸ˵Ӱ춼
̫磬̫ˡ
ٵһõӦԡ
£˽һ־ѻ֮ľ籾
ȻǶȼ磬컹ǽȡֵϡ
֮һ
ֲɡ졭
˵Ժһ֮󣬸ƿǰš
ڣΪ֮֮һֲڴϻ˯
ϴһߣס۾ͱֻ¶°
ƺΪʣĶͷϳһϸܵıҲ΢΢⶯ţ
ֲ˵Եʣǳĳ£Էߣ쿴ݣ¶°ȴǷ
û̽ȤҲûҪֲ˼ֻɨһ۴ϵˣջĿ⣬ȻߵǰԼһ衣
ʱš
ҹıɴ縲ǡ
´Ʋ︡Ļ֮ʱ˯еֲҲ˹
ֲԺӿ֣ӣһ۾ͿԶԼĺ
ȻֻһӰһļ䣬ֲܿʶһʲô
ϱͨ飬ϼƶ֡ġӡ˽
ֲһĨɱ⡣
оߣеĲ豭ϣűվ
ڸתǰһ룬ͼֲ˲۾һδѵģ
ߵ齱ߣװ˯ֲ
ڸսʱһɨ˿̣ſʼֲ
ΪձֲƤǱɹ÷ǳСɫ
ֻһڷŵʣȾðʪһϣɼǽʵļپľ׳
۾Ŀһֲߣһװߡ׿Ҳ̸Էĺܺá
װ˯ֲԭ뿴˽ʲôȴû뵽Էһֱ
ûۣȴܸܵԷϣĿ޼ɵߡ
߲ûд˼ǵĴȴʮֱֵףҺΡ
ֲһҲɣٲԷ
գֲۡ
ӳģһźÿµ
һļֲԺƣٴο˽εļ佻֯һֲһ˲ĻȻ
쿴Щ㶵ֲȿ˿ڣˣ
⣬ȴöĵȴ͸һֻȻɵջ
Ǻ˽ֲҲòϣȷʵǼ
һ˽
ֲ̧վڴ齱ߵӡ
һΪͻȻԣ˽ĳ˺ܴı仯ȥӭȢ˽ǶԷԽļš
УźɫµՕi޵β·׺һŹ˵ĺ롣
Ůʽļ£ȴ˿ŮһĺĵļѩīͬһŨīزʵĻץס˵
վڴ齱ߵӣϤģȴƺлҪÿʣҲƺеĲ̫һ
Ȼϱڲ֮״̬ƯãʱǰļѾЩģǶ˽ĺ⣬ȴӡԺ
ˡ
ֲĬ֣뵽ϱӵĲ۵һĨӿڴҲݺ߬ȭָݽճһۡ
һ룬ֲ͵ȥһ˲в
Ȼֲ֮סɫȴûӹ۾
ֲƺӾ֪ԸЩ̫һ
Էһ˲Ļްɱ⣬ɲһʵ˻еġ
⵽ЩȤˡ
ü΢΢˻ڴϵֲ˵Ҫҷ𣿡
˵䣬ķ˿˳ƴ˼ƣɢķβᵽֲ򥡣
ֲ͵һ٣Ҳ˲
һɲǼ䣬ֲûסס˽Ĳӡһ룬϶Է΢΢һ͵ֲźܿյ侲
˿̣˽˽ľúֻ֮ܽһֱ۵ľ롣
λԼϷԼӣֲʮĿ˶Էڵ
ͫŵ
Ȼȴƺ̲޾ΣյС
ȻҲֲڷĿԵһ˲䣬оһַ·ȥĴ
ⲻ˽
ֲϵ
е˽ġ
ӣòǴţֻĻ޲ڸӵȷʵ˽
ѵ˽Ҳˣ
ԣ
ֲ˼ʼתš
Ѿ˼˸ֿԣʵϣʱȴֻ˼롣
ˣҲûǸģֲɢ˼ά
ֱӸյֲĶԣֲΪĿֱ壬ֲĶ˵סˣѲɶҲסˣ˵
˵⻰ʱ촽ƵֲĶ⣬ȵϢֲĶЩ
Щڵƫһͷǡص֪Ϊ˯̫ãΪһڣƽͳɫҲЩ΢ɳơ
ֱӸµĿ˹˵һΪǶ䲻ʹ
ĵ٩֮Σֲ񣬾ڿһЩ޹ʹĴڡȻûһǿ񣬵ƺȫûа۵׵̬ȣ𵥴񣬸ֲеŭ
ֲһһȭͷ޻ϵĸо
ŨĽëס˼ڸٴοǰֲӴ̫Ѩǰ˽ʱ״̬͵Ϊ˯̫ã״̬Щûָ
Ѹٵֲ첻̲ʵ֪˭𣿡
ֲԣһŸ¶һЦݣ˽ǵĳ֮ա
˵ͷǻӦ
תľһϵľƺͿձֲ˵
ֲû˵ĬĬ˴齣׼ոԡ
ͬʱһߡ
ԵһҿջڣںȾƶ
Ҷɣ·̣ٹվܵ˰ɡһ˵
ţҺܼܿ硣ػʮԽģӢֱͦüĿ
Ϊ뵽Լ״磬ӱ˫΢΢𣬹һĨȣɢȥһΪӲ沿ľС


3 
ֲķ
ľ֮ŸԶľ롣
˵Щȳֲ˵߹ȥѵʱͻԶһЩ
ֲ꾭һλ֣յ沿֮ʱֱķѹȡ
ǸʱֲѹʵǺأʱҽȫк֢ǻֲûǮˣöֲ֮ȵĽܵˣȳë
Ȼȳĳ̶Ȳأߵͨȣ׻ûǰѸ١
ԴӾһλ֣ЩֲѾϰ˵ߣϰڿߵ֮ʱֻͬЦ
Ȼ˿̣˽ʱֲȴֶԷֻǵĿһۣƿĿ⡣
ûϧûбĺͷ̡
Էֵúƽƽ˵ЩĮˡɨһҲκεͷ·˵Уûκ
ֲţһӣڷȲĲȱ֮˽
ԡ
һӣ˽˼̱ĻŪªȳ˵һǴ
ļֲԺﲻֲͣҲһ˼鷢չڣһһ𣬾һͻȻԡ
Ϊԣ޷ȥӭס
˽ֳĲͬЩµƫ仯һЩ
ҪŪһЩ顣
̶Զ·ֲ˼˺ܶࡣ
ߵǰ֮۵׵ɬӿѾȥȡ֮ģǺȻдЩн
򥣬ʾֲƵϡ
ֲͷ͵͵һ󣬽źľƻ˱յС
һ
ֲ״ףһҪ𣿡
ֲϻһѸˣһ䣺Ȼ
ֲԣû˵ĬĬһϻơ
һ˽ûкơ
Ϊ˽񣬲ԸЩ̡ΪԼ˽ҲûĶϲ
Ȣ˽˽һΡ
Ǹʱ뷨Ҳܼ򵥣˽ӣܺáȻ˽ĿݺչˣȴǱԷĽ֡
£ƣζ˽֮䣬һ
Ҫ𡭡
ֲԼ
ֲֻźƿ̲һ䣺ԥ𣿡
ֲ̧źµĿⴥԷĿֲ֮Цһ£صûС
䣬ֲ֣űյִֻ
ƣ˱ϣһ»޵⣬֮гԵζ
ҲΪˣƵĶһƵĶߣҲˡ
õ˽壬Ǻܺá
һ¶֮һ˿㽥ӿ
ΪոȥԳ̶Ȼ
ƵζĴݼ䣬ʶһ±ʪĴǡ
ע⵽Сֲ΢΢һ٣Ŀ䵽˫ϣܿƿߡ
ʱ±յĸ죬ߵױͭǰϣžԼͷϵķΣֲ˵ҰЩͷȫȡˡ
ȻͷϵƷ࣬ҲӻڣҪȫȡҲֻҪٵʱ䣬ֲôһʹµڣȻԼ
˵Ҫֲ󲿷ʱ򣬸컹Ǵֻƾ¡
[֪ˡ]
ӸΪ˽֮󣬾һֱδϵͳĵһۡ
ʵΪʵȴûʲôáûʲôڸеϵͳΪϵͳӸʱչְʼϵͳ͸Խһһ硣
ȻûʲôãΪʱһƵĹߣϵͳǿϸġ
[ôãӦЩһЩСϸ]
[ɰæȡͷΣл]ϵͳڸʶš
죬׼ϵͳ˵ϻֱӽϵͳˣעתص˵µĴ
ֲ˵һ仰֮Ѿһߵ
ֲĸӸߣȻ·ʱЩȳȴ׳ͦΡ˿̣վڸӰŵĸ˶ԼӰС
ڻɫ֮£ΪͷĶǰ鷢䣬βӰΪһڡ
֣ȡҲһǳɫķ
ŷϸǰˣһɲǼֲţֱӴ̽˽ĲֻҪһЩͼɣӦþܽ˽һ
һĵ׵ĺҲȫ
ɱֲӿ֡
˼ţҪҪڶֵʱ򡣸оһ˿ĸ죬װ޲ģһΪЩͷĿǴߴٵŸ
⻰˲ֲ˼
ֲüĿ߬һеķ漴չһκҲƽʼΪȡͷΡ
ЩͷβӣȻɫͻԵ÷ǳۣȴһַ֮
ܿ죬ֲ㽫ЩƷȫȡ
ֲһηŵױ̨֮󣬸ֿڵͷ˵ò죬͸һȻ
ֲһáĩˣ㰴ոԣһԵľᣬ׼渶ͷ
ͭǰĸ죬˿䣬ںڵ㷢ɢֻмǰ
򵥶ɢȴĵøˣ͸һȻȥε֮
ֲΪһͷī
췢˿ƮɢƵֲıǼ⡣һֺܺŵζʮֵŵϢݱӣҲֵŨһоǸոպá
ϵϲȼš
ζůɫĹڿУĺȾһ|ĹӰ
ϲ򡢷㡢Լ˰ĺƣЩںһʹҹ·ڣƳһ컵ķΧ
ֲߴӸķ˿Ƶͭǰ
ͭԼʹżµ˽ڽǶȵԵʣͭǣúܽһַ·Ӵŵĸо
Ҳ֪Ϊһҵʵ̫ãΪǼϢ̫ţֲоԼƺһ˿⡣
ȻΪʲôôһɲǼ䣬ȻþһԸճ׵Ķޡ
ס
ôֿЦ뷨
ǰĽѵ
˽ɱĳˡ
ֲԼһûסͷʶˡ
պᵽ˸쾱λãصʹľųһ¹ε˸ĺ󾱡
ֲһµСƤֱѰ˸ۡͻȻһŪһʹд˻һ
ͷȫ£һߣ¶󾱣ֲ鿴ǲǺˣʵ
ֲû˵Ŀ䵽ĺ󾱴
ڸ΢΢ͷֽͷȫõһߵԵʣĺȫ|¶ֲС
ѩ׵ľ쾱
Ȿġ
ȴΪһźۣ覡
ϸ⻬Ƥϣȴƽһ|ŰС
ҪȥƻȥŪĺۼ
ֲ˫ճһӲֱߣڵͫһ絶׹⡣
˿̵һƥ˵ĹǣһӳʪŢĶߣԹƻ
һɲǼ䣬ĺ󾱣ֲôһҧȥƤʳѪ⣬ԴⲢ̫ġЩ̬
[С죬Ҹо㡣]
Թϵͳðһݡ
ûϵͳ
Ҳûлͷֻǿֲͭüǹģ
ֲ΢һ£򴽣ɫѹԸ˵һǸ
ܳϿңҴһǸ⡣
˵⻰ľᣬָ˸󾱴ĺۡ
ıҪΪһ࣬ûһ¡
ȻڳɻԵʣֲֲ⻬ָһ㱡ļ롣ȻرĴֲڣ븶󾱴ǹϸȣԵЩˡ
һ࣬ǵûø滺֮УΪָĦøĺ󾱴Եøˡ
Լһɵĺۼֲ񽥽ˡ
Ҳûɬѱ档


4 
죬󾱴ǱֲűָĦĵطʱһЩʹС
ͷ̧ۿվֲ
۾״ܺÿǷǳƯһۡЦʱŨ۽޴£۵׵ĵĮȻϵһ𣬻˾Щ䵭
ȻһЦֻ΢΢βʱ򣬱һֻȻɵĹƻӶ
˿̣ǰµĺϻڸã⸡˸գβһĨǳɢı졣
ȻȾ糺죬ϵȵ֬ͿĨɫӺÿһƬˮīһ
ⱾǼй
ۿΪʹˮȴֽǷŨ޸ѹЩ
Ө͸ĵ׺βһĨһǳ峿Ǻ¶ˮĻ꣬ΣҪ|Ū|ǡ
ֲüͷ΢һֽ𱸵˵㵽ڸʲô
ʲô
ʲô
⣬ֲԼҲõ𰸡
Ŀ˽۾ϡ
βĺ죬ǹǵȣβᣬȴһˮʡ
ϵһڶԷʱ򣬾Ȼһ˿
ôһɲǼ䣬һƺƻ󵽡޵ĸоΪֻΪ۵ӳһɫ
뵽⣬ֲѹüۣƿĿ⡣
ֲĳĬҲûڴ϶ԡ
վֲ˵ȥˮҪԡ˵仰֮󣬸뿪ױ̨
ֲ̧ͷһ۸ıӰջߺְڵķ봹࣬ζ䣬µͫĪ⡣
ֻƤ֣΢΢˶ʶĦһԼָ棬·𻹲ŶԷ¶ȡ
ڶ˽ķϣʵһЩ
ֲ˼ţȻڶԷڴߴ֮ǰһ߳䣬¥ݿȥ
ֲձģרŵĳ
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ƽֲԡͰˮϴٶȺܿ죬ɴ䣬ûԡͰݵϰߡ
ΣҪԡĲ
Ͱˮǲġ
ֲأһͰˮȥ
ͰҺ¶ȵˮȫԡͰֲ֮ŶԵĸ˵ˡ
ʱӿľø˶ɢһЩ΢΢ƫͷ̫ѨֲҲֻ̧̧Ƥվ
һ߹һ˵ŪС齡ڼӲľϣûô̹
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Ȼ˽һе˽кܴĲͬǽֲԸһ㣬ûʲô
ȷе˵еӣе˽ҪϺңƺ˵ȫƾ
һȥŪֲصʵϣһʵʵӡ˵ǻԣ󵽵ŪŪǾһˡ
ˮѾźˣ¶ȸոպáֲֽ˵֮Իô˵Ϊֲж˼뿴˽̬ȡ
ֲǵúһ˽ڼеԡͰԡһμԡͰ󣬾ԡͰ̫С̫ɣһҲûԡϴ
˵һԡͰ˽ҲɲԸ⡣˳֮˽ÿԡȥĶֵϴԡ
뿴˽ԡͰķӦ᲻һļһ
Ȼֲ΢еЩǣ˽ԡͰ֮ȴû¶ı飬ķӦƽ
ֲ΢΢һ£Ժĳ뷨һ
ֲվԭû֪˼ʲôü֮ߵֲǰսֲЦЦʵôվѲһϴ
˵ֵʱ򣬸ŵϳĻȴ΢΢βƽһֱջ
ֲ߽ܿ˵ǡ֮Ҳȸ˵ֽ˵һ䣺ҳȥˡ
˵ǳȥʵҲƹ磬ȥһߣϻǴһ䡣
䷿Ŀռܴ󣬲Ȼֲ֮ǰҲὫԡͰѡڷԡ
ԡͰˮ±ֲˣȶȸոպá
ԡͰЩɣȴʮָɾһˮ£ϵԡͰ
ԵֲȻǱģȴܷǳ˽ĸO@ˮһ
Դ֮оͼǿˡӾЩ쳣񣬾Ҳ֮ǰ˺ü
ֲǲΪ˼Ʈ˼ʮԭ򡣲һԿ϶ԽǼʮѧһЩܣϡ
ȣҪκá
뵽⣬ֲ֣̯ԼĿ˿ĴԵ߶м䲿ֶѡ
ֲʳָһߣ漴ƵԵߡһߣֲ촽һĨԳЦ
Ƭ̺֣ջĿͬʱȥеһĨݾ衣
ԡٶȲҲϴ֮ϴûǽմһûдǴİɫ¡
ȻЩᱡϻ⻬µҲ㲻
λ޸ֲĿľΪȻܸʲôԸеĲƲҲһºͼ۵ķΡ
ԭ˽ȻеŭͲʣԴ˵ǲô⡣Ȳ˵еǷԼϵȵĳУ͵ֲֻ֪Ŀǰ׶Σⷽ飬ֲŪ
µǿԴǺЬһϮ£Щײˡ
ֹҲгɫʴ䣬ȻǳԼϡ
ЩϲһԼ϶ĳϣͻעء󣬴µĸ죬ǳ|˫߳ġ
ԡʱ򣬸첢δͷԴ˿߳ʱķ˿仹ڵˮ
춯ֲͷ˹
Ŀⴥ֮΢΢һ
ʪķ˿ɢӵ󣬴׵ŽļĵñȰҪϸ塣
Ө͸ˮ䣬Ӳ£˾Сɵǣûסŵ·֮С
ЩᱡΪһ翵Уֻ״ĳȣĽ׺Ͱ㱩|¶ֲС
ΪɫŵĴףʱ绪˿̵˽ϸһ˸еЩ䡣
Ǽɢģ͸һ
ìܵںһ˵ϣһɲǼ䣬ֲȻһġ
һ룬ȻջߣգӢͦüۡ
״ζЦһ
ߵ齱£ʾֲͷ
ֲʲôҲû˵ĬĬһµߵ渶
ǳ
ҹ紵˫¶棬ǻЩ⣬Ǵˣһ˻׸ð
첢⡣
ڸͷֲע⵽컹̻¶˫ţҲûҪڵ˼
ôĬԵΪ÷˿ʵʵԹǲϸ˼ֲǸֲԸûʲô
ֲĬ£Ҳû˵
ʱžķΧﻺš
ɫԽڳ˸ķҲûƲ
ֱ߹ҵ±ȥһ룬ʱֲſڣˡ˵ȻջѾˮʪ
˵ͷҲڴ齱ߣΪڴϡ
ֲ״ΪҪϢ׼ȥʰԡͰĽŲδŲͱסˣȵȡ
ֲ
ֲĿ⣬첢ûлش𣬶Ĵ齵ıԵ
ֲʣ
ֲ߸ոãͽ˫ȷֲĴϡ
ֲ͵һһʱΪͻȻ֫ӴΪû뵽ͻȻΪ룬ܿ췴Ӧ֮󣬿Ÿǡ
Ҳ̫ˣȡ


5 
Ҳ̫ˣȡ
˵仰֮󣬸ͽ忿˴ͷ
ֲһɢɢµӣ뵽һȻûסӳȥ
һºסֳ嶯һֽ֮ĸǵ˶ԷǷϵ˫š
±ͱѰ˸ͣ˫¶洵磬¶Ⱦ͸ˡ
ֱֲѰ˸ȡ
һһȽӴһ֮ĴʮԺ̡
һɲǼ䣬ֲʶͿ˸졣
Ҳ̧̧Ƥֲ
ֲ֮ƿĿ⡣ǲ˼һ㣬ⳡݵĶӡ
ֲֺܴһ㱡ļ룬ָ޳ǽڷɫҲǷǳСɫĽžȱƤһİףϸֹ⻬µƷ
ֲ˫ְŸ˫ţ˵ķɫγһַǳķУҰǽ˸Ӿƽ˼΢|
Ҳ˵ôֲĵĴĿ⣬Ҫ͸ֲϵ߿ʵ
оԷԼϵߣֲһ˲
ϱӣϵ˶Сſ޿ʼҲûǰȡ¹ߡԼϵ˺жª
Ϊһ̫˵ĳЦηҲԼ˵Ŀ⣬ΪǶ˵ףû˭ÿյ£ӵԼªݡ
˵ǶȻǼٵġ
Ǽ˵ģͻȻʳһ䡣
һϤʻֲĬһ˲صʮꡣ
һ˽Ҳʹ⣬һֲȻش֮󣬶ԷȡϵߣҪ̹Ϊɡ
ȡ
һ䣬λ˵ȡ⻰
ֲڡ
ֲ˺ü룬ȴûȵģ΢̧˵ˡһٴκ͸Ŀӵһ
΢ǣζ˵㿴ڵ˵ʲô
ûСֲȻܳϡ
𡭡첻ÿɷԶСܵͦġ
첻о˫Ѿůֲ˵ˡ
ĩˣֲջ֮Ҳ˫ȷŽ˱С
ֲվȥʰˡ
һֲߵ紦ʱͻȻ뵽ʲôⲹһ䣺ҲҪԡ
ֲĽŲһ£漴Żصá
ֲ˿϶Ļش֮󣬸Ҳԣ´ʼСЩ΢۾úܶࡣ
[С죬ֲ̫ˡ]
[š]
[ȷʵǹԶ]
[š]
[˵ԸĲϣǲ֡]
[ܳ]ϵͳû˵꣬ͱˡ
£Ϊ˱ⱻΡʲôϷϵͳʶȤı죬ԹԵ˼

ֲԡͰȵˮûƤ˫ִͩԵͷ΢΢¶˸ӲʵĲ
ˮĺŵ֮䣬Ǽ䵽
ΪҰƮ˼ʮ꣬һӵʵ֮󣬸ȵˮʱֲ˼ַ֮С
ƵĻɫסµֲ۾ļ䡣
Ȼ֪ǹ˽ļ̫ǽգһ˽ĳ̡̫ţֲԺ㲻Ծĸֳ˽ݡ
Īǣһֳ˽ݣеһоͿʼ΢˼ҲԾķɢ
뵽ͭǰִ˽ĺʱԷǱָıŪ÷ļ
뵽˶Է΢βż־б
뵽˶Է߳ʱܽسˮķ
뵽ȶԷ˫ʱĹ⻬С
˺ܶܶࡣ
뵽棬˽ȫ˽ǡ
뵽棬ھȻӿһ⡣
ǰ˽ûϲ֮飬ûһ˿Ķ
Ȼǰڿ˽߳һɲǼ䣬ȷʵһ˿¶ĸоΪͻȻײ۵׵һݾĶǵɫ
˽һлҪѾģŮԱޡ
ˮлƮɢ
ֲҨһ̲ˮˮָк¡ԼѣȻ֪ΪԡͰƺ˽ԡζΪʲô
ǵûƽڵԽԡ
ҲЩ
뵽˽ǰԡͰԡ뵽˿ŵԡͰԵҲܵ˽ļ
ֲԼƺԽԽԾ
òˡ
ȻΪһʼܱǣڣȴԳ˷Ӧ


6 
ֲԡٶȺܿ죬ҹֱԡͰˮ͸ˣֲŴˮ
ϵˮɾ֮󣬻һɾĺɫ£ֽʣµˮϴգ´ߡ
ЩſʼʰԡͰǽԡͰˮùӷߣٲɵˮա
һʱϵϲѾȼ֮
ߵǰȡ֧ŵľϴȥ΢¹⡣
£ֻʣϲĻ
պܰǴӴϴǳǳֲ˽ѳסΪ޵ʵ
ֲû齣ԭأôվڴǰλⷿӰ֮СȻȥ˺ڰ
ƺ˼ʲôĿһֱֱضƽڴϵĸ졣
վڰֲţȻ˯ţ䲻ȵ˵һ䣺վ
ֲԣŶһߵ˴齱ߡ
λǿճġ
˽˯ࡣ
Ŀճ࣬˼ԡ
ֲ򴽣Ьӣ
Ϊ˽˵ʲôȻԷ֮󣬱±۾ȻǴô˯ˡ
ȷʵЩˣ˵ڸǶȼ硣ձʱչִ͵ռγȵĿԽҲȷʵһ־
ͬڸ죬˯ڴֲϷĶȴûһ˿⡣
ɴƽɶ˯ֻ˰ֱ۵˽
ŶԷȻ˯ģֲ۵һӿֳһĨɱ⡣
ֱ˽
ͷֲ֮̾Ͷˡ
ȻָҪԷƤʱֲȴԥˡ
һɲǣı临뷨ͻȻֲĵٴӿ֣գѡջ֡
Ŀ˽ĲĿŨĽëƵֱͦı״Ư˫ϡ
Ҫղء
Ǿ˺һ߱䷢ҵʬ壬׻Щϧˡ
ֲȥ۵׵ķ籩
Ǿٹһʱɡ
ȵȷһЩ֮
[С죬ոֶɱģ]
[š]
Ѿǵˡ
ֲʼùֲͶɱ⡣
ԭľֲ˽һʼɲûκޡ˵£ֲöԳûõ˽ǰŨҶ̵ĺ⡣
ⲻе߼˵ֲͨԸҲԭԸܴ
Էαװˣɱǿľګʵϵ£ŵ亮
뵽ֲͻȻԵ¡
ʶ˽ֲֺ⣬ǽղֲ˽ĳʶأ
ܿ뵽һֿܣǾǡ
ǵģ
²⿴ףȴʮС
ֲģһĲôǷݼ临ԶԼ˽кɱģҲͽ͵ͨˡ
ʵ²ǰ㣬鵽ǱԽȤˡ
Ÿ籾ɣ
ͦõġ
ϲеѶȵĹԡ
ֲߣ֪ԼѾµ˸߰ˡ
߻ͣڸϣе˼ת
ʱͻȻԭƽƸΪ˲ɣ峯ֲڵķ
һֲ֮ľ˳ˡ
˵ĺҲ֯һ
һͷ˿ٰɢͷϣīһŨڵɫĵļ˪ѩϸס
ɢϢȻļ¸УֲͫһĨΣյ׹⡣۾˼˽ǰĸΥ֮
ֲǵ˽ĺһѪɫࡣ
ⲢԼ
Ŀе֪ġ
һȻ˽˻飬ȴûзκιϵ΢һĽӴδй
֮ԴΪ˽һʱΪҫŹ˵ġ
ҪҸῴӵĺûһࡣ
Ͼ˽˽кܴͬòɶԷݣǷ˽
һҹֲû˯š
ڶգ컹δ
ƽڴϵֲ֮˾ȵǳǳڸоԷ˸ֲ֮ƫͷӵıӰĿҲƵ˶Էĺ
Ϊ˽ϵıѾȫһߣֻҪ΢ƿԷ·°ڣܿ˵ĺûࡣ
һȷϵĻᡣ
ôţֲҲȷʵжˡ
ȻֲָҪԷ°ڵʱ򣬱ӣͻȻʱ򷭹
ţһ
ֲܿ췴Ӧʱ򣬷˽Ѿѹϡ
⧲Ӵֲ͵һ٣ϵԼǽŵʹУôδйֲܵһ˲ͣ͡
ǾһΪ»ε˼ʮ꣬룬ֲһ˼ƽĵ
̧λԼϷӡ
Էڵ͸һȴûָ˯ѵ֮⡣
ֲʵװ˯
ûлشֲ⣬սֲķ˿мƴβɨֲĲһġ΢
ֱֲ˴
ոʲô
ֲصûʲô
ԣЦһ𡭡
һȻֱӾƣֲϣ΢΢ƫͷֲ۾˵ѡ
˯һ޵ԵʣڸϱЩɵ£ҲΪ췽ͻȻĶøӵɢ
׵ĶʹЩҵļ򴦻䣬¶˰ѩϸļͷ
һĻֲĴ߱յøӲˡһɻް򥣬ǻͷЩ˵
ЩҲ֮ǰ͡


7 
ԣЦЦĿֲһۣʲôҲû˵ֲԶˡ
صֱֲ֮Ĵ߲΢չһЩӴЬӣȻŻͷ˵ȥ
챳Ŵͷһ
ֲŸ쿴˼룬ĬƬ̣ºͺ͵˵һţȥðһЩͬһ𡣡
췴һ䣺ΪʲôһҪһȥ֮⣬ֲȫ԰ֱ
ϾųȥܴãҲֻʱһ۵ĺ¡
ֲ򴽣ڸĿע£΢΢ڵüۣڳһЩź;ִٵ״̬ŵ˵ΪҲ֪ġߴ硣
ü
Ȼһɡ
첻ŶԷֻΪԭ
ϵӲֻ̬ôĿԼҲ֪˻ûţֲ۽գһ£ֽ˵һԭ򡭡Ǿǣʵϣܺһ𡣡
仰˵ֲ΢΢䣬ֳ︡һĨĽ֮
һĨϲȷʵͦеģǺ¶ǡôıֳһС˾úͻأ
Ǹϸоɱ⣬Ҳô׾ʹ١
[С죬ҲǸݼɡ]
ϵͳһ̾ͻȻ֣Ȼ˵ֻǶȼ硣ʣѡ֮Ӳ̸͵ֲֻС֮ദҲӦû൱ľʡ
϶кܶϷԿ
ǿԶһ֣
뵽⣬ϵͳ໵Ľ
ȻĽǣʱ˰ʱ
ϵͳ֮󣬸쿴վԭػڵȴشֲʵǵطԶ𣿡
ֲܿصԶţֱֻ͵ˡ
˵ͷȥŰɡ
ֲ㡭
һһ𡣡
شֲ֮ܿĵ˵ȥˡ
֮ת
ҲתɲǼ䣬ڸäǱ߹Ļ˲ʧޱ߳˷䡣


֮ǰֲ˼ʮҰԵʣһʼʱΪ̫ûֲĶЩ衣
һϾʮձԺܿһ˽࣬Ҳ
ûãһټ򵥵űˡ
ڰѰͷֲֽ֮˳õ˿
࣬ͷˡ
һķֺ
ʱεĿе֪˽ϲԵľˡ
ε˽Сһ£˿ϵܺá֪ĳЩΪε˵þʵ
ǸʱżȻ˽ףҪѾ˵˽һ㣬ԼԼˣҲڳ֮ĵڶգ⳴һ˿
ֲļǵã˽ϵ֮󣬵ͽ̲˵ˡ
֪
ԭ˽Եľˣ˵ǵĳ̶ȡ
£һȫص˽ֻôһļǰ㣬¶ı飬Ȼ̲˵
ֲ̽һ¡
մ¥ĸ죬ֲ֪һ˼ߵԣڿϵ˳֮΢΢һ¡
ע⵽һ˲ı΢٣ֲ۾һ¡֮˵õģԣ¶á
쿴һˣ̧̧Ƥֲ
оĿעӣֲҲôˣеʵ
ջߣĻصûʲô
ĩˣľꡣ
һٷһˣʼնûһ˶
ڸ콫ֲ֮һ̽Եʵҳ˲ó𣿡
˲ǣĵķʵأ
ֲĬһ˲
˽Ȳ϶Ҳ񶨵һ䷴ʣģɰ̬ȷЩȷ
Цһ£ȻԼһŮе֪ϲ˵˳
Ҳ֪ѣΪϲԡ
Ҳϲ
ֲЩ䣺ڿˡ
Ӳϲˡ
ǻԷǲǰʶǸ˽
ȻҪȷһ¡
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ֲվȰʰһ¡˵仰ֲ֮жȻ·ʱһЩȳȴЧʣһҲˮ
ûȶãֲͽһʰˡ
ֲվſڵĸ죬˲ϴ֮Щʪ֣˵ˡ
˵ͷ¿һֲ
ֲĶ壬Ҳӡո籾Ըβ̬СαװĻϣֶһͦͻݡ
ϵͳûбΣӦûһ䡪[ܴܿ³]

ϳеΪ󣬵ȡúţȴ󣬴ֻйоء
ֲҸúܽʱ仹Եʣϲûжˡĸ챻ֲǸߴȫ棬ûʲô˵ע⡣
ܿ죬ֲͬ˽
ĵƹԣһλʮˣֲ͸쵽ʱٵš
ֲǽַھӣʶʮ꣬Ȼƽｻ࣬ҲϤƹΪ˺ƣҲΪģ۹⿴ֲˡ
ֲֿһֲԵĸ죬۾΢һת˲˸ݡ
һǳµӣ˽Ҳڶ
Ϊֲ˽£ھ֮Ѿ÷зˣؼ˲֪
£վֲߵģźµӣҲֻ˽
˼·֮ƹֲ꣬Цð𣿡
ֲ˵ͷһЦ˵£Щϡ
ƹЦŵ˵ͷһֲ߽͸ųµļԣһ˵´ĻҪԡ
䣬ƹ򰲾վֲࡢһֱδԵĸ죺ҷɣѡʲôɫĳ£һģһġ
ƹ仰ʱֲҲʶ˸죬ȻڵĻش
ֲߣĿֲɨһ󣬶ƹ˵Ҫɫġ
֣һֵȻҲ˵Żʱ뵽˵Ķҹɫ촵硣
øС
ƹ񲻽࿴˸켸ۣ˽ƺԵ
˴뱲ӣԷǲʢ˵ĻƢǿó
ȻЩԣǲŵġ
ƹ̾һ䣬ű㰴ո˵ֲϵɫΪ׼óһǳɫĳ£ҷɣϲ
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ƹָָбǰλãԳµĵطǸսǺ棬ĻиС䡣
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ֲһ۸ߵսǵıӰƫͷƹ˵壬ԷԼͺá
ƹҲֲһֲļ򣺡Ҿȥˡ仰֮ƹȥŷŷµ꣬
ֲ̧Ųȥ˹սǡ
սǵҲλþһĻסС䣬ֲվڸ棬ɫĻԡ
ʱȷ˽ĺǷĺʱ
滻·ĸO@ֲ΢ÿĻһǡ
Ȼֲ׼˳϶濴ȥʱһֻϸ˳ͻȻץסһ룬һֱӽֲһգ۵ʱ䣬ֲ㱻˸
ֲͫ͵ɪһ£⾪˵Ƹвֲ˽顣
վԼǰʼٸߣֲûüڣͱֻһɫµĸ˸ǽϡ
ֲ촽⶯㡭
΢΢̧Цſֲ濴濴У˵䣬ֲһƷ˿۰׵ֲָĶ
һɲǼ䣬ֲȻһһֱƽȵĺҲһ˲
оֲı仯촽Ǳ߹Ļ˼֣ջ֣˫յֲĶϣһ䣺˵˵ö䡭ɣ
֣ŵúᣬ΢΢β͸һֱǣܵĳƺ֮ĪͶһֲ||֮С
ֲû˽ĿĳƺԷ|ֵһɲǣľȻǱһϸСһ¡
ֲĺ΢΢˶ǡ
㲻ýʲôĴֲĶ⣬оһ˲ԷԼصĺỺ˵ƭ˵ûѻҿɲ
⻰ֲȻһ
رƭӡֵʱһɲǼֲΪԷ֪һЩʲô
оֲüֻƶֲ̽Ǵճȭ֡
콫ֱֲָϣ˹˵ţҴӽͷˣƺҵĺЩȤ
ֲû˵
ʱ򣬳ĬѾǱĻش
΢˫˼һ㣺롭ҵĺĵطӦþһ˰ɡ
׵Ĳ³Ŀġֲµ۵Ҳѻ
ӣ̫Ҳ̫ˡ
첢ֲ˿̵룬ҲûҪ̽Ĵ㣬Լĺ
㲻˵Ӧǲ¶ˡЦһ£ʵЩ棬ȷҵĺû֪࣬һҺ
˵䣬콫°ֲļϣԭֱֲָ⣬Ҳϻ˼硣
ǰߣⷬӦѾ֪˴𰸡Ǻߡ˵⣬΢΢ͣһ£סֲȻż˵Ǻߣ㲻Ȳ²£ǶൽҺĸλã
ֲ֣Լĺ󱳣ֲȵָһ㲼˵ĺǣţ£΢΢ݵѣ


8 
ֲĺһμأָλоһƵķ֮Сһ㣬Ȼڵĵףٱһ֫ٺ
΢΢⽫ϵӣԷ˿ƽıǼ⡣ǵŸһ𣬽ܸܵԷϵ¶ȡ
鷢չڣȫֲԤ롣
խĸֻܰ˽˴˺ֲĺĪһֽƵĿ⣬ĺ¹ţӶԷг֡
ڼȥֲ֪᲻ᷢչԽܿơ
ϲָо
֮бҽࡢԷǣߵĸо
ֲ۾ƽһºʱ۵ѽƽ
˫ַڸļ࣬뽫벽죬Ҳ˳һվֱ塣
֪𣿡˫ֱۣͷ῿ǽڴϾĿֲ
һԵЩɢ̬۾ȴһܶһе·һ۾Ϳֲĵص
˽ֲΪĴеЩľͬʱȻһ|ܵĲ֮С
סֲ̬|ܸУһϴͷϴ̬͵ΪԲһЩ棬ֱʣð
Цһ͵Եøð
ֲЩȵ򴽣ͷ͵øˡ
һɵ㶵ӣǺܷϾֲ
쿴һۣʵ˭ģ
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˵Ϲ֮£ǷһǾԲֲϵġѾһǸų֮ˡ
ѲǴ֮
ֽ׶ΣΪ˽ʱҹεͷһЩ˵ǡ
ε˽Сһ˶ǹ¶ͬһŮӴ˽аŮװ鱩¶֮ǰΨһ֪˽жˡ
ε˽ĹϵԭͦãǺΪεϲүλүϲ˽ܵҷεҷ˵ӣ˽
ЩԴļ䡣
һһʼҲ֪ε˽ѣȻҲŶԷĻΪ˽ϲˡ
εŴձĿ˿֪еһЩơ
ֲ˽ȥε֤ʵΪһļε˽޹ĵڶ磬ɱˡ
εǲԾֲ⡣
£ĵشܰʱҹȥϾֻ֪ε˽Сһ𳤴ϵܺãȴܰٷְȷεһ֪˽ĺࡣ
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ûŪһЩɻ֮ǰȻҪעһЩ
Ȼѡ˵εȻνһԲ
˿ģǳĬĬõȴ˽ڡ
˽ţɡ
ԸݶԷеݣӦĻش
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ȻһֲеǣǰʲôҲû˵Ҳ˿ûмѯʵ˼
ͷ·ոһ˭ģֻڵһʡ
˽ԽԽֲЩ²͸ˡԷĺ࣬˽ݱӦ˼ٵġ
Էһ˽ʵ̫󡣵˽һģ˵ȥ
ѲɶԷǻǸ
뷨ֲԺһ֮ûüϸϸ˼ԷһȻ˵
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ֲ渶֮󣬸ֽݸϵϡ
䣬ſ˫֡
ֲһеֿһϸо֫ĬǰΪϵ
Ϊϵʱ򣬸̧ۿ
췢ֲ۽ȻǺܳȴǳŨܣѻڵĽѹһܱյĻߣʱĳһ֮С
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ЦЦ˵רĵ㡣
䣬߱ӹֲ£ֲ˫Ƿ򥴦
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ĻֲĶ΢΢һͣԭŵҲ̧̧˸졣
ĿԵһɲǣ΢䣬ôﻺ˵֣Ҳ⡣˵꣬ϰǰһֲ򥴦һ£ѵˮ㣬һ֡
ֲһͫ͵ɪһ¡
ĻԼͻȻһǣ˵ȫȻ⡣
еǾȵģĵףֻɬĲ̬ȴڼҹָ˽ĺĦ֮һα
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˼ʮĲһ۾ͿϵϵȵĳС
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ƹӭǰͺкţλͣѡЩʲô
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ӵҿҪúˡ
ƹһ߽շλãһߴŻλصˡ
ǴӻʳǱġ˵
ƹԣִһӣ漴ֿһԡһֱδ˵ӣֲöλȲ
λշǴպҹƻᴩƹ²ʵ
ЦЦˬʶͣϾأִ죬һҹƻᣬһ£
˵꣬ӿһԵӣһ˵ǰɣϣ
ӳΪϵӣֻģ̧́Ƥһ
ҲϰϵӣܿͰĿת˻
ƹ֪γƺӣ
ӵл
ƹЦлӡ
лҲЦЦȻһ۰ڷշƹ񣺡ƹģȥԼѡ
ƹӦϡ
ܿ죬лʹڶշ֮ѡԼÿһշóͷƹ񣺡ƹģĵط
ƹߣϸѡʵշлĻҲû룬˳ھͻһ䣺ǸսǺ档
˵֮󣬹˺ü룬ƹȻӦҴɺλɻϣ
ˣˣƹ͵֣ϽͷС
һˡ֣ƹû˵ߵսǸл꣬־Ѿ̧
лֿ촥ĻʱĻһֻ޳ִƿˡ


9 
ֻ޳׾ǽڷԲеָϡָױ޼ɾһֻÿ֡
л˳ֻƶĿⴥֱֵֻ֮Ӿԭء

˽
յľһƳڶμӡ
ͬո˼Զľ룬˿̣˽ľúֻܽһֱ۵ľ롣
ӭԵӣлܿƵļӿˡ
ջ֣ѵЩŵ΢˫ţοͬ˽
Ȼ׼˵ʱȴҲûһֱۣӾʹǰ߹
һɲǼ䣬Է˿ȻϢƮɢıǼ
һɲŨȴŵķ㣬л˼һ˲Ŀ͡
ʱһӴӸ˳
ϴŻɫߣĸߴ˫޳·ˣһȳ
յţӦþֲˣлܿȷһ㡣
뵽˽ӣл΢΢߬һ£ĵײ˼Īʧ
һ룬̵˹
Ͼ˽ʶڵ˽˵һİ˶ѡ
ټϣ̼ϲ˽ʱʹӶԷĮȻµоˣ˽ӦǼΪ䵭ģһĵС
ôһ֮л¹
תƹȥ˽ֲ
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϶ͬɫϵ
һĸߴͦΣһ
վһ𣬿ҲǶԡ
ǶԣҲֻǾߺͶԡ
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ϵĿӣǸ죬ֲȻǶˣ˶ûн˷
ڹԶ֮ˣٻȥ⡣ֲֽ׶Σ˼Ҳڸߣ˷ʱȥע޹ؽҪĴڡ
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ھϵʱ򣬸ͬδһۡ
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뿪ıӰϵʱЩ΢
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ü漴һЦ
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û˵봹֪ʲô
ƹЦЦ˵ȷʵǣϾأҲҲµˡ
л⽫ԸոǴߵӾֲȡ
ƹ̾ϢһǱҵģֲҲǿСĸ˫ŵܵΪʮֳ˻֣ǻС
Ҫ˵⵹ùܸܲһӵġƹһתⲻȡôһµ˵ǸӣҲʲôϡ¡
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ƹʼնûзһ㿴ֻƹᵽ˽ֲĹϵԽԽõʱ̧̧Ƥ
л꣬ƹһȴһ΢ȻС
ͻȻЩġ
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ձҪһϱǰۡ
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۵ʱҪɾģţߦ֮󣬼ըڸвŻá
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뵽⣬ֿһ۳ķ漴ߵһַľϣʳָһûһµߵ档
Ϊ˲ԼӹģֲȥһЩôЩʱ䡣

ûá
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쵭˵ʱ䡣
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ЩֲŽձ̯˳ȥְȥһľʡ֮ǰ˵һ䣺һᾡ

ձ̯ͰǰĽֵϡ
ֲ˳ĵϣ顣˺ܰͨ͸һֵȻʡ
ʱ㣬˻Ǻܶࡣ
ֵϵˣע˸ϡ
һΪ챾ò̫ۣΪԼڲͬĻ硣
ָ߲Եù죬˿׿̸ֻ˽˵ָо˲һǹټŵĹӣŸ߹ġ
Щˣӽѡշ߳л꣬ڿԶĸ֮Ҳͬĸо
˽һҲźӻƵˡ
ǣԷǷǳiұĳ࣬ģȴĳȻü۳һŵķ
һ
̻ϢĽֵУȴȻ̬
˾ãǰձ̯īڻûκ
л꿴ŲԶӣԵ˵˵ǸǲͦԵģ
Ͽһۣ˵˾䣺ѵߵ𣿡
ϽҴлЦЦֱԵѵöһ˲棬ܹġ
˵꣬лŲűעӵ߹ȥ
лǵһߵձ̯ǰˡ
ȻһԿŸЩˣΪԭﶼȥûи֮ж
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һ㶣Ӧ˰ġ
Ӳش𣬸һ飺򼸸
һΣδ˼г׻л꣬һûע⣬˳˵֣ȫ


10 
л˵仰֮󣬿һ˲ļž
һ룬ܿ췴Ӧл꣬̾ʶԼشȫƺԵЩһ̫ӡ
뵽⣬ԾĿľϵ˽
һһ۾Ϳ˶ԷһЩ΢
лʱЩεЦЦѾ˵˿ڣջصĻֻԵøɵ㶣лֻӲͷƤ˵Щձȫˡ
ͷá
£Ȼʮġ
һ꣬ʡ¡ҲһЩĶſ
˵Ѿϰ˵Ŀ⣬Ҳ˵̩ȻȻԱ⣬ȻǸԸһ徲ķΧ
վһľϵձֿһһԹŵֽ
ֲ뿪֮ǰֻνձһһװ
Ҫձȫ꣬ʮձһװʵ̫£첻ô鷳
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ձȫתװһ֮󣬸콫ӵݸӡ
ӹձǮл꣬ȴô뿪Ÿһ⡣Ŀел۾һʵ㿴ʲô飿
ӽձȫˣǸװǳɴࡣˬĹ˿ͣڶԷһģҲӦ䡣
۶ľ˵
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ԣɫ㡭
л˵ᣬֻǵ͡
䣬леձϣձеࡣ
ϵеࣿȫˡ
л˵˵Բԣ
ԭҪҡͷԺͻȻʼģ˽ձ̯ǰĻ棬ܾĻߣչʹģͱһš֡

ߣձĸ죬߽ڣĿձ̯ûҪƻ˼
ܿửֲһ̯λϵձȫˣľϵӣȴӰ
ΧкЩ˶ձ̯Ľ̸ʲô
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һĻԷ̻֮ʵУ֪ΪΣֲĵ˼˵΢¶
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ǹںɫԨĸߣڴѪĵʱͻȻǰһѿԭҪ۶ȴѿһɢŹݡ
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ֲһҲ˲ס
ڶϸԴϷʵ̽͵Щȫǵƹѡøҵġ
ü𡭡
ֲͷƺ¸첻ţּ˵ҸǮѸٸϻˣûעЩ
Цʲô
ֲᡣ
ʲôҼȻѾףһҲ𣿡
£ֲ˵ˣȴ
״һֲǷĶ䡣
ֲһһ
ˡȻֲⷬӦȫȻαװһʵڣⶼӰȤԷ
ɴཫľϣȻǰһʾֲ
ֲ֪ǰʲôĽ˳
ȡֲġ
ֲ졣
΢΢ҲɡдЦҹĺڵ۾ǳǳ˲𡣡͵ͻ˵


11 
˵仰֮󣬸΢΢תһ壬˫ľıԵȻֽ̧Щֲá
ֲɫĿ䵽һ覵ϡ
ϸ֬ļĹ£͸һЩͨ͸İףֲܿϸСë
մͱǼ⴦ճţҲ˿˵ò
ǶȵԵʣֲԷĲϣǵɫѪ·ϸ˳Ĳִ·ֻҪȥõܽϡ
ֲµֳһ˿Ŀȴ˿δ䣬ֲеԸ
ڸϣרע档
һ룬̧һֻ֣Ϊϵۡ
ǲգȻǸıǼ⡣ٶȺҲᣬҷǳСƺ½ƤŪ졣
봹רעӵ۾ԼϸỺĶһǻоһְе顣
ٶıİӿΨˣ֪
ֲϵղɾ֮ͳȥʰձ̯ˡ
ձ̯ľʶƽʱ˵öණȱյձҲˣ԰ȱĶð
ֲԣĬƬ̣˼˺ü룬ŵͷá
ˣֲõ飬ѡһ׼ʱ䡣
ֲ״˵ҿҪҲŻȥЩˣʱ˰ѷһ±ɳԡ
ֲĻ΢΢һ٣ֲҪʱ֮ٻ
ֲͷ͵͵Ӧһ
ҪȥһؽɽɽһַǳĲҩΪϪݡϪݵĹЧʮ棬޸õƤȥְ̺ۣˣǽˣϪݵķϡ
ֲҩȻϪݣȴͱڴէһۺͨҰû̫ҲۣԼû֪ϪھӵĴ֮󣬻бȽҩЧ
ֲ֮Ի֪ЩΪǰ˽ϼƶ֮״̬˼Ʈʮڼ䣬һλҽù
ҽסһȵףλڸʵ֮£λҽҽǳտö˵á
ǸʱΪһƹ»ֲλҽѧ˺ܶࡣҽԼȡ
λҽΪ»ĵڶʮʱ˹ȵסӹȵ׳ȥֿʼĿĵƮ
Ǹʱ֪Լ˼˶Զ֪ǲǷĳʱĿԽ
Ϊ£ͱһУȻĪĺڰСʱһƹ»ͳȫȻİĹȵףһλҽ
뵽ҽùϪݣֲһСʱɽϿϪݡ
ֻҪϪķʽ֮󣬼ÿʱĻ꣬ϵĺۼȫʧ
ȻһĻᣬȻܽһλװ˷ѡ
[С죬ҪٽŻҪЩʲô]
[š]
[ôһ]
[]
ЦֲԽԽ˼
ϵͳһ»顣Ҳԣٷѡ֮ҲûСÿ¡
ֲûٶʣΪԷĬĻ˵ȥ
䣬ֲת׼ȥ
סȵȡ
ֲͷɻĿ졣
ֱ˵Ҳȷˣǫ̀⻰˵ٲΰ롣ǵȼٵģȻôԼô
ֲôǾҪ࣬ź򣬻ʲôĿ֮ڡ
ֲ룬˵ҸһЩŴ׸⡣
û˵ƺ˼
ֲ״˵Ŵ׸ⲻȣ˳Կڸзá
䣬ŵͷãȥɡ
ֲŴ׸ٶȺܿ죬ûö೤ʱͽŴ׸ˡŴŴСֲ߳һ鿴˵Ŵ׸ģȳȥˡ
ͷҲûֻ̧һ
ֲҲٶԣת߳š
ֲ뿪ֻ֮ʣ˸һˣԿеᡣ
ֲửͺӣеĿⱾᣬΪ޸
Ҫþݵ׶ҲǶһЩ飬ȻҲдĳЩ֮䣬˴ŵȤ¡
磬Ǳĩʱڵƽ硣
ʱ黭ʢУīͽǡ
йڶһЩ滭첻뵽λסڶġϺͼıˡ
ڸ˽⵽ϢλĩĻңݳԣʷûκؼءͬϺͼҲֻһ85ּ򵥸ԡ
ȻƽʱգܼˣҲһȤ¡
ڸ콫޸һʱʱѵ硣
ᣬȥֲŴ׸⡣Ŵ׸ζȸеĻҪãŴɿڣ塣
㣬ּ顣
ٽʱʱЩӣм̸ʲô
񣬼һǽ⼸˵̸
˵Ǹεɱˣ
εĸε
ĸεԱǸ˽Сһ𳤴Ů
ö˶˵ôɱ
ҾͲ֪ˣһ˵żҵһ¡
ޣʲô£˵˵ӡ
ԱλԽܣһֱҪ˽˶ŷǽ
˵˽׶żǶԸӹʲôԻôǸԵתģ
ȻΪ˽Ư
Ưܵ𣿡
;Ͳˣ˴˼ֲԴģá
ĻûεԱһң˵޹ؽҪĴڡ
ֲ֮ǰ˵һʱʱʧ˼ʱֲƿţ˻
ð˺ܶණװ齵ľ塣
ע⵽ֱֲЩˣ󱳴ҲǳһĻۣЩλ϶ˡ
ֲĿ⣬ӦɶˣԷȴûѯԵɣᶼδᣬƺԴ˺⡣
һɲǼ䣬ֲҲ֪ԼǸ˽ĮӣǸʲô
˵ҵ齴á
ֲӦһһľ屧¥

һЩʱ䣬ֲ齴ãĩִӹóһµӣõĹ߲üõӵĳߴ磬˿Ϸչȥ
Щ֮ʱѾǿ쵽ʱ
ֲ׼ȥŵʱ򣬸סϵ˲һ𣿡š
֮󣬲ֲش𣬸˵ȥһˮ󱳵˿Ұ㴦ǵȻģ˵Ļȴ͸һԼġݾܾǿơ
ֲͷ죬µ˫ҹһƬڵĲ񷣬밵ĹӰ˸
̧̧Ƥ˵»Ӱ췹˵ĿڸС


12 
ϡ
ֲ£ϰ|¶档
󱳵Ƥʵ£Сɫķɫҫ£һһɫ󡣶ָ㣬խխȥû·ĿС
ֲ󱳴һǳһ˺ϣ漴Ϊ
˵˿ڣǸ죬ֲû˵ԵЩš
˿ڵٶȲҲԸоֲһֱЩģÿ춼ֲ֪ǷǰֶȻճȭ
Ҳ⣬Ͼ󱳽һǰɱԼˣ˭Ҳ޷ķɡ
Űӵʱ䣬ͽֲϵ˿ϣˣ˵ֵʱֲչһЩ
ʱ䲻ֲȴһַ·˺ܾõĴ˽ϵʱһַ·𱻻յĸо
Էƶһɻյ
Ѿˡ
ֲеһԵ¡
Ȼֲ׼ʱ򣬸ȴͻȻ֣˫ֲַļͷ
ڸ΢ֲƤһɲǣ΢΢һ콫ǰ°ֲļϣôӱֲ塣
ֲ˲δŲҲδǷ˸ΪһĨ⡣
ֲδԶ룬ֱֲ۴ֻ£ϸԲָŰֲ
ӱסֲƫ´ݵֲϡ
ֲۣ˫Լ֣۵׵ɬ
˿ֲԺһִ·Լһӳǽʲϵ
˽ЩƫģֲȴԼĺ˻¯
һ|ڷͣӺ˳ļ|׵һ·ϴڣӿĺ|ĺ|ʼĪķ|ʡ
ֲϲڶԷյƿصĸоȴìܵĳ֡𽥱|ĸй顣
ֲ˫ճһֱߡ
ۣ漴
˽գֲȴݳ˿ڡ
˸֣ƽΪͳҲΪɳƣÿһǴӺﻺһ㡣
泯ֲţ
ֲľֲ࣬ٴһ
ƣֲĶ˵ţֲСࡣ
ֲһ£漴˵ҲΪĺܲһ
˵ǳƽˡ
˵󣬸ЦݼתҲٴƵֲĲ
ֲĺЩۣԼԵƽ֡
ðɿ֡
ɴֲһ˲
Ȼһ룬ȴֲĺһ£ڸֲ°һ㣬һ֡
󾱱Ƿǳ|еĲλ
|ȵĴ|ֲ󾱵Ƥʱĸо򥻹Ҫ̺|
ֲ΢һ£վͷ졣
Ϊʼٸߣڶֲߺ󣬸ȴһЦԶ⡣
ǹġ
ⶺȤ
ʶһֲ֮ûеŭ
˽
߸׼ȷһ˵ǰӡ
ӣһƻǹĻһֵĮǴδ
Щ׽͸ֲ֪˽İϷʲôһȷǾӣΪ
˽ԽԽȤ
һ˽ֲһУȤ
ʼֲֻȷӵ֮󣬾;Ȼֲȴ֣˽ǡշ

һҹǸ˯ࡣ
λãֲȴû˯һ˯ϣΨ΢ɾȥϢΪˣʱ̱ߵĽ䱸
ڶգĻδףֲˡ
ձȻձ̯Ƴȥ
ձȣ˽һ롣ÿһ춼һЩ
ʱ㣬Ϊ磬ձ˺١ǽգֲŸոսձƳȥиռΧ˹
⼸˿ǳᣬһߵȿڣձ˵ֲ꣬Χ˿ƣһ䣺ôλɣ
ֲ߸һۣһֽӹǮһֽձݸϢ
˿̣ȷʵ˯
ŸչîʱȻô硣ΪȥԲŻ⡣
վձ̯ǰļӣֲĻش϶ʱ¶˼źǴǰûм˽磬˵˽޸ֲ֮󣬾͸˸һձ˿һ֮С
Ǽ˲˵ǣŽ
˽Ӱûš
ɢ֮Ǹ߸ӿһеձִһǷֹţ֪ҾͲôˡ
ԱߵӸ͵ǣˣǸϽȥ˯
ǻеûϵĳŵûţȻôôġ
վձ̯бԽֵϺл꣬Щ˵ıԹĬĬһۡ
촽΢ڣлһ˵֪˵ߵң⼸һԵЩ
ϵ֪ͺá
Ȼô˵ţϾãлһ˳ȻһߵԼƺҲʵǺòȥ
Һ£ֱͲ¡
л겢֪룬˿ﻹЩԼʧ䣺Ҿ˵˵
üȻٰȫձˡȫ֡
лһЦһ˵ܱܲˡ
Ͽһ۽ֶձ̯Ŀڴߵͣһ˲󣬶л˵ˣؿջ
Ϻлתȥ֮ԭʰձֲ̧̯һ뿪ıӰһĨ⡣

ʱѾǽӽʱ
¥ϴ֮󣬿ڷľϵšһŴ׸⡣
춢Ŵ׸⿴˺ü룬бҪ׬һЩǮȻ󽫹Ӷһճ̡ȻŴ׸ζֲÿճȥ뿪һ죬Ǹɲ
ţԼһȲ衣
һľԣ顣
ΣŸոշһҳһЩٵĽŲ
ܿ죬Ųſͣ
֮ģһһӵĺ
㿪ţߡ
[ϵͳߣ˭̫ˣ]
飺[Ա֮ӡԽ]
[ϵͳ޶ԣԽܣߡ]


13 
㿪ţ֪档
ںţŵĽҲԽԽ죬һ첻ţһֱļơ
챻Щ飬ŷȥԽٴοǰŴˡ
վſڵԽܿųԼе˽иֳһĨŨŨľޡҲ֪Ϊδ̫˼Ϊʲôԭ򣬴˿̼˽Խܵıκʱø졣
˽øƯˡ
Ư࿴ۣһַ·𱻹ƻ󵽵ĸо
˽Ŀע£Ȼо˴δйĽź;ִ٣һʱ֮侹ʧ֪οڡ
õĻҲͻȻ顣
쿴ĿڣԽܣ
ĳȻеԽܣʶҡҡͷܿ췴Ӧͷǡ
ʲô
ͬһ뿪ءԽѿڶ
뿪أ첻ĸ⼸֡
ԣ뿪ֻҡԽǹĳһ㣬ǰһŸ죺߰ɡ
䣬ͻȻ뵽ʲôԽһؿڣ֤ģΪ㣬ԸٻֻҪܸһʲôԲҪ
˵֮ⷬԽܽ˽֣ʮĿŸ졣
ԽܵļȣķӦȴʮƽֻ̧̧Ƥ̲һ䣺˵𣿡һ
Խһ£֮ǰԺ˽ĸ֮󣬻ֵĸַӦȻûһַӦƽƽЩĮˡ
ʱԽܲŷǰԣôİ
üͷһ壬̲סڣ㵽ôˣǲɶʲô
첢˽һһ
ԽܵȴҸж˽ĸ棬Ҳһ豦С׿˵˽ôӦһ˽յĽֻܲҡ
ʵϲң
ԽܵͷֵΪ
ԣսԽܡ
ԸĿԽ׾˲˸͸úܿ죬ҲʼЩ٣˵
һЦϲң
ŸеЦ⣬Խֻͷκģﻹ˼ȥ˼ֻƾűܻصϲϲ
ԣֱӵϲš
Խ㶣ţ
ͷĸ׻Ըҡ
ģ뿪ȥ
ˡԽܣסԽܵ°ͣ˵֪𡭡ûŵҡ
ѹɤԭõ߱ЩŻһĴȻȴһƬ⡣
Խֻ°ʹԷĵطڷ̷ȣԾһ¿ˮЩȻĿŸ졣
ĦԽܵ°ͣʲôʱҵλãңڴ֮ǰҪٳҵ𣿡
֣Ȼѯʵ־䣬ȴ˿ûԽԸ˼˵ѯʣ˵ǵλһֱڸߡ
һĶڸϵԽܣɵɵĵ˵ͷãһ֤㿴ģ
ջ֣һ
գԽʮ־Ŀ˸üۺ󣬲뿪ˡ
Խһʱ֮󣬸šȥϴֻԽ֣ܵȻɾŲŻص֮ǰλã顣
ͬʱһߡ
ָһ·ɣҲ뵽صĵؽ硣
ߵ·ߵһҲͤһһСˣܿ챻ͤĵС
׼ˮʱͻȻ˵ԼҴ֡
ǲģֲ˽ܴ˶ã
ҿһ¡
Ҳ֪˵ֲ˻ǲң˵ҰɣȢ˸ɫĴˡ˵˰ɣǸӣܴڽӴ
ⲻܴڽӴҲˣ˽ǰ£ôܿɣԸֲֵģָûͻǽ
⣬ɵüͷʱ
Ĵˣ
׵Ķ󻹲Ůӣһˣ
Ϣɶԣֱ⧲
Щ˵̸Ϊ˽ƺһᰲֹӵˣ
֪Щǲŵģ˽˾Ҳۣ˳׵Ӧʵ
뵽⣬סˡ
վǮֱ֮ת뿪ˡ
Ҫϻȥ
Ϊ˱֤ٶȣһƥٶǰҵķ
ٽʱӱ޵˼ǰ
˩һԵϡ
ŽյķţЩӣЩδɣȻһֽŸС
򴽣סǰ̧š
ûκζ
ѵڼ
ֲţֱߵߵš
￴ĸ죬εüͷ΢΢һ¡밲ѣһԽܣһ˭
ʽĹ磬̬ȣһʼͿѡ֮ӿʾ
ﲻǡ
ŵ˭첢֪
ڶηе飬ſȥ
ߣվɣ̧׼õεʱԭرŵţ˴ˡ


14 
ŵ͵ضס֮˵֮󣬲΢һ
̧ۣ䲻ȵ˾䣺˭
ʶصɡ
֣΢΢ü´Сӡ
ӺֲߣķǳͦΣͷֻһ򵥵𣬶ǰ鷢Ӣϣƽһֲѡ
ӴĿ⣬ɵĪͱ˼֡
ЦЦɣ˵ֲ그£ұܷͷĵܵܣ
ԣ촽΢Ҫ͡
ȻĻѾߣȴû˼ֱӾתȥ
վԭأĬĬҪ˵ڵĻ˻ȥӵıӰȻԷûнԼݣʱǳ˾޵ӣҲֻǴȢλˡ
˽
Ĭһ֡
˼ĸ죬ûиϣͷһɻԭأվſڲ֪˼ʲô
ô׼һֱվ浱𣿡첻˵
⻰˵ʲôջʲôҲû˵ģĬĬ̤˷š
ɽŹ֮Ѿľϵĸ죬߽˵
ɿ˸һۣ漴˸Ķ档
ʱ˿̣ɵЩ΢ļңȻڶĵĿע£ȴһԼ·ǿ˵ĸо
ˣһеĽŸУȻԣȷȷʵʵǴˡ
ܿ죬͵״̬
콫ֳϣڶɣ̲ʵˣ
΢ߣܿ˸Ŀ⣬ڵȥ꼰ڵġ
ʱʮڡȥ꼰ڣҲǶʮһֲСꡣ
ʣλˣ
⣬ɲû̻شһ£˸һۡ
ӵĿʼǺƽģƺֻһʣû⣬Żصʱȷ
˵ִ꣬븶ӵĿ⡣
֪Ϊ˽һμ棬ԹϵԵú衣Ϊⳤֺÿӣķɡϵġɩɩ£ֻ˽˴ɸемֲڡ
ߣͼһ⡣
һ룬׼ʱȴͻȻվ
վƹεľߵߡ
Щԣ̧죺ôˣ㡭⻰û˵꣬ͽ
ԸͻȻӸߵ߿ʼһֱɣֱһ븶ľ롣
ɵüͷ΢壺ɩб𣬻ԡ
һء֣ɻû˵һֱĸ˵ϸûüͦġ
һ㶣û뵽ԷͻȻսֻΪ˹۲üƶȡ
ʱ˵һ仰ĸ죬Ѿվֱ壬˳Ǳδ飬ֱ¥ݿȥȻǲɡ
ڵϵɼ״ʱЩΡ
ոգΪʲôͻȻһֶԷҪͼ
ѲΪʱ˵˽һŮҪյĺ꾫
ֱ̫ˡ
ţ϶¥ĸȴʱͻȻ˿ڣˣվ¥ϣ¥µɿȥ̧ͷʱ򣬸˵֪һ𣿡
ֲصʲô
һ˫΢ţ˵ĸ֣ľԱ
˵꣬΢һζЦݺƿ޵ķţ̧˽ȥ
ľϵɣʶΪ˽˵ľԱĸ֮һ˲Ķ
θбȷøʢ֮⣬һСԷ˵˼ŻΪһ紵ݶɹʲôǱоġ
ʵһУ顣
˫ܿƽ뵽ԷǱ߹һĨЦݣȻ־ûԼˡ
üۣһĨ˼
˽
ݵļ仰ԷһˡһǿȷģǾǶԷȷʵ̫ܰƽӵˡ
ʱ˿̣Լûз֣ԭſؼҼԺȴԼķɡϵġɩɩռˡ
ûʴΪʱûڼӦʱǵȥѯˣЩˡ
ɻʱٽʱ
Ϊ·ú磬ֻһԭͤ˲ˣ׼һ¶ӵģȴΪ˴˽¼ŸϻأһҲûԡ
Ͷ˵ɣʳӣ͵ˡ
λ׼ȥʹӷ˳֮ǰϵ飬Ǳŵ˷
һ¥һɣ𣿡
ʵصһЩ
˵ͷҵš⻰˵ȻƺһҲûʲôס
ֻ˸һۣʲôҲû˵תȥˡ

ɿ˿ʣµʳģ˽ϵɩɩݣǻͷһվڳſڵӣʳ𣿡
صŪʲôұʲôȻǰʳζҪ㲻
⻰˵ú⣬żĵζ
ȻĻﲻκε|֮ɫɶȴǵĹϵ׽ƺѾһ˺ܾһ㡣
ʵϣֻ˽ĵһμ档
Ź΢΢һ£һɲǼ䣬˵΢Уһĵײˡ
˽Ŀע£оһ΢ĲڡڶԷûڳſھվ˼Ǿ仰֮󣬾ͳȥˡ
еʳģüĿʼ˹档
ûö೤ʱ䣬ɾͽˡһЩ嵭ϣַ˺ɰŽص˳˳
ɽһ˸ǰһݣڸ֮Ҳ̾Ϳʼ
쿴ðɫЩʮֲҲͦġ
ɢȥһЩ󣬸ľ꣬һڣζеĻҪóԡȲЩ¥þ£ǳһڸС
ڣҲǿġ
[С죬ɺͶɶ֮ӣǻ]
[ⲻӰ졣]֮䲻ͻ
ϵͳôشҲˣС˵ʲôǶԵġ
˿̣ߣ뷨Ȼǲ֪ġɿ棬ʵϣȴڲźۼĹ۲ӡ
ԶٶȲҲ˶ǰģ࿴ǳźÿ
ֺÿֹ˹ĵţǴӹɢġִݶȻʡ̬ǻȻɡ
ɶ˽ĸйΪӣȴҲòϣλϵɩɩͷ˿Ǿޱȵģһ˿覴á


15 
ƻʱ֣
콥
ֲڻȥ·ϣ˽ϰķϡͬƹһΪʮ飬һǳ̸ˡֲº͵Ц̸
ҴɰǼҶɽ͸Һϰʹӣζϡ
ֲһɻˣ
ֲӣҲһ£㲻֪𣿡
ֲһֱ档˵꣬Ҳϻشֲ˵̣Ȼȥˡ仰ֲ֮Ѹҵķȥ
ϿһֲЩеıӰЦҡҡͷ̾ţֵܵĹϵǺðһܻܵˣֱܡ
Ȼʵϣֲ뾡ȥֻһҪģȴֲ̫˽ɵദ
һ˽ʶ֮ǰչĵܵɡ˽ͼеǸкܴĲֲͬɲǵദ
һӵʱ䣬ֲ˻Ϊһһ̫࣬һ·ҴҸϻֲûгϢʮƽȵģûһ˿١
ǰ̨ףֱƿţһ۾Ϳ˶δҵĵܵܡ
ɣͷһԼҴӢϹһĨõЦݣ磡˵䣬Ѹٽãӭȥ
ֲǰԼһߵĵܵܣԭΪԼǳϲãȻʵϣľȻƽ
ֲ֪ǲΪ֮ǰΪһƹ»˼ε̫ãһΪص飬ȴ޷м̫Ĳ
˫ϲõЦۣҲ˹ǣ¶һĨ΢Цˡ
ñطĻϲûвԼҴݷӦĳ˵˼ʹһѱסֲ磬þò
ֲ֣һɵĺ󱳡
ͺáֲ˵꣬վֱ֮ɨһܣʵأ
еʵ˭Զ
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λأԭǴϰ¾ߡȴｫʱĬĬӳˡ
ƺ˺ܶ΢ı仯ǲŪһЩ飬ܹǲܷ뿪ġ
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ɽӹֲеĲˮٽ硣
ֲ뵽ﻹʣܶŴ׸⣬ףƮɢĲˮʳһ䣺ųԵʲô
ɻص档
شֲ΢٣漴ָĦ𱭱ڣҲһԵģ
Ȼָ˽
һ˫΢Щ죬̧ΪδͻȻʳ⡣˽ϾϵɩɩֻܲԼһ˳ԡ
ֲͣеĶ̧Ҽǵֵľ档
ɵͷһЩϸ΢ĵҲúóԵʳ
ֲֵӦþζɡ˵⻰ʱֲȷŸһЩƻĹԵмֱĳȻ
ƺһûüȥ׽ϸڣֲֵ͵ͻ˵һ䣺Ӧϲġ⻰˵ڶ˵˵ڶԼ˵
ٴθеһ΢Ĳ졣
Ϊλ˵һΪλͻȻ˽ϲϲʳ⡣
ôΪλͻȻ˵Щɲڡ
ֲԣûлش⣬һۣ漴˵ΪλѡԼֵ棬򵥵ĳʳ
ֲ⻰˲סˡü΢ʼ˼⡣
һ룬ֲ˵˵˵ЩľɡɣȻǲͷǸ̸
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˿̣ϴڵߣԭΪԼδкܶ໰Դ˵кܶȤͬ
Ȼѯ淢ʱȴԼȻЩ֪˵ˡ
ʹ֮䣬ˡ
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ģƺΪϻӴˣҲһ˴ǰദָоԼ涼ʲôˣֺЩѡ
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ֲվȥ
ɼ״Ҳվ磬һգŵĸɴ󣬸ŶϢС
⻰˵ֲ꣬δش𣬸˵Ҫֲ÷ˡ
һӢͦĽüʱʶģ˽ڹѴ硣
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䣬ֲȥ˳
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죬ĿֻǵƳһۣת˷䡣
գһֲһġ
ֵܵĲˣֲһݡ
ڷǰֲҲֻԼһݲˣµıЩĻ͡
˽ĸʵܸӣһʼȫȻĺޣڣ˽һֽ̬ռ|
ǸҲãҲգϣеһУ˽ġ
ֲ֪Լ뷨
ֻѾһˡ
漰˽һʲôˣֲԸ˽̫Ľ׵ܵɡ
߸ȷе˵һ潲ΪֵܣֲŸ뿴˽ߵ̫
ҲԸ˽ȥĲˡ

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ҡͷЦЦ˵磬ЩĴƮΣύĶӡ
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˾ô˴Űʱӷ˳ߵӣֲʲôʱˮ
ֲھȥ
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ˮտֲ֮һһֻ֣ͰҺ¶ȵˮһ¥
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쿴һֲ漴ֿվſڵɡ
ôϣ˹˵һ䣺ǲʲô㶼ȥ
⻰һ˵꣬͵סˡ
ֲµҲĳЩõ£һ


16 
⻰˵⣬õɤ͸һԼϷʡһĵĻȴֵܵ˲СĲ
ֲſͰֽ˽˫ճһӲֱߣ봹ۣڵķ˿סĿ𺡣
ԭû뵽һɣڿվԭسĬôۺĶʱһ£ԼЩʲô
üͷһ壬Ÿɨ˹Ŀĳ־档
ˣЦ
üܻĻ絶
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һɲǼ䣬ԭ۵ֲҲǡ̧Ǳý븶񻥶
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⻰Ȼ뿪˼
Ĵ΢΢Ҳֻʱѹͷ
ȥˡ仰֮ת뿪ˡ
콫ĿתֲҪ˵ʲôôţȴû˿ĺ档
ֲĬһ˲ͻȻʳһ䣺ϲ𣿡
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⻰һڣһ˲ĳţѾߵԶɣҲΪֲһ仰˲ס˽Ų
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仰ָ
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ӻһ˽һ㣬ȥ⹴ĵܵɡ÷չһֲȷԼܲܿסĳЩ
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鷢չ쵹м־ֲ̺̾Ϳˡ
Ȼֲߣ΢΢üۣ쿴ϵı飬ҲȻǼ裬ˣ˵ȴһֽųı΢
[С죬ҸоǻشϲɾԻĳƫֶζõ顣]
[Ѹоȥ]
˵ֲڷԼ׵ܵ𣿡
仰һ˲
ڷ
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̷ֲϣǡ˵ֻǲϣߵ̫
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Ǹ˼Զɣһͬʱȴ֪ΪΣһɲǼ䣬ĵȻһǳ
Ҫȥ׽Ȼ˲ȴͬһ㣬ָߣʲôҲûץס
ɽŲŲ뿪ԭء
ֲеľͰ˫ס˸˫磬Ȼ΢΢ǰһν˵ľ
Ÿ죬˵һס˵ĻͬʱֲڸҲ˼֣Ҫ˶ץԼһ㡣

һҹ
֪ǲΪɵĹңֲԺֳָһЩ顣뵽˽ԶﰵĹ뵽˽
һ˽ĸܵΪϲ⡣˽һЩٶֻҪ̫֣ʱѡһֻ۱һֻۡ
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Ϊһҹδ˯˵״̬رã˿һϴŲˣһ߷Ŵ顣
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󱳴ϵͶȣֻ֣ɲһִδй̸С
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ʲô


17 
ʲô
ܵͳûŭЩġƵɳơ
ɵ˲俩һ¡
Ӧ֮ǰѾһɿ֣㲻ֲ
䵭ƽʹֲɵ|Ҳû˿Ļҡ
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߼˵ص㣺ΪҴټҴӱκ˽ǰҴϳ㡣
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ձ̯ǰ
ձ뿪ֲ֮վԵ˵һ䣺˽ɩӣҪעⱣ־롣
ԣڵ˵磬Ǽֻһ⣬ҲȻע־롣
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ʱһֱδһԵֲͻȻһ䣺ôǳϣ
лƳһۣˡ䣬ĿɨϵúͻȻ۾һתõġ
⻰һ˵ڣΧ۵һƬȻ
ⲻΪֵ𣡡
ǰÿǳķ֮ѧõ˱ͽ٣úõˣ˽̷˺͸輧ǣֻһЩΪϲöСѧõĹټСԡ
ȷʵֵܣһձһ⣬һܺմϱߣ˵ǵúˣ
ʱȺͻȻһ˵ǲ˻һˣ
˭˲⡣
˭˵һ۴ߵֲһֲǵš
һ˼״˲ͷӦ˹˵Īǡ
˽˽ӹ⻰
˽һΧ۵ȺһƬȻҲȷŸˡ
˽ܰɣ
Ҳòܣ˽ȻǶÿģƵģҲֻܿˣ
Ҳòܣ˽ҲֻԱҵˣֲżҵӣôܻᵯá
οӻõıͺ١
ȷʵܣǲŵġ
лЩһһģﻰ⼸û뿪˽֣ʱЩˡ
ԼŮСһۣ˵һ
ó


18 
һߣĿջڡ
Ϻлڶ¥ż衣
ʱһžװ彣ĻѸ¥ǰӣлҴСˡ䣬һԵлһۡ
պһڲлϢòҭס͵ؿ˿ȣʵ˵һ飿
ظлҴСˡ
ĩˣֲڰǰлСײһձ̯ձǼִ
ȵȣл̴ϻձ̯
ͷǵģձ̯
л橽ʣֿڵǼձ̯
ٴεͷǵġ
£һֱûʲôӦϣҲ΢΢̧̧ۡ
л꣬ٿһվ׼ߣϣھ͹ȥ
״ʶ˵лӣǵ˵õϢ֮󣬾̹ȥ˰лС㲻µġ
лŲһ٣ͷڵлǲķѾͷ𣡡һַǳ΢ĸӣڵձ̯
л⻰һ˵꣬ҲỤǾֱ¥ݿȥ
ԭصĻЩãȻգգ۽ޡ
ոӦǡûɣ
ЦЦҲվл֮¥
ͬʱֿߡ
ձ̯ǰ
ó
̵֣ȴһֱ˲䰲
ᣬɽȪöõ͸һЩͻ
ͬһʱ̣˵Ŀⶼķȥվſڵ֮󣬾һ·𿴵˴Ӿ֮ϴƶµɡ
Ȼܿ죬ǵĿⴥü֮ǻȻɵ欣ԼеĵĮ֮󣬾ջ뷨
ϵǼ˵񣬿ɲ˽㣬һƮƮͿ١һַ·𱻹˻ĻȻС
⡭˽𡭡
Χ۵ȺЩǼ˽ģЩֻ˽֡δ˽ˡ
˿̣վſڵӣ˲ȥ˵Ŀ⣬ͦü续
ǡǵİɡ
ⳤҲ̫˰ɣ
ȴſɺÿˡ
СС㣬Ҳ̫СĿЩճյģĻû˵꣬ƺһǡõݴʡ
վСԵл橻عһͷһۣûϢСôãôڻһûӡ
ӣȷʵͦÿġ
˶ÿ
лĬĬ䡣
Сһ˫ֱͷС㣡
лһѵ£
ŶޣԣС練Ӧ˹һ۸죬ɿƿĿɨֲֵܣθǵܲܵ
С⻰һ˵꣬Χ۵Ⱥһΰǻ࿴˿ԼͬİĿתǸɫ޵ӡ
Сл橼״ҲĿת˸ϡ
ڸ쳯˿ʱСʶʹԼӵ۾ͻȥ
С磬лҪúܶ࣬򴽣ϸߣ΢΢°͵˽᲻ᵯãĻ͸Ͻеİѷﾱûң
ԣ̧̧ƤһԵɣ߸׼ȷһ˵ǿŵá
ɫͲþǾƷ
ǲ֪ɫΡ
ջߣɨһһƬǽձ̯
лüι˵Ÿ캰ţȴûзǹʮ棬мֹ׺ݵĸо
Ǵ˿˵Ƕģлúǰֵ΢ŮһЩ
Сол橵ı仯վһԣֻ˲С˵ţС㣬ܱɫԻ
⻰ڶл˵ȴڶԼ˵
쿴лһۣ漴ߵߣҰɡ˵ͬʱĿ⵭ϡ
ɿ죺ᵯ
Ļû˵꣬ͳ֣˼Զ
ɻЩԥ˽ӣƺҪã
ʱֲ˵ɣø
ԼҴĻŽеķﾱõ졣
ӹá
л橼״ͷСȥѰó
츧һõ˵á
л橾ˣΪԼˣ㵯òòӣ
СҲˣòӣ
Χ۵Ⱥͬ𾪲ѣòôңȻᵯãҲ֪Ҫðӵġ
˿ʼɵ˽װǻưɣ
⻰һ˵꣬˸ţҿпܣ
û˵΢΢ָ˼
л۾Ҫָ
ſһۣ˵ʲô𣿡
лɵۣ⣡
ָõ֮٣˵ûСǵΨ̫ʱڵһλôʦ辶ֱָӲҵǸࡣ
첢˵ջߣſڵ̨ϣȻš
лסˣã۾ȷԼûп
Сӹл橵Ļòӣ
лԣ̿С磬Щ˵һ䣺ô˵䡣
СίҪ˵һõ㻺
͸ɫȴָɽֿչȼżɹһƳĳ촵硣
ԭ˽װǻƵˣȫ⾫׵С
л橿Ҳ𽥱ÿ
۾ڰ׷ͫת貵ĹΡ
ѧʮãδ뵽ԭáָңڲͬЧϸ帴ӵɡ
һ̣л橺Լӿ
ĿⲻܿƵıⵯõ
ϴл橿ǴֲµȻԷõģȴչֳһֶһ޶Ķɫ
Ũ۽һܱյĻߣµӰΪ۾ͿһȻɫͬһ΢΢Ⱦˮī
л橲
л橣Χ۵ˣҲ׷ܵ˼𺳡
һ̣û˭ܽĿӵƿ
ǳҲǵպһС
ҴҸߵл꣬ⵯõˣ۾΢΢¶һֺлƵı顣
ϡл꺰źѵ֣ȻȴҺ񡭡Ȥˡ
û˵ĬĿȺеǸ㣬ҲһƬ΢Ĳ
ڵõӣʱϲﱻö۴⡢Ҳɫټʱձ̯ǰ飬ȻģһõĻ
ڣڰżϣתᲦҼ䣬һķʶ
һ˽
˵˽׻ж棿
ɷϵģһ̣϶˽˲һִδйĺ档
Խɣվڸбǰλã覵ĲůɫĹӵϣΪһǳǳĽ
üãֱͦ֬
Աߵ÷ﾱγһĻںϡ
һɴû̵ᵽˡֵ塣
뵽˽ݣ˲ѣʶĿ˽ƿ
Ȼһ룬ߴ˽ǰζҵָʱ뵽˲ǰڳ¡
Ǹʱ˽ڷϴ֮ջֵһɲǼ䣬ֱָһ¡
뵽⣬ɵָʶ΢һ¡
վԵֲȴݺսˣڸϣĿģµһƬɭ
ڼ˶Ϊ˽ɫе޵ʱ򡭡
ֲȴֻ뽫˽Ͻ


19 
˽
ֻһܿĵط
һĨֲл߬Ľָֽ׶۽
ԽԽΧ߶˽¶˳Ե񣬶ֲǱʪҰޣҲڷŭţüצ
˽ռ|ˡ
ֲ۾ԽһĻһѸƽһٴۡ
һˡ
վΧ۵ŮȴЩģȻǻûдӷŵع
ֱԶлĹŽʵС
С㣬ǴүлСע⣬л橵䣬ԼС㣺ܼҹӡ
лȴûС磬Ÿ쿴еϲúͳݼǳɫͫ
л橴˿ﻹ˵лϣӶ˽ӣʶиĽӴ
ôţлҲֱж
첽ߵǰڵѡ
⻰һ˵ڣΧȺһ㶡
ߵл꣬ŲҲ͵һ١
һ룬˲¶һһѾı顣
üлãһֱҲơ
ˣҲ򵥡
ûʲôĻ˺ܺö
쿴վԼǰл橣ߵԵʣҪͷܶл橵Ŀ⡣
촹䲻ȵʵѣ
л橵ͷԡ
˵⻰ʱлʵǺܽŵģԵˣȻָоΪ֪ᱻܾˣлȴһҲûаա
첻л򴽣ʳһ䣺𣿡
ǽ˺ܶܶ࣬һСĸоˡ
лεĿ⣬΢΢ǰսл橣𣿡
лգգۣò˲ΣˣŶԷɢĵϢҲЩκģ˵ʼĿİǡǵġ
ЦЦѹǼȻˣڸʲô
л橺ص⸶
쿴˵
лֵеǸ
ԣ˵ͷֱ岻˵Ǿж
л̿С磺С硣
СͷǮͳһӣݸɡ
Ҳûֱӽӹһӣת־ͽվԵֲ
⴫ݼ䣬ɸоָü΢šҪѯʣл橾ߵߣڵǸ
һĻл״ʱˡ
лСȻǸˡ
Ǳ̫߳Ҫϡ档
лתһ룬ʹл橵ǸǸӣƺҲûʲôֵˡ
ټл橴СѧãⷽǳĸΪȵȫʳҲᳬ
£ͻȻôһྫºÿӣԷδķʽָң˾л橻ݣҲ֡
οЩʱԻ·ͺЩ̫һ
˿̣л룬лȻ֪˼ȫ˸ϡ
ֵܵǸ֮󣬾ߵ˸ߣǿ𣿡̧ͷ۾Ÿ졣
лӿٶȳлȥ
леĿ⣬䲻ȵ˵ѿ²̫ʡ
лһĹ˲䰵
콫õ
лȴûӣ˵һ䣺ﾱ͸ˣҸʺ
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лȴִܹ˵һ͸㡣
ԣ촽΢򣺡ôԣ
л橵ͷԣ͸ˣδá
̧̧Ƥתְأ
⻰첢˵ģǵĵȷȷ뷨ﾱ˵ûʲôʵô浽ŻȥˣȥǮȥһЩĶ
ϾңڸԣʵЩˡ
л룬ǳֱ˵ҾͰȻ͸㡣
л⻰һΧ۵Ⱥʱһ
С㡭ѲʵһɵǮġԩͷ
Ϊԩͷĸл꣬¶һȻ˵ı顣
ȻСˣͻ̫ӡ
лЩûס˵ʱ治á
ȴ˵ãʵͦġ
Ͼл꽫ձȫʱɵЦҲж
л꣺
ߡ
Сǰ˳л橵䣺С㡭
ڵȸشл橣ֻƳСһۣ
Сʾл󿴡
л橻ͷһѾߵԼл֮˲סˣʲôʱֵģ
СС˵һ䣺С㣬Ҹո˵ġ
л꿴л橣֮ǰ
ش˵ûش
л橷˸ۣϣ촽⶯клͽŲһվл橵ǰ
лһǸĿŸ죬ǳϿҵ˵Ǹø鷳ˡ
Լֳ⻰лҲ˲øϴкˣֱ֣ԼǰסԼߵлʶ˿лֿ꣬˿죬漴ֿ˿лꡣ
л⻰л겻֪ôش˵ʶɣҲ㲻ϣȷ˽ǲǵ
л橼л겻˵׼ʡ
Ҳʱ򣬳ĬõֲͻȻߵ˸ߡ
쿴ֲ
һ룬ֲе÷˵ϣȻ˵棬ס˸֡
л橿һĻȵĵɴ۾Ŀڸֲشתûסʵʲôϵ
л橵ĻʹֲյøһЩ˵ҵķɡ
ֲ⻰һ˵ڣл橸ˣʲôɣָָ죬ָָߵֲǡ
Щţ˵һ飿ûɣ
ʱҲ˹
վֲԱߣл˵Ҵķɡ˵ͬʱƳһлϡ
һµҲۣⷽ˽˵ӣԶ˽м˼
ȻΪ˽򵥣ҲǺܿô˽һһ룬Ҳϲ˿˽
Ϊ˽ķɡ
лЩܽܣˣǼ޸߻ȳˣһʼΪֻϵȴû뵽֡
˲עԴǡ
л橿˵˵ñ
л橺Ļû˵꣬ͱлס죺˵˰ɣ
л橽лְʵʵдˣŸǲʲôԣ˵ҿ԰㣡
⻰һ˵ڣԭлסл꣬ͻȻͣ
л겻뵽ЩЩԡ
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˽޸ֲƺȷʵܵҵв
˽ʵǲԸ
лĳ˼
Ϊʲôл˵⻰֮ǰû˽ǷĸԸ޸ֲⷽȥ
лϸ˼Ƭ̣Ϊһ۾һƳʱڻ˽̫
һҲû¶ԸǱȵ˸֮顣
ҶԷĵ֮⣬˲һֻҪԸ⣬ʲô¶ӭжĸо
˽ȷʵпԣȷʵȲѵĻ
л۾
ĳ뷨Ժڳͷ
ʱлظһ鷽ŵĻǲʲôԣҿ԰㡣
ֲһսġ
оֲ⣬ͷֲ
ֲҲ
ڵش
ֲлáϡԼΧ۵ˣҲڵĻش
֪˽ش
˿ֲֳ̣ǽŵģǲġȻԹĶߣȴ¶˼Ķ
첢ɣһĻش𣬶ԷȻɱϧһС
ȻⲢܳɹ
˵ĵȴ£泯ֲ֣΢ķֲĺ󾱣Ȼ΢ʹֲԼ
һ룬ֲĶһ¡
ֲһ
ںܿʶ˽Ļش֮ĵʪĽ·ӿһů
ȻһůһƬˮȣʵ΢СҲȷȷʵʵģһ˿
ˣǶȵԵʣǿһ˲˽ֲʲô
ΪҴɵĲסǵߡ
ܸоԭܽŵֲƺ
ȻֲʲôԭվֲɣȴŷһĻ
ǳÿ˽һ´Ķǳÿˣ˽ڸоľٶ΢ʱ΢΢βԼβ·Ǳķ롣


20 
һٶǱĻشл橵⡣
лգգ۽ޣգգ۽ޣȷԼûп֮ɲԸ˽ȳгףΪʲô֮
˽л橾˽ӣձгףӦǴССأųʳסжԵЩ׾ݵ
л橵촽΢˵ʲôȴл߬סˣˣˡ
л꽫׼ǰлϵԼߣ΢΢üͷţЩú͵Ҳ֪һĨΪл橣Ϊеһ˿뱻ʵˡ
л橿л꣬ܲϲôʣţʲôбˣˣ
лԣüͷֱ͹
ʱлļ
ĩˣϿл橣ƽҲݺӣһƬǽ壬ҪЩ˶ΧۣܹЩͳ
ⷬ˵֮л橵˲ƽ˺ܶࡣС󣬱л꣬ϵĻ
һΪϵݡ
ΪлʱҲû˶١
лֿһ۸죬ϵĿµͷãġ
Цһ£Ȼһơ
һ룬һֱǱڰӰǾͳ˵С
ϵʾ£ӰʼѸʰϵǽ塣ʱɨһΧЩվԭΧ۵Ⱥڡ
Χ۵İǱһɨּӰϵ彣ţģ׷ʶȤɢˡ
ӣһƬǽձ̯ͱӰɾˡ
ڸ죬ӰʱתѾݣǰãǹĴڵϡ
˵пǹãȻȥ˼֮׻Ǵͷ
ߣл꽫л橴ΪȻǰѷﾱҲлʾ£Сˡ
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ԭҲ׼ݵģͻȻ뵽ʲô֮ĽŲ΢٣űתһ
ߵǰƥķ
ӣЩҹ򻹲ͨ˻ʲôֻΪĺͻȻΪ̫Աձ̯һ¡
ȴĲ֮ԻͻȻǰΪȲܵ˳
ӦǱʲôˡ
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ûгֻ֣пǴ硣
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üۣڱǼ⣬ζ
ûڿŵйձζ
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Լ˵ţͬʱҲʼǸ²⡣
ЩʱЩ飬ɵһˣ㵱ʱˣһ죬µҲٴð


˶¥ľԿ顣
¥£ɺֲҲľԣ֮¡
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ֲǱϤЦݣɵҲչ
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ЩԽԽ࣬غܶ˶֪˽ᵯãõúܺúܺá
֪䣬Щ˶˽ĿҲȻת䡣
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ҹƻһ죬صסϸֵǻᴩշϸǧٹֵߣʱὫƴ򿪣Դӭһεʢƻᡣ
δȢŮҹƻϻͨ⡣
ѻķޣ̳ġ
ȻҹƻỹգصİѾֳﱸ

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ھʲôƻʱ²׿̸ֲձˣڸ˵ܹ޺ġ
Ͼգһ͵ʳֲúܺĿζֲȥҽݣΪ־ֽֿڲԶԿٽʱֲͻ
Դ˺⡣
ֲԸһ㲡֮⣬Ķͦõġ
[ֻһ㲡]ϵͳûסһ䡣
[ʲô]
[ûС]ûзȨ

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һ磬ؾѾһϲķΧ
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ҹƻȻʱʼ
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׾ŴװϾƽͷͶɣΪһ׾ƣ׾ƵĶߡ
˽ľܲȻһĳ̶ȣȴڵ͵ʡ
촩ʱֱԼ׾Ƶĺܵͣȥ֮ȴ˼⡣
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˵С첢ûбۣǰӣĲšһͷ˿ɢԺмƴ࣬ŴⴵķƮš
ֲŸ쿴ۣ˵һš
ûֻ̧̧Ƥ
ֲԣһߵ齱ߡֽ̧ŵ졣
Ȼֵĸ죬ȴûнţסֲ
ֲ졣
Ҳֲ
һ룬콫վ齱ߵֲԼһ
ֲƺŸ죬ƺΪʲôԭ˳Ÿϡ
콫ֲһƣȻһֲѹԼ·
ֱӿֲϣ˫ֲֳ࣬϶µֲ
ϵֲ˲佩ֱˣ߽һɲǼ䣬ĿֱֱĿϷĸ죬ʱȴƿߡ
첻ΪֲķӦЦ㽫ֲ
˵Ƕȼ磬ЩԣҪеġ
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һ𣬻Ūֽе߹ȥš
վŵһŵӣӿһɣȷ˽֮󣬽еŽɣ˵Ǹ˽ţ뾡콻˽
ĩˣӱ𼱻ǵȥһˡ
ԭصɣһӵıӰֿһеţǾ価콻˽Ǿ仰˼󣬻¥


21 
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ϵֲ, о֮˵߱Խ̡
ӵķβɨʱֲǴ, ָⶼ΢΢һ¡
ǲҿϵĸһ㣬ƿ֮󣬾һֱط۽ĿƯƣ߇ɬһ㣬ǲϸ
ֲݲ֪αװӶࡢʵӶı, ܺõȡ|˸, ø˼ֶȤ˼
ǣڽյֲֻһȭͷʱͣ
ѹֲԱߵλãָԼ̫ѨôֲֳĽ޴롣
Ҳ˵, ôϾĿš
ֱ֮, ֲоͣ٣ʶĽĿתصϣŹһ䣺ôˣ
ֲ촽΢, ˵ʲôȴʲôҲû˵
һ˫ЦۣǺ׾ЩСԵʣԷ˫Ưķ͸Щ
֮·ǳǳĺˮ, ӳʵĹΡ
ƽ֮, ʳһҪȥջ
ֲܸоõ, ԼڱԷ
ֲ˵, һ, ֱֲ°͡
ǳһǣѾ˺üΡ
ÿһôֲ°ͣԷɻ΢΢һ·ѵˮǣǾٴΣֲû취ƽ
еЦŨˡ
ֲΪһΣҲ֮ǰÿһһ֮ͽȻصľ롣
һ룬ֲϵģӷǵûԶ룬ǽ˫ֱӸǵ˫ϡ
ٿһ£һɲǼ䣬ֲͫ͵ɪһ¡ȵֲ©˰ġ
αװ
£ֲĸе𾪡
ġе˺ļ١
ŵһ˿ġƵ㴼֮ζϢӶԷĴ֮Ĵٻӿĺ֫ٺ
֪ΪһϢĴ̫ǿΪϵĴֲ̫ԼѸ
ֲ˵һõס
һȨԷռݵĴ
Ȼܰٷ֮ȷֲ˿̵룬ҲܲµһЩ
ֲʵķӦȻ΢΢Ŵҧһֲ촽
᲻أȴʹֲһ˲۽Ҳһһ¡
뿪ֲ˫β΢Цһֻ˻µè

ͬʱߡ
ŵڶŵѾ¥ݡ
¥ķһֻ䡣
¥רŵ¶Ŀշмķɵķ䣬ֲķ档
߹мķ䣬䷿Ĵʱ䷿ﴫһͻЦ
ЦǳȻһϸϸĹӣһֶĸо
һ˲䣬ɾͱЦ˭ͣ˽Ųվԭ˼ŵҪҪǰ
ʱϤ

ǴЩͳɫƽȣҲ˼ɳƸС
֮һ𡭡
ȻҲ͸ˡ
˵֮˵͸ǳǳЦ⣬ƽõɤ˿ȴһ΢Ĵԡ
ɲֱ˴ǡ
վԭصͷһеţ漴̧ͷһбǰĴԼԶһĳķš
ǰǻͷ
˼һ룬ջǾǰ
ȻŲߵǰʱȴһб˲䣬˷ǵĴ˽
ǵģǡ
ɿһǡ
ڡ
Ϊһ仰ֲþ˳Ÿſϵ
ԭλֲϵĸ죬ҲΪֲȻȻֲ|ϡ
ڴǰɣһۣľǴ米š˽ڴϵĻ档
ɽסˡ
û뵽ῴһĻ
ǶȵԵʣֻܿĺ󱳣˽һĴ齱ϣֱۻסĲӣ˫ֽ˴ĺ|
λÿȥ˽ȻǲûʲôȻǽֻһ
Ǵ˿̡
˿˵ĸоǡ|޼䡣
ǿɷǳĿ˽ϵı飬ԼԷǰƤ΢΢ġԵı|졣
رǿβĵطǳɢŨ۽޴ͶĻɫӰΪ΢ĺ죬һֱĸС
һ޾ƣһ
ɵĶʱ΢⣬ӢͦĽüŵҲս˼֡
ڲ
Ҳʱ򣬷泯Ŵ˽
ĿԵɲǼ䣬ɺȻЩţһ͵ֵκ߾ϯɵԺ
ѵøоһ޴롣
ںܿ죬˽߾ʹ˻ȥ
һ룬ɻûɿͽһֲַֻĺ󱳣Ȼ°ʹֲļ򴦡΢΢˫յֲĶߣ촽һţ³֡
֣ᡣ
û˽ڴĶߺʲô˽ĴΡ
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ɡ
ɡ
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Ǿ˽ĺһɣں
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Ǿǡ
ƴ˿˽ӵˣҲ
ֲˣȿŰɡ
˲侪ѣɫһ֣һ˲Ļ뷨ɵĳ̫
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ֲʵ˵һûš
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˵䣬ֲĶϣʹֲһЩ
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ЩӵദѾ㹻˽˽⣬Ѱ߼ܷ˽˼
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˵仰ͻȻ뵽ʲôһĵһ䣺ʶ֣
ֲһѧΡ
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ϵǸóƺ˽Ϊɩɩģ˽ӣǺ˽ΪɩɩɾЩŤЩ̫ʣɴֱֳƺ
ֲ⻰ֿһеţȻ˵Ұɡ
ɵͷһŽֲ
ֲҪȥշһ¥
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סЦһ£˵ġ
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ȥ·ϣֲɣǳİ
ֱߵʱֲȿ˿ڣĪĳţ㻹ǽɩɩɡ
˭Զ
촽΢򣬻һá

ڡ
ڴҼǰҹƻҪշԵ˲ࡣ
ֲֵܽȥʱ򣬾ֻλڿ·
ƹ񿴵ֵܣһ̣¶һЦɣɣֵܿշģ
΢΢һЦǵġ
ƹ¿һɣļ̾˵õۣúøɣ
˵꣬ƹֿվߵֲ͸һ˿ģɣٰҽݵѧͽĸоΣ
ֲصͦõġ
ƹ˵ͷףȥٰҽݵѧͽӳԶȷʵǱձ档㻹ᣬպѧҽ֮Ҳǰ̡
ƹǿֵܳģݹĲ١
˵֮ⷬ뵽ʲô̧°ͣɺֲ˿ʵɣôûληɣ
ֲصЩ׾ƣЩ΢С˵ţֲߵ˷շλãѡ
ƹͷúúáǶ࿴
䣬ƹֲĶС˵һ䣺ҾֻЩǮ
ֲôС
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ֲ˵ƹȴһ˵ҵģ
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ɵ磬⡭
ֲһƹıӰ漴˵ѡշɡ
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пշŮշȣҪ򵥺ܶ࣬ɫ·ϵĻʽԵһһЩ
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ֲȴӦĺܺãصɫʺ˵ֲ꣬׼ȥˡ
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⣬΢΢һ¡
Ҳԣ˽ף˽ʲôߴҲ¡
ߣֲֵշ
һߣĿջڡ
ллżţԶŶԷԽһ㣬˭ƿĿơ
Сվл橵󣬿˿лֿ꣬˿л橣ЩŵĴ˴ָ
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л꣺̫ˣ
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л꣺ôûУֻҪһ뵽л͸˽Ƿţһ뽫л橵Դ˿浽װʲô
ʵû뵽л橻˽ͬһμҹƻᣬǿֻˡ
Ҳ˵˽Ѿǳ׵ˣԷûһݵлһŮңҲԳ嶯
Ҫ֪ص˵Ůӵӷһͬҹƻ룬͵ͬǿӣ
Ϊл橵״磬Ȼܸоóл橶˽⣬Դһ㽺ͳݣŮ֮ϲ
л橾Ȼ͵͵ȥ˽ȥš
ҲˣƫƫлڽŽ˵ʱ򣬱һ䣬ͻشš
ⲻŹ֡
ЩնϢĴٶȺͿϷ˼ָ죬ͻᴫл橿˽ҥ
رŻֱȥңָŵˣ˽λϵġɾֲ
лⷬδ˼ͳ嶯µǶԼǶ˽бġ
ôһл꿴л橵Ҳ¶һ˿л橺ͬһģô̾Ͳôࡣ
л񣬱ЩƵл橣ʱЩˣûУüͷţлʲô񣿡
лü񡣡
лԣһվϰԵս飺лҪ
лЦһ˰ɡ
˱ãģһӮң
лĹĵĿл꣬أǻʳǣԼ£㲻ǰԼң
л̧Ƥ¾Ǻ˽μҹƻ᣿
л橲⣺ʲô𣿡
л꣺˽Ѿףⲻں𣿡
лûл꿼ǵôࣺǺ֣ô˽棬ദ
Ҫǣ֮˽ص£֪˽֮Ի޸ձǸУΪżҵλˡ
㵱ʱ˽˵棬ɱ׽л橵ֱ鲢򵥡
˵ҲãҲգټ˽иͬ˽˵˵
Ул겻л橾磬õǱ̫ˣ߳СƢ
˵ǵ棬˵ΪǵĴ
л׼˼·һ䣺ϲ˽𣿡
л橺ԥĻش𣺡ϲ֮л꣺ѵ㲻ϲ
лһ٣Ժֳ︡˽գ漴е棬㡣
л橵õúá
лЦˣΪϲ
Ȼǡ
Ŷ
úÿл˵Ҽκ˶Ҫÿ
ǳ
ѵ㲻ǣ

лһ˵Ϊҿ˽Ҳܲһ㡣
л꣺
ԵΪʲôлڸĵط񣬲ĵطȴֱ׼
л橼л飬֪Լ¶ˡ뵽ձ̯ǰԼֳ˽ʱַӦлͻȻ˫ֳϣ˶лꡣ
㹻ɻɣضԭ򣬾Ϊ˽
ͻȻл橣˼лüͷһлǲǵΪô˿Լȴ˱ֵĶˣ
Χȫ̵С״ĬĬ˵һ䣬үСĳǺ񰡡
ͬΧȫ̵ϣ鵭Ȼĺűе衣
лĻȣͬԵϣƽһԵЩ롣
һ裬л橻׼׷֮ǰ˵һ䣺дһţӦҲ͹ȥ˰ɡ
лͷ֪л橸ɳĺ֮󣬾д˷ǸȣӦѾ͵ˡ
ĩˣлԹԵֹһ䣺Ҳ֪ûС˵⻰ʱ¶һ˿Լûв⡣
Ͽлһۣ漴ɫջĿ⡣
ϵһлҲ׷ʵԺתͷС˵˵μҹƻᶼҪߣȥߡ
СȻǵͷӦõģС㡣
лˣЩģ߰ɣϽġ
˵ţͿ뿪ż䡣
СȵҰСһһ߼ӿٶ׷ȥ
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ϵͷ漴վ

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շ֮뿪ȥѡˣֲ˼ҡ
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еӣʱ欣ʱȴ䡣
ַǳȫȻ뷴ʣȴַǳìܵϵͬһ˵ϣ˷ǵûͻأһ֡Ҫһ㡢ٿһ̽
ڣֲѾܽеǰһ˽ȫֿˡ
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ֲЩ쿴һۣЦЦ˵Ϊ⼸յĽӴӦѾ˺ܽҸô
ֲԶһ£촽΢ܿ˸ߡ
״ü
ᣬӹֲеı֮շһһɫ
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һ۸еȻշȥֽ
ѡ𣿡
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ԣȲŻһѡߡ
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ǻȡ¸Եߣ¶ݡ
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ҹƻһգֻҪδȢδ֮˵ŮϵϺ˿
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ӣȻǲϵϺ˿
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ֲ˵˰飬˼ңģҲһ׮ǣҡ
У١
Ȼ¶档
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һɶ˽ʼն
һҲֻᵣ˽š
һܵܶ˽̬ȣȣ˷ǳ΢Ĳͬ
뿴Ľ
΢Сͷ


22 
ֲĻɳĬˡ
ճɼҡ
Ļǰջʱ, ˵
ͬĻڶ
ɲɵǸչҵ, ˵ǷǳһֶĹĺ⡣ôڶΣ֮ԵıĲһԼ⡣
һ˫ء
ɴֲµ˴Ϊ˿վڴԵӡ
粢˽ཻ̫
ʵϣտ˽֮, ɾѾھܵıλϵɩɩӴ
ҲԼ, Ҫע˽ľ룬˹վǱְҹĴ㡣
ΪֻҪְҹ࣬ͿסǱߵ̡ͨһҲԸһЩǰհǰ˺
ԭ, Ǵҹƻ֮, Űߴ磬ڣɾ»Խ˵Խá
뵽, ɱ׼ְҹĴ˵˳
ֲ󣬲û˵˼Ƭ̣ʵ, 𣿡
ɵͷ
ֲ, Ҳٶԡ
ں˿, Ҳ˳ƽҹˡ
ֲ˵ȥ߰ɡ
ֲһá

ϡ
·԰ŵ̯, ƽ, ˽
ȻҹƻῪʼмʱǽѾʮ֡
ܶ˶շһЩͲСŸԵ׷֣Ľ飬졢Լֽжÿ
ÿ˵϶һֽյϲá
ǳĻƽǰȥܡ
Ȼˡ
ֲڽֵϵʱһЩ˵߾ͷ·ܿưģͶ˵ϡ
ֲϲ˽ϵĿ⣬ЩĿ⻹Ƕ⣬ǵĺ滹ǿֵζϲ
ֲµ촽գסֱ֣һߵ̯λһԵӵ˵ס֣ȴûɿ
ƫͷֲѡƺЩ̫㡣
ֲԣɿס֡
һѶɨһߡ
ֻкɫɫ򵥣ȴ̻ʮִ
ֲΣ
ֲӦûܺÿ
ЦһҸ뿴
ֲң
콫ߵݸֲǸġ
ֲʣأ

ֲԣͷһеߣ漴̧ɨ̯λϹŵߣһ룬Ҳһߡ
ߵɫǺףǺףֲĺߵݸ졣
ӹߣбֲһۣǾˡ
ֲǮø콫ֱӴϡסһ˵ĴһͿԵȥ˵Ŀ⡣
еߣҴ
ֲͷӸߣӽ⿪ףΪߡ
ջֵʱҲ֪Ļģȵָ˸Ķ⡣
ˡ
ÿ𣿡ʵ⡣
ÿֲȴ档
⻰ԡ
ߵ˽ֻ¶˰Ư˫£Ǿµ°һҪģϸϸĦĳ嶯
ֲôţҲȷʵôˡ
űָ򥣬ָȶȴ˸Ƥϡ
£ֲ봹۽ͶӰ۾˼ĪС
ôŸ죬ָỺĦŸ°ͣһ΢ġԵ֮⡣
һ̣·ûαװ
ϸһֻ֣ᷢǸгĬʵֲƺƽûʲôͬ
һ룬ֲ׼ջֵʱ򣬸ȴסֲ
ֲϵ¶ȣƫֲͣƤȻָһת΢΢ͷֲĦָһ¡
һɲǼ䣬ָ⴦Ĵһ΢ĵ˳ֲִĺ
Ϊڵֲ˽ϵı飬ܴ¶˫ƯķһֽұĹ⡣
һĵޣȻ˭ֻһʱϷʣ֮⣬⡣
ֲ촽΢㡭
ɿ֣ӹĻʲô
ֲҡͷ룬ջûн˵ȥûʲô
ҲûҪ׷ʵ˼˵Ǿͻȥɡ
䣬˽Ųʱķߡ
ֲһӵıӰִһ۱Է˫ǹָ⡣ȥ۵׵ָƻعƵһ£ǹһĨǳĻȣţ̧Ÿ˸졣
ֲ͸뿪̯λ֮󣬽ֲĻһЩˣûסС̸
˽ôֲܵ׽
ѽϵģģҲ֪һЩ
ȷʵһҲ
ȻЩ֮󣬺ֱܿһЩѹסˡ
˾һָôˣ
ǹܺԼɣ춢˲ţһƵģԣҿӦúǣ
ǣ˽ֲǳ׵ķ򣬾˸׽£Ҳģֵõ˵ĵ𣿡
˵⼸ˣŶǶʮӣ֮ǰĿ˸쵯õˣԴձ̯ǰΧ֮Щ˾ͳ˽ʵάߡ
˵˽ĲǣǾ̲סһ䡣
ʱ̯λĶ¥һŶɫĸˣ
˽뿪ıӰиֳһĨԵ
ˣ˽úܲ˵վһλһŮӡ
¸Խܵĸףżҵҷˡ뵽Լ˵ҪϾĸӹϵĶӣһֱ߶˽ɷݶЩŤ
Ҳùġ߬﷢ġ
˴ô
һһ룬ͻȻ뵽ʲôϸֳһĨݣҼǵλɻ˰ɡ
ǰջġ
סһ𣿡
ǵġ
϶ĻشϵĿ˼˼תԼʮ˵̣ǰмҽȥ
ǰյϵߡ
ܿ죬ϱֻ˲̶˵˼仰
Щ𾪵۾ˣҪô𣿡¶һ˿̡
ЦһȻ
Щԥ᲻̫ˣҪǱүү֪ǡ
̵Ļû˵꣬žһͱϽʵʵһƣǣͨ죬ٶ
ű̹ڵϣ
Уȴ˼ֱ
˱ǷǳǿӣԴӷ֪ԼɷͶӶͬʱ˽֮ƢͱԽĹŹ֡һ㲻˳ĵ£ͻᱩŭƢ
ҲԽԽˡ
ֻһˣŷ޶һʧԼȴҲΪ
ϲ֪룬Ӷα˽
ԭΪ˽޸ֲܿ˽ֻҪ˽ģ̹
û뵽ǣ˽û¶еʹ࣬ӿúģϼֱ޷ܡ
ųɵĻķ˽ĶӡųķҪųɲףҪһĲ߻˽ùȴѡ
Ծͼǵã˽Ķϲ֮ǲ¶ĵ
һַĴһ㣬ݺϵ
ÿÿһ뵽Ķʼۡ
ض˽ù
һ뷨֮һ漴ڵϵ̵ҹƻᣬһᡣ
̴ͷ֪˷ˣһᰴԸģ齻ȥ
ϵͷǵǶɾ㡣
ֻҪɾˣҲ֤ݣ㱻³ĻʹģҲá

ҹƻȻʱʼǻһӲŵʱʱصĴ˼ңѾȼ˹ſڵֽơ
չ
ߵбȫɢȥɫΪһ֮С
컻շִ˺ߡ
ǺɫģҲǺɫշ䵽һԵʮֵĺг
˴ԵЩĺɫշڸȴĺÿĺ췴ƤĵԽİϸ壬ѩ̽ĺ÷ͤͤ
ֲҲܿ컻շһߡ
һͬ¥ʱѾ¥µŵɿ֮Ҳòϣ˽ʮֵǶԡ
ֲɣ𣿡
ɵˡ
ֲͷ߰ɡ
ֵϣָĻĿ
Щɫʰ쵵Ļ£ŮСˣշǧٹֵߡ
½룬ηǻá
ضƳһЩصøС
ֲǰ棬һ˵ĺ档
ʱСŴӸֲǰ˹һèߵСͯΪ̫ܵ죬СĽײһ
ںɣۿ˽ԼߵʶҪסȻָ⻹ûӵĺ󱳣Էͱһȷסˡ
ֲŵĿŸûˣ
˵䣬ķڸ󱳵Ҳƶһ£ֱۺĺ󱳣εԼı۰¡
ҡͷû¡
վںɼ״ȥֶʱһ˲Щε˻
С֮󣬲֪ΪΣǰĴ˽ͶԹҹƻûʲôȤɣӲ˶ӵĻ¶
˽Ƿ޵Ĺϵ˵󣬶ٸоЩĲڡֲڻɲһԼǶĴ
ϲָо
Ҳôں棬һ֮һ㿴Ŵ˽
գɻǳ硣ֲֲͷ֮˵һȥط
⻰ֲȻûɾܾǺʱᰶʯ档
ɵ˵ͷ漴תһȥ
ֲɵıӰ뵽ɷʶĶ΢΢ۡ
뿪󣬸ֲйš
Ȼ˽ԭļ䣬ҹƻᣬȴһι䡣
ϲųִŨĵطɫĽգҲַԼǿĵƻȤ
Ǳݣ˵εıݸⲻͬ죡ȥ˾ռλˣȺͻȻ˺һ
⻰˵ĺģ׷׳ǰȥ
ֲ״׼ȥǣ˽ӱȺɢȻһ룬ĸź޳ߵ˾ͳ󣬷ǳǿӲס֫Ҫߡ
ֲһ䣬׼ʰ⼸ˣȴڿ˽ס֮󣬸ı⡣װܷһ㣬⼸˽ˡ
ոǱߵˣǲҴɣ
ӦǣҿȳЩҲҴɺ񡣡
Щ˺ö˶˵ôҪץֲĪʲôң
ֲһձģʲôң
⻰˵ãֲûУûУ
ɣϣҲˣɾΪƸ˴򶷣˴
ҿǵ˼ɻˣͽҹƻö֣
ô˵ֲǱܵǣˣ
ҪҪ٣
㣬ô˹ƶйأ˭ЩֻҪֵ̫󣬾Ͳʲô¡
Щ˵Ѿֲߵķ׷ȥ
Χʵ̫ˣӵӵģûжԶľ룬ǴȺֲʧڣѾ˲ʱ䡣
[С죬°ɣ]
[ᣬҸոпһ⡣ûĻǶӦ롣]
[˼ֲǹⱻץģ]
[š]
[ΪʲôѲ뿴᲻Ϊգ]
ֹԭ
[ӦûҳĻ֮ˡ]شϵͳ
[ԭˡ]ϵͳˣֲСԸ׷ǣȴװһͨ˸еٶȡ
ûϵͳעתصʵС
ʱվڵߵˣòСš
ոǼҲ̫˰ɣֱӽߣ
ҿǱߵеҴɡ
ǸҪ˴ȥɽɽڵǸ
Ӧǵġ
˵Ŀ˵ɨڶ࿴ǵһۺѸٳȥ
һߡ
ͬһʱ̣Ŀ·ϵɣҲߵ˴类ߵϢ
ɽ£
뵽ץߴ˿ĳңɵһݣٶȸȥ
Ȼɸϵɽº߽ȴûпӰ
谵һɵ̴ζ
ܺܰżҹĴڳ¾ɵľϣ˸֨졣
߾裬ڵȥ
ȻŸոߵսǣ͸оͷЩǣҲЩʺͻɢ
ԴʶҡһͷŻеĻУܷӦе̴⡣
סȥã鿴¯Ҳɴһ˲䣬Ǳڹ·ͻȻȥһƬۡ
ֱһᣬסۡ
Ȼһ룬ڰһ˳ɵֱһӽܵӰˡ
ߡűӵˣһۺ󣬵˵ͷһѸӽһǽ¯㻻һ־д|Ч㡣
ЩֶһۣͬʱڵĺԺ
Ӹһи̾ɻǲңһñԼķɺԼܵܵǽǡ
Ҳ̾ˣȻѾˣ͸Ͻ뿪
˵öԣߣǻ·¥Ⱦȥ
һ˵һ߳
ûãʺܺõɾͽӻԴѹۣԼ֫סˡ
е̴ζѾɢȥˣȡ֮һδŹζ
ɸоԼȣⲢԼʲôǿ壬ñס˫ֽŽϵӡ
״̬ɲѴ֮ܽŪȻ֫׾ٵ飬˿ȴЩѡ
òرĸӣЩɲڽ⿪
ϵȻǽ⿪ˣʱƣ¶ȴԽԽߡ
뾡뿪
˫׼ʯվһŲ
һ룬һӰ߽谵ޱȵ
ͬʱһϤ
ֲ


23 
ֲ
ʮö, ģƿչ
˿̣ɲûö, ΪϤý
̧ͷſڵķȥߵı¹⣬ڹκͺڰĽĸӡݵеľ͸һʵķ
һĺ£ǡ纣İޡ
߸ΪһصұС

ìȴϡ
˽
, üͷȴ
Ϊʲôƫƫʱ˽
뿴Ӧü, λϵɩɩ˽
Ҳ֪Ϊʲô˼άȣɷԼһ⣬ȴΪ˽ĳ֣ӿԽˡ
λڻ谵, λϵɩɩһԼ
ۿԷԽԽ, Ҫ˵ȴȻԼĺȻɬޱȣǱյһ㣬Ȼʱ޷һ
һһʼǸ㣡
漴뵽˿лƮɢŵζ, ɫ˲ˡ
ʱ˽Էߺһֲ֣
͸ЩĳɣƺΪڰ, ԷǱ߿ģ, ԲŻЩȷ
뵽Լϵ, СĲͬʶԭһϻ, ӦǱϼƴ˻ˡ
һı
, ߣܳԼó˽
Щִһ𣬱֮˵ĿȻң
Է˽ɩͨ|飡
ɵ͵һ
Ϊ˵类ץ
˽Ϊ硣
Ͷʹ޼ɫշڻ谵ĹϸĻҲҹɫշơ
ʣĻ֮˽ΪǴ硣
뵽⣬ɵĺҧˣָҲ߬ƴվҪԶ˽ľ룬Ȼով֮󣬽ŲδŲ˽Ѿߵߡ
Էһס󣬡ֲ
ɵ͵һǴһ㣬ɿ˦˽֡Ϊ̫嶼ǳȵ
ܿ죬ֱԷסˣֲ̣ôˣ
˵ֻٴѣܾ˽κε֫Ӵ
˽ϵζڵ纣һ㷭ӿΪͣĶͷϷϸܵĺˮҲԽĸ|ʺͽ|ơ
ʱ˿̣ǹŶɣޱ˫ֻסģ治ܰٷְٱ֤ʱԼܲܿסȥӵǰӡ
ӻڶŴ֣ѯǳʲô⣺ֲ㵽ôˣ
ɵ߱ĪЩŭͬʱüͷҲԽ̡۽üҵϸﶼ޲˵һͣܿϧǣڰĻ˽ûп
Ϊ˱ѣҲΪ˲ԽԽܿƣҲ˲ôˣֱӾݺݺҧԼ촽
£ϵʹʱһ
ҲݵĿյٶ˹̨ߣֱ۽ȼյ¯ɨϣ˫Ž
һ˿ǻ֮ɱŹ̨ľḻ̌£ڴ֫ٺϢԽĵͳͼ١
ֻҪٹһЩʱ䣬һ£ڵͻɢȥ
Լ˵š
ʱΪ˽ƺҲǷһ˿ԾԷٴοʱֵҲһʼĳɣֲ
Щѵ̧˳صƤٹһٹһֻҪٻָһЩվ뿪ȥĵطúŴֵ˽˭
öԷ۾úÿǴֲĹˣɡ
[С죬Ҿöڿ϶ַơ]
[Ӧðɡ]
ϵͳĻע·ɵϡٴǰڲΪŵֱ֮󣬸
ûκζǾôⰵ¿ɡ
ڸĿע£ʶס˺ԷϵߣɸоһǱȵĻյ|⡣
£òЩ¶ȣٴλͬʱͷϵĺˮҲķ˿ʪм࣬Ǳĺ
ϱԷӰ֣ΧĿŶԷϵϢζǺŨ֣ȴǴڸʮ㣬ϵıǼ޷ӡ
ﰵһ
¯Ѿ𣬰˵˼ܵӰ죬Ȼ˿̣ȴΪ˽ˣ޷ȫѡ
ԷϵϢһֻһ㣬֮ḧࡣ
ɵ촽⶯ţſڣ㡭
һΣʼɢˣܷˡɵĺ¹һ£ǳеٴοڣҡǡ䡭ֲ
ܼǻȴΪɤδȫָ˵úܻܵͳÿһƴӺﻺһ㣬ɳޱȡ
⼸˵֮͸ء
ԣ̧֣׼ȡϵߡ
΢ָ⣬Ϊȡߵ߶ӴǷ̵Ķʱɵ͵һס˫ֺݺ߬ˡ
һ۾ƺƽֱ߱ȡ֮ٴۡ
캰֣ɡ
һ䣬ֵΪʲôأ
֮ǰȣԸĮȻһЩ
򴽣صҲ֪
ü֪
ɴһĩˣһ£ֽԼ֮µǰ˵˳
󣬲̲˵㲻ܴͦôô׾У
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еķиˡ
ᷢչȷʵЩˡ
쿴һɱס˫֣漴վתȥһ롣ˤѿ֮󣬼һƬ߻صߣ̧һ¡
ԣ˫̧ڸǰԷܸõĽϵĽڸϡ
Ҳ˵ϻǳж
ڸƬڼ䣬ΪҪʹֲɱĦ|ɵ֡
ɵüĽ彩ֱ˾ǱѨһ㣬һ
ףȥǰڰӡ
ȻˣԷֲⲻɱĦ|֮䣬ɵĺɲܿƵıˡ
ݱ仯ٴһ㣬ٴҧ˺
ֻϣϵܿ㱻⿪ɲԼԽԽ졣ڼôȥɾԼһԽĲڣĳЩĪҲԽĲܿơ
Խ룬Խ
ʱͻȻ˵֪Լںʲô𣿡
ʶصʲô
˵֣⬡ЦһʱҪըһ㡣
ɣ㡭
ȴ˵ˡͬʱϵҲˡ
ɲһ˽ֻ˲ʮʱ䣬ȴһʱȥ˺ܾõĴ
ڣϵǽˡ
ûƬһ֮վӦҲҷͷȥҡ
ĵ鲻Ųңݴݺ򶨲ɶ࿴˼ۡ
ʵϣʵЩ˽ҹԭΪ˽ΪգǶԷȴ
ɲ˵΢һôûָ
˸컰еϷ֮⣬ջߣȥԺȥƫÿֱԺĿԸԵģԺҲΣա
û˵תƫõķȥ
ɿŸıӰ룬û˵һ䣺СһЩ
Ȼ⻰Ÿ˵꣬谵ĻͻȻһ⣬ͬҵļ˲䳯Ÿȥ
ɵͫ͵Сģ
Ҫǰƿ죬ȴû뵽עȫڸϵһɲǼ䣬ַɳһ⣬ϸ뻮ƿֱֱĶǡ
ʱһɴʹ˲ɵȫ
һ룬ԴͿʼûָٵֱֱǰ¡
ˤڵϡ۾ϵһ˲ɿͬڵϵ˽
ϣ|ҩ
²ɵԺ֮ʧȥʶ˹ȥ
ߡ
ͬǻԹȥȴʶռϵͳ˵
[С죬úúҲù]
[ôԴԼϱأ]
[Ūʲô]
[Ѳ׼ʲôͷϷ]
ϵͳ𽥱ÿ
£ȻϵͳţȴҲЩ΢ơ
谵Ĺ
źߵӻӰ߳˵ȣ߼Ķ΢Щٻ
¶İǷɫĴճһֱߡ
һ˵ڵϵĸ졣
ߵ֮Ŀ˻˯ĸ죬˵һ䣺˽ҵķɡͳԣưܵҰĹ֮£͸һƫִͲ̬
ô˸һȻֽϰסøĺ󱳿Լֱۡ
ţȡ˸ϵĺߡ
һĻ˯֮գֲ̧һֻ֣űָỺĸ|Ÿϸ||ա
Ķᣬ΢΢µ۾һַǳרעӡ
ָ˳Ÿ沿£ͣ˸°ʹǵ뻮Ƶ˿ԡ
˿ںС˿ڴֻ˼ɺ졣
˿ڣǵûƻУΪ˼ִ|Ű
ſţֲ񲻽Щ
գָһ˿ϣָĨȥ淺ɺ죬Ȼڸ⾫µ°һǡ
ĩˣóһ˿ϵ˸۾ϣ˿סߡ
Щֲ֮ĴṴһ£漴ס˸ϸ֫˺ᱧ


24 
ֲ챧ƫһľ, ڴ֮ǰѾϸɨȥľϵĻҳ
ڵϵӣֲ봹ڵ, ḧմķ˿ôĦ˼֮Ž⼸µķ˿õ˶
ĩˣֲջ֣תȥڵ󷽡߽ѪȵĺԺҲûڵϵ, Ǽһӡ
, ӽиô
뵽⣬ֲ΢΢һ£ת뿪˺Ժ
ڵԲˣֲδҪǵֻ˵ϿһڣȻҩͿǵ˿ڴ
ʵҩۻδʵ
ΪֵĶ, á
˴ӻʱ, ǽϳɵ֢ʲôǵãֻ֪΢Ц˵ĴҲ, Ҳգֻ΢Ц
Ǹеĳͷ
ֲ߻ƫȻڸ˵ס֣ڸֱһ, Ȼӽ˫ְ
ò, ϵúܸ, ׽⿪
Щ, ̧ŸԵ˯, Ỻ˵ңʵܿĵģǡĻͻȻһתһĨ㷽һʼʱϴˡ
֣ҵܵܽʱֽӴ˺óʱ䡣ֲ˵⣬̾һ֪ѽҲ뿴κεĽӴκεġϸ΢Ĵԡ
[ѽѽСв]
[㲻֪]
[֮ǰֵûͦû̫]
[˵ˣ֪ͿС˵᲻ʲôͷĿҺá]ϵͳĻû˵꣬ͱˡ
ûϵͳ룬ĶҲ徻࣬ʶռעȫֲߡ
׿̸Щ뿴ֲú˿ס۾ס˫ֵģʲô
ţָٿһ¸оһʹΪݴʹӻ˯
ŵĺ˿ס۾ȥߡǰһƬڰ£о˴ֲѹϢ
Ŷ˶Ȼܻһ֣󴦵жҲЩʹʲô
ȻֲϷ档
ʵ˭
ֲջһ󽫸ѵ룬ûлش⣬ǽַ˸ֱϡ
Ŀ䵽ΪѪָ⣬ʳһ䣺𣿡ֲЩɳƣ⾭仯ɫ뷽ŸʶȻͬ
첢⣬Ȼֲú˿ס۾ȻܻԼԭ˵

ֲŪε£Ҫ㡣һ˯һڹ棬ʱ˫ֻ
𣿡ֲ첻˵һ顣
˭ҲͬŵĻ˵һ顣
ֲЦһѹζĻصǰĽˡ˵꣬΢΢һ£˵Ҳǳͷˡ
ĩˣȸ˵ֲָ˸ǷѪҺָ⡣ĨȥɺѪ飬ȻմȾѪָ˸˫
Ϊ컭֬һ㣬ڸĴỺĨͿĶǳĻǳϸ£˹͸һ||
ֱ˫𽥱죬ͣԼĽ
ɫշɫ˿ԼɫĴ
»鵱ʱֲ;λɺʺϺ£ǴòÿԵ׵ɫ˽ȴԵôơǡ
ֲϲɫ
߸׼ȷһ˵ϲ˽ϴɫ
ⶌĺ죬ӵķɫѩһס
ֲһҪȥ|׵ļ|Ħ÷|ĳ|
ֲôţһҲ֮ж
ǰӰľϵĸֶǹġϢҲ˸ΧĿС
ָĦŸգȻ󻺻˸򥴦ס°΢΢̧
˽ϿҺ޴룬Ȼֲ΢Щʧǣλɱֵ̫ˡ
ǴƵĻ£Ҳû¶˿ĺº;֡
ֲЦͻȻЩ棬Ҫĳ̶ȣܿ˽
Цʲ
⻰û˵꣬͸оԼ˫ϱһƬȵ
ֲ״˫|
û̽룬ֻǾô棬ô|ĥ䡣
Ҫƫͷܿȴֲ˫һסգ롣
첻ˣֲĴ|ĥ
£ֲͣ
ֲ˽ŽڳٳߵգͺǰһģΪȴܸһȫȻͬĸоһֽĶ|ռ
ֲ˫΢򣬴ݼϢĺЩ΢΢ķĺһ£Ҳ˸ĺ󾱡
һ룬֮ǰһ
ֲҲһ¸°ͣ´һǵС˿ڣĳϢҲ˳˸Ƥϡ
˫ţ˿µ۽һ¡
ֲȻûдһĻĴ΢΢һĨȡ
սĶߣἫ˵һ䣺ȻǱȼ޸ֲģǰɱˣǲǸøлң
û˵
ĳĬֲһĨ衣
ֱֲߵ󣬽˫ִ˸ļϣ㲻˵Ĭˣһ˵úڸ򴦵Ҳ°ѹ
ƺڼʲôֱ϶
ڵ˽Ļش
⣬⽫ͷ
ȴĿ϶ֲջ˷ڸϵ֣ţһѷذ׳С
оһӲұĶĲ
۾סˣҲѲ³һδʵذס
ذȻδʣɢĺ⣬ȴǱģͨԴȻѾǱ
вȴͻȻЦذףֲʻעƺش𣿡΢Ϊʲô
ֲ΢΢һ٣Щû뵽ʱ˽ȻЦóסӡתһ룬ֲ־ӱˡ
Ӳܵвݴݺ͵ȻҲֲԽ棬ĵ˽㡣
ذ׵ǰӵĲ˵֣ͳشҵ⡣
ֲķɣɱֲΪҪл㣿ʣΪǱȵģ
ֲѵɻ𣿡
ͦڵ
ͦ⣿ֲһ˲˽ʵ뷨Ŀڸ첱ذ׶ʶ˼֡
˿̣ԼûѾ򵥵Ļشɢȥ˺ܶࡣ
ֱ˽˵û
ֲĻ÷óԣҺϲ
ֲذ׵ֽסˣͫ͵ɪһ£һɲǼ䣬αװΪ


25 
ķһ䣺𣿡
ֲ˲Ĭˡ
ڴ֮ǰ, ܶԭ򣬵û뵽ԭȻ
ֻΪ÷˺óԣԾڵ
ֲذջص, Щ΢
ú˿˽۾סˣԿ˽۾ֳǴӴ˿˽沿ֲжϵóԷ˵仰ԡ
ҲΪ˽⻰滰ֲŻЩ΢
, ʵ븴
ֲ΢΢ü, ˼˼룬ٴߵ˽ǰľϰӡ
ңҲ¡߱ڵ, ˫ֱ, ҲһִĵȻ
һʼΪԷõķ˿Ĵ´ɢķβ谵ҹɫ衣
ֲ, һƷ˿ָڷ˿ϻ|ơ
ҹܳ
׿ı̸ԸôŹ˽
뵽˽ɵĻ뵽Ħһ, ֲɫ˳, ĳͷûʼ
˼, ջ, ͻȻ뿪
û, Ų
ȥֲһ侫޵ĺ
ٴߵǰ仨ڸıǼ⣺Ϊժġ
ʵʲô
ֲЦЦڸ˵ܿͻ֪ˡ
֮պá˸ڣ⿪˸շϵ¿ۡ
촦ӱȫ⿪֮󣬸ĲͬҲȫ|¶˳
ϸ˳ĲӺ;СɵǣӳֲУ촽΢˸򥡣
˵͸оҲ౻Ƭȵˡ
ֲ˫
ͦü΢΢š𣬲иķӦֲƤ˱|
Ǻᣬ˵мֹصζΪþۼøԡסգһַֻŸļ
أŨ۽޴䣬͸Ӱڵͫףøӵ䡣
Ϊ˸㣬סյ֣ƶЩָŸ򥣬ʹĲ߸õ¶
ųͷζǣøĺüһЩ
תֲøɬĪ⣬ͬʱֲҲһʮìܵ
һЩŭ˽һķһ棬ȴ|ڴ˿˽Ĳ¸̵ĺۼ
ֱòֲ֮ͣ
˽Ĳµĺɫۼ΢΢ԣҧ˽ƤԼĳݺۣ̫ۡ
ֲպõĺóڱǼһ£űֱӽ仨֭
ס۾ĸ죬ֲʲôȴͨŻζŨ̶ȣжϳʲô
Ū֭
⻨ζǺеζ
ǵרˮ֬ԭϡ
λáˡúʲô
ɫ΢ϵԷ飬Щʲô
ֲ£ҲӦ֤˸Ĳ²⡣
ֲմȾźɫָ֭Ÿľ࣬˱۵λΧġһ仨ꡣ
ġĶÿһĨǳϸº档
ܷǳĸоֲǴű֣΢ĺ֭ҺƤϻġ
ָȺͺ֭Һ䣬֯һ𣬰һ΢ĸоø޷ӡ
λáˡͦģ
ЩζЦˡ
֮Ǽסˡ
ҲҪѧֲⷽϼӱʵһ顣
ֲġģһɫڸĲγɣȾĺЩʵģȴұޡ
ֲջ֣ǳĿһʢĺͳ͸ɳƣ͸һԼĳͻϲÿ
⻰˵û룬һ󼱴ٵĽŲ˵
ƾ֮쳣ֲӽŲһ˴ʮˣ֮⣬Ůӵ˵˵ἰ˽֡
ֲԺֳִ︡Ҫ˽õŮӡ
뵽ǵһ֡
л橡
뵽ӡ
ʮҲڡ
ֲüͷ΢΢һ壬һľϵӣȻܲ˽˿ڻǱ|¶ʱ
ֲס񣬳Ĭһ˲Ѹʧԭء
ͬһʱ̣⡪
죡ͷҿÿһ䶼Ҫ©л橷ǳеķԸϵӰǡ
лȻûл橱ֵǰżҲЩš֪صһЩ˿ֲץߣ˽ȥʱж಻
˽ദʱ̺̣ܶܶ˽ֻһƼˮ·ˣɲ뿴˽κΣա
лã֮Ϊ侲ġ̤ѸɨһȦܣڿ赹ڵϵ֮Ŀֳ︡һĨл˵ȥұߣȥߡ
л̵ͷã䣬лѸٳߵƫȥڵδѵɣĵķΧ֮ڡ
Ͽһл꼱ҴҵıӰ漴ջߣһ̣ǳģʵʵȴЩӡ
˽ûκιϵҲǰµӣȴ˽ܻΣ֮󣬲һ˿š
£ٳ˰ӰΪлЩǲϣ˽¡
ЩЦ£˽ʵǲ죬ǵӡҲ֮١
ʱ䵹ˣǾԲԼһ죬Ȼֺֿܳõ¡ʵȴǣлһͬ
ҡҡͷԺе˼ʱһߣתȥҲࡣ
ȥҲл꣬ĵ߹սǣһƫڵƹ֮£̤żһ۾Ϳľϱ˫ֵӡ
л걾õһʱ߹ȥΪӽ⿪ϵӣȻ˿̣ȴЩ㶵վԭأĿֱֱϣЩʧһ㡣
ЩƵĹһͷ˿ⴹ䣬շɢӨ׵Ĳӡһɫ
۾ɫ˿סֻ¶ֱͦı״Ư˫ԼǷһ˿Ѫ۵򥡣
¹͵ƹĽ֯£ϵĹӰʵ꣬һɢĶ
Ĵ΢΢ţƾҵƫ֮У͸һұ⡣
һ̣лĺһһֱеӣڵķʳһ˭
лŴӷԳݵĶع
ӦлѸǰЩŵ˵ġ
죺лꣿ
лһϲ˽Ȼһ¾ңæصŶ渶ȡ۾ϵĺ˿
ڴ˹ָⲻɱĴ˸գûʲôӦлĶ΢죬ݲĴ
һ˽ôĽ
̶̼ӵʱ䣬л˵ȴǹ˼ʱһ
Ȼý˿ȡ֮лһ΢ʧ䡣
ܿȥе˿ʱУᡣ
̧̧Ƥˡ
л꿴˸һۣڶϸĿ֮зɿƿ
лֿ촥ϵʱллɻ
磬ʲô
л֮Իʳ⣬ΪߵĽǶȿȥĴڸ˽һ㡣
л֮⣬ͬлһϣԼӰŵġոմӻѹġֲҲͬˡǶȶӾƫ


26 
лɻдžȵ, л͵һ٣ͷһ˵Ŀⶼߡվֱ, ٳ˫ֽ͵˽ɰ󡣡
лԣһԭѽһΪոա
лû˵ȥϾǴСһ𳤴ãл껹ǴԼõ˼
лЩΣм˵΢ϲøСȭڴһ, л˵, Ҳᡣ
˵⻰ʱһλлԵֲȻ⻰Ҳڶλ˽ϵķ˵
ֲȴûл꣬˵ǿҲûֲߴӿľϵ֮, δƿֺ
û˲, һ˸죺ɰ󡣡
ֲ߽֮лֻܽλó
ֲӵʱлվԱţ֪˭ģ
, ΢΢һ¡
˭ģ
Ǵ˿ɰĺù
ҡͷ֪
лüͷ΢š˼¾Ǳ򵥡
䣬֪ͻȻ뵽ʲôһ۸򥴦С˿, ֿһǲĺ, ֳ︡һĨҵĻ֮, ҶȻŹ
Ѿ⿪ֲ, л˵仰, ΢գ̧һۣһ䣺ҵ£˷ġ
лһüͷʱøˣл橾ЦһֲҴӰ㣬ǰѣڶ˯ڵϣǵܵһʲô֪أ
֮´ֲһۣǳ˵ˡֱԣ˵ʲô˷ģܱ˽𣿡ƲƲ죺˵µ򣬻Ϊ㱻ץ
ƽʱл˵л꣬ϣǡ˵ֹԡ
Ȼ£˶û֨
ֲ߬ȭ
һĨɬлúܵˣиʱͬ˽ദóȻǰ谭˽ദ˵֮ĳЩƻ
˿ֲ̣˷״̬л橵ĻʧĶŭһ㡣
ڳ֮УҲΨиֲıʡ
վⱳӡ
뵽л˵ûϵֲڲ˿ͻȻ뿪ľٶԼΪʱ϶һ˿ڣ㽫µ˸߰ˡ
ֲӦлǷ֮ǰ͹װ˻ԵӣýΪһˡ
뵽⣬쿴һֱֲǱƵ˿ڣ
ԼԼ
ֱӣҪʲôʱ֮Ҳɣֲ¡
ߵֲߣһԼһ˵뿪
ֲԣ̧
ʱһֱδ˵ϣ˵һ䣺ӦǱ·˶ˡ
˸һۣĿֲϣڵƻϰץߵһˣǻԵһ·ˡ
л橽ӹ֪ˣһӦǸֵг𣬶ڶ·Ƕ˽˼
˵ţл橿л꣺磬˵˵öԲԣ
л΢΢ףԺܴ󡣡
Ժܴȴࡣ
ҲΪλ²⡣
Ͼл⼸˲֪¯ȼչԵ̣׿䲻̸ǰ仰
ǼץֲУĿԲֲ
Ļ֮Ȼɷ÷ĹϵһһҪֲ
Ŀģ˵Ǹֵг𣬲˵Ǹ塢Ҳ˽г
˽гˣһ£ԽܵĸסżλҷˣŪһʱûбˡ
λҷˣƺҲµ
߸׼ȷ˵λӦǾֻҪֽŶɾˣ㱻˽µˣҲΡ
ܽͷ֮
ԭ˽˵µס첻ԭ˽ֲҲԭֲ
һ֮⣬лˡ
ҲעķչᳯĻ֮ԤǰС
ţֲͻȻ֣ǣס˸֣ڸΪĶʱֲδʲôǽյøˡ
л橿Ÿֲǣ֣һߡ
л꣬ƿߣȥ׵һ˿ȻȥЩ۵Ļ档
ϣıʼնû̫ı仯ֻΪлòŻ
ֲŸȥɣȻؼҡ
ԣûпڣл橾˵һ䣺ˣҪȥҽݼʱ
ֲһһЩҽؼԻҼҷɴǿˡҼҷɡĸ֡
л橻˵ʲôȴлסˡ
лҡҡͷ
л橼״ʶһ۱ֲǣŵ˽˽˵ҲδֲĻֳ˿Ĳã촽⶯˼£ջǹԹԽԭҪ˵Ļ˻ȥ
ȷʵǶ˵˺ܶ಻˵Ļһ뵽˽ΪֲŻᱻЩƽ
ʵҲԼûʸȥʲôЩƲס
뵽⣬лֿ˴źɫշĸ졣˿̣Ѿֲһķ
лл橵Ŀ˽һ㣬᲻صĵһл橵ţˣˡ
л橳ۣԼĶͷص֪ˡ
ʱ˵ҹ£ȸһ䡣л꣺Ǹģһ¡
л۾һ£˵ǡ
ϵ˵ͷ
л橿˿лֿ꣬˿ϣЩãȻʵڴʲôգ
лͻȻʧ£ɻǵã
л橻صȻǵá˵ţͻȻӦ˹ǵ˼ǣʧ˹Ƶģ
лͷ嵽ʲôҪٲ֤

һߡ
ֲѵɣ֮󣬿ͷϷЩƵĹߣԺﻹƬ̵ãȻ
ܿ͵ӵվ
ɿֲĿֲ͸콻յͣһ˲漴ƿҡ
˵ʲôȴֲˣʲôȻȥ˵
ԣ˵ͷ
һ·ϣɶܳĬ΢΢ֲ͸Ļϵڵϣ¹Ϊ·͸һƬӰ
Ϊ˽ǸС˽ʱﾹһ˵ĸӡ
֮ܵı˽߶ӡһΪһһЩҵ״̬Ҫú˽Ŀ˼ܵӰ졣
Ϊ磬Ȼ˽ûκԽ£֪ΪΣԴʱԾɻмֲڡ
Ҳȥ˼ݲı󣬵ʲôʶȥϸ룬Ϊֱ˼ȥеĹϵᱻƣĽһ뿴ġ
硭
˽
Ĭһ⼸֣ٴ̧ʱ׵˼ѹƽ
ͬһʱ̣һߡ
ڡ
ǧ
˵ŮΧһ齱ߣ˯ڴڻеӡ
ӵıͦݿ볤ͷ򣬶ǰ鷢¼ޣڻ˯УҲԾ͸һ
һµŮӵմԣӦ˰òᡭ
Ī࣬Ȼµġ
һŮӴŮӵĻûŮ˵ĻŮһǣȻ۵׵ȴǼĮġ
վԶĻŮӣһ۴ϵӣЦһǧġ
ô˵ģŮӺǳһ󣬲֪뵽ʲôۿﷺỨβˤɽ£Ҳ֪ʲôúõͷ˲˵ϴҲõģҲ֪
˵˵ţŮеỨͱһһŵ
ŮӼŮһ޵滨ģһﰵһα
αܵݵ˻׿
뵽⣬ŮӿһһֱڰοŮӡ
ʱڴϵͻȻһء
볯ӿȥ
ŮӵķӦ죬۵˲䣬̴ȥҲϵˮʮʵˣûﲻ
ƺ룺ˣ
ŮӼ״δ˵ŮӾЦЦ˵һ䣺ôŹˣĪˤɽº󣬰ѼҲˤûˣ
šˣ


27 
šˡʶظһĸ, ˼лң˶мֻȻ
̧̧صƤһͷϷɫɫĴӼ, 漴ֽתƣվڴߵİŮӡ
ĿİŮӵһһɨһ飬ôһ˲䣬ΪԼΡ
Ȼö˶˵ôͻȻɫĻ
ִӴŮӼ״ֲ, Ȼֻû, ͱֹˣͣվԭر𶯣
Ůԣʱίˣôˡôôס
ֶʱЩͷ
˿Ѿ˲ȥ޿Ůӣ˿Լ, ֿ˿ϴ, ɨһδװ꣬ĳƵĲ²ԺΡ
üͷ俴Լ, ڿϵһ״ĺ֮
廹塣
ʱŮ˵ˣ㵽ôˡ
Ůǰ˷Ůӣ, ˵˹֮, ܻΪͷܵĴ˶ʧ֢
ˣͷˣʧ֢
ŮӵĻ, ֵüͷʱø, Ǹ²Ҳˡ
Щ͵̫Ѩ, Ŭƽŷҷӿ˼ô˺һֲ̧֮ԺŮ˵ûĬ˼룬һʼŹ˵ĻŮӣ㡭ոպʲô
ŮƳһۣĺ촽ſһһٵ˵˼֣š١ˡÿһֶޱȡ
ַڱϵ˲˽Ѿ˲²⣬ȴԾɴżֽңĵһ飺ĸĸţ
ŮЦˣȥһỊֵ̃Ļصڳţĸĸţ
ء
š
Ρ
ҵȫǽʲô
Ůԣûп˵ʼŮӣ˲Լϵˮһصˣ졣
Ůһֵ֮ƤһȻһҲԽȥĳΪ죡
죬˽ͨ|죡
ɱ죡
죿
Ȼأ˭ð죿ŮһһģûаԼĹ˷
Ůӷ̵Ļش־Լոƽֿʼӿˡüššķ˺С檵Ů˵ȳȥҰôһ
⻰һ˵꣬Ůӱֱת뿪ˡĲ͸żּУԼһЩͻᱻһ
ȻŮһҲ
Ůӣԭ˵ЩʲôȴԵŮס䣺㣬ȳȥùúþһ
Ůӵ˵ͷһ۴ͷ˼ʲôŹˣ̾һЩǵ˵Ҳ֪״̬ջܸܲȥء

ֵܺ͸ߡ
ɵ֮󣬾ͶԻ˷䡣
һϣ鶼ƽҪһ˾ú롣
ֲ͸죬Ҳͬ˷䡣
ڡ
ϣֲǰø°ʹ˿ڡĶϸ£īһڵͫ︡һĨۡ
Ǹ֪Լ°ʹ˿ڣֲŪģǲôײ۵׵۵ײ˼١
ڸ£ֲ˿ڣŵЩε˵ˡ
һֲıݣ漴Ų䲻ȵ˵ҩɡ
ֲһ£ͷصá
ΪҩΪܽ˿ڿøֲ븶ܽҲΪ˲ϡ
ůɫĵƹڸϣֲ뵽֬ĸ֡ҩͿС˿ϣ㸶첢û˵ʲôǻ˵ҩͿϣ˿ܺá
첻ᡰšһ͵͵ģЩ
ֲ״ջҩƿʵ𣿡
һ䣺á˵꣬շ⿪ֲ˵ȥһʪҰҲˡ
ֲԣŸ첱ĺ˼룬΢ȥе˼һͷá䣬ȥ֮жˡ
ܿ죬һʪ˹˷λá
΢΢°ֲܸͣá
ֲ¶ϸײ;µǣĿ΢΢ƶġĺϡ
΢һ˲֮䣬ָֻ糣
оֲĿͣһ䣺ôˣ
ֲ΢򣺡ңҲᡭ
Ļû˵ȥ֮ⷬ価
[С죬úù]
ϵͳЩȥˡ
⻰΢һˣܾͱݳƵˡ
[С죬ǵ֮ӱȥ]
[š]Ӧϵͳһ
ϵͳ˵֮Ҳô
ϲɫ۾ƤΪ𡭡
ζЦһ¡
ֲ״һ˲̧ۿ죬ƺЩΪθͻȻʱЦһ¡
΢΢̧̧ƤֲĿ֮ѵһ䣺ֻ뵽һȤ¡
ֲһĨ˼ȴЩɻʵȤ£
ǰȤ¡촽΢˵Ժٸ㡣
ֲû׷ʡ
ʼΪŲ
ֲѾʪĦ֮䣬øԭϸļ˺졣
֭ˮĺۼѾȫһĨ˫|˱|׳Ǻۣȴӡ档
ֲϵĶͣһĨӡǣĬš
ʲô
ֲûֱӻش⣬ǵ͵ͻ˵
΢΢üǰ㣬˫յֲĶϣ˵һ䣺ͽǵ˵ţֲָ̧֣ĴǴ|ĸ|һ¡
ֲһΪ˵仰ҲΪͻȻǵľٶ
Ÿļ羱Ϣ֮ȫɢϢڸ쿴äֲת˸
ĴֱˣҲЩ|ء
ջǷֲǵ֣תֲĺף΢΢ƫͷֲĶĥһ£ʵΣ
ֲĺţһ֣á
䣬ƣڸ𲱾ʱ򣬽ȥ˫ֳ齵ϣʼ|˱ţż裬̵ֻ繡
죬ϷķƯķյ£ɢһĹԡֲֻ׵֣һһµģһĵ|ֲڵķ˿

˿ֲ̣ĸڡ
ڴϵɣֻҪһ۾Ժͻḡֳ﷢顣
᲻Ծ뵽˽뵽ǻ谵Ļ£˽ŵĶϢ뵽Էһźº覴õߡ
뵽˽ΪʱĦ֡
ӢͦüͷǿԼϽ˯ԼҪٺ˼롣ȻԽԺĻԽ
ȥģһֱҹɲŽ˯˹ȥ
һ˯һʵΡ
ɽµУƣ׵¹
ȣܼ
һģӰӵԷ˿䣬ɢļͷɢգһ㣬|
ǣö
ĻԽȼԽ
˶һȼյĻΧڵϣʹ࣬ȴִһֲ״Ҹ
ڶգĻס
ɣɫЩѿĿһ˵Ŀӡ
ףַԼĶͷ޳ָ⴩ǰ鷢ϸֳһĨ˵ĸӡ


28 
ڶ, ֲ֮ɲûһȥá
֮´ΣЩʹúһ
ֵ¥½̸˺ܾ, ֱҲ֮ǲͣ
ֲ¥ߵĸ죺ʲô
΢˼һ£صŴ׸⡣
ֲͷȥ
䣬ȥ˳
¥ߵľǰֲλáҲûΪĳֶƺЩڵ, ԹԵĵһ衣
Ӳ豭･Ʈɢ, ðİʣһֽˮȻ
һֻҡһ±ڣһֳֻ̫ѨűеĻζ·һȦǳǳ˶͸һɢ
ڸҲ, ӿ֮, ʼЩȶҹɽµ﷢£Ǹ||޵Σ˿Щ֪һ״̬˽, ϵɩɩ
ȻеǸӰʮģģɿݣǵ˽¥һʱôһ˲, ģӰƺ˽صһ
Ϊ뷨еա
ֽ˽, еǵӰ˽ʵ
, ˿, ֻ˽, ɵҲ޷־Եƽ
ЩȣǷǳĵȻűе裬ݳֵϾ
ʱһһš
û˵һֱųĬҲûҪ˼
콫еȵ֮ʱֲһŴ׸һ˳
һ۸죬漴ֿһɡ
ڽջ֮еĶϣЩ̣һٳԡԸ˵
һ
ֲֿɣҲȥʢһ࣬ģ˵
ɵͷ漴վȥˡ
ٳʱ϶룬һƵֲǰһԼλǰ
һٷ˶Եúܰ
Ǵĳţֲֵܣȴ˼졣

֮ϴ꣬ȥá
ֲȥٰҽݡ
ƺ¸һڼһģֲȥٰҽ֮ǰһЩử
һεСֲửʱϸ˿ȷ˶Ƿǳݣûһε|||顣
ӹֲử¿һЩửֲ֣뿪Щửŵ˷ûһóһǰ
ߵǰһӡϼĻֵͷһ۽ֵϵˣиֳһĨ˼
Ƭ̺ϣתװĹǰóһɫ
ܿ죬ͻĩóյĺߣ֮úɫסա
[С죬׼ȥˣ]
[Ÿ]
ҹ£Ļ֮˼пżλҷˡȻ޷ֶͨĻ֮˵õеĳͷֻ辶ˡ
ڼҲġ
ãʱ䡣
ҸûǴĻ˽λҷ˵ȻԷΪ˽˽޸ֲƺΪ˱⣬λҷ˾˸ۣûаֲ
һֽûʲôνֶ׻ǲ÷һгУû˲ǡġ
ڵ˿Ϸ֮󣬸һĴ¡ߵһߵ̯λǰ̷һ޳ߡ
˵ĹսǴȡ£滻ĺ޳ߡ
ЩϡٵСƾżϢǱŸҷϵķϷһ豭ˤڵϵ졣
ڡ
һʢŭĿŹڵϵ̣غ˽صģʲôʱ򲻼˵Ķ֪
Щսս˵ˣҲ֪ö˶˵ķţΪʲôͲˣ
Ϊĸ£㾹Ȼ˵㲻ֶ֪˼Ѳܳ˫Լɳȥ
һ΢΢һʱͷøˡȷʵǲ֪˽ôʧ٣͸˵һģȴƫƫֻ˽ˡ
üͷһԼƽ֮¸ˣҲ˽϶ֽţںˣȻˣ
˵˵ţĵһɻȼ
̿˵ˣҪôǸڹҪôǱ븮н͵ˡ
ЦѵҪ˵̵˵˽ʲôʱ򲻼˶֪ʵǻ
̵ֲ˲ͻȻ뵽ʲôһ㣬˵ˣ᲻졭
ϵĿ죿˵εõڶգ
̵ͷ̧ոŮСǶְֵۣôģձ˿ӡ
һ˵һ߻ŵյ֮ǰΪǷ˵⣬Ӧҩ
˵ǣ˼֣˭˽
⣬ɫ΢Ժ˸ֳһ˵֡
[С죬Ǵ]
[пܣԡ]
Ͼûеõ֤ʵ֮ǰ첻ô½ۡ
̺ϵ̸ڼš
Ҳ̵ȻҲΪ¸еΡ
Щ͵̫Ѩˣȷһߣ˸ϽʰϵƬ˵ţվп
ϵĻû˵꣬ŮĴˣżλƼҵĹӻһоˣү˵ȹȥãһд԰
λڷϷĸŮ仰΢΢ü
ŹӣѲ죿
Ļżʲôʱżҳ˹ϵԭļﲢûҵϵĵط
żⷢҵģء
죬ԭصһǲһҩ̣̾뵱صĹŻһˡ
ȻأòԶ˽ļżżҲûκ
ǾĺЧӦ
˵ֲ֮żǱϵĺ
˼ţߣѾų˷䡣ڷʱŭͨȣ˿ϵϣȫȻ෴Цݡ
ģ˿۵׵ŭǲ֪һȻ뵽Ϲ΢Цĸˣǰ붼һַŭͷ֮С
߰ɣȥá϶ԹŮ˵
Ů˸񣬵ͷӦһǡ
뿪ıӰ⸾£۾΢΢С
磬Ƕȼ硣κܣҲûй½ħ
ΪʱչֵĹ֮񣬸ÿԽһ磬ǸѧĶΪļܡ
ûޣһ᲻ۻ
ڴΪ˽֮ڱ˽һЩԺص£˽һЩʵںϡ
˽һ࣬Ҳ
ҲΪѡԵںϣ챾ȻܵСƣʹΧ֮ļܣֵЩȴͨںϣ
ЩҪһЩʱܹǱȽϷġ
[С죬ҪȥǱ]
[]ֱȥ԰С
ƾļ䣬ᳵ·˻԰
żĴ˼ңżҵļסųעݣмְţԽеĻ԰޽úܴ
ľ컨Сˮ˵Ծߡ
ɨһۻ԰ڵľһ߷Χܹ㡢εϡ
ϣɣһСһߵųɺˣλżƼҵĹк
ûȶãһŲ
ۣŻ԰ڿȥ


29 
߽԰, һʮӡӵݷüëŨһ˫۾͸һƵľ
˲Ǳ, еżҼųɡ
˿̣ųɵϹƺЦ΢΢šһһ߸Լ벽˵Żóܲ
콫Ŀųɵƿתųɰ벽ϡ
Ӻᣬһ׵, ½λöŽɫ·θͦ, ģǳĿš
[С죬֮졣]
ϵͳʱչļ߸졣
ϵͳļûие⡣䵽ϣͦü΢˼š
[С, ôˣǾﲻԾ]
[˵۾ﲢûֹȳ|Ļǡ]ϵͳһ䡣
, ɫԣϲˣܵ|||彻|
Ǵ˿, ųɽӣü֮һַ̬֮ȴǳǸ첢̫
[ûпαװ]
[̫ܡ]
Ǳ˻ǿαװ, Խô, ôѡĸ, Ȼֵܷó
ϵͳֵ[ܲҲɵһ, İɣ]
[]⻰ԡ
Ŀǰ, ȷʵ޷жϳͼеĲͬһԵɡ
Ⱦ䡣
ƣԱÿ·
Ȼżҷ߹Сź󣬸ͤ£סԺǱ߾ƮһŨ̡
λԺӵķ֮ȷŨ̵ģǡ
Ļû˵꣬ϵüëȴ͵һҲʱһֲõԤС
һ룬ųͬʱ󷽿ȥԼסԺƮٿһվ
ǡʱҲææܽ԰ɫŵĺ˲ˣˣԺˮˣ
ɫһ䣬Ҳ˲ûڳѸٳŨƮķȥһһ߶ŮС˵ϽȥȻ𣡡
ųɵüͷҲ嵽һ𣬶˵һ䣺ʧˡ䣬ҲŨƮķȥ
˼Ƭ̣Ҳȥˡ
쿴һԺӵķƯķ΢ϷҲǰȥ
Щ棬ϵԺΪλͻȻˮ
Ժߡ
ǻŻŵˮͰŻ𣬲Ȼȥˣȴûɢȥ١
ǰһƬҵĳ棬Ͻץ̵ʵ⵽ô£ö˶˵ôͻȻŻ𣿡
̵ɫףǡǰ˵˲Զ̱ڵϵӡ
˳̵߿ȥô£
̱ڵϵ촽ףԲֵȫǺˮһƬǽԺӣ۾ǻ֣̿ǲһ㣬ૣܡܣôᡭôɳ¡
˵˵ţͷȼ䣬ͷֱš
̸Ͻţǰŵû𣬵ȫǵˣǵʧķһ
üͷʧķ裿
̼æͷһֱϳԼŵû𣬵кü˶ˣŻûüٵߣʱҲȫǺϣ
˵꣬һСҲͷ͵˵ûǰŵģǲϳϣҪ˵ǲԼģҲǳԼԸ˵˿
⻰˵֮Сֿһۻ̱ڵϵİǶаǵʲôʧ֢
˵˵⣬һֱδųǳţɫҲ
СŵһеͰŵò
[С죬һԷ޵ĳҲѽ]ϵͳЩֻ[յúãҲ֪λָɵġ]
û˵ϵͳֵ̬ҪøһЩһ̱ϵİһ¡
ļϵѡݡݹϵȻˣǵλȴ֮мߣƽڸû۸ˣԭ˽;Ҳ硣
뵽̺С˵һЩ˼
·ߡ
̺С˵ʱ䣬Ѿ˺ˡ
СŮ۵ڵϴһ߲ϵĺˮһƽżٵĺ
ϼѾȫ΢һһֱץ̵֣Ҳ˻
Ȼеʯͷûг£ԶͻȻһ
ĵʮֹ죬֮ǧʻ潻֯һ𣬸䣬˵ǵ˵һЩа
ֻ룬ϾͲϸСļƤԼֱۣô}ûţ
ϵĻ˵꣬ԺͻȻһƬ۷䣬飬Ƽһ㡣
˼״ʧɫ׷׿ʼ
̴󺰵˱үˣ
ԣֻϵףͼƬ۷ȿ
ȻЩ۷ʵ̫࣬Ƿֿȴ޼¡
վԶĶȻ죬ͷȴǱһֻ۷䶣һڡ
żҷߣǰǷ֣Щ۷䶣ֻΪǵ·۷˵޲ˣ˵ܵĳһ㣬ֻ빥үͷˡ
Խүͷ˽۷ԽǶס
ˣ֪۷ҺҷˣȴҲòĵǰ档ǵϣϣȫװ۵ֱ飬Ҳòųɺϡ
[С죬Щ۷ƺֻ붣ųɺˣΪ]
[Ӧòֻԭ]
õֻһؼĵӦûǳųɺϵϡ
ھʲôʱ޷ȷ
׿Щ̸ĿһΪԭΪСһϡ
ڿǰ߷ԭǱ˭ˣȻصĿģȻĿģӦûᵽǰ
ߣַʽϣǲԳˡ
[Ҫ뿪]ϵͳʡ
[Ȳ]
쿴ΪԶżҷ򸾡˵·졣
ķ˿̣˵ľֻ˲ס
졢ʵΪֵӣҵĳ棬Щơ
̶̼ʮСʱʱ£ֱֿݡͻȻԽף֮ĪľףڣǱ޹ͷϱ۷䶣һ
ʷǳǿӶ£ҲЩꡣ
ţͻȻһ춯һͿһӰӷϣ֮죬գ֮䡣
ֵüͷʱΪҶڵܿ˵ΣֻܿԷϴһߡ
¾裬һ룬ֻǰһӰ缲ܿ췴ӦʱԭôϵӰѾ
ͬʱĺ󾱣Ҳһ
ֵͫɪһ¡
ذ׵ļˡ
ǶȵԵʣ޷Ǻ󾱵ƤϵĸоʶֻҪҶпܱ˲ơ
ˣֳ˸տʼЩ֮⣬˵״̬ƽٻֺ̿ͻš
֮ݵҪ´˵ߵʱ򣬾Ѿ
οҲûд˵ϸоɱ⡣
ֻоһ㣬ǾǷһ춯п˹ŪģԷأȻ
̶̵ļʱ䣬˺ܶ࣬ѸжϳԼӦûΣ֮󣬼ԱţҲ侲
ֵĿ㡭
˵ЩʲôƳȻŸոշһͱ֮˴ˡ

һĵһöɫԡ
ҡ
ΪԷ˵⻰ʱĶúܽԵĤʱ򣬴˼Ī⡣


30 
ֲ, ҲòһüǶԷ˵ʱ򣬾ߵĶٽһЩӦûӵĳħһ, ǣߵ񾭡
֮, ʵһɵζ, ζʮֺţŨǷǳر
, ǶԷ, ǶԷϵϢ, ʺȥ͡
΢, ˼Ӧ⴦
ڴڱ״̬֪ԷĿʲô, ֪Էʲô, ԷĳЩ֪ͨͨ
ֻܴжϳԷߣҪ΢һЩͦΣӦһǳӡ
Щ⣬δϢ
ֵ̬Ƿǳǿ, ԽΪ׵ѾˣôһԱ֮Щ, Ҳ㲻ʲôˡ
˿, Ǳ߳滹ܻ, ʱ, û˻ع˼ߡڲ羲, ֮˵ʲô
˼, ɫ˿ҡ
֮˽εĲݴԺ󷽣ЩסǵӰ
ͣ½ŲٴſڣһΣԷûֹ
ʵ˭ɤرͳһš
Ķһ䣺˵㡣
üͷ΢壺⻰ʲô˼
ص˼
ԣüͷʱøˡԷĴգ΢Щã촽⶯׼ѯʣһ͸о󾱴ջˡ
ͬʱҲоڱǼζ䵭ˡʣǶԷԶ
תλЮʼٸߡ
ǿһ۶Էϵߣٿ˶Էŵһ֦
ʶŵʵֻһ֦֮󣬸оԼϷˣ˵֣ʱе˼΢İա
ɫһ£µǺ⣿
ûлش֦ڵϣȻбɣϾĿ֡
ֱ΢򣺡㣬ֻΪϷˣ£Ϊ̫Ӧ˵ҧĽ֣⻰˵Щɬ
ԣ˵һ䣺Ϲʲô
ֳĬˡ
ʼϸ۲ߵĺӡ
ϵĺ޳һȻУ¶˫οȴʮֵĺÿ°͵Ļȸ͸һ־µ覸С
˵۾Ҳڸǲеķ
ö룬ܸоӶȻһĳࡣ
Щָģ˵ݡ
Էŵ˵ǣƺӦá˵ˡȻҲ֤Է˵һ仰ֻǸЦ
һ˼ţͷǱ۷䶣һڵλãʹҲԽˡ
ûȥҲ֪ȻѾ
㣬һ֮Ǳ۷䶣Ķͷ漴ɨһܣ۶һСƬ««˹ȥ
Լ«ʶȥӡ
ס«ֵ֮ͷһۣȴûݱֲͿĨͷϵװ
΢΢ۣ˼˵⡣
״µЩԷ˼üЩϷʵ˵һ䣺ôѲҸͿ
⻰һ˵꣬΢΢һ¡̧˸һۣȷȷʵûʲô֮Ҳٹ«ϵͿĨԼͷϵĺ
«ܿȥͷЩ|ʹС
ʹûôֿ֮ź޳ߵӣԺҲ˸㡣
ĪĴԽǱԽʱգȴĳΪ졣
кܶɻЩɻŪŪǰ£ȫõϡ
ԭ첻֪ȥһǿԿ϶ģǱĴĿǰرİȫ
ԭˤɽ¾żȻ˹Ϊ֮
ҲԼоˣһЩƺڶʲôԭЩʱûлûж֡
ڽ˴Խɸıʵ֮侲ȥҹλ檡
˵ĿУ֪һЩ飬ٽԼֵ㣬ּȷˤɽΪ˴ɱ
£Ҫشһʱ䣬ȻרŹӶˣУָϣԼӵ㹻Ա
Ÿ֮ǰҪһλոǿʦѧϰ塣˿̣ߵӣ뵽ԷǸɴ֣ûᣬֱ˵ȻͻȻô˵ЩͻǸ£ܷṦ
úܼ򵥣书ѧʱҶʺĸǶҪϸߡȻԽ֮ǰѧĸ֪磬ʲôȼ
Ա书ѧṦԻһЩҲʺԱ
˵⻰󣬲ȸشּ˵ȻǸԸңҶȻø°׷ʱ䡣
ӵĻ΢Щ쾹ȻѧṦһ˸ɴֻһ桢ֲ֪ݵİˡ
ò˵뷨˵ĽǶʵðգҲֱӵġ
ܸоóԷģѧ
죬Ȼ;첻һ
Щ˼ˡ
˼¡ûдӦҲûоֻܾǲ䲻ȵһ䣺㣬ʲôô
ԣϷ̷ʣҪʲô
úܼ򵥣ǶԷܸ֮ģȻõġǶԷûҪõĶҲֻˡ
ȥѰˡ
΢΢򴽣˼
һ롭롭롭
ֱʮȥˣɳĬš
ּ״Ϊⳡ׳ɲ˵ʱԷˣ˵˷ǳ̵֣Ǯҡ
Щظһ飺Ǯңû뵽ôҽӵ
ǮĻðˣΪȱģǮҡ
ֵͷãֻҪԸңһḶӦǮҡ
쿴һۣ漴֡
ֿӳԼģԷְ޳ǽڷڰ߲͸һͨ͸Ĺ㶣Щû׸˼ǡ
˵ȸ𡣡ĩˣ첹һ䣺֮ҲȸǮңѧ
ЦЦҲûԥֱӴǮóƬҶ˸ġ
쿴ĽҶӣ˲һΡ
[С죬Ǹ]
[š]
ȻµգܸоԷõҶ֮Ժ˺ܶࡣ
ڵ¼ȻͬˣǱ㶨һص㣬ɺã
Դû飺ĩˣ˵ڽڼ䣬һһֱߡ
ֺˬĵͷáҪԷ̵ṦڶԷģȤȻҲҪԷҪȡ
֮䣬ֻһס
ֽص㶨Ϸ󷽵һƬ֡ʱ䣬Ǹ춨ģÿʱʼʱ
ȷʱ͵ص֮󣬸ֱ뿪ˣҪȥǴ֮ˡ
վԭأһʧķһԼе«ոˣߵӸγƺ
ȻվϷ󷽵ּʱҲ١
뵽⣬ֿݵϸֳһĨЦݣ֮УļƻҲʵһ


31 
ֵ﾿ô, 첢⣬ַֿ֮, ͳŵķǰȥ
ǳ, Ҵ֮˶żҵıҲǰһ׮£˵΢Щ档
컹ûиϹȥͣĵطʱ, ֮Ѿټ
, ʱѹ롣
ȥҪʱ, 쿴һɫ, ˼Ƭ̺󣬱ٵ顣
ʱ֮ǰ, ·ȥˡ
컻·ûãֲͻˡ
¥ʱ, ֲһߡ
µĴ΢΢Ϲһ绡ȣǷߣΪǵһ˿Ц˼Ӳ, ˼͡
ܸо, ֲƺܺá
ߵſڣ, ΢΢ͷڳæµֲ, ˹һ䣺ʲôˣ㿴ܿġ
ֲ, ͣеĶͷŸҽѧһЩõҽ
𡭡ûٶ, ת뿪ˡ
ûö೤ʱ, ֲͽˡ
˳, һ߿, ֲȥϴꡣ
ֲĶܿ콫ϴãҲݣͬ˵һ֮󣬾ͳȥٰҽˡ
ٻʱѾٽƻ衣
̸ֲʱԼʲôֻԼ˼ƻɲûдûǱ߹ҹ
һҹȥˡ
ڶգֲͬһȥҽݡ
죬ֲ뿪ûãͻǼɫûдյǸ޳ߣǴֲǸڰ׵ĺߡ
Ϸ󷽵ڡ
ִһɫԼʱһ
ֺʱִʱͲϰ߱˵ͨԼʱ֮ǰ
£Խ磬ϰû䡣΢û뵽ǣѾǰһԼص㣬ȴӾȻø硣
ǰСӣʶ˽Ų
̧ͷĿƽϵϡԷֵں·һһƽţ̬͸һַŵѸС
ԷϲǴź޳ߣǱһߡ
ߵ壬ҪǸ޳СһЩ¶沿ҪһЩ
ǶȣܷǳÿԷԼǰѩƤ
һȷˣԷ£Ȼһɫա
Էģǳ˵ҪģǶԷܲѧϰṦĹ
ס߽һ£ԴС
ֵĿ컺ۡ
ƫͷµӣ˵ţȻѾˣǾͿʼɣʱʹ𡣡
ֵͷá
䣬׼ȥĽҶ
˵յĳͣ͵Ƚٸ
ֶһ٣ջֻصС
ĩˣʵһգ׼νֵ̡Ļû˵ֱ꣬ӳһ
ʶסͷһһɫƤ顣鷭ٷһ飬ｲṦص֪ʶ
ȻȫǷ֣ÿһҳлͼҲѡ
ʵ㲻ʲôϡڼһử̯λϣҵ
΢΢򴽣̧˻Ʋӡ
Ҳȷʵǲǵߣ̲˵κ¶һͣպۣʵܸõķӡ
˵һ仰֮󣬸±۾ȻǴС
Ͼ΢㣬ֻС˵Ȼ
ֵüͷ΢΢šһ£֮չˡһⲻӣĬһ˲սе飬ߵʼ濴
ʱһһš
һСһ¿飬棬š
ֵķΧǳͣ徻
ֻҶķͷ񻶿С
ʱƣĻϵ⽥ŨЩδҶķ϶߲ڸγǳɫĹ㡣
ϲָо˶º͵±
µ֣ٶȺܿ졣ˣļҲ쳣㣬˵ǹĿ
һ׺ȵ飬ֿ겢еμʱûõ
飬̧ͷϵӡ
ʱǡһַ紵
ҶƮ䣬ļ䵽ֵա
ֽϵҶҲСۡ봹ӣīһͫǷĺ棬͸һ˵ԡ
ĿԵһɲǼ䣬һ뽫ӻĳ嶯
޹غ
ֻǾеһĻܺÿ뽫һ滭Խ֮ǰеıʻ͸żظеĴڡ
ǻķ羰Ȼˮլ˿̣һ뽫ĳ˻
첢֪룬̧̧Ƥڵˣ
ΪСһ͸һ˿΢ɳơһЩĵƽ˼ֲ˴ԡ
ֻصˡ
ʣݶס𣿡
֣š
΢˵ͷ˵ڿɱ۾дڵľͨ
ԣüͷ΢þֽܸܵΪ
ô򵥣ΪЩڷ̯λϣȥȴ٣ɵ˸֮٣һҲҲһ
֮ǰʩչṦּãΪԷڲ
ֳĬƬ̣ջûסʳһ䣺ÿԣ
˵ɻ󣬸첢е⣬ĻصֻȻԡ
һ٣㻹ô
Ҽǰ仰
ֻȻԡ
͵Ȼԡ
ŷǳʵ
˼ţ˼ǣ
۽޶һ£䲻ȵ˵һ㡣
ֱʵ׼ô
ȴٽˣ˫ϥȻ۾ϡ
ʣŸ⵭ȻջǱ죬ɻʱոԣˡ
ֱ֣ԷûбƭҲװŪ˷ѱ˴ʱˡ
ôţҲ۾
ժϵһƬҶȻֱһƬҶ
̧ۣͷϵӡ
оĿĸ죬ֻƤ΢һ£Ƴһۡ
͵ѧʦץһ㣬̱۾ע¼С
⻺뵽Ĥʮɺءһرħܳߵ˼άƽĳ֮Уܵڵһ
̾Ĺ̡
ֱʹѧʲô졣
ڸܵڵ֮ԺҪ죬תΪʵ÷
ѾʱͻȻֹͣ
۾ЩĿϵĸ졣
ôͻȻͣˣ
ʱ䲻ǻû
񴫴Լʡ
Щˡ
֣Ȼأ˵ʲôȻôţֵУԤС
ԷȻʲô
ʵȻԤϵǰ㣬һ룬˵ȥժЩӡ
ֻһҲ⡣
ĿתԶĴϽŸҰɣأɫϺɫһͷǳóԡ
ڵɣܸߡ
ֵṦգܹ֮ȥ֮ǣԼժҪȥժҪ׵Ķ࣬ҲʡʱĶࡣ
ȴҡͷµ
üֹһƾʲô
ӳǽ׹ϵ֧ǮƣԷѧ䡣ûȥ˽
쿴ֵ룬˵һ䣺ᵽΪѧá
һʲôɣô˵ţȴѾж


32 
[С, ôһܴͬʱЩɵĸо]ϵͳЩѽ⣺[Ϊʲôìܵݻϣ]
ûϵͳ²ۣǰעȫɣϡ
ֺܿߵɣ, ̧һĸ߶, ۾Ŀһ¾֮󣬾Ϳʼ
һжĸ죬ٶȣȻرĿ, ηǳ, ж֮ʤڸɾ䡣
̶, Ȼû
Ǿ, 𣿸˼š
֪ǸжĲͬڸ, Ӱ쵽ʲô
ûö೤ʱ䣬־ժɣ, Ϊ˷ȡ⽫ЩɣƬҶӰš
߻صڵ, ̧ͷϵĸ죺ɣժ, ԡ
쿴һֿ֣һŵɣ, û
ü, һԤ, ˲͵Լĸǰɣ
ţһȻԷ˵
̶̵, ȴֵüͷһ顣Լ, ̫ƽ, Ҳһֶ, һʵ
ֺܿｨ֮󣬲ŹԹһ
ʮʱ䣬˸ڵĸ߶ȡ
״Եɣʾ
촽΢򣬶һ󣬻ڸĵλ
֦Ѿܴ׳ԳܼӵݸҲǿͦεģ˶طִֵڡ
ֽժɣصݸ졣
ӹеɣأûгԣƺ˼ʲô
ּˣʱһ⡣
ҧҧһһ˵㲻ȥˮϴɣû̲סһɣӵӵϣ
쿴֣ûֱӻشֵ⣬˵ǲϴֱӳԣЩɾ
ʵӣҲҪ󣬵ɣعӵƤŵĻҳԸһЩҸϸСֲãԲҪˮϴ
ȻǱȽҲʲôڸǶȼ磬й񣬸ҪĻԼ̹
룬ֿ֮ǰֲһ䣺ɣϴɾǽĳ͡
⻰΢ЦȴЩģʵԸҪҶӡڡ
ԶһɽȪĻû˵ȥ˼ԣȥǱϴ
üαô鷳촽΢΢ڸ£óЯˮȻֱӽˮ˷ɣصĴҶϡ
ҶĿռ仹ܿ࣬װˮҲû
ֶĽɣϴ֮󣬰ˮɾű㽫ϵݸ졣ִӸ߷ŵһͬķʼϴӡ
һ߳ɣأһ߿ϴš
׿Ҳ̸ȷʵǳԽ沿ֵǰӲʣһַǳ䣬ܿмɽˮīΡ
ĿӵϽƵͷϡͷ̣ܶֻ羱λá
ڸĿע£ԭϴɣص֣˫գҲЩֵģԷӣȻоһûɵĽš
رԣ׻Щڡ
񣬽עУȥ˵ߡ
ȻͻȻ֣ƺ׼ķ˿ʱ˾С¹һ㣬͵Զ룺ʲô
ϰ෴ķбһ˫ڵЩĶŸ졣
״βЦһ˵һ䣺֮񡣡
ֶʱЩΡ
ҲʶԼⷴӦƺЩˡ
˸һۣ촽⶯һ£˵ʲôջʲôҲû˵塣
ʵԼҲЩƣôķӦƽﲢһһһէˡ
䲻ر죬ڴ¶ܱ򶨺侲ǰҲ㣬Ҳ֪ΪΣƫƫ˵һһ׾͵
ΪӱΪİһбø䱸ˣ
΢΢˼⡣
죬Ҳͬ˼ĳ⡣
֮Ի֣Ϊķ˿мƲɫ
Ƿβ΢΢ŻƣеɫɫȾȾͷ֮ɫ˳ɫ
[С죬ڻݣ]
[š]
[ݣ֮ӡ]
[š]ϵͳ⻰ȷʵû֮ӣһ㲢ı䡣
һһ룬ݣҪȷһ¡
ǵþ죬ֵһ״ĺ룬־Եĺбʶȡ
뵽⣬쿴ӵ֡
΢Щϧǣ˿̣Էûн𣬸ʱ޷ûк롣
ֲ֪˼ֱԷӦйص¡ɣѸϴ֮ݸ죺ˡ
˵Լʱûн㾡˺üҡ
ԣû˵ǽֵɣȫһƬҶϣ֣ɿյҶƬƮ䡣
ŻƮҶƬһԵ֣߶Σ
ֻصͦߵģ߰ס䣬죺ΪͻȻ
ûлشֵ⣬ּʣָоǵס𣿡
ֵͷ漴ͻȻ뵽ʲô촽⶯˵һ룬ͱֱһƣŹ׹䡣
⧲ʧظõֵͫ͵ɪӦҲ죬ʼһЩ֮⣬ܿҵ˴תָо
ŵǹ׹Ҳڰͣ߸׼ȷ˵Լ½ٶȱˡ
۾һͷʼϷɡڸо֮ɫһϲ
Ȼûи̫ãΪƵòʼҡΡ
üͷһ壬׼ԣȴΪ̫ļƽ⣬һûƿغãֿʼ׹
ۿžԽԽʶ۾ΪԼʵʵˤڵϵʱ£ͻȻ㼯һƬҶ
ЩҶǵһ㣬壬֧壬ڰС
ֱƣ䵽ϵǰһ룬ЩҶžɢ
סε̧֣ͷϵӡ
һ߳ɣһ˵ԤϵҪáƽĿǣ·ֻڳһʵ
Ȼˣ⻰ȴɲһԼϲá÷ǳ΢һָջĸо
Ϸ£ʱˡ
΢΢һ٣ǻû𡣡
ü᲻ң
Ƥһ̻ص˵ʲô˼𣿣
첻˵ѧһ㣬᲻ߣ˵ǻʲô⣿
֣


33 
ʲô
־⻰塣
, Цһûлػڷһ, ˵ľֻһֱ۲
ԸͻȻ, ʶҪˡĺŸ׼ŲʱͻȻַӦΪҪˣ
վԭ, ĿֱֱĿܽӡ
ֵĿע, ΢΢ǰ, ֡һֱֵֻһƵľʱ, ͣ
ڵ¶˫۾, ״ʮֵƯ˿̣Ũ۽գһ, ˹ʳһ䣺ڽš
˵е΢΢һ٣Ʋ߲ȥǰӶӣȻԷƮɢϢȴܽı, ڸŨҵ޷ӡ
ֲԾֱ˴ǡ
̧̧Ƥ, һʮȻĿǻصͻȻսȻеš
ü, ˵ǲÿɷ, ô, ڵתһа
ڹ۲֣˼űʲô
ִʶĽһ¡
ӵĴڸ̫ǿ, ǿ˻ΪĿΪһһ, ʧԭĽࡣ
ΪԷ˵ʲôʱ, һ, ȴվֱ壬˵ľ롣
΢һ
̧ͷһϷɫʱˣ͵
ֵͷûٶ˵
ջؿĻߣת֡
ʵǻʲô
˵
ˡ
֣̯ġ
콫ʣµɣطֵġ
ĩˣ뿪ˡ
һʼ˵õʱһʱ׼˿̣ʱ䵽ˣƬ̲ͣ
ֿһ۸뿪ıӰֵͷһԼеɣأһι
дһᣬʮʿڡ
ֵĴǽһĨϸ΢Ļȡ
ܿ죬ջЦ⣬ҡһͷʲôǼһﲻ˲Ÿҵġ
ߣѾ뿪Ȼֵ֪ôġصңȡ
Źһӵʱ䣬¥´˿ŵ
ţֲ˽ɨһһ¥ûпӰ϶¥
ƿ䣬ֲһ۾Ϳϵĸ졣
̧̧Ƥ
ֲʵû𣿡
ûлش𣬶Ƿһ䣺ô֪û
ֲδзĵĺۼ䣬ƺ뵽ʲô΢΢˶٣漴һֺĵһ䣺ϰնʲô
صҾûȤ¡
֮վֲһ䣺ųʲô
ֲŸ쿴룬ͫһĨ˼漴ŻصϲԵġ
ֲٶȺܿ죬ûö೤ʱš쿴ֲˣȷʵֲԣϲԵġ
Թţʰֲ֮ûǰ뿪ûǰȥҽݣ˸Ķ档
صһĿ
ʲô£
ֲҴ¸¾Ͱ
ԣûие⣬ֳ̫ѨĿ䵽ֲ۾ϣȥ
꾩ֲ⴦ˣȻȥ꾩һСҽݡ
죺ɿǺˣ
꾩ǻʳǣش£ǳķ֮ء꾩ĵضãȴҪӵĶࡣ
ֲͷһϵߵȰȥ꾩ǣұ㽫ϵȡ¡Ÿ۾˵ȫµ״̬ʼµ
ѿǺãȻûκ
ֲվߵߣ˫ַڸļϣʵһģ𣿡
ͫĺڣŨ۽޴ţµӰ͸˼ĪС
ֲ̧شƽȻҼѳףȻ㡣
仰ֲĴǲڹһĨǳǳĻȡڱԼĻϲһ㣬סգڸĶͷһǡ
ĩˣӵһ¸죬ʵֱսӵڻС
һֲĺ󱳣㲻ȥҽ𣿡
ֲصҪȥ˵꣬ɿ֡
ֲ֮󣬸Ҳ˶¥
߽䣬ó֮ǰǱֻһĻڴԱߵĹôʼ
һɢů⡣
΢΢ͷֳÿеĻ
ʱֵĶ棬վŻˡ
һŮŶķ¥
˲ǱˣϺлá
л꿴һ۽յţ̧ͷһ۶¥򿪵ĴɫЩᣬЩᣬеΪӡ
л橼лһɴģϲƵûס˸ۣȥȥһֱվʲôã
ֲ֮һ䣺ʱᣬѾ˽˵ϻˡ
ллһۣЩǰ򵥣
Ǻǰţ˽
ٹʱǱҪ뿪أȥˡ´ټҲ֪ʲôʱҲܾͼˡ
˽ʼġ
ֲķɡ
Ҫ˽Ľʵ࣬˴֮Ҳû˵ʲôѶ㲻ϣʲôȥ˽
ΪһĸͬãлȻǲ³л˼һϢ
л촽⶯һ£Ҫ˵ʲôһ룬Щʲôá
ʼһֱδ˵ϣǵĿлһۣ漴ְ߻˶档
˿̣ΪûٿڣձЩĬ
лǸӣղôɵվûסл꣺ڵȥȥ
лĬ˼
л橲ˣ㲻ȥȥ˵ţ̧Ų׼档
ȻŸһͱлס󣺡ʲô
лȻĻصȥ𰡡
лԣץлֽ˽
л橵ûȥֻ飬ǵ뿪˽⣬ҲҪǰȥл⻰Ƕл˵ҲڶԼ˵
л΢üͷһ˦л֣Լû˵հǰ˺ô׷˽𡭡
һֻû˵꣬ͱлһס죺˵Щķл橣ȴл橵Ļ΢΢
ллֱۣʾл֡
л꾯ٺ
лգ۾ʾͬ⡣
лջ֡
˵лблһۣٴ˵˷˵֣Ϣ
䣬ҲлӦͰһܣٶ˶棬л׷֮ǰš
лЩεĿŵŮӡ
ǰ̲˵һ䣺Ҳôİɡ
лɫ˶ûз
ʵֹл橣лٶȻûܵһ룬ܱץס
˵ûȷʵټ˽׿ڵһл橵л΢΢򴽣뵽ܿ˽Щš
ʱΪʱҪؼõ㶫ɣһÿվſڡ
üͷ΢壬ڸʲô


34 
ɵ㲻, ͳ࣬ɫ֮¶޷ӡ
⻰ϺлͬʱĿתߡ
߹˽λС֮, лü, һ䣺𣿵Ȼš
ɼǰһһɨ֪ţﵽڴʲô⡣
лʼ, ܴʲô⣿ǰݷ𣿡
һЩʵݷ˭
֪ʣлЦһ㶼Ѿµˣʲô
ԣüͷøˣӢҲֳ˼ֺ⡣ǷǳӲ֣Цʱ򣬾ͻһֲľС
˿̣еĵһ, ֱֱл橡
л橱񿴵Щ㤣ʶһ, վл
л״, ͷԵл橵ļ
˳ưĿл꣬ԽΪҪݷҼɩɩɩɩ, л˽, ֲķɡ
úйĽӴ
ɩɩɶԣԵЩֿڵĳƺ, ǰ, ȴʮȻ˵˳
Ǹɩɩ־롣ֲһ䡣˼Ѿ, ڸǲҪ˽
л⻰εҲȾ˼ŭ⡣⻰˽ĳ׶ֲ˵ҲͰˣʲôʸǲҪ˽ʲôʸ˽ĽʷΧ
лԽԽ촽⶯׼ͱлסˡлҡҡͷ
л橼״һ˦л֣վһԣ˫ֱۣ˵ˡ
л꿴ɣɵĽ͵ԼѲͻʲôֻаʱҪ뿪أԲͬ˽𡣡
лĻϵ΢һЩҲ̸˶˽ΣҪҹƻȷʵǾ˽硣
һڣײİĴڡ
ֻǵһҲ˵ùȥ
뵽⣬ɿлһۣ漴ֿһһֱδ˵һӡӱл꣬ҪһЩ
ֲ¶ɫӣҪעģΪ˺˲³롣
оɵߣֻ΢΢һסʲôҲû˵ڸȴʮǿң˺ע⵽
Ҳ˶ˣΪϵӣһݷǳ֮ˣҲоˣлöΪġ
˼˺ܶ࣬ʵȴֻ˼ʱ䡣üĿŵţҲʱԭŵĴţ˴ˡ
ͬʱŷڿȥһµӾôǵ
ͨɫҲڸǲӵݡüĿ续ϣôһ˲䣬˾Ǵƶ˶ˡ
Ҳ֪ɵûδȻλɩɩ֮ǰȣƺָÿһЩ
ָֻоҲָͬо
ȿÿڣˡ˵ƽȻκζ
лֱԿ޵ÿЩģӡ˻ϲĽ
ϲΪˣĽΪ˻̾Ϊֹա
Сͳˣ˽ˣ˽
ʲôϲֱл橣лҪ΢һЩƳһл橣Ҫ̫ûִ硣
лﻹл꣬ı˽ûнյԼֳ
Ų˽ǰ˵ͬġ
쿴𣿡
л橵ͷŰʱ֮ߡ
ԣӦƽһ
л橶ʱЩܴûˣ
̧̧Ƥʵ㻹˵ʲô
л죬СֹҲ˵ţԭϲҲ˲併²١
һԵɣ˽һģȴĪת
оɵɫƳһۡ
һۣպɻûüջصײһĿϵһɲǣתߡ
л꿴Ÿ죬촽΢򣬿ŵü֮¶ʧ䡣ǰסл橵󣬶ԸǱʹˡ
ȻлĻû˵꣬ͱл橴ˣǽȥֻǺȱҲáһεĶŸ죬͸˼±ܾС
лԼ⻰һ˲ûгҲһ˿ڴ
ɣǸոջȥΪл仰ٴθֳ촽գ߱Ҳ
лҲۣлԶ˽Щһ㡣
´ٰҽݣǽûлҲ֪˽˵Щʲô
뵽⣬ֿ˸졣
Է˽˵̬ӦǲӦл橵
ôţȴû뵽һ룬ʹ˽е֡
ԡ
£ԭѾչüͷٴ˫ճһӲֱߣ¶ɢ˺⡣
[С죬㿴Щˡ]
[ǲǹģ]ϵͳһ
[š]ȷʵǹģûлûӦл橵
ɼȻǡʱײлǣЩ˼˳ǽȱ裬Ҳ
Ƭ̺󡪡
лˣԼ죬Χһŷԡ
л橺лһλڸ档ǵһλڸҲ࣬ɣڸⷽԡ
ʵϣԭǴ궫뿪л˵ĳ֣ԭļƻ粻ڼң뿴ˣͬ˽̫ԽĻ
˼ˣƳһ۶˽м㺵лһۡ
лҲɵȻû©۵׵ľ棬˿̣࿴˽ȣɵ㲻ʲôҲ⡣
л橣Ϊųһ㣬ؾһۡ
Ͽһлãֿһɣ΢΢ɲЦһЦ
ĸˣĸ˼
ϵķưӿûӰ쵽ֺŲŲˮҪȥӪʲôͶ֮䶼͸һֻȻɵţÿһ֡һ
ǵڸл橣Ҳȥˣ˫һ͵Ŀ
ı赹֮ڸҷɺϣһڶлھ뱭յߵľҪԶһЩָ⽫յǡ
л״׼ӹӴյʱָⲻСĲ˸֡
һɲǼ䣬һɴδй֮ĵһ㣬ָǰڣ˲ֱӿĺ
лĺ¹һ£˸͸
ӦѸջֵģǻûдִлһ㣬ûԶķӦ
Ҳʱ顱һ죬յɵб˲顣
ֱֱлǻδջص֣ڵֳͫ︡һĨ׹⡣
л꣬ȻƤӵ£СҲãҲգɲ̡


35 
ɵɫ, һͷռ˵̵ޣҰʮ㣬ʱҪлץһ㡣
ʵʵ, лȻҲʶ, ԼһֱջصΪЩס
ջ֮, л꼱æǸҸողġ
ûô⣬ϵȴûкת
л橿˿Լֳ, ֿ˿˽뵽ʲôһ, һЦʮֲá
лһűڣһֻǴࡣ˶ĽǶµֻ, ָƾһ£·ڻŲǰִС
˿̣лЩ̧˽ߣٶҲñƽһЩ
Ϊ, лյ๾ĺ˺üڡ
һԵϼ״࿴л, ջһɲǼ, Ҳһ˼
쿴ɣĿ䵽Ϊյ˵֣Ҫȥһ£
ԣһԼ, 漴ֿ˿л, Ĭ, ص¡
, 㽫ַ¡
ϵҲΪ⻰ɢȥһЩ
쿴룬漴ҲٶԣǰĿתлˣζΣһ䡣
л꣺Ȼ
ϣȻ
ͬʱ
ϺлһۣΪЩû뵽лشĻǺһģһл꣬ҲΪЩϻῪڻش
Ͼ֮ǰ󲿷϶һ̬ϰԵıֳĬ
˵Ŀڿн㣬ּĬͬʱƿߡ
ֱԵҲˣλôȥᵢг̣⻰Ǵż˼ˡ
лüҪ˵ͱлסˣվŸ΢΢ףǾͲˡ
ͷǡ
лקл橣ͬһſߡ
ǿߵſڵʱл껹ûסͷһ䣺պ꾩ҪĿŽֵл
ԣûشл橾͸˵ԶԶԣŽлɱ˰
˵仰֮ƺ¸˵ʲôǸеʧĻлѸ˳ȥ
ںϻͷ˸һۣĿϸֳһĨǳȻЦ
˶뿪֮ɽüͷչһЩһ뵽ʱ˵Ǿ仰һûɵķơ
ĿŵĶ˽ϲ֮飬Ĵںεأ
΢΢ƫͷ෽ɣ㿴ƺĩˣɸش𣬸ȤʵҵЩ棬Ϊ绹Ϊʲô
仰סˡ
ش˵ȻΪԼĴ磬ǻߣȴ˻ȥ
ֻΪ
ԼҲԼ
Ĵ𰸣ȴûȷ
ΪЩǱҪ˼ȥȻʶɲһԼֱôȥȻ뿴Ľ
ɳĬĿ˸ͬʱü֮両˼㽫˿µ˸
ҲûҪ׷ʵ˼Ȼ˵ԼЩ棬ʵɵĻش𲢲ô⡣
һԼյе裬˹˵˵ϵ˲⣬ⱻˮʪҲ᣿
˵ţ쵭ƳһǱˮʪΪˮʪЩˮֻɵĸλãԴ˿̣ļʪϹ˳Գ˼ɫ|
һվת֮󣬴¥ߣٶȿҼУԶֱɩɩһ㡣
쿴⶯ЦЦ
Ц¥ĽŲһ£漴ߵøˡ
Ǵ˿̸ǰĻܿɵ촽գЩ졣
Լ֮̽Źϣ󱳶ϣŲƽżӿ
ڷţ˽Ŀ䵽ʱԷвûж˼ȻȴоһٵͬʱһҲ֮ӿ
˽Ŀǻһ㣬ֻһƮƮȴоǱյһ
ˣ
ɶԼ˵ţۣһ֮һһϵ
ɵͺܴҲǽʵ£ƽﴩʱûǰԣ˿ϰļչ¶˳߼䶼һ
֮󣬲ûмȥøɾȲɾĴյƬ˵ѪۣŲŻһɾ
һгʱ˽һ¥Ժ衣
Ƕȣֻܿ˽ıӰǰűڵ֡
ɫıյ˽γ˼ɫķ޳׽֣ǽڷƷ
ɿſţԺﲻԾֳָҹ˫ֵָĦĸоššüȻ¥
̧̧ƤɣֲҪҩ
ԣսһģá
Ŀ䵽ɼϵİܿµԷӦΪЩջߣɷķλ
ûҪá
˵˵ߡ
üͷʱһ壬ЩӲ˵ɩɩҪ죬֮󣬱㳩ġ
ɩɩ֣֮ɩݣ˽Ҫעִ硣
һЦ֪ԽǿʲôԽ˵жԴԽ⡣
û˵üͷȴøˣƺǶԸ컰ǳͬһʱ֮ȴҲһɷ
첻ļҲЩģͬ˵˵ʱ䣬Ҫһ㡣ԣ㵽ʲô
ɳĬ
ʲô
ԼҲ
ֻ֪˽־룬Դ磬Żᶼá
գ˵Ǳ߻£ҿЩϹȥ仰֮ɾʹſڡ
ʱӭģһվ׼ŵӡ
ӵģƤ׾ϴϺõĳУһһλʳĸҹӡ
ɣ˭
Խܣ˭
ɺԽͬʱڡ
ɵû˭
Խһ˵ҲûϵҲûҪʶ㡣
䣬쳤ӳɵȥɵθߴʹͿ
ۿ²ݡ
Խܵɡ˵ţ׼ȥȴһȥ·
ԽܿǰӣϵıҲʲô
ȴûлشԽ⻰˵һ䣬ƺɵüͷ
뵽֮ǰһЩ˽żҵĴţǰӵЩ²⣬ֱӣżҵģ
Խܻصǡĩˣ׼ƿ·ɡȻͬͭǽһ㣬Ӳûƶֺ
ԽܵЩҲסˣΪŭ˵Ұ£·


36 
˵žҪȥ, Ȼ˿
ԽԸȴɵӡ˿վǰ赲ȥӣʮа˾žֲ׵ܵɡ
Խ˵Ҷ, ͸ߴ󣬵˵˵, ǰһֱΪ˽ʵˣû뵽ȷʵˡ
һԼҪ侲, ƽһ֮, Խܻһ飬ڳЦ˵㲻ǰ, 㲻, 㡭
ԽܵĻû˵, ɾ㲻ýĩˣֲһ䣺Ҵķɡ
˿ɵҲЩ꣬л, һԽܣɩɩһࡣ
ɿԽһۣ㲻䣬ҲԽܸش, ɾֱӽһˡ
޷Խ˲һĻңűӿţȡȿȡ
ԽҸʵĴ, Ȼð춼ﲻһе, ֻǺ, һźιɣ쿪ţүţ
ȻԽܵĻûеõɵĻӦ
ŹϵֱӺֱ, ԽܵĺҲǳšߵʼλ, ʲôҲû˵, Ȼ󽫰ϡ
ƣȻǲ뿪ˡ
״ʵм𣿡
һ£ҷͻȻҲʲôرҪļ¡˵仰֮ԼЩΣϾ˵ʵЩǣǿ
첢ûеƣһſڣװ֪ʵ˭ţе졣
ɿŸ죬ֱŸ۾һһ仺˵ԽܡͼӸ۾￴ϾżҼųɵĶӣ˽㺡
뿴˽ʲôӦȻЩû뵽ǡԽܣ˽˿̵ķӦȻǳƽ
ƽĮȻ˵ֻһ޹ؽҪİˡ
һ̣ĵ׵һɷƸͻȻɢˡܸоó˽Խú⡣
һֱյĴǻչһЩ˵һ䣺㰢˵¡
⻰ü΢΢һ
ԽǰЩӲŽߣûãܹ²һżСӣƻͬһһΪͬһ¡
ŸǱųɷ򸾱۷䶣òᣬһʱȻòˡӸԽܵļԽܹƱǳ϶˳żҵĵִ˽Щ֮˽Զ߸߷ɵע⡣
[⣡]ϵͳûס²ţ[һǽΪϴ֮Ϊô˽]
Ҳ޹ֺϵͳô²ۣʵϣԽȷʵá㹻Ǯƣĸ׻ڳԺʧͱ۷ȺϮ֮£Ͼ˼
ʱ˽뿪Ͳֹ
ԽȻһ㣬Ǿ˽Ҳĸ죬ͬ뿪
˼Ƭ̣վ׼ȥš
ɼ״ҲվҪ
̧̧Ƥ̲˵ţЩ˵á
ԳĬһ˲漴صȥ
䣬ߵſڣŴˡ
Խܼŵɣûһ漴Ųƿ߽˷ڡ
վԵĸ죬˲両ֳ΢Цǰ
ûлӦԽܣλָָ֮Լλá
ԽѸȥ뿪ڡ
Ͳ˵Ҽǵͬ˵ҡ
ԽһʱЩίһĿŸ죺̫ˡ
[Ż]ϵͳ¡
ɵ۾ԽܵһĵСһǰšԽܵĺ죬ӳȥĳ嶯
ţȴһЦ
һ룬ȴ赭д˵һԽϲҰ׵Ļ˵Ҷġ
Խ۵׵ЦʧˣŵĿŸ죬ǲĻǴİĿУ˵ġ
ոաոա
Խܵʼ
ԽԽĵȣɵȴĪɴҲصԭλĿŵ˵̸
ֻƳһۣ漴ĿתԽܡ
˵˵ҡ񡭡ġԽţۿﾹȻһ˿Ứ
ֻҪһ뵽⻰Խܾ﷢ᣬίòС
һŰ׾˿Ͱ͵ģЩǲⱻСá
ıﰮӣҪ΢˳һЩ
ɼ˿䣬ԽܵҲһ
ʵϣҲЩû뵽ᷢչżСǸûʲôˣ˷ֱֹǳֻǱ˽˵һ䣬Ȼޡ
鷢չڣҲʼδġ
Խģ˽ܻ㺡
ʲôв
Խܴ˿̣пȥɶôģҲɶĿһ˼ϡ
΢΢ţһŰ׾Ͱ͵ĿŸ죺
Ҳ˵ôԽܣıƽĮ
գڸ£ԽӲֹס˳Ŭۿ˻ȥ
ףûжЩ㤡һֱܸԽܣټôȥķչ뿴ġ
Խڻָż˵ԺңͬĻҲ˵Ρ
Խܵҡ
ûпǡϴ˵û㶼ˣ
ûԽ̻صû
ûʲô
ҡԽ˲˵ˡ
ͷ˱ЩģǱ˪˵ӡ
ˣھ뿪ɡûʲôĵһû֮ǰ
ò˵һжԽܻǺܹá
ԭɥɥԽ䣬һ¾վߣ뿪ǣǧҪң

ͬһʱ̣һߣھﲻ׵Ľֿڴ
ڵ·š
ǿ𣿸ոżҵСȥֲ˽ˣ
ҿˣСӣֲڼңСӶȻ˽˽
Ҫ˵ѽȢ˽ôһɵӣҴҲ֪һǲҡ
⣬־ˡ
˽ӣ
ֿϵãϵһ֮Щˡ
ˮ䰵ľ黹˽⣬ˮд˽ıī࣬û˽֮ǰסصġ
Щ˽ȻʵȣѾԵòҪˡ
˽ӣͬһԱˡ
ڣֶݡ
죬˽
а˽ͨ飬ɱ֮󣬱նɱԧ¥
˼·ֵ֮Щˡ
ʱΪ죬־ˣܿ˽òҡ
뵽⣬ʳ򣺡Ҫȥ¥Ҫˡɵļң
ʵصϡ֪Ҫ·߶ˡ
ֵ·
ˣ
ֵ˵·
ŶŶã·Ӧ˹ȻЩ⣬˭ӣԼʣҲˡ
Ȼڳ׼תͷ·һߵ¥ʱڵͻȻı⣺ˣôߡ
򣺡
ֵǰ
Ӧ
ڣֲ෽СˣԼɫɫӵģûסСһ䣺ӣ뵽ʲô£żֹģȻ۵ȴһ֮̽⡣
ƳСһۣʵıʡ
С΢һ£Ѹٵͷǡ
ԴʧԽĥˡ
Щ飬ȴҪٵȵȣ


37 
ߡ
Խ˸˵Ƿ֮, ±ҲӣȻм䲻Ը뿪ջ߳˷š
վ, ͷ, еİĽ벻ᶼ˳Ҳƽˮһ, ˸ϡ
ɿһĻüͷ΢
һ룬վſȥ
ųԼӣԽΪͻȻı⣬, ԭ˲˺ת, Ҳ˼ڴ
Ȼڿߵſڵʱ򣬾ͣûǰ
Խܣȴ͸һ룺, һ˵ҪٳǰҪеΡ
˵仰, ҲԽܻش, תˣͬʱ, һ䣺Ŵϡ
Խܴ߬, ﷢, Ҳǿζ
֪⻰ġ
ŰһԶıӰ, ѿһ, ԽԽ
˿̣Խ⣬һ˿˸ıӰ
ڵ֡
˵ҲݾֲҵʱÿĻþͺÿһıӰ
촽΢ⱳӰеһ˿ϤǾϤЩ˵
׼ϸʱԽܾѾźˡ
ַ³Ļֱ塣
ԺصŷһζıӰ
ʵⱳӰӦþа˽
Īһ˿ϤֻΪԷϢϢص˽һָо
˼ţڴ
ӣ쵽¥ˡ
šֵ˼ͻȻңӦһû˽ǱӰ֮¡


ԽûãҲʰõİ뿪ˡ
ҹ
ʱʱֻˡ
ݵʱֲû¥
ߵֲ£ֲһɫ˵磬лͬ˵
ֲǺ£䣬ֲһ۸죬Ҳ˵ҲлҪͬ˵
ɵǴ˵
ֲҡͷȿڵģȽ
ԣҲƳ٣ֱ˵Ѯ׼ȥ꾩
ֲ΢΢ü꾩
ţ꾩˵ʱһ֮ʱյһλ˵ţȥ꾩£ѻţѮ㵽
ֲû˵΢˼ʲô
ɼ״ʵҪ˵Ǻ£
ֲû̻ش𣬶ǿ˸졣
̧̧Ƥ˵¸£ֲȥ꾩
ЩȣҲ꾩
ֲҲղžġ
ǻˡɵ͸ϲãԺ꾩ϣҲиӦ
ͦɵġɵϲãֲҪƽࡣ
ҲǷǳԼоֲ˵ѯʣֲȴһˣʵɩɩ˵ǻ
ʵش𣺡Щ
˵꣬뵽緢һϵ£ʶһ˽
ֲȻҲע⵽촽ţͫһ⡣ֲʱ֮ʧ⣬Ҳڵͫ
ɶֲţԭΪЩʲôȻ΢û뵽ǣ粢ûٶʣǽתλϡ
˿ɻף
ףֵεˡ
Ǳáֲ˵仰֮վͱð
ɲǺϲַΧ
֮󣬻߸׼ȷһ˵Ǵ˽Դɵݳҿʼʹ֮ͷ·һ蹵
蹵εģţȴ֮䣬ĸڲ֪бԶˡ
ɲ罥нԶ
ȻЩЦǣѵĸ֪ݱ仯ȴ֪ȥŤת־档
Щӣദʱܶ£Ժʹ˵ܶĻĺܶ졣ǻߣ˵ȴֻһЩЩɱļʺ
뵽⣬ɵһθоһɥ
ʱֲһ۴ɫ˵վϢȥðɡ
˿̣Ȼֲܾһá
һҹƺĳ
ڻػʳ·ϵлʧˣҲû˯á
صŸԽܣֱֻһجΡУεİһࡣ
Ȼתͷǣһİӵ֣İӵ
İߺͺֲ񣬵Ȳȳ沿ǷǳĿͰվһһԡ
һ档
Խܱˡ
͵ԼŷԼȻΪа񣬶˳
ԽܴԼƣԼûá߬˱죬һϵüᶨ
Խ֮⡣
ֵҲͬһΡ
ֲεǰ£ε˽ɵ֡
ֲ˵جΡ
εҲ㡣
ε˽ʾã꺮ů¶⡣˽Цúܲãʶ˽кܴĲͬ
Щ֮⣬ռ챳Ӱ֣Ҳ˸Ρ
εԼΪͬ˽ͨ飬ں֮󣬱һնɱԧ¥Ѫɽޱȡ
ִоѣԼõĲӼᶨ˽һܿ

ڶա
¥ʱѾȥá
վֲ
ʰһֲ֮Ҳȥٰҽݡ
ļ졣
ԼÿնϷ󷽵֡
ѧϰٶȺܿ죬Ҳ츳һңṦȻ㲻ر죬ȴѾּɵ
Σյʱܹ˳ʣµģֻҪٶϰҪﵽϳ˲ʲô¡
ϣժ¹ӷԵӣȻ֡
֣ҲȻĽϴõĹӷ˸С
ڸԹӵʱ־˸ߣƫͷŸ죬˵ˣȻӦ֪ģƺûʽ˵ҵ֡
ԣһۡ
ΪӵͷЩ̣ԳٶȾͱȽϿ졣ֻǼʱ䣬޴µ鷢Գˣּ΢紵ʱ˿ɶĵƫη˼
׼֣
ֵͷ
֣ﲹһ䡣
˵졣
ԣֿһۣ۵׸ֳһĨζ
̧ôˣ
ûʲô
û׷ʣ˵һ֪֡
üܺ棿˵Ӧֻ֪֮ǽףòҪ̫ࡣ
΢΢һ£򴽣ʵ˵һʼ棬ں֪
ƽ̫أһ¡
˸֮ǿڵǲ˵ģ
ȴûлش⣬̧ͷ˿Ļˡ
Ҳ̧ͷϿȷʵ
͵仰֮󣬸쿴Ҳû֣뿪ˡ
ֶϣһ۸ǺıӰֿһ۱һδĹӣ󻺻
һӣһҧȥ
ʱߵӺܺýӽǺܿʵڸֻ˵Ĵ
ԷʵԶԶͬ⼸յ뿪һ㣬ÿһΣԭصǸÿһΣҲ˵ıӰ
뵽⣬ԭĹ⣬ֵĪЩȻζˡ
ֽ˵ϣ׼뿪
ʱȻһ٣ͻȻʲôԺһ
ȵȣ
ֵͫһ£뿪ķѾԷıӰ

Ӱ
Ӱ
͵̧һĲ²вˡ
뵽ĳǳ׵Ŀԡ


38 
[С, Զ㿪ʼˡ]
[š]
ֽ׶Σ֮ӵĹԣʵô⡣עģֵܡ
ڸȥ·, Сꡣ
ˮڵ, Ĵװ׵ˮһ
ص, ȡ, ಻Ǻ, עĻױԡ
ֲϴģֲϸ³̶, ʮа˾Żῴ
[Ӧûİɡ]ϵͳ˵
[Լˡ]һ䡣
ֲ񣬸첻ΪЩÿ춼ȥ£ֲһҲûв
ο, 첢ûпʲô
ϵͳʵ[ڸô]
ô
쿴һϵĺ࣬漴¡һ߻һɾһ˵ôš
ϵͳ仰ûм׷ʡ
ȻС춼ô˵ˣһоԳֵɡҵģϹģΪϵͳ, ֻùԹԵͺá

ֲܰɾ۴Ļﶬÿ춼Ὣմ, Ȼ֮ʼϴࡣ
ɫ, ƻϼĻȥ
ʱһ, ֲһľϴ
ϴ컻µʱմϵĺࡣֲָĦգ񽥽
Ǻ࣬رĳԲ֮ڣֻϷ󷽵ֲС
뵽⣬ֲһĨ˼̧һǰĸ죬漴ֽջ˻ƽϴе·𷽲ĳһĻްֻǴ
[С죬Ȼˡ]
[š]
ֻӦҲµЩնȥ
[С죬ͻȻִ·Ѱȣ˶ˡ]ϵͳڸʶ̾ţ[ǲע⿴ֲЩȳ]
쿴һֲĿֲƵֲϴŵϡ
[ٹЩӣžڰᵽ꾩ʱ㻹ܿȡ
[ףʲô˼]ϵͳɻ
죬ȴûٻش
עջأеĻ
ڶա
ֲǰţȥٰҽݡ
ҲԼʱ䣬ȥϷ󷽵֡
쵽ʱѾ˿һӡ
ߵĸ죬ǰкˡ˵ͬʱĴŸΡ
ʵޣҲע⡣Ǹ첻ͨˣȻ׽ˡ
ֹ鷢֣Դ˸첢ûп˵ʲô
ڸĳ͵Ȼȴ˼׷ɡջȥ֮ԺһֱصӵıӰ
ܺãȻֻ˽ıӰһۣȴԷıӰԺС
һΪ˽ݣΪ׿̸ıӰʹ˵Ҳܿ毺ãͦθȴ
ıӰǶѡ
ԭֲûн˽ǰߵ뵽һ𣬱Ͼô˶ǰ˸Ӵŵġ
ļˮ˽ֻһݷǳͨŮӡڵ˽ӣҲʵ̫ɡ
Ϊ뷨һʼ˵ģԽӵıӰԽǾú˽ıӰ
ߡͣͷĳ̣˵һģһ
ʵ̫ˡ
ֵ˼ֳݣһ˵ûôɺϣҪԼԾһָǰӺ˽ı£ôܻᱻ裬޸ªȳɡ
˼ֵԺﲻͣսʵϣʵֻ˼롣
Ϊ飬˶ûô״̬
ȻҲֵĲɣıĲɵ¶Ȼйء
Ȼµò
ûϰã־ʳһ䣺صǲǺϲЩԣ׼Լ֪Ϣ
仰˵֮ͻȻʶ֣ʱģֺܿĿڵϲЩ˵£
ԣζĿһۡ
΢٣һɲǼ䣬ڻ˵ݣôȴͻȻһԼݱʶ˵Ĵ
ҡͷûɵĹ֮С
лֱ˵
һ´ǣ漴˵ǰЩȥ¥ʲôҴɺ˽
˵⣬΢΢һ£һ۸֮󣬲żЩ֪ÿˣ޸ªˡ
ҾЩ棬Щ۵ǱϲЩΪĵĶ˽⻰˵ֿ֮˸һۡ
˿̣ʵһЩ΢Ľţӻô˵
ȻԷϴߣ޷ͨ۲ϵı飬óõϢԷ¶˫۾ʼһƽ
̧̧ЩЦĿ̽죺˵ˡĿڣʲôֱ˵
ĩˣֲһ䣺عĨǡ
һ˲ȻЩû뵽˻ôֱӡȻԷĻѾ˵زˣҲڹ̽
Ҿֱ˵ˣֱŸ۾˽ʲôϵ
ԣûие⡣˷ԣӦ￴ıӰһϵеĻɡ
ǰһߵֲһֱԶλãЩζķһ䣺Һ˽ʲôϵ
ֿŸ죬Ŀⲻơ˵ԭֻǵĲ²⡣ôڣǰӷʵ仰֮Ĳ²Ҳÿ϶ˡ
ܾò˼飬һ룬ǽĲ²˵˳˽
Ц˳ͷǡ
شĺܸɴ࣬ЩûӦôͳˣ
죺Ȼأ
Щˣ촽⶯˵ʲôȴͻȻֲ֪ôӺ˵ˡ
ǰṦӣȻþ˽Ǹھǧ˿Ƶϵ͵˽
ԼһҪ䰮Զ˽ԭķû뵽ȴһַʽ˽ϵ
һʱ֮䣬ϢЩ
˿̣Ϊӡ
ĺ¶˶ȷƵһ飺˽
첢û̻ش𣬶ǰ˰벽һ֮ľܽˡ
ʶˣȻһô˲ˡֵ촽գһ̣ǰɢϢľֱЩš
ڼӿ졣
쿴ֵĽţЦţ˹˵֪𣬺ĻẦè֪ҵݣһô
׸֣ƮƮһ仰ȴֵ˲
ݱ仯۵׵ЦʱŨˡ֣ḧֵ°ͣڵֱ֣ͫ˵ëȻĻ˵ҪҪɱ㣿
Ǹ˵仰ͬʱϵͳͻȻʶ˵[С죬ˣ]
[˭]
ȻôţʵѾ˴𰸡
[ֲ]


39 
ϵͳֵʱ, 첢ûиеκ⡣
һʱ䣬ֲͶĻ²⡣հϴµʱַϵĺֲ࣬ĳ̶, ȻԸ鿴һ
ֲڸԤ֮С
߸׼ȷһ˵ⱾյĽ
ԸԴˣȡ
, ڿߵֲעĻǷǰϡ
ֱֵ߽忴ⱻ˽ݵӡܷǳĸоԷǷ°ʹָ⣬ϸ
ôһ˲䣬һֹĴ·ԼǱһԼǿ߸һ㡣
Щ΢ǣ˿, ȻԽ, ȴûиеźͿ־塣
, ҲΪԷҪҪɱĻΪ˱ΪԷĽߡ
ֺ˵ʵ
ҲΪ, ûиеܵвľ֣㲻ɱҡᶨ˵
ҪɱֱӶ֡
Щӵദ˵ĽȻǺܶ࣬ҲܸоóԷһԸ鷳˵ϻˡ
, ͱضֱȥĨ, ˮ
Ҫɱ, ǲͬ˵Щ
ο, ûиоԷɱ⡣
΢΢üôƶ˵ͬʱϵЩ
ֵɫδ䡣
Խӿȣ˼ǵû˱ңԽ
ֱܻǰʵΪ˽ӣһ֣ǡ
һشЦһ룬ֱֵĲ᲻صĿסֵ
ֵĿԷϵλһС
ԼҲ˵ΪĴȻĪ֮С
˼Ƭ̣ѾյĶϣֻ˲˵Ҳɱ㣬ǿԶ˵
Ͼ֪ҵݣ𣿡ᣬɤΪѹ͵ƽһֱĴԡ
ֵ촽һ
Ϊ⻰ҲΪԷ˵
Ӧ˼ģԼǷܵˣǶԷǷĪģ˼ͷƫƣһ̫ķչơ
ڣԷеݣģȻ˾ʵ̫ˡڣʶҪ룬ԴͻȻǷָӵ÷̵Ķ¶ܽ
һ촽⶯㡭
ȻŸտһڣǿ־Ѿ˻ȥͬʱֵҲվֱ壬
Զľ·ڸŵһвֻһ
ֵ΢΢һ٣ɻ˵ȴͻȻбһۡ
Ҳ˳ⷽһȻʲôҲûֻб紵ҶƮ衣
ջߣǰӡ
Է΢Ũ۽ޣƺ˼ʲô
ּ״ü΢šֳŷǸſȥһΣûзʲôɵġֲΪӻԵ޹ʵͻȻ򿴡
뵽һֿܡ
Ŀת֮ʵĪǷڣ
һ䣺Ҳˡ⻰ͬǿ϶ֵĲ²⡣ͬʱҲƺһ㺬塣
ˣ
üĥŸ仰
ˣָǸʶˣҺĹϵ׽Բݣ
ţȴûмĴ㡣һ˼֣ʲôҲû˵ֱӷ뿪ˡ
ԭص֣ЩȻĿŸ뿪ıӰһĪƸдĵȻ
ʲôʲôѽ
˾ôˣ
Ҳ֪ݵˣ
ķչԤȫһ
ֵܸӣǳӡ
Էɴ뿪һ仰Ҳû˵һֶԷʵȫĸоȫˣȫݵ֪
Ҳ֪ΪΣֻĪһԼƺ˵Ĵ
ֱĪ
ֵüͷøˡ
һ˽뿪ķֿһ˽Ǹ뵽˽˵Ǿ仰ͻȻ뵽ʲôȻһ٣һ²Ժ︡֡
Ī˽֮ԻͻȻͻȻǹ˿ģ
˵ЩȤŻֻһֱ󣬶ԷĿģǸˡ˿
ֲ˽ʵûзڣֻ˽Ϊ֮ܽ͵ͨ
һǷԼվǸλã߿ǶȵԵʣÿΪӵǡ
뵽⣬ֵ϶ʱ˳һĨŭ
ȻǱˣ
Цˡ
û뵽һ쾹Ȼ˹ˡ
ܺá
ֲִԾս˼֣Ĭһ˽֡

һߡ
صҵֲǰһһĺҾơ
ľƵӳߵԭͨӳھҺڲƵĵԵŤ
ֲԺﲻϻصһĻĵ׵ĻҵȼţҪմ
һļһӿ֣Ϸ󷽵Ǹ˽һˣһϤֲܻǡ
죬˽
ֲһֺݺ߬ȭΪָ̫׶ݽıճһѪۡ
±͸һЩ˽ͨļ䣬ĺӿҪĹѺͷҰ޵Ĺų
һֱڿƣһֱѹ֡
ΪѾ㹻ƽȻ˽һʱ򣬿˵һʱֻǰ˺顣
ȻջռϷ硣
סˣϢ뿪
ĵ׵ǹŭȴһֱ
һһľ¶ǣľҺӿĺȴû˼άԺĳЩԽ
һƶֲ֮ͣ
һԼ֣ĴѪۺЩĿ˿̣ɫƺѾ侲
Ȼϸٿ㲻ѷ֣µĺڣתһֱȵŭ⣬˵Ĳ̬衣
޾Σյİӿ·Ҫû
еĴֲصˣûôǰڻ谵Ӱ
ˣֺû
[С죬鵽ֲȷҪڽȥ]
[š]ߵſڵĸϵͳһϵͳֱ֮ƿ˷š
̧˽ȥҲ˷
ֲ̧ŸţһڸϵĺϣĿƽĳ档
ӵľζɫδ䡣ߵֲ£ڵƵζΣ
ֲԣû̻ش⡣
վߵߣ϶µ
̧
˵Ŀڿײһ
ֲصܿࡣ
֣֮ȡ˸ϵĺߡϤչ¶Լ£ֲͳɤ͸һ˿ɳƣԸ˵ܿ࣬һ̿˺


40 
ܿ, һ̿˺
ֲ⻰ݵµĸܣǻʲô
ƿġġģǿġ
ֲеĺ߷, Ȼս˸졣ĿϵӰҲڸϣҪ˶ΧԼĻС
ھ븶һȭͷСʱ, ͣƵ߸ϣ¶˫۾ӵ˼ת
ֲλкܶܡ
Դ˲ûʲôν
ϾԼ˽ԣҲܡ
ʼգĶ˽ء
ģ˽Ӵʲô, Щʲô¡
µ, ֲѾȷ, ǰӲһ˽
֪֪
ֿ˽һʱȴȷ, Է᲻Ǹ˽һһ
ܿЦġ
ǰż̬ռȴûǸԵţΪԷʼһĴߡ
ǳףķɡ
ǰӣ, Ʒ硣
ļǣһ˵
ȴʼվڱԵ֮, ջǧ, ʵĮ롣
ֲΪԼ֮, ͬһȻΪԼ˽ⳡϵռ
Ȼʵ֤ǱĬͱ˽ǣ
ЩӣΪαװ
ǰӣεԼ
һʼɱ˽ڣĵ׵ɱģѾһҪԶ˽ߵִ
ֲִı󣬵״һʲôС˽⣬ѳķ롣
ӵӡ
ġ
ǰ̹һ㡣
ڴ֮ǰԷȥ˽£ԭ¡
ȻĵҰѾѣֺαټѹצαװһ޺ĳĬߡ
뵽⣬ֲ
촽⶯˸֡
˽
ܵͣ͸һԷֱƻһ㣬תĳŨҵ档
˿̣븶ľܽ춼ŵɢŨҾ
ͦü΢΢
ֲ״ָ⸧˸üָĦҪԴƽ
ȻһʼĶỺȴͻȻҪĳ˳۵ĶĨȥһ㡣
סֲֹĶ̫ˡ
ֲԣûз촽һĨЦصŰɡ
˵⻰һֻδŵָ˸աһΣûĦֻǾô棬ȵŸЩƫƤ
˵ҵķɣ𡣡
ɿ֣վʲô
ֱֲظһ鸶˵仰ʲôЦһ£۾ֱֱŸ죬㡣
䣬ֱһ죬Ѹ˻Ȼֱ˸˫
һֳͷԵģԵģҧŸĴ꣬ڸΪʹ΢΢ŴĿյǿƵ̽˽ȥʼѲ
ֲվûӹǵģ֪֪ʶͬʱƾһֱȥ̽ţȴ׻Щɬġ
ҲǡǡɬķӦ͸һֱȡ
๴|ţ|˱ţûñҵҪ졣ǿʼøŨңԵҲ񣬾ҪѸĩһ㡣
ζ֮ơ
ȹƵҪδȾƵҲŪ
΢Ҫܿһ£ȴƺֲľȡø||
ڣһ룬ֱֱֲһɨϵľɨϡ硱һƺƱڵ棬ѵ춯
ţֲһѸֱձ𣬷ϡ
£ϡ
ֲվǰ
˵ĸ߶ȲҲ˶Ե
ԭֲ߸ߣڣ쿴Ҫ
Ϊŵǣ˫ЩЩףԻ谵ķ绨㽿ĴƯɫƿšȴ֦ĺ|ġ
ΪˣֻΪ˼ѡֲƽһЩαװչ¶˽ΪʵԼ
ס˫ַ֣ԼļϣȻַֽ˸ĺ󾱣΢һǿƵøĴԼĴ
ȻôŸĴ͵͵˵ˣ㱳˼棬ֹܣ|˵γͷ㣿
Ȼʵ־䣬ֲȴûеȸĻش𣬶Ǽ˵ȻǳףǱ֮°ɡ
˵⣬֪뵽ʲôֲԽɳƺ͵ͳҲȷŸԴ|һЩ
ֲᱧ
һ¥ϱ˶¥˵ķ
űϣǽţڵĵҲûеȼ
⻷֮һ¥Ҫ
챻ֲ˴ϡ
ֲϥǵŴ齱Եֱ۳ڸ࣬ô˵һ䣺ϸϵࡣ⻰ȻֻǵĿ
ⱳ⣬ֲ֪˽
쾲Ĭֲ˼ţµü͸һֻ˵|ɫ
ֲȻѡܾ˵⻰ʱµڵһĨɬĪ⡣
̧̧Ƥûֱӻشֲ
ʳһ䣺δ
ֲصˣδ
֣ҪȥȡֲϵߣȴָҪߵʱ򣬱ֲס
뿴
ֲ꾩Ҿȡ۾תƻ⡣˵ͬ˽㣬ܵͷ
츧ֲĺ󾱣һֲͷԼļ򴦡΢΢ƫͷƣֲĶԣϾʳһ䣺γͷ
ֲһҧһ¸Ķ˵֣Ū|㡣䣬ٴ˸Ĵ
˫֣ѹס˸˫֣븶ָһ
ϵĻ
⿪ĸO@죬컵ķΧƿ

һߡ
ڡ
ԭѮٶȥ꾩ɣܵ˵ĵڶ֮󣬾ǰ
ǡýʽݼ֮ա
ʻţĳȥִ֮ȥһְ
ֻҪؼʰңԤһɶ뿪
ôţҲٵ飬ӿٶҵķȥ
ûö೤ʱ䣬ɾߵ˼ſڡţڿϵһƬǽ֮ɫȻһ䡣
ΪǼµɣһӦ¥
Ȼ¥ߵڵʱﴫĽŲȻס
һֺĵżѹֿ֣ƣ΢ɳƣڳʲô
Ȼڣ䵽ɵĶѾǷǳģһɩɩ˽
ɲ֪ݣֻоǳճŨĽ죬Ȼ󻺻ڻĺ䣬ĺտʡ
֮⣬͸Ĥʱ򣬻ƽһĪ⡣
ʶԼĶ䣬뻺⣬ȴֵĶ̵Ҫֶһ㡣


41 
͵ջ, ȴʼֹ
Īӿһ⡣
ƺˮһ㣬֫ٺ
ܸоԼ, 쵽Ĳ
ɲʮ, ЩߣȻûоκŮ֮, ǶҲһ֪
Ҳʱ򣬷ִһΪͳͻ, ǳƵģżִ|صɳ|ơ
˽
ɶޱϤĴ
, ͸ֶ˽⣬־Ҫ˽ڽĸо, ŨҶ̡
﷢ʲô˽Ϊλ춯, ɺ
ҲΪŻһִδйε߾, ɵ񾭡
֮, һַǳصġ˵ĸоر˽繵, Լڻﱻһһ㡣
ָоһ, żȻ˽ʹ׽ʱһ߸׼ȷһ˵Ǹ̡
䡭ɡ
ָûֲĺ, ǽڷֲڵķ˿һ, úҲ, ԭɤһֹ˵ȡ
Ʋʳ˾, ƻǧ, ơ
Ĺ߱ͺܻ谵
֮, һխĿռԵø
һͷ˿ɢ䣬۾ֲһ첼յɫ븶ƤγһǿҵӾ
ֲ˫ֳڸ࣬ڵ
ʱѾûٴߣŸĶ˵ֲ
ֲ
ģɵģȿǳƺҲǳƺɵ֡
ֲô˵֪ˡ
ֲˣµ˭
ʱֲĶǰźˮСɫƤҲһ㱡ϸ
˵һ仰ֲ֮˫ѹ˸˫֮ϣһ븶ʮָۡţϸĴû
ɡ
ڵһʱ뿪ֱʱǷ·𱻵ס˫ţŲˡ˫ٶԶѸٻصԼķ䡣
˽ʹǳ׵ĹϵһϵڣܵҲ޿ɺǡЩ֪֪׶ȫ¡
ûۿû׶Ͳȥ˼ЩЩ
һһˣǾǲһĸй١˵Լ˿̵һ̬
Լľϣľʵı䲻ͬ¶һֽȻ෴ȡģҲúܿ죬ûΪԶ١
˿̣ڵѾˣǷ˽ȴ·Ժơ
˫գҪԺε
ȻԽôԽĳһ㣬֮ȥ
͵վʼʰԴɢԼעý֮Ժ
Ķܿ죬ʱ㽫ʰҡ
ԭĴһٳڿԽԽáٶȥֻͽ鷳
һҲ
£ɲԵ𣬱ӹҵ˱īдš
߳䣬һ۴˽ڵķ漴¥
ŷ¥µľ֮ɾֱ뿪ˡ

ůˣڵһֺ֮С
ڡ
˯ڴϣɢĴϣ¶ĲǵƤϣӡŴСС|ۡ
Ũ۽ް봹ţܴ˿βǷݱѾɢȥü֮ȴתһĵ
ֲǲڸԣ˾һ㡣˿̣ôֳ̫ѨŸ죬īһŨڵͫ︡ѵõ͡
𣿡ֲڵȻû֮ǰɳƣȴʮֵͳԵżĵ
û˵
ֲ֣ḧ˸β
ûֱ̧ĵֲ֡
ֲҲգЦЦƵ˸ɢķ˿
ҵ˺ĶһָļƷ˿һȦһȦĴת
ſ
ϸĿ⣬ֲգգ۽ޣ޹
һ룬΢΢ͷñǼḶ췢˿ɢϢȻֻ˲˸֡͵ͻһζǡ
΢΢üװ𣿡
⻰ʵʵûκס
ֲ֪Ҫ˼
ֲĴ΢˸룬˼֣װˡ
ֲɵܸоóǰͱԸαװֱ̻¶ʵԼ
ֲŸ۾и㡣
Ŀڵ˵
ֲǸʲôϵ
ص⣺ûʲôϵ
ʱľֹܡֲʵʱĻ棬ҲɻеꡣǣǸ˻졣
ʱвʵ˵
в
šҴ֣߳ǲ뱻ϳ
⣬ֲԺõϢһ顣
˷Ѿȷ˽ûһ˽ϲ
ҲȷӦòʼǰ㡣
Ϊ˽ȫûҪǰߡ
һһ㣬죬ĸоһЩ̫һǾﲻ̫һڽӴʱֲ̫̣ʱҲ˵
뵽⣬ֲһߣʳһĵ⣺ʶģ
һ䣺żȻʶġ
ֲԣĬһ˲ĿֱֱĶŸ۾ţƺҪ˶ģȷû˵ѡ
״̧̧Ƥķʵһƭ㣿
ֲûлش⣬˵֪ģ˽ʶľ
ԣЦһֲ۾︡һĨζ
Ŵͷסֲ򥣬촽΢ţ˹˵Ҳ֪ģ˽Щʲô͸ӦϢͬҵȼ۽
䣬콫յֲĶϣһ㣬Ϊڵ㣬ӦѾˡ
ֲδ˵ĿµתһĨ˼
ЦЦ΢΢ƫͷֲ򥴦ӡһǣЩˣȥɡ
ЩƣƮƮһ仰һȻĿǣȴ˾Ǳˡ
Ҳ˾ܾ
ʵϣӣҪκҲǰͺ̵ˣĲǲ
ֲ͵͵һĦһ¸صȥŪ嵭ĳʳ
ڷŵĻ⣬˵Ĭʱһߡ
ֲЩ£ܼһʱ
˽֮ദʽҲҪһˡ
ֲüĿӴȻ
´֮󣬸ҲӴ
ֲ״Ȼİ£Ϊ촩Ь
ԼԼЬٶȣֲ촩ЬٶȾԵúŸĽţСɫƤ͸ƤγһӾ
ƺǺŽĽĵĸоűָĦŸĽű
Ҳ˵ôֲ


42 
Ǽʮɵ, ֲȴһֶӡ
Ϊ촩Ьֲ֮վҲվ, ɢɢϣڵλó, ¶˾µǺͼ羱
īɫķ˿䣬мڴǰ, סһЩԭƤ, ǳһ|ۡ
ֲһĻ΢΢һ
촽, ܿ渶
ֱĴϺֲա漴ߵǰ쵹һˮɤԸ˵
߹ȥ, ӹֲˮ, űڵ˻, Ɑˮ
ֲˮĨ˸촽ˮգָ˸ΪˮĶڶǰ鷢Щ鷢𵽸Ժ֮Ĳ߳䣬¥ȥˡ
ֲµһ¥, һ۾ͿϷŵŷ⡣Ŀɫ߹ȥŷ⡣
ŷдĵʱҲ¥
ߵֲߣдģ
ֲͷѾȥ꾩ˡ죬ֱŸ۾, ƺҪηӦ
ֲĿ, ֻ̧̧, һ
ֲ˵Ӧˡ
仰ϾĿֲһۣˡĻص
ֲԣиֳһĨǳǳЦ⣬ظŸ仰ţˡ
ֲ֮ŷ·ŽŷɨһܣϻžƺƬȻط䣬ʳ
ҲûƳ٣˵ͷת¥ˡ
ûö೤ʱ䣬ֲ˷ˣζú嵭ζʮֲ
Թʳֲ˵ϸˣҲǰȥ꾩
ԣû̫⡣ڶֲĳʲôʱ򣿡
ֲصѮʸ죺Σ
ûʲôС
µѮʼ뿪ʱ䣬ǰȥ꾩ֲԭȷʱĩ½ʱǰ˽£㻹ʱ䡣
ⷿӵΰã
ֲһұ㽫ЩóûĻ
ֲô˵Ժ󣬸Ҳûٶԡ
ֽ׶Σֲ֮
ȻֲڵĹϵֲͻһֱط׻ЩȤġ
ǰȥ꾩ȻԸġ

ֲǸжɣȷ֮󣬵ڶһ磬ֲ㿪ʼж
ܸоóֲ֮ԻὫ뿪ճһ󲿷ԭΪ졣ʣµһֲ֣йء
һߡ
ʱʱ֣׼ʱϷ󷽵֡
ſһ˵֣ȻѾ˲²⣬ǵϤϣûǸ֮һַµķƸС
Ȼûء
ֱ΢򣬿ݵü֮両ֳһĨɫ
ֽ˽漴һ
ǰÿնλϣϢʱǸһš˵ŻǸ˳ժĹӡ
ʵϲַΧ
ûûµĸš
һжƺ÷ǳļ򵥡
Ǹ˽̣ѧ
ʱҲǸһԹӡϲһ紵ʱҶ׷ɵĸо
ա
ʱ˶ûô˵Ҳ͸һĵ룬Ƕ˵˶ݵദĪ֮󣬷ǳرļ䡣
뵽⣬ֿһԵĿλ
Ѿȷ˽ǲˡֹǽգÿգӦöˡ
˽ⳡݵʦͽϵƺյԷݵʱ򣬾ͽˡ
һʼΪԼǸӲǸĽ׹ϵȻڣؿǱʲôס͸Уȴʶʵġ
ִó׼õĽҶӣԭǽյġѧѡΪʦǸˣȴˡ
ҶӿãͻȻ̧ժһƬҶ
˽֮ǰһƬҶȻźƾųǿ䣬˳
Ȼѧ񣬴ȴǲ˵ʲô
ģµģȲ˱
һֶƬҶ۵ҶƮ£ֻһƺЩȻζ
ɡ
ֹһʱ䣬ҲٵȴһԾ֮󣬱ͷҲص뿪ˡ
֣Ҳ졣
˽Ͳϵ
ܿ
ʣ⼸գص鶼֮󣬱ءϾһЩ챾ص飬Ҫصزܲø

յʱ䣬һζ
ؾ붼꾩кüյ·̡һжֲΪ·;Ͷ٣һ
Ǻܴ󣬵ڲռҲС
ֲ̺ӣרһ鰸۵ӡ
ϣСš
ֲҲͬ
ƹֲ֣Щ̾ҴѽҲ̫ͻȻ˰
ֻƹͻȻصҲͻȻ˿̣վڲԶС˽ֲ
أҶ˽ֲʮֹע⼸ֲûпԼΪһµֲҪͬ˽뿪ǲµµȴû뵽ô졣
ЩţҪֲ֪ضˡ˷ͻȻӣȥ꾩ҿֲǼǲٻ㲻ء·ΪܲǾȡ
ƹֲþ𣿡
ֲԣûлشվƹԱߵϾһ⻰˵ãӶҪˣм٣
ֲ˵ȷʵҪ뿪
ƹֲô˵̾һͻȻ뵽ʲôһ㣬ֲ֣Ҳã뿪ʼµ
䣬ƹʹ˸ɫ
ϵͷȡ˼ϹŵİһС⣬м£Ҵɣš˵ţ㽫ֲ
ֲҲûѣӹ˵һл
ʹ˱˵仰ֲ֮ת
ֹʻ롣
ƹϿ뿪ıӰһȻ
Ҵɺ뿪ǲٻˡƹһԤУǱ˶Ȼַ꾩ǣһ
ƹţͻȻһ
ϾȵĴóһӣ˲ʲôһ뿪ķֿƹ񣺡ǡ
ƹϣǳǮǲǷǡ
Щɻ䷽ŵ龰ʲôʱŵİ
ƹϵļ򣬡ˣʵҲо˰ɣҴɱòһˡɻʲôҲǰĿȥжϡ
ϵͷ˵ҲǡԼϰ΢΢һЦǹԼӾС
һʱ֮ʻء
ֲʻ뿪ûãҲ֮뿪ء
ڣÿĻľɫյľɫܺ㣬΢Ҳ
ֵӹЩȴδЩɫ飬˼ԼѾҪ˽־룬ȴ˽ֲҪ뿪صʱ뿪ʱգĵ˽졣


43 
˼ʱ·, δʱңֲͣһ¡
ֲùʳ֮󣬸µʯͷϣֲι
, ̫ա
͸Ʋ, ֱҶ߲֮, ˸ϣ翵ɴ
챳, ⡣һɫ, ͷȻɢֻһɫľķ˿
ʱϷɹֻž顣
̧, һֻžǸ֪ʲôһ˸, ڸֱͣ
һֻḧһ¶žĳ򣬴һĵ⡣
ֲι, תʱ, ǸžĻ档
Ÿ쿴ֲһָ̧ۣһ£ԭֱͣϵĶž˳Ʒˡ
ֲ߽վڸǰ, ȥһ벿⡣խ, ˫ȱֱ޳
˹һ䣺ȫˣ˵, ʵȴ, һƽĳߡ
ֲͷѾˡ֮ǲȳ·ҲǺһ
ЦЦĿֲһٰۣҽѧ˲١
ֲ仰ŵļֵ٩һ㣬ɫȻߵ¡
븶һɣ΢΢̧ͷգ꾩ģ
˵˵Լ˵˿һҽݣ㻹ʲô
ֲûԥ˵㡣
һЦбֲһۣϾ˵ôط䣬Ҳֲش˵һ䣺˾̫۾Ϊͷأ
˵ú仰ֲ͵һ٣ת죬ֱֱŸ۾Ӹ˫ڵͫʲô
̧̧Ƥ⣺ôˣ
ֲŸ죬΢΢˽㡭ǰӣǲѾ֪⻰ŸյߣԶͻȻһ
ĽǳĿ죬ƺƴ󣬴Ҳʮƥ
һأ˾סɽ·пܻɽܡ
ЩɽֻǮƣһЩˣɱᣬ޶򵥣ҪΪʳ֮븹
ֲһٱһݣվԸ˵Ƚ
쿴һۣҲûԥ˳ժ¼ƬҶ֮
ֲ֮Ҳܿķֲһ²һ££ܱܣͽ鷳
ȻЩ£ԽΪ鷳ѡܿԽϡ
ֲǰʮ׿⽫ǵȥ·סǣµ
ɨһЩˣʮǿ׳ŻƤϹŷ
Ϊ׵˿ʮ꣬Ƥڣϳźĺ룬üλûһªĵ̡
ֱ¶ģֱ۵ļŵĹκ׳˶һƥɫ׳΢΢Ųӣһֿʳżݳֲ
壬ЩɽƲ磬ֺ޵ߵĻ˵ַͽ
Ϊ׵ĵ˵ǵù
ֲû˵ڵһ׹⡣˵鷳¶˶סȥ·ЩҲҲعʲô
˿̣λڵԵģһӴչ˵ң˿һ㡣
ϾѰѾŰٳֵЩˣ֮ͫ׵ɴ󡢾ŲѣһûɫҰףҲûһߵ򶨡
£޷ǾǼҪôӹ򶨣Ҫôк֣Ҫô㹻ģΪǰΣΪ塣
Ϊ⣺ʲôһġ˵ǣ󲻶ϵʳ
ߵӵͷ˵ĶԡݳֻһˣҲᳬˡ
Ⱥ˵ͷ
οʮ˵̶ӣһ˴ֵģҲû󲻻ǱǶ飬в͡
Ϊ׵ĵָ̧̧֣ǰһһ룬˾̷ɢѸҺĽΧס
ʱԽֲĺ󷽣ζЦţҲ֪ŵŮеץȥֱŪʳŮˬ֮ٳԡ
⵶˵仰֮븽͡Ϊ󵱼ҵ£Ѿһûг󣬺òô·ߣȻ׷Ź
뵽⣬ЩЦø⣬¶Ķ⣬ǿͼ磬滹ҪŻ
ЩҲҪȡ֮еԽĵµߡЩˣȲѣǽµһȤ
ֲɱ⾡ԣ֣ḧһޣջصʱ򣬴Ӳ෽ŵϻһĨϸ롣
ʱΪ׵ĵڸԵЦţŮĳ̫ҲУˬĻû˵꣬ĻͻȻ΢һĶȥ˲Ϣ֮䣬ĺͱƣѪɽеһȻֹ
һз̫죬ȫûзӦǴл֮󣬵ѾڵϣŲӿѪĲ鴤ѡ
ҲʱǲſǸƶҺĶʲôУһƬҶ
Ҷ
£Щ˳׻ˣǲžȻֻһƬҶ˲˶ҵĺ
ˣжȻ㡭
˻̾һ룬ǼƬҶ⼸ƬҶĵƬһЩȫûзӦʱ򣬾͸˵Ķ䣬ָ˫š
ڵϷţҵʹʹ಻ѣֻȥԸڱĹͷ֫ѵĥ
ڣȥˣڳ屻ָľʹ֮󣬵׶
ǰǰ󣬲ʮ롣
һʱ䣬ѪŨصѪζƮɢСЩһʼʢ˵ĶǣȫҰ΢СһģֱӾŵõ̱ڵֱ¡
ҲǾΣˣǲڿԼĶңֻҶʮ֮ھͷָɱ󣬻侲
ʱһڴ𣿡
ģǳǳһ˹ĸоЩ˵Ķȴ֮
ǽӲ壬ߴӵĿϻת
һ룬Ļһֻذ׵ÿ
һֻƯÿֶȻǴѲѣȻڣЩȴЩֻо˿־壬һƱظ޳Ŀ־塣
΢΢¶ݡ
֮Щͽ˲סˣֱƮƮɨ֮Щ˲˲
û뵽ɱǶҵ˾ȻƯӡ˲Ϣ֮䣬Ѵ֮˶ҵĺ
һ뵽⣬Щ˶ʱͷƤ飬һĲ
ʲô첻˵ֻԱ֮ʩˡ
Ǹһʼ˵ԣ߶µָŸޡޣ
ޣ
üƫͷֲޣ
ֲҡͷ֣촹һƷ˿𵽶󣺡ҷɡ


44 
ֵ, ˵Щˣδ
ֲԣɨһЩĻش֮, , Ƴʵķ⣺ȻǶɱˡ
ͳƽ˵ЩǵսľĻ
˵仰֮, Ҳȷʵô֮жǺܿ췴Ӧʼ׷ܣȴվһ, ֲ, ׹䣬ڵ޷
ֲûнһõʮ룬ͿһƵҩ˵񾭺Ѩλ, ñе˾ǱѨһ, ֺܶ
Ѩȣһֱ۵
ǱǵѨɽѨҲΣ
Ƥ, ɽ⣬Ķػʱţߵķθ, ǸоһֱǧֻϿҧ֮С
ֻѰǮƵķͽ, ֲ, Щ, ɱ˳, ĥ, Ӧܵͷ
˽, Ա֮ʩ
ֲ̧ͷһ, εγżֻʳͺӥ
ֲջߣЩ˵赭д˵ͿǱĥǱͺӥԷʳ
ֲĻЩͽңſ˵ȴ쳣ѣƴҪڣȴֻܷ϶֮
ָоǺһ㡣
Ǿֵģ£ҪҧԾС
ؿʼǵЩ˵ѾֳŨҵľ֡ˮǵϷֻĿʼٸߣ뿪
ԶЩͽ֮󣬿еѪζҲɢȥˡֲĿֱǰ
죬ûص⣬ֲš
Ҳ𣿡ֲͻȻʳһ䡣ʵøºһֶνЩͽȴѡЩͽľܵ˫ĥķʽ
ֲԼڣ˽٣Ὣøڹ鲻ڣ׻Ǻ˽Ŀ
ûлشֲ⣬Ƿһ䣺Ҳ𣿡ϾֲȣҲûкõȥ
ֲҡͷ
˵Ҷ࣬˭˭̣䣬ֵοЩͽǱ͸ĥȥ
ֲԣԼԵӣżֺ˵㲻ΪλЩ𣿡
ٴηʣ㲻ҲûΪʲôЩ𣿡
ֲЦˣеһһǿҵĻȻ֮С
ֱֲ֣ԭȥαװʵԸ˽ԤҪõ̫̫ࡣ
˵϶ŸԵܡ
ôһԱ֮ܵıڶԷǰԵòôҪˡ
ΪֻҪڣֻҪ˫ദôܾͻ˴֪һУֻʱ䳤̵⡣
뵽⣬ֲеЦŨˣŸҰ븴ˡʵϸ룬һ˽µʱǸխС˽޵ı¶ܵĲ⡣
ֻǸʱ򣬶Է֮䡢֮͸¶ֲֶ֪ûʶ
ڣҲ̫
ֲջĿ⣬ǰ·ƽ̹ᣬ
ֲּԵ㱻ţǰƶ
ʱǰͽѾȥһˡ
Щͽֻһ֣λΪ׵˱ͽΪңǻһλ󵱼ҡ
ڲ֪Էж˵£һ·ϣҪע⡣
ֲϻߣֻܴӶԷ仯ж롣Ȼ²ֲ仯ľԭ򣬵ȷǶȻйء
콫ڣһƬǰժµҶҪ𣿡ֲ
ֲͷƬҶ
һȻҶڴߣʼ
ǰűɱ˵Ҷȴһܴɵ
˿̴ȴתģЩģ䣬ĳ
Ϥֲıʼĸӱ˺ȻһˣֲҲ¶һǰݸ˸һġȻ˵ı顣
Ȼ֪ġֲɲΪֻǵĸ
ֲϤ𣿡⻰Ȼʵ־䣬ǻ֮䣬һֿ϶ĳߡ
ֲ΢΢üΪɵĵˣû˭Ϥ
˽ôڶ˵һ䣬һĿ϶ش
ֲʲôʱֵģ
ȻĻصһʼֻǲ²⣬ֱڣųȷ
ֲԣ˼Ƭ̣գȥżңΪֻȥżһλżҸпĵ
ֲ²⣬ӣӦǰߡ
ͷȥżҵĿļ˵˳һΪΪϣΪԼ֮¸ۡ
쿴ֲżߵˣҲɡ
ֲҡµҲûбҪŸĿ⣺ҵЩ㶼֪ˣ֮ǰԣȼ۽һ⡣
̧ۣʡ
ֱֲʵ죬ʶģ
ֲѾȷ˽ǺҲȷ϶Է첢ûʲôνȴ޷֤˽᲻кǰǰ㻥ĽĿܡ
Щ£ҪŪ
룬صգΪ͵Ÿ
ֲ˼תúܿ죺ǾŸʶģ
š
ֲֵ֮ΪʲôԭԼϷ󷽵֣ʳʱֲ񵭶ȻȴΪĽŶԽ˽
û̻ش𣬶ǴóһƬҶӣΪ
ֲһ룬һҶӣ漴ֿ죺ΪǮ˵⻰ʱԼЩţʵԭȻ˼ҽӵ
ȻأҽҶӣҽṦ
˼򵥣
ţ˼򵥡
ֲʲôʱṦ
ʲôʱö룿
ֲĬٶˡ
˽˼ֽ׶ΣЩ£㵽Ϊֹ
Ǹ֪
£˽ֱֲ֮
˽ֻǵĽ׹ϵ
ǵ꾩ǧ˽Ҳ档
뵽⣬ֲĴ΢΢һĨǳǳĻȡ

һߣͬһʱ̡
أǴȥ꾩ıؾ֮·븶ֲͬһϵ죬˱ֲеЩͽ
ʱЩͽѾʶģ㱣ɫҰס
޴ʹ˼άң̬ɵ
ֿһƬ״ʱһ⡣
Ѹٹ۲һЩ״̬ţӦʱѾӹӶĻƥķӿٶǰȥ
˿ֻ̣һͷǱΣҪ׷˽
ӣȵѽһôǰҲ̫ΣգӣӣСںţԽԽԶС˸Ͻ׷ȥ
Ҫǹӳ£ҲõǮ


45 
ǿ, ١
ֲٶϵױȲһƥ
û̫ʱ䣬־ǰ״˸ֲ
ȷǰŵӦ˽ֲ֮ٶҲ, Ҳһ
Ȼ֪˽ʵǿ֪֪, ȴΪĶ׷ˡ
ȷ˽ûгºҲûм̾뿿
£ֵʵЩӵġͻȻ׷Ϊ˵Щͽ, ͷԷȣж˼ά
ڣ侲֮Ժ˼ת, ǵˣûֱӭȥ
ָомǽһ㡣
ϸһ, ֲġ, ٸ˽й׽Ĺϵʵ, ˽ûйϵ
ΨһԽǮΪϵʦͽϵ, ҲǼΪݵģάϵʱ¶
ǰϵ˽, ǺҴɴһ, ǳ׵ķ޹ϵһ޹ؽҪóȻǰţվЩЦġ
뵽˽ɣ־뵽Ϸ󷽵¡־Ʋ, ˽ͻȻս˵, Ϊ˿
һʼûв³˽Ǹˡ, ⵽׾ָ˭ֻ֪ӦǺ˽ĹϵȽ׽ˡ
ֱصջ˽еǸʮа˾žֲ
в²ҵĶɡ
Ͼ֪ˮ䰾˽Ƕкøеġ޸ҴɣΪȺ
һԱȣȻɵĿܸ
Ǻܿʹ²⣬˵˽еǸ˽ܶࡣ͵ֻ˽ʵ˽޸ֲֲΪżܱ
֮󣬾ֻһֿܣǱ˽ڼ޸ֲǲųģܣȻ˽ֲֵܻһ
˼ˣֵЩơ
ǰһ뵽ʱ˽̸ͬЦؿھͶµûš
Խ룬ֵԽǲˬ
ﱻ˽˴|˵Ĺˡ
˽Ǹˡúõģȴںɵһ
ʲôʲôѽ
սҲˡ
˺׷Ǹʱȫ෴뷨
ʲôóȻŲá
ƫҪȥûĴţȥƻ֮ķΧ
ֲĹˣʲôȫ
Цһӿٶȡ
Ȼˣţ˽ˣҲÿɾġ

ֲߡ
׷ʱǾѾˣ֮ûټǰҲûᡣ
£ԽԽֲ촽΢򣬿һۻԵ˽
ǲ֮󣬿ֲ۵׵Цһ䵭ˡ
µЩ䣬촽գһֺ¶ȵ֣Ŀһӡ
ֲڿֵʱҲͬһӵĿ⿴ֲ˵Ŀڿײʱڽ档
˲Щš
һ룬оֲĵ֮΢΢üƿߣĿתֲԱߵĸϣһһַǳǵһкѽ
컹û˵ֲͲ̲Ļһ䣺ѵ׷ģ
ЦˣһҲûбƵΣǷǳ󷽵ĳϵ׷ġ
䣬ֵⲻΪ̫˽𡣡˵ţһŸ¶һĲõЦݡ
ֳúÿַǳµĳࡣΪִԽϻһʱˣеִвʡ
ô湫Ȼ˽ʾãֲҲʵ᲻֪ǹô˵á
ˣֲԲ⡣
죬һļ˽йܹϵ죬͵ֻһݣֲһж޶á
ָоֲ仯ǹЦʱɢ˼֡
ԭƵҲ̹˲١
ӵ񳹵ֲգһ۽ޣԸ˵ԴϷ󷽵ҾͿʼ㡣
ˡϷ󷽵֡⼸֡
ֲһ㡣
ֲЦһת죺˵Ǹƨһļһ
죺
֣üͷһ壺ƨ棿
ֲ˦ȥһƮƮķһ䣺ѵ𣿡˵䣬ɨһ֣˼˵Ϊ͵ͬڸƨ档
Цˣʲôʱܴ˽˵ˣֲɵ˽׻᲻˵ֻȻֱó
棬Ҳȷ˽֪˽Ҳ֪ͬǸɡ
ֲصǲܴ˭˵˽ҵķɣǳϦԣܲһЩ뷨Ҳ¡
ֲҲǿˡҵķɡϦԡ⼸֡˽׽ϵ
𡣡ϻţȴûֲ⻰
ֿ죺Ҫȥ
ȻѾصһЩ˵˽ֲȥ꾩Ǵ˿̣װ֪һ㣬ʳһ䡣
ֲ״һ
죬װһҲԼжΡ
̧֣꾩
Цǻأÿ˳һ·
䣬ƺ뵽ʲô˵ҵļҶǶں棬·Ͽ˷ͽʬ壬Ӧǳֵġ
˵⣬΢΢˶٣һֲ漴ת죺·Ҳ֪᲻ͽУ˳ȫΪرһḶӦĳͣɺã
ԡ
С
˵һλ֮ͬʱһǸ죬һֲ
ֱӺֲľܾü΢䣬ЦӯӯĿŸǾˡ
ֲ촽Ŀ亮
ֲȣֵȴ̹ˡ
ˣ飬ɫ
Ψи죬ʼһ
˵ȸ͡
ԣҲŤֱӴǮóƬҶӡ
ֵнӹҶӣĴ΢΢ǮԽ࣬꾩ǣʳסвܸ⡣
ֲע⵽΢Ĵǣںܿʶ˽˵ҶԶ˸Ҫ֮Ҳ˲١
˽ͬ⣬ӦֻΪҶӡ
һֲ֮΢üͷҲչƳһۣû
ǣ˳µĻ˽ֲ˵ĶңһҲΪԼǴԩֵ֣ʼһͬ졣
һµʱֻ˳ժƬҶϵһƬҶݸ죺֮ǰӣ̽ҡ
ԡص
ԣ΢΢һ̡
һֱǰֲɴͬ⣬ֽһ˲漴Ͷȥһ
Ȼһ룬˳ֽӹֵݹҶ֮˵֣Ҷӡ
ִǵĻȣȻһ͡
ֲĴǣȴϹһĨǳǳĻȡ


46 
ֵĻͼҶͣĸ֮, ǵһǰС
ûʲôر֮ͨòͨ֡
Щ뵽ǰڵϿЩ־ʹķͽʵӦþϵΪ, ƾһ, ǾͲСơ
ֵСǰ, ʮĵѯ֣ӣʲʣҪҪȵˮ߳Ե㶫
ְ־ܾ
ʱѾصһ˼ڷ˽ϣûȥˮ߳Զ
ֲƳСһۣͶȥһ񣬲̲˵һ䣺ֻͬһС
ֲ֮ԸС˵˻ȥ, ˴һ, ׵ľ롣
Сһֱ, ҲһܻԹɫô˵֮ʲôҲûʣ͹ԹԵ˻ȥ˵öǰʼձҵľ롣
ǰ·ɽ֣Ϊ˲Եõ, ֲŻ˼ٶ, ŷ, Աܸƽȵǰ
, н˰ʱڿҪƬɽֵʱ, ɫʼ䰵ԭʵĻҲ
ܹ˴磬֦룬ϵĻҳγЩǵķɳ
ԣҪ´ס
ֲ̧ͷһܲգڵĸ˵ҪˣҼӿٶȣ쵽ɽš
ԣƿĻһۻɵգһá
ɽźӦûпŵĿջ
ոֲ׼ĵͼɽ֣ǰһٹңˮء
ˮ濿
ҲкˮϪˮɾ峺·ĲɢԵĹԡ
ˮ¥ǴˮϣǺˮࡣˮظһСˮĸомֽζ
ֲӿ˸·ٶȣûµÿ졣
ŸɽţСΪǸտʼµò󣬲պصƶϳ꼴١
ֲǰһҿջսŶҴ£ӿٶȡ
֣ڵһ֮Ϊ˱ⱻ꽽͸ͻصԼĶ飬
˿ջſڣֲû̧ջϵ֡
⼸ֲ֮΢΢򴽣лһĨ˼
ʱҲÿǰĻ˳ֲ߿ȥջдļֺҲ΢΢˶١
ֻɫϣƫУд֡
Ϊһҿջ֣ʵЩ졣
ֲͷ죬΢΢ѯ𣿡
Ȼͷϴ˶ңֲͷȴɱˮʪˣߵҲմȾӨ͸Ρ
Ϊ΢ĶŨڵĽëϻżˮΪڵͫ峺ȴìС
ֿһֲϵˮۣ漴صҰɡ
ֲͷá
˵ֵĶҲ˿ջ
ֲ͸ֻˣȴжʮˡǶʮһջܿ죬ջڱ߳һӡ
ӿʮ꣬еȣͷΧźϻһĲһСĴ硣
ֲԳӭС˵סꡣ
СЦӯӯӦϡȻڻӦֲĿȴһֱڴĸϡ
С۵׸ֳһĨŨŨľޣ漴һӵ̰Ƴԣƿϧ
ֲµ˳ɫ嵲ס˵СĿ⣬䣺·
Сջߣ̲壬ͷֲһƣλ͹к
ֲյĶԣֻ˲ţҵЩԾҶע⡣
һ
ֲ͸߽ʱС̲ס̧ͷֿһ۸졣Ŀڸ覵Ĳϣ˶Щһ㣬һºᡣ
ֲߣ俴ʱ˲ͷ
ֲ΢΢ü΢ס˸ְ֣Լ
оϴ⣬վԵֲֲ˵ĿֲŸֽ˽˵߰ɣȽȥ
˵ͷ
ֲ͸һ̤ջԭͷĵСٴ̧ͷĿֱֱĿŸıӰе׺ݺ̰ԡ
һĻվں󷽵ֿӢͦüҲ壬漴ԵСС˵һ䡣
С˵˵ͷ漴ֵֽĻСˡ
ҡջڲĿռܴ滷ƵĽṹ
¥һ㣬һŵķǿͷ¥мǿյģɾȵıΣΧվڶ¥Ĺϸ·
ڸֲԼֽ֮ǰջڲûˡǽ֮ԭĿջһ¾ͱ
ʱһʼӭӸֲλС˹Ըֲ΢΢λ뵽̨ߣǼǿͷ
ֲԣ̨
ֲʵǵ곤أ
Сصλȹȥ곤ܿ
ֲһۣ漴һͬ˹̨ʱֲŸûɿ
һľµֲ֣յ֣һ漴㽫ƿˣ۲Ĳ
ֲߵֲ̨֮ڸʾɿ֡ڹ̨ǰֵһңһӶ¥ķλõˡ
ţҲԳ֮Ϊᣬ͸һֲ֮С
ֲԼֵ˶ķȥֻһṫӴӶ¥һ̨ס
ṫݣģ㿡Σɫ԰ףǳûмһ㣬һЩС
˫ҲûʲôѪɫһɫĻۣһ׵ĺãͷͷһͬ׵
ԣ⿴Ĺӱҿջĵ곤
üһšܵų͸оʮֲӡ
ṫߵ̨ߣɨֲĿڴʱͣ˼룬漴ʵλҪ䷿˵⻰ʱϴһĨǳ΢Ц
Ȼ˾úÿ΢ЦȴΪ԰׵ĴɫͺɫԵмֹ졣
ֲһ䡣
ṫԣһֲֿһ۸죬˵ձ꽻ӣջԣλɻһ䷿Ǯס
ṫӵĻû˵꣬ͱֲˣá
ṫӼ״Ҳٶԡ
ܿ찴ֲԣΪֲ͸˰ź˷䡣
Сֲ͸¥ֳ֮ԼСС֡
С״ֵߣ֣ӣ˵
ֵȥҵķ䶩ڸո˵ĸڡˣԶ
СԣǶһ£һۣ漴ŵͷͰ˵ð졣
ֵͷֵȥɡ
жСС˻顣
Сȴţʧ֮󣬲ˣζҲˡϲĶŮӱӣз֮
Сת룬λɳǰ࿴۶һٵĸоӻῴҲʵ


47 
ջ
ֲ͸ڿջСĴ½˷, ֲɨһͷ漴ԿջС˵ȳȥɡ
Сͷֲ̧͸, ܿص͹ʲôԸ, ֱҡ塣˵仰֮󣬵Сת˳˷䡣
СŹ֮, ֱֲߵȼŵ̵¯ԣƮɢζ¯ˡ
ĩˣֲֿʼͷûò׵ĵط
ֲЩµʱ, , ֳ̫Ѩ, ȤĿֲܡ
ʱջ磬Ĵ, 졣
ֲڼͷ, ȷûв֮, ߵľԡϵˮһ¶, һǷж, ȷû, ֲŵˮ, һ, һԼȡ
ߵԣֵıյݸ졣
ӹ֮齵ıԵ, ˵Լ룺ȻҼͷû, ҿջܹŹ֡
΢򴽰, 룬˵ҿջǺڵꡣ
ֲͷǡջǿջĵСǿջϰ壬϶͸һֹ֮
رǴɫ۵Ŀջϰ壬ֲϰһҽ֮󣬶Ըζ͸Ϥ
ǿջϰɫҰף˫ɫֻǲ꣬ϣɢһҩζ⣬Լ͸һɵѪζ
һԼѪζԴ˿ϵѪǾ˵ǿջϰǳѪҺӴˣΪֻŻմȾɢȥѪζ
뵽⣬ֲЩ²⾡˵˳
ԣ˼
Ƭֲ̺ɴɫĲ֢
ֲʵ˵ֻܴжϳ麮ѪӦอ⡣ģҪͨȷϡ
ԣûϼʣ˵ҷע⵽ϣһ㱡룬Ǳλãս֮˲ŻС
ֲüҲˡͷеˮջΥ֮Ժи֣еĻ涨һʼǸС˽
ֲ˳ۣ֮СЩΪá
ֲ⻰˵꣬ĹϾһŲ
͹ۣ롣Сдš
ȥõľƲ˱СԵС˵
áֹˡھ˽ֲķʱƫͷ˽ŵķ䣬˽Ų
ŷֲ͸һ㡣
ҴڸеķʽøЩЦ
ֲķڿջҲһĵڶ䣬ʱ򾭹ǵķ䣬ֵķ䣬ֲֻһ䷿
ֲɫΪŪĶЩͣ۽գһ£ɫĿڣ˼Ҫ
ֲ⻰˲㽫עϣصԼߡ
ʵʲô͵Ļ
ֲԣû̻ش΢΢ԡ
״ĵ׵ĺ汻һ飺ôùࣿ
ֱֲ̧Ÿ۾˵һ仰Ƿ޶ɵĻ
ޣüеıյԵİϣվߵֲǰ΢ʣ¶һģǲ¶ǵģ
˵⻰ʱĴ΢кżζЦ⣬īڵͫﵹӳŴߵֲ
ĽëܳڶŨܣ˷˳£͸ӰͫϣֲһԼǱϲŵĸо
ֲָ֣ḧһ¸գһЩ|˵ģ㿴˱֪
ĩˣʸ죺Ҫ𣿡˵ҿһ𡣡
ãǱһ𡣡
ô˵ţգֲûпǼ
Ϊûãű˴ˡ
ֲ˭
ֵҡ
ֲ
ʱѹ룬ٹʱʱֲҲܲµ첻ȥţȴ˽ţǴʲô⡣
վſڵ㿪ţҪ˽
ֲûҲûֻ΢΢ƫͷת˸졣
ֻ̧̧Ƥֵ˵һ仰֮󣬸ı⡣
ҶӡµԼǱ˵֣ն˵֡
ֲ
վ׼ȥֿš
ʱֲһ˵ȥߵſڣŴˡ
ֲţվ֡
ּŵֱֲԽֲ˷ڵĸ죺ҽȥ˵Ŀڸϣȴڶֲ˵
ֲԣ˵һˣǷ޵ķ䣬²
һסֲ֣û˵־Լٶȣ
ԣֲͬ˵ϻ
ЩνȣԼִԽ֡
ֲ촽ʱճһӲֱߣǷŰѵҲ˽תôҵ죬źĿһĨ絶µǽ
֣ûвֲĺһ㣬ֻ߸׼ȷһ˵ȫ⳯Ϯ⣬ߵ˸ߡ
Ҫʲô
û̻ش𣬶ǴǮóƬҶӣṦѧˣ书ȴѧۣҸͣʱ䵽ʱ
죺
ֲ
Σ۾ģȴŸĻشƺһҲûоԼ˵жôס
ʱ䵽ʱǵҹ
ֲüͷ壬һֱӽŪĳ嶯ڿ˸һۺ󣬵׻סˡ
ڻС
ڻʺϡ
ֲԼ˵š
ߵߣһеĽҶӣ漴죬ĬƬ̣˵һ仰ʵûǰ
֮⣬Ǹ첻ҪΪƬҶӣȥӦҪ
ֲ⻰˵꣬컹ûлػ־һ˵㵽óҶӰֲ֮ͶȥһƮƮ
ֲЦһֵڿһɵӣɵǮࣿ
һĸݵ˻ձлꡣ
ûֲתصϣһ飺У
쿴һеĽҶӣȴһ£ջ͸ŹŹ֣ؽҹǲ̫ƽ
ּ첻ش±ֽܾ˵ټƬҶӣ͵ǱѡҸоҿջ̫һҺڵ꣬ҴаȫС
˵һʼĳеƫⷬû١
ֲ㲻мҶ𡣡
ַУǲ
ֲĬ봹ۣ˼
֮󣬸ƬҶӣͬʱͷ
ֲ֮ԻĬҲԼĿͬǴһ䷿вɿƵⷢ覹˼֮ʱǿԽƳȥ˽ǰ档
գ·ʱγһ΢ıĬһռ֮¡
ķ绹ںХʱʱһƵҹע˲ƽ


48 
ڡ
ɱ湲ʶ˸ŸԵ¡
, ֲ뿪֮ǰᡣľԣŸӸѧۡ
ֲ鰸, ŪĳϺɫĲҩ
ֿٶȺܿ, ãһͼԺдѧ۵ῴһʱ, Щڿʵ, еᣬԼһˮ
յ, һߺһ߿Ǳߵĸ졣
, ӶƯ˼ְַůɫĹֱ֡ĵĳ
ȻǴտ, Ƕڳˣ˭һȻȻ͡
ôĿ, ˮĶҲͣ
ֵ, ʮȥ֮󣬶ԾûջĿʱ, ΢΢̧Ƥ, 
һҲûһֱű˱ֵ, ǳŸЦЦ
ĳַǳŵ忡˵ʱѧʶԨī͡Ȼƫƫһĳ࣬΢Цʱ, ȴ͸С
һֺܺƭܴĸо
ʵϣַǳĴ, , ˼άתü졣
ʱ, һֱڽŪҩֲ˼
, ŽߴӸջأתֲ
յıյϣűߵ鰸ߡġɫҲʮֲҩЩʵʲô
ֲû֡
ֲӣҲգںĵʹ£ȥ
ֵָ촥ϺɫҩʱֲŲ䲻ȵ˵һ䣺ƤһӴͻ÷
͵һ١Ȼֲ⻰ʵдֻǸϽջ֣µļһԼָ⣬ǷմȾҩ
ΪֲֲŪҩΪ˸ɾš
ֲⷴӦЦһ
򴽣˲ʶǻֲֻһ˵
ʵȥһʼǰ㣬Ϊ˸ɾ
һҲûֲ߻صԼһֱλãٴδᡣ
ʱһһš
꽥СˣǷȴɹεúҡĹϣĵҲҹɫļջڵĵСϨ˼յ
ʱ룬Ĺȫ
ջð
ֲŪõĲҩŪŰָ׿ǴСҩ衣ȳԽȥһţȻŵݸ졣
Ҳûҩ;ֱӾһȥ
ּ״ҲӸһҩ裬̷
ҩֲֲ֮ʲôã
ֲûشȻǲֽʲô
ֱһ룬Ҳ֮󣬲ҲżѯʵֲŻһ䣺һʱڣ߸|ҩ
üô棿´ֲҲ֪ġ˵һ䣺Ϊֻͨձ
˵⻰ʱǹһĨЦڵ٩ֲֲƿûʱ˿ĽǶִǵĻɢͫһĨ˼
Ȼֲˮ䰵ԭ֪Ҵɣܴ
Ը񣬻ʵ
׷˽ֲ֮ǰ۲ϵЩͽһŻƤķͽǲ֮⣬ͽϲûԵ˿ڡ
Ȼʱֲ̣ܶûϸȷŻƤķͽӦһȺ˵죬Һ¡ͽӦܵ˾޴ˡ
ŻƤķͽΧмƬմȾѪҶڿǼƬҶʱֱ֣⼫п˽ġ
ʣµЩͽ˽㼫пֲˡ
Ǹʱ򣬶̶̵ʱʵѾ˺ܶࡣգǸԴԣΪҪȷ˽˻
֮ڻҲΪĹ͸һ׷|
׿ֶ˽΢̸еģԼԶ˽ȴ˽
ڵص·˽ͬ˽һ
˿̣־ãֲȻȫµٻ֪δصʱ򣬶ԷǴһֱǡ
쵱ǿڹؼʱ̣˽ΣյĹֲ֮вãȴҲĬ
һڵʱ䣬һֲֿһ֣㽫ϵϨˡ
£ûȫȻֲָڣȴֻܴſ
ڰὫ˵йٷŴֲߣס˸֡
ʱҲŲ˽Ų˸һࡣȻûֲǰס֣ȴ˸죬ֱҲ븶ֱһ
оҲֵ΢΢˶٣Ͷȥһ
ܸоͶߣʱЩšϷ󷽵ʱҲûй˽֫Ӵȴûд˿̸ĸо̡
ΪںڰУΪ˽һ࣬һˡ˵ֲ˽׵ɡ
˽ɣ졣
֪ľ˽컥㺣ɹһɿĵط||||ꡣ
ԭݵӰ£˿ֵ̣ȻΪĳص˷ܸжʼļӿ죬ԭƽȵĺЩˡ
ȻǺԣȴʵʵڵܵӰ졣
򴽣ƽź
ֲоǲԵı仯һĨɱֹܿƽ
촽գԭŸҲɿˣһ룬ֱ̧ס˸졣ʵֱȦŸĺԼߡ
뵽µҲûٿ
ʱӰ
ͬʱ⡣
谵Ļһܴ˴ĺӰ̴˽
˼˯ȻСƬ̣ĺӰȴûн䣬ѹʼС̸š
ҹôŹǣ
û취Ǵ󵱼µ˶ΣԱʲôӡ
аɣվ뿪أ
Ӧòᣬ󵱼˵ⱩӦûա˵꣬һ£ֵ󵱼ҵƾȽΣ۲һգҹȰѵؽ˵ĴˣŪǡ
ȥؽѡ
ߡ
Զֲ֮˼Ƭ̣Сʸ죺Ҫȥ𣿡˵ĶԻᵽ˴󵱼ңǼʱǰǰͽһġ
һ䣺ȻҪȥġҲ뿴ҿջﵽʲôܡ
ֲͷáס֣ھȥ
գգ۽ޣ;ˣ
ֲԴ֮ûҪͬһ
־ܾúܸɴࣺ˵ʱδҪ˽ġ
ִӷ˵Ŀжϳջ˲Źǣˣԭرĵȴ
Ҵĳֺڵа£ɲƣ˽ߣȫ׵ġ


49 
ʱĩ֡
ջ, 졢ֲԼˣϢĸ˵
Ƭ֮, ڰĸ, Ťһأ, һ°򿪡
ֲһ, һ룬˵, ֲ, ѸײڶٶͬʱΡ
һ۵ڵϵˣֿһ·
Ϊ涼ûеȵԵ, ΢¹£ֻܿһҵĽݡ, һƬ, һſĴڰ㣬һëȻС
ʶ̧Լֱ, ˵ӲС, Ҳº, Ϊ˼άḻתÿ죬԰롣
ŵʱ, ʵԼԼ
˿̣, ˼š
ֲ˵ǽȥ
򴽣ȷҪȥֵѹúܵ͡˵⻰ƺЩ°, ͸һԼ|ܺʹ|
첻䲻ȵĻһ䣺ҲȻȥ
ܾ̾
, Ҳ˵ϻ, Ų̤˰Ľݡ
ֲ״ӿٶȡѸߵֲ֮΢ڸĶС˵ǰ档
һ
֣Ҳ̸ٶȣֲǰ֮ռ˸Եλá
°ƺܳ
࣬ʮ׵ľ룬һ̨̨СҲϸȼĻֻΪխİ΢ĹΡ
ⰵխҲûдҵĿȼֻһסһ͵ĳ߹˲ߣԻԵЩˡ
Ǹݵģֱͦıϸһ÷е
븶ȣҪߴҲ˿̣͸첢ţûп߿ֱۻʱʱĦ˸
첻ɫƳһۡ
һɲǼ䣬оĿ⣬ֲͷ΢գһһ޹״
ջߡ
΢̣ǰ
°涼͸磬ܱյĹⰲƺֻиϸŵĺǷŵúĽŲ
ԽߣԽ谵ҲԽ亮
ֲûʲô仯ֵĽŲȴһЩǺһ߿븶һһ
Ųһ١
ǰֲŲҲһ٣а㣬عͷڿ븶ĵ棬ֱֱ֡
һ˲ı̺ĳ˷㤵ɱ⡣һҲɣʱʣֲԻὫŪ
һ룬ֵ촽һǿ־ֲһס˸ͬѰο㣬ƣڽ˵ֲߡ
ּС˵ҡ¡
˵ʮȻһҲûԼһȴ˵ִʻľȡ
ֲЦ
۽ۡ
ֲ״ǵĻȶʱˡ
촽΢ֱ˦һ仰Ҫô·ҪôھŪ㡣
֣
˿ȣһֱδ۵ĸ졣
ֲҲͬ˸졣
Ŀ⣬ɫ糣ǿֲһֽۣתװװ𾢵֡
Ҳ˵ô֡
Ƿǳƽ񣬵ֱôţĪһ
ֱǸϽ֡
ֵĿһ룬Թջ֣ͬʱĽŲҲŲţ븶ľ롣
ֲ״Ʒ̰ĿһۣЦһ󣬱ת
С
֣
ִһ⼸֡
һҲֳԵıŭ
֮䣬ƺ뵽ʲôϵŭ⾡ɢ
ֻ˽˲˵㲻ֲոֲܿ𣿡
û˵ֲֻͬһһ
Բ
֣ǲԲɣ
Դ˽￴Ƶ˼
ֳĬˡ
Ŷ˵˼֣㡣ĩˣǰֲ
ԭصַ˽ֲıӰ뵽˽˵֣ҡҡͷ
ðɣȷʵЩ
ԼʵЩ⣬ʲôʱôɵҪ˽ϣһӮһ㣬һҲûƽ硣
ȻǸʤɣ
ַԼ
ܿ죬Ҳ˼ûټװµ
˼°ߣһΣû߶ã˾ʹǰһҺµ
δ𡭡δ𡭡δ𡭡
ˮʱ죬ǰѪζȴ˵µҺ岢ʲôˮѪ
ʱǰֲٴͣǰѾû˽ݣһƬһ䷿ôĿռ䡣
ڿռ룬һ붼ȵԡء
ֲ˫գվԭأǰԡطµɬ
ǰ˳ֲ߿ԡ֮ü΢Ҳ˲
ǰ֣ڿѪȾԡأԼԡرԵǱѪСŮ֮л𾪺ͷŭҲ֮
СŮңɫ԰ףۻ˯ţ屻ӽţһ˿ڣ˿Ѫԡ
СŮԱߣ˯ˣһһŮͲǺܴǷޡСŮüۺ˺ƣӦһڡ
һǰ־֪Ҫʲôһ㣬ݸһذס
ӹذףСŮǰ˳ذ׸СŮϵӣȻסСŮѨѪҺŵͬʱסСŮ
֮󣬸챧СŮصֲߡ
ֲóһɫСҩƿ԰СŮڵϡֱСŮĸ˵˿ϡ
ԣ̧ͷӹСҩƿֲԣСҩƿеİɫĩСŮ󴦡
ֶСŮϴССıˣḧСŮΪʧѪ԰׵ɫ۵׵ķŭҪЩµˣ磬Ѿûĵߡ
⻰˵֮һֲҲڸԡصб෽𡪡
ǲףΪ棬νĵߣͱ¡
һĽԡб෽ʯǽ򿪣ţһɫ۵Ӵʯǽ˳
Ŵ׵ĺãݲ԰ףӺܸߣȴƷһͻᵹƵġĹӲǱˣǼʱǰλΪǰǼǵĿջϰ塣
뼸ʱǰǲ԰׵Ĵɫȣʱ˫ܺ죬ǸոպȹѪһ㡣
ĿһСŮȻɨ˸ˣ߶˸ϡĴ΢һĨȣȻڶԸ΢ЦЦȴ͸һͷƤɭ
һ룬촽⶯һ׽Ÿ죺㳤õǺÿ
ֲüͷһŲһ嵲סӿߡ
֣ҲŲ壬˸СŮǰ

ջϰ忴һĻǹЦŨˣ۾һֲֿһ֣ˣЩ˼


50 
˵⻰ʱ, ջϰ͸һζǹĻҲԵԽĹѱ档
ֲüͷøˣµ沿ҲΪüĶ, øӵӲʡ
촽΢, ˵һԵȴѾһ, , θɣ
ЦƳջϰһۣ˲˹˥ȹܹԼɡ
ջϰ, ȴһҲ, ˵λСӣ쵽ͦ˵
ĩ, ֲֿһۣˣӦûϲΪ׼Ĵ񡣡
ֱֲſջϰ, ǹˡ
ջϰЦȻ˵, Խֲ뿴ֲĸ졣ֲθߴ, ԽӰȫ, ջϰ岢ܿ
΢΢˶, һתΪûˣЩû뵽, һҲ
䣬̧̧Щ, Ƹ̾˵һ䣺˵Ĺϵ, ʵȤ˵, ƺΪ˵, Ŵ˼¡
һΣֲֶû˵ûӣȴԼͬĴջϰĻһЩ֮
ֲ뵽·һͽ
󵱼ңҡ
͵ֻǳƺϣѾ㹻˵ˣ·ǲͽջϰӦһġ
ͬģǰӣƺҲһͽĳٳδУеԭܺйء
Էشǰ㣬ǻ°ҲǶԷĽ
Ȼ̤ջһ𣬾ѾԷˡ
ԷƶϳǵӦòͣµǲᱻµǻڷ֮˵
Ƿ̵ˣ˵һӿԸĽ
˼ܡ
ֲͬʱ뵽⼸֡
ʵֲ²ģû̫ɫ۵Ŀջϰ壬ȷʵƶϳ˶ҵһˣӦǱ⼸˻еĳɱ
ֲ֮ǰȷֲһǼ˺Ե֣һֻһ
˿̣ջϰ嵽ǿȷˡ
뵽⣬Ƴһ۵ϵСŮ
漴뵽ʯǽһĻû뵽ɫӣǼ书ϳ˵һ
ջϰĿʲôֲҲ纮̶㾹һ꺢ͯ̽
ջϰȴЦԲ̽Цã˵ĻȴɭɭȻҲһ𡣡
˭ţһĵһֱδ˵ĸ죬СŮֲֵͯ˳
ּ״ӸнӹڻԵСŮɡԸ˵
û˵ʲôеСŮ֡
̧̧ƤϿջϰζĿ⣬ĵ͸һУǲǾãǼȻ㣬°ô֮һУҲƻǰ㷢
ջϰҡͷҿɲδô˵ȻȻôشţü֮¶һţȴڻشⷬ
˵̫ţɲһ¡
ջϰԣÿɷЦ
һ۾ĿڸƶͫתһĨصɫһ´ǣƺ˵㳤ÿѪӦҲΪա
һ֣ջϰ廹δ˵꣬һϸֱֱĺȥջϰ巴ӦҲ죬Ƥǰһ룬˹
ȻǶ㿪һ룬Ƥȴļ˲ƣ˿ڴѪ
һĨȴӿջϰлȻµߵˣŹִڡȴû뵽ԷֵٶȻ죬ЩҪ
ӦѸ٣ǻᱻֱӴƺ
ȵ⣬ջϰ忴˵ϵһöϸɫ롣
ֲԼˣǿ˿ջϰѪ򥡣
ֵͫһ£Ѫô˵ѪϺɫģ
ֲֻ֣ĿҲͬһĨȡֵĸ̾ѪҺɫֲͬǻΪӾȻ֮󣬷·Ӱһ㣬úվԭء
жغȻѾӵѪҺԷȴһ㡣
ΪۿֲЩͽĸ죬ȻҲȻֲµ³˿̵롣
ҩˣͬʱģֲ˵֡
һԵԣ۾תһ£ܿ˸ֲ˼
һЩԣǱһΪڸֶܵĳָı䣬γٶֵʣԵ|ֵڵĸֶء
ˣ֮Ϊҩˡ
ջϰ֣δǼ˵ϵһö룬ϸ˿ǣǱ
Ȼʵ䣬ӵȴ͸һֿ϶
ֲû˵ֻһָΪĪ⿴úƷһͻᵹӡ
ջϰоֲĿ⣬һЦһ룬ָһɣ⡱һ䵽˵ϣ˴̶졣
ָ̧֣Ĩȥ˿ڴѪҺ˹Ķš
ʱѪȾԡؿʼð˰̣һֵζҲƮɢ˳
ţԡΧűϷֱֱµʯǽסգ֮䣬ռͱһյҡ
һֱСŮһֻ̧ס˿ڱǣ뽫Ƕ䣬ס˺
Ȼֲ֪ԡƮɢζʲôֱǶȻǱ̸ѿƵĴڡ
ջϰ΢ЦĻصϾΪ׼ġ̯֣忡ݣǵĻȴǯ}ޱȣ˯ȥʲôʹ඼оѵ𣿡
ҩˣζӰ죬ͨ˲С
üͷ壬Ȼ֪ʱ˵ζ룬ûס˵֣в
þвһòᡣ
˿̣ʶϵͳҲǳͬѧ˵˵֣[в]
ۣջϰ͸һ˿⡣
ҲʱͻȻоԼĿʼʲôĴһ㡣ԴбŵСŮ
ֵͷһֻеСŮϵƤһжϺڣԭʧѪ԰ɫϣҲֳ˹Ϻɫ·
ַӦܿ죬ʶԾ֮ѸٽСŮڵϡСŮֱӽӴֲƤ˿̣ҲͬϺɫ
ֲ״ץס˸󣬽˫̯СŮӴģҲʼϺ֮һֱ򶨵ֲЩˡ
ջϰ建˵Ϊ׼ļλɻϲ
ֲ߬ˣɱ⾡ԣڵͫǶѻ˲
ѸٵסĴһѨλ漴ֵסѨλ
ȻѨλ֮ȻֹסˣֵƤȴʼ̣ҲЩɬͷʡ
ﰵһ
ͻȻ͸Уô£


51 
, Щˡ巢ȡ֮УͺһŻĴҴڣ΢΢, еҪõĳָ|ο
֪ӿ, Ķգǲ, һ㱡ĺΡ
סԼĲ, źܵĵ⡣
ȣĺҪٵö, βɷһǳɢı졣
챾ͳʮֺÿ, ˿̣ܵӰ, Щ谵Ĺϣĳһֶ
һ˫Ưķ, Ϊƶ۳Щˮ, ڵͫʰţŨ۽޴, ӳһƬ˵Ӱ
ֿһĻ, ϵʱ, ҲԾ¹һ¡
ֲֵĿ⣬ŲŲֱӵסߡֲס˸, о¸ԽԽȵ¶ȣֲҲԽԽİ䡣
, ڿֲ߱˵ס֮۾һ, ȶ
Ƭ֮, , ԶĿջϰ壬촽⶯ǹɷӿ⣬Щ³˼֣ʲô
һڣɳƶͳ
ջϰԣ̯̯֣˺úվʲôûĩˣõ˵ԡƮɢϲˡ
һ仰ջϰǼӵĸԴµƺѾ鷢չࡣ
ʹⷭӿֵ˼άתúܿ졣ӿջϰ̶̵һ仰Ѹٷܵԭ
֮˻ܵӰ죬ޱȣΪΪڱСŮϵĶȾֱ֮Щš
ԭǽӴ¡
뻹Ҫ˲÷
ǰ߿סڱסߣֻҪϾһᱻƿմȾ
µһֵ֮
ڼִ̫ãԽ֮Ϊ˱˲֪ݣԼԶ㿪ƣʼࡣ
ʵȴǣһĶ⡣
뵽⣬һֻ߬ȭ߬ţָ׶ݽֱϸǱ
ߣִ˿֪̾ͷһԼڵģ𽥷ȵ΢βȣȴԽԽ䡣
ֲоϵı仯ս˸󣺡㡭
ֲ˵ʲôһ룬ֱֲ̧۾ҩܷ
ֲԣƺʲôһ۸ģһ֣ܡ䣬˵ʱ
ͷáֲ
ȷֲضش
ԶĿջϰֲⷬԻʱЦҡͷֲʱҵĽҩδ̫Լ
ֲȴû
ֲĿһֱڸϣ븶߶ӡ
˴˽һֲ֮ɿ֡
֡
ֿŸĿ岻ЩŵĿڵ
ȻŸշһһ룬ͱֱ˸ֵ
ڱ۵ȥһ˲䣬ʵ뿹飬ʵڵȣȻﲻʲôæûҪ˵ͽΡ
ƣ
쿴һ۵ڵϵ֣˲ԶĿջϰ壬ñдżɳƵɤ赭д˵һ䣺Щˡ
ջϰ仰ǹĻȴˣƺø컹ܴʲôв
Ͼû˭˶ֱȾˣᷢǿ˹ֻӾڵ⣬|ĥ
׿һ㲻̸ﴦµĻأֻҪԵĻأ˸ûл
ңиҪһǡ
ʡ
ջϰ忴ϻڻԵһһŮóһذףյļ˶׼Ůӵλá
ֻҪһذ׾ͻ̽Ůӵࡣ
£ռλ
ʱ˺ͣߡ
뵽⣬ջϰȤĿֲ͸죺Ǵ
ֲƳһذж׼ŮӣЦһΪһ˵ĮҲƽ䡣
ջϰ΢΢һ٣۾
ֲƺȷ仰еʵԣֲĮȻ˵ѪҲʶߵȷʵ˵
ǡ
˲⣬Եأ
ջϰֿ˸졣
ȻӸһƬƽһ޲ĺˮûһ˿
ջϰü΢š
Ӧõġ
˶СŮ⡣
ΪڣȴڿСŮĸĸܵΣպȴֵƽ
ǿαװǡ
ջϰ˼תţһ룬Ҫαװ
⻰µ˲䣬һѸ͵ļջϰһݣӦҪжĲͱһֻס˱͵ײʯǽϣһѵ
ջϰ³һѪһ𾪵ƫͷ࣬Ȼ߻û߬ˣͱԷóذֱӴؿڣ屻ᴩذ׵ļ˴͸εûʯǽ
ջŵ֣ڿջϰĶ˵ҪαװΪ㣬в𣿡
֣˵úᣬջϰڿһС
ջϰͫ͵ɪסҵʹָһŤʯǽĻأȻȴһö̴ذһ㣬ûǽڡ
ջϰ忴|öֲ
ֲûпΪϵŮ
Ƭ̺󣬸Զ˿ջϰ弸߹ֲվջϰǰ
ջϰʹ࣬˵ȡȿȡɱңͻᱻԶ
üȥĻǿԼң㣬
⻰ջϰЩˣĿ˵ûԼֳǰްɣڵǹɻһֱڡ
ջϰĻ⻹û˵ֲ꣬ס˲ؿڵذףһһ߻˵Ͳˡ
ֲͬʱջϰҲʹ˹ȥ
ֲ״üö̽ջϰѨλԷֹʧѪ
ȻŪڻʺϡ
ֻñջϰ˺ˣֽŻ塣
󣬸쿪ʼеƶҵĻأֲΪСŮ˼򵥵İ
촩Խ˺ܶ磬ÿѧ֪ʶ뼼ܶһ֣ܹãһ࣬ԣѡ
ûö೤ʱ䣬ҵ˻ء
̨Ų˲̨·İɫť
һ¡¡ǰʯǽ򿪣ʯǽıһ䣬Ÿֲҩֵֹҩƿ
ɨһ۷ڲתͷֲ˵ãԽⷿĶӦ㾡ӦĽҩ
ֲԣȴû̻ػߵߣס˸֡ԭƫ͵ģֲֽӴʱֲϵ¶ȴߡ
Ȼ£ĵȶȴֲ»Ҫ߳ܶࡣȻȻƮɢԡѾڻصºˣǸǰܵӰ죬ȴû
ˣڸ첻ǰǿ˹ѹڵ͸ӷӿ
⣬Ѿǰ㣬ֻҪξܽˡ
ΪˣȻ㡣
ΪԸֶҽΪ|еֲҲͬ
ֲս˸ֱ֣Ÿ۾ڵͫתһĨ⣬һһ䣬˵ҩиݵķ
֮ҲȸĻش΢ֱ˸˫


52 
׵罻ӵҹ, ԭСһμӴ󡣿ХſջΧľ˻졣
ҹµĵջ, ڱ, ԶԶȥͬЩħûվɭɭ
˿̣ջĶӻǿҶԱȵ, Ǹֲλڵҩ䡣
ʯǽ, ׵, ҲХķ
ְĿռ
ֻиֲĺ
ֲͻȻǣøͫ΢ţϵһ˵ȡ
ֲ, Ÿ, һ룬ſֱۣʵı۰Ȧס˸Լʹ֮ľø̡
, ҲһʼֻǴ|ǳǳ|, ڵ̽Ĵ|
һɲǼ, ܵ˶Ӱ, ֲȴΪݼȡܰ㣬΢΢˺
ֻס, Ϊ̯, ڸĺ󱳡һֻ̧, ָĦŸ췺β
ʱҲ֣ûлӦֲӵֲϴŵϡ
ָĦһߣ΢΢ƶߵȡ´
ֲݵǣһסֹ˸Ķ
촽û˵
ֲҲųĬ
ȻڸΪֲὫȡʱԷΧĵϨˣȻںڰĻϵȡ
ţȡߵֲһο졣
ԼУ˿̣¶Ⱦ븶һߡ
ԣŵǸǣѾеĿ|
ʹ⽥ӿ˳
ڰĻ£֮߱󣬸쿴ֲݣֲҲ˿ϵı顣
ҲΪܵ谭
й٣Խ
ֲһ΢˫յ˸Ķϣ˵˵ģҪ꾩
ֲɳƶͳڸĶ˵ƣ͵͵ɤ͸һ˶΢Ĵԡ
ֲ˵ˣҲû²š
ֻסֲĲ˫ֲü壬Ȼ󻺻£Ĵǡ
󣬾֮ǰǰ㣬ֲ򥡣
ڸϸܵֲҲԽԽȡһƬëļ⣬Ʈļⷢʡ
ֲĺأĺܲ˸۵ĥ㣬˫סգһ󣬽ڿձϡ

ľʵ沢رĽʵҸֲϡ
ֲ֧Ÿ죬ŸĶ죬ǽͷֲļϣֲж΢΢ļ
ƶʱš
ܵӰ챻֮ҩҲһںľƳɵľϣֳ̫ѨĿڵƽҩֲ
ʱβıѾȫɢȥü֮䣬ȴԾתһǵջ
ģһĵ״̬ȴһƷĶӶ
ֲ
ůƵĹֲϣΪһɫĹѾ´ߣֻ¶˸Ϥ°
Ĳӡһ|ۺͳ|ۣǸµģֲʱ
˿̣Žҩֲ˸档
רעŪţŨīڵĽëΪͫһɫӰʹۿ䡣
Ǹһμֲҩ
Ȼ֮ǰֲ֪ⷽó
ȴδۼ
ֲ֪ġ
Ҳֲ֪ⷽ츳
Ҳ츳Ҳֲڶ̶һµʱסļܡ
Щ룬µҩ
Ȼֲ֮ǰӦǻʲôЩֲ
뵽룬뵽صһҹֲ£˵Ҫ
ؾ֮£͵ȵǵ꾩֮
뵽⣬΢΢˹ǡ
ԶֲȻûкԵĿ⡣Ͼעӣûм޶á
ֲ֪Է˿̵룬ܴŲ³ǶȻйء
ֲô²ţҲֱ˳ôˣ
صûʲô
ֲٹӣŪˡ
һš
̵ĶԻֲ֮ҲעȫеĻϡ
ֲ֮ԣҩ˳
ֲȽҩι˱ֳԡҩ֣ĴϺۿɼٶȿʼɢ
ֻۺȷҩûֲŽҩݸ˸졣
½ҩĴϺҲѸɢˡ
쿴һԼģ뵽ʲôֲ֮ҵйӴȴδܵӰ죬ĪΪҩƹʣ
ֲͷһĶزӰ쵽ҡ
ֲ⻰һ˵꣬־һЩ͵̫Ѩһߵ˸ֲߣұַ֮ʲô
˵ֵʱֻ⿴˸һۣ¶һ˿Թ
ֲȻ˵㲻Ҫַ֪ʲôֻ֪鷳½˾С
Էȴߴ첱һǺ֮͵һ١ƫͷֲڷֲĲϣҲͬ|ĺۼ֮΢΢һ
뵽Լ˽֮ǰԼ˽⣬ܿʲô
üͷ΢΢һ˫գǿѹĵ׵һͷСװʲô֪һ㣬ֲùҩתȥιڻԵСŮˡ
˵·һֱ˽ֲ
ʵԼûʸ˽ֲ¡
죬ȴҲûʸ˽ֲ֮䡣
ûûκε
ֲƳһֵıӰһ
쿴ֲ
ֲǵĻ˲ָ
ûãҵ˵ҵĿأʯǽŴ֮СŮ
ֲһһסҩѾѡǻȱСŮĸĸ
֣һĴ˿ջϰ塣
СŮ˹СŮĸĸҲƽһڣ˵ģΪǡ˸ǣҺڵȺ޹ܺǣȴûǰ˵Ļȡ
콫ѾһϢǿһĿջϰϵСŮһǰȻǴ˽Ǵ
ջϰ£ȫֲˡ
õ÷Ǻ·ѧǰͽһʹĥ𽥶
콫һذ׵ݸСŮСŮ˵˽ˣ¡ȻȻƽȴһŷħ
СŮӹذףͷ˿漴ս
еĺǲйضΪһӵʺӰ
Ļ⣬ȴܶԶʴȡ
СŮգذ״˿ջϰĺ˽
ǰСŮϵѪĩˣסСŮΪɱ|˶塣
˵ûˡ̵֣ᡣ
СŮԣĳرһ㣬һ£죬˳
ḧСŮıȥˡ
ǵģһжȥˡ
ֵֵķԸ£Щʬȫˣⳡյıȥ֮ձ
ֲ·
֣ҲǸڸֲߡ
һʼȣջ֮ºһ·ϵ԰˺ܶ࣬˼ʲô¡
ֲԴˣȻּɡ
Ϊǰļ䣬ֲΪֱͲ˳ۡȷǰ첻ֲͬͶˡ
˽ǰQ
߰ʱ͵ء
죬ûټǡ
뵽⣬ֲ΢һĨǳǳĻȡ


53 
ʱ, ء
ֻһ𣬱ͷҲصĽء
꾩ڣ󷱻
ֲһ, оֵ, ̷ǰŸ̯λ̯λĺ󷽣¥·ַǷ
ǳ꾩, ֲ͸꾩ǵ·βϤ, ٽʱ, ٹһǸŵʱ
ֲƻţͷڵĸ˵һҿջЪš
ҵ۸ʵķԴҰ仧һа׵һʱɵ¡ڴ֮ǰ, Ҫסڿջ
ֲ˼, ĵĻصġ
꾩ǻʶΪĵط˺ܶ࣬óƵ
ΪԸкܴһֲ꾩, ûй̶ס, 꾩еĿջ, طܶࡣ
ûö೤ʱ, ֲҵһҲСҲĿջ
ջΪ󣬹¥
, ֲͬվһ
ӭ͵ĵСп, ǳǰ, ϰԵĿڣλ͹ס껹ǡ
⿴ʮĵСû˵꣬ڴ֮ԭĻ˲Ϳ˿ǣǱ˵Ѩһ㣬ֱֱĶŸ졣
ֲ״üͷ΢壬˵סꡣ
ֲСĶԭڴеĵСźܿĲЩ죬뵽Լŵĳ㣬òС
ȥֻ΢΢ͷֱ۶Ըֲһƣλ
ֲƳ˵Сһۣû˵̧ųſջȥ
ֲһ
ֲ͸쾭С֮һֱͷĵССԲ̧ͷ챳Ӱ¶һĨޡ
ӣƯˡ
ǵģƯ٣ҲһŵݣӣԺֳֻ֡
ʮ꣬СԲûмӸÿˡڿԷһɲǼ䣬ΪԼǼɡ
ԼЩ̵գСԲһ״̬ǰк
ͬһʱ̡
Ķ棬ԭٰĵĺŲˮл꣬͵վ
ˮӱյзɽҲȻֱֱֻĿŶĸ󣬻߸׼ȷһ˵߽һĨӰ
ⱳӰûмΣȴϤޱȣǼǧٻһ㣬ӡԺС
ոǸǡ
˽
лűյһ
Ӧû
ıӰ˽
˽꾩˽ԱǸֲ
˽꾩ǳסǡ
̶̵ļУл˺ܶ࣬˼еӽüδӦ
ֱһĨϤıӰڿջС½ջ֮лŴԼ˼г
лӲٳʵݣͻȻʲô𣿡лı֣ᣬš
ӵ俴лһ󣬴һϮǳɫݿ˹ġһµȣ¶¶һ˹ӵ֮
л£յŻϣһ䣺ûʲô
ԣЦЦ㷽ǰ״̬ɲûʲô
лû˵Ժﻹ˽ݡ
ԭΪֿʱ˽ӡʱȻлԼû뵽ǣص꾩˽ݲûдļɢԽ̡
һ뵽Ǹ渣ıӰпܾ˽лͲĳֲ״ϲ
˽꾩ζǻиĻ档
лԽԽǻϲǱ߶ԾĹһĨȡ
ܺõóЯʼϵĲա
ӣлǰ仯΢΢ŵɤ˵ڶջδˣ
Ȼʵ־䣬ӵȴڳߡ
лյһ٣صҲδ⻰ǱĿ϶ӵĻ
ΪݵУռ˺ܸߵĵλԴȤ˵
л⻰ûз
Ӽ״Щ˼
Ƭ̺ʵ֪λǷʶ
Ǳֵܹϵ꾩󣬵ҹӵȦӣȴ꾩ԺյɡȦÿ˶棬ŵȣȴϤġ
лʣµ룬ı֣ȫݣơ
ȻǱֵܹϵֻһ¡˿̣ݵѯʣһ˽ģл겢ԣֻ򵥵Ļشһ䣺㲻ʶʶˡ
𡭡˼Ŀл꣬ЦصЩӣȷʵǷ˷ǳȤ¡
֮뵽ʲôһ㣬ֵﾭ߶ŵλӣĪݿλʶˣ
лԣһ٣ֵĶҲͣһ˲
ݶ˵ԭ
ݣСͼΪѧʶԨڣ꾩ҹӵĵ䷶˵ǼĴڡ
Ϊһ㣬лһֲʵĸоܾ־ǴһĶŵߣ䴦壬ȴ˴ĵף͸ʵһ档
ദлãԼ˼ܱԷɿƣȴ첻Է롣
л겻̫ϲ̫Ľ
ȻǱֵܵĹϵʵлݲ׽Ҳֻл橳Ŵݡ֮£ûκԵϵϣǹϵá
Ȼ࣬ʱҲͬ͸룬ǲлԷദʱ򣬲һֶԷǴߵĸо
οݣ˿͸ġ
עлɫǺЦǱҲˡ
л괹͵͵Ļһš֪ݼȻ˵ˣǱǰٷ֮ٵȷˣǶһ١
ол仯Ҳٴ϶ԣת˻⡣
лһ
֪ΪΣƵǰ˵˽¡Ǳʶ˽κνӴʶ
һлһֱЩĲɡȻԼעУ˼ǻ᲻ԾƫƣҲüγŶĸȥ
˽ĸӦס֪꣬ס졣аʳ֪᲻ţڡ
һеĲˮŲ淺Ỻ˵Ѿĸ˲ߴΣλݺѽ
лӹ𡣡
ݿлһۣ΢䣬漴Ҳ˶ĸ飺ݼ⣬βǰȥһ
ǰȥѽ
лĬˡ
ȻǺܹȥͬ˽кǣǰȥпҲͬһ
ͬһ
лţ˵ҲЩ棬ʲôˣݺ
л򴽣ˡ̧ۣݵĿ˵Ȼ꾩ڸס꣬ӦҪһʱ䣬ҸȥҲ١


54 
˵ǹȥջ˽, Ȼ֮ļ죬лȴͻȻļ¶ˡ
֮֮ʱ, ȴδҵ˽Ӱ
һ˿, л̨ǰѯĵƹ񣺡ǰסӿѾ˷ˣ䣬ֺܿ첹һ, һӳ÷ǳÿ
л⻰һ˵, ʮĵƹ֪˵λˡ
ƹλ
λ̫м, Ǵߵĸߴӣһλµӣӡ̡
лЩŵĵͷǻסڵѽ᷿ˣ
ƹ˵λվ˷ˡ
л꣺գ
ƹͷǵ, ա۾̧, žʱ䣺㡣
л꣬ϵڴһĨź
ô𡭡
ֲ߬ˣһֻ⡣֪ĽͲΪƣѡʱȥ˽
뵽, л߳˸
վſ, ķֵ, ֻЩȻʧ, ĵҲֿĸо
лȥˡ
, ϽҲպÿ, л굱ϵȥ尲¥
尲¥꾩ľ¥
װŹ˵, ʳƮ磬˴ѡ
ʳ尲¥֮尲¥ΪǾƣƳһǧ꾩Ϊ̡
ʱ尲¥żڡ
лԶһǧһյµľƱһΪԼһ߶˵һƵʱǹģǾ̶ȣôܿҲͬһ𣬽˵һ
˵⣬лͦüͷٲȻǶЩˬʵлԼҲǨŭûп˽ǷݲתƵϡ
ʱ򣬾ǲ뱣Ե̬ȡôһ룬лһھƹ˶
лľһ㣬Ҳá
ǧȻ㲻ԾƣǱ֮һƵĶߣҲһƱлȵҪʱѾֳԵ⡣
ˣлҲûͣ˼
ſ棬׼ȥϵһǧȻָ⻹ûƺƺͱһˡ
޳ɾǽڷΪսڴһ㱡ļ룬Ҳ˿Ӱֵֻۡ
л˳ֵֿˡ
΢΢ü˵ϾҺȾƣܲȫһ˺ȡ
лԣ˰֣ȣȡ˵һá
ϸԼľƱϺ󣬿Ŷл˽βҡ
ңл۾˶
šϵ꾩Ҫ֪ͨ˻̫ף˽ĻӦòѡȽ˽ò̫ۣǼ˽ˣӦò˻ǡ
뵽⣬ϵԺҲֳӵлƺԣѾ뿪ضʱ˽ļȴ̶
ϴڵ۽·͸һƬӰеľƱеǧӳݣ￴ȥıƽġɫģ˶첻ĵ뷨
Ȼֻ֪ĵײûбƽĮȻлĻӰ쵽߸׼ȷһ˵лᵽǸˣӰ쵽
˷ⱭŵǧӳеĲ
üĿеǧһ
λлƺ˼Ľ飺˵ͦԵģֻҪ˽ڻʶҪӦҲ̫ѡ
һĿڣȥң
л꽫еľƱ͵һţֱϰˡϣᶨϵ˵Ҫҵ
ʣҵ֮أ׼ʲôͳдԣƺֻһʡ
л⻰֪뵽ʲôԭܵıϵĿ⣬촽⶯һ£ð³֣֪
ȷʵǲ֪ҵ˽֮׼ʲôʵϣ˽ֲף֮ܵϵ
Ȳ˵˽ϲϲֲ͵ֻ˽ֲǷϵһ㣬Щ֪Ϊˡ
ôһлʱ̾һƱǧ
һں֮л꽫ľҺʱӿʶѾǲ̫ˣ˾Ƶл૵֮ȼ˵
ԣ˼š
ȵ˵𡭡
ظл仰ڵĥ仰ڶԼ˵

ͬһʱ̣һߡ
лŵĸ죬¼ҵС԰ڣ֮ͤ¿ֲΪǧ
ǽһµСլԺǰޡ
СլԺ󣬻԰סҲȲһЩ΢լӵСԺȸСȴȫ
Сլӻ⡣
꾩ǻʶǴ֮ء
Ҫµ⴦СլԺ֧Ǯʮ档ֲǵСլԺҩǮͻ١
һլԺ˻ʱʲôʣҲ㡣࿼֮վһʱ䡣
˿̣δʱյϢ֮ʱ
ģĹڴϣһɢ֮С
Ϊ˷ǧֲ
£ʵֱۣȾһһɫļжųۣһֻپı
ֲܸߣȳ֮ıԵԽͦΡխּǴ߲࣬ƾľȺӱĴڡ
쾲ĿţߴֲƵϡϣɴŸϤߡ꾩·ϣֲ˵꾩ժ
ǰգֲһֱæסլɫʵ棬˵ദࡣҲûȥҪֲժ
գʱˡ
뵽⣬쿴ֲҲһζ
ĴʵԼоֲû˵Ҫժߣڵڡ
һֱֲϵİ̺ۻ꾩·ϵʱ򣬾ͻˡ
Էڵͼθ
档
Էַʽ֮нĿ۽Լϡµղǿҵĺġ
ֲҲȷʵһ㡣
óϣ뿪ص꾩һʱȷʵֲԽ档
ǧֲоͶߣ̧ͷ졣
ĿԵʱ촽΢˵֣ˡ
ԣֻڽϽʵĴɵǧʱ䣬ֲֻ˲һʱ
СԺڰһǧֻǸ˵ֲȴ˽ȥҺǧ
գһǳɫľͷľмմȾϣͷϣҲմȾЩ
վֲֲֽ̧ͷϷľм
𣿡
ֲҡͷ˵ҹϵϴǧˡ
ֲ֮ж
ʱһǧˡ
ֲһ½ʵȣȷǧûκ֮ߵǰǺЦʵԣ
ͷһá
£׼߹ȥĽŲŸոֲ̧ͽ˺ᱧ
˳ƽֱ۴ֲļϣֲֻֽĺ󾱡
ֲͷŻеӣǹĻɢ˼֣ұȥô˵ţȴѾȸ֮ж
ȱǧֲ֮վǧԱߣΪᵴǧ
һֲͣ˶ǧͣ΢΢ƫͷбֲһۣ˹һ䣺ߣʲôʱժ
ֲƺ⸶ôʣߵǰ΢븶ƽӣŸƯüۣ˵֣ڡ

ţֲص


55 

, 
ֲ˵ţߵִ˸켸֣Է㸶ܸɵȡϵߡ
˿, ڵͫһƬ, ͸һֳ磬һۿȥתһĨĹΡ
ָ֣ⴥֲϵ, 漴ƶ, ֲĶ
ȡ֮, ֲҲӳ۵ס
ֲݣӦǲ
Ͼֵܡ
ɵӢ䣬ֲϵİ̺֮󣬶ȻҲһĿ
, ֲ沿, ŷֲȻֵܣ˵ʵ͡
ֲϴߵʱ򣬵¶۾״ɵмơǵ¶֮, һɵӲȫһķ
ü, , ֱͦıͺе˫, ϵֲϣһƫ̡
ȻҲһ, Ǵ΢, Цʱ, ֻ˼аС
ìȴޱϡ
ֲǧϵӣĹ۲ݣҲ˵ʵΣ̵ﺬһ˿΢Ľš
ʶ̧ԼգƺЩȷԼıݣǷǰ⡣
ûлش΢ϾķʣҸĻش𣿡
ֲס˸֣ǳֱԵ˵˵ϲ
΢΢ͷϲġ
ĻشֲһϲַԼĴһ£ŷſ
첢δջֲ֣ϷüǺࡣλãһԵİ̺ۣһ׶೤ª
ֲס󣬻˵ٹ죬һ˺۾ͻɢ
𡭡ظţ漴봹˼ʲô
ֲôˣ
ԣ̧ЦЦĿֲ̺ͫĳ⡣
ֲһ٣˵ʲô
ʲô
䣬˵ϵİ̺Ӧĺܿ졣
ֲ΢û˵˼ǰͻȻ˵⻰ĺ塣
˶ʾֲɿ֡
ֲˡ
ֲɿ󣬸ֲָüǴİ̺۽ƣԲϸָ⻬ֲգӹֲ򥣬ֲĲ
ָѹֲĺᣬֲΪָĶ΢΢ĺᡣ
첻˵֮ǰҶЩʲôӦûɡ
ֲۣ͵͵һᡣ
ⲢΪĳЩ飬ΪָĴŪЩӿ
Цһζʵҹÿģ
ۣ룬ȾѪ
֮⣬ذ׵в
ֲĬ
ڸ֪ͬһҲ⡣
µ˽֪һŪɵǷˡ
£ֲоˣǰӴҪ֮ǰӱĳ
ֲٴס֣ԼĴһ£Ȼ˵ʲôҶ㡣
˿̣Ÿֵģȷŵ¶ȸˡƵĵƤ͸һ|ֵ˸ϡ
ҲЩɳơ
ͳ͸һϢӵ
Цһó˵ӵջ뿪ʱֲ͸һذס
Լԭһѣ͸ǸСŮ
ֲɿ֣һ۸һֻϵذףѹʣҪҶ𣿡
췴ʣܱ𣿡
˵ţذףذ˲ɢһȻĺ⡣
콫ذֲϣȻ»ֲͣ򥣬ţ΢һʹֲ򥴦һ˿ڡ
쾫׼Ŀ˿ںǳֻһҡ
ֲ˿ڴѪ콫ذ׹ʺָ˿ڡ
ָ𪣬ϸ˪ѩļɺѪγһַǳĶԱȡ
ֲմȾѪҺֲָ˫ȻỺڴĦ
ֲĺ¹һ£Ҳӿһɿ⡣򥴦˿ڵ΢Ĵʹ˵ֵһᡣ˿ֻ̣˽ĥ֣񾭣
ֲĿͳȡ
Ȼоֲ仯
˿̣עģֲǱѪȾмаĴ
Ƭ̣漴뵽ʲôһ㣬Щϧ˵ûк񲼣ڲס۾
ֲüϤң
صúܸɴࣺȻ䣬һ£ֵֻգֻѡȡһȻˡ
ֲԣȴЦ
ǰһ¸˫ȻڸĶϵ˵ҪһһʵʩͳɳƵɤ͸ĳ|컵İʾԡ
Ļ˵ֲ֮Ҳȸش𣬱ֱӱס˸Ȼ󽫸˱𣬽ţ˵һԵ
£ֲǧϡ
죬ֲ˫ϡ
ƵԵʣֲ߱߳ͷͷ̧ͷֲ΢΢һЦǧ䣿
ֲһֻסһֻֽ촹µļƷ˿ĩˣջֵʱ򣬻СɾµĶ
˵ǧܽʵ㹻ҡ
䣬ĺףȻøĶͷԼĶͷüС˵ֵ£Ҳɢ䡣
һ仰ֲѹøˡ
˫ֲļ࣬˫Ȼôֲࡣ
֮ľúܽ춢ֲƬֲ̣˫Ϊ˷㸶ǣֲҲ΢΢򥡣
ֲ̬˳ӵģǣȴʵԸǰԵ
ֲˣƵؿ̵ҽ
ƽǻҺڵŢ֮ƽģһӵؿʶƽı󱻴ƣչֳġһֿ̹ĵ
һǽֲĺЩ١
ᴥֲüϵİ̺ۣһĵĹƻ
ʱֲĺҵģǳȵġ
ҹĺڣȻһƬĺɫͫȴޱӳ˸ա
覴õٸԶ
봹ڵֲںڵķ˿ЩҵĴ䣬沿ķɫģʹ˿һ欵޸С
ƾ֮ĺ컨Ѫǡ
ֲɫݵЪϢ֮󣬱׼
ȻֲĴڿҪĴʱȴסˡһ߻۵İѹֲ򥴦ǵ˿ڣһ˵ô㻹
ֲһЦᱧڻУһ·߽ǵķ䡣
űϣڵĹҲ档
ֲڴϣԼҲ˴齡
ֲ齵Ļ£ڸ︩
ӣûеơ
ֻ΢ĹߴӴķ϶ս
谵ĻɫĻⲿ
ĻǾ
Ļࡣ


56 
ڽ꾩ǵסլ²һ, ֲû죬öһסլԶ̡
ֱֲģĿռصձ̲, ֻһ㡣
ҩ̶֮, ֲȥ˴ҩģǮӶ˰滭ͼֽҩ̵ڲ֣Էպȡҩġ
һ, һ׼, СҩһЩ˵￪ҵ
֮Ի, Ϊҩ̱Ϊҩ̵ӣǳĿһλģɫķɡ
ɫͨòŮ, λձµķ, ʵǳùںÿһֶһ޶Уöˡ
ҲǼ˵ˣȻˣλ, ԵȻ޹⡣
ȻλЩֻҩһ, ȴ˼
˿, ˵, һŷɫվҩ⣬Щҩڲȥĸֲ֮, ̲סԱߵһ׳һԣ
Աߵ׳, Ŀҩĸ, Ҳδӣֱӻһ䣺һԣ˵߲ʹ
ɫüߣ˭ѽ
еĲ죬׳ջߣˡ
һӣȻɫЩ۵ĵɫһϾϲ㣬Ȼһλ˼ҵĹӡ
ΪҪ˭Ƚ鷳˷ʱ˵ϻ׳˵߾Ƕġ
˭֪һ˵һ䣺Ĳǽ𣿡
׳ˣѿڶô֪
ӵĴҪ˵꾩ڴССĽֵûһҵģ׳ʲôһ㣬Ȼһ䣺ޣ֪ˣӦǼҵ⡣
ӣô£
ƾȥ
ûġ
촽΢˵׳ֽһ䣺˵Ǽرɾúкܲͬ
׳һı飬ʶصҾÿڸûɶ𡣡
䣬ʶԼ˵ʲôķӣ΢΢ͻȻûشԷԼǲǱƫˡ
һ£ʼ͸ȤĻϣ߻ʲôҩ˿Ӳ꾩ˡ
Աߵ׳صȷʵǱˣ˵Ǵ
򴽣أлһĨ˼ǵ֮ǰлҵлλƺȥء
׳ͷǵģء
ֿһҩģƯӣ뵽⼸лƺѰһλÿӡ΢΢һ
ҽȥҩ￴˵
׳ԣ´һ·ӣɻʵʲôû
΢΢һЦûҿҩ˵ţ̧Ųҩ̣׼һλҩĵˡ
׳ԭֹҩ֮ⲻھưɡ
û׳ڵעҩڵλƯϡ
ȻǰŻδҩ̵żһ˴߲һҩ̡
΢΢һ٣ǰˡ
ӰЩϤеļѸٹһ飬ⱳӰһ˶˺ţлꣿ
Լ֣һĶڸϵлŻعͷ⴩ɧķӡӵģ֮л¶һȻ˵ı飺¥ȣô
лΪ¥ȵķԣһ䣺Ϊʲô
лüͷ΢壬ջߣ¥հԼɻһ㣬ǵһЩŮ׷ܣ˽࣬Ҳ̡
лˣ¥Ҳաԭǰڷл꿴Ưʱ¶ϲ飬˲ԭ뷨ϾվһԣٲȻһ׼лʲôģ
лǰŸǸ㻹ǵҰɡ
ʵлкܶ໰ͬ˽˵ɳȥˣҵ˵ϢлȲľ͸Ȼ˿̣˽֮ԭõȻһ˵
΢΢üлЩŵɫ̲Ļһ䣺ҵļԻû¾ĵز
лһϲ˽ô˵ǻǵлѹסĵǷݼܵıƽȣ꾩ˣǴ㳣ס
ֲ꾩ˡ
лԣһ١
л֮ͽֲеҲɢȥ˼֡
ʱлҲĿתվ˽ӡӵͣƬֲ̣
ֲ΢΢̧̧ڵЦЦ˵һ䣺ôֻǵסҵķɣ˺ĸ֣ȻЦЦȴ۵ס
л촽⶯һ£˵ʲôջǽԭҪ˵Ļ˻ȥ
ʵЩȵġ
Ҳû뵽ֲµݲ紫ǰ㣬ªǳĿ
һֱվһδ¥ȣһֹл꣬漴ֿ˸ֲ۵׸ֳһĨŨŨζ
лģӦϲֲ֮˵ķɡ
Ưɣƺл޸о
˼˼
¥΢΢ۣԼΪȻȷġ
뵽⣬¥ְĿ⾫׼ת˸ϡ׿˵λƯɣȷʵǺÿӣȴһƳԽŮ޵
Σʣ޿ޡ
ôһҲ޹ֺлĶ
ԼڿλƯɵһɲǼ䣬Ҳһ˿΢ľ޸СΪӳ۵׵޹غ
˼ת䣬¥Ȳֶ࿴Ưɼۡ
ֱԵǽֲˣĿĳ˹¥Ȳ΢΢һЦջߡ
ֲ߱˫ճһӲֱߡ꾩ʱֲ˽ȻǻлǵģֲЩû뵽Ȼôˡ
л˽ʲô˼Ȼóʵϣڸױ͸˼л꣬ͬлһһӣŸֲ⡣
ǽϵӣأƽı޷ġ
ˣùġ
ҪһǣֲһֱǱǽϵӣ˽ֳƽ̬ȲԴʵġ
ôһֲԭΪ췽Ǿ͵ٴ
л꣬ѹĵӿɱ⡣
һģðۡ
оֲ仯һֲ֣󣬿лҩǿ
ҩǿ
ֻлѡ
лҲˣ˽˿̲гѡ֮Ľѹͷʧ䣬صҩ
̧ۣ뵽ʲôЩЦĿ٣λش𣿡
л㶣Ӧ⻰̺ĵ٩֮ĶЩ졣ҩֲձҪشһȫβ˵Լɵ


57 
л΢Ŷ, ֪Ļձ֮¡
Էı鿴ЩȣȻڵ֮ӡ̡
ʵϣ֮ڸ˵, ҲͬǼ̡Ͼһձ, ˲ƴֵл꣬һ԰ձ
ԼĵԼлĶʱˣһմӵơ
лҲһʲôëͷСӡ
෴, ͬҹӻ, ƺ, ʵѾǽΪһˡ
ÿÿ˽ǰΪ̫ںˡ̫ںԷĿʱ޷ƽ侲ء
˽ʱ΢ĽźͲڡ
л겻˵, ˵ҩֲ, ҪʲôҩͬС
лʶͷޡá
һԵ¥ѵüл⸱Щɵ㶵ģûסЦ
¥ȵЦЩõĳ¥Ͷȥһ
лߣ¥ʼ, ûҪЦݵ˼, Цøˡ
лɫ˲һڡ
¥ʵᡣ
һҲû䳤ǰº
ʱ, ֲͳȻɤл¥ȵ񽻷棺ҩлꡣ
лһ˵ҹܰ˯ߵġ
л⻰һ˵, ¥Ⱦǰڳһеӣ, ôˣĪΪҹ˼, Բҩ
лЦһ, ¥ȣ֪Լڿʲô
¥ü
л˵һֻȾɷë鹫
¥ȣ㡭
ʲôҡлֱӴһ䣺˵òԣ
¥
лֵôû
䣬ֽŵ㲻ǹģ
¥ȿڣ˵㲻飿
¥ȣھ˭飿
лһ˵㣬һ㲻ϣ
λ¥Цˡ
ڽҩװֲл¥ȵĶԻֻʵְۡѸٽץõҩãȻŵ̨ϣԼĶл˵Ǯ
лһҩһָǮ
¥ȵôҩˣ㻹ߣ
лҩ΢΢һ˵벻ߣ¥С޹ء
¥Ȱ֣ʡ
ߵֲǰѧл귽ŵĻ˵Ҳһҹﰲ˯ߵҩ
л꣺
ֲƳһۣתȥҩˡ
ڵȴĿ϶¥ȵ̨ϣǳĴŸ졣
ڸΪĿ̧ۿʱգգ۽ޣһŸһĨ΢Ц
¥ȵĳֵĳ࣬Ƶʣһַ֮Сֵ˵ĸоſӶ࣬¥Ӷࡣ
ɫϣһ˫鶯һӳԵ޲͸ŵ顣
л꿴һۺЦ¥ȣ漴ֿһ˽ֿһۺЦ¥ȣ˼֮ס뽫еҩ¥ϵĳ嶯
¥зĻ赽˽ǰˣ
û㹻лǰ˽ҷŵ¥ȸʡ˽۾
¥ȻолԹԴ˲⡣£Ը⽫ȫעǰƯϡ
΢΢򴽣һԣʵǴģ仰õǣǵһ֡
Ȼʸ죬ǷǳİֲҲ˽һڱϣ˾̫⡣
Ļһš
¥ֵðһ䣬Ƕ˳ɻˣ
¥⻰һ˵꣬һ˲ĳš
ʱҩֲ˵˽⣬档
¥ԣҲû϶ʡ
ӹҩǮ
ֲᡣ
¥Ȳ죬ʶʵҿҩǺлһ
ֲһۣ䲻ȵ˵ҩһһҩġ
¥ԣüͷ΢ҩģ
лЦⶼ˿ҩ㻰̫࣬
¥ȣ
лֵȻҩҽԵһȥһ
¥ۣлЦЦĻصԼá
¥ֿ˸һۣлһһҩ̧ҩ̵ż
ҩ߳ȥıӰֲһۣ漴ûסЦ
Цл¥˵ٶʵһĪ˷ЦɵС
ûвȴһһҩڶԱ˴˻˳۵£Яȥ¥
ֲ̾һĶʱ
ֲ⻰˵ûã½½˼ˡڴֻΪ˿л¥ȣˣµ꿪ŵ̬λ䲻Ƿܿ御תҩ
ֲ࣬İְЩ֢״ۺϺ󣬿Ӧҩ
ֲںʱ򣬸̨Ҳ棬ֲĻ
˻ţҲû̫ĽȻȴһ־ŵĺг֮ʡ
ҩ̳Եģк
Ĳ꾩ǵɫơ
ùֲ֮͸һϡŻֲǿҽ顣
ȻŵķΧûгãͱҩ̵ĽŲˡ
ӣôͻȻҩ̣ɫµСˣһɻԼӣ֮ǰҩĶǽṩġС˵֮ǲ졣
ʵϣЩףΪԼӻһץҩϾȥҩ˿ҩС£ǰģòŹԹʡ
ݿһ۸ԼߵСˣһЦ͵Žһ磬ݺ¥Сӱץһҩҩ̵ƹ񣬶һλҽĴ򡣡
ݵͳдԣ˵Ķһ崺֮С
СԣƶǶĵ˵ͷԭ𡭡
һ
ȻҪǣЩ棬ݱŲˣģ
С۾Ĵɨһ£΢θһ𣿡
⻰䣬ֲеҽ飬˳
ֲһ۽ˣ˷ŵĶԻʹȣ˲ֱ˶Ӧ͹ϵ
ֲͣϣҲϻֱʵҩ
ͷ
漴ʾԵСˡ
С˽ܵݵǰ˵˵
ֲС˵䣬ǲɫĴͦεӡ
·ϣ¿ҩ̡
˵ҩһҩ̵ƹһλ൱ĿӣһλǳƯһ۾޵ɡ
ƹЩ˵̸ƹλɵĻԾӶࡣһﻰⶼǾ̾ЩĽ
ҩһԷ
Ȼӱƹˡ
˿ǵˣӦλòˡ
ѻ顢ӡ˵ķɡ
һϲĶϣ㹻ݺ档˵ǼҪء
ôһݵĿ⻺磬ǶȣԼһӰ


58 
ҩһԷ, ƹѾˣӰֻǴеλƯɡ
Ưɡ
ĥĸ, ֱֻ׵ĳƺĪЩ˷Ц
ֲ, ȻС˵ȴߡڲԷʱ뵽ĳֲֿܵӢͦüͷʱ΢΢һ, ϵϢһ±Щ䡣
ڽСĪһ, ͻȻ¶, Щԡ
̧ԼͻȻֱۣܵ˰벽ȻżҹʧʱһЩ֢״ϸĽǰλĴ
ĸ졣
ȻҲߡ
ᱡ, ܽӰӳ
̧̧Ƥ, һ翴һ࣬ⵥվŵһӰ
ʱС˻ֲ˵ⵥվŵĸӰ, С˿еĹӡ
ֻһ, ջ, еĻ޹ؽҪ, ͨ˵Ὣʱ˷ϡ
Ȼհתص, ҩ߽ˡ
ͬ, ͬһ͡
ֻ, һν֮УһֲؼΣͬлһϡ
Ͻ֮ǿֲһۣ˵Ŀڿײһ𣬺ܿ죬ֵƿһӰſݡ
һЦȳû뵽㣬ɡ䣬һ£òԵѯʵĪﲻ
ϲϲĨǣֱԵġ
΢΢üޣ
ϵμһټҳ飬´Ӻзһö壬Ͽ֡
ԣɫδʲô仯ģڻң
˵μһڶ࣬㣬㲻ֻһλǰ
Ȼϵ֮촽΢򣬴ü˼Ƭ̺˵˿ˡ
Цһ£ֵƾΣ
ݻصȻɶѡ˵طţ˷ǰңвȥ֮
䣬ݶС˵ţҩֱ֮ûȥɡ
СӦǣӡ
С˵Ļػ֮ſһԵϣɣڱȥ
˵һ֡
ԣ˽Ųֻתҩſȥ֮ǰֿһֲԼǵӰ
ֻһˡ
˵ݵЩлϲλƯɣǺģһ˿棬ڱǰ΢
Ųϣ뿪ҩ֮ǰҲͬһ¶ǵӰ
ֱֲݺ˵Ӱ֮ҲɴһַǳȻ״̬
գҩ̿ŵĵһ죬ҩĲû٣һЩҲ޲֢˽Ӷĳ֡
״ʵֲò
һ뵽Щ˽Ĵڣпܲһֲ;ؿڷƣһֱѹƵҲ˴ܳͷ
Խ룬ֲɫԽڵǸֳһη⡣
ڵȴֲץҩСˣٴβܿƵĶһ£λԷײ֮С˾ȻһǱ޶ŵѹȸС
⡭ˡ
Ī㤣ԾĽ
ΪεֽŸУԼգ߳ЩɵĸЦ˼
ȻⲢܻĽһֱõҩ뿪ҩ̣С˲һ
ͷһ̣뵽ԷǵڵµûסСֹ
ҩ̵ƹһ꾩ǵͨˣôôǿҵġ˴ѹȸС
ͷ·ԼǱϣգ֮ͻɥһ㡣
գգ
СԼգҡͷָоԺ޳
ҩڡ
ֲ߻صԼ֮ǰλãҽ鿴
ȻĿȻǷеҽ棬ȴһҲûнֿ
ԺﻹŽ⼸ˣðü̡
һĲɵģ»ʵ£
ֲԣԵӡ
һ͵͵ġ
ֵΪлǣ
Σֲûлش𣬶Ƿҽ飬վ档
̧ôˣ
ֲûĬһ룬˫ֳڸľΰϣս˸졣
ֲʹϵӰ˸ϡҲ˵ôŸ죬ڵ̺ͫĳָӶɬ⡣
״΢΢üҲֲ
󣬻ֲ˶
һδս죬ԼĶͷ˸Ķͷ
ƫ͡
ܸоͷֲﴫȶȡ
Ϊ˵ľյúֻܽ˴һȭͷľ롣˴˵ĺһǳǳĺš
ݵĳĬֲ֮˶
һ¸üģȻͳɤ˵ҵģ𣿡Ȼţֲȷʲôһ㡣
ֲһȱȫеˡ
ǰӵϣԷû㹻ţܱ֤ӵĿԶֻϣֻһˡ
оֲʳ仰ʱǷصĲЦЦ漴ָ֣ûֲ׵ķ˿Ȼ΢΢ʹֲս俿Ĵߡ
öԼһЩϾķɣ𡭡ǳ˵֮ջ֡
Ȼ赭дĿǣȴֲתãĵ׵һ˿Ҳ֮ɢˡ
ʵϣ˵⻰ǵΪ˳Ӧֲȷʵ롣
ڸԣҪǿҲҪ빥֮ӡֲֵ˼ϣ֮ӣԺԡ
ȻһеǰᣬǼ֣Ǳֲֵ
ֲ֪룬Լ仰һԵ˼ȥ׵˼΢΢ƫͷϸա
ȵģ˫Ӹĥ䣬漴ͣ˸ĴǴ
ڳٳߵӡǵʱ͵ص㲢ʣټȥԼ̲סʧأ̲סӵϾȡֲۣ࣬ٴʱվֱ壬صԼλϡ
ֲ룬˵գ㻹ҩ𣿡
ûлش𣬶Ƿ˵ϣϣҲ
ֲʵصϣϣ㲻䣬ԼҡͷһЦìܰɡ
ϣΪһֱͬһ
ϣΪ޹ؽҪ
ôţֲջ˵Լ£ɲҩ̡
صôһ˵ҵЩúùһ꾩ڵ̡ʱīͼ࣬鷨ֻʢ
ֲͷ룬˵ߣӦû㡣Ͼ˽òʵֻ̫ۣҪ˵Ŀۼء
ϣֲΪⲢ˽С̡˽Ҳ˵һֱͣ˽ϡ


59 
ʵ,ǷǸ¡
ףԴ˽ռ
ֲҲ֪С˼,˵һᰴ˵
ֲǹ˹ʲô
˼Ƭ̣صŴ׸ɡ
ֲͷá
ӦţصСլ֮,ȻйӶӦˣֲԽŷ,ΪŴ׸⡣
,첢ûиֲȥҩ̣Ǵ߹꾩ǵ̡
ҲΪ첢ҩ,ԵлϢȥҩ̵ʱ򣬲ûм졣
л橾ɥĵϸɨһ,ȷ˽û֮ʧֹţʲôֻ´ˡ
лôһŮ֮,ҩ½½,˺üŹṫӡ
Щṫӽ꾩ڵһ߹ӵܣ֮Իԭ
޷Ǿ档
Ͼлҹӣ¥С,ǵĵ䷶ݣԼܹټҳ谮ɣҩ̿ŵ
ϢգȦﴫˡ
ôǺ档
˵ǻСϢ˵⼸֮Իҩ̣Ϊ˼ҩƹλɡ
˵λò,һ
ΪȷǷڿĳɷ֣ЩеµĹǣԼͬҩ̡
ʧ
ǲûмеλƯɡ
ʵϣд⣬ЩṫǶλƯɵĺ棬ĻԴл꼸˵ΪҪ˵λƯɵıʵûô⡣
һߡ
¥ҡ
鷿ڣ¥ĻϣС˵ιʳ£յĳѡ
һѳ֮¥ȴվһЩҵ̧ű׼ߡ
ȻĽŲŸոŲĻڲһվס
¥ȵĽŲ͵һ٣ĻڲӰ˵Ҿͳȥ䣬̫á
׼ȥǸҩ̣
Ȼ֮ҲĻڲ˳
֣Ҳ˵Ǹҩ̣¥ЩȡҪ֪λ֣Ͻƣ˵һ֮ףҪηնæƽҲӲμӹǵľۻᡣ
¥ȿÿնǧƪһɡ
ֱ͸ɮһ
Ȥԡ
ҴֲһЩҹ֮İԵȣһҲȤ
ǳ¥ص֮⣬ԵȫԵ
ҲΪˣ˿̣¥ȴԼҴֵ仰Ż졣
¥ȳ֮ΪֵӣһϮ£ü絶ã͸һηС
¥Щɢվ࣬վ˶ͦΣһֱֱľɡ
ҲմȾһ˿ҳϸһ˿е塣
ٺ¥Ⱥƣһ΢΢һۣȴΪɢġϽɵѹǷĶС
¥ûлش¥ȵ⣬ֱ˵˵ʱȥĸҡ¥ȣڳȥȷܸϻ
Ȼʵ־䣬¥Ҫ˼Ȼ¥ȴ
¥ȵ˲˿̣˵ȥȥй䵽ˡһҲȥĸҡÿһȥҪǸ鷳Ů˲ϡ
ԷǸ죬͸۷һҽС
ķ
¥Ϳ¥룬ĿƽĳţƽͬЩŮദҲķ
¥һʶһ𣡡ֹţǸҹ棡˴˵
Сʱܽ˾ڳһʱҲһ㶼ûŮӸеĽΡ
ƫƫÿԶ룬󶼻ᱻԷס
¥͵ĸ顣
¥һ֣ʲôʲôҺԲܣҲϲҲϲңӵĻ飡
¥Ϳдſܵ¥ȣ䲻ȵ˵ϲ㣬Ϊճ㣿
¥ȵǴΪ˳ҡ¥ȶϲһȷ˱ϾҲǴСһ𳤴󣬶ԷûаĽ֮飬Ȼ˽ġ
ڵǣ¥ȼһ㣬ԼҵĴֺĸȴƺôΪ˶Ǽִ֮ˣֻԼжϣû㹻ɣǲܸı롣
ôһ¥Щ˵֮ǲϲңҲȢ
ϲǾ͸ܣҾϲӣҲϲ¥һ仰˵֮󣬿˲
ʶԼ˵ʲô¥ȣڸоȻ¶Ⱥһ⣬ЩӲ̧ߡ
üͷû𣬵ôһޱģȴ¥Щ㤡
¥ڵĿ£¥ʶһҡ͡ҡ
¥촽΢ظ¥͵ĻϲӣҲϲ
¥̧˫֣ʼŹⲻһ˵ǲϲӵģҡ
¥ȵĻû˵꣬ͱ¥ֱӴˣˣȥ˽ˣջˡ
¥־ˣô֪ȥ˽úΰ
¥ƽкҲ֪ġ
¥ȳĬˡ
һ룬ͻȻӦһ㡣
˵Դô֪λƯǽ˽
¥Ȼصһ䣬֪к֣
¥ȵͷѽ
ʵϣ¥Ȼ˰˽һΪЩеûšΪ˽лϵˣ¸Ȥ
֮⣬һҩ˽һȷʵǱӾ޵ˡȻգδ˽˵ϻǶԷȴ˷ǳ̵ӡ
ѽ¥ȻͻȻһתЩɻĿԼҴ֣Ǵ֣Ϊλһ䣿
¥ԣ΢΢˶٣¥ԲĿ£˵עص𣿡
֮¥´һ¥ȵȥ·ˣɫӴ̫
¥ȵˣⲻͦÿ𡣡
¥üͷ΢壺ʺϼٴοںҲȥˣ˵顣
¥촽⶯˵ʲôڿ¥͵ĬĬҪ˵ڵķ˻ȥǳʶȤĳ鷿
Ȼ鷿֮¥ûŲ˲һ٣ͣԭ˼ʲô
һͬС˼״ѯʵӣôˣ
¥Ⱥ֪˵Ҵָոǲתƻ⣿䣬Ħ°ͣ۾ûлشǸ⡣
ôţ¥Ȼͷ鷿ķ
С˵ǴӾǲֵһ᣿
¥ջĿ⣬İɡԹԵ˵Ӧˡ
߰ɣȥ
õģӡ

ͬʱλֵ¥һż
ԶһµӿԼӣԥƬ֮󣬻ʳһ䣺㲻ȥɩ𣿡
űյԣû̻شűеľҺӳԼԺŵȴ꾩ǵĴ˽
ҩ̵һ磬˵ˡ
ȥԼֳġ
Ȼȥֳζܻ˽
һ뵽˽ɱЩԥˡ
Ȼ˽ѾδɲȷԼܷڼ˽ʱ򣬱־ԵѰģע˾ͬʱܶԷӰ졣


60 
ʱһ̡
¥¥һ,ȥܼҵ
ڣ¥Ϳһ¥ȵš
ӴԵùķ¥Ѿˣ´ɫ,ȻЩ,û֮ǰǰۡ
¥ͿŵĿ,¥ǿĽ͵֪ģѾصˡ
¥û˵,ޱջߡ
¥ȼ״һ
ƽµ,ǴֶȻʲôҲ˵ӡ
,ȴֶüĻš
Ϊ޷Ӵֵı鿴顣
ʹ,ͬһġԸ游,Ըĸס
ĸҾ¥Ҳ̫Զ
ʻĻСʱ͵
Ȼʻ˴ӵʱ򣬳һ⡣
ǰ°ݵѺۡ
ŵ·һƬ
ţȻ̮,ײʺϾվ棬òһִĵص㡣
ʱ˵ΧۡΧ۵Щվͷ,Щͬվϣ˺ܽ
˷ֱΪŮ
е,һͣͷ׵ˡһʮ꣬ǿ׳,Ƥڡ
ŮһĸŮŮӶʮ꣬ǣһҵСŮͯ
ǶĸŮһģ׳ǵһˡ
ִƺСŮͯйء
ڡ
оͣ泳¥ȣʱЩƿĻ档
һִΧ֮󣬲Ȥ¥׼ջߣȴȺ￴һĨǰһӰ
Ӱһθݵӡ
ɫʤѩļԼȻɢŵġֻһƵī
ȻԷϴһöߣס˴¶ȴƯǷǳ
¥ȵľӶȻһÿˡ
ôţ¥Ȳ࿴˼ۡ
Ҳ⼸ۣ¥ȲһЩĸо
Ħ°ͣ۾ʼ˼ԼǷÿӡ
Ϊֱ̫ס
ʱŵͻȻ߿˹
ĿԵһɲǼ䣬ߴԷ¥ȣ΢΢һ¡
״Ư۾Լ¶ĵ޸С
¥͵֡
֪ˣ
˵ôһϤ֮Уߵӣǰղҩ̼Ư
˽
¥³ݵͬʱҲֱӽ⼸ѿڶ
¥Ե¥ͣԭڱĿ¥һϲĿ˵֣۾
¥͵Ƴ¥һۣڷ¥һȤ̽Ķһط֮
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ŮӺ˼״ŵøϽȥ׷Ȼһ䡣׳Ϊ̫ļ֮СŮͯͻȻҧһڣ׳һ˦֣ͻȻĲȵĻǰȥСŮͯΪԱ˦˳ȥ
˦ķ¥ߡ
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ŮӾֵĴš
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һ룬ͨˮ¥ͺСŮͯͬʱ˺ˮС
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ôŪ
ΧҲ¶ɫ֮Щ˺æκβˮԡЩˮˣ֪ˮּˮӿҲóȻˮա
ʱ¥ֻͻȻһʶȥӣͷһ˽ϡ
¥˵һ룬Ѿˮ
¥۾û뵽ȥ˵˾Ȼ˽
ʱе¥ͺСŮͯѾɢ
ȿСŮͯСŮͯҪϢϵıСŮͯת˰
գСŮͯĸ׼״Ϊ̫Լİȫæл󣬱ӹСŮͯ
¥ȼæʸ죺Ҵأ
ŷֽ̧СŮͯıܷӦԼѾˮѾʪ͸ˣҲû˵ʲôٴǱ˺ˮС
Ϊҹ˴꣬ͺĺˮ˺ܶࡣζܿҵ˱ˮݲסӡ
첢δԥιȥ֮Ūˮݣʱ۾а㣬ƾĳֱܣֱס˸
ܽʵֱεıס˸죬ץס˾һ㡣


61 
Ϊ˵ĸ,ȻԸоһ˫ֱۣжıܣӼʹΪȱ־,Ҳɲ,ſ
첢δ飬תͬʱץӵĺ,öԷ£ٶϡ
ܿ죬ͽӾ˰
¥ȼ״,ǰڵϵ¥֣ͣһߺһ߰ѹ¥͵š
֮,Ǻˮ³ʱ¥Ҳ۾
¥ɫһϲǴӴˮ֮󣬾һֱĵ׵ʯͷ˿Ҳ
¥˼,¥ȵû¡֮󣬻վ˽ӡ
ͷšϵˮ
ȫʪ͸,˿Ҳճˮ˶ʪܵġ
ո촩һɫŵ,˷ʪ͸֮壬Ĺ˳
˵ĿⶼܿƵĿ˸졣
ȻܵΧ˷ϵĿ⣬ЩĿ⣬ǽ϶ˮš
˽
ӵ¥,ʶһ֮һ˵Ǹмӵ
ΪˮݽסˮʱˣЯһǳɫĹΣˮӰ߬
¥뵽ˮʱԼʶȻʱֱ۽ȦסʶľͽĿ˶Է
֫ϸҲΪ
ϰʱһپʹС
¥͵˼ʼƫƣڣһ룬ʶԼĿ˼룬ľ˶Ժܲ׵
¥˲üۣƿԼߡ
Щһ´ǰ׼ͬлͿˮš˽ֽ̧ߵ
Ϊкܶˮ飬ߵݵĵطҲˮЩˮڸ沿֮䣬øܲζҲš
ԸȻûֱӱ㽫ȡ£˦һϵˮ
£ݵˣǵһӳ۵׵޵ô
ôһ˲䣬ΪǾˮ¡
ʪĺڷѩ׵ļµݡ
ǰӣǕiգǵĮԼ¶ʣˡ
ȻǱʪճ׵ˣԴٵķۣԼüֻ֮Ȼɵޣ˿ƹƻĵ·ҪĿעŵˣԨ١
·ʪܵīϣһ˵ļ⡣
վڸǰ¥ȣôһ˲侹Ȼֱۣ˰ġ¥ͣҲһκ˶
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쳯¥Ե¥֣顣
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¥һ㶣ѿڶˣ
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ͷ
¥ȼ״Ҳ˸͸˵¥ȵֻǿ˰ĵĻôֱˡ
Ϊ̫𾪣ֻΪһ˲䣬Ժܵĳ̫ƽתúܿ¥ȣʶͺĳ߼ϵĲͰ͵˵㡭˴֣Ҳɫ࣬㡭ɡ
죺
ȻΪ˵̫ܻ࣬ĳЩ壬˵˼άҲƫ̫ˡ
һԵ¥šһü
ÿһ¥ȡ
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Щû뵽
촽⶯ص·˵⻰֮ԼȻ󽫸ϵ¥ȵӸ¥ȣŽԼ˸ϡ
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¥Ȱ㲻ֲɡ
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¥һüۺҩ̴мƣֵɰɡ
ݣɫ䣬û¥ȣתԸ˵Ȼȥɡ˵ŴӸнӹᡣ
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¥ȵĻû˵꣬¥;Ѿ߽˵õ¥ȵϢ󣬾ʹӰ·صڡ
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ôţ¥һ¿ˮĬĬԶ¥͵ķŲˡ


62 
¥ͺ¥ֵܷ¥ҵ·,ҲСլԺǰС
ɲ֪˽꾩ס˿̱˽ڴ·˽ĽŲС
˵¥ֵǰ,Ҫ˽ʱ̬ȣֵ÷ǳĸɴӲ,˽һȴԡ
߸ȷһ˵,ĬԣһЩ飬֪οڡ˽,Էֳ̬ȣʼĵġ
˲ŵţ˴֮һֱ۵ľ롣⿴һԵ,˵ʲôȻ촽⶯,ȴʲôҲûз
ĬķΧ֮ơ
ɴֽ˽,漴ɿս,֮,ƺｨ衣ɺ˵ϵɩɩ,ҲԲŵķΧ
,ѡһʺϵĻ⣬ڵ磬𣿡
˵ͦáصü,Ҳ䲻ȣ޷Ϣ
ԣĬƬּ̣˵ǿһҩ̡
һǻӦ
Ѿ´ߣ޷̽ʱı顣
ʱ·˿ɺ󣬿ʼ˽ţˡ
Ļɲû壬Ϊ˵˽ŵøᡣ
ĻȻûǿ˽ԷȴȻӦ˹Լ˽š
˼ˣֲ⿴ӡ
ԷݸȫڵסˡĻ棬Ȼ֮ôһ˲ɲһַǳĴǾǷ·˽Լ˻
һ뵽Լ˽šԼϵϢ˽ϵϢڡԷϵˮǻὥ뵵ϡ
ɵͻȻͿʼ죬һ߳ϲõҲԺص
ɵĶʼ̣˼ʼƽΪݲе֣ȭڴһ£һɢע
Ȼɷ֣ƽﻹǽ̸˿̾Ȼ벻һʵĻˡ
Ҳʱɲ̵ʶ˽֮䣬дֲΪһŦ֮⣬ͱ޸ϵ
ڴĻ⣬Ѿἰˡ
գɻѡ˳Ĭ
Ĭĸ˽һ߹˽ʹ꾩µСլԺ
СլԺ󣬵ȫ
ɻһǧһ۾ϳɴ˽֮ǰû˭ⷽͳշľտ
ԺڵĻúƯ̵Ʈɢһ㡣
ܸоó˽СլԺڹúܰȻǴ׵ܵܣǴӴ˽֮ǲһˡ
£˽һ𣬸һݷõĿˡ
˵˿ԼһĸܣЩ΢΢ɬЩʱ¹ǨȻһ˿˵ź
ɬźΪζԼҲ˵ס
ʱŮѾȥˮˣ콫ϵݸ֮󣬱Сȥš
СլԺŮСһĸŮУֲѡġڿõľϣһ裬ȴδȣֻ΢ڵĿűеĵӰ
˽£߸׼ȷһ˵˽¡Ĵط꣬Ըо˽̬ȱˡ
Ȥɢȥ֮ƽ
˵֮ǰصʱܴ˽ϸоĳֲӣƻĵĻɢȾ񾭡
ôڣ˽ƽ߳˸Ȥķ룬̬䵭ģûκû繣Ҳ˿|
ʶһ֮һͬʱȴֲһָɬС
˵ø˵ģǴ˿̣ȴĪЩѡһϸϸССĴ̿˺ϲ¡
΢ɲ̾һ󽫱еһ
ʵϣ˿̣ʵ뿪ġ
ǲ֪ΪΣ
ȴһһš
Լô˵š
ھɵı󣬾ûб˼ɲԸȥϸ롣
ûãԡ꣬һɾͷûɣ˿̣ϣԲĿɰСŮͷ
˹ʵû
ָ˭ȻԶ
ϾլԺֻдõһλˡ
Ůʮ꣬С㣬䲻ȴʮֻ顣⻰вõĶδͣԹɵĻشŸ죺á
һ˵ӦҪһꡣ
ԣλЩƵüۣջûס棬ʵӣλõĿ˺ֵ𣿡
صֲĵܵܡ
ЦֲЩ񡣡䣬ֲһ䣺ҾûӸÿ⻰ƨȷʵԼӸÿһЩ
õλӲʣһֺ˧ӣƤףҲҪһǣ͹һ϶һ˾úصʡ
һۿȥ·ǳ̵ӡ
㵽ͦ˵ġ
һЦֱӶ˵һ㣬ֹܸӻġ
˵䣬λõɣѾǱ¶ǡС׼ϵıʱֹ̧ˡ
һɫʱ䣬Ȼ˵Ĵ䡣֮󣬱վ˿ãŽʱС԰ڿһǧȥ
ߵǧԣִǧϵӣԺҲԾˣССʱ򣬴Ϊǧ
ʮȥˣѳɼҵΪǧĴ磬Ϊɩɩˡɴ˫
һ̣ɲ֪Լڸ˴ԽԽԶϧ˽һ˿Ȼ
һԤУʹϵԽԽԽԽ·˵Ĺϵһֳ׵ƽ֮õĽ֡
ҡͷԺֹ뷨޳һǧŲŲҪСʱǧ
Ȼʱһ󲻼𣺡Ŷ
öƺҹɽ䴵磬֮͸һ˵
ɻͷ򻻺˽
ߵǰ֮󣬿һǧظŷŵĻŶǧ
ĵģһ˵ȴڸɣǧɲֻġ
΢΢һ£ջ˴ǧ֡
״ЦЦԼߵǧʱ䣬ֲӦÿˣֵӦ໰Ҫ˵
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ԣվǧԵɣĿ䵽ɵĲϣζ˵һ䣬ֲ񡣡
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ɿ˵ӣụ̈ĳָӵ
̧̧ƤôʵԸ
û˵
˵ǲԸ˵ǲʡ

˽Ųߵб档
ܾ


63 
Ȼ, ɵָҪӵʱһŲ
ţһǳϤ
һˡ
, ⻰, ڶǧϵ˽˵, Ҳ
һ, ջ֣ࡣ
뵽ԼŵΪ, 뵽ǿҪӣָ, зһ˿Ȼ
ҲԤʾ˽Ĺϵ
ɽӴ
ܽľ, ҲԶܹٽһ
˽ϵɩɩ
Ҳ
Ȼһ, ˿ɵȴһֲ״
źǡʡ
źʲô, ʲô
ɲ˼ȥ˵ǲϸȥ
ѹסüĿ, ת˳ֲ
ڴֲǲûдߵ֮һ˲漴뵽ʲôһ, ϲ˵
ֲߵǧ, û̻شһ仰ȿ˸һ, Ȼ̧, Ϊǧϵĸǧ
һǧһ߻صϵİ̺꾩ʱˡ⻰ڶ˵
, Ц, ԼҴ沿ǳĵ˵̫ˡ
ֲ¶ϲõɣ֪ܵʵΪˡֲ΢ҲЦһ¡
Ц֮վͽЩĬ
ͬͬĸֵܣһѪԵϵڣ˱޼ĴڣȻ˿̣ȴǲͨϵ
һֱδ˵ĸ죬Ȼֲ֮תķΧ첢ûпڴֵ֮ĳĬ
ֻǧϣֲƶµǧһĵ״̬ϸ΢紵գʱ̣Ϊĵˬ
Ƭ֮촽⶯˵˼֣磬þò
ֲԣͷصþò
ʵϣ˲Ųδ
ֲʱ겻飬ʱʲô
Ȼ˿̣ɣֲʵһʱķֱԶȴǰһǵĹϵ֡
˶˺ܶࡣ
ʱ䣬ԭӣ˳óˡ
ֲɵӽ£̥ǣƴǰǰ񣬶ǻ¶͸һֲɫĴݺ͵Ȼ
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ʱŮ˹ֲ˸񣬺һ֮תǧϵĸ죺ӣѾˡ
һ
ֲǧͣ
վ˵Űɡ

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ΪԷȷʵÿһΣǡʱ򣬽Եʳ׼ļе
һʼʣµֲڶԴ̬ϣȫ˵΢
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ʶԼΪ˽żͶ񣬶֮ЩĻţῪʼңȻģϵѡ˱ˡ
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á
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[С죬֮ɵĺøжȣͻȻ˴]
[š]ϵͳһֳ̫Ѩһḧֲü
ֲƫͷ죺ôˣʵ
΢΢һЦû˵ֲֻβһ£Ȼһ֡


64 
ֲ֪ΪλͻȻչ, ĿⴥԷߺͬһֱһ㣬ֲ, ס˶Էϸ֫
ͷ˳ƿֲ, ֲһֻỺŸ㷢
˶û˵
ɾ׵ķΧʿ
, ֱ峿ĵһ, Ӵķ϶ֲŲ
߳ʱ, ӭԸֲ˵λ޵, 컹δʱ뿪ˡ
, ⡣
ǰϵͳɵĺøֵܴ, ӦǶ˺Եĸ仯¶Էǰ뿪ǵദ, Ҳڸ֮С
Ͼ
ͻȻʶԼϲϵɩɩɶԣܹҪȾ뿪, ٶһˣ˴ŵĻ£úõ˼һ
ֲĬƬ, Ƕ˵Ǹ, ҵ׵ܡ
ɵĵͷõӣҼסˡ
˵ȥŰɡ
ùź, ֲȥҩ, Ժǧ, ᡣ
һ, һ硣
֮еµĸ첢δᣬǴߣֳš
ڽֵʱɲɵģ쿴һ˵ó꾩ǵˡ
ڿ˵ʱ򣬶ԷѾ첽
ΪٴԷͦüתһĨ޴ϲû뵽ֵһ㡣
ӿߵٶȣֱվڸǰ֮һദʱùƺȴкʦ
վԼǰӣƽĳ˵ʱṦҲӦĳͣԣϸ˵Ҳʦͽ
ԣû˵Ũ۽˲Щʧһ㣬΢
Ǻܿ죬ֱֱ̧Ŀϻߵĸ졣ĿŸĿ⣬֮ն˵ʮƬҶӣҵʦͽϵ
üЩڶԷ˵Ļûֱӿھܾζ˵Ǯࣿ
ֵͷǣǮࡣ䣬˵ԣ𣿡Լֱ࣬⡣
Цһǰһս֡оΪĿȻĺ촽ǱߵĲɢЩ
촽΢ţһһ˵Ϊҽʦͽϵ
û̻ش𣬶ǾĬ룬Ű뿪Ц˵ǡǮࣿ
˵˭
΢΢򴽣ǰӵЦۣںգû˵
һֹӣҡͷյֵĶϣĵɤ˵֪ϲʵһĺӡ
һ˲ӣ
Ц
һЦ䵽ֵĶ䶼Ⱦ͸
ǼˣҲû롣
ڵ˫뿪Ķϡվֱֵ֮ĵ׻һЩԼʧ䡣
ҲûǷŵɻ
Ƿǳģڸ涼ֳ˺ǿԡЩֻΪһЦ˵ǣǿ񱣬ȴץסѰĹؼ㣬˼
˿̣üͷ΢š̽ԵľôҶͺֲմ߰ɡ
Ϊעص㣬ǳʵ֡⻰һ˫ء
һ֮󣬸̧̧Ƥֵ۾
촽
һ˲䣬˽һԼʵݱȫƵĸо
ֽë΢΢˶Ѹٽֹ֮ѹȥѻԼɻϣӦǲ󡣡˵
ЦЦζ˵ĳҶԣȷʵǺӡ
ĿĥǰӸֽ͵⣬˼仰ı󣬵׻˺
״ЦЦ
֡
ֿ⳯Լ֣ܿ췴ӦԷʲô˼ҲŤֱóԼǮű㽫һװŽҶӵǮ˸ġ
˵ӺɫǮó˽Ҷӣ಻٣ǶʮƬ
ּ״̺ʦ
˹Ӧһ
˵úҷ˵Ǿ仰ḧһֵζӦ⡣
֮󣬸ջ֣ƹ׼뿪
ת㲻ôҲ꾩𣿡
Ųһ٣ͷѵΪҶ𣿡
Ȼֵ˲һ̣ƫƫû취Ϊ꾩ǣȷʵΪԷ˽иһЩ顣
Զ֮󣬻ԭصԼգ֪ͻȻ뵽ʲô΢΢һĨȡ
[Ȼѽǿֺܴɵӡ]ϵͳ仰˵꣬ͻȻһת[С죬˸㣡]
[š]ϵͳ֮ǰˡ˵ֵݸǮóҶӵʱ򣬰м䵽ϡ
·һ˵ͬ
󣬸ת˸֮󣬽ĳ·סˡ
ˣΪ׵һͿĴ⣬˾ĸߴ׳˶ӡ
ǵϲδκڵΪţ͸ε̰ƽ쿴һֻ׵ĸ
ϵͳ²һ䣺[꾩ǵΰҲôð컯֮£Ǯ]
ûϵͳ²ۣ𽥳ƽˣȻվԭأЩһ䣺ҿǺܺ۸𣿡
ʳ⻰û˼ǵĺ档ЩףͬʱЩ˿ǮҲԽҶӸ࣬ȴƺһҲûԥѡ
ԣΪʲô
쿴ˣ¶졣
ԣ࿴˿ǲûлش⣬ǿʼ´졣
ϴû뵽˵ô
οҲǼƷ
ǿϧˣǸеġ
еҲûɶ¥ĿˣЩǰе𣿡
ô˵ԣ
һһģֱӵŸͰԼͼ˵˳˿ûаѸ
Ĭˡ
ԭΪ˻£ΪȨΪɽ
¿ֿԲ
ңһʱ֮䣬쾹ȻһɻǾǾ̫̫ȻΪλһ׸Ĵ
ͷĴӶŸһЦޱŵ˵ԹٳԵͷ
˼˵ԣõ̫
ԣɫһڣ˵˭̫һԵ˵ֵǶϣСһѵ
ͬʱȳ
Ȼͷ֣ǳأٶȴһҲж֮˵Ƿǳ
ţǸӡ
˸ܽᣬڶԷһ˲䣬ֱһ̧ţ߷ɣһײͬǽϣ˳Ƶ졣
㾹ϴ󣡡˼ˣһͬʱ췢
Ҳʱ򣬸ԶһӣͬһߵӱΧ
ߵӣ˼˰룬˵ȥ


65 
ݱҹӵĵ䷶, ʵϣʵһ棬ֳǰº͡
ĮʵѾ͸˹, ŲֻǱ, ϰ˽ʵԸαװ, ڵĳ, 
ϲ¡
ȻС˿, Χһߵʱʶ뵽˲ǰ֪һЩϢ
һַǳ΢
ݸıԭ׼ĮӶ뷨, Сһȥʲô
, 꾩λڹټҽ, ǷĵĻʶⲢ꾩ĴСȫȻȫ̫ƽ
ƫĵһЩСż֮ͽ, ƺһ㣬һЩ˵Ĺ
λãһ˳ƵԽ϶ĵضΡ
ݱ书, ηЩˡ
ûйܣǱͰˡ
Ǵ˿̣ȻѡŲ, ȻúóЩˡ
̶̵ļʱ, ѾЩ˶
ȻСһͬʱ, ݲŷ, ǰһ浹ľ, Ҫ֡
ֻͬ, ׳˶Ƶ޺һ㵹ڵϣһİš
ǵ϶ӡʮЬӡ۾гһϸ죬һһ׵ͷ
ٲȻһʹ಻ѵģ
ԵСûסЦۡ
ݿһĻҲЩü
߻ƶĿӼ˵ϣתվھ˲Զİϡ
ϴߣס˴
¶ȴǳ
촽״Ҳÿֺ˲ǳ嶯Ư
׿沿Ҳ̸ԷӸͦ׿Ƴͤ
˵ڹ֮ͬǰֻе²⣬ôڣڿ֮Ĳ²ֱʵ
ӣʹߣҲڸǲ˵ʡ˵֪ǰˮ¥ҵĴ¥ͣһλߵӴӺо
ʱڳ˶˵λӺȡߣƯò˼顣֮˵ӾҩλƯɡ
Χ۵̫࣬¥Ľѹ£鷢ľȴҹӵȦﴫ˿
֮ǰҩգݾͶλлǰ棬;ϴϣûܿԷݡ
ݵЩû뵽˷£Է
һҲ¹ӲλƯɡΪԶ׼ԷȫλƯɵ
ݵԺ˼˺ܶ࣬ʵϣŹ롣ǰһԶģˡȴմȾһ˿ҳӣ΢΢һЦӺ
Եͳ͸һֺøеᡣ
쵭Ŀӣһ£ݿţϱһˮīȣһۿȥٲȻһĹӡ
ӣǰСҩҩλ˺š
󣬸Ͻݡ
ЦݣϵЦȫ෴ġ۵⡣
Ȼһϰαװӡ
䡣
ջߣţ漴Ų׼ƹӣ뿪
ȻڸӲʱ򣬶ԷͻȻȵֱ֣ۺס˸ȥ·Եȣ¡
ݵĻû˵ֻ꣬һűһתȷӦʱеѾ˶ԷУԼҲǽϡ
ǼӲʯǽǰǴߵӡ
ļ򱻶Էѹţһεţʹ޷
һУֻ˲Ϣ֮䡣
С͵طӦһĺӣҪǰȴ쳯ƮƮȥһۣԭء
ջߣݡ
˷һ˲ľ㵣Էֵÿ˵Ƿǳ侲ͳȡ˿̣ϸһҲûš
̧̧ƤӵĿ⡣
ݷ֣һ˫쳣˵۾ͫڶ䣬ƳĳظеУ䣬ȴһֱ
ݽ͵ӣ·ס㣬޶⣬ֻʶӣ빫ӽύ
ԣʶύ
ݵͷ
ЦЦߵݴս˼֣ҸȤ
ͻȻĿݶ˶٣΢䣬Ц磺ǣ¶ԹӺܸȤ
Цһִս˼֣Ĵǰӡ
һȭͷӣʶ˺ԷͻȻһֱƽʼ˲
ϰ˿̫Ȼ£ӵľ룬Ѿ֮İȫ롣
ԷĴоЩڡ
ŲȴԼǶáԷѹֻ֣ϸ޳Ʒ㣬мǿĹԡ
Ӧֽ˽
ƫƫ޷ֵֻ
ӣǿ
书Զ֮ϡ
Ȼ
۴һλȦ֮д˵Ưɣ򵥡
һ뵽⣬ݵоȻһ֡ǳصġԳ֮Ϊ˷ܵ
ע⵽ݵ仯䲻ȵʵҸȤʲô
ԣ˵ȴֶԷûش˼ǽһֻֻ
ݵ촽΢ͻȻЩ
֪Էʲô
δ֪£ԭƽȵĺҲˡ
һ룬оԷ
ݴۣĿ
ʱסСˣƻعһ㣬Ҽʲô
һΣ첢ûݿһۣʾ
С˵ĽŲ͵һ٣ɫЩŹ֡
ûпĻ͸¶Ϣš
š
С˿˿ߵӣֿ˿Ѿߴջصӡ
Ĭ˰֮˵ȷѡǾǵͷվԭأܵĽԼĴڸС
ЦһݵĿ£ϵˮīȡ
콫ȴ򿪣·
ݣ֣ö
۽޶˶͵͵һ漴ֲݣơ
콫򿪵ȻȵǰˣݵգһĵĿǣ˵ƣº͵Ƥ֮£ӦǼѪ⡣
ǵĽݵı֣Ȼ˵޲͸һ롣
ݵĺ΢΢һ£һҲûĿֱӵƵĻţһֱƽĺһ˲Īӿһˡ
ЩĿⴥӵĿʱȻһֽƵģҪ϶Է۾ĳ嶯
û˭Լ
º͵ı֮£һ˽ҿͰܷ֣ģһ뾭ѵķ
촽⶯ҡ
ֱӴȵݵĶͷǵƹӣɲöһλѻķɸȤ
֮󣬸콫ȹԭλת뿪ˡ
С˵ʱСŵһʮֺŵ㡣ĿʶŶԷıӰƶֱԼζЦС˲Żع


66 
СæܵǱ,ҪԼӣȴԷḧˡ
෽һֱѹסļ򣬿һʼٸ뿪ıӰ,΢΢,һĨǳǳĻȡ
Ȼ,Ϊ֮,һֱڼԷǱ˵ķɣط֮,ҲĽϲѡ
ÿòֻĶĵһ
ԷȻ¶ضʣԼĵ֮Сɢ޸,ٵĹؼ
ݻ𷽲ŷ£ȡ
ӡֵˮī,ݲЩ,Ǹӷţ,Լ,Բϸָ⻬յƤʱ,ֻһĸо
ӦûȻٰɡ
ô,ǹĻɢ˼֡
վԵСˣ̧ۿԼһ,⻹һο㿪ġ
ָڱġ˿Ŀ,ġĵϲá
뵽⣬СҲЦЦ
ԶԵ޺ƻԵˣʵӣЩ˸δã
˼Ƭ̣˵ϰɡ
С΢΢˶,ĿתݣЩɻʵǱߵˣʱ⼸Сආ𣿡
ңɻܹټҳ谮Ĵ䣬ôҲǻʱ˷⼸֪Сආϵˡ
ԣ֪뵽ʲôζЦֻҪ⼸ͼ֮˵ݣ΢͸¶һ£һܵġ
ܻ顣
û˵ΪС͸ݵСˣǺܿԼӵ˼
Сţ⼸飬ĽȻܲҺܲҡ
ϾɴӱϿһֲɫĳȣʵϣѶ˵ʱֶ쳣ĺ¶ԸǵĴڡ
Щƽ˲£㱻ĥٲҲϧ
ߣСݵ£˽⼸ȫţӱ޵ȥ˴¡
һߡ
ھһϵе֮󣬸Ҳû˼й顣
ʱ仹磬ֱȥҩ̡
ڸҩ̷ߵʱ򣬷ǰԶһ̨
̨Ŵ񲽣ĸ߽ǣһ¥⣬߽ǶΧˡ
[С죬Ǳװɣ]
ϵͳЩ˷ܣֱ׵ȻڸĹҲûÿϣǾ÷ǳ˼
[С죬Ҫȿٻȥ]
ϵͳڴһʱ䣬˼Ƭ̺Ҳȥҩˣ˳ϵͳΣվһԽٵĽ䡣
ڸһֱߣվڽΪεĽλãΧЩһ˼ڱ̨ϵˣûע⵽ĵ
̨ϣ͸ߴ׳ڼҵĶԾһóìһó
Ǿ˭Ӯ
ⲻ˭Ҳ˵׼
ΧЩֵˣۿⳡԾβ㿪ʼ
Ѿˣʤ߾ܳΪŴ˵ĳһС˵š
ôĽԱߵİӵ٩һ䡣
һ̷ôܻĽżҵĴСԣڸʮĻţȥ¥׸żң춼ñӡ
ѵ꣡Сһ㣡
⻰˵꣬뵽ʲô˿̨ϵһˣ˵һ㣬պöȻǽʳ
е˵ͷ⻰˵ҲԣżҵĴСȻУżȷʵǸ֮ңҵ¥ҺлҶմ״ʡ
ԣ쳤һ¥ȥôһ˵Ҽǵ¥ҴӺлҴӶ˵ģôվڱ䶼ˣҲˣ
Ҳһ¥ȥһ¥żɣҹλӦǺżҴСһҪյĽ֮󣬲Ż
ӰĿ̨̾˵˵ҲֻջʤߣǿԵżҴС㡣
˭֪żףҪżүһλǿѹסԼŮķ
ⲻǷϻ𣡡һţżҵĴСóóޣҪ׸еķûѧףһպִλСһӹǾͷ˰
꾩ǵЩȤǰһһۣҲƴ˸߰ˡ
һ̨Ѿĩˣֿһ̨һ¥һλϣĿ̨ϵĶԾ
˵ƣͷף۾ȴ쳣ֱ࣬վеĻ
콫Ŀת׼˫һˡճì˴һóìΪ֧ŵ㣬֮ųˣڶԷ㿪һɲǣֱһߣþȫԷ̨߳
̨߷ɵˣ˵ľУֱֱĳڵķ
վڸǰġԭ۵˵ɴ۾һ㵵ĿŴԼͷϷɹˡ
ǽӲת顱һÿǱĵڵϣ鴤Ĵ³һڰĭȻһջ˹ȥ
⡭ͬʱһ¿ˮ̫ˡ̽˶
Ҳʱһ˲ע⵽Ű´ߵĸ졣
ֻһˣ̨ΧҲ˷ӡ
Ψ̨ųìˣڻʤϲУϲĴ󺰣ӮˣӮˣ
Ļһ䣬Ȳ˽ࡣ

쳣Χ˵ע
Χ۵Ĵ󲿷ְգŽת̨һСֵˣһַǳĿ⣬Ÿ졣
[Ҳˣˡ]
ϵͳ˵
[ϡ]ϵͳصúܸɴࡣ
Ȼڸת׼뿪ʱŶԾ߳ĺŮӣͻȻһԾԼٶȳŸ߷
ͬʱľ磬еĳޣҲһֱŸȥ
һ󾪺
ۿⳤ޾Ҫ򵽰ӵϣ׷ס˺
ϵǡ
żҴС˦ȥĳ޲δӣֻֻ̧һ֣ȵץסƱ˵ĳޣδת
䵽̨ϣҪջسޣȴⳤ޾Ȼ˿
ۣŲԶס޵ӣ϶ʱֳŨŨζ
ֻⱳӰͲƶϳӶȻһÿӡ
ҡ
书ǿ
Ĺ˹ϲƯӣᱻ˵
Զ׼̨ģֻĻʤߣӸ⡣
촽⶯˵ȴر޵һ˷ȥʮǱˤ˵ϣȳһĻҡ
һУֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬Ӧ
һ߿ţһ߳˫׼̧һ˲䣬Ŀǰɫ
⽫̧ĺŮӡ
ԭŭ㣬ڶϸµ۾˲Ϳ˿ǡ
һ룬ϴߵİӣüöԵ̲һ䣺ϵĻңζΣ
㣺


67 
仰,ŷӦԼųһӵĻңǰ,ƺ׼ŭš
,ǻعˡ˿̣ӵĿţ㷢Լûһ˿ˣʼܿƵļӿ졣
ֽ֮мż,ʮٻеġ
գգ۽,գգ۽,ȷʲôһ㡣
첻ͬŮӺʱţվ׼뿪ȻԷͼ̴ӵվ,Ѹ˵㲻׼ߡ
⻰ѿڶ
żһֻһˣƽҪ÷硢Ҫ,ö֮ŰӣϰԵַʩͬ˵
⻰,,Դ˵ǵϵĻ,ûԹ
ɫһ䣺㣡
ջ,Ƣ𱬵ĴС㡣
ȻԷȴȻ׼뿪
ڸתǰһ,¸ô˵һҲ˲˼ֱӽһӣٴγŸ˦˱,ҪñӲס
һΣûܳɹ춯ס˳ޣȻԼһգ֮ţͱԴǰ
˵ߵԵʣҪ̧ͷܶϸ۾㡭
ŸշһͱĶӰʧ
һֻĳޣһֻס°͡һȣҪƫһЩ
˿̣ŶԷ°͵΢ʹԭĵЩ䡣һεѹȸдɢֱֱϮ㣬Щ
ˣ°ʹǱԷסĲλһַ·ĴʹС
۵һݶŤ
Ҳʱں֪ʶԼӡǰϴߵӣǵĴڡ
촹ڵĿŨ۽·͸һƬӰΪīͫ׸˼ֲĪ⡣
ʱģ˵ȴᣬ㷽û˵Ļʵʲô
ͬʱеּ˼֡
°ͶЩģȴֻоʹ䡣
ټԼ°Ϳܾͷˣ㼱æ˵Ҵˣ·磬ʶʱΪܡ
һ飺ôˣ
Ϊ°ͱסˣֻһգۣãǿ
ʱʮĻˢˢİοΧȺѸܹ֮԰Χ֮ƣΧ
ſҼС㣡Ϊ׵Ӵ˵һĶŸ졣
״ûסﰵһЩûķʱ˵ֻĪ
ɨһ۽ΧסĻ߶񵽿˵ĻϣȤ˵ţҺΣ˵ţٴʹ
ֱ۵ý
⻤״ʱˣǻڣͰν
һǵòеģǳһּ򵥵Ļӵıǿϲ֮˵⡣
ôţ˼ĿһżҴС㡣
˵ƯƯӣôˡ䣬ƳΪ׵ĻǶ¡
Ϊ׵ĻЩԥ˵ʲôһϵȴʮϣ
żүһɫȣ˵˹㣬ĿȴǶŸ죬͸Եľһ˿в
λӣʲôú˵
ԸĿ̺ŵģȴһָٲ֣ͻԿͷ˼
ۡ
ٻ
ϰۺԼռλҪݵĽɫԸЩ䵭ǿƵģӲв
ԭǴ֣ȴͻȻı⡣û֣ٴʹˡ
ǰŹͷġڡ۵òҽһôιȥ
żүɫ˲űˣҲ׼˸졣
żүһ£
Ȼżү⻰䣬ͱһֹˣţ
лѸ߹վڸߣĿɨŸεĻ˵ҿ˭Ҷ
żүüͷ壬뻤Ƕŵл꣬˵ݣʲô
лЩ˰εʲô
żү˵Ů
л꣺ӣȣˡ
ʳѡ
żүŭл꣺ҪΪһԣ
лصʲôˣҵĹˡ
䣬˵˵ˣлżҲֻһϵմסȥ游Щ飬ݽնù
żүúӶҲǴСһ𳤴ģۣ
лЦһۣ˵ҿϺͿȨƾˣϰԵв档
żүһüͷʱøˣ⻰ʲô˼
𣿡лһ˵ţһƳһɫ׵㣺ŲͻȻ֣ⱦŮҲܹ֮ۡ
һֱδڵĸ죬л˵⻰΢ЩĿһۡ
Щû뵽ûཻ̫л꣬ܽ鿴ͨ͸һ׼ķԵɡ
żүָл꣺ݣҪҹȻĸ֪Ȼᡭ
żүû˵꣬ͱлֱӴˣĸ
ﰵżүϵ϶
żүһҭһһֱδ˵İӣϴߣ޷Է˿̵ı顣
ջأתӵл꣺άˣԷδ顣
л˵Ͳͷˡ
żү˵ʲôһ˹̡̫
żү˾һ㣬תͷӣ˵ͣأ𾴳үҽߡ
лһ̿¥ͣ룬¥ҴӦòԼľˣõָ
ĿǶ¥͵ģȻ⻰ȴǶżү˵
żүһ㶣ˣһĿ˿¥ֿͣ˿죬ֿ˿¥ͣôһ£
¥û̻شżүɻ󣬶ޱĳŸȥֱߵһ֮˵̫̣λȷʵµľˡ
Ϊƹ¥ҵμ¥͵ƽȻȴͳݾܾԣɶ̬Ⱥܼûһء
żүֻ۾ԲˣͺָһһվڸԵ¥ͺл꣺ǣǣǣ
˵ǣӲûҳһʵݡ
ˣˣȫˣ
ʱ۵˼άʼҵ㣬ǳѵĿڵ桭游Ƕ°ɡ
ôȥ°Ϳ»᳹׷ˡ
żү⻰۵ĺ㣡䣬һӣԻ˵£
л֮żү¥ͺл˵˰ɣ
¥ͺлû˵ͬʱĿת˸졣
Զ׼ø
ɿ֡
˵ʵҪ˵ά˴˷վΪ˵ǳˡ


68 
, ⳡżүٰıףʹιȥ㣬Ǵżҽ
żү, 뿪֮ǰ࿴˸ۣ˼Ŀ˿¥ͺлˣ֪뵽ʲô, Цһһ, ˦뿪ˡ
¥ͺл֮, żүתԶҲš
ǿվԼҲ¥̲ͣ˵˾䣺˳־, ѵ֮, ǻǷ
Ȼһ仰첢û˵, ֪˼
ʵ, ¥ȷʵ˻⡣, ΪԼվΪ, ֵܵ˶ԷӺоĶ顣
ߵøɴ䣬ûüл, һʵʱл, ЩΪԭҵ
żⳡ׵ֳϣȫ¥͵֮⡣
¥ѹǷΪԷ΢ϲá˿̣ڶӿԼĿ֮촽΢, ˵֮, һлȴͻȻ
, 콫תлꡣ
Ѿߵ¥ͣעлĿȥ֮˲һ٣ðīü΢ڵͫﻮһĨ⡣
ʱ¥ڳһܿóԼĴֵá
û¥ȡ
ֻлꡣ
лûһ¥ͣԸ΢΢һЦʮˬʵ˵û뵽㣬ɰ
صȷʵɡ
꾩ǵܹ㣬ССĽڶ࣬·Ҳơȴоƺ׾Щҹǡ
ǲǰݣڵл¥͡
лĻظǱ߹Ļ˼֣룬˵꾩Ҳжʱˣһδ֪֮꣬пգȥR¥š
R¥
ţR¥;ﲻԶƺ¸ܾлֽ˵Ĳʽܶ࣬ܳԵܵصزƷ
ԣû̻ظǴ˼š
л״ʱЩŵŴüڴ
˼֮˵R¥ˣǿԡ
ǰ䣬лʧĴ仰֮һ˲ʶǿһŵ˼л۾˲һ
Ŀ󣿡л֣ܿ
ǵøҩ̵Ķ档
Ϊʲôѡȥ
лü
˽ô˵ĪΪȥŵĻڸ濪ҩ̵ֲʱͬһ㣿
뵽ֿԣлϵЦʱɢһЩ
ע⵽л仯ǳȻĿڣ϶лĲ²⣺
죺ֲ룬ǻպͽ֮¡
лĬ˰룬˵ͷá
ĴлܸоóԷᵽֲֵʱֳģһֲκеЦ⡣
˽ֲ֮䣬ƺЩһˡ
лĲһ㣬ʶʲôϵЦҲɢȥˡ
ѹеһ˵ɬ֮⣬лʱ̣Ǹ
һ漴뿪ˡ
л꿴ŸıӰЩζӡ˵֮ǰ˽ֲûк⣬һ˵Լ˵˽޸ֲǱȵġ
ڣǴ˽˵ֲʱǴ˽֮ἰֲһ
޲˵һ㣬Ǿ˽ֲ뷨Ӧǲͬˡ
˽ϲֲԺԼıɣɳܵĿһ׵ӡ˽ֲǻͨ⣬޷ˣ޷ٱִǰ̬
Ҫһ˺úһ롣
˼ˣлҲ뿪ˡ
ֻʣ¥վԭأĬԡ
һ۸뿪ıӰյӲ͸һѹȸСȻһԽݣ·ȴʶѡƵС

ϵСûӰ츶飬һ·ȥҩ̡
ҩڣֲڸһλϸץҩ
ȥʱֲ̧ôԸ˵һ䣺һ¡
˵ͷ漴磬ϡ
һץҩֲ˽
ߵǰȻַڸ˫ϣ΢΢̧Ÿ졣
˷˿ýˣŵֲΪץҩµҩζŨģеľ㡣
촹ĿֲĿӡ
֪ʲôʱ𣬸췢ֲǰƢԣʾ˳һ档׺ݵҰצ¶ĺ󾱣ֻϣܵõ͵Ĵࡣ
ò˵ΪϰռĸԣЩá
ʹһǱֲҲ˴š
֣ḧֲβ
ֲסϰԵһ䣺չΣʲôȤ£
𣿡
ֲüף㱻𣿡
췴һ䣺ʲôĳ̶Ǳ
ֲ룬˵Ǳ׵ĵע⵽
Ҵߡ
ֲ˵ĻϴߣҲעĿ
û϶ԣ΢΢ǰ˵Ұϵȡ˰ɡ
ֲ˳ȡ˸ϵߡ
˳ֽ߷ԱߵĹϣȻַ˸ĺ󾢣΢ʹһЩøλλ·Լ
ͷֲ̧ͷ
ڿн㡣
һ룬ֲǷڸ󾱴Ħһ£űֱ˸˫
ֲ̬˳ģ˵͡
ȻǣȴǰԵȵ࣬ľ|ȡŸÿһ|ؽ䡣|ĥ˱|ף||ճͼԼϢϮ졣
һֲ֮ſ˸죬ͷŸĶͷƽԼҶٵĺ
󣬴Ϣƽ֮󣬸Ž£˵ֲ
ֲ꣬Ĭ˰룬صʱ䶨ʱ̣
죺š
ֲǻһʱ
ֲĻ䣬Ų
һĸŮ߽ҩ̡
ֲ˳ȥѯ˵
ҪŮ˵ҹȾ˷纮￪ҩŮӿŶʮ꣬Ƥܲ԰ףûʲôѪɫЩģ˶͸һ
òǳСɣмĸо
ֲҩʱŮʱʱ촽ţԵĸһֱַ
ֲע⵽ĸ׵Щ֣ԼŮĿҲΪӣ̺ĳìܵɬѱ棬ǿ־ϧ
ֲֻһۣ㲻ƿĿ⣬Ͼ˵£޹ء
ֲܿ쿪ҩǮĸŮ뿪ֻ֮ص
ʱ˻
ֲ첢û̧ɴ߿Żݡ
ֲ״һ۸ĻЩʣʲôרע
ԣϻķֲ
ֲƤдŵĸ֡
꾩̷


69 
꾩̷
ֲ΢΢һ, ʵôͻȻ͵ĻȤˣ
첻˵̵ʱżȻġ䣬뵽ʲôֲһ䣺û⻭֮ǰ, ҵû뵽꾩ô֮¡
ֲߵ£Ӹù⻭ⷭ»ݣص໭, ඼Ǳ׫ƾģʵԺܵ͡
ԣû˵ƫͷֲ
ֲϸߣϻôˣ
û˵, ôֲ
˵ǹ۲ֲ
ֲüۣ, ٵ촽򥡣
ֲרע߿, һºᡣ
ԾûջĿ˼, ֲظһ飺ôˣ
, ֲĻ֮, Ȥһ䣺ŹħĴڣ
ǵˮʱ, ڹЩ, Ҵ˶ŲɣĹټҸǹ㿪̳
Щ, ΪˮΪֹԸҽѧƾǰֲ, Թħ, οġ
ֲû뵽ӻͻȻ⡣ŶԷ۾, ˫ƯëӰ, Ī䡣
ֲֻһûйƮѰˣô˽⣬Ժ׵ġ͸һܷѰ߼Ļش
ǣͨˡ
Ϊӵһߡ
һ˱Ĵڣһ졣
⣬Ҫ˼ǡ
ֲĬ΢΢ü죺ôѻش𣿡
˵䣬ֲߴս˼ֱֲ֣۾ͫתôһĨζ
һɲǼ䣬ֲΪѾȫ֪ǸܣԲŻ꾩̷Ļ⡣
ʵôһ룬Ҳ֣ס
Ͼ˽
Щӣһֱͬ˽һ
ֲã˽ĻԷоֹ￴ʲôҲ֮С
˼ת䣬ֲһеĻش𣺡ħУޡ
ԣһЦش𣬿ɲġ
ֲ촽⶯˵ʲôȴûֲĻشϼᣬֲµĻ
ֲ״һͬʱһַǳ΢ʧ䡣ţֹǲζ˽ûô⡣
ΪôأԲŲִ𰸵ı󣬿صࡣ
ôţֲüĿĬĬ˸һۡ
漴ͻȻ뵽ʲôҡҡͷﰵԼôͻȻûʧҡ
ֲ˵ʲôȻŸշһͱĽŲˡ
ֲֻðԭҪ˵ĻŻضȻ߳硣
ҩ̵һŮӣͬһĸŮһҲ￪纮ҩġ
ŮӵģҲΪСɣۣüݶϸȻƤûһŮǰ԰ףͬûʲôѪɫ
ֲץҩʱվһԣţü֮͸һɾ⡣
ŮӸǮֲõҩ뿪ҩ̡
ŮûãҩһŮӡ
ͬģҲη纮ҩ
ǰŮһŮӵͬݣòԼ硣
ӶŮǰ纮ԭ˲ôעֲҲһ˿˼
Ůߺֲ̨ϰڷŵŲֽüͷ΢΢šһ¡
ֲ˼Ƿĳϵʱ򣬸˳
ߵֲߣֲͬһ𣬿˲ֽ
ֲ̧۵˵Ĺ̫ͬˡ
ŮӣǶʮһݣɫ԰ףҶҹȾ纮
ֻϼ㣬ֲע⡣
ֲЩģ
һŮӵĲ֢ȻӱϿǷ纮ֲȴЩԾԼо˵Ĳ״ǵķ纮¡
λŮӵϣŵһͬζζܵŮӳõ֬Ϣǰҩ÷ڵ֮ɢϢеĳֺݵζ
ζֻһУҲͰˡ
̶ʱڣŮӶˡ
ⲻòֲһЩ˼
üͷˡһ˵ţһ֣ƽֲΪ˼ʶüͷȱˡ
ֲԣ΢΢˵ͷס֣ڸָһ£ȻŲֽһ𣬵һ
ĩˣֲһ۽ֶķʱ䣬Ը˵ȥԤȡ
ԣǿһ۷һĲֽֿһλҩ̶ĸĵһ
лԼõʱʱ̡
ʱ̵ʱлѾ˸
ֲԤõżЩεķܲʵãŲӡҩ̿л˵
лԣͷҲûص˵Ҿ뿴Ƕȣܲܿҩ˽
лõΣΣ˵ţлϵıյĲˮһ
ڵʵ㲻Ϻá
ǻ˽ֱ֮󣬱ؼһ˺úһ룬ȴ֪˱Ϸ֮µл橴ˡ
СǰЩΪ˻һֱԺﷴ˼һػɡ
˽֮̾鷿֪Ҫ˽ţִҪһ
һͬ⣬һֱ˼
л걻òУջ⡣
Ҳ֪л橵Ƣԣûͬ⣬СָҪ͵͵лڰЩɿصСлƤӵ¡
뵽⣬лֿлһۣԺϲõл˵һŵʱעоֹҪԽ硣
л橰˰֣֪ˡ
һ뵽һܼ˽ˣл橵۾ġ
л״ջߵͬʱ΢ɲ̾һЩԳţãǶ˽жӡ
ʱ̡
ֲͬһ׼ʱ˸
лڿֲģССľһ£ԭµȻǳǳֱ׵ĸ̾
仰˵֮˿죬ֿ˿ֲͻȻôһ߽Ȼİ䡣
ԣ
ԲԲԣ
л̧һԼա
Լ˵ôô룡
ֲһҲªǳ˧Ҳô룡
˽ôÿ˭䲻
лҲ䣡
ôţлĦԼ°ͣһԼֳ漴ֿһ߹µ˽ɷ°˵ͷڿ϶Լĵĵ뷨
л״üͷʱ΢΢һֱл橵ˣȻʲôõĶ
ûпĻŴл橵۾ﻹһ˿Լɣǡ
л꾯ԵƳлһۡ
Ȼлֻ΢΢һЦһ룬ʮͬкţֱлԸ˽ˮϻ˵ԽԽÿ
䣬ֲֿտص˵˾䣺ȻҲúܿ
лٴη
ʼ˼ںл橸ü


70 
ϧûкҩġ
лֻĿл橲ͣ˵Ż, ͬһİ㡣
գһų˽û˵ϼ仰
һƸлΪ, ƫƫлʼٸ߻Ȼ
Żؼҵʱл橶˵Ž˽ŵĸܡ
лüͷһ͹ʵЩ̲סˣੲݵл橣ͣ
лһͣ, һַǳл꣺
лƤЦⲻЦ˵лܲܰ㡣
л̧۵ֲǵһ֪һࡣ˵Ȼ
лԼ͵̫ѨЩ˵Ұһ
лԣ´л꣬뵽ʲôһ㣬Ȼǡ
л, ˵
л橣
лգգ, Ÿտ˸, л֪˵ʲôˣ
лЦ
Ȼ֪л˵ʲô
², һҲ
лҡҡͷ, ̾һ, һֹ˵۹⿴л, Ȱɡ˽ǲܵġ
֮ǰصʱ, ֲ֪ʵģ˧˽һʻţϡϾֲļҾ, Ҳãȳ, һձġ
һ, ֲúÿ, Ҳûʲôձ, Լһҩֻ̣ῴҪǣ˽ֲ֮һ˽벻ķΧ
ʱȻ֣ĳЩ˼ʵ൱ϸ壬ó˽ֲģ֮պܺãһֺõ޷ŵĵز
ôһԱ֮Ϊл껹лᡣ
ôţл˵һ䣺ʱֹɡ
лԣЦһ߻ҹա
ڵҹĻǣҫ۶䣬˽۾ƯúӡǧǺӣȻ䡣
˽ԣþһңɼΡ

˵λСŮҹڼɱˣ
Ȼ˵ˣ˵ֻλСŮҺ֣ҵСŮҲҹɱˡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ɲǣö˶˵ĴôͻȻڼɱ
Ү
ֲȥҩ̵·ϣΧš
ңң֣ҡ
΢΢һ٣Եֲ
ֲҲͬһʱ̿˸졣
˵ڿн㣬ֲҩ￴纮ŮӣǸպöӦգ
ֲͷǡ뵽ʲô˳
ʱһһ˴ֲ͸߾˴֮С˵š
˵ɱ֮ǰﻹʲôҪԼ׼а񡣡ص˵
ޣʲô׼ʲôаǴ˵ģɲɢҥԣ߸ӵһۣɲҴµ˰ץ
Ҳ˵ģö˶֪ˣ¾סġ
סҲ𴫣ҿǻǸϽؼҰݰ㣬ƽ
˵öԣǶ̫ˣ͸ǰñһ
ǰñҲûô£˭Ҳ֪
˵ˣҾï}ûţ
а׼
⼸ؼʣ촹ۣлһĨ˼
ҩֲ֮ż¼λŮӵĲ˳˺üΡ
÷˿еа𣿡
ֲԣֽ·źã쳣侲˵νаҸΪװŪ
û˵ֲԱҩ̵ĴšﲻһԤУգ꾩ǾͻԲֹ
ڴ֮ǰ
콫תֲ
ֲ촽һ˵˸˿̵룺ڴ֮ǰҩ̵顣
ϾɱŮӣͬһҩ̿纮ҩ֮ͬǴµ˲鰸Ӧǲܻһ㡣
ʵϣҲ縶ֲԤϵǰ㡣
ʱ֮
Ŵٷӣʮҩ̡
߽ĸߴݿ͸һֳȺȻĹڸֲԣİ
Էʱͬлһϡ
ǿ˸һۣ漴ſվڸԵֲֲͣ룬漴ſڣضλҩ̵·ϣӦѾ˵ҹ
ʵͨɱҪôµĳ顣
ҹ漰˷ǳеۣԾܲٵͨɱ
ҵĻףʱƻٷ꾩ڱؽֵĻ̡̻
ϲϲĨǣֱֲԵҽ˽һЩ⡣
ֲԣû˵Ƴһ֮ɨһĽ
Щճɫףɱƣһϣͻ̽ץĸо
ֲЦһʵ˽ʲô
ǰ˵ŮӵĲ¼ó
ֲû˵ʲôֽݸϡ
ϲĵٶȺܿ죬ûãͽߵĲˡ
ֲֽ˳һ䣺¼֮⣬ŮϷʲô֮ͬ
ζֲûŮŵζ߸ϡ
üͷ΢΢
ֲ˵Ҷ˵ˣǼ²̫ס
ԣ׼˵ĸֱҴҴ˽ˣҩһ»ϡ
⸱ֵУŵĺȻֲķ纮ҩ
ֲ۾Уƽץҩû»ϡ
ֲ̧ڵͫһ⣬ӰҪֲģû˵ѡ
ߣֲûκζݣϸûжı仯ĬһĪƽ
ƽ֮ӿΣյİӿˮ֮ȴֻϸ΢
֮ջߣ˵ûУ˵˶㣬Ҫҽһ֤ʵ
䣬ֲһ䣺ڴ֮ǰҩ̿Ҫʱرռա
ֲصԡ
Щ£ҲҪŪס
ֵȻΪ֦߻ɽλ˵ֵʱֿһһֱδ˵ĸ졣
ûб仯
⻰ֲ΢΢ü
Ȼ֪⻰˵Ƕǵı˵Ǳļӡ
ֲԶν
أƾЩǸֲ˵ġ
ֲϣʵд䣬Ǵҩ̣
ûػתԸ˵ȥҡ
Ҫһһҵĵ顣
˳ҩ֮󣬸ûסʵˣ»ȷʵڷ纮ҩ﷢ֵģΪβҩƹȴش£
ϵ²ġ
ֲ⣺ΪΣȻ»ڷ纮ҩҵ˵֤ȷ䣬Ҳ˵ҩ̲Ǻ޸ϵ¼ӵ˴ش£׵
ϻصûҪͷҩ̣Ŀֲ͸֮ؿһۣû
Ǹˣֻ˽
ˣֵ˷κ˼
ҲΪֲô»Ϸڷ纮ҩ
ֶʱѽˣȻҩƹģΪδҪɽǣⲻǻ
ûлش𣬶Цһ˵͵ҵĶȤζɡ


71 
˵ĶȤζ
ֲ, ǳĲ
رǵ˵ϣֳЦ֮󣬾͸ˡ
Ϊһϸĸ, ֪Щ²ɶʣֻܵ㵽Ϊֹ

ҩߡ
쵭ɨһǽվĽֲ
˿ֲ̣˼, յ֮˵ȹҩ̡
һ
ҩڵĶʰֲ֮ߵҩ̵ţ, Ƿֱֳţվֲ͸
ʱ, һСܹ첢ûʲô, Ҳûбش֮, ΢һ
쿴, ôˣ
ֵ˵µҩ, Щ, ˡ
ֲƳһƽŹ, ɫ΢䵭ҵķ, 㵣ġ˷֣ھע˴˵ݡ
ɫδ, ûֲ֮һ, ֻ߸ǡ˵, ʱֲ˵Ļ벻Ķ
һ˼ڸϡ
ֲüͷһ, ֱһ嵲סֵߣƵ˵̫ܵˡ
ЦһץҩʱСģôµע⡣
Ȼ·ϣѾ˵Ŀǰ
ֲһ˶ԣתͷ˵ǻؼҡ䣬ֲ׼ǣ֡
Ȼֲֻδָ⣬˳ҩǰһһŮǰڸͬһùŵлá
лл橵ϾǽȻҲ½ҩ̵ϢԼҴҵĸ˹
л橴ǰֱӼֲվڸǰ¡ϸϸİѸ쿴˸顣ȷϸûκ˺лü֮Ľ֮ɫ΢ɢȥһЩ
лһãá
л橼ֲɫȴ̫ã˸ҲˣлþȻҲˡ
л橽Թվ˽ǰΪֲЩѡ
˽ķɣ
ֲۣǣ֣Լߡ
лЩͬü漴ĿֲҺлҲֻǹ˽ѣֲ㲻ҪСǼ
л˵СǼֲ
ֲŸֽ˽촽ճһӲֱߣޱĿлãȴԽԽ䡣
һԵ֣˿ֲֿ˿л橺л꣬У˼
ʱл꿴⼸ߵһߣʵµ
ʻĽԣ˵ͷǵġ
л˵ֻҪɱһδƣǾһղ߳룿
ٴεͷǡֲ֮һ䣺Ƿ˵˵İȫ
л⻰ﻮһĨ⡣

ţǱ
лϲ鰸ķ
ȷɱֲ˽йأǱȻλὫ˴ش顣Ǵ˷ûн˴أǱ϶밸޹ء
ȻѾȷ˽ֲ밸޹أȴϵıʵ̫ͳ硣

ʲô
лü
ǹ˽ֲһֻǵһ´ڸУ
һ㣬˵ͨ
лɻӣƻһʱϣΪλô
лţͱһϤˡ
Ҿ֪϶
лһ٣ķȥֻһǳɫ¥ȣһһ˹
лû¥ȣǰĿת¥һ¥ϡ
¥֣ϲڴСҴܣҲͰˡ¥ΪҲˣ
˼ת䣬л뵽ĳֿܣĬĬ˸һۡ
ԣҲΪ˽
ǵòǰ˽ȹ¥͡
лǰö¥˵ʲô
¥һϾĻ˾䣺ʲôģҺʹ־ʲôġ
лü׼˵ЩʲôһӲԶ橣ݣû뵽ﾹ֡
л橺лͬʱһ٣ԼͬĿķ򡣺ܿһݿŵӳǵС
лʵԣ֣ôҲˣ
΢΢һЦݼҴҵĹߣǡý£
֮ݿһ۸죬漴ֿ¥ͣ⣬¥ҼҲ
¥û˵ޱ顣
¥͵䵭ݲ⣬ֻЦЦ
һԵֿŲ̶̶ʱͳļӣһζֲһַǳ΢ͬ顣
ûзĻ⼸ӻԭӦöΪ˽ǻٶ˽Щ⡣
ôһֿԽԽֲûס˵һ䣬òһеġ
ֲȻǰżͬߣӢͦüͷ΢壬һȻĵ棬ֱֱɨЩԲͬɳˡ
Щ˶ɱˡ
һֲĵ
ڵҲѻ𰵺ɱ𺡣
оֲ仯ĬĬ˶ָ⣬ָĦһֱֲ֡
ֲһ١
ôһϸ΢Ķȴ˲ĵ׷ӿɱҲɢȥ˼֡
ʱ̫վѾ˰ǵע⣬һЩΧ۵ʼС
ҩ̵ĴλƯɵʲôͷĸӣ
ǰǰлҹҲͰˣƹӺ¥ҴӾȻҲˣ
ƹúţ
ɲ꾩޸ƹӵŮǣֱ˵ʤ
ôҲĶ
˵ﻰ䶼쵱ƹӵİĸ
Ҿҩ̴ҵķôţ˿ѷɫЩӡ
ȷʵرλƯɣƤ۵ðˮٱŮһ¡ֲԵŮĶ˾ޣ
Щ˻̸ţΪ׵Ľ߹ȥһɨ˵֣Ͻߣ
һɢһͷ뿪ûټΧۡ
Ϊ׽һ漴ͷ
ӴԼͷȻ֮䣬㿴ңҿ㡣ͬʱת⼸ҹӡ
ôһ˲䣬ǺȻˣĪǴΪ˱Χķ
ЩΧ۵Ⱥǿϣ⼸Ժյҹǣǿǲ𰡡
ôţͬʱͷ
Ϊ׵ĽӴԼ񣬳ĬƬ̣תֲ˽˵λҪؼң˶͡
һַǳǿҵֱǼôȥָᷢʲôɿص¡
ֲһۣ΢΢ס
лһסΪ׵ĽʵǲǴȥĵطɣ
л橺ϵĻⲢӰµĽ
Ϊ׵ĽصֻǻǶ˻ؼҡ
Ļ˵꣬һߴɫ˹
Щˣ˭
׼νסӶҩ̴һ磡


72 
磿
Ϊ׵Ľ˲һ㶡
˿ǰ, ֻͷ˿ҩ̵Ĵע⵽˵üм΢֮󣬽ջ˰ν֡
û˽, ɴǰ, ѸֲĸǰѯţûˣЩûΪ㣿
ֲҡͷ
漴ʵôˣ
ɻص˵Яҩ, ǳʲô⣬͸Ϲˡ˵, ֲԵĸһۡ
ֲɩɩް
ɶһ, 漴ɨܣӢͦüͷ΢壺Щˡ
ֲ졣صúܸɴ, 򵥵ֱ㽫лֵˣͨͨ˳ȥ
Ц, ջ˷΢ͬ顣
лЩͷţʲô죬ǿгԹһٷĽ顣
˵⣬лһл, Լֳ԰лꣿ
л꿴һۣһ
Цһ, 漴ٴɨһ⼸ӣǼҴɩɩ죬ѵӦʶȤԶ𣿡
´, Ȥ˵һ䣺Сӹܵûͦġ֮ƺǾû, ֱĲһ䣺֪, Ϊ˽ķɡ
ɫһ㣡
ֲҲֿ˹ȥ, Ŀİ
ֲֵܵͬʱ, Ҳ˿ţǰ˰֣м޹˵ҲֻǽԼĸ˵˳
˵仰ֿ֮ӣĿת˸ϡ
ô˵ء
ʦˡ
˵ģȴɫ䣬λ֮⣬ƽúһж޹ء
һ˲䣬ֲ뵽С˵ǶΪĴᣬڸ߸ߵϣ޶Թ֮ɫȻĮĸǡ
ͺǿ
־ãô֮ϲ˽ƺҲΪˡ
Ƴһۣע⵽ǿݵϣƷḻı仯öµȻйء
췢һԷ֮ǰ¶һЩصʱ򣬶ԷƺΪʲôһǳȡڣĸоͺƣһЩ鷳ֻԼ
Ƿֱ֮󣬻صصЩʲô
ֲע⵽Ե˽ڿ죬˽ֹ˽Դ˽ߡ
˽ĿתԼϺֲ˵ǻȥ
һ
ֲ͸ڽĻ£լԺ
ɣҲֲͬ͸һ
¥ȿ˿ֲ˽뿪ıӰ漴ֿԼҴ֣ǲǰˣ
¥Ƴһۣ
¥һǳʶȤһơ
¥͵뿪ˡ
ˣûɸȥҲ뿪ˡ
ֿ⼸뿪ıӰ΢΢һĿϷ֮ˣ̾һ䣺㡣
䣬ͻȻһ٣ʶԼ⼸ȣҲûʲô֮ͬϵЦҲ˲ɢˡ
ʲô㰡˵ֱ
ԺǼ˲ͬ
⼸ôᲢۣϾˮԭľ˽Ϊܸãɱԭɡ
ͳһ㣬ҲǼȣҲġ
ԣ
ʲô
һԼԴԭȻ˽ܺãȱһͷΣ󻹱Ѫԧ¥ԳΪʲôֵýģ
ж
Ȼж
һɫ뿪ˡ
һߡ
ֲ͸סլڡ
ɣԼֲˣСԺͤ
ֲһǶһ
ҲŤֱֲ磬⾿ôһ£ôɱϹϵ
ֲԣ򾭹־䣬߸ɡ
󣬳ĬƬ̣ʵڴô죿˵ţֿ˿ֲԵĸ죬ǴôɵţֱǱߵ𣿡
ɶڴûκκøУڲѾʼĴ£оЧʡ
ټһĵƫԶȨ߸ܼа˵Ŵµ仹ֱִ󻷾֮£ɶԳ͢ûκκøС
ټЩʶǼλӢܣɶڳ͢͸ӲΡ
û˵˼Ŀһۡ
ֲ˵д㡣
ԣϸ룬漴˵ͬһ𡣡
ֲҪ˵ãɾһ˵һ˶һ
ֲɱ棬ִ˵ֲһԸǰȴΪͬΪӵֳɵԸʮ˽⡣
ֲ֪˿̲ͬ⣬ɵ˽⣬ɱȻڰĵ顣ɸһˡ
ǷΧ֮ڣܱ֤Щǿɿصġ
˼ˣֲ˵ͷ
ɼֳͬˣһֱŵĿЩ͡
˵нţҪȥĻֻܴӷϷȥ
ֲȲµ˵ߵļУǰȥ»ϡ
ɿֲ㣿˵׼ʱȥ
ɲû˵Ҫ˼Զ׼
쿴ֲһۣĶ˵׼֮ж
ԣ˼Ƭ̣ͷȷʵ֮¡䣬һ۸߸ߵΧǽ磬ʱץҵֱۡ
һЦ˵ƺСĴ硣ֲһֲ߰ĳһ˵ǽڵĸ߶ȿס
ֲûгͬĬ˸
֣ס˿ָ⣬ָڸֱϲ᲻صĦ˼¡
ɼ˽ȻĶ΢΢һ¡ԵһĨԼɬۣȥ˽ʹ˵ǻ
ﰵʾԼҪעȷϣȥ˽Ļ
ȻԽôԼԺԽǲܿƵ˵|
Ҫ£˵ڶλ
վֲ˵ȥúȵˮ
ֲͷ㵹
ת뿪ͤӺֲſԵӡסڸĶͷһ£˸ıβͣ˸˫ϡ
ҧŸĴ꣬ȵϢ֮ת
ȻڵܲΪ췽ŵСٶֲðĵͬʱ̲סҪúһǰӡ
ֲǸжɣôţҲôˡ
˱ŸĴǣڵӡŸݣŨ۽ѹͫףµӰԵĿȶ䡣
ţֱֲ۱˸ʵļŸϸ͵֫
ϵ¶ȴ˸ϡ
ϵϢҲȾϡ
΢΢򥣬Ӧֲǡ̧֣Ʒֲĺףָûָķ˿֮䣬ЩǿƵĽֲͷԼѹ͡
ͬʱһߣԭȥúˮɣΪͻȻ뵽Լһδ˵Ǳ۷˻
һͤӵʱһ۾Ϳͤڣǵֲ͸졣
ɵĽŲ͵ضסˡ


73 
ǶȵԵ, λܷǳĿ塣˽ϸ޳ûĺڷ
Բϸָⱻīɫķ˿ţ˽ʹһ㣬ܲɷ֡
֪ɵЩ
촽ճһӲֱ, ߸Ǳ, , ҲԾ߬ճȭ
ʵ, Ѿɵһײ˽ˣȻÿһײ, ĳһαһθ
Ŀ䵽ͤеˣ˽ִӴĺ׸£Ȼס˴Ĳ
һҲ, ˿ǰһЩ, ʱ
վԭأоԼĺƱһϸϸһ£ָоһ̿ĺϲµģܣ÷·ơ
ת뿪, ʶȤԶ롣
ȻɵĽŲȴûŲֺ
ָо, һײ˽ڷϺ񡣵һȣһĸܸ̣ӰҲ
һΣĻŵ, , Ҫġ
һ, ɾȻһҪǰֿǶ˵ĳ嶯
ֹ˵ǣֹǼǡ
תľͬʱһ˿΢Ŀ⡣˽֮ĹѾ͸ĳַ
һ˲֮Ʒӿĺˣ˲Ϣ֮ϯ֫ٺ
ǵұ
ɵ񽥽䰵
ôվԭأͤǵĶˡ
ĹδĻҶ߲ɵϣλڹӰĽ˼ֻްĪС
ͤߡ
ֲǸ죬ڿߡ
ʱլԺῴǵֻˡ
Դûʲôν˵ڸԣĴ̼˵ʵġȻװʲôҲ֪
ֲɵĿ̽һǿռͬʱϵҲԽҡ
ֲڽԼȨ
ȻڿߣܵܺúÿԼ˽ǵģҪʶ˽Ĺϵݲ˲㡣
ǣ˸˼£ⳡ̽ϢĽš
ֲ֮ͣǣ챧ڻø콫Լļ
һƽźһ϶µĸŸ㷢ߣбǰ߲ĹӰվµɡ
̧۶ֲߡ
˵Ŀײ
ֲ΢΢ۡ
ɫ䡣
߽һ̣Ϊֵܣ˷硣ʮ׵ľ룬ǹϵ
Щ֮С
Ƭֲ֮ջĿ⡣΢΢ͷڵӿеĸ죬˵һ䣺Ǳߡ
ڷҵǣֲҪͳѾƽ˴صĺɲһ˿ɳơ
˿̣ⷬڸϵ˵ƽ˼ִԡ
̧ͷбǰ

߹ֲ֮ɿ֣ûټŸ졣ֱֲȻջȥˣȴŸ֣š
ֲ̧̧Ƥھһ׿վŵɣ˵ôͻȻδ˵
ɵһ
ֲǺ£
˵ʶһλѣΪУ׼ȥ˵䶨Ѱһ˿ζԴͷص
ֲ΢΢ףá˵ɵݺѾ˭ûжʡ
ɼֲ˻ظת뿪ˡ
һΣһ·ȥãδת۷
ûãֲ͸Ҳȥˡ
ֲ˵š
ɵͷ
ʱŻЩʱ䡣
Ϊ˷ҹ£׼ȥ̽ɱ߼е·ߡ
Ϊֲֻˣ߳լԺʱǲûиȥ
̵ʱ·ߣȻ̷̯λһЩƺ͸㡣
ڻլԺʱ򣬽һŵĸ;ƺûжʲôȥˡ
ɵļԺܺã鷿ܿͽ·߻˳ݣһֲָһָ졣
첢ûнӣǿͼֽ·ߵֲ˵ֲסˣҸ
û˵ĬĬջ˵ݹȥͼֽ
ֲ̧ۣ΢΢˴ǡ
Ȼ仰Ϊá
ɽͼֽޱĽһ֮˷ֽмľͰ

ŵʱ䶨ʱһ̡
˽֮ɫѾȫ
жʱ䶨˺ʱ̣ھ붨õʱ仹һʱҡ
е£ԺֲΪǧϣһûһµĵǧ
ѾһʱˡԵЩΪ磬ȼڸԣƽ˺ܶࡣ
ûʲôıƣûʲôɱɱûʲôر
ƽ̣ᣬҲġǹþˣڸԣЩζ
ڽͻȻɱø˼ֵȤ
뿴ⱳ󾿾ڹװŪþʹĳЩꡣ
뵽⣬΢̧ƤǱ߹һĨǳǳĻȡ
ʱֲߵ˸࣬һǧһʵʲô
νа񡣡䣬쿴ǰĵ棬ĿԼֲĵӰϣ㿴ӰӺǳ
⻰һ˵ǰĳ⡣
ֲһ٣һ˲Ľ
һ룬ǧߵֲǰֲָգζһ䣺ˣǻꣿ
ֲĬ˼룬漴ָڸֱŸ۾ˣҲǻꡣ
Ц֪ģϲʵһ㡣
ֲԣ˸켸ۣ۽΢¶ĳ־һ㣬صҵĻش𲢷ԣһʱˣҲһʱĻ꣬գڵҡ
Цˡ
ֲĴһǣֲ˵㣬Һϲ
ֲֻϲ𣿡
Ҫõʲô̶ȵĻӦҪαˡ
ֲЦˣ֪ˡ
صǧϣȻԵλá
ֲ˳˼ࡣ
ʱ仺š
ʱ̡
˷⣬ʾֲ͸졣
ֲ˴˶һۣҲŷϡ
ȻɵѾ׼ϾŵʱʹӴĿе֪Ƕ䣬Ǵ˿̣ۿ˽ɵģṦϵ֮Ծɷǳȡ
ܸоó˽ṦܺãԶڳϰ
ɵвһĨ˼
ʱֲҲ˷˳ƿֲ΢ҹɫ֮£ӰԵЩİ
ɶֲߣһɲǼ䣬һޱ̵ʶڵĴ磬ѾǰϤĴ硣
뿪Щ꣬Ͼʲô£޴֪
һ㣬ǾǶڲͣ仯ʹ֮価ܻѪԵҲ˶ˡ
ֲѹȥ֮渶ߣţָԼߡ


74 
¹, Ҷ涡
ҹɫ£졢ֲԼˣڽäݵʯǽ, 뿪СլԺ
ֲ, ֲǰͼֽϻ·, ǰ档, λڸĺ󷽵ס
ֲ, ʮĬѡ˰м԰ȫλãø졣
ʵϣԸʵʵҪֲɱм䡣ǼȻ, ȻҲȥ˵ԼҪչ, ƽ׷⡣
ߣûôǿıֻȥǿԼʵǿԸ
Ҫȥ֤ԼΪԱ֮չˣһԱӵʵԼԣûӵ¡
ֲٶ, ߴһӣ͵ҡ
, ɱŮУһҩ̿纮ŮաΪŮǵյһҩ̿纮֮ˣֲȻҲͰ˳ǰ档
ҵλƫƧ, 꾩ǵĽֵԶ˴һƬС, һС, ҵҡ
ҵСԺ⣬ʮš
Ժӵդϡ϶ųİ׳
źüյơ
ȴǰŵģ΢紵֮󣬱㽫ϵĵ洵ú
ڰӡڴϵӰ
ӰСͬŮһҩ̵λǺϡ
ɱŮӵĸס
øһƵĿ
ֲһۡ
ɿڵǿԴӳĲ෽ƽȥ
ֲû˵ԺʮĽڵתĳ˼
Ȼֲ֪ɼȻǰ̽·ǱȻҲҵ˱ܿ·ߡ
Ǽǽȥʱܿ˽ֳ˿ʱƱҲΪ˼Ľ֣ķʱͿܻЩš
ˣֱӰЩŪ÷㡣
ûֲĻشǺֲһ磿
µֲ룬һԵɣ˵ûѽŪΣȻֱӽȥ
ȻԸ˵ŪνٽȥǱܿٽȥʵû
ϾĳֱӴңҲϢЩֺ
ɶһ˲ŪΣץס˸컰еĹؼʣ뵽ԼҴֿһԺʮֲֿʵ׼ҩ𣿡
ֲһ
ԣϵ˵ͷȴԾƫˡ
ŴʲôҲû˵˽Ͳµ˴룬ĬΪ׵ܵܵҲδй
ɵʱЩӡ
ܿ죬ͽݲʱ˵仯ڸˡȻɽŪιȥʱĸȥ
˽һ۾Ϳߵĸ׹ߵǰ߶ţᡭᡭ
⸾רעĿԼŮƣֱֱĿϵ֣޹⣬ͫЩɢ
һ״̬ʹ⸾˲ûзѾˡ
һɥͷϹŰͷ˿ǳңȻû˫Ϊ޵̫ţ۽ϻỨ
쿴һۣ漴Ŀת˶Էעŵơ
Ƶֱ࣬мһ¯
ζ¯ƮɢζһĿС
¯ζ
΢΢򴽣ֲ
ֲҲ˸졣
˵ڿײֲ֮΢΢ףȻ˷Ƶľ̨
Ҳʱ򣬸˲͵ط˸˵Ĵڡ
ȵĵɴ۾㵵ľʲôվҪȥֲֲơ
Ȼ⸾˲ŸովͱסѨλԭ޷
վ⸾˵ǰ΢΢˵ģᶯŮơ
˿ŽüͷǶʲôˣʲôһ˵һ߶ŸϵߣǴߣĪǡ
⸾˵Ļû˵ֱ꣬ȡϵߡ
⧲ĿݣʣµĻ˲Ϳ˺
뱻ճֱסˣ˺ü룬ŷӦ촽⶯˵ǲҩ̴λ
ֲҲȡϵߣӹ⸾˵Ļ˵ҷɡ
⻰˿ֲֿ˿죬һ˵ǲӦñµĽʲô
СԺĽ˵ˣҩ̵ĴܺŮĳϵ
ɨ⸾һۣ˵һ䣺Ůɱ˺ϵ
ԣ˲Ĭˡ
ۿɼĵ
ȷʵŮ޹ءŮԼź£ҹʱذ׸󣬽׼а
ʵǰݲˡ
뵽Ů֮ǰľ״̬˵۽һ£ʹϧֺ¡
ע⵽⸾˵ı仯ֶ⸾˵쿴롣漴ֲ鿴¯ʱ䲻ȵһ䣺ɾаʵڣ
˴ۣҲ֪
Цһ˵ǲ֪Ϊвûش𣿡
䣬֣Ϊһҵ޷΢΢˴ǰķ˿棬ָ⸾˵촦ͣƬ̡
ƫͣҹɫָ͸Եñƽ˷ǿľٶȻָⲻ䴥˵ĲƤʱȴø˸оһ޶˵亮
ЩҶǰӵĿ⣬˺ÿһӸΣյĸо
ţʱѾջ֣תһԵĳľʣֱ
쿴⸾˵˵˵ɣ֪ȫ˵
ˡҲϣƣ˸οڸ˵ǡ
£ӵѨȫ޷ֻʣһ컹ܶҲ޼¡
Ͼôö֮˵µĽסǣ˵ʮѾŪˡ
ڿǺ侲һҲƷǰ޿䡣͸һ˿ζ⾿ζ㷽չ¶һ涼αװ
ⲻҶˣֻΪҪ˼˵ԲǿԼ侲
ţͷʱ˼亹
˵ⷬҲûҪȷϵı仯ǳһ㡣ֻЦЦظһ飺֪Ķ˵
䣬ⲹŮҹɱȫԼҩ̵ǰһҹŮʲôŻȾ纮
ԥиֳĳ
״Ҳ˹Ŀڵ֪Ҽ򣬲ǿƸҩ
ЦţȻƳЩҩ˵滰ʹ
СĵѵǧҪŶҪ˵ѡ
һʱһͷƤ֮УǴ˿̱סѨǻֹסĲ
˿̣ϵγԱȵģһԵֲͣ¯ĶζŸ췽˵Ǿ仰еļ֣ǹһĨĻȡ


75 
Ѱʵ, һֱڰע⸶ɣ˵Ǿ仰֮΢΢һ¡
Ŵ, һֲ
ע⵽ǴǹĻȣ뵽˽˵Ǿ仰еǰ׺, ɵ˫յøˡ
Ȼ, ٵܵӰ졣
⣬ֻΪ˽һ仰
һ룬ֲΪĿʱ, һջߡͬʲôûзһ㣬, ʼϸѰӡ
ƺԼ, òصӰ졣
ڸߡ
ĵĲľ, ޳ķ, һùָ棬һ鵭ȻĿϣλɵĶĸ˿ڡ
ϲҶϸߡ
Ǽ䵭ĮߣӵĿ, һ޴εĸо·Լеαװе˼Էһ
Ҫ룬Ҫѡ
ȴΪ
գŸ, 뵽ӷ赭дġա֮, һ˵ͷҵѨ, Һ˵
̧̧Ƥ, ڸ̸
̽ͣ, ֻǡĻû˵꣬͸Ѩ
˵ɡ
ϵ˵ͷ¹һʼϣʼһ򾭹
ǰ
ϺԼŮɽʱ׷ΪΣգӵһխСɽ
ǸʱҺԭΪԼѾΣգû뵽ɽڣȻǳҵһֻ𡣡˵ʱϵиֳһĨԵȻ;֣Ҳ΢΢һ¡
ȻеͬѰ
Ͼһֻͨ𣬲¶顣
ֻв֮ͬ
ϵͷţֻͱѰʹܶ࣬۾ѪģȷǳͻͺҪѪһ
һ¿ˮڣܵĽҪͷ᲻СĴĳֻأģһʮεĵضܿĹҲоա
ֲ׽ⷬĹؼ֣ض
ϵǵģض
ֲһֿۣ˸һۣȻż˵ǸضʮǰߣҺᶼ޸֮Ůӣ޷ȥ
һ˵һ߻ŵʱľһ˿¡
أַʲô
ԣû̻ش𣬶ǳĬ˺ü룬˵ǽһĹ
ĹνаĹĹüһ˿ȤǹĹʲôģ
ϵǹĹܴܴ󣬱ЩҵסլҪܶܶ࣬ǹһ㡣
ʵǿĹѨ
ҡͷǹĹкöأ᲻óȻǰ
ֲ˵кܶأγĹģ߹ϣҼǵҩգδˡ
ϵҺսȥûãͲСĴһأǻ˲һɫỤ̃ҺŵỤֱ̃˹ȥ
˵⣬ͣһԼŮƣתһĨӡ
ֲ۾΢Уǻȥַ֮ʲô
ϵȻǾһǳȴʵޱȵΡ
Щ죺Σ
ϣţΡǿţκʵ
ɵ֮ʲô
ϵ֮ҺᷢԼѾ˹Ĺ
˼Ƭ̣ʵǵʱĵص㣬žĹжԶ
ϻһ£˵ʮ
ǵ
ϵͷΪǻҺ֮²˼飬صһ¾롣
Ǹʱεʲô
ҡͷҼǲˡ
ʣʲôʱǲģǵʱ֮󣬻ʱ֮󣿡
ûлشŴ˼ʲô
ɼ״һ䣺Ҫ˵ѡ
ԣ̧һۣ漴ְĿת˸죺ʱ֮󡣡
˵ţָԼĶͷӹĹ֮ʱͻһԼѾѾĸо
һͻȻǵԼʲôʧȥһСμһ㡣λ䣬䲻ʲôʱһ֣·հ׵һʱ֮²ԼģԴһˡ
һ˵֮ԼǿʼЩ͵̫Ѩ
վߵǰ
ϿŸ죬˵Ҳû˵ѡ
϶µĸϣµĺ£еһ
仰˲һЩ㵵վң£
ü
̾ʲô£ôܻ´¡˵ţ͵صͷץԼһ
ɫ۵ºɫһףʲôһ˵ϡ
ҡͷ϶߶ţܡܻҲᡭġ
ϵૣֱʣ˵𣿡
ϵ˵ͷɫЩȻ
ֲ˹վڸߣһ䣺һʼΪ˿ʱֵģ
һֲ϶Ļش
ֲ⡣
Ǹʱע⵽ɵĿϵ촦ͣƬ̣Ⲣ
˽ȻǸʱ򣬾Լĺ±߽ǣȻѸжϳϵĲԾ
˽ӽϵĲ٣ȻȴŮһﴩź¼Ů̫ìˣԴɵ㡣
ϵⷬ˵еΪĳأݵĿ˼άеǾָ״̬һӵж˼άĸ塣
ǰӰ죬ΪҲΪҩ
ںߣҷѳġֲ״̬λҽʱ
˼ˣֲϡϷ˵һ뵽Լ֮ŮŵζʵŮǴӹĹӴĳζ
֮ƺôʻ壬ֲָĿڵ˵ŮӹĹ߹ʲô
϶һ£ϸʱȷʵһ
ֲʵǺ
ϵһƴСͭ
ͭϿζ
ϵͷУһҩζ
ֲ͸컥һۣʵͭ
ԥˣ˫ָţλش
ҲĵĵϿڡ
ʮ֮ϲ˵ǸͭĲʺͭܲͬҾͭܲҪӵȴ֪Ϊʲôͭĥ˷ĩ״һװ˴
ֲû˵뵽ǻϵ˵»ϡ
ǻϾͭĥɵķĩ
ֲ˼ţվһüͷ΢΢һ壬˵Ůöͭĥ˷ĩ״һԼ
ϵᡣ
ֲָָ¯ǻ΢ͭĩ
ϵͷ


76 
ǸɽĴλÿɻǵã
⻰һ˵, ϵͷֲɾһ١
ֲ죺ȥǸĹ
΢΢ףҴվȥһЦϾеʣȥȻܽ⿪
ֲû˵, ˼ʲô
üΣաǹĹδ֪Ҳ˵аǷĹʲôϵ, ͵ֻǹĹпܴеĸֻذ, ѾʮĪˡ
иͿܵв
˽ɲ޳ɰȥĹʱ䶨աʱ̫, ִ̫٣׼ò, Σա
ûΣ, ȻȤ
һ, üͷʱøˡ˽赭дĻ, ôһ˲öԷڶϷ
˽ĵģ촽⶯˵ʲôֲһ䣺ʲôʱҺ׼
ɿֲ, ƺЩû뵽ɴ˽㡭
ֲ˰֣˵ֻҪ飬Ҷûκ顣
ɳĬˡ
룬˵Һһ𡣡
ֲ͸ͬʱ, ֲ㲻ˡ
ҡͷҲܿȥð, ʲôҲǴ磬˽, ϣǳ¡
ֲߵɵǰ, ǰüмƵ׵ܵ, ͳ͸һƽȻɣ뱧ֽʶһȺ־ͬϵѣǱȥ£ظǷա
ٴҡͷᶨҪͬһȥ
⻰˵꣬һʹҲϡ
һʲôˣ
ֲ˲һݣֱץԱߵСľ飬Ĵⷽȥ
ֻ顱һСľײľһ졣
һ룬һӰӴⷭ˽
վ֮ϲڵĻҳ
ɵͫ΢ţϳߣǡ
ֽعɵĻЦӯӯĿ죺ʦĺͽܡ
ô
ֲĻصҲµʦҹ̽ϼңȻˡ
ֲĿ֣޹أֲ͸һ˿棺¡
ɿһֲ漴ֿһͻȻְֵ֣Ŀת˸죬ܿԼ֮΢Χ
ظһֲĻ¡
һûɡĿһֱڸݣһ˶һ𣿡
û˵ֻ˼Ķֿš
֪յľȨҲֲӵϡ
˽ԾܾԼֽ˵ұϾҲͽܣʦģܵԼͽܰɡ
Ȥʵ㲻
ֻص÷ǳɴࣺ£ҵȻ¡ͻȻһתҸԼֱҸ㲻¡
üԣҵʱҪ㣿
ûش⣬˵һ䣺㱣ңȥȥ޹ءֿ¡
һڸһΣҪ˽ǰӡ
ֶԼֱţΪΪֱֹûһǴġʱ׼ԼڻɣԽǷӵĳ˹ӵеֱֳС
첢ִ֪˿룬ֻܴӶԷԷҪľġ
ȷҪ
Ȼֻص
ֲüͷ΢΢һ塣
Ҳͬüͷ
[С죬Ҫһ]
[š]ϵͳ
ȻҲҪţٸһҲǸҲǸԸԣûʲô̫
ǰ죬ɣֲͬһ֮ӡȻ֮ӣôһͷΣ˾Ͳ׳¡
ΪʱչֵߣǰʱһҪԵ֮ˣҲܳɫ
ˮȼ磬첻ҪԶΪֲڶɵĹϣ̬⡣
ܹøжȣȻá
Բٷ֮ٵĺøжȣҲûʲôν
ΣɺҪһȥĹڸ˵ҲʧΪһԵĻᡣ
Ͼܽɺ쳹׹ģȻõġ
գͷͬˡ
ֲȻЩã׻ԸҲδκ顣
ȻҪȥǹĹ
ֲͬһ£ټ
ҷֱ
ֲһСլԺɻԼס˳ͬʶǼѵҲͬԼסȻҹģֵµȥɨĹѨˮصᣬʱŵģص֪ʶ
ʮִټвܳƵϹĿı죬ԼʱܸϣѧҲǳ졣
ʱһ̣Ϣա
ʱһ̣Ǹ춨õĳʱ䡣
ϵĵص㣬ǾһԶ֡

ڶա
ֲǰԼص㡣
ûӣҲˡ
ǳɵģպֲһһĺɫװپص
˵ĸ£üҲмֶͷһ򵥷ĸβԴӺĿʽЩ𣬺ֵֿܽ
ɿһֲһװ磬΢΢һ£˫΢ʵϣҲû뵽ԼһʹĴŴơ
ֲ΢ɲһüͷ
ע⵽ֲϸ΢仯ͣȴ־ʱ˵ʲôԵ÷ǳ⡣ɴͳĬ
쿴һɣֿһֲһ˵ֵ֮Ĭ
˵ֻɺ϶ѡ
ԣЦһ´һɣ㵽ҲռŽ͡
ɳĬˡ
ֲüͷһ£ǷĿϸǸֳһĨȻ
Ȼ˿̵Ǻܺá
ɸоֲ仯ĬĬֲһۡȻʱҲʶˣԼ˵仰粻˵
ֵܵգԽԽ΢ʱֵĳִݳš
ߣ׼Ҷ׼ˡ˵ţȻ˵Լİ
쿴еİ
״ǳεģɫΪɫҲ֪װʲô
˸ɻ˵Ƿˮ̡¿ӡѹʬǮ䣬ԼһЩŴ׺ľ
Ķһг
ЩȣȷԼȥĹ
бһۣҪĹҴЩȻô
Цһ£ʵЩɶã
ֵͷȻ忡ü۸һĨЦŴĹ͸ȻرͨǾڹؼʱæ
˵⻰ֿ֮˿ܣأţֵдµ˵أ
ֲ֣ô֪дµˣ
ֵһ֪һģӦǴµϡ
ϾҪϴ·Ǳ߱ȻҪһֲ²⣬˽ֲӦǽ֪ϡ
ʵҲȷʵֲ²ǰ㡣
ֲ֪ͨġ
дµ˸һ𣬶һ˹Ĺ֮Уڱס


77 
ʱһ, Ϊа¼Ĵ䣬ϴŶʮӢ׼ʱԼص㡣
ʱ, ǿ˸졣ڸΪĿ֮, ΢΢ףǴһк
ţֲֵֿܡ
˵Ŀڿײһ𣬿ƽɫ£ںŸ˼
֮, һֲֵܶһ˵ĸо
ֲ֮΢Χ, Ŀ˸, ĵһ˿ζ
ʱ, ϴⳡ񽻷, ת˿ֵ֡
ҲûпϷץľ, Ǵֱֵ, ΢΢һĨǡôĻȡ
ϰһߴֵƿȻŵİͣ˼, Ҫͨⲿµ״жϳĶ
ֲⰵӵ, ҲûиϽ͵Ĵ㣬վһԵĸ죬ʵʱˣڳ
΢΢ףš
֮һϵĴ·, ɽķȥ
꾭Ƭɽ·, ɽ··ߵļ, ͨȣӵ̡
ϵĴ·£һ˳Ž·һʱңĿĵء
վڶǰ棬ָ̧ǰһϻͷԸ˵ɽھ󣬱Ӳݶסġ
ԣ̧Ų׼ǰȻһȴֲסˡֲס˸ЩŸ졣
ͷֲ
ֲһ¡˵仰ֲ֮̿ϡ
Ͻյֲüû˵ʲôֶ̧Լһǰơ
⸱һϵӣΪ𡣸Ӹߴο࣬һ״Ϊݡ
˿̣˫ֺȭȻԵ˵ȥǰ濴
ͬʱǰѸƹϻ֮󣬶סڵӲݡ
ʵΣ
һ˻صȷһڡ
ش𣬳Ŀתϣᡣ
ʱ·ŲŲѸ˵ϵߣһֺֽõ˵ҲˣȻѾûҵˣҿ˰ɣ
û˵΢˫ڵֳͫ︡һĨ˼
ϼ״ֽ˵ˣҲٽǸѨˣǸѨһж˵ֱһجΣ
˵جֵʱϵ۾һ˿ֺȻ£Ǻޱȡ
Ҫ·ɽٿ˵ٴνΣյɽ
ôţֺһˣ
ɳĬ
Լ˼ͼƻ
˷ϵĿ־岢٣Ҳֲ֮ͨˡ
ǵǽɽܻΣգȨһףͬϵ뿪ֳһϰȫͻȥ
뿪ûӣŶѨӲݾͱˡ
ûӲݵڵڵ״Ҳȫ¶˳ⶴڴһ׶ߣҪ߽ȥ
Ѩƺûһ⣬泯ŶѨڲȥֻܿѹѹһƬ
ѯʵˣڽȥ
ϵͷ
õϵ⣬ŻѵĽ˵Ƚȥ̽·
̽·ĸȥ֮һͬ˽ȥ
ֲǽ
ԭҲͬ첢һ𣬲ⶴڵĿֻͬʱˡһֲǰ˽ϵͽܣǲЩʸ
ֻ˶εģͬһ˸ֲĺ档

ϵĵ棬ԭɽ˹ʱ򣬶ֲָ
ɽ󣬽ϵĻ洵úû·ǰС
һţһϸ۲ⶴѨʯڡ뵽ҹⶴѨ̧ͷͷϷ˵ɽѪǶϡ
˵Сġ
ɽ¶¶˺ܶ࣬رԽߣ¶ȾԽͣһǽ˱ĸо
ֲСʸ죺𣿡
һ䣺á
Ȼô˵ˣֲȴס˸죬ůĽΰס
ɿǰֲ͸ǣ֣촽Ծֱˡ
ֱҲмɬǵɵ֮󣬺Ȼ;Լؿںôˡ
ֶʱһַǳ΢ɡ
аĿ֡
£
΢΢񴫴˼
ȴʲôҲû˵ֻһɵļ΢ˡ
ü
ʼ硣
ɵջĿ⣬ӡ
ȻΪδ˽ǣ֡
ֲĶҲƶϳˣڿ˽Ǿٶ飬ֲܺãյøˡ
쿴ֲһۡ
ֲĴ΢ü֮תһĨ͡
һ˰ǰţѨֻнŲƶʱǰһͷѵǰ·խˣҪ
ȻĻû˵꣬ǰĵͻȻݣ˲Ϣ֮䣬˾ֱֱ׹䣺
ûüӦ͵صȥҲûʯµ
ϵı˲ע⣡һ˵ţһһĻѣŲѸǰ·Ǻһ޼ʵԨȥ˺ü֡
ܿ죬·ʹĻӦû¡΢ЩӦͻȻ׹ˤ
ȷǰȫ֮ϵ΢һЩ
ص
ԣֲһۡ
Ǵʮߣ·Ľȴ˵ʮߡ
û˵ѣҲ˵ѡ
ôֻ˵⴦ɽڲ죬ܻ
Ͽ𣺡ȥȽ
ӷȥ֮϶˵ϵĻû˵꣬ɽͻȻʼ𶯣ţһڵǰ
˲ͬʱ
ӦĽ
ַɽʯڣһһ߿ǰķ򣺡Ѫ𣿡
ֵĻ䣬ɽٿؿʼƶĳԹһ㡣
ֲıҲ˲һǰֿһۺ󷽡
ʲôҪˡ
ֲ۾΢΢һС
һ˲
¡¡
¡¡¡
һָ˲ڸĽ
ͫɪʯǽ£
ָǰǿֻǰʯǽѸٳǼѹ
ĽҲ˵ֻǰ棬ҲУ
촽գԺпٷĿǰľƣٶȣǺܿͻᱻϿ£ʯǽѹˣ硭
ȥʮ侲˵
Ͽ˸һۣԣȥԽ˵ڣ죡
ЩѵصľӢ˵仰֮ǾѸóʲԣٶȽ·䡣


78 
һ䵽֮, ϵʯǽҲײһü˿Ϸ졣
һΣˣ׷̧ͷϷ, ص·ʯͷס, ֻܴ·
ڽеĻѲûϨ𣬿鿴Χ
ԼһöеĻѣɷң
ϸĿ, һ˲, գգ۾, ȻûӦڶԼ˵
ֱ׼ظڶʱ, ͵ػ, ǺһӢ, ÿһֻץץԼͷ, Щ˼Ļصɡԡ
һ֮󣬳еĻѵݸ˸졣
ӹѣӵıԵ, ʯϹ۲
һ΢΢ḧ˸ؿ, ƽԼӷһ˲˵ʱĪӿ
ķɣǳúÿ
ţͻȻомԼ
͵һʶʲôһ, ̧ͷһ, ⼸ĿֱĵܵܡԼԳλƯͽܵ칫, ǵĴˣ
ˣ
һ١
ԴΪʲôҲҪ
ǰˣһ˵ùȥǴô£
ĪǾЩ㶣Ȼ·ûΪһϸеרע;裿
գգ۽ޣգգ۽ޡԼҵԭӭϵߣ˲佫ͦøֱˡ
ϣ
ûסЦһ
Щû뵽⸱Ӣ䣬ȻЩȻԸ
Ƴһۡ
ֲջ䵽ϵߣߵߣͬһ۲ʯڡ
ɼ״ҲŲŲֲ
϶Խ˵۲ܣҳ·
⻰һԳͷĽ׷׿ʼж
֣ǲŲæĴӰó׼õķˮ̡
ʱ򣬾͸÷ˮȷλ̽⼪ףݷˮĴָҳһ·
Ϊ󻯵ЧʡĹѨпܻΣաˡʮˮ
Ϊʱֻʱţѧϰ츳ͽĿıʱҲѧ˸ߡ
÷ˮ̣ʵġ
װԡˮλ
ϵĴתȦֵ֮ͣб෽
ֵ˼תݴָ򣬽ŷˮѧѸٷŷλ
ָŷߡ
ԵĽ˿ˮ̣˳ָȥЩɵʵõ׼׼
𲻿װɡһҲ˵
ǰǽû·ߣ
û·ǽ˱ˡ
ϵǽ飬ܻ̮ķա
̧̧Ƥ˵ţͶȻ
üһϲң
췴ʣΪβţ
Ϊѡ֮ӣȻһı¡Ȼһദʱ䲢Ǻܶ࣬ǶԷȷʵǷǳһ㣬ӹɡ
ִ΢أֲ
ֲɫ䵭˵Ҽҷ㣬Ҳ㡣
ֿɡ
ɵ㣬Ȼ㡣
ˣϡ
û˵Ĭ
ߵʯߣӲʯڣ򡭡
Ļû˵꣬ɾѾ֣һȭǰʯڡ
ֻ¡һűʯѵ졣
̶ʱ䣬ʯǽͱ򴩡
ǰһĻЩȵĵɴ۾ͽ֣ĿתվԼɡ
󣬻ص󡣡
ԣɵҲͻȻϾҲͺܴ󣬵Ҳ˶Եġ
ǰѾǵͿԸݵˡ
ڲ£ѾԶԶ˵ٽ緶Χ˰ɣ
ôţҲɵƶɵϡ
ӵļǹֿŵ֣ҲЩһ׳˶ȴû뵽Ȼͽִʯǽ
Ǵ¶һ֣ӻ㱾¡
ز¶
ɵʱˡʼ˼ţˣΪɴǲҲŷǱѰı죿
֮⣬ķɣǲҲ޿󼰵ʵ
˼ת䣬Ҳ༸ֺڴ
𲢲ϰԼԸ
ԸֱûƵ˼ôģϡ
Ҫ֪̽롣
΢΢üȻĺ˳һ
ջߣעתصɴͨʯǽ
濴˿һ׸ߵ֮ͭ󣬷ǳϲĻͷһͭţ˵ǰ㣬
˵ţֲߣͻȻбǰһ΢⡣
һ״ֵɫΣƶ
ܿ죬ҲڰƮɵ⣺⡭
״еһֻ񡣡
ȷʵԽԽһֻ񡣡
ɫƯ
ڳ߷
ɫࣺҪɾ衣
⻰˵꣬˵Ͻܣⲻ񣬶ǻư档
Щľư棿
˵ư棬һʬڵףĹɵĹֳ棬ֳɢɫĹΣһմȾ˵ϣͻὫ˲ȼճɻҽ
ûסʵưʲô
ֻصһ˵壬ܽճɻҽĳ棡
䣬ֽŲһ䣺ֻưǳȺӵģ
⻰һҲʶԡ
ʱưѾԽԽֻưӿһƬͷƤɫΡЩβͣţĻưɣƺƵĳ߷
ϵͫɪܣ
˳Ŵͨͨȥ
ǰ棬ͭǰѰͭŵĻء
λڶ󣬻ͷһ׷Ļư棬˼
ֲʲô֣
΢΢ҡͷȷ
ֲԣҲûٶʡֻʯһ֮󣬳ѾֻԶĻư棬һŰɫĩ
ĩ䵽ưϣưβķɫ˲Ϩ𣬽ţư涯һ׹䵽£һҲˡ
Щȣȥİɫĩʲô
ֲصһ񾭵ҩۣڴ֮ǰҲȷưǷá
ֲ⻰ԣȷʵǱһһԵ̬ȣԻưûãڽ㲻
ư̫࣬ҩۣ϶ǲġ֮ҵǵŵķȻŵĺ棬ư⡣
ֲţѾ̵ʱҵ˻ءշˮϵĴһȦʾѸת˻ء
ܿ죬صͭŴ໺򿪡
ɲǼ䣬һķź
ֱ֣¶ĲƤϣʱԵϸС
뵽Ļư棬ֲδԥʮֹϵ˽šˣҲͬˡ
գоյģƽͭź󣬱ܿ˳Ⱥ׷Ļư档

Ȼ˻ûüһͱͭźľõɴۡ


79 
ǵǰλ, Ȼһʮ׸ߵĹ
ŵģͬˣ˫, ǰ̯ġֱһиӵĺɫϸߣתͬѪܵ·
ϴŹϵͼߣֻ¶һ˫ն۾
Щ, ˾ȵԭ
Ǹе𾪵ģŵļʮλ
һʮһʮ
һʮơ
ָǰһ, ûĻдǡϣ
ϳ, ˫ڵڻ谵Ĺ£ԵĪ䡣Ȼϵ, üĽ, ˼ǰЩ澿ʲô
ָֽһƣȻɣ
ɵɫҲͬ
Ͼ˭Լ, д֮˲Żе, 鶼൱⡣
ֵг𡭡
üͷһ, һŭ˵⾿ʲôѽ
, Եһ˵Ҳ濴Լ֡
Ļһ˵ڣҲ˵ͬĻЩҡ
Ͼ, ѵĽ, а˵Ӱ, ڹĹȻԼֵ, ܻᱣ侲
ǲ¹ƶ˵ķ, ׼ķͽ, ΪЩ˶ܿõ˵ŵĴڣ޷ۿĻħ
ôһһЩĶͷ϶ʱһ亹ǵʼӿ죬ŽҲ߬øˡ
ûʱɵΪЩʵֻΪĶ硣ϾǶ磬˭Ǹ£˶̵ʱǵֿȥҷֺ
Ϊ׼ġ
ԼֱдϵĸоǼһ㡣
һδ֪Ŀ־ǵͷʶš
ʱͻȻҡͷԾ
ԣ֣һ㣬һ䣺ôԾ
ֶϸĿ⣺ԡ˵һֻжʮƣǡֻһתжʮˡ
˵ţ˼Ŀһֲ漴ְתصϣ˵ûбϡ
ͷôһ˵ȷʵǣ
΢Ŀֲ֡תû˵ġ
ΪʲôᵥֻûУ
ĳ˼С
һԵҲͬǳ죬е˼תĿͬڸƶͼѰҳһͬ㣬Դ˵ֲϵԭ
˿̣ߴֲ֣Ҳ˼е
쿴һֲֿһ죬ְĿתɡ
ѡ֮ӵԵʣôֵƣҲӦǺֲһġǶʮɵһôȻѡ֮ӵԭ
ȻǣǾͿһԭˡ
뵽һܡ
ǴʱչĹߣȻ˽Ϊڵý飬Ǵϸ˵ʵ
ֲ
ֲΪѾһ֮ĴڡȻҲܺһڸ쿴һӵϱӼֲ֮£Ӧһһ硣
һ졣
쿴ԭԸͬӡ֮ǰദʱ򣬸ͶٿĲͬĲ²ȷĻô˵꣬ӦҲ硣
ʲô£һ˵Żǲġ
Ҫôֲ
Ҫôƣ겻磬Ǵ紩Խġ
ȻһԱȣӦںߡ
ôţ첻࿴һۡ
ֲߣ̧ϸζĿ֮Щڵ΢΢һ¡
ͬʱҲһֺԼܣȫƵĸо
ֲһֿ֣һ۸졣
ĳֲ²⡣ֲ²̫ףҲ̫ûиָ֤²֮ǰֲǽĬĬ
ϾЩ£ʺ
ֲͬ뷨ģ֡
Ϊ֪ˮ䰾飬Ǵ紩Խ֣Ĳ²Ӿ壬Ҳһ
Լԭ졣
Ϥ˽ֲҲǾԸ衣
£ֻҪ󵨵룬ԵɣʵѲ²⡣
ЧӦƽĿԣ޷ǾǴԽֿܡ
˽ֲһ֣ڻ޷ж
ôţֲֿ
ǡǣֲҲڿ
˵Ŀڿײһ漴ʮĬģͬʱ˸졣
춥ֲߣɫδʲô仯ֻ΢΢̧̧ƤŴӹȻ¶ġĵ
µֵز
ΣյĹĹ
Ҳ侲ģŶƽȻ
ֲ뵽һ仰еĿ־Դڻ㡣
һ㹻ǿʱκվʱ򣬶
壬˽ˡ
뵽⣬ԭΪĹΣջ¶ĽҲ˲ɢȥ˲١
תõȣɵԽԽͳ
üͷԽԽ߱ԽԽ̡ɲ֪˽Լ֮䣬״źֹͨ㡣˿ֻ̣Լʮַ꣬ؿҲƵ
˽Ƿޣ˽֮ķΧųҲͰˡڣȻֶһ졣
ôһˣ˽ʹڽĳ΢ķΧȴֻһʲô֪Թߡ
޷⡣
ˡ
Ҳʱ۾ͻȻһ£ųһ֡
ȷһĻһ۾ˣЩóҧ֣Ŭſ˷ĵ׵Ŀ־壺񡭡˺⡭
⻰һ׼۾һ˵𿴣
⻰˵꣬ǸͻȻʹİһȻԴڵʹĴ
һʱһϽǰ֡
ҲǰȻֱ
϶鿴ô£
Ӧ˻þ
þɫһΪ۾
š
Ϊλ֪
µġ
ԣ̧죬ڵֱͫŸӡ
϶µĿϣţ
û˵
Ƭ̺Żһ֣š䣬ջߣʾûٶʸһ֣ƺش㣬ˡ
ĵ׾ʲô޴ӵ֪Ҳû̽Ȥ
˿̣øȤģһƬĹ
ԭΪ粻ħû졣ȻڿܲЩҲһЩˮѧͳ󡢻
Щ޷ó͡
˼ת䣬΢תһһʯͷ̳ɵ


80 
ֲ·, һöɳγɳΰָ
߽֮󣬹۲Ÿָ
ָϻŸӵ·ӡŵͬϵĲ, ʹõԡ
ӹЩɬѱ壬˼Щӵ·ͼϡ
ֲ˹ߵԱߣʵǷʲô
һ, صָƺһء
أ
֮˲˾һ˵, һߵ˸һࡣ
Ϊûҵһʵɣһ, һ٣ֻܿһһվ˽ࡣ
Լһڲȥˡ
ɴ, Ũ۽סͫ, ס˺ڰ׷һĻɬ
һԹ, ˼ĿһۡĴ, һ˲, ·ɵϿһԼĺ
źֵ̫, Ҳɢ̫졣
ݼţ˺Ѳ
Ǿɵĸ
ϲö֪
£Ļ˽ߵ
Ͻߴתص˽ϡ
ԭ˽ʲô, ǻ, ڿֲǽ˽ֱ۵֮, ͻȻͲ뿪, ĵһԳƵȤ
Ҳʱ, ҳ˻صʽһ, Ȼ֪ˣ
쿴˵˵
ָŰָĳһ
ԣ⡣ϾΪѡ֮ӵ죬ȷʵתúܿ졣
óЯذף÷ذж׼ָλһ̿׼ݡ
һ룬εİָ˲ѣڵϣһ˵ԲĴһɫԲΰť滬
ֲһԲΰťֿһ۸죺ȥ
ͷ
ֲ״Ҳԥİȥ
Ҳֲťȥ˲䣬𶯣ֻգ֮䣬޴ͿʼתȦתȦ
¡¡
һƵ֮ͣƽ˼ףԭλϣ¶һ°ʯš
ȵĿһĻֻԴǽɽ֣֮ˢ֪
ǰⳤͿʮߵʯţ𲻽ʵָô򿪣
⻰˵꣬ʯžͻƶԶˡ
״ˡɴ۾ָŻ򿪵ʯţ⡭⡭˸죬Ҳû˵һĻ
ûľȣֲͬһ˽ȥ
ֺɽ
Ͽһ۳˵ȥɡ˵ţҲŲŲ˽ȥ
Żսʾ󣬸ϵĺ档
һɣûĻԵøİ
ȫ棬ѵĹҲں档ԭһǰ棬ȴֹˡ
áƽ侲˵֡
ϴЩȻǷ֮Ҳ㹻ϾӢ֣ԴǿԼֵ֮󣬾״̬Ͳôá
֮УŻ㱡
ǰ沢ʡ
ΪͿ־ʲôأǴΣ֮С
ˣںס
ֲ׸˼ȻĸİȫԼķɲҪСĺǻߡ
ĹжϵԭʵΪ˱֤˽İȫԷⷢʱ򣬿Щ汳Ǵ˿ֻ̣Ҫ˽ľκѡ֧֡
ֲһùһѣΪǰе
ܳһ£Ǵһӵʱ䣬ߵͷ
;УȻ˻أգ˻оյıܿˣûг
ҲΪһ·δʵϵΣա
ǵת˲٣ٲһʼǰ㾫㱡
쿴һϣĿЩı䡣Էʼյıֶ򶨣ûоʧ룬ΣʱҲ㹻侲
оǲ֮ͬǰԼʱ䵭Ŀ⣬ϵ΢һϲʶһ¡
ֲۣͶһ漴Ĺעϵأ˵ǰ·ң
û˵ǿ֡
ֿеķˮ̣ĴָҵóĴҶɡ
ָյĽһ
ֵͷԡǹ̡յĽš
ֲǾͷֳ·أʸ졣
ԡ
Ļ䣬һֱĬɾͻȻ˵磬Ҹһ𡣡Ϊʲôõ֣ΪɺǾԲܺ˽ֿġ
ּ״Ҳ̱̬ȣԥ˵Ҳһ·
ֲû˵ɨɺֵϣһֻɬѹȸк;档
ֲֶߣû¶˿⡣΢΢˹üϴĳַĶ
ΪͽܣҸԼʦƺûκβס
ֲû˵ֻǰۣĬĿ֣˼ʲô
һԵ˵ͬµĽһ·İȫܸƽ⡣˵ʮֿ͹ۣƺֻǵĸµĴ
ЦһƳһۡ촽⶯׼ǰϿҶֿ˵Сֵܣһ·ɡ
ֵ۾תһ˿ԵΣһ˫ɫͫģôעֱ֣ס
ֶһ£ҪܾڳЭˡ
һ˷ֳӣһһ·
죬Լֲֵһ·ͬϴĽұһ·
ֲ˵ɡ
˵ţɫĿһۡ
ʵϣֲʼãʵԼ˽һ·ûдɸһ
ǻΪ˼⣬ڻһѾһ˵ǷŴµһ
ҲΪˣ˵ǻ֮Ҳʧ˿ڵʱ뵽⣬ֲֲźۼƳһۡ
ɱǼ֮ˣȻо˴ͶԼϵߡ˿ֻ̣װûвһ㣬ĬĬ˸һࡣ
·ͬʱ
ߣм䣬ֲɷֱࡣ
һߵ֣ͷһ۸Ǳߣ˰
·
ߵ·ռխֻ˲š
ֲڸֱߣһĻѣһֻ΢΢ŸĺôΪ¸ˤſţֻΪռ
ֱߣȻ˴˽ϵֻ֡ǴȨҲĸҪԽ硣
ǰ
˵һ죬ϲϴķϵɩɩɾԻ⵱һЦ
Ȼ˿̣ǰʱֱ۲䴥ֱ֮ʱĵ׵Ƿصļ¶ͻϲȴֱֱװ׵ĸȷʵ˽ȥ
ݽһβ׵İС
֪İǿɳܵģǻᱻġ
֪֪ȴ޷е
ûгԹԶ룬Թܿ
ȻĽԶ׼
ԽӱܣԽоԽ̡
ѹĵףΪ겻ա
ȴ˽׽ʱѹֵо˲ɾ
ڴ˿̣Ǳֳ롣
һǲٿأһ뱻Ӱ졣
ǰ̤߱һܱеס
׷󲻸þСС밮ı룬ǹɵأǺһȺͬ־Ӣۺܽⳡʧ
ȴڶ˵ǻССͻʲô£ʲôɩޣ׷ģŲŲᵽͽź
ɵĵ׽֯ӿԺ˼ʼǣҲ谵ܵ۳һźɫ
ͣ
Ҳֲͣ½ŲҲͣôˣʵ
쿴ɡ
ֲҲ˳ŸߣԼĵܵܡ
ʱϵźɫѾɢǴӲֹһ㡣
ɶ˶۽ޣ̧ۿ˿죬ֿ˿ֲƺЩԡ
̧һԼԴɻʵôͻȻңʲô
ҡͷûʲô˵ţջߣǰߡ
ֲ΢΢ü
ܸоЩԾ
ɿ˺ü룬ҲûʲôȻµ߳ͨҲֻջĿ⣬Ÿǰ
ֲ͸һɣڻ谵Ĺۡʱû˭ע⵽Ĵ΢΢һ£ԭڵͫһĨһ
ͨȷŵĽݰҪҲΪںԽߣͨĿռԽխ
Ȼˣɺֲǲڸࡣ
ֲеĻѣȼĵԽԽ죬ĹҲԽԽ
žͨֻиֵܵĽŲǳǳ͵͵ĺ
ţͻȻоԼֱʲô᲻صĹһ¡
ָ
ȴûг˸е¶ȡ
ǺһԵ⡣
ţֱһαָһ¡һΣһǰ㣬᲻أǴĳ||繸еģֱĦͣƬ̡
ü
ߵˣɡ
ָˣɡ
΢΢̧бһۡ
ɲûΪһ۶ʼĿǰûвĿһ㡣
ɵĲǷͦü̷ʱΪֵܣֲüм΢ơ
ȻӲֲûһ˿ɵĽëʱͶӰࡣ
ֲĽëŨܣҲڣͬһܱյĻߣֻǾһ˵ʱ۾ͻһĪС
˿̣ɲıûпʲôԷֳ״̬ʲôûзһ㡣
ȷﲢڵĸˣҲûƮĻǣΪа֡
ָˣĵȷȷɡ

˷žʹϲ仯ĻԻǵ۾һЩ²⡣
[С죬ѲǱˣ]
[ǡ]ã֮Ի|ľٶ˵Ǳˣ˵еΪĳضŴˣ˵ʶһ֣ǡ
[ôŪ]
[š]
ǰԭ״ԾƶΪ
ϵͳĻش֮ҲٳĴڸʶ
ʱͻȻϵͳ˵һ[һһõ㡣]
[]
ϵͳһ㶣Ҫ׷ʣȴѾעתصʵУȻûҪ˵˼
ߣɵֶ˶һΣָڸֱͣ˺ü룬漴ϣҪ̽ŸƤһ·ϡ
ɵͼҪܿȴһס֡
ĽְסˣűƽŸϸֱҪסһ㡣
ʱֲֻȦŸ֫ķڸϡһһ߽΢Ĺ棬۲ͨǽϵıڻ֪ڸһġԾĵܵܣεɵ֡
ʶϵͳЩˡ
Ȼɵʲôֻ໺¡ţܸһ㣬ܿ|Ļ档
ɣҲûϵͳʧ
ڽס֮ɽƸΪָۣͬ˵ĺ棬Ĵ˽ָǰ㡣
ЩʱĴǺһĨǳЦ۵תһĨɺ졣ֱŴ˽׽ǣ֣٣һֱ°֮٣ĵһУһִӱ|顣
顭
ɺԼ
Լĺص
Ȼ֮䣬սһֻذ覵֡
һ̣ɵԺӵ˼
·Լɡ
ַ·Լ˼άѾ֪ĶϮռ죬һһ㣬ĳԼԼԼһֱȴֲ顣
Ҫֹȴ˿ڡ

Ҳ˿ڡ
ԼǱʶģѡ˷Ρ
ţ


81 
µ, Ѿ޷ƭԼ˽޸顣
ĵļ¶ӿ޲ٸϵɩɩ, Ҳһָڱϲ, һ֣ﵽġҪӵ˵İ
ɴû˿㣬ʱһ㡢һ㡣
ޱ֪Լ˽ָ۵ǣʵ͵ġ
һɳܵıߡ
һˡ
Ȼȴֻ֣谵ͨ, Լֳ, ׽ֳķɡ
Ҳɵ˼ԽŸӵʱ, һֳֳ࣬ʲôûв, רעĿͨϿŵıڻ, ͳƽ䣺滭һ¡
ֲ۲Щڻ, ׵óۡ
ֲ⻰, ʱڻʲô£Լһ, Ϊֿ|ƶɳƵͻᱩ|¶ʲô
仰Ǹʵģʲô£
ɤ, ҹɫµɽ촵硣
ûܵκӰ졣
˵ʧʲô
Եӱֵ̫, һ, Է֮ûٳ, ѡԼ, Ϊвһ㺣ԼΪӶԣûʲôν
Ϊ⡣
뵽ԭǷݵػϲ˲ɢȥˣҲ·𱻵ͷһ
Ǳһһ㣬ɿ֣ɫȴͬʱͫѻɺ죬ȴҲԽԽԡ
ʱа㣬ͷһۡ
ֲ̾ע⡣
ֲеʸ죺ôˣ
˵ţ߱˳Ÿ߿һɡ
΢΢סβµӰҲסͫɺ졣
һ۾ôɿ룬ջĿ⣬תֲһ䣺ûʲô
䣬ֽظһ鷽ŵĻֲ˵˵ӱڻϿĹ¡
ֲɫ΢ۣɫһ֮󣬲Ը˱ڻϵݣһϲѪΪʳа׼ǺĹ¡
һЩ棬ߵֲߣֲһͬͨϿ̳ڻȤ˵ţĹѨ˵Ĺ£
ֲ˾Ųʮ
ζЦһ̲һ䣺ַƾ׼ߺͱɲ̫С
һ仰˵֮󣬿ƺһɲǼͣɵ۾ٿһ£ת˲ţ׽
Ƭ̺͵͵ɤӸ໺𣺡ǰƺһš
ָָ̧ǰֲָķ˹ȥ
ֻǰһҵλãźĹΡ
ڹһ˲䣬ϡεıһСš
Ǿȹȥɡ˵ţȼӿٶȡֲͬʱһҲǰеٶȡ
ܿ죬˱㿿ĹΡ
ֲӹЩ۵ĹΣĿɨ˹κ󷽵š
ֲ˼ţҪͨĻʱžȻԶˡ
ֲ룬漴븶һۡ
ʱͻȻʵҪȥ𣿡
ֲͬʱӦһּĬĶһۡ
һĻУֻһķơ
ߣŲֱӴӸֲ֮߹Ȼһ̤ź
ǳɵģźɣǡôӶǵ߳֡
ĿԼ䣬׼˵ͻȻƿĿ⣬۾Ŀĸ죬ͫмһĨϲ
ȻҲ֡
Ҳֻ֡
ԭͬһ·ĴµЩˣϣһҲû
ִ˿̵״̬ǲǰֱʱȣǱࡣ
ϲЩҳƤҲЩģ˿ңҲһʼǰ룬ϸһܷвǳһĻۡ
ЩۼǶ㿪ʱġ
Ȼߵһͨ縶ֵܣߵͨƽ
΢΢üлһĨ˼
ʵأ
ҡͷ֪ɢˡ
ֲһ٣ɢˣ
һǺܺá
ֲ̧һۣ漴ְĿת죬ĬƬ̣Žľ˳
ԭʹµˣԭúõͨûãһײ˻ء
ڵͨ仯ѳأͬƴӵԹһ㣬һ¶ƶʯǽ˷ɢˡ
ֱܼļϮӦѸ٣ṦܲŰΣȻЩǱչûʲôˡ
쿴һյ˫֣ķˮأ
ЩڨڨͷŪˡ
ǻעȫ˶ϣϾвͻᱻĳУԸ覹˼
Σ֮󣬷ԼķˮѾˡֻһ£Ṧܼʱת׼䲻СŪġ
û˵־˼ʲô
̧̧ƤǿǻʵڽҲЩ˼Ͼġ
Ͼʱʮգкü㱻ࡣṦټֵ־Լǿܾͼ˽ˡ
ôţǰ˼ߵǰȻÿԼ䣬¶Ƶ󣺡㿴
˳һ
ֵֻϣüˣȻÿƺǺ˿ڴѪݺύţӾϿԵ÷ǳء
ֵʦҺ۵ġģżοƵί
һĳ࣬Ҳȸߴ࣬µӰǼҪݵĸȫ֣Ȼϴ˿ЩȴЩҪױС̹
ֲ״üͷһ壬ֱһ뽫ⲻҪŪ뵽˽ϲ֮ջǿסֳ嶯
Ͼò׺Լķ˸׽ֲΪһʱͲԼͰ˵Ĺϵصԭ㡣
뵽⣬ֲܵĵԼ
㴹Ѿ߬ȭָҲݽƷҲûκζѹסĵ׷ӿͻްķ
ûвֲһ㣬֣ô𣿡
ּæͷУۡĩˣֽ˵ʦҴûôˡ
һ仰˵ꡣ
Ĭˡ
󣬸첻̲˵㣬ûɡ
֣
֪ĻȻϡ
ֲЦһ˵֣
ֲ˵⻰ʱûпѹȻˡһҲգֻɫбֲһۣ˵һ䣺㿴ŪңȴֲòѹƵģ󡣡
֮Ҳֲ˵־Ϳһֱû˵ɣ׸ֲϵ׵ܵܣ˵öɣ
ɵɫ˶ûжֵߣڲ˵Щʱ򡣡
ֵͷҲԣȷʵʺ˵Щ
Ϸʵı飬ĿתصϣɫҺʹµߵͨлأǱ߿ʲô֣


82 
, ЦЦĻһ䣺һĵĹ£㷢𣿡
˵仰֮Ǵ, ָ΢΢һ¡
һ˲ظŸݣ˼ţһĵĹ£գһ۽ޣʲôҲû
ĻشԼࣺûС
ʣʲôĹ¡
죺ĹѨ˵Ĺ¡֮, 㽫¼򵥸˳
֮󣬴, Ƭ̺֪뵽ʲô˸һۣ䲻˵Щ׼ﶼŮӰɣ
üĹע
ǿҪ˵仰֮, Щŵ׷ţЩǲǶŮӣ
ûлش, ǿֲ
ǻڿڻʱ, ûעʵ⣬ûеһֱڻֲϸ;塣
ֲһ, űڻϵݡǿ˸һۣ漴ֿһɫǵ֡
żֽŵĿ⣬ֲ΢΢Ȼ˺ǲϲ, ҲĳЩ, ˵ֱ
ԷͻȻʳ⣬¶ֱǱȻʲôԵɡܿ뵽ĳֿܺɵҲͳŮ
һ, һȻ˵ı顣
ֲע⵽ֵ仯, ڵ֣ǲǻʲôû˵
ֲòҪκ
ֲûֲв, ǰĿת˸졣
ڸ˫Ư糿ǵע, ֻԥƬ, ˵˳ʵϣµߵһ֮ͨǰһģһγʱŻϲ֡
΢΢šüģʲô
ֵòǺУֻϡһǳͳɳƵ˵˼ڽӭȢ
ֶ֮Ÿ˺ü룬Щӡ
ĪǾһᱻǣУ
ֻصǡ˵ţҲʱڻϵǷŮӡ
ǽЩˣһĶһɫӣȻǵȴ˵ҪӭȢû˽֮ǰȻЩ⣬ǵûϸ롣
Ȼڣ֪˽ߵһͨڻϵ׼֮󣬾ɲȥ˼ˡ
ֵĵһӦЩ֮УòΪɫ˽пܱĹѨˡҲνаˡ
ǵἰпָþ˽
Ⲣ˵̫С
£˽ʵǷǳۡû˭ڿ˽ܱ֮־Ե侲
˵⻹ֻҵĲ²⣬ǲòһ㣬δȻܹûġ
⻰䣬һֱδһԵͻȻЦһ
ЦƽЦʱͣҲɳơ
ֿɣЦʲô
̧һֱ΢ŵɺɫ˫ͫ˫ֱۣϾĿ֣Ц֪֮Ǵ
ȴûɵĻעɺϣɫ˲ڳӦƣһ˵㲻ɣ
⻰һֲҲע⵽ɵĲԾѸ֣Լ࣬ԶϽɢɫɡ
ЦҲɻ˭΢ЦʮãɼתŵϷʴ
ĿֲԼһһɨ߶˸ϡ
˿̣һ÷仯ĪصĹĹǾԵߡ
촽⶯мӣ˭
϶Է۾ľͻ¶
ϸ˵ݼ¶Դˡ£ǹһǣֻ|ֵ˵˼άʱռϷ硣
ֻҪĹֻҪ˻ܸӰ죬ͿһֱӵƿȨ
Ȼ岢ĸ󣬵ˣ˼ά޷|֡
һΪ̽˼ά
ų˼ά|ռ
ü䣬ǰߺܸȤҲԭǲм
˾ǶֻΪһɩϵͱͬһͷڹһ㣬ǰٽһ
ʵϣһȺòȻСˡ
һ˱֣û˿İϵȥĶ顣
ºı£ڸգթα
뵽⣬Цһ˸һ飺˭
̧ۿһۣỺ䵭ĳһֻռ˼άĿˡ
ƺû뵽ش𣬡ɡɫ˲һ˵ʱŭңûκκô
Ҳʵشѣŭһ˵
ֵǣúôҲǲһаôֻܿռݱ˵塣
а΢΢ۣǼȻµҵݣ˼ŭң
ɳƶ䣬ͳɤľĹѨ͸һִ̹ǵɭ
֣Ƕ˵ֻʵشѡ
ɡһ۵׶ѻͫҲֳһĨ׺ݵ𺣬üͷ΢壬˵ֲһ˵Ŀ¶˵㲻𡣡
ֲ⻰ɡԭŭȴͻȻʼͣЦ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôһ㣬ɡܿתľЩȻĿڣҺαһЩĵǿ֮
䣬΢΢һ̧󰴶һťһ룬ռͻȻƮɢһŰɫŨ̡
뵽סѸסڱǣЩɷֲ
Ȼ˵ĶɡȴһЦܿ죬ɢȥĹѨӲʯڣ˵ûõġ
ֲΣյİ۾⻰ʲô˼
ɡ˰֣ϵ˼
ĩˣֺϾ˵ǿԿɻܶ
һŲŲȴ˫ǧһ㣬˷ֺĿֱֱʼٸߣʲô
ɡ㲻ͦ𣬲Լ²¿
ֲüͷ΢壺ŶǵĹѨֻ֮ҪմȾ޷
ɡЦЦ˵ûһĨĻȣԲûһġ
ֲ㵽ʲô
ɡû̻شֲ⣬ζķһ䣺ĵܵܣĵܻܵʲô
˲䣬Ŀ΢ƣ˸һۣ۵תһĨζԼ|
ֲɫһ䣬Щסǣ
ɡ֪㲻ͨˣҲ֪޷ס̫ãʱҶԣѾ㹻ˡ
ɡ˵꣬ԼؿڣȻֲ˵ʵҪ˵ҵ˼άռıأûܵܵ˼άࡣ
ֲԣɫ΢΢һ¡뵽ĳֿܣͫһɱ⡣
ɡ״Цµˡ
̯̯֣ܵܿεĽΪҪѡΡ
˵⣬ɡͣȻĿת˸졣ôߵǰϸߣŵȻΪ޼ɵȴֲ£硭
Ļɡûټ˵ȥж˵ˡ
ս죬ֱڸ˫һǡ


83 
һԵֲֺͫ͵ɪ, ֲֶ߬ݽΪֱ̫˺˵
۵׶ѻһƬŨҵɱ, ֱֱɡ
һɲǼ䣬ʱ޷, ԥĳȥɡƿȻò̵ķʽĵĶɵ
ٵȵȡ
ٵȵȡ
ֲԼ˵š
ռаûиоֲֵһ㡣
˵ҪЧ
˫ڸ˫, ûоôһ, ʮ||ĥ¡ڸоԷĿ֮΢΢Щҧӵ촽
ϵʹø˫ʶ΢һ£ɡץ׼ʱԼӵĴ̽˽ȥ
ڽӴ|ʱ, ɡЩ|ܵ΢΢һ, ɺóȣһŸ۾, ƲԸŹ۵κε
ȻáɡЩʧ, ǰǵӣֵ̫ƽˡƯƯ, ͫҲܵĮܵĮ, ǲûн۵һ㡣
ַ·𱻳ӵĸоáɡоһǰδеķŭŭҲ֪ԴаǷΨҶܴ, Դɱֻߣʵ߶С
Ͼ, ͬ˼άռͬһ塣
ų⣬ȴֻӰ졣
һʱ֮䣬˵˭Ӱ˭
ġ
ܲġ
ɡһ䣬˫ץס˸ļȻԼĻǳǿƵģԼı۰סޱӣȻɨԷĿǻ
ǻҰõˣָһ㣬һġǿƵ룬ȡšѲţФѾø
һ˲ɡǡɡаƿءֺɡֻɣıڲٿһС
|ɬģȴ|ȵġ
ܸоץ֣ĵ¶ȴӱתȣȻ¶ԽԽߡ
ҲܷǳĸоԷĺʼõͳЩ֣ЩأЩٺ|͡
̧ۣ˶Էߡ
ĿԼ䣬Է۵׵ɺƺɢȥһ˲
΢΢ۣ׼ϸʱ򣬶Էȴ΢븶ĶӣǲԸʲôһ㡣
±ʲô
ʵ˿ĴڣĹѨˣԼ
ţڳٳߵɡ΢΢һ룬ֱ㿪ʼƶȻס˸۾ס˸Ŀ⣬˸ӡ
߱ĸйٱԡ
ǰһƬڰĶŵģǼȵĺͼżˮ|˱
ǵġɡֻоǱһΧоһִδй졣
ֻҪһ뵽ǵ˭һ뵽ĽӵԱ߿ţ˾ͼ|úҪ|˵ڵԡ
ֲǳ׽ؿڷ|ͷ|ȡ
ĵ״һַǳС
رΧ˵£еǷػϲˡ
һԵʶֲһۣŶԷѪ۾ʹӺݺ߬ѪҺһʱ֮Ҳ֪ǸͬǱn|t|r|ĴɣǸа˽¡
ڵ΢Ҳܸӡ
ҪǣʵһֱǾ˽ô򵥾ͻᱻסġ
ʵϣֱûκԵɡ
Ҳûʵ֧š
Ϊ˽ˣĵһֽäĿšʲô£Լڲ÷Σ֮С
ƣվҲء
⣬Ҳǡǡ˽ĵط
˶Ľǿģһʲô¶ˣͬʱֳŷǳƯѲĶ
ҲΪ֪һ㣬˿̣аռһ˼άɣ˽Ż⸴Ӻ΢
ôһ˲䣬ţҲɡһ㣬˺һеģ˽ǲҲܵԸ
ϸٿøоһߣ߿ȥϵĶֲĿ⡣
޹գգۣһ޺ģ
ȻʾֲǸаռһ˼άĵܵܡ
ֲҧҧƿߡ
ڣǲûг̫ãڡɡֲֺ֮ͣͬʱһ
ɡָĨȥ˴ǵˮգ΢΢𴽰꣬ЦζḧŸգЩĿֲ΢βĳַ̣ҵĺô磬ڶȻܡ
Ļû˵꣬ͻȻоһۡ
͵סؿڣɫףô£
˵ţһҵĳۣĴ̹һ㣬ദǧĳݺݴš
Ϊ֮ˣ״̬еʹ࣬ռһ˵壬һоͲһˡ
ʹáɡ沿ЩŤüͷţɫҲʼòҰףͷҲһϸܵĺˮ
ֲĿڵͫתһĨмͳŪ
Ŀáɡܿʶʲôҧʵʲô
ֲûлشɡĻֻ亮˵Ҳôˡ
ֲֵȻҲѡ棬ĥĩˣֲһתҲΪ㻹
䣬ΪӦֲ֤˵һһ㣬ռĹѨ֮վǲԸֲҪʹ࣬ɵһựʧԭء
ڱ뾡صȶꡣ
ᱻԽԽ

뵽ֲˣĹѨ֮΢һЦ
Ϊܽ
˺֡
ȻֳЩϧֻȫЧҲǲġ
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ĹѨ֮ԭػһưʧֲ֮ԼȻǿԶˣȴĪһƵĻþ֮С
ˣոȫȨɣҲͬһþ֮
֮˵ƣΪǶεͬĽ׳
ǵģס
ⳡþƺԴĻ棬ӳģǵڴ¡
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ڸ죬ϵͳЭ£ʶ˻þת뵽ֲ˵ĻþС
ȽֵĻþ
ӻþʱԼŴ£Ĵϡ
ڵĵƹϣΪĻһůɫġ|ĹΡ
һ˲䣬ͷ⻷Ĳͬеİ費ǹɫļҾߣǷǳִװ꣬¹񣬻ǵӻǸɾľӣ޲˵ˣþǹŴִ
ԡ
²ûΪѡ֮֮һ죬ʵϲˮ䰵Ǹ硣ĵطִ
ͷһԼĴţȻǺ£ַǳŵĳۣƫʽֻ
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ŲƽȣȴеǷϲк͹ѹֵڴ
[С죬죬޲ԣӦˡ]
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ʱչִһⷽʽֻҪϵͳü߱ǹôΪϵͳ˵ĸ죬Ϳͨκ谭ٴʱ㡣
ʵֻǻþҲͬС
ϵͳ붮˸˼ü߱þʱڵ㣬Ȼʸ죺[СҪֵĻþ]
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[ɵĻþȻҲǳɻ顣]
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ʶϵͳ[εҲͬСɻ飿Сɾ˻֮]
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ϵͳʧתһ룬ȻСü߱ǣǾ˵ǻܻصþʱڵ㡣
뵽⣬ϵͳҲÿϧˣʸ죺[ԽȥɵĻþ]
Ͼһѡ֮ӡ
ɣɣԼ֡
ڶɺֵĻþС춼ȥˡ
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һ֮󣬸Ҳ»عԼ
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ݱ仯Զ׼Χʯǽַƶ
ߵֲߣŻڻþеֲһص¡
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۵һɲǼ䣬ЩãȻ
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Ÿ죺Ƿ˻þȻʵ䣬ȴǿ϶ġ
һһʣɻǵþεʲô
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ڻЩǵĻ棬ġ
һ䣬ֲû˵
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䣬ֽŵȻѾѹǱȥܵܡ
ֲһĨ򥴦Ѫ
һɺѪҺ뵽ʲô̧˸һۣ漴΢ûסЦһ
յֲЦݣü
ݰ
һҲԿ
ֲţ̧ɡ
Żڻþеĵܵܣֲ뵽ǰռĹѨ֮Ĺʱ򣬾Ӧ׼
ڷϵ͸¶΢֮֮󣬾͵ʵʩ˼ƻ֪ķɵϡ
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һӴߵһǣͻᷢӹЧų֡
ֲҩۣΪþǱⱻڿǰ׼ҩۺܺõó

ֲŪ֮󣬸ߣҲִӻþлѡ
ֲ£ֺɶǲþ﷢ʲôֻԼãǷǳõĲԸǵĻ档
ֺɶ죬Ȼǲþ£һȴܿ϶Ǿǻþ£Ȼǰйء
˵뿪ܾҵĹѨ֮Ĺ餡˵ţ쿴ֲз
ֲͷС䣬óһСͲ
Щʵװʲô
ֲ֣ŸһֻԴȥ餵ķɳ档
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˵仰ֲ֮Ͳ򿪡
һ룬һֻɫСɳͲ˳
ֲ
ű˽Ų

ֿһ۵ͷĬɣҲŲŲ˸ĺ档
վԭأԺĻ˼άǸаռһ˼άԼ֮ȫ֪Ҳܻͬо
˽ϸ֣Լݹʱ˵ĸ
ɵӺңЩ֪˽Դ硣
ҲڲԾʱգһ֮սȭ̧Ÿȥ
һУֻеȽǸа󣬳˹Ĺ˵
ΪƶܽĹѨ֮ΪһַǳǿҵֱǾǼĹѨ֮Ҳⳡ䡣
ˣǻ˳Ϊ»һľ㡣
ʵҲȻɵֱǰ㡣
ŷɳָҵĹѨ֮Ĺ餡
ֳĹѨ֮ڹ޸֮ʱԼĹʵʩ˷ӡȻֻһӣֲԼҩ۰ģ˺벻Ч
ĽĹѨ֮ڹԶҲٳһǿӲͻƷӡӹͻɢջɢ
ȻЧлиֱʡ
Ͼֲֺֻﲻ̶ֳȡ
ΪĹѨ֮ӡ
Ĺȴʼ̮
ƶʯǽתģסһˣ˳һ븶ͷ
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ֵͷʱ䲻ˣ
˵ţ¡¡ԽԣĹ̮ٶԽԽ졣
˲κε飺Ͻܣ
λڶǰָǰ󺰵й⣡Ӧǳڣ
˲䣬ٶȳŹԴķȥ
һһĳ˶ڡ
ϴŴµ˳ȥ֮󣬶ԽԽԽСԭܼͬʱܳȥֻ㹻һ˹ȥ
ǰں
ֲ͸졣
Ȼʱ򣬸ĽŲȴֱͣԭء
ֲĽŲ͵һ٣Ÿֲ˵ôˣʵý
ˡʾֲǰĵ棬ֻٳһ˵
طܿصӰ죬ʹṦֻܲŹȥ
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Цˣ𣿡ֲ۾ܳȥ
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죺㡭
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䣬Ҳȸش΢˸˫
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仰˲䣬һ졣
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ǺХķֲսֱۣеӵø
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ΪеѾһС
콫ֲؿڣ͵͵𣿡
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˵ֻ뿪ҡ
ֻҪܺͻеһǹҲֲ֮µġ
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Ϊ·ԨҲǻ𺣡
ˮǺ
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˽
ᣬԥҲź
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׹壬ֲڸķһǡ
ԭһֻΪеˡ
Ȼʶɻ飬ӵ
Ϊ˶
Ҳǣػһ塣
뵽⣬ֲЦ۾촽˵˼֣˽ֲ㣬塣
һµһɲǡ
ϵͳʱչ֪ͨ
ѡֲ֮øж100
ȼ硪ˮ䰣ɶ50
[С죬Ƿ磿]
[]
[С죬ǴɺֵĺøжҲ]
[ţֻһСԭ]
ԭ򣬻Ϊֲ
ֲѡһ𣬸ҲѡȻǹߣȴȫ֮ˡ
ֲԸͬһֱҲԸһʱ䣬ֲһӵиĻ䡣
뵽⣬ҲЦرֲظֲ˵ĸ֣塣
ͨһ
ŷɽˮֲ͸ͬʱˮС
ûеĻǣûй̵ĳȻ棬ֲЩϲۣϸߺôˮУ˫ס˸գ˸˫
Ũҵǣⱻϵϲá
ٺ
ֲ۵ӡ˸ģ
ðͷʱֲյĶϣ˵ĸ֣ޣᰮ
һ̡
֮һУɢ
䳱ʪĻֻʣֲֿĸס
˽ޣᰮ
лҪ˵
ƪдˣ
Ȼѡ֮ӵķ⣬Ϸ⣬ʮ֣ԤƵĲࡣ
лþڣٺ١ٺ٣Ц
л2022-09-05 11:16:09~2022-09-08 12:56:47ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лͶ׵СʹԵ¡СܽҪ 1
лӪҺСʹ 115ƿܿ 5ƿȻ 2ƿʲ衢ûۡʰġGod7'sСͽʮغϷ 1ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


84 
ٽƻ衣
СԺͤ, Ժƾơ
գϦ
һ˴ӹĹѾ˺Щӡ
, ˽ֲ̮ĹĹ֮ʱԼ۾
˽ô׵ĹѨ֮СΪ˽ڹѧ˽ʵҲ˽ɥ
Ľûʧ
˽ֲһº˳
˽º, һ
ȻϵЦݲŸոڿ˽ֲ˵Ķ֮ǵĻȱ̼ɢȥ
˽ֲ, ܸоһ޷Ĵų
һ˲, Ҳˡ
һͬ, ֲ˽ιϵ, е˵ĳ֡
Ҳлᡣ
Щ, ֲֹһ, ǵʱ˽ڵһ, ǲǾͻ᲻һˡ
Ǻܿϧģû
ʱ䵹˵Ŀܡ
ңĻصǸʱҲԼǷֲǰԸľĺ
ֺ, Լлʵ绹ǣҡϾ磬ʼûĹС
ֲĲͬɡ
û취ֲһ, ˽ȫ
, ܶʱ, ֻҪһԥעʧܡ
뵽⣬ֿЦһ£˼ӼջءһϿյľƱȻֱֱ̧һɨƱɨһߺֱƺ
ǺϲȾƵˣҲǺܺá
Ȼ£ֻͨƾԼ񾭣ԼҪȥЩŸӡ
վС˼״ûס˵ӣŲλӣβȥ
ȥҡͷЦţԳ˵Ϧȥֲ𣿡
Сû˵ֻ̾һ
ְ˰֣˵ȥɣһ˰
СЩԥǡ
֣ȥɡٴ˵
С˼ˣ֪ûתˣҲֻȥռ֡
ðſϣһžƺһšԭѾ죬ĿҲΪƶʼɢ
ģ۾˯˹ȥ
ͬһʱ̣һߵĸ죬Ҳϵͳʾ£ͨߵıǣصڻþξڵ㡣
ٴλִĻ鷿룬ʶеϵͳ[Ǳߣɽ˼άͨξķʽ뵽μ]
[СģѾˡ]
[á]һȻ׼ԹϿϷϵͳˡϵͳ[]
˰
ʲôɰļﲻܿģ
ϵͳôĸ첢⣬˿ע𽥿ĽŲ
ܿ죬ű˴ƿˡ
ʽϲֳ˸С
Ϊ˲پƣֵЩ졣ˣȴǳͫģֱֱĿŸ죬ţá
쿴û˵
ǰ֣ǻþеǸ֡ʵʵ˼άҲֻʵ֮󣬼μ䡣
ڸ˵á
ţѾ̧ų˹
ߵǰͣ
ʱҲѾ˴ߡ
΢䣬˸Ľ£˫ַڸ˫ϣ̧һ˳Ϸ̬Ÿ졣
ŵ͵̬ദȷʵȵģԶ׼ռ
촹ͷֵ֣֡
΢΢һЦҲ˸һ
Ǻø֣Ǻ֡
ʦ
ƽҲɳƣǵһصĿ
֮۽գһ£ûȸӦס˸֣ڸֱһǡ
ϲ㡭
͵ͻ˵˫ĥ|Ÿ|ϸֱȻô˳ϣ|ȵǴӸһ·ţ˫ͣ˸Ķԡ
أŸ죬Ȼһûеȸش𣬾΢΢죬ҧһ¸Ķ
ΪͻȻĶԵ΢΢һֵ֣գȻԼ
̧̧ƤᰴѹһֵĴǣĵʵҿĻش𣿡
ֵסְ֣ԼԥĻش𣺡˵Ҳϲҡ
Цˣζʵֻһϲ𣿡
һֻһϲ
֪ǰ˲˭
£һϲ˵ԡ
һ±ָĴǣ΢ЦĿŸ죬ϵС֣ԣһʦܸҡ
⻰˵ùɼˣŽ
Ǳ۽޵Ӱסͫתŵģȴһֿһ
촽΢Ȥֵ򥣺ҸÿǸÿƻ
վڸļϣɲڵص㡣
˳ƽֵַͷϣ죺ޣʲôص㣿
ֵЦţڸĶ˵˼֣ȻǶ|
ͬʱҲ֮ж
ס˫磬˽¡
һС
ӽˮɣ˳¡
ڸӽҲˣѡֵ֮ĺøжʾ

ƻķ磬촵
ִʱЩãȻĿһܡ
յľƱһľƺԼžͤ
գգۣգգִۣԼ۾ôһ˲䣬ԼƺԾС
ʱһ΢紵
΢ķ˲˲١
Ҳ֮ǰǶģĻþ
ԼڹĹڻþһС
˺˽ÿһ׽ǵÿһ֡棬ÿһصϸڡ
ǻһġԸΡ
ΣվΡ
þҲվǻþ
ԶҲܳΪʵ
ҡͷЦţžƺ׼ٸһڣȻּ̧䣬£¶
ϣֿһ

͵һ㶡
һĻþΪ˽ֱ˽ȡ¡صϵĶ
Σ
ԣ
ȷʵΡ
ֺܿ϶
ܿҲʶһûκʵ֧ŵģ˽֮ļ䡣
֪ԽľڹĹ﷢֣ʾţ˽һͨˡ
˽Ļ
κβϺ£ƺܽ͵ͨ
Ĳ²Ⲣԡ
ҲԸȥˡ
Ըţ˽ģһζһ޶ļ䡣
ֺʱٸףԶʿɶֹװɵںͿ֡
Ҳͦá
ͦõġ
ĦϵĺЦˡ
ʵģ滹Ǽ٣ֻҪԼΪãǾ㹻ˡ
ΪǳһĻþ
ѾԲһˣҲкҸ
˽ѾΪķɡ
ΪִĺϷ¡
ˮ磬Ǿ壬ԶԶĿͺá


85 
ɽӪڡ
ͶνΪ׵ĸ·Ӣۺú, Χǰֵĺžơ
ν·һǲϹŴ󴮷Ļ³
³ԸˬƢΪ͡ɵĽܺá˿, Ŵ, ʮֺĽеľһ
ԼԵɣƺЩĲ, Ǳֱӽֱһ, һִɵļϣôˣֵܣֵÿĵ, ɫٶĿɲУ
£ɻδ˵һԵ˵ֳˣ
֪ɼлһλֳġ
, Ϊ˴, һ˲Լͬɽʱ, 뿪꾩ѾкЩ֪ɺԼֳСΪ, ã˼Ҳ֮С
ش˵ǣЦЦ, Ȼһںȵ˱еľơǿ϶һ˼ֳ˵ǡ
ʵ, ֻԼ, ˼, Լֳֳķ, λϵɩɩ˽
뵽˽, ɵͷһɬ
ԼҲû뵽, һȻܵõĿ
˽ķɡ
һ, Զ
֮䲻ܿĽޡ
ɵĵӿһ⣬ĽҲ˼ά
ԽǲȥǸˣľԽǿƲס˼ԺҲϸֳǸ˵ԼǸ˲ÿһ|ĽӴ
˶˵ʱᵭһ
Ȼ˽ļ䣬ȴӡɵԺΣ޷
ֹһԼԽԽյĽȴʵ䷴
֪˽֡
һ
һӣ޷⿪
ȾƺȾƣ벻£³ٴɵļͼԼķʽɿһЩ
Ȼ˼ϸ壬Ƕںѵ仯ٻܸ֪һЩ
£ᣬΪѣȻԷ˵Ҳֻװʲô֪һ㣬ƽ֮ĶԴ
֪³ĺ⣬˼ջأ³һȣ
һҹɺ˺ܶࡣ
һһ롣
ֱٽʱһ˲ŸԻصԼķ䡣
ɵľܺã˺ܶܶ࣬ʶһһ˿ѡ
صԼ䣬ϡ
漴뵽ʲôһ㣬վߵ鰸ԣȻӰóһ
СĽ򿪣Żеӣɵֳ︡޾ӵ
˽
Ĭӵ֡
ԳЦԼһֿɳܵˣȻΪλԼֳķɣһÿĴڡ
ɱϣִŻеӣмɬһصĻϲ
ɬΪ˵ݺ޼յİ
صĻϲΪǶڹĹĹѨ֮˽֮¡
뵽ǹĪĹĹɾ뵽ǸǵĻþ䡣
Щӣҹ˾֮ʱֹһΣŬȥ䣬ͼЩģĻ档ȻÿһΣʧˡ
ԣǻþļ䣬ʲô
ɲԸô
ʾ֭š
ţʣһ˼άҲھƾ£ɢ
ô˯˹ȥ
뵽ξ
ͬʱһߵĸ졣
Ҳڻþļڵ
촩ź£ͷϴźͷֲǲĴϡ
ԽԽĽŲɫû̫ı仯
ű˴ƿ
źϲ̧˽
һͷڷúϵţϴűֲߡ
һ̣ɣҲɡ
Ƕֲݵɡ
ΪֵܣɵͺֲƣüҲơߣ߹ߣߴΣʹϵӰ쾡֡
ĬţסܵѧֳƽչֳԸ񣬾Ŀڴϵӡ
ȻαװúܺãԽصĺȴѾ¶˿̵ǰƽ
Ƭ̺󣬻Ǹȴ˳Ĭ
촽΢ȷһ㣬ֲֲ֣
ԣ΢΢һ٣漴͵͵Ӧһ
ƿϲ𣿡
Ŷ˶ѹסĵ׷ӿĽ뻶ϲ֣ƿͷϵĺϲǡ
ĿĶɵĺһͣиֳŨŨľޡ
ÿ𣿡
ɺ֣ÿ
카һЦԼĿλ
ɵûкȽơɳƶͳ
üȥѾù
ɵͷá
˺˽ơ
ɿŸ죬ڸóһذס
̧ۣŵʵʲô
ɵͷһеذףȻذ׷˸У㣬ҵϿһ仨
⣬˲²⣬еذףʵʲô
ɵ˵ţֺðס֣ţ𣿡ᣬ׺ݵҰ˼צ¶һ
Цһûлشɺ벻ãʵȷ
ɣȷ
ʣ
ɵؿڡ
䣬ɱĽ⿪Լ¶˽ʵţ;׳
̧ۿһ˲ڴеļᶨ֮ʾڴ¡
ɺ֮󣬸Ҳ˴齡
ɵ࣬϶µɡ
ڣɡ
ڡɵĻشɼᶨޱȡ
áЦˣţ㽫ɴ᣷
ɽ˰͸ɴϡ
¹Ӵķ϶ڵɢĹںһճӰ
һžҹ
ⳡ÷õξ
ֲݣԲ컵һΡ
ǿɳܵġ
ɳܵĻص
صֳ˽δʶδΪµʱ
ȻɳܵĶֳ
ΪǸӭȢ˽Ĵڡ
ξڵóԸȢǣĴڡ
İһ£޸
Ǻ˽ƣķޡ
ؿڴʢѪɫõ֤ҲǶ֮ܡ

峿ĵһ⣬Ӵ
˯һ޵ɴл
һϻָ̯ĴŻˡ
ڹĹǶģĻþ䣬ѾˡȻȴûеۣһȻ
ģվǲ
෢͵Դ·Żص˰
һľζüߵԴóɾ׼úϴһ֮ϡ
ͭʱ򣬺Ȼͭ￴΢촦һ˿ۼ
ɺһͣЩŵɿ죬£ؿڴʱͻȻЦˡ
ǰȻʧһ̾ɢ
һصۣǿؿӵ֫ٺ˶·ķһ֮С
ɲȥⱳԭ
ԣؿڴպѵĻҲһƬֵû龻
ɳܣȴҲϲ
һ˵ܡ
һ֮ɴǹĻȶʱɢ˼֡
Ҳʱ򣬸Ǻã繥Խȣ100֡


86 
, δʱ
ֲ͹ҩ̣СԺ
ҲСԺˣΪһʱ, ֲ븶Ѿ֮ǰµСԺ, ڸľŵضΣһıԺ
סȻǱˡ
ͥԺװȴû̫ı䶯
ֲΪ֮Ľ
ǸǧֲҲһһģһ, ʵ̶, һ
֮Իӹ˽ʵȹ̶̳ȣΪֲԼ˽ġ
˽, ǱԴ֮ǰ, δǧϺ˽ź
뵽һ, ֲɫ΢, ͷһԼа
ֲ鷿֮󣬾ע⵽ŵİûз, ֻ̧ʵʲô
ʵ, ֲʲô, ʵ⡣
ֲߵ, ϣиһĨЦ, ζ˵²¿
ԣֲζ, Ȼеᣬڰⴥ, ǣ
ֲͷ, һתͨ
, ЩȤЦһʵкβ֮ͨ
ֲûֱӻش𣬶ǽƵǰЦ˵֪ˡ
ֲ㣬Ҳٶʣֽ⿪˰ϵĽڡ
򿪣ŵĺȻһĴϲ
΢΢ü̧۵Ǻ⣿
ֲ΢ЦšڲǸ˼
죺Ҵ
ֲͷǶ˵ǵϸ˵ãʱɻҲԲġҶ㻳к⣬Ҳ²⡣˵⣬ֲ΢΢һ£Ȼֽķ˸ֱ
Ÿ۾һ繵ĳȵ壬ܹͬѰһ㣬Ƚƣ˵壬Ȼŷ֮֮ʱ¡
£ԸΪңٴδ𣿡һ䣬ֲŵúᣬһ˶ûвĽš
ģʵЩġ
ڣõõĻӦ
ǰӵĿУһȴĻش𣺡á
ֲЦеϲվ鲻ԽĽڿȻôڻת˺üȦ
ͷ˫ֲַļ˵һҲûƽء
ֲ̧۵ֻǿģܿģܿġ
˵οģԿɼ˿̼顣ܵ鶼ˣǸӦ£ǲһġ
Ųһġ
ֲļ˵ˣԷˡ
ֲǾܵĸԷĻӦ
Ȼѡ֮ӡ
ֲǲһġ
һȺ־ͬϵѣƷܵĳ͢ı
֣Ϊ磬Զִǣҡ
֮УΨֲ
ΨиǰֲȫĵΪ
û־ҲƴԽ֣ҶصԼ롣
ֲģСССֻװ¸һڡ
ֲûɾܾԷĺãҲûĮĿֲһ˳Ϸ
ҲΪˣԸ޵ʱֲӦ
ֲȻ֪˿룬ܸоóԼбԷúšеӷȻһ¶ԷıǼ⣬õͳԵǵĺһԷ֡
ӦһȻֲڴ
ֲ˵żȿ飬ٹʱȥԺӺúòһ¡
Щɻ󣺡Ժӣ
ֲЦԣԺӡǵĻ鷿ĳ⡣ֲ֮Ҳȸ˵Ѹ˳ȥ
Լߵһ㣬ͻܾһ㡣
ֲ뿪ıӰЦһջߣصλϣ
[С죬ػɴ֮԰ѻ鷿ĵԺΪǧϺ𽴽]
[ѻȥ]
[ɡɶ񡭡ô|𡭡]
ϵͳһ͸һ˿[ǡǸҿԡ㲻ܲΡ]
ϵͳĻû˵꣬ͱˡ
ϵͳ[ƣ]
ôɰϵͳѵ俴ֳ
ʱϵͳķ߷߲ƽĿ飬һĻһ䡪
䣬У롣
ҹ
ֲԺе˶˳ȥ
мҵķǻؼ̽ףûҵģǺúôڷ̤ԺӰ벽

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ʵɫ¡
ֲһֱȴΪԭûɵ£˳
ľͥԺˮˡҡεǧϣ˸ֲӰ
ֲڽʵǧϣ̧ŷƯü壬ӡ˸˿̵ģ
еӣüȾһ㱡Ưĺ죬ڷҡҷõ壬ÿһƬ궼׺ʪķ顣
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ǺɫĳڷĦ֮䷢˸O@졣
Щֲֶأĺһ𣬳Ϊҹɫ繺顣
ҹɫܳ
紵ͥԺĿƮɢһζ
ڶգʱѾٽˡֲ࣬Ÿķ˿
ֲôڸĶͷһ£˵ȥԵģ
˵
ãֲĦŸ㷢˵Ǿ˯һ
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ԣһ
ֲ룬˵ȥط𣿡
̧ۣط
ֲͷطڽʱﶼǰӣԸڰʱϡ
죺ҩ̲ˣ
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һʱ䣬Ѿ㹻Ǯƣ˽ȥطͬɽ
ҲЩҹӣҸɣ˽
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ȥ
ֲ˼Ƭ̣ϣ
죺á
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