±رС˵ַwww.27txt.La
ÿ£ϲȥ


ߣư
İ
Ŵµճ
ҶػһΪûкϡǰһļ䣬ڵԼĽָһ鼮ռ䡣
ơǡֽ
ûнıʣҶֻҪʱ䣬԰гӽˮо
Ȼȴ⧲Ҷ褵·һգ۾ʹıĩġ
ѩµļԭľżϷˮ֣غĺХ
⽨ͳıȻ߽⣬ΪĵĴٴγΪ
ҶףҪĲǴ˻øãֻǻȥ
ǰڼͥϷݱȽ϶࣬㡣

ף
1ıʺܲ
2֣дָ
3ȫǰ
4ȫְߣ
5ܿգܵķǳǳǳ
6Ҫҳ̣ǷǶ
7ǰĩ
ݱǩ   ĩ о
ؼ֣ǣҶ  ǣ  
һ仰飺Ŵµճ
⣺Ŭһܹսʤ


1 ˮ
ѹںҶҴ塣
¶࣬ò׳̫ڴߵĺϣӪһƬԵľ
ʱм˳źںӱϴϴ̣һ·߲ͷԱߵˡ
ҶҵģǼҵıôˣ
Աߵֶһ£ϼֵǡ
ûȥ˵иרСĴмһĺӣκˡ
ǱãǴĺ´ЩСɣĴ󲡾Ͳˡ
⻰һߵĸ˲ˡ
⻰ô˵ģǼҲǺ´κõģ
û˵´ҲͻһС
ҲƾǸ´棬ҩǮ˼κþͲˡ
ˣ˵ɡ
˿쳳ʱǰҶҵֹµʲôӣϴ˾͸Ͻȥɣ١
գ㽫ϴõ·ŽľҲһֻ˸Ӱǡ
˼ˣ˵ʰ뿪ܿӱ߾ʣܵĸˡ
˶һۣڿԷߺ󣬻˸ۡ
˵´лǸ˱߻ޡһ£ǿ˺´ŮҲ룬˼ʶĶֵĹŮῴǼֻԺȵĻ졣
ײٶ˵ʲôϾ´ڴƵҽģڲ˶ж
һߣҶҵʯ·ߣ·ʱʱЩƵĸ˴кɴ˿ɼڴԵ֮á
һֱߵ˴ͷɽһԺӣԺӱԱߵҪɼ֣ʯ߷ΧһȦľդǰüߴɼ
ƿդͿΧһλۣԼĪʮԱߡ
¾ҩˮ壬ϼ÷ֳݣ͹һˡ
Ҷ
˵ǼΪǵģ㰲οĲأֻЩֻҪʱҩͺõĲˡ
ҶͷæǮ¶ͳ
ɶлˡ
ûӣֻͭ壬ʲôصҩġ
Ȼͱҩ׼뿪
Ҷͷ״ϽߵĶӡ
϶Ͻسǡ
ˣ·Զžܻȥ
ƴҲûֹҶ϶Ķֻϳһͷ¿Ѱ峵ϵ¿һһ¿ͳǰ
ƴǲҲͽˡ
¿뿪ҶҲϽʼҩ
ҩ֢û죬Ҷҵı˹

ҶֻԼ·ڻȫ¶ǹ̵ģΨжǰһ飬ѣҲ֪˶ãȫ̸ѹȥˡ
۾ʱͿĸſڴߣһǵƣ˯üͷš
ûǴ
ҶǴżػһģֻż΢ļ䣬ϱ˭ʲôģôȴһ䶼ûˡ
ֻ˵Ǻȱ
ʱ򣬳ϲ֪εʲô͵һͷѹ̧ͷ㿴һ˫ڰ׷۾

ϲ԰׵ϺΣıסӡ
ҶɤӼɳƣֻСĻ
ϱӦߴϵˮﵹһˮֱԣȵģ̧Ҷ褵壬ˮι
Ҷ褺ΣԾԼѾСˣһͱǰʹ˼չˣǺܲ˼ġ
ȻȴʾԼ
ĶѾȫˣܿҶⱲе˶ˡ
Ҷ̫ĦҶ褵֣Ȧͷðѹͺˡ
ҶҵһʱҶͷҶȴϲɫǰôϱȥЩÿ˻ĳʳǵԼϱֺԼӣŶССȵ壬Ҷ˿
Ҷ褱Ͼ󲡳˵㶫˯ȥˡ
ֹ˼գҶ褵ĲҲȬˣֻǻЩ΢ȣǾ˵ģڼԶЩεˮܺõøЩ
εˮõã＾ãɽЩҰӣˮҲ͹ˣ£أ
ҶɩһС޷۹ǴɽõģǷ䳲ͱ֮ϣҲֻҶɩɽ˲ܵõˡ
˵ҶɩҲǸˣĸֻӣСӱŮСʮ꣬ҶɩСǱкģһĹ򲻱˭ֻԴӼˣͺʹա
һС޷ֻһãܺһ£Ҷ˵㹻ġ
ǳ󲡣Ѿȥ¡
²ǽɶջ񡣡
ҶСϣ̵ķˮʱͻȻܽӡ
߸ļ׳ʵȻһ죬ȻӵɫƤٳƵǶҶϴĳӣֽҶʮˣũѾ׳
΢һ㣬üĿģҶӣҶϴĴӣꡣ
ûҶ˵һɫµŮľ߳˻
ʲôƾЩ֮ģҿɸ˵ˣںҩǴЩʳǧԡ
Ů߽ˮԺߵҶԡ
ҶصҡҡͷһɾͲ´ˣǴش
ҶһŨüһҲ󼸷֣̽ͷȥҿɲܴǾȻȥӣ
ҶٺЦŽŲҶҲĿȥ漴һֻһҰˣҰ֮ϾȻƴС㣬ʱ˦β͡
ǺöͷŨ㣬ζҶ˵ŻǣһȲӡ
ûζһᣬžһҶһѾصԴ
ųأһү̻֪ȥӱߣųԴӰɡ
ҶҶ֮ǰֻųԣʱŷӦ뵽ҳǵɰƣ˸
Ҷһܵϵη壬һ˸˸Թϱչ˶ˮǱģôȥģһСıſɾͳˡûһʡĵġ
һҶãΪټҶϴΨһһŮױܳ裬ѵԼֵҲᳵ·
Ҷ۾һתԹľҶ褱ȥҶߡ
ñһǻ˵û¡
ҶҲӦˣ˵˭˵ү̸ı⣬ĪڱˣӦ֮ҲҶһߣʦͨѧҡ첲
ͷѿǳԡ
һתĹĵĵǱĶ
Ķ硭
ҶҪʱ򣬳ȥĴȴ½½ػˡ
ôˣ
Ҷ̫ŵʱֻһ䱦磬Ĺߺ㿪ʵ
ûʲôûʲôҶٲʲôСŲŲҶߣүû
Ҷ̫ʲôˣ˵䲻ģҶ⼸ƤŸƨ֪ʲôζġ
Ǹˣޱʱ͸ˣҶ˫սսɵһ̰ҹŻؼңү̻˫ζˡ
ۣǵӿ湻ġ
л˵
ǰĶһİףԽܣǾͺСһܴԽȣģ
ˣӲӲӣĹŴ


2 ɽͷ
Ҷɩǰһ۾ͿҶ
ȻĲᡣ
ְѴ˵ĻԷˣ˵ŲˮǾͷǵˮǰɣ
˵ŤסҶĶ䡣
ʹҽ͡
Ҷߺʹ߽ȵͶԼҵȻҶϴûƵģĳͷͽ˳
һĬһѵӵʱһοҶηĻǴ͸ˡ
ûˮˮתתܼ֮ܲģԸϰģһѰ˼ⲻ׼
Ҷһڷˮ˵ӿɹģܵѵҲǼ¡
ϴɾ֮Ҷ褵ûоڷȱ˿漴Сʵûﲻ
Ҷҡҡͷڳ˿
ҶɩǱҲӽβˣҶ˵ĺʹĻ
Ҷɩ̧ľ˿ɽͷȻ󣬵Ҳǻȣ͸ˡ
ˡ
ҶǳԲǴһԾͻֱҶɩصԴ
ɽͷԭͷͲȥͷ͸Сˣ㲻ʺϰŨͳུҶɩûĵϣĳƷһ˵һº
ҶڳԱߣרΪļƢθʱʺϳεĲˡ
ϸ˶Եĺ㣬ְֵ˵ɽͷֻǳζҪӻҪ׿ĴӣȻɤӣζܲܶҹﲻڶġ
ǵɽͷǼӳԵġ
극ָԳ컹ûЩƣûҲ˯ʱˡ
ҲΪ˯̫࣬Ҷһ˯ⶼûУֻڿϺ˼롣
һ뵽ǰһ뵽
Ӱ˵£Ҳ֪˶ãҶڸĸƽȵĺ˳˯

ڶ峿ڰУһգҸ̡
ҶҶĸѹ˵лһǰŵƿţȴ뿪ǸҶҴҴǣȻʼʰǴ˻˵úӰҹԼȥé˭ġ
ֵҶɩϱϰˣž׼Ϲ
Ҷҵĵز٣ÿ괺Ҫȫǿ꣬⻹һҵںضǵعϡͷֵضط࣬Ҳÿյʱ򣬼Ʋ˵Ӱӣ
ܿҶ˾Ž˳˴Ҷ϶СҶӻҶҶ⣬˶Ź߳ţҶҲҪЩܼ飬һҶһҶɻؼˣǳЩ£Ҫչڼ⼸ӡ
ҶϴҶжҺҶ϶ҶҶӣֻһһŮһŮһӡ
Ҷ϶ŮҶɻʮһ꣬СŮСһֻ̥꣬ʱһȻ󲨣֪жմմ˫̥ϲ·ӣҲҪ
ҶҲҶ褵ĸҶϣϥ¾һӡ
ҶͷҶ̫ӣиҶСȥһ˼ҡ
ȼ˶뿪ҶԺ˳Ҷ褳ԹСԺٴ˯ˡ
˯һͻȻоϴһ⣬Ҷһӣץëɵһ͵ۣ۾һֻĴ󹫼ϡ
۵С۶һᣬǴ󹫼ȵͷҶ褵
⹫ͨëʰɫǳʺļڣںڵ۾վڿһӵģ
죡
ͬʱ⴫һԽԽܿһԲʹӱŲһ̽ڿϵĹ˿ôˣûŵɣ
ҶҡҡͷŵûУЩͻȻû˯㷭𴲣Ҫ·ĸڴͷԼܴڱӣֻ̯ƽڿϡ
·ʱ򣬴Ѿſ赽ϣֱֱĶҶ褣ҲҶҪȥ
ֱҶ褲ŵ´Ŵҡڵظ뿪
һúͷСŮԺ˹
ۼҵĸˣһĸأ
ҶһֻһĸǸոս˷Ĵ죬һһֻĸһֻһȴһǺѵ
Ҿ˵֮ǰȥץЩСӸһõģǻš
Ҷŵ˵һȥץ㡣
ӻͷСףҲҪһȥ
ҪҪһȥ氡ҶԸܷܵ룬ûñӦֻһ䣬ȴû뵽ճھͿҶ褵ͷ
ǳ극ߣҸ˵ۼԱһƬɴƽأɿտˣżܿӣҪ׽һֻͺˡ
Ҷ˵Ż¶
Ҳóԡӻ뵽ʱԵⲻɵ촽
Ҷ褿˿ש߷뵽ÿƶķˣ﷢ȻûɶˣһԽߣҪ취Ƽٵȫҹͳɡ
ͨ⼸Ĵ̽ķչγе񣬵ֲһԶĲ˵ʳмĲͬعϡڳֵʳȴˣũֵ
Ŷʱ׽аӡ
䶼˵ʿụܸ̃Ƽֱӵķʵ̡
ֻǣҶֿ̯ԼС첲Сȳ̾˿㳤ɣĺӸɶУ壬˵Ѿ
緹ҶɩģǸɷϾٲԱɾûˡ
ҼŵȼʱȥһҶҵļмӳˣҶɩһĸ͸ˣֱ˼ʣ˰ˮһȥͷʱȥҲ
ҶǻؼҳԵķûٳȥͱϾҲͷңǧѺɹô
֪Ҷ褼Ҫȥ棬뻹ǸһˣҪȻʵڲġ
ûôɹʱ򣬼ǣ·ߡ
¿ҶҴ͹ͣ͹һӴܿҶǰͬһڣҲ˴֮أ峤ҲҶ̻ҲҶҵˡ
Ҷ褼Ҿסڶ߿ɽһ飬ʱ߾Ϳ쵽ɽˣҶ˵ĵط䲻ɽҲɽԶ
һݵأ˲ݻЩ֪Ұ
ǸյС֮ǰȥҿ㣬Ǳסˣ˵ȥǸҡ
˵СԳƵһ֣һ֪мҵ׵ģҲûҶԣҾΪʵǸͯűԶ˵ŴǼҵؿ˰ҲýҶҴ壬ںضǸ
ҶͯıСǲ֪Ϊʲôȴ˴壬ڴ￪˸СѧãÑũ˴һܽȻ̵ĲʶֻǴ´࣬츳ѧὨҳȥѧãҲᵢǡ
˽ѧżְճĺȡҶֵܵ־ġ
ѽѽ㶼þûˡ
ҲߴߴĴչ
ҶˣԺȥҳ档
ΪԸȣҶ褵С鲢٣ССͷͷء
Сֻ䣬ܿһɢȥˡ
л˵
һӦǴƪ֪ǻ᲻ССʱľеһдģôС˼


3 Ұɽݮ
ũҺûɶģҸ֦ڵϻ¾ϷˣһƬݵϳ˲ݣżܿƣֻڰݵʯͷϣΧܿΧһȦֵĺӡ
Ҷӳ۱˳ǣӻҶ褣Ҷұ߸Ҷ߱С˵ĵĸϴҹʱ򿴼һҰӣʱӻǴ࣬ͺˡ
ȻƹһԸߴܶС̵ԾͳǰϽһһĺɫСӡ
ҶʶǹӣҰɽݮݮζеģֻǸͷСҲָ׸ô
ôأôðӻϲʼ֪ҾͰѴ󲮱ˡ
ҶϴʱѧôЩʤĿȽʵۣżϼʱóȥЩǴ󷿵˽
ҶӺٺһЦԱߵĲ﷭˷ܿ췭һխ¿һĿ
֮ǰģ͵ˡ
ۣҶһ˫۾ݵĿҶӡ
ҶҵŮֿŵġ
٣ĵİ
ҶӺƲһֻ֣Ҷۼ⣬ҶǱﲻסĹ𣬲ɵúЦǺء
ӻŲ˵ʲôֻؿɽݮ߿ǣǿժɣһᱻ׳ǿˡ
׳ˣиĽף˴Сڴèʲô⣬ҶܣʱԼСڲݵصһʯӡ
Ա㲻죬ֽĿʼժӣũĺӣһգ۵Ĺϵɽݮһ룬ժҷĶû£ֻ˵㣬ܳԾͲ
ժɽݮҶ۾һת޶Ұݷ棬ֱɽݮǵʵʵĲͣ֡
޶Ұݵʱ򣬵ϻ¶һ
磬ӶɡҶָǶʵ
ǰʱżӣڲУչ˶ЩӶټûٷʱ죬ϱӾ׽Ӳֵ
Ҷ˼ҪԸײͺˣ뵽⣬ֲʧЦǣСôҲСˣֻǸ£ָ֣ôʱ಼ü塣
ĥʲô׽ӵʱҶӼѾʰö׼ؼˣժôɽݮûؼҾͲģʲôʱ棬ɽݮɲʱʱеġ
ҶӿҶڷҲûֻǣߡ
ߵߣȴ汻Ұڵĵطж˻࿴˿ջûסģ֦ôŵǱȥ
ǿڳƷ֣һϺǵɫ죬ǴСèʱѵõ졣
ƹ˻ôֵȴһֻС۳Ļεߣͷϡܿ˿˿Ѫ
Ҷ褶ʱĿɿڴɵײ
ӣӻˡ
ҶǰһӶ䣬µ˵࣬ϲŵа˽أȻûķ˶ƿһ
ǽáҶЦļ۵ġ
Ӳй䣬Ͻèܻؼҡ
զˣܵͷǺġҶɩʮ־ʡ
ûһᣬֿŽŵҶ褣æĻƣҶ褵ıѶʪˣϽݣǧ
Һ϶ҵļƤС嶼ãС򳤴ģԶûྐྵΣӻͱЩ
Ǽ֪ܣҲ֪ʵʵڼɵ
ҶҲſչȥױ쿴ǽջ񡣡
ҶɩԭΪЩӣ˾һƣӡľһֻӡ
۾˲ˣզֻӣ
ҶһЦְݣ¶ɽݮ
ǿ԰ǹӵġ
Ա
ӻҲչȥӣоˮˡ
ҶɩʧЦҲûȱǳԴһƵġ
˵ֵӣԸһȥ̻
Ҳ쵽ʱˣҶ̫¡
СֱֱҶɩӴ䣬ԸȽֵĺɻ⡣
ֱҶɩıӰˣǲջߡ
ûӣɽݮ
ϴı֮ˮڲƯңҶҵĺӣһһΧڿǰɽݮ͡
ϴɾɽݮſԲˮ챦ʯһĹâ
ҶһЩɽݮģ˵ŴûȾƷӦòͬʱҲִصˮζζֻȥʱһ
ȻһǾûԵʵˮ߲ˣеĳԾ͹ˣôҪء
Ҷ̫ƿŽԼҴϱǸгģ£û飬һĻҸϡ
ŵҶ̧ͷ
̣ˡ
Ҷ̫ҶһȦѪˮ۲ɵ˺һȻųɽݮֵӴ쵹ͦãժɽݮˡ
ҶӼ˷ܵ˵ֹأȥ
Ŷ
Ҷ̫Щƣߵһ룬ͣˣⶫζˣʣµٳԡ
ҶҲоеĵͷ
Ҳǣ̰ԣé޿ɹܵġ
ȻûԹǼŮķˣֻҶӸֻƵģڵŬԡ
ĵ˵İɣأԲéޡ
ӻǶóݵ۹⿴Ҷӣ羹ȻҲ̵Ļ
ֱӰҶ̫Цˣߣߣӣǰ;ҶӵĶ䣬Ҳĺʹ첻Ϸǰɣ
ۡҶҲôһ˶ͷԵͣ죬Žʱ򻹲һ
Ҷ̫Сֻ˸ۣ͵ûˡ
Ȼתݣһ۾ͿѾҶɩƤڰϵӣ۾һˡ
ֲöСӽıӵƵġ
ߵĶҶɩ֪ˣСӾǸǳԲǴġ
Ѱ˼һһպٳԡ
Ҷ̫˿⣬һҧ˵ˣմһﶼûˮȫˡ
˵ִĹӣֻͷӣӿڶʵʵġ
⿪ӿڣǻƳγεİ棬Ҷ̫СĴͷҨװ棬Ѵٷãֶţ۵ּһס
Щĥ飬ͷһԵĶûӣɡ
ƽǳԵİ涼Ǵĥģֻĥһ̶ȼģټĥʱ򲻻ȥƤ滹йƤͺ۲㣬ͱȽɤӡ
ϸĥľĥĴΣƤĥȻٴۣõİû˹Ƥͺ۲㣬ڸлϸ塣
־ϸİ˹ǼһûԹ
ҶɩҲ˵һɻֱӿ
Ҷ̫СҲ÷ˣгɴһ̳ͣãڹ´н⣬η⣬ײˣܲȣϲֻ࣬κʹ󽴣ˮͬʱı߱õİ
ڴнտʼʱҶ˾ͶˣһŨһ嶼ڳſڣ͵ſ
ôζȻᴫȥҺҶ褼ڵĵطȽƫƫĵطԱҲһھӡ
Ǽߵھ⡣
ҶҴգҶ褼ΪȦլزѡôƫĵطͬǼʵʵټǺģԲסɽ¡
ǼͷʱûˣҶҴʱֻʣ¶ĸտʼʱΪչǣȻ̫ȴǸڵġ
ǺģԷֵزã·Զһ޶ϵӲԼҷֵ˻ˡ
Ĳ˵ͦ׼ֻҶ֣˶Ŷһ²һµ뷨űˣʵ࣬״ûԶ
ɳΪиԸһӴ򲻳һƨԸȢҲģұһټĸŮڼһֱ̧ͷ
ʱҵĻһ˰
⣬⡣
һ˿һҵĺСкڵҷ
̫ϱһۣŸûʯͷˣϽȥ
˵æº庢ӵⲻóԣ۲԰ԡ
кУҾҪ⡣
̫˰춼ûãкڵϹȦʱͷðֺϵ·ջЭˡ
úúã۳⡣
ûǵܵ⣿ϽȥҪһ㣿
תͷľվһߵĸŮһǮһûС
ĸŮȻûȥڣֶ̫Ρ
ûϢġ̫ʵҲЩҶ̫̫ɲǸģǿԼӲĿˮֱˣҧҧԸóðײŵĶ
⿪һƲŷǼģǵĲ֪˶ãѾë⣬̫ǲãõ黻˸طֻ顣
л˵
С㣺ôɰôܳأͷjpg
ʵ벻ҪҰ


4 
ҶΧڷǰλȶӣҶ̫ȼһҶͷȻ󿪿ڣˣˣϽԡ
䣬ĿӲӰӰƵľ
ҶСȻÿӣСõĲ
ҶҶĸԼԵͬʱչ˺ӣһҶ褵
ǳԡҶ褸ϲİͰܲ
㰡ҪԺôԣӾӶ
Ҷϴп⻰Ҷ̫бۿĵ⣬ܳԱͲˡ
ҶϴҲգֻٺһЦ
ŨãؼζһٳԵҶ˸ǶԲ
극Ҷɩ˺ˮ˴˶ûɢԱߺˮ
СǵвסܵԺȥˣҶ褶ҶӸ˳ȥ
ҶӺڴɵСһСϲŽӣЩ趼ɽҰҶϼǮժ֮ͨɹܱһ֮á
Ҷ˸Ϣ˵үҪڴ޳ǽ±ߵĴ߹Ҫգֻһ㣬ô󡣡
˵죬ԼĪĹһ˸Ǯ
ɱ𿴲ǮһײҲʮģǮ൱ڰء
Ҷֹ̫ķѾҪȥǳԲοֲǽҲαôƴ
Ҷһᣬ˵ʵ
ЩǮðѱȥԺ
Ժ˽Ӳ̫һȥԺѧĶ־߿ƾ֮·ѧӣ˽Ӿ͸ʦһЩ飬ѧ־ˡ
ֻһԺǸͯɵİ༶ÑҲˡ
һ⻰˶üͷ˵ʵũӵҪƾҪȫ֮һģǴҶͯĴβǿͯǵģǼмҵףҲûϡ
ԶĲ˵͹˵ʰɣһ˱Ҫһӣũһ굽ͷڵʳһôǮ
Ȼϵִϴ󷿶ǳˡ
Ҷ״̵ۻͷĽʮӣټôЩܵǮʱܸ𡣡
Ҷʮʱ򣬳͢ǼңʱҶϴҶ϶һ໴һϱУɳҶͷҶ̫
ҶͦʰҸĹԱˣһ߾꣬ٻʱ߸Ҷĸڱ߳ǳɵס
ʱˣ˵ľԭĴ˵ҶܶкӣʵȷʵˣҶҶĸ궼ûҶˣŴպֶΪ㡣
Ҷʮ꣬ҶĸŻҶ褣ͣ׵˵׼Ӷˡ
Ҷĸõ˾չˣȻҶ褳ʱû˸¡
ճҶûһֻè̴ȫ࣬Ƥĺܿͷ࣬Ҳ΢Žʱֱº
м˶ҡͷ⺢ʵڲܻӡ
ʱҶͷҶ̫ҹ˯žҶᣬҹڶߣ۾ұա
ڶȥˡ
ҲǼ˶Ҷ褿һ㰮ԭ֮һ
Ҷͷߵḷ́Ь׿˿ģԼ˽ôҺﲻܣֵܵ⡣
ڵ˽ţպʳûóˣĺôиס
ҶͷӦӦġ
ûֳǮ󷿶ҲкӣΪ˱һӡ
ڴѧɣҶ̲ͯʱȥ˽ӣһǰֻҪͱīֽǮǼһܸ
ҶҶĸȫûԼҶǸޱֿܣ˵ûбȱĺӡ
ʱҶ϶˻йҸһȥûʲôôֻһ
Ҷ϶Сͱͨʮʱ͸ҶɩĵѧԣǸˡ
ɡ
ҶӦˡ
ػذ
̫Ӿʱġ
ˣҶҵĴûأ̫ö֮ƿ߽
սźɻǼҵǳԵúãҵʯͷûóԡ
һɹԺĺ±ˡ
̫ɵվŵĺɻ˾ļָ׶ʱ
ɻʹһ˦̫֡
Ȼ̫һСֿܵġ
ɿá
ҺҶĿ죬ֱһƣѺɻ
̫Ƶ˺󼸲ӴӴĽлĶӴⰡôأ˭۸Ǽҹ¶ĸպӻô
ڵϱߴرߺ᲻ǵģûó
ҶĿɿڴĿ̫и쳤ĺСӡ
Ҷ̫ͷ˸ۣôûɶɶУС
ˣɥˣɶܲҾֱ׸ˣռǼұˣܣ
Ҷ̫ɲϴӣһһֱӰǶš
̫Ӽǰغϡ
⣬⣡
ʯͷ뿪Ҷǰأʱָ̫ɣ
ȻҶ˶ûƵģˢˢ룬ιιȫȻûа¡
ʯͷĿ޺ˣ̫Ҳſڰ
ҶɩƲƲ죬һһڣǿˡ
ھôˣҵȻһеʳȹ̫ɻʯͷ˳ԣʣµĲǼϱĸŮġ
ʱͽּĻƣϴ겻óԷﶼݳƤǡ
Ҷɩ̾Ǵ٣ûļҸƵġ
ҶҴ岻֪ΪÿкҪŮ࣬кҪףѡŮʵ٣˲˵ȫ۰ŮҲûŮ˿ġ
ɲǣĸĻҪȥСǸϴβͲûȻ
Ҷ褰Сߣź裬ߺȱԡ
ҲЩӡǻǹˣһǶյĲ쿳ģڲѩİ첹档
Ҳ֪ô£ѩؾ˵񲻹ĸȥҪ˵Ҳȥɣɶ˵ֻ
ǼҿȥԼҵĲһЩǡ
С添Ƕˣ̫ȴдĵ˵ƭ˵ģڱС
Ҷ̫֡
ҶҴĴ峤Ϲѵ̫һ٣Ϣġ
Ȼ´ҩȴһҩǮϳ淶ˣ˵ҩǮԺỹҲ
һҶ褴ԽƷһң̫ǼҴɣȻȥʵ񣬱ԼҶܾе溩ļ飬ǸΣ˽ˡ
ϱ͹Ůź
Ҷ褲ţֲΪŮ˵仰Ҳڲôأ̫ҩǮԸ͡
뵽Ҷ褳̾˿Ҷɩۼұ̾ɶأ
ҶĸЦСӼҼɶɳģϽȥϴ˯ˡ
л˵
ǳǳǳ


5 ըƶ
ҹһ£ҺҶ褼ҵĿգԾů
ֱڶ峿ⳡתΪС꣬ʱʱˢؼ䣬һɻζϢ˵Ϻţ㹻¡
ҶĸӿóһԺ£캮أô㡣
˴ţ緹ʱȴֶһɫӻʱʱǷ
Ҷ̫бһۣȥˣ۾
Ҷ϶ԽԶǲ֪һޣڶûͣ
˵ǶûϾҶҲСľǶڵĶ᷿ټҲڸס졣
Ǽҳɶ°Ҷӷеͷսʵ
Ҷ϶һڰ֪࣬Ǽӳ¡
ҶӻʵʱҶ̫ȴֱĴˣϽԷһ»١
Ҷֻı졣
ǶΪҶ̫ûȤȴû뵽ճ극Ҷ̫ľʣð߳ţǷȥҵġ
ＸӶһۣ׷׸ϣҶ̫Ҳûֹǡ
ʱſš
Ҷ̫վ¿ֵĴɢɢŲ˸λá
Ҳˡ
Ҷ̫ұұãСǰϵͲɣ˺ͬһ壬˴ĸ׽Ҳûʲôˡ
Ҷ̫գҶҴ岻յĽų̣ջƣҶҴ峤ĵܵܣ
ⲻ̫ﻹһ׻ƶǰš
쳢Ļƶը㡣
ҶҶ̫һۣͷ˼Ƿ֡
ӴôĹԣٶõ㡣
Ҷ̫զˣ
⻰һ̫ͱתߣƶջսⱨӦˣ˵Ǵʼ̫ɻʯͷͿʼܶӣһȥéޣ·߲
ԵֵĶֻͦ
ʱҶ峤ͺ´Ҵðһž̫Թ
Ӵô
Ҷ峤鱾Ͳã˭ڼҺúôſȴг궼ܣ̫Թûˡ
ٲˬҲû¶ֻú´ȥ
춼˵ɶ
´򰤸ˣǳԻˡ
࣬ͷǼҿɲԵĻԡ
̫˵Żһ
ͬķϱŮû£զˡ
ſڿֵĴ󺰵
ҿǵıӦôôģүء
бɹ˼Ұԣֱֱ
̫ǿֱŭǺ˵ǼҶǱˣүӦüסǲǡ
ǿû£үס
ǰɶµģһү˳ۣܸҼҳ϶Ҹͻݵϱ
һһģ̫ȥ
Ҷ峤Ҳ̫ܽôǶ˵䡣
ʱ´˹ʰöǳԻ˶ӣɶ£ҼƶҲسҩܼéҲˡ
䣬Ǳʯͷ㰧Ŷéܡ
̫ģתͷѵվǽǵŮ
һûУȥչǵܵܡ
̲סڡ
˵ʵʯͷˣϸé޻ҪչˣǲԴⰡ
ǰǰ
дӦͣȷʵҲôõģǸСé޻⣬ⶼˣͻɶɣɡ
̫ЩĻֱվȥȻ߹Լ壬վһ๾ĽУֻŶȥ
ʱǽվõĸŮһͻȻСڣǲǵ˵ģǵֵġ
˵Ŀⶼеϣɪˡ
̫۾вſ˭һֺŮ죬Ӻɰسﶼ·Ҳ˰۾ˣԶͿ嶫
С淰ɡ
Ҷ̫ͷ
ĸﶼɵģôһ̣ҼҲġ
̫ź죬ҶҴŮٰ
Ȳ˽̫ȴǵĵԭ
Ϲ˵ǵĶǴسǴģĻ⡣
´룬ʵķ˶ã
̫ģһǮڵ򵽹ĵġ
ڶˣȥǶ߸£
´Բɵ̾Ĳܷôãгӻˡ
Ҳ׹ԭ̫Լֵģ˲۷׷ס
ˣⲻ
ˣϽɢ˰ɣģߴŲ䰡
Ҷ峤ʼˣԼҲ׼ߡ
㲻ܾ߰ǵܵɶʱ򰡣
̫ȴקס´ҩ䡣
㻹զ
Ҷ峤ͷǴ峤
١ٵץҩ
´ü֮ǰ˵ǼûǮҲʲô󲡣͹ȥˡ
Ǵ񺰵㲻벻ҩǮҩɣ
̫ȷʵ뷨û˵ͱˣǺ˭˵ģǮҩ
˵žʹѶͳɢͭ塣
´øӵ»ûȥأôǮˣ
´״дҩϱȥҩ
Ǹߣ̫ӱһڣŶӸϽԺܡ
ʯͷû
ʯͷéﲻͷĴ󺰣ô졣
ũéֻһӣһ£żҲס˳Ȼһ̫̲ס
ֻڵһɳζϴΧ˲˺󼸲׷ڶסӡ
ʲôɡ
˵Ҷ峤ͣߣͷһµġ
ûɶֿɿˣߣ߱˸߲ҵ£ҵºܿͻᴫӣڽĴ
̫δʱ仹Ҷ̫Ҷҡ
é޻Ǹöӡ
δ
Ҷ˶࣬éҲ
˵ˣҶ̫ͷǼϴĻ¶ʱû
̫ϥŮϴ˵ǳӵĴҶԶ׻˵úã϶Ӵӣ̫̫ӣҶԶǻ̫ӡ
Ѿʮ꣬࿴£ȥǰһҹŮ
˵̫Цɶ仨ϵƶһ
ˣ¸³ʮǸ˼Ȣĺӡ
Ҷ̫ͷǾͺãɶҪģҡ
ôһ˵һм£̫ʱҪ鷳ȥԶ̴ӻȥѹ
Ҷ̫Ů˫ȫٺʲ̴ѡ
ӻ̥ǸϼӸ
ɣҶ̫ˬӦֲɶ£˵ģСҲѹḻˡ
Ӵ㿴ңһСľʹôˣﻹһȥأǽҾˡ
̫һҶ׼緹վ׼뿪
Ҷ̫Ҳûֻ͵ſڡ
ʱÿҶ﷢æզأ紵Ĳ䰡
ɶأ㶼û
Ҷѹתͷʣ̣ƶ𣿡
Ҷ̫ϣصƶ٣Ͷûƶեģ̼Ҿиե۴Ա߼嶼ȥǼûƶե͡
զƶˣһը㵱ԡ
ûУҲûô
Ҷæֻ֣ͻȻ뵽˶
ʱЩ죬дեͣȴûжڵĴ壬ﶼûеġ
ܰѶǾǶҵ⣬˵󸻴ԣĲġ


6 ع
Ҷ褼ǵزٵľ±±ôģȴǲ̫塣
ڲ꣬Ҳ˵ɣѲҪ˵ҪûƶϡĳʳʱﶼҪں֡
Ϊ£Ҷһ춼ĬԣǿżԼˡ
Ϊ˲ﵣģҶ褱ȷ
û뵽龹Ȼܿӭת
µһϣҶڿԺҪ˯ŵʱȴȫһһͻȻԺ֡
ֻųƽƽ棬ϸһȴϿ̵··ֱ꣬ʱϸ֪ʶҶԺﻮ
ָ壿
Ҷ褼Ĺ۲ţҲ˷粻۲졣

ܲһֱôȥҶ褱壬ʳָָһš
ͻȻܳһӰɣֱӰȥ
Ҷ褺˼š
Ȼʱûκ鷢žƽƽģûıƿˡ
ڿռ䲻󣬵ⲻ֪Ǵ͸
Ź⣬ֻһĳ·ڷһ鰴նʮĸ˳ڷš
Ҷ褳һ
ЧΡ
ɫķһͷ۰ɫɦŪˡ
Ҷ褣
ܿݣǰ˴æ
Ȳķ飬һĿеɨȻܿݣ²Щлָ͸Ĳ֪Ĵڡ
ȻЩѧֳķӣڹŴũûãҪľЩ֪ʶ
ŻȥҶ褿ʼ֪̽ʶռ䡣
ȣռСֻʮƽңܵǽƺһεĲʣһԤУռǻģֻǱҪʱ֪
Σռ鼮Щֲֳ飬ͬʱҲҪġҲ֪᲻
ǹڿռڵ⣬֪ʶռʱӦǾ룬磬ʵĶýҲ˵ѿռ䵱һռ뷨ˡ
֮⣬ûҵκιռֻƬռʵ˼
ڿռʱֻҪ˴壬ио
ڣҶܸܵ˽ָĶͷϡ
ֳһ㾫϶˽
ͷ̣ӦûҶĸ·˿̫䣬Աġ
ҶСĵĵȼ͵ƣڿϣȻŲǽǵһשͷ˸С
ͬʱҶĸҲӿޱͳһɰֲͣͬʱҲûͣ
һ𲻾ͺˣ˵˵㣬ǵҪ˷ֿء
о仰˵úãߣǮɲ٣һ鱻͵զ
ҶҲԼ˼ֿ鷳鷳˵㣬հûһǻȫû
ҶĸҲǱԹ䣬ܿͽǮȫ˳
עĿľʮԪҶʱ͵ģľЩӺɢɢͭˡ
˿ЩǮҶԪʱãͰѱȥҶͯǶɣ˵ģʶЩҲǼ¡
ʶ˾ȥ㵱ѧͽҲǺõġ
ҶĸͷҪҩﵱѧͽͺˡ
´ҩѧͽֻǲǺںҩãǸԶĵطڴԾɼأɴ˿ɼһյҪԡ
Ҷ˵ƾ۶ӵĴӱպ϶Ҫٵġ
΢仰ȻǮպãɻؿϣû˵ֻ
Ҷ۾һᣬĸӣΪ֮Զ
ôһ˫ĸʲôֵúµء
Ұ
ĨĨ۾ڿռ﷭˰죬ڷһҪ鼮
Ʒӹ
Ȿϸ˸ඹƷע
дͳ֮һҵ˸ӣð״״±㶹
Ҷĥ͵͵һ£õ㶹ӺͰ״ףҲۡ
˵ڶһ𴲣Ҷ褾ƨƵĸڽ츺Ҷɩ󣬸ڳ
ռСҶɩתʱײ
ǶˣҶɩΪҶǶˣʹ¯һعϸԣóȥ԰ɡ
ҶŵعϿЦãǼ⶯˶ʱһζΧ
һӳǣ˳ճ̾˿̫żˣڼ˶æţҲ¡
̾ɶҶ˱ʳָһ˫۾ֱֱҶĵعϿ߹Ӷˡ
ҶûƤũ˵عƤҲܳԵģ˷Ѱ˵ˣƤմĻҲǲľңһ㶼ࡣ
ѵع֣ͲĵعӸСˡ
ݸҶӻ
ӻǣµ˵ԣҲ
Ҷ褿ԱѾʼõҶǳ˳飬û£أһԡ
Ŵûѡĵعζִ𣬿ڸƫɬȥʱеɤӣô˵ʳĳһӺܿůˡ
ǳԵعϵʱҶ̫һ˽Ҷ֡
Ҷ褽һعϷŽܹȥ
ԵĻƶͷը˵ԡ
Ҷ褿һСӴϲ̤Ьٴȫѹ򰡡
룬ʵ̣ƶԸ𣿡
Ҷ̫ĶӶȥģ϶ڲԣٹµĶҲóˣ¶˭϶
ҶҪҶ̫ҲӦˣСǺ棬ƶԲóԣžͻѶӸˡ
Ҷ褴Ҷ̫ӹӣҶӺܿ˹
զըˣը΢ŵξͺˡ
ӻֲɻ
Ҷ˵ĳʳ벻볢
롣һʳӦľҶ
ӻǳɣģЩӿɲأըܳԺü졣Ҫĳʳ˷ˣǿɾɶûˡ
οСأզʵĳʳ
õ?ԡ
Ҷ褲Ϸܿ˵Ҷˡ
ǰѻģĶӶ˳ȥ˸ľ裬ˮûӣϵȵҶ褲Űˮˡ
ȻСô˲ע⣬͵͵ӳ˵״׳ֱľ﹫õʯĥߣʱʯĥĥӡ
Ҳ죬ǻ̫ĴҶԶﻹǣһֻ¿ֻ¿߻߽
զҶԶһ£ΪǺ߸ųأû뵽С㡣
Ҷ̧̧ľ裬شǳĥӵġ
ҶԶû룬ΪǴ˳鲻֣úӹ
ʯĥأզĥöһĥٰ꣬ǡ
˵ǣ¿ӿ춯
ҶԶ°Լĥ꣬ɨɾŰҶ褵Ķӵʯĥ
յȥҶȴ˴ˮҪȥҨˮʱҶԶ
еˮͱȥˣҵİɡ
˵ͰѷǽǵľͰ˹ͷԼô֮һˮ㹻ˡ
ҶԶҶ褵ָӣԽԽȣ̼ҵıСС;ʮʮĴӱ
ܿ춹Ӿͱĥ飬ĥ˶
Ҷ褱ӹװľ裬Ȼ߹ԼûȲ˴һˤϡ
ҺҶԶۼֿһ¡
ߣҰͻؼҡ
ͷ͵¿˩ĥԱߣԼľҶ褼ߡ
ҶЩ˼л
лɶһҵģһСɶлġ
ҶԶ⣬Ҷ褲ܲ⣬⣬ǶҪҶԶһݹȥ
л˵
СССָ


7 ̶
Զôˣ
Ҷ̫ЩȵʵſҶԶ϶˵ľ衣
ǣ
ҶԶҲһ㶣ⲻǴñȥĥǶĥĻƶ
Ҷ̫룬أԣԶ³Էɡ
˴̣Ҽҵ¿ڴڣ±͵ǣȥ
ҶԶҲû룬æľߡ
Ҷ̫ſڣصشӲ˵ժС
ɶöǸճ죬۵ĿˬؼųԳųԶС
ȹţҶ̫תСܲͷ
˵˵ɣʲô۶ˣ
ҶûżˣˣͰԼдһһʮ˵ˡ
ǰһΣиүүûƶһжĳʳſɺóˣҾܲ
Ҷ̫һ㣬զôˡ
ֻҪӣҪˣ
ҶͷҶ̫֮⡣
ֻҪӺͰ״ס
Ҷ̫ɣҶҲ͵ˣҶ̫һ趹̨ϵĹУһӹŵζҶ˶ۼſڡ
Ҷӣ󺰣̣ɶóԵأζֱꡣ
Ҷ̫ûרҶָӡ
¶ߣ︡ĭҲ࣬Ҷ̫ӽĭƲȥżٽ£ȶҶ̫Ҷæһһ鶹
˺ĶҲôιι
ҪһҶ褰Ѽİ״׺ˮһһıϡ
Ȼ󽫰״ˮУǧҪעһȫȥҪһƿֱ̳״Ƕ
״ˮĶᵼõĶڸб
Ҷ룬ڶ֮ǰҨһ׶ִԱߵĴͰҨһ׽棬ϻнõĴн⣬Ҳˡ
̣ⶹζҲá
һڼ˵ϴһ飬֤ÿ˶ܳһڡ
̶Ҳԣ𶹻ʳƷִʱ֮ûϹϷ̵ڱҶǱˣ̶Щ
±ˡե˵̶Ը
뵽⣬Ҷ褲촽źǼ٣Ʒ̶Ի
ֻ˽ĶҲζˣڸмϸ廬ۣýһ¾ʹɤﻬȥ
óԣûͷһӾûˡ
ֻһڵҶ죬ζŶ
Ҷ̫Ƴһۣţĵ
г㣬ʲӶɣ͵ⶹ͹ˣ֧С̯һ춼в档
ϾɱĵֻͣҪһ㶹Ӻһ״ס
ûкʵĹߣҶ褾ֻýһ鲼Ҷ󲮱õȥ󣬰鲼ãٽһصĴɹѹ鲼ϡ
ִʱ䵥λѹʮӾ۶ĿڸУѹһСʱ϶ĿڸУѡ
ôãɫܿͰ
Ҷ˽ԵıƽʱҳԷʱ˶ЩģеĳԵһ뻹Ƕ
ֻѹʮӣҶ̫ͽ鲼⿪ˣһ͸ŻƵĶǰ
ô԰
ҶЩ޴֡
Ҷ룬صпҲԳųԣɰڡ
ˣôˣСϽȥ˯ʣµ
Ҷͷһοںȥ˯Ҷ뿪֮ǰ۾Ŷײϡ
ҶڿϵʱɻүΪɶûզ֪ôණ
Ȼ֪ǣ˯ʱȻȼ͵ƣȴʮּžҶͷźû˵
ҶɿԴ֣ȿڣǻǵñ꣬иǴ廯ԵʱۻͷΪر
Ҷʿˮ˵޻֮ˣԵʱͻԷ
ҶĸЩֻ˵ô綼ҵĺӡ
޻ΣҲʮ»̥ģһ뷹һ뷹ιġ
ȻǼҵĺӡҶͷº¿˿ģ¶סˣ͸¶˵ʱĳٸдķΪ˸лľ֮
ҶǴ˻شģ˶֪Ϊ˾˲˵ôأɲ˵޷죬ǹȥ
û˷ҶͷҶҿҶ̫ǰ˺һץҶͷĬԵûɶڸУʵֻҪҶͷµľҾûܷ
ɣȥ˯һ绹ء
ҶҶĸٵߣ˽ſڿ˯Ҷ褲ЩʵС
һҹ֪жߡ
Ҷ˯ͦã𴲵ʱˬ
Ҷĸ緹һ鶹гСͬСһˣʳǵعͷ
ƽǺϡһ˶ȣǽмʮ־ϲ˺ü룬׶ûʣ
ⶹζá
Ҷͷ룬ǿ⣬˵ȫ嶼⡣
Ҷ˼
Ϊɶ۲Լ
Ҷ϶̫ףΪҪȫһǼҵĶգأǷֳȥǰѵֵǮˣ
Ҷͷú̸ҶԴԼĥȥ
Ҷ褵һˣһǸ⣬һҾۻһܹӦȫسȫĶ
ǰȫˣĲ˵Ҫֶᶹӣֻһǿ϶۵ȫ嶼ڰȫϱбϡ
˵ﶼݣЩһѣҳһѣǻŹģܲɽ亣ζǳԿʲ˰ɡ
οȻ主ЩĲָҪʲô
Ҷ褲ģ˽ָ⣬вٷ¸ķӣԵĲ˵͹ǶһٶʮֳԷóǿۡ
ҶϴʵҲ̫ףһô̤ʵСʱĻ׺ϱĻôЩҲ˳˳ˮĹˡ
Ǵļᣬ۶Щеȥզ˵ȴ˵
ҶĽõ˼һµͬ⡣
죬Ҷ˻ûȥҺôѾȥˣҪȻô治һܸꡣ
˴ˣСְæѼеĶӶ˶ȥԸҲܳԣ𶹸һͷ۶Ҳ϶
ǲ׼ڼǶʳԺͶӣֻҪЩʳȥˣͲõû򶹸
ᵱ죬컹û˾ˣڵĵطǴ廹·Ҫһʱ
˵һһΣһ죬Χ丽ʮӣԼڵĵطʮӵλ
س˵ļּ֣ũ񣬲ǮҲüʳ֮ĻƷ
ãȥҶϴ޻ҶһңСǴҶӡɻҶ褡
ʣµڼ￴ҡ
ǣ¿ȳ¿ϷͰͰ޲ΧһȦͬʱסͰڣΪ˸ɾԼ¡
֮⳵ϻСľĸСľʣȻҲز٣ЩҶҵǳġ
ڼҴţһ¿ǡ
Ҷɩ֮ǰµĻС·ȥδе̫ǿ
˵ǼҵĶ᲻ȥ
Ҷʡ
İɣ϶û⡣
Ҷ褵ǲģʳִζ޵ĹˣĹŴ϶Ҳһ˵ƽʳ˵һֱҺóԵʳĻ᲻ܻӭء
Ҷ⼸СʱѾʱ֣ţһյһôͨյص·Ҳ˰̯ӣʮ㡣


8 ѿ
ֽ֯ߺڶҶ褿ۻҡ
޲
Ǿ˴˴С̯ɫ޲ũõĲƥȻֲڶɫʤڼ۸ˣ˼ҹʱܳһ鲼¡
Ǽ֯ģһ߲Ǯ
һƥ=ɲ=ʮ߲=13.33ף
ۼ㣬һƥԼҪģͨ˼Ҳֱһƥǰɻ߳ߵĵλй
ЩԵĵطһֻ߲Ҫİ롣Ǹ˳һᣬǽĲˡ
һʮӣ༫Բ̯ϵĲ˳Ⲽȥó·ܴþأ˵ˣۼҵ֯ﶼģǮ֣ü֣һöһǮ
Ա̯ӵϰҲͷǶһġ
ҵĲȻЩȷʵʵϴ˼ˣû
ᣬͦɣҶ褿ǸѾΪ⶯
Ǿͳ߰ɣüʮǮ
㣬ǼܵģɲǮʮǮ߲ʮʵˣȰѲؼܸѣʣµĻ¡
úá
һּۻۣҶһߵԼҵ̯ǰ
Ϊ磬Ҷҵʳ̯λòڼм䣬ܴĸڽᾭ
½̫Ҷ˻صش˸װӣ󣬵ô
Ҷɩǹæʵû緹ɣҨһ붹
˵ҲǻشֱӴľͰҨһװĶȻִ߹ҨĢĽͷ
ɫĢڰɫĶϣһŨ㴫˳ȥ
糿߰˵ӣϼĴ󲿷ֶû緹緹ģһҲɵһ
ӶľͶԱ߿ʼԶȶڵİˣҶɩּ˼
Ҷ̫ҶĸӶһѺ֣ҶҵⷽҲ츳Ҫ󣩣İֽڸ˵ͼֻ΢ΣһζԵʱȲҭҲJɤӡ
Ҷ褾ԼĶóԣԵչĹģ˼ˣɵʿˮ
ɩӣɶզû
̯ش
Ҷĸʰ߰ҶͷĻ͵ߵһֳʳжǶڵģζ
ߵĶͲö֪ˡ
Ҷĸ̯ԥܣһ붹ǮһǮʵݲˣǳɱۣ׬Ǯ
̯㣬ּȻжǴǶģ񶹼һҲҪǮǮȷʵ󣬼ϰҲŰǮҧҧǳԲ
һݶһӰɡ
һôףҶҴΪϲʢһ붹ݸ̯
չ֣е䣬ټЩС̯ҹʹӼҳеУϳԵĴҲͷӡ
ʱһڵĶɤӻ£˵ζΣ˲ůˡ
˱ԥһз̻ʵӣ̿ˮ̲ԥˡ
һ붹ŵ㽴Ҫл
ٸӣҵİҲóԣƤڴȷʵʵݡ
Ҳ˴ɶҶ˵ֻܽ˵ûƶģķһôЩ
Ǽʳ̯Ŷӵ˶࣬ȻҲõÿ죬ҶҶûţȥˮϴˡ
ҶɻҲڰʰ
ֻбСҶ褣ҪСľϹԹԵصš
һֱæ̫룬¶ѾܸоȵʱҶϢһᡣ
ʱͰֻʣһͰףԼĪҨ룬Ӹһʣиϼ˲Զǿӣ·ϳԣǴȥӳԣܵˡ
ҶĸһˮſڣһҵڼϹ䣬ﻹȱЩߡ
ñƷʱ򶼲ǮʳԼұܻ
ҶɩͷҲˡ
ҶĸӦһһˡ
ЪȵʱҶϴ޿̯ӣҶҶĸӱߡ
ҶĸֻԼȥģвסÿʵûסֻӦ˴һ
ҶҲΪҶĸһ©Ծ˴ӡ
ɵðǣ֣ɢ꼯϶ӣȥ꣬˸ӣǸڴиСӾڼϱˣʹˣҲڶûһ
ҪǱˣҲҪԲ
ҶŻǣֱҶɻŵɫҰס
Ҷ˷Ӿͺִ˵ϳ̣˵м޿⣬һǷɱģǹ˿ڣϧġ
Ҷĸɷһ䣬ưѺŵã£ء
ҲǽЩ𡣡
ҶúӦòˣס졣
ܿһ˾ͣһ̯ǰһõ̯ӣƷӣɨߡ߹ޡҲˢۡǡ
ʱˢˢӣˢľͷģˢͷǶë󲿷ֶë
ҶóˢͷִˢӲһЩ⣬𲢲
ֲвҩƶɵķĩִ࣬ҲܽܣϾˢͲˣҪɶг
˵سﻹר˼ˢ۵ӣˢʯģҲ֬ҩġ
ˢһӶһ򵽡
ǣũҳõһȻ͵ģҲΪȭͷСûɶζҲԡ
ߵ򣬵ͱˢҲ˺ܾˣʱһˣȻˢˣҲöһЩǡ
Ҷĸ˼ͬʱҲͣܿԼҪ˳
̯ӵ̯ǸʮСˣ࣬Ҳûߺȣܲ۵ӣȻҶĸʼ۵ʱҶ褲Ǵ۽磬˾һļܣ۾ɨһ飬ͰҶĸﶫļ۸һ˳Ȼ˵ܼ۸
һʮһǮĨͷʮǮɡ
ҶĸûּۻۣƷ۸ǹ̶ģҲֻ࣬ǿڰˡ
ǮЩɢɢͱҶĸСû̧ȣҶʹϽӹӡ
һĻñҶ褿͵Цһ£ĸá
ò࣬˸ҪȥҶĸȴһǵ̯ӣ̯ľϳʵɸʽǻˣȻ˲ڵݼϡ
ѿǣ۸Сϲ
ÿѿǣȥǸǷһ£졣
Ҷ仰ʱͿǵ̯ˣ֪أûҪԡ
ɩӣۼҵѿǶϻҲͣҪ㣿
ѿǷ֣һǷĿ״һǮһľǩŵǻˣոӳ̶Ȳͬ۸һƽһǮ
ȽʵݵĵȻǿ״ģҲеСϲǻˣŸĸΪҲ󲻵Ķȥ˴󲿷ָĸͬ⺢ӵ
ҶӼ˲ӣҶĸֻǮһѿǡ


9 ĥ
ѿõֺҶĸǣʣµӰסС
ҶǿСҺͬʱҲͺճζȥʱ򻹴ѿ
һϣѾЩˣꡣʢҶɩôźӻ̼ӿֽš
Ҷ褶һƣ̯ǰĿϿһּۻ۵Ĳ̯ˡ
һϲݣԲͷԲĶԲеǵշֻ֮ҪһЩ
õҲͨ
ǼжĳʳζãǳһҲ֪û´ˡ
źͷȫˣʣǵҲɲɶ
ΪֱӰԲʣµĶҶɩҲģӹͰףһĢ
뿪֮ǰֿһСܲͷ˵
ҪҪҼҵĲҪĻԸǱ˵㡣
ҶɩҶĸһۣͷǰȡΧȹ߰ӷ¿ϡ
˳һᣬͷɫƤëɫ۾¿Ŷˡ
Ҷɻûţ˽Űһר־سǡ
Ҷ褵ǸǣҪе̫ճûģܸоᱻճǰ
̯òԶ׵ľ룬һƨ£ȻܵǿЩҼҵĲһ߲İ룬üһǮ
ǿȥһ£̴ﶼҴҼҵĲүá
˵컨׹Ҳ֪٣Ҷ褾ûţΪ̯ϵĲƥȷʵǰĶҪʵ
ȻҶɩҶĸҲôõģ˵ΣʹֱʵذԲ̯ʣµɫƥɫŮСá
Ҷĸһϸ޲׼С£һӦǹˡ
Ĳֿ࣬һƥǳɫĲȾúܺãɫҲˬܸһ·
ض顣
·ϼʹƣۣ˸߲ңΪˣ·ϵĿܽҶ褿
ʱ컹ţҶ褲ϸΧ⻹СһγԶš
ܱߵǾˣ̸ڵš
¿ƵСϣһ·ߵ˶࣬ȳһӲݴϴߣ֪᲻ðޡ
һ˻صҵʱ̫Ѿб
Ƕ۵òᣬԳЩɿ˯ˣǻ˯ǵһ档
ͭ壬һƬž
˻Ҷ϶ȵ˵߰Ǯһ߰ģÿ춼ô࣬һкöӡ
˵㿪ʼָ㵽ж
ӺͭĻ㣬Լ1:1200
ϲ˵Ҳơ
ҶͷˮˣĻôǮüȥɱֲÿ춼мᡣ
⵹ǣҶҲЩƮƮȻ⻰ܿ侲
Ҷ̫룬ʵ죬ǻȥ𣿡
Ҷ϶ȣȻüôզܸߡ
Ҷɩüͷۼûˣ¶ûɶȫɶˡĢУǰʱ꣬ɽͷȫĢɹɸĢ١
⵹Ǵ⣬ɸΪ֮ûզ
Ҷתͭ壬ǸԴģΪˣھӪܻٳҲ˵
ýļնӣһﶹӲǮոٽҲżӡ
˵˶٣ȲȥˣȥҴ峤˵һ¡պ󶹸ȥسѰ棬۾ר⡣
ȻҪѶӹȥ޳ģҪȻ˭ǵԩͷ
ҶͷûôŰɣǮҪ˵㣬ʤڰȫ
˷׷Ӧǡ
Ҷ̫ǽ⣬̸һҪ¡
ǰ˵ùزУⷨǱģͷӵǮҲĶ࣬ڷֳһɵúú˵˵
һ仰û˵ϾƲġοû뷨׼ѲҲû뷨˵Ǿջġ
ҶĸһۻûּңͶһˣαطֵô塣
ãɲô˵ֵܻʣиȷʵǺõġ
Ҷ˲ϰΣƢԶǺõģȢףҶ̫ѹأò˵˼׼ôЩ֮û
ҶϴȱʾԼġ
Ҷ϶ͬˡ
Ҷɩ˵Լ뷨Ҳռһݡ
Ҷ̫æǶǰˣҪǷֳɶ
ɶһ˭ܿڵͣ˵ʮûءҶŵ˵
ʮꣿǶˡҶ̫Ȼô˵ѾЦ˶仨
ҶͷûɶʾҲһӲΪ
ɣһճɸһ󷿺ͶһɣʣһҸš
˾ûԻȥϢ

֮ũ˴඼û¸ɣԹ緹Ĵյһ˵лǴɹ̫ŮֲͣЪƣСȥ
ۼĿҶҵİŶʯĥߣɶأ
ҶҶͷ֡
ء
ɶ˵𣿡
֪Ҫȥ򣿡
˵Ͷһһ˾ʹӶϷĶǽתƵʯĥԱߣܿΧһȦ
˽
Ӵ峤϶ڣⶹǺ
ǰ幫ʹˣײٳš
Ϊ幫Ǵ곤ˣѹһ꣬ѵõǣǻѣǻ𿩡
ҶɩûΧĶֻղ迪ʼ
ԭ˵أȶһһɶ˱ǶʱѾûÿڣڳӡ
ǶҶֻ̫ͷһΣȻ󽫼붹ݳȥһһǲܹÿ˶ܳһڡ
峤ͼλϵһһ룬幫綼ˣôЩõӣԵĶȫˮһζûһ̾ˣҧζҲãʹʵѺòˡ
ͻõһʱ䣬Ϊ˻סȴû뵽һ˶ûߣƵڵСûģһ߹Աߣӣ޲߹һߡ
Ҳû˴ǣߴٵ˸տھͱǶ˻ȥֻס졣
һãҶɩõʼֶ߷ֱߵⶹóԣҶ˳ҲóԣԶ˰ӽ
һܵһԼаƴĶ
ⶹҼȹĳǲģҲǶһݣ֪ӣһ򡣡
Ǯͬ峤µģһӶũ˵Ȼ࣬ͲܲܽǲͶ
Ҫ˷ӻզ
Ҷɩ̵ģصԵҼѧѧΪֹ
ԥ峤ͼλϵͳ˷ӡ
һǿڣͷҼСȥѧ


10 Сɽ
ϢҶҴȻ󲨣һӿɲ٣ũһ굽ͷеĽһҲһӶһ㣬һ¾͵ȫȥˣɲǡ
ۺģһģϸѰѷӸǣҪɶǮʮʮ̰ġ
и͵ģɲҪ˵峤ͲóǮǶ˵ôãЩҶûҳԡ
ҲдƵģûˣۼҿǳԿʲ˵İǣʱǣǹ¶ĸһܻ
ҶͷЦãڲǵƵĶǵʱˣ
̬ǡ
ȻĻˣһѡȥϾһȷʵ٣ҲᵽͿռҵ׵ĳ̶ȡ
˴峤⣬ܵҲǻ̫ҲӣϾǼиեڴǸԣ˼ҡ
æǮҶǱֳնӣջСϾǲգҲԸ꣬ڻܻЩǮЩֶΪء
һ缦ɹҶ˸¿شʱ򣬸պñ˿
¿ȻڷʵܿĶӡ
ȥնˣ
ҶЦŵͷỹһ죬׼Щȥ
䣬̽ӻãҼҲҪȥϹ䣬ۿԴոԡ
ȱ뿴զ
ҶҲûֹû˵ٻһһ¡
ԼԺӣи˵ʱҲ࣬۵òУҶһ͸ɫ
ǴûЪȥس޳ǽջؼҾͿʼÿæת
Ҷĸ۵ĲУȹ죬ɵúúϢһ£㿴㶼һȦ
Ҷ̫Ҳ˵㵱˵˸úúţͱȥˣϴȥһҲܰš
Ҷеԥ޺ӵǵĿ⣬ǵͷмҪɲС
Ҷ褼Ҷͷ˿ǰסҶĸ첲Ҫ˯
˳ڣǹҪģҪͻС˵
ҶҶ˯£Ҷ褻û˯⣬ʹһҶȻ۵ĹǺ
ǱҶ϶ҲɩȥϢԼʹ뷴ȴϱֻϢģһ§СӾߡ
ߣȥ˯
ҶÿģͻȻʱһ±Ƶӡ
Сĵ㣬ˤ˺ӡ
Ҷɩҡͷɷ򰡣ôЩԸû˵Ǻɵ
ϢϢˣʣµҲûţ첻ֹҪǻ׼ûӹĶȥԼ
ʱҲû˵ֽŶܿæˡ
Ҷ̫ɫ磬ĨĨߡ
һ˼ңͨ˼һĸͬǼҴǹ⼦۸ЩС󣬵ΪǼҸسһʳݹϵ
Ҷ̫ǼһֻཱུĹȫˣ˲ӡ
Ҷ褱Ϊ˯ţȻ͹ԼСӵ壬֪ʲôʱͳ˯ȥҶ𴲶û
ֱһ˵ζ˯ֱ
Сˣ˯һʱˣϻ˯˯̽⣬ž֪ˡ
ҶǰššҶ褵ıӣֽʸӸ
ˮһҶ褲ѹҶǣߡ
ˣϽ˷
Ҷ̫һŲ׺;׵׷ӳҶӼĿתضţҶ̫ĻܣһСɽͳڿϡ
СɽҶҴ帾˵ֺòˣΪɽɽȻɽĢʢļڡ
ϳˣһ˶Ҷ褱ʾһһغӪ⡣
û˵æų⣬Ҷ褰ԼڣϲԼͷҶĸÿӽʣµļͷԼԡ
Ҷ̫ʱͷЩʣҶҨһ׷ϣ跹ζȷʵ㣬һһڷҶ褳һķ
Ҫ֪ũõɲСƽʱֻܳһ룬³ô࣬ӶʱŵЩܡ
Ҷĸ߸ӱ߽ѵԼĶԼ֪ܣôһŻզ
Ҷ褿Ҳ֪ΪɶԵʱûоóŵܣŲ
Ժת˼ȦȥéޣžԼ١
л˵
ΪҪѹ˰񵥻ظ3000ĸ


11 Ȳ
ڶһ磬ȼҶͷӣҶ϶ޣд󷿵Ҷһ˹ʰö¿ߡ
ڼҲɣǵøׯڽˮҪԺֵĲʩʣ²١
˵ҶѹʱʣһˣֲֵĴ·߳ÿɻľߵļߡ
˰˰͵عϡ
˵ļʳʳ˵ǼʳʵǸɰͰ͵ĶһЩ߽ϡ
ҶʱԼ̽ͷһ꣬ȥ׽£ϰˣµ۾мˡ
Ҷ褵ͷųţһӵʱͳ緹
ҶﻹŸӣҲ֪ǴĶġ
ӿɶ࣬Ҹطڶڳһѣ֦ĵľͳɡ
˵ű֦Ҷ
ҶһǹĵطһˮԱߣʮʪټյҶůֳʪطá
ҶӴʱѾʼ򾣬ʱڵš
Ҷ룬Աּ˸֦֦һÿƵļ򾣬˵ⷨٶ治һһ£ܿװһ򾡣
Ҷƣԭȷʵ࣬Ҳûôడֱ㷭һܿһҲû룬ֻΪû˵ץ򾡣
˼趼ˣȻؼһˡ
·ϴŵժҰ˻ҶݣҶԶãһϵã˴Сʶ״ʵ
ѽĶץ򾣬զˣ
ҶָָԼĵطԭǵطûץ϶ˣһھǡ
ҶݿͷԸҰ˶ڵͻؼҡ
ȲˣҲûժ꣬űû֣Ͻȥɡ
˽Ϣ
صҲŷֽץеֻ࣬ôҲԲ꣬û취ֻȰͰǻɹɸɡ
֮ǰǿ֦Ҷ쳣ï
¹ȻҶ˵Ȳˡ
ȲΪһɫëʮƶó󣬵ζ治һˮܳԣʮִˬ
ֶûͣӹûɵѿҶѾſϲˣר֦Ҷժ
緹ҶĸģʣµļҶժȲˡ
󣬼Ӹձ˯ҶҵĴžͱˡ
һ򿪣ͷһԷޣҶĸһ£кǿզˣ
ǿҲǿϱæӦһ߽
ɩӣǶӲҪһǮӵġ
˵ŻҰڿϡ
ǿĹĸҲˣһͬһطģҹĸȴȻ෴
ǿＫʵһӳ󣬺ִǮȢϱòܹϺӵʱȴ۹ȹˡ
ǿϱϥֻһӣڿҿҸɻһ굽ͷҲӡ
ˣզ
ǿ޽ҰڿϣҶĸϽܾҲˣҶҴҾƶģһӶ֪ôͳģһֻҰʵǲա
޶챿ģǿϱҪǿЩԴЦǰɽץģҲû⣬ӳա
ȥԣڷӣһøǡ
ǿĶӣʮ꣬ʮֹɣ︸ĸڴǱ˼ҵĺӡ
˵Ҷĸæˮ͹ȥ
ϴ¶ǮóǴ׹ϣĹҵģżصӣС˵ûӣͷһǧǮ
˵˵СˣȻʮ˵һܶһǧǮ󲿷ʱ򶼵õһǧܻ
ʵǮ֣Ϊ˰ǷһƨɵծɷԼţƵĸôЩ꣬ſծ꣬һǧǮҲ޲ŵġ
ҶĸӹǮӣûΪһ˰ɡ
ͷ֮ǰҰ£Ҷĸֹˡ
˺Ϳ뿪Ҷҡ
ǿںϷмǰ˰Ǽæȥ֪жҲǼҵĺӡ
ϵͷ뷨Ǹɷ̫һǼڴ˵ǳ£ֵ˶ûУҶǴգܸҶҵĺӹϵõ㣬պҲ˰顣
˱߱С̸ʱͻȻһ̱
Ӵⲻֶ𣿡
ﻰǵҶŴˣ
⻰ǿɫӲҵ̫̫ȻǴһطģԸԭҲʲô£֪أ̫ǸȥǰһξͱһΡ
ֿ̫ǿҰΪҶҸģּʵǵʵݣҶҾȻҰá
ǿüǰԼġ
̫۾һתŶԭ⼦ûɶⰡĶģ
Ͼһ쵽ɷ㲻˵һҪȥʱ䲻ˣϽ߰ɡ
˵գɷߣ߱ߵǸӣ´İﻹ¡
Ҳ̫˵û˵СһûӰˡ
̫ͷҲأޡһһϿӡ
ֵߣҶԺӵʱ£ҷ޲Ҷӵİɣ
뵽ɵʿˮǿһӰѽдɵӸҶǮıģԼϣҪ׬ǮĻզܰǮָ˰
뵽⣬ԺﶼǱˣֻһ˿ҶҵĻ˼
˱һشҶſ߹


12 ڼ
ǿ֮½½ҶҽǮҶĸһаӡ
Сİ¼㣬ҶҴʮ˼ңа˼ҶԶȤˡ
պǮȥ죬ɻզû춼ˡ
ҶҲڷĳͷ£һ׿ȥ·Ͻǣǰ·ˡ
˵ܲٲܲٵ䣬ͿҶͷ¿ƿţ¿϶ɲ٣Ҷĸ΢š
֮ǰȥĶӣװֻǼСӯ˫ںڣƤëҲȫڵġ
Ҷ褼ԴеӡֻӦڹǼ
ȻҶָֻ̫˵켯˼רģѼ˵ţ򣬼۸ΪʵݣǾ˵㡣
⼦ɶڼԥ¿Ǳߵزʣ˵ӪһĸţҲܸǲӡ
Ҷ̫ĻҶ褵Ǳţˣţ̺̿ʳȥˣֱӺȣӪֵҲܸߣǼ񻹳Ʋϸԣֻʱźĸţ˵ݰݡ
ɲǴȥϵĶҪ֮ǰ֮һʱǿͰˡ
ż½½һԺ
ûȥԷ극Ŀʼʰࡣ
кȲˣ
ȥɵģ·ǷأŪһӡ

ǱҶĸûҰӴ򿪣ԼĴ󹫼ڼֻӷ˳ֻ϶׽Žʳ˹ȥ
ֻһ;ȵĿʼʳ˿ܳԾǺõģɶԣӲԼˡ
ҶӶǶ۰Ͱ͵ĶڼҶĸײ
ɶʱܳԼ
ҶĸԿЦãҶӵԴ⼦ǳһʱء
ҶӶʱʧˣҪܾð
һպýζԻҲˣۼҺҲûԺȣզͲ
ҲָҶ˵Ȼ漴תͷҶĸ˵ү̽ȥһˡ
ҶĸͷϵΧȹժҴ뿪
ҶڶԽ档
Թ棬Ҷĸѽӵ˵һ飬Ͱ˻˼ң
Ҷͷº̸ˣдŷӳɣǹʱǣ˳ǰһ鶹
Ҷʶü֣д򵥵ķӻǴ´ࡣ
Ҷû˵ͷռϵĸԣ˼Ҵ۽硣
ﲻĽ
ûɶ£̴ͷһͷţ಻ͬƷֵļ˵۸󣬵ţֻͬһͷҪǮͷţᣨǧǮ
ţҲСڸ֡ͨ䡢̵¶ٲӰ۸Ѿʵݵˡ
ңٸƶţɷҲΪϿϽţʹţҲҪٸܽ׸ϼûţͨ඼˽¹Ϸˡ
μһͷСţӣΧۣ֮ǰҶĸ򲼵ǻҾ֮һ
ǼֱӰԲһͷţֻһȻһʱᶼǣǸˡ
ȻǼҵĶҲ˼һ벻ֹҪˣ»ôء
һĸ˼ң֧سڻڴӦ֧
ҶͷǼӡ󣬡̫үǴˣ꺵֣ͷʩ෹񣬲֪˶ˡ
Ҿ˵ǴӾģôЩΰѿزƥҵҲû˸Ҷֽš
⻰Ҷ𾪣һ֧ôԣس֧Ǹ
ҶԭЩ͵̬˲䣬ǼĶĶ·ء
䣬˱ɢˡ
Ҫ˯ʱҶͻȻڣȹӼǮˣǼҲˡ
Ҷһ䷿мݣԷͶߵ䷿סںҶһңұҶһҡ
źӳԭ´ķȷʵס
һãͱһӣӶľͿסˣһ䷿䣬ÿ䶼СеûУʮֱ
ʱ۸һ䷿СķҴЩҾߡ
ҶСΨһŮľģس￪˸ľӣרŸҾߣǾ⣬سиֽʵĺ
Ҷڿϣȴڿռֵʱ䡣
ڿиԼķ䣬Ǹ˯ͬһ䲻ãȷʵ㣬ϾҲʮ꣬ûз
ѹǳʵΣȻֻһ˵Ρ
Ӿ¿ʼչδҲ֪ʲôʱ˯ŵġ


13 붹
³ɹ½ڡ
ԸĵĴ죬ʱҼһ̯ɹ·졣
سǵҶҴ·ϣʱһ
ˣͷԼĪ֮꣬ݶֹء
ӹӵƤˮң̧ͷԼ̣ܿſڣ̣ܿ͵ˡ
ߵ׾죬ǴСģ˰ε·п಻
ϸƤıԹ󲮣˵ĳĶжãαҪǲƹ򲻾ˣ
һ԰ЩȴԲȻû˵ɫȻҲôġ
һ࣬ʹߵķ̣ү̳軵ˣǲԿ࣬ҲڿջˣؼҰɡ
ԶһæǸϲٱԹô˭Ҳ֪
תͷнʱȴﳤ̾˵ǼͲˣ˵ϻۣڷܶƲϡ
һĿġ
ⶹ𱬻ԶأǼռһǰ㶼ÿ
ԶĲ˵ͽһⶹͷȫسǣƽиʱʱǲҶҴһ¾ʹһͨĴӱǿеĶ塣
ջңҲмʳسﲢܳŶû״һʳ£ɲ١
ʱǵĿĵҶҴ壬Ѿ½½нһ˼˶ӣÿ絽ڵĥ̶ûͣĥĥ嶼ŨĶ
Ҳе˼Ը˴µḥ̂Ҷ褼ұ֮һ
ǼҳҶ褻ʳ񶹸ɡݵȣѣֻǷѹ
Ҷźǣתȣʱ˵ʵжƷϲĻǶ֭Ķζˮ
Щʳ֮ǿû̴ˣǶա
Ȼν֮ȴΪһ⡣
ҶҪҪȥس̸ʱײʳϰ
ڴõ˸С·
ȵҶңҶĸǵӶһСѿǵݸ·ĺӣֻС۾˲ˣǷŽͬʱл
һϣӱ㱧ȭܵسϿջʳҼҵĲҵżȻ䳢һζζŴһӡ
ҶͷҶһۣû˵
۸治õģʮ»õĳġ
ʮӲˣҶȴ׼ѶôʹȥҪҲõһʱ䣬ٵôЩƸ
˵̸ֻ񣬷¶ȥķҲСϾ˭ûݣһ飬ӹƾزסˣٲܴǼȥ
ҶҲһϸӼһСڿϵҲûʲôԣСɶҲǾúˡ
Ҷ룬ʱʳǴĻԱһЩ
Բüϸس¥ʳûԭһ㣬ǶöǼʳȲɽ亣ζƶڳԣ϶üǮ
ҲȷʵһƴĶǮ᲻ǮһĶҲܻĶһܳһ죬Ҳƶеܻζʱˡ
Ϊǰңⶹ׬ͷһ鶹ԣǰٿǧأ
һ鶹˶𣬹سм˿ڣһһ顭
뵽ĬĬ˻һٳɶĵôô˲ء
ܱ˵ʲô̶ȣ
ҶصһǮ
ĶһҪǮȻһģҲ׬ͷϾʡȥ˹ѡ
ͬ⣬һͬȥ峤̸¡
ӵͷͬ⣬Ҷȥ˴峤ҡ
һڴ峤̸һʱ뿪ʱȻ鲻ϴżЦ⡣
峤Ҳͦãټ˶ӵĴ񿪻ᣬͰ˵ˡ
ԺҶҴĶ·һһسʳһﶹǮڶԼ̣ŶȥɢԼۡ
ǰ߸ЩԵһЩΪһֻýһν˰ܵ˵
Ҫѡ֣ǴԼˡ
˵£峤ͽɢˡ
ҲŻؼܿɢ
ҶмַۼҵĶզ
ҶмּƽϣԾͲ˺ˣԼ
Ψһ⣬سһӣҪ٣
飬Ҷȷʵ˵ȻҪǴûҪⷿ
Ҷͷİ壬ȥһسǣȥլ￴ûʺϵӣ˳ٴűȥҽݽ򿴿
լרⷿĳ͢ţΪг͢Ƚ˽ⷿʵݡ
ҶӦǡ
л˵
ˣԸ˸
һѣ


14 س
ڶϣҶΪҹ̫˷ܣ°ҹû˯ţ𴲵ʱ϶˶ĺȦȻľܣ۾ķŹ⡣
ۿһʱسˣũ岢ܴķչȣسǾͲһˣȻںֻһСسǣҲѾ㹻
Թ緹Ӷ˾ȥ
ͬĴҲˣߣ䣬֪Ҫȥسǣ緹ģֱӴӼӡ
·ϳԣҺʱǣ̵ģ϶ϲ
˶ܸмҶңũ챿˵ʲôģ඼Ϊϡ
ʩʽʱҶҵһˡ
֮⣬Ҷſÿ춼ּͰˮҲ֪˭ģʵʱҲû졣
ҶƴҲû˴ǵǸӲǰѱҶ
ÿ˶˴кбԼ緹͹Ҷûע⣬æӼӿŲ塣
Ҷ褣
ͨسǵ·ڹٵ·ΪƽҶҴںزԶԼĪֻҪʱĽų̡
ߵһʱҶ褾ͱҶڱϡ
ҶһԼߡ
Ҷסȣߣһᵽȥ⽡
Ҷ褵СܸҶȰֻùԹסĲ
Ҷ˵ûӸ߽ų̿죬ǨҶ褵ٶȺ˺ܿԶԶǽ
ƣسΪһţǽҪʯͷһשǽϻи¥ͼ¥ڽйٱѲӡ
λʽѵĹٱţҪһ˾͵ýһǮ˰
ԽΧԽΪܾûôߴĽˣҶ̧ͷںֵʱﲻɷϼָп
ֵܿǮǮܽس档
һҶ褵һۿǹͨϱĴ֣С̷ûй̶ӣƳ⣬һǮ
ֻͨһҶ褾ܶ϶ʱҵΪ
Ҷɫȥشȥլ񡣡
Ҷ褵ͷү˳ŴǰԼһӡ
һת䣬˲С˼֣ߣ͸ˡ
ںķĴֳַĿ飬ڵأΨһһ˽Ӿ
סլ︻˼ҵլӼһ顣
ϷĿĵأָ˽ӡջҽݵ˽Ӷ
ڶƶˡ
شãǺںΨһһҽݣڼ崫У˵شõĵһڹﵱҽϻڼ翪һҽݻرڡ
ʵѲɿشôҽǼõģС飬سǵĲҽ
˻شãյѵãﲡ˲ࡣ
ҶűӣҽݣһŨҩζ
ҶСտڣ
Сӣŵͷó
ҶҸͱ쵽˻شúԺСǶ顣
Ҷ褾ȵǣȥͦʱˣȻǵǡ
ɫǼСǴ˰ɡ
ӣмοǵҶҸӵԭ򣬾Ǽʵں̫ѵˣҶҶĸԺӷĵ۰Žӡ̡
Ҷмķӣȷʵ˲٣ٸο
ԣҶҶ褱ӣһк󣬲ϸȬˣ⺢ӲЩպɵöע⣬ƫɶɽҩԲ²ʳԺĹϹòҪԡ
ҪȻˡ
費ҪٿӣҶһͽˣԼûܸһ壬Ǳ³ͺˡ
ҿҩӰɣȳһ£Ȼٽиġ
ÿ˸ҩȥǰҩͯץҩˮ壬һ
Ҷ뵽֮ǰȹĿҩ֭ӣٿ򿪳ҩʱ˲ͿҩζʵһѾǿ࣬ᣬ¶ǡ
ҩͯץҩʱ򣬻дһҳעʲôܳʲôдװס
Ҷĸ첲ż͵Ȼ󲿷ֵֻʶ¶ܲ³˼ܲڣоԼ͸Ƶģ·һ顣
ҶΪǶˣһͷ˰ɣһ۾ȥԷ
ҩͯץܳ԰µҩ⣬Ҳ㻨ӣ֮⻹пķã۵Ҷ졣
Ҷ褳ѩɰ⶯ҲѿҩͯʧЦСϵǮء
Ҷ۰ͷǮС£彡Ǵ¡
ˣҶԾǱ߿ҶǮ߰̾Ǯ治ʱũҲһҪͿԼȥҲû취
Ǯ壬ҶҩȻǣҶ褵ߡ


15 
Ҷ˵̯֧Ͻ֣û棬Ϊ۸ʵϣϽֶм
ҶϵզˣӴС濡㣡
̯һԷޣɷճ£ӸӶߣҶĿԼһһ㣬߳µϴĸɸɾָ׼⣬һ֪ˡ
⺢ӻ㡣
Ҷ뿪˸СҶȥ⽣鷳ǰæһ¡
̯ӹӣЦɶ鷳ġ
Ȼ˳ſ˲࣬䡣
Ҷ죬֪Ҷ̯س޳ǽʱʶģʱ̯ڳǽ֧˸ˮ̯һǮͿˮǮ
һʣѾ
õǺ룬һ˸ǮͷԼжʮ⽣Ƥڶ࣬ƵŴ̵Ĵлһͽʳָ󶯡
Ȼ˵⽣ҲֻܳһĭˡȻζ⽵ҲãûһƤġ
ˮĳȥȫˡ
Ȼһ⽿϶ҶԵģҪðӣϴıӣȹ֮ƫӲŵζȷʵԽԽ㡣
ҶСθС⽳֮ͱˣʣµҶԲˡ
ȳ극֪ҶҸȥլ̯룬ʵسլӻӣ
Ҷش𣺡׼Ҫкʵľӡ
̯һӣⲻҼھҵĵȥأҪȥ򣿱Ĳ˵飬լܱ˲٣ǵҲȥλôСʣΪѾ̸õˣûɡ
Ҫ뷨ʹȥ
а̯ӣ
˲࣬һҼҴžС
˼̸ˣ̯ϱ˵һȻŸߡ
߱˵ھһ˶ã̫á
Ҷϸ˵˷µ̯ھлͣеһһŮһסһ𣬼иӻ̣ÿĽ㹻˷ӣǵҸ
ȻȥʱлﻹϱӳŹڣ˹ӣкûһŮûߣпͷͷ۵ĺ֢
һͥȫˣлʹûת䣬ΪԼӳȥŵ±գ˼ҹ룬ûһ˾ûˣҲãԴӺӲ֮󣬾ͲˣʱʱҪܶӽӣϱ˵ÿϴ棬۾Ϲˡ
һڣĸҪҩлûģһ֧ңҲûʱٿֻ꣬Űѵȥ
ǵ治лҲͦá
̯һ仰ܽᡣ
ҶҲͬлͣײʶǵ̲ʻǲǿ
һֱȥҪĵ̣λȷʵãüʮ·м䣬кܷͬʱҲȱͦģﶼ
һأܽܡ
ҶҸһžͿлͣǸ˹ĿӣߵͬʱҲݣֲݣնݵİ˽ȥ
æӭȥ
Ǵ˻ܵʱҶѾʼ۲ڻ
Ǹ͵ӻ꣬˹̨ؼӣĶ࣬ѾĲˡ
ҵһ㶼ңͷ
лʹǲιһ̣ȷҪ⣬жǡ
һģðһ
Ҷ㣬ģǰң۸ȷʵߣʵݣҲЩ⶯
ʳ𣿡
ЩԸȥʳҪÿѬǵģ޽涼ûۿˡ
л׵ԣֻҪעⲻҪˮɡ
Ҷл˵ؼҸһ£ٸ𸴣лͬˡ
뿪֮󣬸̯
ȻҶûش壬תȥ˵լ
СҶ˵л˵ôã֮ǰҪǣ۶ҼӣһлҲҲ
Ҷ褶νδ
լǳ͢ķԴȻ٣ҶνǮ¹٣Ҳ൱ִԱĴ£ļ档
۸˵ҪİģҪһӣȱ㣬˵лҵ档
뿪سǵʱ̫Ѿ¡


16 ±ζ
ںس˽Ҳͬһ𴲣лҪڼҳԹæţеЩȥֱߵʳ̯ʳʳ
ڵʳðỤ̋ǵӰڸסˡ
İͷϣһǮһͷǮһϡ
Ⱥˮ糿һգ
һȫʳСֲ̯ͬζʳһ𣬳ֳһ˼̻ͼ
ͷһࡣ
ϡ
ǮϣǮڵͷͬʱĻܣͻȻͷ̯Աߣһ֮ϡ
۾ſҡҶ±ζ
Ӵɶʱ¿˼ӣ
ͷ˹̯Եûôɣ
˵ͷϣȥȥسǣŻ
̯һ˦ëֵǾͶˣҵǰҵģͷЩ±ѼͷѼѼ֮ġ
Ǳ߽ϰܺóԵĶȥ
ԭе棬һ˵Ǳ߽˲ȱȱĲ˵Ѽٱ˶ûҪôһζ
ɲô˵Ҷ±ζζãؼѼѼ֮ļ۸񻹱ˣƶ˼ҧҧҲ
̯䣬пӣһ仰߿ͷѽ㳢Ǽ翪ţȥ˿ɾûˡ
˳ͷ࣬ɷϵģ˼ֺ档

Ҷĸ컹ûʱˣһӿҲûɶԭ򣬾ҶֻǷʶΪ˼ʼӶȥ˴˽ӡ
ҶҲڵæ˺СͰ±ζóеУð̵Ị̇ǵĶŨζҲð
ҶΪʱޣֻ׼һ±ˮƫĺ±ݵ˵ĿζζЩ
һ±ˮΣڳɱ˵ǱȽϵ͵ġ˵ǳ±ʮ궼ỵֻǻȱЩϣʮ±ʱ
С㣬˯ţһȥҩϣٰϡҶĸ
Ҷϲͣ˵⸱ҩ͸ûˣһһա
Ҷĸе㷢񲻹ž£ȴһ㣬ó档
ɲǣͷó޻ʵ㡣
л±ζҲڷˡ
ʱҶ˹۾ⷬӾʹͷֻһµҶ褱һɵó˿ɻرѡ
ǳ˹Ҷ룬ѱΧһȦȰѱӱѹסڱӵİ´£һֱȵӦߵ¶Ⱥ󣬲ƿڴߴЬ
ˢʱҲգűᣬŵ˼±ζһ˿˿ζɵÿҪҩѽ
ҩ࣬ȷʵЧǰֽűôůȣηԴӺҩ˲٣ûôˡ
ܿͽҶ褲ľȻһɵԲУڳСָ׸ôĸ״壬ȺͿϡ
һַƤѵҩ࣬ʲôصֻΪҶƤۣÿʱֶѣԼﳣ
лѵڼ䣬Ȼ󣬵ǹסǴ´ࡣ
ҶĸҶ߳æõ˳
СԲϲһһͰ͵İ࣬һ͸Ƶͷ̲ˡ
Ҷ£Ҷƿ߽ﻹ
쳢͹ʼ˵߿Ŀǣ°ɾҶ
Ҷ褲̫ԵƣܾҭûţҶȴΪӪܾʣĵƿҲġ
Ǽûʳ޲ĹأҶҧ°¾ʽȻ󿪿ڵԺ٣ѾʼѼǳɣǾͲĴطˡ
±ζѾ£Ҷϣ±ζܺãÿ±ʮѼﶹǧţһЩɢزˣЩ϶⡣
Ҷĸ룬ʵǮɻ֣
İɣǼʱ˲ӣѼټ϶ϣá
Ҷļۼ𣿡
Ҷһڰ࣬ˣ˵۴Ǳ׳ģʱɱ˳⣬ģҵ˼ҡ
ۼҵ±ζֹ±Ѽ±⣬ֻҪ±ˮӣ±ζ±Ѽȫͬζһĺá
һǴ⣬ɱȼѼĶ࣬±⻹±ⷹϰ±ͼƬˣζ
ȫ¶Ǳⲻ˵ͷ±ˮӣҲܽ䣬һ£ִ͡
ҶͲ
ûʺ±ζƬƬ̹Ӿͺˣһ̣û취ȵţ̵£ҲǸѡ
ţڳߣҲ֪ûͬĹЧ
Ŀһװ˶࣬ҲǸģһߣĻӦҲɣҪ󲻸ߣøһ߾͹ˡ
Ҷ㣬һͷȥѰһ£ļСУҪǼǮʣͷ
˵һ̾˭뵽ǼҾȻ˵أҲŹ˼£ͷ·Ѿ̥ǡ
ԹԺĶӣһ̾޻ﶼǺôأ˵׼Ҳ޻۵ԭԭ˵ۼˣ⡸ۡ޻һ˵֮ͬ⡣
뵽ҶԲñ£޻ۻðա
Ҷ褿ɲ̶֪һ뵽ĶȥˣԸɾһС࣬ȥˢ룬ȴ˳
ô˵ˣôˮɱҩƼˣ΢һȥҩˡ
ҶֻĳȥҶҩ˽
һڻƵĿҩ֭ӣűӹȥȥ֮󻹰ͷ˳·ܼζ
ҶбۿЦҩҩԽõԽ졣
ô˵ȴӶóһǣҶ׼õġ
ζǳЩ۸ȴѿǹũ˶òʵݣȻҶ褾ϲǵζҶʱǡ
ҩԼ͵ʱ䡣
ҶƿţҶĸվ̨ߣ˽Ȼ֪ǳӲ̡
Ÿտв˼
𼷰ңҪĿѼѼơ
Ҳǣٸ鶹ɺһѰײˡ

ҶҶĸֽˣһӿôˣæñǼð
һһݣѵ±ζ˲ȥ٣Ҳæʱʣµĵͳɡ
ʱ磬û緹֮ǰ˶Щ±ζؼңһоһòˣżĴԣܳء
żˣ±ζҲһ¾Ʋˣкһ㶼ס
𼷡
±ζֵĿ˺òײŴĦȺＷͦӲǳһͷ
ֽʱԹһ㶼ʣˣһ¿ˮȲؼңָһѼŽ
ζ
۾һ¾ֱˣ̲סվ˼ſڣԸ±ζȫˡ
ſտյֽζһζɵֽŶӡ
ʱиˣҪ߾ͿЦҲ±ζˣģûƭҵζüˡ
ԭ˾ϵͷ̯ʳ͡
ʳͿֽϣζȷʵüˡ
л˵
ϰϰŬ£壡


17 
ųԹ±ζԽԽ࣬Ҷ±ζҲԽԽ㣬һֱڣ˶˵سһҼζ±ζꡣ
˲ţֻҪǳһҶ±ζˣ֪ȷʵʵ
ˣҶÿ춼ҪĴջȻ͵
Ҷϴ¿ȥسǣ̵ģԣ٣˵ٶɣÿ춼ܳȣǳһ±ζپ͵Сƣ
磬ȥسǣ
·ͬһԸŮҶϴϳ˳·һΡ
ǰ
ҶϴԿ˿ϵͷŵɱõļѼи߲ˣǴӸģÿ춼Ҫȥǲȱԭġ
ڳϵŮҶϴͬĴɵĽԭҲǲ֮䣬ȴһˡ
ȥĶ
Ҷ⻰Ȼ㻹֪ɣҲǣ֮ǰ»ûû⴫ҼҴ˵£ԷҾسǣ¶ʮ³壬ȥЩɢ
˵¶ҫ
˵żŮȢޣǼȢسĹҫġ
سĹﾹܿǴ
ҶϴϹϲͬʱҲơ
׸ûϵ˷سſҲˡ
˽˰¿ڿҿҵҶ±ζߡ
һСĹ㵽ˡ
ţҶֵཻһˡ
һжãǮ򣬵۾˾˼ֻһһĸͷĸˣǱ̺ˡ
Ҷϴ˵꣬ȰĴҶ褵ͷʱ۾˾˵ˣӺٺò
ҶصﵹǸһÿ챸±ζꡣ
еʱ︻˼һǲ±ζкЩû򵽡
ԣۼһٶЩѼ𣿡
Ҷϴ룬ۼջڸĴԶյࡣ
ԼֳܹϾͺˣҶ褰룬ȻԺ٣ɲ̫ЩǾ͵ýֳˣ֪ܷɽ
ܰҲպˣϾѼֳҲҪʱ䣬õĽ취Ǵũջ
̸£Ҷϴ뿪ȴͻȻԶ춼ˣզؼңԽԽȻߡ

վҶ±ζſڵһС࿴˿⸽Ҳûˣ˭
ܿ˾֪ˣֻսǴһλľգͷүү֡
¶ͬʱӿŲ߹Ҷ褾ͿʼԹԵ˵Ǹ˵˲ҪİզүүĻˡ
Ҷһ±ƵıҶǣء
λǣ
ȻүүȴûҶֻҶ褣̺͵ﻹڼء
ҶôʻүүҲֻһ仰˵
⣿
뵽Ҷ褺ܿعζڱҶӣСǲлĸף
ҶҲмֲ²⣬л͵ĽӴ࣬Ҳûˣ뵽ѽʱ˵ײˣ߰˷ȷݡ
Ӧл͵ĸû
ȻûһսǴִٵĽŲǽڼôԼܳˡ
һ£ɫްЩǱлȻûеһμʱ侲
ԼڵſվסŲɿȭǸ߶Ÿλˣҵû˼ǹӡ
˵겻˷ӦС常ףⲻۼˣڼȥء
⻰һлүүڲٶҶ褣ûлͷŹߣҲģʹ£ҶҲӰɡ
ʱһλ㲣ȴļŮҴҸæסлүүлͶһ۵ȴүүؼҡ
Ӧл͵Ůл
л͵ͷҶĿ뿪
Ȼлһ¹ڣٴǸûŵɣ»Ҷֶ
¡ҶҶ褵ͷ
лͼĽȻܿƽɱҶš
ɵְҶԼǱҲ£޷Լʲôӡ
ſھʣҶ˵ʱҶϴûס䡣
Ҷ˵˵Ȼ̾ӲˣŲ£лֵܵϱÿ춼ҪȥһţÿζһĿ϶ûġ
ٸʵµĿ̫ˣҲ֪ǺںһңǱسҲˡ
ҶԵ뵽˼£㻹ǲǵøǸߵСҲȥ꼯ϵ£Ѱ˼ǲͬһµ֡
ʱһ£Ҳûпܡ
ҶɩԶףӶˣҶҴҲҹûҵһ˿ټǹŻ֡
Ȼʹ޹ӣǼȲǹٸֲ֮ʿҲ̸ֻܷˡ
ÿضӣӿɶöע⡣
֮ǰҶص
ҶϴǲĴĺӣǴ弫⣬ָİף͵ýʮ˴
Ҷ褽ݵʱ£ʱžû鵽𣿡
ٸС֪Ҷǣ֣ǧܳ˸ĶɥĵĹڳʳɺҩһԾ˯ȥˣܰߡ
Ҷ棬һ㶼ûܡ
Ҷһ˵˵˺ܾãһֱҶĸδͣ졣
ûҶյ˴ҶҴӭ׵ϢҶ͹ġ
ɵûȥ֣ҼҴСʱ򻹶һ
һ£˵Ѿʮ꣬ҶĴҶϣںӱߴ㣬ûһûվȾͻˣȻͱˮ³壬ҪҶ·ˮ롣
ҲΪо֮ڣÿҶ϶ȥҶһͷԭҶҶףҶûͬ⣬Ҳ֮
ҶȻû飬ʾԼȥ
ҶĸҶҪߣæֽ˵±ζȥûȥϻʣ㣬㲻ȥҲԲꡣ
ҶûƴǵҲͽˣ´ʱӼ͹
һҪشҲͦɣдֽϣȻһԿһգ
ش֮ҶҶ̫һôˣզȵٻܵס磿
ҶЦⲻ𡣡
Ҷ̫ҲͱԹһ䣬Сһһ˭ˣܿ¼ůůӡ
һ뼦ϸ棬ϻһŶ԰пļСˡ
ҶζֻԼѾԱĶֿʼ
θޣֻӵ˼ԡ
Ҷϡ棬Ҷĸ̫Ҳͺ
˿ʼģҶʣϸ׼ļҵģզ֮ǰһϢû
˵£ҶҲе֣ҶɩˮصҲ֪ǼһûŮ˵س￪ʳģϸȥͶʱϣ˴˶⣬¡
˵ô˵ʵƲġ
ʳ
ҶȲĶ˶٣ǸѲϵˡ
ǰɣϸӣɶ¡
⳯ôƽŮĴ⣬ҳ޴ӷǶҶϻԿ
Ҷֵܱ䣬ȴҶ̫ȥ˯ˣʲô˵ģôˣǲ˯ӻ˯أ
Ҷ˯֮ǰúһõҩҩģ˵û֮ǰô࣬ȫȲܸоһζ
Ҷӿҩɵӣҩ̫ˡ
Ҷ褱ʾԼҲͦҵġ


18 Ժ
Ǹĵ̫ϣ⣬ϵֲҲ̰ѵõů
Ĵ칫ɵϸһһ峿ĵ
Ҷ˶½½ˣҶҲ⡣
˻
͵ˮϴָϾͱһ飬æ
͵ֻʵʵȥպõˮϴˣϴˮǽǣûһͽһ㱡ı
ݵʱҶ˳˿֮Ժӡ
ҶڵĵطɽżǼҺһ˼ҶûʱȦ˲ٵؽγһǳĺԺ
ԺмһرѳΪ˵أҶ̫ϱЩͺ߲ˣײ˺֮ܲ⻹Щдˣһ˵رϸܵդΧסֹ͵ԡ
ߵǼѼʮֻǰҶڡģһѧķʽƵģڷǳƽᣬҲڵһ㵾ݣȻ󽫼нֳ
ѼҲ࣬ǵ϶һС϶ľ塣
Ѽɲɣ˵ѼͲˣÿ춼Ҫ˸ȥˮһȦʱ򻹵ڵݶظëϵˮֲܽǽѼᡣ
ӣͷֻһһĸͷԵÿտЩͷҲǱ׳ٹһʱֻͿԡ
˵ôԺζţȻҶҲͬǶڿˣﶼһһһзͣҺֽǺʺϵķϣ꿪ѷʻǸ˵ʩʶǸѡ
ټϱ߽߱ǽҲһЩŨֲζȻӣǲܽܡ
Ժס˵мһשǽһԲεĶΪڡ
סĵطûд󶯸ɸ꣬߶˼ӣúеطס
ԺǰԺҪСЩֻг䡢éޡ񷿵ȹܷ
ͬʱмùդԱߣЩҶͷµģҲ֪ǲƷˣƻûӡ
ǳڵϽ⣬һؽѣ洢ʳ
ܵһ㣬ǼҾռнһĶĵء
ҶԼҲһ·䣬ԼĪʮƽף﷿ߣֻһǽΪԼ˯Ӧǽϻţǻͨġ
ӿʼŹȥ£ٶ治
Թ緹ǿʼæµΪ˲ǣӱһʱ䡣
ҶΪûԾľϣʼ˼ʲôǡڴʱҶͻȻܹΪӳԵúãۿɼ˲٣ɫҲˡ
Ҳȥ֣ϴϱļױ˵Ѿ͵ˡ
ѹνġޡ˵Ůӳʱ޵ļױҪɴ˱˸ǰСϰ-ɹױ
ӭǰŮȰѼױ͵зױԽŮżҵԽߣżԽЩױŮ˽żҲ˽Զã˺룬ЩױҲҪŮȫߵģŮЩױֻŮŮܶá
Ҳͯϱ/λµԭ֮һϾûмױкܴĿ˶Ǳ/޼ġ
ݣϴϱļױܷ񰡡
ҶҲЩ棬ûͬˣ˵һȻͺСһϵ˴ڣϴϲµýָ̧ŵȥҶϼ
ȷʵ٣ü̧˺һء
ҶĪϷ˵ʮױ
Ҳɹױһ˵ôǼƥ޲ټԼҴļҾߣڼܳЩģ߼ЩģһΣٶҲûˡ
Ϸ˵ʮױǰͷһ̨Ѿ˹һ̨ûӹء
ƶʵ벻һʢ
ڸպչȥã˴󲿷ֶڴڵĥĥӣⳡýľͿʼ˽
˵ʵĽе㣬Ǿûеģһӵˣǵۿñ˺õģһ㶼ŴܹúãοǴΪգҼҶòҲûɶĲƽġ
˼˶ǵ˵ˡ
ҶҵǽһŸס
ͦãϸǸúӣȻϲ̫˵ʵϣСڳ׺϶ܹúá
ɹױһСɢֻҶˣҲ¡
վǽǣҶѯҶ褵֮ȥس𣿡
ҶҡͷȥˣҵҶȥҺڼ
ҪԽԽ²٣ȱˣټҶлͶӱһȻ£˲׼ٴҶȥسǣڴȫ
꿪ҾҪȥ˽Ӷˡ
ҶԸҶĽԭҶֱȥںԺɵģҶ褲֪ΪζԿƾٲǺܸðֻϼ֡
Ҷͬڴ˽ɣպٿǷпƾٵ츳УҹҲùϿûУԣ֮Ҳõ
Ҷǰһ仰ʱЦɻûȫֿأһ仰һ¾ͿˣɸĲ
Ҹ˵ɿˣϵָǻʶҵұ飬ûԣûݲ٣ǶǶģ
˵ʱϵķ⻹£Ҷǳ鴤
ҶҲ͵ɲǣҵҲô˵ڣÿұҵҪƨɵʱ̾ͻ˵Ķӻ򶴣˵ֻҪôһ˵ҵͲˡҲԣҾЧ
Ҷֳ˳飬رǿҶһԳӣоǶ鲻ˡ
ΪҶԵƨɺ룬æ⡣
һбûûеĻһȥѼӷˡ
ҵҶ԰Ҷӳˡ
Ȼʵ֤ҶˣҶԸûֹûǵúϻؼңУûԷʱ򣬰Ǿһûѧ
Ҷͯ
ۣҪҾͺˣ־Ѿ˰ɣ㵽䶼զӱˣҲ֪㵽˭
ҶͯĺƮ𣬿Դðˡ
ҶͯϱԲˣһ̣˭ңӲ̸֮䶼ᱳˡ
⻰һ䣬Ҷͯ˵ʲôֻܳϱתʱ䣬ΨСŮҲ
ϱʱʾԼʲôû˵Ȼӱˡ
һʱͰҶԸˣʮ־ȣĵû뵽Ӹ⻹á
ڶͰ龰Ҷϸϸһ顣
Ҷҵķͦðɡ
Ҷֱֱͷðһʱˣҵ±Ѽóԣҳ
˵ǡ
ҶʮҶԵļ򣬡ɱˣãǸģʲô
ҵͯҡҲͯ˵˵žʶ̿ʼҡͷԺԸӣҲҪһֱ顣
ʮſͯһ뵽Ҫôõ飬ֱ򺮲
Ҷ褼״Цõת˻⣬ˣǶǶˣôôԶ
Ҷͯϥ¾ôһӣ벻ҲԼܾģСأ겻꣬СƱˣһһͷڲԸ飬ȹְˣھ¾


19 
˵´ﻹвۣǰǾũҺûݣ黹ɵ
Ҽҳֵأ⣬ǰѶͳһʳҲҪ˻ܲһֱñ˰ɣҪԼŶȥˣǶٶҪϼ֡
ʵһˣĲÑǱīֽ⣬һһεĸϿ·Ѻ͸ָ룬֮ǿƾºܹ󣬶ǵ顣
ֻΪʶ֣ͲһˣҶͯ涨Ñʵ£ҶҴĴ˵ǺܺģϾʶܱ˻øЩ
Ҳˣ˽ȥҶͯ˼ұԽԽ࣬⵹ΪοȻûð̣֮ģܱȲá
ҶҲû⣬ʹһԼѼһΪҶ褰ÑȥݷҶͯʱҲǸ߸˵꿪Ҷ褾ҪҶӡҶһѧˡ
Щ˵ʵҲ֮ڽģž͵Ҷϳ׵ӡ
Сɫڱ͵ļ֤һأݸã޶԰ݣ붴
⻹ûǺ꽻ƣҪϼǰôлѡ
Ҷ褵һοҶϱر쵰ۣ˵϶Ư˺ֺܵó͡
̬ȣϴЦʲô
ҶϼＫӵĻ£ݺ˰ֻٰϯ
治Ǻ£ûƼҶµֵ۶һ仰˵úãѶǻ֮
ҶҴϯʵǹʢˣȻҶҶֵӣûô⡣
Ǯвȷʵ̫⣬ԭҪǼ޹ҶҺϸø߸˵Ľ͸Ȼһ̽ȴһ׼ûˡ
ϯֵĳɵðһ䣬ЩʶǳģⶹҪܵʱĸʲô¶֮ģо׼үǰ¶һ֣ܴأ˵׼ܵø̵ӡ
һ뵽ˣȺˣƾʲôôܵõӡ
˿ɲ֪Ǯвƶ̶ʱô࣬ǵĸˣһɹ壬ֵ˼͸ˡ
Ҷ褴ʱŷĥϯϺȱ˵㶫ȱɶһʱû뵽
ֱ󲮷룬ź˵ûƲ񫰡
⻰Ҷ褵ʯ뵽ϯϵȱɶȱư
ʱҶɩԼɷһۣеĳԾͲˣ㻹ΪǴж฻ԣأʳôư
ľƶʳ죬С󡢴󡢻ƶȹ﷢Ƴɣ͵ͬʱҲܶ࣬ΪǾơľƾͱҪһȥʣڸС
ʲô¾նۡ÷ӢָۡľǾơ
ȵľͲǾˣǾѹե˺ƣɫζɢζŨġ
Ȼľȴһܴȱ㣬Ǿǲͼ۸ũ˸᲻úȣþʳ
Ҷ룬Ȼؼ˿ռûʲôƵ֪ʶ飬ƲǺö˼Ȼˣ޵Ҳޡ
Ȱ·ĵףļ±һǽ¡
һֵĽ
Ǹظҡ
Ҷ˻ؼ֮Ҷϴȵ˱ˮǼϴ۳Ҳ쵽Ȣˡ
ҶʮˣũһʮףһҲõ˵׵ʱˣ˵ףɻҲߡ
ҶɩĿһۣɶע⣬ǰý˵ףֻ˵ǼҼҷ粻̫ãҸˡ
˵Ҷ̫ǼҲǵ˼ңȢ޻ǼŮҪһҷ磬Ҳ˵ãٲڿ졣
УۿɼĻԽԽ࣬׻˵ݻ촽أһⲻ˿ĿİǵҪסҺˡ
ڷּңǾûģأզּܷң
Щ˶ദܶ꣬ѾĥϹģҪӱȢޣҲ֪᲻ʲôˬ·
ⷬǵͷ
ҶҶĸʱҲǲּ̫ҵģǼҾͱһӣ׻ǵٹ꺢ӴЩּҵҲ١
²ͷϴȥسʱȽȥ˵
Ҷ̫һֱΪкӲԶڼϴ϶ʮʱص˴ȥسﵱѧͽκһ϶ûʲôûѧŶҲǣϴɣľûѧᣬѧһֱգ϶ˣѧ˲ա
˵ۣǼܸɵġ
Ҷֵܷ׷Ӧǡ
ɢˣҶ褼æŰɹõɷŽʳŵʱҶ̾԰ɣʣô㣬Ǿûˡ
ˮɱڲ򾡣
ӻѼӵͷǻϣֶǡ
ǶţµĵûôˣҶ󼦵ѼԹӣ˵ܼѼ͸ѼԣʱѼϰ࣬һ롣
ӻĿһԼ磬ôšǿ벻Ѽӣµĵɶ
Ҷ褵һ㶼ģǻж͹Ƿۣ򾶼ࡣ
⣬˴඼òϣҶֻһ۾ܻ٣㹻ǵˡ
ʵҶҴΪļСǲõڵȻܺãڲҲû¡
ҶҲǣһӾͲˣ̵ĶżѼϣѼǻۣƶҪĺˡ
ӻԼֻ֪Եĸ棬վҶ褰ڰ֣ȥˡ
С飬˼Ҫá
ߣǽ̽һͷҶӣȫҵĹѡˣҪҪһ
ȫҶ˨һһĸǰʱֳɹ˵ȫͳȥǼҲԤһֻ
ߡҶһ̴סˣһֱϲҲƷȮϲйȮҶ˨ҵĹһֻ˾Ȯ
ҶҡҡͷʾԼͲȥˡ
Ҷ·˸߲ҵ˵Ҹȫ˵ˣǼҵһѡɵѡǿ׳ġ
ߵȮһһ̥ʮֻɲ٣ǿ׳ͼֻ
Ҷ˨͵ſڣҶ˹æչ̥ʮֻҿֻˣǸϽѡˡ
һֻɫȮβ죬˵Ͽɰ΢ʮʮ䣬ʱں̵Сë
ʮֻСֻĸëɫǻɫֻ游ëɫǺɫʣֻһֻɫһֻڰ׻
ҶһۿȥͷֻԱֵܴ١
Ӽİ˽̧ͷһ˫ںڵ۾ضǣҶ˨ţŵϤζ¾͵վˡ
һֻɫȮֱ˫צ£°͸̧һĬ־ӡ
ùҶ褲̾һ䣬汲ر£ֻҪúѵЩȮĸ
л˵
ллǵӪҺͶףǣmua


20 ڼ
ҶָмɫСѯʵֻǹĸ
Ҷ˨һۣϲֻãǻӵһģȽźо
˵ظұ֤⹷һùһԺ϶û⡣
Ҷӵߴ󿴵ңÿ᲻ãҶ褿ӣʮ̫࣬Ҫȫߡ
ҪѡֻҶ󹷵ע£ǰֻС׹
ΪճһµԭСƤëرǰַԴϵʱȺͲ͸Ƥë֪ΪΣҶȻһļ¶
ۺͷҶ褵֣ͷһ˫峺ۿ
ֻ
ҶЦĶ׹ȥܵԴԴһ
һ˵ȡһ²ظ͡
Ϊڻǰ˵ҪһֻСԵѡ֮Ҷ˨ֱӰС׹ﱧҶ褻
ССһҶϣЩ֪룬һСľ
ֹֿɰɤﻹ׹ĺ
ֵСؼҵʱҶɩһĶͷԭѾ˰æͷˡ
ǴˣͲһˡ
˵⻰ּæææȥˣΪҶϵµ˲ʱ䣬Ǽпɶûأвá
һСͷŴӲ﷭һӣӵһ㵾ݣȻٰѼ̭̺Ӹ档
Ժˡ
С·Ļһ㣬ССΧᣬȻһԾϣſβƨɺҡš
ȡ𣿡һȻҲϲòУܵһԱߡ
Ҷҡͷûأ˺ö֣òʣ㣬˵һ֪һֻ׳Ĺ
һһ飬شԼ׵ܵܣҺñûͬ⣬ʲôְ
ҶǸˡֱҲ˵ɶ
ҶͽСװɣëɫƫһ㣬պúС׵ɫ¡
һСףͦ˳ڵģҾͦá
ҶҲͷǾͽСˡ
һɶûɣŶԺС档
ΪСڲŸճһ£̫ܳӲʳʱһصذͷļĥر飬ˮϣ֮Űʳ˹ȥ
ũңܸôһ٣Ǻܸԣ˼ˣ˼ι඼Լҵʣǲģ׼ȥԼҳԵģһСģԵóԵûˡ
С׸ǲޣʹʳϳԵ㣬Եδ̧ͷʱϸĵƶĺϡ
ҶɩһСף⹷ͦõģͷһȮҲ͵ˣɽԵʱ򣬸պÿԴϡ
ҶɩԻȮǼ׺ģһܻСģȺ
˵ĴҲǼƽ£ȻǴﻹֲΪÿšʮ·ݣɽɽ죬׳ʱ򣬴ǶԷӣɽժ߲ԡ
Ҳ⣬ϸ´Ѿ֯һνɽҶһҾͲժ˲ĺľĢӣڲԣҶЩСɽɽ֮ġ
ֵҵǣνɽûϴûԱ
ʮ·ݻһɽ죬˳ѩ֮ǰӦû֯һνɽ
컹ýɽһΣˮ㣬ɽĢһһģۿԶһЩɹɣܴ浽꿪ء
Ҷ̫˵㣬Ƚ꣬ҹ϶ܺúóһ١
ҶɩͬͬʱҲѣǵСģȥ겶Եʱ򲻾һͷҰͷҰͲ󣬿ɲһƽ
һȺǸܶܲˣָӦòΪǴԱɽʵ̫мֻҰܺȺû˼ġ
ɽʵɽĶ棬оɽҶɩڵĵطһɽ¾һӣ٣ȫԻ˶ǲԺ֣ǴĹȴ޸ׯˣΪΪʵǿɫû׽ȫҶöӡ
ҶɩĻ׷׵ͷҲɵӣλǰȫһ
Ҷһǰһ̸ɽһ£ڶ֪ͨ׼ɽ¼һɽ
ҶҶϴҶҶȥسǣνɽȻǲ벻ˡ
Ҷ϶ҪμӲԵģõÿ궼ܱȱ˲ɽɽãҲѧȴûһһ׼òʧҲֻܷ
ʣµˣ˼СģҪɽժΪˣѾΪϰߡ
ҶеŸһɽ˵䲻ЦģôûɽأǶСܸʲô¶
ҶĸҲðѼų̂ߵĺӵڼﲻ̫ģһɶզ죬ǰ궼Ǽĺӿǣ겻ֲ̫һҲҪȥժ
һ룬ժĵطʵͦȫģЩ˺ӵСϱϺһȥѺһñϵᣬһ㲻¡
Ҷ̫˼䣬¾ɽʱҪҶˡ
ΪڶҪɽԵҶ̫صһֻѾɵڼˮëɶӽǰɹɵĻĢףֻһΣһζڼˡ
Ҷ̫ɱʱҶӾ۰Ͱ͵Źʱʱһڿˮ
ڼպãڵذҶ̫룬̣ʣµļһϸ¡
СߣĥɵҲ٣ﲻԣż˳ԶŻؼҵʱΪ˸ǽӷһ
Ҷ̫һۣ˵զôڿ죬ˣϽȥɣ
һ⻰Ҷ˸߲ҵܳȥ϶ŵ˦
СżҪˤ˿ôʰ㡣
Ҷ̫ıӰ²ۣһľ֪Ƥ
ϲڼһʳͷΪĥϸεͷڸк˲١
ڼϵⲻͨƷֵļ࣬ͺܺˣˮŨ໬ûжĵϣͺһ֡
Ҷûס룬ߺȱڣҹ˯ʱҪܲˡ
ͷСҲԵú㣬ûˣΪҶ褲ԳԼһֻĸԶ˶á
ʣǵǼﳣĲˣҶ̫һ֣ÿ궬춼һӣȡĺܿθζȻҲܲ
һķ˽ǳԵĸɸɾӾ͸ˮϴƵġ
Ҷ̫һЦˣҺҷҨЩҪӸҪԵļûˡ
żһкǳʱգǴˣǳԵӵģͺܲ


28 ը
峿͸ҶڵرҶϣҶҴĴŰŵĴҶϲȹҶŢĵ·֮У꣬ЩҶɴ࣬ɽϵľïʢĳɳ
Ҷ褱Ҷĸǣ֣ŲҶʱܸᷢߴɰɳĬţ·Ųһ㡣
ʮ³ּѾк˪ᣬ֦֮䡢Ҷ֮䣬ȫ˪˺ʱڱ֮Ҳðɫ
賿ɽɽ·˰ʱ
ɽֿˣǰҪȥԣɽϲժɽ
ɽ⣬мͷ¿һ⼸ͷ¿ӵıƽķ̶ĿҸǸɻʱ⼸ͷ¿㱻һߡ
ûһ𣬶նԷֿвժҶҵĴҲֻ䣬Ȼרĵˡ
ɽвٺͰͰѰңֻһ·֣ÿһﶼнӽһʮӣһŴҲɺüɣÿһһűӡ
ʵѰҲۣ۵ʵʱʱ͵ֱһʹ
ҶǣһͷǾʢСףᣬʱ̧һһССһֻҲȦصϰԡ
һߣ߽̣߱ľϲڳʪĻкڲˣľûжԳԣĢźܲ۵ӣʵζرãˣô߰·ݵʱ²һƬһƬľ
ЩжľҲһһָҶ褴۽磬ֹɫĢжֿƽƽ棬ҺɫɡǵĢͬԲС
һֻɫľܹ⻬ɡǱԵƣĢм񣬾һ˵ǸĴﳣʳ³¡
ЩʵϲģԾͲժĢˣҰζҲܺãαظԼȥ
һȴǸϾĺ֣۾һ֪ЩܳЩܳԣֽҲһϵĿӾ˸ʽľ
ҶӲͷɾҶҶͷҶ̫һȥͰˡ
Ҷûһ𣬷ϸϸһɽĹ£һʱ֮Щԣһ˶ûע⵽ʱš
ֱϵı¨Ҳװ˶ʱһžǾȻɽ˺óһ·ѾֻҶк塣
֪˶ľ޴ľ֦գһⶼ͸
ժòˣǸϽȥɡ
ɻӱС˵ֻˣ˵Ų
ӻһ࣬ǲ£Ǹое䣬ɻĻҲæͷ͵߰ɡ
Ҷ褻ܣãͻȻԶһϽŹӣƬ̣Ǻ
ǹȥˣΪһѾûͷҶûæճһֻǣס˰ɣǸϽȥϢǻ˿عϺͿúһˮůůӡ
С׺ŸϣҲ۵Ĳᣬ˵ȮãٺҲܲסһֻȮ
һ˺ܿ˳ճܸоůϣůڵġ
Ҷԭر£һ˿ȥȻͽһѱ¨ľȫǼҵĴ
Ҷĸһɻĸ˿ȡ
ǼҵĺӿԣСС;Ȼ̰棬Ҽ֪һĶȥˡ
ȿڵҶͯϱϣ˵ǼʵýɽϾС˽ӽѧļͥڶÑокܶɽ
ΪԼǸũҸˣڼвסɽܴʱ䣬ټӶܵƤŽɽ棬ԾԴǳɡ
ɲǣҼƤһɽûӰˣӴҵĵĲˡ
Ҷ˨Ķӿڡ
ҶĸֱʹЦĶҴƤƤһܱҵģСС;͵ץһֻӣ˭˲˵Ľ
ͻ๧ά¡
ϵЦԽãô£˵ֲʲô¡
߸ɻʱȻǹúܿ죬һ̫롣
󲿷˶׼ش壬Եټɻ
Ҷ̫ԼҵĿŲŲȻһ鲼ڵϣкǹԷ
ӣϻȥٳԺõġ
緹ǿعϺͿһˮˡ
ҶһȭͷСĿعϣΪϿõģԵѾûƤζسĵعûиտôۣǳڸиãҲô壬Ͽĵطζеǽǵζ
һڵϺˮСŮŵɵʿˮɽûԣټϾͺһϡøˮƵĲ࣬ĶѾˡ
͵͵С˵ٳԵӰɡ
ҲֻˣԶ˻¡
淿ӻר־ĳŵعϣĽˣȻ£ȴر
ĳ
ǱҶӻҶҲ֪ǴĶܹģͷǺҶɩæóǲ
߲߰Ǻݺһ١
üʼ磬һ졣
Ҷ褵ҶˣŴս˵񿴵һһȥ£ҪժĶӾˡ
ӶǶΨһܳԵˮٶ඼֡
ȻҶ褵˵ԲǷˮҲܳһζɡ
Ҷĸ룬У֮ժĲˡ
Ҷ˷ܵصͷ°ȴҭֻؿڣⳡҶ褿ǳ鴤æˮšݸҶӣҶӺˮ֮˳
Ҷٰѿ𱳵ϵʱȴᡸ˻һ£֪ǲΪƲԣĥеۣ΢˶ѿƵһλãͺöˡ
ʵ֤ȻûǾǼǳۻɫǳۺɫȫ֦ͷһһģϲá
ҶĸȻҲܸˣ˸׳֦ϣ֦⣬һ֦ܿͱһȽֱľ
ȻüԶһ㣬˳ķΧͿʼľĴϵ֦⣬ĶһһƵڵ£ΪฯֳԷǳֻмˤˡ
ЩˤҲȥ֮Եͺá
С׿е棬ܹȥҶæܹȥҲ֪ܲܳӣֻһζ
һҲܰеӶߣҶĸװʱǾͲˣʣµĽˡ
ҶߵʱĽãҶĸΪǣνɽֻĽýǿġ
ֵ׳ɲûμӲԣҶû
ĸŮָ·ϻͦӵģϽȥɡ
æлȻǣõ־Ƕϣܶժǵ㣬ʳ࣬ҲܳԵöһ㣬˵ԱһӰɡ
Ǽ֦ȫտҲǴǸ˵Цݡ
ջ̫бʱ򣬶ǴЦɽߡ
Щ˲ժĶ࣬һòȥʱǼͷ¿ôˣ¿ɱ˸شڿ±ߵ϶¿ߣȻɽ·ƽôҲɼ֡


22 
ҶĸҶ褵ûоŷȻ¨Ӵ󲿷ֶóԼı¨
ҶֹԼɡ
ҶĸȴʧǿӲļԣ¨̫ˣȻȥͺúϢ
ҪѩҶɩһڰѾܸо⡣
ͬƣѩ׷סһ˼һɫƣǾͻӭѩ
ҶĸգƲ㿴żӣַļӸУҺǽɽͽˡ
ѩ֮һһѩὫȫǣûǰһѩڶѩֻή£ڵγι̵ѩ㣬ûڿɨѩܻѩŵ
һʮ¿ʼѩһֱµ·ݣѩǴڼʵڲš
Ҷ̫ͷȷʵǡ
㣬ʱˣճˣдѾҲñ׳ϸɱ˳ɱˣһ黹治١
һ˵ɽµʱѾһǶ
ȥɽϴԵһ˱ǻ磬δԳɹΪһֻٳĻ֫Źڰϣֻ⣬ÿﻹץֻҰҰãֱƵǴա
ͷϵĽǶ̴֣֫ҲܶСȺΪλûɽ֮䣬һֻĳʲͣǴ
Ҷ˰ջĶŻؼңٹʱĴſѻʰˣδԳĶԷֵһ⡣
Ҷ褼Ҷֵһ⣬ϵ⣬Ǽζġ
֮⣬ЩӶϷˣΨǾûҪ˶ôһζ
Ҷ褿۲֪һǵܺóԣ˾Ҫˡ
ʵνɽĴԵֻ߸ˣÿ˷ֵⲢ٣ЩûɽĶֻĽؿš
ҲֻĽˣϾɽзͬ棬ǲеգȻҲ档
˶һ㣬˾ͺƤҪ̫
ҪĶ󻹾ѡǸճ׵ҶһңΪҶϺֵܶˣǼҷֵġ
ϱǮƤ̫ʳĲ֪룬ȴס⣬ûߡ
ûһҶ£æϹ龰ͿûϻԸﲻͰűˣб½Լȥɽ԰Ҫܴ򵽣˵һˣһֻԼġ
˵Ǯߣ̫߱ǰޡһ
ҾͼˣøƵģŲͶ񡣡
̫ɫ죬ȴ˵ʲôվһߵĸŮʱ㳯һģ֪æҪһΪ˭ΪۼԣһȺǣϱԷ
Ҷ褶ˣⲻǵ͵Ӳ𣬿Ҿ⣬Ҳûǵķݡ
ֹҶô룬һĻ̫ǱĵҪб±ĸɽϲժĶ
̫۾һɣǸТҵġ
Ȼ淣Ͻȥǵܵܶ
ʲôû˵˳ӵظߣѾϰˣֻǲ֪ΪƢԽԽˡ
վĩβ㵲סȴʮַŭͷ¶һҪӡ
̫ü˳۵ļ֣ͷǰߣȻڿҶ褶ʱȴݺݵһۣҶ±ƣʲôʱ̫
֪Ȼû̫Ǽҵ˰֮ǰǶ̫ΪҶһģûзڷģһ߶ڴﵽͣȻȫ嶼ǮӣҼ涼٣һûӣֻ۲ÿš
ԭʲô£ҶҸûǼۣ˻ǿһӣȻҶҴĵ￴ǼңɿӣȻ̫Ϊͷܶˣڶûţһڣ֮ǰڴ죬Ҷ̫ݺһ٣ԴԹҶҡ
ֱһûȻ̫Ǹġ
Ȼˣ̫ԹҶ˵һûУ뵽ھӵʱԹ䡣
߰ɣؼҸԡҶ̫ôֲڵҶ褵ͷֺǺǵ˵ʺϺˣһˣǿ϶ԡ
Ҷ褻ûӦҶˡ
Ҳˣͷ˶ﶼȱˮǼҶٶٶܿȣҲǶǼ⣬Ĵ١
һ˸߸˻ؼȥҺиϢҶ϶ԼҲջץֻɽúһֻ黼ǰ߲öܣ߾ѵһˣϸζȼҪóԡ
õϢǣţһʱԡ
Ҷ̫ҶɩҶͷˮҶɩҶĸǴźʰժĶ
ͳһһʱٰѴɹͬˡ
־Ҫһ֪ʲôʱóȥɹɣһֱ죬ЩҪˡ
õҪӣЩײóϴһϴÿ˳һ㡣
Щ⣬ٵҰһˮϴһϴܳԡ
˶͵ƵʰһţҶĪһֺܰĵĸо
һҶ̫ҶɩС⣬ʱţһŨζ㴫˹ζܰԵεطס˵ıӡ
ǲɵĲͣس鶯ӡ
öʰĲˣҶĸһŽ֣ϽȥϴֳԷɡ
˵ͺҶɩһ̧żŽ
Ҷϸϸϴɾ֣ȻȥݣٶеʱҲˡ
Ҷ̫ҶɩûǶȣܿʳʳǰ׺Ͳ׻ϵĸɷ
Ҷ褾ĸɷҲ㣬нͬʱҲŨϿڸзʺŨĺһ
˵һƤһһҶڲʲô˼һҧȥܳƤ΢࣬нĽ
֭ڸɷϣ֭;һڷһʵͣ
Էʱûй˵ﶼġ
ҲΪ˶Ҷ뷹оûҲһӳ̫ܻ̼θкֻط¿ӡ
˶˸ǶԲҶӸǳٿʼФ¶٣֪ʲôʱٳһ⡣
ҶɩѵûΪȻĺֱһ˶ζ
Ҷ̫佱յȫգǣĲ˵۴ûܳҡ
ҾģԼҶͷ˲ż޹¼ޡ
ҶͷźǴЦҶ̫һμ棬ǳһ棬ζĵڶˡ
Ҷ϶ǣʵǸô
Ҷ̯ڵϣʻֱȰˮɣ
ɣҶ̫Ҩˮݽȥ
ϽˮȥɣǼСĽûݽţҪԽۡ
Ҷеϴ裬ҪãܸоģҪǲϴƵһϡ


23 
ϴһʵе鷳ũһ¶ϴһΣҶǰɾģҲǰϴһΣ쵹ǻڿЩ׳ˮһ顣
ȻϴȷʵףֻҪ˿ҲûôˣԡͰľͷģܹİһװ£պõˮУˮ¶ʵʱͿԿʼϴˡ
ĿˮһͬӿůģҶ褱ԼϴҶĸģ
ôŪģҶĸۼĿҶ褼ҸףһѾ΢΢Ƥ۵ȥ
Ҷ褳˿Ǳ¨ĥġ
֮ǰ͸оеۣ˸ƺûôˣΪ¨ģСĥ˰ɡ
Ҷĸۣô˵˿ڶƤˡ
˵æȥԱߣ淭Сƿװһҩ࣬֬һЩвҩƳɵģũҩࡣ
ָѵʱֻҪͿһ㣬ڶõĲˣˣ˿ڴҲͿһ㣬Ч֪жãȷʵиο
ҶԴѾоеˣʵʵվͰɡ
ҶĸһǷҶͷϣȻȴָͷ
ԺҪǲһø˵ǿڲôСǵȳٶ°ɡ
д˿˿Ȼ
Ҷ⻰ԽΣܾð˵ѾǴˣȴûֻǸĺӡ
һٳǿҶ褱ֻ֤ͯж̶̵ôһʱ䣬ȻˣβԼǸСһͯʱء
ҶĸǳǷۣ޽Ҷ褰ɣٽҩͿϣŰĺʵùϣˣȥϿͷ
ͱҶ褻·Ҵ뿪Щ·ݽǷ۵ˮڶϴ͸Щ
Ҷ褸հͷɣҶĸͻˣﻹһӣѱҶȻӹ޽ͷ
ȱˮůů˯˯һŴҿҹҪѩ
Ҷ褹ԹԵͷ̵ķˮһڣ˲ůˣһˮͿʼ˯Ϊ룬ǴˢϿ
ҹʱҶԼԼϸĹӰڵϣǹú͵ƣΪ̫ۣûбѡ
ֱڶ졣
һѹ͸о쳣ĺ⣬ȵĿԳ壬ɵô˸
ҶһҪȴûɹһ¾ɵˣ˶֫ѻĶʹģǼϺ׵ĵطǻۡ
ֻţƵŲţֱߵһ¨ͣסǱ¨Ĳֱһ鲼ʽǴСʱ·ϲġ
뵽ҹпĹԭΪŵġ
ҶӣۿɬڴϺ˼һŲ۾·
İ
ƿţһƬѩϵʱź֪ķԭѩˣһȥĿǰɫ
ëѩ
ҶԺһıʣʵĶëѩֱѩؾ˲ѩäĴ
ˣȥݣ˶Ƕء
ҶɩϵѩߴӺԺ߹ȥι󣬻ȷܱůѼʲôǧ𱻶ˡ
Ϊ볣տ¶ȣΪ˲˷ѿĲһ˰춼Ἧһֻһ
ҶĸҶ褹æİ£ȥһ࣬һ̰һˮܲɣžͺ㡣
զ˯᣿ӸǶûء
Ҷ褹Թ£˾˯š
ֻмˣʵүүͶأ
ȥѩˡ
µѩûжðӲóʱһ·ҪȻȵϵʱзϵѩҲҪϽҲûѩѷѹ¡
ҶŶһ³緹ȻһԱ߰
ķʵ򵥵ģֻҪעⲻҪ־ͺãҶһֻѹסһߣȻһֻŲڴһߣһʹཱུİӴй
еİһ̿ҲҪӣͬкܴôˮȿưտȺ̵࣬ĥɷۺҲֹѪ
Ҫȡöֻ࣬ҪƬſľһãӾͻˡ
СҲ׷βתȦȦʱʱܵҶ褽űߺÿʱҶ褾ͻڳһֻı
Ȯϸëǳ
Ҷ꣬С׾
ʰһ룬ҶӼҲ½½ˣһԺصİѩ˶˷ܡ
ٹ汻ˣʱͿԵűӡҶֺǺǵ˵ܴѩ̣ɺˡ
ҶɩԵһۣ֪棬ôȥһô죿
ҶӲҷֻӡΪԼǿ׳ȥҲ
ʱҶͷҶ϶ƿݵŽһ硣
Ҷֲ̫ͣͬʱʵզô
Һ͵ѩҲˣǽѩݣѩݱůмѼڱ
Ҷ϶껰ְרɨѩɨһߣȻϿůůͺ͵غһڲˮ
ҶͷǴ̸˳һڣѩ׷갡ϣճɱȽá
ǼһʮĶأ꾰³ƵũˣʮĶʮĶֵСʮĶֵǰӣĶֵĶֵĵعϣʣĶֵǻƶ
СջٲһعϣȻ࣬Щ
Ҷ̫Ҳϣˡ
ũÿǷա
һʰɽ죬ʱܿ͹ȥˡ
Ҷ褳˸תͷֿһߵǣҪʳκͰ״׽ݣȻϸϴȥճҺ
ϴõڷʹнĹһˮԭӦ콷䣬ûཷͻժľͻĢȻһرζ·ˡ
ڸмִ࣬н΢΢ζֺܿθ
һҳԵľܳĺɻƲסԼϴ߳Ա˻ˮ
֮ů
Եúã˶ۿɼһȦɫҲ١
ʱѩûͣ׷ĴѩѾڵϻСȶôˣ̧ȥһƬããģһɫ
Ҷ̫һʰ꣬Ϲһůů漴ڵһӣʣµĶŽؽѰɡ
ǼҵĵؽһͽõķŵһһʳС󡢵عϡȵȣÿЩҶ̫϶ЦŵģЩʳԼ˵
һ½ģͷŰײˡܲǡܲɽ֮ġ
л˵
˫ֿܰգǵõVQAQ
һһúԤգ


24 ˷
ꡪ
ʮֿڵİ¯ƵؿţǽС¶ɫİʣŴԴζİ㡣
Ҷ΢ʹǱѿˣغɫıĤǵһſűİʾͿԷŽ
ֻǼĹɽϲժİͶҶ˳ԵòˣҶΪԵ̫࣬ʱĿʼãǰҹҺҶسǣֻһסڳˡ
ⳡѩͣͣʱѩѾϥô
ҲʵڲţĶⶼʱˣ嶼ѵõİ֮У˶ڼè
Ȼѵõȴܿͱˡ
ԭҲƽһ죬ҶһҴĥʱ䣬ڿϱŮǾŹ첹żл
ҶӼǴһҶӣ֪ǲΪȤζˣҶԼҲͦģϾ˺
Ҷĸ״²һ£ϷŻ˼ġ
Ҷ褹ཹཹһˮһпɶϷء
˶ӥ׽С־׽Բء
ٵĶɳ
Ǻ˼ϷֵܽһҲͦõġ
ҶϢҪȥʱȴͻȻ
Ҷɩһ£ô˭ŵͬʱٶҲϽȥŴ򿪣ŵʱķһ򣬵滬Ĳʹ
һŲŷŵҶϴԲǳŵ·źܱһɫ࣬ʱŴ֡
ţҶæһĨЦˣе¿Ҫ鷳ȥһˡ
ҶɩҶ˵߶䰡ڼҪһʱŻ
ҶԱЩʧǲ鷳ˣҾͲȥˡ
ת뿪Ҷɩֱüϴμѩǰʱ̫һܣʮӣɸڵر
Ҷɩɻعţǳʲô£
صݺˣҶĸΣҲû˵Ǽʲô°ôйأ
֮ĹҶȹҶһҶҶϰҶΪɵҶûͬˡ
Ҷ̫ͷĦһ£ôȻ˵Ǿ͸ûϵʱʲô
ҶӸ⻰æʣǽʲôҿϸ»˶ĲˣҪ˷ɡ
Ҫڸһ²ܳԣǼÿ»һţȡ
ڷҲǼﳣĳʳĵţȻгССĳһɹ֮Ǹɷˣķôóԡ
Ҷ̫룬Ҽǵۼһһûԣһֱ˷ɣʱÿԷʱʵˡ
Ǵͳһһֻȹʱɱˡ
廨ҶɩģǼǴ򵽵ҰΪҶɩ֮ǰҲ˲ٶҡ
ҶɩҶĸһӦһ˿ɫ磬ȥˡ
ҰζأҲнҪ֮ǰһˮɫ廨ⱻгСڹг
ôн˽ȥζ֮ٸг˿һȲˣͿ԰ѷŽȥһܳ
ˬˣķн廨⡣
һζֱˣˮĳһȫȺ
Եһ룬Ҷҵȴֱˡ
Ҷ̫Ҳˣôô˹
ŽҶȥţҶﻹŷһܹȥܻ
ľȻǴ峤λϵҶͷæվôˣ
˵Ҷ϶һ£ɸֵ˵ˣϽȥһ˫ꡣ
Ҷ峤ӻ֣мƣæˣҾǹ˵һҶ׼ҸղŴ˹˵ǼҸҶϼ˵ãĲǵĶӣҶǼҲãûи񡣵Ҷ˵ûв£Ǯ˵Ҫ˵ǿҶϱˡ
һʲôûв£˼ңзĲŮļױ׼õģôƫƫǼҾ˵ûвˡ
ҶͷҶ̫һۣﶼ˼ּƽϣҶϼռС˱Ǯҿ£ûвȢسĹҲôõ¡
ǽô˵Ҷͷʵ
Ҷ峤̾˿ɲֹأҶϵ岮ǶԸѷӽȥ˵ҪͷּңҪҶһֳȥ
˵ûס̾Ǵˣý붼֪ǲԸ⡣
ҪҶҪӣһڴҲǹȥˡ
Ҷͷ¿ӣⷽҼĳ͹ģҲŴܶЩûҪˡ
Ҷ峤ͷ֪ҶϼҵԼҹǸ˵һǧΪʹӦǡ
ҶʱĳٺңҪûǴҽر߹أѾӹٽһƷĹԱˣм˲֪طҲ
Ҷ峤뿪ȴûθڡ
Ҷ̫һ̿ӣⶼʲô°Ҷ̾Ҳͬ¡
Ҷϵүүһ˴ӣǸܸɵˣ˵ͬƵ°
ױ䣬˭֪ôء
ҶŶ£˼ǲƲģһӶǣ¡
²ûе˽ǽд˺úÿһ֡
ҶһҧǮûҪ񣬻˵Ǻڽףдһݺ飬պԻޣš
ʱŮǼΪ̵ģҶһô˵ǳ׼һ㣬λǮӲ޹ˡ
̫Ҷ̫ʱ򣬴һµϢ
Ҷ̲֪£һֱΪѾ׼òˣΪ˲Ǯҿ𣬻صذԸĹײıҲͳˡ
̫˵һ뵽ҶŹԼӵĳ
ǡҶ̫ҡҡͷ֪ô˵ˡ
ҶϱΣ
̫Ĭ˻ſڻش𣺡̫ãسĹڴﱾͲ̫Ӧʲôũ֮Ħַ£Ȼ͸ˡ
дϧ
Ҷ̫αأũҲ͸ũҽףиô˵ţżǰɣȢ޻ǼŮŵá
ǰǼԶϱǺõģ޹⼸һץһ֣ݽҲദļá
̫οԵԼ۹⡣
Ȼͷ˵׵ʱ򣬽㾡ɽۣһҸõġ
ӳϱǺҪģ˵ģһ׻ǳɩĸ仰ܿɩҪԡ
Ҷ̫һۣżףʹЩĺӻʮ˾ʺϳ׵͡
̫Ȼͬ뷨ȴҲûֻ˵ǲǳ
˺ܿ컻˸⣬¡
Ȼ֮󲻾ãҶϼµķת
л˵
һ¿ʼV
Ԥգ
è
һֱΪԽʷϵԭʼʱ׼Ħȭƴһǲǰʱũҵʱ
ʲôˮС
ֽ/ҩˮ࡭
ȻõģʵȴǲпģһγԣӭײһȺ׸ߵĴȺ
ûӦߵĻ׷׳һȻΪָĶ
ϻʨӡ
ȫë޵èƶ
һʱ֮ȻֲԼǼǺ¡
ѵǲʺٵ
һ仰飺žһСè˲Ĺ¡


25 ǳӡVʼ
èũ˴Ǽĵ, һ¶ϸʮ£˵Ҷϼ¸ǶϢϢء
ȳ緹ֶǽɹ̫졣
, ˵ҶһұǼ̫˳ȥ
ǻ, ҼСȢϱʱһԼѼ, һӼǼҲ˵Ǯóİɡ
ɲǣСռ, Һ۴峤ûӦǰѷ͹ȥҪȻһҾ۴ӵˣϳΪ
ô˵Ҷ⺢ӻǸõģܽͺá
лʱ, ҶһͻȻǽһ߳, ʱһҲ֪ûۡ
ûס, ȥĶ
Ҷڴﱻ, ΪֳܱҪ㼸, ˳æӣΪۣÿʱ򶼻㶫ȥʱǼʱǲ, Ȼ, Ͳ, Ҳ˲ڼزӣͬʱȢӡ
ʵҲǴ˰ǹ¶ĸһչˣϾóֲܵԣҪ˰æء
űǸݵߣ׵ͷ˿Ϸͷָ׷ȻΪ곴ӱѬ÷ڣҲܿϸϴġ
üʼҶһңҶϵϱǮϡ
϶ȥһسǰѲϡ
˵ָһҶϿŵıⵣʻһ۵һƤֽĶƤֽϻ˸£سĵ巼ի
ŶǲˣϽȥɡ
Ҷһ뿪ִһ
˵˼ͬ𣿡
ҾѿһοͿռҵ˰ɣҶֵѵûɶ
ûа˵иҶֵϤĴæڣðϯͻѲ٣ֻϱسˣܸǴôˣҪһǮôûҶҲġ

ϢҶһҶʱ»Ѿ䶨
ҶһұֳȥȻǾҲо仰˵ƼֵᣬͷĶܿŲۣʵҪñĻɲˡ
Ƿּ֮󻹵õӣټϷֵҲ࣬ƵùһʡԼõӡ
ڲԼĹײıϵģǮ֮ɿˣΪ峤Ǯ̸̸պǴĶʳͬ۸ǮʳҴպҪӣҲһǡ
Ҷû뵽ﾹȻס˶ӣڶûй¶ȥʵҲΪСĻÿ˵أֻҪ峤ϲй¶ӣǾͲ͸¶
ҪǴϳˣǾ൱޸Ƽ

ҸղȥӱȡˮҶϱҲũ˲ˣͦãȡˮš
ѾһıÿҪȥȡˮʱ򶼵ðѱ俪УΪȡˮͬһǵصıΪ俪ֶϣԱطٱҲ׾俪ġ
ҶɩԵһӦǣôûңȡˮɲǼ¡Ȼŵǲ
Ҷɩˮůů֣һЦղžһͰˮô¡
ҶĸȥԺĴˮףȻֻʣһˣ͸һǣ¿ȥȡˮɣˮ׹˵
УҶӣһҲ֪ȥˣ첻żҡҶɩеɸֵ˼ڡ
ǺġҶĸ߱˵һȥ
ʱҶȴҲӱϡ
ҶԶڵϣɻ˵׽㣿
Ҷ˨Ҳʣˮˣզץ㰡
Ҷû˵ͦأߣչʾͣûҵץ
Ҷ褿һۣȻһС룬װòҵ򾣬Ե
ǼҵģԼѣõǲ˿Ĳ㹳ģôССһӶҶ۵ʱģƽ㹳ʯͷġ
̶㹳֮󣬼˾Χһ俪ıԱߣصš
Ҷ褶ײסվůůӣȻ¶ͳһӷָС顣
ǽճģʱһۣζ̣СǶϲ
Ҳ֪ǲΪǽã¹һӣ;;ҶһӰֱײ
ʹҶ͵ذʣµҶԼվ˫΢ʹק
ҶԺҶ˨Ǿˣһʹûһҧ˹ͱ˦˱ϣһֻһ׳Ĳ㣬ˮ֮βͻڲͣĻ棬һ
˵ˡҶԸ˵֣ܹȥ㣬ˣֱӽԱߵı¨
ҶӯЦ֮嶼ˣãҪٵֻǻ򾡣
ҶӵȻûѱ¨һߣȻֻµ򾣬㡣
ͬʱҶ褣ڵϵţȥˡ
Ȼֽ㣬һ㣬ʮַġ
ǻڸ˵ʱҶɩùȡˮչײǼڱϡ
վڱϰһȥô죿
Ҷɵò˲æصⲻ̫ߡ
˵Ҳˣһű¨һǣҶ褾߹ȥ
Ҷɩǿ˿Ѿʢı¨ЦӴǸ缸ͦõѽô㡣
Ҷĸǣסӵ֣ҲӦ͵ǿˣʱ򡣡
նǼζġ
Ҷɩ֪ί飬Ҷһֻһۡ
漴ӱ¨óָֻҶԺҶ˨Ǽһģϸһһ
ûְܾʣպãѱ¨ݸҶӡ
Ҷ˿æӹ¨ãȰͻؼңһٹæ
ҲˣؼðѼѼιˡ
ϡ
Ҷ褸һؼҵʱЩƣͦõģôô
ҶԳ̾һ֪ҵűƢˣҾҵ
ȸĸ
ҶһƽദҲǲܡ
صι꼦ѼշֱûõСֲԼͬǼҡ
Ҷ˨ģʱ򻹴һ⣬ҶͬǴһĹûþˡ
Ҷɩȡˮˮʢ˷ҡεˮŵһСԵùӰε
һС㣬ˮﲻιʳԼˮ΢ԵԴ֤ˮĸɾˮ궼û⡣
Ҷɩϵĵİ˿巼ի㶹ƣɲء
ȽûĹ
ۼҼӸǼҵĺúãҲʲô¡
Ҷĸ˵⻰ϴɾ֣С￪ʼҩζٴԺҶһž֪Ҫҩˡ
ѾλҩˣεҩֱӿµԳԵһѮ
л˵
ոȥ˼ϷҷҵûԶСүyyds


29 ͱ
һںɫҩ, Ҷ褾Ϳ˸ӷŽ΢ʽɬҩζĨȥ
հȥ䣬֮ͿҶӻ۾, 
Ҷ褽Ųһת, ǰצ£, ԵþʮСףڸ
Ҷһûشֻǰ̧С֡
Сһ˫ɫ, Դ΢ᣬֺ䶯˶漴̧צҶϡ
ҶֺǺǵסҡҡĵôҺӻ̸С׵ġ
ҶС׵ͷ޵
СڹǺܴƷ, ˵൱С̡
ǶСʱ, ҶͻȻľ߳ã㿪ѯʵҪҪԶӣ
ǰʱժӶѾϴɾԺﶳü, 񶼷, ԾԼȥù
Ҷ뵽ӵζ, ˮҲҪһ
ӻɰΣҡͷˣǻԶӰ
Ҷ, Ҷʶû, պҩһܳԵĶ
û, ͳһɡҶԥһᣬóһŰ˪ҶӲӷŽˮ
Ҷ۲Ŀһۡ
Ҷӿִ֮պõˮŰ𣬶ٶȾԽԽ졣
ӵժٰƤĹ
ĸһ֣ÿ˳һζУҸղŽȥ
һСڻһСڣҶ褾ֻܳζֱһĿڸУҧȥʱϸıϧǳԵˮݳģûôˬ
Ȼӱͨ˵ɬζ٣ζŨҶ褳Ҳܿġ
ζŶӵζͻȻһ£ȥŷԭС׶ǵ룬ʳ
ҶһЦСⶫɳԲˡ
СߣóרŸĥ
СҲûӵĻĥҲܺã˵ĥõĺͼģССһС׳Ժü졣
͵ȻӲҲûɶζرĥʱ䣬һС
Ҷ褰С׷СѾҧĥ
ʱϹȻһ㶹̰׵۰׵Ķʹ̵ĴжΣװ̵ɫǳ̼˵ʳɱľ֭չ壬ɢĹ
һھͷϸζ嵭֭ɿڣڲ׷Ͻһֲ˲׷ֲڵȱ㡣
Ҷ褶ϲһ㣬Ҫȣȴ⣬һζûУζ
˵ʳмʳǲԵģһȲݣеĵط۶ζ֣˵һʶģڶˣҪϲĿڸС
Ҷ̫Եһ룬ͻȻ£ȹϴֵһȥһɣСпˣҪͼֻȥ
ҶССŮҲܳ裬鿪ʴ󷽣ѵõǻʶ֣ȥس֮һ˫̥ӣǵڶ̥䡣
Ҷ϶ķӦģಶ׽Ҳڹʱԡ
ÿһʱ㶼ҹϱزٵһˣһصʣһ㣬ȡĺͷ
ҶȴֻҪϢҪ𣿡
СĵİȻŽǰ𣿡
Ҷ褵ͷнһµʱûˣȻġ
ΪãòҲʲôˣռѼ񽻸ǸӶʺϡ
ҶɩҶĸĳޣЩԺǺȻƤȴǸģʱöϸ
سѧ㶫Ǽ£Сʱǧ³Կ࣬ܶѧǵ㡣
Ҷͷѵÿڣ˵ҶӣʵǸС˵ģôľ顣
䣬ͻȻҶ̫״æԲϽԷɣʣµĳ˵
ҶͷԾͱ죬Ҹһ˼һ⡣
ͳ׺ȫûȾܿһŽһ˸ǡ
Ϊͼ۸񲻱ˣԽʡũϴ˯ˡﰲķ·ֻ̣żеʱŻԳ
Ҷһ͵ƣǼҵĵǶ֬ɣװ͵ͺӣҲǵо
͵Ƶ״ܼ򵥣һС̵֬õĲɵӣȼйˣǵֻлƶôǿֻ͵ƸһСط
Ҷ褾ŶĹϴ꣬͵ӣջͿҶĸ߷һ裬æкݽţƼҩۣڷҩҩЧá
ľװغɫˮ̵ˮðŰҶ褿Ŷɵýֺһ
ô̰
˵ˣҪ̲źأѽŷŽȥӦ¶ȾͲˡ
Ҷ褰͵ƷϣºСŸһˮ棬ˮ̵ؽţֺ˻޹˶Ż
Ҷĸûţֻһ䣬ˮ˲ܰѽóһӡ
Ȼַ뿪ˡ
Ҷ褰˫ŷľϣҪһӦˮ£̶˺һᣬȻȴֵõģĽûˮ֮󣬾ᵽ˴ݽŵʡ
ο̾һֺˮ¡
Ҷĸʱ俨ĸպãˮѾȵʱ߽ʱﻹһƤˮҡ
˯ʱǵðˮҷڽ¡
Ҷһ㶣ֻǽ˵һ䣬˯ʱ䣬Լ˵û뵽Ҷĸȴμסˡ
ſأֻǺҹ˻е䣬ʵá
ǲ䣿͸˵Ҫ㳳Ҫһ˯һһ˯ء
Ҷĸ߰Ҵñǣ˯ɡ
ҶӦҶĸʹ͵ƣŴǽϿС뿪
͸¹⣬ûҶϷů⣬Ѳر˳˸ƽռ䡣
ÿ˯ǰҪұ鿴һѧϰ֪ʶҲߣһЩ鼮ҳ˯ˡ
쿴ǡʵøµһڣڴص֪ʶ
ǰׯڲӵĴ
ſҶ褾ʶ˺磬²ů͵ˮңһҹΡ
ڶʱˮѾˣҶĸˮأô£Ĳ˵ؾЩкǿ
Ҷȥι˼Ѽ˳ѼѼΪʱѼѾ˶ʮҶ̫ȫѼ
˰ߣ˼ҼһܳԵΣУ̲˸񡢴󽴡֮ĶǳԵʳȻѼҲ⡣
Ѽܼ򵥣ǰʳˮ̳ˮٰѼһŽȥܷ̳ӣһ¾ˡ
ѼƳͶ࣬㣬пֱ֮ðͣҶ褾ܳһ뷹
Ҷ̫߶˵Ѽ磬ҲԣζѼҼˮͺܺóԣٷơ
Ҷ褰æѼŽ̳±е㻳ζ
±˵Ǽڻ±֭Ȼ±ģҲǲͨá
±˼ཹðݵ±֭Ž˿ǵļϼСʱĵ׾Ⱦ˺ɫ±֭ζ뵰
±ļԵƵ˶Ժü
Ҷģģ˵±Ȱ󵰺óԶˣ۶±԰ɡ
ļ붼±ˣʣµĵţϼʱ򻻶
Ҷ̫˵꣬ҿۼҵѾˣٹȥιʳʱעһ¡
ǼҵһһĸֻʮĩʼֵģôʱȥĸҲġ
Ҷĸʱ䣬·ݣĸСǾ̿Ժˡ
̱ţ˵գӪҲܷḻȱζأⲢ޷ȥģ˵ʻ߲Ҷһ̶ȵĳζ
ڽҶٸιʳʱ򣬾ͶֻСĸ


27 ë
Ҷ褴һӺ, ͷСϻķñֶڴڣΪ·ɫѩ, ԶԶȥ, ͺһµѩӡ
, ôһ˶䰡ıǼ⣬ˡ
ϤҶ˷ܵվ, ͬͶְҶ
ҶԱߵҶϴҶЦſǡ
Һ㰡
Ҷſ˫ۣҶ褱ұϣҲǹԱˡǱûг֡
˵߱µ»Ҷ, 漴ϴһ, ǳˡ
Ҷ褺ٺһЦķ㣬һעͳ˺ܶࡣ
ҲԼѾۿɼԲһȦ
ϲԾͺ, 㿴Ҹʲôˣ
ҶЦʾҶı¨￴
Ҷ褲ͷȥ, ֻ͵ı¨һ巼իֽ, ڸͻȻúǿ
ʳ÷
ʳһַ㣬ۺ棬֥飬־֪Ǻ۵һСʳ
÷Ȼǹ֣ʵһΰıɽ, д, ͸΢΢ζ, ʮֻϲ˻ǳϲϲҲǳᡣ
Ҷ褺ﶼϲʳ÷Ҷڵ
һᵽȳԿʣµպõԡ
ҶֺǺǵ˵ҿ巼իֳ˼ƷиѩֵĿżζֻԤðʱǿ
Ҷ𣬶ԸƷ϶Ѿܾ
Ͷ̶̼仰ĹҶѾҶת䣬һ͵ˡ
Ҷ̫ӻӽţɵͷͺã䣬ݿ
ݣҶ»Ҷ褣ȻҶϴһͳ¨Ķ
Ǹĺ̸ˡҶóĺ̸ˣڿҶͷͬɫæ˵ģֻղԭõǸ˺üˣʱûµˡ
ͳֱǸҶ̫һвͣиСʳ
Ҷ̫ĦһϵĴɺУ˵ǿϢȥ
⻰ҶǣҶ褵ֻӣҶĸʱѾѿˣҶ³ڴţȻ˵Ǻú˯һҳԷʱٽǡ
Ҷĸ˵׼ȥɻ
һ£Ҷȴڽס㿴ʲô
ڶͳһӣСĵؽ⿪һڼǰ
˺üʽǾÿ㿴ϲ𣿡
ܼԣϸһֻڶ˼Ե¡
Ҷĸָ޴·ϲ˲Žӹϴż־ȡ
զǮ⣿Ǯء
ҶЦЦ޸ҵʱ򣬾ʹôһϧǸѾˣֻһƵġ
ҶĸҲ뵽ǰ£ǸޣȻڱûþ͸ˣǻȴǺúûŵĺӣһ㶼ź
ֲʲô£ֵһֱǵá
Ҷ褿Ҷֳ˳ҶĸϵĻ֮ɫȻ󿪿ڵӴϰҾһܺÿ
Ҷ褵Ļ·ҶϣȻزҶĸķϣ֮޵ÿ
ʵҶĸ񣬵۹ʹѾʮҳСһۿȥŶʮˡ
ҶҲǳӢ䲻ͽ׳ҶĸǼġ
Ҷĸŷϵ¶һĨɬЦ͵ˣÿء
Ҷ褲ͬ˵ʲôͣÿ
Ĩһ˵ô
ô˵ҶĸϵЦȴ̡
Ϣɣбѵ𣿸Ͻ˯ȥ
Ҷϸɾ·ڿϣҶҲ۾
ҶĸǰֱֵҪ뿪ӵʱŰժغãϾƲ¶ûǱóȥԸһ¾ˡ
Ҷ̫ʣĺ㣬ʣµ֭ЩгɹͰܲŵعҲһζ͡
ЩҶҲ˼˵ͷãʳִ࣬࣬ҧһȥһζһֱĿΨһȱǲǸճģƤѾеˡ
һСʮùһһʣµļǱҶ̫˵˭ֺø˭ԡ
ڶ峿Ҷֵܾʹθȥ
һжĴͳ
״أ¶ʮȵ£ǸȻ䣬׽һţͶýʵʵҪԵʱ򣬾ͿýﻯǺܺõѡ
ڲ˵ƵǸΪа׺ıӰӡ
ů͵ʱȺǳˮʳʱǳˮȱȺͻתƵůˮл
Ҳˣж˾ͻˮҵһӣĵط俪ȥûҴطĻʱͻ㡣
ڹᴩӵ֧ˮʮףˮӽףԸĴӻСȥˣ
ʱְֿտֻ
˷ű棬˰ʱ俪Ķһڣһǳڡ
Ҷϴ˿ˮཀྵӲ׵֣ø񰡡
Ҷ϶ͷû˵ű㣬Ǽ俪ı棬ֻ΢ϢһĹ򣬾ֽһ㱡ı
Ҷվţܿɰ˪ϡ
Ͻɡ
˰ڷŽȥһӹ̶ڱϣȻִӳùӰһ̳ͬķ̶ס
ҶѾû֪ıӣɹˣӦܲٵ㡣
εıвСڻ£˶е̲ס׷׶ڰ߳⣬һɸֵӣ޲Լ
ŴӺߵֵˣ˿ʵֵȥˣ
ҶͷҲ֪û׼ӡ
Ӧû٣֮ǰͲü㣬ǰ׼ȥһ
Ҷָͽ˻⡣
صҲãƮѩ
ɫģ˵鶼
Ҷżյ͵ƣҶ̫ϱڷ챻ӣ޻Ҷ̫˵ǰʮ꣬޻û㷺ֲʱǼıĶݡ
ʱӲл𿻵ĵǻãϱһĵطһ֪ˡ
Ҷɩǲ޻ﶼãǷ·ʱЩĹңίʵж
ھʹص·ҶСԲĹȻܿɰҪĴ˿ͺ鷳ˡ
Ҷ˵ĻͻȻ˶٣ůⲻ˵ë
ǵëߵҪ̫ļëµı֯Ҳܼ򵥡
ﳤֶǼɵģִڻ£򵥵ı֯ӦҲû⡣
֮ǰҶƣ˽ʱƵķֻ֮ʱϢģΪҪƷͱ߸о£Լ۱ȲߣٹЩˣʱŻʺϡ
ë֯Ӧͦʺϼڵ״ֻ򣬴ʱ԰ëˣһĸʣëëֳˣһǿëһ£ܴܲëߡ
ҶԽԽⲻ޲̾ͰֻëˣҲ⼸쳣˷ܣ춼Ըµؽ˸ιʳĻһͲĶ߿Է֡


28 ը
ȹ˴Լ, ӡ
ֻľֻʣҶ϶Ҷˣϣ俪, Ȼһʹ˳, һ㡣
, 㣬㣬ֲûͦƽһֻڰ߹, г˰ֱô
Ҷ϶ͦģѾýӲĹڰ߹㵹ѵá
Ҷֱһʹ·ŻغҲ¹̶סһ춼ʱʱ, Ҫ, Ǽһֱѩʱ򶼻һֱԡ
˴һؼңҶ̫˱ţСʱԼ, ˺, , ϶ڡ
ԺﶳһͱøʯͷһӲ𣬽ò˨ڷϣܷһ춼ģ֮󲻹ģʵû
ҶɩӦһ, Щп, , ʱ죬Ҽ޽ʱСһͲ࣬Ѿӵˡ
ҶɩҲ͵ɲǣС۴һˣúӺü޵Ҳá
Ҷĸû廰ֻǰ죬ҪСദʱ򲻶࣬Ҳûʲô˵ġ
Ǿ߶ġ
ųʱȥҶСüʱȴдسǱŶؽĴ˸Ǵ˸š
ǴǿǼΪˣܶһ㶼ǺõģôûѡѶʳԸű¨ȥسؽֽټԭÿ鶹˼ۣһܶٴǮʹÿЩȺ
ȥһӣǼ̫鶹Ҫ꺢ӵϱԣϱҶӣ֪Ҷͬһģͽа˵һҶƽһŮĸŮƽ
Ҷ̫⻰˫ֺʮӴѾͷӾѡڴǰͷǶ˫̥ҲŴѩģŶ룬ҺӺḁ̃û¡
СãǴһ֣Ͳõسòˡ
ҶɩЦŽһˮݸǿ˳ըΣ³һٰɡ
˼ҴԶİ³һٷҲӦġ
ǿӹ£ȻĨĨ죬Ͳ鷳ɩˣϱŰȥء
˵Ͱ˻ȥҲûҶ˵Ѿ˵ı¨ߡ
Ҷɩ״æóװŽǿ
ˣֵʲôǮȥӡ
Ӳͨǵл񶼲ݶ
ǿûѣûҪ𣬰ѼóŽԸ¨ߵʱţļȥˣӶûԹ⼸һһҲܳԺüء
ȹţҶ̷̫Ըȥسͻʱ˳ϣȥС
ûҶ϶Ҷ˵ͿʼʰһҪȥģڵļǻһЩҲܴȥȻǼɹɽɢɢɲء
ǰʱ׼һǴ˼ҾߣֻԭǮ൱ڰͣҲ顣
ҶͷûֹϱԸڿЦĳẓ́µ̸ͨɫ̸ˣϢֻ̳̩ͨ
ҶϴҶͻسǣֻǰҶˣҶ϶ΧĴӡ
ˣҶ϶ͷʱ뵽£ϴҹȥΰѱϣ˵ǻشһóСĴýȥ
Ҷ̫Եһۣզ˵ˣҪ£Ƕ˰ɡ
Ҷ϶Цͷⲻ¶࣬һӸ
Уȥһسǡ
˵ЩµʱҶڿϷﻹĥëôȽϼ򵥡

Ҷ̫ûӦִһΣҶ褲ˡ
ã̧ͷ
Ҷ̫˲ɵЦգ˵ȥ˯ҪȻ˯ˡ
Ҷ褵ͷĵȥͦõģҪȻڼҴŶҪùˡ
һ鶼ãʱ߳ԱЦһըθζ̲סһٳԡ
ڰ߹٣ʺϸۣʺƬ߲ûгʳϰߣǼҾѡгɿըΡ
ô׺ͽͻднץһӣȻۣ͹ըըִ࣬ˬһҧȥ·ˮرҶ˵θڡ
˵Ҷ̫ˣܴ󷽵ķȥըԵ˶͡
ҶԺü飬ըĹһζûУΪƹζأǳؿζ
ڶһ磬컹ûҶ˾Ͷˣջʰ
ҶĸæµİˮҹҶ糿һǵñӰͷסͷǸտĹˮǧҪڣҪˮǻš
Ҷ褽մһĳͷǲ϶̣˰ޣʮʮĺʵͷǲǳһ㣬ɫʵɫ
޿õͬһ鲼Ҳ˰޻
һŵȻкܶ࣬紩֮ˣĺܳһ㶼ж
Լϲȥ¿Ҷ϶ȥġ
Ҷ̫ҶڻѺʵ̺ϣȻֵһͷϵñӣñͦãѶ令ʵʵ
ҶһСñƬԺ޲ܻס䣬ҶĸƳܼ˻ӭ
ﶼñӡ
֮ǰ˵ҶҴسǲԶ¿Űʱʱ䣬Ҷ褻ﱧˮңһֱسſڶûж䣬ֻ϶Щ
˰ȥҶ±ζĵ
Ҷ͵ſڣһԼ¿֣æӭȥ
ȰҶ̫ԼҴ罫ȻҶ̫һӣ㵱Ѿϰʮ·߲ˣ
˵Ƚӡ
ҶһЦתҶ褴ӳϱ
һ·䣿
Ҷ褱Ҷڻҡҡͷ䡣
̧ˮңҹˮڻȺء
Ҷ϶¿ҵط˨סȻҲӡ
Ҷ̫ʱȫòû˱ʵⲻ𣿡
ҶϴԻصĶⲻʱ磬̫ˣȵ磬Ǳõ±ζ϶ꡣ
ҶҲ˵ǰŮѾһ±ζȥһؼңӺŮúõģұŽʱϢȥû뵽ؼҾȻԼ˸Ǵ˻
ǾͺãþȥʱһˣΪûôʱȥһġ
Ҷ룬ڵںϢһᣬȥؼҡ
Ҷĸͷʣأ
شĴǴ̫ҽԺϻģ̫ҽԺʱרСصǲ˸˵λҽ߳λӶιбȱӻҲмϢûȥҳʱϽա
ҪȥˣسǮ˾͸ȥˣƫ¸أһֻһֻˣôֲǡ
ãǮɹ
ģ𲻹ֻһЩ
Ҷ̫⻰ͷģȻתһȦͦ⣬⻹ǵһιȷʵ𽻵Ĳ
Ҷ褽ϢҶæŰ¿ϵĶж
ʱӵ±ˮÿ춼飬˳ϷŽȥ£±ˮûһֱõȵʱΨһȱǷѲ̣¿ϳ˼Ѽ⣬м̡


29 ͱ
ȳ̫, Ҷ̫׼ȥؼҿŮԭҶ褲ȥģҲ, һȥ, ϾҶСȥʱ, 
Ҷֻ̫ͬҶ褸ţΪʱ࣬ûҶֵ͡
ǣҶ褵յؼլߣ߹, ٴС·ԼӺ˾վһͨɫ߷֮ǰ߷ΧΧһȦʯͷΧǽ
Ҷ̫ǰľͷţûһڴ
һֻк̽ͷҶ̫̾ϲغôˣ
кֺ, ԲԲͬԲԲ۾ͱͷ, ౻˷ۺɫ
Ҷ̫ЦеӦĸҲǳ, Խֺ, 벻Ѱ
˵ְҶǣǰ, ǵĸ𣿡
Ҷ褵ͷЦŻá
еòģϵСüҪСһꡣ
ֻһֱɻôֱһģһĺ˭Ǹ˭ǵܵܵģһζûϴ
ĺٺһЦܺ, ôѰ, һһء
ʱĴϤæ߳, Ҷ̫̫֮к׼ĸˣ
Ҷ褽ԺӷһԵԽСԺֻס˵һ𣬳֮Ͳ񷿡
ȻǲķӴ󣬵سȻǲϾس𣬷ۿɲһĹ
Ժʰĸɸɾм仹һ˵أЩͺ߲ˡ
Ҷ̫ϵı¨ȡ£ͷ㣬صŸС̣ЩֵǮɽӸĸСʳԡ
Ǵ͵ģԼժ͸Թˡ
ˣզ
̫ڰ֣Ҷ˭˭
Ѹ׼ģҲһ⡣
̫⻰Žӹ¨
ǿůůϺûȥСӴǱɣãҿسﶼûøõˡ
̫ϡĿҶ褣֣ڻһ佱
Ҷ̫ȿȲ裬ϵЦԽ̡
ĶǶͨ˼ңզܸ︻˼ҵĺӱȡ
ȻҶ̫ô˵ȴҲôģȻµһá
ҶʵûɶΪĿ佱ʵ̫ˣⱲӵĳʤŴõĵط
Ҷ̫Ц֮󣬼ؼ˼ˣʵ
̫ȥ￻ϵùȻŻش𣬡ȥӣи˼ҪŮðױϷĻƻľÿ̰ڣ춼Ӱ
ǰ߷棬Ⱦ˷纮ճҩϢ
ؼһһǱʼһӣؼҲ⣬ϥ¾һ磬ȢС֮󣬵ڶһ˫̥ӣҲرϱ
һúҲá
ÿأҶ̫ĵʡ
أ˼飬Ѿ˴˵Ҫȼҩ
ֻ仰ĹľͰľӶ˳ǸľΪɣľ䣬ÿﶼСʳ
ֱǹӻǶϡ
ǰǳСʳһֹСʳԭǶϣȥƤȥѺгɴĴָС͸֮ˮټѹˮɹɣðζͱǶϣڱһζ
ۼǶϣĿɺãζ壬϶ϲ̫ӷŹȥк
Ө͸̰ɫغϣԽʳָ󶯡
Ҷһţζȷʵãִ͡
һǶϣϵĺҲɢˣҶ̫Ȳߵȥ
ؼһӣмǼסڣסޣסֵܡ
ҶһţһӶյüȣ¶ʮȵ£ڵ¶ȾѾˡ
ҶС֪Լˣòûסµأ¡ıϣͷһɫĨĨһƣɫ֤õ˺ܺõչˡ
е˲ʹӵĸױǸڼŮ
Ҷ̫ȣæ֣ϸϸشһҶСãû¾ͺãƽͺá
ҶС￴һ֣á
ڿߵҡҶ褴ȥûӤûϴȥ̥֬һƬװףټʱѹ׶͵ͷϸ˵㲻úÿ
ÿԼﶼõģҶСҲˣȰ˵ôɰɡ
Ҷͷúܿɰ
Ҷ̫СĵһŮӤȡˣ
ûֵĴҾȡ˸Сţøô
Ҷ̫ĬΣ漴ڵҾͦãϣۼҵĺӶиġ
ǰҲֻĸƽƽġ
˵ҶСִӿһֽ쳢˵ǾǱ߼еģʲôͱݣʵ۵Ӷԡ
Ҷ褶һһֵԲ⣬ΧһȦȦƵĵģеִϵѻ
ֽдסۺ
ҶСһҶø͹ģ˵ģӪҳ˳ζȷʵ
ң
ҶѵģŽϸƷζȻ۾һȻ͵ζܣ⻯һŨζ
ó԰ɣ
óԣҲ֪ôġ
ҶСҲ֪𰸣ص˵̺ܷţҪö̡
Ҫϲһͷøȥʿˡ
ҶеĶ鷳ǡ
ҶС˵Ҳʲô鷳£Ҿߵʱһˡ
Ҷ̫˵꣬ſڣ㼸سǵպ£ʱȥǡ
ۼҽ仯û뵽ĳپȻǵ磬ôĶӶԸ͹
Ҷ⻰ǲɵó˳飬ҽȷʵǸܺõĵƣֻϣ¶ڵɡ
ȻҶ̫Ҳôģæתƻ⣬ʱ˹ҿ
ǲǶˣˣ
ҶСøۣӦǶˡ˵ͱ׼ι̡
Ҷι̵ʱתͷоĲ֣Ƿӡ
Ǽͷ̫ҲûţڼúôţȻһǮŽ¶Ҵҹ뿪
˵·˳ȥү˵һ׼ĸˣǵЩȥ
ҲûȥɱǶ˰Źǰ廨⣬ȥ˼ʵ߲ˡ
һĲˣ̫ʳպãͶؼˡ
ҺҶ̫ı¨óһ£һڰϡ
̫Ÿϱ㶹üﻹЩ轣˵Ů˵ӣǾͶಹһӪɡ
æµ
Źǡ˷ڰײˡ
һ˾ǴͶףټ̫治緹Ȼζ˱ǡ


30 Ź
ͷعøڿ֮ǰϻ
ͷǸӲߵ, ΪЩձһ˫ֲּڣϸС˿ڡ
عøƽƽ, Ȼȴǳߴ, һ׾ŵ, ĸСӱֱһˡ
׼ĸ𣿡ͷЦʡ
ˣܽ۾
̫˲˵Ŀ϶⻰, صŮȽϺãˡ
عøҲһΪȻӣĸʹǼ¡
ҶӱһͿʼ졣
ԷʱǾϲǺŹ֭, Ͷ, ϵİ˷һζ
ڰײ˾ľͰײˣƽ쳣߲, ڰ׷ɫθڴ, ζ嵭ˬ
㶹, Ǳ̫ͽ̰ɫụ̂ҶСóԵú㡣
ҶڳԷʱſ֣Ĳ˵ô, Ϊû, ̫רһˡ
һٷ˰ʱ
극һ, Ҷ̫ǡ
̫զٶ᣿Ҳûطססһٻȥ
ˣҽ绹£ôȥһ˻شá
Ҷ̫Ҷ褵ñӸá
ôˣ𣿡
ǵûУȥģ֮ǰҩЧ
ش˵شиҽͦõģһֱûãȥ
̫ԵͷҲ˼ҩһֱûθڣһȶԲ£ǺȰ̲˵ġ
Ҷ褵ǾǲΪ˵θˡ
̫Ҳ˵ǳҩˣȥشýд򿴿
ˣϽȥɣ컹ģˣȹСôӹأʱҶǴ档
ȥϻָ֮ͷ㻹жùꡣ
Ҷ̫ʹҶ褻Ҷ±ζʱĿɺܶ࣬ǻѾ˲٣дʱ䡣
Ҷ˻æϴɾ
ʱˣ߰ɡ
ɣҸһϴ϶ӡ
Ҷ۾ɵ˸ǷСʵǿǣȻˡ
Ҷһ§Ҷ褣㡣
ҺûشòԶܿ͵ˡ
ֵҶ˺վЦɫϴʱҪ󡣡
Ǹķ棬ǽյڶģǰͷǸûá
˵ķ䣬ʵҲһеļҾӦоУŨŨĲ㣬ϻһɲߣһ֪ǾƷ
˶ڲͷףĺҲǰɫģϵƤȴܹ⻬Ҷ褵һȥʱȻû취䡣
֪󣬽鼮£ͰЦЦҶ֣С
Ҷϣȥ˳ۡ
Ȼʼζû˵ս
⺢ӴǸģڳĲֻǲƣ
⻰ʵҶ褡
Ҷ褱ͷʾû
Ǿˣӣ⺢ӲҪ˵ûвģֻܲһۣһƣû취ֻܺúš
֮ǰ򿪵ҩ
ҩûģԸڵĺ֢궬ǲǾûôηˣ
ҶԴ˺зȨǰҪǷȥ꣬һ춼š
ҩԾˣҪĻÿ˯ǰҩݽţ¿ӣҪ鷳λ̫ȥ̨ȡһҩ
Ҷ̫ţʹӳóһķϣ÷ӵģӦúСĿζ
ȻתͷҶʱȴɫؿڣмµø˵һ⺢պͱػۻˣӹܲס۲һҩǮҲǸСĿ
صؽ֧ߵģ˼Ҷк⺢ɲ˻˵ֵˣֻƽļܶЩѡȻ⺢ӴӦڼܳ谮
ҶһҶ褶ˡ
⸱ӣ㰲ο治ʲô󲡣ӲҪ˵ĻЩƶѪԶһЩвѪЧʳ
ҶȴüʵϿз
һǲ޴󰭡
˵仰ʱͻȻһ£ƽҰԽȴԽŲȨ׳˻֮Դ
ûʲôϵˣѾϻ磬ֻǶһССسǵĴ
Ҷ˿ֻǲػۻˣǾĺ£Ŭһ㣬ЩҵȱͲڵʳԣĵֱȥС
ްͺá
⻰ƺüãǰ÷ҶüĿ˵С죬ģҩ֮ԳһȥȥζҩԲͻ
ûҶ褾ܾѾջ֡
ʱҶ̫Űõҩ˽
ʵɻԵ£
ҡҡͷˣǧǵðҽҩ
Ҷ˽ҩǮӻش뿪
صҶ̫㿪ڣ컹ûڣҾȴűؼˣҪȻ̫ˡ
ҶԴ˲ûҶϴһ͵ſڡ
Ҷ϶Ը·ߵ㣬ҲҪż·˵ȹʱٻؼҡ
Ҷ϶̵ͷǾͷİɣҸϳļ
ȥ·¿ȵҶҴߣһ·ƽ
ҵʱѾˣҶĸ
һһС࣬ͷ̲һܲɡ
ܲҶԵ̲ˣҲܼ򵥣ѡİܲϴгϸϸϸ굽ˮȫظɣ±ɹɹܲɹˡ
ɹõܲɹһˮݿ֮ˮ֣Ǻץȣһͣܲɣȿθ·䷹ͷܺʣ⣬ʮֽ塣
õܲɴ̳һֱ֮󶼲ỵ
Щϸϸ˵Եúܶ࣬ʵҲǹһѡ
Ҷɵϵʱȴǳһֻоȫ
˸ƽռ䣬˯ǰĺġ
š
ͱԭһƷдƷģ֮֮֮֮ӡ֮ΪǱݣ³Ϊζ
൱ִƷ
ԭѾͰǵǲҲ
Ե⵹ʮϲֻͻȻ뵽ˣĿڸ˶ܾ˵ġ
㲻Ǯ˳ҲǸѡ
ҪͻҪţ̣Ǽûĸţ·ϴڼţСţ
ҶҲ֪ܲ͡
Ҳõĸ̲УһǼֻǺҪĲƲëܹ֯ëߣܺȻֱͣȫ¶Ǳ
Ҷ褱鿴ȻǸ߹ԼľûȷҳͲر۾˯֮С


31 
Ҷ춢żֻʱ, ʱȴѾ֪Ĺȥˣ·һգ۵Ĺ򣬴ζԽԽŨ
оô˵, СС, ˾ꡣ
ɴ˿ԿǴ˽ڿʼġ
˽Ҷ̫һ, ǹ𸻹˼ḻʳ˵Եʮƽƽ棬ζȴỤ̃ǹﱾζ
Ҷʱһʳ, дСסӡ̶춹ʣмӺʹ棬ӦǰѼʳһֽȥ
ܲɣж⡣
Ҷ϶һ࣬ȥһĵط, ϴȥûȥ, Ҳ֪ûС
ǲˣɣǸ, ζá
Դ֮, ͳǴĳʳ, û˲ϲʱһȥζκܡ
Ҷ̫һۣȻ²ס졣
Ҷ϶Ҳ, ٺһЦ, ⲻǶʵ̫ó𡣡
ҶĸȴǾʹ̸˶⡣
񶹸Ѿسпڱ, Ǵ嶼˸ţȷʵǶĸЩ˵ԵسҲ򶹸ˡ
ǿԤģȻͨͨŲ㣬ǺںҲв̣ǵĿڿഫĵطĸ˼ұвǲ򶹸
ټһЩн̻򶹸ô£ſü춼ģҲܰѶǼԶطˡ
ȻⶹܾôԶĵطˡ
Ҷ褿ǴѾĳˣֻǰϢݵĲͨûйΪ֪
Ǽҵ±ζҲвط˹򡣡
±ζʵæµҶÿ춼æýŴס
Ͼٽ꣬ÿʱ򣬶ǿɵʱæһ꣬ɲúúһԼ
ߵӳҪ±ζҳҲľܾһһǸһ㣬ٳɶ¿ɾͲˡ
Ȼͳ˸⣬Ҷ϶ļѼ߲ѾʼӦ±ζӵˣЩҪȥĻʲô򲻵
ʱˣõȹģֳС
Ҷͷ룬˶Ǽ£ֳʳᴫǰͷнʹ壬ⶹҲͦõġ
ٷҶͷλġ
극Ҷ϶ʹȥΣѾ˺ü㣬мƴˣֻؼ㡣
ֱ㡣
ͷʺͷһֻۣͷϵ⣬һͻˣ˳ʳȥһֱθ
ֻмֵرע⣬Ǿĵ֭жᵼǰҪƬȫȥ
Ҷ褻ǵһγ㴽ۣÿӴ˴ѣŽζϵķͺ񣬶˵ۿĿʵЧǼʼǡ
㴽ǱҪóԣϸ壬ʱִ࣬͸Ƶġ
ͷ۵ĵط⣬ֻкҴС۵ó棬ò˵
ʵͷĻӦóԣҶʵǳԲȥʲôԻһӦǿܻм棬ʵȫ
ͷٺȵһ¶ǣζ˲ڿǻƣһ鶳Ǿ˫㡣
һ㱻ҶȫԹˡ
㣬컹ں࣬ת۾͵Сꡣ
һ£׼ɱˣǴǿʱȫһǮģҸι˼һһһļҶռˡ
︺˼׼ɱɱҵùȥæ
Ҷ̫ʰ緹ԵͲóˣֱӹȥɱˡ
Ҷ褺һ࣬ʣ̣ܸһȥ𣿡
ûɱأе档
Ҷ̫ñӣҶ褵ͷѵûͬ󣬡ɱѪģûɶÿģһڼţ߸һȥ档
ǺðɡҶЩźҲ⡣
ҶҲ˵ɱûʲôÿģһȥűӣҸ˵˼ˡ
Ҷ褳극͸ҶӼȥӣŮΪ̫ԲԸš
ʱĺ˲٣һȻ죬ڵűӵģҲڳµġ
ӴӲ˺
δǱºͱӣҲ൱ִݣײǶĹԱ֤ڱϱ鶯ʱʼתᵹء
ڵűһøߵĻʽӱһŵȴľ壬ýʵ̶ڽŵףһͿһֻŵľ廬һֻŲڱϡ
߹ȻܼªҶҴ˿ȴʵʵͯļ䡣
Ҷӱһɵӣʲô
¡Ҷ۾˵
Ҷ褵ͷҲ
СҶˬӦ
°Ѷı·ڱʹһתڱ¾תʱһ˦ľ˱ӣݺݵس鶯
žžžһΣԽתٶȾԽ죬ȶһٶϡ
Ҷӱ߽̣߳Ҹ˵ҲмɣʱҪϳ飬ҪɾĻѱµƽƻĻ¾ͻᵹ
ڱϿٵתš
̵òˣͰѱӵݵҶһһΡ
Ҷӹ֮ѧҶӵƳѾʼٵı£һֻ˱ı㣬ʹñڱһ¡
һ죬æ׼ֳһΣµǳˣȻ֪Ϊɶ¾Ȼûζ㵹ڱϣҺסˣֻٶȴԽܿ͵˱ϡ
𼱣鼸ҵָоͺˣʵܼ򵥵ġҶӰοʹôľʱҪбų顣
Ҷ褵û֣ǹ۲ҶӺҶµĲ֮֮ͬŽӹӡ
ȻһγʱҲڱϻζ£ôǳɹˣ˵ʵͦ˼ġ
ҶҲˡ
ֵվڱ£ûһͶˣڱϵתš
һᣬҶ褱ţڴЬӽЬôƤѥЬ֮жɵġ
϶ȲִѥӱůЧѾǲѿ⣬ûȱ㡣
˫ȥڼģ㴩죬ڻʮֱů
˵ǼڱضеһӲݣʱΪţϣ֮Ҳ֯ΪʹãҶ˯Ŀ̵ľݵӡ
ҶӿҶ褵ĶѯʵҪҪȥůů棿
ҶȻδҶҲҡͷû£һ䡣
׼µʱ򣬰ͻȻ
ҶֺȥֻøƵС˷ܵشӰܹ
ǰʱſҶԺҶ˨
ȥǵģ˵棬͹ˡ
Ҷ̫ա
˼Ҷ˨ңҶ̫ȥҶ˨Ұæˡ
ҶԵͷ漴ʵһ治
Ҷ飬˶࣬űӰɣһ˭Ȼߡ
ӲʲôѵõĶһҶ˨˲õ˱кӵͬ⡣
ҶԾԾԵͬʱܵ˵ûҪͱμˡ
Ҷҡҡͷ档
ҶҲ˵ڲǸǺ滬һ¾С
һҪСģǧˤˡ
Ҷ褵ıģ־ֺãӹ̶ҽϣڱ΢Ӧһ£Ͼ⻹һ档
ܿͿʼˣʮӶվͬһϣһ£ͻɽһһҶֻоз紵һʱѾԶԶ
ҲûŵõһҲա
Ĺ۲죬ЩǰĶмɵģҶӾǻеʱűӵĽһбһֻŵأֻֻٶȾͺܿ졣
ȻҲˤӵˣǶûƵģˤñ˷Լһվˡ
ȻҶӵһ԰
Ҷӹ֮󻶺һӮˣ
˶ķڷǰҶӵļĴָ
ҶЦԽģܵԺ˵ôɡ
Ҷ޵
ҶӦþʺ˶ˣһ汲Ŵġ
һȺСںϷ˰죬ֱҹʱǲɢ
Ͻȥʰһ£ûŵζɱѾˡ
Ҷ˨ѱϵĺӶˡ
ҶҲ⣬ǻ˼ңѶŻȥȻȥҶ˨ҳɱˡ


32 ɱ
ںֵʱ, Ҷ˨ҾȻæµ
ΪʮֻɱǴڰǰԤһϤɱ֮ǰ, ҪһЩɱǰ׼
ɱɱԱ, ëĵӡɱİ塢ָӡиʽ֮ľҪԼ׼ˡ
Ҷ̫֮Ǹ, Ҫ˰Ƭɱļ㣬Ȼгϸϸ˿еװһ衣
˱졣
ͷİҶ˨Цĺ, ˶ʳιǣۼÿϵķʱ춼ԽԽࡣ
̫Ӧ㿴Ƕʲôöģ˶ܳ, ˵ˡ
ͷ, ֵܷҲ಻٣ʱеĳˡ
⻰һ䣬ͬ, ɲ, ҼСŰӳ, Ȼͷ⣬Ҿ͸ײ˽ӣ
ǸóԽӵġ
˵̫ͻȻѹ˵ǲ˻᲻Ƥɱˡ
һ֮Сʵǲģֻ̯ʮ˼֮ÿҲʮǮ, ûͲ, ȻȴôһǮ, ÿɱ˵ʱʹչѵģǿڶͬ˵ûֹռ˲ٱˡ
Ҷ˨ͣϵĶôܲһǾҲһһҪ˼ҡ
ҴѾ˵׵ˣɾƾǼҵļҷ磬˼ԸȢǼҵĹﰡ̫ٴθпҴôңһ˼ңԸȢҴ
Ҷ̫ǼҸͬһؽģôô󡣡
ɲǣҶ˨ӦҵҶͯʶ֣˵ΪӱܽѧԺ˵лῼͯ
Ҳҷ̰ԭ򣬱ϾҪͺӽѧԺҪ׼Ñʦ
ЩҪǮġ
̫ͣҼǵѾʮ˰ɣʺϲμԡ
˱ȣ˵Ҷͯɣ걻ȥںԺɰ࣬һֱѧʮűȥμԣҲԺϣһͨٺԶûԾͲٿˡ
أ˵Կɲô׿ġ
ɵĶһۣĬĻ˸⡣
»Ҷ˨ͷǹŮ޵ģϾڴҲûĿ԰ˡ
´ҵŮɽѾʮ׵ýŶ´ˣѲǼҪ׸
Ҷ̫ˣо£´ôһǧٳŮԸ޳ȥҲʵ
Ҷ˨׸һ²ûʲôֻЩ׸ʲôˡ
ϾֻмʵýҲ˼ҲŻԸȥ׸һһЩ޷ܵȱ㡣
´ŮʵǸùºͣѧҽʮĸ˵˲д򿴵Ĳȥ
Ҷ˨Ҷ˨ʱѲһʬǿȻĸӴ֮Ҷ˨ұӺ´ŮΪˣڶȥݷһΡ
ϣеƷж˰ɡ
Ҷ̫һۣοİɣ´Ůˣ˵ƷԿ϶Ӳ۾ǲᷢ㵣ĵ¡
ĵϵҲͶˡ
ǴʱҲѾץֻڰϣ֫ʵʵ
ɱð׳ɱ濪һСڣѪ˲ӻСӿڵĴҶ˨վߣֳһľʹѪԷ̡
ȽһѪֻҪԺ΢һͻọ̈̄ѪȲ㻬ۣôóԡ
ѪԽԽ٣ĶҲԽԽ΢ѪˣҲͲٰ
ɱõҪˮϽȻùëëʵٿͷ㣬ƶǡ
ͳЩǿԳԵģζǲӪֵҲߣǧӵ
Сⶫ࣬ʵôѪĳ¡
Ҷ˨ųŵСߣϴʱᷢʮ׳
ѪʵѣѵϴСòľҽСϵȻĨζ꣬һܵõɾĳ¡
ˣѪϣǽҶ̫ģһһıѪˮȻгĩĴн⵹Ѫˮ֮УٽеζΡͽ͡
߽Ա֮󣬾ͿԽй೦ˣڳµ׶˰Ͻʵӣһ߽ϹȥȫٰһӰνѪ
ԱߵҶ˨æӹõѪŽ죬̳гɺƬһζϸ壬һҧʹɤۻȥ
ĴڹţһһҶ˨Ҷڰ֮¡
ҶӼʱÿʱȫ˶Ѿˣ峤϶⣬ΪӲûʵĶʢһĵϳԡ
ҶǼΪҶ˨ҹϵ׽ԵԺʹ峤һͬڿԡ
мһѪԱҲмӣŸְɵĲˡ
¶ʮȵƫƫСԺȻ죬ϳⴵţŮרżŷʱԣʱʱעߵĺӡ
ҶҲԵ˫չĹģƨɵŵȿһ㶼䣬Ѫ˺óԲ壬ʮֿθѪһζûУڼ
̣Ǽҷֵ£þöûˡҶӴյҶ̫˵ӽֵܷء
Ҷ̫һۣô⻹԰ŵȹʱӳԣҪڳˣʱɶ
ҶʵҲһʣҶ̫ûͬ⣬Ҳתſӳϴİȥ
һ˶Ե͵ġ
Եһ룬ͻȻһ󰧺
Ҷ褼в˵һ٣ôˣ
Ҷ˨æܳȥûһִҴҽ´һ£ˤˣһֱվ
´ԸϽĿӣһߣͬʱС´Ҳסˣһߡ
ĴǸԶһۣﶼ棬Լͬĸ˳ȥ
ҶһҲû⣬ǳȥһŷ̫ڵϣߴر߰۰Ǽô£ûɾҪˤô͵ҪǸ𣡡
˵⻰ʱ򻹲ֱ߲²ء
´ʱڵϸһС´ǣ˭û
զˣ
ȫ̵Ĵ˷ԣʻ̽ӵԸɱ˲˵Ѳ˷ŲߣûǼҵķݣɱ˾ͲˣԴõĵ
˵Ǵ˭֪͵ʴףûԺأһžͲ˸նϵıڝһ¾ˤڵϡ
⻰Ҷ褲ſ̫ɢĲװкüŹǡ
ôûʯͷ̫ҿ˸ˣ궼һһС䷹
һĴȣûⲻˤ֮ʯͷؼҽ
̫ˣĵѲ
˭֪ء
Ƕ˽󲿷˶̫ܡ
ѾˡС´Լ˵أֻҪһ¸λͺãҲԿҩܺõøЩ
̫۾һתҪǮ
λҪǮ
˵⻰С´ˣҶֻһž̫İ

ˣԴϢҪ·Źһ¾ͺõòˡ
ʱʯͷҲˣ̫һϱûĵģûһڵϣϽҡ
æСܹȥ̫
˵ʵⳡҶ褿һᣬһ£һְԲնյ̫ԼȫѹһСŮϣ˺Ѳ֮ͬģɺʯͷĽ׳ģȴûһȥæ
ǰߴվһҿһų⡣
̫Լϱϣվֱ׳ĶҶ˨˵Ǽûˤܵøɡ
Ҷ˨ҲӲֱĵ㲻Сģô˭ʱʱעԺǷ˵Ҫôܲȥ
͵õΪû˿
⻰һ̫ˣѲһأﻹ߶ײ˵ʲôò
뿪ıӰҶ˨һԹ
Ҷĸֱߣ˱ˣΪ˲ֵ
ȴȫûбӰ죬ڴ峤ųŸˣӻؼƿƣÿ˷һС
ƬطվƣɫԴλƣζԵص˼ȲߣǿľƲܳƵǾƣĺһ㶼ζ
Ʊյ֮䣬ɫ
ɱһֱԵϣʱ峤ַ⣬һͷӽİٽ⣬лӺͷƽָÿһ˼ңÿԼֵܷ⣬ȻǲϾȥÿŷֵˡ
£һ͹һ˳Ժü٣궼õûԡ
Ҷ褼ҷֵһʱ⣬һ廨һ㣬Ǻ⣬ҲǴ峤صǼҵġ
֮⣬ΪǿѡѷָԼȥĽֻӳԣҶִ̫ǶǮＹӡ
صңǼͱҶ̫ɢԺȶһҹͿԷŽĴףһһѩٸϸӣܴ浽꿪ҵٴνóԵʱ⻹Ǽʵġ
ҶӶЩʿˮóԣЩǣζ͸ˡ
һһۣ㲻ǸճԹզô
˭˵Ա˾ͲܲģĵҶֱ׳˵Ҿڻٳ⡣
Ҷ̫߾ʱ⻰͵ִһҶӵͷɶԣϽϴϴ˯ȥ
Ҷͷһȥˡ
Ҷ褴ʱǽˢҶͷܹʱȵĿһۡ
˶֪ҶӲˢÿζ룬ôô
һɻСһЦ͵ѵˣ˭СȰȵġ
Ҷһ⻰ˣҶ첻µز£̺ÿǾ͸èƵģ˵òС
뵽ҲЦˢֿǺһ£۸̽ӣϽˢӣ˿ˮ졣
ôһҶҲˢĲˣŶݣ׼Ͽ˯ͿСͻȻ̽ͷ
Ҷ褳֣һ˯𣿡
⻰䣬С׾͸ƵܽϿԼŰŰĽűߡ
Ҷͷ
ŽһεȻ첻Ը
ҹҶ˯ʱȴͻȻڴһУ˲ҹİ͵۾ʱһŲ
С׶ˣܣҶıȻϸǴҴġ
Ҷĸ͵ƸϹֻһ£ҶѾǰȥûŵɣ
ҶŲŲλãûŵ
Ҷĸλ˿ҴҴǣûŵУʱ仹磬Ҫ˯᣿
Ȼܲ˯ȴܾģǱַ߲֪ʲô£һֱ¡
ӶһҸˣǵĵƹ
ҶҵžʱģҶ϶³ȥţ򿪺ŷ淣ż·ڱѩɪɪ
齹˵Ҷ壬̳£һæ
Ҷ϶££ڣȻȥһ͹ȥ
뿪ȥ˼·Ȼ쿴Ҷ̫˵ҹȥڼš
Ҷ̫ӦʹҴҸȥңŸ̤ԺӾһɳ̲ססӺ
զ°
վé޿ڣæش𣺡̰ҹȥé޲Сĵȥҵ취
Ҷ϶һ飬ֲôأȻŲûͣȥֻéںһƬֻһյС͵ɢ΢Ĺâ̫̱ܿéӵס
ͷȫʺ˽ٵģоֻҪһûͻᱳȥ
ϴʱ취̫ӿӵֻӰСһֱûɹȴվһߣֶ졣
Ҷ϶üȥһȦԺӣӲҳһ
Ȼ˵һȥϣȻȣһ
Ϊɶȥ
Ҷ϶һ仰͸˻ȥΪ
ɱµ޻˵ֻýӹӣűȥ
Ŭ̫ڱֻϵζҲԽԽ壬ѬҶ϶ûȥ
̫Ҳ䲻Ѿûʶر΢æܳȥ´
ǰѼŮǸϽˮ̫ϴϴ
Ҷ϶û£˼ҡ
ؼҵһ¾ˮϴ衣
Ҷɩߺһֱû˯ţ֮ĵһ仰ȴǣôô
ˣ̫éӣζҹⱲӶˡ
ϽϴϴɣȥҼ·
ڶҶһѹ͵֪£ǲɵó˳飬̫éѲв֮ԵϴҲǳԻ˶éӣθˣֱӵȥˡ
Ҷ϶˰ҹһθڶûУֻ̫̫࣬Ų̫ãҲ֪ھΡ
һȥ֪ˣ㣬ôͳô㣿Ҷɩʵǡ
ɶһζһ˵
Ҷֻ¶ûθڣ͸Ҷ϶ˡ


33 ճ
ΪҶҺұϾھ, ˵ȵڶһҶ̫ȥ˸ڣʱŷִ峤ͺ´ŮȻڡ
Ժһɳζ, ϻƻưװ׵ĺۼ, Ҷ̫ܿЩط, ߵ´ߣ߽´˵ԽԽ
˵ֻԴϢզһ˳ȥºˣԭֻѾ, λ֮Ϣһ¾ܺãڽˣطĹͷ֪պָܻܲá
´û˵ֲҽĲ˾ͷ۵͡
⻹Ҫġ
ô, ̫ߴ˶ã
, 淿ڻش𣺡Ӧչ̣ҹʯͷͻȻͷۣ̾ȥչʯͷ, Ҳ֪ʲôʱȥé޵, ҵȥʱȻһû, ȥé޵ʱŷȻȥˡ
һʱ䣬̫é˰ʱ
С´ʱӻҸոռ壬ͷиǵȥʱײ˵ϣֱʧȥʶ, Բûȡ
´̾, ˺, зףպܻȫ沿бﲻ֢״ֲѳģҲǼᲡ֢
Ҷ̫⻰һûзˣֻôҲû뵽̫ȻҲзˡ
зҩĿɲˣҾճҩЧҲ˵Ͼû˵зܳȬ
³ˣͰ͵˵ôߴһ𣿡
´һۣȻüͷҪԼʪ·ȥվʱԿ
仰µ޻˵
ҪͿĨҩ಻ˣ˿벻ҪǲĻǾֻľ嶨ȻȹͷԼá
ҩϡ鲹Ѫߵҩɣ˺´Ҳ࣬Ҫӻشҩ۸ͺܹˡ
´ûûǮҩ
ȻһһҩҪӣҡͷͿҩˣֱľ̶ɡ
´ҲûжȰֻĬĬֽ̫Ľ׸λȻСаι̶ס
ٿзķӣ۸ûôǼǵÿμιԡ
зЧõҩСȻˣҲҩҩģϾһζҩ˲ΣԺ´ǿһһġ
һ٣תϱ˵´һȥץҩ
Ȼ⻰ȴֹ
ôˣɿ⸱ģͷʣлͿ˵
ӣСڣҲ֪ǮĶˡ
һ¡һڣΪȻҲ֪ǮĶ
ӺβųʱһǮⲢ̫ǮԼص˽Ǯ
Ҳֻˡ
ǮݸϣϽӹ֮СŸں´뿪
Ҷ̫ûˣؼңԷʱµӽ
ֵ̫ôéء
Ҷɩ֣ǽѾˣƽûʹ˰ɡ
Ҷ褶һ˵ﾹȻ˿⣬̫Ϊ׼
Ҷɩڣз治һǼ¡
Ҷ˷׷׵ͷͬ
ȷʵٶĽ˵Ǽ¡
̫зϢֻһʹӣ֪ϢдĵһӦֽкãǼˣֱ˵ⶼıӦ
ʱȫΧңҶ褲Ҷ̫֥ùӵĳ¡
һźֲܿģ̫зȫͬ顣
˵Ǵһ괦ڳԹǰߵĸŮ
ǻǵ̫ϱ淺һŮ𣿡
Ҷ̫ӣͷǵãֻǺӲΪû
ǸŮҡҡͷص˵Ǻʱǻúúõģǻ̫éġ
̫һ㶣զ֪ģ
Ϊֻ̫òϯӽǺһʱպþ͹ȥһۡ˵̵ССӤȫ¶ʺҶ֪̫ôĵġ
Ҷ̫룬ɵǲԣ̫ѾĸŮˣٶһҲûɶɣɥĵ°
ǻ̫뵽ʲôǹұĳ̶Ȳࡣ
֮úҲһܻҲǸҩӣĻ̫µġ
˵ǲǾǱӦ
⸾ܽᾹϸ˼ֵĸоҶԭͲǸᶨߣ˵ԽͿռ䣬͸ηˣӦ鷴вޡ

淣
淽˺ü淲ŷӦ
ôˣ
զˣôĲɵģɻʡ
æҡҡͷû£еˣ㣬㻹û˵ɶأ
ŶһȥιһҩѾˣͷڿϡ
˵⻰Ϳʼʰ
⻰һ٣ɰΣСĿʵ㣬ǲҪ֮ǰá
Ȼչ̫ĻƼز٣Ȼ֮ǰҪִ̫Ҫõö࣬ÿٷٶܳԵ߰˷ֱˡ
ʻӵֲɵͣԼĸ첲ͦõġ
ö֪ѾʼýŸ˵ˣʨӴ󿪿ҪԷӵĲͬ˼ңзЩë
ĶһʮģһöʮӵĲ񣬵淼޹ȥǼҵˣûһϵ
ĵһӾǱģʮӾ͵·ֻ˵ǼҹŮû粡š
ǿһֻöʮӾ͸ˡ
ҪԼ͵£ֱ޹ȥʱΪ̸ź¡
ܸ˵¡
淵Ļ˿ӦҲڵͦõģȥιҩˡ
ȳžʣһ˵ʱޱ飬ʵ̵éӵ˾ģȻȴһǮԹΪûʱ
ЩҲѹֲסĶֱӰé޵Žϣʵûô࣬Ͼ̵Ǻܴģ϶Ȼû뵽̾Ȼڿӵ׻һӣֱû춼Ϊ
øзƫ̱³ԳƵǴġ
淶ҩݣڿб󣬲ɵ¶һЦݡ
ҵ˵ҲҶ褼ûɶϵǼҾֻǰͽԺǼﻹæճ
ճƤеĻϰɵģνǴ׾ɹĥɵۡ
ۻ֮ˮ淢ͣһֱŵζʱǷɹ
ճú춹ܿģҶ褼õľǺ춹ֻҪϹ춹죬ʱǧҪעһ£ǾǺ춹ƤܱƣȺ춹ˣٽɶɳѰȥְѶɳųĴָôӡ
׼֮󣬾ͿûѶɳŰɶŽҶĴ
Ҷ̫һʮճܹһֱԵ꿪õճⶳһ죬ͶӲˣʲôʱԾͿֱӴýŹһȣճֻҪմǳԾͺζˡ
ϣǼҾͳ˸ûȺŵճ
ڸϣرÿʻưɫ滹һƬɫҶ
ҶͰҧճƤһҧй̵Ķɳֱ𣬶ĶҲŴÿӼʱ˿
ŴĿڸе⣬⻹Ҫһ㡣
˵ʳܹο˵飬û˵һճ¶ǣҶ⼸첻̫õ̾
ôʳͰϣȻҶȴʼ
̣¶ʮˣܲ԰
Ҷ̫ʵڱˣֻӦаɣʮ˻ȥϴ󼯡
Ҷı죬ǰ߶ˡ
ˣǴһǿɵúúùһΡ
Ҷ̫⻰гԳճҶ̧ͷøײһǰЩûգһֱһ
ҶĸƴǵСӹɶο̫ˣѹһѹϵʱһ볤ԾС
Ҷ̫ȴͬ⣬ǰ궼ô򵥹ģò˲٣һòϡ
ҶĸҲͲˣ˵ĺеôЩûҲȷʵί˺ӡ
仰δҪ£ҶϴҶͻˣЩҲ
һע⣬Ҷ褾ճԭΪûɶ£˯ʱŷӾŵܡ
ҹ﷭ȥһֱû˯ţڶѹʱ
ܵ﷢ģԺʳһ


34 꼯
ӻ𣿡Ҷĸε˵ճٺó, ҲܲԸ尡
ѷɽˮҶҷ˵۽ȥζӦûô, Ͻһ, Ҫǻ, ͵ȥ´Ƕһʳҩ
ɽ髹ӵζɬũ˺ֱʳãҪˮͺܷ㣬ȿθʳ, ֱӽɽ髵ȥѣȵˮ忪ҪᵹֻҪͷһ۾ͺˡ
Ҷ褽ӹһˮд΢ζɤۻ, ˲͸οһ޵Ķӡ
˭ֻ֪ճܱŵҶ褶ʱˮ, һճֻô󣬾Ҳడû뵽ų
Եʱûоò, ֻٳһĴ
Ҳû뵽, Ҷĸⶫ, θܺܰӦġ
ҶæҡҡͷԼ̰졣
ʱҶ̫˽оôˣʵڲоȥ´
Ѿû, 㲻˵Ҫ𣿡Ҷתƻɶʱʼ
Ҷ̫һɫȷʵ, 㶣Ϳʼ, úϢ岻͹˵
˼Ҷ褵ͷŹȥ
ʱҶҵȻæµţгɶʱ죬Ҷɩһֱȵʱѹˮ꣬ŰѻСʱѾή˽ɫ͡
ͺֿǰߵɸŻụ̂ͷЩΣ͵̰֮ɫģźü궼ʣҪ͵ʱֻҪøɾĿһڹȾˡ
ҲҶװһ裬ɢŨ
Ҷ̫һֵ̻ôһֻҪһǳԾУʣµĶһӡ
ҶɩֽôʢϣȻʣµĶɶɸ߬ð˻һ
ǱҶĸҲѾϴɾֽнгĭͺˮһ𵹽ÿӽȣһھˡ
ڽƤ͸ˣõСۣټҶɩСŹ⻬ƣԴһʳζ
һ˽ߦɳгһһСӣһߦСߦмܱԲαƬʣ˾ֻר־İӡ
Ϊڸһ裬ԵһɻſڰŰˣǼӰľȻǺɻ˻Ҷ̫Ƕϸ£ԲԪνӷڸϣһɰ
һŰѽӰãʱҶ϶Ҳ¿ֵܴس˻¿ϴСȫ˴س
ҶҶĸ֪Ҷ褳Զ˶Ӳ㲻üͷȥ￴
ҶںǱɽˮʵѾˣʱڵϸСϷ⿴߽̾ϲվˣ
Ҷӹ˹ĶӣѲܣ
ˣʵԭûʲô£ȱɽˮʳͺˡҶ褹ɵ˵λǲǿԴü졣
Ҷһӳ˲ſţ⼸ڼú
˵ֱ߳ȥȥĶ
ȥʱԺţҶӱ׷ܣϴߺôͲ֪ӾͲǸģīֽ⻹ʳ
⻰ҶϴǺɨּӿ˲Сӣôʰ㡣
Ҷ褴һͿ¿ϵ¨ӣıīֽ⣬һ֪۸񲻱ˡ
òƻֹһݣΪҶҲ߹ȥóɫװ鼮Ҷͯ鵥飬꿪ȥ˽ÿá
ҶͯǶʵѵ飬ֻЩֳģôʹãּģõЩҶ褼ȴҪ׾ˡ
ҶǸҪ˽ӵĺӸˡ־ټա͡ǧġҲνǧʱºͯõ鼮
Ҷ褸սӹװ飬һīζԽ֮Ҳѹ֣ͨʵǿ飬һֺܷص塣
ЩзݣŮУȻǲȥ˽ӣǼ˿Խ֣һǴҶĸǶʶֵġ
һҶջûӹҶϴɨ㣬ŶѵϽѶպãŪˣҲٽţ
Ҷӿͷٷ
ˣϽʰʰԷˡҶ̫ͣ£ԸģٲԽӸˡ
Ĵߴ£ܿһ˾ϰһ¨ӣǹһˮģԲÿһо
ʱҶ̫һŽҶţԵҲ֪ɶóԵģ綼˽ӡ
Ҷ̵ĽŽȫˮﲻóˣȽӻóԡ
ԼԵͬʱкˣԣбǵҪմ˰ǵĳԡ
˸Ͳ˵ֱϴ
˵Ҷ̶̰ͳٿ벻ǰǸèĺӡ
ܶˡ
ЦõĿһۣԾԼ԰ɡ
Ҷ褵ǳԲ³ܶӣϾѾƢθĴ̶˺̵ʶ
ˣҲܺóˣˮ֮Ѿûô壬ֻʣµ㣬ˬθˣպϴ׺ͺζ
һӣٺһνԭԭʳɡ
֮Ҷ褶ʱ̾
Թ緹Ҷ̫ȰѶԺĽջȻſʼʰ
ʰʰ׼ȥͰˮΪԺĴˮֻʣһס
Сû¿ֻҪúϢС
ҶҲ⣬ϻϢձݣͿ⿪ʼƮѩѾǽĵ峡ѩˣҲ֪ʲôʱͣ컹ͣ˵ĻǼҸϴ󼯿ܾҪðѩȥˡ
׷Ĵѩһֱµҹ
ƣ¶ʮߣ׼ϴ󼯡
ⳡ󼯿سÿ¶ʮ߹ٸỮרŵǸϼʱˣ˻˵ʮȤ
ѵȫܹһеӣҶ컹ûʱ˴Թ緹һںͼӶ¿ϣΧ¿߲С
ҶҴȥسǵһ·ϣвʶˣҶ̫ʱʱ͵ôк
ǼҺã¿ͷܹǮǿҲͷ¿
ɲǣ¿ɱţ˶ˣֲۣȴʱ򻹿Ըأʵͷһ㶼
Ψһȱǳò񣬲ⲢҪǿеľ¿ӱʵݡ
Ǽ¿⣬Щ˼Ź磬Ҷ褿ٶȾҲһȤ
Ҷ̫§˵ۼС׳ˣҲ磬ʱ㡣
Ҷ褴ʱﱧƤˮңСɱ˪µǳѩ治СһֱڶܸоŨصʪ
Ȼɻ˸⣬С𣿡
⻰ǵҶҴ˷׷ЦҶɩͷҵĹԹŶ㻹ûһأĹһٽңզ㡣
Ҷ֪˸ЦɵúԼǸһٶʮĳˣȴػʮ
Ҷ˾ڻֵﵽسǣΪٸһĽ˰ԳſڼΪ֣ŵĴŶӣҲ˴ʳС
ͷӦоУ۸񶼲󣬾ͳԸȺ㣬ȥҲû£ؼԸҲܳԡ
ϸУĦࡣ
һһС̯ţֻ·һ·ĵ̯ƥƤëģɫζϵģʳģֱ֯ģġ
ĵطһεġ
ΪһĵطһǱԼͥΪλֿˣҶҶĸǣҶ褵䡣
Ҷ߱˵ҼǵȥһˣȤ֪ǻ᲻
ˣȥĶݶǲ̶ģÿ궼ỨѲʱ·ϣ겻żң˵ϷӾǵļңܲٿͬıݾ͵ÿ⡣
Ҷ褵ǾòˣûûϵΪھѾˣǼ̯㹻Ŀת
һ·ϣҶĸҶ褵۾Ǻ«ͣһᣬǮһǺܴɽǺ«һϡһҧȥɽ髵˲ﱬվ࣬ɵýüͷΪǺ«βһζ᲻³
Ҷ˻Ǻ«ʱͻȻϣ˳ĿȥֻһڣȥԼĪʮҵ곯ǸЦЦ߻һɫѵСˡ
кһǸӦòֹСС;зȣͦҶԺðһʫŴ˪
ǣߵʱﻹмźôԵƼˮ꣬ټˡ
үԽˣү̫̫ڸţҪȹȥ
СЦʵ
ʻ˹תŶ˾ǵȲˣҲգȥɡ
СӲڴðһŵĺܰⲻ̫̫ү𡣡
粻÷תҪΪ˵֣ҵ˼ң̽һĸŲԸ֣
ȻһɰС˲٣뵽̲סǺ«Сɵ¶һĨЦ⡣
ƽܵܵҲղСһ˰ɡ
뵽֣ҵ͸ˡ
߷ҶһŲֻ֪ǸпһᾹȻ˵ĳ೤ϣȻĶʱ㽫Ժ
ǸӣȫǲӼг˴ĴָôغɫӼżһܼ־֢߳ӿ־֢˿ˣһе
ϣһָͷĲϳ棬ɣר˿ֳͬһʳġ
һӼʮǮһ
ԿӲ̫ɰͰ͵˵仰ͱ졣
ʮǮʵˣϾӼѵãҲġ
ҶĸЩĶڱ߳ǣܳԵĳӼԹӼȻҲ⡣
һɣۼҾûвԵġ
Ҷ˵ӹҶ褳ʣµİ봮Ǻ«³꣬Ȼǩӽ¨
С
ҶĸȥһӼרõãƹغȫŽ¨
˵̯ͦʵڣ˵һһһ㶼ûȱ
Χܵ˼˸Ǯ˵ҪһǸ˵ҪʮģûһĲӼȥ١
ӼˮųԾͺܺóˣϰ߿ըųԣҲζ
ҶĸŲӼ䣬ѿζ΢ըһ¾ִˬڡ
ҶȴŲӼ˸æƿ۾
֮⣬һһЩͺ棬кʺ֮˳ԣСһ࣬Ѫֲߺͽһɺ潪裬Ůµʱһͻܶࡣ
Щɢɢĳʳռ¨һλá
˹䵽һʱ򣬲ͻȻ
Ҷֵܣ
ԭҶʶ̯ϰ壬֧̯СľСʷ棬Ⱥ⽻ð˿˾ʿˮ
Ҷֵܿϣůůӡ
̯˵ҲûҶӦæõ½ȾӨ͸⽸ŵ˳ٽһ׼˺ʹȥ
öл±ζҼҴòС
ǰ±ζӹ֮󣬻ʣһЩû꣬Ҷ͸˳̯лͣھӣöⵢʱ䡣
⽱̯Ҷǰ
ҶҲûƴǣϾĹϵ⽶ûʲôʵġ
Ҷûʲôθڣֻĸӣŵζ󣬶
һ⽣൱ʵڣҶĿ⣬Ǽһ͵ֵһ롣
еƤһҧȥ͵ڣɿڵļһһʳ
Ҷҧ⽵ʱȻԵһСĽ˽Ũζӯǻԭǰ
պó̯Ц˵ûгԵϲ
ǰ𣿡
ǰиඣһ¨ֻŰָͷֽ̯ܵģѵһ
ֵİŴ֣ˮûζŵǱǿʱ䳤ζָʤһ
Ȼźһ˵ҲֻҶһ˳Ե˰а⽡
һҳ̯꣬ʰӱǰָ·иˣӻҪǲŻؼҿȥ֣˵˻ʵ˼
ҲҪעⰲȫǧСĹӣлֵܵĶӾʱ򶪵ġ
˵⻰̾˿Ϊ飬лһ˽ȫŲˣлɩɻϴ棬Ǽҳ̯ʱ򣬻ھԺﴫѹֿ
ǱôãЩɥĵרĺ֡
ҶصͷǣҶ褵߬֡
·ϣϸǧɿ֣Ҫ¾͸˵һһ𡣡
֪ģͷİɡҶ褼ɵذ
˲٣СҲкܶ࣬кΪټϾͻңɲǹֵ
л˵
Ҷеˣֱܼ̫̫̫


35 
ˣڼռһ, ʱʱнкȺΧĵطֱֵӴɢ˺ѩ
㡣Ҷһ§Ҷ褽Լ, ǵ§ӡ
ҶҶļ, ˫§סĲ, ˷ܵس￴һ۾Ϳһڴ촩ŵĶ̺֣¶һԴ׳ֱ۵Ĵ󺺣û, һȥǻϵĻ˲ӿΧһкá
ã
һ
Ҷ褼죬æ֡
ûһǸֻ˸ѣֽ, ˸޿շ, ֵõ
ȻҶǻڰӳߣصʱȻϡ
ݾʵ˷׷׺Ȳʡ
¾˶Ⱥֲͷ, һֻһǮ, ٳɶҲˡ
Ҷ, ʱϲͭװܿһǮẒ̌Ǿ̵ǸϲкЦʱǻСѣֻʱʱʾл
кȥ, µˣ, ݵľһԳһģһСŮ, ԼĪֻӣǴͬ·ϻź˿ŸѶȵĶľȦ꣬ҪľȦֻһ
ʮ㾫ʣҶΪŮ˰Ѻ
ĶͯӹӦôСͿʼǹҶü˵껹ȥˣղǸ𶼱Ȧá
Ҷĸͬĵͷ͵ɲǡ
Ȼ˶ϲȦģΪڽݵʱΧܵİպȲԽƵҪǮҪ֮ǰ༸֡
ļݴ඼Ǿ࣬治ģҶ褱û˼뷨һھʹ˶˳
ҶҶ褷ǣߡ
Ҷ褱ֻΪģҿû뵽һͿһұۼһС͵ܡ
ͻȻʶﲻԾС¶ƽ·һ˫۵ܿǸ˼ҵĺӣǸȴֻŹĹҵ£ɫ࣬˸һ֮ˡ
Ȼû֤ݣҶ褻ǳ˳Ҷĸ첲ָż˵㿴ǲǹӣ
Ҷһ㶣æȥɱҶоö࣬һ˵ģ̴󺰵أй͵ˣ
һʯͷͶˮ棬
˽§סߵĺӣֵĻܡ
һڴƿڴĸɱǧ͵ӵǮץס󲻸ɫ
Ҳ˰ǿҼ𣿡
ǸԼʮĸˣ޵ܵҶǰº°ڡ
ʵĶҼأ
ҶڿҶĸúÿűҹȥһˡ
ҶǾ仰ʱѾӿ첽꣬ͨ˴һȥͺٱҳ
ҶҲ飬æж±¨׷ȥ
ʱǸ긾ڵϣȱ߰ҾͿƤõĹôͲˣ˵˲ҪƤ컹ôƤ
Ҷĸ߬Ҷ褵֣һأû˵ⱧԹʱ仹Ͻȥ٣֪ͨϱ
ˣ²νֻᱧԹ
ȴ۾һתȻѾȥ׷ˣǾͲر˰ɡ
⻰ֹҶĸҶ褶ˡ
ҺΧʶ⸾ˣֱӿڣɩӻɲô˵ﶪģø˼ҵɡ
ʵٸһֱѲżУߵֺܿ𲶿ע⣬ҴҸ
ͷ֮ξҦ
ҦξһȦʵô£
Χһߵʻ׷׿ڣȻ֮¸û˵ס
ͣҦξ˸ͣƣȻָһ˵˵
ŶҵĹӣλɩӵķѾȥ׷Ǹӡ
ò˵Ǽģһ仰͵պӵݣξ
ȻҦξһ֮︻̵ĺӣݡ
ĲϽ˳С׷ȥ
ûһһӸ˼ҴҴҸһûʵŮǱ˲ŹģһͿŵҵĶϲݵģ˵ҪѾСһƫƫҪºˣҶӶˣ϶ǹģ
˵ѿѾߣֱ˵ϣ㻹Ҷӡ
һɫΪ侲ҦξֵξȾҼС
Ҧξ񣬱ܿ˵Ȿ¹ٵ̸ְ벻롣
ҶֻﲻԣȺ˶Ծ
ĸоûͨΧ˵İԣ֪ԭǸߵкǺںصһ̫үĳ򸴣ȴǵճ긾ȷʵ̣ȴֻǼ̡
ĹģҲֻˡ
䣬һ֧
˵˵ҶǱߡ
Ҷ׷ڽӱƵǣȻȴ׶֣ΪӻڹҪһС˵ˣǿɾǴ¡
˶ŵĹУҲ˹
ǹ֪ԼܲˣֱӰѺԱһӣȥӺӵʱ򣬵ǽ뷭ȥ
Ҷ״̷ԾӹӣȻһͲʱȥֹӣֻĿǽߣڲǸ׷ȥʱȴǽǱߴһ󰧺
ûһѾԵĹ߹һǸӣҶ˼̱塣
ղŴǽϵ¸ˣˤˡ
Ǹ׳
磬λҵĻһ걧ȭܵ
ҶȴһʼҸԨҴ󽫾
û뵽ֱС򾹻ʶˣǣ
ĬˣҶһɣҽӣӲ˵ȴҲ֮ˡ
֮ˣҽµС
˵ֵǸӡ
⻰Ƴһۻȥӡ
ý죬ǿǷ񻹹ӡ
һߣȳСҶͰѻڻ˯СԼǿ޶ߡ
ڹӣвѺ
򸴽ӹӺæôΣŰѺӽмĶҶ˵лλֵܾС
ҶҡҡͷֻǾ֮ͣضл
Ҷſ¶һ˫۾ŸһкⲻǸǳ
ҲС¶һЦݡ
򸮵Ĵܿջҵүֻɺҩ࣬Լѹͺá
˿ȴźӻؼҡ
Ҳ˸Ҳǳ򸴲ɣǵ̫ү˵ɡ
λ̨лҼСסδպл
ҶûлΪȫΪ˺Ӱˡ
ڰֵû¾ͺá
򸴼ȥѶӣֲ¾͸Լʹ˸ɫǴһλϢȻĿ뿪
һг䶨ʱɫȻ磬һҲõſ˻һͬؼңֻһҶȴһֱò⡣
ҹסںδ
⻰ȴҶܣզ秵ġ
̾˿޴ס
ȥңȴãĸ;˾˴ʲôô֪ܲ˾Ͳ׼סȥڿܾسҸջסɡ
Ҷ룬ٽ꣬ŵĿջ࣬ҪҼסһޣ
ҼҾسԱߵҶҴ壬¿ʱʱ䡣
̵ͷʲôģӦҸл
Ҷ·ϺĶ磬ĬĬԣĶͳˣǶӾǽ˼ҵ塣
ʱͻȻڣҶҶ
Ҷһ㶣ȷʵҶϡ
Ҹ߶Ҫһû
ĵҪͻȻ磬ҼͷҶףȢҵĹŮ

ſҶϵСײУϸֵܿ԰
ҶԲýǣΪһҸġ
ϾҪûҽĺƽӣϱҪֻһССˣǷֵġ
һ̾Ȼ˵ҶǸ̹̹ӺȻѡ磬ǾͲٴţҲôЩ궼ûѰҹ
Ǳ߱˵ܿ͵˳ſڣʱҶ̫ڽ߶š
ǹˡҶæӭȥ
Ҷ̫һǴҶ褣Ȼƣ룬϶ǺúõģƳҶһۣû˵ʲôʱ˲Ź۳ʲôˡ
Ҷָָܵ³򣬶λҹӣᵽǼסһޡ
籧ȭһЦͺá
Ҷ̫һ㶣Ͻ˵ãϳһᡣ
¿·ʱҶҼӶĿͻȻֵİ꣬ѾԱʶһɻǲڵƿ۾˫շɫ
Ŀбӣ꣬ȻĸھӪﳤ󣬵ŮһҲһ֪
Ҷ̫§Ҷ褣۾ˣС˵˯ᣬ˼ڽ㡣
ҶҲʵ룬ܿͱ۾˯ȥ
⺢ӽбѵúʡ
ţСҶ褣ꡣҶ̫ȰҶ褵ı˯
ҶΨһĶˣֻ۾һɨͰҶҵ͸߰˷֣Ǹ˿Ķļͥܿ˶ϵһӶ׽ġ
л˵
ʽ


36 Ӽ
һ˻صҶҵʱ, ɫȻĺ磬ֱý̲סӡ
Ҷ̫տ, һֻװɫСΧ߲ͣܶ

ҶͱҶ¿ϱ, ۾, 룬ȻŶС׵ͷԡ
ȻСȴû˵İ, İˡ
İ˱絹ǵվԭ
£ǼĿˡ
ҶС׵ͷߵߣϤһζ
С׷·һ㶶ӣһ, ͷС˵֡
ĵʪҶЦ, ԹԱ֣
Ժվˣ䰡, Ϣһ, ֮ٽǡҶĸϴֱ˵, ͵鷳ҹӸҼС˯һˣǧλֹҪֿסˡ
ڰֱ֣ӽ磬һ, , Ҫ˵鷳Ҳ鷳ǲŶԡ
Ҷĸʹ˳ĸĿ, ǱȥϢһᡣ
ҶԷСף
һʹ˸ɫĸҶһ뿪ԼֻǺŵģҶӦûܴˡ
͸СԺ߽ϽǵһС
Ҷǰȼϵ͵ƣ˲ƶСĹâͳ
СȷʵСȴʰþһмľĿЩɢ
񣬶ǴľͷԴľûһǰ̳ͼؼ򵥣Ҷǻͭġ
߻һʣľֻôߣܿרŸģõҲǺľͷȻʽƽƽ棬һ֪ܽʵ
ľϴʱżɫƤװ飬һƱͲһëʣһƵֽͼīϽǿǽλûһƵĹӣм֧ɫ̽ͷҡҷˡ
˯ʱֱӰѿƵβһſ㹻˯ˡ
ЦЦӦõġ
ָϵĻɫ䣬ʲô
ǽյաҶָһ»䣬ش𣺡һֲϺĻ䣬ô컹ܿ
ֲô㡣һŵһζƻƹ㣬ʮ˳
ҶԳӣôûŵνζѲѾϰˣ
û϶ھҶ褵ͬǰϵ飬Ƥǡ־Ҳǣ⺢ӵǸõɵʱˡ
ҶҲûڿϸСһϷ
˸ľûΣڡ
Ҳ֪˶ãҶĸŽϴϴ֣óԷˡ
ǷĶϴɾ֣Ȼһͬȥݡ
Ĵһ㣬ǰЩɱֵģһֱͷĴֱпͲó
һغϣζǰ˷׷ʿˮ
ʳһ׷Ҷ̫úڵĳԲԵùߣȻû뵽ǳԵǸ
Էʱٶȿȴʧš
Դĸ׹һھӪﳤҶӦ֪ӪķʳζΣҵֲǸԸҿСģҾûԹøóԵķˡ
⻰˵Ҷ̫Цɶ仨æȻϲԾͶԵ㡣
Ҷ褰һڽ֭׷΢΢ŵζķڿǻзٳһ⣬ºԾô㡣
ֻһ㲻ãĽԭ׳Զ壬Ҷ̫صԱ߰һܲɣ΢ܲϸ۵⣬һζ
һʳԸοһƣۡ
ȳ극ĸߴҳĬԵļһùҶ褾ȵȻֻһӦװ˶ٶġ
ӹ֮ʹȥϢˣҶ褶İЦʣôˣ
ǴԶʹô𣿡
ҸһˣҲò̫ණ·Ҫջпܷ¶ޣ̫ûá
ԭӦӣΪһ򿴲ңԾԼżһˣķչ֣סٻر߳ǣǲˣ֣һ춼ȥ
˵⻰ͽ⿪ĶóһȡľһŴƱҶ褿ǳ鴤ôһǮͱڿϡ
һɾ·˵·ڼġ
ʱҶĸոµˢӺͲ˽
ǼԼˢӣõëҲµģϴʱպϡ
м˵鷳ˡ
Ҷĸߺ¾뿪ʱҪƱһҡ
ϴ꣬ڿϣϸһӡ
ҶһڵͷȺҪһ𣿡
⻰˶壬ҶŲ֣ܿСȾҶ褵ĽţȻһ£СĽģһ˿ûС
𣿡
Ҷ褲ڵһ½ֺЩε˵á
ǽ˹ˮңȷʵ̫ϰߣ䵹ǲ̫䡣
ǲҪѧȥسԺ
ʳ󣬾ȻȻ§סҶСС壬ĽŷԼϡ
ǰǲȥسǣڴ˽ְˡ
Ҷ褷ӦʱѾ˹̵Ļ
룬˵Ҫƾ٣ûȥԺѧѧĲ࣬Ҳر𡣡
ѧ֮ʦ֮ͬһպ볯ͬԺѧܱҪ׽Щ
Ҷ褱ĸߵѬЩȣ˼ѵ̽ͷƾپ˵ɣҪȸʶ֡
Ҳԡ
Ҷ褵ĸܵ෴¸ߣҲֻȣﱧԵ͵Ҷ褸ոպá
ǲ볯ҲգΪԶ뾩е̣ʮ궼ûȥôЩ궼ڱ߳뽫ʿͬͬס
˵ǼȻи󽫾ţʵ義һңϾ䡣
˼ƮԶˡ
ҶŤΣջûסСʵĻ书𣿡
Ȼᡣ翴ŻСԲèۻش𣺡Ҳᡣ
ǻ߱𣿡Ҷ۾һ
߱ڣ˶һŷӦ˵Ṧ
šҶϺˣϵ״治Ṧ
˵ִʱ򲻻ᷢṦĻеġҪ˵ˮƯǾǲʵʡ
˵Ṧеִܿ᣿
Ҷ갵˼ĻνڹҲǲڵġ
ԼĺĺҶ˯ȥһҹһ㺮ⶼûоֱε
ڶѹʱͷִֻʣһˣӱ˺úõҴ£ԱߵλѾû¶ȣˡ
Ҷ褴Ƿֱָ۽ǵһᣬȻӴβѱůȵ·Ϲϡ
ʱŷƮѩⳡѩ֪ʲôʱʼµģڵѾһѩ
緹Ե̶ճ
ڵĶｽĩľ֭֮ĶŨζ
һھһۻĶǳϸ壬һͻ֭ܺõڸס˶еøԡ
һ¶ӲǳԳһͷ
糢һ֮޼ˣʳжǵһμ
ҶҨԵһ٣ٴⶹӻ˼Ҹ׵塣
ʱҶӻⷨżȻ䷢ֵģԭ򣬱ҽš
ֻ΢һ׹΢ЦҵҲġ
¾򵥵仰·
ŴճմһǾԵøۣϧҶֻܳһ
緹ǱХѩͬȻһڴϡ
ճȥͱһͷһѩæ˻ӡ
Ҷ̫㿪Ҫסһѩͣߡ
ղŷѩͬƬһϣֱڶܸо˿˿ʹ⡣
ԭŽȥسƥֱر߳ǣ൱
ֻǸǾ͵߶һ졣
䣬˷ܵľȻҶӣֻ͵˷ܵ˵ǼһԽ书ˣ
ҶûףȵĿҶӡ
Ҷһֱûע⵽񣬵翪ڽͣϼһպñײϣҪֽš
˵ָһĨЦݣȷʵǸʺѧġ
Ҷʼѣѧ䷽츳
ԸҸѧʦ
ȻڿѾеˣ꿪ʼøҩĴ򰾽ǣЩùҩʤȻ۸Ҳ൱ơ
ȻҶӲҪ󾫣ֻѧĻÿԺһ㹻ˡ
ĻպýҶ̫һ˼ģȷʵֵÿǡ
ⳡѩһֱµûֻͣǴӵѩ
һŴصýģ˶ݿ
ҶĸʰӼĲӼЩȫڹӣѾ͸͸ġ
û𿾣ӼƤʼѵʱκͻۣζ
Ӽ֮иʣ׽ɿڣԵʳԣĵʱһһ
֮ǰܽܵĺɻڳһֻ֮󶼲òϿĲӼȷʵζ
治ɫļһֻӽڱ߳ǼʲôԹĲӼǲڻ¡
ܸҶĸֳӸóԡ
һֲóԣֻ΢һըͺζˣ÷ŵϡ
ҶĸԽԽ˳ۣ˾ȻԽԽͶ


37 ҹ
ϳԷ֮ǰҶ̫صغһ, ûνĸĶ۷һ㶼ǷȵĵطȻͣʳһζ, ζǺܺá
Ҷѡһַ͵ķʽ, ǾﵹľƺͰǡ
ʳﺬĽĸ, һ̶ϿĸۣҲһֿԼӿ췢ٶȵĵζϣҼǵͷڸл
Ҷ̫Ľ£ۺ;ˮ･, һֱʱͿԸһ鲼Ժ
ȵڶҶ̫ٽ˽ʱѾȫֳ״
֤Ѿɣ浹µ۽һֵĽ裬Ҷ̫Ķ͸΢ƵС, ϡٴ
Ĳ, Ҷ̫ڰһ㱡ۣȻȥͣ, 𽥱ù⻬ɡ
⻬ŷŽ, ְʪĲ¸, Ϊ˱ŵʪȣŶ轫ڻм䣬ԼһžͿѷɹɹı־Ǵһͬʱֺܶ״׶
ҶɩʱͿǰæ, ǶͿһ, ŲմϾ
ǽŴɳ, õгɵȴСӣȻųƵСԲţÿô
Ҷĸ˵Ĺؾ¶ʮͷһỹͷˮһ㡣
ڸ͡
һֳСݣ˳֭ˮȾɫ
ҶҲһţǸղҶĸ⾾ģû棬ֻѧַԲȻѹ⻬һڰϡ
еŶͷߵʱҶĸȡֽ֭ͷϣ֮ͷмֿɰ
ڸϵͷ߸гô󣬶Բײƽ
̨ϵĹѾˮҶ̫ʱڹϣȻһ㱻ˮʪĲͷŽȥÿͷ֮һָľ룬ͷͻճϣӲҪ»ᵼͷƤճһ
ͷһŵŨСԵʱԴŰǵζ
̴̣ѩҲԽԽڵһϥôߵĻѩ
˼ǶŲѩĹȥԺѩˣһҲ⣬Ҫݵſڲһ·˳ýϵѩѳı
Ҷݵʱ֣̾ԽԽˣ֪ѩʲôʱͣ
ϾٹǴһˣʱǾҪݣҪŴѩ·ɲߡ
Ҷĸһ潪ݸҶżҿѩҲ²˼졣
дŽζĺ潪һ˲ҶڼģгɱƬ˿һˮˮ淢ʱͿʢڲ浹
һ˵һ潪֮󣬲ҲͼˣҶĸ֮æȥһ
ʣµǼݣߺȲ衣
ʱҶ̫ͷ߳ЩǵĶ˵ؼҹˡ
ѾǴʮϾҪҹҹǴһ
úڴɵĴ룬Ҷ̫Ļ󣬴żǸ˵ҵ֪һزȥ£ֻǵ鷳ˣһԲӣ
֣ҳʱѾɸ봫ȥһţǰдȥ
ʲôģԽԽ֣ǼһꡣҶ̫Ļȥǣ˵˵ǵա
лҶ˾Ϳʼæµֻ򵥳ͷ̲ӣͷϵҹ
ҶźӳȥֻһרҶͯдģԲгʺϴڣ⸱Ҫڴſڡ
֮ÿӵϻҪһ֡
ҶҶ褸ϵġгˡ
𣿡
Ҷڵѯʵ
ҶصԶһ㿴˿ˣͷġ
Ҷ⻰ҶרĵýѸǽϡ
ڸЭ£䷿ܿ˸֡
ʱϵĴҲѾҶͷҶˡ
Ҷ뿪֮ǰרܹȥһ۴
ƽǧպã˳Һˡºͨ
ʵǸԢ⡣
һҶ̫ʹϱǽ
ǰڵＹ廨óɹˡ
괺ҶͷִӴץһֻѼͷëõٿ֮󣬽඼ȡЩԷһгƣζʮֲ
ʣµļгСͬɹɵĢһһζСĢ
ѼӺһƬһֳ伢ֽ
زֻһľײ㹽϶һ峴ĳˣõֻͣһκʹףײǸմԺժģȻΣʼˣ϶΢΢ŵ㽹ȴʮˬ
ʳõͷͰ
һȻڲôˣҶ̫صְһӲһſꡣ
ʱ򲻹㵽ִʱĵ㣬ɫȻ׷ɵѩŴϣŵײ
мһ͵ƣƶСĵƹӳΧµҶ˵
Ҷʳζ㴫ǻӦоС
ʱҶͷӼһŽȻ˵ϽӰɣ˾Ͳóˡ
䣬ϾӰӿʼ죬ûһҶͶ˲ˡ
߳Իк˵ҲԣĲ˿ɺóˣ쳢
ҶԲͷұߵ磬˵ǧҶѧһѧʲô˾ԼּС
˵⻰ּһСĢŽʵļⶼ͸ˣζҧ֭ˮĢζղܡ
Ҳûƫζһķر𾢵
һ࣬ͨͣв˵ĶܿٷҲ⡣
дᣬʿڣѼθ⼸˶Ǽζġ
ҪҶ褴Щѡϲһǻ峴زˣԶεĻˣٳ嵭زˣ˲һõĸо
Ҷûʳ޲Ĺأ˳ҹͺ֣һӸ
ҵʱҶɩóһִǰڼϴľƣԷǰ¯ˡ
ҶϴӹִֵܵĲһ΢΢ŻƵľҺںڴҡΡ
ָҶһ
ȹ;ͲСˣϿԸһپơ
ҶѾŵǰҶ褾ͺشչȥһ΢΢ƣðϸŵĻԼŵ;ζ
ҶЦͷÿմ˵ľƷŵҶǰ
ԱҪҪ
ҶҲȷʵǺʱʲôζģСһ£ȻҶĿӼŸͷͶһ£ζȷʵе֡
ƾƾƾŨȼͣøʳͶɣϸһƷܸоɬζڿǻУܵ˵˵ϺòúȣֻҶǺܲϰߵġ
ҶĸⳡæһҶĸ첲ԹŶմơ
˵ּһӹҶԵ㶫ѹȥ
Ҷͷһڹ⽫ζȥ
һߵҶӳע⣬͵͵սƱһڣûֱӱǺˣ˺ðͣ
Ҷɩֱǲ֪˵ʲôãûĵ˱͹ȥɸֵ˵զôأʺǲҲҪų
䣬ڵϽζͷļѼͼСãȻ̧ͷҶɩ
Ҷɩһ˫޹Ĺۣ
аɣС׻硣
ٷһʱԵ˶ˣȥȹüء
ҹ֮ǰҶֶ̫һ㣬Ҷɩġ
ܼ򵥣ֻҪõεۣнͿյϾһ㣬Լһ֮Ϳ¹ˣĲϽ֭պÿʱһ͡
ֻһͽζȫѾԱҶŵζʼ
㲻ܳ꣬Ҫһͷһβͣȡ˼
Ҷ˶ֲ࣬һֻһӾͳԵòˡ
극֮󻹵ʰӣˢҪ˼⣬ȫ
ҶƣҶ褷ڿϣ͸һ
ͶҪϴȥ䡣
ϴ֮ǰȡˮҶƿԺˮϵĸʱˮѾ˱һҪѱȡˮ
Ȼˮտ̨µĲľȡͿϣΪľҾкǿͺȥЧɹɵ˿ȿ԰
ʱݣҶԴڿϣ̿ؿҶӡ
ҶһƣеģҶֻһڣȻҲ˫շ죬۷⣬żһ־ͿʼһһʦĽš
һջȴû
紽ߴЦ٩ҪһСͽˡ
Ҷ⻰ԸˣֱӰڿϣ˫ֱȭʦͽһݡ
ʱҶȴæסе°ˣɲӦá
磬ˣϽ軺
˵ͽ豭Ҷ
ҶӺˣӹ豭һڶûȣôŲ豭ǽ߻˯
Ǽ겢ûҪҪһҹ˯ܰþͰãҪʵڰסԻ˯
Ҷ褳˼ϡ
翴Ҷ褵ĶԽˣ⼸üһһ̺Ӹֻǽʦˡ
һ̵ĶܽҶ·
Ҷ褵ͷͦá
ʦɲϵģʦҲʦΪʦΪνһΪʦΪ
ٵðݹصʦʦϺͽҪʦգ൱ڰӡ
䣬Ҷ褾ͲɵסǷԽԽ룬رֻ谵Ļ¡
˱潪ů֣գգۣȻְΎ
ʱҲɵòˣǷ׷ƿ߽
ҶͷҶ̫Ӷ˯ӣڿϿڣǶ۵òУϹͷҲסԾڰɡ
庢֣ѹǮ
⻰һ˶һҶӻ˵
ǾͰ˳λ꣬ҶȻȻ
ֵʱǰ£˵ףλ˳⡣
ϣȫ˶ƽƽ
Ҷ̫ĦҶ褵֣Ц˵úӣ
ȻڴӶͳһɫֽԺӣȥǳ԰ɡ
ֽ˼ͭ壬ġ
ҶиأֻҪѹǮҪֻҪָڲʰݰС
Ҷֳ̫֣ġ
Ѻֽϣµһ꽡
סˣҲû뵽ѹǮȻķݡ
ܿͻعףʱƽ⣡
ʮҲͽˣҪִҲ̻ԷţϾŵͿԳƵǰҹƽʱǼ˳ߡ


38 
ҶϴǷ, صصŴ͵ơ
Ҷ˵
ȳʱֱ۰ıҴá
ǰҶЩ, պúʹһײϡ
ǸӡЦҪҪ²ҵʲôʱҪܲ¶ϲ
Ҷ褿ɲɵ, ̽Ե, һô죬ôܲµʾ
ΣɿڣҲһգ졣
޶һ, Ҷ̾һӡ
ڣʮ
ûڡ
Ҷ褵ͷȥ켫ˣ˯ɣһ񡣡
ҶҲûʵʲô, ʵ̫, ˵һ˯ˣ۾͸Լ뷨Ƶһ, ǰ˲ڰ
ں˯, ƺϤϤ, ҶüȵЩԶȥʱչüë
ٴѹѾˣѩ, ۵Ĺâ
Ҷ߳, ̧ȥ֦侹еâ˸
Ҷĸʱ˼, ҶϣݳԳ棬صߦģõǣʱͷ͸ˡ
Ҷ褱Ҷĸ쵽ǰֻһɰ׵׵ϣֻһ棬嵭ϻŶ԰пİˮ㹽ˡ
ºҨŽһɲԺðһ֣ʣ
ǵĹ趼˳Ũֲʧµʱ˳˯һζ١
ǺܾҪһڳ꣬ҧϣҶʣһŶ࣬ʵȫҲǸպӯǻ
Ҷ褰һԵö㶼ûʣȹˡ
֣
ʱҶִ̫˳һ켦Ц˵һ켦
ֺ켦Ҳܼ򵥣󼦵ʱŽľҩģ֮󼦵Ǿͻɺɫÿкӳ߼ŮȢ޵ʱ򣬶һЩ켦ָڡ
ҶһϹ˹ȻĳһСڣ˳űĤѼǰ˲һԲİ׵ͳ
ż쵽Ҷĸǰһȳԡ
Ҷĸż΢΢һ£Ǹġ
ȸһҶִֵ˵һֱȵҶĸӹջ֡
Ҷְݸλֽʱǰˣôۡ
ճ꼦ϴɾ֣Ҷʹ߳ˣһɫɰݸҶ褺Ц˵Ͻ򿪿
һƵƽۡ
Ҷ褿͸ˮƽգգۣЩȣƽ۵ļ۸񲻵ͰɣӦһƳɵģߵҲѡ
Ҷ߰ƽ۸Ҷ褴ϣ˵֮ǰһΪ̫СҲһƽۣǰЩسи̴ʦҾصֽ̳ƽۣ͵ʱء
ǿƽͨɫϸһͻᷢʮͨ͸ָҲر󣬸˵ԲĴȦڲСȦãƯ͸
ƽۿƽ
Ҷ֣ص˵ΪֻԸһƽ
ҶֽסƽۣллҺϲ񡣡
ʱҶĸͻȻ廰صģҲǽϲ֪
˵ﱧһ׵õ·ҽ·ÿҪȥ˽顣
鲼·ͬһȴǳ[ɫǰɫżϸܡ
ллҲϲ
Ҷ˳ĲϣЩ֡
ص·ŽתͷʱͿſڵǰһɫʯͷ
һʯʺӡ£պٲӡ¡
ʯɲõģҶ褴һƾ֪ǸƷʯʵԲϸ壬Լɼܲ״ϸƣɢĹ
æҡͷʯȥ̫ˣҲա
ԤϵľܾĴӻͳһѾ̺õʯӡ£ӡΪСɣʷΣϵ׾ӵޣʵ˴ʦ֮
ܿӡ׿-誡
誣ҵ֡
Ҷ褾ȵĿһۣҲۣӦǳ誻ɡ
ţ誻֡
翴ĺ棬شҲɺϣ־Ե
Ѿһʯӡ£ǿҲûʲôã͸㡣
ҶԥΣһ¾Ͳջֵӣֻýӹǿʯ
ʵ̫æһ㣬ҾҵҵӡµĴʦʯҲ̺á
ʱź˵
ҶûӻѾμסʮջа˸£ʱҪҸֵ൱ﻹȥ
򵥸Ҷ褹գҶ̫ʹϱǿʼӡ
һǼһгԽӵϰס
Ҳ⣬ΪͶǰڵĺͼڵֽӡ
װԪƵĽӷԺﶳһͰӲˡ
ҪԵʱֻҪ¹󣬵ȽӸʱͿ©̳һˮĽӲһ𣬿ڸҲá
Ҷ褸ϲڵĽӣֻպһ׺ͺζˡ
ǳӺٺһθ˲ޱ
СôĽӣԵߴñߺ
͵˻ҵӣҶҳҶ̫Ҷĸ⣬ϱҪźӻңͬҶСýҲӹ
һҶҾͿʼæµˮһɽһɵİð
ҶɩǴǽ·
Ҷ̫ѯʵɴˣ
Ҷɩһصˣһֻһǡ
ϱƫУһĶĻڸĴɲףǷ
ţȥҲܶһᡣҶ̫˵׼ҹĸҲһʱûˡ
Ҷɩȴ˵ǵСţðģʵڲ񻰡
üûˣôЩûعţͬҲû˵ǲƽģһȴû·ϡ
Ҷĸϴɾ֣ĻæڣֲʲôصĻһ˾
ˣҶɩɾЩ
ɫаʱ򣬴󷿺ͶѾ뿪ˣ֮ǰÿ˶ԼʰøɸɾɻصشӣԵʮָˡ
ҲҶһӰ٣ûֽҶ褻Щϰߡ
Һûмһڣܴĵʱ䡣
Ҷ褲ͷ磬ҽ߳ǵɡ
߳ĵطҲ˽һ㡣
⻰·˻䣬Ʈǽо߳ǣڲԭǽر߹صʿǽһ޼ʵĲԭʱʱܾһǽ֮ȴر𡣡
߳ǸĵطĴʿܴģΪҼһиֻ
ҶǽζҲһȥ߳ǣһǵطķҲǺõġ


39 Сţ
ʱǹúܿ, ·һգ۵ĹҶСþʹŷӵҶˡ
Ҷ̫æӭͬůů, զٶഩ, 꺢Ӿʹô
ҶСɫ, ͷһüãʮ˵ôǴϱҲǸµظɻ, Ҷһµˣͻָˡ
˵ʾ£һһġ
Ҷָ̫ĶͷĿɲˣôŸĸ˳ԡ
ҶСסҶ̫ĸ첲, ǿĵ, ûҪǮĸѾڼԹüٳȥóԻˡ, ʵţ, Ҽҹ, ýŽҴﺢӳ
سһֻСˤȳȵţǰɱˡ
ţǺѵõģгĴ˥òɱţ⣬Ϊɿضֵţʮټ
Ҷ̫ԿڵۼҺӵǴûԹţ⣬صǹøĸܳһ¡
Ѷ, ͷ˵ʲôö, ǰ͹ĸ־θ, ҪȻ͵̲˸񡣡
˵Ҷ̫̽ŵ䣬ɺЩˣ
ֶҶСѯʣô˵ģ
ɵصͷѾˡ
ҶСҲ˵ǹƢθһҩϰҲûˣڻġ
Ҷ̫ŷȥǱ档
ֵһ⻰Ҷܡ
ǽŵʱҶðʳ̺Ͳ˳ 
ԼҳӺͰҶ̧к
ȴһ̬ûСʳǺض磬˭
Ҽ͵ĿˣңǿԽҸ硣
Ҷ褽ֵָ˵Сõ˫̥ӣһǸģһǵܵ䡣
ܵΪ˲٣ҲͬǸ÷ֱˡ
˻ʶҶ褱ʳһһָǡ
ıӱ˵ӸʲôʱܻһǴȥϻء
ƵõˣĻҪҪڼס찡
Ҷ褷룬Ҳûʲô¡
ֵÿ궼Ҷסһᣬʱ䲻Ҳѡ
ź˵СãӦǲܴ̫á
Ҳǣ椸ճүտĸ׵ܹ鲻ġ
Ｘ죬ͬʱҲʼ˵
ҶСժ˵ֲͣһģֻܲڼ
Ҷ̫һۣô죬ͽкӺúôţ
ⲻŵûŮ𣿾űõҲҶСˬһЦֻٱˡ
Ҷͷſڳ̣Ůô˵ֿЦˣ̸ˣֲʲô£ͷȺӰյʱ򣬽ȥա
УǾô˵ˣʱﶼ
ҶͷҶ̫Եͷʱÿ͸椡
ǽ츣ڼʲôҶ̫ǵʡ
ҶСûش𣺡ҼиھҲ꺢ӣˮ㣬ιӶ´࣬ѾǰŶݷùιһ¸椡
Ǿͺá
ҲѾˣýȥɩ
ҶС˵⻰ͶŲ˽䣬ʱҶĸʰǿţ⣬ֻһ׼ʣµǷԺﶳס
ɩ㡣
Ҷĸûͣͬǿˣÿ˸ɻĵ
ˣ˭˭һˡ
ҶС˵ֽӹҪʼ𣿡
ȱ㣬Ұţþ¹ˡ
ҶСôţⱾͲгһ͸СˣҶĸȻԴ˺о飬ţгС飬κ͸ֵζץȣðκͣӽȥ㣬Ȼٵţ˿ͺܲƬһ̲ˡ
ټѬŹǾһٲث緹ˡ
ţҪòõĻڸлϣԵʱŵζҶĸСţȫûЩ⣬ζζˡ
Ҷ̫Ůӽһ磬ֻ˵ѵĺӣڼס˼죬û˵ݡ
ҶСÿ޵һ־ĺúӣ
ǫصл
ٷԵǱ
극ҶԭҪҪȥһᣬȻûڣʱһҾͻˣֵܳȥתҶӡ
Ҷûһȥڼһš
ڿϣ°ͣÿأ
֣żҲӡ
ЦЦⲻǹ𣬶
ͣͣż˵ҺͼһҪˡ
Ҷ褶űӵһ٣ǡǲǸףһ·˳硣
˲ɵҶ褵ܻټһ졣
ΪճƣͷҶСǿҶɩɻʣɩզô硣
Ҷɩϼҳ·Ц˵Ҳûɶ£Զٷͻˡ
ҶĸһЩ˵ӣһҾͽӣһ仰û˵
ȻҶɩʰʱ͸Ҷ̫˵һί⺢ӴѼңĸ˵һ١
ĸŮôˣû˵Ǯɩƾɶ͸һ磬˵Щеûġ
ҶɩֻϱƷ̫ãŮƤǳЩ޳ȥСӡ
һԴĸǷͿʼƲ֣үݺѵɩһ٣ҲûҲһԭ
Ҷ̫ǰһĴȣһӶѣڸ˵Щеûġ
ҶСҲܲˬĽ
ͷһףСõĿɵױ˵һӻõóġ
˵ףҶ̫ͻȻ£淶ˣ˵϶ϱǴԻ
Ҷɩһ㶣Ի
ǰ϶ϱЩԶףǸǿ׳ģÿνɽܲΪĸ˫һֱû˵ף鵽ȻС
˼ȱŵ㶼һĿȻ
Ҷĸӿڵ淼޹ȥܵ˵ίʵŲ¡
ϾҵĿڱǶ̫Ѿû취һʱᣬڴĴû취ƣ˵ҲҵĴʡ
ֻ̫ڴϣбˮҲƢԽǼ춼Ա߰ҽ
ȷʵҲǸӵģСܻԽԽá
ϱǱ߸ɻʱҶҲûЪţһͰȥˮˣΪҶֵټ˸ͣؼξͰԺĴˮװˮ
ʱҶͷǺĴܻˣﻹŸͷԵĶ
ҶɩһȵĶϱ
ҶԺһЦԼģøۼһˡ
ǸãͷóԵġ


40 ²ӡV
ûȳ, ҶС÷ʹź뿪ˣΪȷʵС벻, ҶҲû, ֻص֮ǰЩũزǴȥ
ҶСüϽ, ϱŻҴġ
Ҷ̫ӲѲֲɶöҼһеģȥӳԡ
ҶСƴǲҲ, һǣ¿ߵڣҶ̫ͣ½Ųڵ͵ˣǸ¿ȥ, ⼸Ȱιι, ȻͷʳˣֱȥҰ¿
УҲҪúñ塣
ҶСͷ¿, ͷ, ǸϽȥɡ
֮, һ˦ӣͼ¿ߡ
פһᣬһֱӰӵʱתؼҡ
Һȼ͵ƣҶĸɫǵɩôû
Ҳû˵Ҫڶɩҹҹ
Ҷ̫ڰ, , òŵ, ҪԹŻҲϽԷɡˣϴϱȥһгûԶ٣ܲҲԡ
ҶɩӦһϵˮݣûһʹ޾ɵһˡ
ʱѾں˷ˣҶ̫һͷݸŸˣ˼Ѿ£໮
һӹͷĲɵؾųԣ֪ˣ̡
ʵѹѼҵýãԭǹϵܺõģԴӿϴԺǵ̬ȾͱˣһѼһﻰⶼǼʣʵġ
ûһ棬һһ»ָ
Ҷɩһ࣬˿
ȵǸʱҶ϶һҲŻʱ϶Ц
Ҷ̫Ƶʣɶôˣ
ҵǰϲˣŻû¾û˵Ҳǽ֪ҶɩЦ𿪡
ܵܵóˣһֱûӣҲǵóԸ
Ӵϲ°Ҷ̫Ҳͦ˵ģɿ
Ҷɩ·ӹҶ̫ĻЦأԴ֪ҵϲҲʹˣһܳ뷹
ҵ˵ˣͷȺȥ񡣡
ʵʲôϴ£Ҫ˵ҲǸ˼ҵ£ҶɩǼκ˺Щ֣꣬صҲġ
ţҶͻȻǷžͺ񱻴ȾһҲ׷ס죬һʱ֮Ƿϡ
Ҷ̫״ڴţߴٵ첻ˣϽʰʰȥ˯
һӵĹҶ褾ϴ˴ϣͷ磬ô߰
ҵңʱ䣬Ӧ絽º͵˵
ϢɣǸ۳Ͷˡ
ҶֻҪһ뵽һԶŵļͲɵôٵҲʮ᫵ģһ˶Ҫɢˡ
ٺãۻǵۡ
ͷ͵ƴС˵

ڶԹ緹ͼһѾʰ׼һͳ
߸¶̵ƣһ糾͵ĸ
ͷǸӣվſڵ̷񣬡²μү
ͷ˶񡣡
ƺǰ˵ĳ١
ͷվҶһͷ˵صǲһ仰ʱ鷳չүˡ
Ҷͷӻ˳ֶΪ
Ǽҽҽ屣ס˶ӣҪ˵Ҳ
ͷͬҡͷĻǣǽʵǹⲻȥ
˵ʹĶȡһƱһӣҽĻռǣպȥƱӶһǮ
ʵҪĲƱҽеĻռǣʹպ£ҶҿԽҽͷҽĿɽ
Ҷ̫ûգһ飬ʵǲʺϡ
ͷȴֱǿӲĽƱҶϴҲȰ˵Űɣҵ˵ʵڲʲô¡
Ҷϴ޴ؿҶͷҶ̫Ҳ֪ҪҪա
ڶһۣҶͷջߺͷǾˡ
ͷһЦϸˡ
˵⻰Ǿ׼ˣһСøһ磬ԼǺһСͬһ
ȵȡҶ̫ͻȻסǡ
ǻû뿪æòõӲӺⶹȡ
·ϵǽϸõģأܳһ¶ġ
򵥣ζȻǲôڸ·ʱֻҪӾ͹ˡ
ͷûƴǣˬ¡
͵ɣλˡ
Ҷ褸ں濴һԶȥһֱӰӵʱԵջߡ
Ҳ֪ô£ֻദ̶̼죬ȴʶƵģȻûһĵطʮ׽
һûЩϰߣҶ뵽
Ȼ֮ȴͻȻиɰ
Ҷﾪȣ֮Уǰ򿪺ɰȻһʯӡ¶˳
-誡
߬ӡ£ҶЩЦãôô򵥵İӡˣҲŪˡ
ô˵Ҷ褻Сĵİӡ·ŻغɰȻ򿪿ϸزغá
ٳŵʱѾ
ҶĸƵؿһۣˣ
Ҷ褺ٺһЦܵҶĸ߰ˣˣʲô
һֻڻ䣬
ҶĸҲûʣϵĻͣûһͰѾ²ˡ
һӾ²ӳԣ²˼ڵġ
²Ӽ˵ǷŴĽӣֻҪŷŴĽƤڽװȥʵͣȻٰѾ²ӷŽȥӣ潹ƵʱͿԳˡ
ʵľ²ζŨһҧȥܱ֭ˮļһľ²ȫҶ˸ˡ
ԵҶ̫Ŀɿڴ̱ڵϵĶֿһĿӣ԰βһԼ
ԭŻ¼û뵽ǳԵһʣ
Ҷ΢͹Ķӣ˵ⲻ̫óһͳˡ
ҶҲ׷׵ͷҶӻǣζһ
̣ٶЩ²ӰɣɱͷͷóԶˡ
Ҷ̫ûس˸ۣǿɲǣ²ӷͷѼóԾ͹ˡ
ص˼Ǻݳ޵ˣǾ²һģżһλУļҲס
⻰ҶȴǿȰֻһͺͼۼ񲢲ǳԲ𣬺Ծ͸ɡ
ʵ˵ˣǼôҲǸسһЩС˼Ҳ˶٣αÿ춼ÿٿֲǳԲʵһҲʲô¡
Ҷ̫һᣬ⻰ˡ
żҪǮڿȷʵˣ㺢һЩСҪǿԵġ
УӾ²ӻмԣԶٳԶ١
Ҷ˷е̫ˣ
л˵
ĽʮռܶʽVллСɰǵ֧֣ǰ½ڵĶעⲻҪظŶǡ


41 ײƬ
һ, ҶǼסĶ
ʻǸƤ꣬ˣһλϸﻹŸĺ, Բ, žϲ
ڴҶҴָָ, Ǽסͷһֱǰߣɽש߷ˡ
˵һĴ, Ҳû£Ҵǹȥɡ
ЦЦǸã鷳ˡ
ˣʲô鷳鷳, ·°, ҳʲô𣿡
֮ǰҼСӸˣҶֵۼ⣬ע⵽Ծ, ׷ŰǹӸץס, ҽлġ
, ǺȻ
·ҲˣҶ˨һǰ̳޵ǸõģǴûһ˵ãԶĲ˵, ǰиСˮ, Ҳˮġ
ϸ˵, ܴ̻ҶϵԸ
һҶ˨ת󿴵ש߷δر죬ָָľ˵һӦöڼ
С˱ǰţȴֹˣ䣬Ҷҵš

йɵﴫϸĽŲ
˭ѽ
򸴿һɫ£Լʰøɸɾ̫ƿţɻĻܣϡ
ǣ
ãлҶҶֵܾҼСġ
Ҷ̫סˣֿ򸴣һˣ˵ٻ㿪ţȽ˵ɡ
Ҷ˨ȴûȥڰ˵ҾͲȥˣֻǸ·ġ
˵ת׼뿪
ȵȣҶ̫æסҴӣǰ˵Ҫѵ͸ȫȻ˾ֱӴȥɡ
УǵûͷбȥǼ档
˸Ժ䡣
򸴼˽ţҶ̫źţߣ߱˵ҼҲû˵ҵ治֪
ְӵظһ飬ĩˣﻳ񱧹ҼСصشҶֵܵл
˵ĻҶ̫ʱɴ۾Թ⺢Ҳ˵һ֮͸ûƵġ
ҶֵҲġ
仰ĹǾͽݣҶ̫ԸҶɩȥһ衣
ԸǶϣ壬СӦûϲ
Ŵ۾ڵõ򸴵ͬһǶϽζس
Ҷ̫òУڵ⺢ãװ֣Ҳʮֶء
Ҳ˵ҶֵܵĶҲǸװģ֮ǰʮֹɶ¡
˻һʱҶŴ߳
һվȭлҶֵڣҼС񻹲֪ʲôء
ҶһҲû˵ɶǫĻȻ˼ѾϿţǾͲŤ󣬴󷽷ܸлˡ
ºĵʣô
ҩҲ֪ûк֢
û£ҩֻ˻˯˯Ҳûˣҩúȡ
򸴴ȰؿǶϵĶӣ˳˲졣
ҶοһЦ
ȵʻʱȴҦξѶ
⻰ԭº͵ѶˣǹиŻڼϱݵˣӣÿһطѰʺϵĺӣŮֻҪ˾ͻֹߣеĻˣѧϰˣǱط
һĵĹ涨ǾǲԸ˼ҵĺ֣ҼǸ⣬ΪʱֻһǹֱӰҩĨϣסĿڱǣιȥ֮ûע⿸žߡ
ҺҶֵ㷢ֲԾž񡣡
Ȼˣӡ
ҶͻȻ뵽Щʲôˣȥ꼯ҲлҵСʱʧģпҲġ
ƼӵС䲻꼯϶ʧʱ·ӦͬһŻ
Ҷü˼Σ֪ǹߵĺĶ𣿡
򸴵ͷҦξѾѶһںںؼܱߴӣȫ˳ȥõ˱ϸ¼ӵȥ
кŮֻꡣ
Ҷϸֳϲ׷ʵϢܸ𣿡
õģҦξ͸֪˼ʧӵ˼ңֻûҵӣʱûϢ
ϾŻΪ˼¶ڵĸʣصذѹĺӴȥԶĵطҪİռ¼һһҹȥɵúķѲʱ䡣
Ǿͺãһ󹦵£Ӱ
ҶпͬʱҶ̫Ҳ˫ֺʮֱ
˵ºԹϸ׵ĴͳҶֵܾȵģҶֵϥҲֻһӣһϸף
Ҷȴûͬ⣬ϸ׾ˡ
Ҽͥӣũ˻ǲҪϽȥΪá
⻰һΪźӣһպÿݸꡣ
Ҷǰ´Ӧ
ϾȹҶҲͷ꣬ûϹ
ʾС˽ϻӷϣһӡ
ҶҪƾܣȰһɱȲˣǮӦ¡
һӶ˼˵ʵǳƲ϶࣬ðһϯǮˣҪҶ˲գ͸ġ
Ҷ˼ᶨֻ¡
ȵһ뿪Ҷ϶ϻ棬ϻҶִ򿪣ž͹ֹصġ
Ҷԭûϸϻӣһѣٿϻӵʱ΢΢
и飬ϻӾǵ͵顣
֦ľŹ⣬滹ǶŹصıʯ̵ĻҲһϻӾֵӡ
һǮȻţϾ˼ҶԼһϵûС
ҽƱǱҶںúõķ
ҶصӺϻӣȷʵװһƱҽµĲͬһ֣Ʊϲûռǡ
Ҷĸ߹ȥһۣôһǮ⻹˲ġ
˽һŰϻϸ
ȵʱҶȴͻȻ飬ۼҿԶĶˡ
ǼǮ֣ǽյӣðȴǴ´ࡣ
һǾͲȥռѼˣԼֳҪɻ㲻١
Ҳ¡
һĶŶӣһʮĶء
ƽһĿҪʮĶزǿ±Ǽ˶ĸ˵ʮĶصĲԣҪճɺõĻÿ껹иʳȥ
Ҷͷв˵һ٣˵ĵеֻѰ治һ򵽡
ũ˵ӣҪǳ£Բء
Ҷ룬ǿѰŻ˴Ϣܻ˶Щ׼
УͷȥʣĶҲǺ£ؿɱʵڶˡ
ʱȴԶûôɣҶ̫ʱ첻𴲳ԷȻһ׳ƶȥڵĴ´Ϣ
Ҳǹ򲻸ˣصϢ
˵𣿳¼ҪˣǼʮĶһҪȥʮĶ
˵һֵ̫һ˶̫
̫һ㶣Ϊɶ
¼ҿǸڴһĴ˼ңһڣµＸֳȥˣҴҵģΪҪأ
ֱ̫ͦˣǶ֪ŬŬǰʱ䲻м˸ĺӳǴȥسķĴ֣һĺ϶֪մ˶Ѫ¼ǸܼȾ˶񫣬ڶķ˲ǮһֱϣⲻȥˣҲ֪Ƿ˶ǮȻѾҪصĳ̶ˡ
˵ͨˣķɲǴƻһͷпɽһǮ
¼ҵĵضǷʵأһܲأиҪ󣬵زֿʮĶһڼһʮӣǮ
һʮļ۸΢ЩȴҲǲܽܣϾ˳ġ
һܹͳһʮӵ˼ҿɲ࣬¼ҵѾˡ
Ҷ̫Ϣػصҽתˡ
ҪģǿԿһʮ൫ۼһǿóġ
Ҷ˼˵ͷȥһ¾
ҶͷڵϿ˿ĺ̸ˣϴ϶һȥҲиӦ
ֵԷ׷Ӧһ
緹Ǿ뿪˼ңһֱϲŻһҶ϶̱ڿϣҲ۵òᣬƣ
ҶĸҶֱߣƵʣȥһ˸ڴ壿զ۳
ûҶ˵Ҷ϶ɱˣչȥڳ¼ſڣÿ˶Ŵ󿳵ָų¼˰ļҾ߰˵Ҫծ
¼Ҿˣ̧öôҾߣæ
ҶһŻ˿˵Ҳм£¼ҴӦѵǣȥһ飬û⣬ֱȥŽй
Ϣһᣬȥ
Եúܼ򵥣ǰĽӻʣһЩŹһȾͺˣҪûԱĻͷͱӡ
ҶΪеԣҶĸһƬڵƯźܲƬͰײˣɫ˲ܹʳ
˴ﷺƵڽеһɲ۾˳ŨˮʵƬڿǻһζķ羰ߡ
һƬ̻ʵ¶֮Ҷ褷
Ҷ̫״ָҨףȻϲǾͶԵ㣬緹ûڣƫƫ㻹Ȳҩ
ڻ򿪵ҩҪٺһ׼ͻҩԳͻ⡣
Ҷ뵽ɵӣ껹ãûβҲֻе԰ˡ
ʱҶˣ챦ҩûˣۼҵ±ζҲҪţҴȥһ˻ش򡣡
ҶĸԵͷǸˡ
ڶҶǾȫȥ˳¼ңҶͷ
¼ҪʮĶؼһҶΪ⣬һֺջʱͻ᷽㲻١
ʮĶˣǺأһĶٽʳ
ʵٽﻹǱˣʮַ飬ֻҪúźʮﶼڻ¡
Ҷͷץ˰ֻںָ⻬£Ȼ㲻ϺǷ
վҶͷ
ҶˣԳ¼˵Щػ⻧𣿡
¼ҲԼ֣ǽũÿȡһʳ
⻰һ¼ͻȻ֮ɫжʮĶصڻûʱ򡣡
⡭
Ҷʱڻû
ֵ˼Ҷʵģÿ갴ʱʳԼʵҲ˶٣
¼ҧҧ˵ܽܣʮĶصļ۸Խ͵һʮ
ҶԶֻرվźü˼ңÿ϶Щ˳¼صˡ
еѹûǮصģеǷֵּ֮ĵزȫ˵ģǶ˼ңһȫĶصĲ
ټǼҲȷ鲻ЩأֳȥȷʵǸѡ
磬Ҷһʮӽ˳¼ңﻻһȥٸ˰ϵ־ͱҶͷپʮĶؾɹ
Ҷͷõ֮󣬳¼ҲСպƱˣɵȰĿһ˵£ǿԣǾ˰ɡ
¼ڻжʮĶأǴӴ˽˶ģʮĶ㹻һڳԺˡ
¸ԿɬһЦҼǸıǸ軵ˣȥԺҲûʲôͷպԾͲٳȥʵʵڼˣͷٸȢϱúġ
Ҷͷʮ˻ȥ̾ۼҺӿɵúúỵ́ǧܷɣǲմ϶񫡣
ҶϴҶ϶ɣ˶һۣؼ֮ҪúýѵһԼӡ
ǵϱŶѵһٵҶ˶ʱ±ơ
ҶͷֹǣˣǼ֪ĲĻˡ
˵£ʮĶõǮ󲿷±ζ׬ģ˵ʵ±ζͳģ׬ǮͷҲģȻдҵҲ˵
ǻûּңʵǷֲ壬Ҷ̫⵽ûгԿϾͶǸɵĻҲ١
Ҷڵ˽棬Ǯһ׬ģȻҲȫҡ
ҶĸԴҲûĸ˫ҶʱﲻǲģҶȴǵΪһ˺αҪֵôء
Ҷ褸˵Ժ׬Ǯķûбռˣ˵ȫӦġ
ȴôΪҶɩ˵ϸˣʮĶشܺõġ
ҶɩҲŵͷͬɲΪ˺ã޼ɵռˡ
Ҷ̫ʮοЦЦҸǵˣۼԭĵȲۣʮĶĵһǵģʣһٶ԰ָҡ
ҶͻȻüͷѯʵǵأ
ǰֻ̤ײĵˣҪôظͷȷ˼ңĵҲҪָǡ
ߵĴͳǷּ֮ɳӷͬʱӻֵüɵĲƲĶƽʣµĲƲ
˵㹫ƽҼһӳӳĶ˽ǮϲһСӡ
ֻһӱ㲻ᷢ£Ҷ϶ҶҶֻһкպȫļҵҶҶ褵ġ
Ůǣ׼üױǼ޳ȥǾ׸ǲûм̳Ȩ
л˵
VӦǱżӡ


42 Ϻͺܲ
ҶʣµʮĶϢ˳ȥ, ΪǼҵͶôˣźԼҵĵضЩҪ˵ٸʮĶˡ
Ϊʵڲ, ҶԼҵĵҲȥһ, üٸЩ
Ϣȥ, ܿҪأֻʱ䣬ʮĶؾȫ˳ȥ
ÿ⻧ҶϸȷûǵȰǷ, ʵũˡ
Դ֪ҶʮĶغ󣬲֪жĽȴûеģвýȥҶףǴ󲿷ֳҶ, ȻҲ˿һ, 뽫˵ԼҺӡ
Ҷ̫Ҷɩŵýֻһ仰ǾǺӻСż˵ס
⻰֮󶼱ʾ, ֻੲ, оҶɩ, ɩһҡ
ҼҷҽɲҶ˵ȥһ¾֪ˣѰץڿܸɼˣȻϱȺ, ׻˵ú, Ůש, ˻ϼףѵһżõ£
Ҷɩԣ⻰ɩ˵ġ
ԾĸŹŮĸ첲ߣùһá
ԷҵͷС˵ùúá
ҶɩʵΣ춼Ҫ˵ˣڲżףɩȴʼյû
ɩҸֱ˵˰ɣҪү̵ͷС
ԾĸԲզͰѺ½ү̾ˣҽ޹ҶҲаˣٵСºӣҶҳ㵱
⻰һɵðԷ˸ۡ
Ծĸô˵ҶɩǲɿڣԾĸҲ˵ˣһתֶһ˵ȻûһаɣֶӺ£һ޹Ҽĸţõء
Ҷɩû˵Ҷϴطﶼ䣬ԺҪᡣ
ԴϥĸӣŮӸճͱү߸˺Ƿ׽ѾȢӣС߳ģױòӣèԶĻ졣
ԾĸҸӽа壬ȴҸӷܣֻڨڨ졣
ϾǼݣһٷģȻҶ˶̫ʢ緹ʱֻһĭǻˣصġ
զͳЩһȶ˵ػԵõġ
Ծĸÿڼ̲ϷȥҶ褿Ķ͸оԼˡ
ĿӣһٷͳСͷ
ԾĸȻģȴܳʵֻĭ죬ǵ˶ԹˣӸˮϴƵġ
극ҶݣųԼĵӣóֽͿҶĸϢض
Եˣصظ˸ճǺͶۣϽȳˣٳԶٺõġ
ŴճڸпɱȷõĵĺöˣҶ褱߳Ա̵߱óԵǣմϵĶҲԵ
ȵˮҶĸѲ豭ݹȥˮѾպڡ
ʲôƬ𣿡
Ҷ룬ҪɣͿԡ
Ҷĸպ׼뿪ĻӦһ
ԹᣬҪľȥԱҺӸ档
ԾĸʵǸ⣬һҶ褾һ˵̣˵岻õԭǲҪզһֱ
⻰һͽҶһдʣǴһ˽ŵ˾Ҷ̫ˡ
ҶĸԾͲҶ褳ȥˡ
ҶҲȥ﷭ҳ鶼Ծĸ˵塣
ڵֲ̫ӣĵطϵʶ
Ҷù־ϴολüʱԾڴס׼뿪ˣ֮ǰصذϵĵİŽһ㶼ûʣ¡
֮Ҷɩ㵽һߣС˵ٿһ·ҽ޹ð͹ôһˣǿˣ׼ƫССӣҪȢ˷ҽվߵġ
ҶɩǿаѸ첲һ仰û˵תˡ
ԾĸһĴȣ˺üͷֻʲô˰ѵΪ룿
ߵʱֳԷҷƢ֮ǰǰԣһ㶼ûϡ
Էҵͷѵ⣬ֻ֪ʹ˲Żͣ
һҶɩĹĵػؼңһˮŰŭѹȥҴɩԽԽˡ
Ҷ̫Ļ̾һֶ׼ҹĸģǸˡ
ԼԴ֪ӶϱĵԺ󣬾ͰѴӱôûᡣ
Ҷɩ뵽ϿʵĴֶ˵Ҷ̫ڰμëߣߣʵҪʲô
üĹҲˣɱͦãϳԼ档
Ҷ̫ĻҶɩվ˵ȥؽһϹ
ϲǳ˶óԣܹڵؽﴢĸ¡
Ҷ̫Ųߵؽѿڣľ֧ţп֮ͨ󣬲˳ȥŽѿ͸Ĺ⣬ߴӰڷİײܲһһͣɫĶϡ
Բ͵ĶʮƤŵİ˪
˸еȴСĶϷŽ룬һŰײ˺ܲ뿪
ʱҶɩѾѼˣҶɩҶĸˮ档
̹ˮļ¹ڹηгСĶϺܲƬɹɵľžͿˣȵ֮ǰٰѰײ˷Žȥһ£ֻҪһΣһŨζļˡ
õĲϸ棬ƤһĥСۣɫƫʮŨص
һһÿ˶û˵һԵöǴ
ӵﻹһҶ褼һСĴָôֵŽȫڸоϲճ
ζһ㣬ֻҪһᣬͻռ΢¾ͻһůӺθ
ܲڸƫӲʮֽ塣
Ҫǲԣʳ¨ﻹкüͷһݣһζļɡ
ҶϧİѶȥ̾Ѱ֮ǰԴͷҲû˱ԹֻǶ̶̼θھͱˡ
Ҷ褳Եﻹʣһ룬ÿӽֳŽ
ҳԱˡ
Ҷô˵ڳ꼦
ȥ֮󿪿ڵűȥس
Ҷ̫ͷҲôɨһ£ȵ˵ʱʽš
˵ֵһȥһ˴ɨܱȲٶȿ졣
ɡ
Ƕ̶̼仰ö¡
ڶ磬ȵ̫¶΢ߵʱҶֵܾʹҶ褳
һ·Ҷ褸ûԼߣʼſҶıϣһ·سǡ
سſڷֱҶϴҶ϶ԿȥҶ±ζҶǴҶ褳شȥ
شõҩͯʶǸǽţЦŴкá
ҶЦãг
պóҩָͯ˵ҾͲǹȥˣԭȵӡ
ҶлǣҶ褵ߵǰ̧ţ֮ƿš
򿴼дֱֵͣ
ҶϣЦе˵ã´Ҳǰصң͸һ
˵ͳţٻʱͷ׵ĳ´Ҳˡ
´һҶ褾Ц֮ǰ÷ӹζΣϲ𣿡
Ҷһصͷóԣĺܿθ
һ÷ӹõ÷ִܶ÷óԣҶ褶϶˰£ÿֻҲȫˡ
ȻϲͶԵ㣬Ƕһһù
ų´ַҶϿʼջֺЦ˵ϴʱҪת١
οվλø
ҲóͬĽֿۣһµķӡ
⸱ȳϰ£ҪǵģҪǼÿ˯ǰһ潪ȡ
ͽǼģ󲿷˼Ҷ
ҶȻҩȥץҩҶɵڵϵˡ
һᣬ´һɹޣеװҩƿķŴ棬ƿڱζסһɫ˿
ϵʱҶ褲ŷɹ޴СȻƲ
÷ӹȥԡ
һҪóȥĻ۸񲢲ˣϲԵǼۡ
Ҷ褱ƴǣ´ûи˵Ļᣬֱӽɹֱ׹һ
ǵҶŰõҩ֮󣬾ͿԼҶ޴һغɫɹޡȵ
һ֪ʲô£Ҳûܾ£ֻ뿪ʱЩѣ´˵ġ
ӻشóȥҶ±ζʱŴţҶϴҶ϶Ȼĸɻһɨ㣬һĨ
ҶҶ褰ܿԼҲ˴ɨĶ顣
Ҷʵģοɹϵڣһ÷ӷŽϸƷζһᣬһޱ֮ǰԵûҪóԣζһ㡣


43 С׼
Ҷֵ˽ʱŰӴɨɾ, Ҷɨ㣬Ӳ, Ϣᡣ
ǴӼż, ΢¯һȾܳԡ
һƤֽ, Ҷ褽ҿ֮һҧȥСɵıƤһܲ˿ڸʮ, ļһ嵰һ⣬ͿĽ֭Ģ㣬ֻһССļͺǷʢˡ
Ҷڳļֽ÷Ž, óˮҶҶ˵Ա, ȵˮ
ˮұЧϹȥˮڻǰµġ
Ҷæڽ, ļһ̡
˵ȻûгԱ, 㹻ġ
Ǹճ, ʰöͷţҶȥһŷǳԴ̯лˡ
ǿҶӭ
ԴǸ˵ǸչҲûʲôˮ͵ġ
лͰڰ֣, صлҶġ
Ҷһ, ȷʵ֪лΪҪл
лͺܿΪǽ, Ҷʶ˹ӣŲҵŻõպӵѾȷͷһСҼѵֵùл𡣡
Ҷ⻰̸ѾСϢˣ
лЦŻصǰ˻վҪȥҺӡ
Ǽ£Ҷ˷ܵ˵ֻҪ֪ӵλþͳܰһ
Դ廰ɲǣȺһлүӵĲҲܲζ
ϾлүӵĲĲֻҪĲκãϵĲͼ򵥺ܶ࣬лɩҲͬˡ
лչüëͷһûҵ׼Ѻһ֮ٸ˵
Ҫиһϣʧ治һܳŵסִ
ֻϣҪһɡ
Ҷ϶ҵӣԽһ档
Ҷ褱Աߣ̧֮ͷ˵лԴǴȥ
лʹȰͷúӣͷһúʶһ¡
Աߴ˷׷ЦЦ֮󣬳Դ˸ͷлһȥ𣿡
Сһ𡣡
л⻰̾ˣǼϵܰɽˮΨϱиֵĵܵܣǿһͬš
Դĵȥ˼֣ͬһҾͷˣ֮Ҳõļϱչүǡ
л͹ֵллպ¾ɷԸ
㣬˭˭ھӣ׻˵úãԶײڣ»
뿪֮ǰлͰѱ¨жҶǰ˵ϱʲôĶкǳʱա
ȷʵ˵¨ĶأҶҲûƴǣֱˡ
˶ΪлҵĿڽˣȻȴûչ
лͷ糾͸ϻʱ߲һСкһԷޣǶԷֻžܿҾΪԣСкҲԲɰһ֪úܺá
˽ǰҶʼĪǺӵĸ
Ȼлͳ±ζʳ̣ҶԿɬ˵ǶԷ޳ʮûӣһǸѾǲˡ
ϾǰлǸĺӣ£һʱ㹻Ժģļ䡣
Ҷüʵ׼Σ
үܷǻĴˣһٶĶأ˵ڻ飬պԽԺɡ
ԺɲСרһɽɣĹԱڻԺ顣
ȻҶԴ˲ϤлȴףҪлܽԺ̾һ̹;
Ҹ֮󣬾ȫһȥ
Ҷ˼ΣȰ˵ǵĺӣҲӦõģαȫҰߡǴӹĺӣ˵Ҳǲռ
лȴصҲͦõġ
˵£׼ȥˣҶǷҪ֣
ʵл͹ʵĿġ
Ҷ̾Ȼʵӣ
֮ǰ˰𣬵ڻ£ٸʮͿˡ
ʮʵǺܱˣһмۻڰʮҡ
Ҷڰ֣˵ʵڵ֣ʮ൱ڰͣʵǲʺϡ
лִⲻϸļ۸񣬡ʮá
ִ˭˵˭ֻøһöʮӵת÷ѡ
ҶҶҴǮʱ˵СҲѾһˣֻ⺢лĸͽıڣһʱƼݣ
ڻ˼ңܹ
ȥŽ˰ǩֻѺ֮Ҷ±ζڵӾʽҶ
Ҿʳ̹֮û죬лְԼլӹڵլΪǼҵլӲǵضλǼ۸񶼺ܺʣԺܿ˳ȥ
˵Щ²ڶ̶̰֮ڷġ
Ϊл˾һ¶ʮ뿪лصǰ磬˰Ҷھڵˡ
ҶҶǰȥ磬ҲҶ褵һοлﳤа˷ʮ㡣
Ȼȴлһ㷴ӦûУϰڱ˽ܵ
ĸҲʱ򣬿Ǹˡ
ܷ˿ŹԹԸҶһҶ褼ֱòУҶ褵ͷЦ⺢ѩɰ
Ҷлܷ˵Ŀޣпȡúã֮ʡ
үܷ˵֣һֱûŮԴǱΪӣʵ᲻뿪
Եһ룬лլеĶпϵģֱߡ
ȥǸھߣȻǴ̫ණֻܴϹصģʣµƷٹɡ
լӹͻͷĶһηָѡ
⻰һ˶ǿĵģϾܰ׵ö˭ϲ
ּ㹷鵥ŲۣʵһֵͣǸֿ񡢹ư裬˵ﻹûժİײ˶ǸϷˡ
ԭҶ׼лȴ˸֮ǰһֱõ䣬˺ЩˣҲߣԾ͸ɣѧʱϣ滹ż飬ֳģϧ˵һѵȴеġ
Ҷ˵⻰͵һлȻӹ࣬Ҷ褺津ֺеĵطѾĥ˰
ϯƵǱԴ뿪ʱһ˸߲ҵӡ
Դ̯ѾΪһʳ⣬нӺſڱ˵ԴȴҲ²Сļҵ
ϯʱҶ䣬ǣҶߣһֱſڣſ˵͵ɣףһ·˳硣
л͹ֵԴһټҲ֪Ǻʱ
пһӶټ棬ӶҲҪ£Ҫ˵һ뿪ˡ
Ҷ¶пҲ˵ʲôٱĻֻϣպƽ
Ҳǣɽˮһջ
Ҷ褱Ҷǣ֣ͷȥл͵ӰڵҹɫнûҲһξȻл岢ʮϤһ˿ͷ
л˵
л2022-05-05 19:57:13-2022-05-07 12:43:18ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ
лͶ׵СʹŮһȭ 1
лӪҺСʹ 35ƿҹѩ 20ƿһҶ 5ƿѽѽѽ 1ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


44 ̸
, ۼҵҹֻСУ
Ҷ˷߽ܵ¡
Ҷ̧̫ͷֵǰҾͿĸͦ꣬ǲҪ, û뵽, ȥơ
ҶϢ, Ҳܺ棬ǣС׾ܣ֮Ҫȥ񷿣ΪĸҪԸһЩ¶, Ƿտռ䣬ֻҪԱл𿻵ӽһܾ¶ȡ
һžһ
ҶǰڵϣֻëʪҽƤϵСУضҶ˵ԭСëİ
ǵëǴɫǴŵƵĻưɫ, ǲ, ԵЩɰ
ҶСڣڻû취ۣƻҪ죬Ҳֻ֪Сǹĸ
֮ɱ˳, ȥ˼ҵĸ, ĸ˵, Լ̺ȡ
һ̹ҶЦǺǵ˵Ժпɶˡ
Ҷɴ뵽㣬⴮߽ƬƬڻһ̵ζζɵòǲڵĿˮ
СװͷҶһ·Ҳˡ
ֱʿˮ, Ҷ̫ŽĶû
Ÿ, ܿ仨
˵ĸС, ĸĹҵظŵͷˮܳ㡣
̣ǲǸøĸˣ
Ҷ褴ӿռϣһĸ̺ͿԼˣȷǲҲ
Ҷ̫ҡҡͷĵظͣõʮҲܼ̣ڻС
ϾͬһƷֵҲģҶĵͷ
ĸ겻ܺˮһᣬȥպˮ
Ҷ̫ԸͼҴȥ䣬רιʳһˮ˹
ĸȻǿˣذյߣĺˮܿˮͽȥһ롣
Ҷַ̫һϽȥﶹɣûޣĶ죬ϱĸϲʳ
ΪСڶѮԵĩʱҶ̫ʰö׼ˡ
ľͰӡëĸվ˳Ҷ̫ŪҪ֣ͿԱ̽һڵʱһ
ҵιԹԣզˣ
Ҷ˰ãһһĺڰ׵ָ˵ӦǸղʱСĲϻˡ
Ҷ̫ûסһۣˣҪû¸Ͻȥյˮ
ȵ°Ҷ̫ϴɾ˫ˮĸġøɾȻüӼΧĳë
Ҷ褺ضţ˵֮ǰһҪɾҪȻĸġ
Ҷ̫ϸİĦĸʱʱһĸֻҪһ͵÷ᶯ
տʼļַ裬żžֻ׵ˮĸľͰ
ΪǰѼ̲Ҫ˺˻Ҷ̫תͷԸҶ褣̰Ա߸ɾľͰù

ҶӦһСŰװ˱һ̵ľͰƳٰµľͰŲҶ̫ȼ䡣
Ҷ̫߼̱˵̵Ĺﲻܶ۶ͣһͣҲˣһҪɾɾĻĸҲ
ϸҶҲ棬ʱСͰڣŨ̱㼷ˡ
һֻֻܼôЩ̣Ҷ̫Ͱ߳ȥչôһʱ䣬ֻһûע⣬תͷʱͿҶҨһ̷
ûҶ̫ѵҶӾͰ̱߿Ա˳һ̲СǺɤ˲Ť
һ㶼úȣһζ
֮Թ
Ҷ̫бһۣû˵ûأҲºĶ氡
Ȼ֮кصζٱҪһЩ
Ҷ褼״̾һ̵ʱżʡ
УתͷͷԸҶӣӸȥؽװһ
ҶĻ΢ͷرܣˮ̡
Ҷ褿ʵܣӶͳ÷ӹԵ㶫
Ҷæӹ÷ӹŽòײѹ¹ζ
οҶ褵ļ磬Ǿһ
˵ȥؽһԼĪ߰˸㹻ġ
̲УֻҪͿˣԽԽŨ㣬̽ðС
̶ֳȾͿ԰̴ӹﵹˣͷǳԲ˵ģ̳Ҷֱ̫ι
̻ɫڴɹҡΣ˵Ĳˡ
ʱǳзʱ䣬˳ӳıͬײһгϸϸ˿ڹκͽͽзζдһ˿΢Ҫ˵ȱĻǾǳԵʱ׿ʣҶ̫һҨһųԡ
Ҷ褵ͷСسһ̡
ζɱ⣬̱ţ̵ζҪһ㣬Ҳܹܵ֡
˳ϸ̴ɤӻ£ҶĺһǺˬ
Ҳͷ̣ΨҶӿһʮ־ӡ
ⲻͬѰ̬һɻؿһʵզȣζĺŨȷʵúȡ
ҶԥβŽصͷߺһڣ۾ֱ̺̼ȫͬĶ
ôúȰɡҶЦ˵
úȣҶþ̣û뵽ֻһᣬζͱá
Ϊ̵ζȥ߻Ͳֻ̣żţ̵ʱһ㣬ҲѵãϾţ
Ҷ褺̵ʱͻȻƷʱͲϿʼˡ
̲̲衢̸⡭
ĸ˻һֱʮʱﲻܲ⣬ӶԲ̣Ҳ͡
ʹǼԺһļ̺ȡ
һ̣ҶЩδ죬ÿ춼ܺһ𣿡
Ҷ̫̣øѧẓ̇ÿȥһΡ
У¾ͽҰɣҶĵ˵
Ҷ̫䲻ҶӵĻϻǾľؽ̣û뵽ǣҶӾȻļÿ𴲵һ¾ȥιȻĸ̡
Ͱ֮Ҷ褾ʹҶ̸̫⡣
㿴ộԼҲȲ꣬Ծɵİɡ
Ҷ̫ˬ˵ɣ̽ô
ʵ̸ܼ򵥣ֻҪ̺Ͱν׵ۣĥϸˣʹʳĿڸУ⿹ϡ
̺Ͱһ𵹽ˮ߿߽裬һֱ󵽹Һ䲻ʱˡ
Űľȴģɡ
Ҷ̫һ̸ͳɹˣõгС飬һھͳ޵̸ȼζǲ
ţĸʵҲͺҡ
Ҷ褳̸⣬ŴζŨֱƵڼе̶ĿڸС
Ҷͷȴ˵ʺϸ˳ԣ̶ãҲҧһͻˡ
Ҷ̫ͷɲǣˣЩСҲܳԡ
⻰ҶͻȻǰһÿͰ̣Լȿ϶ǳԲ̸꣬أ۸Զ΢һЩɱҲߣٵ͵ļ۸׬ͷ
һ⽨˵͵ȫ˵ͬرҶ϶ʮ²ֵس±ζһڼңЩʣҪټ̸⣬ǵ
ǵڶһȫҾͿʼջ̸⣬ŨƮɢڿڴĴСӣƮˡ
ɶζôô㣿
ǴҶǼҴġ
̫ˣ׼ȥǿҪһ𣿡
һһ𣬿ߣ
СߴҶҸϣǵʱҶż̸Ե𣬲ʱιڽűߺСһ顣
ҶԵרģûע˹̸óԣҲ֪ô
ζĳյСǲ¿ˮ
Եʲô
⻰Ҷ͵̧ͷֻڵΧߣǣͲˮˡ
̸⣬ģζʮ𡣡
ҶһСݸǣǳ
ССһҲǼԵĩˣҲˡ
̸ó԰ָ̾
Ҷ褵ȵľһ̣æ棬ǼҴӽ쿪ʼҪ̸ˣһ飬ֻҪǮ
һԼгô󣬶ǮǴ˶ͳ
С̿ڣģֻҪǮ
˵ľͲҶˣǳ̸ҶȻģҵܵզƭǰ
Ҷû뵽ǣһǮľǴС׳
ӶóǮֵ˵ȸһҪǺó򡣡
Ҷ褽ӹǮݣơ
̸ⶼϣϴɾľʢţ̻ɫһ֪ζ
ǼȻṩ˰װҪߵĻԼ
׳˿ڿˮָǸ˵̸⣿
ǰҶŽżøɾĿӼг̸֮ǵðͻ
һ̸ڣ׳۾˲ûСʻһ̶ܣܱߺȻ͹
Сɻػ࿴һۣǴӱҲˡ
ȥ˵һ׳Ӿ֪ζ
СԶܣһҪҶ褼ҵ̸⡣
Ҷ褼ߣæѵǵô

̸Ǻȷʵ֪Ǯȴõóбַ˵Ĵ˾ʹźҶν̸⡣
ʱ׳һǰҶɩ̸⡣
㣬һզ
ҶɩҲûؼг̸Ž̫
뿪̫֮׳ͷ㵹ɣ͸þһҵһ
׳ǣ̣ܳһ𣿡
ﲻ飬ǲԣ
Ҷ˲̸֪̫Ϊˣ֪ҲɶӦѾȥĶҴֱӵûϵ
Ҳ½½̸⣬ԸλϺʹ峤Ϊÿһ춼ĵһͰ̣ʣµľҶԼˡ
ȻѾ졣
л˵
г齱1%ͿԳŶ


45 
ҶͷҶ϶ڼſڸ˸, Ȼܼԣڷ絲ֻ꣬Ҫ«έɵһˡ
ҶԹ۵ʱʮ̾Ϊֹ, һȫ˹Ŵ˵Ĵ, Ƚʵۡ
г, ģװΣͨͨĺľ̸ⱻϵľ, Ϊ˱֤ɾ滹һ㲼
һǼ̸⡣
վֵҶ̫
㣬һ̸⡣
̫ǮϣҶ̫˵
Ҷ̫ûֱӽӹ뽫̸Žȥ, 顣
ζ, ԶϱɶɶΨǼҵ̸⻹ܳԽȥ顣̫ӽϣп
Ҷ̫˸, ԳԵ, ǹ֮, Ҫǹ£ɽϸԳԡ
ҼѾŴˣǳԵ٣̫ʵΣ֮ǰк, ʱǵÿһ̸Ⱑ
Ҷ̫ͷӦһ
ϵ̸ۿɼٶʧ, Ҷ̫Ըһ, ȥһ
Ǽ̸Ⲣһ꣬һ֮翪ʲôʱֻʣ֮һͿʼڶĻȵһڶͿ޷ϡ
ҲЩ꣬࣬ﵱ˾С
Ҷ˸æµʱſͻȻţҶɩָϹȥŷڴԶףǸС߸һ
ôˣ
æڰ֣ҾͲȥˣֻ̡
˵̾ҼСһӹ̫ˣǸθۣȥ򣬴˵ҩͬʱҪϸţÿ춼һ̡
Ҷɩ꣬Ƚ˵
֮ÿҶ褺ҶһڿϽζسš
Ȱؿ˵СԵö㰡
Ҷɩˡ
Ҷ褰һںȥɵվá
Ҳá
ҶɩӵͷҶ˵úӣȥһˡ
Ҷܽȥ£ŵһᡣ
Ȼȥ˺ˮϡ
Ҷɩƿ߳㿪Ц˵ôϲȵڽУԭҪˡ
⻰һϵЦ˼֡
ֺ䣬Ҷɩͳȥ滻Ҷ̫
⣬Ҷ̫ˬصͷû⣬ֻôãΪһ·ϻôʱЩֵ
ˣҶҴи񾭳Ǽÿ¸һǮǰ̴С
Ҷ̫ûˣһ̸㳢Ǽҵ̣ǷСȵùߡ
ԭûж̵ζжϣֻžҲҪúÿһ
ɫ̸һھ˳Կ϶ñƺҲȡ
ԼҶṩ̣ҲøǮĴƼĴζʵ񼸺ȥǶ
ǮǻȽʺϣΪ̲öۡ

Ҷ褳̸⣬о̵ҶϲĻҪ̲裬ֻҪɽժҰҶټһǾ壬ʮֺúȡ
ҶӺְ̲֮裬ֻǶ̶̰µʱһȦҶϴٻؼҿʱ𾪵۾ѿˡ
ֳʲôأ˵ԭǸüĿкǰԲ꣬һ֪Եúá
϶ôֳˣ
Ҷɩ쿴Ҷӣûʶı仯ҶϴôһŷӦ˵û뵽̶ôãֻ˰£˶׳ʵ١
ֻ׳ʵֳɸˡ
⵱ȻֻҶӱ仯ôҶͬˣԭȻƤף͸Щ԰ףһѪɫûУȴǴɰдź
ʵҶ褿̵ĹͣһϸֳʳټÿÿٷܳԱÿˣ̴ֻһӡ
ҶԴȴοϺҶĸڴл۳Ž٣̻Ǻö
ҶĸͷǶ˱ĵӣҪȻԭζôص̿û˰ȡ
Щʱ֪ǻá
ҶҪǴСʼ̾ͺˡ
Ҷĸ˵ڿʼҲ
Ͻ˯ɣ챦Ҫѧˣ㲻˵ȥ
仰βϵ͵Ʊ㱻˴ˣ밲֮С

һµ̨ϵı֮󣬾Ϳɵĺͯѧⱻ֮Ϊ͡
¶ȸһЩĵطͿѧȻڶ»ǵˮɱ¶ʮȣͯѧʱͱƳٵ³
ҶҽҪѧֱҶӡҶҶ褣˵Ҷ̫˸磬صһʢ緹
һһ켦⣬Ҷ̫صһࡣ
гɱƬκ⣬ʹͷһ¹Ͱ󿪣󵽰׷׻ʱͿԷһνеζûζİȣĺ·֪Ҷ褾Ͱһˡ
˳ϸΣн΢̵ڿǻн֯ŷζ
ѧҪúҶͯĻǧܵƤ
Ҷ̫˵ͿҶר־غ࣬仰ûȥһ־ס䣬ѵ㣬ٴҶͯǶ˽ﲻ棬ؼҺôʰ㡣
Ҷæʹ̣ˣͷİɣһúѧ
ҶɩǲҶѧγڣϾҪǸʺѧϰģʱͰȥҶͯǶˣΪȫû취飬Բûѧֻϣܶϼְˡ
ȳ극ҶĸҶ褴Ϻʵ£οúӣ[澫񣡡
û˵Ҷپ¿ɰɰ׵ϵѾΣµ뻹ǸͦıͳСɴ촽ƯȻҲϳһźÿ
°ɫ[Ϸг
׼𣿡Ҷ߽ʡ
Ҳصػһɾѡ
Ҷ̧ͷӦˡ
ҶҸҶ褱ϣЦ˵̫ƵҰɡ
һɫĲģɫ͵ͬʱҲϸܣҪҶϵһҶĸ۰
Ҷһȥ˴˽ӣʱҪѧĺҲˣҶ˨Ҷԡ
ֻһ˽ӵѧͬҲҪ񣬼¹ڡʦ񡢾־ġ
Ҷͯǰվһеѧ¹ڣƣ¹ڣ
ѧǽѧãʮѧǰǿӵλҶйݾߵİʦ񣬱㱻ˮ߾־ģϸϴһΡ
Ҷͯ˱صͷӹëʣմɰҶ褶ǰһź룬νɰǡ
պҪˡ
쿪ʱҶ褿ԼֲɵСһ죬صĺһȣʵЩĿȻҶͯѾǺܲˣǸһȣǼֱǾΪˡ
ﲻֻиѧѧмЩģҵѧľͺˣҶͯҶʶֵʱ˾Լѧš


48 ̶
, 档ڳ֪
Ҷѧҡͷ仰һۺ, ʵ仰ս, Ը⽲һ
˵ձ۾һɨ, ֻѧǸƵͷԣΨеǵ֡
־Ϳ޲Ҷԣʱ۾һɣʮŭ䲻, һ־˽ﶼ֪ӽ˶ٱˣһöûУѧͷѧˡ
Ҷ԰пʱҶ褾֣õҶ׿, վ, ʿڵǰипڵСʱ֪Դøԣֳĵ, ÿ˴С֪ġ
Ҷ褽ʱҲ, Ǻ, ԽӦ൱ʷϵĺ֮ҲδԪ֮䡣
ҶصͷҶ£Ȼ⣺־ȻʲôѧʣΪµĵ
˵ֻһת, ֮, ĵʥ, ͸ˣȴǴ´ࡣ
Ҷ褶ü档
ѧյĽȣҶͷŸѧѧ뿪ˣҪ̵Щ꣬ٹЩλҪȥںԺпˣͨʽѧ˳ĻºµʱǾܲμԺ͸ԡ
Ҷ褼֮ǰصǻȥǵýսıʱһ˿졣
Ҷ褵ͷ֮鱾ͱֽŽպãճžͿҶʹࡣ
һ飬ѯʵôˣ
Ҷӿش𣺡Ҷһ仰ûҪȫһ鵽ô죬Ҫˣ
Ҷ⻰һ£ҶӺ׵ģ̾磬Ȼؼҽ㱳һúúٷˡ
ﶼãסһͿʼ⣬֪ԼòԣѾŬˡ
ȥѾϹµѧֻǽͬЩսѧĲ࣬һѧˡ
һúҶظƶ
Ȼ¶ľĻûؼҾʧˣԭֵ·ű¨һɻá
Ҷɻʣ㣬ҪȥĶ
ɽµִðͷˣǲժʱȥժ㣬˵ϸԡ
һ̧ϵı¨ʾǡ
ҶһۣװľͷӺһ˫ס
Ҷ˷ժҶ˵ҰҴȥŮȥժʵǷĲ£һ𡣡
һ˸ۣ㻹ǸϽȥɣɶΣյģΣҲΣղ챻򡣡
ʵ˵ʵҶҲͦģժ񵽵ǸĹ̡
ҲҲһȥ¡
һĻŵͷɣֻǿɱôõ·ǻؼһһġ
ժʱҪڲȥȥ·Ū඼ģһ˵Ƽ㶼˼˵ȥժˡ
صش˴üľ·Ǳ֦ˣֱӼһ¸ĳĨС
áҶӦһ֮͸Ͻܡ
ҶĸҶܵͷǺĻë𼱡
һȥժ񡣡
ȥȥɣֻǧҪСģɽߣȥҼ·
Ҷĸ˵ʹҴҴӿ﷭һĸ£ȻҶ褻·ʱֹһˮҵˮڱ¨
˼ǵúˮŶˣһһ̸ȥժ˿΢ӡ
Ҷ褱ϼһ޲ı¨ͷģҾԲǿ
Ҷĸڵ仰ͷЦ£ȥɡ
ߵԺԶԶҶӵĽһһúñ顣
δ䣬ҶӾͬһһܳϱ¨͸ߵˣվҶߣôû
Ϊ˭һ㳶·װҶɩһۣ߹Ѽ鿾õĺŽ¨ǵøֵܽǷһ֡
Ҷ褿ⳡɵһ壬ôԽԽǳȥˡ
붫ʱ򣬽űͻȻһ󶯾ͷȥֻСҧĿӡ
С׵ͷôˣ
ҶĸЦΪȥ˽ӣСſڵǻò׼Ҫߣɲǵˡ
Ҷ룬СҪҪһȥ
Сβͻҡ
Ҷĸ˾˵һҲá
СѾڣһմһգվҶߵʱ
ûһҶͳˣҶɩ߱ʣӻҪҪһ𣿡
ﺢӶȥˣΨһ˶Щʡ
ֻӻȴҡҡͷҸԼ˳ȥժӡ
ǻ̫Ů˺õøһƵģ춼һ棬ҶɩҲǣϾŮڵҲôһʱ䡣
ӻĻҶҲûСȥϡ
һԶԶǱ֣ҷż˶ߣҪȥˣ۵ĴҪժˡ
Ҷ褼ӿ첽һߣǼвٶģСıͲΧ֮ģкöóԵģһְɫ񹽣ϸϸһ俴Ųۣζ൱ãһֳζ
ĵط£һҶŹȥȻתӼá
Ҷ褱Ҷӷһµ׾͸о֮Ϯ̧ͷһ֪˶գУ¶Ҫȡ
˿ܾðǼ£ֻҪ֪ⲢɵĻиָ£һûȾˤһӡ
ʮֳʪʱʱУȻҶȴûʮæңͷ֦ҶˣֽҲȫࡣ
һлرģ׶͵ֱӶ¨
һֱĨ˰Ѻӽ¨̾治ס
Ҷľͷڣһ£ֱǼðʱŰ̾ɵʳҲûôˡ
Ҷ褺Ҷ˰һٶȾҲܿװһ¨
Сײʱͷᣬҵ񹽺ݥʱͽһӻ֮æϹȥժ
ʵ۵òУ˾ͣҶ褴ӱ¨ͳƤֽõ̸ˮңֽһʳ
ҶͻȻ뵽ʲôתӱ¨óѾѹĺڨЦ˺ǴպϳԳ԰ɡ
һӻҲͳʳ΢ӱɻ
һֱҶôǲŰ֣뿪
صңҶ̫һǱӣæӹ¨֪ǿ϶òӣѾպˮˣȥϴϴ
Ҷ褱Ҷĸߣȫ̲Լֻ֣ҪԼľͰֻ
Ҷĸ˿ϣֻЩ죬㿪˵ϷƵ޲Щ
ҶɬЦŵ٩ȫûƨɵҶ߸ʲô

˺ˣҲ˵ˣԼһᣬ·ڿˡ
Ҷĸ뿪Ҷ褿ľͰһᣬŻϸɾ·߳ȥ
¨ңȥ̰񡣡Ҷĸӹװ·¨ָָԺӵȥɡ
Ҷ̫ʱڵϣűһˮȥƤŽ
ҿʰˣһȥ磬ɵúúüලҪ´Ҷͯ״ûùӳԡ
Ҷ褼Ҷ̫ȷʵѾʰòˣͣ˽ţóңҶǳݣһһؿʼǡ
һʮʮ١仰˼һʮ֣Ȼʮһʮʮʮһ٣õľʮλ
ҶʶҶɩ߸пӱ
ϵ͸죬ɫ޼ˣпÿһⶼ͸ԵʮˣǼѬ⣬ϵù£á
Ҷ̫һ٣ɱۼҺӶǶµģһˡ
ϱ΢ļ仰ͬʱϵĶͣܿζҶӱҲרģԴ
Ҷ褾鱾һ£ŻϽ飬ҪǱһΣС̲Է
Ҷذջϵ֣̾ʶҲʶ֡
һһҲڽ֣⻰ɸֵ˶˵ٱ֣ѵ𣿡
ҶԿЦ¡
Ҳ֪˶ãҶĸ߽кˣʰһ¶ɣ춼ˣȳԷ
Էˣ
ҶӻذҶ褰ŽңȻܳȥϴ֣ٻʱ򣬿Ѿչʳɢ
һ⣬һ̶ĭĶ̫࣬ǼڳԶϣһСа趹Ǵ̵ģ㹻˳ԡ
ʳǸ׺Ͱ׻ϵ׷
ҶΪǵСа趹ǺܺóԵģǰζ㣬䣬Ƭһ㶼ϣģȥ֮󴽳㣻ʮˬ۵Ķʹ̵СдһӾζ˫㡣
ĭҶϲĲˣһ׸׷һȣϸĭ׷Ⱦ΢ƣһϴһŽֻҪһĹܰһ뷹Թ⣬Ķϴġ
Ҷ̫Էʱ˵Ҷˣȡ
ʵʳʺ̻ԣ񹽣ֻҪ΢һ̾ͺζˣԵľһԭ֭ԭζ
л˵
־ڰٶȰٿơ


47 Ѽ
Ҷʵζ, Եڶմ˽ӻ͸Ҷ̫ؽȫһ, ˸еĲϡ
Ȼûдζ, ǾѼҲܺѽ
û뵽, ȻѾлˣֻΪӻů¯ֻҪϷŸװľ̿¯ӣ¯ټһ, ཹðݣͿ̸ʳĳԡ
Ҷ̫֪ԹӣץһֻѼɱ
ϴɾͿѼгС飬ˮãϴ, ֱӵ, ȻŽƬ͸Ͻ㣬һֱͱɫʱͰѼ⵹ȥ
ѼڹˮˣСʱ, Ҷ̫ƿǵһ˲, Ҷ褳, ζĶӲɵ÷һС
Ҷ̫һۣЦǱġ
Ҷɩӻ˵Ǳŵζˮ, 㰡
Ҷ褺ٺһЦ, ֱ, Ϊóԡ
ǸհѼˮһ𵹽ڻ¯ϵͭҶĸͶżľˣǸϴпزˣƬ۶񹽺ݥȡ
ҶΧڿԱ̹ӱ졣
΢΢ƮżҶ褼һݥŽԭ۵֭ôˬҧʱŷ
ݥͨһ飬ɹܱܾ֮ãֻҪעⲻѹһֱ´óǺõġ
ŴһڵĹʵǼⲻˡ
Ҷ϶һڷǼҲ˴һھպˮͲȥӱߴˡ
Ǽ˿ԺӵеˮģһھȴǴ´ࡣ
Ҷͷȴûͬ⣬αҪ򾮣۴Ӳ·Ľų̣Ǯ
ҶҲͦԺģһˮܱȺˮɾǼȡˮʱߣҲûӵľͷˮɱЩеģտܺȡ
˵һֹ֣Ӷɺˣպٳ飬һھܻһЩ
쵽ˣ¶Ȼطö࣬ҪЩûʳӵھЩʵĹЧټϾˮߵģܺﳣԵԡ
һһгҶ褾˵үүֱİ壬Ҷ϶ͷȥҸʦ
ѼԵҶĸһѴζһһСպóԵøɸɾ
Ҷ褳̾΢ĵĶӣδ顣
Ҷĸһ֪Լϲٷ£պԶЩ
ȵͣҶ϶ţ⼸ΪٽӣԲ˴򾮣ԱЩûкĴӣ˶Ǵ򾮵ĺ֣ŴҲҪķʲôǮƣֻҪԼѶ׼ãȴþŸЩͺá
Ҷ϶ǸӣûͺسԶһ˵ˣʱҶҰæ򾮣ֻҪҶҰһ緹ڱһֻҪһӡ
ȥسһһֻҡѣһͰһһᣬ֧ɣıʾһľʵԭƳɵĹߣǺܾϸûյĻɡ1
ȻĴȴ˵о㣬ȥسǴ˶һίиǡ
һҵֵܣշ롣
Ҷ϶һҲûʲô㶩ԼԼտʼ򾮡
ֵѡԺһأָ˵㿴Ӳݸĵطȣïܣ϶еˮڼܳˮ
ȷ˴򾮵ĵص㣬ǾͿʼú׶ڣڳӽභװǽߣЩãݳǽ
ҶǼˮԼĪֻʮ׵ӱˮҶ϶ͷֵһõľӹ̾ڣش亻ʵǸ󹤳̣µʱ䡣
ѵĵط꣬ͼ򵥵öֻ࣬ҪھʯͷΧεΧװã׹һľͰҡְľͰˮУʱȡˮ
򾮵治̫Ǽι۵ʱ޲ڣǼĶľҼҲ׼ͷܸ¡
Ҷ̫ͷӦУǴسǱȽԶҼһƶҪıҲࡣ
سǸĴ˵ԽԶԽƶϾϢֻͨлɻʱʱЩͷԵЩż˵һ˵ͷڴĲֻջ˹ѹѹٺݣҲû취
̫һҨľˮζĢ́ˮûôúȣտֶӡ
⾮ˮȱһ䣡
Ҷ̫ҲźһҰˮ±Ӻ󣬿ʣҴĻ¶ʲôʱ򣿡
ù˴ô˵Ҳõĩˡ
ڼҼһæйƣ
淼޹ȥǻ˼ҸҼҶϱЩݹϵͷҼ϶ɵöЩ
Ҷ̫ĸŮ۸жòһҪຣɲǵˣ
̫˼˵û˵̫ɶ˰
һ߸·򲹶Ҷɩ廰֪֮ǰ¹һ̫Ҳ֪ô˺´ҩܾΪԲһֱûж
٣˵أԭ̫ЩֻǶ̫һøжûС
Ƕ֪ǣ̫Թ´򿪵ҩз֢״ת٣ݺ´˵һֱҩҩʱ˵ˡ
ȻһΪⳡ纮ǰ̫֮ǰ״̬֮ǰٻܡŰĽлȴб´ԴʵΣֻٴλӡ
̫һֱҶҴԲ뿪
ˣҶ̫ȴʼռŻ̫˵Ҫ򾮵ĻҶ϶Ͱ¸ȥǷֵʣǻӲӴ򾮵Ļ
ŴҶ϶̧ͷһĴȣⲻ𣬷ֵ׼򾮶飬ũڸһЩ򾮵Ḷ́͸ȥ˵һ
Ҷ϶ͷֵܾһ򾮣Щϧ˼
ǳɣ¾ͽˡҶֱ̫˵
ͷİɡ
ҶӾŻƶСĹʼ飬Ҷɩɸֵ첻ô˻õ͵ƣҲ˷ѡ
ʵ˲˷˵Ҫ۰Ҷ͵ƾüҪ֧ɣ͵̫谵ˡ
Ҷ̫۸Ȼŵͷͷس֧
ĹҪ͵ö࣬ûǰ鱳꣬Ͼŵ׽ӡ
ȻҶӾǸѧϰ֢ģǰһ컹úóŵҪ米飬ڶͰԺⲻϵϡ
˵ȺǶ˯ˣҶɩӸǸʺģǰͷҼҸ˵ʺѧǿܲҸʦиܱڼǿ
Ҷͷüһں̣ģʵڲо϶׼ҽԣкнô
˵Ǽض࣬ƽֵÿͷϣ㹻ǣֻҶӵжܵЩ£ҪôһС
ҶɩӦһ
һŮҶڲģŮһͶҶȴҪġ
һ߻µŮǲ̫ԶŶƲϸܣɵö
л˵
1:԰ٶȰٿ


48 ̶
¹һС, ӭ˴ӣΪ˸أҶҾسǵӶʱˡ
ǼʮĶظ֮ǰһ, ֵӺ͸, ҲһЩڡ, ǼҸϲͰףζͬʱҲܱ
̫䣬ֲˮֻȥسϷĸְ, ۸ȷʵ׷ǵʳ
ҶҾżһٴ׷Ҳǰ׺͸׻ϵģһ㱡İףѹŵļǸס
һҶ˾ͷ׷׿ũȥ, ֻʣڼ
Ҷ𴲺ȥ˽, ȷѧصҾ͸Ҷ̫ʼ緹粢ûлؼҡ
Ҳûʲôõ, ʣµı, һЩˡ
ǸɻҶȴʵϷ
Ҷ褱Ҷ̫˸, ʳȥͷ
·ԶԼĪһӾܵ
ڸصҶֱϵ̤ɿӹʳ, һ, ¶һĨȡ
ռʲô
ֻһһг˰ôİӷʳ, Ա߻һԴͲͷ˶
ҶָǰӶҶ˵ϽⷹȷʵóԣҺܷ㣬вˡ
ҲһģſԵ緹ȥֵĳǣ򵥣ζҲǲҪֻҪԼӣʺڼ
ʣİȫ˷ţҶ̫ȻۣŴǸܵü˳Ըǣ˺ġ
ҶҶ褴ˮϴ֣ɺžҧһڣȸ֪׷ڸƫӲȻ㾢ܲɵζεӣȷʵζˡ
ҶڴؿζΣ
óԣҶڰѷȥ󣬺һ̾ɱȸɳͷ߰öˡ
ʵڼ򻯰ķţķʱҪ̦ɺ֥ȲϣֻûЩϣ޷
ʳŶҶԹˣŲñ£Ҷ˵ȥֵǸְˡ
Ĺؼ磬ǺͶӰ
Ҷ褿ǰ絽һأͻȻˮ
һֱҶŷԼ⻰˵˳
ˮů͵ĵط֣Ϸﶬ첻䣬ˮÿ죬Ͳˣûӷѿأؾ͸ˡ
ʣϲ԰𣿻ͷ̹Ƕ㡣
ʳҶȷʵϰ߳׷ĬĬ˼ţҲ֪ͨһЩֶܲںֲˮ
˵ֻ߸طһ¿ռⷽ鼮
ҲǸڵḶ́϶Ǽġ
Ҷ褿ʵ֪ϷˮĶж𣿡
Ҷ⣬ץץ°ͣ»ش𣺡Ҽȥ˵Ǳ߷˳ˮĶԼٶн
ߵСĶҲнɴ˿ɼˮĲ֮ߡ
Ҷ˵ɵֲ˶˵պ죬㡣
Ҷ褴ʱҲ̾ӽˮ治Ϊ
˼֮Ҷɫ̫ûôˣվҶ褵ʳлȥʱ㣬ż
֪ġҶӦһ
ʳиǺãžߣ·ϸպӭϴһظҶĸ
ɣҶĸʵ
Ҷ褵ͷͷȥɣ绹Ҫȥ˽أӻʱ˯һ
˵ͼҴߣǼʮĶزһҶ˶Ǹһ飬ͷȻҲǷֿ͡
Ҷ褵ҵʱʮְֻҶӻݡ
Ѿȥ
ҶԵͷʳз£ȻҶһȥؽѣӸľһ̶ǳ¶ɴ̡
һ̶һȥ˽ӵʱ͹ȥ
ãӻصͷͺҼңо˼
ҶҶһ̧һˮ̶ݽȥԾߵľˮһַˮʵһˡ
̶ľҶ˵ȥԺõĲý
ջ¼˶ҶŲ߽ûһͰѻ
̶ڹ﷭ڣһ̶ֱʱҶ褰ѸմӺԺժĽŽȥһ
ʱţ̶ͽڿУҶӻ۰Ͱ͵Ź
ǰҶʱ䵹İǣڻ̶֮ܰʢˡ
ҪֻҪȻУ̶Чǳá
ǿȺһ𣿡Ҷ̿ˮŲʡ
֮ɣ̫ˡ
ô˵Ҷ褻ôҨ̶ȥ
Ҷӻ̶ֱֱʱʱһ¿ˮ
ôһѾˣʣµʱҲ˯ҶҲ׼˯ˣϴ˰һ£˸ҰС
ҳͿҶͷߺȱ̵߱ó
⣬̶̾úȰ
úȾͶȵ㣬ǵͲ̶ȥ˽֮Ҳܺȡ
Ҷ˵óĸԴͲԹȻϸӷŽ
šҶͷģæ˵΢һᣬҰá
û£ż
ʱ̶ҲˣҶ褶һ£ڱһ̶ѾãΪһ壬ͷһͻһůȵģȥ֮ĵȱʧˡ
̶ʵǺô䣬һһ
Ҷܳſ֮ǰҶͻȻ£Ͻȥóһ
˵ʵһ̶ʵᣬ;Ъ˺üβŵط
·üλ˿ʣȥĶ
Ҷ褸кȻش𣺡˵̶ү͹ȥ
Ŷǿȥɡ
˿ֵԶıӰпТ˳ִ
ɲǣҶСʱҲǸϻ۵ģӵ

Ҷ褿ɲ֪˴̸ԣ֪ҲɶӦ
˳һҶҶĸֵأ˵Ҷĸֱʱһ۾ͿӰָϣҶı㿴ǲǱǡ
õҶشΪѾ˹Ҷ褰£ȭպ۵ʹ
̶һǵúȡ
Ҷĸһ򣬾ȵʣģ
̧Ҷ褵ϸ鿴ûŰɣ
ȻûУ̶ֻѡ
ҶӹͲ֮󣬿ﻹʣµҪүȥ
Ҷ褵ͷǰˡ
ȥɣǧ˽ѧ
һߣҶοͲϵĸͷһڣƷζηžȿڣζ治
ԭΪôúȵģû뵽ͷȶ
ҶĸҲһڣӻ˽̵ģ˵ǼұԹӺʹʳʳ
̶ֻоԽо֪Ļˣ뿪ʱš
һҶ褰Ͳһһ͹ȥ漴õ˳ͬؿ佱
̻˵Ǳſˣͷǻȥʱôߡ
ȥ˽ӵʱ˫ֿտգһֱ˽ҶӲ۾һ
ʧ˵զûԵġ
Ҷ褰ҷϣûԷ𣿡
ǳˣҳ԰Ҷӿ˵ұͿ쵽ˡ
˭㱳һ϶ûҶ˵ͳɥˣķţɺóˣϽûˡ
ҶҲذ̶ó
ҶӿϵᣬҾ֪á
˵̻ʵسһţҶ룬Һ÷ûζҪȻ϶ѬӶǡ
̶̾Ŷ˵ǳԱˡ
Ҷ褰ѲʱҶ˽һȦźЦ˵иϢ˽ȥںԺѧȫͨˡ
˷ֱҶĳӡ
ǿɵúѧϰպܿںԺá
Ҷ˵ҲˣʽʼˣҪ֪ɲɣҲҪдһʺܻ˸ÿٵ
Ҷףⲻνľ֣Ȼ׼߿ƾ֮·дɺҪҪдøƵģԼۡ
ϵֽ΢΢ƣҶֽѹסȻһīĥ
дֵʱҪȷҶŽתͣ½ŲվҶ˵˵˵ʲôƲȷġ
ҶԱһıʲɳȥվĿİش𣺡ǡ˫Ҫƽڵϣֱͦ۾۾Ҫעֽš
˵ʵǲ֪ʲô
Ҷֻε£󿪿ڣ˵˫ƽţ˫־ݰѼƽֱͦͷĿעֽϡ
ý߰ѧǸƣһֱ˶ֱͦ米ʱŵͷ̵ձҲнģҪסָʵ飬ִָ˱дֿҪû־дá
ǻؼҺϰԴ
Ҷëʼȵմī֭Ҷڵз桢桢ԷĲͬʷֽдһ֣褡
д˰д꣬±ʺֽϲܳƵǺƽֱһ죬ëģѾµĺ죬ɲ˳֡
ҶǾúܿҶϰģֻСֲȣдֲÿ
ýߵһֽϵ֣дòֻע⣬ʼϵī˹߹٣ҪȻͻһī
ѵģȴӼ򵥵ֻҪƫԲ׶ˣд־ͺ˳ˣҪ˷ѱīһ֦ɳϰ
ҪԺ֪Ҷô˵϶ôӵۣд£ô֦ɳдʵ˹ģȻҶЩũˣͺӽѧѾǺܺˣʡЩǻ¡
Ҷͷٴմīʱ̨ԵѶī֭Ĩֽд˼򵥵֣ʵҲûּ򵥵ȥô
дֹȻǱ֮ǰҪһЩ
һҶ褲ͣжȹˣѧ뿪֮ǰҶرæŴûգ١
ԭ˽Ӹ÷ŴٵģҶûţ˽ļ궼󣬾żڼҲʲô£ѧ㶫
ʰ궫Ҷ褼ųһߣ·Ҷܵѯʵ˵ǼæùҪȻȥǰɡ
Ҷ褰һۣǧŲţһ˵£͵ñһͨ
ҲǡҶ¶Щꡣ
Ҷ褱ȰȻûڣҶȴͻȻܾ񣬡˵ҵسǸ˸ѧֻҪͨĿ飬Ϊͽ
¼˲඼֪ˣλʦԭھָɻʹ֮ص翪˸ݣͽ࣬ҪΪҶȷʵһʣҲɿڡ
ԺҲڣ˵׼Ͻú
Ҷ˵۾͸ˣϷ˵
˷ܵӣҶ룬Ҳʺһ·
л˵
л2022-05-12 19:37:53-2022-05-14 19:54:48ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ
лͶ׵СʹŮһȭ 2½Се 1
лӪҺСʹ𡢰 20ƿĴеǳ 10ƿЦЦ 5ƿԼ 1ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


49 ë
Ӹڼҵʱ, ͵뿪ˣһЩϰߡ
ҶɩǷó·ϱô˵ѲɾνԶ
ҶѾȥݣ˵ʵ, λʦȷʵͽ, ͨ, ˸ʽаʦ
ʦͦãҩĸӸ򰾽ǣϴȥʱʦֽ顣
һ˵, Ҷ̫ɵЦӸȥݾͲ飬ĵʶֵĻ鶼
ɲǡҶɩӦ
Ҷĸľø첲̧ͷһĵ, ԽԽ, ֻߴһСͷĿѣġ
Ҷ̫Եͷ˵ۼļֻҲëˣϴ·ȥͶ֡
沼ʱܿҲµ·ϴ, Ƕľؼ, ·ɹ֧õ¸ϡ
ֻҫ۵ǳǳ·Ʈ, ԶԶȥһְϢ
СֻȴˮεޣҶ̫ż߽Ҳûͣ죬ߴմա
Ҷ̫ϵëŶҶĸ˵ëȷʵ, ҪȻǳ
ɱΪֻ˻, දҲᡣ
ëҲǼ׵, ټϼǶɻֵҲҶ̫ϱ
Ҷ̫ǸʾüӴĸʼëһֱβϵëҲĸɸɾԼʱ֮ԭԲһȦˬ١
ֻɼ˷ֹ֪ɫ㰵ڼëеҶֱ̫ǰӰŷѾôˡ
һȼڵ̨ϣ̣ҪȳԷ£ʣµŪ
ŵһģˣëûꡣ
Ҷֱ̫̾ȻˣֻǸֻëôʱ䡣
ҶĸѼëһӽʣµĻȻ˵ûʣٻˣȥԷٴһȫꡣ
ǰһģҲ֪ΣȥƣҪǲлܲȡҶɩȰ
Ҷ̫Ҳûܾվֽţ֮ǰַԸһȥüﻹǲ
һӦһ
õѾʢڿϣΪ·ӣ滹һӡ
Ҷ̫ƿҲ򵥣һӺͷһԱե˿ܲɡ
ɻ˳ǻ񡣡
úáҶ̫ЦеĿһ䡣
½½ģҶǶŸָصĹ߻ˣҶͷǺһˮʣſʣԷôô
ڼëⷹһģҶ̫һʢһ񣬡ʵڲǸϽ
˵ָԷˡ
ԺֵҶæվ֣þˮϴɾݵʱպÿ̰ʢõλϡ
νͷͷϷһź棬ζ΢𣬿ڸһźǵ㾦֮ʣͷø𼸷֡
ųţҶͻȻóߡ
Ҷ̫ü˵óԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽˣϾ͵ð᣹ϣͷҪհ档
һڸ߳ϾͶðͷˣˮԱߣó죬ķҡ
˵ڶȱ㣬˿ôˡ
ֱǿ극ˣҶĸǲƣĹ
ëѾŽˣʣµĵɡ
Ҷ̫ͷϽ˵ǿԷ
ڸ˶θڴ󿪣ͷͱԵһɶ̲Ҳһûʣ¡
극Ҷϴ˸裬ϴͿﱧһ߽Ҳʣִֻᱡˬ˵᣾ԵʮֺˣҺɫǳɫԻܽܡ
ҶĸϴᣳſǽϣҶ褵ҪӼǵùңҸץһ¡
֪ġҶϴӦȴʱƣۣûд£϶ҹ˯ġ
ΡҶĸҶ褶ͷһڡ
뿪ǰصش͵ƣڻ谵ĻҶڴ룬ִӿͳһɰָĦʯӡ£ӡ°͹ƽ塣
誡
Ҳ֪Ρ
Ҷ褵ǵ˴ʱշŻһ߽·ߵһҿջ
ǽŵĶڴ˯ĵССҲǸģһǴ֪ǹͣæվк˿ЪЪǴ⻹סꣿ
ʵǱΧм硣
صȸһʳȻٿ䡣
ش˳ֱǼһֶҽרΪĻ
Сһ˦׽һˮһһϣȱԵһᡣ
ջķʳȻƲζǼҲ¶ô죬пȺĳԾ㲻ˡ
극үڵٶȴԼܵںء
ٶʵˣ׵ǽϢһ
˶Դ˲顣
ֽСλң鷳ռͰˮ
СˬһЦõ鷳أڷԺƬ̱á
һĸˣֿסͼһסһ䣬ⷿªȴû˵ʲôĻ
ȵСˮ֮ϴһ£ڴϵʱɵ뵽Ҷ褼ӣǾȻ߸
ӣҲнӽûˡ
ǽںںشϺܳһʱ䣬ЩӦǻ᳣ġ
ϵ뷨統һΡ

Ҷ褵ڶϲ֪ͻȻ˸磬ʱҶĸôˣﲻ𣿡
ûвˡҶ°ͣ˼˵Ƕң
ҶĸûЦֲ̧˲ͷ¶ȣûʲô仯ɿüͷҪע⣬ĻһҪ˵
Ҷ褰οͷİɡ
Ҷ褺Ҷȥ˽֮Ҷ̫ǾͿʼë
һëɫףеķƣеȾŻҺɫԵʮְࡣ
ëʮأһ޴֡
ҶͰϴëķ̸Ҷ̫Դë˵Ǽ¡
ֻǺ鷳ϾûйߣֶֻëӣҺü˶ĵģϸϸάɿľǷۣëݽȥΪǷۿЧȥëϵ֬ۡ
ʱëϴɾһ룬Ҫüˮëϴ
ѾͷҵʱҶ̫šˮë̿׼ɹɡ
Ҷ褴п֮ʵһ裬ǾҺܽëֲʣΪû취ҺֻʱԵ
ǼҲմϵֲʲࡣ
ǰѾë״šʵ
Ҷ̫ǵĶʵë߱㽥ͣƳһŷС
һëԼһֻϿõëԼǧˣҲʮôֻƽǶʮӽʮë¡
Ҷ褿㲻٣ëʵͣҲãëԱ֯ë̺Χ׵ȣô


50 ë
Ҷ˼ֱٿ, ֱָͦƬȻһƬĥԲΣֳ߳ͷ״, ʱѾ߳, ֻǱֲ, ֣Ҫĥʯжδĥ
Ҷ϶ߴĥ߶꣬εݸҶ褣ʣ𣿡
, ˡ
봥ֹ⻬ֻҶȥʱܸеЩɬӿóͣʳָһȵĨڰϣ˲ͱ͹ⷢ
ʲôҶ̫ʡ
а롣ҶðȻ, û֯ë, ϸմϿ岽ڵǻǵá
òҪʮ룿ҶΪЩ, 춼û֯Ȼ, Ҷ̫һæӹ, ɣԱ߽ҡ
ȻʮɣҶһ㶼İ룬ԵøӦ֡
Ҷ褵ָ£Ҷ̫ܿɹ, ֻһϲСȦ
ǲͣë±֯, ڻ, Ҷֻһ򵥵ģֻ֯ú룬ȴֲʧ
ֻ֯һë£Ҫһ£Ҷٺë³ʲôҲû취Կ
ûë£ëӻëףС֯Ҳɣû͸֯һ
Ҷ̫ë£ë˵ǱڴӸСЩǲ֪ô
˿ɴӣǼҴҲ鲼ƳɵģһϵʱðѴϵϣ鷳˵ĥš
Ҷ褵ĽͱĥƹרΪ޲Ƴӣźϲ١
ԡҶ褱ȻӵĴСصر˸ԴģＸ˶ܴ
Ҷ̫Ҳûƴǣӽݴϣʱ򻹶ţ˲両ֳ֮ɫȻůͣһ㶼ĥš
Ҷ˵ĻһȻϣëȱôܱ࣬ǽϴҪá
ΪûȾɫëɫÿֻưɫЩ࣬ǴЬģ¶һȱ㲢¡
Ȼëõ˼˵ϲëȻҲ⣬Ƥƺֲ˵ë׾Եø㣬ҾҶ֪ëԱ֯ɰָףǾ͸ˡ
ëȻܱ֯õĶ
Ҷ϶ȼˣֵҶɩ֯˫ӡ
Ҷȴ˵ëڴﶬůͣͲ̫У̫ˡ
Ҷ϶ҡҡͷֻܴͬҲǺܺõģ˭ӰǴЩֱӹŴЬ
ҲǣʵڲרŷƼ˫޲ӣߺøãһ㿴ëʵǸ
Ҷ뵽ͻȻ˵ڵı߳ǼҼһǵط϶ǲȱëģⷨӵǿԸһ֯ëƷȥ
׻˵úãеǾ߶ġ
磬ѧſڿһɫۣڶ΢Ц
þò
Ҷȣôˣ
⻰һ˵ܸоﲻԣæĿڵҵ˼ʲô𣿡
Խ˵ԽԾˣҶ褾ر졣
˼ǰļ磬Ц˵һʱһںںء
Ҷ־ߣ컹㡣
߽Ȳغ̣˭ˡ
Ҷ̫ƿڿ֮۾һкˣЪЪ
类Ҷ褰ڵϣһŵǿʣʲôô㣿
ҶϸᣬŻش𣺡̸⣬ŵ̵ζ
̣ɻôһζ
Ҷ̫Ļ󣬡ǰյİζûɢ꣬ټϹŵİݰ
˵ͨˣܿµʣ̸Ǻ
Сڱ߳ǳ󣬲ûȹ̣Ҳ뾡а취ëζȥϣñ߳ıͷԣһЩȻȴһֱûЧɸζɲá
Ҷص˵һ㳢֪ˡ
̸̺ҲǿԺĳʳ
˵⻰룬ңȥֱ̹ͼһֱߡ
һڵ̡
һڣζŨһھһޣ̵ζʮֺأһ㣬βһζⲢӰζг
ôҶһ˫è
úȣº󣬳˼Σǿȥζİ취
ʾ䣬ȴǿ϶
Ҷ褲û⣬óëë׷ǰ
ëģҼǵþ߳ǼҼһǰɡ
֮ȻԶ
ٴ˼ϲͣĦë࣬һ˼ӡ
ҶָָԼӣ˵ȥﴩԿߴӦû
á
ӦһȻӽݻϣմЬһվ͸оѾְסĽţʣͨӱ˫ë׺˿ûɿĵط
촩Щ⣬ûʲôë
˼۾ϵë׵ʱֳָͷ羸߳ôЩɱ⣬;
̿ģëԱ֯
ôõ¸û뵽ķʽǰ
ҶĸѾһ̸˳ǲؼһ𣬿žͼΪˡ
ſдڵȺţһ̸Χѡ˶һݡ
Ǯʱʮۣһ̸õ͹˲Ǯˣ۶̸⡣
濴һᣬҶ褽ֺתȥ
ҲԼ̸ӣѾȥˣпڸպüʵ㣬ԡ
̸ζٹ׸ͼһ˳Ե޲ڡ
ʱҶ̫ѯסĵط
¿ӻش𣺡ģιһס
֣ң游ǰǳжƷԱȻôЩϢĶӲŹں
ҲΪĸأǰ£Т
Ҷ֪˭˶ٶ˵ʲô
ʱ򱾾Ͳ磬극֮͵뿪ˡ
Ҷǵڣ΢аʯӡóϡ
ţԭҿǺúð㱣ء
սӡ£һֻҶ褵ͷǾллˡ
֮ǰ뵽ʲôͣ½Ųʣöʯ˵ˣ
Ҷʻҡҡͷش̶ôһʱȥպõĵ̴ʦء
ǲʯңҵӡµĴʦѾص߳ǣͷٸ͹
翴Ҷϵԥ͵ҵδʦжӺòôһʯ̣ҲԸġ
Ҷ褸о˵ӦʵԼǿʯҲ
ֿҶ𣿡
һְɡ
ߣ֮Ҳ
ҶĿԶȥȵӰʱţ
תؼң͵±֯ëµҶ̫̣˽Ӳѧȥһسҵ
øһëźá
Ҷ̫ͷȥɣɺӸҲշż٣һؼҡ
ݹ涨ÿп죬ȻǵǸž۵ӡ
û⣡Ҷ뵽磬һûġ
̣ô֯ˣ˵
Ҷ̫֣ͣͷοԱ֪ˣУҲ֯ˣ˵
ȥϴɡ
˯֮ǰҶĸպõİĴѬһ飬Դǲ䷳
ճǻûѬӣҹһ棬ҺûģҲǰһ
Ҷʵͦ޹ǶģԴ¡
ɲǣҲ£ôЩҲһν˳棬ֻҪÿѬһ飬Щ߳ҲԸɢζط
ҸƵңǵÿ춼ϣҲóġ
ҶԹԹԵͷһҹΡ
ڶһҶ϶ͼ¿Ҷȥسǣ¿ɱõļѼ죬иְײ˶زˡ
ڵﲼöҶҶ褽æǰôˣ
Ҷ褰ں뷨һһʮһ⣬ҼвϣպϣҼұϾҴҵ췽ӵˣҼұֵܵһ
Ҫе֪߳ǻڱסĳУ䶼ڵسɼңҲγصķΧ
ҵʵ䣬ÿ͹ľѶȱģŰ֪ÿ¶Ҫ϶ٴ̣Щ֧⿿ѿ϶ǲ඼ҪҽԼ취
ܺӦܸƵؾ١
Ҷ뵽ٲѪıԿʲ˰ɡ
Ҷû뵽ӾȻôԶ˼ΣϿڣȽҺú롣
á
ⲢǼС£Ҷ϶Ҫúÿǵġ


51 ˿
ΪҶ, ͰҶڵкˣȻС˻ġ
гĿ˿̨վŸ۵Сһ, Ц, Ҷ˵ҺӣܰǮ, Ǵӱ
ҶȰͷǫ⺢һϵľ츳
һǱӯţ׼õ±ζѾȫգֻʣЩ߽, ҶֱӰЩ££Žһ˵ϵһ˳ԡ
ΪҶɽҵµϣ˵ʲݡݹ֮ģõ±ϸ֮ǰѾر, Ҳ±ζζζ֡
Ҷڿһֻ±צ, ζִСʳһֱͣ졣
ǵ±һԭΪ첻ȶú, û뵽, ԽȾԽࡣ
ҶԴЩ, ±ζƫƫôñȵ϶찡
֪иʽ棬أԽԽԱ⣬ԽȵԽԻ, , ˵Ǽҵ±ζǿθ, ľ±ζܿܽһ뷹ȥ
ҶϲǼ±ļӣܽʵһҧȥǳˬ
Ҷ״ļﲦ˲ȴ˵ⶫ̫ˣ㻹ٳԵá
Ҿͳһ١Ҷ˵ͻȻִСԡ
̣СϺ桭
͵͵ǣһҪЩСԸ̳
һٷ꣬ҶǣһҪȥӺӸؼ𣿡
Ҷ褵ͷǵģȥݡ
ã·עⰲȫҶ䣬͵뿪
뿪֮Ҷϴռ·ߴҶߵһլſڣſʯʨӣһϾ
Ҷ̧ͷһϵҿż-¡ݡ
ǰţʱ˽Ŵ򿪣֪˰Ҷʦܽյѵûɣ鷳ԺƬ̡
Ҷ߽լԺֻڲռ伫լӣԺտֻ÷׮ľ׮ǽǻЩɳ
ʱеԺľ׮ľͷײҶŶۡ
·˰ݣŶһϡ
û˵ʱҶϴ˿СҶ˵ɣҶ˵
ҶĸܣװҪõɫԭľɫԵʮָӲ࣬˿˾˵
Ҳ֪˵ʲô󲮷ġ
˶ѧࡣ
Ȼ⻰һҶϴֱͦ壬ϲ϶Ǽģʦɵúúý̵ֱӴƣǧ
ҶӴʦ֪˸Ѷûü߸˵ܹ˵һ
ôô˵ҡ
ҶվúôһѾһûĶ磬һۣҶԺֵ︡뷨糤߲١
ҶϴǺܴͳĸףӵĻȻ飬ӻʼתƻ⣬ѵݿʦĻ
ˣһȥʰǾߡҶӲȻظ˵ҵȻʦĻҿʦĵͽܡ
ҶʦյһͽܣͬʱҲСͽܣ״ǰݹأպҪΪʦТģͷЩͨͽܾ͹ѧѧѧҲû˹ġ
˵⻰۾һӡ
ĶһɺζҶϴӣʱѬһ飬æְѱסڣ㻹Ͻȥϴ軻·һζҲܡ
ҶԾ첲ţһ޹ζôûŵ
δ𻰵ľͲҶϴˣǸ·ʦ֣һ̵²ۣϴ裬˯Ѭһ
⡣ҶԴЦȥϴ衣
ͱ΢һᣬϻ
ûҶϴ˵ȥ˺Ժ᷿Ǳʱʱ̿ҩԡš
ʦεҡҡͷѵķϣҲɵţԼġ
ɵǳɫĵģÿǶһ𻨣ʮ־ºÿ
ǹ𻨸⡣
Ҷ褱Ӹ޵ˣͰβһĹ˲ӯǻҪ˵һȱ㣬ǾǳԶҭûţֻҪһ裬ͻỺܶࡣ
ʵӦϲԣһڸڲ裬ȳһҲĥһʱ䡣
˵ʵҶûİһķֳڳֻ꣬һӲɾ֣ǶȲ衣
ȻҶϴҲԲôϸµĵģ飬Ҳ֪ûгζ
ʱҶѾҼҴҵسˣ֮ǰʣµһ𻨸
¿ͱҭֱۣҶμˣֱװ̶Ͳݹȥ
ҶӺ˰Ͱ̶ŰѶɤ𻨸˳ȥлл
Ҹ˵ݳķûĺóأΨһֺø㣬𻨸̶ζܺáҭûš
ȥɵúúóһ١Ҷ˵ϸϵ¿һ飬ҿ׳ʵ˲١
˵ԭ֣ϾѾ⣬ȻͱԭˮһЩ̺ǱǰҪöࡣ
ɲǣҶӵ˵Ѹ첲쵽Ҷǰʾһ󣬡ڿоˡ
Ҷûƴǣĸ첲Ȼм⣬Ӳĸ󲻶
ʦ˵书Ͳܰ;ϣЩˣѾõĴʱֲֻܾ
Ҷ˵⻰ʱЩź˼Ҳۣǳʵ
Ҳû취ϾǼѵʱ򣬱ճΪ˱סҵ׶Ͷ˽ȥ
Ѿܺˣϲ¡
Ҷ褿ҶĹ⣬һǵâ㽺ڴ
գգ۾Ӧһ䣬ǰͺܺˡ
ܿͻصҶҴ壬ҶȻҶ褣Ҳ¿ϱ
ڴĥ̴ĥӵĴһкӸˣô
϶ǲʦʦֶҺܺáҶӺԺ
ǾͺáֺǺǵľȷ硣
ߵʱ򣬲ʱк඼ǶҶӵģǴһȥݵĺӣȻ档
·Ҷ͵͵Ҷ褶˵ȥȫɡ
˵Ҫ˵סʲôõĵطǾû취Сһˣ
Ҷ褵ĻˮҪȥ˽𣿡
Ҷӵ˲һᣬ˵Ǿ͵ѧ
⻹ࡣ
ѾƻҪȥĶ档
תͿҶ̫ҶɩȺſڣҶɩ˵զô߿㰡
̣һˣ
Ҷ˹һסһ˵˵̣۽ʲôǿɲ֪ҿۼҵķˡ
Ҷ̫ЦüۣԼ˿档
סҶ褣Ȼӽݡ
ˮãֻҪõһ¾ͳɡ
Ҷ̫˵Ͷ뼦˿ߴǿԣǶˣרŸġ
ֻôĴִ΢ƵƽԵĴ治һεƫϸ·һо飬⻹ɫĻƹ˿ɫĺܲ˿Ͱɫļ˿ɫʮַḻʳָ󶯡
ʳϻһҺɫĴ󶹽
Ҷ¿ˮÿӽ˺ʹ󶹽ȣżһӷŽ
һܳ㣬ƹ˿ͺܲ˿𣬼˿ͣд󶹽磬ζһ𣬻Уһ뼦˿Եζ
棬˼ģȵһʵǼθֻͷ档
ԵҶŶ˵ȻǼķóԣ

ҶԺߴϸͷͷԺβۣڴϴһᡣ
ѹ֮ߴǷߣʰҶĸȵʣôô磬ûʱء
ͻȻˡ۾ش
ҶĸҲûʣ·ȥУȥϴһԷ

ҶӦһȻˢߵǰԺչȥͷҶǽʱʱ䣬СΧתȦղľҶӷĶ
ڸ
ѵʦ˵ѵǾԲͣġ
Ҳ֪˶õҶ褿ʱͷȫǺϵ·ҲѾʪ͸ˡ
ɺܱ׼Ҷջרˢκһֵ˶ֵصġ
ҶϴС׺С׿Ҷѵ
Сֺæҡβܹ˷ܵزҶ褵ȡ
С׵ͷߣȥ緹
ȵңһ𡣡
Ҷ˵ֱߵߣҨˮͱҶɩֹˣˮˮϴɣˮ岻á
Ҷӵͷקëܡ
뿪ҶɩҶĸп̶һ£⺢ӱ仯󡣡
ɲǣʦ/һ֡
緹ζҶ褳Թ֮󣬱ҺҶһ˽ߣ·Ҷ˨Ҷԡ
ҶԿæչʣӸǲǻˣ̫ˡ
ˣѧһȥ档ҶЦеػش
ǸáҶ˨ҲϲЦտҸ˵Ұˣÿժ˳ԣܴҰҰء
ڲ⣬ҪײҲ
Ҷ̵ǡټաҶҵҶգڵڶʮλ
Լֲ֮Ŀʼһգڵʮһλ
ѧϰټաʶϵÿһ֣Ҫ˽ÿϵȫò䱳Ĺʷ
ҶϽÿϱ£ѧǶĻ˽⡣
Ծͳգʼ츸ӵΪսȨսʱڽԹΪԹعӵܱɢ䡣
ְԿطƵȡ
һǳĽ⣬Ҷ褾Щԡ
ֱҶ˵ˣͽǻȥǵðѽѧĺ
γѡ
ʱſͻȻ̽һҶӹ￴Ҷš
ʲôӣֱӽ
ҶԴԹԽһҶȻ˵ܵܵġ
ҶˮµͷԼĶʩʩȻ뿪
Ҷô£һ¡ߺҶ͵ɿȻһֻסҶԵļһҶ褵ĸ첲˳˵죬컹ţǸϽȥ
Ҷ褿˷ܵӲЦЦ˳ߡ
ͷõʱ֦ҶïѲ֪Ļ
иҰŶˣˣӣȲˣƹ㣬ާˡ
Ҷϲƹ㣬ҰԶԴζֻлƹҶŻƹ϶е㣬ڻǳųųԣǼζġ
Ұ⣬һҰҲر˼˼壬Ƶһ㱡£±͸Ĺʵ壬ûʱɫģֻҪǩڹٴСһףӿѹʵ⼷ܵõһпյĹƤ
ĹƤ߿ָܴ˴˴Сһ㡣
ӾƽнȹҶ֮شӼ뿪֮ǰҶ̫صװЩʣȥʦֵǷųԡ
л˵
׽˸


52 
ľǼ, һҵſϳһӣҺ峿̫û¶, ߵ¶, , ŶӵȵòУˮǶͷϵ䣬ڵҳһɫĿӡ
дط̣ⳡɻ, ɳʵҵѲʲô
ڶβһүʻȷ磬ػӦǺܾûˣҵҴ󽫾ģͷǸëƷ, ɱ˵, ëӺë¿ôʵȻȴϻЩ, ٹ¾ʡ
ŸƵ, Ĭ, ʣ棿
ɲǣʹʵۺͻʺ󶼴ˣ⻹м٣ҹүҲǲүǰָָǸûǵߵĳ档
ʵʱλѾ˰˷, Ͼлʵۻʺ, ҽĴ˭˲֪긴һر߽, һһδܡ
ĽŲͲͣλүҲ֪˶ãֵǽꡣ
սͱվڵһһˤҺñƸסˣλ˱£ֻǸľͷļˡ
վ֮󶨾һȷȷʵǸᶯļˣ֮¾ͿʼԹզŸſڣˡ
ǸȻ˵Ǽϴľǵë֯Ʒ
⻰һ̹˲æȥϸ鿴ëǵģպÿԱסȥ֮ǰ£תͷѯʵǷ֣
ԵģԱ㡣
˵˵һߣɵѡ
Ħë£ϸʵָһԺȣ񣬵ȴůͣǸ
ֶקקëӣȻǵԼѣëӺëףǳ⡣
ɫе࣬Һ죬ƣذ׼֣ǼƯɫʣǿԴģŮСǿԴҺƵģǲϲɫʣҲѡذɫ
վʵЩë֯Ʒɷ򣿡
ԵģǻٱһЩ
λԴѹǱ߷ɳ󣬶ڱůиߵҪЩë֯Ʒպþͺܺʡ
뿪̵ʱЦݣĽӦ⡣
̶̼ʱ䣬ë֯ƷѹҶڵƫƧĺںسǶ̴ë֯Ʒ
ҶҲû뵽ǼҸҽ̸⾹Ȼôͳ߳ΣȴҼҳģͳ˸ӣռëһ档
⻰˵ͱˡ
ǧô룬ķӣҵҲ뵽ëȻԱ֯㱣ůǸ澸߳ǵıҾлŶԡ
˵ĳ⣬񾸱߳ǿǴɸ봫żпԵ֪ԴӰѱ֯ķӽ̸֮󣬳ǳģһûëϵİëŮڼҹ֯֯õë֯ƷǮͳһĸȻǼȥ
ǮһƱ͵Ҷңһǳ䵱ѣ󻺽˾߳ǵѹٱһٷܳһ⡣
ӿǼЩĶǽе̣ë֯ƷĿڱһ㷢ɵ㵽棬ѹ
⻰һҶ褹Ŀ࿴˵ӵľ裬ɲɵ㵽棿ִҲǸɶõ˲š
Ҷë֯ë̺ȾϣȾȾɲͬɫҲǸѡ񣬳뻨⣬ֻҪԱ룬֯
ȷʵˣҵ˵߳Ѿɵĸ˱֯һƺ«һо͵õ฻˼ҵϾ«г»ʵǸԢ⡣
ʱ˽ţҶ褶ֻҲǱУ޵̬ȡ
ʱҶĸţȻŹ˽
ԸЪһᡣ
ɫľ߰˸ӣҰӣǰζƫɬ̫ˣҶ褲Ǻϲԣֻ£иָˮأٲϲҲֻӲͷƤԡ
ӸһʮζȻѹζ
ҶĸЦе˵Σյصض˼մ죬ǲǱ֮ǰҪϼ֣
Ҷ¹⣬ͷҪóһЩ
ҰȻɬζ⸻ˮ֣һҧͱ֭ˮһ춼úˮ
ڳֹӣȴ֦ϣ֦еģֻֻϷ߸Բνһ쳾Ц֪֦ѹûֻ֣ﻳһζ
߿йӣһͰ߰˸ȫˣҶĸٽӵʱ򣬱㾪еҵүôˣĻеطװ
Ǽ⣬Ҷ褶һۣ˼˵֪͡ȫˡ
ˣǸϽȥߣʳҶĸҲû˵ǣֻǰϳš
ҶĻ߳ȥŸɸɾԺӣɸпڵӸǰֱر𡣡
ԭµ־ʵһ롣
ܻԽԽáº͵˵
Ҷû˵ֻ̧ȥԺֵļù紫ɳɳ˰ȻҼ俴ԲεĹʵ
ǿӣ
Ҳ̧ͷȥεͷ϶û
ûҶ˵˵ԱǿҲ˹ӡ
ձƻ
Ҷͷʱµģʮûӣ˶˵ǲǱ̸ˣǮȴǲ
Ǹ˼ǹ
Ҷ褵֪⼸Ϊβ̫ˣʹﲻӺƻ¶ȣҲ֪ǲΪѾϰߵ¶ȣԲų˹ӡ
ҶҵĹӵϢ̴壬Ǽҿϡ˵Ҷͷ̵ĵļˣǿϽĹӺҶͷǸ
ҶͷЦüۣվ߸пʮˣܳϵһӡ
ɲǣҶ̫Ժ֯ë£ϱ֯ĶЩҶ褿壬߽֯Ҷ̣ǲ֪ÿ˵үү˵үүԼһᣬü
ͷ˶˵ǵĸ꣬ҿҲȷʵǡ
ҶͷرˣԴȥ걦֮󣬼һʤһꡣ
֪ҽЭ飬ëӦǲֻͣûôעѣԼȥʧԼ
ʱҶɩ廰ɲǼҵĸ꣬ĻúãҼһҿǮ١
ҲȷʵѾԶԶԶسǵĸ˼򶹸Ĳ۶ǶƤͶܳñĶƷΪƤɵҶ褲ûн̳ȥҶÿնЩϲٵǮ
ҶҴĺǲȢһвٶ˳ףҲҴʱױ档
ΪڽµʱһӵҶ򶹸ӣҶҲûҪΪǣӱ㵱ʾһ
ԴѧҼŮ첻͵ĥӣĶǲȥسǣسǸԶĴ۸񶨵ԵͣÿյֵǮȴԸ
ɺʯͷȴǳڼֺУû̫ߥޣûгȡ


53 ӹͷ
֪Ӿͬˮһɿ, ֱĳһҶʱе˿˿⣬֣±ʴӴȥ, ֻ֦˶, Ҷ, ʶԭֵ˰
첻ֻջļڣȴ뵽˰ۣڲ޴ս£Գ͢Ǯ, Դ󲿷˵Ǯ͵ĳġ
Ҷ֪͢˰õñ˰ʲѶȾż˰ʲ, ˰ʱɹٸͳһ, ʱһڴƽͲǮڲ档
ҶȻͽ˰˼Ҳû̫, ʮ֮ǰ˰ɸٸ, 徹ĳޡ
˰춼Ǵ, ̫ĵĻԼĹԣׯȴûǴů⣬ոׯڵҶɵ
ƺһһ䣬ҼǵǰЩʱ򻹲ô£͵ô, ҪȻܲס
ʱȫװ, ͷһ׺ʵů͵ëë, ͷñŲëЬϻŸָס
˷ȥͿԿոׯڵũ͡
ҶĸšˮҸӺһˮһھˮ˳ŷðǰ뵳̡
ֺֺܱãˮƲó㣬ȴҲأŵճӦǲ
һԼҶ̫ϲ̵˵ɲǣеİ׸Ͼ߰˸ףģžϲһһꤵͺ궼Ҫϲ٣˵СˣƸã࣬ѻž֪ߡ
õׯ֣ճǲǸá
ʵҶҴ壬궼Ƿ˳϶ӯյϲá
Ҳ֪ǲΪ֪ˣǸհʳսؽû죬ҶҴӭԲͬط̡
Ҷ褼һյ̣Ǽһÿ궼ʳ
ҶصؽһҰ裬ֱ⣬ѯʵۼΣ
Է²룬Σش𣺡һġ
һԼ
˻۸Ҷɵõһŵ˵֮ȥһҲģôֱӷһࡣ
ʱ̾ϷԶϢûϷˮĵط֣ͻ꣬˰£ˮϲˮҲסˢҹҹŸ
˵һĴȣԭܾȣٳһ磬ܻЩջ񣬲ڿգͰ֮ǰ˻֣Ҷֵ㲻Ϸǲ֪յģһֻֻȳſׯϿʳǿеĲˮũѪⰡ
ⷬҶȫסˣҶҲ⣬˼ͻȻﲻԣֲͨڱɺ֮׻˵֮л֣Ϸˮϵʪʺϻȳ深ܰ
̶Դ˱ʾ˵ֻ˵ǻ֣ܲǻȳ棬ĳŰɡ
ȻʵǿɻҪˮˮϷյģÿǿյģ࣬ҪĻɵþ졣
ÿ൱ִĺӱһǱ߿ˮֵߣЩջ
ڰȻ󣬵ûǼҳԲĳ̶ȣټҶȥһȦ׼۸ϣ̵ļ۸͵ģʮף׼ڼԣڵļ۸ʮױǮ
ȻǲȱЩǮҶ̫Ǯʱ۵òС
ֱҶǸ¿װʱ򣬿Ű׻Ĵ׷Žؽϲ¶ЩЦ⡣
һʴ⣬⳩죬͸Ϣ곯͢Ҫո˰ҶֵǼ׼
⻰ҶüЩƵʣǰŸչôʱһˣ
˭ֻ֪Ƕ̶̰ϷأǱ߲˵ǿգȴҲ֮ԶˮߣҲ˶࣬ǼҼһƵ̣һ飬ʲôȫСǵÿ֣͢
̵֮⣬Ҷ˶
͢ĶʳأгȻܵеҲ֪ж١
Ҷͷź̾һү
Щսһ̿ڰοϷӶ࣬ûʳˣժЩҰҰˣôҲܻץˮ㣬Ұáοļûдʡŵԣ㹻꿪
Ӿͺùöࡣ
⵹ҲǣֲǱɺһɫֲﶼûУԶĲ˵˵´ҺҴӺϿѹǴθɺǼصģظѣܳԵĶ߰˳ûŹ˶Ǳġ
Ϸô˵ǴҪá
ԭҶ׼Ѽʳȥһ֣Ͼջ̫࣬ǼҳԲ꣬Դӵ֪ϷֵϢǾЪ˼ԲţͺƬɹɸɣɺۣܱܾá
Ҷصȥһ˴峤ң˵߸峤ĩˣ˵Ȼ͢пҪ˰ǵʳţһ˰ߣʳ֡
峤ϼһ£˵ûͷǸˣټ˵üϡ
ͷ˶ǻʶմӴ峤֪Ϸ֣
ʣ߲Ҳϸɺɣ
ⲻܹɣʳգһǲ챣ӣ׼ʱһء
˶ʮǰϿǴκ֣
˻ʳɵˣ˲ˡ
ǾԽ˵Խס
Ǵ峤ǵ죬ˣôԶӰ첻ֻǸ˵һʱ͢ո˰Ϳģע˵
峤ڴǼģһĻͷ׷׵ͷʾԼ֪ˡ
Ҷ褴źʵСҶĸߣһĲɵӣһСľͱϵʯͷһ£ˤڵء
ҺҶĸס֣קסˡ
ʲôҿһ·϶ġ
ҶԻعüش𣺡Ϸĵʲô֣ܲǻȳɡ
Ҫ˵ţȳ෢ڱɺûͻȻϷ
ҶĸҲȷʵףһô벻ͨľͲˣպܵõ𰸡
˵ô࣬Ȼͷ͢ȥ쿴֪ԭˡ
ҶĻʱŽٶ룬ǼҽæҲûʱɻȥ
æʲôֻ˵Щϸ¡
ժӣǰԺĿժӺװӸͷ䲻󣬵žһ㣬̲ס
ȻԵŷӵζԶɢζֿ࣬ÿﻹѣҶӶֱҡͷ˵ǳԲȥ
ҶҲòóԣһֲ˷ѣȫӹͷȻ˵
ҲǼ򵥣ֻҪƤȻÿһϵİɫ糶ٰһСףȡ䵹ϰǺ׿һڻ
ϲĿԶЩǣζһ㡣
ǸȻ䣬԰õ涳һȫģʱҪմɹ޸ϴɣһˮ¡
ܷմɹӺԱܾãǲ޺ü궼ỵմɹ޵ĻűһҲûġ
һֻ˶ʮӹͷ࣬Ҷ̫Ǵ˼޸˳ʣûݵҶ¿ϲˣһ˾ͳһޡ
ζʵдᣬɬζҲúܵ
ҶڳŸõӹͷʱȴͻȻԽǰһ£СʱʱΪֻҩˣܳһӹͷ۵ζʼԺòɢֳԵζ˵㲻һѭ
úóԣһһȻδǵĲԴѾ뵽Ҫôһԡ
Ҷ̫ǻϲӣû򿪵ӹͷϧսؽʱÿ쿪һ޸졣
֮⣬յζǲѳԣҪֱӷװеݵþС
йʰ꣬Ҷ̫ͣؽ϶ϱǿʼը黨͵ǼмҵףҶ̫ǲġ
Ҷʱ˸⣬Щọ̃ô黨д᲻ͣ졣
ǻˣ´󽴣ӡ
ȫ˶ΪæµţΪһӶһȻȴҲǿֵġ
Ҳûţǰι֮ȽʡĻ
ҶżȵļӼѼ߳ʱͻȻеǰһ̧ͷһֻ׷ѩӿȻ£Ʈݡ
ѩˡ
վſڵҶĸָһڰҶļù
ȥɣԡ
ʱݵĻյůģҶ̫һë߱֯ëë㣬ǵĽȣܰ׸֯ꡣ
ŽҶͨ죬æֵͷ
Ⱥĵطǿͷ¶Ⱦûôߣһ£ĬϳڿͷСڿҡ
Ҷ̫ȴǸҶŲ˸ͷλó
ҶҲûƴǣȥ֮ʱ̾ůĻ𿻽ɢ˹
ѩˣ
ǰͦģҲ֪µʲôʱ򡣡
Ҷ̫ⷬԻɿ˵Һëë㣬㿴ڿûȴҲ䣬ȫůڵġ
ڼ˶׿Դë¿㣬ȹӵŮǶ⣬Ϊ±ȹﻹӣë㣬һ㶼Եӷס
Ҷϵɫë£ֱ֯ģܲ͸磬ֻҪͿ׶һһ߶ĸİ
̴̣ɫǷѩӣҶ̫ɫǵǺ䣬Ǽǵ˯ʱһˮҡ
˷׷Ӧһ
ʵҲϣҹȷʵ䣬ȿҶ褱㱧ˮҽ硣
Ȼ˯һȴͻȻ˸飬ˣҲ֪ʲôʱʼŵĿֻʣһ¶ȣҿ߻ð̡
Ȼֹһ˱ˣӽҲ˶˵͵ƣڴ·
һûҶСҶĸƿ˽͵Ʒϣٵ˵Ҳ֪ô£ţȥ
˵⻰ҪȥҶĸæܹȥţֻʵ·Ҷɩվſڡ
ãۼ̴Ѷˣɫ̫̰ͣɣһҾȥ̴ˡ
ʲôģҶĸڰ֣պҽ˯һÿͷϻЩ¶ȣҲǺ䡣
ΪҶϴҶسǣԼҶ϶һ׳ӣһ굽ͷĵǶ鷳֡
УȻȥˣȥ˵һء
Ҷɩ˵⻰ʱӣͷһƬƬİɫ۽ë϶ѩ
Ҷĸ˴óһֽɡݸɡȥɡ
ҾͲˡҶɩˬؽӹſɡڰ֣Ϣɡ
ҶĸĿ뿪Ȼȥˮˮһ⣬ֵˮҶŽҶ褵ı
ʹ·պ˯һޡ
Ҷ褵ͷ˸λãĸϸӣټˮҵļӳ֣°ҹҲܰѱů


54 
ڶһ, ҶʱֻоڱԽԽͣ˿, ǽ·Žůů, ȸ¶Ȳ, ڱѵش·
ƿ;ˣѩѾСôˣûͣϵʱܸо˿˿ʹ, ɴ˿ɼⳡѩ֮
׷µѩͺһһ㣬ϸϸܵģ̧ͷȥһƲʶ谵
ҶԴ, ڷѩгſɡȥ, һ˶ǶҶ̫ˣæõͷó
ȴպϳԵ, ѩ̴֮ͣ, ٸóԵġ
ͷ, ζһ㣬ʤζŨҶҧʽβŵڵ۵, ʮ㡣
û뵽ǳ緹ѩȴԽԽ, Ҷͷüͷ, ֹһְ̧ѺˣҶ϶˵ˣٵҪˣȥ̴ֻѶˡ
̴Ѷ˺˵ʵǿˣ鷳Ҫѿһһڲҵĵط˳ͨ
Ҷ϶һԴͷͱȥˣкһȥС
ҶҲʮˣ˻϶˿
Ҷɩ͵ǰãһȥٳʲô¾Ͳˡ
Ȱˣһ𡣡Ҷͷİ壬ʱ䲻ˣھȥ
Ҷ϶ӦһǻݻϾ·ִӲóһҶʯͷβˣǴӲ񷿳ʱͿҶͷѾӼǽϣֻȥ
ͺһӣȥʯͷͱһͱ̴ѡ
ŻûҶͷػҶ϶ӣʮֽýݣϵݶ̴֮Ա濴˿ڣʲô
˳̵ȥȻβ˵ʯͷ̴ܲϵĶ
ʱҶɩҲûţ˾·ſڻ¯ǰɨѵණͳ
Ĵ඼ЩҺɫ飬ţͻȻͳ˸ȥȸҲ̴֪˶ã̻ҡ
Ҷ̫˫ֺʮ˾Сĵӽ⡣
ҵǣԤûз̴Ѷǿǰ̴ͱ˳ջʱ򣬿ҲðˣҶ˷׷˿
Ҷ̫ϱһжǣײˣľŹǣôģϰһٷʢ緹
µĴ΢е̣ǼҿζأһĴ󽴾ȻԵø죬޵Ľֻʣ¸ס
Ҷ̫п¿Զµˡ
󽴵;㣬պ˵ʱãʱãʱҲã߼ֱܵģÿ˶ܼӵ㽴ȥ
ҶҲζûƹպŽԣһܳȥ
ԷԵһҶסĴ˸Ƿû˯ãһҹ½Σʱȴʲô벻ˣֻǵķѩ
Ҷĸˣ극˯һᡣ
˯⣬ͻȻƵ
ʱѩѾϥôˣҶԺõһܹȥŴ򿪣ȵط⾹Ȼ塣
£üëȫѩűòУɫࡣ
Ҷæӭ̣ҵˡ
⺰һ̰֯ëµҶ̫ˣ첽߳ȴǱӣ㾪һҵүզʱˣôѩ
Ͻůů
Ҷ̫˸ϽӣȻԸϱȥ棬ܳԿȺġ
ҶڻϺһڹ̵ˮʱֻ̾оȫ»˹
Ÿ˽ԭ
ûвϣ±ζˣټѩԽԽ󣬸ûԸţԾͰѵŹˣý۴ҲⳡѩسǣǾͽһˡ
˵ҶЦһ˭֪ѩԽԽ·㵢һ磡
ͻ˰ɣҶ̫Ҳû˵ʲôֻߴӻݻˬ·
Ҷһںȸˮݺǻϸɾů͵·ůˣֵҶ￴һۣ˯죬ûţֻҴҴǡ
֮Ҷĸ˵سŸϢ˵ǻʵѾʥּҪ˰ƵѩһͣǴ͸˰ˡ
Ҷĸüʵն٣
֪Ӧǲᳬ˰ա
˰ǲһĶز٣ͳһֻһ׵˰
Ҷĸ㣬˿ÿĶһۼһܳܵ
Һüʳûȥ
ҶԱ㰲οܲ͢ǹȥ
˵Щ˽ܻһֱҶ˵Ѿ˵ʱǲס졣
Ҷ￴Ҷӣ£˵ѩ̫ʱˣʦڼһʱ䣬ֻǧճ
ҶӵͷӦлл壬֪ˡ
ϡһ棬Ҷݵͷ˯һֱ˯ڡ
һ۾ͿҶſڴͷ
ˣҶ褱˵˯һ磡
ҶֱҶ褵ͷڼ˯
ڼûĻ
Ҷ褹ԹԵػش𣺡Уһˡ
⻰ҶЦǵ⼸òã
ðҶ͵صͷ

ⳡѩмͣһΣȻûҶӦˡ
ҶǶȲ׷׳ŲѩѩĺѾˣѩŵ㣬ٹŶһƿݶϵĻѩпܻѷӸѹ
ȻǼѵõש߷ɲСƻѩҲû¡
һһѩӵݺԺԱߣҶֵܸһ磬ǿԺѩ꣬žǳţðԼǰҲһ
ǲһ룬˴Ҳȫװĳѩͣ΢䣬˵ⳡѩµʲôʱ
û߰Ķëѩ
ɻûʱءҲ֪ǻ䵽ʲô̶ȡ
ɲǣҪǽҼëë㣬治һѩҽǴˣëëļǮһ㶼˶𡣡
ǰ
ëë㣬ҶֵܲɵöһۣǼûڴĻͷǼ£ҽŰɣϾǼȨƣڸ˼ҿһָֻͷ
Ҳɻڴ˵Ŭ£ܿͲһССŴÿһ˼ңȷԼţ츣ھӡ
Ҷؼ֮һڵĺ潪裬һº׷֣Ϳרŵ͸࣬ѩҪǲע⣬ⲡΣһÿ궬춼׸
͸лͷˣǰʱ࣬񲻹ʮ·ݣ
֣ϱ±꣬г֣ôʱѩ
Ҷ̫⻰ҶһͻȻֲԤС
ȻûԤе˼ͱżæܽҶӸˡ
̣ۼҼѼòУϽȥơ
ӴҶ̫һĴȣ㲻˵Ҷۼҵˡ
˵æ¿ɡûãҴҵؾԺϡ
Ҷ褹ȥһȻҶ˵ѼＷһɪɪȻȴһ⣬ǾǼΨһһֻ죬ȵվڲݵϣɫëԵ񿥼ˡ
Ҷ̫Щҵ˵ýӹʱͷ˺һ࣬ټѲݣܵ絲ѩ
Һõھûӣӹ
Ҷ룬Ҫֻ¹͹Ѽĸǿ׳һֻʣµĶˣů
⵹Ǹ⣬Ҷ̫ܿͬˡ
žĴ죬Ц˵Ǽҹǵÿ죬һ㶼䡣
Ҳ˭ģҶʮԺͦš
⻰Ҷ̫ͷǣǾúá
ʮֻѼȫˣǾʮ׳ۣ౻ͳ֮־ϴҶţʱǼϹٲѼˡ
ѼǱԺﶳðӲȻҶ̫ս˴ҪԵʱֻҪѴ׵ĸƿȡ
ʣµһĸֻѼ˲񷿣ΪҲп¶ȲֻͣҲǸŲ˽ȥһĲ񷿶ʱͱþִ
ҶصظٸǼ䷿ӣ¯ҪϿ
Ҷ̫û˵ҶͷͷӦһɣǾ͸ǣ⼸춼עŵؽѣѩѵؽŸѹˡ
ǸˡǷ׷Ӧ
æ£ҶػذǸæµţǰڼ￴飬ϼӡ
Ҳû˴ţèأûôѩȥĶ˵׼ֱʧ·ϣ˶û˻ҪǮ
Ҳ֪ǲΪ񷿵¶ȹߣѼ˼ͷСȺģһɵļҲζܲͰڸϸ壬һһŸպóԱ
ѩҶȫȵĴڼҶ֮£ͷ鼸ȫһ飬δֿһռʽ鼮ҳõĵӣֽˮࡣ
ǰߣǲֽǼõǸɾҶҶ褲ôϰߡ


55 ѩ
Ҷطһҳ, Ȿɽμǡǵл͸ٱ֮һһΪϸĵ־ͷβһ, ĵ
ʷϵγе, ֻʵ۲Զ, ȴͬ䣬ҽΪƣĸܸҶԺļϡ
󿴵ʱͻȻŵ, һͿҶҴ߽¡
Ҫȥ𣿡ҶƵʡ
ţһ˼ҵķӱѩѹˣȫ±ߣղŴ峤ȥ֡Ҷ˵, µֶ, ̾˵Ҳ֪ǼΡ
ô챻ڷûˣҲòᡣ
Ҷ⻰һ, æʵļң
Ҷº»ش, ¸Ǽҡ
Ȼ󼱴Ҵ, ˵֪ºҲס׷׸ųȥæ
Ϊ·ϻѩӦľҲףＸ׳ӶˣҶͯҲ, üͷ, ôѩѹأ
Ҷ¼ҵھӶһ, شǼ٣ѩû뵽ֻһûˡ
һǰտڣ֪Ҿȥˡ
ҲܹھӣϾҶһҹ¶ĸģǳͬȥæҲܺԣ΢ߵĽЩ㳣档
Ҷֻͯ̾һ˵ӼѩĶ飬Ϊ˶󣬴Լĸͱ˳Ҷ׳ʵ¶ʱǣͲˣǽûг࣬ɫϣ΢
Ȱ̧Ҽңú´һҶͯ״æ˵ʳȲˣǺЩ˵
Ҷô˵ҲҪһ壬ܼܲȰɡ
Ҷ峤¼̧ĸȥҶͯȻʣµĴϻؼңߴôˣϽȥůůҪ˿
ûƴǣĽߡ
Ҷֵܻؼ֮¸߼ˣҶͷ̾ǲ˻·
˭ҲԤϲᷢ¡ҶĸϸϸҶͿ͸࣬Լ꿪ֻϣû¡
ǰֻҪû¾ͺãû˿ٽ
һ⣬û˸͵˶ʵʵÿϷѩǲĵģһ컹Ρ
ڶҶ褾ʹ֪Ҷ²޴󰭣һҩ˯һͺõòˣֻ״̫ãټ϶Щˣҹͷ϶һֱ˺ܾã´˺üҩû¶Ƚ
²ú´˵ҲˣĲ̫á

ͷߣǼҵùȥæҶ̫ߴ˵סҶͯֽܲ˼Ҽա
ǲǸ𣬿ҶͯҶҲ֮ڵݣѾҶͯһˡ
⻰Ҷɩɵ̾òװ󣬻ûȢأ˾ûˣүۡ
ҶɩҶĸҲʹ죬ǻһᣬȻǹѸȴŷҺҵѹѶ󣬴ûй࣬Ҳû
ˣǧǰ̸£úӶ롣
Ҷͷ˿ں̣ǵǺϸţǼ⡣
Ҷү˼Ҷ񲻹ʮ꣬ȥѩΪˣһʵҲ⣬˭֪ƫƫηѩѹˡ
Ҽµζǲܡ
ȻͷգҶһҶ¾ͳһ˶һȦհݣƤͷƵģһⶼûС
Ҷĸһ㣬ûסҶ߸˵˾仰ú뿴𣿡
ТҶԶ˶۾Ҷĸ漴Ƶصллл
û˵ˡ
Ҷĸļ磬úӣ˵ֻܹúá
֪ܸⷬܲʲôı䣬ҶĸԼĶѾˣպΣ
ֱ߳ӣҶ褲ƵҲʮֳ⻹һβμȴƲһΡ
ʱͻȻоůڵģ̧ͷֻ˰µ¶̫-ѩͣˡ
֮ҶﱻأԱߡ
ǼסҶͯ϶û취ӣٵõȵУҵʳǮƶ˳а˳ɻõģûԡ
ҶͯһҶȥʱ򣬾;Ƕȹѵʱ
ѩȻͣˣҶȴо¶½˵ѩʱԼ¶ʮȣǻѩʱѾʮˡ
ԭɹ̫һӾͱ¶ȸȰˣֻʵʵػݴš
ҶҲ⣬۰Ͱ͵ͷٴλ͸ĲҲ֪ģܲܽ临̳
Ϊ˱¶ȣÿ춼ѿյȺģ˼ﴢĲ̱ۿɼٶȼţΪ˲ģҶ峤ѾŴɽβ
뵽ú̿ľ̿ȼչҪȲȼҪöࡣ
ҶԺ﷭鼮ʱҶĸͻȻŽ˵ˣϽ
ˣҶֱӱæܳȥ
һǰ˾߳ǣȥ֮ǰصذѼ˺ںسǣʲôϢͨţͨǰһΣµ˴ŵʱ䣬ȴûйҶ褲´Ϊѩˡ
ǸС꣬ȥԼʮ꣬ԭڿϣҶ褽֮²豭ó
ﻹ͵ǽŵһ˹
Ҷ褳һЦӹźŷ򿪣ʼĶż
ԽɫԽأҪ˵£һҲǹڶո˰ģֻ֪ĸ࣬˵˰ʣÿĶһס
ϸ˵һϷֵ˵ﷺĵĳƻȳ棬ȴȻȳˮϷůʪĵطܴͷСȭͷô󣬲ֹʳֲͬʱѪ
Ҷ褿ⲻɵõһѲǻȳȵĽ
ŵһëĽⲻѾԳƵϯǣ˶ܴë·ԺëҲ˻ʺϲھŮп
Ҷ褿ŵݸšüϸ˼βſڣҲҪʱ䣬ܿйԱǴ˰ˡ
Ҷ۾ɨԻصǴ˵⵹ʲô¡
Ƕũ˵ո˰ѹͺܴˣΪÿճֻٽȥһ֣ľԽϡ٣кܶ˽һ궼Ҫսӡ
˰ᵼҶֳЩζ˰Ҳпԭ˰ɡ
뾭׻˵úãΪ̫ƽȮˣܰȵػȥܱȵҪá
Ҷҳһ緹ȻҶдĻŻسǡ
뿪ã˰ĹԱˣûˣߵʱǹԱɻҶҴ徹Ȼ˸ԣһ㶼ûʱ䣬ɸ˰ǻǻü
л˵



56 
˰ĹԱ뿪֮û, һѩȻܿͣˣ¶ûл, һһ, ͵ʲô̶, žϵĵˮɱ̵ˮһӴ˲ɱ㣬ʵվ档
ҶȫҳȥҶҲſ, ô컹ʵʵڼŰɣҶӣ߲ˡ
ҺʦרҶҴһˣ˵Ҫ¡ھѺһҶʱȥ, ֻҪڼŰʱͺ, ˳˺üҩԡҩģҶӸһΡ
Ҷӱҩؿʦʦ뿪Ҳʦһȥڡ
, Ͻ, ҲڲŶ, Ǿ൱һ׸ʦĻʱ䡣
Ҷɩ˸ۣл档
˵Ҷ֮־, ǰӻܺʡ
Ҷ⻰ܻӰҩ, Ȼų档
ʣ, ǽʲô
ӳԣǱߺأ֣˷ںͻڣǼӳԵˡҶɩ˵ͬʱߦҲͣ
ǣۼҾȻкǡҶͻȻ˵ϲˡ
Ҷɩش𣺡ʣҲ࣬⻹ȥСʱ񣬳һֻ꣬ʣһ㡣
ǿǸϧŮÿµʱϲһˮȣܸоһϾûôˣôźžͰһǺȵòˡ
ҶĸҶɩĻ˵ͷñȥسѰһ£ܲǻ
ҶɩĶеԥβſڣ᲻̫鷳ˡ
ɶģǰˣۼ˶ϲĶֲרһ򡣡Ҷĸڰ˵һٶۣ˯ǰϰߺһˮҿ۹ֻʣһס
ˮ˯ߣкܺõİЧʺҹε˺ȣҶҲֻǺϰˣڹЧûرֻܳ˵ʤޡ
ҿߵ¶ȹû۷ˣǵȵɡ
Ҷɩ˾仰ҵȥɽ￴м䳲Ӧз۵ġ
֮ϵҲ𽥳ֻͣҪڿͷϣֻһСͷͳɹ
ҶĸͳɹߦгһСӣʣµĻͽҶɩҶɩǰӵĺ֣壬˲һװֵİӾͳڸϡ
˰ӺǳҶ̫ƬҲˣܳһڵķʵܡ
Ҷҧǵļǣĺڶʱ˳춼ۣһûĥر飬пУ
Եһ룬Ҷ϶һƬ˵ۼҵĲʣòˣȥɽٿһΡ
Ǽ˶ֲ࣬סһ飬յĿҲ࣬õøǼ죬Ե˼ǰζڵĲһֱõǼҾͲˣٶڵ㡣
ҶԷ¿ӣӦһΣǲѩһɽȡ࿳񡣡
ϣǸ
ڶҲȷʵͬϣǸʵĺ̫ڰգȻ¶Ȳûߣôůڵġ
˸ȫװıſɽߣߵһͻȻҶ£нķ򣬺Ҳȥɽ
Ҷһôôɽߣ
Ҷתͷͣ½ŲǸŻشʣò࣬Ծͳ񡣡
úӡҶϴ̲סļ磬ߣһ𡣡
ҶһЦӿŲȥ
ɽ¶ȱ滹Ҫ͵ö࣬׮Աߵѩû꣬ϻһңĵøߴֱľֱͦ
Ҷ߱ҶµСЩһҵѪɥ
Ҷ棬ͷ
ɽϵ·ʵߣĸǰУҲû̫Զһɾͣ׷״ӱĿó񵶣ʼ֦֣ǿǾԲῲģַѾ翳֦
Ȼ˶Ǹɻˣǻǵ͹ڵ¶ȣûأͶЩܲסҶϴ¿񵶴֣˵ʱߺİüëϽһ㱡ı
զôˣǰûء
Ϊʲô¡
Ҷ϶̾ʮƵ˵Ҳ֪ô£ôȥһҪˡ
⻰һΧ̰˾ɻʼĲ
Ҷ¼״˵ܲܲ͢ǰɡ
ɲһҶ뵽Ϸĳ֣͢治һܹܵùҲǲŶ˸˰ڳ͢˿˵㣬ֵר֡
Ҳû⻰˵ֻҡҡͷת˻⣬ôˣϽ㿳ؼҡ
ʣ¼ҶĻ˵׷׻ӵ֦˾֦һߣڷŰ˴֦
˶Ѿסˣ̫䣬¶Ƥ÷࣬Ҷ³£㼰ʱ֣һŲɽߡ
·û˵ƣõҶ϶ġ
·µʱҶϴĶ䶯˶תͷұ߿ȥֻһƬ׵ѩͻȻڳغɫӰ
æʣ϶㿴ǲǴҶӣ
Ҷ϶ãϸһȻǣ̰ѼϿŵĲ̷£ſܹȥǣˣܲ죬Ӧܴ
Ҷüͷ΢壬ЩģԾͲԭصȺҶºͼ֮ԼҲ˹ȥ
վԭصҶϴͣڿҶµʱŰϣ˵£΢Ϣһᡣ
ҶµͷҶ뿪ķ
ҲûȺܾãԼһӣͿ˸߲ҵҶˡ
Ҷ϶СܹðȥҪڻƵġ
ѿ̧չʾ쿴ȻǴҶӣҺһֻɵӡ
˵ɵӵʱ򣬸ʮЦɵ˾žȻԼѩǲѴ֮͸ˡ
ۼҺþûԹˣ캢ǿпڸ
ҶȻߴٵˣϽؼҡ
ջصӣҶֶҶ˵㻹ТմȣɣһˣȥҶͯ͹ȥһ롣
Ҷæҡͷܾ岻ãɵֲҴģӦҸлǴȥŶԡ
Ҷɺܼᶨзݡ
Ҷ¼ƴǲˣҲͽˣԸõܳԡ
˵֮󣬷ֿؼҡ
ҶĸҶʮֵǣϵĻҲû棬춼ûһ
ֱŵżæӭȥӹҶϵĿ𣬿ֱϵϣʱһۣůů
ҶҶĸĸ첲ġ
߸ŵҶ϶հѲжͳµҴʲôˡ
Ҷ̫߹ȥͷһʱˣӴɵӿأʮɡ
ɲǣٿ
⻹иҶءҶ̫濴ʱЦʵƤë̵˵ӹһˡ
Ҷ褺һνĴҶԭƤǼϡģԽ۸Խߡ
Ҷ϶һů֣Ц˵ɲǣãƤ֮ҲǱů
Ҷ̫ͷӦǾͲˣԼš
һʼŶϱǸɵӰƤȴҲѣҪϸġ
ҶĸС¸һӣ˳ųëķֽ߰ƤӶֱƤ롣
Ƥëһ߲ѩȻͿһľңϸͿȥƤëϵ֬ѪҺȻٰ¸ɹɾˡ
Ƥͬˡ
ֻǵһҪֲƳҺҶҶƤȣˮڣҺºٽͿĨƤëһࡣ
پһЩꡢĴ̣ɵƤëͻҹ⻬
Ȼǰºˡ
ⲻóԣͺζˣֻҪ΢һ£κζͻʮҶ̫˵ظǷ
ҶĸǰС׼Ӳ͡
ȻֽͿϴɾ԰пһԺﶳһǱ¯Ͽʼ¯ϵĻԽʢľŵ⽥֬ζҶ褼ӷ׷̽ͷȥ
ڿ֮ǰҶصһҶͯȥҶ̫Ű
Ҷڿʿˮֻⱻ𿾵ýͣճһеһ㣬ӱ¹ƵĶζ¹ʮƣζǳŨټƤŵ㽹㣬ȴһҧȥﱬ֭
óԣҶģ˵ˡ
óԾͶԵ㡣Ҷ̫һӰײˡ
ʮ⾹Ȼһȫˡ
Ҷ褳ŵòУһ϶ӣҸĸΪԵú㡣


57 
겢ûʲôζ, ֻǳһԷʢҹҹ֮ԸݣΪѾ䵽Ŷȥ, һȥͺѩ
һֱ·, ·ϵѩſʼڻ, ҲߣҶϵƤȻǴסˣ˼޵
ʱҶҪæŸأֻʱ, Ҷͷ΢΢üǵ˵ⶼ·¶ȻôͣҲ֪᲻Ӱ
Ҷֱ̫ôԺǾԺٵǡ
Ҳ, Ҷͷ˵, Ǽֵء
Ǽҽ˰׺ֻһСֲС͸
Ȼ˶û뵽ǣԴӵ, ߵ¶ȱۿɼٶ, Ҷ, ̶̼¶ȾѾʮˣҶ˴ûĸ£ȵʱҲʮȣһֻʮʮȣһֱʮ, ˶ǳϰߡ
ũ˵, ¶ȸ߻ǴҪ, ҪԴڵӣϾû¹һ꣬ÿ춼գΪʳֻȥˮࡣ
˶ӿ䣬Ҳûʲô仯
Ȼɺȴüͷ壬Ҷͷÿ϶ȥһȦűձɹĸշѿӷ
ӵǻãϱһ㣬ϿǱһ׸ɺһֱֵ꣬ӭһֵġ
ʹЩĴҶͷǲ࣬쿪ۣϽһ꽽ء
ȻȴûΣţµʱ¶ȱԽԽߣ֮ǰһһҲû¡
Ҷ褴Ҷͯ߳ʱ򣬱ҫ۵̫ͷϴŵݱ֯ɵĲññͶӳһƬӰ
ԱߵҶֲ̫˰ɣ䣬ȣͲкһ𣿡
˵ˣϽؼңôȵߴҶذڰ˵ۼҺôһھˮߵģܱ˺á
˵⻰ͼӿŲߣһӵ·Ӳһ롣
ҵʱҶȫŴ󿪣Ϸľ裬ǾˮҶɩʱʱѸҡľˮõϣˣ¶ɲͣ϶Ǻˮ
Ҷĸæӹңָľ˵ȥϴ
ڵϵľˮȶȱȣպÿϴ֣̫
Ҷ褵ϴˮ裬֪϶ǲͬ⣬ֻգھˮ̹ëˡ
Ҫ˵ô̫ʲôôǾǰ˰õƣҶ褸պóʱ֡
ߵҶĸȸȷ˵дԽԽˡ
Ҷͣ±ʣ˿ֻֽܳƵǺƽֱ֣ЩգҲĸ׵˾ɡ
дŴ֣ϵ·Ѿ͸ˣһڸģһˮҶ褸оԼȳɸˮͰˣһεȫˮ
һһ׿Ż
ǼҳԵ棬Ļƹϣ俪θΪûʳ׻Ҷ̫û̫࣬պһܳ
̫ɽ¶ȽһЩʱϰ߼ڴڵĴĻ죬Ӱ˵ģ඼Щҳ̡
ҶżҲһСӹȥʱ䣬ȥˣȥʱϢʮ־ȡ
˵̫س˵ϿǱߴ󺵣¶û꣬˵˶ȥˣϱ߻ӻģسѾһ
֣˺ʩ෹һ٣ôܻ
ѾֵزҶšüϸ˼ԭеĵԤ𽥳棬Ѳĩˣ
Ҷ̫ʱ̾һǽճҲ֪أӹҲôá
⻰ھӸ̫˵Ҽҵ类ɹòУкö඼ûзѿ
Ҳ׷׸ͣɣǶֹüأˣҲ໵
ܱȿҪãȥҼһûдڵؽʳ㹻ǳһˣҶҴĴ񶼲ǺģǿѲɻܳһӣ
ȻҶ褻ؼ֮ȴסˣһֲõԤУŻŵġ
һȦʱҶ̫ס
תˣôˣﲻ˵˵
Ҷͣ½Ų¶İ㿪ڣ̣Ǵٶڵʳɣܳһʱ䣬ҽʳճǲ̫á
Ҷ̫£β૵զ͵̶ֳˣ
Ҷͷûԭϣ̷ԸӣȥһسŶЩʳ಻УܳԾСҪģ͵͵ͻǧܽб˷֡
ںõʳܳԺüأָʳҲһܳꡣֻǳζˡ
ҶϴҶ϶ͬӦһ
Ҷ褾ΣʣҪҪ˵һֻԤУһ֤ݶûУ˵˼ҹҲš
˵ǼʳٹҾԳ͢˰˰ϵԭ峤˵һ£ǸǶġ
Ҷͷһ˵⻰Ҷ褵ļ磬ô࣬ҲǶţȥ˯ɡ
Ҷ褱Ҷĸݣϴ֮˯С
ҶĸҴҴǣ˺ȼѬİϣ･һŨܰζŲϰߵ˺ױǺ
Ϸţصݰѿ֦ľϻóʮŰƱɢɢͭûġ
ûʮƱϻӷź֮óȥҶϴ
ͬʱҶ̫ҲƱǵǮһһǧӣŰɡ
ۼߣҲ֪ǧӵ򵽶١
ڶһҶѹʱ򣬼ֻʣǼСҶϴҶ϶컹ûʱѾ¿ȥسǣʣµˮء
ǷҲ֪ΪʲôǷҲãһ̵ȥͺˡ
˽Ҷͯս̵ǡֻһȵý̲ȥˣӸƵģ˴ûһȫǺ
Ҷͯ뽲뿪û뵽ҶͻȻ٣ͷǺˮһûֱӵϡ
ԣҶͯ״һ䣬ϵ鶼˲ϣæ˹ȥס
ҶûȥҶԣǻܣڿŵˮ֮۾һæȥѶëŽȥʪȻѽʵðɵëͷϡ
ֽ⿪ҶԵĿӣĺܸ˳һЩ
ǶÿһЩһ𣬻ȥһˮ
Ҷ˨ĻվСŴԼϰͲùҸİˮûüȡ
Ҷ褽ӹӣҶͯ΢̧ҶԵϰӶ׼죬һˮιȥ
ֱˮιҶԲſ۾˵ôˣ
ˣڻﲻҶ褷±ѯʡ
ͷκ¡ҶסͷһҪȴ²ӡ
Ҫȥ´Ҷ֪˥ߣҲ֪ҪҪҩ
ҶԺһˮʪëõĲˣڰ˵ҴѾˡɲȿҩ֭ӡ
ⲻ˵Ҿ治ҵģҶͯŵùǺֱѧǻؼңԼ´С
λ´æˣﳣĴҶԻ֢״ˣֻҩ»
Ҷ褵ʱ򣬻ʱĸо
ֻоһĲ£ûվؾͷĿѣֱʧȥʶ
ǵ͵֢״Ҷ褲ϵĺˮôо¶߲٣Ƶʮˡ
뵽ˮµóҰָǣҰ澭ˮߵģһϵȱɢ٣˶ˡ
ҶԿһҰ棬Ľ˵ҵˮãһͷҲҪҵ˴
ôȵûԸ˵ɡҶ褻ȴܿˣȳҲȷ磬ûˬ˵˼֡
ҲǡҶԿյͷ
ҶֱͯӲѧȥ˽ˣʵʵڼŰɡ
ҶҶ褼һֱ̫ɽ׼ؼҡ
Ҷ̫ߣ˵ˣ³Զٷ¡
˲ˣ͸˵ҪóԵģһȥԷҶæܾڱ˼ҳԷǲǲ
뿪֮Ҷϴͷ糾͵ĸϻˣֵܼѾȥ˺ü죬Ҳ֪ûʳ
Ҷϴˮ˷ܵ˵ǿ˲أȵٰʳ
Ҷ̫ͷǿɵСĵ㣬׻˵úãƲ©СЩ

ΪԭһҲûԺãֻ˵㣬˼ʳϡ
һֱҹһûеʱֵŸ¿ߵĲ·Ǵ屳Сߣ·ȫҰߡ
֮Ҷȷû˲ŰŹϡ
˶ʳҶ̫еĿɿڴ¿һͲ߸ͻ
Ҷ˵Ҳ֪ǲյϢ˶ˣֻô࣬඼Ǽ۸񼫸ߵİףС֮ĸû
Ҷͷʱ⿪ʳӣץ˰Ѱף󣬡ףúôܷźЩأպײȥˡ
˵ĵû˻ɰɡ
һôеӵĶûˡ
ǷֿģӦû֪ҶӶͳʣµƱݸʣš
ҶͷûգŰɣͷʲôѵõĶٶڵ㡣ǺǺ֮ġ
ҶҲûƴǣƱ´ض
ϵİж֮ڵؽ֮˾ȣҶ褹δ궼ȱ׳ˡ
ȥҴ峤ȻǸԴϱؼҰѶϢ˵һ˵ӵؽҶͷӡ
ӦָҶ˵ͷҽȥһţ¸ǡ
ȻҽӦòҪǵѡ
ҶȴصǰѾһţҲҪǶЩʳ
Ȩ֮ѾϢ
ҲáҶͷڰ֡
Ҷ˻صݣҶֽľϴ˵ںںسſȫģÿ춼µѹֲҿŽǽȥֻòʩ෹ſڴס£λʱȥسˣô񱣲׼ĸϾȾ˲
Ǿʵڲ̶࿴˻
Ȼ񶼶ſڣسûʲô˵Ҷ̫ʵ
ûУѾ˵òʩ෹ŪŶȥ
ѵ·ϲֹںһسǣֻ࣬Ҷ褲²⣬Ϊÿʩࡣ
Ҳ˵˭˭ֻǡ
ںʳľסһʳûˣ࣬ûгֵ͢£᲻ᷢңЩǲԤ֪¡
ȻǣҶҲû취ıʲôֻٵعһһ졣
ȶϢӴ峤ҽ֮ŵȻҲвŵģŵѡȥسŵ޶ԣЦЩʳˣù
ûʱЩˣгܵĹ򻹲ʳ
л˵
ĳˡ֡


58 춹
ֹ˼, ̫ͳŰʱִҶԶŰݷãȹһ裬Ҷ̫˵, ԭһҽȥس, һ̫ȫ, Ҫ˽ͺõöࡣ
˲֪ǼѾڹҪ˵Ļ峤µ֣ϾϢҶͷ, Ǵ峤Ǹˣײ˵˵ġ
Ҷ̫ͷӦϴǸһȥ
Ǿô˵ˣҼӴԶڴڻϡ̫Це˵ǴԶ档
ҶԶΪȻǼġ
Ȼϡֺȹһˮ뿪֮ҶŸҪȥسǴҰɡȥʲô̶ˡ
һԵȴҶĸ, Ӧ, ҡͷسʮֲȫԱӵ, 㻹ǱȥΪá
Ҷüͷ΢, ɰ˵Ҿȥ, ʲô
Ҷͬ£İһ
賿ûôȵʱȻˣҲǳ, ҶͷϰһǳɫĲ, ΢΢̧ͷһ, ֻɫһƲʶûУֱϢ
ȥسǵ·ϣͬ߼û˵鶼ʮ־裬Ϊ·ʱʱܿḻ̌ڵϣЩоģජǵ¿۷Ź¿ӡ
ҶҶڻһû¶üͷ΢ǰ컹ûôأôͻȻˡ
⻰ܱߴե͵ҶԶܻûϢֹǺϿѣһߵҲ
˵ǱѾµı꣬Ķˣʵûʲô·
˵̾Ϣһ䣬Ҫкһ¾ͺˡ
δͱ·ͻȻĿ޺ˣҶ褾͸оµ¿һ£Ȼͣסˡ
̧ͷȥֻ¿ǰ˸ƾѵŮӣݲݣȫǻһٶ壬ϸҲֻԼѵǡ
ǸҺһڳԵİɣǡŮӲͣͷ¶òеСԼӣСƣƤѣֻһ쳣ؿڵ
Ҷ褲̵ıͷڶͣһİˮȴԲ׼ҪҪóΪԱߵĶǡ
Ҷס֣֮΢΢ҡҡͷС˵𼱡
Ҷɿ֣
ǣǡ
ŮʼڹؿͷͷϽѪ˲̼ˣٲҲû˵
¿ƹĸǰߣ;Ҷȴ˳ٻʱҶ褵ͷ͵͵ŸˮǶĸӣ࣬ǳһʱ䡣
ֻǡ
ҶɻسѾٲʩ෹𣿡
ͣˣôʳࣿ˵ǰŨģ֮ˮ׶࣬ˮƵġҶϴ̾˵
һ·˵ֱ¿سſڣȫ񣬰ȵһɹȳζѬҶ褲ɵòסӡ
̱ڵصǣͻȻðһʣߡִѹߣҽ£һߣǴֻ
ע½˽˰Ƚ˳ɿζҲǣȳҪϲ١
Ǿֿɣʱڳſڻϡ
Ҷ¿˵ʱߵ࣬ʱ̫ɽ¶ȻһЩ
˷׷׵ͷܿһ˾͸Էֿ
ǼֿжźȥЩʳǺ滹ǺǣҪпȥκ˽Ρ
ҴűȥһؼңûʲôҪģȻȥһ˻شãЩ߲ҩġ
ȻҶ֮ǰʱѾһ͹Ϣȴ֪ؼҵûš
ҶϴӦһ漴¿Ҷĵطߡ
ҶĿ뿪ڿӰ֮ǣҶҲˡ
ںسڸ֮ǰȶ˼ţ·ѾûС̯ʳ϶լԺţû˳
ʱţ̫¶棬ܵ¶Ҷ褱ñڵµˮҶ״æӿ첽ؼҡ
ùţûǶȣ˾ظʣ˭
ңҶ
⻰һæţôȵ죬ôˣû˵ֿ꣬ҶҶ褣̾ˣôűأ
ҶСôӹҶ褣Сȵġ
תͷԸģȥˮϴϴ
һҶڼҶˣӭȴ֪˵ʲôҶ֮ǿж
شͷˣһġ
һʳҶ褿Щ٣ؼ˿ȴѾܶˣһָܻ֮񲻱ضôʳ
ҶҲ֪ȰʲôˣǱȰһȰ׸ıġ
ֻþᣬԷһڼڵûл
ͷ̾˵۷ǣѾ֮ǰˣҲǻ˺ôһӲôЩǰװ棬ֻǰ档
û취ˣҶû뵽سʳȱѾϾˡ
ǲ֪ΪΧ˶ٽسǣһǧɣ߶ˣ
Ҷ褱˵߰ѱɹЩĸ첲ŽˮȵˮȻˬҲܻĴʹ
ʱҶС˸ӵݸҶ褣ȻҶ˵ȵˣ¾Լȥ죬Ұ㿴ţϼǵС
ҶΣڰֻصҵôȥһ˻شãҩӣȵʱϽȥ
Ǿ͸Ͻɣ𵢸顣ҶСе˵Ҹǹһˮȵʱóڡ
˵ˮʵҲȵİ׿ˮ
뿪ʱ򣬱¨ﻹ˼ӡ
ҶҶ·ֱӰһĲñǵشߡ
ǵʱشУǲˣ޴½ţҩͯǵӣͷǺӭ´濴ܵ鷳Եһᡣ
¡ҶǣҶ褵֣˻شܣѯʵǣ
ɱˣĻˡҩͯĨһѺ˵⻹΢ģЩصûȻ
Щ˾ò˳һ£һ̾ʹʱ䡣
ʱͻȻˡҩͯæԱ㣬ȻҴҸϹȥ
ԼһӣҩˣҶ֣߰ɣȥ˵
ڼȼϣ̩ͨһ꣬ŸоԼ˹
´߸ʱز
˵ָҶܿϱ㸡ֳһĨЦ⣬úӣָĲӹǽ׳٣պ󲻱ٳҩЩ²ʳУС֮ġ
Ҷллġ
ˣڰ֣һ˵պñسϲɾҪ߲
ͳ´ô죿Ҷǵʡ
û¡źۼ̾ҽģΪ¾Ͳβ
ҶҲ̾һЩͱƳ㣬ڼЩá
ֵ趼зֹ߲ȾĹЧڡ
Ǹ⣬ֻǻشҲֻ࣬һ㡣ֽдʣҶ˵ȥҩȡҩɡ
Ҷ褱ڼ䣬Щĸ첲ţǱ̫ɹˡ
ۼؿĶϸĸ첲ȻӹóһҩͿϡ
Ϳ߽ܣûѩɵҩ࣬ɹ˵Чܺá
͸дŵɫһɱζҶ褳ӣоʮˬ
ţˣؼҺǵͿһΡѸӺϣݸҶ褡
ûܾ˵кüޣȱҩҲҪǾúãͷʱٸҴһǼĶӣӿϲԡ
Ҷ룬ȷʵҲþֻܾõͷҩպá
ҶǮҩʹӻش뿪ˣʱѾʱ֣ȵʱ򣬲˱תȥһ׼ĥʱ䡣
һһϮҶһ£⴫֮ȥֻһķͭƳɡ
Сһ¥ߵλãЦ˵ǲһֽбҵĵܻӭҪλСһ룿
ҶʵǾȻб
ɲǣСԺ˵ƹĿӵгıѣÿնṩһЩ
һۣҶʣۼΣ
һһ롣Сش
Ҷ褲ɵõһ۸ίʵĲ
ֱʾҪҶ˵һңһ÷
ˣǳҵǺ
Ҷ˵㻷˲ܣŵļǸ˼ңգʱʱл䣬ȫͷھʲô
̾ǺβʳӰ
СѱҶʱҶ״ʵҲ֪ƹǷ
СѰ׽ڼͷҡҡͷ˵ۼҵıԸãжȥء
Ȼ󹧾á
ҶűңСҶ˵ǼҲ취һѴ
ֻҪڵʮ£ȻڱϸӲԴٱڻ
Ҷ룬ҲʯƱ
һרĿҡ
νеִıɳ༫ã״ɵСʢžӨ͸ıɳһ춹ԵԽˡ
ҶһڷŽʱﵽⶼˬζҲʮֲ춹ڸнӲȴϸıɳ˷۹塣
֮ƵǰҲ
Ҷһڣͷ˵ȷʵ
һСұʳɾʣµһ÷ȻҲû⣬һ˵һţҶ褾÷ǸʲݷŶˣЩ࣬úȡ
ϳ⣬и̵ģֱǸͶ⡣
ڲﵹͨԱӿ˵֪Ϣ


59 ȳ
͢ôû֣
Լ˲, ﻹڵóְ
ʲôˣ
Ҹ˵˻ΪɱƹûʵＺگ, , ľԱ, Ļп֣
ˡ
ⷬԻҶҶ褶һۣҽҲǣУϾձȨڻӶձ֮ˡ
Ҷ̾˵ֲ, һϢûС
Ҷ֪ʵѴϥӶֵ׳꣬Ӷ, ŻʵǸλá
Ȼ, Щ¶ƽնʮңԶΨһֵעľǹʱȲ͢ˡ
һֱڲ̫ɽ뿪Ҷϴ, ûֵȵҶԶ, һ˳ôʱس, ¿ߡ
һ·Ͼ¿ǵʵʵʲôû¶ΧĿȴʼζڳϣҶǽסҶ褵ڻ, С˵Ͻߡ
¿ʮ, ڸڳԵĶǿ׳, һ֪ܲǣһһ·ƽĻصҶҴ塣
ڴڷֱʱҶ۽ͻȻƳԶиӰ΢΢üҶ褷ҶϴؼҰɣԼȥ˴峤
Ӵ峤һصԼ֮˵ЩҪ¡
Ҷͷ԰̸˷£˵Ƕ˯һЩȱ˯
Ҷĸ§סҶ褣صصͷ˲óҶɩοһ䣬Ǵ˲٣˸󣬲˵ǡ
ҲǣҶ̫˸⣬ǽЩʲô
Ҷϴ⻰˷ãպһģֱӱǰԲˣΣһ㹻ԺЩ꣬Ŷˣһ춹
˵ĿǼֱ֯һװ֮ܳԺܾá
Ҷ̫һۣοصͷؽŰɡ
汻ҶĸϴɾʢһС룬ǳԵģſűƤԴ壬ҶһŷŽŴԳζ
ϳԵü򵥣ͷ̲ˣ֮Ҷ̫ʹżȥϴ˯Ǻ͸˯һ飬Էһ
Ҷڵ˯ţԺ˯ҹͻȻﴫ˷ĹżСҲʱԭЩ΢˯ʧ͵ؾˣҶĸߣæ⺰
ҶĸƿСܽû£¡
˱ˮҶȥˣӦòʲô¡
ϾĹҲֻǽûʲôĶҪǳôҲкɡ
Ҷ褵ķһ룬ʣһõܷ¡
һҹû˯ţʱ̾ţֱҲûʲô¡
΢΢Ҷֵܱ¶ˮˣǶЩƣҶˮĨ˰Ȼҹϸϸ˵
ϵ۴͵սͱˣôڴţץˡ
Ӧöǹ¼ҹˣ峤ȥţ»͵͵ӣڴһҹ
Ҷüͷ΢Ǳˡ
ͷ峤һ£пյĻڴΧΧǽʵǲȫȦΧǽôЩ
ʱõҶ˵ͬ⣬Ҷڼס緹ûԣæȥҴ峤Ҳ֪ʲôϴ峤ټȫˡ
峤Ҫ˵£һǹس״ģ˵Ѿ߲ʱҪ뿪ӡ
ڶǹڽΧǽģһû˷ԣͬǾûôȵʱɽʯͷʯͷΧǽ
ΪҶСһҶسǣڶڱ߲ϢԵЩ٣ȻؼҲԸ뿪Ҳȷʵûа취ֻϣ߲Ҫ̫ء

ΧǽǸ󹤳̣ȫ㻨ĸ²Žɹɽϵʯͷ϶ǸˣΧǽﻹͳһһĵطһʮ׵ıѣѵײˮˮܴͬʱеݣѱؽȥֻڽѿͿһཬõݸǾͿˣıһֱü¡
Щʯͷǰߣ޲Լҵķӡ
Ҷ褼ҲںԺཨл𿻵ӣרŸסģͬʱĵؽҲ˶ļӹ̣·ֱر͵ҵĵطʯ˸ϣԴˮܻҩеʯϷľͷӣ鲼װŵİ׵ʳ
һؽѣֱŵǸʳ߲ɽɹɵĢݥ֮ġ
ؽʵʵһԺҲûܷǼҾȻؽѡ
Ҷ褴½õΧǽʱﲻɵò־η֮飬ǽԼ׸߰׿ͨɫȫڣֻڴںʹ屳һţȫС
ԽԽң˵ǶΪ˻λû˹ƽյѹ
뵽Ҷ̾Ѿ˾·ݣ¶ȴһ㶼û½ƣʮȣȵķҡ
ֲΪȣѵ񿸲סвٶ·ϣʬѻ֮²ߣǴһ϶Ⱦ߲֢״΢ҷֵ磬´ֻ˼ҩͺõòˡ
ǼҴӻشıһ͵ȼһţҶҲ֪ôж󣬷Ǹο
ںسճţ˽ҶСһȻ£ȴƽ£ҶҲͻˣʦʱ¡ݸˣ˵ǴżЩͽȥ˾ǡ
Ҷ褱Ŀĵ±ߣߵһȴͻȻ·ߵĹľſһֻƺɫĳӣһͻæ߹ȥϸ쿴
ȳ档
ִԺﻮ˲䣬Ҷ褾ȳˣն
ʱʱ֣˴඼ڼϢһҶ褵ĺ˶һ಻ŵĶʼæҵʰ
ҶܻؼҵʱңǴׯջ磬ҰûܳԵģȻʳǰЩټ֮һЩջ񣬽ʡԣܳһصġ
ҵʱѾָӶʰɹǰԺİףǺԺ˵ĸ߲ˣµ㳦
ҶϴҶ϶ƵİβˣҲûʰֱ˴ӽҶӼݡ
ҶС˶˫̥£ҶĸݣŹʵҲû±
˵㼱ææȥæ
ԼĪһӣҶߴ･һڲһݣǵǺ¡
ʵסȥʱʱ⿴
תͷȴҶӻһɪɪǾ֡
Ҷ褼æο£ֻǻȳ棬ۼׯڶѾ˻ȹһȳɹȥͺˡ
⻰ЩҶʣô°
ϧҶ޷شΪҲ֪ôˡ
Ҳ֪˶ãû˶
ҶĸŴ򿪣úǳȻָŵûüߵĻȳ˵ҴûôĻȳ棬һСȭͷô󡣡
˵һŲȥ
Ҷ褻ܣֻԭȴ֦ùͺͺģһҶû£źϰջǱˡ
ȳûбеڹˡ
½Ҷͷ̾Ͻȥۼû¡
ҶԱ飬һ鿪ʼʰ߲ˣһ鵽Ժ
ǲûаѲ԰߲˶Լֻһ࣬ʣµѾȳʳںԺӵʵ˼ֻĸŵֱⲢû


60 
Ҷͷڿϻ˻, ֱԶ˵ȥ￴ʲôҪæġ
ҶƣɫҪڼϢһᣬֵȥˡ
һȥҶͷܼ, ӿ, Ǹϡ
ӼճԺ, ͿģľһҶûˣЩûߵĻȳ棬Ŷץ, ȳȻǸ棬ץĥɷ۸ȴҲǸѡ񣬷Ǽʱֹɡ
˳ſ޺ߵһ˼ſڣҶͷøҶʤңʱȫ, Ҷȥ֮ŷòڵ²֪, ۿûʲôˣ˶ιȥ϶ǲġ
ôˣ
شǶòĴҶ棬, ҵڶȳʱСˤˡ
˵յһԴ, Ҳ֪ˤˣôιȥ, ֪ͲҵˣʵŶá
⻰һΧΧĴ񶼶һۣǼҲһˣ˭ϡ˵
ʱ´ҩ˹, һⳡ̿ڣ𶼼һ, ûµľÿ㡣
Է׷Ų, ´ճһһ´ջ֣˿ûʲô󰭣ֻˡָָҶʤȼ˵ͷͿһҩľ̶סԼ֮ͺõòˡ
ǾͺáҶ˿ָԼ̧ү̧ݡ
ˤȵ֮⣬м񱻻ȳˣϸ첲ȫǿӣǻȳ˲ȤҪǹƶֻҪõҩͿһ¾С
ҶͷӴͷתβӰŴʰ˻ᶫŻؼҡ
ʱҲʰȻĸ߲ˣײ˶ͽְεģЩҶӵˣҶĸֻýժӽͷԡܲͬˣεʱûע⣬ʱŷܲӿݵģҲ֪Ǳʲôʳܲܳˡ
˶˼⣬Ҷ̫۵˵ҲûƼгӰôҧˡ
Ҷܲüͷɡ
֮ܲҲп׶ǲܳˣܲһһ֮ǷּܲӿʳֻеĿ׶еĿ׶١
Ҷ̫ĸۣûʹȥ
Ҷȴ뵽˵أ˵ڲ˵ҲȫǺ棿ɵЩҪһֱֲ˵ʱϻǻкġ
ǵøϽҵľڲ˵ϡ
Ҷصͷʣ߲أ
²֮ζûгУҲǴ棬ÿ춼ܿһ飬˳ӿ϶ͱ˷ˣȻһֱûǾ֤Ǻúõġ
⵹Ҷ̫ɿ첻٣ҪǶҲˣƾҪʹȥˡ
ҶֳѲ˵ط˷˵淭ٳӣΪһЩ֩Ͳ档
ֳӿҶЩצ
أͣĵİѲľҶˮȾһ˺ЩľˮͿڲ˵ϡΪԷһҶ̫Ժժ˰ˮȴڵ
ز˵ҾͲ»гӡ
һΪ˵ＸѾˣҶʱŽֽȥΪѾʮ·ݣžȳҲҪˣûֲͺģֻ֣һǰײˣǲˡ
ǲֵʱһȳɹ֮ǰ͸ͷҪСö࣬˼˶ץ˲٣ǼҲ⡣
ҶԺ֧°ץĻȳĥɷۣҶһ߰һƬƬɰڵϣɹɵĺɺнԵʱۣǸɳԻǷʮܼ˻ӭ
˱߸ɻ죬ûһͰϵĻˣʱͻȻţҶܹȥţҶϡ
ܿ˵⣬ļֻΪѾˣÿ춼ģ̾ɱֵ˵һ
ֵҶһһֻʱʳգҲܳЩõģú죬Щ⣬˭뵽һӱֻŲˣʼ죬ټǱȳһ⣬ۿɼٶȿʼݣʵǲý
Ǽ£˴û˷ԣڶһ˹ȥҶһɱ
ֻһҲٶͦɱҲûɱԸ͸ˣȳһɱˣʣµָÿֻңȷʵ࣬ȥÿء
ڵ꾰еĳԾͲˣ˶ûôȣ̫Ҳñ棬Բĳû͸ոպá
һ֮Ҷ̫ԼҺԺѯʵۼҵҪҲɱֻĸΪȣ̶٣һӺȡ
⼸ǼѾӵֻĸʮ־ȡ
ĸẓ̇ǿɱֻֻһֻͷ˼֡Ҷͷͷһں̶Ҷ˵
Ҷȴҡҡͷɱˣһ˵ɣҪȻԲⲻñ档
ҲǣʱЪɱ˼Ѱ˼ŵɱ
ȻһȾ£ҶУ¶һֱǻʮȵʮ֮䣬ȵʱȻҪͲ٣ѾҪ˰
Ҷ褶Ժǲǻһֱļߵҡ
ﲢһϢûУĺϢĪһ꣬ӵˮλΪⳡ˼֣ҲøӵĴݺ˿һֱڵģһֱ꣬һӸɺô졣
֮⣬߲ҲõЧĿƣشõĴƳһֵ裬ֻҪڼȼͿԼٵòĸʣټɶͷڸسǶһ̨ͨĿѸ߲Դͷǵòʬ壬Щʬ뾭ղ
˶ŷΪ⻰һõ˵ĵƣȻĵ߲ǰȴԵʮһձһĲˣջ˿ڣЧԣֻ˶̶һµʱ䣬תࡣ
Ҷ˺ܿõϢҶпʵǸְĺù١
Ҳͬصͷķ벻ص
Ҷĸ·ϴɾ̾˵͢Ȼһֱû֣Ƕƶ˲ˣɺصĵط
Ͽ˵һʮҾſնΪǴﶼиʹûסȵǰûˡ
Ҷ褵Ǵ紫ż֪ھǵĶؼʱ򣬶ʹЩλĿԸţȵ»ʵǻܻ֮ע⵽״˵֣˼긳˰ҲǺõġ
ʱҶֱִ̫ˣôֻ࣬Ҫһһܹȥ
Ҷ״̵ǵʣ´ҩ಻𣿡
Ϊ̫ۣҶ̫ˣǳ꿪ʼһֱۣ´ⲡǸûεģ´ֻһ޺ɫҩ࣬˵ϸͿһΣܹʹ
ãںöˣֻżеʹҶ̫Ѿϰˣһһģ̹ȥˡ
ͷȥһ˻شãóĵĴһ룬ǻܲ١
Ҷ̫԰ڰ֣αô鷳ʵʵڴŰɡ
ǳȥسһˣСۼҵӣҲ֪ôûûг¡
ҶԽ˵ԽҪкܶ࣬Ȼӱи¼ҿܣ˼ֲӵˣǰʱôҵ£΢עһ¶Ǹмˡ
λҶ̫پܾĬˣȷʵԼŮһңۿǣŮģճûþ;ôһĥѡ
룬ȥسǣٵõͷٰһЩȻʹһȥŻȫ˭֪Щ᲻ء
ҶҴ帽ĴﲻֹֹһɱĶǷ঵ģû˸ҵţҴ඼ѧҶҴΧǽΪʯͷǽҶҴĴңҺǽ磬õʯͷ̡
ĵͬʱϵĻҲûͣЩɢĻۣ鷳ƩʹëߣЩܸһ죡
߹ϻƵʱһ߳ǽݳԷػһҾֻ٣һ٣һ٣ʱ򲻿ҪǶ˵ĻԳԵɵӡ
ҶԴϿ˿Щʧ
ʳͷ࣬ǶϳͽˣûʲôȣΪֻʣ¼⣬ŹڳԵģڼѼǻУԽȣòѻȥĸɱˣʣļҲֻֻˡ
ԭҶ϶׼ɽԣȴڸֹˣҲûʲôرԭֻɽ仯̫ȥ£ٹһΪá
һ㣬˽ҸȡҶ̫һ˼һ鼦
룬ֲɱֻԡ
ûҶ˵Ҷɩ۵طɱˣǼһĸµأ
û£ۼҳ˴⣬һֻҿܸɣɱ˳⡣
Ҷɩ뵽ֻȷʵ˵ûٷԣҲӳԵõģֻⲻ뵽̾ˣһֻѣ˻ͷĸѣٷֻС


61 Ź
ûȵǼɱ, ˴żֻҰҰţҶɩҵܵܣǵ͵Ի, ſӺЬ, һ, һƵĹӣԵʮָ
·ֵشҶԶ˴ҶҾ׼ȥˣڴ֧ŵء
Ҷɩæ֮ǰݸ
Ӵ, ˵ˣզôصĶءһҶ̫ͬ˵ڼӳԶá
С˰ѾɱõҰҰݸ㣬ְװз۵ĹӷϣЦŻصﲻ٣ôȵʵڲñ, ԾһЩ׼ҳԡ
⻰, Ҷ̫ͷкС˹裬ֻ, һ뿪֮ǰ, ðʳȥ
ϼԻ, ٣Եʳ඼ΧӻģЩʳոպãݣҲҪ
Ҷ̫ʱ, պҶ϶С, ֪ɽΣ
С˷в, ش𣺡֮ǰҰҰ֮ȷʵҪԾЩÿνɽջ񶼲٣ֻǡ
ϸһĨ֮ɫ˵ֻŸȣǼ䱩꣬ྭḻԻɽﱻҰײˣҽɽ֮ʱһֻܲ
Ҷһܶˡ
Сһ仰ܽɽٵһʱɡ
Ҷɩʱ˾仰ŽɽԣҲԼＸɽûʲôͶҲȫ
ȻǱԹȴǵǡ
Ҷ϶ҲûһͷЦⲻǿۼҺܾûг𣿡
첻ˣ
ҶɩһֻҰ㣬һֻգʣһֻŵٳԣҰǸҰòһҰζزУĻһɧζҰͲˣô򵥣̫ġ
˵һڳԷѾǳˣٵ飬Ͼֻ˺ɣʱǶӿտա
ҶɩշʱҶҶֵܶſڣ۰Ͱ͵Ķ棬ʱʱһ¿ˮ
ٷѵεζʱŨƮζŵͽ㣬˵Ĳ涼˳
ǺСĢزǴײˣһ׺͸׻ϵ׷Ҷ褳ԵͷҲ̧͡
ȫҳԵһ룬֪ǲΪ̫ȣ϶ǺˮҶ̫۳Ҷ϶ͷϵĺˮνæԵĲӹȥ
ϽҲࡣ
Ҷ϶ԺٺһЦҲòĨ˰ͼͷԷ
˶ܳԵģΪθڲãõ緹ȴȫǸԹˣһͶʣΪԵҶӿ˶Աˣʣµķ˲䣬Ȼشá
ҶɩǺЦΡ
ʱѾʱ֣¶ߵʱҶĸ£ȳĶȷ磬û첻˵ˡ
ֻ÷ȣϲñȥŲǣһˮˮҲȵģǱ¶˵ѾƵˬ
ȻкӵϽϴ
Ҷ褰۵ɹúͨͨģϴʱգɵ˻һҲ֪ô£ʱ̴ŲñҲû¶棬Ǳɹˡ
Ҷĸ֮ǰ͵ҩ࣬ڳһϸͿҶϣͿЦƤ̫ˣɹڣƵġ
⻰ҶӲͬ⣬ĸҲûôƯ
Ҷ⻰һûȣˤˣĵؿһ۶磬кƯݡ
ҶĪشûϣԴ˵˵ʵ۴ĸ㳤úãҿسǶûС
ҶԴЦҶӵļ磬ûǺӸ˵ʵ
Ҷεطۣ۳࣬Ǿ糤øã¡
СЦǴ֣Щп֣ůġ
Ҷ̫תͷͿ漴˵ͷˣѸҲˡ
Сϥ¾ֻһӣֽϸ껹С˹ʱһΣʱһ涼û
Ȼݣ߽Ӧġ
ĵʱͻȻţǸҵ淣һСҰӣǵעӣڵ˵⣬֪ҽӹô
ŶС˻Ȼ򣬡Ǽ޵¼˰ɣģͦã˵Ѿϲˣǻϲ
˿ϵӷ£ϲллժӣϴɸɾĶֱӳԡ
Ҷ̫ûֻܾǴóһԴĺȻ룬˸ˮ󵰣֮һݸ淡
ԭգܲסԼһŵζͿʼ๾ֻò˼¡
ŶûȥǷһ֡
Ҵ࣬ҲûǮʳսӣĸŮĸ˵ǳٵĶĻ
С˿뿪ıӰͻȻпǸúӡ
ɲǡҶ̫ϴһӣСԼ߰˸ͷСƤɫһ֪ζӦúᣬôʵĳʳû
Ӹһ˷һʣµǸǸСˡ
Ҷ褽ӹӣֻҧһھ˲䱻ᵹ沿鶼סˣģû³
ٳԵʱȡ˽ѵݿһﺬţ˱ֱûɶζ˲Žȥ
һʱǵæµȹ̫ûôɹ֮С˱ǣܲ³һٰɣʵڲ񻰡
Ҷ̫״æԸҶ϶ȥСһ̣
Ȼְ׼õʳŽ¨ֱһһ棬ɲ٣㹻һҳʮ¡
ҲСƴǣֵ˵ҰҰûз۶ǼҪġ
Ұۣ۸ɲͣҪռ˱ˡ
С֪ҶԸҪǲ£ǻеͷѱ¨ˣֻȴû
Ҳǳ֣컹ûأôͷ˼˶ĸҶ֣οһһصģԼʱ򣬹Ѿˡ
Ҷɩȷʵˣ˵һ¡
Ӳ﷭һ鲼ʳߣȻ¨װ˼ѲҶӣӲܴĿ¨װʲô˵ǰȫ١
Сƽҡ
С뿪֮û죬ҶɩҶҲһˣҶҴһ㣬ؼҵʱ¨װһ廨
˵廨ҲͷǰǴӺߵɽͻȻͷҰһһСӦһĸӣʱ磬ҶҴĴ񼸺ڼϢͷֱΧǽײûҶһҸŻ
Ҷ˼æȥ֪ͨ˴峤ټ˴ＸӴӴ屳ųȥﶼŸʽĹӺͿ˴˲˵
һȥͿͷ׳ҰŴΧǽײⷭغɫƤëʮֺʵ֮󣬴ͷǿֱ˲
ȻͷҰջǵǵΧ׷½֮£ҵȺ˱Ұ˳ȥڶ˵Сͷ˲û֮ǡ
ͷҰһԼٽͷʮңСͷֻʮɱÿһֵܷҰ⡣
ɴ峤˵Ĵ񻹶˼ͷ
Ҷһҷֵ廨ĽŹǡ
ȻֵǼ£ͬʱҲ¶һ£ɽĶΪѾʼɽܣֻͷҰǻӦȻ´أ׼ܻȺˡ
˴峤ÿһλᣬҪΧǽԱ߷ֱ¥¥ӣպÿҶҪһ¥ţΪһ飬žҪ飬Ҽһ£ɴӣԴʾˡ
ؼҺҶֵһ£Ҷȥţ˵ʵŲǸΣյĻֻ˵㣬ҶһҲδǼ¡
ȼ˿СᣬΧ۵Ҷ褳̾񵽵ʲô˻ϡ
ҶһתͷҶ̾ɵЦ£ͷССʲôɳģȥ￴ʲôóԵġ
ʱҶĸŹǣͷĴͷемСǶɶɹһ鿪ˮƲȥѪĭһŹζֺóԡ
ȥֻʣôһ㣬ûˣҲ֪ʲôʱܿʼˣճͶ档
һҶ̫ȼŻѽ˵ؽѣſһĵؽ΢΢üʳǲȱһЩɽ߲ѾԹˣȡ
Ҷڷϣ΢΢ŵ֭ʮֿθСϵԽһ㶼塣
Ҷ褳ųž̧ۿҶ̫߽һǳӣͣ죬̣ԷŹǿɺóˡ
ԣóԱͶЩҶ̫˵ĲɣһٷԵüģʱʱ뵽һĵؽѡ
˯ʱҶͷۼʳȱѾȴ˺õö࣬ģֻҪܳԱ͹ˣԺʱû
ҾǵԺһֱô죿Ҷ̫̾һ
ɶɵĵģһӶһѹӶܹȥҶͷ˵˯ɣһ纣ȥء


62 
, ҶҶԶΪһ飬ǽոţֻҪһʱԻࡣ
Ϊ¥ﶥ, ɹ̫, Ǻ, Ҷؼ֮Ӿһˮ΢ϴһϴ첻١
Ҷ̫ëݸ˵ǴʮǴһˣû뵽һһô졣
ҶͷЦɲ, ҹɵóԵõģϿ԰ϴϱ͹ˣν𡣡
Ҷɩ⻰ͷҼǵûмﻹһ⣬͸һһòˡ
ҹܵóԶٺõ, ϣи꾰
Ҷ˱õԸ, ʼ׼ϱǴżӿʼ, ĴҶԼдġ
ϸ, ڼּꡣ
˼, 䲻ҶͯǰߣҲƵϱʺīдһǴ´ࡣ
ҶѴϣ޵ۿɼԽдԽá
Ҷ褻ûػأҶͰͷ, ؿ䣺ɲ, Ҷ춼ڿ佱õѧ
أӵҶ϶ĵʣҶͯûп佱㣿
⻰, Ҷ쿴ؾǲ˷׷Ц
ڴſ괺ָԷֿȥ֣ЩҲҶд֣ɺɻóģϱī˳
ҶӿŸͻȻ˵һ䣬ճˡҲ֪ôӸ뵽ճġ
쵽ǹ꣬û˵˵ǽ껹ûճأҪһٵˡ
Ҷ̫պ⻰Ӧﻹвٻͺܿ
ˣҶӻһ
һӰûʲôרŵȵϳҹֻûСɽ䣬ϻһһ⣬ز˶ˬ
˵ǷʢȴҲȲȥꡣ
Ҷ褴Ӹ˸ճǣճȵմǺſʼԣζŴ𣬳Ⱥġ
̳һҹǵʣͷβ⣬ȫԵһ㶼ʣ
ճÿóꡣ
ճ극ǻûʼʰ꣬Ҷ褾ͿС׾̧ͷΧʳתȦʱ
ƣɶ°ôˣ
δ䣬ҶͻȻоЩ΢Ļζһ㶣Ӧ֮ż˴ˣܣ
ҶķӦ죬һѳҶ褣˾ܣ˴඼ûӦǵĶܳȥСҲ⣬ܵǸ
һʼֻ΢ҶпձܱߺԴѴˣûãоͱԽǿû˵רĳƽ̹ĵطȥ
ƽ̹ĵطã˵;Ҳˤ˺üأƽִԽҵҡҶ褽üͷһȴ²ںܡ
ʯ£ҶҶĸ§Ҷ褣˶ôִ£ֻݵĺ¡Ͳ֪Ķľֵĺ
Ҳ֪ǹ˶ãɵĶͣЪҶ褶˶ֽţԾԼûʲôˣ΢΢۾߿ȥֻƯŻҳնڸסˣĿһƬɵġ
϶û°ɣҶͷĻҳ߸Ҷϴһҡ
û£û°ɣҶ΢΢վҶԼվţԾͰȻҶĸĸ첲ͼ˻ϡ
Ҷ̫һҶæӹ۵شȫû˿˿
ʱҶ϶ҲˣһҶܳʱСˤһӵϸ첲ϿƤ⣬˶ûʲôˡ
⵽ô£Ҷϴż϶
¹ôˣϽȥΡҶַ̫˵Ҳ֪ۼҷûе
Ҷĸ˷סҶ̫ǵʣַˣ
ǸղӵˡҶ̫˳£
Ҷȥӭһ𶯣û˸Ҷʵʵһʱ䡣
һֱȵȥҶǲȲܳȥ
տӣҶľһҶҴ弸֮һķӶڵأмûҲѷ졣
п޺˳ŷ紫Ҷҧҧһ죬Ȼײײرܿ·Ŵ峤Сܹȥ
峤ש߷Ϊ̣Ǵûеķ֮һʱȫҶڷߣ޵ʮֲҡ
Ҷ峤Ҳ⣬˵ж᲻ᵯֻδĴڵϿ޵øγϣҶۿ΢΢졣
ûһ޺СֵĴ峤ϱһûֱӻ˹ȥ
峤ҵĴæӹ
Ҷ峤Ĩ˰ԸﵽϢһᡣ
ǵأ
Ǵ峤˻Ƶ͸żᶨ
Ŀͼ뿪֮תҶȥͳһ´ﻹжˡš
Ҷ̾߱ӣﵹǶ˼ңΪʱҼһڳҹڸܵеһ˲Ϳʼܣֻ֮һѹڷ
û˵׳걻Ҷ峤ѡǰžԮûܳĴ
оͱȥãչǡ
ҶҶ峤ڴԮʱҶϴҶ϶Ѿ˼ңǼҷ㹻̣˺Ժӱ⣬طǺúõģŶҲǣֻһֻȱҵˣһֻҵͷѾˣʣļֻѼҲŵòУڷɪɪ
ȫǻҳڵϣմĴױˤһģԭλŲλãѷ졣
Ҷϴ״ѵڵϵı¨˶ҳ֮װЩĶȥǳԵĺɣõë֮ģװЩΪʱôһӣ½
Ҷ϶ûһȥ˺Ժһطʳﵹˮϡ
͸ҿۼֻóɱˣ˵ֻҲ˶ˡ
ǲˣɣҹﻹ᲻Ҫûֱӻ
˺ܿɹʶһ˱һСƿשʯ߿ߡ
ʱＷµģ˵ڡ˱ڷµڿ޺ȵֱ˴
λ´ƽƽڰ˻Σûҩ£˿һҩۣľ̶˴
Ҷϴ֮ѿһߣСҶ̫ܸ峤һڴ
ԵͷʾԼ֪ˣȻӿ﷭ëûˮʸ֮Ҷ褵ϡ
ҶʱģΪĻҳЩؿƵۡ
Ҷĸ״ʱǵĲУʱʱ̧ͷλ´ûС
һС´հһ˵ĸ첲ľ̶סͿҶĸڳ֣߹ȥ
Ҷĸæ˵ӳʱˡ
Ҷ̫⻰ȴڰֵ֣û£ȸ
Ҷ褻ЩʶǸ˵ͿС´Ѿϣֻñ졣
С´ɫƽβſ˵⺢ӶԻҳֱҲûҩһԲÿɾĲڱǴҳһЩ
ȻָҶ̫ԭëþ
ҶĸС´Ľ飬Ѹɾİײ˺ϵҶ褵ĿڱǴҲ֪ǲôڣҶȷʵһЩٺࡣ
ʱǰôʱ䣬ѾҹﶯԽԽСܶ˶˯ˡ
ԣ˯һɡҶĸѵڵϣСǾܻؼҡ
ҶСɵЦֿһҳǲͣĿ
㡣ҶĸżæŵذˮҴ򿪣װŸİˮˮҴյҶߣι˵ˮ
ûˣոֻǲСıǺˡҶ褻ڰ˵ġ
ҶĸԵͷ§סһ£ĸ˯ˡ
֮ǰҶ褻ڵĽ᲻ڴ᲻ˣȻŸձ;ϵƣͨͨӿûʶξ
һ˯Ķ˿ûвֱҹһҶĸܵߵĿյʱҶ褲ѹ
ҶǺҴܹҶĸӹҶ褣˶úõľɿ
ôˣҶ̫ſյϴĿ޺ﲻɵ΢΢һ
˭Ҳ֪𰸣ûܻش
ҶǶ˶뵽Щѹڵķӵ»ûüȳĴ±۾
һſ˵Ϣɡ
û˯⣬ȫڿյֱڶ̫
Ҷ̫վһֽţȻϱһչ࣬һѺɣܹ֮󣬳һڵķ˲С
СչһֱõģһңϴɾֵˣЩӵ˼ʳòʱ˼һԡ
ɷǳճͱŴҧȥһ룬˶
Ҷ褴̵࣬Ȼʳܹ̼Ͱڡ
࣬ҶˮĨ˰˵ǽȥˣ˼ûȳ
ǴȽƶ˼ңסݣ̣Ҳ̮˼ҷֱҺҡ
ﵫû˵׳ֱŴ峤ҶʼˣҶңһµңüԸȰѶ
ãһ洫ϸҶæѶչȥϸ̧ͷ˷ܵ˵ˣ
졣ֽŸˣܿһڡ
Ҷ̽ͷȥֻһҳŮѹľͷķ£ɹ̫ë㶯˶淡
Ǹѹϣ˺ȻҶ°淴ӷﱧɫף΢ظʱС´ӹæʼΡ
深ȳֿ֮ʼôϣ
ҺһŵĶ˳ҲûȻġ

Ҷһɫվɽͷŷصȼһһ̣ɵۿᡣ
Ҷĸ§ļ磬һվһᡣ
εҶҴһ߸ĸյģյġ
ͻȻ˾һҶæȥֻĹǰҡ£ֱӵ˵ϡ
ְ˽ŵؽˮϣ˸ȷ磬Уòײѹ
ԱߵĴȰ㶼ҹˣȥϢһᡣ
ݲ԰ףТҳԿڸŮԳ飬ȥ֮һ
ҡҡͷ򴽵ҵڻڴţһ̵ֻˡ
Ҳǣ֪ȰסҲͲȰˣֻǽ΢չ֡
ȥ˶ҵģ̫ɣ˵ҲǼ¡
ҲŮҹǵýǳʣģ˵ʱֻɺʯͷˣǼ̮صĵطѹڷ±ߣʯͷãǽγһΣסˣɾûôˣľͷе˾ûˡ
̫ΪȽŲ㣬ҲûȻ
ĸŮǰԺιΪϢԱ⣬˶Ǻúõġ
Ҳ֪㲻Ƕж񱨡
֮Ҷ褿ĿĴϸüͷķôΧǽǰ޽ˣ㵹֮һд﷿ݣ඼סˣźúõģ˭Ҳ֪ػûб𻵣᲻סһͻȻˡ
Ҫⳡı˵ΣԭһLһϡ֣ټϴͨسǵ·һа׿ķ϶һСľ׵ȥʬ޴档
Ҳ֪Ρ
Ҷ뵽ӵϻͻȻһ˵ǰԤ׵ģǼѼѣҹУ͵ȣεʱֻСϸ΢ӦĶȴһûС
˼ߣ·ȴ峤Ҵ´ܣֳ̾ȥСľǴ峤Сӣ峤ϱӣԭͲ׳׷ͺڷ˵جģϴ棬ҩȲȥ̶̼
Ĳ´Ҳ޲ߡ
Ҷٴܸ̾оʱ̾Ѿˡ
Ҷ̫ڼʰӣҶ褽ţأ
үæţȥæˡҶ褻ش
үǸȳ˵ˣ˴ӷȳʱһϢûñȥˣҺôѪԵϵһ֧ģҶĸùȥæ
УȥϢһɡҶ̫˵ƿˮϵľ壬￴˿ֻͷˮΪ𶯶ǻǵģʱòˡ
ʲôҪʰֻ˵ٲɱ͸ˣ֮ǰɱֻû꣬ôȵû취棬Ǽת
Ҷɩ˸⣬Ѭ⣬Ҳ򵥣ֻҪòѬһʱ䣬γһѬ㣬൱ڱ㣬һܱܾá
֮⻹ҪؽݣĶƳ֮ܶ²١
ҲûкϢǰ쿪ʼˬѾƽ＾¶ȣٲٵˮ֮⡣
ҶƿߵǷ˯ܲҹǾѣҲ֪ǲǵԵʡ
ڴϣͻȻ뵽£͵ۣȻҪӣβֱӰˮ̶ǽõŴ׻ʯҽǿȱȴʯҽҪ󣬵ԶԶȲˮࡣ
ˮԭڶУҪȥѰңΨһҪĵľľ̿¶ȲҪҵú󿪲ú̿˳ٰ¯
Ҷڿռ﷭鼮ܿҵҪģ¯ϸͼֽ
һĿпȥȻμ


63 
ҶӴ֮, Ҷ褱ʮȲ˵ϣСȰȵİˮŵ
Ҷԭ̫⣬ԽԽ, ʵ⻽ˮĶ, ã
Ҷͷ, õŴ׻ʯҽĺǿҪöࡣ
Ľϣһֻ֣ľʯשߣľʵ, ַΪ֣Ȼ״̬µĳΪӹ̴Ϊ
ãǾһνˮࡣҶ˼һ
ˮԭϰʯʯճʯǰߺܺû, ʯеѵ, Ϊһ½ͭĿǲ˽˿ɵģǹӪ
ǴӱиȻ, ֻˮȴǴ´ࡣ
¾, 峤ҶŴ׳ȥһ˴Աߵ¶
չȥ۵ľ˶һ, ԭֻǵʯ¶ڵϣϸԵһ¶ʯռ˰£һ, ʯ١
ҶҶṩͼֽڵɽϴһ, ʵ¯, Ϊȷ¶ܴﵽȼ㣬ǻľʷ䣬ܹ¯ķ磬ȼ
ú̿ṩĸ£ĥʯʯճ¯ճΪϣȻʣķϻĥɷۣˮ֮ŨҺˮˡ
еµʱ䣬һ¯ˮ౻˽Χǽϣδרŵ˵ػʯ³Ϊԭϣǽķ϶Ĩˮ࣬ɹɺر̡
ԭΧǽȽϵͰֻŴΧһȦ½ΧǽǸߴҺʵ׸һ׿سǵĳǽҲʲôˡ
Χǽֻţǰ¥¥ţһԴ֪ͨˡ
޽ΧǽҶͨżż֪һЩϢ𾪣˵Χǵټֱӵ֮һƬ棬صĵطǻʹ˵ˣ͢ǶѾڡ
֮⣬Ʋ⣬ⳡȫΧģΪҼϷ̵Ļ͹һţ˵ǱҲ˵ֻûбôأֻ΢΢𶯡
һһؿҶ褰ŵ÷ŻŷȻԱߵľϻӣŽȥϻ·ŽȥȻװһ롣
ϻӷŻϣÿ߳ȥǼҵķҲˮ޽ˣӣ˵ǵҶǳ׺Сھסġ
ǼҺķ˼ľǵؽˣȡ˵ĽѵԭĵؽѱʵˣµںԺҪٷҲֻǺԺסǰţ޷ɱ죬һ˼ҾΪǰԺؽûںãһûӳ
µĵؽſںԺԭļﴦȻѾһľʵСݣľݵһ㵾ݣû֪±߲һĴĵؽѣǳȫ˼ʳ档
ԺЩ⣬һר޽ϴ跿ӵϣֻƽ״мһľͰǽϴһףùԱϴʱֻҪԱĻͿ˳ŹܵƮϴ跿һϴʱ򲻻ᶳûš
Ѿ·ˣ¶һձһոߣҶ޷ȥһû͵ʱҲʮȣҽǸȥһҲ֪ô¡
վԺ붫ʱͻȻ˽
Ҷ褷Ӧ֮æӦ̣ôˣ
Ҷ̫һͼ֣߳ѼСǼ͹ȥ
ҶСһһǰشģ˵سѾƲһˣǷ棬һ˵ģʱΪ̫ȣԺԵҹȫҶӹһ١
سǴһʱ䣬ֱȷ͢û˹ǣžȫҶͶҶҴ壬ؼһмּҵףȱʳټͷعøյģҶҴǵͶǽһּɡ
Ҷ褶ҶСüߣ಻Զ·ֻҪһСᡣ
ؼҷ½ģҶҵ˵ҪС֣סؼҼȴǴ´ࡣ
ڼſſϵļֵܸ́ͷͿҶߡæǰܹӹҶͣǴŽݡ
ôˡ̫䳶Цʵ
Ҷָָ˵̽˼Ҹһ㡣
һֵܾ˫۷ŹĶͣһǼȻʳȱȱⰡ
̫˱ûƾܣֻǴӼóһǵݸҶ褣˵ûʣЩǣȥԡ
Ҷܾûãֱ̫ӰֽŽ
ʱҶСñһСŮ߳С˫շۺ죬ʮѩɰ
ǹһҶ褾ҪµأģģؽеҪ籧
ҶСõСŮС椣طơ
ҶСü˱ЦǸ椿ϲˡ
ҶԲСȫ̱죬̺ġ
̫ѹӻ˳üӳԡ
ı߳Աߺʣأ
ҶӰҶ̾һشڵʦʦ֣Բ˯õģʦʦֵʱھǣҲ֪ôˡ
Ҳ̾һСӵûбȵµˡ
ҶؼҸСһᣬֱɫظǸؼҡ
֮ǰͱϴøɸɾĻҶϡ
صҸպÿҶĸк
һ̰ɫĸɢŨζϻƯŸݥͶϽ塣
ҶĸҨһ
Ҷ褸պһھҶ̫˵Ҹոȥ˿ۼʣֻĸˣҲֻ֪ܷ
ʮֻеġҶɩش
Ҷ̫̾ۼʣôֻˡ
ֻʣһĸѼʣĸһֻһͷ¿
Ҫ˵ҲˣֻǸǰԵһЩ
˵ҶͷǵأǼʮĶصĳʵڵͣҲ֪ǲֵġ
ǼҺʮĶָ˵ģʱ˻⻧ֻʣĻʣ뿪뿪ȥȥ˾ͿճʮĶأʮĶؼҹʱָǣôЩջ
Щѿʲһ룬ջʱղʳˡ
ֹһҳȫ嶼һׯ˲߲ݿŸأҲҲԭ
ҪǽֻһճɣҪսˡ
ɲǣҲ֪զˣôǲѿҶϴƵ˵
Ҷ룬ʵõȥ𣿡
Ҷش𣺡һǣһǰġ
粹ֵʱȫȥְɡҶȥܹǰӸӦѿʻһ㡣
⻰˲侪ҶˣҶϴͷֲͣŴȣôû뵽أǽбһˡ
ʱҲˣӶӡ
Ҷͷסôˣܣʲô˵
˵ڶһ磬Ҷ˾ʹӵؽ﷭ȥӣ򵥴䲹ֵԼû뵽ЩֵӾа˳ɶѿ
Ҷͷ΢΢¶ͷѿɵпúúã
˼ڷѾõġ
Ҷ峤˵ֻҪֵأʲô仯ܻȥ


64 
ҶӴӵϰһùβͲݵ, γ̾һ̾һȥˣ˸, һ·϶̾ٿ, ۲۰
Ҳ֪ʦʦôˣҶ˵ǵǺǳ¡
һһֱ̾Ҳûð, ʵʵظɻʦҪûµĻġ
ҲǡҶһ£ĹβͲµ, ֻԲݡ
ֻһһĸĸ򻹻С̣θڴ󿪣ʱ۵ĺݣ׷׵ͷھ׽
ٽ, ǲ¸ؼ, ջҶ˵ۼСˣ
Ҷ褶ڼ, ŵʮֻë޵Ļɫëߴߴؽл, ɵ
ʮ, ʮģʮ塣ҶɩȥһѾȻʮֻСѵãֻĸ, ʮֻ
Ҷ̫Це˵˱, ûµȥݵͷιС
ЩСжܴ, ιˮҪˮ΢һ㶼ϡһעûˡ
Ҷһ⻰ȥһˮǽ䵹ʳһᣬȻִ¨óһͷСݽȥ
ʳ˹֮СǱǵĽŲ쳤ͷյʳԱߣȲؿʼʳ
Ҷ̫˺οܳǸ
Ĵ󹦳ҲǸúýһʳʳ⣬һЩɺͻȳֻۣĸԵͷҲ̧
ϲСķʱû˴ŶţǰŷֻСҶͯϱϡ
Ҷ̫æ˵զǽѧʱͷˡ
ϰڰ֣һӣ׿ԽӣŶ򵥡
˵⻰־òŵĶ˵ҲɶöֳֻˣصҪҼӴ
鶼ϲģҶͯء
Ҷ̫һͲƾˣҪܾǸӵ鼮
룬ҶͯһҷֻС
ҼҵܾûˣƵ鷳ȼ졣֮ǰĶʮܾμѾˡ
ϵͷӦ£ǲż
ǼԭǲģΪѧ͹Ñ㹻һӳãֻֻʵģȥԼֻ̤ʵ
ҶһҸҶͯʮֻСĸСŸճǣҶԱȲؽǷŽﱧ˼ҡ
Ҷͯһҿ˼Ҳ½ŸֶǼҰæС󲿷˶ǼĵģĶȡ
ܿ˹ĴĸĿУԵø̻
ӾôţֱһΧǽͻȻһСôȫ
Ҷ峤ټ˴˵ÿᣬȵ룬ʵô񣿡
ӱȽϼҶ˨ȿڣɲܽǽ۴òƽЩҲ֪ɶӣǻ
Ҳ׷ͬصͷ
ҶͯǶˣƲĻ£ȴҲüȣü˵Ǽʮ
Ҷ˨һ˴⣬۴︾ô죿
ҲΪһ²ͼȰɡ
۵ʱҶͻȻüѵûзԳ񣬵ʮûһУȫ׳꣬Ҹ׳Ƕõӡ
ΪѵũôܲϼҴڣѲɼڵʱûˣ
ټȺȻȫ·ҲãҶ¥Ϲ۲ȴ¶ʮ־ǳԺúȺþԲ͡
Ļ˲ĴҶ峤ҶͯҶ˨ֱۣİ뿪
Ҷ˨ʣǲզ
Ҷ峤˱ۻش𣺡߾͸ǡ
˽ɢ֮ΨҶ
ðҶ˵һֱŲЩǼĻȻֻǽ뿪Ƹϲǡ
ҶҲͬĻĵǴþЩͽдҹɡ
ǴӴ׳ѡ//ٮٮߣԼжʮˣ׳Ҷ֮һ
ʮ˷Ϊ飬ÿĸˣ
Ҷ峤Եͷ漴źϧǿһȴûӦļա
ũӵܴ඼ֻһ
׺ݵҲ͹ˣôྫͨ书ˣ
Ҷ˵⻰ͿҶ峤ڴ͵Ϳ̹ĵʣĲû𣿡
Ҳʲô󲡣Ƿģú´ҲҶ峤ش
ɵע壬˵Сװɴ󲡣ǧ𲻵¡Ҷ̾һ֪峤޶Ĳ׷ͺڷ֮ʹ˳ܲ
һڴ£³̺ҶŸ뿪
ܿҶҴ嶼֪ߵ죬ټϴÿһʱдѲӣ϶⣬Ϊô঵ġ
ȻҶû뵽ЩȻһϾˣȻô˿ȴ߸ֲԤС
ôĲɵģҶ褿ϵľ²˶ϸ˿ˡ
ҶŷӦľ²˷Žü˵ҲЩ񡣡
˵Ҷ褵ļ磬Ҷˡ
ҶȴˣôǶģ¥ϷڵҲܷɣһֲԾ͵ôڡ
ҶͷŵҶ褣԰οһ䣬Ҳ̫ģ۴½Χǽûܷ
׸ߵǽҪܷǽʿˡ
˼Ҹû͵͵ΧǽֱӳŴŶĻ賿ʱִʱҺõ¥ŵҶһ϶ûۣ³¡
һۿɢʱ򣬾æҡѸҶ¡
Ҷ±ûߣֻڱĿһܵҡαѹæѭҶָ򿴹ȥֻǰڵҹɫ½½ֻӳճӰ
ĵһ¾Աߵ죬ʱʹӡ
Ҷԭ˯죬Ȼһɲǣξɢˣ͵ۣ漴ﴫļͣͬʱżٵĽŲ
·´ſڴβСףָȥһ㶣С֪ʲôʱѹģͨ͸ɫܿ۾ֱֱǰţƺǴſڡ
Ҷ褴СƿţӭײϣһСܽݣʱˣҶ褻һ飬ȴ
Ҷĸ϶ʣȥ˴ڡ
ǵǣ˭֪ᷢʲôһô졣
Ҷͬ٣Ͼ˶ڴڡ
ھ¶࣬ȻǣȴҲɵطԸô࣬Լϵãʵʵڼ
˷׷׵ͷӦǡ
ͷҶǱΧǽ˶ţҶ˨ʹһɫ
Ҷ˨˲źۼ΢΢ͷ˺ҶҴ嵽кĿģ
˵ĿȻһ۾ܿҶҪֻһ
˵վǰǸĵһӦȻ󿴣ҶһסվǸ۵Сӣ˹Ʋͷġ
˹ЦĻѣֻҪʳ׸կǹ˳Ƕկ׼ǳĺġ
⻰һ¥ҶҴ˶һۣ״ûˡ
Ҷ˨ЦһҪǲͬء
Ǿͱĺˡһ˵
ҶҶļ磬ѹ/һսǱز١
͵Ĺ˵£ؼҸͶĵһ¾/˵ʵ治Ǿľѡľĺɫľϴа˪ӣĹ/ȼãʮ㡣
Щϸ˵㲻ͽֻѺܱ߼СӱΪû赲ǣû뵽һγɽߵ壬ڿ¥һѹ/ʱ򣬲ɵÿʼ˽
վǸС˶ˣǴӸСдҶҴǳĸԣڵǰʹʳҪկδü궼Ϊʳˡ
û뵽ҶҴ徯ľȻôǿһ㿪ǽȥʳ񲻾ֵȻǸߴΧǽǺ϶ǵԤϡ
˫ţͻȻһҶһǰ¶ʱȴȻɼ֡
һԼжʮˣͷľȻʦԱ߻żһˡ
ǾȻʶҶ˼
ʦ΢΢ͷʾ⡣
ⳡջûб⣬һг䶨ʱɫѾһƬǽ壬ʮ׽Ķһʬڵϡ
ֻ߲ˣ첲Ѫֹƽأλ´ƣôǱסһ
л˵
ԭѡ//͹/Ȼpbc


65 ط
Ҷ¥, ˵ļһļ磬ôһˣأ
һȭ˵Ҹʦһ·ģǶҪҶҴ, Ծͬ, Ҽү, ںѹܵ
Ǽ¡Ҷϲɫ˵
ʱҶ˨ڵվˣȽ˵
֮Ҷ۱², ǸСӱУҶ¶עһˡ
Щ²ʱѺڿõҶҴﲢûóѶˣڼһмͨ˵±㽻ǡ
Ҷ峤һ϶û, ⲢΪ, 岻ֲˣú, ´˵þ, ҪȻʱ޶ˡ
Ҷʦͼһǰõõ, Ȼʮ˸ס£ֻίʱסһ䡣
ҶȺϢȻȥһ˴峤ңʱ峤Ѿۼ˴˵ϻˣλϺҶͯ
峤, ӽ, ؿ˵ڵѾû취峤, ϸѡһܴǴǰߵ˵峤֪ʲô
λֵܣͲ£峤ĻҲֻǶһۣʾԼû
Ҷ˨Ҷ֪֮ͯǲʺϵ峤㶼ҡҡͷ
ǴɶԴ峤λΪ⶯Ȼ£עܵϴ峤ϾﵽҶҴ塣
Ƿʱ򣬴峤ðײѷοȳҶüͷ΢壬ϵ˱ˮݸ
峤ӹûкȣ˻ƿڣҾټҶϽδ峤λá
ҶҲҶʵﶼˣҪ֮һ˽δ峤ǷҶĪ
峤Ļ֮һ׷׿ͬ
Ҷƴ䣬̧ͷȴ˴峤ƣɫذƴ֮ȥ
峤ű˵ûбʺϽδ峤ˣȹЩˣֱɡ
áҶ̫˵Ưȴ¶ģһҪҶҴĴúûȥ
һ˵£ҶúúǵǴ֪Ǵӵģ
Ҷ˨ͬɲǣҲ֪կﻹжˣҪѰǸô죿
ѾȥˣǾ͵ǵĽɡҶش
⣬һ䣬ŽĶʮҪڴ𣿡
֪ҶҡҡͷҪڴһʱ䡣
룬ֲԴʳ
ߵЩΪʳ
Ҷ⻰˱ֻҪǳʳͺã֪ҵʲôʱԼԼʳʡųԵģһֻ٣˻ĳԸɷûĳϡٷֳȥһء
Ҷ뿪֮ǰصظ峤һȻȥ˰÷²ķӡ
ҶǱߣʱҶʦǰ˵ߴߴĸСƵġ
ʦʱĶ
ʦȫƣҶ褿εӺǰһǡ
ھ¡ھ֣ʦۺӿʼ䣬ǳضǶûϣ˶ûܳܳҲûãǶȥγһ޴ӡ
Ҷ˶ƵţҶɩǴ𶯻ء
Ҷ褸оĵԼֻңھǵģʦоżˡ
ʦ̾һȥһ˺ںسǣＸƵһƬ棬ͷһ˶ûУӦǶ뿪ˡ
Ҷͷʱ廰ʵ׼𣿡
ʦͷҪǲĻԱʳڴҲûطȥھûˣҲûˣҶҴ嵹Ǹĵط
˻û˵أҶӾͻ
ǿɵýٷӣôЩءҶͷͷ˻һ˵
ʦʮˣ¡ݵĵӣʣµ¡ھֵʦ
˾ȵھֵͷһŮӣʱŮжҶ֪ģŮӵڸǲסģλͷŮӣʦʦ㣬һͷھֺ¡ھ־ǰʢ˼֡
ʦ֮ǰһֱû˵ֱʱſڣӲʲô⡣
ܵͳѰŮӶЩƣĴԡ
Ҷͷḷ́˵յز٣ͷȥطɡ
ʦ˵ֵ꣬һˣ˵ҼүʱҲҶҴ壬߳ʵǲ̫ȫүڳ
ҲʮֱӼһŵʮ
áҶͷӦһȻп䣬Ǵ˿ԽԽˡ
ʱԼṩʳҶ褼ҺҰһʳʢܳ㡣
ҶĸæؼҳԷͷҶ褲ڣƵʣأ
ҶϳԷСŮҶĸʻջߣشȥˣ˵Ҫ
ҶĸģֻҪûɶɵĵģصҶɩʼԣҿӸͦϲġ
ʦֻһŮ飬ǹüĿ㣬ӿʡ
ǵһμĿĳϲϲӼãˣֱҡҶɩʮϲġ
Ҷ̫ҲЦеģͶ󣬽ǶӴӴ
˵ҶӣҶҲˣͷ࿴Ҳ֪ϲʲôġ
ҶҲʮˣȢʵѾٵģǼҺӲ඼ͳ׵ģûʲôϵ
Ҷɩȴ̾һǳˣֱǻûϣ·ϿͬĹﶼĿбӡ
ǴһŮк٣ܳ׵ľ͸ˣҶͬŮյģһǱյģŮ˶ýףӵŮڵǰҲ£Ҷ̫Ҷų׵ܾˡ
żڴ£ͬһ𣬳ܿϡҶ̫˵кǴһ𣬻ԲǼ֡
Ǳı߰ϴɾڹ
Ҷĸ߶һ䣬Ҳ֪ûеȵ
Ǿ߶ģҶŽվ¥⿴ΧǽѪ¶ţ˴Ŀġ
ҶôԶŵѪѬ¡
ĿԶûһͿԶģӰЩ߽۾
磡Ҷ˷ܵشк
ԭƣ֮ɫŨأһҶ褵Ͳɵ¶һĨЦ⣬˲
褡˼ӿ˽Ų
ԽٽڣԽŵŨѪζһݣŵһ̲̲Ѫҵĺۼｹ
صשʯŸձҶԶƿҶ褱Ȳܳӭǡ
ʲô𣿡һ߽Щǵʡ
Ҷ褻ش٣ʦǣЩ˸²ˡ
û¾ͺá˿
ǣҶ褵ָָ¿ŵİ峵͵Щʳдۣһֽģóԡ
ν
ʳ⣬о֮ġ
Ҷ褶˵۾ȴҪƥͷˡ
ƥ͹ˮģһƥɫһƥɫԵر񿥡
״΢΢һЦɫƥһ𣬺ɫƥҷ磬һĸֵͬܡ
ŵͷҽ
Ǿô˵ˣҶСĴָСĴָϵһ겻䡣
䡣˵ĴĴָһ
ʱҲסڿõķֻ⣬Ҷסһ
ܿǰ˾ͻˣûʱϢץʱʰӺãҪȻûطס
Ҷ褼°֮Ҷĸ˳һǰϽЩ
ûӹӾͷ棬ĶѸȴֲʧţˡ
һ涼Եøɸɾ
Ҷĸ۵ЩԣﻹС
˵һ·ǳԵĶǸɱӺɣζȲ˵ҭûš絹ʡ
Ҷ褵꣬ʣһ·ʲôûУ
˼ش࿤ضһ֮ϣǷ棬Ҫǵη˸ı䣬ƽԭƽԭɺӺӺɺԿݽߣҪǼֶóҲ궼ҲҶҴ·
ⷬҶ˼룬ȫΧĵֻеĵط𼶵ͣеĵط𼶸߰ˡ
ˣǱô࣬û¾ͻ˯һ˴ҹҲһҹû˯ɣϽȥϢ
Ҷĸ̸ôصĻ⣬Сӣ춼ôҲ˯ž
Ҷ褱죬˳Ҷĸߡ
һݾ͸о仯Ĵ󣬿һϯȥġ
ȷʵһҹû˯ʱڴϣҶ褣˺ܿͻ˯ƽȵĺҶ褱۾һͬ˳ξС
л˵
˷¹æˣ֤ոʵûʱİϹ¡


66 
Ҷ˯һʱ, ѹʱѾûˣ۾´ճžͿҶĸˮߡ
ˣϽϴ
ľˮ˯ɢ, Ҷءһ, Ȼʵʹ𣿡
Ҷĸͷ, ش𣺡ˣ岻̫ѾϢȥˡ
ô£û´Ҷæ׷ʡ
˵һҹû˯ƣЩֵ, ˯һҲͺˡҶĸϴѴߵëݹȥ
Ҷ褽ӹëɾŻȥ
Ҷĸ֮ǰһ䣬㡣
ݴʱˣ翴Ҷ褹, ԼԱ, ճλ
һһۣ˵կһЩ޼ҿɹۼһ𣬴඼ʶ, ҳƲʲô, ²ļկȫ׳, ǹȥʱկѾȥ¥ա
ȥѶ²΢ˡ
ҶΣʵǴĶ֪Ǵģ
Ҳһ׮£Ǵ˺ʯ, ӺʯѯʳԣЩĴ, ҶҴǵһֵĶ, ǳɹǻ;ɽ塣
ֱҶɩҶɩڴӣںʯҲһΪԣĴӣ٣žسǽӹΪ
ѶǰҶҴǵǺݺ˿Ǿĺרҵ˿ܣɵȴûʲôֵúµġ
ҶͬˣϢɳ˼֣Ȼͼ˵δ峤һ¡
Ҷͷһ٣˵˵Ǻ°һ֧ɺܾû˵ϴ峤ˣ
ΪǼһ֧٣Ҷͷֻ֣겡ţϥŮ൱ѾˣֵӣֻƫģѹСӲӣСһ֮뿪ӣôЩ궼û
ҶҴδ峤Ҷͬһ֧ģҶǼһ֧δ峤һ֧Ҷͯһ֧Ҷ˨Ҳһ֧⣬мһΪףڴҲ˵ϻ
˴峤Ժú츣ӡҶͷеϺӡ
İɡҶʵСǸˣҪҲ͵͵ۺҽ£лᵱϴ峤Ȼôǹøá
Ҷͷ˽Сӣ⻰죬ϲɫŻͷø㣬Ϣ
ﻹһֻȣǼ˫ϲţҲȹˣֱӸǿ˳ԣҶ̫һᣬȻ˵
Ҷһ̣ȥ㡣
Ҷĸ
һȶ˻һʱֱȫζʱҶĸһǩϵ²̶¯ϣû˿
õһ뽴֭ݸҶˢˢȥԶˢ㣬ζá
ҶӹˢĨһ㽴֭дζɢŵɵǣﰵ¾ԺҪѼʳնѧᡣ
õϸ壬һ㱡ǽ֣·ڴݼԾ
Ҷģ˺ü顣
ȻôóԵ⣬Ҷȴãճһһء
ҶϴʱһסҶһ
ôˣҶɩٵʣǲǳθëҪȥ´һ˰ɡ
Ҷڣ󾢺󣬲ſ˵ûɶֻһʱûӦ
ûӦʲô
Ҷ褵һӦ뵽սֱǵ϶һ̲̲ѪŵǹѪŻ֪սж༤ң˵һѪģΪҶֻǸʮ꣬ôЩҲɱѼһʱ֮ӦҲǼ¡
Ҷ̫˵̣ɣʢ̲˳
Ҷ̫ܿ׹æصУϴϱȴźݣ͹ȥ
˻֮Ҷͷ̾һ
̾ȴû˵ҶӴ˳ˣǵÿЩӦԺѪ²١
ҲףֻҶԼȥ
ǼвϹսˣҶǣʦ϶ѪҶ̸һΣû죬ҶӦʼˡ
ڼҶҶ˨żһȥһ˶կկڵԭһƫƧĴӣҲ֪ǲܹϣչȥͷկѾȥ¥գеõĶû¡
һ˻شһ¾ѷ²˶ɱʵ²˵òᣬѾ˲ˣʣҲһϢ
Щÿ϶մһҶǶʱûƵ䣬ûǵʬճ˻ҡ
һµʱһ䣬Ȼ˸պķ˿Ŵ٣ǿɲһɡ
ڴսյʱҶ峤ȴ˲٣ټȫĴ˴ᣬҶҴһδ峤Ҷϡ
Ļ˲һ񶼳йҶϵ飬ԶĲ˵͹֯ˮ࣬ҼһãҲֻǾһᣬܿƽ׷ͬҶϽδ峤
Ҷ˵ʲôƯʵ£ڽδ峤֮ĵһ¾ʦ̵һЩ似
Ϊʦһ˿ڴˮӣȹһʱ䣬ǻԴӴϼĶسȶ
ʦʦʦһᣬûþͬ˴¡
Ҳߵѵܹ似ǱȲʦʦҲǡ
ҶԴ˺Ǹˡ
ĽսɢõϢǴǿʼʦǡ
Ҳӵʱ򣬴ֻҪһпоȥæǵİºܿӾͽˣֻҪͨ绻ܰȥס
Ӷ޽Ҷ褼ҸҪɽϽõĵطĴ㹻ӣټʦȰú֮ȥɽԣȻԽԽá
ʦͽסһʦŮʦסһʣһӾµʮס
ȷȫ޽õʱѾʮ·ˣȣ˶ϰ¶ȡ
Ҷ褲ιķӡ
Ӳ̫󣬳һסһ⣬һ䣬é޲ӦоУɫǽĨһˮࡣ
˵⻹һμˮ࣬Ķѵ˾ȵҶ褿ӲɵЦ
Ժ˵ˮɱԭõĲҪʵöࡣ
öǽѾ͸˵ˮ޵Ҳ֪ôġ
ˮʵҪľһ˿УҶͨ׵ķʽץУ˵ǵøл鼮ռ䡣
۾˵ˮ໹·պˣڴһˮ·ȷְȫ
ˮ·Ҳܰгֳˮ·ԽԽԶͿԳΪһͽͨߡ
ֻҶ褵ԸδһһܹʵԸ
ؿӦһ𡣡
Ҷ΢΢һЦȭײȭһΪ


67 
ҶҴС, ʱʱܿһʳĴߣ½½ģ˶ˡ
ҲȥʦǶԣҶ˨һתͷߵҶԵ
ҶԸ˵ػش𣺡ǰ, ˵δŴɽ, һͷҰһֻ򣡡
ôﵥԼ϶ǳԲ, ôȵŲסҶʹڴﱳһСӣǿʹȡĶʳ߾
Сʱ, ֻӣѾϴõĴ⣬̫ǰѡ
ŹǰɣҪִġָʵͲ˵ͷҲȥͷȡ
ǿӵҶĸЦ, ʱÿ, ϴοֻô㡣ǰȻһ£ھܿдĹͷˡ
̵̫˵ǣ֮Ϳʼҵ, ȻǳüΪ׳ʵ, , һǵøһ̸⡣
Ҷĸͷİɡ
ֽİŹϵý̫Ȼִӻ̫ӹһ棬ǽɡ
̫֮û뿪ǿչڼϵƤǺƤ
ǰ, Ҷĸû˱, ÿֻǴͷ, һûУһ׺ˡ
ȷʵֻôȣƤëؼҲûô̫ͦϲǸƤģ˵ؼòϱ˷ѡ
䣬ֱŸԸ
Ҷ褴ҶͯǶ뿪ʱɫ߸һĻƣûĻһꡣ
ջصҾҶ²ظһ˵ɽĸǰһˣܸһأ֦ҶïģЩʼɽӣɽдУһȥܿɽɽãֻһǾˣɽϾȻһСƬҲ֪ǲΪǳҲǼ£දﶼҪȥˮֻ·ϲü壬ܲ֪һִһֻɽ
ʦɽʱصشҶӣСͽܣȻѧʱ䲻ǴȥҲǺõġ
ԴҶȥһɽԾԼڲͬһֹ˵ҶǶûŹҶ˺ü飬䶼ˡ
һȻҲ⣬ȵķ꣬Ҷӵ߶߶ûס˸ۣ߻£⻰˵ǧ˰ٱˣɽȱʦȣܼ©
Ҷ⻰ڵһ죬ڣզ֪ģ
ʦָҵġһһۣô˼鷳
ܰҾʡҶʦ־ӣʦ״ӼҲֻĸдʦټȥϱߣβö֪ʦºͣҲ£ֻʦԿȴǼʦٵġ
Ҷ褱Цֽ㶷һ裬Ȼգգʾ磬ܿҪϲˡ
ԺòƶԶԷ˼
һʮ꣬ҸԼϲķܱäƼúá
˵⻰ָпʱ찡
䣬磬㣬˾Ҫ˵׵͡
һͶɻͬһ˳ĺʱڣһ˳ĩ
ǼҵĺٶҪʮٳף˴⣬˵ǻҪٵϼꡣ
뵽ʱЦ˵ǵóʱ㻹С
ҶҲʱ£ҵһۼ;㳤ã˵䲻ЦĻʱһźԺټ㣬뵽Ȼסͬһ
иزĵܵܡ˵ﻳʱҵڴ̣߳ʵǲȫͱ͵֣Ұ̥Ȼ̥¾֣һŶû͹ǡĸ˫
һ˵ԼΪεҪھǣΪûиһȥ֣ңȻ֪´Լ֣޹أȴѽܣοߵĴѾ߿е֪֣ΪԼǰ;δﰲ̥
Ҷû뵽羹Ĺȥס֣οȥˡ
ǰȥˣ֣Ѳ֪ںδ
΢΢һЦΪأ㻻˸⣬㲻Ҵһ̿ɺã
Ҷ۾һܿź˵ǲУɫǻꡣ
Ǿ͵ȵ֮ͣ󡣡
ڶչȻҶ˵峿ʼ꣬տʼϸ꣬žͱưô꣬˶ⳡ˼
ҶŴɵô¶һֱûнʮ£һ¶ȼ½У¶ֻʮˡ
Ҷ̫Ҳ˵£ֳһ·ϣ˻һڵˣҲ֪᲻ѩ
˭֪ⳡǼߵ¶Ȼǽ
ʱҶ϶ߵĴ꣬˼˵ʱʺϲ㣬ҪҴȥһ֧ܲӳԡ
ָ֧ľǵ֮һСӴӱӼ
Ҷæ첲Ҹһȥ
УϽ£ȥҶ϶˵ܿʹҶȥ˺ӱߣҵһðݵĵطŽȥ
ٹȥʱѾ㣬һ㣬ÿг˫쳤ǰ㳤ֵһ£ʮﲻֹ⵹Ҷ϶֣ͽϴҲۣһֻʮأĿԳƵѵһˡ
ؼңҶ̫ҲĿɿڴû뵽ܲô㡣
Ҷ褰룬Ķƺʼ֮ǰҰͻҲǰҪһ룬ͷСţƵģɽɽҲˡ
Ǽһٿ϶ǳԲģҶİ壬˳ԣʣ㣬һԺĴˮУƻ죬һ͵ǰδ峤
˳֪ͨ˿ȥ㣬Щջ
һõϢ˾ͶڼҴסˣ׷׽Ų㣬죬ȴͻȻ
ҶȥԷǻ֮΢΢Щ㽥Ũζ¯Ϸůͷβ̰ɫʱ򽫵ȥȻ˳ƬƬӽȥֱཹཿʼðݣ׼õʳľͿԿˡ
˳Ƭ۵Ķĸ񣬻и־̹һζˬԵðЩˮ
극һϣһЩƹƤӣҵģҲеʵģǺöˣƳ·
ʵʹͣҶ̫ƾܣʹãʵ۵ʹôˣ
ȴ˵ûлʵۻ˵أ°ɣҪҶ˼Է
˵˵žЦˣһܸըˡ
⻰ֱһμһʱ˼ˮ֪ĹﾹȻֱȼ˻棬ҪǵʱҶǶЩˣҲ֪ǻ᲻ѼҸˡ
Ӵû˸üһǽʳʦǴҶҳԷ
Ҷ̫ջûŤ磬ǡӡ
ϴ򿪰ǲ֪澹ȻװƤӣÿŶ͹ˮģܿƽ˵ռѣƤӷǳһ׶ûУɫȳҴ
ҶĸֵһƤǺöǰЩۼƵҪõöࡣ
Ҷ̫ӻۼҵܸרƤëĽ˱ȰϽˣȻͷпٷƳ·
һëպãԭҶ̫òˣû뵽ǣⳡ˰£֮ͣûֿ̫ʼƮѩ¶һӵ¶ʮȡ
Ϊ¶ȵ̫ˣҶûзӦѩĵҹ
Ҷ褰͸оԼģԴ·һСڲͣңһ춼ͷѡ
Ҷĸ״ļˣæȥ˺´ϳĽЩ纮ǰס
´˸ҩȻҩȥ˯һҪܷ֤õòˣҪϷ˼ǵѰҡ
һҩֿ֭Ҷűӹȥֻɬ
Ҷĸݸһ̸⣬ѹѹζɣˢˢϽȥ˯
Ҷžҵͷϴ꣬ջӾͿѾһʵޱϱҲ
˴Ҷĸˮŵס
ȻĵҪ˯һɡ
ûµȹҩҸо˲١Ҷ褴Ƿ˯˵
Ҷĸֻý͵ƴٵعš
ȻҹҶ褵Ĳȴûתҩûпסķ纮˯￪ʼشӣײһ𷢳⡹ΪξһֱѲ
ҶҶĸһ϶û˯ţʱʱҶ褣ûþͷ֢״Ҷæȥ´Ҷĸǵȼ͵ƣ֡
ҶҲҶ̫·ȹҶյͨۼˣԸˣȥպˮ
Ҷɩܿһˮˣպú´Ҳҩš
ҶѾ֪ˣֻ֪Լﵽⶼǹ̵ģܸо˸ιҩȴʼ޷ѹ
ٴѹʱѾǵڶˡ


68 
Ҷֻоȫ, ֽͬʱһҲûУ۾ֻڴ, ۿġ
ȵˮҶĸѹæӺﵹһˮ, ι, 㣬ż
һˮ꣬öͷҶ褵Ķͷо¶Ѿ, ˿ʵԶ¯ż˿࣬Ҷιһɡ
Ҷ褶˶ʹ壬ڣԼԡ
һڷ˻һºʹ, Ǳ巢, ֻҪ֢ȥĲ
ں֮ǰȵóҩҶѾܾûȹôҩ, űһҩ, ȻŷθǸû, æһ׼˿ࡣ
˿ǰһûζǳ԰ǳԲȥļ˿͸ոպãκͽƬ, ŵζ, ϰ׻İ׺ϸļ˿ܲ˿Եʮζ
һСθ˲, ҲЩҶԼͷϵ¶ȱҪϲ٣ʹѾʼȬˣֻ廹Ҫʱ޸
ҶĸϢ˯ܺõø죬ԼǴһչҶ褱߷Ƥ
Ƥ˼Ƥëʱ󱳲Ƥëֳɫʰɫ˶죬ȫɰɫҲֱΪƤȻҲɫ
ɫ߹󴿽࣬ټëϸһ£ƤƷƤӴǻʵ۵ʹ͡
Ƥ󣬵ҶһСȴǴ´࣬Ҳ֪ǲΪҵ¶ȣ˶ȵĸ֪Ѿˣ֮ҶֻҪһСܳţҶ褲Уʮηùʵʵſԡ
һëƤҶӻ·һƤҶ·ʣһʱҶ̫ţպ˭õȥ
ëǳһǳɫĳУƺõСƯֱůҶ褴֮󲱾ΧһȦɫϸëԽĵһСӨ
֮ЦųޣҵһۿƤ;úʺ㡣

ĿԳƵһ޳ԭ˰µֿ꣬ʼѩҶ̫ΪˣȻҶ֮ͻȻҫ۵̫޼ɵɢ
ҶæѼϴϴɹɹҪȻٿʼѩ´ɹҲ֪Ҫȵʲôʱˡ
ȥһɽǽɽİӺӵɽժЩһװӣȻҶͰƶõķ䷽ʽɽƽָ˴˼ҡ
պѵ֮ҲʦһɽԣԵĶͬᰴӦķ䷽ʽз䡣
ȻԸ˿ܲƽȴǼƽ⣬˴˶ͬ䷽ʽϾһٵЩһֲһһǹƽ
Ҷ褼ĸ˶ȥɽժǼֵɽ٣װһ𣬶һֱ֡
һִԼʮɹҶɩ̫ϻʱ򣬰ѳȺɫϴȥƤԺŵĵɹʮ죬ʮ춼ʵĺһֱɹñƤ΢ʱ򣬾ͿԷˣһɹɣԼӱɹ΢һˮݣƤǸ͸ģʱҪڲ
ɹõԷֻҪõݰסͿԱܾãҪעϳֵİɫùһС˪
ƤҲӣͬɹɺ󣬿Էڷ죬ͨ㣬ȽⶾĹЧƣȻǼ˺кʱ
һǱʱɶӳԡ
ڳӺͿӶζҲǲѡ
ùҲ˹ӣѾӦߵεӺζãֲǡôöƾͺζˡ
ΪϽĹӱҪ֮һԼֳԲ꣬Ҷ̫Щˣ硢ʦҶСһҡ
ˣʣ²٣ҶĸԭȵķһЩӺչͷڵؽ
ÿҶ褺ҩҶĸῪһմɹޣӺˮ졣
Ҷ褸ճһӣͿҶֱֱ룬ʿˮ
ĬĬİݸһԡ
ҶӼ˱߸˵ؽӹ룬˷ʳһӺˮ
Ҷ褻ûȬںҩʱƽڸס̫ѩˡ
ⳡѩƵǵأһ¶ûͣҶֵֻðŶëѩŲѩԭһǺúõģȴû뵽һͻȻСȭͷôı
ⳡһ£ҶҲʱ˵ľ
ѵѾּҵҶһңʱҶԺѩȻѾоϿʼ±ˣտʼʱֻСԺֻʣһСطûˣûлݣû뵽ǱԽԽ󣬵ȭͷСıͷϣһֱӰҵڵ˹ȥεǰϱԺĶǮƿ֮һ۾ͿѪѩ㡣
˲һоǼҸھӡ
Ҷ˨Ҷ˨ҶӶľܳճͿǰ΢΢һ㶣ҶͷѪȾ˴Ƭѩ棬Լɫ
صҶæȥ´ԼǺҶϱǮһҶ̧ӡ
Ҷϼֻϱһˣ֮Сֻꡣ
ڿǵͷѪʱ򣬾ͱŵúޣҲǮҪչɷҪ庢ӣ޲ðԼʹ
Ҷ˨æӽݡ
´ܿ춥ŷѩͱϹظҶΣҶϱҵЩأ¶ȵͣ˿ڱסˣʧѪࡣ
߰ҩҶ˿ڴ̾˵Ҫѹ˿ھûʲô󰭣žˣҪһֱԡ
֮˶ףҪûѹһӶѲˡ
ǮʳҶ˨״̰οɵóסˣ⼸նÿ㣬Һ´˵ֻҪѹͺ𣿡
ǰҪæ־ˡҶҸ˵仰Ϳϱݺݵһۣʱһ±ƣȻּˣӳ£æѵǼ£
˵ͷչ˸Ҷ˨˵ߺݺšһԼɷ
⺩ֱĺĺҶһŵ궹ӵ¸ܵǹϵãּ֮ﶼûסǸܵסһ𣬼ҲҲûֵ٣ɴ˿ɼǹϵ֮Ӳ
ǮĨ˰ᣬллл
´ҩ£ȻȥڷҩϸǮϵҩҪһһڷҩǵÿˮ塣
ֵҵҶڵ˹Ȼȴ˺֢ﳣѣΣۻ΢һͷεǱסһ
Ҷϵ¸˴һʾû˸СÿŲѩʱʱעգһֿžµıǾܡ
ҲҶ褲ɵò֮⣬ؽӵʱ򣬴˼ңǮûǮģ޵ʯͷݶ˶סµҪ֪ԭéݶ෿Ҫҳ
סķӹһ٣غͲȴҵÿӿݣǲ裬Ҷ褼ңûüİײҶӱҵ䣬Ҳȫǿӣֻгڵµĺܲûܵݲˡ
ЩǱҵģʰʰܳԣײ˳ûϽˣȥƤƬԣԵҶӶˣ˵ۼһжٶϰɶʱܳꣿ
Ҷ̫һڶϳ죬Ȼһ۵еĳԾͲˣզĵģİɣ˽ҲûóԣʣµҶͳȥˡ
о仰û˵һ˵Ƕˣײ˶ٳҪԲ˾ֻܳԻ˺͸ĢȣʱҶӿ϶𶬹ϵζ
Ҷ̺Ķ첻ɵЦ뵽Ļ𿻣ʵҪԵʵ߲Ҳ򵥣ֻҪڿЩˡ
ǻƹϡˡײ˺С֮ģڻûס˵Ŀ϶ѻѬڵģȻЩ߹ֻҪڽˮá
ԭҶ̫ûֳû뵽ʱţиָСñģԲεģ׷д̵ҡҷˣڿĶ˼¡
ĲҶʢ𿻣۵Ҷ̫ܿ˰ײҶӣдĴָǰˮСƹϣþˮϴɾʢԱһƶ󽴣һ߲˵պ˳ԾǼζġ
Ҷ˱Թƹûлƹζʱ֪ʲôûлƹζֱճԵ۵Сƹ˲˼ƹϵʮŨǵһ绹û׳أҧȥʱ·һˮˡ
ٹЩӣͿҶӳˣֻҪŶε߹߲ܳԺüء


69 ̶
ǼڻֲһϳԵͷ, ˼ӵĻҲܿ߹߲˵ӰӣҶ褵Ҳ⣬˰ײ˺Ͳ, ЩѾ΢΢, ˼ɫ
ҶҴŵʱ, Ҳ׷׺Ҷֲ̫˵̣ģ˭ʶһһʮĸǡ
ȻֲȴֻкôҲ, ǷѲ̣Щ˼Ҹ߹ԼҴĲûҶ˷ѿĲ̱ùˣǲòðʮȵɽ, õĻܻҪͷŶëѩ, Ϊ˰ȫ룬ֻʹԼָ߲˵뷨ֻºʵ
Ҷ褶Դ˵˼, ܲһֱò̰, ɽϵ֦, ọ̇̄˵׻ͦ鷳ģرѩʱ
뵽ҶҴ帽иúֻҪԵѡúܰѴúĭúָ, ʵʱúѾˡ
ú̿ջҲһ, Ǿǲȫ, ©̵ĵطúж
Ҷ뵽ͻȻð뷨ȻĻβרڳһú治סˣֻˣִҴ
⽲һ˵ھ͵õͬҶȻĶȴǡ
Ǵ˲һͬ⡣
Ҷͷ⻰ú̸һļ磬ô˴峤֮ĥĥߴߴģզ֪˲ͬ⣿ɻмõķӣ𿻶ȫģӼɡ㻹Ͻȥһ¡
Ҷ⻰·𱻾һ㣬Ĩ˰ˡ
Ҷ褴ʱǴﶼﻻʵ鷳ȷһ֡ҡ
ʵ⻰˵ˣʦﻻʳʱڴＯɻȴ֪η书͵ʱ
ҶϸǰΣ˵˵еµúĥһ£ʲôһȽϺã
Ǹ⣬ҶҲʱشֻ飬ĿѺ顣
ڶߵѩѵͣҶô˻ټ˴˵ü顣
ĵһ±ůҶһһȻѯʵǾ¿𣿡
ҶҵһӦͷ˵һ޽һůҲͦõģô˵Ƕ߲˳ˡ
ҶͯҲ˵δӦ֮塣
˸ûʲôֲʲô£ֻǺķǴʲô˶࣬Ҫܰů޽Ƕȫ嶼кôġ
򵥵仰㽫İ嶨
ǿʼڶ£ȷڴͨĻҡ
µĻұոµģûʹùģһҪһ޶ѷƣܹͬʱЩĿҵĶ١
۰Ҳûһ£ҶͯʹѧԺõĻƣѧƣȻ벻ʵңβֱû
ֿȡҪĶֲͬ񷢷ŵĻҲͬǴɽԿԻñȽ϶Ļ֣ڴǷ֮԰ȫõĻֱһЩ
ڽһʱҶͯżϸƶ˻ַŵĹ򣬻иԻõĻ
ʱܣպٱ
˵սûãͿʼȻضˣҶԸһ׳ȥúѡúǸķĻЩȫúһ̮˾ͻᱻ±ߣ˶СģĻʮ㣬һˡ
ǰѡĴú̿¿õӣӽȼ
һ˷ֵĻȽᣬŮ˶ҪľǴݣӵĵϺһŰѸ߲˵ȥˮ͸żʩЩʣ֤߲ӦǻõĻֱȽ٣ֻ㡣
ȼú̿Ҳ˷ѣˮԭϣؽⶳڴˮ·޽
Ȼ䣬ﶼȺģ۳ԽԽͷĻʲô˳ĵ£
ҶȥѾ깤ůһ˳Ļཨů߰أӵʳ
ů߲˽ˮʩʵǴҾѵãҲǴ˰ǵһַʽһµı֣㹻һ棬Ȼ൫ҲһݲСıˡ
üԴӵÿ춼ҵҵ첻ðŷѩȥůʱ϶ؼңֱ˯˵ůҹŻ𿻣ֱڼһҪůͣϾǼֻаһˣƽھǰæҲûܴٲֻ̣յµģʱ̫һ춼²˴
Ҷ״ҲûֹǣֻǶʱע⿻û𻵣һʼð̾͵øϽĻ˴߻úж
֮ů𽥲죬ĸ߲˿ʼѿҲ֤ůõģʱ̹עʱ

࣡
͵ϵĻ£䰵Ҷ褼æǰ˲о˲ü֡
ҶĸͷĦ£߷챻Ǳ˵ʱˣȥ˯ɣҷҲ˯ˡ
ڷѼޱѼӶ࣬ջѼޣֻҪ΢ϴһ¾ͿԷ쵽ѼޱůϿɱ޻ˡ
ҶǷˣ˵ƹ̫ð۾ˡ
˵ǰҡҡҶĸĸ첲
Ҷĸֻ֮ðҶ褵ͷ⺢ӣû취
߷Ż¨ʲô
Ҷ룬ͻȻ𶹽ζǻش𣺡ȶˡ
ãüлƶϽԹȥ˯
ҶĸҶ褽˯ȻһСȥ˵ؽѣһСƶѻƶ̨ݽˮ
ȵڶһͿĥˣʯĥϴɾ֮󣬰ݷ˵Ļƶȥĥ˵Һ
Ҷɩջ춹ŨĶѼ˶ˣҶûˢſˮ۰Ͱ͵￴
ȼǵĶ
֪ˣϽȥˢҶɩ۽ǵʺҲ֪úϴϴݵġ
ҶԴ˴۽ǣָϵʺٺһЦڨڨȥˡ
һװǵĶŨ˳Ҷ褱̵ֱȴҲ᲻÷롣
Ҷ̫˸ճпڣƶǸöƤݶܵϡ
ɲǣÿܺóԡҶӶֶֶֺһ붹ԼĥĶôȶúȡ
ʱС·ͬҶӵĻһ㣬ͷʳŶɵ滹ļԵú
Ҷ̫СڵӲɵøп֮󣬼û֮ǰôˡ
ҶҲƵĸо仯ʵǹ죬ԭͺĺɫԽԶԶȥǹĳϧƯ
ǳ˺ëСף̶һʱͱ㳤֮һ׻ɫëԵʮֺʵ֪ǲĴܸоСױһǰܹ࣬˼Ƶġ
ĸµĸ򼷳̶ԽԽ࣬ﳣԲ꣬һּҶ̫̼һֱҶɩ˼ҶϲǼǰ׷ԻպͷԶζ
̣Ϊ˷㳤ʱ䱣棬Ҷ褴ҵһµķ-̶˼Ʒͨװ۵С顣
ҲǼ򵥣ֻҪ
ǰ̽зͣͳɹƲȥ壬ٵ߽ҺճʱͿԷŽģΡ
ģҶϴģ±ģߣֻûôϸŹεİݣһ̶
õ̶ζŨҪϲһģڰʱЩǽȥƷǵԻǷ̲ٳԶζ
Ҷϲʱ򣬾ֱݼ鱻Ӳ̶һ¶ǻڵģÿʱѩ¶ϡƽ


70 ȱεΣ
ҶΪǴﶼٷʲô, Ͼ˶ʵʵĴèȥӵ˶ûˡ
Ȼ²Ըܿһ·, ֮һĴζˡ
ûζϻ˵, û治, ȱλᵼ左ûʱЩ˼ҿʼŰݷüﻹεĴ, ʳ֮ĻһΡ
Ҷ褼ҲӭţǼҵʣʵҲ࣬Ϊǳ͢ʳƷ˽·ͷ, 塣
ǼҵʱȥѾǰ, ˣʡҲֻꡣ
Ҷ˾֮󣬾ʣµνȥһ, ϾǼһиָĴ, Ҳܵá
ֻα겻α, ûεķһʱǴɻȱεľ
ԴҶڿռ﷭鼮֪ΰջȡʽΪΡΣΣ¶رΡεȡ
˵ʺϴεʵǺΣȻңԶ, ·Ҫߺü, òʧҪĵ, ҶȷǴӸûĺκ;мҵϣ
Ҷټ˿ʱ򣬱Ѱκ;εȥΪ¹ϵŴдú档
ѯʣҪôҵκ;أ
Ҷǰ͵и򵥵ı𷽷ǾǿûмʯͷҪеĻ֤ǿʯͷӦΣڿ
ȻַԣϾҲпֻǵʯͷܱǵͷӬһúá
ǽɽԵʱԶע⣬һϹèء
ҪһֱҲǾ͵ȥߵ׼ˣһ·Ƿ¶ޣһСĿܾͻ·ϣʱƥټϴ¿ȫ·Ҫõöࡣ
˰Ҷ褵ĻμЩûסģתͷߵˣظһ顣
һƬģֱҶԶͻȻ˵ʱ
˵ǿȥһ˺ںسǿز˵뿪ʱسѾ̮һ룬Ҳ֪Ǻ
ҶΣ⵹Ǹ⣬ǻܻسǵܱǶࡣ
Է׷׵ͷʾͬ
վʹȥس̽̽·ֱҶҶҡҶԶʦ磬ʣһһ
ҶҲȥ߿еĶּ
ʱ߸ˣ¿ŵϣһ߶еĸ·ߣԯеףûꤣȫ⻬ľѩϻС
Ǹڸһµ̫΢΢¶ˣȻû¶ȣмů⡣
ҶϴƤ׺СĹҵģͷϴŻñ˫ֻһëףһȫװӣˣɾЩ䣬һë̺ӣټůֵˮңܼȥ
Ȼһ˸ճһӾͱͣΪǰͻȻһӣҶĿжʮվڿӱָߵĿŶһļ¡
ģ߻ʮֶͣ²ȥҲϲ
ʦȵ˵ʱӻûôء˵Ա߿˿Ҳûô
Ǿһۿӵı߽磬һֱ쵽ߡ
һ˵ֻƹˡ
һԭֻҪһʱ·ӵʱ
Ƶһʱֻ¿۵ùǺʱҶĿԶԼԼܿӵı߽磬ڵϢһɣԵ㶫ټߡ
ǴҶóһˮװ̵̣ú̿ȵС¯ϱߵĹ
Ҷ褼״̶ֽӽȥЩ̶ģЩǣ˳𣬹̵ҺմӺȥ˲
Ҷ̣ڰ̹ȥȻ߹ȥιֻ¿Զ
Ҷ褿ܿһ룬˵м̶
ѶӲ̶ݸ磬ԼҲһС鿪ԣӲҲһζ
ӹ̶һڣ漴޵óԡ
Ҷ褱߳Ա߸ģ˵س𣿡
ش𣺡϶еģֻǲ֪жˡ
ʱһת˵Դӵ󣬳͢ûɹԱ˰˻ҵ£ںس˭һֵ˼¡
һ˵ʦͷͬǶˣ֮ˣпܻΪ˼
֮ܶѾˡ

һֻЪӾسߣ֪˶ã˶͸ˣǺòײſںسǵĳţȴҶ褴һԭ׳ĳǽ˴룬ųҴžһûС
ѲسﾹȻһ˶ûУ
Ǳʣؽߣû뵽ǣûˣķӷѾѩס
һǰȻ£漴˵ѩȣԴӽѩʼû˲
ХԽԵһƬ
ΪһҪ޹ʱ򣬼һͻȻԱϸĶĿȥֻһİӵӴһ
ӿҲһĿ⾯һֻֽľһֻֻסǰ
ҶվںñʦסԽԽ죬԰βžϲ֣
ҲǳԴʱһ£ڿҶʱطɼ֣Ҷ֣
Ǿñط꣬ʱػĶԷı
Ĺ֮ԴʵҶôسˣ
Ҷ̾ش𣺡ΪǴ˲ˣټ⼸һϢûУԾ뵽سǿ׷ʲô¡
ԴҲ̾ͬˣʱسǶˣ㿴ϵѷûУǾǵʱѵģҲ֪˶ˡ
Ҷʣס𣿡
סˣʱ˵Ȼ涼ˣסȥҲ֪ʲô£ǶᵽĵطȥˡԴصֻ֪˵ǴԼǱˣ֣һˡ
Ҷ֣ʱʶĿһ磬ֻɫ޲
ڵسǣҶԴ촽ѣæˮҵݸȿˮɤ˵
ԴӹˮҲͷںˮһĨ˵˵ֻ⽣ȥطҪʵȥջʳ࣬Ϊ˸˽ʳֻسѰһ£ûõĺüȥЩ
ʣǴأ
Ҷ͸¶Ǵ忿ɽӣӻܹȥȱΣҲ뿴ܲΡ
ԴͻȻ۾һ£ǶƺЩΣҪǸȥһˣܻܲһЩ
ֲʮȱʳ
Ҷźۼغ˶һۣûͷӦˡ
һ˸ųԴسǣһ·߹հģҶ褶챻תˣŵĿĵء
һƬʯݣһȥӲ࣬ɢɢΧмһʵʯݡ
Դָмʯ˵Ǿһסĵط
˵ֻԼСӣĲؼҡ
ԼҶʯȥʵҶҺϵҶӹ򸴵Ķÿ򸴶Ҷֱ꣬ʱǲŶϿϵ
Ҳ֪Դеˡ
򸴱ˡ
ҶõŽȥһ۾Ϳ򸴴źʵ·ǰһμҪ㲲٣ҪûĻڷѾǵİ׷
Ҷֵܣ򸴾ϲվ
þòҶȭ
ǺþòˡЩ㯵˵ϴμ滹Ǽǰ
˱£˶ϲˮ͵ġ
Ҳûʲôöдǣֻʣһ²̶⡣̾˵ǧ
Ҷ˵Ѿܺˡ
Ⱥȹһյ裬Ҷ˵⣬֪ǻûжΣ
˵еģֳܷһ֡
˵ЦһҲѾûˣȥʱ֪ΪӶѿټԭջʳ٣໧˼Ҷѡ뿪
̵ɺ˵ʳΡ
Ҷʣжο
ʵ࣬ζǴسǳģԼṩʮ򸴵Ļ͸¶һϢǾسģ͢ûˣͷҡ
һλʮʳǸ滹ǰ涼УȻҪ߰Ҳ⡣򸴿˸Ц
ʵĻʣϾЩʱһܻһٽʳأ͵ʱҲֶܵʮܹǧٽʵǲˡ
Ҷֻ΢£ͷӦԡ
ҶҴջʳ϶Բ꣬궼гóһЩΣӦּɵġ
Ҷ˵ʱʳ
á˿ЩʳӾܺùܶ࣬ȵѩ֮¿ʼϣʱиճɡ


71 Ƹͼױ
˵֮, նʱ򸴶豭ȿڲ裬ȻЦŸпﻹϾʶ, ɳƵһ¡
ҶӦһ, ɲǡ
ѯʵôû
Щǵػش𣺡̫, еԣϢ
Ҷʣƹ
ƹˣشõĳ´ι˵Ƿ纮, 
򸴵Ļ䣬ҶȲؽ˻´򾹶𣿡
ǰҲãʱ, شֻûѹڷ¡˵, ̧Сȥλ
Ҷ褼һ䣬֣أ
⣬򸴳̾һ, شϼҴڵϷ, ˵ʵǻȥ, ϷɽӶ࣬ôܳԿڷҲ֣ᷢή¡
ȿڲ˵ʵҲȥ㿴¶Ǳ֮ǰҪ, Ȼ, ͺпܻһһ͵, ֻҪվ߾ܱ͸ˣȥϷǱߵ⣬Ҳڶˡ
Ҳˣ½ӶʯͷģǼªܲܿ궬춼˵
ҶԴȻҲΪҪ˵ȥҶҴסǴ峤ҪӸò֪׵˽ӣ˭֪᲻ġ
Եʱ򣬳´ŽˣһƬĿ
˿ԹľͷϵҶ褲ɵ¶һĨЦݡ
ðֻҪ˺úõľС´һºοûɣ
Ҷش𣺡ǰȾ˷纮ЩգѾˡ
Զ溮䣬ȲˣôʵЩ
ģҼǵõġҶ褵ͷ
λҶǲ޴󰭣Ҷ䲻㽡׳һ佡ȴǳƵϵġ
˴Լһʱȵ̫̫ʱҶǡ
򸴼״Ҫ³Զ緹
Ҷڰ˵ǵʳҲ࣬ǾͲˣó첻̫Ͻȥ
ҲͲˣ콻ɣһ³Է򸴽͵ſڡ
һҶȭʩ񣬡͵ɡ
һŹ·ߣοΪ·˳ֻ˲ʱͻص˴
վ¥ѲߵҶһ۾ͿǵӰæŴ򿪣һ˽˴֮ҶȸԻȥԹ顣
Ҷ褸ؼҳһټ򵥵緹ȻͰҰ֪ͨ˵ÿᡣ
ʮʳһı˶ûʲô׷Ȳؿʼ˵Լ
ҪΣǸҪΣøȦƵģµģͷۡ
ҶæǰȻ涨ÿÿֻܻһΣԾҪ˼Ҷ
ҶͯҶ褼˿ʼ¼Ҫ
ҶִͯҶ褺ż¼ǶһһʳĴĳӡ
Щʳи棬а棬ͺܵʳģ
ܱ֤ÿ˼ҶܻΣʡŵܳһˣټǼﻹʣµģӦܰ졣
ɫҶȴԱ߼ܹҪʳ㵽ԼˣȫҪʮΣҲ˵Ҫǧٽʳȥ
ôʳôѺҲǸ⣬һ;бô죿˴Ｘ׳꣬ʦʦУڶһʱΪ׳ۡ
һװٽʳǧٽӣ磬ϣ֤·ô䡣
Ҷ褺絹ûиŹȥϾҶ֪·ϻ᲻£Ҳңʵʵڼ
Ҷڿϱӱ߸죬֮Ļйˮġ
ụ̂Ҳûˡ
˼˵Ȼÿˮ֤ˮʵӦȽϺģҲûˮĿܡǰгµҲֻ¡
ҶЩźȥ͸ˮԿġ
ǰ¸ֻ꼻һ֣¸ˮҪĻʱǿˮĵؾһջûУᵼ¼٣£ѱ˲ӡ
ˮʵҲˣҪˮ뷽跨ˮӡ
簲οڿʼҲ٣һСһ֣ջٶЩ
Ҷ褵ͷϸˡ
ĵһ룬ͻȻſڴûҶ褴ӿҶѾܹȥˡ
ܿʹ˹ôˡ
㣿Ҷһ뵽˭ӦǸеڶ淣ƺһʱ֮ûзӦ
ӸЧһ㣬Ҷܹ˵̸
ᣬ֮ǰҴůǴˣҶ磬½ңµġ
Ҷһ£Ǹһ㶼Ĵ羹ȻҲнµʱ
Ҷûô࣬ˬشϽӹ£ҸȥˣͷҸ˵һ
淴Ӧá
뿪֮Ҷɩ߳ҵ淹ͺ£
Ǿȡ
ǰҶ·ڿϡ
Ǽϡ£Ҷɩԭ˼Сˤڵضֵ˾Ȼýˡ
ѲкøУ
ҶɩԽԽùƾӿϵ߹ժƬҶӽȻ·ź没
Ҷ̫ǰһĴȼ˵Ǻ°Ǹ˳ġ
ҵĺӼƵǴСųģﶼ˵ҪΪи಻̣Ľ׵ýҪǼżˡ
̫˶ûˣʯͷ껹Сͼ㿪ʼӣЧûù
ҶɩЦ˵ͷȺȥʿҪûĻǺܱܿӡ
Ҷ̫⻰ۼҺܿҪͬˡ
Ҳ֪ǲΪˣϱһʢķˣǶԵ˸߲ҡ
ȥεĶˣĸװʳ˴ĴΣǰռ¼ξͷһʱ
Ҷǻؼ֮ÿ˶ƣݲݳϴ˿׼˯
Ҷĸû˯ţ˵˼ĻҵĺһҵĺɻҪ׵䣬ٹ꣬ӸҲҪ˵ף۳ԽԽ࣬ǲǸ÷ּˡ
ȢŵϱӺãвĦʱ򣬸οҪסˡ
Ҷԭ۾ѾˣһĻ۾ʱ䲻У߻֪ʲôأ˶Щպȶ˵ɡ
ҶĸʵûرҪּҵ뷨˱ҶܾҲʱˡ

ûҶϴʹҶ̽뷨˶û´ͦϲ淵ġ
ΪҶ̫һֻȥ˴Ψһý˴ס
ýǸڳģټ֪ҶǸٺʲĳ׶ˣԼҲ֪֪ף˸ҵõһ¡
ܿͬ£Ů˫ý˵ı£֣ȷϺͿԶˡ
˫ĵһ±зƸҶҶҳĻȻҪòȷƸ١
Ѽ֮Բض˵ҶɩΪ˳ӵ£صؽѹ׵һ˳
žϸľһ˵ⲼǼǰмʱģһ飬ҶǣɫСʺ淣ǿҺĵļױʣһɫĸӸպϱ
ѾûмˣҲ֪պܲܵõƯľ
˵ױһ΢΢죬ɬѡ
⼸֮⣬Ƹлһ֧һҶ̫óġ
˵Ǳ˵ƫģһģһĶһУպǳ׵ʱһƸͼױ
ҶϴͬƸͼױǵĸĸ׼ġ
ʱҶִ̫ĻˣˣҵŮ̳
ý˰Ƹ͵ҵʱԽԽľƸĳƵǷ񣬾ֻ֮һƸǹġ
֮ȣ׼ļױЩòˡ
ʼżϻ϶˻ƶСݣһֱ深Ůҡ
֪º˵ҶҸƸ˼Ѽ⣬Ķ淴ȥҼǵüﻹһֱӿɿһ̨ױˣʣµ淡ǷЩСҲ͹ˡǼұͲǵȸԣģҶҲֻ֪ҪչֳǼҶµӡ
ʵиףŮģҪɸԺһŮ֮ǿɵļҾ߾Ůļױ
Ȼɸû뷨ǼԺֻһ淳ʱûǿˡ
淽˵ҷҲмպ淺淳ʱԿҾߡ
æֹŮǧô
û£ǳ㣬οһֵ˼Ǯ
Ų˵ˡ
ûӭǰһҶ˿͹ļױ⣬̨רؼҸģֽʵֳҶ̧Լ
˽ţÿŵĴ񶼴ЩһСӣǸһģյĳ綼ҶԼ׼ʳˡ


72 С͵
Ȼ, Ҷһ嶼ֵģҶɩҶɩ˶ǰһˣź׼μӵڶĻ硣
Դ˺С, ǰһ켦, ĿԼʮ, һҰ⣬ŵжʮ
Ҷ̫ʱЦúϲ£죬ˣզôණ
С˵ɽֻҰ, Բ꣬úҪףҵҴЩˡ
ԴҲ͵ֻʮ˸켦˾˵һ⡣
Ҷͷڿ߿һº̸, Ǳȥ, ڼסţóһٷ
Ҷסһڶ͸æ, ʰ, ϲĺɫͼֽ, Խĵϰѩ˼ɫ
שѩҶԺӶֵģ¯ӶҪķˡ
Ҷ褱ϸĶѣͷϲ˲䣬β, ŹǷֱ, ӿβŹ·ϡ
һ, ʺϽĳϡ
ɫžԴƣƯĲ
ƿţҶ·ڵϴˣ°ڶѾڵϣ۳Ҫˮʪ
Ҷǰ°ϥϣŶ°ϴˡ
ҶӼ״æ˵ȥϴûٻˡ
ľˮǴӾģ̹ǣҶ褡˻һȻ˸һ㡣
ײˡ˺ͻƹϲֹǼԼģҶ̫صҶĻڹůﻻһЩؼңεġ
ϴ֮ҶȥˢϴҪӭס
úܽټ϶ʲô˼ңӭ׵ʱõֻϰź첼ɫԲֵҶӳɻԡ
Ůһӭʱ׽ŪɣȻֻͷǽˣҶǰõһʫ޴á
ʵҲֻ·ҶҶſڣЯ裬ݹظĸٶ԰֮ͱ˶
ʱ·ֺɫװӦоУŵĺɫޱﶼӺӣЩӵ˼
ȹƣСڸԻһлѡ
ҶΪרڳӣһʮˣÿһ֤һˣҴÿܹϯ
ҶС֮⻹һгƬģһ̴ײˣһ¨պˣʳͷ
һʮַʢͬķҪһʮǸֱˣ˼ȢϵѳһٷѾ൱ˣҶ˶ϯǼΪټ
Ҷ褼һͷ˵ϽյķǾ֪ôƱóԡ
绹ûڣһͽɻ󣬡շŹʱصعһˮ
ȷʵ糢˳ͷҲ΢΢Щ̣·
Ǳ߳ԱĵʱԱߴһͻȻЦҶ褺ȥֻҶһƲͣؿš
Ҷҵ٩㲻аֻһھƾǺ
ϷһƣǼƵ׾ƣζһ㣬ϡ٣ҲǽҶףҶ̫ó
Ҷϴˣô˵أǼǮƺȣǲ˷ʳ
Ц˵ǺɵöЩƣҹ׳׳
⻰һһЦЦҶǺ
Ҷϴװⶼ²ס졣
ϯʱѲ磬Ƿ׷ǣܿҶҾֻʣӵĲиʣ
Ҷ̫ż˿ʼʰӣûߣߣҲ˽Žľųȥϴ룬ͱҶɩֹˣˣ¼ˮϢɣʣµĽܵá
淲֣ҡͷȥˣҲæţ˵ֻϴԼС
ڶüǸģܽ
Ĩ߽ĺɻ⻰æӹľ裬ɩţɡ
һľ豻ȥڵϡ
Ҷ̫˰۴ľ裬ˣϴˣĥĥģϴϽʰʰ˯
深ҶɩϻݣҲûŸɻڲľˮ͸Դ͵ƣ˯ˡ
ȻҶɩڿϷȥ˰춼û˯ţҡҡߵҶϴ󣬡û̺ʲô
ҶϴΪһͻ˯ˣҶɩҡѺһ˵ĻͽˣɶⲻԼͻ£Ͻ˯ɣ컹ء
˵ⷬҶϴʹź˯ȥƾҶɩôҡζûѹ
ҶɩšһҶϴ
Ҷҽֻаҹ֦ͷµѩᷢ΢
Ҷٴƿŵʱ򣬾͸оһϮֻëѩ裬Ѿ˺һѩߵ¶ٴ½Сܸе⡣
Ҷ룬Ҳ֪жٶˣû¶ȼʵǲ㣬ֻУȻʱֲ׼ȷûʮµ£ҲвģֻܴԼ֪ʮˡ
һڰȥȡպõˮ̵ë˲Ͱ˯ȥˡ
һٷϯʣµģһ˳Եö򵥡
Ҷɩ淵ɻ˯ùߣǰ޵ģû˯ء
һ죬ɬشͷش𣺡˯ùߣһ϶Ⱥġ
Ǿͺãʲôϰߵľ͸Ҷ˵Ҷɩˣ̵룬Ҳ˶ܱˡ
緹淵һʰӣڲľˮһϴˣֽż˵ⶼ˵ĻѲ˶¡
ҶɩԴ˸Ҳ˵ϱһҪŸɻ΢̬Ⱦͺá

Դ淼֮ůǱ߾ֻʣչ߲ˣҲæ鷳Щůʱ᳤һ㣬̫ܹ˵ϼ͵Ұ쳣ֻʣϺʯͷˡ
ͻˣʱҶ̫˵ʹһ߻ңŸһ˳߻
ȻŸ̤ţﴫĶ
΢΢һ㶣ΪҶæӿ첽߽ȥ߱ߺһ£㡣
ʱĶȴͻȻͣûӦˤˣǸϽǰƿţ
δסˣֻ͵ܵܶڵϣԱиòŲ䶢ȫǱĴҹǽ塣
һ˲仮͵ɱˣ
ʱҶ˶ڼţһ淵ļУҶ͵ӶûܣҶֻһĹͿˡ
Ҷ̫æվԸȥ
ҶܹȥʱҶѾνסŅ̀ͷ˵ȥ´򡣡
ҶϴһҲҵ飬תȥ
ҶóһҶһסʱųʣզˣ
СҭŻش𣺡һͿҵܵܵڵϣҼҷҶ
ﻹţ޹ġ
Ҷ޼ֱĨס졣
ҶɫְĲû뵽ǣµǾȻû
Ѳ͵͵˽ѲߵĴôûз֣ǲǻͬ
һҶԺﻮҲ˲Ϸѩˣ֪ͨȫȥá
ҶҴд񶼲֪ʲô׷ãðѩȥá
˵룬ҶѹҶָ˵͵ץסҵĹ¶ĸڻš
˲öǿʼͷӶ
и˺ⲻҶС𣿡
ҲȻ㿪ڣǰ˵ôôأСӡ
֪ĶЩ͵СӿǸ嶾ȫˣԺ/ͨȫҵǰʱﶼˣȻͶ㣬ÿɶҲɣ൱ڱһҰš

⻰׷׿ҶһڵĵطʱҶͶӶϱεشͷأֻϱͷ۵Լܵܡ
ǲʲôᰡҵܾܵ¡
Ҷһʲôᣬ߲񡣡
ҶɫҶҴ幩𣬰ֱӸϳȥ
ô콫˸ϳȥǻ޹ء
Ҷʣǿ
ûҶ滹û˵أӶϱͬ˵
Ϳڼ׳԰׺ȵν˾ˣи˸ߵĻᣬܲͬء
ֻҶϱͬ⣬ȻͬҲûãҶֱ֮ӰΧǽ⡣
ҶģѰ⿪ˣȴź֮󣬽Ĩó˿ĭ˭ϡǴš
·ͳһӣ££ºСԭĴߡ
֪ǲΪж񱨣ߵһͻȻʯ£һˤڵأͷһʯϣҲûģëѩϣסˡ
ͬĸһĵơ


73 
´ջ, ӦľôµĻԡŷĸͷָͷһİ˵ͷѹ֮, ܻͷζĵ֢״, ȿϵҩ
淴ʱŵ§, ̵ͷǾ鷳ˣϽź´ȥҩ
˲࣬ҶĸҲæҶɩһƬǽ, ̾˵üʱû͵ʲô
ֻ˸ӣǴвݹͶˣ֪ƢԣҲ֪᲻¡
ҶĸԷ, ʱͶϸϸɲء
Ҷ̫˵ǵЩ³̳
ʵֹڵ, ＯҲ̸
ЩͶ˶࣬ôЩô죬οǴ, ƾʲôҪռǵռ, Щ˵ĽǰѹͶȫϳȥ, ԺҲ˹Ͷ
һִǾ˭ûиѣȥֵܰشԣ´δֵʱٸǷּĶؾ㹻һˣͬղ, к, бյ, кȢ޹Ҳ˳öࡣ
Χ⣬˳òɿһͳ
Ҷ״æǵˣȱˣ³̳պͶͰ³̰¡
˵ʵҪҲҶҶͯģºһĺܿгһֽҪ
ȻŴ
һǷͶҶҴ˶ҪڴһˣҲ˵Ͷ߷һٶԴͶʱͶ˼ֽ˭ͬ⡣
ͶҶҴҪһµĿڣһºɴгͶƱֻҪͬƱһ룬Ǳڴ
ͶǷմس̶ȣҪܵͬĳͷͷȫ˵飬ܿȷ߷Ǯ߸ϳӡ
ȷ˷صķʽһһ㣬ʦʦ̵ͶߣǵĹ׼ֻҪһͿڴֵأʽ˼Ҫꡣ
дֽϣȻҶ褼д˼ݷã˭뿴Լȥ
˴ЩͶ˾͸ͷˣֻҪڷ̤ʵȹЩֵһؾʽҶҴ尲
ȫ˵ĶһţһʹҶҴۿɼŽ

淣˼һʢһȥܵܡҶ̫˵´򿪵ҩͦãϴιȥʯͷѾϵˡ
ĸ˵Щֻһʱ˹Ȼҩͺõòˣʯͷҵأѹѹ֮Ȼһ˶ʶˣ˭һã
´һ˵˵ԴʧˣȷʯͷԺֻܻܲ˵ɣôǡ
ȴҡͷŸǺȣռ˶ȥҲ˷ѡ
УǾ´˵Ҷ̫Ӧ
ȻкǳԷ
Ҷıʷ£ֽйֽĲ裬ûֽǰļֽĴýʡãȻٽʡҲһ죬취Լֽö٣Ҳ¡
ĵһѰԭϣǸƤӡ˵ӵάصľõѡǴӸһƬĴ֣Ȼǲȱġ
ţȻԭϣٰϵĲһһʵӦܳɹֽģϾΪֽѣֻΪ͢ΰѿֽǹǺܿͻֽᷢŷĵ
ǼҳԵǾ²˼ڵĽӣһϻ˼塣
Ҷһϲ²˼ڵĽӣ²Ǹģһҧȥﱬ֭ˮʱŨľ²ζЩ̵ļڴ׵ӳɢζ
һһӣһ뼦Աȫůˡ
극Ҷ褱ݽдֽĲ裬ȴͻȻſţҶȥţվǽڴŵҶԶ
æߵҶǰ˵ΪݵǸͻȻðˮѾһ롣
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣æ˵ߣȥơ
Ҷ˵ĻҲǳһæϰһСܳȥҶӼҲǣ󵽴ڵʱҶŷ߾Ȼ׺һ޵ˡ
ǿȻѾʢһˮźı㣬Ҳ֪ǴӺʱʼֵġ
Ҷ˵Ѳɵ¸һˣ
Ҷתͷʶʦǣѯʵλʦм
ʦźһɻ󣬡Ҵδš
ʦΣصҴҵµļ¼￴µΣԼǶʮǰɣдεһƽƾ
Ҳ˵պһҶҲŵʡ
ʦ𣺡ųܡ
˷׷ϡؿӣֻˮӣȴټ˾ĺΨһһýĺҪһ졣
ʱҶָǱ˵ǲǻ㣿
Ҷ룬Ӧаɣˮν
ҶĻͬһ㻮Ҷ褵ԺǰһܱһǾͿںֲֲָݺľ
ֿι󣬵պˣͲöӲι⣬ȺţȺѼȺȺȺĶͨԼڲ̲ӣֻҪͷΧդɡ
ľַȣʺҾߵľ
ˮҲֲˮֲǺɻͺܺã׵ʱ򣬡Ҷ̣ӳպɻ졹ȵ죬ɻлȻȴдˬɿڵźԡ
Ҷ뵽ɵ¿ˮźֶôóԣӵҲ
֮⣬ҪССϺεͿֳˮǴһˡ
Ҷ褾Ըͦʵֵġ
ݺľõģǴ帽ϾУֻҪݴƤһֲ߼ɣɻ΢鷳Щʱ򣬴ӿɳһȥߣӴںڶͻкɻ
һҲҪһ㣬ֳϺз㣬񲭵Ҳͦ򵥵ģëɲ˿ӽ䴮װڳżϾˡ
Ҷ뿪ʱػͷһӣ޲ڸϽɵ죬һ˴¿ˡ
Ȼû뵽һ㶼ûʵ֣ӽ¿ʼһֱ£Ÿµʱ¶Ⱦûʱ¶ѩʱӱô˶ϰ߼ˡ


74 ֽ
һȥ, Ҷٴο׳ʱһֻĸо֪ô£ǿ׳Щ, Ƕӱ濴Ƶ, ҶҶԶڳ, ڼԵúãƽÿ˰θ˰ͷϵļ⼫ʵ, ʹЩȻ仯ûôţȴҲǱ֮ǰҪ׳ö࣬Ҷͷ˶ۿɼؾ٣ͷϷ˺ɫ
ǲ̫ηˣʮȵֱӴѾܳ, ɻʱȫڵð, Կʼѡ
ɳηĴȴθڴҶΪÿ춼Ҫʳ, Ǵ׳, ҶҲ, ӽ׵ߣ˫۲⣬Ҷ˨˵ڼÿҪ뷹һ뽫һ
Ҷ褺仯, Ȼϸ˵, ˻ǲһ, ǵ͵Ĵͣ⣬ϲǴļ⣬Ǳһ㸲ڹϣֻ˾С»Ḷۡ
ԴҶӱл˵粻ǿ׳ҪһȻö˵ҶӱùǺȴûҶӣҶɩûãս͵ҶӣȻּɡ
ҶԴ֮ͱ죬ٲڼǰҫԼѵһš
֮Ѿ·ݣȫ˶æȻΪʱճɿ̫ܲãܱûкá
ʱҶͷż˿ʼأһͷ¿æȽЩ¿ȷأ͵˹飬Ǻķʱ䣬οֲܲ¿Ϣ֮һҲ˶Ķء
ҲҪΪؾˣֻ۵ĿʼҪ֣֮ľ벻˹ܼҶ˶ˣѿصĿ£ͻʱ䡣
ڸֵĹвۣżҲۣҶ̫ϱ۵ֱ۶̧ˣڹ򲻸ˣʮĶرֵģ˿žġ
Ҷ˺صģ۵òᣬĸڼ˯Ż
ҶȻûµأȴҲڰżɼҲǺúϢһӡ
ȻûϢֿ꣬ʼֲˣһ߹ʱݣҶ̫ϴɾ֮ŽľΪֹ𻵣صЩҶȥ
ײˡܲˡϡǵӦоУȫֽ˲
ûôǾͷ׷ҪɽҶ˵Ǳһ͵ŽɽԳء
ҶѯʹʦǵҲͬ⣬ɿǽɽֻɽﶯ﷢/ʱҪעⰲȫ
ﲻ׳궼ɽĶУٴλش壬ȫ˶һҰţһɽҰҲץ˶ʮֻཱུģһ֪ë²ŵȫ⡣
ԭҶ褻ڵģǶﷱܵļڣǹȲԻ᲻̬⣬ֱҶ˵ĻǷ
Ҷ˵ɽ϶֮ǰҪö࣬ǣϸңҸزջ񡣡
һ󲹳ǶģҲ֪ǲΪһ춼ûˣǶǰˣҲûӦкüֻɽôץġ
ҶЩȡ
ȻɽҲûε£ֻһֱûջû˿жʯͷ
Ǹڵ£ʱûҵΣҶҲʧ˻ҪɽԣҰɣʵҲĻǾȥɹΣҵ
һɽȻеڶΡΣڶγ˴ԵˣһЩϱСһǻɽϽвժҶ褱Уȥһ֣Щӻ񲭺ֽԭϡ
ϸ˵ɽϣɽţһ£һҾ˷ֿˣҶ̫ű߰ﱦӣ߲ժЩ񹽻ؼҳԡ
ҶҲѩͣһε֣һͷӵĸ߶ѾͻʮףЩ˶ӵ˫չ
ȵʱҶӼѾʼˣû⣬˷׷ͷÿӡ
ûѡ񳤳ɵӣĶǽ³ɫԵøۡ
һֱɵһ˱һߣ·Ҷ褱һ¨ᣬѹ˫緢顣
֮ǲ֪ɽϴԺͲժͻˣʣǣҶ˵ҪٲҾҪȥˡ
˵߰Ҷ褺ҶĸϵĶӹ
Ҷ褶ʱ˿һ¼˵û뵽ôˡ
߰ɣȻؼҳԷҶû˵ֻҶ褵ͷ
淴һɻķΪֵܶ࣬ټ˶ڸɻ۵ùǺȣлһ⣬ʳǰѼʣİ׶ˡ
һ廨ĺ⣬ѵ÷ǣ֭ŨζҶ褰֭׷ϣһһڷԵ˲˵
ֱʳ׵ʱŸпɩĺдļζˡ
Ϊҽʡˣɩô÷ŵϣⶼгĩͲһ𳴣һζ
ҶɩĽ̵ǲֶˣ÷ŵϣҲˡ
Ժ̵úá
Ҿ̣̽һ͸ʵڴҶɩЦ˵һ֣յҰҲܽ塣
ȷʵˣɩزζá
һɶ¶ûϴڿϳ˯ȥε
ڶҶ褵ֽѹˡ
ҲæҶ׼ϣһֽĽոѺƤһֽӡ
ֽʽֻͬϸ΢Щ𣬱˵ҪƬȻ󽫱ƤĵطȥʣµƬɴá
̱֮ˣ׼ľͰֱ𽫽ոѺʹõƬݽȥȵ֮ͿԷŵ̨ϼʯҷ۱߽ˣ̴ԼҪ죬γɵ̬ں
Ϊֽҹ⻬ͰҪֶĩǸĻҶһпյʱҲæ
ȫֽ֮𽥱ϸ˳Щֽپϴͺܸɾˣ串ɹɣľǳƷֽˡ
ýոĲֽǻƺɫģʵشֲڣһľӲȣֽȴǼõģ鷳ԭҲˣҼһõó
ҶԼǲֽĵһû֮ǸˣܰҶϲľˣĲֽȲִЩģѾõˡ
ӶԲֽϡ棬ԴӷֵһЩù֮޲ڣһЩӣÿҪ£ʱܲ㣬νĲֽͲõŪߣֱӽéＴɣνַָɾ
Ҷֽķ̸ˣЩ鷳ԼʳԸûֹ
һֽֽͬӲУʵľԣټˮǿʺд
Ҷ褴һ͸ҶͯʱҶֽͯд˼֣д˵˵ȲֽҲʵֽˡ
ȻϲЩãͷˣѰӣЩҶЦŻص
ҶͯҲûƴǣ󷽽£ϾҶ褵ɶʦյòġ
Լõĺ˵ģҶ褻߽һֽһ͸Ҷ¼һЩ
Ȼ˱ӣΪ˷дҶ褰̿Ҳڳˣ˵̿Ҫֽ򵥵öֻ࣬Ҫ֦ˡ
̿дԺɫΪɫǷ㣬ҶֻһξϲˣҲûùëʣҪһȱĻǾûǣװָȾڡ
Ҷͯǿ̫ߣҲһֻ۱һֻۣϾƾٶûˣαīسɹ档

Ҷ˸ţ·˸кҲò䡣
һֱߵſڣ̧š
ŵǼҶ褺̳ţЦе˵ү
ʱ֣ûҶ褾ŵдٽȥԺĵϸ졣
ϴɽ棬ϴִһŲֽֽ֣ãҶϴëˣֱֺӵ
Ҷ褵ͷͺá
ӹݹɽţҧһھﱬ֭һֶˮ㡣
һڣղɾ֣÷±ʣһ̧۾ͿߵҶ褣һ£Ȼæ߳ôһ
Ҷվֲʲô£ֵ㡣
һ߽ӣźҶ褽Ĳݸ򿪿ǽ񡣡
Խë΢βŽӹ㾹ǵá
ˡҶ褱Ц˵򿪿ϲϲ
籡Сؽ⿪ϵֻһµһĶÿһҳֽ϶ѹŸֻܣҰաӡֽʱѹġ
ÿһ仨ӦһףϸһŵĻŵı
Լд֣̫ÿҶű˵
дúܺã͵ʱԶûдúáذ׵ָڻϡ
Ҷ褵ľ߷ǣ˵һܸо
ϲ𣿡Ҷڴʡ
ϲŻ֣صػش
л˵
ȥ˵Ӱ̲裬ʲôʱôֵˡ


75 
Դӽɽջ֮, вٴڴסˣ͵ȥһˣֱһҶҴʱһֻ, ֻǰһİ̺, Ҫһ
Һõʱ´ڶ, ʱ־ˣøַʽѪֹסˣŰҶҾ, Ҷһǻ졣
ֻʱĸôߣҶ֮۱Ȼգ۵Ĺͻӵǰˡ
ڼңհõ˿һα˺ѣڸɾİײ뵳ĺɫѪ
Ҷ褵ǲɵó˳, ԭΪ»Ӱ, ˼ҸûϣһԾԾԵӣսһ
Ҷ˨Է˸, 㻹ʵʵڼϢ, ´˵, û¶òˡ
Ҷұѵһ٣ʱ˼ЦЦ˿ϡ
Ҷҵǰ֮ɽĴǱЩСģһڵϿܵ㼣, ͻᾡ뿪, һ, ȷʵûٳ󣬶ǲƤ߹һˡ

Ҷ褰ҩཻҶ˨˵С´͹ҩ࣬˵Ч֮ǰҪãͷ廻ҩʱϡ
Ҷ˨ӹ֮ͷӦС´ĿҩҵѾ֮ǰöˡ
˵⻰ͻȻ뵽£תȥһҼ£ҵĶиûĹӣܳԵģж࣬ȥʲôӡ
ҶҲǺ棬һڴӦ
Ҷ˨ǰҩҩȻŰҶ﷭ԲĹӡ
ʱ״ɫĵٴЩɫ·û͸طȴ޵ĺɫеӡ
ⲻҲǷѣҶ褿־ϲɵϵĴȷǳ˵
棬ǰÿһǼζģֱԣˮҲ
ҶسѰҹûͷûӺ⴫ûҵҲֻź
ô뵽ѰôõĶȻô׵ĳǰ
Ҷ˨˳ԼҶ褣֪ʲô𣿡
Ҵһϼֹӽ㿴һӡҶָ˵
Ҷ˨ϸ˰죬ŻȻȷʵɫӣôԣֱӳ𣿡
ԾԾӣƺֻҪҶһͷͻֱ
ԣϴˣһιѼҶ褽˵
Ҷ˨ͷʾͬڵϿҶһ˵гɼ꣬ѷһߣȻһСιԺɹ̫ļֻ
Ҷ褷ǣǼֻԵýζܿһʱȥˣǾٱ
Ҷ褰пŽΪѾп˺ܾãζһЩ仯ζ֭Υζǻﱬɵ۾ᡣ
Ҷ˨Ҳųһڣ˲䱻۾
θɲ˵˵ѣŹĶӣ˵óǺóԣҶˡ
ҶԿɫֻ磬ʣһϵʣ𣿡
Ҷ˨æͷеģʣ°ࡣ
Ҷ褸Ҷ˨˵һõͬͣһ˸
ڿѾܾöûʲôʳҶҶθڴ֮ࡣ
Բʣµ˵Ҫ֪ⶫܳԣҾ͸ġ
Ҷ壬Ķҵģ
һŶˣʱҸһȥģӦ֪طҶش
Ҷ˼øһȥһɽǿֲģûгɹҲ֡
֮ǰҶ˨صذȥԡ
ҶûƴǣֻѿڵǳǳһӼɣѿǰ˽̫ˮʪͺá
Ҷ˨棬ͷظŵ˵¾ͽҰɡ
ͮͮؼңҶĸһƣû壬ΪӣƵôͳˣ
Ҷ̧˵ӣһ￴ĳʳֻǸӳЩˡ
ҶĸͣеĻӹϸβſڣͦСó𣿡
ҾͦóԵģҲ֣ͦͷǰѵȡڲСҶ˵ˣôȥһɽԻ
ԼֵҶȩ̈ͷ΢ãȻһᣬŷӦʲôҸɽΧժģҼǵϻģӦû졣
ҲԶͷҴȥ
Ҷĸٵ˵ȥɣɽϲ̫ȫС첲Сȵģһô죿
Ҷ褰ڰ֣ҵȥûɶ
룬˵Լ磬ٴϼһҲˡ
Ҷĸһһͷɼ֣һסôʱˣ˻һʮרѵģֱȳҪõö࣬ʦǶһܱȵϣϾǵͰء
ͬˣҲûʲô
Ҷ褶ɹʱ򣬰ȥ磬ԼڴӱΧǽű߼ϣһɽ
ڶҶ˸磬Ե㶫ͽӹѾҶĸʰõı¨߶߰ѲñҶͷϣ㲻ɹҲñժ¨˸ˮǱ̶רûڱһģǵúһȡ
ڽóˣﴢúãֱΧĲſʼڻҶ¹£ÿ˼ҶֻܻƣÿÿֻܻСƴһ⻹Ҫһ֣ʵˣҲ٣Ͼ˵һҲɲʲôʡһֻġ
ҶΪģú棬Ҷĸڸʱ뿪
Ҷ褽մһж·ںͿŶʵʵϴ̵ľСľ֦˸첲ȣһֲֽϣϸСĵ̷ʤ
ڵɽֳǳǳɫҵ͸Ҷڵγɰ߲ӰҶһͷ·ԭʼɭһ㣬۶деֲ
һҶ⣬һǰһڶͷÿ˱϶šͿ
Ҷͷ߱Ҷ褺磬СЩɽ϶࣬ǻһЩ壬ǧȵ
ͲģǽüɽˣӦö֪ô
һ⻬ľôŹľԣ¾ͻȻĳһ
ҶҲ⣬̧ۿ˿˿Ϸǰľԣ˵·ǲȳģɽ仰ȴβȳһ·ò˼·ֻ³Ӳݹľ
һ·û˵ֻҶżͣ¿·ߵ壬ҪὫóȻ帴ԭҪûҲһ±Ūҵ塣
Ҷ褿˸ֻԾĶЩϳЩùһ㶼ʶһҶҲ˴𰸡
ԼһʱҶͣסˣָųһԵ˵ǲǸ
֮ǰʣ¼ûģѾˡ
ҶСشչȥ˿ȷӣͷû
˵ʹӱ¨ͳӣű߰ڳڵŷ֣ⲻһֻ꣬꣬Ǹһˡ
ΪԵĳɹʣҶ褻صԭһӵĸϣȻһŽ¨
꣬Ҷ褽ɽĿҲͲˡ
ѵýɽһΣ̫ôͻȥɽϻûʲôûĹ֮ġ
ҵЩܳԵʵ߹ء
ҶȴҡҡͷûʲôˣЩܳԵĻͼҰӡ
˵ȴͻȻһ£ĿڵиûģǺɫҶе񲤲ˣҲ֪ܲܳԡ
Ҷæ˵ȥ
ҶӦһȻתһȥҶ褸֮ǰͷԭĵطҲ֪ôģҲİɡ
ɽ·ۣҶã߰ʱ͵Ϣһᡣ
翴ɫѾˣŸĽ֪˵Уǵ˸ķ
˵Ϣһɡ
䣬ҶͷóԵ㶫
Ҷ褱¨ҶĸϷŽȥ̸ϸϸһɣǰŴ𣬺΢̶ھܳԱ
Ϊװ̶ˮ߰һ޲ıñȽڻЩ⡣
һʳ˴ĳʳϲʵɣһǳġ
Ҷ˵ͷѧѧôɿǳűرĸַζ
ݸҶһѬ⣬Ѭ¹⣬ϲϲ
ɽϳ¹棬࣬ƵǴ࣬ǴǽɽԵ¹ζȽأͨųԣμ棬Ҳ˽⣬ζҲ
Ѭ¹Ҷ褵ǵһγԣŽﳢ˳У¹ⲻóԵĵطڸסˡ


76 
һֻϢ˰ʱ, ȻͼǰߣҶ˵ĶһƬɽϣ΢Ƶӭ࿪, ۷ͺ, æµĲڷۡ
ҶСʣз䳲𣿡
֪, ۷ӦеġҶŷ׷ɵ۷ش𣺡ֹܻһ䳲
ͷпտȥһңôͦġ
˵⻰Ҷת˸Ȧ, ƹһӭһŲ״ҶĵطҶȷʵеǲˡ
Ҷ΢΢üӱ¨óӣһ, , Բ޵ĸ¶ǰСԲܲ
ҶԭֻǺ棬Ÿӳ, ۾ԽԽ
ԭϱȽ, һǸ, ѿϷûѿʵͣ˼۸񰺹
ȴ֪һǵԭ, Ǿ, ֪, ŵܶ࣬˵ĲҺߣܹѳɱͼ۸˿ǿ׿ݰܣ׷ֳӺ֣̫ġ
Ҷ褴΢򣬲ɾСһŽŷ֭ˮζţȷˣˡ
ζɣ֮ǰûʱҾ;ӦúóԡҶҲһţͦá
ҶҲûֻ˵ӶˣǸϽ˴ȥ
һƬȻ٣ڳԼжʮң˱ϵĿװġ
Ҷ褱٣ɲᣬش·ʱʱ͵òһѺ
Һһ·û£һƽƽҡ
ջҶĸͽӹҶϵĶ˳к˵Ǳȥˣ³ԷýǷöࡣ
Ҳڵ˼˼Ұôõæһٷġ
룬ûܾЦ˵ҶǻȥϴһٹҪȻһĺ
úúãкŹǣǿɵöЩҶĸЦüۡ
뿪Ҷĵһ¾ſ𵽺ԺĲԱߣһȥЩֻ֪ܲ
һЩأѾֵˣ֮һ˳İɡ
ڴʱҶĸĳϽϴ裬ȥȷ
Ҷ⻰ʱѵԺ󣬱Ÿɾ·跿ϴͿЩɹ˵ҩࡣ
֮ǰ͵ǺлѩҩˣõС´ģЧֻ࣬ҪɷֲһС´õǳĻͲҶҲһҶϳһǳζ
һᱡ߳׼ȥϴ·ͱ̸סˣϽȥԷ⼸װʲôֱӳ𣿡
ˣҶ褸˵˵ǡ
ǣҶ̫ˣʵǣ
Ҷƶصͷǵģһ극ҾͿԿʼˣƺðɣ
Ҷ̫ȻԼСӣֻʵ£ɲġ
Ҷһֱȵǹһ˶ٳ緹İͶˣڵʳֻͷֻҪմһŹǵĽ֭͸ζˣθһǺܴҶ褶ͷҪ֪ǼԼͷ㣬Ҷһ³һͳŵòС
Ҳн˶ԭ
ԱҶ褾׼ʼǣֻһˣʣµš
Ҷ̫żϱϴɾҶӱι˸Ҫġ
ò˵˸г˿Ǹ󹤳ˣҶŻͷҪƳøϽѹ߸ϣĲ˵˿ĹߺǼ򵥣Ӧܵĳ
ʮ˸һ磬òˣҪʼĥ˸ҶǴżһģһȺ˱죬ʱҲͦġ
ĥõ˸پ˾ͻõһˮҶ褴ʱһʯˮ
Ҷϴ״ɵøпû뵽ʯҵôȻô࣬ˮõϣõϣǾҲõϡ
ɲǡҶɩЦ۾ӱ˵Ӧġ

ʱҶѾˮ￪ʼʵ֮ǰҪķʽᴿˮǼ̼֮ᴿʽҶʱû취
ˮڸ°𽥱ճǽϧΪȱ˼赼ǽû취ᾧܱɿ״İǡ
ҲҶ˺ݺݳһմһǽŽ˲ŨζﳣԵİζ£Ҳ˵ⶫܴǡ
Ҷ´ȣǴﻹЩأͷϼĶˣ͹ȫһˡ
Ѿһˮ࣬ҶҲֻŽ֣Ҫջ񣬵ٴջˮЩӳֵԼһʣµĶ˵Ǹѡ
Ҷ褴ɽҳܳԵĶܿڴǵˣԴӳǽζÿεص˳죬ûֻһЩԡ
Ҷһǽ󲿷ֶָ˴ĺǣԴӵûζںòÿ˶ֵܷһСǽ˳Եǽζ
Ҷ˵ǽζе̫ˣֻҪִζĹեɵĹ֭кһ¾ͻɿڡ
ҰңƤȥСĹ⣬ŰˮǽǸˬڣһֻҪһھȾɢˡ
Ҷпգصؽϼһȥĵطҵһ䳲Ǻܴһ䳲۷䡣
ܿľȼղֲŨ̺ȼպİ۷Ѭ߻ء
ʱͿԿʼռˣֻҪСѷ䳲ͻз˳Ÿķ䳲Ũζɢ
һռ޷ۣһһޡ
Ҷؼҵǹޣһʱһ飬ѷۺ͵ķ䳲ֿźȣ䳲ҪɷǷҶ褼ǵãⶫԺҩݻ֬һ󴽸ִ࣬ǺǻӭһֻƷ
ʱæµռţֱĴһõ񲭹ʱҶ褲һԴʶ˼¡
ѾһвٴνССϺΪ˷ֹߣҶ褰عøͼֽһ񲭳ʱҪе࣬¸ˡ
Ҷ褱ѱģû뵽Ȼֱˣܵʱ˵ҵ˵ⲻʲôѶҲѾֵꡣ
ҲûȥҶ̫İ壬Ҷһ¨ɽݮؼңɽݮǴɽժģأպúͳȥ
ؼҺҶ褾ͿҶԾԾԣҶˮǴõģ˶ܱȹˮ±ܾã֮ǰºҲ
ȥװ¡
Ҷ룬Ҷϴǵͷͬ⣬ŴӦҶȥ
л˵
ȣֻд3kˡ


77 
, Ҷһ˿϶ȫҶϴҶ϶ҲߣһǱװװ񲭡
Ҷ褶ڰϿһʧں, ֻǳǳĲ, ֵ, ۾ӳ峺ĺ棬һ澵ӡ
װ񲭡
ҶӰ˫۷ڰϣ˿˵кö㣬СĶ, ֮ǰӽȥˮҲţ൱ïʢ
ˮǴ̳ģ֣żһ㸡ƼӽҲܴܲ
֮, ϻֲֲ, Ǽ򵥵£ֻҪѸˮӱߵĲƤѹںϣ¹һЩҰݾͻµ
һ«έ, ٹЩ, «έ, ںγһƬ«έ«έҰѼӵһѼĻҲճˡ
кüòܸߴɰֲ֮󶼻úúõģĺɫѾ߳, Ҷܹ󵽺ͺƯ
ʵкϺ𣿡
Ҷźҡҡͷ, û, һҿȥӿӦץϺСݡ
˵ɾ͸ɣմӺһľͰ˸߲ҵȥҶ˨Ҷԡ
Ҷûһ˴֮ȥһˮԼĶңˮϲˣһ紵ӱҡڣЩǣֻҪûջʱľͷŲһˮȫǿտô죿
Ķȫ˶ڰ֣˭˭ˮȣǱȶԼﻹģǶҪֳԼҵͻˮ
ҶΪˮĳɻʣڰֵˮ֮ǰصڿͷ֣һֱȵӷѿ˵ⷽãˮڳͦģ˺ٶȻǳƺܺãӡ
ˮڴתһȦתؼҡ
ҶĸڼҶӣѴ־Ҷֿ־˿ι󣬶Ҷͺܺóˣ峴ܺóԣܺһɺҶͷӪζ
ˡҶĸһݳԶ͹ģ˵ǽΣҳһ飬Բ̫ߡ
Ҳ棬ͲץץɾʮַЯֻ溬д֬˶ԣżһȴǸѡ
Ҷƿݣ̧۸˸λóζһ㣬ʤ档
ҽûиҶҴ壬˾µʿͶʱʳʱëʱ⡣
ǰǲ͹ģٽͱ˻һЩôʳʳζҲͦõġ
Ҷϴɾһ͵ζŵζ˵ϺóԻǲóԣܳԾˡ
ſ˵ﻻѾ·ˣٹܵ
߳࣬ʳ٣Ѽ߲ˡ
ǰʱҶʳǻǧʳʮֻҪĸʮֻֻ
ЩʳǴӴֳģǻȻҲȫ˵ģʮֻֻҪʼͲȱԣٵպ߲ݳɣǾͿԿʼˡ
Ҷ褵ͷǾͺãһֳɹǴˡ
뻻Щţ˵ʵڲо͵ɽץҰСˣѳĸİҲࡣţ˵ǰٸܵϣĴҲֻֻţҪˣ֪ҪȥĶţ
ҶֻȰ·
ĥ±˸ţΪͦԣŻͷٴЩ
ʱҶľͰˣ˵µ׽ʲô
ҶɩȥһۣȻˣӴôݰ
ɲǣҲ˭׽ġҶԺأЩϺ
СҶɩӦһɳҸ˳ԡ
ɫ˵ܳϡ
ҶӰľͰڵϣϴֽݾͿϰһΣ˫۷Ź⣬ǰһζĳųŻһؿڣܰҭںȥƵġ
Ҷ褼״εصݹȥһˮ㣬û˸һỹó緹ء
ģٶЩҶܳꡣҶظĵ˵
ǳԲԵ⣬β̫ܳࡣҶƿʣµΣٳԡ
ҶӰһڷŽͷӦһ
緹ԵݣƺϺ峴Ҷ
¸ɾɳӵβˣҶɩϴ飬ȷݱһණûУȻˮݵȥϴнȥȣŴտƲȥĭ̳á
ѹùˮٵͺʹнⱬ㣬иͻǱزٵĵϣǸһ¹ܿŨǺ˵ζ
ҶҶſƣҶŲζ㵽
ݲͬƺϺ峴Ҷ嵭Ĳɫպ以ǰ߳кϺеζһζûУ߸ʮˬײ߲֮˱Ҳضá
Ҷ˳Եֻ죬ֻҪһ£͵ͻ磬ǳ·
ҶпҪоƾͺˡҲǳʺ¾Ʋˡ
оưҶ̫¿ӣóһƿ׾ƣ֮ǰʱûľơ
ҶҲȻ׾ζѣеĺȾܲˡ
ݱյ֮սСǳԱҲûģȻǻûжã⴫ҵ
Ҷɵ÷׾ƣ̾˵ˡ
Ҷĸһۣҿֻ˵˵ﻹ֪жء
ҶǸµĵģ㲻أԴӵϴ峤֮ÿ춼ֺǺǵزٳִ¡
ˡ
ҶЦеģտҶ´Ϣ˲ת
ôģǸ˵˽ɽҪСģզ˱߸ҧˣ
ʱɽ˶࣬ǲһǸŴɽǰҶ˽½ɽҲ٣ϾɽԵﶼԼģø˷֡
ǰɽĴˣûʲô£Ψɵùսɽûһʱͱҧһڣûʶ֪ûж
ɱҧ֮տʼһжļûûһ£ԣȻֻ˰ʱɫĵڵϣŽɽ˿ɾ޴ˣֻģ́ش塣
ҶҶ褸ϵʱλ´Ѿɫɵ״ǲѡ
С´ʣҧôֱӻ
׳սսػش𣺡û¡
Ҷ֪ǴᲡˡԼû¡
ȻС´֪ôģ֮ǰ˵ҧܾ֮˶𣿡
˶ᵼ¶ظӣԴӴɽԿʼҶ֯˺ü򵥽ѧλ´̴ƳˣоͰҧ˺ĳʽ
׳˵ǲ֪ж
⻰˵ģҶ褶뷭ۡ
С´ٶ˵ֻʵѪ𣿡
м˵ģ׳۾ֱͷˣøɾһֱ³ѪǺɫĲͣ
û˿ڰɣ
ģҺأ
һһ֮С´ӿͳǴĶߣüûĶߣҲ֪ǲߵġ
Ҷ褸ſȥֻ߲㳤ͷǣƽɫԺںɫغɫΪ̱ڵϣΧк嶯ˣƻᱻӸŵ
С´Сۣҿʲôߣ
´ϳˣ̫һߣҩɡ
ҩҩİơ򼡣
ҶŶе㺦¡
ˮÿһηͬʱԲΪˮ壬Ѭѡ1
Һ߶ԲǿɺȹҩõòˣȻȴһ֢ˣҶ֪֢̱
ɵڴȻ󲨣ٲ͵ʵʵλ´̵֪ʶ
ͬʱָͶҶҴ˾ӣЩûֵأŴպԴΪȻҶҺ˵£һˮǽ侲ŷɣٰȡ
쿪ʼһֱ죬ֱҽµʿȺϹʱűûԾ
ҽ·ʿʮֻʵȻϣҶҴʱЩʣ¶ʮֻ
ֻӦҶҴҲˣԼõһģһ
ǶʮֻǸճ˸֮ģ͵Сʺ䣬СһĻụ̂ٴһӦԲڡ
Ҷûʲôʳװҽʿܾ罫ȥ
뿪ʱЩվ¥ĿԶȥ׺궼ûˡ
ҶסֱۣС˵ʱҸȥһ˾߳ǡ
΢΢һ㶣ȻӦá
ΪĲݳûɣȺʱڿιǵһȺֻ߰СЩӾʢǵƤҪιȺǵľ˵ҲǼ¡
ҶϸԱȹ͸ջһȺ򣬷ͬһƷֵģҵֱ룬۾Ҷ䳤Ҫ/ϴӦ򣬶ջëɫףͷСǺܵ͵ɽ
˵ɽ򳤱죬ộʺϳ⣬Ǽҵ෴򳤱̶࣬ʺϼ̡
ɽһֵĻҽһӣ˵ɽ򶼰ԣҶô︾˽˺ϣҲֳ֪ܲ
л˵
1:ԡζҧЧ鷽


78 
¹һ, ں̲ϵӱ𽥿ʼѿΡΡ¶ͷͬʱֲĲƤҲץסµ, γһƬ͵Ĳݵ, ¿, ĺʹ̵Ĳݵط·ɳĮ飬ԵøƯ
Ҷ褶Ժ̲ڵӻǲ̫⣬δΪǴֳϺĲ֮, ΪܴԿԻ㡢㡢㡢ȸִ࣬ҪǲĻҲԸֳϺз
߲ݳǷĺõطţ, , ɢļѼڰ춼ڲݵɻ˷ιԼڲݵʳѺС, , ٽ˰ǸϻشϢ, ʽɢӪֵɲ͡
ȻˣڵĲݳδɹģû취㹻ĲϣΪһһֻÿҪԵĽ, ôʮֻһҪԵӽһٽ, ɲǸСĿ, ΪӪǣôιʳƤɡѱ֮ľϡ

Ҷÿ𴲺󶼵ȥˮͺһȦȷûʲôܰĻؼҳԷ
Ϊʱ̫ȣȫ˶Ըţͨһ·ֻһˡ
쵹Ǹ⣬ڻؼҵ·ʦʦͽܺʹѵҶҶҲУǼڴһɳϣ֧һӣһ飬ˤЩûϵıΧһȦԹۡ
ҶӾΧ֮һ̧ۿҶ褺ӣͳ֣˵¸дء
Ҷ⻰ĸˣԼ¾ͼҶߣȻ͸Ⱥ϶￴
ֻмλվˣֱҶҶ£ʵûʲôʽ򵥵ûȭҶҲýζϾ򵥹򵥣ȴЧ
ҶʤһҶڵءΧȺ֧Ҷı׷кã֧ҶµĵҲûֻȭͷһļǸʹ
ҶҶ±ǲźߵһ߿ʼĵá
뿪֮дλúܿ˲ϣֵĴҶפ㿴һתؼҡ
յҾͿҶ̫ҨˮϴĢһĢͬһƷֵģԲͷԲԵĢСĢõĢζƺͷĺͷ֮ϣɫʻƵĻĢʺ϶ڻ߰ڡ
Ҷ̫˵ǰ˳꣬ϳĢⲻժһӶûժ꣬ڻء
Ҷ褹ȥϴĢ̣Ģӳ԰ɡ
ɣһĢڵİӡҶ̫ˬӦϴˣȥڵµĺû
֮ǰɽϵĺժһһƤҶ̫ͰЩǽߵҶӣѾȥ죬ȷʵǵʱˡ
òֽϵˮѭżķſߵǽߣӿóƽĵطڣԼֻһָôȾͿﱻֽŵĺҡ
óƤѾãɫҲڣֻҪһƤʹӺϵ
ֻǺһǺ࣬Ҷ褼״ӾҡһͰˮɫĺϴɾŽװɹ̫¡
ճĺʰ۵ģЩҶеѾһʱĺңʶɫͱɻƺɫģҸ֬ҶϲԸճĴʣ߰߳ԣԼܳһ롣
ʰúңҶ褾ͿҶĸſˡ
жкҶ褵øľ
ҶæѾϴɾľ˹Ȼ̽ͷ̽ԣҶĸһۣڵķŲŲȷܿ塣
һƬܴҶӣùβͲϵýģ⿪βͲݺҶ褲ŷҶŵľȻʵݮȴ¶ˮɫӼһԵʮˬ
ȻˣֹӲݮжҲ˳ƺΪʵ˶ôֻҰӡ
ҶĸŽɹȵľˮϴɾϴ˵ﳤ˲ٹӣҹǹǳԿ϶ǳԲģɹ͹ͷŰɣˣһ׹ˮҲ𡣡
ҶὨɹɹҲԡǹɻǹû߹ԵĶǸο
ҲԡҶĸһƤпҶ˲д֭ˮ
ʱҶɩҶɩһɻŽǱϵҲװ˸Ģľ⣬ݮݮҰӡ
ľǲֱӳԵģҪɹȥкʣĢȻû⣬ɹɺҲܹãҶɩϴɾ֮󣬾ͽƽǰԺĵɹڵ̫ҵĳ̶˵Լɹá
ʣҰҶĸ֣ձƳɵǽϣڹﰾŨ״̬ղŨĶȣԵһιˮҪǹײɢ֤Ũã֮ʹҪ谾
ʢŹմɹޣҶװһŷֹӲˣմɹ޶ǰسģôЩЩˣЩװĴ̲ˣʣµʵࡣ
˵ǵǿԿʼˣֻҪҵʺյٰҤˣ˵Ҳ򵥣˵ѵҲѡ
ҶµʱҶ̫Ѿͺ˻Ģڶ׼ʼӣӾͿҶͷǺĽţʵĶȥˣûӰ
ҶʻĨ˰ش𣺡ڹ㳡ʦֵдء
Ҷ̫һ£ͷԸҶһҰ㳡ȥ˳ǵؼҳ԰ӡ
ҶӦһȻ߸˵ܡ
ȥԹӰɣӵĻǡ˵һҶ褽ݣ㿴ɹˣϽȥһ
Ҷһ·˫գǲǶ߹ֻǽǴñѣϾ˺ͮͮӣ١
ҶĸĶͷ´λҲǴñ
ҶԶЩ飬ӶһҰݣʢõˮͰϴɾȻͿϺһҩ࣬˫ĸоݺ˿
ҰģȲͬ
ֻ֮һҪȻԶһóԲ緹ˣҺЩȸߵˮȽϿθ߰͸ոպá
һҶܵ㳡ҰָˣȻ࣬㹻ÿ˳һζ
ųҶͻȻ˵Ҫں̲ЩԣʲôҰԶԣֳȻܺãֲҲûɶ£ǷЩˡ
⻰׷ͬͷʱģЩҲܴʱ䡣
ǰȻͷпֵ̲ϡ
ҶҲֳ֪ܲǾ
˸ҰѶúõռؼҺ󻹰Ҷ³Ҳ
ҶЩ棬һҶӵ뷨ش˼˵԰Ǹ⡣
ܰղֲͬͬˮ͸ˣȷһļʵˮԳԣֻһͲʺںֲ̲ʺҸĵطγɹģ
Ǵ屳ǸɽȾǸѡ񣬺νϵͣͬʱһϪůʪ󣬷ǳʺϹɳ
뵽Ҷ褲ɵ̾˿ԽԽֻ࣬һһʱ仹࣬һȫꡣ
ռӻֱֲĿʼ
˹滮ţԷʱЩĲɡ
ȻĢڵİӸһھͰʶ˻ʱԺĵһ־ǡʡֻͨʳĻһȴʮİƤгĢ֭ˮͼ㡣
ճʱȺİóԣҶ˶ͷԣû˵ټĻƹϺܲСʮˬһ¨ʮӻһٸˡ
극ûϢãҶַ̫ԸҶֵѰҰҶС͹ȥ
ٻʱֱһһ⣬ҵ
Ҷ̫ӹ⿴˿Ц˵廨Ժ⻹ģ
׷ԣǼûдˣҪʳ䣬ҶܾòЩʲô˷һɣϻٳһٰӡ
У԰ǰɣͷЩǳԡ
Ҷ̫㣬С۶࣬ĢҲ٣ϡҲټɹɵĺʡӺӣ֮ɵǰһ㲻ȱĲ
ߵ̫ʱԺĸɻ͹Ӷ̰⣬𽥱ɹˮ֣ƤήȻǲ̫ÿģ㹻𣬳ζ
ЩͶɹˣҶ˷׷׿ʼæµΪЩҪֿãԵװľ䣬ǰ˵ؽѣӦܱá
Ҷ褿ؽѵʳ㣬ָоͺϷһŬѿⷿӶС
ʳСۡססȵȣ㹻һҳϺüˣο


79 ɽ
ܿ촫Ϣ, ɽԵĴһСʯͷҶ褼ͷҶԶʮּضҶ˵֮ǰҵĶＯµʯͷ, ҵ, ǵطӹԶ, һ뿪ɽˡ
Ҷϸϸҵġ
ҶԶش˵ҲǼ£Ǳ׷һȺ¹˳²һ䣬Ⱥ¹ܵ, Ǹں߰յټ׷˺ܾò׷ϣͬʱҲʱ䣬ûüش壬ɽϴҹ
˵⻰͵ˮһȸɡ
ŻûҶ˵, ҶӾʹߴ, Ȼأ
ȻǺᴩɽɽһ濴һǺ̫, ǺϢˮ, ԭֻЩ, û뵽Ǹսӽ߾ͿֻΧһʯͷš
ҶԶ߱Ȼ˵ʱҾһĴȣⲻ˵ʲôξ𣿡
ҶĬĬΡ
ˣɶһػ֣ʲôǰɣҰʯͷһ, ʯͷϻˮ, ˮҲװЩ, 
Ҷ褽ӹʯͲʯ飬оͨʯ飬ֻ΢ЩЩĩͲˮֳһֹɫƯŲ״Ҷ˲ʹ˳һڵ뷨ĬĬͲ˻ȥ
ȻҶ褷˳һģҶȴû£ǻûҶ褷ӦֱӴʯ飬ĩŽ
ʲôŰ³
ҶƷ˰Σ³Ȼ˷ܵ˵Ҿŵζ
⻰ҶԶҲ˳ĩе̣ǲҵˡ
ȷҵùȥۿҶü˵
ô˵Ѿ˼ְգ㲻ΣǿʯͷҲнᾧ塣
Ҷ֪º󣬺ܿİҶͷϴ׳һȥ֮⣬ﻹͼһֶҶӵλʦ֣ٺԡ
Ͻȥ˯ǻءճҶ̫ͿʼߴټＸҪŵȥϴ˯
аҶ϶ҶҶӡҶֵܡ
Ҷ϶ǾˣʮַḻҶҶһ﹦õġ
Ҷ褴ǷԺˢ׼˯ˣڿ˯ʱͻȻţֱ˵
ԭҶĸ߽һҷҶߡ
ó࣬ŸĲҩǵôãǧˡ
Ҷ褴չȥɢζװбɺͰ
ҶĸҶ褵ͷ˵һתʹôһ㳤ôˣܸоûء
ҳ󣬶ıҶİҶĸĸ첲ϣȥɽΣҪҵδһʱ䶼Ϊη
úӣҪעⰲȫǶҪƽƽҶĸ֣ص˵
ͷİɡҶҲ֣Ӧ
ڶһ磬֮˼Ҷ˴̣Ҷ褼Ҳ⣬Ҷ̫ǰ緹üʢըʮִ֮࣬仹˸ȥ硣
ҪŵˣǽɽʱƥţԼŶˣҺװС׳ԵĶ
Ҷɩ˵æóһͷŽ
ԼֵС״ʳ̧ͷ
ɽ֮Ȯ¿ɲ٣õİ֣νɽ׼һСףһҶԶҵĺ̿
緹һ˾Ͳ賿¶ˮɽˣҶûƥҷһıϵǸԷ
һֶͷҶԶָ·Ҷڶм䣬Ϻ
ҶһֱעСףԽԽˣС治Ȯһ·˫ֱֱģ·һз紵ݶ;ؿȥ
ֻȮͲõڲݴߡ
ʱţ̫¶𽥿ʼһϵĺˮƵһε䣬ʱʱ͵šˮҺһڡ
Ҷ褼˺ȥϪϢɣܲһǺȵˮ
ͷ˵ǰнٶȣҪܵϪߣҪȻŻûȵʱӿЩٶȣȡ֮ǰȥ
УҶ߿Щܾ絽Ϫ߾Ϣ
䣬һнٶȾ͵õ˵ר·һľͺױϵٰ
ԼʱҶ褱оĿʪǰˮĶС
Ϫһ˫һܵһ߿絽һߣϪӶ͵ұ£ײʯγˮ飬ѵʯһ㣬ӳ£߲ʵĹ
һ˼ΧȷûдͶҶԶŻڣֻһ˫۾ɫĺ̿תƣҶó¯Ӻ͹ʼˮ
Ҳ֪ǲҶ褵ĴܾճϪˮȻЩ𣬱ȼľˮҪúȡ
ͷտˮѴӼС׼¶ǣΪȣװڿС׼ͷβȵģõĳԻӡ
Ҷ褲ųԵһʱҶӾѾˣĨ죬²Ŷȥιµƥ
һᣬ翴ɫ˵Ϣʱߡ
ҶǷ˯һᡣ
磬ټ·ЩƣˣϢʱܱһֱźá
ã㿿˯º͵˵
Ҷ褱磬½ξҲ֪û˯ţǼʼŵı
С˯ʱȷʵܹЧѹʱֻоԼԭ֫±
ˣСʣϴ׼ˡ
šҶӦһѹе£Щơ
ֱϪˮϴѹ֮ǰصһСտˮˮܹṩʣǲĲѡ
һʰ궫ͼ·
ҶԶָ߱·Ϫǰʱ·Լ֣ܵʺ¶ޡ
Ҷ⻰̾˿Զ
ɲǣһ·ϱȽϰȫȺߺ֮ġ
ȻҶԶ˵⻰ͻȻһֻܣ׶ߣػɫëȫʮ𺳡
ҶӼԾԾһûζء
Ҷ褰һۣסĸ첲Сѵ»û꣬ǧ¡
ҶȻҲ֪صģͷؿһܣȻ͸뿪
һֱ˵ӰʱҶŸ˵ѻ졣
ҶԶʾԼ޹˭֪ͻȻðһֻܰ
Ҷ϶Ҳ뻰⣬ֻǲǵҶҵֻܡ
ǡҶҡҡͷ˵Ҽǵ˵ֻĸôߣô˵ҲˣֻС˵㡣
ֲݺۼӦûûꡣ
Ҳ˵ɽϲֹһֻܡ
һ·洦ɼҰӣʱϢҶ褻ժһЩӲɾָˡ
ɽ֭ˮḻɽɿڣҰӼ΢졭
۵ʱٺһˮҶ褵һ·̣ʣµ·͸һˡ
׼ȷ˵ϡ
Ĵһ˵֮󣬵һ¾֦ͿҶ֧ӣסһոպá
ȻһֶЩɲ񱧻ҶʯȼҶ϶ҶԶҶֻȮѲܣٺߵҩӪ⡣
ûš
ûҶ϶˸߲ҵػˣҶȥƺʲô
ȻҶһǾȲС׺ͺ̿ץֻҰãˡ
ҶûҰãСı޵úӡ
С׹ɵضߣͷ̿Ǽͷ֣Ц
ֻҰñƤϴõϪ߹ˮҶ褿ʼ࣬俾ָֻȮӲ͡
ʣµͿϴκ֦ơ
Ÿ˳ֻȻǳԲģʳǴӼİЩϡ˿˿ģҶϲԡ
ӵеɲһȾûʣµıҶ϶Ƿʳ
ʣĹͷڵƤĨһʣĻңȻŰŰ
ȼһҹûϨټҹҶһ˯ñȽϰȣȻҹܹ϶Ǻ
Ҷ褱Ѻ˫סĶ䣬С˵ʱ硣
۾û뵽ɽǡ
ֹһֻǣһȺǡɫص˵ҵȺǳһᵽɽΧӡ
ҲعڵǣǴ廹ΧǽءҶüص
ִǷĨȥ۽ǵˮ˯ɡ
áӦһ
ɽϵҹ䣬Ǿ˯ҲȵͷǺڰҹڽֺܸܵ⣬ҪǼ
˯֮ǰصشӿó£Ҷϡ


80 ź
ڶҶǱгѵ, Щ˵ϺǺлһ˹
ð֦մˢ, һû, Ǿտˮ԰, Ҷûʲôθڣֻ˰ͳԲȥˣֻøɾҶӰʣ°ȶʱٳԡ
нǸ, ر̫رʱ˵һҶӻ̸˵أǽ۵ñˣ˵ˣûС
Ҷ褼״ӿóժɽһ˷˼, ͱᵹ, Ҷӱ߳ԱüȴҲ᲻³
һ˵˾, ٶȶЩ
ɽ¶һҹ, ҶԶָǰսǼ˵쵽, ȥƬӾС
⻰Ƿ׷׼ӿŲǰߣȥһɲǣҶԺͻȻԨڡһԴǡһ仰ʮ, Ȼʡ
ӭ, ġ8һ, меӳɽͺɭ֣ʱӺԾ𣬾ӨƬ˸ŹâҶ۳ŸƯһſ˫Ծ񲻿òࡣ
мֻںн׵Ե쳣
⣬ɼСͶںߺˮҶ褾ȵǣȻֻܣһһСӦĸ͸رĶһŴȻѵõ
ԶʱҶԶ·ָһˮ˵㿴ڻ¹ǿʯͷ
ҶȥǴˮʵģҲ֪Ǻԭ
߹ȥ֮󣬶ץһڱǼᣬζŵζ
Ҳ׷׿ʼ۲Χ
ʱսˮӵҶͻȻ̧ͷǿ
ˮĶһۺɫһȻɫӨ͸ģƯҶ֪ⲢˮΣɫԽ͸ʹʵԽ
ⶫƯﵱװҲÿҶ϶
װεġҶһ龧˵ôҺڻ
ҶӰѷĩŽﳢ˳̵ģѲҪҵΣ
ӦþǡҶ褿Žµĵ˵Ҫû´Ļھڵʯβ㡣ֽʯΣʵһ˼
ǵ͵ĻѧĿһڵ¼׵ײȣҶֻĿһЩɵʱס
Ȱˮݱϵζռɫģֻ͸ġ
Ϊ֪γζΣҶ϶صȥץһֻɼˮëҶ褰ɼгС飬һһ˵ǼһֶӰҵ˼Ģûģϴɾڹܿżһˡ
ɼۣǳʺʹֱ߲ѷֻҪһξʮˡ
̵ļһҶ褱㳤˿ζ˲丧ο۵顣
ټϲԼĢĢ󶼼еҲû˸˶ڳԼ⡣
극һ΢ϢһᣬͿʼȵؽҵҶҲȥС첲СȴҶ϶Ǹˣֱһȥ档
û棬͵ԼǺԱˮҶ褲֪һһ߻вʳʳɼӾͲö˵ˣѵһĢҰҲкܶࡣ
Ҷ褳ʱ򣬺ܿкϢεҶ϶ǣοڵҲֻܽңֻһʱڵ˽ᾧ壬۵ʵ٣ŹȫϺüˡ
Ҷºץʱ򣬴Ӻóһ֦ĲĹӡ
˵ݺ±߷ֵģҼǵñ㲻ǴӵĺЩɻǲֱӰⶫȥܳҶɻˣ
Խ˵ԽСΪʱҶѾ۷ŹˣȲؽӹں߰ϴɾ¶Ƕԭò־дƣмнں;Ÿ׶
ź
ǲǻһ״ģкܶԲӶĶҶ褼ʡ
Ҷӻһ£еģҸ
һֻµƣٴθʱץɫԲ
Ҷ褽ܵźԲӶӣҲܳԡ
Ǽ˵źóԣҲóԣģͺĥɷۣźˣǺ͸ӣܳһ
Ҳܺóԣ΢΢еɬðоΪоرĿζȴҩüֵ
Ҷ£˷׷ײʿˮ
ǻȥʱժЩźӣҲں
źгɺƬһ֭źƬִ㣬ÿ˶Եýζ
һ죬ǿҪΡ
Ϊ˰Щش壬Ҷ϶֦ľͷӣʵֻҪõľͷβгһVͣľͷ̶һ𣬰ĽҪʵһЩҪȻľ·ɢܡ
ڻش·Ҷ褳ƵǹУܾԼ϶ˣȥ֮Ҫĵһ¾ϴ衣
Ȼһ·ֵòժҰ谭ǻشٶȣиɽɽ髶Ѿ͸ˣ˲פ㡣
Ҷû÷˰ʱϵɽ髶ժˣװ
ڵʱѾǵˣƮһơ
ŵҶһǴɽӰ㼱æš
ҵ𣿡
Ҷ褵ͷʾƥŵľϿʱòˣôһ¡
ɫ͸λ٣඼ʵģ˵ʽ϶࣬Ҫᴿʳá
ҶЦúϲ£죬ֻҪξС
ǽҶҲܿ͸˹ǷҶ褵ļ򣬽ŵز쿴ûˣúõģЦÿȻؼϢһЩΡ
ҶȷʵۣͷӦá
תֿ·ϲժҰʵЩأ
ժľԼְɡ
ǰͷƽ֣Ƕǽƽϵˣһһ㶼ûϵ
ֻǴӷһ£͸Ͻظҡ
Ҷ褸ջؼҾֱӱҶĸ§ڻϸ飬鵽֣ڿҶϱ֦˵˺ۺܡ
𣿡
ҶĸᣬҶûԼˣϵ˺ۣǺܳ΢һʹ
ˣġҶҶĸ˵һĨһҩͺˡ
ʱҶ̫ƿ߹ˮѾպˣȥϴϴȻԵ㶫ú˯һ
ҶԵͷסǷȻ˫գӦȥ
跿ӣůˮе˯ҪҶĸһҪֱԡͰ˯ˡ
߷¶ޣʵû˯ãҶ褴ҴҺһƬͻ˯ˣҶ˶֪۵òᣬ˯ŵʱ򣬶ᶯʼʰĶ
Щʶľʱŵһߣɽ髰һ£п׶ϴϴֱӳԣõɽ髹ͷĢҰϴһ£ȵڶ̫ɹɣСҰɽѺ͵˶ԣܳꡣ


81 ɽѩ
ϳƵһҹ, Ҷ˯ú㣬ͻȻԵʣڶѹʱȫ, ӷ, ´ʱһ, űһˤڵϡ
緹Ե÷ʢҶûʲôθڣ̲˺һͱˣǼƬ̵ʳ, һģֻСģƵʳûûΣζȽϵһ, ʤڴ̲˾ͺܺóԡ
Ҷ̫ҶĸԵò, ׷׵ǵüͷʲôҪҪԣ
Ҷһ뵽ûθڣصز˰, ˬһ, Ŵ׺֡
ҶҶͷ, ̣Ժ⡣
ԳԳԣҶ̫˵ﰵţаײ˺Ծһײ˺һ˿, ټһ⡣
ʲôҶʱ֪, ֻ֪Ҫʼ׼ɹ, ɹǰĵһ¾һأԴ󵫲ú˴׳ֻʱڵòˡ
ʱƽƽȴɹʱ׻ɹβ
Ҷ룬Ҷɼȥˮ೧ˮ࣬Ҫ㹻Ϳ
Ȼʱ谭ɹεĲ¸߰¶ĥ
Ͽɲֻˮ೧ֽǳֻǳڱѣҶиҰϣδָĳӡ
ˮ೧ҵĿ׳̹ҲðҶվϹ۲һˮ࣬ɫ˲תؼҳԷ
緹ȻûаףǸŴĺҲܺóԣǽгɿڸ죬ʱں󵽸ϣڵĸ׾ʹŵζ
˿к콷ཷͻɫ˿ɫžͺʳҲضãζ俪θײ˺Ļƹһģζء
ʮˬһٷü˺ϲ̺ҶҶֵ⣬ûѵʣ֮һ
ҶӶԴ˺ܲ⣬ôóôԣ
ҶĽؿһѵ㲻ôȵԲȥ𣿡
ĶԲ°ҶҲܲΪλûθڣرô࣬Ͷˣܳһ뷹
ҶĸЦģʱ廰ҪкӸһĺθҾͷˡ
Ҷ̾ҲĽоҶӾǸ࣬Զ˯һòˣԸʱͦõġ
ˣϽʰʰԹȥҶ̫Ǹߣһæأժɽ髵ɹҪԲ͸ûˡ
ɽ髳ɽ髾ɽƬɽ髸ɽѩȡ
ҶϲɽѩҪһɽ髹ϴɾģһ˿ˮֶûУɽ髵ȥȻһӴӸͱϱߣһҲˣɸɾһɽ髷
ҪʼˣϡڹﻯҪһһ߽裬Ҷ浹Щ״׼ӿ˪γɣһɽѩϸ˵ʧܵģΪûܹ˪
Ҷ褷˼һ£̫żˣϡŨԵڶʱһֱȵϡʼðݵʱ򣬲Űɽ髵ȥ¾裬ɽ髱ڹ˪ͬһһССѩ
д𣬺ܿͳΪ³衣
Ҷ̫ļɽ髹ʽ˵֪͸Щɽѩ򡣡
ⶫţǹõ㡣Ҷ˵
ˣ㿴ٶȣƵȲʱȫˡҶ̫Цŵ٩ʳƵġ
ʱҶͷˮɽԣٳԵΪá
ҷһ֣Ҳʣ¶٣кǽ¡Ҷ̫вͬ
Ҷͷ˵ϱǺܿͱ죬Ȼûأûס⣬ִһɽѩŽɬģִ𣬺óԼˡ
Ҷ̫͵ûĶϹͣ˼ɽѩԸҶҶȥСؼҸڰ˴ҾߣĺֵҲǴֵ֣ļҾҲģġ
ΪˮٽͿĨҪʱ䲻̣Գοеʱ䣬Ҷ褰Ӵˣ`ҶջӰݴһСڣȻˮݣԼӾܷѿˡ
ӵʱһɻʣΪҪһڣ
Ҷ褱߼߻ش𣺡ΪӵƤȽϺҪǲû˳ѿ
Ҷɩ⻰ɵøп࣬Ҳ࣬Ҫǻпƾ٣ô˵ù״Ԫȥ
Ҷ褰ڰ֣ûûСǵøл·ɸĽָռ䣬Щ֪ʶпġ
õӱʢװˮҶ⼸һˮ˵ʵе鷳ģֻ㷢ѿˣֻҪһ뵽źζ޶
ѿ֮ӱ׵࣬ҶҲ֪ܲܳɹɣѾˣʣµֻ

ˮ೧õˮһʱ䱻ͿĨϣˮཥ̺ɢɫĹ
Ĳͺܼˣô͵ҶǴνᾧڻٰڻˮﵹ󾭹̫ıɹЩˮＴʳΡ
ķõǳĴΣһᴿҪĹվʱûģԴѾڣԭӹٸεĴʵࡣ
ɹõĴصףһɨռ˿⾰׷ֵúϲ£죬Ҳȱˡ
˲ŵʣˣ
Ҷ褵ͷȻȻΣԳ
ЩηŽ̵ζǰһ̶³û뵽ξȻô򵥵һ¡
ͲѣֽκեǣֻҪ֪ԭԭϵ£Ǽѵ¡
Ҷ˵갵Ҫ˵ѣǾǸֿƼˣǷ硢һļҪ̳ϼѣŴԭеļȽ֮¾ͱȽϼ򵥡
ðð
˵⻰ǰδ峤״̫Ѿܾûˣһ֪ɹγɹ£㲻ŹҲҪվرϣ۾עһһΣ촽ڲ
ѡδ峤ʵѡˡ
ҶߣǱϿģҵĹ͡
һǰ峤ο˵
һֱ￴ȫװʱ뿪
ЩοûֶһҲ
ȱεΣƽȹ֮󣬴ҲвΪ֮ľǽׯڣոׯڹȻǼ˵£ͬʱҲˣʱǰ嶼ܰڴۼҳ̵ĸ˶ûٳ˵ʱ䲻ɴ˯һ
ȻҶ褲ոׯڣˣﻹĶˮעġ
һʱ˵ˮˮĶõʱ̣ˮҶ褴˴굾룬ȫǱĵ˿
ȻǺһƣĶҲջһʮףȫȲϱߵĲջδһֲδûлջࡣ
ҶһЩûѿǵĵ֣Щˮ
ˮֵʳˣҶȫ߰ȫ꣬˶۵ùǺڿ˺üŻ
Ҳ֪ǲΪ̫ۣҶַ̫ˣθһԸ˼֣۵ֱ
Ҷæȥ´
ûһ´ҩϹˣָҶ̫ϣĬεëѪµʹѸΣȿӻһ°ɡ
ӣһҪڷһǼòסȷڻ˫£ЧӦûá
´õҩĶɽժģಢ࣬һЩõĶУҩЧرá
߿ҩ߶պ̫̫ǧٹۣĻܲɾͲɡ
ҶԷ׷׵ͷӦǡ
Ⱥ´뿪ʣԼ˵ʱҶϴԹο´˵ĻˣԺٳǿʳ½Ǿˡ
Ҷ̫öȣȴҲԼ⣬üë˵ⲻв𡣡
Խӻ߻ҶɩӻջǲЩ
ӻԼֺӦһٽ̽¡
ãҺ˾ͽ㡣Ҷ̫Ťͷ˵
ҩļɴһȳζһòҶ̫ϡ
̣̲
СҶ̫ǿ˵˵㣬ܸסʹ
ܵ齥̾ҩȻãҵ١
ҩҲҶ̫
ҶҼǵûشõĳ´һҲΪóҪͷȥһ˺ںӴ壬ѳ´ɡ
ںӴڵǸ壬ΪǴǺںسˣԼ˺ں֮
Ҷ϶һȲ˵ҾÿԣʹƸЩ
Ҳûͬˣͳ


82 
˽, ҶеʱֻҶҶˣΪܾ絽Ŀĵأصشǣ¿, ٶȵǿ˲, ʱ͵˺ںӴ塣
ӳҶĺںӴɱ֮ǰҪ̻ö, ʯͷﶼ˻𿻣ʱǳ緹ʱ򣬼Ҽһд
ټϺںӴĴ򸴵ָ¿⼸ĸ, ÿջʱҲмٽʳʡŵԾͲ
ҶʹΪβغںسǾסϾ޸ܱؽףȻ򸴵Ļش˺ܾãԭسǲֹ̮һ, ǵصһֱ, ԵɵݣҪȥһۣ֪Ѿһ˵ص¡
򸴵֪ǵ, ǲ˽´, Լ顣
´ʣѪµʹ
Ҷͷ˵ǴĴϵġ
βſڣЩ굹ĵĻ, 費١
ļǶšҶ˵
Ǻãһȥҩ䡣´Ӧһ
ҩõͰλõĻޣǳԷļһȻز١
ش·ϣ´пոҶ˴, ԭҶ褾ͦõ, Ӧûʲôë, ´εĽȴһ¡
֮ǰ˵Ӳ۵ĻȻں˲٣ǱȲˣ⼸ÿ嶼ۿɼĽ׳ֻܶ࣬㻹Ǹǰһ
ü˵ʱ۵úˣ˵һŹ¾׶ѣټϻпܻһ
⻰Ҷ褻ûü˵أҶͽʵҪҩûʲôõķ
´ջ֣˼һǲҩģȻʹˣ͸䷢ҪȻСﵽױɴ󲡣ֻҪעһ㣬һܵĵط͵ͣ
ȻˣҶ褾ʱˣҲֻһ֡ܡһֱûء
´ָҶҶһ˶׳øͷţƵģһ㲡ûУǽҪ˵ĻҶ΢ЩϻﳤڴҲܼ򵥣ֻҪȼˮС
Ի˰ɣҲܺáҶһ뵽ĿζʹʵǲǸ
Ҳȷʵ´˵ԻĻԶˮٶЩͶ֮ġ
лʱ¿𽥿ҶҴ壬ȳ´ٴ̧ͷʱͿһĺǰ
ˮ΢Ĵ·΢̲ȫǸðѿݣмźĻƵСЩʱ̲ӣСïʢݱ̲ϵĸľͳƵǸߴϡˣаȡ
ǵֵ֮ģ
Ҷ˵ǵģԭֻǸӣҲ֪ʲôʱͻȻˮγһں̲ݣϣܿЩɡ
´Ը̾Ǵ治
ҶЦŻصǴһԸ㣬ûг͢Ҳ࣬һͣνײ裬ľӡ
˵úá´һ䣬˻ĲЩ
¿һڣŵĴ˱㽫Ŵƿ
Ҷ³ʵûʲô°ɣʵֻһʣö̶һʲô¡
û뵽Ҷ˨ȴͷ˵м£һ̶֧ӣ˵ǴϷģͷ̶ͷ˵ǻһɳϰ̯ǴҪĶͿԹȥ
ǻһֽдſԽн׵Ķ
Ҷšüʣֽںδ
⡣ҶҼ˵ƣҿмҪġ
Ҷӹֽ߬תͷҶȴų´ؼȥġ
áҶӦһ
Ҷ褹ȻֽдʲôֽؼңʱٿҲ٣ڻҪ
´ҩֵܺߵҶңڿڿҶ̫󣬾һѺӣڵ
ʹ´£ֻǸϸ¼֡
Ҫа޾ͺˡ´չҶ̫ϵġѨѨԼίѨѨλϡ1ıź˵ĵЧá
Ҷʣʲô
ðҶƳɵİ߰´͵İȿԴ̼Ѩλ
ݰҶһڴ·
Ҷ˼صͷ
´Ͳ˵ֻרĸҶ̫ģԼӵʱ䣬Ű
ԭֻҪӣǵһģټѪ״Ƚأõʱ㳤Щ
һû취ȫٰĲС
Ҷų´ĶȻ˵ǾͶˡ
˵õģǸͳ´һεıʳ´һҳ죬Ϊ·̽ΪңԶ´ҪҶסһǵڶȥ
ԡ´Ҷ̫˵
Ҷ̫Сֳſϲ˵Ȼһ㶼ˣĵļտ
´ŻȥЦˣЩûȷʵЩ衣
ǫ顣Ҷ̫ȲشЬµػ壬˵䲻ЦĻҴûôãӶˡ
Щǧż˾Ϣ´ֶ
λûҶ̫ش𣬾˽ƿӣ淣˵պˣҪȳԷɡ
ΪҶһֱûҶͷİˣֱӳԡ
ԵĽӣֱǾ²˼ںͰײڵģϴ׾ͺܺóԣӻһɽѩ򵱷㣬ʳθ
´˺ǾϲԵһǣɽǴɽժ𣿡
ǰҪϲװȥ졣Ҷ̫˵˵
ǾͶлˡ´һ뵽СӺܾûԹСʳ᲻þܾĵıһЩ
һֱǳ극ҶûһҶԽ棬Ҳֽ֪ϵдЩʲô
ֺ浼Ҷ΢˻ҹ
֮æʵϷ̶Ǽٰ
ҶĨ˰˵Ӧģǲֹ֪ͨǴ壬񸽽ĴӶ֪ͨˡ
ֽݸҶ褣㿴ҾЩǴҪġ
Ҷ褽ӹֽźϸ˵ֽţʵȽӲһЩֽǰ͹ƽģ½лƣŷǳ֡
֣ǴסƥΡƤ֮ġ
ãҶĶǲƥ֪Ϊߣ͸˵˿ˣҪܻƥҲʧΪһ¡
ҸҪ̶ܹṩ鱨Ϸʲô
ҶʣҪȥ𣿡
ҶţȥдպɳϿᣬǴɳӦþԭȴӼĵط
˵õƤҲԴϣǿö
ǵǿȥҶ˵ʱҰɡ
ȻҶȴûͬ⣬ˣúڼϢɣҪ´˵չɴ󲡾Ͳˡ
ҶͰԺҶǵùȥһϢȻҲ˵ʵˣ»Ҹʡ
ҳ´Ҳû˵һֻпܰˣûʱлȣҵûоﲻƣ
Ҷǲͬ⣬Ǿһڼ
Ҷ춼˵Ҳûı뷨ֻҷս
ڿϣѵȵͷǺѱһߣ̱ɸͣȣټľֲͨ磬Ƶ˴
һᣬͻȻţһ
ŽҶĸһ裬Ҷ
ôأ
Ҷ˵У̫ˣ˯š
ߵģǾջ裬ʮȥһȻֻоȫ¶
Ҷĸſڣôȥ᣿
ҶԵͷǰǵϢ̫ӱ˿֪飬ܲԼۿϾ׻˵úãۼΪʵΪ顣
ǾȥɣǶ˵Ҷĸӹ˵
棿Ҷ褶ʱϲ
ʲôʱƭ㡣ҶĸͷϽ˯ɡ
Ÿ䣬ҶͻȻ¿뾪ȵʣɻ£
Ҷ褿˵ոˢˣ軹ˢһΡ
ҶĸŷƳһۣƵֻǺ˲裬ˢɣֲǳ˵ġ
ˮֲǰˮǵˢһ顣Ҫǲˢһҹȥ˯š
УȥɡҶĸҲûֹССϰ߶ѣ˴š
ڶոҶ׼¿ͳ´ؼң¿ϷһСɽѩһСɽ髹
Ҷ̫˵ǼԼġ
´ûƴǵֻ£ֻǵҶ͵طҪʱ򣬽һ޷ɹҩҶҶŴҶ褡
Ҷ뿪⿪ֽ˿
үүʲô´ֻСָֽɫ޵Ĺˮ
ɽѩ򡣡´ųȥǷһ֡
ãӳɽѩ۾ġ
´˳̾ǶԲϣܳƵģֻżժҰ


83 ̶
˵ҶҴ, Դ֪мῪʼЩĸϾЩʵʵڴ, òмֵôֵ, ˭һ¡
ȻΪȫ, Ҫȥ̽̽·Ҷ峤ͷҶ褡ҶҡҶԶҶ, 硢һͼֶ
Ҷû뵽ǣʦȻҲμӽȻҶҴĴ񣬵ǼôͷڸлûŮǿ
Ҷαͬ, Ȼʦ, ôµʦȻҲţȥһʮһˡ
˷糾͵ظϹֱС˺Զ, ڵĴҲǸҶҴ, ΨĴˡ
Ĳò, ٴߣĶѾӦ价ˡ
Ӷյ˼ϢȻҶ褵֪ºɵüͷν̶ô׼İϢ͹ģϾҶҴȽ, , һɽ, һ־ԭȵĺںسǼΪңԶشƫƧ
оڵĺںӴ壬û֪ͨ򸴼£Ҷͳ´ȥʱһ
ΪǸ̶֪ȴ֪ںӴ塣
Щɻʱûܸ𣬿ֻԼȥҴˡ
Ҷ˼ʱԶѾ˵⣬˵Ӳһȥһ˶󣬸ȫЩ
Ҷ⻰ܿͬջϣ
Զ˵ͷʱǴڻϡʱ賿ĵ㡣
Լʱ֮Ҫʲôȥϡ
С˵Ǵ࣬Ƥ࣬׼ЩƤȥЩɽ֮ģܻܲҪĶ
ԶҲ˵ǴҲ࣬ȻûƤļ࣬ӦļҲ٣ӦܻҪĶ
ҶҴʵһֻЩеģκϡĶʱ֣ܳΪ̫ϡУһ̰֮鷳ˣóľЩѵãȴûôϧĶ
Ǹɽ͹֮ģڵЩë߶ס
Զ˶û³ԷشˣҪڲߵĻƻȥͺˣҹ·ʵǲȫ
뿪֮ҶټҶ̸ͯһᣬĽղܶණȥϾǵһ죬ҪԹ۲Ϊ
ҶվֻһЩëºƤ
̸Ĺʱ仺ţҶٴ̧ͷʱŻȻԭѾˡ
ҶһؼңպøȺ
ŶʵҲȺģϳԵ棬ھˮݹģŸðͷԲԲССģƤⶼǳǳķɫˮڸҲɳɳģһζֻҪһκʹо͹ˡ
ҶԹǵζҲܲӦ˵ô̫ѳԡ
õرóԣһҶ˳Եøɸɾ
ȳ극һӾ͸Կʼϴ˯ĵ͵𴲣Ҫǲ˯ڶǻ

ǳʱ΢һ˸ż¿ڴӵ˻ϣڳϵҶӸʮˣټҶҴ˾ʮһˣ鼫Ӵ·ϳƵǺƺƵľ߰ȫС
һ·ҶѾܾû߹ˣԭȲȳĵѾҰֻ¿ݴٶȱԽԽ
¿ЩŲñҶ褽һӸɷ㳢Լɹģζ
罫ƫӲĿڸϲ֮ǰȥժӶ
ǰҶҲóһţɽѩó𣿡
ͷϲܺóԣû뵽ɽ髳Ǻ«ôóԵĶ
ǰɡҶЩԺ˵һ㳢ʳ
¶һĨ٩ЦݣҾ͵Ǳˡ
ĵʱһԶҲҶҵǻûϱкϢ
֮ǰμӻԴˡ
Ҷͷ˵һͷȥǰ꣬ںӣԵֻû
ǲŸճףԵûҲԶ˰οĸҲе֡
ҶðοҪӡ
˵֣һ䣬ֽôû
е㲻ҾûԶЩǵػش
Ҷ׷ʣ𣿡
ǻãһֱȣҲûģǰʱ۹ͷˡԶҶļ磬ģ֮ǰ׳øͷƵģƺܿܺ
ԼʱߵĿĵأƬɳӦǱʰΪҶܱܿľͷ׮ӣǳ׳Щû֮ǰжôïʢ
ɳЩе˼ڣȻ˲࣬µģ֡
Ҷۼ⣬һۣ˶Է˼̶ǺʵжһѴ󵶣ͷմŲɫ
ÿ磬Ƕûʰء
ǴʱͻȻиԲЦշӭ
պ̶ӵĸ֡Լ
֮󣬺ǽȥȽ̶ӴϷһ·ﲻ˵棬Щѵһġ
·˸кɴ̶ܿĵλͣҲǣôǸء
ǻնɽƤʲôƤƤƤƤǶգҪƤˣϾϷҲӡ
Ҷ⣬ô
ִǾ͵ÿҪʲôҪףһŰ׺ƤԻʮס
Ҷ褰룬Щ
ҶȻҲģΪԶûסһ䣬ֻܻʮף
룬ŻȻǻ֪Ϸɣ
̾˵Ҳûȸ˵ǰЩϷǱˮѵضˣֲˮòװֲֿʼ賤֮ľǳ֣Щӱ˵ȭͷֶѪ⣬һǶϣ඼ܱͿա
ҪдڡײѿȲҩζ治һܻ
ҶŲɻ󣬡ûǴĻǼֲҩжİɣ
ֿһۣͬ˵ûжƳɵĵͿ԰ѳߡ
а취赲Ǿ𽥻ָʼˮȻ֪ʲôԭˮһҲֻջһĵȡ
Ҷü˵ΪֻߵʳΪԭˡ
ͣ·ߣȼ̸ϵ/˵ÿطˣ̶֮ǰĵطָͬΨʳһͬġ
Ϊ߼вٱӻĵϷȻܻʱ治֪ǱûϷáԵ쳣ʡ
һʱ֮ڳ˾˵
Լ˳Ĭˣ˵ôѾȶǶܴŻˡ
ҶҲЦЦϵתƻ⣬֪ǵкλ
̸ˣǿ̫ˣܰҪĶֻ۾ͺܰˣֱ˵Ҫʲôɣҿڴû
ҶǶһۣԶȿڣвƥ𣿡
ǵʵࡣ
аɶˣ޲鲼һֿ˳ĳУƯȥ
Ǽߣֱһľͷǰͣ½Ų
Ҷ߽ȥĿǸֲƥɫ죬Բηڼϡ
ȻЩģϾʹţǲǸĲһֱһƥõɫĳ˵
Ҷʣһ𣿡
ֺܿ콫һСзϣһġ
˳֯ȷʵиա
˵ҪƤһƤܻôһУûؼ㹻ѡ
ϷҲҲҪƤӱůҶ褰ѳеݸ׷ʵ
ֻش𣺡ɲǣֳʪģߵĸ䲻һǽͷģﵽⶼģܡ
Ҷ޲鲼ôǻã
˵׼Ӧеġ
װвƥӱҪֿˣҶȥԶ˺С뻻ʳ
ֽһСȥԼǼҶһ·
߱˵Ϊ·;ңԶ·˲٣ŵĵǶ˹мݣǼѼ֮ģмֻС̡
Ҷ⻰ǰһۣ˵ɽץҰ˵Ұþһܱøһ⣬һֱ
ͬľͷӣ֮¸ªЩǸӣӣζţкصķĳζ
ѼƷֲ٣ҶȫûΪǴҲļݣɽϻҰģֵö
עȫֻСϣ۷۰װ׵ССһֻǲ֪ûеòġ


84 
СǼһ, ʳ߳ԶҶ褴һƣﲻ, Ͷ, ΢΢ͷ, ϱȵҪӪö࣬ιҲЩ
ֵ־һֻ˵ǿûֺģرʺϵֻһĸ, պԣպҲڷܡ
Ҷ룬⼸ֻȷûɣ
Ȼ̶ԼĴ򣬿Ա֤Ƕǽġƶ
ʵĴҽ, ܸ˿Ҳܸ󿴲
ҶҴλ´Ҳ, Ҷ褼ǵ֮ǰһҼֻˣֻһֱûθ, ֱǰѺ´֪ԭҲ, һģһ
Ҷֻļ۸, ˣźƤһƤƤһֻ
ֻ˸СЦҪƤϻƤһȫܻߣܴ߼ƥС
ƤͻƤֻܹů, Ҫ㹻ϡ, ׻˵ú, ϡΪƤݵҶ֪۸ٹҲҵңΪʲôʱ򣬶Ȩ׼
ҶҶϸ۲ֻû⣬ǺܿͰѷ¿ϵƤнףɺ󺫸ֻһԴӡ
Ǽںֵ·¹ȦŹҶͻȻ뵽£æʵ𣿡
𣬡صУȥ
ӶڸĵطţͬӰڲͬĲֽҶ໹ء
ֵĽܣҶ֪ЩӷֱϹϡ«ƹϡ߲ܲ˵ӣܵӵʱҶǰһνĺϾϣˮҶ쳣ԣԳƵһһ
ˮ𣿡Ҷʡ
ȻǴջĵȴ󲿷ֶӱˣҪϷӣһ֣ջʱõļ֣һˮĲܻԽԽࡣ
˵СңȻӼϱһմɹޡ
Ҷ褲̫𵾹ȵĺûȻҶũǻģǽʮֱͷ˵Ǻӡ
Ц˵ǵȻûлӡ
󣬽ûеӵȫԲˣǺϣҶ̵ֽ꺮ֳеóˣϵζѾ˺üꡣ
˺⣬һӽҶ褺ǾϲǾӣζǺأôЩһֱصĺ
Щ꣬ǾûʲôҪˣҶش壬ΪӻԥûȷҪʲôֻٵһᡣ
óʱһ緹ֽһ̨궼ԱԵҲ򵥣տ̶̲ټһձ
Ҷ褿һձеձǸճʱóԣҲһζֻû֥飬ʵź
ʢһ̵ݸҶ褣ԡ
û뵽򵽺ӣͷ£ֻҪѺˮһ¾ͷǳˡҶŸˡ
һ̼˵һе̰ģӣҺ֦
ó̶Ӱӡ̶ӵ־ͽгԡ
Ҷ褵ͷҾȥ˵
ûȥ˵أ־͹ˣһ衣
쳢ǱߵزŲÿζǼõġ
һӣҶô󣬿Űװֵġ
ǲ棬ǳӣֻҪըִˬڣζǿ쳢
ҶлһȻһŽڸʣը͸ԡ
ЦʣζΣ
óԡҶ褳һ֣ʵ̶´ʲôʱ򣿡
ȷÿҪǲ̣ʲôҪ𣿡
Ҷ褰һȻش𣺡ҪЩټ߲˺ˮӣӣһ֦֮ġ
⻰˼һᣬ⵹û⣬ѰţպʱǴ
УôһΪҶ褵
Ҷ꣬Ų廰֪Ǵ֪ӵģ
Ŷ°֮ǰص˴ȥϷһͼڵͼϱʣĴӣľҲ֪ûСЩĴš̾˵Ѱ
ҶҲ̾ԭˣ֪ܲܿһŵͼ
ԡֽ½ͼ
Ҷ褺ȲؿȥֻһŲݻɫĵͼʵӲЩʲݣܿӣԱߵӾҶҴԶڵĴӡ
ǸʶĶֵģ˵֮ǰǸšִ˵
ҶȴһϢæʣǲǻطĵͼ
ִ𣺡ȷʵ
˵ЩǷƷ
ҶͼҪԣʱо仰˵ǵõͼ൱ռĳͼҪ֣ôҲΪ
ΪֻźȻȴͻȻڵԵһֻܣƤͷǣŵͼǿԸǸһݡ
Ҷ褸Ƕһۣһ¡
롣Це˵
ͼȻҪҶΪǴ˵İȫҪ˵Ⱥ뿪˵Ҫ˰ɡ
һķԵľȻҶңǵҪͼȻѣֻҪ׼úͺпܳɹԵ
ҶԶҶҲͬ
ǳȻͳһҶ
Ҷʱüͷ壬˰β¶ĵɽԿ
Ҷ褼ֻ˵Ȼȥúüƻһ¡
һֱȵӵ˻ĶϺָǣһͬ뿪ˡ
һ·ƽ
ջصҶҴ壬Ҷʼһ·û˸Űɣ
λĶ٣̶Ӧ֪ǴǼ主ԣģ˵˵úãһ򣬾һ˻ǵСЩ
һͼֶһ·϶ʮּעûз˸ţҡҡͷ
Ҷŷʼټɽܵˡ
Ҷûǵֻۣ̱ʱȺһ
ιСǼ״׷״չĿ̶ֻڽɪɪΪʱȽˣҶ褾ûǵ׼ʳǸȺǳһĶɫͶˮ¾ǺӪʳˡ
ԱСָʣ̳ܳ𣿡
Ҷͷóǰֳɹٲȱԡ
һС˵֪֪ɺóˣ˰Ҳóԡ
ûպɵúúιǳԵʳ᳤ϣΪǳԵ⡣ҶЦ˵
áͬӦ
ȴӳҶ褾ͻؼˣûۣܵϾ˵һϲͨβ붼һ
ҪؼʰӣЩʱֲ˵ĵúúñȴ¶ʺϵʱֵԺ
Ҷĸ߿ɻʣΪҪֳࡣ
Ҷָһֽ˵ЩڲˮֺϵͣҪŵĵط档
ȻָƵһֽϣЩǸպ෴Ҫڵʪͨĵط档
ǰ߿ڵؽﱣ棬߷ھ߱ȽϺʡ
ҶĸԸпû뵽ôིء
Ҷ褽Ӷֱֺ֮˵鷳˵㣬ͻá
Щϸ˵ȫ壬պĻ˼Ҫֱ֣ûֶһͺˡ

ԶӽɽʱҶ褵ûǣΪȷʵȫпܻǵĺȣҲһĶŵģлϢŵһֱԶӸ߸شʱŷ
ҶڴӺעԶӴɽ˸׳ľŵȫעĿҶŵһֻܡ
ͦأһԵõӡ
ⲻֻܾ֮ǰҵֻҶЦÿҲǱˡ
Ҷɻզϳģ
Ƽֻϵ˿ûǵʱµġҶָһᴩ˰İ̺˵
ԭˣǻˡ
һҶ̫Ҷûˣ˵ǽյջǶࡣ
ɲֹأҶϲ̵˵ƣǻһȺ󣬹Ƶмʮֻ
Ҷ̫̽ͷȥһۣϲӴҵˣ
ӦǡҶֵֿǡ
˵ʱҶ褵۾һֱûѾȥ뿪ֻͷǳ޴󣬼ʹѾˣȴɴ˼ǿѹȸУ߾һȷ硣
Ҳ֪ôһֻôץģܵ˿ڶͷϣطƤë
ɻҶ϶Ϊġ
Ҳõ廹õģҶ϶˱Ȼţ򵥵֣ڵһĶϲҰӸõζ帽ֻҪһ̤ˤȥǾܽӲĿԴϲȥ
ȱ˵ʵҪΪܲһܱӸõζˣҲһ塣
Ƕû뵽ƻȻʵֵ˳ֻһŵõζ͸˷Ƶģֱӳ񱼶ȥ֮ͻˣҲǺ룬ֻܵ۾Ҷ֮ǰˣӦЩ嶫
Զ˵ҲǱ˵ģԼʱܵˡ
ҶʱоǺ㣬˳ò˼顣
ƤòǣֻҪ͵̶ӾУǱƤӾ͵ԼֲųɡҶ˵
Ҷ̫ԵͷãҲʡġ
ʱ淺һƿ߽ʵ̣ʲô
Ҷ̫û˵أҶ褾Ҷ˷ܵԿ⣡Ƕþûˡ
ɶԣϵҲ»ʳҶ̫һۣȻԸ˵Ҽǵüˮﻹһ㣬ͷٰͷһȾ͹ˡ
Ҷ˵ٸ㿾⡣
ҶӵҲȻûпԣҲ
͸ɹ׶һһõȲͷˬһζ
Եһ룬ҶϴͻȻ˵ٹ͹ˣȻߵ¶ȴǰҪߣҵܻᷢ֡
Ҷͷһ٣̾˵ͳˣǻ׼ɡ
ĿԳƵôһ꣬һʮ£ǰǼյʮȣҶ褾ȼˣҪ֪ϼƽҲֻ¶ʮȰˣǼȸ£ȵʱʮϡ
²£˶ûס˴½½ೡ¡
޷ǣֲ·ֵ֣ͬľʢĢҰڶֵ࣬ʳ߲ȴΪ˵ģ˵Ǽһ뻹Ҫࡣ
Ҷ˵ҺǴٽӣֻҪӲɺԣͲ̫ĺ֣ҿɽɽǲֵأŴҲܻ
ҪҲˣǾʹˣɺ
ĵͻȻóǶû˵ϰԷ극Ҷ褱˯û뵽ϴʹ˸Ƿҵ˯ӿ
дһ־͵ôǷʵڿס˯ȥˡ
ڶҶѹʱѾˣ۾ϴôûң
ҶĸԴû£ô˯ᡣѾֻˣҪû⣬Ӧܻ
ҶǹȻǸŷġ
Ҫûʱġͼǻܸ
ŵͼϣҶ褰˿ŷֱ𻭵ǺںسǸ̶ӴϷ·ͼһһϸۿ
һǾǱߵĵͼȻ󲿷ֲҪĵطע
ˣʱҶֿڵ費ҪΣȥˣҿǲš
ԴǴɹ֮󣬸ӻǴˡ
Ҷ褷µͼ˵û£ǸɾС


85 
ŵͼǺ, ڴרŽĴֽıȸˬǳʺϱ涫
ӹò, ܿ͵˹ʱ
Ϊӳ, ƽ, Թʱһǹ˸꣬Ҽһ϶лȣҶ褼һһ㣬Ԣࡣ
Ǵһ, Ҷʮʱ򲻽пʱ죬һգ۵ĹʹӴСˡ
ͺ켦Ȼز٣Ҷ̫ʮ켦Ҷֽ˿, üﳤһһš
, ܾģĸǷƵ㹻һꡣ
Դչ󣬺Ϣ
ҶϱһγʱŻ, ĺ´µϲ, ȫ˶ܸ, Ҷһһӡ
Ȼһɻ£ƵǴˣڳѾǴģµĹһʮʱˣǼҹһ, ҶС, ʮż޸عø
һ˵ĶҶӵʦ, ĸ˫Сʦģ˵ʱʦ棬ϼס
ʦ˵ԳףСڿ԰ȥ
ϾбͽأûѪԵϵͽ֮ܳǰȥסΪá
ڷӣֻҪ˵غܿܽá
ҶɩԳΣҪȽӰɣպֱ·ףҲðȥˡ
ʦֻǿһᣬͷȷʵˡ
Һܿһ¡
һ˵֮󣬾ֵɻˣµЩϣԭҶ϶ҶɩǺɻͣ޻ҶɩҴǸѡѾС˿ʼѰʺϵ˼ˣȻҶҴȴҶͯϱ˵ס
˾Ⱥɻ꣬Դڵʱȥ˸첲ʹ֮һӳҶͯ߰Ŵ飬Щ𾴣˵ͺвýŵףȻܾˣ˶֪ԭֱǲŻȻԭڵȺɻ
ҶɩԽԽǸúӣɻҲǼģֺǺǵ˵ɻڴǼ£һҲܸ
Ҷ϶ҲͷҸƢҶ˽⣬Ǹº͵ġ
Ҷ̫˺ɻɻߺ죬ûвͬ⣬ο˵˾ͺá
ĻºܿȷȻҶû뵽ǣ֪ǲΪǹƽﾹȻ˵׳ɹ
Ҷ褼˲ɵԾͰɣȫܹһһ£ʳɼʵʱ䡣
͵õȫ˵ͬʵҪҸһ£ѾѹôãҪܷһ˵׼ҲǼ¡
ʱ䶨ʮģǸ˼Ȣĺӡ
һȫ嶼ˣ׷ڼջˣǳ׵ǼңѼĺö˳Ҷ̫ϱǴæ˳
㡢졢СĢɱˡǡŹǡ
һ˱ڴǴԼҴϣյм仹һտܵĶһֻȫڿţζΪⳡ£ǴҲǳѪأھɱֻʣµǴɽϲӺ¹
ʳͷͺڻ΢һͺ
ȥ˼ױڿһͺɻļױʱҶ˨յҶߣС˵һͺɻļױöడ
Ҷ˨ĻҲǴпġ
ȷʵ࣬һͺɻĵﶼǣԺӴСֵúľ˼ҾߣټϴɽϿĺľͷֱӰСպ˯Ҿ߰ŵװס
֮⻹ǰʱ任ĺüƥ޲УҶ̫һͬױҶҶĸ˵ױ˶һǴȦʽϾɣ׻˵úãʢŶƽ𣬲ô䣬ƽļֵͰǶǱֵ
ҲױҶСþһһױ̨
ԸĸļױĶһߺСϲϲᡢڣǹЩȴͬҶϴһߣպܾտǵسģһֱţҶ϶޵һ鼮ǰҶ褳дġ
ɹױձ
еһֱɫϲýűʱʱ򣬲΢ͣЪ
ָһأݸãŷ޶԰ݣˣ֮ٵǻ¹뼯ἴɡ
ʵЩײ࣬ȻҶȴֻҪģʲôֻǽ˼һҲˡ
Ҷ褸һ𣬳Եһ룬翪ʼ⣬гСⱻͣκۣź㡣
ʲôأ￾õݸ
ҪʼæˣҶ褴⴮һ˵̡
СЩεصݸһˮ
Կⲻǳһ𡣡Ҷ褺ȥȿˮ˵ΧǽҼӸߣﻹö޽ĵطܲһֱôڣѧãҶͯǶλò󣬴кȥʶ־Щʩչ
һҪҪֱӰҪǴӷΧͱü󣬴Ѳʱͺ鷳չ˲ĵط
һֱϸҶ˵ͣһѪ˵˵׻˲
ǰҶ褳̾
һȷʵҪճˡ׼ģ𣿡
漰ӵĹ滮ˣֻ밲ȵĹȥǾͲ׷ſ˵Ŀӣģ͵˿ڡ
ȻҶȴҡҡͷش𣺡ʱûжۡ
ֹ۵Ĵһһɣüμ鶼ûȷ
˵ɣĿٵȵȡ
ʱԱͻȻҵҶԺؿȥֻҶһ룬ͨ˵ǺȾ𣿸˭Ƶġ
˵ͰľһˣǺֱԡ
ôˣҶƵҶ
ҶǱŬŬ죬ʦŮ
һ˵⣬Ҷ褾ͶˣʦŮڴＫܻӭϲ˿ɲ٣ȻҶ϶ʦѾĬһΪŮ׼ңµкɲô࣬ôܾڵһֱ١
ιҲԭ
֮ǰ̫һǣֶҶ룬˵ҲŲϲȾƵˡ
Ҷ֣ЦǺǵ˵Ҳˡ
Ҷ褿ﲻҡҡͷյ˵ҸǱԶˡ
⻰Ҳ΢΢һЦЩǰ
Ҷһ̧ͷܿ΢΢͹ĺᣬǼһɵ̴ζڵ
㲻ôô죿ҶתͿ͸˵˫գʵ
ûû£𿾵еȡҶæ͵£ȺͿʼɿ硣
ŶҶȴֹȸɿȫ涼ζҲ֪ôģѲ̫ˣ
ҶһֱȵҶתȥһѽӵϣȲذϵĺɰŵǼᡣ
ʱЦеҶ褵һۣʲô
Ȼǿÿ
Ҷĸ첲ÿ


86 ּ
ҲûʱС
һͺɻ֮, ҶڼЩϰߣܾ˵ʲô
Ҳûʱ꣬Ϊ˸չͿʼ޽ֹý, Ǽĵط, ѡַڴм, ѧһʵΣļǼã, ҲǴֵĵطұѧá
ΪȷҶˮԱֽһԲҤͷҤͷ, ճ֮¶ȿɴһǧٶȡ
úΪ¯, ҤҤף̴ų
ҤþͿԿʼשˣשճˮ֮, ľʵשＷѹ, ȻŽͷҤƶɵ, ճɵשȻȴǺשˮȴש
ששӲȸߣױΣĥֻǸ鷳һЩ, ҶҴʲô, ǲ鷳, ˺ܿƳһש
ҶԶͷҤﰾ˫ͨ죬Ҥשá
пû뵽Ǵ徹ҲƳש
Ҷ褰һשһˤûг΢΢ͷӦɹˣ˵Ҳ֪ΪΣĶȻһγɹ
ͷҤպ󻹿ƴôкܶࡣ
ҶԶǰһǿǼ¡
שϵˮҲʼҹ̹ͣðϦкһ
Ҷ褵ĹȾ⣬ʱҲûʲôõİ취ֻܶˮĴҪѷպã´ˮʱٰЩϵԭϣͿγһѭ
˵ʱڰˮֹջᵼºصĻȾϸһ룬ˮʵϸ˵Ʋˮֻ࣬˵ǹˮֵļªճɵȾԶûִôأĴл㹻⡣
שǽˮ๴죬˽֮ʱѾȥ£⻹ȫ˶ûɣһ춼ûϢ²ǿɵġ
Ҷ褺ȥι˽õռ㹻ȫ棬ǰҶ褻ͼģؼ˴Ŵ׳æòãǷǳ򵥵ֳʣһˣÿŵǰһЩռ˰á
ǰǸ̨ףеִֻ̨±һͬżӺľǸҶ׼ġ
װΪ򵥣ֻǽϹŵļƤ¶׺˵ƤӵмȤ£ԭҶûŪʲôװεģֻҶǿ飬˼Ƥȥ
ѧ£ǰи޴Ŀռ䣬ִһƽʱС֣ҶصƤǵ棬Ĺ̸ǣ˵ݣ˶кŮϲǾι͵棬Ǻݺһ
ʱ׳ûʱҲóشһÿʱͻкܶΧ۵ĴΪǼʹ
𽥳ΪǴһͳͨ¾ͻһΣӮ߻õΪ
ѧʱֻңʮһ䣬ʮʮһ䣬ʮϵľͲǺͯˣѾ꣬Գˡ
ҶȻֻʮ꣬ѧʶѾõҶͯĿ϶Ǳҵˣż԰Ҷͯѧʶ֡
ѧ⣬һװ˸鼮Ķңϧ鼮ֳģ߰ҶͯҶ褡硢ʦʦڡ
Ҷ褺ȫתһȦ˶ЩΪ⣬ÿﶼл𿻣ǼĸǶ˻𿻣ܱ֤֮¶ȡ
Ҷ褾ǴʵѾ˳еĳΣֻ̫С
֮󣬽ŲС·ϣשˮ̾͵С¹һ꣬϶ŢȴҪõöࡣ
˵Ҽǵ˵ҪѴȫͿһˮࡣ
Ҷ˵֮ǰôģҵ뷨ˣֻҪõСשɡ
˵ָпһ䣬Ǹ󹤳̣Ҳ֪ʲôʱɡ
ļ磬żġ

޽꼯彨ֿʼӹ̻Լҵķӣһӣԭ޽ķЩª˱ʦֵܰæķڴȽƫĵطΧǽܽһ޽˰²޺á
ⶰǵ͵ϣӣݺ֮һӵСӣһΪһߴһĻպÿԸݵĻ𿻹ů
һסڶݣʱ䣬պ˺ӣӾͿס
ԺΧŵͰΧǽһ˵غѡ
ʵҶ褼ҵķЩŹ֣ʽһһķӲǼ˶࣬סҲˡ
æЩ£ҶܺúϢһ¡
ûϢأҶͷټȫ˵£ǹڷּҵġ
ͬ⣬ҶϴҶ϶Сĸڲ졹뷨Եˡ
ɶҰڲǺúõģҶϴü˵
ɲǣ﷿ӹסͺģҲûʲôĦҶ϶Ҳ˵
Ҷ褿ҶɩҶ϶˵⻰ʱ¶ֹ顣
Ȼ˻ǴģҶ褰ʵĦ淺ӻԴкͺܽţôԸɻɻӻ˺ܶæɻʲô£ȻöȴûһлĻͺֵֹˡ
Ҷ褴淵ŻǱԭͥǱĬӰˣ⣬ҶɩǸʱǻ
Ҷ̫˵ɫУɵ̾Ȼ˵ϹͷڣȰѼҷ˰ɡ׹⣬ٲּҪֵĳ̶ˡ
Ҷͷź˵ѾˣǲȰ
˵Ҷ̫»ȰôҶͷµľûܸı䡣
ҶҲֻܽˣǿʼּҵϸˣ֮ǰйԼʮĶһҶģʣʮĶٶ԰ָֿҶϴҶ϶һûģ˶ͬ⡣
ҶͷЩأ˵ʮĶҪĶʣµʮĶʮĶϴ϶Ķ
ĶĿÿٸǼʮʳ͹ˡ
Ҷϴͬ˵УǸˣôܼۡ
ҶͷѺ̸ڿ߿˿ģнŵģȳ׸ɲˣ㲻ǶС
˵ǮȻѾûʲôôϴҲɣʣµƽ֡ؽĶʹҲķʽз䡣־Ͳٷ֣ǹ˵ġ
мһֻʮֻʮֻѼʲô𣿡
⣬Ҷ˵ĸպһһԣѼĻҲһҷһԹĸɣʣµү̼š
һүͷʳҲ⣬δʲôͿԼȻҶ褿϶ʱһݸү̣һ
˶ûֻ˵ȴҶɩס˸첲ֻܲ鲻Ըر졣
Ҷͷ˵ڼⶰһǽָԾסǶ󷿣ʳ
ҶҶĸԶһۣȻֿҶ褣˺ܿȷǵ뷨һ£ԼסӻȥȻڴ޽һķӡ
Ҷȿڵȥס
Ҷ϶ǵĻС˼䣬˸෴ľڼ
ҶͷǵĻӦһȻʣҵҪ
Ҷϴûü˵Ҷ϶Ҫһ䡣ǼҾٹҪȢˣ۳Ҫһ׼һӣҵӶǼõģסҲ
ҲҪȲ˵
ĻҶɩ̾ȻŵͷҪһ䡣
ʱҶĸ˵˵ãǽ÷ǰסһʱ䡣
û£Ƿסǲ
ԼʳӣҶʲôʱߣʲôʱٸʳ
ЩЩĶֵ꣬ļ㹷飬ĶȻңһЩõĶѷֻ֣һɢƿƿ޹޺ꡣ
Ҷһ仰ƼֵᣬЩͷԵĿŲۣñͺ鷳
ѣҲзֺõʱ򣬼Ʋȫֺ֮ҶͯһݰӡЭ飬ּҾˡ
ҶĸЭСĵҶȥĶ޽ӣ
ҶҶ褣˵أ
Ҷϸ˼ΣŻش𣺡Ժӵÿ㣬ھˮȺˮʺڣ
ãҪңĵط١Ҷ˵Ϊ峤һССȨеġ
Ҷ褵ͷӦǡ
ûȥ֮ǰҶ˻һԷɻֻӻҲ淸ɻʵҪɵҲЩʡĻϴԼ·ҶҪڼҵĻҲæȷʵæؼ֮һ۵òᣬʱԣɿϾ˯ˡ
ּ֮ϸʱǸɩɩСӣӻæҲʵ
ҶɩҶĸ˵淰ѺúúýһҪȻӸϱ޹֮ҪǻǻֵüȮ


87 
Ҷ褴ӷ֮ڴĴй, ׼Ҹʺϵĵطӣ߱ȫ壬˸Ƚĵط
õط, ͿԿʼ, Ҷ¶Ҫһסһӵķ, һһŷӵĽṹͼ
ҼǵôϿֻҪڵذʱ̿ͨڣשȣһĵطܸоů, ֻп֮ȵģֻҪշҲȡҶ鷿߻ͼ߸͵
ˣһѪʣĶ̿
Ҷ褵һһ׶ĿӶΪڼ, òϵʱľ帲ס
ʵǸǳֵóԵĶ, ɹҲܸߡ
ͷԡ
õҶ֮ͬ󣬾˴׳æӣҪĵһǳƽ, ȷƽ, Ҫͬһˮƽϡ
ſʼػ, ʱҶϴҶ϶æˣҶȽϽʵػҪשʯƳɣǻѵʱȽϳ
Ҷ褿һ۽ṹͼֿһ۵ػȻָӵڱڳӶӶδ¯ǻͳ̿ڡ
ҶˬӦϡ
һ, ʣ𣿡
Ҷϸ˿, Ȼһ, һ㡣
һһ֮£𽥳ֳΡ
ʱѾԷʱҶĸ÷ˣæкæ³Է
ûǾܾҶĸһӻ˹ӻǰѼʣĲ˺һζòܳԾˣͷӡ
극Ҷ褱ǻؼ˯һᣬҶ˵Լû˯ϰߣһҪɻ
Ҷĸһۣ̫ȣô̫ɻǲҺ°أϽȥϢһᡣ
ԴҶ褳ĸٺС
ҶĸĻҶǵӣܿŹ߻ؼȥˡ
Ҷ褳ʱ䣬Ҷһ̶ú󵹽Ͳھˮȵ翪ʱմȥʵ̶õҶһµĺ
̶ǾͿʼڻڳһ̵Ȼ䴹ֱĿȽСľ̵֧Щ̵ķֲһ㣬ֱΪ
Ҷұ߸ɻ߸п鷳
е鷳֮󣬻úֵáҶ褶Ųñ˵
ҿɾ͵ſЧˡ˵
̵ĸǰשʯ̵֧ĸǰǿߣǰ֮мܿĵש˵Ǽ鷳£ֻҪˣͺܼ׶
û˵רİҶ褵ָӸɻ
ҶָЩˣȻһ̶ɤӣ״̽ӹͼָֽ
ȥϢһᣬʣµ
ҶûǿͲߣһ̶Żѱϡ
϶͹
ڸ̵֮ĺש֧աש϶ûҽĨʵҽʯҺŴĥɽ֮Ļ
Ҷ褿ŵ㣬һ̵֮ͨǵשȣ̵̻ҲƮǴӳ̿ų
Ƿеˡ
Ҷĸ֮˵ؼ˯ɣҸء
áҶӦһ
˯һľ˲٣ڶռ·Ǳ߼๤μ๤˾ͲֹһˣǸ缸һֻ
Ϊ·ӵĽṹͼúã̵ˣʱҪ¾ǵ̵ȴ̿ʵ顣
ʵʱǸĵĺҶµ¯ǻʮذ̿ȼҲ֪峯Ͻǵĵůܲܳɹʵа˷ְյģ¾ʣǶ֡
ûãһĳ̿ھðҶ褼˲ɵ¶һĨ΢Цɹˡ
¯ǻ˵˵ǹ򲻸ˡ
٩һݹͣͷȷӽãǵøһӡ
Ҷ¶Ц⣬ӦȻӡʲôʱҼﶼסĵط
ȷשʮּ֮ǾͿԿʼǽˣڷ϶ҽһש̶ںʵĵطӳĹ𽥳͡
õԲֱҹ⻬ľҶר˴ɽϿģ˷ҲܿˣغɫƬмߵͣһѩƬϻ£ٷȥѩ
Ҷ褻ͼ¼ϣмǴ͵ݣ߸ס˵ӣǰԺ񷿡䡢é޺ԡңԺҪǰԺһһ˵أΧŲ˵صդ٣סҲУ»һϴĵؽѡ
ӲŸսãǾͽһһֲǰԺֲԺȵ⼸ʼӣԺķ羰Ӧûܺÿ
·Ҫͨ磬Ҷһڿ԰ҵʱѾ³ˣҲֻʣʮ죬ʱǴؿǿգƵô˲òɽά
˸¶û¹꣬ۿɼٶȸɺţЩǳ̲Ѿ¶ӴʱûʲôˮΣֻҶҲټ˴˿ᣬʡŵˮΪ֪ʲôʱµһꡣ
ﱻɹѿ·ϰʽһȻ̾š첻ˡ
ǰЩԲʳǾҼһﶼЩʡŵٲˡ
ҶһҰҵʱû磬Ǵ˼Щͷ֮ģҶٹڣʱЩ±
հ¼ңҶ褾ιԼӣ˵һʵмǽ൱䣬Ǽ˯ңСǼܺбīֽ⣬鷿
ҶסݶߵĵһϾӣݵĹֻͬװβһ
סߵʣµһ͡
ÿס˵ӵ涼שһɨʱҲ㣬ֻҪɨһɨɡ
ԺＸùŸֲȻźľģΪˮģ֦ûйӣֻзƵ֦ҶʱʱڵϣҲ֪ܲû
ǲϵɽѳʢѾǵǵɫʵÿֻҶСĴָǰ󣬾컹һʱ䡣
˵ǰֵ߲Ѿһ룬ײˡϡƹһೣĲȻز٣ǰ̶ӻҶҲ˼ϲˣ«ɽѹʣѾ۵ĺ«ʱժһ𳴣ʮζҶܳһ뷹
߽ǴмźϲҶҶÿ춼ȥһ飬ЩɣҲ⣬ι۹һ鷿ӣԺ˵ܣضĺϡ
ĻЩź˵곤Ʋ̫ãӦòô𡣡
ɻʣһľ֪Σ
Ҷ²ؽ㲻֪ˣҽ㣬һĺϡ
簴˵
ҶʣûĴ
ͷʱż˵ǳƵġ项ʹѾ죬ժˣͷĺĻɡۡ
⼸ź˺üһֱģҶӶˣǺ졣
˵ûסֱüӼӵľһ
ǳòóԡ
Цŵ٩ҿ˰ɡ
Ҷһ㶼ֵǵȻ
ֳĺϹƤǳɫмŻɫİƣõпĹʮˮĺɫҪ˵ȱ㣬ǾѱȽ϶࣬ԵʱЩ鷳
Ҷ褽г룬һһ͸ү̳ԣһпķ֮һʣķ֮һǸǺҶҶĸ
ûĹⷺףĵĹȿ٣ҲȻȴˮ󣬿ڸɳɳģܿͳķ֮һϡ
ʱ仹磬Ҷ褱ŰȥҶҡ
Ҷ̫һֵüۣ§һĸαĽУҶͷȻûʲôʾ۾ҲûҶƿ
ֵĺˣ
Ҷ褵ͷĹϷ£пҪһʱԲԷŵţʱ̵ģɺóˡ
ãһ鳢Ҷ̫Ҷͷðѵ
Ҷ褵ǳһڣڴʣó𣿡
Ҷͷµ̵óԡ
ﻹмŹϣͷ͹Ҷ˵
ҶͷҡҡͷԼֵľԼ԰ɣйûֻˡ
һƬС˺ϣɲ٣Ҳ˳ʱ
ΪЩѡԼ֣ҲЩ˾Լֲ˷ѻ֣Ծ͵ȴ꺮ϣֱӶһϵˣҶ褾Ǹһӵˡ
үһᣬ뿪ʱﻹһӣԵĶڡ
ڰûĺϷŽˮ׼ֳȥҸТҪԾԼȥûֻ
ҶΪҲӴﻻ˸ϣԹֻ֮ûֵĺóأͷҲСһζûУȻˣЩǺܿͱǻˣһûʣ


88 ±͵
ھӦó±, Ҷ褵Ͼ͸Ҷĸһʼ±׼ڵģ±, ɳ̵±, ±
ǰȥջɹɵˮпȥ, һСû˶׷ʱ׷棬ܿˣٵЩˮȥÿӽ, Ǵֲڰ汾ࡣ
ҪڸϸЩҪ˵ƤҶ褰˳ƤŽѼʳۣȻŴ򿪹̶ǽϵĹţǽͺŴ׷ó, Ҷĸӹ, һڹ﷭ֱŨǳá
ɳ̵Ҳ, Ѽ, Ҷϴɾڵ, Ѽĵ͵ƷֿŵϾԣƾͰ±
и򵥵Ŀ¯Ҷ褰ˢ͵̵һں÷棬һ, Ȼһ߱á
һ±Ҷû, ֻǳ˵±֮, һ˾Կ
±ʽ±һ֣Ҫ⡢͡εȵζϡнĩĩ
ҶĸҶ褶Լֽ飬ϻһһֱ赽Щɵʱϱ׼ˡ
ʼƤͺõ۵İгСӣߦߦԲκţεֱƬ
Բε±͵±ģţ±ġ
Ҷ褼Ҷĸ±ĶЩȡһ鶹ɳһ㣬Ȼ̵ƷŽһ㽫ƤֱȫŶɳ͵ơ
Ҷĸ±ҲˣٶҶ褻죬ܷҶ褣ƤʱûڱôĴָҪһЩ
±ģǳεģһܷĸ±ӣģĻҶ褵ֻģĸ·ͬн㡢Ԫͺ«
ҶģһۣȻѰõ±ӷŽȥһѹٿĳʱ±ͼ
͵Ƶ±ʮˢһͺͼҺ󣬽ŵ¯￪ʼơ
ʱ䣬Ҷ褿ʼ±ţεƬߦƽڰȥõ±տڳ·ڰϡ
ȷ±ζΣֻ
±ɣҶ褸ʮԼֻ±Ϊˣ±ζô壬˶Բȥ
ҶĸҲһڣҡҡͷ˵ȷʵôǻãӦͦģͷӡ
Ҷ¶һĨЦ⣬á
±ûÿֶܺóԡ
ҶԷ±緹һţһΪ̵Ƶ±óԣ±ƤŴɳ̵Ƶ̽к̵ͣõһ㶼壬ʿڡ
Ȼ±ζҲҧһڣϸ˳˳źȥȻЩ壬ֻҪһҰ裬ܳ嵭塣
ҶĸŲ˵ȻɹˣһٶЩͷЩæӵ岮͹ȥ
Ҷ褵ͷӦһȻҪȸүͼ
ҶͷҶ̫ǰЩ˵ͲˣԼڼҳԳԣʵûڡ
Ȳˣ˵ҪȻүˣô죿һ͡Ҷĸش
Ҷ뵹Ҳǡ
ʱҶĸ±Ҷϴϴ֣վԱ׼Ķ
𼦵ڴԵһģ͵ƷֿŵȻһ˫ڵѸ˳ʱʱʱ̡ǽ͵ȥ˷飬ڻ￪ʼðСݣɫϸĭĭÿǲᵹ
û͡
Ҷ褰̾һ˦˦ʹĸ첲ͿǼʹ£ҺǴ򷢳ɹҪȻǵòʧ
Ҷ򵥵֣ڵ̡ۺͣȻɸۣȺҶ褽䵹װһĵ
Ҫᶯʼȡ
õĵֳ߳ɫսһŵζ
Ҷ褰ѵߴȻʣһĭͿ棬˵ʵڵЩªʱҲֻӣˮװһ¡
һõĵ⣬ȥؽó޹һǳɫݮģһǳɫҶġ
ڵ޹һֻۺɫСܡ
ҶĸϢʱʲô
Ҷ褴⣬첻ҾŸûĳʳ
ʣĲϰϵĲһ⣬ȻһŵҶĸֱߡ

Ҷĸӹһ鵰Ž۵ζǰһóԣ
ҶҲһ飬ζͿڸп϶ǱȲִЩĵ⣬ԭѷѾǺܲˡ
ĳһ鵰⣬ȻҶĸ˵һȥԷ
ҶĸͷӦá
˵±ҲˣòֽһϽͳȥ
ͷ²룬ڹ﷭˰췭һɾĲֽÿ±͵Ƹһ
Ҷ˵ѵҲүȥһ룬ģʺǳԡ
⻰ҶĸӹóʳУǷϴɾ±鵰Žȥ
˵󲮺Ͷҵġ
Ҷ褴ʱʣ±ҲҾöϲԡ
ҶĸЦһ£á
±ţ෴ߡ
ҶլſײҶӣҶӸ˵ʲôóԵģ
±Ҷ̧̧˵ǽȥ˵
ҶӽӹҶĶ˱߽š
ү⣬ңһҷ±ŶиҶӵ±
Ҷ˵ĺף±Ҿζһ㣬Ҿܻϲ
Ҷû˳ֱӽ⿪ᣬһ±ζͦõİﲻóˡ
ûʣҾͶˡ
ʱҶ̫ƿ߳±ʱŻȻԣԭվ͵˰
Ҷ˵ڵ±̵Ƶģóԡ
Ҷ̫ԭҶڼԸӣ˾±˵һø±ء
Ǿ·ϳԡҶ̫ץһӶҶ褶һҽкӸʳ͹ȥ
û£ʳҲʱòϡҶ褵
լ뿪˰ӣſڵʱֿ̧Ż
ŵǼһҶӭ
ţ±ǿԷųһԡҶ褰±ݸǣһһǲܣ˷ʳһǹġ
߳æչȥ˵ȥҼҳԷȨ
Ӧá
˻Ҷ֮ǰصؽ˸ֽݸҶ褡
Ҷɻʣʲô
Լػش𣺡ն
Ҷһ㶣֮ǰ˵һλûȹνԽԽնû뵽羹סˡ
ģ
ԭȻʵ͸ҵģҽмȥ߳˳·˵һ극һ
ҶûʲôˣҪǳ±Ҷ褻͵նһˮ
Ҷһڲ裬Ʒζεնɣ
ͷ˵û
Ҷնʲô𣿡
лᾭ˹׶Ѵ˳ζʮ㣬βлظʣȻͣԲҶΪĵؽ͵
ԭҶ죬ԼܳڲҶϢĻظʡ
˳Թһ±ֺȹһն裬ϵ¶ȫòһŰ̡
Ҷ褳߻ɫʱ򣬽˳ϲϸ
۾Ķ磬ԸȻ𡣡
簴˵һԸ
ӳϣҶĶ
򱻴֮ҶûʲôԸֻǽݸʼֵ⡣
ζ˵ʵڵеִķС⣬ʮ
տ֡


89 
, ΧǽճˣڴڼҶټȫ˿üλᣬǺòײ, Χɽ, иضΧ
֮ǰ, Ҷȡ֡
ʱȫ˵Ȥ˵ͽҶνҶҴĺ
Ҷͯȴɸֵ˵ⶼʲô˵, 벻ôֱװɡ
ǸиڼóһǻѡҶΪȡ-
ɽ£޽λڶߣȡжɽ, 붫ɽԶ˺޻ľĽɽ, ɽиůĺӹȣӵ֧Ȼ֧Ϊɺ, Ѿ, ֲֹ, ҲУʯȣȻкϡ
︺չ˹һˣŮ, Ϊлֱ, Ūܾ, ȻˣЩҲһöûӣҶԤϵģϾŸϣȹϰߵˮͻῪʼ
ΧǽǸ󹤳̣׳ȫæµһֿʼשһֿʼˮࡣ
µΧǽȾɵҪһЩҲףҶ褾̴ԼҪðʱ䣬Ҫǽܶһ㣬õʱ̡
ǴõͶˣҶҼ˲ɵὨǲʳ븽ӵǰ
ÿΧǽ֮佨켸ݹǾס
Ľܿ͵õȫ˵ͬҶǲȥˣٻʱʮˣȫ׳׳꣬оͰԶˡСˡԴ淵ķˡ
Ⱥ˳סҶҴ帺
Χǽ̵ҶԶ˽ݣȻܵǴÿṩβʳʳһͷһȵˣ˷֮ġĹͿϢһ죬һ첻ǻؼһ˯УҪעϢһֻṩһٷ
עȫ˵꣬﹤ûʲôˣסڡ
ʮ﹤ļ룬޽Χǽٶȱۿɼţֻ˶̶ͽ֮һ
ڰϢӣȻôû뵽Ⱥ˾Ȼûһؼҿѡڴ
զȥ𣿡ҶӸһͬڵϳͷպ޽ΧǽĸǳԵһĶ
Զҡҡͷش𣺡ɶģʱ仹ש
˵˵˵԰ϢʱȡˣһΧǽ޽ø졣
ԱŵĸԶͬͷǣҿϵСĢ
˸п˵ʵҳԵıڼʱöˣÿٶлȣҾ˲١
⻰һͷͷ˷׷׵ͷͬ
Ҷ褼˲ɵ̾˿
ȻǰߵҶߣ˵ǵö˺СǼԷ
Ķˡ
ϳԴϵĲ˸̾һ䣬ǴӹãǴֻջٽʳȫǰЩĳҰ˶ա
СҲ˵Ǵ嵹ǻãһɽɽûջһֻһֱûʳԣ׳⡣
ԶҲɵصͷ
Ҷͷ̾ǴҲֻ࣬ǰЩ࣬ԲԵùúãɽ࣬˲ȱȡ
ǴԳƵǵ񡣡˸п
Χǽһ룬ͻȻӻˣǴҶҴ޳ȥĹȻסһʱҲû
ջ͵֪混ּҵ£֪淵Ϊüͷ
ֵô£Ҳ˵Ҷѵú˼ңֻҪúĸĻˣզŪ
̾˵ȰҲģּҾͷּˣҲʲô£ټǰʱѾѺˡ
⻰̾Ҳ޿κΡ
ڶһʹȥݷҶҡ
Ҷ̫ӵϡ˵úã˫շཱུġ
֪ȡ֣
ЦӦȡˣгͬýг֡
֣֣ͬͬȻǸԢ⡣Ҷ̫
úȸСȥɡҶ̫Ҷӻӳȥ档
Ⱥ뿪Ҷ̫ſڣ֮Щ벻࿪⡣
Ҷɩ˵Ůһġ
εӦһ
淸꺢ӣŴصýģһ綼͸
ƿžһŵζ淲ɵסڱǣôȣôͨ硣
ԭڿϣһ淵æ̧ͷϲ˵ˡ
ţҷڰæ޽ΧǽֻԾһˡ˵
ߵϣľҡ˯СӤɵָ
ȻʵֶӻֶŮ
ǸŮش
Խüͷô£ŮôˣҪΪŮ𣿡
һЩԲ͵ֱŮǲãҪ¸磬þͺˡ
Ůֲܾģȿѵ𣿡
ĸŮ˵
ֻŮΣǴĸŮӱȲӣС´һδ飬˭ҿ˵ű¶
ȴҲôֻ࣬Ҫӡ
֮£ֻüĳһ壬ҪһֱôѻãպҪ
⻰һ淶ʱ˵ûҵ塣
̾
뿪֮ǰص淵ǧĸͷǰֳǸӣŮԼú롣
ҶĵһȡΪҶ硣

Χǽ޽²ʽ깤õΧǽȦĺɽΧһȦȫשߣÿǽ׸һ׺񣬶ͻ¥ҪΧǽ߳һףվ׾ͿԶ
ΰ׳ۡ
ȻΧǽѾ޽ɣΪ﹤ıȻҲ˹ûȥˡ
ǻȥû죬ԴӵĴ峤ǶǵĿĶһҪȫ嶼ҶҴ塣
Ҷÿʱ˵ӼҲֻʣһٶˡ
ַ֮´Ļ׳꣬ΨҶҴǸ⣬ΪǴӵλʵ̫ڵ
ٺӲȱˮɺҲֻˮλ½ɽɽɽḻôΧƬƬʳҲеط֣ҪֲҲÿġ
ҶҴаʮ˼ңܹʮλ
ҶĻʼͷӶЩӣЩ˲ͬ⣬ºòƽ
ҶҾǰߣ˵Ǵٶˣֻһٶ࣬ʲô
ҶͯΪףΪ̫࣬ᵼ´ӱûҡ
Ҷǳ˰죬ֱ½ͣЪſڵպܻҪҪգνգܵù涨³̳
Ҷ˵ҾôЩѪҺǼ¡
⻰һͬҶͯɵõͷʾͬĲ˵в˼Ǵ׼ҡ
ձĴӲһڱе¡
ʱ˵֮ǰдͶߵ³ֻ̣Ҫ΢һľõڡ
˵ûʵ֮ͬ
ڼ޸ǰͶߵ³̣ƶ˸ϸĿ췽
гһĴ˲ͬǲ룬ôǾͲܼҶҴ塣
עʮַҶͯѧǽ䳭дڲֽϣӸݡ
ЩһֽЩƿ̵ҪˣѡҶҴҲһ٣ֻаʮˡ
ʱסΧǽмĵطǺõķʽģһסһݣʽҶҴʱ򣬱Զһˮש޽ӡ
ЩвǴ˵ѣǰȥæ˺ܶ࣬Ҷ褼ҾͰųԴ´Ұҡ
´ΪԭȻشõĴȻȫ˵Ļӭλ´ǰæˣǺܿͰ
ҲǼ£պҶ̫ٲҶ¿ȥˡ
֮ǰĴ峤ֱ򸴡Զ˺С˵Ĵϴ󸣣һͬҶҴ壬ϵְλȻжˣҶҲԼֹãְ˸ͷȹš
Ҷû뵽ǣչľȻǷӣǶŮ£
룬Ҳǲ⣬ͬղɣǴＸ˳ɶҶģЩĲ֪յ˵ЩȻǶˡ
ټҶҴãνҲֻǶʮ׳꣬Լܸɻ÷ܲӣ˱Ĵӵ˶ڽһ¾ЩּɣϾȢ޼Ů쾭壬Ůܼ޵һ˼Ǽĺ£ŮܹԼǾ͸ˡ
ɴҲ˼⣬ѪԵϵýƵҪѪԵ̫㲻ɳɻ飬ιһŮټ⣬Ĺﻹǲ࣬ЩҿУˡ
ЩҲ׽ֻҪ˿ղ鼴ɣףǱƾ£ڴҼһߵýûɹҲź


90 
´ջ, οû뵽ˣ״ȶ
Ҷ褽ЦŻ֮ǰȷʵȾη纮, , Ƚ˯һҲͺˡ
Ǽ, ֻҪǵÿ˯ǰһ潪衣´żǼõ£á
Ҷ褵ͷӦǡ
ȳ´ҩ뿪֮ҶҲŲñ, Ҫȥ̲ϿԲ³ݣҪǲԵĻ취Ͼ࣬ÿǸ϶ҪķѺܳһʱ䡣
Ÿɺˮλ½, Ȼݵʮïʢ, ҶվĿź򵽺̲ϣǴ򾭹ܣȻͻλ, Сһʮֻ, ʮֻ, Ҳʮһֻ
Щ㹻ȫɱһֻ⣬Ǿûܣֻһֻȫˣ˵, ֮ۿɼٶڳ, ̶һ¾ͱ֮ǰû׳
˳ˣһڿȺͷԲݵʱ, ɵüؽгסҶ褵½ǣ褸쿴
ӾҶԶĳҶ롣
Ҷ褼¶һĨЦݣҿˡ
˫ֱ󣬴ͺ̲ѵòһĸоںżܸܵӶ洵ĵ硣
ûһԼںϿ˿˿⣬ɵǰſǾȻһԺҶ
ˣҶЩȻ뵽ɲǺɻлźļڣ
ֻǰʱʱûпɻѲûҪĻҲûźˡ
Ҷ˼֮ҲûףһԾͲˣֱӽľϳ׼ȥ
ȻȴǸ߹Լľںϻ˺üȦû
վںϵҶӿȥˣ߹ȥӹҶͣ¾ͻľнٶȲ첻ټϽ޷磬ľƽȡ
ٻһ㣬˹ˣͣ
ҶָҶͣһԺҶԱߣȻվ΢ҡվľԵͷҶ롣
˰ǿںҶ
ɻûȻҶ
Ҷվһ߿һĻ̸˵ʣѾԲժ𣿡
ҶԷſӦһˡ
ŴûĴȲؿʼժˣǷӣһӻľʼժһӻˮȡź
ǸɵȻ죬ֱ߹һµʱ򣬲Žеźժɣѷڰߡ
ҶһӿһţƤԣǳ
ջɿڣҪǲоʹŵζȻǿζȴеø
ǳӾ;óŲŮ˺ӳԵĶǵǰ̵ĶȻӵζȲǺѿǣǳžˣԵֻŮΧѯ⡣
Ҷ褽ǵӿԺһְߣʺǳԡ
ŮձΪĶ
Щźڹĵؽ˭Կûֶһ
ҶԼǻźؼң׼źƬ
ˮָԣгСӡƬһ󣬳ǰٵһǽȥһֱŨ
źƬõǼֵҶ褿еǳ콷ȱͨҪߵö࣬ر㣬ͣһԽԽθ
ˣٵҶĸ׷ǾͿԿˡ
Ҷȸʢһòóԡ
Ҷĸ³һڣʱȵ˵ܺóԡǳɿڡ
óԾУҶ˵պÿ춼һȣá
áҶĸӦԵһͻȻ£һǵʢү͹ȥ
Ҷ褵İɣү̵Ѿʢˣ΢һЩúȡ
˵һŽģһͻˣģ֭Ҳճǽʡ
Ҷĸ߳Է߸п֪æʲôԣһȥͷȥү
ҶӦһá
ҶæʲôҶͷʱ֪ˡ
ǿҤգȻȥ׼ɡ
ҶҶ褽ɢˣҶҴһóգһºܿճ̡
ҶʣҪʼ𣿡
ҶϴɾӣشԿɣҦս˵Ǵӱʺյճ
Ҷ˼صͷ
ʺյճҪϸ壬Сȣһ£ȥطѰҡ
ڶһǱ㿪ʼʱŸҦսԱѾΧһȦˣɵԸ˰ѲճϸϸϴˣӵСʯͲݸ֮ȥɹڲݵϵճֳɫ
Ҧսһճתϣſʼ߶ת̣ճֺͨ߹߽ӡ
˵տʼתת̵ٶҪһ㣬˫ҪһֱճչҪĻһЩˮһЩ
Ļһչ𽥳У㲻һʵ
Ҧսչ֮ÿطҲԡ
Ҷ褵һλãһճģʱҦսúɣȻԼֵʱ֪жˣȱһڣǱ߱񲻾
ƹˤʲôȱ㣬һ˵ɡ
Ҷ褰ձúҦսϸ۲һᣬȻ˵ƽҤյʱѿڣȫ顣
Ҷ⻰ûʲôεĸоϾǵһʵ
ȻҦսҲô˵ģտʼѾ츳ģֻҪͲٳЩ⡣
ȫ˶Թ˵Ȼиָ⣬ЩͽҤơ
ΪǶ߲ûʲôҪ󣬲ҪƯĻƣмʡ˻Ĳ衣
ǴͷҤһοɼټҲ൱ɹۣҶ褴һƣݵϷչձո׵ȣǳõߡ
Ҧս˵쿪ʼҸľһЩģӣպ߾Ͳô鷳
Ҷ˵Ǿ鷳λˡ
׻˵Ҳ͹ˣҶǰҦսָӽеõҤ¯ϻУЩԴںʵõĵطڸСЩᱡҪԶһ㣬ΪȾȣ֮仹Ҫһľ롣
һ˵Ҫһҹʱ䣬ԼĸʱʱﲻֹͣҤ¯Ӧú̿˴صҤ¯ͬʱҲ۲ɫԴȷʲôʱ¯ʡ


91 Ҥ
Ҷϴ֮òֽŵС׼, ߳ԱͷҤߣʱѾվʮˡ
ǰӳųȺɫĻ⣬ߴһǧȵ¶ȽҤ¯Ƴ͡
Ҧս˵ǻٵһһҹ, ȫ֮, Ҥ¯ĻԼϨ, Ϩ֮ǰǧܿ¯ҪȻ¯¶½ٶ̫죬ᵼ顣
óôʱ䣬Ҥ¯˿ԻؼҺú˯һ, ڶٹҤ
Ҧս˿ҲûţЩĴճЩģߣӡӡ֮ģϸϸɲ٣պֻҪճŽģ, Ͳˡ
ҶѧҦսĶŪճ, ˵ģߣʵͣű㿪ʼ⡣
뵽Ͳ, Ʋ¶Ҳ, ͬʱҪԭʯӢɰʯԼʯʯ, ҲֻҪʯ
Ҫ⼸ϲͷ鿴ȱƷũߣҼһϧ, Ҳһ, ҶԼҵм䶼©һ, ֻ޲ǿá
ʵҲҪ˵䲻ģ˭ȭͷ˭лȨ
вǵĴϺһƤֽȻܹ꣬͸ԺܲǰʱҲǻ谵ҪܻɲͺˣĲ˵͸ĿԳƵһ
ҶԺӰ˺ܶ࣬ϵĶЩģ˸Ĳ
ҶĴû˹עŰ»ʬ𼣡
ǸԻؼҳԷҶĸߣҶ˵̫ȣҽ˼˿ǰȥϴԷ
˿һƹ˿ͺܲ˿ɫʮˬټϽŵͺףŵζ֪ǳ̼ʳ
ǰҲóԣˮˣǻһһںȸɣ춼̵ζ
Ҷĸȸȷ磬㡣ﻹС
Ҷڳһôԣ
ҿͳ극ˣ˭һæŴסҶĸһ裬ǰնשݵģǺȲôصĲ裬ɽϲժľջݵĲúء
նǿ˵㣬ζͦõġҶһ¶ǣֻʣնĵ㡣
ϲͺȰɣǿש㹻ǺһꡣҶĸҶ褵ͷһ뵽ѾǰСˣ־ʹͷϻ䵽Ҷ褵ļġ
Ҷ˯˰ʱȥҤ¯ʱͿҶרĵֻ֣صɫԲ²ڸ
ҶҲûԼҸط£ʼӣƷǼ򵥣ֻҪƳ߰˸Ƭϸɡ
ֻͻȻȤҶ褲ܲɣܵҲ͹ˡ
֮Ҷ룬ӼȡīÿƬƬ϶÷գ֮Ӧʫ䡣
塣
ڶҶ˸磬ͳһҤ¯ǰȴ¯һ̡
ҦսһٻЩϾѾûˣҲ֪᲻⣬ҪûɹǸǺãɹϵܲЩҶҴ塣
Ѿ˽ҪͷͷһͷҲһ֪
˽ڻںͷڵשŲйӳҤ¯УʱԽҶԽţɵǰ
պҶӣԭҶӲ֪ʲôʱҲվҤ¯֮ǰ
ʱԸµ˵ҽȥ
˶ûҶӱӷҤ¯һڻҵʱɫǸ߰оһ룬ǳɹˣ
ҶӹǸ룬¶һĨЦ⣬˵˵ðɵúã
ΧںߵĴԷ׷׻Ȳǰһպõ
Ҧսæ˵𼱣Ȱȡ
׳Ҥ¯ｫȫȡҶһ飬дԼ֮ģʣ֮һѿھֱɿ飬ȫ˶⣬ϾǵһգĳɹѾӡ
ѿڵҲǲãֻǲװˮѣڼֲˣװʳɿҲܵһʱԭϡ
Ҷһչϸ⻬ϸ壬Գɫһ㻨ƶûУȴһֹӴ󷽵ָָû˼չޱ棬ûö֤չ޵ӲȺϸ
һҤȡ˿ź죬ȫ˶ܸˣ˺ֿܿʼյڶҤڶҤ֮ǰģߺһЩɢɢС
ȡܹ겻ҤһҤ㹻õ
Ҷ褻Щչ֮Ļؼңպòһ֮ǰģСһЩչޣ͹ͷ
ò˵ѡյʱ仹ɣΪڵڶҤ֮ûã䣬һԤ׵£˶˼
Ҷסӹ﷭޵ĺʵϣҵҺͰҤ¯ˡ
ҪȻһ꣬˵ҤˣˮҤ¯ؽ
ҶĸӦһ̧ͷһϵ˿һڵϽƬƬˮ
ⳡʱ򡣡
ɲǣһ꣬߸ɺ⣬ֵʱԴѵء
Ҷ褵ͷϣܶջЩʳ
ǰҶĸ̾
ͻȻ뵽£Ҷ褵ǵ߳𣿡
Ҷ⻰ӣȻش𣺡ӦǵˣҲ֪ҽĲûС
ǰҽ˷Ź˵岻ʣһ˾߳ǣԭҶҪһȥģȻʱպҲȾ˷纮˲ҶҶĸȥ綼ѵܾúڼ塣
˾ͺãҪ·һ꣬ǿ浢¡Ҷĸ˵ù¨ľ·ʼ첹
Ҷ뵽ҲЩģɵ΢΢üͷȻٵҲûãϵ磬ֻѡ
һҶĸ߻һƬ谵£ûͣ֡
Ҷ褵ȼڷʲô
Ҷĸս˵ڸѣճĺƤۣ޲ϴüмСʱ򴩹ѻɸɾģһ¾
Ҳڷ졣Ҷ褰յ¨ټɣ۾쿴ˡ
áҶĸɿ֣Ҷ褽ӹߣվÿƯҲɣϼӲ֡
ҶЦŵ٩˵ȥҶҪԴˡ
Ҷĸֱ֣ʳָһҶ褵Ķͷ֣ճĺӳʲôס

һ꣬ȫ˶ûһֱڼҶʱ֮ǰ޽õʱ򣬻˰ѴĵҲһ£ڵƵݵĵطһˮ
ΪһˮڣȻⳡ깻󣬵ûнû
ټСשͷ˼֣ʱǷ㣬ٷȵһŢ
ƽ󣬲һֱûͣµ˼м¾ͱҪðˣǾǸϽջĺͰףȻһ꣬ĸˮãʱɾǿա
ҽ겹ֵĺͰ׳òãĺҲֻСȭͷô󣬰׸˵һİƤǿյģ㲻ǿյģİҲС
Ҳʳʳ͵ȡ
ðȥպͰףΪռʱ붼ջˡ
ҶŰ̾ôôС
Ȼһ£ƤֻôĥҲû١
Ҷĸ˵ջͲˣ궼ٿɡ
ֿҶϵİףЩײĥ棬Ծ߿ųԡ
ҲǲУ׺ͿҲǺܺóԵġ
ҶĸС׺С׷ǳۣһˮҧһھ𣬺ͬˣȻС·Ϊйգ֮ǰջĴҪöࡣ
ҶѵðʱؼҳԷҶĸ˲ɵԹôæ첻ϲżҵġ
ѾæˣܺúϢһʱ䡣Ҷһڿ˵æҲæһҪǺܶ¶ײһˡ
ҶĸʱҲææµĴӣɵüǵãһҪȥլμ硣
Ҷ⻰İװӷŵϣ˵Ҫ˵һˣʱ죬ˡ
ʣʲô񣿡
Ҷĸ𣺡ԭ˵õһһպΣӽԿɡ
ҶҶ幫Ѿ˼ң治Ͷôصģһ͸ոպá
иףʱһһȦƽ˵ľͷʯͷģصľǽʯģҪһ⡣
㹻ˡҶ˵
Ҷ˵־Ͳ˲ŵƽۣöƽʮ꣬ûժ


92 
Ҷòʢ, ֻǼ򵥵ڼѳһٷѡ
ҶһҹȥʱպÿҶɩﱧһɫ黨١
Ҹط¾У˯ţʵǳ鲻ҶɩС˵
Ҷĸ״æȥæ, ôû
Ӳ, û, ԾͰչ˺ӡҶɩ΢΢ɰ˯С컹һһġ
ҶĸĶ컯ˣ֮ǰ㲻ҪľѣҲü˺ü, ܴܲ
Ҷɩ⻰ˬ˵ѶǺõģɶܴ
ȱٲƥ£һѶֽ㴫ãֱȫ鲼ܽΪѵһ
Ҷ褵е, Ҫǰ̫, ڻûʱͱ˼ĨҶҶСʱǵƤӣѴͳ, Ҷ, ÿϴѶ߶, òС
˯ˣȵҰŵҡϡҶɩӱһС̺Ҷϡ
ҶĸӦһԸҶ褵ȿҸĸȥ
Ҷ褴ʱڽϴ, ⿪űߵļ, ҶĸĻֱӵһá
Ҷĸ뿪, ҶӴյҶߣС˵տɲˣڸɩӻԸɩ˵
ô°
ͬҲҶĸѯҶɩ
Ҷɩ̾ǲ֪Ÿճһκ´ﾹȻһ㶼ûע⵽ԼЩȡ
淵ˮ㣬ȣһι
ҶĸüͷŮ
Ҷɩ߼²ۣɲǣҰʱߣһ仰û˵û
˵Ҷĸպ󱦸ɻ飬ǧҪǵ˽һŮļҷ磬ףʲôĿȾԭȿԸͦãû뵽ﾹȻ̫Ӱô
Ҷĸʱֹɰλǿˣ˻ǵú
үүĺӴʻĸ鲻ѣΪ˺룬ǵøĸ
ҶɩͷģȽ淳ӣҾͰͻȥ
ҶҲڸҶ˵£Ϊ˲Ҷ磬С˵ɵԼĲ⡣
˵ǺαأӻΪһüû˵ҿίˣʲôϵ
Ҷĸ첲С
Ҷʱѹ޷⡣
ȻѾ˵ˣҶ褾һ䣬Ķ
ԭסӱһҶӳ̾治ּңǰֵĶá
ȻֶѾˣҲֻܾӦ
ǱչҶʱҲ½½Ĺˣ¶ҶңȻҶҡ
Էʱݶˣ˵ףҶ£˵ǽСһ¡
ѵô룬Ҷͷ˵ؽԼ׾ȡ
׾ƶܵͣҶҲܺһ
Ŵ꣬ȴȻ죬һȭȾƴţŮһԣʣûɻĶǺӣҲһ
Ҷ褺һ׾ƣȻͷһ峴«Žȥζ
ֵسһٷҶĸһúŵϵҶϡ
ƽƽϣһƽ⡣
ҶЦÿģ˷׷״ǰ
⺢ӲƢãҲáҶ̫˵
һãƯ⻰˵ġ
һһ֣ڰ˵˱ˣ졣
ʱҶע⵽һߵɩϵЦȴֻǸڱ棬һѲǲ״ȷʵЩ
˲˳Ʋ֣޷Լĺӡ
ûпѧƣֻ¹ǱһõķޡϱӹϵȻעϢӪ
ȻҶҲ࣬뿪֮ǰҶ̫Ҷɩһ䣬Ƕע⡣
Ҷ̫Ӧһöˣ淺úġ
֮ҶһðؼңñϷž
յҶĸϢƵһͺɻҲԵͬһɻ飬ϲʱ䶼·𡣡
Ҷһ£кϢˣ
ǰΪûûţֻǸղʱ˵һҶĸԴ˺Ǹˣ˿Ǽ¡
ʱҶЩпãʱ죬һֱǵСء
Ҷĸһۣٹ걦Ҫˡ
һáҶص

ҶѾȥ˰£ûͣҶܾÿŨʪﴦǳʪģǽڶһϸܵˮ飬ôɡ
˼˵ůůůͺ͵ġ
ҶĸŲȵשпůȷʵȻҪöࡣ
Ҷ褰ѰõĺʷݸҶĸͺá
Ҷĸ֯ëµĿյ￴һӣȳԣ֯ë˵ҪȻմëϣͷ㴩ʱѵûš
ҶһʷߣˣջԼҲ顣
˵Ҷ࣬ƳԲ꣬եͣ
ЩҶɽϲժģǴɽҵһƬ֣ʮúĺ࣬ÿ˼Ҷֵһҡ
ҶĸͷӦȥɡ
úեͲѣ鷳˵㡣
ǽҰȥϵıƤֻ¸ɸɾһźʡ
ȻҶ褴Ӳ﷭ʯƾʣѺʷŽȥΣʶͱϸ飬ԽϸʱԽߡ
̨Ϸźõٽõĺڷһײϣʱţ･ҵĴ㡣
иõľͷͲۣһǰõĺҨȥپѹܰե
͸ĺô㣬˵ԴһҵĿ㣬ʺˡ
˽ҶĸʹӲ˵ժСƹϣĺһ򵥵Ƥ
Էʱ˵µ˵Ĳ˶ˣȳ극ȥ֧һֽ
ҶӦһȥ
ֽֽĨһͩƳɵֽֽɡõֽǷˮҲ򵥣˼Ҽһһ
Ҷ褶źŹһںȸɣ۰ͱˣ˺һ뻹ٺȡ
ȻҶһð꽫һֽչס˵أĸǹ̶դϣһֱȷֽᱻ紵ܣŻˮݡ
ֽûܸ˵أդŵĺ«ٺپ¶ߣڸסˣһҲû£պ³
ݣҶĸëݹȥˮպˣϽȥݸˮ衣
ҶҶȥҳʱȥ¯ǻǶһۣҪ̿û˾һЩ
ҶҲûƴǣµסߵķ꣬ڻʪ͸ˣΪ˲ǸϽȥݸ裬ϸ·ɡ
ԡҾڱϣͬŵůټľͰ¶ĸߵˮѬҶϷǳǳΡ
Ŀ˵һܣҶ˰ӲŴ·ʪͷëëһڵӡ


93 㳦
ⳡһ²ͣ, ߼Ҷ褶оԼ챻ʪĿ͸ˣ֮ͣĵһ¾ǵɹ̫Ҳֻһô, Ŀյ, Щ˵ɹ̫, ЩǱ̸Щҳ̱߻
Ҷĸ֯ëµʱȻİ룬˫ֽ첲ֻһ, 
ð˽ӻ׻˵úãѩ׷꣬ҾŽһѩ
⻰Ҳ䡣
Ҷ̫˵Ž̫ãǵøϽѱͷóɹɹ
, ȥҶͯϱ˵СŻ˼ҡ
Ҷ̫ǵðѺѷ, ÷ķòĲûѴ
Ǵûʵˣڹ, ʹû, Ҳôů, ʱҼһƤӣӦû⡣
Ҷ룬֮ǰֵ޻ûջ񣬽ֻܰѾɱ޻ȡµһ
˵޻ҶĸؼҵʱɱӴ̧˳, ߿ڲ, ȡ޻, ڲݵϡ
ﵯ޻õʵ޻ͷ
Ҷĸߵ޻߽Ҷ褵޻϶ǲ޻ůֻͣҪ˾ͱůöࡣ
޻ͷͺѩһ㡣
һʱǲͣĵ޻йȥˣ극Ҷ褰ѵõ޻װرȻҶĸߣ˺ӹҵԺѵϡ
ӵѹˡ
ͬʱŻ̫ҶĸִӵؽǰЩջĺͰóɹɹֻҪɹˮ־ܱá
ɹһ磬ɹ͸ˣҶϸⴲޱǼʼһζ˯ú
ڶѹʹҶ֪Ҫɱˡ
ÿҪˣЩɱҲͦõġ
ҶڳһͷȻҶĸ˵һǵȥæɱˡ
ҶĸӦһá
ȥȦȦʱطѾΧһȦˣȺ˶ġ
Ҷָмֻ˵ɱֻȫǷʱ죬ࡣ
Ҷ˨Ǹ෴ɱֻȽϺãݾݵģ϶н
Ҷҹ۲һϵ꣬ǻ˵ֻɡ
ҶǶԻеЦ
˶һɱգҶҺܿʹ˽ɱɣϣͷĿѣ
ԴҶ̫ǿʼڻɱˡ
ǹѪǰСϴɾ֮󣬽õѪȥٰɡ
ȻһֻСȷʵ࣬Ѫ֮ʣ೦£Ҷ褴ʱҶĸڣѳҪŻؼ֮һЩ㳦ԡ
ҪСʱһߣҶ褿ʼһʰͷûͷϵëյٷŽˮˢˢɾ
ë˻ӼûëҲûˢӣҶ褼кЩҰëˢӣʱȱЩ
ϴɾұͷõзֿгԺ۾ܳ⣬Ķܳԡ
ʵҲܳԣԻʱԾܻӭҶܾϸܲԵĻǲ԰ɡ
ʣµͷֻҪ΢һ±ͺζˣ±֭ԽڷϣһڳԽҶܳԺü뷹
ģһ±㴽㣬˶Ǽõ¾Ʋˡ
һֻȫ¶Ǳ΢һ£ɹɣгƬϣķʱպͣͱĶ˵㣬ĲҲóԡ
Ѫһһÿ϶һ裬֮⻹һͷ⣬һһΣСպϣζЩͿպϳԡ
Ͳô鷳ֻҪȥͷ㣬ֻ԰п̶ڿ¯ϣϿ濾ˡ
ͿһͣĨһƵĽϣܿͿζˣҶ褻ЩۣŰп
ҶӸ߹ʹҶһ⡣
ȡûҶ˵껰Ҷӱͬʱʣôˣ
Ļ䣬ϵͿʼζ̼Ҷֱ৵ġ
ôôҶӱߴ硣
Ҷεظһ⣬㶼ûҰѻ˵꣬ЩƵۣ͵سЩϰߡ
Ҷһֱû˵ֱһʱŻ
ҹҡ˵
һᣬҶ죬ûסյҶߣͦóԵģҲ¡
Ҷ褿һۣӶͳһֽݸ֮ǰصضһ㣬ر
ҶӦǺúõģȻԵһҶ褾ͿŶܣҶɩʱҲûͷҶɩɻ
ǳһٷʱ䣬ҶӾζӣûȵĵŶӻ˼ң漴Ҷ̫ҶɩһԹ
ҶΪĬؼҺҪһ١
ʱҶһҷֵ⣬һжʮңίʵ٣һڹҪһ²ܳꡣ
յңҶĸͿʼ⣬廨Ҫ㳦
ŹǿдҶĸҶпŹӲģҶе۲һ롣
˦˦˵룬Ӳ
ҶĸЦ˵ҪвҲ㡣
Ҷеͬʱһ䣺ŹҪʲô
Ҷ֪𰸣ŹǣܱܾãԵʱгɿͲһöΡ
Ҷͷҿɾ͵ųˡ
кõŹǷľÿһطѽĻҶĸҶĸӱϵСץһξͿĨŹ棬Ħ£Źܹη֡
Щ£ͰŹǷŵԺͨĵطʲôûǡ
ˣҪǷƺá˵˯
ǿգᣬŹȴǴ´ࡣ
Ҷһҹ˯ú𣬵ڶ𴲵ʱǾܣϴͿʼ㳦
ҶĸʱڿһҹŹǣˮŹǣҶ˵һ㣬ƵõȵУȰ
̫һҶ褱߽ĩ˴ᣬ߽͵ҽ㳦úֱӳԣҪǲһȾͿԳԣгƬҲܷŵͿǰһҶˮ
ҶĸЦŵ٩ôóԣ
ǵȻҡҶһ뵽дǡ
ȻҶйһ⡣
룬ֲҪһ㡣
ҶĻ֮ܿ𵶿ʼ⣬Ҫ⡢廨һʱȫ飬һʱ֮ȫǲ˵ײġˡ
Ҳеر飬Ҷ褾㳦ڶЩĻڸлá
ҶڶڣҶ褴óĵϣǽʹ֮ģٰһ齪ĥɽĩ
Ҷòˣ׼õĵ϶ȥˮһ;ȡ
ʼ㳦ʼ֮ǰҶ褻صðõڹ̯һпָҶҶĸǳζΡ
ҶԼҲһڣûУ̲ĸոպá
ҶҶĸͷſʼ㳦õ©ָɵĳ³ſȻ©ϸٰѵƺõÿһ㵷ȥ
һǳҪĵ£ֱҪᣬҲװ̫¾ͺѡ
ҶָȻʺϵĳȣװŤת³£㳦һڣװһڵʱ򣬳¾ҪһŤתѭܿһһڵ㳦г͡
ݡҶָ㳦ϵһС͹˵Ҫơ
Ҷĸ
õ㳦Ժһӣٴýʱಢÿ͸ź׵ɫ
ֻҪˮ¹֮㳦ͱýʵȻü㳦ŤתĽ㳦ͱһһڵˣڹȡǷ㡣
һͳ˼õ㳦һǳɹ㳦ʵڷ䣬ɿڡ
Ҷ褳Եʱ˳øɾĿӽĨ㳦ϣԴζк㳦壬һһܳ㳦
ҶĸҲرϲζź֪ͶЩˡ
֮ǰժֻչ޵ĽҲֻҶһô󣬶ĵٶȱ죬ѾԿ˴ޡ
ԶЩˮҲóԣ˷ѡҶ˵
ҶĸͷӦá
ҶĸŹͿĨһΣϸһӣԴγŹǡ
ƵŹǱˣֻҪһⷿϷɰ¼ɡ
㳦̫һ֮ϸϸһɫ죬˿ˮ֣ԵʱгƬ߲һ𳴣ζζʱҪˣһˣзҲǸѡҲвˣͬʱӪҲǾ⡣
ǼҵķǵǵŹǺҶ褿ʱ򾭳һС
ѵöǴ죬û¹ѩŹǺɣܿͱשɫ


94 ᶹ
Ҷ褽һӷȡ, õƬƬ֬ѩףֳשɫ, Ǵʯһ
Ҷĸӹ֮Ҷ褵ļ, ȻƬƬһ𷭳, ټϴƬʱһǺ˵ζﴫ
Ҷ褼˿΢ƿһЩ
ȥؽѰѺ춹ùʱҶĸԸ
áҶӦһ
СܵԺؽ̶̧ס, ȿ֮ͨ󣬲Ų̨ȥ
սȥܸо¶ȱҪϲ٣ָ
ʵؽѵСȴװǽʮľ, ÿʳ߹, мľӣָɻȫ
Ҷ褱Ǽʼһɳ¸Ϣ΢΢üľҳһС춹, Ȼַ˷, ľóһ
⻹ǵһֲ, ջ治٣ǰЩӳ˳Եĺᶹǵģʣء
ص棬ϵؽ֮
ʱҶĸѾˣӾͨǺ˵ζҲѾʧ
ҶĸҶﱧϹ, Գˣ
Ҷ褽̨, Ҽǵüʣᶹǲ, ݵԡ
ҿҶĸװᶹǵչ޻˻Σֻˮײڵķ˵ûˣǾݵ㡣
ϸ˵ᶹǲˣݲˣϵͣ˵Ǳ˸ȻҶ褾ʵֻ࣬Ҫԣûʲô
Ҷ褰ѳͷβϴɾ֮ŵͨ紦ɹΪᶹǵܴһˮ֣ҪȻ׻
ǼԵǺ춹΢Щǣ̵ģһƬһǳԵøɸɾ
Էʱ߷Ҷٴ̧⣬Ѿһ㱡İɫѩ
ѩˡ
ҶĸҲ˵ѩˡ
Ҷ԰£Ҫˣǽ궬Ѱ
Щ̫ˣҪһ굽ͷգ¶ȴûʮ£ҪµˮɱʮҲǼҳ㷹
һһɣһѩиճɡҶĸҶ˵²εģ䵽ĶȥٻҲꡣ
ʵѩ׷꡹ũпѧݵģһ䣬ѩũ֮ϣΪ£ȵ꿪ѩʱЩѩˮڴ֡
ڶѩʱ¶Ȼἱ罵ͣʱĺΪ͵¶Ȼᱻͳֳ溦ĸʡ
Ҷ룬ҲǣǴ˼ûжôģһҲá
˿̴ѩԽԽͬɵĺһڴϣҶԺҼ䷴ŵ⡣
ҶĸӦʵ𣿡
Ҷҡҡͷ˵䡣
ɵĳѾˣҪǸϽ˰ɡ
ҶĸӦһãȻչްˮ̹ɹɵġ
ҶߣˮѽƬ˽ǹƤϷŽȥˮݳᶹζһЩ
ˮ֮󵹽չޣ߶ȱûĳټʳΣͿԷˣڴҪһ鲼סϵ
ˣҶĸ˵ϰҾˡ
ᶹ⣬Ļƹϡײ˺ܲҲܰͬķƣζҲܲ
Ҷ褼ﳣƮɢһɵζֱıɿʼɢʱ򣬱ζȡζ
Ҷ´ѩӦòᷢʲô£Ÿһն׼Ų迴ѩԵģſš
Ҷ룬ǰȥš
һķԣһ¨ź̰¨Ķó
ǰȥ˾ɽɽϿϡ澰мˮӣˮ̵ģһûע⣬Ͼͱ˸ݡָǿ
Ҷ褿ָۣȷʵиƵˮݡ
ˮӦþǵȪɣ
ɽСǴԭڵĵطɽҪö࣬ɽǷḻԶС˼˵Ĵȥɽ̽̽·ȻԴѩǾҲûȥ
԰һϺɫԲСֲóǴиƵݵĹȵأȥ֮಻ֲ֪ЩӦãժЩ
ĺˮ˵
Ҷ褴ӹֲϸΣԺͻȻð֣Ŵ
꿪ĿǣܿһԱĳԲεǰֳ͸ɫ
ǽסҶƶ˵
׾Ŵףֻһ㽫֮Ϊװˡ
Ļǰһʱ˵ǿԲӵŴ𣿡
ʵǸϷˣͽŴס
Ҷ褵ͷû
ʣǶжֵȣ
صŰɽȶֵףƵаĶô󣿡
ɲ٣Ҷ뵽Ȳվ˵ôȥ
Ҷĸüֹ߻ѩأѩͣ˵ɡ
ҶҲ˵ʱɽȫʵʵڼҴš
Ҷ֪ȫȥˣⳡѩ᲻ᵼŴ롣
תһֲȱʳŴףҲֻǶһ͵ĳʳûҲϧ˽ռӣԼ֡
ͬʱԿڵüȥǴɽȵ¶ĸߣٵһʱҲûϵ
ȻĻǾͿԵѩ֮ͣȥ
ԭҶѩⳡѩʲôʱͣ
Ȼ첻ԸǴѩ׷ɣԽԽˣϺĻѩѾʼ谭˵ж
Ҷ褹ų̾ô̶һСʱͱ紵÷ۡ
̾ʲôҶĸ֯ë£һˣһ˵֯һëë㣬ҶܰߣҪõʱҲ٣һЩСģë֮ģҶ̫֯ˡ
Ҷ˵ѩԽĴˡ
ɲǣͣˡҶĸ˵ʵʵڼҴŰɡ
ⲻڼҶ˵
´ɱΪԼЩ˾Ͳ¡ҶĸĶͷ
´¸һҶһ
ģҵʱһʱ϶彡ڵһλҶ褰ο
뷨ǧĸǣȻϣԼܹһƽƽ
ҪͺˡҶĸ֯һë·£潪
΢ĲˮʢڹӵĲԳһֱ
Ҷ褵ͷһڣ̵ĲˮӺ£˲ȫɹɸɵģгһƬƬڲƬҲƬƬˮġ
պȵһ룬ߴŵ
һ̧ͷ㿴һϮɫ˿Ķ߽
褡Ѷ
磡Ҷ褲Ĳˤϣæǰ
ȵȡ˵̫ˣůһٹ
Ҷµ˱潪ݸ
ӹů֣Ȼϣһ¶ȣůΪɹ
ůڵģ˵¶ȸӾ⣬ַſĵطȣط
ǣҡҶ˵
ҶĸԷȥɡ
ûӦҶĸ㼱Ҵҽ
ҶĸߺҶʵҽĲΣ
һڲش𣺡ѾûˣǰЩľɼϵë
˵⻰ͻȻ߳ǵһ·ϣԽԽǻߣϡ٣˵ԭ·ϻмԽޣһ;ʱ⼸ǿһˡ
ҶĻĬΣſڣǻȥϷˡ
ֿܱû»Ҫá
翴Щ䣬˵иϢǱ½ǣȡǣ˵ǳ˲ܱ񡣡
ҲЩ˿ͶǣϾŲܻ
ǡҶ䣬ǹŴңɽД֮ΣֻϣɽДܹӳ
ǰǵóȥǶ˵ܾһط
Ǿһ̸ʱҶĸһ˹
ȱˣԵ㶫ůů˵
¹кһꡣ
ҶվӦһˡ
Ҷĸһǰ㳦Ҳ˼һСװЩܲɺᶹǡ
һˣϲҶĸ˵
¯һ磬͸ˣĹ趼ֻҪһεϾͺζˣϻصСˡ
ҶĸѼгݸǡ
԰ɡ
극Ҷĸ˵סôЩûסЩջҲҪʱ䡣
㷿ıҲɹͷóܸǡ
л˵鷳ˡ
ɶ鷳ģȥϴһ£ϽϢɣɫס
Ҷĸ˵ûȻԭͰףְǽİףüۼƣ͸¶Ĳ԰ס
ҶֵǣæȥϢ


95 ɽ·
ڶѹʱ, ɫÿ٣ٲٽţЩѪɫ
Ҷ褴ʱѷŴ׵¸, ѩͣǵùȥ
翴һɫ, ˼˵ⳡѩǻһʱ䡣
һ, ѩͣʱŴѾ˰¡
ȵһ̫Ҷ褱ȲҪȥһɽȡ
γ´ҲţҶܿͬҶ褸һ
ȷȥɽһʮˣаҶ, 磬ԵˣʣĸСΪ׵·ˡ
ǳʱ컹ûһƬɵģˮ, ȫ
ɽɽı, ·ԼҪʱʱ䣬ҺǲҪȫ·ƥ¿Ű峵, ¿ٶȱԼߵٶҪһЩ
Ҳһʱɽ¡
С˵ʱа̴ڱð, ǴԭȾ
ָžɽɽ˵֮ǰȥ, ̶̼µʱ䣬ѾֲȫסˡҲҪԭ֮һʵ뿪֮ǰѾԤףÿӵֲնղɾ߳, ЩжҧһϾͳرİ
⻹õ, ԱȽ΢, һСЫӿŲۣһҧɶȲˣв˶Ķ
´⻰ϸʱɫԽ۵ĳӶԾԽǿǽɽҲһ˰ǧҪע⣬ǵýҿ
˷׷׵ͷ
ɽ֮ǰǰڿȫ䣬˴·࣬ټͷϴŵһĻɴñӣȫװ
ɽڲ¶رͣľһ˪ѩԵּ쳣ʱʱO@ĲȻǿȥʱȴʲôû֡
һĺ紵Ҷ褲ɵô
翴ݸһůֵ¯̿¶һ㣬ʤޡ
¯ͭƵģûʲôơ
Ҷ褽һ£̫䣬¯ȷʵ̫ůͣ¶Ⱥϸ΢ΪǴ
С·߽߱ܵǱߵһȺҰǰһ֣ӳԣ¹Ⱥܺܡ
ɽˣ˵ÿ˽⣬󲿷ֵطġ
ԷֵǴɽȡ
Ǿ֪ɽȺӡСǴɽص
˵ɲǣǱҪ£ɽȱһƬεסҪǵʱ·ˣ治һҵ
ֻ˵仰ͳһӵ磬˺ܿͱ졣һн˰ʱĵر죬ϳԽʳúܿ졣
ʱС˺Ҷ˸ĵطʼѩǽǽܹסķ磬û˷ǾͻһЩ
Ҷ褺ȡһСǰ׼õʳˮ׼ʼ
ʣµǵΧ̣˳ܲù/ֻҰ֮ġ
ҶտһˮЩǣϧĶʣҲ࣬տָڰ峵Ϣˡ
ԼҲһˮȫ¶ůŽõİƷµֻΣõζƲϺãǹ̵һ¶ǣ˶㡣
Թһٷʰʰ·ˡ
˵ǹƵɽϹҹ
Ҷ죬ÿζ磬ס˵ǴٱϯӺ̸ǣҹҲû¡
˵̸ǾǴŵľһӺ̺Ϊһ壬еִ˯
ֻҪѩȷҹһֱȼţ¶ûô͵£¶ҰȻѹҲǲܡ
˵˯ʱҶ褸˯һ̸ǣȵˣҶ˯ﵹһҹΣ˯úһ㺮ⶼûо
ѹҶ褻Щţû뵽˯ôá
ôûҹҶðȵˮϴʡ
ҶĨֻҪǾ㹻ˣС廹ʵʵ˯ɡ
ֹҶûҹʵͳ´ҹҲû˽ǡ
нʵǼƣ۵£Ȼһ·ϡĶֲ˼Ȥ
Ҷ褾ȵǼ˲ΣǸðͷģʺϲժٵٵȼС
С˵ɽ˷˲Σ֮ǰиҩڵһʮ˲ΣسĸҪ˺üӣӵֱֺӾټҴӴӰᵽسǡ
´Ļ˵Ҽǵ£Ǹ˲Ȼûʮ꣬Ѿܽӽˣӡ
ڵĿĵء
ҶʱһӾΪһֱû˷⴦ɽˣΪɽǰһƬ֣ҪƬӲܿµͱڣߵͲټ£ᣬͱ»ɽȣ÷ȥС
ЩƵʣôֵģ
⣬ɵÿ쿴ؾǲٽĵס
Ǹ·ģʱĵ˵ﴩȥ֮ܵǰɽĵطǶˡ
΢죬ҪңҲҲ⴦ɽء
ҲǸɡ
ɽʵǼƣ۵£رЩ͵ɽ¡
һû˵ҶҲ۵ùǺ
ǷɽµʱɫѾ䰵ˣֻԵĵطһЩٺɫĹ⡣
ʱҶŶ͵ɽü˵ô£¿²ȥ
Ϳǹ£˵Ӹȥ￴¿øиȫɽǹȥС
˵ȷʵеӼ˷׷׵ͷͬһ˺ܿ͸¿ɽǸɽǰڸǣҲûжĺۼֻһСϨĻҽ
˵ǵҹ
ǰٺ֮Ҷ褾ͰҪĶŽһ˱һ׼ȥˡ
ҶȥȻӹ̶סʵǸȫϣԵ˸òϣ¾ȥҶ褿ĿɿڴֻҪٻƮƮ·Ϳ˵ʵṦˣ
ϵҶϣϸǧСģԸٶҪż
Ҷε˵ֲɵİɡ
ȻŹȱʵӣȥ˫ֲһ㲼ĥҲۡ
Ҷ褱ŵζ¶Ҫ߸һЩԼȵӡ
ɽϷǰвƵģվڵߵɽȥɫдأɽһߵĻɽҲ֪ʲôʱ緢
ҺСѾԭȵĴӣɽһ緢嶼Ӳ
µʱҲˡ
ǰ·ԽζԽŨء
ҶȪӦڵҽҲȣˮЩҲʱͱȣ϶γɵġ
ˡͣסŲ˵Щˮˮر̡
ǰ˵ˮӣ˵һһĳӣдСгôСһ˶װ¡
ڵѬüȣϽˮ
Ҷ褸հַŽ㱻̵һЩȣ¶ǵʮˡ
Լ˾˵˵ûɡ
ҶͬصͷȻȲ˵ȴȥֲȵĵط
ȪҪԶһЩӵ·̣һǳǳϪóʪҪϪǵˮǷǳɽȪˮﳱʪůĻڶֲá
Ҷ褿һƬɳʢŴ˿Ȳǰ꿪ǣ¶һĨЦݡ
ɣջʱ򡣡
˵ǵһʱ䣬Ŵոߡ
СӦɣ¶Ȳͣʳˮģʮ¶û⡣
ҶվĶŴԵ˵ȷʵʺŴ
Ҷ褵ļ磬߰ɣפ
ȪԱ֦˼ӣϯ̸ǣҲ֪ɽﵽûʲôΣգϻĴͶ߸ֶ߸֮ġ
ҶҪȥԵʱҶ褱ǵҲ֪ʲôҪע⡣
Ҷɫˣŷߡ
֮ʣµ˾Ϳʼʰϴˢ룬Ȼˮ
ҶǷʹЩĳ´Ϣ˯һᣬһԷʱٽ
´Ҳûƾܣ˵һ·ȷʵ۵ûš
ҶЩǸ⣬֪ŵġ
ȷʵе͹һ·ϵۡ
ްԼȡģ˵ʵﻹҵҽãԼ˯һͺˡ´ڰЦ˵
Ҷ褿´ˣͷֽ뿪ȥ߰æ
ҶǻʱѾɱõһֻһֻӡ
ôôҶʣǹߴһʱҡ
ҶˮĨ˰ش¹Ⱥĵطһ壬ԿܴܲҪܵĻǾʱȱˡ
Ҷ֪ԭҲͲ˵ʲôüгɿЩͽƬȥȣúΣȻѱӲı˺ӽȥ
һڵļɾˡ
ӾҶǿˣտԱģۣ󿾳ζʵһ㣬һҶֻһھҲû
Ҷ˵ǵúúϢҪʼոˡ
ЩԾԾԵӦá
Ҷ褺˯һ¾ͿСó̿𴦽һȼ¯¯ŵݸ
㱧ڻӦ֧ŵҹ˵
ټװˮˮұڽŵףҶһҹůůͺ͵ġ


96 
һаĶصŴ, һ߰˸ʼոȣʱûѿǣֻѵס, ȹؼҺٽнĲ衣
ոʱ, Ҷ褰ʣĵס, ȻվһĽɫȶѣɵ¶һĨЦݡ
Ƿյϲð
ʱҶ߹кҶ褵ʰ˿ݳӡ
νݳӾȪ⼸һÿ϶ȥһ, Ҷ褾ͦⷦҲ֪ǲĴÿ˯ͻ˯ø̤ʵ
ϡҶӦһ
ϵӣŸߵëͻϴѶװ, һȥȪ
ѡǸС, ҶסѽŷŽȥ¶ȷʵЩߣ̵ջؽ, ôӴһ, Ϳʼ졣
״ĳӱϵʯͷ, һᣬӦݽȥ
ԲεģΧŹ⻬Ķʯȵ, ֮ҲΪ
ڵ, ѬҶ˫շ졣
¶Ⱥܸ, ʵ̫ʺϾסҶһ㿪ڵ
ͷû
ɽůů̫ʪ˾סĻƻܲϰߡ
Ҷ褱߰ѽŷŽȵϰˮ֮ѵѣһڝﻬȥ̵ĳˮ˲ûؿڡ
ȫ̺ˣҶ褳ӵµһʯͷϣգգ۾ᶼ̳ˡ
絹ûʱɫû˿仯ҶҲƣƤɫ࣬ôô
һ󡣡˵Ҷ褲ŷ˵ˡ
һȴǿԵģҶգգ۰ַĸ첲ϣ⻬ҼУŵǹϸһ㼡⣬
ҶɿԼĸ첲֮Ĳ˼֮顣
Ҳûж尡ô໹ô󡣡
Ҳ˼꣬Ȼֿ̿ܺЧȴǺԣֻǶ˵ļ
˵ˣܹ֤ͺܲˣպٽһʺϵ似ܹǿ塣
ƾ̫ȭİɣҶĻţͦڴġ
ȫ͸֮ҶóһǷۿʼϴ裬Ƿ滹Щɷۣˬϴ֮ȫ첻١
ʱҶ۽ǵͻȻʲô䣬һԭƮССѩȻѩû䵽ͱڵȻˣͬʱҲǴ˿˿⡣
бʯѵһķ羰
ԼӺҶ褵ļ˵ݸˡ
Ҷ褵ͷϸɾѣȻպãһȥϪϴ
ǸմӳҶ褾Ϳһ
ҵʲôˣôˡ
Ҷ褵ʻԾͰѿŵǰ˵ػش𣺡ﾹȻ
СʳָСӣͨɫݮɫࡣ
ҶһŷŽζҲݮֻ࣬һЩ
˺ܿͽʳ꣬ʱҶ˵Ϊ¶ȱȽϸߣʵĹӲŸճ죬ժһժȥɡ
鼸˶ͬ⣬д󲿷ժӳԵģҶ褸һֲ̫һתɽȣûʲôܳԵĶ
˳ӣŻûԷʱ䣬ǾҪĶˣפɳ´һλҧһڵĴš
פĵطһûг죬ǸժˣԶһݮɽӺ͵ȣװ
Ҷ褸֣ͿɽȱԵЩɫĹӹϣһʱ棬͸˵һһȥ
ԽĹӾԽɫԲιʵԼ⣬Ƥֲڡ
ʱҶԺ̸ֳһ֣ʡ
ǼǾȣ鲻Խؿ£̧ͷһ÷ïĹҲ֪˶ã֦ҶïģʵеѾڵϣеÿӿݡ
ǣɻʡ
Ҷ褻عԳ֮ΪʣҲԽĸζᣬԣǵζϻˮȶܺʣˮһζرãģÿϺһֹֿθ
˵ȴ磬ǺҶǻʲôϽժɣװʣµļ𡣡
˵־Ͷ֣˰ѱϵĿ£׷׿ʼժʡ
ҶЩǴ˼ѼЩ
߼߽ǵǵüʱҪһЩ֦Ҷ
Ҷ褱ǼȫƤζ
ժø˵ʱԱͻȻ֦Ħмصĵ
ʱ򶼲Լͬͣ¶û˸˵ʱ簲÷·ڵ϶
Ҷ褶һκ䣬ڵϷžડһ˵ӦǲģҶ褶ȴ羪һ㡣
ΪǰͻȻֻܣǰֻ׳Ӧһֻĸܣ滹ֻֻһ볤ĵСܡ
һֱӱ¶ֻܵ֪ΪֻĸȴûǣֻקϵɽݮקֻСǰ
Сܼؿһһһڳɽݮ
Ҷϵĺˮðһʱ֮侹֪ηӦߵʱѾ壬ŵֻܵӰӣһжҶ褷뿪
ĸ̶ܴɽݮתˡ
ҶĿԶֱֵʱŷԼȻһֱϢ㱻
ļ磬ѾûˣЩ
ҶźһϢ˵ˡ
Ҷʵǲûǣ
ҡҡͷûǣ
Σһ£Ҫһ̶ֻĳĸܣ⼸򲻹ܻᶪ
һ£ϻʣҲժſפܣ´Ǳӣɵþ㵵ʣôˣ
ҶĨѺʵ˵ˣɽʵڲȫһ͵ߡ
´ɫһͬشҲá
ϢһᣬҶвסߡ
ȥ֮ǰ￴Ҫ¹ʹóһٺõġ
仰βԽԽͣΪѾܵʮ׿ĵط
ҶûǣֻרʰժĶ˸ֹ⣬оҰˣЩִߣϽˡ
´ҲԱҩģߣɽժģرã´ϲʱֵúϲ£졣
һֹѪҩĥɷ֮Ѫ˿ڴɢֹѪʹһ±زٵҩġ
ҶϴҰ˾Ϳʼ´ĶӶ뵽ǴֲҩģֵҲ٣Щģǻκ͵飬ǰƢθܹѪǸǳõҩġ
ߣֻҪڴɹֲЩȥɽԵĴ˾˶֢ҩġ
¯Ϲ๾ˮפһƬ¾á
Ҷǻʱû¹ŵĿװϸ㡣
Ҷɻʣôȥץˣ
ûȥϪ㣬ԾȥץϪץģһץһ׼Իش
ϸۣʵʺûҶ褱˿㡣
˵һģȻ㷭ģºҶ褰ѵƬŹˡ
磬øʹҶ褴ʱ鲻֣ͽæг뽫֭Һϡ
簴˵һ֭͵ڱϴɾͿϡ
һ֦ﴩ֦һͷǴβð
ȥȵ֭Ҷ褻ЩΣûзۣζۻƻ㱾ζ
𽥿ɵɢ˷׷ʿˮ۰Ͱ͵ؿҶ褡
ζҶ褰һõݹȥ
æʳһ㣬Ե˵ֻͷΪӦ
شոպá
ҶֻͱҶȥ㡣
ſȥԣʣµҶ˵
ҶһһߣȻϢϢ£뵽ҧһڿ㣬ԭζι֭ĸֻ࣬мһ̺ΧйɵĴ̣ܺС̺ϸ̳ųž͵³õԼʵû¸ɾ̣᲻̵ɤ
ȻǲЩθԣʳʵǴӴĺͰףڻһóʱƤڣһջģԭͱ֮ǰ𣬿ۡ
һҰԺȡ
ҶΧפһȦۻƷۣԤ߳ϵġ
֮Ҷ褲ſ˵ش壬ҹʱҪ㣬һ㶯ð˽
ԭոҹĲСˣҶ˾鲻㣬ҹԺȥԼӹҹĻ


97 ŴϹϱ
һҹƽ˾, Ҷѹʱмңƽȥһ¡
µʱҶȥȥ֮Ҷ褽, ˰ʹ, Ⱥܿ˳ȫȥˡ
˵, кüӺҩģЩĺܳһȥʱҶ׳ѾҪĥˡ
߰ɡ˵
˵סҶ褵, ͻʯ鵱̤壬¾ϣҶ褶ûӦֱŲʵϲЩʵС
ȷû¶֮, Ǿȥ, û뵽ǣȥɽʱ򾹿ĺһϢ̸ϣϵ˿, İײѪɫ
Ҷ褶ʱ𾪡
ҲСǴԻ, Եһ, Ǹ˸ģվǶһֻƵģ˵Ӧûôصˡ
´Աҩȥ
Ҷ褳ôʱ俪ʼѯӵ׷ʲô¡
Ӱյͷ, ̾˵, ȻűӺͺ, ǵŵžˣȥҲû£һ컹ôֻڶͲˣӱȽϵùһֻϹ۵ĹǣŶȥȻǸŹһֱͷײٴֵҲסĴײǿֱ۶ˣӾʹˤǲԸϹȥŴǿо
վһߵĽӦʱɵò廰ͷײԼײͷѪҲ֪ͼɶ
ҶǵĻ»һܣͿҰѾǰƤгɿ鶳ڿһɹƤ£ͷǵӦòС
ȵȳ´ν
⻰һ˶ȫǵΧڳ´ͺԱߡ
´ɫԽ࣬ƿֺǷԸҶѿóɷۡ
Ȼ󿪿ڵϵ˵ǻãֻҪͿ߷۰Ѫֹסɣܵ˾͵úҩˣȻͷȱҩġҩ˵ġ
ҶɫصʣҪʲôҩģ
ơʡ䡢ʲݡɽף컨´һһʲôΪģʵǴﶼС
⼸һСԪѪҩҪҩģЧǻѪͨ磬֢Ĳ顣
Ҷ˼ΣҸ˻شһˣ
ʱԸµҽų̿죬һȥһһضһҹ
ã鷳ȥһˡҶͬ⣬·ǧҪСЩ
ʣµıӺһˮҶװٴš
뿪֮󣬳´ĥõ߷ۺҩķĩͿĨں˿ϣȻðײסЧƵѪ϶ֹסˡ
ڹȻȱҩģǳ´ǴЩõļҩιɻԵĺ
Ҷ褼ɫƽЩɿֻҪܳŵٻͺá
תֿһѵȣüͷЩȻýдأһֱҲ¡
ʳ´򣬡ҪãԼʲôʱܶش壿
´ش𣺡ǵһʱ䣬߰죬¡
ʱȷʵ̡
ʱС˵Ҫ褸ȴŵȻش壬ҸӦչ
´˵Ҳ¡
ʱҲֻˣҶ褳̾
شļٴжǽѹһѹڰ峵ϣ¿ţҲ棬ίʵᣬѹð峵һ
Ҷι¿Ŷǵͷ˵ˣȻشǾܺúϢ
ԶԶͷȥ
˵¿仯Ҳܴ¿ãֻЩƥͲһˣͺӣÿֻԶ߰˰ٽĶ
ڻȥ·ϣҶһûͣԶҲǿӲӣպˮȣõʱ伫٣Ǳʱ˽ӽ֮һʱ䡣
ʱѾҪҩ뿪ˣǲûײϣҲ·ôϾ·һѺ֣мѣߴ·
ҶϸҶ褣ûˣֻϴЩƣſʼˡ
״Σ
ϵˣþ˳´ǾչʱȶֻҪܼʱҩĴȥˡҶ˵
Ҷ˿ͺá
¿ŵİ峵ϵĵȣʵŴ
Ҷ褵ͷûǷŵʱ̫ãøϽʰˡ
ϱпչһˣżҶѯʺ
Ҷûգֻ˵Ӧǡ
ǧл뿪ߵʱ򻹰Ѽ£ƾҶĸôûͷ
ŰɣҲǸοҶ
Ҷ褰̾ǲúٽôΣյҲ⣬Ͼ۶Ÿճ
Ҷֻ΢ʱԺôŴء
̸ˮһģһֻҪ̯ɹ֮ٽѿǾˡ
ȻȴԽˣȻѩ̫꣬գˮأˮֺɹɣɹ߰죬ϰʽ˵ɹò࣬Կʼѿǡ
ʱСҲźشˣʱһľͷϱ̧ģѾѪɫ
ǳ´۵ɫЩ԰ףҺûʲô缲ֻҪԼһָܻ糣
ϱԸмлؼҺصԼӸ´ֻл
´һҵûƴǣҪֻʲôصĶҲġ
Ҷֱ´˵ĻʱһֱŵĲķû¾ͺá
ȫעڸŴѿǣǴѿõһʯʣΪ򵥣ֻҪһϸľʾƺôʯͷɵʯʣʯʵҲ鷳ˣҪһʯͷͺƾƹơ
ǰѵȷŽʯȻµֱ׿Ŵϰ룬ٹһɸӾͿˡ
õŴ׳ֳϸͣҶ褿˿һ㣬ոʱ䲻ԣټϵˮûɹʵĳ̶ȡ
ⶼŴףҶЩӣһԿ
˵Ŵ׻ȥЩŴϹϱԡ
ϹϻʣͶܴҶ褵˫ֲܱ
ԲĹĵϹ϶һʿϹȿмϹѣϹȷŵһߣͷһųԡ
ҶĸϹȿгɿ飬죬Ȼ󵷳̺࣬ǣҶһ߰Ŵ׵ɷۣϹš
гС֮ҶͿһͣСԲѹԲҪ֥飬԰Բ水֥ˬڣûҲûϵ򵥵ŴϹϱѾܺóˡ
Բڹһ£𽥱ýƣʱŨϹɢ
Ҷ褳һڣڸ쳣ŴЩճϹϵ̵һ𣬴һֱĵס
ŴϹϱҲرÿճǽɫģ΢֮ͱϹϵٻɫģһ̲裬ԺĶ䡣
Ϲϱ͸ү̺磬ŻصҾͿֿʼƮѩտʼֻСѩûڵϾڻˣֻµʪۣԽԽ󣬶ëĴѩסƬأһжڸѩ档


98 Źǹ
Ҷʱ, ˲ĿʹӱǻܽΪ˯µԴʱΪ֮һ塣
ϴ꣬Ҷڼ, ֪Ӧǳȥѩ, ߵѩֻҪһ첻ͻѻζס, ʱһŶȥ
ʱҶĸѾ緹ˣֱһ趹ԺըýƵϹϱ
£ָڶ£ȻкҶ褵Է
, ϹϱҶ褳֮Щ㡣
ʱҶûҶ褿һգƮѩֻǺСѩһˮĺ潪׼ȥæ, Ȼû뵽, СѾǰŲˣ֮ԻûΪȥ˴, ȥש̾͵СϵĻѩ
û, ҶѾŲӻˡ
ҸȥæҶ褽ӹĲ˵
Ҷڹ̵Ľ, û£ߵĻ࣬οǰæϲûˡ
߻ѩ, ǻǵʵʵڼ
Щ䰡п
ѩ, Ҷ˵νڴѩҽǼʶˡ
Ƕ, û¸ϽˡҶĸ˵
ҶæӦһˡ
źü߲ˣдײȻǱزٵģаܲף׶͸־ɻ
ҶĸָҶȥϴõŹгɿ顣
Ҷ褿ЩܿͷӦҪʲô
Źǹӳԣ
Ҷĸ˵˵ǰ䣬ʺϳһڵĹӡ
ŹԭԴصζ̹ˮҲ̣˹ﲻöΣֻҪͺ͸ִϷŽﳴ㣬ٰкõŹǷŽȥˣŸϸǼˮ󣬴ԼһӺͿԽ򿪵ů߲š
Ӷ˳Χǰ߳Թӱġ
ŹǳӲڲõĹƶȴ㣬Ȼûд֬ʽʵڶζ
Ҷϲ֭Ķһȥˣ춼㡣
˹⣬Ҷ褻÷ۺ˺ˮģʺ΢ůԣֽ
ҶĸһŹǷŽӸĻӦǶů֮󡣡
п֮ǾӻֵǱʱ졣
Ҷ⻰в˵ȴһ٣ԥһ̽ſڣҪûϲˣҿЩɻ𣿡
һԼϲģҶĸȰؿֻϣһƽ˳졣
ҶҲ˵̫żǰкǣֲ㴫ҵοܺúõĻȥͲˡ
áҶӦһĻľܷһˡ
ô࣬ϽԷҶĸһ㳦Ҷ
Եһߦ棬Ϊ󵽺Щ̣ͬʱһˮȥ
Сر𾢵֭ȫζˣΨһвЩУҪȻԽͱֱ
緹ճ꣬ҶҶ褱С˯˰ʱٴѹʱȫҶǰúǿһһ㡣
ǷһˮȻˮûӷۣһҶ褾ͱһ飬ٶЩλ
ᣬü롣
ѱӷ£ߣߵݾͿҶҶĸڷѥӡ
Ҷĸ̧ۿҶ褣˵Ͻ񣬹Ұݴɡ
Ҷ⻰߹ȥ£ӹҶĸСӣʼרĵشݣЩ֮ǰ¶ȸߵʱǴ߲ժģɹɺ˺ܾãýпգóѥ
ѥõƤʵţƤãȻûţֻ˶Ρ
ȱȻһǽŵĿȺͳȣ̿Ƥϻһ¡Ҷĸָǵǵ΢һطǻݡ
ԣҶĸҶ̿ƤϻĽͣͬͷ
ѡ򼹱Ƥӣƽֺá
ҶĸָƤϣﹹ˼μ֮ſʼ֣ЬͷЬЬ׵
Ҷ褿һʣ¼˫ѥӵļþֵġ
Ҷĸ͸ѥӣѼúõƤԵڷЬͷЬЬ׷һ
ɵݱѥǼѵǺ鷳£ȫ˶һ죬ܳԵĺȲ裬Щ鷳ͱҸ
ɵѥǵ͵Ķѥ߶ֻһ㣬ѥͲĸϵԽȫѥͲ
ҶĸѴ߼ϣɽ󣬽Ҷ褹һºϲϽţ
ҶԣѥӴǳʣֻѥ⴦Ŀռϴ·Щ̤
ⲻ󡣡Ҷĸ˵һЩݾˡ
Ҷĸ˵Ҷ褰ѥټӹһ¡
ڶһҶ褱㻻ѥӣ˵߼·ѥӺϽʣůֻͣŶëݰš
ҸѥӸ͹ȥҶĸйԸ
Ҷ褽ӹѥӵͷȥ
ǵðѶϡҶĸһ䡣
֪ˡҶ褴ſڵľ¼ϰԼĶϣ˵ǶңʵһñĴ£Ƥģë޵ģһɫڳġ
֮е⣬һëûС
Ҷ褴ñӣϵϵڲϣȻһЬѥ档
ЬĹЬףһѩʱŻʹãΪЬЬö㲼̳ģټϷͿˢͩͣЬ׺ЬüӲ˵ȽϷˮ
վųȥʱѩͷ
Ҷ·ϵʱ򣬻ңҺשϵѩɾˣשϰ͹ƽ˵òÿȷʵõˤſ
Ҷ褰ѥӵݸԿϲϽţߴ粻ʵĻܸġ
ӹ֮ҲûƴǣϣЦŸ˵ǳϽš
Ҷ˵ѥӷģǼȴģ㴩źʾС
ѼҶĸŷƵģҪΪǼȫӣһ߻һʵû츳·ϴܴ
ֲɽÿζض飬в˶Ը߻⣬Ьñ֮ĵǲȱ
ȻҲնҶ褼٣ǾͻŸЩǲѩ֮ġ
߿ʱͻȻţǼһ΢ЩȣΪһ֮ǰǴ˽ɽ鲶Ե壬ųûãô
һȻѩɫȴܺÿӦòʲô¡
ȻϢҴ˽ɽպһȺţ٣Ƶʮֻ
ĻҶ褲ɵֱ壬ʣţȺ
һͷţȺֻѩ̫ã״̬ЩãмֻѾڵϣһϢҵһЩȺţû¼ǶţԼ֪ͨ
ߣҸȥҶȲվ˵
ʱסĸ첲ȵȣȥҶ˵һٴϴһȥ
˵еҶ褺ܿƽǻ˼ң¸߸Ҷ
Ҷ֪󵱻ϵ´˵һǸϽȥһˡ
֮ѡ´Ϊ˸óβϾǳסڴֵë
ҶôҲԭģǴԽԽ࣬Ҳճ̣ڼֿ԰ĵУţǵʲõĵһѡ񣬱¿˵ţǿȻˣ¿Լŵ㣬Ǿٶȸ죬ʺͲ˵ضЩʡ
´ҩϹ֮󣬿˫ֿտգɵúɸֵôȥϽȥˮǽжϡ
ȶãһ˲ɼһǰ·һǰĿĵأȻ·ѩ㼫ҶʱʱݽȥһΣʱ·߲ˣҪѩһ²УЩŽ¾һֱˤϣЩ˵øлһѩˤס
Ҷ߾磬Ҫĸ첲վȡ
òײŵطʱҶԶ߹ɵİײ˵Ⱥţ״̬ʮֲãЩѾȲˡ
ҶѭȥֻмֻţſںĻѩʹѩϣһ㶯ûС
Ҷҿۼˣæ˵ǸϽȥ
Ⱥţһʮֻֻ´Ĳ쿴ѾȷûˣʣµĵǶоεأҲǳ࣬١
´ԸǵȰܱߵѩһ£ȺţǳŲǴش壬Ȱǵ״ȶ
ҶԶͼһķԸͿʼѩ㣬õǴͲӣһܲһƬյء
Ҷ褺ӱ¨óǽˮιȺţЩ˵ţڻѱȡůȵ彥ӦȻߵ¶ȣȻˮ塣
ǼֻѾţǱҶҰϣ׼شָһ£ţⴢ
ιˮȺţһЩˣеѾ԰ڶԴҶǰֻػɫһ˫˶۾
Ҷ褼״ɵԴ


99 ţɺţ
ȻԴܶ, ǾʹѾȻ˴룬ʣµľιǳϣվʱٴǻش弴ɡ
Ҷ褰õͶϵıӰιȺţ, ֱӵӪֵܵ, , ȴǸõѡΪܴ󣬹ܳԺü£Ȼ, ţֻԱӣú֡ϣܳý׳
ѩϵţȺ衹Աӣһʱ֮Χȫţ
Ҷ¶Цݣ˵˵ȺţֻҪȫ, 꿪ľ˰, ٿ֮һʱ䡣
Ĺˣϰǵ뷨һͬȫҲһҲܰߵĻĵؿѵʺϸֵ״̬, Ͼˮƽ, ĲֻҪջĳݺƽ, Ҫ;ߺ
һ֮һʱɲˣʮ±ɰ˸£ЩѻĵؿЩһˮظ͸ͷʳʱ͸ɣҪзϸ, ú, ˵, ֲܱĻá
ɲǣʲôţǰɣԭǻڷμӿ쿪ĵٶȣһ¾ʮͷţˡ
ҶԶ˵ҲׯϲĪţˣǰȫһͷţ𣬾ҲûڵǺˣһȺţֱײϣֻҪúžС
ȴ󲿷ţվʱҶ褱ǲϣȺţ˳Ƕû˿
ֻмͷúЩֻņ̃ϣɼһߡ
ڵÿ죬ʱѾǰͷ缸˵ȼѣȻҲֻǰһ׵ĵط
Ҷһ˫ִڶ¯ֻʣ£ǰΪûо䣬侲ͱѩֱӡ
״΢΢ǰŻ˵һ㡣
ܿҶ褾ͱȺм䣬ܱ˵ţû˺Хĺ磬ȷʵо¶΢ſˡ
ѩ·ش壬յҶ褾Ϳڴ˺Щˣô죬ѩأҲ䣬һţеĻֺǺǵģָţЦÿġ
ҶͷʹЩģ߶źãҲ¶ϲɫǰͷţֵÿ
˵ʣɻпеĵط
ҶԶԴ֮ǰ޽ȦмûϣȺţʱýȥȹٽĽţＴɡ
УеطþͺáҶͷûסһȥͷţ˩ãͰԼӰѼ򵥵ϵʳõʱϡ
пˣͿרţԵϣϿѡ׽ոѣСոѣ֮ģҶ褾ֲݣʺϸţԣϸϾǰƤҲǴﳣġ
´ֻ࣬ҪůܶǺָܻܿʱöЩõģⳤҪɻ
ʱҶ˵ǣԼԷҲýǳԺã
ҶӻЩڸ򽻵꼦Ѽ¿һȺСܲͷɵ÷ˮ
ǶˡҶͷļ硣
úţȺҶҶ褺ؼҡ
͵ǻȥˡҶ˵Ҳڼס£ٻȥ
ûƴǣȻӦҿпڸˣҶûܱȵϡ
⻰ҶЦúϲ£ˡҶЦ˵ȥЩϢ
ž͵˼ſڣݺϴ˯
˯ǰҶ뵽£ˢȥ˵ֻţӦܳԵģȻζôôţ⡣
ʵϸ˵ţǲܳԵģ£ֻҪп֮ѪʵģǾͻܳԣֻζдȶϾѪˣ䣬൱һȻĴ䣬ţⱻʵʵζб仯Ҳ仯úء
ҶѾشˣȫһ֣ÿӦöֵܷ
Ҷ褵ͷţЩóԵģţǸѡ
Ǹ˵һȻŰȵڴϣһҹΡ
ڶһҶ褱õָǼҵţ⣬սţûŵʲôζֻһţζӦܳԵģȻѪѪûŵţЩڣ಻ôÿ
Ҷ褳̾ȻһţĴСֳʳǿţţɣǿţʹţɡ
ţȻö˵ŨصĵζڸסζϵһЩȱ㣬ţҲ࣬ʵĿڸҲֲ㡣
ûŸɾѪţҪˮݣݳѪˮУҶӣţֿŵˮݡ
ȵţʱ򣬲ͣţͱ磬Ҷ褿ӵӣòʲôúÿʹЩŵĶҲš
Ҷ褾һ̹ȻӦѧϰĵط
ֿһᣬȥҶĸһţĵˣҶĸѴкͽгƬٷ˽ǡҶϡ
ЩҲɽҵģ±ζܺʣżʱҲһЩ㡣
ȻҶ褿ʼˮѵϰײϵúӵˮðݵʱܰţŽȥôտС佥ζ
Ҷ褳ͷĻ꣬һ磬˵һֱϲȥˡ
֪ģСĻ𣬱ô
û£ԶءҶ褲˵
ϾţʵѾеˣߵԣֻҪϸһɴ˵ȥʱͺˡ
õЩʵҶ褵÷ѵ㾢ûڼһԲεڵӸˮϵʱ򣬾Ϳʢźˡ
õţֻҪŵԺﶳһ£ͶðӲͷʱһžһζ
ʱǹ±ŵţҲ±ˣʣµ֭ཹðݣƿǺһŨζȴǺˣ˵ʳ
֮Ҷõгʳָô״СŰճ¼ķӿʼΡǺۣʵӦ÷һЩϳ֮ģߵǵζ϶ȱ
ˣϰ졣Ҷ褲˵
һҾͳԵֻҶӺţ裬̺ǳصĴ䣬Ե쳣ˬ
Ҷ褳˳ζҲΪţ⣬ԺôζѾˡ
ʵĿڸɵøп˵ڵţڵܵϸߡ
Ҳ滹֭ءҶĸԵøˣһװһЩү̳ԡ
˵Ҷпˣү̽ѾʮģŶ˵񻨼֮꣬ʮųͷ˾壬ͷҲףںθڶãûҧġ
緹Ҷ褳һʷˮʵܿȥ˿ǻζ
Ҷĸˮѱӷ£ȥѾ˰ţţݳɺɫ˺ʳ
Ҷ˵óˣ΢һ£ֻҪţϵˮֿɾС
Ŀܻʮ㣬ţһüӲ
ĻӳҶϣԳֺ룬ӵؽó֮ǰժİʮֿڣڻȻˣҲܳˡ
õţɼＸ˰һ˳˿˿ζŨɹˣֻҪ·ɼɡ
ɵţɿԴܾãҲߣʺϵŵĸ
л˵
ǧҪȥţϵţ⣡
д鹹


100 
ţֻһţ, ǷֵģҲֻ˰һ˷, Ҳû١
Ҷʱ֪, ȺţרŲ̵ţ, Ǵͳũûţ׳ӦǿҳԿ, ʶϸۣǳʺֳ
ҪţȺܵúãպǴҲÿ궼ܳһţ⣬ɱ˻ܱɱţˣ
Ҷ뵽ϲɵ¶Ц, һͷţϴǱ, ţﵨҽʯҲһζţƵҩģȽⶾ֮Чƿ, ʹȲ֢
˵ţţ, ţͬλвͬĳԷ, ͬζá
ţࡢţ
ҶžҪˮиհõİŵŴİʷ·Ϳһľ
м, Ҷϲľǰ, Ϊζϸ, ΪۺߣֻҪϼͻеǿıУʱҶ褶ӶˣûԷʱ䣬ͻһӡ
ȻˣҲܶԣԶױأϲĸо
һںХΧڻ¯ǰԿӣ̣Ƕܰʱ
Ҷ褺һ̣ȥһûУֻŨζ
Ҷ˵꿪ĵʱ׼ѿӵһƬȫѳˮרֲȣɽƬĵأЩС֮ģΣ
ʵҶ褣ҶصͦõģӱˮȷʵǸʺֵȵĵطĵظտʼճһ㣬أȹջӡ
ǱáҶͷͷİԽȻĵϵĩ˵ǴȻǰʳͣʡŵȴ㹻ģټϰǶ˵ʳӦûա
ҶĸԸпһ䣬պðʹɽԣٶԣɾûʳͳԲܾòʲô
ҶĸܣΪҲԷʳ棬Ǻ׶ԣҪȻû׾ͳԲ
Ҳԭģûʳά˲С
Ҷ˵ѵʱûϴպҲûʳԣʡԼãȻᵽ˵ľء
ҲǡǴѾǺܺùˣĲ˵ǰʱղǵӵĴ񣬾Զûǹƽܰ
죬ɫʱõʱˣҶĸվ˵ϸ̯ԣʲôϡģǰӣ
ӰɡҶ˵
Ҳа飬˼ǰѰɿ״Ľвӣϸľͽӡ
ðӰŨ𣬱˵Ҷ褸ϲ࣬ɤӣһھȥʮ˳
áҶĸӦһ
ϳԷʱϱһӣһ̼СˣᶹǺܲɡ
ԲԲһżʳĿɲ٣ҶĸʱصҺЩܲ㳦ʹó͵ļɫʲãʳĸǷʢ
ҲζƤܲģ㳦Դһ㣬ߴһζ쳣г
ӾǵİζһƬƵͰ͵ܲɾͺܺˣܲɵԼҧųԣɿڣ΢΢ŵζ·
Ҷ褳ԵͷҲ̧ҶĸæЩû˸Сθ
áҶļķ̫ˣһԾͣ
ˣղҽȥԸӣ㻹˵ҶĸԹ˵˾ͳԣš
Ҳڳ԰𣬳ԼͲˡ
Ҷ˵űӣպٳЩˡ
ǼҵӣһͰʱԣмļлҶ褳һд֡
ЩʱҪŲѩʱ򼸺˶ʵʵڼ
ȵһֱǰһ죬ͻȻһȫװˣڿҶҴߴΧǽĵһ¾š
ŵҶҶԶ˾飬һȥ֪ͨ峤һ׶εľº˭к£
ǽԼʮˣÿ˸ģͷ߸֮ȻػȴһԲӰ
ң̶ӵĺ֡˵
Ҷһ㶣Ӧ֮ϸ˳࣬ܿ͸Ϻţ֮ǰĺ֡
ˣҶҲɿǽ壬˭֪ûаػģ︾ڶ࣬һ¾Ǵ¡
ֱҶ˹ʱظɿ
Ҷ˽Ҷǳȥȥ֮ǰص/ؽڣСЩ
Ҷصͷ֪ˡ
ǳȥҶЦ˵ôʱˣô䣬߱ѩصģҪҲǶ
ְڰ֣̾˵ɱˣģֱģǰʱϷ˵½ǣǾȥƣ˳ЩС
Ҷ⻰ǲʣѩصģôʱٵȼůŸʺϳС
İֻشǰˣʱȥأҲû뵽궬쾹Ȼô磬ǰ겻ȸ£
·ϸǵù̶Ӿһˮַģʮ׸ߵķϮ̶ӣźХ󣬵̶ӼٺˣʮʣµĲǱ߾
˵µʱ򣬺ֵʮֻ㱣Ҳǵͷľ·Ѿһʬ⡣
ҶʱϸǣȫǳǱͷ֪жûϴճһÿ·аɫĿ
һ뺫˵Ļ
ԭŻȥǵĵͼҲʧˣҺǱĵطǴȽϽԾʹȵǴһ¡ֲ֮ǰҪ̶Ѱҵӵǻڣֻǲ֪ˮݹܷܲѿ
ҶΣָҶһᣬſǽȻȴûǽΧǽֻסԭȹæӵס
ǼӶ޽л𿻣סһʮǴ´ࡣ
Ҷ˰õùһײͼ̲ˡ
һڵȫǸˣҶĿɿڴǲǺܾûԹ
ֲҶֵܷģǿ϶԰ʳ
Ҷڰ֣˵˭ûе£ҲϡȴûܾǰæҪ
ȺúϢʣµ˵ŶˣˮǻˮҪȡˮԴ俪ıȡˮĻڻϾˡ
ҶźСԸѲߵˣҹʱעЩ߾ģʲôԣ̹֪ͨˡ
ҶԶͷ΢ģȻּ˵ĻӦģ֮ĲޣٻҪһЩ
ҶصҰ¸˵˵Ҷ˼ϵӦͺХֻûкһ֮Ϊ󣬻ԨǺҲԴָ
⺮µģĺХ磿磬ǿѹ仯ίʵЩˡ
ת룬ʲôһᷢأ߽üһ·ǰҲǲֵġ
ģ̶ҲǵùҺµѩСٴЩƶ߲Ǵ塣Ҷ˵
Ҷ褵ͷɲǣҹȥ
һҹƽ˾ڶһҶʱ͸ŸͷĴȥһˡ
־ȻǵЦкӴҶСֵˡ
˵ӶͳһС֮ǰѰӣֻˮҲ֪ܷܲѿԿŶֲͬӣֱ֦ͷ͸ᣬϷĹӡ
ЩӶ˺ˮǺֳô䣬治һܳɹѿ㷢ѿˣҲһֻҶô룬ֽӹûɶ£Կɡ
ͷЩϲûʳʱͷ֮ԵʳԣҲͷͷҪֳҲǼ¡
ʱͻȻ߽ˣÿ˶裬ֽ͵˼׸ɾѹ֮ǰϴľ׼óȥϴˡ
Ҷ褶һͿЩѾɺԵİɫۼ߹ȥָϴ˴꣬һ£Ӧɹɵΰ͡
ǳµĵطǴԶ𣿡Ҷʡ
شǲԶ·ԼĪҪʱ䡣
ЩƵ˵Ҳ˹ˣأûƫƫһξˣѲ󻹻ţ
Ҷ褵֪һЩˮû½ȻҲȫܣҪǰЩĸµϱѩڻɼˮ뺣Упܷƽġ
ҪǷˣҲûʲô취ȱô࣬µӹòҪ
Ҷ褴뿪֮ıּӦû˵ѣȷʵͺХ


101 ʯ
ӺһСӱҶˮ, ľ֦ӣռһˮ
Щ붼ڴӵůҹͣŻ, ¶Ȼûкܸ, Ҳ, 㹻ӷѿ
ʣµǱҶ°ãɹɺŵؽҲ֪ܷܲѿ֮԰ɡ
⼸Ҷÿ춼ȥһů, һûзѿżỻһˮȻźǣȥˣЩӶûѿ, ζ, Ҷ褼ֻ̾һˮȫ
ҶӵǰҲһִۣ˴Ƥ, Ȼ˵û, ¶̫, 㲻ǻЩůӦþˡ
ǾٵһʱɡҶѾʲôϣ
ɾ֣ڴΣ
У˺ЩæһǰĽͲѾͺˣǾͰŸЩҶ˵
˵ҲǼԶ£Ǽ׽͹Ƶ÷һ, Ƿ, ԽйȡҺˡ
ҽҪºܼ, ֻҪ˺õҺŽϼʱټǺʹɫɡ
Ľ͸֮ǰûʲôɫ󣬳͸ҡεʱҲǣ˵ʱ΢һЩĲ˱硣
ҶԵͷҪ뽴ͷ͵úҪʮ˸µʱ䣬ǿǵòŵ⼸޽͡
ѩбʱزȥҶ˵
ǰҶӦ
Щпʵڲ㣬ֻһӰ˵׼иҵ·
ʮ˾ʣʮҲ֪ȥ֮ν
ν
ֵҶ褼ҺȾƵʱ¶еԴ˩أһ̶֣ÿֵҲһٶˣһξ͵ûһˡ
ȻմͬʱҲֻҪһ̻ȥϢꡣ
̶̾ӵϴҲ˷𡣡
Ҷȥһδ
ɥһԸʮʯʮƥÿָʳʯʮƥһһܹڵĻֻش
Ҷ㣬ĸУ˵ر࣬㹻Ƕɹѵʱ
ҶиʣǱֵ߲𣿡ֵغαҪôΣյĻ
ֲ賤ǰһصڶͱռסûնûãûܱ߾ͳӲݣѹӵռ䣬ӸѿջʳԽԽ١
˶ȥֻõһɣ˱̶ºΣգԸ˿ɲأҺڣϼǮҲû¡
ֵĻҶЩпǮֵʱʵѾµǮˣ
Ŷ˵ǱҲǾһ½˳ǣͽгԳǣ̶ӵϴǺĵһ¾ңõһֶصľʯ
˵žʹӶͳġ
Ҷ褺ȥֻһɫ͸ľʯеǰˮںֵԡ
ְɫģзɫͻɫģصһɫģһ˶òȻˣھʯ֮£һֽӽʯͷʵصģһƽֱȽ϶ࡣֽ͵Ļˣͷֻһ
ǲαңҶ褴ӹǿˮ˿ˮֻĴָͷôӦصشĥֳԲ״м߱
¿ֿ֮ʼϸһſˮȻʣˮڲ״ʺͶƣƷ಻ãҵǴ´ࡣ
£ֻǳľʯֻﻰⶼǶǳΣҶЩλǸʲôˡ
ˮǿΰѿסˡ
ҿʵҲ˳ǵĳΡְѰˮСŻضȻ²˵ǽǽڳǽǽڳǽ֮ǣڳǽ֮ھڳǡ
ôһ˵Ҷ褱һ
㽨𣿡
⻰һҶ褾֪Լ˸⣬ٸûˣǻԼ˵㡣
ȻЦ˵û͢ˣ˵㡣
ٿһ¡һۡ
УҲɶ¡һʣµľƣҲͦˣҸûȥˡ
֮Ҷ褳˼ΣԺĽǵĽмĶ
ҶҲһֱû˵ӣͬڿ¡
ԳǡǡҶ˵߳ǲҲ㣿
ҶͷҽӦþǾ߳ǵĳ
Ҷ˵Ҿúֵֵǿǡ
ͷԸһ¡ҶҲÿԡ
Ҷ˯ʱŵȵãȥһǣǣǸʲô³̡

ⳡѩһֱµ꣬ʮҶĸƿͬһɵѩ
ϴ˵ϽʰʰһѸֺʹϣ֮Ǿ͵ûլ
⼸궼ǸǼһѾϰߡ
ҶϴɾӦһӹͳСĴָһСȣȻĨϣɶ֬ۺ͵Ĺ֭ģȻ壬ζģѵЧҲܺá
ҶĸŸʱ䣬ԼʼʰһװģֻɱõļѼǰʱֵû⣬ɹɵȵȡ
ΪֵǼҳʳģЩȫլ
ҶʱЯһִӺﵹһȲ裬ˣ̫һꡣ
Ҷĸ԰һۣԣ㳦ǰ͹ȥĵرϲԣͳˣЩŮģɲǵһЩ
ǵЩ㳦һ͹ȥ֮󣬼ʣľͲˣҪʱԣʱ̯һʵǳԵͣ졣
Ҷĸ˵˵žˡ
ҶЦ˵úúãһͷȥƴﻹûеĻٻһЩ
öӣǳԵþʣСޣƹûˡҶĸʰ߶
Ҳ棬ʱʱͷӦһ
ֱѩĹʱҶĸδر졣
úáҶĸݸҶȻ·䣬ʵЩ
Ҷһ˺ܿ͵ҶլʱҶſڵˣһҶ褺磬ܡ
ҶɩЩȻҶҶĸ˵⺢Ҳ֪ͻȻʲô磬ġ
Ҷĸڰ֣ðҾ뱦ѧѧ
ʱˣǸϽշɣҪϲҹ
С
Ҷɩӹۣ漴ȵզôණһٷԲɡ
ЩǸģ㳦űƵϲԡҶĸش
Ҷɩ⻰æ㳦ĿпζãҶϲԣż㳦һоһòˡ
ҲǣҰպģӻϲպݮģ㳦õİͷ𡣡ҶɩҲ뻰⡣
ҪϲһҰ㳦Ĳ̸㣬ʵҲ򵥣ҪõɱʱС

ʱ沼ԽԽСΪѾ


102 
Ҷ褺类Ҷ
ҿ, ׼͸ΣҶ²شӹͳһĥù⻬ľ
ģһͷЩ⣬һͷһ䷱
Ҷ褽ӹϸ, õӦľ, ɫƫ, ȻֲЩܿߵģΪһľ̶ûУҴ, ӦͿһ͡
ǵ̵Ҳ֪ϰٴΡ
Ҷ˵⻹ȥСüλܽҵģ˺Щľģôһɹġ
Ҷ褰ľݻȥҾͦõ, ϲ
ǰ, ϲȻһҶ̵ؽľŻغҶۼ, ﻹһ, ɵ͵Цһ, ǿˡ
ɩ״ôҶЦֹ֮ĵ
֮ǰʱɩȻ״̬ãѾı䣬ٲţǼ⣬̬Ҳࡣ
Ҷشͦõ, ӻʹɩĹϵ»ָ˴ǰ, Ҳɴɩš
ͺáҶ˿
ִһ, ųȥæ
Ҷĸǳ˵æ
ҶĻ߹ȥϴˣЩ˶ڻϷŵ߹ժģаײҶӡҶӡо²˺
ǽʲôҶ϶ͣͬʱ
ҶĸƤϴɾ׼ʳʮȫʮ塣
˷ֱСĢѼӡŹǹӡһˬպˣˮĻƹϰײҶӷڿպŴ󶹽Ծͺζˡ
ţǰҶ褼ʣµţģǰЩͼһݳġ
ʳ׷;²˼ڵĽӡ
˵˱ǣҶϲ²˼ڵĽӣ²˲Ÿհ۵ģһҧ֭ˮΣԴζֻҪպϴҶ褾ܳһӵĽӡ
ҶӳŹǳԵýζò׿һʽ漴пҧҧǺóԡ
ҶɩˣСƵġ
ҶͷҶ̫Ķֵ۾ˣҶɩĻҶ̫æ˵ԸҿԷЩԾͳ¡
ⲻ׼ĸ𡣡Ҷɩɿˣ԰ɳ԰ɣϽԡ
ҶҲӶ˵óԾͼԣ߳Ա˵ĸϲˣ˵ҳԷܶ뷹
˵⻰ҶȴŵģҶ˸ν߳жһ㶼٣ҶԼҲӽһװˣվӲҪһͷ߾ˣҶӻ׳쵹ǻãƤˣˣȻһɹ֮ǿž͸ƵģҪǳƵӢҶ滳ܲܿ
ԷʱҲ㣬˵ʳҶ褶Էܶڡ
Ҷɩֱûۿֱƿۣתҡĺӣ쵹ǹɣ˯ú𡣡
˵ղι̣ýһ˯߰˸ʱ
ҶĸӻСһʮʱʮʱ˯
ɲզأӻҲǡҶɩ˵ǲ֪Сʱƫƫ˯ҹѣҹߵģҺ˯˯ãѾˣǿְӻҲѣιڶ֪զġ
Ҷĸɴ˱һߵǳŹѼ׾ƶ˳أʱʱȭ
Եʣһ㣬ͷβҹǳˡ
ɲҹҶһҹסլǴһҲҶ褵
ӹסǻסԭ
ҹҶڿϰ춼û˯ţ̾ŵת
ôˣ˯𣿡ںڰһ
ҶСشңϲúǱ裬֪˯ˣûס
ǱƵѹ裬ɽѽնҶģζرã֪ʧߣûסֱӺһ󱭣ھٱһ۾ԺȫӰ˵ͷ
ǲǳˣҶǸ˵Ҫҵβȥ˯ɡ
ĸ첲˵ûңҲ˯ţһˡ
˵Ҷ褿лҪ˵ϸϸǣϷгԳǣҾҽڵľ߳ҲԳΪĳǳء
ҸͬġҾ˼ٹ̣һҲֻǴѹҽϻпܻṰΪʡ
Сѧ徭ȻҶ褵׹漴ź˵ԭˡ
룬ھ߳Уҽ޳֮Ҳг֮ʵˡ
ʱ˵Ҳһ߳٣ǵı䣬ʣµŵ߳ǵˣҸ׶һһͬʣڳĸߡ
Խ˵ҶԽ棬ȥ߳ǿˡ
ůˣҴȥ߳ǡŵ
áҶ褵ͷ
һᣬҶͷͷ磬˵Ѿɻˣҽû˵ʲô𣿡
絭ʲô˵ġ
ҶҲûʣ˯⣬ţҶ褾ͱ۾˯ˡ
ڶһ磬һҶ褳Թͺ켦õȫˡ
Ҷĸ״Цŵ٩ǣҾûѣʱյľ㹻һꡣ
ȻˣӹʱҶһҲǰʱҶӵǾ˹ӺһƸȴǴ´ࡣ
Ҷɩ˵Ը⣬Ѵ궼ɸɾģӸ˵ˣһ궼òӣֻĨ
ҶԼִ̧ͷǻΪңԼӲȱĨ
ǡҶɩû˵Ͻȥɡ
ⷬԻ˷׷Ц
Ц֮ҶһҾ׼ȥˣҶǰһؼңȥǰѵůʱû
Ҷ褸ƿţͷű߳һ⣬˳ȥԭڷˣڱϣ˸⡣
ˡ˵
ǰµͻȻҶ褾ЩϰߣֻҪůڵϣ˲оȫ¶˹
ˣҲʱ뿪ˡ
лҶֱֵܵȭлпվһǳԳǣܾһµ֮ꡣ
һһҶȭǾףһ·˳硣
ˣȥɡֻ˵
ҶĿͺһԶȥֱӰʱתȥ
ʱҶźרŸĵͼϸ鿴һҶҴ嵽ߵ·ͼȻԣеĶУ·Ӧܹ˳ҵĿĵء
֮ŵϻϻһѾŵͼȲòõϣ϶У˵׼պҪȥأеͼܱԼҪá
л˵
æֻ͵֣һ


103 ɽ
·ֻ꼻һһ, ҶĸŸհѻõϴɹϣϾƮڴѩŵϺһѩ, Ҷⵣ·ϵĺһˡ
ݵҲû, ͱҶĸѵˡ
Ҷĸųʪ, ̾˵ϴˣԭɹɡ
û£ڻϿҲܸɡǻѬѴһζ
ҲֻˡҶĸٴ̾վѰչڼ, Ż𣬺ܿð񷿶Ƶġ
ʱҶ褱ǺҶĸ״æ˵ȥѬѣȥ񼸸緹ԡ
һͿʼѬ, ȷʵû緹, Ҷ褾ûƴǣ֮󣬾ðѩȥ, ľóôĺ¡
ȼ̺ҶҨһưˮ, Ÿϸ, ˮʱ䣬ߵſǰõóһ֡
Ϊ൱һȻ䣬ԺӵոװĶõķʳнӡӡ⽺кõһϾͻѡһ緹
Ҷ褾, , Ϻ㹽, õʱäõģܳԵʲôھͿԵ֡
һʮ⽣ҶĸҶ褸ʮʣʮҶģټһһ϶ܳԱ
һС󻯿СˮƯʱʹѾˣҶ齫⽶̳С⽱ñƤ΢΢͸ڶ͸˳
⽺ͺ˵֮Ҷ褾кԷ
ϺڵСﻹгĺ֪ܲΪҶ褳Եʱܳζ룬Ϊܲ䶳̫ˮζһּڵнȽϲ񣬵ݷ㹽պֲȱ㣬⽵ζ쳣гڵľƽƽĺóԣֲ⽵˶ڵĺóԡ
ãʳ߶ü¶ỵҶĸ߳Ա˵
Ҳ̫ܶãζͱˡҶ˵ͺһŨȻŴлˣǸоζЩϵЩҨ
͵ζ׺γ嵭ԵûôˣҶһ˰˲份θڣͣ³⽣ϿʼƤȿƵģ̵ģһ㶼壬ֻ㡣
ϳһ⽣һ춼ůġҶĸ˵
Ҷͷɲǣֺóַ㡣
극Ĺ仰ǾͿʼʰ꣬ʱҶ褽ӹҶĸĶ˵ȥѬѣҺ͵ϴ
ҶĸֱǾͽˣǵˮϴˮϴ͡
⻰ҶЩп÷ˣصһ䡣
տĹˮ΢֮ϴˣЩǷ۾УΪ붼࣬Ҳֻһ㣬ûγա
Ҷϴһ룬תͷ˵ϴˣȥ屭֮ǰ´򿪵ҩ衣
ҩ跽ĸݡ顢ͺ棬ټ䣬õҩּ˽ƬҩеɬʹЧܺá
ҶĸʹҶ֮еģѲ˴˺ӶܣôЩϸ壬ЧҲٶӺˣ֫ᡣ
áҶϴɾ־ȥˡ
úҶĸűСĵسһڣȻϲôе𣿡
ҶЦ˵ʹС´۸ҩ費ͻʱЩۡ
Ҷĸĸ첲
ҶĸںҩʱͻȻˡ¡¡ͬʱ濪ʼ΢Ļζ
ĶʱһҶձŵˣҺñӼӲʱõġ
ǷʲôҶĸ
ȥɡҶ褰ձϡ
ǸճȥҶ褾ƼԶƯһĻҺɫʱӣͬʱġ¡ȫ˶˳
˾ŵʣôˣ
Ѳ췣͵˾Ȼ¿ʼ졣
ﻹү
ҶüͷҶһȥ˴¥¥ڸߴȥһ۾Ϳǧһɽйҽ緢ɫҽȾɺɫյͨʯҽлһ켣Ȼڵϣҳһһӣ¡쳳˶
ɽѾƮǴǺ˲ͣԡ
ⷬƾ춯ء
ɽ緢ˡҶ̿˵ڴţüߴߣҼǵøһʯͷɽ͵ȥ
Ȼ緢ĻɽԶҶ褼ǵҽ緢ǧ֮⣬ǴӻΧ֮ڡ
ҶĻ֮ʶûʣֱӴҶȥ֪ͨˣܿʹĵͬʱ׳˻ߵĺڴڼϣһȥʯͷɽϡ
ҶûȫĻң˺İײסڱǣȻȥҶĸ硣
Ҫˣʹ̸Ǿ㹻Ķ
Ѿܿⳡɽ᲻ᲨǴӣûвʱɻҲҪҪǲ˾û취ǵҪʼˣ֮ܲ죬ʱЩҲҪġ
ҶӦû£ϾҲǳ˷緢ӵǸʵģǴ嶥Ǳʯһ뿪ҲֻԷһ
Ҷĸ̵ͷӦá
ѼʣͶˮʳϣЩǻʱúúõġ
֮ؽĶûֻЩɣгзС
ֱҶ褺缸˱ţȫİٶ˾ڴڼˡ
Ҷʱü󣬸Ͻϻȥûҡ
ҶҲüȺĿУѼĸ¸½лһñӵĻøӻˣһҶĻ
ЩѼǺŲҶҴ˴ģҴʹЩˣҶôȰҶ褳ͷ˵ֻҪѼ㹻ԵϼɣϳҲͻˡ
ȿĵȰ꣬ҶɤӶðˣšˮҺһڣٿڵʱаð
ǡ
ɽ·С˺Լߣʵ緢ǲ֮ǰȥɽĻɽ
Ҷҡҡͷǣ뾰ɽԶء
ͬһɽ
СЩҵ˵ҺǴˣҪɽҲɽȫ嶼
Ҷ褻ع˵ɽǴҲܽһ緢϶ᲨӦһɽ
ʱҶĸ˵ˣȱ˵ˣĺۡ
Ļһ˱㰲׷׼ӿнٶȡ
ʯͷɽǴӸȽϸߵһɽɽֲȫʯͷ飬ƽʱû¶ûҰûв̵ģ֮Ӧɽڻɽʱᰲȫ٣ٲΪҶɽ
ѩɽ·ίʵߣҶžͽŵһˤڵϣҶĸұ磬nengһ¡
ɽﶼۣΨɽϼɽѵһװȫˡ
ҶĸŶլǱߵ˻ͣҶ褳ʰʱĸ첲ȥɽһ͹Ĵƽ̨վ¿ʱпָ֢˿»һһѣΡ
ʱɽҶҶҼѾˣĿԶ
Ҷ˳ǵȥֻɽγɵֱƬնȾɻҺɫǸԶԶĺҽ
һʮǺ˵ζҶɴ뵽ɽܹвͷȰѿָ
ɽһɺصĻȾͬʱȾļ÷β
Ҷص˵Ҳ֪á
Ҷ褲֪Ҫλش𣬻ɽпܳСʱ¡ꡣ
Żɽҵѩ£ϵʱܸоոУҶֻðѶñѩ
ˣȻȥɡҶ˵һ·緹ûԣҶòˡ
һֱҲûʲôãȹõ¡Ҷļ磬ȴƽ̨ȥ
Ѹ첲ݸҶ褣ܹ
߰ɡ
ǻصɽʱҶ̫ѾŶϱʰˣɽ󣬶رߣͬʱҲԵ쳣տС˵ܷ
ɽԳʪǻͺ˲٣Ҷºܸо紵ɽǷյġ
𣿡Ҷʡ
ӦûеġҶĸ֮󣬺֯˽ȥһˣ˵յʲôûС
ǾͺáҶ褴սѣַڻůů
ҶĸһտõСݸһپ緹ˣ㽫ͳԳԡ
ֲеĳԾͲˡҶ褰ѿù̵룬ӼɼнȥɺȣŴ΢ɴһԵζӾвθС
Ҷ褳һ⣬ſڵɽ죬û£Ϳ˻شˣǻȥιιЩʳ
áΧĴ˵Ļ׷Ӧһ


104 
¶ʱűԽĵ, ϵʱѾ˶ʼɪɪĳ̶ȡ
ҶĸѵڵϣȻչ̸Ǿ, кҶ褵ůů
Ҷ褸ȥ, ͻȻһ, ѭȥΪڵҹɫʲôûֻ
һ˵Ҵ, ΪʲôҪסɽӲǺúõô죬ǲԸˣ˭ٴ˭ɵӣǾȻһëûëͷСĻ, һȺɵӣ
Ҷû˵˭, Ҷ̫ϱȴǹƾϳˡ
ҶɩƲ˵ⲻǸ𣿡
Ҷɩ͵ɲǣһӸǴ͵˺Щˣڶûֵ, ܾΪԭ, ܿǼ, Ҽǵ֮ǰһӻС´ҩأʹŮ˵ЩŮʵʵڼѧߣͷ¶ģպ϶ûҪ֮ġ
ҵʱһ, ˾ǸӲ, һͲ˵л
Ҷ褵˵ӵ, ǴҶģҲʲôû
֮ǰ˵ҶҴǲŮҪѧģֻҪ꼴ɣȻȴŮѧƾҶͯϱôȰ
˵ŮɣҲǣŮһͬʣǲǽѧ˵ŰɣҶҴѧҪĻѲ࣬ÿ˼Ҷͳ
һֱҶ褶֪ͬԭ
ⲻҪҪָɣһˡ
ҶϸܿС˵ˣˣ㻹Ͻȥ
һӦþС˿еĹ磬ˣǵļļѼҪðǻȥɡ
Ļ˶üͷȫҶôġ
ʱҶҶͻȻߵ˭Ҳôģ˭ش壿
һֻԼĻô󵨣϶бˡ
ȻҶ⻰һͰ˶סˣɰΣӲ˵ˣֻǵļ
ΪҲ֪𣿡
ҶʱʮˣټƶĻ˵ĵ
˵Ǽûɶõ뷨ǲ״û£ΪɶҪסɽ
֮ҶһɨڸһЩ˶ص۲ģǴĲȶء
ǣӾͱ򸴳һ£źۼؿȥͿҡҡͷ
˼ǲҪֹǡ
ҶʱҲˣ˵ȻҪȥͻȥɣֻǴţ򶼱տҲֻԼҵļѼ
ھǲҪСֽţһִʧǲǵԭ򣬶Ὣͷϡ
˵ⷬҶ۽Ϳ۾̾˰
ô˵ͺˣĥĥģ˭˯ɽ˭ɵӣߣϽʰؼҡӳһԼӵĸ첲Ȳ˵컹û͸ɽһ˷ʱ䡣
ҽȥʰʱǺߵ˼Ҳ½½ѡ뿪ɽϣǺŲҶҴˡ
ҶûסһǳˮҪȥȡȥ´ľ
ʱ֪ɽ᲻ˮԴȾҪˣ׵ľǱ¶ڵˮԴ֧ˮȾķգֻ˵һЩ
Ҷ褲֪ǻ᲻ĻǸѾˣܷʲô
ɽ°ʱҶļ磬С˵ȻȰסǣԼȥ׻˵úãȰ
Ҷͷ߰ɣȽȥϢ
ҶڵɽȫҶҴԭĴ񣬾ôЩ꣬Ƕŷ峤û˸뿪Ҷͯϱ˵ȺǲȰѵǻܺǲɣ
˷׷ͬ˵ðǼ֪᲻
ҶԻص±㽻ǣʱˣǸϽʰʰ˯ҹҹȫ治õġ
˱߱Թ뿪ȺˣԼ˯ĵطߡ
Ҷɽ̸ǾŵײȺˮңȻһ͹Աߣ˵治һǼ£ЩĲȶأܱٵͷͻȻҪá
ҴҴǣȷʵˣպԶע⡣
Ҷ̾˵Ҳȷɽ緢᲻Ӱ쵽Ǵӣֻ˵ϣɡ
Żɽ緢ķӦǾǣŶˣǱܵӰӦ󡣡
ɽк壬ƽһ𣬺пܻγ꣬иʴԣһ£ͻغͽɺص𺦡
һǽҪԵľǹͺͺغӵĻʳϾ״
һֱϸҶ褿ӣԼ˵˵Ŷ˵Цˣˣ˵ˣ˵Ще졣
ϲ˵
Ҷ褰ճȭһϲҲ˵ˣ춼˵ˡ
ȹһˮرһҹΡ
ڶһҶʱɽģֻмճ
ϼŹյˮǴӴӴģպúÿ˹һ㹻ֵϡ
Ҷϴסڱǳȥһֻۣģɫѹرͣһַĸо
ҪˡҶĸѿõ۰׵ݸҶ褡
ǰҶ褳԰׵ʱ룬һˣǲɱһ¡
Ϊİ׶˵˼
Ҷ褵ĵڰʱˣлϸСѩ߻һڵϣѩҳСӡ
ӴɽҶѹͷеۣŶҶҳ
ҶЩǣݶ᲻ᱻҳӣ
ҶĸοǼݶι̣ûµġ
ҷӺʹＯ彨Ǻ󽨵ģȽ˵̣ЩľͷķӾͲһˣпܻ̮ᷢǽʱĵЩˡ
оǴҶֻңǵܶﶼ޽ʮּ̡
굽Ѿû˸ٳȥɽŻȡů
Ҳ֪ⳡʲôʱͣҶ˵
µʱӦòáҶ褰Ѻ룬һָ֮󣬻شҲͣˣ㲻ͣҲͨꡣ
ûлȾֻɽĶ͵ⳡǳ˶õġ
Ǿͺá仰Ҷ΢ķһЩ
ɽˮڵϣγһһĻˮˮִӵͰĵطȥ
ડડ
Ҷ褶ȫˮµ⵼һֱû˯ţòװҹΪ̫ƣ룬۾˯ߵ״ֱ̬ϵĺˡ
ŵһ㶣۾ɽȥǴӴﴫġ
ɽ½ȼѣ˶ˣʱѯڶôˣ
û֪ʲô
һ£ҶΪǾҲ˯ˣü⿴
ŵʱ򲻹ζûشһˣȥļʮҲ֪ΣҼݺͼ״ҲֵǵǣǷʳϲ֪ûгԡ
ЩȣĲ˵ضСˡ
һжҶһȻ껹ûͣµѾˣͨ꣬ûոС
Ҷ褳Թʹºȥһɽƽ̨ԶԶȥ緢ĻɽѾƽϢˣҪû⣬Ӧòٴ緢
Ȼȥ̽̽·ҪѾûˣǾܰȥˡҶ褻صɽ֮Ҷ˵
СҶҶңȥһˡ
ҶӦһ
ǸվɽſھңңһȺˮ
Ⱥ˾֮ǰԼشĴҶҸôˣͿ˵Ҷǰ½ǿ޺ǿȥˣȾҶӡ
ôˣҶƵʡ
վһߵĴ⻰׷׵ͷβ˵Ҳ֪ΪмͻȻˣ涼סˡ
ںǺû峤ĻʵʵɽţڴﵣµģرڼӵһҹŴҲٴԼҲڷ£Ҫ֪ЩѾڷµ˿Ѿ׶༪ˡ
ҶҶҼһۣҶϵϽ˻ش塣
Ҷ褺ҲŻȥˣҶڿΧǽһɲǾ˿Ϊµʱ䲻Լ̵ǽûбҳӣ̵š
ȻǽȴмˣҶ褵￴˿ܿ͵ó˽ۣӦǽ칤յԭǴΧǽطҪһЩ
ΧǽûϵֻҪؽС
Ľ඼ЩڽӲĵ˼ҵķӣЩ˶ǴӴһˮשķӹȻʱ䳤۴󣬵ǽ֮㹻̣һꡣ
ҶʵҲЩˣôȣ̫õķҲûãϾ˭Ҳ벻ᷢ


105 
Ҷʼ֯׳ð, Ҷ褹ȥʱǼӵ״΢΢˿Ž, Щ, ݶҲש, Ҷ褼שˮ໹вģǷѹϣܱס, תһ룬Ǽҷ˵㣬Ҳ⼸һ׵
ȻҶЩµͬʱϵĶҲûͣڿˮϳש, ܿͰѹ˾˳, ȳһ̧һ̧ȣЩ˴ʰ, ɺ´ǿʼΡ
Ҷ褶ȫǿ޺, ΢΢ü, ӣͻȻʵȻ˶ѹ£ΪΨһû£
ʻذһ˲޺Ӷ
ҡҵʱߡµ˵
ô껹ߴš
Ҷ褿һۣϿ, , ߸ʲô, ϶ʲô¡

Ҷתͷֻ΢΢ͷջߣɵӦûɹ
ʱ´Ѿȫ߶ˣҶ褴ǵĻ֪ѹڵµһʮˣˣˣ˵ֻҪ˿ںúϢɣ˵ܵ˲һ㣬еǱҵȣеǷӵʱײͷǺôЩ޲ߡ
ԴϵĲ֢ΣʵҲ޴롣
Ҷ˵ɡ
Ϊĺ´ͷԵ
ճص߳Ҷ褳̾Ҳ֪Щ˾Ȳȵû
ܿ͸С˵ǻڴӵţȦ
Ҷ褵ͷ֪ˣ鷳ˡ
ԺһЦͷ˵ɶ鷳С£ȥɽˣٽҡ
СЩ겻ߡҶĿͺ뿪Ȼһֱڱϵ˵Ҳ߰ɡ
áӦһ
ǻҶңźҶĴ쿴תһȦЩңҺõʱ뿪ǰʯˮסˣⳡû䵽ˮպˮӦû⡣
кԺһС˵أһͲȻͲͣѾ긯ʴ˺üҶƿ˿˵ĲѾܵ÷裬Ҷӻ΢΢ơ
ЩܳˡҶ̾˵
ȻĲ˵ֻŴ⣬۵òС
ͬʱϵµԽˣҶ̧ͷ˿ʱмһ磬Χ˼֣·һƵġ
µġҶĨоԼȫʪ͸ˣЩ䡣
סļ磬ǿӲϢȥɽ֪ͨǡ
áҶҲûǿҪ겡ˣǱǵòʧ
ﵹǻã뿪֮ǰûɶ仯Ҷ褻˼ˬѾȥˮˡ
սӾˮɣҲûζ֤뷨ûˮ˵ˮܵȾء
պõˮ΢ϣҶͰ䵹ʳǰ˵ûȻҲ֪ģһ붼ġ
Ҷ褼״ЩǣѲ©ˣҹ鶼ûҵ©ĵطֻʱٵ뿪
ֵҵǵؽûнˮ޽ʱڷˮһʮע⣬˵ؽѿԳƵҶƵĵһ
ҶĸʱǱæ˵ҸˮϽȥϴϴ
Ҷ褿ЦҸջĸѡ
û£ٻһϴҸƬԣó緹Ҷĸ˵æµ
ҶſʱԡͰѾװ˰ͰˮֻҪٶˮһ¶Ⱦˡ
ȫˮڵˮûǣʱҶ褿Ͱϡ
ݵҶͷЩˣʵʵԡͰµ˨ӡϴˮʹĹܵȥˡ
Ҷĸѳ˵ȷԷ㶼ûԺãúúòһ¡
ϷһƬҶ֮Ҷĸ͸ʢһ룬ţ裬г˿İײˣ롣
ԵĶǸɵģ˺ȵƬʱҶ褵۾֭쳣ԭЩͣȱˮ£ȴոպãټ϶õţˬƬٷԵʵһܡ
мûӡҶĸֵ
ļ֮ǰĻ̫һǳʵľһֻŴлЩڣź㣬ζҲضãҶ褾еǴͱ
һֱ극ҶûҶĸԲˣʣµķǺãʹߴҶ褻˯
ʱʵѾյůůˣҶ褽ŵײȵĵذשҲ¶ȡ
ҶϴݺɵϣǷӰ˵£ϣⳡµþһ㣬Ϊᵼȳ꣬Ӱ쵽δũΪҪˮϴᣬҪһˢ£ֱӽ⣬̫ġ
ţҶ褾ͱ۾Լ֪Լʲôʱ˯ŵġ
ֻ֪ٴ֪ʱɫѾﰵһ㶼壬Ҷֱ͵Ƶ˹Խԡ
߳ȥŷ˯ǰԸȴǳˣߴעһƬĻשϣĵδ
û𣿡ֻҶĸһˡ
ˣ˯ءҶĸæŷҶ˵Ŀ֣쵽һչŵҶǰ˵Ŀô𣿡
Ҷ褽ӹһۣʵѾ˿ֵĳΣֻ˹˲㣬˵ǼҺ̿鲼ٽƵϡ
̿ϵĸɽ񾭸ճģЧ˵к塣
ҶĸͷС
Ҷ褴﷭֮ǰպõ̿ɿ״װ鲼ƳɵĲϸĵĽߦƽ
ˣͲˡҶĸһ֣ƽƽ棬еªЧС
ҶһĿʱֻá֨ѽһűƿˣҶŲ߳
һ˯泤Ҷ˵
һʱˣܲ𡣡ҶĸƳһۣȻ˵УȻүˣҾȥȷˡ
Ҷĸ뿪Ҷ褲Ǽλ˵״Σ
Ҷ԰ַЩͳػش𣺡˵Ķû£˵ûȻһ˵࣬еҩĶãһײͷ´޲ߡ
ǡҶĬȻΡ
Ҷʱ˵֮ԻΪײͷǸΪһֱڿֵ֣üλ򶼱֮
ԭҶЩп룬ҪشǣµҲǣ治֪ˡ
ۿɼĲã´ǶˣȴҲûܴнȻҶȿˮ˵ǸҲǴԭĴֻϣܾȻ
ҶҲ̾Ȼп޳
ЩصĻ⣬ҶϷһĿϡ˵Ҫδ
Ҷ˵⣬ֱҵϾͿˡ
Ҷ˵ÿ֣漴ʣװʲôζе֡
װ̿ýζе֡Ҷ褽ӹֺ룬ҪɹɵıװȥԴζ
ԵСڵİӣƤڴڳ࿪θƤ֭֮ʮӵױ΢ִġ
극Ҷ褼֣ǵöһЩԤǵġ
Ҷĸ߻ٶίʵ죬һʱ䣬ĸֶˡ
Ҷ褸һֹȥԣҪûĻöϡ
Ѿŵﵽֵζ
ѿִ֮Ҷ褿һۣʲôпֶ޷ӡֵֻ¶۾ϵĲλ۾Ĵڸǿ˫۾һֱһ˵ʱ򣬺׸ԱŵĴ
ֱʱҶ褲ŻȻ֣ԭѾԭǸˣԱ塣
ҶһֱҲҶ褶ţĿԡ
΢Ҷ褲תͷҺʱͻȻһôջߣ첽ߵſڣȥֻưôվһȺˣ϶ЩϤҶšüϸ
ЩӹҽҶӵѹˡ˵ˡ
ӵ˼Ǻ´
Ҷ褸ȥͱסˣȰ´ϣٴҡ
ȥʱӵԽԽҲ֪ʲôײͷȲˣûģΪɶֻҶûȻ
´μˣΪȻǾľģֻʵ˵̫ء
ܺ´ôͣӾǲһֱظǼ仰
ǸϹҶ˵ҪôȥʹӴ뿪Ǵݲ𡣡
ڱϿֵ˷׷׸͵ǣԼȰҪش壬ƫƫϺ´ĵ
ɲǣҪ˵͸ðǸϳˣЩ峤Ȱˡ
⻰һʱһ°û˵
ҡҡ
Ҷ˵ˣû¾͸Ͻȥô궼ߴŸ
Χ˷׷ɢ
Ҳϱקקˣϱ֮໹ԩɽŶãƫƫҪڴش壬Ҫû£ĻڵĲ¡


106 
ߵһֱûͣ, ûͣµԽĴˣ, һɿľ
ҶҶĸʱľǳ, ΪҶ, մ͸оԼ״̬е㲻ԣȫʼʼȷ̡
⡹һ£һ㶼û, ȥ
ҺЩȡôһСĹҶ褵ȫպˣ˫һֱ쵽Ӹ
Ҷĸӣ̷Ļ, ָͷ, ΢ƸҶ褴˿˿⡣
Ȼˡšü˵ɴϣȥҩ
ߴҶ褻ݣҶĸܵҶ, Ըȥһ³´, , ¶Ȳͣҩп֢ܲ
ãȥˡҶӦһ
ҶĸĿܳȥȻϽгƬһ, ػǰٷ붨ĺǡ
Ҷ褺ȵʱƬѾ˳, ټϷ˺, ζУͷðһ㱡ĺҶĸ״ҵܳͺá
ҶҴҴǣ˯ȥˮҡ
ȻҶûȵѾ˹½ξУ˳´ʱֽš
ջ˵Ƿ纮ȣ̫䣬ټôãȫв˶˷纮صģʱҩɡҪҹһֱûǵˮ
ҩģ´׼ˣùȻҩİֽ
̫ʪˣҩԶ˱仯ֶ̾ˮ壬һ١
Ҷѳ´ͳţ߱ʣʱﲡ˶𣿡
´ҩش𣺡࣬Щһżз纮ҲЩ˺ˮһֱʹС
Ҷ̾鷳Ǽλˡ
˵鷳Ǹġ´϶˵͵ɡ
ã·ˮӣСЩ
ҶŻ֮ͿʼҶĸҩҩζ𽥴
ǵ¼ҩɣ̫ơҶĸ˵¯Ӻչȥ
ԼС߳ȥ
˶߾ǼһֿҩζҶĸȷ˵ֻƵҲ֪ʲôʱƽ
ʱ״࣬ҲعġҶ͸˸ףǴĳʡŵԹƻܳҡ
ȻʡųԵĳԷһֻһٷһֻԵ뱥浽˵£ܻȥΨһ׷ˡ
ҶĸҲ˵ֻҪܻͺá
ڿδǡҶʱЩҪǲպ»˶ѧҪǴ᲻زõģϾˣû
ǡҶĸȵֶ˶٣˼λҶ˸⣬ҼǵЩ˼ҶǻûֵصģǲǻûͨͶƱ
Ҷͷż˵ȻûͨǲֱӳǷֵصʱ䡣
һȺָӡ
⵹Ǹ⣬Ҷȵ˵û뵽˰ôˡ
Ҷĸ⻰Ͱһۣôǲǣ
Уⲻһʱ𡣡ҶЦ˵
ˣˣҩҵȥбҩҶĸþա
ãȥһɸ졣Ҷ˵
Ҷһ˯ǻڵأҶĸҩʱ򣬶ûֱҩŶѹ
Ҷѹɵݸһѹѹζ
ˣȱˮСҶ褰ڰ֣Թɤӣʲôԣȵˮζˡ
ҶĸĶͷʲô
Ҷʻ붼û˵ݷ
ÿʱԵĶǼΪǰͻԸݳ޵ˣһ㶼ǼӷһŰˮֻʱ⣬ܹһżͻζһֱļδɫ
ãҶĸ˵
ҶںڰвͷЩʪıüͷ漴ˣøϽȥɹɹӣҪȻϸ档
˯ǰܾԼ˼£һֱûֱĿζԽԵʱʶԭԼˢ
Ȼʱ˯𴲣ڹ±۾
ǰҹȫһֱǹ̵ģֱҹҶĸˮſʼĺѱѶʪˣ޽ǵͷҲʪϡ
Ҷֻоһ˿ȥճ壬һˬ
ҶĸëСҶأôȥȱˮÿʱͽбˮ¯Ӿȿˮ
ҶͷͷİɣȥϢ
áҶĸ֮ǰֵǵؿһҶ褡
Ҷ褵ڶʱȫʹоɽ·ۣһ˯øû˯Ƶģ֫úܣһûС
Ҳһҹû˯
Ҷ褿ſڴߣ΢ֱ׼óط˯øЩֻ΢Ļζðˡ
Ҷ˵ȱ𶯣ҪʲôҸá
Ҷ褸տھͱԼƵһҡż˵ȥϢɣѾûˣƽܺá
ҶûӦֻǰҶ褶ͷԣеȡ
Ҷȥˢ˸ʵǾȫϴȴУֻëӡ
ݵʱҶĸѾˣкԷ
Ҷ褵ͷԱߣʱҶĸѾѸƿˣɫļװʮֺÿһƵģЩ˼òã涼ͬúһСҶĸһѾĵãЩˮļֻ㣬ٵһЩͺˮҶ褿տڳԶܳ롣
ԭӦҶʹаףҶ褻ŲأҶĸûţǰǼ򵥵һ뼦
ҶӰѼ飬ȻѰ׵ȥһ£ķÿһ׶ȵذ˵Һ㣬ζҲضã㻬˿ǻǿҵĴ̼
Ź⻬ۣʢλƵģһھܳ磬̲סһٳԡ
ҶĸԵ㣬ľͷһ룬ܳǼ£ûθڡ
óԲҶĸʱ߸һµı֣֮ǰѾˮ͸ˣ˯òˣӵûš
óԡҶ˵ҪȱˣϹƻʪһΣٻɡ
ʲô鷳ġҶĸ»µģžɵľ׼ȥǰŲ˶٣תҶ褵극Ϣһǵúҩ
һůڵļٺҩʱҶ褾;ҩûôɬˣоֺúȵġ
һ뷨ðҶ褾ʹˣܲҩǲˣ


107 컨
Ҷ褽һ춼, Ϊ˯̫࣬˯ˣԾ̺, ֽù, ʼдд, һЩĹ滮
õⳡȷرȾĳ̶ȣҪȾᣬ΢ʩлʸˣǸķ, ЩǴﳣĶļҶ࣬ҪȾأͺ鷳ˣҪһЩʯҵе, ֮, ˮҲУʯҺңǻӰصĲ
ִʽ, ֲ, Ǵˮ⼸֡
Ҷ褰ͽʽһһֽ, дֽ
ֽƽݸ磬ûҪ޸ĵġ
ֽݵʱҶֹ̺ӣһ״Ƶģ˯
Ѿ걸, ֽ, ֮ĿĿԿ, ʵһơ
Ҷһˮ˵ĵ˵ɣܲܿ˵ء
Ҳǡ翴ЩԺӣʵˣ
Ҷ褴ǷոջڿΪҩЧˣе
Ǿ˯һɡ˵
šҶ˳鷿飬ȻӦȫһˣٿһʱ䣬ɺӷϣ¯ҲŲ衭
û˵꣬ĺƽˡ
һʧЦҶ褾µĲֲ˵סͷֿһᣬϨ͵ƣƿ鷿Сľţǰֳһ顣
Ȼһ˯һڿ飬ȴһ㶼Σܰڡ
һҶĸСƿţ˯ˣ
ʵ磬飬С˯ţҿ쾫̫á
Ҷĸ˲Ҷ褶ͷ¶ȣЩ˵¶ȸҲûһ㶼û
֮ǰҶȻҲϵþãǲᷢ¶Ƚ
˵ҿ´򿪵ҩǲ֦ɽڷպͺᣬöϰڵ֢״ٳ
Ҷĸͷ˵ǡ
³ԷҰ˹ͷѾ˺üʱر㡣
ûоܾллĸ
㣬ɶлģ˵ζģϲùͷԡҶĸЦ˵
úóԡվȥ
ҶǱѵģԺֱ۾Ͼͱůëס
óԷˡ罫ӵݸ
ҶëȻͷһˮˮڣǰһôģ
ЦˮЩʲô
Ҷ̧ͷһۣƷƷˮζ²ˮ𣿡
¶ˡСľᵽϣﻹЩû꣬ҾͽˮζȻӣҲǲ
⻰Ҷ褷±ӣļ˵ܺãֹȡ
ϵĹҲܺóԣ޴İǰģ㣬Ҳϸϸģƺ͸ýһͻˣֻһΣȴһ㶼ѵ׵ʺСһ
ó𣿡Ҷĸ
óԡҶ褵ͷԵѴǼ˳¹߸̾ǹͷϱ߽߱ǽǵóԡ
ҶĸʢһզͲԴ⡣
Ҷ褽ӹ룬Ҿе塣
ҲǣóԵ嵭ġҶĸָʢһ롣
ҶõĲ;ǵģԼĸðȾˣȻͬͬס£Ⱦɱ⣬ܽһЩһЩ
Էʱ򻹺úõģҶ褾ԼѾõòˣȻһϸ˯ʱˣҶĸͷǵҪȥ´һΣ
Ҷ褰ڰ֣߻꣬˵ɡ
յ˫ͨ죬˸һ㾫ûУҩɵϻ˯
Ҷĸ״⣬һ͵ȥ´
һҹҶҶĸĵòײŹȥҶȥ˴
򣬳´üɻ˵˵һֱȰѲҩҩԲУ
λüҶ˺ܳʱ䣬ʱţɫԽ࣬ҶĸҴ
ջֺҶ褵ߣȥ¶ֱǵĺɫС
Ȼ´Ҳ컨
صͷû컨ȣ֫ɳк춻컨֢״
Ҷĸ⻰ûվȣҶô컨
컨˶֮ɫһֲһ׻˵ǣֻһ룬ȫΪ컨ʼߣ˼ҵĺҲ⣬һ˾ȫҩֻǸ
´šü˵컨ĴȾԼߣвûҲȾˡ
˵ͻȻתͷҶǳ𣿡
Ƕδʱ򣬴ﱬһ컨ߣȫ˶ȾˡҶ̾Ϣ˵ǴξˡҲ֪һΡ
򾭹Ҳ£˵ǴβֻǴ壬سǶȫǽˣΪ컨ء
´ʵ˳ɱСҪö࣬ȻܺϱһǼҾҪʱҪܻᴫȾˡ
ҶʱͻȻ£͵̧ͷ˵ϸҳ˷᲻ᱻȾˣ
´ҩ߻شһȥƵøȫ˶һ顣
Ҷ褴ʱõĿȫ֣ҪǼﻹۻưҶѬӡЧβöֻ֪ͼοˡ
ҶҪдһֽϣȻ󽻸´򣬡ȥѰҶǣ컨֢״ѣֻҪϳСȸ뵽ߵó컨ǡ
á´Ӧһֽ۵
λ뿪֮Ҷ褴˵ҼǵۼһЩյӣտյӵѾʮֽӽ˾ƾŨĸߣǺȻЩϰߣȴǸոպá
ʱҶĸǿӲذϣЩ²ҪֻҪúϢ
Ҷ˳£ٴλ˯
Ҷôʱ䰴Ҷ˵ĿʼҺҶĸǵ߼ҩܿӾ˾ƾζҩζ
컨Ǳڵ֢״Ҷ֮ǰָȡͷۺŻ¡
ڻ֫ɳƤҲҶڵ
½ȵ⣬Ⲣתãصʱˮһ˾͵ΣյıԵ컨ûܳɹȻΪûܳɹ
һɹ˺ڣڼʱţˮΪŧ壬ٴߣŧ𽥸ɺʱŧΧʼֵעľʱﲻӣһƱ°̺ۡ


108 ±ⷹ
ҶϢԴÿĳ´, ֪ﴫȾ컨˲ֻ࣬ʮλ, ճ˳, ´ҳȳ컨, Ǿ򸴵Ķ
ʱҶ褲ŻȻ򣬵ҾסͬһɽûܽȽϲ, ȾҲǼ¡
⣬絹û£ǰѾùһ컨ͲٵõڶΡ
ϵ¶ڽ֮Ҷ΢, ϸһֱƤ, ǺɫŲڰƤϺѩϺ÷һ, ֪ȵʱ, Щͻŧ, ʱŧΧ¡İݣҺǣ÷ǳª
㲻˵ªŧҲ, Ҷ褾Լʱ治һܵ, ѾʼҪҪֱӰԼˡ
뵽Ҷ褰ӷ, ¶һ˼ӣ뵽ţ磬ҪѰҵţ컨˵ҩȴҲʡ
Ҷ褼ǵ˸Ⱦţֻ΢ĲʣȬܹ壬ţָ컨ĿԭֿܹͬţҲֿܵ컨
Ȼ޷ţ磬ȴֶţ˶ʽ½ǵƺѾֶĸ
˵ȳ´´ʱҶ褾ھǴ˵ֶ֮
´ϴſ֣Щͳ˵Ҳֻۼ
ջֺʼҶ褽⣬ֵֶ˶ַõ࣬һǶ·˼ȡСϣǶƳ嶻޻մϺߵıǿףˮ編Ҳȡĥɷĩ뾻ˮϣɱƬסĩߵıǿףǺ編ˮ編£ֻǲˮֻ轫ĥõķĩ߶׼ǿ״롣
һõķΣճ̶ֻȻȾ컨һЩֶ
ϾȾ컨иʵģЩһӶ˶ŽҲǸһӶأһֶǾǰԼϡ
ڶַó´ӽܣҶҲ֪ǲõԭ򣬵ڶҪƳ嶻°̺ۣ߼ȻԸΪǻĤ׽ĩֶЧ
Ҷʵ˶⣬ɳԹ֣
´Կҩһ٣㵵ط˶кζ֣
Ҷʱл˵ˣΣ˵Ȼ˶˵׼Ҳţ˶ΣգҲΣգǲĶֳһ¡
Ǹ˶ܿպǴĴԽԽ࣬ӦĸִȾҲпϯֵעľ컨ʼߡ
´סˣҩд૵ôû뵽أУţǿԡ
£ҶҲûֻҩ˿дҩĶģҲǣҪҩǴҲûС
´عʱʱѾһӣҶĸһء
ˣæ˵ţĿԡ
Ҷ褵ͷԳһ£λ´ڴʱ䳤ҲƹĲ֢ҪпҲȥѯһǡ
á´Ѽ
֮ǰͻȻ£ҩȡһСƿװҩֹ࣬ģŧ忪ʼʱΧͿһ㼴ɡ
Ҷ褽ӹƿӣĿͳ´뿪ϣջҪûҲûϵʵѣţ˶ǰȫܶ࣬
ʵ´˼ҲԭģСӵ컨ʱ̫ҽʵСʱ׼ֶȻȴΪӵֹûܳɹûһ꣬Ǿͱ컨ߣӹٻ˼ҵƽգǻӵܶûӹ´СΪԭûúֶҲΪȾ컨û
Сӵȥǳ´뿪ǵԭ֮һȥ̫ҽһְŴһӻص磬뿪Ϥĵط·Ž
´£Ҷ褾ҪҩˣűһںɫҩԶϰ߲˿ҩ֭ӵζ
ҶĸʧЦҶ褵ıǼ˵ͿȺ˾Ͳٺҩ
ҶػصҲ밡ֲܿƵġ
ǾͱˣҶĸպҩ룬ʲô
±ⷹҶ˵ҵķҪװ
Էǵԣ;߶ãϴ;ߵʱ򣬻רþƾһ£ȻоûʲôҪϾﶼп壬Ҷֻİ
üﻹ廨Ͱף㹻ˡ
ҶĸϴҩſڵĴ﷭һ廨⣬ˮгⶡеʱȻ鷳Щܹ֤ⶡĵԣֿɿڡ
˺͸㹽һĸ㹽ˮ･չ壬㹽ǲҪģҶĸе֮ӵʳȻ㹽гСĴָǰĶ
ϴ㹽ˮܵŻá
ȹнⱬҶĸ˳ӵΪнⶼǷ̡
㹽ⶡʼⶡɫͿԼϣаǺǱزٵģ㹽ˮˣΪ֭ȡ
ٰһŰˮŽȥտ֭ʱ򼦵ζ
ŨĽ֭׷ϣ磬׷ϳ±⣬˺ͱг±
Ҷ褳Եʱÿһ׶±֭֭Ũζ㣬±ⶡѾ֬ʶ壬ݶɫζȫˣǴժģˬ±̶ͣġ
ûŶٵϣӰǲЩҶĸʡ
ոպáҶֳһڣŵȴպúĿζʱȰͷԵûθڡ
ҶĸԵɿǰ캢ӳԵʵڵǣŲسԲôУ˾±ⷹζأҲһΡ
ȰҶ褣㣬ż
Ҷ褵ͷӦá
Ӧͼͷԡ
ȻҶû뵽ǣһʱԵʢһٷ
Ϊ֮ͿʼҺ𽥱ɻɫҳӯҺ壬Χθԣ·ȼ֯ɳڵĵطصˮףֽŻʱʱǳԵʹС
ټͻȻߵ£ͽıʹȲ֢״ʱܵʲô˵
ԺҶĸֵǵ𣬡´
´߰Ҷĸ𼱣
ô˵˵ȴûأͬôõѾƽȹʱڣ뵽´ɫ˼֡
ҶҶĸʱסҶ
ް´üβŷɫڱϱȽ֢״ͻԵؼ֣ڳȹͺá
Ҷüʣа취᣿
´ڰֵҪа취컨֮߾ͲŰҩֻǸҪǵÿԼȥС
ҶҲǹң⻰͵ͷ
´ûпҩָһҩ࣬ҶҶǰҩͿҶϺ׵ĵطһЩ
Էʳȣǻ߹һЩ
ҶĸڴҲֻпֵĲ˳ƵʣаײˣмҪˣЩǵҶһ˳ԣ㹻ġ
Ҷͳ´뿪֮Ժ￪ʼѯڴΡ
һʮ˸ˣʮǶʮॵ׳꣬ĸʮĺӣʣĸֻꡣ´ֹſڣصĪ׶мһֱûܳҺÿ춼ȥһΡ
Ҷšü˵֮Σ
С´ʵش֮ôãǱȻأʵԶΣֻҪƽȹȵ⼸ͺá
Ҷֻ̾ϣҪٴȾˡ
Ӧòᡣ´ô˵Ҳиݵģ컨ĶŵߵסɸԼ컨ļϣԷԣҺߵ־񼯾۵ĵطԶҪûĻٽдΧĴȾ
ϣˡҶƿţѳ´ͳȥ
ŵʱȴպÿվſڡ
ɻʣǣ
ǰ˵⣬ȥ褡
Ҷ԰ڰֵɣ״еʺϼˡ
¶ڿüë壬ˣ
شǳ´򣬳´ĸ첲͵һ㣬ķӦ͸ңȥҲûãЩ˵
Ҫʲôǿ԰Ŵһ´¡
˼ӦһݱҶ󣬸ų´ߡ
˵͹
ڳЩʲôã
ҪЩ嵭ģǶ죬߹õãһɽϵĹӻ֪ܲܳԡ
л˵
һúϢ


109 
ߵ͸Ҷ褵ĲƵ, ǿ꣬Ӧյọ̈̄Щǲ, ͬʱϵŧ忪ʼӲ, ڰƤԵ쳣ª
֮ͣûо˶ëĴѩ, ҶʱҲ췢յʱϵŧ𽥿ʼγɻɫĺ裬׶, ĲԽܣֻкΧϲܡ
ټЩѿĺ貼ȫ϶û⣬ҶϴҿԼӣ䲻Ǹɫ, ҲܲԼڻݵģ
ڳ´µҩЧ, ͿʱԵİ
ҶͿֱϸűһɫҩĺ跢Ҳ֪᲻̡
Ҷĸƿպãο˵İɣҲ, ڻǺúõģ̵, ֻϸȫ, Щǧӡ
ʱͳԵ嵭ģҲܶ࣬Ǵн⡢͸ǵʳţ⡢ӵ, ǰ漸ֶԵ, ײѪ, һԵģ֮ܶԻԣǵƤʺϳԵġ
ҶⷬԹӦڳԵ嵭嵭£Ȳ֮ʲôܳʲô
һٷԵľǺ춹ͰͷΨһһ̲ǴײˣҶһҶʹ´򣬳Լûϵ
ʣÿһûкܲӪ
Ҷ褵л͵ͷԼļͷСһҲֻ΢ӣҪԱǵÿͷҶСôͷʵǳԲֻ꣬һ롣
һҡҶӹһ룬ڳ
ҶĸǰѴײʢŵҶǰԲ̲ˣǾͶԵʲˡ
ҶͷæҲԣҡ
ҶԱˡҶĸָָԼ룬үԣȥʰ
áҶ˵ͼͷײõʵİײˣժģȻΣô׳ʮˬθǾ׷Ǿͷóԡ
극һ죬Ҷ褻Ҷĸ˻ëߣʣë߲٣㹻֯ë¡
߷ֵһҶ½ˣϵѩ˵֮ǰ˵©˺üζûҵ©ĵطΪǴѩȥʱſȷʵ©ڡ
Ҷ⻰ɻʣʲôλòһֱҲ
Ҷ߱Ȼ߻شǽϣԭȱʳ۸סˣŽѩҾŰʳƵ£ȸߣһƲŷǴ©ڣСأʳһֱţ¶Ȳû½ܶࡣ
ֲۼкüֻѼûȻҶĸëߵֶ£۵òУԭмѼʮֻھֻʣֻֻѼҪǲǼֻܳԣ͸˷ˡ
ҶȻҲۣʣµļѼ˱ǿõݽǸ©ڶסЩٽд
ҶԵͷѾסˣõա
ǾͺáʣµļѼɲٳˣǼֻĸĸѼ
˯ʱҶԼ˯˯ž̲סʼϱӺѱӸסˣסҶ褾ͺһëë棬ڴϲͣŤŤȥ
Ҷĸȼһ㣬͵ƺС˵Ρ
Ҷ褵۾ԽڣϵԽԣʱԼֽűסˣ޷ȥץӡ
Ҳһҹû˯ȣһֱڰΰѵ״̬ܸоԼû˯ţ۾ȴǱŵġ
ȵڶѹʱҶ˶ԵûˣӱǷˮһ裬ͿһҩǺܲ١
ϴ˼֣תͷһƣѩѩأһȥѩûСȡ
Ҷ緹ԵҲ򵥣ֻмС࣬ҶҶĸԵú㣬ֻҶΪû˯ԳԵ١
¿ӣǾţҶæܳȥţ¶˴ҿǵô֡
ôţΪǴˣŲŷҶͷҶ̫
ôˣǼ𣿡Ҷſ˸콹ʣҪ֪ûгͶôˣһȾϣǿɲܡ
ҳ´˵ӻҲȾ컨ںСסţɳҶɩϡ
Ҳſ֣ҶĸģҶͷ˵˵ģãֻǵıԹ
ģ״ãٹ˾ͺˡҶ˿˵
ʱҶ̫廰ȱˣǧǵôԷ
áҶӦһ
ôʱ䣬լǱߵ
Ҷͷϴ϶Ƕãӻ˻ѾˣܻؼңΪСôЩһֱ飬ƫΪСúҩСȴڶûá
ҶüСϣԽԽء
ǰҶͷҲЩüչ
һʱ֮ǾȻҶ̫ڵȥôúúҩֶΣֻҪܺþС
Ҷ˵ôȥɣˡ
С֮ǰصذѱĿݸҶ̫˵ǵóԵ嵭üﻹʣЩܲľҾͰһӣֻһΣӦûϲ
ܲľͼһͬ飬İ֭ټƤСԡ
áҶҲûܾܿͽӹ𣬶һ˵лǾǼˡ
໥ģǼ˺ò˻һЩӦҲͺóԵģҶϲİӡ
˵Ҳ֣ҶĸӵַҶ̵ְֽ̫ģİζв
Ҷ£ĿЯ뿪Ӱʱ׼ţŻûϾֿԶиðŷѩһƲŷ硣

ӦҶ
ֵĻƹѾܳˣ͵
һСƹϿɲ٣װģһƹϺСÿֻʳָǰ㳤ҲɫȴΣˮΣʼˡ
лˡҶֺǺǵ˵϶ϲԻƹϡ
ϲͺá
û̫ͣãҶӱˡ
Ҷźſӻݣժֱ˵ǵģƹġ
Ҷһ־ͷԵĿȥ
Ҷĸƿİײ˿أһǵʮƹҲǣǳԺܾá
˵ͰһӶ˳ȥԺĴ
ʱ򻹸пʳŸճһ룬ֲˣҲ֪ʲôʱܳꡣ
Ҷ˵ҪԵĻԵúܿ졣
ҶĸһۣЩɡ
СҶûʲô˵ɶһ
Ҷĸϴƹϣݸǡ
ƹϲŸҶ褵۾ģƹζ쳣Ũۣ·ǺһˮƵģ˸ˮ
ʵҶ褶ûƹĲ˵ϲһ㣬ֱͺϲˣպϴ󶹽ʱǳˬ
ҶĸŻƹҲ˵պԣô۵ĻƹϲԿϧˡ
áҶ褵һͬ
ƹϵζϵⶼ˲١
ʱţҶϵĺ轥ԼʮЩ㿪ʼ䣬¶ɫѿ
ҶָЩɫѿһܸеʹ⣬û⣬ܺú˯һ
´ʱ򣬾Ц˵ȬˣֻҪڷЩͿҩѰȥ
Ҷʵ˵ǸΪһ컨˶ûܳɹ֪º󣬾Ϳʼû뵽ţֹ֮컨Ĵ˭뵽ִյ컨ܴء
֮ǰ˵ţнչҶʵ
´źػޣ̫࣬βķʱ䣬ʵûоԵ¡
ҲǣҶĻֻʱĶ
Ҷ褱´ΪȬҶĸͰʱ䴩ȫóӵûȼյЩȻϴɾܴҶĸǻҶ褲ȱѴյȥȥޡ
ѱҲˣҺñҶ褸ֹˣӿǴѱֲյˣ޻ɲհ
Ҷ˵Ȼͷ̫ˣѱɹɹˡ
Ҷĸ֣ıָˣŻµġ
дԭǼûдЩģҶ褾ñӺʹ治ϴ׸պϴʱ򣬾ֻҪϴˡ
ҴҲ㣬ҶֻһڶҶĸ˳ϸܣִǮĲֻûʲôƣȻɫҲܺÿ
ôһҶǻȻһ£Ψһõľѩû취ɹӣ±ǳģ֮ǰͺõö࣬˯þ


110 ʨͷ
ҶҴҾһ, Чβö֪ǸοȴģֻǼΪ˶Ũζǳ̱, ҺǻкüѬ, һȼǳǳİɫ, ƺإɵζṉ̀ǵľζ
ǼȼѬʱҶͻȻתͷȥֻҶĸݡ
ˡҶ褽һ, ҪҪæ
û˵ѾΪԼ뷨ߵҶߣһʵҿʲô
æѰƵݹҶ˵
áӦһ
Ҷ褱߶˵ɰơإɵȲ㣬ȼֹԵѬ㣬ڷҩ
ݸĿ, 㡸ѬѢ, ڷҩɡ
˵ܽһ
Ҷ褰õŵһ, ȫ, Ҫгʪĵط, ȼϨ
Ҳ֪ЩɫСʲôʱϴʱˮӳЩ˵
ЩɫСҶɫƤԵʮԡ
𣿡
ˡҶ褻شԭͲôֻۣҺû֮ǰӣʵǲĿ
ᡣû˵ʲô, Ҷ褾֪˼ǲ᲻Ŀ
ʱҶͻȻƿ, ˵ҪլǱ߳Է, Ͻʰһ¡
缸ѾҶҵˣҹʱڣһٸҶ褺ӻӷϴķȻҲڣʱﻹҶæһٷʵ
áҶ褵ͷ
ʵûʲôʰģ׼óҪĺʵѣ¡ҺͿ֡
ҶŲպãŵʱ˶ʵʵ޵һë¿㣬ϴƤѥϵСϣƤѥů͹ůͣأڻѩγһǳӡ
ҶĸƤҶϣٴһе䣬𴵷ˡ
óҶ褱ѹһ
ϰ˾ͺáҶĸִ¼ȡºͶҸϣ˳ѿԼ
ҾҿɸˡҶ褳źĵ˵ŶŲ
Ϊֽɡû£ߡ
˵ͰɡһֻϣԭֻŵҶǰ
áҶ褽ַȥ
˾ǣһլߣХƬƬѩǵ߶
ģҶ褸չͱү̸ΧסˣҶ̫Ħ֣ӯοúӣû¾ͺá
Ҷͷû˵Ҳһֱڿһſ˵˵ߴš
Ҷ̫һֱҶ褵֣Һúÿ
ڿҶ褸첲ϵС֮۵ʣ𣿡
Ҷҡҡͷİɣֻǿأʵá
ʱӻչϵĿӻûأ
ûУҶ̾˵ϵЩСӣͿ˺ܶҩ൫ûʲôЧ
ӻ԰οôģҲ࣬ǰһģֻʱ˲
Ҷ褿һӻϼѾӣֻһ㣬ȴۡ
ӻߣʼ⣬ҪǶʧϴʱһ״ףƽҪˮ߹
Ҷ褱ߵͷ
Ҷ̫˵ܳεġ
ӻһ⻰Ϳ̣Ժ⣬졣
⻰߳ҶɩˣָӻĶͷ˵ȱųԣ°ҿôޡ
ӻ˵ھޣ嵭ĶҪˡ
ҶҲɣҲǣǳ峴ײˣǳԴײˣżһƹϳ
ӻסҶ褵֣һһ
ˡҶɩڵӣǺóԵġ
ģӻǡ
ġҶɩͷȻԸȥǷһ֡
װʳһ飬ɫÿŰ˪źǷùһ㣬ֻҪ٣ͻһ𳶳һɫԽҲ̵ģΨһȱǳ׷塣
ҶǸʳһԳԵĸոպãЩδ
ԥҪҪٳһʱҶĸƿŽǹȥԷҶ褾Ͳپˣ֮ǰؿһ
һòˣҶʱ֪Ҷɩ˵ܳԵĶЩʲôˣʨͷܲľ˿㶹ⶡһĸ
˶ºԿճλãҶɩСҶô
Ҷʻ´˵˵ˣ淵ȺҩܳԷ˵ȳԡ
Ҷɩһۣɣ¶ˡ
˵ЦŶ˵ȳԡ
ҶͷҶ̫һӣҶĸҨһ뼦Ҷ褺ǰȺٳԷ
滹˻κͺ棬ܹǿʺϴ󲡳ʳá
Ҷ褵ͷһůڵģζʮûסֺһڣȻͿʼ⣬۵úܣһˡ
úȰɣҶĸ
úȣȻһ㶼͡ҶЩϲػش
ɲǣصذѼͶƲȥˡҶĸָһ˵ͷЩͻˡ
һʱ壬Ҳ˷ѵ
ҶɩʱҶҸһС׺Ͻιӡ
ҶѾ˸ӸʳͣʵԭûиʳģСʼǳ̣һֱԵĸụ̂Щ˼רŴԼҺӳ̳Ե߰ꡣ
Ȼũǲúӳô̵ģԵ꣬ȻҶȴҶӻҶ˵ǺСģΪҶӻ̥Ҷɩ̲ԣҶΪѲҶĸҲô̡
ҶҲΪʱڴһ˺Ȳĸֻ̣ܺѾ£ԳԸʳӪ
ʳ׺Сࡢƺ͸߲ˮࡣ
ҶĻæ¿ӣ׺˹ʱҶ褺ȥֻװ׻ɫĺ
ҶɩĿһѵư쵽׺ʣµĵǱŵҶϴ
ιӡߴٵ
ҶֽҲóѾˣһֱҶһС׸ι
ιһڳˣҶɩæֵԷ
Ҷ̧ͷһۣɩӵ״̬ۿɼĲѣƣɫȴ󲡳ӻ
ҶЩȣɩӾȻô
º󿴵ҶιҶ׺üʵ첻мôι׺
⻰һ˲ͰˣҶӶΪ𾪵ڵϣ۽⿴ҶɩѾ΢΢
ʱҶĸæԲŰ꣬ԲصĶƲҲУúк
ӻҲ˵ʦ̹͵ĺụ́мԼһЩ׺ܳġ
ǰЩͰС´Ϊʦѧûɹʦ
ЩǡŶһȻͿʼͷԷ
µķͽȻҶԷԵò˳ԭһԵĲˣȴûθڣʵε磬ȻҶ褿ȴ̹Ȼǲòʰ·硣
񣬱һʨͷ
Ҷ褵ͷһƣʨͷرãɫƫ嵭ζӦû᲻ڴһڣʱͱ޵ˣҲ֪ʨͷЩʲôģкʨͷ壬Եøˬ
ǷʲôأҶƷţԺʳִĿڸвɽҩ߶ӣǡͻȻһݩҲ㡣
ݩɫѩף֭ԹžеѩƣȿԵˮҲˣһ
ʨͷ·ҶֻһžͰһ뷹ȫˣҲóԣֻйоء
ȷ꣬ҶɩӶûʰֱӻݣҶɩҶĸ״æϡ
Ҷ̫̾˵ⶼЩʲô°
ɻӻȥæһһû֮ǰ̥ʵǲ´
Ҷ褺ҶҲǰŵ̨ȡľͿ档
ĻҶ̫ͲҶ褸ˣˮ̫ӻɣǵϴ
Ҷ϶Ե٩ǱǾǸ¡
Ҷ̫һۣȻӳԴס
ĶҾ˵˵ܣǸϽȥϴ롣Ҷ϶λֵܾߡ
Ҷϴʱջؿӵ۾
Ҷɩ־ĨᣬΪ˲壬ϣڷԵⲻˡ
Ҷĸ˵ҲûǸ˼
Ҷɩ־˵ǲǣڶ̫ˣмһֱû˵һ֮ǰǶ̥ΪǾͶȥأź̲֮ʳȻʹʱʼ͸ҰɫѰ˼ҴԼĶŮʲô£ûпԣÿһ˵С
λҶĸҶɩһۣɩѾ̺ܾˡ
˶ָԶһôЩ꣬һǿųģȻվҶɩߡ
Ҷɩü׼ĸȰȰ
Ҷɩȴ˵ûãҲ֪Ȱٴˣ淶ȰҲһ㶼ûá
Ƕ޲ˣҶɩվˣ˵ͺܲ٣ҳȥɻˡ
ҶĸҲվ߰ɣһ𡣡
ɡҶɩˬӦһ˵ͱպһҪŮ
л˵
ô£趨ʱˣôûзȥ


111 Ԫ
ʰ궫ҶһҾ׼ȥ, ſ£Ҷ̫˰ΣҪ뿪ʱ, Ҷ褵ʣ֮ǰ͹ȥİӳ𣿡
Ҷ褷ס̵, شÿ, Ͷˡ
ϲԾͺáҶ̫ʮο˵ͷһЩ͹ȥ
ãҿϲİӡҶֺǺǵӦ
ҶĸҲˣЩƵ˵Ҿǰ̵ķʽİӣζȴԶ, 治֪Ǻԭ򡣡
޷ǣӺͰʵ࣬ƫƫӺ⽾ͺܺóԡ
㻹٣ЩͺˡҶ̫˵
ζϸ΢ĲΪϺͻͬЩҪġ
ĹһӾ뿪, ·û˵, ֱؼժֺҶĸŸпǼҼбľ
ҶΪԳȻǲʺ˵ֶϱǷǣļ˵, ȥʰһ¡
áӦһ
Ҷ¼˵
Ҷĸ˵û, 淳ǰźúõ, ôͻȻͱˡ
⻰Ҷ褲֪ôӣ淵ĽӴٵģҴСüñȽ϶࣬С淣ӻһС´Ϊͽ, ܻ֮档
ҶĸҲҪӻ, Լ˵Ͳ˵, ȥҶ褼ҩ
ںȵҩ֮ǰһҪΪ˹ЧζûɬֻʣĿ࣬Ҷ褺ȴ֮ǰܽܣеںȿ࿧ȡ
꣬Ҷĸݸһˮ
ҶһڽĿζ
Ҷ»ʱҶѾϴˣӻĽ飬ϴʱˮЩ״ס
ǵòѩٲóȥˡҶĨ˰˵
СҶĸ⻰æߴǸϽȥ˯˯𴲲ѩ
ߴתͷ˵Ĵ춼Ǹɾģֱ˯С
лһһ¼а¶סҶ褼Ʒȫġ
ҶʵڰסǷ˵
Ρͷ
Ҳ֪ǲΪһΣҶҹ˯˸þȻڶʱѾǲεľݣܰɲԺ
ܺõĴѣϴʱֿˮӳ涻ȥЩۼǳٹȫ
Ҷ褳ȥ֪̫ԺѩѾҶˡ
Ҳ٣׵ľǸ̿ʵǿһһ̫˷ˣǼĿֶ޲ģ˵һϡǳƵϵģһӵԼһ붼ۣ˲Ӿֻܾİ취ڣ̿һʱѿֲ𿪣޲Ҳܳô˻һ¡
Ҷ褲𿪿ϵƬ޲üӰ̿гЩ̿ãõĴ취ûյ
ҶĸԱţѲ޲ݵˮˮ½µʱͿ԰Ƿ۵ȥʼϴ
޲Ӽסɹͨ紦Ҷ褿ƮĲƬЩź룬Ҫǳ̫͸ˣɹܹɱ
ѩ˾Ǽ£ҲҪ̫ࡣ
Ҷ첲һߵ¶ȣԼ¶ʮңԴջظ첲˵ѩ仯ѩ䣬Ȼʱ
Ҷĸһۣа˵ˣ׳š
ҲòˣԳȥΡҶ褹˵û뵽¶Ȼô͡
Ҷĸ⻰ָҶ褵Ķͷ㻹û͸ͱųţʵʵڼš
ҶҲ֪ԼŸմ󲡳֮ǰ϶½Ҳ͵ڷǳ
Ҫ֪һ´ȥҶĸ˵ͬʱ϶Ҳûͣ
Ԫ׼ΪʮʮҲԪڣȥլһԲûԪý첹ϡ
ʱ䷢̫࣬ҶܾѾ˺ܾãֱǽϵžһҲŹȥʮ졣
Ҷ褻ǵԭȹԪڵʱȥس￴ƣ¹գкһյƴ˼ңȻյѾˣƵȴʼ
ƲҶ褻ֻǵֵķΧ͸һܰʱ⡣
Ȼ޷ٿƣǻԳԪ
ҶĸѺ֥ͺʳ飬ĶһŨļζٵ֮ǰեõĺͺһЩǽԪھˡ
ԪõĲǰŴߦԲƬϰȥķǽţٷвϷʹŴ׷һסϵķ
ҶĸԪʱ򻹲һҶ
òóԡ
Ҷ褱̵ֱȴ᲻³Ҫĺܺóԣ֥ɿڣ΢Щ࣬ȴܺõк壬ŴƤŴŴģһҧճʵϲŴĶ⡢ԪԲ֮ġ
ҶĸҶ褵Ӿ֪ϲǵԪ½ˮϣ©˳
һ룬ÿﶼʮԪͷСҶֻͳŵòУֻźĿʣµıˡ
ΪŴǳҶĸһɽˮǸһ
ò˵ںĶԱǼ£ɽˮʱá
Ҷ褲Ÿպһɽˮ´ˣĽҶԼһ½⣬ѾȬˡ
ҶĸϽЦ˻ο˵Ǻˡ
´ҲԳЩ̲һҼǵôƺõ˲ΣɣֻҪ˲һˣᲹͷ
ҶĸμȻ󿪿ʵʲô
Źԡ´˵Ҫû˲κҲУһ̫ķѾǲպǳоƣ
ʱҶ褿ɫˣҶüʣ˲᲻Чã
´æҡͷУǵ˲룬ɰңǼԵ˲ԽЧԽá
˵ЩҩŷӣͷЩõĳдһ͹
⻰ҶлҪ֪漰ҩĶǸش˶ӻͽܻٴڶˡ
´Щ˵Ҳû˻ҩţзҲǼ¡
ǾͶлˡҶٴεлһ䡣
´պҩ׼뿪Ҷĸ𣬡Եһ¡
ҶĸûߣæץһֻóȻЩɽһݸ
´Ҫܾڵʵ鷳ˣЩֲֵǮҪǲտɾǲӡŻͷٻһֻ´͹ȥء
´˵Ļ̾ͱ˻ȥֻõҾȴ֮ˡ
ҶҶ褾׼ͳ´ţǸߵſڣһϤ´ȱߡ
ҶȥֻҶǱܡ
ôˣ´㵵
ҼϺ˼绹ǺúõģԷʱͿʼкһֱûáҶӱ˵߳ϳ´ӣϽ
úúá´æѿж͸ȥ
Ҷų´ܡ
ʱҶתͷ˽Ҹȥ
Ҷĸͷãȥɡ
Ҷ뿪ҶĸŹϣǵôˣ˵˲ܸȼôιˡ
ȵɡҶ΢΢ü˵
Ҷĸ̾˵ۼҽǲǷ̫ˣô²ء
ᣬϹ룬Ͻʰһ¿Ķһỹø´͹ȥءҶæתƻ⡣
ҶĸȻסˣ˵£Ҷ֪϶ǵǵġ
ҶҲЩõԤУҶһҪˣĸѾɩӺܾãºпܳΪ/
ȻҶʱǰϸ˵һ顣
һ󿪿ڵʣļôһȫιˡ
ҶȻһ£Ҷ褿ǳߴ֪Ҷƽ׺õС룬С̳׺ûζһļɲʹĺȣֲ֪Ǵιٺȶ٣һȾͺȳˣҹļʹһ̼ӾͿʼк
ȥʱѾѪˣʹɩûҺó´ȥ磬ֹסкǣֻǳ´˵θܵ˴̼³ԲʲộֻܺұҪҩһպ׳ʲôʲô
׼ĸˣϱĽҲˣǻլǱߡ
Ҷĸ۵òУһƢûסԹ淣ôİȥﶼιȼҲ룬ʹɩܺԼҺӲɣ
Ҷ̾о仰û˵Ϊֲܿݵʱȴһ䣬ûôõļܲס
ҪǵʱϾɩǵҪ⻰Ŵ̶Ҳ֪ôô˵Լӣպе֡


112 
ĹȻҶ, Ҷϴһ˺ü죬ҶѾĻѿڶʱ˴Ｘָߵ, Ҫ֪Ǵûк, Ǵʮ, һ׮飬ìҲȰȰȰͶ˵Ҳһ׮󹦵¡
ҶҶĸҲҶ褸˹ȥû, ˵ⲻʲôʵ£ϸ˵Ҷݣȥʵǲʡ
Ҷ褵ʱֻլվˣմ״ʵģΪû, Ƶ, ɢһַǳ̱ǵζ
Ҷͷڿ߳麵̣·Ͼǳ࣬Ҷ̫ҶɩŤͷڿ, Ĩ߸Ҷҵ߿, λϸ˵Ҷͷ岮ĸ, ǼޣһڻŵľһˣѾǻ𣬽չ˾ʮ
һҺܿԷֿҶҶĸȥҶϴҶɩ, Ҷ褴һ, ѡŲҶӺҶߡ
ҶӸóط, ȻС˵һû˯ˣҹ½½ˡ̧°ʾ£ʯͷ淽һҡ淽һҡ
ǡҶܾ̾̾ǲ̾ȴ޷㷢ʱ顣
Ҷɵ˵ҹﳳողͣҾ֪ɩһʮ·硣
棿Ҷ⻰ɵþȼˡ
档شǲ֪ʲôʱչӻɩƺ̻ŵʱϴˣӶǲŵƫƫԼԲ
ҶͶˣֻܾԼﲢԳһϵˣò٣ʱ˵Ļ׽˿Цá
ӻѹ˵Ҽǵ̫ȥǰһֱǴɩչ˵İɡ
ǡҶȻ淽ʹЩҶûмˣûҲҪż£ʣСЩչܻ©ǻǴɩϵöࡣ
˶ĿȾ֮¿϶ѧ̫ɡ
һҲڰûڣﰵͲչǸ̫ţҲǣѾͷôõĲѧѧģҹ˵ЩҶҺԩʣԼȢϱ϶ҲöӺ롣
˵䲻ģ˼ҶѾǸӣ˵Ǻ룬ʵ淵˼޶оݡ
ôԼӣܲվ˼棬ҡ淲źۼ̾ĺˣû˸ȢΪޣڶ޵ĸ˲٣ȻǹѸޣҲ֤ûӶޣνƷֻΪԭҿ϶淵ĻȥֻƬһҹƺܳһʱ䶼ڴ̧ͷûȢ׼˵ĵû¹ҲҪˡ
Ͼ˭ҲŮ޸һŮ˼ң˽淲Լٺãǰ˸ԼҶҪ֡
深ԲŸ죬ûأͱϵҶɩˡ
Կ˵ϵﶼûԶٶһҹû˯ϸûԣȲۣҪ¶óԱ˵ȴӻȥ
Ҷɩ֪һ֮ʲô˵ĳڣټ϶ӿտգ׳ܣֻгԱŻƽʲô˼Ǻģ׺ڡ
ɲǡӻæӻǶǴ˶ٵûɶ£СأٶҲܶǰ´ǻҩڲǻüҩ¿ɲ٣ҲǼ°
ҶɩҶ͵ֱҲ֪û
˵վæȥԼӣҶԭſڣ뿪ʱҲȥҶע⵽ʱһ۶ûɩӡ
ҶҶӣСΣ
ҶҲСش𣺡ã̫СǰŸһ󲡣кģԳ֮ӹıƽӽʵ䲡ܣȴ֮ǡ
´ʱʹڳʲôȽϺã´˵ãæȥ˴ü꺢ӵĸ˼ܲܰιһǼλ˶ܺã˵ǰԼι͹ι
˵ܲٲܲٵҶӵĻ䣬˽ҶҵһλСϱ޵½㱻˳ƺΪ½ɩӣķսЦ˵ոҼҵƤι̣մմĹɡ
ҶĸӦһߵʱ򣬻пڶǵˣһǵ㵱ӡ
ء½ɩ˵ĶóԣСʱÿ궼Źʱܳһ
ҶĸЦ۾һӶѣһҸװЩʲôģûؼҸ졣
ǸãҼƤ쳳ҪƫﵹùԼɹûպãˮùˣء½ɩӼ˵Ҳܣһ㶼˷Եøˬʣ˶䡣
ַǵ׷׵ˣڣڿҶҵպҲûƵģֻǵӹҶɩҶ磬ߺι̡
ҶѾܿ࣬Ҷɩ֣ҲǸɿɰĺӣ½ɩȻǰòУͷҶգҺúһ¡
ҶɩЦ˵ȻϲŮպŬŬһ
½ɩӵһûв˼ҶȱˣĳȻ̾˵һΣδƤСӣÿƤ춼ˡ
кֲ˵Ůء
ʱһȺ˵սɿˣȴҶ褼ֱĿɿڴ
½ɩǰݷùϿ֮ű뿪ģΪ˻գ淽ڿ½ɩӣ˵һľʮ㣬ԭֻһò
Ҳ֪ôģ⻰ͱɩ˼𽥷ʱӲĶһ䣬ҪҲӣҲ
⻰ùǺûҲ̲סˣָ淵ĶͷȫڲŴڱ˵ҶҿۣҶҼǵԭǸô˳ˣôţǼء
ɲţǼˣҶšü˼Ǳˣء
淼ͽöŭĿӣźˣǵͷ˵
Ȼȴزԭȡ
ںܿҶɩӻ˷ʱƵա
ʱվǵ¶࣬ǾͲˡ
ֲһ䣬˼ˣʯͷӻؼСס죬ȹЩܲȰɣҪȰˣҲܿ淵Ҿ
Ҷ̫Եͷá
ʵҶ̫ҲǲҶģ˵ﲻô˵淶ת治ڵĳ̶ȣǼҾûкˣലͷܴβ͡
뿪ǰ淵ĸ첲ֹ˵ȻһǿӲİߡ
ܿʣҶ˺ڣ󣬵ɺѣ˵Ҳ
˵ʮһ׮飬ͬԵǰģǺ룬Ҫ˼˵㱻Լ˸ˡ
Ҷլ緹Եü򵥣һһɣǴպ̲ˡ
ҶڿҶӰѴպϽȻнڳԵʱ΢΢ͷתˣܿ˶ٴΣǽܲԴеĳԷһ˵ĴУһĴС
ȳ극ҶһҾͻȥˣ·һֱû˵ֱҺҶĸſ˵ҾúӦǲ룬ľøȼû£֪ܺȼι֮Ĳɴȥˡ
ƺҲһʱƽҲûˣϾǿǴ£һ벻á
Ҷ褿ǼˣȻˣҲֻ
Ҷ˵Щ£˸⣬ߵǲѩˣҪһֱ죬ǿԳȥһ˱ɽ᲻αҪˣǾ͵ÿǷס˺ü˵ĵط
˵Ŀ£ҶΣ˼εǿɵö׼ƽĿֲãûֲС
ɽҺ͸ж壬бǺ͡Щ˵ɺܴ˺Ҫȥ͵ȫװһƤ¶档
Ҷ⻰ͷҪ׼ʲô׼ʲôԸòҲҪõʱȴҲ
ҶŵƤʵһѣмûиϵ֣Ҫִķֲ޲ҲƤӣú㣬ЩɲأڿʼҲɼףõʱ仹ӵ׼
Ҷ褻ݺ̿ʼӣõ̿ʣɣڱϱעõĲϣЩطҪƬ̿ȻǱز١
ддıʾһ٣ûв۾ڵأ


113 
űѾü
, ʲôأҶĸɻʡ
űѾüˣͣش򿪹ţȴһֱûҵҪĶ
Ҷ˫ֻؿյ˵Ҽǵ֮ǰЩǱߵĻҸ, ˸Ķˡ
ˮʮֺ, ص˼, Ƕ˵Ҳˮľͽӵһˣ鷳ˣҪʱôҵҲ
Ҷĸ˵ǲһȽϴģ
Ҷæͷû, ǿƺûи
ŶҼǵĶءҶĸ˵ߵԺƿѹոϵĵݵ˵ʯͷƽģպѹסոס
ԭѹʯ˰Ҷ褰ǿˮϸ, ʱʱ۾չȥ⿴, ȿ϶ǱȲϲģ򱡺ӦҲܿǰ·
һҵ˿Դ沣ڸ۾Ķ
׼ճȱȽϸߵĽ, Ĺڶ鼮֮, Ҷ褺ܿ¾, ΪǿԶһĶｺͨ¹˿ҵıǹͼҾʱ벻Լ򵥣ϸǳֻҪɡ
㶼ܺò׽, Ƕ, ڽ˺±һҾҵ, ȥʱܿ㡣
ҶջСŻغֻ´㣬źʹ׳һ㣬ʣµĲָȫˣȷÿһ˼Ҷֵܷһ㡣
ɱȡʣµȻҲܳԣЩûָˣǸ˰Ҷ褴ˣϾ˼Ұæܲһ۶Ҵ䲻ѣ൱鷳
ҶһϵѪĤ֬Ѫ˿ʶȥ
߶ֱ߶ǧܴƣһ˾ͲǾͰ׷ѹˡ
һĻǴ︾ˣҲûʲôԭֻձ˵ŮӻӸϸģʺϸ
Ҷĸͷһɫʱˣȥϴ֣أǼ˵㣬ϿɲٶԸȥ
Ҷ褴ʱҲ׼ˣ֮󣬲ǵ͵ƻǵɻۣʣµˣټ
ϴɾֺ˵ҰԼ԰ɱõؼҡ
ɲأЩܴؼңֽЩܴ
ʱȻǲȱԣ˭Ҳడ
˶뿪Ҷ褰ѾõһľɹԺͨĵطҪЩ춼ܸ͸ĻͿԿʼˡ
ջ㣬ȻҪġ
Ҷĸ׼һ㣬ǰɱõһϴȥͷȻ󵶴еϻһֳİ꣬İֳ޵ĺɫԵʮʡ
ʱҶ褽ӹĻʼϴ⣬ϴŨףҶĸǳôʱѵ׼ãκȻǱزٵġ
Ƭʱ򻹲ԸҶ褵ȥ͵Ҫֿֲһ䣬ȥҨһ۳
Ƭ˳Ƭģˮһ⣬Եø⾧Ө͸ȻҶĸƬŵץʱЩƯƬͱɫסˡ
ȱʲôȱˣҶĸӸóһг˿ˮúѺͷβǷŵнһ㣬ǳ΢΢Ƶʱ򣬾Ϳ˺ûͷˮʼ߳죬ҶĸְѴõƬŽȥ
ٷκһζˡ
ϳԷʱҶʢһ׷ɫ֭׷ϣÿһ׶Ũ֭˹棬㿪θ΢΢ŵȴܹܵķΧƬҲرóԣһζûУڸϼѣ̲סһٳԡ
ڼͷԷʱҶĸͻȻ˵˸𾪵Ϣû뵽ȻҪ룬ԭɩҪæģȴûɣԭǺȥ˴ﱲִĳǵ֤淺롣
⻰һ侲Ҷסˣв˵ֶ˶٣ˣ
ҶҲ΢΢üͬ⣿
ҶĸǻشҶ⣬Ϊ˵Ϲ𣿵Ȼģɩ˵⼸춼û˯þ¶ϸǹģǶ֪ųĬԣʵǸʮˡ
ʵһӵҶȥ±ζϾܿ˵ҶеǼسǹǼʳ̣û±ζأΪûˡ
ȻŻشҶ褵Ҳֺͬη˵˶ǼռͱƵǰҲµģ˵䲻ģҪǼһֱźҲ£˿˭ϵù˭
ҶҵĻһеģ淼޸ҶʱȻ뵽ԼҪǺɹɾͲҶˣҶĸҶҶ磬ɲٻ
ҶĸԼúĶãˣպҲȢϱٸ淾
ҶšüǳˣҲò֣˿Ǻ뷨ֻҪ֧ա
ҶĸҲͷӦģֻǴ峤˵ҲܿҪд˺飬ɵþ֤
ҶӦȻ
Ҷ褲¶ۼ̾ǼҼҶһľʣҪǻҶľأҲһľϾҺˣɩھһŶʱը/˭֪ʲôᱬը᲻ըˡ
֪ϢҶ褾÷ϵ㶼ûԭôˣЩʳ֪ζĳ
ڶһӹͰӵҶ֪ɩӲͬ룬һֱڼڡ
ҶָָԼ۾µĺ˵һҹû˯ãﳳµıˡ
Ҷ褶ϸβڵƤϷһɫ˵٩ƤҲ尡
ҶЦһ£׳˰ɡ
ЦҲ˵ˣҶɫ˵̺ʹĸǼҴһʱ䡣
Ҷ԰һȻͰҲҶôһ͹
Ҷ˵Ͱ˹
ôˣҶĸŸհѰӶ÷ŵԺӵĴ
ҶҪĿظһΣȻ˵ڼϢãǱѣ̾Ҫסһʱ䣬úõ塣
Ҷĸ⻰̸˵Ӧɶеģȥȥ̺ʰһӣñͷֳɵģǹ˯
˵ͼæߣ㶼û飬Ҫ֪ǷѾüڵǼСסһʱˣһֱûͬ⣬ǿּ˻סСӼʲô°òҶ̫סˣǿɲǵúúʰһ
ҶҲֺǺǵ˵ȥҵ
Ҷ֪ºܸͬˣͷ·֮ʹҶ褻լˡ
һȴҶ褿˺һϷ
ǵʱҶ̫Ѿʰ˶Ҷ˯
ҶæС˵㣬Ÿ˯š
ҶܿͷᶯָŵϵľʣҪȥĶôЩ
Ҳס˶ãȺ¾ˣôණûá
Ҷ̫߷һµˮң̺ӹҶ磬һȱůֲ˺ӡ
ʰ˵߰ɡ
ҶҶһ˱һ𣬿أͷֻЩ֮ġ
ȻǲŸ׼ţͿͻȻţֱֱҶ̫͹ˣҺñҶڣס
Ҫ֪Ҷ̫ѾСˣ汻ôһײǻˣοﻹҶ磬һڵô졣
Ҷɫһڣŭ㵽ʲô
深һΪԭ˼̧ͷʱҶһֻмûȴԵࡣ
̧ͷĵһ¾ȥҶ磬㰡
ܼ⣬ʱ˸˯ûõҶ磬ӤĿ𣬻ߣҶ褽ü޲ðѶϡ
Ҷ̫ŻĺӣȴһֱֲݣǼֱð
ҶæȴȥҸ
áҶ̫ҶҴһݡ
߾ʣǼ˵ʱҶüʵ㵽ʲô
˵㲻ҡ
ݣǺ롣Ҷ˵ӹȥûдǼҲýƸ񻹻ǻļױ͹ȥ
Ҫ֪ǳʱҶ͵ĵƸɲأչҪ˫Ƹͼױ黹˵ģҶҪƸҲʹŹ黹淵ļױﻹųʱƸױ
ʱ淴ӴƵܳ׾Ե֣淵Ѿ֪պȢѵܱﻹ۰ӣ
Ҷⷬȴ΢΢üⲻڵ°ܣ
˵ʲôҶն˵ҲȢ̫ϣͲǷˡ
⻰һʱ
մҶɩɵȵ
ҶȴûͣڵǻӭģҪԵ뷨ǾͲ˵
⻰㱣˵ҶɩüȰȴ֪ӺȰ
Ҷϴ˵ʱն񣬼ȻȢһӰɣȹһ˵ʱܾ͸ıˡ
ӶˣҶɩֲֻó̾һ


114 ˲ڼ
ҶǺܿʹҶ̫Ҷ˼, ʱҶĸѾӸʰˣҶ̫ߣ˳Ц˵Ȼɹ̫, һֱ, Щζ
û¡Ҷ̫˵̯ڴ, Ųã˯ҡҲҪǱӡ
ҡҶСʱҲ˯, Ӧ˵ҶкӶ˯Ҷ褿ҡϵľ˶Ħƽˣﰵʹʱ䲻ʮꡣ
Ҷ̫Ҷ簲ٺãҶĸ, Ҷ褾ͳȥ, ԺѾ͸ˣҶ褻ȷһ£·Ż, ˮ
͸״, , ףҶ褶еöİ½гƬ
ˮȻõĿɲǼҳǸһ©ڵС, Ǽ̭, ԭŲһ, ¶࣬һڣ©ϷȻˣȴǴ´ࡣ
ڹãҶƿ֮󣬶ʱӭһƬƮȥſ˰͸ŻƵģôͬʱζҲôЩȣű΢΢ü
ζţҲܰ;ϣҽҪ¿ǺҪģҶǿζõһŲֽϣľʼҽĹȷһȵģҶž͵ý䵹عһ¡
ͣĴ㳹ױճĽ״Ҷ褷ľһ£ʱʵѾճˣû׳ͣɿְѱϵ˲ù״ȫסѹ˳ľõֻҪˢˢҪ̶ĶϣӴʮιˡ
Ҫһòֻ꣬ҪԺﶳһ¾ˣ֮ĽԱܾãֻһʹõʱЩ鷳ðϱߵĲٴһΡ
ЩճϵƤӺʹĥԲ͸ˮƬģΪ˹ж壬ڿڱǴŵƿֵ˫޲޲̿ĭǲ޲վƽݹԶŵһǺǵľζ
ѡƤƤһ͹ˣüӼóͣپϣ˫۴ͳԲεĶ
Ҷ褱Ȼһ£۾ĻӣпͲҪõ棬ȥмǿ飬ֻҪºˮƬϵԲ߹̶һԲ֮䴩еԵĶӡ
ķһ¹ƤƵģҶĸŴ︾ŷ߰ף׻һɫΪĻɫм䲻ֿģһƾ֪ء
֮ҲȷأҶ屻ѹһٴϷֺ۾ʱˣ˵Ҳ
ܿ·ҶȦˮƬĥɵľƬȻǲ粣ôܿһ·ԶͲˣԺģڿͲƵģƲܳᵼ½
׹𣿲ĻٷסҶĸ
Ҷ褰ǵ֣˵ˣֻȥƣôҲûã͵ҡҶ㹻ˡ
Ҷĸ̾ѵƤ£үҪȥֵĵġ
ģһһزֻˡҶ褰ο
ʱҲ̣һ·ʲôǻҪ飿Ҷĸͷ
ǵǣ˵һ꣬Ǿʮţ⻰٣㱦Ѿˣⲻʱʱġ
˵⻰ҶĸҲû׼Ҷ褻ش𣬱ϾҲûش˭֪·ϻʲôأ⻹ܲܿתƻʵ׼ʲôʱߣ
ȹʰ궫Ҷ褴
˵ҪĶɲأǻɽǱߵĺˮҲ֪ܲܳԣԷһôüˮҵˮһ·Ͽ¾ûһˮɱӣǰܴϣ·ץɼʲôĻԿȵġ
ҶĸԵͷӦɣȥǸʰȥ
ûҶ褾ܾأеˡ
Ҷ褸ȥæߴһֻͣסŲȥš
Ҷ
Ҷ褴ŵ̺ء
ҶʱﻹһֻѾɱõڼҶ褿ͬ˵ˣôҼǵüڼûʣֻˡ
ڼʮǰǲμӴӼʱģôЩڼ𽥷ܣҲγȶȺ
Ҳûɶøɱˣĸֱˣ̫ûɶáҶ˵ο´˵ö˲μڼ޶⣬ˡ
֮ǰ´˵ҪҩŷӶ͹Ҳû飬ȥһ淺Ƶ鼮͸Ҷ褣Ҷ褷ЩҩŲ˵ҩŲ˵Ǹ˼ҵĲףҪҩ̫أǺں֮ģǱźˡ
Ҷࡢ˲ࡢ˲Ź˲ڼǳģҶĸȣɫ󣬲ǰʱĳӲ˻Բ˼֣ⶼ
ҶڼŵȻȥ￴ŮˣҶĸʱպÿֻʵˣʾȴǿ϶
Ҷ褵ͷء
СҶĸû˵ʲôڼһ£⼦ͦʣüﻹв룬ϸȡ
˵Ҷ褵һǵðѺԷ
ҶĸͿʼˣǰڼϴгɹ飬ˮͬ롢桢ƬһŵչС
ʱִӹҨЩ²˺ӵʳšһ²˺汻ýƣһζ
Ѽõľ²˺ӼҶĸʱˣĨĨ֣ĨչƿЩεζҲǸˣôֵسţڴﵹưˮѽϺõһܿһˡ
ԭǸҶ̫Ҷ褺ȵģҶĸֻʢ룬׼ʣµŸȣҶȴͬ⣬ָҶĸҶֱʢһ롣
Ҷƾܣ屶Ҳǰ׺ȡ
Ҷ褿һۣ˷ѣ˺ȵģֻҪźúȾͲ˷ѡ
ǲڼرʺ庮֮ڶãһڵ¶ǣܸߺ䡣
Ҷĸֵ۾ãҺȡ
ﻹһЩȵ֮ȡҶ褿һչ˵
Ҳ֪ʲôʱܻˡҶĸڱԹжȴܳʵѸǸϣչŻС¯ϣСš
Ҷ͵Цһתͷ֮ǰϽͷΪֻһεϣԼرʣĿζѾ뵽ʹʶ塣
Եһ룬ҶͻȻڵѾͬҺˣдú飬Ϳﳤż֤
Ҷ̫һͷӦ˹ͦõġ
ҶƵӦһպ͵鷳ˡ
㣬ۼҵĺӣɶ鷳ġҶֹ̫ܵȢߵи֪֪ȵ˰ɣֻ񺣸룬Ҳ֪Ȱ
ǳ극ֵҶˣȵ̣Ϊܲ˼Ըι̵ĸ˴ҹɣһ㶼ϺһΣʣµʱҪˣֻܺ󿪵̣ʳʲô㡣


115 
ڶһҶ褾͸һȥ˴Ｏ, ǵʱˣҶˡ˶, Ҽ޳ȥŮǵɷ, Щ, Ϊ⻹Ǵһķޡ
ҶһλڱŹ֮ҶԼдõĺŵϣ˵ũӣȻǶдǰ, Ǵ׻ź鲢ֻм򵥵ٸ֣Ѻԭڳ׺Ը񲻺ϣҲǸʮ, ȫ淵ӡ
, ֽϻ¼źƲŮķ䣬˵ŮҶɸҶ, ֹĸ̽, ڲƲǽԭʳƽ, Ҷҹ黹ױȴù黹Ƹ
ʵ˵䲻㹫ƽЩƫŮҶ֣ټ淲ɿ, ֻһˡ
Ҷȳȫ, ſѯҶǶԺϵҪǷ飿
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ûˡ
һֱû˵, ֻǶҶҶһģѲǺˣ
淹һƿ۾ųҶͷʾԼҲûͬʱﰵģһҪҶҺҶͬ롣
˵ļ֤£ҶĴָɫӡָ࣬ӡںϡ
ӡûˣǷݺ鱻ղڴӵһҪֽļǵͼ֮ģصҵıҶͯ
Ҷ֮±Ҹһ䣬Ϳʼ׼е¡
Ǵѡƥǿ׳ȻǾʹɲнΪʲôƥҶֻܱʾȻѧղտֻƽȻǿԵģȻһ·ϱزܴƽ̹С̫ȫֻ繲һƥ
ȻУǾ͵ǰ׼ϣǸһ·ϲ֪ˮԴݵصȾΣͲܳԲݣֻܳ׼ϣкҲ۲ݡ
Ϊ򵥣ֻҪѽոѡ׸ˡ׿ȴɱӼɣǴ︾ֻ˶̶̰ʱ˶ʮԲһװһ¨
ǳ⣬ʳǴ﹫гģ۲ͷкܶ棬Ƕ濾ĸֱߣԵָֺ񣬵ǱڲȴпյģպԵʱ΢ȾͿ԰Ѹ·˺ʹ󽴼нȥ
ȻˣЩܳԣҶĸǾԲҶ褳ԵģԼڼһͷһӸҶ褴ϣΪ䣬ЩͷͰֻҪһ¾ܱ
ǳǸ죬Ǽڴ뿪
ҶߺʱҶͯҶϴ˿ܣҶҶ̫ҶɩȥҶĸҪȻһڼңЩġ
ҶĸҶͷϵñӴȻ˵·עⰲȫ
Ҷ褵ͷӦİɡ
ָһǱĿǷ
Ȼ첲Ҷ褽Ҷֻסޣܿ͸ǰеļˡ
һ·ܵٶȶ죬ϾϹװĿزػ˵ܵʱװѶ߳
ҶԭȻУ˰һ㶼ûȤˣŸϽ磬һᡣ
ȸĥۣ嶼Ϊʱ䱣һúܽӲټֲҶʱѰ
Ҷﰧ̾ʱ˵ҩȥͿһ¡
Ҷ褵Ķܵһɵɫһ죬ҲȻɫ
βŻʵʲôҩࣿ
ش𣺡Ϳڴȸҩ࣬Ұг´ģѪ٣պʺ㡣
ҶҲûöֻ첲лˣҶû뵽ȥҩ࣬Ҫ㣬һ·ҪܵòС
Ӧš
һ죬ҶűǷ̫磬еˡ
˵⻰ͰǰŲŲֱ·߿ȥһ·϶ŻѩѩвȹһӡǣҺƥ϶·ʱ׻
һ˶ſ֣Ҷȴһֱûŵζֻи¹¡
̫룬ǿҵʱڿϢˣҶѡһƬ˩ϣҶҷɢ
Ҷ褺ǸˮȱҶ褴Ϊ̫ãʱһ¡
ôʯȼ̺ҶѡԲεʯͷڻԱߣʯͷмܷһСùؿʯͷϡ
СܺúҶ浹ˮˮպˣȸΧڻߵһ˵һ̵ˮһ˶ʱ̾¶еͣȻʱһֱſ֣ٺ磬θһֱģȺһˮǻ˹
Ҷ˵ʱð˿˿ڵٶǴԼܵ
Ҷͷ߰ɣҲû¡
꣬Ҷ褱תͷǵǳԸɻͷ
ɣͷ̫СˣŲҶ˵
ҶҲ˵ԸɣҶʼ磬Ǿֻһ˳ͷˡ
ʳӿͳܹŸɺһͷðƤ֦ʯͷϣŻѲϴġžɺͷҲѿ˿ӡ
ʱ޴˳ϵǴ󶹽ϵŰߵĢ⽴˽֮⣬ҶĸΪ׼һ̳ɵ·ˡ
֭ĨڸɺͷϣҲԼ棬ҶĢ⽴⽴ûͷо･ůȣҧһ۾ͷƤΪ𿾹Ժǽ㣬ŵζ⽴ηŵö࣬΢Щ̣ûʲôζͷͺʺˡ
ѸһݸҶ褣
ҶҲûӹ֮ͷŵϸƷ治ָ֣Ӳ໹ζеǹһͲˣ
ҶĨҩǾͼˣһ·Ϸƽ˾ʲô¶ûҲûΣա
Ψһֵ˼һľϰӪկʱҶҵѲߣĳѩĳʪϿöƹצӡӡǡ
ҶҰڵϣͷβƶڵǵצӡ
ҶһȻǣԭǲҰĻǽȥˡ
õģצӡĥ̶жϣȺǹѾ뿪ˡҶǺ£ֲһ䡣
ָǰöצӡ˵ǸȺǵǲ١
СЩҪϸҹҶšü˳צӡŵķȥЩԤС
ǡ˷׷Ӧ
ҹﵹû⣬ҶҶϰҹҹʱҶ褾Ȼûס˯ˣҶҲû̺ϡ
°ҹֵҶҴҹֽżᣬûҶ褣籧Žȵ̸Ǿһûѣ̸Ǿøˡ
ŻѵϨһҹܿ͹ȥˣҶ̾ʣôûң
Ҷļ˵С廹ҹأʵʵ˯ɣȵ˻ɽҪæĵطŶ
ҲֻˣҶգգ̾Ϣһưסѣȷ治ðӣһŷĿĵн
л˵
ע
˵֮Եٳء̸֮Ļ֮Ϊ֮ǰԵʼ֮򸾡ԣǡԧ죬˫ɲϥչ֮أһġؽԵͣԹ϶
ԵϣǰԹҡĿԹԡԶĲͬѹһ⣬ἰףһɫ֮Ը֮ޣɨüɳ֮ˣѡƸ߹֮ŪӰͥǰЧɪ̬֮ԹͽᣬĪһϲǡԸǧꡣ
ԴԶػĪ߿1900һƴף
д̫ˡһϲ


116 ǿ
·ͬһһƽ, ȻҶΪצӡ˾ģһ·ȴûƵĺۼ⵹ǰķŻ˶, ȺǾżȻ, û·ͣ
Ǿ緢ɽԽԽ, ŵĴ̱ζҲԽԽŨҶ褼״ܿһͣһɽ
Զɽɽðİ̳˼ΣһֱҶֵʱתͷ˵ʯͷ߰, ǹȥʱʺϴһҪܣƥ׸
ȻֿԲΪɽѾڣֻҪڲı仯, Щٶ緢, С޴
ɡҶˬӦһϵʯͷϣ˳㻹˸ʵĽ, ȷѳ, ǵƥͷ, úôš
¶ˣҶſŽɽ˵ߣߴ
˵ǸߴʵȲûɽߣһʯͷɽҲܿɽĴ󲿷, ǻƤ´ֺ۾, ܿɽ, ңңȥ
νᵱپһɽС
Ҷ褽ɽھ۵ף漴ĿĴϲһһĺںɫӡǣҪû´ĻӦǻɽ緢ҽµĺۼͬʱڵϺԱߵɽϵĿһɫֲûУǱͻȻ緢ҽջˡ
һ˴񣬸пһɻ̵ľ󡣡
ɲǣҶΪȻﲻߣʮּžжﶼڻɽ緢ǰˣӲߵǾֻܱҽҽ
Ҷ΢΢һʯͷȥֻһֻŰɫʳʯͷȻϣôһ컹÷ï
Ǵɽ֮󣬻һۣγǰںͿʼɽŴ
ԽҶ褱ԽȣĵӿݣʱܿѾȴʯ飬󵽻ɽ緢ʱЩʯӻɽҽ緢ĳҽڵҳʮ׵Ŀӡ
ǰһ·ܿһӳ
Ҷǰ˿ôҳôĿӣ
Ҷ褻شӻɽ緢ҽЯ֮ʯԽҳĿӱԽ󡣡Щҽȴ󽫻ҽҡ
˵⻰գգ۾漴һιëϺˮӱǼ⻬£û
ۣƤºְ嵲ʵʵʱ򶼲˳ǲժ֣ΪɽԽζԽ̱ǣкҲԽࡣ
һ˵ɽʱѾһʱ֮ˣҶ̧ͷȥֻðŰ̵ɽ׳ۣûɽɽתһǴݲѷ죬ڲֱˤȥ
ˣҶҲСЩԸߵҲҪȵѷϣ˭֪Щѷ᲻ᱻˡ
˷׷׵ͷ
ɽϸ˵û·ֻܻʱʱʯҶҾͱҵˣҺ׳ֻǸ첲ϱҳ˼࣬أҪЩʯҶϾͲһˣٴοʼɽʱ򣬾Եøȷʯżн
ɽ֮ɽѾƮܣҪýǶ˵ݣҶ褸һֵĹЧȻŵŨصζȴȲҪõö࣬ŵζǺǡ
Ҷ褰˼ʱͻȻһ£عɻȥԱʾ⣬Ÿſȥ
һɫʯͷ
Ҷ߹ȥ˿ʯͷԭͳӦǴɽġ
Ƥף԰ʯͷϸһ¡
Ÿ־ͱҶסˣȻ˵ʲôҶ֪ͬ˼ȻͬǾˣҶջֻ֣Щ⵽Ǻֿʯ
һһʱڵɽȥҶ褾ͱŨǺԣòײͣ
ȵۿ΢΢죬òײŷĸ첲վȣƽ
ɽϲƽ̹ɽںͿӿݵĵ棬͸ðŨ̵ĻɽϡֳܿɫҽɽڱϾͲ˸ǿɫĿʯ
ҶҼҽһһ߸ߣ˵ŵúС·¾ҽһ㡣
ɽỹҪ緢ɣ
ҶšüһᣬȻɿüͷᣬҪû´Ļδ궼緢ˡЩɫҽڻɽҪû⣬ʱ״̬
ҽ޺棬ǶЩɫĿʯЩȡ
ɽҽɫʯ
Ҷ褵Ժһ飬ûͻȻ۾һЩɫʯͷĪǿʯ
ɽĿǿˣǵ;ɲء
ǿʯܹƳһֿҩģÿԽⶾɱֹб˴ҩģЧȻÿԲͨ㣬ҲƱغ鴭Ȳ֢
οԼӹɱβ溦Ƕ޺ͬʱΣʯɱ˵Ҫõöࡣ
/ҩԭϣǴȻûϹʲôϮܱ֤պһֱ˳˳ˮҪܰǿĻ/ҩǾ˵ƣǿжЩԱ֮
Ҷ褹Żɽ֮»ǿһ˵ȡ֮֮ߣҲǿطḻ
褡ֽһ
Ҷ˳ָȥɽһĳʱһĵһ뵽˵صʱ龰ҽŻȥɽһһĻӣҽѾȴںɫĺۼȴĿ
𾪵ǣһкⲻͨĺӦǵ°ӣǾҽȣˮˮڵͬʱϱʯҳΪкʢˮ
Ҷ룬Ӧú֮ǰȥɽһɽ緢γһһȪֻʱж̣ٹָ̬ͽΪůĶֲá
ʵʱǵ̽ͿԽˣҶ뿪֮ǰص˼ǿʯڿŽش峢һ
Ȼ֪ΪҶ褶ֻɫʯͷȤǶҶ褣ֻ˵һʯͷãһʯͷ
Ҳֻװ鲻Сʯͷˣɽ
֪ɽɽѣɽʱΪˤӣɽַǳ᫲ƽɽʱܽҶҶҴͷҶм䣬Ϻ
һ·ƽ£صɽʱҶĵһ¾ժ֣ںǺˮ˫ձѬ÷죬۽ë϶˺Ρ
ѵƤºԿѾʪ͸ˣȡ
˼ѸϣС
ȻֵݸһˮңװˮǴ·һϪȡտģϪûбȾ峺ϪСﶼͷˮ
Ҷһˮ֮һˮžԼ˹
ԷˣɽӦòٴ緢緢ҽҲǳŸ۴෴ķȥ
ͺáҶҸпһѾʪѻˣݲģҲ֪ɽ緢ǰʲôӡ
Ҷ褴Ӧú
˵ȥˣ磬ʱҶ褾ԼöܴˣѾüûϴˣһ·öûй
л˵
Ӧþæˣ


117 Ⱥ
Իϸ, ֺˮϢ꣬Ҷ褾Ϳ˵ˣ̫ûɽ, , ɽ̫, ΢Զһá
Ļû˻˾ͷ׷жˣʵҪʰĶҲûʲôֻҪѴӻɽһǿʯźüɡ
Ҷͷ, һ·ˡִӿͳӣιȥʵǼѾ˲٣Ͼ;ҪԺȣ˿ʳˮȻĵǸ
ԡ, ºʹ۾Ҷ, ͷſʼͷԱ
ƥԱһ˱㷭صԶȥ, ǺܿͰѻɽ
ش·ϵûʲôֵù׸, ǳԷ˯͸·, ֻΪǹƼٶȸЩ֮ʱ֮һʱ䡣
ҶңңΧǽʱЩȲ֮У뿪ӵʱ䲻, ȴоѾ˺ܾá
Ҷ嶼ܸ, شܵúúϢˡ
Խ, ǾԽ
ǵΧǽµʱ򣬴ѾƿˣոŵҶԸ˵İӭ
ڻˡ
Ҷ΢΢üҶԵЩңһΧҲЩԾԭǴΧǽȫѲߵģѾڽѲˡ
ֵܷ£ҶȻҲܷ֣Ҷݸ֮󣬾šüʵ﷢ʲôˣ
Ҷ̵ͷм£ҹԱ߾һֱǺ𣬵̫ǾûҳȥҲ֪ȺǲǶ׼Ǵ塣
ǣҶ֮һ£ôɰɣǸ·Ͽצӡˡ
ҶԵĻ˶ɫࡣ
Ҷ˵ȴŶؼңȥһ˼á
Ҷ褣ַԸҶԵȥһҶͯǡ
ҶԶʱӦһãֱӴܡ
ҶҲһȥתһ룬ڻڼأܲǸһؼҰɡ
Ļһſؼҡ
Ҷ̫ҶĸڣҶƿŵʱúҶĸۣҶĸֱ̼֮ҲԼֱֶͣΧȹϲȻסҶ褵ĸ첲ϸβֺǺǵ˵ƽͺá
Ҷϸƽ֮ſڽûһԭ򣬡ȥ˼ã˵Ҷ
ҶĸǺҶȥ򣬷Ѿ֪ǶƽˣϾܼ棬Ҳؼһʱ
ҶĸȷҶûˣָ˵أϽȥúÿ㡣
Ҷ褵ͷȥͷԼſء
״ϰѿ
ʱڵϾУһҳʰҶ˵СܽݣסҶ̫ĸ첲˵̣Һ㡣
Ҳ㡣Ҷֵ̫ƶ߳Բ˯õģ¿ڻˡ
Ҷ˵ǰһ·ϾֻܳԸ̫ˡ
ȾͺȡҶ̫ĸ첲̸㰾Сȡ
Ҷ褵ôߵҪȼ˺Ƭġ
úúãɶͼɶҶ̫ЦԽȰˡ
ֺǺǵ˻죬һֱҶ褾Լȫȥϴʱδͣ
ϴ֮ǰмҪǾǿʼʰĶ
һǿʯΪʱòϣҶ褱㽫䵥װ˲񷿵ľֿõͨ紦Ҫõʱֱȡ
ûĸɵǳԹˣҶĸͷʣ¼ֽʣףʵռҶԾֱӵˡ
ʰƤº֣Ƥ¾Żӣͷе̿ѾˣҶ褼гӽ˻ʹ̨Ļһ¡
ȶʰˣҶĸͷóЦ˵ȥϴ裬ϸǼͷƬԡ
áҶ褸˵ӦһоԼϵ඼ˣٲϴĻʵܲˡ
ҶĸʱҶ褸˵һȽȥϴˣΪŵůһ㶼䣬Ҷѵ·СĵݽľͰѱͰϣʱֻֻ̾оԼÿë׶ſˡ
һҶ褾Ͱͷ̧ľͰԱߵļϽһմɹ˹װżǷ۵ĻֻһôǾϴͷϴøɾ
Ҷ褵ͷ̣ɢÿϴʱͺ鷳õʱҲһµϴӡ
ϴͷ֮÷סͷʼϴ裬ϴõĶҲװչһֲҶĭǷ۵Ļ˵ǷһƷϴʲôõϣҶ褴ʱ򰵵
ѵʱֻԼȫ·ƮƮƵġ
һſëͷϣ˵ëҲǴĸƷˮЧܺã𽥴޲ΪҼһĳƷ
Ҷųëšͷ˵磬ϴˣ¯ˮҲպˣȥϴl
΢΢ףǰǵÿЩͷɣҪͷۡ
İɣͿʼҶӦ
ûأëͱ̸ӹȥˡ
̣ԼҶ褸ܾҶ̫Ͱڰ˵ֲɶ£Ұ
⻰Ҷ褾ûʲô˵ˣֻܺúСҶ̫Ĳͷ
һᣬʵôˣ
û£´˵ѾõòˣֻҪϸϸУҶ̫Ÿˡ
ҶҲŸǺ°أôû
󲮺ʹĸ뺢ӣѾӻؼˡҶ̫ʱϵĶҲûͣܿͲͷ÷
Ҷ褳ķ;Ƹβòÿ˵ͼһ㡣
ˡҶ̫޽ǵ鷢ҴȥЦ޵úӣ澫񣡡
ҶЦһ£պá
˸⣬̣Ǻû
Ҷ̫Żشҹ˵㶯ӴȻǺһΪˡ
Ⱥһǻû֪ͨҶ褰ҲͬĴȷʵɿֻš
ɫĴ𣬸ַ˵ζҲƮ˳
ҶұҶĸʱҶû
Ҷĸװ˺Сϣ˳ĨҶż㿪ڵϽϴֹԷ
ҶӦһá
ͼͷƬմ˼ҺͷƬñƣƤִҶĸ΢΢ЩͷƬζС͸˵ˣǴʳζƬһ˿ζȻζȴҪҪ࣬ҶֱӺ룬Ҷ褺Ҳ⣬һ˺롣
˶ͷԷһߵ͵ƲʱڡԾһ£û˵ȴ쳣ܰ
극Ҷ˵ϺúϢҵõȥһˣҹͲ˯ˡ
ҶüʣΪȺ
ǰҶûǣ̾˵ҲʲôûѾϵ˳忴Ǵ帽￴ҵצӡɲأ˵жʮǲ˯ˣ¥ϵţȺǻ᲻
ȺǾǸҶһ˵ҹûҲܱ֤պ󶼲˵ˣһ˳ȥȺǺá
ҶӦһ˵ȺǴʼѪʵΣգȿҹǻ᲻ɣʣµľ͵ٿʱۡ
Ҷ˵ȡ˼˵ͬ⡣
Ǹ֮ҶĸҶѣű˵Ͻȥϴ裬ġ
ҶҲţǣҶûע⵽
ȥϴʱҶĸһ䣬úúô꣬ˮһϴˡ
֪ˡҶңң
ϴȥ˴ڣҶҵһ¥ϵȴȺĵ
ȻϵǣһҹƽˣҶԭǰҹʱ򻹺ܾ裬ǳ״̬ΪһֱûҹͲ˯ˡ


118 ׼
Ҷؼҵʱ˼, ȺѲɻȨ⣿ֻһΣӷܣͲ
˼, Ϊһҹû˯, Խ˼ͷԽ, һֱҲûȻ
Ҷ褳緹ʱһúǳȥצӡҪҵ͸ˡ
ҶüĻɣһȥҵ˯һ, Ӷǻġ
ҶĸԸʢһ࣬Ͻȥ˯
˵ͷԷ
Ҷڰ꣬Ҳ극һȥ˺ҡ
, ˵ʹǹȥ
˵ǴΧǽϿһС, ԱľԵͰӣƽƽ棬ϾԵøڹ, ҡҷ֦ͶӳӰͶϴİѻ, õС˲Ҵд
Ȼ, Ҳû˻ںߡ
ŵĴкǱˡ
ߵʵڲ㣬˵ֲʲôľϡúܣҾҪֱӿ, ŪʲôĶС
鲻, Ҷ褿һ, պҪٷ£ӻƽԭȽϺãٿ
צӡǻ߸Ҳܵ
Ҷ褸ߵʱעϣƬľ֦ʮϡ裬ټ䣬һƬҶûУԵ÷ǳ壬ż˻ƵĽҲ֪ġ
߱ѵСЩע£ǰ﷢һʬǣѾ˺ܶˣҲ֪ΪλһٲסˣҪȺŵζǳǶҲ
ʬǣҶüʣǾʬĶ
شѾˡ
Ҷ褽ʣʲô
Ǽش𣺡ͷһݣӦײʯͷϡ
ǵһһУ˺ܿߵĿĵأһƬľԣľవɫСӡ
Ҷ褶ڵϸ鿴צӡ·ϿһģһųͬһȺǵĿܡ
ǿѯʵµķ֣
Ҷҡҡͷ⿴צӡֻܿȺ٣ʱ
˵תͷ磬ʲôͬʱצӡǿʲôҶ褾ûһԵȴ
֪˶ãڳҶָ֣֮צӡ㿴ʲôͬ
Ҷϸȥצӡ˴Сһ⣬ƺûʲô𣬵˽磬ûаյĻ˵ڣһ˵ʹ
Ҷ褾ͼ۲죬ߵǴצӡ֮ұҪСһЩҺۼҲҪǳ
ȵȣҶͻȻʶһ£ֺۼϵĲ𻹲ΪǵͬµģΪߵצӡ渲һұߵצӡȴûǡ
ڳԭ
Ҷʶµʱ͵ش˸ԭֻһǾצӡڲͬʱģͬʱһ죬Ҳʹʵǹֻһֱûз֡
˾ҶҲ뵽ˣȺڲֹȷ
һǻۣҶﲹ
Ǻ˵һ£ʲô
ĵΪ͵צӡʪ̶Ȳ߽ͬˮɫЩұҪǳһЩҹʪȸߣұγ֮Ӧûһҹ
жϷʽͬ;ͬ顣
׹Ȼ֤ҹȺʵˣ
Ҷ褵ͷûȺǶǴˡ
˵վһܣֻоӰŸΣգ˲
簲οû£ֻҪȺˡ
Ҳ˵ȺҪǸϮҲǳصģй/Ϳ
Ҷ˵һ֣ĵʵȺϮȺȻǱȲ࣬˵ǻռݵ¥ϾӸ£ֻҪѻȥ͹Ⱥһˡ
ǵǣȺǻ۳̶Բ̫Ծеְô
ôҲûãǵȻش֪ͨȥ
ڻش·϶ܰи£ҶźЩһ޲̸ȺһսģЦá
ش֮ҶѹҶ褱ǵķһһʮĸ
Ҷǵķ֣¾д˶㳡ϡ
Űĵ㳡վˡ
ҶǽԭȻӽտʼʮλΪһ飬ֳʮ飬ŰÿʱѲߣһҪȷÿѲߵλ©
ʣ¶ʮλΪһ飬ֳǰŴţÿһʱֻȺͭӡ
Ƕʮॵ꣬ǿ׳֪º󲻽ûк£ۿɼļҶԻ룬һĵôô󰡡
⣬ǵӦڵ֪Ⱥ̻֮Ȼˣ׷׿ʼͷӶֵ־ȣ֪Ǻá
ҶûǶȣַԸҶźڴڼ壬Ҫḷ̌ǵǧòݵס
ҶӦİɣ¾ͽң֤Ⱥ޻ء
ҶҶңĻӦ㿪ʼԸˣڴݶӣһȺϮӾͰѻӵݶϡ
ڴŵС񼸸ѣϵ
㵽ֵ˾ͷ׷׿ʼжҶҺͺ˿ʼ壬Ĵһÿ֮õһݶӣһĸЩͰζסˣȺǻ۹ߣǻܿȼŻĲݶ⣬м䴩мľ̵壬һǾҲˡ
ڵȻʱҲûţҶ´ҶԵС࣬Աͻѡ
ЩͻɼƤģһ׸ߣϵ¶Ϳ֬Խȼգû⣬֧һҹ
ǴѵļôЩʵ죬ʹٵ֬ȼʱ䡣
ȻˣЩ̶һ϶ǸɲģȺڽһֱû֣㹻ʱ׼
ûؼҸˣǴ˸Ϣ
عø˵ǻͷϰһȼֻҪȼͻȼùȥͨĹ/Ҫ󡣡
˻Ǳ˻
Ҷһᣬİͨľȫֻϡеûни
µӵջǺܽͺиաʼͷƵģҲƽ洦ɼľ󣬼ҼһŴգһĴЩ紵ݶдȥ鿴ҹﶼ⣬°ҹѲߡ
⼸ѰʱҶ褸ҶͷʱڱԹʲô°Ҳʹ죬˵Ӹۣڶʲô˼
ҶͬɲǣҶȺϽ˭˯ȡ
ҶҲôģܣһš
Ǳı߳ԷԵһͻȻҶԼ𣬡ˣ
СֻҶ⻰̰ʳڵϣ¥⿴ȥ
ȻмֻεЩǴһɺݾͷ󣬶ǰ׸ߣĵģֱ
Ҷѹ˵ǺɽûӵǣǴӱĵطġ
Ҷ²Ϊ˶ܻɽ
²˶ͷ
ҶżֻΪ࣬æԸȥȱ˯ˣȫ˶еá
ҶµӦһ漴ʼҰؿʼ֪ͨ
ҶҴ˶֪أû飬׷Ŷӽ˼ãǶװ¡
Ų˵ΧڼõǽߣһиһǾǴӵһߡ
Ƕûȥãһֱ¥ϾؿӣǼֻû뿪ԽԽ࣬඼վǣҶ褴һǵߡʮֻ
һɱΪҪ˺ü
ɫڣó֮˱㽫һȼѾȼĻ䵽͵Ĳݶ棬ֻ̼䣬ĸݶⶼҵȼĻ˰ա
ȺƺǱŵˣϵǺ˲ֱü
ʱһţСüȺǾôס
һֻشûҪ֪Ⱥ֮ŽΪӵȺ𱰷Ҫǳһվǰ档
ǰҶ΢΢šüȷʵû
뵽ͻȻʶһ£ʱûȥأһһҪȺͳˡ
ҶʻͷģʦѾȥˣǱ߱˻࣬ͷҲмһǡ
Ҷ褿һ磬ͷ˿
Ⱥûôֹ˰ʱɫԽ谵ʱڳˣһͷƤëڵ÷Ķǣɢ׺
ءֻһǺȺǿʼŴڿ񱼶
Ҷ״һӣȼ


119 ȥ
һ, ¥֧ɳ۶£ͺһ㣬ųĻβڿ񱼵Ⱥ, еǰһڵ, ˲ϯȫ, ںߵǱǰֱˤڵϣƤë䵽ǵĻ汻ȼγһƬ𺣡
ǵĻԴԻη, ˺ϮڵȺƹ˼ȼĲݶӣú˴ӵ⣬ֻƿǷ׷׵ںõľǵ壬漴һ̺ʹİ
ȥ, Ⱥܿͻᱻ, Ҷôţɿʱ򣬴ͻȻַ˱仯
һ޴Ǻ, ʣ¶ʮֻǾͲǰ, ʼ, ȫߡ
һ¥ˣȻʹʣˡ
ҶüʣҪҪ׷ȥ
Ҷʻšü˵һǳȻѾסǣһ򾡣͵СȺı
ֶͬҶ褵Ļ, նݾҪ, ּǳ
ʱͻȻԸµȥȺ, ҪҵǵϳǾܽȫ
⻰һҶǸҶһۣȻſ˵ǸΣյ£ˣͷԿϺۼжǵϳںδѰۼ˶߱ļ
ȻǶͬ⣬ֻܷԼ뷨
˾Ϳʼʰڲо֣ʮֻһƤëջˣСֱۣʣµһ뵹ܰƤǲֻ֣Ҷİ壬Ƥƺ֮ǰݲз䡣
٣ȫ˶ֵܷֻҶ褾ζ̫ãǼҾûҪ̫࣬ΪպƤɣǼҾͿԶһЩ
֮⻹Ҫ֪װֻȡһֻֻĿʮֻȡһһʮͦģǴҪװεĴһ־Ͳʣˡ
ҶҲҪһţϴɾ֮˸ףƤȥһͱǸԼģ˼Ҷ褾ĲϿ
ҶԼҲһţǺϲպúͷǲؼյһ졣
ȻˣЩԺ飬Ȼص¡
һƬǽ壬رյڣڵüþƽŶ鷳ȼĲݶֻʣҽǼ򵥣ֻҪɨһ鼴ɣĻľƵģˣҲû취ջأҲƲ˷ѣԭвľĻȼﶼ߳ģҪĻͺá
ʰоֵʱҶ褾ûˣһҹû˯ʵǰȥصҳ˸ӾɴϿʼ˯һֱ˯ѹ緹ûԡ
ˡʱҶĸùѣתԽӻ⽣
⽡Ҷش𣺡Щ
СҶĸӦһ
ҶĸģȻ˯òãҲ϶˯ʱ˰첻ǺҶҶ褲ʱͿʼɻˡ
ڵ⽣ŰҶ褳Եú㣬һʮ˸ȫˣŵֱá
ҶĸεĳһɽˮһԵģٺóҲһԳŰ
Ҷ˵ûԷЩˡ
ȺɽˮȥԷҶĸ˵ûҶ褻ػͽŲҴҵĽݡ
ûһҶͳˣ˱ѹŸҶ˵Ǵ˵ѰȺĺۼ򲻸ˣǺܿҵȺ뿪ķҵôŴȥһˡ
Ҷ⻰һ£Ȼǵ˵ҵȺѾ뿪ˣȥпܻ˸ա
Ҷ̾ɣҪ뿪Ҳû취ǽЩʱͲҪȥˣܹԸ㣬ʵʵڴա
ô˵ҶȴЩܣҪԼѡڴﻹãǱȵģ˺ܲˡ
֮顣
Ҷ⽵ʱҶͻȻ뵽£šüѵҲܴ⣬ӵźѲߡ
ҶԵͷģѾ׼ˣжʮڽѲߡ
Ǿͺá
Ҷ¿αϣƷɽˮһʱķãɽƬݳ֭ѰˮȾ˺ɫûǻ߷ۣȻ𣬵ǡôĿζ
ʱǳԷȲнˣɫĴڵȼ˻ѣ˰졣
Ҷ褿һ۴ߣֻоԼӶüˣ֮ҹ̾
ҹȷʵߣΪĻ⡣
ΪȺΪѾ뿪ȺͻȻȥ
Ҷ褰ҹ˯ʱ
޴ޱȵ˲ѹ
տʼΪԼΣֱһŷӦˡ
ϮϮ
ĵȺѾǽλŴ⣬Ҫ뿪ӡ
Ҷ̷𴲣ϣųȥĻ硣
Ҷæ˵ڼţҳȥǧǵðŴˣҪǽԺӣǿԶ㵽ؽ
ȻؽѲͨ磬ʱǶһʱ仹ǿԵġ
Ҷ֪أӦǣڼܰȫֻȥҪСģȺǶǳǷǳ׺ݡ
Ҷļ磬úӣչ˺
뿪֮Ҷ褰ѴϣһݵҲصʵʵֻ˸ܿԺĳֻҪһֻǽͻһؽ
ʮȻ˶ں¡
Ҷĸɵôǵ˵Ҳ֪Σ
Ҷüͷ΢壬ɻǣȺôǽģǽҲдֵأֻǲΧǽ˶ѲʱƵ
ʱûܹ
Ҳֻڼҡ
һҹߡ
ڶҶƣĻؼңȫ˶ʱ뿪ΧǽȻѾϮȺĲˣǲܱ֤û©֮㡣
ҶȺν⣬ûи𰸣ֻ˵ΧǽŵĴûпȺΧǽϵŻѣҶǲſȺȻˣҺǴΧǽ磬ָֽʵȺĴûԽǽ壬Ҳûаǽײ
ٵùǺҲ֪᲻Ӱݵ
ϾǶԸȺõľǻǵƤëǺܺõһȼΪǶ죬رʵҵûֲ˵׼ͻ
Ҷָüĵʱʶüˣ̷üЩ˵ڶ࣬Ҷü
ôǣӹȻ¶࣬õķ룬ٴûгִ
⵹ǡҶ˵ʱüͷɿֻмλ˺Сŵˣ̫ã˶û¡
˶˵øϽҵȺνΧǽġ
⻰ΣͻȻӵΧǽǲ©
Ҷϸ£пܡ
Ǵ޽ΧǽʱûΧǽģ֮ҪһЩͬʱҲ񣬾ôЩķ紵򣬻ǰӵϴҪǳ©Ҳһܵ¡


120 
, ҶΧǽתһȦͿһǽǿĵطи, ǹ, ڸתһȦ, ܿڵϷצӡ֤ȺǴġ
Ҷ˻ͻȻʵߺǵȻؽĵط
⻰ｨ̵ͷ, ǵġֽ͵ؽʱûдĴ⣬ȻûשҲˮġ
Ҷ΢΢üⶴģŲȻγɵģΪ
ѲǴƻΧǽ˵Ҫ, ɵͷʩ
Ҫ֪Ϊƻӹ, ɵĺΪأڣȺӶΧǽ, ҪǴڻһ̵Χǽ, ý붼֪, ȫ嶼˲ء
뵽£ȻҲ뵽ɫԽ
ҶҲ⣬ԸʱΧͷʱҳ
, ·ڸƵ, ֻֻ۵ͻȻǵ, ž͵ǰȻͷӶﴩȥһӦʮᳵ·ǳġ
ҶüͷһʵļҵĹ
ػش𣬡ɫĺҵġ
ԶԣҼǵúɫҶҵġ

ܿҶ֪˭ġ
ֱӽ˰ѹסˣȻ˰֪ͨ˵㳡칷
Ҷ褵֪º󣬸һۣһȥ˹㳡
廧˼սսĹʱͿ̨վˣ࣬Ǳһ
Ҷżɽʣ˭ΧǽڵĹ
Щû˳ϣ׷ƾܣе˵ʲôҲ֪Ҽҹ첻żңҲ֪ܵĶҰȥˡ
˵һңǿɱԩˣȺʲôϵ
⻰һҶ褾̿ȥ˵ӣôҶЩ룬һӾǽʣµļ˼ңҶҶҴԭĴ⣬Ǻģҿź죬ڻɽʱҪش塣
ֹһ˷£ҶЦһֱӷʵ˵ȺǴӹ𣿡
Ⱥ˼ûʲô棬ôһʣ̲֪ýʲôˣǻǲ˵ʵʼձŽ
Ҷʹɫ򸴿źۼصͷ漴ǰһû˿Ǿˣֱɣ±Ͼϵȫ壬ǻٿʱ֪ͨȫˣӡ
˲һȻҶûסµ㲻ܰӣҿ汲ҶҴ壬Ҷ϶ýһ硣
΢΢һЦº͵˵ֻҪ¸ȫˣʲôݶûá
Ҷ̻ȻʱתڵҪܽȡڴ
Ҷ⻰·ץһžһ㣬̿ڵ˵˵ҳģΧǽԭУǰֵģҼҹȷ֣ܰܣϻʱֻͨܵҰҰѼҾһֻ۱һֻۣҪ֪һɲʲôغ
˵Ҷ濪ʼԩ治֪ǻӹﴩʯͷס˰ϸ
ʯͷҶɻʣʯͷǹλ¶ߣֻҪϹӶܿ
ܡҶնػش𣺡ʯͷԶ½ȥģԲѶ¶
۵ʱҶڹ۲ˣܿӼ˵Ͽһ˿飬һˣ䲻֪ǲǹģȺԾǻԲڴ
ҶǱǸˡ
ۣˣҶҴݲ⼸𣬻뾡ʰ뿪
䣬Ҷͺҿ磬һڰ
Ҷתͷֱ̣ʱ˵ҷŷţͷٿȫ˽о顣
Ҷ⻰Ƿ˼֣ϾҶȫ嶼մ״ʣǽо鶨ܰӡ
뵽ʶض㿪˵Ŀ⡣
Ӽ˱³ƾʲôֻǸϳӣı˽ѵΪҶ뿪
Ҷһı˽ôˣȫУҲǱ
ҶӵĻ̷Ҫ˵ֻһѣͱȥˡ
һҶ̬ʮǿӲ˭鶼ֻһ仰Ǻǰ뿪顣
仰˼Լ뿪ܰѼﶫߣҪô֣ǾͱŴ뿪
ο˭飿ԴҶѵǰǼ˼ҿԳƵ˺춼˵Ƿӱ¿ˮ˰ѱõԺֵŶҳ
ԭ˵Ҷйأ˵ǺӵĶӺȥйأǱķģǱȾ컨û
Դ·֮Խƫִ϶ҶҺҺǼҺӡ
˼ҵɸвͬеȡҶΪҶҴĴ峤еǲҶҴȫҶ˰ѳ֡
ǹ֮һʣԭֻڿͷϱԹڮ٣ֱȺϮи½ԭǺںسǵĹȻԴӺںûˣҲûȨҶҴǸСӣǺںع˵峤쾭壿
Ⱥʵû̫࣬Ҹڸδ峤ҲҶ£Ҳû뵽ȺȻĻӹ
ô˵Ǵ˾ٶġ
ҶЩЩɻѵ˲
ģֻûټǰʱ˶æҶˣѲߵЩиŵǴһֱû˷֡
˴ѲߵĴҲܵӦĳͷҶպþȷһƶȣҪȻȫԾʱܻҡ
ܵĳͷͬᣬǶûϾҲԼ©Ѳ߾Ȼû˷Χǽһ
Ǽ˼ҶΪžУѲҶܽ˰Ǹϳ岻ɣ
ʵ֤ҶõԶֵĵҶңҶֱӴ˰Ǹϳ˴ӣҪ飬ʳǴߡ
һȺԹص뿪֮ҶԸȥͣںδǴڶԴӲΪͻ֪ͨҡ
Ӧ֪ˡ
Ⱥ˵뿪뿪ˣҶĺ˵ӱϱˣڴúúõģƫƫҪ¿ɺãȫ˶˳ûɷͶӣϥ»һԭúúõģжŮ٣ûȢ޵һץһѣҲǲܶޣŮٳЩҸ˼ҼˣһûסžͿʼ˸ģһҶҴȻǲٻȥһʹŮһ뿪ˣ׼ȥͶǡ
Ҫ֪һ뷨ͬЩֻƽӣΪȫҪˣԹԡ
һһȺ˱ֳ
ֻ˵ʹֲã˱˺ݺˣߵʳ󲿷ֶ˱˵ĿڣҲ֪᲻뻢ıƤ
᲻ڣûϵˡ


121 
Ҫкܶ, ޲Χǽ˹ȥϸ۲ʱŷΧǽѾϸСѷ, һͲܼ޲, ֱܹƵؽ
ֻ, ʵڲʺǾʱֻѹʯϣػ֮, ٽдؽ
Ҷ褻һ飬ҶҴֱԳԺͰճǳصı׼޽
һ˲͵ȫ˵ͬǶԼԭȲܵسǾסлܳΪ, ҶҴҲ
˶ͬ, ˾ڼ￪˸顣
һǳг⣬ӦĹйҶ褿ڵȻλõǿͨѡѡ
Ҷû˵, ֱߵҶͯȲͬǰ, ȻʵǸ, ֻѡǺ⣿
ôдȻͶƱƱߵѡҶ褽Ϳ˶˳˼
ҶȴƳĬ˵Ȱѿܶ
ھʯͷ, ΨһԲοľҽڵľ߳, Ǿ߳ǵĻָǰû, ֹǴѹµƣǲ̫á
Ҷ褾ԽԽãôĿĹְ˾˼Ҳͬһ㣬Ĺְͺܼ򵥡
ǳ֮Ǹٺ͸λĹ١
֮λѺ˾ֱԡѲߡ̷սԺѲ򵥣̷սҪһЩ
̷ִִ˾ţﵫд޶ɷ֮ˣͻǽץܵӦĳʹ߷Ǯߴ߱壬̣ȻˣڱʱֻһǾǱ˴ӣǳأ
սͲ̫һˣֻɳһУб䶼Ҫ룬ƽĶز٣ÿ±䶼һαպǨҪ׼
ĹˣǲûִȨֻаȨ˻ƺ⣬Դպ̰۷Ŀܡ
Щ⣬һ첿ţ쳤ٺĹƽŵǾְ̰Ϊ
Щһһг֮Ҷ˿⻹Եİ汾ýһŻ˻ܾͼ򵥵ö࣬˹ǼܣֻҪѪ⼴ɣڳƺͻ롣
ѪͰĹҶ褱ֽ̿ддǸ˿ڵǼǡֵǼǶһصǼǵȡ
ʱɫȻϸƮ䣬Եø塣
Ҷ褺ϱӣӻȻ˸¶ȺֵЩ
״ѻ̿鲦˲ȼ
Ҷͯëڱʼϣ˵˵ֻҪһ¾ˡ
ҶĻͷãɫˣȻؼϢ
⻰һܿûˣҶ̵ʰֽʣڰתͷҶڰ֣֪Ҫ˾ûһߡ
ಱ˵⼸ۡ
춼õͷŻɷǿǽ˵ģôȥԼþ׵ȻҡͷԵĶ鷨õģٶԲӺá
䣬Ҷ褾͸оһֻ΢ϣƿصĸоɵö¡
֡Ҷ褰ԼĲȳ
Ҳûط֣Ц˵ȥҰ㰴ĦտǺܲġ
ҿɵúúһ¡Ҷתתӣסĸ첲²˵˵ӣؼҳԷ
ӣʵ
ǰҶ褱ק߱ݣǰ֮ǰֳɹɺ͸һͬ㣬ŵůﵹˮ̶ˣҾζ㣬ʱ򡣡
һҪ
Ӧá
ſڵʱѾŵһɴ̱ǵζҶ褳ӣ齷ζ齷ǻǳõĵζϣҶϲڿζصĲɫϣŶ֮ġ
źҶ褾ͿҶĸϴӣæϵİ¹ȥæ
ۺɫѼˮƮԵЩֻ࣬Ҫ۴ˮһϴɾˡ
ϴѼҶ磺Ҫʲôϣ
պҪԼģһ֣һ֥齴һɽ͡סʹлϵ͵
صһ
ҶӦһǺãҸ͵
ССһźɫĽͺʹסĥĭࡢ̵ĴлȥɫḻˣҶź룬Ҫͻ;͸ˣպϸһЩ
һϣһҶĸϲԵ֥齴
뵽ݵʱ򣬾ͿѾҶĸů˵ˣɫ֭ཹðݣľҶײҶˮչľеñеƬиֶƷоҶϲԵĶ϶ڹ̹һ֭ڸмѡ
ʣµļǷŲͬĻˣбƬƬѼѼ⣬ǰԵġ
ҶĸַڶϣкҶ褵ˣȳԡ
ҶǸһ˵һ̲裬Ȼ³Է
Ѽ˵Ѽиɣ°£̳Ѽִۣرóԡ
仰˵ѼҲ̺ˣϵѼӷۺɫɫֻҪ͵һ£մպϡ
Ҷ褽ŽȻϤζ㣬ǼԼֵֻǵζҲرԡ
Ǽܳ磬Ǹ¡մ˼̻ˣĳƵ治ɫ
ڣҶѾʼˣһڣɫģҪ촽Щڳ
ϻƬʺΪζϸǹȥһͺܺˡ
Ҷ褰ѹ̺õƬеʼͷԣ촽ͨ죬ڲͣء˻˻
Һֱ߾̲裬òеʱ̲һڡ
ȷʵҶĸҲظпּһ䣬ǳóԡ
һԵòˣǾͿ԰ټЩˮԡҶĨѺ˵һٷĹðˣɴ˿ɼж
Ҷĸɵ᲻̫ˣҪһһԣ
Ҷ褰ڰ֣ô鷳ֻҪȥͺˣʣµͲô
УȳҪ̫ͱˣҪȻϸöۡҶĸҲһ̲衣
ǳԵһҶðˣȫȫʪģҶʱŷѾưô꣬ǳԵ̫ԣû
վͱҶֹˣȥٹԷ
ɡҶĸ⻰ˡ
Ҷ褳ûݣʵʲôϣ
Ҷңң֥齴
Ҷܰ³Էʱܸ̾оԽԽæˡ
˰ɡҶĸʢһƬС
Ҷȥ֮˵ۣȽ֮ǻۡ
ҶЦ˵ⲻ߶ͣǸߡ
ϣ˰ҰɡҶ˵ͿʼͷԣԲʣµĲȴûԱ
Ҷĸȫ˳֮󣬽ߦ½ȥɫڹ
ȻǲѳԵģǴнǡôֻҪÿӾպһ¾͸ζˡ
һӶ극Ҷ褱Ҷĸϴ룬ȴܾˣڲϴˮһݣݵ֮ϴøɾ
ʱҶ½Ҷ褹ȥҶšü˵ҸҶͯһΪΪãѡЩʡ
Ҷ褲źۼ̾Ҳ֪ǲѡƵģϾǴֻˣٵͬʱҼһϵҲܽܣҪǽѡٺ׳ְӵвֶ֮ξżʡ
Ϊĵ¸Ӱպ˶ˣͿԿʼȣȻһжôܱȴķ⽨ƶҪá
Ҷ˵ҲǣǷˡ
Ҷļ磬תƻǳصֵǿʹַʽ࣬ûʲôõ飿
Ҷ褳Σ֣ص˵Ψ֡
ϣ˼ҶΨԸպ˳ϣҪԷ
ҶظʣȻ޵ȻǸԢ⡣
£Ҷ褾׼ȥҶĸϴ룬ȥʱ֪ѾϴˣѾŻԭ
ֽ֣Ц˵Ҹ㰴
ðҶȻܡ
ſڴ¶۾ֻܸо΢˫ִǡôӲһ·򣬺ܿͻΪͷʹ
𣿡
Ҷ褸յһͷͱֹˡ
ȱ𶯣ٰӼɡ
ӹȥ֮ҶѾڻ˯״̬ǻˢ£˯ˣˣҲǱѵġ


122 
ʵ˿ڲ, ֮ǰҶ褴Ӻ֪ÿһǵ˿ڶ㲻϶࣬ڵĳԳѾƵϷһ, פ˿Ҳֻһ, СЩľ͸˵, Ӽٵǧ˶С
Ҷ˼Ҫ˵˿ģӦҪǺ;߳ǣǰ˾Ǹ˿, СĴ۾߶ԸסϾһ˵İȫСطԱġ
Ϊ߳һ͵ı߳ǣϣԼߣ֮Ķ, ټҽʿڶ, ھ߳Ǽţһ߳ԭĳͲ, ˵, ˡ
뵽, Ҷдֵֶ˶٣˵ѹ˿ʵ㲻ö࣬ڣ֪ѹ˿ڼҲſڣǸˡ
Ҷ褰Щ¼¼ձ, дռǵϰ, һϳÿռ¼, иƽէֵ⣬ռǱÿһҳýճͻǩдһҳҪݣպҪ뿴ֱǩһҳɡ
ռǱźãճžҶĸҶɩ
ҾҶͦõģǳ׶ԭҶҴ壬ڽҶãҶɩ˵߸ɻ
Ҷĸ˵ҶͦõģǴɲֻҶģˣҺ˾Ͳ٣ŵ֧֧һҲǴǲԸҶǡ
ҲǣǾ۱ȡļҲҶɩҶֺ߽Ǻǵ˵
ҶòĴкȻϰ棬û뷨ֻǸֶѣʲôࡣ
˵ʵ׼ճ
ҶĸӦǰüﻹЩͰ棬Ҿճԡ
ճ򵥣Ҷĸʱ򻹸Ҷ褽˸ϰףʵҲϰף㵱Уǰ˵ѡ˾ҪѡòáԸº͵ˣ˵˷ã˿˿ġ
Ҷ棬Цճһóԡ
ҶĸԿһۣûסҲЦʳָĶͷ龫һ𡣡
ʱҶڰ趹ɳڣУҺ͵˵Ķʵ
õճ߶һ޾ͶӲˣҶĸصؼһЩ͵լ˺Ӷζ
Եʱڹ͸ճͱŴװŻƶһܳˣҶ褳Եʱ̵ֱóԣǷŵö࣬һ㶼壬մŻƶһܳ
ƽӴŹ˰£ڰѳǳصȷˣҶϣȻǼͻΧΪպǳص֡
ʵһҲûֲ뾺ѡҶǡǡǡճǣĸм֧ռһ룬ҶǺͷոռ֮һʣµĲ顣
Ҷ褵Ǿ÷ճͦõģԢҲãǼӱ
ڸֹ֮Ҷǻãǻٵһʱн
֮Ҷ˼£˲һȻ󲨡
йزóغͷ˵ǰߣʵԴ֮󣬴ߵѾչ˵ˣҶǼԭʮĶֳȥģߵȥټϾӽԶ޷մѾӲݣڰķϵ״̬
Ҷ󣬾;ⲿس乫Ȼˣģһʻ֣㹻һͷţá
ȻҶΪ峤ѾͷˣȻҲӦߵʵϵЩѾкüûȥֹػߵúܣЩĵػȡֵҲǼֵõ¡
ҲǷֵúú˵˵ҶպµķƶȣﵫʮҾҶҴ壨˵պǣĺͯŮԿɷֵĶĵأҪֵĻֻҪпѼɣҪ֪ĶֳʳѾ㹻һһĳá
ӦģŵȻҲȱ㣬ȱǸĸж֮һ乫ʣ¶֮һŻᰴմͳз䣬ʵϸһ㣬Ҳ㲻ûϢϾ乫Ķ֮һ࣬ͯǷֵĶĵؾֲȱڡ
ͶҲµķƶȣǻᰴͷֵһĶ㹻Ĺף㹻ĻȥһǾͿ仧ȨֵĶĵء
¸ô۷׷ף۹ۣȴû˲ͬϾպ󶼻кӣ˵˳ԿռˣӲ˵Ļ峤ҵǳԿˡ
Ӿڴǵнţʱ䳤תůؽⶳĴˮʶ̵ѿ֦ͷð˴ˡ
ڴٺҪĵһ¾ǹ۲ⶳأǼҪЩûбʴʴˣʴĳ̶Σ費Ҫ޸
ǳµʱ䲻ټ֮¹ưôͶëѩʱϡˣص㲻ֻҪķзͺѷʣȻʩڵＴɡ
Ҷ褼ҷֵͬˣҶҲæˣǵȴǼҵԼֿ϶鷳ֻҪʳ˾ͼ򵥵ö࣬ʵ͵ҲĻǣ˵ǹӶ˵ǰæҪҶִҪ꣬һһ㶼ҪҪΪ׳Ļǿ͸Էˮһ򵥣ûܸꡣ
˵ҽ꼸춼ҳԷŴҲǼ¡
һҲ͵ֲأûܸ꣬ţֻҪ־һ죬ţǸֵĺûơ
ǼȻô˵Ҷ޷ֻøҶĸ£ʱǵԷ
˽Ҷĸ㻻ŷˣʲô⡢Ź֮ģǴˣƽһˣȴԵüһͣ˶˺ü
ѷʡ֡֡
ʱʱ̶̿衹ţţĴȴֹţ磬;ϢιǳϻߺˮţԳƵǴصĲƲ
¶ʱѾ³ԽϺЩ䣬Ѿסˣûϱ£ȫ¶ᱻ͸
ԭǻ뿪ģǼƻϲϱ仯ǰЩӷֻʱ˿ĵ뷨źеؾѾǺܺõˣҪջһʳǾ͸ˡ
ʱҶͻȻ£֮ǰִӻڵؽҲ֪ܷܲѿ
뵽Ѽ˳ˮҪûǴĻֱַͷ֦͸ӡ
ѿֻͷӣҶźźȴôȣ֦͸ᶼǲ/ٵģʱǱˮͣڵؽţҪǻܷѿǾĳƵ漣ˡ
ͷҲ֪ܲ˳ɣֻҪܳɾǼ£Ҳֻ˷һضѣܹܡ
л˵
ǰȥҽԺΪ¾ûճҩˣʹʹһ죬ʹ÷QAQ


123 ÷
Ҷ褼ԼֵĶǸʳ, ˮСΪЩͰףǵǲô, Ҫ˱Ƚ϶, Ѿôʳ, ϾΪʳȼߣȲϣֻڼ԰һּɡ
﹫еҲʳˮСʳ, мŴ׺ͷ֮ģҶպջʱԸıһʳס
ʳֲֵ֮޻͸ҩģ޻ϲϲ⣬˶ֲҪ͸ǿҪȷ㣬ڴкüطʺϡ
ȫ, ٰѷ϶ѽȥ, Ϳˣ޻ֳԲΣаɫͻҰɫë, ȥǳۡ
Щ޻ӷֵ, רŸ˱϶ñʼֲ, Ҳܼ򵥣ʳķʽͬ
ҩȽ˵ͱȽ鷳ΪҩĶԻֲͬʱҪλһְֽǡ
ǻϲϲͲĵط, ϲů, ͺͺ, ԣʺɵĵطϲůʪĻҪ󲻸ߣֻҪݵĵطС
顢ĸݵȵȡ
ȸҩҲֲʱΧǽڿճ̡
޽֮ǰҶǲμҶӵĻ磬ҶӸãƵ÷˫ĸĬֻҪһ׾ˮɡ
Ǽѵõϲ£ȫ˶ܸˣȫֵعæɻ֭ҺȾֽó˫ϲڼĺڼϣŵ߸һЩҶҿȥϲ켫ˡ
ͷΨһŮͷԭھֵͷͷĲƸȻ٣ڽ֮Ҳкܶ࣬Ȼô󣬵ŮܻϲƯͷ棬ļױһռȺܶ࣬ټһ׼ҾߣͰعΪٵĹư裬Ҳ͵ļױһ̨͵Ҷҵʱһ̨ûӼ
ɹױʱҶÿͷ棬ʱЩп룬õͷ涼ܾ£ҲܾɣǸеĶЩĶ
νҲл裬ָǻƻĻ裬һõʱǻƻ裬̫ʱ򣬵ǰãٻһѣͿԹдѡ
ϲɫرḻҶϲǵ䣬׷ŵö࣬ǳθ䱻гģǴŴǵĵط
ҶɩֵòУ涼Ǵ磬кʲôԼʢ
Ҷĸ֣ҲЩ³ԣҶǷк˾СɡҶɩһƨҶԱߣʣúӣ𣿡
ҶѾ˵ˣڳݲػشۣóԡ
ԵŹݷŹ׷ݵģպʺ
óԾͶԵ㡣ҶɩָҶʢһС보ϺʣúϺģر
ҶĸųԵҶ̾⺢ˣԭǻƵģðװ۵ġ
ǰҶɩ⻰ɸˣ´˵ֻҪԺ˯þС
ǸϢҶĸЦ˵
һҶˣҶɩͱ˯˯֮ų
ҶɩڷȻСҶĸûֵܣǺСڳ׺ĺӻһĸա
ͦõġҶĸ˵ʲôĺӡ
ǰҶɩͬһ㣬ʵҪ׸ҲǺ׵ģͷҵ׺񣬾ǧѡҲûϵҵһףƷõģãСպ󲻻ֻһӣһĸҲʲô˵¡
˵ͷҪӺõģǵøһ£ҲûϵֻҪܶԺӺþͳɡ
һĻҶ׽ݣһ⻰ʣûҪ󣿡
㣬ɶҪֻҪĶԺӺþˣҪҲкӣҲܵԼҵĺһֻǼҷһҪãŮҲšͣ¾ͺú˵Ҷɩ˵ûҪ󣬵ǰЩһһгԵöˡ
Ҷɩšüʣ뿪ˣ
Ҷɩ̾Ķⲻ׼Ҳ˵һӲȢⲻ׵ĵ𣬱Ĳ˵ǵҺȥٵ޳ȥô죬ܹܲ¶ϰɡ
Ҷ漴Ȱο𼱣Ź˶ð벻ͨҲģٹһʱͺˡ
ҼˡҶɩĨ˵ˣǾ͵ʲôû˵
Ҷ褳̾ǼҼбľܣҾûμӻ磬˵䲻ģ˺ˣ˵ԭҶɩ޸ϵţǼһֱ䲻ȵģҶɩҲԸ˼ƨɣҹϵͱò䲻ȡ
˵Ⲣʲô£ĴʵǽԴҶӻ½Ǵӱæµٺæ˽һһǳصĳΡ
֮ǰ˵ðѴǰŵƬֿ޽ΧǽʱǱ˳ֽ俳ˣľҲһ㶼û˷ѣԵɲյ
ԤҪǧ׵ǽǽڴȦ˰˰Ķأ˰ĶһĶסլأͬʱѼСɽͷȦ˽һʯͷɽϽ˸ͷҤУԱ߻һɽ˸ֹӣҡաӡӡӵȣ˺ü꣬ǰЩһֱûӣѾ׳ɣûĻǽһļȱˮԣɽ֮ĵݴ֮ġ
Ԥ޽нĵطռʮĶʣ¾ȫǸˣЩذ˽еĺ͹еģ˵Ȧزʳ㹻ȫ˳Ի´ࡣ
ڳǽסլȦֻǼҸߴǽĸ߶һףҲûʲô
֮ǰһǣ³ǽһ¥׵ĳǽ⣬͹һ鰼һСӣ͹Сӽ棬ȳǽһطҪһЩһպҪսʱʿǾͿڳ¥ǻȫҸ֮໥֧Ԯγɻ棬׽з
˵Ѿ鷳ˣȻʼ޽ʱ㷢鷳
ҪڸǽȫҶ⣬ǲܰҹڸɡ
ÿҶ褶ҪͰ˱ש÷ǽԼҨ
÷÷ɽ髡𻨡ʲݺͱǣɫĹ֭бڳԼҲҨһư
÷úãɿڣǽֻҪһ¶ȫµͶˡ
Ҷ褺һ÷Ȼ
Ҷں¶ǣͬʱ̫ˣٺЩ
ҶӦһȻ˵ΪȣǶڵıĵü죬ѾûʣˣٹܾͺȲˣŻУӦúúһ¡
ǵŵ
˵Ͳ˵ˣ¼ȥɻ


124 ӡӺʯ
ﵫпյ˶޽Χǽ, ֻСû룬ЩڹҶ褾Ϊɹ, ڼһЩĲǺ, ÿŷ÷ˮ̶, û뵽ǣܻӭľȻ̶üӱֻҪھˮһºͺ, ʱŵʱãڸоͽڱɳ˵ˣҶԼϲ
˲⣬ҲǱزٵ, ϵĳ, ŻɫƵƤԲĹĵģĶ֪Ĺȿһˣȿرó, Ψһȱе, ԵʱҪ, ʱͦ鷳ģĹȿԵʱЩȱͬһɢˡ
Ҷ褸հѽշݵ̶ã滹Щ;ջⶾ, ŷʱ, ȥϯ, Ǽҵϯɵģ˼ͻѣмϸ߶ѵÿҪһʱãֵⲻأֻҪ𼸸УܿܽʱҪһӵߣҪķһʱ䡣
ξҪһߣһõöģеּ̣ŻỵһΡ
ҶĸȻҶ˵һǿѵģҪӵҪȻ˯ʱ׼⡣
Ҷ˼صͷ֪ˡ
Ҷĸͷż˵˿ѵģм䱻˵ĺͲƽĶҪҪǸĥõ
׼ˣ㿪ʼۣҪǿ۱ˣǻԼù߽ͨⲻǸѵĻֻҪģܷۣҶ褿˼۾۵òˣվԶ
ʱ߻ƳһţҪĵؽһ⿪
ЩѹҶ褳вʱ䣬ع
ǴżһģҶ褽ǴߣָͰ̶˵Щ
áӦ
ʾһͰ̶ԼͰ
ҶԭҲæǱֹˡ
ȵʱ¶ʮȣȵĻţ̫ʱ˶ؼϢˣųǽ
ɽϵˮשҹͣؿһˮש¿ڵϣˮྭĨש֮ϣóǽΪ̡
ҶӶߣϻؼ˯ʱһֱû뿪ɹú࣬Ϻڵ÷
ҶǹĨѺкˡ
Ҷ褵ͷʢһ̶ȻпȺܿ죬ٹһ¾޽ɡ
ɲǡҶֺǺǵ˵һ£µ׾ܽ
Ҷãǽ޽ʱǡ¶ʮգͽ˰£˵ҲЦԴӳǽ޽ɺ󣬴Сϲǽˣǵûкȳǣ£ǸѲߵѧһѧҲǼ¡
ǽϷ֣ǡ
̵ּɷ裬Ҷ褺һͬдġ
ǽ޽ɺϢ˰£ֿʼ޽ڳǽڳǽǼһߣպǽʧأô˽˵ڳǽ֮ڣķء
ڳǽҪ̶ȱ֮ǽҲһ㶼޽ʱͬҪģȻʱѾԽԽˣҪֳһֵɽϴԣ˵죬ʵʱȻѾʼˣǲԵģԵȼɺܸߡ
һ޽ǽٶȾͱ˲٣Ҷ㣬ǻѩǰ޽ɡ
һ˾ͷֳ飬׳Ȼɽԣǽɽժ
ժԱȽϰȫǲժĵطûдͶҪ˵ĻҲɽҰ֮ģЩûʲôսժӵԼܽץס
ΨһγƵǾգǴǸ⣬ǱժӵģճֳͨǳǳɫֻмĶһĨɫŮߺһ㣬ӵζҲرãɫԽĵطԽ
Ҳ˶ժø߸ˣȻǱ߳ӵʱ򣬲֪ľ˷䳲۷䣬۷ͻȻˡطɹǾͿʼˣڸһǳǳϪ˶˽ȥټֳĻѣòײŰһȺ۷䶼Ѭߡ
׻˵̩ǺеģȻ˱۷ˣͷİͬҲҵ˷䳲Ǹ䳲һž޴ϣΪ󲿷۷䶼ˣ۷䲢ࡣ
ҶֻҪ϶ñڷ䳲𣬰۷䶼Ѭˡ
ȷ䳲¶֮Сʼȡۣһ䳲Ũɫȥеζ
Ͳˣʱ䳲Ǻõģ滹ʣЩۣһ۷ǾͲ䳲Ǿͻܹȡۣͽɳչ
Щ۷ƺӻķۣ˳һζûô𣬷ᣬ쳣ɿڡ
˷⣬ɽﻹиɽӣ壬ժϴһ¾ܳˣҪǳԲ̫꣬ɹɺ󴢴浽ؽŶԡ
ҶϲժӺӣ΢ż죬Ƥʹɫ˳Ȼɫ泤ϸϸëһҧȥ͸˷ˣӺ˲ӣռʣҲܺóԣʲȣĥɷۺ𻨡ǵȣ̵ģرڶ죬һڵʲ¶ǣȫ
ӵ֭ˮһЩҶ褳ԵʱеˮҵĿڸУֻûô߳Ա룬ǹɽϵһֲɽϵҰһҺֳģҲ֪ʲôζ᲻Ұĸóԡ
ŷ¶Ǿ߶ģֻ˰¹ɽϱһֹӳˣӡӡաʯӡ
ЩðֻҪӰժˣñȽϸߣС
ժӵ߾һ׳ͣǰ汻԰ʿγһV֣͵áVмŹӣֻҪһŤӾܵ滹סӣùӵڵˤˡ
ϣԼֵĹӾϣñҰҪõö࣬ͷ˵Ҳ
ȴĹ꣬ͿԽзˣϼҼһֵܷСͬĹӣ԰ոԵϲýнйܻӭʯҪǳ̫鷳ҹһ㣬ԵĻ³Ѷࡣ
ҶҲ⣬ʯ³̾Եۡ
ҶĸͷҲǡҪˣǱˡ
ҲûãʯҲɹʯɡҶ˵ȫʯ֭ɣζ
ɡҶĸӦ㡣
ʵͦ򵥵ġҶ˵
ʯֳȺɫԲһа״ҶСڶпһķεĿڣ¶澧Ө͸ѣŽʯŰĤпһʯѾܺ׵ȡˡ
õʯ֭öǻ߷ۣԭȾѾܺˣÿϺһպȥ˯⣬ζ١
Ҷĸϲȣõʯ֭ھˮһ¾˿˿ģԷʱһҲ
Ҷĸ˶໻˰ʯ


125 Ұ
ժܴŸɽ͹ӻ, ôԶӵջȻҲ٣һ춼ûôɽɽľıС, ô, úõдĵȥ, ӡ
һͷҰҰԼײģΪֹԶ, 첲ˣúһʱ䡣
ҰͬͨغڣƤëӲ֫Ҳ׳, رϵԵ쳣׺, ڷѪ֮ͷͰһˡ
Ҷ˵ֻĸɽϻһС, ȻҰó, Сɿȫͺܺóˡ
һ˵ǲ̵, ֻҰǸ⣬˭ԼײҶ¡
˵ŻһǣϢɽҡ
Ҷ褱˵ЩĶ, ǸҲһȥ, Ҳû¡ҪڼҴЩ, ȥ䣬תһ顣
΢˼£Ȼͷ˵С
һȺͻԼŽɽˣһˣֱҶ褡硢ҶӡҶԺҶ˨඼ʶϸ˵ǴСһ𳤴Ľ顣
Ҷ褵ú磬ǽߵʱˡ
кҪȥĶ
ҶЦŴҸԼ˽ɽһˡ
ɣӽǸСЩС뿪ˡ
ԭҶΪͦˣû뵽ҶǸ磬ʱҶֵʣˡ
Ҷĸ첲Ϲȥôô磿
ڼû£ˡҶ˵
˵Ǽǹ֣ۿߴҼ̵ĳűƿӳһƬдС
Ҷ߳ȥͻȻü˵ƬӵЩˡ
ԴҶӺзȨָŽ²˵㻹ǵԭһƬĲ£Щɽϵֲʼӣʴ£ïܵӡ
ҶΣ˼պΧɽûճһֹֽɽϵֲӣϾô˵ҲֲＷռǵռ䣬ɭֻũֺˮֲ֣ԽĵطԽΣգֶҰ޶
¼ڴԽӵʱҶӻ˵ΨһôƬûдҰޣܿһЩɽҰ֮ģʱɽǾͻ塣
ߵһָŵһ˵ţ
ҶǱ߿˿ȫطʲô𣬶泤òïʢһЩ֤˼ռѡ
ҶԸ˵̵һݵûбƻҲ˵ûȥ
Ҷ˨ƬҲ䣬ƽĵʱ򾭳ץɽܿܶĢϡ
ҶʣȻˣƬӸò
ҶȻشǻ˰ɣҪ֪ƬӲֻкôҲ٣صһǳж涾˳ųǽ棬кЩ˶ҧˣҺöԲǿҧǰҩҲͺõòˡ
Ҷ˨߿·߸ͣҧˣҲ֪ʲôӣСôȣҿž򺮲
Ҷ룬ƺ򼡣
ʱ򣬲֪ľʹȥˣҲûѶʱ䣬粻է
ΪθߣɽϵľȸеٵģвУתȡƵҶ˲ȥᷢ֨֨˲侪ԭ׵ɭ֣Сﾪֵܿ
Ҷ褻üֻβɵܿʧǰ
ץҰǴɽźܽһӵĹǾ͵ˣһ·Ͼ̹̣ȴΪ᫲ƽҶŻȵһż˿ķ㣬Ҷ˨˵ǳصĶµķ㡣
һطҶ˨㿪ʼ쿴Χĺۼѧ˺ܾãһѾڻ£ѰټĻ
Ҷ褵ȱⷽʵȻ֪ʶȱǻûԹҶ˨ѰʱҲֳ̽һ¡
Ҷ˨ָһϹвĺۼʣʲôҰµģ
ҰеģҶ褸˵Ұ뵽Ӧòô򵥣ϸؿʼ۲죬ѿɴֲڷ϶ëõǰ˴ꡣ
˶ĬؿҶ褿һۣ漴ƵǶ֪
΢΢һЦͷʾ·ʲô
ʲôҶ褿ʼ룬һ·ͦ˳ģûʲôͶﰡԣͻȻ۾һ뵽£Ų㱻ϵķ㡣
ȻǳصĶټë΢΢أĴͣܿһֶ
¹˵
϶뷨û¹
Ҷ˨ҲһСë˵Ҳ֪ͷ¹𣿡
¹ǹĿģֻһͽ֮ԺˣѭŵϵҰӡߡ
ϵǣͷҰȻǸ꣬Ϊܿ͸ŽӡҵҰѣＸֻҰбúߺֱС
Ҷű˵ǳġ
Ҷ˨˵ϽһǾܻȥˡ
䣬Ҷ褱üصһ£ǲֻһͷҰ㿴Ǳߣֻӵ⻹ʵģϲ
Ҷ˨ȥͬ˵Ҿû֣ѲȺСеĵ
Ҷ褵ͷˡ
Ҷһ£˵ҰӼ⣬ǵζǱסˣԾһݣֱӰϵҲסˡ
˷׷׵ͷʾͬ
Ҷ褳ȥҰѵλãֻһխĵԽǾ;ؾ֮·һӡ
ڵʱпõȻڿӡ
Ҷ˵ʽϣþУҰûӵģһײ׵ȥ
ںִӱϰһݵڹ棬ȷȥˡ
ҶԳʱѾֻˡ
Ǳ˳ȥҪûɹҲûϵ˻ȥ֮˹һΧɱҰһҰܻţѾζˣҰǺܼǳģһлͻᱨ
Ϣһܿߴһ񱩵ĽԽԽΪԷһҶǻӱ¨ͳ
Ҷվǰͷ̽ͷȥֻһͷһ׶ߵҰ񱼶ȥͷҰʵߴȲ֮ǰһͷʮǿ׳Ƚһ̤һԶ
ͣͣͣ
Ұ·˵ĻһȷʵûͣٶȻԽԽ죬ûþ¶ȫòһⷭԵ쳣͡
ҰȷʵûʲôӣڵʮֲִڣҲûԾһŲڲݵϣ˲͹ȥžİʱҶ۾һ
ɹˣ
ߣǹȥҶ²˵
Ұ£ֱ֫ҪȥȴΪûܳɹ
ҶӼſҰͱѪûţҰѪһȳζôóԣֱӷŵ
Ҷ褿סҰ֫Ȼһ⻬ľм䴩һֻҪһǰһľܰҰ
̾һӶǸץˡ
Ҷ˨Сзŵ¨ץץˣֻĸĻѵ¸ײˣǸˡ
ҲǡҶûʲô뷨ΪһҰɡ
س·϶ܸˣû뵽ô˳Ϊ˷ֹҰѪζҰޣһ·ϲûͣʱҶ褾ʹԼŵĿѿõĺóָǣˮˮҲǸöʺͷ۶һɿڣֱܲһá
һֱصſǶûʲô⡣
һȺ޽ڳǽ˿̧һͷҰ׷׷Ļչȥ֡
ҶҾȵüһǰҰһѶѽ
Ҷ˨˵ɲǣǱֻܲҵСеģû뵽ȻһֻģԾһץˡ
԰Ҷ˷ܵҶ˨ļ磬Ҷ˨п佱治ҵĶӡ
ҶҲڸҶͣû˵ôˣཫ
Ҷ֮Ц˵˵Ҳǵı¡
Ҷ褰ڰ֣û˵
⼸ֻҰԼץģ˷ʱȻҲԼ䡣
һˣֻв֣ԭҶһӣͷһֻˣ˸һֻȴ˵סڰ褼ңһֻɡ
Ҷһ㶣Ȼ˵УȻˣͶЩ
ֻߴ󣬵֪أ㼸ٽ⣬ÿ˶ֵܷʮ
ҰǱԷֿˣ磬ȥܳһзĽϡ
ҰʱԲ꣬Ҷĸ͸ԼЩʣµĽպ÷Ž˵ؽѣֻǱ˿Ƥִ࣬ðͣĨһ֭Ͱȥˣһζ
Ҷ褳Եͣһֱ϶ʱʱá
ǻиˮԣҶ褿ϵʱ򣬲ɵøпǸյļڡ


126 
ջ, ԼֵʳջҲ٣ȻȲ÷ǰȴҲȥõö, ˶ջ, 㹻ֵʱ, иࡣ
Ҷ褼ֻˣټض࣬ȻջʳҲ࣬˴ʳǸֱս˵ؽ档
ζȳ, ⼸˵ĹʶԵʳջ֮ĵһ¾ǽʳҶĸҲ⣬⼸ŷͬĳʳ, кͷǵȵȡ
ҲҶ褼Ũζ
ζ, ʱ佥ţڳѩ֮ʱڳǽҲ޽ˡ
, ȫ޽, ˰Ķ, ǷǰǸһĴӵеأȴѾʮ˲ˡ
ΪףʽǣҶڽڼþٰףᣬϵĳʳǹṩ, Ա
Ϣһ, ˲ӭ˵Ļ, Ҫ֪һ궼æµòиϢĻᣬǼ¡
Ҷ˯תŲ˵һ˯̤ʵоһʱû˯ôˡ
ҶĸһۣЦ˵һ춼ģȻ˯òá
û£Ҷ褺һˮ˵æʱ򶼹ȥˣͿԺúϢҪæҲõȵѩ֮ʱˡ
ҶĸͷҲǡ
˵ͿҶͷųѾϴˣҶ˵ﻹȥɡ
ҶӦһϴٶȲֻϴͷʱ䣬Ҳֻӵʱ䡣
ҶĸҲϴ裬ĸЯȥ˼ãҶǴ峤Ҳǰ϶ĳȻȥı磬ϾҪҶ֪Ѿȷ˹ǳصĹѡϯ
·ϸպլˣҶĸܿҶɩҶҲˡ
Ҷ褿һܱߵĻߣ˼˵˻ЩⱻڳǽȦĵһ붼ǿյģƻɼǧˡ
⻹ֻ˵Ҫֻ׷˶ǿԵġ
絭˿ڻǲࡣ
Ҷ̾һǰҪи֪֪׵˹Ͷͺˡ
ɫһ뵽ǰЩյķɸ봫飬Ҳ֪¼ϢǺǻ
Ҷ褼˼Ҳûֻּǰߣܿ͵˼á
ʱѾˣԭмӶᵽߣֻ³εľΣÿľǰһܣտҲʳѾɴǰˣֻҪԣǾͿȡڿϽпơ
е͵ʽҶº󰵵
ԱҶԺҶ˨δףҪĹ٣ֳҶӺദ˶ҸõٳףһֱûҵǼĶӣĸ߹μûãԾͲˡ
ҶԼ̴յҶ褸ǰ˵֡
Ҷ褵ͷӦ˶࣬ɲʹĳǶˡ
ʱͻȻи˴ӱ˹
Ǻã𣿡ˣ˵ʱǺġ
Ҷ褵ʶֻǲǺ죬Ķӣºȴ󣬾㵱˷ôЩÿʱҶ꣬㲻ϤҪΪԸҪ˵һֱĬġ
ôͻȻˣҶЩɻ롣
£ȴû뵽Ҷʻλá
Ȼԣ
Ҷһ£ǹϵͦġ
ҶԵͷص֮ǰҲ𣿳´ҩ֮Ϳʼæµˣ˸鶼æģǲ֪ҽ˳´洫ˡ
Щʱߺ˵ûûУʺãԲźõÿ죬һкܶҪʦѧϰĵط
¶ǹ󾫲࣬С´óƸ˲յͽܱȫŮӣóСһҽ̸ԼӺӣ´Ǹ⣬ԭ̫ҽҽһΪ㷺յͽȻѡۣǺ츳ģų´ѧ˼Ѿӽʦ
һȻͿ⴮ﱻ˶
Ҷ˨ֱˮ˵ûԶ٣͵һأҪҪһȥ⣿
ҶӦһȻһȥˡ
⴮ĴӴȵȣصҲУгƬľǩӹ̶סо²ˡ˺֮ġ
пóԣӶ԰пڰɫϷõһƣһֱӱʱܳˣѾȫ뵽ԭѵζ磬ζʱ򵫷һơƣѵõǲˡ
ȻûơƣùĹ֭ͲˮҲΪ塣
ԵһʱмͻȻӳɫ΢졣
ֹһҶ褸հѿ廨ͿͻȻߵǰĸ̨ϣ߻żˣҶڡ
ֻҶȼ˶ʮӽտʼǼǱʽˣ
⻰һ˷׷׻е
ҽҪǵĹ
Ҷϸûϸ˵飬ֻ֪֮Ҷʣµˡ
ȻҶŶӦǳǱܰͷˣҶңλֱַ򸴡Ҷͯɡ
ȫ֣ҶͯɸĵǼǣ˿ںصĵǼ֮ġ
Ҷܰͷ¸ԵѺ˾ǺѺ˾ҶѲߵѺ˾ҶԶѺ˾٣̷Ѻ˾Ҷ£Ѻ˾λɲ򵥣ǺںسŵĲ죬ڴ˵ĵãսѺ˾磬Ѻ˾Ǽһ
սһ⣬߶Ҷ˵Ĵ䡣

Ҷܿϣ΢һᣬ˶˼㿪ѯʵǿɻ
ûϾǹƽЩ˶вŵģڴй֮ˣ˻ķڷ
Ȼ˿ڣҶɢˡ
Ҷ褺һؼң·̾û뵽㾹ҲҪæˡ
Ҷ褵ͷ˵ұϾҵѧűȻΪòϣϵЧȴ൱
Ҷ£ƵȫԱˣҺýѵ˴Ƕ׳ģѵһ¶˵ǺۣΪѵĴ󣬳Եö࣬ǹṩģܵռ˱ˡ
һʱ۲ϣûǾ͸оĺô
ǰ¸˳ˣʮŮǰͷӬƵģҪҴ峤ܽзֵأֻҪרŵĵǼһ¼ɡ
ǵűܻӭÿһεıȶѾΪǲһַʽ
һ£Ҷͯɸĸ˿֤Ҷģ٣øϽѡ֤ĳһ֤ǵݣƻƶȣպ˶ôŸԡ


127 
, һѩ£¶ȱۿɼٶȿʼ½ˮ˱һ, ÿҹ, һ˰, ̫ɢ¾ͻѱڻܶʼֱԽʱ򣬲Ǻ滹Ǻı㶼Ѿܺʵ, ˿ֱ棬ǽ֡
Ҷ褳кãű¨ȥլ㳦ģҶ̫ϲС廨ɵ㳦, ÿɵļԷʱ, ҶĸС
㳦һլǱߣʵ㳦ͦ򵥵ģֻ˶ֻҪһͺܺó, αٷô໨, ҲֻҶȰʳ˲Ż뾡취ʳʳ
Ҷ褵լʱ, ÿҶùߵѾۺͺۣһϸϸ͸״ķ
ˡҶкһͬʱϵĻҲûͣͱϴɾ, ˮֶĥ, ԴɫĽˮʱ΢һʱˡ
Ҷھһ, ѷúõĽˮˮ¶ľµİɫϸۣپˮȣг״ǳԵķˡ
۵ʽ۲ֻ࣬úĿڸкζһ֮ԼѣһǿۣԴɫճ壬߶ʺµ֭ԣǸֹӻ
ϸϸķ˿⣬ڻ߽ڡ
ҶûҶӸɻǰѱ¨ݸҶ̫Ȼڻϸ졣
Ҷ֣Ҷ̫óë漴Թ⺢춼ڿ֡
Ҷɵһ
Ҷ̫һСۿƳɵĥʱҶ褾ͿʼζسҲ֪Сܿ١
ҶͷĦĺ̸ˣ⻹ǵҶТģôЩʹãѾĥʮֹ⻬ڵƹŹ⡣
Щǵ˵ڻû˵ҪҪҳ´
Ҷ̫Ҳ̾ɲǣ⺢Ҳģ㲻ܿ˵һľ֮ǰҲеˣΨһֱûڡ
ôҲԭģʮǰиһֱû˵ҲûϣΪֻǿ˶˵˵ĺӴĵĸȥҴˣԼҺֻǲ˵պѧһġ
ȻȴãǺӰʱűԾĸĸس￴򣬴˵ɵЩΣа취ƣѾ̫ˣΪ
ǶԸĸ˵ֱҪֻ֪һӣǲô󣬴ֻһ仰ʵΪֻǽǺúý̺̽ӣϾȻɵһЩ򵥵ĻģҪǽ̵úõĻҲܹԼչԼ
ǺѾǶʮˣҶ褸˵ʱܹо̾൱Сÿ춼ֺǺǵģƢܺãСһˣںӶܻӭ
ټܴȻĻҪɻѧɻǳ
ĸ˸ѸչǹѸŸޣҲǸȡ裬񶼹ͦá
Ҷ褸뵽Ҷ̫ǵѲСʱ򲡵ö࣬ˣ
룬ܾ˵֮ǰ´ʱҲû˵ʲô⣬ҲǸϻ۵ģ֮ǰץǻץһʣҶ褰ο
Ҷ̫̾ûǶļ֡
淺סԱߣʱȴһζûǵС̵淳ӻ
Ҷ̵ܹĻ۴ֶŮһЩȻˣҲֻһֶŮٹ£ͻٶһֶӻֶŮ
ҶӵϱѾˡ
ɩأôһֱûhiҶɻʡ
Ŷˣ̥ѾˣúӸͻҴϼ죬ӣҲúӸӻˡҶ̫˵
߸˵飬ͷԽͻˣҶɩæӭȥЦ˵׼ˣպˣһһ¡
ͷͷŵһʵĻڵݵϣҾ͹ˡ
ʮһٿ϶ǳԲģҶɩֻһգʣµſڵĴոһţܿͶɱˣܱܾá
ҶȻԷʱҶɩθڴ󿪣ɵο㾹ϲǸϢ
ͷЦ£⺢ңһʱθڼãҲûʲôĵط·Сʱܸ˱Ȼ£ֱ·ݴ˲Ų㡣
ÿ˵ʲͬʱ֢״ȻͬĸŮܾǲеưɡ
Ҷ褳׼ؼˣպͷҲҪȥС
ڻؼҵ·Ҷ褿ʵʱоΣ
ִĻ˵ͷӦñƺΪŮˣҶĸһȡ︾Ů棬޹ϵֺ룬ڸֻǸЩǼұΪͷ䣬ӶĶ֡
ͷЦŻش𣺡ͦõģʵҲæ
Ҳǣôֵķìܣ˵ҳ󲻿˵ɱҪصöࡣ
Ҷ褾͵ˣʱͷһӵ·Ҷĸ뿪ˡ
Ҷϴɵϣۺþռ䣬Ϸû鼮Ķ˯ǰҪһ飬Ͳޣ󲿷ֶй֪ʶģ֣ҵ鼮
ţгʽǼ򵥣ľƵģȼպȶҸˣͿ԰гĳϾʳס֮󣬾Ϳ԰ճ̡
ҶĶյ۾˯ȥ
һҹΡ

ڽһҶҪ¾ǸҶͯһҪ֪ڵǺ鷳ģʮɺʮ֧ʱνʮӣָľǽɵ֧Ӽһֱﺥһʮϡ
˵ʮȷʵǸִ֣һСʱʮӣһʮ룬Ŵɵ֧Ҳʮϡ
ÿҶƵԴ۵ʱͻԼһʱ䣬ҲһôûУоԼʶˡ
Լ˰µʱ䣬޽ڼñϵһҶ¯ĵطܰѱʷˣпԴۡ
Ц££ҶһҲֻܰСæ
Ҷͯȿڲ˵ʱˣɿ
²豭ߵҶǰһϵָֽЩģʣʲô˼ôȥ᲻ƽֱġ
ҶһۣҪ˵أ֣ǳõļдҪ򵥵ö࣬㿴һܴľҼܾǷԴ...
˵ʵǷô˷ԭļҪԭдʵ̫鷳ټ˲ʶ֣Чʾͻή͡
ҶͯΣ롣
һ˵ǿŸıһ£˶ʶһʱһһǽͣǻ֣˶ܼסҲд
Ҷ˵Ȼˣͷ±һ½̲ġ
Ҷͯͬףˡ
СҪѧýѧ⣬˵ʶֵһҲҪȥʶ֣Ҷڱ۽̲ģ徭ȥˣֻ־Ͱټգлѧѧ̲ҶԼóģִ׶԰ӵѧ鼮м򵥵ļӼ˳ѧЩʱ͹ˣµģʱûҪѧϰ


128 ˮ
Ҷ褲Ÿͣ, ʹƿһǵĴ߳Ȼϱûʲô仯һȻ, Ҷ֪ڵһô, Ϊ...
Ҷ褿米, ôʱദԿ϶Լ˽ˣû˽⣬ֻҪһֱ, ʹڿĳ¡
뵽ҶհѴƿ˲һĺϯ, 忴ֵ
ɫͻȻ, Яź߽
ʱĲˮպտҶ褵նϣůֱɻʣʲôˣ
Ĭ, һֱİʧʱ, ŴͳһŵݸҶ褡
Ҷ褽ӹǿһŷ, ͦªģֻдż֣ҽдġ
ʾ򿪡
ȻҶ褾ͲŤ, ŷ, ֽʼĶ, һ΢΢üͷʵǰ벿־̸ʺصǺ벿֣ҽ˵ҵ˴ѹҺᣬѾӵ߳
ҽĿΪ˴һ㣬ҶһĿеĿ֮ۺãƶҾ˼ٹ̵ҽ˵´ľϲ˿нɡ
˵ǰյģһ˵Ҹÿһ¶÷ɸһţѾ£ȴûյš
Ҷ˵⻰׹㻳ˣ
üصӦò֮ǣϾھ߳ǵߣνĻҺеӣͲѡʱжĥɱ¿
Ҷ褳Σôģ
Ҳûʵ׼żһǻһ˾߳ǣһаã͵ǹȥҸȷʵˣ취
˵꣬Ҷ褱üͷ𣬡ǼΣյġһλҺᵱҪжĥɱ¿ǺпһӲҪ
ԵͷʹҲûȥһˣѾҶ£׼ճʱãȻȴûƮѩ
ĻʱƽҶӣѧõģһʱҲ޷
Ҷֹû˵ʹΣҲֹ磬ϾµıģǽҶҽҲжΣնܲ
Ҳû˵ֻͷȻº͵˵һ
áҶӦ·һҪСġ
ûҪһȥϾԼ˽ԼģžϺȣص£ǾѵĻһȥȽϺʣҪǷǻһս֮
ӼһʮսҼһǸСһ𳤴ģǾѵһ𣬲˵ʵĬͻ
֮ǰҶĸصظָӲͷǱزٵģЩĹ⽴ͼ˵֮ˡ
ΨһЩźǣǳȻѾƥˣû취һһƥ뿪ʱֵֻܷƥ˹һƥҲˣϾǲôֻڴ
뿪֮Ҷ褾ʱǣ䵣ǰȫ񣬲ܿͷһ£ʱ嵭ǡ
̸¾͵Ƚһǵѧơ
ͬѧƣһǸɵɰ࣬ݶѧȫ춼ҪѧѧϰһǸɨäɨäֻ࣬ҪÿϹȥѧһʱɡ
õĽ̲ĻһģʼѧϰҲ£ѧϰ־ͰټĻαԼһ˾Ͷˣ֮˺ܴ𣬳ɨäϻϾǱҵˣȥѧãͯҪѧϰɻֺϰʽ̵ĸֲ֪ʶ֪ʶ壬δƤëθڵʳʩʣֲֳ溦ʱδȵȡ
֮⣬ɳ´һͬĻҩγ̺ͻ˿γ̣аҩıͬʱȷֻСˣѰҶ֢ҩĽаγǹģʲôͣʲôԱ𶼿Ըѧϰ
ǹѧĽѧӵõҶͯİʼҶ褱ѺְҼüһĽͬʱעӦİ1234ߵǵõ˵ǸֵǼǵļϲĶΪлֶ¼ڳ˵Ļ֮ϣĿӺͼʱԵ÷ھͺЩˣټ¼ʱҪ̫ʱ䡣
нѧ֮󣬻ѧ;Ѿʮ꣬ǳˣǻѡҪ컹ֱӱҵ󲿷˵ѡǱҵ֮ǱԶӻ߲ժӣΨһС츳ģҶͯĽ̵¼ѧϰѧϰݰ徭Ҷ̵ĸֳѧ
Ҷ褾ȵЩһʮľ˼룬Ҷ褽ֻһˮµĽṹ͸ؼֵһǵͨˮĥ
Ҷ١
Ҷ褱ҶٽйʱЩţֱۿǸľƷˡ
һӰĹˮ֣ҲǣװˮҲйȵ;
Ҷٽܵ˵һˮĴˮΪҪ죬ӳˮװһв˺һ֣˵Ҫ;ǲԸĩˣʹڶһ׻ʹѿǡͬʱƽֺ֣ƽװĥĥ档װˮȡˮȡ
Ҷ˵ǾȻˡ
Ҷٰڰ˵ǿ˵ĽṹֻǰͰ࣬Ҫ褸Ĺ͡
Ҳ͵Ҫ㣬ǻɣԭֻһ¹ȵˮû뵽ּ;Ϊһũߡ
ҶЦ£⻹治ֻĹͣҪ֪ˣԭͽṹιߣǶԣοҶپгΪһѧս񣬲ηѣǶѣһµĹҶٵͼֽˮ˳
Ҷٿĸߴˮ¸пҲ֪ܲãõĻЧΡ
ҪʵҲǼ򵥣ֻ߱ѩصģýʵʵƵõѩ֤ˮЧΡ
ȻãҶѾҶ˺ܴһʻֵҪľǽļãҪ˶ԿѧȤǾ͸ˣ˵ѧǵһҪչ벻ĿƼܹĿƼ
Ҷ褿ҶֺǺǵŻ뿪ﰵϣպи˼롣
Ҳһ⣬⿿һ˴ӿռ֪ʶǲģϾЩڳǰռ鼮ֻнģҪǷϵǰ֪ʶ
Ҷ뵽ȥҶͯѯʵũ飿
ҶͯҡҡͷޣǡҪϪ̸֮鼮ڿƾ֮ڡ
漴пҪ֪պ޿ƾ٣ҾͲؽ徭ˡ
˭Ԥϵء̾˵һſţͯԶûϡ
ǵĻҶ褰룬ȻֻȥطѰˣڵĳ̶ӵǸѡ
л˵
עһ԰ٶȰٿơ
ˮڡũ顷м ˮ£νˮתᣬɼ£ĥáҲˮĥ棬һ糣ĥ֮ԲۣףΩˮĥãȵףȥ롢Pѭ֮˳סһ£ʼվ㱸ͨʡҪϱ֮֮Ǳ


129 ɶ
Ҷŵһζ, Ƿζ¯ϣֻһ, һײ
, ʲôʵ
Ҷĸһ, ȻֺǺǵػش𣺡㣬úһ˵ǼһǺͼͺܺóˣÿһ룬ȥ֮ů, ʺ϶졣żﻹЩŴ׺;պЩԡ
Ҷ⻰̾ͻȻˣֲϤνԲŴ״СԲµҲܺó, ǵҪټӵ, ǾͶԼʹЧܺá
Ҷĸ˵Ѿ׼ˣмžһصؼЩȵҾ, ɡ
Ȼ, ¯߷, һŨķ˵ľζ
Ҷĸ˵̨ϣƿŵİײֻǰдŻƵŴ׷ǳǳѹһ±лǵľҺӿ
ȳһڣȻͷȻζ, ǺѳԳζ
˵⻰, ҶĸҨһ׸Ҷ, ҲͷóϴøɾĴչޣˮȫȥܷ֮ŵԺﶳסס͵ٶȣҪһֱͣЩζͻתɾƵζʱֻܵɾƺˡ
õľÿ׷ŵٴȥȵƱɫʢˣȺһȥҶʱֽűҲһһ˺ǵľ㣬֮˲ȫůˣóʱŲѩȻѩȥгǱ𣬵ԺѩɾͲ˼ҰæˣֻԼ֣ѩµþãŶסһ붼㡣
ʱŴСԲµֻĴָôСԲƵһһŴ׷ﵹһЩõĹͲٶǣСԲȻɫһͬǶ𣬱ҲǿңθںܴҶһҲӡ
ԲҶһҽ³裬Ҷĸϲĳʳ
Ҳ𽥽˾ԲӣҪÿͬʱζҲãûո緹ĻֻҪһ׾㵽ԲӶЩ˼ŴԲӣϾŴ׵Ķһ۸񲢲ֻͣͷЩ֮ģζҲ൱̵ģǶԡ
Ҷÿ϶һ룬Ҳ⣬һŷۺɫԲӳԵţһɽݮζɽݮġ
뵽뵽ɽݮǸһɽժģҲ֪ûѩ֮ǰﾸ߳ǣ߳Σҽûг£ʲôʱܻ
һֱѭԺϵľԲӶԵòˡ
Ҷ̾ʱˣȰʣľꡣ
һʣµ֭ϴͿҶԴܱܽ߸ŵҶĸлллҶ̡
ˮͱϵˮﳤӣǿȥժһժģɺóˣҲóԡҶ˵Żǡ
ˮҪˮĲȲС͸˶֣鷳ֵͣ˳ҶԺҶ褼ضģ͹ػὫһָˮֲˮĻԭء
ʵһԭ߳ʳȽ϶࣬׷Ҷ褱ȽϲеĳͦãûĳҲûϵʱıһ¿ζҲͦõģֳĵײһֿ治ס
Ҷ褼ҵˮǸլǱһֵģջʳǶ԰֣ݺ͵ȻҲ˭񵽾˭ġ
䣬ûˣҶǰЩһֱûӳ죬Ϊûȴû뵽ʱȻˡ
Ҷ뵽ȲغҶһȥˣ·ǻ˸ͬһ
ͰǣҲ֪ӳΣ
ϣܳúһЩҶҲһ
ܿҶӻǣӵĹһȺ˾͵Ŀĵء
ҶԭΪˮĵӲкܶ࣬Ͼ䣬ʺϹӳ죬û뵽ǵӽȴΪïʢµ˱һ࣬аôģϺɫƤϲʪ࣬Եøⰹࡣ
˶ժһӻؼңҶҲ⣬ȻֻˮһҶǲժĵҲһЩջ񲢲١
ǸҶ褻ؼһ˼ѣųʱͿҶĸҨˮϴӡ
ҶĸЦ˵ջ񲻴
Ҷ褵ͷǰæһ÷͵ȥ
ɡҶĸӦ
ϴϵĵӱֳϺɫ⻬ޱȣǱԲεģõпĹֳɫҶĸƬݸҶ褣
Ҷ褽ӹŽ΢һ׽з֭ˮӿζأΪżζ˵Ϻóԣ㹻棬ͨˮȴǴ´ࡣ
ʺϵǽһɰڻʨͷ
ˬҴˬĵӷǳ壬ܹڵζԳʺϵϣҶ̫ļ˵Ҷ褵

ڼ𽥲ʱһ´ԭеƽһȺ˳ŵ¡
ֵصҶСӣһѩֵȺ֪ͨ
ҶʱһĽ衣
Ϊԭ򿪻һһϣɲˡҶ˵ضЩ㣬ʳټҲ¡
ȴĻ¼΢΢ü˲㿪ĳɹҲû㹻ֽи֡
⵹Ǹ⣬˷׷üͷβ˵ʵڲǾ۵㣬ţȺ˵׼Ҳûôء
Ҷ̾Ҳֻˡ
Ҷ˵껰˼°룬Ҫܰũ߸һ¾ͺˣ㲻Ҳ˼ҶƵũߣǼõľͷ񣬻ǰںںسǵӹģ۸񲻱ˣܺãȻٺãѾôЩ꣬ȻõʱϧȴҲ޲Σ⼸ֵЧ½ܶࡣ
ȻǼѾǺõˣЩũߵ˼ңľƵﳵԯ磬ȻȴֵֶЧʸߣȴҲûߵĶȥҪû˾Ҳûãûܴ
Ҷ˼룬ʱͻȻš
ǵۣҶ˵
ҶԶſ񿿽
⻰˶һ£Ҷվ˵ˣ˵ֲ˹ߣһȥơ
򸴸ߣ˵ǵСģһ˾Ͳˣõֶξװһ棬ߵӦϣʵǷʤ
Ҷ΢΢ͷӦ֪ȥ˵
򸴼տڲ˵ϾֻǸ֣飬ȴܴԽ˵ˣľҲͬģϾΪۼΪʵǵȥ۲һ²
һ˴ڳȥƹ˺һܿ͵ţǰ˳¥ȥվ¥¿ȥ
Ҷ褴һƣȺԼ߰ʮ׳ռ˴룬ֻ֮һǱͷᣬЩݳƤǣû˺ӤСĺҲʮҡ
˶һۣ΢ģȺôˡ
Ҷҹ۲һᣬڵȥġ
Ҷûͬ⣬β˵żǵһ˹
ȥѱ⣬Լ˹ȫȨ
ҶҶ£ҶµͷʾףȻóһľƵº˭µģ
˵ʵҲǸƵӣЧԣֻ˵Ǵ±ߵҲ͹ˡ
ɧһһȫңȥֻʮվͬҾǡ
Ҷ˵˵Щ㡣
Ҷͷ˹ǺܾöûԱˡ
ҶǼһǻῪţ
⻰ֿʼɧҶ褿Ӱ˼ɧѹȥ˿ĸߡ
áӦ
ʱҶ£򸴺ҶԶһͬȥн档
Ҷ褼״æ˵ǵðѿִϣҪ̫
˭֪ȺûдȾһúãһͳˣϾȺ󲿷ֶһϢ
ڳߣϺ̴¥ȥȳű򿪣ӱ鵭˽
򸴡򸴱ȭҽܵ
½¡˵
֣£ɶ½£
Ҳ½²ѾûɶˣֻʣһЩڡ
ϸǴϿЩϤӰӣ½أֻ˼ң˼ûѡ
½Ƿʲô£ɶΣʵΪһ֮ףǱϾפֻҪȹĶӦú׾ȶˡ
½ҡͷҿˣ½¼ɡ
˵ֿЦһ˵


130 ɶ
ٳҲҪ͡
½㯵˵ʱɶ״, ǵ棬ѿӣ˲Ǳѹڷ, ǵ
ֻü򵥼仰ͰѿӵĿֲ֮˳, վѷ¿, һףģʲôԭһЩȥ˻о, ʱͲôˣʵǿֲ
ǲȷѷ᲻ٴţ˻˺ܿԶƬѡһɳƽԭϢ
üͷ΢, ʲô벻ͨƵ, βſʵѲɾʣ⼸ʮˣ
Ҫ֪ɶȻ㶫ƫƧ֮أĳפ˿Ҳˣ㵥ֻһפĿ˵Ҳмǧˡ
ֻʣ¼ʮ, ɶѿɱǶҪصöࡣ
½°ڰ, ǵ, տʼԼķ֮һ˿ڣҴЩ˴ӿ뿪ԭų֣͢Բ̫ԶֱһȺѵ, Ҳ֪, صĵطǾ, ˲ֻ֣ܿԼ
ʵһ˳Ҫһֱƽ˳ȥ˵صǰ򵥵±ȴǴ´ࡣ½´ʱͳ˲ɵ
вƣ֪ΪΣǰͻȻģмʮ׸ߵķϯЯ˽ϵһûǽ֮Ϊ籩籩ֻһʱǻܼȥȻÿһ궼籩֮У·ݣһصʱ򡣡
λ£̶ӺǾһ̶Ӿֻʮ
Ҷ˵ͺХ
Ȼˣӡ֤½˵Ӧþʵ
½²֪ʲôֻ̾˵ԭ˾Ͳ࣬ټϷ籩ʱûйɣߵĺ͵˼࣬ϾͲʣˣѵ·ֲ㣬СĺӺʹ˴඼ûֻʣǼʮˡ
ǼѡҶԶûסпһ䡣
½뵽ЩȥڣɵñǼһᣬͿ˵ʱǲ·ǰԭѾһʺϵĵطֻҪɣûһ£ѵһĻɽͱǸˣҪǵʱ˯ɽ⼸ʮ˶ûˡ
£漴ָ˸򣬡緢ĻɽǲǱߣ
½µͷûǾǴǱ߹ġ
Ȼˣ֤Լ뷨Ҳ̾ǴĻɽͬǴҲ˺ܶӵӰ죬ü²Ż
˵ʵ֪Ϊڻɽһŵ
ϾҲȥǼյĹ㵽ˡ
½̻شԭûߣȥϷıҪǱѶ࣬ʱɺϷô˵ҲȱˣΪ̫ңԶջûȥɡڸһС䣬˲࣬ҿɽˮұʵڲо˵ҲЦˣֻбŲܻȥ
һֳָ⣬ΪҪô뿪Ǵ䣿
½ҲûǣΪɽţһʱɽ־ʹɽŵɽ£Ѿж涾߽в˶ҧˡ
⵹˵ͨϾҲͬɽƬѾǸյˣֻ¹ͺͺأδĵѡ֮أΪķգ֦ɺҶճɲľңľкзḻӪӷ
򸴻һʣε֪ǳǵģ
ǲŸսǣֵشƫƧ֪ҵ
½ʵǵûãһĸŮȥ˵ԭһȥǣĺˣ˾ͰĸŮԭأֻþͽһطúȺӲ֮ʵҪǴʵ̫ƫƧټϸɽ֣ʺһֱҲͦõġ
ܿʶԼˣ㽫ǴҶҴģͶ֮ѡһǣǾԶǱͶǡ
šüظĸŮ
ǡ½µͷĸ֣Ů
޶һ֪̾ĸŮ˭ˣӵĶϱŮ
ҶԶһۣױ˴˵뷨
û𣿡ҶԶʡ
ֹ½˵ﻹʮû˶ͬ뿪µĴʹЩˣŷҶһӶû뿪ӣʣµһЩ˾ǲŴ񻯡
򸴵ͷã鷳㵽Եһᡣ
½뿪֮򸴾¥һһʮظҶ
Ҷ룬Ȼ˵ο£
ҶȿڣҪ˵ͶҲǼ¡
ҪǽǺ˿ȱڼ󣬲ŮҪҪ֪˿ڲǵһ
վһߵС´Ҳͷ֣ĸŮһǵãȻӵĶϱΪ˺ƣҪõöࡣ
˵Ļͬ˼£˶ͬ½ǵͶ
Ҷİ˹ȥ֪ͨǣص˵á
򸴽
ƿǽǱһ˵һȲ衣
˶ʱ򸴲ſ˵мϣ⣬Ǿʱסڳǣסһʱ䣬ȴ򰤸κȷûȾܽڳǡ
½űӵͷϸˡ
Ҳ׷ױʾͬ
ְһһǣ½棬˵ҪĪ仧ǵķƶȶͶߺԭסֻһͬʡ
½Ƿǳĵʳһ£򸴳ŵ캮ض޷ֲʳ֪ǷʳеȻö˵ûУǳлʳ棬ЩʳǰǵģǽҪпģ˵൱ͶȡʳǲͶҲԣֻҪͷͬȵʳɡ
ӦģѾǺܿˣЩطͶߵԼöʳûûǾֻܶš
йضһһ꣬½±˵˸ȥһ˴ӣ֪ͨһǡ
ԽҶһСӸ½һȥ
һСˣ׳꣬򼫺ãҺĬ㹻һ
½µļ˶ȺǾ൱ʡ
Ҷ褾ûвˣҪǲ֪ûЯҶ褺µûǱ𿿽ˡ
ҶֻлҶĸլҶ̫ʱ֪һЩϢ
Ҷɩָ㣬Ȼһٶأ÷Ƕʳ
Ҷĸ˵ʵû٣ЩдģҪǽӼõҲǶʮˣĶǴҲûƤζΣǿ±ȿ֮Ǿֳɵ׳϶ܰŸɻ
ô˵Ҳǣ˵ϾͿʼҰˣǾԶŶӡҶɩͷ
Ҷɩʱ廰֣ϺŮôǱӸô˷ֿˣôˣ
ڰıֳĺ档
ҶĸЩڰ˵һһ˵ʵܵùŸմӴ뿪Ⱥ˾ͷ·ȥǵǶӣǸһӣߵһ뺢Ӿ͵˶ˮҲûκãȥǵ˶˵ӾȲˣΪ·̣˾Ͱ˰ҪǱиӣҪ
Ҷɩ̾ԭˡ
Ⱦ𣿡
Ҷĸҡͷش𣺡ûУʵмûУСĺҲˣݴ峤˵ǴԴϴθɺ˲ˣӶסҲһˮһЩ
Ҷֶ̫£ûͺãǴճĺӲ٣ɵע㣬бǧܣʵʵڼ
ҶӦһİӲӻƳγεİ͵ƵĹ󣬽ԵҲˡ
һڹɽϵģһڶɽժģζ϶࣬ûʲô
ûһ鱧ҶҶҶɩ֣ﺬؽš̡
ҶɩӹҶͬʱ飬զ㿴أ
ˬһЦ˯ˣҿѹԾͱ
ҶɩҲЦЦͷҶ磬жĸС塣
Ҷ翪ʼѧ࣬˵ѾˣҶ󲮷ġ
һʱжȹҶ뿪֮ǰͻȻ£̵̣𣿡
С׵ĺС׾ٴҲֻһֻȮǰȥˣҶΪ˱˵ҲɣкﳤС׵ģȴֻĸȮ
Ҷ̫ʻתͷ⼸ˣƻ̶ֻˣȹѡֻ
˵˵ģҪҶ褼٣ֻȮܸȫЩ
áҶ뵽СױһּҺС䲻նһ𣬵С׳ҹ˸ּǰҲûʲô
ϲ֮飬ȻµʹȴǺԡ


131 
Ҷһ춼æµ, »ؼҵʱѾǰҹˣҶĸѸš
ôôҪҪ㶫ԣҶĸСʵ
Ҷѵ˲һƬ, ˵ʱҲŰ, ½±Ͼǿ, δҲֵϸϸȻȥûȨ뷨˲ò࣬½, ҸǿһĻᡣ
Ժͱҹˣô䣬岻áҶС˵Լʰһ¾ȥ˯
Ҷĸȼ͵ƣڻ谵ƹ°ڰ֣Ҳ, ϶, ̫˯Ҳ˯š
ʲôﻹ⽺ͽӣİҲˣ˷ڵ, ܿθ
Ҷ⻰㲻Ȱ, شһӰ, ̫࣬ʮҾˡ
ɣȥѣһáҶĸվ˵
һڵ¶ǣҶ̾ů, ʱſڸпٹҪ, һ졣
Ҷĸͷ, ɲǡЩ˵Ҳ֪Σ᲻£
ôЩѾ統Լڶӿˣ뿪ǰ˵úɣֲǰ׳գȻ֪ȥ߳ǺпΣա
Ҷǲ£Ϊǳ˽ҽ˶˵ҽԻʵĹҽĹģȴңǰһ׼·
˵ȴܶž֮顣
֪ܲڹǰҶ˵
Ҳ֪ǲԳԭ򣬾ǵʱ򣬼Ǿ޴ĳǰӭһϤӰ
۶ʱ䲻룬ȴԵǱɢķ˿͸ѵ촽˼ʵ
ҶϳʱһϲƿţȻ˵˵ˣ߳Σ
һЦԶ׼ʣѾûˣ鷳ȥһҶ塣
ҶӦһɣϵ˵ʲô鷳鷳ġ
֮ŵĳǱк
Ҷӳڻˡš
·ϻ˳𣿡С
褸춼㣬ˣһɵùȥһˡҶ˵
Ҷ褵֮һ˿ůɫţҶ˵ұȥ
õ֮ˣʱպÿҶڵҶ˿ڵǼǵˡ
Ҷ褿ſڽһһϲû˵۾ȴһֱû뿪
ҶҲˣ΢΢ͷʾǵһ£Ȼϸ档
Ҵ˽ǵĻϢǼԵĳաԱ֡ó֮ͳͳֽϣպʽ仧Ϳˡ˵㽫һƵֽŷŵҶϡ
νĻľƬģֻм򵥵ĳգԱ
ҶЩ͵ͷУЩֵעˣ
ش½⣬һλ̵Լ˵򵥵ũ߶ڻ¡
ã֪ˡҶ¼
ȻֺǺǵ磬ļ˵úӣڻˣҽ𣿡
¶һĨЦݣشҸû£ֻмҪҶһ¡
ʲô£Ҷʡ
û˵Ǻ£һ߳ǵĽλŹԭһλүӣʱׯӹһ٣֮ʹ˺ͻһֱסׯͲ󣬵Ϊ˰Ǹˡ
һǷǳѵãҶ褰ȷʵ
㽲Ҹھ߳ǻأΪ룬ܼ¾׼ĸ뿪߳ǡ
Ҷ⻰Σ漴ͬҽ˼е
Ȼ룬ýȵٿǽ顣
΢΢׵ҸҲôǵģֻҪ鷳ǡ
ҶˬһЦ鷳Ҳþûˣ֪ʲôӣ
ܿۼɫЩأֻǻм£ԸҸһ뿪Ĳ²٣ǻмˣһһС
ҶʵԼжˣ
ʵش𣺡ʵԸ뿪˵Ҳ㲻϶࣬һԼˣ֮Ҹߵױʣ֮һǵļҾ졣
ǸСЩȫǼѪʿҪģҲֻڷ֮䣬ҶҽҲ磬˺ܿͬҼҾֻǲܽڳҪͶľʯһͬסǡ
ǵļªסլ٣Ȼٶ˾סȻڶ̶̼ʱǿ϶û취޽㹻ķ
˵ô鷳ͷǹԼ޽ɣϾ˶ҸףԺסһ𡣡
⵹Ǹ⣬ҼҾ׳ʿǿƻһЩ
ҶͷҲС
ֿʼһֱڲǿ
ҶļЦ˵ߣϽؼҳԷҶڼˣһӺòˣؼúúһڡ
ɫ͵Ӧá
Ҷ뿪Ҷ褺
ʱҶӣһ˫۾ϸ壬û˱ɿû¾ͺá
ɫԽͣοİɣôЩǲûúóԷ
Ҷ˵ʱаǻΪ㣬Բ˯õġ
Ŷ𣿡֪Ҷڵ٩˾͸˵Ҹòã˵ʲôʲô
˵İҶ˵˵Ҫʲô͵ʲô
ţ˵ġһЦ
׻˵úãŽӻؼ档
ҶĸľǶ棬ȥߵľСΣһ廨гɱƬгɴлȻժֲĺгƬͷȥƤ顣
ȣҶĸ϶ŽټΡǺͽͣǺƬڹķ𽥱ʱܰˮȥˣûǵˮտ֭
žһŨζ
Ҷĸŵ̽ͷһۣҶӻ¶Цݿڵȥϴ֣Ϳˡ
ߴϴ֣صƿǣϸڶ棬ܿͰˡ
ʱ䣬ҶĸִǶǽϵľͳһմɹޣ򿪺ͳĸѼõгѼúãһп͡
⣬̲ˣһõ㣬պͳԵģһǴײˣʮֿθ
˲ڼ
˵֮Ҷ褾ͿʼͷԷʵû˵ѣȷʵԵ٣Ҫ¾ӰʳټǰЩӷ£кüٷûʱϡ
ͲһˣѵֻҪһ޶ѵθڴ󿪡
úãֲԶǵ˶ԵýζƵʱãرζϸϸһȴǳЩӲһҧͶϡ
Ҷĸ״æʢһڼصظ룬㡣
Ȼָʢһ룬·ܿˣɵúúò⼸ͰסҸóԵġ
ûܾӹлһ
Ҷ褺ʱҲ棬ŵĵζܺõк˼壬һֱӺˣڼ鶼ûŹԵֻ˹ͷ


132 Ԩ
ڶҽǻû, լˣҶ褹ȥ̽ǣ˳, ֻ, , ֻΪճëû룬ȫ¶Ǻͨͨġ
Ҷ褵ʱպÿſڲɵºغ̣Ҷɩ, æֵ֡
Ҷ⻰ǰӹﶫľҶɩʱɳľ׽Ļ߽͵ǼӺǴͷɵģӸ, óԵõ̡
Ҷ褵ͷʾ, ȻúǰһᵽȲؿʼ
ҶɩָֻԾĹ˵ֻԸãʺϿһԺ
ֱһֻɫɫߵĺһֻɫ, ̵ĸСǼȮ, ˸ϵĸϵĻ򶼲, ֪ǳ϶ǿһԺԵĺ֡
ٹ£ȹ̶̣ܰǶȥҶɩ˵ƿŴ뿪⿴磬һ, ȻֺǺǵ˵˵, ͼˡ
պ³Է, ǰֵ⻹ûأﻹЩˣԾͰƬƬ̹ԡҶɩûǻؼҾ¾ͣȥʼ
ʺϳԹӣǹףڹﱻù趼˳ˮȾŨɫм֡
ƬɱƬ֭Ҷ褼ʱֻо쳣Բһζ
ҶԵʱпԼóԣ׽ҰƤģѪɴһζҪʱ
Ұӵۼˣɿȫͺܺóԡ
Ҷ˵׽ҰǶɺϣҲ֪´ʲôʱˡ
ˣ뿾ȫˣôⶼ²ס졣ҶɩһۣȻҶιԵҲǹ跹һڽһں
극Ҷ̫ҶٹǴʮǼǵùҹ
Ҷ褸˵Ӧһ
űҶ̫Ӳһ뿪ڻؼҵ·ϣΧΧڿڱǴֻ¶һ˫۾
ҽǵĶˣҶʵ
뿪ʱѾˣΪ̫࣬Ȼں棬Լܵӹӻش
ǹƻкܳһʱ䣬ҶЩ룬ûҽҲ֪Ǹʲôˡ
·жһ㣬ڵģһϲ㡣
Ҷһô֪ʲô
ϣ￴һգôࡣ
Ҷ褰˵˵֣ˡ
һЦüϾȻЩãˣ͸񡣡
˵СҶ밲кηԸ
ҶֵᶼЦ˳ȿȣˣôԽԽ
ס֣תʮָۣȴһ˵ﲻˣ
Ҷ褸оĶ΢΢һ죬ʵѾĹϵԽ֪ߣŲɲԨȥȻȴһֱû¶ֹ
ֻǡҶ뵽뵽ҽֻĹϵܽ
һβµʲô֣سŵұá
Ҷû𻰣ͷһһ졣
֮һֱû˵ֻʮָ·ϣһա

Ϣǹ꣬ǵĳڴʮϳҹߣ꣬ûȥ˯Ͼµһ꣬ҲµĿʼȻֻǾףȻϣܹǣٱٳִִѡ
ԸʱҶ褱ġ
һĶˣץʦٳֵüΪ֣ϰСľ־ȵȳĶȡΪȵСץһС⵹õԺǸˣϾҲǸѧģܹӳиҵҲǼõ¡
֮⣬мϲϼϲ·ǱȵϺɻڳʱŻ²ֹС´ȷУѾ£̥ȵ
һȷʮϲԽѯС´Ҫעĵط
ںɻΪֻҪСעⲻҪˤԵѪʳＴɡ
ɻϽҲܸˣǼҾˣǼįЩĺӣü
Ҷɩ˴յɻߣ˵Щע
һǼ˵˵⺢Сʱ򴩵İ»ɾأͷϴϴ͹ȥ
ϴͳˣֽ㴩İǴȽʡִף
˺ɻϲؽˣðȵѶǺòϣһûֵܣѹƵԼ
һڰ֣ҲһһӾһҲҪѹס
ֻǸдʣϾȻС˲ܴǿ԰Ѳϼóѡ
ɻ£˾͸мˣΪã޵Ļ˶ϡٵ˼ңԾ
ץ֮ҼҾڵˡ
˵һһˣͷȻҽҲҶ褵һμ
ϸ˵ֻҪվһ𣬱˿ǵյ׵ĸӣʣֵĲٸͣһ˫β۾ӦŴŵĸס
ҽһżϵٵͷ˿ʵͣҶû뵽ǣȴƽرǳЦʱ򻹺׺͡
褸ɣǸúӡ
Ҷʮּǰסҽĸ첲ǰ褸к
Ҷǰҽá
ҽ˵ӦһúӣнˣͽһҲǡ
˵תͷҶ㣬浱ȳأңȽ˵׼㶼
ҶЦⲻߴ·𡣡
ҽӣʮе磬Ѿ塢ʮˣѵȽʮ˵ͣ˶Ϊʮꡣ
ֻΪµɫЩú
ǿյϣҶ˵һƬǿտģõķҲªֻпյغͻ¯ӣ϶ס¶ˡ
ҽһأ漴ͷû£Ǵʹúպס£ٶҲ졣
νʾҶٺҽһ¾ͿʼȻװƴܾͳˣķһϱǸǣٰĻȥɡ
ΪʱޣװҲ࣬һġˣʮʾˣ˵ҽͼһǵķӣһ
ɫûȫʱʾѾȫװˣǵȼܿƬյϾ
Ҷʱ򣬽˸һЩǣɱ𿴲ͷЩζȻܽٶ˳⣬ÿ˺һͷǿԵġ
ҽȻûиһҶصд


133 ˼
ϳҶҽ, иԵļ˺򸴡Ҷǣд͵Ĳɫӡ⡢Ź, һĴˡ
ҽпϴμǷھ߳, Ĵ˵˵к, ˵ÿţĶĶá
ҶЦŵͷ⺢СʱûҰֱ۴, ҲЩúãԵøûʲô𡣡
ҶĸҲĿҽĸھ߳Ǽǳ԰ټҷģٴһЩ, ҽ˿ʼ, ˵ԽģʵҽΪס
ͺáҽο˵
ҶֻܵûϾʵЩΡ
ںܿǵĻʹӼת, Ҷ褲֮ʡ
ȿڵҶ, ѯʵ֮׼ںδ
ҽʱɫ, ʵش𣺡ԭڸѰһķϲسǽؽȻһ·Ƿ棬Ǻںسǣ̮̫, ɳȥĳ˵سҲ, Ҵԭͷ
ⷬ, ͬںسȷʵǵضĵطѵķ϶ڶûȫ˵û˾סķϵý
ҶҲȥѾֲͶãķ֮ϲŸɫֲľӦоУදУƵǴΣգȷʵʺϾס
ҽףʵڲУұڸһˮƽԭ޽ӵˣʿ٣޽㹻
ҶԽӻǵõůػ֮УҪ涳ӲʵѾڸӣһת۾͸¶ʵˣʵǲ㡣
ûǰô䣬ҲǵˮɱԼʮȣƽһûӣΪ϶ѾϰˣһûϺ˹ǻᱻߵ¶ȶùǺ
ҽǶǾģ߳Ȼ¶ȲߣǷĺιʱε˶վȣȺ˵ϼѵģҪԭǷ̫
ҽ˵ʱ¾Ҫ鷳ˡ
Ҷ԰ڰ֣Ƶ鷳عϡٶһ˶װ£ԱʳҲṩضˡ
ҪܺպҲи֣£ܻҶһһٶõĺ¡
ҽЦ£ɣǾͲˡ
Щ֮󣬺ɽܿʱǿṩשߺשһΪˮĲϣʺϽӡҶָ˵
ҵǴӰ˵Ǹˮ࣬棿ҽʵ
شҶңָŽŵ˵ǲŵĵˮģȻשÿǷֽʵʯͷɫҲˬߵĴϻҲˮཽģȸɾߵʱҲˤӡ
ҽ˵ȻǺö
Ҷ˵£ʳԼɻ󣬡ҲûдȺ𣿡
˵߳ǵȺܣѾ߰˰ֻĹģʱṩӦǺ͸һЩСǣȡʣϾ߳ǵز֣ÿջʳʵ࣬㲻˵θڡ
ҽܿͻشҴ˼ʮֻֻΪ·δ֪˺ٶȾһЩƻҪһʱܹ
ԭˡҶ褻Ȼ
Ҳ֪ûȮеĻǿԸѧһ£ǵȺȫ˸ϣ٣ʱܹϵùҪպˣܲܵȥɣϾͶ࣬˶Ҫ
ͷǴ⣬ĴǸմѧĺӣҳǶΪι֣úͣʵǼ¡
˵£һȺ˱㿪ʼԲ˺ȾƣͽȻһｻ֮£ÿ˶Ǻġ
ҽձ￴׾ƣ
Ҷͷûζһ㣬ζҲأֻܵǲ
ҽֺһڣ漴пڣеĺȾͲˣҲȲҾơ
ҶʢһͷȻ˵׾ҲҪٺȣ˵ˣǧٺȾơ
Ҷ⻰һ㶣æʵôˣ
ҽڰ֣˵˵ơ
Ǹ󲡣ûǰȷʵӦȾơҶѾƺŲԼǰָʢһԲԲӣζ䲻
ɫŹԲھ¶ȲߣѾûˣɺܺóԣ˷׷׳޲ѡ
ϯʱѾ߹ߣһ˷ҽסķⶰˣʮָɾ춼»ġ
Ҷſͣ£˵ҾͲȥˣʰӦòȱ
Ӧһؼ˯Ѿˡ
˵ëΧԼȡҶΧϣǳɫΧⱣů
Ҷ褵ͷ°ĦΧϣЩģҲϢ
ã翴ӰʧŽȥ
ս㿴ҽмˣҲ֪ܼҼֳȥ
ҽ²˵˼ҡ
ɫû˿仯֪յĶס
϶һ˱㲻ı䡣
ҽŲֶһ£ģ
ǡ翴ᶨĻش
һ°ڹڵϣǶӲТȫ
ҽԳ̾һ⺢ӴСԼ⣬ĲְҲû谭㣬ֻ褸ҶҶΨһĺӣҪˡ
̧ͷƶҼȻ̹ףȻѾ׼
Ķӣҽ˽ⲻˣһ鼫ûʲôܹΨΣܸоļᶨ
˾Сҽ̾һ·˺üƵģպǸҶԲ褸ԻŻ
˵лл
ʱˣȥϢɡҽû˵ʲôֻվߡ
һҶҲڷǲٽˣȻǴСһ𳤴ЩҲ֮УȻôȥһᱻ˷֣治֪ʱô졣
Ҷ뵽㷭ԼѹͷϣҪȻЩ̹ףֻ֪̹ףѲֱӸ˵ϲ᲻ų
Ժһֱھ⣬Ҳ֪ʲôʱ˯ȥģһҹڹ½ξڶʱ
Ҷ褴ǷӴ߽ů͵Ѱϡ
ƿžͿķѩڴѩڴϣԵøµš
Ҷĸֵˣ
ҶСϵѩĵЩѩǸɵģûʪۡ
û˯𣿡Ҷĸһ
һ²Żشãôˣ
۾׵ö͹ˣСèƵģ۾±ߣһƬࡣҶĸ˵
Ҷæ̽ͷˮϿ˿ˮӳһʮƣȦ׵ƤϺۡ
׼ҸۣͿŰõļݵǰ

Ҷ褽ӹ۾ϣȵĴ˿
Ҷĸ߰緹˹˵ʲô¶ʱԸ˵һ˵ܻء
緹̶Ժһ̰ײ˿⻰Ҷ褷۾һ٣βŴûʲô£û˯ãΪ˯ʱƽĵ㡣
Ҷĸ֣ȴûֻ˵ǸϽԷɡ
Ҷ褵ͷܹעӣְѷ۾ļһڿڳ꣬ȻſʼԶԡ
ΣһֱŵҪʧˡ


134 źͺڶ
褸, 褸
ҶڱҶϸ첲ʱŷӦ˽ʣôˣ
Ҷɻؿûش, ʵ, һôˣĲɵ, ϵĵ͡
Ҷ褾Ѳŷϵĵڲͣزæҡֽջֻҧһ㣬ʹǵûܽקˮ, һģˤڵء
߾磬ַܿסĸ첲վȺŴӹͣҶҲûж, ǸȴһĻ, ߺ㹳Ҳÿıʱҧ㹳ڳǰڱϲͣԾ, 㶼ҳ˾Ө͸м
һ׳ͷ, Ѿܳɵļˡ
ҶԶ, ѯҶ褵Ļ׵Ժ󣬺ĽĿڵû뵽һ㣬ʲô𣿿̽ҡ
Ҷ褿ͷӽһߵˮͰȻ㹳», Űѵ͵ݸ
ӹҶԵĻ, 漴٩Ƕȥܵ͹, 嶼˵Ҫľʵʵڰϵҧˡ
һڱ۵ҶҲ˵褸ѧѧһһէģԼһĹվ˶ٴΡ
Ҷ⻰Χһۣ˹ȻܰͲ˵һȴҲԾֹҺֵܿ㣬˷׷׵ϲȻǲȱԣҺı·Ҫ㣬ֻҪѲóˣܵľԼȤ
һҶ̾ͻصԼλϣʼ㡣
뿪֮Ҷ褰ѵ˦ŸƯٴοʼ
Լһʱ˶ջ񣬶Ҷ褣Ͱ㣬ÿжʮأһͰװ£ٵҶԣҲһС㡣
ǺܿһɢԻؼҡ
Ҷ褺żͰҶߡ
ʱҶĸ̾ϲ˵û뵽ǻܵ
˷Ͱ㣬Ȼ˵һͷ㰡ýȡ
Ҷ˵罷ͷԣ
Ҷĸڰ֣ĵĽ͵ͷʺ̰ɫģˡ
Ҷ褲̫˽Щ£˵ͷǾ͵ųˡ
ţȽϢҶĸ˵ͰͰᵽԺʣ㵹ſڵˮףܿˮϾͽһ㱡
Ҷ褽ݺ鷿Ӽϳһ׼ĥʱ䣬ſַ
ֱ۾±ߵĺ౻ʱ򣬲Żعɻؿ硣
ô࣬ҡ㿪˸Ц˵ҶҶ᲻˵㣬Ҹ״Ҳҷͷҡ
Ҷﵹ˼Ȥҷ
ͷ汲һľ˵Ȼһ£Ҷеǰӣƻʵĵģ˴ϵ֪
㱻𣿡Ҷ褺ʡ
šͷȥʱ򡣡˵ѾΪƽ
ҡûʲôһȻʼνļҷʮҷһûҲܹ⣬ʱľٶʵڲ侲иõķȴѡʵġ
Ҳû˺ãɫûҶ褵ǣЩǰ˵ĵڽļ½½ȫ⣬ûĻ֣˭ء
ġսҶ褵˵״̬ʵڲãһжҺòã͵Լʲô֪
ҶҲ֪Լֵ̫ԣԼܾУҲңôܶ㰡˵¡
ͷã˵㡣
˵ڴ˾£һν֮ڿڣԸһģͷ롣
⻰飬Ҷȴܹᵽе⣬۾ᶨ˵Ҳǡ
翴·ڷ۾һչȥһǡ
Ҷ褰Ц£̷ΪĴǡ
ڶϡ£潥񣬳ΪһĻ
ҶĸǳȥԷʱҶϿ飬½ǴģҶ褽˼ȤĹ಻ͬһЩ飬С˵ĴڣҲ֪½ôġ
ڿľһйؾֵ飬еġի־졷ֻһЩһ꾫Ĺ¡
Ҷ褿м͵꾫˵ɣҲΪƭ˲ŵϲ˵ӦðɣҲΪҪѡ˼޸
ͷȷʵˡ
ҶĸŽǣˣϽϴϴֳԷԵġ
ľˮȵģҶ褰ַݣһǷϴɾ
ݵʱûҶҶ褱ѯʵأ
ҶĸָһĨץչֱʻչϣȻַڶ£˳شҲһ緹ù
˵ƿչǣ˲һðŨζʹҶһ
ɫףǵ˺ʹлԱ߻м۵ĶɫԱʮǿң˵ʳ
һ⣬һһΣαζȽأ·Ҷ褾һ˾ܳһס
ϵǻǹҶĸһʢһ룬˳㻹׷ӲǳԲߣͿ԰ѷݽ
Ҷ褵ͷȲض˿ǰһ˵ζҪѷɫ֣Ҳܲˣ۶ɢÿһоˣͬˣ۵ģһ˳ɤӻȥ֭۶Ҳʣʵζ
׷ҲܺóԣݷҶϲĳԷ֮һ˵úˡ
һɫζȫ緹꣬Ҷ褾̱ʳģȥҡΣѾǼǳ³衣
һϡ
ֻ¶ȵ׻ǱȽϵ͵ģ´ţǺ䣬ǺܿͰνݡ
ǲŸսȥҶ͹ˣһģһһ㱡ͷӱ̽
Ҷæӭȥ̴ֻųֵظǡ
ҶǲҲҪˡ
Ҷ˵û£͸
չʵȡʲô֣
Ҷ褿ֻ¶Ḷ́ش𣺡ֻŰߵĽţɫľͽкڶô
ûͬ
ҶҲͷֺּüǣϡ
Ҷźͺڶͷʣֻأ
ԼҶ˵ҲҪȮɽԣöǺȮԾȫˡ
ԭˡҶ褵ͷ
Ҷִһ뿪֮ǰҶĸصЩ㳦
ҶǺһþֻ̺һѣ˳ЩͷԣҶ褼ǳԵýζ˿


135 ̹
ûҽµ˾Ⱥ, ٣ͬȺҲܶ࣬һȺ˽֮, Ⱥ㲻ڶ, ĵطڳǽԶ, ˻㳳֣ýмԹԣҽͨԣܿͷԸܼһЩǼ˼
аκڶӵĳʳ, ʹЩ˶⣬ԳһԹԣ߻ЩҼҾ˶Ҫľ̿ҪΪס, Ļѹʵʵ, ¶Ҳߣʱ̿ΪҪˡ
ľͷճľ̿ڵµú̿ǳȡůȴǰ, ԭȼղֲһ̼ŨȲͬ, ú̿˵ľ̿ȫһЩ, ֻҪѴʵ΢¶һ϶ˡ
Ȼˣú̿ҲԼôȼͷųߣʺڸֹҵʹ, պů, ǵƾҪȫ, ˮࡢשҤնܼ衣
Щ˶ҶڿǵģҶ褵ǲòô࣬˿飬չֻ̡
ڣͶһʳ̷źͺڶǰȲؿʼ£ֻۿɼٶ½ţȡ֮մ°ͺͺϵҺ
Ҷ褰ǵͷúӡ
Ҷĸ˵СףҲ֪ǲΪźͺڶЩ
ҶСױЦݣͷȥСףҲȥ㡣
ҶĸӦһ
Ҷߣ¹Ƕ˱ջ֣ʳϴɾ
һ͹ˣҶҶĸԷġ
ⷬ£һ۲ʵҽڼסĲã
ڰ֣ĻֻΪ˸лҶҶǰˡ
Ҷĸش𣺡ãһʱ硣
Ҷ뿪ʱüͷ΢壬ϯóĽۣ֮¿϶Խ̹Խá
ҹҽѾ֪ˣ뵽Ҷ褾ʵҽ֪𣿡
һбΧʻش𣺡šûҲҶҶԷ̹ס
Ҷ¸ѵ촽ԥҲ֪Ǹòô
ҶҶ֪ˣֻһֱûͱһ㴰ֽĴָĦš
ǶǼģټദû΢עЩ˾ܲ
ҶҲ֪һ㣬̾ԾƹˤˣǾ͵ʱ˵
ְģһжҡ
Ҷ褿۾ľȻƽ˼֡
ҶҶĸʰͰʱҶ褹ȥ磬ɫʮַḻ໹ҶǴûģһֻĿȫ򣬰˿̶֮ģֻһȫҲԳ֮ΪҲ㹻ˣҪǡΡεˮ滹ͷ֮һζûУζֻʣʴ
ҽ߳Է߸ǽ£Ǿֺ߳£Ҷǽζ
ԵһҶĸͻȻ̧ܣȴû磬Ƶʣأ
ҽֶ£һ
䣬ʹˡ
ҶкԷٲϷˡ
ȴûģǰһ°ڹǰ˲侪ҶվæַЩ޴˵ôˣ
ҶĸҲ˵úӿ˵
ҽȴֹǣǽ˵
Ҷ˵ͿҶҲͬڵϣԱߡ
ǣסˣȴмֹȻ˵˼ڡ
ֱͦ˵ҺͰãȫ
⻰һҶĸֻһͷĿѣͬʱһֳ䶨̤ʵֲɵϹӣദ֮ͷɻǰһģһôûв
ֹҶҶɫȴûʲô仯Ҷ褵ʱ㱣ԷԵ٣Ĳͬǿ˸¶мֲ²⣬˵аյǸ²⡣
뵽Ҷ̾˿ԵҶĸ֣ȻʵǵҪˣ
ҶصͷӲТȫ
Ҷĸֹôأ⺢ǴӵظӲקģСʱкüζûȻ
ʱֻƽЩʵǸԸѾվסš
ںӳ֮ǰⱲûк׼ֻǰЩ׼һѣûʲô
ټչȵҪģ˵䲻ģҪһӣƶҪչΪ룬籣ڵ״䡣
뷨ҶĸԺҲһɲǵĹҶͬȻ
һۣȻһҽο£
ҽʻ㻢һΣҶӣȻ˽˵ʮֲ飬רһ϶ңպ۸褸ҵһӦҷˣҲ۸ˡ
Ҷһ£ҽĺɫľСô֣֪ϻжۡ
Ҳ˵ĲԣҶıˣҲ˵ѹֱӷֿһĲߵȻҲʱģԼܻ
粻֪ʲôֻǶҶҶĸĵҶ԰褲ãɴá
ҶҶĸҽǸʵĺͬҽˣĻشȴҲ㹻ˣʹҽԣּɡ
ҶҶĸֿ˵Ϊ˸ĸֻϣܹúãֻҪǺúùӱա
Ҷĸǰɡ
Էʱ˶ЩĲɣҶʳ֪ζĳһٷﵽ׻Щ
ؼ֮Ҷĸֿʼ˵Ļ
㶼ǵΨһĺӣĶС£ֻҪǵԶͺãǷ˻еΪ㶵ס
֪㻹ǲǵãֻôʱһزҶĸȻ£ҶȷʵǵãΪǳŽָϱӵļ䡣
ʱҰݹֻϣܺúûȷʵûүү˵޻ۣʱҾҺһûкӵԼүǿͯӣֻ˼䲻ʺ㣬ԲŶֶѣʱʼҺֻúûš
Ҷĸ˵Ҷ褵ĸ첲㲻ҪƲ֣Բ˯õģۣʲô²ֱ˵أ֪ԭ˿
ҶûסһѱסƵ˵лл
Ҷĸļյܺú˯һ
Ҷ⻰΢΢£ˡ
ǿȥϴɡҶĸɿ֡
뿪Ҷȱ˵Ȼ׼浱̹ˣһЩ
ҶĸҲ̾ɲǣǻŸߵպӺǵĺһ£ٵиˤİɡ
ҶȴҪӼ̣в޸ĸĹ¶ܴ֮ѡһá
ĺǸĸţǾͲ縸ĸ˫ģұĹϵҲ˶ܽܣ㺣ǽˣǵҲһܽܣ˵ĸƤ¶Ҫķһ롣
Ҷĸܿ˼ͷǣպһƷԺõĺӵҲ
ţɫšʼС𻰡
˵и׾֣˶ʧʧѵĺӺʧӵˣ಻٣ʱлֻպĸܲһֱùгǮɡ
ЩӻᱻŮܻӭϾŮ١


136 
Ҷ̹֮, Ҷ褺ķŻ˶ڽʱ㲻ٹڵǣ֮ദƽҲûʲô, Ҫǰͺ׽, ֻû˰, øȻ
ڣҶ褸հ£ͿһȲݸ
ӹһ, ȻʵҲ׼𣿡
ҽѾڼǴһʱ䣬˸ԭסȻнӴģĲ˵Ҷ褿Ա֤ʣµȺûϵĻˣЩСë, ̰, ռС֮ģܳ˵ӵĳ̶ȡ
ҽױһЩ˾, ֻΪҽͬûĵ˵, ֻ׽˶ֹ, ϾҪǿɲһС£ٵø˶һ顣
ͬȻҲвͬģͬҪԭǿǵѾгһӦλö, Ҫ, ʹҪ, ƽ˶Ȼνҽǻʵ׷ĽֻƽգȲ˵ԼԸԸ⣬ױ϶ǲġ
Щǵ뷨ҽԼЩ֪ͬºЩּɣҪΪպӿ϶ڼǣټҲСˣֱ
ؽһǳѣҸԭȵسǽ޽Ҳ鷳Ҫǰ׼ȻҲҪѺܳһʱ䣬޽Ĺǻ޷ʱи֣ҲʹŽһ궼ջ
ڴˣҽױ쾭飬ջǾڼǡ
ҶԴҲǸˣûþڼټȫǵ£ҽղĬպǳλôʻҶ褼̳УͿԽҶҵλá
ǵĳûʲôȻǸֵģǺҽΪλΪҪ޳ΪҼҾṩʳ߱ҪĽġ
Ҷ¶꣬ǱҼҾԱʳһȺٵȺ޳׸˼ǣǵպůˣǳҪѰǿҤשˮ࣬н·
ҶȥȦȺʱרŸչǡ
ȦȦţһҲԱߣӶǱȽϸߵשͬдڵ¶ȻͣǶ˵á
Ҷ褿СιȺԶʵĸжֻ
а룬ǸʮӣƽƽȽŲã˵ҲĲ£ӥ֮۵ĳƺţһȡùٲɹֻһսΪ͵Ϯȳһȡ
ҲԷլ˸ܼңԴֺͱȥȺˣҶëƷҲϵҶһֱϵʶ
ָȦ˵ĸȦһʮֻǹȦһʮֻ
ʮֻټϼԭеĶʮֻʮֻѾ˰١
˵Сһֻʮһֻĸ̡ͬ
Ҷ£п治٣úõĻպǲɽԡ
ҲͷɲǣĵǿԻȥǳĳλʳвϺ޻ҲǼġ
Ҫ֪̿Ǽܻӭġ
Ҷ¶һĨЦ⣬ֲ޻һοβȱ޻Ȼ٣ÿ˶һݣǵȹֲͺˡ
Ц˵ضǺãҹǸϲֵصģֻϣպֵܾء
İɣҪڼ仧Ǽ¡Ҷ褵
û˵ѻҪ֪ƶ仧ʱͺܼ򵥣ֻҪʵʵڳһʱ䣬ʱﲻ͵ˣԼɡ
ȻˣҲеߣǾǲɱˣˣ͵ȲΪ֮һ˾ͻᱻϳȥ
Ҷ褺Ȧ￴һȦͻؼˡ
յҾͿҶĸ档
Ҷ褿һ۹ǽϵŻȻ򣬽ʮԪڣϸóԲ
ʮ֮͹ˡҶĸԲãųһŷڰϡ
ҶӦǰ
Ҫ֪һʮ壬֮ӾͲǹ꣬Ľֻ
뵽ְ￪ʼԲԲǶɳģĲ˵϶ڡ
Բൽһ룬ҶĸͻȻ£æҶ褺˵ҪլԷ
Ҷ褿һ磬Ȼͷá
ʱҶĸûһȫԵԲʢںԵøףҶֻ˰˸ԲڹȻϣЩζ΢΢üͷ
Ҷĸ״ʢһ̲˳Ե㣬ٳԺóԵġ
Ҷ褰ڰ˵û£̲Ҳܳԡ
õԲŵϣԺһͶýʵʵˣҶĸȥլʱʹһԲ⡣
ȻǼʢģ˶Եýζ
Եһ룬ҶɩͻȻ£Ҷ̫׼ȥһýżң˵ӻҲ˳׵ͣýýŰע㡣
ⷬ˶ӷ̧ͷҶæķ˵Ҳżٵȵ¡
ӻҲȲظ͵ҲǣһûСʦѧҽأҪˣºټѧϰ
Ҷɩ΢΢üܲһֱɣҲСˡ
Ҷ̫ڰ˵ǼȻô룬Ȱ˵ɣҲû󣬶ʮʮСᣬǲҲҲ֪ΪζԸס
ҶɩһרĸҶιҶε̾˵Ůծھͺͬһ㣬ڲļӣҲ֪ʲôʱǸͷ
Ҷ̫Ҷ褺֣ǵǸһ¡
ҶЩؿ磬ͷһ׼ȥֻǻûȣ־ͱס
֪ΪҶ褾ƽˡ
ڵҶ褿үڿϣһ˺̣صسš
ǽҶͷѺ̴ó̾Ըģ
ȻҶүҲ֪ˡ
һ򵽵ϣشǡ
ػҶ̫ǵһ˰β˵⵽ô£
ҶʵԼĶ䡣
ǵôѹȻΪʢз磬Сͯү޷⡣
Ҷͷֳһ̣ɡ
Ҷ褽վһߣһֱû˵ãҶͷſڵӺ벻öԼģҲǰæֻҪǲڣҲûʲô˵ġ
˼Ĭ֮ĹϵҶһɣ漴̡
Ҷ̫ǱҶͷܵø磬ȰҶ褵ļ磬ֱʱҶ褲ʶ֪ʲôʱʼĸӾȻ̸ࡣ
Ժһúùӡ
ʱĺۼϣ·Ҷ褿۾һᣬ
﷢ģáײĲҾ緢ϡ
Ҷ̫ʣҪҪڼƣ
Ҷ⻰ȴǰڰ֣ˣǹ˵ɡ
Ҷ̫ͷҲС
⣬ܿҶҲ֪£ǶûʲôӦҪѾּˣҶҲ⣬˵лѣֲ⡣


137 
ů, ڵ˿ӣҪ֪ڶʱ޽ٶҪסķӿɲǼ£Ҷ褸Ǹп, Ҳ֪ʲôʱ޽ɡ
Ҷ, ȻЩ, ǹҪ½ˡʮ䷿ӣΨһõһ޽ķƶܼ򵥣ӣס˵, һéȴÿУǹģλм䣬λ÷, Ƚϴ, һһȥֻǸտʼæһʱ, ͿԿʼ, ǵؽ, ֮ľͿϼӡ
ҶЩźǣûѡõůȫõĻȡůȻѾòȡůˣǵø궬׼
׻Ǳȵů, ճ˵, ǻ޽𿻻ȽϺá
Ҷû뵽޽, ׼ء
ĵȻǲ٣Ǽǵźͺţ߸һƬĵأܴҪȫѳѾ㹻ָ仧ڳˣʣ࣬һջʱеʳҲӦӡ
ȻǷӿЧʵũߣȻһ׵¡
ӲݣӲݷΪֿ֣ݻƵҰݻ˵ֻҪóͷŲݸһٳˣǿ׮ͺ鷳ҪþӸٳ
Ҷ·ЩĿȻڻĵ￪ʼݣǱǰѻĵظϣΪ¾Ǵʱ򣬵ø֮ǰѻꡣ
ʱҶ룬Żĵûһ°ɣǶɽ£ӹˣǵʰʰȻԺģ׹
ҶͬɲǣΧʣֹСܽʳ
ĻҶ׵ͷ˵
ҪȻŪɽͲˡ
һµҶңųڶɽ½¶ڵرľȫ֦̣ҰݵǲרšֻҪûһˣĲľһһֺܺõķϣռڿӷ
һʫô˵ģҰղ紵
ֺأҰݵ˳ԾֻǼûݣͳһѣģܺǣҪȻͻռλúͷʳ
ȳǻܷɣƽء
ҪǰѸߴڳõ̧ʹطƽȻѳ﹡Ҫ֪Ҫˮͱ﹡;ߺֲԺҪ
Ū﹡Ϳʼѷʣõķ㣬ЧȲ˵ΣǸζš
ҶֻȥһξͱĹǺԭһ̣ϰ˾ͺãûϰߣͱҶɻȥũˡ
ǲֲˮС͸߰׺֮ġ
ĵһأҪĴ飬ýʯͷѻ
£ʵ߻Ǻ䣬Ǹɻʱֹ֣ȴкʱɹгʣĵ׼Ȳ裬⵹Ǽ£Чʡ
µײŽлĵض꣬պøϴСβͣҪ˵ʲôǾֵʳ಻ͬܳԱ֮ĿǳԵúã˼Ǵ󲿷ֵ϶СҲֵˣӵǶЩҪΪƷܻӭǶͶϲ˾Ͳ١
Ҷ褼Ƕ˼ĶصˮҲм˼һʼֲˮȻֵĲ࣬ôǿ˸ͷպˮ˼һԽԽࡣ
괺ʱ´ũ˴󹦣رˮ£ڹϰ˺ܴæ˶޲ڡ
ʱǻ˳˸ڣҶĸҶ褺ɽİݹϣȻְѸҩʰðۻƺͲڣǳǳɫûκͼǴɫģźɫӣԵøƯ
ЩϿԤ߳ϣ̫СЧ̫ãҶĸѡķʽǾɨ嶾
ҥ˵ڣȣ嶾ѣ
±Ϊ¡¡Ϊһ£ˮ࣬ʪĿϸ˺Ⱦ߲
ͬʱ嶾ν嶾ָľߡЫ򼡢ڻֶڻʵûжģҶֻΪóǲŽҲڶ֮С
˵Զˣϸ˵˵ɨ嶾ɣʵҲð˺ߵĹ൱ڰһεĴɨһڴǰһξڶڣպǰꡣ
Ҷ褼мҾ߶ϸһ飬Ǹ깽ǣпܲ߳ϵĵطǸŲɨɨ
û뵽ǣȻ﷿ӵ¿һ󣬵ʱҶԼֻֻ߰ģʣ¶ǸճССһֻëûɫļһ𿴵ֱġ
ӳҶʱɨڵϣҪֻ󳤵ʮֳªҸͷСԵ
źͺڶߣֻ¶̬ʱΪǿ¾ҧǣƽȮѵʱһʬܵҶǰֻѪܵڵϣȻҡβͿһҪ佱ӡ
ҶҲûְܾúӡ
ͿҶ̽ͷ￴ͬʱϻֻѪĴ
ô󶴱
Ҷ˳ȥҲˣҵ˵ҺǴɨˣҪȻС󳤳ɣﻹ֪ʲôء
Ҫֹ֪͵ԼʳЯвͼ棬һСľͻᴫȾˡ
Ҷĸ˵﷿ϴǹʱȷʵûôע⡣
ҲЩƣʳûܲܽؽ͵԰ɡ
Ҷ⻰ǷӦҼǵ﷿ﻹЩûĶȥԵģֻһֱûȸˡ
Ҷĸ˺һ뵽ǰѶȥһۣȻڶıϿӡ
ȻͷˣҶĸװЩȥ󶼸ӵéǽֽ⣬϶ѷأҪЯŲͼ棬ҶԸⶼԸ⣬ԭҶĸźͺڶԣûͬ⡣
Ϊһ󶴣Ǽʱ͸棬ڼûСû
ŰңҶ褻бӺͷڲݵϿʼɹȵջȥ
ɨ嶾һֱȻҶĸʼϴְӡ
ҶõҶǽ³ģǰùģɺܼͣû˿ֻΪʱ΢΢ƣŲ̫ÿ
Ҷúһӵ㣬Ҷһ뵽Ͳǡ
Ҷĸ׼ϣһǺڵģһѼ̵ڵģǰõǸɺ棬ȥ˺ˣպǺܺóԣ߾ˣҲǵһ֪ζΡ
Ҷ褺ܿͰ˰ԺӣҶ̯ƽԲ׶ǴŴףٷŽȥ棬еҶһЩܰ棬ľһ棬ŴʣµĿմ
ϵӵõǺߺͰߣ߰Ǻӣ̵߰ӣ̣һĿȻ
һЩҶŴףֻûк̵ˣҶĸԾȫ˰ӣԺֱպǳԡ
úðҶоӨ͸Ŵ¶ǰĺ⽫ŴȾƯķɫҶЩǣȻʼպųԣζȷʵܺãŴճŴߴߴһҧȥ𣬺ǱɹɵģȺܸߣټϰǣͺһǷֳС
̵һ䣬˸ʿڣ̵ƵͽŴϣʹÿڸϸ塣
źͺڶ˴󹦣ܳŴףҶĸصǶ⽱ǡ
˶ԺԵøˣº͵紵Ҷǰȫҫӡ
˯ʱ̫ζıһֻоȫ泩
л˵
رæټϿģƵʿܻܵӰ죬ʮֱǸ


138 
ڹȥ֮, ˣλε̫ڰУһ֮ڵ²üС, ˵жʮȵĻ, мʱ͸ߴʮ, 磬¶ߣƽûԸȥڼ, ȻŴ󳨣Ҳû⣬ΪҲȵģ
ʱֻܿӾľˮˣҶ褼ݵשϰ辮ˮ, ֪Ч, ôиο
ҶĸЩƵʣôȥҪôࣿ
ҶʻԼóȥռǱ, ȥտ, ¶ȷʵȥһЩ, ʼҪûиоĻӦҪ߸ʮҡ
ͻȻʶһ£ҶæֺռǶԷһ飬Ȼȷһɡ
ǰ꺮ߵ, Ϻ͸û˿, ӵ꿪ʼӦĹ, üһĻ;ǣ˵һĸʮ£ڶӭһϺѭ
ֱǰͬ͸»ЩصϤһļֻǻûڹȵĴ＾ֻʣ¼˵ڣ֮ͬйɣļʱ䳤¶ȺܸߣӦһǶʱ䳤¶ȻһЩ
ȥǶ쳤һ꣬ǰչɽһЩ
Ҷʶ֮󣬾͸пȷʵҪȵöࡣ
ʱǳȥ־峿̫ûʱ򣬾ҲΪٵ˱ȵҩܻӭҩľǽɺ;ջˣЩȽģɹɺݲζҲǲϲϲˮܺһ롣
ȵʵڽѰҶȷʱɵûյͷȣҲֻǻˣûеյͷǲͻͿƼƱġ
Ҷĸ¾ǰˮשϣϰѲһ飬ò˵ȷʵ˼֣װоˮľϱһȣһ˿Ϯ
Ϊ⣬ķҲУȾǳԺȷ棬͸ھˮȹĹϹ̶ЩǺܺóԵĶ
ǵֻҪɹ̫ʵ¶ȻǿܵģÿӶбĵطҶ褼Ҿ鷿죬ʱһӻ鷿ţԷҲǶ˵ԡ
Ҷ˵ҵʽǱѱˮѭıǺѸ̳ġ
Ψһпܳɹ½¸˵һַҲмһȻһм׶ʯϷһµˮͿƯˬܶ࣬൱ڹŴȻյ
ȻкôȻҲл鷳Ȳ˵ҲÿӶܴ򾮣ÿ±ûеˮЩûеģȥӱߴˮߵ﹫õˮˮ
ټˮأ컹ãܹһ˶죬ڶסҲʮ㣬ס˲Ǹ첲ۣͷۣ׷а壬˺ԸⳢַ
һֺѧķʽνľȻȻҶ褲֪ЧΣҶĸ˵ϣԺʲôʱȷʵٽ겻Ҷ룬ЧҲǼʼǰɡ
Ӿȵĸ½š
׵һ죬˻ڼ߳ҪѲߵĳǱˣѲߵҶ߹½ĺ˵Ѿûˡ
ҶԶ£ӦŻشɲǣˮ٣ǲõģֻҪӵˮλû½û¡
ҶͷλúãֻԵĵطһֵԸɺ׼
ҶԶ̾˵ңԼܹȥͲˣĶıˡ
Ĺ仰Ͳ˵ϾѲߡ
ǣϰʽͬڵǸɺһ£Ҫһֱ꣬ʳƲãҾˮȣҲвС©ĵطǼɽʮ鷳ÿζʮʮһ
һԱˮԴĵطǾ֪ˣôˮλû½ڳָɺЩջ
ͬһ켽ǳſͻȻһȺˣͷһɫٷ˿ϷģҶ褹ȥʱӾ͸оһϮҲ֪ôġ
˹ҲȣΪҶڸҶ˵ʱֳӺڣҲȫǺѾѴŵĹñʪˡ
ǵĹǲ뼯ģĳǳؾʣ¼ǺϸûﻥϿԳԣʲôҲһڼһ׻ᣬȤԴһЩʳƤëȥҲܻһЩĶ
Ŷ⣬ӳ
ҶⷬǿһȻ˵Ҫ
ӳͷǵȻᶨ³ˣʱ仹磬ҶԿ˽顣
³ȷʵ磬Żаµʱ䡣
ʱ˵ɫѾҪסһ
ӳһɫܾãҳŻѾӪկ
ҲǣȻǳ֪ͨǳأһлϾ߲ȫˡ
ȻҶûӾ˵֣ӿе֪سǺʹ䶼ִɢˣʣµ׳겻ٽи֣۵һγһЩķկܵˡ
ȻˣǷկˣǶҳŴ͵ĳ֡
ҶʶԼ˼άЩɢ㽫䳶ʼ˼йؼ顣
عһ䣬⣬ļǳأ
ӳûкܿ͸𰸣о߳ǣǣְǣһϷĳԳǡ
߳ǺͳԳǲö˵Щİû˵
Ҳ֪ǵɻӳžͽ͵߳ԭȵı߳ǣԭҴ󽫾ںˣ˵γǻᣬҲûԲ׼ǲġǺְԭǿǣΪػţûңܿͻ˹ز׻ʱӦú֡Գи̶ӣӦҲɣ
Ҷͷż˵Գǲȥ̶֪ͨӶӳ·̣ʱ֪ˣǳ֪ͨϷĳֻҪ˹ǾһͬʣһμӼͽ׻ᡣ
˵ֻ̾ǵûԤϵ򲻺ãôȣҲ֪жԸⶥչ
Ҳ̾ɲǣҪһӣҲ֪ôʳ
ѹӳ仰˶Ի
뿪֮Ҷ褾ص˵ڼǡ
㲻ǼҲ˶ǣ򲻻ôڲˡ
򸴵ͷǺ뷨ǶþһЩ
ȥ϶ҪȥģϾѵú˽ĻᣬֻȥαֵȷҪһЩ


139 ܲԲ
¶ĺ, ֻⷬȴҶڵùǺ¶Ҫˮȣÿ˶۵ò, Ͳ۳
ڵҹ, ҶҹʱԺһ, һ£ܿͷӦ⣬ӳëë꣬ò, Ųģм˼
أܼ溦
ڶһµøˣȻôȴû, Ҷýʪëȥд˯, ȳѹſ̾
֮ǰ꣬ʱ, ַ·ôߡ
Ҫ֪·϶ǲ·, Ţĵ·͹Ǻһ, Ͼû·棬еֻСЩ·㲻ϣҪԼ·ȳ
Ҷ⻰Ĩ˰⵹ǲõ, ǻ·, ʲôʱ, ʲôʱһߣǳҲûϵǵҪĿֲǲμӼᡣ
Ҷ褵ͷͺá
ǳ緹ʱҶ˵ҾͲȥˣһӻһ㡣
ҶӦһȻɻʣҲȥ𣿡
ش磬˸һҸ˵Ͳȥˡ
Ϊ߳Ҳյ룬Ҷ˼ҲȥҲԭڣϾˣǰھ߳ǵʱ򻹵ǿţµڵģһǲˣͷܿСëǳʹͿθ֮ʤö١
´ĹȴҲֻܻʹǾˣβõģҲҲÿ˵ʵûҪξ߳ǣҲҪ취жΣʵܲˣæȥҲǡ
Ǹүڵľ߳ǳ
䵽Ҷ褾ͿԼﱻһӣܿͽ¶Ժ󣬿ʼûڵӣֻ߹һǣ𣬵ЩζϻһᶹǣԾ͸ոպá
극һûͣΪ㣬ҶĸԾʹڼЩӻҪǱ֯ЬȣƤѥʵѰһŶˣӣǲģϴžһЬǹɳζֱӭƮ
һǾͻỻᱡ͸ĲЬõĲѲݣͺܼˣܴöỵǷЬˣҲܴһ¡
Ҷָֻɵ˼£ͰѲЬĴ¿ܸ˳ҪһĹɿʼ֯ʵֻҪҲǹ̶·ӶöԱ߱֯
ҶĸǸʮϤ̵֯ģϾǼÿ궼Ҫʮ˫ϵĲЬҪǰҶϲͬʱϵҲ죬ɽЬĥܿˣΪ˷ֹŵױƣûһ¾Ҫһ˫µģֱҶµķӣЬЬ׶һӲƤӰסż˲Ьϵٶȡ
ҶԼҲЬƤѥ˵ЬŸǧΪòݱ֯ĴӲˣǡǡ෴ЬһúõѲҲˣŲ
ͨѲɫƲģÿҲѿҶ褿һִӵ
ֻһʱ䣬ҶĸѾ֯һ˫ЬǶԣҶֻǾϸӣ֪һ
ʵҲˣҶ褴ϺߣȻЦ˵ĲЬԽԽˡ
ҶĸʣµѲպãܴУ⺢úóԣƫƫЩϸҲ֪Ϊʲô
ҶҲ֪ԭ治ɣײ裬ʵϵʱͺܲ˳ǱЬ̵ְֽҲûɹһЬΨһɵֻǸȳģϺ¶ֺʵǲۡ
ȻˣҪԭţԼҲƣһĲôĲô
̾˵Ҳ֪
Ҳʲô£Ҷĸ˵䣬תƻԸû£ȥԺܲϳܲԲӡ
ҶӦһá
϶׼ƵԺͿðˡ
ôˣҲΣҶ
ų´ȥҲģҲ֪ڶεЧô
ûժңһ˵ߣ߱˵Уϵǵսʱģ˰̺ЩһͲ´İЧ˵ûôˣհ껹˯þ
Ҷ֣չŶԡ
ɫָģҸѾ˯ˣ˯ǰصؽҹæ
ҶŵͷУһ극ǵøҲһݹȥ
˵Ǿͱ죬Ҫ߻ϸ꣬һˮ
İܲúãÿСֱôաܹԵøˮ顣
ܲʱҶĸҲ˳׵źȫŵͺõȡ
ϡպţҶĸűָҶ褵ȥɰôˣ
ҶĻӣߵһϰڵɰǰĨƿǣһƬ˲֮һһζ
źŹһʱѾζˡ
˵ܲԲըãǼҾ׼ˣڳԷ֮ǰҶĸص÷װܲԲ͵ҽ
һֱǲʽӡ
ܲԲӴŵܲ𣬼ʹըҲԵ壬źŹþãź˺ܳʱ䣬Ǵģһҧȥ֭ˮ
ٷǳԵúܰŴԹ߲ӣµҶֻȥϴ˯Ҳһ
˵ѾסǼңԭȻҽΪܼҵļǶӣԴС˺ѾߣСҲжʮġˣЩ˶ǰҼҸɻģôЩҽͰǣ˵Ѿɣٸź˵Ļ󲿷ֵȴһֱû뿪ŹǮɻ
ԭסļһҲ˱סϾǲūֻͣҼĹ¶һû׵ļգԳɼҺȢӣĻ⣬ǰûͬĵط
Ҷ褺˯ͬһ
ﰵĹ£Ҷ绳۾ö΢΢͹ĺᣬͺһ龫İʯһ㣬һɵָ̧ȥ
û˯ţܿ͸оĶʵ˯𣿡
仰ҶָĺῪʼ𶯣ջ̾˵ڵȥһ£Ͼλ˵Ƕ֪޲ȴž˼ҵĹȥ֮ͻ
絹ôΪסҶ褵ָϸϸ֪Ľǳ鱨Ǿ߳ǣ֪ҸףҲ֪γǻҺᣬȴ֪Ҹ׵ȥ֪ɴ˿ɼΪͨ籨ţ֪Ҳࡣ
һҶ褾Ȼķģ翴ͨ͸ҲΪǰĹѧó͸󿴱ʣҷǳ֪Ρ
뵽ҶǷһ˯ϯЩ˯
һǡ
ҲǡҶӺܿ˯ˡ
л˵


140 
ⳡµʱ䲻, ѮͣˣǰյĹԭŢؾͱɹøӲ, ˵׼ѼĿ̯϶ܸ졣
ͬʱǵ·Ҳ, ľӳ, ǵһ֮ԵҶͦ˵ģϾǸʶģ·Ҳദ
ȥǵһʮ, ׳Сӣ˸󣬶ʦѧ䣬˵һʮ˵㣬ԱȴǴ´, οǻΪһ, ڸ˾ְ˵ʵ
ҲֻҶ褺һ㣬Ҫ˱
ҶԼö˵, ԭǶҪһ, ʦӳ´, ҽֲټǴϵͷߣʵѡ
һ˳ʱһ¿ﷱܳĵ, һƥ, ʮƥ϶ʮ, ˲ӵߵûţĥȣʮƥֻʮʣµԸ·ϣ¿ҲҪһһҸϳʮˣ˾Ͷ˫Լˣź·İһȷÿ˶ܺúϢ
Ȼˣƻúúõģ϶Ҳ⣬ȾûԸʮƥѾϰͼһ¿·
Ҷ褺ûԼߣҪٶ̫ˣ߶˻ţһֱ¿ӳ˵ܴЩϢ
ڣǾѾ죬Ȼû·ȴѣҲ֪Ϊ·Ϊƽ̹¿治ַ
ӳ˵Ҫܰ·޳ͺˡ
ֲٶȼ죬·û¾±̦޺ľûˣʱʱ˶ţҪȻһöû
Ҷ֪Ǹû·
ӳ⻰̽ĵͷشֹ·ΪͶǵ˶࣬ǳأˣÿǳ֮䶼һ·ӣˡ
治٣ҶԺǼûǧ˼Ѿǵʮ
ڷ䣬ȿӳɫԽʱ򣬲̽ʵжٳǳػμӼ᣿
ӳûҲΪҪҫǸ˵ػشһǳҪμӣ֮ǰ˵ģһλвΪϳǵĳǳأųԳһϷгԳǹģ󣬾˵ˣϾϷõöֻ࣬ҪڷܹȥһϲšҪһЩǳǾٵģô˵иǧˡ
Ǿҽ˹ͶҲֻһǧң˵㣬ҶǵսȱĳǳزϾͶ׳ʿһ鲻ö˵
ӳҲ˵иôض࣬ʳʳ˶࣬ܵĳǳػʳУڸ࣬ȥҲЩջ񡣡
ҶЦ£ʵࡣ
ֻǼĹ䣬ͷԽǿˣڵҲԸн˺¿ʡһʱ緹úһ¡
ʱǰ̽·˾ͻˣڲԶҵһĿպÿһȺˡ
һƬһ֡
ֻǼ򵥵ݣ˲ðӪկҪϢֱɿϾС
ȥͶι¿ʱҶǰѼڴó׼ˮˮǴӱϵһСȡģҲ֪Ǵ﷢ԴģҶ褿ӳĵͼϣн·ߴغϣֻм伸طһⲻ󣬵ʱֻҪˮװˮˡ
Ҷ褴Ӱ峵ͳһֽܷõֽ򿪺һԲεĸɱ¶
ӳȥǺģġ
ǽ棬ζ˵Σ淽㣬ʱ߲ʱǾԣһ᳢֪ˡոҶΪܵ
ɣҿɵúúóӳЦ˵
˵˵ʵʲôϣȻˣⲻǿǣֻΪžͲ̫óԣҲԹܶĸ֮ͬкܶ࣬һͬģǾָӲζʵô
Ҷ԰ˮտŽȥЩͺִӰͳ֪ĩȥӹƮڴ
˵ʽҲ򵥣ҪʲôֻҪѼӵߦɱƬгϸˮһ⣬ըͿԷúܳһʱ䣬Ҳûϵ߰еġ
ڵϲǼ֣Σۣ֮ġ
һ룬ȥѲߵҵһûжĢϴɾгһŽȥ
ʱѾˣ˶ȲóԼ꣬ҶԸǷ档
⼸浱Ȼ˵ĶӣֻܵʳǳǰõӲӣȻӲܿ
Ҷ褰ѱ˺СŽ˲ſʼԷ
պһУΪ٣ζѷɫ֡
˺ϲӳһڶʱΪˣʣɳۣ
⻰Ҷ褻شǴҲ࣬ȵ˵
ӳͷǸˡ
һ緹Ǿԭ΢Ϣ˻ᣬҲǰʱ͹ȵʱһ̡
ûʲô£һ·ƽƽϰӪկĵط
һĸߵƽ̹ɽ£ûдͶҰҰãѲߵƼֱù/ˣϼӲ͡
Ǵҽõ֣ʱ򷽱㣬Ҳһ˯ˣǲ׷ʣٶҲ˯¡
ʰӪʱ˸˾ְڵڴʣ˳ȥѲߣι¿ΧӪۣ۵ҪۻƣóЧ
ȻҹʮΪһ飬ʱһټһҹϨ˯ʱǰȫ
ҹֲҶҹ⣬ҶԺҶ˨Ĳˡ
ȣ¶Ҳͣºˮոպϴ裬Ҷ褵岻֧ôֻպõˮһ壬ȷʵ鷳˵㣬Ҳû鷳ˣˮǰյģϴʱҲǵϴֵֻ࣬ҪһЩΪԷһˮΪãϾҪһ¡
һ죬ϴ׼˯ˣҶҲ⣬绳ܿ˻˯֮УĹϵûŹϵõķС˶֪˿ⷬҲûȡ
һҹΡ
ڶظ֮ǰ̣·вۣأǵǵĳ̶ȣǵ£ͷǻͷǣλʧܱϳġ
ֱºǲſǵĸǳء


141 ǳ
ӳҶһͰĳ, ˵ǳǳأ˵һһľ۾ӵأΪǽߴ, Ǽªǽ, ΨгϵĶǶ͸¶Щ
Ҷ褴ӳ֪, ǵǳطֱԶĸֻҪһ;ǲԶ, һܵ
ӳŶǵĳҳ˿Ұн˴£ǳԲ˯õģ˶ǾܺúϢһ¡
ɫѾ磬ڶ˯һ, һٳΣ
򸴵ͷ, Ӧˣֻǲ֪Ƿпջ
ӳûشص˵ǽȥ֪ˡ
⻰, Ҷﱧź, ߵŷڳſŶӵ˲, ڳȺϦ£Լʮ˰վţȺбģи¿ģ, ͬ, Ե̻ʮ㡣
Ҷ褸Źȥʱǰͷ, Ӧòʶĵ൱ͶԵ
Ǹһʳ˵Ȼǰʱû꣬º½һЩ޷ǣҰζʮԭЩɬȴûˣ̵ģȥļ۸Ҳøߣҿǽڳү֮˺üʳǲᰤˡ
ĺһ飬Ƕʮ׳꣬иĽӻԵҲǣƺȱˮӰ죬û죬׳ģίʵͣǴ׬һʡ
ʳ۲ؿһǱŵֻҰǽջ񲻴Ҫ͵ɱȥ
ӦǰɱֱɴǮҲʳҲ֪Ϊʳ٣ֳʵǲԡ

Ҷ褴ǵĶԻܽϢȱʳ֮ʢУӵԼһ׻ϵҲ֪ǲõǰĻңǮָͭǮ
ϸϸ˼ʱѾֵǵǼǣǼݵҲ򵥣ȥһжˣĿʲôӳڣǼǵʱͺܿ١
ֻӳӶͳһչʾʿǰһӡ¾æȻμӼģǾͲŶӡ
ӳڰ֣չذ¡
ǵǼʱķЩ£Ҫ˶ֻ࣬дֶдһ
ʱҶ褺ѯʿǼ⣬ŪǽͶߵ̣ǵǼǣס˿ڵĵǼǿɱǳסҪϸö࣬һֽҪ߲ʶ֣ɵǼǵʻǻشдֽϣóʲôԭסںδΪҪͶȵȡ
ͻᰴǵǼǵسз䣬˵ʶֵľͺܻӭһЩ鷽Ĺܽľ֮һյģҲᱻ䵽ӦĹ
ʲôնûҲûϵٸǷ޶ȵĿԱ֤ǵĴЩѵģҪպ˰ֵģ֮⣬һĵأǰ겻ʳ˰ľͿǵ컯ˣҪֳȫ˵ĿȻãҪֲֻԼ취
ݵǼǵ˵󲿷ֳĶԣֻԵ䣬ɽˮ࣬Ҳֻ࣬Ҫ΢ϸЩץ㹻ԼҳԵġ
˵ǵشԭĻԴֺҲ˺ܴı仯ԭΪ䣬ֲʧˮҲ˺ܶ࣬ӦĸֶҲʧˣϬţʹ
֮Щ½ض³֣Ϊˮ󴦳ĶʱʱܿȺǨ㣬Ϭţˮ
ǸĴĳǳأҶ褰ǼɴĽĲͬҪ˵͵ĳǳģ
ǼϣǾһ˳ţΪ֣ǽһ㣬ӶͦªԹ滮ڴ·Աߣǽû˵ע⣬˵ʮ˲࣬ģܿһȥԵģϡ档
ӳǵջջǹٸģĴˡ
Ϊȣ˯ľǴ̣ͨһס¶ʮˣһȺ˿䷿͹ˡ
ڷǮǳǳǹһӦסѵģͷɹٸǮ
Ҫڹô죿ʵ
ʻӳ̻شȵǣǿʳ̨һĻңǲ뻻ҲûϵֱʳɣҲ֧
˵óһöǮǿһöѹͭǮǮңԲηף׵߽֡
ͽ𶧣òţͭǮ㹻ˡӳһöͭǮ͸ǣȻ˵
򸴽ӹͭǮͷ
˵Ҷ褸˵СһС棬ȻһͰˮʱǲ壬ʵܣӵ˵طɲúúô裿
ϴоԼ˶˺üȻųȥԷ
ζһ㣬ʤˮˮһǳˣҲˡ
˷ĵСһ˦ĨЦ˵ЩܳԵǺòײϬ⣬ǰʱղųꡣ
Ҷ⻰ڰ֣ãЩ͹ˡ
ǻϬţҲԵģЩִǱȥǸӻ֮ĶȴûĸоҲ֪ΪΡ
Ҷ˵ͿʼԷһѼóԣɳľ߽ģѼ֭һҧȥ㡣
ԱһȺ˸ԻݣҶҲ⣬Żûʱͨ䣬ų˯ȥ
ڶһҶǱͷĳѵģѹͿҶԺҶ˨Ҳ˯ˣ˷ܵشӴ⿴
Ƿôˣ
絹һȵĲˮݸȻŻش𣺡ǳصĴڶߡ
ŶҶ⻰̾ˣ˯ʱѣֱܿͶűӴյҶߣһ⿴
ջǸܴԺӣǾԺԵķһٶվ棬ԺӼһٶμмһӺ磬ͷߣЩš
Ҷ褿һͻȻȺи˺죬ǲ
ϸ˼ʱҶֻСôˣ
СҶ褰ǸܿͰԭʵĸǡ
Щǻǵģұְǵģһǰһǿջͨ͸Ҫȥһ˽˿ĿջҲѵģû뵽ǾȻͬ⣬ƫƫҪסⲻͳһֱڶûͣ
ⲻһƽ£
Ҷ˲ɵĶסһֲǻǮ
û뵽Ϊɵľӳ͵ְڣƽĦ鲻ټ
ԭоԹҶˣϾͷ˵˭˭ˡ
뵽䣬Ҳͬ⣬ŶԵС˵Ǹ뿪ˣʰɡ
СˬӦһ
ϴ׼ȥ緹ԺʱЩ˻û뿪ɶţֱǳſʼǡ
򸴶ͷʾ⣬Ҳû˵ʲô
Ǹ뿪߻ﴫɵ
ǳ·


142 
г·ĺ, ζŽֵˣβǿϳ˭
л壿Ųţǲôɡ
ȴ϶Ӧһ, , û, 㶼ɴˣǸа˷񡣡
ҶԴ˽гһֱϸ˾Ǹʮģֱ˵⻰, Ҷ褲뵽·ԨԴҶҪܳ·Դһ壬ʶ˲࣬ܿ˷ˡ
лͣһ, ȻǼѾʧڷ֮, ɷϣǴ˺ܴһ档
ҶҪһл壬ץ, ҵ֮ӵĸһȥ˱Ŀء
òƾǻ, Ҷ褻ǵöӵԺѧ, ֻ龰Ҳ֪Ժ治ڡ
Ҷ褻˼ʱ򣬸л˵ĳ·ͻȻָȻҶ褾Ϳл
лϲؿҶ褣ͷпû뵽Ҳô, ҾȻûϳ, ֻ졣
Ҷ褿һ, ͷȻ߹ȥЦ˵лþòˣȷʵȥ˻ҾȻ뵽ҵͳҲ߶һң֪Ρ
лͿȥп˵Ҳã˵ðɣʵҲͦõġ
Ĺ䣬Ҷ褼ǵ˽ջ·ͽС緹
ȵõ϶ĻشͶл˵Ҫû¿ĻҪǱ߳Աģ
лȥѯӵ
ǵǸȥʱͷɫųףԼʮңڵ֪л͵󣬺ܿͬȥ
֪һ¡ȥɡ
˳ʳʱһֻҶ褣ͳ·ˡ
Ĺ֮Ǳ˽
Ҷ褰ѽɼǵϢ߸Ȼл;͸пû뵽ںسǾôʧˡ
Ҷ褼һи񱣬ϲٳԣǳ̵ʱͻѡݵԣֻһֻ࣬ݽܻЩ֣ϲһģ࣬ͱЩˣҶ褲̫⣬ϽͿֱӳԡ
ǳЩӣȻӦȷʵˡ
л˵ʱҲûԶһ˵Ҳ࣬ʣµڻԺԺĴ¿ǹò
Ҷ⻰Щ棬ǵǸˡ
ǰлͺˬ˵ʦΪˬֱҼѧʶʦ֮ơ
Ҷ褰ǳԭȻԺԺһ塣
ΪһֱûлҶлֵܹ𣿡
лҡҡͷϱջУûţʵʵڼ
ǸϢҶ褹ϲҪ游ˡ
л͸˵¹ϲɲǣԴүүĸȥ֮󣬼Ҫ
Ҷ褴֪һҸүһ𵽻֮󣬿ͷǶʱƵǼ£Ϊǽסܼҵׯֱл˻ԺһλӣĽܣԺҵһдֵĻƣʼܼҸǮֱͦ塣
ܿи֪ǺûǻϢлĸܷ˱УƽһŮǷȴûкл۰ĻԭȻ÷㳤˳µĽ
ټϸԸĸʶûʲôìܣΪпڽǡ
ȻˣЩҶԼܽģΣҲ֪
Թ緹Ҷ褾Ҫˣл壬ȵپۡ
лӦһãǾ͵ʱټǵһ졣
ǸԸ֮Ҷ褾͵ԺＯˣһ׼
һ·˵ȽϺߣΪǳصıؾ֮·޽ͨǵĴƽ˺ɣĸӵİ峵ڲԼˣʱ̸ڵ峵ߣǻû·߻³ٳ
˵ᣬǹǵһ·ϼֱƵһѪʷܰʱﶼ˸㡣
ǲ峵УΪ峵װƷëƷƺõƤëһʳǵȣĲ˵Ҷǵκǿ϶Ƕҵģڽ׻ӦܻҪĶ
ԽӳԽ˷ܣͬʱ͸ࡣ
ǵĳţǿԭȻʹڵĵطϾһǺӡ
һԺӣҶڿΰĳǽԺԭʵư磬ǽֳɫҲܴһľ
ΧǳصĻһǺӣʱ߽ܿиϴˮľ׳ӺˮĲ̯
һеģҶ褻㱼侹ȻԼǰĳ
ΪģȻøһŶӣֻӳƸŵʿǾͱȥˡ
סĵطҲȷǳǱĴլԺһסʮˣסڴڶ䣬Ϊǵڶģǰ˳ס
ӳǴĿĵ֮󣬱ȲػؼˣΪլԺйܼҰǡ
ܼһʮӣҶ褿ܾе֣ᣬƤ𪣬ƽ͵һ㶼ӣȴûУ°һƬ⻬
Լܣţա
λԶƣڴϢһȥ
ô˵ҶȻûǺܿͿʼ䷿䣬飬Ǿһסˡ
Ҷ褺һᵽҶ褴˵Ҳ֪ǳǸˣ
絹ǺܵԸζûϵ
Ҷ˳˼·룬ҲǣպֲٲûϵϾֻһʱнӴˡ
ϢһᣬȻ۾ųȥÿҶι¿ԶҶ褹ȥʱ̾˵ǣһݲ١
Ȼ۵òС
Ҷ˵ʵãͺˡ
ֹһҶ褸ҶԺȥһ˸ڡ
סǻϳߣ٣ԼĪаˣ磬ǰ͹ˣ֮ǳҶڿǲܴõһЩϢ
˾ʰˮ
ܼ˵ʳĶȡãҶ褽ȥһȷʵḻز˻ʣΣǸմӲ˵ժġ
͵ÿʲôˣɣɱɱȺһʮֻǸǷһ롣
ʮֻ򿾳ȫ㹻ǳԣټһЩѼ⣬Ͽ϶ǲȱ
ǺòԺʮܣƹȫ򱻹̶棬ڣƵϵζ
ȫΣҶ褴ʱĹעȫڴӸڻϡ
ʽ̸Ϣ࣬ЩܼߵĿޣƩǳһ˲ģʱûӪϢ˴Ҷ಻֪ٵϢ
ܵ˵㣬һǳƻҺᣬɲǿѨ磬˵ŵȼλܼҶӣ̫࣬Ҷﵹ˼֣ϾҲЩ֡
ǳϲɫòǸ䣬ϢҲ֤֤˵òӣСϢƣλִٶǳĻ֮£
ЩϢ֪٣Ҷ褶ǵٵģھԣʵģ͵ȥ˲ܷˡ


143 
ʰ𣿡ʵ
ҶӦһ, ͺˡ
Ѿһ°ɫĽۣš䣬³ϥ, ѵǳе, ˿, ûжͼֻгȻԴ·Եøʡ
Ҷĸһ²ɵģǰЩӺ̶ִﻻ, ˵ԭϷҰĲϼ룬ѷǳֻͣҪƻһܴü꣬Ȼ, þóеѾͲƽ, Щ壬ȥµĺÿûϵ, ǷƳҲΪƽ, ֻǳųų, ƽֻҪ¾㹻ˡ
ôΪûͭҶ褿Լӣֻ硣
ȻתͷʱȴʵˣͬһɫĽۣȻҶ֪, ϸļ, ûκһʶ, ɫĽĵͦοݣվ㼫ԸС
翴ӣɵô΢·ɲǼѩڣÿ
ҶŻعȻ۾һת̬ס°ͣѹϷӴ˰
㶶ûһ£۾ûգܿ˳ȥɤ˵ȻҶ褼ҵˡ
⻰һҶԼסˣɿЦòѣǰˡ
˵˵ҺûָҶЦ˲Ĩ˵
ؿָộ
ҶָĴָָָָԵϣʣµָΨʳָͦȻ
ţҶչʾ
һüνסҶ褵ָһֻֻĲסףʵʵȥ
Ҷֻо촽ⱻ˱÷ۣһӴǴڲż׵¸һɹս
ı仯Ȼ磬׵ͷԵʱ򣬶ͻȻдЦȻȥ㡣
Ҷ⻰̻عһۣû˵˭˭˵ء
⻰ԭǺǿӲģҶµĵıȴ࣬һ㡣
úúáͷ
Ҷܸоڷžһĵ֣˳㻹ءߡһ
ųʱѾˡ
ҶԿǱʵôô
ҶһЩ׵촽شˣոջ˼ѡ
ŶԭˡҶԻȻĵͷ
ʱ֪ʲôʱԺͻȻڵȻλѾ׼ˣһȥɡ
Ҷ褾һ£ʵûʲôڸУҪ˵ûܸоĴڡ
ȥֻĸˣֱ򸴣Ҷ褣ҶԣΪʵȴҶ褺硣
Ž⣬ȥһɫǷǳƽһ
Ҷȥ֮󣬾ҶС˵ǳ֣ᰮɫҸĳ˵᲻ᱻУȻǿǰ
ҶεؿһۣҪˣô֣ЩϢ඼ͼӴ׵ġ
Ҷ⻰һЦⲻǹ𡣡
縧Ҷ褵һֱû˵𣬲Եɡ
֮û˵ֱNNͣʱŲƿ
λԭȻʹڵĵطû̮ĻʹɣҶ³ʱľͲɣ
ֳˣҶǵϢһûȷʵŮҶ褺һͿֳ߳˶˵ݾ£ֳʱ֪ʲôŮֻ࣬ǣ¶ۼšüֳĲＸû͹һͻС˵йŮװڴԺﻮ
ܿͽ׵ԺӦֻᷢ鹹ĹϾŮװĶôף˵ҪһûС
ȻҶתͷЩûֳܿڿʱȻͫס
ȴһֱɫҶԱû˵
ȱȭֳ
ֳʱѾ侲ͬȻ˵ض񡣡
Ҳԣһ䡣
ûйຮѣֳܿɫ˵εļҪи飬ǾǻͨޣȻȱʳֵ޻࣬ȱ޲ǾͿ޲ĳǳػʳһкô൱ڻݻ
Ҷ˼ԼøһЩҪԴĺþͺˣȷ˵ʺʳĵطרֲʺֳĵطרֳȻȴһʮ뷨Ҫ֪˽Ĳɱ⣬ȻֺôǺܳɹ
ֳڳ˼˵뼯ỹ磬Կɽ顣
ʣ֮⣬к£
ϣܹˣϾ֪᲻ֻУֻлĸʡֳش
⵹Ǹ飬Ҷ褰
ȿһ¡򸴼Ҷ褺ͷ˵
ԡֳס
˵ʵûö೤ʱǾˣʱҶѾˣлֳ룬뿪ȴֳ˵λֺҶ
Ҷ褷Եؿ磬һ֮еģɡ
򸴺ҶҲɻ򸴸ܾҶȴӦˣȻȥ
ǺãҪǵǻߡ߶
Ҷ褵ͷĿ뿪
ʱ簲ԵҶ褣ʾɣ뿪Ŀյյ˵ġ
Լʣ˵ʱֳͻȻҶǰԹû뵽㾹Ȼڼǣ˾Ҳһඡ
֣Ҷһ㵣ΪԼˡ
ĻȴȷԼû
ֻȻ˵ŮװҲû뵽
ֳ΢΢һЦ¶ŮĽ
ӵݱŮ˵¸ס
ͷҿɵȥݼ˾ˣҲþûˡֳָпһ
пձ
Ȼ˵Ȼû£Ǿ뿪ˡ
ֳǳȥʱԹ㻹ô䵭û㲻Ӧϲ쳣𣿡
Ƴһۣˡ
Ҷ褾Ȳ˵֣Ҳ˾ˣùõŮ
΢΢ףӦҸ׵ãʵΪΪ£ȥ磬ϥ½һŮΪţ֤ܳ谮Ҳ֪ΪλŮװΪǳΪ֡Ǽλܼȷʵԭȹ̫࣬Ҳ¡
ҶĻﹴճһ󣬲ò˵Ǻλֳģ֪ŮڵжŮͬĲɷǷʴӱģǲӣֻҪṩһƽ̨Ǿܱŷ޹â
ҶԴϢȻмֳֵȷʵǻᣬֱϵĹϲɫҲģϾ˼ԱΪŮ
ҶЩпǸУֹȻֻȴһЩ£ҪľǸŮṩһĻᣬֻҪԼ뷨пܻý


144 Ѽ
Դϳֳʵ, ҵõĿ϶Ҷ褾΢Щ鵽Ĵйһ¡
ڸȥ֮ǰ, 򸴽ǽйԸǧҪע, Ҫǣ˵, һҪСġ
˷׷Ӧһ˵Ȳ뿪
ǵĲֲӣǱǴլԺۼأ͸λִٵĸۡ, סĵطﻷ·߻ͩԵ̻ѣӱլԺʱ, ʱŵһŨĹζ
, ƽ࣬ΪʩĽȱݣԵ, ǳ, ڳȶ, ЩǮ˶취˵ߵֻȥ
Ҷ·ĬĬ´ǵУǳǳҲҪעػ裬˽ˮ̻ʩ, ҪȻպ϶Ҫͷۡ
ӳ߹, ǶͳҲö˵, ǹԵĵطǰ߰ҽݡѧúիҪĳ߾Ǹ־¥ʳջڵأҲҶڵĿĵء
ȥŹܼʮƼ帣¥ΪһҾ¥ĲɫȻǳḻѵõһѼζر㡣
帣¥Ǻ˳˵ƹȨǮΪҶһСӭ͸оһ˳ſȥܿͿܴĴ裬Ա߻дصĺͯȽڻȵ
С΢΢ǣλ͹ҪûǶ¥
Ҷشá
ǲֹǹԷģŴ̽Ϣ
λ롣Сߵλ£Ա߼ģȫˣѹܻǴǮ˵ġ
Ҷºв˵
СشеģԵȣȥȡ
˵Ǽ򵥵һҳֽ飬дŸӲˣмˣʳ;࣬иԵļ۸񣬲ˣһһҪʮǮѾʳˡ
ҶôʳƤëŻǵͨûңֽ׶㹻á
ҶŲ˵յ߸һ𿴣󣬵Ѽзȣպù˳ԣҶ褶Ѽ۸һ㣬ܺзȵζʲôġ
˳һ䣬зõзʲô
СʵشõĴзڸͷõģǶר˴Ӻץģÿһܴ󣬲Ҫʱзʡ
Ҷ˼صͷԭˡ
ʳǱպÿպ𽴾ѼƬԡ
Ҷڿ˵·ˮʱֵ롣
ȵСŲ˵뿪ǾͿʼϸԱʳ˵ö϶ģҲ塣
ҹΪ֣׼ȥ䣬ȥ𣿡
ôȥھǰ÷ǳ˵ļ۸˺üҰ⣬ҿɵȥԿܼܲ©
ɲǣԵ˾ϲܻȣǳԲֻð̯ȥҹĿɱˣǲȱǮҲʡһһ㡣
Ҳ㲻ȱǮҿȱأӻûʲôͷ
̸ҹУҶ褾Ͳ˼ֺ棬û뵽ǾȻôƣгУƶҲ걸
˵Ҳȥ
Ӧá
Ǿ׼ԷСȶһѼʵǿѼغɫľϰһ˳ƬõѼѼƤԱںɫպúڴɵĵʢţ״ɵĵлƹ˿Ͱ״˿ɫԱ⿴žĿ
Ҷ褰ѱ̯ϣŽ˽֭ѼѼƤ棬Ҳû˻ƹ˿Ͱ״˿ȫź֮Űѱ
ζ൱ãѼӹǾƷܽʵ÷ʵĵطܷʣѼƤģʱᷢ֨֨Ĵ죬𽴹ǶطдʣرóԣЩһᷢ壬ʱƹ˿Ͱ״˿óˣǽ塣
ѼƯŰɫܲɫĴҶЩ嵭Ǻȵʱʶƺ˺еζ˼
зҲ༫ãܿ¥ѡĶñĴӣ濪˸ƽĿڣװззơ
ȻҶ褳һȴҡҡͷʢ֮£ʵѸǳԲߣ絥зߵԳӡ
һзȵķȽ٣һֺܿͳˡ
ԷʱҶע⵽ڱԱȷĺͯһΣĻͬĺͯɸɾǴҶЩɻ
Ǳʳ˵Ļ˻󣬡帣¥ƹֻþסڳʮϣʮµĺͯȷĻƣһҼҴɻء
Ҫ֪ɲ٣ÿյĹǮǮһʳ
һʳ˵帣¥ƹƣһܳԱĻᣬҴͷߴˣﻹԲ
ˣҾ˵˵ˣ˵˲˵ˣϽȾơ
ֿʼƱյʱձø֡
ҶԵǶ帣¥ƹ˼ֺøС
ʳСʰӣְˮ˹
ʢաӡѵˮҲ棬潽һţ̣˼ˡ
ҶһϧõĲ̣ţ̵ζѷɫ̵֣ζѾܺˣǮ
±ңҶ褳ŵС֡
λ͹٣к£
ţǴģҶʵ
ǾȻţȺţĸţ̣Ѿܾûȵţˣ̣Ҳţ̣ζһ
СûǣҪֲʲô漰ط⡣
Ǵӳׯģľţ⣬ǸȤԹȥ
ҶׯӾںδ
Сش𣺡ֱӵſʿɣǶ֪
ã鷳ˡҶ褴Ҫʱȥһˣţļ۸ˣǿͷؼҡ
ĻպաС˵⻰ˡ
극ֺѵĲˮûôȵʱ뿪
·˳ֽɡӳɡĳ˵עĿҶ褵ǺȻ̫ɹᵼɹˣΪ˲鷳ʵʵɡɣ˰Ϳֵ˼⣬˵Ͳ۹ˡ
Ϊ̹Ȼ˺ܿͲٹעǣϾæ棬ôĹ򿴱ˡ
ҪȥǶҶ׼ιѧúի
ѧﶼǸ˼ҵĺӣϾûǮҲкӽѧӽ̵ĺϵͳǧ徭ǰôһ׽̷
իҶԭ鼮෱࣬ҵԼҪ鼮뷨ȥŷ֣ǶòϣҪʵ鼮ũҩġ
һҲֻҪǧ飬ʲô鼮ܲǼƶ鼮档
Ҷʵǳ飬ﹲжֱ鼮
شӴʵˣȥݡ
ԼһŻ
ʮ飬ţ
Ҷ褽ӹֳĵӣ۾ɨһ飬һжʮǳǳûռ
˸ϻһȻ˵ЩҪҪ
Ǹ⣬̴βŸ֣ʮӡ
۸էһܸߣϸ֪ĸոպã׬ͷȴ̰һ֡
Ҷ̵ͷУʳ𣿡
⻰æ˵ԿԣҪʲôʳ
СۡҶ褴ֽдһַ
ս鼮͵ʱ˰ʳ㡣
áϧİѵַպãҪ֪ҲûȻмիҪ˶࣬ʳҲͰ͵ģʱӡ
ʴһˣܵɱЩӳԡ


145 ҹ
ؼҺС
ի뿪֮, Ҷ褺ͻլԺϢһᣬȥҹһȦ
ؼҺС˯˰ʱ, ߵĻ쳣Ŀ, ʵһ졣
ӾһͰˮ, ϴųѣʱ˶ˣټϰ½ͣլԺֵʱ
Ҷ褴ȥͿΧҶ, һԭҶԺȥ˳ϣǵļš
ǹȥ£ǳԻܴʿ赽ͦģп͹/, ҪĴҲܵ, ˶ƽҲܻ
Щ˶Ķ黹һԴһϬţĽܻӭ, һֻ, Ǯ˻ỨѴ򡣡
Ҷϸϸ, óۣǵĹܵλֳ˵һʺϲĳˣٸƽһԻȥĻᡣ
Ҳʲô£Ǯ˳, ǲΪ±, Ҫľ֤ݵĶ, ԽϡԽԽãҶ˵ϬţǣʵΨһôҩҩüֵõѶ˵Ҫֵöࡣ
ҲԼϢһѡνķʽǰ͢˹Աʽÿһ궼һοˣͨ߻õһ۾պݣѡΣһΣĶ徭ϵݣҾҲԽһ£ȼ˶ˣܲһֱͶƱѡΰɡ
ֲǳصĳҲģ˵Ƿֶ֮ĺƹܱĲһˣֳĸ
ЩҶ˼صͷͽƺ⡣
ʢģ䣬ֻҪͿˡ
ĹԵϢɫͰõҹпʼʱˣҶ׼һȥơ
֪ºȤ׷׾Źȥ
Ϊ˳һҹϵСԣҶûԡ
ҹλмλãǸϱͨʮ·ڣ컹û׺˰̯˻ֻ࣬ɢɢľСƳ˾͵ؿʼ̯
Լʱ־ͱԽԽֶ֣ռƳС̯ڹ֮ǰҶһձӣеɣմ֥ձмпװŰõ⣬ֻûཷѡ
̯ǸʮӣԱ߻иͲŮæװձһſҶǺīɫΪصؽ͵ЩҶӶϴܸɾǿԷġ
Ҷ褵ڰ˵û¡
ʵ˵ձζʵ֭Ѿձ棬һ㶼Ӳ۸϶ԸǲҶﻹһٹһ
ҶԿǰĳɵøп֡
Ⱥһ˼̻ͼ
Ҷ褶ȫߺǼŵʳɢ˽⣬˵ȻҹҲʱʱеģһֻ³Сĩ죬ˣʱ
ڰһͬţֻҪ̯ܰ
ҲЧһ£û̻ͨг
򸴲̫˵ĻҲ֪˼ǵͷȻȥϸ
Ǳ㿪ʼֵȤ·С̯Ǻ«ģѿǵģҲúƤģ෱̵࣬ĶУϲʲôζ˶ҵԼԵġ
ּۻ۵ڶҶ̶ֲֳܾһ̻
̻ȴⲻڣҶҪתʱͻȻһ˳ܡ
һԲӵС̯ΧΧڶֻ̯࣬˵ѲطдǼҵֲɣ
һλͷ׵̫ͬʾһ̯û֣Ҳģƾʲôһ͸ˡ
̯Цһ˵ҹй涨̶̯λõٸֻҪӰ쵽϶ڽǮˣûиǮǸˣ˵ˣҪô㸶ǮҿţǾռٸˣڱռɾ
Ҷ褿Χߵɫ̯Ӧû˵ѣΪǶû¶޵顣
λ̫ʱҲ˼ֵګګҲܸһĳʳ
˳֮£̯͸ϴǣҹԲӵôֲ࣬Ѳ㻹Ҫһ˵ȥҲ
⻰µ̫ƿԣͰֻ֮뿪
ҶΧȺʱǰԭλ̫ǮҹиտԲӣôЩЩڱԲӵĽǼΨһǮԴΪǮ̫ɷͶӶȥˣֻһعѵĶϱʮＸ໥Źӡ
λ̯Ǹģٸö֮ռǮ̫λԲӣֶȡ£Ҫ֪ܶ˶ֻԸԼϤĵطߣҾԲӵζ£ǲϲλù
пĵطҲòõĵط
ҶѯǮ̫ԲڵĵطȻһȥҲûʲôرԭ򣬾һʱ档
һط֪Ǯ̫ΪҪ˸˵ˣڵ̯λƫƧûб̯λȣһ϶˶롣
Ǯ̫˹¶Цкλ͹ʲôоԲӺˮԲ֡
ҶͰľߣȻӦ鷳ݾԲӡ
Եһ£Ͼͺá
Ǯ̫ƿǣҨһ׾ڹˮ󿪺ԲӣһߵϷӣһõģľ˵ǰ
ԲӵζȻڼԼģڵĻ㲻
ҶûԷոճԵǸձȻǳԲģһԲ¶Ǿ
ΪǰǮ̫ͶϱԻʱûбǡ
Ǯ˵ȥٸˣЩû̯λҪմǮɡ
Ǯ̫̾ǾŸսÑʵûǮ
Ǯ԰յ֪ͲռˣǴûô¡
˭뵽Ǯ̫ڲ
Ҳûʲô˼ֻǱ˶еĽ̯λܽʡһһ㡣
ҶĬĬ¼պҪг͵ðƶȷλ
Ǯ뿪ˣǮ̫ȻҲΪԼŽո𣬾;Բ
ϹҹеĻֹڳһԲӣʱȥϢ
һҹΡ
ڶҶ褲Ÿ𴲾͵õϢԶĳԳǵȼϷǳصʹҲˣֳһͿʼᡣ
Ҷ褶ԴּɣϾսҲոظҡ


146 Լ
мĵطڳ, Ҷһ˹ȥʱͿѾˣллҲУһ, һϮ, ǻԺĶˡ
ͨлΪ, ȻػʶˣͷʹǻԺĸԺͬʱҲǻǵĸ, ǸʱˣֻǶ̶̼佻̸Ҷ褾ܿѧʶΪḻ̸ʱ, ̸¶ɵע
˵Ҳûʲô̸۵, Ǻ䣬˵һ˵ַ顣
Ҷѯ﷢ͣ, ȻȿʼľǸɺ, ǳصĸɺ, ֮һ˶Ϊԭ뿪˻ѡȥطʣµһ붼ûܰټȫΧĵ𣬵߲
Խصĸɺ, ɽ, ֮ǰĻͬˮ֮, ǱߵĵΪԽشƽԭǳʺֲ˵򽥽ƽջʳ㹻ǳˣʣĿóнס
ǼĹ䣬˱Ѿˣųÿ˶Σȴʽʼ
ֳǻӭǵĵȻ˵
ٿ˴μҪԭһ絽ĳǳؾֻλΪ˼ǿ磬ϣܹ޽ԼγͬˣԴͨޡ
˵һ㣬ֳͱˣʱ䣬˼Ҳû׷׽ͷӶʼԼ
Ҷ褳Σͬ¡
ֳ˵ǴͷĶУϾԭǾǣƽǾԴϡ
˵⻰ͿʼҶԽԼͬԭ򣬡һƵ¶Ǻɣǳ֮Ҳ²һ𣬵Ȼˣ¶Ҫһԭ򣬾ҪϣҲҪһ£Ƿǵģǲƽȣͬ˲μҲա
ҶŻȻصͷ
Ҳ뵽һ㣬˳ֳίʵͬ˿ҪΪ
ֳ˫۷ϣеػش𣺡ǲãÿǳصĳͬ˵ĳϣ£þгϵſ
˵ܲʵȲ˵ѾˣƽȣгǳͬĵλҲһ
˺ܿͬ齨ͬ˵Ľ顣
ֳ˵ڶԭ򣬡ڶǽڵһ֮ϵģǾ̣ͨ˵ȱʳǸξȱΣǻλʳ
һҲû⣬̶ӵĳԳҲûϾͨ⣬ԵǸˣֳ˵ǳǳ֮ġ
ҶҲͬ⣬Ҫǲ޻ˣҲ֪ô£Ǳߵزʺ޻޻ˣ궼ɣҪܻͲǷѾ˼ֲˡ
ĵǲȱǳ㹻Ը㣬ֻ鲼޲ͳǼȱģЩȴϷǳĶҶͶˣȼҪȥ̸⣬óнĶȻҲ٣Ƥëʳ⣬κǡ
ԴҶǺŵģĴƤë϶ǳܻӭ
ԭ򶼵õֳ֮ͬ¶һĨЦݣҪ˵ľô࣬ǿɻʲôҪģ
лҪ˵˵ǳԳǸݸ˵Ҳʮ㣬ҵһ飬ϣÿǳضܳһ̶ӣ԰Ϊλ̣һǳ֮ĽͻƵ
һλɽҲͷɽزҪҪġ
һ˶ͷʱ򣬴˴μԲ֮׫дԼҸͬȡһ֡
׫дԼ֮ǰҶ褻صȥϷǳصߣﻻӦԭϡ
ֲ޻Ƚ϶ϳʹüʵǿʲô
Ҳ׼ش
ϷĳǳȱʳҶʾҶ԰ǰĴùӱ򿪺󣬴ĶƤëչǰ
ϳǺɽǵʹ߼˱۾һǰߺܾϲ˵û뵽ǾȻôëƤƤɡһʵƤëʣӣǶǱߵģ
Ҷ褵ͷûڽмǡ
֡ϳʹ߿佱һ䣬Ȼ˵޻࣬ǿ޻ǵƤë
ЩƤܻӭԭȻϷҲжǱϾϵƤë籱ĿëҲټϷ¶ҲѾʮʮȣǳ䣬仹ĸ䲻ͬһʪ䣬һߴʱҲжͷ컹ðÿʱ򣬶ǸƤëƷƤ멺Ƥ̺ϲġ
йϵľǱߵƤãرǰ곿Գǵ̶ӴЩߵƤԭ󲿷˶ƤٺҲòĶȥôʵǲ㣬ʶ˽ߣݹ˵ЩƤѻµ죬ϵӶʺϣǵʱЩƤ˴󹦡
֮⻹о޻öòܻ꣬һЩƤëҲǼ£Ҫ޻޲̫þͷŻˡ
ɽҲΪԭǳضԸǩ𽻻ԼΨһҶЩȵΪǾȻܵ
ҲǺ֪ЩǳĺպȳλǱΣȨ
Լ帺ģϾԭרģ˶Դĵá
Ҷ褺Ǳֳȥˣʱ᷿˲٣ǱⶨԼġ
飬ⶨһԵԼͬʱҲѽԼȷ
Ҷϸϸһ飬ûʲô壬㽫߶дֽװŷ׼˿ӱ͵ϣһܸϸ֮ǩԼʱ
Ҷ֮ǰ׻Ϳʼˡ
ҶȴǰڴڣΪѾǳضǩ˻Լ˾Ͳ̫ͷԵĽס
ϵǣ׻ϾȻһЩǳǳҪĶ֡
ǸûӣȻ¶ȲԲܷѿҶиռ񱣬ǶӣĴֲ࣬һЩʳѣܹܵġ
Ǽ̵ܹţǴ帣¥СׯţһּۻۣվʳֻţһĸʺϡĿҺôʳ㹻ҪȻ͵ٻЩʳ
ǻǴӦλȡ鼮Ժ˵±һЩ鼮϶ֹһҲ˵Ǳн˼룬Ըѧϰ˭ˣҶǻ鼮Ĵ۲
ҶǴĶȫûˣҪĶ


147 г
˵ȡ, Ϊˣֳ˵ϣƵ, ܹ, ǻָǰƽӡ
ָ֮ͬ
ԼǴ¹涨˸Ҫе, ӦȨһΣ˵飬Υ߾ͻܵصᱻˡ
ҶеĺԼ϶ǩ, ӡʮڿԻؼˡ
뿪֮ǰϳǺɽǵʹԼãǻÿİ·̣ӦƤëȥ
ǹֻţ, ίи˳Գ, ǻὫţ˳
ڻؼǵ·ϣ˶ƼүҲ, һ·ƽ, ûʲô, һˮ󿴵ǨȺһаֻÿһֻӴߴֻԻһֻСŸճûá
Ҷܾͷ￴, ǲΪв, Բûй, ˺Ⱥһһˮ
ȥ˴£ǻؼȴֻ˰£ʱ䡣
ҶڿΰĳʱﾹȻһֳ䶨ʵС
ϴʱҶĸ˳Ҷ褹ԷһĢ˿棬Ģ˿Ϊּ˳֭ζŵζ俪θܺõĸοΪ;˵θڡ
⣬ϻһֻռҶ褱Ǽӯ
Ҷĸʢһ棬Ȼʵôû
Ҷͷʱջش𣺡ãǸϢøҲϲ˵ˣҲҲû磬ܵýǸžۡ
Ҷĸֻһ䣬˴𰸱㲻˵¡
㳢ۼҵռǰ˵ķģǰζȷʵ
˵㳶һȷҶ褵
ռȷʵĺãƤóԽͣġ
ȳ극Ҷ褾Ͷݺõľջ迪ʼҶ˵һ·ļš
ǩõĺԼˡһ¨ݹȥ
Ҷ߷ıߵͷӦãȿȥϢɡ
⻰Ҷ褾͵Ժϴȥˣϴ׼ȥ˯£ѱʼǱȡñддռǱϼǵУǿг͸ıʽ֮ġ
Ѿʵˣֻǲ֪ʲôȽϺãԳԶ˵ǻͭҡͽĻʽã뵽Ժг
ͭҾ͵ÿǵгӰ죬ֻǼǵĻгȽϵһͨͺͨӰԽͣʵڲлк۵صֶΪߣһǵͬʹͭҵĳǳؼУٵûôˣǰͭҵʽһ£Ȼǳ֮ĻҲһʱöһɸԵĻҲС
ȻĺгòԾͬʱȱ㣬Ҷͣżдھ൱һµ˵ĳǳصĽ࣬Ҷõʽ⵹ǰȱڸסˡ
дЩ֮Ҷ褰ѱռǱ·źãһԶ£ڶ̶һʱȫ꣬Ҫľüƻڽй滮ؽꡣ
뵽Ҷ褾Ҳ̲ס⣬ɵϳ˯ȥ
ٴʱѾǵڶ峿ĽȴѾߡ
Ҷ΢΢壬ͻȻоԱиʮϤζ
ʲôʱģôǱסһ
˵ҹģ˯û㡣
Ҷ˯úãͷ˯ˡ
ӽ쿪ʼҪæˣҲ֪ʲôʱ
Դ΢ѵԽæԽã
ǰæðҶ˵仰ͻȻ£ӵһЩԺĹʣȻ鲻Խ¶һĨЦݡ
æҲҪϢ
ǽһʲôûֻǺúϢһԹ緹ϿʼһĹ֭ǰгɿϣΨһһ㲻õľǣѶ࣬Ҷ褳ųž͵ѣʵЩ鷳
ζȴֲȱ㣬Ҷֱӳһ룬Ҳû˷ѣռͷӻ߳ӳԶԡ
ҶһȥլԷҶڼҶ褺ֱۣ˵˻ڲ٣϶·۵ģɵúúò
Ҷ褵ĹעԼɹ棬˵һ·Ϸ¶ޣҶɹˣǣڵĸúȾƵġ
Ҷʱ취Ů׽һҶ⻰ں˵˺ڵΣֲŮҪעա
һߵҶԵúĽҲ뵽طƣһʵġ
ҶɩԵһۣʵʵڼҴϱܡ
ޡҶӱѵӦһ
Ҷļ˵ôˣһ·ۣһֱڼúá
Ĺ䣬Ҷ̫ͽԷˡ
緹ȻǳԵ㣬кüʺϳԵˣҶϲһھˮݹ̵ģ滹ŰǣѾ뻯ˮݵø
Ҷ褳Ե˸ǶԲϾͲôˣֻԵص峦θȻûϣͽӵҲĴǹȥԷһص뷨ֻʱˡ
ҲҲڵһû⣬ֻϼһӣ̿Ĺӡ
û»ˣȫصģΪ˺ûȾζΨһڼ⡣
Ҷ褳ʱʱ䶼ںҪã˶־м룬
ҲȰؿǺǺŸпĿڵû뵽Ȼǡ
ͦõģصظ˵عൣǣȹһʱ̽Ҷ褷˵
Щ㣬пջȥȽϺáҲ˵Ͼһ֮뿪һβס
Ҷ褳λص⵹Ҳǡ
극ͻؼˣһҹε
ò˵ֻǼ򵥵Ϣһǵľָ߰˰ˣڽæµͳΪ⡣
ҶռϼصҪľʵңվͭңǸǲͬҶ褻ͭмûпףҲСһЩִǺһӲ״£да֣һʮ֣дһֵҪСһЩʮܻдʮһöһЩͭң߱涼м֡
֮ͭϵĻұңðöʮֵͭҲܻϾֵˣȻʱǲֽҵģٵõгԾ
ȷֻҵֵ֮ҶֿʼֵһͭҵıնһֻһֵͭңԴƣʮ־ͻʮֵͭңһǧܻһöңһܻһöҡ
ҶԭΪ˻ֲ٣ǰͭҺҶŶһʱʶԭоĻֲ࣬ľȻǼңһٶʮߵ֣ܻʮöʮֵͭҺͶʮöһֵͭҡ
˻ֱȽ٣ƽʮöʮö֮䣬ҲϾƽҪõֵĵطܴ࣬Ǽѵõ¡
ӦľгרڳĻһطΪ׵㣬޽ཨͬӣֻԸｻ
гͬйأֽдǩʱϸĶһΥԼӱȨϳгֹͣޡ
ӿʼ޽ʱ򣬳ԳҪ뿪ˣһ˾ǵʱ˳Ҷ褻ȡֻţ˹Ҷ褰ֻţûʲôԣ㽫βǣܼƤ
ʱţھ·ȫ޽ϣש߷űĿټ޽÷Զǿ֢ʮ
ܿһӵ˾ͳˣֱؼֵľӣּҵ̣ʦļͽӣǴɽϴĸ
ҶҲһ׼ӻǲֽֽѿ֮ģûӡˢӡ鼮飬ԼĳģҲߣӦû᲻
ʵÿµȻܺãһʮöʮͭҡ
նﶢţҶͨٸ¼ѡΪѵʮŮæӡ
˶Ǹ½һģŮ񣬼︸ĸ˫Լ±߻һ˫СĵãͶ֮ȻвȴòãΪһ״ѵŮӣɽԣ˽ֻǿܻԸϸ£䲻֣Ǽ򵥵Ľܻġ
һλкгСȾʹҶӦСԵ֢״ֻûһģһټʶ֣Ҳﵱһ˷ȴǴ´ࡣ
ÿµǮöʮͭңҪȫʳ㹻һµĳá
˶֪мģԴӱѡտӣһֱҵҵÿ춼ȥú磬ڿǰˮɨȷӵı߽߱ǽﶼûۡ
Ҷ褿ܿ;ܹһֱּЧ͸ǹǮ
Щ⣬ԴҲһӣҶԱߣ׼һ⽣ԭֻŴʱ䣬ָ׬϶Ǯû뵽ǿҵ֮⾹Ȼʮֲÿ⽶ʮ룬Ҫ֪ѾǺܺˣϾֻϺϿţŸʽ˵İͷӵǸɵú𾢣ܵǮոȢӡ
Ҷ褹۲һʱг״ҪҲ𽥷ſ֡


148 Ȣ
յ, ¸ߵһ꣬ȻѾʮ·ݣͷԾɱʮ, ֻԵһЩ
˵, 򵥵־֤ʱϵ㹻, ʺϴԵʱ
컹ûԸȥԵ˾Ѿˣǵס뻻ζ׳ѡɽ֮ǰгһʳ
һгаԷʱǼʼһʳ
˵ҶҲ齨˸С, ͷֻа˸ˣҶӡҶڣÿ¾ͻȥһΣ죬ÿε涼, г̾𽥱, ΪǼݺĹ̶ѡ
Եʱ򣬰˸Ϊû룬ʣ, ûڼʳ, ѡȰǰ޲Ŀû
Ȼȥʳ⽳, Ǵģÿһ涼жʮ⽣ʵ˵ǴĽӣǳԵĲֻζ, ǾͿԵС, ǲ, Ǽ۸ֻȴһ㣬ʵǲʵݣԴ˵ӵĴʺϡ
ȻˣҲǳԵģöһЩӻ
úһѺǵ׼ȥĶԣ
ҶڰѼż¶ǣŻش𣺡֮ǰּ俴һȺ¹ǾŹȥƣǱҲ˼ʱ򡣡
ͷǿɵСЩ˵ֶﶼܱ꣬в˶ˡ
ģǲȥҶл
ڳȥԵ˶뿪гҲ䲻˶ãȳ½½ѹ֮󣬾˰µյʱʳͻԷ
Щ͵ûӣг֧̯ӣһЩӶ֮ģÿҲ٣ԴҶǻһֻ۱һֻֻۣҪ֣Ը̯Ͱڰɣֻͬý˰Ҹӵ˱ʹܶ࣬˰Ҳࡣ
Ҷ褼Ҳ⣬ǽͬ˰æ꣬ÿҲҪȥŵ㣬Ҳ۵òᣬھһʱѾõòˡ
Ҷͳе˳ȥ򷹵Σ˳ҵ⣬ҵĶԣҵ˿棬Ǿĳʳ
˶ԣ̿ڵģһֻҪͭңڱʵݵ֣Ҷ̫͹İͷͻһ緹
Ҷ褳ԶԵʱϲһЩԼõ⽴㡣
ҶĸԵһͻȻ£˵£ԷǸ򣬶ãû뵽Ȼͬˡ
Ҷ褴ʱŶԣĻһ£һųɵ˵Ҽǵ淽ܹõİɡ
Ҷĸͷ˵ûмȻƶͷ飬ҲûУҪ˵ͬλʲôһǾֻһ㣬ߴӡ
ǡҶ΢΢üôģѵôҪ
˵䲻ģзԭ˵ȥʵȴû֪һұأֲǲˣαȥΪӡ
Ҷĸ˵˭֪أû֪ס
ǸõĺӰҲɶ£治֪ΪԸȥ׽˵ĺӣԸ
˵淣Ҷĸ˳ĵҶĸڷĻ£вýΪ˵ףȴһֱͬ⣬ٹһҲ˳׵ӣĸ͸ˣ߶£źȥҲж˼ڡ
Ҷ̾Ȼ粻Ըף£ֲ󣬾պˣҲзڵء
ĸҲǼˡҶĸͷȥȰȰ
˵չǰƵʱҶʱѾμ˺ü磬ϤˣŮ½ºҲģ൱һзΪȢӣŮͨɻķʽڳﰲ
֮ҲвҶյŮ޵ңԭͬ
һϯҶģ˵׵ƼҵŮ֮ǰиߵңҶȢСŮƼΣǸŮӣҲ
ҶԣҲΪϯ׼˼ڣҪܴ򵽼ֻϯϵĲƷͻӷḻ
Ҳ֪ǲΪԳ棬СӾȻһСȺ¹ܹʮֻ̫࣬ԼԲ£˻Ԯڶ˵ĺ£Ⱥ¹ɹУҶǷֵֻպÿڻϡ
ҶĻ֣Ҷ˵һٶˣֻ¹Եһ㶼ʣͷļֻȮɨɾˡ
Ҷͷѵú׾ƣ˵˵񾴸ҲѾˣӻȼӶ˹ޣⱲܰȱۡ
һԵҶ󲮲ͬ˵˵ôĻ϶ܳꡣ
ҶͷЦúϲ£죬Ҫܻ꣬ǿӡ
ҶⷬԻȴм꣬λ˵ͽʹӣһҪġ
ֻϣ޵ʱܹúТ˳λˣҪźڣײʹ֮һ
Ҷ褰ҶͷƵ֣תʢһȰ볤Ⱦˣȵ
ҶͷĻ¾Ʊ漴п˹ȻˣһȾƾͲ
Ҷ˵ҸȾС
߻Ȱơ
һߵĶĸڸ沼ӻҲѰֻǼýŵĶҶ⣬ϽǼӣʶ˶࣬кʵĿԿһ¡
ĸΣȻʲôҪ󣿡
ĸһһʮĴûʲôرģֻзһҪϽһҵգֵػǴԶУҪǾԲȫˣ֮ҲҪףĲ˵ҪӣϾӻǸ̵ӣ̫
ЩǺܻҪ󣬲Ѵﵽ˴ĸ˵Ұɡ
ҶĸҲͷͷҲѰһ£ҽû׵ĽʿĲ˵ƷбϣֻǼܲ˵㡣
ۼǼãֻҪƷãǾܰӡĸһ㻹ܹ֤ġ
ĻѡͺܹˡҶĸ˵Щĸ˫Ҳܺʡ
ĸͷԡ
˵£ӻԼǶԴΪȫĳҽ֮УѾʦܹŮΣЩӵ˼һרųǮֻһ£ܹѴһ
ڳһ֮ˣҲΪԭ˶ס


149 ±ζ
Ҫϸǵֻм, йؼǵĴ»ѾˣֻҪͰطչȥ˿ڽ, ǳصĹģԽ, ˳Ͷ, ʵҶ褵ƻ
аĿѡƶȣ͸ּȴˮƽķ죬ȵȡ
ŶյٽҶ褾, ʼܰè
ʵʱҲûʲôģǳԳԺȺǵ¶ҶüΪḻĸʳʳҪıǽǲ
Ҳ򵥣ֻҪֶ, һǳĺɫ, üۺţĲ
Ҷʱˮʹ΢΢ûǺѿǣйķɫ, һֱɺɫʱ, һζд, ֭ʣµǽǽǡ
һζΡѽպڿӼϴյǰ
罫京ﳢһ£ܿ͵ͷ𡣡
ҶջؿӣΪۼǵá
˵ʱ򻹲ѿӽһòľϴһ¼ɡ
ҰСԲù
νСԲӾԲڵİձ, ǽ꿪¯ʱҶصʦæ, ճÿ, лճɵĸ·һӵ
ȴνǣҪôҶͨװƷߣССһúʣܽ壬ǰʱ˫Ƥ̺ͽײ̾ǵͣ˶ϲϣĽǲҲܴͬľϲ
ѱ֮Ҷˮ̹һ飬Ȼѽǵס
ҪʼˣҶǰϸռõţ̵ȣһֱðʱٽ仺ĵȵļҺ
Ҷϱߵţ̱߽裬˳пոģڴ򵰺ˣ㲻ٷѵǵ
ʱ룬ЦǶǶ֮ǰˣôš
һǼʱ£Լʮʱ򣬰æ˸ɵ򡹣ϵļŷɣڵɵҺ
ҶֺǺǵ˵ѵóһΣҿʱúúüס
⻰ЦȻ󸩳Ҷûע⣬ֱӸֱʱҶշ죬Ƕҧһӣӯӯ۾硣
Բˡ
ãҲԡ˳˵Ҷ⻰ˣ춼ûֻר
ţ̺͵Һﾭιˣͱø⻬ϸ壬ҶӽĭСĹεȷһݶûУŽƽȵص
ûп䣬õӵֻҪѰ棬ٸǼɡ
СʱͿԳˣڻܳԣýŵԺȴһ¡
¶˵ֻһգ۵Ĺ򲼶ȫȴˡ
Ҷ褴򿪱ǿһֻۣĲֳǳǳػɫһѹȥֵʱȥĵطָֻԭ״֤ĵԼѣӦɹˡ
Ҷ褵ݸһӣųԡ
ʵӹҲûǡ㲻˵ҳԲ𣿡֮಻ʱ˵⡣
ҶûʲôרĳԲ𣬶һ㶼壬ζԵµʱ򣬽Դζӿζ˼ֲθС
ҶҶĸլҶ褰ʣµĶ˸ǣҶĸֻһھ͵ͷóԣǿԸ˫Ƥ̺ͽײһϵӦûв˹򡣡
Ҷ˵ͷԿɣõĲ϶࣬۸϶̫ܶͣһԸڸ֮ĹƲࡣ
û£ҲֻǴ±ζҶĸ˵ﲻɵøпû뵽Ǽҵ±ζ⾹Ȼ
⻮һط˹̨ʼ±ζǰһ䷽Ϊϵ࣬±ϵζһЩ
±ζڼûʲôҶĸ𣬶±ζǹӶԱ
ҲΪˣ±ζ⾹Ȼǳ˶ϲһؼҵ˳ԣټ±צ±Ѽצ±ģ±ӵȻ˵ļ۸ȷʵÿ±Ļ꣬ҲûϵԷһҲûˡ
Ҷ˼ʱҶĸͻȻڵϲ±ζ˶˵ζóԣ̫ˣܼܲζ
ʵѾˣҶ褾ܵؼȣҲǽ΢֮䣬ȷʵٷȻûǸζˣҲЩ˵˼ʵǳζĲ񫣬ְֲ֮ԡ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ټζûζˡ
˵ֳ˼ΣʱԺͻȻðµ⣬ǵǿٴЩ˵ˮܹá
Ҫ˵ֱˣƿ϶ţ̣ţ̵Ĳ̫СʣҪôǹ֭ҪôˮҶ뵽۾һǵϿһҶˮķҶˮԭϱˣҲܼ򵥣˾ͺʺ
ҼǸԶʮҶ褺ֻһҾҵһǽ֦ժֻժһСѣҶ׼ȴȥԿ
ŵҶԼȫװıһɻʣôȥĶˣ
Ҷ褳չʾһ룬Ȼش׼ʵĶͷɹ˸һݡ
ҶԺǺؿһۣɣҿɾ͵ˡ
ؼҺҶӣˮҨһˮȻĨϣپϴ͸ɾˡ
СӰܹװչСΣװչˮǣӸǺĹϡ
Լܷõչ޾ͿԿˣҶЩƿӣǼ΢ûŵܵζһӦûҲ֪ܲܺȣϾҲûֻϿ˲裬Ӷ̳
Ҷ룬ʢһŵȼֻȴһֱʱŸԼʢһ롣
ԭԼȵģû뵽ֱԽӹһڡ
ƷΣζֻǲ֭Ũ
ȷ֮Ҷ褳
Ҷ褵ͷһðСݵˮ̼᲻ԭ򣬺󣬶Ǵˮ˵ζŨֻаǵζ
䣬ƿˮȥ͸˲ɵþһ
ҶҶĸҲһҨһ볢£ͷ˵ʤڼ۸ˣ±ζò
Ҷ褻ǵõҶ˵һˮ˵Լ˺꣬װһݵˮȥҶԼҡ
ڵĳ޺Ҷ褾;ˮϼܣ±ζһ۸񶨵õͣһƿ㹻ȫ˺ȵֻҪöͭңȻˣʢˮߵԱ
û뵽ǣˮȻʮֺЩ±ζģһƿˮ˵ǴؼҸС졣
ϾҪˮɱǿ˵ö࣬庢Ӻʺϣټٽ꣬ҪһЩһƿˮܺһ죬ʵǺʵݵˡ


150 ̻
ǲ, ֭ײ̸̣⡣
±, ̡
һֱʮ, Ҷ褲δͣ, תʼͬһ׼ӭף
˶úãܹԴסе£ǶƷҲ˸ߵ׷󣬲˵ջӽ, ȴҲɲ٣ԸЩ
ףҶֳ̣һϵļУϲýǮ, ֻҪӳ¼һ¾ͿԿʼ̯, ࣬ʳԣͬҲС
Ӵʮһֱ, ൱һᡣ
˼, ڶҪ׼ıǵҹ̻, ̻ҶǴӻɽûǿʯɵģһֱֽ֣/ҩıڣʹɫʵֻ̻ڲ, ֻɫɫ, ȼɵб, ȻɫЩʤϡ档
һһ׼֮ɫȻ磬Ҷһ׼ȥҶլԲ
ԲҲҲҶҳԣҲԽԽ࣬Եʮ֡
һҶҶӣżҶͷҶ̫ǼΪˣֵԲʱ˼Сơ
ԵҶͷģȻӶͳɫİֽӡ
Ժӣȥǳԡ
ҶѹǮӹȻͷ˯ʱǾͻѺͷ£һϰס
ҶľԼˣΪСС;û۰Լ˶ǳ磬Ҫʲôܾ
Ҷ֮ǰ軵ˣʱ俴ҶǻзִģټҶԸԭûҶ褵ĵǸӡ
ӸǿĹͷһԲǳˣҶ褱ͳһȥҹУû뵽ǶԸȥ
ںҲΪʹˣҹЩ˯˶һһԵĳȥ䣬˵Ҷ褾Ͷˣ¡
Ҷ褺Я뿪ˡ
ڵһţ·߷ѣÿһװһ֧ȼգΧӳΪܿǰλľ룬Ϊÿ֧ǰ涼һ̯λҶ߹ʱ򣬱̯ܿϵĶ
ʽ٣Ҷ褻Ǯ˴Ǻ«ԣǺ«ʵڲʲôмĶϲֹһĵطҡ
Ҫ˵ʲôͬĻǾȲһһЩľ͵򣬰ľȥҶңҷһҲв档
ҶζصǼҡ
Ҽһɽ髣ֵǮĶʱ򶼷ôԣҶԼǽɽ髸ɽ髲裬ҹԣûôϸģɽ髽ԡ
Ǻ«ԵۣҶֻʣµľȫ
ճ꣬Ǿ˴кתۿȥŷͳ
˵к
ǰ˸С̯ɣ⻹Ҷ褽̸ǵģ̯ǰ˺ܳһӣȥΪ
Ҷ褰ڰ֣ʾæٹ䡣
ճԱûҪ⣬Ҫ֪սĿǮء
ҹк֣ģиĸźӣҲ»ķи࿴δŮֵʱԶһŤӣҶ褼˸п꿪ɻ١
ںɢźȻ˫ֽգҶ褵Լоһ𣬱ҪҪȥ
Ҷҡҡͷ°ëΧϹβ£ȥһû̻𡣡
ҽЩѴӼĴ멶ϡ
ҶӦһá
Ȼֻ̻һӵʱ䣬һĶ̻ɢǵǹ⣬貶ĿҶ鲻Խ뵽Ǿʫ
ҹŻǧ䣬ꡣ
ǹӳ۵ףҶ˵ľ˱ǰ֮˼ȵ˵Ľϣҵûɲ̤¹ʡ
˸̾
Ҷѭȥֻ½½пؿϣû뵽ﾹȻԴһ㡣
ϣǸƽȵĺʱڡҶǵ
һᡣƶ
˽˫֣̻ʱҶȴͻȻеһ˿ϣʶȥһƬŵ£ʶԭѩˣҪûǴĻ⻹ǽĵһѩ
ٵĳѩأ·һҹ֮ͻɫ
ĵһ¾Ǽ档
ڲֹҶҵ汲кǨڡ
ϰںùƷͿ԰̿ʼ棬ʵ˺ܿͽˡ
Ҳ֪ǲҶ褵Ĵܾþμ棬ǵĳŽˣԭ֮μԴһݹڣ֮ЩĪϵ
ٸӣ˵ǰ˳ͻǻ϶ᱨ٣ھԼ˽½
Ҷ褲ȷǼ»ǻ£Ǻġ
֮ҶҾ˺ܳһʱæµУǰ꣬˸Ѱ꣬ڼдǰˣЩϤĻãһٷڻԲ鷳Ȳֲ̫ӭðպǸȣҲǼ˰²ǿƽ
ʮԪڣϰĶ࣬оͰơԪʨ
ҶǾԪڵٰһϷʤнֻǲȴûʤҲܵõһʳȯǿƾʳȯгʳﻻȡһݳʳЩѾǷԱμӲմ˲١
Ȼջʤȴ˵ԤϣȻ½ĶŮ½˼Ե˰˼ⲻͬҶ褵ϸһ˼׹ˣ½˼ܹʤԭȻλΪգ󲿷ʵִĬджʫ䣬ǼĶ½˼ΪضŮС㲩Ⱥ飬ȻҪƵöࡣ
Ҷ褻֪һ£Ǿ꿪ĿУֻһλŮԱ½˼
Ϊ춼ڼ飬ѵñȼ磬˯ñȹŬĳ̶Ȳض˵
ڻ֪δĿ˻᲻ͨǹǿŬ̶ȣҶ褾֪ΣĿ꼫һˣ϶õҪĶ
ĽȻϣ½˼Ϊ˼ǵһʽŮԹְλǸ򸴵ĸ֣רŸһЩҪ顣
ΪһλŮԹȻ飬½˼Լͨ˶õλãû๣ҶĻ˵˲Լȥ
½˼ͨ±ض¼ʷ֮Уʷı߾Ҷ褺
˵Ҷ褼¼ͣ±ʵʱѾǲգ̧ͷ⣬ֻԺһȥµĹѾð˻ڴº͵ķﻨ֦չŨĹ


151 
ӻĻ¾öĵ, зԭҲױ겻, Ҫ, ʵӻҪСһЩ, Ϊʮأټ˳øߴ׳һϵ¾С⣬û⡣
ڼͥҲܼ, Сĸ˫ӼҼҵĴܼ˿ȷƷȫû⡣
˼󶼶ԶԷкøУؼҾͶԼ˵ͷͬ¡
ŮԭϿ, δŮ࿴ʱϸ, ò׼ҲԻ˽һʱһͼäƼޡ
ΪԼ, ֵصһ֮һ, ټһ, δԶвջԼʹûиĸҵȴ˵дܼҵĲóһݺʵڵĲ
Ҷɩ, гӦеĶ, ԼݰӵֵܳȥԵһֻ, ⵹üǺݺһ¡
ܺԵҪǲ㣬ܵĹ򻹲ȥһЩ¹Ұû㣬ϾζҲΪϧһЩļֵƤǷǳãֻǵ׻Ǿ仰ǷѾһֻܲ㣬¹ƤƤѾ㹻ˣҪΪһʸĴۣ˵ðΣգһСûɹױܳ壬ûȻ˾ͷ
Ҳ֪ôԵģﾹȻûһˣƤҲͿƤ멡
Ƥ֤µӡ
ҶҲӻļױλһе΢һֵ֪ǼǼȢһˡ
ӻûãҶɩʵûסҶĲ⣬ʼýѰҺʵ࿴ѡû뵽ǣҶȻܻӭŸհϢųȥкüýǰ˵ס
ýʱ˵Щ˼רŸ˶ҹñ߹ġ
ҶɩţΪ˵û˰ڰ˵ɱңǶ飬ֵõˡ
ýԩĻܸɣǶΣܻӭҺͳ¼Ҷ͹˵һ¡
λýŸҶݹϵȻȽԶҶͬҪһţȻƫԼ˵ģȻˣ˵ĻҲû˿ţһЩݣҶҼҶµӰ죬Ҫ֪ǳҶ壬һγҲۿɼĻǼңһҵȥλҲв˼ҶԸԼҹŮ޹
Ҷɩ˼֣мɵ˵ȻˣļҸʺϺǲԼ۹ˡ
ýʵǿʲôҪ󣿡
Ҷɩش𣺡ûҪΨһһǺϥиŮȫ˶ܳϣǹǸͨģҪǲҪкŮŶˣŮԼԸģⲻˡ
ýͷˣ롣
ýڳ˼ʱҶɩһ裬ýźſڵҵĹҾͦãֱ½ҺռҵĴӣǼгŮչ˵ãֻ½ǰλԼֻǵһζзŮӻڶζзԵʱҰײˣĻ½Ѿʮ꣬ȴû˵¡СŸյ˵׵͡
⣬Ȼиŵ㣬̫ʺϺ
Ҷɩýŵ۹⣬εܽҼ𣿡
ýֺǺǵ˵ɶУͷȥҴһĲˣ
Ҷɩæ죬רȥ½ҺռңҶİʰһ£ȥӡ
Ҷ⻰üͷҲ˵ʱ𣿶£ø˳ȥԡ
ҶɩȴûŪȥؿȥ
ȻҶӣ˵һȥ֪ͨĺѣ͸˵Ҫ࿴ҪԵʱƳ١
Ҷ⻰ֻ̾һЭãȥ
ҶɩοЦЦͶˣҸ˵½Ȼ˵࣬˼й֣㵽ʱɵúúñһ¡
ҶΪܵصͷ⵽ʱһ뿪
Ȼڶ½࿴ʱȴֱŻȻҵͬ˸½ӵĻ¡
´Ҷ褶Ѿȥ죬ҶҺ½һ̸ף͵Žˡ
Ҷ褶ԴЩɻȻǼ£״ôͻȻ͸ı⣬Ҳûʲô¡
ҶĸĻԭҶ½˲ǵһμ棬Ҷȹ½ӣ֮ǰˣ½ӳȥɼһֻǣʱҶѲߣ½ӱŵûʧɫʱҶֻɱˡ
Դ½һŷıȫҶϣֻǵʱԭû˵δŮδޣʺ˵׵ʱ
ҶӢ۾Ĺ£ˣЩǣšüʵû˵Ϊλͬ⣿
Ҷĸֵһ£ȱ𼱣˵˵½ˣܽһЩԼĳԵĺȵĴ˷һ֣ܶչԼܵܣһȥģ˾ʶˣɲܳƵһ׮Ե
أҶʡ
ʵµҶ̬Ȼᷢı䣬׻˵˺к仰мֵģȻԼҳ£⻹ǻ֮顣
Ҷĸֻ֮΢һڵʲô˺ܿͽ͵Ҳʶ½ӣ֮ǰ⺢ʱǽ½ɩι̣λ½ӱ½ɩӴ󲮸ĳŮȥ½棬ʱʶģ֪㻹ǲǵ֮ǰǳҪף̱˵
ǰܵļױﱣܣֽǩֻѺԼպÿ궼Ҫ׼ӦļױǮƸ
ҶĸʱҶ褾΢ȻѾǮƷıϣʱõ
Ҷɻʱ䶨ھ³֮ǰ
֮ǰҶɩҶȥ½ңϴҶл½ɩӵĽڣʵȴ½Ӷദһʱ䡣
˵ҲҪл添ûҶ磬׵ӡǵ½ΪҲڽһУ½ҪΪʱҶȴмֽӡ
½ӱǸ۰ӵģҶŴӲһֱģģһµĹ͵ҶϲദĸŮҲûʲô
Ҷڼ޸һλԺ󣬳źүǼˣūƵģȻȴ㣬к۰ԶԼŮģ˰˼⡣
л˵
ɨɨβͿˣⱾдʮ֣дһ


152 
ＸӶ˺õĹ֮, ҶҳܹһҪ±㲻Ǽ򵥵ļҳ̣ӰǳĴ¡
˵Ͷĳķһ, ֮ǰɷ, һη󲿷˶ܲ, ŮֵܷӦء
˵ʵʵͷֵʳǳԱͨ䣬ȷÿ춼̼ܲˮ, һȡӪܹ֧ǵĻ
˿ڶ࣬Ϳ׳ԣԵ͸ǲɼĸʽɽǺܺõʳĲ䣬ƺɹ, һֱ浽, ʱ±ǰ£ʼ׷Եú˯㣬ҲǸõƷʡ
֮˶ܸ, ⵼гʢǶũʢ, ҲҶԺ򵥹ߵʾͼ֮ء
ʱ, ˶ЩԴٽչķǴڿʼЩԴҶ֮ǰһֱƾٵĻ˵֧޽ɹҶԼΣ˰λľս, оѧ, Է츳ѧ, оˮƵҶ١
˵ʵڵģʵЩҶصľҶ٣ҪΪ˼ϼֱƵпգҲΨһһҶ˵Щ񻰰Ĺʵˡ
Ҳֱܹ˲ţۼ˭ŵ绰ơ𳵡ɻʵڵء
Ҷڽǧﴫʱͨĵ绰ʱΨҶ۾ţ˶û档
Ҷʣ绰һģǵƣ绰ͬһ֣Щµĵط
뵽һ㣬֤ʵ츳ҶϸϸشһȻҲһҸ㽲Ҫǲǵ˾ȥ飬ȷ˵ǵһ֣ƺ͵绰ԵΪԴɵġ
Ҷ褴Լ鼮ռ﷭һ̿飬Ȿͬѧһ˸߼Ļ̲ġ
Ҷٵͷ˵ǱȷʵЩ£ණҶ̫ܿ
ҶӦ˵ίʵЩѧɣѧǶ٣һ㣬ΪǳǳСĹס
ԼΪβ˵ĽЩԭǻûʱ򣬱ϾǲŸ±ܹũ߸պúʣȻǷ߷ͺܲʱˡ
ҪľѧԺһŹڴµӣȼ꣬Ǽʮ󣬾ѾȥˣҲܹ̳²Ƽ֮ȼ
Ҷ˼ȥͿʼ飬һҪͨ͸
ʷأҶҶƼĵһѿϵĸĽ԰װͳ֮ϣƶнټ̾죬ɴ˱ʷϵһ𳵣̾͵Զ𳵱ǳأ˺ʱ̣ǳ֮ĽƵֱӴٽķչ
ҡʽֱƼĵڶѿҡʽֱཻ֮ķЩĸµٽ˸õʩĽ裬ҹܹĵƣǧ֮ҲܽмʱͨѶĵ绰ΪƼĽһչ˹ס
ȻˣⶼǼʮϰˣڵҶ褺ҶΪ򵥵Ĺ߶ǻ벻ôңԶ

ïּܵһн
ͷͳͼһۣȻָǰ˵ﾭǰϼʱܵǡ
˵֪ǷҶֵ˵Ǹɰĵؽ硣
ԵζĶһӦһӡ
һ⻰˶˾ߺŸ¿ǰߡ
һǰ˰ʱȻͿһʮֿƽ̹ǰϸķӣľС̯ʳ˲̵Ķӡ
ǣ𾪵૳
Ǿȵʱһаϵ˿ʵǿǵ̵ģ
ӵͷ˵ǣϳǡ
ɣȱ޻ءֺǺǵ˵һߵͷܿǳţǴĶ࣬˹ƣͣͿ⼸ֳߵÿ컹ʡ
ֳɻطһ䡣
ָָԼµһ˵ֳžͿ԰͹ȥһء
ģĳЩɻֻǳһӣǰа֣иľ嵲Ŀռ䡣
һֱûظǳҲûߴ٣ֻʼкԵˡ
ҪѯʵĶǸһֻҰˣһˣÿ˶ʮ־ɣδɵѪ
վǰɵ˽˸ͭó
ɡӦһŻˣǽƹ
ƹȺ˰ҰһϣȻһȥһͳ
һʣ˼ȥ
֮ڰֱߵֻȽһʹӱڝһӴܳȥٶȾȻֻܿʣ¸Ӱ
վһߵϳ˽ǿɵۣζûӦһỹֳǡ
ǿҪ
⻰ӱ㿪ʵۼΣ
öͭһˣûͭҵģԵǱöȡһǹٸŵģ۸ܺ㡣ָǹȥ
ָĵطһשķӣ濪˸ڣһ겻ŮŮϴһ鲼ס˰˿峤ࡣ
һȺ˹ŮʣҪʲôжһ
̶һᣬȻͳһƥɫĲ˵
Ůӹ֮չϸشû淢覴ã˿ڵôһƥܻʮöʮֵͭңҲһöͭңǿҪһ
һ˳ֻҪöͭңһƥܻһö˵Ǽ乫ġ
Ȼ̴Ӧ
Ů¼Ͱͭҽǡ
ӿڼ¼ʱõĲëʣһ֧ؿǵıʣдֺںģʵõʲôʣ
Ŷ̿ʣë˵д㣬ֻҪǾܿвһЩŮؿʼ
Уǽȥӵͷ
̶˽⳵Ǯ㰤ȥԼ¿Ǹںɱ˸š
Ϊһ·ģڳϷǳƽȣһûУʱܿпճӭʻӵ⣬һӵģǴﳵֱֳֳַ֪ǳ׶
·ģﳵвסǸǽܵЩǻģǽµĵ棬·ģƽֽ̹ʵʺﳵвǳص̶ͼֽȤҲȥơ
ǸոտԻûԴ⳵ҲԼˣֻҪ̧ǱߣԼǲ뿪Ϳ⳵Ȱͻؼҡ
һľͻӣܵ˵ôȻࡣ
Լʱ㵽˼ǣʱɫȻǳŴȴƻͨڶɫĵſյõƻͨ
ſڵǼǹͿԽȥˡ
ȳ⻹֣źһȫǵյյԡ
Ŷԭڡ˻Ȼ
ʮ壬Ȼǡָ£ȻЩ˵û뵽ﾹ߹ġ
ˣҸطס˵˵
ʱǹ˽ֳͣڹ涨ĵطҵطס͸˵ֻһᣬҴǹȥ
ͬǹٸģ۸ܱˣסһֻҪʮöͭңҹ˶ǼƶģǸǵһֲһЩǮ
ס֮ûеһʱ˯ȥҹй˹䣬ЩϲԽ

Ҷϳǵ̶ʹ빺࣬˫ֳֳͼֽ½˼
ҶҲҶ褣˻ķ⻰˵ǰǰĹɡ
ǡ½˼Ӧ뿪
ߺҶಱ˵̶ӱˣ֮ǰǳȥ̵Ч𽥿ʼֳ
߰Ħ˵Ǽ£һһ·гǳء
ҶǷȻ鲻Խ¶һĨЦݣһܹʵõԸ
˵ʷĹ켣ҶʷŨīزʵһʣͬʱҲΪǡ
ȫꡣ
л˵
ȫֵʱɵͬʱȴЩȻµ£ĸµʱ䶼Ȿϣټǰڵ׼ʱ䣬͸ˡ
лһ·׷СɰǣСͰɳ֤˱ĵĵͬʱҲǳлǰıʺϵȱ㣬ϣ´ټʱǻԸõı
ڷ⣬ȹٷ
СɰǿԹעһһҪԭʼʱĵС˵èģ
ôϹټ


±رС˵ַwww.27txt.La
ÿ£ϲȥ