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ܱ۸ޣ۴
ߣͷ
İ
ܡ
˽Ʒ˲ƽˮĶǹܣҲĳЩĹ򹷣ȻԼֻΪ飩˴˷Źлл
Ϊ˶ӣΪλλͬū졣
նԡѪϣվۣ֮Ը
ȨƳ٣µһȨɵѣͼ죬Юıλ
һڳУĿܻʵγԵ
λʵ۱£ӵʱмȻ˾ԣڶӵʱûܹкʵ۵ʱֱѿءǺòң
ֱһ칬͢ҹ磬ʵۺϯȴ͵͵ϯѾͻĹԱײ
ֻұ˵޵ҩһͷͷıĶγģһϻ~ɫ𣿡
ĿеĿܻʵγЦֱա
ӣ
˵õĿĿܻʵˣ
ȫĲһ
ֻײһܵǲ֪һܡ
ڴҹ֮ǰҹҹõĲǻС
һһεġڱ˴ںϵʱ򣬽ذʵγ˵ҪôңҪôɱҡ
㣬ಫȻɣ޻ڡ
ݱǩ ͢ ж ֮ ֮
ؼ֣ǣγ  ǣ  
һ仰飺¹Ѽ
⣺ԶҪ䣬Զ־ԶϣԶĻ룡


1 
ǬǶֶѣʱһѴӵĺӰӣˮһйǧɣһʱ֮Ϳ̿
Ǭҹ齨ӣﱸʣֵļɽȵվ֡
òӰմʰ԰ʡѴַ֡
߲ݴˮ֣̻ؾˣǰӡ
͹ٱͬڼ䣺ˮĵɽʯ¡ҩ˲˲ȥʳȱ
ʱӺ֮·ų䶨
ˣس

ǬĻʹһ۱װĻʵγ̫Ԫʲôʱ
˵仰ʱܵһͰֻ˰Ρ
βˮ̹ζ
Ͷ˸飬ҲԵûûζ
ʵγ̫ԪһɫļϣػϵĻһաˮ䶨þòڳ£¶ѻӦò·ϵ顣
УƽﲻʲôҪͻӰ룬һγȥĸ£϶ʮˣ϶ӱ޸ϻ
ĻԪ˵
ʵγԪ˵վͻأ¶һĨŨص
վڳȼӭʪķ磬һˮ֯Ļһһȵȥ
ѳֳȾָԼꡣ
Լֻܻʵۣκβ
ֻҪһɱϲˣͺ޲ܽʬΡɱ֮졣
Ȼʹлɱ˹ֲһµȥ֣Ϊ
γһر˱۾ԸˣȡĽԪ޳дġزԸҪȥʾ¡
ʾǴǬĻʼ侩ɽ
ҪȻճһͳ
Ϊ˷ա¡С¡ĵʣڹרһ˼λʾµ¸صĴʦСʾ¡
˻ϵķԸĿԪﶼ֪ϲľǻȥСʾ¡
Ԫʱԥĳ幬գ۾Щ˱⣬æȥ׼ȥСʾµһӦʲ
Ԫ룺վͻڰѸعĽԪСزԸչȥҲã˵ʱֺͻϳ
ŭ˵ľֻսս¡Щܱܡ
ʵγСʾȥһ·ϷƮҡƳѹһıضһƬ谵
һ޴¡ɫž˺ѡ̧ĹˣֹסЩ̿֡ˡ
ðſ籩꣬Сʾڵˡ
Ԫȫʪ͸ˣǱͰһһѱ紵Ķ췭ϹǼֽܵɡγ͵Сʾµ¡
Сʾɳ֡ʦȫӭ
γ̧Ŵ۱ȥһڹ̧űձ˵Ӹ
۱γ˷ȻվڵмͷŽߴķ÷ֱִȱìܣǰһһӿͷԣ˰ַԸǶȥһ˾һ

γŷص̾һϣսԪֽǮԼزԸ
عҺú޹ɱ㣬Һ޲ܽʬΣȴ²֡µĳҪңǻҪƽڰ⣬µĲԶ֮ϣʹҰġҲ죬ȷĺܺãҲ
ع˵ҵҪҪɱ
Ҳɱ𣿻Уγ۵ԾĻЩ룬촽ɬĶ˶ҾùˣҺ¡
عĺ㡣
˵⻰ʱ𽥷̡ģʱ̧̧ỹǻı½
΢΢죬Ÿư˽Ǵͭ棬лϵķɻң鱯ѹӻͳһö塣
Լ׺˫Ϸˮšհ֡
عհ
γѻУ·ڽѪԼһ

ԽԽԽԽһ
׵Ŀ㷡
ֻǵʵ޹һڹ˵Ҫ֣̿ˣҲվȥϾ粻գ겻ճǰŭǺܿܽ͹ȥˡ
ˣһôʲôѵȥǲ֪
ߺ峺˵ͳҲֲ߰ҲϸЩͷ
·˺ܺ˵
ֻǻʵ޹Ĺ˵仰֮ͨͨĹһƬһٲ̧ͷֱſڵϣ޲ܰҲש
е˻̲סɪɪ
˸߽Գ۷һϵֹء
壬üĿƽҲ쳣䡣
ŵϹ򵹵һƬˣֵͬʱ΢΢תһöָש˼ٿͣ¡
˵һһô£֪˻ȥĺԡȥСʾ¸ǸֽǮô
صĹ˶ʱɪԽ
ʵ޹ڼžţ⾲աͷƮҡ
һСµ꣬ʪʪģ¶ȸˣСЩȥӭһӭϣǵøһ硣ȥɣȥ¡
һɪɪĹɴ⣬Ҵӵ޹һ·
һ̫൱ͷԸðȥСʾ£֪һܹܴ̫Ԫˣ
а粻ŻȥλֽʱҪˡ
л˵
ϻĹŵԤġϵʦ̫裬ͽмܲס
ϵʦ߳ͽ
ͽʦ
ģ

ӰԽ188ܻ֮200ѾͷһͽܣϣͽԼԼһ
ħҪֻһʮں쳾֮бĥһܳɾ
ʮһѩȽŶֻնȥԼһܳΪħ⣬ͻȻһůڵĻ
ӰۼˣôСֽŶáš
⣺û뵽+jpg

ʲôʲôԹΪʲôҪУ
Ӱ±ͷһ
⣺
ӰʿˮԺҾʦˣһڷԲţһˮȣš߰ȣȥ㣬βΡˮ㻹Ǻ㻹֭㻹±
⣺Ҫ+پjpg
͡Ͳܻװ
Ӱȥ⡪
ʦʦ𣡳ϲ𣿡
ʦʦ𣡳𣿡
ʦʦ𣡳Ե¿𣿡

һ
200굽˲ûʦ
Ϊħõɵͽܣ
˫˫ᶼĹ


2 
ᣡһѩâγʪ۸Ĳˡ룬ȴ
ڲׯص޹վһ֪ʲô۾Ũصı
ûãӱߵĵ
ͷԼЬӣЬӵЬǺɫģˮ͸ˣԵøڡ
ЬĽűġ
°Ҳʪʪġ
ӱ޻ؾûлķʳûгԣϵķʳҲûгԣи뿴һγ
Ͼĸûˣˣ롣
ǣγȥСʾ¡
γֻǸع
ʼմͷŵ棬֪ƶã֨ѽһˣ̧ͷſڿȥ
һһŲ׵ľĿԣȴˮǧɽ
γ¶Цݣº͵˵´´ͲҪȥСʾ¸ǸֽˣҪϧԼӡ
Ǹˡһγ񾭣ĲӶʱԹĻأһգҾͲܰһգҵ壬ȥһҲܳ꣬ǧ޼
ȻʧЦ漴վγ˹ȥγЫʱת˽ŲԶЩ
Ҳ⣬ϣˮ档
غ֮תԶγЦһ㶼ЦΪǸ˾Ҫ΢ҲԼǸ𣿡
Ц˭Ҫ΢
γקȭͷ
¹ǰ棬¹óһް׵ý˿ĵһ׳γǰ棬̧Ҫγͷ
γʱܿ
Ӷ˵㲻Ҫң
һקסγקײԼϣֻγ֫޲γˮͷ
ȵĺĶͷϣγҵġݺݵ»˼¡
º͵Ķγӽʱڷ΢֪ȥعֽ΢ûʵ𼱻Ǹϻ·ͷʪˣҪǲСˣ΢ֻᵣġ
޲γĶ䣬Ķϸγ岻ԼƵš
ĸûмγ˼賤˰ôŲ̲סͷȥĶͷıǼ⣬Ҫһ촽Ȼγȥ
ļԼҪһ촽γȻƿֻǣγЬʪģôһƹǱƿˣγԼʱһˤּۿקס½
ߴѲֹֽۣ½󲻿ظһֱѿһöѿ½ڵϡ
Ǻ
ڵϾȻнʯ
ص˲䣬γͫȻһͬʱȥ˫Ϸˮ塣
ָ䣬Ҳγߴγָ֮ǰһѰѻС
˫Ϸˮ壬ۿ΢΢ЩʪһŵĲ˵γѾ˵ʵҵģ𣿲ȻôĻ塣
Ȼûڣָмתˡհ֡
ǻûѾ
γۿ죬֣ʣ㻹ң㻹ҡ㣬кãعֻʣˣҡ
Цǧʹ£ȻЦ
޳ָĦ塣
һ㡢һĦš
жʮӧһ˸Դնһͷ­ȽǮԥµ񣬵꣬͸γ
γ˵عΨһĶˡ

ʱתһɱعǧУ
ðκγ۾ĹͣȻҰԼĶΪá
Žŵۿͨ졢ʪγɬһ׽ͣŻϵ˿У׹ڿĻζš
ôһٶγ˶γ֪жôԼعİ嶯֮°ѻˤˡ
γ۾Ũصı
ڣѻγȻγķֻ˲õ̾ϢƵ˵ԽԽˣ֪΢ϲϣȴܰһЩ΢ĸε顣
ϰ΢ˣ΢׻ˡϣ΢̲ˡ
γ̲ס
γͷ˵΢ع˾ˣҲټƽʲôǻ飬ʵ̫ҵġҪһ΢Ҳûа취ӽ΢ϣѶǸ˵ĸúòĵףֽҲáҲգҪٽ΢֪ҲҪ΢򣬡
΢Ĳ֪ʲô
һعĹǻұŴ׼·ǽ𣿡
γȻ̧ͷŹ񾪿־
γһۡγعǸ˵ÿһ⣬Ŀڵĵ
Ѫģ
Ūˡ
Զ޷γһ
ͳĶﱻ˽غ
ɱعǸСˣγȴĵ׺
γκ۾Լγȴš
һв̽䣡
γŹľ֡
ΪʲôǲϷŹңΪʲôѾǸǬȺֻ֪֪лʵۡ㵽λãΪʲôϷŹңҪʲôûУΪʲôǲŹң
ֲȥγϵᣬɫƽ˿ʮº͵ɤ˵ϣ΢ֻһģҲֻϣһ֮ģײ롣
ҲĲˡ
ôǣһţͬˣͬѨ˵գȻγȥĸ²ˣ΢Ľû΢
γɪɪҲ룬㲻Ҫǿҡ
Ĳ룿˷˴ϡ
γƾŹţ
ꡪ
ͻȻγʱһ㶡
ͷγϡ
γųķ˶Ӳš
Ķγͨͨ˺һŻ˵ϣ΢ȥӾ֣ʯɳҵĲӣȫȴΪһҲʹѹʱԽҽľ۾ڣѪҺͨҲΪһʱ룬ˣ᲻ῪĵЦһ˻ܺЦһЦ־úֵá
γļʱһ
۾һƬʪĺ졣
ΪʲôԼȴ
ʵãѾ֪ԼԹʲôˡ
ͷ֧뿪γšȻͷȥ촽γһû㿪¾Ͷ㿪ˣϡ
γ֪ȥ͹֮Ż顣ȻӴӿҪµس䡣Ǳס˻


3 
޵ƵĴϣˮ۾Ứţۿת˺һûסӨ۽ǹʪ޽ǣʪͷ
β޵ġ
ǼҲ۷۵ġ
尾ˡ
õƵ촽¶ҷ
ˡˣſޣſޣҪɱ
ޱ飬ģƵģƽƽģɾƽƽ·úƵĴ˹
ſ޵Ǳ˫ͨ죬ɫͷĻϡֽڹϣһͷǣֻһ˫ӥ˿
õģ΢΢ҹš޵·ϣڻԴϡ
ù˵Ⱦҩ͵˵ϣʱͺڽשײ졣˵⻰͸ƵģƫƫһֳĶûС
Ͼֵ޲룬޲Ըʿɶֹ
޵ҹ
ͷƮҡ
γֻ˵꣬ȴֻһЦƺЩģƺЩζ
֮γ
Ҳ
΢Իϣ֪ʲôʿɶֹ
΢ǰ;ûϸ΢ġӱ߽΢ֻһ뷨ӵлϡ
΢ԻϵĿͬɳĮҪ˶ˮĿ΢ϲϿʼҹҹûһ첻˼ϡ
΢ϲϣϲѻһһڳԽǸѪ
γŹſޣˣˣ
γϣƽԽƽԽΣա
΢ôʼյòϵģãͷˡԻϲҪ΢ˣȻ΢ĻӰѻϰϣһһҹҹֻܶ΢΢֮ãɻԸ𣿡
γ˫Ҳ
ϳϣ
ҳϣ
ʵϲô
ʵʵǻעĸоƺһֲܿƵĸҰݷ賤ÿԹ̲סԼúúһһϲعŶԡ

γ尾־ıŹ³ĻҳһҪɱ㣡
ӵ˿뷨룺

Ū
ռ



ԶԼ
ᣡ
ͻȻһѩâγʪ
΢ԸڻֻҪܺݵģ΢
γͻȻchuذףͫ׾
Ȼγɳȣ䣬޵·ҫ۵׵
ذ壬⴦£̴ľǶһһźγɫĺ챦ʯһƯĺγĲµĻ
ƽżģ´˿γޱȼ尾ĴֽѹγȻγֺ̿¼䣬ذγ
˵΢ϲϣϲϡζֻϵ۾ֻ΢һˣ΢Ϊ˸κδۡ
΢Իϲֻ
΢ԻϵϲͰҲֻ˵˵
΢֪Լ治Ҳ֪ôԴϣǺ޼΢΢ڣ΢ԸڻȰذúãȫ΢²ϵ˼֮飬΢
γԽԽ
ԽԽᣬʼû̫΢ź˻ϣ˶΢
γŹĵذףš
ԽԽѰˡ
졭


ڣذղסˡ
γѲˣܲˣ޵ίޡޡ
ޡ
Ұɡ

ֱһǣմȾЩϣ΢þòϣŻϡ뼫ˡðʱ䣬΢Իϵ˼Ľ

£Ȼ΢΢ͳһ˵Ը΢˵ġҹܳʡŵޣɤӣ糯¶ڣ֪˿ɲá
γ
Ǻˮγ§ڻסǽڷ޳ָһǣγоԼȥ˺öأȴֻһ
˲֪ãγëϸգգɫźĹ˷ڷ¹йǰذףûҪҪذ׾͵ˣذӦͷߡ
γʱþ˱ľʯģű΢΢Ĺ
ûᡣǺûᡣ
ɱԼܵȨĻʵۣǿܻʵۡ
ɱİعھȪ֮Ŀ
֪ذ׵⻺Ĵս˹۾ʱ򣬹ƤȻ
γеذ׶ʱͣ٣ɪɪ
һ˫ž޲ǳɫֱֱĶγ
üëûһ£Ƥûգһ£˵ϳ־ˡ
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ȻԼ۾ײγĵ⡣
γ˫۵ʱȻɴеذȻˡ
Цˡ
γ۰ϣͷһ촽
ϣ΢ǵΪһֻˮĳµɱ˳𣿡
γݺݱȥ˫ʪ⣬Ľëˮһˡ
ɷȴ͵ĸԡ
̲סһ¡
γһ£ʱֶݺݵת۾ֱɹб𶯣һʱ
ЦЦڻЦֻЦرǳ
𣿡
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ΪŲŻƹԼΪס
γذ״㵼ˣ˶Ȧţֿʼˡ
γ棬Ŵγ۾ʵرгγһ˲Ļ㱣òϹһﳤõȷ
տ޷Ĩӳ治ס·ϵ
ڶγ˵ϣڿˡ΢Ȼûб²ǻȴԲذԾڻУ΢˵΢ֻҪҪʱءۺ£΢ĸԸ
ֻҪɱ΢΢޶
㵱Ϊ޲ɱ𣿡γŬԵУڱıԵ˫ĿͨŹ
ذ׵˹Ĳϡ
ס§Ц˵ϣӱ΢ࡣ
ϣ֪΢𣿡
Ÿܵõ΢ĵط
ӿʼ

ӿģ
ĵ

ǰǶ˺챦ʯذһֱγݺݵ
µ󣬱һĹס󣬵ֱӴ˹ĿڵƤˣûȥ
γԼǸ

ۺ˯ȥ
˰ϣŽëʪʪͷγȴû˯ʱᣬǹЩЦݡȥγգʱ۸˵γ˯ﶼҭ˼ίˡ

Сһ
Ļ䵽ΪֹȥҲۣϾҩʱˡ
ǿγӣ̲סγǻʱ顣
֧ͷ­ۼ˯ȥγصմĶ졣
ֻڿеһ顪


4 
ǣһ͸ϵĹϣҶְ֧-ôôౣ
ڻһ飬㿪ͿǰֱԹ濴һû뿴ĸݣȫǾݣɵüȥ˿Ŀ¼
0001¶ҹ
0002²н

ʲôǣ˭Ҫڻп飿ЩĿ¼ɵƲƲ죬һĿ¼Ǿ߱⣬ʱЩɺ
дˣϾ̫ӰԷܹڻҵһ黹ȽϿԡ˵ģҲǲס
ǹҲû죬ֻĿ¼һֱ1680ºĻͣ
emmm½Щͮͮζ
ǹ˽ȥ
ţţ˻


Ү
ڷֺԼһ
ǳʮ㡢ȳԼҲͦϵģһʱдˡ
ʵ۳ױˣĻ·ϣǳǳ֪֡ǶҲͺţԼĿLXXXLỵ𡭡
emmm
ŵΪʲôִ
ˣ
ͺˡ
1680µĩβдСʵۺĵһΣĻһء

߹ݰ
Ȼд1680˲дСʵ۸ǵĵһΣ
ߵıȷдú㡣1680ߣһ÷ɿ졣Ҳʮ㡣1680ǰľ飬˿Ȥ
ȻҲйĴڡС˵ͬͬյĽɫҪȫģԷ项顣
һ£
֣ѾΪXūĻʵۣ踺һ֮󣬽ͱˣȻӹеȨΪ˴Ǭʷĵ
һ䣺ףǿȹú
ȫꡪ
_ѣ
ͻȻʲôˡ
ѵΪ̫ˮԱ͵鵽˵ַȻҹڷ֮ʡ֮ʱ
˻
ԲŻᱨSһдô֣
Ҳ̫յվ˾ͳʱ䣬Ѿ賿ˣ˿ͷϵĽᣬԥǰֻŵ̨ϣȻ˴˸ˮϴ֮ɵϱ۾˯
ϵĹ˯˯ţͻȻݺݵĳһ£˫͵رֱȻˡ
Ǳѵġ
䵽бͷۡ
۾ľ񴰻Ϻֽ紵ˣһ¯СĿ̿ϨĲϨ𣬷쬵ģϵޱ
ֱ˺ü磬µݿֱ졣
ǰĳ˺һ˵ˡˡˡ
ãȻһݺݵľԼһѣ۵ʱһţѹסʹȻۿỨǴת
ܲʵ̫пˡ̫п˰
ԶԼ֡
Ȼľʹ£ɻڡξ
֪ˣűQˡ
ͻȻԴһʹһСкļȻӿԺЩĸŻ£ʲô²ſڴϼֱҪ
˲֪ãźקסıקģﺰһԽ񰡣һȥɣұ֤ԺҲС-ˣҷİһȥء
ȻɺĴ
ʲôûб仯
ºˣױ
૵ĵôһȥȫҴͷԽֵļһﶼ𣿰
л˵
гɳߡ
ڳɳ123ı㡢λȨءǬա̩ɽǰɫĵزкܳһ·ҪߡǾڴ
evrybodyһˡౡ


5 
кӽһʮ꣬ͬͬգڶǶүѵķСڼġ
賿㣬1680¿1780µĸѧǹҲģҲڶʵڸոʱ򣬱ײĶŹʱ򣬾ͻڲŭǡ
кӵļ䣬Լļ䣬ΪԼǴ鵽ⱾˡҺ˸
ǡǡ
ûпȫİ
ǰ춳صɲùȥһһʮкӼһһƿϱĸһıӣЬӡЬʱЬˮʪʪģ߿ ˣЬӶĥˡ
üë²ǼƽôʱӴµأֱߵſڣšѩɶë׷ؼשǽ߶ڱѩԵø䡣
ܳ
̲סһ
ǸĲݴ˴԰ӣ滹һţ͸еķ϶ԿͷһѴһϵϡ
ʱҲ˿԰ӦǶĵط׼ūĴɨѩæµ
һ˿͵ܳȥ϶Ҫץ˵гͷ
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ѩϵĿ֦Ҫ鷿䣬ˮҲ׸ɡ
˵Ĳݿ԰ChuΪջĲϡ
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һȷŵЩ͸ľͷڻ̿˯ʱôȡů
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6 
Լ켣ûкͱ˴ܡ
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ⶨ£ûһǴġ
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ⱾϻŬһˣҪ䣨#^.^#Ǿ͹̶ʱȡ
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7 
չˡĴʹӵ๫ҲǶһۣвƽ︺ѷʡݡ׽棬ǹ԰ӵĹܼͷһСۡ
һӹܵˣǮȨȫӵƴӣ˵
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Ϊʲô֪͵ȣ
ȻΪײ˲˯Ĳ񷿴ϸ˹ҡ
һաʱСĻһӣˤææ˻󣬸Ͻ·
ɲɵһţͿ˲ĴϲĿǸŮ˻ǺͲһ𵱲ţϱС䡣
඼Ҫˡ
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ǲһͰվſҪȴܵġһקȥͷĴһ١
СҪǸ˵ȥӾ͸ĵٰ㳦ӳι
ȭ߾һ٣ηηǽǣҴ
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ηηڽ䣬һֶð
ڣƽպƭȥ˽Ǯ
ǡ
ϾҪݺôһϷˣ

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ңղûһڻƮѩĴĻš
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˻ŵʱûºˣ˾Ͳһˡ
¹ˣʲôаmenֻһûһ͵ǲιš
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ܸȵҹˣȴؽƼ̦Ժ
ȻǸ粻ҲҪġ£ͷȴ˼˺ãˣϽѻҲߡ
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಼಼ֽͬǰ಼ͬк಼ͬͬƽס಼ǰ಼ͬͬʲô
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ʵԼԼ֪Щ˵飬ûץֳһֱֻ۱ֻۡ
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Ӷͻˡ
һƬŤ˵ĺܣ

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ӦûůͷĻݲݶѷʡ
ӦûڳææģԲھͻ
֪˹˽ǮٰѹƼ̦ԺʱһɥӲˣ׬Ǯ
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ƽСĹϺֵ棬ˡû˿ŵļ
߸ΧǽΧԺӣһԷһֿһ񷿡ƽһӾͳˣûУƿžͽȥˡѩ֮¿Կһǽ˸߸ߵĲһǽһŴһǽûʲô
ͳӣڰУ̿ĵ㣬֦Ļۣ֪˿ܿ˾ͺܿˡ
ש˳
Ȼһɰɰкüӣ
ƽ۾˷ƵϲãƽѺɰԼĿdangڴһʱϻӵľðʹ뿪

ӿƽԼҵţʱʹȥץƽһֳƽô˸ԼȻʮȴǸˣѹƲסƽʱҪǸˡˣͲˡʱ˾Ҫȥ˼Ҽﺰϼˡ
ʱͷȥʮףҵļſϣֵܣǴ㡣
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˵һ˵ȻҸӣҪ˸
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ʱºͬһڣҲҹӴðԴȷûˣϽţϱС
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СʣҼţˣϲǺůѷ𣿸ÿ궼ҪٰδġæŶ԰
˵æҲôһҵĺţڶѷˣҸ˵̫䣬ഩ·ҵĺñҰ๫㣬Ұ๫ůůӡ궬Ļš
ڴµƽ


8 
ܿСͻ𼱻ǽ˴
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ǵŵԼͷϵĴƹƹ飡ⴲôˡ
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ͻȻͣˡ
Сž˲һ£ûˣ
ҽšҽšǽšñһȵҡ
ƽhetui!!õ˵ҪҵĻ϶ô죬һһҹڻ¡
С˵ӣû뵽һ˽ôɧͷҪȥ֪ʲôˡ
ƽڴǽǡɷɵʱ򣬲ִñǼ
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ܳүʲôʱܽ
ѡʱĲʱ
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ӵĶ֣ޣ군ˣ͵ǽǹ죬ֵǾҪ̽үмֻۣ
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Ӷܡܣ˵ʲô
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ƽǷſҡſңҲҪҲǣſң
죬ס졣
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С͸ˡ
ٸڷϣøɿȴ;ʮȥ
Ĳǽһۡ
С޵ǽһҡ
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ƽ
鼫ˣλˣ־Уѣٺٺ٣
ƽĸˡ
񶼾


9 
ӡ϶
﷢ȣ֣ЦS𽥱T
ƽˣ˵
ӽӷԸˣͻȻ

ָв԰
ķ顣
ƽҵκʱҪľҡ
һ˰ΰһ
ӵɵøͭ壡
ܳ
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ӻδ˵ʱӣҵǮҵǮҷģĸƽûκPYϵҷģ
ӽǮ򿪺ɰһһӣġһġǸģЩˡ
ڶһáǴ󷽣ͷĹܼҲߵĶࡣ
±ߵ²ʲôˮĲ£Ҳżܳϵˮ
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гǮʱѾ߷֣ǲص˽Ǯ
ܺáüˣ
ӣҸûϵǸС͵͵ҵǮ
ӿѾϵġݵƽüͷȻ˵ģĲóҵҪ⹷³ʲô
ĵİĶƽͳܹ˵ƽʱ첱ӴֵƨǹӣǹҵӣôڰƤһͳӣ
µĲʱҲʾŷƨӵӣӲڲ񷿵ӡǸӣиPӣ
С䣺ء
ӡ϶Ŀ쬵Ŀǡ
ĿеĶƽļ⣬ٺٺ١
ʱĶ˵͵ǮҲ͵RҲգҪǲһǳԲ˶ߣ¶ͱˣ

ˣ²ˡ²ˣԺλ˸գ۾ֲãԼҹˮȣˤ˲ˤԸͷˡ
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϶ϱܹܼң㵼ˣܹܼңôˣ
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϶ϱʱĻżˡ
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϶ϱ⡢⡭ĲˣôˣҪʲôڲźã
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϶ϱﺬҪԥԥܹܼһƲ϶ϱͷȥ
϶϶ܹܼˡ
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һ仰飺ƾپ


10 
ӼҾҲԶո䡢ǰʮ׾͵ˡ
ܹܼҿӼŴ˩ţʱ֪ڼң顢
ŰŰ֪ڼң쿪ŰܹܼҶҪѪˡ
ӡ϶ġС䡢ƽ
¼ܱ¶ȥǲ߸˵Ĺͬ뷨
ӵӵվԸ϶ģ죡˸ˣװʲô¶ûз
˻𼱻æ
ԺѩܼġܹܼＱĲУ˺þõŶûţǷѩ̫û
ֶȥŷ϶¼Ȩֱ˨һƣͳлĲѸȥ
ܹܼңǿ϶һ߿һྐྵӣôǶû
Ȼܹܼ͵ذѸ˨ûеĲײ󣬿ȴǡ
ϥϵĿ
СϵĺǶ
ƽһߴһߴӣ
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ܹܼң
ܹܼң
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磡磡
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ͷ˿Ҳù͢ҩһ㡣
ҽһҲ͸һ
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żѱ˯ȥ֮ӲŵĳżѵԷֵҹѾǵ˯ǳˣǵŵġ
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ܹܼüģӵҵǱߵﲻ̤ʵҲܰġԺǱôˣ
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Ӷܹܼҵ˷ײҪ¼ܷŹˡ˷ˣһҪЩشáַҪǲɱˣⶨôˣ
ܹܼͷ

峿żѱźž桢ױװһ˿һ֮ȥٰø̫̫밲
·ѾߡڵĺԺܹӣԺǱΣˣ
ӷżȥٰõϣżѿο˵ˣԺǱһѾ߹ˣСǱѾˣһ绹ճҽ̫ҽԺֵǲĹŵĿȹţֵٹơ
Ӽż⻰üë΢΢æϼ䣺˲صģĿҽ׿̫С̫ҽԺ㣬ŻǸССĿ
żŵ˵ͷԺǱ߲ҪٸҳκβӣúźšٲҪһο¡
ӹ˵ū澻ʱʱעŵġ
һаˣ԰ССϵĻѩѾĸɾ߻ľϵĻѩȴ綳˵Ľ
żѿһԲεıڹٰ߽õķΧʱ¶һֹżѺԼѾߡĹӣദʮ꣬ʮ˽״
ʲô±˵زһšΪʲôΪѵˣøӵ˵
ſ˻ͷˣ¶Ķ䣬ǣǸϣūţ֪һ
żѶʱüëһõǸѾؽƼ̦Ժôֳ֪ˣϻزүͷϣ͸ͬǸͷһȱС
ˣżѵ˵Ƽ̦Ժף̿ȴɼtingšɷˣƵġ
˵գ㽫ҹ๫ܹܼҴæȥ಼ֵͬβڣȥȴײһϷ
ܽᣬżѵˣƽڿܲȥС˹ϣֻǹӣȥšԼ͵ԣԼϡ
żüͻͻٰ̫̫ĿҪˣżһѹŭ¶˳ϲЦȴҧгݵĶӵһȺܻˣȫôȥ
ٰ̫̫Ŀؾصĸ̫̫˰̫̫˵˻ӻЩʳ̫̫Ҫèˣżǡ
ٰõĴԺżԭĽŲȻӿˣӣҧгݵķԸȺHҴҵҪԱ硣Ҫ˵һȻȫ̧ȥҲŷ磬ǧҲΪ
ɫҲ࣬ʵˣҪƼ̦Ժһ
żŭ𷭹һĻһô꣬Ҳķ羰µˡΣһˣǸӦ
·𷱻ʢ԰ܻκÿܵŻ԰Ľһ衣

ƫƧõƼ̦ԺһѩССںšȻѾܶˣûгԵĶֻܿȵˮһ¡
ʱƼ̦ԺĴһ˴򿪣ϣȻϵĴ˷š
ʱͿԺﴳĸ׶׳
еš
֪ʲô¡
ɴǸƽȥӵйء
ʲô
СӰߣ
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Ͼʮ塢ֶ飬Ҳĸ׳
ųƼ̦ԺżѵԺȥ
л˵
̫ҽԺְɵ͵ߣҽҽԱҽʿĿҽԺСԺʹ


11 
˫֣ȻеҲرܣϾȵۼӪûиϣ͵ݹᾣ˫ַʮֶһָָ⡣
Ĵţ̹ǵ䡣·͸ⵥżԺȥ˶ɪɪ
ͷţϵĺ͸ˡ
ԼΪְ̫ۡҹС-飬Ż
һҽߣĺͿ£Ǿȡ
ܹػһΣ϶ѾĪĻԵٲеڶΡҪԼأǾġ׵ȥ
û
ֻһϵĸ֣һ֫ϵߡ
һƻӣûϹˣܹ
ڷʲô֪ͺצ
ѵִˣ
ƽȥӣһΪ˰ƽʱŪҲöӵĲʹ
ܻǮʱĻԼǮȻԥľ¡ǮҲܸ
СùôΣǮûǾ͵Ǯˡ
Լȥ󣬿϶ƽӵʱ򱻴סˣ˵ѹ˦Լ硪
1˵ģҰùȥҲܸƸƻʳƸ
2ллʱϣ԰˽Ӹңֻȥӵģû͵Ҫ͵Ҳǹݺҵİԩ
ֻʱ򡸳ϳϿҿҡķϴ˱һȥ߱ϽƼ̦Ժŵ
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ܿͱżѵԺȻǰԺǴȥ˺Ժ񷿡żǲĲˣһԺӡ
൱ںһԴ԰⡢ӾصĶʽģִȫ
ʱ򣬱һпųë׳һˤѩϣһˡƺһʹüܡ
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ڵǣЩƨײһ֮󣬱ż֪ˣ
ϥѩ϶ʹϵѩԽԽ󣬱ҲԽԽݡ֮һƬɱ
ʱ򣬼׳̧һڲ̨мĹϡ
һ̫ʦαʹӰ˵ǰ棬ʹӷһŷβ輸
һѾ߽ɫƤϸˡˣһԡװ˻̿ĵѺƤϵ˳ë
ʱżѲŻ߸ӣһѾߡߵ̫ʦǰӺݻʶ˷һԵѹɢ
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ϵ˸飬ֻı绹Ҫɱ
ڼһμϷСǵĹά䲻ΣҲЩԵáȴ뵽Щ˾˴档
˹ҵĹҡ͵͵׽jianģʲô۵ĳģҲҷڲͷ̫ʴȡ
Ӧ֪ͼߣˣڷ絲ꡢɼҵ֦ȴȰܻŷ飬Ĺβ˵Ȳùһ֮ݵؤÿÿȥⲼʩ;ߵݣлܲĪݣôرģ
˰ܹܼң͵Ĵ˫ȥ˹ҵʮȫȥ¼ã
ƽͲǶʱͷĵľ죬ʹİ
ū֪ˣūҲˣ
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ֻܹܼҴˣǰѲСֱӶ죬Ȼڳϣžžžľʹ
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ȵˣСѾһϢ٣ˤѩѩһƬĿɺ졣
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ƽŵͷѣǣǹūȥõİūԩūҪ֪ǲģūŸȥáŷˣ
żƤ΢΢˴Ȼ̧ۿϵĹʵǷ֪ǲģȴڲƭƽ˵ӣƽȥã
ţͷҲߵѩʲôԾŨŨΣС
ֱżѣƺܹ˸ͷСôһ֣Ƿ˺Ҫºˡ
Ȼ¼УʵҲû̫ĹżѲҲ˰Լ˹
˼һȦȻƽĿһżѣȻֿͷ˵ط˵ĻūʧְܷƼ̦Ժ˼ƽūպūΪ࣬ʵ֪ūûС
ūһɥӣʮǮūŹϯᣬʣ̰ۡ
ūŻδūһ̣õӡ
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ֻū췣֮ǰū֪Լ㣬貮鹣һ£ǻѵͷūŸ֫Թ
ҪūڲūϢ֮ūԸΪΪţΪԹʹ
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ƽ
ƽˡҡҡҡ
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μˮʯȻҲ鼱֮Ͷ·ų²ߡʵûʲô̫ҪǴ»ڸ
żѶʱüëõĿŹ
ǴӲ֪Ȼ˵Ƕˣһۣܶʲô飿ֶʶ


12 
Ϊɡ
쵽ײûģӰܻŷ˵ġ
żѿƽ˵ԭΪֻƷвˣ͵֮²ϳϣȴԭͷǰѾƷвˣĿıƺ
ԸܹܼңȱС
ƽһʱ࣬ĸȥͬһ˲Ϣʦͨǧ׹
ƽޣˣūҲˡҲˡūһʱϲŻˡ
ܹܼ˰ƽסˣϡ
ȻżֱȱУǾ˿֡ӳ׹ÿһø졣
ƽʹ۾ҪۿдڴڵѪӺŻ˶ĲѪ
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ԼʮʮƽȣصūŶȻ£ٲ÷˿Ĺǡūл˴ūиĹµĻᡣ
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ѩѪڹ۾۵Ҳӳ˺죬һ㡢һͫʣ׹֮Ԩ
ܹܼҿŹĶԹ˵ɡ
ףĸܹܼȥԺ·߹ЩطҲʵʵؾأܹܼҿ̹СӵҲ֪ʶȤطĹҲǺ¡ã
ܹܼҴƹԺںƼ̦ԺƫƧһԺǰͣ½Ųͷװһһ˷ܹܼҲȥ
վǰԹ˵ԺԭҹͷˣĶ׳İࡣúദţˣ𣿡
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ܹܼʩʩȻ뿪
ġվֱˣļͷ˰ɫѩĿĵܹܼҵıϣȻ󻺻˻˷Ժ䡣


13 
˷ԺЩΪ´ѩЩˢ굹ˮĹͰ档
֨ѽһƿţȥһϹһֻۡԶȱʧֻһԭطˣëˢˢŹͰ
׳ˡ
߽ˣ׳ŷ˹̧ͷŹܾȡ
Ȼ֪ʲôˣ׳ֺƵĶԹЦȻ˵㡢ǣ
Աһϣ˵һҹġҽй
׳ǵô˵ĿŹЦǺ˵ã׳Ժһҹ㰡
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׳ʱŹô촽ķϣվ˦˦ϵˮˮ鶼ˡ
׳㴩̫ˣϵһЩ·㽫Ŵɡ
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¶·ﻹҼƽôࣿ
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ҲһȥϴͰٻеӦġȻҲá
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ȥһ̿ǰ̿Ұ̿ˣյøá
ʱ׳ˮˮϸϸ֡첲ϴɾˣˮȻ󺰹ˣȥ緹ˡ
Ͱǯ˵ϣȻŲӿĳ۾Ź⡣
ԷˣԷˣ
ٲԶθˣ
׳ȥ˻﷿Զʱ򣬻﷿ѾûʲôˡԭǳԷҪȱ˳˲
һ·׳ܿˣñ˿Ǿ㡢ġ
׳˻﷿һֺĳʦ׳˵˷ˣԼȥ԰ɡ
׳л
ĿϳԷĹϣԷõһСľ衣ָĲи
Ȼ׳ȥķˣҲСľȫǲи
б˳ԹڳԲȥѹӡƬ
׳裬ȥڹԶ
ӻȡ˫ӣһ˫
׳Ц˵һ裬һҸղſкüƬˡٺ١
һ̡
ŷһҡβһ߳ԵĻķʹ䡣
ҾƲҪһ⣬Ϊ˹ڵ˱ϢģˣҲҪ׸

϶ӱŴǰϵˣĺԺţҪڵϣСҲǡţȦ졣
ſ϶Ŀ쬵ģ϶˼ͭǮ˵и㣬Ҽҽ˵ϼ仰
ͭ壬ʱЦװǻƵ˵µķˣҸϽ˴ߴˣɱ𵢸£ͷ첻ãҿҪҷġ
Ӵ-ҵ£ͼ仰ˡлли㡣϶˵꣬æӵһȥ˵㣬˴ˣ֪Żᷢ㵽ȥ㣬ɻǮ¸¸ţôһӲطֿ̫Զڻ
ϲǮˣ϶ǻЩ强ӣӡĿڲϣ˵񱻴ӣҩһҪǮҪТţҿһûС
ʾ⣺ҪǹĽңĴյǮТţ
϶װɵ˵ҲģӦûȥĸۡ㣬Ҫ˵Ҳüˣͷ㲻ȥӿɾѰˡ
ӣ
ֵܻܵǴˡ
ɭɭʱ˵ĳȥȻҵ컯϶Ҹ˵ҪǹǸô⣬ƽͲȥҼҰӣҲƽȥҼңҲǸˡһƷȥҵܵǰæǲæܹܼ׳ȥҽҲҵҼײӻ¡
ǴĴķãƼ̦Ժˡ϶ڲﵱһҪŪǸ
ȴҵزҪŹ
϶ʱͬ飬ӵģһڲܡ˶ϣڶ
ȻֵˣǵȥҸͷҺǰġ
ӵͷ
Ȼ˵ǸСֳÿΣĻƹţҪ㣬ıȥСĻһһ׵ģ֪ѧģžĻţܾͷ˵ӡ
϶Ҳ¡
ƽɹȴֻŪȥҹ㣬Խɵ
ͷ
ʱŴߴٵ˵ûҪˡ򶼵ȼˡ
϶һûPYЦǺǵǶԲסԲסʱˡֵֻܾôһ㣬Ⲯϣ˴ȴҪǣʵǡţȽ˺õŴֵܶȻԾơ
ɫ˱䣬Ц˵ġġ
ȴ֪϶˵⻰ʵʲô˼ֵܾôһ㣬ɶڲˣҪǸҷҼҽ㣬Ӵֵܴ㣡
϶һӲСţˣתȥ
ε¼ʵţ޹ġ
Ȼ޹ʲôã
޹Ҳ˵
ǵū͵˵

׳극֮󣬽СľòľϴˣϴɾڳһĵϡԷʱ򣬳ʦʣʣʲôĵľȹ׳ԡ
ڿ쵽Ժʱ·ײ϶϶Ҳû뵽ͽߡ·ײ
Źɫк·ǻгԹͣʱ㶾һۣĶŹ
˵ûǹôԭ
϶ô񶾵ĶţʱһתҲˡԴ׳뿪ϼװµӡ
ȴðһ뷨
նݲ紵


14 
ķصԺӡ
׳Թ˵ҰѹͰŵ峵ȥɣٹʱǾҪȥ͹Ͱˡ
ͷ
׳ɻ
׳Թ˵ЩҪϸϸˢϴѬɡߺܸ֮͹ȥ
бǵġд˸һǣǴӵģд˶Ƕӵġ
һֱдʮ塣
ճĹǴӸӣĶ
Ȼǵĸӣʵ׸ûдҲûи1680ʱ򡸹Сʵģ˵桸ӦѾС
ںܺûпȫ飬ֻ1680ºЩ
ǿ졢ˬˬûӪ
Ӫǰ1679û
ˡ
棬ѹͰ£ȻһһݵС峵ϡ
׳ָ˵ЩźǵĽǵģȻҪѬҲҪϸϸϴ顣ҪвɾĵطζǿҪƢġ
Щ㡹ָź﹫ǵѾߡ
ˡ
Ѿǵˢ˺ɫᣬдѾߵеһ֡
׳˵ЩЩǵġ
СǵˢɫᣬѾǵͰһģҲд֡
һһʮÿȥͰÿճ緹һʱҪȥ͡
ǧˡ
Ҫǻˣðæ޺áͷͰ㡣
ĵͷ
ҵ޷ֹ׳Щˣ²òͷҲòٳЩ

ǲԸ顣ֳģ·˭Ը飿
֮ҪȥԽнʮ꣬г·ĵˣ
ȶһһ˲ز
׳ѹͰȫ˰峵ȻƳԺӣȥԺһţȻѰ峵ͣ£ûþѾߡС˹ŶͰ
ʱִùͰݸ׳
׳ùģûȥͰԼ˵ȥһͰ
ʹҲſڱǣõͰľͿ첽뿪ˡûõľ͸Ͻߴٹҡ
ͷź˵ļиߵͣ׳͵ȵۡһ˵ʱһֺζ
Ѭ۾źҪʵ̲ס˲ŻܲҪñѬ
ò׵ȵϵͰӷˣ׳ǱҲһʮͰӡ׳һͰӸŵ˰峵ϣȻһǸͰ̧ϰ峵
׳˵СĵСĵҪǵˣͷǲҪͷʰˣ»Ҫٴ򡣡
ͷó
˵ģᵹġ
飻
Ͱӷźˡ
ʣһͰҹ㣬ȥ
׳˵ȻǷǵԺӣһ磬죬ͷҹеҹרŹߡ
ﻹֹˡԺУǶԺͳһڲԺĽŰһͰͳȥ

ҪŵԺ
ϻҪˢһͰ
Ķˡ
ֻһƽĳֻҪܹţ۵Ҳʱġžͻг·
ϸԼϴԡ衣
׳һŰ峵Ժȥ·ƽҲʯ·˺ѩѩɨɾʯ··ϻбˡ
Ͱǰ˵ߣֻСơ
ʱư峵Ժӵ·ϣİж£ͻ֮صķ಼ͬĽţŹ
϶ȥ֮ĵΧס
磬ôˣ
ģ磬ڿô죿
϶ڵϣϵĲĺһڣȻصİѲŵϣ˵˵ⳡȫɹ𡣡
Ǹ֣ҪƽȥӣǽҲͲײƽҵԼ򲻹ƽֵܹܼ׳ͲҵȥͲײһ£
ǧǹĴ
֮ʱͿͷ
˵Ķ԰̫ˣ
ģɷúܡƽ׬ɥӣȴû뵽ûƼ̦Ժˣ
϶ôпӣĻصĵģߵʱˣҺ㡣
ˣҸʲôһƵģҿʵˣǾƶȡ
϶˵Ϊʲô㻹Ҫ˵˵ˣĻƹǳ˵İߺţ˵СӳÿΣ㲻Ҫ˼
ģĿΣ
ɻˡ
ÿ𣿡
ĳÿ𣿡
϶

ͻȻͺ˵⻰ˡ
Ӻڴȥҹˡ
ʱҵԺͻȻ졣
϶ϱӭŷŷСܽģʮҪȥʦݷãѧʣϽȥ׳ȥ
æúúãϾ͵ˡϾ͵ˣʮӸǰԵȻ
϶Ķǳĵĺģȥйû
һ̵ܳԺˣ֪û
϶üͷĲס


15 
ĵȻ϶˵Ļˡ
װû
һֱȢϱ
ڸͷݲ顣
ŸۡʵϷǳʢ
Ƕǲģ
ҲûʲôǮεεϱ
һֱûܹǮȥϷҸ档
ңҲûʲôǮȥϷǲ
ΪһˣҪȿͷд
û
Ե϶˵òʱʮʱͷ󶯣
ǰһֱùηηͷ̧ûпӡںˣȻ϶˵ÿʹ
ʺϰ
ǳķģĸɲǸպøͯϱ
ӡǺ۸ų򲻻ڣ
ۡ棬Լϱã
ﶯͷ֮һʰ
ˣʼﻮôܰѹŪۡ
ѹŪۡ͵ǱۡϾû⡣
Ҫȥ͵ù
ôܷʲôˣ
ں׳Ǹȱҹ㡣
ҹԺӵʱװҹͰӵˣһᱻͷ
ʱҹ㶼ãһٶۡȥͰȥ֮֮ԼΪΨһ
ǶԼȡ
һԼܹõһǮȫȫԼϱ
ٺٺ٣
ա
ֱҪΪԼֳޣ
ļųʮȥʦۡѧ֮󣬵ʮӻظóһʱһֱĥԽԽڹҹԺӵʱʹùҹͰӷܹѹŪۡȥ
ʮѧʻظʱľʱ㣬˹׳ҹȥıؾ֮·ϵš

߱ͰӸţ׳һһ߰峵İ֣ʵʵʵľģģĺܡ
ټôһͰϣǧǧСġ񾭶š
ĶһôΡ
׳Ű峵ҪˣĵĶð
ڣ׳Ű峵ˣѸͳ˳һһ峵峵ʱʯ·Ϸȥ
飡

ʱȶ
ɵˣ׳ɵˣȻһѬԺܼҡѾߡСȫ˹Щ˿ⳡֱӾˡ
ܼҵôɵĻһ߰ȣϽԺҹɸʰ
Һñѩѩܺζûɢ̫ءҲûĵǡ
׳ɪɪͨһڵϣȻæԼ粵˵ǡ˳ҵĳܼԩҰ
ԺܼҶʱЦˣԩ㣿ΪʲôҪԩ㣿
ʱ˵׳ҿĳڱҪˣعģûзסǵˡ׳ɲԩ˰㲻Ϊ˱ⱻԩҡܼңҪҪ˵Ļѻ
һԣп˫üǼƵó˷ܵĹ⡣
ǳġ
ܷ
ʲô㱨
ʱߵܼҵߣĶܼ˵ܼҴ׳ȷûġ
Һ׳ƳʱĲ棬ǹ֮ʣͻȻܳǵİ峵Ūˡ
ĵ˵㡢ǾȻΪӱ𷣣ôԩһˣǵˣҸԩ޳ģйԵĿҽҵķģôң㻹ûİ
ܼҺһҲôΪ
Ͼĸ׳ûг
ʱܼ˵ˣǶˣҹ㣬ж𣿡
üʱð˾⡣ŹʱxieùĵЩġ
ʱ򣬹Ѱ峵ͰӸϳӣѹͰҲȻܼ˵ܼң˵棬һ
ʱͽ峵ǰһơ
峵û˵Ĳٿأǰһ·һʱᵹˡ
ֻᵹķղᵹķ෴
ָŰ峵ϵĴͰӾվµĴԲȦۼһľͰǿյģСͰأᵹʱƱǴӴľͰصһᵹǸղţᵹһߡߺݺһƣūź׳ƳûסҲӦǳߵǱߵ
ܼңȻնĵ˺Ū
ܼң
۾ͻȻһе
ܼҶʱģɻʲôҪ˵֤׳ף·ôƽƽбȵ°峵ᵹĿܣֻǱƷĳӡ㻹ʲô˵
Ķʱͷ綹Ϻ¡
⡢ղ·õĲһ


16 
ȻʮֶģǹһװԼϵĹ˾ϴɾˡ
ԺЩҹɸϽź׳һŪɾ
ǵѩϣѩûʲôڵϡ
ڵϵҲһˡ
ܿʰɾ
׳ҹɸϽ뿪ҪθԼֱ档
ѾɫɷףĲˡ
ܼһӾ֪ˣȥֱ˵Լ˵գΪʲôԭ򣿾Ȼ߹
ҺǴ졣Ҫ죬ζòɢöԺζ飿
ıʵ޴ӻشͨһֱӹڵϡܼܼС֪ˡ֪˰Сľһʱϣ⡢ҽ㱻ѰС֪ˣܼҴһذɣ
ܼҵƿڴūţΪһԼ˽Ȼ˲ǵĸܣҲ㣡˰ȥʮµǮ
ģܼҲˣܼ
ǵͱȥžžžĴĵİ
Ƥ΢΢˴û̫ı顣
ܼһ֮󣬱Ҫˡ
ܼȴǺ
ͣ£ѯʣܼһʲôԸ
ܼҿŹĹһ¿˵ڷԺ飬ܡȿȣܹܼ˵ˣǲǶ飿
΢һ΢ĩʶüְˡ
ܼԼɽӡ
ǫĹ˼һ˵Ȼڱҹ㣬ǵ˶Ժ͹ĳ˹ܣ֪
һ˵С֪ܼзԸСĵҪвӦֻҪССҲԸ⾡Ľ
ܼһ¿϶ȷǶġ
Щˣûūͣʲôģ
ֻҪǷˣ췣ˣǶǺ캰ؿĨģ໴Уﰡޡ
˵Ҳ秣
ܼҶԹ˵мҪȥĺˣȻԺҹΪ顣Ĳá
ͷԸСһΪǽѡ
ܼԼɽӣ̲סЦˡ
֪ʶȤã
ܼһڣԹԸ
Ķͷߵڵϣϥǽѩǳˮûɳ̲һһһգὫԭȫû޻㡣

Ա˱ϥ
Ա˵ġ
˲ɼ
ܼߺ󣬹վããѩϣġҡҡ
϶˫㶾ۻûԺɢȥ
ĸղž͸һֲ
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϶ܷŹ
ֻǧյǧշĵ
ȻҲŹǾһȥƽɡ
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֮ϣ
ۣ֮
ܹʱûʹϥͷ
һõСԺȥ׳˵Ĳˣ˷ܡ
ˡ㣬̫ˡҡҾûκΰ취ֻܱ
Ц˵ڿ˶ûк³ġ׳ǰѹͰˢˣɡ
׳æˢˢ㶼ûӦˣջ𣬺ɹͰͺˡʱҲٵġ
ҲûǿԼ
׳ŸɴȥջĹ̲ס˹գ֪Ϊʲôָоùˣйʡ
ùⱲӲܾʹط
ļܳģܷɺܸߡԶĵط
׳ָо˵
һѻյģЩͰ
׳ɿˢţ
濾ͰһʼЩ裬ͺˡ֮󣬾һĶáܼҸղŸ˵Ļ
˵˵Ļ϶ǱŴĶЩģ﷨Ӵ󶼱Ƚ϶࣬¡ˣٲĺô
үǰи檺


17 
ܼҵܼûж꣬ǰҲǸС¡ڲӺλö޵ġҪһССĹΪܼңǿǧѡ
һһҪҲǧѡֻܵССĲ࣬ͷŵˡ
ܼڻһµʱ򣬸ǱߴĴ廨ǧƺйЩ㺡κǧƺ廨ļ˾ǧƺ쳤ʵò˼̫̫ǾģʶĲɢǧƺܼҵԵ
ܼҲԼİĹ޸̫̫شĲǮҪǧƺĸĸ޸Լ
ǧƺĸĸǺģҲܼشճǵ·ǧƺͽһ߹ٵĸۡС檡
ܼʱضתߵ塣ԼĸĸվҪúûšѶǧƺǷݸԶĵס
û룬ûգǧƺ˲˲үС檡
ԭǸ߹һ˵ϲԵĲүڸۡˣͷĹǧƺʱ򣬶үһǧƺ۾תˡ
ͷС檵̫ƽ
С檲ֹŮӣҲࡣ
λߣɼ
ǧƺζãү˸ۡ˸֡˸СԺ
͵ʱǹµܼʱ򣬱Ѿ˷ˡ
ŪˣҲûзӡ
ܳǧƺ͵ʱ»ﻥºܼܿҡãӭȢһССĹϱʵ
ȻĲƯТ˳ɷûһԶŮӵҲƽ˳ƽҸ
ֻܼӹúˣǧƺȴΪûʸСôֺòүѾˡС檣ûкӣӿ֪ж
ܼҰչһҲվǱˮн
ǧƺû顢ʶ֣үò绨һˮܽòǧƺãһ˫ʣүҪʲôñӣ

ҷֻģڶϣҪˣп˵ƺ죬¡
ǧƺ쿴Ŵ̫񼸰ûһǳֱ˵үⶼҪˣ㻹úú죿
񣺲үǲԿë

ȢС檣ԼģԼܵġ
Ͳˡ
ǧƺܵ䡣
ۡ˿²˵ǽһˡ
ǧƺķ˴ȵӻӱ趹Сж
ܼǽһۡ
˽͵͵ļǧƺһ棬˵Ҫֺòүܺ˵
ǧƺȴãͷðˣҪॸ˵˵ӻ
ܼңҲܾ
ڿʱ򣬱˼
˵
˵ĺܣ
Ҫйǧƺ˵ǧƺڻòҪܸүһŮҲ
ǹͽ
Ϊܽǧƺλ˵üְˡ
һߵҹ㡢һ߻ҪȥסŵġǱߵĴԺѩͷѩڻˣɨҳɨҶ
ֻеȵ¸裬Ӻù˲ֵܹ΢ùһЩ
ź飬ڿŹͰ
κʱκ飬벻ȫֵֵá
¹̳£ˣ˵ÿԲٵҹ㣬ãҲ໹ǵҹ㡣ԣȻҪȥˣ
üͷϣһѧŲ̵̫尾


18 
ƽĹŴֶʮˣѾΪŮˡȻʮеģҲˡ
ڹĿУʮ껹绪õ͡õӦǲѵģԷܺÿĻ
ڶ׳һڶԺеĹͰˣȻµĹͰصԺܼҾ͹ˡ
ȥɨԺ
׳ܼңٿԹ˵ȥɡȥɣûһҲæġ֪㲻ˣкó·ġ
һȭתˡ
׳Ȼȱû顢ʶ֡ɵĻǵҹĻƶǹ׳˿ɽ
ѱǵԼͷˣЯһߵˡ
ܼҵķԸԺ
ԺСסĵطѾߡʹɨǻ԰֡Ҳֹһɨ⻨԰ֲźЩڲѩɨ
ĵطȽƫƧ
ûһɫ޶Ů߻һѾߡ
һԷͱһ¡
ס
òǲݰˣҲӦҪܳ輸ġ
¹ˮܽأȻȥΡ
Էɨһۣվ÷£ָѾ߽÷ϵѩŪ
ѩ裬ǹ˳һ¡Ҳġ
ʱΧûˣ㿪ѯʣүס˵ЩʲôЩʲôʲôϲãϲһ㣿Ϊʲô˲үϲ
￴˿Ȼϸϸ,Թӵó赽ʧľ
ϣܹӣǰµõүϲһˮƽܹߣҲܹһЩ
ûа飬ǵȻҪרע
ǳ⡣
ңһôҵ˵Ŀʵܵͣ㰮ˣİ⾿ռ˭֪ˣ¸ǳԺʳסȵȵȳɷڡ
οǧλܼһһݿ̹ĵİˡ
ܼ˵ЩҪ顢Ӿ塣
˵һʼԼòүǳϲһҪˮΡ
үʸ΢ȥһ֮߰աʮչһΡ
ٺүദʱΪү˵Ļ֪Լ˵ʲô˵ˣ²үܻ
ǣүʱˣ̰ζһһΡ
һΣүЦŸ˵һλүүᰮ鷨պõһٱǰ鷨˭˭˭֣ǳ˲á
һ䣺ү䡢ǲ˰ү˺𣿡
üһ
үֱ֮˦˺һƣŭ뿪ˡҲû

ܼ裬ҲĲסҲǶ˺ﳤúÿ
˵Լó赽ʧ֮󣬱˵ϲã˵ϲ鰡ʫʰʲôģÿ껹Ҫڸ￪δᡣ
ϲĻǸָˣϲȥ¥Ļ¥ĻкЩá
鸮
ﰵ˸ۣӹšĺɫ
˺һԹ˵үһ£˵ǧ˵ȥҪ˵ȥúöġ
˵֤ؿƿ
ҲǻóȥԹүУҪҩʱмοˡûˣԹָ۵ϵʿԽԽûЧˡ
ʱ۾΢΢ɴ
ǱߵѾѾѩɼĲˣӯӯʱ˼һԺģҶȻ¸衣ҪԵЩʱա
￴ŹгӣʱͷѾߴŰ״ͣԺ÷ѩռˣǻȥɣ
һ΢ɲĵͷѾߴᶿȥ
źˣĵôӳ顣ʵҲѡ


19 
òҪ׼һʱǺ׵顣
ڸһЩ̱ԪЧֿҩҪһЩʱա
飬ΪļԲȶ
˽˺ߵ֮󣬻ص׳סһԺǸ濾Ͱ׳ϴˢ
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21 
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22 
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24 
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25 
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26 
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27 
ŹùԼİΣǺģǶԹ˵˹ܼȥ
һТʮĺӣȻ˵ū󣬵ǹﵽŲѪҳТ㩣ʵʵĺá

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28 
ߵͷ֮վȥˡ
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̲ס⡢⻹˼̸
һ˫ûⱾ۾
ѾԼڿһ۷ƿ׷ֲ᡹ʾܡ
ڶ۾ͷİһе
ͬʱϵͳ
ճһ֮ݺݵʰһСܡʧܣĨɱ
ճ֮Сܿ˵Ը⡣ʧܣĨɱ
ճ֮
ѣ
ѣһϵͳˡϵͳûлǾҪˡ
Сͨؿڣָץ²ϣɬ˵ϹɲԲҪô


29 
úҤӸɻǿۻǮ
ִкܶ˵˳, ʹൽ޷οʱ
ȥúҤͲ̡ۻĥˣܹ, Ҳʮҵʱ䡣
ܻ, ҲǼˡ
ǰչ˹Ȼ޹ʣԭǷЩծ, Ҫġ
ʶ֪ͼǷծػĹһ̡
ǳ˵ˡ
˵ʱ, Ǻܵ͵, Ҳû˵Ҳˣ϶ȴֱѪ, ۾ɵô, еĿζͷ, ֱֱŹıӰ
⣬żʱ, ŵС˵ͷл
ߵԺʱ, ҹɫѾȼ˵ơ
ûٳŶԺСԺȥһƽٵ·˹ܼҵСԺȥˡ
ЩܼΪڲ, ԷһСԺӣż˹
Ĺָܼ
˹ܼһ
һ
ܹܼһ
˹ܼź򶨱ʱ򣬶Ƕ, İ鵱ͯ, 涨˶, ͳ˹ܼҡҪ飬С飬Ҳġ
ǶżѵѾߣżѵĹ裬ټԺ๫ܹܼңŶżѹԺ
ߵ˹ܼҵԺǰţ˹ˡǹ˹ܼҵĶӣԷ˸˸˵С˹ܼңͷµͨһ
˹ܼҵĶӹСǸ¡
˹ܼŸͷһЩˡ¡⡢ϵ
Сڳʱ򣬹˹ܼ϶һ˵飬˶ù˶ˮˣСԸΪѣ˵ɡ
лл¡
ҲûȰѹţֱӴȥˡ˹ܼҵھһˮƬˮƬǸϡʲôܷŴ
лضˣġ
ܶˣʱʱҪó档
ˣӹСŹˡ
֮󣬶Ź˹ܼҹĿ˸ͷСʱ߶Źˡ
˹ܼҰˮƬ˿ˣſڶԹ˵ʲô¶˵ա
˼ҵϱ˲ˮһ˫ˮźۼĴ¹²뿪ˡ
˿ڲȫˣŷ²յԹ˹ܼ˵үСĶҵĲ£СסڶԺ˷ƺЩá
һ¸һҹҪϳүʱ⣬Сͬǵ˯ߡ
ԲعܼҴСİ಼ͬȥ
˹ܼҿŹϹ˹ܼҵߣûһ顣·˿˿̽
˹ܼеNθпԺáԼѣҪ飬Сӳ϶ǸͷȴӡӺܳĹӡ
˹ܼҶʵӼң϶ң
Թ˹ܼЦŻأСĴСӼҳǶСĶԣǴңǶСҡȻӼҵġܼҴܹӦʡ
˹ܼҵͷԹС˵ȥӼҵĶơԿ׹еǼ˲ᡣ
СӦ˱תȥ˹ܼ鷿ȥˡ
ӲСţ󱻷ȥ֮󣬶ơԿ׶˻Ҫ·½еǼǡ
˹ܼҽ˹СùĶ˷ˣϸëպī֮ڵǼ˲д
¶գ಼ͬʮ˺ŷס
Ƹڲְڼ䣬಼ͬʮ˺ŷӡ
಼ͬʮ˺ŷһöԿһöʧԲ

˹ܼд֮дԼ֡
Ȼʶİһݱʸ
룬̹Ȼ˱ʹҲûպīīдԼ֡
˹ܼҿ֣̲ס㵡
ѵã
ѵã
ԡԣѧ顢д֡
ūҲܳ⸱ӣǲ˸п꣡
ѵ˵ǲĹ
ΣҲŲүѪԲŻ㣿
ϧ񲻺ãעɲ˶ߵġ
˹˹ܼҵݹĶơԿס
д
Ϻд಼ͬʮˣ
ԿײаƳ
״ҲǺͺԿ׺ܲһ
ѶԿ׷ź֮л˹˹ܼңԼ׼С̳ζػԹ˹ܼҵСԼҩ裬ϥҹҹ࣬ӿҲ̱Ԫһֻһš
߶Ź˹ܼˣȫл񡣹ܼõĺáˣʹСһˡ
˹ܼûȻҽ
һʱиǴ㵡
ƿҩԹ˵֪ˣɫˣҪʰ˰ɣմ磬үҪϳǰȺ򡣡
ֵϸүݲɳӡ
л˹˹ܼҲŸ˴ǡ
ȹˣ˹ܼҰҩ̳򿪣һһδСƵģڰɫ뿪ҩ˱ǣԼһš
˹ܼҲŲˮһҩ
Сż˵ҩûоˣҲ֪Щʲôҩġ
˹ܼҿŹС˵ΪһҹôΪԺɨС˵ģ
С
˹ܼҸĪЦЦ
ʱְܼʱһձһɫÿйҲָܵÿĽŮңҲܻ
ҩ֪϶ǡ¸ܼңûٵҹ㡣
ɨСܼ࣬彡潡ʣʲôõĵģ
˹ܼҵݸСһ̳˵㡣ϱѾˣҲЩҪرϱӣ֪û
С̲סƤЦ˵ǵȢһң
˹ܼЦſŹСȻ˵ͷ
С

֪˹ܼܼҵPYףصԺ֮󣬸˵಼ְͬס¶
˷׷׹ϲ
ֻɫºͺ͵ĸ˵ллȻѾʰõİˡûʲô
ԭæֶû֡
űӣŰҹɫûʲô˾С·ȥ಼ͬˣţվΧǽ߸ߵԺƬӣӭ磬繵۾һȻЦŴ̤ԵķŽȥ


30 
ӼҵĶû, ֻԿ׺Ͷưˣӵױ̨·ޱޱ֡С
ֻ˻ҳ
Ժ˾ˮȻ󽫷ʰһ, ̺˴
Ȼȥƫ, һá
һ䷿ǲ񷿣󷹳ջĵطֻڲﵱһͿɳԣԸҪԼ
ǲϹ߷, ŻԼ
һֱڲ񷿴˰ӵ˯
˿˲񷿵šļ˵, һּ³صĸ
пյʱٰø΢һ¡
һ绹Ҫȥݳ, ҲζҪӦ΢ϴϴ˯ˡ
Ĵϣ, һ˯˸Ƚľ
峿, 컹, ȥǣǱһȦ, Ȼͣһƥǰ, ƥ⣬˸ǣô
ЦЦӻͳΡȫȻлܼҵġ
Ťȥͷת˻, ᣬͷһ;ͽͳˡ
ȥⷿʳ, ݴϸϵʳ
ιһ, Ŵդ, ǣ˳
߱߶˵ǵһϸڣ˵Ժˣ϶Ͳ˯ˡ
ڹͷϡ
̲סЦЦ
׳ʱ򣬻˹һʱ䣬û׹ֻ¶򵥣Ҳͻˡ
Żеʱ䣬ӣŷڳͰӡĨˮɨһ顣
ġʻλ
ݣ
Ӧ̤ŽýĲ˸ۡ
ͣڶſڵʱ򣬹صĿ˶鹡ʮɣҵʯլţһһȭͷͭԵʮ
Ҳ
Ҳ
Ŵ򿪣ųӴų̨ףߵߡ
ͷݵʣһߺš
һŵһɷǳŵζŷĳ߹˸۵Сӡ
ǰˣڳʣװʲôζͦš
صүսˣūװһЩޡɺͽԵĹЧ󣬿ܹá
ˣû˵
е
ǰɴûôࡣ
Ӷһ֣Ȼֱߣȥʹ˻ʹһӣרͣ
ڻʹִǾ¥ʳ
ȵϳȥˣͺͻСһȥϵС̯Եġ
ǹ
λãҾǹԺǶչˡ
㵹СղżݳǼݵĺȣٶҲԡ
ǼЦˣǸ֣ʲôĲܵĵطһҪָ

κʹһ£˴ҽӡǮһ룬Ǯһ롣
µɨСˣ׬200Ǯĸ˳Խӡĸ˳棬Լһ˸󼦵һ37Ǯ
ȳˣҾ͵ߺҵС˵
ǲϤʱû̫еĴȥǮһˮ󼦵˿ǣιԡ
Ȼͳһˢӣˢˢë
ֱǡ
ˢһ飬ͷǮЩҩϳʭӡ
Ҳ֪ûǹ
ǹιܴϸõʳҵľûǸģֻιһЩ
ҹԼˡ
ЩСѾӡƾˡ
̫Ҳúܸˡ
Сǩ
ʱһһȥſڵĴŻ򿪣ڹԱ³֮󣬳ʱָ˾Ȼ״̬·ԴԼҵĴȥϳ֮ǾͰֵַվߵȺ³
ҲǩСյ˻
Щϴλǰһ˶ˣǣȥСˡҲ
վڹſڣûһͬŸǣȥϴ
ǱüԱ
˴ˣҪɽй¶ΪѾûˣǰֹȥôӣǰʡǱ߶ĺ֣Ҳȥӡ뽨ɽйˡ
˴ˣƹˣ㣬Ҳܲ˴塣ɽйܻ뽨͸ͣӣ

˵Ҫɽйҵ¹ٵֻΪϷˡûǻ鰡Ϊʲôûˣܲھ֡ȥôˣûӰɣ
ϲguoҹֻͣ޽һйˣôй˿˼ɻϵ尡
λĴǣȥ뷨Ӱ޽йǮɣʱҪˣټӣ첻ɲ£ɲһ˵Ρ
˵꣬иʮҵĴˣ뷢ţϵ˰壬ֱӾͳѣΪ˳鳼ֻ֪Ż֣˿˼Ӳ㣬--
ŭ֮
˰ʱҪҵöͷѪ
ʱҪ㣬ԱΧסˡЩԱӿֲ´󣬻Ѷȥ·ס
ۼŶͷҪһ£ͻȻһϡλ󳼶ʱһ㶣æſڿȥžһ䴫ˣ
λ󳼣
֪䣬ѾŶ˰ΧȦ
æѶС˻ʱ͸סЩˡ
ҪƽգС˻¾ȭ߸ˡ
ЩǴ˰ٵģû˸֣ЩԱƵˣԵ
Ҫ򱬶ԴĴţ٣
ŲӣҲŭǶԷǻ飬ŮǻʹԷ
ż졢ߣ
ۼС˻챻Щ˲ڽˣϲϱץѿ·ˡҲݲȥ
ʱڵλˡλˣλҼҴͬΪ١ΪŽɽ𢣬ҼҴΪ尲˼䲢ìܡɽй벻ޣǻһ֮䣬޲ޡޡӳޣҪλȨˡĪŹҼҴˣϾܲй𣿡
û֪λڹſھʹֻҪġλǹ¡壬Ψ˼ΣλԹʿλˣҪ壬Ҳĵġ
λ˻ԺΪԺΪ󣬷ġ
λ󳼣
š
ȿȿȡ
ڹſڴĲÿˣֻ»ʵҪ쭣١ٺˣģ
˵
˵Ҳ
Ǿ糯١
һ
ڴñȻ۾Ʈװ·
ڰ˳ȥ
Ҳȥð칫ˣֱӻصĶ
ͣ˳ݵʣСҪûǾֵ߲Ĺݵʡ
˿ںġ
üëĵĿŶæ˵ţүøϽҩ
Ҳ۵ƥǹˣ
ͷȥ̨ˣͻȻתüҪӺԺϻȥĹôߣ
һ㶡
æ˸ղҪ³Сɿ˳˼ǮС˭ûƼ
鷳Ҹһˡ
͸ȥ
ĲӱץѪסӵӶѪ˸æȥżˡ
Ҳæ˸﹩й
þƲŲӣȻҩٰ࣬żѾͻ𼱻ǵĹˡ
ү
һֱöһ顣
üͷֵʲô
żæŶĲӣ۾˵үôŪİô͡ôˣ
˵žͷ˻𣬡ͷС˻ôүģȻүˣ
Դ˵ģȵ졣ʲôʲôⲻû𣿡


31 
żѶʱ졣
ĵĿŶ, ˵ү⵽׷ʲô飿
ż˵糯Ҫ޴ɽйǻ˵ûǮ, ɽйҪ޽Ļ, үҿ϶Ǹˣ龹ȻŻΧŹңֱдֱд, ҪҪһˣ
żһǹٹŹʱҲûٷŭ˲
ԶǿǺãүͷΪѣ, , ʱޣģɽйʱ޽, үҪԻͷġ
һ۾̲ס
żӲ, Ҳ˵ûʲô, 㿴˾ͻȥɣʲô鶼˵һ¡
ڸˡ
żҲڶͷϵʱź
վ˵үôص, ֻѾ̫̫ȥ, ȥ̫̫һˣý̫̫̫ү
ͷڰ֡
żȥȴ˶﹧˳վŵСЩ, ϸһ͵ش㵡
Ȼǹ
żѵʱʧ̬ˣԶүôôǰź򣿡
, Ĺ˵, ͷ, زҶӡ
ͷۣͷˣżѵʲôʲô㵹˵˵ֵϹӹһ٣Ǵ󸣴ҪҪȺ˺ˡ
ż죬ȻүͬΪ٣θң
ָָԼĲӣβңڣҪʮŹˣǶ෣ٺ٣϶ȫ˸ҳ
żӶĿ˹һۣٶ˵ʲôûҪ̫̫ۡǶ󣬸ûô
żѸ˸ӣתȥٰá
۾ŶԹ˵ɣˡ
վվš
ͲҲץ˵Ĺ˵ܻ˵
ʱ죬Щ㵵ĿŶƺȫ֪ΪʲôͻȻ˵ôһ仰
ʱڵϣʵʵĸͷ̧ͷŶ˵
үūɨѧõʱżʥʥѵżҲϤĽ̵Ǵѧʣһ䣺ӴԳϡūֻʲô˵ʲôˡ
ūȻ΢Աүʽū˵ҲūżƽϣūŶĽԡЩ˼ūһСˣԸūŹūŸ˳
үҪǿūŻ˵ū治ϡ

ⲻǿ䣬ù˵
Щ;
֡
ſŹ۾̲סð˹Ҫ빬ڻߣԼǡ
ܿԼ뷨
Լ֣ȻԼֺܶ࣬ҲûбҪԼȥʹ̫ࡣ
˵ˣڻʹﵱ̫࣬һĶﻨӱ˭ֻ࣬ǻ˵ѣҪӲʹȥ˻ʹҲûʲôô
֪һʱҪ͵ʹﵱ̫ࡣ
ֻͻȻöЩϷë
ûüʲôʱ򶨱ڶ˵¶ҼһԺߣú£Ȼǰ;
˸ͷ˵ūΪүЧͣūŵĸվ
Ĳˡ
ܾ˵̹ҲûģǾ̹
΢΢ԼĲϵıüͷŻЩ۵ģһŶԹ˵Ҫ޴ɽйǻſڱտھûӡǻϵˣûӡûӡûӡûӡûӡоûӡܹκ¶һ仰ûӡ
ֱϽ꣬ɻʼҹάϵʩż޸š·ǵͷ
ɽйޣŹĲ£뱲ӣͷ򺡹ˣһûСһǬĹš֪
˵⻰۾΢бŹķӦ
˳ǫȴͨͨףڲû͡
ȷԼͣҪԼˡ
һ˳˵ү˼ūˡ
ףײˡ
ŹĲ´뱲ӣûôõǮᡣ
ò׻ϡһҪ޴ɽйôǮḶ́ĭ
ЩĹԱſûǮտûǮټЩԱֻҪݳޣǾҪȰǴɽйܲ޵ĳɻ˵
ֻкͶһϵˣŻͶһΪʵĻӣʹɽй޽顣
ͷţ֪ĻᡣǻҪȥϸ˼һźø˵ȫ֮ߡ
Զ˵ūȥ⼸³̣սүү棬ҲūΪүˡ
΢΢ͷȥˡ
ŹıӰһȥ
ӣʲ
գΣ˼벻á
£˸ۡĻŻԼĸ¡
Ͼһʮ꣬ٻ˵֣ҲʮĶѡ

Ժǰ˼ĶºҶ۱̣Ȼɻðʱ򣬵һƬ±Ҳʮۡ
վںɻرߵ˴ӭźɷ磬һ顣
ʱһƬһӳĵطֹסüë
Ժ
ڡԺסһλĹӣһλ¡
˵Ϊԭ򣬳֮ǰڻʹ
ļ˾˺ͻʼҷµλµѡ˶Ϊ֮ء
΢ĺ棬һӵһп϶ֹ顣
ʼҵ˽ȥ֪̽ĺè
λݺأԼԶԶ΢ƵƤԼе
ԶԶһԺš


32 
żǺε, ΪһֶԼһ٣żϹ£˵ȥٰø̫̫ƽŶ, ˶Ժӡ߶·, ֱԸӣ˵
ȥҸͷ, û־˱ңүǰЩ, ֪ʲô⾰
һ, ʱӣ˸񣬰Ը¡
Ӻݻһɶׯżڳ֮, Ӱӡ, Ͼǲ⡣
Ƿ֪ԼһԿɱˣ
֪
ֻ˶Բ, ǲеġ
ȨϣȥԼǰ˵ʱ, Ǹ˵ϲŭֲҪ, ҪԼ˵뷨Ρ
ϲèèƵš
񣬱ϷɳƵ
ż뿪Ժٰ֮ȥ, нԶԸѾ۷
ܽޡرߵĺʯǰ˹ü΢΢£Ȼͷժһ֧ҡ, ·ߵĲݴ
ȸײҡʮֻ, 鴮Ϊ, ɫʯΪۣ
żǡ
ӱʾӵĹ
ӳ廹ڴĹҶ֧ҡܵ·ˣ񲻺ãҡ
ʱһ⡣
˲ҡѾ߻Ҿͺˡ
ԻҲûѾߣԼҡ
һ˵²òͷһʱƽ˾ٴա
ŲǰȥСİҡ
һǿ̰ģ
ʵмʮϰַӴӣҲҡ
ȻҪҲҡֻҷӷˡ
˽ΡΡΣܶ´Σ㲻ġλҪһˣǲҪ̫ס
̵ţӵȵĲͷֱ˵Ƕˣʰɡ
˳ָȥ߼˲䣬̲ס˱۾һ
ߵߣ΢Цڣ裬Ĳ
δ䣻
ž
һ
ոֺüָͷӡӡ
ɫ䣺¼ԼЩֵǮԸʶ˵ϰԱƷ񣬽ղ㣬ʧְţʱ㲻ԡ
ʱСʱͻպô͡
ӿŵüĿĹ䣬Ŵ
ԩȻţҲƱ硣
ֻ˲ҡ
Ӿֱ˲ҡĮ˱Ҫ֪ԼݣҪִ֪硣ϣΪ֮
ǡ
˿·߹
ӸۣȻ뿪
ճȭͷֹסĲ


Ǹ˵ĵط
ϥžۣ飬žͿʼʹʹȴòţùֱ̬
ʱһһĹȥɫĺߵϼѾɫһ¹˳졣
ҹЩķ紵ڹϣӹǲУֻù˺⡣
ڼˣûһҽ˵ġ
˹ܼҴ߹ȥ£ٻضѵԺӣҲûиἰ顣
Ϊʲô
š
ҪΪŲɵȥﲮĸ
ȫᷢɫҰף촽ЩϡȻаʱܰǰһмˡ
£ŵŵպ԰ĵƻûüȫϡ
ҷҲ󿴵ü·߹ˣµġŰţ˵ֺԪˣҲˤġ
ɬЩ۵Ǵѩ֮ͻȻ֮ƴһ֪ѷѿ
ʶתȥ
ĵ񡢺֯ɶе۸ˣ۾ȴϵһƮƮɫɴ
ʮ깫ӣﻹһװĺɰ
ĴӺɻǱߵʯ·ˡԽˡ
룺ӦþԺλ¡
ڡļǸɻҵĹǶѡȥδ̤Ϸ
Ƽ
Ψһλ£Ϊ岻ãûм
岻ã۾á
ôˣͻȻС½Ųͣ΢΢ǰ㣬ָһָŵĵضߵˣǿʯͷǹ˸ˣ
Сߵʹӡ̫Ԫæ˵£Ǹū͡
Ǹѽֲˣһܲпôʯͷͷ·ϡ춼ȫˣʲôγʵּ߹ˡ
۾÷磬ֻģӰӡֻãۼˣϰߣʶ·ʮѡ
ߵѾߡūŶҴۣˤˡ
ʱԪС£˵ԼĪ¶췣
γŶһ΢΢üͷ
ˣӹǰ
γʹӳڣ
尾򷣣
ʱ򣬾ڹͷ˹ȥʱһֻ֬ϸɵְĺɰ˹
㵵̧ͷγѾ˽ŲٰǱȥˡ
ıӰ̫壬Ͼڶš
ԶͷȥųĺɰֻСӡ
Сӡ֡
۾õĺ춹ɳǶ
ʽġѩ
Ͷͷۻ֫ӹ๾ĽС
µĵģôﾹȻЩ᲻óԵͷ
뷨ܶݣ̡ܲһҧ˿ɰͷ
Сճܺóԣһĺóԡ
͸ѩŴƤ֥黨ۺʰ飬һҧȥŴ֪ʲôЩʮȥ塣˻ٳԡ
ȭͷСճԵĸɸɾ档
ȻװСճĺɰСĵ˻
ǸС£á
롣
ջĵһ⡣


33 
ҹĻ, ʱˣû϶Ǳ亹ȫĲ
˫ֵ˱ʯ·, ϥ۵ҧء
˺һŷת˵, ȥϥǣɸոһ£۵С
ǲ࿪Ѫ, û·ܲһϴﴵɹ
ҧüϥǣ˻һĴӵ𡣲һȳһյĻ಼ͬ
ȥ֮ûɵ, ȥһˮ, ˮһЩҶ͸ǲ󿪺һЩʼݽš
ˮλϥλãĿ
ݺ֮, ϥǡ
ûп컨͵Ĳ, Ҳû͵Ĳϡ
ֻ˶Ρ
ϥǵʹ֮, Ĳľòϥϡ
дθ, ֶʱȻȱ, ǰڽͨ⣬۸񲢲͡ôθȷһȽݳ޵飬Ŀǰûݳ޵ʸ, οҲûдΡ
ȽŻصңֽͶѾֲëʣĥīˮʼд
۴ɽй޽ɴľ÷չ
۴ɽй޽ԤЧ
۴ɽй޽Եصá
Դɽй޽ɺӦɡ

ð׻д֮, Ĳ͵ƶѾȼ˺Щ, Ҫˡ
ŶЩ͡
֪Խǰļյ18ȡ
Ժ˭ٸ˵ܵ, ⲻĸɴ䡣
͵ƣǰҹɫѾǷ졣
˯
Ͼ项ֱӾô
ֽ̺ҧҧͷд£
֮ˣԵ£ʢ֮׿¡֮־޴ɽйʵӢǧ
ȵд֮󣬹ͷ˯
˯֮ǰظԼʾһҪ𴲡
Ȼŵһ죬ڶΪ˯ʧְûϹȥҪŷŽ𣬷ҪūͣҲͲԶˡ
ִӣס
ŴӣСס
ŶԼϲűһŭתͷԼһСʱʽ΢֮ʱǻˮݿඡ
û˯һһ˯Ĳã˯֮йƸӰһ㣬ʱֻ̫ѨͣĿڷ̡ﻹڿ˯ѾҪƾ־𴲡
ϵĶȥιǣٵͣ
Ӹϵſڲãѱ㴩ˡֻͷеۣԵò̫ˡ
źūһ״ʱҳԽź
Ź۾䡣ôãѵЩĻ뿪Ժӵʱ򣬻ûȥ
ؾŴɽй޽۵
ӣû۳ʲô÷û۳ͺã۳ˣԼİ취Ҳûʲô̫ô
ѱѩ̿
һ·ſȥꤣ峿ķ紵ڹϣһֻǹ۵׻û˯õѪ˿
üģû˯ãȺĻ˵һ˵һ䣬ûһ˵ϸķӡ컹֪ЩڲĹԱֻ˵ʲôɽй޽
֮ϣ˵һǧһ˵֡
ûǮ

ʵ۲ݳҷѣ
룺ʵλȨصˣ˿ںүûĸʵǧꡣŵʱܣĪȥܵظܣ
˵ʵҪǲ޴ɽйȥˮһŲ·޲ͻʼ
ǶЩС̣СˮٵĿ
ֻп´ɽйĴ󹤳̣ܳԵ͡
ôӸһ飬ǱһĻ
ƣ
ʻ·̹룬洫Ϻ̿¯ˣϽؼȥɣˡ
һƣȴǿһ۾̫õϺձ̯ӣ˲żææĶȥһСľͿĵ̨ϣմ¯Ӳײһ¾ѿˡ
˴õʮǮȥϺǮڵϿͷллүллү
Ҳû뵽ײ˹үûһٷ⳥
šүЩãüëûҪֹϳӵ顣
ʱͻȻӦ£˵峿㷨š
ôĻŶû
벻Уһʱ֪ˡ
ԼĿĶڿǷΪãжá
ôԼĶӡ
ҪҲܰԼ

һæӦˣүԸ
ȥ뷨ӣ˼ʲôӣ
ԹѹصªЩ취ԭŵ˹ٽүүڳϿ֣۾ܡүҪھͿ
û뵽ĸ˼ӡȻûб̫ϣǻ뿴
šӦһ
ʱӻϳȻ󽻸һ泵СˡС˴ڴǵֽȥ
Ѵ˵ݣ˿ʼʮĿ
Բת֮
̲סԼĺ룬ĵҵѪūҲľ֮ʡ
ȿݵʱ򣬹ԭŵüͷԽԽݣԽԽſţϾ̲סǡټȥѾϲһźһ߽ʮֽݿһһ顣
ãúúã
ðǺã
һ޽ɽйڱףЩԱλֹ¡
˹ſڣĿһɫ̴װĹϣļʲôҲû˵Żֽ䣬лĽ˹š
ŹѵıӰΡ¥㳡¥̽ǣһһ̨׷·ܵ졣
롪
ԼȨţӦòԶˡ


34 

, û룬Щһɶɲõķ, Լ
ձ֮, һڡ
ǹŸƥȡ֡ϾȫɫƤë͹⻬ַǳ
պһţСǩСֻ, Ϊ޳
ϾҲ˶Ǯֽƨƨ
С˵޳ҪŪô⻬Ҹ˵, Ҫ߲Źεĸɾ
λС˷ǳеĸľ顣

ͬΪСЩôԼ
ΪʲôԼƨɵĻֽ
ЦԼûлֽѻֽд, ϲûֽˡ
ĬһЦ˵ллС磬ͷʱߡ
ûҪȥԼǩ֪֪ܶԼ֪ͺ, 첻ʧ, һʧԾͲ֪ʲôʱԼǻ
, 쿴ûлȥֽƨƨ
ʱһһȥ̫һС롣
ڰ˰ͷ, ˸, ʱӦڣһƬ˻
糯֮󣬹ſǰһ, Ȼɫ糣֮еϲɫȴѱȸԾ
糯ǰ鷿ĵֽϵܳһ鵽ϡ
糯, Ϻʹһص, ʼġɽй޽ʱ, ѳû۵ݱϣϿ֮ϲʤ
ԭԴɽй޽һҡڲΪѵͷʱͼᶨ
֮ϾһҵĿ֮һϵͬЩ޽ĳùԱĲִʥڶᡪ
ޣ
ɽйһҪޣ
ѿ˷ѣ鷳鷳
޲У
ϰگּ涨ͳ︺޽һӦˡ
֮߳һ̾Ҫȥﴦ
Ҫʼɽй޽飬Ժæˡ
ɽĿ⡢ѡַʩͼѡϡϡйǮһϵ飬ÿһá
ǣѸͬŴкŹѵ֣æ°ڣϤĶϸ
󣬴ӵС˸Ҫĺձȴ΢΢̧ʾͣ
ЦĿŹʵȻ˵дͲλˣȱƽáȥʰʰվȥֵ
дϲȴֳֻ֡ݵġǫѷĶԹ˵ֻҪΪүЧ͡ǣСĴĸλ϶ʤϲүЯ֮СĪүյʹСĴ̣Ҳؽ֮֮ģΪүЧȮ֮͡
ŹĻ̲סЦүΨţвţû㡣
ЩūҲܹڣҲͲ̫Լ֣ܰԼ±ѣǵò뵽ЩͷǵӲҲ΢΢ˡ
ʱл˹ʶСŷձӡݳȥ
ڹߵĸСˡĸһϴ֮ɫ⡢Ÿһ쳵ʹһһ
ĵǿǾƷԱԤۡ
ʹͷ鷿ĵƷְλ
ǴһūŶ̶һְ֮С
СС²ƷҲһ嶷׵Ĺˡ
Ҳ㵶С
ʱﲻԼͬ뵽вѪˣѰС˾ٺãҲǸūţ¡ܼңǰЩ棬ѾǶˡ
˵γСγСҲΪֻҪڲдǲĹӡ
ֻū󣬿һûūûǩ
ԣūǩСˣ͹һ˲үϲҲС
ƽȵʻʯ·˹ſڣ³Ű칫Сĸ˹ѽ˹ţСźѲˮʳģĸҪ칫վڡ
ҪŹõΧǽԺרŷƥĵط
˹ǮǸС˵Цһϳû˯ðɣ۵׶Ѫ˿ȥͰɣùսǴĲˮгȥϢϢȲүҪֵˣҹ㡣
ͷɶԷȥȴ˼鷳磿
ŶӴ𵣲𣬺СУ磬㾡ܺúϢţүֵһ׼͹¡
硹΢΢̡
Ǿ鷳ˡ
鷳鷳СֺõЦȥˡ
ʣµǸСҲһЦĿŹ·˲ˮӴ˴شſձ۾ԷæӸɨɨϵĻҳ
磬ȲȲˮԲԵġڵѯʡ
˸ǷЦŵˣһϢϢ̫ԽԽˡ
ȥͣС˽аףڵС˽гСǹѵСˣҪǹڸʲô顣
ϲؼҳԷͿð׻߳Сض͸š
˯£ղǿľѾήˣǷ30׼ĳ˯˹ȥ
ˮ･ӵҲûӰ쵽˯ߣʵ̫ˡ
׹ͳСϵʱ˶˿Ȼһۡ
С˵˵᲻ʱٶӣ
ССأпܡ
ʱ˿̹޽Щ鷢Ĵ÷
̫ĴӶߵߣˮͷҫβΧǽб麻ڱӯӯĻƮһƬ˹ͦıǼϣܵЩĽë˶۾
õʱҲൽˡ
˯һ˹ѣſڵʱ򣬲ͻȻԼֽˡ
ң֪ȥֽ
ɵЩ΢΢ͷۡ
ⲻʲô£Źݵķŵȥմѳ͵ͣȥͻǣѻûߣһֱ۲Ź
æ߹˳ʣүʲôԸ
ѿŹ˵ҪȥֵС˴磬ȥҹȫĲ£㲼Щͷ
˵⻰ȴĹԴ
ǳС
Ǹ׶Զӡ
ۿͨ죬ʣĽĿŹѣȻعѿͷ
ࡢлү
΢΢ЦЦȥæա
˳վѹƵĿһۣתŶŵ̨ȥϴȰı֮󣬾͵Ŀˡ
վԭأȹ˼̨ˣȥΧǽԺͷȥҲ۵Ҳãķ̺ͼڽ

ȫǹ˹ܼң䵱ӹѵԺӳصԼСԺһ·ϣ
ջµūţ
ιµūţ
Ƽ̦Ժļū
Ժҹļū
Ժѧɨūţ
үרϳ
õС
ǰЩʵҲ룬漸ʱ䣬ȻǨ֮졣
ǽľ


35 

ص಼ͬ, 䵹ûҳʲô͵ĳֵĶǶһĳ°̾Ϣһ, Ҷֹѡӽ֮, ѰҶͶʯʣõľǧٻһ谬ޡ
ֶ, ʱҼһѬóǼõĶӼһֽû, ɲüõɣƤֽȴһЩ
ʮ, ϸӲˣ˹ܼԺȥ
ǰղ̳ӵζػ裬ҪͰ, ҲпԼ, ȥ˹ܼҼﴮŵĴҲ̫Щ
ȥС
ǰƷ, οǶĹܼҡ
ܲù˹ܼǰѰ
ԼϥǣͰˮ, һ, պ˰ȥ
˹ܼҵԺſڣţʱͿˡ˹ܼҵĶӹСŹ, Ц桢ǰʮ˵ҵһˣùʳ
ùùˣ͹˹ܼҾõ, Ź˹ܼҰ︨ү, ̫, õ˹ܼҡȴ˹ܼڵңǵˡ磬һЩªǴªԺЩóҲǺõģһʱˡݵС
СЦŽˣ²ۣԽԽСˣǣ
뵽ˣζͦϵСӣ
˵ʲô̫ˡ
Źż˿ˡ
˹ܼݽźȲ裬²豭۾˹Ŀȴһ¹Сŵİ
һȣ˵ϵˡ
Цտϲܹȥ沮үˡ
æһ˵л˹ܼҡ
˹ܼҶԹɡ
л֮Ѿϲ裬˾µĲ㡣
˹ܼ΢Щòò㣬ԼҲŲŲ㣬ҲͿ㡣
˹ܼҺڲ֮ŲԹ˵үʱԸңҪΪðЩͷʮͷȡ˸㡣ҪҪ
æ²豭͵ģԹ˹ܼҹЦ˵ͷ˹£԰룬ͭǮ԰룬ɻ鷳
˹ܼЦЦ޷ȻҪͭǮģÿⷿȡ˸㡣ǹõĵˣȻٴֲִС˴硣ֻǲ֪ҪЩʲôͷ
Ź˹ܼ⻰ʱϵЦƺ΢΢ա
׹˹ܼЦ΢΢һͷĺǾ桪
ҪʨӴ󿪿ڡ
֪ԼҪȥһһҪʱʱ̡̿ر֡Թ˹ܼҵðͷ»ҪллүҪͷ˹ܼҲģǲʤмȥøүֻҪүˣҲҶ󡣸ͷǴ˿ʰһļǵι·棬Ÿͷ˷ĳͼˡ
ʧ档
˷ĳͼá
Ҳִ硣
˹ܼŹ⻰Цⲻ䣬Ƥ΢΢˴ǹ˹βĭӣһڲ裬²豭ŵͷ˷ĶǴĳǸŲүȥãЩʧġҼǵÿⷿµ·жģ͹¼ĳϼףȴţͷͷһ·ʱٲ˹ףΣ
ĲҲǹ¼·ˣܲԽ˹ܼҵĲΡ
¼·Ǵε˿֯ɲ·򻹲һЩϸ飬̶ȿ϶Ϻõȫޣ˿о͸ñȡ
վֵ˾Ͷл˹ܼҡ
˹ܼңˡ
Ȼ˹ܼұ㱻ѾźŰѽŲɣЬӣŹⷿǱȥ
ͷĿܹܼⷿҹܣԿܹܼϡ˹ܼŹȥⷿ˸ȵСȥܹܼⷿһˡ
ܹܼС˵ǹ˹ܼҲû˱ˡ
ܹܼҵһȸ֦ӭϲ־ܹܼҳţ·ϡ
үʱҪӿⷿȡʲôҹⷿŵҲеġʱҲ
͹˹ܼҵһûܹܼұˣ͹˹ܼҼ֮ĿڹϣЩ졣

˹ܼҶܹܼҵܣͷϵһˣ˲үҪðЩȥŵͷ㿪ˡ
ܹܼһʱλЩŹȫ¶֪ġܴĻ֣ȻҪүȥŵˡ
ֱֱš
ܹܼɫ㵣漴æѹȥ¶Ц鷳鷳Ϲˣʵ̫ˡʲô¾ܺұǡ
˵Կ׳˿ⷿš
Ź˹ܼҺܹܼҾٲȥ
ֺⷿü䷿ⷿķŲʶһ
֪滹м䷿ţûҡ
ⷿŵǵ·ڹһһĶš
ɨ㡢ĨͰӡư衭ҲűľռطĶš
ŵĴªֽʹŵĴֲڻֽһЩһĳ⡢ëʡ
Щšӡӡ򡭡
ܶ࣬廨ţ϶ǲֵǮƷ
ҪĶⷿ˹ܼԸãԹ˵հȥ಼ͬʲôȱģõϵģӿⷿﲹɣʡûҪȥ򡣸ͷĶǰģ۸ҪһЩҲΪµķݶ
æл˹˹ܼңȱֽ
Ȼ˹ܼҿ˿ڣҲƴǣϾ಼ͬܶණȱ
īֽȻУһס
ֽ΢һЩϾһֽûˣܲò޳ξջ
׳ʮ
ҲͲ̰ģԹ˹ܼҺܹܼҵ˹ܼҡܹܼˣѾˣл
˹ܼ΢һס
ˣܹܼҶ˲ᣬǩ֣ʲô£ҡ
æлˡ
¶Էֻ˵׻
ߺܹܼϸ˲ᣬǩĴָӡлܹܼңȥ
ѿⷿϸϸϣպԿףܹܼҿŹıӰüͷ
֣ūˣѾҡһ˲үߵĵ
ʵںš
ǣʵˡ
֪ߣ
ܹܼջĿ⣬ʩʩȻصԼԺӣӻȸ֦ӭϲ־ɫʱᡣ
£ӹæˣǲүʲôҪ¶㿪˿ⷿ
ܹܼг˼Լˮһ󱭣Ŷ˵үγ˵ձҪͬүȥֵˡ
廨ʱָϣһѪðѩ׵ӡ
棿
档ղſⷿΪ˸ȡֵĳ
촽üëҲѻδ־ɫġ
衢ֱϻ࣬¡
̤ܿ߷ɣǴʱԼգ

ص಼ͬʣµİһһѹʵɰһһİڷŽ롣
һʮ˸ˡ
򿪻ӣȼһϥϵѾϺɫոӿɲ
ŰϥǣõĿһЩ


36 
Сʱ, Ӳͦġϥůģ쬵ġ
Ǹ˵ʱ
Ҳ
뿪Ͼ˵, Ҫⶨ, Ŷһһܶ뷣ͷĸ߶ȡ
ϥ, ʣµİŪϨŽ˳óǩӣĥ
һߴĥ, һֵ顣
Ȼ˶ĵ, ԺµĻͶˣһöԽԽϲϲԸϼ֡
ֻ, ܸý
տʼʱ, Сѱ, ֻҪ´󼪵뷨
ߣ뿪뷨ͱѹȥ
ӲΪ뿪, ԿԼԽ׼, λ˳
ѳ仰ǿѨ硣
Ǿá棬Դ档
е˺ʮ꣬ıһְٰ, ߡˡƷ֥ٽϰʮٺ»ʮס
е˸ӣҸְ, ġ塢ƷвԱ, ʲô, Ҳɹ۵ٺ»
Ѿ˵Ĺɵ˲Ż뿪
бȽŶõĻ
һöδǩĥ֮󣬼һöǩ룺ɽй޽ǶˮĻᣬҲԼʩչȭŵĻᡣֻڶǰ¶ԼôӶ֦ϸߡʵ֦ȥ
ҹ΢΢ЩˣǩӷŽ˳룬ȴûϰĳƻȥĿڳ׵ĺɰϣɰžµλ֦
̲סСճóԡ
˯ҹ꣬ȴһҹû쵽˯

ˣ˸ۡѾˣ̲ס΢΢üＴʹ֪ѾˣǻЩ΢Ĳ졣
˵ոսӣͲˡԼѾҪȥϳˣڴϺ˯
üëԽĽ
ˣ𣬹ʯ·
ݳݵúȣѹûûݵĲ죬Ŵ΢΢˯·һʳʱζ˱ǡʱûθڣûгԶȴ˶⣬ǵͣ
ȻкСˣʲôô㣿ȥ
ûãӱ㱻ƿˣһʱסȴûֽͣ
㵽ʱȥֵǣһҪϹ糯ô磿ųĹġ
ЦŶԹѵʡãлүġֻãίүһ·ûҪҼһӹţүЦˡ
̲סЦһʱ俴ôô˳ۡ
˵Ȼúܺãձɲˡ
泵ߣЦԣүѧѾĸˣүȥϳˣԼ˯ĵΪªүǰźЬѾźһү˵˵ƣӸֻүҡ
һʱֹЦ㡣
лү
һɹɽݸҲһ顣
æ˫ֽˣЦлү
ûеͳˣ˻
ûʲôθڡ
ңҪǹҪ˵ж˵
͹ѽ˹ţһӳ˵㶫ȥֵ
ֵʱ䰴ִʱ6㣬ЩƷġƷϵĹԱ϶7㡢8ϰࡣ糯ʲô鵢飬Ҫơ
ѵ˹֮󣬱˽ȥһˣһһ·쵽һƷԱǰ
ƷԱǹвƷĶͷ˾˫Ŀ񣬲Щл
Źϴź˵Цݣ˵˴վ͸˵ˣҪŸźıīˣزˡҽ֣˹ǹõƷ
ݹظ֣˹һͷ˵ˣСĹˣ밲ˡ
֣˹װģĸϽѹϲϼ˵ĪĪίʵˡǹ˴ذŵģαд˴񣿡
ǫѷ˵񲻿ɷϡСĳ٣Գ¹ܶԹ¹СĳէԺҪʲô飬ܷԸǡСһĽ
֣˹¶һЩζЦЦݺܿĹļ˵ĪĪõȥˣ²ֻͼ죬ҪͼȡͼáոʱҪϤϤáЩطʱһϵŲ·ӽ˲ᣬҪܳᡣȴЩ֡
֣˹ָһ˲ᣬɫĵĹֵС֪ˣл˽ҡ
֣˹ٱ˲ᣬɫ˿䣬жʱ˿ЦЦ˵ؿæȥգīֽǸһҪȥطơ
㡣
֣˹뿪䡸վڷϥǴ΢΢еҳ°ڣģߵǰһ˲ᣬⷭţĿȴ䲻ʵ
۾ŵĳ
δѹ
˵ĵطн
ţȻͱʡ

ĺࡣ
ֱϽ˹顣ǹ߳٣߳߷ĵ˭
Ʒ֣˹
ġûйƷĵҪ·ӣҪӲܽ
Ȼǹ׿ðŽġ
ⲻԼ衹ˣ͵İʸϡ
ǡ
һСľ׶˱˵ĵ⣡
ǣֻôҲԣǺã
ƹɲĽ˱һһȻʼܳ
⣬֣˹͵͵ͷŹĶͷƵģԼ˵ʲôʲôɵüЦһŷ֣Ųյ뿪
֣˹˵ܵ˴ߵΣûƷûף㲻Ҫ˴˵ģҪҵġô˲ᣬ³㣡Ҫ˴˵Ĳ»ҪҰŵĲ£ҵҪּܹ졣
³ֵ֮£ĹԱ湫񣬼ҪټĹԱСᣬһһЩûһԶµ顣
ȻڹҪ׼ɽй޽һˣԽ󲿷ʱǲ𡢰֡
Ҳû˵ϹԷϢʱ򣬹̫ʦϣһڣææµµƷ֣˹Ȼ˹ʵ֣ڣ
֣˹һ⣺˴˻ͦعˡȻôˡ
ĶԹ˵էҪ˽˽⹤ŵ񣬹ʶСҪȥ굽طĹ˲һһܳᡣˣҪСȥ
ֺһڲ裬ڰ֣˵ȻԼҪǱȥæЩ飬ίβ¡
֣˹һϵЦƺЩӦǡ
һգѵ涼ûšֵʱ򣬹ͬ룬˳磬Ŀͳ뿪Լһ˳Ŷȥ
һ˲ᣬֱۺơ˶ʹġ


37 
ǵһ, Լһʱմߡ
ֵʯ̾ͣߵһδֵͨ, иֵ̯, ĶĿ
ϴһЩӣһЩͭǮ, Ŷ˵ʳʱͷ, ٻض
Ǯĸоܺ, ʲôɬ
߽̯ӣһ̯ⷹǰվ
СҪЩʲôϺ±廨Ƥţ⡢⡢Ѽ⡣±ƬƶɡϹϷ滨װ׷ϺкŹֲڵ϶Цݵͬʱӡ
Źų, ۾𾴡
Ц˵±ţ, Ҫ滨˲֮, ̯к
һϺ൱İ, ׵ͷϴͷ, ӡ
Ϻ๫Ҹˡ
ϺصҸλСŪòٳԡ
ϰˣԹ𾴵ЦЦ, Ȼķȡһˮˣһ̳һ붹Ϲϲ׷
, Ĭԡ±Ӫ, ԼȴԲ⡣
һС, Ͼɵĵӣ̯ӵȫ
ҲϺһпӪԴ
ͬ鲢ûг̫ãΪڻضԵıϺһˣͬ˻ͬͬԼ£
һ±䣻
һ±ţ⣻
һ滨׷
һ뼦
һ˫ӣ
ǲڻԵմ룬ũԼӡ
ӿʼԷζá

ɫڿʼƣһĺһһ𣬽һƬɺ졣
żѵԺӹӹеͬż˵Ż
ٹЩʱǸϾҪٰδᣬһǲǸø࿴ɩɩ˰һ˵һ߶ԹüŪۣĴ
߳˵ʲô˵⻰ӲӺ쵽գðˡ
죺ǣû˵࿴˼ңȵǵʱʱͿȢɩɩţͽ˫ϲţ˵˵ĶԲԣ
Ѿ߾˵
żֹסЦֲ֧ĶԹѽĪҪȤ磬Ƥ㡣
յżѸ첲ߣûƤˣȻӵ
żѴȰͷȻ˵ȻܴܵȤ㲻ԣ˵Ļеġп˼ң
糺죬ʱվżһȻȻɬȴ󷽵ĵȫƾĸ
˵գӻйûϰĸ밲Ӹˡ
߹ȥˣżѺ͹һۣʱֳżָһֹĶͷ˵ѽС綼ȤĲˡ
ЦŵСУǴˡδһҪİ죬ȫͷ˼Ҷʱú࿴һҪҸͻƯġҵɩɩ
żѸˡ
һżѣվżˣӲϢ밲˵գãż
żѱĿļˣСһ취ûССӣ֮żѿӣϵĴȰѾʧĲ࣬üëӣûУ
ӹ˵ط˵ĻūѾȥˣһŷͻˡ
żѶѾЩĲ裬Щɬ΢΢һڱˣüЩ˵ǺôͣŶþʹһūСôүأպ󻹵ˣҲԵ±Թ֮ˣù֪ỳģԽүأԽлҵĶʹӡͷЩϣмǺõģȫۺҶļҵ
ߣڣ붼룡
һż˹үΪȥֵ飬żѵʱɫͱˡ
һ֣һӹ˭ܼ̤һ˭һȴүΪ˵
죬ɼȷʵ͵ġ
һƣ롣ûͱӦȴõġ
żѲ뱻Ӧ
Ҫѹѹȥ

Եİ˷ֱǮصĶߵĽţŸ̨ףŵһС˾ͻ𼱻ǵǰԹ˵ѽˣ㣬ȥݼˡԺŮʹ˼ˡ
⻰Ϻޱ仯ݵúܡ
ֻ˰ء
ϥǻûкá
żʲô
˿Լù
ŵС˴ߵļֵǷټС·
⿴ŵС˶ʱ̤ǰߣͷ˿
żѵԺӣŮʹСǰԺȥ
һżѵԺںԺʱΣڵϦҲҶ࿴ݲݿ˼ۣ㿴ԺӾ󡪡
ɽʯȪȻȤ
̨ͤ¥鿲
ľïдУ
ֿ¯ɴ̺֯ڰ޲
վɨ˼ۣżѱ߸ӡͷߵͷСĸ밲򸣡
żѾź˲ĺŲԹڵϵĹ
˿Ĺš
⸻ûʵĿһϢһ̵ž﷢ë
֪żҪʲô磬Ҫ
ģֻǿȥ
ڣһ죬յڲϡ
ż̧۾ϵĹ˵սΪ顣˵Ѵū˵үڹֵ
ӵ̧Щӣ˳Ŀżѣط˵ĻСĳү̧٣ڹ˸ƷְǵҲūšūһյòͷ֮ǲūš
żɫѵûʲô顣ֻüβĶ˶Щڣûڴƽʱѹһ
ڲ֪ж˵ĻѾˣүôǺùĻ
үأ˵Ǽ¡պҪú£Ϊүǡ
ַȥߵͷ˷ģүͷ˴СģСıΪţҲүͷһĻҲĽүͷʧ
ż˵ǸҺģСС֪ͼǺ¡ү߲ǲүӯˣҲһϵĻҲĸ֣
ͷӦţ˵ǡ
żѵڹصĹϣİӳԽ䣬Żһת˵ܸүߣ˵ĸǶү˵ȴʲô¡
Ҫ֪ԼǺεȵĻһͿԼĸ׺ֵͬܣֻɷʵأҿүõӰ죬ү㣬˼ȥֻˡ
˵վҲǶ㲻ȥġ
ʱһߵףƽȣɫܴݣ·һΪҸգ۵͡


38 
ͷΪС, СĸмʾһСϵĻСǺ¡
Ǳʲôקһ, Щ
żѡżѣ
Ǻһˡ
֪Լ𼸻ڣ
żҪľǹԵ˻, ʮºͣ·Ϊ˹һ
˵ϵĻģҪ, ҲֵӦҹڷǰˡֵ֮, ѪŨˮ, ӦΪТ
ֻ㻹ҪΪүңˣÿֵ֮, ȥзóһ, һܳǧ, ĻڸģȻ

Ǳ㲻˯ʲôˡ
˻Լ
ǰ, ҲõȥοԼ⸱ô
ִ, ҹ໹ˮϵˣ;񶼱ĥٽԲôĳ¥š
ִʱǱʱЮһԱ˿˸Ц˸, ڵûʱЮˣȴȨѹȡ
һƽȵ˵лС, Сһҹҹ, и, 
żѵĿĴﵽˣġšһ˵ˣȥա
ߵͷŴǳȥ
޹ķԺڵԷڣٵ·ߣȥ
˰Сʱŵ˷ãľףһ˶ŨܣԸһƮƮ
һЩɨū⣬Եðмš
ߵϼɫЩ͸ϡ
ڲȥһҵ̴ζεĴֹıǿȥ
һ棬㰸ϵơ
Ǽпš
ڿտЩĴվţվ˲ʱ䣬洫ķԸһŰȲ輸
űīֽ⣬һȹȶҪľ顣
輸ǰ档
ûб仯
ָָ
Ŀһ۲輸Ȼ˴˵ķ档
ɰݷԼİҰοҸڣݵҲԼ
ҪųҲǷ棬ǿˡ
ǣ֪Լһվ˭Ĳӣ

·ݵ峿ķ绹ЩģϣƺѹǾ˯ˢЩȥ
ĳԣꤣѾһЩȺİеĵͼ˳
ЩһǳĵˣúһҪǽ컹Ҫϳ
ϴ˯
׺ͳСŹ϶̲ס¶ЩǵɫΪ·еΣ۵׵Ѫ˿ʮֵŨ
žˤڵϣȻôȥˡ
סС⡢ȫڲүǰɣú˯һֱȥֵ
֪·ΪϥǵƼء
۵Ѫ˿ŨȫΪ賿˯
ҲôֻжѹסˣҲֻжܸһıӡ
Լһ㿿ɽȥżһֻ϶Ҫ׵Ķࡣ
͹ѽ˹ſڣǷӳЩʳȻ˼ŨŨĲˮȥ
˵ʱëʣֱ۵ʹܵü
𾭻Ҫ˲ᡣ
Լ˵һҪһܹ
Ӳ̫õġ
ʹҧҧʼбʡ˲ʱ˼ʱϢͻȻӵģ̧ͷ⡣
ʱ䲻ȣſ칫ǳ̬ǿŵģһۿͥԺ
ЩˡС׷׵ĳȥ
м䡸дˡ۾һתʱվѵֱӺʹһȥ֡
Ʒ֣˹ҲŴҳˣûЦݣȴУԹߴΪǮ͹˴˶ˡ
ƽ޲ȴ㵵˵͹𣿡
һҪǮ߾۵±Ͳͬ޽ɽй湤ѹֻʨӴ󿪿ڣܶҪǮͶҪǮ
պ۲Ƕˣܿ¶˵ȥ
֣˹ͷô㵣ԼĺӣԹЦ˵ûţСˡ깤ͻûڹõպö˾Ͳ桭
û䣬һȺ°ڷ첽ǰͥһҽд˳֣˹Ļβ
ֻȺϵĴǬԱ߾۵ͷѪһͷԵ˵ϣһˡ
ϵļ׺˰嶼ˣѪѵϡ
һ˲䰲
һ˲仩Ȼ
д򣡡
ҽ

̫̫컯֮ǮɣȻ´˶֣
ͬΪʮأΪ˴ǬɽγԹţƥ㵱ĺ

ѱ߾۵˰忳˺ö£ʹ̣ŭͷһʱ֮ˣҪȥ
ôɣ߾۵ðͷ
˰嶼ֱҶˡ
Ļǰһ˲Ƶðĵһͷǡ߾۵µͷӲ
ͷͱĻŵĺХûˣղŴܵȫˡ
Ⱥֺġ
ۼһ¼¹ʡ
ǻˣһڴСʱĻңΨԼͷϵɴñɴñסˡ
ʱϳ㷣ٺ»ҷٺ»Ҳܡ
ﶼ߾۵¿ǧ£
˭˲Ϲѡ
ص¹ʹѾԵһʵۿ
޴ֽűʱ򣬹˽һסѣ󺰣ˣѣ˰ҽ˴˱ڸѪ赹ˣ
һ˳ԼȥæסˣûȣϾԼϸ첲ϸȵģʻ̫áȴеʡ
һڹԱʱΧ֡
һ赹ԱҲ֪Ļ赹װĻ赹Ҳȥӣװģ衣
ҲЩԼ飬ϾղŻ߾۵¿Ҳ͡
˽֣æ߾۵ߣԴǿеĶԻԱλˣʪѪֹôȥ֮ǡСҽǳȴһЩֹѪ֮Сһԡ
ѪĻŻš
ҽҲáҲãûӰӡ
˶վȻԥǻǰѻ̧Ϣķ䡣
װεĹҲͬȴ
Ӿ˸첲þϴֱۣ޲˾Ʋɾ˻߾۵µǰǡ
߾۵µǰǡ
΢ѣһ̶ȵ𵴡
ûͷݡλѣҡ
ƤҩֹѪĹЧ˲˿ߺ֮󣬹ʼϡ
ˣ
ȫס֣ǹѾˣһʱҧԼͷ
źܺÿϸ룬һ㶼ܿͷˣֻһЩѪ΢΢
˼ֹסѪˣ߾۵ʱyin㶼͵͵һ
վֱ壬ӣһڴ˹˸񣬲ſ˵Ӧ޴󰭣ֻͷʱЩĿѣ֢֮ҪԴաһѮ֮˿ϵĲ࣬˿߱ɲ¡ڼ䲻ˮÿЩ߶Ȱ׾Ʋ˿ΧΡ
ˣȴ⣬ֻ߾۵»᲻ûҽ߸˵顣
һʱ䷿ﰲģվվҽǰ
鷢͵ķǳ죬ܿʹ˹ͨʥּŭҽǰ
ҽĿ
ҽĿҲǶĳͣȥԺλСƽ˳ٸƽǶĳ͡
ҽһͷķ˿ڣС֣˵˿ڷϵĺܺáдˣ


39 
ˢˢĿ˹
ǰҽ˸
ҽͲ, ĺã͵Ŀۡ
ĵĿعҲĿС, ȴԼˡعۡ˻ͷ⡣
ҽ߾۵¿˿, һ˵ͷػЩͷĿѣ, ԴϢձɡʳ壬Ҫ, ҿѪ̱Ԫҩ, һѮࡣ˿Ҫø߶Ȱ׾ƲϴΧҪˮһƿ̵ҩ, һѮ, ձȬ
һڹԱ
û뵽Сˢ, ˵Ļҽ˵Ļû
費ǳ
ǰ, ҽ, ͷҼү˰Ҽү֪ʮ£үʱ˹ȥСΨҼүˡɱضˡ
ĹԱǣ
ֱ
ϣƥ
ûܻԱɫѿ, ɫżȥҽҽæҽȴĸ첲
ҽȥ˺ҼүͬΪʥϰ, һǮġһ, λ˶, ɽй޽һ飬ϹǺã
ҽ
ֲǴˡ
˵ˣѻˣͷѪ
ʾʾ޷Ҫ˵˵ĺأҲ˵أȻ¶ǶΡ
ΪǮŹĻͷѪҲøһһʱ϶Ҫö
ҽѰ
ԽԽüһء
һƾеš
ĹԱһ⣬˵ı߾۵ذɣ
ҽʱ˵үڲ֢֮ءԴ£֮ǡ
˵գ˶·ֻ׺ܲ˰忳ĺۼ
߹Ǻθ˰忳ĺۼϷˡ
һʱһ
߾۵ְ
ҽ˵ҿӣϽҩ
ŹϵĺۼҲǲɵüԭùװһװˡ
ˣĺۼʱӡ
ûã߸˾͹ѻ߾۵¸ؼȥҲɢˡ
ҽĿߺ󣬹ιҩʱ򣬹װ˶ȥˣ̾Ϣһ̾ĶԹ˵顣ȻҽҪʥǰˡ
ιҩȥѶ㿪˵ҩ࣬˰ɡ
˵ͷĶԹѵˣҽԷ飬ˡҪͶˣСιҩ
ѣ
˶ɵˡ
ˣ
ͷ
ķҧгݣ߾۵ƥղôû
æ˵үӡүͬͬΪʮأ֪֪˵ģʧֽȥҪ˱ʲôְ飬үҪӦԣ鷳
ѿŹҩȻһں˸ɾ˵˵Ķԡ
ͷƽŹ¡
ѿڶԹ˳ֹʮĹ˵㻹ҽ
ҴһҴӣԹ˵үĻֻǴԵĶһЩүԴϢʱ䣬СźүߣʱүϾ˲ˡ
ҲϧȻҽʱԼźԼҲЩǣͶԹͷ
˵үҩ˯һСȥͷûСӦÿ쵽ˡ
˹׿֮󣬹ȥ
֣ͥ˹֣˹ӵĿŹ·ûƳһ񣬵ˣСĿҪЩʱաүǱҪСź򡣵үȫˣػֵСܳЩ˲ᡣ
֣˹ǿЦЦ˵źôҪݲҪ
ЦţʱˣСĻҪȥͷĳûУСĸˡ
֣˹ͷ뿪ˡ
֣˹ŹıӰüͷݺݵţЩǺͣ˴ҲܿѹһūӻᵽС
һʱЩѹ
ܾԼƨŵȵ
ˣ̧˹ѷԸ˳
޵·ʻڹѵԺǰͣѱ̧ҡ
ûãٰõ̫̫𼱻ǵĹˣķġ
ûӣżҲˡ
ŶʮӡʮһŮʮСҲˡ
ŮСˣļԺӡ
Ĩ꺮ůֱֻѼӹ
䡢ٽ䣬ϵĹˡ
һǡٲʢ
ûг̫ãЩĺܿ죬ߵҲܿ졣ֻʣ̫̫żѡӡӡʮ
գżѵŮԸͷļӡ
˹檡
ʮӡ
ǸһС⣬ദСŮˡ
żǶˣǷ˵ŮЩ档
Ҳʮӹ˰ϻ۱򣬶
ڡļعһһһźվһҲûǰ
ʱ򣬹ȴͻȻʼѪˡ
ǷڵѪ顣
һʱ˻ҵĽк
ҲǾ֣ʱͺ
æǰδߵѴǰͻȻһƴϡ
ž
һ졣
ֱѪ
Ŷżѣ޼ˣȴòֹ̿¡
żȷˣԸȥȥ˻ճɻңԴӵүߣүû̫ƽ֣˰ȥ
ٰ̫̫΢΢ǵۿϹŵĹ۾ûһ˿飬ȫȻĮ
·ȥԲһ仨˵飬ؿطϡ
ʱд׳ūҪѹȥ
Ż˼Ѫڻ˹Ŵ׳ūʱŭȥ
׳ū˿ֿһʱ֮ȥˡ
ڵϷߵףû˵һ仰
üëŭżѣʲô֣ʲô
żеţæүһͿֵܡѵԴүߣү̫ƽżհȥܵˣ
ѣҲҪֻ֪ҪǹҽҪʥǰͷ˵ȥ߸ҿ
ߵͷˮ۵ĸм
ѿ˿Ź£˵үΪСķŭСѴ̡ոѪΪҽҩˣѪ˳үĿǲ̹ˣ
ôһ˵ϸܸܣ
ʱһŻֵ̿ı㳹׷
ʱ̫̫ͻȻ˵ĸףһĸ
̫̫ɫ׵ĹѣüͷϣŹѵģʲô˵ҪΪС¶ŭ
˴Ƥӡ
ԼλߵС¶


40 

ʡ, ĸǶ壬ǶӲǣʹ˴, ȴŹˡ
п˵⻰, ̫̫ס
ڳûв㵵ġ
̫̫򶨣۾Ҳ˾ȡ
żѸɫ䣡
Ѷ̫̫˵ң, ͬһգĸڵ, ֵ, вĸֲŻֻйסˡ˼ȥ󸻴󴩺ϵ, ôҲմ߶, ͬ, ʲô
ˣ
˵ĺе, Ȼ޷
˴ɽй޽Ĳ, ոǽ˶һΣʴˣףһ߸Ŷһ߲ƿıְ, ҲǶԶӵһ
̫̫ʱĿɫĴ㵺Ͳţ̫̫Ŀ, ¾͹
񡢹˰˸ǲĶŹ
ż촽䶯, ҪԷ, ʱ̫̫һۣˣ˻ȥ
̫̫ɫ򶨣Ĺѵֱ˵鲻˵һʱƬҲвͬǶõģѵϸֺͬͬͬһƷԱֳϮλ
ףⱾʲô£һӰˡ˺ˣʱ˷µĴʦһ
˵ģǸиģֻǸͨͨҲˡһУʱ˵Ҳ޷Ȱˡ
ѱʱЪ˼ˣҩ١ʱѱ˯ȥ
˱Ⱥȥ
ߵżѣԹ񣬴ȥʱݺݵĿŹ
ϳϻ̳ϿֵĹ
˹ܼվڷɫĿŹĿ⣬ֻ׵ͷһ£ȥտ¯ϵҩ
˹ܼһʱɫ
ǵ÷˷ҪҲǹԼıˡ
ڹʱµ
һ仰ūһ仰ͳҹɡ
ǰջ˵ڷó˰ķ𾭡
ԼǷˣҲŹ̶
㲻ܶԼʲô˺ɱϵŪ·Ҳǵòʧ顣
ܶʱЩ͵öɱѿ֮С
Ҳ֪ͦסá
˹ܼôţһʱ֮еͬĿǸ

żڻԼԺӵ·ϣϵıѿʱͻȻͣ˽Ų˵ȥ˾Ժӡ
һ񣬱һ·ȥ
סԺӺǧƺԺŵģ⻹еиСԺӡһЩû谮ĸһԺõı廨ֲݺͺ鲻õ춷øڼƵġ
ͺͬ·飬ûнԺӣվһӣ˵Ż
ûо͹˵˵ϼ䣬ӱˣͺһﶼ£ȫ
Ӷ˵ȥһˡ
ﲻԣ֪˽ȥʲôȴֻӦˡ
һۺ㣬ȥɣ÷˾õȡҾȻԺӣһ
˵ȥˡ
˵ո˵Ժȥ
㷡
ʵǸղżҪɱĻ¡
żѻصԼԺӣŻһ·º˿ڲ裬ˡż밲֮󱻴
żʱЦŶһ׮Ҫ㡭
ż˵֮ǿŻԼԺӵģȻصԼԺӣһأǿЦʧһɶֱӿ޵ڴߣˮòġ
ǧƹʱﶼ޵òˣæ§ʵôˣǷʲôΪѵĲ£㾹޳
ǧƻ˵ˡҪҶүȥ£ʹðרĶ飬ȡȻ١ѧδɣ͸үȥ£λܰĶ飿
˵ҶӵȨĵ飿ȹǼ֣áҶȥֶүעѹǹ˵Ķ֣
ءǺáǺã
ǧ죬ȻһŶ˵ĪĪĪޡĪޡ
ȴŹֵţ˵ִ֮ҲʥԾʥԣбȵùĵط
ǧôţȴʮϿҵİοʱǻԼԺӣڽԺŵʱȴͻȻͣ£ŶߵŮＸ䣬Ůһ±תȥ
ԺܼԺӣŮܼ˵˼䡣
ܼҵͷĿŮȥԭⲽһ಼ͬȥ

źѺȹҩ˯ȥŻ಼ͬԺţصʱ˼̮沿Ӳ
һһŲŻص䡣
ѵӿϥǣϥǶѾڵĿáҧҧ촽尾ͷʹ۽ǷЩˮ
࣬ʹıϹͷʹƵġ
ϥǣͻȻ
һݣʱѿȸ˿ɫȵһȴɫ
ſڣŴ򿪡
ǶԺܼңЦܼң٣ʲô𣿿
ܼҲȥҿˣԹ˵˴ң˵ʮӹ˰үȥ£Ҫѹ㡣
һ㶣漴㵣ɫʮ֣ءܼҶʱһлܼңм
ܼҿŹп˵Ҳ̫ˡˣ׳ɼңҲǷ֮ء
ܼҳϿҵлܼҸ棬˼
ܼҵͷұȥˣౣء
ҪܼңܼΧǽΧǽ֮ĺͬ·첽ʧںڰС
ܼ߹սˣŲĹšͷϵ˨Ƭ⼣߲ӡ۾ﱻ۵ܵѪ˿УǲѪߡ
չ
֣
գܲ򡢲󡢲򡢲֣
ѵ屣ĺܺãϸĶƴкôҩӦоУָĺܺá
ȥźĹѺǿ
һһնԹĺøмӱ
Ѿ⣬ҪѹŽͷ
ʱѾУӡҶгˡ
źʮյĹ⾰ÿĲ֮ǰ֮𡣡ǰµūŵʱ򣬳ԵĶһЩͷ̲鵽һ죬вԵĻǱ˵ʣи
ֱڣڹź򣬳Ͳ͹͵Ǻ͹˹ܼһĹ񡪡һأ侫׷ʱΪźѣѺһԷ
Ǿ߻һ
⸱Ӫһֱûϣͷ΢΢ݻƣɫѵʺ
졸ʳľò߶ڷ仯
ҪǳЩ⣬տһЩ۾ҲԹһЩ
ΣڹźûȥóϢĺܺáȥ£żҲû취ܹܲҪźţ˺ȥóǸѶŸɣô
ȵ˺ãٵӣձȥ糯ȻȻָȥֵĲ¡
ҪҪ𾭣
ǣ
Ǭ֮ϡ
ڳ³֣߾۵»лһڹԱ¡
߾۵룺ԼѴĵȥͷѪ溧ˣ˳Ȼιһѿ϶Բ˶ߡ
ĳ룬ȴ˱ԼҪأһʮֻڼԴ
ֻԼ߸ĹܼȥЩƷοʡ
ҲοʣҪӸϿ
ܼһ˵ԷҩζŨҩҩˣ»ҩ
߾۵µʱ飺ҺûҪˣԼ⻧ҲҪͷ

Ժܻٴ
׳¡
϶֮ϣ䣬֮ǰ߾۵º͹Ѵܵ˸ͷ˸β
λ以Źˣɺȫˣ
Ѻ߾۵£΢
ϣǶǹ֮سȲ˵ܶŹʧִ磬˲ϧΪЧ޺ʹ
Ѻ߾۵£΢
ֵ֪ǣһ߸ǬĹ⣬һ߸ǬĹ£Ϊ޷ǡһŸʡǮÿһӶڵϣһŸްÿϸڶǺ¶ǬΪ롢Ϊ޷ǵĳӣγˣ
Ⱥߵף꣬Ǭǧ
ֻպϣȶమϧ壬ĪҪٷǰ顣֮ҪΪĸΪԼϧҪΪǬϧ
Ⱥߵףʥ£

ȵ³֮һڴţǰͷĶ湤Ѻͻ߾۵²У͹ĹԱĵš
ѣߴˣϴ벦Ӻʱ
߾۵£ʱ򡣡
ѣʱʲôʱ򣿡
߾۵£ʱǵʱ򣬹˴ĪҪżŰ㣡
ѣֱ߾۵
˹ţ߾۵ֹݲݵĹһ֣ԹѵٻйҪ죬һ
ˣҪǮŲˡһҪ200ӣȥɣͦ
˸Ѵܣʵ֮ߡ
߾۵ﳤȥʱĴ˸¡
Աǣ
ȥֵʱ֣˹Źвݣʱ˱ȥ
תתԹڵ˺¹ٿɷΪ˷ǣ
ѺȿڲˮŰѲյض£б֣˹㣿
֣˹Źɵû˿˵˿糯ʱΪͻ黥Ź飬ϳˣʵڲصǣֻҪɽй޽Ǵ󹦣Ͽ϶ֻǵôĹͿͣټǵӴܵСµġ
ѿΪ֣˹豭ֺһڲˮȻЦ֣˹˳ǣžͷ˰ۣͷȥùź򡣡
֣˹
Цȫס


41 
֣˹ڨڨĴӹ˳, ޽ǶðһЩ亹ȵ˹ѵĹɫʱһ䡣
˫ֽܳȭͷ, ۾ɫֻֿԹ
Ȼһ, ԼĵλܲĸоǶԵġ
ⲻŶãҪԼȥˡڵĹƷְԺƷְ
֣˹ĵڹ˴ߴʮ, ųһƷͨԱǨû˵ƾ, ҪԱΪա
˴˴ûƾٹ, ȴѱƾٹʱһԾΪҵ˾ߺƽƽ
ǺòţʮزǸƷԱ죬ƾʲôƾʲôҼȥ
֣˹۵Թ, ˵ķǰ, š
ǿŵ, ֻΪˡ
̧ͷ֣˹, ϶ʱ¶˲᳭ѹ, ±ʣվߵ֣˹ǰ񣺡ˡ
漴ЦʣʲôķԸ
֣˹ǿЦһЦ, Թ˵˴˺㣬¡ȥɣҪù˴˾õȡ
һ,л˴˵ճѵĹȥ
֣˹һ˫۾Ŀ͹չȹսǡ
ĴڹչսǵʱȻͣ, ת߼һ, ֮ʢӥǡ
ѵĹڱڹⲽӣƤӴ룬̧ʱĹ
վż⣬Թ񣺡ˣң
վǰУ˵˵
°ڣżǰ
ҪЩط˲ʱܹꣿЩ˲ʲôãʲôʱܵź򣿡
šҪ֣һ£һ֣˹
ȴȻԹѹ˳˵ش˵Ļ˲ܶ࣬һҪһʱ䡣Ϣʱ΢ڿЩܴõĲ࣬ʱڹź򡣾Ҵֱŵģүϲ
˵ŷ£ϥǣѳһ
糯һһΣʱ仹ͦϥȷʵ
һкүȻʵүƺЩߴ˵飬ϽӦûŰﾯһ㷭ϲŶԣүӦòΪʮ֮ǰ顣ѵǴɽй޽飬ߴ˿Ըӣ
ѶĿŹ÷ëʼԼǲ˵ʲôˡ
һѣվ
ѿĿЩӣû뵽ԼôӣŴԼǻ۵ĶӾȻǹ
ʱſ˵ʲôӣ
һԹ˵ҪҪѭ򽥽תΪɻȥᣬүߵ̼
㶣һһΣתΪתΪ
ͻȻüëԹ˵ǻҪǲˣ
˵үΪʲôǵȥ飿Ŵɽй޽ȥϻ㱨ֻҪɽй޽ӡ½ںΧֶԴɽй⣬Ƿ˵Ȼͻ̯ͷϣٹǹܡЩԱˡˡǮ˵¶Ҫǰ첻ãǵΣֻҪɽй޽
ѻЩԥϾɽйôḶ́ӣЩ̼һϸǣ
Ҫ̼ҲϴǷô죿
үģʼҵƴţе̼ԸðշһһµҵʱһӾǡ
ѳĬţ˺һŵٺú롣
ǰˮʱǴӻ֮˸ˡ
һӹһľϣȴдһٶʮӹľϡ
չӡ
Ǳǡ
̼һӵľϣ̼ҴӻõǮҪʮӡ
ǰǡ󡹵̰ۡ
ǡ͵͵ˮ
ǰǮӹ߹
Ǯ̼
˻
߾۵ƥĲǮȷǸ÷ӡ
Թ˵ϸ롣ڰ֣ùȥ
뿪ſھͽһλƷɣջơſվ밲
ÿ·
ѣʲô¶
ЦŵˣɽһʢΪ˹ش¹ٵһԷԱƣ
ƽϲơɫˣһо⶯ڼԴʮգͷζˡ
һʱͷҲáֵ֮һۡ
ӦЦţ·Էҡ
ʱѶſվĹ˵Ҳͬȥ
񣺡ǡ
ʱصĿϴڹ˴˺鶷Ź¼бļѣʱ;ùЩܸɡ
һʮչڼźѣûõټȴǷֹ͹ѴƣͷҲơ
жʱһˡ
ԹЦЦ
عһ񣬲Ÿˡ
æһ죬ֵˣŹ˳ɽȥ
ɽһʼлʾ¡
ʾм˴׳֦پÿһʱһһƬ糺Ʋʡ
ʢ
ɽҲɽҰһ
ÿʱɽܹӦ
쵽ɽʱͣ
һΪ𾴷棬ϾǰǲȥԵóġ
Ϊ񾴻ʼңϾֻлҳԱŰʹǰ
˵˰ɽһԷʱͣСɽӢͷϼεɽ˱ǣһڹԱɽ·ţһԷȥ
յһԷſڣӭ߳ɮˡ
ǰɮλߣüë°ͣһȺͣǣ¶˷ϡ
һ¨ŲЬȡ
¨۵һ
߸ʮ߰ĴУߵʮСС¨ﶼװһ
һڹԱλɮһһ¶㵾ϲ֮ɫ
׷׼˷񣺡Ǵʦ
ǴʦҲ΢ЦŶһ˵һʢλһƷʱ֮Ȥģ
ѿڣʮ𾴣˵ʦɽڣĻҵԡԡġ
˷׷Ӧ͡
աǴʦЦ˵λ㣬ԸλܵɽȤ
˷׷һ·ǴʦС
ʱѿﱧ硢´ҹȫĹͻȻͣ˿ǡ
ʦ
Ǵʦʱͣ½Ųתѣһʣʩ£
ЦŶԿǴʦ˵ʦżԵʹȻʦʦҿһҶ񡣡
һ㶡
һ
ǶʱҲ͹ᣬ϶ݡ
йԱϾĹԱֻйչˡ
֣˹
ǹ˴˶ӣ
ô֪
ˣ
ſڱտڡү
ĶС˻ġү
ЩٵǺġˡ
֣˹һ¶סˣرԼĹӣΪʲôڹʱֺȥʣ
ʱֵ벻ãʦͷȻϻʾΪȫ
һͷһѹ
һǰĸǼ
ϸϸһչüͷԽԽĽ
ʮֺ档
ֻйĵ
ڱĸоһ㶼ǰĿǴʦһף֮ǰһŬ㶼Ḷ
ңԶ޷ֻᱻص̶߽÷
ʱ򣬿ʹѣ֡
룬׼ȷı˳̼ǵ죬˷¹ײܹȥ˵ײ˸Ӥڿޡ飬ʲôʱ
ǿŹȻָ㡣
ȻǰѰ£
Ƕ䣬ŴСȥ
Ź΢΢¶Ļϲ֮ɫĿһ̶룺Ǵʦ˵ʲô
ʱļȻкһһԷ


42 
ʦλʩһ㶼á·ò·Ҳ᫲, ʮաһ˵
ʦ, ͽʦ˵Ĳȫԡղλʩͷɣ֮, ضһ˵
СпУֿǵʦ, ۾ĺ档
Ǵʦ΢΢һЦ, ˵֮翣߹ضУֵ߳, ˿˰ˡ
һСʣûð
ǴʦЦԽȺ, ˵Ҳá
Сʣģģ
ǴʦԵ˵й¶

һԷһƶǻʾ, һԷ
õǮʩ¡
һԷһЩ˼ɻ, ײ֮, Щ޷ĲɫزˡȻЩزˣζȴһ
ûеһ±źСƴһ˵ķʳȻûйԱǵĺãζҲ
һ㹽, 뷹
˵Сӳӡ
ǳʱ뷹ȥоԼٳ롣
һԷŷˣǱɽ·ȴһʾȥ, һŮ, мǿյ, ¶ķϲȸʯҡ
Ů˿˿ڵ󣬶˵ٸϿһ㡣
ˣȻ֪Ů˭
Ͼ֧ҡʱֱֱʵǺǡ
ѺһԱƳԷڼ仹̸һЩڴɽй޽飬㷹֮ؼҡ
ϣ˵Ż
һߵĻ˵ڼʱʱЦ
ȵǰ³̨ףżӭһֹԹү̫̫ȥſһ۹λ
ɫ糣¶Щ֮ɫȴ衣
ѿһۣҲ̫̫ȥЩ֡룬Цݣ˵պҲȥݻĸס
˵մٰ̤ȥ

һ·̨ͤ¥תȣľ׻ݷʢ԰ݶ͵ׯشʧµٰá
ȴſڴ㿴̫̫п͡
һλɮ˺̫̫һںɫĲ輸ţż̫̫ףվżԺ
һ˵һһ̸
ڹ̫̫ɮվ͹ѻ񣬹ڵϸ̫̫ż
վ
ЦĶɮ˵޻ʦվȻУｲ
޻ʦЦţǵ󸮽Ӧ֮ԸҲˡ
΢㶣̫̫
̫̫ϴƵЦݣԹ˵㲻Ҫ𣿽޻ʦǰҽ˳͸ͨ꣬Ǳףȫ˼
һžҪ˵졣
룺ȻлʾֿǴʦǸͷ˵û׶Ǵʦλ޻ʦȻȿǴʦ¸ط𷨸ҲĴʦһ񣬴ٰ֮ѹŽףͻ˳顣
ӣſ˵Ҳãĸ׷ġ
̫̫˼ţ˵ҷģ˷ġҪŽףˡҲ˵ĸ޻ʦ
תۿżѣЩܸжԼķˣׯʱʱ̿ԼЩСֻ֪ᰮ
żѺĶϹѵ۾Ǵܸжɫ
˵ͷ˷ˡ
żЦҸġү޻ʦ
ѺЦ޻۵ʹʦˡ
޻ۻԷ񣺡ү͹Сǰ
ѣ΢һͷ˳ĶԹվ޻ǰֶ޻
޻̫ʦϣŹ
ãŵСӣɷƶɮһࣿ

޻ۺϼֱȹֻҪϸ塣
ǳֻġϼ롣
Щ˷ܡ
ӸղŹûоܾ޻۸ʼҲʼ˷˷ܸ׷Ҫ׷chaoĸо
޻ۿչ֮ɫأȻ̾Ϣҡҡͷһ˶ҡͷJPGӡ
΢΢㵡
Խ˷ܡ
̫̫䣬ƤӴ˴üëŻһǵӡ
żҲ˷ܣȴǼȵ޻ۣ޻ʦ⡢⡭ʲôף
޻ۣӷ𣡡
޻ۣΪҲͶ֮ȻǴ󸻴֮ҡ
ָɨǡ
ƤӴ˴

޻ۣȻǱӯ꣬˶òҡλӣԼֵͬܣմȾĻ
ɷʶй˱һһˣߵһʼܿѶಡ֣㱻˵ʵ޷
ƶɮֻܷȰүһ䣬СʵڸУӦһԶ֮صķãڷǰݣоͶһƽ˼ң
Ĭš
ȥ˲豭һֱûж豭޻ۣ޻ʦԿ棿
޻ûش
һƺʮӷ𣡡
ʱżѴӹѶŵվǾվԹȰүǺã
˵գԳĬŵĹ˵ǲԸ㣬㿴ʦҪŲĶ£ҲӦñӣڷоݷԼ
δڣմ죬ʱվ޻˵޻ʦɫ磬Ϊ޻ʦʱڲ̫̫վ͵գˣҵ޻ʦػʾ¡
޻⻰бҲ֪ǲҪˣﲻʣվһţ
޻۱ٰ֮󣬹һѣѳһ֣һ漴ߵվ
ѶһڣٰõĿʮֵľһ
·һɽ¥ĸоϮ
żķΧٶȿڣү
Ѻڲ֮󣬰Ѳյڲϣ΢ײ
ûпżѣվԶ϶̫̫ĸףӽչۣɫҲˣͲĸˡĸҲЩЪޣպ壬ʱĸּ硣
ż۾ŵĵɴˡ
̫̫۾ָŶŷ顣
˵ǰĸףӦڶģ޸ȥӴ㽫Ϊӡ
̫̫Ȼ۾
ҲŶˡ
ҲǴ֡
Ϣֱ
żѵʱʧ̬ˣ
үôԣһϣ޻ʦүûôӣ
̫̫޵Ŀżһۡ
żе
޻۵ĻȻҪİѹŽף϶żѵİų˲©Ȼ
żѵĻûֻ̫̫
̫̫ŹѣڲٱտڲԣʣΪˣ
ѿڵĸףӽ֮ӦȥɽһԷ磬һԷʱǡ÷ŻʾµִʦǴʦɻơ
żɫʱҰס
벻ż˿ǴʦҶ񡣡԰գ̫̫ǴʦԣǱ֮ʣ֮𡣡
̫̫ʱĿĿִٶ
Ѷ̫̫һһ£ͷĸ׹ʱȥʾ͵ʱΪٶЩ͡
̫̫ͷ
Ӹˡ
˵գؿͷ˹ѳٰáߵʱ򿴶ûпżһۡ
ѵ԰ʱ򣬱߱߶ԹùȫԺʰͷͰԺ
ү֪ǴʦʲôȻù˾
Ѷ㣬ʣү
漴ߵףס
ѴȺ͵Цţ룬ȥգջҪֵϢ
ǡ
ѴʹԼԺȥӵվϳţûаϲɫ
һƬ԰ҶӣĥҶӵĸҶӴת
ΪԼܹŽ׾Ѿǵˣ벻ѾȻҪǳɵӡ
֮֮
첽಼಼ͬͬķӣƿסʮصӣĿٴѲԺ䡣
˶ľ·ǰһһݡ
Լ
ѩϿƽ
±żѷȥҹ㣻
Բиʣ˱عϣ
ѶƴҪߵͷл

һĻһĻ
ǰݹ
ۿͨ졣
۵һƬɺѪҺ
Ҫһһߣ

ٰã
̫̫ɫ԰׵żѣЩص̾һż˵鵽Ϊֹ
żshiļˡûаѹӲϳȥӣ˵ӡ
ԺҪԼĸףֻŻ¡
żѽӣ̫̫ĸףɫүߣһʹʲôHֶΡȻһϣܼҵµӣ
̫̫żڻھѾ϶飬θС
̫̫һ䣬⣬ڻǺúν޻ʦ黯⡣֮ĪҪ϶ԽλȨصԽϲԼŪ
żѣЩŵվ̫̫򸣣ĸףϱˣĸЩϢ
˵ӻеһѾˣȥѵԺӡϴ
ߵ·ϣ˹ȫ
˹ܼҴһ˸ż밲
̧һ̧ӡ
żѣЩҪ̧ȥģ
˹ܼҶżѵط˵Ļү׼Щ̧Ժӡү˵ӽ˾ԼԺӳիճҹз𾭣ոΪڿ
պļ磬ʮպδᣬ˲óԺʱ𾭣ʱԺ
żԣ˫۵ɴ˫һһЩˤӻæס


43 
ټĶû, һеܶ¶ɣοֵ÷з顣
ʮǰĹӡʬ, ȻҪڷ, Ϊӡ
Ȼֻ׼磬ͬšǰ磬ΪҪ, Ҳʮֵ¡ء
µϱ˹
һգ, ˹ѵĸ׻ķżʢװڳ, ǹļϵŮ
ͳʮӣʮһŮ
Ҳʢװһ廨Ľг, ߵסߵסߵ, ڵĸ塭һ˵ļ֤, ɹд¹֡
ɡ
ôԺϯһʱｻ
Ѻһصһ, ʹӹӹ, жͬڵġظۡĵһ
һʮ
һ˷׷״Ź
Ź⸴ӡ
ŹʮӶ
ӣĿͶڹϣŸӵŨҵǼʡ
˴Ŀ, 󷽵ľƱͬ˵үҷн֮, ܹλͬϯϣͬλ, һΪ己һ, λͬͬ¡
ͬҲӡ
Ͼǵӡ
һ˵һپλлλԸҡ֪ԼݲλȻΪӣ಻ҽ棬պλ
־ٱ¡
һ˵˹飬Ĺʱλ
پٱ
ʱ򵥶һƣȻԹ˵ӣһƾл֮顣
Ҳһֵ飬£ֵͷ
˵ҲĿ
ɪɪ
ڣŻ½ʸ߻󷽡
ʹǰȻб
ȴԭʱ˵˵ø׿ĵ鶼ġ
ĸҲΪ
Լġ׵ܵܡ
񴹴ƤƱһ˵Ŀɬ
һľƺȵĲ࣬˹ƣҲҪȥơ
ƵļĽ֮飬Ҳʸ֮⡣
ȥƵĳ׻׻̻壬Ҳе̬ӡ
֮һյļԲ
ϯɢ֮󣬹͹ѻԺϢź֮󣬲žٲ߳Ժӣ˹ܼŶԼĹ˹ܼңһ㼥Ц
붼ûоˣ˫æס˹ܼң˵壬ҿܲҲϢȻˡ
˹ܼĿ͹뿪
е
̫ˣ
һµūһԾ˵ӣ
ɲܹ˹ܼпʲôԼԺȥͰԺˣ಼ͬĶûʲôҪģ˵ǰᣬʵǡ᡹˽ȥ
ԺԺԵķõԱߡ
һϮŨҵľζˮеͷѾҶŨ̵ĺԱѾƣʯ̾͵ߵˮ¹⡣
΢紵°ڣǷɡ
ŵҶζһ˿˿
һͣһͣڵ˶̣Ӽһ̨·ȥ
Ҫ˳·߹Ժ߹ãȻŵԺ
һ̨ףʯ̵·ϣŸߴΧǽǰߣڹ䴦͵һ
вľΧǽߣͻȻһ綫ģŶԽԽ࣬ڸƵĹˡ
ҹɫȻ¹Ǻܶණֻܿܿþ塣Χǽľѵð綫ֱһ
Ǹˣһصĺ˳
θԹԣôϵģӹ
ΧǽϣǸˡ
ӹһϵĻңһԼ·ϵȻǰųΧǽǰ
Щ۾ŵˮɴ
һһɴ紵ǰһֱ䣬ĺڷһ
λԺСӦϴˣûдֻۣ£˿
ΧǽԽԽٲλС¾ͻϣɹס˺۾ƺЩסˡ
ڣγΧǽ֣˹ϡ
һ˲Ĵԣγ˲ֻܾӡ
γͰ͵˵ꡢꡢꡭ㡢˭ҡֻǳ͸͸ֺԪһȺѾСʱʱ̸̿ңҶôˡ
γջȥԼԼ֡
ܲ˼
γǰ˻Σγ
ִյøһ㣬˻Σγˡ˵˭ѽҹߺõʱԿһЩӰӣ߲õʱܿľ͸ˡҿġ
˺öľƣζءǲμ˲ļ𣿼ûкóԵģó𣿾ƺú𣿡
γγܸɾϵָɾ
ƣĿΧǽϡ
γĴչγڹ۾Ŵ󡢷Ŵγڿ쿿Ǽʱͣ
֪Ǿˮ⻹Ǳʲôտʼաеֲ𿪡
γһںͻȻͷɥˣ̲סսʣιôͻȻ۵ѽ
룬ǲ㱩¶Լ
һ󵨵ľٶץסγ֣дȶ˾ƣܡ
룬д
Ʋúȡ
Сճ
γϵЦݴſĵĹƺˡγԹԭƲúѽҾ˵ˣϵľƵζţƿ϶úȡҲϲСճҲϲԡ˵Сճϻ𣬺ü׼ҳһΡ
˵ʱҲɥͰ͵ġ
˵ԼϳѬѬģʱЩ˼Ͻܡֲôˡ
ͰСճӣʱԼ췣Сʱǰ󱳵ʱԼСճԭԼԵ˺üεСճ
γдʱҸóԵġ
γͰ͵һ¶Цݡ
𣿲ƭ𣿡
㡣
ڵͷ
γֵ¶С
дʱȥ
γ˵ͤȥǶһ͵͵ȥ
Լ˹סγ֣ȥӻζŨҼˣʮߡ
ͤγ󣬲֡
дˡ
дôܿ˳ģ
γſϣ˵ȥϣģģˣԼҲֻ֪ÿڿʡԼ´ˮͷؽỹˤˣŪԼźֵҹСѾ߱Ժ˯ʱԺﶼˣȻҾװʧߡ
˯ʱԺһ˶ûУȫԺҾл͵͵ܳˡ
˴
ܹܼҹȥŵ顣
﷭˸ӵ
ʱд㻹ϲʲô
γʱ֧ſţָϲСճһϲţɡ±㡢˿桢춹
˵˵˺üڿˮ
ԼԼ˵ԵĲˡ

ȻʧЦ
γ²˵ֻǵ̾һϧֺܶ඼Ҷԣֻܳζ˵ʲôʼлʼҵĹأһ̲˲ܹӣ±¶˭һϹ۵Ļӣû𣿡
⻰֪˵ʲôá
˾Ĭ˺һдˣҪȥˡ
γһ˿ãȴѵ˵ذɻذɡɫǺˡ
ϵį΢΢촽Ȼס֣дҲȥɣҸóԵģ˵˵
γŹļӣǸСϵļӺúԡǮóԵ𣿡
ûдκαԼݵĻֻ±ʾԵġ
γЦ˵ûдǮõǮ
ǣͤȥ̨ף߳ԡγĹǰ棬뿴ȥ
γʱͻȻץס·
γЩȣ֪˲Сˡĳ̶ԼĪλӡ
ȻǶĹӣ϶Ǯ
۰Ͱ·˵ĸҴóԵ𣿡
ԭȷһ£ʱ̿
л˵
лõĻԭʫǣ
ʶǡƹ˹顣
ں£Ĺʱ
٣ȥҽԺ飨಻ã
611ŵ£оо


44 
γûһġ
һֱڶﵱ, ˶ǲ׽
С˺СˡѾߺѾ֮䣬ԸܵܽƵ׽, ȴǹ¹µһˡ
Դӻۼ֮, ӻʹҲûмԼĸ, ûмԼĸ
γĸ׳ʲôģˡ
Ҳþû޹˼ɵĸ˵죬²֪Է˭
γڴ, ֵĹ˹, ȻЦ˯ˡ
߹صԺԺѾС˸ˣźŹʳӡԡ֮, ˵Ѿ, Դߡ
ߴʮ, ǳɫıɴһƬƬõĶ, ҫ⡣
˽, Ϸź󣬷ֻ͸¹⡣
Լֱۣ۾Ŵ
šһ硹С´ӹɵ÷ЦΪˡ
۾˯, ƺԵӻŨҵĻ㡣
գӹֵźŹѻ·, ͬ˵˻, , Ӹˡڹš»ʱ䡣
ӹԺӳ֮Ժȥ
ǻСżá
ǾٰʢʱŻᶯá
ƽնӡ˵ĳʳ
ĻʳԶԺ
ߵ˶ԺĻơʦʹӣʱһĽžֲִ
Ǹʦ亹ֱ
׳ҹ֮ԷԵȫǲиˡ
Ȼôһ¶ûȥǸʦ˵ûʲô¶Ǹæǵġ
ȥϣһӵĶлۼĸ˸̨ȼ˻ֺõĳЦš
ɫºͣ˵л
ӣĥʯ˵һһ£ɵĽ˵ĥѩһ֮Բͬ
ϴɾĽ¹ιһ顣
չٹһ飬ѩ
ĵһͶˮˮ
Ȼڹһӣ±Сʱ
ζϴ˿
±źͱ˵±ζܲһǸѧҽģԼԭ䷽ϸ䷽ѧ롢롭ʱõ춼±һͳ˿Ĺ˴
ȵʱ򣬽̳ƤΡΡ±֭죬ζϮֱ˿ˮ̲סֱʡ
˳ζԼĵ˵ͷ
Ȼצ
ڳ˵һݣܼҲһݣĴҷ˰ɣ±Դ˸ţԺá
Լķ㣬ֱֽˡ
ȹһߣԺ˷׷һ
鶼临ӡ
˵ʵڻû뵽ǰʱ仹ڶԺԵıȹ׵ˣѾһԾɲĹӡ
ȥһ˹˹ܼ
˹ܼҼڳԷȥźѡŹæ
ҲûƴǣеĶԹ˹ܼ˵壬ȥЩ±ζ糢һζòá
ֽһ򿪣˵ζ˴ѡ
˹ܼ˼
ЦŵһζͲ±үģӴĹԲүһƬТģµҲմǴĸ֡
һõĴƤ⣬ƤӲΡΡQޱȣۺۡڹ˹ܼҵ˵˹壬˵ֻɷҡȥźүųүԺӡԺһ˳Էû˼Ÿۡ£Ψ͹׽Щֿڷԡ岻ҪҴǡ
ӽӼӵļһ˵óԡ
˹ܼĵ˹һۡ
ˣʲôǺó԰ˣͷҾûԹôóԵ±㡣
ͬ˹ܼЦ
˹ܼﲻ̾ϢԼɵӴ
һͷ֮ʰ棬˶˲ˮ
ź͹˹ܼ⡣
壬ʵҽ²м鷳æ
Ĺӿˡʲô㾡ܷԸǣõĿ϶Ĺ⡣
ͬ˹ܼĿԣ϶Ǻڡ
ֻԼ֪˴˵˼
֪˹ܼ˵׻֮ǣҲ⿪ڡ
˹ܼҰæֻһӣȻʲô¡Ц˵˵ʵ¹ЦڸͷС˵ʱ򣬶Ժ׳Ҷչˡ˶вмطҲûʲôûκ⡣ԺĺҲյĺܣ㿴ܲܰ׳ҵСˣ
˹ܼһĴ㵡
Ҳɵøп壡
׳ȥСˣ˵֮͡
ѹֻһĲʲô£
˹ܼһЦŵңүҰźĹӵֻ֣Ĺÿʳչ˱ɣû뻹һҪ£СˣҪϤĹӵ˲Ŷԡ
֪ˡ
ЦԽŨҸ鷳黹͹ġ
һһĹӷģձ׳Ժֵ
лˣŸȥ
˹ܼҿŹ㣬ĪҪȥȥһˣ
˻ɻһҪȥĶ
˹ź󣬷ԿĹ˹ܼ˵ףû뵽Ȼһݺգǰջʱ͵ʦİɣϾôôʹūųĹӡ
˹ܼҺǳ⣺죡
ģû˵ʹҪүҲϲ˵Լ˵ǰ飬ղ˵Լǰҹ𣿡
˹ܼҺɸ֣˵˿㸸ףǰ㹩޷죡д˵ԼǰҲá˵ԼǰҲգ飬ֵõĲֲǸͨͨӣǼϵĵӣԺŹһ㡣
ŶʲԸ
룺ܺദô˵ԶԶЦݡ
ԺǸƾɵСԺȥ°ڿż׳̧ͷһ°۵Ĺ˶סˡ
ʧվ
ˡˡĹӣĹȥȥô࣡
һЦߵǰһֵôһ˵ǲҪװһûҲû˯û濾Ͱ
šζȷš׿Ҫĩˡ߰ɣǳȥ
׳æϴ֣Ÿ˳šԺСʯ¡
һ㣬׳ԡ
׳ΡΡ㣬е㲻ŹԸ
˵Ҹ˹ܼҪȥԺź򣬹Ӧþˡ׳磬󲻸
׳ţ㣬ڵϸ˺üͷû鲻ʶҲ˵ֻͷĵͷˡ
æ
˵ʱô䣬ͱңСʱҹģ̿Ҷ֪ģҲš
׳磬л
׳һʱͨ档
ʯϣ԰ɣȳζŨųζ
л˵
ʾָһһã
Ƿġ
ϻܺʹһߺԶԶ·
emmmĸҾáĶ޻ôҽĶ޻


45 
׳뿪, Ժ
̨ףڻ֮Ŀع
عҽĵ, ҽ߳, ƽҽÿУγСƽ
عһҽ䣬, ͹ײ˸š
Ҳ˵˹Ϊӵ飬ּ,Ĺӡ
Ҳ, ĿǸոСҪȥˣ
عЦŵ߸ƽҪȥ̫̫үƽ
пĿ
عҽְ߱, ˵ࡣĹҪԺӣ
ͷ
˵Ŀæ, ҾͲ, Ŀ롣
عл
·ع¶, ϶С
ع̨˳źǰеʱ, ջԼĿ⣬϶Сĵ
ԼҪǴǸҽߣҲӦñҽҩ䣬ҽ
ǺοȨﲻó
һ·֮, ײܻͷ
ʰ׶ϣȲС
ڵʱ̫˾޵ʱ, Ҳγʱ, ԼԺ·ΧǽĹʱ, Щݸ££ñ˷Ρ
ֻ´ӹγ̲סЦ
ǰ˵ĸо̫Щ
һμγγūͳȺӵǰУĽ³иޱȣһǶ﹫ӡ
ڶμγȴȻɵĴӹֻΪʱ͸һ
ȥԡ£Լڷð˾ϥǡϥǴǹˣȻȥЩþĵʱʱ䣬徭Ⱦϥǣ徭ŵ룬ְѿȷվȥ
źʱ㣬ϨʱȥȡͶʱͣ֪Ǻá
ȥϵЦº޺˵ɫܺãҳȥߡϨ˵ƣЩϢ
˶Թһ͹ͥţԺŶȥ
ȹһߣһۣ˿
һ˵ĹƢã˵ôϸġ
һ˵ǰźʮӣ϶ūţĹҪҾ͸Ͻͨ·ӡտʼӲźû뵽ôźĹӱʮӺá
˶ʱʣĹôͱʮӺˣʮڸǳĹǫ͡ĹȻʮӿκܶ࣬ȴǲЩ
̾һûźʮӣҪź֪ˣʮ˺þġ
˳ųϨ˵˷ȥȻûҹɫ֮У¹һˮΡ
ֹ֪߹̴ķǰڽԺվڹߵΧǽš
Χǽͷ£ϲ¶ЦݡһָֻĵΧǽϵשʯϵָдָ
ͻȻһO@ʱ򹷶
ﻺðһš
̲ס֣ÿογ깷ĪϲСסγ֣
γסֵʱ򣬾̲סϲЦտ¶ССЦж˵Ŀɰ
γʱŵ˹ϵİζŵ˸˵ζͰѰζƲȥһߡ
ֺǺǵʹĸҴóԵ
΢ŵ֣ʾǵġ
γĵıȥԵֽͤγѾСһ̲סȥˡ
±𣿡ģ״γŹʡ
һģȻһ±ݵϡγһڿˮȻĿһڡ
һ˲䣬ӯĿڸζը㵽
úóԣγ˵ҴûԹôóԵ㣡ģ
дԼġ
γ㵣ĳôõ𣿡
д±ζС
γִĳһڣӶĹĵġ
ûԷԹһЩ㣬ڳ±ʱ򣬻˳춹Ӹڲ
ǰԼǷ򿪣һͽоԡֻ±ˮͷһζá
γ㲻ǲ˵Բԣǲ뱩¶Լ𣿡
¡
γ¶ԼҲãྴҲ֪˭ദͦõġҺܹܿڶһλѣԵ֣Բԣ
Ծ¡
γֺǺǵֳ㣬һ㶼壬ȫצצһأûзʱ죬ֻƤӡ±ǡôQζܿͽһˣҲûиһݴܶࡣ
ԼǷݵγεĶŹǷݡӳγǣֲָд̫ˣԶ˻ʳӰ˯ߡ
γ
һֻԼĿ飬Եʣһ飬γɴ۾Ŀⶼרעϣʱ̲סǣдԣ
γͷ絷⡣
ոγ֣£ι
û뵽γ촽ָ΢΢һ㶣Щڡ
γһ㣬㡣
ָǡ
ĵСճ㣬ˣԺҿɾǷ
дɫˣȥ˯ɡ
γҡҡͷһһҺòã
ĵ£д۾
γһ£û뵽˻⡣
ˣҽǰй۾⡣
γ⣬˵ܼǿ⣬ܴ磬ǿⴵ˷磬ͻʹĲСҾʱ˸ȣͻȻϹˣֻģ״ƽֻҪעĺãҲۡ
⿪γɴ۾ʱȴͻȻ˷硣һ£дô󣬻ذɡ
ﻹֻҪˡһ۱ס
ڽʱ޳
γ׽סԼƮˮɫɴЩ˼˵ɴ̫ˣͷϵһġô²ǻ꣬߰ɣñˣԼԻȥ
ס֣д㡣
γ͵γҪȥˣͻȻק˹ӣ̲ס㡢ϻ𣿡
д
γʱʧȥ
д˵ʪ·ࡣ
γʱԺ
ָĵ¡
γˣŸ˹һı˶ϣãллң
γմȾһŨҵӻ㣬ȫǲڡ䵱γղСİĲӣ˶ˡ
ĲӡնƸУҺγֻǼһ¾ʹӹ˿ˣԹõʱһҪѽ
γ˵Ҫȥ깷ǸҪſȥͣסˣӻͳһɰ
˵Щ㣬лл㣬Ժ󻹰ҴóԵĺòã
̿СԻ
γѺɰս˻ֺǺǵĴӹ˽ȥ
γԺѲݸ
ʱ˿̷ͲӰ첽ȥԺյԷ£ʱ¡


46 
һ, ţʱιڵ, ʱѹ, һ֮ڵˡʮӹ˰
Ƥ΢΢£룺͵Ϣ˰Ҫ衹û뵽ֱղ
, ֺ͹˰
˰żѵķԸһֱ־᳹ס
ڿΪ֮, סˡ
ĺӹ˰Ķ, ӹӹȥˣǱһֱȥǲС
ñΪӵĺϸĺӲŶԡ
ư, ѵȴǴϸ, ﴵһϵͷ, ﻰʾ
үǵİ, ȹ, ϣ£Աȹá
Ѳ֪˰ûйãһӷҲ, Ҳ¡
޷
ǽʹ˹˰
͹˰Ź˳
ڳϱĿ񣬹͹˰ûз졣
ӻóһ飬ķ
˰û뵽Ȼܴӻͳ, һʱ, ĵ˿ܹڸǰװʲôʱ鲻Уʱ飡
˰ʮָӵĶŹ, ѺõĶԹ˰һͷȻԼ顣
ֱӳ̹ˣѲŻ۾
һ飬ķš˰һ۱Ŀ񣬲ɵ΢΢üë
ʱѿʹڿѧ
Ĺ˰ʱ۾ˡ
̧ͷŹѣʮִݺͻ˵ǡ˵Ҹˣ븸׶㴹ҼӣҴǰҲûҪͨƾȡùΪ⣬ɸҲù顣
ѶʱЦлɬ֮費ҪΪʦѧǼõģʦӴέ«
˰ʶֱͦЩҲЩԺ֮ɫ
ºӦԣȻϮȴǽʿλ飬ǴǬһƷ󳼣ŹʯĿǰ徭ǳԽ̽ңҶǳ֮л׺⣬ʦ㲻ˡ
Ѻϲ£죬ǳá
պҪ⣬ҡпձ̽㡣
֣ллס
ѹûȥμӿƾٿԣ˵ĲμӿƾٿԾΪ٣ƾԼΪƷ׵ĹԱǳ顣
ЩƾٿԽٳˣȡù֮Ҫ·ŵطȥǨһʼҲǾƷ١
Ѿż̤żˣα벻ȥ¿
˰ѹѺĸ߸˵ĹԵĳĬһ߻ᰢķеˣôϲˣ
ʱ˰ԸԼϲĶӣй˰ʱ򣬹òʶϼѣϲ
ǱʲôɬѶҲΪ
˰ʱ͹˵лסһʣŽȥѯʣ׼ȻԸӽ𣬶ӱ㶷ˡ
ѧ֮¡ơ˾ڡӹ֮Ժν֮
ѣ

һ˵һʡ
üһ
֪ʿеǰʮҲῪڡ
˰ź˼˺һûѿڣȻѯʣ׿ǲ᣿֪֮Ϊ֪֪֮Ϊ֪޷ġ
о֣ھ³
͹˰ͬһñ˼޹
ѵˡ
ȿȣʮܣѧ¶ļֻ˼λΪ˵ף˵ʮҸѧ׷£ϼո׶㽲⡣
˰գգ۾Щ㶣ʣ𣿡
ӣһ˵㲻Ϊ
˰æң
һ·ƽȵĵ˹ſڣ˹³һ·ϵ壬ԹѵףȻ꣬ǳʪȣǲЩû˯ã
һ˸Ƿ
͹ѽţһԼѣ˵ֵ׳δ˯ãʥЩˣǳҲ֪˯û˯á˵΢΢ЦЦ
ѿŹЩ仯
ȴ·𲻾Թ񣺡͸ס
Ѵ̤˹š
˳֪˵ʲôҲ֪ʲô˳Լʵū͡ΪĹ˰ѽ˹֮󣬶Թ߰ɣǸȥˡ
΢Ц˵á
ٲȥ
˰ȥĽæջסʣȥ
Ц˵峿ʣһҲɢɢ˯⣬˵ҲֻҪʱ䡣
˰ʱüһ֮ڳɢȥãУһȥ罫Ҫ׼
ϴº͵Цݣܷ˰һķˮպáݺá׼˽ķ
Թ˰Ǹãǻһ߰ɣ˳·ϳԵ㡣Ϳɺã
˰µǺڵ˵лĸ硣ҳ֮ǰ㶣ңͷʳЩɲʳȰĸҲҪԣ̯ϵ˳θʦΧȹûдǶǱù룬ûÿˮˡĶڣ

ͻȻлżѡ
νжԱȲͻ
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˰Ȱͬһɿһղİӹݣʱס졣
ŹıӰͬҡҡͷ
ȻȥԸȥá
򣺡
׳ССˡĸ
ĹԼȥĹãûùΪʲôʮӲ·
߽ӹ֮˷ǮƣȥһҪõġȥء

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ʵһû˯ãֳʪƵȺֱ
ò˯ˣֵ糯ʱ䡣
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ڱӲϣ䡣
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ѴŴĹ۳˹֮󣬶ͬʸǹˣһûпԼ
ѿǵʱüʵȥˣ
ΡΡǰ˵ءزүĻĹ˵ǲүóʮӺһ·ȥã˳Ըʳʮ˵ͷʳۻִ࣬ȥˡ
һ˲ɫ࣡
ʱ򻧲߾۵¹ˣղһ䣬ʱЦŵѽѽô˴ûˣ͹˴һ̣
Ѷʱī
ǿǣˣлߴ˺⡣
߾۵£Ȼ˴˲ñһ̣Ǳˣٸǡ
߾۵˵⻰ֻﳤȥ
ѿ߾۵̫֮Ѩͻͻ
ʱͻȻһס
ѺСˡͬʱ߿ȥֻ
ӼʻλԹ񣬶ŵʱÿ꣬ɢɢһЩʮ˵һ֮ڳȥˡǸûѧʵģʮгϢµˣֻЩС£¸ûãʱһЩª븸ײҪ֡
ɫÿһЩȴһ֮Ƹˣҵһ֮Ʋ֪
˵գڹĲ֮
ݵʷź֮קһѰǣڳߵһͷȥ
Ц˵ûûˣ߱߳ԣԱ˻ͷ¡
ûüͣͻȻɢĹŵˣ׷۴мĿŹ
ЦУȥ


47 
Ѱѹ˰ȥʱ, ڹͷߴһϵķ硣ѹ˰ã͹һһƷĵȵ, Ϊټұ, ʱ˳ߪΪƷĹԱ
УԼĶ֮У, ϲĪڹ˰˰ʱ׿Ȼվ, Ŀ˲ɵӦΪѹ, 
ȻΡϲĶӣӵ, Ҫ·ȥò˵, ߾۵Ǹƥ򰵰䳰һ
뷢š
ɹȥá
Ǳ߹˰Ѿ˹õſڡ
ʱǹùԱֵĸ߷, ſڴԱǽɨϴ
Ȼûʲôӵ, ȴһæҵĳ
˶ʶѵ, ҪȥļԱʱͣ½ŲƷɻɸЦ
ɴһͬţվߣȹСʱѳͣ, ˰Ըƿӡ
һƶʱͷ
¹ٵȼϹ١
롣
Ĺ˰
ʱ̧ͷĻɵˣ
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ɵΣɹ˰ġ
ͷ˾鶨˿ڲǷǳɱܹѳ谮ĹӡСȴ֪һ
һʱЦǺǵ˹˰ȥ
ʮֺƵʣ˹ӡ
˰æ˵˽ҹ˰ǡ
ɣ˰үʲô£
˰ӦǺĸһȴӵ𡣡
еλʮܲүϲǰԼ֪ǲүĶӣλûûϼ죬ѾˡʮҲŵλϣѵһλҲǵӣ
϶ʱԽУðá
һ˽˹ã̸Ц̡
νͨףǰĺȣҲĺȡͣ˹õſڣŹ
˳ѵһԹ˵ףߵβˣ׿Ҫҵźţ
˵ڴĿŹѣѿδشϱһ֡
˷ܣ˵ӲѧǳҲ̫Ϊ˵ĵŸ׶ѧ㶫ϣײҪҡ
һϵʱɢˣ¶ЦĹļ˵ΪλԼĺӣȻ꣬źˡ
ֻϲлס
Ƚȥɣҽһȥ˻ܿ
һ̤򹤲ŵ̨ȥֶʱϵ飬е仵ˡ
ߵǰʱͥԺﵱǺò֡
СС촩̵ĹԱһΧ£Ź˰̸
һСӣһСɾһС˴ˡ
ɫˡ
ߵøʱۼĿ˹ѣһæ񣬷׷¹ټˡ
ס
ѿһ۹˰ɫģ˵ֵʱҲȥֵͥԺĪҪȥģ
һڹԱæȥ
ֻʣ¹˰վԭء
Ҳеţû뵽糯µô硣Լòø׾͹ˣǲԼ
Ҳ£׿϶ģȻҲ졣
ǹ˰ƲĻⲻᣬףڹʲô²źã
ѿŹ˰Ź֣ԼΪʲôϲӣΪúã׿Ȼ
ѶʱƷĵȻ֣˹Ķͷٰ¡ϤŰɣ
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ѣ࿴Ҳһ۾Ͷ໳Լһ֡ǹðܵ˵£
˰Լĸ׹ֱƲߵȥжԼúͲһˣԼҲעִ磬ҪٳƸףӦóƴˡ
˿ûùׯΪ
߹õſڣ˵ĸС˶Ѻ𡭡һϵ֮ĿͰѳʹȥ
תҪȥǡȻײֵ֣˹
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⼸նһֱǲֻ̲ķǳº޺ʵԽòԽԶ
֣˹Щʱǿһֱϰµġ
ǽ죬֣˹ϡ
֣˹֣˹к簡ϸֳһЦݡ
Ц磬ʮ˸еС
֣˹ȴֻо˲ܾвõҪˡ
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ֵһ׮£Ҫ˵֣ҲҪϲϲ֣ˡ
˰ĺܽż֣˹һݣŶʲô£ϲң
ǹԽԽ䣬֣ϾҪһɽǺ£񲻵ùϲ
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Ҹ׽մһλְܹܵλܵʮ˰ǳĲòѣܸϲ֣պһ϶ʡʡȹϲһˡ
֣˹֪ǲԼĴܾù˵⻰⡣
ʱ֣˹ֵ縸ȥպͲڵˡô˲ûг¼ֻ֣ҸдǶԲס֣ţҸõʱ򣬴ޱȹգһġ
֣˹һⷢʱ;Щ֡
ܸоһ
ʱȴ֣˶ԴĹԱʣֹһգǰڡ϶Ҳޡȡءյġ
˵ţ֣˹ЦֺǺǵģȻ֣˹ļڲ·ڴ̤ȥ
֣˹
Źͦļ米ҧҧ촽ʮԥ
룬ĵǹ˰ǸӣѾǵӡʧȵĻᣬڻǰɵѡǽͷٵԼεºܣȻܶԶӡޱȹա
ƽһξƷ̼
ʱ򣬹¡ɽйǰ׼׼֮УʶµҲǷġ
Ҫúδשʯߣ
Ҫúδľͷ
ɽй޽ܹʦ˭ΣͼֽŶЩ˲룿
ͼֽ֮󣬽ĶľȱȽɽйģʹ͸ϣ

ɽй޽һǳʱ飬ҲǳڼΪשʯľҪ޼·ǴСֵ¡
ӽȻЩԱһһ˵ţеĻΪû˯ãżǷ
һţһֽķ˼˱ɵ
ȹģе̲סһվһĹ
ҲעʵźȥԴ塣
˺һŶһ顣
ɢ˻ᣬ
ϵڣߵѸǰӻͳһ˲ᣬԹѵˣЩʱڵĳɹһġ
ѿźһ˲ᣬŹʱ㶡
˹һ˼ҳϲ
ֻ˲ϸԱȺϸע
ʡľͷƷߣǮɵһɽʱǮ١
ľͷƷʵ֮ͬǮɵһɽʱǮ١
״ʡľͷϴ֮Ǯɵһ
שʯߡ칤ӵȵȵȵļ۸񡢹̣оٵһ
˲һùıȶԣǻңܻȼʮҡ
Ѷʱ˲ʱ֡
ʹ¼һҪʲôʹͣ


48 
ϴϲ, ƽ޲ܹˡ
ûżڣһյȻվڹ, ַǳ֮, Ѻһڲ֮󣬶̲ס۾αܡ
Ź΢а׷ͷڵ, ӸŸѧ£ĺ, Ǹ׵ĹͿ, ĲãҲǶԼֱ԰ϸ׵æѾ˷, ֻܹٶѧЩ, ܹ游׷ǡ
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Ѷʱһֻ۾һ۹, ֹɫϿ, Ľһʱá
Ѹ۾ʣ°ĺãֲҲӦõģ̿֡
ᰥһӦ, ˵øʲôʲô˹ֲ£ֻǶ, ڸĲ¡
Ѷʱ˫Ŀ, 
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ǰ˹̿ʼʱ򣬹ֵרŵĸԱȥ飬һӦž㵽ѻϲ飬Ӿǡ
Ȼڹ˵һݲĲ£ѳһ˵ʲô
שʯľ
ЩѾͲòҪôôҪΪҶӣҿ㣬Ʈˡ
·˿ûиоѵ΢΢еİżȻ˵ɽйʱʩ˵ǧ˲빤£ڸָ⵰Ĳ¡
ʱ㵡
ҪʳܹܵĲ
ţʮĵҪܽ°ãУѾ֪㣬Ĳ¾ҲһĺáʳܹܵĲ£첻ãԸ
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óԸֵķǳϲѿͷŰŹŸڲ岻֡Ҳֵ顣
һߣ
֣˹ЦֺͰԹ˰˵Сӣ˽⡢ֹܹһ˵ĵطЩȫܳ£ȻܹԹͨ͸ʱɽй޽˴ٶԹСίΣҲܽɵƯƯܹ˴˰Σ
˰һһһŵĴܣֿüѻɽľڣɵЩɡ
Ÿãȷʲô֪Ҫúõ˽ͨ͸ܹõ£Ϊºɽйʽ׼
ǹ˰ͷ֣˹˵Ȼˣұȴӵʼ𡣡
֣˹ʱЦԽ塣
ӣԹ˰ǹСæţ⻹е飬ʧˡ
˰ͷ
֣˹Ҫ߳ķŵʱ򣬹˰ͻȻ֣ˣ
֣˹ʱͣ˽Ųת˰
˰ʵһ£֣ˣˡҹĸʲô£
֣˹΢׺͵Ц˵ĹӰĹڹ˴˹˲赹ˮɨأ˵ЩڣҲ˽⹤µ飬ֻ˵ԸŹ˴ˣΪ˴˶˲赹ˮˡ
˰Щ㵡
֣˹ʣСӻ𣿡
˰Ӧ¡֣ȥæɡ
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˰ֻǸƷĵˣţ
Լ˵ֱԸһ㡣
Ȼһʼǹ˵µȷ̹ˡ
˰֣˹һߣ֣˹ղ˵ĹĻɵҡҡͷ-ȻôָϲҲһ֮۽羹ȻūˣǣҲֻЩ˲赹ˮĻˡ
Ϣʱͷ꣬ˮţ紵ˮƮϡ֣˹͹վһ𣬶ԹС˵Žڵ飬ʼմº͵Цݣ֣˹˵ˣҲûʲôӦ
֣˹Щ
һִ˵ͨ˿ζ
ʱµһ԰ժƬˮҪҶӣҶ٣ҶӴת
֣˹Ʒĵ27ˣƷƷһ֣ʵеĽ֪֣ûȤһ׮⣿ʵڸ˸Ĳ¡
֣˹΢
ʿŹ
ЦһЦ˵֣ʮ࣬ƷѾǵˡƷٺ»һ²ʮ߶ף˽⣬֣˼ĸŮڻ֣ͣˣڿ⿰ǰ
֣˹֪ʲôҩ
ʱָҶѾתˣҶ٣˹ָ֣˹ԥ룬ȥ
˵֣꣬˹۴㵡
վֱˣЦŵΣ
֣˹Źԥ֮ɫԡ
Ҳżֻ֣˹ļȻ˵úÿǿǣؼŻظңɽй޽²ſʼˡ
˵գЦתȥ̤ȶý
֣˹ŹıӰвɵøпԼͣиȨĵ̫ˣ

żѵԺȼ̴㣬ζľĹЧȻȻûжżʲôá
żѳ鳭ųžͻȻЪ˹ëʺݺݵĶ̨ݺݵڵϣӶݺݵƷˡ
顢飡飡
ƾʲô
ƾʲôһھȻ˵ӣ
ƾʲô

żЪ˹﷢йһͨίٵڵϣ涵ͬʱ۾ȫǺ⡣
ȫսս˵
ʱӳʹһɫڰ֣һ£ﰵؿ־塣
ӻǰżߣ˳ıȰˣҪòʧ
żѿ˵ֻҪһ뵱׾СԺҪһҾ£һԼﻹֵ֣ܵôԽһ
ձүأҾ;òס΢һЩҪǼǺʱū飬ǰ淣飬ԻᱨǱңҵӣҲ϶뷽跨ʹӡ
ѹѹɣȻ˵ӣԺҪҵӷֶҲǺãǺãһձŶȥдд
ӼżԽ˵ԽԽ˵ԽæοˣʮѾ沮үȥֵʮܲүϲү񱻷ֵע϶֮ǰӡ
˷ģⲻ˶õġ
żһ˳˹ؿȻĺˣһҪѹѹȥͷԽͷҵӱԽѹһͷҾ鷢
һְˣ
Ӵ˴һż˵ˣǵĸǵҲеǷ
л˵
飺ðÿ춼αװСղأؽұ࿪v˵ղز໡
󱦱ղһ£ҿvԿڷ
ҵԻȥֻ˺Щmm


49 
Թõ鿴, ȻڽڹߵСˡùѵġ
ԭߵĵ֣˹һˣġǳ, Ѿǹõĵˡ
ĳ̶һ㶼ڴСĹ˹ܼҹȫ
˹ܼҪΪĹѵĸֹ¡˽, ֻȥѻ㱨㱨顣ﻹǹڹǰ¶Ķࡣ
ùѹ棬軨һΪ, лļ죬Ѿ», ûϻ仹޵Ŀš
һֵ, ͹˰ݵ͹˰һһҵķ
ɫƽ, ·ˡǹ˰ЩӦ
Ȼ, ú, ãѹƾ˰ʾ͸ϲ, Թ˰ɳһ·˳˳ˮ
ûźˣ
ʱʱ̶̿Լλ˵, ˰޷ܣҲ˳Ӳ
ĬĬĿֻĬһ䣺ͬ˲ͬ
ȴһ˳ģŹ, ְݵʸŻ
ϵ̨ףֻ˰ߣﾹȻЩζ, ʱת, ֻѾǣˡ
ʱüͷ
, æĵѸǰ״ˡ
ȻȥϹʲôá
һԵĹ˰ʱ΢ңΪȥͻøۣΡ
ɻûȹ˰ǻԭλ˵鷿£㲻ңȥʲô⻰һҲ֪𱸶һЩǿءϲһЩˡ
˰¶ԥ죬ЩΪѵ˵ףʮĲȻĥҲáҲãֻȶӸġӿʮڣ㡢ŰǣȥҪˣó潥ָ࣬ӣζҲøóʱ򲻷㡣ֻϳЩҽҩӷΪ
Ҫж
˰ͦͦţù˵ĺøߣ֪֮ͺá
˳ۿ˰ЩԵýӣٺõɫٺõҲˡϵ£ߣùԱ¶Ź˰ԽĲ
ֱһ䣺ֵܶʲô
˰ʱɫͱˡ
ֶԹ˰䵭ĵ㲻Ҫȥέ«ѧֵ˻ȥѵҪέ«ҹҹźã
˰ɫס
ǣӻȥȥ
һȥֵ½㡣
˰ŭĹѣһʱֻš
Щ˵һ£Ҫ㣬ʲôΪӸ٣ΪΪ֮ǣӱΪǣΪδ˼֮£ش˼ȫΪ֮
йʱѵչΪ
˰һϴ𱸣ʱϥһڵϡ
ףӲģĲģҲ֪׽ɢɢô硣Ҳˣˡ
ѺһЦҿҡҵĺܡȥ˹ûΪԼڶȥƷΪԼǶҵĹӡµĹԱһһСӡСɾСˣ֪ĻΪҹĳ˿ģ
˰£ѵȦ졣
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˰Ϲ񣬹΢Ĺǡ
˰
Сˣ
֪׻ߣⲻԼ
֪˰ôȻһᷴҶȰ·ˣ㻹զأ
˴ܹˣ
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԰ᣬʹ֮ʫʸ踳֣֮Զ
΢΢˿֪д
Ҫδˡ
˴²żҪˡ
ȴ԰֮⣬һ԰ΪȺá
ӵ๫Լ͵С๫ţ󣬱Ⱥ԰
Ⱥ󻨻ܲ°ǧʱǧ涷޵ʱ
ʵ۶ЯһȥȺͻ˵Ȼ֮䡢֮治԰԰֮дﶬļ֣֮Ⱥ֮ʵΪ
Ӵ˺󣬶ÿʱҪһδᡣ
βδһߣ֮罻֮ء
ʣ࣬ûЩ⣬˷ζϻЩ򣿡
д֮ҿԹʵ
һԹ˵»
ѿŹʣô»
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žù⼫á
˵⻨˭
ЦŵףǶǱʫѧȻˣһ˳ʮ
ӳˣҹʮˣҲҵӵΪ׷ˡ
ԼղŲſڽѵ˹˰Ǹ֮ǡ͸ĵˮ©
һʱûбȹõˡ
ѵȥҹǣ˵һ˵Ǻϼƺϼơ
˹ѵݹһ˵ǡ
º󣬹һӹǱߵĶԺȥֱӻԼԺӡǩװҪţ׳ͷ
׳ǰԺź
׳üһ棬Цʣˣ
׳ͬʱʣģ
һ֡
׳𾴵ĻعȥⷿϯϯŵЩãЩˡǡʶһˣȥһˣӶϯ˯ҲЩ
׳ԼϯгƹܹܼܿⷿңܹܼҵżѵޡӣʱȻ
ͷ׳Ҫȥһ˴ӵԺһȥ𣿡
׳һԵȣҷ¶
ſڵһ׳׳Ľ˶̤̤ܿͷ˶˻ͬһȥ
ӷñ߹ˣԺ߹ǸڸǵʵʵĹʱ̲ס
׳ˣ˵ӣÿξԺ鶼ܺõӣ
𣿡
׳û𣿡
һЦ̴̨״ȥǱҶĺ˳ŵ̰ԺǱȥ
·Ϲ׳ȥ˶ԺǻҪȥǡ
׳ɻ󣺡ȥʲôʱ˻Ҫȥ
ˣȥӡ
׳ڣǲҽ𣿡


50 
ҩʱ־Щҩĥɷۼ, õҽҵһʱǣȥ׳ͦϲģ㲻֪, Ȼ, ÿ׳ʱҶι
׳ڹ˵ЩЦ۾𣬡ԴҸ˹, ÿʳҲָָܹп
ֻÿʳи㣬ҡҡͷ, Цżǰߡкܶ˲״, ˵ľˡе֪㳣֣˵ľ׳ˡ
ԺԺʱ, ϯ÷á
һ¹Ž, ӭײϯͯ, æ˳ȥÿ·, վһ߹ϯһ
ϯ, ̲סͣ½ŲĿֱֱŹĿ⣬ǫ𾴵Ļ΢Ц
ϯкø΢, һ˵ɣ
Ӧһ,кηԸ
ϯԸ̸, ϵҲ, ȳɵӣѧ
û뵽λϯ˵⻰ҪҪԺ顣

ǴżѶȻźúö飬ǰ漸ʮúõ²﹫ӡ
ǡ
ϯлʣڱ徭ֻδȫȻѧ֮Ĳǣٹһ꣬ͨЩ徭ˣѧ̻壬ʱ
ϯ˵徭ֶϲȫҲЪ˼ڽ̵֪ʶĿĶڿƾ٣ֶûȫǻɽ׶Ρ
ҲֻǿΪˣˡ
ϯԹ˵н࣬ѧ֮ģżǡ
л̻塣
ϯᲽ˹ֱ޲׳վڹһ䣺λڹ㵱ɨ۵ʱͶ࿴ɳһ֣
ǲԼЦûɹǻᣬЩ΢΢ͷ׳̫ࡣʱҲѧõվ̨ʱСĲȹҵ֣ƤӶû̧һ¡
׳ʱѾԶϯݺݵķ˸ۡ
ЦҪ̫࣬еǵʱ߷·ǻˣʱ߱㶼ǺˡطϣԼ͹ˡ
׳һŹ߽ȥѧá
ӡӵͯŹһһ񣬹һһĻЩ½ѧãԼԺȥ
ͯѾʰУմ뿪ѧãŹˣԹĲϲ˰ۣ廹ڿĹ˵磬ˡ
ʱ鱾̧ͷ⡣ֻһɫ䳤۵Ĺ̤ȴݣһȡ
Թ˵úĸ硣
ЦһҲ䣿
΢΢üû˵ʲôϾҲôõġ
ҴģǶ࿴һ۶ҾˡֻҪΪ˻ԺﲻóҾ
Ҳñ湦򣬲Ȼø֪ˣ׿϶᲻ˡ
ֱӻصʲôҲҸɫǳɵӾǵӣ˵ΰˡ
˵ʲôѾ˴ӺųȥʱҲѾߵǰţмĴϸն
һºģֱŵ
޲ȴһ㲻ϲңϲ㣿
߽ѧã׳ſվסŲˡ
̧ͷŹԹһ񣬵ӡ
ʱ´㵣ϵȻѾףѾУӣ
Цֻүٰ̧ˣʲôӣӼЦˣһģµūųģ֪֮
米΢΢ֱֱùʶࡣ
Ц΢΢˵ԹǳϿҵ˵˵нգӶʩԮ֣ȻͱֵѹڸͷȥˡҸӴЩСǺЩɶԼģӲҪ
ӷ£
źһȡʮöǩ㶡
һۿǩǩϵο̻ˣһʮӱδ
ٴοͼҲȤ
ЦŶ԰ȵĹ˵ӣ˵ЩõĴԺǱߵӡ
ʱԹøжһЩ˺Щʱɣ
ԭЩСֵֺܵģǴҾǣǻǸ
ʱڴ鷿ֿӣû֮˼ȥӽʲôȱҲֻЩԼСС⣬ԸлӵԮ֮顣һʱˣЩªӲҪ
ҡҡͷĺܺã˼ɣҿʲô飿
£͹档
ȻӻͳһԹ˵Ӵϻۣүзݲʹôȥ
˹һδ԰
ͷ
ȹյ˵ˣţ漴ʣȻķӣΪʲô㲻ԼҷĹҲϡӹͣҲøҡֺҡĸ㣬ū󣬺ֱҹɣ㱻׿ص·϶谭Ϊ鱻׽㡣֮䣬Ҳûֵ壬֮Թ
ʱҪǻ֣̿߻ңȻ䷢˵ԼżȫԹޣ϶š
˴ƤӣһϵЦݽʧˡ
Ź񣬻˿˵ӣѡǲƽġеһڻʼңòеһӪ
˵۾ʲôģͱˡ֮Ĳ𣬾֮Ĳ𡣡
˵ֲԭһԴĸףӦĸԹޡĻԹޡ
ȴǿЦҡҡͷӴԲӡ
ʣѵûĻԹޣ
ΪԹҪԶ
٣
Цһ͹ˡ
ס
ŵܶѾܺá֪ˣֻúõάסڵ֪ʵһֱһˡջʱջģιʱιġ˷ȥҹ㣬Ҳġֻң˽졣
һжֻ컯ŪˡǷŲ¹ȥԹԹǸʱܲԹҪŽ챨챨ǸʱܱꣿʵȫԷģʵʵˣֻϣ»СС»ˡ
˵ԷԹˣֲ˼ӽз˷ģĲҡңط뷨ӴѹңһͷүݹׯӵĲʹԶԶ˾ǡ
ŹԴǿУһʱ
ɫÿ˺ܶ࣬ԹԽЩʮ㾯衣
˵ǰֻһµūţѾǵӣǵ쵽ˡ뿪ȥׯҲʧΪһ·һԼҶһ߻ܱūź򣬲ź˵Ļơ
Цţæ֪⡣
Цһ˵뷨Ȼĸ˵ʱ򲻽Ϊ㣬ɷġȴɽй޽֮ԼѰʱȥ븸ׯӵĲ£ԶԶ˾˫á
ͷʾͬ
Թֵдյͳһֵܣúĥĥ
ʱվԹһˡҲǳʶֲȫֻӳ̴ˡ
Ϊ׷ǣΪ£̸ࡣ
񣬡ͲŴӶˣǡ
΢һףȥ
߳ԺΧȥ
ȥǵ·˶ӣô˵ʼչһº͵Цݣ˾׽
ǣ׳һϴˢŴڵƨɣһ߿ŸϴˢëĹʵӣĴ뿪ȥׯӰ
ԣϵˢһͣƳȥһųĿ⣺


51 
òߵһ, Ҳֻȴǰùһ㣬ʱ˿̾ˣɵö˱ϥ, ̸ֱͦˣ
ϴˢɾ, ǣǱߵĲݵߣҲøëʱҩۡ
ֺ׳ϴˢϴˢ
ͬʱ, ۹ᱻ˰ȥעżѻӣѾ˹˰ǳϢ
żһδ, ﶾпõĲݰ, һΪЩô̧̧
æȰοżѲҪӣһ, ܱȵǹӳͣүǹδ԰Ĳˡ
żѶʱɫÿЩ
ֻҧ˵Ǻ
ӵĪĪż, δȥ֮, еǷӽйֲãĥ಻֮ʱ, һڶ
ż, ޷յףԸˡ
ʱǱߣǧƺڽ§οЩҪȥ, ٣źᱼǺãǺðүֵһ죬ͱѪͷ, ҿĶѽҿĶѽ
ǧưķ˷ۣ㲻һӲǧ㲻ͦ
ǧȴʮֵǵĶû¶㡢ûµ, ʮүϲ, ֻһʱˣձˡ
𣿡
ǧƣģ

׳ˢļƥ׳ѲǱˮʪǱʪ̤¹Ժ
׳Թӣ˰ɣҪҪһͣ
˵ˣϻʳã˯˯һ䣬ӱ㹾๾

׳
Σ׳ӣڳʱĶ࣬ûмӲͣ㿴ݵģҹݲʣҲӼӲ͡
׳˵⻰ֵòС
׳ӣ±ԲԴǷζ
Цȴǵ֪ûУûбˡ
׳ϲɫ˵Ҹ𡣡
֮ûп㣬ǿ˴лһˮŵĴϺ׳Բ⽣
׳һջһ˵ԣֻҪǹģɶԡ
ӣϺһǳɣƺϺ֮󣬺ߦƤҲ١Ϲȡ
Ϻеֶ࣬Ϻûб䣬òҪҹ룬ߦЩƤӣȵ⽳˹Сл׳һһԹ֮ʣµĶʮֻԪС⽣ŵ͹һըըý࣬պϼ˴׵Ķһҧȥۣб¼֭
ֽˣ׳ʣҪûȥҹԣ
Բô࣬˵ġʱæѵ˳Ҳ޷
׳˭
֪ˡ
׳ʱٺЦӣĪλƯŮ
һۣʲôˣԶ˰ӸŻ˰ɣ
׳ֻɵЦ·𿴵ȶ
ڰЩʪ·ϣżȻɵ΢ķ紵Щʪ·ϣ˵λС½첻һ⼸æµ˵´ˣóԵһֱû᲻мѾÿһζǳڴĵַǳʧĻȥ
һ뵽ﾹȻЩܡ
λС£ӦҪϾ֡ѡϵϾλСµݣԼ֮
¹ٲҲܺһվͬһ߶ѡ
Լݡäܱ¶ġ֮ûʲô塣
οСճѾ㻹ˡ
Ӻɻ̨̣ףԺ·ϣԺΧǽģûӰ
ûпγĪЩ䣬ֲòԼʵһ
׳Ѿ߹ԺˣҲûпֽŵС͸λ룺ǲûԷԼãԼ˶ԷȴûʱÿιԺʱ򣬶һ㣬ƽʱˣ϶ԺĳλŮ͵ǹӵġ
ߵˣͻȻͣ½Ų
׳Ҳͣ
˵Ȼȥɣҹͻ
׳ʱ˵Ц˵ǹҾȻȥˣЩû¶Ҹӱˮ£궫ϴϢ
׳Щ׳ǰȥԼתȥԺΧǽʱγѾ˵ԡ
ΧһƬ˲ȥƼͷˡ
룺ȻγС⽣һԣźá
ԵʱԶԶվסˡ¹Բε̫·ڣγţһ֦Ҷ֦֦ϵĻѩףϮ˵ӻ
ˮɫɴγ۾ĴӺͺɫĳڷвơ
վ̨ϣһĻЩʧ
ɱˣ
ǡ
ɱģ
֪߶С
Ϊֻɫķǳ֮߹Լ
һ̨˹ȥ
һξ룬γ˹ĽŲ
Ȼ㣬
˭
ûг
γʱϲ
𣿡
ССЦУγɴµ۾ʲô״סγ֡
γԹԵĸͤȥ߶߶ĸ˵Ż⼸ǲرæѽҶüˣҲûм㡣кζȥʲôѽ⼸е㲻
Ųһ١
γ·ҲСϸ˹Ĺĺ͵ǣԹû¶Ǹоͷе
ͤȻӻͳһӵ˵γָ棬
γסˡ
㡢㻹ҽ
ûγҲͰһָһְֻ˰
γ̲סսЩֻܿһģԽԽһЩô
γд˵Ҫ˶ϸԣһţ̡ͷҸ㲹̱ԪСҩϼƿ
γŶһԼûʲô¶ָ
ֽ򿪣˱Ƕγʱͽӻ֦ϥϣһС⽷ŽҸ
úó
лл㣡
̲ס
ÿκγһķɡ
ʲô롣
ֻҪγ;ֺҸĸо
۾ȴֹۿʣʵܴ
ϢĶ΢һ
γʣĻģšʱ˶Ӧûˣİɣá
γӻǲģдûسֻС⽺±Ĳ
СǸŹ¶ԺԺѧģܶ
±ڿҳԽ±ԽӦ֡
γͺ˲ˣοôóԡң˳ԣʲôᡣ
дܳǸ
γʱֵӣȻֵ㻹ҽţǶŶաһǸˣǸϹ㻹Ը˵˵㻹Ǹĵˡ֪㳤ʲôӡ
дһ㡣濴˱㲻ٿˡ
γҡͷЦ¶СرɰҲţҲŲţȻֻܿһӰӣҿʱĳȣֻĺŵ˲߳ĲȻţȻԼĹ֮й֮˼òͨҲи˵ڣ濴ˣֻῴ˵һۻ࿴ڶۣŲῴ˱㲻ٿ
дݡ
γٺһ֡
ȳС⽣γ΢˻дɫˣϽȥ˯ɡҲҪȥˡ
γʱͷ
ǣֵΧǽߵĹγҪȥȥʱʲôƵվȻס˹֣ϵӻ˹ġ
ʹ۾ͷŹЦݿɰϲ˵ҿɲܴȥñֿ˲µϳ
ڵӻ֦
Χǽߣγҧҧ촽ԥһԹ˵㡭üûǲʵҲǸϹӣңҪҪ鷳ԺԺ󡭡ҲԵģϰһ˵ġǾϲ⡣˵ҲЦΪסڶ˶ҪҹʱԼܣûԸ׽ҡ㡣
˺üΣǸáֱּں﷭
ֻҪ˵á֣պʹҩͲٹҪ˽ᡣ
áֶˣû³
д˲£æĺܣǹû鷳ǲ׽㣬պֻҪ硢ʱ䣬㡣
γסˣϲЦտ
Ȼס˹
лл㡣ϵ˵
δ˺׽γǵһγԵǵСܡ
ϲķ⡢򵥡ɾ
ֽ˽̧γͷļʳĪζ
ҽбҪϣʱʱεӳڼͷϣôϢ
γֶҪҲһεӣǲ֪ΪʲôǾĪϲ


52 
γԺ֮, ҲԼԺȥʮָӣսӻ֦, ˻֦ϵҶ, ֻһ·Щڵ֦ӻζŨ𣬷·ˮҺƻ͸һ㡣
һ·˼ר·ԼԷǰ棬ʱ򷿼ô, ׳ӹԷﻹľͰ
׳һϲ, 漴ӻ, ϲʱ¶Цݡ
֪ˣˣڵ, Ϲ룡ʲôԺƯСŮСŮ, ⸱Ӳ14, δˣ뷨
׳Ц¶, һĵͷ, ϵûʲôҲû˵ʲôӣΪʲô
ûţ׳ûôˣϽ˯ȥ, ﲻ㡣
׳ЦԽˣʮֿеĵӣҪȥҸƿŲⷿһ֧Ϻõİƿ, ʵ͸, ûʱ֮, ֦һӻƥ䡣ȥù
׳ƽնԹ˵㡹˵ĶǡȤĹ䶼ѪˣϽƱʮ㣺Ҷ˵˲ǣȥϴˡø˵
˵ŽԷȥ
е㼱ٵİŹϡ
׳̲סҡҡͷ˵͹ò˼ϲˣǲ֪ԺλСŮúòÿ޶湫ӻĸס
һһĿⷿȥĿⷿŵĺܶࡸءĶӣǽʱ͵
ȥҵһϸİƿ͹ȥ
˿֪׳ʲôСŮֻһλ֮ĵ¡
ϴð˾ϥǣ廹ᣬǰһʱϥǲþѾöˣ˵
㽫ζҩĥɷۣ׳ߵ֧ĴӱߣƿӴӴ˹ϡ
׳۾Щȡ׳˵ôϽ˯ȥ
׳ǹûˣҲ˯

봷һ١
׳ڹʯǰֺǺǵ뿪ˡ
һʼҩĥɷۡȥֵݵʱʱȥߣŹһ֣һʮֵļСͷָĻﶼУҪǿкõҩģҲϲһЩ
ʯһ¡һµĥҩģʶûȥƿӣǵȵһҩݶѾӽʯĥ֮󣬹̧ͷĵһۻǸԳƿĿʶĿͭˮӻ
һ㡢һ㣬ҲŰŵͭš
ƿ߹ȥѻ֦˽ȥֵ˵ˮ
ƿӻڷȥȻ˴ǰϡһϨ˵ƣϴ˯
¹ʱ͸˴ǰĵذϡ
֪˶ãִӴƿŲ˴ǰԲβ輸ϡ
ˣ
ǻĪ

δǾΪʢ罻һŷС﹫ӡŹŮʮֵ֣
δ֮׼ĸӵʢԭǹļλӡҲˡ
ӹһȻǵú֮ܶ͡Щ˵ܱʶ߱Уֻܸӡ˵ϼ仰ǼΪ˵飬˵ֱϡ
һЩ˼ңδᣬҲǴĿĵġ
һչ罻

ͻܡ
չ罻ͻܺ⣬ΪҺôͻȻһӼǳ˵ӣ֪Ǻεòʲôǲ˵Ҳɽס
֪Լ϶ᱻܶﰵ￴
ǳɵӣȻֻǼ磬ûв͸ǽٰĵڶ죬Ͳ²в֪ŵˡ
һκĺ棬￴ġĺүعٿ߷᡹Ӿ糡Ϊүôʮ־Ӧԡ
οżѽдˣһҪԼʲôԼǰˡòĸ߶̾ͻ׹̶
ŹӭһõˣЩ˶ʶģеĴеûУ˶ʶ
֣˹ʱظѼʱᳶһѹӡ
ƤӴ룬ʱߵѵߣԹѵףʱˣǲŵû󶼲һɢ˳ȥʹû׼һЩ̻
ѵͷȥ
ʱһȻ̤ȥˡûֱȥҹ˹ܼңһٵűߺͽڸµ֣˹档
֣壬ʲôҪҪ˵һѯ
֣˹š֣塹ƺ๣һ¡ҪйƤγڻֻһƷ
֣˹̾һ˹ֶԹ˵ĹӣµҲƣýĹ֪֣˹Ȼų켺Ҳǲʶ̧ٵˡĹԸҺǼĺһ𷢲ƣҺǸм
ҽδȫΪڹְĸЩȫǶţɴֻ߹ӣǲĳӡӣ֣֣Ѱ¥Ը褺˺Ⱦһ磬֣֣˵δҪȫĺ¡
΢΢㵣£
֣˹ʱѲһ⣬Ÿ˵Ǻεĺ¡
ü˵Ѱ¥޼ɵ˵Ҫҵ飿
֣˹ԺֲɶɫֻһˣԵԺּҵĵۣͷһ磬м㣬С޷죬Ǿİ֮ס
̣İôˣ
ȴ޲֣˹һֵл˵棬ġ
֣˹ΪżĹС£Ȼˤˡװ֮òҪ潻档Ĺθ褽Թ
üβ˵ʶ
֣˹ʲô쵽㣡
ظһ䣺˵Ҹƽʶ
֣˹ǡΪΰ
ǹ˹ЦŵҼҷūŵʱѹңٱүȥԼңֶԸδҪҪǶָۣ˵պ󹤲Ҳˡ
֣˹ǡǿǧܸ褶ϡ
֣˹ĵӣҷģ£ˮڡ֣ȥ԰ɣЩͬҲȾˡﻹ£㡣
֣˹ת첽ȥֻȭƣ˺ôһ
ǧȽ褵壬򡭡ٲ
ҵ˹ܼң˵Ҫ׼׼Ķ֮󣬱ſڣ͹ѡ񡢹һͬӭ͡
ѵĶŮڶ࣬ӭпҲãӭŮҲãֶ㹻ټѵأδҲֻٿһΣһжæɡ
վڹѲһϴиɻЦݣȴѹС˶Թ˵ղҪǸЩиԺܼһйȫˣٲûĸףҪǺЩ﹫ӴýʶҲóɹϲȦ
ʱף˵ʡã׷ġ
£ʱ򶨱Ĵǰͣ˼ֻķдһԡ֡
¶Ц˼֣͵ױȲùһʱѾϲ
ˡ
ûü½˼λС㻹һλźֻɫ۵Ĺӡ
ūƷŶǵſӭ
ȼѣЩ˷׷׺̸
ѵǶԼˣôʲôǼ⡣ؾԼҸһú硣ףû
ֻɫ۵褶ԹѹһøˡѾƷϲҪģҹ˷纮ˡߵʱ绹Ľδᡣ
ο˼䣬Ҫúúţֵʱǡ̸Ųؿס
ʱһѳ˵Ҵû
褴ȡһɰݸһϲЦտֺǺǵĵҾ֪ã
褹ЦԹ磬ܵܿԶˣǰ׸綼ȥˡ
ǡСӡ֡
ʱˣѻûǳ⡹̤ӭˡ
Źȥ
͹һ
ʱʹ
¼ūӡ
мĺһԹҷģʹһ˫֮ƣȻٲĸ۰ңزί


53 

ܹùѳ̨ȥӭӵ, ֻһڻӹˡ
Ĳ࣬ӹλ
Ļӡ˻ӡ
ʮһʮ
ò˵ٴ˵ԭӭ⼸λˡ
Ȼʮһʮ, ʮ, ŹĽʮ񡢹ǰģôֻйϡ½ӵݡ
ʮʹյ˹ĸǰ, ǹ
ϵЦиɻع, ¾ǹ
ʮʣ£㵱ˣ
ع, ְ¸²пܳΪ¹١
ʮʣѧʣдļãʵĵǺǱߵĹԱȥ鷿ģѧʺǶǼõġ
⻰׷׿, ֪
صع, µѧʺֵһ, ²һƬҶ»ơ
ʮʱһ, Ҳһ㶡
ʮŵδǹ», ¿Ըƿٻ춹оŴСӼһƺúȡ
ʮʱϲЦտǺãһΪ
һһһΪ
ĻӰ˻ʮһʮﱻˣѲŲɵ΢΢ȵʣô֪ʮϲԾСӣ
Ӵͨҽ, ӶζΪСڲʳʱ䣬ʳֹ˺ܾãһ㲻ζʳһ㲻Ŵֲ׿˻Ķ, ֻǳʱġظר׼Ķ, ϶ǹԵĶ
˵, 㲻ԡ´ˣҲ޷
ֻҪתƿͺá
Ŀ˹һۣ˵Ǵʦ˵ǾǿǴʦû˵Ǿڶùǳ֮
෴ǣ￪ʼ²۹ġɫ֮ģ
񴹴Ƥӣֻù˵ͷ˵
ֲø׻ôϲ
ĵȷȷЩϡ
ּˣĲͬһۡˣ鹡
һǹšֵ֡
̲ס࿴ۣϾ֡ϻǱȽټģһչµ˽⣬ġ֡ӦƷʹּҡ
ּҵʹŹ٣겻ھӦֻŮ졣
ȻģһɫĹˣŮֻλŮӺͱС㲻һΧɴ
ˣǿŮӴֺçŷɵüëǳŨܽë
ֻһ۱㲻ٶ࿴
ۡ³ŮӶ޵Ĵ

ʱ˿Ļӡ˻ӡʮһʮȺ
˻ӣǸЩ˼
ʮһҲ
ʮ˵ƣô֪ϲԾСӣ
ĻӵоСӵζͦ˵ģ˵µˮ©Ӧʱ϶ֹһҳԱ˼仰ͰδˡŸˣ껹лӹ԰Щ岻֮ͣ
ʮţǡռұˣ
ĻЦЦûǿ㣬ԼԸռġˣúÿЩƯġͷҪȥܡ
γ塣

ͬѽӿͽӵĲ࣬һͬȥȺãдڿ͡
㣬ǧ죬ټһڹӹŮ²ʻòҲ㲻ףȺһƬ֡
Ѵ˴ڿ֮󣬱ҪλȨصһЩͬºȲ죬Թ񡢹ȥɣ˶һȥ
¡
ȥԼĺѡͬ͹֮ȥ
ʣ¹͹վͷϣ°һ̧߰ĶԹ˵˵СүҲ̧㣬ҲǵӵķϣҾ͸ѹѹ󣬴ȥʶʶˡ
ʱ¶ܳı飬Թ˶лӣ
߰һתǰеʱƲƲô
ڹ΢΢յδԱ˵ͻ£˵ȴǲΣֺá
˵ĵطж
춷ض˶
ֻƣƣ벻
Źһ˴ԹܵԼҸ褣ʶġ㵱ū͵ʱ褸ҲǳҼҵģӦüأҲزŶԡ
Щ˶ʱŹЦҲЦҲãȫų
ԣǵĿ⣬̹Ȼ˵˵ģҲʱͷĹȥ̤ǲ࣬ԼҸ硣
˼̹Ȼ˵Լū͵飬һ㶣Щ֪롣
һΣԹҵĹᷡҵĹҵĹɺ衭μҹӺʢΡ
һһ
һʮѺã˵ԭֵ֣ˮīл񼫼ѣȻȤҲ֪ûлһ
᷶ʱüЦ
ټϲҽյһԱսͷ־˶飬Ϊַϡ

̫ˣ̫ˣ

һȦ褣
ĹᱻȺ޵ݲһ
ʲôûֳһֵ˵졣
ȴǣеȥ͵ģܷŹ˽⾩Ļ᣿
Ȼܣ
ܹһû뵽ûдﵽĿģùڽ˾ĹȦ
Ź糤裬˶ˡĹļ΢ɲĳŹҡҡͷʾõġ
ߺദǢǱ߹ʱʱ۲ֹĺܺãҲ˿
ٹһյʱ䣬˻˹ȥԺСγ۾ãƫҲۡĻӰ˻ʮһʮѾͻ͵Ĳֵ࣬ܽˡ
ȥˡ
û뵽Լȥγ
ҲҲ֪γ᲻ϳԼ
һϣϳһϣϳìܼܿ͵Ժ
Ժ˽ȥ֮󣬵
ֻγ̫ʦϣĿ
Ŀ֮󣬲վͬ
Ĺӡ
Ŀ
γŹֻֻܿһģӰӣֻģӰеϤĸо
źۼĿ˿Ŀع·ɫԼ촩ɫһʽҲе
ײ˭˭Ρ
ȻΡ
عδᣬĿƽɲҪżߣúһС
عȺڴѾãФĹ˵ҲһҪȥġ
һЦ
Ȼγ£Ļӵ¡˻ӵͬʮһʮλ£ҲȺãǰȥ԰
γ̲һ˷Ҳˡ
΢΢졣
ܿҲˣγ֮һֱڶ͹ûʲôϵͬĸֵܽã˵ҲЩİ˰ˡ棬ȥһ
Ⱥ԰̺죬˸пĸп̾̾ʫ滭ڵģĿӣһƬģӰӣȥˣҲ֮ˡ
ѹȱȱ
ʱ΢΢ܡ
л˵
V뱦Ƕ֧֣лл
Լġ飺ðÿ춼αװС
ѷԵܲ尮ȸݣ
ǣӣȴϡ
̲סü
ú÷ʡʡ
̲סȭͷӲˡ
Զֻҵ֮
̲ס⡢⻹˼̸
һ˫ûⱾ۾
ѾԼڿһ۷ƿ׷ֲ᡹ʾܡ
ڶ۾ͷİһе
ͬʱϵͳ
ճһ֮ݺݵʰһСܡʧܣĨɱ
ճ֮Сܿ˵Ը⡣ʧܣĨɱ
ճ֮
ѣ
ѣһϵͳˡϵͳûлǾҪˡ
Сͨؿڣָץ²ϣɬ˵ϹɲԲҪô


54 
عͬγһγūǰȥȺ, ΢Ļһعռγǣһͬȥ
ϴڹõüĹӷ֮, , ϸܣʵڽĳп塣Ĺģ
ЦŶع˵˵ĿЦ, Ψ㣬ҲЧò˿ߡ
عʱɻ, ʣΪҪò˿ߣ
˿߱һĿȾ, ˿ڣ˿ڷõĿҪһЩѡ
عʱԹֵл
ؿ
һʱͻȻع, ԭع, ʱ˴˼ͷֿ
쵽ʱ, кһ
æĽŲͣЪ
ֱùʳͻҲ͵ò, Ⱥһ, еɢɢеĻȥͷϢеͶӡϡ
շԸ˽ͻʰɾǵҪ֮ǰðѬһ, ʱóࡣŴȥȺãһ鿴򹻲̫̱ҪˣͻȻһ, ֱȵĹ˹
һʵľ, һʮˣ
ǽ˼ԥһ˲, ʱʱ򣬺ݺһӺ˻ǵϣǵٶȷˡ
һʮܼͬҲˣæҪд
üë۵ҵˡ
ĵڳѪսľҪĵۣһѳסȻΧ˵Ժһˡ
ֵûʲô¶򡣴µʱȫһ˶ӵ¸Ҫġ
һˣǣ
¼򣬴̤ˡ
һӣĸӣԶ㿪ģĹˡ
ȺãԼͷϺûʲôˣû˵ĵطȿڲ衢һ˹ĹӣλӴʫ˵ȥǼһǣͷҲʫ
ˣָָģһ·
˱·
ǰȥ˷ɻԺֻ׼īֽ⣬д˸ֵǩͲиɫϹġ衣
ⶼΪʫ׼
ʵǻû𣿡
˵˵ʫ֣ҪһЩŮӡȻˡĹӣԵȣСĻв£ˡ
˻֣ʾȥ
˳ȥ֮󣬱㽫ϡ
ʱһ֧ͷԼ˿ڲȡ
ǲˮûվ
ᣬѸͳòˮʪȻס˿ڱǡ
ȥţȴʱѾ汻ϢסˡҲ汻
ʱȥ¯ȴ¯ҡ
Ĳ¯֮󣬶ʱͿһ죬ӶͷǺˮŮӡ
Ů̫бʶˣ
üëֺŨҸһëһ
üëмҲǴָëεµĴëס
ϵûëܵĺëֺŨҪŮһǣ˵ķװԲ˻Ůӡ
ѹҪɴ
ڴܴqingӰŮӾƷʹּΨһĹŮ
һʱ˼תǸ壬һͻŮ͵
ʱ򶨱һιѾԻλּҹһϵңּҿ»᲻Լ鷳ҪŪԼ
ͻȻ洫˽Ų˲࣬ʱͳӣ͵İѴãȻּҹͷȥ
ͬʱҲ߿
ž˴󺰣˰ץ
һܵĸˡ
ּܹҹڴϣΪʱֻҪּҹ·ŪңȻָܵһ군
û뵽Щ˾Ȼȫġ¡Ϊ֣˹˵ҪȫԼġ¡һòϵȵŮԼȴǰԼּҹһôqiang㡣
ּҹ·ʪ˵ģвաǱƭﻻ·Ȼˡ
ʱ֪ΪʲôҪּҹȫԼġ¡褿϶ľͶˡ
ּҹ̫ܲڲ̫ã䣬͸ļɽ԰С·Щ
ʱ򣬹Ȼγһһϯӡϯ޲ĲݵϣƵĺŹ
źγæźĻӰ˻ʮһʮˡ
ҲǣһϹ۵Ļʲôǰ;
ȻǳǧѷĻúӹǰֱ֣һܱعأ
һСʯͷͳγֱȥ
γʱ㷴Ӧ
ֻһģӰӶ֡
γʱ֧Ź߿첽˳ģСһȥСһ
£æ
γһ㶣ģ
һһĪС
γ߷ʲôôһù
˵ⲻλҡ
γæڰ֣˵еĲеģҲ̣ܰ˼ҹ
ô޳ܣ
ʱλﱻҩ˿ҩˡ°ҡ
γŶһԭ˵ӣ˷ܵĵͷûû⣡
ûһ۵ȴǿɽ΢һĵطγСºǵĹӣһλɴ˯Ůӡ
γСºĹ̸
ͷˣʣʲô£
ͷ˶ʱԹĹӵĻɻԺǷ׽
ʱվɶʲôƷ
һ
ͷ˵ûж
üĵŲһ飬ȻûǱд̿͡ϾλڡִעĿȥɡ
ǡ
ȵһȥ֮γ˺þöûеȵһ
ʱսʣģ̬ôõΪʲôûظһ
̲ס䣬ȴҪʲôظС¶ϲ̨ıһ
γʱԭλģ˼Ͷһ㶼һ
Ȼһ˼Ҷǽ󳤴ģȴǴġ
γʱ̾ϢһҲǲס
ֺǺǵЦγЦʲô˵𣿡
û˵ֻǾã˻²ҲÿģϾһ첻Ҳһ졣ϣԼܿĹÿһ졣£ͻȻһԴǷϿҵŵǶл㡣
γˬİڰ֣֮Ͳл
ʱּҹĺתڼγʱ򣬵лȻڻ֮УǶ粢ȫ޸֪
´ɴԹγһм
һּҹʹԼ褿ʲôϵ
ּҹ褡֣·ȻȥɫȻ԰ף촽ԹҼңǻ֮ס
γʱּҹγּҹﳤʲôӣҲòͬĿ
һһ˫һʯ֮ƣ
ֻҪּҹβּܸܺҹף
Ǻƣ
ּҹ촽રવԹ׾ǣαҪң
뵣׵뵣ӳҪң
γҲ򲻼ּҹﳤΣҪ뿴һ㣬µϲܿ΢һӡ
ǣĳɣǻͻ˼ҡ
˺ޱͨͨӹȥּҹʮĵллŲ˲ᡣ
ۼعʢּҹʶԷƷԲˣҲø׼ֹ֪ɷΪѰ
ֹʱһ㶣Լüë
ֶֻһ֮˵ĲǺ£ҪֹӦաëŨܣС¶
ֹһһʱʣзӽëŨ֢֮
ͷ˵ֹȥǰһдŷӸ㣬ҩԺݡֻպʳţ򣬾ʳࡣ
ֹһʱ֮ϲӯڽޡ
γһţȻȴֹⶨô˶ҽƵġ
ǰ߶˽ˣԼһЩСҩ裬Թ֮㲻ͷˡ
˼ҵĹӾȻë̫ï֢֮

ֵܣ
γʲôȫдϣֹʰʰȥ֮󣬹γ£Ƿһ飬õҵģҾƴǡ
γʱһ֡
ãһΪ
һΪ


55 
ڱһ·׻΢װ˸, ԭһڹǺȲʱ˵ЦӶʱ˱仯
Цݷ·һ򻺻ıȥ
˸褼֮ҴҶҴҶȥʱ˴ҴұӰٿɫѿЦݹҲס, ʱһ⡣
ʱ˸ڶһ﹫ӵλ, 㣬ȥ¡褸磬ͬȥ
Ц, ȥ»ұ֣Ҳ̫ˡ
Цǰ, Ǳ, ׸翴ɲĶϣ
˺ڵĴЦ
֮һɽȹսǴվ
սλÿͬʱûˣҲܿǰû͵ǵ֮أ
Цȫʧ, 褣褸, ˣʧˣ
򱡴, Թ˵ǼֲСϾ˴, , ǵ˸ա尵ͨǸϹһ˵, һ·ӡǸϹڣǵҲ࣬ȴ޷һɷң
ҼͯĿ, ԰ϷнǶ, ÿοŮӣϵĺëϵĺӶ˻, Ҳˡ
ֻҪһҪŮΪĸ֮ý֮ԾҪף޲ڱȥһ
üͷǳ褵ļ򣬶˵֣Ӻһ𣬵ײܳɻӣĹٻ˼ң͵ˣɵ档ֻҲ㣬Ͼõȷ˶ģϵĺëïܣȢȢ˸ӣֱȢӡ
褺͹ͬʱĳ࣬һʱ֮ͬʱ˺
ʱʵնԹԶʧˣǺã
褳üչ˼Ƭ̣Թշӳ顣˵ǵӣҲȲ磬ҪԸеǻᡣղִˣֽҶҪгȥ
˼˵ͷֵĵʵ᷿ɻ鵽ǵͷϣ
Цһʲôô鵽ͷϣһʶŮСŪʪ·ȥ·ǲʶŮŴϵġǺθɣʲôû
˷ĵĵͷǶȥ
ʱ˿վսǴķԹսǴȴӱһֻ׵ġСƿ
ʮɫõĶʮһĻӡ˻ӵôˣһźһһźŮ˴ڽӴȻֶζԸһŮӣ
ʮһɫǺܺÿû˵
Ϊ곤֪ܶϲ˵еģһߺеĲ岻һߺŮĹʹΪʹĵöģȴ޿κΡ
ңҪƺҲֻܹëӡ
ĻӺͰ˻֪õ̬뷨ǲΪ⡣
褡ˣĳ̬
ҪһΪӲŮӳɻӡһһֻһӵˣŽϡ档ңӰ޿ɺǣֻּŮЩˡ
Ļӿתƻ⣬˵û뵽徻ЪЪŰˣȻܹһϷλռӵĹĹӣ⸮ͷǲù߰գ͵֪ˣȺðʱ羰Ȥһߡ
ʹ֮лӹѾˣﻹܹܵű˸⴦ɹķ䡣
֮󣬸ڵһ᷿űߣʱ˹ķɵԲϡ
ʱ̧Լȣ°̯ƽ·һ򿪷ţ˳ȥ
дһɴݣļס
ЩǿԼܲǲȷģϰıۡļʶ褸ֶΣѾġ
ۡĵȷȷеǸߵأ֮أ
ǡ
ҪЩˣ䣡
һȺþٰδԲ;˶顣
͹վһһЩĿ֮󣬹۷˻ȥ͹һڹ˼ӵܣôġ
ּҵʱһ̲ס۾ϣ΢ЦĿĹеһݻԷŵУֹܰܶ鲻طϡ
ּҷ˿һ˲ŵĹٿۿĹŮЩͷԡ
ֹվڳߣԹӯӯһᴵɴԶһ˵ζ
лĹӡ
ףֳּҷæȥˡ
ߵ褵Ĺߣ褺͹ǰһ뻹齻̸ᣬһˣʱͣ˻硣
褶Թ˿Ρ
ǹЦݣ褼褵ԼҸ磬ǵÿһ˸棬үͷ˶ɻӭĽ
ǳһ£Թһһ
ЦݿףȴһЩ˼ڣ۵ž衣
褵ԼҸȥ·СģһҪƽҡ
е񾭶ʱͷ
ϵЦᶼ᲻
ĵʲô˼ѵҪҲԼˣӦֻǹĿ׻
ȻŹʸס
ֻܹŹȥĿˡ
룬Ϊ˷ֹԼʲô⣬ȥĿ֮£ǹұ
˵һ֪ԼԵûʵ֤ݣӦڵ˭
褿ŹıӰмĹǣķһЩ͵Ŀ⡣
Խĵ⡣
褴ǰУԼҵ½ʰ׶ϣվ϶ǰһ׺ת۷

ϣ
żΪԼһˣҲܲԼӡ
ϾԼ󣬺֮ң
żѲٳñ㡣
͹þûͬĸ˵Էʱһס
żѶԹЦӯӯ˵δĹŮˣϲģ
շա
żѵӲ֪֮£һжƾĸ
żѶԹȰ֣ŵǶǲ㸸һƷ飬ͳܹȨоҾҲоɲлȨĸǺּҳĵŮҸ⹫һƷִѧʿҶǹƥϵġ
ֻĸ㸸ͬͬ飬ܹ;ߵøһЩԶһЩйȻҪԶ볯Ȩ߹;й֮Ƕ迼ǡ⣬Ȣʲô˼ҵĹŮǿеġ
һ߸ͣ˵ǰǰ磡˵ûпϵģǿһǱȢһǿҲȢ
żһ¹ͷ˵˵ʲôֻһȢֻȢһ
Ц
ʱԥԥһ˵ĸĸףӾþ֪ҵĵնŮġġ
żƤûֱӴ
ŨҵĲ졢档
ţ
֪ٱȵط֪棬ҲֻǸƷٰˣ
ǶŶô
Ƿ


56 
żѺܿͰԼղŵĲĨ, ɫѯʹ񣬡ǲҵĵմŮ
Щ㵵ĿżѣĸҲ֪ң
żֺǺǵĵ֪Ϊ, ϰ, ˼ŮȻ֪
ʱϲʤĿżѡ
żЦúϲ£죬Ĺֱ, ˵ȻϲҵնŮǶѾԺյòҪٽʲôرȨ˼, ȢȢ, ҹ˵ľģĸױ㶨ףӭȢ
һʱϻϲĺ޲㵸, æվ, żһ, Ӷлĸףлĸף
żѰڰ֣£ư㻶ϲġ¼, ҪȴҶϲЩʲô, źͶã׼õŵƷн׵˼һҪõýˡ˷ƸȥסίҶϲĹأ
ͨ졣
˶Ҹ֮С
ۼӯˣ˵лĸס
һ߲ϵЦҲʮֵĽӲ
żѶԹδһ, ЩϢɣĸ׼ˣΪס
ֲ֧
, 񣺡ĸҲϢ, ӱȥˡ
żѵͷ, Ų뿪æҪȥҵնŮѩдţ֪Ҽ׵顣
Ͳѩǰʶɽһ֣ʱ̰羰ûˣɫСĲȻ˽䵽һݿôҲȥֻ˻ߵȡ
·ĲѩŮ
ʱѩԼѾ߻˶ˣСˤ˲ѩϣ׵촽
ʱ㷢һҪԲѩ
˴˽Լ棬Խòѩޥģˣɴվɡ
ֻһֱͬĸ˵ʵ
ֱգ˵ˣԭΪĸ׻᲻ġһƷ֪ҵĵմŮӣû뵽ĸ׾Ȼͨ
ȵһߣ㿴ĸ׵Цʧһɶ
ʣĸףѵĴȢһƷټҵĵմŮ
żѿŹ¶һ˿ڽĵĶ豭ǳǳĺһڣԹ˵ҶҲ֪˭ûʲô̽״ԪǶһӵظ಻ģɲҪ硣
˵գֵƷ֪ҵĵմŮǣƷԱҵĵŮһ磬һƷ֪ҵĵմŮҲ쿪ǷηˣǶǼʸϵģ
һżѵȷʵǵλͼЩС檵ҲС
żԷǳͬһȻԹ㽫˼ҿɵøĸʡʡġ
ʱЦĸ׷ģֻȢĸϲģĸϲұϲĸײϲҿһۡ
żѶʱ֣ѡ
ĸ˵ЦʱӼҴҵ˽żһ󣬴æˣˡԼҶˣһȣ
żѺ͹ͬʱվ
ʣʲô
ɫҲϷףظ褹ܾˣʱʵѾԸſˣ褹ӵͻȻ˿񣬰褹ӵֳ褹Ӻݺݳײ˹ȥ褹ӵѪȶȣʱͷһȶΡ
żѺ͹ʱȻ
żɫѿ˵ĸףǹ
żҧҧ

Ժ׳ڹԱߵʯϣæҩġ
ĥҩ۵ʱݲˮʿдǧʫһĥҩҲʡ
׳û飬ֻԼҹĥҩĵʱܺÿ
ʱææǳԵöࡢԵúã⣬Խĳڿ
ӣҶˡ
ûƼɣ
£ӷġ
Цŵ㲻ȥ
׳ӣǹҪ֪Ǹιҩ᲻鷳
ЦһȻ׳˵֤˵ˣȻ˵ɣǻе鷳ȥ鲻Ըǡ
׳ɻĿŹ
鷳褣
ĥɷ״ҩĹɸһ飬һɸţһ߶׳ȻֻּƷʹּҿǮˡǮʹĥ⻰Īû˵ּҾּҹһŮϷͺãϷͺãǲôࡣ
׳ƶǶ
˵ʲôʲô׳Ĳѯʡ
ԺȻͥԺ¹ˮ׶¾õĴ
˯ˣŻ˳ȥӻԡΪôˣγӦѾ˯ˣû뵽γȻɹ
һ˰ͤӱߣһֵָֻӡ
֪ôģЩ
İɣ
磬ȻʧȥֵܶĻᡣ
ÿ綼һƬģʲô
һѹɣ
ңǰܿ硣
֪ģɽġ
ӵȴʧȥ
һʹɣ
ȴôֹۿʣĵػ
ɵЦЦĿʼγϡ
Ȼγ˹ȥ
γΪ۾ԭԶͦģû߽ͺתͷ˷ܵĿŹ
𣿡
ߵߣ֣¡
γʱˡ
δֳùˣ֪𣿡
һ֡
γͻȻ˵˵Ҹʻĸ岻ʱҾƽҺѾûʲôˣӾ꿪ʼҸѾûмˡʱСҶ̫ǵǵĳࡣ
ãǺ¡
γ֣޳ָƤˮۣĵ·Ҳ
дĸ϶ǹġ
γЦˡ
Ȼǹҵģǹұ㲻ôŲʡϹȻ˵ʵϹʱ˵ҿҸʣɷ̲ŻϹҾͱҪʮ꣬ҵɷܹ֮꣬ػʹ
ĸһ̥λ˸ʵĺӣ
Ĭ
ֻܽ˽γο
γЦЦֲˣԹʶһȤĹ˼ˣ˵ûУɹ
ĵ£ʾ˵
γ㽫˵˵һ˵һ֣Ȼܽ᣺˿Ǵִͬ񲻺ãɱҵ̫ˣֻȸȴСӥӥĹ˵ܷǾ㣡
дô
γʱ۾ӰģţôŵŨҵĻ㣬סθڽ꣬һʱ̲סס
ôԴװ

ûУд
γǱǳг㡢ļơǵӣˣ˭֮·ƾլס
֪˵ʲôֻĻš
ʱγȴͻȻס֣ԹģȻǧãֻ㵱õġѡ
˵֮㶣ɵĸæԼջһӾͺ˵ģ
Ƕ֪˶ٴˣγǵһξϵ̫ܡ
ǣ̲סϲܡ
ԥһ£סγ֣γҲûдɳûС
γЦȻͻȻ˫˹
סˡ
γָˣγ촽ߣɰ졢õ죬Ρ
γָġüֵۣ˵ıӣʮȷ㳤ÿ϶Ҳ
ķڿһһְγˡץд
д˶ˡ
ææдҿЦġ
γȥֻĶˡ
γͿ֬
òС
֪˶ãγҧҧ촽µ˹ȥָ飬ԥһסγ֡
¹ϣӻš
ģʮָգγ˹ļϣǲǻˣǲ͵͵˽˼ѽͰץˡ
û
֪ԼΪʲôϲγ
Ҳ֪Լʲôʱϲγ
γһֱǲһģ
˽ָȻ󻺻סγڻȻдɫɫ
γ͵ͷЦ
ǲǳСճ˵𡣡
Ҳ̲סü

δһղȥֵ
ȵѽ˹֮󣬹Ჽ㲽ȥá
һ彡
ʱһġĸ硹ùͣ½Ų·ʱŲ˰ҲƵģϾϹ˰һ仰û˵
ͣ½Ųת˰ʣʮܣʲô𣿡
˰ɫЩִ٣ԥһǰʹġĸ磬ͬһ𣿡
ʱЦһƣʮǼ⣬һֵͬǡһΪʮܽҪ⳵ǰȥá
˰ݺݵķһﻹô
ôһ˵ɫԽִ١ûš
ĸ硭
΢Цôˣ˵ô£ʲôֱ˵ǡ
˰ҧҧ촽ȻԹһ˵ĸ磬ԲסǰЩʱԳƴΪǣĸˡ
ʱĴ㵡
ͻȻȻʧЦ
޹ֺϲʮԭʮƷǿԵġ
һѣ˵޷ҲСǼ֮ˡңҲûеңֻ̬ȰһЩмΪЩˣ߰ɡùʳ𣿻ǴӸ˸伢ҽմС⽣ȵüǵȵü߰ɡ
˰ﴧµӲӲĸ죬һƬѶĲ˵ҡҡûԣûиͬĸһԡ
üë΢΢
˰ǰЩʱߵɾǸ̫壬ڵ
ѶĽѵʮ̡
Ȼ˰ŵȴǹδϵı֣ڽסǸ򡢽ӻˤ˵ʱʱš
Ƽ˵
ԼǷܹزǲܡ塣
һδϣ磬һŸͷСС飬ɣЩͽ̸ԵҲתΣΪΪġ̲סԼǷйͣǲܡ
ڱԼǿƷˣ˰̬ʱһٰʮת䡣
Թ˺øС
ͬ˰һͬȥȥһӣҪС⽣ƮĴ̵ĴлĵðƤڵԽĿɰζ
˰һʼԥҪҪԣѾˣʱҲ
ζ
õʱſ֣˹֮ǽȥ
֣˹ȹ˰ȥ˵֮ͬһ˹ѵİµĹ
֣˹ЩηĿŹ˵褵£ңûȳˣ
Ĺӣôʮһ˵Цġ
һڴ򿪿ȻϣһƣȻڷš˵ҵܵܣһͦ𣿡
֣˹һҭ
һʣǡǻҪڵ𣿡
Ṵ˹֣˹ʱŰɡ
һʱ޻֣˹ŹѪֶΣŹЦģɵ΢΢
Щ˾Ǻͨ˲һǲڵײŵġ
ʱҲҲܲվвһնС
֪֣˹ô֪϶ˣǲܹڵײţҲϲճϢ˼ƽǰǲҪʱʱҪ
֪ǵǸ
³õʱ򣬾ͺֵµһڹԱʹɽй޽нһۡ
Ҫ
ɢ֮󣬹ʰϵĲյѿ۵鶼һ˿Ĺɵüë
ŲյߵĲͣ£תһ񣬡ˣзԸ
Ѷ¶㲻Щ
ЦһԹѵĺãο¼ôãҲ˵¶
ϴЦ֪·¶ãΪҲˣҪȥɽʵؿ춽ջȥʰʰͬȥ
ǡ
˳ȥԶһЩˣվſڸʰյۣ۽ӹͭҪ¡
ͷ۾Ųޣ˵ô꣬ûĺã
ǹȴ˵Щյÿˮɹ֮սϻӡյ΢ѡһյɫûպáյвϴˣƷ¥һģһĲյһʮյĻ滻
һ㶣ɫЩĵͷȥǡ
˵²ģپҲֻһۡµĵһݲͷ˲յ⣬͵ſ᲻µģôһ㷴ӦûСһյѿˮ̵λˣ㱻ȥһٶõʱ򡣡
۶ͷ϶ʱðϸܵĺӡ
лˡ
ͳһЩͭ˵ȥɡ
һȥ
ɫ־η
üë΢΢չֵ˵°ڣһɷ緶վ¿Ų軨ʢţγ
δ԰γһΣ߶æûټʱ
γһֹµ
۾
һֱûлῴһ´δӴɽȻҪ۾һˣ
Ĺӡ
֣˹ͻȻ˹˼
ͷŹĵ֣˹
Щʲô
ɽǰڵݲᡣ
ͷ
֣˹ҪȥĸӴҪֵѣʰʰҪȥɽˡ
֣˹һ㶣漴ͷȮĹչˡ
Цȥ⣬ֲսұ֤ȫȫβ
֣˹ɵЦ
һͬȥ

ϣ
̣
ĳʱɷˬˣγ̨֣ףվڳذߵĻγдʱеæҪȥܻ
γԭ˵ɫʱʧǿǣԹЦж־ķȥҲð
þð
ôȥôã
᲻ÿֲ᲻á
վʲô
ȥ϶¡
֣ܺ
γдһóԵġ
γͷ
Ҫȥģȥʲô
һй¶ԼݺͲй¶Լ֮дҳȥҽ
γϵĲҩ㣬ɴµëʪģȴЦŵǺ飬ҽܹ㵽ʱ϶ܳΪһôģ
γжʱԹ˲²⡣
ʱγĺڷɴƮ˹ϣγæȥԼķ˿ʹӣЩ˼
ⶼ֪ٻˡ
γϵض̵ɴӣȻ̵ҲЩûʲôЧ
ֻвУϾɴᱡ۾Ųʲôܵ絲ͬʱйС
ǰ˿ʹƮϵʱ򣬴Ӳȥǽһ뵽Ҫܻһγɵ׽ס˺ͷ˿һĴӡ
γȥʱǡȻ׽ס֡
һʱ¹һͷһͷ˭Ҳûг
ģγż⣬˹촽ϡ
۾Щסγĺףǡ
һֻγǰж׻عҵĹ¶ꣻ
һֻڹǰѲԼĹ¶ꣻ
һ̣
˴˽ɣ
ҵѽ
á


57 
ͬѳе, ƺƵһˡ
ҽγƽγڵϣҽ˵̩ƽʱ, γ豭һ, ѹѹͷĽţſҽôˣĿˣ
ҽγЦŵϳϳǵӽߵļ, ûܸ¸𣬻ˡع˶ĳ, ȥɽˡ
ȥɽ
ǰ, ҽͨɽҽݣΪʦ, ȥѧȥˡ
γͷ
ҽ뿪, γֻŲ豭ʱ̲ס, ǰǸǡ
ʮģ, , ϲߡ

ҪȥɽҪɽʱ䲻
һʱŴ, С
ˮƽеعһڳͬǳһǰɽиҽͬУҾûвӭġ
عһ, Ű, ʮ
Ҳһ, ѣȴݡ
ǵʱһ·ǱȽֵģ·˲Ŀ
оعôһϲ£ȴع̸̸Ͷ
˶ҽֵ̽ʮҡ
˵˵ţعȴԹ˵Ĺӣɴɴߴ𣬿Ĺڶܲүذǿϲɺء
ЦŶع˵ɴһλٱ
عʱȻ漴ЦǶһλĹˡǮ
ûзϣȴЩϲЩɬЦ
ϣվ
׳źԡ֮ЦŴȤӣԺλСŮǮɴĴߴ𰡣
һۡ
Ȼ̾ϢһСŮ
׳㵣漴ҲĵѵСۣ
촽С¡
׳
׳㾪æסͣȻҿտյķ䣬С˵ӣǿǵ¡°
յĵ
֪㲻˵ˡ
׳ĳӣСʮģٹҪػʹˡ㡢αˣ֮𣬺ο
˴һŶ׳д㡣㲻صġ
׳֪ԼҹǸˣҲ˵
ΪԼҹ˽ԺŮʹȢСŮҲеѣҲǲȢ
ǶԷС£ǸͲˡ
һλܹ͹ӳװã
һλҪβܺ͹һ
ᣡ
ⲻ
׳뿪֮ˮһɴᱡ̣ʱγĵΡ
ÿһμȻƽ򵥣ÿһμ涼ɵøԷԷ
ҹµ鲻ԽʵԽôȻ
ǲ֪׳뷨ԼҲô롣
᲻ȡͷǿݹǻȪȻҪһƴǰ̣ȫ˴ˣ

ɽռʮֿ㣬ӡݵءˮڵʡݶůҲΪ
ŴɽʡǵĵضοǽλãȱˣҲζĻ϶ûг·
ȵһ˰֮󣬿ʼԴɽȫĹʱعȥ
Ҳʽʼʳôְܹܵ
һ֮󣬴ɽʽʼ
һ±һ㣬һڹԱ͹ųԷӡ
˵һЩ滰һ߸Ѷ˲赹ˮвź
¶վһԵˡ
ֱϽ˳Էȫȥȥ鷿յ񣬹ŶһµĳƤɽղ
Ѻһڣúúȡ
ԹʵʳôܹÿɺϰߣһǸȫϸµĺӣҷġ
ʱԺúȺãԹİ
ЦŶԹѵһʼֻǺӦı֮ǰЩлл׹ģԼ춼æĺȿˮʱ䶼ûˣҪĶӣԼòøʧ
ѶʱֺǺǵĵˣҪ·ҲҪԴиڣ㾡ܷȥ
ʱ߹˳ﻹһ븸ײꡣ
һ㶡
û˳¹ô¿
ʲô£
ģ롭ʱӯ߶󣬵ʱֻһ־ͺãռŷֶɡ
ӣ룬ùķӻǮȻ࣬СҲ⡣
˵ܹǺ¡
⵱٣ɲΪȨΪǮ
һ°ŵ
лƽ
α
ѶԹȥɣܳɣТТҲˣԼ׬Ǯ׵ĲҪųȥ
ʱл
գ֣˹Ķ֣֣֣١֣ҫ͹һϣЩѰе㲻Һ͹һӡ
ʱڹ£ִ߽۸񡢶ʱ䣬ջͻ
˹ֶΡ
ǵˮ©
ɽϵ˿ԽԽ࣬һжɡ
ûֳκη˲óԡˮ㡢µ顣
෴ÿ춼һ²ˣˮġ
ԼҲʹһԴ
ЩźĹԱٱû˵
ÿһ͵ķζܲҲܷḻ
ܹزʳôܹѾˮƽˡ
ָժ
֣֣֣֣ҫǴ˼ʮ˸Źɽææµµһ£ںĸһҲҪ׬ǮӪˡ
ȻǾηǹȴһɺƢԵú͡
˵ǰȽŸԼ飬Ƕ˰ɣתҪôת
˲ɵЩַ֮Щ
ģҺú£ǵġ
˶ʱӦǣ
ȻֵǴԼúԼǺúµģҪǲúֻ£ʱԴˣСĹǻҶؾ
˶ʱһݣǣ
Ƕһ裬յŵ񹤡ٱֻԽԽ࣬ǧ˾ͻռݵдĽˡҲУҲУǵһȴ޽ӿʼҪһߵķӣռҪҪ㡣ȻŪ䣬ҪһЩ
ʱԼҲ߻һʵ롣
֣ǲ֪޷Ϊİ㣬֣ʱԹ𣿻Լ߻ɡǴˣЩٱôǮ񹤿˾ͲӣԼ߻ȥô죿
ЦЦȹ˱ĲˮȻüβ˵·ģǻġҪĵһ


ȻҵķӣȰӸ˵ͷҪܸˣҲͷ¡ԽԽá
Ӧˣʱȥ¡
ͷ˾ǼˣһһԶٷŪʲôصĽڳ
Ҫɽߵ̻ǳԳԷʱ̳źפЩ̡
һ̳ûƷפ̳ô׬Ǯ
ʱһط˶ܴٳһ̳ɡ
ʱһ̳ɣܱҲܻ
οɽߣʡǽضΣ˿ԽԽ࣬Ҳ߷չ
ｨһ̳˳ƶΪ
ܲ׬ǮҲÿүϣʱŮҲϲ֣̳ܹͬʱȼʮҵ̳


58 
Ⱳ´ûô˳˳ˮ, ĸǹ飬ǶĲˣֱ, ԼҲʮֵϵĹԱڹѵķʮֵĸ, Ҵɽڵʡǣ˽Щ̻ԷûһŰͽġ
ġؼһĸ֮ҵ, ʱ˺ȫռݣûֳκεĲ졣
̼פؼһ̳, ҵƷȯۿȯֲᡭֱȽִľӪʽ, ˮЧҲá
֮ӯ൱ɹۡ
ֿʼڴɽʡǵķشһؼһ̳˵ȫ̳ڴɽʡǿ
ϾǮ׬ɵӡ
ȫȴ, ʽ, Ʋ, ǰ
תۼɽѾ࣬ʱĳʱ, Ѿ
ɽԴǳ, ɫҲвΡƣһζ
ڹѧ£һߵʳôܹܣһ߸ѵ¡оԼҪ´ִ, ܹʤһ͹˾ְܾλ
Ҳֻ롣
ѱڹ̾͵ʯ·ţԱɳӡʯͷľ񡭡ĳӡˣææµµ
߻ĸһȺĹԱ
һһ߿, Ȼ˵ɽй޽ѾͰĽ, ⶽҲѾ, λˡߺλҲӦάڵˮ׼ٽȡܽɽй޽ϣԴʥ
һڹԱ׷Ӧǡ
˹ص״֮󣬹ѻصµĹ£˱ˮѺһˮ֮ʣǼʳôܹܺؼһ󶫼ˣǸһؾ
Թѹ˳ĵף߸ոմ£ȻܳʱˡһؾЩҲ֪᲻ᵡ衣жڣ游˫۾ҲǺ顣
ʣǲ׼ȥ
ЦȥҪȥģھΪ״飬ûȫˣ¸·ۡףܷ͸׻ؾɽҡ̫̫Ҳ쵽ˡŹ̫̫ǧ֮ٻشɽҲǾЩТ
ѿŹ¶Ц⡣ܵг̵ͽȥš
Ӧˣǡ
ѿȥĵ׾ãԼȫµˮ©˵ԲʮԸϲ
ֻʵѱԦ̫иһСԼױȡˮ˵ԼôĶ֪ҺûĹǣΪԼĶӡ
ѴĵΪǴʦ˵ǾǱ֮ʣָ֮ĹĹ;
ָڹ;֮Уһ֮еǶλûշ
ӣշʱԼǿˡ
ѾþҲֻԼĪԼʮʱ
֪һִʦҲʮлλƽĴʦԸһûԼ֪Ǵʦʲôܿ϶ǺûǺûԼھԲӡ˵ˮ
ȥ֮ʼ׼ʱһӦ
عԱ͵ġزҪ͸ԱǵġزҪϸϸĴá·Ҫ׼һӦʲҲ׼ѽҪԼҪѼ˵ֻ㣬Ǿ군ˡ
ڴɽ˰࣬ؾһˣûʲô𡣵뿪ɽһ죬̺ƺƵġ
ڳŵʱǰĹععûվһǰ
ͣͣ˳ͣ˽ţع
֮ѯʣĿҲҪ̻ؾ𣿡
عԹʱٲؾ˴ѩ·Сʹг̣ӾǵĳӣڻȥҲһ̣֪Ĺӷ㲻㣿
Цʲô㲻ģĪǻвӭĿģֻҲһͬУ˵Ŀ㣬˵Լ㡣һ·ϳӻĿչˡ
عæΪҽ߾Ǳְʲôչ˲չһ˵ҸŹ˼ҳ߷ؾһ·ϻǶչ˲ǡȥ벮ү񡣡
ס
عѵȥ
ͣôһǰС
عһ滹һﴫҩζŨңɵЩĽع
ҪԼҲܹʰҽжã
ܱȨһ򱶡
ǡ
ǳڶūĲ֮ˣֻԼŬһ㣬øһ㣬ܹٹӭˡ
ܹ˶ͻᱻҪȥҪίȫҪ˰ķеӣ
ܹγǰ¶Լһ⣬˶һһŵֻ˵һűٲ

һκȾƣȵࡣϷż̳Ѿȿ˵ľƣﻹһ̳ûкľơ
Ȧͨ죬δɵۡ
Ⱥδĸż˵ϲ֪ҵĵմŮѩ
ĸ˵ˣź⣬Ȼȫýŵס
ˡ
Ǿһ߿һŽ֮ӭȢѩţ˫ϲŵʱ򣬲ѩϵԾˡ
Էﴫǡѩˮ˵͸ͷۺˣԼ׽ڴ
ѩļ򵱳ͱ
ѩĸ漴̧߰Ųѩϵĵ
˵ҵأϳ֮󣬾һϯϯһݲѡ˸ɽᣬȻһ鱮ûС
Ϣʱ
ţ
Ըţ
ż±㲻ҪΪŮƭ㣬ã㡣ŮӲֵΪġ
ʱоԼʲôֻôһƬհס
ع֮Ѿȥö졣òԣûκ֤ܹ֤һĸױݵġ
ֻǾãѩ˵Ůӡ
ֻǾã·̫ͻȻ
ѩ˵ŮӣںԼ˽һôӦûṴԼȻ̥ᣬԼȢҲȢҲŶԡԼֹӣԼῴۡ
ȻôȷԼῴۣѩҲѾˡ
֪ĵط
ֻþƾԼֻаԼܹԺһ
࣬ȴҪ̳ٺһڣʱͻأ˴򿪣ż߽䣬ľ̳
Ѿֲ嶫Ҳֲ˭żôһʱҪѾ̳Ӹ
ȴһżѺ䣬̳ڵϷһ졣
ƣҾƣ
ҪȾơ
ҺȾơ
żѿŹζ·𲻰ԼݵӣһҪƺȣĲ
żͷ˦˹һƣⱲӻûб˴һ£̧ͷżѣ΢һ㣬أԴͷȥƲ
żʹļ׵˵㻹Ҫӵʲôʱ򣿣㸸׵ĳӹվͻؾˣҪȥ㸸ϵӻǰɣΪճӣ׵ܣ׵ʣΪ棬ȵ𣿾ΪһŮˣһˮ˵Ůˣ
ԭͷĬţǵż˵Ļʱ͵̧ͷѪ˿ܲ۾żѣĸסǲģ
żͫȻһ治ɫĿŹôܹ˵ֻĸףȫµ˳ܲκεã˭ֺܲã
ϲҹ¶ԷƷ֪ҵĵմŮǶ׷ѵֻҪϲĻϲصȥȥף
ȥһӡȥһܹܼңŲңȥʹ˹ܼң⵱ʱգǲ׼ƸûȥԻȥ㣿ȴң
ңĸף
Ȼڵϣżѵ˫ȣʹ֪˺֪ˣҲôĸס
żѱ˱۾˼ŰѱȵĹ֪Ϊҹȥﲻܡ˻ϲֻԼܲܣ巢֮ĸĸϣúðϧԼ塣ҲӦΪߵĸĸú룬̣Լĵ˿ôúã
żѣͷżѵļϣżԼӵͷŹʹ޳ڹ񿴲ӽǣǹһ˿յЦ


59 
ص̤֮, ûһʱ֪˹顣ʱ˿̹۳Ͷ٣Ѿԡ°ݼ̫̫˷ϢһӦزⷿ
̫ࡢ̫ӡ
Թ˹ܼڡ˹£ڡܹܼڡܼҲڡ
һڹܼŹ, ĶűɵİⷿŹ, ֻóȥ࣬ǵλĹԽĴݲˡ
ǹɳʽ˿һ۶ľ
ò׶ˣ˶Թ˲֮, ͷˣЩز, Ժ
ܼͬһ·, һߡ
ű˵йڹ顣
֮üëҲ˵ģֻܼҵٵԵ, Ҳע
ܼûʵĻ, , ·ڹĹӻȥЩϢ
΢ס
ܼ뿪֮һ̴װ缡پ׳ʹ, ǲҵĹδ͵Ȼ󱻵𣿡
, ɫ̫ÿ
˵𣿡
׳ȴ²ؼ̸۵̬˵ǹεɾǱ¹˵ϵĻ۵ģ˵еС㷼İٺ-ҪǳǾͲ̫ˡ
̲סһ, ׳ʱ졣
ͬ׳һĵ̰ţЩݻƵҶӱ
°, ͬ׳˵ǹ, ҲԼϲ˭˭˭˵, ̫档ƽ׺˼ҹһ
׳ͷɻ
⡭ҹѵ
׳ҹǸˮ˵ŮӣһۡһǶĵճӡ
ɱǸβۻôϣ˵ץס³Ρ
׳̲ס˵Ƿ𣿡
Цһ£ʣ֤𣿡
׳ֹסҡͷ
ƽ޾ݵſڴƻơ
׳ǲҹҲǿ
ȴֵֿù
׳оԼ̸ϣʣù
̾Ϣһ˵ܲù𣿹ǺεĹӣʳ˼伲಻ʶģҪժǣ벻ԼҪȢһԼŵ̫ĹǻẦ˼ҹ
˼ҹδʶ֪նŵһճȴ֪ܲ𱣻˼ҵĵӣҪ˺áǲҹﲻǵùʲô̯ϹôӸ硣
׳Ź˵ĻҲɵ̾ϢһоӸ˼ҹİ飬ӿʼע˱Ƶġ
̲סһҵĹӡ
˵˵ˣҲòȥСµŵ֮𣬻ҪһЩˣ
׳Сӵ˵ϲСţϾҪ̣̾Ժˡӣһȥϴˮ

е㷢̡ԼЩʪ𤣬׳ʲôʲôüģȥ𣿡
ͨͨ
׳ȷʵЩ糾͵Ĺ˵Ҹ׼һЩҶƤϴ裬ϴ֮˵㡣
ôżȥɡ
׳ٺЦ̤Ժߡ
š
֪뿪ʱγĺòá
ǲǺģ
ûԼ
᲻ʱԼһֻһʱ嶯

Խ룬ﾹȻԽЩֲ̿
µθԼһ˵ô
̵ԺʱԺΧǽ߲ûˣǸĲݺþöûһ
ʶȥǹڡ
Ī˰
Χǽ˺һŲĻԼѾõԺ
ԡ֮ͷ˷ǳʢһ͡
뿴ҽûȥ뿴徭Ҳȥһ߾ĵĥҩĶ޷ľ
ͬʱعȥȥݷԼʦҽ
ҽһЩҩĺڴɽռķӣҽù˵
ҽУһѧʣ˵н棬ȵҽˣˮƽˡ
˵Цӣʮο
ֵȥʱûиС¸𣬵ȥСƽС»㡣
ҿСӣƺ᲻㡣ȻˣƽһδȥС룬ȥһ˰ɡ
عʦ˵С²ԼвɵЩ졣
񣺡ǵȥˣʦ
ҽ޷޷۳Ͷ٣úЪϢղ
عȥҽҩ
̵ʱ򣬸ҪʱȴͻȻ˵
ѧ𣿲˰ɣ
عϤɵһ㶡
γС˭Ҳȥѧģ
ͬţô᲻֪
סٴη֦ȴһ˫Ӱ
ǣγ֣ȥԵ̨ף¹ϣǿһˡ
ʱγվһӻѩ׵ǽǰγ
γĶͷγ˻һ˲ȥ
ع㵼ˡ
ĸȥ
ֲǽĺ棬͸϶˹γд֣γһ˵
عӣ˵˼֣Ȼ֪ԼǶūƥ䲻γС£Ȼ͹ݡ
ѧ
ѵγСΪԼ
Ϊ»Уû뵽ﾹȻգ
ȵֿγʱ򣬲ɵðҧҧɫ뿪ȥĺɻص̰硣
Ӳ
ڵǶĵӣӲԼ²Ƕ֡

þûͬγ棬ررγԼݣű˴֮𣬻粻֪ĺá
֪ƽյļγҲͲʹ࣬Ρ
һЩĵԼеˡ
γţдҺ㡣
γ̲סЩߵЦҲ㡣˵ڻǰµģý˽Ұԧ죿

ʲôñ
дͷԼƻ
γּˣʣʲôʱݰȷһǲعʵѾµܾعˡ
룬ԼġؼһǮˣð췿ءֵʱ򣬾Լܹһ桢Ӷȥʱ
ʱܹγ̹ˡ
һҪüʱ䡣
γдع֮ǰ㡣
γ˿˿ģȻ˵ݣͲʡ֪Ϊ˵ݲŹⲻ˵
ֻγ۶ԷʲôݣϲĽ˰ˡ
γǰͷ˵ȥɽĲүйɿˣǲҲҪ˵˸װҪ˯һ͵͵ܲܵȵ㣬İȵˣҺܿġ
дҼ㣬Ҳܿġ
γ̲ס֣Ҫȥˡҽ컹ûƽͷƽҲڷ䣬ֺԪҪѵһѻʼǡ
ֱϵ⣬Ȼдȥ
γͷ۳Ͷ٣úϢȻеʱġ
дá
ȵγȥˣ뿪ΧǽԺ۵ĻţγһǿžڻԺ·ϹǷ졣ԼԷûñ˯ˡ
Ǳعʱ࣬ԺŽȥһڹˡӭȥ
ʱûԺԺɰĪСԱ徻˵ķãԺʱ򣬾ȻԵø
ﷴŸղſΣ෢ţĸ

ԼĻǲǿԸϲ¥
ʼ£ܵõһλʼҳԱĺ񰮣;һ˳ࡣ¹;˳֮п϶Ҳб
ع˼ȥͨͨĿڱ˴γԷǰ
γ²ãԪ棺£Ŀƽ
γ£űӷ˷ֲ֧ûҽƽһֱһϲ𣿺ðɣȷǾϲˡֻҪܺദһ඼ůģ˶ǿĵġ
γ˵ɡ
Ԫţع̤
عγԪ˳ȥҴšˣγعЦݺ
عγεĻϲԽȷγΪԼ
ع󰲺ã˯𡣡
γҪǲ˯Ļ᲻Ͳ̫ãȻع˵ݣҲװ֪ˣ
عָϺ͹˽飬ɫ̫ÿһֳ˹ʺ˼ǳɵӵĻȻڲγСµġ
ԥһ˵ȻҪʱϢ
γŶ-ȥɣھ˯
عļ΢΢ûСӡ
ĺùԡ
ǡʵǶŹġعе£ƾʲô
عŽҩԥȻᶨĶγҪȥˡ
γŵ΢΢һᣬͷţ߰ɿ߰ɣӴɽһ·糾͵ģ϶ۻˡ
᲻Լѽ
عЦӣʱһѾܹ϶γѹϴԼ
˭ùڲزأ
ҲãҪǲڲزأлû룿·ϸ̸֪ȵϷ֮󣬱Ҫٷɽš
ڼɲ飬ǾͶˣ
عӶȥ֮Ժƽ޹ʵĴ˸һ˲Ǳӵ˴ߡ
ѱϣٴ˯
ˮ

ضֻǸŹѲݲݵİݼϷˣżѡϷʱ࿴˹ۣùȥ˴꣬ͨɶһˡ
żѣΪȳһȵ飬Թҧгݣ޲ܰƤ⡣ţû֤ݵżҲô
Ͳˣȥȥ
Ҫһߵĺ壬ȥһߡ
ʲô˼ʲô񣬶Ҫ͵׵
ǰ¶ǹȫ˹ܼҺ͹˹¹ȥģùõĳ֣һжȥš
ԼҸ˼ҵĹϵԼҲһǲɵġ褵Լ˵֮ǣָʲô¶»СΪϡ


60 
Ҫ˼Ҷһ֮, һͣԸſڡ׳ʱվڹ࣬СӣԼǵţ
Ҵ, ǻ᲻ýǲҪ׹ϵˡ
׳¶, ֻȫȫβȥһܹȫȫβĳ
Цһ
Ȥʣôˣ
׳ͦͦ˶ţȥȥģɽ׳գһ۾
ЦЦŲԸǰ̨, Ըӭȥͷͨ
Ը, Ҳ, ˵ǹˡʱŵĹһ׺ݵϵĻƿɨ˵ϵһߵƿ, 黩һƬ
׺, ŹȾߣðĺãһûüɱȥ˴ɽ, Լġ
ݺݵ˵ţ˳ǰȥ
ͬʱԸŵϢ, һɫҲѿ
Ժ֡Ժֵӡ, ǰһ褡
ƿǺ޲˹
ݲȵıǰ󣬶ԺȻ˵ˣ常ĸ, λֳ뾩ǰɽվãշл
ʵ¶Ƹ߹˳µ, ϾԼǵҡ
褵Ĳ״
ԺĿⲻƵĶŹ, Ժʱȷлģ
һ仰, նʱһᡣ
治ɫЦʵ常ԺⰡСֶôף
ԺüëˣߣϷǴװͿҶ褵ûκεĽ𣿡
褣۾ѪĶŹ·һƥȮڵĹҪԹ
ûסЦһ
һЦԸϵɫ䡣
㣡

Ժֱӡ
褸͵վ
öŭĿӵˣܱݣȴɵЦ˵ֳȳˣҲġѹҲܹ常ĸֳѹʹǲΪҰҿʲôûֳʦģǽ̿֡
ûзû֤ݵĻ¾ȻҪߵͷϣҪ˴ȥ֪λӡУ֪ĻΪԸˡ
̲סˣװģͿ͸ǰһ˺һ׵ףΪԻ̸Ի⡢ֳūţʲôõģ㻹ЦҺӣ㾹ȻЦ
Ҫɱ㣡
褻ֱӳŹɱ˹׳Ҫǰסȴסֱקס褵Ĺȡ
ԼĹȣκƵġ
꣬ɽɽߣֶӣĶ֣
ʱֱ֣褶ʱˤøһʹ
Щæȥ褡
ԺЩѪָŹ
Ժ֣ӸҶ
΢Ц˵Ҳ֪ʲôʱ򣬺ʱ常һңȻҡ-ȻˣͲڸλǰˡ£߰ɡ
褶ݺݵĵΪ컹ߣҿš
ԵȻתͬĿ褣˵ֳڻ鱨ҰҿʲôûԹңȳȵϣĺԩġȳȵʹ࣬ͲˡˣмǸ㡣
ɫѿԹⲻ֪ӡ
Ц常Ǻִѧʿúܣֱ׫ŴǬʷ飬ʷ⡢⣬ضԳ͢ϵ²̫ɣƷʹִˣǲؾӦþҪˡҪְةʮϳ轥̵һ鶼һةš
ҪֳھӦôδة˵ŭ𡣶һ޹˺ɱ
ֹǿͲ۾ȴ̫ã-ֳֹҩҪ͵˵Ĵ¶˵ִ˻ôǡˣλؼˣ治ˡǣ
׳ƷŲĹ뿪Ը
û
һƬѪ죬˳ȥ
šĹֻ
ͻȻǰһƬӰ£Ժžһƴ褵ϣĸһ¡
Ժŭʣôһ£˵ֻ˵ƲϹϣʹƻȡָּʲôϵ
Ų˵
ԺֿԼµʲôһһŰ߷ˣףףôõһɵ̣Լһֱ󣬿ܵԣһֱӴȨģְٸΣò׺ּҽףܹȨĿ£ȴ¡Ҵ㾹Ȼ£
褲ĵŭ𣺡ʲôʲôǸԸȢһֻԸ𣿡
Ժȫ£üҷ㻹Ҷ죡㾹ȻҶ죡Ҵ

Ըüˡ
׳ӣô֪ûаබ¶
׳ЦȳһȣȻܰ鶶¶鶶¶ӦǶȲǡ
׳Լҹ̲סҡҡͷĳԽԽˡ褸һ٣ȥ㣬ڻҪһţЦ
Ըӣ˶˽֮ŹͣԺȥ
һԺʹԼӴɽǱԼ˽˴ġز
̫żҲ̫ۣûҳ͸γ
׳Լҹӷ˽ƣ˵ЩֵǮֵǮôùѴӴɽĶ͸λС¡
׳Źһ˫˿֯Ьװȥæֹ˹֣˵ӣ󾫲ࡣ
ҾЩϲ
׳ȷϲɽϵʯ
ţ
׳аɣ̸ҲǺס
ĿŹװһСӡ
߰ʲôС
ʰöʱȥԺ
γӹʱ򣬹һѰȻͷĶͷ
γЦץļʣͻȻң
ͻȻң
һĶͷŷд
γ΢΢ɻ
ΪʱعƽʱѾ͹һˡһСװģɽزʯԭʯ
ֻԭʯͦġ
Ҳ˿ģӴɽÿֲ
ҪԼĶ
γ̲ס
ΪԻʯһ㶼Ȥ
γԵͤӱ£ӷϣȻ򿪡
˼ʯγγĦţû£ʣʯͷ𣿡
дʯлơеĺģе̵ģ͸ʯƤԿƯ£ģ۾ܿƯĹ⡣
γʱԣȻʱ˷
Ưǹ⣡
ˣ̲ס֡
иһ˫Ь档
γһ״ЬЬ棿Ӳ
д˿ģЬʱţӲеӲɽŻ졣
γͷãһͷ
γԼȥĶöŶҴôණѲѴ
γŴɽز۰ǡ
ɵҩӰĹǽһЩƢθҩķۣϷۺġ
ζֵֹġ
ǻУ
д϶ϲͲѴ
γ̲סߺ˷ָˣڹá
֡
оγЩ


61 
γ˺һ, γصԺԼԺ
㿪ʼæµÿһ, ͸Źȥֵ, ְֵ֮ŹѴһЩ顣
һֵ֮󣬹ȥ硣ΪȥѰ¥ֲ̫õĵط˽ûиȥ
Ҳˬͬȥ
иȥpiao, ӻŵĵ
βǡ
ӹĽֵлضһһ룺ԼʲôʱҲܹר
ʱһ, ò, ȷࡣ
ھ͸ǵһԼҲϡ
ȥԹͺú˯һ, ȻȥγԼᡣ
˲ſ, Ϳӡ
ӳŹ߹, Щ߰ڵġ̫ǵ˸񣬹Ϻ, һס
𣺡, ר̵ңʲô£
ӶԹĹӣȥ
Цŵͷ·
תŹǰߣƲƲùһ㻹ܶùʮ壿Ϊܹһɳ죿ǣ
ܿͱżѵԺǰ, λż
żѿųʸĹںǰЩʱʼոүҲûйѳȥȻ, ֱȲ
֪żҪʲô, ᷳ, ȴ¶ɫ
żѶԹɡѾϲ衣
лż£˿ڲ裬ˣʵĸҿ£
żЦŶԹҴү˵Ҫ̫̫ף˲Ŵ㷵ɽ
ǡ
żѣǸТĵĺúӡΪֻүû㻹ǹ̫̫ٳ
˳ǫ͵˵ĸ׶ǼТģӲЧ¸ĸˡ
żЦݹһ漴ԹТǺ£ǰ߶һڹӡСǶڷǰһپһ𹩷ʾȥ̫̫ǧǰʱ䲻ڸУʱ䣬Ҳ֪̫̫ٺߣҲûи˵¡
ۡĹС㣬ûڷǰгپˡȱһ뿴Ǹʲô뷨ֻʮˣǳǲǳұ㲻ȥһʾµʦǱ㣬ǲǻɻʾµʦ㳭ʮپǰ
Цˡ
һپһʮһˮʳó죬ëǾ͸ˡ
żıֱıˡ
ż˵ȻҴ̫̫֮ٻشɽȻֳ˳پġĸ׷ģһ̫̫֮ǰپĸס
ż˵ͷҲãТĿɼΡùʳǲã
ԺѾ˷ˣ߶ĸףӸˡ
żҲֻǿףҪͣȿˮʲ¡
Ժһһͣ̾һ
׳ʣӣǲǷ˲θڣȥˣ
ڰ֣Ƿ˵顣
һԵĽٳ⣬ȺٳԷˣϸʡſ׳أʣӣǷ˵¶ʲô¶
׳˵żѸղ飬׳һ仰Ҳ˵ۿЩ졣֪˶ãŸ˵ӣ̫ˡд͵ˣǻشɽǱȥٻ㲻ˡ
ֻε̾ϢһȻ˵̫ˡǿӱûõġһͷϻߵɽֵұߵɽ֣ǰ֮һֻӴߵɽֵұߵɽֻ֣Ƕζʳ
׳ʣǳپһҪһϣô죿
̾Ϣ»ô죿
ֻҪﳭ
ŷĵżѰżѣһֱҶˣģʵǹ֡
Ϸ˵ֻʮձҪʼˣҪŹ£ϲʱ䳭پ
ȥóС
壬Ҳ壬Ӱ쳭ҹʵڼֲס˶ױסʵڵϣֱſ˯˹ȥ˵øҹ׳˯ȥ
һֱ峿˯ͷʱ򣬿ͷģΪûڡǿȼոɾˣ֪ǹһˡ׳ߵߣҪ˵ϴ˵ף¡һ죡
׳æԹӣȥºɡȵȡ
ͷ
׳뿪󲻾ãñ߽ˣ΢΢죺γôˣ
ԥһܿ
Ϊһγ棬γ϶Ϊʲôڷãڷʲôʱ϶Ҫγ֪ڶٲά裬Ӳù֪ԣܱܡ
һӺ棬ڵ´࣬ä˿
γ£Ԫγ£΢ȵūţūŻȥȡºɡ
γһ
Ԫ첽뿪γվڳϣεþңõʱɴʱʹˡ
γһûץסȻ۾̼۾ᣬ
γüͷЩˣҲ⣬ߵǰͷʮ壬ͷˡϣ㱣۾ܹгһտü
ӺĿŽ۾γ
۾ţ֪ͫʲôӡ
Ľëֳܡ
⻹ǹһογ
۾
γ棬۾տ뿴ҵ˳ʲôӡҺϲⱲӲܿʲôӣҿ϶źź汣ӡ
˴ӣǻ
γ̫Ԫʰγ̨ϵɴϵ֮󣬰γݷϣ£ɡͷȥ
ǴԺˡ
վӺ棬ϡ˵
γ¶ðϻ𣿡
Ԫ˵Цô꣬²Ҫһ죬
γŶƲ֡
ͷһȼյķ㣬΢΢üЩЩࡣ
ӣ
׳ɡˣϺ󣬳ɡȥ
һһ߷Ը׳ҳĳپ㱣ܺˣŪ˻ŪˣʱϷ˸٣Ҫòⶫ͵õù
׳ɹ㲻Ѿҹĸģʼǵ˳𣿡
žžĴ
һֻۣб޻ԼľԼģˣмҪ㡣
׳˵
ȥ׼ʵ㣬ɺˮֵ±㡣
׳
ʱ˷ܡ
м¶ȥ죬ȥǰҵĴǣҪЩ
׳ԣհ졣
ϣڴſ˹˰͹ѡ
ѿЦݲ̲ģ˵ˡ
̨ףȻϰߣµͻȻۻȥȡɡ
Ŷһ
˰Źûûӵĳ֣ٲ쿴һᣬŶԳ·ҲܾСʻ
Ӧˡ
ֲһѹ˰˰ϳº˹ĵԼԺҲҪĸһġ
ʱûѴ򿪳ô
ɡǣˣסЦŵ·Ҳµ·ӵ¡ǰ׿ʱ䲻˸ף߰ɣ
һ
ĲУ
³ӣɴ䣬ϻȵسһɫҶֽɡ
һǳߣ˰̲סӳȥˮϣɡȲȡ
ϸȫԼǸףԼҲϲĸ硣˰вɵš
֪˰жԽ壬ѧ֮ġȻһ˵ɲأ
Ϊ˰ƾĸﴵͷ磬ֻҪԼͿˣѧһñʲôҪԼûκ˰ģҪĸѹòݣֺá
˹ú󣬹·ȥѵĹһϵ
֣˹̸
ϵһɢãһߺ֣˹˵һ߲ݲ鼸ۡ
Ĺӣ¥˸²ʽС
֣˹δ˵̧֣꣬˹ʱס졣
Ŀİ鿴һ飬Ȼ֣˹ʲô𣿡
֣˹ƣԴôˣʲôжǾҲûϢ
飬˵ǴɽɿڽӦĴʯĹԱż˵ʯһ
֣˹ˣɽھϷɿڽӦʯ˼ۣܸʲôϵ
ĹӣǲˣǵѰ顣˵ˣܳʲô¶
һӣ̫ˡ·Ϸ˴̫󣬹ЩǮҲ϶Ǳʲô飬ʯϵĿɻ⣬гִȵĽȱŻ״
֣˹
Źüͷ壬ùˡ
ڵѶϢҲ֪ʲôҲϣֻˣûмȥ
żװú󣬲˲ӡоеߵͲשؿǡӰ죬пשеͻˡֻǲԡ
ôӹúá
֣˹
ʲôʱҲĵϣһ

ֵ֮϶ĶԺ±㣬һ±һڳپ
¶ӶֱżѣżѶʱˣ۽ǶЦβơ
żһ߱ź˫ţ̻ˮһЦĶԸͷӵн졣ΪүߵҾκβ𣿺ǣֻҪΪĸһգֻҪһһգܱ㲻ܡ˵ʲôãҶĵӣռǸҲԲ˳뽫ְܷĲơȨ
ֽŲ᲻صĸżͷ˵Է˲Ϊһ¼ūҪĥеǷӣһ̲סŷ˹ģ֪Լݣ


62 
±֮, ±ŽʳʳеһһСͭԲ¯¯̿
Եȵγ, ǿ, ֪᲻ҪǵʱĻǾͰȥ׳һݡ
Ե, ƮҡЩ䡣
۾˯һ, ʱ, Իûˡ̲סЦûкγԼã, ͷ, ʳб, Ժȥ
ϴˮȥóپ
Ե·ڴ˸ոոγععû, ȴⶼִʱʮһ, عѵ
Ŀ
عʱͣסŲת
ǹܸ, ȴ˺ֵЦݡ
ɣôˣôⰡ
п, ô˻Сƽ
عҡҡͷ, ˵С۾մ˷, ۵ҹʩ롣
ʱһɫЩˡ
ô
ع˵ʩֻܻ⣬ؽ˯ٻȥҽ顣
ֱ顣
عһ񣬸֮ŲҴ뿪
ع̵̨ף촽ԺΧǽιԥһ˽ȥ
һεԺγԷԶϵĵ΢ֱһ£֪ļ䷿γˡ
ϾССԺӣֲû̫ĳ롣һˮŵ
ʳУĵĿ˷š
ϸOO@@γ۾۵ܣڻû˯
ԶγͻȻڵ˭
γ۾ãȴ
û˵˴ߣƿӣס˽ŵγ֡γʱһߣ
û⻰ʲô壬۾۵γĶͷдߣ㡣
γ̲ססĲӣؿڲ˲䣬˵ֻһˣ㲻Ҫġ
ϵ¡
дܲܿ۾
γʲôԵģ㿴ɣƻҹ鰡ͷĹȭͷҹ顣
ʲôûãͳӣȼһ㣬Ȼȥγ顣
γ۾ɣն
ǸϹӡ
ϸϸĿγγŬȥ
ǻӵĹγ˵̫ˣ
ϸϸļʮӣȻѻӸպ˴סֻµγգдһ취ġ
γ˵ҪѹܲܿνģҶѾϰˡ
סָγڷǰ˵Ļһʱ˺ۿ
˵㿴ġ
γİĦһЩѨλĸоԼ۾ôˣɵرģñ˯˹ȥ
γĴϣγȵĺϣŬżסû˯š
γ˯֮ųԼֱۣҴҴӣŵ뿪
ʳȴڴŴ̿ʼձ¶ȡ
ڶһ磬عֱҩˡ
ҹ飬һŷ۾ۿ༸Ѩλ˰˯
γԷʱȴγڰ˯뿪
Ԫع˲衣
ع˵С۵ܹߣǴҡ
ԪǶлĿʩ롣
ع˵ӦõģֻҪС彡ұҲ޷
ع˺һγδѹԪ̫ҽԺ£ȻС»˯ұ
Ԫعš
ûγˬģϴôȥʳʱͬŮͻȻŸʳеԪ·˸ʳС
γʣʲô
Ů±㡣
Ԫʱ˹һ˵̿ŵġĿһһˣҲǵǲǴ˸ʳС
γ̲סЦȻ˵ϺȰ࣬Ͱɡ
عγѨλʱγ˵⼸Ѩλĺûôˣع϶ˡ
û˵顣
عһղݣͼװ֪
ЦŸع˵ϴ±ζãҳ飬ϧԪǲҶԡ
عϵĶ΢΢ͣ٣ϵǸʳУ˹ʳС
ܿعٴθγѨλüë˵ͷٸ
عŵʱ򣬰ʳˡ
ûȥתԺ
ԺʰűīֽҪȥóپعŰݷãһʱЩ㵡ڿعŵʳеʱȻ
￪ʼôӦԡ
ع˽˲֮˶¡Ҫڸع˵عֱ˵ɣǰҿС¡ˡ
ĽƱҪڸ֮ȫ¡
ɫࡣ
عɫĹĿ㷲ȴ̹Ȼ˵ģ㲻˵ҲȥʲôС˽ｻСݵ飬Ҳȥʲô
ɣԳ֣ʶôã֪ǸϲȫˣʳΪҡҺʳзڴ£Ӹסû˷֡ʳһ㴦ԺǵЩ
ˣָعл
عڰ֣һ˾ͺã
Ц˵Сµʲôʱ򰡣
ع֮ǰٸ˵
عԼ£ĥŵ˵ͷһڣԹȻλ󣬵Ǽסڶ޹ʵµܹ࿿ҲСϣĪҪС¡ҲϣܺСԲԲͺ
¿عĻ˸мٴлع
عĲãſտյʳȥ
̡
عıӰ˵عѧϽҲΪϿңȷǸɽ֮ˡպ󣬱ȻԶ
תöȥ

Ϸ˵תۼӱ˸Ϸ˰٣Ȼﱲ
񡢹ǵһ
ȻŮڶϡ
͵һ̴ľİ
͵һɫʯ̵ǹҵ
ͷûкܶӣ͵һɫһɫɫɫţֻ¹ϸǡ֡⻹ǴγһɰõУͺܾƯ۸һߣͦġϷ˵ߵָˡ
Ҳһ׮顣
Ʒ۸񲻸ߣʣҲףܿġ
;ˣ
֪ͷĵ
ŹкˣȹкǼλͺȲʱܹܡĴӡ
Ͼȫ棬ǹ˼ҵĹ˴ܹܣҲֻǸūš
ǵӣү
ݲһӴĿ˶Թ˸ĿҲͲһˡ
Ӵǹȫ˻룺һūӦҡ
Ӵǹ˻룺ͦ
ǰ񡢹ȻҲ˽Ϊ˾ĵճӣҲֻӴһЩ͵ģЩҲޣкһЩ﹫Ӷ㲻ˣ˵ЩλòȴʵʵǹԱĿˡ
ȫдѵͬšԱúʡ
ڶֲϣٰŵĽĿ½ǳʱ򣬾֮ϣ졢һƥ˰Ӽʿɱʳǡ
ֵϵİշ׷ÿ
ܿоѲ˾Ĺٱ֣˰Ӽżһ·ֱʳǣûֱͣӲ
ߵأ
һ쳹˽̻Ի͵Ĵֱ񷶥˴Ǭƽ˼ʮķơ
дһ͵ĹѣֺԱߵʹִ˺ȲԵĿϷ˿˲յ֮ҪµĲҶмЩ˻¯ӿԳһ㡭
մЩ£ȥôƷ˳ϲ˳򡭡ϸȶԱȶԣ
ŷͻȻ𼱻һµĴ󹫹󹫹󻹸һȺС̫ࡣ
һʱϷҲͣˣһڹԱ
ഫּʥϿͣٹټ빬£󣡡
ĬϢʱȻ
߹ǳʲôˣ
սˡ
Ȼ֮Խ죡
֣˹ս£ʶ͵ؿ˹ü򴽣һࡣ
ֹ黩֣һʹ빬
׳ϽȥǱ˵ӣǻȥȡλ˵Ĺٷֱ͵ſڡ
׳ʱȥˡ
ȫһʱһ飬һžȥȡѵĳ
߾۵ºֺ˹Ѿȥ׼ӸһڹԱϴֲȻ첽ȥ˰øĻȥ
߾۵¿Ź׷еİ鰲׵ս£̲ס룺ΪʲôƥиôõĶӣ
ֺӣ˵ȻݵЩԼҹŮëŨ֢ܵ״ѾǶԵ֡˹ŮһأҲԵ֡ͷԼףٺúù۲۲
żѡ񡢹һŮ
˰۷Ź⣬ɿ죺ҡʲô
վγߵԪС̾С£֮ⰡλĹӣ۷оźϵĸߴ໹
γԪ˵ȻǲڣעӪӪһӵģʲôõģȨдƵܴᣬҲϲϲͨ͸ЩЩˣ񡭡Ŀͺܲҽβˡ
ԪγСֹЦŵС£󣬺˲һūžرйĹӵ²Ųæȫȣݣūһڶܵ࣡
γǳ˹԰
ԪٺЦ
γֵĵĵ֪սôϧһϹӣΪʷʲôġһԪԺ
ţͻȻ̲סԪôôԼ˵˵ǹɳ໹ԣӱ˵֪ȷЩ
ԪγĹӳѣʸЦºơ֪Ϊʲôей˵ϡ
γŶ㳤ô
ԪæǷ
γǺĿô
Ԫĥһ£˵ܱȰ
γɻ
ԪĿöûĹһÿ
γ촽̫ˡÿʲôã˺òУ


63 

սһ, ǬѾʮûд̡
õһǴǬϢǮ˿ڶȽϳԣ
һǴǬľЩϳڣ̵ĽҲܶ඼ʬλزˡ
ܴǬڵô, ̣һҪܲԴС
ʼﱸǮбǬһ޴Ļ, طʼתС
ڹֵµĹ˶, ·ϲĴ٣ɴһ˹, ӾƷ¹, Ʒֹܶʹ
û̫ĸо, һƷԶԶҪ, öҪϥĵλ
ڹȴ, չԼ¡ӭٵʱ, Ǭbaoһûʵŭ飡Ĺٿʼ¹٣
ȴԭڳ֮, ʵ˭սصʱ򣬳˼ʮǰѾû˵Ľվûһվ˵ԸǰȥĹٵʾԸʴ֣ΪǬɽ, ϧһڡ
һ£ʵۼֱͷ˺üȭ, Թǧһʱ, Щų͢ٺ», ̶ˣȻû˸ս
ʵۿЩηηǣ޲һһȫժǵԴ
ʵ֪ȥǬ˵ǧˣԼܲ޶һ˵ûΪĩʵۡ
ȥ
úõĸ
ûһֻѼԸϼܣʵĵεûã²֪ôģͱ䡣
ɻĹһΪԼ˵ȥһĹԸʴֺôİ緶һ̰ڼûһϡ
ʱһùѪͷ
ЩȺ鼤ܣٴĹԱᶪҶü
ְգһץܴܿţһȺֻֻܲʶӡ
鷢͵̫죬ܿ칬ųǽ⣬Ƽʵۿߣ๩˰Ĺ٣ǬΣʱ̣ЩپȻ̰Щƽͷգ˵֣ҲǺԥĸͶͷս޶Щٸ߹ٺ»ȴûӵơ
ٶ˻ͣһŭԣǲȥǲȥ˭ϢʮˣкܶٶǳϮһ١սûϹ
ù˵Ϯ׶ľλϹս
ʱ򴿴ȥӥ棬˳㰾սûǴˡ
ǻʵ۲ȥȺûϹսĿֻһ
һʥּǵܵõһΪսȻ٣ϮٵĹԱһս˵һ֣оλİλûλİְ
ʵ۵˼װףǬְٷϳȥ
ƷϳյϢǱȽġ
ʱڿĴ죬·΢΢ƶš
֣˹վڹߣ͵͵˿ɫɫƽȻ΢΢˵һ䣺һûɱˡ
֣˹⻰̲סʿˮ
ǣƤЦⲻЦġ
֣˹ʹĹӣҪȮһǻ˼ʮķȥôϴ·
ʵľн
Ҳ̽
ĸӴսϾqiangۣҲ°׷ͺڷˡǼȻǸŹ췹ԣͲܶԷ
⻰۾ȤζĶ˶֣˹֣˹Щ飬̫Һ͹ӡЦЦȻ֣˹֣֣֣֣ҫǾһѺ֣µؼһӯ¸ߣͷҪֵˣæ¶ˣøȥԴڿϡ
֣˹һæʵĹӴʲô˹ȥ
üëȻȥ¶ֻûһƲˡ
֣˹죬Źһ¡
ȴ΢üͷȻô˵֣˹б˴˶ףȥǰ϶飡
ãǳɵӣǲǶ֪Ҫ̵ƣôһ룬ȴҡͷѣţ
ȻҪõʲô͵ҪȸһĴۡ
ĵӲôõġ
ϣϢ˶
ԺγڳСճҧһڣԪ˵꡸ټսϢ֮󣬱סˡŴСճʱûûζԪǹҪսˣ
ԪһѾˣȥսǶõѡô
γŴߴߴСճ˵ѡս֮ϷƱ仯qiangۣɿǧսϡ
Ԫ£Ĺֲ죬ǣģʲô·ʲôǰ̣Լ
γüë˵ǲ죬ǹɸҸо˻ͦġ
Ԫγһˮŵ˶ùĹˣûֿôӼǳɵӣϸȥս
γһʱ˵ֻ̾Ϣһ˵ϣƽ
һԺ͹Ҳ̽顣
ɫе㲻ÿһЩζ
ǶӵĻҲӦңǹǸңսƱ仯޳Լɱûɱίʵɲ
ֱֹ˵ĶԹ˵磡֪жĵӣһҲǻﲻð˫ڲ඼ҪĥƤ˵Ƕ˾ĵӣȥսյĵطһȥĸô
񣺡ɡǹǶĵճӣӦȥص
磡ǲɵӲΣǽ֮£ʮг״Ԫߵ·ս˳ᢾʤǧӦ飬ɱýç򣡡
ĬһȻᵫǻǲòϹĻеģԥùȥ᲻᲻ã
ЦһʲôãΪĵôõȻ˵ӵĴҪӵĵӡĺˣĸĸ׶ȥģùȥõѡ񣡡
û˵ȻЩͬջĬµūģȻòɹۣУǾ͸ƯʯͷһÿǺÿȴֻ·ҲܹᲢۡսɣ
żڵõϢʱ򣬶ӵǲǾǸˣǺǡ
Цˣżһǳʱ˵ķͣȻһɫ¹λӣĵż˺üꡣ
¿ԷˣϷҲãүҲã϶ùȥսģǴӽôҲƤ
żѳһԼҲ˳˳ؿڣЦ绨˵ԴǳɵӺžһֱþ-̹ˡߣȥϷ밲˳үֵ֮һøʱͰ¶ˡ
ַż
ڶˣ֪Ϣ֮Ȧͨ죬ӷ˵ҺáҺãҺҶûԼĺƽӹһЩΪӱ㲻ǣս¶ֲ˰źáҾֻ˰һӣ˰ɵúúõġȻҿɻˡ
ǧƺ֪󣬶Ůսһ·ȥЬӶ֪Ҫĥƶ˫ȥȡҵ˫Ь桢Ьӡ
˵ճ̾Ϣһûӵģཻãܷ꣬ȴҪսˡӣƽ

ֵûϸ˰˵Ӹս飬˶ſˣĬһ·ĹѲʹ˵˰ɣ
Źѡ
ɫȻ
˵֪
ѶԹ㡢񡢹Ƕĵӣ׵ģֱ⣬㲻̫ࡣ¶ﻹҪۡ
һжĿŹѣ˵ǡʡá
ѵͷŴ̨̤׽ţȻԼԺȥ˰վڹߣ촽˺һſڶ΢ЦݵĹĸ磬ôģ
Ц˵ҴΪ˵սϵɽ͹ҲҲȥһ⣿ذɣһˡ
˵չǰߡ
˰վԭأ΢΢Щס
̲סüë֪Ϊʲôĸ˵⻰Щζڡ
ȻĻҹѲڣҲüװȥ
ղŹ˵ʲôû˭ȥսĻֱͷƨһ
ҪˣTNDǸɵB


64 
ֱصԼԺ, ׳˷ˡһûһԷвˣ׳ôҲ̲סˡ
ֱʣӣô죿
˵ô죿ô죿Լһ, Ҫֵѿս¶ֵܱò, ÷ǳԸǳȥ
׳һʱ˵첱Ӵ֡
ӣ
еֵ
ֱ˸еޱȵϢ
һۣһľ, ԽϸʺŶ׳˵, ֪ұƽ, ҵ˲ԼֻһһԼǰ·˳һ㡣ʰʰҹٹ, Ҫȥˡ
׳ͦصӣһȥȥģ
׳, û˵, ϵּвˡ
û뵽ϻԸһս, , ܿɹ
ӣ˵仰Ҵ׳ŹӣҲԲգһ۾ԸԸȥ
̾һѻڡԼ, Ҫһʱ嶯
׳ԴҸ˹ӾǹӵˣҾġ
վ׳һܱȥ, ʰЩǮȥǮׯɽҶҶ, ·ļв
׳ȥˡ
¿, ҲԲȥˡ
ϱȥսɱ
ֻȹˣûɱˡ
һսɱҾɱ㡣
ų̾һҲãϲֻҪгͷ֮գ
ԵͥԺ䡣
δս
ΪԲ¸γʯϣ˼ż¹Ư
֪Ҫôγ˵ԼҪߵ顣
ûгս飬ԭҪشɽʱٸγڡγͻȻҪߵ飬ҲǹԼߡڣò˵ˡ
㿪ڣγȴͻȻֱһЩһŹ۾ʹɴţǹ֪γ
γԹˣͻȻһ˵ԼĪҲӦ˵ˣɿҪȥزսˡ
ﶼǲá
ϧγȴ
γ֣ŵǿӵÿĸ׷ѹǰźĸ׶ҲҪ˧
̲סǹ˹˹ĵĸоãԼϲˡ
γдԹɺܹİ
γʱЦ§ס˹Ĳӣһ£û㡣ֻе򱧲ƽ˳˵˵ѣѡ·ǲԼԸԼߴڶʶʱ򣬾͸ò׾һЩԼҲûδ֪֪ᷢս¡
γ˵ĻͦпϵģȻĶͷȻд㲻ҪģɻúûŻġ
γţɹϵã˽
аɣҲйİڣԻġ
γȵͣˡİİˣ
γĳԾ̲סʣܳԾôɾͲİˣ
γҡҡͷȻԹ˵һֱùȻĵػǾ㲻ʲôˣһֻվøһ㡢ٸһˣȨƵλǵһҪѾӣȢ˴塣ⶨİˣҪôѾҪôۣܲѪֵܽãLun
ȻϲѾ߻ۣ㲻õλ󡣵λ󣬾Ͳܸ
д˼ǹֿԼİȥȡæˣ
γͷ˵ҾǡôԼϲһûˣⲻ̫ʵϲҲϲ
̲סЦҡҡͷ
Ȼγλ󣬵ԼҲʲô
Լⲻϲ
ôԼ
дҺʲôͬ
γԹȻһȻ㲻ʲô壬ֻССӵܣ̤ʵѧ츳Ҳã϶ܹҽǾƽƽĹһҲͦõġ
Ȼ㲻һȹǰ;ҾùƽҲͦõġٳ֮ȨвͻٲжķҪܶѹǰĵĹԼСӣĹһӾͼá
֪γ񵭣˵ЩҲǳпҺγ֪Լǹɣ֪֪ҪΪԼģ
ܽҪԼ첻ò£쵣ԼϷ𣬺찤ӣ˱˵ĺۣʱֱٲġ
͸ִһֻҪϹǿģ˾ûܰĹһա
γӡ
ڹһ使۵Ļ˵ͷϸ꣬Ͳһ˿ֻ꣬ưţҡ
ܾ籩Ĳǰ飬ǶԿļ־Ͳ꣬Ҫǻģܲðˡ
ԼԳǮ滹ٰ䷹ԣ߿Ǯϣ˴һտԽŴ궼νİ֮ȴҲİ˸Լһӵˡ
ԼԿ࣬İ˲ԡ
֪Լ뷨ԲԣҲ֪Լòãֻúñıһѡ
дһҸ
γЦţ۾˫ֽš
ʮ֮ػʹڻʹҲ̫ãһģʾͻһۡʱ͹Сӡ
һҸҾͷ˵ô죿ͬһȥ𣿡
ûԥдĶĶ
´˺ܾãĵһγдҪȥˡ
γϵЦһһʧϸֳһ˿ãȻ漴ĻţȥΪʲôҪȥ
һΪʲôҪȥ
⻰ֻΪγ˸ۡСû³ǹġ
Ҫγдһ䣬γʣȥоҽ𣿡
һʱָ⣬¡
ԼġݵǵӣȥսγΪǡġУҲͦõġ
Իźµγдģֲսֻ˿ڣβ˶ѡЩ
γǵĲѣЩθһס˹
һһҪƽ
ͷ

ǰԼݵͼ䲻С£ݣյСΪҡҲȷС¡ٸۡеְǰ϶ǹȥӦòʱС͸¶ԼʵݣСΪġԣҪҪȥоҽĶ飿鷿֮عⲽϵ߶ţ˼š
ͣȭƣ񷢺ݣ뻢Ѩɵûӣƴˣ
ڶعγȥƽعγܡûʡ˵ԼҪȥȻγԼ˵ʱᡣ
γҩߵʱ򣬻̲סס䣬ɳˣ˵úñأȫ
عûЦ
Ȼϣ˼ʹҪȥҲûиγ˵¶ʵݡ
ǣ°ɣһ˵ɵݣγͻ֪˾ҪսγģԸɴ
ع
عͬγͱʱ򣬹ϷٰõĴ
ԴӳΪ⻹ǵһΣϷò͡йѡżѡ񡢹
ǴӲѩ߳ˣھòͦõģǵЩ
Թﰵ񣬲褵ĶԹɵһֱûĶ
żѺܸˣָ˴۽ü¶βסϻҪ˵ùԵĻĵòУϻҪװ·ǫѷ˳ӡ
ɫѰǰûʲôֻй֪رֲֻ裬ôϲ
Ϸ˹ûʵĿڣǶĵӶڣҲú˭ȥΪ׵
⻰ʵĲУȴǺ֪ʶȤĵһ˵ĸԽڡһֶԹԣٹֶŽŵĲȻѧι֮УССǻս״ۡһȥΪʡ
һܳԿͣ游Ѿãջķᣬܶû;ɴ˻ȥΪ׵
޵ı˹һʶ࣡
ʼû̧ͷһ۹
վԼûΪӸĵӡ
Ϸ˺͹оùá
żʱα˵оޱȣȥôУСҶûչ㣬˺ܶ˺ܶ
пѵĵǰͷĸ׵ḷ́㲻ȥһȥҲеģڶúøүͺˡ
ʱеͻͻġ
˵һ䣺ȻˣȥͺˡҾͲȥˡ
֪ԼΪһʱˬ£ĶţЦºͣ˵ĸ׵Ľ֮ģĸвҪ˵δչҵĻˣθʱĸ׶ʳס΢ڡĸҪǻ˵Ļ


65 
ȥս, ҳǿܣʵΪȥõѡ񡣵ʱܽҵҲܹҫ鹡
˵, ѱ˼, áж־ķΪǧԣǼõ, Ϊûп㡣
лľ˹ˮơ
һ֮󣬹ѵعսȥ, ҪȥӪǲ
Ӧ֪
ɢȥ, ԺһӦԼҪõĶŽҩ䡣
ʱȱҽҩģܹЩĶͶһЩҲ, ԼҲ, ɸΪ֮ѵ¶
׼쿴һʰĶʱ, ͹¹ͥԺ
ӣ̲ס˵ղ, ˵ʲôҫ, ЦǸӣܴսϻѡ
䲻̧ͷŹ˵βϲҲΪûȥսŶȥġ㲻л, ҲҪڷ
ƲƲ죬˵磡˵ȥ̰Ĳ, ӻ, Ҫڸ˵ӲСǵôģⲻ, ս£͵һƳȥ
ŹҲֻεĳ̾̾һȻ˵˵ֵģܶϽ𡣼ȻѾǵӣպ㻹лúúͽɣһӣֻŽǢܹٲʢ
˵ȥֻ¹վ¹ͥԺŹıӰ̬ȣһ˸ۡ
ĵʹѶȫ綼Ǻ˵ӣô಻壬֧𶨱𣿻ԼˡһֶζûУʲô忴͸ˣǴʲô
ֳЦЦҲԣҪǲѩҲôҡǲ֪ĸ׶гǸǻ۹ˣôƫƫôߡΪǣӸвͬ
գתŲĻԼԺȥ
˳ҪսϾͺˡ

ȥĴ󲿶Ӻܿͳˡ
ǰҪ죬Ժܼ
һЩûϹս±ֱ಻ԡ
ЩӡΪǹٻӵܣŴЩƶϰռҵӵܾûˡ
ûһζʹڴɽѾϰҲʱʱڸϸϢϣӦһʱ䡣
Ȼÿ춼ҪϺܳһʱ䡣
սϵ۵ģҪǸȥпܾͰڱˡ
һЩ˵ע⣬ȵ͵ذӪկʱ򣬴ҶˮԸмദĻ㲻ĵӸ
ôźúõʲô·
ǰǰԼܣڰɣ⻹ûϱսˣ㲻ܲ˴еʧ˰ɣ

ЦЦ˵սǰսʱѪ
Щ˷׷Ц˱Ҳ̫ƴˣݣʱս϶ʿǣֲĴǰ档
ɫҲûб䣬ֻ΢΢ĹţЦ
Աߵ׳ҪȣأԼͺáԼ˺Լ
׳ԹӣϰԶԶ·ɻûӦҵðһ࣬Ȼɾ߲ˡ
ڰ֣ϢģԼ
׳ֻ
ǱӵѾӸҩˡ
ﰵҡҡͷȻóһƿԼĻͣСȼ⡣ʱ򣬵ò̧࣬ͷʱ򣬿Ա߲ԶһľګšһûһµĴԼȡ
ôӵܣֻûӣҲֻƼݣûԱһҲ֪һҵġ
ιһԷתͷĻ͸סˣòĵһл
֪ǲܹҵĵӣղ΢
ֻλȻ˵ǵӣʵϹҲϲˡ
ܹȢ˲΢ĸû꣬΢ĸױȥˡܹ֮󣬺ĸԲ΢̱òУܹҲ˿ܣԡεӲξ¼΢Ҳ͹࣬ǱƳȥġ
֮ͬȥһ·վãʶ̸ҲȤ΢Ȼ̸ѧ峵ǶԱʲô̸ֽҲ˵ͷͷǵʶȥһ·ϣҲ÷ơ
ǵʱ򣬷Ѿսೡˣֵ̣Ҳ߰ģвٵѪ
·Աڷʬ塣
࣬ӵܿǰӣҲһ෢˸ܲѪȳ棬ֱˡ
ڹߵĲ΢ɫҲѿ
ȵ˾Ӫ˰סһȦӪأʮһ
ȥ֮Ҳû˱ԹСʲôģ֪طڴ̣ûʲô޵ġ
ӿЩĶ飬ڽܼġ
ԴЩ˵̬ȸԴȫһ
ϣصĽһʮȥظ硣
ҲûʲôĲȣֻҰ¹⯡á
׳ȴе۵Ĺλϣٱһ˵λԶĳȾλһ
˾ٱʮָӡ
һھƺ󣬷űЦݵ˵λصȥҲ˽ˡǬʮ̩񰲣ͻȻӦʵ˼ҲһʱżЩλˡ
˵˭˵ˣԶܵ۶ۻˡ
˵ˣһأһ´Ǭһش󽫾֮ҲǺõġЩ඼ֵã
˵ҵȹؽ鷳ˣպؽա

ĬҲûкȡֻմմ촽
ԱߵĲ΢ƶûȣҲѧһЩ
ؽڲȤһ̸Ц˵ȾƳԲˣܿͺһҹӴһƬҲ඼֪Ⱥҹ˭
㷹һ˵Ȼ˵λӵλ󣬵ﵽײǴǬǷˡԣΪܹõĹʿͲ̫⡣ϣܹ⡣ȻֵµıܲãҪִЦġ
ɫʱ΢΢е壬ʵ⡭ôһ̫ⷨ
һ󰲾
ʱЦ˵ķģǱӪĺŽһ죬ͷλӣŲˡ
һʱɫֺ
˵͵ӦõӦõģȻҪѵġѵһôܹΪñˣ
ʮеľٱлλ¹ĳĳپλһ
ȫûô˵Źɣ촽˶ںȾƳ̸ʱ䣬þûгԵôȵʵĻȣĳ
ҪԶȡ⸱ܹø߶ǿ׳
˳㻹͵żвһЩ⣬ȥ׳
ڣһʮʮʱ򱱽Ѿǰѩ˲
ͨҼһȶҲһЩ
ܶ˶۶˵ûͦʶģ˵ôˣֻڷأϱûˣû١ⲻˣϽźúðͽͽᡣ
·ˣȵ˶˯Ĳˣ΢ͻȻʹģ˵ǹؽô𣿡
ûл΢Ϊ˯ˣ䲻ĳ΢˵ץʱ˯һд𴲡
΢һ
ڶһ磬ˡϳ˵ڡִʱҪֵҹ࣬Ҳôˡ
ʲô¡
Žǻûʼˡͬһ̵ͨҡѣġ˯Ժģݺݵ⣬ʹһ𣬴д
ˣʱҪƴ
ĵˣ뱻ɱӺ͸Ͻ˼С
Ա׳ǵҲˣ½Ĺ׳죬ϻеϵĳԳ͡
ӡ
һͷ˵߰ɣȥЩ
΢Ҳˡ
˴jing￴ˣԥҲ˼гȥ
ҹӾͲһˣ԰ѵĹǺ޲ܵ
е˱ˣŽǴˣӸͷ˯˹ȥ
УҹӦʮˣʵʮˡ
һƳ̸Ĺһװվ̨ϣȻŹǡ
ȵôˣЩȡϾҪϼʮˣúøš
ĸ˵˼䣬ЦЦȻԸٵߣʮ
ҹǶʱһݡ
Ӫﻹ˯ҹӶʱͱһȺʿ˳۴С󺰴֪˭֪ҵ˭
Ȼѹѩϰǹ·ʱ򣬾ֻʣ˲Һ
ҹǣ
ľ
ǱϱѪģˣͻȻ;ùһҲˡ
±һ֮ȥʳŶӴ˷ˣǴͷһɲ
΢˫ӲӲͷ΢΢ʹô֪ᡢᷣˣ
һӵĿ
ҧһͷһ˵µġ
ˣ
£̲ס˵лл˸磡˸£û


66 
, οЦЦ˵ؽһоͽ˵ʱ, ˵ЩҪعصĻˡ
Ȼͱ˼ʮûн, ССּǧ˵սʵСؽطؼʮ꣬ȻʲôĴ֮ˡ
պǿܻսĵһǰҲһ, ԴһǼӽѵǾ仰սǰսʱѪ
˵⻰֮, ͷҲ˶ӡ
ʱ˲ҹͬĶԹ˵ˡġĸ, ݣôǰߣ
Цسǽ˶, ǰ߾һ𣿡, Ĺ, ǧǧƽˣ˵һ̤ȥ, ˻
Ϳ̿ĳǺֲܿġ
Щ˹Ļ, һһĶ̲סʿˮ
Щˣܶûɱ˵սˡ
극ּһʱ, ΢׳Ҳš
ڹŸԹǵЦЦ˵ǸɵЩ˼ҹ, ڻһȺҷˡδĴǬЩ, ỵ¡ʥּ˵, úòǣҲضĴ
Щ˶ٶǶʶֵģо̵֪ʶҲͨʿҪҪ죬԰ǼӽΪСҲһ¡ǱżգǱźˣٰǴɢĶ顣Ǿûûĳ߽﷿Ӫȥ
ǣ
֪Ĵ㣬ÿ춼ںŬѵ
ڣغͱ˵սһδ죬Ҳһս
󲿶ӣȺӵܱո
һֱڴİ׻̫ڰ׻ѩϲŽ
ǹһսȫѪȻصӪصʱҲԲ£۾ǰȫѪɫ
ڶ죬ֽŴ
죬Ŵ
ڵ죬ˣٹǡصΧǽޣرȴǰ
һһѵʬȼսζֱǡ
ˣ͵ҽӪ
۵üëɵڵϣѪͣҧԼԼһµʱһ𣺡
ۿȥҲʮִ㵣ع
عæŹ˿ڣȥҩʱ
һ㡸öȥļʱһصĴʹ
Ҳûлعᶯʲôֽš
عʣôôصˣſţܶˡ˵˴ûġ
û˵ԼΪ˾ϷˣֻЦЦ
ϣ
عҲģҪǵʱλǣ˭ȥ
̲סЦݸˣʣôоҽ
عԹƥ𣬱궬ĩӦòμҽ˵ģһս£ʵסˡ
عкøвһˡ
ǰڴɽʱعѧʮϽ
ضְԼʳиŪˡ
ڹҰΣڼǰ;ǰΣصսҽ
عԽĽġ
ع꣬˱Ӫ˵ϣԼ˿ʹûһ仺麹ʱҧ׳͵һ顣
ӣˣ
Լ׳ȥҵҩ˵ѾƵĲС
׳һˡ
֧ŲסɻȥصĴϢһʹüë
ʱعҩ촽عļˣϽߣҩڵϣԼ齱ߣ
Ī˿ڸȾˣģǧ£ҪŹȥҸ㻻ҩ
ĸȾѪıҩݡҩҲ֮Ūˣ¶һƤⷭڣѪ졣
عҪҩֹ׳ȥҩˣԼЩҩȰҾ˿ڣл
عڹҧҧȻ˵áһâɭɭ¶ìͷͻȻӣҩҴˣ
ع߷Ȼֻա
ķԸ׳ҩԼҧԼ崴ҩعһ˺һûжҲûгæ
ûϵûϵ˵
ֻҪ´λˣԼһл֡
ˮ¼ҩ֮󣬼ϵ˿һƬľʹϵ麹Ҳɢȥ
Ƥ
عӢޱüĿǳҲĹڱҩ뿪ʱҧס촽
˿ϼһ㲻˿ڵҩۣŹᱻĥȥ˱ӪС
һ˲ɸȾͻһغѾȣǹҽȻͬСɡùҩתΣΪ
γСԼᱻ𴩡
Ȼعû뵽ΪһʧܣһعûлԹ֡
ΪԼһ֧սʱҽƶӡڽագ¹ˣһҲЩҽȻһЩȼ֪ʶҪõһЩߣбȽϹصľҩģ˲ٵǮǹüͷûһ¡
ЩطˣǮҲǾ衣
ΣˣֻҪܹ˶һЩǮҲͻˣؼһ׬ǮҲҪġ
ȥĻƽûͦõġ
˵ع˵ʱΪΪ˰Ϸ嵲˿ӵһй˸С졣
ӵܼʶսпᱧûãְ˸ɢ˱ӡֳ˸˾ûþ齨Լ¶ӡ
һսɱͣȡ˶ԷСԴһ
һα͵ϮأۿűҪţ˰˼عʱûıڣڵȼӽȺƥʧĴҴܣΣһ˲Ǭʿʱˡһһ
һһ죬˺ʹǬʿ˼ײնнһqiangһqiangֱӴϷһ͸һȬ֮󣬹Ϊ⣬ƷϳƷѾܴǧ˵ְλˡҪǹᵽߣúࡣ
ڹ˵ٲٵģΡҪǣ͢ٵʱһǮҲһӣһʮӡ
ھУʿġԪ˧ġµĽײʽ
ܹŴȻҲΪߵͬ۸֮ͬԸΪԼµʿûǮûи˭һǻѪĸ
ʶͷϻûʲôǮ֣֣֣֣ҫǴؼһ͹Ǯܲʲô
ʱһʮӻʮԼֵµı⣬һӣԥһ£ȫ˳ȥһˮͷõ
ޱȣ覴ã͸ˮۼ
̳ͬ񣬵ʱ͸γ
ԼӪ񣬽׳˵˾ҽˡ
ʱŽ룬ѹҲæŵ
վӭˣôп
˵Żع˵衣
عŶ̶һѾƷεĹԵĸпԹżɽĵеġԴһδս֮Ҿʤ˵Ҳˣ˺ʹǬսѾβ׶ΣٴһĿԲǺܴ󡣳͢´͵ʱҲ˶ּҽһģҲܻؾˡϵձȥ㡭ڷش𣿻ǴöΪ߶ؾȥ
ЦŶعȥǼ¶㱾Ӧ̫ҽԺţѾڷشôãˡʲôʱߣ㡣
ȴǶ߶߶ȫش
عùǸԽԽ˵Խˮ©˵ľȻǰֲԸ͸¶ȴЦúУûһŤ
һ꣬ǡҪȥûʲôҪҴСµģšԺŸңҰ͵С
һʱع˴
˵м


67 
عһ, ȥһﲻǺܿȥ޵һЩСһӣعæ͸γġ
γ۾, һ, ûидš
ս·æҲûиʲô
˼Ѿ缢ƿʡ
ֲòڱϾòײڱվȽŸ
ع˵, ս½Ҫ󶨣ôΪ, Ϣʮ, һѾһˡ
Ȼϴα˰ˣʤ˱ҳ, ˲ưոݵ, źܿͻ
عǱһ֮, һʱ֮Ϣʱ, ˴򿪹γǸӡ
߰ʲôС
̸񡢱ζë׼ˡߵɳӡ
ع⿴˿, ûʲôֵǮĶˡ
ʲôضûУγϲЩ߰Ķ
۸γϹۣȻγܻϲ, һһһһƥϺõؽչҰԡ
֪ع˻ס
ǰعžͻȥͬ塣
һ¹ȥ, عص˾, һ, ȻȥγȻû˵һӶǹ׼ģֻ˵Լ׼ģȻ󻹰Լŵ
γԪȡͷպԣһ߳һ˵ҲҪ۾ңҶèèЩëĶﶼôûһֻ¶ëëعллԼŰɣ
عˣγܸˣҪһպͷγ۾ĵɴЩ˵úó-عĺöҡ
ع¡
ųԵγ
ǱߣȻƫƧٵع㣬ǷعջǺŨġȻؼԲҹʱ򣬱һγ䲻Ĺ˷ء
һηسʧأ̤ƷأפطصĶ鱻䡣˳ƶ£һʧأʱʮسǣ̶ȫʧء
£ʮ˿ڵı߹سʧսڳſڡ
һĿڵûȬһ·ˣ׳һ·ټвԭȥ
̤ɽӣԱĻ̻̣˶Ҫϻʵ۹£ܿ㡣ֻҪϻʵۼ£ġ
쳳£ûи⡣ֻسǵıʿǿԸ
ڴͬʱ˳ԭڵأֻʣһ档
㡸Χκԡͬʱ׼
յϢı˽죬г嶯ĵҪתͷȥҵеķŭȴûжʲô뷨
뷨ǡ
ûùյ˿ӱʯҷƺļӶ۾ӡ
һ̳Ĭ˺ܾãȻ˼زɵȥ˺ܶ档
ڣ˵췢ˣǬĽܶһҲܶڶΣϼûˣʲôûˣ
ʱͣ²˼ǧ˷شԭҪɱ
طʯĶ࣬õصʯzhaҩһ·죬Ѫɡ
쳣
õϢıʮʱתͷҪԸӱ϶ĹżǧͻΧ
͢Ԫ˧ͳϽԾܱ
ʱ࣬ʰصʮؿո˼ʮ˿ڵǳء
ʱ˿̣׳΢ȶʮžһɳ̡׳Թ˱ˣҲܴˡ
û˵
Ҳû˵
ڣһһڵȼգ֪˶ã̧ͷ۾ȼյܻ棬˵һ䣺ֺ࣬
׳֡
ȴĿƵĶŹ
վԹϥأԸΪЧ
һֱû飬ʶֻ֣ŹָĴģԴȥ׳һ;ҵĲ˺һ
ӡѵҪ췴
׳ļ˵ǰغҵٴqiangԼɣôֵǮҹֵǮٹǻؾѵͲ뵱ĪǶԺҹӺֵ
׳ۿͨ죬ͨ
룿
ӵĸ׹ҲǸôܵ
̾һ˵ƿˡ
գͬĸععΪת͸γ

ͱǩսԼ֮󣬹һȹ֮𣬷»ƴլۡĶ
ĿҲΪ
ɾھ˵Źλ¹ؾлʶƵʱ򣬹ûȥٷϾ˴Ű֮󣬹˺Լһ·ɱأʱһ꣬ɱͥ塣
ԭƳ˾йϽǬͼ˰㿪·ͨޡ
ͬʱûзȨոʧءϽʮǳطΧڣ徭ΪĿĿĵѧʷѧѧƣµϵ
˿ɵۡǷˣǣû
ǲܷû͢ں͹ƽⶼ΢
һǱǿ׳ĳ͢Ҫֻܹ£˵һǬҪĳ
һǱǿ׳ԭӵʮǳعؿɹ˿عһ
͢Щצ
ʹƻȼ鷿߹ϻʵ۵Ϸģ˼Ҿ嶼߶췴Ҳġ
ԭסڻʹĻǣлعرʱγҲڡ
ֲγģʱ˶򵽾ˣʵӺͲ֮
γ˵Ը̫֮λؾʿʹ
ʵ۷γ̫ӵʥּˣͣ˹ͷ
ȻԣݶϷ
ԣγǸͷ̫ӡĻûһġ
ʵĵĻΪ˼Ҿ嶼ڣͲ췴𣿡
߹ĵȰοʵۡ
Ȼγڵʣڶǰӹıȹ磬췴򵽾˵䲻ģһڳŵľչˡ
һݡ
ƿԣ
ϻʵľƣ̾ϢһΪƣС
ѵûص˿Աǰѳ𣿡
Զԡ
γĵ±ˣҲֹǼɣ
ȵ鷿û۳ʲôֻƽ׶˶Թļɵ˶ɢ֮γص޹
ԪһյˮһС֮Ԫ˵ҽһˡ
γʲôʱߵģ
Ԫһ֪ʲôʱˡ
γʲô𣿡
ԪûСū˵ҽͷеѸϰʩҩҪ
û˵꣬γ˴̧ԪĻ˵֪ˣȥͺƱǧɡҲֻôˡ
ԪЩ⣬ƲƲ
Ȼ󲻸ʲԸӦһǡ
Դع͸˵һ֮ͬ󣬵¾ͺعߵļĽҪΪ˻ʹ˶ӣʲô鶼й˸ţºع֪ǸʲôΡ
Ԫò
һҽƾʲôŸ°͹ӽ¡Ȼ£
ҽúҽǹ¡½ǮȻȥʩҩȫԼĺ
ȫ˭һعҽģ
˭һعҽ߳
Ԫ
γ²豭֮󣬴ӻһͬǻ״ԲƬǿԶġ
γЩꡣ
Դعݣ˶Լ֮γ;Լعİһһ䵭ˡ
֪Ϊʲô
֮ںعһ֮󣬲ۺһʲôγûǰζˡ
ãԼǲֻϲԼӻ㣬˵˵ɵζ
û͵͵һжȥ˼飿
γҡҡͷԼҪ̫࣬鵽󶼻һƽҪ뿪һ
عҪӵԺγɵġ
ʹγں͹ĵദУγܾŹӦһʵɾ
ˣȨ·ϵǷ켫ҲûܹΪūˡ
ǣ͢߻ܼɵɣ簲а֮գһϹӶвٲġ
һ˼ҿ϶һӶԲ˶ߡ
ֹγô룬ĻЩҲ׷ô롣
˶ù췴һԲ˶ߵľǹҵʱȴôΪ
Ϸ˺͹ѾùǸʮТ˳ĺӣھͳ͢ϵ΢ǲڻ췴ɷ𢣬ֻһҪҵ˶ѡѡ
żѾùѾΪˣһˣԼٶβãҲӦ
ǾͲһˣܾùѾλһȹǽҲܹӡ
и˵˼һ㡣
ڹЩ˶޹ؽҪ
ɳȥΪ̽Ϣ˻ˣ̫ϣϾǰѾɳȥܶˣ˺ЩûдϢ
Ȼ˸˵˸Ϣԭһ·ɽԼ񿴵ڱѹ档
ҩǱ˵һӣҶ̵ģ״ɫĻ۾ϻ
ԣѩɽҶӸƬһ࣬״Ҳĸ˪һļƷʹʧ˸
ǿǱһҩݡ
ҡҲ֪ûáܵҵȻ顣
̳
ʱһ£㵽˴ɽͣѩɽµɽѿһϱﻹĹ⴫ʱʱľʹѩ̮ʯ顢صĸһ
ѹȱߡ
̫Σˡ
ϣ
ֻͨڰҹţһζ֪ǲǻϰԡ
׳ԹӣҴЩȥɣ̫Σˡ
΢һ˵ͻѩѹһ紵ݶͻ׹ʯͷ׹顢̮֮Σϵ̫ߣùȥðա
˰֣˵Ҵһ˽ȥͺˣԽԽ̮
׳ϣȥҲһ
ҡҡͷҶҩζУҽȥ°빦ȥ±롣˵һ̮ˣ㻹ܸϽԮ


68 
, Ҫ̬ɫ̫ںͱѩӽҪɴϸϸȥҡ
ΪϣѶȸһβֹ
, ȻȫⰲȻ, ǹ۾Ϊѩԭܵһ̶ȵӰ졣۾۽Ĥͨ죬ˮ, ӭᣬ
ȵϢ, ٽȥѰҡһμ, ҵ
һһأժҩ
òȥ޶֮ϵһͼŵײײĳȥˡ
ҩЧǺܺõ, Լ۾Ϊѩä֢ܵĺܴӰ, ڽҩ֮, ϴַģ֮, ۾ȫˡ
ӭʹ֢״ʧһɶ
ȻҩЧô, Ҫγ۾ȫֻЩǲġ
ֻÿ߰¿š
룬óս
ƺõҩһһݴãŹдγ, ͵عĸϡ
عż𿪣дЩ˹Цع֮Աǣֱһ, Ȼ󻯳˻ҽ
ЩҩعЦ
ֻҪܹƺγ۾, γ϶, ʱһһ
ԼѾȨƣκγ۾ͻһ¥ǹŸγ棬һγ棬ԼĶ෬ıֻ»Ṧһ
عĥôùȥķӣŹ͹ҩĽ˻ʹ
γϴһ۾ҩ˰Сʱ֮۾Լ۾ƺһ˿˿
ܾϲĶع˵Լĸܡ
عֻҪȥò˶Ӧû᳹׿ˡ
γϲ
һֱعЩˬԪҲɵðع˳һЩȻһưģȷʵе͵ġ
ֻҪܰѵµ۾κãҲ´ˣ
عȥ֮ĥīˮɫζļζyaoдŹȥ˵Ч
γĿǸдһţùΪعֻǴдġ
ֻҪᷭȥĿţһսθʱľͻȻ
Ҳֻͻ񼲡

΢Ÿţ˴Ȥĸ磬ɾˣѽ-˵˵ô¶ǡˣ鴦ˣҪ˵ǻǸϽؾȥһȥ꣬˼Ҵʮĵ㵽ʮţҲǵȵ˹Թˡ
࣬װͰ͵ĵ˵˵˵
˳ʹ׳ҩˮݵĲ۾ϡ
׳ԹӣҩѾ½ʮȥˡǱߵӦù˲Ŷԡ㲻ãӣô۾źþͽȥҩʱ۾Ϲġ
һ
Ȼ˵ʮŸҩ߸Ƴ̡û¶ڱԽ롢ԽߵĵطԽࡣԺȥҲĿĵһˣٶ۾̫Ӱ졣
Σհ
ѩ

׳ﶼµòУôȰȰ
Ӵ
ԸԼգҲԸȥ
һҩƺˣͻȥӴһš
ʮΣʮŸҩȫ˻ȥ
عдҲԽԽã˵γ۾Ѿް˵۾Ѿûʲô
ܸˡ
ڷغϰһ˸֮󣬴̻ؾ
ֵ֣ͬµŵϵǺ˵ƣڶʰ·
մ㷭ͻȻ΢ĽɫֻܽܽͻȻѪزˣ
һ㶡
ȣҽ
ԼææĸϹȥ΢۷ףѪȫޣϢ
ãȻʹѡ
ҽܿϵΪԹθ£췦ڰ
ڲ˰
ϻٱյģ΢ʫдģ˵һλؾһҪܼ˺úۿǶô磡
Ȼڣ
Ȼڲ΢ȴ𽥱
ۿͨ죬棬˶ڲš
ݿ죬Ų΢ʬ壬˻ţҲţ飡Ҳ飡ǲ¶ǲҪıǲҪıңȥ飡
֮󣬶ʱ¿ʼ顣
Ļ̻̣
󣬵һż˹ϵʱ򣬹һĺˡ
du
ǡǺǣdu
µһûһ˵
һƬš
׳ɫֵĿɫҰ״ܴĹ
һţ촽ʣҪɱңɱң
γҪɱԼ
ˡˣ
Լ飬Գ͢˺ܴвɣ
γǸʵ̫ӣΡ
ԣ±˴మȴȨ
΢ˡ
ΪԼţ˶ԲŻ
Լֵܣôˡ
űһţҧѪ
һγعγҪɱԼϻʵЩָʹعҪɱԼ˵γϻʵЩһȫҪɱԼ
ء
Ҫؾúò顣Ź֣Բᡣ
һ۾ﺬŹ̵ˮŲ΢ʬ廯˻ҽ컹ʻˣȴһǻҡ
֮󣬹ֿ˲΢ı
ؾ

Ϊ˰ȫؾ˼·󲿶һ·αװСʮ·ԼҲСװӱޣʱ࣬ڶСмصľ
һûлضҲûȥع˸صط漴ͨ˹еˣ̫͢
Ҫȥγ
ûȷγɱ֮ǰԼġҪˡһ꣬뿴ǲǻã
۾ǲرģ
ĺ
һһʯϲĸǰ̫ͷû̧𡣿ƽƽû˿עĵط
ڶˡ
ͨĴ̫һ˷Ըúý԰Ұݡ֦ŪɾҲҪϴɾˣͩͺúõĻһ飬ϸŵҪǸɲòϸǵԴ
ȻԹ֣㣬Ǳߵĳȡ
̫һָǱ߶ǡγ޹
ͰӣݹǷǳ·˼׵˼סҲ󷽷ţעĿ
˹ȥĨŪʪš֮ϸϸĲųȣһӣ˴źȻƿһ㴰϶
Ȼûеγڷ˯ĳγӱ衢ĳǡعӵվһγȻҪһγγЦŶ㿪ˣ˵ġ
عûǿЦŵҲû׽
γⲻڹ˶ӵģһƼ˲á
عЦЦ
ȴЩƣ
ڶγҲԸԼ׽ͬݵʱҲ˵Ҿ֪㣬Ȼͬ񣬿ĵ
ࡢ࣬һӵǼޡ
عҲֵֹģôԹ§ֱģԼȴá
ȴ糣˵Ȼȥˣչʱ㡣
γûµģ̫ҽԺô¶æģնҡʹȰ˵Լ塢ʼǶعԽԽòϲˡ
һͨӵûһо
չЩᷳ
ÿعҪԼ׽徹Ȼܿܡ
ع뿪ȰԼǰǰӹ˽ʱ飬ʱ̼࿪İЩ鲻ӿ𣿿ôعûоˣ϶쳤վʧȥˣвС㲻ʼοκ۾
عγԷûۿڵϲŷ̫ࡣ
ڵתعĲһ˫۾ú͵âһһһεѪ
ʱ֨ѽһſˣγ߳ǿסԼļ˵ķŭԼγµ˼ǿԼջĿ⣬ҪԼֵ쳣ؾصҪγи
Ȼγȴ˵һ䣺ôˣôѪˣ
£˵ţصµĻūŲСıľ֡л¹ģ¡
γ촽üȻӻͳһӣùֳĸϡ˵»õЩҪëëꡣˣ̲סЦиСС
ԡˡĺãֹסķᡣ
γҪˣع˶عǰ͹ȥҪߣ۾Ƴɫ̫ñµĶ䣬֪ôģļ΢΢һ̲סٴͣ½Ųŵͷ˳·˼׵Ĺԥ˺һʣ㡭ʲô֣
д֣֪γΪʲô֣ѵԼݱˣ
ѹ΢˳ĵص£ūŽ
γĪ̫ڲԼܿѹԼֹ뷨ôƭԼҵġ
ԼΪʲôһĪ׽ĸо
γٶ뷨˹ۣ̤ȥˣûñعԼôĶĸоף
Ȼʶع뷨γɫֱ˱䣬ŲԽٵȥˡ
γЩĪ
γĻ׳棬Ҳû̫ࡣڻԼǲǳʲô

γźԪǽϵĵ˹ſڣعѾ˹ˡ
γһɰعĽ̫ҽԺĹƣԥһ˸عȥԼ͹ȥϾû⹬ƣعȥ̫ҽԺֵȥš
Ԫγ˼˵£ٹʱ˹ү֪͢Ǹʲôʱ򣬲ʲô¶ɡŹ˹үڻûؾȥú棿ʮ壬쾮ǱӦһһȵĻᣬֵĺܡҪҪȥ
γԭ˼ʱˡ˵ͷ
عۡȥ
صۡعúԡһ֮󣬷㡣ҩóһɫ޵С
Ȼѹγǲ֪γ᲻
γҪ׼
ۡͨγϵʱعʱЦˡ
ӭγ
γѹƵݸعЦ˵´οɱˣһ˿ˡ
عЦŵЪȿڲ裬ͷ⺹
γȿڲ裬ֵʱˣ㻹δŰɣˣ糢Ǹգ
γ̲ס㶼þûи±СˡȥĻҾԣ㲻ĻҴҪȥ쾮Ǳ߿ᡣ
عЦŵ±С⽣ұ±ӻĺúõģ±ȥ
ع˵ĺȴ鷳ĺܣڶǰʱ򣬱γԵòҪ˷ӡ
˿ʱǳ׳Ψһ֪γϵˣȻûʲô
ع˵һȥš±ˣøͷڹǰ㣬ȥ쾮Ӱɡ
γ˶Ҳ֣ͷ
عʱӷ¯γȺȵ衣γͷȥˡ
˳дԪһȥǱ߳Է͡Ȳ衣
γع鷿ɸɾīʮ㣬Ҳҽ顣Ա߷һϢĴ齣γŴϵĳде̲סЦˡ
ΪϵĻǽɫͺɫ֯
ϲ졣
оƽʱϲ¡ȽصعЩ
γҲûôϣֶֻ豭ĺȲ衣ʱعͻˣڷſڵһɫᡣع˽ְŹϺγǰȻγ˵㴩ȥ쾮еעĿˣ绻ûıô
γͷԿ˿Լ·΢΢ͷ˵á


69 
ӻʹʱȫǸղعӵγĳ, 죬Ѫӿ޵ҧгݡ
ǧǧѵĲ롪
γ, ֻһֱԼѡΪγǸ, ʵϵԼ
γͲˣֻڵȨƵλ̫ӺЩãԴԼԼ
γǻϲԼ, ǲϲˡʱ΢еȨƵˣвǺġĸ׹, Ϊ, ԺŮ˫˫γֻǸʵ̫ӣǵ̫ˡ
عһ߸ԼддУԼ̫ع˿, ֪֪治֪ġԼʵع, عȴһ, һǲԼһ߼װԼγ
뵽һЩõĿ, මȻһ, ֱԺ
ӡ׳һȺ¿˺µĹ׷ײĿĿ¶ǣ׳̲ס˹һ
ɫҰ, ƺһơʯΧǽϣĬ˺һ
׳ûôʱ
ڹ̧ͷۿƺЩ졣
׳˵ټ, Ҫȥһ˸
׳, ʵ, δھͱ¶ݣ᲻᣿
˵ȲˡȥŪࡣ
׳ͬ⣺ӣİȫҪģ
ĵľֻûʼ£ǲġ
˷׷Ȱ˵Ҫðգǹ˼֮ǷԸȥټȥ˸
گһ£ԭھǱ˳һ룬Ѿˡ˸ǰϡ
˸ǰŷЮֵɱѪ֮εض𣬵Ǿͱ͸̲ס˫һҪȥţǶˡ
ŷǰͷǸµˣһ£浶Ул˸̨ףĿⶼûиŷֱӿż
ŷôһ˲оԼȪһ⡣
˸һһĿżŹǰСЩӵһź˫ȷĶߣصĲڳ̨£еֱӾ̱ڵϡ
΢Щ춯֮֡
ǰͷγ̫ԪǣڿǵʱǾֵġǼԪ
εѡ
ǰڶʱĹº˵´˽˵ġ
겻ūӡӼӹͥԺһɱ
һһ壻
һһ
Ҫˣ
̫ҪЮ̫ʣ
ȻԪǻûüͨ籨ţͱֵµ˿Ѻ
еͥ
ͥˣ΢Ҫһ㣬˸һߵսľһҪȥعšǱֵµһֱذ׶ϣʹĲҺ
ϧع鷿ͥеԶعع鷿Ǳ߾ֻڣȫǲȥˡ
ع鷿棬鷿ŵڿʱˣ˲̿֡
鷿ͯҪͨ籨ţֶָ̧˲ڳ˽ͯ°ж
鷿ǰ˶١
洫ѪŵĴϢ
ҧѪ
飡
һŽ߿ˡ
ǰһĻ۾Ѫߵ˲ʱ˵ߣ̧ͷ࿴һۡ
⶯̫عʱ̧ͷɴ۾Ź벻Ȼ
Ӧûڻؾ·
ûкŲòγҩ췹
ǡôھͳ
γ۾ɫ룬ļ٣ԼԾԼ·ʱ˿½ɢңȴΪԼû⿪ᡣŵЬѾˣعȥȥ
ŵʱԵ̾㡪
ع͵̧ͷͻĹ̲סˡЬͻȻͲˡֵ̿ĿɱڵĹֿҩ벻ѽϦ֪ϦγȻˣ˹˹ǡ˵㿴ǡ
κνƱ磬ڿعduγʱΪʲôϻôɱӣԭĿƲסŭҽˢѪܵ״̬һȫɢ
㲻ɱҡ㲻ɱңˡ
ȵѪڹϣֵµ˴ûô
ȥ
ι
عʬ׺ܿͱȥҲϡֻʣʲô֪γ۾Ť˺ղ£Ҫ̧ˮ𡣿һγıǻ￪ʼѪ˷ʹֱӴˤ˵ϡ
û۾ʼץԼƤһһѪĿġ
ᵶվŵĹγӣ촽ʹĲ£ڣһ˵ϣӵϰ˱ѹڴϡ
ʹȵطȻӲ
һľʹγȻyaoʹyao˫ѡ˫Ѫ˿ܲ˵Ƥðźӣȷ̡ʹ˼һ˲
ֻҲֻôһ˲˼硣
ֻۡ
ľۣ
Ӳۣ
ѵۣ
˺ۣ
ĳҵУƺɼ޷԰Ρֻ沨ٵס
ѹʱǷǳ㱡
Ϊعĸӡ
һֶķŻ״̬ʱֳ
ҲҲعֻһʱ֮ˣˣԼһܲǲģͼԼԭعǾöģ뱻ع֮а顣
ֱһİ׳ǰ
γ˶ˣɴ۾㵡֡Ȼŭһһ۵︡֡
飡
γȻƿ˹˴齣ˤڵּ·סԼ
һһȴͻȻʪʪĻĶ̧һѪ
ʲôˣ
ʲôعʲô
عģعģعôˣ
ˣ˰˰
ȻȻ
γʱȵס
γԼ˻ֺ̿£һһۡγ˵عҩҩĻѪܱѶ
γݿ죬ʹ޵عҩһʱˣҲҲ᲻Ը⣡ƾʲôƾʲôôңزʶ
սȭͷγ·һ̾ͻᱩӣ˲ɪһ²ӡ
΢һ·γ߹γʱȥš
˲һʹǴط˺壬·ӶŵǵطѪζβ׵ʹȫʹһ
γ˵ڷϣ˫ȴ߹·𿴵һʹţɳƵĺţ˰ţţ
㲻߽촽γҲİˡǹ㲻ǵ㲻ǵڶлʱ𣿡
γ㵵ĶŹ
ˡģ
̲סЦæͷſγعһǺƭʲôǲమġһҲ˶ʲôˡ
ȴγ˽һñطӵ
ȻûС
γӾҵײţҪ䷿
Ϊع֮ĹϵΪҵҾͻᱻ𣿲ܣǸˣһܿ٣ɣȥвҸʣ͵͵Ǳؾ췴ƷǬΣ
һϻ£룡
ҪǰУγȻɨϵĵʱͳȥѵ˹
ѵʮأӶʮ£ֱ۾̧ˡһֱšסγĹؽھʹ֮̾ˣʱ˵ϡ
˵ûƭ㣡
γ˵tui
ϵĿˮȦ΢΢졣
Լ


70 
һ, γγ;ץҧ, ʹ顣γ, Ǹǿjian
亹죬
ܾκ
ϧöͷײĶͷ
ˡγ˵Լ
֡
һ顣
ţ˳ȥγ̱ڵ, ·Ѫʪ͸㡣
֪Ǵ뿪ĺ, ǽγѺ, úòһǰΪãͻȻһ졣ͣ½Ų
Դ
ͿǬĽ˸ĴŶ룬Ų֮Ļӡ˻ǰ档ں͹ϵʱ, Լͬͣ˽Ų
γڿĻӺͰ˻ӴŽʱ, ·𿴵ϣ, ʱĳ˳
һ֪ʲô
ĻӺͰ˻ʱŹ֡
һ̧֣γҪĻӵĲ㱻, ʱӸס˼
̲סͷԸŪ
ĻӺͰ˻һɫ˱䡣
һ㿴, ˲Ҫ
ȴ˲ҪŪмΪˡ
Ļﲻɵò룬ǱؾȴͻȻŪô, ϶Ϊγ
γ̫ӡ
»ֱ췴ʹǬôԼһܣѿس͢, ӵȨõѡ
, Сڶ, ûڹܹһ˽ϴγͷ̫ӣΪܾѡ
Ŀȴ·һѸտеĵâ䡣ĻӰ˻ʮĿ£ҲЩֱӡ
оǳѹ
ĻпڶԹ˽ǱؾǺξģؽּ뾩췴𣿾Ȼ̫ӵϣ
ղɱعγ̫飬Ļһּ뾩ĻӰ˻ӴŽ
־ܣﲢԴġ
֪·ĹʱѾֻһ·ˡ
ģһ죬ҪվŻš
ĻӰȰȰһͨ޶ԵվŭڣʱҪʩ
ʱȴͻȻ俪ڣԸ˿¡ߣɱ⡣
Ǹ˭ɫ˭·𶼲ҵʹֺ˵ǸսķƵĸɸɾ
ĻӺͰ˻Ļ֮ȻĻӶʱһȣ췴𣿣
Ȼһ䣬ֻܰεƴɱ
ǬĽôȵùֵµľ
Ҳ췴ģֻˣϸ췴ʢ飬òǵ⣿
ĻӰ˻ӣ
ʿյĿʱ԰ᣬȺͻʱĹǸղӲӹܼҲܼҵˣȴѾ˴ǬȨ
ӵʮ˵ĽΪء
۵㣬ȳ͢ߵĻҪࡣ
˵һصľ¡Ŀƾ١ߡ
˸ѪأĻӺͰ˻ԽԽϢ
Щһа٣ȫǶ֡
Ҳ֪ôı
ڣһһѵĶ˵ϣһһ˵ϣĻӺͰ˻ӻҪһֱӱ˸ߵ䴦
ĻӰ˻ӶݺݵĵŹ
γѾֵ˵
γô󣬻ǵһοôҵ龰
ʱ׳ˣһúڲš
ȻŹϣɢЩ¶˵ͷǣһЩλĹͷŵǱʲôһ
Ѫʮʡ
׳˭ûֶֻԹĵӣعѾˣЩͷвãôã
γ
ѪܵͷǣŻ˳³һѪ۾ֱֱĵȥ
û뵽γȻĿ־嵽ֵزսʱҲûӹ汱˴һ·вɽԽ룬Ⱥʱûиǳ˳ǡ
γûоļ࣬ҲԸγȥЩγε֮󣬹˵ĻӰ˻ı̫ӣȿѺ׼׼ȥʵۣ
ĻӴŭƾʲôҪһܻʵǿΪμҵĵϵ˾ûϵûվࣿ
ţ߹ȥӹγڻ§§գڳ˿
δôڣӵסİˡ

γѹʱ򣬸оڸιҩ
ǹ
İķιҩѾһס
γʱͱֱܿ˻մڶͺº͵˵ҪҪԸ۰ǣ
γղſͷǣղſѪ⵹ҵһͷղôڶսȥ˶
һǶʬعģγȻץ¹ϵΣ͵سĲϴȥ
һֱӶ㿪
γٻֲǯס
Ҫɱң
ɱع
ĬһһңڶҲǸӻ˵ɹˣһعҵͷڲƭ㣡
γĿŹ
ʣǸɵ𣿡
һֲϲĵ˭
ģڲƭңҶΨǴӡϹʱǷݸӦ㻹ع
ҪıǬɽҪ֣ŶûСûûвŸɣβ˹£ǣҵļǲ䣡
ֳĬһ
ʣΪҳӣԲ˵ʲô㶼ԸңԲԣ
γҼǵڶ˵ǴΣǷҸ飬вӦԼ˵ϲϣ
Ҫʲô
γҪع
ƤӴ˴Ȼͷá
պãҲҪ
γ͹˭û˵ǧγ˵γԸ˵һ֡عȥﲻ԰Ρ
ķζѾĴԶ޳ˣȫڶÿһÿһΡ
ԽԽعܺá
ҲбʹԳ֡
ĿһγȻӣ˿棬ö˶͵͵Ĺ
ȥ˸鶯ֵ̫֪ˡ
İնԹ̬ʵ΢
˵ͼıҪʹǬͥ񣬿ڱ˶ʱǹǹˣǹѱ˴Ǭͼ
ڣҪbian
кܶһѽ˹үôٺ˽ʹͲ¡ȥ޻أ
Ȼ浽˻ʹǰʱ򣬹ֻ˰˸ݳĳ
һ·ʻȴҪַγγ㿪ˣԼֽӲڿУһһ󷢹
γǿţΪʼ飬˫µĻңԼˤˡʱӵڻȵķƽء
γϹ֮е飬಻ԼƵĿ˺ü¡æԶһ
ɱع˵
лһҪɱ
γ̬ﲻܣҲûֳ
ȥɣ˵ԼϵҩšǵطǸҪǲҩ׸Ⱦա϶۵
γ⻰һҧٿ㳡ѹѹĽԴ̶ǰݲȵĹγĺһȴʣô㲻ҵʣ
γԼŹĻض
ЦЦ˵ôĪ㵣ң
γơ
ֻʵʵ˵
Ҳ֪ʵʵ˵Ҳ֪γһٶֱ˵ĻӰ˻ϣңҵĴҲ쵽ˣ㸸ʲҶҡ
γ˵δء
䣬ȻЦŵĿԴ
ûһоŸʵ۵̫ȥʵ۵Ȼû̫żߵĸ߹һȰϡϣȥȥôϣ϶ԤıҪԻ
ʵѾۻǣƢȣŭڵ˵ҾŸ˽޵ĻʹôĽ£ȴҼ
߹˵ֵоСȴըleiϡ
ʵ۵Ľͣ
ȫǬ֪׺ޱı˾ǱµŪĶףֱӱˡ
һҪһըleiֱӶн֣Ҳ˲Ѫɡ
ͣŲǹȴƶ
뻹Ǳ
ÿһ㳡ѹѹĽŲһĵʼձֳʵ̬ĹҲʼάգۿɷ״̬
һֵĶŹ
еѾŵŪõֶˡ
ǵȴĴݣýʵ۶ȥ
γվߣѾվסˣֳĳڡһĻסˡ
ںͻʵվˣֻм˺öһȫε־ĶŹ
нʱ򣬿ǽ죬Խһʮ⣡
վǬĵطʹǬȨ߶λǬĻʵۣη绢
ҪԼ
ҪĴվ˵
죬ˡ
ԻʵۣϥɿԲȥ
ӽҲûκܹϥȥ


71 
һųʮ, ˶
ʵ룺Ѿ²֮ѫΪ泼ʷ, һʵī١
, ԼֻһƽƽĻʵۡ
Էȴһ۲ΰԵİܻὫǬĳ
û̫̫ƽƽʮĴǬ, һ̶ѣԼĻʵ֮λȻ᧿Σ
ϻʵ۵ײ¶һ˿, ڳסڹڵ, ޲Īı
ȻǺ͹һμ档
ǹЩγĶߣγج
վıֱ, һء
ɽйЩӦѾ޽Ĳ, ǿ, Ҿȥɽйꡣ
ã
Ѹߣ̫긻ǿ, ֮úͦõ΢ڸһõĽ顣ϾϿ֪ܲ, ΢̫ӵһ˻ʵۣǬͻΡ΢ãȥ, Ҳѡĺ̳лλʱһлع졣
ʵ۷ڵɫ˶ֽŵҪǻϲԸã΢Լ֪Լʲô
һ, ǽ֮ϵǽ֮, ͻȻðͷ, ͷɭâ
ʵۺͽʱð亹ʵۿǽǽϵЩˣϵⲻס鶯̲סָ̧Źķӣ߷޵Ӫ

ʵۣ
ˣ
Цʵ̫ˣľܣ΢е΢ò΢ȥ߷Ǹȥ߷΢ͼʱ½½֪жĹ佫΢Ͷϡ
΢㿪·񣬹㿪·ȨʮӯӯϣǬϣѾ˥ܶĳˡֺ΢ԼʵۣȻϲ
ϣҪôãҪôǬԺչˡԼ˼˼˵գЩЩղסĽº͵˵ҲͶϵĻᡣȻΧǣɾûлˡ
Ļһ䣬ƹƹҵĵص
ʵ۵ɫ䣬ѾӺɫҰףЩҪʹȥ
㡪
߹æסĵĻʵۡ
ϲ˷ŭʵ֪΢ԴǬûжٹ֮ġ΢һ·ϺƺĴؾҲûΣУֻﱧŽҡ
һ΢ʥûв֮ķģ΢һѿĺõ˵ǿٺòˡ
ʵϣ΢ڳھװ磬ȫΪ˰£黹ûдˣĻӰ˻ӾȲҪ׽΢΢ıϡ΢ǱƵĲòϷ΢վڴǬĳϣĳΪµһȨšίʵûھҪ췴
ޡ޳ܣ޳֮ȣ
ʵۺɤӡ
ɫûһ£ºһϻЦСڳ˼Ĺֻһɺβ׵Ǵͷǹǡ
Ҫж޿֣ŻᵱŻʵ۵˵ֻ
ɫºҲûã˫۾һ¶ȶûУսѪδɵĵ棬
ϣˣѶϡֵµЩӣһ˶ٴ̿ɱ΢΢һ·֮ասϻҪΣķΪʲôҪɱ΢ΪǶ֪ܷ΢ؾ΢һؾλͻԽԽԶ
Ҳ֪ܷ΢ؾǳ̫̫ˣ֪ʲôҲܹϾ͢ôĳӣһ˵Ҫɱҡһ˵Ҫҡһ˵Ҫ䡢һܱһɸۻ𡭡ôԱͶϹңӰŲ֪ʲôġֻ֮˯ĵˣʵ۵λûҪȥã
ϻʵ֮һѪֱӸԵ˵ϣĸ߹ûзסϻʵۡ
һĻ޶ԡ
һһǰʵȥ
ЩŹǵһȴˣǻʵˣ޿ˣľȻɢһͨ
ö֮վ˵ϹӲдϻʵǰͷǱϻʵۣûмЦûʤߵϲã·ıλһƽ顣
˵΢ʼգֻƽ𣿡˵գЦվ̨ƽ̨ϣѿ˥΢֮ʣð̫꣬ʺе£ʽλ̫ӡ̫ĺ̩ٽһȹܱʧսպգʹ֮ȨµԳ٣
ʵٴҪڹȥǵһڹ㳡֮ϡ
Ѫǵء
ֵµĴˣϵЦԽһȻƽķԸһղ˵Ļ𣿡
ССƷû뵽ͻȻ˵Ȼڵϣ亹乣һȴòأĿİͰ͵ģˣˡ
ЦǱˣȥʥּٰϸ¡
Ʒʵ۶ҿ־ţˣȥʥּ
Ʒĩ·һսսӣЦЦߵ׳˵ƷĹٷѾ˿ˡʱƷʱ򣬴ĻǶ˷Ƴ㿴ҪӲԽԽá
׳ûлػ
ĪĹӣһ㶼ġЦһ˿˿ζûС
Ĵ
һעǲƽһ졣
ʹٲ붯ҲɼѪ
һЩ˶һһϵģƿڴҳӣ˵ı췴˱ɹҲҪŹ
ûǹµıȴܸɴĳȫ˶ԷԷûͱɹȥҹү
һ͢bianĺͻȻҲܿ졣
ûܶˣֻЩ屻ӴǬĺĨˡ
γû˿ĿһУŹαĸλΰѻЩıӷԵһȥɽйڶСʱҹʹаܿͱˡ
ڼÿæ˶Ҳ˵γνֻػ뿪
ʱæʶס̫
͢æվӣæŸڡ
ҲæŰԼµˣһЩõˡ޲޵µˣҲҪæ
һһ
æò࣬׼γĵǻ䡣ûк¡أֻǸеĶУڣѸ¡
ʵϣǬڶ֪Ȩǹ
γס̫һ죬ĶҲ̫ûҪߵ˼޵γĺ͹š
Ǭк졣
һƷԱٷǺɫģޢһ
γǻΪʵۣҲǺɫģŽ
ɫÿ
ڶԺ⣬żͷʱγʹһɫĻϷѣֽүͷ
ʱγʱγ۾˺Щ
ĳѾˣڻһۣγ˵΢źϸ°ɡ
Ҫγĳˣγһˡ

ôң㡢
һƬţֱƻըը
΢΢ЩʧĿЦһȻǰһ̧ݿܵĸγж³ڣºصĳ
˵΢֪΢ɱعϺܺ΢΢ڣıλֻλϾԼǿܣѶ΢кɫ΢ڣֻҪܸһʲôֵá
γͼ󱻹סߺ޵ĵŹ
ʲô
ĶϤζγỬ£ͷȥһγγƫ㿪ˡ
û׵ʱȥһ£ǵա
γŭҪҧƥĩ·ϵСǡڻȻϹʱ򣬲ɵס
Ѫӥǹ˰ˮһ
䣬촽
γѹմǹ˴齣ϴΡԲ΢û˻ϣϴʲôû׼Σ΢׼ˡϷģˡǶԲ𡣡
Դӵ΢ÿ춼ϡ죬ϳȫȫ΢˼֮顣΢ʱıĥ
γ
޳ܣ
޳ܣ
ſ
ȻûлӦӱг
ץҧǳ١
һƾһ
ķǡ
һн£Ļγ۷ֱ
ζĺϤ˰ġ

ҳӣԼſܻʵۣһʵΪ˲ԼˡԼӦععѧʩҩȼðաɱܶѳʬɽѪ˾üţϻö˱ıϣȦȦɽĺɱ˲գduʵ۵һˣôԼˣܣ
һǹڲƭԼ
˼õİѿ
㣬γ޷˵˯ˣ컹Ҫ糯
γһ£һ
ͷаѵһ˽


72 

ڴǬ, ʽȨ𣬴ǬѾһµķչ׶ΡȻǺʷ鹤ʶԴǬʢһء
ʱ˿, Ϊ, ĸĻǾȨ״
ƽϰֵľǾϲĸ顣
ʵ۵ǻ֣ҷˮּһǵȨ֮ͻҹ׳Ʒξˣ˵λ黹δʵ, ֪١
ĺ֮ԼңȨ֮дΪΡ£ǰ, 褵, £ǰɣԼҺͶסչˣıλ˻ʵۣҲܶԼʲôɣ
뷨ʵܶࡣ
ڵ߳ȥ, ֱҪǰ߷֡
ҪǴǰԼǶ˶Լһ, ȫΪ, Իʹ̫๬Ůֺ̬ȡ
, ͲҪᶨǡ
һ˵õȮ, ˼ҵĵӳ£ǹ˼Ҳ˵ռһ룬Ҳеġ߳ȥ˭Źţ
ǹ, ȥ¥Pһǻɫ΢ĶСʱˡϲЩ¥欵Ļ, 뻻ζ, ڽϿһƻŮ, Ҳȫ˼ܵŮŮСֱȨˣ˺úõĹŮ檡ǲϣµǱҪһ䡪֪˭ǲүĶӣ׶ӣ
ᣬȴƷ㲻ҲͣȻǲ竵Ĺ񣬻еߵƷлǲ֪͸ĵĹ˰ûΪͷΪ
ЩнûŮٶʼеƮ
鴫ǰʱ򣬹ΪγڻʹСʾعӵ鷢ʱû̫ı飬Ҳûп꣬Ҳûbaoңһ嶯ļûСĪ
γڴ齱ߣû̧ͷ۶ûпǲľǿɫ
ʱ򣬹Ҫ˵ſ첽˽ŶһӺ󣬱㴹վһߣŹŷԸ
ɫûһ£ܵ˵պ䵶ˣǻĥʯݹ֪ˣȥɡ
֮첽ȥ
˻֣޵ĹŮ̫ȫ˳ȥȼţżƻ
γʱЩѰ
γ죬û˵ֳĬһſ˵Ҹ֮ĵεҶǵáڻҪִȥع㰮㰮ˡҡѾ˵ܶ飬͹ܶ飬Ϊʲô㻹ң
γʱ̧ͷŹʣϲң
ϣ漴ĵͷ
γʣ㰮ң
Ȼ϶ĵͷǡҰ㡣
γЦˣʣڶʱͰˣΪʲôϲҵģ
ѾûмγЦˣļⶼ۵ģڿżˡ
γҲ㲻ǵˣʱұֶʹպ·ݸСճ
γ̲סЦּҹְһΣҾˣ
ϵЦݽĿȥγĳˡ
˵Ĳ㰮ˣγΪʲôң
γɫڽ½찡ôС飬ײ˸ҩ־Ƕʱ㵽׶عʲôҲö֪عǲûֻǱƭҡʬңʵҲ֪ĳ̱ƹ֪Һ֮ĵ֮ٹڲƭҲ֪
ֻһ㣡ҡܡȷţҲᰮһҳӣ
ϲҾҪϲҸ㣬ⱲӶϲ㣡
ģ㵱ֶΣ֪ҲϲˣΪϲˣĻϧȡˣԽԽϲ㡣ҽġһ򲽽عǸðమˣҲԸϲϲ㣡
γܼˡ
͵վγȻܾ΢΢ȴŲӣáϸĿڡ
촽£ջûз˵һҪϢҲ
γ⻰ɫͨ죬֪ǷŭǱʲô
ȹȥ֮γץϵͷʱ˵ϣؿھһǿԼ侲
ĵԼģ
հͷӵϼֿˡ
γһǹֻˡԪ
γʱ
Ԫһ
ԪŸ߹Ž汳µĴſγüʣʲôҲȻشֱ־ʹˡ
γźĶһһһ
ȥȥֶҲùôң
Ԫ꼫ˣһĳĶγϣܵס
γʱһϡ
ﲻ˹ͺš
ҧݺݵȥ
ԪԸԥԥȻγȰϣūһȰЩǱŰɡǵ˸ǴǳѪһܣ۵ԳԲ¡Ҳű㳦ٶ£桭
γһΣҲǺ²ѣʱסˣһСظˣ˵ˡ°ɡ
ԪѶ£ȥˡ
γץһƿʹ۵󻬸ӣ¸ƿӶܹŵӻ㡣
γץƿ̲סҧҧ촽
Ҳ㲻
ܿܳʵ
ûгΪûжϽɽ֮ģ۲ΰֶԼ˱عԼӦû
Ȼһ˲ϢγҵҡͷԣܱԻƭģ˵ЩϢƭԼȡعΪϲԼ伫ְ취ҲĳԼҪϽɽ¾Ҫչˡ
񸸻ʡֵܡã๬ĸȫȦȦɽйıϣĸûбȦᣬҲѾ͵˻ʼС
ھǱһֻ˿ȸ
ǼʹԼҲϵϣ
ܾô

֪γ޹һô߰ĶԣվλϣǬĵӣΡһΪԼһȴҪΪ˴Ǭ
鷿ڱ£һһŵӶǰ¶˾йڶӣſüͷԽĽˡ
ʱһӿ֮Ը׳й
׳ͳŻʹǵֵʱżæŵĸϹûдȣ˵̰ܻߣȻ޴ɽйΪ̰۳͢ΪʵûȫҲй˸Ů֮аܻ֮£Ѻɷ졣жżѣͨˣı񸮵մŮѩʹ䱻񸸵ɷ죬Ѻ꣬նһʱҳˡ
׳⵭ĮĹǹ߼׽ˣɵʹүĺ𣿹˼ҵԼļҰȫµ˶Ⱥ
Ҫ棬Ҫ˵ĹԼҶҪ̡ڱĿ֮Ҫж£
֪׳Ϊ롣
ǣ˾ͻһӡ
һộ׵ʱšλʱ򻹵šΪΪʱšֲˡ
ֻһ䣺ҪԼĲĸۡʰñȥʰ
׳
ͨһڵϣԹӣūźεºܹλūвмǰһҹģūôоλūôȥ
׳ۿͨ죬ô׳һĺӣ˳ɵ̾Ϣһҡҡͷ
վߵ׳ǰһѷļ˲ҪŴǰҹôˣûôģ㵹ҹ鵹ҹ㣬㸸ĸǶ۰ɣûзǴɣ㼢һٱһһһɣҴСûһ⣬ҴΪĲһӾעͼ׳˻ϣԶҪǰߡңĺ׳۾ϣЩͳ˵ܹĿѣЩ˶һһĳ𣿡
εĵ㲻ԸΪȾѪ𣿡
׳Ĭһ˲ĵͷֱȭ˳ȥ
˵ȾѪԸΪɾһѪ
ʱĶòͣ˵ۡʱ򣬹ǶʱѼĴ˴֣˵һҪظˣ졢졢ӭӣ
֪бڽҲбĶ飬ǹ˵ľ˽ȫһʮĺ֡
⽫µʱﶼûп󳯻ᣬǷֲŶͳһĴйع
һֱסγ޵Ҳ˸ˡ˸˵мһæΪƾˡ
ʵԭǹ˸ˣһ۶࣡
˸ȫӭӣ˴š
׳ϣǴ󿪵ţĿȴڽŴܶܶҹӶǴСŽֻҪǸˣϵЦݶºֻͣû˵ʱ򣬲ŻЦˣȻƣĴ
ǰĹѣǹӵĸףǹǰūͰٰȫźҪսʱԥԼҹӡ
ٿżѣõĶˣôֱŹӣӴСûһ⣬ǲƼ̦ԺžǺԼҹ㡣ºΪӣҲòڷǰûûҹĳ飬컹ҪźѡæŹ񡭡
ЩӡӡŮʵڹӻū͵ʱ򣬴ûпӰɣҲûжԹԮ֣ǹӳΪ֮ûٴб˵ɣ
⸮ͷˣмûԼҹӣ

ǿ׳ڸͷϣĿЩģƲҹū͡
֪׳ڽȣǸڹµģҲûаֿ̫¶ϡ
ҿҵȣûмŹеŵѾˡ
ѸҪһأô
ǵģͷ̣ڻˣȻؼ
׳ʱ̧֣µ˶ʱһʥּ
޽ɽй̰۹б˽ҡ
ʱһȻ
ϷվվȣҪ˷ţܹ͵̨ףԴ
˶ˡ
żҲάֲӺݵ̬˻𣺡ҡôҡôɱңôɱң
żͨ˼۲񸮵մŮѩʱ˶ľˣ·һʯ
żѣſţͻȻһһѪ˳˾̨ȥ
ʱǮPǮռǿءׯӡ̵鲻࣬Ҳࡣ
鲻Ƕ಻۵ģû۵ġץסֱۣҪϼʱ򣬹Ъ˹ĺ𣺡һūϣ񳯷˾ȻҪȺ㡣Ǹ磡磡
ֻֻüһλͱж°͡
̶ʱץץصĹأʮһūһɴ߹Ѻ˲кͷţз
۵ɴճ鴤Ҫҧˣ׳ңңȻҪ߱ⱨӦ
׳ѾŭµĹѣǳĮ˵ү˵ˣⱲıӦͶ˶
ǸСġԶЦӭĹʱסˡ
з˵ʱ򣬸οŹƤǣңƺδƴ
ͷʱ򣬱ǴѹҲġΪһƥԼĶӣ´ӲϣҲ̫áǾͷƼ̦ԺˡǵƣҪһƻ
ͻȻ;ˣɱңҿףôɱף
׳ŭţ˵үû˵ɱ㣬ֻǶŶѡ


73 
Ŷѡ
ѣ
Ѷʱʹȥ
û˾λ, ţѣݲˡ
ܿ춨ûʣʲôˡ
ǧƺվһãȻš
ȫ, ûֵ
˰ͼʵŮվһ, Դ£ֵġ
˹ܼҺ͹˹һվ˵ĺºãȻܼһվ, ûô£Щꡣ
̨, ڸ, ˶ľһ㡣
һһĽ鱦ֻ˳
ͻȻһǩ˹Ľűߣ񿴵ǩ, ͫһ, ץ, Ȼ׳˵ҪҼ
Ƿһ飡Ҽ
׳촽ջǽӹǩ
ߵǧǰ, , ˵үڹҪȥӹܹ¡
ֶܼҵܼҲʰʰ, ټҹȥɡ
ǧƣ
û뵽ֺ»䵽Լϡ
ЩһЩ·Ьӽʳ͹ȥ
׳ֶԹ˰֣˵ʮӣǰЩƾٶʮ, ү֪ڹ²·, ȥԺʷ顣˱һԺӸۡ, վͿ԰ȥ
˰촽£ҡ־òҵʵġĸ
ô᲻ᱻȫµ˹ڦ
׹ĸĸףҲǹ˸˰
׳ȴȫ˰˼һ䣺үܺãǣңʱүԻԼֵܵġ
˰
û뵽һ򾡣Լȴ©֮㡣ǼʮϰٵңǱŹȥ⻹Ǻõģ˵ûҪ͵ȥԼܹŶӣ⡢˶ӵĸ
ķ˶Ĵϡ
ת֮䣬Լҳ˵Ϣ˴С
γ֪ˡ
ʱڳСճϢȻվʲôû룬ֱӳ鷿ȥ
鷿ſҪγγƿԪָָ㣺ӷ˸ϣ
˵
룺ҲûӲ
˶֪үϲϡ
ƹıһգү׿˵ˣϲһһá
˭Ӳ
ֻͦģүǸɱﶮϧԼ˻үιˡڼʹʵҲǸܡ
ĳ˵ûӣȫ⣬
γ˽
λæγǡûӦˡ
γǳ˳飬ûˣʹѶˣ츣գģУ֪Լ̫࣬ҪƣϴһϴԼϵ
λ󳼣Ƕ˰ɡ
ڰ֣˳ȥŲŹϣһֵģʲô
λ󳼣̲סͷĺ
ǵĿܻʵۿǿ
§γھ޴ĳϣǼűǼ⣬촽촽
˵΢ǰ󣬶˶ʮ˲΢˵Ǻ£ٿԶסϡͶ̥ת㣬Զ΢㡣
γǱıȥ
ģ
ȼϣ̫ˣֲϡҲԣ
ǻ΢ģڵ΢ǲǣ΢ȫµȺԲԣ
γʱаŤüë˹һ޾ôѰ·ģ޵㣿飡ֻᵣ̫
Ц̾ϢһǾϣүϵԸɡ
γ촽ôҲ˵˫ֵŹš
ȻٴսȻխΪ˱Щ˺ˣԼļ嶼Ź˼ҵЩϣ㣿㣿ڰԼϾ·
̲סЦһʹγţǴסγ촽˺һ
γǵ˫Ⱥ֫
㱾Լʲô
Цŵ΢ūŵʱ򣬻Ǳ͵ʵ򱻻ʹС¡ʱбС½󣬿΢һֻûгëĳһꡢһֻèȡҪʱضܻ΢Ҫǰһߣúûһյµ½Ҳá
΢ӵʱǰһߣҪܹһµָǾͺˡ
ӵʱ򣬾ǣŵµֲɿˡ
ڣ΢ȫȫӵŻϣﵽ⣬ֻ΢һ˵ġ΢һӶ֡
ǰ棬΢Ҫʲô·΢ֻǰߡʲôϻ岻ʲô¹ڦʲô
γҵĲš
ȥֱӹ۾
ڹҪһʱγȻɱع֣
ô¶
ǲǶdu
γʱ㿪һǣȻݺݵĵΪ㡢㻨Ҿͻ㣡Ҳ㣬ɱعԶȡعеλã
˵عǸαӣðҺ̸顣ΪʲôǲңͻȻһعӦγú̹ס
γҳӣ

׻Ҽֻ֣ǹıλļɣ
ûио
ôʵ
ô
ҾͿķǵʱ
̾Ϣһֲһϵ֥飬˵ٳԵСճϻ𡣡
γͻ죺ֲöҲóԣҾСճ
˵оԼʱ
˵ҲУЩ
γ
һֻСճҾͰһΡ
γ
ʲô
ޣ
γȭ
ЦЦʱͷաڵڡ
˴꣬ԽԽԽԽ󣡴裡һһը졣
ըһ⾲˼ŵһ᲻һ˼ӣһƲըʱͻȻ¡һը죡ԽרעʱһͻıʾԽܾγ˶ײ˹Ļ
ײ֮ǰѾһȥֲϵĲǰͷ
Ⱥò׻ʱγ̧ͷ
ǶĿ
γʲôû˵Ź£Ҳ̾Ϣһְ̽γ§
ϴôγҧֱϵӡܲʧ
һγûҧ
ЦЦγ޷
γȱ˺ˣŹʵǿǷԪ˵ò֮ʢ˦عʮ֣ʵҲôΪ
Ӽˡ
ѾЩֲ˵滰Ǽٻˡ
Щ˹˵عðĻ
ΪԹٺޣÿһǡӵ룬ü¶Ϥعÿһεͨӵòܡ
ʱָӰһжϡ
ȴùô࣬ϲϲǰ޾Ǻޡö벻ö˼Էѡ
Լĳ˰
ôΪ˿ѶԼİˣ
ǸҳӰ
ôԳں
γҧס촽
ˡɱعϻ塢ǿԼΪֳɿܻʵۣԼΪʲôҪΪôһ˶ģΪʲôҪʼ
γ侲һ㣬ӦһɱǣֳԼҶŹˣжӲϲˣܣ
ڶһˮûôˡ
γʱѾˣã¡ȴǰˮʲôʱǰȥһֻʪյѾĳ
Ԫæγϣ˰ɣˡֵЩôµģ֪èèëЩȻϡ
γۣôŵģѾĳ˹˵Ļԭúѣȴôסô
ʼնֻ
ΪߵԼǰ
γ̲סȦͨ졣
રવ¡
˰̣иᴩرİ̺ۣжٴ
СͿγһֻĳ޵ģŻëëϸ꣬ʱʹ̤ٹֻĳ񽻸Ԫ˵ϽˣСʾ£ôʦǳȳȡ
ץγ쬵֣ӣӲᣬ˵𣬱ˡ۾ãޡ-ʵˡ
γ
Ťȥ
˵һƨ𣺡ģֲʵ۵ģ
װĶγ㿴㣬û㱧뵱ʵ۵̫Ǻ̫ӣ̫ܲұ㵱İɣ
γʱҧгݡ
ë޶֮ʱ˳ëߣ˵ⱱ˴ڶ֮ǰûʵ۷̫ӣؾѾǳˣֵҪǿˡ
γʱͺһ
ʱ̿
γлһӣȥ񡣵ŵʱϸֱ˴ꡣ
ˮر
ųŷ˿ӣγĿü
˵ô꣬Ҳġȥȳԡ
γߵſڣסģ
ת
γ˵˷ȥæһŤԲԵĳԺţͷԲ£

СӲһԷȫûʲôҪ󾡹ᣬ̫֡
ͷˮأҪƾͿ飬ͷܡ
γȹˣ˱죬°ͶʱͿϣץſӶ˶ӡ
һ̫๬Ů
ûۿ
γû뵽ȥһˣȻͳȥôá
ӷ˺֣͵ǲݣԱվ֡
ȵӰ֮󣬽ַ˴֡
ߵʱûüȥ޵γ
һȥǺþá
ڼϢ½½ĴγĶ䣬ǹѸƽˮ֡ؽ԰ηղΣȥվֵ¼ҲϢ˵һʯ
γʲôᣬûѧʲôҲûʲôҪ
뿪ʱԽعļԽγֹסȥСʾ¡
عλγһ˳Ĭܾá
ìܡ
֪ô졣
һ˾ͺˣܹع˳
һһҪƽƽĻá
عңι˹ûй˯ϾȻʼجΣ̲סعĶ壬һһεĦԭҡٴμᶨ
ҳӲ֮
ҳӣͷȴ˳ƵһڴǬİգϻûһȫ˵ǸүԽԽ˸˳λ챣һΪΪү꣬ǧݡ
ǻʵۣôǵһ˺ָֻӾյĻʵۡ
Լĸõ
ϻ˭
ûУûһ
ɹԱȥվ֣ʵ۵ĲȥĻʵ۶ָɹƽ˱ѱİͼ˴Ǭİͼĺ˲𰡡
γ˼ìܶӣجֶ࣬Ѫ⵹ҵعĿ˵ôԶɱҵ˶ģôԣôԡ
Ϊ˴ϱӯ͸ȥ
æ֮յγճʱ򣬻𼱻ǳոγдһŻȥ
˵جβϣμع˶ڵʡ˼ҹΣҼţ˵ֻг֣ĳ˹Ҳֻιһι
γڴˣæó鲻ûչ㣬չ˺ԼҪҪعҼһĶ㣬ǧĻȴҹҹعҲƽ
ҲֻǷӣĲãβã㻹ҪΪһȥ˲ϧԼ壬ʵڱҡңԼħʱһȥճɹǻҺװһ±ⱲӵԵвŲỹװűˡ
γյŵʱֻ֡
ˡһǷˡ
ôô뷨
һȥǲĸ¡
ٻʱҲûлҴҵľͻصϵ·ЬӶʪġ
ĸ²γˡ
롣
γ޵
Щ͵ϵġγճʹˣȥСʾ¸Ǹֽˣ
˲һػսս
ûб仯ƤӴ˴ϵºƺʧЩû˸ȥҲͿʪ⻺ȾʪĽë
ƽ˵߶ȥһӻϡ˵ȥɣȥ°ɡ
˴ҳ޵
γСʾֽ۵ĽԪ
Сʾ£һʼΪعȴӹ
Ĺ˽˵ϣˣ޵
γ⻰˴Զǿհ׵ģԭһһյĽԪʱһȫ׽˽ͭһ͵˽ȥ
Ȳ˳ȥ
춼ˡ
׷ϣ磡㲻갡ϣ
γš
ص޵̤ȥ˲ϢϹûȱ첲ûȣúõĻŻγĴԷ·Żָ˼ĹܣСʾֽ᲻ʲô£Һ޲ȥɱعҳӡ
ˮܵγô컹Ҫȥعֽʹȴ´´ͲҪȥСʾ¸ǸֽˣҪϧԼӡ
γǸˡһ¡
ɱôֱ׳
˼֮󣬷ԽĲˡ
ݳ޶عһҪȥγһͷγĪſҪ
׻Ǳ§ڻԹԵıͷ
γŲȥȴ̲ס̧ͷŹҲͷ
γŹ˱Ȧ΢΢˺죬ִͷȥ
ϲͷĳ޲ʱһγĲ촽ףͱγȥ
§ȥϡ
γﻹ
˺䣬һ˵ϡ
һ
γȻһδλǰµʱ⡣

ĵεΣôͻ˶ֲ壿
ŵع֣Ҳûκδĥĺۼ̵ǹ֣ĥҲкۼġ
㣬ңعҵĶˡʬ嶼ȥι˹һˡ
ع֡հ
Լꡣ
Լɱٸqiang˹٣ŵ񡣾ϸ͸
ȴ׿ϱ˵֡
ʹ
˭˵ûҵ֣˵֡˫Ƭ·бſǵ
ǹû˵
͵ˡ
γ
廹γϵࡣ
ԼģֻԼġ
عǸˣԶǲǸСˡǸƭӣ
عγҩǰSĹڵγЬӣŻŭڡ
˶Ҫγ
֪գͲһýǧкٶȥι
һҹ飬ƼˡмγƼˣذ׶Źţȫϣקסϴ̣γȴûдȥ
峿ʱѾͣˡ
γѹʱ򣬷ִ׶ѾˣԼҲϴ衣¡
ɫͷɢһͷ
ڴϻһ
ңڷ屻˴ϣµغȡ
ʱƿ
߽
γһݣʱæ˴ϣֹŲװ£鼫ˡ
´ٹŲȵԡ
γƲƲ졣
ôôûƢ
γ֣γ屳󣬲˵Ҳ
ָָԼţôģһqiangԴǮ˹ٺġҿꡣ
Ҫˤˤˣ᲻áùһ飬ǻţҾҲˡ
͵Ұ㡢Ϊ˵õ㲻ֶΣͼȡعˣ
γԥԥĻǰ
ﻹǺõġ
γеסˤˡ
ͨ͸˵˵֣ڱֲرףбſЩۣǲǵ֣
ôֽ꣬ܲܶŰɣ
㶯ֽˣҲܼСʱزɣĹҲ
γ⣬γĸ֣ɼ
˫Ϸˮͼγˡ
ֵֻ·
ˡ
Ȧͨ졣
촽桢𣿡
˵Ķģ
ûƭң
Ӵͷź챦ʯذ׳chuİѱġհεˡȻϣһѱסγͨ۾Ͳ촽
ǣƭġ㳤̫Ưˣ̫ӢˣȫֻγÿұԵϧȡعҲҪӵ㡣ıλҲáᵶᰮҲãȫΪұԵĲҪҪĲɵ¡Ҳƭ㣬ƭϲҡ
γŹ˵ֻĹ
졣
§סĲӳҭ
ȴֹסЦı
ҵСһ취ûС
֪γͺˣҲôõ·˷˸˸ûټ
ΪЩдγһعٵˡ
ڣ첻
γ


74 
ֻγԼ֪, Щʱ¸һɱİˡ̲סԼġˡĶˡ
ֹסĻ
ϲϲ, Ķ, ϲˡ
ڶԣֻġֻ飬ȴı, ĿԷ
ģκҵ۾
˵Ҫ۾ġ
, Ϊߵǰ˺ܶܶĿǲǣ
е, ȫΪ㡣ҲΪԼܹվøһٱɱ衣һ·ֻ࣬Ҫ, Ҳÿࡣ
, ΪʲôҪϲң
ҪΪʲôҪϲ㡣
ġ

ġ
š
ıλȨ
š
ûбҪ˵ģ
С
˵ʲô
΢ıλȨ·, Գ֮ѹʵ, ҪҪ΢, ±Ӽϵţ
γޣһ쵽ֻҪ
γ뷨ˡЦڴϣȥ촽һķ˿ˮÿֻǷĵ, ϵǵı²ܺһ𣿡
γȻ
ļȴ
̲סֳ·
ŹؿǸİ̺ۣҧҧ촽ʣ𣿡
üë, Ȼ˵۲۲֪, ʱֻŲ, ˾Ҳˡ
γָⶼһ¡
㲻ҪҶϵĽɽǸˣҲȨ֮ġǸһڽŵҪһһԭΪ㣬ҪֻǸƽϰգҲ취ӶȻִ߽С⣬߸Ϊˡ
γʱʣѽɽҸʣԸ𣿡
˴ȻϿҵҡҡͷ㸸ʵûĺãң⽭ɽ㸸ʵģǰյġҲƭ㣬ߵ˽죬ֵôˣҲߡγ˵һжܹ죬Ըһ
γ֪ô˵
˵̫ʵˣԼ֪˵ʲô
γԼ֪ôʵۡ
Ҳûôʵۡ
Ҳ֪һȨ߰ȨǰȨߣܡ벻Ҫ
ҪһڴӦԸǲˡ
γվԼλ룬ȻԹʲôҲ㿼ǾͺˡҸǱߣӵġ
ΪʵĶӣҺһǴ治ҶʵҪ˵ʲô̫ĸ飬ûеġ
ϾСҶܱع֮ΪϹӣʮڶ˴ûиҲˣָһ͹ˣϣܿҵϣƴһǡ
Ҫǹĺܺð
ڵ۾ѩģ鳼ҸŭԣôҲõʵ£ĵģҶơ
ʱס
ΪԭҴûƴǡ
ȫµ˿Ժҡҡ˵ҡң㲻ԡǶˣֻһ㲻ζܡ
γʱԹĲΣɵ˵Բ
ʱ϶ѹ
Լ˵Щ˵ĻγҲѹ
ºԼǲԼ˵˵Ļˡ
ȴЦĶͷ
ᡣ
Ҳı⡣Ҳ㡣
ԶбԭµĻᡣ
γ̲סЦקŹ½촽
ģԲлл㡣
´˺һͻȻܲй𣿡
ΪʲôܽУɵˣγ֧գŹ
ɣ߽С๫ܲ˵ԭγ쭵ʱܰ𡸹ġɣҡġǱγˣôѹ
γʱպɬЦЦȻԥĺһɡȴҡҡͷüͷвУ߳ܡͦõģҶϰˡ
ֱۣذγ̵Լϡ
ڴϵʱະ๫òã
˵Ź̲סҪγʵǳȥĸ£ĺĹ
ģ죬ϻ˺üΣγ֡ˡ
ԣ๫๫
γ-ӣγ֣۾ġ
ⱻռı˲ռ˴ҲӦ
һĻľ˵ɫɴγͷƮ䵽˵ϣѩָҪȴֻ͵Ŀס˹ļ米
γƳǾ˵ɴֿ͸·˫Ϸˮ壬΢ҡҷŻ壬мתš
ʱЩʡ
Һ㡣
Һãһֱ㡣
ʱӣ죬δϣɣ


75 
үүϡ
鷿վ, ˵;òԾ
ôˣ
˻Ųĵүͤ, ϱҵԴ
ͻȻǱקסһ˼ɫȻһ, Ȼɫףգ۹Ѿ˳ȥʧ鷿
޵ʱҽԺҽȫˡһҽȫ񡣹ļ, ʣôôˣ
ԺԹ˵ϵ˿Ѿˣֻͷƹ, ûѹ֮ǰ, Ҳ֪û֢״
Ŵ²֪γ˶̲סĻ, ޷򶨡ȻŭԪôźĻϣôģôᱻͤĺҵԴ
źγԪһȫ, 亹, ԪڶԹ˵үϽùͳȥʳ, ԰, ȥͤꡣͤΪǰӴ˺ܾã쾹Ȼǡˡūšūžȼݲүˡүˡ
ǲ֪еϦȴ̲סԼŭʱ, ûס˰һźĹϳȥҪԸ˴, 뻹ʡٺ꣡սѾɱܶ, źŨ˵塣
γ, ǰʷкöʵļĵ
ԼİˣպʷϼҲʲһʡ΢ͤͤЦ̸ꡣ
ڴ齱ߣץγ֣̻̲γ̫
òʬɽѪλӣγһγҪиʲôһһ˹¹µĻţҪȨ˫Ҫλʲôã
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