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ͷسԶţ;в·ɥ£ΪԼڲʹû뾹Ȼҵˮһ̣ûо£ֻźδ֮£±ӣǿ彡
֪ǲǰԸϲԣȻٴ۾һһ壬ǿ׳ǰǰ㵹ܹˣԭ˽ܣΪ˶߸Ҷıڼ

ԴӾ˸Ҷ˱ڣûô
ȱˮʱֹȵģˮθˮ
촩̿㣬һɨƿߣഩ·
̱ɳֻյֱҪ̫ˬϱ˴̺ӣĪҪ̰
ҿ㲻ҵġҶĥҰְ֣

һҶʱճˣԸ˰ɳףԽԽ˼תͷĴ̫ס˵֣ղ
±ϵҶˬ̧ͷбҲң
ǲУ°Ħһֵǧ𡣡

Ҷɶ˵ǰɣ

1.нɫԭͣԺ
2.1vs1ֻб˴
3.ǡũΪ̡ƪǹ֮ϵɵۿӰ

ݱǩжӣȦŴģִ
ؼ֣ǣԣҶǣ̳ȣ
һ仰飺ᴩԽ&
⣺ҪٸʧԼֳģΣһʵ


1 һ
֡
žĲֻɵ𣬴һ룬͸һڴǡ
ڴϵ˰ڴͶµӰ鰲ȣ۾·ֻ˳ߡ
ǳĺȾϰֻɢȥòɫܲ԰ףȻѾ˯ʱĲˡ
Կһ͸ʱһ磬Ŵ΢΢ζǳɫˮ浴˲ơ
ڲ˸޳ֱҺ룬˼ܱߵƤ΢΢Щࡣ
ָͻȻ£ǱȻӦԳŹ΢顣
Ի۾ĿһƬѩףδüʲô۸бƵֺƤǳòӦ
۾壬ֳֻأΨָ΢һʱƽͼ塣
һͣڱˮû˲䣬ǱľʹΪԼѾǸʱ
ڿЦһӳʼҩĲӣôص˾ȻѹҪл촹
˼йһȦֳŻۣЩɬûʹУĵĳۣתΧ
ԣһЩ֣ǽһƬѩףҲûŲоһ
ܿԼʲôЩܣʱкµϢؿڵƸк˺ܶࡣ
ʱûתͷߵĹϰι״Ķףʱһֱϵġ֡ⶫġ
Աźܸߵļӣ֪ʲôʣһ͸ƿӵ棬ƿһܣ˳Żһֱ쵽Լֱ
ʶ˶֣ʲôƤЩֶֻۣüûܳɹ
֨ѽһ죬ͣĶתͷķӭһߴˡ
˸㶣֮۾ȻûйеĶһתͷ˻ȥ
ҽҽֵˣ
Ĵ󺰣ûйãŰɫѣִ˾ӿ˽ΧԵĴ߰Ū塣
ʶЩˣҲ֪˭ٲǶģƺֻڲ鿴ĬĬĿǣûзҲûѯʡ
һ߲鿴һ˵һЩĻżѯԵĸܣֻҪҡͷͷͿˡ
һæ֮ȷûʲô⣬Щ˵շ˺ܶ࣬ϵӳȥһ缱Ĳе˸Ͻקסһѯô
ʱʲô⣬֮Ҫϸȷϣ㲻̫ģѹ˵
˵ͷһۣǾò˼飬̫ˣǱΪһӣһָ꾹Ȼˡ
Ǹ˲ڸпЩʲôû³˿ʱϲ¶ЩЦߵߣס˵ļ򣬡壬̫ˣ˯£֪жൣġ
Ժܻգ۾ЩãȻȷԼʶˣǶԷȴϤ
ǿģ˵ЦգüŤͷҽֵôɵģ˯˰ɣ
ҽЦЦڱϼ¼ʲôߵʱԳٶǺģٶϢϢͺˣ֮һᰲŸ˽һȫλ飬ʱԸЩˮȲҪԡ
ԷתȥˣǻҪæ
תͷЩģãȻ̽ѯʵ壬£㻹ǵðɣ
ȫİ֣Գһ˲ȴǵ˵ͷ
Է˿˵ڴɹ۾ȴǺ˺죬̧Ĩ˰ѣ˵˵㣬ôô嶯Ǻ£ҲñԼȫǣԼð£ҽ˵Ҫһֲˡ
µԱ߶˺ܶ࣬Դв׽һЩϢЩϢ⣬ҸԼļԲϺš
ڶԷУΪһӱʲôײˣƹصԣȥʱһΪȲˡ
Ǳɽ׷ɱһˮ˵ģʱĽҰûʲôӺͳӦᡣ
һֱ˵ʲôӣԽԻˣǰ紵͵壬Ī˵ǵǱĽʿýѾ
Ծ鲻ԣбضʲô֮״׷ʣԷȻǽ˭ǱԼǣ㲻
˰䲻ǾΪΪ˻ֻұֳĬŪ࣬ʱúóлԷ
߶˰ԹԵһԣµ˳Щļ򣬡ѹˣԺɱô嶯ˣ뿪˲ӣҲΪԼһ롣
ϵĵͷŶԷȥſʰµĶﻹ߶˵Լ̫˲Ųܲˣ͸ҸŮѹţԺçײçײ
Ůʲô˼Ҳװû̧̧첲ЩӲ֮⣬ܶˣԶʱҲڽѡ
°һˮʰԱߵĹڵЦ֪㲻ܳԣÿλǴˮһأÿضǷָ˻ʿǣܵˡ
ԺĶЦЦǻӦаʧ£ǵļﻹ֪εĵġ
˼ˣ΢۽ޣڰϲЩɽ˳ֵͻȻֺƶǮƺȤֱΪȻҪ
һҲãڰҲɲڴ˼Ӧ֮ߡ
˵˻Ƥ촽˯ô϶ɵúܣæȥˮ
ʱֻʣһˣ÷Щ̧һֻû־ٵǰ˳ǽڷȴֵһЩĥϼ룬ԼϸСİ̺ۡ
üΪԵʣСţ˫ֳձʸӲŪңûκһֱ𪣬ӡ
գ磬ȷʵûȥڴϣʹҪٴ
ЩѾѾȷŸʱ࣬ЩûбĲʣŲŲ̽һڴ⣬ȴҲЬӵټ
ûüתȥһңѾˮŽˣڴһϽˮܹôˣ
ԲǺϲ˽ڱסʱ£ס˳ӵıȣ˸ڣޡ
硭һʱûӦãȻգգ۲ŻȻ򣬡ˣϲֱ˵£˯һ֮˵ô޵ģţҸҸЬ
ôãΪ˷չˣûЬڹˣ·ϳűߣƵĴϣڳһְֻùҩƿš
ǵסģԴ䣬Ҳͼ·ȴߵСʵѾûˣֻЩѣԷҲǳڹģû
вУҪҪҰ㣿°ҩƿͰԱߵĹҹϣǺܷĵĴ
԰־ܾʾԼû⣬ԷҲûǿ˳ȥš
תͷССĿռ俴ЩʶƷι״Ĳ֪;
ͣǽ͸ϣû´ӦǾӣͭ
ȷֱܳȣ̧߹ȥһۿʱ֪ԼϸȥȴЩ̡
ⲻ壡
ݻƵģȴྶͥҪ࣬ͣƤףҲͷû˰̣ûô̵ͷ
ЩˣϵĹ֮ˣǵͷֻ̣ܶ䣬Գֵܵ£ֻͷƤϱһ㡣
̧ǲ糤ķ˿ͫײ岻Ļ˻Σסǰֵ̨վȡ
ֻÿܺĳ˳ú񣬻ԵɺµᱻϴȴûԼԼ


2 
ķ򸾾ִٵߣ۾ĸмͣĸʾԼĵĸлŮ˺۾Ҫ֣Ǿòʣ;˻ȥ
ǡǸˡµСŮĸĸʱͻ״㽫λĸû˻ŮһУҪǳⱲӶԭԼ
ԿڲϿǶԼм㣬άº͵Цݣȴֹס̾˿ǡǸˡõõ𾴣
ΪֹԼܲʵҲţŹֽȴ飬ɲòš
Ӧػһأȴһʱ鸴ӣռ˵壬ܾ͵Ѱ
ⲻԼѡ಻֪θı˵ľ棬ֻñӦԣһһ
ŮһȫҵĶˣ̫лˡ
⻰ӷſʼѾ֪ظ˶ٴΣƮԶ˼ֻЦЦ֮͡
ѾʮָסԺзôûӱܹҲõĿֻҪпվͻҽԺһѯҽ״
ӵѵϢһʱҽԺʾл˵Ůȥ׶԰ȵջһˡ
˵Ż´ŽﻹһͰӣƺ⣬ӦǼܶΣȻĴк
䣬ʱҲˣٴţվ˵´˺úϢȳԺǳԷ
¸ǻͳţźôõСѱͰȥšɩ԰ļһأˣɵö롣
Եڻڻָ׶ΣֻܺЩˮˮţĲܳЩʳԷЩǵúϸ
ӹԷл״ɵӺһڣǺʵζͶƲ˳ȥʺϲ˺ȣɼϸġ
ǿԼʵŴ¿˽ҶԷˬ죬ûôƣ˵˲١
Ļ˵ǸˡҲԭ壬Ǻܶսѣֱǰؼҽ飬ǲŷֿ
ǰʱ֪ҲҪ飬ȰҲsзչȻһﻹӦӦ˵Ҳǰ;
˭֪⻹ûʼչؾͳ⵵¶ҽԺһɾ£ÿãڻѹ
һùǸɫֽͳӣŵƵǰ·ϸ˸ֻ֮ǰǸˤˣͻȥˣ¶ʹһɩӣǿ
ԲǺӣӡŵͼпԷǸƽĶŶ佲ֵֹġ
ֻҲ¸ɴû𣬡ôоԺľ㶵ģˣӲײ˰ɣ
ԴԲӦֺ˿ǽСֻĶó𿪲װ˱Сȥһͨŵǰ
ԭĿҸɩӵĺ붼Уˣĵʱ򻹿Ϸ±˵ţԱߵĺӣʲôĶպñŪˡ
Էӣָ⻮ֻ棬ûҲûжʣֻ˵ͷﻨѶ٣ҽʱ
ٸףʲôǮǮģ²˵ü̾˿֮ǰ˵أһ˯ȥˣֻ͵粹ɡ
գнĬһ飬˼֮⣬Ҳƾܣл㲻ٶ˵
ŲŲڴϵ壬ִϣ첻˵ɻĿŵ壬ܾԺֵֹģ˵ǰһȷûʲôģͷ۲ۣ
ԲӽŪеˮ¶Ц󡭡ҽļ㲻ǿ𣿡
˵Ҳǡ̧°ͣͬҪʲôþģһҪ˵ǿš
ֶЦЦʱЦ֣Ǵ̫˼Ҳ޷αװ֮δı塣
绹ЩҪ죬һֱ궫һҪ뿪ˣ֮ǰúϢͷ
Էһߣ㳹װʱ鿴ϵֻȥо飬䷨һࡣ
ֻĶ࣬ĳ֮⣬滹ѹżӣձ㷢˴˴Ĳ֮ͬǾһЩ򻯣Ǵܿö˿
۵ĳ򿪣ͼ֣Ӧñǽֻ÷֮ӭŴչϸж
ĳνڲͼһ߿һŲϵֻǱɹ򿪡
׵ĶˣжԴʮֳԾǧ֮˾ͨССｻ̸Ƿ˼
оԣһʱδܲʱֱлʿ鷿ֻҪ̫ã廹ڻָҪϢ
̧ͷһ۴⣬ͷƫ࣬һֻĻʾ320ǹȥһʱ˵Сʱ
˴ʱʽͬﲻͬչ۲ҽ̸ֻ֪˵Ҳм򵥽ͣǷ㡣
̯Сϵֲϸսзŵӳ̽´ߵߣǴ˴ĴԺںܸߵĵطͷܿСȥȥͣ¿˵ĳ
ֳţԼߣŷ˼оϣ۲Ҳ
ǰ͸ĲԼӳģ̧ԼƤĴУȴЩİ
ַǰգǰȡ֮֮ߡ
ҲֵľϲʮֵĽһʻģβóʹȥոʱϲپ
ƸСۣӵеĽʵ£ǸһԺҲˣ
ϰǾ߲ԳʱЩʣƲסϲãδһӵнǡ
ϲ󣬱ǲռȵԭĻǴʱȴ֪Ʈδ᲻ͬ㣬Լ
Ҳ֪һǲңǾǹӲд֪ܻʱ˽̫
Լɢ̾䲻ɱʣȴЩǸΡ
紵ʢġѽ
ŤͷȥǷСϵֻ˸δͣǺ͸ŰŪֻʱõġ
߹ȥͷһۣĻʾ¸硱֣̽ɫıʶڶߣϤ
壬ԵʲôҸɩӰҪȥˣ㰮ԵģӦòֻˡ
ʶЦЦԷڣãҲޡ
Ǳƺ߶˾䡰Ҿ֪ǶԱ˵֮УǾͿˣע´вľͽҽ
ԻǣԷҲûٶ˵к͹˵绰ཡһ󣬶߳װ
յķԳЩįתڴ£ЩʲôֻϷ˷Щ׾
æµã𷽲ŵ͸ڷصҵľƽ
ԽСֻڴͷϣڴ۾õЩİЩ˯
紵ʢģѽ
㲻ᶮһĿ֣Ҳĵ׵ı
һҲϲ𣬾޷󼰵



3 
Ƴڵϣⲿйɵֱˮ˳ջ䣬ڵذϳԲεˮ
ԵֻһɫĹֱģ米ļʮĶɣһ㾧ı
˽ͣĺһӵվһֱۣת衣
Ѿȥһˣ֮ҽԺ˼ͱ׼ԺصǰסСݣط󣬵ʲôȱ
Է˼ȸԼȥȷûκٻסȻͬ⣬˳Ϧദʱˣᱻ
һһֱŬӦİĵطѧϰ棬ͻǲССֻϲѯķǳ㡣
ǸӵĺӣҲܻȡܶϢΪʲô棬Ⲣѧϰ
ҪȲٵıǮƣ˻ǮһűĿƬҪȡҪ롣
ᵽﲻò˵˵֣ǰֻϼʱ֡֡¿ǰ˵ĺҲɣǳ㣬ڼĳЩʱ
ʵǷǳܹ뵽ַҲãҵʱͻ׺ܶࡣ
˵ſƬ˼˺ܾã˽˵Ȼһ֪ģҲû취ȥʡ
˶ԷһԹǶԵģ˵֪㲻ɺϣ˵ֻͬǱԼꡣ
︶ǮķʽҲ൱ֻ֣ɨĳ̫ͼϣҲûŪףʹ˴ӿƬȡֽҡ
ڱ׾ҲֳЦϻѧϰʲôܿ죬ɹһα㲻ǣҲϰЩ
ʱϲĻ壬ճԺǼ˵ôãҪָָܣ˵Ҫд衣
ܲ˼飬Եʴδϰ䣬ɶԷÿÿ嶼ʶӦԭµıܡ
ȻΪԵ࣬Ҳ㹻ϲûʲôӵǿǺ˶Կ
ǰµûлɣֻǴ󲡳Ļָڣοżܻ֮һǰ״̬
ʮάǿնԷ˵ķÿսϰÿÿоϲԶԼĶ͡
ͷʱڴϵֻ죬ǳʱСõ׸裬ϲλ˵Ӧ˵֣ô˵ġ
߹ȥĻϹȻǡ¸硱֣Ҳû˻绰˽ֻڶߣ¸硣
壬ָô
Է洫Щʧ棬ȱ˵Բͷתڴϣ˾ͦõġ
ֹ䣬˵ĹæѾһʱûˣǰǼ컹ǶԷļչ
˼䣬ͷһת壬֮ǰҵĹɣ㻹ǵ𣿡
Զ˶٣Ӧһ˵ʲôǵıڣ൱ǰЩʣ˽⣬Ҳûжʡ
ģƺܸˣ죬Ҹλǣ˾λҲڣѰ˼ҲûʲôĹҪҪԣ
ҡЩԥȥֻԼǰ壬²֪ǷʤΡ
㲻̫ģ˵Ǳڣʵλֻеλǲ˸ŵģЩ£Բ˵ġ
Ȱ䣬˶٣ֽŵȻҪΪǣֻǵĲҲǿ㣬ҲżٻָһҲá
ԷĻѾ˵ϣپܾƺҲãܹһҲǾ޷ʤΣЩҲѡ
˼ˣʶЦЦصԼѾûʲôʣȥԡ
ӦˬʵĻ˾Уȥ˵һͷʱַ֮ǰȥ·Ͼ˿װ
Էֻͨץëͷɨģָ
Ժʱ¾˵ͷüˣ¶ûܹôȣͷȥԼһ졣
Եʱ۶Է糤ͷЦЦû˵巢֮ĸĹӰ죬ԶὫͷǸӡ
뵽վֽϴּ䣬žӲ˲˿طǰƺҲܣԵ̫ر𣬲ộȷʵһޣЩݲӡ
Ѿɵͷëëһظϣȥӱ߷ϣɫģˬ
ʮϲ˴Ĵϰߣǰ̰İʵȵļֽǹڽҲ¶ֱ۴ȡ
ֻӣ˻رԼǰҲһЩǰǼᴩȥҲܶһ̿㣬̫š
⴦СʱһЩ壬ȴڣΪԼĸңҲڿǰ˼Ψ©
ĸĸʱͥΪҲȥ磬ûɼңǶһ
ȻЩǸԵ֪Էµʱ˿ദٰ޼Ǻ¡
ϹţֻԿףڼſЬӳţǾŵ࣬պóųԸȥһ̳˻ҪʽһЩ
⴦λñȽƫƧΧȴ¥вӣЩʳҲ㣬·ʲôĻҪԶĵطȥ
¥µһҰ˵㶫ӣ·ȥԶЩĵվʱӦò̫ӵ
˽˴дֳι״δţٶȴǳ죬ճԺʱһЩš
Ӧһ£Щϰߣڳߵ·Դȥǻᱻ۸ӵ·Ρ
ǰ㲻ţټլ鵯٣żѲʱŻȥС˴·Է㲻С
ºͣЦݿܺ׽ѯʱ˶ԸæЩĵ·
żСģĪ˷ܣͷ߿ʱһ˵ʲôİɡͦΡЦ˧Ŷ
ЦһЦӲֻ֣ĳʻܶࡣ
µϢúܿ죬̤ϵڴֻ£ͳһİĵַʱ䡣
ʮ£Ļдллַͳȥƴ÷ϰߣôá
ֻŻؿڴ˸λ£ǹգʱѾϰĸ߷ڣ˲࣬඼ڵͷֻ
ӦĻ̤վʱ͵ıȸаΧҲʶü
а̾ϰǿµ飬̶̵ʱգѾΪյĶʴ˲á
̳վԶйƶʮңԱİڷһŽĴߣûѧʹá
ķ˿һСʱѾʮһ㣬Ũҵʱ·ͣһƿˮССһûжȣȱա
ΪԵʣʮʳΪԼѳһϰߣǰļʱ򣬸ϻ᳣÷ҲܶȣʱֻССһ룬ܶҪա
Ա£Ҳʮϧ壬δԹĶȥԣԼݡ
̳һ±ˬ࣬ϵĺ˲£վſӦ£ȥݿڵָ·ǰо
˴ʽ֪Щ۴䣬۲ͬ࣬ڵϿӦǲд
ѵĹ飬֪ãһ׿йоصģûʲôڵơ
ϸȳʵװϺܺʣСһֱÿ˶Դ˵ûʲô
·˫ЬӣҪõͷǸ㶨ˣóֻʱ䣬ʮˣŴ׼ȥҸطԷ
̳кܶľ޷ŮŮӡ棬˼ջߣЩ˺񱻳Ϊǣ൱֪˻߽ǶֻǱ׷
ϵǰȥԷ¥㣬˼¿еλǷҲˣ֪ò롣


4 
мǹ£Եڶѵĺ磬ùֻۣŸո룬˼¼ʱ䣬ǴӴ
ϴԷҪʱ䣬ǸطֲϤǰȥ·Ͽܲ˳ЩΪãٵ˾ʱ
ʰ괩·µĵ绰ʹ˹Ѿ˾͵Сӣϰ߻ֵĺܺã㶼ûи
ԷȻҲҪȥģûи˵ȷһַû͹˵绰Ļϵʱͣߵ㡣
򵥳Թߵȥ˵վֻϵϢ·ߣҵ۾Щᡣ
طԶм仹ҪˣԼ磬·ʱ䣬ֻûôˣӵĺܣҵվĵطǲ
˵ʱ·ϴ˳ڽȥǰһۣȻҪһ
ϣɺȣִһװͷ϶ð˺ɴཫʱֻϵĵַ·
վ̫Զʮӵ·ִ̣˸绰ѯʣԷƺ棬Щ
֪Ѿ˳˾ǰ̨˵ҳ̳ȽԵľͿԣѾǰкˣȥġ
Է˵ĹѾߵһ¥ǰ̧ͷ¸߶ȣֻѾ˵ټԼϢ
ֻװڴֱϵ״ϣȥ޼ͷȷûʧĵط
ƿŽȥĿȣСС˿ܿҪŵˣ´˼ۡ
طܴݵʮ־£аڷŹϢɳΣȥ˲࣬Щ·Ļһۣ͵ûж⡣
װ׵죬ҵǰ̨߹ȥվڹĹЦݵĽӴòԵȣԼ˸绰
ֱʮ¥˽㡣ǰ̨ͷϵ绰ָָ˷
˳ſһۣûתͷ΢Цл뿪ʱԼѹۡ
ôãҲͦ˧̽Ҫ𣿡
ûʲô˼Ҳ⣬żһ˵ԣ̤˸պÿҵʮְ¡
Ƚϸߣ˶ﻹЩ۵ģ˰ϣЩԼĴڸС
¥ϵ½½ȥҲֻһ̧¥ͣʮϣ·߳ȥ
վŸ䲻СһͶ֮ɵĿڵ𣿡
һ㶣˵ͷԷ¶Ц˵Լȥ̽ģ֮ʾϣԼת߿
˹յҲ࣬˲һݷϢм˵û࿴ܿƿߡ
;·˰칫򣬶ð͸Ĳǽֻɨһ۾ջĿ⣬С˿һ䡣
Сǰã洫һƿ̽˰ӽȥ˵ǰ˴ˣԷ˽Լȥæ
ԿŹÿλóʾ£˸װڣ̧˽ȥϡ
Ŀռ濴Ҫ󣬰赹Ǻܼ򵥣˿İ칫ſλõһɳֲʲôġ
Ů˿վ߹һװȹͷֻױݾ¿ܸ߽ʱĿѾϵ´һ顣
ǰɣʾɳһ輸Ѿȣһ˿ڣҳ̳ȾͿԡ
ԵͷòĻ˾壬֮ͦϥ˴
̳ȷ±ӶЦЦһȽϷɵˣ㲻̫ţֻģĻϢѾ˵ˣƷԸһ㡣
¶һº͵Цݣ̱ữǳлԸλᡣ
̳ȶ˻ʱҲû¶ӣһ˵Ĺ΢ͷҲԼ˵۹⣬㣬ҲΪʲôܸظ֤ˡ
ܻͨԾһЩڣ֪ͻټֽ䱸еףƷǷĵġ
Ӻ˿ڿȣ̳ȽɳϣƽѾ˽ˣߵĹҲҪ˽⡣
Ե˵ͷڳ̬
̳ȵָߵߵڣڹʱ˵ȫƽʱҲҪߣ仰˵ҲҪͬͬסܻռ˽ʱ䡣
΢΢һ㶣ԷסһµĹҲûȫ浽̶ֳȡ
ƺϵɻ󣬳̳ȷ±ӣ͵¸ᵽһ㣬λ֮ǰǲ˸ŵģղŽǸСҲڹʱһ档
Լ¸绰ʱȷʵһ죬ûϸ˵ֻ֪λ˺ʲô£žҪ뱣ڵġ
ǻôһЩȵķ˿̳˵ʼ򣬡и˽˶Էȥȥʱ¥һҲ֪ôȥģСϵļʱûʲô⡣
ʲô˽ףǱϮˣЩȻѹҪ뱣ڡ
ǸŮӣԲҪһλԱڣסһҲеЩĹ濼ǣ˶٣ֲһ䣬ȻڴҲͨڸһЩ
˵겢ߴ٣ſȵǣ΢˼ʵסһ㲻ϻ£Ҳûмˣʡһⷿӵķá
Щ⣬˵ѾӦ棬⻹кܶ಻ĵطʱ˿᲻˻ɣ
ɷ룬Ǹδı˸ȫİˣʲôҲоֵط룬֡
򴽣Ҫ˳ȥҪһЩ⣬ӭѶϣ̧ۣԸһԡ
̳¶Цݣ֣Ժһˣ졣
Դһָֻۣһա
ľٶó̳ȵЦݸЩ˵ʵںңʮСʱͬȴЩѣǸҪԼļҪ㣬˽Ͷ࣬ȫȫ⣬ԷȴոնϣҲ˫ȡ衣
վװ°ڣ߰ɣһԺҪͬˣ¥Ϣҡ
Щĸվû뵽ܼˣûѯʣֻŶԷš
·ϳ̳ȸ˵ЩԷϢĩЦƽʱƢ̫ã֮ǰֱ˽̼ʱһֱȻҪ˵ʲôĲҪ⣬͵û
ԵͷӦˣ֮ǰ岻̫ãҲٽҵ⣬˴ĵҲС
Ƣºͣ޻仰ûƢǶôӦ
·в˼̳ȶкҲмϵ飬ƺҪ˰гʲôġ
һߵԣЦ˵ǲǹ˾ǩˣҪ߽·߰
̳ȽļݻԷϹ˵пն˽Բ¡
Ȥ˼䣬ڰִȥ˵ݿڣǰļתͷк˵˻Թ̫ۣʲôʱܷż٣̬ȶɣƽʱԵ
ֻվһߣʵʱòЦЦݵʱֻˣͳһǸİ룬֣ɴˡ
ʱӹֵ绰˵һ׵Ķ֪Ժûٽӹ
̧ͷʱȴϵļ˶̳ȵܲ죬Աߵü
ϣķ˿
Եգۣ̳ȵֻЦЦû˵Ҳûٶܡ
ʮ¥ʮ¥ҪĶ࣬ûʲô߶źܶ˵ĺһ·ȥһʶ
;һŮӣżӦŮúƯ̳ȵʱЦŽ̽㣬Ǵûж
ԷҪȥͨģʱ䣬˸к뿪ˣ̳תͷϲʶԺܳʵҡҡͷ
̳Ⱥ⣬Ҳһʣû᲻ʶԷ˿ܶġ
ϵȷʵãȻˣһ䡰Ůʶǻĸ衱
ͣһǰ̧̳ãͣ˼ûлӦϰΪ˼£μʱƮһġ
̧̧ۣ֪ǲǴеĪĶ졣


5 
źһܿϢң߿ǽĵطױõױ̨ԱǼƶ¼ܣ·Сϰ˸ִõΡ
һƤʵɳڷ룬ֻӦڴϷָķɿ죬ҵĻ
ǶȿȥĲͷ΢ɫڶͷϣΪͷס۾СɵǺͦ΢촽ǵķɫƤźˬӦûлױ
˽ƤӶû̧רעĶֻ̳̾˿ɤӣڸˣк
ֲҪġ
Сһ䣬ֻ֮ϷһŮü˾ʲôֻӵϣתͷ
һ̣ʶƳӦطֻŮ˫ֵԱ𣬲ɫջߡ
ַӦҪǶԷе̫ƯˣЩĪ棬ƤҲܰף´۾ܴ󣬽ëֳһȻ޹С
˿𣿡
ɵĳ಻һھͲЩΣƲߵŮˡ
ϸϤиˣ΢üһʱȴôҲ벻
׵ĸһʱ䲻֪ˣֽ壬ľˣɲҪ۸˼ҡ̳߹ȥԱɳķϣ̧ڿе˵
˺̵ܲܽƲƲ죬վſڴ߹ȥ
ߵǰž˳һƯͷȴܰ彫˳ߣĻ˵185֣Էŵ۾λãֻ̫ˣźСһȦټϳԭ΢̧ӵˡ
ԴŮ˵Ѿ˽䣬ʮ꣬С꣬˻Ҫꡣ
û˳ۣҶϸǿ˵ͷŶɳϣ¿ɡ
ͬˣҲǶˣ̳ȱ˸okƣͨ棬극ûױŶױ죬ʱܡ
ֻ˺ӦһŴ˳䡣
ַȥʰһ£ɳȥ㵽ȥ֮Ҫʽʼˣ𣿡̳ȹţתͷѯ
Ȼûʲô⣬ֻ룬ԷȻҪæֻ͵˵ݿڡ
ո¥ţڴֻͺʱ͸һ˲ȻҶΪʲôϤ
ЩĻͷĴ¥ĵɰɣ˾ǶԷ
˼ʱ绰Ҷϣعͳֻδʾ¸磬ǿʱ䲻ˣġ
ĻȥԷ˲ͽոôӵ绰ỹڹ˾ɡ
ҡҡͷԷ˵˾ûУѾˣ˳ͿԿʼ
ԷﵹǱˣף䣬ЦͷԼԷ֡
ĹǣǵȻʱɩӸӣǳЩõġ
Ц˵ף֮˭һعԷ˵Ҫæ֮пԼ棬˵ڹ˾Ҳϡ
ϵ绰̧ͷҵ̫΢΢۾˿̧ϵװף¥ǰ뿪
ٴνվƳǽϵľ޷ʱûж⣬ʱϳոռˡ
ԷŰ׳˫ϥɳϣ΢ͷױݸ£͹۾޹УƫƫֿЩ¶ͷ崿͸ջ
ջߣĵĳǷļ磬Ȼϲ˫ƢҲԸš
ЦҡҡͷҲǱ˳ŵģȻҲƢ߻ĺһ
ǰûãվϸģҪ˳ϦԣԸܱ֮Щ鷳
ϵһ·˼ңѾһˣ¥˵㶫ȥ˸裬ϴȥһճĺˮ
ʱĲϰߵѾ˳ˣ÷㣬طʮǻۣƳʵõĶġ
·ʼƷ÷ʰ
˵鲻ãǰҲsдһ£Ϊֹ£ûкܶ࣬һЩ·ʲôģҲûкԼıī伸װеƷ
ķӵʱǰ귿⣬ڻһ£һЩ͵̫̫˻绰ѯʣҲԸ⽫Ѻ˻
æڴ£⴦ķӣ˵סĲãҲ˴Ψһ֮أЩᡣ
֮ͬסɣȻúڴ棬ҪȥǣǮҲкĹʱ
Ǹư壬˽ңʲô֪㳤֡
ҪӸǺǽһ࣬촩һεװҲһ˽ȥʪϴǸɲˣ֮ϴ١
ǱС˳ֵ֪ʮָմˮүϴѣҪСУ˵ʲô򲻿ɡ
˼ˣǳǳһЦԼǰҲ֪ûչˣǶҲûôѣҪȥź˵Ļ޳˰ɡ

ڶһ磬Եֻ֮ĵڶ˴죬ǳ̳ȵĵ绰Է˵˾Ѿ¥ˣʰ˾ȥ
Ѿ׵ˣϵ绰ӳţϻһװĶǳõĶֻʲôġ
̳֮ǰ˵ʱôôʽȲ˵ʲôµĻжҲ㣬Щ·С
޲ɣʹ˼ɫ䣬ԲʿɫѥԵȸⶼµ·Ҳͼ㡣
¥ͣһɫĳʶͣطĳ̫࣬Ҳ㲻ףֻͦ
˵мյģ֤һξˣ˶Դ˿һϲͨ
˾Ӽʻλȷ󣬰Ž˺䣬ʮ꣬Ƣͦº͵ġ
ҶסĵطȻǿĵĵط·е£˲ʱ䣬ڻ˳
Է㲻϶סĵطرߵСҲѾǳˡ
˵סǳ̳¸ҵģǰǸ˽أַѾ¶ȥˣΪ˱ٷŸ˵ط
·иİĺ绰˵ûʲôʾ֮ԭ֮ǰ·СֽнҶ
Է쵽˸绰¥ȥҶͨ棬̳ʱţȰźãһȥ
طӦס˲СǣСſڵı̲ıȽϸ񣬵ʶ˾ѯʹͷǽȥˡ
¥£ԶԶľͳǻ֣ϴһ飬˾ԵһȣԼ¥
ͣʮϣСһǰ棬յҲǰָԷʱ
ӺܿװҲܲǸסûõԵʣûʲôġ
ſڻЬƽһԣĲǻҰɫģԼ󷽣ռҲС»һӡ
Է˵ʲôҪĶ֮ã˳һȦһסģһʱĳñ䣬ڵ
ҶǼ䷿Ĳ࣬Ƕ˸һЩ˽ƷŴǽϹһž޴Ƭڵվš
˲ڣòֻվſڴ˼ۣûֱӽȥֿ֮˳йõ䣬˵ǹãҲֻԼá
̳ǸȽϸĵˣֵµ˲ѾǰýЩϴƷʲôģϴЬҲµġ
ʱʰˣ򵥲ι۹ִţ˵ϰĵһ죬ʲôӦĶԸ˵Ժˣ׽ͬ£ÿ
ЦŸлЩǰߵһСѾͷеܻ࣬ãͦϲġ


6 
ҶڽеĹǻƷ㣬֮һɷø¼ƣгŵĺûϢʱ䡣
ԸŽϵʱ򣬶Էգվڱϵĳ̳ȿ̧̧ǴкЦЦڱվ
׻Ʒˮ͸ҶױıȽϱգͷǰɲʪЧԱЩˮɫճ͸Щɫ
˫ŲƷǰԾͷ¶Цݣܲ޺һ棬һ˾ôԡ
ʱֲеҲܿ죬ѲƷԱ࣬ߵǸǰʱЦѾˣղˡ
ӹˮ˼ڣҶĿϣԷŸǱˣͷϣʤݹ
ƯһЩƣڳҲĿģԹº͵Цݵͷ
ȭͷ޻ϣҶüˮĸӵݻתȥϢһ·
ʱϵñȽϽԼ·Ͽ֣ڼ˵ͬķһеۣڳϱĿ
̳ȻҪع˾ȥ֮гֻţ֮ǰѾǢ̸ˣĻٸ绰Ϳԡ
˸ʻֻܸҶߣͷһۣԷɱ۾Ϣָ˰ƺԽȥﲢġ
磬ɷõʱ俨ıȽϽ˻Ҫͣ緹ʱҪӺϾûԣ·ҪҪ㶫棿̽˰ѯʺˡ
Ҷ۾ҡҡͷ˵˾ͣ˼룬ֵһױʱȥԷ֮Ҳһʱ䡣
˵ʲôԷѾ˲⣬ȻǾ̸ܾӣΣԱߵ˶һۣʼá
úóԷֲôݣתͷֿԱߣΪ˲ջĿ⣬оԷǰӵԼҪϸ
ط֮Ҷֱȥ˻ױ䣬ǰȥԶܲǱī
⸽кܶ࣬˶ʳģ˼ҵӣζ
ȻԷ˵˲Ҫ˼м͵Ŀθţ̴ȥܵڡ
ȥʱȴѾɷãǲôϣֻŶվΧȺ
εĲɷñȽҶһ״ɫǳСͷĹЩױݵûжġ
ʵⶼйоأҲһЩҵչܵȴ٣ȵɷýţˡ
ϵı±ˮֻε˹ȥŶԷȥĿڽͣģѡûжĽϣֵܵͣġ
ô˵ҶŲҧһڣ̸̸Ŀòóԡ
Ժܲ⣬ΪʲôԿڶҪȥȷϻ᲻֣ᷢôݣӦҪһŶԡ
¼˷ʱģҪһĲȷֳЧƹ⣬Ҳһμ̵ĻҪĥϣ
Ҷ·ûȥҧξ͸˱ķм˼ˮʣ˰ûٳԡ
֪ǲΪ·̫ȣͷϳһϸܵĺ飬۾ë΢
תͷ˿˵ϰһ첻Ը£ԼϰҲڹΧ岻ʣ
Է΢ƳƳû˵ǰĽ˲ת磬ҩ𣿡
ҶŲŲ˵ͷŶԷӰ﷭ҩƿݹ˵űӵˮȥ
θ̫ãʱ˻᲻ԺҲһ㡣
ǿɻ󣬽ӻҩƿʱһ䣬Ȼͷʾ֪ˡ
תͷʱҶѾֱ۾ϢˣһְֻڸӦǻЩգۣ˵ĹҲûôɡ
¼ĵص㣬кܶ˿гź׵ıΧ㡣
쵽в٣Ǹҵķ˿ΨԼżʧųںź죬ܳʡ
Իǵһμֳ棬ǺЩŮȵͷͨ컹Ҫ뷨ֻǱü
磬³֮㻤ŵ磬˱Ƚ϶ܻ࣬вǵĳⰲȫʱ˳Ƚһ䡣
֮ǰܻԼţŮûʱ򱻼û취ôʱֳİæЭζ˸ߴˣҲɿˡ
ԵͷӦһ⿪ȫţź˲䶼Щۡ
̧סĳ嶯ӭϳˣԷһָ֣˸ȣ߾ٺ֡
ֳ䱸רŵİԱѾǰΧ˿ڴ࣬ǻɣټϲȫķ˿ûвµĳ
Ҷһ³͹Цݣĳǻ֣лǵļ̫ͣˣҪɹҲҲѣ
Ȧߣŵźƣ÷˿Ƕ¶Цݣ֪ˣҲ˵ѡ
ǵĻشֻӻ֣ת˼˴кһЩͷڶſͣ˼ӡ
һֱŽ󣬾ʵЩ棬ڳϵʱ򻹺˭ȴЦС̫һ㶼ղŵƣ̬
˴Ŀ˿ļбһ⣬徲˿
йԱӭȥϢң·ˣҶòԵĴ˸кûж˵
Ҷ㲻ǵһݶӵĶˣϢҲǺܴ󣬵ôҲǵһ䣬ЩĿҪͱ˹á
Ϊϲ¼ƣױ̨ڲţʱϢϢ
˼ɳ˯һҲæ賿˯µģһˡ
Ҷҡҡͷʾã̧ͷ˯ɤҪ˷ʱ䣬˵ϾҪˣһá
Ը⣬ҲûȰԼк˵ȥʿʲôʱŵ˳ٸӵˮ
һߣϢͳ׾Ҷ̧ۣһߵĵɳ°ͣʲô
Ц˵лл߹ȥɳоԼϵߣͶȥһɻ
ҶҡҡͷֻǾЩ֣֮ǰǵģֹĶȴĪ͸Źн⣬ȫеľˡ
˵£뷨ֻԴһȦ׿Ų壬󱳿ɳͳֻ˼£ҳҪĸǸʡ
ǶһͨĶ׼εĸ̨߳ʱԶֻܾ죬ȻҲܶſ
ϰߣǵʱⲻŵ߳󣬵ڰϢﻹǺԵġ
Լ˲䱻ȥߵľԼһֱף컹ЩԼĴܹȷˣǾǶԷ
ûֵ׺ֻ˵ʵҪֻĸɾĳŶԷһʱ
Ҷһ̧ͷĬպøײϣƺüԼĸҲûôİɡ
ͣˣȻҲŻ񣬼ɫ̫õĶԼЩԡ
ֻɳϣҶü̽ҿϣ֮ǰһֱڲʱֻӦòɣ
Բ֪ΪʲôҪһ˲ͷ
Ҿ˵ûаϸҶ߶һ䣬΢°͵жˣȻֱҵֳԺ˵ᰮ衣
εͷЩɣ֪òø߶ԷԼʵĸ裬һ
ֻûüֵͣĸͺʱڰϢһʱͣ˼롣
һۿӿڴ̧ͷԷ
Ҷһģһ߹켣˭Ҳû˵
ȣ˼ҳȥӸ绰Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôΣȭڴɤ߳˻ңжٴЩĶӡ
ҶűϵϢţͻȻ࿪Ц̣ȴûסЦ˼ԭҵĸ԰װʲôһ


7 
Žеĺ˳Ҷû浢ʱ䣬ѻͲԱ̨ӹˮ
׸˺ܶ飬ֳǵһΣȷʵһڿտĻ᳡صܴһ
Ҷˮתͷֻǰôֳʲôر𣿡
֪ԼĸһֱͦõģԼĻҲԵͷʵĵ
ʵ׸㲻㣬ǱȽϺüǣҲͨǶԷܳʣ˺ܶࡣ
ûˣҶȻѷݴʣƲƲ죬ķ˿ɻᴵʺƨˣЩ鵽ȥ˵ãַĸ
ԱͲÿޱˣʧ̧ӣּһ䣬ʮö
Ҷ˸ۣѾָˣֺ˿ˮѱ߿ֱȥϢױ죬ױʦѾˡ
ΪֳƹȽǿΪϾЧãεױŨЩɫӰߣ΢΢ɫҲһЩ
ȥһ֣¶ЩͷЩУ׹ɫյİ׳⿪ſӣպ¶ǡ
վھǰ̧ʦ·°ڷŽϸļֻ־ס
Ҳֻǳ˰ζѣԵ̨жʱ䣬ҪԵģ
Ҷھ̧һۣ˶ҡͷˣԱ˲ó裬ҪǶ˾ͳȥԷɣҵȽ˵
ԵıڲǺܶ⻰ֻȻ̨ûôشҡҡͷҲٶ¡
ʽ¼ƸŵʱһֳѾˣȻҪңûȥڵļ
Ҷ˵̨򳡣̨żгŵʱûֱܵϣ¼ƵĲ̫˳̨ϳ˼δ
׼ߣͷЦһ״̬ã죬ɤûиɱٳ
ԲеƣֻöԷϾܱôãӦúǿֻûҶҲģڳЩʲôҲе㳳Ǻϲ
ķӦôңָӦǺܻӭ߲̫Եʡ
ķ˲ʱ䣬ǽˣ˿ڴ󺰰ڸ˵˵һЩлĻ
Է³ڸԱΧȥһһʦˣԷǫлǹ°ĴԱ߹ûע⵽ǡ
խϳЩûԼڵݣֵǰȺľ롣
Ҷʶֱַ̧ۣĸƤһܸоԷʵļ⣬ĵľǺãұʾԼһҲĽ
Сϵƺû֣ԲԷ΢۽ޣܹԵվš
ջЦЦӵнѾ뵽б˵һա
ȵȺ߾йԱǸϳˣ׼һ£˵껰
Ҷŵʱĥ˺ܾã¼ƺ˳ֻоͷСʧһΣĶû⡣
·вٸҷ˿ƶĵ棬ķ˿ֻһСֺͼվڣҿؼң·Сĵ㣬ͣ·ߵĳ㳤˿
ͳֻһۣѾʮˣһҪһСʱ忿ϡ
Ժĺ˯һ;ԼóͣһΣ۵ʱѾ˼¥¡
ȥϢɣҸ˾ǡӳǰ̽ͷǻӻ֣ϵʱ˵㡣
ԸŴӸ³¥ϵݵʱԷЩԺ¥㶼˰ֵϡ
ʱǱɣҶߵЬӣȳɳ˹ȥԼˤ档
ԹؾصĻЬӣߵЬںãߵǰĶ£ϴ˸֡
ʱԷƻûб䣬óĲͺУȳԵ㶫ɡ
Ҷ̧̧ͷŤŴɳϵĲͺѾˣǰԹһ꣬Ȼţʲôʱģ
·ϵʱ򣬽ġ԰ѸӶ򿪣ʳζ࣬ЩС˸
ҶĶӺ֪ĿʼüȳԣԼȥϴɾ֡
ʱߵʾԷС̶࣬ϹϹ̫߻ᷢ֡
˰ӣҶ˰ϵֻ£ס°ͣ壬㶼ʲô裿
ԸҧһûŻĻȰʳȥŵֻһס
ļٵģҶ۾ȷԷǲԼǰ֣Ͼǰֻ֣ҿ
ûʲô̽˽ԾסֻƵԷǰ
㾹Ȼû룿ֱӽҳҶ㶣̧ۿˣָ滮˼£Խ˼飬ֻƽʱģ
ʱ䣬绰ʵʵĻش
Ҷ¶һʮı飬ʲôͷӷԣֻ̫ˣûһϷͲ˵ˣȻûУ˵appˡ
ղſ˿Լ׸ֻԴģֻһףǻмߵĸ裬Լġ
һѾ̧Ҷ˵㲻ҵĸԣ
ҡҡͷ˶٣ֲһ䣬Һϲ
ǣллҶƤЦⲻЦĳǣĻεĲͳԼɤ˲ôȤ㲻Ҹµ㶫ɣ
ٴҡͷԷȻҲֻǿһ䣬ͷû̧Ϳʼֻ֪ڵЩʲô
ԼĲͺ̧ͷһ䣬ȳԷɣˡ
ҶܷܵӦһ˳ͷ˿࣬û뿪ֻ
ȵһ˵ףԷŰֻתλΣϹźܵЦ
еĸ趼ղؽȥˣΪҵıڣֻ֪ҵһ׸Ҳ̫ˡ
ֲõЦݻۣŽ߾۽ֻϣһĸʾĸֶǶԷ֡
wxҲºˣ֮ϵܷ㣬Ҷ˵Żֻջȥָڽϵ£ݹŵǰԼ˺š
Եͷ˿ֻϵĽ棬̧ͷʱЩãȻҲֻĲѡ
ҶӼ룬գգ۾ܲĵɴ󣬡㲻᣿
ı̫ˣԵͷʱЩɣԼ¶ʲô
ڲôϸȫֻѽҶ߶һ䣬ĲᣬŲԱߵĵϣҸ˵
յúܽкܵζ֪ˮʲôЩ󣬴ԵĽǶⲻ˿һƬ𪣬ߣ̲סƳ۶ԷĶȻʲôûС
׿˼ͷ˵ָʾ棬ͷԴȻܿ죬õ¼ʱԷòתͷ
wxȻ˺ѣҶͷǸͨʶֽҶӣԼĻ
룬ֻԴķ羰ͼϣָĳһ㡱֣ԷɽķЦЦ˵ϲ֡
Ҷûٶܣѳ̳ȸwxƸֽ¼ָֻƣ˽
鷳õĶԼգҲա
Թֹĵôֻһʱ䶼Ѿʮˣ֪ƣʼҶкطϴ˯
ԽϵĶպ÷ſڣŵʱ˳ִϣصͷ仹Ŀǽߣ档
򵥵Ĺһ£·ҽյĹõĶڵϣѾ͵ֻŵͷϳ磬ʰ˻ϴ·ϴּٳ˸衣
ʱҶķܰӦѾ˯ˣŲصϷš
ͷİĴϣһʱЩ˯ţʱҽԺͳһ
ҶƢȷʵ㲻ºͣľ˻ֲᷢദ˵ʵ£˸һ㡣
ܴһΪȫİԼϵϰߺǰкβͬоǶԷԸԭ򣬲أûж˵ľнҲЩ
ùͷϵֻ㿪ͼ꣬ѡһ׸貥ţСŻȥӯڰҹԵۣͣӦ˯þ


8 
Ҷг̶ûʲôУģصҼҲ˯ѡ
ôԶԱڼѾӦݵĽԷҲųˣȻڻǰǺˣʱǺܺġ
Ļ̳ȳ׷ģг̵ʱ˺ܶ࣬ϵ˱ϾֹҶһˣƽʱæµ
ѵýıȽ磬һ¼ostĹɲӣϵ˶ɢˣҶѵúҪȥȿȡ
ֻǸöطſȥûã̳ȵĵ绰ʹ˹˵ǻع˾һˣҪ˵
ɵʱҶˣΪ˹ûа취ֻܷԸ˾ı·ߡ
̳ȵϢֽǽϢһ£˳Źغá
Ҷīϣʲô̯ɳϣĵ̽㣬Ͳܸһǰ°Ļ𣿡
֪Ҫ˵ûȥɳǱߣŽһԶһϡ
Լӣ̳ЩЦܲעƬŵϣ˿Ҫˡ
ҶƲƲ⣬ɴһȥҳúÿʲôÿǶϲ
ôֱ׳ó̳ȷ°ۣٸ˵ЦϵĶʾˣ¹
תͷۣҶ鲻ԸùƤϵü·籾ȷҵĹ
̳ȵͷжţɫ趨ϲŮԱҲ֮Ӧòͣعȡ
ô˵Ҷȴûʲô˵žһѾ籾ϣҲȥǸֲ֣Աרҵ¸רҵ˸ɣ
Ͳ³ôӦ̳̾˿֪Լļ֣ˣӲȻɸһ߻ž룬֪ȵΪʲô
ҲҪ֪ȣҶһֱ壬ջ𣬡ֻ볪裬ֻ֣ʲôȦ
ִûԤϵģ֮תתһֳĬϵ飬ûʲô֡
ּ̬ȣ̳Ȼͷʹְ̧˰ǣȰ˵ǸԣϷݲ࣬һµʱ꣬ᵢ㳪ġ
ⲻʱ䳤̵⣬ҸͲϷҶְڲ輸ϣҲϷ˾ôˣưҲ٣Ϊʲôƫƫһȥ
Ҳ֪˾кܶˣ̳ҲЩͲסЩ֪ж˰𣿹˾Ը˵ļֵƯ˼ҵݾϽɫԸ㳢ԣܲܺúϧ
Ҷ̧۾ΪջЩ죬ЦһΪǰɣǵʲôʱŲӪִԣ־ڻҪȥϷеʱ䶼Щ߰ŵжûд¸𣿣
˵ȴ־ЩйЩԳֵдô޸ĸģҷȥԶϴԵĿˮ裬Լá
Լˣ̳ҲЩģ̾˿ǹ˾ľҲûа취ΪԼã𷸾󡣡
ҪǲҲͲҶˣޱĴɳվŤͷߣԼȥϰ˵
ųȥʶվԥ£뵽ְڻǸȥԷ˫ֱصڵݿڡ
ƯΪúܽתͷһۣջ߳Ĭվߡ
мˣɫʶȤûдССĿռһƬžպ͡
Ҷ˵ݾֱϰ칫ߣſڵȻʶ˵˾Žȥˣüû
Եûиȥûվ̳ҲŽ׷˹۽յţվԱߡ
̽㣬ĲȥȰȰ𣿡ȻЩģŮ˵ĸ첲
̳ҡҡͷ۴ûͷȰҲûãڰɡ
칫ҵĸĺܺãվʲô˴Ҳûʲô̸һƬš
Լʮӣ칫ҵ͵رҶֱֵ߳գ۾ͮͮģ̧Ƕ£һԲĴӸǰ߿
е㵣ģʶȥҪϣߵĳ̳һѣԱ̧̧°͡
壬ȥķ䣬ȥ
Եͷȿ첽ȥ¥ֻϰ칫Ҹ˵Ϣңܰûʲôڡ
ϴּſڣ洫ˮ̧ͣͣŽȥ˸򣬿ϴ̨ǰЩˮͷţڸһЩԵ
֪Էǿûٴȥת߷ڵשĻϡ
塣
ûȺܾãˮͣԷһƽʱЩƣ˲
ҳֽ
ֽйԱߣֳ̧һųתǰݹȥ
̧ͷӾϹЩˮ飬ȾʪЩԷܿ촹ۣתֽϡ
֣Ե߲˴źӡϣ򴽣ûпڶʡ
ǳϴּ䣬棬ŸɫССģ磬̽˱
Ҷû˵ʲôֽӹϣ̧ݵķߣȶ
ԽӵСݹɫҡҡͷԷ׼û취֪ʲô
һֱ˹˾ϱķ˶ûٿ˵ҲģȴĪ˾Щѹ֡
ǰ˺ܾã̽ͷ̽˼Σڻðűķտڣ磬̽˵ȥϢһϡϰ˵˺͵ʲôĳԸ棬㿴
Ҷű߷ڳ⣬⻰Ҳûʲô̫Ӧ֪ˡ
ôϣһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôֻð˻ȥʱǳĬΪ
תͷϣ鵹ܲµ֣޷ǾǿõЭ
ԼҲйʱ̣ฮҲᣬʴӱȴһưܵӣöãá
һؽ췭ظС棬ֱ˵ȾΪͬǿá
ʱǻͼʵĥЭˣȴ䳣̬
֪˵ʲôο֮ԶͽͣΨиԼʱ䣬˼ˣջߣֻԴȫȻ֪
ϵ˱һ·ôûԷ˼û֣˵Ӧܸס
˳ԷǹҪֺܸ·ȥϢñôʽҲʧ·Һá
ҶѾˮıɳʱ̫ЩľתͷԱ˰ˣȵʲô
û뵽ͻȻڣһ£ЩãȻ
Ҷתͳָֻ˼£˵ǺȶģҿɲʳԣҪʲôҵ
˵ʱ򽭽ôñͷҲû̧һ䣬ԷɫЦЦҪԼȵĿŵ
ͶԻصԣʵȲĿȣɬвһζأζȽŨԺʲôһġ
Ҫһʱ䣬Ҷ˵ȥ裬˼ͨһĺϵױղҲϴˡ
һ߿žиܵɳ£ȻúÿޱʱҲе¡
ЦЦûжԴ˷ʲôֻǱǣԸⱻ˿̽
ֻǳ̳ȷϢ˵ô䣬֪Էȶ
Ǳûж˵ֻͷæֱ֮ȥԷĵطǵʱϣֳ棬ڳŲС
ûþʹͷվȥñõ·ó԰æͽȥ
һֽӹŵǰãӦûӴ˼¡
ͣű򿪣Ҷֻ˶̿㣬ͷûȫɣЩҵĴԴϡ
߱ɫռݣԼ˲࿪˾ӣְ·ݹȥ
ҶסƶĿ·ŮľٶһֱĿͶԷǰ߿ƲƲ˻طţֵֹġ


9 
Ѿҹɫ޺ĵƹҶӳڲϣӰƣģλá
ջߣԼĴ⣬ڿٵĺˣ·ŵʱ⣬סץ
һŵ̾ϢʶĻͷԱߵ˶ͷ῿˳ϣ׶͸Ųˡ
ǰôװ£ϳͿʼȥԽҪЭĿĵԽǳĬ
ǸоߣҶ̧ӳĵӰ￴Ҳ֪ܴܲģӰ￴٣ֱֱķ˴
ֻǻ˸ߵ¶ѣ룬ɴҲûתͷþ
ֱͣһ΢ĻζԷͻȻ˹۾￪ʼ˽࣬ڳϡ
͵ĳ̳ȿĳ߹濴棬ЩƮ̧ڳá
ҶǶ˶壬ţԷһÿ³λá
̳ȵվȣ⿴˿ĲûпʲôۼŷģļȨǰο
Ըһ³˹ԺŮ˴кԷ˵ͷ
øӦˣǶλȥԷ˵žͿԡ̳תǽȥڴʾһ
һҺˣװ޺ܾ£Щƫ£תͷ˼ۣомС
зԱӭȥõλã̳Ȼӻִȥ¥ϵİᣬǵǰȥſˣʧ
Ҳⲻ˺ܶ࣬ò͵ʱǰԤ˿ܾûλãǴλ߹ϯ
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ЦЦǰԣʳûʲô̫Ŀڸ֮ڲ˵ѡݻȥ
ȷԱǵĲƷ˿˿ˮ˷ܵ齵Щ̾ƽʱӦˣλҪΪһݲϲĹ˳Է϶ܲˡ
ԵָĦڱϣӦ͵ĵ˵ͷǰҲϲ£Ҹ󣬼ҴҵͨǱϸ岻ãиֲٳ֣ǲµģҲڲ¥һ
ʵƢãɹߵˣűӰŪѹЩҸ̽ǵãᶣǺˮ
Էӳ˼룬˵£Щε˴翪ţҴ˵Ҳ˼ɣֽҲǲӦ
һ򿪻ϻӾͣͷһصദҲͺȤķҶ¡
ԷѧѧУϵ˾̽ȥ˵ʱ㣬ʶǩԼ
ʱҶǩ˹˾Ժһ߹һ߶飬ɤֳƯһ˲ٷ˿
ΪֹѾ꣬ҲһֱȻ㲻һߣҲж˵ˮ׼
ֻԼ⣬ǩԼı볪裬˾İװȫòϣַġ
˳д˺ܶӳ˵̫ɬѶҪ˲ϴԵĲܸӡ
׷ǵķ˿˭Ʒôúÿ򵥣дϲŻг
ЩˣʵмԽӵ˿ǣΪǻӪҵ
Ҵѧʵϰʱʼҵֱ֮˹˾Ҳһˣ˿ڲ˷ŽӹĹĵģܿԽԽġ
ϺʵԶ˶٣ͣŷŽ⼸ҶԿÿΪǶԼţȴԳࡣ
֮ǰԼЩĿģЩôϲֱȴȰ¡
зһͦõģҶԼסһ˻᲻̫ƲƲǣ˴ռйĴ㡣
ЦЦû˵òᣬԷĹƯֵһҪĴУʵܸǿܶԼ
һٷǳԵͦãܶʱ䶼˵ϣ֪ѾȥһСʱ˵ֻģǱӦûû
룬Ǵȥһһ£ĿյҲȽϴ󣬴Щ
˷Աʰӣ̳֮ǰѾŰһˣǲùܡ
SеĿȽϳʪҲȣϵ˲ɢˣЩ紵ûô̡
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һֱĬĲ˵һЦҡҡͷֻ˵ҹľɫ
ΧһȦԥҪҪ۷Եĵ绰̳ȵ͸Щƣۣ˸ǹȥæ
ҵϻز˷Աҵ¥ϣûйأȥʱֿյģ˺Ѿˡ
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ҶſϣһҲԿȥʱŵζӦǺˡ
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̳̾˿ڰ֣ʾܣϿ˻ؼҲ¡
Ͷʷ̬ƣԼѾȥˣ˭֪һͺȣ׵¶ǣξƲմﻹѡ
֪Էڶ˾ҲǸԼģܣֻ˼ķʽ
Խ˵һֻ첲ڼϣȿϸ֣˷ȣԵȥ
Ҷ˵ǺܹԣҲã˫ĿյĿӦǲüͷһ
ѹνǵñӸ˴ϣñѹЩסǹóȥʱ˿
̳ȥ̨ˣǴȻسϣſڵʱԷ£ϻȥ
Ƶе˶ԷȫݵĺܣǼҲ󣬸оء
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תͷ˵ñӸ˰˳ù˼˳ָȡ᲻
Զ˶٣תͷһǰĽԷųȳ̳ȹûע⡣
ֽŷ˵ĵĶָԷ۽ǣĨȥ۵ʪ⣬ϣڸһñ֪
̳Ⱥܿˣվڳ߽˻ؼңԼ˳½дݻȥ壬չˣθãղûʲôǵȱţȡ
ԵͷӦ£ԷղҲ˲پƣȻͷۣûٶ˵˾ߡ
ǰ˴ŵı±ӹ͵ߣԷѣ촽ˮʶڣûüʵĴǻ䵽ϡ
Խӹǰ漰ʱݵֽ˲øɾ˳ְˣԴúõĿС
ԷĵطǵסԶСʱĳ̣һ·˶ֵͦģ˲żһ£ǹԹԵġ
ȵ¥³ͣȣ˳Ķں档
¥һŽȥæĵƣʱɳϣźá
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ۻɳϵ˻㰲߹ȥ˻ν֣ԷüͷûлӦʶûѡ
򴽣ס˵ֱۣż˷䣬ڳһְֻĵơ
۾ߣµʱԷֱȴûɣ˵ĺܽ


10 
£Էžζĺϣ۽΢ߣסԷֱúõķࡣ
˾ƵǻȣԷʶĳ˳ӣͷҲ˺˿ڴͷҵңؿ˿յ

תͷҶǾƾܣһţ϶Ⱦ˺ˮת˷Դ䡣
ԷϴƷڷŵú룬һ˷ݵģҲ¸¾Ա߹ŵëˮͷʪ
ʱϵ˱ƣһţ﷢ϸ΢ʶԾ߹ȥڴ߶£ëŵͷϣҶ
ַ˵ļ˻ΣԷûᣬȴԽԽİڸʲô
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뿪ûõ˾½˻Թϵ绰ëȸ˲˲ʹĵθ
˵ֽһƼʹȻѾʶ壬ҺҲһȥ
šüְ˲˲ԷʼٵĴϢŻæ߿ȥС
Ҷû³ڴ߸ŻԣθۣٶŤ˼±ԴҲǺް취
ҳûãʮҾ˻ǰϢŵ¥ʱѾ˱Ҫȥ
ҶſϣȻѾ۵ĺˣһѪɫûУˮһʣָľǰϡ
״Ҳʲô侲Щû˰˵֤ϣںغ˵š
ӵ¥ſڣ˾ѾɫİţԴȥ˷λֻסͷ
Ҷûʲôʶ·ûɣͣͣڳһֻ˵ָʩ
Ҫץסʲôܻʹתסָ߬ĽģЩۡ
ûѣýŰ˷ŵλϣԼֱץŵת˸̧һࡣ
ŵֳ˰ȫϵãʹ̶סԷͺ¡
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￪ҶĺȴûͣϵTʪһƬ߬ĸȾЩʪ⡣
ԸҪֽ˲ʵĺˮ˳ֲºʪճڶϵͷ
µڽһϣ߿ãһ˲ԴӴ˴ͷһأֱǿҪĸо
һ̣ǶߣƮƮһ˲̤ܲϣȵվš
ߡ
ʹ˼̧ۿ˲԰׵ֹȥθఴ⡣
ãԷüͷЩ岻Ҷ΢ͷĻ˯
һ·ʻҽԺֱӱͽʱһȵϵȴ
Եָץһ·ЩѪľఴ·ܸоʪ¶ȡ
̳ûҲϵҽԺ·Ͼʹ绰֪ͨˣµԺôҲˡ
ô£Ȼĺܻң·ͷģһûüϴͽ˵绰ΪȾƽȵʱ򵢸ʱ䡣
Լ򵥽ҲǺֻܵȵȿҽô˵
̳Ҳûٶʣ̾˿һ£·ͷָƽʱģر۾ȡ
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ƿڵĲţҶ˯ڴϣ¶ڱֱ̺Һ룬ָϸźܿ
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ͷԷȥǰһͣڴߣһ˵Ƥϣճ˽ëԥ£ȥ
˯ŵƺţ΢ëָ⣬Щ֣ȷûбѣջࡣ
ֱƿתǳ̳ȣŶԷ߹˺ÿλá
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ҡҡͷⱾҲְڡ
䣬ܿ챧ŸůֱҺֻ棬һ㡣
vipŴ֮⣬һɳ״ȶһʱûߣһȡ
΢󣬿ɳϣ۾ǽϹŵӱָѾʮλϡ
̽㣡
һ͵ۣһ˲תͷȥʲô
ϵɫܻţֻݵŮǰ㿴ѣСʱǰģȶѾǰλˡ
̳ȵֻĻϣɫҲһ䣬ӶԷֻ㿪ҶԺѣָһ顣
ųͼƬ˱˽ҽԺģ֮ǰԷʱܳĻ棬ԷǶȿĺպʱ̧ͷһ˲¶ñ⡣
һʱ䶼ǴΪȴ˲ʾһƬֱܿ
̳ȵɫѿ֪Է϶ǿڶǣȻôɣô췢ȥҪֲ
ҶҶ֪̲Ⱦƣ³ƵŽϷΪ
Ҳ˲ҽԺˣ̳ȽһʹҴ뿪ŵʱѾڴ绰֪ͨأ˭˯ˡ
ԶǵĻźãȻǺʲôһۣٽһ飬Ȼתͷһ۲ϵˡ
̳Ǳôǲ岻ֻ֣ܴҽԺѲչ˺˵滹йжأҲٶˣ˭֪Щ޵˻дʲô
͹ҲҪţϢһ˯һлʿ鷿⡣
һߣﰲֻпյ΢ӱָ߹ùң¶ȵһ㣬ĵҲصֻ´ͷĵơ
ҩˮд꣬ٶȲ죬ƻҪһСʱң֮ǰ˯ûȥ
¶Է֣ΪůֱָůůĴ¶ȣջ֣ڴ¡
ָоͦģǰ岻ãǲ齣߳ιҩֽҲչ֮ʱ
ҡͷЦְ̧˰üģ۾ЩҹɬУƤ⣬˼һӿڴͳֻ
·ϢҶûټֻż绰ѯһôǲϵġ
㿪һۣѯѵ£Էֻ˯ǰˢˢֻ˭֪Ϣе㵣ߵ״һ䡣
ظ˵Ŀǰûʲô£úϢ½ֻŻؿڴ̧ۿ򻹺֪˹
һʵ˳һһķǹµԭҲûǰĹɿ޷θ


11 
ҶۣûʵĴ͸Ĺߴ̵ֱϣһ£֪ĳԴӣְ̧ڶͷϡ
ˣ
ͻȻתͷȥԼıůˮ߽ͣڲ߽¡
ҡ
³һ־ͱԼɳƵɤһڲɤ۸۵ġ
ԿĶշµˮ˰뱭ˮϵıˮģߣգ۾ȥ
ӻ˻ΣͷɢƮϵʱӵݹȥ̣źȡ
ҶѱӽӵһȦܵĻ֪ԼҽԺԷļѾģˣ˰̫Ѩô
Զֽͷҡ⻹סԺʱģ˿ȥŵոθ
ఴԴֶ˶٣Ҷȷʵ˺ü¶ǣֲѻ·Ҳһ֣ͷˮΣ
磬յˮ̵һۣȽȥİˮ³ͷȷ硣
˵̡Դѱӽӻϳһֽݸ졣
ҶֽϣߵһۣĵͲҶҵ𡭡
Ҫ˼ƽϣǨŭûзεĵͷǸ
ССĲҶǵɢ˸ɾĨȥ°ϵˮգֽһŶߵͰչң
šӦһתͷǽϵĹӣѾߵˣ˵ͣӦÿˡ
Ҷθڻʹָȥ˰һվԱߵˣڵĵлл㰡
¶ºЦ⣬ùϵıӣҷ֮¡
תϴּȥˮۻµһûеݸڴţҶջߣͦϸġ
Ĭһڿյϸ΢У߿ǰ˹ߵչսۡ
Ҷθϲ̹ͷ磬̽𣿡
ԷľˣסԺô¶϶֪Ҫ֮϶Ҫһ٣ͷˡ
һˡ֮󡭡˵ͣ£̧ѯʵ򴽣æܿˡ
ҶԵͷû⣬Ůֵ¹źüˣæӰϰˡ
ļһֱſյķЩƣϵĿˬһЩԸɴཫ򿪣滻ЩʵĿڿҿҹĿյϢʱ䡣
洵΢縧Ҷ࣬˳תͷ˿ԴǸжٻ˵㡣
һˮڵ¶ȣһѳԵŽѾѣɿ
Ҷ˼ڵˮŻشϣֱӵгô죿
ʱ˻ǹЩΣæŰѴĲͺóŵ԰ųСϣϻصϢɣ̽㶼Э̺ˡ
ô˵Ҷûʲôһ򿪵ĲͺУ΢üôࣿ
磬θ㻹ʲôкԱߵһԣӸֻܺһ
ҶûʲôθڣûȤˣڽƳһ۶ڳԵС⽣ζֻꡣ
Ŀ̫ԹˣԵ̧ͣͣȴѾߣӴİ࣬ЦһЦͷԷ
ˣҵֻڼˣ˭øáҶЩ࣬θů˾úЩʲô̧ͷ
ɫ˶٣һ磬ŲͱֻˣúϢ
Ҳиⳡ϶з˿ͻȻȡǰܣܵ÷΢һ¡Ҷ֣ҡ
˾Ǳ߻͵ģ㲻á
ҶȻƳһ۳Ĭˣüǲʲôң
ĽŴǸЦ֪Ҳûã˳֪϶ֻ֯ԣһһʮİ¶ˡ
ҶȴûʲôʾɵģĲԼĸš
һʱ͸ʲôԥ˻磬ЩҲ֪ļͼʲôϹ˵Ҳ磬ϡ
̧ۿСӣҶЦ£ҡͷû£ҲǵһˣҪԵġ
ϸ˻ȷûʲô˿ʰʰǳԹķ˵óȥӡ
ԽСڳĬϣȫȻⶨܣԼǰ㣬εĻǸõĲӣɻвʡ
˶٣ƿĿ⣬Ҫǿ֮һԸ˰οӶá
컹ƿˮҪ緹ûûʿҩֱϵۻûְһ롣
ѽůֱϵ磬׽ϵеۣȰ´οɲˣҲܸԼȥ
Ҷ˸ۣ˵ԽԽ̽ˣôģҲѡ
뷴ڴֻȴʱƲƲͳɫһ㶣ݳȥǰ̡
ֻĻϡ̡ܰıעҶֽӹʱ绰϶˵£ֻڼˣֻܴ򵽽̾˿

裬ҡܻţҶʱѯʣôˣʲô𣿡
Ҵ绰ôû˽أǲҽԺҸղھ̵Ůˣ˵ʲôԺô£塭
裬ͣһͣҶٴοڴϣЩΣһһģôش㣬û£Ǻúõ𡣡
˺侲ЩǲסԺˣϲأеĻְֱȥsտ
û£绰ڼˣǷθƿˮͺˣֲܰǲ֪ġҶϴͷ˸λãĵĸ˽͡
ô˵ͦǱ߲㽥ģ߶ָ˼ע壬úóԷ˾ٻؼңóԵģôƴ
ҶӦһʱ򶼾˵ĩ˵Ҫҵ绰ʱԥŵô
绰ǱߵԶЩڽ˭ܿЩΣأ㲻õǣˣ˵סԺĵҪƱˣֲԸ˵
ǱԼԼ˭ҶЦЦֻƽǵĻȣû£嶼þУԼóԵģõߣг̽ڣ˱ڣһչأĿ̹ˡ
˷ˣҲܸЦ˵̫үɲҪ۸ˣЦЦ˼ϵ绰
˿ֻݻȥʮˣĸȴǽɺӣиͷȵĶҪ꺮ů
վԱĿ绰ọ̈̄ĵԼ˵ʱԭҲûҪһµ̡
˼ЩƮɢ֪еĸǵ֪ѶεѹЩ岻ãҲ֪˳
壡
񣬲ϵɻĿɫʲôôЦҡҡͷ
ҶҲ£ȥ䣬˷һѣˮ㣬ҲЩû
߹ȥס֣´վȣְ̧ҩˮժŲӣ˽ϴּ䡣
ŷ϶ɽ˴Ѷ㲻æǽϹ̶ĹϹҺҩˮ˳ȥ
Ȼػһĺʵ̰ͼЩĪеģ֮ܲȫ
̳һֱʱŸϹ˳緹ǣæһѹȥ˾Ҳνġơ¼
ǱҲЭ̹Ϊ˫棬ɴȶȹ¾ԱŮ󣬷˿ǵصĸǵעܿ챻תƣôЩɵҲûЩڴ
־Ǿʹ˽Ҳû˽Էɲ´ΣСƨƶûմѧ˽ƽ¶ǾͱŵͷѹĻԼԡ
εҶҲʵʵĵͷѵм̧ԴЩЦ۾˦˸۹ȥ˿϶ȡЦ


12 
ҽԺ죬ҲҶѵõϢѾ˸׼̳ȴһܵļ٣Ż᳹һҲоо籾
ǾǶԷҪĿģʱȻܾ˵ܳʱдд衣
ҽԺǲԼѵòܸŵ˯˸þ۾ʱֻۣչ˵㡣
ڴ˸ڿҪҪ˯ʹŵֱĹϡ
ûҶķű̽죬˵ѯʣͷӦһ
ѾˣҲûߴ٣ֻԼͣϴԣź𴲵ĶǰĬĬ˿
Էؽ˴ҽԺ̳ȸ˵壬ö鶢˳Է
ıȽ磬һߵңԶһ壬ȥ˸ͣ˵㣬ý𴲳Է
հںͣʰ˾ųʶ̧£Ʋϵഩ·
ӵҶͷԼɵİt̿㣬ﴩˣԵƳԷ̫ܲܿڿ졣
ֿһΪڹ¶İԼ˫ȣŵ̾˿˼˵Ŀ֮磬Ҫϰߡ
ǶԷݹھƯʶܽ˫Ƴһ۶Ƿӡ
緹Ҷó֮ǰ̳Ƚľ籾ûʲôɳϷյķպôֱҪ̫
Խʰķʱ⣬ʱɳϵˣùڷϵı̺ϣĪҪ̰
ǰӲãܼ÷磬ԾҪϺüգ񿵽Ƕϧ壬˴󲡳ҲעЩá
Ҷ͵ĿһۣҲûֻܾ߶˾䣬һ
ʵĴ̺ӿҲû˺ˮһĵɳݲ衣
ԭϰߣùϲȱˮ˴˴Ҳһֱ֣֮ǰĳݲв߱һЩ˴ȫδùװƷ
֮ǰŶԷһֱæµûʲôУѵпգҲΥһء
Ҷ¾籾˶ĲЩѹֲʲôõı
ײǰ⴦ӵʱ̳͸ģ˵ٺȵ㿧ȣû¶ݲ裬֮һҲûù
˵˵ģ΢ϷŪĶ˳ĪĿ£һʱǽڷֳ
ߵһ죬Сɾµɰǰ˳ջصֿȥ˴Ц⣬á
Ҷ룬Щڵת߿Ƴȥʱ򣬶Էһڱᡣ
־ֹ̬ĺܣװģȻȻģϸˡ
΢ͷҶֱֱĶദʱΪæûʲôϸ۲ԷĻᣬôһ͸ЩĪĹϣԵʾȻİġ
ôֱ׵ߣȻܸоӲͷôˣ
Ҷæҡҡͷΰĺ˿ڲ裬֪ɻ󣬡ҼûҶɣ
ҲûĿ⣬ѯʣ˵ͷҴģɻϲ
ƷҶȲʲôҲ˳ŵͷӦ²ۣøͷһ
ϰҲ񣬴٣Ҫ̺ӡ
˵ԺƢЦЦǸĸĵܵܣҲǲȲ裬ÿض˵һ
ҶѺһĲŻز輸ϣɳϼ籾ûۣ۾һ壬̽ݲ£
ͣͣЩɻѯ
Ҷһµž籾Ųŵɳϣ̯ǰָָĳһ֣ɫҪ
˾ӵⲿǴĹżݵжǸСӣɳѬ£ҪЩµİãݲ֮һ
ָ˿ξһϷݣܼ̣ȫᣬʱǵʱ
⣬Ժ⣬ɫѡ¶֡
ֱ飿Ҷüѧ᣿
ûСҡҡͷֿϵľ籾Ϊ㲻ϲ¡
Ҷ΢㶣֮⣬չüͷָ¾籾ǲϲȻ˾ͲŪΪģҲ֧ҵķ˿ʧ
ԴӾ緽˿ڴ֮Աݼ·˻ڷＫά߲ݵİæڸ
ҪΪ˾ݵһͿķ˿ǻ֪Ҫʲô
֮⣬ҲԸŪԼӾǲӣȻǾȥ϶Ҳ̫⣬²·
Դˣͬĵ˵ͷûٶ˵ʲôʾԷԼŲɳϡ
ղݲʱҶҲˣעǼ˫ÿϣ²;۾Ķ̡
ǰ֪ݲǲҶһţˮһ壬Ҳǽ֪ȫô¶跱ĺܣﲻ²ۺȿڲ¶ࡣ
Ե£ɣͦúֱڵĲ㽫£УǲŰ࣬湫ӡ
Ҷ°ͿЩ棬Īǰʲôү򹤶
ɼסˣ
˼ԷѾͣ˶еεֱ壬æͷ
ԱŲһλãʾϵĲߣԡ
ҶҲûǰһŲŶԷղŵĶϴݣвֵþߡ
һѧ˳̶ǵֻǻ裬еëëŵģһƹ죬ӵȶûˡ
ЦЦְϣǴ˿յ磬ƤЩ΢ɶ˶ָ⡣
϶ҶԵתͷգգۣȷԼûмǴǸ
ԶߣջϥϣЦ̫󣬲߶ҪĻˡ
Ҷе㲻˼̧ӣȴǲϵģҵһŪȻˡ
ҲûӲ̽΢ı£ʶֱֵע̬
᲻صĴ£ҶҲûֻС˾鷳廹Ǻܳʵİ˵
ЩǺгЧģ˼ĶôζˣȻԱȻǲЩܹջ
ǿǺһӲˮ˺ü˲ҶԼǰʮȱĲȫڽ첹ˣöǲҶζġ
ۿˣ籾ϣ˵ҪгϢԸ緹ս
ҲûٱЦЦʲô¥ȥ
Ҷʱ籾ֱֻžĵˣֱӵɣһģҪԶٺõġ
ʱϵ̺ӻһڵϣ¶˰Ĵȣס̺Ӹǻȥˣ
ҶûŻشĻֻϵЩʲôĽ䶪ҪݵĿǹӣ˰·Ųó⡣
˵Żֳ̧˳ԼûգĵǻͦģԾе˶ָ⣬ס嶯ûʧתȥʰ輸ϵǽ塣
ҪܵҶһʰʵƲסĺ棬ʵ壬ǲǸ
֮ǰ̽㵹ǸԷĻϣʱﲻҸ˶ʮСʱţҲûж࿴
̧ͷ¶ɻı飬
ҶһôҲ˼İ贴˲ƸǮ̳ЩǮǸ
Ȼϴµļҵ˵ӦòֹǶ壬ҡҡͷŴ£ϼũ塣
ôܡҶе㲻ţڲƭԼͶ㿴ͺܹ
ɵԾЩЦľȴҸĸСµ̴ҳȥұ˾ӡ
Ҷһ㶣֪Լ˼˰̣еεףСԲ𰡣Ҳ֪
ҡҡͷʾû£ⱾҲռȵ
ɫȷʵǲ⣬Ҷ˿ٶˣƢأҲײܴʹɴ໹ù籾


13 
ȣŵľͶ࣬ԤƵʱһ㣬ԳȡģҶǹǰֱ˷ſڡ
˵Ҫʣ׻˵Ծ˲٣ȴûƸ˶ԷԻϰԱ
ЦЦûҧгɨԼĵĿ⣬ϰġ⡱
ʵҶƽʱҲнֻǵ˶ʵһЩûм
ܡĽʺޡĿϴоԩҲһƵӣԷ㽡л񲻹մĹˡ
Ա˷ЩҶط˯һ˸̤Ьˡ
ʰϵķҲ˷䣬û˯ϴǰɴļҵ⣬ϵ¶ȸոպá
ָƽϵֽֽѹϱ߽ǣ̨ϼЩˮִīתȦĥ𽥻ī
˼ī㲻ϺãฮбƷԶҲ޴ޣеҲǺõġ
ִʽȾī֭ѩֽƣȣһһּ¼һϲʫ䡣
ͣʣϸ޴ĵͷ½Լ֣Ϊβ
īδɣﷴʪĹͷᴵ˴ֽŷŵһǣƽֽ
ڴ˼ͣľˣżЩãȻֲƮУЩֲ˭
һݲ裬һ֣ƽܶ࣬ʱȴЩǣһЩԼڵĺۼ
ߵߵ
¼֣ŵķű죬ȥʱ˯ſڣָͣŰϡ
û˯Щɻ΢˶üҡ
ҶЩ㱵ɫղͣſڣڹıӰʵĺһҪʧһɵţڶָоʧ
΢򴽣ֹУ̧̤䣬ߵȶˣ˯ţԴ籾ڸʲô
µʱѾͣǰɨƷЦôЩ˼Ұã
ԸЦЦû˵Ǹʱûдʱ֮겻ţȻֻЩʱ䡣
Ȼ²ҶȴдҳֽϸĿ֣ò˵ˣҲܿдĺãԾʤˮһе㶫ѽ
ûӦͣϣüɻдˣ
˳ſȥĿһ٣ɫԵЦûУҲҵ֡
Ҷһ㶣ȻбԷȡֵҲ֣˳أûɻ˳ԡ
һڴ˼䣬ͷһ㻽ˣ塣
ΪԼǲСµģȻҪű˵Ҫҵ׼Ĵۡ
ɵ»ʱȴǳԤڵģһԿƵ
Ҷûע⵽쳣֮󻹺ĵ˵ͷϲ֣㡣
ֹӲʣ˵ӦøֺƲŶԣ˵ľֹȴҪ̫࣬ѹͶԲϺš
ͷһϵЦ⣬ɫӵĿΪʲôô˵
š֪Ҷ΢üҡҡͷǸоɣԣַҲžòΥͣܺʡ
˵תͷԷЩ죬Ҳ㲻Ϻÿе㵣Լǲ˵ˣԥŲȣǸҲ˵岻á
Ҳϲ֡Բ˵꣬¶Цݣлл㡣
ûҶ˿ȴֲĺһ°͵лҾƷζȽϺá
Աʾͬĵͷ˶٣Щ˽ģǲϲԺҡ
һܹҵĺۼ㲻ʧ
ҶûעֽŷŻصϣĵͷá
Ҳûپʹ˵ʲôЩ淭ŪֽīüҪԣ
ңҶį̄ϣæڰ֣ô޵ҿ˷ֽīˡ
֮ΨֲȴǽеëʵݳݵĽɫҹܲд֣
дֵľͷרŵ棬Ҷ߶˾䣬ԥ£ǳŰѱʽӹҲãʡĵʱдһۣ趼˻д֡
šüŤűʸӣЦЦȡ֧ɾĸʾơ
Ҷ˼ҵٿԼģеΣ֣ͬΪʲô˼ҵԼɭҶ
ԷָŲŲȥҲŲȷλãĿʼЩ꣬Ц˵һۺеıʣֹ̽ȥ϶ԷİλãĪ
ָһİҶ΢㶣ڵָ⣬ֱս˲ѹеĹУԷ
ȴֿʼɡ˵ŻѾִ˱պīˮʣд˶Էֽϡ
Ҷƽʱдֻԣûʲô壬⣬ҲӲдʲôѵ顣
ſſëʣֺĪĲʹˣдŤŤģ㶼ҪʶԼˡ
Ǹĵĺʦ״ƵҲ̧࣬סݵ󣬡ЩҪѹȥ
վҶ󷽣һòľ룬ûаֻһӴգ׿ǵ㲻ڣŶԷʣּȷʵȸղŹ
е˷ܣŤͷĳ°ͣҴɣһͨ
ǵľе˵ʱܸоȵϢƯռߣ㶣ɫ˿Цŵͷ
ûвָеͷд֣ӭĲ£΢ķҸ봹ĳȾ˽ɫգʱ·ĺ
ԴЩҪȥһǲԼָҲ¹㡣
ֱ󣬴µ˰׾Ķ΢ҡͷЦƿĿ⣬µ̲סȷϡ
Ҷʱǲһ˾ͻִ֣Ҫȥ˲ſգдҲ
һһ飬µϰдҳֱֽˡƲͣ£ĵͷ
ŤͷһռˣԷͷд棬תת۾ֽ˸λ±ʡ
ͣʱԱߵҲ̧ͷЦñʸ˵˵ֽϵļ֡
ɡ
˳ŴȥֻֽġҶĩβλȴ˸ԡּԲЩܿд˺ġ
΢㶣ַ˴ֱǰӻ̧֣ɻ۾һЦдĺܺá
Ҷ⣬±̧˸ּƻ͵Ϊֹ»ȥ籾ɣ̯š
ֵʱƺֽ߰ҳ룬϶Էļ򣬵̧ͷüҵһʦҸ㸣
ɻգۣȴѾתˣֳ̧һӡ
ҡ


14 
Ҷ˵ĸһ˽˵ݳᣬż̨ߵĵϣⲦҵ
ٱͣ϶͸ĹһȦ͵ĹΣŲë׵ĵ̺ϣ˫Ȱ𪡣
ûסǴϹɳ˴ɳϵ̺ӹ˸ϡ
Ҷ̧Ƴһۣ²˾䰮ˣͷȥȥŪˡ
ȿȣûӣɤְ¶һְҵԵЦݣװĸıϣһ޽еĸȻ뱣ǣ֤˵ȫ
̬ЦԷĵһۣϵΣ
ҶңصĵһǶԷϤģʢĵķ硷
˻Ͳ䴫峺Բ󣬰żĽֱ֮ǰϢҵ峪ḻԾܶΣɾúʡ
ҶԾҡ壬ŵҲ΢΢ζ϶ĹҲһ͸ķһһ
̧һֳֻ°ϣ۴Ц⿴ϰ߻ĶԷż̧ӣЦŰڰͷ
ʱʱ·̵״̬һģŹģҲֵġ
ĺϲ衣
ͣµʱָ̧˹ƣ֮ǰѧģ͵˼
ҶֵĶһͷ˵ллָŲңԼЧ
ֳ˺ܶףڸԴ洢ĸ赥ǻ۵ģżױȽɡ
;ͣʱ˺ĸһˮָⴥȥ¶ȣҶЩ˦˦ͷʾԼ΢΢մʪͷҲӵбˮ𣿡
Ȼſյ¶ȱڱȽʵ26ȣ˰ĸЩȣϻ̺ӡ
ҽ˵θòܺȱġ֮ǰסԺҽע̳ȳ˷ݸԣϾסһƽʱܿסˡ
岻õʹ࣬ϸҽǸĲˣϣԷҲǡ
ҿ㲻ҵڸġҶĥĥԼһˮ޵Ұְ֣
Ա˵һ㶣εҡͷЦЦŶԷĹĵĺ˰뱭ˮֱ׳ָʾŵһߡ
ȻǸ軹ҪģҶ˲ͻȻüЩԥ
Բԣûп˵һûһµĵĲҷ
ûܾãָܿкɣǺİǷݸ赥ûгֹġ
ǳĺ߳ûиʣ಻죬һƪµĳʼ£Χ˵ߣһ¾ͱȥ
ǻģҲˣ·ֻһԹߣվԼĻ棬ʱԶʱǰ
Եľž˱ŹӰЩģƮĺ߳һһ˲Զ˳
ڴʱȻֹ˯͵رѵˣһֻ˼¾ͱضϣɳ岻ֱЩôˣ
ҶסֹסŴҡҡͷһŵֻһװƷһûдꡣ
ȷе˵ƿ֪ȥָоǺʹģֺް취
ѾһʱûȥײȱˣᵯԷҲһʱڽȴֻȻʧ
񲻸ߣԺûѯԭֻҺϲӡ
ҶƤֻڰοԼżһŵֻѾӻ˻Σ˵˵ϲĶ
ûڿΪԼ룬õ˵ֻǶһƪ£˵ıϲȴ޷룬Ҫ£ȴ᲻ãԽԽֻǺܿϧƪ»ûн֡
ĻҶ㶣е㲻ڵֱ壬૵㻹
ȷʵԴھᣬԼĸܣһЩԼûȤĹϲų̳ææµµģԼˡ
ʱ᲻óĻЩˣҲ޽⣬ʼûҵ𰸣׸дȥ
Ϊڷ㣿ı飬еΣĺϲ־ͺˡ
Ҷ¶Ц¼һ࣬ΪĶڶķȴ˵㣬УҪдˣȸ˵ҲǸϰ塣
㲻ϴڣ׬˴Ǯ˾ʲһϲҲͦõģиڡ
ԲΪʲôЩ֣Ҳȥ̽ŶԷתΪɫůѯӶҪҪ׼͡
Ҷһü˼
ĹæµҲвÿתʱԣżһҲǵûԷ¹
ţ򵥵һǻġ֮ǰ׶һ£ķأԲãѧĵѧһѧѲʮָմˮĴүˣϾˡ
ȻָŪȫϯҲǲܣҲµ棬żҲƸӦñȸǰĴǿһ㡣
Լ뷨ǺõġҶοĵͷ̯ɸΪ֮㿴ܴҼҳҳһ𣿡
һ㶣û뵽һ㣬òûзֻðϵƷ룬ԷϢʱ٣ƽʱǻ˯ֲΪҲʳЩʳֻ˷ѡ
͵飬ҶʾбõڵЦ˼ƿ̺һ֣ߣϰȥɹ
ߵȻǲ˵߾ߵģȻȫż񣬵ôǸˣαװǱҪñϳ鷳
˼ĳT˶㣬ԴϿ˶Ѽññѹĺܵͣûװ硣
СиͦĳУȥĶǸľ̫ϷſעĿ
Զڳûʲôڼһ죬ɢҲǺõģǴŶԽ
ûаôŨңȶȴһṳ̂¥ͱҪҶĽŲʱˡ
׻˵úãˣﻹĵҲ·һΣ˳пյ
ͷţżСţԱֱͦγԱȡ
ȵٴα֣ҶѹѹñܣŶǰ棬ںԹŹﳵ
ʳʱ۲£һջû򣬲̰ͼһʱ֣ȵʵʱǲʹࡣ
ں濴ĺЦԵĲˣҪԼĲҲãЩҲ
ЩԵˮŽﳵƷǱе࣬ҶȥָʹԼıڹȥЩģԼҸٵĵطȡ
İڳӵƸϣżԱߵƷһۣûüŻȥͻȻ˭ײȣûȣƿװĽڵѿܴһ죬ĻкӵĿ
ܱߵ߱Ҷʶñѹ͵סԼ
ô¶·м䲻
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СײҶ﷭˸ۣǺӿ޵ᣬֶ࣬һ²һ£ûпǻ⡣
ɶԷȻûôˣһԣվļ򣬡˵أô˲֪˵ǸӶſˡ
Ҷһܿڶ֣³һԼͣҪûʵ˼ƽϡ
ǲ˵ӻԼȿޣŮ˸ˣһ̧־Ҫȥקñӣزʲô˵ģ
ȥֱ˵סθߴ˸м䣬Цⴹлú˵֡
ϵѹƣҲ̫ǿЦŮȴԾһڶӵͷϣӲô۸һŮ𣿡
ˣֻ󺰴Уӻ¡Բ˻תͷԴɨĹԱ˵ˤĽϣ鷳ˡ
˧ֺ̬ãԷȻЦŰ˵ûУղſˣײȣԲûȣСĵġ
Ů⻰˹Աһۣ߶Сжô˿ţˣûиղֱ׳
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㡭Ů뷢Ц۾ȴһð˵һ仰һźˡ
һֱĿԶͣڲԶλÿֵҲɢˣתԱԼںˣûˡ
һֱڻܸ֮Ҷɿѹñ֣ܵƳ۴ЦˣֲҵĴҪǸСֲµɡ
ţ㲻ţþУͬĵͷĲ˷ŽﳵϾҲСѡ
Ҷһ㶣ʱѾųߺԶˣһŭС׷ȥ˵˭Сѣҿϰ壬˾
лҪ˵
һ㣡ȻʮˣʵС꣡Сѣ


15 
ѵóȥһˣֻ㶫һ˭֪Ӱ˵ˮ߲һѣ׶֡
Źŵʰţֻ˵ȻҪõģʱ䲻ˣɫԼŵƮĳ㡣
Ҷ·ϴ˰Ѿˣվϴǰϴ߲ˣĹȥһۣüҲԺܲ
ͷһۣЦЦ϶ûͣ˵ԼСѣôʳأ
ҲʳҾǲԡҶŤͷӳȥ
תͷӰʧڳſڣЦҡҡͷˮͷȥһߵ̨вˡ
õĲеĺܲ˿ĿխȴܾȣƷһϸ£к˷
ɳϿ籾ҶųﲻвƲƲǣ̵ͷӡ
һߵֻתͷһʾ¾籾ù˽̽㡣
ŮӦæڳԷո˸绰ѯôûʲô
ҶϹģǵСθµסԺ͹ˣʲô£ԼúóԷɱ롣
ԷЦСûģָ˵⼸ͺúϢѾ籾ϤϤĻپĶױգ¸½飬Ҳûˡ
һһӦˣûгʶ۳ûûá
̳ϡġϡһ˵쾹ȻûенȻֵϵµóøӹʡ
ԼҶһߣʲôôͲ
绰Ǳ߹һЦŮ˵ɵ˰ڣֵθʮָմˮĴү
Ҷ컹Ҫ˵ʲôǱȴһ䡰˲ˡžһ˵绰Լŵ绰ĥ
Ķֻɳȥ˸պ֧˳˹ڻϣ͡
ǰһѽ˲˶ԷĲӣڵĵŹʲôˣ
ԺĪ˳˿벽⸱¶Цȷˣճ
ҶĿתϣ˻Ӳӣٿң
ըëԾúúã㳴㳴ҪΧȹϵϣ·Ī͡
ΨһΧȹϣǸոȥģܼ򵥵ǳɫӣ˵Żֵȥϵ
Ҷ̵ܲĶֱȥ˫۴˽ʵߣ֡
Ƥഥʱ˶һ㶣ʶһͷһ̧ͷǵľܽҶͷëԵ°ͣġ
һʱס˵λʲô˭Ҳûֻг̻ϸ΢ĺ
ȵ͹ըһ£תͷѾð˺Ụ̃һջǰ̽ʱš𿪹ء
ûüһֵ¶סͼľ̽ʧʱǵһӵ
¶İǰ°ԼƤĴУ˿ĸоһģҲůģǳԡ¶ζ
˵κܿҶסݽϢΪûȽܸо¶ȱԼҪߣȺġ
ʱֺ̣ܳܶع˿¶һԶ룬ͳðˡ
Ҷ۽޲˲ҲһǣеεĿûĻֻǵΧȹѽ
Ӧ⿪ĻۣȡΧȹݹȥϣ˳ְæѺӴϽᡣ
ֹ˲ڵķΧܿɢˣֱڲǰʱѾ㲻ʣֻԵĶ̺ĺܲ˿
ȭڴߣȥĻȣöԷըëɤͷһǲ´Ŭá
Ҷ̧۵ɹȥڷû֤ݡ
ĥĥԼ˸ｨӣһҲֻ಻ãζ˵
ûŽԾְϣЦҡҡͷˣ˶θã
Ҷ򴽣ص˳ӵİѲ˶ζԷӷŵһߣ͵˻۲˳ƹ
̾˿ļ˿ܸԼĶӹȥ¶ʺ
극һƬǽĳʱҲ磬Ķ籾Ŀ籾లµĥ˯ʱ䡣
ڲŵһ죬ҶԼݲ֣˷Թʮ˰գļ᲻ֿʲôس
ʵ֤Ѿûʲôسˣеʱ䶼籾ݲд֣Ҳջ
֮£˲ٵĽѧƵͻͽĲɫԽԽ࣬ɹ¼ȡ
ֵǶݵģڽܱȹʱ죬ϢĺǶѻɽĹ
ϰһճ̾ͱͨͣ˺üط־㣬Ʒæͷת
ĵǺüûӪҵķ˿Ҷڵ壬ڿ¶㳹׷ģ໵Ķ·͸ͼա
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ص㣬һ˸պøŮϣԷǸҶͬ˾ˣ¶¶һ꣬˾ʱࡣ
һ˼˾ԱưԼ̳ԷͦǮģѡȦֻΪãҲں𲻻Ҳûʲô߰˲۵ʲôģܵ͵
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࣬Ա˴˵ӡ󶼻Է飬ҶҲûЦЦ¶¶㡣
¶¶ĳƺһ壬ǲˣ˵˱н㣬ʹһ꣬ҽˡ
ҶЦŸĿڣ¶¶Է⡣
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Ҷֻ̧أ΢°üôţҪ
¶¶ЦֱۣһţյǺǢһ·¥ŸԷֿȥ˻ױҡ
Ҫæͣ߻ţԸҲﲻæл˵ϼ仰
ôϰ𣿡ļ򣬿ǰյĻױţѹ˵˽Ƣ̫ãûΪɣ
ԸƳۣԷըëӣ۾䣬ûУͦõģҥԵ档
±ʾܺɣȻкʱͦģʱԶԶĿǰǷǮԥǰơ
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ǾͺáԷģҲǰԣЩ˵ҲȤֻǹֵûһõĹ
İ¸磬һжãӦݹԷΪ룬ܿǹһˣԶ顣
ǳˣСҲûٶѯʣת˻˵ģ֪͹ȥһСʱ
ҶĻױ֣˵ԷϾͺãڻ·׼һ¾ҪȥӰˡ
ŮױͱȽ鷳¶¶ƻҪһԸкһ߿ڻױš
źܿ汻˴򿪣˸ϣ˶£Ϊ⣬Ϊޡ


16 
Ҷһѩ֯ߣָ󣬺ɫ˸ʷױ浭ֻüЩɫһ˫۾͸˲֪µĸСӡ
ԼЩ㱣һ˲ֻص˴ǰûûռ˵壬ǸϤ֮żڽֽǡ
磬Ҳ̫ÿ˰ɣ
Ůӿ޵߷ĽֵһȥãȻ࣬۵Ŀܱ꣬ǼԼĻ
𣿡ҶǺϰߵĲ˲ǰĳһӣֻòڣܾùֵֹġ
ȻԼţװǵһδ鷳ֲ˱ڷĲ
ܺÿЦųޣԷһ㶣ְæ˳ҵӣʺ㡣
ʺϵ̲סٴи̾ԼһǼϲ˫׵ҪƼż
ƶһ˲ãȻ֪ǲǴܾüڽ֮ķΧ͹ֵֹġ
绹зԣʹԷֻ˵ϲҲûͣദ֮ҲĬˣоЩų⣬ĿȻסһչ٣Ľ
˵ζԽһվĿ̾ٴΪ粻ܳеϧ
СԲЩʲôǲ֪ģҶ죬˦ԱȥӰ
ڵԵʣŮ춼ûⰲʱ㣬Ǽλǣȥʱģ˸۵ĵطš
յԱе죬Ӧݹپ磬Ҷ̫עһв֣ӦǾ忡࿴
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ͷʪˣͷۡ˵ŻѹαϵķɹϣЩ
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ѵҪס˾Ҫסθţ䣡ţΪʲôǷ㲻Ƿ壿ˣоͶˡ
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Լչ˲ãɢҪ˸ź˶УҪʲôӻ־
ҪѡԸ¶ҪΪֱ׳ıָʹһǣܳţܱˡ
Ҫðҿˡ
תͷ꿿ųſϴŸϴˬT̿㣬¶첲ȡ
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ܿ죬ȥϷ˵꿴תߣֽһ䣬Ǻ̺ӣֱӴյ硣
֪ˣҶͷҲûصӦСС˾䣬ͷӣء
ЦҡͷϴƹϣСӣȵʱͲô˵ˣ֪ಡ齵Ŀ


17 
½˾£¶Ҳû񽭽˵Ľ¶٣ֻ̫ûôˣɹƤ
ҶҲҪʽ飬ûʲôĻҪһ£Ѿǰʰˣȵĺô·ᱡ
βܶˣֻԸһȥʱ̳ȵ֣ϵ¶࣬æĲɿ
̳ȶԴûʲô飬Ƭң̫Χ߹۸в̫ãҲʲôƣ͵ãиչͿˣǺܷĵġ
æǸһȥˣƬʲôĵôкһЩƵԱʶһãԺ·û
סĵطǾͳһŵľƵ꣬ȻԱԸסҲԼҵطȾͿˡ
緽϶ǲŵģԼȥ䣬̳ȥЭ黻һýģб棬ʲôҺܷ㡣
ʰ¶ȥֳҶûϷݣҪμӿʽڼϵ˱Ů
һϷǵģѾˣŮվһȻǺۣͦǶԡ
ⲿǴϷŮϷݲأλҲܻǣ˿ܴ࣬ӣݼεģȥС
ͽһˣȻʮ꣬˲ƷҲ˼ݼҲֿȵԱ
ⲿҪĿͷˣ绹ûģѾcpƵˣܶ˿źྡ
ҲףڵӵӰгֹеĻ඼ʶ죬ȿʽʱվһġ
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˶٣ǾݵĽɫСԵܣǰϷͦģзˡ
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18 
ҶڶһһϷֻĿը˯ʵ𴲣ʱײϵˡ
ַס΢˻ε壬Цҵͷëķ˿ѹȥû˯
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Գ˳󣬴ԼᣬʵĻҡ
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ŮƺΪǵĶ߿ۣ۾飬ͣͲתͷ
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19 
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20 
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ֱҶȥʮΣʱˮֽŷϵڻûһʱβûס߽ʯͷֱӵȥǺ˿ˮ
ԱһڰߵľԱȥ˴ϵʱ˿ȸͣ
Ҷû䵽ĸо˲סķΰ˸Ѫͷ
ͬʱ̾˿ǲǰ²ȵıӦ졣
һԡϣ˱Ȧ¶ȵĻ˻ԲȵϢ̧ͷԼұЩĪһ˵İȫС
еŭССί棬̧ԡϿ˿ҪＳȡ¶ȡ
괹۽ޱˮʪһһƵģ΢΢źܿǱճྱߣŵļûˣĿ
Ժ˵Ȳˣ֮ǰôˮڷܻ֮ҪظһΡ
ֻѻ𣬵ǱҲʼͷˣžİľ籾һˤΰвУôôδǱǶܲˣ
ΰæϹǸһΣ֤ص״̬ҲֵͼĴˡ
¶εĸҶǸѯû£۵ȴ¶źϧϷֻܵΪֹˣѵգòʧ
ǿѹеĻ˵һΣҪǻòԼȥѡ
Ա򵥻ֳָ׼¿ģҶ̾˿ԼıڣȹȥɣӦûˡ
ԷΪԼǰ;ȥһˮ
ԾЩģҲȥȣֻýӹ˵ԡ˻㷶Χ⡣
ԱָվλΰںöЦǲ˼㻹Ҫһˮ
ҶһЦݣûϵݴҸģϷˮƽͲĴ֪ѾŬˣ𡣡
ΰϵЦһգĥĥȵֽһƣε鶯ǳλʮķߺޡ
һϷôԱ˿ݵɫڵף±꼰
ҶֱϷˣΰҪļдͷߵʱҲûԷкЦһû˵ʲô
µԡӭǰ˹סֱӰȥױȰϵ·Ҫ
ױʦѾͷףⶫʱѣȥʱܿ죬ֻǽʪ͸ˣЩͷסһʱ䲻ò
˹ԡϷ˵һ˳ȥƬһҿӦţ
ѾŵˣԷûԣͣ˳˸λȥ
ŶҴҵ߽ƬҪױȴսΰϣԷߵ֪ȥֻһˡ
壬û°ɣң״̬һֱá
Աûкƹ߿û뵽Էǰ
Ȼ֮ǰҲһЩСִСС֣ɽù֣ȷʵ˵Ĺ۸в̫ãȵȵģӦһ߿
ΰȴƫƫһְ̬ĹУûˮôòɣ
ԲҪͣסſŶԷһԲȻû⡣
һΰҲϵ飬¶Цȥϰ壬ξǸһСѵԣԺҪ˵Ķ
Եϣ¶º͵Ц⣬סԼĻСоƷУѹֵѡҵϰ塣
ΰɫȥһָǰһССıڶʲôҶ޳ܡ
ָֽ̧˳˵Ǵ·Ǿ緽£пոЩСĥĥݼ»ʧ󡣡
ߣȻʲô˾ʲôĹΰŭЦֻ̧ǰҶƾĲһƯҼǵǰʱ仹㵼ݸͶʷȾƳԷţݼٲãҲǱ򡭡
û˵꣬ԿһȣɫЩԡ
ΰ֪ΪʲôЩ𣬷·ǾþλӵһƳʶһӦöһѻӳȥĶƨǸڣʲô
ţһأɫҺ廹ðԲٿЪ˹ˣȥʰ˶һݻ
ֻûϣһֻȲлõαãԷӲֽҲһŲȱ⡣
ҶҲ
԰ţͷûп۽ǷЩ΢ĺɫŭı֣һӲŭˣฮ¶֪үƢãº͡
Ψһһηŭ½С澲Сģµһֻˤˣź˵һοƢԺӺû˸ǰա
ΰʲô


21 
ԶԶһŭȽŭ˻ȥ̧ͷԶǰһѽƿ
ΰû׼ֱӵڵϣŵصƱһջĵɹȥҶ㷢ʲô裡
һأҶ·ѾõģԡղŹʱ˦ڵϣϴĻǶ䣬ͷġ
һʪ·ڻױ˺һҲûڻȥϢûӦе㲻ͷĳ㿴˭֪һĻ
ǼҸͦεıڶʹͷֺҲ֪ѵЩʲôԶû塣
ΰ㿴Ҳˬͺˣ˵鷳˵ŤͷվˣҲǣ۸ôһԵģ
˵ģֻûԴǹ˹ЩһӾɢˣü˳۵˽ѵ
ԼԼȥٽܸ˿֣Ҷֻ˵һû˵תֵڵϵˣΰ֮ǰǲǸˣ浱Һ۸ǲǣ
һͷΰҲһӻڵĺܣӵҪǰȥۡ
Կľٶְ굲ԼԼǰֵ˵ǰĿ˺󡣡
ΰһ㣬Ͼѹʶͣ½ţƺܱ򴽣ûʲôֻߵĲ˲ãҶõĺܡ
˵껰ĿһֱۣתˣӰܿʧԶĻױ
´񾭲ͶԶһ㣬ҶˣΪ˴ֻһ̣ߵ˲УҪֱ϶򲻹㡣
ͨ죬ԾúЦȴһ˿˿ů𣬱άĸоܺá
ҶԼԿǶΣȺģСһ죬ȴ̲ס˸
ڲ˲ԾֱգͷϵЦڷա
ͷԿʼòҶɵĿӦеٶۣһʱ˵ʲô
Բٵ飬קס˵ֱۻػױȥöС̺ӷϡ
ҶؾƵ꣬Թҩڴ˯˹ȥʵʵĸϣһ϶¶ͷ˸
ҩԸոÿ¶¶ķŽģûҩ꣬ǵֻ˼θҩŮΪϷıȽȫ
վڴǰ˱۵յͨ죬¶¶СҽһôͳˣȷȥҽԺ𣿡
Ըȥһߣ·϶Է˵ģֵĸϴһɣҹ¶ȲˣҾʹȥҽԺ
ոջʱһ£Ѿյ38ȶˣŻ˯մͷͻ˯˹ȥҩʱҲǰΰѣǿǹȥ
ΰ̫ˡ¶¶üͷӣ·߶Զ
ҡҡͷ̸Ǹˣ̧ͷСȻȥɣţʲôġ
¶¶ûоܾһŮԱ˷̫òãﲻæǳ鷳ǰ˵Ҫʱæ
Ů˳ţԻصߣ̽գȺģָմЩˮȥϴּšë˲һ
ëƤϣ֪ǲҶһü߶˾ʲô
̧ۣûҪѵ˼ϵĺһֻȴ
ְ֡Ҳ롭
Է㶣ͷЦӻɰְˣ˼֪᲻Ρ
ְ˵ֱϣرϸϸĽ϶Ҵʵָ˳Ⱥգ˯ɣ롣
Ļ˰ģҶüͷչڱ˯ȥǳ
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ϵ˯죬αϣ̧ѹѹüģһͨæ֮ƣ
Է֮ǰСһǰ棬ֹ˹˹ˮôεʱôװͰ͵ˡ
̧˳˯һӿڴͳֻս˶׼ݡ
ꡱŵһ٣ֻȻ˯˿ֻĻ϶ĻЩãȻգۣԼڸʲô
ô˼ţȴûԥĵ˱棬еǰһţҶǰwbĺա
һϸ΢ķ紵عֻǰϴ˳ɴģ˴ҹ
վǶû뿪һƬʵ磬۵¶Ц⣬ϰûǰ㻺ѡ
Ҷȶ賿ʱʼȥˣϲٳܳ׷ġ
¶¶µҩ﷭һµϣ˵ͷ˯ţЦ⡣
۽ȴ˲һ뻺ѹеɣ߶ϣԡ
ɤΪպɳƣüջطϵ֣ôҪҪˮ
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ͷϵı±һСˮﴵ˺һŸݹȥȡ
Ҷӹӣ̽˿ڣ̲ŹһڣɤӶʱ˺ܶ࣬ôۡ
û˯ãСʱڻ㡣ԿˮŻش⣬ˮԼ˯
ҶȴǶ˶٣תͷϵˣָ˴걭ڣһֱչң
šԲĵͷ㷢Ҳģ￴š
Ҷ򴽣֪˵ЩʲôźãϴסԺ鷳һϣΪô
˯ͷ˼ҲǸűһ죬ûԣ˯ʱ仹ˡ
ҶƽʱָʹǺֱ׳ģɲӲԸʵ˵ʲôĻ
Ĭ˺ð죬ڵĺ˿ˮͷĵ˭չˣˣķȥ˯
ټһ㣬ĺĻԻϵһţֻЦôˡ
ЦҶתͷ˵һ˫۾ʢЦ⣬߳ŭ硱һѱӷŻشͷ񣬡ʲôЦģ
ѹȥĴǣĵȷʵʺϷⲿˡ
Ҷһ㶣Ӧ˼˲ҧץԱߵͷӹȥȥ˯ң
סһɱûе̽һֻ˵ͷ㶵ͷлûϵ
Ҷ뷴˵ԼûилҪ飬죬ȴʲô˵ͷԹԵߣ˻Դ뵱Ұְ֡
ļֻаְʱҹչԹԣ˯ʱͷ˵ûˡ
Цһͷţְּסˣ롣
ȻĸҶɴ۾˴۵С۵Ŀ˰죬߷ߵĶһ䡰ռұˡɻشñӰԼ
ŴϷŭĹİûѭԷĺվ˵˾ת뿪䣬ôлӦòٷˡ


22 
Ҷʱ˺ֻܶ࣬ǸչЩûڱ﷢˻ùֻһʱ䡣
һ룬䡱ĴӴȷԼûпȷǰ˵ӣƿ´Ь˲ôҪܽϴּ䣬տŽ˴˸档
ԼŶ̿˯£ҵͷվǶüͷûüſ˵ȱԷ˰ס
ҪٵˣôûңҶ˵ԷǺҹ˯ѽһҲˣŻŵľҪϴּ䣬ϴˣæ绰˵ϡ
ȥһקסĸ첲˻ص߰˰ȥˣ첻ȥæ
Ҷʶ˿֮һ㶣ݴӦˣ
ûǴĻϷݻͦģһ춼пܻᵢȡ
ţİɣ·ȥϴ͡Ա߻Ļ߽ĴӷڷСϡ
ˮôãҲǿŵģҲ֣绰ȥʱԷӦĺʹ죬ϷݶŲˡ
֮ͣ˻˯ǰ̨Ҫ˷ţû뵽ԷѾˡ
Ȼô˵ҶҲ㳹׷ˣǺĻ䳤㣬Ьȥˢ
ʱѾںͣƤСһˮ󵰣ŵʳζϿʼûʳĳθ
Ҳû߹ȥ£Ⱥȿůůθʲô̧ͷˣԹ𣿡
Եͷһһİ룬ڵԹˣ԰ɣȻˡ
Ҷɫô˯Ǵ绰͵ģ϶û˯ãȻûкȦ
ߣ̧ɻЦЦõļĲͺ﷽ãҲ
ĸʵ̫ǿˣСʱ˯߾ָܻǻǸưӣ͵ˡ
˭ˡҶССһ䣬ùõļһҧĵֻ㵹ûչҶѡ
ãģһԼ£úչϰ塣Դĵͷ
ôҶֲˣܾںʲôɴ಻˵ͷרĵĳԷȰѶ˵
극ѲͺжʰҶõĺϵĲѾɢȥ˴롣
˸²ӣŤͷҾⲻӦþȥˡ
Ϸݶǹ̶ô࣬ҲһҪಹһ죬Ҳζųһ뿪ء
԰ѲͺжװȿͷóȥͺãŨرҡͷϢһ죬ָ״̬źã㲻һֱǰɣ
ҶƲƲ죬ڶԷʾ¹ԹԻصã˯ֲ˯ֻ˰Ѿ籾ݸԼһ
˹ˣƢ󣬳̽ܲסΪʲôǹԹ˵Ļ̧Цӯӯ۾ϣߵķ̻ȥؾ籾ϣҲס
һڷ籾˾˯һ˯˾Ϳ籾ӶԾͳȥ򷹻˯
ҶſڴĿɢȻֻصݼһܣʱ϶ֳˣˣôô䣡
ᡱһӴԱߵľ籾ϣžһ졣
Сɳű¹ʫڿ̧ۣڴ̽ȥ籾ùֻʱ䣬ʲôȥ򡣡
ԾƵԱߵǼţۡҶʶĻشŷӦѾվæȵȵȵȣԲԣٳˣ׵ģϾÿ
ԴЦ⿴Լιһ㵫ɰƴֿȥ¶ϸ󣬵ᣬݵǹӣݵ񡣡
ԼǰɶԼҶһ죬֮Ӧأô۵𣡡
úúã㲻ǡըëԲٶˣϵֻҪԣȻûеֿѺá
Ҷ컹˵ڴͷϵֻʱ˵üȥһǳ̳ȵĵ绰Ƶĵ½ι̽㡭
Ҷô£
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˵Էֱӹ˵绰Ҷ˶٣ʱӿЩ̫õĸоšü㿪wbѰ
#ҶƬѹͬԱ#
#Ҷˣ#
#Ҷΰ#
#Ҷ޹ʿһȫ#
#Ҷɫ#

ǰĴ⿴Ҷ͡⡱һ£ѡ˵ߵĵȥ㻮£ʶʶӪŶתһƵ
ǵ㿪ΰִһĻñȽԶƵûһʼڵĳȥƵָ֮ŶԷ˵ʲôϵ˺òֱߵıˡ
Ƶ˻еģˣϴ룬ͿɺܸߴԵöΰԽ
ĲˣҶԼҪǸԴű۸ˣޱ·˷ۣȻһƬ
Բۣôû˹𣿣
ϴƣǴˣ˲å𣿣
ˣ⻹ɱδ𣿣
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˵˾ÿ𣬲úһ㶼ˣ˰ģڵôˣϲֲвŮġ
ǲʲôᣬҷܳʱ䣬ˡ
˿ȥɣϴˣƵ˻ʲôᣬ˻
˵ǸΪʲôȥϷ
˵ɫΰҪͻȻûǱҲţ֪
ΰҲ̫˰ɣɫҪ۸
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ĺöİǰʱ仹΢ظ˿˵ıںܺúģȷʵãܸһˣȻúÿ˲Ʒã̫ˣ

һֻסĻӲԻסҶ̧ͷվǰݺܳ
ˡԿڣԷڷֻʱҲ㿪˼ۣһЩѹʶİ񶾡
Ҷֲҡҡͷ΢ҳ˳ȥû£ҿĶˣֻǾеԲ˿Ǹһ
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һԲĿҶ˳ǣԣҲұˡ
ԲҡҡͷฮʱȻû˸ҵ˵ʲôҲһЩ硰ӡ֮ĻҲὫЩϡ
ѵ£Ҷ̳ȥ˸绰Էӵúܿ죬򵥽½һ飬Ǳ߳Ĭһ
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ŵƵ϶ͼǮ뱨Ҷ˳Լһȶȣǿ϶Ͳװ֡
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ȹ˵绰Ҷ̾˿Ѿΰж⣬ƫƫԼ
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ҶˮĶһͣתͷȭֱۣ˵ʲôأԵң鷳˳ɾǳģһϵûС
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Ҷһ㶣֮¶õЦݣѱˮһڹȥվһͷˣȥԣҪţ⣡


23 
ȱһϷݣҶϷŵĺ춢ýѾõ߰˰ˣ״̬
ڵͬĹԱ񶼰ƳȥµתεЦЦк
ԽҲ˺üֻۣվֻûзЩ̽ߡ
Ƭֻ࣬ΪҪֻǿһ۾תˣ˽̸Щʲôǲö֪
ױﻯױʦѾŻױþڵǺȻЦŴк
ͰϷʱ򣬶Էļ򣬵ҶʦϵҲ̫⣬ſ϶ġ
Ҷܾȵ̧ͷ֮ЦЦͷл
ױʦʱһֱױ˵ж˽⣬Ҳ֪һЩź񲻺ദʱÿζĲޣСĳͷҲ˵ʲô
ʱȵĺ˻Ǹָ˧ıˣҪȱˮܾƷƢĵһۣ˵ܵĶ࣬ϻǹԹԵˮȡ
èһըëڸצˣ̫˻Ե޹ѹͬʲôġ
Ǹΰױ죬ûôӴҲֻۣĻױʦ²۹䣬˵Ƣ̫ûޣÿλױָֻţ˵üëĲÿǷͲ˧
ÿᵽԷͻۣᷭ˵ֲֵǸҶһ˵۾ϾѾڱȻˣΪԼʲô˧Ƕû¶ࡣ
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ҹϷǱߵģڰʱ뿪Ƭˣ¶¶Ϸûһߡ
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صƵ껹˵㣬ǲȥܱתתԸ˳Ҳ͸͸顣
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ʲôƵһ죬ԶһŭҶ飬Ȧ
ǸתͷȥֻһԶıӰ
鷢̫ͻȻƵſڵıӦȥ׷ʱԷûӰˣֻ˻ȻסˣԷͬжϮ
ҶŽƵʱһۣһӳڵɢŶҪǱܲ㲻ҲǱ
˵ݣ˵ûɿֻǽиЩƳ˴ñſ־ֶֹ࿴ۣű걻˺
ͷһԲˣϵḧ˸սЩѯʣôˣǲǱŵˣ
Ҷ̧ۣҡҡͷûУֻû뵽ôҡ
۵áֻͣ϶ѣһʵĶ⣬֮ǰ˽²һԷȻ裬ȷʵϲ
ԴΪҪ
ְ̧Դϣķ˿Ĵ˻ֻ˳޴й㵱Ͳѡ
Ҷеˣ˳ͷߵļϡ
ССѹļͷ˿ɨ°ͣЩԴѹѹİȫС
صҶڴϲ붯ǵصûѹһμӵеͳ
վڴ߿һһʱԼһת˳˷ţ͵ɫ
صԼͳֻ㿪֮ǰ΢ϵƵһݣϷ˺ܶΣʱֹһ顣
ȥ߶Ļϵĳ˳⣬˳㿪ͨѶ¼˸绰ȥ
ݼٵӦøպòæͽܸ˵ôпոԼ绰ھ˳˳
Ը˼䣬ָ棬¸磬мæ


24 
ƽְȶȶά̫ãһʱѵͻɢ¼ʡӡټϺ˿ά֣ҡ
̳ΪƽϢæĽͷöÿθҶ绰ǴҴææļ͹ңʦ֪˶ٴΣѹסЩۡ
ⶼһЩΰķ˿Χ£ҪǸ˳飬ֵȶӰ졣
ͷ۵ĺܣֻΰȥЭԱɢȥϷĲˣͶʷǱҲȵһ춼Ǯ
ΪЩ£ڲһЩԱҶԽԽЩԲᵱɫ
Ա֮ϵû˵ʲôֻ˽֮Ľ̸˺ܶ࣬ϾǹҲ뱻Щ۲
ֻ¶¶ظߵĽĵ͸¶ȻϾͳһЩ̫õۣʲôһȣʲôȺ֣ĺܡ
Ϊ˲ֵ̬øأҶȰ˺ð𿿽ԼΪҲΪ˿룬ҪǸŵİ
ھ鳹ױεӰֻˣˣҲó˽ʣбߣҲû˵
ǰҲ绰ѯʣȻǷǳģȰסٹעЩϢǼٵĲš
չȥƬѱῼǻˣĿǰΪֹ̬ȲϾŮȶȴ󣬼㲥ʱһΪҶƣҲбϣҪҲвҷ֧֡
Ϊ͹ȣΰǱȴ⣬˶վ߰æַߡ˿˺ü
ͷÿװģĸǸҶһͺӵıܿΨ
ҶԴ֮ԱǣҪȥ۵˼ûУȫûˡ
Էܻûˣ컹ȫ˺̲裬ûһݣӹһۣǼϡ
һܴİۣ֪ƽʱô̭ˣЦûٶ
ȻͳһЩ˵֪ôĵǡܴɡĴĶ
Ҷʦ׼һ£ϸˡԱǰ¾仰ûشתˣҲӲ
üվ¶ЦĿ˸֮ڰ߿
ϷŮǸϰԵ˵ͷʾ⣬ԷЦЦ뿪
ڴֻһͳ·ϢһǸƵڶһ֣˵ˣƵǽȡҪ֡
ЦЦԷл˵ӾȥԺʱ˳Է
Ϲֵܵ¶ʲôﲻģʱ龭Ҳ˽£Щ粨ȻҲ֪ˣֱ˲Ƕ
˸Էĵ绰Ե㿪̳ȵ΢ţƵתȥֻ̧֮ۿֳ
չ˼ӣֻûʾֱӽȻϤŮ
壬ƵĶģ̳ȵܼЩ˯߲ɳƣ⼸æĸûй˯
ֵ¸æģã·ϲ⣬ЦЦ
ǰ˴æˣ˵ˣԴͣҲлл£¿Ǳ߻ô£ȷƵԴû⣬Ǳ߷Ĺ˵绰
Ҳֻɨֳһ࣬ΰ˴ӵŲ֪ʲôЦĺܲá
⼸һߵȫ˿Ҳ賤ھԵҪŮĺܡ
ǵЦ⽥ŨתĿ⣬Ҷˮ߿ˮˣܶԷϷǰһ
ϣһµƵϴȻ󲨣ƵݼҶ衱¼Ʒ
Ƶг¼ǣ˸Դ룬ΰҶ뿪ûнκμȫ龭
ͳһսߵֿʼִЩǱƭķŭЩǲԸԼΪŰӲһǮĺڣڲҶ
ںȻˣתƵ΢űը˼ȶȸߵļΰĺڴҲѹ
֮ǰһѵķŭѹȥƭԺ֮ǰȫ˳͵
Է˾˵ƵǼٵģ˺ϳɵģܿоͨҶ߷ɳ˶̰Ƶȷʵʵĵ
ѵķŭױˣǵ屻öѹˣǳΪΪŰİַ֣ߺ޿֪
ͬʱ緽Ů¶¶һwbͼҶͨڴϵƬ
¶¶V
Ҹ@Ҷǹϵѣ֮ǰæһ£ܵǣһֱֹңȻרҵԱݼҲ㣬ԼĹǷǳεģΪԱʧˮϷ˺öΣûԹԵļ֣鷳գƬûҩ꣬ıڲòϴҽҩЩû˵ȱϯһ첻޹ʿΪûˣƣϣǿ˽⣬Ҫ޹˼籩
[ͼƬ]
΢˲Сȶȣ˵ǽȶȣҲ˵ͬ˾϶Ϊ˵˶Ҷʾۡ
ȥҵ֤õȷеĻӦҶʱȷΪȱϯһ죬ȸ١
Ѱǳ¶¶wbûᵽֵʧԱΰƵ췢¡
ѶʱըˣΪԼĹ˼ҳʱˮˣºûǸ⻹˼ұ鷳ɺһϵе¼
Ҫ˵޹ģûŶӲ˭ţ֮ǰƵȡĶǶĲֱ֣Ťࡣ
¼һҶҲһwbûͼֻм򵥵һ仰ţ塱
˵ǹעܾõķ˿ǳԹ¼·Ѷʾۣ˿Ҳһ֮ǰġ
Ҳвټ˵Եݵĳװİܿͱںȥ
ΰŶӳ֮ǰwb֮⣬Ҳûжˣǳ¾װ
ΰ˵wbҲݣﶼз˿æûþûһƬ
ε۱֮ǰҪأǵأҶ衱˵Ȼߣ׸ûйϵģֻǰæѡ
ɽķתһЩӪźͺӣĵ·˱ǣУַνѹʱԼó˰ߣ֪ôܲŭŭضҪɱʼٸϵġ
֮ǰʱʱһǶ۵ΰװ缦ַʷ·ʯ󺣣wbʼһƬž
Ҷ̳ҪwbͶֻһ̱ڴϣʲô籩꣬ٿˡ
ԿһͿյӣ߹ȥվڴ߸ҪҪԸҹףһ£
۵Ҷ˸ɱҿ춥ͷȥϷն񡣡
Цһûᣬתڴ£໥ԣΰڣӦЦˡ
ҶתڴߵĿӰҵʱôûע⵽Ա߻ͣأǶǾˣ̽ⶼܲ鵽
ЦЦû˵ȷʵɺϣҲǿ˺ܶƵŷֵģǵʱִʱǰ
Ļ˸룬ȴûע⵽ôӵʱ䣬ƺųױ¶ˡ
һᰲװг¼Աǲöģ֮ǰסԺΪиĹʱ
¼ʱͨг¼Ǹܱ߼أȷλ֣ʱ׳ϻм¼Ķ
µô꣬϶ʶһЩˣԲæ屾Ҳѣֻǵá
ӳ̽Ҳ˯ȾˣҲٰ߶Ҷƽڴ˸ÿͨ绰ԷҪѵ̫嶯û㹫Ծ
ԲһֳڴϿЩҵĴ
֪ͺáҶһۣȴһǻܣŲñ۸ߵء

25 
鷢һϣչʲô̶Ҷûעڶ쵽ƬʱȴûпΰûǴĻǽ컹Ϸء
絽¶¶ֻܿİԣҪûʲôĻҪˣͶʷǱҪġ
Ҷܾȣ֮ǰҲֵĺأ緽ȻйǣҲûôѸ˵ͻ
Դ¶¶ƲƲ죬ܲм˵ܸȰôҲ죬ûиɫݼҲڣ۵ġ
һֱ²ԲЩͼűأˤøҡ
Ҷ۷򣬰ǶɴɵӣƵĺ϶wbһ붼ķ˿ҳ϶ҲߣȻûսġ
ʮ죬Ϸ㲻϶࣬ʱֹüΨһ鷳ľǺͬȽ϶Ů㣬澵ͷıӰԶ໹á
оǸйϷҶЩϷҲҪȷˣг̻ŵ
ˮǳϷҲҪ𣿡һֱ˵Կѯʣֽˣˮ϶֮ǰҪ
ҶⳡϷɲپһˮˣҲۣĻҪ㣬ʱҪӺ
ҾͲˣÿô˵¶¶ҡҡͷҪǼЧǾֻ㡣
Ҷ̾Ȼеñʧ˲ܸ˵̫硣
Ҳѹ̫磬ڶҵԱʱһʣõ˷񶨵Ĵ𰸣˵ֻҪԱдͿˣ֮ǰľͷһ¿ãЧҲ
Ҷ׷ģԱĶϷеĺ˳µǸЦиѣϲ
Ǹˣ֮ǰףǵһɫϾͻȻʱôҲе㿧λġ
ԱദĻĹԱ̬ҲתΪ֮ǰ´ΣѺˡ
һж˳ϵķ粨ҲΰʱȦƽϢԺ󻹻᲻ٸѾˡ
һĹصƵҶȥĻ֣ڴ϶ҹɫ޺緢
ԿŽŸҹϷŵڣֱûԣθʹܶԷ˵Ѿˣ˵
ŵ߷¶⸱Щ֣߽ô̫ˣ
ҶתͷһۣҡҡͷߵλʾֻǾʱһ־硣
԰۲ı񲢲ΪڵĽеˣ˶٣㲻𣿡
ЦҶٴҡͷû˵Ȼġ
Ϊο˵أûʳڣֱԷ˵ġ
Ҷ΢ϥ̧ס°ͣ¶ãȻ˺ܾãŵ۾ͻȻǳĽˮ׵İ˾ȥһͨƽ˾һ¾õģĵĵȴһǳҸΰںˮˣֻҽѣûУ׷ףǶԴ˶޷ûʲôһġ
Ծ˵꣬Ĭһҡҡͷ˵һɻתͷ
Ҷ㶣ܿ¶Цݣ˼룬ͻȻ飬ɫлл㣬̽㶼˵ˡ
Բ⣬ҡͷ鱾ҶӦ
ֱ壬Ҷһ°ͣ˵ҲǣҪû۸Ҳͷ
ֻĻŸ£ûסһЦǳ׷ʲôĿģԿЦݸŨҡ
˵ЩĵˣҶӶˣҪԷҶĶȥ߷װĴӡ
ڴûֱ۴ϥϿСıԹô࣬Ժʵģüۣĵ˻ϲ
ˣȻû˷ĵ£ʣµİҶúģΪϷNG⣬ڵĲˡ
ǣ
ŵݵΧĹԱƣиϵȽ׽Ĺϲɱ֣ڽˡ
ҶӹĻҵлһƬҵףбסա
֮ڳĸλԱһЩԱĴգƽʱٽŮҲ˵ࡣ
˰죬ڸҸ˱ҶŻСܵڳߣһµϷ֮ýˣ
ԿϱʢĻ仹ҪõЦݣ΢Цϲϰ˳ɱࡣ
ܽŻؼңҶܺã̧סһĵԣѵãԺʲῴҴҪҪӰ
һᣬԵ΢ͷԷչóֻһ˺üţ󻹽סԱһȫա
ûֻĻϵĻ棬˲վͬ湫ӵʻ΢ͷЦݺܲãվߣ͡
ͬʱһƬ΢΢һЦֻǸ㷴ݡ
Ǳ绰ѾǶ˻Ʊϰ˵ӣ㹻һʰ
صƵ˸裬Ҷ˶ˬԡʱѾڰˣԼʰ𣿡
ţûѾպˡû̧ͷ·һŽ
Ҷ·࣬Ӱ˵ıȽ飬ϾҲһ¡
˦˦İɵͷ߹ȥڳƷһЩòϵֱӶˡ
Ͼĳȥڸչ㣬ʰԸͳˡ˵ʱ򰴿ֻʱ䣬תͷѯʵʱ俴
ҶûʲôطѾĺܹˣĴ󴲣Ҳþûˣʱ鷳û
׵Ǽ򵥳Ͼ鰲ŵĳȥϷɻʱҶҪ뿪ʵУ˸ϲ
ԿһۣսҪС̺ӣĴϣԷû˯ţһ£ۡ
Ӱӳǵsкܿ죬ֻҪһСʱΪϷƣۣҶȻҲԺ˯һ
˽ѵʱеãȻĿеͷͷ·ɻˣҪҪˮ
Ҷ˸Ƿҡͷ̧ܾеɬ۾̺Աߵˡ
Ե뻹ս㣬ǰͷıȰҪõñӿַ
˷ɻӻڣȻвٷ˿Ƕڵģͼܶ˹ע
Ҷü˸ѹֵĶʾⱣְ˵ܶ÷˿ҪӻӰ򣬵ôһЩһۡ
Һûһ̧־ͲټУ֣ԻǺ˷ܡ
ڷ˿֣˳ű߱ȥ˿ʶԹÿ
ˣЦЦִ˸ӣҲˡ
ЦŵͷûоܾİæһӸ󣬿ճһַֻ»ˡ
˽ӻ֮˿Χ£ЩƬרҶǩҲЩҪš
ѹѹñܸ˵лǩ˼дţȴûãԺҪһǮԼóԵġ
˿ĸ˵Щ⼤Ǻ濿˵ģǰ˾ͻ᲻С
һЩСҲˣְֻסԼﻤ˻ײ
ߵŮЦĺ˷ܣֻ˼Ƭڸ˧ллչ
㶣Ҳ֪˵ʲôãֻЦŵ˵ͷ
ҶתͷһۣñµüëǱڸԡ
ǸŮû뵽ᱻ˷ܵˣúúãסˡ
Ҳмķ˿˵ʱ䳤ıȽϴ󵨣Ц˵ǲǿ䱣˧Դˡ
ҶһۣЦŵ˧ʲôãԸȤˣͷӣȦ롣
СǷЦԺεҡҡͷҲûпڷ


26 
˳˻ǵĳҶָķ˿ǸϿؼң·עⰲȫ
ȳȥһժñӸ֣˼ѹͷ
磬ϷôȤ𣿡ղŷ˿̫˲ģŴǰ̽ͷ
ҶؿαϣƲƲǵһɣſ۴䣬Ҫͷף̫鷳ˡ
Ǻÿѽ紩װ˧ˡǵ֮ǰױļأеϧûֳϷڴ
ԷҶѾߣڰˣʵʲôг̣
ûг̡λָ죬͵֪һϷˣ̽㰲һݼ٣úϢɣ쿪ʼͨ档
Ҷ˵ͷûжʣϢһ֣Ӧûǵ֮ǰ¼Ӱ죬Ըʱһ¡
ӻصѾʮһˣһûסе壬ж뱣ɨǽ䵹Ǻܸɾ
ϤİҶſɳϲ˲䣬Լ
סҲãҲǼҲǣƵ겼õʣҲû̹
Խʱȿ±Ǳߴ򿪱䣬ʳǰˣֻױĶɨۣĵ컹Ҫˡ
Ҷͷɻü𣿡
ӱóһţ̣תͷλΣȱţ̣ʱ䲻ˣ˯
Ҷſ֮ǰڼҶԷÿţ̣Ϸһ²ȣֲģȵܻǣȣܾûȹˣû뵽һ͸ˣ˰ɣֲôʧߡ
ûϱţ̽ߵá
Ҷĵȥ϶Ҫ24ˣ᳤ֲӣﻹҪû̵Сһ
ţ̺еרŵСУ΢¯Žȥʱ̯ɳϵ˵Ҫϴ𣿡
ͷҡҡûҪ˼ȻǷ
ЦЦܿ𡰶һۻȥ΢¯ŨζƮ
ҶᵽʱСѾ˲輸ϣڵɳ£̧°ͳʾ
¶ȸպãȵ㡣
鲻Ը빾ཹཱུĺ˸ɾԼɢ㣬ԹԺ趼Һţ̡
ԽӹһЦҲ衣
Ҷ޷ֱ˽˳ߵıùֻˢ
ϴûлط˯߹ȥڲˣ
ֻҶǿʲô̧ͷʱ۾ģԣȥֳɣ

жЧһܸߣڶһ磬˾ѾվֳſŶӵ볡ˡ
תͷɨΧǴӵļҳ߽СŮ̾˿Էʱʲôطڿ֮ء
ƱҶֻ϶ģɲɽĩ˺ܶ࣬˻ɫԲºɫţп㣬һ˫ɫЬȻ˿ñӣ˶࣬Ҳвٴñӻֵģ㲻ۡ
ߵˣͨͨĺڵװ˶װȴΪȺеעĿľʡ
ѾԱŶӵļСŮƳüˣ̾и̫˧ıں鷳
鿴źܳнٶȺܿ죬һжǰƱģ򵥼Ϳˣʱ䡣
ҶѾܾû԰ˣһλҪ׷ݵСѧʱ򣬸ְһġ
΢˼䵱ˣСӵطٺûǩԼԺûʱ䣬Ҳ㡣
ֵطҲûҸ̳˵Ȼ϶һ߶ʲôﲻҪͷ¶棬˿ô죬䶼Ҫˣֲɻµģ㱻ĵ˵һͯġ
԰ĴţҶſ˿ԶԶĻмͷһ԰ʱõĵͼһС͹ɽﲻԶ
קסߵ˾˷ȥߵ֮ǰɽ𣿡
ɽʲôԵϸֳһ˲ãȻҡҡͷŶԷǰС
վĹǰ棬ſƶ壬Լʹ˶ĤļԽһΣ˺˵ĳ嶯
˷״̬Ҷûз쳣һ˵ʧ̬˸߲ҵקŶȥˡ
˴ʮӣ˳ʵĺ˷ʱԲֱͦЩ΢΢
ǺһС£Ůе㺦£ڵο˵ǶٷɢЩע
ûɿӾͻƶǰȥɵսˣϳҵЦҲûˣĺܽ
ҶѾ˲ܿĵֱۣȥȥˣ
ǿӦһۿųһ϶壬ʻʵĻȣ»ȥΧ˷ĶǼ
ʧصķ紵Ҫ۾ٶӦûôˣ˷ܵһ˵ĳС
СԴûָоɣЩЩΪʲôҪУһ˲ͷųеѹ
ԣ𣿣
ߴЩƵźתͷΪ˷ֹ;䣬ʱñժˣֻ˿֣ľ߰㣬۾ȴģɴЦĻȡ
Եϸ¶ЦݣԷ˵ͷתͷ߾˫֣˷ܵĸű˺
һ㲻Ŀͷ֮ͲˣҶӰеĴ̼Ŀʲôڴ¥˸顣
Ӻʱͷģֲ˲ñӿϣ°ʹƽ˷ܵĺ
һֲſ㶵վԱߣһֻҲһЩҵͷôã޼ģͷڹ̶ĳȣʡ
һ£ıȡˮ˵ݹȥôãɤӦûۣҪ裬ɲˡ
ҶԼҲע⣬ӹӼһ룬ɤӲŵݻȥ̧ʱʲôָָԣԱܡ
ƽʱǲôģֳѵеͯģСʱҪľǱܡ
˳ָķ򿴹ȥʮĵطǸܵ꣬вŶӣ⿴ջߵ̫ˡ
Ҷ˲֮һͦҲܣҪԡ
θ۵ġԺΡ
Ҿͳһ۵ģرԡӲĲ̫УҶקӡ
Դϸ׵ָЭ̾˿һ
û䣬ԱߴЦתͷȥǼĹߺ˺죬εЦЦ
û⣬òԵЦ£Ÿ˵ȥܡ
Ҿ˵϶ӦģԶˣŮеһ˷ܵקͬ飬Сôɰˡ
ȻԷñѹõûͺܺģ¶촽Ҳ۷۵ģ϶úÿ
˧ĺó谡ˮͬҲ˻Σ岻ԱܣͲסûˣ
˵òôԽ˰ɣ
ɣҲ찡̹̹ҲΣһҲôʱֳɡ
ˣˣ྾УҪȺ÷


27 
Ҷ°̧ͣͷĿı跸ѣĨݿζԣ֪ѡĸȻҪߵ˿϶
ѡ𣿡ǰֻʣˣ껹ԥԵһ䣬ûϲĿζ
Ҷҡҡָ̾ԣ֪ôѡ
˳ָĿ˿ɫ֮⿴ʲôԵջߵǾɡ
Ҷܲתͷ¶ϲģ
䴽һЦԴĻ룬һһԸ㳢
֪ҶƲ죬Ѿܲˣģ̫ɤҲã̫ˡ
ȱ赽֣ѡĨģݿζĸˣ뿪Ⱥ׼һڵʱҪˡ
ͷһۣѾŵϳʱ¿һԼıܣֻܳһ
ôˣΪʲôͻȻֲˣ˳ѯʣ߰ﻹûıܴյǰɣ𡣡
Ҷ̧ܲͷеĶеԥҳԵĻմˡ
ֲʲôĶһڻմܶˮģ಻˼
㶣Ӧ˻˼ŶԷЦˣ֣԰ɣҲ
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28 
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29 
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һɷҪУΰ˹˾Ǳ߲Ѿܺû׵Ҳ˵̫á
֮һݹⲻ˻ᵽǳ۷粨̳Ѿǰȥ˶Թ⣬̫Ӧòڡ
صڹ˾һСҶ˹ȥʱ򣬶ԷѾԾͷˣ˫к
ԤϵһһЩձ⣬ɷò඼Χǳۣ˶ϸڣ֪ϿĶ
̳;ͽˣ˻شĻԣûʲô©ŷġ
ɷҪʱҶϷĸԼջĳﱸջ졣
ɵĲɷùʣµг̶Ҫˣڵˬ˺ܶ࣬ɹܡ
;ڳϻշ˸΢ᵽջ£˿ʾڴͬʱע塣
Ҳһ֮ǰ۶ϵӰ죬˵˺ܶలοĻżظˣɣ𽥷
һصҵʱѾҹˣɪɪģҶһ³ʹ˸ᵽˡ
ԳϵĽ˰֣СŽ¥ѾӳС̺ӵֻգкȥ
û磬ﲻ䣬Ҷ»Լֱۣ¼򻺽ƣۡ
ԸŽµ¥㣬ǵôףҪˣС
ҶԼϵñѾܺʵˣղŵĺ޷ҵͷӦĻ
֪ûȥûȰԼϾͿˣеҹ²Ƚϴ
ȸ˱ţ̣ȥϴ裬ԼʰҲص䣬˸Ѿʮˡ
ֻŵͷϳ磬׼ϴ˯ʱȴԼԼСĸھҲûа䡣
ųȥͣķſڣȻ˺ܶ࣬ԷӦҲ´˲ҵĶû֮ǰô
վ˻ûн˼̧ߵߵţͣ£ܿǰžͱ
ҳˣҶ̽Դë׵ͷմˮһûúô
ҡҡͷϵ˿˯£ô˯
Ը裬ҶϣѡЩҪһм׵һ£˿һʸС
Ѿʮˡ컹Ҫг̣˯Ӱ״̬˵Ҳá
ҶƤһֺı鿴壬˵Ϣ賿㣬ڻ硣
ûںŹŹֵֹĳƺֻ̧ǰǰǵڶܹ˯硣
ţԷϢ˺ܶ࣬˹ԭⲻ˵ģһͻ˯ڶҲ͡
˯ţҶʮջˣҿ϶Ҫʱú׼æ⼸졣
˵ϻǲͬתת۾Ҫһ˳㻹ܸ˵񡣡
Դ̾˿֪Լ㲻ӦҲ͵͵翴ţϰʱ䣬˯ðɡ
ҶŷڷСɳ£Լϣùһߵļ
ʱֻͣķſڣǵһ̤˽򣬱ʱ˸˵ĺۼ
һȦͣڶϣ˼㲦ңᣬƺڳôġ
ƽʱֵʲô⣬ҲҶҷţרҵֺ棬Կûٴߴ١
һ˵İҹ˵İҹҶԼ״̬ʱѾĵˣĶĿ⻺ĴǽϵĹƵϣе飬ôȥ˯
Ʈߣޱ¶Ц⣬ڿϢ㻹˯Сʱ
ҶͷѼһţѸٵܵ¸Ǻñӣֻ¶һ˫۾Ҳȥ˯ɡ
ѵùûзߵߣԷ̺ۣЦЦְ±ǣָߵüģ²Ϊ
ȵҶִۣӱõĵطһ㶼ۣƮƮģĪЦ


31 
ҹ˯߲֮״̬ǺԵģ̳ȴ˸ͱˣԷָ۾·ɫѵһ١
ҶȸŭԣһԵıָԣ´λҡ
˵̳תͷŵˣ۾㾹ȻҲ
̧ӣҪܵģɿǰ棬ЩĹˣ˳ʱЩڡ
Ҷڵȴ˽̳пг̣״̬ѱ˸ţ϶ҪţƲ죬Ÿ׸衣
̳˵Ҳû취֪ΪջᣬʱȷʵгŵĻܿճʱ䣬ʱһʲôҪԡ
ջᣬ춼Ҫܹг̱ϵһֱŵϣԷʱ䶼Ҫ
ʵû취˾Ǳ߲ܷǮ׬ļѾˣٵϰǱ߶ԷǸˣںЩġ
뵽̾˿ŲĵùӷȻҪ¼һգʮǵľͷαӦҲ֪۵ܲסĺȦ
ˣʵʵҿĽǰ̽Դʵ·ҪҪ򱭿񣿡
¼ҶϲĹ֮һȫ̶Ҫע˵Ĺʱ򲢲ЦҲҪЦһЩ˼װĻЦһƣ
ڽĿŵϢžӳ̾Żױʦմ۵׵Ŀ϶˿ڿȣɬζԾ˵㡣
̳վӺ涣ױʦһ۵ףϵƣ룬̾Ц֪ˣú˯
ҶԹ̧ۿǴסܽѵ
֪̳ʱͷŹˣױʦڵĲ߿ȥĿٶ̡
һɳϵȵĽЦˣ磬̽һοɲҪٰҹˡ
СѾͷƬҲңҶӾһۣԷЦҲ£࿪Աߵϣˬһʱ˯ģô㿴
޹ǹһЦΪڲӵʱ򾭳ҹϰ˰ɡ
ȷԭҲ̫ãСʱĲ߾ָܻ۾;ӵġ
Ҷˣ۴̨ǰ񣬲źӦԵµĸг̸״
ֻǸûӣͺִӰ˵Ҳ˵ʲô˵ĺܡ
ۣûü˵ʲôĽѾԵվСܵſȥԹϡ
û¿˵֣ɳûͷϸ˴ʱ־
ҲͲʮӵʱ䣬ûˣ֪ǳ˻Ǿ治ÿ˸ط
ܿ˵˷ܣӦòʲô¡
ȥһλα˸ĿСִǶĳ̲⣬˼ҴƣĿӦЭˡ
˶ԴȤûʣȦ龭ʡ
ûӳ̳Ȼʱɫ˵ϺÿԺСϸڵˮ
ȱʾɻ󣬡̲ÿӳˣһһ𣿡
˵ǽĿһƴڣڴӾԱѾõģÿˣǺܹƽŮ
ʤ֮ǰ̼򵥶ԹˣˮԱҲǰɺˣʱֱϾУôʱĶأ
û취λ˲Ըˮ˵ʪյӰ󣬶һҪˮ̫ð˻Ӱ״̬˸ĿˣŮӣϵλڣܲһŮΡ̳ȻҲѾͨˣʵû취Ӧ¡
˼˵ķ˿ߣֿȵʱǲܸԷӲӲĿҲǺΪѡ
ʲô¸ðͲˡܲպýˣӾصӰֲգȻƹʲôĶ࣬ˮµҲ䰡
ԵüͷҲšǵϴˮڴϵӣгôɲ
֪ˡҶ˵Ǻƽ̳ȼȻ˵ˣûʲôתأ˵ٶ໹ҪϣεҡͷǸˮˡ
̧̳ļû˵ʲôⰲοĻȦ˭˭˵㣬ôЩҲϰˡ
Ŀʽʼ˾ϵճľͲڽеĶ˳мϢΣ󲿷ּαں򳡵ʱ˵˵
ֻλˣվԱߣĲͷԱͨʱҲһûһ䡣
֮ǰһ¼ʱҶάֵĻЦˬʻ÷ۣҲѹߡ
඼̨һ̨һףԼҲʵһչָڣԴûʲôҲཻ̫
Ǹվһλαе㲻ȲϣҲ˵ʲô
ˮϷҪתһ·ȥϣֳѾ׼ˣ˸Ծһ
ҽʵڲ㣬༸λʦˡڵλŮ˴Ҳò˼ʱ˸еơ
һŮʾ⣬ҲͦӾģԸҲʣʶӵҾˣҶʦ࣬ҪΡ
˵ԼҾԱ߿֪ʶ˵վڼŲͷҲ֪û
ûȾᣬĿǱ׼һ£ϾͿʼˣһɣŮ˸͹ȥˡ
ҶȫΣŶĸϣպøλ˸ţ֪⻹⣬Էбһۡ
°һԽ̨﷭˸ۣˮҪɣ˭˭ˡ
ڽվʱˮ»ҪʼˣҶվڳԱ̧첲ȵ
оĶ̳ȲۣȥĶˣ
ǵ˻·ʱ˾ͲӰû⣬һ䡣
˵㶫ԳЦЦԷͷҲûٶͣתͷ̨ϣһӵѾˮ
Ƥһ׶ӾؿλãҶһסҪ׷ЧûкϸĹ򣬶Էɿᡣ
ˮ˺ܶʱ䣬Ҳ˲ЦϣӦܼزģǿĵġ
ҶӾرԵʤ˿öϵļαβ࣬˶ϰ
򣬳Ӿر߸ȥ洩ǵ£˶̿㣬һˮϣϸߺԡ
˦˦ͷտȥһȣǰһֻ̧֣ͷǶӵЦˬĿƳһ۲ŵӰЦֹȥס
Էʹȥ˳ļ򣬡
ǺôףҶַ˸ۣûջȥ·ϲ֣¶Цʱȥˡ
ֵ˵ڶŮԱԱԡڳϳ
𣿡߹첲ҲһҪĸԡеˮȵݹȥԡԴϰŲ˲ˮ
Ҷҡҡͷûã²Ŵ򿪸Ӻˮüͷ壬װʲô
ðȼԤһ¡Ըղȥģˮʱоһͻ䣬ָƤġ
Ҷ˵ûҪϻΪݵʱ䳤˲ŷգûôԷ۾վûоܾĺ⣬ٱֺ˼ڡ
Ů֮ġĺܿ죬ˣŮα³ʱе㱧ǸͬŮ˰Ǿ
Ҷڶˮû֮ǰˣϵмα꽡׳ܶ࣬ʱһֻ첲סҪٳˮ棬Ұܡ
ӮôҪЧУĿҲԲĽˣ˵ĽαǸɢȥԼҾ˸ߡ
صϢŮûȥԸȥæö·׼˸ɾԡ˲ϵˮ
һӡӣԡ£Էᡰ˻һ̧ۣۣ
е㡣ҶͷۣӦǸղˮ²СŪģݣʲôʲôԹ
òҩĨһĨÿԡʶסϸֵƤϸֱ˶٣Щ֡
Ҷ⣬Լ·׽ȥĨʲôҩһˡ
ûȰᡰšڶԷ׼ѿӵʱת߿ʰϢ˽Ʒ


32 
ջһˣҶۿɼĽѡĸûи꣬ƫƫʱ仹ֱŲ̫ܰ
̳ȰΣоͳԭ棬˿һϲģջҪĲǽĿ˫Ľ뻥
ԼҲףֲ;ϣҲϣһ㾪ϲвеҲ˵
̳ҲͲˣֻҪԼעϢע壬ھڰɣ⼸ˡ
صҰЬһ˦Ҷܻ˷䣬Ьûϴѵûһ㣬ץʱܶһס
ŵԺεҡҡͷЬӰڰںã±Ьȥţ̡
϶Ĵӷﴫűӹȥڳķãһֱżһűдӵͷû̧
Խţ̷ϣ˿ֻӲڵϵĽţüȥЬ
Խ䣬ҪʵףذϱģдһоûС
Ьŵ˽űȽȥߵߵԷעּҪݵߣȺˡ
Ҷ֣ھ͹ȥζҰҰ죬ͷŪҡ
֪һʱûԼˣҲûзſձӳȥû˰˹Ϸš
ϴ걭ӣطϴ˸裬һˮͷڴ£ŸԼԼĶ˻
ˣԱߵķű򿪣̤ЬĽŲһ·ӵǰˡ˷š
û𻰣˾ͺȲһֱŽﻹżе˷ܣԣҸĺһף
ëͷԲͷ̧ͷЦȻԡ
⼸Էĸܻһ飬ǾǸܺõڣҪɹ
ҶѯȻҲǸһ䣬˵ʱͿ첽ǰ£ŲŲ˸λãҲû˼ҴĲڡ
ϰԣȫûн⣬ëڲϣͷڼλõꡣ
ңԶĽߣÿһԷ΢΢ͷ۾żգһ£Ľë
ʱֱżײ첲ϣż㲼ϸо¶ȣһۣϵŲϣĸˡ
߶˵Ĳе񣬶ߵЩ˼֪ʲôռݣԼҲ˵е㱡
ô𣿡
Ȼѯ߾۽ϵڴʶɻڣţ
ǰɫˣ۾΢ʱԷǰĿģȴڷһҲû壬ֱſͣҡ
ҶѼڴߣ˹ڲϵëֻͷϣʹãͷҲɣ˵첻أ˭ǿ׳Сġ
ڴסһ߶ϱ߰㲻ĸͷ˿ʱʱ۾ϡ
ʸۣȴԼԴϺΪֹԹԵĴڴزܾҲ
վǰʱ΢΢ζǸ·ռ˺ɫİǰιָ΢˶Űȥߴ䲻ٿ
񱨸һһͨ࣬˽ˮͷɣҶ֣ͣÿëͷе飬ָһ
˻̧ͷԷʵҪʲô
ͷҶָͣͣߣﰡ
÷üԴ۱ܿķ˿ЦϾҪֺϰ塣
ҶƲ죬شϣֳֻ̬УÿյɶѣʲôȱǮԼɡ
˿ֻռһߵ˸ͬǻһѣൽò
ûã⻹һݹǮԼŰɣԺҪȢϱء
뵽˶٣ŤͷԷҲ֪ϲʲôŮ֮ǰֳڨֿɰûȤҲû࿴̳ۣ¶¶ԸһĺҲðģ
Ͼİöôˣ϶ҲҪǸԸĲܸദɣҲЩŻŮˡ
ŮѣӦûܺðɣϾԼϰ嶼ܶģȻʱ÷òչ˵ĺϸģѾܾûθʹˡ
ԴŮѴŻɣÿ׼ˮ̺ӣף˯ǰһţ̡֮ġ
ָ飬һĴϻᱧ˯ڴϣĸǱӡ
Ϊʲô뵽Ще΢Ĳˬأ
ҶƲƲǣüͷšһ𣬴ΪͲרչԼϰ˰ɣÿֻ°ֻ࣬źӡ
ߣߣԼһɣɵڴϣһľϢΧϵζ
ͻľٶе⣬ͷȥԼϵˣ򴽣𣿡
šҶߣƵӦһָ̧۾ϣסϴ۵ĵƹ⡣
һֳŴѹ˵㣬ǻطϴϢɡ
ҶֵĥĥĴôˣû飬ôСһˣء
ͻˣе⣬˵ʲôȴɨΪ°ڲȥ˵㣬¶һذɫƤ࿪ָϡ
ָ䵽еҶ£͵е㷢̣ʲô
ʵԺ޹Ҳе˵飬ָָŵĵط·ˣһ
·ѣԼķӦ̫ˣҶеΣվһ䡰һȥ˯ˡҴܳ˷䡣
һ䡰ļںѾ顱һˣеΣùڴصʱǽߡ
ָĲң·𸧹Էָͣĵط¶Ц߿ȥ׼˯ˡ

ڶ˸г̣ǵ΢ĲѾ׵Ժ󣬳͵ʱƽʱûʲô
ǵôף콵¡
ҶЬվѾź׵ˣﰵһԷ¶࣬ʵʵĽӹϡ
һ¥ͿʼмԷȼ֮Ҳ̫ˣȷǳﲻǶ𣬷紵̵ۡ
оƺ紵е㱣ַ̧סļ򣬴ϵſڵĳ
磬磬ϺáǰĽ̽ͷ֣Ů䣬Ѿ˱޷
ôô䣬ǰ𣿡Ҷλϴ˸ǸϳȽӦִ̧˴
ЦЦҲûУȻ¶ѣ֮󻹻ůģҲˣջܺá
Ҷ΢ģݵķѾ׼ˣΪ˺ÿӶܵҪǽ¶ֶҪԶķ˿Ҳࡣ
׼ôŤˣ忴źӾѯʺˣʱü𣿡
ӦÿԣףԸϳ֮ʣϰˡ¶ȸߣܿɢȥҶɸղŹס
ĺõ֮ǰѾ½͵¼Ҹ֣ҶרҵģϹӦþͲˣֲݳᣬҲûмס
ѡûжֻһЩϸϵı䶯⼸׷˿Ĳ࣬ƣ͡
ʱ䣬ϽҲʣʱ䣬wbһЩ˿ÿ춼źһЩ⣬Ϊ˱ܵȻǲ˵
ʱԼɣŤͷЦЦƳӳڲϵԷڿ˵Ŀײһʶ̧ܿӡ


33 
ˮϢңŸæµջϾҪʼˣȷϺܽȡ
Ҷ۾ɳϣŶŽͷרϤҪݵĸ
·رкŨĹŷԪأɫСֲɴؿһƬӣ͸ʵ۴λ׹յװΡ
ΪǼ׹ŷ裬ʦĴģЧǶ⣬бƽʱķܴ˿һЩʸС
һͲ۾۽Ǳױʦ˿룬ޣ˵ϵķ顣
ˮ˸ǰİϣ˿ӦѾ볡ˣȥˮʱڽ֡
û䣬ҲŽˣ֪ͨ׼һ£ʮҾҪʼˣ̳ǰ涢
ˮһɤӣҶվ·ƽһۣױʦչ˵ۡ
𣿡ԿϢ°ڣ
ðɣҶ΢ͷ㻯ױʦױߵĶҵķ˿Ҷ죬Ǻ̺Ǽ
Ӧ˾Ҫ˲裬Ӫ˲裬÷ۣʱ򻹻ὫСʾЦȥʱ䳤ˣķ˿ҵ۸࣬еͱҪС
ҶһۣüӦ衣
ЦܿЦǲˡ
׵ٴοŽ˳ȥ򳡣˵ˮϣһ̨Ǳߡ
뻹кóһΣȳŷ˿ĻӦ֡
ջǸ˿ĸƱҷѡ볡Ĵֻмٸز̨ľܽ
ں򳡴վһƬӰԷ̨µķ˿ԱԶͬʱϻͲ
Ϊ˲£˿ɤˮȥʻҪҪԷڰ־ܾ
̨ϵ˾Ⱥóӣ˿ڴѾ˵ꡰҶϵļмҪƷ컨塣
ﴫĵһǹݵ˿ԾİҶ˿ȴǰ꣬ͲŸ߳ȥ
ˣ˿ǳֲܴ裬ߵҡΣļС
ֱѾȥƽܶ˷边Ȼ̨˵װҲеķ
ţ쾹Ȼǹŷ
úÿ׸Ҳ֮ǰʲô
̨µķ˿һ˽۵Ŀ̨ϣżתͷ¶Цʱػ֡
׹ŷҶĳһȣʱһƬУ谮㡱˻ɷǳԣĿ⣬˿Цſȥ
Ͳ٩һʲôһһ䡰ְҲ㡱ֿǸзֳۣǺôЦ
ҶЦŷ˸ۣȴЦòˣŵλֳ飿
˿Цϵһ𡱣Ҳðͷˡ
ЦʿɶֹҶ̧ܿѹѹһ٣˾䣬۶֪֪ô£ְַۺҲ
վ̨㶣֪ǲĴ̨ϵ˵ʱƳۣ֮ǰ٩ԼЦЦ
Ҷ̨ϸ˿˼䣬̨cuẹҪ뼸˿Ϸܼ򵥵㻭Ҳ¡
ѡλֳ˿ÿ˷һ壬һ˱һ֣Ҷʲô
СӴżֵּĸ֣Žڹ涨λվãȹԱͻ塣
ͻȻĽͷ˿˵Ҷֵ̧ۣԼȳıͶ
һֱվ̨¥ݱߣĸеòס˳ַæ˭̨֪¾ͽҲ⡣
˸Լһʱˣ׹ֳķ˿İwbҲpoգʱĵƵҲӰòôԽϳҶ֡
Ͳһָֻյһ˿ǣװĵ˧СͲǵ𣿡
˿Ǵ󺰡ûСҲеƤĺ˵ֻǶݵһǽչҪؼҵġܱߵļʱЦ
̨ϵķ˿ҲûסȥԼݻˣҪģƵͿƬÿˣĺܸߣҲܺãЦʱᣬӴ˷˿ý˫Ŀ֣׬ˡ
Ļ壬ҶԱߣһͷӷ϶Էֱ̨ۣߣȥȥҪҵķ˿
̨¶ЦԺϵߣ̨ǰתͷЦ£ƺеΡ
ķ˿ûע⣬̨Ͽߵķ˿ȴţʱЦŴյһС˵
ѽǸЦó谡ڸ磡
ȥҲһ㶼
̨ϵϷ֣˿ĺܿģŴҶѸ̨ȥ̨·
Եһʱˮȥ˼ڣ첽ϢҸϣճʱֻʮӣҪһ㡣
ڶǲõǳɫСûôʽչֵĺܺãȵһ׸ӻá
ʱæ·εʱ򣬻ױʦױѹѹۣ˵㴽ɫ
ʦ鷳ϵĽָױæŰ˿룬濨ۺ˵⣬ôҲ۲ãڲ֣ʱֻֽܺԱߵŵ˰æ
ԺܿȥָͷϵСȽƸУ״ģмǶһԲ顣
鷳ҶʦʳָͿԣллŽָױͷҲûأڸ̵Ͼ
Ҷͷ˲ױʶ֣ȱסʱ΢΢һٷӦԷ
ǹǼܱȽСԵʣԷҲҪСһ㣬ָвʶ˵ܿſѽָʳָ˳˷λá
˷ſ֣ҶѸٰһָֻȥĦöָѹ΢Ĳڡ
̵ܿ챻㶨ǺĿ۲ۿ˵㲼ϣһֱ۲ȥæ˰ɿ
ߴϳױʦմϷͷץĸɣŽ˷˳ȥ
ֳ˿ɲ˻ߵĺ֣׸Ǿξ˸ı࣬˲һľϲ
мйֵϷڣ˿ܼǫ̀ʱûҪ󱧱ʲôģչ־ͺ㡣
ջĽβյ⣬ܴ˫㣬װζйصԪء
ܸлһֱ֧֣ǰʱǵˣҺܺãһֱãϣҲܿģлл
Ҷ˵ܶɿĻԼĴңŻͲľϹһƬֵ
վڲ̨¶ܲõЦݣֻ̧˻ӣ۽ƺЩ΢죬ҲĴ
ϳտָ裬Ը򣬵ⱻҶпҪɷķ˿Աæ
ҲŽһ̨̨¶֣ͣߣŴӹ⣬֡
רеҶ̧ͷЦ۾𴽽ǣк÷ֽĵ⣬ллҪ𣿡
ꡱӶЦĻ汻̨µһλ˿˿̧ͷȥ̨ϣչĴ졣


34 
ջĺԲҶ볡ǰ·Сģ仯޳ע⴩·Ҫð
ɢ˿г̳ǱߴԱֱӻ˺̨ⱻķ˿ɻҡ
æµҲ˸ĽϢԼˤɳϣ˲ĺ󣬳˿
ҡҡͷˮݹȥ𣿡
Ҷӹֱ壬ҡҡͷ򿪸Ӻˮεĸı඼ǰԼϲϲҲܿġ
Ǽ׸豾Ǻձķ񣬵Ӧ˾Ҫдģʵ⡣
θĵʱ׿Щ˼ôô񼸺ȫˣѶҲֱ
ǰĴһ᲻ϲԽţϣ˿ܺܿ죬첻ԼҲܾˡ
ͬøĹĸر𣬻ûôôҵһʱסԽԽеһӣꡣ
Ҷվ²ӣ׼ȥ·֪Լķ˿Ȼɢ϶뿪ٿһۡ
ջٰʱ磬һСʱڲŲĵӣȫⲻ󣬵Ҳһֱţ֮ҲгҪܣ㻻·ȥΪãڳϢ
ϣ˻ųȥʱ˿ǾͼϵĿؼңûжܿ˳˷˿Żߡ
ϳʱֱֵ˷˿߲˿αϣȡ¿ַŽڴ
Чˡߵĳ̳ļ򣬡гҲһˣ˾˳·һع˾
֪ҲһֱʱԼջᣬҶĵͷȥҲʱϢҪæϵĿ졣
̳ȱЦ˾Сӣãﻹˣ߸˸ա
գҶüҲû¼սĿ˵ϲϲǾҪȫϱ湣Ӧʲôĺۡ
ţգͦģڳﱸвٹ̶˿عʡ̳ȸ˼䣬ɫԸֵйʣȥĲʲôгкʹ󾰵㣬ѡַȽƫƧܴطչֻǴŻסڱ˼ΪЧҲᰲԼʲôġ
ȴӣ̺ĲˣĵǸ⡣
һ¼һηֳڲ̳Ƚ¼ƣڽĿÿ¼һҹ
ƽӫĻæǹǵȤЧܺãвٴƵҲԸϽĿۡ
ҶչͷǰʱȶҲߣĿǱ߾͸ϵˣ⵵עû࿼Ǿͽ
¼ʱŻа£̳ǰ˵һҲе׼˵ĿǱ߻һߵͬ¼ƣʱȶȿ϶ٲˣԷȥ¶¶ûлټϰ빫ҲȽ档
Ȼ˵ϲҶݹνֻҪȥϷʲôĶ˴ţҲ͵ͷӦˡ
У˵깤̳¶ЦݣյгŹǰܽʱ㶫ȥףһ£
涨ģֵıиģһͨеûıڼﰲȫ㣬Ǽ
Ҷ⣬֪ĹѾŵҹˣ̶ֳȿ϶϶˼Э˺ܾãůֻƮƮһ䡰֪ˡ
ô꣬ʲô̳˽ⲻˣû䵭תͷȥǰĽĹ

17̫ã˲˵ջģ˲ֻϵԤŴ翪ʼе꣬һֱµҹ
ҶܵӰ죬𴲿ʼһη죬ܲ˵ĶĶʪġ
sоǸȽϳʪĳУһﶼˬñѶûɵĳ
ǲôᣬҪȥ仯¶轵Զ˼ë£˱ȽϺʵףѾǶĴ磬ڲʮѮ
¿ɲֱ꣬˿ĺͰףƱĺܣҲʵʵ·ϳˡ
磬磬տ֣һԪ컹վڳǣ˳˸ӵ
Ҷ̧ĺ󱳣˿Ц˵лл
Ҹ׼ڲ㣬ٿɡգգ۾˸ӣתͷһߵ˴к簡硣
硣ЦЦǰţķ˵ĺܣվôһ;
磬ûпwbķʻ·ϣͻȻʲôתз˿ջƵϴˣЩܶϲ
ֹǷ˿ЩϤ·Ҳ䣬רҵֲ˵κܴ󵨣һκܲĳԣر
ȻҲ˶ϲԵҲһЩõüǣڣ֮ǰϿں
ҶҲˣлοģһЩܹϲδ£ԺидԼȤĸ衣
ԸſһۣЩҲпҲΪеˣˢһλ˿ŵֳͼ
Ҷ˵ģҲϷʱ˿һģи˵ģĩβһӶЦƬ˶ǲԷŵ⡣
ǵջʱʵǺܶݵһ˲䣬û뵽̨µķ˿ץĵˡ
λ˿ȻܻգĽǶȼΧܺãԱ߾ĹԱģҲǵ˽Ҷ¶ĸ࣬ԼһƫĲܺĿǼ۾Ц⡣
ʱе棬ԭڵӽпദ״̬ģЩá
Բ֪ܲݣȷʵָоͻ̲ס¶Цá
Ҷĵļ϶תͷԱ߿ۣ΢ţ֪ЩʲôϴЦ⡣
ŵջߣ̸ʲôЦġ
һæʲôղյľͱ׵Ժ󣬵бȽϻ¶ĺ׼ʻ
;̳ȳոһ绰˵䣬ϲͳԻʱȥʳǰȥ׼鷳˰æȡ¶ĵ⡣
Ҷ˾ûʲô׼ıҪջѾйˣҲôʳȻҲû˵ʲôɨ˵Ļ
궼Ҹ̽ףȥ鲻ʱŪȥˣзڣˡϵ绰黹ܺá
ʵջǽգһһ۾۲Ҫģƽʱ̫æˣԭ򣬸Ҫշгһ̨һ̨Ҫܡ
˼ˣҲûҵݵطǶ˭ĶҪٴ죬ﲻı֣ͣЩܰ
ԼΪĸ׵Եʣ귴壬˷ӦҲر顣
һгǷװƷƵĴ㣬Ҷ״̬ĵúܿ죬·ǴĿе֮⣬졣
Եڳ߸ףָʱʶ£ܿɿǹ·ʱСġ
ʱԤƵ磬㣬Ѿˣ֪᲻³³ߵǰӦܵң̳ڴѾȥˡ
ϳһֱǰϢӦڸԷϵҶûʣصģԼ׼ʲôϲ
겻ûɹ¶һⶩ˺ܻĲǹͨ⣬ǱΪҪձףӵõ廨ǽϵıIloveyoṳȥʱԣεһ
ģֻҪٸ۶ӣȥɡ
¥£ȥԼ˾ȥȡ⣬ﲻԶʮӦþܻ
ɡ첽߽¥¥ָţȻõģŵζҶͦϡ棬̳ȾȻף칤ĺ硣
ֹŸ˸ϽˮЬʱȴ˶٣ſڵЬ˫һ˫пһ˫ŮЩ͵˴ģ̳ƽʱĸ߸ЬȴûӰüһ
ˣˣǲǺ䣿
ûŮ˴ӳǱ߹ϻϵΧȹЦҶҲʶľϲ裬ôˣһˡ
û˵꣬Ӧʲôֵͷ˫ЬٿڵʱȴЩԥҲˣ
ôӭҲ߹մЩˮ֪ǲϴˣȴûкɫҪңΪ
һʱ佩ס˭Ҳûٿڡ


35 
վſڣһˣȽ¡ȷӦɷǰȥӵ֡
ҶǿЦЦŻЬʾˣ裬ԣ˾ҵıڣڸסһ𡣡
ڵ绰Σǵһؼˣȥʱ۾£ô˧أҸջΪǹ˾ˣС࣬ôɣ
Ȼԣ̺áЦŶ˵ͷЬãϰԵ껻µЬӰڷ롣
Ҷʱ˸䵭򴽣ڵ֡
ӦǶԷһߣ֮Ťͷ˳
ˡıӰĶӵ֣ûתԱߣС⣬Ƣ
ЦЦҡͷ˵ᣬоǵ֣Ǵʲô졣
裬һطϴҶ׹ֱϣЦЦתȻ˷䡣
ϵЦݵЩ۵¶ֵģܿתͷԻվŵ˵СҲȥϴɣѾˣܿܳԷ
ãҰæ׼˰ɡ԰׹ص¹ϣ֯ӡ
Уպð졣ûܾһȥ˳
ҶͥΰſվˮرϴˣΪ鲻ãеˮ˺Щ
ûʲô׼ģ߲ϴɾһа̾ͺãóӣ˿ϴõĶڰУķŵ
翴»Ĺվ߿ЦЦСƽʱɣõͦ
ʱģԼڼһЩֻ򵥵ġæţ߻ӦĻ
Լãܾ÷ĶӪҲ⣬˶٣ֵҿԳ˵⣬ɫҲˣƽʱչɣ
վˮرߵ˲˲ͷ֪ǲ˵
˵չˣԽһƬŽʱֿͣϴθʹԺ̽Ҷජʳ˺ܶࡣ
οĵͷãи˶СƢͲ̫ãҲûίɣˡ
뵽ƽղԸǹԹӣЦҡҡͷûа̣ͦദġ
⻰û䣬ˮǱϴ˵Ⱥһǲͬ
תͷǱߵһۣûô˵лл㣬Ҫ鷳Ժչ
һģ̡Ӧ£ŵͷƤԷĻҲ˽ӡ
ǱæһҶʼûӷǹһĳ̳ȸˡ
ȥæӶԹԽԽĺܣ˵һžŵζˡ
װ޲ˣתȥŵʱ֪õ˶ߣԷ̾ƿˣЩֹЦ𣿡
Ҷͥΰ˦˦ϵˮ飬ƳһۣǸСӡ
˵һ֪ͣЩʲô˰֣ûˡ
վԭصһȷûٿڵĴ㣬ŶŵĲϡ
ѾԧģһǴһĻϣͮͮģ߶Ѿʼˡ
ǱߵĽŵȷŵǱȥҲǱ߷źãֻг̳߹ѹڷ䣿
Էźӣͷ
̳ע³ͿǱߣȷֵʱɫôû塭ȣദ𣿡
Щ֣˵ûж˵֪мĴʲô£˼ϻĻ
̳̾˿еۣע⵽ѾˣûʲôŴۣѾˣ壬ȥԷɡ
Խյʾ⣬תͷӲ뿪Ǳֵļڲˣͣڼžķſڣ̧á
˼ӣյű˴ҶϵױѾϴɾˣˬ
Կˣæ𣿡̧ʾ²ǱߣλŮ̸պ񻹲
Ҷϵ˵ϺҲ˵ϲãеԥƳ۲Ĭ˺ܾãŴӷţ߰ɡ
׼˺ܶϲĲˣ̳ڲǱ߿ǹЦ֡
Ҷ߹ȥɨۣĸѾλˣڰæﶪֺӣջߣͷ
̳ǰ˰λԱߣ˳°԰ԼȥǱˡ
ҶЩӲ⿴ֱߵĸףԷû򴽣ҲǱ߿
պһʱеΣ̳߿ȿǻѵþһԸףտ֣
˳Ļ˱ֵĺտֻ֡ûжһʱ䡣
Ҷűӵָ˽ָЩףǳ˿ѹʲô˵һллͷһڳ֭
ȵе㼱Ǻ˺ߵ˵ֽ˳±
̳ȸЦ˿ڹ֭ˬģΪںȾơ
˳˵䣬ȥӦѾˣ©ȥ̡
ӵɷȣû˵ʲôõϽ²ˣǶˡ
֪ѾǶҶͥΰûٰףֱߵȥ£˳ƳѾ˳ˣߣë꣬ҲǺ
˼˸زȥţŹӷŵٳԣԼȥֻˮ
չԼչ˵ϸɫЩߣҲܷĵ㣬ϸ˼̺õţŹȥСæˣԶҲһˡ
лл̡˫ַ룬Цŵл̬
翴⣬˺ãʶڵСô˧̸û̸ŮѰ
ߵ˲֪ΪʲôֿԼֶ˶٣¿ӻسĻûС
ҲˣϲҪûеĻҸ˵ҸڼҰ̵Ů
衣ҶεĴԷأ˵Щɡ
翴ΪҪ˵ͣ¶ˣϽЦЦӦˣǣҵĴԷЩԶ
֪ڵ˶ҶĻҲǿһûסͷһؼҲ֪ûð˼ҡ
ζ˰ĳ˻ǳ̳˻⣬尢̿ǰջƵαֵĿɺˡ
£ˣھӼŮùwbÿ춼ܴѵϢö˿ء
ߣȡ衣Ҷͥΰˡķ±ӡ
ҶϸոֵЦ˻ȥеĿӣùӺˮѹзӿĻ
ǸǺǡǰʱ仹Ϸ̳ӲͷƤԲݶ˵ıֲʱ򲥳尢Ҫ
֪֪ҿ϶ŵӲ
ԱǸҶͥΰһЦɫõˣȫ¶֪ˣ˿Ц
ҶŽĶûζָҪѿϣͷǳ˿̫ˣԣҪġ
ԥ£ȰǸ̫ˣĳθ
ҪģҶһ˲İֻлཹཡ
㡭
Ϲʲôܣ̳û˵ĻҶͥΰϣûǸ;ЪЪһ쵽
ڳԿڶҲҪ𣿣ɶûУҶƺҲǱĺˣ˵ʼ˼ɡ
žһҶͥΰˤĿӣһԣҹ㣿ʲôʱܹܵסˣ
ҶǾҪԣƢղסվԼͨһƬֱ


36 
ȿȿȡͻûоζǺ˺һҵĿԣ۵ĸоȾʳ
Ҷͨ죬۽ǷԵʪ⣬еǱƿչҪտˣ߿ȱȥϴּ䡣
ûнⱻƿŴȥ
лҪ
ˣ˵䣡ջصǵߣɷȣյúܣ˵˵㣬ʮˣǸЩ
˸Źȥչˣ̳ȷģȰˣȳԷ°̾˿ͥìѵڡ
ϴֿ̨˼ƽϢҶסˮڣζ˳ϴԼ侲һ¡
̧ͷʱӾ￴վſڵˣ˶٣ȥëÿǳҵɫ˶٣ӦԼǹõϴּ䣬ŵĶ˵Ķ
ԿƺµЩʲôſЦЦûϵҲ⡣
Ҷ̧۴Ӿ￴Ľëһȥ˭ˣòã
ԼĶƢҲû䴽һ´αԼȥ
ϴǺȾƣǳÿθʱԷҪ۸ԼϰߺܲãҪġ
Ҷ߳ŭ鵭˵¶ǰմˮķ˿òƲĵ˭ȥˣƽʱɤͻȻѡ
ֻ̧ǰһԲĿдŲš
Ӿ￴Ҷתǰһƽߵԭ΢΢ͷģ㲻Ҳ˵ҵ壬ô
˵껰ƿȥֳסֱۣ˵ɹҪƢʱȿڣһᵣġ
ҶеĻʱȫɤۣ˲ͣһʱزɵɵĸ˶ӡ
ˣְ̧ļ򣬡̽Ҳᵣġ
ҶΪ΢ŵϣüҲ΢£ЩȣΪΣ˦Է֣֪ˣ憪£
һգǰѾȥջգԱǽϵĿأžˡ
ôôãٲöɶǳˡ̳ȿ֣ʾ¡
գóԵ㲻øšᣬҶҲȫȻûзµʱҲûԱ߿
ԽǴһˣɫǲ̫ãͷԶҲ
ǣϴµϺ㡣̳ϵĵͷִӹϺ
Ҷ˾⻹࣬û˵ʲôͷˡ
һСʱ껹£ûһСƣӴȥһƬʡ
ţѾתƵ˿ΧŲ輸ɳϡ
Ա߲𿪰װУ׺ʻĵãǰƣԸɣ硣
ǰǽߵĳ̳ȰѵưֻʣůĹߣ˵ݡ
Ҷ˫ֺʮۣԸƽԼҵ˳죬ǲβ볪ոЦЦ۴
žһֱݶǹƲƲǣеЦȴδ
24տ֣ļ֣תͷ߿ȥӹóԼ˫ֵݹȥ𿪿
лˡҶЦŽӹ˺װֽǶõӣͺ³ģŻһΣʱҸպ뻻ˡ
̳ȸһƵ޴£ϾҪˣʵãˡ
Ҹְ͵ġóһĺӣƷһĶ
Ҷ֪Ȼô˵϶ԼģְѾǸˡ
Ӵ򿪣Ȼһʿɫ׹һССԼ˵϶˲˼ǸСЦЦллҺϲ
͹ˣһ̾е⣬̳֪ٳλҲǣҲʮ磬˷ѡ
Թ˻죬ʱѾˣ̧˿̽꣬ȥҾƵʲôĲ㣬尢Ҫպһɣ˯䣬˯䶼˫˴ͦġ
ҶĻ﷭˸ۣ֪ǹģ˵ϸĳ̶ȣ벻ǰ䣿Լ
ֺһûʲôʾԥ£᲻̫ˣС˯ἷ𣬻᲻᲻Ӧ
ԽյŮ˶ԼʹɫЦЦûϵ̣ͦģ˯ˡ
ҶԿһۣﲻһôҲԷһˡ
ǾɣϢǽҲˡ̳ȲٸԥĻᣬֶ¡
Žʰϵǽ壬ֹˣȥ꣬˲ȫ
̳Ҳû֣ദʱ䣬컹йҪæҲˡ
һ뿪նʱЩ翴Եĸ̾˿ȥʰ
ԻڵĶ̫ˣԸȥæҶԼ׵ദҲŹȥˡ
ĸһæСᱻյӣڳ򵥳ϴһ£Žϴ
ſӽûĲ˼һҶñĤŽ䣬컹档
ʣµĿӵŶ˵ȥ
ĻѾϨˣҶִ㽫˽ȥûȣӻһ£ͽֱϣ̵˻һѸ֣ˡȥ
Ӵӳÿǰһץ֣մƤѾ˺죬˽
Χȹϲִ鿴ֽȥôˣ
Ե˵ͷûͣ˵ִյˮͷϴ£Ťͷı飬̣ӹҩ䣬鷳һ¡
Ӧžתȥˣ߶ôôСġ
ϴԵҶͥΰǱߴ˴գܿ˻Ŵɫãëëŵģʲô¶ã
Ҷﱾͺֱܷ̣꣬ʱûӶ˻ȥǣǷʲôУùԹڲ
˵ʲôҶͥΰһ䣬ƢҲˣ֣
ֳû뵽ģֶȰʱĬרĸ֡
ѵ𣿣ûʵʵĻѡûãȥˣΪ¿Ҳ˳ۣ˼𣡡ȻѾˣҶԾ˵ס
Ϊǩ˾Ȧ£Է˺ôһͨƢԼûˣÿλؼҶҪΪ±ǺչɲɢҲͲȥˣǲܶ
Ǹû⿪ܹȥãֻҪһɲܺúദԼգԷҲԼһ
ҩͣڳſڣ첱Ӵֵĸͷ۵Ҫ
ҿ㲻˳ۣǵ˭˭˳ۣҶͥΰĲУһ̨ϡ
ԼҶ⼸ִ˵Ʋֳȥȴû鶯
𶯣һսûɣѹĺܵͣøҲʱһܽ˵ˡ
ﲻ㵹Ǹ˵˵ҶͥΰҧԼĶӡ
ҸһʵʵĵһʦԲԸҽȦԸҵ֣֣ΪʲôҪǿңҶֵ֪˼ȽؾɣʦְҵֲǣΪνӾҪҵ𣿣
ҲǷҪ㵱ʦֻǲȦ
ʲô𣿣
УҲ뿴һЩĪʲô˽˶Ҷͷ㣡
˲ţֻˮ
ҶЩ㶣ĿŶԷ촽˶֡
лҪ˵
Ҷְǰӵĺøףֻǲ


37 
Ҷͥΰ̾˿һû˸ľͷеƣǰЩͲ˵ˣأ㱻ʲôӣЩûм㣬ȴô񶾵㡭˵ǸȥˣܵЩίأҲȥ𣿡
飬Ҷ˵
ۿ죬˲
ϵĶתͷָ꣬⡣
극ܺúóԣܺú˯ڵԽԽݣżƵźܿģܿ㶼װģûˡҶͥΰ̧ͷŶӣԼĿڣĶӱڳĸĻۣ
Ҷ۾ȣеᣬ֪ԭ⼸길׶ôģΪѹ裬ӲҪĹѻίڸǵĺܺãʵûӹĸ۾
Ҷͥΰǰһֹȥϣ㵱껹̫ˣܶûôãҲˤñ֮Ҹ㷢Ƣ㣬㻹һеûлͷ
֡Ҷֽһȴ֪˵ʲôãֻڷ۾
Ҹ費ΪʲôǣҲжٷ˿׬ǮҪֻ㽡֣˶ѡҶͥΰļ˽֪ԷѾǸĿİٵСˣзŲµĵģܼ򵥵
ҩ䣬Ѿҵزһȥ뱻˿΢΢Ĳ
Թˮͷɿ֣ӵȥ¶ǳЦ
Բ𣬰֣ܸ㳳ܡҶڶԷѾСʱôļϣӣеơ
Ҷͥΰͷѹ۾⣬̧Ķӵĺ󱳣һ֪ͺãһľͻңʡġ
ˣǸʱ˭Ҳ˭岻ᡣתʱѾڰǰ
˭ᣬСˡҶͥΰҪӣ˷ſӲתͷϴӡ
ңôҲְҶ˾䣬˵ɹʮΪϣȥʰӡ
翴ıӰҡͷҩˣСడʰˣȥĨĨҩͷˡ
Ӧһҩȥһקסȥ˹ǱȥȰҩĨˡ
Ĩʲôѽû£ȻᶼҪϴˡҶǺԸ趼ǴС
˵˲㣬ϴĨԲŲקɳ£ҩ䷭˸ࡣ
翴ǶѹȥҪɷЦ˵㣬ҪʮˣǸЩﻰ˵Ҳμꡣ
֣һȸʾҶͥΰһϴҰļҶأĶ˵ȥ
Уø˵ȴЦ⸸˵ͺãʡܼм
˸еĨȥ滺УҶҲͲˣԹſĨĴָӻڵһƬû©
Ĩҩ̧ۿüû˽ʱЦЦְܰ㡣
Ҷ΢°ֵͣ˵˭ҸĸӣȴͻȻ֮ǰ̳Է£մǵĻȣҲðɡ
俴ЩߣԴĨҩЩûиϵ˵ĸţɲǸףͬԼ
޷Щ߶ԷҲá
˵ͷһԲҶȷǲĸѹˣ͵͵˼ֲۣᰲοˣֻתƻ⣬˰ɣˡ
ţСıմ·ϡԷſǩվȥ尢̣űˡ
Ҷκĵͷһֱ׷ˣ˹ӽգ۾Ӧûѹɣ
ʰѾʮһˣ滹꣬С˺ܶ࣬ġ
¶ȵͣ˯յ䣬ҶӹַӳԼĵȷһߣԷޣܻܲ˼ұӡ
µϴƷҲװڷ䣬ûüǻʲôҪľͱϳȥϴ˯Ҫʲôǻҡ
Ҷʼ磬űͷȥ˸ڷ䣬˱ʰλòſʼýţĪġ
Ұ̣ȥϴɡĽŲŤͷǰӹĶ°͡
Ҷɵ㶵ĳţԡ˯»ûãﵽԼȥţʰ˶ó
ʹã涼µĺۼոսϴûϸڴһȦðܼ򵥣ĺܸɾһؾصġ
ŵĶɣǿ֢ҶƲƲ죬¶·ϴ衣
ộû˳ȥ˸ýȻһҩصŵͷϣ밤һӣЦЦ
Сǵһθ֪ͬܲ˯ţЦ£ʰĥŶԷϴӦúܿ죬ȥţˣµĸպڡ
װñŽ΢¯ʱıһ㣬ȥڲߵȡ
Сࣿ紩˯߹ɻĿôˣղûԱ
̡ЦŽˣҡҡͷϣҸţ̣Ҫʲô𣿡
ҲãȻͣô˻չأСԼˡ
û£˳֡ԡǱ߿ۣԼ϶úúȡ
ҲǣЦ£ҡҡͷǺӿճƯµԸȴֵģ㲻ء
òӦ˰̡ϸ٣ܿʱķϣҲƯ
⻰ȻǺܿģ̧ͷüϧֵӣѼӲĸҲϵͷٹģҲǰ㲻ϵġ
ҲǿˣԳǸӣʵԵ⣬ֻ˭Ҳ䣬ʱ˳ڶ»е֡
Ƣãʱ˵ܻˣģûжģǸúӣƽʱദൣЩ
̷İɣ֪ЦŵͷֵͦõģûҷƢ
˵ˣҶʲôһһô˵ȷʵЦġ
˶٣ЦȴֵȦֵطǵƢˣⱻ˶һһʲô˶У˺
⼸ûٸŵģΪ֮¼ؼңܹǲ̤ʵġ
ֲϸ绰ѾæˣĸİﲻҲҡ
֮ǰۣ׶Էĵǣ֪ôο봹˵
Ψһοϲ֣ϲ裬ΪȰ࣬Ҳˣô֧ϲһΪеˡЦ̾
֮ǰԼʱĿ֣ϸ¶Ц⣬ͷĺϲ衣
̧ͷһЦ֣СûʲôҪõѣͰԼܿ㣬ʱĻӦǰ㵱εĸ磬ƽʱ϶ûչ˰ٴлл㡣
ԼԲ̫ȷʱģЦЦỵ̈Ҹġ
䣬һţȺˣ翴ۣſ˵֣ˣˣ̲ˣСæ˯Ӧûйɣ
ԵͷӦˣĿͶԷط䣬Ťͷȥȡţ̣Ũζ
·ԡſڵʱ洫½Ųܿ˷䡣
ţ̷ڴͷϣǱվϰһĺӣ渲һܹӡ
ַ̧ȥָĸ۲֪ʲô˻
ɵվ
תͷմͷеңë׵ĺܺ
Ҷͷ߹ȥϵĺӣʲôװôʵҹվ￴
ûлش⣬Ǹӣ˫͵ԷǰЦ
ҵģҶĵɴۣߴϻϡ
˵ʵе⣬֮ǰԷȻʹ˱ˣԵʱûʲôΪû׼
Ȼе˵ʧ䣬ҲûȥᣬҲȱôһ˻ΪҪƵģڿԼĺܾȡ
лҪ˵
Ҷ裬Ǹ磬硫


38 
ӦԾеЦ˫ǰͣţģϣϲ
ǰʹ̳ȸʲôһͶãһʵãҲȱˣ˼ȥ׼һҲ֪᲻Ȥ
ҶѾӦǸе㾪ϲϿǲϵģ־ͽӹȻˣҾ㿴ɡ
˵ţϽ˺ӵϵ۴򿪣һĻᣬɻ̧һۣóӷŻϡ
ְסᣬԼ˽ȫչ
ĿСԾȻֽϣϴЦִŰ뿪ȣվڻõԣƮĻ£մȾ˼ͷ˿
Ҷ֮ǰϷʱͣһʱԣ˺ðһ̧ۣ㻭ģ
šԵͷϲ𣿡
Ҷûشϲϲ˻ϣ¶Цݣùת߿ڴϣվڴͣҪڷ
˵ֿյüװ޷̫ˣͲ
أ˻ʲôתͷߣ˴Ц۾еεĿһǾûˣô˴Լҳ̫ϧˣΪϲ
ûпղ˸߲ҵӣϵĵͷ֪Ըҵҡ
ô˵ЦеĿҶڣͷĶ˻ӻ֣ϴȥˣϴϽ˯
ҲĿķǣЦŵͷǵðţ̺ȵҳϴϴȥˡ
űϵҶϲͷı飬ϸڴϵĻ۾
һʲôȥͷǱԼֻţ̣˳һˡ
ֻգƽ̵Ļ˸ֽǶȣĵһŻǿģҲûб¶Ŷֻͷ˳ȥwb
ҶV
յһݺر[]
[ͼƬ]
΢ȥûãϲ˯ͺͷ˿Ƿ׷Եת˾̾ͻȻӪҵףտֵġ
ֹ˼ӲſʼӦͼ໵˵ÿһСӣЩǰ·͸һϷ͡
лרҵķ˿Ĺͼ⾳ʴܸ߳ǲλίйʦġ
Ҷֻܿÿۻе⣬ԭԾȻôרҵΪֻͨİá
ֻ鷨ֻửûָ˧ô˾ȻıڣĶʱõ㡣
ܺĸλ˿ۣԼ㻭ģʲôʦ
Ǹ˿ܿظ۵°˵ĻҪ㻭ѧô껭ľʺ
ҶܿĵЦڴϣɴߵЬϲ˲ţûٻǸ˿·ۡ
̫̫Ͷ룬һʱ䣬ϴ˯ڱϣֻ֪ڿʲôЦĺܿģǸԱߣôǱӣҲա
ҶŷԼˢ˺ܾõֻ͵ķϵ飬յأ䡣
Ҳţʱ䳤˻ð˵Ż˴ȥջᣬȥţǺñ˯ɣ컹Ҫ𡣡
ҶϨֻվǰʰᣬƲƲջߣŲŲҪʱŷԼɵ˵ıӡ
ٻͷֿ˶ԷһۣԼĹԼǱߣűҪꡣ
ԸǺúתͿӰһЦҡҡͷߵ£Ҳˣ
굽ɺõҶеΣᱻӸסģҪܣϨƣ
ԲըëͷСƣȥصϵĴƣһӻ谵ʵЩů
͵͵㿪ֻ˳ҳҶͰַֻŵͷϣڱﶯ˶Ҹλ׼˯
Իصƿɽȥϰֻʱ䣬ȴƳҳϵwbʾϢһԱ߻䶯ˣȥ˿
wb¶Цֻߣƽű۾ǵĻδ䣬ϲͺá
λô۵Ҷɻ̧ͷֻůƵĵƹº͵Ĳ˵ʲôأ˭ϲˡ
۾תͷ谵º۾ţǻ˵ллһر
Ҷ㶣ŷӦ˿wbʱ˺ԼعأղŷwbˣҡҾ㷢ġ
ţ֪Եͷ
ôӦ˷ԵҶ͵Ļң첻֪˵ʲôЩ̣ɴͷҲɽ
ԾúЦıӣûűͷ˯ᴭ
µԴ˶ԷƵѵƹˣ̫˯š
ҶĦ֮ǡžһ죬ӱӷ϶͸һʧСĵ̽ͷ
һƬڰߵֻܿģ˿Լ̵գûԷԼε졣
ɸ˶˵ҲͦģϴθͬݻѧУʱиԵĴ̣ȻխҲԼĿռ䡣
ôԷĺŵԡ¶ζ
ҶͷԼڣڴԡϴ裬õͬһƿԡ¶մȾζҲһġ
֪ΪʲôǾöԷĺһ㣬񻹼һº͵ľ㣬Ũңڸȴǿ
˯𣿡
̽ζԴҹЩһһ̧۷Լ֪ʲôʱߴ˴գúܽ
ҶһæŲŲҹ˵ƣԼȵɫѹѹһ㡣
֪ոհ˹ûж룬ֻΪͻȻ˻˯ûаȫУʶҪˡ
ͻȻ֮ǰ˵Ļʱգ۾ŲŲֱ۸űһ𣬡𣿡
ǳζŨҶЩ㱣ûüӦԼЩʲô
ǲˣӦôںڰЦЦǿںڰ￴˵һ˫۾ĵǿ᲻䣿
ȽϽ˵ʱϢҶʶϽҡҡͷʶܿ壬ڵ䡣
ûʣֻȥԷգоƤůůĲŷġ
׼ԷĻ˲䣬Ҷе£ֱֻջȥŷӦе߳ŭʲô
Կǲ䣬ʵԷЦóԿҲҵģ
ҶϷˣû֤ݣðû˵ҹɫڻöԷ¶⻰Щ
ʶԼѿڶĻЩ̫׵˵㲻ͺá
һɴˣŲ䡣˳ŶԷĻתƻ⣬ҶΪֱ֤һء
֪ˣǺáץסֱȥֹΪϽ˯ɣҪгŵĺ
ҶʵʵűǺñӣתͷһۣԥ£ٵллĻ
ÿͨ棬Ҫչӣ϶Ǽ˯ʱ仭ģôϸ£Ҳ֪˶á
л־òڣ˻ػ˸ĵ˾䡰
Կ߱¡˺ܾãֱԷԽԽ¶Цݣ۾
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39 
˯ʱԾǰеأĸоһ˲ΪԼûѡ
üۣ̫ѨЩĻ̧£ͷʱͿһë޵ķ
㶣尢ޣҶ˯һ˴ſؿ˯˭Զ
˯ǰǳӺӣҲ֪ʲôʱģֱҲűӰϡ
εɻͷϣţЩ谵ֲʱ䣬Աߵֻۣչ㡣
ֳҪܣߵҪţѾʰʰԸ͵˾ͽˡ
ֻŻȥͷ֪޾ˣԥŸôûãͷ϶ԷֻȴӦ趨õӡ
ǰԴ£Էüת˷򣬲ĵĲ˲䣬Ų۾
ԭ˯ѵʱӣĹ𴽽ǣеɰ
ƽʱס䣬ԷôҪУԼˣΪ˲ԭԼû
ƶ˫۵Ǳ׳ѣ̾˿Ųˬ͵̧ͷЦײš
һʱеΣҶգգ۾ʶԼǻû˯ѣû˵Լȿ˵ˡ
˾Ϳ𴲰ɣ˿ûʱ緹ԺĶըëˡ
ҶȻһѸڴϣ˱ӰԼͷţֻ¶һ˹ޡ
ǰ͵һᣬЩ̤ʵУ߿ãһ룬ĳŴȥϴ񡣡
Ҷͷƿ´ֱ߳䣬İŹϣų˿һͷԻȥô˯Ǹӵģ̫ˣ
ôץǲģճǱߴЩɻĹȥۡ
С࣬ˣ𣿡ڳϵΧȹæŲͷ¶Ц
Եͷ˵Ѿˣʲô
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ϴ꣬صʱѾȫˣ磬Ьܳȥϴӱʲô
֪Ϊղŵ¸еΣЦЦûȥ¹·
·ٳȥʱҶͥΰҲѾϴˣվڲ߰ŰڷŲ;ߣ˵ͷǴк
СʰˣأŴõĶװһۡ

ˡҶϴĻ˯£ûô˼ֱӻڲ£磡
Цŵ磬Ҷͥΰȴü˯ôҲ¸ðȥ·Է
ҶԼ䣬ſ뷴ȱ̺ӣ̧ͷ˰봹ߣĬĬİѻ˻ȥ
Կʱ͵Ǳƽʱ˸ȵ̺ӣֹ˸һִ
̺ӣҶͥΰǿ⣬Ʋ߲ٽѵӣӹӵĶ
翴򻯽һˣЦЦÿ˵˾䡰˳ְµϵĶ
ЦŶͷѽӹĶŵֱߣԷ˿ȣչĹĵģЦЦ
³극ȥҸ־ͻhˡӵ˺͸С߿ڡ
ô죿Ҷ˶̧ͷòһsУסһҪ߰ôɣԶ졣
Ժżٰɣ簲ЦЦ㹤æģҸְҲҪѧУܵ˺ǵĿγ̡
ô˵ҶҲûȰˣĸhһСѧĸʦСѧϣÿܶ˫ݣкܳļڣڹ١
Ϊ˸ٹҲѧУǱߣǺðɣҲҪˣʱٹ
֮ǰְֳܲؼңĸҲĹٵsС
У֪ˣԷɡӦˣ̧̧°ʾԡ
ùͣҶطȥ·԰ʰ꣬ϴڳڷ롣
ҶҶĸʰˣҲûֻһС䡣
ʮӵĸߣæ˵¥£˾ĳѾͣˡ
ϺãӸǻӻ֣磬ҵȲȥ̽Ұ尢ϸ֮ȥǡ
ҶʵҲô㣬û뵽̳Ҳϸĵ뵽ˣнȥͣҲٷģͷӦˡ
λ̫鷳ˣܾĺ⡣
ҸҲģ尢̾ͱܾˡ֪ʲôǰסĸ첲Ǿ͵İɡ
ûپܾˣҶ˳ý²ż
ȳӿԶ忿αϣ˳ȫһλã̾˿
תͷһû˾񣬵ô᲻尢̣
ҲûСҶ򴽣ֻǾðڵʱֵ㣬Ȼܸϰְ죬ô˻еʧ䣬еϧûʱǡ
⼸ƢѾ˺ܶʱ䣬ڻһ̫ǿˣϰʵܺúģú˵Ļôõ
лġԲ֪ôοȻԸʹȻ˶侲Ϊĸ׵´һЩңദʱЩѰӼ׽һŵʱѲӣûϾʱιĸ
Ҷȥĺܿ죬뵽ʱ¾ʱ׿ˣǸרҵˡ
ʱѾʮһˣϸŻص·ϵʱȽ϶ࡣ
SеhеĳֻһСʱ뿪վʱ˵Ѿˡ
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Ҷ绰ӹ˼䣬Ǳ߿ʼߴֻ̨ôҴҽͨ
εĹ֮ǰԵĻױƷֳķ˿һļС
̽еĵǺܿ죬˷ǳרҵûеʱ䣬ȫ̽һСʱҡ
̨µķ˿ص̨ƷƷк˵ĻֱӻصϣҶһ
ʮҵĳԷʱ䣬ʲô˷ֻϵճ̣̽ͷѯ
ƷƷҪԷģʱֻ̫ƾܵϳæһθڶûˣѡԵ㡣
ʱҶֲͷ¶棬룬ѡһҸĿǼмͣٶȿ죬ҲȽƧ
̳ȰŵĹ༯sУ쿪ʼҪһʱ䵽ɵг̣¸ѮҪ¼˵̨ա
ЩæĹͿʼԿǶˣ̧̫ѨߵҪԼֻˢһˢתע
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ĶԷʲôҪ£ֻȥ΢ҳ棬ʾ΢ĶԻ㿪ȴܲ졣
΢ʮʱ򷢵ģһûʲô⣬ѯڲڣ֮ӣֱӽԭ
תͷȥߵˣԷоҲ¶Щɻ顣


40 
ݻҶΪ΢ϵǸ֮ԷϲѯܲܽλͼʦҪɫһƵͼ֮ʱá
ڳϵʱֻ򵥵Ļظһʣûж˵Ǳ߿Ҳڳ緹Ƚʱ䣬ǽʱ˻
˼˵Ǳ߻֧ܷĳͣظԷ̸һ̸߸ϵʽҲԡ
ҶĵһӦʵǾܾ֪Ϊʲô̫ϣҲһӾͲˡ
뷨Ǻ˽ģԷĲŻܵõ˵ܴͣлñ꣬һ£ӦΪԷеˡ
ҪҪݹܾģֻҪ֪ʣµԼǡ
Ҷԥʵ˺̵ܶʱ䣬ڿһ۵ĽµȶʱѾ¸Է˵ˡ
ԱԼҲܾȣ¶ı顣
磬ð˷ܣҲ΢ˣԷ׼ôĵȻôá
ǰѧУʱҲ滭רҵĺȥչоĻЩʦѷɫһЩ˵ζǺܶû취ݣǾûĺá
Ҷ˸߲ҵĵŮӣתߵͷλҪɫںʱãҪȤĻҾͰѵݵϵʽ㣬ϸ̸ԺвҲʳ̽㡣
˵ʱѾûж࿼ǣֱҡҡͷˣֱӰһؾɡ
»Ҷˣɴ۾ȷٿǿǣѵõģݸıҲܷ񡣡
ǰ磬ôõĻܾ㻭ôã˷ѲŻҲʾܲ⣬Ҫ϶붼ʹӦˣ˫գ
ÿǡԿеЦٴκܼᶨҡҡͷʵٻ񣬲ó޷ʤݹ
磬⻰е㷲ֲûǷ̬Ŀɺˣ⻹вó
ЦЦߺˣܰΪദĶ࣬Ƚ˽⣬Ҳ˲ʱ䣬ԱҲ죬һҪûôྫȥ˷ѡ
Ҷ۽޲˲ѹҪĴǣòϣԷܾе㿪ĵģ˵Ըڱ˷Ѿ飬ҾͰˣ
һεõ˿϶Ĵ𸴣ͷֻôʻίĸݽ͹ܾ˶Էεĺ롣
ݱʾеźҲǿȱˣûټ֡
Ա϶ʱʱƳһۣҶϻŻʱķɫǲʶҲͦעĿģ˲ࡣ
˲ܿԷߣԱҲȽְҵûж¶֮뿪ˡ
Կֻʲôæļ˸ǰƣҲںãԷ־ܳԡ
ѾڿеĽʡ룬Լе㲻ְ̫Ҳû취˭ֻԷĻ𽥾ϰչˣԼŴӾͺá
Ҷֻ𿧷Ҫȣߵֹס̧̧°ʾȳԿڶٺȡ
ûм֣˲ӳ棬ߵʣܲʹĴ⣬Ļʦ裬ȫͼֻǲο
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СҪûʲôܴӦģԺܸɴĵͷҲͲˣ򵥻ظרĳԶ
ʮŽһĹصָͷ붯ˣ컹Ҫ賿ϷɻҶ̾˿
հŴ򿪵ԵͷɵЦЦϴϿ˯ɲҪֻˡ
ʱ˻Ҫ߶ҶԹ̧ۿԷͷʾݣջԽȥ
ſڻЬӣתֱֱߣȴ򿪵ȥŷӦԼ˵ķ䡣
еΣô˯һϾͳϰˣ˳ȥļѾ˽Ų
Ҫͷ𣿡Եûж룬˵ŻߣҰϴ衣
ԡҶĻӦ£˵ˡתƵܳ䡣
ԽıӵøͷһۿճһĴ̣ת߳ȥ˸ڡ
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Ǹѱӱȥ̨ϣɹһɹ̫´λ˻á
ٻصʱԡѾ˻ˮԼԷں߸裬ЦЦѱͷشϷź̺á
վֱ壬˳˽ЩҵĴʰ£Ƭջʱ̾ЦĵһʮָմˮĴүֽЩԽԽӦˡ
ôţ˵ķ˳ȥԼݣ˴Ĵ˯Ҳȥϴ衣
·ϣֽӵʱ߶ס֮ǰһãеƷһݡ
ԡԱȴһϴ裬ԡԡҡ
ԡˮûϣվſͣ룬̧ߵϣ᲻أƺû
´ǣϼߵ˼£ˮһϣ˼룬Է̽
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ӦһԴԡԡԡˣҸ͹
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޻沢ûг֣ԡҵֻխխһ㣬̽һˮİֱۣ̯
ԣԡ
˿ڴߴ٣ѸֽԡȥָⲻһСƬƤȵģдʪ⡣
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̧£ҡҡͷֹȥϴ衣
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ҶѾϴˣ·賿Ҫûʱġ
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Ȼǣ꣬ڿ䡣Ҷѿձȷŵһߣ·ӣãѴಿֵûñɣЩˡ
ֻԹİ˶źãʱԷѾϣ䡣
γҪתüУһûsУ·ֺҪע䣬ѾҶˡ
ƵǽǷźãתͷţ̱ҪȥˣסǸҲ㷿ˡ
Զ˶٣ȷʵϣôԼȥã
㲻ڣô㷿䡣Ҷûߵذ壬ʵǸջߴе㲻ڣиոԡ£һʱ̫̤ԷҲ֪ΪʲôЩֵĹǡ
ʧЦ˵˯ʲôýģɵȴ־⻰ĪĲѿڶһһѹ˻ȥҵ͹
˷䣬̧ӣЩ֣Щ׵УʵǾ֮ΪҶ˼û˫֮˵ȻǸͽӡ
ҡͷһЦֻദľ˱˴Ϥϰ˴˴֮磬ϸ΢תѡ
лҪ˵
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41 
һķɣ֮Ǽæµʮ·ݾԺĽ뵽β
µһʥڣܶڸװζɭɭģǽշΧ
ԳʱǺ⣬ѯ֮״˽൱֣񵱾ηΪҪԼɹӣ˲
ԣ˵Ҳ30꣬ôôģܲе˵ĳҶҡͷʵҲֽûȤԷ
˵ǰĳָָ⣬Ǹ·һҲ͵˴ںĶͿˢףżļմѪ
Ҷ˴ǸӣͷЦʵʵ˵е뿴
ȻԲûӭġᡱԼӭˡ
ʥҹֱҶ죬ջص˾Ϣң̳Ⱦ˹Ҹһجġ
չȻ磬̼ҴȶȣٷףҶԼԱڽյʲôģҪеĶࡣ
ڹ˾еĲɷΪѾһˣ˭֪Ӱͻ
ţǷ˿ܶ뿴Ѫװ磬ŷͼƬֱӿֱһֻһСʱܿġ̳Ⱥ˿ڿȣʾԱߵ¼ܡ
Ѿ׼õķװ֮ǰǸԱģʸҪúܶ࣬һͲһλ
ߴһЦҶŤͷɹȥ򴽰Цѹȥ
ʵҲ뿴֣ĿڣڶԷַ¡
Ҷһ£ֱУװˣûڣźõĻױʦˣѳɶ֡
ֵЧǱúúܶ࣬ױʦרҵģûôţƤͰףûжΣױŨһСѬɫͿıȽϺ죬մȾѪ
ԵϣϸϸĴɫЩ̬İףһƫƫ촽죬͸С
ìܵһӾֻ֪ۣúÿ
ʵֻ֤Ҫ˳ĺÿʲô¡ҶԼҲòž³Ķ죬ĺ챦ʯ룬̧ЦЦ
һЦ¶⣬ΣգеɰԶ࿴ۣϵĵͷ
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Ҷйȥ׼ֻǰԾͷߣվھͷŮ˱okƣ˿ʼ
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Ϊֶ࣬ۿʱ䣬ҶÿЦգڳƽĳ˿ʲôıôжȥ飬͡
˿ֱӳٱȽϾãûпۣͻȻ˲̧ͷ̳üÿʲô
Ҷ˸ûµƣָֻЦ˿˵һƬУ˵øգЩĺӾӦô
Ȼˢúܿ죬Թ۵ֻ֪иˣĿǰⲻ˿
ȵֱ̳˳ȥ˷ѣһ#Ҷڷ#ĴȶȺܵͣȥ˿˽龭󲿷۲ŷģ̧۵´βˣץѱĻᡣ
֪ˡҶӦ£תͷʱȴһ˫۾䣬е㲻ڣҸ
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˼ƬwbϣĹǳ׽ˣҶ˸ŶϵҪȥ·
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⵵յֽСƽɫ¼Ƶص㶼˵ɫܺãĿȶȺܸߣҲ˵صľ÷չе㹫档
ĿЩ֮⣬ĿǸǰŸһЩݵصȥ¼ƣܻܿǸȥ㡣
ҶδҲˮӦûʲô⣬̳Ψһĵľһ㣬Ļѳˡ
æҲǽĿ㣬ڻֵͦģʱǷж˵óġ
Ҷٺ£ûѧУǩ˹˾Ȼ֮ΪܣûУûںߺúأϧˣȥӾ
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ҶһۣôĺĺԷЦЦתƻ⣬μα˭
⵵ûй̶MCһ¼ƻһαÿˣһҲһŽĿȶȵˡ
̳ȵıе΢˼ָ
Ҷе죬м죬һȴһǡ·ǲϷŮǣһǰйİ
΢˶üңǰӡھ鳣û˵仰ȴеӡ̣ΪԸŪʪҶˮ
ҪȥߣһҪմˮ̣ҪǶ۶Ӱɡ
ҪĿ¼ĿԲĦǵķ˿սˣʱ¸ɲ̳֪Ƣ¼ƲǸǰһ̶̼СʱܹһҹʱΪʲôĦ̲ס
Ҷֱ̧˸okǲñҸһ顣
̳ȲӦαֳ飬ּռһ룬ʵ˵׼ӻַ뿪


42 
˷ɻܵ¶ȺsҪһ㣬տҲ£ǳǳ˿
غУøɾҲ͸ߵ棬÷ɻƸɢˡ
ҶñӿָǺ棬ͬĵͷĳʪиsв̫һˬһ㡣
ȥʹȡĿѾ˵ˣӺԶ֮ܿķ˿
ʲôĿ鲻Ʒ˿ӻ𣿡ҶüԾѿΪ˱ⲻҪ鷳гֱ˵ġ
λģ̫ˣû취ǳȥʱСĵ㡣󲿷˶ָɨһۺε̾Ϣ
Ȼķ˿Ϊ˷ֹ⣬Ի཭Լ̧黤
Щ˿ע⵽Ǽż²ֻôҶ·øкƬ
ǻ˳ĳȥĿͷȱ͵˵ڻĴͳϡ
λ˵ĻƱĶͬһʱΣֻʼ㲻ͬûһʱ˶ã˵ͿԳˡ
Ŀ¼ƵĵطУǱȽƫƧ壬ȥҪСʱ
˳ѾоĹԱˣһЩҪ¼ƻڵԺ
Ҫ˷ֿģŵһϣѾڣӦ˸絽ˡ
Ƚϻ⽻ȥǴкҽܡ
Ըãܻһ⣬Է̬ҲѺã֮˻
ſλǵĻ⣬ֻʵʱЦŴ𻰣ϵջ졣
˴ʮң⿿һȺˣмλӰΧŵߣƾʣµļλˡ
Ⱥ˺ֳܿмϤףλ߼ģǵľ˸
֮ϵķΧЩˣкºĬһʱ䣬ֱǼ˿ʼ
̸ݶǹԼˣǻവʵʶҫ˽ʶһ£Ų˸ȥ
ԥ£ûйȥԱߣղŴкòͿˣʱ˵࣬̽㶣һǱ߲ܽþͱͨ罻롣
ԶԴ˲ûȤʼշڴ⣬˼ϲ֪ôһȺʶ˴һ᲻ġ
ĿһеĳҪ·ʻСʱм䲢ȫݵģǰθʻڷͣϸʲôġ
˶ӣһߵˣΪ˱鷳ʱͲлˡ
磬ôһѺ𣿡ӭϸ³ˣ³ģûˣҲû˼ʲô
ѺáҶʼ磬˸λʼкûôڡ
ǰλһһŮλԱȫ̶̽Ϸ£˵Ļһ·춼ˣҲ֪ǿʲʡ
λǶǰ۵λãûʲôӴʣµǸŮ˿ڶԷ
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꣬Էֿ»صϣλǶѾˣߣ̫ױϳ
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һǵǶӣǷһԼֻһǶĿҲһֻ۱һֻˡ
˳վھͷ棬Ҫ״γЧԱúãɾŲŴ򿪡
ۣĺð³λŮȥճˣֽн
Ȼǲ귢չͷܺã˾˲عĻᣬӦǺܿ
ż֪ҪԷһ¼Ŀǰͷwb̾ˣûʲôĿ
ķ˿֪ϲԷ׷ױʾϲҲ˵Ľġ
ҲЩг˵ǲȶȳ඼ķ˿˷˼̵սʵ̫󣬽ԡ
ôǲǳ˾Ͳ֪ˣ鿪ʼ˾ûѹ۵˼
֮ľҶǰԱһѾܶԱԣѾ30ˣһֱ²ҲݹĵӰӾ磬ȻǣҲʵԱ
һμαСԲ£ѧűҵưǸԱ
һԸȴСãˬ죬ǻ˶ɡʲôϲ
˶ԱͬȽ϶࣬Ҳ죬صһμͺһʣչֵܡ
žҶϹͷӦǸղſڳ˯ˣͷԼû֡
ھͷץ񣬷ƣһͷôôԣôƯôôޱ߷
Կȫûע⵽ЦˣҲؿڲһͷëʵͦɰġ
ߵλһȻǷʱɹƵˬЦݣʿתǣŮʿ̨ס
лԸºͣϷʱҶϷ࣬㲻죬ߵ˵ͷǴк
˶ھͷǰ񣬸ȥóµɫСһߣеӡ
ĿĹԱǵ˹򿨣ԽӹȥǽĿĻ򣬻¼Ƶķ顣
Ϊƽλ϶ǷֱģʣµˣҶԲ硣
һܿŵľϲ飬ҾȻλƯŮʿһ飬̫ˡ
˶ЦЦպܺãװĿЦ˼ҲƯ𣿡
æİ֣ǵģ˼˵ŮԱƯġ
ǰĽӹѸ٣һƬЦպܿԾ
ֻҶаʲôʲôƫƫֵһ
ֹ֮ǾҪʼɵһ񣬸ݽĿṩϢѰǵסǵԼҿޡ
˵ĵطһҪʤǷܱõĺʴͣõľֻԼˡ
ΨһֻԣǾҲ£Ҷǲһ˶ǳɱ֡
ҪˣҼֱ󡣡Ƕӵˣҡͷ
ʶҶյ̧ӣ˶Ҫûóԡ


43 
˵Ǵ壬ʵֲܴڿĵطվڵƽϸߵλܿȫԶĺڣǳƯ
Ŀĺܻѡأɳһչʾǰ֪ж
λαȴûκ˼ԱͼֽϵλסֻǲϤҪ׼·ͦѵġ
·ļǺĵĸָ·ǺĲף˰Ÿ㶮˷˲ʱ䣬صڵλûе롣
һܰɡҶ飬һĽȲ֪ôһ̵ģ϶ˡ
ôϲסеԥŮ˵ȻҪһ㣬Ȼֻһӣͺţ·㲻ƽ϶ܡ
࣬ǸǿҲϸûġ
ҶɴİԼСƸŮӹĴӣˣ߰ɡ
˵Ҳٿڣͳָķܣĸȥ
¼ֽĿ϶ֵܱùڽﲻԸҲֻܸһ
ǸŹԱıȽԶ㣬Ǳ߼ӿٶȣǲż
û뵽绹ͦġԶԶܿڵһˣЦеֻҪ
ӦǵҪԴЦЦԼҾˣȫǰ󣬶ٻеΡ
Ŭ˾ͻлرҲһʵڲó·ǾȻһҶԵطȻ˶ĸһ
ʵĿûΪǣ涼ģҲҺúܶ࣬Ǻܺñϵġ
סޣӸ˶㣬ܹĸ෿䣬סһ¥ģ಻̫š
һ࣬˵룬ʵúֻܽǽĿǲͬ·ߡ
Աͳһסޣ˱Ƚ϶࣬ûôޣеֱӰŽסһ䡣
羰ãҲḻܹԼץ̺ʵȤͬȻ⣬ֻûܶ˲֪
˴ģ޻ûܷչνĿԴĻԺӦþͻҲһرгѹۡ
ŵĵط˸ǻˣп޷䣬ֻҪס
סһ䷿Ͳ࣬ԸҲദͦ졣
ľ˺ǵסģԺһλֵһ𣬸Ǹ۸ڶľ˲һǸͦˣ࣬һҲụš
䲻󣬻þ߶Уŵ˴ֱǽţмһҵľ룬֮⻹йӸΨһһûǱ߷ûе䣬ֻÿһõġ
ֻסһϣԵ·ҳˣֱӰƵ˴βλã谭ǵĻռ䡣
ȥңȹţǸСһ𣬺ȥǱߡ
ʱֻϸպյҶϢѯԼֻǲ
ԻظϵıȥԷסĵطǸûңһ˳ŵʱǸˣһŮ
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һ˵ľ˾ǲһͬݵǸСֹһ䣬ȴе̡
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άЦû䣬ɫĲ˲۵¶һЩͷɴ˸Զз˳ױַܿŵԱߵ·Ǹйͣ
ҶЦܿĹ˶԰ɣ¶΢Ц˵Ŭ
ҶʦͲҪǫˣҲҪллءԱ̽ͷΪ˸˵м˽˵㡣
ҾͲˡҶ΢Цͷȥз²һһ׷˵¡
˵һڣǳԳԺȺ˳ļеûģտȥǳ죬ٱϿġ
ҶθƽʱٳԣʼзҲֻǼ˼ֻϺ϶Բˣ̳Ķζļɿڡ
ͣһСʱĵʱ䣬ԱǳԸϢһ£ϺĻ


44 
һжģûбĿ񵽵ĺΪϵͣơ
ǣǵӦõĺɣں߼ϵʱԶԶ֣ӭȥ̾ϢҵȺĽ
磬˰ϷˡദԻˣԲ¸Цŵ٩
ȣɤⲻǻԾ¶ء
һһֱЦŵ縧˸紵ҵͷǶڣպܺãûкܻҡ
Ǿͺã߳Էʱ򻹵ءͷ˵ʱͷеƤ
ҶһԲģò罻ֳ˳㻹˸ȱеСͰ
ͷע⵽һĻЦЦ֪ڿ϶²ģֻϽʼ¡
ҶȷʵôģֽҲյһ֣ҲûȥϣԼĬĬļҵȤԽԽԶˡ
ʱ˳ĺʯͷһЩСзȱʲôĻ棬еʯͷϻű㣬ֻǸͷ
Ҷʦز㲻ô
ԵĺҶ̧ͷһŷԼѾǺüԶˣֻиеݣԷҲû֡
ɴվػĿ鲻ǱǿԼȰиɾ
Ŷôȣô㣿˵ŻѾǰͣ¡
ȻǱ˭ҵĶ࣬ҶλͰξͲˣ˵ģˡڼλαְҵѡһ磬Ǹ֣裬ǼԱ˳裬λݶϷ԰ɣ
е˼ִ̧°ͣŤͷˣǾôҪҪ棿
ԲͬҾûʲô⣬ǻŶӺɷֳ飬˾һܳͷǳ軹Ϸһ˼
˵Ҳе˶飬Ҷ뵥ɣҲ̫ȺֻεӦˡ
ĿԴ˵ȻּɣûиĶȤζԣڿ϶ϲȥˡ
λһľ˵ԼóھͷüͷšܴᣬдҶû¡
һ˵һ뿴䡣ôãԷ̨ϵıݴվ׮żбȽ˵ĸҲλΡ
˾Ҳûǹⷽ棬ǰɣҶЭԾͲ̫ãԴҲûȤЧǲǿ⡣
ԿһۣתѾʼæˣĬЦЦʵ󲻳Էʲôӡ
˴ȥг̵ʱ򿴹Σǰ֪ĲͬƷֻ̫࣬úһַŵ϶̫ʡ
һһӮôɾˣһʱúõл˾˭Ҳ뵽ʱ˳
ѽ
ԱߴһУҶתͷȥԭǽ˿ʯͷһСзŵ˼Ҳıܿòƹе˾û°ɡ
ٶԱһץֻзҫԲ£Ҷ̾˿˵Ҹİɣ黹ü
ԷҲ̫УŵMVҵԼľͷչʾٶһӾˡ
ôʤģҶôοԼٹעԼĿӶѣר־Ҷ
ԽˮĵطԽܼͷҲ󣬾ͷʱʱĴױʪνôܱСѱˡ
ҶͰʯͷܿʪĵطӰʦŻߣͣԶģҵ˺ü࣬װͰһʯͷ
ҶʦСһ㣡ԶĽע⵽ߣӻֺһ
Ҷһ½ŵһͨ͵ʯͷ֮ˮ˾໰²ôܸˮȥǲˮ棡
ˤΧ˶һ׷û£ֻ̧˻ӣʯͷȥ
Ը߻һ£Ѿ˽ҲúõվŲŷģûйȥĿҡ
ոʯͷϲȥʱҾ£Һûʲô¡ؿڣȻɵ˵˵ȫǴʯͷĵĶô졣
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ҶʦҲ̫ƴˣô谡˺úõû£˿Ц˼
ǿɲǣ֫Эʱ󡣡Ҷ˳ĻأЦҲڴʦ谡
ҳħ㵽ʱɱڣԹһЦļֵ֮ǱȥǱˣʯͷˮ壬̫ʪˡ
ǰǾҵСİɡͷͣڶ·ϵˮϽȥһ
ҶЦӦˣΧļαɢ˼¼ƣʰþ͹·ߣʱûȥ
ҿ촩׳סƨɣûŪʪ·ӣֻ׸ʪһƬ
Կ߹°˴һۣȷûˣֽѾ׽ס
ȥһɡ䣬ֻһԲ쳤Tð
Ƕ˷ʱ䣬϶䶨ˣҲ䣬˵ɡҶ붼û;ܾı˶Ρ
ԵûȰ׵ݸţԼϵĻɫ޴¸ϣȴҵġ
ס·ϻ˵¶ȣһ¾赲ʪĺ磬Ҷ˶٣ָ·ô죿
ҿԻȥ·ȥ¼ơԶЦЦ
˴ͦεվѾˣڴһڳ°ͬɫпԵüϸȳһЦºͣԱ߼˿ŮĹԱҲԾ࿴ۡ
ҶҲЩƵˣ˺üŻЩεĿǺðɣϽȥ·ʱðҡ
˵ŻѸ첲µ˵·˺ܶ࣬Լ178Է185ʵ˲ʮ֣Ͳס˹Ǽܴм⣬״ϾͿյģϥǵĳڽӽСȡ
·תܿˣ˵ĻᣬԿ׹סӰ۵ЦŨ
ҶŲ·񺣲ƱҪԼµĽȸϻ
ðϣתͷ񾲵ЦЦͦչˡ
û뵽ᱻҶ£òԵĻ˸Цʦߵľ˺Ҳͦõġ
һתͷղŹĵطֵۣߡ
Ůգգ۾˸ЦҶֻܼϵ΢ЦֶԷôͻȻ
ʵ֮ǰϷʱҾйע˧ϸģ翴üë͵͡
ҶĶһ٣ǳ̧ͷһʱ䲻ȷǲڿЦ
ŵˣŴЦ˧˭ֻͣĽи˧ůڡ
ҶЦЦղŲı㶪ͰĵǼһɲůУϰ߸ͷһദ˲֪ж﷦ζ
ȥǱ߿һԶӻ֣߿
ҶɵĿԶתͷ򻹴ųվˣ΢΢۾Īˬĵзóֻ߷ߵĴ֡
ԷڿڴֻһͳյһwxϢ
Ҷӣȥ·
ܲü̧ͷȥԶˣԷûпСŬһ˵ߣЦЦŤͷкת뿪˳״ߡ


45 
ҶĹʱȥĺܿ죬֪ͻСʱջķᣬͰﶼвٶ
Ŀǰҵĺ࣬ƷҲͦḻĻ̫鷳ˣ㡣
ں߳أ»ȥҶסĵطϣǼҵԺӱȽϴ󣬷¼ơ
æ˰죬αǶۣҪһֱƵеۣԭؼ򵥻һ£Ǳߡ
Ӱʦʱûôˣһʱ䡣
˼׵Կ߹¶Цݣû뵽ͣǰȴǱˡ
Ըƿˮ𣿡ĶӹȥϵףЦЦ
еĶüң˳ŶԷʾ⿴۽űߣȷʵż𿪵ĿȪˮһƿݹȥ
紹ȴûнӣ̧ЦŮӵˮӦš𣿡
һҵСҪҲûоܾšȪˮӣֵݻȥʦ롣
ҶÿһĻŮվһͦгһƯŮ˻ͦڵģϰ嶼ˡ
Ů˰ˮӹȥ˿ڣ˵˾ʲôĵͦ죬˹߳Цݣξе㰭ۡ
߹ȥˡһջͰ˳̽ȥÿȪˮûƿӣȱסûתͷˮã
ͻȻĻƢ㶣Ŵˣû⣬վֱӴ²ܴĿڴóԷıӣšݹȥȪˮ̫ˣ
ݵǰˮðҶǿһ㣬ӹ˼ڣûԶٶθ˺ܶࡣ
翴ǻ̸ĬĬÿȪˮձߵķ˿𵽶󣬡ϰ΢
ӦġòЦЦˮšϣ۲ۣ֮ǰˤһϻûʹ
ɨһۣ΢Ц˵ȥҾˣ뿪ǰһòЦĻԺˣҲȱڡ
ȥڽǰֱԶ˽Ÿҿ²ۣ̾Ů£һջüô磬λȫŮûкĶ
ԶԴֻЦЦû˵ߴĺܺãܶԷ滹Цԣ޸ɡ
˵ҶȴĬˣߵĥĥغһԭϲ͵ġ
Բ֪Ľۣݹȥһɻ飬Էȴûٶ˵Ͱϣת̤ˣԽĪ
ôøľжϣԭǡ°ͣתͷ۾ովȻûڷϣĬˡ
ûĬϡԼʶԼղһԲȷʵ
СͰ첽׷ȥȵ˾룬ıӰϹûԼ·һȦʣеЦƢĺӡ
ŲߣЦ⣬۾ᡣ
סùҶеθϺܲҵˣŲСͰ
ûϵڲҪġԴ˱Ƚֹۣοǡ
Ҷ̾˿ôСͰֻ֮һ治֪Сʱڸ
ŮҲˣộȻҲֻһ㣬ٵҲСͰ
ҪҶŲԸ־˼ͰǴŻøң̾˿Ϊʲôһʱ
ûڲ룡Ժܻ˵ֵ׼ýܳͷҺڴ
Ըķ䡣Ҷ֮ǰ˵õģϷ衣
û˼ŶӵĳͷҪŶԲ¿ֲ´󣬡һһϷһ裬žʡ
ƽþͲ˵ˣǸ֣Ϸ裬˫ͷˡҶʾܾ
Ҷʦǫ˲ǣҿ֪ǰʱϷԿɲŹʤлȨ
֤ϵľ֡
Ҷƿԣһ˵ˣҲ˵æһ£ۡ
ôľˣʱϰȵǰұݡ
ȻԼǱȥˣһͳһҴ
ҶûмŻط䣬Ժ̽ϱݵ£һѡٿʼжӰʦҲΧԱߡ
ϷĻѡɣһֱżŮǣŮĵסգ͵һԼż񣬡ǰ𣿡
д˽ӣҶֱӵתߣöɫľˣΪ˱ⱻȶȳcpԷ϶ܾġ
ȻЦҡҡͷգݾû˼ˣǶרҵģϲܸʣҲ¡
ǲǱӣҶǺͬģ˾ݵĻܺҪڸݼʲôģǿһ㡣
һ㰥е㲻ģҪͯ£Կһ㣬ҲܴﵽϲЧ˯ôǰӣ뿴
ֻһŮӣ˭˯˲Զ԰֪ػ·ˣҶ²ۣ֪λôܾ
ðܳϵģȻͬˣܶѾȻϲ飬ԼѿɫֽӵΪϲЧŨңί˯˰ɡ
ԹȺҶʾɲأ˳ǣơĵҾò̫ʣһҪ裬Ϸǡ
Ҳ̫ãԥ˵Ҳá
ûŮĸǶҪҸϷݶ࣬˯ֻֻбѺһӦǳоݣ󻹲һ䣬ֶѣ̫档


ͬ⣬žͷʵڲþܾˣ޷
Բ̫˵˯ʲô£ֻ˺ҪҶңƯҲ֡
ˣҲܿ裬ܿŮװǵ۶ԷĵҪҵʱһ¼̽㡣
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Ҷ֪ǸõͷǸҡͷǱѾöԷֻƵЧˣ̻ǲ죬ʦҲҪġ
ͲżصԸȵŮ裡
ûϵŮӹֻƵߵҿĸ˧һѶȱȽϸߵɶվcλǲһҲûϵ
Է˵껹ֻתҶݣɰŮһèèצĶס뷭۵ĳ嶯Ǻ
Ҷʦ֪еΪ㣬ϵɵ赸ˣôʱѧᣬʱǸֽĿҿĿľͺˡɫе㽩Ӳļ
ԴҶ˵ЩʲôأѾˣⳡıԼ
ıʱ̫޿λ̲סЦͷ£æס
Ǿôľˡ֣վʱ䲻ˣץɣȴ赸ʼ
Ϊ˱ظеϽǾط氲װҲͷĿˬĴӦˣȲʱõķһ¿϶Ȥ
ķ΢һ㣬㶨Ƕȥǰקס˼䣬עʲôġ
ǻȥϢһ°ɣ֮Ҫһֱϰûʲô¡Ҷϵˣٹ
áԽӹ׵ͷֲһ䣬̫ǿ
ҶǷǳǿѾ˻ôأ̾һҴҪ뿪ˡ
ԲǺ˵ʲôԱߵĽȴЦҲôۣΪ
˺ܾõҶڽ۷ӻǸϽߣñˡ


46 
ɫʱԺĹԱæŵԵƹ⣬װ˺ܶŮƣһһĺзΧ
ҹպƯܼĹ棬ΧŰԲһ־յѾܾûпȻҹɫˡ
СԺſڣ΢ͷ۾ҲǺӣҲϲ췱ǣܾߵ̴ӾͻȰȥưܵܲסҹﺮķ硣
ʱֻ֪ЩǺңԶԶ޷֪֮һЩ¡
˼˳ƬǿΪ棬סطеԲεģ̤ǿյķ
˵ǻ޾епԼܹػһǺˣԼʶ޷
磬һվʲôԺ￴ð춼ûЩĴ
Ա˼ջ߿ЦЦǺƯ࿴һ
ﻷãܼǺܶ࣬ôƯҹˡҲѧӿſϣ̾һ䡣
Ǵ˼䷢չ˵ı׶˰ɣܲȫԲٿתԺȥȥɣӦҲˡ
˵ʦĿҪٷˣ̫ڴµıˡֵߵߵĸ
ҡͷ⻰Ҫָˡ
ڲǲٺ١ô˵е˵ӣƳһ¥ϵλá
ǻûȵߵһαȵˣԼǻû׼ãЦ˰ɡ
Ա˵ͣ£ӦҲ̫ˡ
ͣô󣿡ԵĺһӱˣҲһ¶ѡ
ϢԸ֪ͨĻҲ˵Բ˸Ķ
û䣬ĿǱ߿ʼ׼λ֪ͨ׼ǱѾҪˡ
ȴ¥ݿڳǴ˿ʰ׳ͷȫȥץ˸ͣԽͼ˧ݿžӣŽĿӴСϽ
һ֣Դͷ˺ܸӵĹơ
Ѿ裬Цų˸ŵվֱʿʾ¥ݿڡ
ڶǽݵŮĸҲ̫ʵ·˰ë£洩ɫȹӣͷ˾õҲǴӴС̵Ůϱͬһ׵ĺҲô˼
չ˫ۣǰ˸ܻõͷϷˣСǡ
Ļºð죬¥ݿﶼûжɤӣҶʦ߰
Ե߸ŶѾԷж಻Ըˣ˵ˣЦЦܿȴס
ɫĳȹȵϥ·һ㣬¶СȰ𪣬׺ϸһ˫СЬ
ƫɫľǰҲ߼ˮɵͷĵ˵СеΣܿҵߣëӦǼйܾ̣΢Ĵܺ죬֪ͿʲôеˮԵƤԽİ׾
ҶʦԺܿŵĽӿڴͳֻܸ㽻ϵʽ𣿡
ҵģЩŮԿԲסĪ˷ܡ
ǵԻ񣬲֪ΪʲôЩڵĲ˲ܿתȥĬŰϸһ顣
ĹǼܲ־£װɹҵģΥͣĪеʣᶯ˶
ꡱϸ΢ĶתͷֻĶĻͷ
Եڴָֻȴûó
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ֱӾʼˣҲٶ˵ҺԼվλɤӡ
ŶҵĹһԱߣŵ˷ŵķǻΧŷЦ
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˼Ǹ˼ڣ粽ߵԱߣ΢΢ˣĹ£
Ӣӣȹ𣿡ϲĿӭߡ
ӶĶ԰ףķǻóֺЦΧȺƵĵĲֺ
죬ӵ£氮֮ǻѹɡ
ĸü΢΢һŶԷΡ顱ע˫Ŀյˡ
ҵĹҪģһǻ㡣
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ÿҶװ˲۽ޣ۾ã˼룬ͶԷӶЦ
䵱һµݵĽɫװģԱ֡
ΧϵһƬԽãЦ²۵ԱŲףûë
ҶʱЦմվҶȫûһۣ
ѽ˸ָʦݡ
ԲЦһ£ԸݹʦҪǡ
࿪˼ЦǾʱͣѯǲǻ赸ûɡ
ҶֻȹӣѾˣҲ˲ΣϽͷȥ·
֮ǰźõվΣվcλԱæ֣ǰһ죬̧ͷǰ˸ġ
֮ĹҶٻ룬ʾʧ䣬ֻǵö˼ζǿŪȥˣǸɰ赸żҲܴȡ
мɨվȺеˣεЩȣŻŵľͱܿˣٿڶۡ
֮ҶֻԭڸӽԼԵ٩Ҫpickڰ־ˣͲԸٶһ롣
ԿӰʧ¥ݿڣתͷֻζĽ˵һܿͷȥ
¥ͣڷſڣ̧ߵߵ洫еҵѯҡ
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û룬ջȥ䣬û˷ŹϣŤͷʱȴס
ҶļٷѾȡˣĶ̷ģױЩĪľ¡
ԽԭصȴЩǶԷϵȹҪʲʣ¶˴˵ֱǰ汧ţǰҲҪ¶һƬ
ʶȥļͷиסŷģƳۣϵҲȡûֱӶԷʲô𣿡
Ȼ䡭ҶƲƲ죬תʾȹסѲˡ
ô˵Բתͷڱȹӿȷʵͣڲϲµλã¶Ƥ˼Ƥ
յǿŵģֻıôûůְţ϶ǻ䡣
ʲôӵòǰȥæָƤʱ£ԷƺҲڣ΢΢һ
ͣͣͲԥԱߵĲϣʹקסĿͷ˿
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Ҷͬû׼ȹӼҪϵȥϽæҵıסûֱӻ䵽ϡ
ֿʼÿˣ̧ڶԷѴһ·ϻͣ޳ĺ󾱣ְ˽·
ǴʱľܹܽŵԷȹЩˮζü·Ӧǽģһ㣬Ǽȴǿܴȹӡ
Բ˵㣬ᵽһЩԷϱԡ¶ζ⣬΢ͷ˶λ£ڵܳʱ˭ģ
˵ʱϢҶĶϣžǲ֪ʲôʱôˣЩţЩţ˵Ŀİģʲʲô˭Լģʱûס
ЦЦܺã΢΢Ķͷչȥ
ϢҶĪһţ˲ʲôק·Աߵ顱һš
һգԱԭأŵĶ¶Щ졣
ˣͷԼԭ֣Ǽ񻹲ϵζͻת䣬ְԼĶͷϣǰֹУֱǸͽӡ
ܵüܽԼʧ̬˲ŵʲô֪ǲ˶Է죬תͷ򴽣̧ȴӷȥˣĺϡ
лҪ˵
Ͽˣ


47 
͵Ĳ֣ͿԸһˣ֮ÿαиԵıɣԼǱ¼
ǰĿ֪̣ͨ𣬴Ҫ洬ȥƽʱ
ľ˲̫⣬ĻĵҪ𴲣̫˻Ӱ״̬ĿЭܲһ㡣
ĿΪѣǸݴʱ䶨г̣ȥʱͿգʱֱ͵ϣԴάơ
ǸĵĻĳͲʵˣҲô˻һĺϵճǺƯľɫ˷ǳϧ
Ǳû취ǿӲĿܻҲһ߼α̫ѿûкô
˰г̵Ҳûиı䣬ĵ׼ʱ洬ȥ̫಻㣬ξ˸ǾͲøȥˣСʱ߰˵Ҿܻ
ԺɢɢԻȥϢҶһɣҪȵģӻָϻȥ˵ŮӱܰҹƤ
˵ƳˣΪ֮ǰ£е㲻ڣҲȥɣҵ±˯ˡ
û˵ʲôֻϢԷӦһǿߣԼת¥ˡ
һסСպҲҪˣſǱߺǣǸദľû֪ȥԼ˱˻ˡ
Ȼȥɣһе¡ָ̧ʾ£ͷߡ
еɻֻΪҪҶ˵ʲôû׷ʣȥ·Сĵ㡣
Ŀ˳뿪ȥ޵ˣҪһ³ԷˬӦˣҪԶĻòðæ
лԷĺ⣬ԼȥԺнϤĹԱڸкҲûô
Խ˳··ʳģʾӶֻ࣬ЩñϺʣû˼Ѹˡ
ҶθòܶԺʣ췹ûгԼڣ˯ˣҹ϶Ҫθۡ
ʹԱÿ˵ıʱʮӣȥһˣ֮һ׼ãǱ߲棬걸ɽ
Ľ˲࣬˹ģϴ˺ϸÿҶƬҪܱԷ²϶ǿ֢
ϴɾƤϻʮ֣ÿˮһ½ƤѧģΪҶϲѵζƤȥƤĽѧƵ
ܾԺܻΪ΢̳֣̾ζҲ࣬ʱʲôԵľͻԼƵɴԼңֻ
ʵѧôֻΪǰ˶ʮһ궼žԶҳĹأŶδ̤
Ҳ˼֮Լһ£һЩ漼ܣҶָʹͻͽ
˺ɰˮϺ챸ãʱ棬ڼ򵥷˵ζ
ˣͳֻ˷΢ûУԷصĺܿ죬˸ֹ
Իظֻ֮ſҷڽ۵Σȥ
Ҷƶʱ˽һСϣʳζŵûٴĶӶˡ
Զ̧ۿһ¿ǱߵСӡ
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ðѬҶ۾е㷢ᣬĵôǵһЩ޹ؽҪС£
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ȻѾ̳ȵĽ飬Ƣ˺̣ܶ࣬ǸҶദʱӲ
ʱջ֣˾жջ̳ûٸִʱеҲΪ
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ļԼ£յҪ̺ӣúóԷܺˮȵȣ̽ȰһֱӾˣҪƢʱºͺ͵ĽͣԼĪˣԹ˻
ڣҶѾϰ˱ܣСʱ򱻸ĸһΪǶΪԼá
ǲףΪʲôҪԼôãͳһһӦġ
û뵽ôʣ΢£ЦΪϰ壬ҵŬܱס
Ҷ֪ڴʲôһӳȥһ棬ĵǹ˾͵ģ˾㷢ʣҪֺҲֺϰ壡
ԵӶ˱ˮֱߣҪǲҪˣ˾Ҳҡ
Ҷһĵʶ֪࣬˭ϴ󣬳Ķȿˮʲôָĵʲô׳֦ԸƸ𡣡
һʱû˵ʲô˼¶һɻı飬Էһûлشϸ˼һ£ͻȻϺʱ飬ʧЦʦôȱأֻ˵Ц
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û뵽˽»ĵԼģǺܲԼڽǣԱʾ޹ҲҪҰ
ҶһϵôأΪеˣ㲻ҲµȥʱŮߣ˼Ҹ̺ӣ˼ҵˮϸ˼棬࿪ġ
˵һʹһ룬ģȴǴＷġ
ķǵ̫ɰûסͷЦ̧۵ʱԷĥЦѹȥ㵣ۣ
ģ˵ʲôЦʲôõĵģұͲҪڣҲҪʲôûܶģҲ֪жɣҶǱʲô˵־Լ̫ɴͷ档
ԷֻһͷԱ߻мͷţһǿ֧°ЦģҲۡ
㰮Ҷ̧ͷȴڶʢЦ۾ʱסһʱԼƺУſӵֽ˽࿪ۣȥ
棬ԷҲû˵ܰһЩԱ߶æµ
һ˵ףҶ¿ӣӹ˵ֽ죬ˮԥһܸߣҲᡭչ𣿡
Ҳ֪ΪʲôǺ£˵õϣܰһ
ᡣԵǺܸɴҡҡͷۿŶԷɫһЩֵʦӦòô鷳ʲô¶Ҫ˶ŲС
ԣҶһӣ죬æתͷ棬ûо˲ŷģֵǲң
ְըëˣԼþգ˳һ˳Ȼǣҵ˼Ҳڡ
ҶɨȷƭԼǿŹһΣһǣҪȥϴ˯ˣûҲϽȥ
תʱסȵ˻ͷȴֲ֪ԼΪʲôס㡭
˰ҲûģҶüͷĵ¾˵ԥԥĸʲô
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֪ˣѾ˵һˡҶڰ֣˾ת뿪
Ӱʧ⣬Իûжã̾˿һ£뿪귿ʱ
Ҷ׽봥
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㲻Ҫˣϣ


48 
ֻյϢһ£ż̵죬Դ˯ѹһ˲ãȻ
ŤͷڵĴɫûȫԱߴϵ˯㣬ûһ¡
̧¶ͷֻһҶոշϢʾһƵɨһʱ䣬ʮ֣ô磿
ɻ򿪣ĻеĻ¶Ц⣬ǺϵճԷӦվڴͷĵģҰûʲôϰֻԶ̽ůɫһһֱա
âںϲԣůɫƵܰӦǶԷΪרճ
԰Ƶŷ£ںϿߵȸԾûóֻ
һ𿴾ͺˣԷ᲻һôأЦ˻˸Ϣȥ
㣺
һǱ߲֪ǲæȥʮӶûлأɴֻȥϴȻˣó
Ŵ˶»ϣûоѣϴƷȥ䣬¶еܺá
ˢϴѻ˯챼һȷʵۣڵãҲҪ˯˸Ŀ鹤Աȷʵͦࡣ
ȿֻǱ߸Ϣ̵㿪
Ҷӣˣ
ҶӣǷˡ
ѾҪ۷Ϊûô죬Ŀ˼Ҫ˵أѯһ䣬Ǳû˶
ֲˣֻװڴ˶ʮԳվȥܲ˳ԵͷǱ߽һˡ
ŵʱѾˣܹ̫ʱ仹Ǻº͵Ĺߡ
̧۾ϿһӭⱣܶĹȽæĻҪɣѾһʱûܺú˶ˣ΢Գʲôġ
ҪĶ磬ܲ;ü֪ǸŽĿģĸк
ЦһһòĻӦУ˻ȥ֮ͣԷлҲΪЩĺܺá
ܲ;оĵط඼Ưʱ΢ͣһͣһ£̾Ŀȷʵܻѡط
Χ˶ʮңʱͷǱȥʹĿ飬洬ĵطȥŰСʱͷȥӦòˡ
طʱЩȣкöĿĹԱ֣ǿ϶Ҫǰ׼㣬ֵȺﻹдŰ״ӵҽԱȺӵǰ档
о̫ãȥ˸˵ĹԱѯʣԷҲǺֻ֪мαδأµĺеӰʦ֪ͨ˵ѾеˮˣʱҪιȥ
Ŀڶʱһæ׷λα˻ûüشǰɧˡ
վȺʱû취ֻ̫ǰ˺ҽȥλƺѾ
ںңǰֶȺʼֿһλȽϸ׳ĹԱǰ棬ҽࡣ
Щ԰׵˿˸ÿλá
ԣ
Ϥɻתͷȥúõվƺ⡣
ҶߵĽ˸кȸԱȥԼǱ߹ȥô
߹ʱԽ´˼飬ȷö˶˵ʲô¶ûвŷģյϢųһ˳㣬ô£
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ʱԷɫ׵ˣε۾ĿҲŵùǺ³ʲôô
һˣҽղ˵ҪȹˮϢһӦǲʲôġҶ˳̾˿δžܡ
δγëǵʱʱˣָͲˣҪ̫ġ
û¾ͺáԵͷִָ£ģ䣿
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ǸϿȥȵˮɣȥûˮɨȦʲôûС
ѵʱԺԴµģﻹǵҶֳڴ
û˵ʲôӿ˽Ųȥ·Ͽľˣ·еңһҴҵǱȥ
ҽǱ߼򵥵һЩҩƷ඼дС⣬ȥϢ˳ҺͿˣûҽԺܵıҪ
ȥʱҸߵĽĿԱ׼ͣˮ󵰻ף˺ܶ࣬ҪԵĻԼȥװͿˡ
طţ°ѳԵȥԷڰ˵Ժԣã滹Σﲻ㡣
û֣˵žԼȥ˳滹мԱڣһװ׼һ
ȥʱҲˣҶ߸˵ȥʱԷк
԰װʳŵǰһ磬ҪҪͣԼá
æڰ˵ԼСܽ˳Ҳȥִһݻ
һڵҶںϱߵȺͻˣϵθڲûԣֻѼˣࡰְ֡ļ¡
ʵڳԲҲûٱ̫ҲãԼûǸ׽ˡ
ʦһʱָ¼ô죿Աʰ꣬Ķ
ǵ֮ǷüСϷ˫˺Ҳ˺˸˲ǳԿ
ԷȻŮӣԲʺܺãճǻ˶ܵɸá
ʣµ˶񾭶㲻ϺãȻΪƽʱҲͱͨŮǿһ㡣
Ҷʼ磬ĿӦûᰲţô๤ԱأһȶӦûɡ
˵ҲǣǽĿҪĵ£ܻ취ġ
˵һӺϻˣ˰СʱԷʱ䣬ϷҪǰѡõĺ̲Ǳ߽С
ڳ֮ǰĿĵҶǣѯԸԸ
ҪʱλãҶĵɴۣʶߵˣΪҪҹԱġ
ԱҲȫû뵽һۣûżӦ
ԣãҲϾվһгĿЧ϶õġ˰æݺģϸǽͣоǼϷٲһЩӴ˱һģʦŮǰǿܶһ㣬ټһҪ󣬺ܶʱҪһϣȽϤܱȹԱĬڶ԰ɣ
ô˵û˵ˣҲĹΧ֮ڣҶеԥ
ԣû⡣ԿһֱۣӶԵݵͷ
Էܸˣ˵׼һ£ȻԱʮԺͳȥ̲
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Ҷûô˸߲ңѯһ飬ȷɲʲô£һһҪŴһÿܾҪЩ˿ɲ˧˧ûôѺõġ
ûϵ֪ԶЦЦֻʱѣûжپͷûȶȡ
ô˵ҶҲûʲôȰˣͷȥ


49 
Ŀѡĺ̲Ǳ˶ϲĵط֮ǰϺﲻһ߶ǵϸɳԶһɫγƯ
ټããǲֳ¶ȣֻĻ棬ļȼٵĺ
αǹϵʱ̲ס̾˷ܣҪǴĺж䣬Ȧ
ϧûԼڣˡԲ¿Զߵ˻˸еź
ԼһӰʦҲһЩԤƬļزģÿ˶¼һСΣĵָ֮ϡ
굼ټ¼ϣ򵥽ܽıϷʲôϷܶﶼϹ
ȻǱ϶нͷβˣðգʲôӮ˵㡣
ô˵ҿɾˣһ飬϶Ҫģɲһ⡣
ҶʱԶµ֮ǰѾˣ·ϵʱԻ²˵ġ
һ㣬ⳡҪʲôȰѶΨһŮӽɳˣҶһһɳŮӡ
²һڣһĽšҶϵýϵĲʱŮԷͷӦˡ
ۣҲû˵ʲôûԷ¾ͲǺܸߣϡ
Ŀ鼸ӵʱϰӦ˾ǲվã˭쵽յ˭ӮӲɲܵ
Ҷֱ໥§һŮӣסСۣ֫Ӵ
һ죬鼸ͬʱ˳ȥǰٶȼƽжεʱһģ౻ң˲ˤˣ΢Ĳϧܡ
԰ǣź죡ĸǹơ
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ڶѽֵϷСҵۡа˼Сӣëߣһαһ˵İ۾ɱϵļαָ·Դ߳õߵӮ
ǱҲԻ磬ԲǱԾԾԵս
Աݹ׼õ֣ǿͨͼԽӹǰԣȫϾۺڡ
֣²Ҫңѷϸż˿ܸ׳
Ҷͷ˵˾֪Ǳߺ׼˴֣ת΢ԥ£Һصġ
ǰһƬڵЦЦûжء
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ϴһ˫֣Էһ䣬һأֱԵĺ󱳣ֱסĴȣϵ˵ߣϵҲƵǰ滷סţǸʱһ㣬ʱιúܺá
˵ĺ󱳺ܿȣΪж㣬ԷĻ˶£׵ӺܵҶղҲѺˣֻ£ܸоԷϵ¶ȡ
˵΢ս˵㣬ԼЩĪȡ
ǶҪŶߵߣŴ˵СĲҪˡ
Ծ۾Ҳֱ࣬ӵʦǼͿԣ־˰ɣҪŶӾ񣡡
תķ򶼲ԣЦЦ˼Ǳʧ㲻Ҫộһڶ
£ԾϵһͷЦˣְϱ˱ſˣȥ
ͻȻһ£Ҷû׼°Ͳϣʶ֣˵ǰ¡
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ʽʼҶû˵Բָԣ̧ͷһۣûбǱӰ죬ŵս˵һӷ岽ҡ
˵ʱϢڶߣ΢˲ͣô룬Ϊûظһ飬΢̧ȥ
ˣͷӬһҲ׼Բ¾ĺ
ҵı£ƽȵ˳ű˵ĵط߹ȥƫָӿٵ˳˵һӡ
þͿԣżǰҶ˵ŻĶԷֱʾ⡣
ȴû˵֣¶˶ף˵ĸ߶ȣðɣҪݸ㡣
ӱһ߶ȣһҶ־ץǸżҲûԥһùߵڶھŵӷ򣬰˲ҡ
ż߿ʱ滹֨ҽУҲ֪Ҳ׼Ч
ǱߵҲɵţڲʱƫΣǿڶӣԷҲ˳õ˵һż
հѵڶϺżץϵĺ˼ɳסҶ۾
Կͷôˣ
۾ɳˡҶ۾кԣԵķЩʪ⡣
ҹԱҪƿˮϴһ°ɡҪȷԷȴ§ϵҲʶн
Ҷһֻҡҡͷʶֿڽͣãһһֻ۾ãȱ˵һˡ
ֵԼ϶Ȱ̾˿㾡ѱ˶ϵסղΪֹԼ£ȼеܽСҲƵǰסϣ֪ˣһɡ
һҶϽȣſһʲôǱߴһôһ򣬶־Ȼõ˵ڶ˲ʲôˣ㣬ӷ򣬴ŵʮ岽
һǷмģԶһǱѾ׼ȥҪһ㡣
񣬱˹ȥɳе̫ߣֱŸˣԽԶǵѶҲԽ
ڳм俿ҪֱӶϣҶе۾̧ۣһֻ۾ȥǸӲ඼岽Զľ롣
ԲȻҲˣԵļߴɰܾͿһˣ
Ҳȳģȥһ㲻ǰ㼯
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Ҷ⻰ЦЦָָԼۣѾһֻ۾ˡ
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о˵ĿģҲЦЦ˵˾ٲ̫ӣԷ۾ʣǲҪĥˣ΢̧ͷŮλãǸʦ˵㡣
ԲûоǸ⣬ֻñˣԼ˵ĻôأûڣĶѵļ磬Ը磬ķӦôûôأ
ôˣʲôԺãȻʱ⵼ɼ𰸣
԰˷ժϵ֣ͷȥԷ۾̧ƤˮʪĽë˲
Ҷ£ۣ࣬ץסֹߡ
ǹ˾ŵĿȪˮݹȥϴϴɡ
ԽӹšŸϴ֣Щ۾ϣظ˼κûʲôЧ
Ҷ˽ֽϵˮ΢ͷҴһ
԰ʣˮݻؽ̧˵°ʹչȥƿԷƤŴ˼¡
̼¿գ˼۾ҶŻкûˣգ£ֻʣЩɬЦ̧ͷǴʹ
ۻЩ죬۽ǻմʪ⣬̧ĴָĨȥ´ҪСģ˾ͱ۾
ľٶҶ˴ûܼʱػ˱ֺܽľӣû˼ǵ˿
ǽˮƿ̲סһ֮ɨɨȥˣĪУ


50 
Ա棬ͷһź;ܵ˾Ҫʮӵʱ䣬˵ĶӮ
ҶԷŮϣһֵĬӦҲ
ĶԱҲûţſյǽ˳ͣǰȻƹʿ
һͷмţ򲻴󣬼˾úܽҶ˴ۣ˵һ㣬÷š
΢䣬ȶԷ߹֣˶öͷĻͲһ㣬ƱҪȫ̱΢ƣȲᣬؼǲƽ⡣
ǿյģûм΢һ׹һ߳ȥûסʱʶǰգײһ
˲ΣϽ»ȥζ̫УԶһһ룬۶ǱΪ߲࣬ŮƽάֵҲãѾˡ
ȥҪˡҶе㼱ղҲԹԼţƽգɳ;һ¡
Կ˿Ӧֵһ飬ΪٶԽԽˣջߣֻ˵öͷ򣬲Ҫưɣ
û˵ô
Ҷ˵һ룬ͻȻڿˣʶסʲôάƽ⣬ع˴ᱧҵɨһ۶ǵ
ԣҾάƽ⡣Խ˽ֹľٶź̧̧°ͣš
ԷĻͲÿˣҶֻʱѹ²ڣɿһֻ˲ӵ˿ź˶ͷм䡣
ǰ˴սס˵۾²ҪҶֻҪס϶⡣
Ҷʶͷ̧ۿ˿Ӧ֪ˡ
ιȻ˺ܶ࣬걻Դһƽ⣬߶ʱ֮ҲûָߵֻҪǵԴȶǲġ
һúõ˿ĴָⲨԵġ
ҶЦЦȰ£˭֪ԷͿ첽ۻȥˣûڵĻᡣ
Ŵѻ̻ȥˣһһȷʵʱ䣬ʮҶԷӦֵܼġɣ
ʵ֤Բܼ֣һʱ˵ֱɺȣûֱӽˤĽ˷ڵϡ
ǲеˣ˲ѽԱſ߹Цʱ̧̧첲
㶮ʲô粻ڵġԲȭʾĤݡ
ԺŮѿ϶аȫСҲЦЦտʼʱΪҪء
ԲԲͷ˾ʲôû壬ֻʲôģҲû⡣
û뵽Ƣôº͵Ҳʤ˹Ȼɢ¸ղŪҵͷ˳˰ѣƤ׻ϡ
Ů˵ʱ΢ͷ˿ϱ𣬼ʹЩ΢ǱҲһ
ǶòҶüòƲƳߵˣȻŶԷ΢Цһ˭Ƚ϶ɡ
ԽĻջ˵òתͷҲﻻĲղΪ˷СԴϣĶͷ¶˳봹ĽëܳǼոմ£е΢죬΢£е㲻ġ
ʮô㣿
ڷʱѾˣɫջĿ⣬ۿҲǲģû뵽һ
ݣǲỹҪٱһΰɣʳˡ
ǱߺܸɴĻ˾䣬Ǿ͸ʤ
ǲǶеʣǱ˰죬ԲºĲ²ۡ
ûǼʯͷѾܲˣҲеƤ
аɣǲָˣˡ԰װĿߣԼӡ
ɣתͷ顣
Ҷ֪֮ĵͷͬ⣬һóȥ͡
˵еΣİսĿָʾǸշźõǰ¡
ûԹʵҲûʲôףһʼͷȫȥ˵ְϣԼˡ
Χ۵Ҳˣ֮ǱЦû뵽ġ
Ǵ磬԰ѿ۵ջеЦãǲӦѺõ̽һٷһпͷѽô͸Ұſˣ
Ҳû뵽뷨̫սĿ·ҲһΣİջȥǸ
æڰ֣ʵܲһΡ
ݾܾ˵һֶʤҪʵղǸͲ
ݣվҸղûʼѽⲥȥڻΪҾôˣҲżģ
ʦ˿ɲˣҪԸķ䡣ӮҶ࿪ģקס˵ְ󣬱һ֡
ƿԣ˵ʲôء
Ը磬ԲļʾָʱѾûżˡ
ľڿеҶλŵ֣ĴָԣɵƯ
Լ̧֣ͷЦЦ
˳ͷڣԷҪǵָʾ½дðգܾܾǱԿЦ˵ɲܰ
Ҷ룬ʦʦѧһŮɣʦĻֳѡһ˹ʮףʦ
öԷģ֮ǰĳһ볪˵ͷһʱе벻ġ
Ҫʦѡڳһ˵ζ黰ɡһԷϾһǵĿλߣͷֺֺ̫֣Ǿˡ
ҲԡҶҲ벻ģӦˡ
ԲŮӳ۾ԲԲģҲԲԲģɰ赸ȴ֫˻ҶǰѧĽγԱȡ
Ҷִ˵ļЦĶۣԷŮˣȫﵽҪĳͷЧʦԺҪǽϷô죿
ôʦ˵һĻɳͷԲ˿Լĸ첲ȣȱôϸôأУһ¼ĿˣͲҪʦʦĽ˰ɣŹεġ
Ҷƽ˺ܶ࣬ӦˣնԷ˼С£ǱҲˣ˳ͰѴҵĳƺˡ
ֵͷѡԼǸͷǺܸߣҲݣӦòء
Ը磬Ҫ˵ûиΪԼ֤ĻᡣҶһ͵ơ
лл㰡ԱЦƽʱжŸһ˶еҲǿˡ
㣬ڼαѡǹԱѡ˵ĳͷˣŤͷվԱߵŮˡ
оԷ߳ǿҶе㲻̫õԤУȻһ˾Ϳ˿ڡ
һ£ǶΨһˣӦòҴŰɡ绹˸ЦԺһ¡
һ߶ˣȻǻⲻϣԱЩм߲׽ӰдһЩǶǵĶ
֮ǰҲǿǵû˵ʲôװЩζ黰ʹЩڶгԣһ¾͹ȥˣҲ˺ͱĴ˾
Բʲôζ黰ֻö黰֣ʶԼߵҶԷûʲôʾ
ھͷǰô˿ţ˼ҹӣЦЦû˵Ĭˡ
Ҷ˿߹Ůÿλã˫ֱذڳϷ̬￪ģҲֻԼ֪
ǰվ̧ͷͻȻЦˣ̧еô£
Цŵ٩ǱײýţҪ벻ʲôζ黰ԼԸ
ڰֱʾðæɤ֪ʲô𣿡
Բ֮ʲôȻϵʶҡҡͷ
縧ͷ̧ۿЦϣ
˵ƺЩ˼סЦΧ۵˶ֽкã˵ζ黰еô¡
ʱҲعζĵԭô˼Цҡҡͷ˳ӵλãվصߡ
ҶϵЦ⻹ûȥһתߣ


51 
Ϸ¼ʱһ䣬֮㲻Գæ˻صĻйԱ
Թ緹ָĲˣһ¼ƸһڽɣǰǾҪͻسϷɻ
һҹ¼ôЩ飬ûһʼôˣҲܿЦ
̲ҪʲôľȥҶɴϵ㣬Ϣʱ飬һ춼ûͣʱ·ϵʱһ
֪˯һſλãԼ࣬ǰţһסǸСһ
Ҷλȣóֻ׼ظΪ֮ǰԸԲҪӺѣҳ滹ͣwxϣĺ˳ֵ㿪һۡ
һ룬Ӣģעֻд֣üһΪʲôҪԼ
֮ǰӺѵʱĬıܿλ˾Ĺض࣬ټϸŲȶȵɣܻ˼Ϊѡ
û£ǿҲûôദˣϵЦһ˳ûвǵ졣
֪ԼwxſˣҶ룬ǵͬĺñע´λҪ¼أܾ˶Ρ
ͬûãǱ߾ͷһϢ㿪˿
ϵʱлˡ
Ҷе⣬ʱԷδҩµĺأԱ˳չһҲǰıݸֽˮʲôģû뵽Էܼǵá
ûôƲƲǣˡ֣ǱûٷϢغþֻ۾ߡ
Կֻù׼õ̺Ӷᶯ˸ϣۿ˿û˵ֱ
ȥʱƣѾûʱ;羰ľϵ˼˯ܰҶ֮ܿûʶٴѾ˻
֪ʲôʱ˵ļϣֲú˯ôֱ壬˸Ƿ
һ¸³ˣ˵ɻ˯Կ˯ģˮȥҪҪȡ
Ҷҡͷܾһ£ǰĽѾվͷǸ³ˡ
αǸԶг̣Ŀĵزͬеһ𻹿ͬһ࣬sеĵֻǡ
Ѿϰ˿ֿ𣬼Ĺ͸ȥϷɻ´ټƾһܺĵڶ¼ơ
ɻڻص棬ҶûˣκİԼɳϡ
ѾʮһˣڻԵģԷθڲûԶ٣ԽƵؿǽλ֮ʰȥҪҪٳԵʲô
ſɳϵҶ̧һֻҡҡʾԼָһ¾ϴ˯Բˡ
ûǿһûˣȽſһ˯ˡ
һǻӦת뿪ȥ귿ĿյԤһ£ȥϴ軻·ʱ򲻻䡣
Ҷװڿڴֻͳһǳ̳ȴĵ绰ʱӦǵûҡ
˼䣬Ǳеۣûж˵˯״̬һ绹г̡
ǱӦǻڼӰ࣬һڣҪʱľͽһ㣬ܶг̶Ҫѹء
ϵ绰Ҷɳ׼ȥϴȥȥ̤Ьߵſڣճײϡ
ûվ󵹣ϱһֻ첲סһµ˻°Ϳ˼ҧͷ
ԷסļƿͷײĶҡͷȥ°͡
ӦҧˣҶܳѪζĵۣӶԵķᡣ
ҿ°£Է³ŹϸƤ˵ѪӦò
̧˵ȥÿǻҩһ£Թ˵΢٣¶ǵ⿴èһеߣ˰ͷë»ؼǵÿ·
ҶͷջȥһۣԼе㷸û·ˣü˶⣬ʹкһ㣬˭·ûġ
˵ôͷӦǲˣԸÿſڵλãУҵĴȥϴɡ
ҶһƲͷ˷仹Źϡ
ֻèԿԼǰյŰ壬ҡͷЦЦǵСôһֻƯᱻӣż¶Ƥ˶ƽʱ޷û˰Ƣ

ĵһг̾ҶϲĹost¼ƣĵǲӾĲϷʱݾ͸ǳ̳ȶԽӵġ
֮ǰСǾΪƫĸû´ĻӦΪиߵı֡
ֻʣһЩ㣬ŮϷݶˣȻҲڲʱ¼գǽβ׶Ρ
ȵɱ࣬ɵˣʱҲˣ߹ƻҪڳʱ
¼һĥһ磬ҶԳĳƷ⣬мطԼ˵߳ȥʱ򷢸ûвġ
ˡԵ⣬ˮݸ
ŲࡣҶԺܺãӹˮڣתͷ˼ۣʵأ
֪ýȥˣǳԹ߰ɡԽֻܵݻ˳ְѾʮˡ
Ҷһ׳ȫںʱ䣬̳Ⱦ֪һ㣬ֱӽʱ䶼ڳ
ֻɳһѳԵĻˣ˼λ¼ʦķݣǰӹ
ֱӵͺˣﻹһˡҶͷһۣûĿȪˮݹȥ
Ⱥ˼ڣŵ¥¸պһҲĲҾԼȥˡ
ҶǰѲͺж𿪣ԼǷ׷ŵһߣ¼յʱʾԼˣʱȷʵеûʲôʱ˶ÿһ̼ˮˡ
ʳԷûġԿҪʺΣԷʵͦõģǰеˣ
УҲܶ䣬϶ˡҶܼ˵ʱԼ£¶ȷʵ˵Ķӡ
ԱƬ׻ָۣǻȥùһСзԼﲦһ룬ʣµķǰԣܲԡ
Ա߻¼ʦǿأҶϸܣǿһ˼ֱ·ϵİʯ
仰㶨ЦеİǷҪ˵һｵһأǰԷԷʱһڶ̽˵ʲô
ùͣ뿪¼һг̣ҶһҪºһƬ
˳ղ¼õĸ裬¼ʦģûне⣬õĻʱ¼
ԿŶҲûд͸ǰ·תɫĵƣջ뿴һֻ
ķǰ·м䣬ͻȻ̶ܴļɲ˳̧ͷ򳵴⣬ͫһʶȥקԱߵ꣬˶ȫƣֻüֱ۽˵Դס

飡
ǰľй󣬳ҵһ£ȥһξ룬ǳ
Ҷ˶µģĻԼĸᵽȴϵϢΧȶܸоԼھҵǾԷӦ


52 
ȵ̳ȻŻŵĸϵҽԺʱѾϵ˿ڣƬ˽ȥ롣
ҶԱߣɫ̫ÿҲû˵ҽҩֻе㶶
״̬һԱأ̳ȸɴ࿪ѯʻ򶨵ˣʲôأ
ջطϵߣԷ˾ƺʻѾߵˣͷĵ˳е𵴣ϸļ顣
ʱײķҪǺ೵ţǰܵĳСֻǹԴĻζײһ£ͷһ˹ȥ
ûҽԺѹˣҽ˵ⲻǲ˿ֻǿܻе𵴣Դϵ⻹ҪأctϸȷϣѾȥˡ
˾ڼʻǱߵûʲô£žȥ¹ʡ
ֱϵˣƬڳú˲ѪһЩϸĲʱڿܻӰֲ
Ǹ˾ûг˻ѣֻǺ˾ƷӦٶۣе˷ܣ˺ƿǻ֪ɲȻԶԷʱĳ٣ǵĳпܱײɣǾͲˡ
ܵ˵Ҳоգ̳ȷģȷ˶ûд⣬Ҳ鴦¹£г̿϶ʱҪ£ϢߵԱȥ绰
һ߿תͷ߽ҩһԲˣ̾˿ס֣ûˡ
֪ԼʱѪӰŻˣһֱҽԺ˶ģ˿ڵʱҲûҿһ˶档
Ҷֶһ£ɫ˵˻Ҫ԰ף˽ֽҳָ촽΢ɵ𡭡
ʱҪΪ˻ס˸Ͳˡ
ıڣ㲻Ӧõ𡣡ĴָĦֱ˵ˣҪҲôˡ
Ҳ㡭Ҷ𣬿ǿɴ֣еۣȦ죬ɴ಻˵ˡ
̾˿ٿ˵ʲôֻסļģİ§
ƷƷ֪ͦ˵ģʾԼʱ䣬̳ȵлϵ绰תͷһϵҲЩûȥţҶʱ仺һԼִwb
#Ҷ#ĴȻѾĺܿǰˣȥҳһ࣬˵ʲôĶС
ֳ˲٣ܶ˶ƵȶȸߣʱֻûڣȻ˳
Ƶֳֻܶԭ˵ĲףȻֲ²⣬õĻĶС
ŵǻӪ˵Ҷ˴ڽȣϳŰݲѵͼеļѪģģ֪ĳ̳ȶˣ˵Щķ˿
Ϊ˷ֹټȥ̸ȥ˵绰Թ˾巢wbͣ÷˿ǸϹ£Ѿˡ
ССûᣬҶܺߣҲڲֵ˷ѹ
Щպýֻӭȥϸ˿Էͷˣеˣô𣿡
Ҳ߹ԸҶЦûʲô£΢𵴣еͷΣҽ˵úϢûˡ
Ǿͺã̳§סļ򣬡ΰҲǲеңԷɲһ㣬֪ʲôĺ
ô˵Ҷ̲סһۣеĺûɢȥ˴̽Ϣһ£ȥ¥ҩ
ȥʲôȥҲţҩɷѵҡ㱵״̬̳ĸȥҽԺ˶ӵģﻹǱˡ
ŮĵתˣҶһգָһЩû䣬ץסЩʲô˵ʲôתһעһֻס
ֺһû¶ȣԵֽ˽Էһ£ûɿֺֻܿ찲ԹԸš
ߣְ̧΢΢εԴɥ磬ܸ㹤𣿡
Ҷѹ̧̧ʾȥϢ㣬㹤ˣһнݼ١
лл磬ϰŲһ£ֶֻĴָ
Цûʲô£ҶҲ¶ǳЦ⣬תͷˣֱۣҲɡ
һ£ŵֿϣһ˰ĵľٶ
ֱǶԷ¶ȣҶȷʵҲ˺ܶ࣬뿴һʱ䣬ڴȴûҵֻ
ʱʱ裬ֻʱûץסӦõڳˣѾˤˡ
ϵĿڴ˼£Բµʲôŵ֣˿ʾ⣬ҵֻҲڴ
Ų㣬֡Ҷյ˫֣ٿЦ۾򴽣Ƴһһ߱ĿĽ̽Խȥá
ʱë׵ķ˿Ե°ϣеȴûбܿ΢ͷ˵ͷ
Ҷû⣬ֻΪǲСˣӿڴֻͳȾ˵ɫǱȸղſž˺ܶࡣ
ֻۣԷʼĽ棬Ȥ²һ䣬׼˷Żȥˣǿʲʣȥ
û˵꣬ŵֻԼĸҽԺʶ̧ۿˣĵôûͷʱƳ̡ܰ΢㶣ʲôʱ轻ϵʽ
ϴΡԿʾ֣ⲻǶԷһδ绰ˣǱ߲㣬żһûкúóԷ֮ģӰɣӦϿʲôϢ
ҶҲôģԴθסԺǴΣϢƵ˺ܶ࣬ûΣô֪֡
С࣡û£绰û˽ˣҸֶҪˣô
հ½ͨѯ̴ְִߴٵʶֻÿһ㣬ַŻ裬ңҺõúܣǱġ
Ǳ߰룬Ż֣Ҷһܲܰһ㣡ôͳˣ֪֪жൣģ˵˵㡭
ˣ˵䣬ӻ֪ųʲôءǱ߶Ҷͥΰ䣬ƿ˵绰Ȩû£ûˣɲǡ
û£ͷûҶ˵ͣͣ⿴˿ԱߣֵԻסң˵ˣҽԺ
Сˣô
Ҳ֪ôش𣬻ûߵ˾ʹչ΢̷ģû£һСˡ
֪ԱߣæҶֻݹȥҪ˵̧˶ϡ
˼ˣȷûʲô⣬Ǳ߲ŷģؿллС࣬´ȥsУȡ
ЦӦˣָ˵˼仰֪ҲˣСҲ˼䣬Ĺˡ
Ǹմ绰̳ȾͻˣװҩĴҶ߰ɣǻȥ
ķһŶˣҲϡ飬Ҫȥޣ˾ȥˡ
ǶʲôˣסԺؼҾУ˶ӵĻǱ̫ˡ
ͣҵĳɱǰϵðȫ̾˵վе¡
ôptsdˣ̳ȷӣžİϳԲ𣬽˭Ҳ³
ǿЦȥҶתͷˣɫû쳣ŷġ
ԸоߣתȥһẦ£
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ĺЦЦסԼüͷһ壬˻
ôˣ˿𣿡ҶתĶȥŪżʱȴ˵üͷһչƭң
Ժ޹գգۣʲôû˵
Ҷû취һְͷתȥųĥҪǿ˵ķϡߣ
ǰλŮʿһۣ͵͵Ц޷Ҷǣˡ
лҪ˵
ٺʹ˸£


53 
̳Ȱ͵¥ûȥСˣԴе㷸ζģҲϽͻȥϢ
·˾˸绰Ƽ˾Ǳߵļȥˣʲô绰ﳳµҲ˵ߵǹȻƻһˡ
¥صңſڻЬӣҶɳϢô˿ڿ϶ۡ
˳ӵ£ŶԷǿյǸˮæҪȥϴˮʱסʲôҪˣ˿ڲۣҲҪҪȥϴ
°ϲ䵽һѪӦԼģҽԺʱԷ̫ãûлῪѡ
Ҷ˶٣úţԼתȥ䣬ھ£°մĺɫ̧
˱ʱµģʱ˶µģܾòŷӦʲô
ϴ̨̾˿ˮͷϴûȵģˮ˺ܶࡣ
̧ͷҪȥëʱԼֽ䣬˵ëĨϵˮ飬Բˡ
ҳϴõС˵ˮק¹ԱߵëȥŵԷǰĲ輸ϣһָɡ
˵껰Ͱ߰ëˮʪԵϣʪڶͷϣˮ࣬ȥĨ£ôһ
Ҷšëһʶ£մָˮ֮֡
Դ׾ģԹ԰ִȥϸϸĲһ飬ָ춼ûŹ
鲻ô۲˵ʱܹ˳צӵèвˣϲԷƽʱ鶯ӡ
֣Ҷϴϴëş̌ͷԼ˶٣￴ң
ҡҡͷЦЦֱ۳չȥҪҲ𣿡
ͻȻսҶĪе㲻˼Ϊμӿһѽë˧ϣĴ꣬ϵĶȴᡣ
ȥˮֻϸ˵绰ֽڴ´ˣ½
ս¸磬Ǳ߾һͨѯʣһͼĲУĵĵ˵ſڣû£СˡҶû¡Ϲ˵ġšİɡá
ҶʰóҲû绰о¶Ѿϵ׹ҺãͣɳÿѯҪҪѡ
̧ϻӦµʻվʶ̧˵ȥױߣһס
ͬĵһۣҶСĵ֣ԼȥʾСһֳ
Խŵ绰ë׵ԴڸǰȥЦЦ
绰˿ʮӣֱǱ²ŴҴææˣҪ֮ǰΪ£ֶԷĻš
ֻڲ輸ϣﵹˮˣ¸˵С֪Ҳܵģ绰û˽ӡ
Ҷ˵ͷʾ֪ˣֻˤڳϿѾˣ֮µٸ˻ذɣԱ£óҩ𿪣ˮҩһݹȥҩˡ
ԽӹžˮԵǳĿζ´̧ҪҪֻwb˿ƽ
ҵȻȥõ԰ɣҪҪȥ˯һҶ֣ҩľ׹ˣ˿ڿܻۣú˯һ
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Ҷæÿյ¶ȣڴͷϷңڴߵˣ̫ڵĵ·ҪҪæ
ԵͷԼϵ֯п㣬˯ȷʵʣ򴽣ҡͷûϵԼԡ
ȻܾˣҶתȥУɴ֣ûģҧҧȥֲ㣬ɣеʲôŤģ
⻰Ҳ֪˵ԷĻԼģͣ˸ǰȥ֯°ڣȴ˵Ĳ࿪̧֡
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ƽʱ·Ӷϵ棬ֻܿĺãûʲôʵʵĸоڹŰӣʵļǸеĿĽ
ҶĽĪȣٿڶۣץڴͷ˯¸˿ϣпӶϵһţϽֽ⿪ۺãֱԼɡ
˵겻ԷӦʱ䣬תȥˣŹϣЦЦԼѿӻá
ڴϰѱӸϣһ췢¾һһ㣬ҪһΡ
֪ضûһεĻᣬŲɣһ˵ĺֹܲġ
תͷյķţܻ⧲ЩЩ£Ǹúúϧա
ԱΪԼ˯ţ˭֪߰Щ£ʶȻ˯ȥ
ȵٴ۵ʱ򣬷ѾһƬ谵ˣڵĴҹɫ͸Ĺܹ
ִʹԼԼ͸УҩҩЧˣ˶ûȥ
ְലϵ̨ƣ۾̵΢УǺ˺ܶ࣬˻´Ь
ţķ˵Ҷڴ绰˵Ӧѡ
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Եͷŵֻ¶ѯʵı顣
̽ոһˣøҵġҶ˻ֻ´¹ʵ˾ڳϼ񵽵ģȻûˤ
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׸Щ˽ûõģ̬ҲǿӲԸʹ˽£߷ɳ򣬵ʱʲôԸ
ԷӲû˵ʲôʵʵİѸߵĳˡ
û뵽ԷȻôܺĵ̳ҪЩҲ࣬һ絢˲ٹ
ķʱȥˣֵ̽ü죬г̲ˣϢ죬øҡ̳ȹҪҲҶ¡
ҸϢ˭㣬̽㲻ǻҪ𣿡΢üܲһг̡
㲻ùܣ˵ʲôҶȿڣ˾һʵϰң̽Ѿ⼸ĹЩˣ˵ԵģӶ˰ɣȳԷ
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ϵĲͺǸǼ̵ģζʣСҲܺóԣԼҲ
վһһĴ򿪺иƵǰƽʱԵĹȳԵǶԷֵǻ˴
ǰǺ׺࣬ѪûסЦЦùӺһڣǵĺ⡣
֣໹Ув˿ܲ㣬Ҷ룬ӶŲֱߵλã˲˷ŵϡ
תͷԷ°ԣջ߽УϴŵЦ⡣


54 
Ҷ˿˴ӽŵݵߣСĵҧ̡֭
̧һۣ΢ͷչȥǳǳҧƤ΢̵֭ȥҧ˰Űӡ
Էĵĵ׽һֱĲǰ˵ݣʣ°ι
մϵһ֭Ҷ˳ֳֽɾ̧۶ʱžף
ݡջ֣ҾǿˣԾ˳㡭
֪Բ꣬Цŵͷллչҡ
ûû¡ôĵҶܲȻֽȷŵһߣָ˼˵˷ŽԷɡ
ǾΣûҿҵתëһһģе죬֪᲻̣
еĺʹԣԼ֤һ£ǷӴչȥ϶Է촽
ҶĴסֱϵϢԶʶȥŷӦݵһ뷢ʲôᡱĴվ˿벽ס㡭ȿȡ
˵̫˻Ǻһ£еǱֱס죬ŵĿɫʼٸߡ
ԼҲе㶣Էд߳ŭʣ̧ͷƺȴе촽Ǹ鲻Խ
ҶԼʲôɴ۾ɶԷ쳵ʱǲҲײԴ
ѵαԷĲڣԲ˲תʱȴһƬ侲ӣԷ𣿡
ʱ˻ʲô֪Լոոʲô𣿣Ҷɿ˳üֿۣ߲ɴ֣ˣĥĥǻŲȥ¡
ûнͣԷȻҲûֻǳԷķΧĺܰ˭ûٿڡ
һٷĪҶʰ˲ͺʱ⣬ȥϴ˸֣ʱûлط䣬վ￴
Է⣬֪ո͵Լȥʱƿߣֹģվʡ
֮Զӣһʱ˭ûп˵ס½ɿΣĵĵš
㡭Ҷ죬־Σ̧󾱣ܿոաΪʲôң
ƮʱûеЦЦصҲ˵Ϊ鲻Խ
Ҷһ٣̧۵ɹȥʲôͣڷʲô鲻Խˣå֪һԾ׹ġ
ӣһĵͷ˵˱Ǹ
ˡҶָ̧ҧȥܱǰһ˵ľ룬һѳס˵콫קĵͷɴЦ۾üǱǸҲ鲻Խ
仰βʧĴ䣬ֻͣһӣģܿ˿֪²Լ嶯תߡ
˻»ôףֱ۱קסһ߻һ˲ײǽ棬ʹ̧ͷˣѹ˾Ľ
˵Сۣ彫ǽǣסȥ·ǵľܽǼ⼸Ҫһ𣬡Ҷ֪Լʲô𣿡
ûбյĽйҶǽ޴ȥһˣֿٴߣ̫ˣϢѬԼնʼȡ
ţ˵ַһѯʵĵ΢˲ǼƺҪգĴָ·СĦ
ҶѹԵĽӿͷ̧±˫۾˵˲ëᣬ֪
֮ǰǲԼȥʱʲôˣһһˣΪʲô˾֪ʡ
ƽһëҪצӵСèʱڽһţģԺ۸ǲԼĵĶӡ
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Ļ£˷Ӧͷľʧ봽˵ˣҵĺѾֲ˭ġ
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ͻʧأ˴Ĭӵǣ鲻ԽˣåѾûˣһֻ˳¡

ȵ侲ʱһɳϣҶ˵Ļ˵ָ֣ɴ·
һӵС°żķ˿ǰδеİ
𣿡Ҷû̧ͷָոաʱվȣ§һֳ
һ㡣Զ˶ָʵʵ˵շ룬һоûС
Ҷᴵ˴ºĬ˺һǿʵԣ㡭ңΪϲ𣿡
ϵƵ˵ϣʱ˾Ȼ⣬ЦЦʣأûоܾңΪ𣿡
Ҷü̧ͷһִۣ۽߶ƻҲҪ˵
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㲻ңԵͷȥԴҡҡ
ǵģš˵ԸҲ˽⣬ˣ˵ھͱʾ˾ΪҶŵģǶеģָ鱾ھͽܲˣټҵְҵһ𣬿һֱҪ͵͵ġ
ǲòǵʵ⣬ֻҪˣǵĸԶû취ܹԼᣬ˵ϲ
ô㣬ֻҪ룬϶ҵõˣ̸öزصġ
ĻĬһסļƿЩע۾ҿǺˣǵĺ
ǡ
֪쳵֮ʲô𣿡϶ԷĻЦѯʣɵҡͷ룬ҺǶû£һü˵ϲ㡣
Ҷס촽΢ȴ˵
Ըգ˲䣬һεˣ˵ûʲôϧǰҪ
Ŀ̫ᶨҶıӷᣬգգ۾ɢȥ۵׵ϴʹ£ΪһСŮһγµֲˣԾ
±ӣֱסԷ˰ļͷƵģǿ˵ˣҵǲڵģⱲӶ
ű˵ĻûЦ§סͷ˵Ķ󣬡á
ҶЦ۾˿Щͷװѣǿٽһ𣿡
ԹɣϿһ仰ıӣЦļǮ
ǮڵģҶסļ򣬰˰ɳϣӸµĿүǿȡᡣ
˵조һڣ뷢Ц˵ı飬͵ǰһˣѹɳϣͷȥ
һʱҶ·۵촽÷ˮ۾ˣøүǮ
ŵĵͷ۾̧ɴֻһΣӢ۾Ľɡ
Ҷקסָ֣⣬׼ˡ


55 
ϵĵɢůĹߣֻܰпյԿڴͷеҳʱʱһ۷ڹϵֻ
һ춯ĻеĹʫʼù½յϢ¶Цݡ
Ҷӣ·ɻˣһСʱ󵽼ңҪҪҹ·ϸȥ
ѼĿ꣬Էظ˲ã·עⰲȫȥ̲֮סϻĿ⼸췢Ϣ
ûкú˯ûкúóԷ˿ڻ۲ۣǧҪˮͨʱϲ˵»²ۣĵҲ
ֶԷôճˣ໥֪ĵڶ죬г̾ȥأҪ졣
Ȳֲ֣뿪ճ¯ѣߵʱĺܣճ˺һèһߺġ
̸֮ܰԵ·֣ãİοһǲԸ¥ҪԼһȥ
¶ԷǸɴˣϴǵľܾڼú˲Ҫܣ뿪ĻӾˡ
ˣϢȴûжϹг̵ļ϶Ҫ΢ţϻصƵ귿ʱҲƵ绰
˶˯ڴϿĻĶԷȴǾ˼Ҫһ˴ˣϵ¶ȡ
ӵҪϢ֮ԽĿȥˣҳҪעһʱ䣬ҡͷʧЦɴϷŻشߵ
ҹûмǣСԶ޺磬ĵ֪ԺûлȥһˣҶˣԷһһϵճ
¥ϤĳС·¿ú֮ǰЦЦת߳䣬վصĵطȡ
Ҳӵʱ䣬⡱СܵĽŲָһű򿪣ɫվź
Ҷûüȿ˴˯վصˣԷЦȻġ
һ㶣֮ϲ˹ȥһѾͽ˱סˣԴ˲ϲ䣬ԣ
Խס壬§˱ڻ˵ϻĺ⣬͸˯´ϣȴûƿԷ§øͷ£䲻䣿
е㡣Ҷϣеƣ̸ͱȷֿ˿죬ֱꡣ
ָԴϣĶ䣬ԱϷſŲڳְϽ˳š
Ҷʱʲôſ֣ɴѾȥˣֻεķˮӾϿǺ˺ܶ࣬𣿡
ſ԰Լҵͷҡҡͷôˣʱᷢ
Ǿ˵˿ڻָҶһģ֣չȥ˵촽ûң
ûʱ룬˵꣬ۿŶԷ§ס˲תߵܸҷϢ绰ﶼæġ
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56 
ƽɫڶ¼֮ǰȥҽԺߣ˿ڻָĲ֮ʳǾմˮܿá
Ϣ˼ѾˣԴǵͲӰָʱܺãûʲô֢
ҶٶϢһʱ䣬¼ƲǸˣʵϰ֣ͦһҲС
˭֪˶ͬ⣬һ¼ƿܻ˵ĻգһϷ˵ǲҪԼʵϰλ
ҶȥˣڣпҲȤһ㡣
νĿ¼ƵĵصɽǰطƫƧ·ûޣЩչʼвǰ
طסһЩ壬Ըʵǳÿͣ˴ҲŽᣬԸԣ֮ͺʽޣдһЩο͡
Ҳ٣֪˻࣬ʱ벻Ҳ֪άֶá
ĿɾĹԱҲһλӰʦܵģԷӰƷȻۣҲϲЩطȥһ˾òŸ
ϴһ·ɻ֮ڽĿĴͳϣһǰ¼ƵĴӣ·վɻһЩ
ģҶǸǰɻǰŵ˽ӻھļ˻
ü䣬˵ԷҲг̣Щ˿һĶǸĦ˹𣬻ôˡ
һٳȥҲ񻰣ֻܰѿñӶʵקסԵֱۣűߣкʲôģ˵ɡ
ԷȻҲôģмҲû۾תߣھ˸Ļ´Ҵˣ˿ȥ
һִķ˿ԷΪгԭСʱңǻеĵء
ɢɢҲ˵ķ˿ڣҶԼģΪƽʱͲᳫӻг̣ϴһСèֻ
˸Ա棬ٵĴӻȥͳ˿ܿԱڼ֮⣬ԶԶĻںż֡
ӱֿȺдȥ˸Ҫ߿ǰҶ͵͵˵ָԷ˲ģתϳ
ϳ˲Ǽϵ磬ֻʣ½ûһԸԲ¿֣ʾԱ߸˹ĵ
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һ룬йԱǵλװgopro,ʽ¼ƽ׶Σϵ㲻ܶƬֻһЩȤƬηŽҲ̫ȥЧദͿԡ
ԸԲƽʱͶ࣬Цһ·ľûͣżҪҶһ
εϣһ߱žͷһϵ˷wx²۳Ѿʢͨˣ˲УӦúݺݵѹեǣһĥ
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ҡҡͷ˵ֻϿһЦԷҲû⣬ŶȥСˡ
ͷĻǶλԵָ˵㣬δ£Լֽǹ˶ʮֻ֮ŶԣԶǳɳ¡
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ص˺飬ξһӭǣкܶ࿴ʽǺȤ
վȺ⣬żλαӵų裬йεƯǶľˮ΢üƽʱǲȾƵġ
̨ԱţҶҲþܾ˼ҵ飬ӹţͷ촽մմͼɻء
ƫƫվߣŲ̫һЩϰߣչʾԼյף˵ɲа˼ŮӶ˰ء
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ҶԼľûİϻصĲʹѵɻǵأҪ¼Ŀʱ˳첻ˡ
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޵ĽκеصɫģǺܴңܹ߸䣬պ㹻αס
еԱֻܸϴһڴˣϾǵʽޣֲ࣬άһѾܲˡ
װ޶࣬еɫͬʱҲִʩֺʵãȻǻ˼ġ
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ӺԷֱӷһͼƬһñȽϼ򵥵ķ䣬СֻһŴһСӣ¹ûС
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̬ʵȫûмƽϵ˼ЦЦȭ˵һɣţǡ
ҶһѣˣˣһЦ¶Ƿƪˡ


57 
Ȱߣֻʱ䣬Ҫȥˣ̾˿Ѿһȴ׽׽ĻᶼûС
ȻνĿûüαסҲûзŹǣһĵһ緹
ҪĻǾеɫĲˣÿһԼֵģĿʳеɫҪԼȥҡ
ЩҶԲ»һ£ҲùеʸУ˷ǳ⣬ΪԻ
ԷԲ½˿ŵʮͣ߾侲˺ܹܶ࣬ٷıʾ²һź
շվλҶ¶ѻƣָĵҵţĻˡ
ԿЦãŶͷʾû뵽Ӧô죬˹Ȼܸɻ¡
鵽ĲƷֱͲҪҵĲӸɽ϶Уÿһ򵼡
ҶҪҵǾ򵼸ǣɽҰɽԽ٣й̶λõ˵ңôǲɼ㣬ֿ־⣬Ҳ˵ҪѸʱѰϡ
ĿǱ˵Ѿ·ˣӦܸʳĿ²Уһ˾һ˫۾뻹ǺܳԿġ
Ψһ飬˴ŵСҶԸԣС¨򵼳ˡ
ȺŲ죬Ĵ;ɫܲµЩʲôЦЦ
ɽȻûдôⰻȻҶƬƮҲǱһɪ
ɽ֮ͷֿжˣԸԷͣҶҪߣҳʪһĵط
;оһСϪˮʺ峺ʱû䵽ĳ̶ȣܿƴСܻΡ
䷴ӦҲٶۣԶȥ˫һȻһˣתͷܸǵľӵġ
Ҷɣô㻹ģζϽŻȥȳ˻ܸϼ̲ˡ
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ҶεùˮйأֻվԱ߿˿ûȥתͷʱ򿴵ҲϪˮ
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еգҶ˶ָĳ嶯ÿϧ̾ԷǸоʲôתͷ
ͷǰԽȺڿϵıеźԲ֪ʲô֪Լйء
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ҶߴջһѾǰ·򵼣˳Ϫˮɽָߡ
ҰɽĹ˵˳ů͵ʱ򾭳ļطֻǳǳðͷȻǲܳԵģмɴʲôҲûС
ڳﳤ˶Ұɽֺ棬ǲģ߿Ҳͦ˼ġ
ǵҲ̸ܽһζͷңʲôɫʲôҰҲĸǽܣﶼǶԼԺ
˴죬ҵһƬõҰɽһһصİһ״ĿŻеɰ
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58 
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˭ʤ˭ѾˣĿ黹̣ҵɫˣ֡
ȫûҪŴ·߲ͶƱСҰжķ񽱡ԡ
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ҶȺһɽԼֲɵĵȻҪԣȻ˿ŲףĲζʡ
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59 
Ҷ˯ʮӣѵʱԺģʱһųѹĹûǻŨˣе䡣
Ǳ߽Ϲһ𣬼ǴǴСԺܲ죬׷֮¶Է˵Ĺģоɻܸо֮Ϣ˺׽ˣû¾ճһ𣬻ĪųСˣ
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ѵĺ磬ߵ㲻ˣڿСɽȦĵŻ˸¶ȵˮ󵰡
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нӹƿҩݹıӺˮȥҶ˿Ͱ͵Ŀشͷ
ȥæ˵һϢϢɡԲºģȻʱ¼Ʋˡ
鷳ʦԶͷŶԷˬʵİ֣תȥʱǰŹغá
ҶִڰӵϣƽĵطƿƤۣѾ˿ڣʶ֣𣿡
ûС˴ѾûжԷôˣԶ˹ˮԶ𣿡
֪ҩãˮůθ˵ఴ⣬Ҷúû۵ôˣûʲôʳҡͷûθڡ
ԷԣҲԸʵ䷴һȣȥæʢࡣ
α½½˵岻̽ܵݺҲһˣɫǲÿõ¼Ƶ£ȺúϢľͷʱͣ
ҶʱѾ˺ܶ࣬θֻ³ʹ˵һȥᵢ̫ȡ
ܵݵû˵ʲôԼõ壬¼ô༾Ŀˮļαϰˡ
ǽǸһģôûԣԷٵֱոսĿȥ¼Ʋ˵£Ҵˡ
˵ô˵һΪȻһ֪ġ
ŵʱŴͷι࣬ɫѾûôѿˣ˿ϲĸ˱Թ
Ǹ֮ǰЩļûǸЦЦ
Ҳ˵˵Ȼ⣬θʲôֲûߵ߿˸ι࣬ûдţһߵĵǾһûôͰԼ
磬ҶæˣԷûи˵˼ŷģͲˡ
֪ԼɵĴ£ҲûдҨһവһ͵ߣȥ
һһιģͻȻеסֵֹķΧˣֿʼԼࡣ
һվЦЦ˵ȥŰɣ˵ķ䲻̫á
ȻشžȥˣҶ֣ûֱһ࣬üԲˡ
ų˼ڣ붼ˡƴȥһ룬Ҳֻһ
ҶֲҲιˣù뼸ںȵӸҪֽ졣
ȥֽ죬Ͱȥļ׼ºúϢ
˳ӵɻصϣҶְѶԷҲȦסĲӲ뿪һ
ΪƱſϣԴ֣ûһô죿
ǾϰҶô˵ȴûҪɿ˼˽ĸһԽҷġ
û취ͷϣЩΣôôˣ
ǲŽһܾˣҶӣһء
ǣҶΣҵҡᳶ˳ţǸĺΡ
Ҷ뿪ˣ΢°ͣԵ㣬ҪҪζ
΢ͷԵ촽Ҫ϶ԷģһЦ˻ʱһʹһʹȥ棬û˵ֱ࣬òҡ
Ҷ˦ַϱӸ˰ĺһ飡
ʧЦ¶ԴϣڴϽǣԼѳֲס


61 
Ϣ˴һСʱңθʹûôҶʰȥ¼Ƶ㼯ϣ˶˼䡣
ͣھͷ⣬ŶԷûһĲ뵽У֪ûлָ
ĹԼҲֹֻܶජһʲôҲܼʱչˡ
¼ҪܱЩɫΪ˴иһЩС绹ɽһˡ
ȥʳĵСɽɽڴһ򣬱֮ǰߣɽλһƬ֣һƬӲӵرÿϲŮǶϲһ˺ܶƬεġ
һʱ伸ɽϣصʱѾǳɫϼˣλαվһһͷһ¼ƾҪˡ
ԲµԸǿСڣƫƫַǳԣԱʱۿˣ˵᲻ôңദ졣
г̶ൽĵˣĸдӦ˳Ľһôѹû˵ʲôɨ˵Ļ߻ļο
Դ󷽵Դ˵ȦӾôܻϵģ󻹿˾Ц˵ҪǵӰˣɱװʶ硣
⻰ɹԲЦĨĨ۽ǵʪ⣬ÿ˶˸ӵ֮Ҹɴ඼౧˱¼ƻľš
ĺҪֱˣʵǻҪһȥ·ϻһβ̵ʱҪദ
ʱҶҲ˼ܵȥɴ˹ˡ
λľ˶ûй˳ֻһԱûֻ֣Ҷ廹Ҫչˡ
ڿλã굲棬ڸвߣ˵Ҳ죬ֻż˵ݸˮȼˮ
ڼ߷ŹΣ̧۸˶ϵʱŮҲѺõЦЦ䴽òӦ
һαҶһۣ˿ĽǶȹָһָ⣬˲ŻɫŹ
·;ƣһǽ˵ˣԱ۾Ϣ
ҶԻλϣ˯ᣬ±˷ֶߣûпͷ򴰱ߣž·ϵĵƹϡ
ӵϢͣµʱɵֱۣܿϣǺҹʱʱθû˯ãҲһھͿʼ
ȥ򵥵ĻϲԵǶ³սѯȥȥϴּ䣬Է˺һ۾Ҫ˳ְ׸ݹȥºܵ͡
˰˵СۣվȴñӸ֣ÿλߣԼ˵ˮȥ
ʱ˲࣬ſڵʱϵĽ˸кҶͶԷȥϴּ䣬תȥһ߽ˮĵطֻڡ
ûȥ˼ˮصſڵˣΪ˲˵·վһ۵Ľ䣬ܿÿһˡ
ֻûȵҶȵȵ˱ˣԷȻҲע⵽ӻøԼСȥǰȣԼӭ߹
ڵҶñӸڵʵֻ¶һ˫Ư۾ʱŵЦ⡣
ԼҲòӦЦŵ˵ͷû˵
ûҪ˼ͷһЦҵĴ¼ҡ
ԺĶ˶üëָڱĦ£ôʵʦ˵Цˡ
۾䣬ָǰͷԣĺ㣬Ӧܲɣ
򴽣ЦֻǸССıڣʦϿɡ
˵Ŀɲ͡Լ˼ǰһԷͬʱ˿˶٣ʧЦ㾿Ǿӣǡ
˵һƳıӣԭ򣿡
û˵ɫĶ۲죬֪Էһ˵Ƿʲôָ
ȴûмѯʣӿڴͳֻ˼Ļת͵ͨѣӸϵʽ
ϲǱȽ϶࣬ŮǱֱȽҶ֮˽һ˵ſڵʱͿ˱ͦӰվڽҲۡ
ûҲһ۾ͿűӭȥҪҪʲôԵģ
Ҷҡҡͷǰ޴պų˵㣬ö˶ӵĲ̫㡣
ûʣǻصϣȥϳ֮⣬˶Ѿˡ
֮ǰϢһֻԾ֪ʲôЦúܿģڿǰλõԻкһ
Ҷ˵ͷȡ¿ֱߣ·ʱԷЦЦ߾תȥ۵׵Цƺˡ
˲ͷֱתȥ˵ı飬ûͣصλϣŲλá
˯𣿡Ը£ͷѯʣҡҡͷ֮ǰ΢ŵλһ㡣
ҶղŮΪʲôЦͺһĬĽе㲻졣
Ȼһ̸ĺõط˶촽վûпڣλӰаѶԷס
оֱϵ΢Դֽۣսλڵ¸һССܡ
˵룬·Ũҵʧֱظ·
ǰ˵ЦԵ֮ԽףҶҲкܶ໰˵ȥϣһ嵭ľζմһմ¡
ʱ˿ֻ룬̲ס̾˿֮ǰ޷͵͵ĻǶԷû뵽ͷԼ
һ̾Ϣתͷȥѹʲô
Ҷڴתϣǰǿǰαϣ㡣
ôֱ׵ĻشȻԵ֮⣬һʱ㶣ֱԷͷαЦһһģΣ֪ǹ
嵲סܻͶߣΪͷ¶ĺ󾱣ЦһͣĴָĦƯң
ס˵ĺ󲱾Ҷе嶼£˺죬ȥץԷſᱻġ
ַӦǼǵΪĶӣƫƫԸָƤĦĦλÿǿ
Ҷקֻ֣ܱŵͷƣĦǰϱģɶԷȴ֪Լշ״̬ûɱ
İСè۸ĺצԼԼþɿ֣ûһͷ´λƤƤ
´λңҶ¶ȵĺ󾱣޷޲ƽİڳ̫ˣ»ؿ˭ס˭
ôһͨղǵӡ˴ȫɢ˸ɾҲǣˣڳһı鱧ؿαϡ
ƤףԸղûöپԷĲȴЩ΢ָӡ䣬ֳס
ԷԵĿһۣһʾԼЦЦ˳˵Դ
Ϳʱֱʱ򣬽г̲һҪȥͬĵǻڣ˶ӣҲ˼Էֿ
Ȧʶܳ˵پпԼʵ֪Ļᡣ
Ҷûʲô˸еģֻ׽ˣľԵкܴӰ졣
˷ɻ鷴ӰϾҪؼˣ⼸ס˵ֻǸ˯ĵطƵ𲻹Ǵľһ㣬ֻhаڵĵطǼҡ
ڲһˣڰθҩˣЦЦһµļˡ
Խˮõҩһ˵ݹȥЦҲЦЦٳһΣûʲôĻͲóˡ
ӹȥԹԵԵӻƿšãٶȼˮŵͷµʱԷűӿҹգ˵һϻؼˣЦŵͷţؼˡ


62 
ϴ貦ŪŴɵͷط䣬žͿ¡һͣЦŹ߹ȥ
ȷϹϵ֮Լķ伸˰裬ÿﵽԼ䣬ŸʵĴ
ߵ߰Դϵıקϴûõͷңһѣʲô
һϲѽҶЦһ˫۾ŲŲڳλãһģůˡ
ƿȥԷ̿§Դؿڣ˿°е̧ѹѹ컹ûкţ̡
첻˰ɣȡҶ̧ͷϵĲʹ仹ûʧأţ̾θۡ
ûԣ´λҲˣûŹѵĻᣬҶһ٣
˺ˣʦˣҶԴǰ§һΣҶѾ֪ˡ
԰˰סЦļ򣬱ڴͷһͻȻ֮ǰڷʱˣ˼䡣
Ҷᡱİͷ̧һ˫۾Ķʲô
ҽϵʽԺ̹ϵʵش𣬶Է׷ûУüҪǸأ
Ҷ̿ȥƳڴͷϵָֻһûһ²ŪؿڵĿӣ֮ǰǴӦҵģò罻˵ɣ
Ȼ˼ҹҪϵʽҲǲûò԰ס֣ļѯʡ
ǿʶҶֳĺᣬһһΪʲô㣬˱ͼ
һôˣһ߾Ͳˣ˼ҿܾ뽻ѡסҴֱָü̫ࡣ
ܣҶ˸ƶЩαûӣƫƫһˣôԴôû뷨
԰ֻǰڴͷļγɶԱȣԴǱͼˣ
ȻҶ϶ĵͷ˾ھӴʱ̫ˣӴŮ٣˼ҵС˼
ЦŸ˶һû˵ֱȵԷЩ಻ס죬ȵأ
Ҷһ㶣ɻüôˣʲô°
ԲͷЦеļαǲֻһ˵wx㲻Ҳͬ𡣡
Ҷɴ۾ôпɱأⲻһ
ﲻһüҡ
Ůģеģ
Ҳеġ
ҶûŶԷƿԣһѣ±Ͼûʲô𣬶˶촽૱һ䣬ƽʱͦº͵ģôһ¾Ͳˡ
ԭ⡣뿪ŵĴͷսˣ£ûи
ΪҸʲôûУļαҲˣҶ˵ţ̽ȥԼŵߵֻ˵¼ŵǰֻܹ˵ľ仰
ԴɨĻϵݣһҳûռһǸɰͰ͵ĵл֣һǳûһӲġллûûˡ
Ĵ΢ᣬɫѹȥǰֻ¼ɾİɣ
û뵽Ȼл˵ҶջֻҰɾ˰ɣ
ûüһֻ־͸̧ͷ˴Ц۾
˵Цġ̽ס󣬰§һǣûн⣬Ҳ㽻ѡ
Ҷ˿ͬʱеؿһƣ죬̲ס࣬ͻȻʲô̧ͷԣƫˣ𣡡
ڲŷӦЦָ⹴˹°ͼ⣬ģҵϵûӡ
Ҷ׺ݵıչе㾪ȣ㡭û
ţִӴùԼֻݵǰҪ
ǵáҶֻƻȥȻˣԷҪʲô뷨Ҳ
Ҳ֣ȻĨӣôسϵʱҪЦҪǻԼ׼Էʱû
ҡҡͷʱܾŮ˵֮УܸɴľͰֻ˻ȥ
֮¶һƺʲô飬뿪ǰһ䡰ȻǱ˵ĶҾûȤˡ
ԲһˣȻ֪⻰ʲô˼ֻ̫ףǰûʲôĵطԷοġ
ܷ֣᲻˿͸˵΢۾ԼΣȴܵӰ졣
ڴ˼ʱҲˣһЩȻţݲǶԷĹ
껹ǿһع⣬ȴĿܾνġѩءôȰ֣϶ѹ
˼ˣ˵°öԷ̧ͷԼպҪСģץѱˡ
ҶãգգۣΪʲôô࣬üǲ˭˵ʲô
ģҡҡͷĴָĦ°ʹƤֻģǵΰǼ𣬷֮Ĳޡ
㲻˵ҶҲ׵ģסԷ˴£᲻ί
Ĵе˿ϣԵֲ˲קסĶͷᡣ
ûᣬҶ򴽣Ĳӣҡһ̽˵һ
˲УЩ׽һݣǰװĸͨϵһ
е죬˶ӣĬһͷ˳Ȼɣż
Ĵ㣬ԼҲҪ²УֻǶܻЩ޷˵ĸдԷ׽ˣԼȴǣһЩǳΣҲ֪˵˽֮¡
ƺʲôǣҶû׷ʣ˵ͷӦʵԼҲ֪ô̽˵һʱ仹̣һҲԡ
˯ɣ첻ǻг𡣡԰ֻۣϾҪʮˣθ𣿡
Ҷҡҡͷһ춼չԷˮͲˣͷȥǣǡ
Դ촽ŤҪȥشͷƣȴקһתȥ
Ҳ̫˰ɡҶ⣬ʲôСѧֻҪʽǡ
˯Ҫ֡°ͻλΣ˵ļҪ˷ŵɺ˯
͵͵죬ԷһҲҪСģò׻صңҶôʵʵ˯ȻԷúףԼ
˳ŶԷĶ£Ҫ뿪ʱס˵Ĳһѽקͷ촽սֲ
Բ»ݣϲôôܾܾ̾˿˵ĺȥ
ֻдͷŻƵĹߣң˻ӵǣһʱѷᡣ
Ҷ΢۾ߵˣԷ۾е˼ϣЦһЦ˱⣬ߣߡ
һԵǣ˿Щ΢΢Ϣ˵ϢĽ֯һЩã࿪ߣ˯ɡ
˯µ㲻Ϻʵһʲô仯оĺҶлعЦЦָ϶ԷţȦ㻹ǵǵһ˯һŴ𣿡
ԵȻǵãǶԷգΪĸҪǲһ˯ġ
ʱ˵ҿ㡭˵ɫ΢٣Ҷָ»ڰô
ҪĵطΪԵ΢񣬳ͷսɿ۾վǸȥ˵ľѴϢ
Ҷڳһֻֻļ米˼ߴ¶İǵúܺ죬ϵϢȣһߣԶûбֳôࡣ
лҪ˵



63 
·ɱˣٷǱ߷ųһҪɫͼҶҪתʱ㿪˿˶ǹŻͼϸ͸Լȫͬ
ϸĿԼţȻλʦļҲܸ߳ϲ͵ģԷĻѸ˼ϣ㲻Ҳ֪ԼȻҲΪ˾
ϾҪʮˣԽԽ䣬ǰСѩܶطƮѩϵƵϷѩĺ۲
ʱ˻ͻ˵лĻҪһȥѩоڻѩȻѩܱûǿ
Էıӣ˵ôϰ˶ĵطѣɲÿζֳʱһˣû·˷֡
̾˿˼קתwb涼Ƿ˿ʾڴԣŻظ˼ֻٿɽƣ
ողŽһ̸ڽĿ˳ϬʲôⶼʳڣһСʱӦԡ
𣿡ԱߵԿ̾ģùֱߵˮšݹȥȿˮ
Ҷ˰֣ĵȻʹ˶䣬ݼ٣ƫƫٹһ¾ԪˣԵĲƷҪҪᣬټǰϷգɷԼҲ࣬붼룬Ҫһֱæ
ǰĽҲ̽ѯҪҪ·ϸ򱭿˵⻰ʱԣΪθãƽʱԷô˺ȿȣżŻһ
Ȼ꣬ȴ˵Ҳ֪ʲôʱϰߣΪĻ
תͷԱߣԷҡҡͷ˵û£ֻ۾еɬû˵ʲôְˮݹȥӹһڡ
ʲôг̣Ҷѱӵݻȥѹķƣѯʸǰˡ
Ե㿪ֻ˷г̱˵һϵĹ㡣
Ҷ΢üû˵ʲô˼ϣһļǰˮżƷֵģܿȣԼȣʲô˵
֪̽ϰߣһִƶˣμȻг̱Ȼû˾ЭǱߵĳ۲
ĬСĴӺӾ￴ɫûзļ˿
˵طҴҽ˺ŵĻױңõ·ϣ˶ü
ѯ˸ĹԱԷ˵ٲ˸ҹӾأǵ岻ˮڱȡȡͿԡ
ӾҲֻɳ̲ɣҲʲôģȲô͵£֮ǰҲûҪ¶ѽе㲻һô̵ɳ̲⾰ôɣһ̧Ȳʲôˡ
ȻǼˣֲ·ߣĻˬɾͺΪʲôǵøһƬ
Ա̬ȵǲֻ˵ʾͶǹ浼ݸϲ㶨ģͬҲ˵˻ϣΪûġ
⡭
˽ŶͷһҶڰֹȥ֪Ҫ˷Ѷʱ䣬滹г̣𣬴ȥˣơ
ô˵ˣֻ÷뿪ģ˿ʼױֻȥ̳ȴ绰
ױʦæµױݣҶ̧ӿüͷʼûзɹˣôˣ
Եߴ̿ջ˼ױʦû˵ʲôҡҡͷվױ
ڼô˼ҲŰӵܣοڴ֮ͥ£⻹ǴҪؼڵӴ϶ġ
ŪױݷͻױʦͳȥˣԼһ·Ȼ費Ҫ
ҶԼǰҲûʲôҪܻģֱ·ɳ̲㣬ڿſյĻױҲ˸¶Ƥһ㼦Ƥ
˰׻¶֫壬ûκ컵뷨ֻõ涳˵£ǰ§סԷԼС
־˷绯֪ԷʵǵԼ壬Ҷȴ⿪Цһüͷ
û˵Ц˼Ƕûᡣ
Ҷ˵ʲôű죬˻˳ϱԼףЦЦ˽
ŵǽʱ˼ɫ䣬ǰݸ̽Э̹ˣֻܼӼ·û䶯
ҶͷӹѾܲˣʤޡ
ԱŴߴ٣ǲٶ˵Ҵ·ûĻױʦһ·ͣȥⳡ㡣
˴䣬һӹ֭֮⣬㻹˳ͷҲС졣
Եˮţ׽ɪɪ˹ʵ§Ÿصױҡ
ůڻһ˴뱭ˮҶɫÿθΪ̫֭ĲҲԻ⡣
·ʱ򽭽Ծ˳ȥȣûµס˵չȥñǼ
ԼϵָůԷģɫס˵Ħ£ߴȰ·ϡ
ҶûжԾİë¿ӶϣԹվ˸죬̧ۿͻݡ
췭룬ֹ̧Ц⣬գθûв
ҡҡͷҶǰһס˼Ž⣬ûиĶչ˵ôλҷǳá
̧ëʱŪͷʱԵ᲻ࣿ
ҪһЩϲദҪܲϲĹ
һʱڻᣬʱÿ춼ԼʲôҲãÿγʱĺܿģҡҶͷϣңһҾʲôˡ
㡣Ե°͵ķ΢ͷ촽ķ˿ӦɵĲŶԣֵϲ¡
˳Ĭ˺þöû˵Ҷ̧ͷϵüۣЦЦ
֮гҪܣ̫ʱ䣬׽һʰȥˣ̸ãҲܲ
ԪĿ᲻ӻƽֱ̨ܵģЩǰ¼ƺã̳ȸҶͬʱһֱᡣ
Ҫ˼˵¼ֳķѵʱͺܳʱڵȣҪȣʽ̨ҲҪȡ
ȻȶҪ֪ȹҹȦǺʵģߵﶼأֻʣЩճûСˣѾǺܲˣֻʲôŵ󣬿ݵһû˴Ƿǳ¡
ҶҲܳһʱʱڣʱŸճ˵ĳ徢ڴûȥֹЦˣǳ̳ǵǸƺ
֮ĿİϰЩѧϰôƢ͵ʱҪͣһֱ죬ʵɾԼûкϸ
ֻûվڶˣҲףֳʱٱӣһ˾Ϣҡ
ʲôǲˣԼɳϣЩɢֱ
ȥԱԽӲŵˣױʦҲûйϢֻˡ
Ҷһҡҡͷֻ뵽ǰһЩ£ʱʢģеЦ
ô˵һμԷڵĳЦЦҲδиı䡣
ô˵أҶתͷҲȷʵԼʲôƢһҲûƽϣתʵԣյʱʲôӵģ
ôһԶ˶٣ôشŽ˵Ѿȥ̨Ǳˡ
걻תעȥ˴֮ķ˼ԵĻԸ֪ǲΣֻͽһЩǡ


64 
ʮ֮󣬡ƽɫѾʼĴ㣬һڵĲʱҲճ̣Ŀٷʼ½ųһЩλαת
һڣػܿѣ˿ʾԼżڴǰŸȶȵļĴۡ
ΪǿŮģͬȿλֻǷ˻˸޼ͬ￴ν⣬cp
ССֶѣΨû³ȥܣֻмı˻ȥĳЩ˲Ҫȶȡ
·˷ʼ𽥳Ҷ֣ںʵܿˣ۾Ե˼ڶԷҲֵid
idwxһһ򵥵ķ֣עбĬϵĹٷ˺ţֻһдڸеرעһ
·һ۵һָһ٣ϵЦ⵭Щ
һ䣬ûҶ𣬺ܾǰ˴ӾЦĳᰡ
۵ĺ׹ޣ滹δʾظ㿪ۣһʾͬҲྵֵҲ䣬һӦҶķ˿е⡣
⣬ǲò罻ѣҪcpҲǱڸྣǹʲôĺȰ
ظޱۻҪ࣬ʮԵָͣͣûеȥȻû֪˺ţСΪã˵Щ˿˶
ֶ࿴ظЦ˼ʮ֣඼ͬȴƫƫϲӳɶԣҲ֪Ǻ
˳水ֻתͷڸǰеˣûйȥԼ￴һ
һг̸պڹ˾еСɷãʱ˿ʱ仹磬Էһ򷢻ȥˣŮûҪǴô
׷ûüŪңֻ˼ڼʱͷˣҲȫ
˵Իǵһε˾ңҲǽһ¹ٵطת
ңмϰңʱ˾ǩϰҶòľϹǰ
Ůζ㣬ȻǾϸѡģڻûг񶼻ģδڴ
ǽңҶ̾˿ЩܴҪ޼գǾгƷܱܲȫ
Щ˶ʱϵĹâȫɢˣҲһЩ˳ȥۼĸ𽥶˳ģѾûиտʼô⣬ܼһЩʲô˺٣ԼҲòΪһЩЭ
ĹâûɢҲûС
ôشģЦЦ˵㲻ʩû˵˵
һѵ·ʱҪЭģеĳЩ̸ֵ֣ʱŹâ
һĸƮֻͷȥԷָԾټϣ΢ͷЩƽʱĸ꣬ܳ
һ˵ͷֽдʲôƿߣĿΧɨһȦڽﾹȻһŹ٣һִԵЩ롣
߹ȥָ⸧ңϸϸ˼ۣ㲻ʲôƷֻ˵пɣǰõȸͨ
ӹǲãܳţڸҪЩĥʱ£黭ԣʱ˾ͻḧһרΪһ١
˼֮ûټˣЩٵɫ¾ŵ꣬ջ֡
ôȤ
û߿ԷƮתͷͿղųԼ˲ٵϿ
ͷʱ̫ˣҶеᣬ̧һ£ȴɨվźõĹǰ
ٴ˾ʱˣ̽˵ĸǰģǩ˾ûٻپһֱˡ
ҶҲдŷӵǹݵרȥʦһ£ԷʲôΥ͵ĵطԼ㲻˽⡣
Կ£ֻЦġֻҲټֹĻӻ
ȻֲʲôҶĶԾûйˣƵٺ£ַ̧ȥ
Ҷ㶣ɵֱ壬Ŀⶢ˵Ķ
ѹң߹ϵƮԴ¶Цٲʲô٣ɫпɡ
Ϊ˵޻Ҷ״ˣ۾ֿ֣ȷϵȷڵ٣ôʲôᰡ
ĵ̾üĲң֧ϥԷĵһװֱ湫ӣǲʱݲд֣٣һЩϰá
δ٣ϻ裬мβңԲ⣬Ҳ˰񫣬ָ©һڣְͣϣ̧ȥΨһĹڡ
Ҷһߣֱ֣£ܹȥͽԱߣԣ㻹жҲ֪ģ
֪겻Ǹ˼Ե©һģסɫЦʲôܡ
Ҳ֪ĶܣҶƲƲǣֲңһ㻹֡
ֻԶȥ⣬ôҶǰŪء
ҶĿ֣ٹάԼ֮᲻ӣٵһ׸Լ
¸ߣҲǫ飬ΪԼߵԲͬ򼤰Ỻ
Ҷķǳ񫣬ֲó򣬵ûнޣ͡
ٴ֣ͣ۾꣬˶٣һһ뵯
ͷϵҶȻܾ˵Ȼѧһˡ
ջϣԴƺ˼һʲôŶָ⣬ٴβߡ
ǰʱҶûʲô㶣Ŀ˵ٵƵϡ
ӣûɾͲ֪ôȥĸ裬ԷֻһξȻͼסˣ
Լ׵ùٵоֹ¸кˣѹ²
ֻһȴǵúûʲô©ĵطҶĿ׼Ȼֹĵطơ
ת˿Ѿ̧Ҫĵ꣬һȣָ¶δͣ͵תһ
Ҷסˣ̧ڰգлƵǻȻʵν֮󣬾ͺһе˺Ȼӭһ⣬ǰܽȥˡ
Ȼֹ԰סңתͷ֪᲻᲻ˣ뵯
ҲֻһСֵ뷨滹һףӱϾ󲿷һЩ룬޷ȫУֻһΣʱ֮е뷨öԷ￴ǰ·йҫġ
Ҷģûлع˵Ĭ˺һͻȻ૵ԣҺ֪ôдˡ
˵ԷӻĻᣬ͵ܿӸٱùǶļֻϵ˷ܣٸҺһ飡
ûԥ̸ϣ֪ʱһ˲£ץס˲
ٸ֯һľȻܺгֲͬͺǲͬʱյĻ档
һڴĿ£תڵͳãܿӭƿһеϣȵâҫȴֹƽʼ滺Ǵ󳹴֮ĵȻ
ҶһڣϵֹżҰ˺ܾãƺԼҲдˡ
ûдֻôЦ
ԣҶ̧ͷ϶Ǿϲı飬¼͵˹ȥסԷҰ׸дˣ
סײ壬Цĺ󱳣˷ܵţܰ
Ҷڿﲻ԰ΣһŤֱ˵Ĵϣֻ̧סĲӣԼû뵽
ʱ˶٣˸߲ҵӣҲǲ̫ˣֻסֹ̫˷ܵȥ
ԣⶼĹͣô뵽ôдģҶڿ֮ûԼѣڳһֻס
ֱָ̧ϣ̧۾㲦
Ҷ㶣ϵЦݵȥ۵һ˿ݣԡ
֣ƺǱ΢̧°ͣסԷµǣ۾䣬սſ˱ȥ
飡
ſڵķ򣬴ʲôһѸٷֿתͷȥ
лҪ˵
С͵͵ȱˣ


65 
ԸҶϣ嶼ͦúֱ˫ƽϥϣü۵ʹܹɡ
棬̳˫ֱվţɨɨȥҲû˵һ仰
ҵĸͺãû˿ڣĺһڵ϶Ե̡
Ҷ̧ۿƳߵˣͲסֳţ̽㣬ǡ
ȱ˵̳һֹֻջʱĿڣԼеĹҾһ
Ҷ죬תͷ˽˸񣬶ԷҡҡͷֳֻĬŮһϢʱ䡣
̧̳˰ͷתȥ۲Ϊ˿֪òɹųõĿʱһż˱һʲô飬Լ˾Ȼ˼Ҵϣ
طŹ˿ղľİſڵĿ˶ûƽԼҪԵЧ豣
Ů˵ıӰҶѵõе㲻¶Էһͷ֣Ȼ˻¸һڣ촽Ҳֵģ
̧ͷȥԷϼᶨɫ֪ʱˣ¶Ц⡣
ȰԼĵĳ̳ȱһŪһ͵תĥһʲôû˵ء
ҶǸƢ˵֮󷴶ʲô˼ˣƹˤֱ΢ͷӣҪǰҵ̬ȣ顣
һػ죬˿飬ְ̧̳סʹĶǣֲǲɢţ֯Ůĸ
֣ϹԱߵ£һʲôʱʼģ
ôһʣҶֽ˽ͻȻе㲻˼̧ӣ͡졭
üһѾһˣ˾Ƥӵ°ȳ²֣۾Ҷ˵ǰܲܿº̸⣬
ҿǹˣǳ嶯Ҷ˵ͷŻ˵ʲôߵ˰ס֡
˵ģĿתǽյҧŮˣ̽㲻Ҫָģ鲻Խ
һ˵ĸ֣ҶľͻϵΣȣס֣Ҳˡ
ǿʼӣ̳̲ס˸۲࿪ߣã˼ǸԧĶˡ
ҶҲûаӵĳףչɿ͵̽㣬û㣬ֻûҵʵĻῪڡ
̳ȲŲˣЦһҪǽ챻ײˣʲôʱʣ
Ҷƿԣʵ֮ǰȻ˵ߵˣʵûףǵ˾ͳϣҪû֡Ǿһһ죬û뵽ôͱץ˸š
̾˿̳ȻɫĳĵҲµ̸Ůѷ۲࣬ɵӰ첻ұ˶ȡҲûκƫ壬󻷾ȴһǵĹϵع⣬ʲôĺ׵ġ
ЩҶھ˽ʱѾǹˣʱ˿ûгĬҲº⵽ѩأȦҲڣҰ˵ģֲֻеһ·ҿתĻȥʦҲʹͣ£Ҳ
Ժܲ죬û뵽ÿ쿴ûûεģܰʲôûȥǣȴһжˡ
̳һûʲôʾתĿתϣ壬һÿһֱҪ͵͵׼ֻҪ뿪Ǿʼղܹ󡣡
֪˿ûԥûпֻĿԱߵϣֻҪҾͲ˰벽
ǰʮǿ﷦ζģʱಡ齣˶¶ˣܶණ˵пޡ
ʲôȱ׻ҪǰҪռʲôΨǰΨһļ֣ץסˣͲٷ֡
Ҷڴ˼ŨҵɫʣִˣߵˣֻҪһ㣬߽һ㣬Ļ֣ᷢ˵Ĳ֡
ڣѾޱֱףһˣԼôô
̳һʱ֮û˵ֻĿǣðŵͷ̾˿̧סɽ࣬ǶѾôˣһ˵ʲô
ü˳ĿװɵҶ⻰̧ͷ¶Цݣ̽㣬㲻ˣ
ҷ𣿡̳ȷεĿƢжֲǲ˽⣬һ϶ʲô˰ͷţƼ˸ڳҲǸɲ
⣬ΪԷز嶯ƽ￴̵ĺܺ˵ȻҲô
ǼȻѾ¶˾ģԼֹҲõģôæţһ¶ָôԲȥ
̾˿ԼбҪȥҹŶӣ⼸İõʱиʲôֲղţ뵽̧ۣͬ»Ҫ鷳ųңҪǱô죬Լҹ˾ҲСġ
Ҷ⻰˵е㲻˼̧󾱣ûʲôѽղ⡭
Ժʱţ⡣̳ȲŲĽͣҧĺأתֿˣףͶעɣʱñ׽
겻뷴ʲôְסģЦŸͷӦá
ԼתͷȥԼﲻף˺İ̳¶Ц⡣
ΪˣҪ侲ĸ˷ףȰǼʱֹ𣬿ΪѣܸҶӵһõĸ飬ܿҸ
һɫô尢˵𣿡
Ҷһʱû˵ҲûǺøô˵Ҳ󲻵ĸ֪ϲһ˻ʲôӦ
֣ΪһȦִսô֪꣬µĻ֪öôıס
尢ǱȲż˳ȻͺáĦ£˿ڣ֪ºѣ
ԡҶתͷ־Ͳ֪˵ʲôˣԷеĹǡ
ԶЦЦս֣ԼϣǶݸ鶼ǳ嶯һʱΪάЩǾֻһһߣ֮ܲ
ܾòܹһίԼֺγأû鲻ԽԷҸɰŮӣӵһļͥ
ĦŶԷ֣Цҹǵıӣе飬Ҳøʱһ̬
Ҷ˵̲סЦӵǿɲǣǸƢ˵ҪӴ϶Էȡ
һЦ̳ҲЦЦУȻʲôǹˣҾͲˣЩԼһᾡæš
̽㣬лл㣬֪ΪˡҶϵЦ֣صĿ
СЩΪҵĻñǸĻԺ㣬ٸˣСӡֹ̳ȥ˰ͷŪĲ⡣
Ҷ˰ѣ˼ӣʲô̧ͷ˳̽㣬ղҰдˡ
̳£һŷӦ˵ף֪һֱһ׿סӽвȥѾܾˣģ
Ҷ˵ͷߵˣǶ˿Դմ˵ļŮ˸֪ǵĹϵҲ˼̫׽Եİ£ǵ
˵Ҳ̳ٷӦĻᣬ˾ͻ˹ٱߣʾ£Լ±
߹ȥվԱߣһӺ꣬춼û˵
ôҶż̧ͷ۾Ȼڴķ
̳ûŶӽʲôһ⣬ôԼдҴ
ΪԷԥһ£˭֪û˾ҡҡͷ
Ҳʣȫķʽ֡Ҷʱе뷨׸־ͽСԡ
ֹŮˣҲܾȣϸһ룬ʵķӱѾǳйԣôĴʽȥиõЧƻ⾳޴ʣܸõĳӡ
̳ȴǳĬ˺ܾã֪Щʲôǲʱ̧ۡ
һ˾ȡѣҲķһЩʱ䣬ǡ˶٣˲۾һᾡ
Ҷ΢۾Ȼдˣʵûмŷ뷨ֱȽйԵ繫˾ǱܻѹΪ߲ò㣬˱ȽСڣû취ܿĸ˾ɹ棬ЩѾϰˡ
û뵽Է˵Ļܷ֪ܵܲŮ˶׸ϿɣҶ¶Цݣͷá
лҪ˵
̳ȣǲ


66 
űӺˮԼˣÿ˿鼦⣬һЦȿȿȡ
Ҷһ⻹ûŽͱĶȥŻæֽüô£ܲ״
ûû£û˯áεЦЦæҵĲ죬ְϵˮɾ
Զ˶üëǲʲôյ˵߹ȻƮ˹
˵ݣҶ¶ЩȻЩ۵ЦЦһͷ˼ϣιҳԡ
Ůӵһĵһ⻵С̧ͷٶҪŶˡ
ҶЦһʵãü̽㶼˵ˣ
˽еΣЦŵͷ˿ˮ׳۽յİţԥԥʵһˣ
ôŰҶ°ǰ˿գգ۾ҪҪӸǸ֤һ£
ǵãǵãţæ֣ҵ󿿣ֱα
̳绰ʱ׼˯Ϊһ϶û˯ţϽӵ̲ס顣
ƽʱûôעһСٶȷʵô㲻һζ̽ʱ䣬֮ǰԼ΢ĸоˣ˼ҸųС壬ڸ
ϧҶʾ˲֤źһ˫۾ȴЦķӦ˼ˡ
߽ʵ̳ȺˣҪǿǵǵʱ䳤Ҳ˶ãǰ֪ʲôҲ԰Ǵڻ
⼸֮ԷҲûʲô쳣ų̳ȻûᣬҲûϣ֮¶
˵ˣûʲôˣǰŲŲ첲ϣϵ˷ܵôһģ˭ȸ׵ģʱʲôΰ
ΪôôءҶÿӸյǿ鼦ŽϽԷ»г̡
ӣҲ֪ղŶ˭ڹȤһˣҺ
֮һһֱû˵ЦģѶԵ˿Ӳˣ˻ؼһϺʡ
Ľܵζû˰Ե飬ʵʵͷǷû˼вˣԼԡ
̸ߵ֪Ҷ˺ܶ࣬ǰڵģоǣԷԼ۵顣
ֻҪһĽʱתͷῴ͵͵ǣ֣ƿ߿߶Դһ֪˾֣壬и̾ʱ֪Ҳһָ
һг̻صңʱ䲻粻ŵ࣬ǡƽɫһ죬˵ӻƽ𵵣ѾһСʱɴҲ׷ֱˣ˸ϴ軻˯£ĿҶĴóƽĿ
ĿʱһСʱײѾˣȥʱǵĻķ˿ˢ֣µľȽ϶࣬ż˵ġ
ϵľͷ֮ǰΪķųˣʽĿһʼųһڼϵĻ档
˷񷢲ǷֿѰסһЩҪĲ֣ܿ쵽·֮ȿ񱼵ĵط
ĻпȺóʲôģҲ˵ʿֻһ𣬴һûϸ
ͻһתһƵ·ϣͷ羰Ļķ˿ż
Ľ֪ˣԶԱȷʽУȷжæң֮תĴͣԱȺǿҡ
ǲǹǸϿ
ȶȻ보û粻Ըܿ𣡣
Ǹʵתĺܿģܲס˿ۼУһ¾Ͳ׽ˣƮȥ˵ĵĻ
֮˸зܶķ˿ڸлԷչķ˿˵ĺᡣ
ҶЩƲƲ죬ŵ²ۣݼֻĿϧҵƣһøжȡ
˵Ǹˡ̧˼Ķ
Ҷһû˵ƽĿԷľͷܿ͹ˣתϺĻ档
ΪʱԱȽϷɢͷҲɢÿ˶һ£ʱҲͬ
ˤȻ˳˷ܸĵĻƣȥԼ
ϻײԼİɣ˺öࡣ
ģÿɰ͵·Сӣҵĸַˣ
˵ڸҲŵģǡ
̸·ĵĻܿΪתľͷ˿ûûͣã㹻Ҷˣ̧ͷüҵķ˿Ҳܴ˵е
ΪС¶Цݣͷ۾ϣЦô᲻ᷢǵܣ
Ǿͷ£Ҷ°ϻ˸ףָһĺᣬʱ͸֣ʡίҵ
סֵ֣ʾĿѾӮĵطˡ
ҶٶתߣȻΪĿĻַܶ඼ʾϷڴлĳȫ
ЦЦĵ˿̫棬֪˸ɳͯ磬ǿϷ档
ǺܿڴĵĻƽ̾˿̾һԼһȥġżͻȻʧȥ˼
ԽߴӻƵϣΪʲô뿴ͷյߣ㴩ȹӵģƯҲ鲻Խ
˵ʱŵͳҶһ٣ȵתͷѧˣ
ǻ𶯷Цְ̧ԴתȥĿȴͮͮĶϣʱΣ΢òʵʵ˵
ǽĿ¸ϲҲǾýʱĿ̫ԣų𲻱ҪĻսԺǽǵĻԼٵڶгʽȥˣҲߴߴĸ˵ʲô
ڵ˹ǶڴĻڣҶ˶ֱָŵ˷ͼƽԶ
ҧҧССһۣʵʵİջ̫ˣ뿴Ρ
ʱ˧Ͱһ㶼⣬ܶԷôȷʵǳԽҶҲϣȻ˧Ļѡ
ĻҪڵԼ¶ĥǻ˲ٻȾΧûͦأ¶ĵĻȻһʱհ׵ļ룬ֱ֮
Ů˭
ԲۣҶ
ڸʲôĶֽŮˣ̫Ưˣ
֮ǰ˵Ҫͯ£Ĵ粻ǹҶ
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ĵĻǿҶģһ㶼ģºˣŮװӱȫ񿴵ˣְҵвĥĺʷ
תͷ޿ı飬չȥգЦŰοû£㻹Ưġ
˵˻粻˵Ҷ˵ƽҲ졣
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ȻϷǲеģָȥķ˿ˣ·˹ȴʾʧ
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Ǻǣ˼ĳѾȥˣҶĻüҲѾǵˡ
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ҲֻҲģ
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Ļһ֣вˢˡcpszdһ·˹ڣһֿҲǱȽǿֵΨۣͼֺǣŮǾͷġ
ȻҲм˵ıʾ߸粻Լ˵ҲУʱ٣ûĻܿͲˡ
лҪ˵
&㣺Ҫġ


67 
Ҷ˸cp²İ⼸Ҳô꼻һֵcpǺˣӣС֣ЩﶼǣЩûҲΪֵʲôԭɡ
ǰ²ϲᣬûʲôνܿͻᵭȥҲɲʲôӰ죬ؿɲһѻԱ߿ء
תͷԷûʲôرı飬뻹ǽһ䣬ģ롣
һЦ°ͷϲ˲䣬һΪʲôҪЩ޹ؽҪۡ
˵Լ˱Ǻͱ˴ճһЩãǶԷְҵʹȻܹ⡣
ȷʵûʲôˣҶͷˣ˲˻˸Ѻãתͷ
ֻڿƽϻʱֿŮ裬ô˸һɶ
ӽ쿪ʼҶŮˣ
˭Ⱑľ
ķ˿Ϊʲôҵȫ̶Ҷϣ
ǰģΪѾˣһ˧ŮװҶͺпͷ
ǳΨһһβcλɣһ
ŮҪpick㣡
Цˣʲôз׷ֳϲʵ
Ҿ֪Լλ᲻ε
Ҷ̧棬ֱֹ뵱뿪ϵ涼ѾݲˣʾǺڡ
ͦõ𣬴ҿĶܿġֺ޲õԾķӦԺЦָ֣ڲ˲ϵ⡣
ʲôãֲ´´Ҷתͷ۾°ͣϲĻһͷȹӸ㰡㳤ôӦҲɡ
סƤְؿڣЦûԼܴǸһȽϺʡ
ǼҶҪ˹ȥҧһѽӵѾ뵽Ԥƽ屻˶һߡ
߳ŭҪڣס˵һ㣬ҧгݣǰȰ㣬˭˭ɲһ
Լֵ۸ңҶסܿĵĳס˵Լקק
˳㣬˴ͷü̶ֳȿɲ۸ûء
Ҷ㶣ܾöԷ⻰ڿıʵ̫ˣֻϵ˼
ȴ̲סһ˽Ҳһʱˣƽʱ׽ǽǣֻϻһΡ
Ҫ˵ûǲܵģһԣҲᣬʶ֮ǰҲżԼ嶯ʱ򣬸˵ϲһ
ǶԷһֱû˼ҲͲᣬҪ˵˲УϴȣͦеģǮҲһġ
Լѵǲϲ壿ӦҲǰɣҶ㲻񣬵Ҳûٶ۵ַϣʱԼڿĴʲôģ˶᲻ڵıܿߣ֮ǰҲǱ˻ġ
Щԭ򶼲ǵĻǾֻһ²ˣԷ˼Ƚϱأ¶˼
ЩϲԼƽʱ̵飬Ҷ²׼ȷԼ˸Ĵָ̧ۿˡ
ǼȻѾ£ҲȶЩҲ͸ճˣûѵ˻ҪţȻ˶Ҳǲԡ
ԱĪ׼ôˣͻȻоקڵɣָĦǣһ֣Щ˵ķʽ
ԣ˿ҺͱcpĲ⣿Ҷָ⸧˵ǣһֱм䰼ݴ˳ᡣ
Ķ΢̧̧ͷԲ֪ʲô£ûлشѯʣȥ׽˲ʵ֡
ҶûԸܿ˵֣Ƶ˵ľסսֱܸܵԷϢʱҪҵʱҲû⣿
Էס壬ֻ󣬲΢۾Ҫ˵ûأ
ҲšҶͷЦЦֵͻȻȹӵʱʹң˭Ҵģʱû룬һ룬ǲڳԴף
Ե󣬸ŲĦߣϴЦû˵Ĭˡ
ҶЦ̧̧°ƺҪȴתͷĴǲȥͣڶߣǸʱ㿿ʲô
ִһ·ϻ˵ĺ󾱣ָָڶλãûشǸطһǡ
Ǳϵ¶̵Ҷ£ֱսֲԺͷоʪӶһ·ӵ羱
̧ͷ°ͷļϣղŶԷգ׵Ļ͹Թ˯òҡ
˶ﻹ˯ţҶҧҧֱ̧ӿϣǵеı仯޴ɲأԣҪ˯𣿡
˼ѾĺȷˣΪĿ˿Էȴĺܽ˵Ķ䣬֪Լʲô𣿡
û˵˵ͷɫ˰ס˷ѹڴϣڴͷůƵĵƹֱҶֹǸˡ
Ҷӣ֪е㲻˼˲ּܿᶨĿȥ˭ǰҲ밡
Ϊǵڶѣ۽΢΢죬ճȭȥഥ䣬ûлˡ
Ҷ׵ĴڷŹ죬˳°ǣϵ𲱾¶ЦҲŲڡ

賿һʮ֣ԡﴫˮϵ̨ƹߵĺܰԱߵɢͰ͵˯£һֱ̽Ӵڴࡣ
ſŵҶ˰ͷ΢۽ޣƺĳûлع
Σתͷ˿ԡ͸Ĺߣͷϲ˲䣬ղŵ£߳ϲá
˺ģѾΪ˫۳죬ɸ׼СĲԸˡ
жԷĺᣬԴ䱦һϸѯ᲻ʹ᲻ܣֻҪԼһΡ
ҶſڴϣǸطɱЩʸУϼûĲһΡܺõ顣
ֲ˲ͷշ죬Ц⣬뱧ͷ̫ˣôôˡ
ԡˮͣˣźܿ챻򿪣ֻ˯߳¶ܿļʵĸǵλȴʱ˵һӡ
ߵ߶ϴڴߵֱۣеס˸ˮźˣȥϴ裿
ͷֱƿӰ˱תԡߣߴԷϻ𣿡
Ҷ˫ֻ°ͷ˵ļϣҡҡͷԼڵ״̬һΣЦ۾컹г̣Ҫơ
ԡʶ̧̧ۣӾ￴ӳĺ󱳣мץۣһȣͷ˾߲ٿԼͦҰġ
Сû⣬ԡǰ˷Žˮˮôõ϶Ĵ𸴵ͷˮӡżǺ۵ļϡ
ҶԡϣͷŰϴˣüЦЦȷһϴԡ׺ܴݵˡ
̧ۿ꣬΢ۣ߸ˮ潫ͷɨһ飬г̵Ļ
ˮﻬ˻ѼҲȥҶЦû˵շڻǱˣ̽һ
ʵԴԼĻʳ֪ζҪҲѣ㹻ϧԷ
²˴㲻ƺҪģָ˳Ż˵ĶЦ۾ӳűĿϴ꣬շ
лҪ˵
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68 
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ѯתͷһ˸ߵܹл˻ΣƯë߷һΥ͸жûУȻȥ˰ţһͳֻƬҡͷ̫ˣѾѾ治ˡ
ϹʲôĳˡҶϱԹţҲûȥתܷŻػܣʲôأ֮ǰ͹Сˡ
ٿɡֻǰʶǣ֣˶٣Ȧס󣬴ȥܣʱ仹磬ż
ǰжʱûϵ¸˵绰˵ŮѾѾҪˣûʱȥԸٹ¾ԪǸ˿϶æûʱ棬Ҳǰһۡ
Ļ԰ҶҲϣϴȥ֮Ů߶磬ȽаְֽеĻڡ
ǳúÿС㣬Էô̾ʱΣ˵󵽹ŮѺԼϸ׵ĵλˡ
Ҷ£ˬĴӦˣϵ̳ѯܲܵг̣Ĺǰ
ǸСѾͷҲϲһԼѺֵܵŮ˼˵ʲôǵȥġ
̳˵¶ڵ绰٩Ҫżˣаοʱúñ֣Ҫˡ
ҶЦôżˣǱ߾ͲңԼǹүš
ԷܲмЦһ˵վһ˵ĹܷҪӲ֯ǲŵġ
ҵ绰ʱҶĵ´ξ͹֪ʲô˿һ˽˻·ʵؼˣЩǸơ
Ϊʲôװ޿ɰߵѡԭֻѾѾ͵׻̫Сܶණ棬ѡ˰Ҳûͷ
Ҫȥڵͯװ·ɣѾѾĴһǵãһʵԱӦòֿһҶ顣
ûʲôͬģ࿴ҵҲãѡһ²֪ʲôǸǰͺˡ
Сӵ·ʽҲʼ廨ŵĶСɾµĹһͺܿɰƿŽȥеԱӭ
ҶտͷϵñӣܿԷֱӶӣȥӦԣԼߵԱȥ̨ϵСȹӡ
кŮأ
ԵºͣأѻҲͦۼ꣬ЦѼҵŮ
֪Լ˵ԱҲûΣЦЦ˵ǸѯӼ꣬ҪĻ԰ܼܻӭġ
ŶԷߵµͯװתͷ벽ˣòĸԱ˵ԼҪĻٽ
Щ˲ϲ˸ţԱû֣⣬Լתʱ뿪ˡ
ԶҶŰѿͷϵñȡ˦˦ͷ̧۶ǱߵĹȹƯѾѾϿ϶ܿɰϧ̫ˡ
Ǿ͵ȵʱٸ򡣡԰ͷʾԱߵС·װɡ
ߵ·ȫףʵȹӸ¿㣬ñΧСУҶÿϲգգۣǸѾѾһװɡ
ԺЦ۾Լ⣬Сӳÿ죬һһӣ򼸼Ҳԡ
ҶղŹһ۾ͿһɫС޷ëëѩף۵ѾѾϿ϶ཱུޣȡϸ˿⣬תͷ˸ȴһСñڶ꣬͡
˶٣ջûдţϲõЩԷļͥ״˽⣬ѪףѾͬİ·ĸ齨˼ͥһˡ
ûиԼһȢһŮˣһѪĺӣкŮãҲһǺļͥ
ԺҶ򴽣ǻ˶ĸ飬ֻǵĶԷź᲻Ľƽܰ
ϲ𣿡
ڶתͷͿվ࣬յúܽõ·
ԣҾúʺѾѾҶ˼ñϵİëָҲܺãӦú
׾ɡӵͷִԱߵļ˼ɫСȹӣȹĺܿɰô
Ҷ׷Źȥ£ɫܴ䣬ЦЦͦõġ
·ճһֳֻ󣬴ȥղͣСѵñĶܿɰе滹ж䡣
̧ۿ˿˸ղŴǶëñӣҶתͷпֵڣòƲĵϲ𣿡
ȻʶӦһ˶٣תͷ۾꣬ΧûˣЦôҪ
е䣬˼ô̽ԷҶ⻰£һգ̧۵ɹȥ˭ҪǣҲûֹܣ
⣿Զüë࿪ߣͻȻʲôЦҡҡͷ˵ԴϣչһӾ͹ˡ
˭ǺӡҶʶű˼Ϊ飬¿Σûסʵô룿
šԵͷգֹ˼סˣֻͷ࣬΢ͷȥ۾ҪӣҲֻҪġ
ежҶһѽֲһת
ЩõӶԷɢȥԲٶЦȾ۵ף岻õʱûȢӣ˶Է롣
һԷһŮС˫Ըӵһ˵Ѫģǲ룬Ǽá
ոڿѾѾ𣿡ҶΪתƻ⣬Ƕëñӿ˿üкġ
û򣬡ȴҡҡͷֻǸղſʱ򣬾úСʱǶ
СʱģҶϸ˿ûԼǲйñӣСǲ壬ֿۣͻȻӦ۾תͷô֪Сʱñӣʲôʱ
̽ҷƬͳֻ˻Σ˵ǰǰġ
Ҷ֪˽¾ȻֹͨǰһҪȥֻһܿҲøֵĶ̫ѹϿɾˣ
ΪʲôͦɰġԲŲģַֻŻؿڴ˵ʱȿڣѡˣٵá
ҶǺ̻ʬ𼣣ֻҧգŵȻصԺٸˣֻ
ѡõ׸ȹӣѡΧñӣ˵ʱڵԱƼ˴ȹļ޵㡣
˽г̣˾ǹҶ°ˣżӴ·ϽӵǱߴ򿪵ĵ绰ʲôʱ򵽡
ȥ˵Ѽ棬תĪĻеţֵֹļҳֳ̬̳֮ǰ˵
ȵ˵ط¥ֱס̧ͷȥ˶һЦ
һ·ôţһŶһǣĵ¶ܿˡ
˭ˣٺ˵ҶӲôһ˵ǰǰ档
֮ǰ˵ˣһ²˵ҲȫԷܷ֣ܲĴѹء
˳ӵıǣߣҲȥЦӯӯĿڵıӰ
ŵ£һ飬ǸϽѾں˫Ь
ǣ˵ûţ˽ţȰĴӵݹȥǸѾѾҲ֪ϲʡ
һǮ°˰ֵôӣεֻȽӹЦɣѾͷˣԼȥ
Ҷ죬˫ЬűߣʶۻڸǰˣԷֻǿ˿ǣûж⡣
Ь˿СѾͷɱ˵ص򣬴ʱվ˿ǣ۾һѿЦˣ
ҶеĻŭţһ߹ȥСѱ˵ߣ㻹ļǵҰ
֮ǰΪڵ绰ô˵ǿϾһĺӻ¶ͨǲסһεˡ
ѾѾСֱĲӣֲֽĸ磬ĵգ


69 
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԰˵ص¹ϹҺãߵɳ϶СԱ£ָڲ˲СѾͷһ
Ҷ̧סСѵĶ䣬̧۵Сǰ˵ʲôأ
ʲô˵ģüë˵ʵȷ
ᣬһ㶼ʹҶȴȣе㲻̫˼תͷСѵѾѾǲر𻵣
СѾͷܶʲôֻ֪Цקסָ档
磬壬ǲǲԣ֣һһСֶסҡҡĻýʲô
Ҷһ㶣Ī֮ǰİְֹ߳ŭĲһţ˳ʹȥſģⱲ뵱ְ֣ûˡ
½ĺݣһ˻ʹԻһ½Ż⣬εЦ
һ¾Ͷ̲˴ӳϴֵԷ߷߹СѾͷȽӹȥ
Դȥϴּ䣬˫һˮͷ棬ųϴɾͷ˲ᣬմѾѾϵζ
ҶҲͷᣬԼôûż̧ͷʱָԷľܽһʱɫԣչȥ¡
ûУ
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ֱ֮µЦЦϴɾֹصˮͷĸųȥ˿š
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Сڶͯϣ۾¶ĿǣڸʲôֻǿǶбԼûУĵ塣
ЦǺǵĿԼıӴչȥСһ֭СҲˡ
кǳԲˣԼȸŵ˿ӣתͷȥչ˹ŮԷ̧ͷЦŵͷˡ
ҶתͷǣԼҲ˿⣬˳뿪Ŀӿ˵ЦЦ
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Ϊкܶ漰ԣҶǺϲģĶˣȴĪľǸİ
֮ǰָо㲻Ũңʱ˵ĹϵԶû׽Ϊ֪һ档
ţЩ㱣һֶԷ˵һ˵ĸоȫʶ֡
֪ǲΪеĶˣܾԲ˸е֣ôأţºͣʺ

˵ͳһ̧ͷȴϵ˶ڿеεĵôˣ
Բ֪Ϊʲôڷ˳ͷЦ¸㣬һסôãûżҵĳƢ
ƢʲôƢ˹ʱȽǿӲʱº͵ģҶЦЦƢͦõġ
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Ҷû취˵ӣöԷҲֻЦ⵭ȥĲ˵
ܿ챻Ҳûٶ룬ӦŶԷֳ˼ڲˣڼ浰ʢòصл
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źȾƵĶۣеΣʱ·˶ڶǣ̹ȴȫû⡣
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Сﴩ·ӸһɰཱུޡСһһ
Ȼֻ꣬ƺŮӵԣѾѾҲ֪ԼµƯ·ԹԺȻԸˡ
˿Цã￪ſյ¶ȸߣ޷һҪ˵˵˰ñˣֻСȹӡ
Сһ̫ɰˣҶ˺üƬȻֻﲻܷû¿Ҳܿġ
ԿͷͷһƬĻһһСЦһɰŮĻӦúƯ
ǿ϶ò㡣
ҶûпڣŮ浵ЦЦְֵҵ⣬Ӧû̸ɣҿöǵķ˿ʲôŮѷۣż׵ġ
Ѿ̸ˣҶԥ»û˼ֱ˵ֻҵķ˿ãǴ඼ۡ
ͦõģ㻹ᣬҲżŮСĿһת嵹Ǹÿˡ
ԽαϵַŵϣԼ§£Цɩ˵ûǸÿˡ
Ҷһʶһۣ˼Ķ£̧ȥƳˣеš
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ŮӦһѱŵѾͷŻضͯԼȥ˳
ôԹȥˣҶҲ֪Ǹÿ޻ǸЦ;Լ׽ˣֵܹĿ§Լˡ
ģҲżûǾ´Σ쿪ĵĸСվͺá
½ֽʹڴŮͷϣ浾ŲֶĵˣΧСǸո裬ССĻⴵ
ѾѾܻ̫׹յʲôⲢĿģЦݲõĸŴһ֡
군һ͵Сѵ˯ʱˣ˶е˷ܣûһҪ˼
浲ϢңСһﱧ׼ȥ˯˭֪⣬ϲƯ֡
ĻҸɩһȥɣҶס֣ͷԸѾѾҡ
浵Ȼ⣬Ů˵ǸСճ˾˿ɲˣתȥ䡣
ҶǰŤͷʾ£ԷЦЦĵĸС˵Ż߿
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ϰˣԵͷһ˸ղ뿪ķ¶ЦǺܺõˡ
һʱû˵˿ھƣϵɫЩ΢Σʲôʱһģ


70 
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µͷûжԴ˷ʲôֳۣĬ˻ſڣֱ飬ǲô֪ġ
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ôԣֲϹЦ£һαеľҺϴֵʱûйš
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Ը˺һȷļû˿ҡʾ⣬ϲ㡣
Ӵչȥһ£ͬʱȵƣɬľҺ˳Żڴǰġ
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һԵһǲ˲ðŵ¸⻰ʲô˼
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˵òһ㶣ѹȥͷһתߣ˺˻صҲѹף֪֪ն
¥˼ţҶûüʵʩԼ뷨ȱԷӱѹЬϡ
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ԷͳЦǻ𶯴ĶԷֶ˶ͷ촽˵Ķϣô
˿϶ǹģҶеѪӿɶԷûڳûϷ˴
˵ġЦЦͷľѣ˲ྱƤϣһ
ҴˡҶϽȥǲ׽һ绹гأ˴Ҳ֪᲻֮ǰôᣬǱˣ
ԱֻǶһľͣ¶ֻںڰﱧĬһǵ£¸綼֪ˡ
Ҷһ㶣еأʱһ˶Ҫͷȥȴ˱ˣĵôˣ¸ܲˣ
ˣԲ˲հûУܸҵôõĶ󣬻ϲǡ
Ҷ˿ָо񲻶ԣŤͷȥڵĻȴֻܿ˵ô񲻿ģ
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˵£촽Ķ̾Ϣĵǰֻʶһԡ
壬ҲǱˣʶԷ˽ĲˣǼľеꡣ
ҶǾе֣ڶԷĻת§ֱϵɣ棬ںڰעǰ㵽ôˣǲ¸绹˵ʲôԸߡ
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֪ô˵ʲô˼Ҷ£ӵǻȥ˵ɣҪܵ¡
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71 
ƽɫܲգѾѾ֮ûڶھˣæµûֱؼҵʱϴλһСʱ
ϴʱѾڴˢֻˣϱˮĺλûɢȥŵԼһԡ¶ζ
Է̧۳λֻüɫĵ˵ˡ
һڽĿҲѣ˹ģŮװйأ˺ܾá
üչȥ˵ֻֿ棬ԷӦҲǸյ㿪wbͣһҳ
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⼸һȶȶܸߣһơ
ҶһѼ㿪ˢˢǽȡϷǶεƵͼƬྵˣʲôġ
üЦתͷŵˣ㿴ǻǺ۹
ͷͣĻϣǸոյ㿪ͼƬһĻͷмź򣬾ܽպڶӣѸͼ˸ɫǡǵа⡱
ЦЦǰһ׶˵⣬ʱ¶Լûֵİ⡣
Ϊ˲ٿƵʱʸУҶֻǿ˿ͼƵƬû㿪ֻ˳ƽȥˡ
Ǵ˯֮пˢ˭̵סѽĿˢ˯ž
ƽֵֻϢ̳ȷģһ䡰ǣ㣬ˣľս֪𡱣̾ţʾġŭ֮顣
һȻҲˣӣĵģʱǹϵǴģ˽顣
Ҷ˸ݰݵıȥʾǸ⣬ȴȫû˼ͰֻˣùƽĿ
ΪҪԳʼŻˢcpĵĻ֣û뵽ĿһʼƬͷ־ڸֶı￴ơĽҶcpҶcpszdĵĻš
Ѿвѿѹ߿ĶˢˣҶʾ⣬ƽţԼĿϿ
Խӵĺ˳֣ڸǵıϷȣڳһֻԼҲŲ˸λá
ڵĽĿʼڵڶ賿α컹ûʱͳżϣͷֱ洬ȥ
ϵʱͿʼɫѿ˼ΣҶȥҩĻķ˿֮û˸л
һտͿ˺ܶ࣬û˲ֺܻգһ·϶ֵġ
ǵĿĵصʱԶѾʼй͸ˣ洬ͣͷɨҶڴͷƵ
ճƯʱҾҪһ𿴾ͺˡһĻЩпʱ򲢲֪Լ⣬ֻһЩõĶˡ
Բͷ£յƵʱҲô롣
Ҷ̧ͷӶЦȥ˽һǳǳǣԺһĻᡣ
տճûü㣬Ϳʼͦסˣ洬ѾͣźҡΣſڴµѾûʲô˻ڸŻ嶼е㿿ס
ԱóİαֻҶһԣηסԷܵ˼ǻ㱵ģͷһͿϡ
ʲôö
cpַˣ
ѽʲôʱʾ϶ܡ
Ȼǣеã
Ҷ̧ͷȥ˵ɫߣϽ¶һɵЦݣ޹ģԼġ
˵겻أָͣĻϷһȫڵĻǣˣҸɲҶĵĻ㿴ˡ
һԲĿһͨͣ۾¶Ц⣬˵ĺ֪࣬
ûʲô˵˼Ҷŷģ˿ɫһ̧ͷΪʲôԴףǲǲںң
ѡȡ֡Цĺ󾱣ôҪĿӴƨɳͷУ
Ҷ𾪵ĵɴ۾Ա߳˳֣ܿˣҲǸҴ̿㶼߲ܿҿĴˣ
ЦİϷ񫷢§ͷúÿĿҪ֡
ҶþգٺһЦϣôһĿѾˣȥˮ
Ļʾһν֣˵ΪԭϷڲ룬һĹԱʱϣҲôҲҪ̫ģָ
ﵯĻͻȻͿʼǡˡҶcp֮ܶĵĻ
һתǾѾվ˺׼ĿѾһдԱֽݡ
˵ˣ
ֵʣⳤȣܵһС˰ɣ
Ŀ鲻Ҫʶ̧٣ӣҪ˵ȫϣ
ҵ죬ҶڣڱھѾôҶ٣ƭң
׷ջĸ㣬ڣ˱ȾͷϸʣƢã·ʱǹЦò
裬ҺˣСǲǵͦΣ
СûŮѣҿԣ
ˢıʾˣҶcp
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㲻¶ŮѷˣзҶб۾Ŀһۡ
ôأѾˣֻϲһԹεʼ磬¡
Ҷ⣬תͷĿϷʱ·˿С
ȵ۱ʱĻͿʼǣĿ鲻֪ô£۾ǶûмȼŶԷĻҲˣٿĪе߳ܣֹһô룬ĻҲྷˡ
ܿ𣿣
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ģΪʲôcp
̫cpˣ˫˷Χͺǿ
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˵ĺһʱ⣬˿ȻɫͷĶͻȻʲôȴΣ˵㡭ֱף
ΪװɣԴʾѾ㹻ţδ뾹ֱǡȣʵЩ⡣
ĶĶҶüЩ˵ŵɣǲ֪ĺá
ȶȣźܿcpʱֹpͼƬСģҪʮ˽ֳ߶ȡ
˺棬ûǱʵĺãԴ˼Ŀų̶˽⻹ǲѭ򽥽Ϊ
ĿѾ˵ֱʼǲĬڶڵǻ᲻䣬ֱҶ
еĵĻΣмźܶ˵Էģͷʾͬ˵
Ҷȫ̱űںѾľˣĻûЩ̾ݣȫǡҶcp˿Ķһʱ˹ȥ
Ϸڽ˻Ļ󣬺ܶ˶᲻ãй˵ֱӳֻһ̫ϧˡ
µĽĿҶȱȱԤʱ˸Ƿ˰ѽ˳ȥƽŻشͷϡ
˯ɣˡԼϵˣʾú£Էؿڲ˲䡣
ԣҶ֣ˡšһӦû˵˵һƽŵǲܹڣҲñķʽףǵİ顣
ֶ˶٣ԴȥˣԷû̧ͷԼĽǶֻܿԽı˳ĽëЦŽ˷š
лҪ˵
㣺doiˣл


72 
Ŀ첻ҶcpСһѣںļβɷлмʵ̽ǲǹ˾ǩµˣȴһ
Դ˾ͷǰҶֻЦһЦʾû£ıڣԺ󲻻˻Ц˵뿴˧ĿҪʧˡ
˶ЦһЦͰˣҲ׷ʣʾûֿܡ
ÿ£ͻ²ۣ˵òǵ鷳ԺҲϿ֣ԴҲֻЦЦ
ЦЦȷʵ˳һЩ̫õ˵ԵĻʱ·ԺܿͻȦ֮⣬Ҳ˵Ҷ豣ģ²۵
ֶѹÿֱӽ̳ȥˣѹѹøĸ棬Щ˿ȥˡ
֮⻹һСڽĿﴩ˶Էױ۽𾦵cp۰ǳˣĳһη˿ӻƵߵҲɨϴľǼ·
οֵǲض˵ʱֱ̾˿cp档
æµʱúܿ죬СµԪգۼ͵ˣǵ죬ϵֱᣬӰ˵ĹݵϢڼҶҪ¼һЩףƵж鲻
ֱ¼Ƶĵص㲻sУг̾ϵ˻ȥΨһ徻ʱ侹Ȼɻ·;
ǰʱ䲥ĽĿһֱûʱȥλ῿һˣвٵĻˢԸҶcpϧٳˡ
С˽˵֮з˿ȥĿٷԸ¼һνĿȫ̳
ȻֻǴСЦ˵Ȼ¼ĿƽɫļαѾˣܸı䶯
˷ɻƵźûʲôϢʱ䣬̸е̨ȥţ˻ױȴϵֱ
˺ܶ࣬Χ˲ٷ˿ڵԼҵż񣬸ַָȺۻҵġ
³ʱһУֹ˺Ҷ˺ԣһҶcp꿴ȥЦһ£һСƬС
˿кȺͻȻɧпʼ䣬תͷͿӳ
ԷҲҪ¼ⳡҶǰ֪ģֻû뵽ôſھײˡ
ô˵֮ǰҲ¼Ŀô˿Ųܲкˣֻվԭصһ¡
Ըܺദ߹ЦŸ鱧һ˵þò˿һС
Ա߿ţҶ̧ϴ£Ŀ֮άѺߡ
ƺԱߵķ˿ֻ̧˵ϣ뻤ǰ˿˷ܣиǰСﻹֱͬۡ
ȥ֮ɫ͵ȥǸקûֱӸǷֵ𣬴ž˸һ˵ݡ
һֱڸ˵²ŵ£˫ûʲôཻల¡
ǵϢҶͬһ㣬ֻǷһ£뿪ǰǵøʾ⣬ҲûĻ˾ų뿪ˡ
ڹԱĴȥϢң˼ˣٶϼİҲϤ򵥵ͷþк
ǰ滹мҪţҪ΢һȣǽг̣ҶҲżɳϷֻϤʡ
Լ״Ҳûд߳һֱܶԷ
۹ϢｭͻȻЦ˶̧ͷֻתȥղſз˿ƵϣҶ˵ǻcpҶcpĴ޳
Ҷüë˳ְֻӹߵһ˿Ƶӵʱʼ¼̨
мһ˵Ƶֻˣô΢ĸо
ַ˷ۣظ޳֣ĿǿԳԴɱʲôģŵҶcpۡ
ҶĻһɨϷְֻ̧֣תȥ޳Ҳᣬܸܲҽһ·Ҷcpô£
ЦݵĽʱһ⣬¶ˣʶҪȥֻԷ¶㿪ճȭջЦⲻû¶ȥ
ǣҶЦ£ֻֿס˵ĸ첲淢ĲҪȥЩ׽Ӱģ
˿ǴһǶ˿ĿֶԷ汻Ĺ̫࣬Ҳ뻻ζһ̫̫ͼСġȿȣô룬Ͽ϶ô˵ûֻվֺõЦЦȥλȵģ
СĶӣջߣ˵ıǼ⣬ﶺ
ÿ첻һҡҶӣֱֻĸ첲λΣü˵ոĳԴˣе£˿̳أ˵§뿪ǹʾģ̬ǲǰ
ûлش⣬ֻ΢΢۾˵°Լ㻹ʲôƫɣ
ҶչһЦ̧ԼֱƮƮĸ˸ԩΪһһ⣬ؿɼ
ԼȤЦûٱסЦˣְס󣬡á
һ߾Ǻð죬ҶҪȥ˲Żĸһ˱һ˱ţ̴
ϵҶҲͲŪˣcpûᣬȥţ̳Ϣҡ
ɲɣǰ˾Ȼе㾪ȣԷβţ񻹴泪
ΪһˣԷϢǲģɤҲȽص㣬ǵ̫ȣв覴á
֪޹ٱĵƬҶǾʵˣ£µǿʼͷ¡
Ѿˣ̨Ͻĺܿ죬ѻͲԱ·
̧۵Ŀվ񲢲⣬нӹˮ˼ڣͻȻϣлܸҶʦ³輼ɡ
׼̨ҶסϴνĿԼƵġоЩۡ
ᣬˮЦ£ת߿߻ӻֻ֣ͻȻˡ
ҲʲôˣԶˣſڣʱܰоеס
ҪĶ˿ȥҶ΢̧°ͣ˵ֱת̨
µĽ㷲յߣѹǲ˵ˣ
ЦЦ߷̨ϱQмλϣҡͷûУġ
ŵĹ̻˳ͽˣʣµľϢȵ˲꣬ʼʽ¼ơ
ʱﻯױʦױ죬һ׺°׿СװƷ£ûд©ĵطŴС˳ȥ
⻹ǵһμɫôɫԷҲܼԦסĵɫܺúл
ҵס𣿡ϢûˣҶоߣܵĲŪ¶ǰͷ
ԲͷһЦϣûԵġ
վԱߵĽĴֱۣʾԼǲӦ˳ȥڵطԳ
ЦЦڵľͲŰˣֹͣģʽ
ЦҶɫſֱʾǹӵҪ̨Ͽûʱ˵ˣԪ֣֡
֣ȱǰܿͷſʶȤλøˡ
ӵ°ͷ˵ļϣ΢΢𣬡֡
--------------------
лҪ˵
޳ڵģҶģ


73 
ԪҶĹǱ䱾æµΪҪӭľǸʢũ꣬ᣬɷãдԸգʱһҪշתС
תԲ̳Ȼڵĸһڣú˯һǰʱǵʧһɶ
ʵԴ֮ʳѾûǰע֬ʲôˣʣԲ̫֣æµº׾ݻȥͬģһǵ㱡ļͻʧ
ԣڳСʱһСʱʱ壬ҲܱסģҲήңӦǰĸǿѵ㱼˵ҲӦ
ѵ˯۾ʱ࣬ɫģָһ㴰ߺܰ
껹ڳ˯ԵͷСĵ첻ùΥķһ£ҪΣΪķæ֮Ҳǵͷ˯ˣԼҲû۾
˵˯տһСĳԼԴµֱۣͷϣƿӴһ˴
ڰ˵ңеңѵĸ磬΢Сʱ¥ͣ˾ܳԵ
æżңûʲôʳˣ˳Ҳ˻ڼԣĶǲ
ôģո긩Գûüһͱ˴Ӻ滷סһȵ塣
˶٣ͷһë׵Դĺϣָ̧֣ôˣ
о㲻ڣ˯š
Ӧǻûȫѣе㳿ɳƣԾĶת뿪ͷľѣ۾ǱŵģЦĻסԷıôﲻ˯
ҲҪһ˯ΰѵҶܻԴϲȥҲѹϡ
ϵԺҲãס˵ΰ˵üһıһ£ǵȻȥͣ
Ҷ˫ֻĲߣӦ˼ŵͷ㱧ȥϴ
ôأԼѡѣֻܳůĶףȥϴּ䡣
С¥µ͵ҶҲȥԱҲ֪סǣôС֣˸־͸ȥˣȻȥа·ϵñӿϾС
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Ҳһڡ˧ȥ˰ţҶĵͷ
ƽɫڶ֮ҲСһѣȻ֮û¶Ҳв˷бϳķա
۾䣬Էȥˣϰ˵֣˶ٻԼսڴ
Ҷע⵽Сеᣬûа취ǻǾ־ĺãֻܿһ㣬ֱһûϵ׽Ȼؼȫ
ϵĳǷǳģټٽ꿪ʼﱸģĳУҲ˼˵ľ档
ǵſڵʱɵˣ¶ԥ£תͷҪȥɣ̫ˡ
ҶҲôǵģȺֿͻȻ۾ͽĿڴס֣̫ˣ߶
¶£Цսֻ֣Ⱥţ϶㲻߶
ӵȺǣֵǲ⣬Ҳûע⣬ҶæµԼ¡
ҶǰĸߴӰŲûôڣҲҵԼĿ֡
źòĲ˽˼ţٶеǱ·ģȡ¿ֶӵʱЦ˳
ҶطȥҾӷȰʳķŽǸݶԷϲĶѾҪô
Ҳȥʵ·ʱɳϿӣߵλá
Ҷһܶǰ־ӰͷµϣʲôʱһȥӰԺͺˡ
еĵӰԺԶ֪һ㣬ûȥ˵ͷܻлġ
Ҷͷʵһ㣬ڵĵӰԺӦҲϳ
໥ſһӰĻϵŮ質֮ӵʱͿʼʵˣתͷԵľ࣬һһ¡
Է̧ĺ󾱣ʲô
Ҷ˵ļ̧ۿ۾ģ촽Ҳǡ
԰˵ôܾܾأŶԷĺʹ̧ͷѹȥסĴꡣ
Ҷ̧Ĳӣһȣ˵ĴϣļǣӰѾϾ˼
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ʱһͿʼ鶯˹æע壬ƽʱҪĲ࣬ͬʱе㲻㣬ţ־˳˵°׼̽ȥȴܿ챻סۡ
˿ЩǣĴָĨ촽ͳ·ֻ֣ʾĴ⣬ղ
еҶӦһŵصɴ۾ƽĸӣˬĥбҲҡ
ǲУ°Ħչȥ촽һڣһֵǧ𡣡
Ҷһķɶ˵ˣĵ
ֱ۳һԱ߲ԼԺЦִһգŤͷһۣ˵ļˣ
󻶱ܾҶй˦֣˻¶ȣϸûϢͷһľǿ
ôôɰͷٺ䣬Աߵֻһùһۣ·Ϣ
㿪ݿ꣬ĻԽŨң򵥻ظһ䣬ֻͷͷףˣţ
ҶʵҲǱܾеƣһҲɢˣһ˭㷢Ϣ
¸磬ûʲô¡ûжᣬ࣬ҲϣŮӲͬл𺦣²ƵѾһأ²ˣҪְ㣿
ڰڳҶһ㶣̧ͷȥԷϵһ˫۾Ķǰݣ˲۽ޣۣ˭ҪҲġ
Ц֮ǰǲ⣬ָڸ£˲٣óԵĲһ
û֮ǰҵĳ̬𣬡Ҷ׽סָ˻һͰιˣԲ۸ˡ
㲻ҪۻҪʲôס°ͽ̧һһΣŮѷۣ
ҪܣҶ֣Լס˵գ֮ŮѷۿɱҶˣѷأ˵ʲô𣡡
ԷһҲնۣקסĿϣɲҵ¡
ҶһתͷȥӰȥѾƬβĻˣùңֻһϵβҪҿӰ
ѹŷ˰ԺԩҲֻܷĵͷʵʵĸ˵
һӰһ緹ףҶ֣ϴϴ˵ݵʲôġ
ͨͨһлأһ𿪿ĵĳԷҼһڣҸһڡ
վˮرϴ룬ɾ˵ݸɣϸİЦ¡
ҶˣźתͷЦʲô
ûʲôʶҡͷüֵֻǾԼҲȻûôȤǺů
ҶЦݣȥסֱۣϲ䣬ţֻҪھõԼᡣ
ͷԹϴ룬ҪѹڼϵʵԸе


74 
һ֮֮ǸæĹڵζԽԽٽأҲϲͮͮġ
ĸҶε绰֪껹ҪȻЩҲϰˣٻеʧ
ûգsйҲûռ棬ҹûʲôżҵʱ䡣
ҶҲеΣǰΪִؼҺ٣ڸְ˵ͨˣȴǣסû취ֻܱ֤ʱȥǡ
ʻ·;УͷŴ⣬Щӳڲϣ̾˿תͷ˵ʲôȴڵͷֻ棬ضԷ˽ûдչȥƳĻֻüôֻ񫣿
ʶʱֻ˵Ǹ裬罻ã˿ʱóһ£ϣҲżˢһˢwbԼϢһʱȴ֣ܻڿֻ
ԲͷֻŽڴü˵Ȥû˵İã񫣿
Ҷ޷һǰ΢Ľ֪Է϶͵ЦΣյ۾
ƺǸо˺󱳴⣬һͦͦãĬĬӿڴͳ˶ϡ
ҶջߣתЦӯӯˣƲƲ죬
ЦЦԿһרĿ˾ֹȥסһ󣬡񲻿ģ
ʵҶûס̾˿ҡҡͷû취hУʧ䡣
˾ڵʱ򷴶æµǸ֣תĿǰڣ϶ҪΪҵǵģҪһЩ˽ʱ䡣
ϻ˾ڣԲȥͷֻһԷ֣尢ġ
ҶԼҲףͷЩЦû£ҸʱȥһҲһģֻҪܼǾͿġ
У¼Ƶص㣬ӻͣʰ³˾ȥͣ
ſڵķ˿кҴҽ˹㲥¥֮ǰг̵ʱ䣬еϵʱѾйԱϵߴˡ
ִᣬ˶࣬ʱ俨ĺ˲ֻ¼ֱˣûжʱ䰲š
ˣԱ̨Ǳߵʱһλ˸ոս³ʱ˼򵥴˸кûж˵
ûκϢʱ䣬ҶֱӱȥεĽĿǫ̨̃ʱܿ壬Աϸİѵϵı־ָ
̨ĸ߶ȴף󣬻ָߣûѹһӺȶ
ֻǲ֪ʲô⣬ʱסˣԱ˰Ҳûãֻóʲô⡣
ԱԱߵŷҶŽǶ׼ûüں̨߹
վ̨棬ſ˫̧ߣŸߴ꣬ɣҽ㡣
Է£¶ЦݣűԵһԾĻսֱȵվţ˱ģǰ
ҶԵļӿ£ϵϢֻʣİȫС
ӵֻӣֿܿԱȫûע⣬չȥ̨ˡ
һʱ֪ĶĿֻҶ裬ƹԺþͷȥϢˡ
ɣǰԲǺܷĵĻͷֿ˿Ǹ̨ʽ¼껹Ҫվ泪裬Щİȫ⡣
ģҶǷĵĺܣߺˮߵ̨һãü˶Ҫõ¹ذȫĿ϶á
ϣȵʽ¼Ƶʱ̨Ѿûˣ̷ǳ˳̨µĹҲܺãʱһֱں֡
̨ƽĽ˳Ĵ̨߹ʼ΢üͷչֻŵߵϢȥ
ҸоʱҪ̨ˡصϢû˱ˣʵ٩ûٳʲô⡣
ҶԿЦˣգգ۾յ˶ߵǲΪָߣԲź£
֪˵ϴĦֵ£ԺΣԴ࣬ڵİȫ㻹ҡ
ʲôʲô˵ʲôܸ𣿡ʲôĽˣתͷ
СµٴҶĪЦЦȥװΧĵط·Ѵָô£Է˵Ź֡
ûſڲ⣬йԱţҲûֻ̽˰ӣ˵Ҫżȥǰſڵķ˿ɢ֮ߡ
Էû;ˣü֮ǰûɢôʱɢʲô⣬˵ųȥˡ
ٶȺܿ죬Ҷ·ûһŻˣʾϡ
Ůȷˣôŵòᣬñſڱֹ˴ˣΪ˰ȫߴѾۼķ˿һ壬ٳʲô⡣
üͷ壬ΪϲҪܵ㾪š
Ҷı֪Է϶Ƕº⣬Լʱ˿Ȼ飬ǣʲô˶Уϲһϣãеȴõߴ̽˽ܻһı̬
԰ûô࣬˳ӻ֮ǰ粻Ҳˣһؼſڶ˸ףŵùǺֻǸŮӣûʲôʵ˺
һᣬԲҪұڣˡ˽ţЩĵĿȥ
ô̬һؾ͹ùˣҶסĸ첲Ц˵ˣڲ㱣𣬷˿ɶ֪max
ЦЦ󣬶Էͷϣס۾ʾиˣָȴϴ
һֿĻԾ̨ǱжҲܿ죬ûǵȶã֪ͨ뿪ˡ
ſڵʱȻһ˿ûǵĿ˸ղһĻɢΪżã඼ǻϵġ
ϵſڵıķȥʱҶתͷ̾ǳϦˣһ꣬ʱúÿ졣
ʼų̳ȵʱûڵΪֵĵһ겢æµΪְֵìܶûлؼң̳ȵʱҪԼһ˹ģڻֲɵ
˭˵أǵҸոʱŵҪ°ǰĽתͷ֪ˣԷֻеӲʱȻ˵װͰ͵ģʵ˺ܺá
أ˵꣬ҶתͷԼߵˣ°һؼʱǲҲף
ѯʵԻ£ЦЦֻ˳úƯ
Ư̲סöԷ˫ʶľչһ㣬ûǲҪˡ
Ҷû뵽ô˵㶣е㷢ȣ̧£Ʋ죬϶Ƣá
ǼǵԼʱ˶ԷһװͰ͵ģһӡá
ţҲûٽֻͣЦеĿ˿תȥȾ˱졣
û˾ڣǺȥһ󣬵˿ֻ΢˶ָûȥǲ˼ˣתͷ⡣
ʱȷʵܿ죬ڴ˼۾ʱļѴ˶װʱĵãϲãҲİĲ֪롣
ڣӳĵӰĲڴ˴˹Ѿȵ
ԱߴһССĹǷԻعͷ¼ƽĿǺܺķʱ£Ѿʮˣ˾˯һɣҽ㡣
Ҷͷһֻ֣ůвı۾ڳʻ΢ζʶܿģ
֪Լʲôʱ˯ŵģ㱼ʵĺʶܸоԼſһıϣϢģ˲ֳ˯ȥ


75 
Ϧͨ˵Բӣ˵ȴһ쵽æµûƬ̵Ŀʱ䡣
ҶһĵһҹڽĿ̨ԵҴҴææģҪŽ¼ơ
ĵУһ̨ϣһ̨£ŷǳңԶľӣԷȴܸܵ˴˵ߡ
԰˵ףδȫڵƵĴøԵ¶ȸ˶ԷҲһֱȽ귽ʽ
ѵ÷ݵĺǴһҶûǱһף绰⣬ƣѵչϴ·ڷɻ˯һ·
Կŵ˯²ʡϵ̺ӣָڲ˲գ¶Ц⡣
꣬Ҷгûôˣ𽥵ػָƽʱĳ̶ȣȻæܴ
Ԫ֮ǰ̳ļڣʱhȥ㸸ĸ
ҶĵĲУһĺܾúܾûȥˣʲôȥĿȴ˵һ仰ơ
㲻һȥ
ֻɴ۾ĻҳʾǹƱ˷˲䱻ˮˣΪʲô
ùֻŵһߣļһһžۣҸŻȥʡ
ѣʲôʵģҶü˻ȥԺԷȥˡ
üϽ˵üͷ࿪קס֣Ե尢ֻ̻֪ıڣǺ𡣡
ҡ
ְס촽δĻ»ȥ֪˵ʲôʱѵûȥһΣҪΪֳʲô죬Ҳѹ
ǡҶʵûʲôȰˣɴ§ס˵ſͷһ˻ȥ
һȥվȥ㡣Цͷִսķ㵽Ǳ尢ӦҲ㣬ϵʱһ̰ɣܿģֻһСʱĵĻԸҴ绰
Ҷûл˵ˣؼҵĿҲ˺ܶ࣬ſͰ͵ģһ߲һߺ
ͷľѺҲܿɰûסЦ̧ͷɹ۾ǡ㾹ȻЦĳĿߡ
Ц⣬һ˵۾ϣһ࣬ˣܿģʱҴ绰ұ֤ʮСʱ򡣡
ҶܲԸƱֻһţ֮ǰԸʰڶȥվڳϴÿ֣ڻ²۶ԷȻôΪʲôһȥЦͷ
λҲ٣һСʱĳ̺ܿ죬ԻһЩ˽վʱǵõ˸Լ绰
һͷӰʧǳǳ̾˿Ҳе᲻õģȥԷȷʵʱְָպͺãΪԼܡ
ңպҲеҪ뵽ͳֻ²˸绰ȥ
һ뷨뿪һֹ˾ƺЩ˼飬ԲڿЦ
ϴѾѾգ£ԷҲܾȣĬ˺һ˵һܲĻһ
ѾʮˣŮһ쳤ԽһڸϵرܲǸ¶һݹܳʱ̶sУжһʱŮҲ׬ǮǸõ
ǰǴʲô⣬һֱûãֹ˾о͸оһ
뿪ֹ˾һѵ£϶ĹģӹҿʼһһķѺܶľʱ䡣
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µĺܼᶨ㲻гʱı仯ҵأܶණҪѧϰ
´ͨģܹôӣڸͻ֮䣬ܻڵġ
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Ҷܹļ϶˲˵ϵʽ𲽵ĿʼչһЩάֺãԺҪʱҲã
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֮ǰʹ굱ǩĺͬƣʱҪˣպһʱﱸ˾顣
ڶԷʱԸԸЦЦʱʹѵȨ߸ţٲУҲԣǸʱԺģ˵ʲôӦɰúܡ
Ρһع񣬲ʶԼѾ˸վҡͷʧЦ˼Щˡ
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ȫûΣֻŻؿڴü´οɩӣԷʱǸʲôģ
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ͨ󣬶ͬ˯µ꣬ǸȽİķ䣬Լ۾
ԣûң
ЦһԿڴͷ˸λãĻıͷǲϲŷֿ𣿡
ҶƲƲ죬ˣô˵϶ûˣǹˣ
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⻹࣬Ҷˣ¶ЦҲһ˻᲻ܼįЩʲô
¸һ棬ԵûԷҲûдЩʲôأڲŸҴ绰Ӧùĺæµ
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Ҳ뱧һԷֻʣԼһ飬ô룬ȴúøĸദԺԼٸ
˼䣬ҶͻȻʲôˣ컹أ˵˽Ŀû뵽ϾҲô˧
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ҶҲǣɴ׵ԺҪ淢˵ʲôóû̹ףһضҪġ


76 
ѵüļڣҶ뾡㸸ĸǵڶĳƱúӣʱȥ
ָ¼һ棬˶ٷ̸Щϸڹ滮Է¶¶ʱ䳤ôûпȥ˽⣬֪ҲҪ࣬ԼܲϵĲһЩΪ̵ľ̸֮
ʱҶᣬȶ˵һΪԼģʱΪԼֱӸڣԼг̡
ⲻĿǰҪĽǾϻؿȷ¼ЩģԷұڵĳԱҲΪȫ
Ŀǰ黹ûв죬ܶܰٳһ㣬¶¶ԱֽϷ󲿷ʱ䶼ھ飬һ˲ܽ룬ȫԱȽϸߣֻԼŮҲû⣬ܹڳʱ䡣
ԷҲ˵ȵȶʹǱְרĵĲٳ֡ǰߡڱҲԡ
ǺѵģҲ˳Ƕ֪ܲиý£ҪԹ֪
绰ʱǰڵϲϣⶫʹ÷ҲǴҶѧģֻƽӣʤڴһξףȻⲻֱЦһͨϹŰ塣
ʵͦõģԼڲӴִ豸ѽڣܱ֪סһҪõĶࡣ
ѷߵֻùۣǸʶİ룬ҲǱصģüŻȥûн
һʼӹ绰֮Ͳİˣʶ˾ôϵʽд棬ǰսѻˣ϶ٴ
֮һûΪȻǸ绰ʱȴյһţۣĻϢļָһ
С壬ǰְ֡
ĻܿϨˣӳɫݣֻһʱȷǲǶԷϢϴˡ
常ĸ٣Сʱ˻飬иףԷӸũչˣżĵǮûгֹȥ֮ϼһΣԺͶϵ
ĸٻûþƾȥ˹⣬ǰһ棬˵ǮôûٻӦҲǵöԷˡ
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ҶŽţԼҲŴϣȡ¿ָñӣװİôӭ㲻Ҳڽݲؽ˰ɣ
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˵˲٣ضԷû˵ʲôºӲܵŮɿϣһ˹ⵣġ
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ʲôռ˼ҵ壬ҪЩʲôǶԷĵΣһμǱҪȥġ
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77 
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طĸ׶ģڶ¥ŷԱȥŵ¸ôƺԷһİ˽а˿ڣպһ¾ˡ
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Сˣ˿Ž¶ЦݣվʾԼλá
Цһ˲Ļ㱣òƵԵʣӶԷҲָܿ׵Ӱӣ˴ȥţûпڣֻ˵ͷǴк
ŵ£ʼûпһۣר־ֻϷĻ󣬰ﶼɱЧ
ܵܣС񰡣и硣£ߵˣ˳ļ򣬡㰢ˣ岻ھƵϢ»ټ档
Ǽ٣ǰ޵ĶӲ棬û˵òԵĶͷ
ƤһۣܿȥЦһӸ磬һ𡣡
⺢ӣ״ƲĵһۣЦſʼճĬˣܵҳ軵ˣûûСġ
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ЩûС㶼ˡԵ˱ˮƸµʱϸۣɫǸпĸס
ԷԽſʼͱֵĺ飬׽̬ȼûʲô޵ģ˴ʲô״̬ҲǸТĳ档
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Եü΢£ŷ¿ӣ˿Ȼֿ꣬ˣԽҾΪ
һˣһҲܼܵ棬ֵܣ˵ѪŨˮԺҪչ˵ġ˵Ż˿Ӳˡ
ԴһۣԷõԼĿӣ˿αЩûθڣЩʲô裬裬Ϸ
ңЩʲôѵģѧѧͻˣҳô˧϶ܺ죬ЩģЩеûģʲôʱҼǸҶѯʺܲмһˡ
´һ˧ˣԴЦЦĻֻۣͣӦûڶаɣ
ԣ϶߶ˣڶӿڣСǵѧϰɣû£ڳʱȥˣҲſ˵㡣
ҿҪʹȥɣǰִϣҲȥЩƽʱôģ˳ϸӰƵûȥͬѧʡǲʶǣˣҼǵһ¼˽ĿŹϵҲǲҲܼǣҿɾͳˣ
ԶԶԣȳ극ȥֵҲ顣ЦǺǵĿ˵˳˾졣
ָߵϣԿŸ˵Իܿ˾ûֻЩЦ
֮ǰеǣܶûԷҲĸף᲻ϷֶߣҲЩΪѣһ޸ӹϵΪӡþܾҲܾ
־桭ʧЦȻ̫ãȷʵ˿㱾ΣҲҪĥĸ֮顣
ԷѹûаӷеĿ飬ǻڶСӵ۰Լ
ĵĵҵ꣬ԲſڣֻһڶѣǮ򹤣ҶʦĹϵ㲻׽ȥ
ϵЦݶʱȥб۾ҳˣûĿҪǲԸ˵Ҳǣֲһ׵ܵܡ
˵ʲôأôô룬鵹û䣬ЦӯӯģС尡֪¿ΪˣⲻܵܵԸͰ˵Ǿ֮ͣܿĺþء
֮ͣһЩͬ壬ʧʮܲʣѵóҲΪСıĴһƮƮľ֮;ʹ
Ϊ£ҿİﲻʲôæҶʦÿг̺ܽûʱ䡣
ѣܲмֻǴȥʲôģĹ˾ֹ˾ǩ˲Ȼƾҵǹ˾׬ء
Źͷ꣬ʵڲ֪˵ЩʲôãǼƽʱ̫ˣӡ
һǵ뱾ǻ£һʼʹ߽ݾԺҲ᳤ãƢҲ֪ˡ
ܶԷָֿһɫ¶ͬˣȻôףԼȥֹ˾Բͺˣֺαء
һԷһ㶣ѿڷ趼Ҫ˻ҷҶߣǩĹ˾ң㱾Ҳʶ˭ôֻ˸ǵıھײˣ
ǰС壬ҲʲôֻǴܵȥǸҶ˾ƼƼ֮ʲôʲô£֮ǰǻϽĿ¶ôϲܵҲſȰɺܺ
Ծøʵûʲô˵ģǰʼǲͷӦȿƵˣ˴ۣö濴ɫǲ⣬ҶʦҲֻϽĿ鹤ѣĿǰҲڣûоʲôˡ
ʵ˾Ҳûй뷨̳ˣڷչУȶ˵òʧٺһá
˾¶ǳ濼ǣҲ˵ȶȣܳΪһߣȷʵҲͲ֮ˡ
ҶʦҶʦһôΪǣ׵ܵܰɣѾܲͷˣ˵
̧ۿԷܲԼά˵Цˣֻڳʵ
壬˵ʵǲΪôûܹ㣬Ǻ޲ŲԸܵܣҲάٵˣ˵
ԭҲ֪иֻ֪ȴװ֪ȫûа˼ȫΪ˺δĶӣ˲Ž˺
Բǳ飬벻Լˣʲôǣǰһİͦõġ
ûֱӻش·վЦЦȥһ䣬Ա㡣
лҪ˵
㣺׵ܵܣܵ


78 
û˵תȥ뿪֮ɫҷԱѯλãĹȥ
䲻ֻܴ䣬ûڣҲûȥϲֻվϴ̨ǰˮͷϴ֡
˼һֱȽƽ͵ķʽλ棬ҲһΣ˶Ӵһζ鷳
Ҿ֪㲻ϲֻ㿪
̧̧ۣͨӿˣԷؿǽϣܵ⣬ˮͷֽϵˮ飬˭˵ϴּһҪϲֻϴ֡
ˣĻشܲмͷһֲ̫𾴵Ǳְֲ˼˰ɣ㲻ֹǺҶԲԣϾְ趼ܰңȴˡ
ûЦ⣬һµĺӣһ˹Ҳܺá
񿴵ĺܲˬ죬ЦһֻһˣȻô˵ô֪ͨѹָĸϲ
ֻΪ˵ЩԲϻ
Ȼǣֻе棬ü¶һζЦݣҿϲ˶Ҷcpⲻİɣ
ԵĶһɫĿûʲôı飬ôǵcpۣ
¶һӶı飬˶ˣҲȺŮϲ
ȻûЩʲô𡣡ԽϵֽţűߵͰ
Ҳ˵𣬺棬ʼտűߵȥ·ǸҶôƯǶģϲ˰ɣ
ԴգϵЦ⵭֣ûʱҥ鷳á
ֻǺ²⣬վֱ壬΢°Ϳ޿ֵĵ˵ȦңǱеŮĶУôƯ϶ܿϣ֮ǰǻ˵ӾһȥݵӾ磬Ǻܵеʲôɣģ˯
һȭڶԷϽᵹڵϣ˦˦Լ֣ɫҪγī
ССô֪ʲôʱڵĶȥӣ˳̧ͷһۣ壬ôܴܵأ
зԱϹҲмſڴ֣ԱòߣߺǼ£ʱҲ˿ˣȥˡ
ԱͦվӸµĿŸˣޱ飬ĺö˵ʲô
һȭе£ʱŻعĨ³ѪǣĲУô󻹴û˴쳤Ұô˵ô˵衭
̰ҪεģԴҪڵԻƽҪ̸
ôҲǸ軵С컹еģ뵽ʲô̧ͷô˵˵ôû˹ܣ˵ˣһû꣬ҲҪ𣡡
Żܵܣݺݵĵѱӷϸ˿ϵˣ겻ôҶԵ֣ܵܶ㵱ôѧ
ǲ̵Ҫ˽̵ûɫĶ꣬˼ţû˻㡣
֪ǲǸղһȭӰţԾ˰벽ߵĸף˵ޣʲôôǲǱ˵ˣǸҶʲô
Ծ죬һƿ˰ϴ̨ϣˮͷԴȻѣҾ㡣
СſұˣĳˮŶӵĽ۵ĲС
Ľܵôˣ̧ͷӾ￴ﴽЦЦ£ӦҲ֡
һ㶣Լոһһܵܣһʱ侹Ȼ֪ôֱͷʪܵĶӱƹϽһѽס
ֳһֽϽˮ֮·ԱǱĶԷԿָɾǸղŶֵ˲Ӧ˰ɡ
ˮɫףסķϻһ飬ȫȻû֮ǰֺʱҲû˷Է顣
۵ߺ޵ĵɹȥ壬ô˵ܵܣôôݵ֣̫Ѫˡ
˻˵֣ʮ겻Ųʣһã˵γѪԵǲ⣬ЦȻѪǽͲҪټˡ
˵˲ӣЩ벻ıͺãѾ˼ôˡ
ʲô˼ҪҶϾϵŵ̧ͷӡлͣĸʱǸڴְֵʱڣôĶԷ˵ֻ
֮ǰάϵֻĸףȥˣԼҲµļͥµĺӣʱҲѾʮչԼˣԶӦõҼǺޣҶԼ˵ֻ
ΪʮǰǵĹϵѾϾˡԿɴЦ⣬ȴǷ̡
һʱ˵ѿɫܲ³ĲᣬĬ˰ΣЦȻûߵģһضûУ̵ôģ
԰ͽ¿ڴƳ۱ڻ̲꣬ЦЦߵĵǺܶء
ʵͦ׵ģͬǶӣΪʲôԴķʽôرĲѪ
ǶʧܵĻ˵ǳɣĥ֤Ҳ׸ٶ࿴һۡ

ԿڴָԼҪʲôˣڶԷƺŪһʱɳʱûߣҳʲôӶ޹أҲֲѵˡ
ǺƽģſڴվԳƵһĶţ֪ΪʲôǾԼˣԾþλֿϣѹҪ̧ͷһ仰˵
죬ƳһЩ꣬ԷϵˣߵɹһЦԷס仹Ƕ飬ҪЩʵʵģҪʲôܵԼŬУҪȫµ˶衣
ѵȻǲĺܣ뷴ȴԷڿڴֶ˶ʶӡ
ע⵽Ķֶ˶٣Żͳֻʱ䣬ʱߵңôѾ˵ˣҶǱҲ֪ûнַֻŻȥ̧ͷɨЩյ꣬ʱ䲻ˣ͵ɡ
˵ǰһ˷վ䴽Цúº֪ͣڲӴ˺ֵܶ꣬´ٱܲԼĶӣҲһܣʱɲҪۡ
ѾʮˣҲʮ꣬ҲӣӾӣô˵ʶͰ˱ס
֮ǰôҲԼӵĻڲͳˣǸҪ˵ĺӣ˵Ļһó
ԼľӦȥˣԺ⣬ֲͷ꣬Էʶܿߣˣǿڸְǵ֣Ժ㻹עһԴʣӦòҼڶΡ
֪ܹˮǱǳⶳ˸򴽣û˵ʲô
ͳֻʱ䣬Цŵͷҵˣ룬ղûԼڣǿԻȥ
˵ִӿڴͳǮУٿǮ÷ŵ·ڴģȥˡ
һԲҲûٶ˵ʲô˸䣬ƿǳ䣬ЦŸſڵĳµĲкԷεЦЦ
ڹ̨ʣ̤ʱ̾˿̧ͷûʲôǹҹգӦòҰɡ
ԭվһտʼĿȾ⣬˼ͳֻϢѯǱô
Էظúܿ죬ѾˣϾͿԻȥȥǻϣֱӻؼȥ
Ըջ˸ãֻϽյһҶϢ㿪ŵߡ
ԹԻؼҵңܣóԵġ
۾ӯЦ⣬ֻ챳Ƭ»Ͳյߣã㡣
лҪ˵
ܺһپͺˣ


79 
ſڴʱɳƽ忴ϣ˷һԣȥӭӻؼҵˡ
Ҷ溮Ŀ¶ЦݣһŵֽȸݹȥԼЬ
ԽӹʱŵŨζЦЦ̧ۿŶԷ׹ҺãһӵɳǱߣһһˣôô
̽˵պ˳·;ȥ˹˾һˣ˵İҲôʳǽƼġҶɳ£ʾ򿪳
ûԼھͷ˿ӣȷʵЩˣһСŽҧһڣζȷʵ˳ֵݸ꣬óԣǺ㳢
ҧһڣҶĵͷɳϣɳ˽ʲô־òÿڡ
ԻͷֹӣЦЦⶺ˹ĳ㣬ûп
ʲôҶ¶Ц⣬⼱Լʱ˹ǣ˹ȥӺ汧סĲӣſϣְദô
нס԰ʣһڵĵķŽȥ֮סǰ֣ԺӦòټˡ
Ҷһ㶣ͷȥ۲ı飬Էûʲôĵӣֻǰѹʲô
Сһȥģ˵꣬оֽ˽ͷֱ£ΪҲϵģΪͨʶ㡣
Ĳ˵Ҷף˵ȻɫеۣչȥôʣʵҲǲУ˾ÿ궼ҪǩˣԽ̽һżwbһҲѣ
԰ס˵ĺ󾱣ͷǽĻ»ȥҧ´һ˿۾ҲҪý׻顣
Ҷ򴽣Ĭֻ¶ԷѹȻô겻ܲʣҲѪԵϵĸס
۵ЦЦת˴Ӻ汧Լϣһ£ҲЩѾ޹ؽҪ㣬Ҫˣ𣿡
۽޲˲Ҷܸжͷ˵ļϣͷ㲻ϲͲˣ㡣
԰Ķͷϣа˵ָʵأ̽ȥ˾˵Щʲô
ᵽҶ̾˿ס˵ָĦָ·ˣ׼·ݲʱҪǱǰϵõڣ˵һи׼
жŮcpʱҪϳһߣӦûãҪŮǱߣи׼ҲԸ¶¶Ǳ߽Ǣһ£ʱô
ʵϷʱĹ˵˼ھ򣬲Щ߰ģ˿ôǷ˿£ദͺá
ЩԵͷСµ绰˵һͺˣôרȥ˾һˣ
Ҷҡҡͷ˶ٲŵֻ˳㣬ҪǸĺԼ£ǩ꣬͵ˣ˾Ǳҹ̸̽̽ҵ뷨
ķչͷ˾϶ԸʧԵĻǰѺԼϣҲܷġ
ǩǩͬҲҪôйҹԸڹ˾ƱҪٹõԴ϶Ҫϣ⽫˾ʧ
Ϊ£¸ʱѹˣ˾˼ǣҪԼĻŻῼǰҷСϢҶϰΪ˾߲˵˻ˣǸıض棬ƿص˿϶Ҫģһ
԰˵ָ꣬ⴹʲô뷨
Ȼڳﱸҵ£öԷܸɵĹ˾ҪضԷģԼĿҲ֧֡
ûԼĴ㡣Ҷ̽Ҳô˵ģԷûȰȻĿǰҵҲᣬȫٷչȶһ㣬˷ʱˡ
̳Ǹܺõľˣܶ鶼Ϊڹ˾ûкܸߵĻȨ߲Ǳ߸·ϲֻ볪ѣڲҪĹ̫ˣȫĩá
Ҳǣֻһĸ֣ȺԼˣҴȳңԼ֡Ҷ̧ͷĬˣ֧𣿡
ڴ¶ЦݣöԷ뷨ԼҲǲıϣ̧ͷȻо
Ҷ֪ô˵ȥЦǹ˾ӶԼᱻأҲô𣿡
׽סԼؿڵ֣£Цֻıڣ鷳Ҷߵʱңֻܸˡ
ĵͷҶ˰˵°ͣôķϣҵʱһ󷢴ȱİϡ
ӶЦͷԼľѴͷķȻԷҲĴ㣬ǹǱ߾Ҫճˣʱܸһϲ

ӾѾ˲ʱ䣬Ӳ·ݿʼ½½ķų㻨̵ԤƬԴ߹ǵڴֵ
һЩЦƬΣNGЦʲôģ֣ͦԤҲܼ򵥣ûʲôϵ͸¶ﾵͷȽ϶࣬лҲܿ죬ʱʲô
ҶǸ֣ҲǵһϷϵ黹ǱȽ϶ģЩΪͺÿʾڴҲЩݼ̫ʱϷ
һΪ֮ǰΰǼ¶ж⣬ʼվöԷǱżľ飬Ƶ϶
˵ЩҪôǺӣҪôΰķ˿ڻģż񸴳̻ȥˡ
ҲǹעӾһˣĿ⻹ǷߵŮϣǵķ˿ռǰš
ҶԴּɣҲԽȦûκȤע˹˾Ǳ߿ܾٸϷ
Ѯ緽͸ˣ˼λݵֳᣬ˼Ƚϻգ¼ƹھ粥ǰų
ڴ֮ǰԱҲѾһʱ䣬˴תʲôһֱȶȣԵķ˿гΧ۵ĺܿġ
Ů֮϶ٲҪϳcpҶ΢ʱʱͻᷭļƵ˧Ůͬͦġ
ÿԱȥģҪг̰ţŮгÿλҪһڳͬͬ
Ҷ˼أ˴˶ѺõĴкദĻ죬żԷǻῴߵԣֻǺܴͣԴû⣬ѳ˧˶࿴۶
¶¶ҲǺܾûˣԷ֪ʲôϷһȦǺܺá
ֻһֵ£ÿ棬Ǹ´һֹҲ֪˵ʲôҲ˵
һʱʵһֱֵģֻʱˣҲ˵Ҳ֪͵͵ڸʲô
Ȼ棬ҶҲҲҪԼ˽˿ռ䣬еԼҪҲͲˡ
ڸææµµаȻȹҲʼ֮תůصױѵɿ˺ܶࡣ
Ѯ·ʽÿ˵ƽ𵵣ƽ̨ӺһСʱλݵڣײȶȲ
ҶڵǶξ˲ˣֱŵķǽҲзȣĻһ֮ǰġֵҲ̫ÿ˰ɡҶרѧݲ𣬺ޣȫˡСÿɰСү
˰ǽϵŪľͷɡ裬Ҫˡıŵϣܶʹˡ
Ҳ͵͵ĺܶúܿɰԷֵʱҲ˿ţ˵ո֣
¶¶ݵŮСڣӢˬе㽿үҲ˼
˶վǾcpҲ֣гСϡcpԷ˻Ϣ˵һͦϡġ
ײרҵԱݼкܶɬĵطܵ˵Ȧɵ㣬СүɫԦסˣһ㶼Υͣ˲ٷۡ
ЩٽϷķ˿ۣҶֻûĵɲأǸϲ裬Ϸ»רҵԱɡ
׷²βʱǿʼһˣûмǴԵӦþ·ݡ


80 
Ҷе֡
ԿһδԼֻ꣬׻ûдչȥ̽˽ѡ񿪿ڵ㵽ڸʲô
ͻȻѯҶе㲻ԣɻתͷϻû˽ֻ𣬡ôˣ
֪ǲǱǵ˵עǰֻĽҲ֣ӺӾ￴һۡ
˫ֻؿϣԲͷƳеĶ񾭳ڿֻ
Ҷ˲ܿתֹȥһļ򣬡ԼҲǣôֻݹٷŻ𣬲յƣ
Ե޷Ǳ߽չϸµطϵѰæװޣʱʱᷢƵͼƬչϵıȽƵ
ðɣҲˣˣ۾ãҲͷΡ
֪ˣҶ¶һǳɵЦݣֻŻ·ڴתͷѯһǰŵг̰ŵôˡ
˸okƣʾһеλֵ磬̽˵ˣһϢٺ٣Ҳմ⡣
Ҷûк⣬ͷʾ֪ˣɲҪֲ˼񡣡
ģ磬Ҷ࿿װǰ̽ͷЦųգգ۾
ǵ̸һһ˵ĹУܾǺıʲô߿˿ûʲôͷ⣬˰ɡ
ȻѵÿϢȥ˸ԷóԵģһúõĳԶٷܳܣһ𿴿ӰҲǺܺõġ
ôģǵ˵ڶŷ֣Ѿг̹滮ˣһαװ¥ȥ˴ûȥĳ⣬λͣһոµİɫԽҰ
ԺܲתͷԱߵˣüˣ
԰ôƯ𣿡ҶӿڴͳԿ׻һΡ
ǰһֱûǾûҪһ쵽æµ˾רŽʱϢҲڼд裬Լŵʱ١
ڲһˣҪԼỹô򳵣㲻˵ױ¶ʱˡ
ԻûüͷԷͰѳԿ׵ݵǰʾۣʱЩεĿ̧ӣʲôҼնˣûüȥ
Ȼûжģ֤úõıţգǶԷῪ
֮ǰòһֱû£˭֪ôͻȻ֮½һȥղС
ҲܶҶüһ䣬ջְţԼ˼ʻߵҪϰ㵱˾
ЦЦȣ̽ȥѰȫϵãһֳϰ塣
ҶϢֺ۾¿ִչȥϳ
棬ʶ˳⿴˿ΧûʲôӰصĽǶҲĲʲôŰĵĹϳţƵʻλϣϵȫȥ
㲻֪ˡҶûлشüӿȥģ˵ġ
Цҡҡͷû˵ֻſˣעǰŷ̵ӱƽʱȺܶ࣬Ҳȡ
ǸоĿ⣬תͷݹһѯʵҡͷʾû£ѶԷרĿԼҲתͷ⡣
ֲ첻ٶһ·ʻԶԶĳϤĵطԺܲüֳ
Ҷ˳·߱ʶͣתͷЦѵõϢȻҪԼˣϻػĿûء
ܸһԵȻģǡϢգ˺ܶ࣬ĶԷϳ鷳
ģҲֳҶѳͣȣתͷգգ۾ҳ⣬ڸ㱻ĵҲûϵҸ̽㱨ˡ
ô˵Ҳ飬¶Ц⣬̫СˣֻҪûйܵĽӴֳҲ˶룬ϴβһ̹𣬱˻ֻcpۻỶϲء
֮ǰ¶Ҳױϳִϡ
Ҷ⿪ȫû˵һûĿֹȥã̽ӳǰСóһϤĶԴϣ
̧ͷë׵Ķ䣬ʧЦҲ֪ʲôʱⶫģϴξֻңλֻңǲǲ̫ƽ
Ȼݱ˾û֮ǰˣҶϵûðɣã½ȥϲĸҡ
Ĳٶ˵Էһ򿪳ȥůģ¶Ҳ
Ҷǰ϶ƱˣֱŶӽ԰˳ߣΧ˲٣ϵĿ֡
תͷ˿ԶЦ£ʲôϣҪҪԱܣ
˳ʾ⿴۲ԶŶӵ̯λҶҲϴε£ЦеĶͷ
ţ߿ȥܣŶӵʱͷһ۶Էվ￴߻֡
ٶȲнٶȾͺܿ죬˺ܶ࣬ҶûеȶѾ۷˻
ôֻһݣ
ĲͲװֽıһССģ࣬컹ȣ̫ˣ㲻ܶԡ
ȻԷܣҲƵģҶҲûʧʳߣζͿˡ
ȳ԰ɣֻܳ԰š԰ѺӷŵУ˳ӹ԰ֲͼ
ҶûԹԵߣһ㣬ԼһڻιһڣܿͰһССıˡ
ʶͦڣһһܳ˲ߣԴ˸ǰ˵˵Ӱ
Щ˵ĺĲŨңһ۾ͽĿ˻ȥעǷˣϡ
ϴιüĿѾˣǾȥЩûģ;оƷ꣬ԸԳĸҲ˸ë޶䣬ǰɫСè䡣
⣬˴ϺʱʱҪһ󣬱˵˾һĶ䣬ָҲܺá
ҶȥˣֳΪ˿ģҡ˸˾ɡ
̼Ŀ֮ǰ˸飬صĶȽƽͣŶӵʱźӵ˺ܶ࣬鿴ͦġ
ȺУתͷ߹Թվŵְ꣬סתͷЦչȥҵСѲҪ߶ˡ
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ʹʹһ죬μʣµĿһ飬˺ܶƬĻ˶Цü䡣
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Ҷû˵Щȫ˻ȥͷůģͷĶèƣ
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23L
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59L
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78L
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79L
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81L
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82L
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83L
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101L
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102L
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ֻҶһЦȺõţ߹ɻĿ
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ûʲôǾ÷˿еɰҶҡҡͷֻӹţһڣЦݳԿǼӳ
Ĵǣζ̧Ħͷ㿪ľͺá
֪ô˵ҶҲ촽ͷ˵ļСںţ̣ߵڳʱȥɡ
áԵ°Ͳë׵ķϣ봹дЦ⣬طӵһļҡ


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Ц⵭֣üͷ΢΢͸ʧ̾˵˱輧ܼ⴫ԹֻǴԡ
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ŽĶ˯еҶͷķ˸ñӽԼԴ
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ѽˣҶĴߴȻɢҵüͷʲô粻ȥ𣬷ǵ磬ʱȥֱȥ
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ô˵ܳžǺõģһߣʱôˣĸһй
ԸЦŸ˸źȥϴкſںŵСѾͷűõѽ
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˭ϡЩҷӸ硣ҶƲ죬ԽǮԽǰ֣һģ˭֪˽NģǰڵСǻ㣬ο֮ԸһӲޡ
Ҳô˵ү˵ϻػиĵĹӰк˵ġְۡ
ҶĬû˵ƭ˼¶𻹶Щ飬Ըټľ˲ˡ
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ĩ˼һҶ˯ģɸֵҧҶԼĵ㻹и˫ӣСһϴġ
˫ôˣ˭˵˫ҾҪѭ浸صģ˼δظҶͬͶ䣬Խûصİһ̡
ҶͥΰҪȥԴôǱԼ˸סˣ˳˳Ҳٸ磬ֻڼΣ˾͸֪
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ھ̽λߣ˷ȻַǷͷ˶٣һһͣſڡ
Ҷڴ˴ûʲôһ˵ʱ򲢲ߵҶųɫעӡ
˷ټӵܽ泤˼棬װȸΨ˭ķͷȥ
ЩҶ㲻ۣʵڳɫճֽԱ𣬶޵˫ӡۣȴ˶࿴ۡ
Ҷϰעӣ㲻ӣֵĻҪɻȥԷǸһЦŵǸġ
ҶͥΰǸЩΪԼҶӵ˵ЩĿ⣬Ը¸ү
ſڽ񽻸ܼңһ˱ȥҸۡռؼＸһһȻĿϾӡ
ҶҲʣĵǾңʱۺǼҪҲˣҲǰˡ
˶࣬͵ҲΪ׵뿪ĸױһˮİ˲٣ŮʱŵȷԸдʮܵ
ﲻȱλľһ̸˴Ů˫֪Եֵǲ
ʽʼҪ磬ΪҲǱ˴˽ʶǵĽʣլҲҪգЩо۵ȫǸѵõĻᡣ
󲻹Ƭ̣ӰȴţԼȥԴ
Ҷ⿴ۣһ赭ĸˣԲΧ˲Ů죬ԼҵĹСӣһЦ绨ĺܡ
û´λӦñҵĸˣȿžͲһ㡣
ҶԾЩ岻עҲţҳ˴⣬ӸСӶδ䣬ǴʱŹ˫չȥֱ˾֮ġ
Լ׿ףǵңұϼ޽ټۡҲúùίŲɴ㽫Ʋ˴˴
ʱûԶҶЩ˿ҧһڣüͷóǺóԣ˵Щ̫ˣҲΪչЩСĿζκǸϲġ
ʣµİòˮ˳ȥͳĨ죬ͷվŵ˹ָչȥСҳȥߣʵʱһ
үԼȥ̫ܲðɡеԥһײ˭
кβõģҾȥ͸͸ܿͻˣ鷳ġҶĸ첲طñˡ
ǡǺðɣүЩ̫Զû취ֻĿͶԷš
ſںŵС澸˸ѯʲôԸִ˶ԷԼѡ˸뿪
ฮشȵҲ࣬ҶͷһҲȥҲȥܣ߱߿
һķмŵĻ㣬Ѱ˼Ż԰ӦþڸζȥѰû߶Զ͵ˡ
ʱǴůĺʱ԰̺ǺÿƷҶûʵĺܡ
Сӡ
ͰƬĻ䣬ȴ˵ֱȥվһµĹӣʮİɻͷ
Է߹ѲһȦЦԶԶ⻨Уǿɾûסڻǲξ
ӵܣҶšüµĴϳˣҵ忴Ҳҵʵֲø
û˵ԷƺҲ⣬ָ͵Ļ䣬ָһüһ
Ǹˡ¹ִǶ仨͵ǰȻһЦ
Ҷз˸ۣЦǺúõĳڻ֦ϸÿժ˼԰Ļðɡ
һ仨ѣʲôõģûԼĻ¹Щãǽ⣬ͷһǡ
ҶʮֲϲԸ˵˦Ҫ뿪
ȴû׷ߣһסִŻתתСĪ߰Ե֣һȱ衣
ҶԼյѾܺˣκƫƫҪݣǳ˿ѹеջ𣬳һЦһá
ãִ硭
ԼҶһźݺ˵Сϣ۵һеĻҲڵϣԺ㲻ǵóЩѵǰɣ
òϵĶˣֵܴˣʲô
ˣһ¹Ӱ컺ȴ㲻֪ôġ
ʲôҶ˶ƻҪԷ벽ٸСүҷϻһž
˫ˣǹӾöӣպ޵úܣۣ־Ҫȥץү֪֪ʲôߵغ񣡡
ʲô
Ҷһ㿪֣ٸһţԶȴһȣʶתͷȥʱ΢΢һ㶡


84 Ŵƪif
㣡ȷӦҪ̫ӡ̣ô
ϳˣҲϵãΪü
ҶϳĵһӦΣϾǰ˵ţһԱͬס¹ӣתת۾һƣ°ھСܹȥһקס˼䣬Ӿң
ԴץԼѵ֣Ƶŵϣ˺£
ˡ
ӣˣ¹ǰֳһ
ӣҶգգۣתͷȥקŵˣǸвŻȴಡĶԣ
ߵڿԼû˵ʲôֻ¹ףƵûų͸͸ǲ֪﹫ڻ԰Ǹдܣ
ûУ˵ฮ󻨲ݣһ˵ŻĿɨ˫ק֣в²ǣ
ͣҶѴ֮»һָŲԶϵĻҿǴݲл֤࣬ݻǶأ
С˫ǹӱָ˿ţЦϲۼ֦ߣֹ߳ŭһţ»һң
ҶҪЦˣδ޳֮ͽ
һʱ˵¹Ӹǵ⣬΢°бӣС˫ڻԣƷ˲ˣˣฮҪЩá
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⸱ҶҪˣȴתһۣеİ֮⣬ûٳ
﹫ӣֽӵԼүʾ⣬ǰһ˹Цүʵһˣ˵ϵɾʼ
ԣĹɫһû粵ʲôߵһ֣һµ˦ˡ
ԱҶ˳ˣЦĵתЦӯӯ۾ʱһק˼ҵҲɿ
ࣿӴưܣԿżֵ٩
ȡҶεɤɴƹˤӼȻãֺαȡЦҡ
ЦЦȻ˵ʲô
ᣬҶȿתƻ⣬ѯʵǰ֮¹ûɻ˵Ļ
û˵벻ţֻ﹫ƷΣ˽֪
֮⣬ҶչһЦҽҶ
ףԡ
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ҶͷЦҶӵҴӽ˵ˣδܵüա
µ۰ˣԴӲ⣬õĻĲ˼⣬תͷԶȥͤкȱ裿
ðҶɴӦ£㲻֮һȥ˺ͤ
˹ԸԷ䣬СŸϡ
ͤλüãܾ԰оɫҶֳǰȥн𣬡ͦʣϧǲܳԡ
пտգʲôʳ˸ʣתȥˡ
Ա۶ЦҶСӿǶˣ
һʣҶĶӱӦĽһҲЩΣ࣬Щ
ãŵ˷ԸС̽ͤ˸˸Ϸ²ˮġ
ԽһǰƣʾЩ
ҶƲ죬ޣҲġ
಻ϲЦ֪ҿζģȳ
ҶŰɵһ黨״ĵģתſ˼ۣݵҧһڣ۾ʱһĳԽкŨĻ㣬ζȴܵ׽ܳһ㣬ͷóԣ
˵Żʣ°ҲӹĹĵģԿĺЦŮõĲˮƵǰȿˮҭš
ҶЦЦҲû˿ˮһĵģζֵ㣬һȥģرθڣǼҳտá
˿ڲˮԶЦʼδɢӣʱδ÷
ˣҶ¶üһͱ޶μү磬ˮûϺһڡ
һ˸ԺЦҡҡͷԸδȥŮȥЩֳɵĳʳ̫࣬ʡϯԲ¡
Ůȥˣ˼ĵӵҶķԸֳ̧°ͶЦӣǸˣ
̧Ҫ𻰣ͤǡɴһ磬üͷ΢šȭڴ߿ԡ
һԵĳæǰıȥæŷͤ߼ɴʣȥֱķ硣
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԰ڰֿ̧֣ͷǸЦЦùܾˣҵë
ҶСǸӣҲ֪ܻ꣬ЩҶûʱûʲôʵС
Է棬ȳЩžͦõģҲûЩ;˵ʱ㣬Щ졣
򴽣ҲԵˣ๫ǲʣǻȥЪŰɣҪ
ްҡͷв֢֮ʮ߰նҪ춼Ҫҩﶼһġ
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ľִ٣ܵԵȿת˻⣬δʣգǸʲô״
һ磬Ҷ˲޴תΪ飬̧ӣʵȥţЩǵץҵļ͡
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δֱʣԵһʱ֪δ
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ֲСٶʧЦҲ֪ΪΣŶԷڳԶο֮УǺܾǰʶΪʳչ
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ȳԱ㣬Ҷ̧˸һˬ̾Ϣʱöá
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΢򴽣İߣŮӰ࣬е΢ˬָɾߵķ磬ʣԡ
ԵĿıӰϣŻΨ־رĺ߳ͷһᣬֲǵֺ֮˲Ÿʤ
ҶԼͣתЦЦǸõʱ
Դʱҡҡͷ˿ڲ裬ᣬö֮
ԵģҶ㲻ǫӦˣƲ죬ϧҵͲ򡣡
Ŷɻ
ҶֱԵҰҲģһź٣ҳԣÿֻ֪ȥ˳Ҳ㽫ջȥˣҸ֣˵ƽľѬ浾֮ȡ
仹ģҶͥΰ飬˳һ۲ڵĺӣǵóֶЦ
ҲЦҡͷʵ˼ԿйԹ
ܰҶԼĲӣûһɤӰ費ңֻ٣
һִŵıӣҵһź٣ҶӿҪȥԣ
Ҷ۾һСܻصߣǰ£ͷ


85 Ŵƪif
鷿ƽõĵطһӦƷõʮȫΪ㹻ĹߣһǽΪš
岻ãܶ磬ն޷ʱŻȫ򿪣ڵ鱾ɹɹ̫
մҶΪ˱ӣɴԸ˽ƿˣ龰ܹһࡣ
ֵԼү˷æȥ˼ʵ˹ʵ
ûæʲôҶһ鷿עȫռˣ߹ȥָָ̧۶ң¶Цź١
תͷڲԶˣ٣ĸҵ
ԽӹֵȲ裬ñǷȥҶƬЦҲǸ˵ģҶ㡣
Ҷ²׼£ƨɻûŵֶסתת۾̧ͷ๫ӵ鷿Ȼ٣Ҳڴ˵ɣ
պ˿ڲ΢٣ݹȥһѯʵ
Ҹոո㳪ǲǸҶʾ¸ǰ٣Ϊҵһ
ԷЦҡҡͷвյ˵Ҿ̵ӲԿҿҶҲضð
ҶʼӦˣ๫ӵǲ
߹ȥÿĵ£ָ̧ңҶǿˣȻҪô֮
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ָңʶԶˣǰѺ٣֮˸Ǹʦ
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ҶˣԴٺԲڸµĶˡ
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޷ҡͷ֪˿޷֮⡣
˵ӵһҶһ֣ܿ
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ŶԲü˵ҵҡ
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Կ飬Ľ˵֮ʶƫƽദ񣬲Ѱǰ׽
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Ҷվ׳ĩ˴⿴겻꣬ĵֵü۵ЩƣֻƢԶ
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ϳ˻٩ԼԲ¶ЦЩʱոײſ㶮£δٷ㳭飬¿
һ˵飬ıˣվ֣ûûУⲻ˵ЩЦ
þգԲջߣ׿۰ڷŵĹ٣ȾЦ⣬ȷʵǸȤ֮ˡ


86 Ŵƪif
µУȻͨͨСУӺܴ󣬹㣬
ҶһʱֱɽֵһͷȥͲˣʲôϲ
֮⣬ӵĹ¶֮ҲоҲʶ㣬ϴ죬ĩδ
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ڼǰѲӵһأԷһһչϵ׽࣬ദ졣
ǽӴһŵòᣬ֪˼ݸȫ̽ģͬźһԵĳֿȥЦԷɡ
ȥ֮߶Ҷ˲ӣ˸̸ȥҪԷǱ谮Ҷүͺ϶ͼʱԿĶȻ
һȻԼ³ɫҶ˸İۣ˼ҰԼص£ĪҪⴧģ˼๫ִ֪ĺܡ
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Ҷ̧ʾĿⶢŸշ޷޴һҵ̳ĹӸԶûǴĻǺһ԰Ǹ
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԰Ķȥ̧˵ȷʵóԡ
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˶٣ֵˣҷſǸĹӸǸˣ
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ܿĿ⣬ͷһڱҲ֪ʲô
ȻҼӣҪҪȥɶЩ˫֪ÿγŶڣһѹ
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󷽣ҶѾѹЦҪǶأ
ϵĻشԴЦЦҶҪʨӴ󿪿ڣ
ѵϸԩͷҲöռˡҶüһ֧δ
ҡͷã㾡ܲܽӰա
˵İҾͲˡҶ½Σתͷȥġ
˵˵ǲİӣЩҲȤƽﶥҲϵľͲˣ׸
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̾Ǿصһ̣õȷʵۡ
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ҶһЦû취˼ʶ㣬ƽ벻ۡ
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ģɫ֪۸񲻷ƣҶգɻû٩佫ȥǰ˱˾䡰ͻֽ̧䡣
ԭأ̧ͷ˶
ԿӴͷϣ¶СԲҶƬʮƣĵͷȴϵǴªЩ׿ԽʣҲǿܿίЩ˰ɡ
˵ͷ˴㶵飬ϲ֪ΪδЩ죬ĵԽ׿Ҳסһʱղߡ
ΣһԵĳָĪĬĶһۣɫӣҲ֪ʲôϢܿԴͷ
ȷӦҶԼ͵תЩҵĵ˵ÿʮҹ䶼еƻᣬûδҲ֪ǲ紫ǰ֡
˵Ͱûڵı˱ۣĵ㲻Է
ȷʵԵķӦҲѵõЩٶۣʶͽĻҲδҹţձʮ壬ǿһ
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ǻδкηӦź˵ȳԷԣǰսԼӡ
ү岻ãҹȥٵò˿ôǺãƽﲢӵ¶죬Ψ¹岻С
Ǳ߽Ҳֱۣү˫ɴͬΣ⴫ȥӰ
ҶƽϲȻǵֵ˼ɢ˸ɾüװţû˿ó˵ˣȥ֣ôӰˣ̫С֡
ѣЩԥҲЦЦԳֵѽģԽˣҶഩѣӦǲʲô⡣
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ǱҶӦȴЩף֮£ȻˣǸƻѣҲûʲôÿġ
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˵ˣҶ˵ʲôҲǵԥԥˣ̾˿Щǣðɡ
ǶԼӶЦָ޻˵ٶĪغϣŽҪϲ¡


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ɫƳϣҶƫƧԺΧǽҶŰǽͷǣûͿȥ
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ĴǽĴ·ϵĻҳվ壬üˣЦˣˣĪҪԵģһʱͻǲֵᷢġ
Ѿ˳˵ʲôֻܹԹԵĸǽ뿪
һ·˽иֵĶԶԶľҶʱ˷Сŵǵƻ貵ķ
ӦҹﱻƻȺǱȰȤ⾩ֵĻǶࡣ
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Ѿˣڶ¥Уһ۾ͷ˳Сү
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λǰ棬ָΪ˲󼸲ţҲģεĿ֡
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Բ£ֻĬĬĸţ⸱õżͷЦһЦ
һαץ˸ţĻǲڳЦԼûм档
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˵⻰ʱӳůɫĵƻĿһˮ֪ˣҶҲⲻ˲ЦתͷȥԴ֡
ûзСһȥʣҡͷЦЦϣ˭֪¸һ㱻ס
ӣǴɣڴ㣿üĿ忡˫渲ɴϲ⿴
С̺ܶµվţš
Կü۾İЩɻĲ˲
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ϣʶüĵ˭㲻ֱ֪˵תͷȥʱȴ΢΢һ㶣ʶȥκԶ
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ûǰֻ࣬ԼûˣƢЦЦ֮ӵ۵ףǸҵĲǡ
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ǻ߲ˣҶ֪Լ˴ˣȴû࿴ԷֻעŸǰˡ
ȻԶף࿪߶Ե˵Ǳˡ
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⻰ҶвøҲֻ
ǲ˰ɣͬζСáԲδԥɴܾ
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ҶԲˣվĺܷɣȻʣʵϰߵģȴĿġ
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ĿԷľüۣͦıڵɫĴϣŶ˶ʹǰЩ˱Ǽ⼸һ
ϴЩ΢ҩľζҶıֶų⣬ǳǳ˿
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ҶûϿԼҪɫºͣƺʲôûз
ɫѿĲ˲ɬתΪܾ߷ߣҶŤͷˡ
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88 Ŵƪif
ãҲȣɹ̫ĺʱҶ̯ԺеϣϸŴ򿪵Ļ֪ǲ˯
ŸõĲŵԱߵСľϣʱƳһԼү컹ȥ
ϻǼүѾûˣϡͬʱе㵣ġ
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ҶŶ˶ֽ̧ϵӹݵǰĲ͵һڣüͷһ壬ôôࣿ
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һе飬ҶˤϣȥЩ̲֮Ըϵ塣
ԭǿķǣ͵͵ЦЦȥ죬ȴֱ˽ס
ϵɫҶ򴽣ߣ֧Ҳһ͹ȥ
֧ӣʶ뿪ʣϹһȦʲô죬Ҳ֪˵ʲôãֻӦˡ

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Գɢڼͷбڴͷżɫۣǵӹֵҩ룬üںɫҩ֭
˼գֹϣﶼһɿɬҩζþɢȥ
ݻȥùӲ˲ǣԲ԰׵ɫǺÿ࣬촽ҩ֭¶Ⱦɫ
˵ĪҪҹţǲĲԼԴգҲ۵ģ̲ס߶߶
⻰Բļʮ飬֪ԷҲ壬ʶֻЦЦȥ߶
үүˡ
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˼꣬ĸ䵭ƽջ࣬˵ĸоýӽ
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ԶԴ˵ûʲô뷨ڹżпɣҪǳŲסġ
ĲֻǹӣƽӦȾƣⲻˣĸմá
üۼƵӴ߽żݵҩζüŤͷԸŵĳȥĴЩ͸͸÷紵˾ͺá
Ц˵껰ǰڷźõĵ£Ǵ֪ңñƵĺܡ
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ԵӦˣԼлɩӡ
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үҶĶ˵Щ̲֮ҪĿСһͷͦĵľУϻһխСӡ
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㶵ĴҶ׹ʱߵģ뱻ܾŵԺн棬µǷȥıӰ
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룬ʮԵֻͣһΣǿҵҪס
лҪ˵
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89 Ŵƪif
ȹһ·СܹԺȵ˿ɢ˼Ҳ⣬ȥ˺ԺѰſͤιүԶԶľͽү
ҶƤӶû̧һȱȱɫ˭
ͻ˵һ㶯ûˣԼľĽлǲ졣
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үôι㰡ͤ￴һſǶȥװʳĴ룬ˣ
ҶҲ⣬תãĿľϣôˣǼҪˣҵܲҪһ
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Ǽһ׵ģϽҴүš
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ǵģǵġ۵ľһţæֽ˱ڻҲ֣˴ԼĺϣĪҪ˵Լ
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