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עǰƫɳˬģк~
İ2021.2.2ͼ׷
ݱǩ ж Ǽ ϵͳ ˬ
ؼ֣ǣղ  ǣ  
һ仰飺
⣺Χ䣬ԸΥҲҪ׷Ȱ
Ʒ
ղΪһֻǧڷ۽ػһεĻᡣϵͳŵһųϵͳµĴղ輴ȥһ̳ʼ͵ǣÿһ̶ǲϧһдۺǻ䱦
ųˣһۣղԥס·Ľˣ裡Ҳһ죬Ųκζ٤ˣһθܵ˻㡣ղӦ٤ʱǺ٤ǽһĻ죬ЩݱսҪ˻겻ӵķܶʷղԼŬղµᶨƵİˣĬѣɿĳ


1 
лĸһ׵Ļеվղ棬۾ܴѺϽ˸ɭĹ⡣

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ͣ㽫õʵĴ
˵ıֻΪû˱ղ˽Է·񡣻екܶºţԳΪϵͳΪֿţ˽±ղѪ˿̣λĹһ̬
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ƻӡǣһ˲ʧˡɫԵЩʵīɫ۲üǡôۿԵЩ
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սѥļвЩеסǹĿۻƺһť⻹ֻǴһɨҲ֪˶ٶ
˿˵зɳһֻеɵУǳղ衣
۾ûб죬Ҳûд̶ľԷδЯɱǿ
ϿŵԽǾ裬һЩƽ￴ʶ𿪶ӵĿ⣬Сзǵûη壬һ˿ڴ
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2 
˵ĽŲûмǰղվԭأب˫֮粻ϴζ
˺Ͳ˵ǲ˼ܵĻ㣬ղԣǼᵽŨŨѪζ֪ǲǴվŵĲһˣͷǡ
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ʶҪһȻһ̣Ȼо˿ֲϢԼһЩ
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ղɫͫгһĨ⡣
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Ϣʧ̵ϧſ˫ۡ
ˣ죬裡
ǰսͬʱ׼ղ裬̼䷢Ĺղ֮ľ벻ףֻҪ0.1ߣšϴĲ
֡ԵüȲ֪ô⡣
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3 
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Цţȥ
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ɪע⵽һĻôõʣЩǸĺӡ
ɪ
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֪йܵδѶձ֪ǽղ赱ʵܺߡ
ŮҽͲ󣬵ҵˮƽԺŵٲʿ
ǰһƴ̼ۣ״ӣղʶԼվҽԺſڡ
Ҫһȫλ졣ɪ˵
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ڸ˷Ϣ仰ʱڱħָǵ깴ǣܵǣµ˿ٶѪ
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4 
ͬղ衯׳Ļһλ
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ŵҽţֵ໤ʿҪü߻ŵϢ
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ҽԺ¥ϵĲָ˴һǣ⣬ղԲѵķԡ
ҽԺſڣɪ̧֣ݺ͵λͰû˸̫Σȫԡ
ⲻŷᣬ˵
һɨǿľѹ£ƿӵĿ⡣ɪżڣ껹ˣҾҪǲͼ
氲˲١
ɪݹһ˷磬ղϡ
ղ¶΢Цλһˣҵ顣
žߴķԣղ΢һСӺҽԺܳէһƼɪСŵһƽˤ
ƤӶò̫
ƽʱûٿɪû뵽гһվȻܼˡ
һ룬С߾ͱղˣµǴһòɫĳмرƯ
Сĸڳδ߽ͻȻɪͬס
ڲְʶҪ
ɪ΢΢ס
˾û׷˼Сĸ˿קһĵƨϡ
Сʾһǰǽȭͷרȴĵطȥϧ͹ԶⳡС໽Ϊա
ղ裬ⳡ־硣
С첲ţڰзڣϰŵ𽺹һ˦һ˦±ҽԺ
ſңбһֻ֣
ȥôʰ㡣Сĸŭ
˵õĵ۹̣ϳ谮أ
ղЦʧӲתӣһĻ޶ԵɪСĿڣʣɱ𣿡
ɪü
ղָǶԸ뿪ķ򣺡ոǸСɱ𣿡
ɪԣֻܽĹʱΪţش롣
ղĬӡ
£СʱҳҲֱᣬ˵䡣ǶԸӣ񶼺ܽ׳ȫϲȭͷӡ
ҪôϵͳϢͺǳȥˣҪôжߡ
ղ费ۣ䲻ɪڣ֤ܿ𣿡
ɪĿһ˿ӡ
ղܻ˵Ҫ˽㣬Ϊһˡ
ã·һΪ־кһ
ΪѵĻ
һӡǻԱСӵݵǰ
󣬡٤۹һСֵУȴһʱ͵ӳһ˲䣬ղĿҲ
٤ǣ
٤ǣ
߷·Ҫƴ֡
ղһֱ֤߬ţĩǼ߸ӣûȥ
ɪסҪҽ𣿡
ղֱӣѵذ˰ָ֣֮һߣô
߱һֲ
ղ̫֪Ŀ
߷Ӧһ˵ܸʵȫɥĲϣ۹ϿķȥЩ永Ա
ʵ顣
ղ߼ǰЩι̬ȣ²ǲǽԼܺߡ
˵ϰʣûļƻԼδ
ʵҲǼӰղһ£ֻҪԷ˵һҪϢһ£߲ŵĻЩýҲ͸˳Ƴˡ
ҪЩղֱ⣬ۻһСһͣӡʮƽӡ
߱жˣȫܵ˺ͨĺӡ˳ץһԱɪ΢ʧı飬㿴Ҳжˡ


5 
ɪǲˡ
˵Ҫլõ԰
ʲôҪ󡣡ղζһӣе󣬸λһȥһ
ܹһεɷãѾԤ֮⣬ڳļ߻ʶȤɪĺľǰ豸뿪ǰţȥҪʱ䡣
ɪղһǰһͬݣźϵɲǣɪʣˮˣ
ղĬһ£ǻ۾˵ϹҪᡣ
Ĳɷãȷʵȫ̱ۡйУղǿһ䣺˵żģ˼ά
ǵʵӰ죬ɪ˵һ䣺Լû⣬״Ӧò̫á
ȷ״̬ɪ⣺ǲǵڷǰ飿
ղҡͷ˵Щ϶ֻǵúˮšмҵʶģģˣһ졭ٴ󣬾ˡ
û˵ѣʵķʽ
һȷľͬʱɪľɫ΢飬ʣ񲨶ÿһϸ΢ı仯ᱻ׽
ȷû˵Ѻɪһ
غ󣬾ӶԸ򼸺ڵߵѰʱղΧһᱻҵ
Ĵڣƾðһ
֪ࡣղʣܰ𣿡
С׻ɢģԻЧưٷ֮١
ɪֻ۹ÿһλܺ߾Ρ
ͷһҪһֱɪµױ𱣻ղİȫ뿪ҽԺ
һսϻӦղʺõʿԷȥҪɪýӴһЩղʳǰѹͷɻ󣺡ʲôǾ壿
Ǿ۶ɣҲǴԺ繵ͨһý顣Žһ䣺Ƕ̬ȻҲ⡣
ղƴ˽ʱйĵҲڽܹĵؽš
ϢҲκϣ鲿ҽԺȿ
ûмڲϣʱ
ȷ𣿡
ǻװһ£ŵԱݹƬǴųɣҲȷȥܽЦݺʡ
ЦݣӦòǲŶԡ
ֻʮĺӣȴŪģȫĿ϶߷񶨶ȡˡˡЦݡ͡ؼʣױ˵ԱĻɡ
뿪Աղ·ʱƬ룺Ǿܹ˵ˡ
˵ֵղ֮ý淢ԵƵͬ˵ע·ͽܲɷʱ̬ȫͬһת䡣
ͬϵԱƽ˵ʲô
˶ԴĲΪȻӵAľְȴδʹ̵İ·벻ϵ
һ׮αװʵİǾǴ󰸣ƻܱ߲ע⵽
˵ǿթǺһ£ֱӸһλҴ˵δ
ͬỴ̈ʱʶҽԺɵĻɪϽͲȡжˡ
û֤ݿɵ㣬ʲô
˲˵ˡ
鲿;һ򲻶Ըɵô࣬᲻ǾԼĹҪʵֳ尸šͻȻðܺߣýӵ֪ͨ鶼Ծ
ûȥѯղ裬ע⣬ʱ뿪ҽԺ

˲ҹ󾲵ø¡ûղŴ£˯⽥ӿ
ҹ˼ž
ֻеúйɣ˯еղӭجΡ
ĸϵȫ塣
ˮֱߣžıӳϣľڴʶ
гޱվǰ棬¶ɽͷôˣӦðȥ͹У
ȵգ˯еղһ亹ʶ߬סңǡ
г׵ǰһŷŭײˣתȥİ״ӡһ㲣ڿˣģ
ڼŤ
㿴ʲô
ס״ӡ
˯еղͼ߽ʶڷİĳʱûмҲҪʶģڼ䷢顣
֪ʱɽĲǺ𰸣״ƭ˵ĶԲԣϸ룬ʲô
ղѾܾûμǰˡ
ԳһֻĻʱ޷˴ղ谴ɽǡ֮˭֪ԷʦЩΪ֮֡
ʦ֮ӵأ֪ѾԻ֣Ϊ˲ܵǣɢղ衣
Դ֮ҲǷϡ
ղ賢˵࣬õֻһ䡮֪ڸġڱ洦ǰЩѬ˺
ϵͳǸʱֵģʱ򣬴һ·
ξڰקղҲ˵һ֡
ʱͻȻײɶݵߣȴΪס鲿ֶλһͷһὫؽϽȥָ
أ
ǰ鲿˵ľ壬žǿ;⣬Ǻ޹˼ɡ
룬ʵֻĿĴнӶĿƿܡ
Ǹ֡
͵طӦ
鲿ûٿżͷķʽһЩʿľû뵽øþܺ߿ڣس鲿Ĺ½
˱˴˿ҽԺ亹ð
ˣˡ
ѹɪֻţһʼǾͣԼȷղݣͬʱܸ貿ػ
͸壬Сڵ״̬
ѣղָڲϽ׵ıմȾ˰߲Ѫûָףںεȵʹ£ָײŽĴá
ļȥ鲿Ѵ̡
Ҳע⵽ղõ˿ڡ
ԶǵŽ⣬õ鲿Դղ辿û⣬ȻղҲʡȥĵ̡
һδ֪˽鲿һ⣬Ҫܵѹ
죬ϵͷӣü
ղ豧ϵˮ͹˼ڣֱĸɬ񱻳ˢɾŻ
ϧˣµӰЩʶ߽ĹУûܵڶο״ӵӰ
ɨһ˲£üͷղɤ˵ǲõܷһɪ˵мʱҡ
ƺǽü˵ʧְܷı֡
ҲϾɪԽǸȫ⡣
һۣһβ֪˵ʲôһĬתʿΪġ
ھˣǱ뿪϶ԷΪְѾĴ
ʿ˿ںϸ£ţöָŪӡ
ղЦ˵جˡ
üȫƣʿٴţһĻ
ǰȥ˼أԥһ˵˯Ƶ鷢
áղ¡
һأñ֪ںδףϵͳµġ
ӸոһĻһν档һֵղ貢δ˿ãֵԽɣԽ׼Էһ˿
ЩܳΪĳ롣
͵ĵصˣϵԸǸˣսǿֱ顣
ղ˸Ƿ˵ҪӺ󡣡
ܻصԭ涨ûǰһʹƷʡ
ȥִڼ䣬Ѫϵͳղ˳ŶԷ⹤ϵͳȻŵһųʾҪȥ
һǿ򷢴ããжλĵطһ¾ˡ
˭뵽ֱʣĿǰĿƼ̶Ⱥܿܲѷɫǣζлᡣ


6 
ڶղĺ磬һ±Ƕſڵ˵뿴ֽ𣿡
ôߣûĵݣᷢһЩ
ҽԺϢÿ춼üݵձֽױȡݡͷͷر֣Զѣһܺߣʵʱ׷𣡡
ּΥղʿڵļоԱΥʵ顭
һĿʮĶ꣬滹мҲݣղһûд
ݴϿͱȽϸıֽġһƪıǡЦŻȥƬԼ΢Ц泯˻֣ղƤһ¿
⻨ﻨڣеݵǰһ˽٤ǡ
٤۹ûԳζҲڼ˥ˣоһֱûнչּǵ۹Ķţչ˶ʢʱ˺͵۹˼ָܿİ취űڻñͬʱ
ʵ鱩¶ּźֱܿȻ永Աߺ󣬴ûй
ղϱֽ⣬ڵĴ̫áץԱܻᷢԼʵ壬ô̽һ¡
ʵ塣
ξһĻ
Щȥİ״ӣξʵڹģ
ԼĪ٤ǣʮģͺкܳһʱ䶼ڻجج״̬Ҳڼ䷢ʲô¡
űֽʣҪ𣿡
ղͷ֪ĸťǽ죬ͶӰ
һղ֪Լסvipеӣ˽ӰԺģʽ
һУеʮӱǧӭ̭
һ򿪾š
ʮ˿һѧʱղΪͬ飺ѧУѿ𣿡
¼ղ̬˺ܶ࣬˵һУʵʱÿ곬ǧʮǴӸɸѡģʸμ
ղݣʶ֡
ѧˡ
û仰㺬壬˵һ䣺۹ѧУܶ࣬һУõģҵ֮һ˶ܱ͵һУ
ղȤȣһ̨̨ڲžֻһȭ
аһȥһٸƵʮǺ;йأʣµĲžǱֱ

ܺãˡ
ƺЩĿȤɵвֱȫ۹ߵĽĿ
ղ˵ֻ뿴
˽
ȥ˸С

һרĵ죬ϵʩͻܺãھ
˵ñȽϺʵʸרΪ̼ܵ˴Ļָ
ղʣ𣿡
Уһܴͼݡ˵ǳ׶ÿ˯Ѻȥɳ̲ɹɹ⣬ȥͼݣٴ硣
һղʱаˡ
ɪأѧҽĳƺʽѯʵûҪ飿
ýȻɿԣڻʵϣЩǺȺվһߵģϣһͻƵ㣬õ۹¶永Ա
ֻҡͷ
ڻʱΪɪεĲ֮һ˽Ļⲻǵ۹ͲŵĲģǣԶԶڱ¶ǰҪ㡣
̬Żشǰһ⣺ȥְڽг̣ҾͲ֪ˡ

ϲɴʲô㣬һСӰˣղԳ˰󽫱ֽóСֽƬܵ˸˿ơ
е˿ˡ
ʵ֮һ˵
ղһ˷ǣŻ𳵵Ϸ
ܼ򵥣ƽֳݣͬƾͿԡ̡ǰһ֮ͬƣƶΪӮҡ
ſڵ
סڶ˿ˣеףͷϵղһƣȫɪŽɲǣֻڱûüȡ
ղ裺Ҫ˯һ
ҵͷͰɴΪǵԼܷϵ˿ڡ
ôС֪һ氵Űڡʧ󡯡
ע⵽͵ղһƤϹжʲô
˯ûвĻԣɪʣ
еơ
һֱһطܲģ
ɪһ仰ھû⣬ͰԺ
ղʮָɴصͷû⡣
ûʲôʰĶСβһɪ۰Ͱ͵ꡣɪعͿСϣֳһСʣҪȥ
еڴɪػһ£һܺõĵط

⣬ɳ̲ͼݺͺ磬ˡ
ɪҡͷúܶ࣬һУС
ǸոвŹѧУȫ۹ζҪĵطԼϸ첲ϸȣղʣ𣿡
òʷʵǣʵ
ɪֱԵУȫĵطЩٳҲմߡ
һûвӾУбҵܵ㹻ӻڵͬ鲻ܱһӣʵԴܡ
˵Ѿβ䡭
ѧĺʮꡣ
һѣһᱣѧ
ղᶨܾɪôΪң
ߺǲܵģⱲӶܵġ
ɪ˸ƣš
Ҫ˵õڶ¡վڲߣйϵĻ㣬޷ɼɹ
ղżܸо޵Ļ㣬ǰԭΪڻָϵͳӦᱣǰ޷ָ̻Ĺ̡
ֻһֱʽҽԺĽˣǰѡ
ʱһξѣ򼸺ȫǼʡֻͬͬ٤۹ҪѵķǾΪгսʷҲͳһΪϵ
ϵֻҪ֤ʵãѻѧʸ񡣡
ղ̽ʣҵ𣿡
ɪǵһУҲṩŵ֡
ղоٴԡ⡣
ɪȡһ͸С£УϸѾǵĸ˹ͨ㲻شУ
·Էܣ֮

ľңᵼվʧܣ·ṩ
ղҪԼ
ɪһ䣺ܳɹѣΪȫ۹䱦ڴ֮ǰôҿϵƷʡ
ղ˼
ɪͲû˵ҿܵ¾ʧܣһͶ˲ҪڴʱڼܵĺҪӱ
Уʵȫչ޷⣬ԸҴ绰
ϷһȫµͨѶϵʽ˿һĻض𾪣ɪӲϸ֦ĩڵġ
ɪԣǵȼ۽ҹղ豻ֵıꡣ
ĲԸɪʣ֪֪ΪʲôһҪȥ
ղĬһ£Ա
ΣѵԱ
һԭ򣬡ɪҡͷ¶ĵģ˵һ仰
ԷľϵҪȥҲѴɪԽȥһľУ
ղɻ̧
ɪ˵Ϊҡ
ղ￩һ¡
־δǼսҵ㡣


7 
Щ˵ڣǳŵһҪ򵥡
һУеޱɪΪǵúȫ
ղȨ⡣
ɪԼУʵҪ󡣸ͳϸľУȣһȻӰȫ
ſڣ˵һȥ
ղԴһ£ģһ嵭ԵøСˣЩ·СҰ
Ȼû˻㡣
ɪڼ䵭ڣ־衣
ղ̧ͷ
ǾУеУѵһ
ɪ鿴߷ӵʱļأ淢˼μɵˣųҸɱ
ղİʾ
ýĵɪţҲܶΪʿϵҽй¶߿ƼʱҽҲпܱ
˭ȥһҽ
ǿɻɪ˵ŵҽĲͨǸҲкܶˡ
ҽлأһݾ
ƹ˳صĻ⣬ɪʣѧһסȫݻҽԺ
ܰ˳ԺղҪǲڣ԰vipһ¡
ղ˵ҽԺɡ
ôǵ˵ܼ⣬˭֪ȫʲôġ
õ𰸺ɪָӲղҲûƵ˼ſҵϡ
֪Ҫʲôֱ˵Υþ飬Ѿְͣˣ׷𡣡
ⳡӺ͵鲿֮ĲģǰռϷ磬鲿üƵع⣬ضҪٵ˲
ղ裺ôأ
һʱʲôǳ⣬ΪĲ̣һ䣺ʴȲһ¡
ղͷ
֪أͷˡ
¶ҲܵͣղزĽŲһ٣һֻ䷿䣬ողŷĲźǺصžͺι̡
Ϊ棬ĿͣʱЩá
Ǹʧص׼
˵ΪһЩȥܳ
ղعͷԶȵǽϿһӰڲ԰׵ƤԳһֲ̬
߹¶΢Ц˵顣
˵֣ãҽ󡣡
ó״Ĳãÿ¡
ղ˵仰αʿȥ롣ʧЦֻһ˵
ıӰ⺢ӻָĲ
ղ˳Żȥ֪һǰȻʵ֮һҲΨһɹܺߡ
ʱֻʣһȻΪ޲𹥻ҽԺòÿ򶨼
ܻ֮ȥǸ漣
أõ𣿡
ˣΪһֱҪָҽԺڽơ
ղЦЦû˵
Ų鸡Щ⣬ǽһ·߹ƺڹӪСʾ飬ղǰûٶϵͳ̫ΧС
ڳէѱҲܵƾһСȥ㡮١˵ʾĳ㲻һǻġ
־衣
ղ费£ʶ˵ɪĸ֡
ãġ
ʱ򣬴Ӵ⿴ȥǻƻһղ뿿ڲϣɪµͨѶִֻ࣬ϸơɪ¿ֽ϶ӦĹƼ
ֹҳ¼ղϵǿļ򡣺⣬٤ǺǶǰé٤۹ĴսͬǼ˵һŰյ򣬺⽻ͬʱҲΪءΣյĵط
ȥ䣬ֻһΡ
һΣһȫͳε
ȫĹУǷֳǿȰɱұļǿãã䣬޲ȫ˵ģֻˡ
Ȼô
ղҲΪ˵սе𺳡
йϢ࣬ûһͳйء粢֪ǳʼͣóȻй¶ܻǴȥ鷳
٤ǺԶһЩǣٸһٶҪȥҪᴩǼսĽ֮ơ
òͶ˸̥ȴز˼ңղ˼䣬Ȼ˵֮

곤һЩȻӻҪղһЩ׼ʱֹˡ
ղ裬Ȼղһң¶ԷȥС
󲢲⣬ߵԶλãڿǽߵĵϣ΢Цʵûסһ£ƽʱҶûʲô˵ˡ
˵ղڳߵ״̬
ΪףϳɵԵЩ졣
׼ͬϵĬˣʾ²ѣó׼õһƿǧֽס
ʱյϣ͸㣬ϣףҲܴݸ㡣
ղƿϡ
ϵͳҲ͸ʱձоȳ˴ϵͳһ׹ޣԭǣϣܴݵϡ
Īˣһղע
ллҺϲ
ʵӽղ裬κһĵĶڱ⡣ղʵ̫˵ͨĵ㣬ƩԷҪƽ׵ĴýǰֱֵĹֺ
һռ䣬ֹŹֵĸоǵûм٣ڲӡ
ڷڲߵͨѶҪӸ𣿡
ղûоܾ
ͨѶԴһЩоʹƵ罻appղע˺źͨ˺롣
ĵʱʱҡ֮ǰ˵ʱ˵ڻúܶࡣ
ղͷٶͨѶ֪ʶ
̫ɽǰϢ򵯳֪ͨͼƬһ״ơ
ղվȥߣҲܿ
ò˵ĽӽǡôģޱƵԭҲܳ㣬˶ܺߣҲҴߡУһԼʼձجλƵ飬ƺĽ⳯صķ
ֻĻյ̫λղżҲỳǲԼˡ
ҹ轵һ꣬ڶһ磬컹û˲š
ҪҪȥ͸ЦеҶɡû˻ע⵽㡣
¥һȦˣҲڣղҲʿ
ҽԺŵĴͣȤؿţһڼղ裺ʵҾʣΪʲôһֱ£
ղͳػش𣺡ҿƾõġ
û̫⡣
ıҲ䣬żףʱʱĹЦʼһлл㡣
ţ
ҵһѡ󻺻һֱҹҽԺˣ뿪Žǵȥס
ղ裺Ӵһ磬ʶµҲܺá
֧㡣
߽һ˵һ԰Ժǿһȥ档
ղ跢ȥһģ൱ڴˡ
Ӧʲô㲻ȥ
Ҫȥѧ
¶һĨѧһʣȥѧУǿһ𡣡
ղ裺һУС
һûüȻҲûҪе𾪡һУУƵǵ۹żߵѧУ
Զѹˮӵղ迴ʱ䣺Ӧǽҵĳˡ
žһɡͻȻסֻ֣ҡ
󲻽⿴ȥ
ĿԣղûһԤ׵طŷԼĸһ糿ټɣټɣټɣ
죬֣һĿתһ˳裬׳ĸò⻭ʵ޷ȥ͡
һλѾ΢Զһͼ͹ĳи
ѡղȻθ˰˶ȣټ
Ƥһ
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11 
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12 
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13 
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һգþ߷ӣϳܻʣʮ졣ȫɳղ迪ʼԶǿм޽ӣһƷʡֲ㹻ʢݻ磬͵ؿڡ
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14 
ޣʶѿڶֺɫȺ˱仯
̹١ʯһվֱ塣
ҶˣȺæղȵģǰ㣬ΧƻȼҲãô㣬ɲ˷ѡ
ʯ˵Ǹģ̹ٵľѾΧܹרҵѵ˵һѣһͻᱻ𴩡
ʯʵһС
ָԱߵӣЦˣǮյûţ
ʯСҴˡ
Ҳ̹٣Ǵˡ
ʵ벻İ취ղ̫ˣ˵˲㻹ܡôһС˵ػ°ˣ£ǲôĵֶΡ
ۿ˵ÿһȥǶڳž޴ľѹһͣղϣôģ
ղӣûʲôֵ飬ֻҪԺ󡭡
˳Ľݣʯ̵ԺŽѰκ˼
²Ϊҹ
ʯɴ⣬æˣ˲ϸǸܰ㡣
ֻʣղ赥ԸߴĽ̹١̨ǹŵģͨ޵£еƯڡ
ľ3SĪ˵㶫ȼǶ㣬˵첻̫Ӱ졣
ĴָմЩҴ˴꣬Ƴ۵¯Сע⵽ϵһЩƤмʣģ
ղͷ
ѵŲҲӱжֲ˲⵽ҶƬҺյĻ档
ղ̨ţɳлῪһܴĻԻһ¥
ָһڣִҶƬϵҺ
ղһûڱ㱻̧
͸˿͸ΧѪڣܿͻָɫ
ֻҪ㹻ǿĶҲûáҪû㶫ͱס
ղ˿ɱҪǳ£˵ġ

йղ账ǰѽ׶ε飬ֻУ˽ûã£ӾԲôɳۣһ¾Ϳ˶ߣ߷
ʱɪΪʲôղģԭΪǼһżƦӵ磬ֱӶùϵöԷڿˡ
ҲܵУ
δʽǰƾղԾƬ˽⣬ѿǵȥӦá
Ȼƣ˳ߣղ֪ŷˡ
ʱԼֺǲСײʯͷڨڨЦΪҪװˤˡ
˲֣һĥѧôɵعȥ
ûеղ軹Щ֡
Ҫһֱѡ
ղע£˵־裬ͶԼ˳ʵ
ǰһдУѵҳһֻܶжϡ
𣿡
ղƶǶͷ
󣬼ǵð֮ǰ˵Ҫ͵Ļˡ

ߺղվԭأĥˡԼˡʡ
Լ˾ǿεˡ
ղ迴Ҫһ˼࣬Ǹϰһֱ硣
תȥ̨鿴Ƥݵƣղ迪ʼȫעΪҩ׼
¹ȥύֻʣգͨʱ䣬ڸĿѾ̶
ʮϣһϱһСʱʮ֧顣
ղӽ߷

ÿ춼ڼѵؿƾע롣
ԱͨѶĻʱˢһ¡˶ἰʱϱ֮һֽŸСõĶҪģʱÿһӣɹѡķΧͻ١
ȻҪҪãղĿҲҵĶѡ
ŻҶ֪ǲղ˹ȥչơ°Ļɢȳζ֮תΪʳֲղǰڵѪûа׷ѣ޽Ӻ;İûжʱڵǳ㡣
ӷ׷׹أǽѷＸֻСҲȫ
㶼жֱ黨
ղ뾫ʱǺһк
ҪһȱĶߣºͣزסɫ³ӣһԷ
ڳչֱ꣬ǳɫʰ쵣Ҳ޶
ˣ
ղ豧黨׼ȥëԼ
һȻվ⣬׼š
ղ迴ǳϲ˭ҲԵ޹ţ̫鷳ǻ᲻Ҷѣ뵽ղü䣬ŻЦֹ
ɰ
ƽһΣʶʵʵдա
ĿԣļͻȻơ
εΡ
ж
εΡ
綾
رսиͣļղΣĿϵĻ衣ĻÿһƬ궼档
ֲֵ
ղ衮šɶˡ
ķ޴ɹ͸֧û˯á˵ղʣ𣿡
֮ǰġ¾áµ֪գҽԺϮľ壬ҵġ
׻ղһ
ףǼսΧʧأȥҽԺסһʱ䡣
ҲӦþ߱ܰá
仰һһʵֱףղʹĴ磬Ҳʹ죬һûѣʧأҲΪ
ղ̨ϵĻݲݣҿóҩһǰ뷢ڣһֿ޵ս
һѪʣɰЧ
ұ֤ղûޣûǮȥʬʵ飬˵һ־ܳɡ
Ƥȷеоʾãղ򵥲һ̡
𣿡Ȼʡ
٤۹þ߷£û󲿷˾꣬һӴӣ϶ƻڲ顣
ղͷ
Ҳ̫ºˡ
ʱһëһǧɱû
غŴľΧᣬһղ裬۳εı֡
·סһ㱡ɴζ档
ʵûֱҪߴ඾ղͷоְ˵ȫ߶軨Ķء
Ż裬ղ޶ȵʹþ綾Ļȴǿƽá
ֻü˸һº⣬һ롮顯һ±ըˡ
عǿ
ԶɼжвеĶسܳܵĸɡ
мľ֣ղûоʣò򵽼ðαӲƷˣ
Ҳ̫Ƥˡ
Ĭ˼롣
ܾ֮ǰһ仰˵ϵ۸㿪һŵʱҲһȴ
ϵ۸һ˿Ƿţղ迪ÿš
ԿղͰֱӵľӵ㣬ֹ£һþȥһֶʱһٸӵ㡣
ӵ㣬ζſƿرƷȫһκҲ⡣
ϣʹղܴ߷ȰҪǿٱĶء


15 
Ϊս֡
ղİЩεֻܶ㶾Ÿ赽̫ۣһñ˶λҡ
Ƭ̣ղŰԼ¥æһ転Ƥݡ
Ӻղһͷˮվڹǰ
ƽ̹٣ղȥһ¡
أϲϸ֦ĩڵ飬һһϱٴκ˶ԡΪˣ̧ͷ˵ʲô
ظһոյĻ
ǲԼ̫ʴˣЩҹսȨҪҪʱղǰ˵Ļ˵һ顣
ţղ£һ¸¥ǰ˫ĶԻܽ˵Ҫ㶾Ȼ赽ܣս
ҪѵĻĬһ£ϸǿ֤ͨҼˬظСʱ
ٹ֣
ǡ
ղ裺
ԷǱ̨ʾ˵Ͻȥ档
ǲȥӣ
ڰ֣ʾòġ
һղУŻɪʱ֤ͨµݻءӹʱΣܸожڸš
̹ٵľ塣ʣΪ˱ϰȫ
ﶢղ۾٣ȥУҪر
߶ԶҪ˾ǿ3Sľ˵۶תǶȥ
·˸Ѽñղϣֱͨĵķֵ屶ļǮܵ䣬ԣһƱѶһˡ
£ʮӵ·̣ǵ䡣
ٶȷǳ죬ѡַرƫɼ۶ķ
羰һȽ̳ղʶ٤۹ıɽһǡ
мľǣղеĻû·˼ѣ̳ߵλ÷ǳϵĻﻹûие³жࡣ
ȻһղͿЦóҴСĶ°ť˲һ׵ķƯڰС
¿D-3469аۻ
˿ͣҪһ¼ʻ
ְ°ťһ
ղ֮ǰҽԺʶļܻˣѹ޷۹ĿƼʵǿռӦ÷档
ǰߣܿƵͣڷɴרǰ
սǾ裬ͨ˲ܹ򣬵ҪǼΣԹɴһҷɴҲҪʮڡղɻԭ籨𣬾Ҫ
ղżһпռվĵط
ִרŰװʳĵطһҲǽǮٴҲŨָ׸ǴС
ˣԱ߹΢ЦʣλҪʲô
軨ղϹ棬ж
һ裬顣
ղ貹䣺޵ġ
ԱǿЦݣʼأǱҡ
ղһӶò
ˣղŵ¸ǰһ㡣
ãһӵġ
Աóʽѡ
ָҲԶƣҪǮղָһͼġ
˵һ䣺һɹ׹һɽָ
Я
ҪʮӣڼղϵעûޣĿǰֲ֧С
ˡ
Աڼ߳ղһ£ǳԭô顣
ѵóһˣֹ֮˺ܶطղ֪뿪̳ʱǰһӰһԳٶȱš
ȻӣͱأݺѺڵϡ
ǹڶ׼˵ԴղԷߣˣ
͵ߡ¸ץ˵Ʒǵ鲿ģ͵ҲǵĹ롣
߿ƼĽ죬Щ׸ı䣬ֱ治ʲô˹룬ԳΪоƬֲڣ㱻ȡҲ޷ʹá
ץס͵߻ô
ͳһȥǣ𡣡
ޱ޼ʣһһʱҪ꣬׷ѾǼޣûκε۹ȱغķѲǲ͵߻ع
ղͷһٴο϶˸ոյͷ
취һҷɴԱʱ֮衣
ʵֻһͣ͵ҲһǱЯԴͶϵߣֻҪ֤ʵԵ۹ãһλᡣ
Ҫ󣬼ղ֡ʱղһһûйš
ǵ鲿Ҫߵ鲿̣㲻ϲǴ򽻵ġ
Ϊʱ飬ղԵ鲿ӡȷʵ̫á
ҽԺɼѪѾȥﱣܣֹպðʶ𣬡Ϻ⣬˵ñȽϸУ룬Ҫٽš
۹һҽԺǼͼҿģҽԺ;ĽӼ֪һЩ
ǻصѧУղ跢У԰߶˶
ӵһϱʼǶŵƣҲٹڹȥСʱ䣬ӻѾɡ
ղ򿪹鿴ҲԼġ
ˡСӣӳ
ԱԪģ٣ۣղ裬ˮǡ
Աǰĸ֡ղŹֵôҲķ
ޱ飺
ĳ˵ûġ
ӳҪһƿ˵ԭ
Ҫսרȥһԡ
ˮã˵Ӧ
ٺ͵Ԫķֱѧɼĵ͵һϧһó͵Ϯ
۴Աһ¥߳ˣһȦ
ղ죺ôˣ
һֻ۾ڵè鰧ԹóͨѶղ迴
Ϊ˷ֹպв죬֮ǰȥϵԱʱǰ˵Ҫղһ𣬽롣Ϊ۵һݱ
С
ֳѣҪܽղ裬ղãģȥЯֹδ
ղ迴һ飬ⲻӵ£
ʲôʱôѧʱԴޱȹά
˵Ҫμѿⶳˡǳˬ죬ǷǮһˣ
ԸԸ⣬ڶһ飬۶ղ̬˺ת
ΪЦյСϢǰУУҪǰѵ
񲢲ȣûоϵͳѵһʱҲĥʲôҰ·Ӵ򡣡
۱뿪ڣԶСԼеϤӰͽ̵һһ£ղѾӻûҲˣӮ˫ʡ
ǵѧѵһܶڡ
˵ʱһԡ
ʶʲôղʶͷһûˡ
۸ʹɫʵ̵ǻкܳһξ룬ھǿ˵ÿһ֡
Ӱ̵벽Уͷ
УһϣƮƮĸɽһѹ뷨


16 
ǿľ˺ͣһӣУѾջ˾վǰ
ʺá
̵ܺһۡ
ղ棬Ǳˣ
ѹѹƿԸ֪һ˵
ɷϵǣղ˵ϺÿʱʶطӦǡ̫tmеˣ
鵽˱ͦվŵļһװʲôɧҲһôģ
˼䣬УѾ߹̵ѵȥѵ
ǡ

۵СϢǳ׼ȷ磬Ԥѡʱ䣬ѧУҲ·֪ͨŵȫУſڼϡ
ʮУܹע̶Ȳִĸ߿ý塢ȺڵĿⶼ۽
Ǹûᡣ
ڣһƬطϣȫղ̳ʱĻ棬ЦݲõղĮļ
ƽվͲϲôЦ⵹Ǹṩһ㡣
ͼʾã֮ӺͷϲӣУ˽ղ棬üͼδ̳ͬһ㹻ǽⷢӡ
ǱѧԴȺڻͬһʵ壬Ҳһ̫ʵ塣
վŵ˿ʮңǰּּܲŷֱѵȫ˵ġ
鹦ܶǰʹӼǣƽڴƣƺʩȺпڱְܲųķΪ˹壬ͨ˺ܶˣڼڲܿա
ʵʴ˽Ϊңĺ˾Ļлƻ˽ӣĸա
ʮı湦üѣʱջ˵ûּǿ̨ҲϺĲ·
ôԼţֻʵҪȥö࣬һ᣺ȻھУɱһˮҲС
δղΪ֤˳ͥ΢һ£֤ʵĿŶȻ󽵵͡

˵ƶ£Ϣ͵ĺܿ졣
ڶղʱԸоһ¶˲ͣԼϹŹֵߡ
ȥѵģԼս5ҡ
ǰţԲͻȻһһŮĶԻ
Զ㣬ôײ㸺𣿡
ŵشղһȦӡ
ղһĪ
ƽ۰Ե˺٣ڿ֮󣬻оһ˽ġ״ڽս֮⣬ѧֻս
ղϢ˼ۣԱ߻мűȽİס
˳úãˮкҽˮҸ磬ǡ
ղ裺Ǻá
βŮӺƣֻ΢΢˵ͷԼ֣١
Աߵ˵ҽеԪģЩϣýҪ辶š
ղ£ʲô
ԪҲסˣ㲻֪
У󲿷ѧпŵϰߣղֻ˯Ȼѵϰߡ
ϵźܹɣ𴲣һйػǵϡ
V40
˵
Ҳһղ±
Զ±أһܺΪĵսղ裬شҶİǰñӪȳʵƷܺߣȻڻعһжζ
һУɥʧԭԴɸѧУڼȥй䣬ͼȫͬҾݲ֪ʿ͸¶ͬղӲ
е᲻صزţղ˸طζŵͬʱ˵һ߼
ΪʲôҪֺ߼
ɪԱղѧͼҴ˾δûֺþ˼
ղü߼ˡ
ԪĻǵһμйԼţôζġ۲һղı飬ûκαװ
ôûıһ£ɪΪʲôѧ
ԪĿһﲻΪװƭ˽֪
Щ˵ղҲܿ
һܺߣ±ʲôţҲôӦĵ۹˺ٹƵţղܵ˶ĹעҪΪѧ
ⳡ粨Աܿѹȥ˵һλˣ
һ˶ȥղƣԱ棿
ͼһĳޣ߲ƣԱά¥ѧİȫȻ֡
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һ˵Ŀռ䣬ڵѶȽС£飬Һٴǰ棬۸ʣһӡ
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Ǽķ䷽ʽղӣȴûԼϡ
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ҩ﹥ķ򡣡
һֱӽޣһŸɡ
ˮľҹݺó̽·ѰһѺ֣֮΢ӦսԷ
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˭Ҳ鿪ЦȻˣ֤ղҩõġ
˽սѵղûм£ȥҩۡ
·ּŵر󲿷֮ǰѾ̳ǷһЩ˵ּı٣̩NҩҵҲ漰УּƲNҩҵչĿǰѾ»ָӪ
ּţҩҵҪƾҩ
Ҳǵ۹һֱǵԭĵ䷽ͻܱΰڼУǿ˻˲Ȩس
͡
ղĿ˼㡣
¥Ҳ̫㣬һ졣ԱһСƣڷ
͸ƬһǺԼҪ¥ղ費ͣ½Ų
һżͼƬĵһ̳̾ͣͣĻ棬еһοϷһóʱץ·ǳλͷ΢΢죬޷ϸ²׽ÿһ飬͸¶һͫ׵ĸо
ģΪȱʶ˽⣬ĺ֪ռ۵
ղ裺
ͫˡ
һƪͨƪһֶûУҼɿԡҪдԼղ趼Ҫжˡ
üøʲôʲôȥϴ׸ᷢȥ


17 
ղ뵽ԱҪ𱣻ѧȫҪ𹫹ع
Ҳȷʵûʽʲôûƪ˵
鲿϶㣬׼
ղ˼ӦáŲ
¶̫ߣڵҩۣԴϰҡ
޵ҩΪףֻҪǿҩԡ鷳һ㣬ҪһḶ́ζҩԣҪܵĵ䡣
ղóһС֣⻹ǹ̳ʱɷС⡣ϺȡһҩҩУǿҵĻѧӦ£΢ʴԵ
ĵڻʣµľ飬ղµá
ϰҳȥʱ͹˳緹ĵ㣬ղٴҵ̽ʵ̹٣ѧУûռĵط
ڵõشǰ㲥ͻȻ֪ͨղͬѧУһˡ
һظ飬ȫУֻһղġ
£ȥ
ղúõҩۣ򵥽һ;뿪

УҳУˣͳһװ˲ЦмĴһ۾Цеģȴ
ղŽȥʱպࡣ
Ǽûнӵģϵ۾;һµĸ߿ƼԽݷԷߵղǰڣǵ鲿ˣл߾
Ƶ̬ղ谵䱸
л߾óһݱֽѾҵ׫ļߣƬȥ磬׼ҥΣ
ղû
һŴԼ鲻̫򵥡
ȻǱУˣϢǣλѧڼҩҵһλԱ̸
ղˣ鲿ҪսڼڣУһ鵽ס
л߾΢ЦղĻش
ǣһȫʽöעǰЩſսȻͷûȷ̬鲿Ȼϣһ²һ£Ȼл߾Ҳ¾ԲԴ߾ͽ
ѱ׼ͣлأĿҪУһٸס
ЦĿղͷȴǧء
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Уϲŭɫƽ˵ʵ뷨Сղ裺ǾУʲô˵á
֮⣬˵ʲôѧУĿɽ
л߾ۣ
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л߾ЦݼСִ֪磺ܺãҲ㱣֤߻Ϊ֪ıʸӣۡ
ղæ֣ôߣҲûܵʲôӰ졣һ£Ƿòã˰ףԺҹġ
鲿ȨûѪԣ۹ͽûث֣һߵ׵ģղĻȻЩ˵ۡ
һԸˣ鲻ˬһ졣
л߾Цˣ䣺ˣ
ղͷ
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ղһڣϣɢ⣬֪û˵һ۵㣺С
£ڳʥһһٵҪԣ˴Ҳת򡣡

ĸ֪ղȫûʵе¶л߾۾Ҳʵʱ沿ŷȷû˵ѡ
ղ˵ȷʵĻ˺䣬ø˵Ļϲͬ˵
ҩǼŵĳ룬ղþ߷ЧҪʲҩõöࡣ»ҪúııˣƷЩţʮڵķɴҲ¡
ڴ֮ǰǿӲҪ󳹲飬ĽҲС
Ȼһԭ򣬹ĵ鲿
Ҫһǲֱ˻ԭ㡣
Ҵһ仰ҲϾ˭зʱ򡣡
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ƫƫǻ˵ʲô
Լ˵ɫתղ̫̾ˣպԼһϷܾĥѵһͨͨѡԭ£Ͷ˺ϼһĹһ֪ǻ᲻
ղЩ񣬾Ҳǲܿǣ
عһԲл߾˳ʶûУֱ뿪
ղ׷ȥһ·Уſ˵ҳ½飬߿ԱŻ𣿡
л߾鲿ְԱѾ˷ղ豻סԳУšۿŷ뿪̬бֻص¥
հϴ׸巢ȥ̧ͷʣЭ̺ˣ
ղͷ鲿ô
Ŷôشģ
Ȼѡԭ·ˡ

ݵĴ㵺ȻЦ˵úá
뿴Щһﵱʱı顣ӳóһӹȥǶ˺üСˮղס󣬷Ӧѹõҩ
ûмŻңֽʣȥˬϰ¿ʼдš


һͨ绰УҡУԳӿһ£û鲿һˣûźá
Уһţǲǰղģɪ㿴˵۹⻹һ׼⺢Ӻ˼
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ⲻ£½ϼᴦҪ󣬵鲿˼ߣֻΪղܵвȣòӡ
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3SľҲеȼУվڶ˵һ֣ʵѾڳ3Sȥߣľɢ׸ѧУƫƫѧûκβֻżмʦ̧ͷ
ΪҪϢˡŰɣԤУ۹ܿҪһϴ
͸ʢĵ¥ڵеطĪܱ׸֪κֻҪ˼УһԶʵֽɱ
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4.һҷɴ
紵Ƭ꣬ղ±ȥַ̨ͷŹ׵ƶ䡣
ѵõһǸ


18 
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·һһŮȺ󲻺˼Ǹˡ
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Ӻף֮ǰҼӱܾˣ֪ӣ̬ҲЩʧ⡣
С£ûϡ
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ı飬ӷ߷߲ƽȻˣЩˡ
֪˭һУˡѧ̹ӣҲ
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һս۵ͼֻоȫϢʵ֡УģͼĿǰֻͨ1V1̨ʹģʽ
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ƹ۽ڳϣǰһͨڣͨϷƢڵգԱ΢ЦŶӽ롣
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19 
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Ѿʧȥעȵղ費֪ϯʲôҲ֪һڲ롣
ŵľɳʧȥյļžɵĵطҲڶ֣쳣ǿңеطŻ
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ǵľڳڵͿ̽Ѱˮҹݺȥһʱ䣬ûôõ䵥ޣͷĵ˲١
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ڻڹעղĹֻʣѺעһģǱѾɱͷޣΪ߳ٳûжϲȥ
ⱦ˶Ҫֿڡ
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һߵĳӲ֪ʱڳڣס֮ףΨܸûڵ¶ĵ̡
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20 
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޶ѪԭʼȰ3SǿߵѪҺ̺޷ܾ
˹ضԵ˺ݣԼݣһѪ˿ȵޣ˽϶ѪҺֹѪ˲ųղķȥ
˹ӳһѪ顯ֻǹһ׷ȥ
ղڵϹһȦպ޲Ҳײһ߹ǡ
ر裬ղǿֱ壬޻ָп᱾ǰ߶ζ
ѪҺӿ䣬޺ȵòʹ졣
Ѫֻûղ߶̫ãֻصԭλá
˹ͼͬķȥղֻоżйޣŻԼѪзӦɽżΪһ˳λ
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һ߹ǵղûƶΨһ̵ֻл軨
˹Цᣬʼʩȥղ衣
ָֻһʼ״̬Ȩ
ȻԱޣղҪӱ߶㣬״̬
ۿҪֲסֻ޲֪Ϊ뿪ղڵ򣬷˹ɱһͷΧԼޣЦһûôˡ
ѪҺҪٴ޳ղȥ˭ֻ֪⧲תſѪڵͬʱظ˷˹һ
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ղÿɷʵĿԶԶעŷ˹أ³֣
Ϊãÿղ߶ģԲŻỻءһεڶҲˣ˵Σ޸˹һǺͰ׵ġ
Ѿ˰ȻĽ׶Ρ
˹ҲӦһɽȷޣͬղҲһֱŻ
ղΧĶ̫ǿңʹжٻǰޣ˹ûóȻʱţȥ»˹زòȥȨ⣬ҪҪðȻӽ
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ʱղȥ¡ƽľĬĬԼһ仨һ仨޿ңҡ
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˼ȥٶĿҲ¡ҶǷӣ˭˭˹ղ̧ۣȷҪȥ𣿡
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˹ص˽ͻȻ𶯣ԷϢĥʲôϽĿꡣ
˹زɵӣʼߴ٣ѾҪ޸硣
ղȻѹ֪ĻܶƶˣûжʱͻԶ͡
ľһ磬3Sķ˹һ
ҪͨһǵķպѶȶղ²Էܱܿǻƻ֯Աֻȥú
һ仰÷˹Ȩرˣһʼղô˵˹زţһԥɱ֣ƣսʧѪ岻
ϧգղһ仰δҡɹһƺүڰ﷨˹أǰɱȥ˴ޣ˹ڳ
۾˸ŹâûеҪɱһˡ
ٴ𶯡
ʲôˣ
տʼ˹ػû仰˼ֱڲͣ˸
˹أǶλ㡣
ʾ˿ҲһƬģ
Կҡ
ɪ˵޸ˣ
ȫԱûϵ޷飬ɽƬģ鱻Ρ
ģսֱеڲɬ߶ȳꡣ
ɪſȨޡ
ȫԱҡͷѾŵ˳˼ǲС
ȫϢҲеߵġ
ңˡ
ڿղĻͬλ˹أ޷ΪŴͳ롣


21 
ɽȲޣղͷ˹Сþһų
ղ˿ѪԱ΢ЦˮתںתԼ
˹¹ɱղҪĴۣƬػᵼжٻھӸǰԼһܳɹ뿪ǳæڽ䳷ɽȣðͬھķսĿꡣЩԺгֲ룬˹ؾѾ˾
뿪Ƭҵĵطпʵֶλ߳ϳĹУⲻҪʹ޶֣鲻
þըޣ˹ھٶɱһѪ·ⳡϮν˷۱ľѾʧصơ
ղģؿ˹Զ룬һ˲ǱʱһҲȫֲһӹȥˣһӣʮӡ
һߣղһ߽ʱ˹Ա֮һĴۣɹִɽ⡣
뿪ϵͳȻûг׵õ޸Ѿ¼һЩģ顣󲿷ֱپǰͻȻµѡŽٺңǺԥѡ뿪
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ղͨǵĵ绰
𣿰ǶΣԼܳȥ
˿˻š֮ǰԷͻȻöŶܳȥǵ붼
޵ĺ˹æѣѾ뿪ˣ쿴
ղ˳ѡǻɫ
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ղ裡ûõӦǱ߼ڽ֡
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ˮѵһĬ

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ڼʼվûŹղ뿪ԣɽߵĶ̫ʧȥǺֱײ뵽ղйءҺпܻᵼģʧҲһҧղ뿪ĸ㡣
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޻ǵ۾ߣҪͨصȥѾܡ
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ۡ
ղͷ۵ÿҪըٴθܵʹһ飬֤š
۾ɬ촽Ϊʹ΢΢š
һɷùղļͻȻһסǲǵã˵ҪΪɪһˡ
Ȼ粢ս

ڶΣղ豻ŵ˻عⷵա
ิյʱ򣬼˳ɹӪȳģսڵǻҲȫ̧ҪһȥҽԺ
ȺУһӰȥʿס
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󡣡мϳ˼Ƭ
ΪʵġܺߡųԺã˭Ҳ֪Ϊʲô
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ͻȻּ֣ŵǰܲ⡣˹صж⣬Զ̻㱨һЩֻһ¡ͬΪʵ壬Ÿ׽οҽԺӽղ衣
ղٳûյϢ˵򵱳ı˲һȹһʽű
ٲãȥҲ֪ղ豻ȥＱȡ
ҹȥѡݼܺãĿǣܺߵļһ͸¶һ˿
ղǿۣȿ̧ͬŵļſڣѾҪ˵ʲô
ҰΧޣղ迴ˣҪȷû¡
ſʧܣǧĿС
ոעҩļѾָһЩղĽëͼҪſĴ꣬̾˿
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ʻʱ򣬼Ѿ˴𰸡ղǰһֱʵأǰܽӴֻͬ
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ͷ
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˭֪һ̣䲻ڿա
һȦȦתԾۣڿתʮȦ
͸ͷεۻҡ
ֺзִ磬תöԷͷۻʱ˾ڵ˵ȥү


22 
ڳļ츳û߻İտֱĹڡ
ǲףԷΪʲôҪӵˣ
ֳңͷеԶ߲˵ʲôֻиľúү
µĵĺĳ̶ȣСС;͸ҰԼʵƷָ弯ŵѷɫǵ˹ء
˿Ժǧͷ
Լ¶𣿲ȻΪʲôҪ¶Ǹþٱ鲿ѵΪû֤ݣҲôݾ߲Ŷԡ
ͬһ±ƵļԱ˰֣Լߡ
·ղ赣ʱ˵ͷ㰲ơ
Ӧ鶼ˡ
ϣղָ˶һҲ²ͷһᣬٴûʶ
̧ܵ˼Ҵҵغһ䣬ֻȥˣϷ
ʧʣûñִҽԺ
ղֱӱƽ˼ңҵԶϡ
ѧ½½ͽҽԺղصһλ
ͬһʱ䣬һܵĻϣ˹Ǳա
˭뵽ξȻһϡ
ҲûЦ⣬εĺȫ¶˳ûȷ˹ôɫٿؾ䣬Ѹţ˹ؼʻսչ
˶ĿӸ߿иһУ³ڻս̵β
죡ٿһ㣡
ʧȥƽսҡҡλΣֲľƽ˼ǣͬХӿ
˹صľʼһԼעD-32ԼǿѹסҪʧصľ
ȥ˹һҧıн򣬴벻Զڵĳ涴һȶĳ涴ܻܲȥȫ
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ζһ£Ϊǵضֵϵ˴Ŀյվšֱ˺һҲûмָĶ
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˹Ųڻǣĳģս֮顣ȾһһѲҵܵûӰˡûϵ٤۹ͳ߻ֱþɨлǣɱһֲ
顣
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ǸУѧҽԺΣȻҪ˽һҽ΢΢ͷ˵ǿӦͦһء
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΢һѣθӰΣղ˺þãȷǺҹ۾⡣ǿ˴ͷĺ壬ܿ˽
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ղڵһ¥ܷأΪҲһơ

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Ϊǿ壬ýЩ
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ҽ˵ܺˮղɤӶŵģڶԷһǰʣأ
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Ϊˡõʿѫ£鲿Դ飬ͼ㶨Ϊⳡ¹ʵĵ
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л߾˽涴׷˹أ˵鲿һɲǣֻҪҧһ仰ҪԶԵ鲿˵
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ղɻ󣬡ʲô
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һ㶣װģҽüͷ˸ǶʣǲǳԱ˳ŵģ
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ԳųԵֽű粫
̧ȥע⵽רԱʲôˣ
רԱһ±ƣ˵Ҫѧúܶ࣬Ȼȥѯġ
ģԼֻǰˣǰʵ̧ˡ
һߣմѶҳã˱̧ߵղ衣ֶԷƤһĿʱĬһ£óֻ¼
ڼղôְȻһokơ
ͣƬΣѧУϴУ䡣ûɪͨѶţ㷢˼ˣתɪ
߽ȥģ̧ģ鲿
ԺһСʱղֱ˻ȥ
ҽһ仰ǣҲȥ鲿ˡ
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ĵ鲿ԱԾЩɷղģսӪеĹͣЩˡ
µ鲿ղҽ£źǸˡ
ʵղԺǰһѾû⡣ٴμʱȷʵڵ粫һϵеɸ󣬵óһĽۣľѳ̶ʽ˵һ׶Ρ
ҽֱӴ˸У˵һճԺĲôͻȻѳ̶ȼ⣬Ҫôǧ֮һĸֻΣǱܵ²Żˡ
ͨûжãУȻһҽԺ
ղһźϸеʱоԷһС
Уõ鲿ĸ֣ܲεֻ˵ղƶγɵɺϡ
ӣܿˡ
ڿǻ᲻ᱻ𴩵ղĬˡ
У˵ģѧУһΪֻع


23 
Уûãֻ˵ҽԺĲʮš
ղеİʾ죬¶ˡ
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㲻Ҫ
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ݳĬ˼ӣɪȻСȵعǣл߾ǴԼȥ׷ǵ²Щڡ
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ɪȥٴһѫ룬ǻͬġ

󣬵鲿ˡõʿѫ£ղҪϢ˵źţѡԺѫµĻǰ뿪ϵģþӨ͸õͨ飬һöѫ¿ȥޱȹ°̬ϵѩ
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ղһԻ۸գ˵һ㣬ǻᱣͳɼǰ50ѧҵֱȥһУûдﵽҪ󣬶ᱻ͡
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24 
裬ҩǿڹؼʱ򱬷͵֢ܳһʱ䣬̽ձرҩ
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25 
ϤĲϤһƬףϤˮζ
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26 
ɳĮȦսΧƯͷᵽȫֱ
ѧ½·ɴǰʿɷ̬Сԣ㲥һѣҪ˳̰ȣ¹еϲⶥֻһΣС
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27 
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28 
ҹĻĮһ˿ȷİ
һ˿ȷҪ޷۲⵽ĵصףΣյϲҹ
ſһ˵EսûͣЪ˼
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ӹɣǵĺӣ


29 
ڳʼ͵ǣÿһ̶䱦
ϵͳղǿ㣬˶ÿһӵĿУԶԶ䱦ܽ綨ķ롣
οһһ޶ѪĺӡƳ紿Ѫͳ˵г̶ȿ֪
Ԫ˧ʿѹеķŭ
ǾȻһĺӣƽٶôףȴھһΣ
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ˡ
ΪƿߣΪ˿ƹǿѪ壬˯áһѾʮǰˡ
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ָ˭Զ
ֻڹӵûУֻܴһ˲俴Ļ֡
Ԫ˧һߣΧһˣϵͷƬǵĴͳһԾǼս
Ǿȥޱ飺һҵ˺Ǻӵˡ
ݴһ˿ŤĲ̣Ŵ»Դ

ԤղӦûţΪǽһҪǿϵλԷʱŦˣζŵ˿ת
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л߾˹Ц֪㣬ɪôЩѪԣ㡭Ǿһʵ߹ˡ
л߾΢΢һЦ鲿ڱ£ҳǻ
ȮԴݵĹʱžȥ
էһ᾵ĹͬȮɢĺ͸Ÿʴԡ
˹صͫ͵طŴֻӲӲָӾ֣غϣѾɾһ˲пѪ֪ģǴѪҺ

ɳĮ˲ټԱ
ĺܿ죬˵ҲܵӰ죬һߵıԤʾ״̬̫á
ˮͿĨ˼ֹѪҩԪı̧ȥСҽƲգ΢
Ȩ𣿡ʿ˵ļȷϡ
ԪĹһ״ҡҡͷֻһ첲ʱòˣ
ղ϶˸ףͬ˰֣Ҳãһֵء
ʿɫ΢΢һ䣬֪ãʱԴƲסظֳּѻʡĹ档
϶ԣƽᣬҽҪþ塣
ǳ̾˿Ҳû˭ˡ
Ԥѡ;㱻ͬһǵɵ
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ֻҵ˹أŪôġ
ˡ˺һ䡣
̧ͷȥл߾ӻɳһͷһˣµԤʾһʬ塣
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Ƴһ˵ļл߾ÿһ֧Һ
Һ԰ٻָ쳣ˣͬŵ˲顣
ղҺһֱŷ˹صʬ壬ԤУһ˲õ뵽ղ費ֻعǣʧܣһеҪˡ
Ĳ򶨣ʱҲɫ࣬ŭա
˹صĸɹźţ֮鲿ϵҲûղڵֱ˹صʧ˵ܶ⡣
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⵽µʱԶ̲ٿ˱ըӦûʲô⡣
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㲻㣬ƻƽʱһʧץ˿϶Ҫץڣؼʱƣ׷ҲˣһĵըҲпܡ
ƫƫ׷˹صл߾Ȯ֪˷˹ǻ쳣л߾ֱͳ˷˹ص࣬ǻڲ΢ը
㡣
ٺصڣнȺס㣬ŸľԮǰµĵص㡣
洫æ߳ȥҸиʱɫѿʲôˣ
ǰߵüû˵巢ʲô
ղ˵Ѿ㹻ԣеա
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˭뵽˹ػ鲿ĶĿʮߺŻǣҲһˡ
ϧ㣬ˮһա
вԱСղ仰ݷ˹ʺϲ
ǵĲ࣬üʣҪ𣿡
˳ûϢȽҪ
Ԫģƴһƴ˵
Ǻˮŵͷ
Ŀǰ˵Ӯ档ղָԼ硭
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ղСһӣһҪġ
õԪʼľ򣬶ʲôʱˣпڳԵľУôҪ


30 
ڶһȵ̫൱硣
սһۣ󲿷ֻѧ⣬δ룬վͶСŻסĺۼƵһƬкΧǵĸǽ
ûˣɳеĶϱڲԫ޵ĳѨ
ɱ޵˲٣磬ˡСһԶ·ͳĶӭ
۲˲СƳľͷѹɳϣ֨֨춯
Ϊзʲô˲õͳͳ
ľͳΧγϣȶȡһ£ղͳ˼ҹֵСϡЩŻû£ȭͷС
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ۿ޶ԣղó˼ƹϣԱÿһȫ˾ôŻƹֱǡ
޵۾˲ˣ⻹̣
ǵģ
һ
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ȥһɴ۾ǳ˴𣿡
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ûг׾ѣղһֱҴţֲ츳ûбҪĴɱʵ¶һЩֵǱҪģø߲ÿδɱƮƮؽҹ
׾ٳ˳һ֡ҲܡĴ
٣Ҿͻеϡǵ˼ղЦ⣺ȻҲץңһ
˿ʼ˲ͬ˼
ٲѣСƳϵֻмºķǸ⡣ֹ䶯֣ԣҪ׷εģ޷ղֵء
һ룬ǸûдñҪ
ôʻɣСӵ˵ǵʳǿҵĸá
ղʵʵ˵˻մȾһ㾫ϰԣûж˴š
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ܺãû˸⾯棬֤޲Υ档
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һ纰ֹ𣬶ͻȻòǴͷޣͷҲǿԵģ
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ŲͳԽԽԶĻ棬֪˭һ䣺ͳ𣿡

ͳ̯;вÿζ˳ñڣ´ܳһֻ棬峤ٶ飬ЩƷ˲ͳ
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ۣ⵨ҲɳĮ棿
΢оʲôص״ϤϤԶʲôڸһ𶯡
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ǻµһɲǣͳһнɳĮУǳߣȫпԱľŷǰ
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տֱлͷ˵Աԭһֱ۽AսԶϣʵûסʱеղһ飬Ŵ档
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ʮұսֱӴԽһҲȶĳ涴ͨڿֲʱ۳У·Ҫһжǻҽ
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31 
ඣִԲϡ
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32 
Ϣʱ磬Ʒ˶ѵɳӣͻȻվǲôȥˡ
ղ迴һۣŶһĸϹӶһ֧飬ڿΡ
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Сèصͷ
ȷ޺ղָֻһʼķݡ
һߣɱСȥפԶλáEӿҪҵܴԽԽѣһֱ̫ƣҲֻֻޡ
򲻸ˣǰһξ룬Ϣʱ̽·СóɹĿꡣ
С·˸ոշһ£ǰȳֵĲޣһ֧Сӡ
·ԩ·խĿǰһĶ飬һǽѧԱƫԶھš
ųľͿԸ֪֧ΪѹڶݶСӡ
㣡Ԥѡ˵Աۻǵ֡
ȴżԷһֱߵ촽͸¶Ų԰ףʾǻᣬֺһ¼ľˡСӾͲ˳ˢ֣ԽһǱھ顣
ԺϸļƻҪжۿڵСӪҺ˱
㣲ΪȻɳĮ˭˷ʱѰ
ʱƮƮ˵ھҡˡ
۱Ϸһȡһȣĸ죬Чá
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ӳˡ
һԱҡҡͷܾ˵ĻҲֲ˺á
Ż˳ǰȥĿꡣ
ûг˵˼ûиһɱޣվڲԶֹͷ
ģûôֻ뿴һս
ĸ񶷼൱Ưûһˮ֧ۼڹؽڴӦ䡣
׿ϵ㣳˺ȵޣµоϣܸ
δӦԻ֣˵׷ϵһĿǰҧúܽвܱ
紵һֵĺƺĳĴ
óǿԶȥɳϹƬ̺˵ܳǨ㡣
֪EܣҲ֪Ǩ㡣ǻԾǰޣǿĶˡ
ʲô򣿡
Ϸߡ
ղҲڶϱߡ
ԿԽжѼƵͨղ衣
ûźŸţǱߺܿͨǼʱͨ侳Ч
ղ軹ǵһ Ӵͨоͦʣʲô£
ڳǸǨ㡣
һ˵꣬ղСƳˮͬһʱų񱼡һЩеĲˮܿפʧɳĮС
ͨҴҵعҶϣԼ񿴵˸ղĳһİɫ塭ֺġ
֣ôе죿


33 
̫ܵԶǲ׼ֱӹȥ۵ͼĿĵطڵһȥķ洦
ޱɱɾˣҲȽʺӪ
ɳû֮ǰɳѪƵǽڵЧϵĺá
ղߴ߷еӱ˵ǽ
ˮźˡ
ٻȥǾͳھԵˡ
ʾĿǰ
Сӣ980
ݶСӣ920
տͽСӣ835
֮ӣ805
Сӣ660

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ˢ̫ղ迪ڣ׳ַ硣
뷨࣬ʱôգҪ˷һ
̫ɽ󣬰ǨEȻࡣ
Ƿųľ֪һ¾忴磬ü̫Ծ
ǨȫһֱѰҵµϢأӿȴɢ˺üεE
ʱһһȥںֲмӾ硣ﵽڣɳĮйԵĺ߾Ȼûһ͵Ϯĸ֪ǲ֪Ϊݷ
ǣУҪȥԱϡ
ղûҲЩԾ̫˲һ¡
ͨѶϵˣղİ׻Ҽģ𣿡
Դһ¡
嵱Ȼҵˡ
߹ҡ
һ״ٹ¹·Ĺâ졣˳šһ·ƣԿӴ
ʮֻ޾һΧܲ͸ǽ
˴ڰΧȦУһͬĻ㣴ĿСӡǰâ֧鲻òɱΧȦ
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޽ƻڵȣȵ֣ͬͿԷӵϽһ˷ʳ
ͬڵȣ·Сӣ֮ɱΧ⣬ھͿ˭á
һվߣһֻͻȻӷͺ𣬺ںʲô
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սҶϲذף㣺ͼ֣һ˳޵۾ȥһ˳͹λõһĨסΧޡ
һֻ޵ĵ£ԽԽ޿ʼôҲзգζλй¶˵ĸʺܴ
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ӲĲӭϣĻе׳Щϣȫһȭͷϣ跨ӽ޵۾

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һԲֱӳײԳܶ֫ſצȴȻ
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ʲôԪ˧˽䱳ϱԼǳ˱Сϱ
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е˻ͷԽԽ࣬鲼E
սҲڲϴݽлͳƣ֤Eطڱս
Աɹϣһֵø˵顣ӵϲ֮ǰĬ˼룺ղ衣
š



ʲô
֪ʶʲôղ豧Сè˵𣿡
׻βͻûĺͰûзֱˡ
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׻˼ƽղԱߣ
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׻˵ûϸһ˿ҧгݵζ
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߶ԱȣԵìйŹ֡
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ûڶֻսġԪӲ¡֣ɲֹۡ
һˣһʲôãղһҪŽ
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ˡСӳԱھѵѡ񣬲壬ζھԽԽԶEˣ˵Ҫƣڱ̸̷֣
ȥǵĿͻȻ主İ׻ϣǺεȵĲĿ 
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ͶιľҪͶι׻ɺܶ࣬ղι׻һһƵľм仹һЩ𣬵̷ǳ˳ٷְͶŵλ
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ûʲôΪڣԸΪϡ
и֮ǰȥҲóһжϣɳĮԵصʵ˿죬ֳ˼ΣһĿȷӿEѪϴǿĶǴAEɨ
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޸Ҫץһˣӭذ赲һ롣ֵղCһ֧С飬Ӻȵܡ
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ǿߣԱǰСС֣Ǻ޵Ĳпʽʼ
ʮУʾӸ߲£ܼľͷڸ鲻ƶ
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׷޳ķߡ
ŶܽSСӺͳ˻СҲϣB޳˵ԱˣҪѻ޳
Ŀ϶ǴѡսˮƽѵҲŷˣ
ԳСͬڷ޳
岻аһǰЩѻɹ֮ôҲϲϡ
죡ƱСͻΧʧܣѧУѧ
ǧСҲΧˡ

ҲпսУʵõҪһܣ޿ʱŸĶ鷢
ǰ˰Ȼ׶ΣһҪ㣬˭޳ӱ˹ھ
˵ܲпᣬһ¡
ѱ˭ȥ̷֣СӺݶСΪ΢ĲսԣҪڶһɱðճȥתһȦ
˵ԱڿܽԶɱˣʮӵʱ䣬õһٷ֡
ò˵С޳һ鵰⣬˭Ϳһ顣
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ڳĶǳ̵ĹУɳ˼ɸߡ
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ͶιԲҹݺͰ׸뱾ǷݣӲιߵһȣ󣬾Ȼܴޣ
ӿٶȡ
Ͷιľкʱ򣬵ø֮ǰٶɱһ
Ӽ˻ҧˣЩǶ˼շųɱۡ
ڣ˵ԱһԼǡˡСӡ
ղͶιʱֵСӾѻ޳ҵ߲ڽս򡣽˵Աò֮ǰ¼ȫŹ֡
ƶϣսķԱ͸ʾһĻ̾ɪҪ鱣ղ裬ǾУУڿǲ
ֽ츳ʵˣսϴѡʶѡ
һԱͷܽĳ̶ޣ⺢ܳɹѣǰ;
ռıղľһǧëеһ
˿ëٴɸ߿׹£ڱӦе
ղЩˣ
Ŀ£ˣҲǷٳ롣Ϊ֮ǰǵս൱⺷һʱҲû̫׷׷¡
ҲҴȥҲҴңһΡ
޻ˣ±һºɱɱ
Сʱ賿㡣
ɳٶȹղˣսȦʮӣˡ
һĵ㡣
áղһ·鷳ǽȥ

֪˭ıһ䣺ΪʲôҪСˡСӡ
ǲϵϵߡ
һٶ˵ĴΣź޳޳ˡܲһ㣬һȺ˵˵߾ߣ𣿣

õʽ˼롣
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¹£ͬĿеԹֻԲ滭ĻԲĻ侲ݲȵղԾ޵Ϸצ޵ͷ­
ĺУղԴܿɽѪҺǻմȾһΡ
ϸ۵ָĨȥѪҺղЦݴ棺ࡣ
óжζȫ޵˿бȥһˮ¹⡣


34 
ؼ޵жɱ޼ҪͻΧɱղ裬ȴ£ɱһֻ޻ԶͨޣһУ͵ڶУ˶Ź
Ȼɱң
ղһЦɱ֣֣
Ϊȫˣȫֻ͡һ룬彥ָԭæˡ
ҽУս
һҹڡˡСӵȥ֮
ˡ
ҹѪս̫˲еɫ
ˡСʱѾص档ղ迿ڶǽϣ˼ƣֵ̧ûС
ǣٷˡ
ǿ۾һ죺֪ܶܶࡣ
ǵƣͬΧֹϮ
ղ跴Ӧһ£һǿӣʮǧôλ
ɱ˶ٶֻޣ㻹
ĿнвжǺͱ˺ɱҲѾǧ֣ңңȣڶݶСӻһǧͷš
Ҳǡ֧ӪҺղпѧѧǡ
ƾǣ϶ҵɱ޳һ࣬ڵĻҵͻƿڡ
ֻʣ죬Ϣһ󣬡ˡСվ׼ȥҰޱɢˢֵĺʱ
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ѾûʲôȷĻ룬ﶼȫڿղ裬ðôһĲ
ֳ󻧣ղһ£˵˭
ʶһۣȻ½֪
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һòٻڵص׵ðͷ޴֪ˣЩ׶Ķһ𣬸ʱֻ֪ؽ
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񽱸ԡ

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Ϊ˸ղһ飺εĳɹǰٷ֮ʮŵĺˮͰٷ֮һ츳͡
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գѯʣҲ׼˵£ſղߵİ׻ϡ
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һֱƶЧ̫Ԯӽһʱ֪ͨԮߣо
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һһˮһһֻֻ׳ľ壬һղ֧ѡʱ֣ԮԱлĸһ죬ȥ⡣
ɳĮΧսͷɴΧһȦвٻ׼ļߣ˿̾ڱԵشһֱ
ΪŶղһݡ
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ϰ԰еĻͲݹȥźܹٷ⣺ͬѧΪǻʤľʲô
ԱɷõһУԶӵĹھӣǡҲͬһ⡣
ԶǿսԼľġ
ղѿڶϣֳ
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ϷɴʱİҪʱϸ
ղɻ󣬰ԱͣǷֹ͵͵Я޵
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һû˵꣬ԷٶȻظͬѧ㲵ģۣǧҪΪǿ
һǰΪΣպоԮɥʧʸһͿֱĿղð׻СĹ̡
̫ˣ̫ˡ


35 
ɴԽ˵۶оߣͬʱ˸߶ȡղѾܿ׳۶һͶӰ
ûͣڸУſǰɴһڲѡֱǰ׼а佱ʽ
ղѾǵһϴβμԤѡʱ鲻ͬҪɺܶࡣſ˺̫㣬һۿȫ˵ףʮУԲĻ
ڣ컨Ͷ»õĹâյġ䳲̨˿̾һֵĹ㳡½󣬰佱ڼеǳ
ӳղ裬
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λʦλͬѧ
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ղһơ
ȻйԱ׼Ժ̨콱ڼ乤ԱϵĸУ˵Ҳ׼
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ÿΰ佱һμ߹ʱ̵VCR̨콱Ҫһֱšղ֧սȥûþΪ˹ˣһû¼֮ڼ㣬ò֮ʼɱʱֱ̣ӡ
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ǵһУУԱŸУ˿ƤղǲǻһУ
Уͷ˵һԷÿһ·ͨ˵һУ
ˡСӻ񽱸ԲĄ̊́ܳϻ̨¶˿رͬУѧĺٲVCRЦ
һ֧ھ̨ܿ
ͻȻһ䣬ȫǴ򶷳棬һδΣһδӭѶϣ˲Ѫڡ
ûϯͷʮУȷ򿪷ʽ
ʲô򿪷ʽղѹ⣬ŽԽԽ⣬ִһλ͡
佱һʱˣǧƪһɵĻ񽱸ԣղ迪ʼɭϢ
һʱĻ壬ʱѾٸоͷۣйɭϢҲֻѵԷڴѧʱڷļƪġղרŵȥĶһ£δʲôۡ
һ£ղϻȦѰ˼ҪҪ׻

佱һƽ۹עֻб
ĵİ佱۽ǵȴڱץϣڶԷܵĿУڣɭһȤϢ
ɭ˹û˵
͵۹ûаѻ˵꣬Ż˵ڴģǵ֣˵ҪҵһڶԺֵǵ
ǵûԵģɱȫңʱû˰ºͷ˹ϵһ
õܱĿǰδй¶ϢĸоһǵУҪչ󲿷²ӳǷ˴ġ
شᵽһЩ
ʮǰ޴ͼǣ¶һ֪˲࣬ûǴʱһξۻϣҺͽʿһ졣
ɭ亹ֱð
֮󲻾ã˵ʿһǮԼ飬˵
ɭͽʿǰǽʵרԱʿˣΪΨһ֪˵ԷʹʲôֶΡ
ʿ˳ǱǵĻ⡣ɭһ򣬳ɹһ塣
˵вȫǲ˼飺̫ˣ˵Ļ֣ǸϣȻɹˡ
Ʒʿһֱûи֪ţø˴Լоɹ
ǸǳûʲôʱѵģֻܿӪմ
ǿҵɱɭӻѹ
Ŀ˸ԭˡ
ѹƾðһ֪ʵ塣
أΪʲôڷ棿
֪
ԳѹȸеߣɭЦĲ֪ʵ̫ˣҵĽľֻнʿڼ֣Ҷ֪ʵתȥ
Դ˵ĿǰϿռ۵ֲֻ֧С󣬶Ҵʱޣʵû۵ļҲУֻȶ۹Ҳơ
֮⣬ǲ²ղ֮ǰܾͲƬ򣬲һƬռ䣬ռ˷Ӫȡ
Ϊ˻ɭͼȣôԵɺϣԲ˵ĲƵࡣ
ȴǰ֣̫Сλˡ
ԤУ˶á
ĬԼʮӣٶȿʱЦɭ͵ǵĻӦòֹоʵ塣
ɭû˵ľǲͬӾϸʿ֮ΪԲٿŤռ䡣ϧоĶһǧ֮һӲ
˭֪ûгǵЦ
һ̴һ࣬ʵɲֹղһ
ɭһϰòҪȥð䣬ȷʵࡣ
֤ʵ룺ֻҪӦУǿνʣµš
֮ӦоԵİһиɻðƻ

Ҿվǰ㿴Ҽǰ
佱ղŽ;ݺӰ߶żǧǰϹ
ѧУ½ɷˣеĻûÿաмȫǱӪҵΪƬȥҪչʾòġ
յļ϶ղߵˮߣӦôһ£
ѡƬˮ̧ͷ
ղ裺Щ档
ӦԾһʱս
ղڷ˹ϵǸҹ˶ٵķŭһɲڱӡ
ƣȵɱ⣬Ϊֻж̶һ˲䣬˵ҲǾǸ֮ղֲʱ࣬һͶι塣
ˮݣһ˲ҵвʱһҲᵽ
ղ˼ܵİ
ԼˣܲӦ


36 
ˮôͻȻ¸Ȥ
ղ軹Ҫʼʱ򣬷ˣ֪ͨŶӡ
ӵ꼶ʼ롣
У죬¿ʯ͵ӥʱ˽һֻ֮С
ǽŽһôᣬڣȷԵУ϶ѧʮУеķӣ̵̨ǿôҵ״̬Ͷѧϰ״̬
Ͼпѧ֮зְʽӭᡣ
еȫԱٴֳҪԲμԤѡʱĶΪ壬ÿӶҪһĿ
ղ裺̫ˣһЩѧ
ÿһͷ˿͸¶ŶԿѧĿܡ
ӳټ쿪ѧĿѹûϵʮУмѧԱҪһָڡ
ʼ磺鷳Щˣ̨Ǳݡ
ղ֣֧֡
Ҳ֧֣ѧУ
ȫԱɲ˵˵ѡ
ֻҪѧղʲôоԾĿӦֺ濼ʳƷ⡣ɳĮиõʳΪжʱֹڽ٣ڻص۶ܰ꾫ʳ
ҪԶ󣬽̵ɫӼģսʽţδǺܿ콫ӭѵĽ׶Σϣλѵ
ղСʣѺʲôϵ
˵ѹ̾ʹ쳣
ղһ£
Ϊʲôʹѣ
ôһˡСȫԱȥʳóԷС;۲ͣڼղȲҾӪʳƷҪ
˻ΪʲôĿһҪǿ٤˲ʲôҪһͷ
ݸĻ̫ˣˮȻȤֲֳܲ
ղ̧ͷͦõģȻίһ˷һɫشɻ¸ֶ̣һΪǵ޵ġ
£û˽ӻ
ˮ΢΢ͷ
ղµʲô촽˶ɡ
ôɣÿζ˵ܲپͲܲٵ
û˵һ̾ת
ղ轩ӲתӣڿŵķһͷͿУѧУļλ߲㡣
˿϶Ҫòʺãղһ𿪿ڡ
Уãλʦá
ղĬĬûԼո˵û
ķǮ㵽ͷϣһλ߲ЦЦ˵ͬѧǵΪҵޡ
Ưʧܡ
Զˣˮοô룬ʡһٷǮ
ղĵջһޡ

һٷΨһܳζղҲȻζ˭Ҳû뵽ʲôõӣȥⶨһ⣬ȻͶƱ˭Ʊ˭뷨
ʳóҸ߸·ˮٻŮᣬȥԪĵսܡֵǼûȥѡղһᣬ·Ȼʵ£
ղһͷ˵㶫˵Ҫм໤ˡ
ǴԷô򵥣漰ӪĿİǼ໤˳棬δʲô⣬໤ҲҪˡ
ѡ˵һ齻ԱѧУ׼ϱϵ˿˻ϵ
ղ裺ҪѧУ׼
Ƚ⣬һ¶ǹ¶Ժߵػ׼
ϾͿأղȥӡһݣ涼ЩϢ
ҡͷϰ߶һİļˣ껹кþãںΥ混벻һ໤ˡ
ղȥ
ǰһ̧üǰȥУҡ
ղ貢δ뿪óһ軨֮ǰӦġĩС̽ôŶյĺӣڲˣ˵𣿡
ɰͰЦţںСĵشǣż춼˳ϡ
ϵİǺղһģӻζһ£·˵ĺܲ
׶Էİʾδȷ𸴣ֻȻȥ
ղ裺Ҿˡ
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ɪǽղֱϸҪӶʸ֦ɣľֻʣ
£ʣµĿ
ղصᣬȥ໤˵飬߶ͨѶ֣ǰǹϢһЦҲ
˼Ƭ̣ȥһϢڽˣۡ
ϢٶȺһֱŻظֱҿˣ
˵Լðˣ֮ǰûϢ
ղ裺ȸð
󣺡ɣ岻ãҲʲô֢
ͬǰȾɫƲڿȼţһгճʱ̡
ղż̧ͷһ۴ķ羰ȴһķڣûдĸ첲һףڽ磬עɭҩ
ʱɭ˺ܶ࣬ΪҪѸ߰ϡϾעҩпͦ
ȻӦúˬ죬ӣЦеҿ˵еĳɹߣҪһ
ɭһ٣̧ͷϵһ˫׵ӡ
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עҩȥһʱ䣬̼ξΣֻˡ
ʹеìܣΪԼҩУһֿҩԣɭΪ˼Ӵɹʣϡҩ
ɭһֱ㣬ڴ״̬룬ǿ
Կ
ڶһСָӶ£ΧĿռ΢Ťһ˲ı֮СȵرΡ
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ղǰʱɭӹġ
Բĳֱ죬ھ֮״̬ɭ΢ЦοղھУȲ֪ԼҲӴˡ
͵Ϳһ󣺡ǵѸףҪ̫ԡ
αװҲһ
ɭ뿪εһֱղ跢Ϣ
ҪһԸ𣿡
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ð
ղ辯ûص㡣
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εĻ˫෢һɰıΪսᡣ

Ҫ׼Ķܶ࣬ѧỹҪȥѵ׼ѧÿγǰҪ򱨸棬ⲻܳСʱ
۶ǽ䱸ɭϵ״̬ղҿȹλĵشΧֹһѲ߳
ʮ㣬ۿҪһ£Χˮһ֡
ղ裺ˡ
󣺡Ҳˡ
һĿȫǵǣһȫǹġ
ܰһĻֱϿʱűơ
ղŴſֺѼñʮУھСҲЩȶȡ
ժ¿͸ʱ˴ۡ
һʱҪɡǷĵزϲղ裬ǿĳֶ棬Ҫȥ顣
պĩزһԸ·ڱ̸߱βж
һĻ󲻶ɫм˿ǣȻʣ𣿡
ĸڵ֪һȱݵĺӺ󣬾ջ˶еĹذʱܿõԸ׵İԼˡ
õĲǸλӵеȨ͵λ
ڡ
ǴѰҵĺӣ϶Ҫһղ˵ߣܵõǿĿɽǣЩôĿЩԭղܵĹذδԼ
ʱ򣬳ĺҪһ󣬷ղüû˵ʲô
ӽǿײڱϣղع
ֹͣ裬΢Цüչģʲô𣿡
ղͨѶ˵콻˷Ҹ໤ˡû뵽ôϢ
˵üͷøˣǹԱɪУԸҵ໤ˣҲͰˣôﻹе鲿
л߾ܹҲû档
Щжϲ˵ְ
̾˿ղ̧󣺡ˣո˵ʲôš
ǲԼʲô


37 
ЩƲסԼ΢飬ղ޹Ĵ۾ɻ
һ󶼲жϣԷûǼٵû
ûȵػղҪȿڿ뿴ôյһϢ
ͳ硭˭
Цݳױסˡ
ͳ磬۹ҵҽƾͷؼϯִй٣ͬʱҲǼĸס
ĸףղ죺ΪʲôҪҵӣ
ƤЦⲻЦң
ô֪Ϲ˰ɡ
ղһڿȣкͷһƮƮ˵죬ȵġ
Цֻûѡ˲Żᵣġ
̬·Ϊգʵ룺ѡ˭׵ˡ
ղϵͷ̫ܻӭˡ
ű齥ڣղ˼Ѿػǧٱ飬δɱ˹غͻʵһġΨһЩֲ׵ģǷ˹ѾһЩԼӵл鱨ȥ϶֪ͨĻˣΪʲôԷȲ֣
м䲻һ̽Ĺ̶ûС
ղſ޺ľҲѱע⵽
ʵɳĮͼɱҡ
䲻Ļת΢Щɬ£ʱ¶ػɱû°ɡ
ղҡͷһ٣ˣһݻ鱨
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ûи֪쳣еǡôղݳĬһ£ȻһЩǵļйأǵˡ
׼һ֡עŶ˵˫һһ˵ɭ
迧ȵĶһ٣ʶʧ̬װóӣƽſȡʵѾɡĪǶԷû˵ѣһ鱨
٣һͻ֪Լƭ顣
ղ迴ʱ䣬ǸһЦԺԼˣⱭ롣
ű΢΢ʱղѾߵſڣʱһˡ촩һǳɫϵװüԵҪƽһЩ
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պü˵вղأԹȥ
ү·棬ܼ͵ڷԣż΢΢Ϲ
ղ裺á
ܼ۽Цƣýүү
ʵѾܴˡ
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仰Ͳûϡ
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ղȷûǿǿɿزǿɿ
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·е㳤ղķ羰ΪǿһƬķ羰ֱŻٶȣڲƺ˹޼ĹľʶƬֻǺլǰԺ
ܼҵĻ֤ʵһ㡣
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ӽ߳ͼмƣͬǿӲ룬ִ˺ܺýӽͼòϵĵ츳ƽһ൱ÿݡ
áղʺá
ͳóһöң˵Ǹļ
ղ谴°ťռͷųһֲ䶯ţЩǰԵֲ
ղľڲٿֲһ°빦ȷʵĶǹڹˡ
ǰͳȰ˰֣ʵԽǿҶҲкô
ܼʱҲڵδһսҡ

໤˵鿼ǵáͳ绰û˵꣬ϵһֻѻͻȻɤӽ
ͳı΢΢һ䣬ûм˵ȥùܼȥ鷿
·ϼ˵ֻѻҸ׵ľ壬żԤԵãԤеᷢѡ
ղ뵽ոѻͻȻеȫһĪdissԼǸ֮ˣ
÷ϡ
ѻղ裬ٵʱ͸ýˡ
ǰĹܼҲƣΪʲôѻΪղͼΪϵֵǼ֮£εյĺֵѵ
ſڣղʶͳе鷿Ƕôǫ˵ⶼҪ۶ͼݡ
һ˸ճͼάѯҪʲô͵ġ
ղ裺ȿɡ
һʱҲûʲôرõ뷨
Ķղעȫ鼮ϣųͳ͵þһָĴġ
ıǳ󣬸۵ĿռУסһͣڼıǼ⴦ŵҶƬһ£ŵʿھϹ
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ղٿסԷһӾҪ𿪡
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ԶҪӾһֻ첲Ѿղ֮ľӵѾ壬֪ôģ˳ĳѪָԵضָ
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˵£ᵽ鲿顣
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ͳ׼ţҪȥһҪĻ顣ҪϷһֻ׻˳һȦİ׻ͳü׻͵תкϡ
ܺã׼Ͷڱӵļϣղ͵£Դͷ
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ƽͣǰѵ
ͳһղ״̬ĩƤѣ
ͥҽղע˻ҩͳʣҪ
ҽСͼǣ˵ǰࡣ
Ȼڣ׼ʱޣҪѧУ򱨸档
㲻˵ͳҲ֪
ʡȥƣֱӴ˸Уʾٻȥ
УҲֱӣ޹ʲΥУ档
ͳƵ绰Ѿͷתһˡ
ļ΢΢ʾ⡣
УĬĹԲͳʵϣֱӸ̧ȥҲС
ջɹˣղ豻ᵽ˿ͷ
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ڼլӦòй¶ȥ
ѾУˡ
һ˿ңղ̽ǣ
ƵͨҪɡ


38 
һѼͣͳֱʣղ˿̵ľҹĻһڰ
ѵϢ󣬹ܼҹ
ͬһŲ˫سŶһͣ¿˵ľ⡣
ղָоʵʵ˵һεĻδܳɹ
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δʱɹʻ
ղűӣΪ̲סЦһ¡
ЦҲǹ˵չҪٰһᣬкòƷĻƷͷҸ״ȥڡ
һ֪ȵĺûᡣ
ղǰһдԸһ£Ϊպ̵档
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뵽һμʱϸоϢһ˵ˮ
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ˮҪһʱ䣬ǿþгЧֻ࣬ɫϻѷɫ
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ͳĬ˼룬ӣмһ¡
еæ໤֮ǰѾˣ
Ƕѧѧ𣿡
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һڴɰ֡

ͳʱ򣬺Ѿղ谲ȫУ
صУ԰ãǱԱԼһͤ۵һڣȥ
۱Ҫȥͼе׵飬˲ڣʹȥղ裬Ҳڡ绰û˽ӣѯʹԱ֪»زˡ
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չĵĽϣͳ͸¶ˮǶͬѧ͵ʾղԵƣ϶ƿˮ档֮ǰʮУղйϵͬѧҲʾ߷˸֪΢Ϣ
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39 
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40 
ӭĵڶ죬ʽѧ
ܹʮ࣬A٣ֻʮѧʣ°༶ٵҲаʮˣһٶࡣ
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41 
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ֹһѹʧܻܿ⵽ɣԼڼֲͶι壬պȾʧܣдڵļֵ
ζһͬʣͬݸøƽˡ
ʱߵѧԺʦķ˵λѧûˡ
߰ɡڼ߾ͷģղһ͹ˣػȥһ顣
ҽԱʱѾƵߣðοҪȥҽԺ
ͼʹࡣ
ղĻƮ˹ҽͬʱЦ񾲡ҽܵӰȽСһҪ˲ȥ
ߣҪչʾԼĿռ츳
ܡ
Ŭ˷ղӰ죬沿Ϊֱӳˣ˵Ļ塣
ҽĽͣľòȶȥҽԺ⡣
ǰƻʯѾļޣʱû취ʵ޿κΣֻػʣԵһ𣿡
һղ裬¶ʵĵǡ
ҽԶһЩͬʱ˵ǹϵá
£˭ղΪȵµʧء
ǿЦһ¡
վӰڹӰºɻղֵ̫ɺϡɡաԼѡģԷҳӣҲʱؾѡ
ɢĻƽٽһȽͨղָһɻֽС˷ɢȥ
ķ˾޴ľȴ̹Ȼ
˵ֶ̣ǵöһ㡣
ģºʹľԱգˬ̱ʺɳĮͶιֻ࣬ǻҪúܶࡣɫҵͷղ΢Цţϣð绨˼䡣
Ч£仰ûκαǻС㣬Ҫҡѡ
Ҫµļ߶̲ס˵˲ûеߵ
ղƽЦţԲ߽ࡣ
һСģ㣬ѧУ𣬳Զ׻ڸɥӡ
һߣ鲿ְԱعҵ֤һƵϴš
󣬵һأ˴ֿڣȥڵģ
һ˲ûƺõľٻһƬ칫ĵԡ
ûãͱȥ칫ҡ
л߾µ˽˽УǺЦȴ
ʲôֵ⣿
¶꣬ΪпɽĶ֣л߾Щ侲˵ղ˾塣
ΪС֣л߾ѾڿöԷ鲿
һһ仨
л߾ޱ飬۹˵ľձǶżҲ
̫ޣղѵƵ侳Чӳ£һŵĴ׻л߾
ϣð绨˼䡣ղһϵ˵

л߾ĬƬʣ仨Ч𣿡
Ǿ塣
һһ۵ĺӣ۳˴ľ壬
ʱƵҲ˸У
иҪҪɨһֱۣӻл߾һ䣺Ĺ治Υ
ϸ
Уüֿһۣס
ó̵Žû˵걻ִϡ
ʱУȴаشͷβһ飬ȷƵǺϳɵġ
ղΣʡ
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أ
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Уڣ磬档
էһ仰̵ζǶһ顣
ƷԺùƷԺãλѧ¼޴飬д½ſӵ鲿εɣɳĮϣһܺʹ泶Ϲϵ


42 
ζƮɢ·ҵһƬ½ع񣬲˿ʼոһĻϴϡ
ʱϣղܺԼ˵仰ܴһЩȶȡϧԼߵĻͲղֲֻ󣺡껰磬ҿϵۣ֪ôҲ졣ұǷ˸񡭡
˵ǿЦһ£Ҳûй
󣺡
ƽñˣç򣬿ֻһԾ԰ڵһơ
ղ¶̵ı飺ĲǴ˵Ľʻ
ЩӲͷƤ⣺ǵ鲿Ը⵱ļ໤ˣ´ˡ
У˿ɴûбҵȥ鲿˵̳ˡ
ղصͷʾлԸ⵱ҵļ໤ˣΪ˽ҵԸ񡣡
ÿһֶʵģл߾ȷʵһۡ
ǰ߷˺ü⣬Ҫҡ
ΧȺˣ鲿ҲҪػ
ȺУɫƳĳղյʾ鲿ְԱ
ԣæ˼ţл߾ղ֤
ְԱʵ̲סˣûôʹϵģǰ˵֪Ͳࡣ
ղ費ƽʱǵ绰ϵ
ְԱʣ𣿡
ҩζЩ㣬ԣĪղ赥ʸ
Թһеǣ鲿ĴôóģͿղô
ղһ̾ԾٸͨѶĿ£ͨһͨѶ¼绰עǡػʹ
鲿պ͸Уͨ绰л߾磬ʶˡ
ι
ղû侳ƵЧǰ᣺Ҿѳɹˡ
л߾дԵ߱ʶȣ֪
ղ裺һŬġ
˵꣬Ҷ˵绰
ֳȸ
һԼءػʹ
ղ󷽵ͷš
ҪԱ˵۶Ҫˡ
һ߱˵绰л߾ֱﲻԾʵʱϴƵ
ղԼıעʱ۾ָ͵һ١
鲿ְԱʱѣղ֮ǰҲûͨѶ˵ԼڶԷֻıעȷһֱǡػʹ
𣿡
л߾𺳡
˶ڹעղ裬Ľ䣬󼴽ϾȻðһǼƻйؼһԲܳɭֱ¶ǺøѾɣٸ£һŬ׷ѡ
İŦۣһСҩ軬ģҪ֮ǰעҩáڵѾɣһģȥҩ裬ҩڻںͷȫļⶼڲ
ҽע⵽ķ˵ǰס
ͷۿɼٶεɫɣΧĿռ֮΢ŤţҽʵųֹŤĿռ˵ۣһĻߡ
ģ׼ԼͷĲ޶ϲãǺ⡣ҩľѳ̶ȼͬʱһЩ˵ɭṩϢ˵ͷձƫεɫ
Ϊǰע䣬˿ѪҺѪзڣƤѾѪԸоԼҲڱġ
ղ衣
Ϊ⣬ҧݡ
һ𣬾ͷͷεķ˿ഹ£˷ͺǷ𣿡
رľһߵٻʯǰȫǷĩǱ飬⵽˼ѹ
ĪҲϵܾߣ
ŻǺ˲õܣ
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֪ʱߵߣͬһԶѵı㻹ͻأ
зղѾģû뵽
Ȼȥɡջߡ
ҪﵽʲôĿģһķͷѾԼȥ
ô
þɢɸСΧȺǺ׳ۣͨԾ屻ɢҪܳһʱĻָ
ղЦ£׵ٴٻɻǰ̫ྫûάֶáڱջȥʱ¼ģڴк
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׼뿪ͻȻ˳ߣҪٴǻ㣬ղͼ֣ѧԺʦݺݸһˤ
ʦųղ跽һӣֱӽ̬Ѻߡ
Ӻͷһڲĵسղ迿
һֵ۹˶ζźǿִҲּŵ֧ߡ
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Χûɢȥһʮʮ٣רŹֵģܻ鷳
뿪ѧԺſڵľȫȥӮĪڼߣеز㹻췢ƪ
ڷϣʵΪʲôл߾ıעػʹ
ղ裺ʹҡ
л߾ύ˼໤룬໤˷ӵľػãԸעػʹ
ͣĬһ£أ
ղ裺̹һػʹɪǶţԴơ
˳ȿǵļ໤ѡл߾ûϺš

Уղ輫ֿĵطֻܷ
̫ΣգҲ֪Щʲôɾ
¥ʱÿһ·˻ͶȥʮָӵĿ⡣Ϣʱκһ紵ݶܴ÷ɿ죬йղ۾ϢͲֶߡΪ𾪵ĻǺղһѧĿ⼸ҪƳһ
ѹղһ䡮˾Ц˾͸̰
˼䣬ӻҡ
ʵǿȥˣȻһƣϽ¥ȥ
ղǰԺͬѧǿһҪŰ塣
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V40
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εԻһأûһõʽ̻ͣӦҡ
ѧУи֪ңʲô
ղĽһѯ£Ϊܣѵ԰ʡҵתҪȼɳ۹Ŀǰҡ
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ҪȥңҪʲô
ұѡУȴظ
ղһ£֪ʲôʱ顣ȥҹԱһ£ʵ̫ˣһվǿϴ㵹ڴ²֪
ʵʵ˯һڶѡղûǰ˼ӳţҵѯ
ѧУϱѧԱҵ󣬽ʱᾭɸѡȷԱ
ϣܴ󡣡
ͬĶڽеһ׶ξѡ
ʻζų˱ʣղ̽˾䣺ǣ
˵仯ְѽıֽıܿţȻдšȽȽĵ۹˫ǡ
ղϸһݣʵΪ㣬ͬһϵܡ
˵ѵܺͿռйء˿ڲ裬˵ѪҲзļ󣬷ͫɫڽת䡣
ζĳµĻ򱻼òб仯лʷ٤Ѿǵһγ֡
ΪδǱᳬ㡣
ղüⲻ۾˵Ϲ

һۣ֮ڼƷƼ󡣡
ϾһղҲɹ߷ֲǻȡĿǰгϵҩǱҪֲһƺԷˡ
ղԡŶһ
ģ
ղҡͷҲпɽ
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ղĵҲ˼
Ԫ治ɫͷ
ղ̾˿Ƕҵһ֪
һƤ񣬼ӿŲͼ˦档
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ղÿˣĿʼӲƴճһĲ񡣼ϸʾ飬ղѧ˸Ρ
ĬˣרļԼƷ
ղ裺ҡ
ž
ûպãģͱ̡
ղиʱȫ԰˵ڻˣԱߵһλͬѧЦеٽ磬㡣
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׶ķɣά˹ȿ޷ġɣ˹٤۹Ŀʵۣ׶ķɣά˹˿ѷɫ棬ľͳ˴ͳĵȼ֣ȺĴʾӳʮŸ߼۹ͳηΧ
۹˷ԷθسλΪɣά˹ۡ
۹ȨƵļλ඼ڡ
߾ŵĸ˵˵˵ȥһܣǵϷ˵ƣҪɨҪ
۹ʮţ߾ŵսֻһ㡣ǰǵĽɣά˹ֻɱԮûиȷĻظ
ĿɪϣڣǧǰǼս
½һɳһŵʿԮ˵ѾҪ
ҵѡûУ
վظǱߵѾˡ
Ƭ̼ûпھ֪Ūȥ˵ѧ顣׼ӱӪȳʵ֮ѡһ
ҲǲֳܺߵĹգϡ٣ֻܳһϡ
صȴУλٴοڣѯ˵Ŀ
ͽȱ̬
ŵĴһóϡ࣬ǺͲƷϵһЩֻһҵ˴š˵ҲûжԴŷѣҲҪΪ
鲿վ֧
Ҫô̬Ҫôװ˼ȷվղߵֻɪ
Ϊղʺϡ
ûһԤףл߾ͻȻվ׽ֵһ鲿͸Ȼ
ɣά˹ҲȤ˵˵
л߾ӹֿղҪͻܶࡣ
˵Ӷ͵鲿ͬʱ뽩֡
ˣ˽ٳʱɣά˹һࣺպǻĻ찲źøˡ

ɪл߾һǰһ߳½ݣɪյһղ跢Ϣѯ顣
ղ鷳ˣȡȨ׷Ѿ׼ѡɪ໤ˣʵһ䲻ʧ
տᣬͳһ
һ룬ղֱӴ绰ѯʣǲֻһѡңɹʴ𣿡
ֳƵɪƳһԵл߾󣬻ʹҰ㡣
л߾


43 
ɪνһְ³ȣл߾ǶԷջһЩƦӵ磬ƽʱãżôһ䣬ˡ
л߾Цһһ뿪
󷽣߾Ÿ׷ɪĲΪ⣺лڷ𣿡
Ȼվһߡ
ɪƺ棬ƽл߾ᵱϵ鲿һ֣Ϊѭһԭ򡣡
ʲôԭ򣿡
鲿ֻڱ¡
߾Ÿһ⻰·ڰʾ¼׺ͲƷ˺

УС
Ⲩ¿϶վҡ
μϢȻոմ绰ʱĽţղͼģ飺ҾѳɹͻΪѹƷĳ֮һ
һʱλĿɽ
ղĿ¾ѣҪԱҲΪһ㣬λ߿
˼ֻһ˵ĻϣڽȥղոŬĳɹ
ְֵḶ̌Էģ͹ܿҰ̶ȡ
ղ迿αϣֻҲڴ֮ͥ¸һ塣
ô룬Ǹһͷˮġ
ԷҲû뵽컯֮£ܹѡ
ղĬ˼룬Ѱ۵ģͲˣƴɸ򵥵İıл˵öԡ
ôһ룬ˡ
ƴû΢ƣǵùػһġѡ
ղףϾͷϢˣڻûء

㡣
Źȥû죬ֻصϤĲǶһָһ˺ѵʹ
ſˣժ¿֣ҽǼˡ
ȥңȥת
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㱻ϻغҪʲôϰ֪ͨ
ͬҽԺɭҲָʶûһҽԺؼ¡
鲿Թһˣ䰵ʾչĴɱҪֻиǺ
ɭ״̬ҲûãĲ֪˭Ҷϰ塣
ƽʱκ
ɭЦҪоճʿҪͨʱǽʿȥ
λãҲЩʵľڲһϣܵҪ׼ȷоɭ˵ѵס
Цһֵûˡ
仰ɲֻв
˵·Ҫȥɭԥһ£֪һ£ܻáĬӣ¿ڣʮǰʿǵȥ͵򡣡
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ȵɭǶξĶǵº󣬸ɫ΢䣺Ǹӡ
󡣡ɭ³֡
˵Ϊʵ飬Ǵˣ෴ܴͿǹ鲿ܻɭ֣ҩʹߴ۸ļ䡣û뵽л߾ôݣ½ÿһ֣ڲìܡ
󡣡һ֡뵽ڶԷϵķ˼ƽϣʮǰ˶ʱԶԶؼһ棬ȷʵεɫķ
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˶СӵĹĳѰǵϢǵĻԶһ򡣡ɭ˵Ʋ⣺Լ˵ڶǵҲΪǵ˵ĳӡ
е㣬ĺܿкӣʩ󣬻ıһЩô
ûղ룬Ͼò˵
뿪󣬸ҪҪϱ
л߾֪£Լһִٳⳡϣʽ󣬶;кô
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ղҡͷƬʵʵ˵̹٣جˡ

һجΣ¥ʧߡȥϿʱèۣղҲУλһƶճ¥յɪϢ׼ļŸѡ֧󡣡
ҵҪˮƯղһˡ
ûô˯һ£ʱ㷢ϹȶͻȻ˲١
ͬһʱ䣬ҲѺһֱججģողſϢ
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ڼǿʣӦҲһ֪˭Ҳ׷Źղ費ǣԷѾл߾ĻУΪʲôᱻ뿼ǷΧĪл߾ûнɸ֪ˣ
߲ŸҲɵӣƼһѹԼˣٻ𼸷ֱ²á
Ͼʲôͼ
߱߷ϵϢ̳ϻҽԺĻʿʢ䷢ɫ
ղһɫÿ
רйϴˮԡ
ħԵĴȹ棬֮ǰĵϴˮͱȽȻӣϾûʲôͷ
Ϊ۹˫ǡıֿʼĹ棬̫ҪͶ̳۹⳵˶ĵط
Ŀǰĵҵ㳡ڲų3D棬ղһ˦㷢˸ָ̳һƿϴˮ
ϴɣϴţһóϴˮɣ
ղŲûегռʷǳߡ

Ҫٺٶʮ򡣡
ǼʻԱ㱨ϣսִ٤۹ƫԶһ򡣡
ףѶսһ磬ȹʮսͣΧ
ֻʮңһ֣Ǿʾֹͻ״
Ϊ侲ļʻԱü֪Ǹǲƽ¡
˴Ѷ֪˶ԷĴڡ
ʻԱЩ˵ǺӵʵСȵķԾ
ٵϸֳһĨЦ⣬Ϊ겻ЦǵԽӲȴŨŨڴ
һźһ
ǴѪͳɫ


44 
ҵ쳣ΪξѣղҲҪ׷΢ɪһ£ϵ鲿һ˹֧
ĥʲôʱٴյϢʾҪٰջᣬղеĪ˵岻ʣ̾°Լߣ
Ϣգö𣿡
ϲ۵ı飬ղԶҪһҲһȻඡ
ĩβһС
յ˿϶Ĵ𸴣¶˾ΥЦ⡣
ӪȳϢͬûݣûףʵ˹¶ݡҽԺסһ꣬ҽʿܺãɹһ쵱ġաҲȻӦ
ҽŵٱǸһܰ磬ȴʱܵһλİʾҽԺǣͷףĹģҪǽʱҲμӡΪ˻ר߻˲˳أ˿Ķܵʶ
ྡܱһ£ŵûоܾ
ʵЩ뷨ٰһΪ˲ɫزøУҪһ˳ɣҪԼһ󣬺öǷһȷϡ
յǰһ죬ղɵæµš
ҹû˯ˮÿһҺ嶼صᴿƿкֵ˲ͬĻ֭Ⱦɫղɪᵽļˣѯһ¹ԱϢճĴƶϳϲõɫ⽫ˮҲͬƳӦɫװƿ
һдףСƬ׼ɪԼĸǡ
ղˮЧͬ죬ھʧصǰһᣬסߵľ塣
˵ֶ̡һӵƿƿ޹ޣղص˵ͷһֵæµ
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˵ųذۣٶһƮȥʳá
жͦжģֻͰôôħԡ
Ƭֱ𷢸Уɪղ͵ˮƽ֣ҪļǵȡɪϢһ֪ͨл߾Ҳһݡ

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յϢڿѵⲿԱл߾ûô⣬ֻƳͨѶӦһͻȻͼƬŴ
һμʶͰװˮ
һţл߾˼䣬ߵͷæȥ顣
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ǱѾ˵绰ղֻüӿ첽ϻᣬһ¥ͿſڵţﻹŴõĲʴͰװֽ
˵һֵĻӦиƷ
ղͷӴһֽ䣬ʲôС

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˵Ÿղʾһ飬ڲ͸ʯ䣬ЩϹ˵۾
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ղǰĵ뺯Ա˶ʱΧⳡųСĴѲߡ
϶ֱʣЩĻҪӶԷ
ղ费ۣидеĿĺѴɡ
ףһҹȷ󣬰ԱС
ÿһ䶼Ϥĵװ磬ղĵע⣬񲢳Ϊ۹˫ǡⲻ˻ᱻһȽϡ
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٤۹ǿǶĿƼֻǳһ飬ܻ㡣
ڡ
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ֵҲ˫Sľͬǿǣ䱸Ȼκи
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ǰδеķſƤΧͶȥȵȻĿײϵˣڲԼͬرܡ

ͬһʱ䡣
ղ軹֪ǽ飬ͨѶ¹һҪĿγ̡񶷡
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ҪٶץסղһηˤղҲ˻һ˲ȻץˡЩ죬ûпԷ
ѾղһʹÿռԱǻأûεǳѽһǿղʡ

һβԪ˧ƺҪء
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ʹһɫձͻȻл߾ǰС

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ǰûмȴһĪϤУһ²ⲻܿƵظУղ˫Ŀ󣬡žһ£еľʯ˵ϡ


46 
ʯɳҳһӣһղ˶Ǵ͵ġһεɫͷ˺ͻʵɣά˹վһԵĸѸС
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ʶɣά˹뵽ԷճҪƽżĹϵżҪʱʱϢˡ
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48 
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49 
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50 
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һ±ƵĻиһЩССܳ飬սһֱƯڿУڳͣôǸĻ
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УղͷżĻֱŨ߸֣С


51 
ϵĸѵһ٣ѧжһɻǷŭҪ֤ԼͻıԣĿζͣˡ
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ӣɱ¾ҲǺܶࡣΣϵҪԶڻǣҲͬղԭ
;Ԯսȷղ谲ȫݡ
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52 
ССӰǰһ˲Щ΢΢
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Ȼǰûз֣ʯҲˣԶҲʱͣ¡
ԵʵǰıƹȻûáղΪźЧӳ֣κβһֻޡ
пδѧǰǿޱȵޣٿرһصڰУſڵϡ»һһɱ¾ĳŵָӡ
»ݵӣ˿޳ӵ㣬ݺ˽ȥһĻŶۡ
˵޷̶˻־δɢĻƤζٶ۵ع޳ĳֻޡ
ҪóԸһϤһĻݣ޸߸߷ˤڵϡ
ԣͽס͹ǸѪܣ䣺ŵµ淢飬
ȫԹ۵ʯһѾûѡ
Ǻ£ֻ޸ողɱ㡣ղɫʯҪзâ

ʯĬĬߵһߣƽúõĸһƮȻȥ·ϣ½̹ٿĹ¡
ʯüëߣ⡣
˵һʼںǱʤղ辪޳ʼһѹ졣ѧֻ֮ͬĴݸ¡
Ϊָӵղɼᶨְ𣬿ʱ䣺жʮӡ
󲿷ѧľڵһǿУѾͶιҪιһ־ԲǶʮɵ飬СʱҲܡ
ղǰȫ߷ݣ;񶼺ƣ£뿿ͳսʽʤܡ
ۣʲô𣿡
Ȼش𣺡Ȼȥ

ԼԴʽͼףһá
飬ղʿͬѧǲҪСʱǰҲǻ˵Բ˿𣿡
ϸ˶̶ʮڷ飬þӮҲı䲻ʲôϷĺڹѾˡ
ʱڿˣȥ֮ǰһ
ܻƤӰ췢˺ܾˣµ磬ȻǲмͷȵսܿڱԭٴĻٳ䵱ղ׻¶ԭʵ
;ϣڰнһֻޣӴʬҽӲĺӦѿˮ˼ɸߣղѪˮпõİ׹ǣ֪˻Ұ޵ġ
ղҲûţ˦Ҫս
ʱǰԸֻͻȻһ˼ߣֱղæٿƫһߣҲŻףعǴѾðݣֱӡһغ
޸ֺܸߣϵ漴ǡ
б»һ¹ؽڣ³֣Ǹֻ
ղǿһЦ
ж໬ˡ
ΣֻȥȰ˵ᣬܷˮ
µҵ¾׼ŵȼ۴
ϿسѾúܺãտʼʱҲͶ˼ɱޣ˾ĽŸСȺѧĿǰЩиֻԴͷ
ȷŤת˶ԷĹղֻȥԶһĵط
תԣٴֻһֻڿмת䣬˳ȥ˰׻צ£ô׻ЩĪ
£ǹͬµ
׻


53 
µķܶǧѧԱȴĿġ
Žڽߵ֣ղһиŬҲãΪŬҲһĽѾսȦֻ¾ܶ
ղӣʲô룿
ƽԭػʹ

ԭƮ˴ѩһĻĻֻĳ߹Ȼͬ׶ԵЩЦ
ղվԭأȻʣΪʲôôã
仰ʵһϻͬһˣԼҵĺչ˼Ҳοղκ˶ǵӳ̶ȡ
ȴ˲һĻش𣺡Ϊǡ
һȷأҲðΣȥ
˽ղĴԭ򣬱˶֣Ҳܻؾ֡
ղĿһûз
Цһ£֮䱾໥ġ
ղͷŴ׵ѩأͷĪ˺ࣺܶҲǡ
΢Ľѩû˻Ҳ׽һֱðٱעղߵˡһůʹӲ࣬΢΢ƫͷ˼˫Ŀ
ղ۾ħٶ೾ɱβԭɫ󣬼ǡǡ෴ϳɣûַ
ǰǸǡӣר˵ģҲû㡣
ǴˣҪཻؽǰһ޶׻
ԵĽѧһʤ
һûӮң˶٤˵ӡǣҰѾ嵱á
٤˶˵ĺ漯ڣǲǶϲһḥ̂Դеĵˣⷽʽǡ䡯
ֻղʼձ棬ǳȫˡ
˷ɴʯ㻰磬һ˵ڿղݵ绹
ʽ׵ã¼һ˲ߣ˿ֵոտʼ
ȤڴŽµķӦ
ղСһµ۾ۿɼһ£βͿ̨ղгССһֻһͷ˿͸¶á
ϣʵֵúܿעѹھ顣
β·һۡ
ƹ̫ˣգ۵Ƶʶ٣̫ˡ
ڹʱȻֹеðƻ
ղûз棬˵ǻĻᱻƭȥϾÿһ֮䶼ĸӦҪѪҺʸߡ
ɴʱ㲥
˿͵йӰ쵽˷ɴʻó˿侲
ó˿侲
ͬĲΣסĳ嶯͸¶Ĳпᣬ˿ľ
Ȼαװ¼ĵߣȷ˵˵ĵߡ
ԭҪϷѧԶһ㣬ӿϷɲ˼飬̲ס˽ǿɲ֪ð¼ֻŭԴǰ˵ʲô̫࡯֮ࡣ
˶ô躢ӵ𣿡
ҿǣûƼ޲ܻƤݸţ½̹ٷŭ޲ղӣӰֳղۡ
ֹԤһܶû꣬۶ֻии꣬һ˷ɻС
лݿǰ
ȤǣƵĸ벻ֹУǰֱڼ䵯Ļܶ඼ڰ@л߾Ȼûö
ǧѵл˼۶ػʹ˫
ǵĺл߾ΪûпⳡֱһʼֵĸҲһʱ򣬱ȥ顣
ʮӢǸڷյĿռ䣬ÿһ˶࣬ǰڷһϡ
л߾վλǰЩӵļƻܳɹ
ɭʼһϵе¼ܿ˳ЧΪɱͶףԳΪNҩҵ⵹ּ֣źNҩҵ֮䱾йϵƲǱNҩҵչϧԷ֯еλߣֻǸӺнΥҩ
ṩһ˼ϢǰķάȱץǶʱûô
άȣһԱӡ󣺡Ҽǵһش˽֮ˡ
˵߷ϣԱпһ֣Щȣ
һ²鵽࣬ͷܽ᰸治ͬϸע˵ϸڣڽ磬ӵļԱȫס
Ϊһʮֵ͵ʱǴ󰸣ҪӾά̳ȥٲԳͨһЩϵ
Цǣǻࡣ
ȱڲԪҪ̨֮ȨǱϡ˴󲿷֣Щɶ¡
ּڲأ̨˶鲿ɸѡ˲鵽˽±ȽϷû̫෢֡
һ֣ǰԵĲԱ˵⣬ʵģΪʲôѡ˹¸Ħۺ
˲²⣺Ǳϴˡ
һЩ˻ʿ·
л߾ͻȻصгһҳڡ˽ҡϣȦﳣз˲Ϊ⡣
ƬһӣͽһԱҽȥһûݹĺۼ
˲ҳɣ̾ȥ
л߾ӵϣ3SľӾȻֻB
Ӧпעҩ
л߾ⲻ꣺ʻ򡣡
Ļ򣬺пһȱݵĺӡ
ڵҽƼ󲿷ֻⶼǰܶϲ̨˽ӣΪ˲ҽԺ¼¼ȥɸ飬ԭʼʽ
ܲӺԴΪҪһǮơ
ڼ㣿
䲻һתһ£æش𣺡ŵʮ
л߾۾Ӧýˡ
Ӧһ£Ѱ˼˵ǳԪ˧Ľ
Ȼһ̣𾪵鷢ˣл߾ղ衣
ףȡʤ
ûпһҹ˹ˣ϶ȥھ
ллղڷ͸żɢ
л߾ֱת˻⣺ûԼĸĸ
ղ룬˵һأҿ𣿡
ôشģ
ղ̹ϣһҵļ໤Ȼװûظһ⡣

ɴźŲãղ˵Щ϶úôְ֣ü̳ķݼҵȡ
ȫ꣬л߾ͻȻø˼ȷ飬һִٳð¼㱻ץЩʱգ˵˾ͻᱻ
ȥҽܿ콫˻ȷʵݣΪʱ̫С΢ıΣϸ۲ѷ֡
л߾򸱲ȥɼһDNAȶԡ
ܾأ
ûȷ֤ݣȨܾǡ
л߾ֱʾҪһ¶ԷķӦ
ʮ㣬鲿Ѿס
ظǵǹܼңڼûˣҪŻүϾͻṩҲһġ
ˮ©Ļش𣬷·ηȶԡ
鲿뿪󣬹ܼ̽㱨նסµһɽׯȷʵڼңҶϵ绰ɫһ䣬ŵôû֣
ڵʱ
̶֣˵ղͼ޻ţ±붼ֱӰɱˡ
ⲽƬ̣һ˵롣
һϰ壬𣿡
ͷ
ЩĿǰֻתһ֡
ܲôˡϣŽֳĻң͵뿪
ͣһ£˵ڼŲߣºǰʾ鲿Ļ̵̻ľ󡣡
ղ£ǾˣЩϵHҲ٣ûһģ˵ܵñӻ졣
鲿ޣĴصˮ©

Ѿˣղ·ɴһʹþȣʮƣ
ҶȲҪϴ裬·ҪôǺգҪô޵Ѫ
ʲô˸·һˮûУ˼Σȷͣˮˡ
ʱ㲥𣺡ԢĹܵƱҧϣѾȥŲ⣬λͬѧҪż
ܶѧܲˣ׼ֱӳȥá
ѧУйãڵ³иֻʹߺ٣еˮܵӰ졣
ȣһѧӣЬ˸ѵһĳ
ղںͼסһ¥һģ¥ǰۺ͵ԪļͷɴۼƼǣʾ⡣
ʲôȻѹܵҧˡ۱Թһ䡣
ڿղʱ̲סЦˣô
Աǳˣղ軹Ǻ˵ĸоӶܷѾ
߶·ƣΧɶ겻٣ղҲþ飬Ժһߡ
˾֪ˡ
˵ţղͻȻס
¡ĿⲻȻײϣԶµ˽һԷ̵ļ½ıʵ̫ˡ
Χ˵ЦͬѧͻȻȫ
һĻܹ죬ʱ侲ֹˡ
ɱо죬ȷԼܱһʶƣò˵ܵĵɱѡģǽʿߺĶ
˳ѧУĴƵҲֵþ档
ѧѾĿùиֳʣ
ûһʱǵĵôôصӡ
ûΧɧǵµСɶꡣ
ûпʹôȥá
Ǹٵˣ


54 
˲ÿǶԷôĸУ̶һ˲䣬ѧ˼תǧء˼ҪôװסԷ
϶вͨУɱˣ۳ɹԲܻ߳ȥɱֻһ·ߣ䲻⣬Ѹ١
ηֻӾԼϻȪ·Ḷ́˵ԶԷѾǾ͸ʵ֡
֪˭һˡ
δ䣬·ѾӾܣеӶҪˣֱӳɱֵ˳ȥ
УԱ
ղ״ܵѧУһ¿ˮܵöÿ찡
קסüʲô
˵һͬǰܡ
˵ܣԾٶȱ˼¡
ɱһûκγɿʼ޲ɱ¾ӵͬʱڿճǰһ˶ȥ
ɱӵڿĿʱŤǿľǳһ˷ನѧƴɱ־͸ᣬɾƽ˵һȫѹԼ
ܡɫ
֮ǰѾȷϹеУʱ뿪ѧУԪ˧Ҳֱӻʹݣ֪ڒʲô
ϰµͻȻһǧѷĺûᡣ
ɱֵľѾ3SòʵгУ˵ľȼ˽綨ķ롣
ڱϴԣɱֱʺϴεʿһֻʣĿ꣬ƴӽղķͼԱͬھ
ʹǰδеɹݰ˾ĿƣʿԱ˲䣬ѾΧס
Ӱ಴ղͣ½ŲͷһȷɱѾΧȦʮʦмİףҲѾغ󷽣Ӧ˲ĸ֡
иɱӺܴ󡣡ȻЦˣֻЦЩֲ
γ˾ԵѹƣƵʶȽͣ˵
ɱ촽԰ף֪ǰӴľڶԷװһԱΪʲôӵбԼҪǿľ
飬ǿûջؾȫѹɱ֡һʦߵͷѾ֪ͨ鲿ˡ
仰вԡ
ɱֲ±飬ʮǰһҼŰŵĳԱҲЩù顣ҪȻɵĻǲšֻεֻɹһ룬ӲԤƵʱ䡣

ȼɽׯһͨͨ޽꣬صеƻҲ˳ɱֳǰѾһͨһ԰ȫĵط
ۼŵĶĵɽ֮ǰӾӵξбһУѧ
һžɵƤߣʱ׼üݳھ͵ȵ۶
˰Сʱڵűֻһвͼ븽УһҲûཻǡʱصﴫ˳һ˵Ŀ֨֨˼¡
ô
û˵
ķӦѾ˻ش˸һ£ˣղѾЩڸֱɱס˵𣿡
ࣺһͷ˿û˵

󾭹ѵȻһЩ̣ޣ޷㱨ͨı£Ҳȥŵɱ
ʧһûκ˶ʼǲǱˣȻôù
Ȼй̫ԼĹǣһ¶ӣǿ϶ӻš
СչҲס鲿ⷢӵĻᣬ϶ҪֳֶԼŶ֡
ûһԸţҲл߾ὫʹֱӰⶥڹ۸š
̳롣ԭƻǰ߲˵Ļͺ뿪
ĸǰδеĻңԤеĳӿܲô˳

Ǳʱеƻͨ
鲿ܿ˸ϵղغϵڹϸɱʷǳء
ŴϢǴŭʱڴ·УеҹɫΪһ壺Уİʩ˴۽硣
Ҫ˲ݣУ֣ʾֱӷСϮɱ׾ӵαװҲֻѧǰչʾһ£ǡ
ղ·¼һһʮ˵ʱȻоӿһ磬ûüתͷѾվǰ
ܾˡµߴͷɨһȦȷղû˵ļ󣬵Ծĸкº𣺡һʼҾͲͬСµѧУ
ղܵһСˣɱûüӽʮס
еŭһͣϵɱŵղ裬ܷŵȥ˽һɱֵ
һ仰Уÿһֶ͸¶ɱ⡣
˵˽⣬ƺҪȥɱֻˡ
ղ豾˵䣬һ̾ͱǽʿΧס
һĲסģΪ˰˵鲿ʵʱǹϢ
һʿʹصͷҶ֪ˣɱαװҵò
ղסʲô
ΪʲôƫƫѡҶǱˣ϶вõĵط
ôãղͷؼܺԼ׵ˣο˵¡
ʿٳٲ̧ͷ͸¶ŨŨľҲûʸڵǰ
һС¿϶ͻҹľ
ղûд
ʿѹˣС
ԭ
ղ͵͵ǰһڹòǺԶ
ƴգۣȾңȾҡ
ͬѧοصͷûˣոǸٵûˡ
ȲԮղ½ʿĸ첲ʾοһ۾Ϳ㡣
ʿһ㶡
ղЦֿϳ㣬ϳÿһˡ
ΧͬѧʶͷûҲϳ
ϧֻԼҵ£Զ仰ղƾֱϳǡڵУǶһ޶ģ
𣿡ɱ޲գ۵ĽʿСʵ
ʱҲ߹ޱ֤ûʱҶˡ
ûһ˵и飬ڽʿǾ֮
ۿںˣղ˿һԼǼҳ顣շһ£֪ôģ¾ȻûҪʣ߻ԷֻǿһۣղлҪԼ˵
ߵԶµľγϣ˸˵ʲô
ˮų߸߹һ£ղ迿·ϣżü䲻һ֮伸²ͣ˵
վߣ͸¶һ˿˸Уղ費Ҫˣ
һһȡ졣
һʼ磺޲ɢ֮ϯǷͬСɣ϶Ҫȥġ
ˣ͸һ˿˸С
ҪҲǵȵȾѺҲûˣѰ˼ҪҪһͻᣬ׼Щ
ʼû˵¼ڹֱתᣬÿһúƽֻ·ٶҪƽʱϲ٣֪ʲô

ǡ
ɫ˲԰һЩ۾ǳκ˿˫۾εؽִﰲϡһ棬ݣ͹ǸֳϱߣõĴ£·ÿһؽڶ˱
һı񣬴˿бϡ
ǣ𣿡
ӻڣɤѰǵϵ
ԮˣսҲ˲٣ȴٳûԼ˴
һʱҲ벻͡
ͨҪѶЩ鷳ںѡսרŵ豸ֻҪȥԶһĵطȫԽͨѶ
ʱɳԮ󣬽һˡ
侳Ƶͨ˫潻°ڵᵽղľ״˵ҲǳڣС¶٤Щᡣ
ıĺӣϳ⣺֮顣
Ѿ˵٤˺վͿңСǱҲ˵ˣźܿͻ̤Ϲ̡
ȥңȾѽȻ󼴿̳뿪٤۹
Ŷǵô˵ġ
¹ޱȵ˵ˡ

ⲻ˵һƭ֡
Ϊ˿ѪǵʱʱҪ˯һʱ䣬ʱ򳤴ꡣ
¶ղ˵ڱǰһۣǼٻ
ʹãǵûйҲ岻ʣһжϵʮ
ǵĬΣü𣺡Ȼ⣬Ϊʲô˵
װ׵ôá

»ظʱǵɧѾƽ˸Իصᡣ
ǰҹղһֱۿ컨塣
ԼǵȻУоЩ
µһ仰ɹجΣղѾִǣһս̱˴ӵ֪˭˳صڡ
֣ɡ
ղ͵شجѣ¹뱣ǵǧꡣ


55 
һҹܿȥһ磬ղ¥ʱר̽ͷһۣûƼ»Щ֣ԶԷǿı˴ɱ¼顣
ˣ϶˵۶
ղһͷڿͷҲ̧˵Ȼˡ
²ںʲô߼ϵ
ûȥĥ⣬˵鲿Ǳ˵Ҫһ档
ղ迼Ǻ˵ҲС
ƺϵĻشļ׼õġ
ղû뿪ԥһ£̹٣и⡣
˵ȥ
ôΪʲôҪԱ
Է϶һѰĹԱ԰ѻе׸Լû׷˵ɪʱҲӲһƺȫѹɱֵľ
Ҫֽһ١
ղæҾǺ棬ûʡ
δ䣬ûʲôǵڶŵĸųӦòʲôĻ䣬üͷһ˲䲻Ȼ£
ǰһνǵжУһ֧µСֶ˰ΧȦʱø޳ˡ
һ֧Сֶӣҵͬ
ղĬһ£УѵһǼսҪս׼ҲҪñ׼
ûΥǰȥӪȣ˵ǵʱ޳ûȫ汬ȻǼѾûսһǿһҵҸ߹Լս˾ʱʧˡ
żھʧغȡͻƣָʼΪ㣬ûС
Ƕ˵˿֮һݡղ뵽ӪȹµĽβԺܲҡ
ʱΧһƬǽ壬޵ʬ壬ҲǵġԳЦ£ûȥǾ£ǡҡ
սʵżʣʱ˵ˣҪԾʧصͬ顣
ղ裺պлᣬÿǱˣһӵѾǡ
֪ʲôף֪ͨѾҽڽտԤʾ²׼ʱ䣬Ѿзе˼
һղ³ŵ
δǽȾʱԼ԰æѹƾʧصá
ȥһҹ۶Ǳһ
ղѧУնҪܶࡣ
ϿΣ׼ʱȥղ賯ߵ;Уһǽʿûʱʹսҳļײϡ
ղһ£ôȥѵѹǰһԱţû˻Ӧ
ͷγ̲ţһȭ
ϰȭղΪ̾תһȦȷĲڡ
𣿡ͻȻʡ
ղҡͷ
ȿһš
ʮǰûеղ£ͻȻٿһ߻ᡣƵ㲣ԼĹȥ
ȱݣ˵μʵԸıҵˡ
ǽ죬ʶǲԵģһǰ¶ģ͵͵ٱΥʵ顣
ղһһʵʱ˵ѣڸ֪ϻڣΪʵд
鲿Ѿ֤ʵٱ˵ݣ˵ʱٱʱ˵ûͼ¼һֲ
ղһ㣺鲿ȻӦм߻ᡣ
ǰһܺպ̿϶Ҳܿ
˽ĻϽʡܶ¡
鲿Ҫ̳Ǳ㡣
Բľҵѣղ衭˵󼸺
̬ᣬղͷƤ顣
֪һңҺѪԵϵһֱƭ㡭ĺ뵱˵һԲ𡣡
ղʵǿȥֱӹͨѶ
Ҫмҡ
ʼ°ˡ
ʱᵽһ£ץɱ֮ǰһҲţҲɢ㲻ӡ
֪Ǹ˵ǽʻġ
ղıȫûбƺðó
鲿ص㳹ţʵ֯Ҫһ¡
¸˵鲿ȨӦҲǡ
ղѸ뵽һǽʿҲûӦ˵л߾ҡˣ
ϵͷ
ԼŵֲϣץһЩ֮ͽϣ鲿ʡȥپ
Ȼϲ޳ģ²º׻ᱻƽǴá
л߾ʺϹٳԶܵһʱû
Ѿ¹Ĩȥٹһ죬һǰš
ղſڣ˻˵𣿡
»æԭҲ֪ԼҪߵǰס
˲Լ̸ͬܿĻ⣬ĶҲı䲻ʵĬһ·ղ˸еԺҾҪȥˡ

һ綼ۿΣʱרŵķУſڽ
ղһ鲿Ա㿪˵һϸûнҪһ档
ղ̾ף̫ˡˣз𣿻ʲôװҲһЩȫΪϡ
Աһۡ
󻹱Ѻԭĵطҽûʱ֪ܶ졣ŶԸеıһҲû裬֤Ĵɱƻٴʧܣܲˡ
洫һһֽŲ֪ϤĴкʽҲҪˡ
󰡣
Ƥһûһ⣬һűƿǸ
ղԼһӣ󰡣ʲô⣬һ˰ɡ
Ҳû뵽ԷȻȫװԼ˵£š
һղĲԱǵ̸̸𣿡
ԱҪܾȿ˵һһж
Աԥ䣬ղ΢΢ףʾûϵ
ǵʵĩղ衭ǵߣԱʱȥƬռֻʣˡ
źϵʱֹͣһαװ
ղûκиЦݣȴʱ̻Χ
ķᳰҵһҽԺ㣬Ҿͺ㡣˵Ϊʲô
ղ̾˿еѣžɢˡ
ܾкҽӽһЩʣֻñҺá
û뵽˿żɽղüһʼռ֤ݾٱһоͻд
ߵǰԭ״̬ʮ꣬õ۹Ϊоҩ
ղ輰ʱһԶľ롣
󲻾üʣ𣿡
ղʵͷǧټҲҪһ棬ܿɡ
һոյĻ⣺
׵ζԶףûдҲֻǵ̤һ¶ѡ
ղ貢δľ⣬Цõ鲿Ͽиɽг࣬Բϵص׵ÿܵ
ղ˵֣ǱһУһѧ
ⳡ̸ûнжãֹͣߵһߵСҪϢˣߵʱæغš
ȷղˣڴϵۣ֪ƻвͨҪ·ӣò豭Ƭ첲ȡһС
ԱѾӣƽ³˿
˵ʲô
ղת˹ڳ飬ԱȥѲйسϣӴԵص׵Ŀ⡣
ѧУ·ϣղһֱ˼μ档ܾΣ󲻿ô󳹴򣬼ԼΪҡ
ֱһĿΣҲûȻûãźһϵͳ֮˫ϵȻûеõӦ
һҹû˯ղϴ˯ǰٶȳԹͨϵͳ޹
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ͻҩһ죬ʱЧԡ
ԭļƻ۵Ķһըӳ֮ǰ׼õһʬ壬ӪԼղһڱըеļ
µ鲿ºԼУҲ̹˿϶ڵ۹ڲһѰףʱȻ󲨡
Ȼղ̫ھҲֵĻᣬ󲻵òӵڡ
ղ衣
ղĳҪȵķ˹ǿࡣ󲻽Լһ磬ȡԼһЦ
ûܾ㡣
һ뵽ĿղڱըͻзǣʼɣʲôĲ֡

ûǶš
ʮһάռ䣬Ȼе׼ȥ
ʱԼоԼΣϵͳžһˡ
ûϵͳо˲ԾڵռάУô񻹵ˣ
˭ռ䰡
˫ͺֲܴ۾һ˲ˣе޼磬ǰȥ


56 
һ΢͵һͨס
ɱǰǰ߸󣬵ԥһ֡΢͵µʱ򣬾ǿȫԴӷٺͿĦĶз쳣λ3Sǿһ˲ȫչпܽط
׸Ӿ׼Ȼ֪ղĿǰס
е˾֪˲ס¥Ʒ䣬Ǵ㡣
ղͷÿһ붼ȼգȨɲǣоʲôڷٿԼٵ飬ѰҲʱֱʹ΢͵Ϊ˼ӴɹʣõǰڵйֱӴһάȿռ١
ûõ׼㣬Ǹǰ·һλá
뵽һ⣬ղҪ˷еϮҲν
ô̵ĹڣҪ̽зӦҲ޷õڰȫơôص˾Ҫһѡ񣬾ǱһѧǷתƵ
ǻ𣬽ʱٳܳѧͶһף϶ը˼αװ緢һƵǿϮĿΪըղ裬ؽ˼
ղû˲޹ĸѧԼ۵ѣȥѧļҳҲףǨŭ˭Ҳ֪
۹δ֮ǣǻ
˰ԵԴɱȻ۹ָһ͸Ӵ̼ڡԹڣпһս
䵱ʹĿռ۵Ҳ֪ԼЩ嶯ˣ۵һˣҲɡȻɹһɲǣӿǰδеĿС
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λͬѧҪţʱעΧ־衣
ѾþƬ򣬷ֹ˳ûϮ
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۹Ȼֹо˿ռ۵侲һ뵽ʱ߾Ͳˡ
ʲô⡭˲δ֪ͷʱԺвϸֳӲı䷽Ļ档
ͻȻһȵʶعͷһۣе˱ϳһȭͷСţֱ
ͼ赲Ȼǵ΢ԸıʲôһʹŵƤսζ
˶һ˵еþȣֱ
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ղ裬ղ衣
Žǣŭȥֻ̽޺ղĹϵΪʲôôˣ
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ȫѪȵĭȾѪָץס·һǣҸɵġûгɹ䣬ΪΪղ衭һֲܿĻˡ
һһٵܡء
һϢղ轫ա
֪ǲǻعⷵգܳվھ˵ĽǶȿһУĴǰδеʶղݾԲֹô򵥡
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ͫ΢ţǧҪ
󰡡ղջ˹
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ղè޺ӣſϣ󰡡
һ̣Χ˶Ĭˡ


57 
ҹɫ£ǰղı̫ˡ
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ղѾ뵽ϢķӦ͹˵оȫѧУ˭뵽ϻЯֹ۵
̾˿һ鷳ûдǰϵͳһԼȻתһȦҲûҵ֪ȥ
һۿ˵ɢעԼȥǰµϢƸʹó΢͵λá
ԣûǱСĸ㵽ϣۿʼҴߡ
ҹ׺;׸ѡ
ӺֱڰзɴڿеĢƣȾ崦
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һŴ򿪣ղعֲ֪ʱѾϵ˶㡣Ϊ˼ɿ첲ż°غղٿţȻЦҾ͡
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Ҫ鹦˵ղ˯ǳͷۣΪþʱҪš

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һºȻ˸ƣͷͷ٤۹棬˴ȥ
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ͬʱ۹˾ŵڱ߾ߣϷ͵ɡҲߣȥǵķҪʱ졣
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л߾ϵǿܻ۷뼸λѧУУڸԭǸУΪ¼Ż˵һУУ
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͵Ϯ顣һУУҡͷ3SľеҲǿġ
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һֻÿ춼
еĵ˲ι˹ղһ𣿡
ǡ
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Ĵ±򿪣߼ɫҰףϸֹ͸¶һ˿ҺǿԱյģղ˵ĲֺܿҲղ·ȴʪģ˶ڴ״̬
Щ죬ûмһˣӦһ
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⻰ɲ˵ཻǲ

˱˵ߵſڣǽʿƫͷٶȶһ¡
ʱֵĳϵͳҪûղ軹ûӦʱѾǰﲻ
ղЦŰ֡
µĻԣСЦʱǱƽʱ3-5㡣


58 
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󷽿һֲֵӡ
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л߾΢ЦѾ˵ˣȥ⡣
ʵ˫仹йڻĺԷֻҪû裬ͲڹϷ
ղֻһΪ˼󣬵ʱ߱ԵһСӡϸ˵ûӽڲ
λƺѾǰߵĹһ·С
ڲֹ룬ֻҪǻˣ˶뵱һ´ɱ۹ǿߵĿԡ
л߾Ǵƻĵط̫͸ŷǳׯظС
ɣά˹ѾţĿ͸һɲ⡣
л߾ʱղ豶޹⣬װװǵ˵첻ˣҪȥֱӼλ
ϵɣά˹ûк´кעղ迪ڣվǰ
ղߵǰ΢΢Ŀ⣬ʲôֱӵ˫ĿҪɣά˹۾һ־޴һ˲䲻֪ǲǴղк񿴵һ
ȴһֱڶߣ뿴ɣά˹Ҫμ顣
һܵ͵ڶХղ軹ûӦɫľͶϣһ˲䣬ڱֱĿֲС
û˻ϲϤղҪþͼЩĵֿʱӰʧɣά˹ֻ˵ĸ֣̲
ξʱ̫ղ豾δѵͣ־ѾҪܳеĸɡ
ղЩţа취𣿡
ɣά˹Ĭһ£ȾѵʱƲÿһˣһһ
ȴһʼ
ɣά˹Ѿܾûб׷ηл߾ڿҪҪһ£⼸Ѿһð
һ룬ɣά˹Ȼشˣߡ

ղųصĲ£Ҫ뿪ǰͻȻһ̧һغɣά˹Ŀϣ
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ɣά˹겻һ˿Ц⣺۹ĹԶΪ㱣
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ղһ£ЩȶԷû̾ʹȥ˸ʱ䡣
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Ѿ쵽Уſˡ
ϴεĴɱ¼Уſڵ˼ˣղߵ;УûʲôˡѧһϢգҲҪֲиսܡ
ϵ㣬ſ˲䣬۵ˡ
ղһ̧ͷ֡ˡСӵȫԱڡ
ˮ̾˿ˣֻ׼һСʱ
ⶰ¥ᣬֻ׼һСʱĽȨֻڶ
ղţǽ
ɫ̫ãʣ˳𣿡
ղѾ˺ܶ࣬ͷȤ˵ʵḶ́桮˽ǡ
ͣһ£˵Ҫˡ
ڼǰʮ𾪵ô죿Ⱦˣ
¿ˣٵȵȡ
һʱЩĬ֪˵ʲô
ղԼƵĳĬЦ£ô˵ܸʶǡ
ˮۿʪ󣺡˳ϵ
粻ͨͨԭʼżʽǼͶԱֻûܸߡ
ʲôʱһ䡣
ղ裺ϣе㼱£ԽȥԽá
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˵á
ղҲǰ⽻󳼷һԽϳĽ˵ǵ屧ղҪ̷أĻҲǰϾ㡣
ղһֱΪһҾǾܣû뵽ֱ
ˮ˵˽³ݼţѯʲôʱߣҪҪȥȡԪ˧ͳһ˻ظģΪǵҪˣ˵ʲôҪټһ档
һ˭Ҳղ£ǿѡ

֮ǰһٷһȥʳóԣߵʳſڣͻȻಡղʶΪʲô֮࣬ųǰը̻
׼ȼ̻𡣡գָۣżλأǽ̡̻
ɫѾˣÿһ̻ǻһһţҪʱĳ𺳺ܶࡣ
⳵ʳƳһ߳Ļͬͬѧ
ףտ֣ףտ֡
򵥵ո裬ֱǼʱҲûʧ
ղ˶ס첢գͶ̥һأΪĻʵ飬Ҳ֪Լһġ
һ̧ͷ̻𣺡͵ǰˡ
ΪģеҲС
̻һʱȼŲ꣬ղ豻ͬѧŴһԸ
ϣҶƽƽ

ղʰ
첻ֹ뿪ӣաƳõĻʵ鰸Ҫڽʽͥ˵ǣļŲ١
۹Ǵɻһڽڵִ
㲥ڵʵʱ̡ͥ
ղڵ·Ķһ٣ԭ£ѹֲ´ʱڿֻš
ʱûٶߵʱв٣ͬѧ͵㹻װ䡣ʰò࣬ˡ
׼ʱ䣬רŹæѶ̧ȥռվ
վ⣬ȴĹһ
ղ׼ųĶֹˡ
Ƿɴϴο̳Ҫ
˵Ҫ
ղͷһϵǮ
ʧЦҪǮ߳һǵǱҡ
ղͽһݹȥһ˵ķɴҲҪʮڣڹˡ
°ɡø׿ˢģꡣ
ղ豻ϸˡ
µ͵ѧУſڣûʲôѧȥѧ¥
ղʱͣݣĿŲ¸Ϣա
ѧУһ̬Իһأղ뿪ʱ䡣
Уſڣֻӥ£վżϤףӲҪһǩԳ֮Ϊػʹš
ղڿɪʱ΢΢ЩȻʶ˴·ʽٻǵһμʱԼҪɪ϶ع񣬲³һʼ֪ʵ
һԼ˶Է١
ӻ𣿡
ͷϷɪ֪ʱѾվǰ
ղͷ
Դɪõ岢д̡۹ûʧȥǲ֣ȥǣҲ˼͡
ɪ¸һõӡ
ղպã´μ棬һøǿ
£ʱˡ
ûֱӰսǰ׼һ뿪ǰһ۵۶ķ羰
ӳĺͣ·ߣΪţһ㵽۶⡣
лл壡
ղЦϲбС¸ɰˡ
۵һϳ߰ɣˡСһȫԱ
ȼϳʱղͷһ۸Ҫչ߷ɵӥ˻˻֡
ԶʻС·
·ᾭģǵ۶һֵͨѶͻȻһ£Ȼл߾Ϣ
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Ϊ˵ǶԷټȥң󵱳ǵĺƳ飬ҪһûϣˮȻһղ衣
·һСʱܰһ
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˸߾Űɫֽȫǰղ辫״ãǱֳֻֽף޷̺ҶĴ
һˮֽڽֵγ׳۵ľ
٤۹ڵԸ񣬿϶ʲôֻǳĬվšһĨ۵ĺӳǺɫģղ迴˲һɫʡȻһ̣ͫһһд֣
л
۹ɥͳһúɫɫûرĺ壬ࡣһƬЧĿġ

ղĹ±һĴɫʣӳӪȣٵѵ۵ľ壬һԾΪŻ⡣
רļԤѡἺˡʮУķⷢȣС㣬һbgmŻͦ˸СټĻһ죬ѡһ
վȺУСΧؿоʲôףںɫϵղԼҪˡ
˼ɽ˽ЩѰǣǿسǣٸһλᡭ
˵ʲôҲ
ϢĲǻû˵˵ʻֻҪӣҲûʲô˵ġ
ˮһϸģ뵽Ϊ˵ղܻ᲻ڣСο˵ߵ̫ͻȻˡ
ûʱﱸһʢĻʽһҹֻ֮ü

Ϊղûź֮ǰԶʻĳ١ӹʻϣ˰ɫĻղԺֻʣһ仰䣬


59 
˵۶һ·ۿڣ⸽ģǰס
۵һ³пڵˡ˵꣬æԺղͣ˵ҪҺܸˡ
Ҷղؼյĸоһǻ˭˲Ժ
վڸۿڴ磬β豻紵ۣһǵһڰۿڡ
ܿصؽ磬ͨóĴܽӽ
ʮսʱͣڿڰߣһźͷ׵˱廨Ѻһս
ղ裺˭
شǼΪʵ鰸ıͬ˽Ǵ
ղûڵ۹ı
ͬһȥҪܵĥҪǧٱ
ʱ£׼ˡ
ղ˵ͷ
ȥ󡭡
ղ
úѧϰ

۸ͣûҪԼС
Ҳͬͷ
˵Ŀųǲ̫ܿףӴֻǿ޼᲻ݡ
ղ΢Цģ´μҵ־ܰѴҴſ¡
ߵӴս£̨ǰղתż˻˻Ӹ첲ؼ
Ҳ˻ֱ֣սջû뿪
չ˺Լһɤӱ紵ɢֱֻܿ۵ķʽ
ӴսܿʧҰΧڣϸꡣ
ԽԽ󣬼ڵȥɡ
ֻҪлټġ
ǰ˺սĸۿٶȳֻʣˮڵ

սڵĲֺ٤ǲ̫һȥңǿɹϢ
ʮսͬʱɣٶȷŵ죬ʱ㵽٤۹ͳµıΧȺʱİսֱͺ󷽣ڳȫ͡
Ҫȥʻտһ𣿡
һ飬ղ˿ԥصͷ
߼սǿݣʹõߴڲ죬һôֳ֦ѾͬʲǴྶͥ
ղʻյɲֻһ뷨ǸúúѧϰˡǰЩܵ豸ôݵģöӡ
ڸʻսԱûסЦˣѿڶСȤ
ղͷ氮ˣ֪ܰԶΪ㡣
վһԣղ迪ʼϸĦ
ѧУʱͻейصĶجΣղڼʻԱĽĹоȻˡ

ҷʡ
ʻԱȫ෴һ뵽ɰĵ¾ߣӲһŸ̱ʲôɷ
һգÿղʻһСʱʻԱܿһСʱ
ֱգжһĨࡣ
ղ軹ûüѯԭ򣬾ͱȥϣ˳ϵðȫ
ǾҪǼս
͸ʵĲ硣սнٶѾ죬ۺʱȥܿҵɱΪ̵ĵطղһĿĲпᡣ
ʲôӨĶǰʯӿһȺΧƬطɱ
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ղ࿴˼ۣôһѹÿȥҵ൱
սٶͻȻ´ͨѶѯ
Ԫ˧ǰʿսҲвӸȥ
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֮ҪԻղִΪ²δͣս
ʵȻǼսս޷ǾΪɳͳ涴Ȩ
ȻʿظϢͳ涴йء
Ƿų˼ǣƣͨó涴˲75ڹꡣ
һ˳75ڹĳ涴ֵԹ
ղʶҪվ֪ʶϵŰȫ
ע⵽쳣ôˣ
ղãûʲôֻǻûۿ涴Щ档
ʵԭϵͳڴʱȷᵽȥ80ڹĵط涨ҲΪ˷ֹصԭ硣
涴˲75ڹꡣ
һ䣺ˣӦҲ֡
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Χֳ涴ҵĽս췴΢һЩսƽн·ղһЩ⡣
ͼеɵˣʿɣսǿԱǵԭڳ壬ҲǶ֮һʮš
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СºÿɰȺУ֪˭С˵һ䡣
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ôκСһŵˡ
ȻղЦʼûʧ°΢΢
ԣָоҪĬeverybody 
֣Ǳ߻һ¸첲ȺڶûзӦĹղ边Ȼֵñǻ顣
ȻȺߺˣ̶񡣾ղ費ʱˡ
ǵûộֻż
ղԺ̧ͷǰȥվڼԶһֲ԰׵ݣ۾һ״ʵڹˣֲ԰޷Ͳ̬ϵһ𣬸ǳʵذס
µʱղйĪϤУָоǿҡΪѪԵУγһǣ
ǵͷѪһ΢ƽ⣬Ȼ̫á̧̧֣Χ˵ڡ
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û뵽ôһȵСղ赱ŵòУʱǧܴ硣
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ÿһҧúᣬȴһԵİ
طһ죬˵ٵ̫á
˵Ĺעȴ档
һ˫֣Զ¶ȡղ̰庮úúõղɫظ˶ԷΧľȻڸкܵͣǵǸоˡ
һղһֱ΢üͷ͸¶ƸĬĹػǵ΢΢һ
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ԺϺ˾֪ˡ
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ղûб¶̫ԣǵ𱸡
һ̣˫֮Ľɫ񻥻ˣԼǸ̡


60 
ǵеĴڿ󣬵ҲйСʱڡ
ղ£ȺҲɲͬ뷨̫עˡ
ֹػ£ǵվһ˳
ȵȡŶղܹԴ򿪡

һǰһ˳ղ󻹲Ⱥڻӻ֣ͷȥ˲䣬ǵʾԼߡ
ֳȺںܶ࣬½ϳѡרõĳڲϲװ˷ʱ䣬ڰȫúܵλ漸ûʲôرơ
һֻˣղúֱ٤ɵϰߡǵ֪ǲΪǷߣòЩơ
һͷͬûôϵɢҵشϡ

ţ

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ղɵصͷ
еһμ棬ϳֳΣոеĽ֯Ͽݣûеһʱϵһ
ܸˡ
˵ᣬղԻûУĳڼҸ硣
ղָʶ𣬳Ĭκֱ˵ʵйã
ģмǷ뿪ǺɳĮ빲һθоʵġ
ֻҪˣ˭뵽ҲΪܲղûоģҪץסů
ףǸҸ˵һ㡣
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ͬһԹСͬĳǱɢڸ䣬ղʵᵽʲôһ޼ʡ
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ղЦˣؿʯҪ𣿡
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Сǿʯͷٴξòףһô죿
˰ɡǱȵҳϽйȰ
ղͨѶƬʮУרɱ޵ģǹھ
йǺղȷϣҿʼˣû಻õģ
СǺոһַġ
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ҽָղ裬û˵
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Сҫսؿģ
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ҽԺ˼һӵѪͶҽҵڽӴöĺӣճһһޱСġէһղؿʯĹ£ֻоǰһڡ
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ͺеֺ󣬺ȻʣǾǿ׳𣿡
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Щͬǿ׳
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ĻüǰһģǲǾܴƲ󣿡
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м۵բţ̫ͨġ
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СãӰôÿ
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61 
صʱͺˡ
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ͷҡ壬¾˯ò⣬ҹСƳѵ½ӵһ䡣˵ȶ䱸ѡ
ղڨЦһѡ̥
˵ĳ̷ʽʮָ䣬ǵĹػǳܼҲûйղ裬˳ȥʱš
кܶ಻ͬȵСҹƿѡǵղºڡ
ԵںϣղͷıǸĻʵ飬ŴӦ˯ʮꡣ
˸䡣뵽ԷһѺ˻϶ˮУܶࡣ
ӣղ費˷ʱȥһЩˣ˯
СʱһСʱ賿㡣
һֻֻһǧֻ򡭡ڣڰķڣһ߳̾Ϣ
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µغ˿ˮղв˵ٴۡ
һл꣬һ֢
Լûд˵˵ͷ۸һ죬ڵ״̬µǰܲȫָһ
һղֻ˯СʱڶŵܼҺ𴲳ԷϢʽҪС
ղȥˮϴ˰˶ӣɫ΢ԵúһЩŵʱ΢ЦϺá
ͿСЦݣܼ̲סҲЦϺá
һܼҵרҵǲǷ̫ˣ
µ޽ǻź顣
ղ֡
Ǻһõģʦ˲ܣӲһӲظķˡ
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Ҫˮ΢Ц۽еЦȴûš
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һܼѾΪҷ꣬񣬺Ͳͬʳϰߡ
ΪѪҺʱڳײѪܣƫĶܾ֮ǰܼһΣδϣĻǾԽˡ
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ϵͳѡ͵ǣͺ֡
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ϵͳվһߣдšƨ¡
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ϵͳǸƨ¡ı飬ֻ鷳ԼҪʱ·
ղҪǿʱϵͳԤԤУһˡлõϵô
Է飬ͬ˽˺ͼ̳ϣԲͨлꡣ
ղ貢δΪ仰ûÿϵͳشûг׷ʱһûô򵥡
Էһϸ˨
ÿʮ㣬ӴĳǱ˺ҹװ
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ϵͳڣæռ䣬ýͶԷĴڸС
Ŭģҵġ
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ڼϵͳ˵ղרעû壬ֻһ㣬Ҫһɡ
ԽԽ󣬴ӲñΪ͸

ղأſ˫ۣ˸ӵĶ
žһ£ű򿪡
ղһۻ·ûһ⣬ɹ˫Ŀ
ͻȻ֪ϵͳղźԼʲôøϽ֡
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ʽͨҪˣ䵱һͶ񡣡
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𣿡ʡ
˵ʮŸĶˡ



62 
ӹ鼮йĲһֲض֮꣬Ĭһӡ
ղ赱ʱô˵ģ
Լ裬屶
ػɣղ˯߲þΪˡ
һߣԴղĬ߻ط䣬һֱͷͷͣҿȥǲر񾭲
ʧٵϵͳٴγ֣δشԶ׼⡣
ôʽˡ
ղֱͦˣڴ󴲵ģȥԵúСһֻĿתϵͳһղ²ԷҪζ
ǲĿĲݵϵͳûд˰йȥ˼
ȻϵͳҪʲôӣվڴߣƽ̫
ʱˡ
޽һͩϵͳϲķ羰ϧڹлΣ̫վɢ
еƶʿ֮УѺϽ׾ٿϻֳһѺɡҶεͷ󳹵ʧƬռ䡣
ղ״̾ϢΣ˵ģϵͳԼһϣΪġ
ҡͷȥ¶̨ɢģղſڻԶõ廨ڳϿһӰ
üһǴء
ÿü΢΢һоڱעӣƼվڳǱϷСһ𱸵ߣĪһ顣
ӵʱ䣬ղɱǰ
ʱüͷ磽ˣԭΪỨѺһʱ׽ʵղԸԶпʡ֪ǲΪɳͬԷ߱ʡ
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63 
ǰΪʲôأʣղžƤЦⲻЦʣЦе̫Ƥˡ
ķò֪ȵľ˸¡
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սҪѵеѧսһʱ䶼Ǻ;Ĭȡ
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лֱ־Ķ͡
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ѪҺľԽһǿ˫ľϵ֪û⣬ʲôħӰղ裬̼ǰ˯ס

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ڲ֮ǰ˸ȼ֮ơ
һĻĲӾ磬֪ղ߻˵ЩʲôҲţ֮һĿܣ·
ʱͬգҵ˼ѾҪ࣬ΪƶгŬ
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ֻҪ峤ǿ󣬻һֱǿȥ
Ȼˣһסüķ˶Դлȥֵ
ָḧźɫĻıԵղ赱겻巣ôص»һħһֱڰλҪӲ˻ٿʼ
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Եûпһ
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һԿ϶ղ޷޺ЩйءǾûʲô˵ģܴɱɱ
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ǰǹڰеױ˻ȥһˣһ߱Լ˵Ѫ
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⣬ƶϳﲻǸ߼м͵ͼȻһϣǵıսֻᱬڶ֮䡣
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64 
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ϵھǻ谵޹ҹգʵΡ
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ڸոǿˣʱûаղϵùڽܣǾٷḻҲ뵽ʮǧ
ֻͷһֱɻлʽʲô©
վѵļ̳ǰо֮Ӿ硣ֻʱҰοԷղһģôǿİ֣ղͻɱȵڡ

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ղ˿һ׵ġ
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򱨵췢ֱִܿɣά˹Умֻ˱Ҫ֡
ɣά˹ûд򿪣ֱþһɨȷݡϵǰף⡣
ɣά˹һ顣
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ѡ̫࣬򲻺ðѿءǣڰԵй֮޲һ˶򽻵
ɣά˹΢΢ףƺѾƫ򣬿л߾ʦһѧҽʦͻеʦʹţݽΪһѧ
Ҫҵز١
ɸѡɣά˹ʱҪǿ
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ղʼջҽԺʴʵĽ
л߾ƽ˿ڿȣ֪𣿡
֪Ժ֪ˡ
л߾һۣǻ֪ͨҳͣһ˵Ҷ˽⣬ܾ
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ͳٲԤѡҲζȥǡ
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Һܰȫǵһ̤ղʬġ
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սϾͻȥ׼ɡл߾뵽ʲôȤ飬ֻȳȴûм̳мͼҸеľƣԺмͳͷ۵ġ
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65 
ԴĿղΪЩֻ򼸸棬ֵֵ֪ΣƩղƶ֪࣬ܲҲ˺
ֻղ費֪Լͬڱš
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ղɫҪһּۣһ档


ǼսǽʮߵһΣΪͻȻֵĳ涴ڵɱҪΧ
ֻҪǿн룬һ㲻ᱻ̫ԡ
٤۹սҲѡֱӺᴩжʮսΧݻǵȴ
һŵƽҲûʲôҶڸæԵ顣
еʦڸ㽨ģҽҽ飬ʦżм佻ϰֵƿ統µķֳٶѷɫڳ֡
쵽ˡҽǰÿСʱµʣ˵ΪһĽʵʹҪꡣ
ֻҪ˫ǼսкĻͻȥ
еʦעȫģϣԣǺ־ڱصõ˼ֻ»뽩֡
˵꣬۾ΣյУڴ
޶ǵĽѾǼҳ㷹еʦۼɱõѵȻȥսҪԶͬˡ
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߲Ƶýŵ̷ֱߵ˼ǰҪһ档
ɫ΢䣬ܿͷӦղĳʲô飬չֳľͲֻнǾ
ղôˣ
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ٶһ·쭵죬ֱӸһγһ·ͨ裬һǱ쭳ȥ
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죡
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ǰȺصĴѸٱƿܼҺ;ٵĽŲͣ棬ոջޱȵĹ˲˼ž
Ϥղٵ߲գŻûкϣСıȵʹĳ򡣡
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ղһͷ첲ץסһ֣һȥ֪ҪãĿףҪҪƴ

Ȼף㱣֤
ʶɢǰղͻȻϤɣټɣټɣټɡ
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ķղסһ¥ղ֮ǰ˵ѡ񣬼ѡǸװޡ
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֪ΪղиǰݼڣԼԶղľٶʾ϶Ȼʼָ
ʱһζаºյһ飬֮ĸ룬ûгɹղȡ
̯һֻֽ֣į
˸į


66 
ʵȫļį
ָ֪ܴл١
ѵϣ׻ųںһֻɱͬΪ壬Աղɻİãչʾʲôߵ۷硣
԰׻ս˿϶ûǰֻѾӽˮƽ
Ļеѵ𣬸ող͹첲ϰʱȻʣΪʲôҪ
һ˨ظ˸л߾Ĵ𰸡
û˵ѣһ۾ܿڼûκαװ˵ΪղҪչʱʵźл߾һ΢΢Ĵ㵡
˫˫꣬˵ͷúܣͨ͹ĻƵղսһ˽⣬Ϲϵ
˾ղܴͳӰ죬ǳڳİһ۹˾ɫ룬⺢ӵǲе⣿
ղ磬ľҲЩиеǷȱҪһɿĶѻܸоԱսڴݡ
ղ豾һģɳĮܿϻȡʬ壬Ͳȥƴܶ
иԣϺ⣬ͺܺá
Ƴۼܺã߼Ǣˡ
ڸ׵۷֮ǰָ˿ʼԷʽϵϸ΢ƫ

һһȥʱʵ࣬ʱʱҪӦ޳ڼݻع٤۹ȻһνŹ
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ϰһЩµ顣
ʼֻżϾʱἸö֮ϰߡƽʱôϲ˽ҲûǵѧУָγǱʦڿΡ
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ΪҪȥþòܵȵӦϵһͬǣϹϵ٤۹ҲԸǢ̸뷨
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ʱ룬߲յĲһδ򿪣һ˫ϸִΰסԵһӰ

ղ˼ΣһĽ࣬վŽŲڵ̺ϣСĲȵĳ˼ֵ˻ȥ߲յıԵ߲ͣպ档
Ա߸һԺʳߴ·Ьϴ·ͳƲղ輸ǻججػ·
·ǹܼǰ׼õģǱҹ棬ΪȷһʱȡСϢ
Щ˿ȫס
һ֪ղ״̬ǻеޣ˼죬ڱ׵ˡ
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Ŀԣղ軹ûµ״̬л񣬰βŻָķ仡ϵͳ
е޾ҲĬһ£òǵһμʱһòдһ֡͡ġֻڳ͹ԳղͷصĻƱ³֣׵ļƽһȻ
֪ǲ˿ղٳһǿҵСһ˫Թ·ί
һڶ顣
ӣԺôȥˣ
ϵͳΪ֮ɡ
˿ôÿ޵ĳ࣬ǴӴ˲ٶ࿴һۡ
ղһĪ
ϵͳԭǡžͺáȷƽˣ뿪Ķ˿ˮǰ˳ְɡһ´̨ϵĻƿֵĽ
ű𼱻ƿܼҺͽһ¥ǵһʱ֡
ղ뿿߲ϣͷЩ賤ϸĽԣϰǣ¶һЩ΢Ц
ܼҺͽŲס
ǻĿڵĹͼҲѾˣղЦþò



67 
ϵͳû˵һ
һ˲Ļ˫۾״էһܰԹǵһʱп˶ղ
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̫òҲǸ⡣
ʱΧһղǰ棬ץסʱһѡ
ղֺܱʶսһ㡣
ղʣе𣿡
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ֵصĽڿղʱһǵһ
ûüСˣһѾ̾ԺУʲôΪʲôȥܵί
ֱĿУ·ʱղԭ򣬰ü
ҲþûԼˣڼܶʱղ趼ǲòߣȻ̫עĿִ
ȵȣֵĺɫһ¡
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شǼʱ䣬ࡣ
˵˯ࣿղ迴һֱ
мȥΡ
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·ѣһֻĺͻȻۿʪԻĨ۾
ղһѾûоĻֻӺڶԼޡ
ܼҵͣǻۺ͵
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ֻҪִܼУܿһɫ֣ղһȥҡҡͷС
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ղ軹׼һµʱͣ½Ųǰѵýȥųһͷޡ
޳ʱץһֻղ˯ǰѵֻҪǿ׳ܶࡣ
ԷޣղǰһģȻֱǦһ˳ȥ¡һ죬ѵݣ׹䣬һǧľ޿ӡ
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ղ豾˶һ¡
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˽еߺģ֮ദʱⲢࡣֻղļʱ⣬곤˺ܶ࣬ԷڸҪһɵĻһضʵС
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Ҫǵкܶ࣬һֱȵƽŻߡ

װ޷ķ䡣
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ˣõǰȥֱ
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ҪֱϢǰʮӷųȥһϯ۹ָϢգ˲ӿ̫ˣֱƽ̨̱
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ղ
ֱǰˡ

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ǵϽסְ


68 
ϴղڹҰΧʱʮ꣬ΪѪڶĶλʼʱ˯ûʱȥһ˽⡣
ղˣģҪһ˯ܵõĺôͱһɶ
ֱƽ̨Ͷߵ绰Ѿˣ˺޲ȥڿ顣
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㡪
ղһȭͷӹȥûɽɽһķѡ
ڵغ󣬽һɷĩ
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󣬴Ѫվ˵һɽһɽܸˡ
ղ豸ǰǵĵĻͱһˮĿ佱ˢȥ
ǡºðġȣ·֮ǰЪ˹ŭֻһΡ
ܼҵͷʾֱԽˡ
Сտֱע⵽
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кʦʾԼˡ
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69 
ղ軹ûȥϸ˵ġ֡ͿʿԶԶس˸ơ
ӦǼҪսѵղ˵ԵشһբԶϣʿͬʱٺˡ
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ڶôһ˿ѪżŵĴ򶷣ղ豻ͣҪѵҲҪôǿ
ƶѧϰƻҪȾѺʵʩ

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˵ĻȥֱָӴղͼȥ½ؾ»ء
ղͻȻ뵽ʲôҪȥǣ
ס
Ϊ򣬳ʱһֻʮսУǱǵսͣ
ٿаʱ䣬ǰȾٰ쿪ĻʽڸϹȥղ軹ǰ٤ǵѡ
ս˧ÿһ򶼾ƣǰĻһֻ۾ظһСղ̲סվȻ˺һ˼źա
սͳϢλһÿһλöǺλղһһʱѡһġ
ȥʱڸ֪ʶҪԸһ̵ܼսݺʱ޴ֱӵķʽʻȨ
Ȼͬ۽磬ȻɵһˣڼĽ̵ûв˽
Ҳǻṧؽһʦ
ѧϰѧûߵĻе֪ʶղ޸˯ˣٶּˡ
ȥӪˡ
ղһʱ˵
սĵղ費ޱ˵ôûŴһе츳
ǵĿƼˮƽ൱ߣҪ٤۹Ｘо߱еʦˮƽ
ˣóС
ղ´Ҫȥġ
˵꣬Ȼʶʲôòˣ
ۣʲôȤʻҺ٤λµķͬ
˵΢΢ƫͷ˵еԻб
ʲôղЩ͸Ŀ⡣
ǺӸ㻥ܰﵽġ
˵ţӪ3Sľ϶ˡ
ҲܾȻʱ֪ԷߣҲûпѹɤ˵ʲô˵ʲô
Ӫͣȳԡ
ղ軹ڰ̱ŵ״̬ǶȿȳǷûпŵļ⣬һ͸¶ʮı
Էеġ
ղòͣ˱ڼǵ鼮һĶһ߳ԡ
ǱȽ⣬ɵĻķϡԭ۹ͳΣдһԳʯԭ壬ȫɼɣͼ߸۹
34꣬Ѫս۹̨ʯԭ岻֪ȥ򣬽żֵһ¡
ʯԭ徹ȻĴһ۹
˵ĳֶص츳
ղ棺˵۹Ǹ½Ȩ
ʯԭ޵۹ۣŷĹС
ղ£ſ϶ᶯҡ۹ͳΣһ֣ﻹõѪս
֪ʲôʧЦ˵ʯԭֻҪһ˭Ըȥ£ҲΣʱʱһ½
еѪȣеӰʳղûϣֶһߣ˵һ¡
γ̫ûп׼
Ҫǣﶼò
ȥ٣пܻʱĽг
绹кôģǿһЩĽ

ʵɶñǻ硣
ǡ
սʿڼϣͻȻк˸Ϊ֮̽üͷˡ
Ѵ򽻵һ塣
ĳĳӽֱǻսʹóΪԴͬͬΪΣ˿ǶҲŵ㡮࡯˼һԵڲҲ˵ĵ͡
Ȼʵôᡣ
սƺһԵضûཱུ̫٣ĳսʿɫһڡ
һ򿪣ĸ߽֣һԽСӰ
ͳΣԵѪΪ棬νܾȫĳ谮
˹ƺִʲôҪ̫š
ҪסС£ͽ޽һʵľ
갴˰̫ѨƳսô˸ţбҪ𣿡
ЩҪƷרһսװǾú𣿴ʻʲô
ੲݵıԹԱߵһ飬ǳ壬̵ӺͶıô˷ָ
ͳսŵִֹͣ²ۣͳͷϾμͬһ飬ӹ̻һ¡
Ȼˣ˫һͬǰߡ
ͳʱѾڼǽ㹻ʱסҶСľݡ
˹ĸ߽Ц˵Ϲյûװ
ͳҲǸЦ滢˵룺ûܵҪסѵģûôҪ󡣡
˲ýǰߵĹУһҵĻ
ǰϰũæ
ͳ飬Ѿȥڸʲô
ûһʿظ˹ģרõ壬˵ǵСϰ糿һĶõ԰

ڷǸõ˷Ѿţûɣ
鷳һ¡
֮ǰפڼǵǽʿʹӽǶĺլ
һǽʿͣ˽Ųƴ𣿡
˹ʶ˾䣺ʲô
ݾǵı㣬ǧﹽ˹ǵ⡭ǽʿһһʳģӪʦǰΪղƵĲ˵ƷЩʳֻжŸͣĻñ棬ǵ˷ѺǵС²졣
˹ֱӾܾ
ǽʿ۱Żס꣺Щʲô
Լ˵˳ԵļƷƤ㣬衭
ɽ亣ζֻͨɽ亣ζǽʿҡͷԳĶ
һ̾ϢƮУٶȼž
壺
ô˳ñǻ̬

ô˳ñȳ廹
ջǶԶʳġ
ԭƻǵսͻᵽ˭ϰ;ΧˣҪƳټ졣
⼸УһЩμӻ飬רŲμС½ˣרʵķɴһѾ
û뵽Ѿ׵ֵزˡ
ֱ˲⡣
ȿȣС㣬ˡ
·ĸ߽Ųһ٣ȥڵģƨ£Ҳûô
ϲȭͷҥԣںݺݴһܺĿǰǵ֪ԭǶСµġ
µֳˣ壬ˡ
Ƕĳ谮Ƕһûеǻļ̳
˭̣
ãûǵ
֮£Ҳȥʳģඩһɴõ壬ǣǶլҲཨһӾء
죬֪СµķɴͿҪˣֿʼֹӦԮơ֪ӺʱղϲȺǻдһ׸裬ڲŴϳ
ĸڴ̨ϣ˵ͦġ
ĸ߽ʾ֭Ҳ಻һΪʵûʲôϸʱֻ綼谵޹⡣
ˣٱˣǶҪ


70 
ղ˻δͷһˡôС֪ǵļ̳λ̶ܳԶ档
Եûӣ岻һԺô˺ĲˬѾҪѹֵ˼¡Ϊ棬ΨһһղûеģǺ档
ԵǽʿӦԮƳʱҲȥսͣ֡
У߽ȻҪұ
겻Ψһˣ˳֡
иСϢ˵ǵļ̳Ǵ٤۹ġ
ô£ǰǺ٤ڱݣΪҪʲô˲õս
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սǰиٸ壬ղӲλֱϵðȫƳüͷһ£ѿʵôˣ
вˡ
һɨҲˣս״̬֤ƲΣ
һ壬սٶ͸ղҲע⵽ɽ˺
ʲô
ÿֻҪս˳ӿʢ
ܲڻΪң
һ飬ղΪûܡԼų˯ѣȥܰ֡
Ųӣս̤£ǰ棬߸ղ裬ұǼʱղزЩһ˲ȫڳԼ£
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ͣղһЩıܺãϸȳһĻƿᱡ飬ĵı
һָ̻˹еһƬž
ӦԮƵǽʿ˲ŵĸղֱûпϣʱδ꾹ȻƷ
Բ֪ۡ˭Ϊµĸ̾С˾໰
ղ豻ĪȵȻǳԼ˻˻֣ǵĽʿǺòײŻعæ
ղǵͬʱһɨЩʧûȺпǰѡ
аֿһ飬ĿӹÿһĴ󲿷˶һС
˶࣬ȫѣ۹Ȼȥٴ
ղ˵ͷ̫࣬ǰߵ·챻ˡ
㲻ģɫͷų֣ܵ棬ΧֵԶɢˡ
ղмڳĿյǰʱأˮԣˮûôȻȻ㡣
㣬һЩҵҲҸƷᱻ
ΪĲ˼鰸ղ첽ǰߡڳ˯ǰѾԻշ磬κοҪȾѵԭֿʼЩȶ
Եһ¡
ղعͷһ췢Լ֣̺øжȱǡ
кǳ꣺ãҽ
ע⵽һԼռָϵļ£üͼˣǼҿĿʯ̣ôȥˣ
ΪȻ֪٤Ļ飬̲³ݡ
ûлشô
ܴϵ䴫ţƲղ٤ʱ˫ӦùϵԽ̵Ҳʲôܣһμ̵ꡣ
ԸһЩȤζСѺҸһʡ
ԷһԼЦۡ
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Цˡ
ղ򴽣Ϲ˵ʲôʵء
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׵е˶Ӽۣǵһǵ棬ʵȷʵǿ
ԸЩӣݶȻ˵Ҳˡ˰֣ʾⲻҪִˣͬʱ˵ûеһʱͬ´кҵֱӦòôӹ̡
㵹û˵
֪ǲղĴܾó˶ԼĿⲻ̫ãҲ˵ƣǺЩԹ
֪ںʲôգۣ꣬ħħ
ʲôħħ
ղһͷˮ˽ͳҲˡ
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һǽʿרΪ׼ģһǧƽ
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ǺܺãаδҺܶ¡뵱ڸ»һǧƽĺլ֮ȣѾǷǳء
ʵʽʿǺ޲Ūһһƽģǵ̫󰲱СֱȽأѡһ͵
ղڣе˶ܸˡ
ղ̲סרűǿǵúܵ
˵ͷ֮һ϶
ǽʿ̱ʲôɷ

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ˣ
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ڸʲôΪһһǧƽ׵ĺլٿڼԼô᣿
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ղ迴һڸߴľĺլס
ͷ
ղ̾ĳ谮Ȼס
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ٶϤģ̫ˡ
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ۣ۹ʢ鲿һû˯š
ղֻε򡯣ʼǶԷجΡ
Ӱܴ󡣡ʱˮЦ˵ǿլʱһʲôʱôˣ
ǸŮ͵Ԫһ𸽺ŵͷʾһ¡
Ϊļ֤ˣҲǷĵΪ̶Ѿܵ͵ˡЩ֤ղĻз
ڳоһָо羿ûˣ
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˵˵Ц˺լ
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Ȼû˵ǿȥýȥһݻ
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Χղ裬Щ껹Σ㲻Ͼñطꡣ
˴Ӱһֱĵڡ
ͷǳḻڳʲôζ٤ûջ϶͵Ĺƿ˺üƿ
ղ˵ףƴʣڣһڡˡСӡ
۰֣ˡ
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ţ
𿧷ȱں֮ǰ˵ɣά˹ˡ
ԭ٤۹ǵڶųӣ֪Ϊɣά˹ʱ⣬ѡһˡ


71 
ɣά˹
ղ˼Ҳȥ
涴ǰǺ٤ǻϹϵһˢúøжȡ
һˣԺҪ档
ղԲȥɣά˹Ҫȥһˡ
ղ裺ǵôʺá
ͷ뿪
ʮ㣬ղר˴ʱ´
ĿǰԼʮг۹ܵ쵼˵Ķ򵥣ȥѹȸһһǿҡ
Ҳڴǡ
ղվߣͬòͬ˿뵽֡
ͳĿղϣҲ֪ʲôƬ̺ջߣڡ
ղע⵽ڳµͬ˲٣ҵȨҲһˡ
ܴһǧƽķӿˣէһȥȻӵĸо
ɣά˹λϣл߾Ҳڡ
ղ൱Ȼشк
ĻڱǼ⣬ѵõƽľоɣά˹һ۱㿴ûнȾѽ׶ΣӦҲˡ
ڳмֱ仯սʱЩȨԳûȥͣ㿴֡ûɥʧһԷյĿռʱԻķӦ߻һۣ̾ѹֱôţԼҪô󱦱԰ľҲһЩ
֪ĸ۹˺ѵ˵˾䣺ҲиŮʶһ¡
ԷЦҲʲô⡣
ղһֺܺƿصĸоòУɢһĸоŵ˵ֻôһĹѾһԾΪڶTop 1
Щ֣һֱĿϼʱղԷ˺ܶ࣬һ̧ü¡
Ա߿׳üĿʣˣ
洫ͳٴҲûɻ䡣
þӸλ߶ϲ˵˴ϣڽѵǰɣά˹һɨ׳ֱˡ
εĻǣߴţͳȻλ˫ֽ棬úֱղĸол߾ơ
ֱɡڿǰλõȫǶͳЦЦ꣬涴ȨһȷĹ
;ͣһ£һɨ˵
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ǰмЦһƣҳû˲ʲôĵĴ
ͳ־ʾ˵꣺ûбμӵģɳȻֻҪ޶䣬ΪҲԲ
ҲһСҪٸʮ꣬˵ķݣ
ͳЦݳ¡
仰ͳʼѯ˿
ԭȨȱ̬ʼ磺û
ô㣬ǺͳͲռˣ˵ٸʮ꣬ͳа壬ڻšһλ
ԭȨڳΨһצС̵ˣŹ֡
ղڰֽһ̧ײϣΪҲҪԣƹȥ˵㡣
ԭȨҡҡͷɢζʵΪ塣
Ǻͳһֻеĳض䣬ʾ츳
˵׾ղľͣ˭ожǿ
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ǺͳڳΨûдģҪֻԼҵ
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ÿɳһ֧ӣ޶һˣÿѡֻޱװãвʱװûԶҲζ̭֡
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صţ󹫲
ʱ䣬Ҫ׼װá
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Ϊսѡ˸־ڱصõĹâ
ͬĶԱҲʣµʮС
ԼʵҪ٤۹ɣά˹ֱӶεѡеԪĺ١
л߾û˵ʿĻֻ¾赭дһ򼶱ֱ۹һ׷ʤԸǲ
л߾뿪۰װͼ飬ϱ߿ٵض˵Ҫǿķ롣
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ʱԪĲŴϢѹ»ع˵ǾͻǰһͶι壿
Ϥһսԣ㲻ѡ񣬿ǵղƵᵽ˯꣬ΪԪϤķ롣
˭֪ղֱҡͷʱˡ
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˶ڵſЦԵ˵ʴȾǶԼĲ̡
ղһ̫ðɣʱִ̫١
վôи̡
ų壬Ƴۺɻ˵ǵ޵𣿡
ղƤһ뵽Ĳǰʱ飬ǸǰյǣûҶҿһ޵ĳ
϶ǸƵʳ顣
ʱ̲ҪֻҪƵʸϣЧһġ
ɻӣûó

٣ڴи⡣
ղǰһиĳ˵ˡ
٣ֻۡ
һ򻰲ĵԪףһѾô죿
ҡͷᣬ״Ϳȥһ
õӣҪղͷʦҪʵӳ֡
´Уûˡ
Ԫĸսԣǵʱ̽·͵Ϯӳسղ׼ʱˡ
ƽز䣺ЩҪ̫֡
ղ룺˾ͳ鲻ԣЩ˿Ƿ顭˵ŴͨѶ﷭һ˵Ƭ˵ǰɣ󣿡
ֵ˳Ĭˡ


72 
ͨѶͻȻһ£۰ܱʮŷǵȫˡ
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ȼ޸սɱΪĿģ𳡶ڷҪȻǺʡξǻѡ˵ٽķǶֻ
ղ̾ҿʼЩɳĮͱѩˡ
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Ҫ̭֡
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¹һͼ󣬻𽥱ɣһ䣺ǰǿιǿ飬˫¡
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ղ裺ǶƽС׻
˵Ŵ˸ָɻƯڰУʱԴȫͷţаһ̼ʧȥս⡣
䡣Ԫĸ϶
ǿƽȥ
⻭棬Ǹ˶
Ͼͬǲþ۽㷵뿪
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ղպõͬʱԤ룺ƶսԿܱȽס
û̫⣬ԷڷǴ츽ѧµĶԿҲܸסԸ˹Чͺá
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ղȻӮ֮飺ֻʣҺ͡
õģһ٤۹û
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󣬱صʽֻղ֮ǰйעŷǣǡ
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ʮѡֵˡ
ͱٲ˿ĻʽѡҪһ볡ʽղһʽһ£ί볡ʱһμӱɡ
˿̸ѡ־볡Ѫڵİ࣬ĺΰԶԶʮУ
˵Ավڸ̨Ͻѡֱַĸͬʱһ޴ĻڹԱĽܡ
ԱǣȫϢģ⾺һӵСǼͷΡ
һйͷε飬ղͷЩе׶ͷãܾμӿĻʽԵɡ
Ȼʣͷʲô
ղҲлеף츳϶ҲһͷΡ
ʲôͷΡ
һʣ״ģҪҪֱȥ٤ˡ
ղ֪ڴʲô⣬û˵˵ɣά˹³˲¹ͷǼС£Ҳøۡ
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ղĬ룺˵ˣЦ
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ղ˿С˵˼֣бк
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ƭӣ˵õĲЦأ
쵽ˡЦһ䡣
ղ費μӿĻ볡ʽӦģҪΪѡִ̨ԡ
ⳡǼΪĲȻһʢ£ֱղǣΨ볡˵ȥ
ͳ˵ǣʵղ赱ѡַˣڲ֤ͬⳡģԵô˾ڿѹ
ʱԱҲ׼
ղҪߵʱ򣬽˵Ա΢Цǵѡִԡ
糱ղקƽ½ǣĴݵسȥ
վڸ̨ϣ˷磬ʻΣ˷Ŀ˲䶼һϡ
˵ģݰƽվȵ£㹻˳ޡ
߳û˼գ׼ºصα
ҪмΪṩչʾҵ̨
ղϣûвһ٣αΪһҲҪ໥ޡǰ٤۹ѧһʱ䣬ʱҾ˵һ仰С
Ҳϣλܱһ˴ҪҲȥ
ȫһƬȻ
ǸջصλµĵԪЩһ
ղ跢ȫûһϻһ¾ǸлҳǣһָԺĺۿ϶˵ԼģΪרǿһ¡λ
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Ȩ˼תͳǺ˵ʲô뿪һˡ
ĻʽĻ죬֮˵Աعһѡֵľ֣ѡֱ㱻̡
ʣµû뿪λԺ󾺼ʵʱת档
ղֱۣͬһս
ԷһսС
һսԱɷºǼޱװãֻҪܰѱϵıװøʹ̭һѡ֡
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װ˿ݡ
ֻղ΢΢鴤ͼ״̬ܵʵ̫˵ˡ
ûпѹŹ֣Ҳ֪ǶԼ̳˵ǲȡʲô룬Ȼôһµӡ
һѡֳͬգۣЦ˵һ඼Բá
ͬʼ磺ⲻã
˫һЦû˵
սֻż˽󲿷ѡֿʼĿ״̬αʱʲôʱֻʣһʲôʱδ컹еð
տֱĸ쵼ߵ̫ãίⶨһԽϽķǣСʱھܵ
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ղ賤üһϼƻһֻۣȵһʱ䡣
ͻȻЦеôƣ̣
ղλǰ´ǣ䷢Էθ
˵ͬʱץʱװۼƳлѪĸҩʣʲô
ղЦһ£°ѱؿռûʲô
ۡ
ִʱĵ㣬߿ɼȺܵͣŴԱһƣսŴ򿪣ղɸ߿䡣
ʣʮɵʱܼ˻ֱ֪Ѿʼ
ղһͷ˸ģƽ½ﶪ˿׼õǡ

ĻʵʱֱΪһȥˣͷĿǰ۽ղϡ˿ҡͷֱȥȼ١
û˽²䣬ղ鷳һƽչϮ
;޴ٶȴɿ졣
ղͷҲأǸûһǰߡ
ֳĺɻҶӵٶȱ߻죬δӦʱ򣬵ɡ
ɻʵһõ˳ˡ
ӶóͨѶղ⧲ģ㡣
һҮ󷽾ĻҶʶŻ꣬ڵһĺա
߰ɡղպͨѶ
ƺҪѰһû˼
һ·ղָֻ룬һĶǾ
ۣ
죬ƬԵС

ղ費֪ƣĿ佱У֪ı廹ǽʧҡ
տֱĹڲں;ĻǶһо档
û뵽Ҳб˵󲿷־Ը񡣡
Ƶղ侫ȫͣһɢһҰ
٤۹˾ڸǺˮûһۡ
ͣûһֿܣղ;˵ʱһģ


73 
һ߾СʱͨѶûźţãϵϼǡ
ﶾĲ١
֩붼ڵ׷ᣬҪӶģղһŲȥ̾˿žҵѪģ
ԼɱδڶˣƵʡ
ղࡣҪ鹦ĻԼҪȾѵʵѪϢ˵ȷʵǳ
ֽ˼ֻΧǺзӹһֻӥղͣ½ŲֻۣȻû˳˭ľ塣
ʱӿٶȣղҪҵһϳĵط˵ϡ٣ûУؼʱúҲһ·
첻Ը̲ӥ֮һֻи߶ԵͣԸоϾĲڷղ̵ͷ
ղüȷЩ岻ǳ̽·ѰضĿꡭԼ
Ϊʲôᶢţ
αдƣѡ̭Ŀ꣬ѡӦҲʵǿһŶӡ
һ޼ʣղһһþ̽ʱûзޣҵ˲֮͡
˵ʱʱ죬ղ͵תб󷽡
ͬһʱ䣬ذղĸ첲ڴл·Ϊܼʱû˼Ƥ
岻֪ΪηӦ˰ģǱסˣﻹиոմʱİԵղǱؿϡ
ɻʱһƣҲȥòһ
ϡгֵһͷҵͷżֳŪеĻ
λҲ½߳䵥ġ
ղϻ֣̿ʵֹˮǰһֱ٣ȴһչϵǰʱȨ߶ԴֺƵ̬ȣʱʲô
ȻֳʱһͷӴһסһ
͵Ϯɫһ䣺ģߣ
ոջƱˣתܵñӶ졣
ղ΢΢ͷû´Ӣ۾Ŷˣ뵽ôһ
ò˵ΧúرǱӷɱߣһһԵݡ
û°ɣһػʵ
ղҲʣû°ɣǶû°ɣ
ŶҲ棿
ԷɺܺҽһŮиʦӳͬʱҲͳĶӣһԱԶ
룺˵ľаãǿȴ顣
ĿһֱͣղϣԱߵԶüʦһˣͳʱѡĿĲԶԭԼֻҪһѡ
ղʱԶЩãǿѹסˡ
ղûоܾװģѯôҲƬ

ޡ
ڿֱĲĬĬͳһڡ
Ϊʲô
֯ģ϶Ͷѡʱ⽫ǵľ
˳ȥ֪ηӦ
л߾Ψ²ң۹ôԸȻϣղߵһװ˵Ե
аһ֯Ԥı
ͳ֮һЦ˵ʲôĿĴɾС
Ǻã³çʲô˼һղҲˣ͸ʡˡ
һ
һˣˡ
ͳüǵô߶߶ģ
ʵУһȺħ䵱֣һݡ
ͬϻһˣ˽ղ裬ġ

룬ղֻɡ
⣬Ц˵ҲίƫģҲˣҲԵ֡
δʲôΪһº͵ľģ˵ԴøС
ղ費ϲˣ˫ƹ¸ʵʢ˫ۡ
ȴʱļƺϵƣ̭ѡ֣߷Σ
ղ赱ȻõΪ㹻ףϾԷ˻㣬ս淢Ӳ̫ô
㻨Ѿ㹻
սĵһ죬ղʱеĶǹԷݸ߹취˸㵽֡
һϴζ
˼û֣Цøº͡
ղ費ɫܿ˫צӡ
ÿһСȻֻ·ʱż᲻Сĺղ衮硯һ¡
Сı֦šѡ
Զղ裬꾫
ĲղǰһֱѵûҵҪ߻ˮȥҼǣӭײһѡ
һȶ꼾ˮо綾Դ޲ࡣΪֹԾ񾭱ؽȾսǳ衣
ջ˷ղϵעüɱûãװ׵ʱ䡣
ղ޲öֻѡֵʵ
һȺ޷𸩳ղ˵վȥ
֪ʲôʱô֣ܴ˵顣ûע⵽ǣԶһԹ
һߡ
һûмſʼ̭Ѱղ䡣
Ԫҡͷô֣û׷з֡
ѵ㡣
ղսԣԻ޵һ·ؼʱ÷޸ŸΪǿѡ֡
ˣ޵ѵҪ׺ܶࡣ
ˮԴӡȶǷ̽
ܸоĵģԷȻʲôû˵һ·úܿ죬Ȱղ϶Ա
ֵΣ̫࣬С飬鷳ˡ
ղձ˵ľҪ֫ӴûĸɵӻԹվԭġ

ĿǰԼжʮֻޣ׼룬˳Ҫץסղˡ
ղ˵ñ졣
͸˾һÿοһƤƫƫԷĶȻҲ֣˱ܻڵ˺ĳ̶ȡ
ڽڶУȫǲݵɱǵٶҲ޿죬ڰһݻеֱӴ޵һ
ѪɽʱһߣһϵеĶˮһͿ
бղ裬ȴֶԷæŶ޵ͬʱ֪Ϊοʼӡ
ϵĿ⣬ղ̧ͷЦһ£ҵ˼ǿĺܣԼҪ̴ɧſ
һֻֻ£ղȫɧλûκγ˼֧˼û͵ϮѾǵߡ
ʮӺһֻڸʦС
ˡһȳѪҺҪһСϪ
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һɱʧܺԶԥٴγ֡
͵Ϯ˶ûϵġ
ԶԼȫֻòþͬʱӺ͵Ϯ
ղ跴ǰһֻİ׻һ˵ԶԶ˺ۣ͵ش˸վ
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ҲǸݼɣһȻ¶Ȼı飺ǰҴġ
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ǡ
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ʵθողžһսûüָģռˡ
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ذ£໮һ룬װñ
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͸ֱľͷղΪĵĵطһѸ͵ľ籩ɣά˹˵ղڲáʽĳ˹УԼþˡ


74 
ڿֱĹڶǾ˵ģˣҲסοֳѡǡ
ղÿһ͸¶Ŵе˿̷лΪķߣʱԼѪӺҽĹԲۣڿȥ
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Իһתƽл졣
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ղ赱ȻΪһԼǼʷͥӸҪŪ飬
մӻʶģصͷ
ͺáղɭһҷҰҳϣͳĶӣһɱ


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75 
ΪԵղ裬ھеĴ󣬳ɹȹȾѣֻĿǰ״̬ǡ
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籩ֹͣѪζ鷳ǰ˵ȥҸطϢ
ԶһĻгղǰݹľϣֻֻҪ룬ƺҲ˲ʶ϶Է
սһңԱõ̧
ԶҲ类׻ץ˵ĵطԿѪȾĹͷ˿۾գؿǰɻʣҲ𣿡
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ܻѡλãݸǵΣ渲˴ҶƬ

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76 
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˵Աüʱö֪﷢飬ܿͻд𰸡
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ʱԪ뿪Źȥ˲һӣӰ磬ȥ׽ˣǷԭ·ء

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ûκγɣղֱ֣סѡֵĲһƳļޱװãֵֺ󣬿ٿһۡ
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Խأ״̬ҲԽѧУʱǱһǳѣǧѡѧܲסҹʶȥˣοڡ
ǰսһ֣̺ŵĶòѡֻǾ壬ʶһƣ״̬
ղǳϢľ˵Ĵ绯ꡣ
ԪĺͷһҪôɣ
ղףϾһֱ͵ǲԵġ
Ѿ̷ʡˡ

ղų壺һ¡
˵һʱٶȱһŮɢĿĺɻʧȡ֮ƴСĻ䡣
ǧСҹƮɢ̫ˣϵ¹⻹ҪᱡκʶҹһʲôǱҹ
ɢúܿܿζһƮɢȥɽԣҵ˵һĿꡣһɢڻУڵʨëһȥ
ҹĶԱһûϣȥѲߺܳͷʨǳ¶ѵľ壬Կ˯úܲ״¾߶䱸͸
һ㣬ԼѵüͷڽɿоʲôϢһΡ
ľ岽һޣʨӵ˫۸ûսʱľ񣬸һֱܡ
ĳܿ쿪ʼڲͬĵطݡ
ٽϵӥ߷ɣɽڵĴɽ״򶴣ԶĻŵĲǲԼͬһȥ
ټǣǼҪԶ
ںҹУڸ߿յսҲһĻиսЩеıѡ֣޲һȹȥ
˯˯˯۾嶼͵ˣ
ԭҲһٶѡ֣ԼмʮֻӲͬطʼ£˿ۡ
ղ͵ò̫֣ҲһƮ仨ֻ嶼ٻɡ
Բǧڣû飬ղĵþסƬѶо⡣
ԪĲҴ⣬һֱϣֹг֮ͱ
ȳֵһֻСèղǰһǡ
Ⱦĺô˳ľղʱڱ۳ľ壬һѹǡ
Ԫһ䣺͵ˡ
֪ɹԺܴ󣬵ۿһ¡
ûипʵ⣺һЩѹ׵塣
ѡֱشʵʣܵвֻ̼ѡ
ղ˵úʵڣµĻһֱţܵǿҵԸҲȷܿסá
ƺƻҪ˵ᰴס첲ѵ˿ڡ
ղſ˰׻ϣ룬ҴȥԶȦӣѰҿ޵ĵطһо䱩꣬ùͬĵìܡ
ԪƤһŷɥ޵ȻһשҪᡣ
ײ䣺ͬ鲻ͬѡ񡣡
̭ʵˣû˾壬ʵһ룬õʱĶ鼴ûо壬ΪɲöԸҪ취
ղ貹һ䣺мȰĶ飬Ǿ͵ˣ˵ݵ㣬Ȱ˺Ʊ
ƻĲ࣬ղһۣߵͷھͳ
õԪİб㣬ߵԽԶԽá
ɱʱ򣬾㾫æһʱϲ
ղкǰͷ
׻βɨģղ軻Щ
ղԲԲԴˡ
ȥ°һҪı·СģҪǿ
ղ裺˵߳Ƭ֡
һֱߵǵľͷ
ԽԶԸӵ
͵ȥΰɡԴ˵ǻЩķ羰Կ
֮ǰͼ˽⵽رֱ߽м⡣
ղ´ˡ
ɻƯڵͿգųȺӵľ塣
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ٳɣղرͷɤ˵˾䣺ټ
ټ
Ŀղ뿪ҹɫ£һ˺һȺʧ
Уڼһеս
ίҪվңڻعλҪȥʲô
Ա߹Ա¿ˮС⡣

ίҪ˺Ӷòҿȥļ⣡
ֱ֣Ǻ֡
ԱСѣ
û˵;ܳȥεġ



78 
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ǰǧСʧʱϢѡ¶񾲵Цݡ
˼˿εöǵڶϸɵǺ٤۹ľ֡
ɽԣҹ׼ж࣬վ˺Ȼԭأȷؿĳ򡣽ɫһ䣬һǱ̬˼ף˳һߵϡ
һţıܷӦöѻû۾
һӺˣǰӦʱ֧ɱۣ˴ˣֻڳʱΪЩ᲻صˡ
Ͱ׻ǰлζ˼㡣
ӡ
ѡֿ۶ʱ̲סһ
ǰô£٤۹ѡ־Ȼ
һһأ˫ƶӺѱ׼ѡԾڼֿǹͼĶˣһ̭˶Է
Ȼᣬ۳ϣǿ谭һݡ
һڰеӵѡֳһ㹻¡
ڸзϻξһһ
ûо壬ֻһһˣͬӺܷӵޡ
˵ʱ֣ɱһ䲻⡣
ؼʱ̣һԱͻȻɤӽ

ӳûסһƣиƨ
͵ϮʱУǱ
Ҿ岻ˡѡܵ˾ţѾٻΣǱһòӦ
һ˵ͬһѡҲ˴סҵҲûˡ
־㤣һǻûࡣ
һ̣Ĳ㱻ʿˡ
׻ʱ飬ѡֵͷѪϴӼצγɵĹװñɲǣΪʧѪ൹¡
Ƿѡ̫أսֱҪ⻨ʱ䡣
ҵľ壬ҵľ塭ʶҪʧʱڿлš
ˡԱͷۣһ˵Ѫø졣
ҽǲǷˣҵġ
ٱˡԱѾˡ

̭һ֧󣬼ӦδͣȥѰҽˡ
ٳһСʱڷֽѡֵλúȴżɽʣҪҪ̸һ
ûǰһξ뾯ʣʲô
ƿӪҺͬʱ˵ļƻ
ıʾǿ²ˡ
ǰ͵ʱղͨɢḶָ́˼֮ٷֿжһĶֱӳ֣ǿԹղסľ̸С
ǰٲɵرˡ
³۹öΧöﲼ˷ߣɱһʱŪ˵㶯˲ϢĹ򣬱㱻³۹ѡְΧ
Цž˫֣û⡣
³۹ѡȻĹǰǲ˹ղ衣
٣æһصΣ
һ仰ֱӸ˸ˣǲ⣬Ļֱɫࡣ
ǻҪĻ
壿
ͼٻ»ˣͫ׵𡭡ʲô
΢Ц屻ɢĺʲôҶղҴֻҪǹһ㣬Ҳһ㡣
ղû˵仰ܴɢ˵ľ塣ŻƤȷʵãղ˭ͳĶӣ޷͵ˡɥĲܸɳ
˿̼³۹ʡ˻ɵḶ́Ҳֻղ͵塣


ҸϣҪӡ
ͬһƬ¹£ղڻϣָżϵĻᡣ
һ˼پƵģ롣
ɾº͵Ϣǣ㰲űĻ궼ˣﻹüĺ
ڼ˸ˣһͷʨй˲ѣϧܿͱɻסˡ
ֱ˻һֱ棬ղһȺʵߵ÷ǳ졣ɱŷɽԽ룬ղ軹ʱͶιһЩֹˡ
߷ǰʱϢƬ̡
˻ĵشѡַӵ̨Ϊ˸ղ裬ί᲻òһܸɽˮΪһ·ķ羰̫࣬˻˸ʾռҪ㡣
ղᶨűнʱʱͷһԵĵͼ
Ըϱǰִܹ
ǻָǣߵ߽粻֪Ҫʱá
սϣίԱھܵؼ⡣
ʮСʱʮӡ
ĿǰٶȺʣһֱ·ͣЪĻԼʱ䡣
ίḺһǲ׼Ҫ𣿡
Ա٤۹ѡʵʱ

ڳûף漰ʱͬѡν±ˮΡ
Ϣһҹڹȥ
̫ԶǴ˶ٹ΢΢ʱʵʱѾˣһϵѡ˾
ûӵһ̫ëȻ鷢ˣأôһأ
ȲҪ˶Z804ѡ˵Ǵ⣬ͻᱻȡ
οѾ˻Ŀꡣ
ΪѡֵĽǸУίԭƻٿŻԤƣǸʱ̭һˣһ㡣
ĿǰƣѹûҪڵĹԱһťѡֵʾ
Ŀǰ٤۹ǲеһ֤û
Ķʧ˳ɺʹйء
侲侲
û˾һѡ֣Ҫ쳹ɽ֡
˭˭͵ӵľ壿
Z804ѡüģֺܷУ϶ǽˡǿɵĻشڣ±¶λá
ֻΪʲôҪ˵͵
Z804ѡۣǺΨһλģߣȥǡ
ֿɢҵĺ췢ڰУ˭ڹУҳŵˡ
һ㣬λڿʼ֣ĳͷƷɻϵĲ
ҲڳԴؿ׼ȥոһͷ
ͬһʱϹȥѡֲ١
ԱĽȴ˿ŭȴһ˫ۣϣŵԡ
Ȼ嶵£Ű׻ӽǿ˸ԶϵһغZ804ѡ֡
׻м·Ⱥͣ½Ų
Ϊ㻹ɷѿġ
ˣЩĥ͸Է˼ӦòֱŶԡ
ɱһɡվֱ壺̭󲿷ˡ
غZ804ѡֶһۣݳĬһӺ󣬻³һá֡
Źȥһ죬۶̫࣬Ѿоƣ
ѡһüûĻҾͼ
ǻλʲôܣҪ֪䣬Щѡֿ϶ܿҹ
˶ݵĺϵصĶӳʣڿ˵˵ˣʧٵľ屻ȥ
ѡɫһ䣺Ҳܺߡ
ݺݵ˼һۣݶλҵľһ·򱱡

ʲô
뵽һֿܣɫѿϳڱߣǵľ嶪
ղ衣֮䶼͸¶ź⡣
͵ղͼѾеĹʶ¾ھɵġ
ڸոսĺϵǰЦݱ䣺ӦøлŶԡ
ղˣŻѡⳡȻһܺõԳĥһʵս飬˳Щˡ
ӲУ˾Ȼ˵˾乫侲㡣ҪԾ֣Ͷˡ
⣬϶ио
ûô˵Z804ѡֺɱ֣ʲô͵ȥ𣿡
ţȥˡ
ӵ⧲ûκγǵһʵ
Χáڶҡ
Z804ѡֶҪ˺ˣŭЦʣ߳ޣʲôֵεģ
⡣


79 
Z804ѡֲ֪Լڵɫһܡÿ
ڰԼɵӺ
Դ˺ܵȻղһ£ʲô
ȻߵԽԶԽȫ
һ仰Z804ѡƤ鴤ò˵쵫Īеղͨı£Ҳָӱ˵ľܡ
ҲȥǼе٣Z804ѡĿһʳĵһ㣺ºȷǲþвͶ
ͣڡ
ĩԶһ˵ȻֱһһҪЮУʲô
ͱʤ֮䣬Ǹ˶ѡǰߡ
ʵ˲ԱƱҲᣬ̼ѣǾԵģֻҪɢΧش
ղһӲ֣뻹ǺݲģԼѡøºһķʽ
ˡѡͻȻ˵
εĲ֮ǴģӸǣûüϣˣ
Ľأһ£ƽ֡
һϲˮա
ȼٵģºǸĺô㹻࣬ҿԿ˳
Ϊ˵ȼֻջһھ°͵ı飬ȻڳûһзӦ
Ȥƫͷʣˣղأ
ȥˡ

δͣûԭʧһ㡣
ƺҲоʲôغZ804ѡҲȺĬҪȳֵ顣
г͸ӷճԵúܻãûԱӰҲ˸طܡ
Ӻ󣬵һùʽš
еҪ֪䣬ֹԼ˶˾壬ѡҲһ£ֱ̫ӱ
ʵ֧鵱ͷһ̤Ƭ˲䣬̱Χס
ǼˣʱǾԵɱУⳡսһҪսپӰġƻ
֧Χһ֪
һ˦ģ˵˻ƽ֣Ҳû
Ѫŷ˲䣬ûпֵѡ֣Ĳ룺ղȥ
ϵѪ˼ýѡȥ㡣һСʱֳȥ֧顣ÿλһûֹ̲֣˻ͨ쳣
ǾͲҶ̣
ɱһߡ

Ǽǰʮ׵ĽҪΪ˷񣬲ڴ˵ֻںһ

ղٶȱίԤƵĻܶࡣ
Խǽӽ߽һоԽɻɢžĵζһ·ϮĶﶼûмֻ
棬ΧïܵĹ֣ղھȻĴг
Ƭ̣üͷȻһ֪ǲΪ˵ԵʣղܾƬָĸоЩ֡˵Σգܻôһ˲䣬ƺƬЩ鸡
ȥʱȷûκβס
ղʱѹµģĬĬ߾ǰ

ָоֻһ
Ưս޴˶·û˻ȥİȫ⣬黹ѰҾ;С
иĺݵ˼·һΪд±ȻֹͣԱҾ壬ڰ;Χ顣
׷ӣֱĴǻҺɱһֱڣ˸еӡ
ѡֶ֮һʱеĹ㲥ٴ
λѡע⣬ͶŵڶҲһӦιͶɫӦںҺɫӦʮߣɫӦһ¡
ӦͶʱ䣺
¿ԶĨ˺ۼʺϸɱ㿪ʼίʮ֪ͨͶĵ򣬸ݲѡж˼ʱ䡣
еģ׷ͬһطϡ

˵Աֻ˵ڵȵ㡣
ǰ֮벩ûʲô̫Ľ˵ֵѡϺ󣬻һ·ɱ
տʼܴ̼ţ˵ԱӵزࡣղԱȣڵĹעƫ
ռ
ǺͨѶĳЧȻ
ղͬרҵβż˻չʾԼĽĵҲȷʵƷʱڵۡ
ǿЩ˵ԱƤЦⲻЦԺӦ϶൱ҡ
ҪǰʮֻҪڰȫñɱҪھͱ¡˭õܳһλһ󲽡
СڸͶĿԴս˵Աθ
ӡһӡӦͶˣ
ϯ
ۣǶȾˡ
Ȼ򶷺ܾʣڻǾղľͷҪ֪սټңҲܼҹ޷Ǹҹ
˵߸ȫղ
С¾ģ
ֱͷղ΢΢ͷںɻϣһСƬ꣬ա
̫ˣԿѡʷʮƬ֮һ
˵Ա
ȻעԼǲǿԳ˻˷һ໰
ȿȡԭȨ߿һѯǳܱ𣿡
óЩɹӦ׬١
һͳһ±ѡ֡
ͬʱ䣬ױӵĽ˵ԱҲ̨ζºѡǿ¼һٸн
ȴ⣬˵ʱղ軹ģ˭᲻̹һαһȺˣҲֻǿ

ɫһͿиŬ֮£ղߵֱ߽硣
ԪĴӰ߳һ´αղֲ»ȽϺãԸȥɱҲֹı
ԪĺӪҺʱղվֺ罻

ԪĶˣпעΧһ˵̧ͷ˲䱻ǰĲʢסˡ
⻹һνĹۿ⣬ɫ֯һض׳Ҳ;
ع󣬵ԪҪѯղҪҪƬȴԷָ̧֣ⲻͣزڶſ١
֪ȥãղͷʲôָתںɻ棬ͬһֵʽ
Ԫĺѯʣʲô
ǰĹ㲥ղҲˣЦЦ˵ݰ˵£Ȼֻǿе㲻ƽ
ɻһ·Ʈս
ղȾѺ󣬾˿ռܣ޷ֱӽռ䣬;ԣԭ·ʱɻֻ˲һʱ䡣
ʱӦỹڼ͵ûƤ֯һ˾в̶ͬȵĸˡ
˳˱ҪԸĿ꣬ѡһڷǣһڱ˴¹ȥСʱ˻ڽһֲս
ǵĶӳں;ԭ۹˽սԺһֱ˼ӦսҪļƻ
٤۹оڣζսռ˼ơҪǲһܴù
Ȼ˻ðһȼȥӦʱͬZ804ͼ³۹ѡһΧԷ
бȥZ804ѡֻ΢΢ףȻҲһͷ
ǵĶӳһƣͬʱͣ¶򳯼ɱȥ
ȫڼʱļϮǵĶӳѸٳɻˣֻ첲񾭣ش¡
ֵǼ³۹
ҹžвѾ̸ףؼʱ򱳴ء
ǵĶӳ䲻Ѫˮʹģ³۹ıûϵġ
ǵһѵˣ˵СҲڷˮȥСʱĻսУ̭һ鶼Դڳ
ࡣ˵úƽˣϾǵսҲ࣬αıʡ
ίһ³ࡣ
˭õƷȥоһ£ɱĶҲУѡֲòѹ׵ı£ҲԳ˽۹һĵơ
ʱȻٳԭѡַֽĴУ壬׼һ˹ȥ
ѡֶʱǶߵķֱӷ˳ȥ
ܳ˵ıǸղѧ
ĳɲֽģֲŽ͸Ĵ̣ȻĶñ򵽵ѡָֹסѪûжصƣӲΪʧѪ༤˼ޱװá
һֱơ
ĿαѺѡּҲûˣٴγʱɱͼֱķʽΧˡ
ӳ𣿡ʻһеѡֻ֣ɳˣѾҪߡ
СӳòһҲҪõ´ߡ
¼ǸģԲֶܿ顣
˲඼ǱһĿġ
ҵɱУӪȵķҵطͣʧȥʸѡҲѶѣǻû룬ȥһ¡
֪ڴʲô⣬ûѡֻǷɶ˻һóȥ¡
ʱһһȥѡɱۣ±̭ҲҪíһ취Ŀġ
ȻתΪأ䱸״̬
Уһ䴿Ļ䲻֪ʱ֣ŭš
ɻֵ⧲ŵؾһ
ɱʱֹͣδ֪·ѡֽüͷҪʲô
ᶶҶƬɻΧʲôӨķĩ䣬ϸꡣҹĺôһչֳԸΪеؿһĻ
ѡͷžʱɻȴͻȻ֮ɢˡ
컨׷׹䣬Ͳǵһμʶղ辫ɢʱĳһβͬ
֣ͣġ
ȷ䲻κιϢɢҲ΢½Ҳֽס
·еĳһ˲䶼䳹ʧɲǣод⡣
ף
ղһΪǿЧٷ֮һ
ղڳ˯иԭòʹʱͲ񵱳ǿ
ʩʱʮᣬһ
ϵͳףΪףΪͷһʱԹĲ֡
ʣµһֻûмʱ䣬ڰƴճһ仰
Ѿúܺˡ
˵׻һȺʮˣһֱڸѹ״̬£Īõ˸οû֪ܵѹӴ涴ѹѹڼͷʧѡָЩ𱸵Ŀ⡣
ԼҲԼΪʲôøһ㡣ľ˿̴ѵõƽûܴӻףȫˡ
ϵͳҲղȫʢ״̬µһУȥĻ乥οЩûϵͳʵǿûǿѡ֣ܵӰ
ҾˣľˡһѡƿԱڵǰҡͷ
ɢϢĸ׵ůظƽһС
ûֻܰʱʹڸж

ϯޱȡ
ã֪ĸȨ̾һҾ֪
͵͵壬͵˾壬ʱҲ͵ˡ


80 
ѹ⣬ôùڲ⻳ЩǲǱˡ
Ͼ£˵С̻ӦҲ첻ʲô
³۹Ȩ̾˿οеˡ
ǰֻŵ˺ôû˵κΰŲû˵Ҳһ
˿濼ҪҪѹذճ̣˺Ȼ˵һ䣺
ǿ٤۹ѡ̬ͺܺá
˲ԼͬĻ
һͺۿѡУ˸ۡתذףҪҪʱոһͷ
ģǵķ
ǵղһ⣬ʱֲ̫ãӲǸסˡ
ǵ˸ǷۺеŰϳֵС˹֡С͵ĺɻǳط˹һ仹˰׻ߡ
֪˭˵һ䣺̬õľһʼû׼ùھһ
л߾
ǲǾԼĬ
Ҫһ۵ȥʱֱмֻİ׻̧צӣɻһġ
л߾Ƥһûڲ
ӶԷղ͸ʶ⣬Ϲһä

۹ѡֵȷûڵͷ
Աʱл߾δرǿǲҪֵ⣬ζء
ʼǰҲղᵽֻҪɷӣʣµĻ٤۹潻
ԲڵĶǶڵղ裬װױ˱ˡ
һۣ˸ĨӵĶ
øжҲøжˣѾûļȥ
˸ʾתۼZ804ѡֵߣԷȻѹĹʽһֱ飬ѡַ˿ֱӴӲء
ûġ
Z804ѡһѹֵУȻ˻Ÿ͵Ϯ
ջȭͷ˲䣬һ𵴵ѡֵˣҿɲղ裬ضԴÿһλˡ
һٵݹһӵ񣬶ʱ򻹲ղ裬뵽Ϊѣʼǲʲô˽飿
еĻ価ɢһǿв󣬼һ̶󣬶ԱһѸ٣ֱ򼱾Ȱڵ
ס
ǰվ󣬱Ҫһ£ȻͣסǰһѡֹȽ£ʼʧصƣʱһǿ硣
һʧأҲ޲𹥻ȻֻǰڣΧѡֻڱԵսԳˡ
׻δɢСԶ˹ȥ
ֻ֣һС仨ȴʧߺܿ찲
ΧѡֺܿʶǰƮɢĻֻ΢İΨһŨǾҲѹֵڻûɢ
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ڶ籨֮Ըʱ䲻ϵͳ
ԴѺһ棬ϵͳҲûⲻղЩĶԷڸʲô

ղΪģһѡ־۹ʱ򣬾ڣߵͳߣ֪ͨ˵顣
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涴Ӱ˸ռȶԣһֱܸıʯüΣΪһʯײײռάȽʯԭԲŹ
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Ȼ֪ӣͳϣʯԭڳǸƻŶ֡
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ȷһжƻŷ޵۹ʯԭ˷ħһظſںţ۹ͳΣɡ
ֻҪʯײⲨȲʤȯ

Ǽսеվڳ涴ʮάȿռ䣬һѺֽ壬ͣؽм㡣һȷûеĲݸ廯ΪƬ
ƶһռӵ㣬һžܴɢӶÿռøӲȶڼе˫۾ĳطμƻġˡ
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Խԭ磬涨õ˳涴ȨֻҪڣԶΪƫ޷Ƭء
ղ豾˶֪
ԶԷĸԣֱĽԶ޷⡣
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ϵͳѾһļƻ΢΢׺ˡ


81 
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82 
֪ǲղ趢ŵ߹ȣʻʯԭüҪ
ش𣬵һЦݣ⣿𣿡

˵ͬʱʯԭ˻һ֧ҩĨһĨѹĺۡ
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߷ɴٶȶӣһ߾رŰΧ
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83 
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һըɱӺǻͼźŵǵͣǽϵʯԭ壬Щ˵׸ʲôǺ٤۹˴ı
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ɴȶԲսռиǸ൱ĻѾʻԶԾನлơ
ղ費ܸţڰʱ
׼ãɴѾʼάȣ7050
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˵ͷ㹻õȨʱһʱ÷ɴԻһ֣ò崦ʧѹ״̬Թ˲Ͼʯԭ˸֡
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ѡڻзʱų忪ʼΧõԿ׵ˡ
ǵ͹˼ʻԱľȼڳһ3SϾѡͼȨûгɹ
ս˫˸ˣɴҡΣ¿ǹܻʧ׼ͷһ򵽲ϣ˭Ҳù
ΪжҪˣΪ֮ʵĪ⡣
һ߹ȥһſ£ҪɱһӰʱղͻȻһȵȡڨЦѾѧˡɱˣѪζɢȥһЩޡ
Լ£
Ϊ֮תذ߹
ղæ˵Ϊʱʣ벻Ҫ˺ҡ
ԱһʯԭСոշʱֻԭһ缦

;ָӾ幥ǰղԲѷˣǶһ¡ûгȨƲǶԵģΪղʯԭ嵲Ż΢һ
Ϊ֮ʣô
ոյĳɱˣ£ʿ϶Ҫץסᷴ
ղ裺Ϊǹ¶
һûбʱɵı顣
Ϊ֮˻ǾòԾר˵أ0.5ٿһҷʱĳղǲڿȰҡ
ʵʵʱղ֪˵ô䣬ʯԭȴͬˣһӦûɣ
Ϊ֮˺֮ɫʱһ¡
ƣ󻹸д½ţˡ
ղһϣе𣿡
ųԼľ壬ںɻԵĳ£˵š˼䡯
ڳ˶˲Ӭһ
ȷϹвˡ
ʯԭ˲ٴ취ܿ޵Χ
ʻԱüͷûɿΪʲôһֱǲš
ûзɴ
ζҪˮѡ
ûεķǡΪ֮׼ʱͣ
˳ϵݵأѯһ½ӦǵΪʲôûе
Ϣȥ˺ܾãȴٳûеõӦ
ȥʮӣźŽרͨѶƻ©ݵصͻȻѯʣǲǰǵˣ
ʯԭϲݵأǿдάռܵѹơһ׼ȵǵսѾмŵȥĽܽ뼸Ҿͽ뼸ҡ
ķѴ룬ҲǼֳֻһĿģеʯԭݵء
ִģΧɱʯԭҲмܲס
¾һͳ飬ʯԭԼЩţǴذմͳӡΪԵĵ۹
ŸݵزռϢ룬֪ǰΪ֮͵س嵽ղǰ㲻˵ǹ¶
ҷɴֻһ٤ǵģڵڶɶ
ղ裺ҷģǡ
ĽƱ磬Ϊ֮ⲽͻȻһУΪʲô޻Χ޺ǼŲ֮ݷͬһ㣬Χɱ
޻ڷ񹥻ɴܸоѪζǿҵϢֻи߽С
ȻŪˡ˳⡣
Ϊ֮˵ȻôɣǶΪըֱӰŪҪ⵽ƳѪȱοѪҺŷʱЩǻӷ
ɴҡεңΪ֮˽άȣͻȻ¶˾ġֱֻӽ⿪ղĵûյĶҲȫ˻ȥ
ߡ
ղС¹˵Ŀ⿴ߣ
ʯԭѹûȥĻʹק
ߣҲߣҷɴˣҷɴˡ
ǰ㲻Ҫ⡣һʯԭһ㣬ģ߰ɡ
ղĵͺǱƵġ
ФɻƬҶסΪ֮˵ĴȣҲԸ뿪
ѡǵͷһضƫһƫģ˷ӦĻᡣ
ͬղĴͬ̾˿ߵʯԭǰ첲˵⿪ɡ٤ǺǺϵ޻᲻ݡ
ûըﻹһ٤ʵۡʯԭ˸Ҳˡ
ղ費ĵذסſ򣺡Ϊˣôʣǻ᲻úģ
ʯԭݺһƣ׹رշΪȫޣ׼ǿиһռ䣬Ȼųάǰһѷȥ
ҽȥﴫɳƵؽ
ʯԭ˰°ť򿪲ţ㣡
Զɴһͬʧûղֵ


84 
һص䣬ղ̻˷ɴ
뿪٤ʱķɴó򵥿ޣǳ˵Ρ
޻׷ᣬɥʬƬĸȾߣŴ
ܸоҵĴڡ
ղüȻЩԼޱֳ̬ȣǲӬ˸⡣
ʻŬǰһҷɴ粢硣
һҷɴϣʯԭѾղڱֱƤҩһҲ
ʻԱź
ݵػڲϷϢͷĿѾ´ȷǵλƽ
ƽˡΪ֮˳˵һµΡ
һ·޾ǹѩһԽԽ࣬Ȳ˵ܲܿɴסнٶȼҲһ
ݵǱ߳Ĭһ£û뵽Ἤ̶ֵȡ
ղȥתĿ꣬ºܻǵŭ𣬵֮䣬󲿷˻ǻѡһ¡
Ϊ֮䳰ҾͲ׷Ǵĺǡ
ĸ۹ҲԸ˴ĲοȷʵѾˣΧֻá
ȫУʯԭôܿƷɴһռάǿղǳ˼ӿٶʲôҲˡ
޵ķٶ൱ˣ·ɴ죬Ҳ޷ȫ˦
޵ޣڲϵطͺͼͨеϵͬ顣
ղڸʻϣæͼ
ÿһ򶼻ᱻ¼ڶλڣܶû֣󲿷ֻǶϳԽϽһǵҳǡ
ֱҡͷ
Խӽɴԭʲôǻûüͣͻ
ղָ˼꣺ҸǶһ£
٣Ƚϼˣĵûܿ졣
ףԡ
ֹۣǰһϵƵɱʽϮķʽžһºͷɴײϣҷɴǰһ
޿ͨ¡΢üͷҪɹ䲻̫ס
ʯԭķɴͻȻ㲥ǵĺӣһ㶼˼ѡǵİΣиһͬȥˣҲ޿𣿡
㻹һ֪ҪԶߵԶɡ
ô𴦷ɡ
ղĬһ£ƫͷʯԭǲڡ
ͷڵ°㡣
ղҪŭ⣬Ȼ뵽ԼҲһС
ϿҵΪѣ㲻һ㶼˺ԼӲˡ
½ţղ𺦵ֻȨ
⻰˵áöЩ
ղ˿ˮлл㡣
ллңллϴҡ
˫ҲһԸ񣬸ոοղļԴ˿ν˿飬ɱֲϿʯԭɴķʽǵĻԸޡ
ѡ֣Ȼ㵽Ϊʣ˸ݵҪôרҵϴԣҪôֱлܶһ˿Ϣ֮
ʯԭ˿Ҫ׼ŭٿطɴײһǡ
ȥȸһ̣ղ˼ûбĳ·⵽۾£񻹼żֺɣʶš£ѯôˡ
ǰһڶԳȥһ¡
кڶǺ£ղ費ڳʲô
˵׷ʼЩԾǱˡЩײУֲھȡ
ܶΧ鲼Уɴ޷ӽ˵ͷ֮иһ·עֻߵڡ
ָɵ㣬ҲԴֲȷ˵ⰲţֲ顣

˵ղɾ;ˣ䲻ֱӡ
Ͷˣߣǰߡ
뵽ģϵͳıضǰʯԭ˳ʱԺźϵͳԷٳûг֣ղһֱòԾ
ڶΣٿطɴбһ󻡶ȣ㿪ޣֱ涴ȥ
һߣڶʯԭûиϡ޺ǼûʲôޣֻҪղǰȫġ
޿ʼſѪڷͼɴβ
޽ӽ˲䣬ɴһ涴֮׷涴޵ٶ
ͷŶλ涴ͨǼս
ڷٽӽ
ǾǼսǺ¡뵽ϵͳһȣղŵǿʼû
Խ涴˲䣬ʾȻѩ
ųңڴռڵѡ
äղʣʲô
̾ûа취һλ֪ĸռάȳȥ
һ²ʲô⣬ֻҪùǼսģǴʺܴ
ɴһʼػƣ󼸺ǲܿƵתȫ޷ȫ˹̶λϡ
ղ豻תۻңץס˼֣Һѣˣڿ춼Ǻڰġ
⡣ŷɴʣֽһ涴

ǼսΧ
涴Ϊģоפ
Ъսڼ䣬ﾹȻΪһƬѵõľ֮ء
ӿݣǰʯײ׹ʱ¡ʿÿĹ̶ѲӣɪںòʱصǼսһЩ
֪ϮȻͣ½Ų
ųʶߵĵطȥѲʯײ
Ӷ콩ˣʯûǺӿֲĲ
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Уһ䣬Ƿɴ٤۹ķɴֻе۹սŻúڰ׵ɫβ
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רҵԱ޸Ƶȷ˷ɴͺźͬݿԱȡ
ҷɴ۸񰺹棬۹ֻȼСųܿȷս˵ݣǼͳڼǰ
߼ͳֵ֪ǼˢĿղ衣
ˣǰ涴ĵù˭Ѿ˴𰸡
ϱɣά˹
ͬһʱ䣬ʯԭ巢Ƶ壬ʾѾղ衣
ɣά˹ϢƵʯԭϲ
ڸոͷʣҸṩ˵ף
쵼ĬĬԶһ㣬治ûͬģ¼ѭŷɴ涴Ǽӣһʯԭ˵ķԣĪħԣеЦ
ڳͳҪЦ
ʮسıߣѾޱ
֪ô鷳£Ŀ˼ȹϵһһõ顣
Ƭ̣ͳ˸뿪
߽ս˱ƣĬĬҡžƱһƻš
ǣ٤۹ء
ʵǿΣһŪġ
ǵĻǸþɵʱ̣ͳȴٿɫһ䣺˭
ų̽ʱȴʲôûз֣·ոֻǴ

ʵ
Щֵϵͳ뿪սڵ򣬿ʼλڣýһƻͬʱպī֭дٱš
𾴵£
ãٽҷʯѹ첢żȻʵΪͳһֲݡйķʵٱ£ͼࡣ

ϵͳһдţ
Ǿ񣬲ںղ迪Цֻϵͳ޵ԼĻеǧգЩҪŵְ
ĿǰɭϣеΣҲ类֣ϵͳѾúһС
Ǽɵ˿ǽʿĵطɫ鲻ͣ˸âظţղղ񡭡
ʮִٲĿ
ȻʿûֱӸջٻüȷûбըϼֻ̻
һ򿪻ûпżǵ˼ƬһΪۡ
ƬͳƨŤξƱӱĵӱһĻͷڲǰ


85 
ϵͳæͬһʱղ軹תǿסµķθУǿʵʲô涴Ȼôãȥ
涴ļֵʵ˲ƣھķ·ǳ涴޵׶
̾ǽһ涴
ûǴĻǰղһģһĻش
ûлָѷɴԶʻܡʯײһϵкЧӦڹ귶ΧڵĿռ䶼ܵһ̶ȵӰ졣
֡
ǰֻǻɣڼʵ㡣ֿռڵĶѺܿɣͨϵĳ涴棬һδ֪յ㡣
ų󣬵ҲڻָȫǵĻɫͼ꣬ûһо
ǵǼսΧĳ涴
̼ղͫ΢΢Ŵ󣬼һ˲ѣθУȷʣǸ˲ʮڹĳ涴
ףҷɴĵΧʮڹꡣ
Գ룬ǼսΧֻһ涴
ղֲ⣬Ȼ;⣬˺Լһõ涴ȨϵͳΪʲô˴¸һ
Ѳ˶Էϵͳ޹أ
ܡ
ôģֻϵͳ
Ŀв˼ǣ𣿡
ղڰ֣û¡
Ȼͬ˵Ŀ˵Ҫˡ
һϣǼµʱ硣
ԣЩԶ״̬
Сϴء
ʲô
ûʲô޸ë˥
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һʧ⸩һ̧ͷ
̧ͷ˲䣬Դʵ̡
ǰһղ軹Ż飬ڴֱӿհס
ʲʲô
һſڣܽӽ
һͬʱֹͣ˼άת
ɴһζ޷νӵ涴һȶĳ涴צ˺۵ķɴʱнĿܣǿŵȫǿž֧š˿Ƥȫ٣Ŵ̶ֺˡ
˽ࣺǸҡ
תУղ費ò§סԷ˦ȥΪεⰲȫʱ򡣡
˳ŷɴ϶͵سڹ룬þϣ˫ΧղδܣҪʧ״̬
ȡ
¶ȹͲ쳣ȵĴ
ټһ¡
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ɸ߿յ׹䲻Ҫӣɴˮ͸֧״̬¼ڼֲס״̬
ղһֹȷǰһֱһΪһ˻ܶ
ڲ֪ˮ¶ףղżѵĲȥûлĿΧһƬڷĵСղβȥֻ÷ųɻƬҶΪ֧ŵϵΡ
űĺɻ
ѡưͣһ̶ҲΪ뿪໰
ķɴըղƴӿٶȣڸˮɲǳ˿ˡ
Ƭ̶ҵżΣڼ伸κԷ֣ûзӦѵϰղæȷ״̬
ƫͣоûԥʼ˹
Ļڴݼ䣬ոʶļһʱ֪òƿ
ַʽռ˱ˣ۾ֺԼ뷨һһ̧𣬸˵ƿˡ
һ᳹˵־Ǻײʱ򣬾վǡ
׻Զ֣צӴղ£ء
ղ΢嶼ô˿϶Ҳû⡣
Ĭ
ڻ˫ۣӼֲ̫ڵػرܿߣջȿڣѻϣ涴ʱ򣬷ɴܵǰδеļѹֻеͼŻ״
Զһ£̫ԶҪϵ۹ǲס
ղ˼Ƭ̣Ȼ˸ָа취ˡ
ʲô
ҡ

ղ׻׻̻˵һҪպöȣҪҸܵΣ»ˣرиоʱܸܵ
Ѫ֮Ӧôԡ
һۣ˵ֳսѶȵ͡
£ҳʽذɷ˹أ˵á

ûһԤףһڿ׼˵һ̼Ѹײڶ֮Ƴȭȭͷʱͣ£ֻ΢ȭ硣
ղŽߵȭͷͻȻЦǸЦǰӺǿ̬ȣһ¡
޶ԡ
ղóɱﵣ磬һ
һеģüȭͷЩ顣
ڿʲôʱһµʱղ̲סٶЦ
ڣ뷽跨뷨˹ʱ򡭡ĪúЦ
ղЦһЩĪЦƬµƣһʱ俴ЩǵĻҲƽ֪뵽ʲô龹Щ
Σһ仰ɴûˣǻȥ⡣
Ϣзɴ͵ζʵղ֪ƣرۡ
ΪΪĿǰĴţԭһµļﰲο̧ʱȻһ٣ΪԴ
͵ǳһˡ羰еͼһû档
ղ´ɡ
̫࣬ϢһҲܺá
˵޳˯ʱ䣬һֱûйǵʯԭķӣҲûдСҪƴǣʱÿһ˶İģҲѺõġ
˵ô໰ɤ峺ᡣ
ղƫͷɡ
ûпǡվ֣ʹӿտʼ
ʱȻ磬ò˶þܿ
ֻּյ˲䣬ԶͻȻһʱ˵
ղ裡
ЩȻͨˣǵǳãܿղΧһһľա
ڹͨղ裬ֱѾħͽ
Ҫر˶Ƭղ־޵ĳ࿴һ۾ͺǡ
ԭЩ޴Ķ鿴û뵽֮ϲ˲٣ħҲġ
ղ͵ס֣ܣ
ھ͸ֱ֧Ӷô˲һӮ档
Ժ˿̱˵䣬һɽˮʱ䶼ûУзӶߺХ
ץסۣ׷ߵƮ
ȷûǰЩָҪץղ衣ЩŹ֣Ҳĳң
ûǴĻѾڰʮڹ
ղЦⲻ⣿һ˵ʵһкܶྪϲ㲻֪ġ
ĵģ涼һϤĳףĻں档



86 
˿Ҫܳʮٶȡ
ôһֱȥ϶£ǰиɽȣ
ղݿǺ˵ʱ䣬ø
ҡ˿Ƿĺܣֱһͨ绰ܽ
ˡʱĿӡ
ղЦ£ܻһЩˡ
ֻĳҿе࣬Ҳŵġ
ڲ̽ʱ򣬼һ3Sľ񸲸סƬɽ֣֪ͨһպյļ壬Ҫӱǰлǡ
ղ£
ԼֺǼͨķеΪһͺΪĳңոձûж롣
ез빦ܡ
ղ赱Ȼ֪Уе൱һ߼ԣڲ¼ôңԶϵԡ
Ҳ֪ΪλˣѾƲ⣺ʦ
ȥսѵУĻе׼αȥάޣֻпֱʡ
Ҫ񣬡ղǰܣ߼ӿٶȱ˵ȷʵǴ棬ֻһء
͹ˡ
ղ辪ƫͷ
ǿһ磬Զȡ˵ĸ֪֪ڱʲôŴ֪ռƬҪԹɺס
˯ڼ䣬궼עƬǣ˵һ棬ǧֻҪ룬Ҳ
ڱ׷ɱղע⵽鲻
ܿԭרŸԷĻеδüµǰǻżᱳԼ
иҪһ㣬Ҫеͼѣǿֻ֣ܳͬڳɳڣǿ󵫶Ƭ˵ǿɿصģԲ̫ܵųá
ȻŻŲ侲Щ֮ĹϵȶɱһӰõķʽ
ֻҪսپ
ղ˵ټһãƤ졣
ȥ˿ԼϢ˳Ѿڡ
塣
Ϣڼǰʹ˻
껨ҰȥܾãµĿڿഫղѾΪʮˡ
òʱѾһ㣬ԴӼ̳лʧܣ֪ǳ黹Ǳԭרٿһμ飬Ტǿղħ
ټ˼λϣղͻѾǲݣϣλ㡣
һλЩ˸ִ巣ʱǶˣ˵ǲݡ
ڵؾղķλԶϹȥҲ
ʽȻ෴ֶ൱֮±·̰Ϣȥ˭ɱղͽ𷭱
ϻһۣȻҲͬ
ֻͣ𶯣鲻䣬һ뿪䣬ȥ
绰ͷһŮ˵ղƽɽ
ǣһᴦá
Ůһ˿ǣҵ˵˲˵ģõӰ졣
û˻һͽĻתο˵Ҳš

ڷɢϢͼȥɱʱղͼҲͣɽȡ
ȸ˻ûüղеѴƿռ䣬ƾճǼ⴦Էʶִ򷨣ճҲִ򲻹ܵԭ򣬲ͳôٶȡ
ϧٶȳ˴
ղ˫пκδȱҪɱңҾɱ㡣
ǰѾһֱӴüĴֱ̹ӴԸɡ
ղľ˫ѹ£Էһ˲ķѹסһ˲䣬Ѿ͸ˡ
ղʶס۾𿴡
Цʲôµġ
һͷʬ嵹ص˲䣬Ȼһֻаʮ

ҲҪ׷ЩɱصɽУ֪ĻΪΧʲôħͷ
ĿеͷһɼǰԽ涴̫ƬҶȫȾ졣
ղ迴һۣ˵ͷ˫ľͬʱ߷¡۵嵭͸ÿһ䣬ɻζǿн˵սʶ
һХ쳹ɽ֣ѹסǰЩҪɱ
ɴС׻ڰ˲ܵ־ĸţһ˫Ŀɱڡ
ûûе׽սһĸķʽֱþȥը׷Ӿ൱ǿңѪըɵɲǣǰڵ׷˲ή˲١
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ޡ˺ͷһŰ׻
˵ıҲòȥûһѷΧ̧ͷ죺벻ʱȻа׻
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Ҳǲ⣬˵ҪǴ˭ҲԸ鵱ԩͷ
еʵʱЩ˽͸ԭܵõԭֻɱĴ۾һ˿ѽ⡣
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ԼʲôʱôţƵ
֮ʱݵİ׻צ£ҿѩƤëڻҪȻҪ˵
˺òҪ򲻹Ϳ䡣
ղʱЦ׻֮ǿ׼ףҵҪ˭Ҷ֡
ĸˣô죿׻֪롣
ղһ۵ɨҪţ̧ͷ
һѾ彾㡣
У׻ֻܱһƲ·ָӵĿ⡣

ҪԡѪսȥսòã
׻ĺûдݸˣղСʣ㾫˵˵һ䣬ɷǣ׼Ҳûϵ
Ƥһ²ܡ
źı飬ղĿ¹˹ָ׻ߣһղֱȥ
һĻ׾ˡ
װסƤӶЩ׻Ȼ
˵ѾĿģʼֻ¼
Ҫ֪һ΢е߹Ѫͳ඼鷢İ¾ٶĥѣҲ
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87 
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88 
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Ŵװˣղֲ׺ɣ֮У뿪ʱ򣬻ûʲô߿Ƽ
һ־ֳѡٵУ첻ͬΪźѡ֮һĻ峤ƶ˺ƽ棬ٻֵؽ硣Ŀǰһ˸飬ߺ֧бͻ
ÿ˵һ֣ղеζ
һٻֵؽ硣
ԸıϾϿƣҲȻѪ
в˼ƬΣߵк֧ܶ࣬ߴԼ˵ŰƽĹͬʱ˼ӡЩ겻û˺谭һĿǰûһϵм¼ƬרŽ
Ƥң͸¶һ˿Եʱˣʹò˻Ϊǡ
һϣܵԴõĻӣ֧ڴ
ͣĻϺѡ֮һƬ𣿡
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ղͨѶ˱ݵֿԺ¼磺ʡ˱ֻǮ
һԶϲԸܿͻһ
һԼ֣Ͽ˻ҳһͽ𿴵˺ĶҲȫ滹һĵر
ղζǮѾൽˡ
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֪˴˼ʮڹŸԼվͬһƬ£͹ղѹֵķŭ߸ϹˣԷʼհѲС֡
Сá
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ֻҪղڹעڵ飬Ϣᴫߡ

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˵ǿˮһеıǲǺܴ̼
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ТӰ
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ǰλ˾ٿ˳Ǯ󣬴Ҵҷء
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ղףǾ䡮ǳǳɱһκˮ֡
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벻ͨôͻȻᵽղЦãҲʲôˡ
Ǿ͸ҵʱ䡣˵ҵʱ䣬һŵ

ղſڣþòűһ仰²ȱ϶а취赲
ϵͳҪãҪʱ;룬úÿռ۵ǲзӦʱ䡣
ͬĹ·õúܳɹֻã·ɱϵͳղ軹ҡҡͷÿһ˶뷽跨ɱԼֻܶǱִ峤ɱǰ޲𱨸
Ѿ֪Ĵ𰸣˵㻹̫ƣ˺˻űǡ
ղǿǣǣǸ߼š


89 
ղתƻ⣺ӽһƬܴǵȥ
ϸĵͼȻûղ򵥻һݼĲͼһ·ߡ
ԽٽϣʡԽÿ
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˵Ǻճû𣬵ֳղ豻ò֪롣ǰûע⣬ڻܶʱԷΪԼƱ磬Ͽˮƽ˿ѷɫǡ
ǰһεϡһֱרעϣǰľ쵽ʱܵ谭
ղͣǸ߼硣
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ʼһǹ̽ȷǹ֧ɱ󣬼תսԡҪˣΧû壬һطֵá
ӵٶȿɲأ˲ϽӡǿֱӽжԳ壬ͼıӵĹ
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ⳡӳ¸߿ƼĽ棬ռռϷ磬ɫ΢΢Щ԰׵ʱ򣬹ͲˣӵڴĿꡣ

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ϧӵйƫһЩ˵ǿȲλã뿿壬ǿбӵĶ˺
¶ٻյ˹ؼشȲڲѪŽʮֺˡ
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ǸʮֽˣʱҲȼһµҩû⣬ȥ
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һԭǳϲԸϸģղ׵ĵȫ˵˭ֻǲԸϰˡ
һֱ£ˣ˵ûˡȵȫͶúø峤ӭڷ֮ա


90 
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ðϸܵĺ飬ǿסʹټȫѲ飬ҪŹκһ

һߣղű̾
ΪĶרŵİǫ̈̄бֱ֣߻ᴥ
ˡ
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ղΪԼޣûֱݻ𣬶䷢չΪѦ̵ıֻҪó͹˵Щһֱڡ
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ղûд䣬׼Ų߿յԭ򣬰ûзڰǫ̈̄Ķȫȥ
װһʱʱ䣬ǰõüǹղֻһǹ죬֪Ǹʲô
ͻȻ𵴣żһռάȳ֣ߡ
ʱֵĶһ١ٻΧֻкܶණڰǫ̈̄
Żɡ˵

ͨղ
ȼ
ղ賹ԼǸˣģٺԺҲòˣ˵ֽš
ԲٹעЩ֮ͷųľ׽ҴҵĽŲüͷһˣߡ
ʧļӣű򿪣ԭֻмظɫһ䣬ȱ˲ٶ
һϸȷϣȷ󷨻ǰȫûһͬǰͻȻͼϮɱ峤ˣ֪Ǳ롣
ǣ˺һɤӣȥгţһֻӬҲ÷ɳȥ

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ռ۵һֱãʱоռŤ˵뻨嶼ûʹΣա
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֮ǰղѹڳʦϢΪƳ壬ļҵĵλȽȹ̣ױȲϴǰ
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91 
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صʱŵʼϴƬ״ЩЦãƵ
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Ƽˣ϶ǰμģŶԷı֤
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һޣһ̫ղ費һ߱סжһ롣
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92 
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ѹȥġ
ղü
һ#Ѧ#ѣֱӰС׻ȰȵƵϴϣģһá
ѦҪŴ£֧Ҳƶô˻᳹׽֡
ղ裺һѹѣһҪԿЩ
Դʤһ
ղһ°ƷƷPPT
ÿһŵıĵΧûƴһİģĿĴּܽ˵֮׹మ֮˲صbgm
ղЦеܼĵͶϣǲǺȤ
ֻƽ˵˾䣺İӦȫ硣
һͶôҲ͵Ȩ
˶һۣղʡҸСˡ
ҡͷԵ±ԹѾúܺá
ղЦһͣʲôʱԵ±Թˣ
Ŀ⣬˹飬飬ȫϡСۡ
֮ⲻʲô


93 
Ҫ˵źȻС
ղûۼʶĺʼԹĲ£ûжһռ۵Ǽ̳С
˿ֳһƬǽ塣
ƵⶼǱڣǰƵͻϣǵĸֱһ£ˡ
վ̨ͷ޷͸ʲô
żһƷûһ仰Щ죬ô飬ȻҪ
̨̨ס˿εѪա
ǰļڡ
ǰһڣ൱ۡ
ڱǰ뻺ڣǰߵֶθλʶˣоֵܴ󡣡
ֱӳղģ粵Ҳûκ塣
̨¼ڽһЩ뵽ۣҲ֪ǸԳȻǺ
ⷬеӰ죬ٶͶղȤ
ǧ򡣡ܿ˵һνмۡ
塣
ޱ˾ۣķͷʾ뿪
ߵǺţ󣺡ֶȷʵ
˵˵ȣ
Σôһ֣ι־ֳľѡ˳ûϷˡ
ԭһ˳Ļ뵱־ֳ˫ͿԹͬƶٻֵؽһ£峹ںϡȻҲ˺ȫల£б¼϶һµľ濪ΪƶߵǣȨ͵λͬն
ֻס֣ôӴ棬ֶֺΪ
ӰСʱǰֻڲͣ𶯣еǷϢʲôм˴ġһѦ͹´þȻʵҪףӪҥδӣѺˡ
Ҳάֲסƽ͵ļһŭֱ֮Ӱֻ˳ȥ
޴ĻѲˣȰЩӪŻ˴Ѿˡ

ᡣ
ڸ㶨Ͷǰȥһˣʱһҩ·
ڵѾȣ˻ףԱǰڿռ۵ɵĴڡ
İɫȫǵѪղһǿ۵һ˿ϸָһŦʱؽڼβᡣ
˻
ϺͲѪһղһü
󣬾ܺߣʼ˿
ղʱ򻹲ͷʵʱϵϢǰѪһͶƱ
ͶǡľȻƱֻڳ
Ż˸ѾǱˡֻǿʼ
˽ղҩˮɵʱ򣬿ʼҩϵҪһЩղͻȻ;ȷʵ롣
⧲ƿδоκɱŲҲ鸡ֻͬʱƫͷȥһۡ
Ϊǰղ迪ʱ˵ûڿһҩƿɴʱ˲òԥһ»ῴֻͰȾѪĳǩղڼ󣬱ס˴ӣͷҲɢڸǣԾܸо˫û¡
ܣ
˶ˣҪܾƵ棬Ҿͱˣ
棿
ղüӦǱˣҲûͣãһע⡣
峺͵ʶ¿ˮ峤࣬ĪñƵˡ
һ͸оһĺ⣬궯ɢĿ𣿡
Ƶͱˣܷ²ӣûˡ
תŰ֣̲סٶѣֳ
¹ϣղ贩ʼ磺ֳû˼
ڵԣƵϱü̱˵Ϯɱĳɹʲߡ
۵롣
ղ裺ʺ
ӦøЩ
ղ迿ϣۣȻĥô˽ǣû˾䣺ļңвŶԣ
һֱΪصڿ飬ֱ翴ѿգֻ漰һ֮֡
Ǹ˺ˮݣʱǻļҵ⣬ʦһϴѪϴв٣ӦҲ˼Ĵۡ
ղ费ۣԭԱܹһ֣ļͨ͸Ķҵ˻ľݵ㡣
϶һͣôöλ
ھֶҪǰ׼
һԸ֪Էλõͬ塣
Ĭˡ
ղڸո˵Ǿ仰ʱѾˣΪ˵ȥµ໰Ƭ̣鸴ӣʱúܿ죬˭뵽ڶѾչ˺ҪҪٻֵؽ̽֡
΢ĻȣܸоŨصıеһж˵ܵĿǸЦ
˵ҲˣղʰĮǶ¸ҵˣʮλϣļҵǼλһӡ
Դٶ༸Ҳ޷
ղͻȻ֡
ᡮš
ղ裺Һƴ
ԶǷҵĺ
в֪ϵͳôʱԼ֣˵һƽ׵Ĵ󴲣ڶѾ䵽סˡ
˼Ƭ̣óͨѶս㡣
ղ費׵ؿȥ
˿¶һЩ
֮ǰ¼¼ղÿһҡ˲䡣
ˣԼҲš
ͷøʦҵøҸס
ղ裺Ϊʱ𲮸
ĺõƬȻһŰͰߵ˲۵Ľ䣬þֱӽѪºǩɷĩ
ֵ϶ܶѲߵˡ
Ŵ˾ĸ֪ΧŲ顣
Ų鷶ΧϽɼβ뻹ļҶˡ
ղ裺Σյĵطȫ˼̶ܳȻҪʤһŲӦļҵĳʦ
˵䣬Ѿ˽ɡ
ǿˣþɱθ֪Ӧһĳʦ´ࡣ
˿ǰ̨ʵشʻûʲôɵˣһñȽϷ衣
ʦš
ڰ볨ţõɵʣ£
ԷòʱˣʦĿжһݻɣṩһ֤𣿡
ʲô
ļҳʦͳһΣû˿ηҪôбҪôûӣбһ㲻ɡ
ʦľ֮ڵ֪һֱӲݾС
Ϊ壬α˺ǵ־רŵļ
ʦȥ
˲߸ȫʦɫ΢䣬ǰԴŵ̬ȡ
ˡղϵذַŽȥͬߵȫ
ʦõܵļڼѪͳͬʱ츳
ߵȫ
˵ʲô
ˣǸࡣ
ˡ
ʦ뿪
һֱû˵ͬճ̲סǴѪ࣬ôǿ츳ĸӵܣΪʲôҪɣ
ðɡٳǰóʦһܣж裿
ܣѪ֣;ȥҩɴҩ
ʦһһѾ


94 
Ϊ֮һղ軹ڹעĶ
в֪ٵϢ˵ߺ̣Ԫĸ߼ҵ顣
˽⣬¶ԷΪ˵Ǯվ˿ࡣ
ղ迴˲СϢûһᵽ˭Ȼ˸߼ۣ֤벻ͨ۸顣
ղ˱ۣҪʲô
ˣһʱ䡣
ղĥͬʱߵͷһЧʵˣĿʲôºܼܿʶ
˼Ƭ̺ٻ壬ɻһվԭأӪľګļ
ղ:ҪһΡ
ɻʹذҶӣûΣյ£һڣԼܾģɳҪۡ
ղޱ飺ȷҪ̸
ɻĬˡ
ȷյĸܶԴԭվѡװơ
ղ裺ļҵլϽȥһͬ塣
򲻵ѣðʹ۵ɻɢС׻ʱڸмΪ㣬ԴϢܽ˵ľ裬ʺơ
ͬ壬ֻҪղţľԶڡ
ȷɻ뿪
֪ղΪ֮ɱ׼һܳɹ͵еͬ壬ʵʱλλá
ղָĦͬиһֻǻȥ䡣
Ҫźǰع⣬ҲЯ֪ߣкܴĲռ䡣
λȨأҲ٣ʱ˺͵£Կһηɱ
ɻһʱزʱ䣬Ѿ賿㣺ۣ˯һҹ
ȫǽϣһ岽һڸڵĳ̶ȡʦѲߣͨҲڽйƣǾӭսʱ
ļڰ˼ͷղͨⷽʽݣ·ϰߵȲôøı䡣ļͶŲ飬κ;Ƶڼ¼µƵһһԱȡ
ղڳͣϱʱҧĶһͣ뾹Ȼ˵ǵĹ߰ǡ
û̫ൣģ·ϼþ˼ؼͷϽĴŲʱûء
ļԼǧ˿ڵǣһʱҲ鲻ꡣ
ͬ΢в졣
ļǰæѰղټȥѴͷ˹ͨǣ϶뻹һְ
Ƕ½нˣѾڴ϶Ըⷭղְ˽
ļҽ䱸ɭϣַҪˣĺɻδע⵽
бף˳İڷһղĶ׶ǺɻɢСʱǳͬΧаʩһȦ͸İɫ棬ɻֱΣգûóȻȥŰѶ
棿ղĬƬ̺뵽ʲôĩһԭˡ
:ǹơ
Ǽʱֻڹϵ鼮У㲻ô˽ˣҲܴиоһЩ
Ȼʶʦղüͷ£ǰֵüģֹ˽üĶ
ղʧЦ˵ȥ²󶼲ԭ򡣡
ҪΪݼıƽкãĪ˵ڣڵǸʱʦҲҺѾԼãٻ⵽һЩɡ
ǵ鷳ˡ
ͻȻϷǲųסһλȨƵĴ
һǽ֮ɺ硣
ӣ·ߵıֻֽ͡еκһҵԼϡĺۼ
ΨһֵοǣҵûʧеȨг
ڵвȷһ£վ棬ڵ˵ղԩģڿ϶Ҳٲ۷׷ס
ǾǱ졣
֪Ͳ̫ãʵʵƽһС
ղ廹ҪңǴӵ֧ܷղߣѪ֥һһղ轻ߣλֱӰθһȣ֧ӵܿƾֱӽһ˭ɱ
һһ峤̳ˡ
һֱܿͬЧķʽ
ܵΣֻܵõʲôһڳװղ˻Ķ档
ЦһȥϵƳƵǸöԷɫͨŸͬǡ
̫˽ղˣԷֱӶԸ֣ƫƫѡ͵ϮԼ˵ǣˡ
ȫѲղϻˣһ˵ԺҲСȵòһδΥԸֲкͬʱ򣬵ĺײɶ
һǶ˵һ޼ɵɱ¾ͬħ˾Ի˺ǱʶܺߡıǩһΣշӶԴ
ϺܿϢػ壬˺䶯
ĵ֧ΨһĻᡣ
˵峤ղϳԿȥ˻᲻װ
˵־ͿԣҾÿҪ峤֡
ÿĿ˴ʮһȷʵһЩûһҪֻ֣Ҫҵղ䣬ˡ
֧ĻϧһдҪλϵвȲ·ϳ˼βܱȫˡ
ղͬһʱޣ˴űǰȥ̡
ӡǱȽƵģԳһ㡣
̵˼̼Ժб˺ܶͷ

һֱסԵ̫֣ҹǰղͼòתƵص㡣
ɻһȥ̽·ߣָһƬյء
ղתһȦҲûùݻκοԽ޵ĵطֱɻҶָָ档
ղһ飺ˮ
ѣ
ɻס
ѾǾŬѰҵĳɹĿǰǷأҵ԰ȫˮѾܲס
һղ費òЭеĵͨ
ʱҲ벻õȥ΢£ᳬ졣
ֻΪץһֻͳڷǣȺڶѾַس˶á
ղ˵ͷֻ̾ϣٶ֦ڡ
ҹղ跢ǵ͹޳̶ܳȡϹٷ·Ϣؼؿרš
ϽκһͨĽڵ㣬ܿӰ
࣬ٷҲ˺ͣνǵͲһ㣬ڿɿطΧûҲǱͷ׽ʱװһ鲻ԸӣǱŹղҲҵ˵ǣǶܵ峤µŻˡ
ûдκһýĲɷƵղˣڱ¾ˡ
ûʲô飺Ǿɱ˰ɡ
ЩĵӶװģղ費֣ҪԽɾ
źŲǺܺãղ迴žͷЩСݣͷԼָԳһЦ˵˫֣󾿾Ҫմ˵Ѫ
СʱһֱڳĬûдţֻܲʱһղı
ϵ˾ûгϣͨĻҲãҹղ迪ʼաȥҩסˣûҪ
ԼԼ΢Ϣһ¾ͺá
϶˯˼Сʱȵղٴʱֲ֪ʱ˼ϣԱ߻űɼֵĻеס
װе׸ԭԭ״
ղ£æʲô
滻˿ռ۵𻵵ӦǿʹüΡ
ղ裺ΪʲôֱӲҵġ
ͣҵĻеװһЩƽ۵
ղԻеûʲôִڴ󲿷Ǽ˵е׾ǽ֮ڽ͡
ֻǹޣȥ޾Сƽ´ϣҪΪ¾ᡣ
ղԷôԭ뾡ǣͬʱҲԱͻĽ֡
ʵ㲻á
Ļû˵ȥ˵ȥ޼ֵղ軰һתھͳǣȥһط
ղ亹ջûˣȥżʿźһЩ
ռ۵˳ǣڼ俴ѰԼĻСʱղָ˶Ŀеıһ
˵Ҫȥĵطڻصӽ硣ղɤɳƣЩɬۣû׷ΪʲôҪȥֻǰź·ߣȻղϹȥ
ڰ׻ϣһ·ܵ÷ɿ죬;һСлһֱڶƽִʡ
վɴƫƧСУղһƬ֪ɽΪ͵ӽ廹رڴ˽ƽû˸ҹ
ղĽŲͣڱԵشˡ
ִĶͷȷѾȥˣʣ
ûӦ⣬ղԩͷծұٺͻκιֽܵǣκǲơ
³ˮ΢΢ͷҹĴ¶ʲôģȴ˵
ɼˣҲŻ
첲һ£ԭҪϰղԴ;һ£סԷ֣ƺҪԼ´ݹȥ
Ȼ̣ܲǼԾɻ˹ؼĸѾ͸ˣ㲻ɱǣǾͻɱ㡣
ֻ֪ǡҪһʱˡ
ᶨʵȷʵףһ㡣
ղҡҡͷʾͽʵ޹ء
ԶҹкԶûоɽر𣿡
ǰעһֱղϣϸһ£վ⸽ȷʵˬĸо
ɽʼһʮɽ棬ܻ֮ڴˡ
ľһֱŵģȷûסڸҲûиоʲôȻǷˮأΪʲô岻ֱѡַ
ղЦˣĶʱܻῪǵĲľ
¡
ղ裺ϹŴ󣬷ǴĻѪ룬ᱻ̽ɱûпռ۵ƾҸȫˡ
Ϊˡ
볢þ߷ЩݲݣڣպܻεĲľҵղ赭æߣʱһðջػһˣ󲿷ָտǵСܴϲԭҽһǱĬ
ǰûˣóʱͳֻ֣һһӣŲ塣
ԴȾѺղ߷ݵûôϹóڼҪ¡
Բ׻һ˫۾ɵùԲԴղ裬һסһˣֱﷴֱ̫˧ˣ
ס¹⣬ղȻסؿڣֻ뵱ӵңڲòȥлһİְ֣磬ĺʹ

˵ΪʲôôңΪʲô



95 
δɢȥÿºڷߵϣղһЩľߡ
߰ɡżеĿռ۵Ļеװװ
ףһֱԷеĲйϵȫ͸йأǲٸ滨һ
ղС󣬵Ǻ߱ը
ô룬ղʵҡ
̾˿ռ۵
һɽȣռ۵̿ʼòȶղ辯ϹŴڲͬάȶҲͶһЩ
ɽҰһƬԣڳʱҴһƳ⣬ɽĻݺ׳Ĺ֮ͬ
ٰ滨õƷӦоУÿһ껨Ҫһ㻨ܸߴ࣬õǳһ
ղ裺ΧĶǲӵĻݡ
ףǵöԷԲ軨ΪƷֻκֱӹΪ֧Ȼ棺ǺӵĺӣŻΪ
ӦûеڶղġղεЦЦûпΪ̫ˣôŻá衯֣
֮ܡͷͷꡣ
Ǽû뵽ġ
Ӳ軨Ϊͳ֧ܲղûʲôͳһͬʵ׼õһ¾ȡһʡ
ԺвܿƵظֳǶħԹ棬ӦʱѾ˳ּѻʣЧڸڵĺûʡ
ҡҡͷǶμ䣬ղһۣ㾹Ȼš
ϾǴˣʱõղ˺ڵʱˣϣûڡ
±ϹŴɱֱ߳۵þüּѻء
ΨɽȣʱʧȥĳַΧС
ɻ֪ʱܳǴ˵һʺһιĺ𣿡
ղƤݺһܱ𣿡
ʼǸư;ˡ
ղ賤һ˫Ʒֻ֣ؽչ̿ɽȵÿһ䣬֪ЩпܻεĲľ
ԡ⣬ľ˲
Ŀղ迪ʼһע
ɽһЩľۿɼزˣɢ¹һ˲ȫͶһƬ
ӲղӴע뾫
۾ĳ̶ȣڼ֮ϣǳѳղմ߷һ͸ɡ
ȷ˼£ղŽ˳ʽ߷
ߣȥһɽͷ
ϤĻʣϤĲղظǰ̣ڼ仹˵
ҲᣬԶİְ֡
ȿȡɿ
ղƫͷʣҪɵ𣿡
ܿǹܴ޵꣬һ̱ʵ޴롣
ԡ˼ӣش֣¡
ʲô˫ϵ飬Ӧ˵
ղ迴ӣĪЦ̫࣬ѵöңֻҪ򵥵顣
ʵú棺ʲô
֡
˲䰲ĬƬ̺󣬼궯˼Σ̽ԵʵһɽԼ
ɽгǧֲʵһɽܿĲꡣ
ǿһ΢Цʮɽ壬ǲǰǧ֡
ԽɽλãٿƷ֣ȫһɫĲ軨ǵĳȻҪǰЩϲˡȾӻϱռмơ
ղڸǹ뾫ʱԳһЩͬЩϵЧһ㻨ݵ֮һ
һѣѭ򽥽
ûҪѾ͸֧һϡ
ղֻԻƬ̣Լľֵһؾ롣
Լ쵽ʱղ֡
ȺɽּĻݱ̫ʱĳȫղڵķλҶӻضһƬڱơʣŶܻˣ
Ҫһʱ䣬Ѿ飬ܿͻᱻӵ
൱˻塣
ٹЩСԻģȻģȻ˽¸Լͨ籨š
ˣôղջѯʡ
Ĭˣָһ꣺ô
ղ΢Цʣأ
롣
ȻҪȻҪ
ǰ˵ղ֮ȥһ˻壬εķҪɿࡣżλǣСûʲôڸУۼΧһճǴ
ղ費ɫͷųסԶԭĲľԸоİע룬ûбԵط͵ϢǰδеİȫСඥԼҲЧ
ʱţСܵԶΪԣϲǿʵ޷ܡ
ղûмɣŲԶľ֮ʱʧ
һգ˵죬һɫĲ軨Сͯղ衣
˭
ղ裺ӵˡ
˫佨һʵֻҪղ룬øӴľȥݿסԷ˼άûôҲûҪ
ϵҪѪԵøֱӣСͯղһֺС
ӻ𣿡
ڻûС
ղڵأסļ򣬻ҽղ衣
κһ׹Сͯһ˫עҪǰ𣿡
ղ⣺ֻҪһţʹڣ˵𣿡
ۣСͯղ軰еİʾ
͵λȫһ֮䡣
Сͯתͬ飬Ȼְ֣㿪ľͺá
ղָ΢΢ʱֻǰһڡ֪ʱߵ󣬷һ¡
Сԭû̵ܻĽ׶Σѡղ裬һС
߿ƼʱҪͨ籨źףղ罻˺ţֱ˽ţǵüʱۼ
ڴ绰Ҫ׺ܶࡣ
ֽһ䣬źһкղͼûٶ뿪˻ĵؽ硣
ĲٵӶǣ뵤ӽĴʡȫĵطʡӣ֤ʲôϿҪö֮˼ҲľƵꡣ
͵ͨȣֱá
ȥʳϢ졣
ڴݵĹУղľȷʵЩ͸֧ˣϴζ޷ſڴϵߡ
ϴ裬ͷʪģһ£ͷ˯
ղһ
ΣѴùȻַղ迿Լͷʼͷ
ΪղڴУȻ˯òɽ
Ǿεһֱ֣𻡶ȣ൱ᡣ
ǡ
ղʱѾܾû߹
ûϢ𣿡
ҡͷļ¼鶼ղ޹ء
лʧܿʼϾֲ̫ԤУµԷܱǿ˺ܶ࣬ȴû뵽Ἤֵ㾳硣
ҲһˣǸ֣Ʋķˡ
䣺ϵڣֻҪԸ֣ºǲֻޣǽõȫ
һһԸ꣬ЦڵĶĿ鲼磬ҾͲҲˡ
ףڰʧܿȸϣ׷ٶڻ£԰æؾơ

˯˯ԣպղ»ĸо
һֻ˽żըȫԻСǼ޾ϸн㱨
Ѳɽӽͳһ˷ζ¶ˮ
һλֵ˴ߵĶӡ

ղһ飬ҲϸֵزȻ»Ķһظһˣƺڵн档
ڵԵζظϻʱմȾͬϢС⵽
룺Ϊ˰׻
䶼ӵޡ
ղڲôô򽻵ģҪлϧһд۶Ըҡ
һݱܣ
ղ跴ЦˣȻҪôǾ취ֱӽ
Ȼ岻壬ԼûҪ顣


96 
ղڴ߳űܣʱͻȻ͸Сӳ񣺡ڲϣǵٺױ¶
߷ɹһֻ񣬺ιһ㣬пڷġ۾
ػػһЩá
飬ϣֱӵͷ
ղûн뻨أֻǻڵӽΧкһֻС˵Щ飬ͼһЩ뿪
⣬ų壺ȥ
ղ裺Ҳм⣬뿴𣿡
뿴Ļ
׻
ôԶɱλ˰ɡ
ֻһЦղܿЦݻصϣλڳһﲻԶҲ̫
üȷˣ
óƺ⣬ղϰ׻һЩҾС
һ֡
ղ迴µͼ׻ָ˳ķ˿ʼڡ

һǵɸ黹ڼ
ȵӰ˵飬̻ŲΪѾֳǿҵĲ
ļδҲ̫Եˡ
ԭǰɣԱߵϰСϾӶǸġ
й롢Լղİ𣬲Ѿ·رۻ⡣
ļҡ
һſűڣͬʱ΢΢
ûӦ̧ͷעŶǰߴĽԥ߽ȥ
һ˿Ӱ죬ҪΪ˼ĸۡ
Ҳоͷ
ʵ൱μĶǿߣһƫƧѪУҲûκձɽļ
ס֪Էϲϻȥ㿪żɽѾڳ֣һղټֽ
۵ƫԭĺӣΪӣҲû˼档ռ˵Ҳļҡ۶Ů˽ģᵥΪй˽߾ðȻԼ֡
˵ԼжϣղԸ껨壬һ϶ìͷָǣѾ򡣡
ԸԸ⣬Ҫһ㡣
۷Ĳ豭۾һУϢһʱ֪ͨҡ
õ֤˿Ը֣ѹܶࡣ
ÿ춼ƽȵؼڴ˵֮ûʲôرšֻȦ֪ǰѻȼըҩͰ
һƽƽİȻҪԶŵϢ˶²Ҫղ֡
ʵֻҪ룬ȫԷסϢûôȻҪղ豥ѹ
۳Ȧ˽¾һС;ۻᣬƱյ佻̸
˵зղټ
һλμӹЦͦȥﵨӿ󡣡
Աʼ磺Ҳ뿪ǣΧղѷɡ
ĵ˺Ծ
ղȷʵи
һʼ֪ͬطϣֱյСϢѾ½ǵ֣תټһ֣Ϊľܱ߳Χ
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ΧлأΪţڳڲĻϼļҵ峤һЩħͷ˶о¡
ǽжⶨΪħϾղܱôѾħ
кܸߵйղһЩ򿴵
ɽųħĺǲЩˣ
ղһѾ
ȻҪתص㣬ôҾԼǸΣշӣһ¡
˿ͼһɽ壬ԶԶڵĳ롣
еԽԽţ෽Ѿ롣
ղԷЦ£ˣϷҲˡ
Щû飬ֻúɻɢСѰһЩҩݵӣ
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΢ЩҩһЩ롣
ղб鵽һĻЦֻǰ뷢ڣá
ȻҲһ㣬޷޳ʱĻǱ˾Զ̬֮ȡ
ղÿһС׻һҩ裬ηڵؽͶš
ܲҪ¶ټ
С׻شҩ뿪
ղͷüʣǼ㿪ţ
ߵ㡣
ߵ㣬ΪҪԶѾٰӷ磬ͬʱҪһ顣ΧٵС˼ԣҶó
޶ǵջܴÿԽŻļҵĶȥĿġ
ղ̧ͷĿбǰھߵֻʣ²һӵʱ䣬˿϶Ѿˡ
ʮʱԶ˴˷ĺӿȣľøıҡҷķ
ղ̲סüЩŵسżӣеԶû޻ǲҵҩλ
һ£οҪԼ̡̫
ʵղǫˣûҩЧһƬˮȵС
ڸոգ׼һο˵һֻûüĳ㱻ĺϣеӳ㱨ʧؽ뷢ڡ
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ȣղӦþڸ
ҵô˶µҲֻˡ
ǰȫһԲʱŻڣղһķƺܵһռ䡣
۶Դ˺ƽûķʲôȿ϶ǸдƷ
ȶҲܶãԷôȥվ
ֻʱͻȻˡһֱӹҶϣǱ߻ڼֲиش
ڽͨظϳ峤﷢˱ը
Ųһ١
˶ĿͬԵ绰ͷʶ뿴ȥ
:һ±ըʱس̶ȡ
ղ費ͬʱȥ飬ҪôͬҪô
ѣҲѯʡ
ظϳʹʾݲȫͳƣһһǧһദը
˵ʲô
Ҫǻ屻͸ɸˡ
˰˼䣬һֻĸߵ޴˽˾ˣһ߿Сĳȼ˿ڣʹü
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һ仰۷塣
ԽԽ裬Ҳòȥ취תۼħֻܴʣһˡ
ЩСһʱøʲô
֪˭̾˿ȵ۴ҵδ룬е㡣


˶ݷֱʱղվھɽͷ˸Ƿ
ϣϲ͸С
뿪ǰͼСµǱ
˽һһеıʾԼը⣬еҫը䳡
ղظһЩҪߡ
[ھۼʣûǡ]
˭ҲỳɵЩŻβõСοҲûȫԱֹĿ൱
[ɽΧĲľпǵףСȥǸܵҪһֵ顣]
ֶ壬ϣܵõղԴ
һղ˽һοҪըСͬҪ֡
ղ裺[һҵʱ䡣]
ǰ¼ɾղ迴һְɡ

ܸܵСĹֿܣһ첻֣ͻÿ챻һ顣ǼǵĲľǻǰ
һ˸Сʱ˶æ£ڼһˮûȹ
ɽڶϣղɤӣݺݺ
ˡ
𣿡
ԣܿ϶ǧ˰Ǿˡ
ǳأ
ǵһǧٸ֡
ղ赹һ
ĺȦڵ˯һ롣
ղ̾Ϣӡ
ʵǹۣ¿ڶԷϣ˯ǰ߶ţʲôá
һȺ໴СҶӣְְְ֣֣֣֡
ⲢȫΣΪþ߷ĻݣǼһصľղܸ֪һЩС
ǵصеصղֻʣ°ְ֣򲻹ͼ룬ħʶظһ䡪
ְ֡

ңԶǼʡ
ٻ¼ûϹۣոձüģͻȻղ΢΢һȷû
ְ֡
ղںԼְ֡
ÿָʹסۣǺӾ˶ŻýؿǺ֡


97 
ʱٲͬҲ̫ס
ûзǣһֱǼս涴ÿջ᲻Ϸ׷涴ǷɢȥԶľѰȴ̵һŶʧʯӵļʻҪã
٤۹ʯԭһַѪȱʯԭͷŲΪЪս
£ȥ棬ʱͬʯԭ͡
˽λϵĴ·񣬾ԲʴȵΪʰΣͣ֡ͻȻ뵽һֿܣʣǲС¡
һ˲ĸӦȻܼ٣ȴЧϢ
ͨղӽǿ˺ܶƷֵĻݡ
һЩǼʱȻвûмĲľһҴұųǰͲ׽һЩرƷ֣ۺοϢѾ㹻
󣬾ʯԭĩա
һ仰֤ʵµĲ²⣬ͣһžƨŤƬ΢ǱߵĲô
ףѾڰС
ʯԭС£һͳӦĴۡ
ͻȻ˶һ
رͳ°һ¶ԷǼʯԭ壬ʱɱٻĲû뵽Ȼֹͣ˻档
۶಻ţȷʵǻصǣֱȥĵĳԿңŵ˲ֲ
ղǺսһ׹Ǽսĳ涴ٻ˲絽75ڹ⣬75~90ڹ
ȥʱ䣬ѾųǧŲֻʮӲʾ
˼Ƭ̣ղħһ˵˵ĿԪغ⣬ĳĳɷ֣Ҫһһ̽飬ʱֻҪʻɴΧӦһ£ȷһ
ֻҪ׼һ£Գܴ֡
Ըȥн׽ʿȳһǧɴ
ս̫ԷɴΪԳࡣ

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ӱŽصجоѣΧвȸʬ塣
֣սһ䣺Щ̫ԾǺѡͷ
Ҫȥš
ղֻɨ۾ȷڵĶĿ
βʹ⣬һͲѰࡣһ½ǣڵɧƽϢˡס
쳹ʵĺѾ˥
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ǲһֱںȥսԿֻԼҪȺٴǰǡ
һ䵹ʲô¡
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ͳֽʸ
һܴϧǰäŻе׵ķǷϢѣдŵĻչв㡣
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ڱٻǰ֣ԹʣָҶˣԲԣ
ղ趢Ƭ̣ȻðһҲ̵뷨
δ䣬ɻȲš
űСŵż뿪
ڵ״̬̫߹Ҳǰ޹⡣
˵֮ǰΪޣµò׻Ҳȥ˺ղ衣ϧήҲ񣬷ֹؽ硣
ռһֻ߼ޣͻȻסŲ
ͷ֦ѾվһС׻һŹĶǱŸС
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һ˳ȷʵǿľߡڽ׼ԣΪֳٶȿ죬ǻвɱ̭ͬ塣̸ŵõǲ̭Ʒڵʵһ¥
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һûбɵɻ֪Ķˡ
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仨ô޻ײУ
ֽʵһ㣬ºڳԺڣһղޣԼͻΪӮҡ
ɻʱû뿪ղ費Բ̸УЩ¶͡

İá
ղһдţڶǵţ׼˽ŵʽѦֵĶԷ
ţʾٻȥ

ݴղھȹ˼롣
ڹȥĻͷ϶ԹԺڸѦżбʾһϮɱɹԷֻȸɱ峤ѡʼǰļҾûʱȥһϸѡ
ˣѦǶֵĿԲ󡣡
һͬİʯļңǼʵοˡղڲ˽ϣʱһһֹ͵Ϯ
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Ϊɱ֮һղ軹עԷ罻˺š
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ղζֵˣñ˭塣
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ϣɽͷղ֪崫ѶϢͣڰС
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Χ̣㻨ϹԮҲҪһʱ䡣ҪɱһѶȹ̣ڸҶ˼ǿԴԴϵṩޣҲΪǸǧѷĺûᡣ
ٺĵĲһӰ죬һղ趼ܰѶԷ˳֣ɱҲܴϡ
磬ղ赽ڻû¶棬ڴ˵Ա߲۵С׻ϣЩ˱ڰۻ𡣡
С׻ʣп𣿡
峤һۣ
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ʱһһȥС׻˵ʮ˷뿪壬ʱӦÿ쵽ˡ
ԭô޵Ȼоһ˿Ϊֹ޷ղڻ巢չӦ
С׻׼ṩĳʱ䣬γ˵ĳһ
ؾ벻Զ˷ɻĻҪתֻҪڹϾͻᱻ˶°Ҳܾѡ񿪳
ˡ峤ְŵ棬ͨ΢жϡ
˴̫˷ױ¶Ϣжֻλִ£ֻͬøڰϡ
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λȥʵ飬Ծûҳ챬ըˣҪڲϴŴһȵˮʯŶ
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ǰѾ棬һ˲䳵ըڰУ˻;ȼա
ɢԼĳûüϢӰͬʱϰæסˣԾɸı䲻뱻Χľ档
뿴һ˵ݣг峤֡
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жŶԷȥųǰл
һ˲䣬̾׶Էڴʲô⣺ɱңԲŹ㣬ļҾ͸ܷ㡣
֮ǰѾǹֿܣûļһ壬Һ˺·
һάȵĿռ۲ڽս״ò˵ʵǿô˴Ȼǿƽ֡
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ԭʼķʱãñȴѶھͱֻ׺ܶࡣ
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ĻͻȻסԭղƾճ֣˵ͬʱǻף
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98 
ŴҶĹһƤߺԤ׵ղߡ춼ûüſͱղֱץסߴ磬Ҳ֪˭İ֣Ƴһ
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ûи˼ʱ䣬ɴѾڻ³ӲĽңԶľ룬˾Ϣ
ղŸ߿ջ֣һ۾Ϳ˷ɴβϵı־ǵķɴ
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ϧҪ˵һȷϾǲڲ֪˻þһ߾䡣
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ղӰΪһͷҫĿմȾ˴۵죬ǼϵѪ˺ܶ࣬Ųϼڵ·¶һصǰµ˺ۡ
ָЩܿƵ֪Ѿίݵġ
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ղͼһۣ뵽ʲôĬĬ

ɴٶȼ죬ûñִǡ
ϿձɴΧٰԵҲʱ֣ܳǸǵĵطǱΧ޹⡣
һУղָ·ȷĿֱ÷ɴ׼ļڵ򿪻˲ɱӵűը
׷֮ǰڻ۾Ѿ֪ͨ´һȥص׵ı
Щĸ֪û÷ɴűȫǿϢڵǶ
װĶǷҲ̶ȵĹ
ڲ㲥棬ǿֹͬʱսԱڸеķɴҲЩ
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ĲҲӵͣΧ۲һ¶Էʵٽһ
ȥƽ޲ԴӿƬĿʼģҲû˿͡Գ֣дһʱ˷档
ļҵķõϴÿһ϶лƷģޱȡϧ̶ּʱֽһıࡣ
ڻ۲ò죬ûи˵Ļᣬ֮ɨ
ļڸڶַ࣬´󲿷˻Ǳ˵࣬³Ѫ
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ڻͻȻ֣һܲ۵ľͷƯڰУӵͶѪߣȫ
ĿûЩѪϣǽǰһɢǰһɵ˿Ʈȥ޷ҡҷÿһմ˶ǵѪɡ
ڻ۸ܵǰδеΣУʹûȥӦԡһ䶾ˣʱ̾Ȼǻ¡Զ˺ǿǳֵһβһΣܵѹơ
ҪԷܳ֡
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ڻĿһؾͺá
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氮۵ĳ̶Ȼǳղ

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һǣͿƽõ߶˵ļò±ߣԸλҲûл
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һӦͷ̫ӴֻƼ׵һС֣Ȼϳ

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˫һۣ˲øոֳ·Ƕôʵλųٽ룬˲ܽ
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ղſڣðβһԼ˵жŶ̫յţ


99 
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ղҲûмɣάȫòԼʱڶԷģؿ˽
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ץʱ䶯֣Ƶ͸ʮĺ⣬ȻȥͷҲ١
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ʻԱЦ˵дڸʽͬ򣬻רŵǼߡ
ǼʱҲм˶ǵɽ࣬ͨȶĳ涴ͬðա
ʻԱһۣ㻹ᣬԺҲȥתת
ղڨЦһˡ
ִЩ꣬ÿһгңϵͳд˵©죬˵˰ãΪ˹һҪŪ


102 
ˡ
ղսʱͬ˷һξͷʾѾˡ
һ˵ûаܡ˼ȺڵķŭҪһ㣬ǸʲӼҲǰȫ⼸ϣڽֵϲ㱻ʯӺͼ
Բһµʱĳղ⣺һºļǳûˡ
֮ǰɽΧߴļֵʬ壬һµ֪Լл߾ȥʱרŸɪ⼸ˣǰɽȰΧļûһ
峤һȷȱʧļҾһ⣬ܿͻᱻϷָɾ
˵ѾȻ֪ǼʲôԹ۾ûϡ
˵ŸƬ׼ղ迪һ¡
ûߣղһʱԼԼס۾ٹСʱĿӰ͵顣
͵һ̧ʱղݵӸһŵһ
ʮָӵؿһۡ
ղ豣˵ȥɽһˡ
ҶҪ˻ݡ


ɽĻݱǰѻļɤӳˣ˱һڱѡ
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ղûпιʵʱֱɽ̸뿪ȷС˳ɳȻ֪ʱ̻ή٣ʱлΪɥ˲٣мֱӿ
ղʧЦԺᾭǵġ
õ涴ȨٽڣػǺܷ㡣
С־ˡ
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ظⷽʵ㲻⿿ղЩģ˼Ƭ̺ϵѦεϵʽֱӣղ罻ƽ̨ҳĸ֣ӵ绰@Ѧ˽ŰԼĺ뷢ȥ
ʵȡñӵֱӷʽɽҲǡ
Ѿ賿Ѧĵ绰ǵһʱɤԴĽģ˧磬һ𣿡
ղֱ׼뿪ˡ
ϢѦ˿ЦԣڶԷϾпܳ棬ղ߰ĵ̫࣬ʲôûֹ
żһһˣ塭
Ѧŵ峤һֵľֳλÿ϶ϣҲ鷳Ȼշ
ʹ˵ôһ͸
Ҷϵ绰ղʢһȡʣµ֡
ʣµģʻЩʶʣʣ١
ղ豨һŵ֡
øⰲú飺ȻȥȻѼͳȡԼսȥС
⡭ղЩɣ̫ðɡ
ʣȡʹֻ࣬һʹ࣬ʲôõģ
٤˵߼һղ޷޷ġ
˵˵ײ̫̣һ֡һʱȻô棬Ȼûһյġ
ղ裺Ҳˡ
˺˼Сʱ֣̫ȼɢ
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ղΪȻ뻻
ڴ֮ǰ۷ػһˣͻεǲС˵Ҫ뿪顣
С˵㱣֤ǡ
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Сʮ棺ˣǻԵطıȽϿס
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էһ仰ղӹʱһؿ֤ôõġ
˵ԼͼֵôһȺСӶ˶ߡ
ллǻءСĿУղ̾Ϊ˸õء
Ȼ߰ɣսڴˣȥء
߼ջɹ˵СǴһʼղӣֱӹɵָ
һֱ˵ʡΧСڲͣջֱۡ
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ղ裺ֻеĪĸд
ȥһֱڶ񣬴ʱ䶼ģ֪ʲôʱԼ˱Ӱһ٤۹뿪ʱг˯ǰֻǸոպС˵ټÿһټøҴҡ
ǿ룬ƽ˵һθọ́Ҫϧһֱµġ
ͻļղ⧲
Ȼ⼦ܿ˵٩ȷϹϵ󣬿϶Ҫص۹ٿ߻ṫʱһ˼
˵ݶƽĬĬ̸λʽС
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ǰ̫ˡ
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ʱڰæ飬ղ࣬Ųʼһ߲ʱƳһղ裬΢΢Щȶ
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ղĬĬһĴָߡ
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Сġ
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ղЩѰôˣ˵һһ֣һ˶Ρ
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ڿһڡ
һƬݵǰղһɨƨŤξƱô죿
Ϊǲ࿴룺ǣͳ
ͷʯԭֻӣͳĻʹ



103 
ǼĽ涴Ȩһʼͳ飬ͬ۹б
ռȨƣʼѡ־˻¬Ϊͳ֮ӵǱղѹ̧ͷ
ԭǻ׼
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ֻʯԭΪʲôжһ컹øʯײ
ײ¼żȻʯǱǿиıйӰǰڲ߻
ߣղԭԼȥΪ˹Ī˲ѡֲ˵ͳԶ˳С
ʼ˵ǲǵȥϵصһ£
ˣԭǸЩǵط
˭֪ɫٿһ΢΢죬ְѿյȡ
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仰ڷʱղûã˿̱һ˵ƤҲЩ̣һֱʹš
ƽذǰѿյ¶ַŵһЩ
侲ղ迪ʼķ羰ÿ·һʱͻ࿴ۣĬкЩ
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ͳȷʵһֱڹע
ԷǰͻȻǣһֱЩ֮ǧɴҪǼսĳ涴ͳ²ҪȥѰղ裬ŷ
ʱƺƴǼս˶Դ۷׷ףӸλΪһӾȻôס
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˵˾ϴԣǼʱܳѵʿõķʽϴֶαȻ֯ײеʯԭˣҲܷһ
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ʯײ¸Ŀռ仹ûг׻ָȶû⵽涴Χϸ΢ĶµʯԭһǱ롣

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ǰսȴ٣ǰ٤۹ľӡγдǷɴǳǼͳսȻҲ٤۹Ŀʽ
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ϲ֣ɣά˹ܹҲûǰ߶ãһڿٶȡ
ҲüʻԱ٣Ȼ㡣
ɣά˹һĸλߡʱͣЩֻ70ڹķΧѰҡ
δ֪Щղһеͼ򣬵һ˳롯Ϊ漰ûԽ֪ԽãǰЩҲǻ٤۹ľУע⵽
⿪ȫߵһരߣ㱻ҵϢѾ˹ȥǻһ
ӳһ̽·ʯղ˲²⣬ѲͳҪϮɱĸλǰ֣
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⼸ѡֱٳ֣ǹͬʯԭ壬ȻʨӴ󿪿
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ղһư󾡿ƽʣҪƵ𣿡
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սмͻȻһͨл߾һս˽²ʣͳȥ
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л߾ĵڶղһȵȵȻǸĺߡ
Ҫȥˣǲʣǲܲ塣
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ÿϵͬһʱղҲһ˫峺л߾
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ǰġӡһòµǵܣһʹЦգǴ˵ежж
ղֵ˱͵ǰʦǲץģһжȻֶǺЩһǺĸհԶ

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һϣʾղǰл߾ʹԷ鲿⣬²ܴɣ˽Ĳ̫ղ͵鲿˹Ӵ
ʱʱ䣬׼
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һ̣л߾ڷֺǱȣ鲿һ


104 
ղͼĹػ뿪ղ󻹲ĵض䡣л߾һѾʲô⣿
ĸǱ˲Ŷԡ
ղüȶĳ涴Σϵ̫ߡ
л߾ѵռ츳
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ղ֣һǵΪ˰Լȥ
Ĺıɡ

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ͨڲӵĿ꣬׼һ籩ƽϢ취롣
ǡ෴ڳ涴ڵļλѾҪˣǱԭ˲缸ʮڹĳ涴ڡ
ĿռǧٿףڵͨһڸתĽ˳սзײӴĻϸСҷ׷ɡ
죬뿪ս
ڳ涴ҪĳɱľάܣѾѡ
Դϵͳ𻵣ֻǿšһ˺ò߿˺صĲţ߳սһӰ̼һѪۡ
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󷽼ܴݵؿڣսҶ˵ġ
ղϵ͸޳ˣȻ˱˵Ļ
ֿ͵͵ߡ
ȡ
ղһƻǺס
ı˳Ȼ֣ݹһƣ֡
ղüоЩ졣Ƭ̺ӦͳʱҡźƱ衣
ֻ˿ǰѵ˫裬ףͳĩա
ղ裺㲻ͳĿִ⣿
Ǽ̳У̳Ŀռ۵һ
ղһ־Ʊ˶ϣϣǡ
Ҳԡ˴˶һۣղ΢Цcheers


105 
̶ǵͳ߷һΡ塯˵ʺ󣬵쵼Ҳʾ̱ʾЭ
ղͼ͸ֱ֣ʱ䣬ƻʱĹ⾰ãϧܿΪܰĻд˾㡣
ſϤĸߴӰںղļһ£֣ôˣ
ƣ֣§裬ͳƤЦⲻЦòɶൣЩӹò
ͣһʣ֪˶𣿡
³ɤɳơ
ղһۣعص֡
ͳȻǾ׼ҲԵ޹רƵǣΪ˴ߡ
ʹѾҪ۷Żȥһˣ߸˿ࡣ
ͷ
ȻŸݣϵĹҪλϾ٤۹ǱߵѧĩҪȥгɼˡ
ֻǡղ裬Ļ÷ֿһ¡
ǿһʱ⣬𣿡
ҪͷȻʶ˵Ĳղ裬תͷƼͳ翴һе
սţСʱɡѸ˵Ķ˵λ󣬼ͳ˳ȥ
ղſڣȻȥȹǱͬ⽻ˣҾȥһ٤۹
˽Ҳʽսʱţ˵ᱻǽͳԡ
ٴ֣һ֧衣
ûоܾղ΢Ц֡

ƻҹĻһ̣뿪
˵ǰСʱɣӲĥ䵽һųս⣬ڼһͷʽǲգղڱ֣֪Ϊ
٤۹ʶᣬͳʵڿȥʵڲᣬǿԱ˴ŶԷƬȹһ¡
Źرյɲǣóһᡣ
ͳƤݺһ
սɵ߿ʱѾ෭һᣬָճı飬̸ս¡
ͳֱӸһ֣죬ǾͻЭ
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ͼͳƵĲ࣬ͳʯԭƻһ¡ԭû׼ձҪֱӽȥΧʯԭڵ򣬲֪Ϊʱı⣬ٻ˾ӡ
ͳԴҲ˿Ҫһҧ
ϣ٤۹˾гߵԡΪ˷ųʾͳܲʯԭʿȥɱСϱһ֤ɨصĽ죬̾ʵ¡
ʯԭ˲˭Ԥ⵽δʯԭƱػչһѪȵı
ڹ˲Ժ飬ϳͳǺܿҪѡһͳǰͳĿǰȥһ
úܺãҪеͼλѹ˳֣ñ֤Σ

˵µʱղ׼һЩزҪȥյͬѧ
ͬһ벻нʽ淨
ΧͳĹںȥ̽䣬ղѡ˺ߣ˵Ҫȥ٤۹һˡ
δֹǰ͵۹ͨĻһ¡
˵ĻʵղҲ׼˻ṫԼͼĹϵ
Ҫ߻ٲ˷Ը壬ӿɱ˴дٽɫ̡
ѯղ費Ҫ˸׼ʱҡͷܾ˲֪ͼ֮巢ʲôнǹµʱ䣬дݸˡ
٤ǱǶ죬Ҹëڱ
ڱȽϿĳؾУҪװҲûϵ
ƽճĬԣղϣ޾ϸĽ
ұ֤ղ״纮ҹҹ
Цˣȥ˯ɣϢҪ
ղֻ˯СʱΪ֮ǰͳĲǼս涴Ŀռⲻȶʱͻһױֻߵ㵽˵䣬Աܿ״
սٶȻ㣬Ҫ賿ղ˯ĵʮһӵʱʰԼרȥսͣ㡣
һ·÷ɿ죬սʱպÿһӡ
һҪľҪûа취ɳһǧҸ߼սС
һȥʲôսǵսʱɻԶʧʲô׵϶пܡ
սѾ㹻սҰޱʹ޶׿
˳ԽǼսղԶĳ涴̾˿Ҳָ֪ܻܲҪһֱȥպȥСѡ
ȶģҲ޹ء
ǽߣǴһ֡ղǿ·Եľȥҡ
ȥӪ˯һſڵʿ˵
û˻ЧõĵطӪ΢ãȷʵʺ˯
Ȼճ˭˯ߣ϶ᱻĹѪͷղʱһ׵ĺϵ
뵽ȥϢС¿

֪ʲôղȷʵʿп
ŸչţһתͷͿվӪԵĻеޡ
ѾʮȷһϵͳĻ֣ʱղ軹ôЩ졣
ϵͳƽʣÿ𣿡
ղ룺𱨳һЩҿĵ顣
ϵͳϦ飿
Ҷϡ
ղ⣬ʣΪʲôַʽһȥ
֮ǰ˵ɺܻصԭ磬ͬϵĻȥ
ղҿ϶˲˼ˮ֡
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һʼǿһ㣬ֻܴ˱ѹ
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סϵͳƾץסһɫɡɡѹסղС벿ֹ˵ȥ
֣֮䲻ɿ顣
ڣϵͳŸҽսҲ̫޼ɵսϵ˲٣ȥʱбֵķա
ټϵͳ뿪úȥ񡣡
ںϽع
ղһѾذ˰֡
޻е񣬿ֻϵͳô

ǵսʻʱ٤۹׼Ӵˡ֪ղ費ϲӣܶûа취һдӼ򣬶Էδ̳˵ݷʣǾͱҪ߹Ӵ
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ԶǷչ
൱ϵѹ
һУѧվڿ͹۽Ƕۣûдʲô˸ɫʣһѾʼȲֻϸַͼ⼸Ĺɼ۸µ˲١
ѧĩһ죬ڶǼڣϧһУѧݷǸ󣬺ܰЪϢʱ
ռżͳϯ
ⳡỹвˣƩۡٵˡǿʼԽԽغͼ˲μʽϡ
ܡһ΢ֵӹͼͳ֣ǳ̸˼ϣ޵һ˲Ű
۰Ѽһߣѹ˵ӲһֱǼ̸̣Ȼһֶûᡣ
ʲôԭﶼǾüͼһû䣬¼ͳҪһӣͼĸӹϵҲܸѡߵĹͼһӴ˲ᱻ۹
ĿⰡһ䣬ղϵôΪϵķչҲӡ
ʱ߹ʵ
ʱĸٺãպ漰ϵҲøӡ
˼ļ򣺡ղԶ漰ʲôš
һۣӷɽǶ˵δҵĲƲȫģǽΪ˹ͬ壬湲ͬ塭
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˶Ļɴǣղ赱ʱʱ൱ʵС
뵽һ£ǵսͻִѵҪ
ͷ
ʽͲҪÿÿȥʱɽݡ
̫ˡ̾ȹ˽죬Ǹ߸ϵ̫Щʹ˼㶼Ҫ⹧

ǼҺĹ£
ٸտһЦֳĵƹȻһȣԤʾʽʼ
һǰ˶ҪóһƷڴǰͼҿν⵽
ͳһаЧ룬ֵƣ˲Ÿոչʾ꣬̾˽мۣ˰Ǳҡ
۸Ǳȵ׼۸߳ʮǱңΪм۵һҵͷûϼӼۡ
۱Ҫƣٰס㿴Ͳƺ㡣
Կȥû㲻˵ȷʵһں̬ȡ
˿̲˶ڳͳǱͶȥߣڵͷͨѶʱɫ죬²ǲΡ
ߵļ˼ҲϣŲǰղ蹲ͬǳᣬ˳Ļ˾ܼ档
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ղٴǿʮǽʿŸŶ·ȫеĸ߹С
ղ辶ֱߵ˼ǰַα޿ɲǣͷעŶԷ˫ۣǸˡ

ۣⳡͷƤ顣
̫ѨһҪȤ𣿡
عȻʶʲôƫͷͳ硣ߴӸոһֱͨѶڿԭ
ǵսǰִˡͳ絭ÿ԰ǽΧ
¶һɲ΢Цӣϲ𣿡
˵վλøղ裬Լ˺š
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䣺յķǮһȥΪƻ¡
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˾ӣʣԸ׼𣿡
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᳡ٿ߻ĵطԶղ軹ûü꿪ͷѾˡ³ͣظʺãҪգ͸ûʱϸ롣
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106 
ղʱܺãǼڣԾԼǰѳ档
ˡСȫԱһۡ
Ȼʲôζǿǵղ裬ǻǰѼص㶨һҲСĵʽǷǳ£ҪȻˡ
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ʱۼվղһһңһͣδĶһؿ˵顣
ٻĵԪĶĴָ
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һףðŵ˵ķѡļĿĵغ⣬һվгǡ
˵һй𻯵ɵĴ˵ǰνĩʱɼǵĿȣкܸߵоֵ
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죬սһֱУûоǼսû޵ɧţǸ·գʶ߲Ծ
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ղѣǼʴ鵢ˣ֮û̳ȥ
˵ˣĴżӱܣȥʱЩѾˡ
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˵ͷ֪Ѿ׼
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ããܿķ羰̫ˡֱʱ˾䣺
ǡ
ۡ
ںˮղһ˳


107 
ղ豻ˮǺסֽͬʱıû°ɣ
ղشúϽʱû¡
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