صС˵www.27txt.La ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ

ϵѧֱзС
: ǧǿ
:
ԼϹ
⣺Ŭ׷飬־ʤ

һͷǷСǹİ·
ᣬ¡
ϲԼķС
С½ǸֱͬС
½ͬԵĸΪˮޣͳһ費һˡܾԷԾЧһҲˣ
ܾĵض˵ⱲӶ̸ܺû⣡
䣬ʵƫִַʱ޿̲ôܵõ½Լеһƣ½ԵͷתԶ
ͷ½еίĪԼˣʾãʧܸա
һ죬½̲ȥˣȥסһζίҪʲôֱӺ˵Ϊʲôң
ƽؿѾϹĳˣΪϲ㰡
½
ɰױ죬ɺףоӸתɴܿˡ
ûã½ٴҵɫͨһ¿ɲ԰ȻҲа
죬ҡ
½ԴһƬհףȥȻ֡С
Ķʾ
1У԰
2ˬˬġ
ɵɳͬƫִϵ
л֧֡

ͷǷСǹ
ʱ࣬AУݣֿקһ·˳˳ˮֱоʵһѧܡ
ѧӦǣͬǹϵУ԰񣬳ɼòʵҲ££˵ġ
ʱǸ⡣
Ӧ൱˳ۡӦǱ洿ʵпȫǺڵģһһë
ʱò׿һûʼ׷ͱӦǽȵǡ˵Ĺϵ˲ˮ𣬳ͷ
ʱ߷߲ƽȥ˾ưɣߺȾƱ߷ģһҪݺݵر
һҹᱳʹԱ߾Ȼͷ
ʱĬ룬ŭӦǣɱ㣡
Ӧһ޹סʱʵѧѵ㸺𣿡
˵ſĻϲɺȴ
ʱࣺ
˭˭𣿣
ڶҧƨⶥԼ
ӦһЦð´Լʲôʱ򣿡
ʱࣺ
Ķʾ²и磬˼˵
̲СǹƯ
л֧֣


1 
ͬ
ʮĩ轵խСǽĿڷ
ĩת
խСڣǽƾɹڷ죬һƬľ¥ƾɲٵľ˼ҹŲǨ
վ¥ӰУڴһ֧̣ȼ
΢Ļ⣬ɲǼƯӺβµ롣
̵ûɫȻؿǽϣŲԶĳ
һڸķС½ס
ϲ㣬Ըһ𣿡׵Ӳߣֻһңͷһݵؿ½
½ȷǸ˵ʱӽһ׾ŵĸӣӢ˧ӣҾԽȴûһ㸻ªϰ⿪ʣϡ
ʱ½Ļüͷ΢壬൱ѺõллŶҲϲԼٺ١
Զһ£½ѵû˼
ٽҵ˼ǣ̸
½ɫѿһǿЦ費һˡ

½ܾ˼ǲôתºؿһ½гУ˵ˣҾú䰡
ֻĻº½ҲĿ˺УϣͬصһͷУ
Ϊϲ½һԼ·ϻǫõʵҲô
δ䣬Ϳ½·Լϡ
ɬı˲ˡ
½ߴ·˵ллѣȻůͶˡ
УĶɴ䣬͸һ˧
껹ѺõЦһ£ʾл
ҪƽʱһĻܻԣˣ޿̵½ǺôҲѰɣô˵ϲ㣬ϲ㣡㲻Ҫû
ҲȦܻͦӭͣ½һ½һ㶼ûжġ
½ЩΪѵӣϲң
ΪϷҧŴίίȻأҲһֱ˵𣿡
½˸߲ҵģ̫ˣ㲻ҵǮɣܵýû㻨Ǯ
˲ˣв
˵ͷҲص뿪ˡ
½Щģǲ⣺ú˵Ż˿ɲǺϰߡ
Ǹܵøˣ֮Ӱ٣вǻ׷һ
ߣ½ܾ˸׵ˣϵı鲢ûɶ֡
Ǹ飬ֻΪԼһʧܵĸס
Ϊ½ķСе
½ͬͬԵĸױЫ޲
šźÿüԱ߼һûȡͰһ˹ؽš
ʱ͸ոǸ̵ģˣٲȻѾΪ˴ϤǸѧ
飬ϴҺУʦҳϲǸ꼶һ
Щۣ˴Ӳںһ̶ˮֻ˺²ܷ
ڣǸܹˣһ
ղĹ½϶һȦ˿ӵĸߴӢڿ˲䣬¶˲õЦݣϲô
ѿ½˰װֽӵƵɨ½һۣΧ㱻װ
ʺܱƽʱ䣬ڷʹһֿϷϷʡ
½ոձ˸׶ûӦڲ˶䣺㶼
ף¡
½һ˵ܸ߳С
šͷ㣬Ϊʲôڣ
½һ£ҡͷˣҲʲô¡ΪҵľܾѹҲˡ
̬ܺãһ㶼ᷢƢʵƵʱҲҸɿԼÿ춼
½ҫ۵⣬˱ܵ뿿
֪ˣҲ̫˵ˣȻ˶۸㡣
ֲ֪ɵ˵꣬½õԼУŶҪഩ·
ոջʾˣ·ѵڿ졣
ûü˵
½Ŀһŵľˮζĺ֮䣬˱ۣëͬ˾κˣѪҺŷ
ܿƵؿʼ룬Ҫôǰ˳Լ
½ͬҲҪŬԡ
þڰˣΨһĹ⡣
ϰҪȥѧУһ
֮󣬷ԱŲ˵ǰλҪԵʲô
ʻе㼤ǰλ̫Խˣһ侫£һӢ˧ؼǻһ˵ıڲȥķΧʵǺ˲ע⵽
ӹ˵һۣ˵ˡ
֮£½ԵøĲƴ֣һϲԵġ
ѵѡԼԵİɡ
½ҲûãҿԾͺܿġÿѧϰô࣬ҪԵõĲС
ԱŲ˵Ʈˡ
˲˺½ڵò񻰣ͣظϺ
˼һסԼϺĶϺǶŮ𣿡
½ķӦ
½е㷴ӦϺֽסգãȻƽʱҲ𣿡
Ʋ콻Ůˣ㻹ҰϺ¶ԷԴף
½붼ûѿڶû̸
ܹҪ̸İɣ
֮û
⻰һʱӣֻÿ֣½ϺŵԼ
еˡ
˰죬ʵԼķҡ
αϣ鵭
ʱ½Ӧʲôɴ۾ˣΪʲôͻȻŮѵ£ѵ̸ˣ
½һ˲ľš
Լû̸¡
أ
һ̸ĳ
ŮһѧһԷһ֡
ðɣ󲻳ϾƽʱĹģȫⷽ뷨
ȻֻҪһ뵽˴ͬ£͸еĪίﰺзƷûûζ
ûش½Ļתƻ⣺ˣϽȥѧУ
½ǲģǲõΪһ˵ˣ׽ҲŮѵġ
׽гףǵİΡ
죬ϽԷ
½ίµģڷ˵Լ
һ߷߷ߵ룬һһ˺üֻϺ
극гȥϰ׼ȷ˵½ɵں
ǿȥѧУġ
γ
ﵽѧУԶҲͰСʱ
½γﻹкͣȻȻһгÿ쵽¥µţѧ
Һֻܽһ·ֻһסھ¥һסڱ
Ϊǵ㲻˵˼Լûг˳µÿ½ĺ
ÿѧ·ϣᾡܵغ½ں޹˼ɵض½ıӰ
ֱӶִ󵨡
½ͷĻ˵һ
ѧУͣг˳ȥ
Ǹ߶һ࣬¥
ѧ¥֣ܳģҵģġ
ѧУ˽Уѧβ룬ѧУ쵼ĸı棬Ҳ޼ƿʩ
ĳɼѧУڳߵѧУȱһţֱ½ֻ
һѧУ쵼ɸ˻ˡӸһʼһֱ꼶һı˦ڶʮ֡ĻѧУܳһ״ԪֱѧУüĴûᡣ
¥;У˸½к
ԭܼ򵥣½ָ˧⿪ʣ׺ʹҴһƬ
෴ڿʶض˶㣬ȫ··дĸ֣ʵη
һһ䡣
˵ķ棬Ҳ֪ôΪ˺ѡ
һ֣һ϶ڲԶ
ߵ¥󣬼ǰ½ٴʵ̸
һ·Ҫһ𰸡
Ҫгôﳵ϶ڰ·Ͼ̲סˡ
תͷ۰Ͱ͵Ŵ𰸵½ôϣ̸
½æصͷȻ
Ϊʲôʡ
л˵
Ҷգ


2 
ÿ췢
ǱΧһȺʲôϾϰˣҽң
Ϊʲô
½Ҳ˵
ϣܵһ𣬲ϣٶһˡ
˵ʱԱߵŮ䴫һУڲ͵
ţһĻë˳滹һʧŮ
¥кܶˡ
ھ˶ûӦʱ½һ˻ë˰ſ˵ϡ
ë͵˼¡
ȻһӪ壬ڳ꽡½ǰ
ë޹ŭ˭ʲô£
½ûзſԴǵңʹͽĻ
¥˱ڻ½ļΪ˻һ˲䰲
ǱΧһȺʲôϾϰˣҽң
ͻȻһʮŭ쳹ȡţһʮͷ΢ˣսϡͷ˹
Ⱥ˲ɢˡ
̵ˣ
ĶлӵӰÿ쾫ôôã
ǵĽ̵νƽʱ൱ץץӿεһѺ֣Ҷеسƺӡ
߹ָڳ˵̡
˵ţע⵽˵ϵ½ʹС顣
ŭĿԲڸ½˼Ұڵʲô
½ش𣺡ʦ͵Ůϲץסˣ
һʮĿ൱˵
С鱻ذסڵˣرΣԩҾߴ˲ѣ˭֪ͬѧ׵ؾͳң
͵Ůһң˲伱ˣ͵
ۼԽԽӣɢͬѧȥ˰칫ҡ
˰칫һȻҲˡ
˲üĿչˣ˺üôؽϰأ
ıѧ
ĴڣƽʱѧУ쵼ʱ˶ֱͦ١
һУһվͬÿһ̨ĶشҲĿ֤ˡ
ʵϣֻǵ½ֱڿ죬æ˵մһȡ
ڣԵôüĿ٣ǸŮ˵ʲôϸ˵˵
Ůƽʱӣ£ίòУҸոϲ̧ͷһͷָиԴˣһǸҵʱŵˣæˣ½ͬѧְץס͵ˣ
С˲䷴˵͵ʲô֤𣿡
Ůû뵽ôҪˣҲ˵Ϳˣ
޺鿴Ǹ߷ʱһ㶼ţЦ˵ߴˣߴ𣿡
ŮίǸߴ
С´һۣûôģΪ˭ϡ㰡ģøɻƵģҲȫȸߣҶجΣ
㡭Ů㱻ˡ
ŭС飬ôô˵Ůͬѧ
С첻ߵΣɲôƫİԩ͵Ҳ΢һ£Уλ½ͬѧ㲻ԵɣͰҰڵϣҵȶˣǲǸ⳥ҽҩѣ
½ݺݵսȭͷ⳥ҽҩѣȻٴһο𣿣
С飺
ʶԱ߶˶㣬½ĳˡ
꼶û˲֪½ȨƵ£ֻƽʱΪ˵͵ûҫѡ
ĸһҵĹʶǧҪǡ
С㵽˰ȫ룬˵㿴ڻвأ
һʱҲѾء
ûмأ֪˭ѵǸˡ
գҲֻܵѴСѵһ٣ȻŴһȥϰˡ
˰칫Һ½Ĩ뿪Ůȭͷ߼׷˴С顣
ȻҲ
½׷ȥһ´Сļ
Сͷһǣ㰡ҽҩѰɣ
½Ĵ˵ǣ졣
С㲻«ʲôҩɵʲô
½ĵ˵رС˲Żȥ͵ŮԴѰŤУòİɣ
һԲЦ
κһǷ¶ţСҲ⣺˵ʲô
½ļһûµֵܣҪ伲ҽипҽԺóⷽƣȥˣҵ֣Żݡ
С첱Ӵ֣˵û£
½̾ýˣҶʾͬ顣´ξͲҪ͵Ů˰ɣҲҪһЩټµĻ´ҾͽһȺΧϲ׿ɾûˡ
һɲأ˵սҲ
ֱɱ˻Ҫģ
СÿҪιȥˣֲָָˣ㡭Ǹҵţ
˵Ǳܿˡ
ٴȥԼᱻ
½æе߰һûҽĵ绰أ
С˲ûӰˡ
˻ؽҵ·ϣ½̾ͷ˵ʵҲû
Цһϵɡ
½˵˼ңŸȥ˰칫ҡ
ʵֻ֤Ҫ½һڣүҪ
˻ص˽ҿʼϰ
ͬһſλ
ѧϰ½һԾϷ
ļ϶ƫͷһ½Щʵط
ϣͬһѧǰĿǰ½ʵһĿꡣ
½һѧϰˣҲûиѹԳɼǻ꼶ʮҡ
ѧϰϲϷͽ
½һϷ󣬸һƫͷע⵽Ŀ⡣
˫ɫһʱһרעĸо
½ɬ˼ң
˫峺ӣ˼ΰ
½ƽʱ񾭴ʱͻȻɴ۾
ô˵Լأ
̫Ŷġ
һһ٣ģҾ
½ˣϽ°עŵϷϣϿȴɱٻغϣֲܵŵСࡣ


һ ϰ¿κ󣬰ϵһŮһ̲賯˹ߵ½ǰŵ½ͬѧոץˣ̲ɡ
Ụ̊ģ崿Ų˾ǴҹϵУ
ԴУƽʱ뺷ҰȺܶݣΨ½ǰǻһȻͬģ
ھӣס¥£뺷ħ͸ĤԼμ֤λֵ¼
½Ϸ̧ͷллҲʡΪС²طϡ
̻ûü˵
ֽӹ̲裺ҿʡ
ӹȥ֮󣬾Ͳܣ˹غһڣζ
𣿡½ȤڴĹ⣬Һһ𣿡
̲ݹȥ׼ҪҪһܡ
ûʳڣ½Ѿֺһڣϲĺúȣ
˲䣬ֽ̲˼֣̲豭ӶеΡ
ոպ̲裬½ֽźһڣ㲻㡭ӽǣ
صһ£Ա߱һͷƽԼ
½ɻôˣ
û¡
˽̸ŵˣ̣
վأ
˵ǿ
ɤӣͼ½ע⣺Ǹ
˭֪˼½ûע⵽İﲨ֮ǰ飬üǸС´λ᲻ȥŮ͵
̲裺Ȼᡣ
СŲûͷһ޿ֵģû֪͸ĵ˼
Ҫô찡½ʵеΪŮͬѧǵǣÿܲ
һ붯üĹϵˡ
綼ôƽʱץҵһץһ׼С¿϶ֵ
˵ץסİѱҲû취
˵꣬һ̡
̣
ллŶ
ʱˣ
ֻҲǸûᣬսֻ˲˵ҰæҲǲԣ취Һ½
Įɨһۣʲôأ
ж޴ŻԼϲ˺ͱһ
̣

ôСʲô
׷½ǳŮ
ϰ֮صҡ
ߵ¥˴ﴫһЩԾ
Ű壬óƣ̫壬ڳܡ
ѸԿףš
ű򿪺һ
ڿɳϣңڿӡ
ģȴ괩ųĳȹһ伫ȴήĻ
һߴףһ߶ſ˵С˰
ƽһҽƽʱһ˿ǴŰ״ӾǴһɫװһ˿۾׵ĽϵӢ
šƽƽ壬ûôˣҽԺ£
ԣҽԺһҪȥ
˵ŻƽѾףߵſڻЬ
˴˶ûԷı顣
ƽ뿪ȥһţ̣Ȼ˳ݸ衣
ԿڴЦ⣬ʱ찡С͸߿ˡ
һͷ룬Ϣ
Цźţ̣ԹԵʱһжˡ
ӹӣ̫ץűָʼס
һؿ
һ£һУĸɵˡ
صԼҡ
ʱԼ½ˡ
ر룬뵽Ҫ衣
֪ʲô
óֻ½˵绰
Ǳûӡ
ֻڴϳĬվãȼһ̡֧
谵ĹͶ´Ӱʹ˿Ĺ¼š
ȵͷָȼóһѧӿʼ
賿ʮ㣬ϴڴϡ
Ȼ۵賿һ㡣
겻ùϣ洫Ĺŵ֣֪˶òŲ֪˯˹ȥ
ڶ졣
ʰ¥һ۾Ϳ˵½
½̰˯׶ѵͣΪÿϺһѧԸӶˣ׼ʱԼ
½һӾˣһƲұһŮ˵ú
һô£
½ϽѵСʱ
ֲ½û绰˵ʲôˣ
½ǵ͵Ůǿˣ½ֳ󣬰ԥûУһŰ߳ţȻԸӳ
½൱ʹĵ˵βĳɼ϶ϺôѧʱֻܻؼҼ̳Ҳ˵ǲǺܹ֣ҳɼô
Ĭ룬˵⻰˵˵ˣǧ˵˵
½գգ۾һſɻ󣺡Ϊʲô
д򡣡


3 
Ұһ
ȥѧУ·ϣг˫ץ½Уװѯʵ׵ǻϵ𣿡
½ʱش𣺡ȻûϵˡͼҹҼΣû
˵ʱͷ˿·дˡܡ֡
оԼӣôɴࣿҼǵҲѰɣ
Ǹ½Ҳʶ˲̵ʱ䣬żһ۲֮ģüΡ
½ҲûҲһϲҵ
˵
½ǰгظܵյĲԾϽʵô
һıʲô鲻á
ö˶˵ģôͻȻ鲻أ
½⣬ⲢؿʼοˣҸ㽲Ц
һ벻ˡ
½ߺģеί
ΪʲôͻȻͲ˵˰
ѧ·ϣ˶һ߸ѧУһġ
ڲ˵мį
һ½ıӰģɿڵˣ˵˵ɡ
½һһת뵽һ⣺Ҹһпɣˢ˵ĵʱҪ𣿡

˭鲻ã㶼һп
½Ϸϣôܣܸȣ
ø⸴ӣһΪԼ½ΨһˣһȴΪ˵Ĺϵܽһꡣ
½˵һŲĻҲŶһʮпҲûá
˴гȥеĻֻ˵ǰξˣûҪ㣬𣿡
½Ǻס
̾ˣ㰮զ˵զ˵ɡ
ҪѧУʱһ鷳
һص˻෭ˣһأס·ʩԱֳ˾ߣԱƵͨС
ֻõת򣬴һ·ѧУ
½ĵȻУŶ˰ɣôȥ
ѧУνؼȥ
ѧϰĺӣһʱҲ鲻á
侲зȥ
ʮӺ
½ǰΧǽȵõɴ۾㡭˵İ취ǷΧǽ
ȣʵǺͷΧǽ´ϱߡ
еϲѧϰϲУԶϸһվѧѴĶŵ㡣
½ʻļ϶ѾʼжˣûܣһԾҽŲȵһ͹שϣֻѾץסΧǽأһţͷΧǽ
Χǽϣתؿ½΢βˣ㲻֪£ɶȥˡ
½һʱû˵ǿŴ˿̵һֳ︡˸ոտĻ档
ԾʱУŶ¶һݵƤ׵úڷ⡣
½ΪԼȻôⷢС壬һле߳ܣæ˦˦ԴͼѿĻ׳Ժ
½ĶеĪôˣ
˸òǵһηΧǽֵزɣ
½ҡͷҡóģû¡
˵꣬Ҳһ·Χǽ
õģ˼ֻһʱҲ벻Ȼ
½ܸ߳ȥߣˣո˵Ҳ֪£ָʲôѽ
ԣؿƯȫĵӰ
½עţֺˣ۾֪ķţһῴ۾һῴβǿ룬̲סͿʼпķСÿôôÿأ
ʱش磬Ұһˡ
˵꣬Χǽѧ¥ķȥ
½Ŀɿڴ
ո˵ʲô
аˣ
ʲôʱ£ΪʲôԼ֪
½װʮΪʲôϽ׷ȥ
ʱ̵ΰ칫ңվڴǰ΢ЦһһɨδĻ䡣
ͻȻӰΧǽ˽
һɣæȡ칫ϵ۾Ҫø
ٶ̫죬Ѿ˽ѧ¥
һ´̨Ծ쿪ʼΧǽϷأ˭ҷ
ϰڼ䣬ҪѧϰóӢαʼǵʡ
½ץĿⶼҪˣǿרעģֲĴš
ò׵ȵ¿Σ׼ʣ˾Ҵ˵ǰγ
Ӧһλվ
½һס۰Ͱ͵Ȼشҵ⡣
ɫȻҪȥ칫Ұ
˵ʵƽ沨Ҳͦ
½ôں£ǲ˵ԼҲһЩһĸ飿˵ֻǵĺ棿
ʱ½ৡһվһȥ·ϸ˵
ֻûشʶˡ
˵;ֱ˽ҡ
½õһϢʵˡ
ʶˣ
˭ϵͬѧ
֮⣬һ㵭ί
ȻСܣ
Ϊ֮ûܵģ
˰칫ſڣţһ£֣ĬվԭȺ
ڷ
׼ȷ˵ǳڷƢѰ
װǿΣԼϵͬѧôΣд㣬鷳㲻Ҫ档
ѧУʦÿһ춼ǴӰ࣬ѧУ쵼ʱȻֺõһס
ͼΪԼҳֵɣѾ߶ˣһѧϰĻĿҲЧ󻯡
׸˵ǣ㲻˵ˣҲܣǰϵϡûµĻͻȥɣѧ¡
ŷſվŵڨЦ˼뿪ˡ
ɡ±һˮȻոҲϻ
߽ȥصվڰ칫ǰʦʲô𣿡
һ±ϵ۾ģһ㱣͵£ƾľɼ
ллʦҲ׼ѡ͡
̬ã׵Ҳ¶˾ȷ廪ɲ˶еĻᡣȻĳɼҲܿϣǱһ׵ĵ·
Ͼ߿һЩδ֪أԵ״̬ȶӰ쵽Խ
һ˵ֻҪб͵ĻᣬҲ
ǼԼѡ񣺡ҲμӸ߿С
ҲС
֪Ҳǿȣͷʾ֪ˡ
ѧУνʮѧЩѡ񣬲ʵһԭ𣿡
һɣ͵רҵޡ
ֻһԭ򣬸ΪҪǣ½ֿ
էһƺôһ˿ɻ
ֻᰴԼ뷨ߣ۵Ӱ졣
Լǰ;δЦҲԼҪˡ
صҺ󣬸һ£½ʹ˹Ѿȴˣʶ˭
ûӦʲô
½һ֡Ȼˡı㰵Ǹ˰
һóһڿεĿαһʵ֪
½ϵͷ
Цһȥɡ
½
ô
ѵܱ˴˷ܵĺ
ϣСŲûأɵûֵ˼
ûֳŮ
ͬӶ˺üΣѧУ쵼˸߶ӣСѼҳ
˭֪ļҳӲ֣֣ڰ칫ŭ˺ü¥
ˣ˵ԼĶӾˡ
ó֤ݣȻ͸ѧУ̰
һ˵ĲҪ̶ȣҿǿۡ
СӰ칫ҳʱ˶ק죬ЩܺŮ޲óȥһ١
С鶶˶죬ߵһȺƣȫб֢ҲգԼǸ͵𣿡
Ļ䣬ͱбһſ˵ϡ
С̧ͷ˭
ȻͿŭ壬ȭͷ½
Сոջŵ潵˲٣óľӲͷ˶Լɵĺһֵ뿪ˡ
½˫Ŀ죬Ҫٳȥˣһסˣֲ۰
½ؿھţ̫ˣ
С뿪ķһۣɫ䣺ģܿЦˡ
Ҫ֤
͸֤ݣ


4 
һ˯
ϣصҡ
źһƬڡ
˿ĵƣóֻ
ŷ֣ϰ˵ʱһţ˵Ҫƽһϼһˡ
ֻƽʱó˾ûע⵽Ϣ
£̵ػظԷ֪ˡ
ź󣬿ſյӣ˼롣
Կ׷ڿĲ輸ϣ߳ȥš
бſڵǽϣӣҵ½΢ţ֣Ұ趼ûڼңҲûԿס
༭ú󣬷͡
ͬһʱ䣬½ҡ
ŵıڵƻͨ
½ص֮󣬷躱ڼϢʱȵ裬첻æ
Ĳڳڳ·ϣѾܾûؼˡ
ʱɫװžµͷż޼輸ϵĻ֦½ͷۣƳȻأָ
½߹ȥһ£ԩŶҿû˵
ķԼϲСʱ½ʱǸСޣôɰ
ڳˣߴӢûгУôô˳ġ
ͼ½һ֪˵ô࣬˼𣿡
½ɴ۾ǼҪƲˣ
Ĳ֪ô뵽һģǳ˳˵˵ͱ˵
㲻ᱳҺҸ˽˰ɣ
½ۿɼıˡ
Ķͷϻߣ˵˵ʲôأ
½죺ǲ͵ˣӣȻİǮİɣǲģ
ģ
㻹Ǽһɡ
ȵ½¥һԵĹܼ˵壬ȥһ£ļһȱӣҸǴȥ
ЦҲúࣺҪٿһ£СүϾġ
̾Ϣ½һѪԵ⣬ʱҲô⡣
˵䣬ո¥½¥һƵſȥ
æСүôˣȥģ
ˣ
½ϲõƮɢ
ʱڱĴſڡ
סȫǸ󣬰ʩȻҲһġ
½
ûһᣬԶԶؾͿ½Ӱ󲽵ܶ
´βô죬ҵһֲźص½˵
½ЦģôУҲһ˹صôõġ
б½һۣ˵֪֪Լÿ˵᣿
Ƶģ֪½Ļﲢ˼һɤӣתƻ⣺ôңΪʲôԿף
½νΪʲôҪʣԿףҲҼҰ
ŨܵĽëڵסе
ǵ˱֮󣬺Ѿȥ鷿ˣȻǲټ½ֻ˹ܼҽӴǡ
½Դһ֪߸˵Լҡ
ǵһҲû⣬Թ˵ذŵɳϡ
һͼ½գһ˫ڰ׷Ĵ۾ҪҪˮѽǰսڵĹˮŶ
һͷð
ûһᣬ½¥һˮ޲һһιļơ
סԼˣʲô£ֱ˵ɡ
½ҲܺãҲиιʱ򣬵Ǹȫһ
ϵ½˵ڵùˡ
³
½ʶʮˣ˽⻹еġ
Ȼһ½ͺʮʵ㰵Ǹˡ
ˣˮ
½ίողǻ˵¾˵
һӨ͸ĴӣңƵطŽ³⡣
½ʮУҲ֪˵£ٶҲûá
ֻԼй۲ˡ
ίͰ͵ذӣһ߰һ˵ҲŶԡ
ʮһʱȥϴ˸衣
ǰ޵ʱ򣬾½߷˲ٻϴ·ʱպϡ
ϴż򵥵İͺڿӣǰ鷢µˮˬˣֱͬͦεĴ
½׼˴㴵ͷ
á
̬ܵ˹ȥ
Ȼܿ죬ͷһ尾¡
Ͷ½в˵˼£½վ˽ţ˴˵¶ܸܵ
½ַ˶ʱ˲һĸо
һ룬ס½ĶˣԼɣҲȥϴ
½ϻϴ·Ÿԡҡ
뿪һոտҪƽ
ڶ졣
ߵʮʱۣʱòӣʱͻȻѡ
̫ѨͼԼһ㣬һ룬Щסˡ
½˯ţرֱ˯½Ļһ΢һ̧ͷײ°͡
˯ʱ˻μмµļ϶㹻˯һˡ
Ҳ֪˭ڰҹƶλá
ûټֻ½ϣ̰һ̵ů
һС͵ȵӣϲ
̧ȥ۲½˯ա
˯ˣǸ£ûһ˿յӣҲá
һӣȻȥϴ
ϴһ»˯е½ѣˡ
˺ü½Ų鲻Ըۣ˯ʵ˯ᡣ
ϵУϽ
½꣺˯һӡ
ʼıӣһҲС
䣬֪ôأ½Ķˣ彩Ӳһ󣬹űӸƻŮһڴͷɬȻرһ𣿡
һ¡
رʲô
ɨ½°һۣˡ
˵ľʢ
ɫض½ô߸ʲô϶
½ûü˵
ͽ˵ҪҰ㣿
ʲô
£½Ƕ죬ˣɬɬ⡭ⲻ̫ðɣ
Ȼͬеʱȷụﻥ
û
ʹ̼ͷƤ飬һƬհס
ʱ򡣡
½ŤŤģǡŶ
Ƚ½Ĳ˼ˣٱ濴
˵һӣ֮ͳ½ȥ
һ롣
½͵غñ
ոˮϴģֱò񻰡
һ½ˣǿƵģȵ˲ɢȥ
ոķΧʧ٣ջ֣ϵģˣϽѧ
½
֪ôܹԹԵظ£Ȼı
һһΡ
ʦôȦȻɻˡ
̨ϣ½Ǵ
һߵǰ
̴ӽһСӣʱžӣָ׵޼Լߵǰ̧ͷһۣôˣ
СҲΡ
Լԣ˵ˣҰæҪӦģ½
̸
ش൱
̣
˺ôҲھӣҪҪôС
ߣ½Ͷһתʱͷҵ̣֪˵Щʲôֻ˵󣬾һѧ¥ȥ
½к򳡱ϵһˣҰɣе¡
˵꣬ͳ׷ȥ
˵󣬾ͣ˽ŲСǰȥ
ûһᣬ½˹ͷź飬˺ɶɱҪʲôôң
û׼׼ѵһ´С顣
ߵСǰһȦյȥ
УĳƺŲǰ׽еģ൱һ˼
оͰС顣
׼ʱЪЪ֣һ·ͷǿѵõĻᣬ͡
¶ģһΣȿ˵
¾󲿷ְ༶ϿΣŮûʲôˡ
ССظ󣬿һ󣬰ͲסؽԱߵĸ䣬Ȼ̽ͷȥ
һ룬˲侪ˡ
̸ûϲֻһضգɵƣ￴
֤֤ڣ
ƾСĸĸͣˣҲѲ˳ͷ
ѧУϣ˴С顣
С֮ǰжôţھжôǱ
ĸôǰˣҲ̧ͷһ·˰칫ҡ
СѪˣ·ǵʱԹ޶ҪΪʵʡ
½һԼĴȭͷˣԼĲԣ밤𣿡
С鴹ͷɥظŸĸ뿪ˡ
һȫŮòС
һʱϸηηţڿԷˡ
½ҲǸˣ˳̵ͬѧǺģ
֮ǰó׵̣ԼͷұѽʵҲŵòأҪҳԶٷֲһ˵飿
ûⰡ½ش൱־ʹǮŰԪ󳮣ݸ̣𣿲ٸ㡣
̣
Ƶ
˵Է˼𣿣


5 

μʱ֣Һģ죬ڳԶ
ˣ˿Ӱóһ⣬һЩսԵĿ
½һ°ͣĿתؿ⣬ʱɴӡ
СȻǸѧٶȺ׼ȷʶ̫ˡ
϶ͷһۣһ
½æҡͷˣ
ŲϲѧϰƪĿ
Ϊ˷ֹѧϰæǰһŴϷˡ
״ҲûǿԹ˵ؼڲݸֽдд
ϷУǰһͻȻѹаЦ˵ѧУץסһ¡
˵˽㣬ƽʱǻ첻ߵĿקģУһЩĵ˹һ𣬴Ⱥȥɵȣл£
ѧУ쵼ܽͷۡ
˺ԭ򣬳ǵһ㲻۸Уѧ
½ϷңͷҲû̧ػһ䣺ɣѧУҲа
ĸѧУʦ꣬󣬲ʲôϡ¡
شؼǣ˵ץסʱŶԷҵؿأʦһʱŵñͷܡ
ǰһС֣ǸСɵʵӣ⻰ӦСҲ̸
һⶼ֪ȥɣСĳһӡ
СֻǴлزǿˢʱȴֻһ˱ķӦ󣺡½磬ǲﲻ
һֱΧ仰ſ½
ֻ½Ŀ˿ѿ˲٣üͷ΢΢ţɫףǸĲ
ϷӢΪʱû˿ڵء
һ
֪½ΪʲôӦ
ð죬½ŻָЦŶǰ˵û£ٿһ֡
ȴ޷ڼˡ
ذѱʶһԣվ
½һߴϷһ߿ȵȥģ
ûʲôػһ䣺ȥһ¡
½ϷҲ׼ˣҺһɡ
á
ܾ½һˣһ߳˽ҡ
ϲŮ׼ûǰ仰ǿ˪ģ׷״ͷ
ĬѧУһȦҵһ徲ĵط΢ƽһ㡣
ߵԱߵ̨¡
Ĭúֻһ罻վ淢һ⣺˿ͬô죿
վʱдûߣһȥˢһ£˺üԡ
ͬ¥Ҫ£ˣ
ȷͬʵڿͬ˰ɣǿɲһϵǰһƬïܵɭֵأ
ͬʲôװ鲻ãȾƣȰ˹ȥƵ꿪䷿²ҽɣ
¥ֵһйµ˰չ˵˵Ҳ
˼𰸺󣬹˳վĻ
е÷ţŻҴ𰸡
Ͽʱص˽ңȻͷ½Ѱ֮۾һˣ
صλ£½ֹģʵô
½ʣеԥµһΪڿҪӿءȥôãȥǸ˰ɣ
һֱϲһ˵·ϡ
ϧһֱϸ˭
½һۣ󵭵ƿߣûС
Ǿͺá½ӿοɲǺѧӦеΪŶ

صӿ
ϣ½ͻ¥¡
Ȼ̫ãպþҹƽ
ƽһװŽ˿۾򿪳Ǵһ˿޵Ц⣺ѧˣ
λû·ƣģģЩЦȴһĸо
ǰ߼ߵǰ·Ƶҫ£ֹĸоɢ
½òؽˣãҲô°డʹˡ
ƽЦлл
ӿƽһ̣Ͼû˱飬ֻкĮ뾯裬ؽһ֡
ƽСЯĹİǳǡҽԺʱһ˼ҵġ
½ûü֡
ۼֿشƽùǣҲûгԵ˼ת½˵ʱ䲻ˣȻȥɣ
½һֿۣһƽصͷãˣټ
ټ
½г뿪ĮȻضһ䣺¥ˡ
˵꣬Ҳƽһ𣬾Թ˵һ¥ȥ
ƽıӰЦˣ۾һ˫žӡ
Ȥ
ʵ̫Ȥˡ
ϲƿڹ֮УȻǱֿȴӲģ
ص֮󣬺ڳҹ
ĳɢڼͷ͵ĵƹ£
ӳ߳СҪ𣿡
ûгԷ飬ҡһͷȻطѧϰˡ
սңƽͽ󣬻ص˼ҡ
ؼҼʱ˶̣¥¿϶ˡ
ԻصرȼȻߵƽߣѹʵƽʲô
̫ˣʣûжв
ƽ¹İɳϣسһǣҿʲôҲûӿǾܣҲû취
Զ׼ŭ⣺ĥһ˻С׶ӡ
ƽ̵òһһž/Ӱɣ
ˣӣ
ƽȷ衣
֮ǰĶţҵгɣǾԴŮ˶͡
ıһҹ֮䱩¶ˡ
ճԺԸ֮⣬ҲŹ
СԵʱصõӣȱһš
ߵʱԵһٴȱһš
ַʽͼ۶ڷɵֻԶӰ֮С
Բ֪ûвԼİְһӣֻ֪һԼܣһбԼĺӣǺǰͬھ
ƽԡӡƺŽã˵öԣԲҪͼŭҡֻҪ㳢ԷȣһʲôɲһȻҲԶ֮һĳɹֻҪȥġ
½ҡ
½ڳæҵæţŲָϣͼÿһ
һ鶼ôã
Լ֪Ϊʲôְֵܾദģʽֵֹġ
ٿ֣ԴҲʲôС
½æ˵һ㣬Ŵӹܼҿе֪½ؼˡ
½Ÿ¥ܣ˸߲ҵÿķţ磬ؼңôǰкһ
½Լ䣬ԣ̧ͷ˵ĪҪҾϲ
˵Ż½ֱ¶һ½Ƶ
ֻ½Ӣ˧дһ˿δѣ½沿첻١
½ֱ׳ʲôأ˵֪ĻӦŶԡ
½Ǹĺӵܡſسչҵǰʱһֱ²Ż
λҲȷһЩˣȻ½Ļ/ûˣ䵭ûС
½ƲƲ죬СÿȥҲ죺ˣ쳢һĸ㡣ܵܶãԵ±Թж𣿣
½裺
ǣʸ
һ½жŵĸ㣬໹˵ùȥֻɻǸģ
½ٺЦǸģȰæԳһ£
½һĪܴ֡ı߸Уûʲôһѳˣ˭Ҫֶ
½飺ԼһЩͦóԵİ
½費Ϊ˵ԾͲԡ
½Ȱ뿪ˡ
ŹϺ½迴һ۲輸ϵ̸㣬ƿߡ
СʱһŮӶ½ķɨɨĹУֲ輸һӣ˳ˡ


6 

ڶϣ𴲣ϴ꣬½
һʼΪԼˡ
߹ȥźû뵽ˡ
ʱ½òغͺԴк̣Ϻá
ãСɣ
һͷЦãİɣе³һˡ
һѵʦβ࣬һȥĴξС
½֣ټ
ټ
źԳź½Щ̾ôð̱֮ǰ˺ܶࣿ
ɫ䣬û˵
Իݺһ˳ʱᣬȻŲס
Щ˵½źۼתƻ⣺ôˣ
ƽʱ½¥µȡ
½һеĺӣ׼ʱŶ㻹û緹ҵա
˵ţºӣ򿪣չʾĸ㡣
Щȣģ
ֻһŴ׸⣬ʳָ󶯡
½°ͣ԰˺þòųɹġ
˵꣬ߴٵϽԡ
ƽһ飬һ飬ҧ¡
ȻͬζɿڣŴŴ
½ĵشȡһţ̣Сıҭˡ
ԵúܿĵӣԼҲűãŬûа׷ѣ
½һֱԼѵҲԡ
ã½ȻѾԹԼˣٴγԵҲԺòУ˵ԺҪǱɨسˣȥ͹ǲҲԼ
ˡ
Ȼ϶ԼòУŻһ۾ܿ壬ӳ谮мӡ
½һ仰忪ˣٺ٣Ҳͦϲҵġ
մһЩмߵԡϴ֡
ԽԽ䣬ˮͷˮʼ̹Ǳ
쵽ˮ·ƾָ䷺ף˳˼
Ȼ½ģƽʱദض˵Լһ£½ô֪ࡣ
һ˼ţһ߹رͷ
ô
Ӵأ
½ܽܵһ
½ʰ׼һ˳¥ˡ
ͻȻԡҴһƵˤˡ
½һӿеĴӣٶȳԡңżʲôˣ
ʱԡ˫ֳϴ̨վգЩʹࣺԡˮողСĻˡ
½æȥĽţŤ˰ɣȥҽԺ
áܿƽֻǽһ¶ѣûжأܺá
Ƕˡ
һ˲䣬½ۿˡ
ԼСûгԹһ࣬иðգͥҽ֡
ˣûܹʹ
ȻڿĽţƺܸͬܡ
ö۰
ŰڵϺ۾½һ۵ÿҪ޳ı顣
һʱЩڣԼΪǲ̫ˣ
ת½עİɣûкۡȥѧУ
½˳ӣ֪ѧϰľǺǿģһγҲ뵢ֻö㲻Լߣұ¥
ĽŲʹ۵һ㡣
½ĺ󱳣û˵ҡ
½ͷ
ıһʱûתǰĻŽͣϣڵԻãȻе㸴ӣ֪ǵִʲô
ָһ£ߣˣû˵
û˵
½ˡ
еʱĸ֪ģʱֻ
˿̣һ˲΢ת䡣
ġ
ǹվ΢һʹͽ
ûϵͻȻĶȷӦʱѾ˫أæ˫ֻ½סΡ
½ƽʱĽʱЧԣ˺׾ܸܵ
ʵϣ½ϰӣƯţ͵еɬģ
̧½ߣȻǺᡭ
סȥ/ӡ
ͬʱ˵ס
ǰٱˣǵӴԵһ
ļ¥
½˵ʲô˱¥ºϢû䡣
СԴĴǰ㽫гϡ
Ȼֱ˵ҷһ¡
һʲô
ѵԼո½ĻʱҪõ˵Ŀ¶/ǣˣ
һ룬½ͺٺٵЦҷŶһֻ־ͿԻ
ݣ
ӲԸȫϡ
ֻ⻰½û˵עԼСҲ̫ˡ
½Ļɫһʱհ˼֡
˵ģ⡣
Щһ˶Уżȡ
ҲֻӲ˵˵ˣϽȥѧУ
ܿ͵ѧУ½ͣó׼ͬʽ
ȻͱܾˣҾͺá
½ԴЩתô
һɣҪһµ·
ʵԭܼ򵥣ѧУ꼶һҲҪӵġ
ֻ½˰ͷ·Ҳܷ㡣
˽Һ󣬺ܶ˶½οʡ
˽Ϊ⡣
һǰС֣һϰ⣬ʵѧĽҪҪ
ظû¡
ŶǾͺáСͷȻ̽ҿʼ𣿡
ʵЩ㷲
ȻǰҲ˰ˣƽʱĮ٣˻ûô˵
ؿһۣ˵ǽţӡ
СԾᵽ˼Ͻʼ⡣
õתȥ
һ̡
ϰ¿κ½ûλϣҡڵߵ˺ţĽһۣúõģΪʲôˣ
ô
Ҳ֪ǇNɪ˵ֻ˵Դѧ·֮󣬾Ҳûˤ
һҲûУŶϲ
Զѡϲˡɡ˦˦˸뿪ˡ
һᣬ½һҩˡ
ԣһ·ܵģͷźҲ˼֡
Щؿովȥҽˣ
԰ĽҪҩܺõÿ졣
˵꣬½һذҩȡ˳ҩ֮ǰĵҩ۵İɣҪҸ𣿡
һǸ棬ʱֹˣֱҩͺá
½˵ͷһ̧СؽĻ̌Լϸţеۣһ¡
ȻóҩʼĽ硣
ҩ͵絽˿ϣһɴ̼ۡ
ûзȿƲסһ¡
½æסȣȻ۰ɣҸ㴵һ¡
˵꣬Ҳķԣս˼֣ʼ
½Ķ΢΢Ŵһӡ
𽥼ӿ졣
½ϵ·ŽʼȫӣһС
ֲԾһ£Եֲܿصĸо
ǰ˱𾪡
Ǳת׼½һϷģͿⲻ˼һĻ
Сֶһۣڱ˴п˲⡣
½ǿͬ
һͬս˸һĽ
ֻ½ƽʱϵҲȱҪܣƺҲ˵ùȥ
ϣصҡ
Լȥʱ򣬽Ųƽϸſ϶ʲô
ڿ廨кҪҪҹ
ѧϰ̫أȫµļҳһ޲ðеӪԼҺӲϡ
ȻҲ⡣
ҡͷܾˡҲϢɣҹ廨۾á
ţͲˡ
صԼķ䡣
һţͲ˲Ծ
˽
˳ȥҲûʺԣֻ
ȻʣѾ㹻϶
ϻһˣȻȥҽԺˣֵֵҹࡣ
Բ֪ΪʲôͻȻ£ü֮˲˵֮ɫ
ƽһӰֻҪһ𣬾ͻ˲
ûµģҾʡ
˵꣬ٴλص˷䡣
źı˲дһ˿
ǸɾģÿƷڷŵȷλá
Ȼ£ȴǱ˷߰㡣
˷֮󣬹ûʰá
һԶ׼չʾչʾĿǰΪֹܺĵλ
ȻҪƽ˵ҲܴرڣżһСŪˡ
һȭͷȻɿ
鲻ƵطȻȡһëʪˮʼϵƷ
һ˵ʱ򣬲ֻǲʹƣҪһС
ƽһʱˡ
ʰ֮󣬼Ѿƽ飬ڴȴ˯š
ճ˶ʼŵ֣ͼԼƽ
ֵͬʱʼ½
֪ôģ뵽˳ʱ¡
ʱʶġ
½¹һСʱԡ
һ죬һֻ׺ݵĴڹͱŵ۴ޡ
·˳֦
Сʱһ̫ϲ˵æ֮󣬾һԲﳤȥ
罻½״ϸȥ
أ˵ĹϵƣΪҪõѡ
ֱ˸УԼ½˲һ˼
˵Ҳ֣½ͻẦµöáǣΣʱֻĵؾ
ǵǳʱһѩ׷ɵĶȥ档
½һݳƤǵС˵Լ޷Сá
Ȼڴѩ·£һǳһţͽʮС͵һ˶վ
½ô˲ϲϡ
ţ˯С


7 

죬ѧУѵô󷢴ȱǷһļ١
һʱ䣬Ծ
շ±ʣֻһ˵춯
̡
ȥơ
΢һٿըͷ֣ٷһڡ
Ǳû˶
ף¥Ǿ¥սǵһС
С󣬶ֻжʮƽƽʱ⵹ǲ¥˶ˡ
ûʲôˣ̨Ա֧һӣྐྵӱһϷţˣÿεѾ
߽ȥ󣬿̨ϣʵ
ʻһӰӻܺ˳ˣң
ƴС˹ﱧһѳԵģƬϡͷӦоС
ԼҵСѹοˡ
üͷһ¡
µ˹ӣüһʣȻҪǮ𣿡
ƶ³ѶžϷţһҲ̸ǮȻҪǵĹȥˣ
ޣ̸ӣһѳӾͿᣬռռˣ
һټɹʼơ
һ˰˾֣Ӯ߾֡
ƵذеһƶϣһжûУ
ƿѾɵˣ̵ͦİҸоԼһѾҪˣ
͵˲񫻹
ǲͬһеģڸְ߻ӣżҲãԼδȻһͻһơ
αϣֻˡ
ûʲô񫣬ƽʱ̺档
ҲУ˺һƬǾһҵĸ⡣
Ŷȣ´һۣ㣿⣿
Ҫж
һҭ̽㣬ͺ˰ôͲиˣҺŮʶģֻҲϲҪǲҵĻҪôܰѰ
̵һۣУ
޹תѰ𰸣ֵܣҪô죿
ʱͷֻϴ֣ԣͷҲ̧ı־Уܿܰˡ
ƣ
ѧôǹĨǵġ
Ĭһᣬƫͷʲôأô档
תһֻܿߣѧϰ¡
ѧϰ˲ήˣֱ忪ʼԶ
Լ⣺һͬԸ⹫һζʲô
ȻվϵĻشףǶ࿴˵뷨ҲʧΪһֲ˼άķʽ
ܿ˼ش
ˣԷѾΪˣ¸ϾУ
ֱеСϷˣʲôǰֱڴϣ§ŶԷĲӽϹ
ʲô¶㹫أûоѷ
شʱɫ˰½˵²Ŷģ˵ͰѰĲˣʲôҲû롣
ȷҲĿǰӦе״̬
صֻֻŽڴʱָ䴥̺еıء
еһ֧
ʱʳƺ˵Ϊʲô̸
У൱ˣģͣɼֺãһ㣬ûȱˡ
ȻüŮףؾܾˡ
Ƹ꣬Աߵ̾͵ذԼԹʳƣȻʩʩȻվ
ûע̵ľٶϲʲôأ
½
ʲôƾ֣Ƭòȡ
һ°ͣʾ½ˡ
˵ͬʱѳ̺вɫƻ˿ڴ
ƸʾתͷȻ󿴼˳С½
ƽܿ죬ٴεɴ۾
ƽʱŮåƵ̣ظ½ָ·½ͬѧСĽŶһ꣬·ܻ
һ˵һ߰ͷڶͼ¶Ĳ
ллһעġ
½θߴģӢϴЦ⣬촩һɫ˶Ь˸ഺ磬
һƺΧľɫ֮
̿ãϽȴ½ͬѧʵһֱ˵һ¡Ҿܴ˼İȫУҪõıһ£ܻһֹϵҲٵͬѧˡ
˵꣬ͣ˽Ųͷ½Ĵ𰸡
ͬʱСҲע½Ķ
΢΢
һãȻ˭ģΪʲôȫ׷ʲô
˵ע£ֻ½ϴһ˿ạ̃һֹϵҵ磿
̣
ˣ
½ȻﲻԾ˼š
ܸ˱ͰȫеģǸʲô
½ȷҲСʱˡ
뵽½ɫչûⰡԺˣ
̣
̱ߣϽ½뿪ˡ
·ϣ½ɲ⣺ҵɣ
ɫģǵġ
Ǿͺãֲң̲ʲôģԭڰʾҰ˵ҿð
ʱػһ⣺ʲô
½˲䱻תעˣȥҽԺһЧõν˵ҩרŸ͹
ʱСڡ
ãؿű½뿪·Ǻ˳һһڵġ
Ľʲôʱˡ
ʱ·Ʒǳһ˵ӡ
ô뿪ʱѾҪ˰뱧ĵزأ
֮󣬷̺ܾöûлش
תͷһ̲֪һ龵ӣգƣ˵ƯƯ
Ưʵصͷ漴Ӧһ£׷½
԰
ȤΪʲô
ᵽ̾һ߶Ҹһ׾ŵѲְɣǰһֻӽһ׾ŵǳ࿰ǵòи½Ǹʵʵĸ߸˧Ҫҵã
±ŭ𲨼ӣԺҪ𣿡
̻һƤЦⲻЦ˵ʲô˵һ飿
æӴܶܡ
Ϊʲô˵˻
½߳ȥûԶ½ֻˡ
һۣЩȣүүġ
仰סһ롣
û½үүԼҲ˵½ү̳ս˴뱲ӣƢôá
ؼǣ½үƺڸ½Ůѡ
֮ǰͷһ
ܿ죬½˵绰үү˵Ҫȥ緹
ֻǳԷ𣿡
½ãӦǰɣȻأ
û˵
룬Էǰ½׵¡
½һȥķ֡
룬ͼȲʡ
½Ȼû뵽һ㣬ֻʵ尢̶ڼңô죿
ӣô죬š
̬Ѿµ½һ˵ʲô
ϣ½ǵôУ
漴۾һ뵽ˣһȥɣȫ
Сʱ
˵һǼſڡ
ʱһԼʮүŹվװ˫۾ģϡ
½ؽһүү
½үӿŵ¶һ˿Ц⣺ˡ
˾ǷԱſڵȣԵ˵Լӵ۰
ʱ½үע⵽ɻλǣ
ҵķС½˸߲ңɵؽܵ꼶һŶʦϲ
ˣ½үүá
ģܾƭԣûУֻһºͺڿӣվǣҲ·¶дˡѧ֡
½үԭһۿʱ򣬲Ǻܸˡ
ƽʱ½Լˣ϶ӭǽ죬аţϣ޹صƻƻ
Ȼ½Ľܺǵ㲻֮ɢûĸϲɼĺúӡ
˵ЦسȥзԱųһߡ
;У½½үӣүүôҳԷˣ
£űԱ򿪡
Ѿˡ
һһС
һ½үӲˣһȴһ½ͬŮ
ǰǸʲô֣ѾȻҡ
½ɴӣյ½үԱСһ䣺Ϊʲôˣ
дŨŨıѵĲš
˵õֻԷ
Ϊʲô˵㻰
ţ͵͵Եһۣɫƽʲô
Ȼеǳ߳ܣ֪Ͳˣΰ᲻첻ѧˣǵŮѵ£
ʱ½үֵʲôˣϽҸһ£үүүүʱսѡŮѩ
½㲻ԸӻǵøŤŤؽˣүүá
үЦŵͷСӣð
˵½ү˵½֣ӻһ˲š
½үһӱ벻ԺУȻʼҵ䣺СѩҲ˿϶йͬ⣬һɡ
½עȫ̶ϣ⻰ҲѩĶ棺ǾС
Ȼͬ⡣
½үЩˣˣҲֻܵͷУ
棬ѩȻû˵Ҳڴ½ˡ
۾һ۾ͿϵЬӲٿ飬½λϡ
ֱ۵жϺ˲⣬½ô˽ѣ
ͬһȦӵ˲Ӧ浽һ𣬲ͬȦӵĽûҪ
ԷĹУ½ү½ѩཻ˭֪½ûѩͣвˡ
½ĳҲԼڵһλеܸˣҲ½һ鼦ȣԼԵ㡣
½үӿһĻüͷ½˵Сѩ˵˵ΪкӾҪһ㡣
½ش൱ʵϣ㲻Էû˵˵
½үһҭֻܶڨЦ⺢ӣСӣ˵ʵǿĵġ
үӵͷ
½ز̨үү㲻ǴСͽҪһ𣿡
½үһֵˣȳԷ
˵ȥηóˣ
ѩȫһ仰û˵
Ȼ֪һֱڴԼ桢ͨͨС
ֱֱضȥ
˶ӡ
ĿܼĮдһ˿⡣
ѩĿ⿴סһ룬ĵײԾӿϾµĸо
оԼǱһֻص޶һ㣬
ǿŻӣգ
вʣȴ̧ͷˡ
극֮󣬼뿪ꡣ
½үɢɢ
үȻȻӦʡ
ô˵ˣСֻܸϡ
·һĵط½үָӵǾ⿴һᣬ½Сѩȥϻ
˵꣬ͰһĵطСǿ塣
վԱߣȴת½ѩ
ʱֻ½˵Լһ˾С
˵ʹ뿪ˡ
˭֪ѩϣ뿪󣬽ȥ
뿪ıӰɫ
½û뵽ѩϽӿ˽Ų
˭֪ѩ˻⣺ĸж鰡
½ôԵغֻܿʼ˵ѧУ֡
ѩûڹѧУѧ𣿡
½еĪûаôˣ
˵ķӦҲ̫˰ɣ˭涨һҪڹѧУѧģ
ʵϣ½ĸѧУѧνƾҵʱȥĶС
֮ѡУΪ⣬һѧѡ
ѩϵĲ컹ûˣ⣺ôǮȥ۶õĹѧУ
˵ˣ½ҵʲмǧڡ
ȦĺӶԼҸĸǺ½ùϵֻ½档
Ҳûʸ½ģǼҵʲԶԶȲ½ҡ
ֻүү½үһڲӴ˴֪֪ףټϲ֪Ϊʲô½үرڸԼӰŮѵ£Բᡣ
Ͷ࣬½ٻشѩˣԹ˵سǰš
Ȼܿͷ֣ѩһֱԼ߿ԽԽѵҪ߲ĻһԼȥˡ
ѩû˵Ƶģ߿˵ֱ۶ˡ
½ǰһ
˭֪ѩȫĶں棬½һãһûƺãֱӵԱߵȪ
һˮ۴
ȪˮֻϥôֻҪվͰȫˡ
ȻѩǧСﾭ£Ѿȫˣһˮڡ
ˣ½Ӳֻֽˮǳվֱˣ
ѩӣֹͣ˼УѾˮʪˣĻõױҲ
һסоԼûˡ
ʱ½үǸ˹Сѩû°ɣ
½үǲʲôעһֱ½ϵǿԴˣһǣһԲ
ѩǿһ½Ȼһ˦һֱֱۣ뿪ˡ
үӲ֪ԭίֻôҴҸ𣬸ǰˡ
½үֻ½ô£ϣô
½һƣ˵˵ˮһ𣡡
½үӲţ˵ʲôôܣ
ԼȻ˧㣬ôŮ
ģ½Ȱ˵ѵԸһˣүү´αҽˣٱܾΣֵˮˣ
½үѾ½˵ǣظд½ĵбĵ
Ȼ˵ģүүģ´θõġ
½ʵУүүڻѧͣ᲻̫ż˵㣿
½үӴһۣѧУҲûѧϰ˵ϴֵʮ
½˿ûջ˿ְҪҪҽŮѣֶûˣʧ󣿡
½үӣ
ʲô


8 
㰵¸
ĽѾȬˡ
ٹ죬磬½æ
ϣù׼磬˼󣬰ԭⲻطŻϡ
ţ½Ѿˣһ¾ȥĽţѾ˰ɣҩ𣿡
治ɫѣˡ
½׼ȥϸ鿴ʱһסˣϽȥѧУ
С½ò˼죬ͿԼ¥ˡ
͸һϲá
§ĲӣһĲʵÿ챧¥鷳
Ȼǣ½æ壬ҾϣĽſûо鷳
˾ôһ·˵Żߵ¥¡
ƽѵ˸磬ŹǷߵСһҪҪȥ˯һ
ȻͱǰһĻŵˡ
ǿ½һˡ
ջ½ǲˣȻͿ廳Ǹ˾Ȼ


۾ٴοȥûǸƽʱĮԣЦ
˾ȻԹԵر˹
У˵½ͬƽʱĽӴųһųӣ
Ϊֱûۿ
ֱ½г뿪˵Ӱʧǰƶûع
Լ𴲵ķʽԣǹ׼ȥ˯һ
ѧУϰ硣
½ȥϲ
¥
ʱ¥ϻ̡
Ǿֱ˹
߲ơ
Ϊ׵Ǹ壬УӣһƦĻģߵǰһ̣漴
֮󣬾ʹֵؿ
ҲһԿϷ
ǱΪῴѧǺࡢģ˭֪ɫûһ£ˣɵ𣿡
壬΢ôӡ
ӡڶԷǰڸеĽ
ôֵܳųӣĵ㣺ǵĺѧҲ˵໰
ߵľģʦҳϲĺѧǷᡣ
ȻиҪԭһֱû˵
ǸҽԺԺ
ǶԷְֵ쵼ȴȶԷ˲֪ٱ
Ϊԭڼûٱشö֮ԽԽ
ٺϻ
׼ǰؽҡ
˭֪Ըôҹһҳʹһɫļ˲
УһСġͲȵЬϣһĺӡӡ
ӴŵؽлһѧԣͲ˼˰Ҳǹģ
˵Ųǹģµıλεعš
˳塣
壬Ĳ˰ѧԿҪЬӵ̨ȥģŪ˿ô죿
ǣСѧԿ޸㿴
ѧһ㶼ôްڽ𣿡
˵һͦڴǸģ
˳ЦˣģشӿڴԪǮѧԣʵڲ˼ֻЬҲǸ˻ֵ٣Ǯ͵ˣ
˵ţͽеǮӵűߡ
ʣµļҲصķӦ
ؿһۡ
ǷҪˡ
ҪƳ˴Ӳ½һ룬֡
½һͿΧס
һվм䣬Ǳ۸ˡ
½һɣܵߣ弸ˣʲô
һе顣
ǹ½ڵʱֵġ
Ϊģ½ļͥʵǿ󣬺Щ˼ֱ֮ƽʱҶƿûҪ鷳
½岻˵ֻԼȰͷŹ۲һ飬һ۲죬ˡ
ɾЬƽ޹ʶһӡϵϵٿǮʲô׵ġ
½˲Ⱦһŭ⣺̫ˣ˭Ǯǰɣ
˵ţ˻ûӦʱ͵ЬϲһţȻһǮݺˤڵϡ
㣡
һľٶ˶ɵۡ
أ¥Χ۵ԽԽ࣬Ҷڸ½кá
ɵƯͿˣиԺְһҪקģ
ҪǮбڱȰ
˵Цˣ˭Һ½Ǯⲻȡ𣿣
ߣ忴ԼЬӣɫһƬ
ģֵǧЬһ˲ء
ộˣ
½ǵǮ˵ҲǧȻҲ׬ˣ˭ᵱô˵Ǯ
ʱ½˵ôǮʲô
ҲŶ½Ӧˡ
忴ı飬ֱ鲻Ծת뿪
½ۼֿһǰסУӣߣ
£ûɹ챻½ˣûǮҸ
½˼һһѳĽţԼЬϲһ¡
һûӡӡ
½ĽŲ䡣
岻ʲôʶ˲Ծ㵽ҪϽſң
ڶڲ˺ӡ
½ؿԼЬϵӡӣȻֵ֣ҵЬˣ
壺

½ʲôħ
Ա߿һĻеЦǱסˡ
½ķӦܸˣӴߴϽأɱô˿أҶǮˣҲҪҲУ
ΧĳԹȺڹϵͷ
ֵǾö˺ü
첱Ӵ֣˵Ͱ͵ģҡû˵Ҫ㣡
Ьǧ
½ģǸЬ˶ܿĳƵЬ˵ҲҪ

ڽУŬѰ˵ǣôǮôںôһ˫ЬǮ˶ô𣿡
½Դǵ°ܣôںһ˫ЬˣǼȻǮҲǴģٳɶථƽʱһǮʡŻ˫Ьˣ
廹Ҫ˵ʲô½ۼֹϽǮȻұˣеģ
ôɴŵģѾ׻ɲܱץסҪȻַǴɣ
ֻ۴Ӷֻתת˸㣡
ƽʱһµ㻨ǮҲǧôһתһ㻨Ǯûˣ
½յǮҲգؾ˳ת
һ£Ϊʲôң
½ȻǾʧѣ
ԼǮ˸ȦȻһѪ˳ҧҧ߷ߵ뿪ˡ
־ȥ󣬻صϰ
ڷԼӢα
Ҳ֪½ʪȥظЬϵӡӲɾˡ
ֵԼЬʱֻ£Ȼֱ˵ҪԺٴһʱңҿɲñ۸㡣
ûǷػش𣺡ðǽ鷳ˣ½磿
½һӾͺˡ
ΪʲôͻȻԼ簡
ô
˼ʲôأԼ˵ģ˵ľǸ𣿡
Ŷ½סڷӦ˹
֪ôģƬ̵ʧ񣬺ոͷһ˲ļûüϸܣͱ˹ȥ
ϣ¥ƽ
ŹİϾվڼſڣ˵ǹ°ࡣ
֡
ûʲôؽһ·ҪԿ׿š
ʱƽˣôʲôң
˿Կ׵֣ת䵭ûС
ƽ¶һ˲Цݣ·һĶ˳˵ļһ㣬Ц˵ûҡǸͬѪһˡ
һ˿񣺡ûʲôµĻҡ
ƽϵϲ½СӰɣ
ʮֿ϶
˻һ¥һƬš
֮˲һ
˵˻ٵάƽıôһּ̣󲻸ˡ
ضƽ˵ս
ΣƽЦˣЦ¥ݼصţŵ͵ͬպĶħģֻһ֪һ㱣ܵġ
ֻǽô룬ܿͷΪһȥһԸṩϸİ汾ûϲѾϲˡҹҹβܵõǱõѣʵȴһ˼ˣڼùĵطŻҪռΪС
˵֮ҲЦһһ̣ЦݾȻغϣֻĸ䣺Ҹ˵Ķ˵ˣȥɡ
˵꣬ͷҲصشţ߻
ƽΪԱΪס˼룬˳ǡ
治֣
ȷˡһյͨ͸
ֻȤﷴԽңԽ˷ܡ
صԼķչ˳һ˫ˡ
ֱµĳ룬һ۵
򿪣ĵڵƹ·źĹ⡣
ţҪȻɴͳȥͬھˡ
һ˰ˡ
ȻգûжֻȻϡ
Ϊƽôһֵá
˹⣬ûüӵ⣬ôԼһ
ϣʧ˺ܾãŵֶãڶϿεʱ˶ģûʲô
½ֹһתͷ۵ѧϰҪҪſ˯һᰡҰ㿴ʦ
Уĺۡ
ƤͰףϸûʲôѪɫŵĻɫ촽Ҳеɡ
½ţæˮݸ
ӹһڣʵУһˣ
ʵø֣¡
½ʶҲ͸һܺõˣ
û𰸣˵û㿴ֻǱϵģʵҿܻкܶصĶûи˵
½Ȥսʲô
Ҳ˻Զҡ
ô᣿½Լ̬ȣʲô㰡ȻõѣҾӦýһУ
˵½һתЩ˼˵˵ˣҲ㰡
⣺ţ
˺úõ˵ŻΪʲô俪ʼ죿
ʱ½սֻ˲ɬ˵һֱû˵ǰʱһ£ҵҪʮ˰

ոջ˵˲ɢ
½գգ۾Ϊʲô˵ˣ

ʱӦ˵ʲô
½۰Ͱ͵صţҲֻܻظͦͦõġ


9 
Ϊ
ϰʱյƷ΢š
˵ǸְĨ½
ɺܼ򵥣ְи̡
׷½
޾ôĪˡ
ǸԼְмѣڸȺʴʣ˵ĻҪжࡣ
һ˿
ɫպֻԱߵ½˵ϰ¿κһе£ԼȻȥ
½һ飬סʦϷԣͣʲô£ҿԵ㰡
ǻ϶һѧѧҪжʱ½һʱеϰߡ
ˣһС¡
ðɡ
ôᶨ½ûǿ
ĳ̶ֳ˵ĺĻ
ϰ¿κһ˸ְߵ֡
Ǹؼҵ·ǰӵš
ʱ
ǻ²̸۽¡
Ϊ׵Ǹë˵ģ֪Ǹ½ãһŮһˡ
Сæ
ǣżмǮҪȻĻθЬ䣡
˵½ֺˣ¾Ϊ½ɨǰɣ
θ磬Ҳ½һǸϸƤڣܺǿ׳Ȱ
θ˱ƮƮȻҪ˵Ϳǰӿںһˡ
˴һУһȿǽϣָͷ
ҹ紵ǰ鷢¶ƯӺͱ־Ե롣
νһ
ˡ˲ǸѧУ
û취ʵĶἰδ״ԪְߵģҲ˵˵¼Ρ
һְſڵƣνܻйһ֮Ե
νܿɻ󣬵ûȥവţƤֱǸǰ
˵ȺµĻѩҪҥ½
νһ㶣漴Ǻʲôϵ
Ҳͷԡ
Ҳҥ
νʱҲعζˣ½ҳӵİƾ޸֮ĺѧô
ҲЦ
ȫû˵ϵƣƾƽʱڴܣѧϰһҲռơ
ѧȰ㻹ؼҰɣɲĵط
שͷϨ̣ͷϻˣһϰɡ
˵ˣһܷǴ򲻿ɣ
νŭһ˹ȥ
Ѹٸϡ
ʮӺ
ȫſ˵ϣףʹ
µȼһ̡
Ư
ƽʱνܿ϶һѧȻ˿ֻ̣˵˭˵Ǹѧ͸˭
ȼ֮󣬳һڣȻü̵ν֪ܵԺô˵𣿡
֪֪νͷٲ֪ͷ챻ͷˡ
ʣҥ½ЩȺĺأ
νܲǳģ൱ض̣һȥɾȻϴ󣬶С֮ĶȾ֮½ͬѧһⶼûУ
վɣ´ΣɾͲôˣ
ǣƨˡ
ͬʱ½ҡ
½һؼҾͱܼ֪ͨ鷿һؼҾ͸Ͽȥ鷿
ʲôô
½ܵ¥ϵ鷿
鷿ڡ
ڿƵ顣
½ҲűʼǱʱ伸
˶ǹѴڼҲѸٽ빤״̬
½߽ȥ󣬷ԼǺǸ롣
˳ȥһƣʾһԵš
½ֻվԭء
ʮ֮˾ͽ˻顣
ȡ½˵ʲôʱڿ
½û뵽𼱻ǵԼΪ£ʦû˵ӦҲ˰ɡ
ĵһͷУҾ˵һڿ֮ļҳᣬҲȥ
½ɴ۾Ϊʲô
оݣ֪һҪǮ𣿸㿪ҳ˷ѵʱ䣬ҲСʱֵôǮ𣿡
˵֮鷿һƬ
½ȣһ½ͼһգ˼ǡ
Сʱ֮׬Ǯܸ𣿡½ͻȻҿϾУҵĿ֪İɣ
ǳһ£ΪʲôҪ㣿
½ֱҲ׳ΪҵĽǮƾԼıǮˣ
ģ
̥ʮ£˸ʲô⣿
½鷿ű޹ǣ½衣
һ鷿ţ½ת½裺磬Ȼˣȥҿҳɣ
½Ȼֻ½꣬ƽʱűͷȫᾫӢģȥҳᣬסӡ
ȻҲûؾܾˣҲȥ
ȥ½ҳᣬͷƤ顣
½½ʺһΪʲôĻ˵Լɡ
½ûʣͻȻת⣺磬㻹ǵСʱ𣿡
½裺
½ίĺʹָоҵڶĿ
½裺

ϣԼȷҲйʱڣʱšġͷûһЩͷ۵¡
ǸʱԼҵܵĶˣһǵˣһҲеġ
ȻϾԼ׵ܵܣˣ϶Ҳǰŷִġ
£½ҲҵİԹģô£
½Ҳ½ЩʲôȻûк޹㣬һֱ㵱õĸ磬ÿ뵽㣬ܻúˣͬһĶ
˵ˡ½Ͻֹ˵ȥԼǸʮĴˣô죿
½ٺһЦô᣿Һܺ˵ģֻҪȥҿҳͺˣǾô˵Ŷ
ҲŲȥ
½ٶȾܾ
Ȼ½ѾصԼˡ
½裺
̾
Ȼ½ûܴ½
ûˣ
ڶϡ
֮һ۾ͷԼĽˡ
һ򶷣Ѿ˸߰˰˵Ľˣһҹصǰ
ԼǺ⡣
ֻ½ܽܲˡ
ȻһĽ½𾪵˵ˣð죬תΪۣô£
øӡ
һ棬ٴˣԽ˻½롣
һ棬۵˵½־Լƺó嶯
Ը壬ìܣȴǰҲûԳû£С˰ɣܺˡ
ôģ۰
½Ѿʡ
Լ˶УһƤܡ
ȥһӱǺܿỨ˸
ͻȻͺˡ
룬ԼҪ̽½ӽ½ҲӦõİ취ͨˡ
̫˳ǰ½ֱۣˣҴӦ㣬´һעⱣԼ
½̫ˣü٣ۿͨ죺εʵʵڵİ
ˣǺûмֵһؼҡ
ĻͲˡ
Ⱦð˵Ҵˣ´Ĳˡ
ļ죬½񶼷ûתƹӺ޲öʮСʱලһˡ
磬ȥʳóԷ
½λţȻԼһ˴ڣݷ
ڲǰظ˵ϢͻȻǰվһˡ
̧ͷ˶Ų̵̣£
̷޷޲ƽ˵ܱһ̲غ½һ𣿡
ƽʱ˾ý⼸ˣĶһ𣬺޲ڶԷϡ
ֻɣ
ŭ壻ôҲҪһʱͿռɣ
㵽˵ʲô
˳ҪһԷȻ£ǵøҺ½ᣡ
Ѿûˣ½á
̣
˿
ûһᣬ½˹رĵظǷݵ˹ͷŬȬһ
Ҳ£½û˵ʲôһк׼вˡ
ʱ̽쵽ǰεε˵½ͬѧûзҵֽ첻һ
½һۣ֡
ţ˵ȥ
סҼвˡ
һЦ
̣
ڨڨջ֣ԹԵؽ͵ʵҽͿָϸأ
½ϸһۣʵظе󣺡ָΪʲôôѧУǱ𣿡
̣
Ĺעôȫƫ˰
Ͳҵ𣿣


10 
ҿ˯
ԴϿΧǽӰ󣬽һʱ䣬һֱҵҵÿϵΧǽá
ѧ֪һ㣬Ϊ˱ܷͷʱ䶼ԹԵذʱѧУѧУſڽ
һֱûջ
죬һù
Χǽͷһ£漴ں˵ء
ŵģŭɶ㣬ô㣿ѧڶ˶ٹˣȻٷ
رͷ۵ѧβ£˭ûޣ
ȻĻ㳨УббվǣֱӰҿУ
øѪѹˣָ˵㡭վú÷˼һ£վΪֹ
䣬Χǽٴδ˶뷭
һɣüһһüǰɣ
쵹ҪЩ˲УУͷ
ܿ죬ΧǽǱ߷һߴӰ
½
͸ŵǹഺľͷֱҪϹ˵ۡ
½Ҳû뵽ţգգ۾ΧǽϺ۵Сۡ
ŵطʣ½ôҲǽ
ʵر⣬½ӡҲ
½ͥԽΪȴûиʲô鷳
̰治ѧϰ⣬ûʲôȱˡ
½Ļûش𣬷ǳʹһɫ
ֹһٷ˼
ȻˣôĽ̵Σһ˫۽𾦣̽µ㻹ͬǰɣ˭Ͻ
ϻǲèǰɣ
½սϡͷǳʵȰΣǺǹȥҲԼͷȥңΪ롣
ļϵ꼶һĺѧΧǽ϶ȥɣ
ͷҵͷôˣ
½˵ʲôûôױŪȥҪ̫֣ͷȥ˭ˣ
Ȧ뵽һĳͷϳǰɣУ½ҲΧǽϸһ죬ôϲΧǽ
½ЦðʵҰ羰ͦõģ

ôˣ½ҲǸ
û̫ãһΧǽ¶صĿ
ɫ䵭ŹؾصУôؿҡ
һʮְ
ĸˣȴ·֮
ǸӵˣͷءһڴҶǰϣ׼˵ԼвǷǽġ
ûü˵һӵؿ˿ڣǲѧϰ̫ۣߴˣѧУſһ򡣡
㣺
Ҳ٣
ⶼԣ
˭Уſڵķ򰡣
еĿлûСҾǳٵˣѧУѾˣֻܷΧǽ
⻰촽˺ü£ղŷȷУǹ˵㣬ҿԺʮӺˡ
㻰˵ˡ
ֻһ̣ޱȺԼûкúѧϰ
һ뵽Ǳ̬߰ٶ֣Ҫѧϰ˼˲Ϣġ
ڣǺܿ챻Ż˽ҡ
һš
½ں˵˵˵ţһ¡
ǰ漸ˡ
Ͱһ鴴ԼԿѪð
ƽʱ½ϵϿһϷ¿һ򣬽ĸ꣬ѵ㣬󾱵ѪҪҪȥҽҿһ£
ԣ㲻һԼĺ󾱣ַʱָ䶼մ˵Ѫһֽز˲û£ˡ
תͷĶͷϵǴ˿Ҳ¶˳һѪӡӡ
½㻹ȥҽҰһ±ȽϺá
ȥɴת˻⣺ȻΣǴ򣿡
ˣش򣬿ɼʵжǿ
½Ӧһ󣬴ս˵УҲô׵İնһǲⱦ
ѧУϵУԡ
ûѧУʲô£ȻУ¼ǹΪʲôŸֹܺԡѪս£У΢֡
һ½ôĽ
½ȵôôʣҿһúƽˡɱɱҸԸϿȵڵ㣡

аɡ
ôһԱȣϷȷǸгĻˡ
ϣصʱֺûڣƽؼˡ
ûƽߵԴ绰費ҪԼȥӡ
ڵǸٸʱǱȽеģҲæϾŵ
绰ͷû˽ӣӦæˡ
ֻ߳ң׼ȥӱˮ
ʱƽ֪ʲô裬ҪȥӺԡ
Ҳļˣһڵ
ȥӾС
ƽѾù˳ԿףЦЦôҰڰ·
ɫ
ƽЦѣôʲô͹ԹԵڼҵŰɡ
˵Կ׳š
ƽ뿪ӺˮȻߵǰ¥¿ţһֱûƶλá
ԼʮӺƽźԻˡ
һ߽¥Ӱˡ
ŶˮصԼķ䡣
Ȼʱ¥Ժƽڳܡ
һھŲ·״æȰСôˣлú˵
ڣƽָ̻ǫǫӵһ棬лôκͳ磺û£СԸֱŤأ
⻰ֱĵÿ³ͷ
ھӼûˣһ£æ˵ҽһûüлءŮԳθ׷ҪĻҪˣ
ƽº͵ЦΪһҽı֣л
˵ҽı֣˭Ҳ벻һºЦݵˣʵֵµЩʵϰҽѧиִѹһ
ƽһ̬ڴƿµЩˣǲϵĥŶԷʽֶ
ĩˣھŲˣ߱߸пҽǺ˰
뿪󣬺ƽЩԼҲǣôǸŤķӣ
ƽڲϤǰԶһº͵ƤϤˣһµò
ЦһͻȻԵͷͺݺݵǽײ
ǰ˭㵱ϹۣӽģҪ־͹ԼҸ㣬ȥˣҲ飡ӵĺǣҶ׷ȥһҲӲҵģ
ԱײͷۻͷѸٺ
Ȼȴ㾡ܵɡ
ⲻ˶ˡ
˴㣬ȵ߿ƽͬھ
ʱһоͶˡ
ڷ߰˷ӣȻʶ˲Ծ
ôʱ䣬Ҳýˡ
͵ȥ
û߼ֻˣǺԴġ
һ᣺С찢ǱͻȻе㼱£ȥæһ£ҾͲؼˡ
ܻؼң޷Ͷͷϵ˿ڡ
ͣ˽ŲβŻӦá
ʲôĺȴŨû
ƽ˵جΣ
ԴӶ֪֮һ㡣
ǺΪ֪ǵǰϣܰѧϰҪЩӰ쵽
ⲻ֪ͱӰˣαȱһŵѧԿʼһעҪи˽ᡣ
Ȼ뺫Ե˼׷ѣŬάΪĸҪӵǵ룬װԼȷ֪顣
ǽƽһ֡
ά᧿Σƽ
Ȼ˯ʱһ£עƽļܿᱻơ
ֻճѧϰȻϴ˴
ȵ˵ƣܰ˲Ծ
컨忿ˮƵĵطһС˸
ǵ΢ϸֲˡ
Ȼôɺϵؿˡ
Ѹ˷һԵֻͷʼһ컨㡣
һģͣ
컨ȫͷ
ģ˫۾ע
½ҡ
½ؼ֮󣬷½᰾Ȼˡ
ʱ½ڿͺ˵ŻҪ˵һŮ˶ԳôһңҪƹܼŵ£ʵǲס
ʵϣԴ½ΰ߳죬һŰ߳ź󣬽ؾͺ½Щ˺ܶ
½Щ۲ֵµҵȥҪһظˡ
ö֮ҼĻ١
²½᰽϶ԭġ
ĺϾؿɳϣƵضһڣʲô׵ģ˵úܺá
½һĵǳǿˣͬΪŮˣһܲ˽𣿡
˵գ̾һ
Ϊ롣
ķ²豭㵽˵ʲôֱ˵ɣҵȻỹһҪ
½ᰳû㿴ôҪᣬడ
ûģش͹ĺ̿ᣬ˼պϰʱ䣬ڲʲôʱ򿪣
ۼźѾûģ½ǲֻüæ˵⣺Ҿ˵ҵܵҲѾֿôˣ֪ˣܲԭ¡
ɫ˲ӽͰˣҪã
˵꣬һŶҲˣȷᡣ
˭֪½ᰵϹƽʱ滨ƵأС˶˺ü
ΪӪνҸĺŻӲǲ顣
Ȧ˶֪¡
½ᰵɫһӽסˣú˵£ʲô
ޱضҵʲôʱֵˣ
ĴŮǿ˷緶̳ˣһһж˼ѹ
ôޱضһ˵ʱ̲ס
½ʿˮ֪˵ˣֻǿ𣺡ˣҽҲΪģҪֶӵģþûˡ
һ˵ţһҪ뿪
ʱ½֪˳Цã㲻ҵôûˣ
ϴɻ
½᰼æЦԭСڼҰһΪ㲻ڡ
Ŷ½һͷ漴ʵãǲûҩ
½˲ɫ
½ʲô˼

Ȼ½Ǹ޹ģֲǹ˻ģģ˵ǰʱϳ˵ëûκã
ϳ˵ëʲô˼
˵񾭲
½ᰳץˣû
ǰʱȷȥҽԺԲ⣬ôϢˣ
ἰ£ԽԽֻǿЦˣȻˣҾȻȥˡ
˵꣬½ӦæŰ߳
һֱϷĺЦ
Ȼ½ۣڿˣǽһ泩
ͻȻһõӣԺ˭˳ۣͰ½͵Ǽȥ
һó½عͷ衭
Ĳ˵Լһ裬Ȼ뿪
ֻиҪҪʣûҹɣ
ʼ˵ˣʱòá
Ҫ϶Ҳ֡
ᵽ֣½ɫͲÿһµı顣
ļ״һҾʣûУˡ
˵Ҳʼݣ½ΰ߸ӴôӰ죬ȻһûȾѾˣ
½صԼ󣬴˺üϷעűתˡ
ʱһ绰
ôˣʲô
뵽½æͨιô
Ǳߣɤдɳƣҽȥ˯𣿡


11 
Ĺ
绰󣬰ϴƷͻϴʰã߳ҡ
һˡ
ƽӦǻصҡ
ѹӿ߳˼ңһ¥ߡ
ֱ߳¥վ½
¥·ƹ߻谵ڵ߰˰ˣ½վһĵطϹճ
Цݺҫۡ
½һ˲䣬·ӵص˼䡣
ûоʱ̣ԶҲ޷ᵽһԶ޷˵ǵְġ
ʶץһӣ߹ȥͷ½ļϡ
ŵ½Ϥľˮζ
ؿڷڵЩƽϢ
½ڶߣŵǣô
һ죬ûзһ񣬲˵û£ҿһ¾С
ὫЩĶ˵½
˶һ˵⣬ҲʲôʵԵá
½һȭͷʵǲ۸ˣ
ǷϣûС
ԣϣʱԶͣһ̡
˶ɼ죬ǰ;˶Ľ
ʵϣʲôҲں
ĴƽʱգǸʱû½ôСܵƽֽԥ𵶡
Ȼʱ½
ͬЧӦһжòһ
ԼЩӵ뷨һ䣬ֻᾲݷȵʱһ̣º͵ķƽʳ
̰
ֻΪҪ׷Ĺ⡣
˻ص½ҡ
Լû£½һ취ͼתעһ㡣

½˳رԼĵԣҪȻƬɣ
һʲôƬ
Щ׼½˼
½˽ӦòƬӡ
һ룬½ٺЦȻϲġ

ȻƬӣ
ʵҲ
ڲԼϲ½󿴵ġ
ѧϰ̬ȿһе
ⷽ汾û̫뷨Ҫ½붼ûĳ嶯ԣѧϰҪҲû򿪹
½˵ģ϶һһŮ
ӲȤˡ
ǿ½һԾԾԵģǵͷɡ
õ׿֮½ϰѵԷŵмλãȻһٲһƵļС
ֱƵʼš
˺ü룬ʵ˵ƬǵȰ
ֵ½ãȻˣ԰ȻΪʲô

аɣ˼̫ˡ
½Ӧ󣬶ѵΪɫ/ɫƬ
ɰ˷ܻˡ
û뵽ƽʱһĹĽģʵҲͦɫġ
½һ´½˷ģǳĬ룬漴ʣѵƬ
½
ѧԹȻгķӦ
ʱԡһ
½ɬسĬţƽˣ׷ʣҪһ𣿡
½һкĺģǲ˰ɣʹֻӰ췢Ŷ

ˣİɣ
Ȱϴ˯
һ£ԼֻҪ˯½ԱߣͲʧߵţҲ֮ϲˡ
ϴǺ˱ӡ
ɫ½ǱһЩ룬ֱܸܵ½£űۡ
ƹϨž
Сʱ
½С̽ͷûз㶯Ŵ϶͸¹ϸع۲
ϲط֣Ѿ˯˹ȥǳɫһƬͣûجΡ
½ģɻԼͷϡ
֪˯̵öôࡣ
˯ãƽʱڴϣӾ˯ȥ
ȻΪȷûΪʧߣӲסԼ˯⣬˾Լһ£㰾ܹȷ˯ȥˡ
½ɻԼͷϺһ˯
ڶϡ
ϰ֮ǰһƬ֡
ֻٲѧϰ
ԤϰȻϿεݣͿ̴ǰ߹
ͣ½ǰԪشк½ͬѧϺá
½ڴϷԣ̧ͷش𣺡Ҳǡ
̴кûߣǼ˵½ͬѧÿ춼ѧҲ̫˰ɡʵĩһְ̲ţÿص·ҲͦԶģҪһˡ
½˼Ҳְ
̣

Ҫץˣ
˼תߵߣͺûڼң
ͣ˱ʣôˣ
жȻȥˣֻһڡ
ϣƽֱ֪ĸе񾭣ҹڼҶ
ֵر󣬰¥ھӶˡ
ҹʵˣǶȥ꼰Լ
ֻ̣Ӵúܣ˸ĸȰ裬һ˫Ь¥
ÿź󣬷ƽһڡ
ǻҲ
ְô˰״̬̫ԡ
ڴϷ½һ˶䡣
̫ࣺܺ˰ɡ
ʵϣƽΪͺԶڼңƺ˷ͷԲŰҹ衣
ûŵζֻƽʱͦõģӦʲô
׵š
ƽı£ú˶мӡ
½͵һɫȻ˼
ԣͻȻҪԼ˯Ϊԭ
һڿ¿κ󣬵˳緹ʱ䣬½ʳȥ
߳ѧ¥
½ٴνӵ½үӵĵ绰
ȥԷ½ɵϴҲ˵ģأ
Ųûͣʵעȫ½ϡ
½үǱߴʲôƣ½ҪŶ뻹ҪϿΡ
ȣ
ʱͻȻһ
½̿˹
һȵøȿȿȡ
½æסֻʵôͻȻˣ
ֵ촽ܵӣ˻֪̫䣬ðˡ
˿һȴ¡
½ҴҵضԵ绰ͷ˵үү˵ˣ´ʱһԷɣ
˵ٶȹ˵绰Ȼ˵ǲȥʳˣȥҽҡ
á
ûӣ˾ߵҽſڡ
½ҪȥסѾûˡ
½Щ£ող𣿡
治ɫĲһƽͻȻӽԭɣѾûˡ
½ϸ۲һɫȷʵûܵģŷǾͺá
ʳȥ
;УǲʵүүԺȥԷ㶼ȥ𣿡
½ҲЩΪѣû취Ͼүү
΢΢һŮأ
ԣ½үѾ׼ᶨ£ɹ½һŮѾݡ
½˼һûϵܶٸҶܾˣ
ӡ
½ȥ
½ͿͬʶŮȤһĴξ˶۵Ǹأ
һڡ
ǺͶһϵġ
Ȧ֮󣬴Ҷɻ
ȥСһƿȪˮȻߵһ̨ϣ½
½;ƣ˶ϸַɵؾƿ򳡣һͶ
򳡱Χ˺öӣ׷Ϊ͹ľ
һˣ׼ѿȪˮùȥ½ûüվͱһӰסȥ·
ɫ̧Ȼ󿴵塣
ģءӴһⲻǵĴѧôһ⣿
£
岻ôҲǺĹҪҪһë򡣡
򡣡
壺
Ҫǰɣ
Ҫ򲻿ɣ
ųɼãԲܴϲб¾ͱһ˭ܳͷ
֪Ȱתת̨뿪ˡ
ûһᣬͻͬļסС֡
СƽʱͲ˶һë£֡
ȻܲסһȺȰǸʵĺӣεؾܾ˼Ҳ̫ãɵؾ͸ë򳡵ء
˼֮Сֲź֪ʶ˲Ծ
Ͳ˵һͬѧ꣬Ϊ˹
ôëǳذһǣһǸǣСܣûһʹ죬Ǳ
У岻ϵķȥ
Ǽ֮󣬶ʼЦ
С֣ǲ鰡Ŵô֣ͷʪˣ
ֵøͷƵģ˵ҲǺ軹ȥⶼԲôôֵģ
ûأСǰøһѧдһ飬ݹȥʱ˼ҵˣ
ԲۣⰡ
أ
ͻȻбҹһƿȪˮֱ˵лǼ
ǼæĴܿ
˭ĸվ
һվȺŭһ
ɫ󲽴̨Ͽҵģһ
Ǹźݻ˵ʲôֱ졣
ֵö̫󣬴ٳ˶Χ˹
һͶΪӪվԼĶ
ô°
ѧôͻȻƢˣ
һ˵Уֱߵë򳡵أСùģɫض˵򡣡


12 

ԼļıڵóˣǳһĻȣð㲻
ģҪ󣺡Ҫˣ͸СֵǸ
ҲûؾʹӦð
ôܻ䣿
͵űŰްɣ
ۼһĻԹȺڸ˷ˡ
Ȼ֪ʲôѧ˧
ҴŶˣ巸ˣһذУ۲۰
˵йأȡ
̲ЦһȻֵԭؼְƵҧס㼸˼
ʼ
ȷ
һȥûס
򳡱һкá
廹Ż˵ĻŵؿڵϵǸ
ô£
ȻֻǶһֶѣҲû̫ϣ൱ŵ
Ȼǵڶ嶼˷֡
Ķͷʼݺݵؿ˶һۡ
Сˡ
ԼⲻãóȫʵУ
һʮ嵽󶼶˷֡
رϣһѧѾˡ
ѧ񣬴Ѽ
岻ͦô˵ˣ
ĻҸطȥˣ̫ˣ
˾öѾĬĬ˺˺üڰϱҲԵãڸųӵֻǼࡣ
򳡱ϲûѹ̸ۣһķ꣬Ǳ߻һӣǶұ죡
һ˵øˣʲô˰ǣԼʵֱˣ
һֱڶʮʱûߣ֮˽⡣
ʱѾóκˣĨһѿҪ۾ĺˮĵֶڷ
򲻸ţԼȻһ˶ʮ
ôܣ
ѵֻѧϰôëҲôã
庹䤱ǱģԵøˬͷֻ΢΢һ㱡
߹ȥ˽ë
Χ۵Ⱥһڴϣø֡
ضĶٴУһҪסһ׼
˭֪ëֻػһġ
ܵĻȲƮƮĽűߡ
ʱ˵һ֡
⻰̶ֱӷ˺ų̈ף
һĬ󱬷Ļ
һ̫ˣ
ء
ɫѾڵòܿˣ͵ضľߣܡ
̱ĵ˵ǰɣеܣ㲻ˣ
Ϊ׵ļһҲɫƵ˳
ܣһû¹
һȽ
ʱһ峺𣺡ι裬չҽԺ
½ֻվȺ棬شŵ绰
չҽԺ
˾չǼҵģļң
巴Ӧ͵ͣƵĽŲ½㡭㼸˼
Ծؿʼ
ɲССֵ¡
½ûҶϵ绰ջһ䣺Ҿ͹һ¼ҵ⣿
ǿͬѧ֮˵ìܣûҪҳɣ
ҪΪԭ򣬵ʧҵԻᱻġ
뵽ϵľ֮ɫˡ
ۼŹˣ½ĵشӶֻչʾ忴һƬҲǶֻ˼䣬ô¸
ΧһЦ
㡭ǱϷˣ֮Ŀꡣ
½˵Ҳͬѧ֮ûҪҳټ鷳ҿɾ绰ˡ
һʱɫӣȫչʾˣ塢ŭԥȵȶС
գʲôҲû
һ˻ʤһ·˵ЦŻص˰ϡ
÷ǳˣƣУҲ̧ͷ
ٳֻʣļࡣ
һʵǾôˣ
ûشȼź⡣
ϰؼҡ
¥ºг½˵һ׼¥
½ҲˣгƵһϡ
ǣ
½гֱЦһؼңȻ˯
Ȼ֪巢ʲôҲԸֱһʲô⡣
κ۸ģ
û뵽½Ȼزһ뱣
˼ġ
һǰס½ĳ嶯
Ȼ½ȥ
Ҳƽʱըָʲôʱͱըˡ
½żȥһ»УǲܳʱشΣյĵط
ûþܾ˵ǡ
½ǿܾæ˵һ𣬲𣿡
˻һʧȥ˾ܾ
УͶԷһǸ
¥Կ״š
ŵơ
ʱƽһɫӼҷ۾һҽѧ׿
ſڵĶתͷ½Ҳں¶׺͵Ц⣺Сˣ
֪ǲǴ½һ飺õ塣
һԲûʲôؽݡ
ƽеףЦʵҪҪҹҵ
ش𣺡ǲ
ƽôӲĻظҲûת½˵СǼĹϵܺð
½˾൱ͬصͷǵȻСһ𳤴ġ
ƽЦ꣬漴˵֪ʲô뷨𣿡
˵ţƳ
˻һʱž
ػƽ
ԻɱĻôʱ˿̣ƽѾǧС
ƽܵĿ⣬ĵһֱ̬УǴһܡ
ﱻסľ£
ô
˭֪½ƽĻȴһһٵɫʲô뷨˵ȻͶ˵ˣҪת
ƽЦϡ
ðΣŻָ飺˵ͦõġֻҪ֪ʲôµĻܲ졣
˵仰վˣͲˣȻطȥˡ
һۣȻ׻Լҡ
վԭû
һ̲סǰƽƴһ
ʱ½սСʵôԽԽְ
ʲôҲ˵
ܾƽǴһٵ˵
ʮֲ
³һؾػӦܰɡˣڿһᣬҽʰһ¡
½Ϊ˵ķң̱ʾûϵÿȥҼңҲûʰ
֣ȵһ¡
ðɡ½ɳϣֻʼ档
һ˽ҡ
ȥ֮ûƣֻһһ鷿ĸ䡣
ǰһϣͷ𾪷ŭǿԼ侲һһͷˡ
ֱڣҲû³ͷ
ƽû֮ǰѾˣ
ֻһֶΣ
̬֮ԱΪ̬޷˵˼ά߼ȥĦĶ
ûǸƽϷҪ棬ҲӦƶ
ֱȷϣȷʵûͷҲûԾĵطŷ߳ȥ½˵õˣɡ
½ңΪĵض˵Ҫʲô鷳һҪʱ˵Ŷ
ðϴ˵Ц⣬ǲһôԼÿ϶Ҫѧϰһ˯ġ
½ע̱תƵѧϰϣˣȫſܣҲѧϰѧϰҲң
ʵе̾һ
ȥĻβͬһѧأ
һҹ¡
ڶаļڡ
żȥѧУǾȵϹ˹䡣
½һСкҡҡȻһŰǰ˺ãоʵûۿϽ߽Աߵһҷꡣ
˷һλ¡
˵ȥһϴּ䡣
½ƺڻζոҡҡͯ飬˸߲ҵػһ䣺Уȥɡ
˲ȵ˸䣬߳ϴʱȴ½
½Ҳվϴ̨ǰ
ͣˮˢֱȻʹš
ֱ̫Ѿʼˡ
֪ʲô߹ȥߴˮͷϴ֣½ôˣ
ࡣ
ۼ½ڲͣϴ֡
صԼˮͷȥصǸϴˣϴֶƤˡ׷ʲôˣ
½̧ͷϻԶ׼Ķų⣺ոǸԱ˵ʱҵ֡
ո뿪󣬺ܿһзԱŲ˵߹½һ˲䣬Ķˡ
½ĸߴģӢǸȦֱˡ
ֻǸҲҪ֪ϰʱſʲôɧ/žٶ
ǳŵݲ˵ʱװһ½ֱʾ
ŵȻѰҪϵʽ
˭ָ֪½ֱ½ͷӦվ˵Ҳѡһײڵء
Ǹ˻ûӦͿ½ǵس˲ķϴȥˡ
½ĻֻҲ΢΢࣬һ񣬰ǻһҵɡ
½ͷ˵ԼĸܣҲ֪һңĺöİ
һֱܵų⡣
ƽʱҵѣֻá
ҪӴϲ˼ؿʼ
ĵ²ۣͻȻûθڣԷˡ
׿ڴһ̺УЩ䵭˵ԺҪ㡣
½ʾǲһ
ôһأ
ǿǷС
˵ˣȫ¶ģҪ˵ˣӵҲûϵ
ʣһĵǼ򵥵ӴǱﰮ⣿
һ½ŻԼҲʼų⡣
ʡ
ʳڵһ̵̣ʱ̡
ĲǸһ
ֻһȵʱ죬ȷһʧʱٳӵǰˡ


13 
˫
½һҷ꣬ȳ극·һСʱ㡣
׼ȷ˵Ǳ׷ܵ㡣
ʱһ׳ĸֹܣֱײ
ĺ߰˸죬ɷ׷ᡣ
½ɴ۾һĻУͬѧÿô̼𣿡
Ųһ
ƽʱ˵Ҳؼʶһء
˵꣬ۿһһשͷ׼ӣæѣ㣬Сĺ棡
ѣ㼰ʱӦ㿪שͷ
һ·˹·ǰʱһϽܣ
ЩȷǨŭ½˼Ѿó޵Ŀ⿴
½һӦץס֣Ȼ
׷һûУעȫ˱½ǣŵ档
ϣⳡûоͷ
ȻϤһǴֹƹСڰЩ˦ˡ
ܹͣǽϢһᡣ
½ոΣǣסǱܷӦΣսˣҲȻȻɿȻûﲻԾ
ӣɫս֣·𻹲һ˵¡
лˣ
½˵һ
½ذ֣ҶͬѧС²طϡˣΪʲô׷㰡
׷Ⱥ˿ѧ
һϻġ
Ȼشծ£ҸĸûûҹĲĸҲǼծˡ
˵˦˦ֱۡ
Ȼ֮ǰȺ˴һܣѾ˲ʡ
ֱϵ˿һѪ˳ָʼϵΡ
½ֱüͷϽӶһֽݹȥҪȥһ£СĸȾ
ûаֽӹȥѪĲԼֱһں˵Ⱦ͸Ⱦ££˶һ˰Ҳûʲô
ʱ˿ڣΪ㸸ĸҪǵĴͷԼ
ԳЦһ㲻Һ㲻һɼãδζ꼶һδɶӽӣҲУҲûȥ
ûٶ˵ܶ鶼ҪԼף˶ȰҲû塣
˼ָ𣺡ˣˣллǵİ
˵뿪ˣ˵ֱ۲Ȼشţǹˡ
ıӰ½ͻȻ˵Ҿ˵òԡ
ĿƵϣô
½ǳᶨ˵ļֵֻڳɼϣѧϰɼãҲúܾʡ
û뵽ͻȻôһ⣬˵ȤΪʲô˵
Լ½е
½ɫر㣡
ŵǼɺרעֻҪ϶飬ѣҲһȥʵ֡
ѧϰȻָߣǱ󸶳ŬҲ١
ѧУѧ⣬һ࣬ʱ϶һƬ֣û˵˼ѧϰϡ
ֻ£ȴܹרעѧϰ˿ܱ˵Ӱ졣˵ҪһԾĻ꣬Ҳ򲻶
Ʒʵˣʲôɹأ
½ۺЦһҲܲÿδϷר־
½˲䷢ȡ
ڵ٩Լ֤ݡ
ϣ½ҡ
½ϰһóһֽſڿĲ輸дд档
½صңľ½Ŭĳ
Щ졣
Լܵܽתˣ֪ѧϰˣ
ĳʵѵһ
ԿһԵſϵţ½æ֮ڸ
½һߵȣһԼ̫Ѩ
ȥһӦ꣬˲ٵľơ
ӦΪվٰģջ磬ʮ죬ǼܲסּͥܶǰֺõˣնûѾףüˡ
ڣ½òͣ˱ʡ
½Ͷ䶼ſĶ߹ȥڸأѧϰ
ûа½̧ͷش൱ʵһ¾ʮˣ˼θףգ
½ͬһģձ缸£Ѿˡ
¸¡
½½Ļ룬֪Լֱ¥ˡ
ŰҪ֤
ʱ½վγеǣ磬ôо̫ԣǲǸð˰
½һ㶣ѵðԼҵܾܵȻҲԼ
˵ͼ½ŵغ˺üס˿ڱǣɲҪȾң
½裺
½ֲһ䣺ҲŶҪ¼ӴȾǾͲˣ
½裺
۵˵ת¥ȥ
½ں磬ô˵ˣ
ﻹŨŨĲ޹
½ͷҲص¥
ֱصѵװ˺һᡣ
Լҵܵʵ̫˫ˣֱûۿ
ҪȻֱӰ˴͵ҵˣ
ûһᣬͻȻˡ
½Ϊ½
Լǹܼ
½ȥš
⣬Ÿðҩ˵үү˵ðˣ͵ҩоôҪҪͥҽһˣ
½迴һеĸðҩ˫ֻأûӹȥأҽˡ
һеҩ
ߡ
½Ӳؾܾ
˭ҪǸ˫ܷܵԸҩ
ȵܼҩ뿪ʱӲظĿڣˣöˡ
ɲΪ½ԭ򣬴ǲ˷Ѷѡ
ϰʱѧУͻȻͣˡ
ߵ֪ͨ˼䣬ôҾڽȴһ硣
Ҫæ˵뿪ˡ
һߣ̷
ò״ŲϿεĻᣬһɼˣ׷óֻƵƣϷĴϷ
⣬ͣ£ֻ÷˱ʡ
ûϰŽ׼ؼ
ʱ̰ŵߵ˺ҲϷɡ
ʲôϷ
Ļðհ˵ţóһӺһƬ͵ȻǾͶӣǸ˸ʣСǸشĻʹðյݶƬ顣
ϷԾ֮ⲻھƣһǳ½ġ
Ȼû˵ʲôʵϺıϡ
Ȼ棬½ȻҲͬ⣺û
ôһļϡ
½Լϵ鶼ŵǱȥʰɾ档
ǰŵСҲ̵֮£תⳡϷ
һһ档
һͶӵʱʣش
ϲʵĸоˣ˷ܵĻǴðգ
νĻɡ
̴ǵƬһţʣһνʲôʱ򣿡
½𾪵Ƭô𣿡
̳գһۣѽ
ôռأ
Ȼ˵Ҫش𣿡
һҲӳֱӻشС
⣬ʣ˶˲̶ͬȵĸп
УԲУԣǶǰôʱ䡣
ڶֵ֣Сʣ½ش
½ѡ˴ðա
СִӿƬһţͰ͵ѡڳһ˸ֽӡǡ
½Ӧ죺ܻĻ𣿡
Ŷڵȵһ̣죬ѡ˾Ͳܷڣ
ڳȫ
ô½ѡһ¡
½֪ͬġ
ȴĻˣ
Ȼû뵽ǣ½һͰųˡ
ĹһŮǣǸֽŮ˵̫á
ˣѡ̡
ǣѡڳʣˡ
㣿С֣
˲ԺųˣòסǵĲʣûбֳ
Ȼֻʣһѡˡ
½ʶذĿתƵ촽ϡ
½ĿתԼͣһģֻܿɢ
˽½Էôġ
ʱ½촽Щ
촽״ܺÿܱе졣
촽Ҫȥˣһʲôоأ
ʶԼЩʲô½ৡһ¾ͺˡ
ãҴҵرߣ˭ѡֱӽܳͷ
½æܿߵľٶЩܿصʧ䣬й˵Ȼ
ǲţ½㡭Ҫٿһ£
½ҡͷҡó죬ӱոԺﲻе󣺡ͷʲô
½ʮԳΪڶϷĳͷ
˼֣˶һƬײг̶ȡ
һУ鵽ҪСֽףתС֣û˵һƤתȻ˳ͷ
һʱʣش
ʵĻǴðգ
ָ£ԥ˼˵Ļ
Ļֻ˵˵ðҪʵж
ҪѡĻѡǰߡ
ȿȣһɤӣһſƬϲ𣿡
ʱǳԵض˫Ŀ
֪ԼЦھӻ᲻Ҳϲˡ
СҲעϡ
УӦĪ½
ʹе֪ˣһˡ
᲻ڻϲǸأ
½Ҳ˵ĵĸܣֻϣĻشѾϲˡ
Ȼʧˡ
һһ٣ػشУѾϲǸ˺ܾˡĻⱲӾˡ
ش½Īί
ǵɴӣȵòС
ϲˣ
һĳŵ


14 
͵
絽Ҳû
׿꼶飬߻ؽ·ά޻Ҫܳʱ䣬ϰͲˣǰѧ
Ϣһʱ
ͣ꣡׽꣡
̫ѵˣǾȻҲвϰһ죡
Ž̰ý̨Ұ
ѧеǺģֻҪ¶һ㷢ŭǰףѧܿ찲
׼ҴӲԴҷɣǸѧϰʱҪѧϰϾҪڿˣǼҳᣬǵʱ׼Լļҳ
˵꣬ɨһˣڿǺѧУһԾѶȻӴǸҪó׼
϶¶˾֡
иѶȻӴ󰡣⻹ǳ˿һЩʦ뺦ң
׾׼ӹȥһ۱ͷǿ㻰࣡㿴˼Ĵοû߰٣
ǿǰϵίԱƽʱ컬ģһ㣬ܿ˷۱ͷƤЦ׽㣬⻰Ͳ˰ɡܸѧȣǾͲһˣ
ٴһ۱ͷȥ
ˡ
ٶ˵䣬ʱľʦ᲻򼸷֣
˵ҪԵ£㲨ûС
½ͻȻһ֣൱Ժȼ֮ҸҳᣡûãҸҲң
մմϲģЩûѳɼߵ㣿
½һ̹Ȼû
ǰѧ½߳ѧ¥гķȥ
ûʲô飬顣
ֱߵгλã½ʲôࡣ
̧ҡͷûʲô
½ûѧϰĶǸ˵ЩҲûá
ʱ½ͻȻ˵о㶼Ц
ƽʱ˵ҲЦ
ֻмʱЦЦòԣҲǳÿ
۾΢΢ҹ£ѩڡ
½ŸпǧЦ
Ĭ룺ұ죡
½ٺЦû˵ҪЦЦҿܾ͵ҵ˰ɣ

Ҫһֱվ⣬½˵ЩĪĻ
˵Ͻߣһ󼱴ٵĽŲʹ
ֻ̱߸ߵβһ˦һ˦ģǱ߰һȥտ£
ϾҪڿˣ㲻׼ϰ
̱½ѧϰѹͲ֪ϰʲôǰʱžˡ
ԣпǰķݣϾҪŵظϰˣܺú÷һ°
ĿͶ½أȥ𣿡
Լν½ȥһ
½൱ȻȥҾȥ
̣
ݣ
ɴһˣ
ջһȥһտꡣ
̰Ҳˡ
˵տһ¡
ȡ½ȻȻؽ˹ȥԼķһ
½ź˳ֻһˮˮ̵ͦģһٺȡ
̶ȣһǾ
ͬһϣ̱ʾֲ֣ⳡͿǧٻˡ
Ȼƺټǳסˡ
ܿ뵽п½ĳ
̲ס̾˻᲻̫һ㣿
Ļ̶ֳ𣿷ͰϵЩֻụ𡣽ʲôûгû߶ԷӣŪԷһѾˡ
ƸϽһ⣬תԼע˵Ҫڿˣ
ƳϢͦͨ
ǣûҲ֪£˵ţƵԵǺôڿƽʱûпԣУҲһͨҳҶԼδĺã
˵꣬һתˣȻտҪ𣿡
̷˸ۣתδҲ̫˵㣿
һ룬һ߻ش𣺡ѾδãˣǰĿҲץסȻ̫ˣ
ڵտļ϶һССڵų֭һ½ˣոûüʣ½ͬѧûϲ˰
ʵ⣬ڽĻðյʱ򣬾͸ˣһֱûֵ½鵽صĿƬ
һһʱ˼졣
ɫδض˹ǰˮһڡ
һ±ơ
Ǵʲô
һôҵ⣿
½ʵҡһͷûС
ˮ
̸оԼлᣬڴؼʵϲʲô͵أ
˵ţһͷҲЩ
ϲʲô͵ġ
˵ʵ½Լûϸ⡣

һġ
ƤҪã۾Ц֣ҲҪ£촽һ㡣
񻹲ʲô
½ʶƳβǿ롣
һ
ˣһ룬Ҫβ棬طУ
½ʧ
ҪŮöá
ֱĿ⣬Ҳ½͵رߣһӾͺˡ
ȵȣ
ں˼Щʲô
½Żŵضǰˮװһڡ
ΪԼе뷨߳ܡ
ķСôЩֵֹ뷨
ʱ̵ȲˣôһֱǱ߿ô뵽ʲô𣿡
½Ǿ֣߳ѿڶһǱȽϲԼ
¿αϣû
ǳտʱվȻʼƮѩˡ
һʱҶЩϲ
½˳ض˵ĵһѩҪȻȥҼҿѩɣ
½Ǽҵĺ԰һľͷοȡ
ȵݶߣ˺ܶĻݣԱ߻һ˹ȷѩĺõط
΢һͷԡ
Ǻ˻ص½ҡ
ĺ½趼ڼңǹܼҽӴǡ
½ڿţȻ¥һɫ޷Уˣɡ
ǵĶУҲǺģһ޲ѩȻ޷Ӧ
Уʼ޷
½Ա߿ôסˡ
Ƥףݣⳤİɫ޷ٺʲñϵһȦëΪ˲
½ԼտĪ뷨һʱټϿ
޷󣬷½վԭûʵʲô
½͵ҡͷʲôҲû룡
ⷴӦԾѡ
һʱҲ벻½Щʲôֻʵ㲻һ㣿
½Ҳ䣡
⵹ʵ֪ǲǾԭ½ʱһ˶ҪãǴ죬˶ů͵ġ
˻԰ȣľϣſϿѩ
ɫȷ
ѩƵشƮϲһһס
½ֳԴѩһ˵һѩԸҪҪԸ
һۣ
½һ㶣Ϊʲô
ûʲôġ
ԸԱߡ
־ͿԴûҪ˭
ðɣˣҲһ
½һʼѩʱ˷ܣߴߴ˵˰죬֪ôеſ˯˹ȥ
û˵תͷȥѾ˯ˡ
û뿪
ʱԲΣض½ϸϸһҲ
½ĳƫŨīزһң䣬Ӣڡ
˵ֳһЩԡǣ½⿪ʵԸԣֻ˾ĳȡ
ʱ棬½ˡ
ѺɫݸӶˣ˳ʵСأ
Ӷ˴үں԰ѩء
½迴һϵıô˻ڿ
Ҳ£½룬Ҳ˺԰
Ȼȴ벻һĻ
ѩҹûкܰϵѩűİ׹⣬˺ӰӰ´µڵһֺ±иļӳúܽϡ
οյ½ſϣ˯ȥˡ
Ա߰ؿſţ޷·ʱ˳Ŷ½Ĵ
ҹϸѩڳĻϣһչ¶š
ǳһǣſƣԺԵ顣
½վԭأһʱ˶
ֱ˵̧Ӻӡ
һƬᶨ
Ŀⲻ㲻


15 
תѧ
ϲҵܵܣ
ֱʳ仰ˣ½ŴӸոһĻлع
ҲǾ˲£棬ȻոջǶݵس
š
嵭ĮһԥҲûС
ʱվһξλãĿͶǱſŵӰ
½еһ֧̻񣬸ûȼʶԼԱվһѧһ£׼̷Żȥ
˭֪ȴ˵ɡ
½һ㶣ǰ̷˻ȥŴÿ϶ʵС֪ɣ
Ҳǲ֪ġ
һ㹻˽ԼҵܵܣҪ֪һϲԼ϶޲˱ᡣ
ӣû˵
½ô˵ҲǸ˼뿪ŵˣ½ûʲôų⡣
ֻΪ磬Ļǵһ£ѧϰŵʱ򣬰˼棬Ӱ죿
ûӰ졣
½Զ°䡣
½ǳɼӰӰ춼һ
½ûϲҲкܶ谭Ĳ˵費һͬɣ
½ϾҲ̳ϻˣ½ԹɫһЩ
ҲûôӴƽһ֪˲̫Ծ
ڣ˵Ҫֻں½ô롣
⻰½Ķסһüͷ
̬һֻ֪ѧϰĹԹѧ
Ҫ˵Ļƺô㡸辢
ʵ½豾ӴҲ١
ȫƽʱ½ڶ˵ͣŶһ˽⡣
½Уɼãúã̲ȾƣĶŵ㡣
½һӴƺһЩһĶ
˵ǡıõıǸɵܵһǱ˻ϸǮ֡
ʱù½˵ʱ䲻ˣȻȥˡ½л¥ȥ˯ɣСĸðˡ
½бǽϣһͷ
Ĳ˵ܵġ
һȻͣ½Ų⣬£鷳ܡ
½費ÿɷءšһ
ջصԼңžͱˡ
ţƽ׼ϡ
ƽھ˵½Ǹڷչôˣ
ͣ˹ŵĶ˲䲼˱˪
û˵ƽҲ⣬ĥһ£ɴתѧô
˵꣬ͺϾع۲ķӦ
ͼ۲쵽ֻźʧ롣
ʧˡ
ֻؿûı飺תѧ
԰ƽһ˶񺮵Ц⣬Ҷˣ˵ҺҪȥعѧУܹ鲻ܲ˰ɣ
еĺ֮ɫ
ƽˣЦЦѣôʲô
ղûΪ仰⡣
ʼˣ˵ˣ˵˾뿪
ƽٴȥ̲סԱߵˡ
ƽǸЦݣż˰˵˵Ϊʲôô½СԼȥˣ
˰ûõش
ƽԸ˵Ҳû¡
յת뿪عͷٴ˵ϸ룬ƺתѧȷǸ⡭
أ
һ졣
š
ƽǶĵڱˡ
źƽһºȥԡϴ
ڴʱôҲ˯š
ùԱߵֻһѾʮˡ
һԵĶϣʼŵ֣ͼԼƽ
Ȼ޲
շת࣬һҹûô˯
ڶϡ
½ҡ
½֮ŲӴ¥
½Ѿڲʼ緹ˣһҪȥſᡣ
½˹ȥ棬ô£ҵĲӺʹŶ
Ҳûɵʱ½Цһ˭ſ˯ôã㲻ʹ˭ʹ
½˯֮ѾûʲôӡˣֻԺǵ½˷䡣
뵽Цؾǰţ̣磬һл֮飬ûҶ
½֪ôݡ˵ô˯øƵģС˰˶֪
½û²ۣس͡
½裺
Լҵܵûˣ
½һ㣬̧ͷʱ½һָ⸴ӵ
½ŵˣ磬ʲô񰡣ӦҶɣɲŶѵܹļֵۣ
½ɴ뿪˲
㲻ðɵĵܵôϲϵģ
½Ͷûꡣ
һ֮͡
һλ̬ⱦĸŮϿһưʢ˵˽
½ʳһá
˵ͬʱҲͦɻ
ǰĶ½
ôĴ½
½ŷܵػ½һȻļʵأ
½̬ȲãҲû̲¥ϡ
½ŵõ֮¥ߡ
һ߻һߵԹţʲôŮǿ˲Ůǿ˵ģ˵ʲôȻỹҪȥţҴ͵øϹ
ߵ¥ϺһʱֲļǺĵģԥ׼һ䡣
ʱϵһҴ򿪣Ǻ˳
Ϲû˯һͿһɵվ⣬Ӳˡ
һ¥ߣʲô£
½ŸողҪȥǽһ⣬ֱ˵ҵܵܵĵ绰ˣϵ㡣
һۣǰԣ
½Թ˵һշްնôҲ̫˰ɣ
ͣ˽Ų´һۣ֪½ĵ㲻ͬ𣿡
½һ㶣ʲô
ĳٻ֪Ĩǣ¶̵̵棬㣬ȫһֱͨԡ
½һʱӦ
ʲô˼
Լ
ͨľͽ˹ܼң壬Ϳ͡Ժסʲôèţ
£½ſˣŭģʲô˼ôӦýһ㣬ô˵ģ
ʱ½Ѿ緹ˣ߹ѯʵã˳·ȥ
½˦һ°ŭ뿪ˡ
½ȵصɴӣ·ÿ죬ϵ׳
½ţ
Ȼ˵ϣ
תȥ¼䣬һ뵽½˵죬ԽԽԿֻ뿪ˡ
һߡ
֮ǰۡ
˯߲㣬оԴܲ
ǿߵԡң˵ˮϣ˼֡
ϴãԡ߳ǰ鷢µˮ·Ҳ˵ɫ
ȵ¥½˲侪ǲﲻ
ɫҲ̫ˡ
ҡһͷû£ֻû˯öѡ
½Ͻ˵Ҫٰɣ׽ͬġ
ǵǣӢӶ
áֵ߰ɣȥѧУ
½
ʲôԽ鷳˯߶ܱ֤
֪׷ʲôȻúõر
ˡ


16 

ϰʱӢӡ
Ȼһѡ⣬ͷԼ״̬С
ЩĸʱȫӰ塣
һ̫Ѩٴμע
ˣһɶȫ
һüͷ˱ʣ½˵ſһᣬϿνҡ
᲻һ˿˻ơ
½ǵؿ˵ͷã˯ɡ
ӵǺۡ
ϰ¿εһ죬½󲽳ȥ
ûһᣬһͻˣ˽ѣû緹ɣеѪǡ
ѵֱգ۾βЩ죬ƣ
һ˯˲Сʱ᲻öֻ˵ۡ
ӹͣЩĲɵسš
ܿƵƽ˵¡
ʱ½ֻ
үүġ
½һүү绰̾
үүΪʲôôִŰ
ȫ㲻
⵭ƳֻĻֿһ½ˣȻùţ̺һڡ
½Ǵⲻӵġ
û뵽Ǳ߸ûͣ˼һӾʹڶ
Σ½ֻý˵绰ȿڵιүү˵ҪȥԷ
Ǳߣ½үӾʮ㣺ôүүԷˣ
½ߵ㻹˼˵ÿζǵҳԷ
ÿζòͬĽڣͼƭȥ
½үӴҲе飬βȦˣֱӹҳϣ֮ǰܵЩŮûôãα֤һʵģ˾֪ˡ
½ҪôܷҽŮأ
һˣ֪жˡ
θھͲãڸЩʳʡ
еΣ½˵½Ҫתѧˣô
⻰̫ͻȻ½һʱûзӦתѧʲôתѧ
׹˵ʲôעһתƵϣæع˵绰үүҺæпĹ
Ҷϵ绰½ֵؿո˵ʲôҪתѧ
ķӦеĻҪ
ȫܽ¡
⵭ɨ½ŵ飬˶٣ż˵
ö˶˵ģôᵽ£һ˵ʲô½ʼ²⣬˵ʲôҪתѧ
;ֲԾˣһ˵ʲôŻͻȻ¡
ֲý״̬ôѵΪµӰ죿
û뵽½ֱôֻ½绰£˳ǰ̽һ½ķӦ⵽ʱҪתѧʱܲˡ
ĿĶѾﵽˣ˵û£ֻһ˵ҵһʱ𣿡
½ƣΪֻƲֵãʲô⣬һҪһʱҡ
ǾԲͬתѧġ
úúõģΪʲôҪͻȻȥѧУҪǵʱɼ»ô죿
ңѾøʲôˣҪˣ͸˭
μʱ֡
ڰ칫ǰ޸Ľ̰
±ʣ׼һˮʱվڰ칫
бϣ˼ʲô
ɫк£ĺ紵ţôվǶУ԰ܵɫ
˿ܳĬ
׷ˮߵſڣ£
ŻعվֱЩһ˵ʦ֪˲Ըת
û˵ֲ꣬˵ˡ
תתʲôЩɻ
û¡ҡһͷ󲹳ʦ
ʶԼΪЩĪ
ƽֻ˵˵ѣûʵж
ӦôľԱš
˵һʹˣæסȻҲ֪㵽˵ʲôʦ㱣֤ܷʲôҾվԼѧߡ
һ£֣صллʦ
뿪칫Һûֱӻؽң˶¥¥ݿڡ
̨ͨŵġ
Ҳųֻ̂Ҹû˵ĵطúõ˼һ¡
ôǽϣͷӶһ֧̣ȼ
ֻһڣʹ֡
Ҫܳװƽ
ƽЩ£ȷ顣
Ҫ˵Ҳô
øַʽƱ磬ѳͷ
һ򲽽ıͷˣһ֮ǻ²ͺԡ
Լ˵µҲҪ׷ĸӡ
ƽʤȯյض˵˭ƫƫҵĶأɣ
ٴγһ̡
Уÿ񻰣ɫȴˡ
ʲô
ΪʲôҪ
ǰͼ赲ϣҲҪһһ
һֻ񶯣
ֻ½һϢȥϾҪϿˡ
֣ϻ
һֻڵӽԱߵͰȻһǣŽš
ص¥ʱԶԶؾͿ˵һſڵ½ڶĴѰ
һ˲䣬һ¶˱⻹Ҫҫ۵Цݡ
ĵɣֻкڰָǰĹ⡣
һʱĸϰڿˡ
죬һ˽ңɫ˶ҴԴڿԣҪ˲ԣʱ칫ңҵѧϰ
׵ѧϰһˬ
ϵͬѧ˲еݷеͼҵԼͬһģʱðвһ¡
Լ棬鶼
½սŵŵҸоӦ÷Ӳ
ţͣʰĶΪʲôô˵
½Цģ֪͸оԼ״̬ܺãһڤڤ֮еڱң
˵žóһľһһѡţ׼һֻ˳۵ıȥԡ
ǲľ߶ࡣ
һţӢۡ
֮󣬾;ֱĽſڡ
½濼ԡ
ܿ죬½˳ȥ黹
Щɻѵ˻淢ӵò
һʣ½ήˣӢĺѣ˵ͲӢģﻹôѰ͸дţ

֪
ñжڴ
ܿ죬Ҳ˹Ҳ̫ãúͲģ㶹㶹ƫƫֳɻƵ̵ģԲģǳԽôô鷳
ƽʱ½˵ʱţͷ죬ڿϣڴһ£ͬһƵˡ
һʳߵĹУȫѧ²ۣ۵˵
½߷ߵҲǰĶС򣡡
ϣѧҲûõȥЩӦʽ˭ܼסҿ۵ʱ򣬺ȫǸ࿼ʦͷˣоʣˣȻѧͺͷ
½пɰ۵Ǹ࿼ʦҲûʣͷˡ
̣
½ʵԹûסʵôˣ
ûͬһҾǰ棬мֻһˣ
һȥλ½ô˷˺һᡣ
æͷ·˶λϣͼչʾĶıӰ
½룬ȵǾȻһҶûע⡣
̣

ɱɣ


17 
һ
ܵĴ̫ˣ߽ʳú󣬿һļŮϱʾҪȥһ
ʱ½˿ڣ㡭
һϲҪҵĻ
½Ҫȥ͸ϽǱҪˡ
̣
Ǻǡ
뿪ֻʣ½ˡ
Ǵ˷λϣ½һƳУڴһҪˣæѣ㶵ĶҪˡ
ֽÿӣ˳˵ҷŽȥ
˵֮ͻȻӦһ£ġ̡
һæڣԼ
ȻѾˡ
ûüֹ½Ѿ쵽Уڴ
һ룬½ɴ۾ǣ̣
ǲš
׼ֹֹĶ˰ա
̧ȥ½ɫ
½ô룿
Լеһ
㰲˺ü롣
³һ죬ƿҪ̵ķΧ㡭ǲǽܲˣ
˭֪½һ˵˭㶵ģݺ㣿
ϵıɻתΪߡ

ԭѧҲ̰
ʱһǱ
ȥֻվڲԶϹųļЦ
ץסʲô˵İѱ
½һӦάץԼģ
ߵ㵱Ϲ
˵ĳ졣
Ǻѧ𣿺ѧҲ̣˵סˣָоغܶɡ
ûϿź֮ɫǸӡ
ǽһ
ɺϵǣʱѧʳѲߡ
һת̸µΡ
½ķӦٶȳ죬ͬһʱ̣ʹվȻ͵ذ̺
̵壺
ʱ½Σ̣ҵץסˣ
ȵתͷʱỵ̈½վһԣʮץ
һɣ˹壬Ȼʳọ́
壺
ûܹôί
ڿԵİźܺţţϰϣǰؼҡ
ʱ仹磬½׼ȥֱ߳Ե㶫ȻŻؼҡ
һ߳Уţʶ˲Ծ
ڸǡ
سΧһ£ȴʲôҲû
ѹǵǣԵ½˵
½гߣ߳̾һڿˣо屻Ϳա
ʵԼο˶٣
½˼һ£ӦûҰɡ
ȻƽʱûôѧϰԴϴÿοԳɼ̫߻Ǵﵽˡ
Ժ̲ס̾һ㲻̫˵㣿
ͼ½ҪܷͼǿĶ־
˭֪½һҲҾûаɣͰ
룺Ϊʲô
½ٺЦҿָ߰ɡ
ҹСԽԶܻӭģС̯ڵ·ԣʳɢ˵ζ
ߵһۺըǰ˶Ȼ
һλϣ½ȥԱ߷г
ʱٴβֱӵĸо
ɫֻװʼϷʵעΧ
ûã½źгˣﻹ̲裬ζǱǰȻչȥֻʲôϷ
˵꣬ŷֻ֣ǴϷǲû档
ɻô棿
عҡһͷû¡
Լǰζ̲裬סˡ
첻һӣû뵽½һֱϡ
ͬʱ½ϸԼ֣ձʵĵطȻһЩӣҵ֡
һæȥôˣ
½ȻҲзܶѫ£
ûü˵½֣ҿء
½Լ֣ϥϸ۲졣
˵ָഥ·ӴЩƤ¡
֮ͦľٶһж·ĳ
½һô۲֣оҲ档
ְ޳ʳָָ֮ձʵĲλҲһЩӣ½ԼĺһЩ
½ȥ
ָʶһ£Ϊ˱ʧ̬ͷ
һתͷͿ˹սǴƽ
һ룬͵س˱½ץס֡
½ĶһϽʵô
û˵۾סһ
ߣҲ˹ȥ
ֻսǴƽվ
ƽˣһҲûУȻؽŻ˹İȻ۾
ˡ
ֱƽߵǸǰ½˿Ҫգ壬ʲô
ž衣
ӴѾٵΪƽǸº͵ĳˡ
һ뵽ƽתѧеų
ƽû˵ɫһ㣬ЦûʲôҲճ극ڽϹ䣬˳ĵƬ
Ȼڻش½۾ȴǶġ
ע£һһ٣ͬ˱ĵ𣿡
ƽʱûС
ˡʱ֡
˵꣬һװ°ڣȻˣԣһҪȥҽԺһˡٷ͡
ٿǮǵϣȻ뿪
úõһٷôƽӰˡ
صȥһˮһȫȥؿӿּȲʲǿѹȥһ㡣
±ӣ׼Լҡ
Ȼʱһ¡
ƽ鷿ûء
Ǽҵ鷿ƽר˽䱸أÿ뿪鷿ҪϣʱȷԼûҪ顣
ˣͺԴûнȥ
һ裬ƽš
ڿɳϣһس鷿˽ȥĵơ
ƽŻôǿ֢ͽ񱣬鷿汻ʰøɸɾһ㲻ȾеƷڷŵǡĵط
ɨܣȫһЩҽѧס
ǣߵ˰칫ǰҲûмֵĶ
գµĳ롣
Ķ࣬һЩСƽֱʡһ˫ƾɵ׵ȣҪһռǱ
ǱռǱ
֪ƽı̬дʲôռǡ
϶ǴģعԼµĴҪģͲƽˡ
ȻԺе֣һǹһ˵ġ
ƽоͲʿڼĵʦ
һŮʦ
ҵǣǸʦѾڼǰȥˡ
ƽģ⣬Ψһһֻ
һֻڹꡣ
ڿһ棬ֻڹꡣ
ЦˣЦⲻ۵ףºÿ͸Ŵ̹ǵĺ⡣
ԭ̬ҲԼںĶɺˡ
һ̵֧ȼһں󣬺ذ̻Ҷ˳Ⱦϡ
ƽһ仰˵ͦԵġ
ͬѪһˡ
½ҡ
½һؼңȥˡ
ʱ½ڿɳϣһͬ
ůͣŰºڿ㣬׳쵽⣬¶׳Сۣ˵ķΡ
ֱ
½سȥżɽ磬ѾˣҪҳᣬǵðʱճŶ
½һƹһ̫ѨҿԲȥ𣿡
½ЦȻԣǶѾ˵ˣ˵ˣҿúܲҲֻСʱѣ
Ԫ½Ķֻһô˵ֻģ
½Ц찡
½ؿ㲻Լ˵Ƿϻ𣿡
½ô᣿ҵĻֵǮˣÿ³仰ѶҪüʮأ
ʱĴӱ߽
½һ裡
һ躰úæ¥
½һ½
½裺
½
ô


18 
װvʼ
¥°һˡ
һһСϵǸưүүСǸ׶԰СŮ
˵үүǹ¹ˣСŮʱ񵽵ģôΪһˡ
ûʲôǮ֮סһ¥һ
ӳûסֳʪ
Ҳ֪Ҫô졣
졣
֮һԾȻ¥ȥУһƷסš
ŵǸСŮſվһĴ磬ŵò˵ſţֻú͵۾
еĴǰһݣ͸ǵġ
ܱͬıѩء
СŮ⣬Цһ£¶һſɰСȻͷںүүиͶ
ܿŲſڳһԼʮˡ
һӶֻһذ֣ʾЩ̫ˣǲҪ
ֵ˹ȥŰɡ
ƴǲջǽ˹ȥȻͿʼڶǮ
ΡΡһǮ
ȫһ飬ǮĶ٣һƽʱܵǮ
Ǯ׼ݸ
̧ͷȴſڵ˲֪ʲôʱѾ뿪ˡ
߳¥յ̷΢Ϣ
̣ڿڽˣȥȾףһ°ɣ
̣أ
̵ֻϢ￴֡
Ⱦơ
뵽ʲôǵͷ֣ȥ
Ǳ߻׷ԭûת½΢ţһԷ
ܿ죬½Ǳ߾˻ðҡ
ھ¥µţûӾͿԶԶг½
ºܵͣ½һɫĴ£Χһڰ׸ӵΧеͦӢ
Ҳգؿֱ½ﵽ˸ǰ
½˺ͣгҲûؾȡԼΧΧĲϣô䣬ҪעⱣů
Χϻ½£Լľζ
ץһΧ˵УȥԷɣ˳ȵƣ
Ⱦƣ½һ
ô
֪Ӧζʲôֻơƶѡ
˭֪½һԼгȻ˵ݲðɣ

Ӻǰгŵ¥£ȻǰԷĵط
˷λϣбͳһˡ
˵½治òЦʵȴҧгݣ˵𣿡
̧һ̣û˵ֻǲ
̣
ݣ
ҧҧˣ½ķϣԭˡ
˵գԼ޷°ڣ¶˫ÿѥӣ½һߡ
ЦŴк½ͬѧǺԵּˡ
½ɻǲһ𣿡
̣
ڵ֪һˣ
ûһᣬҲʰԭϵĶ˹
ʵϣǺ½һԷҪʵ̫ˣֱŰЩ
ƫƫ˼һû̸˵
ĸ˸Իʲô˼֮һԷˡ
;˲ٵľơ
ʱˣװʤӣ½ķ򿿣Һе㲻
½һӶ㿪ˣվѯʣҪȥҽԺ𣿡
̣
ǳ˳飬ֱ壺ãҸоöˡ
ߣҲ˾ơ
½״һظвˣҪȾŶСһˡ
ƿˣ˵
˽Ѿһˣǰ½ŵԭ򣬲òݸ顣
һ£һ˵ĵ鱩¶½ĸĸ϶һ֧Ʊݸ˵뿪Ҷӣ
ƱԼḻһæ˼ͷ룬һϸĸɷˡ
գˡ
Ҳֻ֣ܰǴӣûʲôؿϡ
½һæǰ˻֣ˣ
ûʲôӦ½뿪һᣬ˷Ȼ˵Ѿˣˣȴȥ
˵꣬Ͱ§뱧ط뿪ˡ
̣
ȷһ£½˫꣡
ؼ˫껹ǹģֻʶؾôԴˡ
ôһ룬˸ˣ
Ʒһؼ㣬ָλϵǸյơƿŵô𣿡
ƽʱû൱ֲ
ƺðŻع񣬹ȻΪţѹ̫ˣ
½͵˼ҡ
УԺ״̬òᡣ
½ãһ·§˻Ҳûһ¡
Һ½Сذ˴Ϸš
Уʱ䲢ûг⣬ݣһֻ־ܻ
ÿҲÿһվֹˡ
û˷ŵϣ½Ķͽסˡ
ȻԺ§סĲӣ
½һҲҶ
̫ˣŵ·ϴҺζԼľζһƺôһ˿
ս˿ƤҲĺãϸСëƵԭ򣬽ë΢زţβǿƽ˼ջ
½סʱﺬ˵ʲô
½սȥôˣ
˵ľ
һ룬§Ĳӣһĺϡ
촽ʪ󣬴ƤϣͬһƬöĵë
ʶýŲһСȡ
½ৡһ¾ͺˡ
ԥһѽŵ˴ϣ͵غ˺ü
ҵţһƬհףʲôҲ벻
ס˼͵سԡҡ
ʱϵ۾
һƬаƵӡ
ԡ
½ˮͷ͵Լˮͼϵ¶Ƚ
Լˡ
ð죬侲
ͼոյ顣
סˣ
½֪ΪԭֻƴԼˣԼҲҪǡ
ڴţֱ½ԡ߳±ۡ
˼š
½ԡҵһ̣ɫƽʲô
ʲôأ
½Լûôų⣿ԼǸ
ٴһ㣿
½ɫͨ죬ȥϵ
û뿪ܣҪչˡ
ûһᣬתѡ
״½ڡһԼΧվ˵еͣ㡭ûﲻûеĻҾȻء
Сؿ˿ڣĿһҲû뿪½
½Щǣȥݱˮ
ôԶʲô
½ЩֺˣǡǸ
Ҫƽʱ⻰ߵˣڣûС
бڴϣؿôˣѵҸոշƷ裬ʲô
һᵽ£½֣ûûУ
˵ţΪ֤һ㣬Ĵǰ
ǣҲֻôˡ
֮仹Ǹźܳһξ롣
½ķӦ
Ȼã²õʱ
Ĭһ˵ҸоöˣȻؼҰɡ
ҪȻȥѾƵĶ½ǲġ
ҡͷá
û
½ȥһˮݸȻ뿪ˡ
һʱڿԳɼͳƳˡ
߽ҵʱ򣬱ֵĽ˲䰲
һѧĲ˵۲׵ı黹ͦġ
ƫݣȧЩͻƽʱһģǽǻȸֱˣһ̶ȵı֡
ҶʶȤر졣
Ͻú󣬰еһֽŵ˽ϣɨһȫѧô֪Լ̫˼˵ˣ
˵
ƽʱƤЦǿ˵ôͷ
׼ѧУѧôҲһ࣬û뵽ƽŵ꼶ǲƽʱ̫ˣҪȻβˣĳĻΣ
ʱһ
ɫһ䣬еڶ˯ţҲ֪ҵǲ׼ȥ
˵꣬һط۱ͷȥ
ıſڿ˯㣬û뵽ʧ׼ͷӵ½ͷϡ
氲˼롣
½ƽֵľ棬һԼͷ׽㣬۱ʿҲţҪƻУ
۹
ȫһЦ
ױͦ࣬ʱҲ˹ŬסԼǣˣԾڴˣԼȥú룬Ҫĩɼ룬ɱҲ档Уһ˵εԾѣ˼ôܿ߰ٶʮأңͬѧ״Ԫ
ȫٴκ䶯
ѧѧζε
ѧӵĹ϶Щ˲һ
ҲǰɣָߣƽʱҲرŬֵʱѧϰ
ţ½˫ؿ
УˣιȻҲôõĳɼ
Եеˡ
˵֮ͱۣûһֱ
ԴƺڿܻʱһЩ
ûע⵽½ķӦ
˳ɼҲûʲô̫Ĳ֮͹˷֣֪Լķʲôλá
ȻҲʵʵ޼
ֻû뵽Լĵһ
ϾȫзΧ˵ѧȱȽǣһֻ˵Ҳеĳɷ֣ҪŬ
Ҫ˵ڵ֪ɼ˭ˣҪһ
һ¿Σͺ
ȥ칫¼һƵһõر
Ȼ˽ľƵȥѧУĽ̵ҫúõüһ
æһ󣬻ص˽ҡ
ʱҺĺڰųɼΧ˼ˡ
߻Լλϣ½㿴Լû
½˵ͷͦģαϴν˰
һϲ˶٣
½ٺЦ֡

½ϴο566Ҳ˵568
½ԼѾˡ
ԶԶ֮ķ󣬲ȥͬһѧ
½ڼֿ֮ףпĶʫʣҲпѧд⣬ܡ
Щͷ۵ط˵ˣ
½ϣ˵Ͳ˵ˡ
ùֻʼϷ
ʱϷһŮעС磬ϲϲ
½֣ϲ
ǱҲûлظ


19 

ҳھС
ͷһϣ͸˵¡
ȻѧУȴƽ
ƽֵһ̣ɫ˲
½ҲͦȣѾĿе֪Ǻʵȴһ
߿һ̬
ƽŹİֱ
ĮؿΪʲô
ƽһɫĴ£൱ģЦҲȻǿҳᣬһаɡ
൱º͵˵仰֪ˣ󲻵˺ı̬

ƽ˵ԻȻҽҲֻҳģһҪҪ졣
˵꣬һʤߵ̬뿪ˡ
µƽʲôƽ͸˺塣
ѹԲͨ˵绰
˺ܾãǱ߲ŽͨˣιСôˣ
Ϊʲôˣ
һֶС
Բ֪Ƿ˼ֻü̫ƽʱӵѵ֪ͨҪһڿΣûѧУִһ¡
˵⻰ĺԣʱڿĵذϣʹذŶӣ亹һƬ
ǴμӼҳģȻʰóʱƽȴͻȻˣҪԼȥμӡ
Կ϶ǲͬ⣬ƽѧУ鷳ֻ¶ģϸذ
ƽͻȻһ
ûз;˻ƿƿӦ飬⧲صһƬУ˲Ѫ졣
ƽҲգֲ˺üţЦſͬħһȥˣֻȥˡ
£۵վվذİɣû¡ҪϿˣ͹˰
˵绰ؿڵıš
֪ʲô϶ڵ绰˵ɡ
˱ۣǶԼ˵ҲǶԺ˵
ˣܿĸܰƽˡ
̾ͺá
ҳʮ㿪ʼ
Ȼһֱŵʮ½趼ûг֡
½ſϣһֱУſڵķ
ʱֹ˼ӣ½ɥ˵Ҹ粻᲻˰ɣ
ҲſУſڣӦûġ
½˿϶ǿ½ôţҲе㲻ȷ
½ѹԭҸͲ̫һֱŴӦģڿ϶ڲˡ
һ½ڵʹͷû۰Ĵ󹷹
üͷҪ绰ʣ
½ҡͷ˵Ҹȥ˾ǩһͬȻʮ֮ǰҴ绰ȥ¡
Ҳֻ½һȡ
ʮӵˣ½Ҳû֡
½״ͷɥˣִܿ˾Ұοû£ҳСʱҸöǮ֮󣬻Ҫָáôһ룬һ׬ˣٺ٣
Цòõ½Ҳů
½һħвﶼΧ˶Ⱦ
ˣܷ
ҳ̷Ϊ֣ȫ꼶ļҳͳһٳᣬУ쵼Ȼٷֱ𵽸Ľңɰֽ
ȫ꼶Ứ˰Сʱɢ֮󣬸ҳڰεĴ³ߡ
½һ
߽ѧ¥ʱһԵ½
½һͷ
ȻͿվڲԶ΢΢½衣
½۾˲ˣ磬һΪ㲻ˣ
½һģΪֻǲޡ
ô˵Ȼһ·ģͷһ㱡Ҳֱϣֻװ
½ôޣ
½ֹ̧ˣĻ˵
Լòװˣֱ½ҭס
˵֮½迴һվ½Աߵ
ӡ
½һüͷû˵ʲô
Щ±˴ղѰˡ
мӲſʼᡣ
½һң˲Ϊ˴ҳעĶ
½ʵʵĺţǴһӶɼĴڡ
½ڼﵣҪְ֮ܶͣҲһЩ켣̳ҪͽĶ
ƽʱȫŵˣΪҳ˽
½һ½λϣ˶ݹƬ
ûա
ʵʵ˵ڳûһܹı׼ƬҲǶһԣûá
Ȼ½ע⵽Եƽ
˾ȻҲݹһƬ
½¶һԴĦЦͻȻͿʼƬˡ
һŵģ߲ܡ
˵ݹƬ
ƽ
ֱǳ//ͳ
ڳ˶ƽɫ죬С
ƽǽסˣðջƬǿЦ½ܣʲô˼
½ζЦЦ½ƵĿϴżģ˱Ƚϻ̡
ƽһ㶡
̣
ʲô˼
ֱϽ̨ʼƽûԼ½衣
￪ҳᣬѧǶµĴš
½˱ܣ̨ϳԡ
оá
½һ߳Աܣһ߹УԱ̼
𣿡
½Ĭ룺ҺˡʱܵһʮǰԼ嶯ħ
ĵʱͻȻɷ߽У԰ֱ˲ٳϵ㡣
Ǽҳᣬ̫ˣûעôһȺˡ
½վ׷Ⱥɣ
ٳϣûзȵŰΧʱŷӦ˹
ȻѾܲˡ
Ϊ׵ǸϴǸϹһֵܴĽӣߵǰһˮõ㲻ͦܵôˣ
Ķûûأһûעϻһӡ
Ѫ˲ð˳
Ӵһɭǲ˼۲ۣ
˵Ų˼ûÿ
ϵѪѾʼµΣһ㶼ûоµ˼°ͣһڣҪɱҪ㣬ϻˣ
ЦһͦйӾ㣬սҵģϽǷĶծңȻĵû۾
˵ţͰѵ鵽Ĳϡ
ѧУǲҪ
ͻȻһ峺͸
ȥ
һ۾Ϳ˵½
ŤŤӣ˭
ԱһССӾˡ
˲ŭ⣺ԭ㣬˸պãϸҴǿɲ
˵žָӼСܹˡ
ʱѾ֪ͨˡ
һ仰ɹֹȺĶ
ȻԶ˹
״ݺݵ֣Ҽסˣ
˵꣬ͶżСߺһñϵ֮ǰǽ뿪ˡ
գҲû˵ʲôֻ˵һȺʶ¡
Ͼҵ˵Ҳãƽ鷳
뿪һ̨ϡ
½㣺ҪҪȥҽҴһ£
ǺһĨһֵѪֽһ£ûˡ
½ҲǼֲˣתʵȺ˺񳹵ײ˰ɣһֱôܣ
ԳЦһ԰£ôɣ
û꣬Ѿ뵽
½üͷøˣûнİ취𣿡
ٴĨһϵѪûУСҶѾϰˡ
ʲôϰ߸µأ
Сİͺöģĵҵ˵ȥ/
׷ծ׷öء
ʵûˣһ񹲷ߵ⣬˻Ǯ
Ǿ켣ЩӵĳҲ˽⵽˲ٵСϢ
˵һͷǷȺãһרкӣǹϰ˹ȥ
Сݣ˳Ȼ
Žţˮһۿˣӵʱųһǿݵģ
һȰ
һֱû˵˵ĸĸ㣬Ϊʲôǿ
ԱûǸ¡˵ˣû
˭˵û


20 
תѧ
˵仰ͺ½һ뿪ˡ
һԭ
˵仰ͺ½һ뿪ˡ
һԭسĬţԴҲ֪Щʲô
һξ½ոǾ仰ʲô˼ѵľ
ʻʱġ
һתͷȥۿġ
½ĺںйһܿ顣
ҲƽЩ˵½ԭ֮һ½Ҳ뵽
£ֻñؾֻ˵һѣûôš
𣿡½ĿǱˣĹֵֹģǲʲôҰ
ᶨûУֻһЩС¶ѡ
½ʼղԸԼЩʧ䣬ǲǲԼ
˲䣬׿뷨Լôôأ
пܵ˺һԼӦ취ǡ
뵽½˼֣İɣ۷ʲôԶվߡ
ĳŵһ΢΢𣻡𣿡
Ȼİ
½˵֮Щסˡ
Ц˰
Цɺÿ΢䣬ǵ㣬ûܲס
ʱԱһ𣬴һʵķΧ
һ£п𣿡
һѧϰίԱͣ
ͣһϰ⣬΢ͷǸոһʻѾĹе
ǵĻʧָһ䣺пգôˣ
ͣһԼеϰ⣬̽ʵǿ鷳ҽ𣿡
ͣĳɼҲ
ͨ˵꼶һ꼶ڶֻܷҪʮ֡
֮ǰһ̽ѧϰԥԥģûǰ쿴£ڹ
һеϰ⣺ԡ
˵꣬Ŀת½
½״ˣæȥһ򡣡
˵꣬ͳȥǱмһͶ
½뿪ٶȺܿ죬ѧϰǺȤ
ıӰһջĿ⡣
תͷʱȴͣԼרע
һüͷ
ͣæĿ⣬ʼ˵½Ĺϵĺð
½֪ģ˵Χһ磬˸벻ȥ
ˣͲǰ˽ӡ
ؼ½˵Ҳ٣ʱֻһˡ
Ƴͣһۣÿɷ
ͣһתɼôãƽʱ½ദٻЩҵİɣǺϲѧϰӡ
Իл
ɫͣ͸ź⣺˵ʲô
ͣһ
û뵽Լ˸ͷķӦô
żҲҾûǵ˼
شҲ½ദѵദ
˻һͣȻһ˲Щŵһ¿ˮ

еĪҲ⣬ֱ뿪ˡ
ͣһվԭأ뿪ӰûԼոյıʵ̫
ûƻ½飬ֻΪԼҲıһλá
ⱾץֱΡ
֪ԼǺָ顣
Դ˸֮һֱ꼶һһֱǰ档
ÿοԣʱǰȻȻذĿꡣ
ʱˣʡ
뿪֮󣬾ֱߵ򳡱ϣ½
һ꣬½ߵˮ
һߣһֽǰ鷢ץץ¶ÿĶͷ
ܾһŮݹȥˮԼšͷ£ȫߵĺɶɡ
ϵļŮˣߴߴСš
½ˮŷæ¶õЦǽ⽲
һͷš
û˵ʲô
ͣǲϲ⣬Ҳû׼Ӧ
˵ˣôһйѵˡ
ǵΪУһԵظǰˣҲûжˡ
Ȼˣ½ҲͲ׼ˣ´ס
һżҳ
ӽʮʱһļҳͽˣҳ½½߳ѧ¥
½½˳֡
½辶ֱ߽󣬶½˵òûûǫ鰡һֻʮˣʮ´οҳᣬҾԲ
½Ц磬Ҫ㻻һַʽȫ꼶һһǧˣİٶࡣûиеοһ㣿
½裺
˵ˣһϵĴ£ϴ
ԶһСشţȷ֮󣬲ǰ½ܣԭ㰡
½һ´£бһۣܣ£
½ǵҵ֣˵Ҳ̫׼ȷϾƾʲ˵Էһء
ЦŴһ½Ŀⶨ½ϣܵܰɣֵû񣡡
˵⻰ʱЦøƵġ
Ȼ˭֪ǻǸ꣬ûġ
½豾ҲʲôƢˣһֱߴٵܣûʲôµĻҾˡ
˰죬˵ϣ˵ܵοİٰʮɣҶҲǸ߶պñܸܵôʮ˵ּͥɼҲôҪܹ黹ǿһ㣬Ųڵä
˵꣬Ц˼ȻǳԺ
ҵϣȲ½ңںò˹Էĵ㣬ȻҪ
½͵Īܾ꼶İʮҲֵý
°ͣǵȻ
½裺ǰҵܵɼǲôãԺֻܻؼҼ̳ҲܵĶӻؼҼ̳ɶ̳ǼƲĹ˾
ܵһӽסˣ㡭
߳ŭƫƫ޿κΡ
Է˵ʵֱѵһϴ
½һ˵ˣҲҵܵܣ֪꼶ڼ𣿡
˵ţָ
һ¡
ʶֻǰкģʲô
½ĸɣոտҳӦҲ˵ε꼶һɣһε״Ԫ
ԭ
ܵȷӵİǿ˺֣ܶȥʶһѧԼӲϰû뵽Ȼĳˡ
ڨЦ뵽ʲô½ܣû˵ĵܵܰ
ץס˶Էİѱһ㣬סˡ
˭֪һԵʱ˵ǲܵܣҪ𣿡
һҭ
˶ô˵ˣҲ˵ʲôĻЦ뿪ˡ
뿪½迴һ½ûҪɼõĻ£
ʵҲ˵˵ѡ
½һû½ĳɼʲôҪֻҪýľͺá
½ЦոҲ˵ˣɼðþ൱Һˣ
½裺治Ҳ˼ԸԸ⡭
˵ţ½ʶȥ
Ȼֺߵһֱͣ½ϣû뿪
½裺
аɡ
ˡ
ͬһʱ̣ʦ칫ҡ
ҳһЩݣſͻȻһˡ
̧ͷȥƽ
߿¶һЦݣ൱׺
ײѧϰ£οúܺá
ƽ߽˰칫ңǣʦתѧ¡
תѧһʱӦΪʲô


21 
ڿ
½軹Ҫȥæ˾£ҳ뿪ˡ
Ѿ˳緹ʱ䡣
ƽʱ˻ǳʳãǽ⣬ʱԣ˲٣ԻԷĵط
һʱҲûȥģ½ɴҼҳ԰ɣҼҴպ˶ĴբзСϺ
Ҳʱ䣬һԵģڸպʱʡ
½ϰΪ£ÿʲôöһ
ڳԷ²ûʲôƫãǵͷӦˡ
½ͷ󣬹ϴһ绰ؼңԸ緹׼ãǽҪؼҳԡ
˵绰˳Уȥ
ʱУһҴſڣְߵһȺֵŶúšôԶľԷǳ̬ҲϿΡ
ߵһţƤתͷѧУſڳӰסߡ
൱۵Ⱥ˲Ϊ˽㣬Ů͵͵Χۡ
ߵǸ΢һ㣬˫ִУڴΧһڰ׸ӵΧϱЩ䵭
ұгǸߴӢЦ⣬ﲻͣ˵ʲô
˿úܽһ£൱޼䡣
߽ˣƶһ
üһֲþϤⲻ½
æߵѴһкȻ˹ȥ
ôɣҲȥ緹
׼гĺͣ˶ţȥ½ҳԡô⣿
Աߵ½ҲЦŸƴһк
Ȼǰһ䣬סˣ˻ء
ԺֲܿƵؿʼԲŹѪ顣
һ£½ص϶йܼӭǣȻܼҾͻп⻹үһδ˻þûԼүЦôˡ
Ƶֵֹģһüͷôˣ
͵ػ߳ܵøϽҡͷûʲôûʲôǿؼҰɣҾͲǵʱˡ
еЩĪҲûгץס½·
½Ⱥ󣬻һ䡸Ŷſʼгǰ
ƿ˽нԶԼԲ֮ǰæܻ˴ꡣ
Ųû̸
ǷΧ
񣡣
ƵԲһ̶ϻͦʵģ½һص½Һ󣬹ܼӭ٣Ѿ׼ˣ㿴ڳԻϢһ᣿
½ȻȻתͷȥѯʲôʱԣ
еůȡΧ½ڵڰɡ
½һ߽ӹΧһ൱ãͰ뷨
һȥϴ֣Ȼȥ˲
½һϵбֶ۾пСһ𳤴ѣϵǲһ㰡
½ȻƽʱҲͦģǾԲֵزƵˡ

½ԼûôԣһذϺ֮ͷ
ȻֵŴբззȫ
״̧˵Լ԰ɡ
½Ц˵ʲԣƵˣҪԵ㲹У
ѧϰô࣬ôܲԵõĲأ
˵ƵĻҲˣÿһﶼǻᲨ
ӣٿ½Լﲻе¶
½ֻܽõķС
ԵһûעԱߵĽƿ·˲˴Ƭա
û°ɣ
½˻Ҫţ˲վƵӹӶ˵ݹֽͿʼ
Ȼ϶ǲɾġ
һüܿ˵ˣȥϴ裬һ·ȥѧУ
¥½ڡ
һԡۣԡңʼϴ衣
½ɳϵ˳ùֻʼϷ
ȵһǹսϷϴˡ
½ʶ̧ͷȥ
ԡ߳ͷûɣǰ鷢µˮëҲʪģβ빴ˣ˸ĺÿ
ע⵽½Լľٶ˼ߵһԵ¹ǰʼԼ½
ŷţ˵һǷˡ
½ûĳлعʶʲô
һ룬ڿ㡣
½΢عһȥ򣿡
˵ţѾվ
˭ֹ֪ˣľС
⻰˵൱⣬˵һ£½ν൱𺳡
½һˡ
Ͱ͵ҵİ
ôˣʰתͷҲգضԣ
½䶼⡭ⲻ̫ðɡûµģȫˡ
¶½˵ȥ롣
һ뵽Լڿ㴩ϡ
²ֻǶˣʼ̡
ʵôڿô󣿡
ǹʵģȻ֪½᲻һڿ㡣
˭֪½˼ά˲תˣôֺ˵ͦġ
ģ١

½ΪţϽѱһڿѵģ
֪Լʲô飬زǺܺÿһһ۵ǿѱ
ʲôֵֹ˵
½ɬ԰ҵ̫ˣÿδڿ㶼ܲҪóһʱǿӦ֪ѱһڿжôס

аɡ
֪ܴˡ
Ĭ˺ü룬һԼѻ죬һַʽҲڿˣôţ
ôУ½һӵɴ۾˵ȥ򣬵ң
˵ţùֻһƵĳš

̾һ
ˣշһʱ
絽ѧУ󣬸һ Σ׾ˣһ¡
ףüͷ΢һ£µ˳Լʲô¡
±ʣ߳ңųһû˵¥
վ󣬳׿ǰһʱЩ֪α
ǳϲѧָߣŬϺһѧûеľͷ
ЦҲ˵էһ൱Ĳദȴûǳʲô
ѧûʦ᲻ϲ
Ҳǽҳ˹δ˵µʲô
ԭָתѧ
꿿ϣ¼ųĬӷ·ͣǰ
ڳײ֪οڵʱ˳Ұ˰ɣ˵תѧ
һ漴ͷ϶Ļظԣ˵Ҫȥع
Ҳתġ
ͻȻĻᶨһܺľǿ
׿Ķһ˲ɫӣֻܸ֪ʵ飺ʦ߿϶Ǿе⣬ְָּѧУݽĻҲֻܰ˼
ֻظһ仰Ҳת
ͻȻ˵ˡ
֪ѧУ༶˵ζʲô
᲻õˣ᲻õĻ䣿
֪ҪתѧĻ϶Ǳ˽ǻҪԳܵ¡
ؽҵ·;Уɫƽʱࡣ
һЩ׼к˼״׷ױܿˡ
ߵſںһƽ߽ȥ
λϣ½ʵ׽ʲô£
ûʲôѧϰ顣ֻתƻ⣬ʲôϷ
½˵Ϸ֡
Ϸⷽ棬ͦ㣬ǼҵǹսСϷ߲ܡ
˵֮̾һ䣺Ϸ˺ŶѾټˣһ·иҵ
˵꣬˺ü롣
½գգۣһ޹ô
ӣҪӣ
½һ㶣֣ûûУҾôһ˵ѡ
˵ˣҪӣҲǶˣڸûһ㡣
û̸£ĺӣ
û˵
Ͳߣڸǲ˵װˣſڿϡ
˼ͣոճ˵һֱͣԺһһ
Ҫôܳװƽ
ϻصҺɳϵĺԡ
Խ쿴ɫܰףûѪɫڣҲعһ޷ǵס䡣
һġĻ
˲侾߽ȥù˲輸ϵң˿յȻ˵´Ļǵðѿյ򿪡
Ը˿ڼˣǴһʹǿЦá
ĸ൱Ĭؽҹ˼ҳ£û
ֵƽҽԺֵҹ࣬ǿһҹ
ȥʼţ̡
֪Ե˯Ҳãƽ񾭲һңǸ˶˥
۵³ŻɫĺȦֻữױڸס
Ⱥţ̺˻𣬶ű߳ݸԣ裬⹫סһʱɣѵż١
ͻȻ£סˣһʱӦ
ţǰ˵ݣȰţ̺ˡ
£Ĳɵؽӹţ̺һڣһʵΪʲôͻȻ⹫ҵ£
ǵǡ
ֱӡ
һĸͨ
һӾ׹
ԭʲô֪ˡ
ӪһҸͥļ󣬵ջû
Զűӵֿʼ
ʲôʱ֪ģ־ʲô£ĸж尾
ĸ׵ģʲôˡ
ʧصĺԣսˣӵҪⲻĴ
ԣƺӪļάΪһĸҪӵġ
¿Ȼܼˡ
ƽΪѾ˷ָĳ̶ȣΪΪȥ
뵽ĵһú뿪һȫĵطȥ
ֻҪڼƽᷢ׷ȥġ
˵ɵѾԱˡ
Եһ
ںޣָۡӵͨͨӿ
Ҫ޷ˣһжᷢ
ʱЩıҪңһжġ


22 
ʮ
ڶ˺ԡ
ؼҵ·ϣȥһ˳У˼ֲͬˮ
ڶ˺ԡ
ؼҵ·ϣȥһ˳У˼ֲͬˮŻ˾¥СŮǼҵš
СŮźһ˫ִֺ۾գգǳ鶯ɰ磬
šһ￴һۣһڼңүүأ
үүȥƷˡ
ļˮݸСŮö𣿡
СŮܶ£̰֣磬ٸˣѾüˡ
ƫƫÿүүǮһ뿪
ģԲĻֻӽͰʦûн̹㲻Ҫ˷ѣ
̹ġһСŮһһ㶵ģӦ
ǰһˮſڵһϣǾͶˣʦҲ̹Ҫ˷ѡ
СŮƶǶص˵ͷ
źö󣬾¥ѧϰһ磬ѧУϰ
ϰһ ¿κͣԥãϰߵλϣ鷳㽲𣿡
˵꣬۰Ͱ͵վеš
ֻǽ⣬ûʲôɾܾģһͷùɡ
ͣһϲæϰǰָм
һۣùݸֽʼ
½ںСһϷһʼûעߵ
ƽʱҲв⣬Ѿ׼ѧӣˣʵͦ˵ģȻĹȫ̶ˡ
½ע⵽ͣ
ɺܼ򵥡
ͣĹУʱʱͻϿһǺü룬Ҳֵֹģȵ̧ͷʱŻἱƿߡ
½
еЩԻüͷ
ʱСַ½þûв/Ϸˣֵѵ½磬ôҪˣң
½ֻ°߼еֻĻϣǰƶȥС֡
ǹУһֱעͣ
Ҫ˵ɣͣľٶҲ޿ָժûʲôֵĶҲû˵
½Ǹеһ˿
ͣһ뿪½̲ϷˣԼ˫š
½ֻºϾؿ
һôˣ
½ŵֻ˵ûֵֹͣ𣿡
סˡ
ѵã½һǴ֡񾭴ģʱȴе
һ£ʵ֣
½ôġ
½ոտĳǺܸ˵ôǶ㿴
˵Լĵĸܣе㸴ӣϲþӶ࣬ûʲôֵģƽʱҲ𣿡
½һӾ͵ɴ۾ȻҸ˱ȣ
ίˡ
ȻǶһ޶𣿾ȻȲͣ
״Ҳ᲻ð˱ƺˣҪȷԸ⽫½ᲢۣǸĿڵ˵˵ѣ㵱Ȼһ
ߣ⻰½΢ƽһЩֻЩģһĪΣͷ
ϰ֮˻ؼҡ
½ǰ棬һ߲гһ˵հ㵽Ҽ˯ɣҪʮʱ򣬵һףտ֣
⻰һ㶡
Ҫ½ѾԼա
ʱ䷳ĵ̫࣬ͬʱҪѧϰûǸеʱȥյ¡
½˸߲ҵȻԼһˣ׼ˣٹ𣿡
Ҫһϲ
ʮգһգһڲͬС
̵ȾҲǣЦð
½һصңͼذɳϣ׼Ĳ϶׼˰ɣ
ԱһӶ˻ش׼ˡ
ʱ䣬½æòɿ
ǳ˳ӱ˳һΣѾ׼˵ģֻҪˮ͵һЩϲþС
ʵ򵰸ҲУǰ궼ġ
ʮգش½
ò˵ѧϰɼǲ˵㣬Ƕһ
һԴָ£ûöþͲú˵⡣
⿴ʮ־£ġȫǰϲģɫͣǵ׺һֻɰӣ滹дף
Ūõ½ͣܵ˺԰
԰һֻѩӡ
֮ԵӣΪá
Ѿˣ½ֻҪ΢һ£Ѻµѩȥ¶ӱò
ĵԱ߷һһ۵ĺܲÿһǾϸѡġ
ҲõĺܲУ
½ؼ֮󣬿ľ½ææµӡ
һʼûܣһװ̬ŵɳϣùһԵҵ־
ֱ½Ūѩӣֱһ¥ߵʱ½ЩסˣЩȫ׼ģ
½æ͵еػһ䣺ǵȻ
½̣ûסá
ôôġ
½عζˣһ½裬Ц磬Ҳ˰װϵ۲𣿡
֮ǰ½յʱ½һԺʯڣ͵ݻǳſݡ
½迴һۣЩȻҪΪǷ̫ռطˡ
һֵ˶ԻĹܼҼЦ
Ҵү̫ˡ
ؿ½Դӵõ֮󣬻ûڶҪ·ҲӶ˰ۻȥ
ߣ½磬ˣһˡ
½裺
֪ˣܾܵóȥˮվס
һϵۡ
ֵͦǮġ
ǿҲһְο
ͬʱҡ
½ϵԼ
֮ǰóһӢϰ⿪ʼ
һҳ׼ڶҳʱžͱˡ
һʼû漴űţƽҲ֪棬Ͻţ
Ҳѧȥɴ߹ȥš
֮ؿƽʲô
ƽЦЦأ
ֱ֪
ô᲻֪ĸһġƽս˼֣ϵıӿֲ˰ɣ
治ɫ˵Ҳ֪
ƽվֱ壬ϵıƽҲӲȥ㶼ء
ԭ˼ʲô
Ȼϲһ˵ˣǰѾ˵˰ɣתѧ¡ϾҪ½СӷֿˣоΣ
˵ֱֱ꣬ضͼϹ۲쵽־ͷŭ
ϾСʱġ
Сʱ氡ڹֱӾͰſˡ
ѧԣȱһţڳɼҲˣ˼
Ȼ£ƽʧˡ
ôؿſϣһ㲨ûС
ƽ۲˰죬վǷˡ
ˣеǿϷʱ򣬾Ĺһΰɡ
ƽתȥ鷿
ûã鷿һŭ
һ룬ƽɫֲ˳ҧгݵֻڹأ
˫ֻأؿƽģЦһɱˣȻˡ
˵ʲôƽ˲
½ҡ
½ٶȲúһУȷܸһԶĳ
ؿԼĽȻͨ˵绰ھ͹Լȥſڽ
Ȼ绰ȥ˽
½Щɻطֻѵæ
ŵһٲ
ôʮӡ
½ٴδ˵绰ȥ˽
һüͷӦð
سŵģӦˣֻҪӦ£϶
ӦԼ϶ȥ¡
½ɻ󣬳Ÿ˼Ϣͬʯ󺣡
һʱ䣬ѾʮһʮˣжʮӾ͵ʮ㣬ٲˡ
һߣ½żļ׼¥ͻȻ½͵ȥһȥģ
ȥ
Ż£½ѾûӰˡ
½ҡҡͷ¥
½һܵſڣһֻ߷ӡ
Ϳʼš
˺ü£ûš
½׼һʱͻȻ洫ĶصڽмҵĴ򶷡
½ͣһģ͵ؿʼţ𣿡
л˵
ףһѽ


23 
̸
½˺þõţ涼ûӦ
һ£
½˺þõţ涼ûӦ
һ£ֱӿʼýš
Сһͷˣ֮£һɶ
½ٽȥӲ߿š
ءһҵǽϣһ졣
Ҳʱ½ڿڵΡ
һֹͣˡ
ֻһƬ߰㣬Ǵ򶷺ۼ
һƬ֮䣬΢΢ӿǽϣƽźƽһҪȥ
ΪſڴĶ˽һ˹
һתͷ½ڵ
Ͱףƽʱ΢еۼԣ¸ǴĿģһ飬Ѫ˿ҲմŲ֪ԼƽѪ
½һۿúͣ
Ȼͳȥһ߿ƽ
ƽûзУˡһ˵ϡ
½һ粽ǰ˵ʵʵ
ŭصŵϵƽۿһƬһͷȻ϶޳
ǰıӰ˲
ʱƽʹҧվҲ˲ʣʣ½ʲô
½սȭͷʮ㣺Ȼô
ƽݺݵҽѵԼĶӣһʲô£Ͻÿ
½ȻòҲ˭ǲ׼˺
ûƤӵ˺ļҲԣ
ƽŵվϵıëȻȻľôŹ
תúܿ죬ʶˣ϶ûʤ㣬ûóȻǰ
Ц˼½ôά֪㻳ʲôɸ˵˼
½͵شƨ£˵ˣɵѵҲ㣿
㡭ƽҭòᡣ
˻㲻֪ʲôѣ֪ˣȻкϷҵǾѵ죡
⻰ɫЩӡ
½Ǻǵ
£ƽǳױסˣһǱģһ˽
ʦֻڹ겻ˡ
ʦⱲΨһصˣǰȥˣΨһֻڹ꣬ļС
νǴߴߴ磬ץסߡ
ƽαװôº͵ߣڽϱݺݵ˺ѿˣ¶бԡ
£ƽٹ½һ˫ضһ飬ҵֻڹأ
ǿ
ܶʧĶ
زһǵѪЦţҲ˵ɱˡ

ƽٴαŭһŵ
Ȼûܿͱ½һ˳ȥ
½ĸߴ󣬼ϳ꽡Ըһƽڻ¡
սȭͷŭƽԣ
ƽǽվûóȻسǰÿŵĿⶢ½аǴҪǰɣҿɾͲˡ
仰ǳˣζӽܿҲҪһЩֶ̬õ½ϡ
ʱûʲô˲ǰһɫȻƽң
ƽݵЦʲôҵģ
͵ץԱߵһ̻Ҹףʱ½˵ˣһⶼûУðϣ˵ҪĻӣ
˵֮ʶ仰ҲǣȥˣæĿڣҪĻȫûõˣ
ƽıʾǱ̬Դ±ƣû˵ֻǵһ˫۾վ򶼷·Ҫ͹һ㡣
½ûͷѯȥҼң
϶ǲȥˡ
һͷá
֮ǰԼ
˵½Һ󣬺ô鷿߳
˴档
۾һۿϵˣһ˲ʵô£
ûü˵½һӵǰûʲô
½ôԭģԸԸԼҵ±¶ҲǲԸģһֱô
ȻԸ⣬Ͱš
ģ
ûʲô
㵱Ϲأ
ֻ׷ʵ׵ĳȻС˵Ҳǿת˵ˣ¥ɡ
½ĬĬظлõģǾͲˣ
˵ţһҡ
һ飬¥ٻܼҡ
ܼҹʲôԸ
˵ҽҩ׼ãһ½Ҫá
Ȼûһᣬ½ͼҽҩ䡣
ڡ
ɳϡ
½ǰСǩպȡƾ˿Ȼҩࡣ
ûô
½ҩĹУۿغ϶۰ɣԲ𰡣ҵڲְ֪־Ȼ
˵ڶ
˶ŨŨεС
ҪԵжðһֱý·ˡ
кܶʱ򶼾񲻺ãأһûϢõģȻûϸ׷ʹ
½ԽԽԼԲ
һжûϵ㲻õǸ
½ŵЩ飬Բһ̸ֱܶ½ʹüΣˣ½Ĵ
½Ǿɥģ֪ˣҲˡңǲһ𳤵ô⣿ʲô֪ʲôҲˡ
֪ıǲһţ䱻ڹٵͷȻ֪һʼ֪飬Ȼһ
½˵ı飬ʡһԼΪ
֪Լһʼѡȷ񣬱ϾҲûжһȷĴ𰸡
ѡ½ͷβ£ѡٵͷͬѵĳ
Ѿ޽⡣
׼е½
ϾԴӽ½߿ŵһѾˣһ֪⣬֪֪ˡ
ƽ˵ҪԸ½Ļֱڶصߡ
ͷβû¹Ȼһˡ
ʼ½ƽе¡
ƽŰСʱԼѧȱмұ٣װͷȵȣȫ˳
ʱȥܾá
һº½͵رͷǰһƬģŬգ˺ü۾ˮ
ôؿЩ¡
˺һᣬżڵˣܣڲǺúõ𣿡
½վǵһĨᶨؿӴұ㣬Ҳ۸㣡
ô˵Ҳһô
һůһͷͬʱҲ˵ԺҲҪעƽǸͷβ񾭲ҵ鷳
½µģûǸӣ
ϸһ룬ҲǣƽֻǷ裬
ǻʱƣȻҲֻԼļ˺ֵµʵϰ
ֻܹƿصЩˣԼŤ̬ˣһǾԶ̬֮ȣȻҲһº͵ߡ
½ģ½ҳˣǲǡ
ʱ½ͻȻ뵽һ£ǵƽ˵Ҫתѧȥύˣ
һüͷԸġ
˵ţ뵽ʲôԼץһֻڹˣֻڹǼҰɡ
½΢΢ɴ۾ƽеֻڹꣿ
һͷ
Ȼɱڹ꣬Щǹ˵ƽġ
ƽôںֻڹ꣬һ飬š
ҪЧ
½һʱ䣬ѾҪ賿һˡ
ʮհ
׼һУҪһĳ
ͷȴĽ
ûкúõضȹգƽǸˡ
½ЩܲˣʹͷΪеѹ
ʱʶץһ֣Уûץ̫ãɿ֮˵Ǿڣֻˣףһ¡
Ѿҹ˾ˣûȥ¥¿½׼Щֻҡ
½һԵĹóһУǰ˫򿪿
һУЩԥаװһͲһ㣬Ķ϶رأ̧½˵ҪԼã
ôУ½ߴٵרİ򿪿
ִֻ˺ӡ
ȻϣһƵֱ
ƽʱûоֱһֵ֪ƣֻ߶ݻΧһȦꡣ
ֵ
Ҫ˵½æֹ㲻Ҫҿʮգͺ⡣˵ˣֵõģ
ϸѡģĳݳֱһ
ֻΪҪõġ
գˣŸλر
ʱ½ѾȥƷˡ
Ϊ׼رࡣ
һǰ˼θʱѾֽо˲ʮˡ
ддģ᲻ɾֻҪǺö͸
ܿ죬óһӣݸٿ
ӹȥˡ
һй˵Ĺ£Сʱһ𣬵ڷȤ¡
֣Ҳͼ
ּ¼ǵʱ£ͼɰQֱˡ
һҳǵĳ½ֻڹͼУηľһСӢۣ½һᡣ
Ȼǵڶҳ½ѡͬһ׶԰죬ǣѧУȥ

һҳҳ󷭣ʮеĵεΡ
ָ΢΢һ£ֹסӿ졣
һֱΪ֮䣬ֻԼסе£ʱʱؾԺζ
ԭһͬˡ
˵Īڴˣ㳯ŶԷʱֶԷҲ
ò׿ס̧½еƣ½̸ˡ


24 
ף
˵⻰ʱ½תһȦĿƣ
˵⻰ʱ½תһȦĿƣִ󵨡
½
⡢ǡ
Ȼܿ죬ߣشӣԷӦġ
дһ˿Եʧ䡣
½ڸոУðһԼ˭Ȼôʶô
ֵӵһҪĶǸ˾Ȼô֣
ԣ
½תʶҪȥǸ˱װɣ
ôԣ
½ίˡ
Ʋ峺ĺ۰ͰͿڵջ⡣
Ȼû˵
½ְֻͬһɣǲԵģҪ˼ѧϰϣ
̧Ҳգʵ㡭
½̱̬Ҳ

Ĭ˼룬΢ɲ̾һվһ¡
½Щ죺ôͻȻҪѽ
˵꣬Щɬվǰ
վţš
ǰ˵㣬֣סͷȥ
½Ϣ˲ں䣬ľζ˳ԡ
һʱ붯
ֱ½𣬴һУٺЦֲҪǲһҵĸ

/컵ķΧ˲ɢ
ֱʵ԰𣿡
ͷůƵĵƹк£Ƭת
½
ȥĶӡ
Ǻ߳ܰ
ԽԽɫ/ɫˡ
ϣ½ѵû˯á
Ȼʧˣ
˵Ǿ޽еˡ
ڶ죬˴
һԵ˯ţǳ˯ܺá
½ͷԵϴ꣬èۣ¥
½ĳɹʿȻҲ磬ʱѾڲ緹ˣûɵ½Ķüôˣ
ȻӦãȷôֿϷ˼
˵ˣѵʲôΪ֪£
½£һӵ磬ܲ㣿
½αϣ̬ôƽʱңҿһغϷˣ
½ߵ֪ǸҸֱʱ̼͵ġ
˺
ֵܾӵġ
½赱סˡ
վǴ˰
֪ܵܲôġ
Ƴ󴦵ۣæַŵ£ɫؽȡŽ˿ڴ
½ͳԵûûζ߳Ա̾
½豻̾÷ˣʲô£Ͻ˵
½һ߳һ߻شȻ˵̸ˣ
˵⻰ʱҪԹжԹ
֪ģΪѣñˡ
ͻȻ˼롣
½̧ͷͿ½һӵɫ
ɻ󣺡ôˣ
ѲҲϣ̸
ûɰ
ð½ʵ׿ڸģ
԰½ٴ̾
ҪǱô˵Ļָš
½ɫӵؿ½һᡣ
½󱳶Щëëģˣ磬ʲô񰡣һҵӣ
½̾Ϣǿɵӵ𣿡
½飺ôɵڿ568֣ÿһֶҵǻ۵ģ
½ҡҡͷù뿪ˡ
½һڲеʮĪ
һȻˣѹ̫ˣΪ˹Ź֣ø㰲Եҩˣ
ʮӺˡ
½Ѿ緹ˣʱڲǰƲֳֵԴҲ֪Щʲô
վſڣؿΣ߹ȥʰˣ߰ɡ
½عɴӣôУ㻹û緹أ
˵ˣ½ɫ󣬻ڲǰ˵㶫
½ҽҩԱߣһǣ˿ڻʹʹ
ҡҡͷʹˡ
ȻǵϻǺԡ
ٲһҩ
˵꣬½ҽҩ䣬ȡҩƿǩ
ҩʱСɫרעһ㡣
½ŲãŷԼٴһݺͬ
Ը˾رſڣȡͬ
˱ʶ￴һۡ
һۣԭء
ֻкӿ÷ǳ
Ǹ䵭ģ
½½裬ֻһס
һ룬½һֻ֣סĺףȻǰա
иɼ飬Ծͷϡϡ
һĻΨˡ
½΢ӣһʱ˶
½ס
Ϊ˵Լ̸Ȼܵڿˣ
ܿ죬½ַԼ
ܣ
ܵҪô쿪ϣĸ
ԣ˵ڸ
½棬ֲ߹ȥԼһͬĳ档
ûã½ֱ壬Զ˵㣬ﻹ˵ˣҩһΣٲһξˡ
½裺
½裺
ڲҩ
ҩҪô
½²ۣת¥
½ҩ󣬷һĨòȣæ˵ȵȣ
ôʡ
˵ʵҩ̣ĸܼΪӣܣּ尾
˵ľôţ΢ǰһȥ
ôȴܡ
սȭ̵úࡣ
½ͻȻһ֮һ¡
½͵һûĨȣŪһ¡
˵ţٴùǩ
һۣ½¸Լҩ
У½ֲС촽
һȴ½Ķ䲻֪ôؾȻˡ

Լ
½Щ˼촽Ŷ

ʶһ죬ɿһ۱ɬ½ڵʵҲͦġ
½
͵סԼ졣
Ϊʲô֪Լ촽
ѵʲô֪£
½˼⣬ѧУ󣬶ĥ¡
ϰʱʵͲס緢һ΢Źȥ磬Ȼ˵ҵ촽Ϊʲô֪
ʱ½ϼš
½һװģװڵöʯԣλϣŵµԱ㱨µҵ
ͻȻϵֻһ¡
ûǣǿע󣬻ֵùֻ΢š
Ϣһ˲䣬½ֱ֪Լʲôı顣
ѩҹϵһĻ·ָǰ
˿һǡ
ۼźü߶͵˹½һ£ȻûֻĻԺ֮䷢¶ҪңҲ
ߣ½½Ļظ󣬸е˼顣
ôӦʲô
ⲻǵһη΢
ȻҪ㰲ҩˡ
ţ½̲סǱ
ʹأ߶촽档
촽ܱһ죬֮ǳÿ
ָʱ򣬺Щ
½ô촽ֱתͷʱ͵ƿߡ
μٵʱ򣬳˽ң֪ͨһ£ѧУһ˶ᡣ
Ϣһ˲
˶ᣬζķʱ䡣
Ľ̨ôʲôֻ棿ԴӸһʼǰ˶϶ûȡùóɼκôҲŬһѣӣ
ʵϣڷȷͦ
Ψһһ˸߶ð༶εİΣȻһ˶ϵıȴ⡣
֮ǰиͳйڵİΣ裺ʦǰôΣǱ˦һأ˶ϳͷҿͱˡ
⻰һ꼶ϴ˺ܾá
£ôһ˵ҲĬ׷Ǽ¡
ֻԼǺ⣬ֻϣ˶ܻμӣαĿȫÿζкüĿûⲻ̬Ȳ֪ÿ춼࣬Ժᣬٻʱ⣬ӡ̵ġ
ĩˣ˵ʦϣضԴԼĸģźֻһ˶ᡣ
ԹίԱǿͿʼͳƲμ˶Աˡ
һֻһԼһǰʱ˽ţο϶ǲܲμˡ
ǿƽʱƤЦģʱץ
һ˳⣬˶ˡ
ǰԼ৵
һ󣬾Ѿ˼ˣȻʱĿʱͻμӲˡ
ѯߵһȦȱȱ
ܵͷá
ǿѲһȦ½ð⣬űֱһŶ
½磬㻹ǧ׺Զ
ǧ׶һ˵һСս
ǰ˶ᶼû˱½ϣȡ˲ĳɼ
½һԥûУ൱ϵصͷϰɡ
֣½Ȼӣ
ǿٶãȻѰһĿ꣬˰Ҳûʵˡ
˭֪ʱڵҲϰɡ
ǿ
Ȼǲʵһ࣬λ¶дˡѧ֣ƽʱҲˣǿû롣
ȴˡ
ʧ
ǿϽԼ˼˶ذѱǰĵѧ㿴ôûأμĸ
ɨһۣӽܺߡ
õģû⣡
ʱ½ǰ㲹˯ӿֱ壬Ȱ㣬Ҳμ£
ǿ⻰ſһ㣬˯죬һǵı飬һͿŸֹȥȺܡ
ĵе
ȻûʲôȤȥ
½Ȱȷȥ¹һϣҪΪս
ڳˣ
Īüϵĵ˲ô£
գǿ˱ϡ
ϳ֡
ͣԥһ£͵͵һֵܿͷС˵μ˽ܺߣͣ
ûʲôءšһ
һԣ½˵ˣе㲻ˡ
ͣҵǺߴӵ˵һЩ
һ;Ĳ


25 
׷
һ½ס˺üϡ
Ҫؼס
½Ȼϣصǰ㲻ܻؼҺƽһס
ԴϼʶƽʵĿѾ¶˾ģӽ󣬶Ҫ
ôȥΣأ
͵Ҳһֱסš
ȷʱܣα겻α
Ҫ볤õİȣ뽫ƽ߳ǵС
½ûٽҪȥҼңһ취
½ֵı飬ûٳǿ
һķȥ
˵ԼĴ㣺Ұ˽ƽǰʱ򣬳һμصҽ¹ʣȫ𡣵Ǻ˽˲˼һǮѹȥˣû鷳룬Ҫ취ǼƽĻƽѲˡ
ƽΪ˴Լıָ̬תѧ£ԼҲѾʼϵصĹˡ
ֻҳһ鷳£ǣŲóѡ
˵֮󣬷Ե˺ܰ
תͷ½һûعģ
һЩԥʵô
ǲǾֶκƫƽӰӡ
һ룬½ȴ̾룬ô
˵⻰ʱģһҲûǿ˼
͵и
˶ԼĿΨ½Ǹ⡣
ٴȷϣ룿
Ȼ½Ըƽ˾͵÷ǳֶβУ
׷ˡ
ʱ½뵽ʲôҸæɣܹģ϶֪ô
Ӧ
ܿ죬ǻص½ҡ
½Ҳڣ˾˰Сʱ
һ˶ʽʼ
Ҫȥٳμʽ
еİ༶߳˽ң¥ΧˮйͨҶվԭá
еЩģֻʼ⡣
½״̳˿סʦߡ
ʱ½һ£˲侯
վǰŵͣʱʱسţɫһϲӳǵķ
½
֪
˹ȻĲ
½еģѾΪĳֻ̬ҪܵķչеȵĲʡ
ǿûһֱضͣ
ͣӴߡ
һӶԭء
ʱ½ףüͷһ˫ӣڱԼصޡ
ͣЩ⡣
ӦԼĴɣ
һ¿ˮǰߡ
ֱߵԱߡ
ұ½˿÷ǳ岻ȥˡһǸʱǽڣ͵͵ֱֻм䵹кܴһ϶
ͣվߡ
˭֪ʱ½Ƶߣ˻ǽš
ͣ
ɺϰɣ½ģ
Ҳע⵽½ľٶ̧ͷһ䣺ôˣ
½ûһ߷羰ã
û⣬ͷûעǰһͣ
ͣ΢΢Щʧ䣬һٴι׼վұߡ
ʱ½ƻ˸ոյλá
վӸµؿͣ
߱ͣ˶ʮףôӵʱ򣬴һɼѹȸС
ֱͣԭء
½⡭ʲô˼
֪½Ĺϵܺã½ǿͬΪʲôôǿĶռ
ʱûҲԾˣ̧ǿǰͣһ㲨ûУܿתĿ⣬½ȥ
½ͣĿʶʲô
ܿ죬ͣԾϹҲסתصԼԭλá
ʱ½ոôˣ
ʻʱָһ£ȴ½Ļش
½ϵıѾָƽʱӣսһڰͣ
˵ʱϢȫĲһǹ˵磬еĸйٶеһ
ĺЩһʵΪʲô
½Ϊ˲Ӱѧϰ

һ£׷ʣûɣ
еżѹ͸ôһ˿
ʲô½ıʮ޹
ʵҲڴġ
᲻£Ī
֮ǰ˵̸»ڶߣӲ
ҲϲͣҪСķȽϺá
½һãȻģҲ׷ˣû£ʶѡ
˶ĵһӽܡ
꼶һжʮ࣬վڱء
һĸˣֱ㡢ǿѾǰİ೤
Ҳϵ£ҵָôվһԵȴűʼ
ʱİ˹ʦǰ˶ǰ඼ǵɣҸǰѧ˵һ£ǵʮܣ
ξǺͳйڵǸʦ
һѡܸ˳ףһֱġ
Ƴһۣá
μʦǲһ㣬̬ãҪҵĻûټμ˶ˡ
ɫ
װģˣҾǿЦѣ㲻ôСɣ
ʱ½վڲԶΧ۱
״²۵
˵꣬͵ʶԱ½αزһ䣺ʵƽʱ˵໰ġ
½˵ʲô
ոյעһֱϣû˵ʲô
̣
ڳڳף
ܿ죬ʼ
һĵһǿһ죬͸ҵļһ˳ȥ
ͬǸ΢ǿһ㡣
ļ˷
ڣ׵Цһ¡
ǰĸԱУһֻһ
˭ƴһĿȻ
ڶ
һǰ೤һ
һ೤̫УҲǱġ
ܿ죬ǿǵٴСˣһء
㣬ȻٶҲͦ죬ûزࡣ
һѧĵ
೤òˡ
ѾЦˡ
ǰһõһ
ûλ꼶һؾǸֲ粻ܿӣһвûС
ѾõȻҪôˡ
һߣȻһȡúֳɼһֱμɵҲض
ֻϣѡֵԴν൱򶨣ÿٿ
ۼ˹ӹ͵س˳ȥ
ʱǸв̵ľ롣
һ˲Ķᵽɤۣ͡
ѧͣһҪ
ѧǰȫˣ
ܵúܿ죬紵ǰ鷢¶ò˫Ư۾Լβ붼ֹסĶ
˱żͣźţԺﻮ˲ʱ˵ͷ
Ĳ˵˧
ܵһߵߣת۷ʱ򣬸һۿվڳ½
ԽԽ죬Ǹ˵ĲС
ףףһס
ֱ

һĻҪʣ
ǾȻʤˣ
ǳ࣬༶õ˵һ
ŰѧһĻʪۿ
һı飬վԭᶯˡ
ô
ݺݵشһƬġ
˵ĻУһ½ȥ
½ɵĲЦ⣺
ĴϢ΢е㼱ƽ½֪Ϊʲôô𣿡
Ϊʲô
һ΢СĻȣһһٵΪǰ档
½˲ˣҲʼƮţȥ
Ϊʲôô˵
һЦôÿ


26 
û
磬ȥμ߱
ͬʱ½׼ǧס
磬ȥμ߱
ͬʱ½׼ǧס
˷ͷж
ߵıȥ
ͣһ·Ƿϣģ˱вʡ
šһüͷû
ֱ߳أͣٴθʲʣˮ
˵ţˮݸ
Ųͣǰߣʡ
ͣһ£ջˮһֱţһֱ˼
ţ͵ͣ˽ŲؿܲҪһֱ𣿡
Ⱥµķ绹Ҫ䡣
ͣһ٣סˡ
һֱŬǰҴڸУǰһѧڶ˵һ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
Ϊǹϵת㣬û뵽ôһ¡
ͣЩӲЦЦΪܳΪѡ
һҲ飺Ҫ
ͣҧҧĵ½
ʱһɨ˹ŵͣͱ졣
ͲЦĳҲ䣬ޱضһ˵ʱʵ˺¡
ʱֻ˵Ҳ½ȣ
ͣɫ˲ɷס
⣬תǰˡ
ǧܵС
һйԵĿ˶Χ
ȻĻ𱬻һԭǾǲԱ½
ȻܶŮû˵Ƕعע½û취˭½Ǹ߸˧Ըôã˭ϲأ
ֱߵһļͬѧ
ɤŸ½ͣͣʵ߽ˣ
һͷǵڼȦˣ
˵ʱһ׼½Ӱ
̼Ȧˣû½ͼǰأܴܵõһ̫˧ˣ
ţǺ˧
̣
һһؿһ˧ȷûﲻ
û̵ɻרעؿ
½ºһȺ˱ϣҲҫ۵һܵʱ򣬳Ժӵ
ܿ죬ǰļ˳յߡ
½һͳ壬˵һ
ܹյߺǰһΣͣ˲ӣһºˮ
ʵݵĸһ
˲쳹
½˧
ģûĻǰ˿鸹ɣ
˧ǮҲôãò˻ˣ
̺úˡ
ĩˣٴһԵùһƿˮ㲻½ˮ
ɨһۣΪʲô
˦һβȻΪҪͣ
ʱ½˹
ľˣǧ׺˶۵øƵſֱΨֻǺ΢΢˵㣬ͷһ㱡
ӭɤ˵½ͬѧһˮɡ
½һ֣ллˡ
̲㶼ˡ
ʱ½ڶһ£һϲҪٽ½˵ɤôֵֹģðˣð˾ȥҽҰɣ
˵꣬ͷҲصؾͳ߹ȥˡ
̣
ݣ
ôôǸð
½߹ûü˵
½һùƿˮ˵šӣˣ
ѵҺȹġ
˰½ζһºСƿˮôˣ
˵꣬ӦʲôίͰ͵ң

⻰Ӧ˵
ƽʱҲһ𣬵ӡлûкȹԷˮ
ȻԸԼˮ½ȣǴһص㣬½Ӧ󣬾öġ
˵½ɫˣҰƽʱһԷ𣿡
˼ؿˣϽȰɡ
½ʹƿǣͷʼˮһʣµġ
ؿһĻ
½̶ܳȾȻԵ̶ֳȣĿˮҲ¡
ǲζԼ̽ҲԸһ㣿
һ˶죬Ȼһ˵ڶô˵֮˦˺档
׷ǳˣЦݱƽʱ˺ü
ȥѧУ˺üʳôҺúףһ¡
ַǷ
벻ǰҲôüʱ򣡡
Ǳ밡ǿһ࣬˲¶ˣ˸÷ʱȻᷢ
ʱİαһϣôӽ·
ǿΪ׵ļ˲Ц
ɫһӿŲ뿪ˡ
ˣĽεȷֺܲʦܸˣϣǿ԰־ŵѧϰֻҪģûʲôġ
ϣ׼ؼһˡ
½֪ͨ˵ѾϵǼҲ˼Էж
ؼҿһƽķӦ
ϾҪƽ״̬ܽһƻ
½һ˵ҪؼҵĻһ𣡡
Щԥ
ƽ˳ǽʲô
Լû£һӰ쵽½ô죿
½ԥһסҪǲͬĻǽͻȥҼҡ
˼ãͬ½һȥ
˷źг¥
Կ״ź󣬷ֿĵţ˵ʱƽڼ档
߽ȥ󣬹Ȼ鷿ڴƽ绰
ƽʱһʲͬڵָܽ꣬ͣ绰ͷˡ
ǲ˵˲˾ڸԣ
ȰûǲҪŭңûǺùӳԣ
Ҳ֪Է˵ʲô
ƽ͵ˤֻ
ţ鷿һҶ
½һۡ
Ȼ½˼Ǳ߳˶裬ǲŸҺƽôŸɣ
½ѹ˵İɣҸⷽ滹ͦġ
ʱ鷿ֹͣ춯
ţ鷿űˡ
ƽ鷿ȻڵòᣬһúܺõͷңҲüûˡ
䲻ؿˣһ㶣ҧгݵ軹һ
˵žͻȻ˹
½һ粽ǰãٶ
ƽݺݵÿ
½սȭͷ⻰Ӧ˵ŶԣϽÿȻҲˣ
ƽ뵽챻½ŵ£ʹ
ûǰ壬ƫͷ¶Ĺɣ
ֱЦһǣأ
ƽŭ
ΪģֻΪھȻĿŵط
һֱֻѱŪڹ֮еķݣĸ
ȻڣȻͼô
һԴƽ˵һ൱Խܵ¡
ƽòס񣬶Уҵ֣㲻ҪˣҸģͷҰ
ʱ½һȭͷ㣬ϽȻˣ
ƽ޺޵صһ½
ȴʲôҲ
½ҵǲġ
ƽЦȻùԿף뿪ˡ
ڰ
Ҳ˵ƽ鷳Ҫתѧ򲻿ˣ
½߻Լҡ
һ˶ᣬ϶˺϶Ҫϴ衣
½˵Ȼȣ
½鵽ˬǫõȥɡ
һͷŻϴԡҡ
½ֻʼ֡
˼ֺԡſ˶
½ʶ̧ͷȥϴꡭ
Ȼֹ
ֻϴ󣬻ʪģֻһ׳¾ͳˡ
׳΢е㳤°ڴ˴ȡ
Ŀ֮һ˫ֱֳ׵úڷ⡣
л˵
һͷǷСǹղѽ


27 
ϲ
½һĻֻһûȣ˵ϡ
ֻԺžģըֱ̻رͷ
ȻոտĳȴԺѿһ㣬ٹ̣
ֻƴ׿Щ˼˵Щǲÿӽȥ
⳶һԵë߲ͷ߳½λߣֻ˵
ƫͶĺɫ䣬ȴ
½ûתͷǻҪ˵ʲô
뵽ʲô̹ĵŶ䣬Сĸðˡ
ͷĶһ١
½ûˣ֪ʲôתͷһۣವһ¾ٴƿĿ⡣
Ȼ֡
ʲôʱ߹ģȻôˣ
˵ľ벻һס
ҹ紵ԡ¶ζŷƮɢں䡣
ʱߵǰ
˾ǽһ½ջܵĳ¿ӣĴУϲһ˲
½ͨһҪ˵ʲôȴʲôҲ˵
Ҫʲô
˼룬һŵʱ΢һԽϵһɫӣȻֱ
˵ľԶ
һ½͵͵ؿڣôˣ
ûô½৵һվȥϴ裡
˵žͻŵ˼ϴԡҡ
һȥͷԼʧˡ
ԡûɢϴһˮ顣
󣬸ոһϴΡ
½ǲˡ
գǽȥš
˹ذѿӴϡ
ո½ı֣۵ס
ǲ׼ȷж½Ǻ뷨
˼ţɳϡ
˼һʼӰ
ӰȻͨ͵ģǹġ
ǿ˼飬Ȼȥۡ
ʱ΢ϢˣһʱϢ
ġ
ֻˣһơ
̣ǰ첻𣿵ʱûüףڲϡ
̣ඣ˵仰@
֣ˡ
ƣôУڼҵİɣʳ϶׼ˡ
֣е£ɡ
˳΢ţ
ûһᣬ½ԡˡ
ֻƿߣ鵭ض˵ҪҪһ𿴵Ӱ
½͵͵һۣѾһɫӣһĴ󵨵˹ȥѧϰ
ͷһϡ
˵ţ˸ոǲӰ
½ֻĻϿһۣʲôӰ
治ɫҲҵġ
Ŷ
½˿ûɡ
ο˵ǽäĿġ
ƽʱ˵ʲôš
˾ôؿ
һֱӰǰСʱ½ûʲôرķӦ
ƫͷһۣʵûʲôϵ𣿡
½һ㶣ãȻ˰ǲھ𣿡

һָ
ⲿӰȻĵޣĸѾ㹻ˣǵǶ͸¶ŶԱ˴˵ϲ
һ۽֪صϷϾҪˣǲɫؼȴ
ȻʮӵʱںϷ֣ţͶˣȻ鲻ԽϦ½һǡ
ǵѷ֡
һʱȥ½ķӦ
Ȼû뵽½ų֮
ʱ½üͷ壬ɫѿˣͷһ亹
һٶ˳˵Ӱû°ɣ
½ܲӣ˵һ룬͵سԡҳȥ
һԡ˸Ż
ֻĶýӲһƬ
ֻȥһˮ
̶ޱġ
½Ӳˮݸȵˮ
½ĺܼ٣ӹӣ͵ع˺üڡ
һɳϣúܽˮָס
վǰ
ð죬½ŻָһЩֱͷһ¾Ƿοİûµġ
һʱ˵ʲô
ð죬ſʵ½ĺܵĹϵ𣿡
½üͷšһ£ԥţᡣ
˼֣ԶҲܲ˺һ𣿡
ǣԼϣ½ԵøųˣüҲŲһ𣡡
ʵû⣿
ûС
½̸¶ûһˡ
ĻºһȰһжֹˡ
Ψ紵ŵĴ¡
½ŷǺܿģϽʵզ
ҡͷû£ˣ˯ɡ
˯º󣬹˵ơ
СʱһӰ˴ûз˿
ߵͷǰ̺һ֧̣ùߵ̨ϡ
ȼ̡
ʵϲֻ̣ż鷳Ƶʱ򣬳ڣܻܶ궯
ֻһڣûʲôȤش֡
Ȼվ̨ϣһضߵľɫ
Ѿ賿ʮˣ˼ҶϨ˵ơ·ƹ߻谵Ա߼ùͺͺɡ
ҹ̹ǣǲһ㣬ôһվǰСʱ
Сʱ˼׷ӣ˺ܶ࣬ʵһ½
½ܽܺһһһӹɵ£ŵ˿ǶŻĳ̶ȡ
ȴ
½Ͳȱġ
졣
½һ˼ҡ
½ûϰ࣬һʢװ¥պÿ߽½
½ƤȻ֪ؼҵ·
½Ϊʲô᲻֪
˵ţۼطһ¡
½ĳϾȻһǳǳĿںӡӡ
ɴ峺ӣ磬ɩˣ
½ע⵽ߣһסԼڣ˵˵ʲôأϽ죡
˵ţسܿһۣںĽҲȥ˾ˣڼҡ
½Ȼ½вɻû˵нŮ
½Ҫ˵½𾪵òỹû׷˼ңͰӲϹɣ
½裺
ڱεıԵ˺ü˵ͱ̳ܲˣʱ䣬ܹԼ°ɡ
½һʲô£ɱݺˣ
½˵¿ɴȥˣ
ֻ£ٸ½⣬һת¥ȥ·һ˵Ҳʰһ£Ȼһȥһƻᡣ
½ܾҲȥֲýʣ
½ͣתͷһۣ۵ܹõš
ȦҪ߶ģԴǣߴţȥƱյһ
½½һ棬ûپܾתóֻϢҪҸȥһƻᣬŻ
һߣСںǴơ
·ڴֻһºճһֻ֣ͳһۣ½Ϣʱ
̼״ߴٵ˭ϢôҪȳƣ
ػظ½
һʼԼͷ½Ҫ

У̷ͷ֣תƵ˵½ϲʲôŮ
ΪͦģȻŬôãһЧûУ΢ей
Աߵһ
ʲô
½ȷʵǵûһ
û˻ش̣Ҳû⣬ѵϲŮ͵ģһȹӣƮƮ˵֣
ʱѾϢӳơ
̻عһըˡ
ըʲôũ񣡣
ֻ
̣
ֻһҿ
㣬½½˾ƻᡣ
ϲʿľƻȻҲǸߵεģؽ̻ԻͣĿǣ
ֵһھƻϣ˲˵ע⡣
һ棬½ȦһĺţҶͽᡣ
һ棬½ҵӶӢͦΣһվһķ羰ߡ
½迴һˣԷһֺתͷ½˵һûɣ
½ڰ֣ȥɣùҡ
½뿪½һԵϢȥ
½ϢһᣬʼϢ
½İ֪ͲμӾƻˣҾӦȥŶԣ
ܿ죬ظϢҪã
½Сʱɡ
˼½ǰĹƺһڣ漴һٴ֣ҷһͦúȵĹƣҿʲôӣԡ
漴½̨ɨһȦǿơ
ǩһߣסˡ
Ҫְƿתһ𣬡Ӵʲô½ٸˣ
½̧ͷһۡ
ǰһˣǻ죬û֡
ո˵Ǹеӡ󣬺
½شһкǺá
˵֮µͷʼظϢ
ʱһۣжŭ⡣
ǼҲǱ½˵ԲˡˣҪֺ½½ɺѡ
ƫƫ½ܲ档
½װơ
ʲôװģǼмǮ
ܿ죬⼸ҲϢˣؽӡ
½һüһ޷ڴϡ
ʱͻȻʵ½ƽʱΪʲôһ氡Ʋǣ
½ЩĪǺ𣿡
һҭ
һ״ߵ½ٵȻǲ죬˵һѧԵĹϵܺö԰ɣǸѧԽ
½Ҷ
ʱһ˵ѧôʱ򻹲ǸһȺ˴򹤣
ǳ
½Ķסˣŭ⣬Ÿոˣ˼ǣɼ˲𣿡
θߴǳǿֻţҲǳǡ
Ǹ˱Ŀһ뷴û˵
һ˵ͷװģ輸ϵľƿǰļﵹ˾ƣҶһΪ仰˺
˶ӣ˾Ʊ
Ψ½û
ӹҲסˣҧҧ½ӣ
½ĮҲȾơ
Ǽ˶һۡ
һȵ˵½Ǹߵôֹϵɣ
˹ʣʲôϵ
ǴϵĹϵ
½ɫһӳ
ע⵽ɫӲ塣
ӦǸѧ/½İɣ
Ҳǣһƽƽѧ˸϶Ҫʹ
Ϲ϶á
ֲ½ôϲǸѧԣֻ棡
һ/Цؿ˹½Ļ˽漸ôһûϹѧ͵أζ϶һ㡭
أ
һƵ
½ץһƿƾҵͷϡ
һһסԼͷѪܿð˳Ⱦİ
״׷׾ֶܡ
½ץʣµľƿȫ˹ȥ
һ߷ǰ̨ӡ
һ󶣵졣
һȺȫ˲ʣغš
½վһ˫ۣսȭͷ˵Ⱥ࣬Ь䣬ʲôʸ˵
̲ŲӺѵʵ㲻ϲΪʲôֻһ棿
½һž˹ȥұ죡
ƽʱǿͿضԴˣ˵໰
ߵĶܿ˴ǵע⡣
½ȹǴһ½½ûº󣬲ųѯʣô£
վ߷ߵܵˣǲǿ˼ЦͻȻˣ
׷׸͡
ǣǮ۸ǰɣ
û꣬˵
½Ŀת½
½һ仰Ҳû˵ҪѸոȺ˵Ļظһ飬
Ҫ½ţҪȥˣ
½һͷУ֪ˡ
˵꣬ǮһſƮƮض˹ȥ
ļ⣺ʲô˼
½һҽҩѡ
е裺Ǯǣ
½䣬ȫλߵѹȻô죿Ҷ㡣
˭Ҳ˵ʲô
½ҵɲǵġ
״½辶ֱ½뿪ˡ
μӾƻС
˵½Ǹܿأʵ
Ҳ̫ƫ˰ɣֱǮˣʾԭ򣿡
㵫˽һ½Ըǰ⼸ģ㶼˵ֻ
ǣʲôԭ򰡣һĿȻðɣ
½صҺ󣬶Դ˼Сʱȵƽ󣬲űȥҡ
ʱ䶼סһҪǷƽǽ
ĵһ۾ʵôˣ

½һʱӦѾƽٹˣǿˣ
ݣо鲻̫á
½üĿչģͺлȴ΢΢üͷ˼ӡ
½˵ѵĻû˵ȫʵ飬ֻھƻ˼ˣ˵ر֣
˵ʲôˣ
½߷ߵǾȻ˵ҿϲ㣡
էһ仰ͣ˼룬ʵôشģ
ҵȻǷˣ½ûǱʯҪ飡
˵֮ıЩ΢ô˵ˣ

ûУͦжġ
л˵
½ûǱʯҪ飡
˵һ飿


28 
Դ
졣
μʱʦȥһˣӡ
ķ꼶һأȻֻĿ
ʦƽʱ⡣
ԾӰ칫ҳ
ûֱӻؽңֱ¥
¥ûа༶ֻͼңýҵȣʱһˡ
ǽϣ̺һ̡֧
ûȼֻǼָ䣬¡
ϣ½үүָ½绰ˣһ⣬Ůѡ
½үҲ൱ִˣǴǵ½ύһŮѲɡ
˵ڻǸӦżŶԣҲ֪½үΪôľٶ
Ȼ½үӵôģֻ֪ԼԲ½ˡ
ڴסˣûʲô˰ɣ
ͻȻһڶը
šüؿȥ
ֻһܣ鼤Ӳץס̣ץסɱ˷Żһ㡣
ԣ
ûкµ˼̶ûв
һóѵţȥ̵֪ͨΣ
³֣ȥɡ
壺
һںӣЩסˡ
Ǹѧ
ЩѧҪ޿֣
ҧҧת˵һ£㲻ҪתѧΪʲôֲתˣ
Ҫתѧ£Ǵġ
ϾԺƽְҪ
˵º󣬸˺ü죬˯š
³ƽ⣬Ͳתѧˡ
תѧһֱڶ޶
ǽһ尾оԼǱˣһͨ
ʱޱؿתתѧƨ£
ܿŭҪת͸ϽתѧУʲô
ֻҪڣͻᱻеһǴ
ֻƲﰵ˳ˣȭߡ
ӣһҲȥˡ
Ժֻһ뷨Ҫûͺˡ
һħӣٺ˷ʱ䣬ת׼¥ȥ
˭֪һסߣҸ׼㵽תתѧ
ûü˵бͳһˣһƿ塣
½һŭصǰ壺ҲǾ㣬Ҫ鷳𣿡
ǰ½ɫذ̷Ż˿ڴ
òվΣ̶½˵ôάǾͿʲôͲƽʱֳ
½ʶػͷһֻۣŵԾ
Ҳһ㣬˵̣Ѿ̲ػؿڴˣ㷭
½ÿɵӵΪʲôҪģ
壺
ûӦʱ½ͳһץס죺鷳Ҫͷ
˵ţһԵвߡ
Ǽʶ½ħֶεģ˺ԲԼǿ
ʹ̵Ȼ½̫ץɵþ͸ץһֻСƵġ
Ҫˣ㵽Ҫ
½ߵ㲻ϲȽǾͱ˸ñȵģ
壺
˲ʶʲôڵøˡ
˽µĻҲôżҲһ±˴˵Ǹλ˭֪½ﾪ˵ĳߴ磬ܿһϲ
ҪԱȣĶˡ
ûһᣬʹɱһĲҽ
ʮץſӣܱ߽У裡
½̬ɵ߳
ЩŹ֣㲻˰ɣ
½ϵûˣתáôһ㶼ҡıôܣֻŻһ°ˣ˭Ӱ
ҲоԼⲻ̫ʣ˻⣺ҪҪһҵĿڴ
εģҲס̯˽
֮½ķӦ
ֻ½γĺ΢΢һЩ̰
ʣҳأ᲻ҵȷܶ飿
̣ܣ簵
ô᣿½ʵҵȻܽһа㻹ǽҵġ
ţ
ʲô
½һſ΢е㲻˼/ŶȷҪ𣿡
ɻ󣬵Ƕô/е⣬ôŤŤģ
˵Ȥ˵
˵⣡½൱Ժ´ƽ˵ֳװ㳤ûа

ǵĺ/е⡣
˻صҺ̳˹Ǹոˣ
½ȣ㶼֪
ȻһЦʵ˼һֱôѩء
ʵϣոſӣǱشһܹȥȫ˶һĻ
ϴʧ̬½ЬȻǮʱ
ȻȻأҾ뵽½
װģһ󣬿ʼ£ʲôްһֱ겻ɢز㡣
ţνشһ䣺֪
ǰСת
һ˵ʲô˵ģֱӰһپˡ
УԵ磬˾ʹɱɱġ
̧˵˵ʲô鼸ţϼҲۣȻٰӵ
㣺
ȵȣʲôû˵
˭Уԣ
С˵˶㡣
Ϊʲôѧһĵ˵Щ£
һתû½˵ûУⷽ汩ɴһѧһ𡭡
½ҾⲻбгͶơ˵ÿã
̣
ǣ˵úá
״˶ٲ˾
Ρ
Ȧ󣬴ԭؽɢ
˸̨£óֻظϢ
½ȥˣš
Ĳ½ͣ
ܴͣһ£ʱûעߣûһŷģֽߵԡ
̧һҲûͣ߷ŵĻϡ
ͣ״ԥŰеݸСؿڣҹд˵㶫
½ӳгʱԶԶؾͿͣߵǰŵŷݸ
½ɫһ䣬ǵ̨ȥ
̨ϡ
شͣΪұѾˣҪ˵һ飿
ͣĵ˵ܸܲһλ᣿
һγԡ
ܡۿԺûʲôҪ£Ҫǰ
Ѿͨˡ
ֵͣҡ
ͷһɨû
ڳ½ˣûʲôġ
ͣе飬įת뿪ˡ
Ѿȫû˻ᡣ
½ϵʱͣѾˡ
󲽿̨ףߣͣôˣ
ʱĪش˼ֽš
ͣϲһ㣬֪ġ
ӦòӦɣ
һۣʶʲôʵҺͱ̸
Ȼ½ɫŵͣˣûӦɣ
ҲûӦģȻԱߵλãͣˡ
½ı飬صУȻ½ڳԴףֻźںĿǰҲ㹻ˡ
ֱ˵ػظҲϲͣ
½˲ӴûҪٹעͣˡ
ؼǣû˵̸¡
Цʵ̫ˣԶѣʲôôˣ
½ֱӰ뷨˵˳ʱ䶼û˵̸£ǲѾ̸
Ļ˻ܳʱشһ𣬲˴š
˭֪Ļ˭˵Ҳ̸ˣ
½
˲ˡ
ԭûͷôźã
ոջðһЩһƿˡ
ͷɥذˮͿݸ
˾ô˼̨ϡ
½߷ߵسſʱ˵ģûסתͷȥ˵ˣĹơ
˵ھƻϸ˵ǿѾˡ
Ȼһȴ
Կʱ򣬳ܺãͬһ̻ʣ˹سţһĿĸо
½ǶȣԿݣҧڿ棬ҧһںؽţ촽Ҳʪ
ʱβɨ˹ڿʲô
û½৵һ»ͷڳԼĿͨȥ
˵߼̨ףͰȥ
ڱܵĹУɬְա
ôԿܿأ
ǲǳ˰


29 
¹
½ûһܻˣУڴһ
½ûһܻˣУڴһѰ̵ģʲôζС
̧ôʲô
½ЩƮһƿǸ̶岻ãԺ̵ʱͳһǡ
ʱЩ죬һӢǾ⡣
ֽӹǡ
Ϊ½ûô̵£ʵǷ
˳ְһŰǷŵ
ζģζ˲ڿǻУͬʱ˿̵ĸܡ
½ô𣿡
ģȻ𡣡
Ȼ沿ûٱ仯ദˣ½һ۾ͿЦ
½˸
ô˵Ļ
ÿ
Ҫ¿ˣǿɢڸͬѧлϡ
ߵ̨ʱһ٣Īزǰˡ
ʱ½
˵ķΧ֣·Χдˡš֡
յⲢǿңԾϣǼһ˵˾
̨ϣﺬһǣü۴˵Ц⡣
½վǰ֪ôأе죬һῴһƿߡ
һһվ
һĻ
ǿǸȸֱֱУֻ룬ܿͻָ죺ѧ½磬ϽأҪˣ
ȥϵ·ϣֻ˺ü¡
ֻһɫʱˣеЦⲻڣת䡣
ƽĶš
СˣڱĶ࣡
ѾѧУˣУſڣϽң
һˡĻҾͰϲ½ɢȫУ
źɫһݣֻ·Żض
תͷ½˵ȻȻؽңһе¡
ɢһ˴ٳֹչһѧ¥ѧУſڹȻƽš
쵹ʰһԼ˺ӣŽ˿۾һװֱģġ
һ˵״̬ƭ˱ˣԿ겻ڱıԵ
ȷѧҳͷ˽ˡ
ߵһƫƧĽ䡣
ƽȶһȭͳ˹ʲô
һֱھ״̬˲Ͷ㿪ˣȻӦ¡
ƽһӿŭʼ·ع
ȻܹԹվ򣬷
Уƽŭ
԰ӵ֣
ĵ£ȥҷİɣ
һֱˣҧ˲еĹ
ƽʱ൱ùʧǼ˾ûֱ꣬ٵ¡
˵ͷ˲ͷÿ춼ͷö
嵽ѧУǴ׳
һ㿪һţЦô˭Ķأɣ
ƽĶһ١
⻰Ϥ
ܿͺԶ˵ƵĻ
˭ҵأɣ
˭㵱ϹҪ޸أںҲûˣ
ƽһ
ʲô

뵽ɫֲٴγȥѧӣҸ㣬ֻƿر˵ķݣ˲ƿң
Ǳʲôͣ£
һʮ˵Ķ
ջ֣Զȥ
һͷϡͷܹˡ
ڸѧ¥Ѳߣûг̵ġģ˭֪¥һƳüһȻдܵġ
ܹ󣬷һѧ˭ôѧУģ
ƽɷı飬Цİְ֡
ϵװͰ͵ģڴ򶷹ˡ
תƵϣ˲˼ְ֣֣
ҲʱŷҲˡ
ղ֪Ķһӣ˿ڲֻðѪӡ
˲ۣƽλҲǲİְ֣ѧУô£
ƽЦЦǸһСìܶѡ
ô̵ΣĲ˵Ǻǿģӵۣ⻰ô˵ڵģСì˳
ƽҹܽԼ쾭°ɣ
ҲܣѧУѧǼҳҲ֣ܶ
ƽû˻
Ͻ뿪ѧУһк´ξԲ
˼ҵϣƽҲײװģһȻ뿪ˡ
֮ǰݺݵضһۡ
Ȼûꡣ
ߺ˵ȥҽҴһ˿ڡ
ȥǱ߶ȥҽҡ
Ҳͷһ̵֪εĻȻô࣬˵һ·ͣġ
ҽҳʵǼʲô費ҪѧУе⣿
ҡͷллΣˡ
ƽı̬ҪǱȰתĻҲͲнˡ
һ飬ɼ˵á
̾һҲУҪ¸ǰΣƽʱǵĽӴʱ࣬ԸõشЩ¡
Ҳ˵ˣǿһеģջǵͷ
صҵʱѾϿˡ
ӢΡ
Ӣʦںڰϰ顣
һ档
Ӣʦתͷɡ
˵֮ע⵽ĴɫЩȣϿΣûжʡ
ϵͬѧûô˼ɣ߷׷ת
ǿҵһĿȻ½
һ£ֵǵʵôˣ
Ƥܰףǿ鴴ԵøۣҲһЩϺۼ
ûشӢʦúڰ壬ʾʲô¿˵
½ֻò鲻Ըֹͣѯʡ
¿κӢʦһ뿪ü˺Χ˹
ʵû°ɣ
ҡͷû£СĹһ¶ѡ
㻹ǸӣҪ۸ĻҺȥ
ƽû¡
Χ۵ɢˡ
תͷ˿½
ʱ½ͷۿģһѹı顣
ÿˣ״̬˻Ҫܡ
̾˿ʵ˵ոƽˡ
½ɴ۾ôҵѧУˣ
ʵôûһ𣿡
£֪ô˵ˡ
ܰƽв˵
һ½֪ԼпѶûӴ
Ψһһܲ˵¡
ǣתƻ˿еۣ㿴ǲǴûã
½̴ս˸飺𣿲Ȼȥҩ
˵ʱĺϣһı㡣
˱ۣë
ۡ
Ѱ
ϰʱ򣬳ųҪȥᣬûҼලǿ˽̨ͬѧǣӰɣ
ƽʱǿǰͷһķŵӰɣ㱻סˣҲƤЦػȥ
Ӱ˲˴˵ͬ
Ӷ
жŵĹţ
ܿ죬Ӱʼˡ
ȻһƬ
ӰտʼûӣϺüŮŵüһ
̺ǿŹƬôǰ˵һ
̽㣬ò¹ɣ
¸ƨҵ˼´ҪѴҡ
ʱӰ˵һС/ŮվԡϴʱͻȻͣˣڰУһֳֻȥ
һ۾
Ķ΢Ǳ½ע⵽ˣ
㲨ûУͷ¡
½һ˵ǲˣ
ҡͷһС
½ذѵӳ߰һ㡣
ٹһ㡣
˵ľٴ
ٹ
ѾˣҲûоƶ
½ʵںõ˰ɣ
ʵǵʲôʱ¹Сʱǻһ𿴹Ƭʱһƽָ˹ƬһЩŶΡ
Ȼô˵ˣ㲻ٻɡ
˵ʲôǶԵġ
ҡͷе¡
ǡ
½Ȼֹ
ֱץסˡ
Ͳˡ˵


30 
ǣ
еĵƶˣֻеӰĻͶһЩҰĹ⡣
ΧһƬڰˡ
£еĸйٴŴ
½оԼץסֿҪȼˡ
ƽʱҲûйӴǶǻһЩˣҪҩ֮ġ
ûʽǣ֡
½̣۶ǹһ㣬ġ
Դץ½ֵһ̣򶨣ʵҲúܿ졣
ͬʱɫعע½ķӦ
Ϊ½ٻеų⣬ǣ½Ҳ֪ǽŻʲôе㽩Ӳ⣬ʲôҲû˵Ҳû֡
˾ôһֱǣ֣˭Ҳûɿ
ֱӰʼĻʱɿ֡
Ƕ죬Ҳ֪˭˺Ƽ΢΢еʪ
ʱͬѧ߹ȥ˵ơ
ɲǼ䣬һƬá
ǰ˶ʼ̸ոյľ顣
˰죬Ȼо񲡣
Ȼأ㻹Ϊֹܳ
ʵеؾ˰죬ͷȻжģ
СֵĵСȫ̶۴ַ￴ġ
ֱӰ£Ҳȥһۡ
ǰĳֳеúŸİ
ѧ½ôһ仰Ҳû˵
СɻŤͷֺŵչֵֹġ
֪Щʲô岻ͬƺôʻ
½Ƕͨ죬ͳֻ׼Ϸҵص˼£ְֻ˻ȥ
СָԻˣ̫Һֻ½½磬ǲҲŵˣ
½Ӧһ£ʶС˵ʲôǵԣͦ˵ġ
С룬ԭֻһ£ҵ֪ʮ˷ܣ½磬жɱ𣿡
½һ£˭жɱΪʲôɱ
С֣
֪ûˡ
ûӰոڸ
½һ
ںǣ㲻㣿
ûİ⻰˵Ҫһ˿ǣҲͦģǰɣ
ֻķӦô
СֻҪ׷ʣ½Ųݸ屾סͷǿͷתȥˣˣҾףεոյĵӰ
С֣
ʲô񶾵䣡
ŵæת˹ȥ
Сתȥ½ĵǱƳ
ͱץˡ
΢΢һǣʲôǣһΣ
ûС
½৵һתͷ
ȥͬʱ̲סٴθпЦÿ
죬½ԼһȥһҷԷ
û뵽½ٴνӵүүĵ绰
ЩˣүүҲ̫˰ɡҪȻһ˹¼ԣ
½үֵ˵ЩеûģʱôΣÿζܾˣܻܲɰɣ
½ߵұͲ
Ҳܣ뵽Ȼͱүүˣ
˵꣬½үӾ͹Ҷ˵绰ŷһַ
½Ǹַ̾
һüҪȥ
½̾û취һȥһ˰ɣξһ˵ʡүү͸Ҵ绰
һ
Ȼǲ½ȥ׵ķ֡
ǣ½˵ܵи˽ᣬܹ黹ȥһΡ
ѹĵ׵ķ꣬Ƴһ½ֻĻϵĵַ˵ȥɣ
ûʲôɸһȥˡ
ϴˣһ˲Է
βС
ңҪǴδζȥĻ½үġ
գ½һˡ
վԭؿ뿪Ӱĵ׵ǹӷȫӿ
ˡ
ʶԼѾӦ½Ҫ̣ͣȥ̵ĶڶһɨһŰǡ
ϴ½ġ
˺ֽǷŽĵ׵ĸ˵㡣
ǡʱҪҪһȥƣͬˡ
ƼҵС档
ܿͰںΣʼ
һʮֹȥ̺ɵˡ
ͺãθǿ񱩡
˦ķ·ƣǵӣŲӰ֡
ӿʼڣһʮ֣ҲӮʮ֡
̵ۣܲܺúˣˣԻҩˣ
ɫ뵽ʲôԱ߲ûһֿܣʧˡ
ɨȥͬ
Ծر죺ںҪ⡣
ʱֻһʱ䣬üͷһ£ɣһе¡
Ѿٺȥˣذ֣ϽߣҪ½һһˣһֶӮ
˳һ䣺Ҫȥİ
ˡ
˵ţѾߵſˡ
ĵһƣһ
ˣ
½˭
ҪϣһѾûӰӡ
÷ɵ
ʱһߵεĲ¥ڡ
ϴ׾ͬԱãһĸˣϵģСġ
½λϣһֱζʧò΢ЦʱûôѰ콩ˡ
ƫƫ½үӻͣص֣˵
½ܵſ˵үүȻԣֻܰǰĳӦȥ˵
ĸ˾ôһûһؽ̸š
¥ʱһ۾½һ
ԱҪʱָһº½һλá
֮䶼ŻƵıɴģӰӰ´¿Ŀˣֲڿ̫塣
Աָǰ¡
һ裬;ԭŲԶӡ
ʵλãǺֻܿ˵ʤޡ
ţܱڼｹĺá
½ʲôǴӱϿĵòǺ硣
̹١
ûһᣬ׵ŮŰվҪȥһױ
ŮױӲ·ʱסá
ƽƽģһ䡣
￴󣬶һ¡
ʶǰ
Σʵǳ̫ˣüë۾촽һǡôβǿ룬Ϊƽ˼ջ
þûôÿˣ̲סеССļ
ԣ׼ȷ˵ոջһͬĴ˧磬׶󣬿ϧԷԶ硣
ԼҪƣֵøƵģŻӦãʲô𣿡
żɽʵں½ף
һɻ󣺡ô֪
ֱ˵˵ΪҾǸġ
ƽ˵ռǿҵĻ
˲ӿˣ￪ʼð˷ܵĹ⡣
ǡǸ˼
ŶԷķӦЩŹ֣ü㲻Ҫùˣܺʲôǣ
⻰ú޲ԭתʮȡ
찡첻ͱ˧ѣһྵ˧ǵcp
ȻÿкӶӣ
׼˵ʲôͼ͵ر֤İɣҺûʲôģףǰúϣþã
ûһ㱻ᵶᰮĲ죬ﻹȫǡ

ѵóһ˿


31 
²v
Ҳ˷ʱ䣬ץŰͻصԼȰ˵
Ҳ˷ʱ䣬ץŰͻصԼȰ˵Լ⹫һ뿪ˡ
ߣ½뿪һ
½ү⡣
ողĵúúõôͻȻͱ뿪ˣ
ǵӰʧ½Щ½ү˵үүҪº˵ԺҪٸҰ׵ˣ
½үûô˵ܵ´θҸõġ
½ɫڸҵɣ
ⶼΪã
½ʵ벻ͨʲôô𣿡
½үӣȻôȻҵĵ
˵꣬뵽ʲôɫѿ˼֡
Ŷ·ͬ·Լϡ
½һ֮һθףû´ΣȻҾϵʽҲҲң
½үЩˣ㡭
½Ͻһˮݸүү˵Ķʵ㿴һҾܰˣһˣǰø
½үû㵱˭һ
գ½үӻ˾ͬ£뿪ˣʱǷ˸½Ůѵ˼
½ȡ˽׶Եʤǳ׼Ϣ¸û뵽Ա߳ˡ
½ŷ·ӴͻȻðһ𾪣ô⣿
룬˵߾͵ˣͽϬ
½
ôõ
ĲãҪƭ
ڴš
߹ֺ½ͻȻָǰһ˵ȵȣǲҸĳô⣿
˳ָķ򿴹ȥ
Ȼһɫķܳ
׼ǰһ룬ͼ½Աߵһ߳
ͬеģһ糤Ůӡ
½ǸŮӵò󣬾ǲҸĳǸˣ
֪£ʵ罻Ůѣ
ֻҲ½һ͵ſòңǺܶĪġ
½׼˵ȻֲǱˣؽ͵Ҹһʱ̸һû£˾ͷˡԴԺûҡ
½һʱڼֵܵ£ȥרҵһУ
ǶԷһֱ
½׷˵ֶַϣȻͰ׷ˡ
˿ʼ
ֵǶǲҵ氮ˣǸʱ½ں˵ֻѡ
⻰Ů˵˷֡
½ҲӲΪӣûȥء
£֪ô£˾Ȼһˡ
ֻȻ½һڣǸŮɫ²Ǻܸߡ
ֻ½ǵ˵ʲôȻʻĳţŮһüֻջȥ
½һϲЦƵ˼ʻҡ
ûһᣬӷ뿪
ۼһĻ½˳ֻ½跢Ϣ
磬ɩҸȼ˰
ϵĴӡİɣ
ԣɩӶ㰮ӣӦòĪ㾹Ȼ˽̤£ǲµģ
Էڿûл
½Ҳ⣬źֻǽȥģ
ĩòΣط죬Ժúõطһ¡
һ˵ȥҽԺɡ
Ҫƽæҵʱٸӭͷһ
׼ƽֵµʵϰ֣ЩʵϰͬܵƽѹȣȻ֪ƽܶ顣
½ȻڴӦһҽԺ
ʵ֤ʱˢ
½Լ½Ҷٵݺһ·ϳͨ裬˼ҡ
ֺͬõʵҵʲôأһ䣬еļض⿪ŵġ
һͷ֪ͣĿ𣿡
ͬһ㶣ͣ
š
֮ǰһ˵ƽͣʵϰöԷ¹¡
ͣʲôܵĵطں󣬺ܿ찲Ա͸ҪǶƵ˳
УΧû˾ƽԳױ¶ˣǶһʵϰƿ˶ԷƣҪԷ¡
ʱһӣȴǴĿġ
ͬԱĿɿڴôҺҽͬһ칫ҹ¹оһܺõˡ
˶һƽ˺ãܹңԭ
ֻͣҪץסƽİѱˡ
ͬԱҪæһ뿪ˡ
½ȥƽֵµļʵϰǿе֪˲¡
߳ҽԺ
½޷޲ƽǸǰȫˣ
ƽԼ˲ֵ̣µʵϰҲͬˡ
ʵϰսսƽҳϵĸȱޱطŴȻ˴ѹ
ǼԲ̫֣һ˰̣ЩͨͨԳΪƽⷢӵĵط
ѾЩ֤ȫ¼ȡˡ
½ŭδ뵽֪ʱƽ֪񹲷ߵ£ͺ޲ھͳ嵽ƽǰ˺ݺݵһ١
Щ֤ݷҸɣ֪ô
½Ͼ̳ϻˣѧֶζ˲֪٣ܹ°빦
á
ûгܣѸո¼ƵƵ½
½պ׼緢ȥ
Ȼͷ֣½΢ˡ
½ί½跢š
磬ǲбĵܵˣ
û£ҲģԷ϶¶ˣѡҲӦõġ
գ½źը£½軹Ǳ°˻
½ٺһЦವذ֤ȫ˹ȥ
æЩºѾˣ˳ʱ䡣
˲֪ʲôڽһȦ
գ·һװ޻Ĳʱ½ҪǾȥң
ԣһ£Щ΢ȷ
ǰȻһ²
½ûпɻ𣿡
ȻᷴԣԣҰɡ
ֱ߽½ź֪ôò͵ȫһһԵİ
ÿһһŮܣιţţҾ͸ιϡ
òͷΧҲ
ƹ谵ÿмĻƿﶼ˼õ廨Ա߻ڷ
ԶһС١
һУ½סˡ
֪Ͳѡˡ
ѣһмʲô£
е뿪׼תͷѯ
ʱһ߹λĸλأ
ϵЦݱƽʱ˲١
ԭܼ򵥣ǰλʵ̫˧ˣһһӢߴ󣬸оǲһܵ˵Ľˡ
½һᡣ
ҪʱתߵĻ᲻Ե̫˰
תͷһۣôˣ
½Էǲǲ̫ðﶼ£ֲǡ
һƽҾûУֻǳһٷѣĶһ
ô˵ˣ½ҲֻðǵЩ΢ıŤԺ󣬴ӦУġ
ԱоˣѾ˾رóڹ۲˵
һ۾Ϳǰλϡδ״̬ҪҪʲôһ¡
ܿ죬Ǿͱŵһ¡
ûãԱ߼ʹ˴Ŀ⣬Ŀûж⣬档
ͺ˵Ŀ⡣ʱȵλϣһ㲨ûС
½ȴԵе㲻ڡ
΢һüͷôˣ
Ȼ½һֻ£ͻ̲סеų⡣
ΪĻ£ǻᱻˡ
ƽʱϵٺãҲֻͣϡ
Ȼ½˵ֻ±Ϲ롣
΢̾һţ֪ǵʯݲñ˵¡
½һ˲㻹ǵ˵Ļ
ءšһ
ʵϣǵãǵر
ʱ½Ҳ뿪˲٣Ҳû£ϾǸһ¡
ĻҲûôԽܡ
ǰһ϶뿪ˡ
˾ô˼سһٷ
ȵҪ˵ʱ򣬻ǸոǸԱ˹
½ͳֻʵһǮ
Եһ¡Ա˵߽еһŷŵϣؽܵλ¥Ͼǵ׼䣬ŻŶҪҪһ£


32 
ʧ
ô룬ġССһţȻڸȴʮ㡣
ﾲĬ˼롣
½ʶȥһԷֻǿſƬƺûʲôرӦ
ſڣǲҪ
ԱȰȷҪĺŻŶһɴۣһЩСƷ
½ҡͷȷ
һ룬Ȼֹ
ֻ޳֣ذŷ
ôŷ½ȥ
ɫǵģȴƺһɲһζ
½
סˡ
ʲô˼
ѵһȥ׷
½ӣ˺ü죬̽ʵۡȥǲǲ̫ʰ
ʣʲôʵģ
½ĴԳ崻ˡ
ʱְѷŻԭֻǺ׼ʲôӶѡȻ㲻ȥĻͲȥˡ
˵ʱ۽޵ʹ΢еʧ䡣
˵ֻȥһ׼ˣҪȥգ½뷨һɴ
һù˷ߣȥ
Ȼͷȴùġ
¥û˵˰ɣǲȥˡ
½Ŀϻһ˿⣺ôֲȥ
ͻȻȥˡ
ֻ붺һ½ͬˣЩ
ԭܼ򵥣׼Ĳ붼룬϶ṴǷȥ롣
ԼĻ»веķӦĻ˵ŵ½
ȥˣ½ȻҲǿ
ǸԱ˻Ҫź޲̾Ϣҵ´Ŷ
ǰô䣬Ҳ»Ҫܣôɹأ
벻ͨ
߳꣬ûԶһС̷;ֱȰ˵λҪҪʲôСʲôУָȵȣǿʲô
С̷һֱſڣһ³Ϳʼ
½Ҫǲ£־øһİ˵ЩûҪûڡ
˵ˣʵҲá
½ЩСûȤѡ
̷ߺȣС۹ã㿴ֹ֯ġ׹ŵǸƬû֡
ʣǮһ
󣬰ʮ
ֱɡ
̷֡⣬ʱüЦҪʲôأ
һһ½
ûöã
½ֱ𶼴ϣȻǰš
;У½һԼϵȥġ
ֺܺÿ޳ǽڷ󴦣΢΢͹
ʱһ֯ӣɫģӲسĳһֱջ
ϵǿСƬһ棬ŵǡ½֡
½ԼȻǴšֵ
ոʱ½Щ˶
ڴϺʵĴУָо޷Ŵ󣬺ؿһԽԽ˶Ʈġ
ƫƫʱʵΪʲôҪ𣿡
½ʶʵΪʲô
ǴŵЦ⣬βɨͽң㣿
½৵һºˡ
е߳ܣӲϻֽŶ֪ķš
˵ĻôԽԽ޴أ
ڴʱֻʱ𣬽½û˭ģһӾͽˣι
绰ǺĴġ
½Ҫᣬǽ͵øϹȥ
ͨ绰½ģ˾˳
˵绰½º˵ˡ
һͷȥɡ
½ЩᣬһҪһϲܼˡ
Ǳߵݶ죬Ҳܴȥ
Ҳֻ˵һ˻ؼСĵ㣬˸˵һ
ͷţҲǡ
½᣺һټ
֪ΪʲôͻȻһ᲻õ
ϸ˷ֱʱҲ̫Ҳһѡ
½ǿаԼǵѹȥЦҸ
á
شʱĿҲһֱ½û뿪
ƺĳһ㣿
Ϥӡ
ģӢüڣϴŲõЦ⣬ĴڣƺĶ춼ů
ܿ죬˾͸Ϲˡ
½˾ؼң
ҡͷˡ
γϳͻе㲻
ҲԶ·Ҳܻܿȥ
Ǻðɡ½ظţһŶ
š
Ѿǰʻһξˣ½΢̽һͷȥվڽֱĿԼ뿪
½Īеޡ
һ߻ؼȥ᲻ܹµ
ʱվڽֱߣ̧˻ӡ
ֵǣվڸոͬλãȴԵø塣
紵鷢¶ºÿüۣԼǿ롣
ܿ죬ӹչһ֣Ҳ˴˵Ӱˡ
Ҳתؼҵķȥ
ڶ죬ԭһжƽ
һûгţ˺ü׾ӡ
ֱߵʱ׼µԸһ١
ͻȻصһˡ
һüͷſڿȥ
ƽһ˽Ǻ޲ɱһ㣬ҧгݵһжɵİɣӱ㺦ˣˣ
ڵѾװܻˣ˺ˮҽԺȥ
ҵڣѾݲ
һУǰ͡
ƽؿıӦ
Ӧƽ˹ŹֵЦضʲôǱӦӴӲЩ
Ų㡣
ٺϻֱߡ
ûƽӹİ﷭˼ֽȻס㿴ʲô
һóѵЦ
䳯Ǳ߿һۡ
̫Զֽʲôݡ
ƽĵһһ˵תѧ룬Ѿˡ
ɫ䣬űӵֿʼס
ƽЦš
ȻѾˣôأź½СأŶûУ
ŷ㻹иأΪҲ֪ʱ䶼ңӲˣһ군
µˣҲһȥ
һϡ
½緹̵ذѸ
ÿγһţ
ε棬һԼӣƳ֮ɫֱ
ӵĵһۣ½;
ʱ½ҲҪţ½Ÿߣ˵һ䣺֪ˣΪȥ֪ģΪǮ
½ͷ磬ôô˵
½裺Ŷ˵ˣ
½һǮе֣
½裺
ҧǰǮ
ΪʲôҪ½һԺҵģҼġ
½裺
Ҳĺۡ
ֵ˷ֱ½гǾ¥š
һߵţһȻῴʲôӦ
Ȼ˺ܾãʼû¥
ǵϰǴϰ˵뿪ʼ˵ӼϹȥʱպúʡ
ƽʱҲǰ˵ҳŵġ
Ѿ˵ʮˡ
½óֻһ绰ȥֱԶҶ϶û˽ͨ
ЩгԱһ¥ȥ
Ǽſں½ʼš
˺üΣ涼ûлӦ
׼һʱԱߵס¥״ѵˣûˡ
½һ㶣ʵô᣿ǲס𣿡
ھӽ͵ǲ֪Ϊʲô´һܣȻҹ뿪ˣȥҲ
˵ţͦпôأ벻ͨҽƽʱԸͦº͵ģһúӣĸȻҲܴܡ
ھӱ˵ҡͷ¥
ʣ½ԭأĿֻš
ô£һ뿪ˣ
Ǵһܲ뿪ģ°ɣ
½ûȥѧ˼
ֻҪһ뵽ڲ֪ƽȥļǣ˸ƽ
¥ؼҵķȥ
ƾһ˺Ѱҿ϶ǲõģҪؼ취
½ر󣬹ܼҿȥ൱ز죺٣㲻ѧȥ𣿡
½ûʱͣʵأȥ˾ûУ
û
ܼҸ˵֣ͼ½һƵĳ¥ȥ
ʱѾˣ鷿Ҫļ
ʱ½͵س鷿
üͷһ£ҪƢ½ɫ󣬰ôˣ
½ٺܿ죺裬ˣִˡ
ļͷļִ߲Ǻ
½̽ͣǼҺǼҲһ㻹ǵϴϵ𣿾Ǳִģ
ֹͣϵĶ̧ͷ½ʲô
½ҴҵȻȥȥˣ
Ҫƽʱ½ôߴߴسˣѾ뿪ˡʱǿԼݼ֣Ȱ⣺ûǸҪ˻ᣬ϶ϵġ
½żһû취ϵأһʱ˿͵ȥأ
ĿһϵıˣҪȥſˣʲôϵ
½һǰס裬һҪæ
̾ϢһűһͷĶӣ½֪㵣ǹңµĴɡҵôǼҵִܲ𣿰һʱﲻһӣֻáҪ׽⣬չ黹ǵÿԼҪôˡ
˵꣬ļ뿪ˣ½һվԭء
죬½һȥѧУġ
һ߽Уţ˺ܶ˵ע⡣
ԭܼ򵥣½ѧУķ˵ɶкüŮǵϵʽ
ÿ϶кܶŮУſĥ䣬װ̲裬ȵȣΪľǿһˡ
Ȼ죬½гûˡ
Ȼ죬չ鲻죬ֻա
ͬһľҪܶ࣬½˽Һѯ
½磬ôһˣѧأ
ںɣǲ״򲻶ÿһѧ𣿡
ֱϰû
ʶ˲Ծ
ǳſȥʣ½Ӻֱ졣
ƽʱ½˵ЦͰ˭ϵŻ
Ȼʱ½һؿԱĿӡ
һԲ˺
һʱû
ֱڶ εʱ򣬳߽ң⿪ǵɻ󣺡תѧˡ
ʱһƬȻ
ʲôתѧö˶˵Ϊʲôתѧ
ôһûа֮ǰϿ𣿡
Ҫѧǵ֮˿ôУ
̨ϣ׿Ҳʮֲܣɤһ£Ժǰһͬѧ
ģ
ͻȻҺһ
ҷ׷תͷȥ
½ᶨظһ飺ġ
˵õÿһѧӦ²
εƫһͷһ۽ǣָƽˣϿΰɡ
죬һֱźԼʲôæҲûϡ
תѧִ
ûĵطΪ˸˸
û뵽Ը˿ա
ÿ춼Ҫڸѧ¥ѲһȦ
죬ߵ߶һʱ򣬿źſŵǸλãص̾Ϣһ뿪ˡ
½һ춼񣬶ӣһ仰Ҳ˵
ѴŽ
Ȼаȴûȥ򿪡
Сͼһ㣬ҪҪһϷҲܾˡ
ƽʱҪ˵˵Ҳûȥ
˭ó½ɥ˼㣬һ紵ݶ
ԴĬûȥ
ϣ½ǵǾ¥¡
̧ͷǼҲûƣѡһ¥
¥ĹУϣһأһѾؼأһԼأ
Ȼʧˡ
½¥ͷɥгؼҡ
Ҫߵʱ򣬸պ°½衣
½ͣóӳ½ӣסˣô£ܵʲôˣ
ϼʱ½غŸôģ
һûѣʲô
˿̵½͸Ҫ˵СײƵģͷԣͰ͵ġ
̧ͷ½裬һ˫峺ĺˮ⣬ŨŨı˵磬ˡ
½һʲô˼ȥˣ
½ҡҡͷҲֻ֪ܵϵҡһ춼ûϵңòʲô˰ɣ
½ƽʱ½ʱȴǸϽοôܣ϶ʱûҵᡣǹϵôãҪϵĻ϶һʱϵġ
οϲ㣬᲻㵣ġ
ֻ⻰Ͳ˵½ˡ
½İο½תôһ㣬ǿЦЦţһŵģһҪء
ڶϣ½ȥҿһۣȻ䡣
ô졣
½һȫûκϢ
ԽԽ겻
ÿĳԷ˯ۿɼȥˡ
½½ı仯
ĬĬţҪٲֵĻܵܿҪŲȥˡ
֮ڣûֵĻҪùϵʼˡ
Ȼǣܹ㣬ܱܵʧǺðɡ
ͬʱһƫƧسǡ
ƾɵĳڣվڴߣŴӳߦôƺжľ𵽵á
ƽһسѾˣҲƾɵĳ졣
ƽ֪ȥˣһҲûгֹ
һ˴棬ÿ˳棬ҪԵ£ɴţʲôҲˡ
ֻϺƽĴˤˣһֱûкϵķʽ
ƽ֪ʲôʱŻҲȥˡ
ߦȣ͸¥¿һۣһ˴Ĳƺ
Ŷ¥ѣȥҲˡ
ǰǱġ
Ҫȥֻܱƿ
˺һһݣߦȾȥ
һ¡
¡

أѿһ֩Ѻۡ
ֱ

һ׵Ƭ֮ء
ޱضеߦȣһԾ˴̨ϡ
ɨһ¥µĲݵأ׼λã͵ȥ
صƺܱ׼ûˣֱֵֻڹľл˼Ѫӡ
ûпѪĵطǿһϴŵ
ϸһ飬ֲûжѵĵط
һ˦˦֣һǰȥ
Ҫһֻꡣ
½ôöûϵ϶żɣ
ǸݺƫƧΧ˵ֻˣ˶
ӿŲĵĽֵȥ
ܿ죬ҵһֻꡣ
ֱ˽ȥ
ֻ￪ſյ
ĵԱһʮС˲˯
߹ȥָǫ̀ѣˡ
СԵɵɵпˣ̶Цݣ൱ؽܣһأʲôӶУ⡣
˵ŻʱҲڴ
سǺܱƽʱ˺٣Ѿܾûô־Ŀˡ
λ˵״̬ôá
һɫĳ޷·΢еͣһ໹еӡӡ
ܺÿɫȴã·еĻɫ
һֱҲмѪӡ
ȻЩ֮ûǣһ˿ĺ⡣
СﲻɵվֱЩ
֪ԱڴԼ⡣
ѡһɫֻ˳һſȻֻ߳ꡣ
ֻߵһٵĵطͨ½ĵ绰
ʱһߡ
緹ʱ䵽ˣ½λûж
СתСʵ½磬ȥԷ𣿡
Ҳͷ½
Դʧ½һֱģλ񣬳ԷҲһûһٵġ
½ԣҡͷȥˣ
ߵʲôҸ
½ҡͷллˡ
˿̾һ뿪ˡ
½½ģͬѧ뿪ˣֻʣ½һˡ
ʧؿĿӣᱻȥġ
ʱֻ
½һǸİ롣
ûнİ绰ϰߣҪҶϣͻȻ뵽ʲôһ̵˽ι
ֶֻеעȫͲϣ´һ
ܿ죬ǱǵϤɤң
һ̣½ϲ
ЩԲ˯ãһֱĵʲô¡
ͻȻ˼ҹ޴ϲ˲û
½ʵЩ춼ȥˣ
ߣߴ绰سݵķš
½Ҳһһصš
·ؽ͵ҺƽһһƫƧس׼ϵģҵֻ֪ȥˣһ
½еʵû°ɣ
ؿһԼֱϵˣ˵û¡
ھ㣡
˵ţ½͵վܵһ
ȴǳֹ㲻ùߵáҲѧͻ
һˣҪƽ׻ܣԶǵ
һǱߣҲġ
½ǵǡ
˵ǿÿ췢Ϣ绰Ϳ֪ҵ
½֪һ¶ˣͲױ˵ֻƲֵǧҪעⰲȫʲô¾ͼʱϵҡ
Ӧţġ
˵ţͻȻǰֵƽʱԷһݵض
ˣϵ
˵꣬͹˵绰
ߣ½ͨжϣżòС
˵һ仰ʱ򣬺仯ˣòǳʲô˰ɣ
ͬһʱ䣬վڳſڣƽš
ƽЦһȻƴ¥ôûˤأ
û׼ôسݵģҪһʱ䡣
û뵽ӵ˷ĵ绰˵֪ͨ˵ݵĴˡ
ƽô£ƽֻø˻һǮ
㶼ûô
ƽضΣЦˣЦúܲ񣺡֪ôңʵڵûʲôͬһķ衣
ޱٷϻˣŴ򿪡
ƽٴκݺݵضһۣŴš
ݺƽŵһӵ˲輸ϣġ
һѾĳ
Ķ̫󣬷иձˤ輸ϣӾˣһЩ˳
ûһۣԼ˯ķߡ
ƽڱ𣺡ȥѧУҶѾϵˣ͹ԹԵѧɡҲʹ죬Ҳù
ӦһŹϵ
ƽ޺޵һɳϡ
ģ
ǰɣ˭ù˭
صԼķٴβͨ½ĵ绰
ǱӣȻһֱŵ绰ոôˣ
û£ײƽ˶ѡ
˵ŻԱߵһϣ쵽·ڴһǡ
½ģʣһˡ
⼸죬һֱ᲻óԡ
½ʵûôɣ
ûС
½ȥ˵㲻ҹܵʲôɣ
ָ䴥ֽȫ³Цһ¡
½˾񣺡ʲô£
ҡ
ɤͨߵ粨˹
һ绰ﰲ˺ðΣֻԷĺ
֪½϶
£½ĵ֮ھ̽ò
ͬɱ̫ܲУַӱ½ˡ
ڣ½㹻Ȩ
ֻ½ǱߵķӦþգҪ¡
һᣬ½еɬŴ˹İɣ
ոҲġ
ʶԷҪ˼˵£㣬æһˡ
˵ƽǸʦ
ƽôں͵ڹ꣬һƾܹúء
ͻƿڡ
ϷѧؼҺ½ػ˼ңȻ󵽴½衣
ܼѵүûؼأүʲô𣿡
е¸Ҹ
˵꣬½һվڱſڵȴš
һֱͨұ·
ûãһƾʹԶ
½ϸ˿
ûĳڻˡ
½һžͿ½üվ䵱񣿡
½鼤ĻԹ˵Լģ磬Ϣˣ
½һ𣺡Ǻܺð
йҪ½˵žͿʼ½ǰߡ
½û֪㼱ǾͲȻһЬôҲعһ졣
ԣ½½ЬϺȥһˮ
½ɳϺվ󣬿ʼ
磬˵𣿡
½һΪǹȡ
½ظ򣺡ѾϢˣҿʼ˵Ŷ
ӡ
½˾һֱֻͨϵÿ˯ǰҪƵһСʱ
ϣϴ裬ͷʱ򣬾Ƶͨʾ
ùֻһȻ½ġ
ͨ½ĿĻ
Ǻܿġ
ôˣ
½۰Ͱ͵ҪһɣҺһ𡣡
ȻÿҲƵͨǸֻܸʵһ
˵ּһӲЦݣû£ҾǸոͻȻеˣ˵˵ѣһǵɡ
½Ҳɬ⣬˵
ϸһ룬Ҳֿʮˡ
ӡУǻûֿôù
οǱȷֿÿ춼ĵ¡
ֻܾ֤ˣҺܻܿ
½
һκƽҲΣյһΣɰڴһ١
½ðա
ǰϣǻĺܶݡ
ȴеĬ
ֻǾؿŶԷű˴˵ĺ
ܵԷĴڣѾ㹻İġ
ʱֹ죬һչ
Լ鵽˲ٽ½跢ģȷһ¡
ƽǸʦȥ֮ǰһӣСĿǰһ꼶
ʦȥĸĸ⺢ӽ˹ȥС󣬱۰
ͬһ˶⺢䱦Ȼƽ
õСƬ
ȷǸСѧУŷѧʱ䣬Уſڵš
ȻûȶãͿˡ
ǸСкŰУſһһ˳
úܿɰóϵúܺãԲཱུ۵Բ
һֱϡ
Ŀ̫ˣСкؿ˹ͷ磬ʶ𣿡


33 
ؼ
ǰСкûжٱ飺ǲǽжꣿ
ɴһ˫
ǰСкûжٱ飺ǲǽжꣿ
ɴһ˫ִԲĺ۾ô֪ѽ
֪ܶࡣ磬һ֪жţǰȥˡ
һС˵Էܹ׼ȷرԼ˵֣֮оͼӴ׽С
ͷ˼磬ʶ𣿿û㣿
ⲻҪҪ޻𣿡
Զһ̷޻ǣÿѧкܶСΧš
Ҳԡ
⹫ŴûԻݡ
ʶһ壬Էְһܺá
ֻҲ˼ԼҪ޻ǡ
£˵Ҫ
˷ܵС˵ġ
Ȼʦ̹Ҫ׳İ˸Ķǰ粻ǻˡ
ܿ죬Ŷ굽޻ǵĵطһ
޻У۾ģһڡ
𣿡
𣡡
شó
´λ򡣡
ôͶ˹ϵ
صʱƽѾˡ
һţƽʵûȥѧУЩʲô
̽뻳ɡ
Цһܵţ
ƽݺݵ¡
ҪǿԵĻ޲ֻʵ̫æˣ
ϲسǣʦļ硣
Դܻ֮ҪȥҽԺϰѾˣɴس￪һҩ꣬Լϰ塣
ƹߡ
ƽ˵ĻûУ
ɨһۣһԲݹš
ƽˤеĲ
ܿ죬ƽ
ʲô
ڲƿȫֵһ
طǳܰɣ½ǸСӾôӲطֿˡ
ôȤ
صҺ󣬸½һƵ绰ȥ
ܿ죬Ǳ߾ͽˡ
½ӰĻϡ
ҲǸջؼңͷϻһЩѩ
ѩ𣿡ʡ
԰Ҹ㿴˵ţ½ߵԱߣֻȥѩ
һ˵ѩˡ
½ֻ˻ɻǿʲô
㡣˵
½ֶֻһ£¾ٵԼǰġ
߿һ۾ͷܿƿô
ÿ챨ƽѾ̶֮ʺ
ͦõġʣأ
½Ҳͦõģϣ
֮һ˼ûˣȱʧһ֣ÿﶼġ
Ǿ仰һᾡӿٶȵġ
ڶ
½һ緹װƿȪˮȻߡ
½ס첻ϿΣȥģ
½ͷ˵һ£һҾ˵ҪȥΪһƽ
ʵǹ̫ˣĵûһɹ
ҪȥҪõףԸ
һߡ
һͰߣ̵֮ߡ
˷ܵñıһῴһῴǸӶ档
Ѿװ׽ˡ
Ȼƽʱ˵㣬ȴرá
ŶͷһСë˵ȥһĵط
𣿡̧ͷ۾ðŹ⡣
һ仯ûУġ
̫лл磡
곯ǰţͷĴëӭƮ衣
ÿ춼һʱŻسݣȻûȥѧУҲ֪ʲô
ƽԴ쳣ŭ޼ƿʩ
ڼලҲܽϾˣҲƴȥ
ƽ˱굽˼㣬ֻһؾˣɲֻԼһ衣ҪǸʲôҲǺùġ
ɨûʲôںģ
ƽһ㶣˵ʲô
ЦһҲзŲµ˰ɣ
ʦʦĺӡ
ƽɵʲô˼
ȥɡ
ôܸ𰸣Ҫľƽ񲻶Ч
뿪һƽһԭؽƲ
ƫƫ벻ʲô
ôҲͶϵһǰ˸ӴŵˣȫнŶԡ
ϡ
Ƶʱ½ƽչʾϣƽƽ˳˳
½һһ٣˵ú档
ҲĿǰΨһԸˡ
Ķ󣬾ֻϣƽ
Ǹƽ΢۰ɣ
Χû
㵽һҲҪתüγ
½Цô᣿һ㶼۰ֻҪúõľС
ֻҪܺúõģһжֵá
⻰Ǹд
ԴİسǺÿ˵ƵͨΨһο塣
½죬ƽ
˼졣
ٴκͶˡ
⼸һֱ˵Ǹĵطڵȵˣ˵òˣ磬ھȥ𣿡
һͷš
꣺Ҫ׼ʲô𣿡
ˣֱӸȥС
ûãһ̨
һĴ¥ܸߣʮ¥
¿ȥ˲ʵѣθС
һ㺦£̲סץס·°ڣ磬˵ĺĵطﰡ
վɪɪСʵ㲻һֱ˵뵱վûһֵ˵ĸо
Ұеľɫ۵ף˾ڡ
е㺦£⻰սȭͷպ˼ͷϲؿİ
š
صһͷȵٴתʱ򣬶ıӰ˼ţȻƬ˳ȥ
ˣƽ
ܿ죬ˣٴͷ磬ǽʲô
Цһ£Цȴ۵ף̼ġ
ƽյƬʱںһ̵ķ̸顣
⼸벻һʲСĻеһ㷿⡣
ܿ˫̸ˣҪǩͬʱƽϵֻ
û⣬˶ذԼǩãȻѺͬƸ롣
ùֻĵش򿪿һۡ
һ룬͵վѡ
һôˣ
ƽأץֻͻȻ˳ȥ
ȥģͬǩǩˣ
ƽû˼ش
ٶڵĴ¥ȥ
֪¥
سΨһһĹҵ¥
һ·ܴ˰Сʱ̨ͷ󺹣ˡ
һֻһ˵Ӱûжꡣ
ƽ˲˺ˣأ
һԷϣЦЦô֪
˵شƽ
˵Ц⻹һοƽǱӡ
ԣϴ˵Լɱڹ꣬ƽҲģ
̲Ļش𳹵׼ŭƽŭ˵굽ģ
ǸȻı飺˵Ҳ֪
ƽŭһ͵س跢ƬָװͿ
㿪Ĺ˵˴𰸣Ұȥˡ
˵ʲôֻһ˲䣬ƽ
Աʾһ£Ǹλȥģиպӽȥˡ
ƽ̶߶µس˵ķȥߵ̨Ե󣬵ͷ¿
µȷһ˹û˴˥ܵˮݣʲôҲ塣
ʮ¥ĸ߶ȣһСıȥ
ƽȥǸ͵غ˺üۿһƬѪ죺˵ѶԲԣûǸ£
ӣΪʲôû㲻˵Һһ衣
˵꣬ӶƽĴ̼Ƶģϸڣ֪Сһ㷴ûУҰӵʱ޵۽У۾ˣҶ첻ˣֻµȷܺ棬һǰȥˣ
㡪ƽЪ˹غУһȭɱ㣡
ϧ̫ȫû·˺ü£ûܴ
ɱܿһ˵š
ƽһжɵġ
㵼ʦ͵ڹ꣬ĺӣΪų¡
㵼ʦԭġ
ƽһطң㣬ɵģҪɱ㣡
ҪΪ㣬һЩӴٳЩ¡Ҫ㵼ʦţжġ
ұ죡죡
˼ƽɤ˻ˣֱҲ
һʲôҲʦ
ƽСҲ̶ֳȡ
һ·оǼﶫƴȥǮ
ʲôöһ˫һ˶Ь
һΣͰϼ˴ܶʱ򣬽ϵЬͻȻˡ
һ˲䣬վԭؽסˡ
϶Χ˵߶еЬϣǿ϶ڳЦ
СΪƶܹۺЦ·һͨͨӿ
޲ðΧ˵۾ȫڳ
Ҳʱʦˣͬʹ١
ȥһ˫˶Ь
ƽʦᡢ֪ԡһôݵĴڡ
Ȼȴȥˡ
µһУƽ䱦޲ȥػ
ڣȴӵֻڹԼʧȥ
ƽҲܲһУع˵ϡ
˵ǻصĴ
Դݻ
ؿŹڵϵƽ
ǸڼƿˡòһҲɥ֮Ȯһʹް
ĺܿЦ
ҲĲ֣ô̰
̨ϳãΨƽ˻ĵ
ʱһ峺ĺͯ𣬴ţ磬Ҷ˺þˣôûȥҰ˵׽Բ𣿡
ƽ͵תͷŵس̨ڿȥ
ֻµվһа
ƽһ£壿ôҲ
ƽشһӳȥ˻ȫʧϲã˻ɤ˵꣬ԭû£̫ˣ
˵ţһѱ˶꣬Ȼ䱸ؿ
һĻҪж̡
ȥһ̷תˡ
ǸˣƽŵػԼںˡ
˫š
׼ȷ˵ƽš
һƵˣ
ƽû˵˫ȴ˺ü
ûסЦǳƽûоһĻʶ
ƽԵ㣬ɫҾ㣬֡
ЦøˣֻЦȴ͸һƽ˵ƽҲǸʸҪˡ
ƽô
ϣⱲҲҪǰ򡭡
ͣһ£˶һۣżҾҪ׽Բˣ´ο棬˵˵ѡ
ƽ⡣
ƽٿһ֣ת¥ȥ
һߣ·Լʮꡣ
СʱҲڴһδεʧУֲʵʵͷ
ΪֻҪԼڴˣల¡û뵽ƽǸȫȫı̬ûеߡ
һжˡ
ǸʮӰڱԶԶҲ׷ǰ
𣿺ǺܸˣѪۻģ㹻ĳء
ܹӭ˳׵Ľѡ
¥һתȴؿһߴӢӰ
½վԶĵطϵЦݱ⻹ҪЦŶ˵ؼҡ


34 
»
½ôЦվϸܸܵĵϲá
촩һɫĶ̿޷棬е㷴⡣
ܵĳƺȥˣҫ۵Ĵڡ
ԼӶεۣۿЩȡ
ʧ
ôһؿųǰˡ
ʱ½Цٺ٣ǲǺܸжԼͦжġ

һӣһɬ⣬ڣô
ûи½Լĸسǡ
Ҹİҵġ˵½еؿǲˣ
ݣڸһ㡣
޷ϣŲ
ֻ沿ԵøӾ£Ҳ䡣
شС
˵ʵԼҲûע⡣
ʱÿ춼˼βܳ׻ƽûзһ̡
һ̣ûȷ׻ᷢʲô
ڣյĽ⡣
½۵ˣ֮ǰһûб仯һ۾Ϳ
һ˵ţһ߰ԾȥԺһҪúøһ
ûô£ǰߵ½ǰ΢ͷ뱧һ¡
䵭ģЧͼӰ
½ĶһӾͺˣ⡭áðɡ
Ǻϲ
ѲԼ
½ôģô˳ǲһͦģ
ֱ̧Ķ˲佩סˡ
Σ֣ϵıƺΡ
½ɫ仯Сʵ㲻ôİ
ɨһۣ¡
½ɴ۾ܲɣ

۵̾һ
½²״æ·ڴһġ
ǰǣɫ΢΢һ㡣
½ܿģǶŽİɣһһֱġңԺҪʲôҶ㡣
⻰ƺ⣺ʲô
½صͷȻ
ӣҪģˡ
ôᣬ˵
½ԼʲôǲܸģֻҪҪһ취
ʼղϸ
½΢ôһᣬִܿԺ˶һҪʲôȻҲ֪ġ
˻ȥʱǶ
ֻСЩ͵Ľͨ򲻻ᡣ
ϳ֮ǰ֪ͨ˺ԡ
˶½ڵòУȫΪš
׼䣬ӹȥ͸ͷϡ
ˮҳԱһƿȪˮ˳㻹һѡ
ȵˮʼѣ޲ι
˻ͦģô˵棬΢е㲻ڣ׼ԼȥѣԼɡ
½ȴһӶ˺ӣôԼʱˣҪúϢС

аɣͦжġ
Ƕһ£ǶµĿһֱûƿãǸŮðżĹ⡣
ȥʱǶ±ץ˰Щ˼ƿߡ
գû˵½ֻһһŵذιԼ
Ѻеˡ
⼸춼ûôϢá
ֻǱأ˯Ϯ
֪ԱĵˣǷԼ˳˯С
ʶеһ룬Լͷƺ½ϣֻҲûеô˯˹ȥ
ôһ˯½ԼϵҶһ¡
֪ʱ϶ˣ°ˡ
һ·ϣʱʱأ½ҪСͷһۣ˯ôˡ
ǶУŮҲ˯˹ȥѵļϡ
ĳһ˲䣬½ǸĿӴˡ
ǸͶһǶͬˡĿ⣬˼Ϊѿ϶Ҫึһ㡣
ʱܺ˵½ͻȻǲ£ֻǺѡ
ǻǹ˯ѹ
ǸǾˡ
ȷֻǺѣ
ô»᣿
ϣǵ˼ҡ
½һ·ͻ˼ſڣ뿪֮ǰ˵Ŷ
˵仰һʱп֡
ǰʱ䣬ôȣȲ
ڣڿٴμˡ
á
ͷݡ
Աһңʱڿ
ĵһۣͺۿ˵ʱǿˡ
ıӦñԼĺӣû뵽ͷȴԳһС
뵽Լۡ
̫Ӧֳ棬ֻܾŵ˵û¡㲻Ҫˡӽһ
áͷ
ĸ˵ɢ
¿ʼѧ£˼𶯡
ȾÿѧУſڵЩŮٴγ½гʱһ໽С
ǵڻˣԺֿԴ۸ˡ
˽Һ󣬸ˡ
ǰ˼룬ҿʼࡣ
ѧڻˣ
˵ҪתѧǶˣǼٵġ
жԺҵĵطˣ
ߵλԣ˰
ϲģǶôһԹ
̧ͷһۣ˵ʲô
ץ񣺡֪ҪŻ˵ͻҺ½һѧ˰
û˵ˮ½պˣЦ˵ҵгרŶ
̣
Ϊʲôÿ춼һ𰡣
ôл᣿
̷߷ƽ׼Լλⲻһɨ
ȻͶԭء
ɴӣ½ϵɫӡ
֪ôأʶؾϿһۡ
Ϊ·ǵĶУձƫ
ϵӵסˣֻһɫ
ϸܾͺˣϸĻܿġ
̵ĴԵˡ
ԣڡһˣ
½˵Ҫúòһ˵ʹȥ߼ÿζһˡ
ʾˣһֱ֡
죬һҴ󷹵꣬װ޿ŵһز̻ԻͣŴʯò͵ĵطǿġ
½ɻæ͵װ޿ţɫͦģ֪ܶʿò͡
;Ҫĺ̡
΢΢̾һԺѧУʳó԰ɣʡʱ䣬һ˷ѡ
½ͬԷôܽ˷ѣ
˵Żܿ챻Ա쵽һ
ͬʱһȺҲ߽ꡣ
ǲҪǽգôҲҪһӡ
ܸǴֱʰ
ǣҪǸܸĻֵطѣ
治µЦţʵﶼڵѪȻỹҪһˣҲ֪ҪȥǮ
ʱиͻȻ˵ܸ磬Ǳǲ½
ڷţʶظſ˹ȥȻ½
˲Ͳƽ
ϣҶǸʵϣ½ֱһһ¡
ղƷĵط½ˡ
οϴھƻϻ˳³ɺһϣӲˡ
½Ǳߡ
Żûϣܿע⵽½ŵǸˡ
ģһЦģ
ؾˡ
ʱ½˰ᣬϴּȥ
תתӣһȺ೯ȥ
м̧߽ȥ
һ¡
ոеԶ̫壬ǿ
û뵽ôÿ
ν൱£һǡôβǿ룬ǹˡޱʱ򣬿е䣬̧ʱŨܵĽëͬһСˢһֱֱˢϡ
ǹҲģ˲ͻ⣬ڳһӵļƣǰû
ӻȻ˵Ļ⡣
Űͽ½ǰͽ˭УԼҲǸѡ񰡡
Ժ൱ŵؿ
ǵû⿴һۣɫˣ˭
һҭΪһصƣ˶ȣ˵½ʲôãءұСȤú˿ģҪǣֻҪӦңÿ¶һ顣ôһ£
϶ֱ䣬ʵǮۿѧ϶ջͻԹϹҪȻ½ʲô
뵽ѾеȲˣڴϿ϶ر̼
û뵽һ룬ǰĲˮõϣˣһ𣿡
ˮյϵģš

ʹһ͵վ
ļ״æҵֽˮ
ܸ磬û°ɣ
ܸ磬ҪҪȥҽԺ
һѻӿ˸ˮļˣҧгݵָ߸˭½ת㲻ҪǮھ͸㣡
˵ţִӿڴһ˦ϡ
Ҳʼ塣
Ҫܸ翴㣬ķ
ǣѧҼˣ治ɫ϶ֿ˰ɣ
ǿһǮأϽţܸǸԺúõźܸ磡
ɫԽԽ䣬׼ʰǰ⼸ɵһ١
ʱ½ˣ˺˲ŭô⣿
˵꣬ĵǱ߿һۣúõλϣû¡
ֻһ뵽Ⱥ˵˵ʲô½սȭͷ
һ½ͷۡ
ھƻϣ½һƿȥȥҽԺ˺ü롣
ֻʱ¶ӣҲ̫ˡ
˹˵ôѣһֱ㣬ؾΪ˴ǮҺĸһʲô
½սȭͷʲôʸǮǶǮˣ
Цһ㵱ɵأұȲǮǴ´࣡˵ˣҪǮĻƨɺ𣿲Ϊֵô˵ˣǺЦ
ۺúÿ
һ룬½߷ߵشԼȡǮȻ৵һſлһŲ޶ĺڿ
ЩһԵطǰ˵ЩǮģ˭Ǯ
£һȺɵˡ
˵ǱǮˣǵĸĸˣҲһһóôǮ
½һŭ⣺˵ô˵ˣ
ǺһʲôҲ˵ֻоԼۡ
ʱһԱŽѯһ£ոյĶ̫ԣʲôҪ𣿡
½ָ˵޹Ҵ˵İᣬ£Ӱò̰ͣǸϳ꣡
Żع˵ƾƾʲôҲò͵ġ
ѾųˣͣȻỹҪһˡ
ҪǾôرˣӴ˻ʲôˣ
ֵطķԱԶϳ½½ҵĶүð˭Ȼһ
Ǳдȡ
ǣԱƣ˵뼸λ뿪꣬ϣҾֻܽбˡ
㡭
Ҫ˵Աߵһæֹܸ磬ȥ
ҧֺµȻıȥֻ÷߷ߵ뿪ˡ
徲
Ա½ǱǸ˼λò͵£һϰɨɾķҲλۡ
½ȥ𣿡
ո£ûԷ
ԣΪʲôԣ
ʵϣûжٲ
һЩ޹ؽҪ˶ѣֵû˼
Ҫ½ûмʱ֣Ҳһ¡
գ˻ǳη
ʱеĿ½
½֣ûҡ
ǮԼһġ
ֵݸ̫ˡҪȱǮõĻ϶˵ġ
һֱ֣½ֻý˹ðɣǵȱǮʱٸ
ʱͻȻ˵ˣӽ쿪ʼһѧϰɡ
⻰̫ͻȻ½һʱӦʲôѧϰ
ͷԡ
½ʵͦƽʱϿֻ΢һ£¿ҵʣʱ档
ˣܿҡ
΢໨һ㾫ѧϰϣ϶
ʱ½ü۶Ҫѧ𣿿ҶѧϰĲȤ
ǸȤѧġ
ǡ
ѵ㲻ͬһѧ𣿡
밡½Ȼġ
ͱڿʼѧϰ˶˵ң㲻һֱ֪Ұ˭𣿡
½䶼ˣ˭
´¿ֻҪǰҾ͸㡣
л˵
һͷǷСǹ
İ
ʱ࣬AУݣֿקһ·˳˳ˮֱоʵһѧܡ
ѧӦǣͬǹϵУ԰񣬳ɼòʵҲ££˵ġ
ʱǸ⡣
Ӧ൱˳ۡӦǱ洿ʵпȫǺڵģһһë
ʱò׿һûʼ׷ͱӦǽȵǡ˵Ĺϵ˲ˮ𣬳ͷ
ʱ߷߲ƽȥ˾ưɣߺȾƱ߷ģһҪݺݵر
һҹᱳʹԱ߾Ȼͷ
ʱĬ룬ŭӦǣɱ㣡
Ӧһ޹סʱʵѧѵ㸺𣿡
˵ſĻϲɺȴ
ʱࣺ
˭˭𣿣
ڶҧƨⶥԼ
Ӧ¶һЦð´Լʲôʱ򣿡
ʱࣺ
Ķʾ²и磬˼˵
̲Сǹܣ
л֧֣


35 
ҿĺͷ
ǰ
ǲζԼҪһٷҲУ
½ʼּۻۣǰҲ̫ˣǰʮва
նС
½̽˵һûô죿
ûһúúŬ
½˲ü
ôоԼһ̤أ
ϡ
صҺ󣬾׼½ѧϰϡ
һִǿˣ󣬾ͻȥ
׼ϵĹУûѡ
Ͼ½ԼҪ˽½ѧϰһ鱡һ
½ѧϰˣ֮ǰƽʵ̫࣬һֱû
ȫȫض¡
ѧƣűظ½ѧϰϡ
Ūѧķžͱˡ
ȥš
ϵΧȹһؿ֮ǰգûڼңһ볤棬ԡ
á
ߵǰʱϰڷһ
һ档
߲ˣһ嵰˴лܺá
ӣڲǰһڡ
̽ʵоô
شܺóԣлл衣
˲ۺЦ⣬ؿ档
ûƽǵƽ͡
ڶϰ
ѧϰø½ʱֻ׼ѧʣµļҲᲹϡ
½źϣе㷢Ҫհ
š·Щֻǻ֮󣬻мǿ档
½ŵõɴ۾Ҫﵽʲô̶Ȳأ
һ£ش𣺡ѧҪﵽһһСʶĵز
½һҾ
ҪһҲֻǰˣܱ֤ÿⶼԡ
½Ѿÿʼˡ
ѧϰĺѰ
ǰ;ÿζܿ߰ٶ֣رȵԼѧϰʱָо
տʼѧϰ½סǶͿʼ
Ҫôתʣʶ챻תˡ
һɨȥʲô
½ŵñʶˣûûʲô
ڲŷ֣ͦġ
Īе㵨
½ȳȥһвУ
ʱߵſˡ
½磬ߣȥ򣡡
½磬컹
½ǴһкȻ۰Ͱ͵ؿȥ򣿡

Ķ֪֮˶Ѫڵ״̬һڿθ뾲
½ＸˣĲ𣿿ĺ۰
㲻ۡ
ۡ
㲻ۡ
½ίͰͣðɣҲۡ
ֻóſڵǼ˵ҾͲȥˣһ򡣡
⻰󣬼뿪ˡ
ʱ½ͼѧϰҲҪݽϰа
˵ôʺϤأ
͵ػǰ˵ʡ
ѵʱԤı
½ˡ
ûı飬͵Ļڶ߶ˣӱŬ
½ȡԼɣҿѧ쿪ʼвУ
һۣأ
½Ծش𣺡С
֪ͺá
һ磬ϲ⣬½λû
һ˶оȡ
½ʲô̼ˣȻʼѧϰˣ
ǰҺžֻѧһѧϰȻһˣ治ϰߡ
С׼½һϷģѧϰ½Ҳû˼š
ʵϣ½λѧϰ˼ûĿϡ
ûһ̲ͣѧϰϰߣо궼ˡ
ĵƳһֺۣרĽһ⣬ûп
һϲСشӿڴֻ
սԱǵˣʲô
½ŵֻˣʶһ˳͵ҡֻ뿴һʱ䣬жϿΡ
֣û
ôֻ֪ģ
ĽڣڰϷǹһ𣿡
½ֱ׳ϲԼֻϵġ
ǿûУ
ˡ
˾ͼѧ
½
ˡ
ֵһӻҪð
ôԼһ춼ȥأ
ڽѧ¥Ѳߣֻǰʱ⼸Ȼ˲١
ԭܼ򵥣ıѧֻˡ
ÿڸ߶һĽҴһӰԼͷïܲ١
죬ɱ̵֣һ࣬׼һ
Ȼûйʱλѧϰ
ˣ׼뿪ͻȻﻹһѧϰӰ
³ſȥ
ֻ½ҲλϣűڲݸֽддӦ⡣
סˡ
ʱҪ֪ͨ£Ӱ칫Ǳ˹
סʦǰ½ʼѧϰˣ
Ҳ￴һۣͷϿεʱͷˣǱ֮ǰ治١
⻰οر뿪ˡ
δڰ
½ʼѧϰˣȥ
·ѾѧУΪһѧǿУһ졣
ôǿȵѧϰһܡ
죬½ֵ÷·𼴽ɳӵС
غ첻ϿΣԷһ°ɣ
ѧУĽѧźйɣһ죬ֻһż٣ʱ䶼ҪϿΡ
ʵʱ½ʮ
ʵ̫ϸˣûɽԼò׵ķʱҲᱻᡣ
ͣ±ʣڴ½һۣ˿ڣԡ
Ͼ½ҲǸտʼùѧϰ򲻴ȫʱ䡣
ȵ֮ӦˣҲ׾ӲС
½֪Ѿڹ滮ˣ̵̫ˣȥʲôɣ
һ£漴˵ȥݰɡ
½ȵ㲻¹𣿡
ϴοƬʱס۾ҿ
ôηȥ
²Ҫȥ
˵꣬ɨ½һۣɫ
½ûע⵽񣬵˵ͷҲŶµĻȥ˾ûˡ
˵ʲôԶظҺɡ
ڶ죬Ҳ
½˹ݡ
ͬеĻˡ
СΪǰţ½˳ˡ
̺Ϊʱ˵Ҫȥݵ£ȱһֻøһȥݡ
ôţһ˺ƺƵƱĵط
ڵƱĹУ½ǲѾʼˣ
ɫشȴǣţ¡
½൱İɣȻһ㡣
һǵĶԻʲôʱ¹ˣÿκһ𿴹Ƭʱ򲻶治ɫ
׼תͷ˵£ԶԶվһԡ
˲䱻תעƽʱӦѾǰ½
ô£
һ˫ֻصţ½ϸɨһۡ
úϵӶڵסˡ
֪˿ĵط˴һֲΪ֪档
ܿ죬Ʊ߽˹ݡ
һȥΧ˲䲻һˡ
ǻ谵ĺɫƹ⣬֪Ĵʱм紵ֳʪ

Сֵ;һ
Ѿˡ
ȥѰӰͼҵͬˡⲻ֪һȺУһ¹
ͬʱ鵭վ
½£ڡ
ȵһؾһ飬ͨһڿֲİ
̺ƶ¹һȣֱ˹ȥ
߻ۣ׼˵npcǸÿʼˡ
С֡
ŲͣС֣ءһ˵·ͨȥ
С۲ҽš
˵׼͹һһЩ
ֵܿ½ˡ
ԱŲһץס½֡
˵¶ͨ˴˴ݡ
½һ٣Ī˼ġ
ס֣ǰһ
½߱Ĵй
npcԶԶؿ˹ˣ˽䡣
һ۾Ϳĸ¹
Ȼúһں
½ǣǰš
һĵطͻȻԱ߳һͷɢŮ
ŮץˣҵذţҪߣҡ
˵һƹ½͵صǰ
ߵǰÿͷ¶һѪģ
С
ôضţ߲ûУޱ´ۡ
Ů
Ӻ
ôò̫һѵŴˣ
׼ˣʱ½һӳǰ׼
Ů
ȵȣ
㿴λŵ˵ӣ
һ룬ʱضһ£ﲻ˵ˡ
½øʵˡ
Ů
аɣǸ˾ͺá
ƽµͨ˰
˰󣬼һһĵط
ǵһˡ
ǰһӣÿ˶Ҫȥҵĵߴͨسɹ
Ϊֹ֮以മͨÿ˽ȥ֮ԵĹǲһģҪҵĵȻҲһ
һصѶЩǿˡ
첻µزµŮӽȥˣŵɫеҰס
ǿⲻ£Ǹոǹ̫ˣĳӡ
ơӴһ̽㣬ȻҲ³ӣ󲻳
׷򣺡˵һԣҾͲŮ𣿡
ƺ㶼ȺȥȻˡ
ǵıֶܲ
㣬Ǹ
̳һ´ĴָУԣţƣ
ֵСˣ˲㵱ſˣҿԲȥ𣿡
һѣȥѡ
СصؿŽȥˡ
ͬమͬô
ʱ½ĵؿҪȻһȥ
ʵûסҧѵǵɵĿ
Ҫܻܲϰ
ҪɱǣǶλˣ
ʱشû£ҿԡ
Ǻðɡ½ֻ˵Ƚȥ˵ĳ̶ȣҲиο
½һ߽䣬žԶˡ
Ĵһ·䡣
ⷿ䲻󣬴ʮƽףܰ˺ܶһŴ
ʱϾһЧױĹ
½˹һۣȻٿһۡ
ڴϵĹ
һֱҸ
Ͻ㲻ȥô㣿
ڹͷԵʱ½жˡ
˹ȥȻԱߵıӸǵ˹ϣô죬һ⣬϶ɡ

ͻȻøжô£
ҪҪ˰
ֱ½ҵŵ߳ȥˣŻعȵȣûʼأ
½̸˵УûкˣȥӦÿԡ
һͷ߽ӡ
źܿϣĵƹҲ谵һһģһЩ֨ѽ֨ѽĿֲ
ΣԵһװĹ
ڴߣһʽĴ£ͺͷϻһͷ
ĿǸͷ϶һ¡
ʱŮ͵ƿ˸ͷһ˹ֳָֺ
ˣʱôҲһ
վԭأûжһ£ޱ¡

˵ʲô
ǹ磬м͹µ
ϵĺͷҡ
ֻ˵ΪʲôҪ㣿
ؿһۣҪôҪô

֮ذеĸͷݸ
ͬһʱ̣½ļ١
ôûıŵ˰ɣ
Ҳǵģô¹϶Ѱ
½ԽԽģʼǱߡ
Сּ״½ͬʱȥģȻҪһͷ
ҪΪԭŲһ˵ȥ
½ԥӾͼӰɡ
ӳͷҲһ𣬵ʱͿԱˡ
˵ţ½˵ľУһűߵİťŴ򿪺˽ȥ
űˣʣ
Ǹ춯صֵ鰡
ڣ½սȥʹԭء
ʱǸnpcѾͨ뿪ˡ
ֻһڡ
ô˶ڴߣͷϸһͷ
һʱŴ»֮ҹɷƿͷӡ
½ɻźһ
𣺡š
½ʵȥ𣿡
ʱ˵ұŵˣҲͷ
Ҫǻ˵½϶š
⻰˵ЧԲһһӾˡ
Ͼûһ̻ɹ
ң˵ˣҲǶԵġ
½Ļ󣬹ԹԵߣţоҪһ㡣
߽ˣĪе㷢ǡҰŶ
š
õĿ϶𸴺½ʼ
˫֣ץס˸ͷǣỺϿʼҡ
һһ㡣
أ°¶˳
Ȼ͡ӡ
¶Ưӣ˳ĽëԼβǿ롣
ʱ̧½
䣬ǡ
˵Ŀڿн㡣
ɲǼ䣬½ᶯˡ
ԼǲǱĳֻʩˡ
ȻôоԼĴڣֻõء
룬ôô˰Ŀһֱȥ
½һ̣Ͻߡ
ʱڶˣ½һѽͷⶪһԣڸоöˣʼɡ
áõġ
½˵ˡ
òףҵŵ߳š
⣬εĸ˿ǣһ
Сǵǣѧ½磬Ҫȥһͷ
˵˵;¡
ܳͷȴû˵һҲеֵֹġ
ɫ䵭ǿʲô
½һӣҲ֪ʲô̼
ɵʱǺܶݡ
ܿ죬ǾͲòʰһȻѧУϰ
½̾һӢţôѧȥ᲻
һۣᡣ˷ʱˣҪЩϰⶼɡ
½Ŀǰصȥѡ˼ʺϰⱾ
֮ȷһϰⱾеһЩĿ½ֻԵϰ⣬Խʡܶʱ䣬Чʸߡ
СֿʮĽ
꼶һר˭Ҫ
Сؿ˼ۣûסҲת˵ѧҲúѧϰˡƽʱܲҲ鷳Ҹһ°Ҳ̰ģֻҪҽ⣬˳ָһҵС
ĴȻܺ½һ
ⷽ棬֪֮ͦġ
ԣػظһ㡣
ллѧ񣡡
С̵תȥ
ʱͻȻ뵽ʲôһԻڴϷ㣬ʵͬҪҪҲһѧ㿴½綼ʼѧϰˡ
ͷҲ̧ѧ
СûȰ
һϷ棬һӢ۾Ȼ³һƤ
˲ֻظԼֻһ־Ϳʼѧϰ
Ȼһϰ
½ǰͷϷģ˲ˡ
Ҳ档
˵Ϸж񫣬ֻǴϷְѧϰֻпơ
ǣջǿסԼ
ô˼ѧϰϣܹ
Ȼѧϰͦġ
½ù˲ݸֽǿԼоʼһѧ⡣
ЩֵĽһŵʼλѧϰһصķ羰ߡ
ôһü졣
ٿۣ½ˣÿ춼˯߲㣬·˯ȥ
һԺȦŵ׻ж߿
߿ԺһҪʹ棬ȱʧĿֶ
ϣ½ƣص˱
ǡɣĺ½趼ڡ
һı飬½ûסʵôˣ
½ûʲôؽ͵Ŭѧϰ
⻰󣬺Բţģܼ𣿡
½粵ôˣҶѾʮˡ
ĵǻɣģ
½
΢е㱻ǰĿͶ½裬ͼһϿɡ
½軹ûлعʲô㿪ʼѧϰˣ
½
Ϊʲô
ѧϰʮ찡
ÿ۵һſڿ϶˯ȥĳ̶ȡ
½ˣ϶ͣͨʤһ
֪ǲ̫˵ԵʣеίûǸͣһ䡸ǲžˡȻ¥
صԼҺ½һˮоֻ˹
οԼҲûʲô˵ġ
粻ҲԼǰҲѧϰǲɵġ
֮ͨ½ǰóһԾ
һʼ˻ؼѧϰ͵ʵʱ˵ԼѾˣֻûѧУѡ
ڣѾܹɣҵڶȥˡ
Ȼ̻ǼΪʹ
ʱԾſţ˯ˡ
˯
Լ۾ˡ
ſ˼ӡ
͵ֱ塣
У˵˽꣬ȥģԶš
ң˯һҲʧʲô
Ҳÿ춼ؼѧϰһСʱ˯
һ뵽Լ˿ͬ£½˲٣ùʿʼ
ѡ⡣
ʱš
½ûſѧϰ
ʱ½ƿһ϶˵ûֱӽ˰
½һûֹ
½󣬷½ѧϰһ˲ܿ죬ϵı飺ȣǸոҺ費Ǹ˼㲻Ҫȥ
½û˵һĬĺס
½߹ȥϣ½Ĳż˵ǰһ㶼ѧϰôʼѧˣ
½ڿϻشˣҪͬһѧ
½裺
аɣӦòµˡ
½ͻȻ仯ôûĹͣ
ʱ½˵ңӦңҿǰ͸һ¡
½е棺ʲô£
ò̲סܵˣҪˣ
½ߵǰɣƫ㡣
½裺
еûţһˡ
л˵
±׼ŵµģǰųֻٸ
Ժ̶ÿŵ£ǣôôա


36 
Ϊʲôҿ
ڶϰ
½ǰһԾݸ飬̵һһžŶ
һı飬ĺ
Լ½ˣٺ٣ǵȻֻҪԸģҶ
ӹԾʼϸϸؼ飬ȶԴԼĻҪ档
½ʵô
ͷ
ֲԾѶȱͲ󣬱ˮƽС
һŬġ
½ûԼľӣǰǰһۡ
⻹һѧԾϵĿ
ǰʱֱӾЩˡ
֮е㼤
һѧϰ˲Сĳɾ͸С
Ȼɾ͸Ҳ赲һӿ˯⡣
 εʱ½С
Ŭ۾̨ϵʦȻԺģоһֱ˯ȥˡ
ڿΡ
ʦСһ󴮶󣬿ʼںڰϰ顣
ʱѾſºü
½Ҳ˯
һԥУֱӾſ˯ȥˡ
ڣ
ǱƳһۣܲ˯ʮӰ
ĿӺڰƵϣֻ˵֣С
½ƤӶڴܣĺ
˯̵ֱĿ̡
һһ붼Ѱ
վò֪Ͽεһӣ¿Ҫʱֲ𣿡
ۼ棬½ٷֻԼŬѡ
·һôã¿ʦ漴߳ҡ
˲ſһ롣
½Ȼһһ˯
תͷ˯ȥģþƲĿ⡣
ô½ȻҲۡ
ǣֻҪһ룬һжܸá
ԣ
½üӣΪרע
½˯ŵģƽʱû̫Ĳͬ
˲ʲôʱüĿչģ΢䣬Ц⡣
˿ˣҲűá
գƿĿ⣬óһҪõĿαʼԤϰ
һʵȥ
ڵԷʱˡ
ǰ½Ϣʱ䣬ûô⣬ϾϿʱҲû̫ͬ
ڲһˡ
һ磬Ͽλ¿εʱ䶼ѧϰռˣʱͱ
һʳȥ
ʱУſڡ
һɫͣ
񳵵ĺһԼʮˡ
úܺãȻһͣǲû¶ºۼֻ۽΢һЩ·
ʱǰŵ˾½ܣҪȥҶٰ
½ΰŶȣڳڿƤλϣֲزŪָϵĽָ˿϶Ĵ𸴣Ҫȥ
Ѿ뿪ˡ
ĻȻ̼ʣˣǻ̰ͥů
һֱѰһ½ҵ
ǰʱԼĴͶؼ˵飬Ƕ޹
½ΰԼȥҺġ
Ȼ˵е㶪ͦġľǵ͵Ůǿ˷񣬳ģϱһ档
½ΰߵȥҴ½裬һ뵽½Ҳ̳һβı죬ֻա
ôһҵģֻʣ½ˡ
½ɱ˺˵ˣƢҲֻҪ΢ңܲȡͬġ
˾½ΰߵĻЩĵһ䣺ȷҶ𣿡
Ҫ֪շǼµʱ½ǷӦһ
½ΰгЦһ֪½˭ú𣿡
˾һ㶣˭
½ΰߺϾػشһ
仰صȻڡϡ
˾ˣ˵
ʱͻȻһֻ½ΰߵġ
ͨ󣬵֪һҪĺ̴ظˣҪع˾ԽӴ
Ҷϵ绰޲źض˾˵ˣȻع˾
һߡ
½ʳó극½ҪȥС
վſڵ
ʱ̺ͼһŮ
̸ʣ¼˵һ󣬾ֱ
ߵǰֱ˵Ҫ㡣
һۣʲô
̿һΧûˣ˵ҿ½
⻰治ɫؿԣ
ҧʣǲһ˰ɣ
֮ʣǶĸһһأǻл᣿
ûʲôʲô
̼еȻҪˣҺҪҪҪ׷½
֮󣬻ش㲻üˡ
̣
һһٵҶ½ڱصá
⻰̵һһʱ˵
⻰ŨŨռ
ϲ½ϲ𾪵ĳ̶ȣ
ƽʱȫԣϸƺôһЩ˿
̰һԼǡ½֪𣿡
ƽʱϵôܣĶ޲һ𣬶Ҳеɣ
ֻҲûģ½ͬһ㣬Ϥ˶֪Ҫ֪ϲ˵Ҳһ
ûٻش
ҲʶȤûʡ
ĵ𾪣תȥ
ţͷһۣôվ
Ҳϲһˡ
½ˮպÿȥıӰ
һƿˮݸ˳ʵôﰡ
ӹˮǲһˡ
ۿȿȡ
½պһˮͱǺסˣ˺һŻôôǣ
˵ʱıѵñƽʱ˼֡
ֻǺѶѣôͻ᣿
Ҫᶨغǵ飡
һ½ɫӣĿڵЦѡո¡
ץƿָʶؼӴ˼ȡ
òײſסԼ
Ŷ½е£ѡ
˾ô˼ػص˽ҡ
ʱ仹ʮӡ
óֻʼƵ
ƽʱֻҲһЩϷ֮ġ
ھȻڿƵ˾ú档
½˹ȥʵڿʲô
û˵ֻǰֻмһ㡣
һװ硣
ʱƵڲŮ׵ƬΡ
ú󣬵˶鼤ؽҿŮĸͷ
½۾΢΢ɴһЩô뵽
ش𣺡ΪҲҹͷ
˵꣬βɨȥ½
乴˵Ŀ˲½ȥݵ¡
죬ڻ谵ķ˶ڴϣ߹ȥҿĸͷ
һ뵽½Ķ৵һ¾ͺˡ
Ҳٿرߣ˼֡
رƵĿתض½Ϊʲôҿң


37 
벻
ͻȻ⣬½
Ϊʲôҿ
½ԼҲ֪
ֻǵģһ򲻶ͣһҪըˡ
ֱͻԣƺЩܲס
½Ĭ˵һ뷨
ԣ½˵ʲô
½ƮģҲ֪
һ˲ͣؼʣҷҪһأ
ҡ
ϸ˵
ҡҾǡǱʵüˣ½ЩãȻ޴֯ԣҲû˵һĻ
վôţ˰ӡ
գˣֻʶѡ
ļˡ
ʱ½еز仯ôʧ䣬϶ǿ˵ġʶѡ
½еĽ
Ҫ˵ʲôġ
ʲôҲ˵
ΪȷԼҲ֪ԭ
ʱΪԼѸеʲôأˣ
½ģˣû£㲻Ҫˡ
½񲻿ġ
ûС˯ʱ䵽ˣ˯ɡ
ðɡ
½ʵڲ֪˵ʲôֻùԹԵſ˿ϡ
˯ʱһ㶼˯ŵģԿ˴˵
½Ҫһ˯ţһֱۿֱȷѾ˯ȥˣŰĵر۾
Ӧûɣ
û˯ž
磬Ͽʱ˳˼¿¡
ʱһƬ
ǰɣҪˣҼǵϴδҲûȥð
޾ĿԵʲôʱŽ
ҵĿԽһҼҵļëӾóˡ
׿ˣ֪ˣƽʱѧϰʱȥˣڻʱп࣬ϸ֮󣬾֪ʲôĿˡ
½ż¿Ϣϲǲΰ롣
һ棬Ӧ¿ǰ֮󣬾͸˭
һ棬ȷԼܲܽôȻʱǱȽŬģһһٶ֣Բһ׵¡
뵽תͷȥ۰Ͱ͵ڽǰ£û𣿡
ɨһۣûС
½
üŶ
ͬʱ½ʼѧϰ飬ѾڸȦﴫˡ
ȥġ
Ǻ½ˣϢһ紵ݶ֪
¸մȦʱ򣬾һ䶯
Щ󶼲ѧѡҵ֤
Ҳȥ˹ڵЩУ
еʱǺġ
Ǳͼ½ǸǮڻʼŬѧϰˣּʾ͸һ¥
Ƿ·Ѿδ½ԶԶ˦һصĳôҲҪʲô
ϣ½ϴ裬˳ùֻˢһ¡
û뿴˺üȺڰ
һЩȦȺ
½ûӹЩȺһȦģⱻ˭ȥˡ
ƽʱȺϢǰصʱ򣬻ܿ
½˳ֵȥһ
ʱĵûȡ
½ôûȺ˵@½
˼½ôǮôƵЩˣ˵ˣŬѧϰ¸Ʋˡ
˵½ô棬Ҫ廪Ǳ󰡣@½
˵˼뿼ȥأ½ٵݣ
ҵҪܿʲô
½ЩϢ
Щǹ֣ԼѧˣѧϰҪ
ݺݵشһֳȥ԰ҾǱǮһŬǲǺǣ
ȥͰֻһԣٿĻظˡ
ֻҲû˲ͷ顣
ɴëһԣùһӢﵥʿ
ҲҪ֤Щ˿ԼҲôġ
ֻҪ뿼Ҳܿóɼ
ܿ죬ּˡ
ϰѧʱ½˵ҪԾҼһң
Ծ½ˣϢ𣿡
˭涨ҪϢˣϾ¿ˣ㲻ǰˣ
½ıۿɼĵˣһֻܾôһϢʱ䰥
οԾͿϢˡ
½׼ȡıǰҪ˵Ļʻ˶Ŀڵ˵Ժְҵ᲻ǽ̵ΰ

ʱ俼ҵְҵҪʲô
½üš
ҲŶԾϻҪȥѧУϰֻʣһˣһҪúðס
˼һһȥѩô
Ƕ죬ǻѩļڡ
кüѩľ㣬ȥܷ㡣
˵ͷȥȥɡ
ڶ졣
˰Լ׾ӡ
һѩ㡣
Ǻܶ࣬ʺϳѧ
½СѧͻỬѩˣǵһ
½·ȥƱ˻ѩ尲ȫñȡ
װߵ˻ѩĳء
Ĳ˵ֱѩصΧǵһЩɰɫ⣬ʣµȫǰס
ĿҲ˿˿ģĿ
Żѩ壬ͷһۣҪôã
㡣
½ȥʼЬԼ̶ѩ塣
˵ֵ൱ۣ˲˺ü˵ע⡣
ԱŮ·߿һۣ˷ܵ뿪ˡ
Χܰѹ͵˹
ѩüˣû뵽ô˧磡
ؼǵƺŶæЬʲôģ̫̼ˣ
˵˼Ҿһء
˵Զȥ
һ½
ʱ½ڼĻѩ壬棬ողûЩ
һж׼ú½ֻȶһҸо
ǰһ¡
˫Ŵ˻ѩװ󣬺ƽʱ·ĸоȫһʮֵıء
½ʮĵָȴ¶ȵ͵ĵطʼѧȻҪǰ㣬ϥһ㡭
ѧԣһҪ֮󣬳ǰȥ
һγɹ
½˸߲ҵΪƣû̫ˣ
ͣתͷһ̵ۣĺð
˵⻰ʱ΢΢Цһ£˸ϸĹ⡣
½˲˽ࡣ
ΪʲôԼԽԽԾ˰
ƫƫ벻ԭ
˰СʱѾ˻ѩļɣܹػС
½ǲ˵ַֻϣԱεľ̾
ĳһΣ˻ѩԵĵطûʲôˡ
úúõģ֪ôأƺĳһ˻صȥ

½һ
æ˹ȥеؿû°ɣûˤۣ
ҡһͷû¡
ڵû
ǰ鷢ЩңͰ׵Ƥѩӳ֮£Ǻڷ⡣
½Щ
ʱһѩ촽ϣһ¡
ѩˣ촽Щʪ
һһɣ֪͹ȥʮ롣
ѩ׷ϡ

ѩУһ½
½Щô
һһٵ벻ң


38 

⻰½˲סˡո˵ʲô
⻰½˲סˡ
ո˵ʲô
ǲԼ˵ʱٴ𣺡𣿡
½
Ȼû
ԶʱһƬհףʲôҲ˵
һ룬ʹ촽Ͽȥ
촽е㱡Щʪĺ졣
촽ȥĻ
½Լһ֣ס
ô
Ȼ촽ȷܺףѣֲֹϵ
һ죬Ŀⶨؿһֲ
˵ŻʱӵɸΪ
˵ľ˲ʮס
½һͨ죬ٴβ촽ȥ
ʱ·Ҫһ㣬ÿһ붼Ϊ
½Щħˣʶضһ£ȺСû
ʱԶм˻˹һֵ
½͵ػعһȥոԼķӦ֣ðˡ
ָ䵭ı飬ץס֣վֱ塣
ʱҲˣѩĳȥ
У֪Щʲô
½ĵתͷȥ
Ŀ⣬ɨô
ûûʲô
½˵ţವһתԴ
Ҫ˵̲סȥ촽̬
¿ˡ
ͷһ죬ڽԵע
½λϣ۾ţûһοôŹ
תͷһۣһصӣôţʱͦùģջӦúܴ󡣡
½ʱȷѧϰ˿๦
ȻһʼǱԹۣҪ͵͵棬ն
ֻҪõѧϰɡ
½սҿǰ
ҪǿĻͲ֪װ˭ˡ
һۣȿ˵
εȷʱܸϣ½ô̵ʱڽǰĿԲǺܴ
ʱ֮ô˵ȻҲҪһߵı׼½Ż㹻Ŭ
ֻԼ½ûﵽĿ꣬ҲĳЩ߸
¿һ쿼š
翼ѧģӢۣɰš
һĿУÿõӺ󣬶ǰɨһеĿж½ɵʲô̶ȡ
ֺܶĿԼ½Ӧⲻ
㣬пĿˡ
һȥѧУԵġ
ȥе·ϣ½˳˵ҾúöĿ졣
Ҳ˵Ц⣺𣿡
ҶѴдȥˣȷܱ֤
˵֮½һۣ̽˵ܸܲϲ˭
һ٣ɼǻû𣿡
֪½۰Ͱ͵ܲܿʱ仹ŬķϣǰҰ
֪ô£ر֪װ˭
ָо֮ǰصѧϰˣڿˣһһ붼Ȳˡ
ͣ˽Ųת½
½ȻҲŶסˣôˣ
¡˵
վš
ͷ·ƷůƵĹ⣬ϡ
ҲƮѩ
ô֣µӣ½ɵҲˣ۾´˵Ļ
ʱ˵ҿһ𣿡
½Ҳû룬̻ش𣺡Ȼ԰
ʵûΪʲôôںҰ˭
½Щˡ
ȷʵû⣬ʶ֪
һֱŴ𰸣룬شΪƽʱһ𰡣Ҫ̸ˣҪֿ
ʣ
½ͷ԰
ҪȻʲôأ
벻
ؿûϲң
˲š
½ĴһƬհס
ѧ¥¥
Сֺǿſϣ¥µѩ
ʱСֿվԶ·µ½½ѧվʲô
ǿ˳߿ȥͬˡ
½վҲ֪˵Щʲô
ַֻ֮ΧرϤ
ǿһ䣬ˣ֮ǰĳһΣȥ˼ϵʱҲ
֮ƺת˿һЩǶӣ˵ðŷۺɫݡ
ǿֱбԼһæͷɢԼĪ˼
˺棬̸ʲôأ
¥¡
½࣬Ǵ죬ȴҪȼһͰ͵㡢ôʣ
ֱ֮ǰܶʱˣֱ
һֻۣವƿߡ
ʱÿ񻰡
ת۵ײǳͷ΢Сȶǡô
½һſóףشΪ֪㵽ʲô뷨
½Ʈţֻǿѡ
ϲ
ûⷽ
õѣԼҪҪˡ
ƤѩĽëϹ䣬漴ٴ̧棺˵
½ЩãѾ˰
˼ǵĴֻǰҵѣ
½ͷ԰Ȼأ
۵׵ã١
У֪ˡ
½Ҫ˵
ʱԶһ𣺡㻹ûؼأãе¡
һ˹ϡ
ָޱ飬һͷá
ۼҪߣ½æ˵ڽҵ㡣
ڰ칫æ˰Сʱ
ؽҵʱ򣬲û½
绰ͷҲûӡ
Ҳûʣˡ
ǰСֻûؼңڴϷ
֪½ȥ𣿡
Сҡͷ͵˵ոһ½磬˵Уſڵȣ½ˡ
ʱѧУſڲԶ
½Ĵ˼ۣûп˭
׼ߡ
ʱ·ԵһɫγͻȻš
½ʶؿȥ
һ룬ɫ˲ѿ
½ΰ³˲ӭԼģе㲻ã˵ͼ½嵽һԵͰԱߣŻ˼
½ΰһ췴Ӧ
˾״æһƿȪˮȥ
òף½ָһЩ
½ΰߣСҡ
˭֪½ų⼫󣬷ʱԶ㣡
½ΰסˡ
ӡУ½Ƣã˭Ϳʱ򣬻ǶԼİ֡
½ΰ߲ŵ˵㿴֣Լְֵģ
½Ӷ񣬺˺ü
½ΰͻȻ뵽ʲô㻹ΪǼųңԼڲҲһ𣿡
һ˵Ǽ£½ֿʼŻˡ
˾״æ½ΰԶ˵㣺½ܣٲ뿴㡣
½ΰΪߣװģ˭ԼڲҲ˻һ𣿡
½˵Щʲô
ΪŻθΪܣ۽ҲһЩԵᡣ
½ΰϢҿһĻ·ָǰ
ʱ½һ
һ壬ȥ½ΰߵİ칫ң׼ǩ֡
½ΰ߲ûڰ칫ңߵϢҴһЩ
½룬߹ȥϢҡ
Ǹ棬ٴΣÿһζ׻
ϢҵĴϣڡ
һ½ΰߡ
ǻ䣬½ˡ
ۼ½״̬ԽԽã˾ܵģæ½ΰߣ½ܣ´ɣҿٺ񲻶Ծ
½ΰ߷ŭ˦һ֣֣ʲô˼ңǸǸҵģ
˾գ˼ܸһ
½ΰߵĹʣҲõֻһȰ½ܣǻȥӳ飬߰ɡ
գ½ΰ߲鲻Ը˳֮ǰΪص½һۡ
һˣװʲôװ
ӳǰȥ
ʮӺ
߳ѧУУſ½
ܿ죬һӿڿ½
߹ȥ
߽ˣŷ½״̬ܲԾ
ʱ½٣һ˫۾ȫѪ˿ǰ
ȫţվվȣһֳǽϣסΡ
һ½ôˣ
˵ţ׼½һ¡
Ȼֻû
½͵طһĿ֣ң
״̬µ½
һĹֱ˲ۡ
ûԼ֣½˵㵽ôˣ
ʱ½оǰһƬģʲôҲ壬ʲôҲֻԼԼؾһҪԼ
ٴŭ𣺡ģ
ͣ˿Ķ
һСʱ
½ص˼
ȻعѾҵĴˡ
֪Լһ·ôģԼǵиһֱ͵˱ſڡ
Ŭ룬ҲûǸ˭
ˣأؼûУ
һ뵽½Դըһ˿
ææùֻ绰
һ˶ѧУ˰ɣ
½żòУֻǱߵĶ
ͨˣǱԷҶˡ
½һҪٴδȥ
ʱһŹ̵ܶļ֣ҵˡ
ţ½еƽ
ôؼҵأ
½е벻ͨ׼ȥѧУʡ
˳㻹ҪǸ
ԼȻȻؼˣôС
½½ΰߵ£ֲʵĸоð˳
ֻǿԼȥ롣
һߡ
½ҵı뿪ص˼ҡ
ɳϵ
ÿϣȵؼ֮󣬲ŻϢ
ϣԡ
ʵƽʱҲû̫ĲһΪĸףһ۾ܿ˶ܳе
Խ̧߿
ԷŵʵСﲻ𣿡
Ĭҡҡͷ
ٴ˵ʲô¿Ը衣
ڳˣɤЩƣûʲôֻǾеۡ
е㵣ģǲѧϰѹ̫ˣҲҪ̫ˣ㿼òһ㣬Ҳûϵ
ÿζõ꼶һ
ĸ׵ģ϶ԺŬ
áشһȻϢˡ
ȥɡ
ص˷䣬ȹźϣȫͻȻʧȥǰһѡ
еۿ΢΢ȣһ룬۾
֪½״̬̫ԣЩǳ⡣
ǣ˭Լôõ˵Ļ޶ԡ
ֻһ㣬Ǹֽˮɵġ
ϣһֱҹû˯
ڴͷָһ֧ȼ̡
òˣЩһֱȥĪܡ
Լеð
ԴеɤҲʹ
ǻ·ϴ磬Ҳ̫֮Ƶģܲ
иðҩȥ
ôðһҲͦõġ
ڶ졣
½˴
һ˻ؼҵ£Ҫˡ
緹ʱ򣬷ζ˳ָҲһݡ
ȻճţûߣյĶš
ѾȥѧУˡ
õҡ


39 

½Ķš
סˡ
ܼ򵥵仰ֿÿֶʶһͱ
½Ӳǰǰ˺ü飬е˼
һȥѧУˡ
Ϊʲô
ܼڷԸӶ飬俴½
½վѩһ
һֱֻҲ֪ڿʲô
ܼҽüŻعͷ
ܼʵүʲô𣿡
ûС½γһ㣬ֻŽ·ڴһг
ﳵñκʱҪ죬ñƽʱһʱϵѧУ
·ϣһֱţ
⣬⻹ͷһûһѧ
ǰ½гһ·˵ŻǰѧУ
һˣÿ¡
½ٶ룬ٶȸϵѧУ󣬼ͣгȻһ·ȥ
˽ſںһʱλϿȥ
ʱһˡ
½סˣͣһġ
仯̫ˣԱߵһ״ʶؽ͵½磬ѧ׽㺰ȥˡ
ϵ˶֪½Ĺϵرãû˿϶ż
½䣬лһȥ
Ҳ֪ԼΪĻţܾﲻ̤ʵ
һѧУȴǰ뿪ˣã޴롣
ʱϵ
ѧ׽㺰ȥǳɼ˰ɣ
ԲۣҪһ죡
ѧУʦٶȱͿ죬һϾ͸Ծûʲôϡġ
糬ɣؼô轻
ֺ˺ܾá
½ƵģλϣĿһֱŽſڡ

һȣһϰȥˡ
½ʵ̲סҪȥ칫ҿһ۵ʱڻˡ
ڽǰŵһ̣½һʱ˼֣ڿ˵ϲãǼеĽš
ıƽʱ˼֣ӣ۵׵ŨܵĽëסܿ塣
½ôһǺ
ȵߵλʱ½ʳ˱һϰ⣺Ϊʲôһ𰡣
ʱ̧һƬ䡣
½ʱһ
ƽʱҲģϻʲô飬ʱԲһ
Ǳ鶼һЩеʱ򻹻ǳǳЦ⡣
ǰ䵭
½ľʱشոյ⣺ҪѧУ
𰸣½΢˼ֻ֣ûг׷Ը˵ǰ¥µžˡ
ˣһȥһгԺǵѧ
˵ŻʱλϣʼҵȻϿҪõĿα
½ȴǡ⡹һֹͣϵЦ⵭ȥ˺üŷΪʲôҪѧ
˵ǰ뿪ˣֻôڣ̡ͬ
ҲգضҪһ𰸡
ö˶˵أΪʲôͻȻͲһѧˣ
˿αҲ˹ֻûгѣҲ
֪½Ȼ֪ﳵҪɣö˶˵أΪʲôͻȻҪԼгˣ
һֱѧѧ鷳
ˣûΪʲô
½ܲһ㣬˵ǲ㲻ϲҵгϻһòãϲ֣һҪ򡭡
г⣬Լˡ
½ԶĻǳ⣬ǲ̫ˣѧʱ䣿òã϶ᵢʱģǻһѧ
˵ڴ۰Ͱ͵ؿĻش
һֻۣ˵ҪϿˣп˵
½һ죬Ҫ˵ǿѾ׼ε״ֻ̬ðסԼе顣
Ȼʱ˼ˣ˽Ʋ
֪ΪʲôͻȻ˵ѧ¡
һڿӢΡ
ʦƪĶ⣬Ȼ
õӺ󣬾ͷĶһҳ
ʱ½һֱԼתͷ˵ңĶ
ߣ½һ˲
ԸˣֻѧϰҲ㹻ˡ
½ͷʼѧϰˣ°ע˾ϡ


ڶ Σ׾ųɼ߽ˡ
һ󰧺
ǰɣɼˣ
ҵ죬ʦǾͲ΢ҶһҲð
ʱ½Ҳý
֪Լôûнǰ
Ǳ߿һۣʱ⣬û̧ͷ
½ֻ÷뷨Ž̨ϵĳס
еĳɼŷһ£˵֪ˣȥˣһǾ仰ҪĽ׶֮һһҪúðסҪÿζǳɼ֮󣬶ݵù죬ȻַˡԾڴˣԼúһ롣
⣬ҪصλͬѧһλȻȻȡ߰ٶֵĺóɼλ꼶һ
һĳɼѾֲˣûмˮǺڶλҪ˭
׽ž˵ڶλҪģ½ͬѧνǳԣ꼶ߡ
½ڰϵԵͺãʱ϶ʱ˴˷ף
԰½磬ǳ񷢻ˣ
½ţƣʱ䶼ѧϰϲɺأ
˼ܿ꼶ߣֻΣ
ڽ̨ϼ˵ʱ½ͬѧжôŬŴҶĿãóɼǹ˵˵еģϣҲѧϰ
ﳳ֡
½ȴһ
꼶ߡ
ԼҪ꼶ǰġ
Сȥһۡ
ȥæͳƳɼ϶Ϳˣ᲻ΪԭʧˣԲŲԸԼ
ɣ½Ҳ벻ˡ
ʱۼͣ˱ʣæ˵Բ𰡣û꼶ǰ塣
ʱҲŨŨĺڡ
ҪŬһͺˣ˵ܳɹ꼶ǰˡ
ҲͲʧˡ
½һɥ
Ҫƽʱ϶˵ʲôο½ˡ
ڲܡ
ǣҲʲôû˵
ܿ͵硣
ʰϵĿαͳȥ
Ҳû½һ
½״æѱһ飬ظȥҪȥʳóԷҪҪȥһҽҰеƣǲǸðˣ
һ磬˵ʱ˺⣬еơ
½һֱȥҩ¡
ԣŲͣǰţá
ǡ̬Ⱥܼ½ֻȷ£ת˵ǽȥĳԷʳ𣿡
½Ȼʧ䣬ǴŬŻ⡣
ۼʼУķߣ½һ㶣ȥʳãҲУ˵һ¿ĲҴȥ
ʱͻȻͣ˽Ų
½֪ʲôҲͣôˣ
䵭Լȥ԰ɣҪҡ
ôУ½żǲһԷ𣿡
ԺˣͰԵʱûҪӲһ𡣡
˻һ½˲ֽűŬһЦΪʲôһѧҲһԷ𣿡
ûʣֻв⡣
ֲԾսɿǸ䵭ҲǸ˼ֻ˵ûҪÿ¶һ
½ܵһֱİΪʲôͻȻͲˣǲΪûпǰԺʧ
ӡ
϶ΪԶ½
ԭȴ˵
ۼ˵½æ֤Ժ϶Ŭģ´ĩԣһǰ
˵ɡУſߣҪȥгԼȥԷһ𡣡
½Ҫȥгʱ֣ȴ޿κΣҲס˲ߡ
ֻһȰҪ𣿲òãÿѧ𣿡
½һİҲؾûɿڣ㲻˵ˣѾˡ
½û취ֻܲʲԸһУгߡ
ܿ죬ߵһгĵط
½װ˵г񶼲ô
Ϊ⻰ٻеԥ
ٶûһ£ֱ˽ȥ
ۼѳɶ֣½ֻ÷Ȱ˵
ѡһɫг򵥣۸Ҳ󣬲١
ϰЦŴС۹治ܶѡһֽǡ
΢ŸͻȻԱߵ½ˡ
˵ţóֻ׼Ǯ
ϰҲ˳ùһӣ΢տ롣
ɨС
׼쵽½ǰȥȻһͱס˶
ϰһ¡
ʱٵɨһ¸룬£˵תȥˡ
Ҳʾ΢ŵԪ
ϰе£ϸɨһۣ˲ѰգУ˾У˭һ
г߳ӡ
½ӦһظҪ⣿
ԼгӦԼǮ𣿡
½ǻز
ô˵ûǲֵô˭㣬˭˳㸶Ǯˡ
ոһҪֵӡ
ֻǮˣپҲûã½ֻ´˾˵ڻѧУʳÿ϶ûˣҪǾУ԰ɣ
ڣһͷشС
½һϲæʵʲôҪȥһϲ˵Ǽһ
̫˷ʱˣԵʲôСɨһΧĵ̣ȥǼҳɡ
½Ȼûʲôɵģ߽Ǽꡣ
λºҪһ棬½Ҫһţ档
ڵȴĹУ½뷽跨˵
ϧǣķӦһֱƽҪôشҪô˵һӦ
½ʧ䣬ǲͼ
ȵ½ʶؾͼеļţ⣬׼зȥ
ƽʱദҲֻҪ½úõģһԵظ
ΣĶֵԼ棬ܾԼԣҪиҡ
½ûջ֣ǿһǣǲմҵĿˮһûù
Ǽֵøҡ
½ڰн˰Σջ˻ȥ
ʧһزŪԼ
Ŭʧء
һ磬ÿʱÿ̶ھܾ
˵ʲôʲôá
˹ϵļת䣬ȴһķһײţҲ޼¡
֪׷ʲô
ΪʲôͻȻͲԸˡ
ţ½ۿһʪŬգգۣǵĸоȥ̧ͷһ㵽ôˣʲô£ҺòãҪҡ
ʱӽһ׾ŵĴкίһֻĴ󹷹
־ɥ
˭˶Ĳ̡
ץеĿӣƽźߣٿ½
ٿһۣԼˡ
Ȼһֻص㡣
ѭòҪĽ
һ¿½ûʲôɣѧУ
һ棬˶ʳʣݲݳ˼ڣѧУȥ
ȵʱԼ˯£½ίһ˲
ƽʱ˯ſڿϣܿ˴˵
ڣһףһ۶Ըˡ
½ίίظſ¡
ûбֻܿһס
СسǱƶһ㣬ֱ˵ĸ첲֣žúһ㣬ۡ
ͬһʱ䣬۾½ĸ첲Լǳǳĺ
תͷȥֲܡ
⻹һŴ˯
ϰߵģֻһˡ


40 
Զ
һܿȥ
ϰ¿κʰһ棬米ţߡ
ӣȫû½һ
½ۼˣҴҵʰԼȥ
ڴ
һǶûô˵ÿͼ˵ʱѧϰֹˡ
Ѿѧˣܿ˵˰ɡ
ǰţ½׷ѩˣ·ܻҪͰгѧУҵĻȥɡ
һԥҲûУϵؾܾˣá
½еʧ䣬˵ʲôѾ߹ȥ׼ﳵˣֻ׿˼æҲȥԼġ
гѧУ뿪ʱ򣬲˾ˡ
ô£ѧҲгˣ
½粻ÿ칲һг𣿡
˸òì˰ɣ
ô᣿ҪìˣϾûϵõˡ
·;УĿʼֱǰȵų
½ʱʱؾͻתͷȥͼһ⣬û˵䣬ͻƻ
ΣǺòϰ߰
֮ǰ԰úܽȴһһӾ˲١
ʱƳ½һֱԼĶѵúÿ·
½ôȥһˤˡ
½ֻתͷ
ۼҪˡ
½ϽʵˣʲôʱŰ
ǰʺãִˡ
ȴ˵ʲôʱʰãʲôʱߡ
½ʵûдʱ𣿡
ûС
½ûֻðԾСʱ
գ˲ͬһгϣ½Ȱͻ˾¥¡
˵ԺֱӻؼҾУҡ
ܾһ죬½ʮйҲеϰˣֻƲֵųϣҾҪͣҲû취
ⶥһ䣬Ϊ˵䡣
ֻ˵ɡ
˵ͷźг¥
½ͷҲصľӰԽԽί
һֱĮȥ
Źһ죬Ѿܲȥô죿
½ھ¥վ˺ܾá
Ҳˡ
гؼҵķߣ˴ͷɥûյ
ֻҪһ첻ͺãͲٿ֡
ڶϣ½ǰСʱţôҲܵȵˡ
û뵽˸ա
һʱɥãȻԭذ졣
ŻعгѧУȥ
Ҫãָܻǰദ״̬
ֵӦô
˽Һ½Ȼ
ʱλϱʡ
½һᡣ
Ӱģÿǰ鷢Ҳһ㣬Ҫڵüë·
ǰǻԼһȥ꣬Ҳ֪ڻܲС
½Ŭһ㾫ߵλϣʲôʱģ
תͷһۣƿߣһ䣺ûעʱ䡣
Ȼ֪Լʲôʱġ
ǣܸ½
½⻰һʱֻؿƵģǴϳʱ򣬸ҷſһἰʱϵ¥µġ
ŵ飬ûٿˣͦõģֿѧҲûʲô
½˲ˡ
Ϊʲôô˵ֻ
ǰϵôãʲôһ𣬴ûֿ
ھ㲻һѧˣҲûϵ
½ίţ˰죬Ҳû˵һ仰ֻҲù飬ʼѧϰ
һڻѧΡ
ǻѧʦм£ûѧУԼϰ
ϰǲϰģտˣҶһ¡
ǿͷ嵽̨ϷһӰ
ȵǰ࿪ʼ˵һ䣺ίôǹƬ˹Ƭûģ
ǿƤЦƬҪһȺ˿Ŵ̼
СŮԹ˼䣬۾
ĻӰ֪һ϶Ҫֲֿͷˣ治ɫ
Ͳ¹
½֪һ㡣
ۼŹˣ˹ȥŵǣǣְ
ߴĻ뿪תԱߣ½ֻ֡
˵Ϥ
һΣͬڰϲ˹ƬֻǴΣǣס½֡
ȻһΣȴ½ģҪҪǣ
½֣˼롣
½ֺܺÿǽڷʮ޳ȥĸоů
ֻ˵ǣˡ
½˲佩סˣȥǧأصÿҪ֧Ųס
һǣЦݺѿ㲻¹𣿡
侲µĻˡ
½ջǰ˻ȥ̣ʧ˵ǲ뿴Ƭˣǲǣҵˣ
Ӧᷳˡ
ǰϲǣ֣ȻھҲǣˡ
½Ƶӣ롣
Ҳֻ˵ô֡
ʲôοá
أ˲͵Ϣ˳ȥ
ǰ˶֪ǵĹϵáڣ˶֪ƺìܡ
һСһֱ½Ϲϵ֮ǰ½ֻһʼûҵᣬڿʼ
Էʱ½ȥ
˵ദģʽһȥˣ˵һȡ
Ȼǰ뿪ˣûе
½ˮӳгվԭضʮֵãȻ
ſڿһˡ
û
ʱǰȥҪύϵ
½磬һأ
½磬пҪҪһȥ򣿡
½磬ǲǺì˰ʲôϵһҲһ
½һۿȥ˵ǸȻ졣
½鲻ãڱһȺ˴ţûɫ߿˭Ҫǽѣ
ֻˡ
һصҡ
һλϣ̾˹żɽ½ôˣ
ûʲô
ƭˡԲţ۾ģóûǰˡ
û˵
̼֮ǰ˵ڱصôͷˣҪǷˣҿɾ˰
ɨһۡ
̡Сһʲô񰡣ɱڣУùˣԸȥɣ
˵꣬˦βصλϡ
ûһᣬ½ͻص˽ҡ
ߵλϺЦŶ˵ոһУͷ㲻ˡû£ԼҲС
˵ţеһǷŵϣθ¿ζġ
ϵһۣûȥɣǳԶ˲á
½ûֻⷽŰǽˡ
ôһ˵æջǣʲôȥ㡣
ҲҪ㲻ҵ£໨˼ѧϰϡ
òװ½ѵѧϰϰߣɲô;ˡ
½֪ѧϰҪҲҪ
⻰űʵȼ˼֡
֪½˵仰Ҳʲôǻ˻˵Ҫˣ˵ˡ
½û취ֻñ졣
֪ͼ롣
ԶǷģǰһ£ͼնϡ
½ֻŬֲ
֮⣬ҲҪѧϰϸŬУжʮĩˡ
һҪĩԵʱ򿼵ǰĹϵָܻǰˡ
жʮ죬Ҫֹȥ
Ȼÿһÿһ붼Ҫȥˡ
ϡ
½ȡǰĽѵɴǰһСʱ𴲡
¥ʱӶһүôô磬Ͷûء
½򿪱䣬淭һƿţ̣ˣҾͺС
Ӷ˻Ҫ˵ͼ½Ѿţ̳š
½г˾¥¡
ͷһǼҵĴڣȻʲôҲ
ͷվԭš
ʱƮѩ
һ
ȴǲһ㣬ִŵص¥
ѾˣǰһСʱУǾǰСʱôܹܵȵġ
¥ʱһߴӢӰ͵һ
û뵽½ô͵
֪½׵˶ãͷϺ޷ñ϶Ѿһѩ
һ¶Цݡ
һѧˡ


41 
½
⻰ﲻûдġ
½ȷܺãֺãǶѵĺá
ˡ
⻰ﲻûдġ
½ȷܺãֺãǶѵĺá
Ҫȫһ
Ҫģǳ׵ռ½޼ɵӵǣܵ¡
ǰԹ̽ͨͨûЧ
ҲֱӰԼ˵ŵ½Ѷû
ôֻʣһ·ˣ½Լͨ
£˼õ½˵߰ɣȥѧУ
½ͳֻһʱ䣺֪ʲôʱ¥ˣҲʱ
⻰û˵ʲô
һгѧУȥ
ܸһѧˣ½˲٣ϧ֮׵ʱ⡣
ңһ¡
Ȼƽʱ˵ǰġǣҵΪͬ
һһ䣬ϸظ
һ˵Ľ˲١
½ΪְϲţҲŬͶ뵽ѧϰУ˺˵
ǣѧϰʱ䣬ôŬɶ䵭
½Ľּ尾ֻƴԼϴԣĩԿǰͺˣʱ˵ͻˡ
ϣﳵؼҡ
·ϣԹ˵ǰų
½ͣ˼Լʲô˵Ĺϵ
뵽һ⡣
˾¥¥ºҿɲȥҰ
ǰżͻȥԷļйҹ
ҪӦĻദʱܳܶˡ
˵ϾҪĩˣʱѧϰ
ѾǱľܾˡ
½ˣǲԸ׷æ˵Ҳѧϰġ
˵꣬۰Ͱ͵ؿڴͬ⡣
ȻֱӾܾˣǺܷ㡣
½ɫ˲佩סѹı鼸Ҫˣջֻ˵ðɡ
ҲԤϵˡ
ԴԸ֮һЩͨͨˡ
ôŬûʲôı䡣
˵ˣתҪ¥ߡ
߼½סһѧİɣ
ĽŲһ£˵ɡ
㲻Ҫʱòã
½ҲֻһҪˡ
ѾѧʱˣֻҪģ컹һ
ûٻش𣬾ֱ¥
¥½ԭվ˺ܾãֱܲסˣؼҵķȥ
صҡ
ԸպôӳЦһ£ˡ˵Բһ¡
á
£ߵ˳
Ȼ̨ϰԲž˱ǡ
׽һ¡
ʱһԵĺǲǺСìˣ
ӵĶһ٣Ϊʲôôʣ
Цһ£״̬ã趼е㵣ġ
俴½ǷֿȥѧУġ
ûй
ջĿ⣬¿Բһûһµؽš
˵״̬ġ
ȷһֱڵ͹ȡ
ϣ½ֵúĮ
ȻʵϣܵĶ½١
ҲҪ½عںãҲϣ½ɥѹģȻһмᶨִȥ
֪һ״̬Ҫá
ڵĻ
Ķ͵ضһ£βŻشԣû¡
Сϰˣһĸˡ
ң˵Ҳʲôã˵װ׶һ˵ġ
ȻҲ˽ӣûиѹֻ˵㲻˵ҲûϵֻҲѼ䣬СǸͦģĵԸҲ⡣֮ʱ򣬱˴˰һ¾ͺˣǧҪΪһС¾ˡ
Ĭŵһͷ
֪㵽ֹ˵ͻԼҡ
ڶ졣
½һСʱ
ȻմӴǰһڣٴεȥ
˦һԴӣִӴŷԼͷؽᣬվվȡ
ԴܳҲʹòС
Ǹðˡ
һܺãСûôȻϮ⼸쾫һֱ߶ȽţС
еʱ򣬲żһβء
½˴󣬿ƲסؿԽԽء
ҵʱ䣬ǰˡ
ǿߵԡңʼϴ
ʮӺʰԼùһɳϵȥ
أѵߵſڣš
ʱĴͷһ£˳ʵ½ΰȥˣ
½ͷۻû̫ʲôֻʶжһ£漴˵ͷ
ļͷжʱŭ⡣
½ΰ߻겻ɢ
ڻڶγ죬Ͳͬ˸һһλ½ײˡ
ʱ꼶С½˵Լصİְ£ȻǸصòٳصĴҲ˺֢
֪֮󣬺ԥͺ½ΰ˻顣
û뵽˾Ȼ˭
ʮʱڣĵ˼ת˺üȦѾ˲ֳ½ΰߵķ
Ҫ뿪ͻȻ½״̬е㲻Ծ
һüʵôˣﲻ
½ҡҡͷû¡
ɤ˻ƣ壬˵žҪ¥ߡ
ҲʱȵĹ⣬Ĳע⵽½
½ɫ԰ף촽ɣվվȣһͺء
¥ºһܼңüͥҽһˣ½Ǹðˡ
ܼӦһҴҵسš
ʱ½ķ͵رˣٵشСðˣ
߹½Ķͷһ¶ȣɫһ䣺ô£ͷộԼûо𣿡
½·û˵ʲôظţû£ҪȥѧУ
һִģ½ЩĪһסȥʲôѧУϽһ¶ȡ
½˦֣Ҫȥ
˵žĵǰߣһʱᵹصӡ
ʱֻһͷ
ҪϽţٲŵĻʱˡ
ġ
½費ߣٴǰס㵽ô£Ȱ֪Լ𣿡
ʱӶѾ¶ȼơ
һԵĺĽӹ½ǰɨһ£ʱɫҲˡ
ʮŶȡ
ѾǸˡ
ٵ½Ը̰ͻط䡣
½һ½Ҫһѧ
ʱѾյеˡ
ػؾֻôһ仰
½תúܿ죬˵֪ͨ
֪϶Ч
Ȼ½ֺֹͣˡ
½۵̾һ
ˣǲ˵ķϣ
ڸѧУİ·ϣӵ½ĵ绰
֮ǰΪƽԭ򣬱ϵʽ
ԴӽƽºҲûϵˡ
˿̣½ͻȻ绰Ҳ֪ʲôԭ
ɻͣгͨ绰ι
½迪żɽ˵½ˣ㷽Ļܲһˣ
˲ˣôˣ
ò˵½̳һƿĵı죬ûֱӻش⣬ֻ˵Ļ㻹Լɡ
˵͹˵绰
ɲĻ̶ȵصһ˵
֪½ǹȥ
ǱˣһȥԷ½
͵صתгķ½ұȥ
յſڣӶ·ˡ
Ӷˣ½ôˣ
ӶȻҲ½ָʾģҡͷҲ̫
ü˱󣬼˶¥½ҡ
ǰȫᳵ·
ûء
߽ȥһۿ˿ڴͷ½
ʱֻһˡ
ϣ½űӳ˺ܵ䣬ջӢģʱ˼С
ϲҺܣҺ
ĳ棬﷢һ߽ȥʵʲôˣ
½Ϥתͷ
Ӱһ̣⣺˰
һͷš
ش꣬½Ĵߡ
У½һֱƶ
½е㿪ģüͷ΢ţҲȫ޶ԣǲ˵һںԼģ
߹ȥվ½ߣһҺƿôͻȻðˣ
֪½ƽʱ壬
Ҳ˵ţ½һԼҺ̧֣ܵͷЦһ£ֻҵͦõģҡҪҸɴˡ
˵⻰档
·ҲĸԸ
ۿһȣͷս
½ЦţȻЦȫԺԵİ󣺡ҪȻٲˣòã
л˵


42 
ϲ
½˵Ҳգؿ
վԭأĬţûиظ

½˵Ҳգؿ
վԭأĬţûиظ
˺ð죬ȷٻشԼˣ½ջߣЦݴ˿ɬˣûŴ𣿡
½üͷšһ£ҲЩܣ˻ǼĮúɣˡ
ǵ½ʲô󲡡
ֻǸðͻá
ŵҲȥ
⻰½Щţھߣ
һͷ
½һеؿǲ˵ķϣܲܶһ᣿ֻҺأ
̫һˡ
²˵ֻһͺá
ҡһͷᶨúŰɡ
˵ͺתȥ
½ıӰ۵׵ڴʧ䡣
ıӰ˵ĩԣһܽǰ
Ӱһ£һ䣺͡
˵߳ȥš
˲䰲
½üһâûˡ
ʧضűӣؿһطۣǿҪˡ
½ӱͺãθһͻԵĸðڼϢһ죬ڶѾָòˡ
Ҳҵ飬Ͷ뵽ѧϰС
Ŭ̶Ļ
ÿ˱ҪĳԷ˯⣬һŲ΢ϢۼûпһۣʲôϷ֮ġ
˶ˣ֪ܵʲô
ƽʱ̸֣ѹ˲١
½ôˣͻȻҪһѧϰ
֪ѵܵѧӰ죿
ѧҲûôŰ˶ˡ
ЩԼԼش˺š
½ţڿоһ⡣
ͣ±ʣɫش
ʵе㵣ģ½״̬̫ˣûһһиȫһ͸֧
Ȼϣ½Ŭ˲ͬһѧǲҪŬ̶ֳȡ
ȻʲôҲû˵ֻǰоš
УҲ֪½ѧϰ£ԸĴһ绰ȥϾ½ݱǣѧУ쵼ֻ֪ƽʱܸ⣬ûаѡ
Уڵ绰мĿ佱ܣ½ĺӣһδΪ
½Ӱ£һѧϰ΢˵仯
ǰǻѧϰϵľһ룬ʱ򶼻档ϾѧУҲʲôصУһͨ˽жѣѧϰΧܺõȥ
Ȼ죬½ÿ춼λϣһҲϢģһҲ˼ҪҪܶһ¡
˼һôŬˣǻʲôʸ㣿
ѧϰ㣬˱ʣһ֪òѧϰһµӡ
ڽѧ¥Ѳߵʱ򣬿һ춼Ҫֵˣ૵ȻδڰѧУҲҪһˡ
뱲ӵľ׸ѧУһΪҲûϣˡ
û뵽һڸƴѧϰ½ͬѧʼѧ
һֱڸĸС
οǵȻҪȫһЩ
죬½е˰칫ңʵ½ûʲô°ɣ
½ʱѧϰ״̬ʵ̫ƴһ㣬οҲһ㵣ġ
ǰӡУ½رЦҲ֣ǺͰϵϷԼһȥٳϴ
ʱȻ˾òϽٿóǿĵġ
½˵״̬Ƚϳ˵ıԱˣǶͬѧͿҲʦ𾴵ĺѧȻ˭óһҽţһҲûзɡкüݵʱ򣬳ȥңû˯⡣
£˳׵Ļ½ҡһͷǿЦһ£׽㣬û¡
˵ʦ㣬¶ҪһһҪɡô̿ѧϰʦܸˣϣݽϣҪһֱ񾭡
½Цû°ûﲻá

ȷ۵ġ
öоԼҪݿˡ
ǣֻҪһ뵽ǰ˵ͻ½һӸ˵һԼȥ
׻Ҫʣ½׽㣬ûʲôµĻҿԻؽ𣿡
ڶ˵˷һӣýƲ
ĩ֮ΨһתĻᣬһٴˡ
һżģ̾һãȻȥɣʲôһҪʦ˵
ãлл׽㡣
뿪칫Һ½ǣֱص˽ңλϡ
Ѿ׼õϵݸ
½˶ݵĿģǷƵѧϰ͸һ˿⡣
ˣֻѧϰϵ¡
ܵشչȥһ㣬ֱǡľ룬еᷳʲô
˵Դյһ
ñʹ£͵ѧϰ٣ԼһЩص͡
ʱ䣬½ѧϰ״̬
½ѧϰʲô̶ȣҲһ
⼸죬ÿһѧƶ˺üҳĿܳ
½Ѿ˴֪ʶ˵ЩµģǰЩҵ֪ʶȫ˳γ磬һЩӦϰǿܹ°빦á
Ȼ½׼ĿܣԼԺе֪ʶ㣬˲һֻȻʵĸо
ǰǰ֪ʶ㶼ȫ
½뵽ʲô׼϶˲ʱɣ
ȷķ˺üϣֻǵá
½û˵ǽȥϺòã
⼸磬ǶûôúóԹеʱǸԸġ
ҪһȥԷ˵е㻺͵Ļᡣ
֮еŵؿ
Ȼģܾˣʳóԣȥˡ
½Ͻʵǽһȥʳðɣ
ֻǻظ˵ɡ
½ɫ˲
ֻܾοԼˣʮĩˡ
ֽܿܽսദģʽˡ
ϣ½ص
½÷ԸӶҹһСϺ
½˳ڽеһСϺ
½͸ûƵģԹ˵¥ߣﻹ߶ʲô
½º棬˹ȥЩʲôأ
½Żعע⵽еãȻûʲôһЩѧӦʽ
½赹һ
⻹ܽûʲô
֪½ʱѧϰŬӶܽŬˣȫ߻ħ
˵¥һҹѧϰôҪ嶼ˣ
½ûʲôҾͲˣԼ԰ɡ
˵꣬ͱ¥
ӣҪȥѧϰˡ
½迴ıӰþûز
ܼʱ߹Ц˿๦ˣĩ϶ȡòĳɼ
½ʱǰߵҼһҺأʲôʱҪҪѧϰˣ
˵ô˵Ļȿû¡
ڣʱĩԵǰһ졣
ĩȻƽʱĿԲһ˲٣ȫǰո߿ģʽġ
Ϊ쿼ԣͷһ쿼ĺѧڶ쿼ۺӢ
ңԸʰΣÿ
ͬѧǣĩˣϣҶ濼ԣȡúóɼң߿ʱҲԽԽûжٴٸѵˣÿһζҪȫԸضԴ
󣬽˲ߴߴ
ҵ죬¿ĩĩ˵߿ôһ㴭ʱ䶼ûأ
ɣ߿죬ͳ׽ˣ
ĩˣһûôϰأ᲻᲻񰡣
˭㲻˼½ѧϰһ£㿴˼ôŬ
˿̣ἰ½Ҳʰ
ʵҲûס
ʱѾþȫŬ㷲
ⳡĩԣǶٷô򵥣Ҫǣָܲܺദ
صĽ̫ҪȻŲ
ϣһؼҡ
ֱʱ½˵ܿǰ𣿡
һͷӦÿԡ
½ʱôŬټĸ˵٣ǰӦû⡣
⻰½Цһ¡
Ȼɫɺ䣬Զذ⵱һֹ
˵ˣ϶Եġ
ڶ죬ĩʽʼ
˶ӦĿ
Ϊ½һ¿Ѿ˵Ҳһ
֮ˡ
ſ𣬼࿼ʦԾ
½һıӰʣʼһ⡭
ΪĩԽ
˶ȸԾףԼڽˡ
Ǻ٣ǿʹʹһʱ䡣
½ûֽѵĸо
ˣҪľǳɼ
ѧУһһܾͿԳĩɼ
һ½ÿ΢ʺһ⣬ûȥ
ÿ춼ڼӣ尾صȴĩɼ
һ졣
졣

ڣ˵졣
ĩԵĳɼˣ
׷ڰȺųɼ½һ˲Ķ
첻Һˡ
һֱǸ㶢ӣŲֵ˽ȥ
ȥˣտʼһ˲䣬ȥ
ʵ̫뿼ǰˡ
գ½ǿʼˡ
ɨһ꼶֣
˲俩һ¡
ȥģҲǡ
ǡ
½һӽؾһ˶ҪϢˡ
ֱʲôϣؿһ꼶ڶ
һۣ˲ոջķβһӿ˴ʿ˶ƮƮȻ
¿ϸϸֿһ顣
û꼶ڶλúȻ֡
꼶ڶ½ܷ665
һ˲䣬½ϲ
ȺҲ˲
ҿҿʲô½꼶ڶ
ģʲôҲ̫ţˣ
֮꣬һӲǼ꼶ڶ
½꼶10أ
Ҳܣȿѧˣ½һҪͳԷУҪȥַ꣡
飡
ȺһƬַǷ
½ȴûһۡ
ͣǿҪһ㡣
һҲͲסһң¥
Ӷǿˣɻ󣺡ȥİô
½š
£ֻһ뷨Լ꼶ڶĺϢ˵
£˰ɣ
½ܵúܿ죬ͷ˷ܡ
ǡã̫ůůϣˡ
ԺѾ´һĳ
һѧһԷһڱ˴˼йҹ
ˣҪȥ棿ҪҪһȥ˺ϣǱߺʺ϶ȥΡ
һ·ϣ½Դôµͷ
ڣǰĵϲãš
ܿ죬žʹˡ
վſڡ
½ÿͷ˿ϲúͼģԵ侲öࡣ
߳˳ְŹһ㣬Ȼ½һվ¥
Ҳģ£
½û˵ˣĩɼˣҿ꼶ڶ
βÿֶԳ͵顣
֮ɫûһ£𣿹ϲ
ǰԼȫһĳ½ϲ֮΢һ㣬ǿĵʵڴǵԼǲˣ
⽫һµʱÿĶͬһӡ
ԸǶĳͷ
ڣһת
ڵһ졣
⻰΢еɻһüʲôʱԼˣ
䵭½ͬһˮͷõţ˶סˣһţ㡭㲻ΪûǰԲ𣿡
ҲбҴûô˵ԼΪġ
̵Ҳˣ½һӾˣոյ֪꼶ڶϲҲڡ
˺ôɳſڣ㡭ΪʲôԸңԭʲô
ΪԳɼ£Ϊʲô
һӴӼȵϲõȵĿֻţ½оԼҪվˡ
һۣûʲôûµĻȻˡ
˵ţתߡ
½ʹڼе״̬һ˲
·žһһֱǸҡ
ˡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲôÿζ
ѾŬȥˣ࿴һ۶Ը⣿
ѵ˴Ӵ˶ȥ
ѵСȫֵһ
½ĺԽԽ٣սȭͷ͵ǰס
ʷǰǿƵһˡ
סһ
һһ䣬Ǵŭ⣬Ǵſǻ
ҵʲô
ǰǰһ˰ɣʲô˵һֱң
ĵطԸңҿ϶ģôֵʲôѵʮôһͶûУ
½ǴһŭģַŭʧתΪŨŨʧ䡣
ʱ̧һۡ
һ룬Щľ
֪ʲôʱ½һƬѪ죬ˮ
ס˲ߵһʵȴί˼㡣
˵Ŀڿн㡣
½ſǻ˵һ䣺ˡ
ˡ
һҲ̲ס䵭һ߽⣬ۿҲɬ
סԼһҲ̲ס
˺üΣڷ½㣬ô֪𣿡
½Ը⿪ˣ͵صͷȻ֪
ٴʵ˵ʲô㶼ܽܣ
ʱ½Ҳ벻ģֻһصͷܡ
ʱ¶ĳģһһؿʼ˵ÿֶŨ⡣
㲻Ϊʲô𣿡
Ϊϲ㡣
ϲܾˣеģҪá


43 

Ļº¥þûһжһ
žȵļž
򡭡
Ļº¥þûһжһ
žȵļž
Ϊþû¥صϨˡ
ʱ䲻֪ȥ˶ãԶʲô紵䣬һ㶯ƹ
˾ôվ¥½סֶûջȥ
ؿķӦ
½ԭأɰױ죬ɺס
һƬհףǳ˽
֮ȫ˼
ð죬ջǰ֣һۣٿһֺۣˣκ˸ףҲû׹
ŵضһ䣺ˡ
˵ͻŲ·¥
¥ĽŲԽԽԶ
ǵҲƽ
ô˵ڣ˲ˣ½뿪¥ܾöûж
½֪»ʲôأ
Ϊͬԭ򣬾ܶģӴҲ
߾ǷҲԴ
ʲôҲ벻
ھһעһġԼƵĶͽ
˵ȴʲôҲˡ
ЩأԱȥǸ½ܲףӴ˺Ͼϵ
ԽԽ÷ʱ¥Ǳ߷һ󶯾
ųһӰ
½
ȥ
΢΢ӣ½΢
½·أվ¥ڣûй
˸׵ľ롣
½Ǻģûҿƣ֧֧㡭㲻ҪᣡҲˣֻǡֻǡ֮ҵʱ㡣
˵ֻ꣬Żŵ¥
Ϊ仰ص˲и١
Ȼ½˵ʱ
һ͹졣
Ĳɵģʼ䲻ԭ
½ոһ𰸡
Լһ𶷵
ȥˣȻȫ̶״̬
ǰʮӮ߰˾ֵˣһ֣һζûӮ
̺ΪӮ˶ȸԾȻأҲԾ
ʵôˣ˼ûϡ
΢ضȥһƣڵһ˵Ĵ𰸡
ãȴ𰸣˭ģ
һ˲ͻȻ飬뵽ʲôƲƲˣˣ
ɨһۡ
̺ߵʲô˵Ĳʵ𣿡
һ±ƣ˵ʲôΪʲôȫ
Сƺû˼
Ƕתעǵûתƣӷˡ
еƣˣ˰ɡ
ƽס߰˵õһС̻أ
ˡ
˵ţѾ߳С
߻¥µʱסһ¥ǸСŮ
СŮǽǶѩ棬Ц磡
ǰҲһʱˣ˲չˡ
ȻСҲǺˡ
վԭأһѩˡ
ʱǸСŮ̧ͷ˵ˣ磬ôֻһ˰һأ
˵½
Ϊסһ¥ĹϵܴӴվӰ
֪羭һ𣬵⼸ȴûһˡ
ᵽ½ٴηֵһߵıһۡ
ȻʲôҲ
ջ߻شСӼҼҵģҪôࡣ
СŮҲûŵ磬ҸһŶǰʱ䣬һѧؼңÿ¥Ǹ綼Ҫ¥µȺóһʱ䣬г뿪
һ
Ȼ
½ÿζҪ¥վܾã
һҲ⣬Ϊ½ǴͻȻðˡ
Ȼ֪£һ¡
ֻ
ٴγ·ڿȥ
½Ժ󻹻᲻һ
һߣ½ҡ
½춼𾪵״̬
Ļ·ڶ߻졣
ϲԼ
룬½;̣ҵͣ
˵ʵ̫ˣһʱ
һͬѶˡ
˵½ӴҲǸˡ
ϾҲڵģǰǸϵ㲻ΪˣӴ½ҲûкǸͼأ½Բͬķʽܾˡ
Ȼڣˣ½ȴͬľܾ

ôһ
ǱԼҪҪˣ
Ȼ½ͼһ̸£ֻҪ̸ͲɱҪǣӵϴ
΢һ£½ͿƲסӦˡ
æ׿ԺеĻ棬ͼһ£
뵽һ½һӾͺˣҲ
촽ʲôоȥӦúܲһɣ
ʶԼʲô½˲䲻ˡ
ôԱЩ
Ƕ£
ԣ˵ϲڻ
½ãˡ
һʱ˼
Ͼǰʮ꣬ûһһ𣬶һȵĿͬ
ܺһ
ȴĹʵ̫Ѱƽ
صҺͼһԾ侲һ£Ŀȥ
ԺǿƲסȥ½Լ½󵽵׻ô
ʱԷҵûأСæ
תȥҡһͷû𣿡
˵þҪˣǰʹȥһ⹫żң㿴ʱ䷽𣿡
һ£ظһûá
½ûи𰸡
ȥ⹫żң϶Ҳÿ춼ƽ粻ȥ
ԺУҲ㴦ú󣬸˵һ
áһͷ
׹ȥ졣
ѾȲȥˣ˼Żʲô
ʱ½ϵˡ
һ΢ϢҺҸһμӾۻˣȻ㣬һȥ
֣ãĲμӾۻ᣿
½˵һص㡣
ˣظҷһ£ˣֱڲС
Լ˼ʱ䡣
ȷֻ̲ס˼š
½ʲô˼
ɢﷹҪ˵ʲô
ΪûҲ벻Ȼ
ɳܾãʱóˣʰһ£š
¥ʱȴ˵½
ס˽Ų
½ۺʱԶ
ǰ˹ϵõʱǰʱս˰׻
½Ӳ
ĳ½һȥ
ȥ˾ۻԭ򣬽½װ֣أһɫ£ͷҲ͡һԵӵθߴģӢ
ֻӻһЦҲһĲã
˵껰Щ˼Ųߡ
׵¡
Ҳֻһ⣺˵ڲôˣ
½˵Ϲ˳·˰
֪ģ˳·
½״Ͻתƻ߹ȥǼҲҲǺԶ
һͷ
γ
㲻γĻҲԸ½һ߹ȥ
·;У˻˵Ż
Χܲһ
ͬǰ˻ͨ⣬Ҳͬǰʱսʹһֺ΢ĸо
΢ýһ㣬У޴֡
ȻҪָ½
һ䵭ˣرҵһ㶼ޱġ
½ͬ
һ·ǰߵʱʱʱؾͻһۣȻַɿƿߡ
֣ϲָԺ
Ȼ󡭡͸˼ˡ
ǲͣðݡ
һֱ˲΢ĸоûɢ
λϣò˺󣬾µصȴš
һʲĸо£㻹ǵҸ˰ɣ
˵ʱض½κһ˿Ӧ
ͬʱҲЩ
½ֱ̾ˣͰ͵ǡǵá
˵Ҫ졣
ʤ׷㲻ǿͬǰЩף㶼޲˱ᣬô컹ҳ
½˵ǲһ
ԶĴڡ
ôһ
½ڳԼ̬ȣǶٷֿˡ
ǰʱʹ಻սʱڣֻһξ͹ˣҪһΣ
ҲãôҲգֿ֮ĵߡ
˵أǲֿԺҪʲôķʽദ
˵½ҲЩãȻҡһûãɲԸһʱ䰡
˵꣬һε
ͬ⡣
峺Ҳ΢һ㡣
½ڵ֪Լϲ󣬲û룬ʾԸ˼ǵĹϵ
Ļбõ£
ֻûаϲñֳʵҪʱ䣬Ҫ̫ˣҿܵȲ𡣡
ⶼ˵½ġ
ЩһֱȴţҲû
Ȼϣ½˵ЩˣܾõģҺòã
˵ͷǰˮһڣƽԼ
ôˣҲϣĹ⡣
죬һȥ԰档
ҲǺ٣ʱûô
԰ûʲô̫Ȥ½һԾԾȥģ
Ҳͬˡ
һȺˣѪഺʱ˵ȥȥ
˸̸飬˵£˷һȺ˾ͺƺƵֳˡ
һ߸ˣ½⣬̡ơС֣Լ̵Сá
½Ⱥ档
һ·ϣСòϵػͷȥǡ
ɵǣ½˰ɫ޷ֶǶ˧磬һվֱҪϹ˵ۡ
һС̣ǵϵʽٰ
һŮҲ˵ԶԶԣϽ˵츣õʱˣĴ˧ҪϽ²У
ؿһۣϸǻŮϵʽ˵ˣڲ
˵ţʶǱ˵˽ӦõǱ졣
һŮʵڲʲô
̷꣺ѽôʲô԰ģģ
Ů˵ֻûٶʡ
Ʊһֳ߽
ʵȴĸĿʼ棿
СֳܴһۣѾʼˡ
ɽתľ
һǲСս
ļ򣺡ֵܣܲˣϴȥ¾ˣֳҲ£
СֻˣҾ˼ġ
ƻҪ˵ʱͻȻ˵ûҪһ𰡣ǿԷ档
˵ţһһֱվ潲Ļûв󲿶ӵˣطһۡ
ˣһغ˺°ɡ
ֻŶǰͼ½أôڻҪѾشһ
ʱһ㶣飬һ𣿡
Ȼһ𡣡˵̾Ϳʼ䣬Ůһ飬Сһ飬ʣµӡ
Ƹˡ
ʣµˣ
ʣµĲֻ½ʲôӣһӣ
Ҫ˵еɻһ۵ɹϽ졣
У˭Ҳǲ̽㡣
ķ䣬½ȻҲû
ԭؽɢѡĿȥˡ
½ʲô
½ȻģѡɣҶԡ
һĿ˵ҪȥĦְɡ
½ϣð
˳Ħֵλȥ
Ŷӵȴʱ˵˵ĦֵĶһĵطܶ˶˵ʲô
½һԸѧϰҲȡúóɼô
ǰʱĿ̿ѧϰĥӰһ뵽ľ
һͷأ
У½סˣʲôû˰
ӣˣûʲô
ֵܿĦˡ
Ħתߵʱ򣬻ͣӡ
ʱ˿һ𣬾ܽ΢һܴߵˡ
Ħͣµһ̣ȻȻؾͿ˶Է
ů͸Ͷ䵽ϣ˶һɫĹȦ
̫ţϣԾŹ⡣ǵ㣬½Ӱ
һĻȻҪÿ
ʱ½Цſ˵ǲΪûʲôҪ˵İʵеŶ
ɵýһ˲˵ʲô
½Цñ⻹Ҫҫۣ˵ллܳܹ㣬ҾԼ˵ˣ
һ
Ȼû뵽½ͻȻ˵ô˵Ļ
Ҫ˽½ӣΪڸˡ
ֻ㲻ǸףҲģĵֿģɵҲЦҲǡ
ȻЦݺǳ½ǿˡ
Цʱ΢΢˸Ĺ⣬촽ҲһÿĻȡ
Ѳ˴
½رߣԼһһ
Ħ֣ȥһĿ
̵֮á
ʱȥϲˣڵ
ѵõĺûᣬŮһۣ
һӴһģֱӶʵãԼһ΢𣿡
ûü˵Աߵ½˲ɴӡ
ô£
Ȼ˵΢ţ
˼Լһ˲ΪΣʶһסǸŮĽŲû΢ţ
һ
ǸŮһ㶡
ܿ죬ǸŮҪ˵
½ֵҲûе绰룡
һ󰲾
û΢žˣûе绰˭ţ
ƭأ
ܿ죬ǸŮعܼĻ㡭
½ٻش𣺡ҲûУ
ǸŮתͷԱߵĽöһۡ
һ룬Ƕʲô
̸ոû˵Ļ˵Ѿڲ˰ɣ
вԼͬʼź
ģ˧ȻճһˣЩŮ·
½֪ŮЩʲôϽһߡ
ֻһ뷨ҪϽ뿪Уñлᣡ
һǣס֣½ߵһٵĵط
ʱ½ŷӦǣء
ȻǰҲǣ֣ڻе㲻һġ
һֿһ˵֣৵һ·ſˡ
ſ֮ʶԣ϶룬ǼҴҵؽ͵Բ𰡣ҲǸ˼
ֻǣ֣Ͽʲôû£߰ɣȥһĿ
½
ԴǰʱһֱûܻѾͺˣе㱭Ӱ˼
ԸعںãĶʧõϲãôپһ飿
뵽ȥǣ֣ŵֺõζ
ȴ㿪ˡ
½˲
ʱ˵½㲻ôСҵȷеʧ䣬
½㶵վԭأһµСҪ⣬ֿҲ
֮ǰǸʱظֳ

ǲų̸µġȻ̸Ļ϶ҪһЩܵİɣ
ֻǶԺ̸ĸų⣬ܱ֤ʱоһЩΪʱ岻ų⡣
еʱΪǲʶƵġ
һӵǵʱһЩųķӦô죬Ǹ˺
ʱ½ЩĲɵţһֱϸ˼ǰ¡
һ׮׮һȫйӴ¡
˼Լܵһ

Ҳǣ֡
һˣʶǵĲӡ

½˼˰죬ڵóһۣӴΧͦġ
ЩҲǱȽĽӴ
һ֮ͬҲ
ǽһأ˽ǣ
½Լܷ
ԣҪôȷԼ̸ܲܺ
½һֱ⡣
ֱ뿪԰ͻ˼ң˼š
ص½պҲڡ
½ע˼棬ûע⵽һˡ
ʱ½סʲôأô棿
½ŰĿתޱҪĴ£
½˵Ȥ˵
½ҡͷһ㲻
½ǳ˳飺ˣ
½˲ɴӣæȥɳϣؿ½裺磬ô֪
½Ŷȣùһҵ־֪£ɶȥˡ
½һʱб֣Ѳ³һ㡣
ڻ̲סˡ
½һӶ־磬Ҹ˵أ㣡
ֿտյ½裺
ôǰʱʧǵ½ɰ
½˼¶ȣֱ壺˵˵ɣʲôţ
½æʵô֪Ҹˣ
½裺صɣʵõ⡣
½Ȼһɣǻһ⣺˵̸ܲܺ
½üΪʲôܣ
½΢һ߳ܵ˵ǲų̸̸ܵý֮İɣû׹µʱвõķӦ˵ô죿
½迴ԼɵܵܣĪеۡ
㵱Լĳǻأ
Ǹѩҹеϱ˶ˡ
ôһ룬жɣɵܵܣһӡ
뵽½ֱ˵ᣬȻھͳ嵽ңһԣ
˵ʲô½͵ס죬һƻŮ۵ģҡҲ
½ɸ֣Ϊʲôܣ
½˵Լɣһðô죿
½裺
˼Ҳðܡ
ܵôɵ
½ֻܼѵˣ˵ϲ㣬ϲףôð
½ϸϸ˼һ¡
ҲôŶ

ñĵĿ⿴һ½裺磬ڽ𣿡
½ʩʩȻȻ˵ô˵ϻ𣿡
½ӵҼǵ׷ɩ׷˺ü궼ûɹɣңȷӵ𣿡
½裺
֪ˣܵɵɵ˵㣬һܰ
عȴ½Ѿûԭˡ
Ҳ֪ȥˡ
½۵˵
ͬһʱ̣ڼﰾࡣ
θе㲻׼Ūһʳ
Դ绰˵ǽѵҪӰ࣬˳Ա˯ˣ
˵绰󣬹˻𣬴ӳ߳
ʱǼҵűˡ
߹ȥţվ½
½֪ô£еŤŤ˵ҡܽ𣿡
԰
ɻÿš
½ݺ´һۣ̲ڼҰ
ͷţѵӰ࣬ˡ
Ŷ½ЩڵӣͻȻ˵ŵζˣ
ش𣺡˵࣬Ҫ𣿡
˵ʱһֱ½˽ܲԾ
½ֱϣһ㶼زסһ˶ܿ
ʱ֪½һʲôҪԼ˵
Ȼ½˵ţˡ
˵ߵɳ£Ҫ𣿡
ɫ߹ȥ£½ʲô
ʱ½Ʈţһֱֱͣ촽ϡ
һ˲䣬ʶʲôҲŽˡ
˵㵽ʲô
½ʱ˵⣺ס𣿡
˵꣬࣬ȫֱ
⻰Ҳҵʶһ¿ˮ
žը˻ǣǰķ屻紵ĶΪһĻ
ûü𸴣½ֻŵزҾ˵˵ѣ㲻ԸĻ
һ룬Ȼֹ
شսȻһ¡
Ǻǳ촽ͣ˲ֿ
½˲٣ࡣ
ûü촽¶ȡ
ؿ˵
Ҳƽһ½𣿡
һ۸ĺÿžǴ˵еĹǡ
½һƬհףʲôҲ벻˹ȥ
촽
ٴηֿ
½ˣԼûųĸоҩһ㣬һȥĳ嶯
ܸˣ̸
Ҳһ㣬½ûų⣬ֻг嶯
½Źζ
ǣ½ٴδսǽ˵ǡ
ǾҪࡣ
½ȴǲ·
ſ죬½һ٣Ȼͷ˽ȥ
˵˲֪ر仯ˡ
½һţɳϣһվڵϣȥɳϵ
ѹɳϣܶ
½һַֻϣһֵֻԺ󣬴ķ˿֮䣬΢ʹͷȫѲһʱͷƤ飬
½ͷ촽룬̽˶ͷཻ
֪˶ã˷ֿ
٣촽һƬ죬΢΢е㷢ס
û뵽½ǱһƵģֱӶԵĿƭ˵ġ
ܿ죬Լжϴˡ
½ֻǼһѣû˼
Ϊʱ΢һ壬һ˫峺ӿߴӵҵĳǶˣҪҸŶ

½˵бζǱζ𣿡

ʱ˿̣Ӧ˵ʲô


44 
̸
Ǻ˷ֿɳϡ
ʱ򣬲ͬڸգ
Ǻ˷ֿɳϡ
ʱ򣬲ͬڸոսʱĸɲһ΢е΢
΢ģǸȷϵʱͶԷе㲻ڵĸо
з·Ϣ
½һᶢһƿߡ
򶨣ʵҲȵûš
ȾˣǴڶ֣˼轵¡
´һۣպÿ˲輸ϵңʶһùѿյõʮȡ
һӿյﴵ˶һ¡
½Щȣ㡭Ȱ
ʱҲӦԼʲôһæر˿յ
ʱĶҲ΢΢е㷢졣
һվ½ҪȵҸոѾˡ
½ð
ߵ
򿪹ǣʢ롣
С࣬滹˵轣Ǻ
һݸ½ԡ
½ӹʱ˵ָɱؽӴ
һʱ˶һ£ָ˵һ顣
ոնӹˣڷΪСӴýš
ȻǿĵģƮƮظƼ䣬ҧһɵ޻ǡ
ջ֣һָȥԼ롣
½ϽһԼеС࣬꣬۾ģ˵ܺúȣ𡣡
ӣûסҲЦһ£ţһЩǡ
½ֺһڣСֻҾû𣬺ٺ٣
Ĵǿŵģ紵黰һһεؾ
Ȼһ㱻Ǻ
оԼƺҪʼ̣æֹ˵ˡ
½⣺Ϊʲô˵
ﻰ
иж
˵Լ죬ֻ˵˵ȥˡ
ʵ½˵ЩҲܿġ
ûֵܵסϲ˵Щ
½һͺϣȫǷĵĸпûйֺõ˼
½Ļ󣬹ģ̾ûһʱ򣬽˼С𡣡

ǿϵһ֮أ
½ٺЦһ֮󣬽˼Ҵɰ
£ԼҪǺˡ
Ͻ˵𣿺ͻȥɣʱҲˡ
½ţ͸߰
ôãѾƽˣƽػش𣺡Ȼأҹ
½Ҳ
Ȼֻ½Ť˵㺦ߵȷϵһ˯ǲǲ̫ð
ǰͬһŴ˯ʱിడȫװ׵ķС⣡
ڿɲһˡ
½˵һ˯֣Īе㷢һ£ԣϽȥɡ
½룬ʼߣһͷŶŶ
߳ʱסȵȣ
½Щߣ㡢㲻ҹҹɣ
ûشĻ߹ȥ˵һ¡
£˸
ΪʵӵǵģҲرס½˫ץ·
ʱ½ͷĲţЦϺ㰡
ģģܺš
񼤵û˵
ʱ½Ҫ˵ʲôһûõ޹²ݵϴҺ⣬ҵȷǱɿζġˣˡ
ֱ½ϳ⣬㶵ػز
Լ˵ҪôͻȻͰϳˣ
ֻܿ죬벻Щˡ
ΪһҪϯ񾭣˶
ˣ
ӴˣҲֿ
½òУһ·ܻ˼ңſԽּӿļйһ
ȻԼҪըˡ
һߡ
½ߺеڡ
½ȷϵûüúøܣͷֱˡ
̾һڴ쵽
ܼˡ
½ҡ
½һܻ˼ϵЦֱҪϹ˵۾
˭ܿдϲ¡
½ҪԼķ䣬ͣ˽ŲЩ΢һʲôܸ˳
½ЦţտҪţ磬һĺϢҺһˣ
էһϢ½Ҳһ
ѵðڲˣ
ֻϻǵģŶô
½һ㶼û飺ٺ٣ԺҺͲͨѹϵˣѣ
ѡһ½Цøˡ
ģԭ̸ôõ̸֪ˣ
СѧͿʼ᲻΢˵㣿Ǿʹӳпʼ
½ԼĿҪϹˣûˣ̸֪ˣ費Ҫ㲥ȫһ°
½ߵ磬ڼҰɣ
½費мҼ㣿
԰½˵оݣ㿴Ҷˣ㻹ûŮѣ
½裺
ţ½ٺЦҵѻôɰ
½裺
½ɼҲã꼶һأ
½裺
½Ҫ˵Ҳ
½޿̣ȥ
½ҡҡͷ
ûò
Ǹ¹ѵķϣԭˣ
½ŸԼķˡ
ʱ½˹ܼңȥһڼţ
ܼһʱûзӦү¹𣿡
½裺²Ҫ
ܼң
Уǲȥ򹷵˼ˡ
ΪѹĵôԸڳ棬˯һδйĺþ
ʵ֤
һҹδ˯
ֱ߷һ˿⡣
ڴϣָһ֧ûеȼ̣޵ʹ
һĳ̫õ˵õǼƽ
ϲÿ϶еģǲǺ֮׵Ķʧȥ
һɳĮˣ;棬ƣߣ׼ռһƿˮ
һһεռ
òףռˡ
ʱϲ⣬Ҳ㷲һˮô죿һô죿һ
һܳ׷
Ϊʵ̫Ҫƿˮˡ
ɫһ㣬쵽˰˵㡣
̷Ż̺漴´ϴ
ȵˢʱǱǣͻȻһ˿ۡ
ˢˮ˿ڣ̧ͷȥӡ
ʱע⵽Լһ㱻ҧƵĵط
˭ҧƵģȻԶˡ
̫ˣûԼ촽ˡ
ᰴһ˿ڣеۣһǡ
˵Ľˡ
̫ڿĳ
ϴ꣬ԡ߳ʱűˡ
ô˭
ʶ½߳ȥš
һȻվ½
˺˧¸߶ȣ峿ĵһʵϣεƲۡ
Щȣôôˣ
½һŵĴӣЦһͰ
˵ţҲԾͣϡ
ϴǰ鷢µˮƤһƬˮƯβҲܹˡ
ˬˬ͸ջ
½ʶһ߽ȥţ̽𣿡
ֺһرܵ¡
ԣӦֻҪһͺܣֻܽȻˣ
һ٣û뵽½ôܿ˼شԡ
Ӧˣ½һϲǰսһȥ

֪ôأͱϣ˫ֻ½Ĳϣ½ĲС
˵Ĵһͷཻš
оԼƯڴϣһһĴҪϢǵ׵С
ʱ½ѴӷŵԱߵĹϣճ֣һָֻĺ󾱣һֻ
оͷԼĳУ˳ҧһԼ촽
˻
ʹһ
½æ˿һУôˣ
ջػϵ֣Լǵҧһ£˵Ƥ
Ƥոֱ½ҧһ¡
ŷԭ½ͦϲҧ˵ġ
½촽ϵ˿ڣʧɫô£ôԼ촽ҧˣ

ԶԵؿ½
Σ½ڷӦԣӦҧģ
˵꣬߳ܰǹĵôûкʹҪȻȥһҩ
û£ûôš
ƹոշڹϵͣɳȥץʱ䣬͡
½⣬һɻظ˹ȥΪʲôҪץʱ䰡
һ߰ͷڲ輸ϣһ߽͵Ϳʼѧϰ
ʲô½֡ڲǺΪʲôҪѧϰ
ò׷źˣȥһأôҪʼѧϰˣ
һۣһɶҡļᶨ飺˭˵ٶҪˣץѧϰĹؼʱڣһҲܵ顣
½˧Զ׼ĿˣڲѾ꼶ڶ𣿡
˵꼶ڶڲʮ֣뿼ٰ˲С
ͬһѧĻ½ĿԺУķһ㣬ٰ˲ˣȻԽȻԽá
½ʼƣͰ͵ؿˣûŴ𣿡
ʣ벻ͬһѧ
½
ΪʲôҪ
üŶ
죬ͼǡ
֮׾ӣܽǡ
½ɴ۾ûأ
ƳһۣǾͲˡ
½
ùŶȻв
Թ鱧Թ緹˻ңǰѧϰ
׾ӣݸ½
½Ȼµףȵʼѧϰʱû˵ԸĻˡ
ǰʱѾѧϰĺϰߣֻͬ£Ҳûôѡ
⣬һһתͷܿѧϰҲƺûôˡ
˵ٶȶͦ죬ʱȥԾ
һ࣬ǿܳȥԸ緹
Ǳ׼һҵģ˭֪ϴǼ²
֮ǰǸԱſڽӴˣһתͷǣʱϲǴ
߹һ̲ͣػ
ڵȵǶλˣ
׼ķ˰ɣ
л˵
лҵӪҺ͵ףôô


45 
͵
Ա˵ŻѾѷ˳
ССĿƬиۡ
С
Ա˵ŻѾѷ˳
ССĿƬиۡ
صһ£Ȼӹȥġ
ֻ֪˵Ĺϵûչһ½˵̫ˡ
Ȼ½һ㣬͵غһǲҪ
˵ţĵشһжôġ
ߣҲ˳Ļ˵ˡ
ԱķӦЩԾǶλڲѾ֮ȷҪ𣿡
˵Ż߲ɨǵ˿ڣЦݸζˡ
½նҪ
Ա̾Ǻðɣ´λʱ򣬿һҪŶ
˼뿪ˣһ
ѡһᣬ徻һ㡣
Ȳ˶󣬷Ա˳ȥţֻʣˡ
ոǼ´Ӱ컹ûɢ½Ķе죬ʱʱشһۣҲ֪ĥЩʲô
״붺ܲ᣿ҪȻȻ극ȥ÷
½֣ã
ʣΪʲô
½Ķˣ´˵
ǰûһһҪĻԶҲ·
Ͳ֪ڴҪʲô
ûȥѧϰһ²У
´Ρ֣ĪҲŽæʼתƻ⡣
һӣʵҪһ𣿡
˼Ҫһ档
½֮΢΢ɴӣһ̫ɣ
ʲôģ
һ£Ǿðһе㼷в˲㡣
˵Ǿ
û뵽ʱ½˵ֻһҲԡ
˵ԾԾԡ
֪Ϊʲôôʱ½ͻȻˡ
֣סԼš
½ϵ
˴۵Сۣ˼롣
½ʱŷӦ˵ʲô˼߳ܵҪըҡҡ
ûϵ
˵ţ֣ס½Ĳӡ
˵ľ뿿ԿԷϵϸСëԼԷԼٵ
ܴ˵еˮȷмֵû緹ûôˡ
½߳ܣ˿ǰֱ׳һ㣺ѣҿԱ㣡
Цһţǳ˱Ҫʲô
ЦĶˣϸѩڡ
½һ߸̾ÿһ鲻Խؿ
˽һǳǳǡ
ң񲨶
գǻǸһӳԷϾһιľٶʵ̫Ѷˣ̫ʺǡ
극ʣʲôҪǻؼѧϰ
У½ȫĶдſܣ˵˽ֻ׾ӵģԶţ
Цһ£ðɣʲô
ʱ½۾һ£ҪȥӰɣȥ֣ȥԸ͡
һü㻹ͦϤһ̣
½ֱͦǵȻûʲôҲģ
ûвװ֪ոճԷʱ˳ְٶԼṥԵ¡
һҵӰԺ
ӳĵӰͦ࣬ͶУʲôƬսƬƬӦоУξѡ
ԵӰûʲôرƫãѯ½뿴һ
½˼һ£ָĳƬ˵ȥô
ڵ״̬ƬӦͦӦġ
ɨһǲӰԼһӾжϳһѪþ磬ǵͷԡ
Ҳ뿴Ӱܺ½һ𿴵Ӱ¡
ʱԶ
һ´ӹսǱ߹
û߼ͻȻŮ˵Ǳߣǲ磿
ԣĵؿȥһ룬ɴ۾ԣ
˵ţͼ½λȥ
Ͻϡ
ߣѡ˵Ӱ׼Ʊ
ͻȻ˳嵽ǰ
һһŮ
Ǻ£Ůȴúܵȹ߸Ьһ¡䲻˵ȷΧ˲١
һǻϵģһװ磬ϻһȹֵĽӡ
һ£ȷԼʶˣǳ½ȥ
Ȼ½΢һü
ԣϸĻע⵽
ע⵽ˣûע⵽˵ע⵽ˣҲϡ
½磬ô⣿
½ǺܸˣӰԺ˵
½ŵŮƽʱڼǽ֣أǳ˷
½ƽʱû뵽Ȼˡ
һ㶼ԹɫҪǻ˼ԷԲԼӣ϶ڨЦ뿪ˡ
ȴһҲ˵ȻˣǱǿӰ£
϶ӰƱֻǰռС˶ѡ
½ȻǶŵӰƱҲʲô˵£ǵͷɡ
һ۲̫ĵ½ֿһɫȥ˲١
ĸһߵӰƱĹ̨
½Ʊ뿴ʲô
Ҳûǿһġ
½üһȻԼƱ
ƲƲ죬ҲȥѵԹָһӰǾɡ
ӰƱ֮⣬б׻ϣûҪֵٶĵӰܱߡ
½״û˵ʲôͳһˡ
ߵĵӰҪһŵ㣬һ˴ĵȺ
½ͬһɳڶ档
УüۣͼȻûеΡ
ȻһǿԼƢ
ʱȥϴּ䡣
ˡ
һϲϽ¥ȥ̲衣
ѲǺܸˡ
Ҳܲӣһ뵽Ժ׸ˣӵһʲ
Ҳ뿪һ½ߡ
½ϵˮζǺԶ˵㣺ʲô
ֱ˵ʵ磬һǸ˭ôû
½ü
ҲΣֱӾ˵Ҿ˧Ȼһ£
˵ʵһʼע⵽ˡ
Ⱥһ۾ֱܷһĴڣҲֻܱȵϡ
ͬǸǰֱûۿ
⻰½ɫһӿ˵ʲô
ɫһ
½ƽʱͦ˵İڲһͻȻ
һ¿ˮľҺôҲױãʲô̬ȣ
½û˵һ飬Ҳ
Ҫ˵½ɫе㲻̫ҡ
ʱۼѾϴּˣȣ߻
æ˵һ£ܾˣʮǮ
½ĪؿһۣΪʲôҪôǮ
͵磬ʲôΪҲ֪һµǮм΢Ӽһôˣ㲻ôСɣ
½û
ʼԽǮԽţһëε
˵𣿡
ͻȻͷһ
һ̧ͷȥ˲֪ʱѾ߹
ȻǸ½ƢõˣҶԷֲմ״ʵģе㺦£ҡ˵ˣ
һһѶ˵ӰƱ
һʲô
ţ˺˵ӰƱ䣺˵أ
㡭
һţ˰תͷȥѰ½İ磬㿴˺ĵӰƱ
Ҳ֪ô˵仰ġ
½Źˣ˳ù˸ոոĳԵģԼܱߣߵԣǻλõȰɡ
һͷ
˲Զ
һԭɫһһ׵ģҪ޳ˡ
ʱǸ̲߻ˣǾȣףأ
ûشҲû⣬е̲ݹȥҪ̲衣
һݹȥͱһ˦ִ˵ϣȸƨ˭ȣ
㡭ˣòײסˡ
ʱֻһվǸո뿪ķ׷ȥ
״һϵ̲裬
ŭسǰš
ûȻʲ
βܱ
ܿ죬һȴǡ
ʱ½һ˵ûע
һֲ棬ݵشˡ
ܿ죬ĥһ㲻Ծ
˻᲻̫һ㣿
ֻԶɳϣ½ܲ嵽ݵǰ
൱Ȼһͷֺһڡ
½֮󣬺û˱ӣҲһڡ
ܸոձһùȴûлһ
⻹Ǹͬı
ʶʲôæͳֻͷǱߡ
Ǳߣ½˴һҲ֪˵Щʲô֮ķΧŨݡ
Ǳ˺üš
ҵĽǶȺܵ꣬Ǵһ˵ĳȴڽǡ
Ƭغһ漴༭ã͸һϵˡ
ǵ˲СʱſʼƱ
˽ȥ
ǵλһţõĹӰλãһе˵ȴѵԼص㡣
½½£Ӱʼˡ
ԤһһƬ
ǰСʱѾ˳ʧȵȹѪ棬ҵӰ̨Ҳȫഺʹһҵģδһ԰ô󲿷ֹڻ˯
Ƭģ϶¡
ûһᣬǰ漸žԴζȻСڽǡ
ûôӰ˼ûˡ
Կȥ
û뵽ȴ½һؿŵӰ
ʱ½ע⵽ĶתͷСô
Ҳѹ㲻ڿӰɣ
½һͷ԰黹ͦģ˵Ů᲻ȥ̥

һܻᡣ
û뵽½ȻϲֹѪӰ
½ͬҲȥҪ֣
ûôע
ǿŸոյľ飻Żɣ˲ǲͬһô
ϧˡ½°߷ŻĻϡ
һʱ֪ʲôɴù׻һһŵس
ڣһСʱĵӰ
ϲ͵Ĺڣ˿̿޵ϡﻩġ
磬ǰŵһŮͿ޵һһģء̫ˣôǱְ
ʱͬһֱڿӰ½ˣǱ֣
ǸŮתͷ԰ûϸ𣿡
ҲԱ߸ŵͷ
½һ£漴Ц
ߣĶϲãʲôõģûעȻǸ硣
Цݻһ£ͻȻˡ
ôҲôˣս½ֻ˵ѣҪҪҸطǰ


46 
½
˵ҪǣǲûɹӰԺûкʵ
˵Ҫǣǲûɹ
ӰԺûкʵĵط
߳ӰԺ½ٶȵԼṥԣȥ˽֣Ȼ͡
ϰ˵ʱ˻ص¥¡
˳½Ҫһ¥𣿡
ıʱ仹磬˻ദСʱ
½ܾˣһصı˵Ҫȥѧϰ
е棺ѧϰ
½׾ӣ˻ǿӡ
ھȻѧϰˣ
Ҫͼ½ЩǸѧϰ
˵꣬Щߴӡ

˶š
һ߳ܣһɻ
뵽ʲô
ѵ½˵ѧϰǡ
ĪҲ˵ţһ󣬿½Ȼһѧ
ãԼѧУ
½Ͻܾˡ
һѧϰʲôģͺ߳ܰ
Ҳûǿðѧϰɹ
½е㷴Ӧ죿
ü첻ԣ
һ˲䣬½ɫɸˣ߳ܡڴȵȫӿ
ҡȻȥˣ
˵꣬תߣӰôֻҡ
˼תߵǰһЦ⣺ҪҪһ°
ͷš
½ٺһЦذסһڣŷſŶ
ã
ʮӺ½˼ҡ
һң϶¥Լҡ
ɳϣ裬֣µֻȻʼĳЩƬӡ
ȻǸ߹Լˡ
Ϊ̸ЩӦþͲų˲Ŷԡ
û뵽һ
տĳƬӵķ棬ûȥѾܲˣؿֶµĸоһ
͵ضֻҵش
ڽ˺һһֻΪԷѡ
ָٹ̵ųѾʧ
˺һᣬ½ǿùֻ˳վ˳¼Ҳɾˣžúһ㡣
ֻһѧĶûѧ
½üͷ
ڶ졣

Ӻ׼ʱ໹֮ǰѧʱϢ
һϲˣ֮󣬾ȥϴ
ϴʱֻ½˵Ļ
Դ½˵⻰ƽʵĲҲܴ
һᣬҲ֪뵽ʲô͵ظֽˮȻĵϡ
ˮ̹ǣϼðɢȥ١
Ȼù˱ӣ׼ˢ
ȰѱŷӦոѾˢˡ
ƽʱˢϴġ
ȻΡ
ԼǷˡ
Сʱ½ˡ
˼Էе㲻ڣȻΪ˵Ļ
ܿһ㣬һ£½ѧϰôˣ
½һû˵ı飺ûѧ
˵ú߳ܰ˵õĻؼѧϰģû
Ϊʲô뵽ԭѹĵ׵Ľţشһᡣ
ԴʶԼ½ĸ󣬾רӦƵ֪ô¡
Ȼ᣿½ǵɴӣ̣Ҫô
ʱҲͦ˼ģֻܾƽ˵һ¡
˵꣬΢һͷס½촽
½ȻҲϲǣܿ˷§סһµ˱⡣
ģڷƿء
½Դǰΰ촽ҧ֮ڿ˲٣ͷѣһ󷢲
ʱÿ˸ϸĹ⣬ˮһŰһ죬ƽʱɫɢȥ٣ֻ¹ҵƯ
⣬¥̷ĽӲ͸˽
ƽʱе㳳
Ȼʱ˿̣Щһ˾ʵģ塣

еĶʱùһԵֽ˲֡
½һҸرԴӴ䣬߲ǵغ
ֽţ
½
˷ܺȫ͸˳۾Ҳġ
һ£Ҳš
½Цúܿģ
źţ뵽ʲôҪȻԺˣٺ٣
üҲǳǳЦ⣺ðҪѧУûʲô
½һǸ棬Ŀڵһ˽ºɣֻһ
ڴ˰졣
ȥԡϴһ֣߳Իڴϵ½˵ѧϰˡ
½Ц˲佩סˣҲҪѧ
뱧أ
һݾܾԾ
һϰڹ滮ˣѾѺٵѧϰƻźˣѧϰĲݣһ
½
̫ˡ
Ǵ˵еһһ
½ѧֻ뱧һʱ⡣
ǣһ뵽ֻкúѧϰܺͬһѧǿشӴ
һߵı飬̲סЦѧѧн
½΢һ㣬˳ʲô
˵͸ոġ
ð½ɫȸԾܿʶһ£ѾһˣոǺⲻ㽱
û뵽ʱӦͦ죬Ƴһۣ˵ҪҪɣ
ҪȻҪ½Ȼе飬һ뵽ֻҪѧϰֿԺۣ˲
ٵǰߴѧϲѧϰˣҪǲѧϰǿң
Цһ£Ҳ˹ȥа㶼ô˵ˣǾټһԾ
½֣ʵҲôңͰҵ˾ͺã
Цøˡ
½һ˲
ÿˣҵôõѣ
뵽ָɾʮѧϰѧˣ
ʱôš
ÿһԷһѧϰÿ춼úܳʵ
ѧϰ˺ü죬Ҳ½Ÿ٣΢Ϣ죬˯ٹ
û£ɨһ·䣬¥
֮󣬸׼¥ϡ
ʱһɫĽγؿӣͣǰ
Ϊ⣬ֱ½үүӳ
ͣס¥ĽŲ
½үӵȷҲġ
³Źչɫܳżɽ½һˣ
½үʱҲǻ̳ģѹһ۾ܿʱһŭڡ
һ˿ܻᱻŵȴɫġ
ûش
½үӻԼʲôǵĻ½ʲôӰ졣
˵½үŭϣ֮㣬϶˳֤ݣ
˵ʱҲڴ
һμʱ򣬾;кӲ˵˼أҪǼ½ûʲôʵӰĻ϶ͬߵô
û뵽ڻ¡
Ѿ˵ˣҲû壬ʵʲô
ߺرֱܵ½үӡ
½үɫܲÿݷҪ̷ֿתѧ½ԽԶԽãһзе
⻰󣬻Ǹ䵭ı飺ֻ˵Ļ¥ˡ
½үû뵽ôŭɶΪӱǲͬ½ȥġ
ظҲӱܣֻǲ˷ʱѡҺ½֮£ֻںһ˵뷨˵ʲô£
˵꣬ͷҲص¥
½үվԭһ漴Ǹӿŭ⡣
ֱǾƲԳԷơ
УܲˣܲԼ
ת˾˵ȥ
ʱ½ұһƬ͡
ܼҺӶǸ˾ְ
ֱ½үӸϵ
½ү˳Źȣ߽˱
ܼҼ״æӭȥˣʲôԸ𣿡
½үŭ½أң
ܼҺöˣѾһӶͨ͸ˣӦţãԵȡ
½үȥ˿󣬹ܼԸһӶˣȥϵүһˣ
ʱ½¥ϡ
˼Ӻ½үӲͷˣŹû˼µذ壺½أôû
ܼǰүѧϰܻҪٵһᡣ
½үûʱˣѧʲôѧҪ
ܼҼϲȥˣֻ¥½
½˵½үˣе㾪ȣүүôͻȻˣ
ܼæѵɫе㲻ãȻҪעһ¡
½е㲻⣺ѵˣ
һ˵һ¥ȥ
½߽󣬿ɳϵ½үӡ
ȷܼ˵ʱòӣüͷˡ
½æʵүүô
½үӿ½֣㻹˼ʣ
½ˣôˣ
ǵԼʲô¡
½үһɸֵı飺Լ˵ǲǺǸһˣ
֮½վԭûӦЩʲô
½үӼ״ߵô˵ԼҲûˣ
ʱ½ȴ˵үү֮ǰȥ𣿡
½үô֪µġ
һӦ½үûȥҹûж˵ʲôĻ
˵ˣ˿̻᲻ܣ
½ү⻰ˣ˰죬ֻ
½ԥصͷ԰
½үӵۣҵȷΣ
Ҫ½Ҫʲô
˭֪⻰½һԲͰܡ
½үӲţȥģһû˵أ
ʲô֮˵
½һܳ˱
½үӲιȥ
½һͣȥ
һ·ϵĵòˣʲôûвģ
ʱڼʲôҲû
վڴߣŲԶľɫ
½ү˵¡
Ȼ½ƽʱϲ˵Ǻ˵ġ
Լվ˶ϣ½ξ
ʱűˡ
߹ȥ򿪣½
˻Ϣţһ仰ǹĵ˵үүոˣû°ɣ
ͻȻЦһ¡
֪½ѡˡ
شû£Һܸˡ
½ǰһסһһٵ˵Ż
о仰Һû˵ڲϡ
ϲ㣬رϲ֡
ԼҪҪ
⻰ۿһɬǰģ
ۣػرס½
ôˣһ̣Ҳ˵ϲ
ͬһʱ̣½ұ
½үӴдһˣҷǰɣ
ܼҺӶվڲԶĵ
ʱڿ˾ǡ
½ˡ
½³󣬼߽үүʲôô
½үӿʵ½Ǹѵ£֪𣿡
½˼һ룬ʣ˭ģ
½үѾͣƽʱլٹС£ô֪½¡
½үӵۣң㣿
½ɵЦЦҲ߹ȥɳϣүү°ɣҽǲҪܡ
½үӵʲô˼
½̬ʣĳԿף밡ٯٯһҲֲʱ𲻲ɢ˵֮½϶Ϊ¼Ǻһӡ
½үӣ˵Щеûģ˼Ǿͷǰְû뵽½Ҳ
½Ķһ٣ҰֺҵܵôᲢۣҰǽг죬ҵ
˵ţһݸ½үӡ
½үӿûݹĲһۣ֮ǾԲԼ
½Ѳ豭Ż˲輸ϣ֪үүŴڽӴ¡ֻ½һӰҡұ֤㱧ô
֣½үӵݵɻһ룬ܿ죬ְһһ룡ҼȻ֪£ͱҪ
½Цһ£ðǽҾͷ㵽ף
˵ţԶĹܼҹ˹֡
ܼ߹үʲôԸ
½һյĵȻȥѼͥҽһԺţүүһಡˡ
ܼңõġ
½ү˲䴵ӵۣ½裬ʲô˼
½תһϵıЦЦʲô˼Ǻүүúýˡ
㡭
½үӼ𾪣Ƿŭ


47 
ҳ
Ϊ½ͻı׶񲨶
˱˺ܾ֮ŷֿ
ֿ֮½㲻ؼҿһ𣿡
½һԸҲŲȥүү϶˵ܶҲĻ
Ҳ½ȥܵýһֱӱҲǰ취
˼ʱ½ֻˡ
ͻȻ𣬰½һֻһ½ġ
ɻҸΪʲôҴ绰
˵ԡ
½ӵ绰Ҳ
Ҫǽ½үˣ½ͻȻ˵绰˰ϵ
лʲôʡ
ΣǾԲ½ֿġ
½˵绰һϢ
Ҹʱ䶼ҪؼңæӦүү
ŵȥɫҲ˵ô𣿡
½ҡͷû˵ֻǲҪġ
һͷ
ʱ½뵽ʲô۾ģ˵㲻ǻǰͬӰ

˰κ˵ͬûôɡ
½Ӧ˼룬һɬؿòɫ/ɫɣ

һ˵ֻһ֡
½ȣأ
ùһԵϰ⣺Ҫġ
½˲˿
Ȼڴͬӣڴѧϰ
½ҡ
½Ҷϵ绰󣬶ԹܼҷԸҼֽӶˣȥѿͷʰһаүүϲ
½үӱһϵΪˣŭ½裬㵽ʲô
½ǿЦţүүɲ˵ġֻڱסһʱ䣬Ͳȥˡ
½ү˼ùûŵذ壺ҵɣ
½軹ǸƵģүү⻰˵ġסǼңóԺúȵģô˵ɣ
½үӴʱѾЩֽš
ϾҲǼ˵ˣܿ
Ҫ½軹ʲô
ļ죬½ҿνǹˮ
Ǻͺ˹ϵ
Ըͺãÿ˵ЦֵóĻġ
ʱ˿̣ȻںͺƤ⡣
źԵԵ̣̾ƤÿãǶҲһ㶼أ
ûĸŮ˱òʱ򲻿ģȻҲⲻףЦţһ顣
½䣺ҲʺòСŴɣƤҲܺá
˵ţ˲ԼͬĽĿƵڲԶֻϡ
ͻȻ̧ţ
½ЦҺͰ̿Ƥء
Ŷشִ꣬ͷ
½Դסº󣬷·һӳΪ˺Ե׶ӣֻǸˡ
ԭܼ򵥡
ƽʱͲ˵½һʱ򣬻õ㣬˴һ𣬰Ҳ˵䡣
ͺԼʹĸƽʱҲøؽ˵ˡ
½һܺõֲһ㡣
ҲǴϲ½ӡ
ǣȻû˵ʵҲһ㲻һĶ
ں½
ֻûᣬҲװ֪顣
ҵƽͣ½ҿ˵Ǽɹ
죬½ų˱
ʱ½½үӶڣүһһɳλεضš
½еؿҵ־ǰһȡ
½үŹȣŭĿԲɡ
½ų½үҲں󣬶ʱ֣պҲڣһҪ
ʲô£
½ү⼸Ҳķҡ
Ȼ治䣬ÿ춼ȴڱʵǴȥˣլǲϰ˵ĵط
½ָ½裺ɵģҼҹ˾Ҫḷ́ƻǺüб꣬ʽˣ˾Ʋˣ
½үһ˲ü½裺£
½˹ض𿧷Ⱥһڣãû֤ݵ£ɲҪԩ˰
½Ʊ磬ֽţ
аɡ½±ӣϾҲƱ磬ģô
½˵ת½үȣ֣㿴ԼˣҶݣôײϵ
½үӻû˵½ʹϵã㻹ǻȥЩʲôɡ
⻰½ŵɫһӱˡ
ԼŮ£Ȼ֪
ԥԥ˰죬ɫֱ䣬ѡ񽲺û谡СҲôܸһСӼƽأ
½ЦûƽϰⲻǸЩڼƽ𣿡
㡭
½˵
½ٴζǰĿȺһڣ൱¡
½ȻֵܣԸȴȫͬ
½ϵģҪ˭ǵˣҲǲٺǸ
½費ͬ˭ǰ£ֶοɲһ㣬ѶԷˡ
Ҫ˵Ǻ½ԸȽ
ʱ½Ż˵½үһֹ̧֣ȻԼ˿ڣ½裬ЩʵǸҿİɣ
һɽ𻢣½ҵ֣
½ЦЦүү⻰ˣҿû˼ȻҪĻҲǲԡ
һװģеضȻѾʤߵ̬
½үӳĬá
գ̾һ˰֣˰ˣж︣ˣܲôˡ
˵꣬һȥ
½һƣſڵӶ˲ÿ
Ÿȥүүؼҡ
½үص̾һʲôҲû˵
ôһӵڣ½ҳǰ˹
һȻҪ˴˼гһٷ
ʮ졣
½ҲǶţöҲһ
ŵƽʣ͸¶ݻ߶˵ĸ
ҹɽ亣ζһӡ
һֻĸˡ
½½裬Լġ
ǰʱ䶼ڹŻҲ½Ŀе֪е¡
û½ҳԹСҲԹˡ
һ٣Ƿ
λϣЩĽţϵʲôҲ
ʱĶƱ˵ףһ£ף֡
Ͷ֮䶼͸еʡ
Ȼؾ˱
˺˾ƺ󣬺Ŀǰʱİ½ĳɼܴ󡣡
Ȼ½ĳɼûʲôرҪ󣬵˭᲻뿴Լĺӳɼأ
ЩҲ֪Ĵ½꼶ڶ£һĽòˡ
ʵش½ԼҲͦŬġ
һԵ½⻰ϲ̵ؿҪĹ͡
˵ţģ裬ϸлģ㲻û׼ɣ
ĵȷ׼˺ֻҪ½һڣĪҪѣ
ֻ˵˵ˣ˳־ͰѺ˳ݸ
ģӣȻװһп
ȻǾܾô
½һùǿзս˵ǽʽҳŶҪ²С
⻰ԥˡ
½ȥ½裺磬죬ʾˡ
½һѳԿ˵ҵͿԿˡ
ǷĳԿס
һʶܾ뵽½˵Ļǽ˹лл
˵ǼҳˣҪǲգԵú֡
½ȻҲע⵽Ĵֱʣʺģ裬ĺװ˶Ǯ̫˿ɲӴ
ǳ˳飺㻰ôôࣿ
ʵϣװ˰˰򣬸Եòء
½Цаɣûҵĺ
ȻûС
½⻰Ҳˣûоûаɡ
оˡ
һٷԵ󣬺ĺüζΪ½Ļҭɴ˵ܰһ𣿡
֣صֱһЩ˵
˵ĻȻ½¥ʰһ£ճƷȥӴ˾סô
һʱ֪ûش𡸺áǡáĸش𣬺еֵֹġ
ʱ½һ˿ڣ裬⻹Ҫ˵ʹ˺ðɣ
ģ½أ
½ٺЦҲҪһѰ
ˣ
Թҹ½صԼҡ
һţ½ͳ˵̣ǻˣ
Ҳһ衣
ڿԻͷЦ극ˣ
½߹ȥһţ̣һ˳Էܹµɣûϵ˾һԷˡ
ϾڻУҼҳĵһԷ̫ãôҲ˴ѧ˵
ۺʱһģá
˵ţùһԵֽӣ淭ë£Լ֯ë£һһϲʡ
ɫĸë£ָرůʡ
½ӹдһһϲ̣̫ˣȻ֯ë£ˣ㴷磡
˵Ƶɳ棬ʼ
Ц۾
ҲӹԼǼлл衣
ʱ䣬źһ˴һֱ賿ʮ㣬Żҡ
һȥ½Ͱ˵˴ϣ˹ӣҽÿİأģ
ģҲϲá
ҲЦġ
⻹еһôĵضȹꡣ
ʱһƽڣһ氵ãܳ׵ؿ
Ȼʱ˿̣Ŀģ˶ůȪˮУûһëײʡ
һʼֻǶӣŶţ˴˵ͱζ
Ҳ֪˭ȶģǽǵһ
Զը̻ɫգ˶ڻ
ڡ
һڱ˴˵ء
ǡ
ǵĿѣԣԺУܵ½˳·°˽ȥһֱߡ
֮һһƬ飬лըԳ֡
ֱ½ֵĳһʶһҪ֣ܿ촽ͱסҲ͹˲ˡ
С
ڴϢ
µһ꣬ҲԽԽá


48 

֮󣬺ܿ͵˿ѧһ졣
ʰ֮󣬱¥
½رġ
֮󣬺ܿ͵˿ѧһ졣
ʰ֮󣬱¥
½رԼĶˡ
һ·ڻϡ
½ʱ䶼סңÿ˱Ҫֻ⣬ʱ䶼ѧϰ
ĳɼһֱȶƽʱѧϰҲǲ©ȱ½ֽ˲٣ÿ춼꼶һר벻Ҳѡ
ߵ·ڵʱ½Ѿǵˡ
½֣һԼг̵Ժ󶼲Լгˣɡ
Ҫ֪ѧںεʱ䣬ÿһгǼįѩ
ѾͺˣΪ˱˴˵ѣȻٸģҲ̫ˡ
Ļ󣬵һͷá
ȻҲ½һ
û˲ϲ롣
ãǾ͵ѧУſڡ
˿ٴιһгˣ׷׾ȡ
ѧг𣿡
˺ͺ˰û½Цô𣿡
ͺ˾УԺֿԿͬʱˣ
½źгһ˰ϡ
Ǹһȥ˵ԴˢˢؾתˣҪǿ½ġ
ȵ½һ£һΧ˹
½磬ѧĩֱ˰
ǣ꼶ڶʮ֣ôģ
Ҳܣ½һҪͳԷУ
½൱󷽵رʾûⰡҪͽɣȥĶȥ
챨ѧУΪ˸һӦʱ䣬ϲϰʱպúʡ
ԣһȺ˲ϲЦտ
½ǲһ̫ˣ
ʵΪ˵½һٷҶûԱˣ
һһ¾ȥտ˶֡
½⻰תͷѯóտô
ҶС
½İͳտ
ѧϰһңһȺ˺ƺƵտꡣ
⣬ͬѧˡ
տϰ״ֺǵòУæʰ˼Ŵӡ
½Ȼһ
ڵȴտĹУ˶ֻ֣һĻ
˿һĻû룬Ѿϰܵ״̬Ҳѧ΢һŤʱ˼Щ¶Ҫ
ܿ죬տˡ
Լλû½æǰæ󣬰ԵĶŵǰ
һĶˣԼҲ԰ɡ
½ЦҿԾͺܿġ
ùһǰ
õģȷº󣬲ע⵽һ²ˡ
ﾲĬ˼롣
½΢΢ɴӣòڰʾҰɣ

ûС
½Ǵ²ˣҧһڣգһۣóԣѾᵽˣ

˵Լʵֻõ
տȻٲơơ
ڳ׷ЦţԵһ󱭡
СڸԵļ˵ƣǸ½һֵʱ½ֹȾơ
СֵĶһ١
Ҳ½
½ѹ˵֮ǰһγԷƾȥˣǵ
һ¡
аɣȷ£ֻʱΪ½
½һɫĪ붺ϴҺ֮󣬺˵ʲô
½һȻҲ뵽˵ʱ£Īе߳ܡ
ʱˣشϣעʱ򣬾һ¡
ȻĶˣ룬ΰ
ʱҲô
½ȻƵܿɰͦٿһģǹ壺ǲ˰ɣľãȶ塣
˵ţùһԵţ̣ݸˡ
Ⱦƣֻţ̡
һ£ǽӹ½ݸıӡ
ֻ˵죬Ҫġ
ȫԹ۵С֣
Ϊʲôʱ˿̣оԼһĴݣ
ʶһ֮ϽŲŲӣҪԶжԶ
տСʱϾŵʱһ˲߳տꡣ
½ˣųȥ
û뵽ȻɺϵǼƣȻ⣬ġ
תͷȥ½
½ȻҲûʲôɫ
һ˸ûֱǰߡ
û뵽׷ǰ磬ʲô˼ҾͶ㣿
½Ǻ˵ҪȻһӦúк
Ҳʱ䣬ֱ˵⣺ؼ˵һô粻ҪǼҵˣҶݣõôϾɱ𣿡
ʵǲ½ģһֱ½Ǹ²ʵҲûϵֻҪ½ͬľС
½⻰ֻ˵Ҹ£ҹܲš
ЦôģѵԼΪȥ׸ԣ
ҪǣüһֱǸСϣû½ˣ²ǵѡ
½һ˵ͨӣҲƬòôƽϣѵûһ𣿼Ȼʵ㴫һô
˵꣬һǿһ½ȥ
ֻܿͱǱŵˣݵ˿ڡ
½ûǸһֱתͷ˵߰ɡ
һͷ
ҪߣϽǰȵȣҵĻû˵أ磬ҲǷôһطûǵ㣬ļ𣿡
еˡ
ȻԼˣһ뵽ⳡ⵽ĴпܻƲ͵
СŹˣһȺֺʮָо
һ뵽ҪƲˣЩǰֺ˵ᵹһš
Բ·
½е㲻ͷˣ˵˵ÿǻҪؼң
½ʼղɿڣҧвƬûɾأŲҴӡųѧУĽǽ䣬˶֪ǵ£
һֱû˵ʱڳˣؿ㡣

ôһ־嶼ûУ
⻰Ӧŵ
ֱ뿪ûع
½ǰš
½˵İɣҲȥġ
˵Ļ⣬ֻ½ô˵ˣ˵Ȥ׼ʲô
½ֻ˰죬ˡ
һӵģ˰ֻŷһרҵɧȺ
һ켸ʮ绰ܷҲûȥ߰¡
̲סЦ½ܸɳ¡
˺ԲԼǿ
½泩һʱ䣬һֻţǾٸҵ
½ҵǸ̼ЧرߣϾ۸ͦġ
ʮӣͽӵһ绰
鲻ã绰Ǳꡣ
򷿣ƨҲ򣡡
˵꣬͹Ҷ˵绰
û뵽һӣһ绰ˡ
û룬ٴν𣬽ҪҪӳϰࡣ
һĪǸ˼䣬ŭعҶ˵绰
ֱ绰
ˡ
ѧڣѧϰˡ
ʦַǲҵһʱ䶼ŵ
ҲǿѲߣÿ춼ڽƺüΣͬʱҲʼץٵ˵ˡ
ѧϰΧһŨ١
һϰ⣬Ϳ½һſ૵۰о屻Ϳգ
ѹǲٰŪˣ
ż鵽Ũʱͻְ½
½⻰һֱ壺£ܻΪһ̸
˵ţ뵽ʲô·°һ㣬һ˵ȻûսǸڣ
ҲʶسĶϿһۡ
½ĺãʵƯεĽġ
½Ŀһֱͣĸϣе߳ܵط·ս˵ǽңҪעΪŶ

ʲôˣ
һԻʱ½С˵ϻؼҾͿ
һɻ֮ȥ˷ܡ


49 



ϡ
½ؼȡһЩ
Ȼ½סңǴƷڱġ
߽ʱ򣬺ĺ½趼ڿȻ֮ǰ̸ۼŵ飬Ѿ̸۽ˣͬ
½ĵһۣľüôˣס𣿡
½ߵҲûֻȡ㶫ѣ
תʱԾͻһɫҹһԣ
ûü˵½ʹյ˵ϽӦ϶кóԵģǲܱˣ

½˵ദģʽ˲֪ôۡ
ֻǻʵȴŨˡ
Ȼ½ô˵ˣҲֻܵͷظģõİ̡
պãʱһӶ߳˵ˣҹˡ
кСɣһԵ㡣
֪ôأ½͵ؾܾҾͲˡ
˵žͼ¥
ĺܲԡ
½ıӰ˼⣬˵㲻ҸĶʲôˣ
룬Ҳпܲ˻£½ǰ֪˳ҹʲô
Ȼ뷨ǶԵġ
ΪǸźĵ˲󣬿ϵʳﶼסˡ
ɳصصֻ֣мƬҶӡ
סˣû˵
½ǵɴ۾ŵ裬˵ҹ
бһۣ
½ɴȥˣµҹСϺտ֮𣿡
һԵӶЦŽ͵ڿʳġ
⻰ʶؿ˺һۡ
ʵϣĵıֵͦõģֱͦʸƽʱԼĹϸ
½ҲôΪģʵȰ裬ǽΪɣҾѾܺ˰߳ȥ˶ôӣ
Ѿڲǰˣ½һۣϻࡣٳǰҾܽˡ
½ͦͦˣ裬˵ʲôӣ϶ζҪЦѰɣҪѹԼʵ뷨Ҫ¸ҵر
Ĳ㱻ɳǺ
𣿲ԵĻϽ½뿪
½Ҫ˵æһס죬漴߳˲
ȡ궫¥ߵʱ½ûת˵ҸôҰ
ĵҪֶ졣
ֻҲ˵ֻͼο½Ǿ˵̫ǿ˰ɡ
½һܿ뵽ʲôǿ϶ǼҵһôɰѣȻˣҾԭǺˣ˻Ǻܴȵģ
Цһ£û˵
ܿߵҡ
ģִ˵ơ
½ɻ󣺡̽û𣿡
һͷ⹫żˡ
½⻰ٺٵЦǽ˶
˵ʱԵļ֮顣
Ķһ£Ŀһ˿ζЦʲô
ʱ½һԼ·°ڣҪ𣿡
֮ǰǾ˵Ҫһѧϰæ֪ؾͰ׵Ժ
壬Ϣһ죬ǿԷݵĺʱ
һ½ƯĸһָоͺܲôţҲûѹԼ⣬ָȥ
ȷָкܺãнʵ̲޾
ĺʶعһ¡
ʱ½ЦôǲǺ
һͷʵš
½֣棬һһأҸ߿󣬾дѵʱ佡ˣʱһ˿
Ȼͦϲĸģģս½ѹһֱ㸹𣿲ģ
½۾һ˲ҪְҰ
ҡһͷȥĺ᣺̼ġ

Сʱ½ȥԡҡ
ʱβź죬鷢ʪûлһ˫ˮƽʱһС
½Žԡë׵ԴȥĲӣ̧ͷ۾ؿҺÿְ
˵Ҹʱ֮һˣһӶǡ
ӢӣЦһ£Ҳǡ
˵ȻȻһʮָۡ
ϵɫۡ
½鲻ԽĶͷڴ𣿡
Ѿʳ֪ζȿٴγԡ
ݵصһͷԡ

ڶ졣
Ͼŵʱ½Ļ
ʱһ˲㶡
⻹һ˯ôƽʱʱѾˡ
ֻȥ½
½ʱûѣҲ֪ʲôΣ˯ţҲЦ⡣
һڣ漴׼´Ȼ˲䣬Ķ͵ضס
˼һƣ΢еŤ˴ߵԡȥϴ
ϴְ꣬ŪĴϴˣʱϵ½תѡ
ۣ˯ʵֱһ£ûˡ
½ۣŷѾˣһ׼·
˾˯һӲɣ͵شӴù·ôԶأӦýңϴŶԣ
˵Ҳʲô¡
½·̨ߣȻǴ£ˣܾС

Ȼûôţǲеġ
ܿ죬˿ʼ緹
º˵ַΧȫһˣÿÿһ˵ζ
ۡȸԾ͡
ܸ֮ӣǵģ˶ҪƮһ
ָоһֱ˳緹ţĴϣɢȥһ㡣
Ѿůǽ죬̫ůţϰϰ˱⡣
½춼¡
һɫģ½ĺɫʽ࣬װ
½һԼ·ֿһģͻȻ뵽ʲô˵ڰ޳

ұ졣
úõԼᣬһ仰ƻˡ
½ĻԹԵر졣
һ㡣
ĿĵһᣬǻСѧһ˰ɡ
½ȻǴӦðþûȥˡ
СѧҲԶ·ʮӾ͵ˡ
ϤУ԰ſڣһʱ˶п֡
񿴵СʱǣһУų
ȥСѧȥСԽ֡
Щ̯ϡǵǣش
СʱǾ͹ϵãڻǺţ
ѵðöžɢˣͷôõһҪúϧ
½˭ܴһ尢̡ؽУѵõͱۡ
뿪СԽ֡
·ڵʱԶһ붺½йˡ
ʲôģ
㳤ôˣ½̸ɫ䣬˲䴦һ䱸״̬
ûסЦģǹǣסģû¡
½˳ָķȥ
ֻһϴү޹ǹúõر˩סġ
һȥȻƭң
ЦŶˡ
һĻǳʱֻʱڹûӣˡ깷ͷҲص뿪½ᣬ׷ȥ
½ʱ׷ȥȻǿһӶн
ʱǣǣס˱˴˵֣ǰȥ
⣬΢磬١
л˵
ⱾС˵Ĳ־ˣһ˰˻ϲ߾Ѿβ
мƪ⣬Ǹ߿ϴѧȵȡ
һ·лҵ飬Ϊǵ֧֣Ҳждȥ֪кܶ಻ĵطֻܼŬϣá
һС˵ݶ65ſϣܼ֧֡
֪˵ʲôˣǾͰһڰɣǡ


صС˵www.27txt.La ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ