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ҿҰ⵹¹
ߣϿ
İ
֮ɱϣֵߣǮмĽܴɽŵǧɽ¡
ֻİ¹ʦְ׳塣ԱУΪҾƶųѶϣΪ˼ǡΪҡ
ںԼйһҹԵܾҪʲôʲôԼһ࣬Լһ١
׳
༼ܵʵʵڵʾʲôװס
ֱײƵβ΢죬ǡޱɫҾǺĲỨ۵޾Ĺ³į
һmmpӴҲ
*
ǮмʮþȣֻǸİ׳塣
ˣ˭Ǹûû۵ĵСײء
Ǳоѧڳɹλ
λĿġ
׷׳ӰֻÿЦô̱°֮˻õò
ֱȾѪȻ廤סԼ
ŷ֣ԭ˲һ죬һɿĺ󱳡
*
ҿĳһڵ׵ΪʲôҪŹң
Ϊ˵˾Բŵ滰ҵѾʼˡ
˹°ܣ
ݱǩ ǿǿ Թ ж Ե
ؼ֣ǣ  ǣ  ǿܣŰ
һ仰飺˹ǿ
⣺ԽξԽ


1
ƫҪȥһ˵򹷣ذ޹⡣
ػǽң
ƴǳҹΪ˭¶
..
ŸԨʱдõЦҸҴģֻд֡
߼ǣ߼ԨеֽĵҼʦᲢۡ
µһڡֻ˼ģ׺ǲͬԨȲͷزҪԼǼָҺõ㣬Ȼû˸ˡ
ڨڨջ֣˵мɰգ
ɡԨֽ۳ԼĻУʦʶʲôʯ󺣡

Ԩ˵ʦͬţճĴȴָȻ⣬Ŵɣ书ɲ⣬ȴʤŮӡţС׷ʤνŮͨԡ
Ԩҵʱ±ߵһʯϣԳ罫䴵ӯ𣬴һذİԴʯߣֻһįıӰͲˡ޵Ƕôį
ʦ֡ԨϹϾغعͷ΢Ҫһ䣬Ϊʲôû˵Ԩһǲ֪Լʲô
ֱ˳ƺһڣĿ˳ԨƵŷ۵ϣҵģ
šԨӦʶʲôԣæ˾䣺ʶһʦҴġ
Ŷػ˾䣬͵Ԩĵװڴ˵ЩʲôԭشظʱߴһԴأ
ԨһãȻ
ûôŰǴЩĲͷ
Ǹû..ԨֺϲûǧҲϰˣѰ˭ôӵػš
˳ٳûʲôӦʰϵİԴϵľЩ¶ľĽ
ֽƺյس˼˻Ƭ̺󽣼ڰ滬ʽ˿
зľм׷ڵ棬ľдӬͷС֡
ԨȻؽӹǿϸľ壬ּ˵䱾Ҳϸˡȴûаֲʱ˵ӣʵǳԼԤϡ
Ž˿˻ȥûʲôµĻˡ
ԨãȻӦĽŲͣͷϲĻȥ׷ɡ
ԨȻ̶Цˣ֪ļж󣬴ֻװ֪ɡľ뻳Уûн£ֻԼ棬Ц..
Ԩһ˵ʵ⣬ûֱӱ⣬֪ԼĻС˵Ҳţһܾˣʵڶ
²ǲ²͸ģϲһ˾Ӧøѵö˵䣬ͽ͵¶ˣ鲻鲻ڣܱ˵ʲô
..ԨػȴѾԶ㱼йĴţĻɽɵĴʦ֡׳¡
Ľɽɳ״ӣ֮ӣžޣ
Ľܴɽŵǧɽ£˶ӰĽԼõģŸԵĹ⻷ƫҪȥһ˵򹷣ذ޹⡣

ʦ֣˴ɽѡѶ𣿡һ°ڣŰ׳¡
Ҷ۵˺һȥʦϸ˵ʱʲôˡ׳忴˿ͷ̫ʱѾˣҪȥˡ
ʦ֣ȥ
׳ؾˣһ˲򡣡
ɫشŰ׳壬ߵĻȥ׳Ϊ˽ⲻƶҲ˶ҪߣıѰǿϲ١
¾ԼŸʦֵţǴδβԼʦܣܴ
ԼִҪȥԷķС
׳忴Ӣ׽ţ֪Щʲôʦ˲²͸뷨Ʃ׷ڶ࣬ƫƫķѴഺʱ
ʦ֣ȥ׼ЩʲôҪҰæԯףȵԾơ
ˣԼͺá׳岻̫ϲ׽˽Ʒһᶼ
⣬ûǸĻӦͣƬ̣ջǴＷ֣㡣
ٶ໰뿪ãţһƤʦ˹һ˫üϸܵĽë˫һСĳࡣļüɫһ
ʦ֣㻹ǵǰںɹǼģء
ɨµڵģ½ͷĵӣ
ά濪⣬֪ԼЩѹԽԼʦֲµԣǵŵĵάࡣҵһɽϣʦָܶ㡣˵ĽŲͣάΪ˸ĲԽԽ
Ļڵŵӹ˷Ҳһͬǰʲôͺáǳǳģ˿ʱάԴԵؿʦֲҲһҲһġ
ûġ˵
ʦֶ԰ʦ־ͺġ
ƨ¡еĻѿڶְʦֵݲÿڳѷͣ˰룬϶ţûС
άûϵ˰˫귢ӵ̹ȻδعѾԶ
֪Ѷ磬άıӰʦĺϲ㣬ע⵽ңһֱֻԶԶؿ㡣
ǾͿŰɣûҪյҸǰĻӵúܿ죬ԶԶǰ
ʦֿǰ˫귢ӵ˼¡ά಻ļνӵ̬ȣԵϿŮڶ࣬ʦֶŮԶģΨӾͻؾĮ顣
ά϶ĵİѿضһףԼĴ˷һĽᡣ˽ԵӵѵõĺƤ࣬ɹ㣬ȫ֮ˣƫԴ֪ȻԵ׷߸Ϊ֮
Ȼͣάߵǰһ־ʦǲЩ̫ƽ
ǾܾôŵЦһ˵ŮǵĻҲģûļͲҪˣԡ
Ϥĳζֻ˵ࡣ
..ѵá
άǰɽʱһ֮սɳϣЩαͷƿԡ
˻ɽ۽ɽۼ
ֻϧսȺ۵³Ǳؽհꡣ¿ⷴʡЧ治
ά֪²֣С¼ܳûʵʽʵ˶һԼѵĴԲŻô˾׽翵ϲ
ˣû֪֮
άҲ⡣
Խǿ̱°֮ˣԽõеСԼ̣ãֱԼ֮СǸ̵Ĵ⬣ҲҪһԼ
άĿעȥıӰڴˣڱصá


2
׳ľʵ룬˭ϲء
˴ɽΪ˽ʧѾõ书ؼᣬؼ֮˽ߵòвŮɹȴﵽһ󼰵۷塣
ǰ˹ԭɢᱻںʱڵϢһʱһаȷѪа׷ǰ
ʱһƶĻʥƮڲΣءΨʯָպʱĴ·λ
ߵȤ֪ɷһս¡ӹɽЦŶ׳塣
аƴҲҪͬھһ̫ƽ˵һĺеӡƺǽенΪǿ֮ˣɽϰŵӡ
ѪյɵĵҪȵػ˶˸͸ˣȴֻЦЦ
־ļ磬ĳ͵ػµξͽˡ
ǣʦ֡˶ٺЦȡ
׳ӹɽʥˣӦϡ
ɽڽ꣬йϵеѣȻҲвĳҡΪҡУһ˾·ڤɽС
ǡɽŴһĿջЪϢ
˵ػɽҰ룬ҹ볣зХ֮Ҷ֦⣬ɵЩϵĹȴ˵
˵ƣĿǳߡХķöűӦ
´ƿż׳һ˱⡣
׳ʱвţԴһİҲһ˯
ϰΪؽӹеı죬ɡ
׳Ĭظһ齡˼䷿ǵ˷齹С˯Ȼš
ҡңȻ˯ã΢͸ȳƵģʵЩעĿ׳Űɿشƿ˯ڡ
ø磬ô˯ôԵЩ٬˵״̬ȴȷʵˡ˵⻰Ŀֻ뾡⽩Ӳľ档
׳Ȼеݣǿζ̻̲ķ
ۼɴؽԼĴ̰ᵽϣһԵվһԣûоܾ
СЩ̫ãջֵشʪ˯ڵϼܺԼҹǲףûǸöԷλøԼһϷֱӴԼĹǡ
׳ڴϣ˼ȥЩݡ
ϧݶǸ£ת˲š
׳忴ֵڵϣ⣬Ȼ͸ĸ߹ʣ֮ľ뻮ֵμ
ԽôܶҵĸܡٵЩûУҲеġһҲ֪Ϊн
Լ˵ºģǨԼɵҲġ׳ľʵ룬˭ϲء

ڤɽҪ·̣û㿪ʼʱɽеһƬϢ
죬дҶΪ΢ǳսָ΢΢һ
ȷλһɫĽһƬɫ
˵°ڱⶤϣ°Ӱ޵ĺɫ
գգۣ޹ؿȺƺͻĵʴӡӣ³ļѩףƯЩ졣
ڵòڻߵĴ֮Уò˶롣
̫ˡӰ²еĽνĶͣ٣书ƽƽһսȺֻһȣЦ·λڴˣʲŷ
ƽһŰװӵܣ秵İ˲ȫռˡ
ֽӹӵĽϣڨ
֪λʿγƺϹЦδ˻ӦǵЦݱýӲЩȻķΧЩΡ
׳塣׳忪ڽΧ֪մ
״ɡԾҵ˵ˣæ¿̸ĿתƵ˰׳ϡ
ѽ磬ǷҪҵһͬţ׳һؿ
ҲãĳŲңٽڤֱһգ²գ֮Ҫ߶λλҪĳȻҵĲ
꼴Եɽڽύʿ֮ͣض񡣡׳òص
üһԵĳ˶罫ݸԻ
һ޸֮Ӱˡ
˶һЦ
ʩʩȻֹۣؿ
Цʲôֱ˵
ûʲôֻǺȻһ仰һҪһжðˡΪš
ǺеϧûĺƤȻͲ˺ͨˡ
ǫˡ
׳忴֮ķΧͷһηԭϾǲԸģƼˮҲһʵǺϻʵԵ
ӹ쳣˳زǺˣ·̵ֶ֪ĵ
׳ԶԶؿһۣµɽһŵӣ·ѰӦαԡ
ѰӦЦһ
ԼͱһУҪĺˡĿ䵽еϣӵĲУȷô򵥡
ЩǡܴĶ
еĲɣֵݸҸһ˳뽭Σգʽ˰ѻңϧҶо룬һֱûʲôó
ô㣬û˸ô
һһֱ˵ıӻ֮δЩ˵ȥ
㻹ͦ־
־̣¼լֻʣǮˣȻ־Ļӵúܿ죬·Ҫ˼뿪Цͷܹȥˡ
룬һ˵ԼƤ˲ãһ˵ֻʣǮ뵽һһûһʵ
ĮȻؿһۣȵݻ⿪Яң۵ؼʳţȥ˹ĵĺܡ
״̬·ʲôͣ鱡ҲԵ쳣
źƵش˹ΪԱԵʣĿů⡣
֮ⲻƫеشҵ½ǣǺ֡ѵĺܣ˵ȴܴһɲ֪ظ
ô֪ûƫ
Ц΢ýƺˡèЦûʲô⣬ȴԴ
Щ̧ͷƽרעߡ
ô֪ľʲô˵죬ȴһ˰νƫ벻ƫֻǺĿһζԱȰˡ
ݵ룬ܿعȵĪеҵģ
üߴӵػؿƤĺȣһ¡
ϧƫ˼硣ջߣܻذ˰ֻ࣬ұˡ
ܸоȶ͸ᱡϴ֮ģԶ׼ľζ
ȥܹ
һʱֻܱ΢Ҷ
һ֣ȷӦú¡־˯ˣԼֹࣺม


3
ʵҶһ
иŵ㣬µ¶ˮȻ
ϢѲٶ׳˳ɽת˼ʱȴֻԭء֪Ӻʱ˵ıѱϡ
׳һ˫üҲò̫Ծǰȥӹ׳еͼǰãҲû֮ΪС󷴵·
ж..׳Щ
ꡣһִļʾ侲δǱ߿ȴڴǰûɧжúõģ£Ǿɨˡ
ʵҸղž˵ˣɽ·󷽣ʦƫƫұߡάС
ΪʲôҾǺͷ..һԥſ˿ڡ
ôˣʦߵ·ǶԵİ
Ⱥ˷״ԽΧ̫ЩͷɫҲˣڴϢһ̡
԰ɡ׳
ɫܾðЩ꽫ǰס
׳Яңʦһ
һæһѿס󣺡չӲ絽ӱһ𣿡
ô˯һˣԾһƴڻģûᣬק뿪˵ߡ
κһӱһط鶼̫ãƺ˿ûд·ĲʸУҹ˾ȷʵǸõطû뵽˺¡
ͣ½ŲδվȣǰһǼȻ޵㡣
Լţ˫˳§ĺ󼹣Ϊģȴ˽ʵĻ˵һ˵ȥˣΪֱӲһĻ:ۡ
㻰ٵãϹƿ󲿷˶ԷжȴͬܵӰ졣ΪβĴͬΪúǳҹԽܵĻӰԽС°ͣǧĺ꣬ʲôի
һãȻ
ԵĻְɣ
ǡôش˵Ȼı飺ֶˡԴ㣬СʱϾζˡ
˵˻ʱһֱעͼԼͷС
һЦ
һЦ
ʮǢеԼϵһɣſˣδ׼˵Щɧʱ򣬺ͷһƣ˴벻ˮС
˵ƾԴζزᱻˮɡºУϾվڰߡ
Ӧ˺ü£߷Ƶĳȥʮ־ϷЧ
ˣҲˮ߲ͣǡ۵ؿź滹δɢȥĵ⻹
һӢ۱ȵļƻ˿գǲؼԼĺƤ
һСľһȻĿľѹûʲôˡ
ϰľһ˦ľͷҲصسºȥ۳ϹҺпľһȻ־Ҫʹʧһֿˡ
޶Եؿҿ㻹ͦġ
ţĿ
ϰβӺſľϵӶܺ棬лٸұһ£
˼˻֪ϲ˭Ҫ۸˭ϰ𣿡
ЦһָǸ²ͯȤ
޶˵˸ͯƺŵ˦˦ϵˮ飬Ӧش˸磬˳˦˦ӣǡôŵ̴ɧζ
˻֤Ƿԩҡ
ڽӵ˭֪ǲǱζˡ
һαԼ֮޳ܵˡ
ִ˷ʵģ쳣ֿʵҶһģ..
ƨһ·ԶкһֲõԤУæƲϻȥ
ϵʱµս˷ĵڵھһ׳λʦ¶ϺϾ˺ۡ
Ϊ׵Ǹ棬еԶ׼Ļƣǽڶа̡Ľ̵ˡ
û˿ôģֻ껨ͽӰǰһƬʪһƬ׵Ļιգ۹˰׳ߣϺ˵һʬ塣
壬û°ɣ֮罫Ժ󣬼׳˿ܲСط׳壬뽫
Ķ쳣ᣬɽȴڵѪʹȥһֹΥ͸С
Ľ̵ʣѽΧסؿһۣδ֣ߴƿ֮öͭɫİ׼زǰŷĽ̽ͽؿڡ
öҲ֪˭ˡ
ֲЩ⣬ΪʱԼʵʵˡҲûʲôȥ˼ǣ׳ƸΪҪ
죬Χ㱻ˮˢǰ·꣬׳塣
㱼ͷһɡȥͷеʧ
ͷɡǰлȵһޡ
Ļذָ޵ĺ们£Űɫɡе޹
ɡڱΣбɡڡ׳˿ڻδ֮˺
ƫƫǰ·֮ˡ
Ȱĸδ߰ɣ״̫ˡĻ᲻ֻϷַˣǰļ״иɽȥ
¶Լĵκ˽⣬Ǹ
˳ƽɡݸķʼ࣬Ȼºģ˵⡣
ûô򣿡ȷʵΪ㣬ȴǿѵó¡
ڹ𣿡Щ죬۾ŷִȫȻûΣѵĽȸС
ǲ֪Թ۵롣
һʣο׳˿ȥ͸óˡ˺ܿ㽫ʣ޼Ĺ˻ȥ
ӹɡأϵرŰ׳תȥ
û߶Զҵеɽڶ˻ܱ߿ݲһ׵Ĳݶ⣬׳Ϸʦ֣ˡ
׳ֻһ㱡˿̱һܣ˿Ϸļϣⶼܿͨ͸ҿ±һЩ컵룬ֻöѸٵؽ£ڻϺɡ
ԽԽǱʶϣܲͱˡȻȥͷĽ̲һģɵ̫ࡣ
ؿ֮ˣľһ̽նݳɴɱһǧɷŹһ˲µ׼
ϧҪܽһǱȻҪһ˵ģɡҪջȥ
ʯԣ˯Բ߽İ׳壬ʱȵʪͷ
ʱģﴳһӰȫȫβسǰϲδȾѪֻ촽ɫЩ
׳Ժ˹ãؿһۣϳصл
ڽϵֶʱ޴ȥֻ˵ʿ˽
ȥȴҲǿ֮ĩֻƽȵƵڣ˳ʯһػȥɳ̲һϢĸǳ㣬ǳû˷ȡ
˳ֱ˲£ִҲյȴֲ񴿴Ⱦ˷纮˶ͷһأֱⶼһƬ
жˡ̧ƽעҪü΢ϿЩ׾ӵݼ֮ǰȰ²ᣬųÿȡεĿԡ
꽫ڴʯڴʪһƬĺ⡣ڶƽɵİ׳壬תٵǡôر˿źš
Сԥؾܾˣֻݵһˡ˷纮ҲȷϵĶǷΣգ㿿
ҵЦ£ǳʧȥ˵һţϲϵ߳ϸ԰׵촽ʧˮ˱Ƥʹȥ쳣


4
ѵ㼰ʱô͵Ϯ
ϸббش붴ڣֻȣʶʼģȻҲһ㣬лɢȥ˿ŵöࡣ
ڶѨڲİ׳壬ʣ޼ĽԼù
ѵõůʶһ˲㱵Ļէů岻ֵز¡ᣬ˿ϷסĲ΢ĺֱһĴС
ջ֣˿Լãϧˡ
һֱţûͣЪ֪Щ˸ʲôڵֹۡ
ĿѾ߽΢ҹ¶ȵ½ίĺԽϸ飬żʹࡣɱȴأСƵġ
ϸܴЩǻֿǻƽʱĿǻȥֺ⣬һĵζ
֪УһȻҲᷢ
ΪһпΪеİˣԴ˵ĵһӦȻǵĴǷ˹ζĥǷܵһİѱ
ұ鷢ˮʪڷɢ䣬ɫ˳죬ĵޱȴޡڵģʵ˺
ֻϧ֪Ĺȥ
·ӮУȻȻذڵľٶһЩ֮뵽һ
Щ񱣬ԼĶϣκΰ˿ԼãĬĬ룬Ҫˡ
Ķν׳˯úܲȣֵ㡣
֪־԰״̬ʲôãϣû뵽治ٶ˱쳣
Ķϻڲϵ߳飬üȻϵıʹݼȴûκһ˿
ǷܵϿĳͷһ㡣
ľٶ֤ĵĲ²⡣˵ʲô飬˱ò

ʱѾڰ׳࣬һֳֻ°ͣһֱֻϣڱĿǳߡ
ƿϵ£˼ע˻˿̵
˭ҲǸչ˵ġյĶԤѾٴθпԼĸ
֮У΢Ķ˯лعֱ°׳Ķͷ½
˿֪ʱѾת˿Լ
̽ȥȡȣ᳤Ķϲ
ʮ䣬ǰ˵ǻȫȻͬ¶ġ
̧Ȼؽȥ·ǰĿֻĴѵ㼰ʱô͵Ϯ𣿡
ˮؿίߵǺֶΣӣһҹܻˡ
ǻöϣĳԻرֲֻ¼ޡһ촽ѻָЩٲһ׸ģ
߬סϸϸ̽ھʲôһҹⶾ˳ƽԼë޵ԴȻظļ磺ҪʲôҶģ߬ô
ŵ޵㣬Ƶػ龰嶸Ȼһֱ˵˵ˡ
һ˲ĳš
ƤĬȻջ֣Ͽκαϲ֪Щʲô
̽Ե׳ѱ룬Ҷ㲻ȤķӦĹȥȴܸȤҹ
ԭΪԼЩзӦǺֻԭΪѣͷԻһ죬ѵЩľګԭء
Ժ쳣ңԶߴΧһбʶá
..ȿ..׳ת໰ٸ׳ߣһַļࣺʦ֣ްɣоЩô
׳ͷʵģ˶أ
ʱɢˣȥҸطһȥǻϡȫȻǰǰ佩Ӳѵõİζ˵ĲǺأġ
š׳Ӧ
ǰһ㣬ʵڵķʦǰ˵ᶪǣΪλһ
Ǳ˵̫ˣά࣬˵һϢֻôˡ
ô˾䣬Ŀעȼ̿Ȼ̫ͬ


5
ΪҳĺŮӣء
˵ݲԶӺ󷽴ڵݳһլλǰҸա
Ѿȫⷽ˵Ļɫһ
˵Ӧʵڿ£룬ŶԷΣԼΪҪε˼ʵݳǣǶڴ˴𣿡
ҸǵѲܡʮᣬ˲
ǵݵһܣ׳ȻϣܵռǺպŵڣմʣʫʮ꿼нʿӴ;һ·ͨ
ԭΪԼݣû뵽Էô̹ȻؽԼļҵף޿ڸġҡ
һҸСȷʵʼԼǰжϡ
һԵİ׳°Ȼش֪óȻǰǷ߶š
ʵĳҸõ᷿ΪľǵȺֹ˵һ̡ļֱ񻰡
Ű׳̸ӣûֹһȷʵ뿴ˣʲôδСɫķ

ոڵƽߣƺֲѩ׷ǰݺԳһƬصĳš
ոĸǰֵأŽգѰĹٻҴͬ
̨ףסŻ¡
Ż򿪣˼ǰһڻү
شˣҼŮȰס᷿
ǡӦԵմ˽ճ⣬Ҫպܻ
ͷʾ˽⣬Ͱ׳λ
Ͱ׳û߶ԶһȺŮΧܣŷոڼȫŮ͡
׳屻λŮȥ˶᷿סʱһǣżλȵŮΪԼ̴Щִٲսġ
׳СŮӽӴÿÿЦҪȻмܲסôŮҡ
λŮȥȴһλŮ׳ϵ߳ɫѪϵЩأҩɡ
׳ɫ΢죬ԥ鷳ˡ

ոڲĲʮ£Ȳ¶ʣҲ·һµŵĽˮī
ʵһŵôԸģϾʲôŻʹҹǰʧ̬ľٶ
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Ѿŵ˳ȥ籡ĽëʮֲϧУ˯
סģڡĹأĸѰ˱һ⣬ٴ͵ܹҲˡ
ȴֻ͵üһ壬Ȼ¼
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Լڵ̶ȵشʹجβ
쳣ϸֳ͵ɫѵøֳһ˿Ρĺ˼£𽥼ء
һجоѣĶϻżκˮؿŴߵ
ôȻҹɻЦſϵˮ͸˼Ц
ûлػջش󱳵֣һ£ü⾿ʲô
֪νЦЦȥỺ˯һ͸㡣
Ц뿪ʱ
ҵĹȥҶʱ߶Ȼһ߳ߵˡҹɫбȻһ£ܸߣҲ׺ݣûмôµġ
ܼɬɬ¶Ĳǹȥδҿʾ˵˰̡
Ҳ֪ΪʲôᡭΪҳĺŮӣء
ҳǲĺ񡭡

ҹÿ£Ĭ˵ĹȥЩʴӵڴߣɬΪʲôЩ˵ĻԲ˵
Ϊȷʵϲ㣬ӼĵһԣҲ㡣û뵽˵Ļ˵ʵͦѹġΪҵĹȥ𣿡
̫죬ڰɫ½ǱߵĹҹ˺һ鶼ûзӦ
Ҳκһ˽ɫӵؿЩӲص㡭úϢ
ЦؿĶӣŵıӰȥ˸ȴͬͬˡ
Ȼô൱öԸһһ
޿ˣֻܵˡֹͷĻеʱָɿضţۼ׽ĲжٶȡһǦоеһƬƬë˲ʱɢˡ
ڴϣֵֿʵЩͷۣ˯ĳЩ
л˵
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6
ӲſڣҸղجΰɣ
ҹڻط·ϣеɻƺúǰһʱ֮µº½ӴӣոڼȫŮ͡
ѾһЩķòްغԼʦֽ֮ǰϰȴ
ɽ·һǲģնһʱ䣬Լʦȥʱ˵ķ޳ĵľ䱸
ĽҰôİӣټĹ
ԼǰΪζ
ڵĵƻţŽȥ׳ȻԼķ䡣
ϱȥ׳Ŵ
ֻʦʵڿɰԭĶʱ˲٣ЦҲԲȥˡ
Ҳġ
˿̫á׳˵
֪ƤĻش⣬ϵɴƵþЦ֪λϸ¡
׳ɫ΢죬ǽɡ
ôʦֻǵ𣿡ЦŶ
׳˺֣ϲԼȴԼԴףһִӹţ·ƶԷһѡԼ
ŵĹҲȻסˡ׳ػ
šӦ˳ְ׳һ̴ʦպһһʱϵɣҲɽһţȡǻϡǡһǡ
д˴㡣׳巭ϴȻذѱ£˯ɡ

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ᣬһλŮڷš׳ϵˣڻɹ
תô磿
׳岻Ȼһƿţҹ˯磬±Щ˯ˡ㽫ʳ͹ʵ鷳ˡ
ūź˵ġǳǳһЦֺ鷳һ˵Ȭұ֪ˡ
Ժͱ˵ҵһлһչɽŵӵľһֱƽƽլԺ
׳һο˵һԺиľ±ոȡ
ҪάһˡɵᣬȻһԼ
׳忴ɫЩͬļ֮УԸ⣬ҿֽ
ɲҵҡҡͷܵģչӲӦġ⸮ˣˣȻֻڸϡ
ʲôء׳൱⣬ƶոŵڣƽ׽ˣȻ˲ͨ
ɿŰ׳ɫԭҸȼҪū𣿡
׳ͷھʹȥ֡
׳ҵʱԺڵ˵
֣ĳһ󡣡׳ǰһ˸ҾżɽΪɹ
δţֻɣɫƽ뷨𣿡
ɵͷҿū澱֤ȥһУ˵ĻԲ˵
׳ԵҲ᲻ɹĳϦ飬ҶһʡɹҲ֮ȥĽһ⡣Ұˣֳȫ
磬һôáԾڴˣתȥɹʰңձ븮ɡ
ǡɵɹ롣
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ҪԼһӴլԺȴǲԸϧԼ֪̫಻֪£ǶȻԼߣֻڰ׳塣
㰾ͷˡ
׳幰ֵлֳȫ
ͷһЦС¶ѡ

ҹϡеҹ£ɫһƬ
ȼƻطϴO@Ķһ̧ͷһ˹ܼԾ±׷ȥ
ṦڽҲŵţʱ׷Ϻˣĸһơ
˱úβȵسשϡ
书ƽƽҲδǰ˷ֱǰժֿĿ
ǿվʱȻһԻۡ棬ǿʹȻȻܡ
ܲԶȥŴ·׷һƧԺ䡣
޵ƵԺ䣬ǰֲָĺڰֻϢרעȥܵĶ΢ĺͶŴ˰㴫Ķڡ
ȷλԭ˵λϮȥβδУ˵ͬʱ˵ȫ¶һ顣
ѵĹ̺ܿ죬ҲרעֱŷֲԾ
ԣ·ĲҲ˳ϺܱǸӵܵĴš൱͹˵Ǹʾѵӡ
˵ݣҲ֪Լ˿һѹȵ̬ǽߣĳ˳ش䣬ֱ
һֵβȵؿǽ۵Щ
ոûʲôˣ˿ٳٶҲµݣʱֱʧִԼ˻ͷ۵ĸо̫Ѩһֱͻͻ
֡ûжػ۵Ծؿϡ
ǿŲûƿ䣬һ޸İѡ̨֣ʮֽӲؽǰҸղŷ㸮һִ֮ͣ׷˴
ҲǹġŵϵζˣȻӦϳʱ֡
ֲûдϣ˿̺ͱһҲûʲôΨһͬůһ㣬ˡ
Ϊʲôûζˣӿ˵ˡ
͵ԡζڸˡ
Ŷš֪ˡԼΪλòᱡԭԡ¡һ뵽ԼղŽǽһ顣
ȻѲ˼ڰȫһ飬ʱҹ޹еĹС
ӲſڣҸղجΰɣ
ҡҡͷһּ繵˵ᣬϲ㡣
˻˵جθ£ǵϵ˵
㻹جΰɡ롣


7
ͣھĵطԥվûдϡ
ʱЩãƽȡԼǰΪվǶ˵䣺ֻԼǿĲܲٿ־壬جκ͹ŻԶ㡣
ָȤҿԽ㽣̸ԼϤ򣬽һƣ٩٩̸ֻͳܲסˣ޵ĻǽרƷˣǿ¾һû͵ˡ
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ûҪ͵ġ֪طԼĹȦ޹޸𣬴˿ȴԼ»֮ҹ½ȥҹ޻һͺͽĸо
Ĭţٶ˵
ڣˮγԼǿҲӱܿ־塣
㲻һĻ̧ͷֱһܺõĸףܺõĳ㺦µʱǻὫڵȫˣֻŮ
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ͣھĵطԥվûдϡ
ˡ
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Ķͣһ˲µջ֣ɫõĮ²㣬ɡ
ղһԶġǰ˵ĸڵվ
һ书ƽƽǶ㲻ġĬƬ̣ʵûбҪɱˡ
ŵؿȷԼûɫ·űľԵ¾Բðգով潫ո˵ȥ
ƽ˵Ҫһҹڷһţⲻ׳˵˾ɱģϧû֤ô
Ҳûбˡ
û֤ݣδز̽Ѿ߾֪ʲôܲɱ֮һ飬˵ȷʵԼûôû̱ƹǲⶶܵġ
Ҳաһź̾˿ҹëСӻ˺£ҲȡСѾͷƬӵˣ԰ɡ

ҹƫԶū۷΢΢ǰ
峿չ׼ʱ׼ڴϡ
һʱ㣬ȴûŹ׳Ϊ⣬ǰɵס
˻Ӧճɵƿصķš
ƽڴϣ˯ð꣬һϸϸպۡ


8
شһ֮˲ԸĴ𰸣֪ԼΪûôЦ
ľСػζţ֨ѽ֨ѽ졣׳岽ĴҴҵظ齣ǰ鿴ɵ״
ûϢǵպϸȴ֮ǰһƣй۵ĺۼӦǱжϸġ
׳ʧڴߣֱɫߡ
ˡ׳忴ɱ
˵һ벻˸¿ӦӲҪ븮ŵȥ׳Ȼ㲻Ҹϣ
ⲻ㡣ο˾䣬ֳܿ״ҹո̿ͣҴϧˡɵغйء
ֻһСŮֺͱԩ޳ôд̿ͷѾ˼ȥɱء׳üԶԾ򣬺Ҷˡ
ʲô̧ͷһãȻؿ
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޷أŶ룬׳δĻﾡʻ˶һĳų䡣
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׳壬ƷϳˣĴָСһһšߡ֡
Щ̣·֪زű˿ֻͣƬ̣Ҳ֪Ǹ˭
׳壺ָпŮзߣ
ޡ羭ĿݾɵػػҼг£Ҷø𡣿һŮѣֻΣ
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һЦ͵͵˵˵ءָ΢һĻȻ
Ǿֻܡ
ү㲻ذҡһԴƵŮԽ´һ˫޶˫ۣ˿ȴ涣ūɱģҹطһֱĵŻǲү
̧Դؿūڷǰлү˵
ΧŮᣬ½һãʾ׳һ뿪䡣
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ûʵһ¶ģһңҲɱǣһһΪǵ뷨ʬҰɭɭ׹ݳɵĸ̨ء
ҵûѪһȫɾ
ɫҰ׵ԭأ૵Բ𣬶Բ𡭡ȥıӰסɳƣ㲻ҪҪҡ
ֶȻһɣصȥ
ĶԭŭҸһߣСĵطߵѪɢ˵ΪҹҹجβأصĻˡұǰܰȥһЩİҲˡ
û뵽û뵽Ҳ´ˡ
ȥ̽ߵŷΪ˷Լ׳һѷ˶ϳɢ
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˵ĶزȥǵѪۡ
ߵϸѵõЦݣȴ֪Ϊʲô߰µ𣿡
§סǴδй飺ֻǲΪˡ
⻰ǿģعⷵ˰߶Ҽǵǰϲ˵ʱϵЦݻޡҺ֪ǲϲҡӦϲҵİɣΪԺҲû¶ôÿЦˡ
룬ֱûϢҲûøôششһ֮˲ԸĴ𰸣֪ԼΪʲôûôЦˡ
Ŵһ˳
׳ɵؿ߹
ǹһĨƣЦݣȴ죬ü˵ηɱˡ


9
ǽڻĸоЩ޸ܡ
׳岻֪Լ¶ı飬ıѻָÿһ˿
үմ˽ҹظԺڵĿյϵȺʱͨ
֪ˣھΪҵӷϴͷ׳ϹżǳЦ⣺λȻδͬŵȡϵסգҲҵʶʶɽɵܿ
׳ǰ˵ԥҲӣֻÿ׵ֹˡ
żӶȥڰɺͷһˡ
ǡ
赭дش£׳ü΢в
״ֿܾ֣˾һgǰûʹ죬΢ɾͣ£ƽؽȥûʲôýġ
һѣĴûʲô׳뿪˵Щʲôɾǰ²
յɫڵ磬ոŵƵȼ֮ʣܴӸ̤˽ȥʮͣȫûӦеĸ̬üĿ˵˵˹ģ󣬴ϹٷԵʮֹΰ
̸ܺ˼ȥ鷿鷿ÿն˴ɨʱصơܿµӰڻ
ЦüǺֿ˿ڽ
Сӡܵ˵ִ
һ£ǷҲ࿴ᣬܲĦЩ죬˵Ц
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ŵ㣬Ҫٸͻˡ
ˡӽҶֻоԵᣬᣬǽ궼Լ壺ȡΡ
罫ܻ¹ٷǳɫĳԵĶš
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ոδְ̫ЩԼһͷ
˵ڸڣҲڳܺĿԡ
ļ磬ۣʵؿһۡ
ӿɰЩЩ㶵ױ˹ߣ߰ɣ˳ȥ
ЦݼǳЦһ£Ȼס֡
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ҹķܴ󣬴Щ⡣űϿ
ÿоʱµЦŵֺõζֻʣ¿Цá
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ݵĽԽԽԤ׵رסԼ
ǽڻĸоЩ޸ܡ
ˡ֪ͳ֮˾ƣֻ͸ЩľС
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ζꡣ
ͷԻģ̵ӡẠ̊́ǵ鶯ʱı飬ޱɫʤ;һз羰
ûһΪӵȷһЩִҲڴˣȻĿ϶尾
Щϵľζɢˡһ紵ͷԱЩ
֪ϵζϾƴžдЧȷǷ֪£Ҳ޷׷
ҪǣһƺǿĴ
ȻԼһȷʵԼ
Ҿĳԣ˭ռ˭˻˵
ǱŰܵ״̬ȥġ
зֿĬƬ̣ռϷ磬ɫӵؿ²Ҫ߰׳壬ԺҪôˡ
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ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


10
ϻӵƽС
šӦ·ͲµҪ˵Ļʼնûκڴ
˹Ծһʱζӳ£ʴоԼʼĸĺ
Ҳ˵ġŵʪıЩ΢Ƥ·ѹȴŬסԼȻȥˡ
ڷԵӰһʧȥ̲꣬סס
̧˫ٵ˫Դɻ
㡭Ļ߶ɵЩͣ٣ϣ䲻Ȼ˵С
ȥӰϻӵƽС

Ѿķɿסȥǰףƿż׳ǰ״̬Щ̫ãȻһҹû˯
˼ۣôû˯
˯ţ׳һ۾ϵĳ
׳ȷʵ˯̫ţ˵˻ĿȴΡôδִӦȴδŵ״Լҹʾ¡
ǸˡϧؿŰ׳壬ѾϣҪҪڲ
׳ķӦ൱⣬ǡǡΪķӦ
ԼȷʵƵϲδйظУ͸Źŵζ
׳ԼĺܸӡһϣԼĸһԼޱأΪõİҸġ
ԼȴԸ̤һ
ǰܻԱֻеԼϲʱһԼǿάͬһ߶ϵĴ
׳Ѿݸӯϴζ൱Ϥ
ģ¶ˮµζһζȴЩ塣
ǰߵζ׳ŵʵȥʲôˣ
·һֻҰèȥݹ᾵ĺǿ뽫ϧ̫ҰˣץҼˡ
¶ץˡ׳ֻһ˵ӿͷɵȻϵζҺܲϲ
Ҳϲδ˼ǣʵʵ˵ƹδ齣ùԼ˽ȥԡ¡
׳һֱͷһЦϢһ
˶٣ڵ˶İŮӵ£ҿء
ĻһŶð׳ĪİֻϧѾ˯ˡùϵͭԭЩҵķ˿룬ȥһš
һʱǲá
ȥҲǸԡ˿һȡݵƣɫȴûѹסϵķ
ƺμĻԶĵطϸʵţʮ˹ġΨһŵĵطǽ˺ü硣
Ŀⲻ䵽ϣ׳ҹû˯𣿡
͵ҹһֻСҰɰˣؼңϧ̫ܵ죬һӾûˡҷ׷ã֮
һڲ裬Լɺ֮ͬĬĬԼǰȻֵܵز
ڼ˶Ĭûнȥ°ź뿪ˡ
պ󣬹˷ȵڵлϣֻ˶˱Ҫ뿪˵ˡ
֪˭˭Ѿδ
ĳ˴ꡣ
ԶԶ¿еȣϵİ׻ȥüĿʹ֪Щʲô
Լǰ˾Ļԥ֮ˣ޳Լӡ
õسĬţһ벻Ҫ˵ɣҲ֪ԼΪҪͣ¡
ոȲֱ᷿ͨûɡ£ĿЩſա
뵽ôûԭΪˡ
δףڵվҪȥ
ƺһٶشԼӦԷʽ
ָĦеɡ
վǿƲס
ߣȱüûɡ壬Լòô
˲Ǹãʦ˫˫ɡ촽Щ̬ĲҰס
߱˺Լ̧ܣҪ䳰ȷ䣬͵ͿЩήҵضȥ
һں䲻ϲ£ֽɡ˼ұҪˣһ̰ɡ
뽫
们¶ݵǡôֱۣЩӡ
ٶȼس֣̫
ӿЩΣϵ龰ʵܶ඼ǲ̫塣
ûץӡôץӡء
Լ̫ˡ
֪Ըἰ£߰ɣȥ
ûپܾ
һ·϶ִܰҪɡҲ
ֱһߵǰ£ŷļʪƬһֱɡԼбԵʣһʱζӳ¡
ϴɴ˾ȴʵڲ
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οؿˬ£Һû㡣
л˵
Ҳ֪ΪʲôݵúΥ͸Уǿ׳ܽľ  /̯֣



11
ֻǴ֪ԭʦ˹ذˡ
һʱ䲻֪ԼôӦϲһ˵ķʽǶãûйԼáϲ̫ˡ
ֿƺøЩ˵ȥ·
šӦЩӣĿ䵽ϣ̲סѵǵҩ
ͷһۣЦЦķ˶Ʈİ׻ֽ£־ףͣڰб˻ˡ
ɡ½εɡϷƵ죬ƽЩ
ÿȥҲ죬ûͣˡ
ɡԶԶһϤӰӰҲ㣬ηӭʦ֡
˿̿ά࣬ѾдС˶֡Ҳÿףôҵǰ
ʦ־ô𣿡άǵЦЩɬͣ˻Ȼ˸˵飬ʦֻ𣿡
ûáĿ쳣䣬ʵʰάϣˣ˷ȥΪð׳վɼΣҲһ𡣡
ȻᣬΪάӵ
ЩĻش΢Ƭ̵ûϵ
άҲ˵Ҷûϵඡ
뵽Ĺάļ磺ҡ
ҡάЦһ£ֻǴ֪ԭʦ˹ذˣ²ϲǸˣҲỤôء
ҲҲϲʦ𣿡
Ϊʲôûа봥ȴջص˫֣Ҳһȥأ
ѵΪƯԡ
һ׹άֻһʹͷȻ䣬һϸ˺۸ڶƤϡ
ɫĮɨά࣬С㿴һۣҶ޶ȵģñĲҺúˡ
άԼĶָ࣬Ȼմ˵ѪеĶӣЩݵضȥıӰ
׳˷𻰺һ˴ڷڷĵ伮רעߺȻ΢ƿ֮
׳̧ͷȥڵϲһֻڣзš
°ڣŷ⡣ϵԭȴʮʲݣּŤŤȻ˶ԭĻ̫ͨҹʱոɽȺݡ¹غʮǰİ׼ŲҰһǰ
׳彫żڣҹʱֳ˯֮ʣһǰɽ
˿ҹɽ󡣰׳忴ڻҡεӰɵŴ˵ˣ˾֮⣬ߣǰһŮסȥ·
ŮѪͳһ˫̵ӫӫĻ˰׳ȴΪϹϾ˸ѧԭ˵ĳν׹ӡ
Ǻˣ׳ɻ
Ǻ˲ҪҪҶһͬĵˡɽɡ
˵׳ۿɽɴҶɽҵĵˡ
ʱף֪еҲпԭ˵ꡣ
ŮỺ͵ڰ׳Ķ𣬰׳ɫָĦţԵ쳣
ĸĸ͵ɽɵ书ؼ޼ʽӳʦšؼɽɵ֮Ум˶죬ҲóȻ֡
ؼһʧԣɽڽз׷ж˶ìͷָ˫ס֪˫ŸɵΧ׷½ءֱһҹһȺٷ˰ΧǾסĿջĸĸǰʱɽɵĳϼµӾڲԶǾĸĸѳʦžǸԼȡ
ֱ䵽ͷϣǲŽȱءǸűɱ㸸ĸɽɳߵǰװ˴ˣΪɽ
꣬û׷˫׸Ͳ㱾иҸԲļҡ
׳ɫԽԽ䣬ΪŮ˵֪ʵ飬ΪЩһֱ֪
ҹͶڿջİ͸ŷ⿴ؿĸĸɱҲؿ˲Զɽɳ޶ԵӰʱѾСˡһӶμȵģαװʰԼĶͷɽɷ
ֻһֱƭԼΪ֪ΡûҲҷʧȥɽɱӻԼͷһ޿СؤÿֻĶܶüˣһ档
ųѡͶɽɡ
ѾҪɽɵıӻˣԡ׳˫΢΢սһ˿⡣
˵Щʵá׳忴Ů޵ӰϲڵҲûֶԿɽɡ
Ůûϵ׳ʹؽɽǵ˵ʵ΢΢һһ½ӳؼ׳УɽĽʵƤëȻôһֱ£ҽشĹպػʱһϵ㣬Ӧһ˵ɽɡ
׳忴ؼԭעĴ֣δԥˣ̤ҹɫȥ

άΪһ̵ĶӣûУмǮֻŮһ̫õϲҹͨ˼˰ΧסԺ
ά֪׳Ȼ书Ըɱֻ´࣬Һܴ˿һìͷָ
άֻǸͨĹٻӵܣ׳岻ɱɱͨЩ˸ʿˣҲû֤֤ɱģزܶԼô
תɱַԸؽ¡
ЩʿӦͷһӰԾǽԺС
άཹȺ浶⽣Ӱһ죬Ƭ̺ڹƽ
ס飬ȥҵ״һžͿصʬ壬ңȴûһġ
ԺƵƷƣ˿̻վߵάߣЦ㾿ʲôˣ
ά࿴һʱ侹˳룬ϵ亹ֱ䣬Щ״εص㡭㾿ʲôˣ


12
ȫˣ㲻¡
ɱҵԭʲôά⣬˼һЦʵ
άԲ֪ǳˣʶʱΪܣͷˡ
͵͵̧ͷƳһۣȾ纮ĵǲò࣬ģȴ񲻴
ԿȵЩƣԴյ룬֪ͲСˡȣҲٺȡ
ά࣬ЩôһֻӶɱ֣սСˡ
ɽɵոҲƽһЩҪ鷳
ɾŹĻδ̫Щ
ά°ͣһҩι£ͱΥˣǰĻ
άֻɬ˼ȴ²ָ߬⣬¶һֺõЦݣ֪չҪʲô
δӦûã뵽˾͸㡣
뾯һάࡣάֻһڼʹ棬Һ޼ֵСˡˣֲСҲҪ
άϻ̳Ͽֵ뿪Ժ䣬嵽رߣָָԼĺŻãȻоһʹæܵ޼ޡ
һ󷭽ʱά˫ȷشӲ޼ɫҰ׵һŰֽ
ţƽһαϷˣԼҲͰˣһǰδıİҲ˿Լ
άſϣѾôʹˡ

׳մӺɽ󣬰᷿ڷؼȵҹˣͳϰ
򹦷ȷʵɬѶ׳أУȴԶԶ˹æеĽװϰӡ
׳˻ڼ׳飬˼ϵ⡣
ЩȻЦôӡ
ӹ׳еĽ˼С
׳ûĦĽֻ֪Լʦһֱ츳ǰѵһѧšһŷĽ֮ɡ
ֳɵĹУֻɽҳٶȻѲڳ˵ķڡ
׳ĬĬ룬ԼҪòܴﵽˮƽ츳ʵһ˿ɺ޵Ķ
ԼѾⰵյĵ·
֪׳ϰʱԸ˴ţδôܿˡ
ҹżţطʱ·סȻ洫ЩӵĶ

ϸԼյеĶǷֽšΪѰҩ޷˺ʮɢ˵ҲֻסԼʱˡ
άȷʵЩһʱо飬ͷԻЩɵøп⼸ʱ˲ãĸһһ졣
Ҳѵصɱֻ֣һЩֵǿ˵ùȥūˡάΪסԼԼ޲ˡⲻ֪ԼĲ
Щ˵൱¶ǣ˵΢Ȼĺ塣
֮翪ţϲз֮ڶࡣϧ⣬ֻůڻѰӸ᲻һȤ
˿Щ°Ȼؿһ󵨵ֱǰ˦ǽϡ
ü¶һ˿ãͻûڸʧȥġ
Ƴǰ˵Ĳ׼ȷؽһϸԺ·Ѩ˵ͫȻŴ󣬻صϡ
Ŷ룬ֻΧסһ˻ѹϡֻͷ죬ɿؽˣȻûע⵽һǰѾȥ
֣˳Ȼذһܺߵ
ЩˣܵҩԵӰһ˿⣬䵽бԵЩãȻ޴롣
Ѿ˸ס׻Լֱӹϵ
һɼθмҪ
ԺиֳʷʱĳһҹʱֻŲ¹ȥˣȴΪԼҪٴԶʱµľ
֪Լôοźá
֣뱧ȴ̫ͻ
Ȼܵŵ˿ܻʶرԼ
ָⴥ䣬ǿƵؽ˹Դίؽͷļࡣ
΢
ûˣȥˡοشĺ󱳣§ġ
һֻذͷϲȴĪЩۣǰΣĲ¡
κһԼ޷޶ԡ
ҵάˣȴҲ޷˵Լ´˿̵
ȫˣ㲻¡ԭߴ˿ȴ൱ᡣ
Ӧ˫ֱ͵Ϳ§ǻȥòã


13
ϸĦڵо졣
ͷɿĬվһԵ
紵գָоڵҩЧɢȥпǽеС
˼ߣȻס֡ʶ֣ȴָܵĵ⣬񣬻ּ
ɫЩްԭ˦ͷѹȥ
ûлȴҲûɿֻǣš
ĴҲָܵⱻ紵ô΢ȴȵġ
Ĭţؿǳ
һˣԼ޷ӦĹ̵ĸ飬ȻȴװԵӱֳĬԱ಻Ҫ鷳
ָʱصɨָֻԼѰҰȫаˡ
ԼܸҲֻаȫˡ
ƿţƾżһƬڵڵơ
ǵһķڣոѾȻϤİϢ
ԣĿ䵽ͷĻеʱϡֻед۸ӵĻеǣѰϵСһֹ
֪ԽΪСɵĻеܶȵҪԽߣҲԽƴӺװ
Դѯʵģ
˶٣ӻʱġ
ȡеԴعĦĻع졣
Сʱ游ϲ͸ˡ˼ǲ¶һ˿Цݡ
ֻеʱǰŸոй㣬̸ԼĶѵе游һǸˡ
ЦЦûٽӻ˿̵ģƺѾȫȻȴ˷ŷ顣
һμʱıֱ൱ûûΣ֮й֮޲˭Ҳ벻˻ҹҹجβ
ȥ·ϴȵЩ˺ѷΡ
˱Ȳ
ҪҪ˯
šӦӹȲһ
ԭЩ⣬һʱ̱˯ˡ
͵£ڴϣٵĺڷڼֻ࣬Сèһ΢ӣ΢Щƽȵغš
˯գȻôǺÿذڱս棬
ԼҪиĺӣ϶޷졣
ܿȥȴģոǡûһ纮Ӳ˺ü죬ϵĺӡҲû˸ҩ
ʵЩ˼
ϧûʱҲû˶ã׳طһ˿϶ߡ
ȷްˣԭζҳɿ
ʰ𴲱ߵİԴתĨ˰׵ıӰ
άδϢ֪±ȻĲ϶˴βŹԼһ֮Ȼɽܱܷͷ
ϵάԺʱȥ¥գֻһǺ˵֬Ϣ
ζά쳣۵вЩ񺮡
ҹѣȼϵ̨ŵƻд˷šüĿºרעĮȻ
պ󣬳˶˵ִո׳ʰڸš
ȥȴ˳ү³ȥˣ͸λ
ˣźˡ׳Ӧ͹˷ַ˼䡣
˶Ĭվһԣ˴Լɫˮòȴ˾쳣ɿ
ߵߣ˹ʦ֣ǰյһȫֵš
ʲô
˶ӻóһ˻ֽͭʱ˷Ҳ𣬷׷Χ˹
˷ݣʧȥ£ǰҲյˣ˵ʥѾʯָҵᡣϸĦڵо졣
ǻصˡбᣬһˡ
ЦϹеһƴ
֮ǰֻ˵ƾʱٿᣬȴ⽭һаҲЧ˷ʦ˼ǻȥΪá
׳Щɫ죬ʵʲô𣿡
û˱ȷǸıҲû˱Ҫ̽ı
̧ͷ˰׳һۣ˼ѹȥûС


14
Խĳ࣬ȻԼ൱ûʤ㡣
׳岻ϲðա˼õķ񶨻شǾô˴ǰȥΣء
ɹ˷ȴδй˵ȹǡ
üͷԽϸԽôڱسɣΣαᶼҪ¡䵽л˵䵽аУ롣
ܹĻ͵ڰṰɽˡأЦ
׳忪ڵֽĪ⣬ͬдСġ
ʲô⽭ܴҵ˻ûء
..׳ǳǳЦˣ÷
ЦЦקס˰׳֣Σ
ɷüĿ価Ӯᣬʦֱҡ
׳һȣһ䣺˵
㲻ǲӮôȻӦҡɫƫ䣬Цǡôкһḡ֪Цȴ޷ܾ
׳תȥϴһ㲻˵Ҿ͵Ӧ˰ʦ֡
׳Զ˼׳巽ŵķӦЦЦ
ϲ׳壬Ц˶˲١룬ϲһ˾Ӧڵġ
̫ˡصδϣֻһЩ
ãҲҺáԼϡ
ʮ￪·ϣ㲻ͷҲ֪ոɵĴɫѰ

˴αʥ̷ֶ棬λڞݾڵİɽϡ
Ὺʼǰ˵رѾۼˣɵռɽ¼еĿջ
ɽԽһ򽻺ã˷˸ϵԽó˼÷ס
ʰ⴫򿪷żһλŮվ⡣
һ۵СǰλǵŮصһ
Ľ硣Ůػһ
Цһ£Դؿ׵ôôˡ
ΪĽþûԽɿˡԵЩģƹ߽ڡ
˵㲻׼ӵķ𣿡һλòڵӡ
Խ˹
ԽֻԵĺǱá
ĳѷһЩȴΪһЩ
ʱȥԽСס˼£ǻöͬˣ
Ȼ̫ϰǵسƺԼϾǶʱ飬Ҳû˵ʲô
Խ̸ãԼضˣҪҪһȥЩСƣ
赭дҡҡͷ
ϲ¥翼Ϸݡ
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벻ⰮãҲҸֵġЩط˲Ǹô
Ӧֻ
˰֪ˣȥСұ֤ˡ
ЦûСʥΪһа̣ȴĽһ˺Ͳɶάűϵó
¥ʥ̹ϽµһӯĻɫشҲȥ
˿ջ·¥˵ص¥𴦵Ĳ޲ͬʥµģȴޣ˵ķռ˴
֪ǲǽҪٰԵʣǳ֮󣬹һյˮѾɽµҾ
һħ˲ֻҰķڴɱɱϣóǽǷǳµǰס
ѹ˼üҼ١صСϽϵЩͬ˵࣬˵
СȻжϣ¥ϴŵһλƽĸӵſ˳˵Ŀ⣬ü˳۵ظŸ涵ŮӡǸӵܲЦ״ضˣ¿ҲȲϵѲĶӡ
ǺΰȻǱȲϵġô˵Ҳһŵڣ⻨¥Ტۡ
ޡǸӵ¶ࣺĵıûУҵڳԣҸɰҳˡʱĴ»绨¥潼ˡ
ү˵öԡС˼Լ鲻ãæ͵ĳ൱ĸүʵЩˡģϸǸģڴָжء
ǼЦЦϸ̸֪Щ֮¡
˲Ϣ֮䣬յǵıյһ飬ˮһ
СææҵؽԼүϵľˮɨһܣĿⶨϣϣҵ˭ءһСⱭӹģֻ˸òû۰
СתߣصĴָļࡣ˿ŷִ˵ĴʮֹֻȻɵҵɣвЩ⡣
Ȼҵϯ䣬̧ͷһۣû۵ް͹ˡдЩ˵ЩŬһӣ书λˣûࡣ
..
ʹСƳԶײ˺üϯ
Ǹӵܵ˼״׷ǹʵʮؽԼүΧסڳһķ̬ʵȫֹ
ЦһۣŵϰУȨǮתԻԽ߰ɡ
ʶ
档
òһڹٻӵмΪڣν⣬ٳš
Խĳ࣬ȻԼ൱ûʤ㡣
ѹְЩ¥ŮӶоԽйһ˲˸Уᣬ㣺ԭ׺ɽ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


15
û˱ҸϤʥ̷ֶڵĻأȥ԰
ˡЦؿһۡ
ԽŴ˻еҸȼĲӰګګȻϲٷ֮أһȥҹй䣿
׳壬ƾܵʱѾˣҪȥˡ
Խ֪СͺԼ⣬һ˵鲻׸ı䣬Ҳ˳˼һؿջȥˡ
ȻǰйͰ׳ĴţҲ٣ڴҲֻǵ˼ˡԼǼʵò׳壬Ψһıദʱ䣬һ㻹Ǻֲġ
̫ϲ֬ζطԡѣ׳չ飬ɢؿڴϣаԼİԴ
׳岻֪ǲǲ˹̹ԵʣѪӿĴϲŭҲ쳣
ù¿ãжµûţ찴಻סط·Խ˵ˣֻȷʵӦó֣öԡο۵Ļˡ
ֻϧ˷ʦֵ̧ͷ˰׳һۣЦʦϲ˵϶ۡ
ʦɽǰǵ̲ޣΪľǸĵ㻨Ǯִŵүɡ׳֪Ŀ϶ԼǮôһ˵ĵһ˿ɢҲ˼Ц
һʱĲˡģ֮Щ飬˿ȥǵ䣬˵Ŵ
׳Щס۾
ֻάһ˲׳о΢۷Ĵһ롣
Ϲһ׵׹׹԰һ鼫С䣬̳ͭǮӣ˿ѩ׶ϸ顣ɫɫԼϲɫԼҲ䡣
׳жݣȻһԼǱİӳŵŮӵĸо
ܶʱԼȷʵ޷ܾʾãЩС
лл´βˡ׳尴סĵ׵ŵתȥԡ
ķǵǿɰɵõЦֻƽ񳯣ٺòˡ

ĽĽôűõ죬ѴԽڷ⾲˻ȥơ
ڳϵؿտҲԽüһʦȥˣԺ
Ҳ˲پƣԽЩ˼
ҽڷܣǲ뱻ұȥ׳岻ѿڶ
𣿡ԽګګЦ¡
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ԺеһʣƮ֦Ѿء
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׳ĬҲܵӰ죬Զûбƽ

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·Ҳࣺһô
ĿĿ±ħа͵͸ʤߵһˣǷȥʱ뷨Ϊҽȡȡʱ䣬پ֡
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16
ӵĶ˳Ķµ˵ͣЦ
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17
µúܿ죬ȥȴΪ侲
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18
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20
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21
ȻһЦһһ֣صд㡣
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ⲻĻ֮ƣԼĳԼԻǳ಻Ҫ鷳
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ΪʲôǣΪɽɵƿصģ˶Գ͢߹ĺ
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Բ״̬ķӦ˵סļͼعǻȥ˯
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֪»ԼǸ൱õʱü
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ҵͷת˼ǧ̾˿ûж˵ʲô
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ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


22
ˣ϶ĵˣԥ
ڴһ࣬Ӻܿ˯
º͵Ĳϣȴڴ߶
˿̵ĳ뿪ոǰ˺Ҳ
֪ûʲôʥ̻ص˽⡣
ͬһˣǽӽԼĿĲò˶롣
ϻĿĽӽԼûһҲһǧֻһΣԼ

ףסȿȣȿȿȡ
һ㣡Сӣ»д鷳
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һ̡Ȱˡ
ȿȡȿȡףͷΡС׽˵ʲô˵СӲĲӣִҵĸ֫ѾͿ԰ұˡ
Ŷ״ˡ

ˣСˮˡ
𣿡
ѧӾˡ

ףףǸҵ쵽ˡûи׼óԵģ
׼ģ㳢
ףҺȵʲôһҲ𣬿ȿȡףιСӲôιġ㿴һһιż
ˣԼɡ
ףҵĶӺеۡ
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ˣôꡣˣǸСҲˡ
ӣʲôѽ
شʦϷֵͼֽ˶ãҾͿеʱĸˡ
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±һײѣۣʶֲֻ̧һĽʸС
ȻԼĴ̧۷ڴߣƲԼĶؿԼһۡ
ԭΪԼ޲ʹ飬ٶμĹϧԼǵ͹ʵǿ
ű򿪺Ҳû˯˺ҹҹҪűһЩ¶ȵĶ˯ھѡ
װµط˸Σȴ˯ˡ
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ѹֽô˶Դֻ֮ϧ˹ԼҪʲô˵׷ûЧġ
աҹдһΪ΢ĻеպҲֻļΪڸǡ
֪ʥ̰Ӷˡת˲֮Ѳټ·´׷˳ȥ
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ݵĳĬǸ˴𰸡
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ܣĿ䵽ǰ̨Ļ̳ϡ
̨һ㱡ң̳ȴһƬǸɾģԱŲ
̳Ųȥݷɿתţԭ״
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ȻҪһ̽Ҳһȥ
ص谵˵߶һյյǰһ޴ʯʯһ鲼ƿصʯ̡
廨ŵСشŶӦŲͬĻޣǸʯԲĵĿأرƿء
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һɨǰ壬з붽
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׳ԼԲصް
һҺͳʦܡԽشǵĶԻ
ЦһεǲǺö˶˵վǰô
˶ԹЦڵʦֻ֣һ𣬹أ
Ȼ𣬻ͷԵĹѾˣȴٲˡ
л˵
һɽϦꡪ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


23
͸ɴ½㣺λ˵
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˿̿ԽԽݣʵеԽԽÿˡ
ûֻһĿ϶
͹˵Զ˵ʲôҪʲô
ҲûеʱĿֻ֣ʣһһεؽеƽʹԼʹԶʡ
ҵʲôط㲻ġʫʫβˮ޷Ƶػ
ԭ׼ЦߣƬ̳Ĭ
ϲҡ¿һһֱشϲҡ
һ˾ǵݸ˺һѵϵ˺̫ˣҾٲһѵˡ㶮𣿡µƽᣬʫʫ΢ԭأһʱ侹ѹ
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¿ʫʫֹסᣬЩİ˿Ҳȫˡߣ϶ңǰ˷š
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һ֪Ǽٵģ¿ʥ̲´˾ִֻΪ˳ȥеһЩҪǽɽĵһ򾡡
˴ǰĻɽӼȫûʥ̵ĿѾﵽӦҲʲôϷˡ
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˹ƵıҲ˺ÿԽһŭҪȭͷٽȴ᲻ãֻᴷ硣
ȭЦˣеôãһ˰ɡ

´ӻ¥¥߹Ŷң׿ȻѣҲԴǧ֮Ϣǰ߶š
ﻹʥ̵ĵ̣²뱻ʿ֣֦δжαװ
߼䣬һŮӺȻײĻ
·Сġ
ǸŮԱߵݺɫȻң֪ʲôطҺе·ˡ
Ůӳúܺÿµĺرòһ£Цһ⣬²̫㣬ȥɡ
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´ŻصջſڣۼջһȺԽɵĵӣ￴ģû뵽Ǹˡ
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Խ¥˵úôڿջܡ
Բ𣬸硣ҸղŲ·ˣλӰͻ£ЩΪʲôк
֣벻ôּˡԽǰøš
겻ңʦʾܾ
ǲ˵𣿡һС
͸ɴ½㣺λ˵
л˵
ƵƵĴ̼ʹҵʹԶʡ̩
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


24
Ρһ仰Լ˴

֪ȥԴϵż̫ɰư͵ëκˡ
ʮԽϲⷺһĨ졣ԽȻûнܹ¿˵ʵ΢ԭء
ȷ˵ĵߵߣл˵
һʼ׼Ǻܾȣͷ
Ϸţȡ¶ңժɫߡ
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е鲻٣߼˱׼شøиʶ
ЦһͦҲͦ˵ġ
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25
ȻκһֵĳνЩ档
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26
׳޷˵ԡս
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ڴߴ˸С̨ӣһֻеϣϻһѴСķףװڲͬʵڡ
СĶͷͷף벻ͬĴײͬһ׾ӡ
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Ǹݽɫ

Ⱥ˽̨ȥǿеλ֡Ȼһˡ
˵ĺƱĵƬһƬͣѪȴδ˫ţҪץʲô
üĽ
˵ֻڵϣֱţûϢ
̨ϣ˵伴ʤĹ涨ֱӻƺҲ˵
ֶ֮˷ָ
ѪȵһĻмֱӷѡ˳
Ѫɱһˣ˫ɨ̨µɡ
ձ˳һǳıǲԽɵĻԽ
ԽԾ̨
ѪԽȴˣ˶Ǹ廨ͷһݰ
һԽȥ
Խ΢΢ô˵ҲǲԽɵĴʦ֣ԽΪȻˣЩҲѧ˲ٱ¡
ش˼غϣѪۼδ֣ڳ
ԽϰĽΪ˫н˼ͬʱʹѽһֲϵĲ㣬׸з
Խһ𡸼ѪеУһŴȥ
Ѫۼ²˳һæ䣬䡣
ԽȻȥκαȣ֮ܶɱ֡
սʣת̨ȥ
Ѫԭǹڵϣ˿̺Ȼ˦һѷıԽϮȥ
ԽšѪ϶֣ȴһס˱еĹѵһײ˫˫̨֮ϡ
˦̫죬û˿Ǵɹȥġ
мؿһۡ
ȴһȻӣЦһϾҲʱһֱˡ
ϵı쳣ʣüεصҲ̫ǳ˰ɡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


27
Ͽ侲֪ҲǸոյ֪׳˹
ԽгϷȻڣȣ̵ȴթҰˡǷøǲԽһ
ʥ̷ֶԵӦӦá
ʹɫˣֶʹֵǰֻʹУֻ°ɡ
ʹԱϣ򡸼Ѫȥ
ѪӶϱ۴罦̨ϡ
·ͻȻʹҼڶǻԽҪáѪҲһʱ˵ȳ𺳵˵
ʥ̵ĽڶýڵĵҩһΣ򽫵ξѣ췦ҲеĽڶϼΥ档͵
ԡѪŻվԭʹá
㡭дǡ
̫ӦȻĹУѶ˼ϸ¸շް
ϹɵЦݣи˼֡
ȴΪرߡͺñһ֢Ĳ˶رֵüǿܲǰɥ
ʥ̷ֶȥɣ
Խƽµ̨ӮֱԺϢֱڶֱԵĿʼ
Խһغ꣬㵽ɽɡ
˴α鵽ߵɽµһСʦܣֺġ
ֺȻҲûԤϵԼôùسǵѶȡ
η壬ȴǵʦĽ̻壬Ҷɵ棬ָ΢ذγеĽ
ȴְֳֻԴûаνĴ㡣
ֺĴһԼ׳ֽȥ
΢תһ̣ͬʱϥײС
ֺĳʹὣͷȥ
ְֳԴʵסĽ˳еĽһؿڣ̨
ʼûаγֺֻܵƤˣȻ¸оЩۣʹĿȥҲ졣
ֺˣսپǸмˣʰ·硣
̨»ȻһƬ̨һ·ܱ߻߻͵Ľ̸
ûΣֻƾ¾ʹɽɵŵӡɽô˵Ҳǽͷɡ
ǰǽе֮ĵһˣ۽ֲûȥۼ˵֮˿ȥѽ꣬ɽɵλû˵׵ĴҲΪ档
ҽ̵ҲĶ֣ŷɽĪˡ
书ǿҲϳ˸Щ
߹һѹʲôɽõᣬǶǱ㰵г֡ȻôɻĶҲþصס
ʥ̵Ǽٵġһ֪ȻЩʥ̵ͼ
´˴α᲻Ϊ˳ȥɽô򵥣ʥ̼пѼǰʱѰᡣ²˶Ŀپ֡
Լõٵᣬһ·ϻ鷳
˴α᲻ʤ˲Ϣ֮жϡ
ͬʱ׳ѻ̨
սǧɽµĴʦĪ峽
֮ҲֵɺɡԽɺɽɽа֮ãڣǧɽɺɽҲһֱˮš
Ҳˣɴʦ֮ĶԾ¹ɼ档
̨¿͵СſϷ
ѻصԭλյð׳սʤĪ峽˽롣
Ȼ׳Ī峽غϱ
Ī峽վİ׳壬Ц䣿
ԼҲ֪򲻹ҰɡĪ峽Ͼվһԣ㶥ɽɴʦֵţȴǸʵʵķ
ɫԸоϴ⡣
׳ֻѪӿһֱѹеĲƱ޷Ŵ
ֲԾйĪ峽ȥĪ峽ܲһƣֱŻѪ
ǧɽɵĵȴͻıзӦ׷ӿ̨Īʦ֣Īʦôˣ
Īǧ˿Ӧ׳࣬е˿
ҼĪʦ֣һ֮ǧɽɵһҵڰ׳ǰ
Ŀͣڰ׳ϣֻػص̨ϣһʼ㶨õĹء
ǵӻԣֻȷϰ׳ްԼΪƽԵʦ츳ڴ˵ѱĪʦȴڽһߵڣô̿ŬҲԶﲻ塣
ƽȴԶ׼ĳζ
㡭ǵӱ˵һ뵽Լʦǰ԰׳裬־öԷԲ֡
Ͽ侲֪ҲǸոյ֪׳˹
ſ˵ȳһжݵĴ㵡
˷ȴ൱侲
¹侲Լδܿݵֵز
׳ĹЩ죬俴Ǻźɣȴԭֵ·ضԴҲ֪
Ϊ˲лɳˣȷ˳˰׳˹ɽɲǸܡ
׳̨Ұ⣬ڵʦ֣л㡣
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


28
Цһĵԣرɰ
׳֪Լһʱ嶯´±¶ԼĹٽԼ˹ŮӺɽɱһȫгһŹԼ
ĸɽǸܣɽɵĳΪԼ̧ͷˣֻ˵ԼĸǱɱԼա
ֻҪԼ˵Բ֪׳嶨ʼ̹Ȼߡ
Щͳ⹦ʲôʱģ
в޹Уȴձ
׳ȻԼ·Щѹ
²ѹʱ̣׳嶨˶񣬵Ҳ˵Ƿˡ
׳뱨ֲֻ֮᣺츳ɾɿأһֱôȲ㣬·Ѿˡʲô
˵Ҳɣ־÷һʵû塣
⹦ԭİɣɫӡ
ҸĸҵģҲ֪顣׳ѣ˵ٲؼӿ˼֣ҸĸǸգռ˲ٱɵ书ؼ
⹦Щаԣֶаʦˡ
ȴ˽ᣬʦҪ𣿡ܻʺĹ
ңʦûбҪұȽϣɽɵĴʦ֣ԶǡĻܼᶨȴмįԱ
ϲ˵ôüУ˶мѹ
پȤתߡ
׳Ĵ˷ڲʤôδԼܣ˿¼ڸǣеʧʧȴ¶š
ֱŷԭһֱԼ´˹°飬ϢԼȴǺõû˵
ԼȴΪµһֱԶ
ˣһֱԼ߾ˣ֮¿ơ
⹦Ҳˡ׳忴ȥıӰеԺ𣿡
֪ҲΪֵһһ׾Ӯ۽ʦһʲôء׳Գ˵һø졣
ȥıӰ׾ĸֵʱͣ£תһؿ׳壬ֻǹ⵭ˡ
ĳ治Լ΢ɲһЦȻȻ
Ű׳壬˼Ͱ󣬵شӦˡ
׳Щϲߵ࣬ԶȺеЩ
ĿƳ˰׳кģɫȻ˼֣Ǿؿջ
׳˳߿ԼĴĺɵЩңô
Ӧ⣬ؽš֪׳ԴһųԼвûмְգҲԡ
׳㷲Ļ˼֣˿ջ
Ұ׳Ĵĺδɢ׳廯⡣ƻʱ׳Ĵĺȥް
˶ľ޴߳ᱡĺ⡣ȥԡطЪȻԼŴæлû˸
յıһʱǰѽ»ûʵЩԾ
ͻԽ֮Ĺϵͽţ֪᲻ǳʲô鷳
´ſ
Ҫȥʲô
ѯʣͣ˽Ų׳ǰûʹȥʲô
Խǻûлȥ
Խɺɽɵ˶һ𣬲µġ׳ԵЩҸо廹Щ
º͵͸żֹУﲻ
˵ҵĸղŵ֢״ȥַ𣿡
ذ׳ĴߣϺƽ׳Ͼദܸ꣬ܵĵĳ벨
˼ûȫȻ׳忴Ĳߣȴ·ôҲ͸겻׷ô࣬ȴƫƫֻϲԼһ
ڣڵʦ֣һЩĻԽǣȥȥͻء
䣬мᣬһںĴ˵ڵһ̣Ѿ
׳֪һ˵£Ͳ׸ı䡣
ﵣĵǻԽ𣿰׳ֻԼеԤһһ棬ɬܽܵġ
򿪷䣬ӭײϻԽһۻԽ΢΢üأ
Ŷ˵һˣʹ˱
һɫȻص˵ͷ
ûᣬջ
Խһ
Ѱ˺ܾãֱϵĵ̶ʼˡ
һ˵ĽھϰѾʼϿͣ͹ôãСҪˡ
˵ؿջѿûطȥˡ
żϰĻ︴͸ϲɫ͹ȣʲôСҪ𣿡
ˡ
ڣһ£ھһС
ҹˣĶҷһԣڷɢڼ࣬¹мϡ
ǰȥһƣȥ𣿡
ָڲɼвԾĦţԼ֪Լڵʲô
ӦԼδʱ˲õĴ
̧ͷһۣЦˣ㵣ҡ
ûзϡ
һקϯλϣʵؿĿѲȥͳǲǾá
ʲôһַ̬·ѣĿƽûеԡ
Ȼһ룬˵ĻȴЦԷǡ
һֻСһڽͷһ꣬ëմһ𣬿Լצӣץ·˶ͷ˼ڡ
ŷʵȷʵеˣǲͷġ
ǰ
ҹҲһɫͷһСëЦſǲرɰ
Цһĵԣرɰ
Щգز˾䣺ǧ綼ҲôɰС
ȻûеĲ֮
Ц˼ظһ飺һȥ𣿡
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


29
һ˫쳣ᶨؿԵҪڣҾڡ
ܵĿһ˲žֻŵľζ
ǲ̫ϲҡ侲·üѣһֿ϶
ҲϲյǰһּΪǿƵϲ𣿡
ϰ˰׳Ŀķǣֱ׵Ļʵһ¡
һ˫쳣ᶨؿԵҪڣҾڡ
ҹ紵þſڵľ죬ΪشʱдĻе㡣
еϲ˵ڵһ˲üᶨ˿˵ļпֻһӱĵˣϣڡ
ǳЦˣǧһ磺Ҹȥ
еľδ֡Щ΢ĲӦȴٿ׽΢սֱָ֣ϣ볢ϲһˡ
ˣֻмյǰƻš
յ𣿡ĻƺСʱҼҸо͹ֵơֵһҹȼضǵᣬ游ˣұҲûмֵơ
ϵľζҹ紵ɢˣЩյƣҡͷҼõĶϺõĺ򣬲ôᡣ
Цˣ˵մǸĺù١
Ϊô꣬ЩƻǮеġҹ˾ƺ˵ҲץʵЦȻΪҼеŮôģ
գһԭҲ֪Լס˿ﰡ
Ů˲Ů
šϹų֮⣬˵˽䲻ɮ

˻صջУ׳Ѿ˯
ѰĶҩãȻһƣѾƵٶȴÿ¡
ӹѾһԡ˯ˡ
˻صջҹֻ˯ʱִǰȥμӵڶֱᡣ
¶Ĳȡʤעȡñĵһôɴڵڶ֣ʡȥ¶ˡ
ɵĵ̨źۼؿϣ񾯸¡
ֻ˯ʱˡΪյ˵
˵ڵĻȴȻֱףû
ˣûƿ
ȼغϣ̨ϵλѾʤ
Խɵ˫нȻȲɽɵһԲ˼
һЦؿɽɵʲôϲ̨𣿡
ɽԽΪıԵʹΪϣɽɵĵӴṦܺáֱʮǰ˸ţɲ˥䡣
ԸɵĽָơĹάֻǹάдżֵ٩
ҶɵĵͺɽɵƷҲоزεشġ
ܸ㽣Ϊô𣿡
ЦһʮִػصģĽ𣿡
õĻش𲢲⡣Ȼ˿˵Ļʮа˾ЦĻҲ˵ࡣ
Ҳ˵ģȷʵеϲԼΪϲı䡣
ԹĶֶΡòϣദĹУѾеı䵱ǳ֪żϧŵ֪֮עûǧ֮ԵûᲮ֮ϲ
ӲԼÿ
ߴЩ̨ˡ
ڶֱսʥ̵Ľͽֵ֡Ʒڽһ˳ơһޡ˼壬һ˼
Ȼǵ㣬ǰڲҵڽֹһֱϷ硣ֱۼ򲻹ʹ˰
˦ġǸǶȲܶ㲻һֱ֪գĵʤѶ
ȴĶ˼˲̨
յؿ۹֣鲻Ըá
ҪݼЦˣһ˼µ˷жԵɣȷʵмС
ʵڿϧʤȯյľơ
ôǹģȸֲڱ׾ٵ͵Ϯɹ
û͵ϮɹǶȥˡ
Ƕȥˣ˷ʤѶ
׳ֻӵȥеĴʯѷ绯ԵʧûҪӮô


30
ƽһαƮƮвûסͷЦһ
˶ֹʦ֡
ûϢðɣʧҲԽѵ
šӦٽ͡
̨ϣһֱȻʼɵӵĿ±̨С
׳岻ʹò˹̵Ĺڳ¡ڶֹɽǰֻʣ¹˷˶༸ӡ
ڻƻʱֻصջ׳Ϊһؿջһ·ܾȡͷȥľ紦кٴθ֡
ķֻţʶؿڽ̸ļ϶ܵ˰׳ߣԴɻؿ׳Щ׵ɫʦ֣ôˣ
׳ûлػֹؿ˿Ե
˵ɡ⣬ص˵ͷ
Ű׳˷š
׳䣬ľ紦ܶмֲǲǺòˡ
ɿüͷ۾ƶġ
ʦ⹦ʱղá˼ǰûʲô˵ʲô֢״
׳뵽ԼʱԼһ˵ڣһԼԴͷƬ̣һ
ǿ֮ǰûȫɡ޸ɵĸ˵ǣȥеĽǣο㻯һ¡
׳忴һԼһߣȻʵҲͻ߻ħͬ𣿡
δǹԸķδԥȻȻ
׳ôߵ⹦ɽɻ˥䣬㻹ͬ𣿡
ҡĻ˶٣׳Ϊλʣ֮ʲôתŰ׳ǣû𣿡
˵öԡҾʡ׳ڨڨƿߣǻǾڵĲɡ
׳Щʧ룬ɽɹȻҪԼ˹̵ĹվԼߣԼɽ֮ȴԾ

ĵڶֹʥ̲ͽϳٳûгֵʥҴҸ
ȥԵЩ糾ͣҲûʥʿձеĺϢ
չأǰԱѲܱμӱԣһڱϣڸ·;ǲԸԵԼͬԣҪ֣֮ǰϡ
Ȼŵ
ɽɣɽɺǵ񽭺ɣԵѡǰɵĵɡ
ɽɺǰԵĵӴΪŲõµӣ¾ѡǿߣҲΪ档
˶ĵؿ˷ʦ֣ˡ
˷ɫȴ಻٣ĳк޹ɿԣҲûаܰٷְٶ㿪Ľ
˷Ծ̨Ź˷ָ˷ɫһᵶȥһ˷ĺֱ̡
˷˳ϷԾתڵվ
ȴٶܣֱС·ԣȴʮֿ׼ݡ
˷һһϢѾˡ
ʮغϹ󣬹˷ܸ
̨ԶԶһ̨ۡ˽ѻȸձǱһ֣ɵӶʣ޼пܲĶ֡
¸ڲ輸һΧ壬һɫӰڡһƿ׵С
Ҫĵ
岻֪ڴ˵ذɣ
Ϊ㻹ɳǵ鲨˹̡ǵӰԴõҷķظô˵лл
лл˳ĻҩС
ϯϣ䵭
ЦһҪ䵭ֲˡ
ˣˡЦչӴʲôʱȢң
ûЦپģ̧ȥͷɴʲô͡
ֵ㡣ס֪ʵԼĶ֣ڨڨջ֡
һԱı飬ЩЩЦزϾʥ̷ֶϽҲ̫ǵע⡣
չӵݼǺֻܲĺأοи׳塣
סһȷʵҵжܲ㡣˵˾䣬֪ԼĴ㡣һʮоž䶼Ǽٻ
żȻǵĻĵ뷨
΢ĽŲ˾䱣أתҹ
һ˳չᣬҹ伣ŻĿɽһȥˡ
ҪҪҲȥɽ˷ŷ׷ʰҵıɣ
÷һԲҲпܻںʱڡ
˷һ˼⣬Һ͵ڵʦȥ̽Ѱ˵䣬Ͱʦֵȥʱ򡣡
Խ⵽ߣڵһȥ
ԽҲһȥ
аЦЦӦ
͹˷ֱ뿪ʥ̷ֶĵ̡
˲ԽɣԽ˶˺һǰʯָǡ
ûҪٴ¡ĳ峿Խ˯¥һ˴ȻıӰ˵ĺڷ˳شڼ֮࣬л衣
ԽԼһû˯ѣ۾ôţߵ˵ǰ
֣ԼȷȻǿˣֻϵкĵĺۼԭأԲΪԼˡ
Խô꣬δ˺ÿòݶΪȴֻǵĺÿûйȵϢûŮӵᡣǹزһŵϢ
£ӦýҵıȻһЦϸѩ봺磺
ԽȻûлعѾͰ׳һ¥׳ɫȥҲܲÿѾ֪˴¡
ֻг˶Ĵ¶һõЦݡ
Ļȷܶ鶼ܽ͵ͨάǰμӱһȫþ͡
ֻȫûбҪԼݣûбҪѾ֪»ԼͰ׳ô졣
һðӵݣôôĻǡ
Խصظһ·ĺʱ֣˼ҿջס
ţ׼طϢȼʱֻԽпϣƺѾȺԼʱ
ĽŲԽȻȼסӲϲ
ȻûϵԽһĻʳôһ⡣Ȼһ˲ƿߵȻϲģȻЩʲô
Խ˼֣ǡ
ƽһαƮƮвûסͷЦһֻЦôô
㡭Խ˵Ƴ¥ֻա
Ŀ⵭עķ򣬲֪Щʲôתȥ
ջڵĿշܶ࣬ʵľ֢׳ֲһ˯˻סһ䷿ڡ
ﻹҪ·ʱӦЩʱԽߣԽߡ
Ŵ仨·𿴼˽ɨ֦⣬һ׷ɵľԺеһһʽȻȥԺ
δת˸ഫЩ΢Ķ
߻˯ŸǸҳˣ
û¡ҡҡͷ˯𣿡
ֻǲ̫Ӧ۾̹ϵһʱһԺ
컹Ҫ·ĿƽؿƫƵĴ䣺ҪҪЩ£
ּȻشࡣ
Ǹٶ֮Ҳеĺ壬οǳٶ֮ˡ
ȵĺľ䣬ı鼸䣬ջǲ֣д˵ɳƣˡ
Щʧ䣬˵Щʲôʱڵס
¹λػȻȻذ
Ҹ˵°ɡҷĲ¡
ʵΪϲûôˡûرµĳ嶯ȻҲӦҹҹͬ˵ҲֻǸˣЩ¹⿿ġ
ԣԺһҲԶ𣿡ЩͳԶ׼ѹ
˵˻ȷʵЩ
ûøλػ׳ķȻյص


31 vʼ
ڿУԽѵԽʹࡣԸעԼ޷١
ڰҹԵ쳣ͻأ, ȼǰƣǰȥ鿴׳״
̸ܵͣ׳巽ʵû˵ʲô, ǵķΧͱĦ޷Ŵ
׳ڵܲȶ, էȻûĶƬ̳ٻֹԵһյҪȥ
ֹ̧һж, Ŀⲻɵñ׳ֱϾɫѾ൱, ƺڲϵɢӡ
ǲ˹̵Ĺ˹̵Ĺǣ֪׳ڵѲ̫ѣпľٶ
Ű׳ĺһ, ׳˲ʱ˹ȥƫͷ͵
ľһµģ˲δԡץ׳ֱۿ˿, ء
..ҪҪջѡ²ʵзԳȥܻĲ־, ڵЩѡ
Ҳǲָܻ𣿡
šѵ̹ϵֻʱա
лл׳Ǻñ
֮䣬лһۣȻػش˯ˡ
ķȥҩ̿ҩ׳ʩ롣
ȫǰݵζ, Զ޴ϵȼ, üĿƵ䣬һֺĴ
רע˾쳣İ, ·ܵκβƽ֮¡
̫ǿ, Ŀܻ᲻Ծϡ
ʩ, ƣصڴϡѲ̫ӦڴڰݷյĻС
׳ֱ۾ɫѵȥЩɢȥǺ˵Ϣ, , пڴߣҪҪһ£
ӽ̧ȥЩƣЦȴƵᣬǶȿȥĪЩ磺ôɣ
ļ࣬Ҳ磬ƽҲеĲ죺㻹
оˣҪʲôɺǲ⣬תһ룬ЦŶû
Ͼʩ붼ʩ⸱ģҲ١
ⷽٶе棬ЦһԺ֪ûоˡ
δǰ˵ĵĻһξ˿ɰ̲סĿԴ
ԡѣϵİζ׳׳ҲƵ˹оո˼֡׳ʩ£׳岻ǺԼ壬ҲȻͬˡ
ڵڶ峿ʼ·ʮպеǡƫԶСǣ걥սšĺʱָϵأž˰أǽڻµĻҺڵİ߲ĺۼ
ǣڣƵ챻ҹ紵ɳɳ죬ҲһõĿջطֲԶƾһ˲⣬ֺˡ
ǰȥţԼ͸谵Ĵڴǡҹ紵˺üأ˶Ųڵ϶Ŷʱڿˡ
һλǵϸԴؿǣλ˰ɣ
׳׵޴ɾӣ߶˼ҡ˼Ҳ̫㣬뿪
ɡϸתһ£ǰס
ϸվȺڰ֣ȡ˸ݸˣ᪾ÿʱͻɨмǲҪǼ˹ã¸Ͻȥźҹʱֻ᪾ٴѲһһǷ˾סʹ²ˡ
ȼ֮أ˵ж쳣㣬˴Ƕ֪Լһ֮ǰɨĻ᪾򶷡˵һ᪾֣ϸ˾ʧȥһ֮
ϸó׿дˣ֮ǰ᪾ɨʱԼͶڼеĵؽؽڻʳϧʱҵĶ˸ɾ
˶οʥһӴոǵġ
ĳıһǵµĽֻײС˵뾭ѵɵÿһۡ
˼֣˽һ΢ߵ˽ס޵ķڡϨܳװ
ڴ࣬ĺȻһʹһһڸԼĵֽš
ʱһ㿪ʼˡ
ոһյ·;ûͣЪƣ˺ܿ硣ѵȥһᷢ᪾ע⡣
ҲԸǰʾΪֹǰĹȥ붼ǱģҲ̹Ȼԭ̫κˣҼ亦ѿ
ɼǰЩƫƫϲܿģ
һδӦӦʹ࣬ӦѿĴȴδйЭڿУԽѵԽʹࡣԸעԼ޷١
ҹɫҵһķ棬ദľʹʡڿݲ֮ϣɫҰ׵ˡ
⴫֮˯òǺܳܿ㷢ˡҪ˵ȫûлǲܵģôȥʲôء
´Ѱ
ڵû̫ԶڷԲѰƬ̣һҵ
ȥѾû̫ʶֻв԰׵ָԽ߬ſݲݡ
ǰ΢¹״̬ȥʮֲ˲ָʶ߬ſݲݣ޷Ӧ
һֻһֱĿڴϵ··𱻳˰㼱½
ļ磬ά¡
ˣɥˡ볣졣Ҳ׼һ㣬ŸսΪһ㾯档
½ָֻȻ
ҾͦģƽʱҲҪˣʶҲãԶ̹ԳΪȴϲԼһ˿˵ֱףҲԴϬĸԴڡ˲ͷʶԽԽֲᳰЦ㡣
һһףһ˿ƵĲɫԵ쳣ÿ
˺ˣҲˡ
һΣˡݺݵвЩɳƣеʹ˵Ļû˿в
ֻЩȴڵģʵȤ
ȻΪΪ߲һ˶ϾǰһôˣܹһҹͱӣΨһĽ;ûȫԼ
Ǹո˾޴ʹ࣬µࡣȷʵɿлһ˿Ц
ըëԽԽϲԶ𣬻ԼĻ⴫
ﲻ̫ȫϵһ˿Ц⣺ǻط
ͼûͷƵ̯ܸоѾʹ
Žü޵Ļ᪾һѱҹɫ֮С


32
ϵЦЩ̣𱻱һǸϲˡ
ߵľɫɿȥ, ҲнԶ
ھҵʹϡоṦߣܼݽǡôǰе£λܼ, ܲ˿
ɫ, һĨɫӰԾ, Խ֦⣬ӹľѸˮ, ҹ紵½ǣһϡ
ɫЩ, ѾǶΣڡ
ϵսѱòƲȻ̫ϲ, ȷűȽ
뽫ѽűƨɣֻò鸡վš
ʲô֢¹ɫȻҲ̫ļ
ڣ˵, Ǳ֤ȫҵġ
˶٣˵˸֮ǰޱ仯Ĵ𰸣ĵ
֮ǰ˵ϸ¸շƭҵġ
еƫ䣬˿ƽ˿ĵ뷨
ֻƾе߼ƶ, ˻ʦ, ĿҲ㲻ϡ
ϰʹȻɾԭҲδԼˡ, ֻһԼ뺣ʱͼŦ, ĵ޹ϵ½Ӧű, , һǣ̫, ֻ֦ڡ
Ҳ㵣ġ˵˾ĻδĿû㣬ƮԶ
ղҲǣ㵣ġҴڷڣܻ᪾ΪԼܰȥ
Ҹ𣿡
һƽû˿Ļ
ϰ˲˽ģοעܽġ
֪ΪΣԼ̫Ъ˹ĸ飬ƽʡ
ЩĲ̣ΪĲ̶Ƭ̵ĳɡ
˵Ķʵĵ˵֪ңҲ㡣
֪޴󰭣Ͼʹʱû˵Щ
ĺģ·Լʮ䣬һһʮ䡣˿̵ɤѾƵòʺ˵
ͼôݾҵʵ˶ݡ
˿Զʣˣ»ȥüһ
̨൱ãֻϧûعͱϵЦЩ̣𱻱һǸϲˡ
ɣҲôġɽػ˹ȥ

øЩ
᪾ʮǰǣ˺ÿսɨȷ󣬱˻סǡؽɢһɷʢĿݹǡ
֮УٸУΪ̡ؽеʳάһĿҲȴһŽ˵ռΪС
ڷʰңϸ˹ջơϸˣ֣һ߰ɡ
ϸ˴ûԣǰǳŴƺгⱼӡǼܿͱжĻ᪾ն¡ڵؽжӹһ١
ϸ˲ӳǣԼҵǰû뿪ǣ羿ôҶ֪ЩҪҲҵ
̶̲ʮأ˶࣬״˶ࡣ˱ӦԸ⿴ͷϵĵ¡
ڴµӰУû˵ʲôĻֺαֻһյ谵޹ڰҹաȥ
ƿɫĻҷƮڣķζƮɢڿС
ǳĹǻҡ
ͲˡŵĲճǡôգǵʬҲһվֻḯñ룬Ϳ̿ڼ￪⣬һ֦ʡ
ɫƫǳ˿ʱϸ˵Ŀʼ΢΢ҡȥæ߳š
ʱ󣬻᪾ٴνѲһΡѲϣɳ϶ǡ
ȥԺصķǣƥ𲢲İ
һԵң仮ǣһյ˳ˤڵϣ졣
һߺͣײ䷢
æ᪾Ѿƿšϸ֡
᪾еĳﭷаָ⿴ȴмůϸʶش֡
ļһǣһ˦ײ󡣾ʹ˦ڵء
ȻջС˴С̤ϴд׷ᡣ
ϸ˵һʶԼô
ӱޣֻͷһۣһ˦䡣ö׼ǵϥǹǣûκζĶ
ˤڵأƥֶܾȥ
ⷬȺʱǵְ׵ҲҪѷɫ֡
᪾¾ֵٰ׷
..
ֻǷһϸ˶ѣЩ˵Ĺɲ⣬ûҪΪǵ֡
ǡ
˼۳ǣǱѹڳһּԽȻҪëëţҲ˲ֻʡ
Ǹ˾䡣
Խǰץ죺ϴ̬Ⱦô𣿡
ȻǸҲëëţĶӡ֦ơԭң±ţҲᱨ½֮
˭ҪţԽȻûϵô˵ڵطſɫ
ȡˮݸϸˣϸ˽ӹ˼ڡһݸϸæƾܡ
һһңԵһҡ᪾Ҳػӳǡ
ϸ֪ûպ󣬵ȳеĹǻվסǣԼľҲ᲻ڡ
ӻóʯڵϣʯȼСƶ
ڵǽպҪǣɽˮ羰ˣǸӵĺó
ԶԶؿϸǽ̸Ƭ̺Լ
ؿ컺ڵ֪ԭ𣿡
˵Ҷʱ߶ڱʥ󻤷ȼǰһλ£˱ٱɱұһ֮ǡͬһϣ𣿡
üЦһе˿ˡ


33
Լ޷ϲ
, ûƫͷȥܸоġ
յˣЩʲô·𲻶, ִĶ̽, ժ֦һݸˡ
һ, ֪ΪЩЦһСҲЦ˳
ֻûó, ˵ǶԸ˵ʱûӦӦ
Ǻϸڵסһҹ
׳ʩ˵ڶ롣׳ĻƱɢ, ɢȥ
Щ֣̿Ȼ˵ֵо, ۲ҲǿԵġʩҲ׳ͲǺ
ʩһģɰʱͿԳˡ
׳ûӦΪü, ȥˡ
ʱ˴ǳɽ·
˳ʯҵʱ𣿡˶һ·ѵƣ۵ʱ򣬴˿ſһһߵػ, ʱȻʡ
ʱƮ, ʯָĳĵص㡣¼Ҳصģ˳ʯķߣʱܻ֡ӹ˶Ļ
˵¼мصĲһǶԵ, ȥжĻ, һҲʱ򡣡Ц, ˵˵֮², , ֪
˶һɤӣĻоˡ
𣿡Цһҵúֻܻо£ʸ
˵˻ʱãĵӰӳڲԵˮϡûôһ̾Լͬһˡ
ʲôƤʲô˼Ķ޶˶׽֮ġһֶͬиС
ʱѵں߳Ÿ˼ƽʯںϴˮƯ
ʯӻһĻȣںϵߴΣûˮС
Ȥߵһʯȥ
Ұ׵ʯײˮ棬׸ߵˮˣˬ⡣
ʦʲô˶ĸתȥ֣׸ߵˮغ棬޴ˮ˵ϡ
˶ܸܵܵĵͳѹϰű˵ˡ
񡣡޵ϵˮ¶䣬ǴһĨɼĳЦݣʪһƬ
Ǳģˮδϲϵػ䵽°ͼ⣬ְĨȥϵˮۡ
ȻûԤϵһٶЩӲԭء⻬ʱҲѾعе㲻Լֶȥˣջظֻ֣ЩָϼӴȵزһ飬󻹲᲻صһͼɢķΧ
֣ϵ΢ӡȻԼԲ᲻е⡣
ȴûʲôӦȫɥʧʹУɢĳϢЩֱнԼεضˡ
ԼܲԾǳԾûйָоʾٱ飬Լ԰׳һѵľٶ
ѵЩѶȻûϣƿߺⶼûɨ
ѾعֹؽʶߵµʯƺЩʲô
ȥǰ취ĬãڿڵҪҪٳԵ㶫
ղѾűȻˣ³ȥö뿪˵صѷ
šӦһԴֱеۡ
Բ𰡡Լû˵ôĻ˵˻ȴû˺󻰣òűһ䣺..Ҫ
˵һĿǳתһȦ˼еһð
ˡעƵرߣԳЦ޿κε˵᲻á
סˡ
ȥöԡһ䣬ֵĴͽæ뿪ֳ
֪ԼղŵĻشʵЩ⣬һϲˣԼԲ˵ʧˮ׼Ļ
оԼĵԥԼ޷ϲе鶼һһһ飬Լȫ
һˣԵøտЩűߵʯӣ޵ѡ˿鳤ʯ
εʯˮ˰¡Ƽ¼ˡ
΢紵ëϸˮ飬۾类¹ƽٵˮе¹⣬ƽš


34
ֻʣһѰ棺ܲܶϵ㣿
˳Χɽ, Щʱձߵȸ롣
׳ƥϵھҲܵӰ졣Ϊ˵, òг, ֻɽҹޡ
˴ǡһƬ˽, ˽ľȼϵشʪ, ֻѰȼľ
׳Ѿûɫ԰׵ؿϡһǰȥڴ, ò˾䣺Ҫһȥ𣿡
ȻԥشӦˡϻһ·ѾԼ, ģ飬ǣ֡ӵǡ
Щ¼пܻ⧲״·ԽԽúЦ, ȻԼ֪ݽӽ᲻Щ
ϧʱи׷׳壬ҪǳΪΣѹͷһ˺ͷܸΨһεˡˣ׳λñԡ
Ŀⲻɨȴûͣ, Ǳ̵ƿ, װµؿԶ
Խһţ˶ٶЩֵë, һ, ԼȥľԵʮֶࡣʰҲȷʵҪôˡ
˶ȫûע⵽ߵķӿ, ²˵ҪȥԿ硣Խ, ԼͰ׳岢̫, ԣȥɢɢģ㽫ϵϣͳ˶һƬȥˡ
׳һӻгδ򿪵Ĳ˹̹
ԶӰѾ
һԼû¡ڸоôˡ֪ʲôԭ򣬷ſصġ
е꺮ůˡ
׳忴еĲ˹̹ʱԼľֺʱԼȷʵˡ侲룬ܲ˹̵Ĺġ
һǿĹȻҲбסԼķҽΣһɢȥ˭֪Ժָܻܲء
׳г˶ҡѾϲңһʧҵõľʲôأͷˮͷա
Լɫò԰׵ָ⣬¶İ㣬ޱؽԼʱõҩ赹ˡ
ɽɲֻеںͽڣţоͰҩڡÿĩҩæʱ򣬰׳༸Ӿͻᱻȥæһȥ˲ٵҩ
һ߽˶붼ЩȼЩԵĵҩͰΪᣬ֪Ϊ̫ţǲмֶΡ
׳뵽йԼԼ͸еĶҲԥɫĵҩԼҩƿУһԼϡ
ֻ֪ҩĹЧȴ̫ҩԼ˺ж󣬳ڱܵЩη塣ɲûгãܿͽҩȥ
ͷյĻ̿УһΣҪ

ܶŢɽ·ֻвԶǰһϪЩҡεĶľţֵݸ
ִȥƻչڽʣݺɢϢּÿһƬҶ
ϰҹϢ°ҹҹɽֲ̫ȫֵҹǱҪġ
ϰҹɡǺ⣬ϾǰżҹûϢ
šӦ
ò˸ͷôֹˡƽﰮЦȻñȽ٣Ҳû֪Ϊȴ˿ڡ
ǸողԼϲƺĶ࣬е㶵ס˶Ļ̿֡
ݻ̿òԺ뽫֪ˣ֪ȷʵˡ
֮£ԵɵöࡣȻѾƫ̸ʣ״ƽ˽Щʲô
ͷˣܵԼӲ⻹ᱻɰ򶯡൱ϲƺȻϲ˵ÿƺԼ̶ȶࡣ
ȻоԼʶؽ˽ʧ˰ȫĬƺأӦȭƷʲôҲЩ
ˮҲˮ
Ŷ𣿡üҼȡ
Ҳ㲻Ҳúúõġһᵽ㲻Щδ֪ţҲ䵭˼֣ϵζôûˣ
ŶӦƵؽ͵֮ǰΪ˱ϳͿЩľƷۣڳϰˡҽͿϴˡ
ЦƽɫŴ˼¡
ϧҲû顣ϵζ»õЧϾƺдĹЧ
Ϊ˱֦ϵζΪ棬ȴԼֲֻᡣ
Ĭţء˵ɵ㶼ˣΪԼĲɼ
ǰдһѣϧѾһ״ֲﻮȣѪ߳Ⱦɫ
𣺡¡
ûлش𣬶˿ڣһؽЯҩ˿ڴͷ
Ϸ·ᣬȥȴڲȥĶ
һ߰һЦһԭô򵥵ġ͵Ϯ㲻Ҫñ֪Ժû˸潻ˡ
ܳǺĻ𣿡
粻Цɡ̧ͷһۡۺЦ⣬ȴоڹ۲죬۲Цûп𣬹۲ԼķӦԼķӦ˼һжŽ̬̽ȡ
ûһŭ
ôܲģܺƤؽҸġ
ڿ˵ϲңȴٰڣҿĿ꣬ƫƫҪ˵˾䣺ˣ
ûСĻصúܿ죬дɽŭֻǾͦġ
㵱ڸɲݶߺߵʱˣƽԴϬˣʶ˵˻󿴵Щ׵ɫѾеˡ
ⲻ˺˭˺Լϲء
ƤǺ񣬵ѿϵѿһ֪
̾˿иӵ֯һʱȴ·һУֻʣһѰ棺ܲܶϵ㣿
΢£Ҷ㲻𣿡
пЦˣ֪һа취ֶ͡һʼûԼ
һŻԽԽյԼһ˿ġ֣Լһ˲صȥ
ⲻһϵǣйĳԵڴĥ䣬ظܵЩʹС
ĶᣬǸ˻Ӧ
һֱȴ䵭ĻӦ
Ϣδɢȥĺҡǰ裬ѾӦˣʵҪҪұ㣿
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


35
úÿǡ§Ĳӣ۾ҵ㡣
, һСˡ
ȾһƬѪ˵˵СҲ㲻С
, ʾÿ
ûپܾ뿿, ԼķʽӽЩ, ܸܵںԼģҲԼ, ֻǻûӦ˳ˡ
أҲ֪ôôصĽġ
ִļ, ļκͺ󱳣·ɽĹո, Щÿҹţֺ߹
и˼֣ļࣺ۲ۣѾ˾, ȴĿǵˣϻ˿ڶˡ֮ǻҪľȥ
ǲ˼úЦԭô𣿡
ҲɡӦҲЩʧЦȷʵʮû߳ȥһʵٽҲûʲô, Ҳʲôֻ㰲ĵظҵͺˡ
θЩ, ЦüģƭҸ㵱أȢô˵ҲǵѲҵү
ҸɵйҼҾһ, ҪʲôԸ㡣
ͷһδĸƷһ˿ζ, ˳ĻЦҿҪúÿǿˡ
úÿǡ§Ĳ, ۾ҵ㡣
ϦûԶɽ, ǰɽ·ѲŢ, ʰ˲һȥ˶ͻԽûʲôԣϪ׽˼㡣
׳ȻϣɫܲÿЩףԺԡ
˿ѿˡļ࣬ƽҪҪԼߣȷʵѾˡ
֪εЦЦ˭ұȽϱء
ҡϹƤЦⲻЦЦݣ˵ڵĻмҧгݵζ
Ц˺üҩһʱ㿴˰׳׵ɫʦ֣㻹𣿡
׳ûлشΪ˵ûˣɵý˼֣첽ߵǰ𣿡
ֱ̽ͷ£׳һ˦¡
ʶüԵؿ׳塣
㲻Ǻͱĵúܿôٹˡ׳忴Ȧ˴롣
ǰ׳ɺȦ̫ۣӽ˾䣺ղڴ˿ڡ
һС˶ѣǰҲûô׳ǲĻشĳ˵ؿߵ
Ű׳壬ƽؿţֱ׳岻ڵƿߣԼеĲ֮
ȴûĿģֻǺȻԼǰδ˽׳塣
ԲŻǰ֪׳彫ԼʱԵôʧ
ĬȻ죬һ©ª÷Хģʧȥ¶Ȱ㡣
ԭڰ׳ԼȺֻ츳ԼʹӦ
˭ء
Сʱ˵ָԼ׶ڻϰ졣
Ʊھͻ꣬˾ͻʹһ˿ǰʱδֹΪͷҲʹ
ûʲô׳׷ԼӣʾûǹģǴС߰չʾԼĳдʻģ䵭
ǱʶԼȥԼԶȥں֪ػ˵úҰ㿴
ҡͷڰ׳忿һ˲ʶƫ˵롣
Ȼ΢ɼ׳Ǹоˡ
ΪͷϣʶȤתƻҲ֪ôˣоǰӲ
ֱ׳ĶͷûзաڵģɫЩЩҲʲôë
·;ۡؽʦҪҪȻɽǼ˲䵽С
ʲô˼׳䣺𣿡
׳ı鿴ȥˣ㵱ġ
ִʱ䵹̨£׳˵Լ츳ŬҲ׾پӮ۽ʱ
ҲʱԼз·ʲôˡ
ԭԼһֱάֵƽⶼԼ޾ͷ׷ĻϣһԼиˣвڰìֳܶˡ
δ˽ңҲԶ޷Ҹͬܡ
ԼҲûôϲԸ⽫׷֮µĽȥ
û˼ֻ㾲ѡ˼ص£ͣ˵ⷬ
׳ҲʶԼķӦ͵Ҹо;۵⡣
Ѳ֣վȻ㲻ģȥ㿴
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


36
˵ˡƵ˵һ춼֪
Ѿؿһ, ԣƳ˹ʹؽݹȥ
ӹ, ʦֵƺе㲻Ծ, ܰȥ𣿡
˵Ѿʮ, ʲô⡣˵仰Ѿɫ, ֽվ
ⷽԹ𣿡š
ʥ̵Ľв͵˹̵ĹЩǳĹ̹ԵҲ֪׳ĵʲô
ʵҲûüЩ˵⹦ĸ, ĸҲ׷ʲô
׳弸׵ĵطԼͬسĬ
׳徯ؿһ, Ŀ⣬ߵǰ㿴
׳彫ݸɫʼնû, Ǻǻ
ôˣһʡ
׳ѾƽȣǺתļ
ֱ¾˼򵥡
ĮȻջ֣Ҳȷʵ뿴׳ˣʲôϷصûʲô⣬ֻˡ
ҩķͺ, ֻǿȥЩѡ׳Ϊ֪һ, Ÿҷ
ȵʱ֪鲻, ıʵˡ
Ȼ, ʦúϢŰ׳һ, һˡ
Ĵʦһ˴Ų̫ðɣ˵Ų, ȴЩСЦ
ڰܶС, 鲻Խ
֪ʲô𰸣ȴףЦЦؿһ˲ܺúϢ
ۣεءιһ
ЦȴӲסˣſ㳢һڣͦóԵġĬȴǧԵЦߣҰȥ
˵Ӧþڸ׳״ŲŨصζ˶ͻԽԼͬѡ˸ƫԶĵط㡣
ҹ¹쳣Խͳ˶ĳԶڻɵҹɫ
һԵţĿƽؿĲķɫܰף⡣ˣҲĽǵĽ𷢱˿̺ȻڷʵҲͦÿġ
ľը˵𻨣졣һƬĺлعͷ䵭ӳ˵ɫĿ൱ͣƺǴ㰮ġ
õݵǣ̵ƤһɫĽ
˵ֱӵݸҾͺˣȻ۽ʱ˶˵档
ڶԼⷽҵµȤִ˲ˡ
ЩΣ԰׳ûбֳãΪʲôֵԼôϲ۸Լ
뽫ǵĽĨȥȴ֪óһ鲼Сذ
ڼżȻĿϣЦ
Цʵںˣͳ磬ȴ
ĺضһ£Ȼʶһпֻʶ׽
Ĳѵǰһߣȴ͵͵Цתȥһ㣬õһߡ
ջ˸ղŵ뷨ֻ붺Լˡ
ҹʱ֣˾һ˶ϰҹҹ˾˯
ֱִ˯˯žͿϡ
ܾԼܲ˽²ͷ˯ú޷˯գȻЩġ
˶ش˸ǷûŲļ̾չ˯Ҳ̫ˡ
˻ܲЦ£͵ǰ
ʦ㲻ò˼˶һҹ϶ȫˡƿͺˡ
ûнӻƵת˸⣺ҲϢɣһҹͺá
ôС˶һֱôʦһء
εЦûԴȶ೤Լϣֹ׽
ۣúȤ
ҹּĲ֦Ҷ졣
˸˳ڹ˽ȥü૵һģ¡
˭ʡ
ûлػ˵λںദôЩ죬δ˵
ȻҲû˵λһһľ硣
ԳһЦԼǺܲ˽
Ѱδ֪ͨηҳԡ
֪ԼӦԶֻϲѡȻʱʹ࣬ҲǺް취˻ϣĲɼܲɼô
ϻûĵز
Ը϶Ի˽⣬书˺־ǿԳġ
ԹȥεʱǶп˵
ȻȷȥȷͺˡȻ˽⣬ȥ˽ⲻͺˡ
õĽ·Ȼ֮ãҹɫͨˡ
η岻ǰԼԸǲýӴĶ󣬵ʱĺҲԳе
Ƶת˸
˵ˡϴĴηƵ˵һ춼֪
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


37
Ŷһ֪վԭء
, ˯ˡһˡ
ۣ׳УЦҪҪҹȥѴʦ֣
, ҹֻҪ˾͹ˡҼ, ͻԽ, ոպá
ôüЦЦôҰ
Ҳ, ҵļҲڵڻš˱˻ԣҿϢͦõġ
ƽϡЦ, 㿿ô
Ҳ̫ϲűˡһ䵭治ɫط˸, §סȽ
̫ϲѹȵĸоοСϱһرЦһȽ, ȴ̫
㲻𣿡֪ʣȴЩЦ⣬ƵóѰЭسΪ㻹ͦϲġ
½󣬿΢΢ЦЦؿʲôʱôˣ
Ȳ㡣̩ȻӦ, ͣսĿ˯ˡ
ȻȲҡջ, еϴһɶ
ûô
ΪΪеɶ, ԼһϵΪֻǵĻˡ
ΪԼ, ҪﵽĿܻ˺һЩ, ĳķƱ²۵İ׹ǡ
, ڿԶһ㡣Ŀؿ, ǰ˯֮ʱ˫ҲȻеİԴ
ֱɫľ΢΢͹뻪ɽʯγԱȡ
ذжֵ˸ĽǶȣ˲˯˹ȥ
սͣ۵չ͸ּ䡣
˯ѹʶץѣڲԶԼĽ
鲻Խü
ԼǽֵģڻĽҰ롣ҹʲô
ѵԼһ׹Ҳ½ˡ
Ⲣһͷ
𣿡ԱߣüҲ֪˼ֲԾ
ллʶؽӹĸ˼Щ㱡
ͫʣДԳֳȻ
û˵۾ܺÿ
е˵ġ֪Լܺÿ
˵국ЦЦû˵ҲԼܺÿϾǵȽ
ȴףҺÿĴʦֺÿ
㲻Ҫͱ˱ȡżʵ㱾ÿġ
򵥵ĻȴרעЩļ¡
֪ǲԼĴµƺ̹̻࣬𶼱
ԳˡԽ߹ѵ֮ĪķΧɢһλݵǡҲ׳ֺʱĵط
˵վǰҵʱ˱һƬʵҰȥġ
ǡԽʰֽüĲɵ΢΢䵭ٶһ䣺ʱˣ߰ɡ
ˮأһ·ˮʪʪϣܲ
ǡзһ˱ѡ˼ҿջסȥ
ŵصջԡɱס
ź˱ͬԡȥˡ
¸գľ滨¼ϵ̨ķƮƮش
һӰڡ
չԡʱϲش𣿡ֵԡǰ
˦Щˣ
ʵ̫˦ˡֵ̯̯Ϊ˰˺öʥ̵ĵӼٰң˺ü·ǱͶҲǺϤƾӰֱܷʲôڸŸ׷ϵȫǼٻ
ˡɫ˵ĶҪˡ
ѾǼҡ
Сĵ㡣
ȻɫϾ֮ǰѾôˡ
ĵƽ֮õұ㲻ˣʥ̵Ӷ˳ǡʥ̱㲻ԿƵˡȻ˼ܡ
ԸɨˣжԴ²ֹۡϾʧȥôˣҵҵڶѡ
⴫׳㻹ҵ𣿡
ûСԴĻ˳ŷ촫˽
ʾ뿪ˡ
س⿴һۣ鲻ԸվӴ̨ȥ׳ײ˽
Ŷһ֪վԭءüԽԽ
ڵˮɢڷݵÿ䡣
ڣ̫ó
ʦ֣Ӧԡǳȥ˵
¶ɨ˵ı飬ȱš
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


38
ۿ۵һ룬ԼŵĻҲûסͷЦ
Ϣ, ȴʹʵ
뿹飬ƤؿԼһۣ಻źĿˮȥ
׳ɫ԰ֽ, ˵ԡ, ҲԸ˿Ц
ɿץ, ϵ壬Լ˳
׳ȵľͷ, ھͷڿջ¡Ȼܶࡣĺó
Ļ͵͵ģʲô˵
˵, 𣿡
ûС̬Ȼظ˱飺治ΪС¶
һ·϶ûô˵
˼£ҵĹؼڣΪʦҲûô˵
ǰҲ˵ʲô, ԼһҲ˵ܶࡣ
һ£Цԭʦϲ˵
볤õĳţҲǰ׳ҲʶڡĿ, ƺڿзĹȥ
׳ǰ㲻á֪Խ
ϲһˡ˰׳Ļز˾䣺Ҫ˵ʲôʦ֣˵ɡ
㡭׳Ļ˵ȥˣϲ˭
һܺÿˡϲ˵ʱǺ, ʦӦÿó
֮ǰϲҵ㶼ϲôˡ׳ЩԽ, 鲻Խʵ˵ϲˣ᲻ͷ
ֻд²Ҫͷ, Ǹˮյ𣿡
ܵĻ, һᾡǰֳ˶, ֻˡ
ʲô׳Ц, ҵ
㲻ҡԺǰ֡·濼, С¶ˣҹﺦµĻ˶ʦܴҲԸ㡣
·ԼֺܽңԶ
һ飬ϲңΪʲôϲþһ㡣ѿʲôûС
֪ˡ׳þȫάֱƽת૵е㲻
׳˵űظȥַסɫøӲ԰ס
ԡԡȵˮôͱñ䣬¶͸Ϣ˾øܡ
׳忿ȴࡣ
Ű׳ϵ亹ʦطɣ̫ˡ
׳δţͷļϣ·̰һ˲ٲ׽
ûƿֻڼ뾲Ĭٶȿڣʦ֡
ƽû˿ȴԺԵ롣
׳Ȼʶ֪ӺʱѾôԼ׽ˡ
Լ˯һʱܻὫøԼϲҲմմϲܵȻ
ֱֺףԭһŴǿ˯˵ġ
׳ָǶƤǿԼֱ
㻹û׷ɣҸһȣ׷˻̫Υģ׳˵üѣ𣿡
ûԤϵ׳ôͽʵܷ£ٺòˡ
ȻԼ⣬Ҳȫ޷ԼģϾ꣬Ըʦܡ
ȻȻе㲻˼ЦЦȻԡ
׳ֻۣЦݣͺܶƵġ
׳֪Լ޷ƭԼܱ𵱳ϲԼҪϲһ㡣
ܿһоûˣֻдҪͷһ֪Ǹġ

̫ˡ޷޵
ȥˣҪҪҸ㴵Цһ滨¼Ϲ
װˣԼݣôȷᡣ
ԡرߣۼˮ˳ĺڷ䵽ǣ˳ż»ȥ治ҵˡ
еģʲôֵؿһۣúϲеƵġ
ȻذƬ̣鸴ӵؿһۣ㲻ϲеİɣ
ڣûųƨ
ҵϵ´֮ʣƿڣҲϲеġ
δʲôӦǷವزһˡ
ΣյŶһ
ҾԲѱ߲ݡɿ
´οһ˵ꡣ˦еȡ
㶼λһôˣһЦΪ㶼Ҫ𣿡
ɿشǸý⣬ϾڵӦȫĵط׸
֪Цϻ޶Ƥ񣺡
ţ
ǵǧŮ
ۿ۵һ룬ԼŵĻҲûסͷЦ


39
˸֪ǲǶԵģҲڡ
׳ͻط, һȥСȥЩȲ衣
ǡüŵԡ֨ѽһ򿪣Űʪĺڷ˳
ȻҲûϵһ˿㵡
ܿ㶨, ϾԼġ, Լ֡
ջ, ׷Լɿһ㷽Ϊʲô
Щʲôдŵź,ϧǵĿڷúܡ
ֱ֪Ҿͺˡε͵ǽǿɲʲô¡
ĬԼҲû˵ʲôػ, ѵĻѳ
˵ЩʱС͵, Ǳ͵
پĦ½͵ʦûվ, ŰƽġΪЩ⣬Ѿˡ
ʲôʡ
Һ˵ϲһˡźۼع۲ķӦ
ûʲô̫Ӧ
һܺÿˡ
Цˡ
Цʲôʡ
˼ǰ׳岻ÿ𣿡
ʶ⣬ҵ˼Ǹ˺ܺÿһĿⶼ·¶ȣǳÿ
еԡȻ֪˼, ڵΪԼ˵һǸ˾㡣
ɫɫ, ȴûˡѩ㣬, ȴ˵úܡ
Ұͷɡڵ, ǡСĨһ߹ȥ, һתȥڵ, ȥȥͻء
ڹսǴ׷ϵСС, ¶һĵ΢Ц͹ʲô𣿡
СԸЩȲ͵һŷ
Сãתȥ׼ˡ
վڲԶĵط䲻ȵһŷһΪ׼ҵء
ôûط
͵ڸĴʦЩʲô
´͵ɱˡһ
Ķ΢΢üԵĪɰ
һʵȤһ־̫ã͵ŵ״̫ãҲŸ׼Ȳ衣
üδչҲȲҲ
վ¿ǲȫֻŰ׳岡ˣҲûС׼ЩȲ衣
ûƽϣȻȥ͵˵һ¡
һץս߰ɡ
еȵҡҡ׹Ÿ硣
ԵʵҲܻ谵̨ӹϵԡͷ
ϵ¶Ⱥܵͣȴܺã˿̻˼档
öʽףӨ͸Ͽһ֣Ǹ֡
塭
游ҿ̵ġἰԼ£Ҳġ
ΪǸ֡
ôһ˵ֵʱûķʽġ
ûסҪˡɿе壬ʶص٩ȻҴҵ󡣡
ˡԡԴɫ˻ȥ޹𡣡
һͷϵı˶ռ
Цⶺɣ㰡˵
ĺƤģǺڵľġζٺãֽϻһķա
ֲԾߵͼתƵԼһ㾽ȣͬʱڵǡһʡ
ԡûϵĹע棬Ҳʲôܣ游ϣˡˣϣÿȷġ
𣿡ʶʵдһĸо
ǰ϶˾Ųʮ˶٣Щӣ˸֪ǲǶԵģҲڡ
ȷҪʱǨ֪۾ȥֻҪ֤ûźͺˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


40
ϲֱΧĸоճģȵģȫ⡣
֪Ϊαһ, һԼĻó游ܺá
šͷδƽ,СʱߵʱҸĸߵʱ仹Ҫࡣ
Ҽǵ˵, Сʱ游ϲеʱ͸㡣ЦЦ,Һܺ棬𣿡
游˵, ֻҪһеʦ͹ˡ
ӦǾǲˡ
ʱһ˼ֻϣҲûô̹ҡԴȥҾ͸ѧˡ
ĬƬ, ʵѧʲôʱ򣿡
ֵ⣬֪˽
ʥ֮󡣡ûж˼ǵĺۼ, ûбܻ䣬˵֪ģʥ̵Ļһָ, ҪȥѧϰЩǸķˣϵó
ǸʱĻ¥ȷʵμ𣿡ʡ
ȷʵ̣ܲǸóݵĻеˡ˶٣õͻЩ㲻, Ҳǻ¥Ҫеʦ, ֻǸǴֵġܲҵ𣿡
û㵱ʱңôء
Ҿ֪ˡδ, 鱧, ֺõ˵ѧѧĻҿԽ㡣
ҶȤһԴ, ûء̧ͷ, źۼرܿߡ
ʶ, Ӧûġǵȵȫֻ֪ء
ľԤ˽֡ν飬Ǵġ
ͷֱٵˮˣñһ
ֹסָ⣺е䡣
ȥСЩȲ衣챻ӣˡ
Ҳ뿪ҡĿںдңСֻ뱧㡣
᲻Ҫȥ£ϴرס
Щ𣿡
ûлش̧ͷߣ磬ǲǲİ
ûСʶػصϣ㲻ҲԸҡ
ֻǾҵҪܹ֣ûҪó˵üһɵĳҲΪ㡣
а㲻˵ô֪
˶٣ܺʥ̳׶Ͼϵ𣿡
ȻüĿ΢̧ʱȴһƬЦ⣬öȵңõĵĽҩҾͿԳʥˡ
رסԺҲЩͬˣֻĹԱ
ѧЩʰһʱʧЦȴһů⡣̧§ϵϣ˵һȥýҩ
ͣƬ̣۾Ҳµġ
ûô˵
ôˡӵһ硣
úů֪Ϊеӻϵ¶ȡ
ǰʲô֪ΪΣ˿̾ߺܰȫ
ֻϧݰǸġ
ʶͺˡĬãһƽߵ
ҲһƵһûüϲϱˡ
ЦİʾʾİϷ
ǺܸȴԾܾ
ڻװ֪ǲǲ̫á
šһ̫֮Ĺϵ
ʵǶ̫ˡüҪǸˣҪǸˡ
ûҪò绨Ժաһ޹ض
ŵ˱˻ԵĳˣһЦⲻҵĸŵ𣿡
ЦһȻ޳ܵسˣǰ
һŵ֪𣿡
ʲô
ĦĹҲ䲻شչȥ
ЦŶ£ûɴ໻
ЦñԼ𾢵鳰Цɱа˰٣һǧ
㲻ʲôǲ⡣
氡סеЦ⣬һⲻȤҲɨ˵ġ
öû˵ܸܵĿһֱעԼ
İҪ㣬һգգؿԼ
¿˵㣬ƺƵԼ촽ϡĿЩ롣
ҿ𣿡
ĺ壬û뵽ԭжɡ
ĪЩͿһ¶Է
ûɾܾ
§˻΢΢ֿ룬Ϊ˵ʱִչס
ô˼غ͸İá
ϲһһٿһ·Ҫ׽еϸ΢仯
˺һֱӵĸо
һʼܲӦһֱ׾ͺˡһλͷʲôġ
㡣뿪ڣתֱˡ
ôˣʡ
ûʲôĵطԼе׷׳Ӧˡôȥ϶£Ҳ˵ʲôֻϣܾ
ѹڴ׵ĸоرá
ֲֻ̣۵̡
ȡδй⣬ԼʱҲĬĬشһ
ûȻ
Ψһ֪ԼȻһҲִϲֱΧĸоճģȵģȫ⡣
׹˲ŷſĨĨǡ
ϵĳ죬ΪˣһЦ̫ɰˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


41
ûü˵ȥժժ
Щ, ڹȥĶʮûݹԼɰ
Ŵ齣סԼȼ䣬ϵĳ콥ȥ, ȥȴԸ
ʵ֤, Ȼֻøɰ֡
ҹ, ζȻشչ˯ע⵽Ӱ˯ߵա
뿹飬촽, ѵվͲô
ϧԾȲɨˣܹΪ, ֻһյؼװ˯
û̲˵ʱ򣬾Ժ˯ˡ
, ·صĻ֣ڽϵһγԵǣܺÿ, ɫġ
նһѣڴϻζһ£Ȼ׳ûҹԼ
ҲΪԼ˵˵Եʣò˼Լ
Ҳͦõ, ǰԼᵽ, µ⡣
Ե£΢üɿ, һ˫۸һǡúϡ
˸, ʵ΢΢ЦЦ, üʲô
ڿӡŵĵĺȦ
㡭ȥ, ۰ôкȦС
ʱ˿еᵽĥԼġ
̶ֿ, ػһû˯ãеĿкһ¥
ڼʱʱع״ͬʱҲΪ˯á
ʵöˣˣ̲ס˾䣺Сһң˯𣿡
£ζЦȴûסǽЦֱ
ЦˡΪ˲ڵĿ⣬ɥȨػҲûá
ЦߵǸǸҵĴԺסԼҲˡ
ܻ˵仰ĳ⣬Ҳ޷֪
׳ңϳҪϲ١ֹܿסЦֻǿԼż٩
˲ڣֻг˶ͻԽǰ
Ǵ˸кԽؿһۣûȥѡ¡
ˡѹ
𣿡ܣ˿ڲ裺˰ɡ
Ц磬㲻ó˵ѵġ
Ȼ£ֻһ˵ܿͷαˡ
ȴ֪ΪΣԱһζ㲻ġϲϲ㶼Ӱңϲ͹ˡ
ֱִһԶϲ㡣
Զʵ̫ã֪黰һŵ
زһ£һиĲҶ
ȻľŲ˶ţԥԣʦ֣ȥһ´ʦ𣿡
ôˣʡ
֮ǰȥʦֻ֣˵ˡ˶ɫǵҸɲãҲҴʦ֣Ҫпվȥɡ
šӦ
˶˵ʯûз΢⣬˵ҲǺʱ֮磬ȷʦްˣͿԼˡ
߶ãϻԽطʰȥˡ
뿪ãһС׳һŷ
ۼҪſڣſڵͻطϢ
ҡͷʾܾ
ΪͷۣϾŰ׷֣˿˵ػʦܲǺ㡣Ҿȥһۣܿͻ𣿡
Ҳ룬ȥʲô߼൱ҾԱվŲ˵Ҳǡǡ֤δˡ
Էȴʲôز㷽Ż˵Զϲҡ
û˵ıЩڡ֪ǲǺڷŻ˵̫Լ·
ֻеϲңαرֳϲҵӡʶ˵仰Ȼ
ʶԼķӦЩˡ
ȷʵͰ׳𣬵ûҪ˱ûҪ˵Ļȥвʲô
ʱ߷ֵϲ˵ɰ˷ֳ֣ʮ֣޷ǾöԷ˰ˡ
ԭһɲΪˣԶִδ˵οϲʡ
ָƽľ̨׵һҪȥ𣿡
Ͼҵʦ֡
šӦתȴס㲻һȥ𣿡
Դؿ
㶼˵̶ֳˣʲô취һεؿܲ˵Ҳϲɡ
˭֪㶨Զϲﻹдһ˿۵ķգ˺ڡ
һ˵źڣһ뵽ʲôһٺĽңЦûü˵ȥժժ

л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


42
ڣ
ʦ, ҿԽ𣿡
ûж˼£ʦ֣
һۣȻֲԤ, ѸٵŶ롣
׳ڴͷ, аɫѪ, ͷһҩƿϳԼġ
̽̽׳ıϢȻк, Ϣ΢ң
, ǿн׳ڡ
׳³һѪ˿˫ۡ
ޱĿһ, ѾԤ뵽ľˡ

оôˣ
һΪˡ׳׵촽Ϣٵҿܾûˡ
, οڳϵ׷ʲô
ԴӷչӸҵҩҵսϴθҿ˵ֻǹۡ磬ַһ, δʱѪֹ, ֱԲѡ
ȻԤϣԵ׾ÿЦ˼ҩ⣿
ǰҲҿ, ʱڿ˵ֻˡҽն, ˭֪Ǻξġ
뺦, α˷Ѿʩ롣˵ⶾµҲҵ, ӺôòŷһŮҵ, ࣬ﻹߡ
ЦһҪԲ㵽
㡭׳ֱָһѪ
ס׳ļʾƽ黹ûеʦ㲻ض
黹αƫ̻
׳ᣬץǰҩƿȻҩû⣬Ҳҳȥ᲻һѪʱû˾㡣
Ŀƽشɨ˸ΪЦЦЦҡ
ùҩƿǶһ㵹ԼС
ڿҩɫĿ΢ɲͣƬ̣ǰװȥҩ
ҩƿŻشͷµץţõģҵ治һá
ϾҲô뵽ʲôЦһ岻ÿһӵ£Ϊİ룬ԺιԼЩ߰Ķ
ۼҪҩУֵҲûõȥ

ĿĳؿһۣСȳȥ
׳屾ͱ̼ѪӿòױƵҩȴǿ£˿̸ǲĵؽ
û飬еҩŻشͷɫؿ˰׳һۣųȥˡ
˸䣬ǽͷͣ£ؿǽ
ҺȻǲͬİɡ׳޷޵ؿźϵĸľţû뵽̶̼죬ͱⷬ⾰
ҵء׳Ȼȴڱдȣô
׳֪Ȼ⣬ǰȴԲοһ˶Ҫ֪꣬Ȼϲ
˶٣ӵʦҪ֪£֪θ롣
ûϵ׳ù˵£İؿһۣһһ
νΪҺĿɳ𣿡
Һĵ·ͬ˵ùϣԼûʶ˿еĳɣܸεգƶԵֵ𡣡
ǽԳЦһҵڴʲôء
΢䴦ɡűзĵʱҪȥʥ̵ˡ
뿪Ժ䣬·δκ
еĶԻڼ
ڣ
˼ҹҪԼˣ
Ҳ˼ĿؿŰ׳塣
ʦȻûг£Ҳ֤ݣ޷վ˭ʹա
һĳţ׳ϵȻѾȥ
벻׳ЦỨ벻ҵĺʦܾȻϡࡣƽﲻҪƶô
ûлػֻǲɫؿƺڵյľ
ȻôƿҩȫȥҾͲ׷ˡ׳׵ָڱϣ·ȫ룬ûް޹⡣
áָƿԡ
׳忴Ĳ¾Լܽȴٲƴǰǰ㣬غԼԼЦ
ɫĵҩУһۣԥȥ
׳ֹѾˣһЦαءպ
պҾҲֻ֤ҩ⡣ƽ˵;ֽţ֤뺦㡣
Ϊ˵ʲô𣿡׳ЦҴӦ㲻׷Ȼʳԡֻǵ㰡
Ҳµġ׳еĵǲαɫЩȻ˶٣̾˿ʦúϢȳȥˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


43
ȴ
ǵ, ǰգڶЩ谵
ʰ˶ֵС, Ƭ̺, 룺ˡ
ʲôʱù, עǡ̧̧ƤವؿҪ, ֻʱպã뿪һʱ䡣
ʱպã߲ʵηǱӵĺڹ𣿡
ӸղŵıֿһվߡûҪð, ֮ҲԼϴԩһ¡ܸıණ, Ρ
һᣬԺҲ׻ҡ
΢ĹԵ͵Ĳȴֻİ, ·κζֻƵֶΡ
ȻʣҾҪҵľҳϻǽһȥ
ôʲôͷҲû̧䵭˵ĶҪˣôһż
Ҽôе, ʧ˴ʡ
ϰ׳ķ, һĪıļ䡣
¶䣬Ȳ¶䡣
׳¶ĹľȲϵԼǳʦֵ֮顣
ʱùʦҪЮԼ
ʱ˼ж, ʱ׳˵Ƿ
ʱİ׳ѰԼˡ
Ҳһֱû, û
˼, Ҳڴ˵شȥ
ھ, ֻϡߵúܿ, ·Ҫɼž˦Ժ
ӦѾˣ˵Ѿݺ˲裬ع˼ŵȻôҡ߿ࡹ
뵽⣬ƺЩվſڣϰԵ·ŲŶ롣
ڵĴţԽ΢ſһ˵Ŀͷ
ûôߵǰԹԵص˱衣˺ŷȾһСѪգӦǰ׳ʱСĲ䵽ġ
䣬׼£Ȼȫˡ
̧ͷͷȥһֱĻȴ˿ҲӰ
һ£ȻʲôЦȴ
ԭ֮䣬ͨʵ̫ѡ
֪ʲôԼ˿̵顣
ȻϣȥĵطѡĲ࣬ҪôոҪôʥ̡
ڻҵʱҪûΪı·ߡ
侲룬ָ⻹ǲԾġ
Ϊʲôҡ

չء˶һˣ𣿡
˵ԽȻ¼¶ηǱˡ
ŲΣؿһۡ
Խ˵ƵЩȴǲʵСֹЩ˲Ը
˶üŻԽ˵䡣
ԽȻҲֲ죬һתҲãǶ˽ľ١˵ôÿֲȱġڵݴôЩӣϲϲòˡ˸¥𣿡
ȷʵҲÿ书ǿһʱ˻ԽԽ˵ԽûݲݵβҲô쿴㡣
˶ųĬԽ˵䣬ôԽ˵Խˡ
Խѹⲻڰο𣿡
ôο˵𣿡
ûһԵ˽Щؿ׳¥ݵ
׳ỽȥȻҸо޴ˣձ̡
޷ϢЩʱҲɡ
׳ǹģ£աôˣ
ʱм£˰ɡ
˶ۼղԣ廰ʦ㲡ûãǰѷ˸͹ȥͺˡ
ϰͨ޴󰭡ӷڵļ·ߵ˵ġ׳忴ԷĶúУֶ࿴˼ۡ
С񲢲İѾӦÿ˵Ǻ޸о
䵭Ӧǡǡ˶°Ŀ˵ӡ
ң˭䵭ÿء׳룬˵ˡ
ʦ֣ôͳˡ
šӦˣʲô¿ҷҡһʱ˯
ʦͷİɡ˶һô˵ҲǽееġСʲôҲ鷳ʦ㡣
ЦЦĳ˶ļͷȥ
׳¥ݵ׷𣿡
һˣѵûӦ𣿡
ΪԲûȥ㡣һҵٴΡ
ղ˵Ŀɲһһ㲻˵Ѿްˡ
׳Ȼûøôش𣬳վԭء
ʦ֣ҪǾؿҡ
׳ޱؿȥıӰĴĺžӿȥ
ѾûгԹԼҩˣ˹̹ĸȻɣѾͷˡ
ҵġ
ұΪ𡣿ءƾʲôԸٻͷһۡ

ʪϢӿŲΣ߽˴
ˣλϣ̧ͷ
ͷǡ
ɳǵ鲨˹ˡ鵽˵صĿ𣿡
˵ʲô򡣡
׳Ӵ˹̹һ£ٵǴеĿĲʥ̣ɣжõ´ٵ顣
áЦô춼ûҪĵʱ޿쵽ˣܲɡ
˵Цˡĵ·һΣھ뷢ôʱաֻҪ㱨ѡ
֪ͺá彫һĵӵϣҩʯϹ˼Ȧĸǰȥɣξǰˡ
ޱؼĵô¾иˡ
ȥɡ˵
Ӱʧһһɲǳˡ
ǳôĻ˽Ӹҵʱڵĥһ꣬ˡЩ䲻ĺģúúõġ
忩Цô𣿡
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


44
ҵҲ͸ˣܿʲôء
һ·, ߲нڹк
ʥ̵ĽڴãԼס
ʺ´һӰߵʺ, ĶȺڴˡ
ǰ, ȥҩ, ڵһҪܴ򿪡Ķѹҳһվ֮ʣȡǼ, ϧҩʵ̫࣬ûʱҵĵĽҩ
Ҳһֲ, ҲҾôͳˡ
һٴ͵ĶЩʱҰץʱȥң¥ס塣
šƮƮڴѲӵĽϣع̫ðˡЩ˵ġ
֪Ķ͵͵˵ֻ˸, ֲõԤУҵԺҲˡ
硣Ķһջ, Ŀ⿴
һ䵭ᣬ·ﱧȴΨûаĶһ統õվԼǰᾹԾֱסҺ㡣
ĺ󱳣û, õĵ, һжˡ
ûн㻹ҪȥΣյ¡Ķŵҡ֪, Ѿ䲻, 롭
Խ˵Խʣ뿴úõ, ҪѰһҵ֮, Ȣ, ȵعһ
òãѾĹˣȽӹʥְ̺ɡҪȥʱҲҪűˡ
ǻһˣʧȥ̫ණֻϣһϿ·һҸԼһҲܸҸ
ҵҲ͸ˣܿʲôء
ֻ䵭Ĳɫؿװһˣһܴϣˡ
ѵýԼĵһ뷨˵
ģΪ˱¶ңΪλᶯҡǡǡǳ͢ḳطٸΪ֮ԳսңΪٱϣûȥ̣ûȥԼİաҪģ˲УҲһܺƬĶ
ĶؿĹâת˲ţȴ㺮¹
·еĥѺʹ඼ûκκۼһᵴشд
֪ܣĶǱܵȥš
һнһܽĻЦЦŵ繣ҾȢ㡣
ĵҲˡһһû䲻ҡ
Ķߵ¡
磬ұܺĶԥƬ̣ӻȡһ˫۷·˹⣺ǲµģҪۿʵԼ롣
ĶԼеһССľµذס
Ķ书ʥƽƽ棬Ķ֣ôذ׵;Ϳ֪
ֶȷ÷ߡü伫΢£Ķۿкˮȴ磬á
۶ˡ
Ҳ޸ģͲɾˡñҲˡҪȢӣʵԼ룬ϱӵе
ȵһнĶЦˣġ
ȻӦ
۴ӰҹɫϵһҪ巢ֶߡԻȥˡ
šĶҵĨȥϵۣһȥͷϵҡҡ׹ȴƺࡣ
ҵİ㣬ơŨ·ľһ֮أȴܸǸ֮
˫ۣһһӡ
ϴ󲿷ֵĵҩãõİҲˡ
ԽԽ΢ʵĴȴԽԽƵ
ҪǽļҪ԰
УԼݱ¶ҹ˫׶ֹǽڷ֣شԼֱϡ
ǰǸůĻǸǣһϲ罻֯ĹӰûããޱߵļ
ԺҲиǣҵֻ֣Ϊˡ
עԼֱ·¶Ȼͣ棬ôůôȫ
ӵеĶ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


45
ðȥͻ
˭֪ءǺЦ, ŲصڿտĳϡҲɵ
ܸʲôãҳ϶Ҫҳϡ
ģģԶĶڷڲױſ֬΢΢Щ
һ, űƿ, ˰ֵȥɡ
ǡ
ĶעžеԼ, ƫͷ
ĽŲԶֱվĶĸǰ
޹Ķ°͡
̫û, ˡĶֱ۾
˫ضĶǹݵղܿ˶ٱ飬Ķеһ˿ĵĿ־塣
֪˶, ɿĶ°ͣһЦؿҲ㰡, ˡ
Ķ°ָӡһƵ屳, Сذ硣
忿ϣ˫ۡһж·һʱ̡
ĶҲָƽС΢ǰٻ, ȥ¥ͻ𣿡
ûӦ, ĶΪû
ٿ, ˫ľڴҵץסֱ, ӺקԼĻ
ĶǿһЦ, ޷ȥĿֻš
ңֲ£Ķһ鷢
ûĶĻδ, ȻеͷƤһ
קͷһһµײ, ƵײصԷڣѪ˳Ķͷصεϡ
ֱε͸˺ںѪ·˰˦֣ζؿͷմѪյĶЦˣðȥͻ
մѪĳϼ˺ҹ΢ˮ棬˿˿⡣
²μһں̱߻ͷ˸񣬲Цһ¡
ĵ߹ԭǽģ˸ָĳ֡
֪嶨Լţ̧ͷʲô
ǰɽ;ʱ䵽ϣϵĺܡЦ˼һȥѶ
ӥӵѶֶβ𣿡ںӱ߽Ⱦ̫ˮϴһ˿˿⣬ɫĮԶ
ڳʱʹϸܵϢһ˿΢ɾɱ⡣ҪǵʱϵļڣҽӽѪ
ǻ̫𺳣ʱգڿµʱ򣬶ֲǺ»Ѫ¡
ôȥˣĵվǱһֻֽϻ
嫶˶񣬡˵һ̸֮о顣
ɫδ·ɡ
ߵǰβ롣
İȵѪȺ͸ƾɵζǰ̵زţезסխͨ
˴·Ͳס߿𣿡
һż嫺ٺһЦػⲻΪİȫ롣
ⲻ͵𡣡嫿ɫæһ䡣һٳٲԼΣա
ָķȥڹһȥˡ
˿ҵرϣ˫۽գǻ˹ȥ
ɽɾȻôĳϡ
ᣬҲЩй誣˵ɽĳϡ
嫴ƿţĵƻηڵĸ̾ߡ
Ҫ֪ʲôѹֵϢŪ
ɽڵĻذʮιơһͰˮ˹誣ɽɵ֮ġ
Ȼѣž˫ۺݺݵصһ¡
嫱һȷ޻֮͵سһƣҵҡ
˭ͷ˿ڣֱ嫡
㡣嫶ݺݵ
誺ǺЦˣԡ
嫷ӦһȭкȥסԳȥˡ
嫺ǲΪ뵽ʲôѯʵҪ°һЩ̾ߵ÷𣿡
ɴˡ
嫲еĲãЩ̾ǰη̾߸̶ģܱǲס
ع۸ô¾иˡ
ٶȱϣηֻʣˡ
誵ͷ׵մѪۣ˫ȴţ΢˫͸żֲɺļ͡
֪һ˲Ը˵ʹϾ̷ûõģϱϾû衣
УҲطѾؽӽ
֪ǷѾɽɵϵĴ㣬ĿӦģͬʱ뿴ĥ˵ͬʱĥԼ
Щʲô˵ԭȱش»д鷳
ЩϤ̾߱ǽϣϵʥ̵Ľӡͨ죬ȼյѪ
̧˫ۣߵԣ¯ڷ˷
ĲɵĻӳţȴԲһ˿͵ůĿƽ򶨡ȫ͸һɱֵϢ
ֻЩ΢ĲƵʶķӦ
һ£調ˡ
ǡҪػص
ûĳĴĹԸģѺõ̸˴ʱĳΣ޺ô
調ߵԼĸǰѶһüĿؿҪЮûмʩ˿̵ֻ
쳣ƽþһϡƽ£ɽɵ˵𣿡
誓e˓eͷ
ǾͿɡ
Ļڶ̺ӡƤɵ÷һ˺ѷεźһйȻ˵ܿͽˡ
ֻ²ʹͿһսζ
ķϻ٣誵ʹƣ׳ʲô
һ˫ۿ·ܿġ
֪ײʲôҲ׷
ֺαضһ١誼ѵ㿴ĥΪ֮ˡ
֪ǿԼʥεĴʲôش
誵˫۱ˮס˴ߣӻ¯Ŀڵǲ̫һﲻʺ㡣
ŵĽŲ˶٣ʾˣȴûʲôͬ
֮ѱˣȱԼɡת̵Ļڱʱװιȥһ㣬㲻Ǻܻ𣿡
뵽ţȻԼǰװεġڲŽҴԼ
߳ŭô課֪Լľ仰񾭣˵Щͽһѵ
ڵĺԽԽ˼ˡ
߳ΣȺܿһ·ƫƧСŵΪҪɽɵˣʲô𣿡
ҲϵԷһǵжץˡ
׵Եˡ
ˣƽαװȥü΢ɫЩ̫ÿǸʦ𡣡
ô֪
ڰ׳巿ġ
΢΢һݵĳĬڵǾͲųȥˡ
֪ʦʩԿ̣ô롣
ҿԽ͡Ļû˵ڣϣ㲻ԽͰɡ
ߣӲظ˿ڣᡣ
ȻʶԼԼ̶Ȱε̫ߡ
ʵԲġ
ò˵ʱһͦϲġֺǺǵļ磬·ʲôߵ֮ʣʡġ
ûĿޣĵԼϵ֡
顣ıӰ̲ס̵


46
ɽ޸ġ
ձǰٻˡҹеԲ, ϸ˫д˲Ծڷⲽ
֪ĻΪҪڽԲ֮ҹءЦǰʱҲûôŹ
ʧܵĻǱ޷Ŀܡȴǵֻ·һһ㶼ֻţ
һʧ, ɡʲôµġȻֻڻʱŻẦ¡֪Ѿ̶, ȴܱһ˿ܳȥϣϣǿ־Դͷ
Ѿȷ·, ſˡһЦеشļģ㲻ôŵġ
ѵõᾪһ亹, ĽŲȴͣ˵е
ϵĲԼ˱裬ʦôˣ
˵Ļһ䲻˵˵Ļ˵ࡣüҲԾѹѹ, ЩΣ, ո˵ͬʮĹˡ
ҲǸˡп
ÿɷ񣬶˿ڣȻ뵽ʲô, ̲סЦ֪Ϊʲôô𣿡
𣿡رͬֻȽϸߵһ࣬ûг˵ߣֵٸʵס
ôص
Է, ϵʵΪʲôأ
ΪСʱһ, ʦͻϣʱ, ʱǵ, ġ
˵̲סЦ, еЦ, ûôЦ
ʮûٵˡ
𣿡ӻȷʵ, ʮĺѾ˺ǿ߳ģҿʦҲû١
ǡЦΪѾ򲻹ʮˡ
ôһ˵ʦ𡣡һ˼һֱΪµһʦ㲻ĸˣҲӦǽһķŶԡ
Ϊ֮иϵǣЦݣҪôǾ֮Ҫô֮ҪôĽ֮飬ҪôǰĽ֮ġ
ף̫֮ܡʱϲ׳壬Թ費ԸĽ֮飬㷢ҲӦڰʦˡ⼸ֿҸھ֮
˼ǡ
֮죬һպҵļıɣܳ䵱һ̸еĳ롣
ĬƬ̣㲻һô˵İɡ
Ŀƽؿʵ𣿡
Ȼˣ³֮ͽʥڡ
е˸ҪúϢˣǸֱʡ
Ц£ĿȥıӰӰδȼƣü΢⡣
ȻѾ·ˣſˡ
Ȱ˱ˣȴȰԼ
ֻӮ䡣ûп־壬ȴ޾ִ
ִܼˣֻܱԼϡ
յĶ
λôѶˡڵ˫ۣϹϾ
ظˡ
ǡ
Ķô֣һֱΪ󡣡вϣ岻Ҫ緢ֶߡ
ץʱ䡣нӹŵڵĻϡ
һ΢춯ҵųһ⡣
ܣŶ롣
ǸԲεİңһε춥ĻμһűڷŲͬҩＰҩ
миɫ滨ƿЩҩҩȫװڼٸС״һģһҩƿƿŲͬ⣬Ͽκ
δҲ̫ˡһͷ󣺡ɫ滨ƿΪ磬ҷѰ࣬㷭ѰҲࡣ
˼ƿӣתͷҵ춥ɻڿʲô
ǲǵʥ̵Ľʷڵʥ̵Ľʦķĵʥ̣һΪá
ʥ֮ԱΪа̣ȴڶʹа⣬Ҫǰצǵ͢뼫ȥľ
ɽ޸ġģᡣĵķǵӣ֮⡣
ûΪ岻ĵطһš˵ĽڻٲϲߡĿĵطķͬʥ̵ĽһԿĳʥϣ١ԲŽڡ
ط汻ʯ֮ϣˮӣ춥ȷʵпܴŵĵطյǸδء
ܣЩƿӸûһģһıҪ
ΪϿκԷ룬ҵҵҩ𣿡
ˣô֪ʲô״ƿװʲôҩеƿƿ޹ȫǧٹҲûʲôӰ졣αؿȥ״С
˼ǣ
µĻƽΪĶƽͶȣһģһƿǡƽ׵Ĺߡ
䵽ʯϣĿɫ滨ƿΪ磬ڶе񡢵е߸е񡢵ڰеĸǿյġ
֪ˡȻʵֻҪڶе񡢵е߸е񡢵ڰеĸϵҩƿȡ£ﵽƽ⣬춥ͻ򿪡
ʼȥȡҩƿȡһʱʯڴ־ҹԴϲؿ
̫ԡ˾䡣
ɻ
춥ʯǵͬʱ˷ӿ˲ģ
ųӵ˵ʲôֻоԼصһѡӵʱԼѱƳ֮⣬ҵĴȻϡ
ŵغһصĴҵʯš
޶ʱ·ֹ˰㣬ֱİﴫһŲ
תȥ߸󻤷ˣһ
ǳҵĳۣϴŴγѵ⡣ĳۼҷأ۱մŰ߲߰Ѫ·Ҫ͸ʯķ϶ص֮¡
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


47
ʲôˣҪǰޡ
ϵˡдһ˿, ʹǰ뽫֮С
ǰӣδɱ㡣һȽͶ, ݹˡ
, 񲻹˸ڡЦ
G˸Ķɱô˵Ҿ㶯, ҲǰӶ֡˵𣿡
ǡһЦ˺, ûʲôùǵģα֪ϵӡֻӡȥġ
ΪҪһǿͷ, ֻϣڼµͬʱԼı֡ü·裬ڵĴҶӣΪǸ, ѱ
ҽһκ񲻻úúõġ帧֮̾ļһֱһΪתء
û뵽, Խأ͵һ˦ǽӦ䡣ˤʯ壬ǵĻһûڰ
ŵһæȥڵزס壺Ϣŭ
ؿڻ, ִȻ, Ϸ˳, ӴĹ, , ҿԿΡ
ϿȰ, ȴǲ๵Ͼھƴӳȥ, ûĵĽҩҲ¡㿴ô
ЦһŭĿӣɹʡ̰֮
ããҲ޺ˡһҧÿ졣
󻤷ǰȥ
׵ͨ˴αֵúáұ㲻һΪ󻤷һٰˡ
ǡֱָͨͦϽ
˦öסͨλѹȥ
ͨԽ䣬ǰ۵Լһȭȭʢſȭ
ֻ̧ͨӽȥܣһ֡
á嫴󺰣󻤷ġ
ͨУƻסҪλ
ȥնеĳ
Ӧ顣
ǺС嫾˼֮ΪӲĸʯܿһи֪ȡá
ͨʧȥֻȭ·硣
״ҲԹۣԵһƻֱš
ⷬں֣ͨܲ
һƣ˫ۣеʹȴûе
֮ʣһӰӺ󷽷ԽһơǿƷϯǽƾϨ
֣徹жԷȻؿˣ㲻ǡ
ɢ֮ʣǣסԼѨλɢ۵ĵط壬Ѿˡ
Сеƣڵطסβȵ塣
ŭһϰķ·磬֮ǲʣٶϮȥ
˭֪Ҳ㡣һϲһƿբй飬ɢȥˣһֱΪҲ޷ۣƱһǿѹţ±޾
󷨡¶ֻֻ֣̿ؿڱһߵķݰˤ֮Զ
³ѪĭԼҵţӦ֪Ȼ㷴Ӧٶٿ죬סѨλҲãסڱҲգܽȫ⡣
֪ʲͬѰǶеĶҲһ㶾Ҳ޷䳹׻⡣ȻպٸգգÿÿԷ긹֮ʹ
ǰҩأ
ô㡣Ҹ㣬ҵ𣿡ϴŷ̬ЦݣǸһ
ȥǿ֮ĩȴ϶Լаѱǿ
һֻ֣µָа
һеѪĭ΢ÿҪҶ˲Ȥһ衭ȿȡһˡ
δᣬһѽק
վҲǻλƵġ嫸æһƣһֲ塣
谵ҰÿЩƵ£峤°ڵİ߲Ѫɼ
ע⵽ߣЦรǸŮ˲䵽ϵġ
ȻұҡסֽţҧԾһ鲼õһһĥġ
ãܡǱѽ³һԸ͵־Լⷬƺɨ䵽ˣæҲȻһȻܺᲢۡǰҼ򿴹һң޷ϰ䡣˭֪ϰû󷨵Եʡһд񹦣պʥǿ

ǰܶ໭档
·ڵĶذ׷ŵС
磬ұܺ
ǲµģҪۿʵԼ롣
ǰССľµذ׾ϡ
Լüֶȷ÷ߡ
ͣһ̣Ķ̧ͷۿкˮȴ磬á
ذףԭΪúûȥû뵽ȴѵΨһ;
ֻо䣬Ǿ仰
磬á

ۼţָֻŭʲô΢΢طһˡԼıѾڿһˡ
ڽľΣա
־ȥҪʲôĽҩҰѽҰѽ֮λøòãɱҡɱҡ
ʺѪҺȾ͸ʯ壬ѾûϢĶûͣڶʬйߡ
ɫݵؿڳ˽Եһ˸ǰһ
ߵ嫵ǰͨһҷ˵ĶϷԣϷԡҪɱңҪɱҡʲôûҸϵֳʱѾˡҪɱңҪɱҡ
嫵Ͼ־µˮħ˰㲻ϵظǼ仰
·˵Ļ嫿־رֻۣһʵ嫸оԼѾǧٿסۣһѽʬſȥ
˲ɢ̱ڵϡ
У˦еĽѵһ죬˴ҳһؿȥ
ĵɾ嫡ͨ
嫴ӵֻɥ˼ҵĹ͹ظ

ҵʱľڡ
ˣ
šӦ
Ҳ´ˣڽڻûʲôңһаáŻƻıӰͣƬ̣޾Ϳްɡ
ʲôˣҪǰޡû̧ͷƽ
ϦĺĳбӰӡ
µƿԣؿ
ƺһ־ѹֵϢӣĬ죬㵱ΪҪƿң
˭Ҳ֪֮Ƿаȫȡĵط
ҵʺ㲻һҿܻһ
ƽõѡ񡣡
һЦʲôõѡⶾĽҩûС
ҵѣΪʲôҪشҡ
ڣҪһʱ䣬ӵݵոӻɡʥ֮̽λǿ֮ˣĵơ
춥ˣĵطֻСҪҴͲ⸱⾰ˡ
⣬ֽϵ˶ţҪʱԾȥ
áĲһηǸ¶ȵˣǸԼ͸¶ȵˡ
ο߹顣
ڣϴ¶ֻ˾ѹ
һѱסء
ûƿ
ϦϵůɫĹ߱ģ
޾Ϳްɡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


48
ƾ˭ֲᣬһʦء
ڷʰճʱƷ, £֮ͭǰ
Ѫɫʥӡɼ
˰С, ӡǻȥ
Ѫ˳ŵе, ӡǱҵĵڸǡƿҩ, ְһ¡
⴫, 
²μһˡͨ
̽ˡЦ㲻֪𣿡
ʥִ˵ֻν֮λ
ıʱ浱ȥУҲþͨĴǣʵʲô
ʥִ˵˼Эȥʱ򡣡
, ЦõǺ⣿
˵Խ˶Ͱ׳弸ǲԽɺɽɵ, һպֽȫûӦ
Ǹʥ̵СආСආٸһСආ, ú𣿡
⡭
İţˣһҪ

Ͱ׳еһɽ·һС
ﳤ·࣬вʱ¹
, ڴ˵Ϣ°ɡ׳Щϲ·ˡ
šӦ
ƮƮظտĿС˶, ˨ϣһִϻԽļ򣺡ڿԴ, ƵĹѾˡ
˰, ľͷƹü
ľͷôˣ˶
ҾûǳȽϿסԽ̫³˶, ֻøɰͰ͵׳һ, ת, ȥ𣿡
̧ͷЦҲȥԡ
ϡ˶ȦܵߣҾ˵Ӣͬ
׳ҵ廹ûãȥɣϢһ
ţȻˣǵͽɰֿˡԽ
׳ӦԶϣؼϼصĲ˹ƣˮӳƷ׸ߵˮ
Ũҵĺھֱܶϡȫµʼ𣬰׾Գ
׳ԼˮеĵӰȻиӰһ
˭׳һȥ
˵ҾѲǸӰȥ

ô䲻ء˶ľյ
Ҿ˵⹭аɣ㻹šԽһ֪˵ı顣
ꡣ˸ƣԶǰֻҰ¹ּԲݡ
ӳ˶ùĿרעشʸ֣Ұ¹Ĵȡ
Ұ¹ܾʹ͵Ծ
׷˶
׷һľԣٲҰ¹ӰǰԵ˽
ʦ֣ôʯߡ᲻ڱ䵽ʥʥֵʥʧ٣ǻʥˡǼʦֵҪѪԣҹʥܶ棬ͺˡ
Gҵô˷ʥ̵ĵɽ֮ơӦûǺʱС

Խ˺ǵ뷨һ֪׷Ѱ޹ȥ˺δ˵ӣǸʯҲúǻˡ
ʦֵһ·ˡ˶
ԤÿͰʾߡ
⼸˿Ŷǧɽɵĵӣ˲ս뿪˴˵ء
һߣ׳׷ǸӰ
Сֵĵ൱Ϥ׳׷һƣƶǰߴȥ
ľ㵹סǰȥ·
׳ⷢʱ׷С
Сıصһơ
Сײɣļܵ޴ײ۶ϣʱûϢ
׳֣ûҡ
û߼ԶԶؿǵӰæ
ʦ֡˶ȷ˰׳壺ôܵˣ
ղǵˣҵûлָСĶ֡׳ں׷ȻǰҸϵ˵أûϢ
ڴǧɽɵˣû׷ʥ̵ʥҲỹںʱڡ˶ʬĲ״桹һ˵Ƕ֡
˵ǻǿ뿪˵ΪáԽüǧɽɲɽɲ͡
ûпĿȻͣǾʬϡ
׳״ǰסߣҺܡ
ס׳Լ壺ôˣ
Ϊղǿ׷ϴˡ
ǸϽȥϢɡס׳ĸ첲ΪֹѵԴԼ֡
׳ϸģлл㡣
ҵʦ֣ʲôлġ룬Ҳ˵ˡ
Ϊ뿪ҡ׳ҡ
ȥ鲻ˡɫЩÿġ
Ը̸۸ϵ˽£׳˽һϲԼҲٺԼԽصЦ
˶ۼЩԣĻԽղźò״˵¹ˣҺͻֻȥܲԿɡ
ţСĵ㡣׳
Ű׳صԭĵص㣬׳£һ
һֱ˶ͻԽûҹĻ٣һ֧˦ϣϹų˶ͻԽ½ǡ
˦ڵ̿;վڲԶϣ·ڵȥ׷
Сթ׳
˶ͻԽӦöϡʦ֣ڴ˵صңȥȥͻء
Ӱʧã׳OO@@
ȺСëһ٣ٶɧңΪǸ۸ģǾ͸һֻһ򵥡
֮˴һмЦ
׳ŭת˹ȥȥ
˵Ṧ˵ã׳弸գƵسԼ˹ָԶԾȥ

̿ãڳи֮˦Դıסȥ
վࡣ
߰ˣ㵨ӲС
Զĳ˶ͻԽӣ£ﻹһ鲼
ֲԴϻһĻۡ
Ϊ˸ʦܱ𡣡С۽ߵĽ棬æ
𣿡Ķ˶٣ʦĪǾ͵ǶС
֪ûʲôģƭ˵кǰȫȫƨ
ͨԸ̣ǿŵǡ
Ҵˡһ˲佫ϵĽ
ͨľֵۣǸȻô׾ٵذˡ
ʦӦ˵Уûϵ
ۼǸᣬҲ׷Ԥȥ⿪˶ͻԽӡ
˭֪ȻаѳԼĲӣתͷЩ˼ؿͨ
ͨԶԲСôôӡ
ͨΡΡ˵˵ۿʦɱʦܣһġ
ЩЦƿĽ
ƾ˭ֲᣬһʦءĻͨĶ
ͨ˵Уһʱȷʵʶˡʱ˳ʯ˴ǡײ׳ɱ˴ˣ㽫ƾͼʦֵݽ˶ͻԽ˵ء
һѽͨȥ
ЩЦãڴʱԶЩ
һҵĴ׳ڹĴ֮Ե쳣տֱǸë̫࣬㾿˭
ժ֡
㡣׳ʲô
״ûҵĶ书˺ֵز
׳һ˿ĳֲ˵ҩʵվվߣ㲻Ҳûá
ǸɫĵҩԼŽȥġû׳ĻֱԵ㽫ҸҩԭΪ㲻ңڿΪ˹
׳˼ƣɫ΢㳡
Σ˭ҳ׳ҽձҪɥڴˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


49
Ķϲë᣺лл
׳֮ȥ, վԭء
ȴһƿ֮׳ؿԼƷ类һǿĽ
ʱ䵽˰׳ǰ
׳һ˿Զ׼Ļң, ҽ͡
֮Ѿûʲô˵ˡ׳δʧ顣
ɽɵŹ, ǲа书ġΪἰʱͷ, ڿҴˡ
ҲȲѣ
˭𣿡ʵ, ãûܵȵش
̾˿лָһɵ, ¶İʦ֣Իɽɰɡ
˳ʦŻ˼Լѡ
, ҪŪôѿô׳ۼѾȻǶֻôһ仰ǰô֪㱡֮ˡ
ɫһƽ, ·ûΪĻܵκδȴָԾץԼ¡
ǰҲ֪״˵òȻ֮ˡΧԶţݺˣҵմߵһҲɡ
㡭
ԼߣǱߡ
ڵġ׳ݵҵ, һ졣һῴߵ˾˭
׳Ȼһ, Ӱɫ֮С
ǰһ磿û°ɡ
ҡҡͷܿ
û, ôˣ
Լ, ȻҪˡ, ûзұԩˡ
, һûϹֱڿ, ίԼʶԼԴ⣬οҼС
ͨڲԶϿĿɿڴ˵ƽʱĽ⻹֮ǰϺԼŵľ
ǰﳣ˶ͻԽ⿪ӡ
˶ִﳶ鲼̾ʦҲһʱвʹϣܻɽɺú÷˼
Ҳû뵽־Ȼˡǰ֮£Խ̾˿ԩˣǡһֱҶˡ
ûϵЦ
ֻͨһŵЦĺβͶҪ¶ˣûٿȥռƻ³Ǿԭ̨ʣɽģˮһǱ𡣡
֡˶ֹ
ܴ˱Ƚ֪֮ۼ򲻹ǣʿɶֹˡ
ʵĽݳǾڲԶˣ³ʱܵڲõȴʦϢҲҹˡ˶
šԽӻҹɫǺ
˻صԭʰһ·϶ûô˵˶ͻԽҲ⣬һʱֻʣ³
ȵĽݳǣ˼ҿջס˽ȥ
˱裬ݸôˣ
ǲҲͦġʵ
ʵҲ̫˵Ŀһ˵ŻѵõЩãҴûлɹԼСֻҪ֤Լ㹻ã㹻ԾͿˡΪҲ
ʵϣܶ˵һж᷸ܶҲ׳˵Ӧٶһ棬Ǽ
ҲǴġĬƬ̣Ѿˡд۵ģΪҲһִۡ
Ҳ˵һ᷸Щ˸ûֻȥԴߴһ¾Ԩ֮£׳Ѿˡ
Ҳ顣Լصĵߡ㣬Ҳһıá
ȻסĶϲë᣺лл
һ£һŰַŵıġ
ûкܵ㣿
ֻʶ˾䡣
һֱܼǿʾشĻȻĻشˣܺܶࡣ
һɿƽ齣Ȼܾǰո￴Ů˯ľ
֪Լ⣬ǰʹ׳мˣ̲סʵ㡭⼸춼ô˯ģ
ǿ룺û⼸Ҷûô˯Ҫúòҡ
뼫סԼ΢΢ǣϧûɹֻЦ£ãұ˯
Ҫ˯档
ðڴӦˡ
ִϣĻȻ˸Լӽ˴ࡣ
ײɣſЦõ
𣿡Цſ˫֣ҪҪһΣ
ûֱش⣬һĿ˵;ҪҪġ
Уʲô
չȥһ£ûзԣǴŲ촽ŲȥֲԾذϴ齱ߵľ壬ؼǡ
ˮڷ
ֲԾץ˴ƺڵԼĳ١
ڴʱ⴫᲻ص˶͸ŷ촫ʦ֣˯𣿡
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


50
ᡣӦЦˡ
ѵЩ, ӴָǰȥˮգŴ򿪷ţôʲô𣿡
ʦ, ˯𣿡˶ſ, ɫǸȻ֮ǰ˵ʱ˯, Ҳڹ
Ŷû¡һû˯
˶ɽ˵ʦڳĽݳǳ, ܿܺǻˡΪʱ׷Ѱ޹ҲһЩɸʯ߸ʦֵĻϣڴ˵صǻж
šӹ˶еſ, ˶յҸղžջһͷ䷢ֿջס˺öǧɽɵˡʦ¥ʱСһ, Ҫʲôͻ
òҪ¶ҲΪģǺǧɽɵĹϵͽš
˵ʲôأЦĽݳɽˮ𣿡
ǰͰ׳塢˾˯ͬ, ˳˶δ֡
չԡ˶Ҵͻ־͵ǽɽˮˣϾֲɽɵˣӦñȽϿš˶˵ҲЩ㣬̾˿ϣŰɡ
𣬻˶Ľݳԭһ, Ӧûŵġ
˶ЦЦ, ʦҾͲϢˡ
š˳˶Ҳû, ˴ߵƣ˯ɡ
ڰ, ڰĻԵӼž, ֻʱЩ΢Ķ졣
Ƭ, ƿ, §
ƺۣʱ˯ˣֻдյúܽ΢ĺ
ȾҲ˼⣬ҹɫۣ˯ȥ
ڶһ磬߳ţڷǡҲŵһͥŲ˳
ǧɽɵĴʦĪ峽Ҳǰ׳ڱò˹һưѶԷŻѪĪ峽
ûӦ֮ߣͼĪ峽ֵؿһۣʲôƵĻȻ
㡭ǡĪ峽Ǻû˵һ仰ҲƵ¥ȥ
֡ǴƵЦ⣬ûסЦ
Ӧ˵ô˯һ䷿Ȼ˵ǵкô
᣿żֲί
ᡣӦЦˡƽǰδеᡣ
Щ˼ƿߣϵرһһΡ
ʲô
ǡһʶػһ䡣
ǡѵüģ̲ס
ҧԼѣЦղŲֻɴǵǰ߹ȥߣȥôˡ

˶ͻԽ·¥ݵڵʱǧɽɵѾΧڳԲ˺Ⱦ̸š
Խ³˶䣺ʱǧǡ
˶ЩϤϸػһ£ǧɽɶʦֵ֡
ڽУʱǧǵĪ峽Ī峽ֻ书ϳˣǧɽɵĴʦֻƾϵʱǧǾͲһˣ书˵ãƤӵĹҲϢͨ
ǧɽɵĵӴ඼ֻǲ֪ʲôԭϴεıûμӡ
ɣⲻǲԽɵĻʦ𣿡ʱǧҲ˻Խ
ɲͬʦ˵ȥɡԽص
֡ʱǧ΢Цһƺѣα⡣
ʱǧֿ˶λĪǾɽɵ֮㡪˶
ʶҡ˶ɻ
жšʱǧǲɽҲûáȥĩʱǧɽҲУôѡǧɽɡ
ɽΪʦ֣ǧɽɵĽûһܳʦֵġ˶ֱԲΥ
Ȼ֪˵ʵʱǧȴٱӣҲû˳Ļȥǲ֪˵ǡ
ԽҺͳһʣԽͬһ˵Ľݳԭųǡ
ǡʱǧ̽ӻ˵ҲΪڽҹңƻᡣ
˶ңƻ᣿
ôѵ֪Ľݳеƻ𣿡ʱǧǵһ˫һ̽ζ֪ĽݳԭųǣȴĽݳĵƻᶼ֪֡
Ȼ֪Խ廰ҺͳҲΪƻĽ
มʱǧӦףλþˡ
ҲǡԽ
˶תͷͻԽ˸Զǵλ£֪ɽΪʲôǧɽɵĹϵôˣǧɽɵᡣ
ӢͬԽѹ
ʱǧջߣĪ峽һ糺س¥ʵʦôˣ
Ī峽֧֧¥һˡ
Щ˼ƫͷȥֻʱǧǶ˼䡣
˼г˶Խ棬ˡʱǧǵĻȻֹ¥ˣû뵽ѹֻеѲҵĹˡ
ʱǧǳƬ̣˵ϲǸ׳塣
׳ǸôĪ峽
ΪĪʦǼ֮Ǻɽˣԭֻ˰׳һ˰ʱǧۣЦŵ٩
Ī峽Цֻǿǿ߻Ǻܾġ
˵˽ҲҪȥƻˡ
ȻſɡĪ峽ȻеΣУһǻɣϸж
ʱǧ̾˿ҾΪѺʹʦ˯ɡ
Ī峽һݵʦֹȻû㡣

һӽĽݳǷֳֻ̻ͷǧյӵˮ΢
ȺӵǧɽɵڲԶΧһ𣬳˶ͻԽһⲽ
˶Ȼ˵Һһ棬ȥʦҲǿԵġǴС浽󡣡
ˡԽҲ֮ǰһֱҺȻǻͦġ
֡˶صļ磺˰ʵǹϵãҲһ𰡣˶˵ȫ̻
Խŷֳ˶ȫȻû˼ԿЦá
ھѾˣǴϹȥ԰ɡԽȺͷۣ˵ǰȥ
֣ȵҡ˶ƿȺص
ÿָ⸧һյɫơ
λӸÿСҪϲһõһƣܹٸͭ壬ơ
ðӦ
û뵽ְķеĻ㾹ȻáЦ
㲻ͦ𣿡
㰡Цſԩͷ
ûʣµĻƣôģûֹ
յƣůƵĵƻţԵ쳣͡
Ƭ̣֪ΪκȻ誵Ļ̶뵽Ų£óȷнۣҰ
𣿡ɵҾҰ
ȥŷȷʵԼôһ㣬ܿͷڣЬױҸߡ
ЬҲߡ¶Цݡ
ԣЦŶЬǱһΡ
ЩεظɿһôãҵЬɡ
ӳ⣬طʵ˵أ
ֿ÷ȥ򡣡
δشһȺ֮С
ҵʱĶһ㱡С̯ӹһ÷⡣
ϻƣ÷⣬Եʮּ
ʾԼ÷⡣
ӹҧ˼ڡ
ó𣿡ѹʵŶʵڿղԼƷ
û˵ؿ
ĶǴЩ΢ʹĽëŻ£۾ȴǺӣ޴Ů̲
΢΢ЦһֺõζԵʮ
ջߣⶺҾúӶ԰˿óԡ
üĲԾѹѹԳ֪۸ҡ
˵仰Ӷ԰ȥ̶һű߳ɮȡظС
ЦؿįıӰſž濴ֿ
Ȼһ
źԶС
عͷ˼׵һ¡
ȵĴдһ˲䣬̻ڶŵ
̧ͷŷⲻǴ
ͷԵʣ̻ö󣬷·ֿɼ
į̻δڰһ̻㸲ı
Ҳ졣
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


51
·Լ峿˴Σִ紵
𣺡𣿡
ʲôһ, ȷʵһоģΪ⧲ŻñȽ
ûӦ, ˱飺÷𣿡
ŷԼ˼, һá
ϵ˷ӵһȥ, ԶĴϳɫƣϻ˱Ӽ
̻ʢ绹û, ΧĻһƬ
Ⱥлعͷ֣ץ, ߶ˡ
һֽձʮָۣĺ, һһºеã
̻өʻ
ĺڷϵƽƣָ⴫Ĵ˰ġ
ЩӵζƮɢڿ, ̻ζиɫСԵζζ
ںҹȴ·Լ峿˴Σִ紵, 
ͣ, һ̨ףٻܿü
վһ㣬Žƴǰʻ
˴ӳ, һӱӵˡ
ֽ, 
껨ֳԵ, һڻʶĴϡ
ɫԶʻȥ, ɫʰ쵵Ļơ, ϻƣţƣɫǧ̬
ϵĺڸ׵ļϣؿǰĻƣﾡůɫĹ⡣
ڽһ
ҵƻ΢ƽҲȾ޵顣
ǰľ飬һͻϮǿд컵ķΧʲô
ûлػվһ̨ϣӱԼĻ
δڣһֻѹƽͷϵ鷢ƽƵԼǰҰ
ƽڳһʵִ˼ֹһ
һЦˣЦЦ̲סȥ磬ʤҲ̫ǿ˰ɡ
û취ûһ£ǰ͸ˡ
΢
ա
Цʲôûѵġ
ߵҰһ
˵űϸϸƺҺʵλá
Ķ˱죺硭
ֹס֣ſļϡ
ıǼζľ䣬ƽĲʱģ͵ĴС
ϵ̻˼֣ȺɢȥԶƻɺ
ȥ𣿡ʵ
š˲ջȥ
ңԶĺӰ߻м̯λȻŵơ
˶ְӲϣ̽ͷȥԽֽдʫ
ֱ˼棬δ񡣡˶ֵÿ
ޡԽҪϲĻ͸㡣
ԣһȥͰúõղ˶ЦŴӦˣʵҪҪʦֺչҲ
Խϴһ˿΢ɾįǳЦǽƲӦòҪˡ
˿濪ġĪ峽ڲԶų˶ͻԽ
ǾͲˡʱǧǵʯûз⣬ձԳ뿪˵ˡ

¹ӯˮһţдһҵʹ
ĺӸд鲼֫ٺ
ôˣʵ
е䡣˿˵̫໰ŲҲЩ͡
ʱգܵĶҲ÷ˡ
ôءץ֣䣬ȴϵ亹
ϣɫܲ԰ףȥ̵úࡣ
ܣ뱧ʵ
ʹѾ޷شĻˡ
ֻСִĸλʱԸоüͷøһЩ
ĸڣůĵ
ʶмֻ㱣ͣꡣ
۵ԼӸֻ˵§ߵǲǾ
ãƺһü΢΢ɿЩЩƣۣ˯һͺˡ
Ѿȫûˣǵɫǿżһ䣺ġ
˵仰ۣ˵˯ȥǻȥ
ؽһûлӦ
ʱϵʹȥˣص˫ۣԼϺ乵ģˮݹһ
촽ԼĶͷرԼ
ûŹԼ
֪Լǰİ̫ѷǰ鱾Ҷů
֪òԼǻ
ؿĲս֣ػرס
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


52
׳ߵҶǰ¹Ӱ׳˼˼
ˣʱԼ, ë΢ס˫ۡ
šȻҲôġ
Ღȥǰ鷢ϵĶô£
ĬƬ̣ɿ˫, ڴߣʧǼȥʥ, ʥѾˡʥصʥܶ, ֽˡ
ȥ˵뿪ʥ̡ǷѾȻȥѾ, ˵ҶΪʥ¿๦ķϣĵҩ
ȷʵǰѽҩˣָһֶÿ, ұҪ긹֮ʹ
ô˵üĽӦһȥġ
磬㻹ҪҺʱҪ
Զ, ⽻֯һΪֻʱ뿪û뵽ôΣյ¡
֪ˣһȥ
ҵ游, ڻŰٲˡƽ涾Ҵȥ§
ᡭ
ٲӵɽ˵زԶùʦִų˶һԺǻϡ
ֵϢһ£ȥͳ˶˵, ܿ
Ķͷ, 뿪ˡ
ץ˽Ȼʧ
ʦ, չأ
˶, Խ, Ҫ˵¡ü涾, Ҫȥһɽʱʦ, ǺһҴ£ܿͺǻϡ
šȥɡԽ׵
ʦ֣㲻õģײˣ򲻹𣿡˶ҹʦλŵڻнڵһЩӹûµġ
š뵽˷΢
صڣɫߵĶ·ҪҪϴ裿
ֶǷʱܵ㡣粻ذҵչˡ
ȵϢĶأ˴ߵԡȥ
ϴʰָ˶Խ˱ɽȥ
紵ּ䣬ɽɵĻ׷·
׳Ųǰȥ
Ӵⲻǰʦôһ˻ˡάһڵӴӰ׳߹ڰߣ׳
ʦֲӦøʦһȥѰ𣿡άεôʦ֡
޹ء׳һڵӶǽôȤʦ֪˿»ѹɡ
ʦôһ˵ôӲʦ־ϲʲô𣿡άҪΪֺα̽Ϣ
˵顣׳Цһ顣
ά࿴Ű׳ıȻ򣺡รҶˣʦԭǺʦѽ
׳岻άԣתߡ
ΪǸɡάҵͷԾˡ
ά׳ͣ˽Ųʱոۿȥģǽһ
ϸ룬䰡һңһǹٻӵܡּ̼ҳүȷʵ䲻ϡάοǰʦ㡭
άĻû˵꣬׳һƴؿڣǻһʹѪζ㣬ʲô򣿡
ҷȰòҪˡ׳ĿԺ󣬲Ҫǰҵļ˫ס
άôҲ벻׳廹ôһ棬ûлعͼ׳תɽȥ
׳ûȥʦҶǣֱȥҩڡ
ǰȥҩڰæҩڵӿ쳣С
ʦ֣ôˡȿ
ҵ״̫ãǰˡ￴ûϴ赤
Ӷҩóϴ赤ԥʦ֣ж˵ϴ赤һе嶾̱һȰ㿴Ϊá
ˡ׳嵭صһ䣬ӹеϴ赤
ʦֺǰ̫һˡ忴Ű׳ȥıӰߵµ
ǻ·̫˰ɡµ
׳صԼķģؼ
˹ڶ׶Σ޷磬ҩߣ飬ϴ赤ÿռΣϹºԴɡ
ϴ赤ҩﶼңרȥҩ⼸ζҩ̫֣׳һɽ
ɽɽҩ̣׳幺ҩɽȥ
ľֵʱӭһס˰׳塣
׳嶨ȥЩʱ͸˹ؼĲ˹Ůӡ
׳Ȼô
ǲ˹ŮǳЦ̣ǲ˹̵ɽɽѾа࣬ڼоɽɽµĻǺͷˡ
ɽɵĺöӶɽȥˣ˿ǹɽɵʱ˹Ůӵһ˫ӯӯ׳壺ϣ׹ҡ
׳ܹ£Ҫΰ㡣
ǵˣɽɵĻܲɽɵĽ˼£֮ǰǺ𣿡
˸ҡ
Ҫ˵ô˹Ůӵʱ˼㲻ͺ⡣
׳ϳһ˿ԥȴûзԡ
˹ŮԵҩǿﲻ֪ܲܰҩ˵ɽɵĵӾһЩǿ
׳ɽɵĵһЩʶҪô˵ˡҲܴӦ
¾綾ֻҪҸĹƶˡҲҪֻǷǡ˹Ůӵպҽ̴ϣʱٻܷӳ˼ºǻϡ
׳¶ɣô㵽ʱ򲻻ɱǣ
ҵԭľСūǲ˹̵󻤷Ľǣ㱣֤ȻΪǡľСūɽɵĳǶĸĸȣѵͲΪĸĸ𣿡
׳ľСū֣ҩҡ
ľСūЦˡ
׳վҩſڣһ̤˽ȥ
ʦ֣ôˣʵ
Ŷûǿ
ǿͳһŵģʦ㲻ؿ忴Ű׳ϵһ˿ȣΣЦʦɣȸҲС
׳ͷҩ
ҩãζ쳣Ǻˡ°׳岻Ӧʦȥ
š׳Ӧһ岻ע⽫ƶǿƵ
ʦ֣ˡתʵûоòǺˣ
ţöˡ׳ֺһллʦá
ʦ֣ҪǿӳҩóеļŵݸһǿſʼֻЩ
ʦˡ׳
ʦֲؿ嵭Ц
׳彫ǿװڽſǻһ¶˽ȥ
Ҷǰ鿴Ľڵ¼
׳ߵҶǰ¹Ӱ׳˼˼
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


53
Ʒ·ֿɼˬķڶ߻ȥӿеķ
ɽΡ, оŰپʮŲݣʿΪݡ
ʱŵɽ
ɽϽһլԺ, ǰƿլ, ֣
߽լԺ, Ժžмɭ˲ƫƫһ߹ײĺһλ
ٲѾˣʡ
ƿײĵĸ, 㿴
ײտҲһ۾ͷеĻذأڹײﰴ˼, ƿ˹ײĵĵװ塣
װһ˲ȥ
ִүү͸һүүˡ
֪лأ
Сʱ⸱ģ, ʱٲ˵̫ˣ˲ִүүûа취ôһС
ҲǼ¡˼, Ȼؽȥϲ׳һ󣬲Ȼ׷߱ڻҪһ
ִƵ󣺡ҳʲôɴס
ۣ˸˰ʱż˹
˳ȥŵ
ṦȻװɹµʱ, 
ѧ, ҽ㰡Ļû˵꣬ͼһ׷˴լԺ˳
˵˭ͷӵס, ԭСƤ
ִүүЦӭȥ
үүá
, áٲʶػص, ĩ˿, ǳǳüС, ҿ״̫ð
ӻִүүеĶ
Ȼ²ٲɡ
֣¡
ʲôЦ
˵Ļٲڵ£ָָ
Ƭ̺ζؿҲͬѰʶ޷ⶾȷʵҪһʱ䡣
Сץҩٲ˸
Դǵؿһۣϰٲˡ
ǺˡٲҩСʡٲֹֻԵʵ޷˶ٿ࣬ôġ
в̣͵ǰʱʥ֮ȣʥ˺ܶࡣ
ٲ˵С֪һȳڽУ㲻ܲ౸ۡ
֪Ǻ⣬δ⣺ллִүү
ٲ˳̾˿Ȼô˵һᾡκڴ˵Щʱհɡ
δڣٲֵ㷽ǵĵģ²ֹô򵥰ɡȥɣҲҪҩˡ
˼ЦЦٴεлȥ
Щ֪ٲ˿˶٣ָ˵˶١
˵֪󷨵ʣ޼Ҳѱٲ˲ˡ
ֱһ̣ŷ
ôˣһࡣɵ㲻ں°ɡ
ûСϸ˵ǳЦ
ģĲΡԣúٳ
Ӧֱס
һۣû취
磬㻹ǵϴĻеͷ𣿡
ЦһǾأӡ
ʵҲǶһϲͨһһӡǳЦ
ɿóе׺ͼͬʵ
ݼϸڷСķף˻еĿء
һӴӲͬײ﷢ÿеʸУȴ쳣
ǡˡ
һδؿŻеרעʲôû˵ȴֺʲô˵ˡ
ǰԼҲԸԼǰӡ
ڣԼҲû˵ء
ûн͵Ĵ㡣
ֻˡ
ͺһֻһ
ڣűߴٲˬʵЦ˭Ļе˱棬ˮƽˡ
ҵʦǽΪܳĻеʦӦ
ѵû˼ǵıٲ˳̾вأҪҪȥ

ҵʱִүүûô飬Ҳû游Ķؿٲˡ
ⲻ滵ˡٲһȻʱŶ󣬶˼⺢һͱ㿿ס
ЦȻĻ̫ͬ
ٲ˴һĲֿ⣬ӳһֻ޴Ļе
һֻġȥ
ֱ˵ʲôءٲ˼ŭ
үүµĻеˣ˵Ϳ԰졣ٲ˵ĻоǻǲȥˣǺúɡ
˵űеߵĳͼϵ֣ôˡ
ɡΧĻе£ˡ
ٲζСӣ㿴츳
ЦЦԶƤë
ˣɡٲ˽е˳һԿˣʹҪҪҰý
ˣЦõִүүҰɡ
Сٲ³һ䣺ֲẦǡ
һЦˡ
̤ȥ֣
е񲻶ϷƾȥĿԶɽ۵ס
紵鷢¿ھ䣬ϸ΢⡣
鲻ԽЦŷѽĻ
ʲôЩ⣬̲סЦôС𣿡
ͷ紵̫ˡ
˵ʲô̫塣
еڿоҵص£յߵ˵ͷ紵̫ˡ
ú£ôҶᱣġһػص
ôҲǹˡ
Ц߼˵˾䣺Ұ
ûˡЦˣҪƿ
ʶر
粻ƿҵĶԲԡƫͷһ¡
ȻոһһԼ
˿̵ϹǳЦƺܲӡ
ɳܵطԼ¸ˣҲƿһ£ֽ§ø˵㡣
еµͷЩɽּ䴩
粻ˡֲȥǰ鷢
ƫ⿴ȥƷ·ֿɼˬķڶ߻ȥӿеķ硣


54
׳ȥ˼һƬ⽣Ӱ
һðҩ, һ
Կ£ݸһ۽
΢¡
ִүүҪģ˵һӰ첻󡣡
ûϰߡ
ʥ̺ҩľ, ɬ, ɵԺˡ
δ˸, Ĭؽӹе۽Ž
ҩ˻̶ʱ䡣ٲ˳Ŵڼ仹Ҫܵడ
լԺﻹһ䷿, Ǿסɡٲ˵
ллִүү
ϣͶһΡ
ɫ԰ֽǿЦҽ°ɡ㽲, ҾͲʹˡ
á´ᣣǰиΪѰ, ȥҰѰҾβɺټһȻ
ٲڴ⿴һ̾˿, ֻп֮ϵһ
׳ɽ¼ߣڵӡ
ʦֵ׷ʲô£
֪Ҷʦӡһӵ
ˣǻȥɡ׳
̧ͷѵ˼, ̵ˡ
׳첽˼, ˰죬¿ڵһδʯ
Сز붴, ֹ쳣
ɽרŵ޸ǿ, һ㶼ĶֵĻ, Ҫ˼䶯ܷ
˼Ѱ˲, ֻ൱ԵĻز𡣰׳ӽļʸ, ߵӴĻںˡ
պ󣬲˹̴ɽ»ϣɽµĻӦʱơ
ľСūǰҺռɽ
ƺĲ˹ɽϹȥ
Ҷʦ𣬲˹̹ɽˡһӻҲڡ
Ҷ侲ڵǰȥ˼²鿴ܷڡڵɽš
ǡ
ڵĵӸϵ˼£վһԵİ׳壬׷ʯȥ
ǽʯڲܷӲг룬޸
ǺΪһڵĵӷȻ
ʦ⼸ն˼£ȥûмʲôʿ
ӳ⣬ȴְ׳Ѳʦأ
׳ȥ˼һƬ⽣Ӱ
ɽɲֵ˷ɽʣŵӲв˹̵ľ񣬱ýڽڰˡ
ԪĽɨɽţ˹ǰŵĽͽˣˤȥصĳ
ʦ𡣡ڵӾϲ
ҶִľСūǰԭѵԭ𣿡
ľСūЦӭֻ͸λдһ
СѾͷͲ󣬿Сڳ½ҲӺ󷽸
ܴʲôɵ˷а׳塣ľСūβֿЦѵͲ𣿡
ǣŮɽɵĵ䣬ҰĵСϧо죬ԼҵĹҲϲ̨ĶڳӰ͵
ֺαغǶԣľСū΢΢⣬ӻͳһǵѣôλϾͽˡ
ס䡣½ӼƬ̺ʹȴӸд
ľСūеĵɽɵĵӷ׷ǵء
ֻмûܵӰ졣
ʲôס˶䣬ΪζǻӰ졣½˵쳣
ӦĹƶס䣬ǶĹƳ滹ӦĵҶǵ
ʲôʱµĶڳӰɻ
Ҷǿʹ⣬ʰϵĻԪľСūȥľСūָ΢任˵˹̵һͽԽҶǹС
Ҷйƶغж֣һƴؿڡһǰ
ҶǻͷһϤף塣
׳ɫЩ԰ףҶҶǵ۾ͷľСūȥ
ˡľСūŰ׳
½ӿ׳壬ֿľСūȷӦʹļ׵ͽƽô㣬ôЩаһ𡣡
ҲǳڵҸĸȵΰˡ׳
λ𣿡ľСūŰ׳Թ޵ı飬ָǵȻʱú档
󻤷ʣҩںڵĵûơһͽľСūǰ
֪ˡľСūת԰׳ߣһȥҩڡ
׳ľСūҩſڣľСū֣˹̽ͽƿҩš
ҩڵӵ书貢˹̵ĽͽܿͽȫƷѺڡ
ڵĵҲץ񡣡ǰͽľСū߸֪󻤷Ҫδã
ľСūֽȥҩڵӵǰǲú£ǲ˹Ҳȱĸֻ֣ҪԸ˳ǣǲΪǵġ
ҩڵڵһ˻Ӧ
ľСūǰ߹ͣǰλãԸ𣿡
ޡ忴ľСūİ׳壺ʦ־ҡ
ľСūЦˣǵİʦֳǣȻô׵ҩи¶ء
ѡ岻ŵؿŰ׳塣
ľСū԰׳ҲˣǲԸ˳ǣûüֵֻΪ
Ӧң㲻Ҫ׳弱е
˵ֻҪǹ˳ңҾͲΪǡľСūĻһתٶҲҪһûüֵˡ
㡭׳忴Ӳŷӵµˡ
ľСūһѳӵ׳ǰɱҾΪ˹̵ĳϡȻ
ľһȥǰɡ
׳˽սԥżϵĳɬʦã͹˳˹̰ɡ
ҾҲͬۡڲңʱͲôȥҩ
壬㲻Ҫ𡣡¿塣
ʦ֡ϻҺ㣬ʦá
㶯ְɡ忴Ű׳㻹һ˿֪ͷʦֺʦá
׳ýЩΡΡָ壬૵²ȥ֡
׳תͷľСūңҺЩѪʲô𡣡
˼ҪԼˣľСūζؿ
׳徫㱣岻
ľСū͵͵԰׳Եʹ˸ɫͽᣬ׼ʱ˰׳һѡ
ĸѪӿ˳Žעȥ
ûɢһ˿˼顣
ʦãʦã´һرס壬
ҩڵӷ׷˹ѹȥ
׳Ǿ벻ȥǱҵģûϵҲǹģҲɱ
ҪѵУ·ȻýָҪѵҪԼ𣿡
彥䣬ﲼɫѪ˿
˹ιʮɢ֮ǰĹƶûʲôսеĽβȵ׳幥ȥҶǺ½ӳ϶չˡ
ֶʲô׳µĻ
βȣȴĵطȥ
׳ֵòͷΪĻ⣬ʱĲϻۺһƴ¡
һǡи¸еĹƳܵ޴ĳĴҴܣֻ߷ݰӰˤ䡣
׳ٶԼýֿ˼¡
ûˤ䵽ϣһûϢ
׳׵մȾ˴˿ڴ罦ѪЩʧǵ˦еĽ
ɱһ֮ǲǾɶˡľСūʴƮ죺㿴ҽ̣Ҳɱˡ
׳ͷҩڵĵӣ·𿴼˫۾
ǵдŷŭˣͱӣҪѲ˹ͽĿɱ

ʲôءľСūŰ׳͵ģϵѪ£ǲϹ˳ǣӦеĴۣ½ӳϲȥ𣿡
׳ûлӦľż˰ʧ˷򣬵ײײȥ
պɽɽͷյһš
ôˣʡ
ǷʦּĸҵšֽϵɫԽԽѿɽˣ˹ռɽɡ½ӱɱʦҶǣӰȳϱܡд˼ֲҩڵӡ
޾ıʹȫ𡣡
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


55
ƾôĻ׹ѡ
ջ, ıʹΪһָΪķŭĬؽֽһδ
ɽɡ
ϵĶ
ûµģ硣ٲҩ, ·ҲΡ
ɽɵ±ȽҪҲϣΪҶسǰ, ҳΪĸ
۷ʲô, Ҷһ𡣡ǣ֡
΢ķ紵ɽĿҶһ˰, һƬһߵɪܸõů
ûôһ̣оԼİŵ޴
ֱɽϵĿҶƮ, ½Ƕ
οƵıġ
ٲ˽滻ҩϸϸ˵һ飬Դļ磺·ϱء
Ҳǡر
һԾصǸ, գ˾䣺߰ɡ
šӦ
ɽڰ·͹˷ˡ
˷쳣, ·룬һȾȴۿɼȥ
½ӽ̵꣬κһѶãο
ʦܡ˷ɬؿڻһ, ǰرס
ʦ֡رס˷, ᶨ־ڹ˷Ķ𣺡Ҫɽȳ, Ϊ½ӺʦǱ𡣡
Ϊҩʦñ𣡡ں͵ڵĵӷ׷Ӧ, , 
˷, ǻҪȥȳҶǡӰ, ںͲֽڡڵĵҲϡ
ǿԶɽ˶սеĽе£һԡ
񱼵ɽ£ʮգһȴ·𶼱ˡ
ɽµĻ޸һװĲ˹̽ͽɽɵڴ
ǿ˲ңҵʲôԭɽɵɥ֮Ȯ
ԭֲˡһ˹ͽӻɽô˵Ҳɣȴø³ꡣ
ǶɸŵĵӶ֣Ҳǰ͡˷ɱ
λؾɽɵĵڴӹ˷ˡǰλ˹ͽ֪λ˵еĽһû⽣һҲɽ˵𽣷
ƾҲʦֳ֡˶һȺ˶ѡ
Ⱥ˶򲻹ɽɲǱǲڽµǵĳϺʦֵǶǵĽ֮ǴѼˡ
ӻóȣص˾䣺ְɡ
šɫؽƵϣγԴ
ԽҲѽ
еڽڵһӵϣͲ˹ͽһƬ
дֹķŭ޺ͱʹƸҡ
˷һɽ˵Ƥ⣬ĲϣҶǳϺʦֵǹںδ
ΪҪǡɽ˵ĺ﷢ŹֵЦҸ㣬ܲɱ½ͷҲвع
˷Ĳϻһ
Цδ꣬ûϢ
Ǹ˷嶯侲
˵ġ
ɽԻڵǡڵ
š˷ջеĵ߰ɡ
ʮ·ּȻһͷ˳ǰ
˷ϳάࣿ
ǰ֣ǰν֡
ʦסְά󺰣ٷɿؽ͵ǰѾ֪ˡҲûͶС
˹ǹɽɽҲǵˣһﶫѾˡάཫϵĺĨʦ֡ޣ׳Ͳ˹̹ʦֵ˹ƶٻɽµĻءҩڵӵ½ӵѲ˸ϵ
˷ˡ
Ҳšǰһ£ȷʵЩҡˡ˶ڵˣһûü͹ʦ˵
˶û˵꣬ͼһ߳ʦ˵ĿǶԵģҵʱƴӳʱпʦֺͲ˹һӰֻһۣ̫ȷû˵
ֽ߬ˡ
˷ϵɫҲ̫ÿ
ҶǣӰȳϲŻᱻܡԽԭǱ˹ƶ
ǰͲ˹̴֪ƽƶڵҪ˺һȥҩȡҩ
ܾˣû㣬ǲһܶԸ˲˹̡
չӣҺһȥ˶
ҡԽӻ˾͹ˣв˹ţǾȥ
úصɽȥ
ĩβԥվǿʵһ𣿡
ҲһˡĬƬ̣ô𣿡
ҲɡҲʶԼ˵ˣȴûгصĴ㣺ܾûڡ
һ䣺һˡ
Թ˴Ӱǣֱ仰ĺ塣
һԶǵڵĻǧ˼ȴֻص仰ҾͲһˡ
ЩĶʱȴֻʣƽᣬһһɴůĳ΢΢Ź⡣
ֺʮָۣҲһˡ
ֽյøЩֱָĦİı
˽ɽţǰļƻͷж
˾ֱȥҩڣ͹˷˳ɽ˼½ظȥ
ɽɵĺɽվ˼ڽ˼Աʱ֮衣Ҷǵ˹ļ
ɽľΪϡ٣ɽֻʣʯͿ磬ããһƬԵ쳣
ǻûϵңȴ·ײ˰׳塣
׳һ˹ͽʱϸֳһ˿Զ׼Ĳ
壬㾹Ȼġ˷дźʧ
Ǽ˲˹̡׳ڵʦҲԸ룬Ȼӭ
˵ȴ治֮Ҳ˷
ʲô׳˷Ļش
Ҷǳںδ
ԭǡ׳ֱָĵʻƺʡˣвһʹҾ͸Ҫˡ
˷սеĵ壬㡭
ʦߣｻҡ
˷ԥˡ
ȳҪ
˷ĬƬ̣¶˾ģʦԼСġ
׳Ĳ˹ͽ˷뿪˵صĴ㣬Ӻ󷽷Խǰסǵȥ
˷ڵӰγѪսٽʮˣ˼±ȥ
׳峤õؿû뵽Ҳߵĵز
Դƽһһ
ҲǴġ׳ɽɵĳϷ׷ʹ˫ױٷΧ˫Ȼ͵ԡ޼ʽдȣҲ½Ӷĵӡֳȴҵ˫׼ȡ
㲻𣿡ƺ½ӣһ˿˻˫Ҳ½֣֮Ѿ御ˡ
׳岻ϸ룬ҲԸټ⣺Ĳߵһľͽ˵ϡ
ںЩ𣿡ؿŰ׳塣
ԭֳǲ˹̵ġ׳ȰҲ㣬˹̵򣬲սִԭǻṥռɣʱﻹ֮أ
ֻһ仰Ҫ㡣ٺͰ׳ȥ½ӳϵҩʦǵûйϵ
ҩڵĵӡǱƵġ׳ѵôһ˿⣬ܿɢˣ½ӣ͸
Ŵ˻в̣Ծر˱ۡʱһ⣬һ˵İ
׳ѾȰʱͬգҵĲ˹Ѵɡ㲻һùҡ
ƾôĻ׹ѡ
һ˫۾ΡýԼһһذ׵˿סԼ˫ۡ
ְ˽һ˲䣬ϵʯŰԴĳʻ۳һɼΪǿķ磬Ǽطɳʯ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


56
ԺҲҲɡˡ
׳屻ǿѹô, Ȼ书ƺĻҪɲ⡣
ЩԼеʱδԼǰʹǵ꽣Ŀ𣬿ʮ󣬶ܳҡ
׳, 뵽ʱһ˫, ҪΪǿ
, ʯײ, еĶﶼ쳣
׳Ʒ绹ûεеز˹ȥ
Դڿ¼׵ĽӰ, ˿˰׳뼡, һ˿ڡ
׳岻ĵվٶȥ
ͬź½֮ɱ, 졣
׳ûĽ˷ӿ˱޿ɱܣֱӴȫеľ
׳ֽűˣһʱ޷жһ书, ʹŲӿѪ˿ڡ
׳֪ȥ, ۿĽҪ࣬ڻ, 㲻Ҫɱҡ
ĽѴؿ, ȴһӲĶǶܵӦ顣
½, һѳϵ˿
׳óĶ, һ˵׹
ڱǰҵĶ, һֱߡ׳彫׹У㻹ǵ𣿡
ؿ
׳һѱסȣĵҲǲ˹̵󻤷ңҲŶҩڵ˳֡ҲҲɱǣҲ
׹ڴ˴͵ɡͿǶʦֵܵķϣɡ
ˮţʱҲ֪ų˲µˡ˲㻵ˣֻҪ΢һѣΪ־κʮ֮¡
׳ǸˣжѣջɱĴ㡣̼佫׹ɷ飺ɡ
ĩУıӰʧ·ľͷҲûһۡ
׳ȳƬѪߵؼ䣬ľЩ㱣һз·صɽɵʱ
ڽڵԺһμǸ괩һ£ջؽԶԶؿģҪҪԱԣһΣ
Լ𻰣ЦˣһĻʮҲԡ
ͬĻһж·ûиı䣬ȴֺ񶼱ˡ
ǵǸ°꣬ԼѾʦˡ
ҩֻȼˣϲŴƬѪҺɺԵĺۼ˶Ŀͣһ˲תԽҩ
һǺǵζ˶ڱǲԼȳ
ʾ˸ԼߵһҩǰһѰҲݣȺʮɢ黨
ֻһƳеǵֻҪǵŽƬ̺ܰѹƳӸй
ƵĹߣСĵ㣬ҪˡƵĹߴľȡ»һأ¶ҩ촰°׵÷⣬һ㡣
Խһ£ܿعӹĹߣɡ
õĵҩһʱڴ󹦸ɡպõҩҪ뿪˵ʱǰŴһ᲻ص
ҩ󣬼˹ͽ˽
ôйֵζΪ׵˹ͽסӣ漴Ӧ˹ãҩ
ζǵһͽ
û뵽ɽли֣øϽľȥ
Ϊ׵˹ͽס£ǵܽƶһǴȥɽɵҶǡӰˣȥǿ˼½ص
͸Ļڻ䣬˲Ϣ֮㶴˼˹ͽĺ
δһ㵹ûϢ
ʬϵҪٱ֣ǸϽȥ˼¡
š˶Ӧ
ӳҩڣ˼½ظȥſڵѱ˵ڵϡ
ʦӦѾȳҶǳˡ˶
ŵҵѪмɫѪ϶ȥˣߣӦ˵òᡣ
˳Ѫķȥ˳ҵ˹˷ҲѺǻϡ
ҶǡӰȳϻһڱҵĵϱ鲼˿ڣϵѪ
͹˷һ԰ǰ
˽ǵַйƵĵӺͳϣ֪÷
˶ص˻ߣĿ֮Ϊ״һڵĵӱȥ˫ȣǾȻ´˶֡
ߵߣСʵû˰ɣ
ûСͬСػظ
̱֮ƹǣΪ֪䡣Ҷǻس˶һǸǣʧȥüֵֻø졣
룬ҪʹʱҲϣ˳𰸡
Ӱ˿ڣȻʲôĴѰɫЩţʦģ
ʦǰʱɽˣӰǹ˺ü¶û
Ϊʲô֪ͨң
ѾȥѰˡӰǵ飬Ȱο֪ģʦ԰棬û׼ĳء
üͷûɿǾЩ£Ʋסһ롣
ĺҪֻԼһͰˮ˱ȴ컵ķΧѹ
ָо쳣ʹ࣬᲻ȥοһߡ
ѾްˡҶǶԹ˷ղ˹ԹƳǣǱȻǵĶ֡һȥɽ
˷ڵҶϣϵ˻ûá
ҾѾõĲˡҶҪ֪ռɽɵĴۡǸͽ
׳ѱҷȥȫϣӴ˳˸ˡ
ҶǵıЩȣɽеϢЩ𾪡
˷ȴȣǺڡͰ׳꣬һ£ٶʹࡣ
֪ˣԲ
˿ֵ̱ԽԽ˺¡
˹̽ҲأȻóȻ֣ǻϢһ˿ڸԭˣȥɽɡ˷Ҷǵ
֪ˡҶ̾ϢȥһСӣ벻
š˷ߵǰ뿪ڱʦ֣ȥһΧûΣգܿ
ʦܡ˷뿪ˣʹԼ챿
ɽľϡ٣һƬҲʯͳͨӵѪһ·ȥ
ɽĻƻȱľڵܻԵöĿǰĻɽعգȹĻƻ衣
ȥˣɽֲôһӡ
ЦУ·һжûı䡣
ÿУҩڵĵŵĩβòڵĵȡ׳ÿؾص꽣ĩ֮ʸȥҩڰæ½Ӻ͹վ£Źϵ鳰Цһվһ硣
أȻʹ֪طһжԼԶȥˡ
֪ѵҵſڣһƬѪȥתȥ
ȾߣЩۡعͷŷһֱԶظ
һɡбϦȾһů⡣΢罫䴵ӯԶԶؿʼûǰһ
ߵǰΪʲô
´㡣Ҿһ˾
ûʲôþġʶص
ҵˡ
֪˵ûԼĽŲӦúŶԣԼ¡
ϲ˽ҴԼ£Լϲˡ
վҵֻԼɡ𣿡ߵɨù֡
̫ѹȸУʶرˣɬ벻
ƽһη滰Ҳ˵˼ѣԳصЦ벻ɡɡ
ͺܽȴվٽһ
ؿƽͣȴһ˵ѹ
һ˲䣬һе·ԼԶȥˡֻʣһѹ쳣
Բ𡣡ֱסԺ󲻻۸ˡ
һ£ŷӦΪ˸ղŵĻǸ
ΪԼѹˡ
ҵͬţʦ֣ʦ𶼲ˡЩͺһһҲʧȥˡҰҵһж㣬ܲԶң
оԼļеʪ⡣
ԺҲҲɡˡ

Ŀһ£֪ԼôˣԼĿԽԽ
ȴģ˱̶ܶˮҪԼûһ㡣
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


57
ôһ죬ӦҲ᲻ö㶯ְɡ
̫ҲҪɡŻɡҵҪ֪, ǵôӻǸϳҲɡ
ûϵ΢΢ЦڴɡֻǣҶѡ
˶, յӦòҰɡ
ᡣЦǰһװúܺá
Ѿöûмˡе, Ҿͻȥǡ
, ޾᣺һ𡣡
ϣ˿, һִֻ࣬һ˯ȴʧˣԭůĻ˿ȴ·˴Ķҩ
Զ㡣˯Ĳ, ҹɫ§硣
Ļһ̾ϢܿƮɢ˿С
ڶһ, ҶǱˣ˳˷
˷ȴصĵ, 󲿷ֵӵ˶ѻָòˡ
Ҷϣ׼ˡ˷Ҷǵ
ţ¼չЩ˵ĵӡҶȥɽ
Щ˵ĵӴ¼غʵ֦˴£ɫ, ȴҲ˴˱ʤ
ɽɵɱȥ, һ·ϴأ˴Ĳ˹ͽ
ʱ, ľСūȴѲ, ֻʣ¼Сڴڡ
ǵ󻤷ȥˣӰνָΪ׵Ľͽ
󻤷ˡ
Ǹ͡ӰһŽߵ, ͷѾ׷˳ȥ
ľСūɽǣ, Ͳ˹̵ϡ
ȻеɫӰԽ, ĸǰ
㺦ɽôˣߡ
ǲ˹̵ܿͻҡľСūɫ÷ҡ
δţὣȥ
ľСūҲУԽҹص˼µʱһ˹̵ˣҲ벻𣿡
䵱𣿡è׽˺ӣżɱ
Ȼˣһҵģҿǲ˹̵󻤷
мصЦһ˹ͽɥɽɵ󻤷
ľСūɫúѿۼѾߵԼĸǰ
ﻹкܶನ˹̵Ĺѧ𣿡ľСūֺõЦЦӻóؼ
׳Ǳô
Ҹһȸĺá
Ǹұ۶ܴùĹɫһ˲ıˣٶ౾кá
ľСūۼԣæҰ˺
ˡһոġ
ܽ˵ôƽľСūзңֲ߬Ծط
㻹ʲô˵ڵ
ľСūԵ˼
ҡиãҶꡭľСū˵ţһֻһ׼ʱ׼˳ȥ
ķӦٶȸ죬һ׹ľСūĲһĽۡ
䵽ϣĽ
ľСūֱֱصȥлؼ
ͷ߰ɡ
磬㻹Ϊ׳ѹ𣿡Ŀ˸ղŵȫ̡
е㡣ʵʵ˵ҲܣҲڡȻڣҲûҪѹ˵𣿡
Ȼô˵һϣһҷ˴ԭҡ
Ϊʲôô˵ʵ㷸ʲôˣ
ûáԼʵԺ˭˵׼ء
Ŵ˻ɵЦûá
׼롣
ִһ˿磺˵
ƺڵĻش
ôһ죬ӦҲ᲻ö㶯ְɡ룬˵Ҿԭˡ
ϲɫȴһһ̻
Ǻ˵Ļѻޱȿġ
ɵ㲻淸ʲô˰ɣ
ôƾҡܺõؿüصһ˵뿴ء
ҳϰ̹Ȼ㲻Ҫϡ
˭˵ҲˡͷҲϻ
ͷ
׷ȥ
ץ˺þõֱɥȨ˼ӹħצ
ͦõģ´οԶһҡЦһ㣺Ѿһνʲôˡ
Ҫһʱһ㣬㲻׷ҡԼ
ΪʲôҪ˿顣ӳҶؿ۾ȻóһԼܿĵĽۣΪ̫ϲˡ
վԭأɽȥǱ˵͸˰㣬˷ķ綼ӿ˽
ҶǺڳɽɽԱ䶯ˣʵ˹̵󻤷𣿡
š
˷ҲǡڵĵѾؽɽµĻˡ
ҶϣҺʦæհɡ˶ҩڵװҲһ顣
׳˶˼սҩʱҲ˵ϴƬɺԵѪ
ҶûԭȻӦˡ
պҩڷˣɽɽµĻҲ˴룬һƺ
ȴʼûѰҺʱһ£ƺڵʲôϢ
ֱһӰ̤Ŷ룺ʦϢˡ
һԺȲ裬Ų豭ֲԾؽ˽
ʦӰʱڽϺ档Ӱ˿úõģ˵롣
ȻԼĵЩ࣬Ӱס¹ʧĵصȷʵҲϹèӡ
ȻҲò̫ףϵüͷûɿ
ҹϾҪҵˡӰǿиι˿Ŷ裬ĵȥɡһºûйʦܵϢһд֪ͨ㡣
ȥҲǰ취Ӧˡ
ٽʱ˷ڵһɣɽµĻػؽ˹ܻ̿ɽµĻˣǡ
š˼Ƭ̣Ӷ°ɣһǸĲʵ¸ŸɶжҲᡣ
˷˵̫Σգһ뵽Լ뿪ɽų£ĶЩ𣬱ò⣬ֻõһᾡ㡣
áӦ
εʯָͬһƬɽһޱȵɽɽѩ겻
ЩµӰΪλϣԼȥѰˡ
꺣ʱΪѰе챦һսصһѩɽݺ˻䣬ʱѩ׷ɣʬǣһƬҰ֮ĺʱ
˿̵ʯָĵط˶Ϊпܽ뺣ʱĵط
ŸжӰŻ˴Լ
Խ̤֣һԵ֦ǰϲ۵Ļе飬֦˲ͱжˡ
ǲ޼СԽѾˡ
Ҳܻû뿪
ԶĴȻһҽУ˸æȥ鿴
ľһ˵ӣɽɵĵӡϱ˺ۣ˺۵ıԵƵĺۼϵѪ
ָһϵķʹڵʦá
ԽȥɡҰһ˿ڡ
š˶һСģǿ»
Ṧʤһ׷Ϯˡ
Ůӣ棬еԶ׼ĻƣǷĽ̵ˡ
Ҽǵ㡣Ů˦еɽɵӣǶɽɵ֣һţ˰׳塣
ĹȴǺźɡŮӵҪҽ̵֮ǧۣϡ
û뵽㾹ȻšЩĲ˼顣
ֻ˵̵֮á
󵨡Ůӵҽ̿ǽеĵڶа̣ĸĵط
˼ǵһа̵ˡ
صɽɵӱõĺʶոѹԻЩֻ˹ȥ
ų̶뻢Ѩˡ
ٷϻŮӶʧܣֱ߲Ӻ
Ͼ͵ʹ󷨣ֻûȺС
ɽɵӵĺƽȣ˴𣬿׼ʱ͵͵ߡ
Ůӽ·磬һòľϣƳɽɵĵ͵͵ߣ׼ӳһö
״˦ȴ䰵ȴԭĿıԼ
һڣɫ԰׵Ǹǧ۰ɡ
¡Ůӵˣȥ°ɡ
˦ʮöȥٽʱȴȻһ
ǽưʮףĽ̵ŮæܣĲľֱ
ߵɨ˿ڣɽɵӵǱԶ㣬ҿƲסȡ


58
ҽԼȫ㣬ܲҲԼء
ɽɵĵӵͷ, СŲ
ԴĽ쫷ϯƬ֣ǰĲľ׷׵䡣Ľ̵Ůӱˣˤڵϡ
, жٱ
ץɽɵĵʲôûʳʲô, ӵΧȻը, ŨѸɢƬ
һӰ˷Ľ̵Ůӡ
ĵһ, תȥû£˿
ɽɵĵ˹ҽгȻ, лһ
С¡һԲ鿴˿ڡ
ļ, ۵Ļץҵ֡
ʹ˵㲻ʲôץ֡
ڰ˳ֵȴûм
ϸز鿴˿ڣжˡ
㶾ʲô, ɽľȻֲõԤС
ʶ̫ƽ˶ϸ룬֮Ի߽ᷢΪǧۡ
ԷĽиҩԼǿɢ
ɢ˲屶ܼ尾̬Ҳ, Ա˵ָʾƴӡ
ǧпҲֶ
ԲŻ
Ժ峿˵Ļ, Ȼ֪ڵô˵ǲǰ
¶, ϵĶְڽµĸоɱʹࡣ
硭Ĳһ˴
Ϊʲô
Ҵ˿еĶҵʱеĶ, ܻ˵Щ˵Ļίؽ, ΪѵؿڵΪҲ֡
ؿ, ʵû㰲ȫ𣿡
ҽԼȫ, ܲҲԼء
߶ᡣĺߵƬ΢΢Щ⣬ȵĴС
ʶģ˶ҲѸ۳ȻԳ˶ȥطһˣ㱣һλɽɵĵӡ
ǡһɽ
¶յ˿߸ȡ
硭ʶЩ㱣вԾط߽
͵͵شϢһָץ£ͷĻ
ڡֲȥͷϵע
ͬʱļ磬һСعȥ˿ϵĶۣͼõøЩ
Ȼų˶ǸСֵܣʲôѽ
˶
λҵĴʦ𣿡
ɽɵĶʦ֡˶һʦ֡
ûôǿġ
ҼʦֵȻˡ˶ֺǺǵصǵ꽣϶õһұȥ׽ʵ϶ʦֵܶɺˡ
Ȼ૵Ҳ
˶Ϊ⣺ǰɡ
Ǹղλ𣿡Ȼʡ
ǰչӵҲܺá
ҸղŻչǻˡȻǸȻǲɡ
ûϵģ˶ܴȡ˶ЦһŮӽƽϵġ
ʦַҲˣչǻϰɡ˶ýȥϵĿҶϯضڲľϡ
šȻĲɵӦ
ʱ󣬻ԽɽɵʦָϵˣҲԶɽ˻
Ȼû°ɣɽɵʦֲǵߵȻǰסļ
ʦ֣û¡ȻϵЦЩΣȥƴԼϵ֣㲻صġ
лλɽɵֵܾҼʦá˱ȭ
ؿ˶˵
λֿΪ˾Ȼܵˣƿ
⣬С˶ѡ
ô㲼˻СˣֵǸ˰һݵؿ˵ߴļһȥˡ
εЦЦϵĶѾòˣҲûֹ
ȻߵԣԭչѣǸҸղŻΪǻˡ
ûϵЦſķ򣺡ñͦ˵ġ
˵ĺ𣿡ȻЦŸЦһˡ
ġһ뵽ԾЦĿⶼЩ
ʵҺȻѾ˶£Ҫ£治֪ôźáƶ
ţ㿴ȥϲԼˣһʱҲȥ
Ʋ˼ЦЦ
ֻǲ֪ǷҲһ
ұȻҲ룬۹ҵ˼̫ãֻȻҲϲҵġ
ܾý̫衣Ȼһ˫ӯӯؿҿԽ𣿡
ֺܺƵģ˵ҪʦҲС
ϥȻζһ٣ɫЩˣɽɵĵӣʦֿ²̫ʡ
ҪȻϲΪֱĬ˵һƺ
ɡĿƽؿųȻ廰ֱ֮ͬҲܺʣҲô衣
Ȼһ䵭Щò׼Ĳ黹ʲô


59
թҲ䡣
е㲻ϰߡȻɫ˥ǵһǽɡ
㡣ü, 뿪˴˵ء
硣ȻСһ
ߵԱ
ɽкͷĽ̵˽𣿡Ƶ
ûСǽնûôǽӴ̾Ҳ֪ôǵġ
ɽڽǹģȶеȣΪͨͲ, ˵ϵĿԲ
˵ءЩò׼Ƿ˵ʵ顣
ʵ, ˵ΪѰᡣֱԵϧ˺ȻϮ, ʹ󲿶ɢˡ
Ӧȸ󲿶ɢˣŻϮɡ
ϵıЩΣȻԲǴĸ, ȥֻӡ
ȸһɣҵɽɵĵ˵Ľ̵ӦûĴ֡ڵ
ǾͶлˡƱȭж, Ȼ书ֲߣҪ治֪ôźá
Ƽû뿪Ĵ, Ϊ£Լڳ˿ڣ˾, ǵȻȥ
ȻʱʱؿǱߣκһôţֻܿơ
Ƭ̺˹ŲʲԸջߡ
Ȼ㻹ûԶɡƿųȻ, óһαݸǸ, ʦڲȥԡ
㲻㣬е˷㡣Ȼȥɡ
Ǳ˵, ӦûաȰڴôΣ, һٱĽ̵ץסˡ
ɲôȻ˦һ, ŵ̬, Ҳ̫ȥĶԻ, ޷޵ؽӹα
ؿļϣ§ס
§ס˲䡣
ڸʲôѽЦŶƤ
ÿ
ûƿҳ˵ǿȥƽʱĻҪҲǴ˵ϡٵԵʡ
Ȼûƿڹͽǲ˾䣺ıǰٳ߸ͷһ
ǰôûôʵ
Ϊǰûõġ˵滰ʱľҲãҲգûõġ
һӶĸûãô˾͸ΪǸӶĴ
ֻڻǰõġ
ûһôáĻдŲ׾˸Уһ̾Ϣûҹ
ؿһ£Ϣס֣Ժá
ԺǶáʱһʱһبǵǰ֪ʱ֣֪ʱúֱֻ֪ԼԽԽ
һ뵽ԺҪԶ뿪ʹþЩ޷
ڳȻԣһһҧα
ôߡȻ
Ȼõᣬɽʦ־ȥɽõľƹݴһٺ𣿡ư
ɽԼҲңȻԹﻹιӣղŻûˡ
һ̣ԡֲǵ
ʦ֣СˡȻСȻҲӦ¡ʵҲ֪ȻǵĸĸǹʽļҾʲǼҡ
һŬҵɽɵš
ǵõȵʲôʱ򡣡ȻƵĻҲˡ
ĬķΧ֮
˿̻§ζȴ˵ڡ
磬Һϲ㰡仰ﷴӿ֣ԼӦñֵ룬ôؿеƲסˡ
׽һ£Զߡ
ʲôЦƫͷ˵ҹɫһ¡
ؿشȥס촽һֻش
üԾ§ղӵһ
ϴľƷ۵ζҹ΢΢ɢЩеζڿУµ¶ˮȻ
˵ĺ¶һ㣬ȼܱߵĿÿһ缡ϣĶ̵ûȡ
Ǳһãѷֵط롣
벻һ˴˵˻ȥ
һ񶼴¶ȣıĥ촽
ཻ䣬εϴࡣ
е֡ż˵
𣿡ǰøǰڷӦˣ綼Ƥˡ
ûаɡεؿ˵
սָָԼ촽ҿûʲôѡ
ûһǣȻһ͵Ϯûʲô
Ӯˡζؿ֪ǲĴܾ˿̵һ˲˸УԺҪԴġ
ĲûлɣֻǱŨİǹȥˡ
Ҳˣ˿̵Ļ⡣
ĸ֫ѣЦ֧穵ץסҵ˫֡
һ˫۾쳣Ϣ΢ЩȵԭҲôϲˣ
թҲ䡣
Ǹ黹ʲô
֣һգôˣ˯ɡ
յů˵ϣ˶˫ִۣҶѾ׼ˡ
ȻΪݵԵʣ˯΢Զ˵㡣
ҹ˵Ǿ仰˶û˵
˹ϰΪذʰ
ǽҶףŸôҡȻ롣
һ·أò׷ɽѩɽͣ
ѩɽޣ˿ջרΪЩ˵⡣
ѩɽ轵ѩ׷ɣ˱ɽ
ȻŽͷڣƿ˳ȥ
ջϰǸݿӣͷϴһ鷽ÿӶ¯ӹȡů
̿ЩˡջϰƼ̿˵ûء
૵һȻס
ģһᾡġջϰ
ƻЩģһǸȻһ£䷿
Ȼƿţֻһˣøǩĵо
Ȼ¶ģȥ磬м˵
ü
Ȼ滨ұҵĵƻ飬Ҫʦ֡ϣԾҳ𺣡
Ҳ֣ĵú̸̸ػͬġ
ǲġȻǰסüƿҲϲᡣ
㡭Ȼһ£û뵽ܾû뵽˵ֱס
ʦ£Ҫв֮£ҲԹ𣿡
ȷʵǿ㣬ҲӲܣϣܺұ־롣һ޶Եؿ
㲻ᶮġΪҺ£ҾһҪ޸Ȼ۽ǵˮҾǲϲָô졣
ʱȢţҾýȢӡҲܲˡ
ңѵͶ𣿡ƴ˽Ϊո˵ֻҪ֪ѾҲȻơ
Щǿʲô𣿡ƿЦұʵڲܽңҾͰ㵱ÿ˵ұƻ顣µͬ𣿡
Ȼɫ׵ؿ
һʼֱϲңֺα鵽ա
ʦ˵öԣŮ鳤ǻרɽĬĬšҺȴһֱ¡
ϵıżʹ࣬ûٿȻһۣת߳˷š


60
ǾûʲôŮЦһս
ôһ, ȻΪپԼ˿ȴҲЩ
Ҫʵ˵˳, ȻôƤһʱҲȥ
ص, Х͸ߵķ϶˽, 쳣䡣
⼸æǰæֻϰ壬ϰơ
Ȼܲ, ߳ſ˹ϵϰ壬ǰʵ¯ôûϣ
̿𲻹ˣһеġϰһǸȻղλ˵Ҫ㻻, ûҵ𣿡
Ȼ￩£Щڡ
֪Ȼ귿ˡȻ, Ҳν˵㣬һ̾͹ȥˡ
ԽеĶȫ˳, ִİ
˶ȥѼСĽԼֻѰһĴС
Ҫ𣿡
ţѩɽϼΪ䣬ѽɼ֮ΪӲĸʯ, СԽܿһи, ¶ԽͣӼӲ, Ҳ
õı, ֻϧ̫ˡ˶̾һ׻һ糤, һǿһ, һա
𣿡Խ֪ʲôλٿ
Ѷ̽˲Ϊ, кɭɭޱȡ
Ȼǻؽ˶
˹ΪҶƵġԽĽ̵ĳֲܺ޸ݣɽһ쳣ա
˶ɫҲȻˣǻϢ㡣
ǿ
ߵߣ˼£ÿ𣿡
ÿҾֻˡ
ҸоṦ졣
粻ұܰɡ̫ˡ
ЦҪɽˣô𣿡
ˣȥɡǣ֣һߡ
ѩӵһҹ
յĴѩ죬˯գССѵõů
յķѩСЩ˴޳׼ɽ
нһʱܣʱ󣬷ѩɽϵĿԽϡ
Ȼ۵˵ֻҸطһ£滷ȫѩأֻܿվš
ԶԶȥԶѩһǳһȫǴѪĽӡ
ɽϳˡԽü
ӡӦɽµġƵ
ûٳԤΪ֮Ķս׼
ʱɽѩζһŨصѪζڿС
ʮѩɽϻսɵƷɽɵĵɽɺͲԽɵĽ
ǷսɱۡѪѩѩϡ
Խɵ˼Խŭʦ֣ôվһ𣿡
һӷȻɵûһǺöǶġ
Խɺɽɶ꽻ãǾôˣԽü
ۡ˵ǣʹ˱ü׿ơĽ̵Ӧþڸ
䣬ѩǵľʯ˷ԾǸǰ
ּˡǰڴǽֵķĽŮӡ
Ȼ£־һ
ɱΪʲôԽ
ΪŴģֻΪһѻѡĽ̵ŮӵңǲûǸŰɣ
ΪѰʱе챦ʯһѩɽһսս󣬴ѩ׷ɣʬǣʱ֡
ѩɽʯɶˡ
ǾûʲôŮЦһս
˽Ծɭɭ͸ǡ
˵Ǽ֮һǲ˹̵ˡ
ǺȺ߳һŮӣԭ˵Ĵ磬㾹Ȼһ۾ϳҵݡ
ǰ˹ԭɢᱻںʱϢ𽭺еĸǰʱ򡣡ԭԤı
û뵽÷Ľ̾ȻҪ̶Ƕ֡˶м
Яֹһ֣ⲻϲּ𣿡ĽŮӵ
˵ǡ˹ŮӵԭҲʱñˡ
˫֣òŵĹڴһһԷսĸɵӷ׷׳ӿ
ǿϧƾٸߵ书ôֵΧŹ͵£Ҳֻڴˡ
ɢӳȥ֪˵زս
ȻͷЩ£ưһߡ
ǰҶΧˣ޷ʩչṦӳȥ
ӻͳһѻȣԾУȹ˷˦
еأм˰ν
ȸ񵲣ΪգȴҲǿû⡣
Խ׷һʯ֮ǻɽɵĶʦֳ
ԽֻúƳɵĶ̽
˽սʮغϣԽö̽ĽУý׼ĺصһ¡
˲ʧȥʶԵھʯϡ
ԽԤϷͻΧɽȥ
Ľ̵Ľۼ̬ԣҲԹۣ׷ϻԽǰ
һȼգѩĻвϵڳ
Խνȥ˲һеϻһƬƵĺۼ
Խʹȥ
ȴڰбס˫֣ЦſԽϧˣĽҵͲ硣
ϧԽĴָƶһ˲ǰѶ̽˲Ϊࡣ
ôᡭѪֱͦͦȥ
Խγ̽˶ǡñ׷ߣܡ
Խ߰ӣ˲ɥʧ򶷵ҲϷȥ٣ɽӡ
Ȼ书ߣһ˿֧ţϲ˺ۣԭϵľٶȸϥء
ʮˣǡƵࡣ
ϵ˺ۣߣϺ󡣡

ڵֻᰭְţֱ׵һ˲ǿġ
˵˻ֵ¶һ˵۲ɼٶȻ˵ĺ
κ˵仰ԵЩԸ֪Ϊδ˵ֻ˵ǶԵġ
лպͼƲԥųȻתȥ
ڻ⳷ˣ̻˳
ƺͳȻ˳ɽɽɵӣķȥ
Ⱥй¾սûôˡ
˿ȻԶľʯϣ켣ڷĽеĲ˹ŮӴһѹڶ׼ķ
ͷһٸĸǰðԴеļʸ
ȴʸǸؼڱһ˲ѳö
ٶȹ졣
ֻüʶ廤ס
û壬˿ڴϵѪȾİ¡
ʶЩ㱣밵ӦôŶҩʲôġ
ԭΪԼѾٱ͵Ϯȴû뵽㲻ᱻ͵ϮֻҪںˣ㡣
գڰοҪѹͺ¡
ʶʧһ˲䣬̧һ£ߡ
ס˼ˤ
ǲ˹Ůջعߵǰû뵽Ȼ㵲ǼöҪ֪ôöԸֺαûûҹоĽ
ȱΪһѷСȡϵİ
ڸѡҪôҽ̵ĹƳۣҪôȥǲ˹Ůζؿͽõľٶ
·һӣ°ͣѪν
ڻ¥һѹ
Ҳǰʵû棬ǲǸҵ°Һˡ
֪Ϊµԭʲôоϵڽɢȥ
Լ£ϣرס
Ҹ˵ء˹ŮӵôãҲ˲Ҫôҽ̵ĹƳ棬Ҫôȥ㻹еѡȻɾûѡˡ
𣿡̧ͷһۡ
ѡ֡ڻϵı鼫Ϊƽ棺Ҫȥ
Ƿˡ˹ŮЦнˣҪȥ
ʯԣϵס°͡˷˽Χס
һһˡأȺŹαصǲ˹ŮЦ
½󱻷紵ú죬ѩԽԽ󣬲ϵƮķ࣬۾ڲĹž
Ÿɵĵһӵϡ
ϼ׺Ļѩ׷ױУҰȫڵɰããһƬ
еĵӶͷӬʧ˷
֪İѸٵػԼ
Ƭ̣гɵ˱Ȳɥʧж
ɼʩǲ˹ŮӳûԾǰϮȥ
δܣ˹ŮӵϾջ˰㣬ɢȥ
һ˳ץ󣬶ļ粿һš
˹Ůӻδʹ㿴ԼشҲʹ
ǣʧĻ󷨣ʹֱ۹ؽڴش˹ŮӺȻԼǰĽ˵
ûеõ϶شֻ屻һˤһľʯ˲ûϢĹҲϳ롣
ͬķʹüκЧ㲻ԡԽԽû˼Щӵжš
һʱŽЩȫŵ
ϲСС˿ڣιеʹдﵽ˶󣬱ľ
Ѫѩ涼Ƿ磬ɽ·Ļѩסˡ
Ψһһ¸ϣ½Ƕϸϸı˪
磬㲻Ҫ˯˺òáúܽĻȴûܴĶڣֻڱѩ


61
ᣬĴ𣿡
˰ʱ, ¶½кȻһʹ
ϵĶûΣҹ﷢ڴΪ¶轵, ͻȻˡ
Ʋסȥ, ٽһ˲, ֵĺ󱳡
ֱѩأЩϸС˿ڲ˪ѩ, ͨ졣
㻹˵ұ㣬ԭԤıЦǿű
Ӹдʹ֮ѩ, ü¾乵亹촽żֲ԰ףɫȴܼ͡
ÿһķѩХ, ȴ߾ܵؽڷѩ֮⡣
֪˶ãԶһɽþ㡣
Ųɽ, ֧Ųסص˵ϡ
֮ʣΧҰһƬʡſϣƣرۡ
õļžֱһ˫Դһ¡
˫ۣԼ, Ѿ, ȴûʾķһƬĻʥ
ʱ򡣡˳߿ȥû뵽
ǰʱֵĵطҲһսһ˳ʯֻҵʱĴ·λ, ĿҪѪŨصĳ֮ӦܴһǶ˵, ˹ǵ뷨ǶԵġ
ֻǸĿĲΪ˵õ, ǰɱ
ӻҰָ֮Ҳ, Щ֮ʧȥʶʱľ󡣡
Ӧû
, Ĵ𣿡һ˲Ƕӵ˫ﶼʶش˾衣
ȷӦջߣĴڣֻǲ֪ʲôֻ˵µһĹ˼ȥҲûκá
Щû˵滰Լ
Ժиڰ׳巿ĻܸεգƶԵֵ𡣡
ϲԼϲԼصĵ
֪ǲܵġ
ҲΪҪһһ
ʲôء˴ϵû𣿡
Сˡ
·ҲʲôֱֻЩ˿ڣǹˡ
ԴоӦûʲô󰭡
ҲûˣȥɡشӶڴվ
ǣ֣ĻұȽϤҡ
߱ʵ磬ǰ𣿡
ûСҵ游˵صƽ֮
˵䣬ǰͨľʯ
׼λãƿһʯڣһͨ
һ·ͨ裬Ĳ֣ҲܳɹӦȥ
һʱһˮĹ
֮󣬾ûлˡƿĴţǰһӲӵĹ
ȥض챦ǽϵˮҲӳ˲ɫ
˵˼ڴˣǵԽıλڹĵһ䡣
ǿһӵĻغУ˶ղ֪ҪҵĶ
߹ȥȡ򿪿𣿡
£򲻿
뿪ɡҲǿ
ЩȤ𣿡סʾϵıϲĻһЩҲǿԵġЩǸ뺣ʱ˵һЩ͡
ˡҶԣǮƲ֮ƽʲôҶԣһж͹ˡ
΢Ȼһ춯
קԼĻСġ
ͷˮʯ䣬ĺ󱳶
õĵطӦʲôأҪ̮ˡǸϽȥ
濪ʼҡѸٵ˺ʱ
˴Ӷ߳ķѩСЩֻɽ·ϵĻѩδڡ
Сĵ㡣ָҡ
»ȣһȣ绹ǰָұȽϰȫ
ҲСЦս֡
Ȼߵñһ·ס֡
ϵȺܴԼĹȺ֮ء
˾һ·ѩɽǰޡ
Ǽ޵ϰǺ飬һСֵܺˣƥ˵Ҫҹȥȱˡ
õᣬɣѾûˣȥдһţǲùˡ
áϰ忴ϱ˪ȥͰˮ
šӦ
ϴϣ̨дǷš
磬оһǸô򿪰ɣĳ°ϣ˯ϵ们䵽⴦ȥױ塣
֪ΪԼԺðݴʣֽŷЩԳ
ݸСèëר־оãҲûоʲôͷЦˣֻҪ䵽򲻿Ҳûйϵ
Եظֳһ˿ɵЦݣһжˡǻصɽһһ˻ǰɡ
Ҫȥĵ𣿡ʵ
šࣺģǶܺ˵ġ
֮ǲǻҪóףʲôġ
𣿡Цһ磺ĻҲԡ
⶯֪ԼݲϷ롣
ϲԺô˵ͺһʱյԼܺ߳һֽ֡
ֱָչȥ
һ۵ظܵȻ޷ȫʲôжҲҡ
˳ĽػЩƲסؽ·
Ҳ̽ٴϿȫȻȵı顣һ˲Ͱĺȥжˮڸǡ
¶ȿʼӡ
ΪϴһֱԼصǽߣŷԼ뷨ƺ̫һ
硭֮ǰ׽ʱȫǽžƾΪ֮ʱеĺ޸оҲû
˿̬ı䣬˵ǲܵģƭȻɳܣƭǲԡ
Ķݵͣĺ͸϶ڣϢȴһݰԵú͡
¡գüۼҪڴˣа㣬Ȼ̫۸㡣Ҿֱ˵ˣϲ㣬Ҫ㣬أ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


62
Ҿ͵ûм㡣
ĬƬ, һû׼á
»Ҫ׼𣬲Լã˲á
ҲÿҪ׼ʲô, ֻԼϸĥ¡֮ǰ̸Ĺ, ﻹӰ
뵽ǰ𣿡
šӦ, رס
˿̾⶯Ҳչ˺
ɡԴǿ˵һ仰
Ѿ, ʵЩܡ
磬Բ𡣡
Ҳ֪̫ңҲ, Ҳܺٽһ
ʲôõǸġգ˯ɡ룬ԡ
˿ȻЩȣȥϴ, ˯ɡ
áǳЦ
ԶЩɻͷǣü
ϽչѾ㻺, Ҳ׹ˣ֮ǰҲæҲûʲôΪʲôûӦء
˼⣬ѵΪԼ̫ѭ򽥽, Ȼôһ, ŵôӦ
ƺӿһ㣬Ͼ֮ǰһֱʱͣǵĲ档
, 㻹û˯𣿡ϴ, ǰ
һ˯Ȼؽӻ
á, , Գֵ
§˴ϡƿ, ϰΪ֡Ƕ˯ġ
ûоֻܾƺ˵㡣Ҳٸ·§ǰ·
оԼСӱ󻷱Լ
ĴůҲ˿⡣
߽͵ǰӦһ¡
硣һ£ûεЦ磬ɰ
ûݴʣһ£Ρ
֮ǰҲϲԼ˯ϻ¶Ƚϵ͡ȻֱӼףҲǿӦ
ڶһ磬ɫ˹
ֲ֪Ѿɿ˯úܳµһ΢΢Ϸ¶ݵ൱ȵСָкܺá
СؽӸϡԼȥˣȥһжˡ
˺ֻԽԽ˵˼Ǻǳ𡣵ϣҪ̫ǺԼ
ߵǰдһšżڰ׸Ľϣų⡣
ȥѩɽǰѾ֪ͨʥ̵ڸźܴܿǵϡ
׸ʮ·̣䵽ҰӪϡ
ˡͨ
߳Ӫ⣺˵ʲô
ͨڲŷ⣬һѶΪؿҸ
߿ߵ˵ȥɽ½ٳָҪᡣмһҪǿԼΪѧѧᣬҪչ¶һԼļ⡭
ͨʣʲô
ǽȥˣʲôϵ
ͨ㬵һϡء
ͣƬ̣ʵٳֽѡ𣿡
ǰѾ¶棬̫֡ҿȥɡ
Ա߰Ĵ멣ȻԼ֣һãȻؿ
һʱȽУһСɱӰҲ󡣡
嫿ɬʥִˣ⼸ûź𣿡
Ϊźˣô޵Ž㡣ĳҵĸ󽫰
ƨ嫰Ը̵ĸʥܶ档
Լĸ󻼵ĵλĬĬصԼ˳
ѩҹֹһ
޵ϰͷ̿ķѩûôˣҲˡ˺ü꣬ˡ
šǳǳЦЦ
ô񲢲رġ޵ϰı飺öﶼͲøϽ뿪ء
뿪뿪ĺã뿪Ҳв뿪ĺá۵׵įһԳЦǱأֺγǱܷۡ
͹дǻ۵ˣҲͨ͸ϰ̬۷ʲôܿÿЩ
ûٻػÿΣΡ
ЩʱҪĲԼڵȷȷľ
ҹʱ֣ûߡ
ۣ˯Ľë΢΢ţ촽ܱһӡ
Լʱ򣬱ԼʱԼʱôͶ飬⡣
һҹסĸоԺûҹûԼŲȥʱ򣬻ȥ￴
Ҹֵʱ⣬ҲĶˡ
յķѩݵͣˣ뿪ޣʱɽ;ɽ¡
˶ˣڹɽϢ
硣ָָԶҰӣһ˷ܵ
ꡣ˸ƣСŲȥ
Ұܵúܿ죬׷Ƭ̣ץסĶȻּ䴫
һֲõԤУæϻȥһ˽ĺ䣬ڷǵİ
˭Ͻ
嫷Ǹ䣬ѱࡣ
õ΢΢Ƥһ±Ųȥ
ҴʾǸ䡣
Ҫʲôʵ
ϵǴѩɽġ嫵װһᣬҪµһ񹦣ư֡
Ҵ򲻿
򲻿ȥôɡҪȥ
šִ˵Ǻ⣬ͨȥѱʲô˵ľٶ
ҪǳưֵؼĶ˵ҲáȸȻٽ
϶˲ԼĶ֣⣬жһذ㣬ԴϵӡǺϵϡ
ֻһˡ
˵һҰӸ㡣
áˬӦ
ڿлһ嫵Уһѡ
Σգת嫹ȥ
ٶ̫죬Դ嫵ֱ嫳ʹ֡
ûеᣬС
ȥӣҪ֮ʣԼļ粿һơ
ڿû֧ŵ㣬˼
ӿе䣬ֽӹ
㡭ɫ䣺ˣҡ
ԲҲܸ㡣˵
Ŀƽ䵭ַ˼ҳᡣ
𣿡һԹȵʵ
šӦ
͵͵ظЦԭһֱƭҡ
磬Բסˡ̧ͷ
Цôòʲôƭҵκ͸飬˱¼£ڲ˵Բ𣿡
ȴҲ֪˵ʲôֻظԲ𡣡
ңҾ͵ʲô¶ûȥʥ̽һ˻ɽĻ˶٣ƽδ˵˼ѵĻҾ͵ûм㡣
絶ȴȻվԭûдӦ
˵һΡƵԴϣӲҪô£Ҫô¡


63
ԼǿЦʹ£ô
ս, û˵жȴ֤һС
Ҳٶԣ˲, ԴĽͳǰ, ûȵסԴĽ档
ȹǱһİ, ɢܡϻڲϵʩ
ֵסֻ˳ץס⻯
پϵľ˻˰, һʱ޷ۡһƣ˲Ϣ֮׿⡣
ԭԼʵʵˡĮ, üۼȴһ˿ڲȥʹ㵽ƭҶ٣
ϵˣܲסĻ, ȴ˿˵Լĵġ
һ˳ϲ֣еһжǻԣ˭ֻĵġ
⹦ӦֻԽЧɡ˵, սԴķȥ
ܣԴĽĶ϶ڵһĿӺۡ
ô̵ʱѸٿ˵ƣ֪ܴģȻһǰ
Ľ̫, ǰ, ҲоȴȻЩѡ
Ƭ̹⾰, ϱ㱻˺üӡȥǰ취, Բˡ
ӭĽ, ԴĽȴ, ˼, ܿλ
Ƭ̹Ṧ˼С
ֻжܳûԴٺòˡ
ƷҲϳˣֱ˼Уŷʵˮƽжߣԭô񣬿һΪ硣ǰ˵ĳڷҩܹ˵ĶԴǼٵġ
һԾôľϲǲҲӦûϲ
ǽ֮
Ѷִʹ£ȴڵ֪𣿡
⼸üĴ˵ɽɵ֮
ֻҲã˹Ҳգûд̽䡣
ʶʶַԴı㣬ǿע뽣𵭵ضû谵
Ǵ˵һذİԴ
Դ
֮ɳʯ
ǿĿϯƬɽۣ֮ҲΧۣ͵͵شһߡ
ǿĽϮ
˿̵ĽǰȫͬնɽµͷӲȥһ룬ʯ׷ɡ
ĽγȫλѹٲκĴ
ϲ˿ڣȺʪһһ¡
һֱûô֣ͷҲڵֵͷء
ĽٴѵһײĻȡ
еĻѾѵòˣиƼ֧š
Ϊʲô֣ڵ
ⲻԶ׼ģԴЦҶҲ򲻹㡣
㲻֣Ҿͻɱ㡣
еһʩӣϡѵ
ֱϵ˿ڱѣѪ˳ʯϡ
ȥϵ˿ڣֻרעض۾
ڳǰһͬʱԶպȻһ̻
磬ټȻɿŻȵ֣ȥ
һʶȥץϧ½Ƕûץȥ
ǺХķͲơԺհһ˲δĸ֪һԴӵ´
һֻ޴Ļе񸩳ϣƲ㣬Զĳȥ
ǻеˣһ˵ıӰϤ
ҵڵʲôԳһЦɱб¶ˡ
ƳȻ˵ԼһֻĻе񣬸մԼȥû뵽ȻĳϿ
û뵽ԼеϷһ˲ľȻǷ紵ͷ᲻ء
ԼǿЦʹ£ô
ԼĻԵġ
ջߣתɽȥҲûͷһۡ
һ·ĬŻʥ̡
»е׷ǰ
ͼֽѾ֣ҪչоһʱաǰҪڵĻ͵ͼǳԡ
Ȱϵ˴һ°ɡʶȤػ˸⡣
ãСˡڵ
Ѫ˿ڣ˵Ϲ
ڣأԽʥ̵İң˰š
ɽ£ɽȥ
ǸŵĸᣬʦµΪ¾޵Ļͼֽ
游ƽķȥʱ򽫻ͼֽȡΪܡʥǸʥ֮ͽǣͰˡ
ֻɽɵĲֳϺ֪ȻɽԲߣҪʱʥܶ档
¾޵ڵ죬ͼֽҲúĸءغļҲ
һжü
ּнȻԶиǱӰǸӰеϤڻƣ
еӰعͷơ
ϵ˿δѿʼãж㵼⼸ʳҲѣ˿
ϵ˿δѿʼãж㵼⼸ʳҲѣ˿ȥ
㲻ǺͳȻһѩɽ𣿡ʵ
ƿЦܣǰΪ˻϶ˣһ·һ·ѪһʼңƬ̹˵Լֲסˣм׷Ƕܶ
ұҲûҡҵô˵ˣҸ鷳
˵ɽҵ˺һҡ֪ˡƵ˼ʹࣺû뵽ѩôãû׷ʬ塣
Ӧ·ײ˷Ľ̵ˣűɱˡΪ׷Ҳһޣ¸޵ϰ鷳һ·켣
˵꣬οԵļ硣
㲻ðοңͿˡʵŮ鳤ʲôĲʺңжѾȫȻްҲ޺ޡա
Ļδ˵꣬ͷļ࣬ˮ˳ۿɹɶ¡


64
ȫʶҡĵ
֪̫, ҲЩ˼
ĬĬزᣬ̧ͷƳһۡ
ȥûгЦ˼
ֵܣܸһɽ𣿡ĬȻ쿪ڵ
֪롣һȥȻ, һʱܽܡ
, ʲôʱɽٻȥ, ɽɵĴʦ֣Ҫ
ж, ϾҵʦáҶƵĻ˶٣ˣֵ, ôأ
һЩ¡ɫ䵭ȥʶȤû׷, ɫ˼ֺ档
ûʲôģ´μ棬˵ǵˡ㻹ҪȻľˣҲ㡣
Ȼ˵ɨ˵Ļ϶ЩԲ, һվڹͷֲǺˣҲȻ
Ը£һɽȰϵκá
óһСҩݸƣЩõĵطҲҪȥ
֪Щ˿ٲȾ͸÷, ϵشӦˡ
ûɢ, Ҫҧʲô𣿡Լİ﷭£Ҳûʲôõ, ֻԴϧؿԼ
, ҧԼ־Сæ
áӦ, ϶ɿ, Ƭ, Ƥ㱻
Ƶнӹҩ˿ϡ
ʹɫףɿڣֱϱҧѪĳݺۡ
ҩЧܺã˵ڶգǿ·
˻ʮջصɽ
ڴ˵صңȥȥƽ˽ڵţһȥڵá
һʱҶǳ϶һ鿴ɽɵľڡ
·ţƿȴ治ֹҶһˣ߰˸ڷҪ¡
ȥӰˡ
ת˵ò࣬ʱˣλϲɽٻȥ
ˣˡֵ
ǻǾȥ׼ɡһ׷ͯյӵ
ҲáӰӦ
Щ˴߹ϳһɵˣһǲԽɵˡ
ˡӰ첽ĸǰ˵ѩɽϷһսһˡ
û¡˾䣬ɫǸȻΪҵ䵽ʥ̵
ûܰ׷ûɱˡϥ¹иλʦҵ
ôᡭӰ૵ȡһ±쳣ѣ游½һˣҲǸ̫ѹ
Ϊ֪ԽԽáҶü˭Ҳû뵽˹̵˻ɢϢû뵽ʥ̵˶ִš
ʥ̵õϢӦñȲ˹̵ĸһЩǵĽͨ븴ԭ¾ޡ
ʵ˵ͲӦͼֽʲôáӰûڵ
ˡҶǵ
ڵǹʥܶ棬һҾҪǽ
ҶҡͷʥܶѹȻͶˡҺ¾޻ܱǰѵһĻšҲҪʱͲÿһѹء
±ߵֻеĻеĳЩط游ĻҪϸ
ʥиţһ첻˸ѶȵĻޡһҲ첻ΨһĵǺ¾ĻͼֽѾԺֻɱ
»ԻʱաӰ̾ѩɽһսǸϵʱѾս˼켸ҹ˲ءǰ˹̵ȫռ˺ɽɡ
ݺǲӲܡҶǳǺɣԽɵĳϾ£ҪɵȥﺮɽɶԿ˹ֹ̣ʴԭֵĲ
ͷһȥɡӰ¾µǽ˲˹̵˵ϾҲ첻ʵڲо˵ĵʱɱˡ
˼Ƭ̣ӦҲá
ձɽʥڣסǰͷ£ȥ֪ͨһˣò
ʥŵ羵ʱ
ʱ󲻹Ǹʮ߰꣬˾֡
羵קһѣƵ
Դ˾޶ã羵дż룺壬ôʱҲˡ
˵ѾõˣһͽҲӽϽйˡ羵ģ⻺һˣǹ
ʦ²ûӣߵߣĿƽɨӵָ粻Ц
Ȼġɫ
˺ˣʦͽ˸ɡνҪһо¾
¾޵Ѷȹ߲һܰæܻᵼҷġڵ
νҲһʱ羵Цļ磺㲻ʲôã߰æ˲赹ˮҲǺõġֶо¾ô࣬ûôС
塣ʱһڣֺαضһ١һ˾͹ˡҲʲôѾߣҪ˲赹ˮ𣿡
㶮ʲô˵ĵط𣿡羵
ʱָ߬⣬صķ籩
ʦ롣
Ц˦ǰȥ
߳ѾԽ˻ˡ
ʦ֡
ʦ֣û¡˶οǰдǲùʮջûһΪֳˡ
ΪҵȽŲ㣬Ϊ˵Ҳ·ϵˡƲ˼
ɽɵ°ӦҲ˵ˡԽǰҪһôΣյ飬ʹ˵ֶˡ
Խ˵ſ󣬳˶Ҳ˲Ծĵطʦ֣չأ
ٺһˣʵʥ̵ĽµɽɺͲԽɵ֪ˣʥ̷ѣԼҲֻкôûл
ڵᡣ
ô˵䵽ʥ̵Ƶ
ǡӦ
ѵһʼڲ֣ն񡣡Խŭǽ˺ɽɵ£һʥܶ档
Խ˵˻Ȼʲô֪ѹԸˣ㲻Ĵ
ᡣ˵ѾǵˡҺˣһ㡣

ɽѱ˹ռ죬ĵȫ˾ӵ೤ɽµһס
͹˷˸ϵʱѾɺͲԽɵĵӡ
طСԱڶ࣬΢΢ߣͻԽ̸
ɼӵĻУڳ˵ľҲܵһĨεؿԼ
ȥһĵӣƺɵġ
˿ջߡ
ΪԼˣɺǽӶزĿ⡣
ÿԼȥʱֻתȥһ˿ײı졣
ȥ𣿡òôӴĻᡣ
ȫʶҡĵ
ǲʶ㣬㲻ǰ˵Ҫһôˡôʶһôˣ


65
šӦ־ԼӦ˵Щʲô˾䣺á
ʦ֡һ㲻Ҫ˵ˡ
㰡, Ƥ̫ɸ֡
λ˶ˡʱ󣬺ɽɵı೤кһ߳߳ʯǰ, ̯һźɽĵͼ
ñںɽİɽȦһ£Ǻɽڲ˼, һеӷش, ͻص淴ʡڱ˹̵ռ죬ǵİʦʦڴ˴ͷλȽǶ˾ȳ
Ȼ˷
೤ھɽ·̵ĵط£ǺɽɵĻز, ѱ˹̵˲и졣ǹɽʱǸǺɽɵӵĺ棬һСġ
šӦ
೤ָָɽĶɽɵڲĵ, ֱ׻ȸ䡣ĵŰΧһ˽кպʮͭ¥
֪, ΪɽɵǰԲŻᱣʮͭӡ˶ÿͭӶߴųߴ磬߰˴硣Ҳûбͭ¥ˡ
ǡ೤ϽŵǺɽɵžͱʮͭ¥ͨ˵صֻĵšĵŸߴʮ, ڲĻʮͭ¥һ򿪾ͻǣͭӷ졣ǴȻܽв
ĵŸδ򿪡
ѵĵطĵŵĿھͭ¥Զĵطһ򿪺ͭӷ, ǵλþͻᱩ¶ͨĵŵ·ϱ⵽ء޷䲻عʮͭ¥ȳš
Ҳ˵ܹڲ, Ҳѱ֤ŵԽ
೤̾ϢҲûа취İ취ֻһһˡ
Ȼ, ȥɽ˼Ҿȳʦʦ𡣡˷
д⡣೤ϵǶ˲ôݾ, 뼸λṦõĵҹǶ˾ȳ
ҺʦܵṦпɡ˷
, ƨһ, ҼʦܵṦҲϳˡ
೤ϵͷϧûɽɵĵӡɽɵý, µӵṦ඼ܺá
ɽɵġƵҵĽôṦ˵ùȥ
á೤ϰ˼£㹻ˣӦùڲͬķǵʱԷж
೤̯һ˼ҵĽṹͼ˵˼ңʵĺԺɵĽṹ
пܱڲͬԺÿԺӶרһԿףֱа˸䡣೤ϵ
ҪҵƹԿ׵ˡ˷
ܽϵͣ߼пܻᱻָָ֡ṹͼϵ㣬Թ˷תںǸԷյĵطױ˲
Ѹٳط۲ʱ֣ǿ϶ʳǳûҵƹԿ׵ˡ
š˷Ӧ
ƿ˹ԺӵĽṹ̫࣬ʱҺλСֵҲ˵еһ򡣡
廰ʦȻṦ˵ãȴ̫ãɽɵĶʦֹ˵á鷳տҼʦ𣿡
ҲС˷ҺһҲԡ
ҵĹ򲻲
ſģǰǸڹעԼĵӡ
èҶ򲻹ĵͷ
ʦɵĶҴ򲻹ġĵưһأȴȻػش
೤ЦλϢƬ̣ϱҪˡ
ˣȴ˸Ϣʱ˾Ԥųˡ
Ǳ·ֱǰɽ·ɽ
ϦûԶɽͷɫһһȥ
ʲô֣ʵ
֡ġĽŵأ
ʶػصǽͷЩѲߵ˹ȥˣĸطȽиͿٳĸ䡣
šӦ־ԼӦ˵Щʲô˾䣺á
׶ЦˣɵõЦš
ţáĵ
ٶȾ˼ҾǰĲԶˡ
˽éݵڻǽǣǽͷ
Ժﹲ߰˸Ѳ߼ӡ
ҹɫתһ˲䣬ԺӵǴ
Ľ
ԶĶԻϲҪǺóԺúȵдšֵǵڶûϷȸˡ
˵ˣҪոԭ֣Ͼɱһ·Ȱһ·ٲҲ㺮ɽɵʣҪʱдãˡ
ĿĲδԼһôؿֻð쳣ʵ
֨ѽһű򿪵
˽ͷڲ˽ȥϷš
ٶȾƬǣ׼ʱ˽ڵء
ǵȡԿףǵ¡
ؿģľګͣԭأôˣ
ûʲôĵĶЩ죬ҵؽ׵ԼϣҲѣԵмӷס
װģѲƬ̣ٶԿ״ţûնˡ
ûκλӦ˽ȥɫ԰׵صڵϡ
ͷһûԣö˶˵ԭء
ǶιȥġС
ϢسȥҪһûжˣûʲôϣˡ
ô죿ʵ
ò״˷ţˣȻǴӳȥˡ
áӦ
ʣ˷Ű߳ţΧ¹һȥȥȱˡ
ߣң󡣡ĳǰŵؿǰĵˡ
ƷűĵֲŶٺá
Ϊػһˡ
ȻһɭȻɱ֮Ƭ̹ǿĽĵĶϣǰ˷׷ױˣڵϡ
ǽϵİٶȷ𣺡һûҵ󡣡
ӳԺ䣬׷δ˳ʱ·ɽߡ
ղŵһĻԽԽԼһ·òС
һֱڹעΧĶûע⵽ɫ
ɽţ΢΢
ǲҡȻڵ
ûûС
㷽ߣҸֻƼˮꡣԸίߣֱԵǰҵƵ̫ˣҪȷʵɵĵӣҿ㵱Ѱġ
֪ԭһˣӾ˼֣ңֻǺܾǰŹҾ书ǿϣΪѡ
żؽ͵˰ûбһ䡣
ллεķΧò׼ңҪʲô𣿡
ˡĵˡ
ԼĻ˷Ч첻ٶԡ
ʦܡһͷȥ˷һɽ
ôˣ
ûʲô󰭣һʱӦþָܻˡ
š΢΢лλðȡ
Ѿлˡ˷ЩεؿȻر೤ϵľɡ
áӦ


66
˷·֮⣬³˹¼ŸС
µ, ڰо¾޵ĻͼֽһԹۡ
˷״ѾʮգһĥĻеȱ, ǰ
ʦ, ҪҪϢһ£³°ϵ, ̧
˲֪õĲˮӯӯЦ⡣
, ԼȰɡ
Ц⵭ȥһԲؿ߳˰ҡ
ҹ紩ãƺ˵ƣһɨ, ֶݵ˹
ߵ˱裬ĴϵӳӰ
, ߵࣺôóˣ
ЦЦǸ˯Ѱ, һ޺
ѵÿôЦݣչЩʱգ˶еɵˡоò𣿡
ֻо֮һ
ֻо֮һڻһϲͨûи컹
ҡҡͷҺƿڡ
มһ֪ӦЩ춼ͷ
˶ã˶ã߲ݡЦһҵͦ⸱ġ
Ҫ, Խɨسš
Ӵջ, ˼ʵȨҪǵ, ⽭ɽˡҲֲõܡ
羵Ұ, ⽭ɽ䵽һʱ, νơ
˹ܲ򿪰ǰī, ЩǰеĲ඼Ǵġ
㷽˵Ѿо֮һ
ҵȷͼֽƽ֮һ, ͨЩֱ׵ֻûֳǼԺ
ôӵĻͼֽĿԼԺ𣿡΢΢Ĵ㵡
īʣʼѩ׵ֽϷɿػţؿһһϸµؽƽͼ˳
һʱûסͣʵ
ӹһСֽ˼ط˷
ôӦҪ°ɡ
ôһѣȻͼֽȻ˹¶ˡ
ŲһΣӰϵŵľҵ˽ɵķֲͼڹռ˺ɽɣɽȲͬɡԽɡɽɶ˵ǰȥ
ȹռǺɽɣŷֲͼü
ҲΡ˹̶ɽΪа׳ΪӦǡ˷ڵɽʱ졣
񣬺ɽ벨˹ڵΪƫԶҺɽɵڶ࣬ѹ¡˵˹̵ĴӦȹռɡ
˶٣ֵȹĸʵ𲻴󡣺ɽɺãֺͲԽɡɽɽáݺǣһȫ
ˣԵΪԡ۹һٵĶĴɵΧôΪҪѾ˼ԶԹɡɽɻ˸Ĳ˹ͽ֮Сǡ
ʵʲô
ȹºɽɣĴɵϽռơһȹɣƾ͵Ȼ޴档
͸ˣɽʲô
˼Ƭ̣ЦҪ벨˹̵óʲôˡ
ƶܣɡȻȻ򣺡ʮͭ¥
ûʹǵ书پ޷ĶϳҲôõġο
ҲⵣȻʥ̺ɵĹϵһţɲ˹̶ǵв
᪾ڲ˹˵֧¹ǣոǡ˹һԭ֣ԭƿ»ᷢ޴仯˿ڲ裺ȷٷΪȥˡ
˼ǣ
ҲǿԺɶݵغһ¡ϵֽ˻ȥԼŻĻƽͼ̶ֳȵƽͼżĻеʦҲܻԭϣܰҰҵɿĻеʦ֮һİƷ
Ҫȥɽʵ
ǡӦһʱûͷ˵˼ҡҼɿĻеʦֻ֮һİƷƽĻͼֽҲٶǣܱ֤Եİȫ
羵ϣ¾û£ֻಽظҵ󡣡ĴбռȻܸǡֻ֮һİƷպƽҲǸơ
ЩƷӦںδ죬ִأʵ
㻹ǵʥ̵İиܵĵصͨһ޴ʯ𣿡
ˡȻʵʥⴥĳأǸصطֻ㣬Һʱ֪԰ȫ
šӦǵЦ⡣
أĥ˻ȻĴǸ
¾޵ƽͼݸĵţ
˷ȥǰ˹̣羵ҲĴ뿪˵ز԰ѹļӣǵľ衣Ҳ벻㻹кСЩͼֽЩĴоֻѰпʼˡ
š룬ĵһ⣬֪ͨһ
⻹ʲô⣬ĽҰɡļࣺһ·˳硣
ɽɵİʦ𽥽ѹ೤ϵľªʮֻܽڴôպϹһҹ
Ŵӷ׵ĵоô
ʲôôȥ£ķʦ֣ԺҪôԾˡ
ǡ״ߺײϡ
΢΢һ㶣Σȶ˵ͷЦЦ
㿴ʶˡԺкˣллʦ֡
ٶ͵˷֣΢΢죺е˯ˡ
峿ɵĵӽɽɵĵ߹ɽԶĻز
ɽɵĵСĽʯӺͰǰ·εĻ壬ֻصĲҲãǿҲգû˿ı䡣
Щ˼飬ͬʱսսͨ˴˴Ļزȷʵû塣
ЩŹ֡
Ϊֹۣǻıزֻǲ˹ûóеĵӡ
ǲܰѵ̫򵥡೤üСġ
˸ϵĵŵĿ֮أ˵ؿصĲ˹ͽԱڶ࣬Ҹơ
ĴҲЩӣ˵ĺΧ֮˳ؽЩ˹ͽ
೤أ׻ȸѿҺɽŵͰλˡ
Զ˲и˴Ӳս׼
·ĵţȴִ֮ϣ
ʦ֣ûоЩ֡˵ǵλõĿĶѱ¶·ӦûܶزŶԡ
˷ʩչṦ߻صȷʵ˹̹ռɽʮգӦ൱һֵѾǰһռءҷĴŵĻ֮ôĲ˹̾񡣴˴Աϡ٣ҲȫȻܡ
üδչܾòô򵥡ȴڵرر֮⣬һжǰʮͭ¥
˵Ṧãȴȸţ˺ɽɵʮͭ¥ڴ˴ռعƬ
Խǰһƿʮͭ¥Ĵš
ʮͭ¥ڲǻεĽṹΪʮ㣬ÿ㶼ʮ䷿ųһȦϡ
˳¥һһ䷭Ѱȥڶ¥ķҵ˺ɽɵš
ڴβʯϣͷɢϵ˺۱¶ܹ˵Ű
ʲôıڸϽɽ뿪˵ء˷
Դ׼ȥлµһ˲䣬ߺȻһʯ
֮ȻһƾżıܲûжеĽ
ã˲ŻһѪסſڵˡ
ٶȻӽն
˶͹˷ɽţߡ
ſ˴Ѫֹ
Լļϣ߳ʮͭ¥
Ĵɴ˴ǰеӶƬڣȴȴѽıϡ
̧ͷ¥ȥʮλŮڶ¥ʮͭӵӶȥһСֱ֣׼еĲ˹١
ʮͭӵӱӿڴֳν͡ߴųߴ磬߰˴硣ҲûбͭӣҲҲûʲôܱ𵽸õЧ
׻ȸĵŽգͭλ¥ĸλûбȴ˵ظõ¾
˹ŮָⲦһ˳ͭɢ˲ʱŴ
̫ĵӶѵزԽأƽ͵Լĺ
ȥֻмǿ֧š
˷߶ѣȥ¥ЩֵĲ˹Ůˡ
˹ŮٶȲһ氧
üǼ䲻ϵ߳亹಻ͣҲʼʹ
ڴʱϷȻƿ֮Ȼֹ
дͬѰ֮ʥ̵Ľͽӻеϻ
һ°׵Ľ£һ˵ɫĮ߹Ĵɵӡ
ֺɫ³Ͳȴޣ䡣ķ紩࣬䴵΢΢ӯ˷·֮⣬³˹¼ŸС
Ļǵؿȴ߽ˣҲûƿ


67
ֻЩЩ
֪Ϊһ˵Ӧ, ԼΪһ٣ٶض
شʡ
ջߣɫȫȻĮ
Ϊ˽, ֱ֪ӵֶƭԼ, ŸԿɺޡ
೤ϺͰ֮Ѿǿվ, ȥϵĳ
˼ʥ̵Ľ, ʥ̽ϵı־˲֪˲
˿ӡЩͽĽϡ
ʥ̵ʲôĪǺͲ˹̰й, ͼĴһ򾡡ĻдԶ׼ĵ⡣
ǵĹۿҪǽ, ¥ϵŮһУ绯Ϊԩꡣʥ̵Ľͽػ
㡭ɫЩŭ೤ס֮Ī, ֻʥ̺ҽͣȴò˶롣
˹̽ԭ֣ƻֵƽ⡣ڵеǰӦ³ɼ, ͬ顣
ĳЩ˵ֵʵ̫, ô֪㲻ڹؼʱ̱һԽ
Ǽҽ˵ؾǣǺȴĶ, 򡣡ʥλͷĽͽ
´, ԰˼
ȻǺ, ѵӦóЩ𣿡Խ
Խɵĵӡ
, ϵİٻʣ٣Խʵ
һ۵ʣһƿ
ȫҡԽùһеİٻ, ½ٻȥǾͬǺģֵҩҪǵġ
ٻ˲Խɶҩ´ҩһŵٻ̾ͻһºòҩһջڶͷʹѣ̣ողˡ䲻ҪȴԳûȡֺοˡ
ɵչ󣬾ҲǽҩٻҩЧҲɢȥ;̬ԣһ֮ԽοҪǺǣΪѡ
ɡ
ʥ̵һͽڻһȻֵĳԿ̫ƽ
Ӧˬ죬Ϊ̶ֳȵİٻԲûЧɣֻ¸һһٵȻɡ
ָʶĦ䣬ƽһηԭһ˵ĻҲǧС
ǰٶ֡
Щ꣬ϰָŸɵĶҩֳЩõģЩõġ
Խɵİٻõġ
ûз֪ŵġ
һºѽҩҰɡδţԻԽ
ȻҲԽô˵ҲɣĳЩаԽָ
ĵѱʥ̵ĽͽͨⲿĻش򿪡ٻȥ뿪˴˵ء
߹ȸţȼ䣬ȻܵһɭȻɱ⡣
ԴĲ䣬ʥ̵Ľͽ׷װγ
ߴǵһɨȫûǷлǽ˵
ʥ̵ĽͽվԭأҶ
ڰ֣뿪˵ء
ԴĽļʹС
ڵ硣
硣쳣䣬߼ѹȸеؿأ
ʥˡػ˵ڵһ˲оʹƺ˵㣬ȵѪҺ˽бı㣬
ʥûƽ¾Ļͼֽŵ
ôءʵ
Ҳ޷ȫƽ¾Ļͼֽɫƽش
Ľ֪ͣԼʻֻԼİһٶƭء
֪ΪΣлһ̣еĽشǧûȷص֪ɵ£²ȥ֡
ҲǵĿʲôҷȰҵǰ֣ȻҵҿƲסԼ֡
ϵ𣿡ָǷŲ˹ɵˡ
ûءջذԴ˿ڣܺԼ
ıӰʧ˹սǣԼǣָմѪ
֪㲨˹̲ԭ֣ʥҲδûкͲ˹һս
Լæȥ˹һ棬һ档
һ뵽˷ΣأЩƲסԼ
֪ٶԼĴһ뵽ܴߣʹ㲻ʲô
Ƿˡ룬Լӵеֻͨ˵ݳޡ
ȴڣڽ߾ȫ˵ԼֻЩЩ


68
ʶʹ쳣ѣ峿졣
, ˡԽǰΪҴ𣿡
ûСƽʥǽһа, ֮ûԿ, š
, ҾͷˡԽ˿
λҺɽɵĴϢɡ೤ƵõȥþƲˣúøлλ
ʱѹʱ, ˶һӣûŵͷ
˵ţʵǻطҪ¡
ʱ, ʥ̻ƫңĴɶá
೤Զʥ, λϽõһϢʮǰɽƽдң˵˹ڻɽ¶ͷĺۼɵʱҺɽѱ˲ôࡣ
λ, Ǳһײ˹Σ
˷˹һ٣ٶҽ֣ȻҪȥ
೤ֿԽɺɣԽ׷׻Ӧ
Ȼ, ǽպúϢ, ձǰɽ೤ο
ٶĺԽ˵ߣʥ̵ļҵĺ, ϸ, һ·ʲôΣյ»Ǵͷ, Ҳͦõġ
, ƾʲôΪԽĻʵʣοǻа, ָἺΪˣ˽ף
ͬĻǻлֵİٻ𣿡뵱Ȼ˵ûǵĹЧҲˡʱǲǵİţҲǵİš
ǲǺˣҲֶˡԽĮؾܾҼȻӦǣֻҪǲͼıͲʹðٻ̡
ʱ£㻹ܲ𣿡˶٣ˣʲôҲû˵黹ûҲ뵱ˡ
ԽԽȥ뿪ˡеز׷Ҽʦ־⡣
ĻﲻҲὫϣ˵ʲôɣ㲻͡
Ŵ˻Ϊżˣһֱڿˣʵǻˡ
˵䣬ʥ̵ļͽ˽ӭײϡ
ߣܿҲá
Ѹٵص򣬺ٶײϡ
أüͷԽԽͷͣ˽Ųýˣƺ
ܸԼųͿܣĬŴ߲
ܾ֮շǱѰ֮ǰʶ𣿡
֡Į
ֲĵô롣紫°׽Ķǲ˽
ʵҲ֤еĸ˵ϣżо
ŵһ˲䣬ֻܱܵظо£ǿҵѹȸк͵⼸ҪѹԼܵˡ
أ˸䣬ʥ̵Ľͽ¡
Ĵɵ˶Ծؿһۣ˵˼֡
ܾǲôӭǡһͽ
Ȼ֪һ㣬⡣ֻһ·տһ˵뷨޹ء
գ˳ǰɽɽǽΪ֮һλýͨɽµóҲչѷֲ˹̾ںδ
ʮǰɽɵƽҲֻżȻɽµ˲࣬ſʼ
͸Ϣȴ˸е¡
ǳٳûж֪ڵЩʲôƽ̾Ҳý£һֻͨŮӡ
ȻˣҲֻȥһˡ೤ϵ
һ¥߲ķ⼱Ҵҵײһū۴ˣɽɽŽɵĵӣ¶˻ɽɡ
ѾˡѩޱкͷɽɽңҲصľСūĸޡ
ȻһֺαذԼľСūᲢۡ
㲻غҿġѩޱЦҵԭˣҲģȻҲֻôһ֪
ĬȻ
ɽͷľ̫ߣɽŸǵĻشʦƣùơǲӲֻܻСѩޱû뵽ǻûӦ֮ߣɽɵ˵ѰԮˡ
Ȼʲô̧ͷˣ˳Ĵɵĵӣʥ̵ˡ
ѩޱкϵһ٣ȥɡ
к͵͵Ӧȥ
ʥ̣ԭһаôѩޱζΪ˶Ըǣϧɺɵ˻𣿡
ʱĴɶѵ룬Ҽʥ̵ֻԶԶ׺󣬲ɵйཻҪһͬ˻ɽɣôҲ벻ǾȻһġ
ȤȤѩޱЦʥҲٰˣǽ˶鱨¥̽ѰǵĶ򣬼ʱܹί
֪ɽɵͷʲôȱ𣿡ѩޱתϵЦ쳣ˡ
һʱګȻҡҡͷ
Ķãʹˣظѩޱڵǰʮ٣ɽɵĶӶǾ¥Ԥ˼֧裬ǻɽɵʱ
˭֪ϲûסɽͷ֪ˣҹ˵ƻŹ棬˽ȥ̻֮ءѩޱ̲סЦˣΪǿɽϵǰ𣿡
ҲЦ
ѩޱĿѾ뵽һˡ
̣Ľջҩ˶յĵʵ̫ˡ
ҵ˳϶ĳСΧ廰
Ⱥ˲ʱӦú󣬹˷Ӧһš
ڴ˿̵ķΧԵöͻأ
֪ܻӭ˵˻һˡʥ̵ĽͽԶԶ׺
µҲɢ˿ѰһҹĿȷĽջ˶ĳ¥
Ҷھ׿ĵطԥýѡձݸڽģҪҪԵ㡣
ҪԡػȻʦңҶ㲻Сûġ
ҶεЦȻʦķݡ
ǰһ˽ƫšХŹιصĿҶӰڼȵҹɫԵ쳣
ձɵȥĽջ˶ĳ¥ɡ˷ڵ
λʦʦǣǻɽɵĵǶ϶ϲȥ¥ģһȥ˵Ȼȳء
ȺбЦ
ǿâˡǼҴʦֵֶطǵӦ֡ԽɵʦָָԽԽײ¶ӡ
ļࣺһȥĶԲԣ
֣ȻҺĹϵҲҪҼʦͬŶ˶
£ôͬءԽ
˷һεЦЦ
ҶĿûͳȥձһʱҲ岻ϻЩʧ䡣
˻صɽڲɽɵĵӼԼţҲҪ¡
˶ĳʱſ¥ֻ⡣˵ҵϰ廹ͬһˡɽɵĵƽ㱨
˶ĳͿ¥ĸڣ¥֮а˷һԲտȥĳȥ¥
ͽλˣȥĽջ顣ɽɵһƽοص˵ͷ
¡˶ӻɽɵóɵøпſͦͰ׵ģû뵽ôظ
ȷʵԽЦʥ̵ƫĸλҪһľǻǲҶҿðٻ̶ԸǣǴȥ˻ɽΪƫƧһԺ䡣˵ӿɶˣܲ˯ŶǸ⡣
İٻ̶ӦòãһЩҲûʲôƽѹˣѵðϹŶ˵ԽЩʲôģĿٶ֣
ٶֵδءֻ󲿷ֵҩ˵ãĽ̵ǧҲ޷Ҫ
Ҳ̫ˡԽŴ˻˲ԼҵİٻʧȥģȥӮʦоЩŶҩС
ҹˮе඾ڴϡ
ǽӡ⴫һƬ̺󣬷űƿ
ȥڵֻϧʵ̫ͣĲӵһ׾ٵظǹ
ڷãɷڵȴԽԽ࣬ôҲƵġ
ǻʥ̰ɡˡʱһͽܲסˣǹǴ򷢵ƫƧĽġ
һʼͲӦùǵĴɱ𣬲˹ҲһǵĶ֡һͽҲԽ˵ԽίΪԳⶼ˰ٻǻôǡ
뿪ɡԴǿе
ҡҡͷٶȿڵȥ
صЩҲˣͽΥһԵ߳˷š
ץű죬ԽץԽʶʹ쳣ѣ峿졣


69
̶ֳȣҲҲԡ
ô, ǻɽڵס㲻ƽߣڳر߹ζĳ㡣
ջûˮָ⣬Ӧš
ǲ, ת뿪˵ء
Ҳʲôı, , Ǿóѡƽ
ĽŲ˶٣ƽԼ̬Ѿظаһ֮, пܺʥڡ
ûġ
ֻܾرܿ
ʱɽɵĵѳȥĽջ
ȥĳ˲̫, ˵ע⡣
ĿǰѡֻлԽҶʦֵܡ
ٴһȥ, ʥ̵ĽӦöԶķİɡ
ȻԼȥҲȥ
һΣվȶϵĴ, ôϵҲû˵ʲô
һߣȴ䱻߿ľ룬Եø롣
ǲ˲˶ĳŸտŲãһ㡣
һѹӵĺΧſڵĶС, ͽĴŵ΢Щ, ϵĳҲ˲١
Ƕĳи¶Լ˭ӮŸĿˡ˵Զĳ¥, һվϸ˭ܺŻϵݺݺһҹ
һ¥Ķͽһ̧ͷ, , ǮŮҪĶࡣ
һž޷ĻӶ¥˴̵һ¥ĵ, Խ˿ɴ, һ˫Ļ꣬״ӡһ޵ĺơ
ǲ˹ǱߵͼŮһͲ˹ϵǲ֪ǲϹ
ǲǣǶҪȥԽһԾ϶¥ż䣬ƿż
һλµĸҹӡ
Ҳŵ˶¥ҹЦſڵû뵽ǵݺݺô˻ӭȻڶĳǾЩĳϷҡӡ
һԵغܼ򵥣һӣͬʱҡ˭ҡӼĵ˭Ӯ
Խҡó𣿡
ҡСһᣬ޲ˡص
㾹ȻҡСģ
š߶ӱΪĩûеСĵˡһ
ʲôʱ㻹ЦأԽ
仰ҭһʱԣƬ̺ûڿЦ
ðɣðɣûڿЦô찡Խ
λλӽһƵ˵ǰ˵Ҳƴýš
ɡָϣѧ¥¶ͽӾҵҡ
ĸҹػһ£ѷϣص
죬һԵ˿ȥˣλӺûҡپҲô˵ҡԽã˾ɢԽ졣
˻᲻˵üһţˡ
УҾͿˡ˽ѵѸƿĵġ壬ҲС
ѣʾ˴򿪡
ãֵǵ㹫ˡ˽ָѸϣƿ
·Ѽֲ֣һǵ㹫Ӯˡ
ҡǲʲôɣôܴؿԽŶЩ˼顣
һλ˭ߴٵ
Ҷԥϣʦ֣һҡĵ̫СǱҡ
ġһҺá
šҶӦѣػ˻ΣƬ̺ϣˡ
ִҶĵļϣŵضѡ
ˣ塢͹ٵ˸㹫ӣҲɡ
ѡ
㹫ӽյﰡ
ܣһǧԽΡ
λӣҪ֤ݵġ˵㹫ҲǶĳĳˣȻһЩɡݺݺ¥ͷƣôλӮôء
ĻԽļ磬ʾ侲
ѣȴҲЩȷšϾҡӷҲûʲô顣
ѣȴû֣Ҷĵֻôһ㣬ʲô𣿡
ҶЦЦЩ˼ҵһܺá
쵽ϣҰҵһ㡣
ִ˻
Щ飬ȴ֪ԼʲôⶼûķƳ
ˡ̫ΣҵӦ㹻ˡ
Ҷĵϴһ˲ûһ˿¶ȡ
ζ˼ѣˡ
ˡ㹫λ塢ġ͹ٵҲһ㰡
Щ׻Խ°ڣˬʼɡ
ǰһάĺԽҡĵȴˡ
ҪԿ𣿡ʵ
ǰĴָʶĦʳָϵİָ䵽˵ԵЩ
λӲؽţǰЩûһʤ㹫ӣҪս˲࣬ǵȻٸһλᡣ
㽫Ƶǰֽӹ΢΢ζ
Ѽͬʱϣ΢ײ
Щƣ۵˦˦֣ѡ
š㣬ָϣҡĻ𣿡
㿴쳣۾͵һ⡭ô֪ȫ¡
ɿ֣ЦţǾͿ˭ȽϺá
㲢Ļѣȴġĵĵ
⣬ôܣ㲻ŵ
Լѣ˶
վˡ
λӮˡϸϸشĩЦȥĺʱﵽ¥Ȼ˴ȥݺݺ
˵ű߳ż䣬ʧ¥ݿڡԽԥǰ಻סеĺ棺ôģ
Ĳַӵ֡Ĵεô򵥡֮ҡЩ֣Ϊһװ˴ŷۣӦôдʯԴٿӵĵ
ôıĵģԽʵ
ʳָϵİָȡŵԡ
ӱ˹ȥ
֮ǰŻὫָѸϣûעԽȻϵİָӣȴ޷Ӧһһ⣬Լôҡģ
ҡĹ켣СʱƴҶĵϵɨ̶ֳȣҲҲԡ
͹٣úáǰ˹
ӹĵû߷ָһۣת뿪˶ĳ
ʲôʸҲһ
ʥ̵ĽȻҶĵ
ȷʵûĻôܵϽ쳣䣬û˿˼
Ǽ򵥵СϷ´ǿĳҲųǧԽ⻺գļ
ȴûЦ£㻹Լɡ
治ӡԽ̾˾䡣
ƻʱ֣˻ص˻ɽ
ɽɵĵû㱨ĽջͨĿջȥ̽ˣ˵ǱߵһСǷսңǲ뵽˿ջ
ô˵ɽµĲ˹Ҳпܲǲ˹еˣǲľԱˡɽƽ
ֻпܶѣˣȻҪȵһ
ŻϵŮӽ״ı־ȷʵͲ˹йءڵ
ţȥһ¥˷Ҫ鷳սȥλݺݺˡ
鷳Ӧұд˴㡣
¥һ¥ľ¥¥Ͼǲ˵Ļɫشˡ
ʱ֣ؽ¥һ¥ڵ˲ˡ
ûеʱҲʱ档
װѰĿòˣȻиӴ˽ײϡ
ǺԼĶͷÿ֣𣿡
Ѿˡ
ʲô֣ʵ
ҽǷ죬ֽǺС
ϿŮƵ
ҸյġǺƺһҲָָϵİѣ磬
á׸Ҩһ룺С̡
áһҴСûҵ磬ҵɡ
ˣ׼һӡԽЦ
Ҫ˵˾䣬ؾһۡ
ˣˣҴˡԽæ
˵䣬һŮӼҴҵ˽¶˿ţֻ¶һ˫۾ȴȣһǸӡ
һ˳Ʒŵϣȥ§סĴȡ
ˡŮǣ֣ö
ҺȻð׼ҲıӰ
Ҳ䵽Ůӵϡ
ֻ̨ף˿Щ¶ǵ޵ĺơ


70
ңһΪҪ
ʱ, һǰ¥Ķ¥
һԵƿţһƬɫĹ⾰ǵصĺ񴹵, 춥һһĳס, һ˿϶
谵ڲĳк, ԵЩɭ
һŮڷڵ룬ǰ
Ůعͷ, ǳЦ⡣
ԼݣǺʥ̴ôõкҲ֪ʥνǸӢɣ֪, һʼһ㡣
ǡЦһҲԡ
ƽࣺң˹̵Ľںδ
ý, Ҳ֪Ůץ½ǽһԼǰ
Ĳ֪𣿡۾Ҫ֪ɽɵظ, ûȷе֤ʱɱ޹ԲŻǰ顣ȴһ
ɴɱɷŹ
ĻаŨŨľζѰŮ־ʵش𡣿ɴȻѰŮӡ
ūҺú¡Ůӵ˾䣬ͻȻϮȥ
ûȵס˫֣谵, ָݵС
ݺݺ, ȴֻܵر󷨺ͻϵİĥ
һ¥Ĵ, ڰŮĺۡ
һ˻Żŵش¥, ¥ϳˡ
üͷһ, ¥ȥ, ҶĽ
ʲôˣпʵ
СС, ĳԲˡЦŻص
Ů˿ơӻгȡһѳĲ˹̵ܽģ
ϴŲȻһֲԤС
̵ܽģŮ΢΢һЦ쵽ĺȻһ¡
ϵĺɢƿ
һʬӶϵֱֱ䵽ϣϲżöʥ̵İǰСк
Ůӱϵʬ壬ˮۿвϵӿ˳
ջеĳͷߡ
ǰô£
ӼҽϵıǣӲ˵ǲ˹̵ˡ˵ǰѽ̡˵ĻҴ֡ŮָָԼϵ˿ڣҵĺңҵ°Ҳûѹ
Ц׿˵ǲ˹̵ˣжҶ֡
öǰ¥µŮӡ
ǲ֣㶼Ӧ˼޹ֺαȡӵ
⺢ˣɱġ
˵һĸôö˶˵˺Լĺӡ
ԭڲ˹ȴѰЦһΪĸһ˶䵱𣿡
еĳζŮӿ޵øġ
ĺ󱳣ԣ˹ͽȴȻԾ뷿ڡ
벻С˶Ϊ׵Ľͽڵһٺҡ
ѾǶϾ˹ϵŮΪλϷŹҡ
һǲ˹̵ˣǲ˹̵ˡΪ׵Ĳ˹ͽǲ˹˵߾ߣ˵˾ˡ
˹ͽ˦ֱֱŮӣν¡
˷˵ز˾ǻػɽᡣ
һ·ϣŮرҺӵʬ塣
һֱ˻ɽɣŽеʬ¡
ɽƽȥƽˣ㻹ʲô˵
͵ĻѾ˵ˡ㲻ңֺαضԡ
ʥ̵Ľµ񣬻̬ȡƽ㿴ĸλһ㡣
ڳ˽Ȼϵˣ֪ΪΣЩѹ
ں˵Ŀȴںһ˵Ŀ
ҵĺӲꡣŮӸֿҵһھ¥Ҳٻؾ¥ӵİѶ𡣡
һˡƽ
ˣĸӶ磬ûаĵطλָ÷ںδŮʵ
ҶҪǺʥ̺Ҳ˴ƽʹļ׵ɥ֮һɽһٰ죬һɽɵλ
ʦ²ϹءɽɶӶȰ
ϹصǴһɽڡƽָ˵ںɽĴڵһҽ㲻ͽٹ»ɽײݹҲ

¥ڣ߲ķš
ѩޱ
ɳȥ¶ѱˡ
޷ѩޱĵ³˱ɣֻǿĺӡ
ȷʵֻÿɰ̾Ϣ
ԽǿɰԽܼǵͬġѩޱԹа˵ɽɵžһĸ׵Ļʥ̴ħͷĻ
ɽɵɽɻشʦƵġ֪թһϳɽɣҲҲȥԵʥô˵Ҳǽһа̣˵æˣ˵վͺͻɽͷˡ
ǡѩޱЦǽʱȥɽ°ɥ࣬ɽɡ֮գǹƻɽ֮ʱ
ߣԼߡƽ
δ߷ָԼ
ؿ룬ʲôشľڵʧһ
Ůӵһ˿ţڸȥνҶѾˡ
˳֮ʱһԾл
ʥ̵Ľͽе
һ㵽ʱڵǰ㲻ǻܲ㡣
ҼȻѡ㲻һɽɵɽûŵ޷
ãáƽҧгݵظƵѵսд˾᲻㽫Ļᡣȥɽϼӷأ׼˵Ƚ벽
ʦɽűǲ׼˵ȽġɽɵĵСƽһۣ
ƽĻĬתȥ
ҲɢȥڿŮӣʲô֣
ūݺݺݺݺ֪˺£Ҷ˺Ҷ֮ԾδҲ̫ˡ
ˡļ簲οһúõسڶ
ҴʦǡҶĿԶεҡҡͷʵҲôսĻ
ҺĿһڵçײ֮ˡȷʵ˵Լǰѽ̣˲ʧɱ
ǷΪβ˵Ҷĵ
˳Ůӵ뷨ߣ߳ǿԳô˻ѻɽĲ˹ͽһ򾡡
ҶĵͷսŻѹɣû
㣬ںġΪԼû£ΰ˶٣ɫĮȻңһΪҪ


71
ƭҵһΣƭҵڶΣΪҪ㡣
, Ǻοࡣʥ̵ĽͽĪǲ㣬Ǹɴʥ𡣡
ҪȻǻΣա
ĪۼѾ̾˿
ݺݺ, ҵ˻Խ, ֪ɷ񽫰ٻ̽ҡ
ҪʲôԽʵ
һʱ, Ҳܰæ
Խ֪ٻ̶ãɱϾҲǲԽɵĶҩ, ԼԼӡ
ûõģ
áԽӦӻóٻ̵ݸ
лֵ֡
סΪƫƧҹ˾֮ʱ, ݺݺСضķ⡣
ֽһȼ˰ٻĩ, ͨһСͲ뷿ڡ
ͷҹȴû顣һɽʯ˹Ȼ⡣
ҶĴ, ƺܸܵȵĺղЩ졣
ǷֿȥͷҶԳٶ۵ģôˣ
ҶĻعګګҵʦֵڻû, ʲô˰ɡ
ҲˣüĸӽЩ߲ɽ, ȥңȥҡ
áҶԥƬ, , һҪСġ
šӦ
˯úܲ, һȴѵûجΡ˷Ľֵ, һ˵ıӰ, ȥôؿɼ
ǸӰվԶƻɺĵطƺںͱ˵Щʲô
ǰȥȴһƬԼԽԽԶ
ƾôߣ޷
Ȼѣ߳˲㱡ֲãȴԼֽŷ·˳ȡ˽᲻
Ŵƿݺݺ˽
ʵ¹⿴ˣʲô
ʲô㺦˼ĺӣôôɡһľݸݺݺ
ľ޼úܲ룬滹ĵ̡
ݺݺľĵײߵǰ
⣬صЦôһĺôҪ˼ҡ
ݺݺ⣬һĴȣҾҪΪҵĺӱ𡣡
˭Ҹǿʹ⿪ڵ׽˾ˣɱʱûһ˿ѹ𣿡
ݺݺһ䣬˷㽫ק˵ϣľͷȥ
ְ̧˼ҵͷһ
ľϵĵ̴ֱۣ¶ƤϾͨĲˡ
㲻Ǻ˵ô˵ˣ˵ݺݺһ̲ͣؽľʶЩģ
סݺݺˣպԾл˻ɽǱҲý
ݺݺ¶⣬ƿսľĺȥ
Ҫҵ֮ʣһƿԼ
һеľϳ롣
ý֮˵־͸ʣµľݺݺУָⷢ顣
ֵܣô
Ҷļҹ飬䣬ҹһ㡣
սʣݺݺ֪㱨УǰȻѾ˵ǳ뵱գɱδⲻϹء
ҵĺôңôܷڶݺݺȻ
㷽ŻûڶôƵ
ǰݺݺڵ㿴Ѿôˣ˰ɡ
㶮ʲôݺݺǰ֣󻼣վһԣĿƽȴмǿѹȸС
ֻ÷߷߲ƽеľתȥ
׷˳ȥ
ץֱۿ˿ϵ˿ȻأƤﻹЩľͷĵ̣ȴûʲô֮ǡ
εôô³һ䣬
𱸣ȴֻů
һ̣еʹ·Զȥˡ
Ļ˿磬ҶԲԡ
ƭҵһΣƭҵڶΣΪҪ㡣
˵꣬ϵĶҲ³Щӵ˴ϡ
ʹƺ
ΪҪҹݺݺ
ҶİѰʦ֣ҷ˵Ĳ𣿡ػ
쳣䣬Ŀʵʰɨ
о¶ʹȴûʹ
˾䣺ûС
ջߣ߳˷š
·ͥԺڵľ˼ʯӡ
˭ʥ̵Ľͽ׷׾ѣһӰԾ˸ǽæȥ鿴״
ƺأ˸աЩͽڵľ˳˿ͿЩҩࡣ
һҹȥ㽵
ݺݺװµػصãҹ賿
ʱԽԽȣԭڳǰŸɵʳ²˹̵Ĺƶڴ˵أʵǸ޴ı
»ɥڣҲɽѩޱǵݺݺ˼ȥдһŸԼ㡣
͵дǷţϵһֻӵĽϣӳ˷⡣
ŸʮףսһƬ֣
ȡǷţս˻
ʱţתۼ䵽˳աݺݺʱ֪ͨѩޱȡ˼ƻܱƵأԼĴ˷Ҳֵá
ڹƻɽɣԼص¥ӳ顣
˼䣬ɽɵ˹ɽΪõɥ࣬һĺӷᡣ
ݺݺ¹лţֻ˷أҵĺӲĿ
ƽݺݺģԻΪֹȻȣ㲻Ҳ
ݺݺۺᣬĬĬص˵ͷȴȻ춯ɽɵɽŻ򿪣һɥ˽
ݺݺ̧ͷȥһ۱ȺпԼĽ㡣
ĵãƴضѩޱʹɫ
ѩޱȴΪڰʾԼ¾㱸͵Ż˸ɫ
ݺݺһʱĹƽļ㿴Ϊ࣬𣿡
ݺݺ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ƽתµӵأ
սû
ǾȥƽǻɽҲôһأҿܶ㵽ʲôʱ򡣡
󲡳ڳرߵ͵͵ؿš
ҩȻܼк
ֻҪŹһʱ̱ɣƽҲҩˣ㶾㲻ʲôӹҩõķȥ
˽ѵ룬ƽ̤˽ڵսǰӦ£û˰ɡ
ԲĹײǰδԥ˵ҩѪǻ£αЩȣ˳Źײĵ䵽˵ϣûϢ
ѲµǼһĻȴЩĲ̡
ʥ̵ĽԶšƽȻˣȫʬɡǰɥ񣬱㽫Ѱطˡ
˵Ƶᣬʥ̵ĽͽŭĿӡ
ʱѳСһԵɥԱߺһѩޱźŰеذףϮȥ
ƽʶýѩޱĹŻ켣Ĳ˹ˣٳٶ۵طӦ˹ǾȻƭҡ
ѩޱЦǰͷΪɥô졣ĹƶʲôҶ־ܡ
ѩޱ˵űӻͳһ֧ǵѣ
һɫ
ѩޱŵؿݺݺݺݺ㣬ƻб䡣
ѩޱһתߡǰסѨλ
ɵĵӷ׷׳֣˹̵˿Ѻڵϡ


72
쳣ƽƽһྻĲĳ
ʥ̵ĽͽæһҩƿŵıǼȡ
˹
, ˹̵Ľͽ¡ɽɵӵ
㡣ƽݺݺ̾
Ҳңֻ㶵ضŵ棬̧ͷ
͵͵ؿ, ǰȻ, Ǿʳ˹, һ򾡡
д⡣ƽЩ²̨ȴԲϵͷ
Ҳ, ɽɵŴŸʥ̻ԹѾãػظԼĻס
˷ֻǣӦ˭أ
ҽһѶֶ, 罻ڵ
ɵǰδ˵Щ, ׷׿ڵҲá
ʱۣպ
ԵøЩû˿תļ
ﳣѶ, 汻ʳ˲˹̵ܽ䡣
ڿɽУ˵˹еĸֶˡƾǼóȻǰȥ²ǵĶ֡
˵˻ƫͷ¡
ɫףִŵ㲡̬ĺΡ
Ҳžһ¡
Ȼ, 򽭺еĸɹ㷢Ӣ˷
šֻҪи, ȥҲץͽеĴԼ, ߳š
Ĵѩ׷, ɡ, һ߽ѩ
Ҷ, Զѩѵõ, ǼиϰסֻҪҹʱֶѳһЦСˣٶԸ³ɡ
𣿡عʵ
ҶܸܵĲɣСʱһ󲡣˺ܶҽҲûпáͶ˸СˣҵĲͺˡ
һգֻҪҹʱֶѳĶԣȻʵҶļȤЩЦӦš
΢΢ͷЩ˼ҹʱ֣㡭ôСˡ
áӦ
Ҷû뵽һܽչˮɣһȻԼˡ
ֱҹʱֿӰʱЩγĴ
ѾͿˣ֮ЦҶһԵ
ѵ쳣רעˮƽƺҶĶҪ߳١
ôҶ˼ˡ
ЦЦԸ
ӯѩĽëϣϢЩ㰲á
Ҷһϵѩ˹ȥ
һӵѩ΢΢ü
Ҳôÿ
̧ȥϵѩϵѩ飬һء
磬ҴˡҶվȥˣܱĵҰɣҲˡ
ҹķ͸ߵķ϶˼Ƭѩ
΢΢عڴϣϵĽ
Ǹ֣עû˰㡣Ҳû˻ϲ㡣˶ȥԶǹһˡ

ΪҪɱΪ㣬˶

ӣ㲻ҪѹһҪΪұΪұ𣡡
ٴδجоѡ
Ϊ岡أجεƵԽԽߡ
ƽƫԶԺ˳ᵽϺվ
ȥ΢⡣
߳ţѩϵյմѩơڵδһСƬءѩСˣ΢΢ǡ
ѩؼ׷֡
磬ˡˡҶı˵߶İϥϣ
Ҷƽ˺ȴûĻػתȥվѩѩ
쳣ƽƽһྻĲĳ
̨ȴûǣһطȥˡ
硣Ҷỽ
еϲŭֶһ۽ˣȻȥɡ
šҶӦԥΣδڱһ׷˳ȥ
˳Ľӡһ·׷˹ȥףһڽǰѩ
ϸѩķ䣬ֱͨ죬ӰҹɫԵ
ĵĽź͵ǻΪһǰȥһקвôҹĲ˯ѩԼò𣿡
Щ£ðһԼĻ˯š
˯Ҳڷڹšض˫ۣ˲˹֮㰮ôô
ڣ㲻׼
ק˾ؽ˷ڡ
ľŷһҵ죬˪ѩһůķڣ޴²Ծؿ
³ؽ°һԵԡסͷصز˲
һԵţԺвϵظֳǰѩ￴Ļ档úԼºȴʹ
ã̲סڵҶأȥôѩʲô
ڳԴ𣿡ЦһʵʲôʸԴףΪС³Դףʥ̵Ĵҵ㲻ϧƭҵĴۻĻͼֽ
磬Բ𡣡
ֻ˵Բô°ͣ㵱ݼȥˣϲңȴװһӡ
һһٵġ
ɫ쳣԰ף˿̵ĻԺеĻغǸ֣ҵΪҪ㣬ġ
Ժ죬˰㣬̶ֻûжóء
㷢˻ˬࡣƺΪԼҵ˽ȥල
ǷҵģԶҲ塣Ժһÿҩһڸҿ
۾ûУ
Һģʧǵص˵ͷ
ҩѳϰߣΪҩĥĥ䣬æܻǡҲҴߴͬ
Դ˿ҩĲ£ÿÿҩʱŽĲϱҩһҲӡ
һʼʥ̵ĽͽվԶԹۣԼҵĽ⡣ϾĵĽҩϡ
ǸоڣԼҵĽ˵࣬ȥЩ˳
ҲɫЩЩҲûĶԼҽ֡
ǽҲܴ¡
ʮҩֱһ˼ա
һ²ĲʹȬˡ
ڻɽɵ˽һ£ȴûмӦӢĺٸ˵ء
ǻ᲻ֱȥ£Խ
ûܡǰӢϵĵصֱӸڿɽ£ճڵ
Ҳá˷
ӻȥڼ书пɵĵѡ
š˷Ӧ
˴Ӵ˳׷׳ɡԼסȥ
硣Ҷѩƣһֱûҵʱ仹㡣
Ҳȥҹˣֻûҵֽӹлл
Ҷĵ΢΢Щ죬һʱû»
⻺գڵǸͦõģҵԸʵˡ
𣿡Ҷʵһʱɡײɡ棬ɡϵİѩ
ǸҶĽŵ
ûϵΪεôС£´βõǸ
뿪˵Զĳ˶֣ʦ֣ѡһ
ϡӦҶĵˣ𡣡
ҶıӰ룬ҵԸûʵ֡


73
ʲôĻдһ˿Զ׼Ľţߡ
˳ȥ¡
ɽɵ¾ٽ֮, ֻػɽ˶Ӷͺ༸Գڵĵǰ
˷˵ѵص˿ɽ£֪м˹
ɽɵĵûмرڵġƵʦдź˵иֺĵСöڷ, ȥ, ѾܺҵĽᲢˡ
˶, Щ˼ȻҵĽҲܳڡ
ɽǰ˴ѣµ, Ҳ˷
ǧɽǰӺǶ겻ԸҲһ˶̾Ϣ
ʣµĻзԽɡԽɡɽɺһЩĽɡԽ
ԽɵشƫԶԽɵڸոշһڶ, ɽɼǰֻɽɵĵˡ
ǸĴ㡣˷ɽλõɮʦ˹̵ռ, ˵ʦҲǵĶ֣˹ڵĸֿܶóǵ󡣡
˵ݽȻ˼֣;˺üС, ˿ɽ¡
ɽµջԼõĽͷص㡣˷̤ջÿ̶õһŷ
ڴЩƬ̺һϤ״˷š
Ī峽üˣǽں, Ϸ, ôĥĥģǽô
˷ǸȻЦЦ
Խӡ,Խ͢,ɽҶ̡µ˷׷, ҽܵһһк
˵ʵ, û뵽ǻԽĪ峽
˹Ǳߵа, Ⱦָԭ֣˵ĵˡĪ峽ҺǣĻԽЩС֮ССȷһߡ
ᵧȥĪ峽Լ֣˶Сǧɽɵ˻ôᡣ
ʱǧĪ峽ڵµĺɽɽһҡŵǾʦϽһʯ̨޵ĵӱʯ̨ϴĥ־ɹɡҲǿɽŵ
ҹ˵¡Ī峽ۺɵؿʱǧǡ
ǾһˡʱǧǵÿѡεӺסֵҪΪϿʯ̨һһÿ̭ĵӲɽ£ǵ֮С
ʦˡ˷ҡͷ
˵ǴˣֹͺãġĪ峽ֵ
յƻͨ˵Ϣҹķؿ϶ȰҪиЩǲҹ¡ڵ
ҲôġԽ
̫ɽһʱ䣬СƬ̣һʱƽӻֺƵֱۣʦ֣ʦҪҴ
Ӧתȥɽɵڵĵط
˵ϢȴûжϢŸɶΪĴս׼
һʱ󣬽˿ɽµſڡ
ɽɵ͵˿µĴţСĽǱڡ
µͥԺ˿أֻһ󺮷紩ͺͺ֦⣬ϵĳ
Եķһ˷ǰƿţһƬӲӵķ
ųţߴʮףƽ𲭣̬¡
ԻնԵˡһۻ¡
޴ķ·𱻾޴ǣţײ
ڵܣǷ񴩹˾ֱײţֱײһ޴İӣǶǽ壬סʱ·
նԵˣ볬ԵˡĪ峽δ
䣬ܱߵʮ׷ƶǣţϮ
˳֮⡣
˷ó𵶿Ľȴǽ쳣ӲϺ⣬еȳѺۡ
ŸɵеҲ׷׶ѡ
ԽúƳɵѻؽɫı㣬ȴҲ޷롣
ջػؽɫıǷ
ʯԽȻü֮ΪӲĸʯġ
ʯϡ֮ôĺʯ˷üܽʮ񣿡
˻δ˻Ӧ˾С
һûбǽԳб
زݵŦڷĶҲ޷ǰٻ
ַԴı㣬ע뽣ԴĽһ㵭
ǿĽϯǰ̨ϨǮƴӵصĹ㵹ƱƮɢڿС
ϵĳҲ֮˲Ծ˫ۡ
þȫŦȥһҵһֹͣƶ
һһ׷׵ͷ˵Ϯ
ߡϵûڴ˵غ棬ֻΣա
ýп´󱯷ƵһػǣסһĴ󱯷
˷˾ƣǿаеĲ̣˵ߡ
еӵжû˵Σأǵڷǰ֮ϣǳ˭Ըڴ˵أȥˡ
Ҷ¶ɣһǵǿ˴˵ء
ϴ󱯷ߵŦȻǿķ
Ͻ㿪ԼŲȴǦء
Ƭ̺ԤеϮûеתȥϲĻߣӷļͷ䵽˷ϣǿŤת˷ƵĽ
ʲôĻдһ˿Զ׼Ľţߡ
ɢĿ꣬еɣеĵӣҵṦõġƽĻתأǶû֮뿪ȻУҿûǣסǡ
̫Σˡһ䣬ýһ¹
㡭ûоԣ¡
˶һ϶£۷ʲô׸ı䡣
һԾһϣǵĹû߿˷ֲתᣬסǵж
ǿгԼרעڷĻŦϡ
ǣƣûܵĸš
ʱ˳ʣʮ
棬岻Ծ³ЩðԴ壬ָЩ飬ѵõЩ
ԴлҪľ޴ʹ豣֤նһ֮
硣ַסûжˣϸҲûжˡ
ƿ
磬ô𣿡ץ佫ַԼļϣδҾ㣬㲻ҪƿҺòá
ûлػȴҲûƿһ·Ĭ߹


74
ʥĲɣδҲ̫ǲ˹ˡ
Ǹһ, ִ˵ѷһս˹̵Ľͽ͸ɵĵӽ
Ѫˮ˹ȥִ, ڲԶ˵Ӱ
˵ºɽɽ, ɽǰһʯ̨
૵ԭһط
ǡ˶̽ͷȥ, ˹ҽ
Խһ˻ôΣա
ʯ̨ĶҲһɽ, һʯ̨ɽϡȣӦþǲ˹̵Ľ
ʮһݲ͵Ĳ˹ˡ
һͽڲԶϢվš
ά˹, ǰӦԭľĸɡ
𣿡ά˹ǣڵͲµǻ, ѩޱǸͽ϶ʲô¶˵˰ɡȻ·Ӣۺú˵أʹ˻Ҳ˹̡Ǳ֤һǡ
վӦþǲ˹̵ĳϰɡﶼʮ, ʮ޺𣿡Ī峽
ⷬҪƲԳԷˡһ׷ü˽
αظһʶά˹ڵȻǲԸ룬ǾЩƽľ
ָָԶʯ̨ٶȥʯ̨ϻһС, Ϸдţ̨ݶʮˡ
ά˹Ǹʮʯ̨Ӧս, ҽڵĳ䣬ǲ˹Դ˻, , ǰڽϰ䲼һ򽭺, ϽհҲ˹, ƾҽ̲ǲ
˷¶ɫ˵ȶԼغŸɵ档
, òӦ£䡣
Ƿ˲˷ü
Խڵð죬Щ˽׳
߻֣Ǳ߸ŸɵһЩҲʼ˽
սǱ޿ɱܡ
ǿ϶Ҫģֻһʯ̨ϣһ˹̵ʹթô졣
ǰ¾ҽʱһڣֱʯ̨һʯʯ̨ܲסôԭĵӻǶеĳ϶һغˡ
˹̵ĳϾ棬Ӧò
˭֪أǽء
ԽһŴ˻̾ϢôΣյľ˭Ըȥͷ񡣡
˷һתԲ˹Ӧս
á˹Ƶˬ졣
˷ת˵ɽɴӹ˷Ӧսλ˭Ըǰ
˽Եͷ
ǰɽɶ
ɽɽڵӳ˶
ԽɴӻԽ
ɽɴơ
ɽɵҶġ
ɴ
ɵҶġ
ɽɶӶ͡
Ī峽˿Ĭˣ̾Ϣû취ˡ
ǰһǧɽɴĪ峽
һ󣺡ǧɽɶʱǧǡ
˶ƽһξǧɽɵö
̰֮飬˷ˣǲԸȣֻǻһˣڵ˭ԸӦս
˽񣬵ͷ
ڵʥν
һڳ죬˹̵Ļ̌ͷһۡ
û뵽ʥ̵ĽҲ˸ӣԸɵĶԸҽ̡ά˹ζϧЩеġ
డ
п󣬸ЦûϵǾʮ˶ʮˣƽԾ
ǵ˵ʲôƽԾͲÿЦ𣿡Խ
Ҳûа취ǰĹؿҸǵĿ飬ʵҲû뵽˵ءά˹ǾȻͨˣҲǴֲҶ׼Ҳһֹƽɡ
ޡǿʶĪ峽
ά˹ķĺܺ棬ʮǵʮϳֶܳǾôͨġЦز̫ɰɡ
ָ΢΢Щս磬ҪҪһˡ
ҡҡͷ
˷Ҳע⵽Ĳʣ˾ǿһ£˭ı䲻ˡ
䵽ʯ̨ϣʯ̶̨ţʲôʣ㲻ϵҺ塣
ʯ̨ϷֲʮԵ쳣ͻأ
طǺͨʯ̨ûҲסʱȫԽʯŹͨ
ɡά˹ߴٵˣǧȥʯ̨Ե֮ǰиͽСմһ£ֶֻˡ
˶岻Ծض˶ֶ񺮡
ʮ˾վʯ̨ϣ˫ʼս
һֱվԶĵط˹
ɵĵӱóľƷûҲûӰ졣
ԽõǺƳɵ˫ҲܶԸ
¼ӽȻƹϳˣȴվԼܲ˳֣·硣
·磬ȴҲûгʲô
뽹ơ
ά˹ʱ̽һֱԶһ˵ߣǸֳһĨζЦݡ
ʥĲɣδҲ̫ǲ˹ˡά˹


75
սپ¶˾ģֵ
˹̵ĳǱ, Ҳ֧穡˻˶սĶ֣׷
Ӧ˲Ͼһ, Լ˻б
һ, еѪ
ŵؿ
еĻ, Գվ
ôǷֿˡά˹Цʥ忡, Ҳ᲻˺㡣ɴҲ˹̣֪жٲ˹ŮϸŸ㵱Ѿء
ɫ
һվȣ˹̵ǰ, һȭ
ֽӹһȭ΢ת, һ˵Ĺȥһļ
һѵ죬彩ӲصڵϡֱƬ̺, ʹвɽӿз΢ġ
󷨣˼˹۾Щ
ϱôһȥ̱ˡ
ʯ̨Ŀڶɽϣֻά˹Ѹٵذ», ʯ̨ڲͨɽµż, һѸٵʯ̨
˳Բΰʯ̨΢ҡһ, żѸ˻ȥ
Ÿɵĵӽµ˵߸ʮ, Ϊò˹, ȴƻء
Ŷôƻˡά˹еطʵ, һʾ, ΰĽͽصĳʯ̨
ûҽֻð˼ƺ̡
ά˹ͺϹô
Ÿɵĵӽһ亹ҶĿ̨µҽŲЩȡ
¶¶һ֡ά˹
ĿĽͽӦнߵľ޸
ýסУϵĽ΢΢͹¶ЩȵؿȻҲû뵽ԼȻܽ¡
ûȥ¶ؿһػʯ̨Ե
վΣȥ
˷ߣѵغ೤϶սš
¶һӵЩȣһקĽŽ˦˳ȥ
ʦ֡ҶʶؽһƽŵһʱģĳϾһ
ۼҶĽ˦ҽ֮УûѸٵסס
ıճһĺۣþȫʱˣֺ
˿ڱѣ༸Ҳ֧ȥսذܡ
ǿԴֲϵ
ڵ߶
սپ
һס֣ü
սپ¶˾ģֵֹͣ˻
¶⵱ͷ޸ƿγһεķ磬Ʋɵ
¶оԼϵ񱻹ɼǿѹţá
ֻǿ˼УĶ֣ջؾ޸ȥ
󷨵ʮءά˹ıһ˿ңȻʮء
ҷġԽΪǿĹ䷴ҲԽ󡣿ʯ̨϶֣˲ˡһİСӵ
˵öԣά˹ҿο˿ͷ
֮ڣ˸ҽ𽥳ַת͹˷ʮһλѹס¶Ҳ޴ʹ
ûõĶά˹޷޵ְ̧һأʯ̵̨죬һб
ץסЩصĳϻҵ
ʯ̨ϵֻʮ㣬׷״ʯ̨ϻ䣬ҽС
ֻһƴһۼֿ߿ģһ
Ҷĵڵϣ˳һʯ̨»䡣ס
ʯ̨ת˹
¶һʯһץסĽţУҡ
û߿
ҿܼŵáά˹Ц
ֲѪҽ
ϰӺʯ̨Զؽת˻
Ҷˤϡ
磬Բ𡣡ҶĿ˵ֻҵҸһ¡
áĻδҶѾԼϵĲ˺һĴ˿ڸס
ֻ꣺㲻̫𣬾㲻㣬ҵֻǻˡ
ĬĬؿǱߣ¶߽л
ά˹ٶȿأ¶޸˦ά˹ܣǸתĿر޸һ£׻ٻ
ά˹ҡͷ¶ô꣬Ƣô˱ꡣ
Ҫǡһµĳǰ˿һư붼
û뵽ãһά˹̾
ٷϻʯ̨ڲżܷһȥ
ҷôܱ֤ǲӳά˹ʵǾʹɡȻı£Ҳö档
˹ϹԶš
Σթά˹͵͵ЦյؿǹԮվʯ̨ϡ
ڸǺã˷
̶ʯ̨ϵҺʹ˲ڻ޷ͨص±ߡʱǧǵսĻߣҲ˵Ƿ㹻ָι̶ԣҲδܳܵסô˵
ѵֻܵôԽü
һ취¶㻹ȥ±Ѳ˹̡
˴ңֺαؼΪ¶ԥ
Ǿͺðˡ˦ȥ
ʲô˷һŵؿ
ûа취İ취¶Եеľ޸غǵ޼Ȼ԰Ѿ޸˦ĿأҲ԰˦ɽ¡
ԡ¶
粩һѡµ
¶ص˦˳ȥ
˦һɽ£ƨڵϣ۵ֱС
ŸɵĵǰõסĲӡ
Ƕͻȥɡ¶
¶µľˣ۵
ά˹ص֣ʥἺΪˣԼ¶ôˣûԼô졣
ǿ㷽žҵķϲŴӦ¡¶סһҪһŻȥ
Щ֤Ȼ
˦ϣǿ֮ĩȥѲ˹ˣɾ㡣
á¶侲þһ˿˦ɽ¡
áά˹ԵӴһά˹˹ͽ˦ԼѸٴҵȥ
ûסĲλڿתеĻ˲ʱΪһѳл˹ĺһϸ΢Ѫ
ӯ䵽ϣմ˵ɫѪա
׶൱ɾ䣬ŸɵĵĲЩֹҴʱ˿ʥ̵ĽվԼߵġ
Щ˹ͽԼҽҲΪҽеļԩ꣬׷ɢ
ԣĻء
ʯ̨ڲżͨɽ¡
ͷЩѣ󷨵ĸÿʼ֣½᲻
̫ˡҶǳЦѲ˹̽ˡ
һֱϣް˿
ȥҶĺȻһ˵ϡ
ôˣʵ
Ҷץס½ǣԾķ˿磬еܡ
ƿԼĵڵҩˣҵİƣǽҩ֮Ϣձá
һʦҪǳˣҲû֪𣿡
֪ˣ֪ˡӦ
֧ڻϣסΣϵĺ˳ջ䵽ʯϡ
¶ͨż棺л벻Ĺ󡭡
¶΢Щû°ɣ
û¡Ӧջȥ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


76
㲻⡣Żߵĵز
ǿȥҵʦ, ˵˹̵˹ĳ˷
Ƿ˳ŷһ·ûټ᲻ᱻصɽˡ˶ӻ
пܡ
Ҷķ˽ҩ, ɫЩ̫ÿƵվ, ק½, ڵϡ
̾˿ĬȻƬ̿ڵ㲻ô
Ҷ֡
Ҷĵ˺, վЩ
԰ĬĬؿסҶġеǵִȴǿ, ҪԼճһĨҽ
Ĭվһԣµָһս
ڶɽѰ, ڰɽҵʦĵǡ
ڴлλʩʦڰãȴ˿Ǳ̬֮֮Բڡ
ʦؿ˷
˺µķҵһǰ
һƬǽ, ʮĽ𲭱ƣŦҲƻ
Ǻᵹڵϣͷϱۡ㡣һķ
ӷ𡣡ʦصķ˿ص˾䡣
ʦôˣ˷
, ֻǲ֪λСʩ, µʮ󡣡
µʦܡ˷֮ԺҼʦ۽϶ÿףʮ, еĽܳҡ
ԹӢ۳갡ʦ
˵, ˼ĨӰǶȥ, ƽżɽɵĵӸˡ
ʦ𡣡
šʦƽǾɽ, дֵ
ʦƽ
ʦ, ˿̲ڻɽɾ¾ŵĽӴ𣿡ʵ
ѾˣҲǵˡƽڵҲǲŹû뵽ǾȻѾ˲˹̡ʵڳҵϡ
ʦӻſǶˣЩɶӢۣ֮ҵй֮޲
˷ܾʦ֮дЩ̣ȴҲûԾ
λҵЩʳɡʦ
ʦһ˵ƽ
ʦӦȥƫš
µķҵŸŸɵĵڵá
Ҷĵɫ԰׵ͬһŰֽص˵ϡ
һ԰½󣺡ô£
ްġܡܼͺˡ
죿θ
졣˵Ӧ
磬ҺܡҶյЩԺ
ȻȥϢҵȻŸ͹ȥоٳԵ㶫ҶĵʶѾ̫Ϊȷֻ߸
䣬κǶܱЩ
ҶĲ̫ˣôҲȥκλһֻץס½ǣܵü˵
ȥҶĴ˿̵״̬ȥܻᵱʣѯϵ
Ҷ˵ʲôֻҶķá
Щ˾ʡ磬뿪˴˵ء
лֱ˵ʦƽ˵ƫſڵ
ʦ֪˷ǰ˲˹̣ʥ̵ĽҲСƽ˽Եʥܶѹ˿ʥǣΪ˹ǹͬĵˡĸѳǷʥȥڷŻɽ
ôŵ˼ǡ
µ²޴ΣĴ˺ͽʮܸлġ
ʲôô
˺ƽ٣ٷϴˡһɽԵƽһƱʦС
ſˡȥһа̣ƶɮԵΪʦ£ģǳȻһЦӷ𡣡
߳ã¹һѩЩʪ¡
㻹ðɡʥ̵ĽͽһԿõսľ
û¡Ӧ
Ƕ֪Լҽϲ׽ײҲֻڲԶ㱨¶ӵɵ˼ǲ׷ڰҪʳ˹ر͹䡣
಻գǸǸй֡ڴ˵أʳʲôٻȥ
ǡʥ̵ĽͽǽƬ̺Լҽͣ˽Ų
˷ţһűײˡ
ЩʱհԼ࣬ҲΪҪͬԲ˹̡
Ѿ鵽ΪϲԼĽ
ޱջߣתһȥ
ȻȥɡԸ
׷ͣ˽ŲҼǵ˵ҵǰ֣˻ˣ
ÿලҺҩ㻹ϲҵĶԲԣ֪Լڽʲô棬еƫִҿĶڴ˿̷׷ӿ˳
ǡЦһʲôЦΪҲôڲ˹̽ˣ㰮ôô
䵽ϣ룬Ҳ԰㡣
ߴЩ룬δйôһôʧȥʵƫƫˡ
ǰһִرסԼҲ֪Լ
֡䣬ȴûаֿء
δš
˵顣ؼ˼֣֡
Ҫװƽеס
§Լ֣󣬼ѵ
˵Ӧˣȴ֮ˮϸƼζ֡
ǳμ棬ʱ΢һָܲ˺ۡ
ˣ֪ݼ̫ãµݼ̫á
ȥָҪˡʱ֣ϥײСʹʶŶӶ˵ϡ
ѹˡ
Ŷӿϣ󷨵ĵʮأ֪ɵ
쳣ڵ㷽ҶĻطɣĴʦֲǾԱߣΪʲôҪ͡
㲻ڳԴ׺ͷӶܿЦ𣿡ֻƭ˵ЩСһǰˣ֣Ҫİǡܹܾ𣿡
硣ץ½ǣһ㲻⡣Żߵĵز
ĬĬջ֡˵˻ת뿪˴˵ء
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


77
ϧԼܻԼ
ŸɵĵӶѴ, ˷ҵڵʦܣʦҶǰȥҪ¡
˹һ, кҪ£߱ʵ
Ҳ֡˷, ƫˡ
Ŷ, ֵѾ˼ˣԽơĪ峽ʱǧǻлɽɵƽ
, ˡʦƽ
λԽбȽɣҲǸ˵ϻġƽżɽҽʦλǰΪԸһ¡
˴ΰһԸ˹, δмӺǣΪҪԸԽ
Խ˵ûĪ峽ͬǶԸǶ𱨣
ƽԵǲҪȡ, ֻǽһʱ䣬ʦл
˵ɣƺҲ̫׵ƿڵ
ʥ̵Ľʥʲôһа̡ذ, ֻ뼯˵һԿ˹̰ˡû뵽ô˰˵ηȥǷŻɽ
Ҳȡֻһ·ҵѬգͷǰԭ֮һʦһһĵõɮ
Ҳǻʦˮ׼, ֻǾò̫׵˷
Ȼλ㼺, ȥú룬ʱ顣ƽɫЩ, ֻܽݻƬ̡
˴ƫ˳, ɢ
ѩ, Ī峽еɡ, ͷѱһɡס
Īʱƫʱǧǣʦ, 㷽Ϊζ˵
˵ʲôǿǵɽɺãǵﻪɽɺ𣿡ʱǧǵ
Ī峽Щ⣬ʱǧ͵ƽ⣬ǰΪ˺ʥڡǡδš
ʲôţĪ峽
ʮǰƽһСʮȫⶾ֣ʼٸʥ̡
ʮǰǸӰɡĪ峽һʱԣҲ㵽ͷϡ
˼ʥĿʥг𣬾ʥг𡣡ʱǧǵһεĽθɡ仰˵ǰʥܴӷضٳ𲻳ɣ
δҲ̫ԩˡ
ǻԹΪãһҪ̬ʱֱȨաʱǧǿڵ
ҼǵϵǳǻһĽݳǿơôɽһͬ⡣ûǵһƱҲܰȫĪ峽
Ǻοˡʱǧǵ
ǶʦܴĪ峽صʱǧǵļ硣
˽սƽĶۣƽ뷨Լıϣȷʵصʥ̣һƽ˺¾Ļͼֽ½ҡ
ɾʹɣڴ˵أЩĲ̡
ԥţߵƫԺ
ȼ䣬ȥƺǳߡ
ʦδס󲿷ֵĵӶȥһƫϢʮָ롣
¡ĶϸȻجоѣʶ˶ݵĻ
ƫͷԼС
㲻ǲҪʥˡʵ
šѵüԼ˵ӦѾòӡ
֮ǰû˵޷ȫƽͼֽ㾿ƽ˶١
ĬЦվǲԸңһƭҡ
뿪סƽ֮һ
ֱЩԸƭһʱ⶯˵滰˿̲Щ£ҲɽҺͷ
ɾõͼֽʮաĻ쳣侲
磬㱣֤гһ˺¾ޣҾԲðͿ̿һĺ˵԰ҵ
һоͲܿƵסˡҲܷȥ
طסѨ
ɫƽƫȺ˵롣
λضѿгϵͬ⣬Ǿͽڴ˵أ֮Żʥ̡ƽڵ
ʱǧǳҺʹʦ˼ȥҲû㲻ˡ
ˣҲǿƽӻ༸˿ʼ̬
ʦƽͬ⽫½ܸл˷ԽŽŻʥ̡
˽䵽ϣڵ޳ɽ¡
ȥʦƽ༸˽Դ˼ؿ
ƽǿаסеĿ⣺ȻǸɵΪ˽ȷѪ꣬Ǿֻίһʥˡ
ӷ𡣡ʦͷƶɮһлʩ
ƿ˳ȥԽ׷ګګû뵽ͬ⡣
ô𣿡Խǰ಻סʵ
ҵľΪӰҹɫУԵЩް
вòͬɡĬƬ̣ڵ޷²ðա
ֻǵڡ
ڵ¾ǵѡ
ϲһ֮Ϊڳͷ󶼻ͷԼͷϡԽıӰ̾㲻Ҫ˵ѾϲˣҲš
ȷʵϲԳһЦϻϲصĶƩΣƩңҵѡ᲻ıϡ
Խ֪ѾٶԡƫԺѨ
ҵؿסһѨ󣬽µĵײ㡣
ʦƽڴ˵صȺʱ
ʦ¿أŵµ˵µİ
ʵסѨҲ޷Ƕһ١
øǰԼһ㣬ʶס֣Լ󣬶á
ֻƫͷȥ·Ŵ˵ΨһĹů
˿̶Լԣ˺Լ
ǺܿһΣ
һȦµôͨһħͷ˸Ǻá
ʦѾ꣬һʱҲҲõĲˡ
ƽɫظʦ߳ң쿪ڵһǾСֵ˵öԡȵħͷѨһӳȥ
ôŵ˼ʦѯʵ
Ϊ֮ƣֻиùˡƽֻʧȥӳȥĿܡ
Ŵ˾δڲ̡ؿһۡ
Ҳûа취İ취ܱ֤ӳȥѵҹĲԲ˯Զħͷ
ʹƶˣֻд˾޷صʥ̡
֪˷ȷʵУֻ²ȥ֡
ڰԴϵֲԾսһ
ˣ˭ȥءǲҿҾھܳѨʯ̨һʮЩ˿ɶǲ˹̵ĸи֡
ȻˣЩĹҲ¶١ƽӰǽȡߣذסƽֱۣ֮󣬼Ҫƽ뽫Լĸ첲š
侲侲ƽʹò֣æ
ع΢΢ɿ֣Ǹ
һ䣬ƽƵĽߵ˹ȥ
ӹߣȴһֵɽ
ֻж֮ȡ£ͲӰ졣ϵؿοԼ
±ûûأֺγԼƲȡ
Ļûس˳Ǹû
ʪһЩ̫õĻ䡣
ԾرԼ
Ѩѽ⣬Ȼûгûߡƿţһ۾Ϳڽ
硣̧ͷ˫һ˿ʣ磬ҳȥòãʱʥˡ
ǰ㡣˶ٻѣԼ˰ɣ
磬Ҳдżֲ׾Ĳ
ֻܴü䣬һĴ
ȴеļסڱĵϷ̶Ķ࣬ΨһůҴߣҡҾԲߡ
ȫȫҹ߲ݵؿ㡣Ļָ˵粽ҵࣿ
͸ֻɺҪ͸Լָ񶳽˰㲻Ծػһ£һӱĻе
ſеߣͷЩ£ŵؿСʵ磬Ҫʲô
ƿҪȷ㲻ӳȥ
Ҳӵġ½ǣＸ˵㰧󣺡磬㲻ĶԲԡ
е󣬲û
֪ԼһõԲֹôһ㡣§Լ
ߴļΣʹӼϴ۵üʡ
硭ָ⻹ץ½ǣȴٿϡ
ǽѾ޿ɱܡȻǽȥ·Ϳ﷢һС
ദľʹȼٱ
κ˶˺㣬ᱳ㡣ϴû˻ᰮ㡣
Ժ︴ִλɱطˡ
з·ʲôˡ
ϧԼܻԼ
ԼĴòߴһļΣǿԵľʹĬĬذִ˻
ֻСһԵضڽִϰԵ£ƺе־塣
ϵԼǼԻֶΣôˡ
ĻǲƵؾʹҪѳ룬һԼôϲô
һڶԼ˵ûԸ˲Ĵ
ļͣѪȴȫʹرԼ
оԼصǸµĵطҲûеطԻζůˡ
ԺҲûɢˡ
ߣҲ˺Լ
ϣûһǰȫġ
л˵
ʱİǴµģ֮ᰮø߳չڻûչǸ׶Ρqaq


78
ʦȥ˶һò󡣡
֪Լô߳ε, ֹѪҩ˶־
Լʹһһ, Ȼôôʹ
ֻ, ŵһ˿Ѫζ, оԼҪ޷
һƫɵĵӶۼ, һƬúܡ
ȴо˳Щ
ʦܡ˷˹
ʦ֡˾䡣
ɫܲ˷еʲôˣ
û¡ҡҡͷǲԸ¡
˷Ҳû׷ȥ
ƫ߽ɽɵĵ, ƽĸǰ㱨ʥ̴˴ǰĽͽȫ
һ⣬ֱֱƽ
˷ҲȻؿ, ѱУΪµĽͽҲŹ
˹˷еĲƽĽ͵ҲǲѶΪ֮, »ڣⲻʥͨ籨š
úõɣȴɶҴ۽硣Խس
㡭ƽԸԽɣû˵ġ
ֶ𡣡ʦڵŵĴ˾ȷʵЩס˼Ҳ׷ȥдٱ, ΪǳȰɡ
ƽôһΧ, Ҳ֪˾Щˣæ¿֪
Ÿɵĵƫڴ, ڵķҵǰڵס
ʦסʦ, Ȼʥ̵Ľ, ҲһĻڸ, ϣǲҪ̫Ϊ
ӷ, ƶɮԸлΪһʩеĳɱʦ
˾ʹʦˡ
ۼԶһҵǰʦÿյΰţȥΪ
ʲô𣿡ʦ¶⣺ķ𲻶𣿡
ŵӻֵ̿صͷʦŲǸմӦʩ
ǵҸɵйûҵ˵ôһСæǸæҲáʦɫݵھȻҪҹһúù
ʩƻģʦαذʩͷϡŵС
Ҷϻʦ
ǷŵӴҳһ
ӷ𡣡ʦ̾˿ָֻһƽ͵ģɽɵĶѲŰȻҲΪһ˶ҡɼеķ㻹С㲻ᶮġ
ʦµָŵӵԴŵӱĺëֱ
ʦҡ
Ӳҡ
ᣬ꼸ˣ
ӽʮࡣ
ôˣѾǸˡʦҲãһֱ㵱ӡ
ӵģʦԶǺӡӦϵ亹ֱ¡
ҷʦζһ䡣
ʦӲҡ
뵽ҵķ뵽ɽºʦֵ顣ʦ
С
ʦǺ¡ƽԶԶ˹
ţҲȥдôܺˣʦִ˻
Ƕ˿ģʦҶҲôһϹͷҹҹڷǰɡƽ˵ŴóһƱʦĻС
ʦЦһ˵ɣкҪƶɮæ
ԿסƽֱԵ
ŸɵĵӻУűȲʦƶɮҪ㣬вǳ¶ˣȻҲ㡣
ʦģƽ
ʦӻȡһԿ׷ƽС
лʦƽսȥˡ
ڽһԿת
ƣ۵˫ۣƽ˽
벻ʥ̵ĽҲǱʱ򡣡ƽϸشЦ벻ջ䵽ҵϡ
Һԩ޳𡣡Ѫдżɳơ
ԩ޳ҺԹɴءʥа̾ͲӦôڡӹʥ̣ѵʲôˣ
ţʮǰ˰ɡ֪Ǽ£ʮǰϴ꣬²ţƫƫһ˳ȥΪʲôûеΪ˱ء
ƽϳһ˿ŭӱʮ겻㶮ʲô
Ҳû屨ƫƫҪұ𡣡ɳƣȴδֺҽûڴ˵أұǸ
úáڸڵԼĺ룬Ը
졣ƽŭ
ʱر졣
ƫƫڴ˵ءƽǰ죬°ʹһȭ
Ѫζ
ƽϵצصزһ£ԸԳؿϼʹı顣
ƽЦʹɣҿ㾿Ӳʲôʱ򡣡
ᱻãƽϴŶЦݣ£һ£һꣿһӣ
˭أƽ赭д˸ˡʥеĵӶǽˡ
ָԾս˵ϵĸɲݣӿİ
һӰɣȻѸߣʮʮز⣬еʱ
ƽţƽ飬Ž˻ȥ
ôģǽڣӲԵҵƤûظˡ
ֲȥǵѪҴӲġ
ɽɵˡЦеøƵģĹͷˡϧ˼ʯĳ
㲻᲻˼˰ɣҰ͸ˡڵʯڡ
ΪΪҵáʱգҲ֪ûõġڵ
ڰһ˲ķΧתƻ˻󷨵ĵʮ㣬ĲٰɡȻƾıôᱻץסǲҪˣӦϵôһġα㲻Լһ֣͵Ǹײİɡ
ǸʱҲ֣ܲҲ֣ǾͻΣա
ǸΣհɡά˹˵ĲɣĲɣԾںĳ˰
ôֲ˵ˡʼį
Ҹ˵ʲô˵˵ĶԣǳԼĸ£Ů鳤Լ
û˵ʲôںкãѾںˡ
е쳣䣬Ȱοϰ֮ˣǴɡ㿴Ҷһô꣬ңˡ
ڻǺҹڡ
⺢ӡһʱƿԡ
Ըٽ⣺˹̵Ĺر֪٣Ȼûȫ˵
̾˹ôĹ붼õģԭʷǲ˹ƾô࣬ҪرҲԭĶࡣȻûʲôȴӡ˵һʹ𣿡
Ҳǻ㡣
һʼ汧ͷҿҲˡԭҲȫǺ˰
ЦûٽӻпҲ⣬ʯڽۡ
һչҶǿµߡڷ˼ȦȻһ硣
ʦҡô˶ˡ
ûС
һǲܻӭ
ûʦһءҶֺõЦ
û㣿
ҶҡҡͷǰŰ͹Ҷ˽ҩˣֲʲô󲡣Ҳġ
⼸ľ״̬Ҳ̫ãӦù˲ɡ
ˣ
ûС˵ȥ֪ˡ
šҶĵ͵͵ӦʵѾõòˣھȥɡ
εش˴ҶĵĶͷ㰡
Ҳ̫ˡԽ̾һΪվ˿ء
ȥɡڵ
ʦȥ˶һò󡣡
Խ³˶ȥ뿴һۡ
˶ڷӦ˹ûϵǶ˲졣ʦȥɡ
Ҳ֪Խ˵ʲôܾЩΣԸܾᣬӦ
˷ҶģʦܣӦİɣ
šȥȥͻء


79
̫ɣܾڵ
, չˡҶĵһѾȬˡ
Ǿͺá
ȥ²Ǻܸߵӣƺе㲡ģҲ͸һɷܡ
Ҷĵ֪, Ե޹ʶ䵭
, ǲе㲻Ҷʡ
ûС֪Ϊλô, Լ⼸յ״̬ȷʵ̫Ծҿ𣿡
ţе㡣ҶĿ˿, С绹Ǻܺÿ
ǿЦЦ
˵䣬˿ȵһӭȻȥ쳣, һȦ߻еɫӡ, ҶĺɳƵشкԶȥˡ
磬ôˣҶĵ̫õӡ
ûϢðɡȻʲô, ҶһӣҲû˼ȥ
벻Ҳᷢ£ʦ֪顣
Ҷ˵Ļûн·ϣ磬ǲǶæ, 硭
Ҫȥһҡӻ
šáҶı͹˼, һؾûб˼
ʵǰҲѧһЩѶֶ, ҿһȥ𣿡Ҷǿ˵, һϣؿ
ȻԡҶ֪ǲҵĴ, ܾǰšʵȫء
ͫɫƫǳ, ˿ʱ
Ҷıô, ˵ˡ
ָı䲻ʲôֻƿߡ
ҶС硭Ȼȥ׼ˡ
֪Ҫ׼ʲô˼ڴˣʶӦ
ӻΣ߷߱Թû뵽ͺ¿ڰô̾ߡҸ˵Ų˹Ĺ˵ˣ治֪ˡ
Ȼ˲˹̣óʹˣСά˹СִһԭѪͳˣҷøʲôƵġȥǱһµĹ
̫ɣܾڵ
ʲôΪԼˡ
˵̫ɣܾѧ˹̵ĹûУѵûô
Ҳ
Ҷʯڶ԰˼顣
ţĬǡ
ʱ˽Ų˻ȥ
ɵؿһۡ
ڽ˿֮ǰȥûʲô󰭣ֻЩ
ͣ˼룬˰ҡ
ô㣬㶼˼ˡȥתתͺˣο⡣
˵ûˣָҲֻˡ
Ҷͷһתһ룬ʥ̵ĽǰӦǰѵģҲ޿ɺǡ
ղź˵ʲôûзĻ̲סʵ
ôҽ̻ĸ𣿡Ц
˵Ҷĺֹ
Һ˵ʲôˣûŷ㼱ʲôζؿҶģʲôˣ
ҶĵĶغˣ㡣
ңƫƫ𣿡Ƥϴû·磬һëͷСӡ
㡭Ҷù̾ߣ΢յ˵ģҺֺαضԡ
벻㿴ģͦƢ˩ŵܳһ̶ϻжȥץҶе̾ߡ
Ҷĵղûзرȥ̾ߣס˫֡
Űת˼£ʹжɿҶġ
벻ĸλͦ࣬ѹֲһԼ󣬷˻˻ĳ
ûĻƢˣ˵һҲǲʹЦ׷ȥ
˹̵Ĺرѡһҡ
ϲԼ俴ʮ飬Ϊȴ˾ӡ֪Լ̫׵ײԼ̡
Ҳˣʲôûʳ
Ҫոպ˵̫ɣܾѶʽ˵йˡ
Ը̡
ҽ鲻ķϣҾ͸һֲ˹ѾõľܹҪҪֽʼһ¡
á
ҭһ£ҲٹŪ飬̫ɣܾһֲظ
ܾû׷ʣһɵؿȫסˣ
ֹȥȻЩ죬ȴѼǡصˡ
Ҷļϵ̾ߣ˳ȥ
ؽƫŵĵдģ˶½ǣӵ˽ʦ֣ôͻˣ
ţҲûϵл˳ص
˳ԽǰĿ˵ˣ
ɽɵҶ̲Ҳ˵Ų˹̵Ĺ˶廰
Խ˵Ķǲ˹мΪͨĹʦ˵жš
˵ڸҵҲѰĹ
벻ʩģзֱ档һԶ
ʦ˷
ӹ˶еıʣһֽϽ̫ɣܾĬд
ǸδŵĹʦ
Ҳ˵ǲ˹Ѿõľܹԭһ顣
ʦȤ˼ֻ֣ǿеа⴫
ùϵֽսȻˣ˹ɡһὫµĸ¥Уλʩ;˵⣬Իȥеĸ¥˽
ƽ͵ʦ¸أΪʲ
ɵĵвҲû˵ʲô𹦷ǸⲨ˹ر
ҹʦ̫ɣܾǰϸġ
վԶĵطģЩη塣
ʦָָԼ硣
Ų˹ȥʦڿʲô㲻˵⹦Ща𣿡
аΡЩҵƿ޾ҲŽ˭֪ʮ񾹲ƻʦֻ̾ҵոӾһܸõػ°
Ϊ˸õƿ£ڵķŵΨǴӡʹ
˵𣿡ʦȲػʵ
ڵӣ˵ͷ
ô࣬ӵǲǸúúõТʦ
ʦָָԼ£еɫް
᱾ܵµļ䣬֪ĺʲԸظȥ
ʦһҳзһ̾
ǰͭ£ŵʰϵʯŸɰæĵӵл
ԷڰǰĲͨĵƻԵøÿȴԴЩ⣬ֱϾ֡
дˡԽҼҰʲô¶档
һʣ̧ͷԽӻ˭ҵġ
Ȼˣҵĺø硣ԽѵòҪһ£§ļ
ԽǲǳԴҩˡѹһۡ
ô֪˼ҰѰٻȥԽɤӵ
˶һԹֱЦ
˷εҡҡͷˣȥɡ
ôˣҶĳģ
ߺкܶˡ
𣿡ΪЩͨѰˡ
ϰЦҶĵҺܲϲ
ЦҲ
ҶĻǴҲЦ
ɼЦҲѾԼֲá
ɬĸоļδй
ʲôءҶĵĶͷҪҪȥһȥ
Һͬ·˵ҶӰˣһԼطϢɡ
ҲСҶĵļ磺ξʦһȥɡ


80
Ҫ뽨㹻İζûУ̸ΰ
ﰵĵƻϨ, ֻ¶յ谵ơ
˵ֳʪое඾Ҫʹϯ, ָĴһӡ, 岻ԾЩ
ҪͲס֮ʱ, оִһаҪⶼոͨ͸, Ƥı㿪ʼ
ٻǰһ췢ˡܿʶаֶڴĲɿ
ڵĦҵĶ죬ʯڣôˣû°ɣ
ʹü˵, ǿŵֻǶطˡ
, ŸڵĶоֹۡ
ڸоôͣѯ˺üΡ
ܲ˾䣺ȡ
ȡ૵ⲻǲ˹һ
ֵ, ˵Ԫһ
ҵ书Ѿצסû
δ˵꣬˼Ȼͨһ˲ĻҲɢ, ùֻʹǲֵľ, Ȼڡ
ֻΪԼʹ˻󷨵ĵʮ㣬쳣, ȫܲĴڡ
ֻҪ, ûϣ
, ˳ŰĿھе, ֶڽȶ
ڵĶСȥֵ, û˰ɣ
šлǰ
ʲô˲˹ϰ֮˶붼ڲ˹Ҳ֪
˻󷨣Ѱ˵ĵҪѲ١ǰܻҵ书н档ֱԵ
н棬ǲ뿪ˣ˷ܵ
εЦЦڻУҵָҪһʱաʱգһԳȥ
ûȵʱǾѾﱻĥˡ̾
ȴδǵôԶ»һ鷳е඾ȥ⼸ղᷢٻĶȴҪա
ʱûһһֶ໥ãԪһҲ޼¡
¸쳣ûоϸϸ˼ķѳ˯ȥ
˵˯˹ȥʵǻ˹ȥ
δĸʱ˹Իģͷʹѡ
ٻĶַˡ
Ķͷűĵ棬ԴӻĴгһ˿ʶ
;ƺ˴򿪹ţ˽˷˵ϣƺԼ˵
һֱڰѰԵ״̬е鶼ǵò̫
ֱ賿ǰģľŽ
ٻĶԻҪա
ϵķһڡ
ջһգ˿̺˯⡣
ηһСѸɲϣָ˰ϵצ
һɾʹԼȫɢצ˿
תЩʱա
ջ֣۰˰ҹ忪ʼȣ±ù̡
硣Ҷȼסʦ˵ȻҪȥңһȥ
ҶĲ֪Լʲô֪˵ЦȴȻúܲĲ
ֲ쳣ǿңĵӶ˲١
쳣ȡ
Ժвسֺйصл棬Щ컵ܰʹĻȫԺзɿһ㡣
硣ҶĵԶİôˮˡ
µĵ˵ĵκܶû޸ˣ㣬ǰˮӡ
šҶӦ
ƽ̫ûº͵˵˿ƽĻ䵽ĶҲԳһ
ɶȴԼ
ֻļ䷢䣬еԽ֣ԽʹڵԼ
֪ҩá
Ѿϲˣ㻹Ƿô
ǰǰ
Ų˼ϣԼ״̬ȥܹһ㡣
ϣܿѶ뿪
ǿҵĲ߳ܶ˵ǸΪѰĿ̡
Σһ۾ͿĲԾ
еԿ״ţ첽ࣺôˣ
ʶһ㣬̫Լڵģ
жܿܣʵ㷢ˣ
ҡҡͷֻյߺһ鼫ջı飬鲻ԽҪȥ
ȥҴߵ˾䡣
ʶץס֣Ϊں£ѵûЩֻǴѣ㿴κ˾Ͳôˡ
硭۾ؿȻȥһ촽
ڵĦϸ΢ĶȵϢĴ֮䡣
¶̵ˡ
ôٶҲ˹ΪҲϿ
ҶĵĴڿһ˲죬һƬհסָ߬ǰһʶ֡
ǰǸʸֵġ
һ롢롢룬Ϊʲô
Ҷĵֲ̿һʵƺҪǰҲԸš
֪Ϊλ״˵ٻӦö岻òŶԡ
ѵǴù֮˲ŵֿ˶أ
ȻƭԼΪʹĿܿࡣ
ٻһºһʼҩáȥһԽҪҩ޲
Ŀпʼʶ߽ԾԼķ˿Ҳϸ΢ı仯
ȳȥҶĵ
ҶʱĶľϣЩá
˵ǶԵġ
ŷƺһֱϲ
硭Ҷ󲻸ĵؽһ
ȥظһ顣κ˿ڵģ
Ҷζ޷˵Լ޸о
ΪԶԶͨѵķ롣
ԥƬ̣ʯڣһǰ鷳Ѷһ£һԶһ㡣
һ˴뱲ӣʲôûŲϡЩ䣬ʯڡ
࣬ͷ
Ծرס
˵ϵ䣬ȴ˵ĥ
ʶѾ̫ѣ֪δЩǿѡ
ɿָԴǸ촽
ἰصĥ촽о촽е۶۵ۣϸҲûڴ֮䡣
֮һǽʲôҲɨ˵Ų˻ȥ
ȵ崥£ࡣ
鲻Խ§ĵĿеĲ硭
дЩίмֲ־塣
ΪԼǰΪӰʶѾģıܻǼסһС
硭ֽһ
ճ塣
һԼǸʱһξýģĸоִ
û˵ʵһ̣оԼѾܾˡ
ǸʱŸʶá
ڣΪλߵĵز
ʶز˲ܸܵı仯Ҳ֪ܵԭ
¸ϣȥΪ˷ֹҪһֱ
Ķش˲㱡죬ɱؿֻһ£鲻Խشչȥ˱һ¡֮һĴһƬʪ⡣
ٻҩǿ꣬Լ϶һ㱡
˿Ĳ˲ָᲦһĶ
촽Ķͷգһ¡
հٻĶԣ컹ҪһգӦûѴ¶ˡ
ԼԭƭԼ֪
ֻڴʱ˿̣ܶݵ˳ӦԼģȴ֮еĶԹ
ƭԼȣȻɶ񣬵ԼҲùǡ
ֶ໥ֻ£ճ־á
Ψаܻޡ
Ҫ뽨㹻İζûУ̸ΰ
ο֮ͬ
ٻԵµĸղ֪ܲͨķ˵
ǵؿһۣûһְֺޣӵ֪ô
¸ϣҲϣֹͱĵӴ
һУغţת뿪ˡ


81
ȷͷϣ˳Ļ϶ȷûʲôͬ
ʶָ, ϵ»
¿һüͷ¡
ˣڵĶǲǸоһ
, Ρ
ˣʡ
ǰζش, ʣʲôǵˣ
ǵˡ, ΨһָֻоԴĸо
ǰԼ̬, ƫԼĴ
ĬĬؽԼµŵʰϱģеϢ
ɲ, ͷ¶ȿʼֱ
ҶĻ겻ڹϣԶԶ, ĸǰô㣿
Ҷ̧ͷһۣˮ⣺ʦ֣ϲˡ
˵׳𣿡˵׳ѽ̡
ϲҶĴĻ
ô, Ӧǲ´ˡŵ£Ҳͬˡ
ҴûôһˡҶֱһ̣Ҳ֪ԭԴҸͨûκ, ҴŻȲʦʦܡ
˼ЩʲôءҶĵԴҲھΰ, ǰӦҲѰɡ
һ˵ϲ, ϲֶǻġϲ, ˵Ͳϲˡ, վɥȪ, Ȼ°Щ, Ǹصߵ˾ӡа̵Ľһɽɵʦʦǽ
šа̵Ľ粻һġҶĨ۽ǵᣬ૵
¶´˺ü죬׼뿪¡
ڵķŵӽõĶ
¶ѯʵСֵܣôս
Ǹŵӵʲô
ҲûʲôѣȹһҴȥ˹ҲˣҪȺ𡣡
𣿡ŵӵأǷɲġ
¶һǾȹ𣿡
ǷҲǵΪ֣ԲôŵӴ
ȱʰˡ¶ҺȻһҪδ죬ס졣
áŵӷ±죺ʩˡ
š¶
ǽߣˮ˳޷»䣬ָˮס
һƬһĳУźȻ˴򿪣˽
һذ׵ϻеϸѩûüط͸ˡ
ȥɽҩҩ֪԰ٻûáһҩݸ
ֽӹźǿ˼롣
û룬źȰɡΪڳ
µݸ
á䡣ھԶǽ࣬ȣִϥϡ
ûпر־룬ҲܸоԼ̬ȲûлͶ١
ֱֱִϵƤһƬ
ʶҪأûȥ
Ҳ֪գô
ҪôߡĻû˵꣬͸ܵӵôߵؽԼϣסԼ
ݵůһʱ»ķңĬƬַ̣ˣ
˵ֱףͷգ˿̸ҲС˼֡
ƿ
ûյļ䣬ȴǵҶ֪Լ˶֡ĸ㷲
¶ϵĶ̫κˣҼ亦ѿ
вǿңƵңΪʲôҪҶģ֪Ҳ
ǸҹѶġص
Ϊҡ췢ҶֻǸ𣿡úʧȥе
ûлػֵȻˣΪʲôҪҩ㲻ǸӰġ
Ҷģ˶ЩܿƣҹҳһȥͲô
·İڵϣҲȥ
Ҳֻİ˵ķ𣿡ɬȻ
㷢ˣҲ㳳ܡϽҩˣҪȥˡ
Ļƽһ˿ζȴȷ֮ǰܲϲ׳壬˵ϲͲϲͬҲܲϲҡ
ȭͷս˵֪ʲô
ɽɣɱҩڵӡΪõ¾Ļͼֽͷβƭĸ顣Һʲô𣿡
ȷͷϣ˳Ļ϶ȷûʲôͬĻش𣿡
ǰҲԼͬ׳³ʱ»䵽Լͷϡ
ֱǰģҪƵ׿ڳϡ
ڵõ˴𰸣²⣬ѵܸı
һֳǵĺļӿ죬ȴ˿ڶ˵ػҶĴӽԶ㣬ȻҲȷһʲô
ʲôü
֪ҹȥˣпҶ˶ˡҲġ
ôأҲҪɱ𣿡ʵ
磬㲻һ
ûʲôһģ㲻ƭҡƽؿڵҲôġ
Ǵս𣿡
ǰΪʮ֮ˡڿԣʲ˵˻ƿߣתȥ
رǽ棬һһȥ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


82
ƽҲòȥ֪ԼƽķӦǶĥ
뿪, ȼ䡣ϸѩź紵ļֻ࣬˼ǰûʲô, 
ʦ֡˶ȵһԶԶ
´ʦ, á
ڱˡԼʵ
˶Ҳ׷, ʦ֣ʦɽһˡ
ʲôˣ
Ҳʲô, ֻŵĵҪ׼յĿˣӰʹʦֻȥִ֡˶ҲʮյĹ⾰Һͻڴ˵ص, ˵ʮ֮ڣѾѲ˹̵ر³ˡ
šպɢ, ϷԼҲмֳ嶯ǡʱ侲һ£Ӧˡ
ص, ϸѩѾ硣
ѵ£ˮãüڵˮ΢΢
벻Լ·ôߡ
ʮպص£һѾ˵˲˹ر䡣
Լҵʲôء
ɽ, ʥ, õȫݻ٣òԼߡ
Ц, ôоԼҲԽԽˡ
Ҳ˵ʥǷôù, Խ, ѵԽԼ
ùԡϵˮ, մ, ⴫
£˷š
Ҷվ⣬ʪˮʱ޴
磬ҡͽġҶĵ
ллֽӹ̬Ȳ̫ã⡣
ңûϵġҶĵĺѣҲȻ
ǡ
Ҷû뵽ôֱ׵طһ㶼Ĭϡ
Ҷһʱ֪˵ʲôҪһɽˣʮպ
šҶ룬ԼûܶԼ֪һԼеķԭֻôһ㡣
㡭ʲô𣿡Ҷĵ
ҶҲɣ䵽뽪ϣ磬ڵꡣ
һȥϴŵݸҶģлл
磬ˣΡҶ
ţΡص
Ҷص£ӦǸոԡϵζ㣬ʪˮһ˿⡣
ҶĵԾغ˺죬һ
һҶ˿ա
һҹת˲ţٹһʱҪˡڵԥҪҪȥ
ʩʦӱסʩǷĲʩ
ողžܹٻĶԷȽԣͷʦչһ
˵óϿңʦҲӦˬ죺ӷƶɮȻΪʩһ趨ʡԸ𾭡
Ȼˣڴлˡ
ʩؿ
һķ뿪˵Ρ
һʱʦſڿԶȥӰһԵƽţǻȥɡ
šƽ
¶µĵײ㣬ѰһصĽҵͨεĿء
ŵ˵εڣڴҵӿš
಻٣ʮˡ
¶ʮǰԭʢѾõʮͭмɵ˼֡
ǺˣǼҵӵ
ҲС·˴˵أλСʦڴ˵
ڴ˵ؼµĵΣλʩ·˵أǺһݵķҵӵ
ǿգݵ񡣡
ǡǿղʲԸӦ
ʮλСʦһֱ𣬳Էԡ˯ô죿¶
ʱǻֻһǰȥԡڳԷ˸һҵӵ
ʦܣ˵ôʲôһԵһӿڵ
ǡ֪λʩذɡ
¶ߣײһӣһ޴ʳС
ʦ֡ƽһ
кλʦֵܣŰɡ
¶ͷۣʳжʢڵʮǡôİͷɫջߣת˵ݡ
ҹʱ֣ƽӷȡµεԿףϷŲҹɫ
һסš
ʦƽʦҹңɣֹң
ҲʦȻ㣬ֻǲҪ
Ȼƽ˿ЦʦƽãȻΪʦǵ𣿡
Ƕ˶һۣϸֳ˴ղЦݡ
ƽ˵˻תˣԿ״ţڽĸȻȥֻ忴ȥɺ
ƽⲽĸǰɽɺͷԽɵĵӶѾȥˣɽɵ͹˷Ҳˡû㣬û˻Ụˡ
ϱû˻ң벻ڶһġƽȻҳȥұؽٱ
Ļﲢңȴһ˿ᶨ˲Ծ˵Ļ
Ż˭أƽ㻹ȥ𣿡
Ǹͺ¿ҲҪҪǲ˺һĿȫǡƽݺݵһţʮ˿ͳͳʥ̵ħצ֮£ǵڳѪģƾʲôôõĴ
˵Щͬ𣿡Цһ˵Щʲôϵ
޷ĸоһӶ᲻ˡΪҲҵءֻҵء
ƽؿ
ļڷҺθɣҶֻһѪ⣬·߶ҰҰèûκ𡣡
ƽݵ죬ϵ˦һǽϡ
Ķǿ˸ȱڣѪ˳Ķ乶£ʹգȥм֯}ˡ
Ĩȥ°ϵѪΣŨҵѪζıǼ䡣
ƽק֣ľмָ
ûڴķʹİ
ǰõĶʵģ̾Ҫʹ֪˾𣿡
ҹҹһҪռ˺ҵȫɱˡ
ƽȴһ˿ԾţƺڸԼΪҸûʵɣȻܵʥ֮̽λ˶ǻ˱ŰԣΪֳ
Цд˵мڴα
ֻƽܻŭȴҲûĻ
Ѿʹ˵ˡ
죬һ㡣ƽߺ޵͸ʯǽĶһصˤ
ƽĽŲнԶ
ֵܣ㻹𣿡ʵ
ãڲŴһ΢Ӧ𣺡š
Ѫ͸촽ԼҧƤ˵ʶѾ̫ѡ
ƽҲòȥ֪ԼƽķӦǶĥ
ôȥһˣӲˣʦƽһƵкһ֪Ӳ
Ǹͽʵڿɶǰܹ̣̾߷ʼնûкһۡǵˣ̼ͣңЩĻ䡣ƽȻ
Ƿ̫ͷҲǰƢĶ÷һÿһҹج֮Сʦ˫ֺʮӷ𡣡
ʦѧϰѧϰˡƽ׵
ʦ΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ȸˡƽһת뿪ϵЦ˻ȥаɫ
ʦԼĻ˵ҪԼչԽеʩŰԽǡҲӻ壬书Ҳһ˲֪жһȴ
˯˯Ҳ
ϧܿ۵ı飬Ȼһ˼
ʦ룬Եڵʦôˣ㻹Ҫ̫ɣܾ𣿡
ȻҪҲôѧⲨ˹̾ܵ书
ǵӾлȥˣ岻Ծزѯʵ
ô뿪Ϊʦ𣿡ȥ
Ӳҡæ
һļ򣺡ȻҪΪʦһˣΪʦҲþ㣬˵𣿡
ǡӬӦ
ƽÿڶƾộ¶ֱɫ
Щˣһײʦѯʵʦ˵Ҫһôôöû
ճԱ𣿡ʦЦոռԵϣղŵÿա𼱣ҹұ֤㿴һ
µĺڼΪƫƧĽ˿̻δ㣬¶͵͵ǱУϸѰһǸʳС
ʳڲ£˵ǰùõʳеĵطҲֻеڵʮŵӡ
¶ǸڵʳеĺиͿһɫζʮɢ
պʳǣ㴫Щ
˭ͷҲЩ͵Сֻվһҵһľ׳ƿš
⵱ͷ¶ͰʳзŻԭλ
ƿţ¶΢΢˿ô
̫ˡ¶˼û㣬ʲôԵġ
˵ʳǴֹ˾䣬ͷ´ζֱӸõʦ˵ҪԼ
ǡ¶Ӧ
һԵʳУȥ


83
߽ʦʬ壬ݺݵزصѹ˼¡
ʦ, ôҶȵöˡƵС²Щ, ʦֵҲû˵ʲô
ż
ƺٺһЦ, ʳС
¶ڵβԶʯ, Ϣع۲ľ
ҵӳԵһ룬Ȼͣ, غʦ
¶һʦӵøЩֵʦȫûз
¶ɣʦ, ˵Ӧ
ʦ˵ͷʮӴк, ȥˡ
˺ߵ䣬Լ˿ڰ
ϳ˼дİɫϣ඼ѱѪ͸
Ƕ, ȴһֱһԵĸɲϡ
Ū࣬˿ڡ
űƿȴƽ̧ͷĮؿʦһۡ
սôˡʦǰ, ͣǵǳǳ˺, ɫȥҪġ
ʦҪȥϸϸ鿴һסʦ֡
ܵζʮ, ʦȴ˿û̬ȷ
еȻ, Ͼ̫
ٻĶԸո, ֱĥ˼տ̡
ʦ۾, һֽ״̬֪֪, ԽҾԽ˷ܡ
ͺ¿ϺУԩ˽ⲻ˽ᡣˣʥ²Ź㣬ҲŹġ
£Ϊԩ꣬ʱ˭ҵ鷳ʦЦ
ݵָصšһ£ԭսúÿҲôʵ
о˿ڸѿˣҵʹʶѡ
ֲڵ˫Ƥεֻޱȶġ
ԴָζؿƺڳЦĲ
סһ˲䷢ƵڵأڵĦ졣
һֳֻԣӸµؿ
һֱǿȱˣûбԴоһֹ˷ܡ
Ҳûѿ֡
ָɫζѹ촽һ΢ʹС
䵽ϵĺɫٺϣһֱ̫ɣܾ
šʦ˫۱ȾʶŤŤڴߴӿȡ
ʲôڷܵһɵ֪֪̫ɣܾĹ
ʦãȻӦ
ԼٶȷסšúͥѨ
ʦʱоԼڵӡŬ£ȴ޷Լָ
ôգûеڵôĿǸ
ʦĿ⽥ôͣдڵѪ˳ıǻ˳ڵϡ
ֵܣǣʵ
ˡ̫ɣܾϻֵĺɫӡǣٺ۰㡣˼߻ħҲ꣬쳣ֻҪסšãͥѨͻᾭУж
԰ֵܡϲתһ룬ǳˣµĵӲŹǵġ
ҪӳȥȥʦϵԿףȴֻѵŵԿסϵԿײڴ˴
ûжʵֵܣʲôˣ
ûϵԿףһͰԿˣûǳȥ
ô죬ֻܵ𣿡
ȥϵЩġ
ڴʱһӰ
¶˳ŵİҵս
˭¶ôˣ
ǳȥ¶
׵ſ˷϶¶ֹٵشš
ܰҽ𣿡ָָԼϵ
ԡ¶
µֻͨ¶ܿͽñΡȡһԵĸɲݶѡ
¶˿ϵצҲȡ㴩ùǵƺܿ˿ڣȡձָܻˡ
ҪҪҧŵʲô¶
áһ£رס
һҵʹצļȡ˳
װ£ڴĽֵܣ¶֣Ҳų
𳳡¶ͷؽһηԿ״š
¶ѣ֣Ҿ֪ҡڲ˹ദ⼸ꡣ
¶սǰȹңֻǱľ֮
֮⣬Լֻ˳ѡһߡ
˵ز˾Ǿ뿪
ڵķŵӶʮɢѨ
¶ӳȽˣжЩ㣬ṦĵӻڣԾϢӳ¡
λһҾʹȥ򣬸ɽ·ԶԵٻᡣ¶ȭ
סֿмҾ졣
¶ԳһЦмҾ죬벨˹ôһ˵ɣڵ
Ȼˣֲʥ̡ʵʥһһλȱʱ£ٺò
ҿһ⻤һλá
ȴΪ壬ǲɶõ˲š
ֵܶô˵ˣʹӦɡҲȰ
֪ǰкδ㣿ת
ңٺһЦҺòװѲ˹̵ħצȻҪȥңˡ
Ļѡ
εǰ
ļӣɽˮꡣ
˵Ծҹɫ֮УˬʵЦصּ䡣
Цҡҡͷ
¶һԽҶ̵˵ɽˮˣȥĳ׼һӾҵ
ӣվҪ˯ˡ
Цһת¶ֿ֪ǵôˣ
ұ޴ȥսȻˡ¶
ڷڵãҲûܵȵʦ
һ֪ʦȥˣôûᱻĥ˰ɡ
ʥ̵Ľһˣô˵Ҳһ¡
ţ߳ţθȥ
ſں˵һȺŵӡ
ᰵȥǵѨˡ
λʦֵǣʲôˣ
Ű¶һˡ
ʦأḴʵ
ʦȥˡǷŵӴȻʲôãʦһˡ
ȥ
ʦڵϣʧȥ˺ǼǵѪѾ̣һ˫ۿź춥
ʦʦΧȥȴֱʹɫ
ʦ֪ͨ鼩һ¡Ϊ곤صſڵ
ǡŵӷ׷Ӧ
ᣬ㻹ߣʵ
ʦҶɽڴ˵ٴһ
ûʲôף̫ʦ˼ˡ
ǡӦ
ƺһʦֵ뿪˴˵ء
߽ʦʬ壬ݺݵزصѹ˼¡


84
ǵˣ˶֣Լ˵
, ϸѩذ׵¶
ŵĵӰ̨Խ
̨ʯ׮»ǳĽۣЩĺۼЩֻж۶۵һۡ
ʹʵ˱һ, Ҫ, ҪƺǳǸŲ, ҶǵҪ󲻸ߡӰһҲ񷽲ŵǼһʹ;ϵľɢ, ֻܲݲβ
ǰ߲ѵصͷȥмֵ䡣
ҪģֻҪڼӿ, ܰ־ʦֵҲġӰײײһԼ¼
ǡϵӦ
ŵĵвٽΪ󼰵ĸ߷, Ӱô˵ı
һֱǰʹеĽ, ʯ׮ؿһ졹֣˽
áӰ
лʦޡ¸壬㿪ʼʮʱ˿ǲǱȵʦָʤһ忪ڵ
ӰԼǰ˵ڵĻ, Ҳջ, ګګ죬ǡǰ
͵͵ƳƳ, ɫ, ֪δ˻, ˿
Ŀ˵йоصؽ, һ, ڵӵĵһſĻ
ӰһȰؿᴷæһۻ˰ɣһԶٺõģú㡣
ĳ˵һˣϷˡһ뵽Сŵıԣ߸ĿڵҲеˣϲȥɽµ¥ɡ
ɽ顭
ӰĻδ˵꣬ǰϵ߼·͵ˣܽġ
ﰵڴӰܾĻں䲻ϲ£ȻԼһֱûһϸʦҧðɡ
Цһɿڵ㿪ЦģһӺȻǰ
Ӱ̧ȥӸ塣
ҲǲӰɴһȥˡ
ʦдһֱֱؿ
ˡӰסɽûãôѽ
𣿡ȻɽûãѾʮˡʦֵ겻ҲЩһ㲻ýİ壬ܳɳյĵزҲǿϵдŵԾɡ
帴ֿʦ֣˽д裬ңҲĴ档
˻˵ʵƣӰľսؿò׼ʲôʱе̶Ȼ
ǸƢģ¼ǰعЩԸȴûиı䡣
дȷʵܳɳ㲻ҡڻػ̫ûд塣
ûáӰ˿ûأдô
ʦ°һȻˡֻԹ˲֪
廰ϰνýʵһһơ
ָⱻ񵲵÷飬һƹ˺üǿסΡ
һζķʲôӢۺúб浶ǹغдһء
γеİԴʶһݡӰڿƿһ㡣
Ƭ̹ջ˽
Ķŵһ亹еĽҪһСƾûˡ
ԲģǿŵʽŻˣȴҵͷûȻѾùˣǲǸֵˡҷδ㣬Ҳֵ
ִеĽսӰסָָĺ󷽡
ʲô岻ͷػعͷȥ׿ʯ׮Ͽһ֡
ʦֵĿ˾ѾýˡӰ̾
ôᡣ૵
ѧսѾ˲𣬸ǿʹЩɴδ˵ƿؽƿصء
ʦ֣ʯϿھҪýϰ𣿡ʿҷܵĽǾµԭأǲܸظһ¥
šĻشԳɣȻ˵ĻûʱʱԺ뵽ȴ
֪ԼǱʶ뵽˭뿪գ
һڼġ幰ֵлʦָ̡
С¡Ӧ
Ӱȥԡô¡
ûɽ̫鷳ˣҰɡ
ӰȥıӰΪο룺ҵСް֪ʡӡ
ü򵥵ùţԡϡҹʱ֣ڴϣȴշת࣬ߡ
Щһ˹ڵ̫ʱԼ᲻Ầ£᲻ҡ
˻գֻмӿȣܾϻȥ
֪ڵĵ޼£ǿԼߣ׼ˡ
ţڰʱ󣬽硣
Ǹս׷ɵĵطܶǻ𣬱ضǻ
Ƶľɳ¥˿һƬֵ̣ϳѪȺ͸õζ
ڽֽǵľͷһӣͺСģٺۣȴϡ忡ա
һڸԼ
첽߹ȥֵʶԼӲƵǽǴվСܼ˽ԼĻ磬Һú¡
һͿֱ£ؼҡ
ƵǽǺȻ濪ʼ³͵Ļƿţǿѹ͸ŵȱڹڡ
ڻײϺ󷽵ʯڡ
Ȼоѡ
ξʱԤʲôˣҪϿȥ
ΪյĿ˱̳һհ롣ǶգԺܴۡ
ڷʰ߳ɽš
ǰҶǵʦ𣿡
δҶǵ
ֻһ𣬷ղ
ºһȥһ仰
Ӱûֹȥᣬ˹̣Լȥҹ誵䣬ȴͷ
ϸԼȷʵЩԲס
˵ء
ӰĿȥıӰʦĳˣ»ǰɡ
ġǰҲʧ£󻹲ǻˡҶĿĵڵӵĿ˻δȽȥɡ
ɽҹԼյظ·յ·̱̳һա
ºʱĽһ˲Ļ㱡
˨ɽµͽ˿ɽ
ԽߴԽͣɽϸѩ
ɽ·ɢŰ׻ƽֽǮЩӲ
죬ƽٶ˿ɽ
ſڸ߸ƣƿţλεһƬס
ɫᦲƮϸѩһȺТ֮վڵĿյϡ
ָ΢ٽŲʵʲôˣ
ӷ𡣡ŴʦԲˡ
֪̫ãĵʵ˿
һԵƽڵʦȥοѺǶϰ¶Խʦ̵ɱˡ
̬δͼֱ֣þ
ʦǾУжһʱ߻ħűлɳˡԵǷʱֻʣһñεһ߱ʬ塣
ɱʦϵԿ״ţӳ¡ڴʮӽԿ֤
ôܳ£̫ˡֻԼϵѩشǧ
˶ͻԽ˹ƫԺ
˶Ѿڽз׷ɱͨˣصʥ̻ãҪǻͷ׶༪١
Ұʦտû뵽Ӻ
ʦ֣㲻ġ㵱Ҳû뵽ᷢ¡˶ο
޷صʥˡԽ廰֪ͨɣʥ̵ĸѱȫ
·չ̶̼գɵжδ̫Щڵ
˹ѳһȻʥ̡Ѷ񡣡Խ͵ǵĽڽڣȺסʦ֣֮ʦȻǲʥ̵ʱ
ֻҪݻʥ̣û¾ޡԸɵ෴⻹еĹǡ
ڽ׷ɱʦϣܰһͬѰ䡣Խԥſڵ
ǸĬƬ̣Ҳ¡
ԴЩ췴εѾԼԼȷʵ޷֡
ǵˣ˶֣Լ˵
Ȼˣαǿ
ڵ˹һˣһҪҪҪҵʦ𡣡
ʦδɽɣ˶ʵ
šֵĵصȻļʲ󣬵ҴܵСѰ
ԺһƫﴫЩԴƫеشƫǣҶĵľ塣
˭
Ҷ˳Ȼܵ˾ţ磬ҡ
ʲô
ڵСʦʰұģѾʼ˵ˣͲҳˡҶĽ͵
˶ûϵҲû˵ʲô˵¡
û뵽յıԼľԻ½ô࣬ƽʱﵽҶĵͷϡ
磬ᵽҴСҶʶҶĵܺһȥ𣿡
һҵ誵䣬ȻܾҲá
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


85
ơΡŴ򿪣ûȥˮˮ
ϵ˿°һ, ¶һ·ŻߵĴۻʥ̡
ʮղʥܶɽ¡
סǰ¶ȵȡ
ôˣ¶ͷ
ָָԶ֦ܲĽ󣺡ǿ²վҪռʥˡ
زʥ̣ǻȥδ¶ü
뿪˵ء¶۷
¶, мǵļ, ġ
ֻΪǿˡ
Ϊǿ, Ըʥ̵Ŀ²ֹһɡ
ʥ֮ԱΪȴڶʹа, Ҫǰצǵ͢뼫ȥľڵǽֲȫȻǽ, ͳϢϢء
¶ȻؿҪƹ
֣֪㱾, 㡣˳಻㡣
ұǵˣŵҡ¶˶, д˴𣿡
šӦȺ¾ǱƵʵ̫һǹʥֺ̣¾޵쳡һоѰˡڱȨҲֻܵȹռʹ㡣
¶û뵽ԼϡͿ, , Ҫµ˷ܸС
һΪס
סͣһֻͻеƿţ뿪ʥ, ˵ء
ʱȿ, ֡
, ŲôڲŻ, ѽʥΧ˸ˮйͨʥĻ̻, ͨʥ̰ģȲ˵Բߡ
һԵؽȥ˵˸ţĩ˲ŷˣ
Ҫȥϵ˿ڣ
ǰжٱ
ǰĲɲֻʣһʱ羵еǿܴճ羵еıֻһڻʳ֮Сʳڿõı򡣡
羵𣿡
Ϊ˹»ʹ羵һ
ʹһƣ־ӭսǻʳڽµڼҾȫʮǹռʹʱһʱڣܸڼҾ֧ԮǰռȻ
־ͻҲ࣬»ʹ̸סյ
̯ʹĵͼ
ʹأֱΪأغͳءƬض󹬽ϽԶ۷ŷǬ幬ȵء
ǵճˮԴڹڵļˮڵرϱ˼ȦŷдƬ洢ͷ۷ΪľƵ״ṹ뷿֣֮ܽ𡣡
ֵ˼û𹥣ʱ
ǿõĴͻеܹʮ̨ҡ̨ԿͶʯסˮ̨»֡
۷ؽԶ빬ŽϽʱһӹˮŴ󿪡ǲһ֧αװˮۣװ͵ˮͰ빬ڡ
ƱȻյø󣬹ڵ־ͻæŲȻǴùŴ֮ɱ빬С
ɵʥƴҪ֪ͨ羵㡣
ȥ֪ͨ羵ʱת֣ΪԳüչֻҪǹ»ʹһвӭжˡ
»ʹѵģѵǹ»ʹҪٵһС¾δȫȨԷɢڸ󽫾СǹµľǷһǣסǶãͿǵ컯ˡ
²Ǳƹʱʱ֪ӽһ֮١
ɵıҲͻһܵȵ׼֣ͼ֮ҲͲôˡ
յ죬ϵĻѩѾˡ
ڹտĿУԵ쳣ס
ӦǸ졣ǶǸϾɱģҲһһ
šҪɱеפĽ죬Ʒľսҡ
磬羵ڻʳڵһڼǰפڳǽһʱµǰɲ
ǰھеʿҹʱîʱ
ʱգѾӦҹսĻ
ƻѲӪں˯ʿеľӴһǰѸϵٷжӪǰ
ǰɲĴǰѵƻչбĲϣȻоռƣгٶȸ󡣵з֧Ĺǿ֧ǵľл佲ܸõس𳡡ʱ󣬹ʧ𣬵зĽҡǳûʹʧȥһУ
ɱɱ
޲ˣս޲ʤ
ߴǰջأ¶ԶʹʮˮѱΨһһǵ⣬ϵѱˮµİ֮С
šӦ
˩һԵͩϣʮֻͻеͣھʹһǽʯŻʳǵˮֱѡʴСһʯһˮǾʯῨ·ľ֮УԼˮ
ڵĻˡ΢ĽŲһ˫ִļܵظеһ񺮣塣
˴ι»ʹһҪʱ󽫻ʳһۡ͸լ羵üĿƵ
ûлػ羵Ҳգļ磬ջصȥʱ׼ôˡ
㹥»ʹ˳ջرȨ羵ҲǸ羵Զѹ
еıǻãҲûǷ򲻵ѣú֡
Ǻʱжʵ
ҹʱ֣˺˯֮ʡ
ʳǵβһ˫˯߳Ժţʼһҹµ
е׺żǳм⡣
ôˣ˷ſơһ䣬ջߣϿյĴ֡
ҹʱ֣֧ļŷԵͷȼܾ޻
͸ըѣ̻ΪҽѸһԵ۷ŷ
Ĵɿ
۷˱ѣһƬ𺣣ϡоʯˮ֮
Ƭ̺һƬӣ˾Ժ˾࣬Ǭ幬ӡ
ˣˣ𰡡Ů̫Ǳ档
־ѲߵĻǰмˮŷˮѱþʯ
ȥ֪ͨͳ졣־ȥ𡣡
ǡ
ϣϲˣ۷ˡǬ幬⴫ܹ˼䣬ȲŶ룺ϣ۷ʧˣ
밮뷿£ԴŭƣСҲޣ񸮶ǸʲôԵġ
ܹܻæص۷ܵˮԱʯסˡ
˲ܵˮٲûغͳأǸͷİǰص̫ࣺңСԴ
ܹܻ˳ȥʱһƬҡ
۷뻪ʵ̫Զ־ͻ˶˾ȻĶС
߷ڽܣ֮ͷȫʵǱˮн
־ΡץסǬ幬ܹʵô˵
ϣæء˵ûصˮԸһ¡
ơΡŴ򿪣ûȥˮˮ
ڻδ볯֮ʱûлϵּ⣬˽Դ󿪹š
۷ǽˣԴҲҪˡ
ܹı⣬ʵ۵ġ׿ŵˮڵˮҹ˻ʹ
ΡָˮǬ幬ʧн˾࣬־ʿæˮͰ̧¡
ˮ˴򿪸ӣǽǡʹ˼֣ľͷȼշҵž졣
һԵʿǰˮͰţãͣ


86
ƽңƽյҡ
һ, һд
Ȼͣʮ˲ġˮϴżȵĳˮ³һ, ϵͰ
ʸͰ, Ͱӿ, ˳ˮʵ棬־ʿ״æȥ⼸ˮۡ
κθϲ, ˮϵͰй־۲һ
ǻ𺣣¶ȼ
ǾǺˣ־Ļʵ
Ǳó, ˣ޼ҿɹ֮ˣūˮϵһ, ʯڰײ
ҵĻûˮ־ĻˮǼ仯Ϊ̿
ʰ
ΡڷͰһ˲ȥŵ, ıӿʹ
Ρ˴Ӱʹڽ֧Ԯ
Լۻغ֯ʣµС
־ͻʧңɾ
ΡսˣսҰܡ
ٹѿʼʰϸԤŴӰʹ
һ, Ⱥ, ǶգҹƺЩ
̧ͷ͸, ͷ, ں֪ؽ
ŮǬ幬, 䵹ؿʼѰҹڵĲ
һμ˾, 񣺡ʲô˭׼ǽ, ޳ȥȥ
Ůδš
ȻŭһԵ
ϣôʲô
һ˦ۣӴϵײײѷзӯ졣
־޵־ءشƵ£ʧǵƿŴ󺰡
־ýڽڰˣΡ޷ֻܷԸһԵŵȥǬ幬´Ӱȥպ㡣
ͳ졣ΡսܵζԸȥ
ȥֻлûϣǲлΡ
־Ǭ幬֮ȥˣ£뿪
ôһûѹ𣿡޵޹Ҫ뿪ǲһﷹͰ
ıңջеŭ뿪˵ء
ǡ־ӦڻӰӳʹ
Ρرߣͳ
ΡҾ۵Ǵ˴ҵķߡ
ĴŲۣɳ̫˺ԡ
˵ʮǰǳҵƽߡص
㡭߾ڵзΧڻɱҵ©֮㣬û뵽вǰΡ
©һˡŴ˻ŭһۣǶǰ
ǿƽңƽյҡΡ˵űǹսеĻȡ
еĶǧ򻯣ײڶ
ȱΡеĳǹǿ𵴵Ρָⷢ顣
Ρʰǹ粿ȱһãʹùµ
Ρҧأһ˫ۿκ屻ǯס޷վ
־бǰֲǰʿ
¼Ҿպдʱ⡣򣬻ؾǽķ⡣
־ֿѾʼꡣ
ս󣬻ʹѱ£δȼ룬ϵ־ͻǿܴճ
սδᣬ˷˻ʹİź͸ƫţϹţˮ빬ѹһʱ
ʱڼҾԮҲøϵˡ
˽ټ̶ڹ֮ϣϨſеĵƻ
յҹϢʿǿҹЩӰ
һӺԶ׿š
и߾ҹжӱ˵أ˵϶һ˿׾ƣ
ڽʹڻ죬Ѿ˿Ӧûڹں־սһԵĸ
šڽҺ빬š׿ǰʿ
мϰһ޴ľ׮õġ
վڹ֮ϣĿ׿ƽţұۣеʿϢ񣬴
׿˿ȫĹעš
ҡҡ׿кţһơ
ͬʱ֮ұۣ뷢
ľ׮Χŵʿʸӱᴩ׷׵ء
ƿһڵĹű˴ƺ˻ȥ
׿ڷӦ˵󺰣סͣƣҹС
ʿûӦ
ʸӰеĻѳ˻ӡ
ʿеĻѻɢȥ˱ɱҼ֮¡
׿ŵźĵоսκιѲڣ˲ء
׿֮£ֻܳˡ
սڼҾˣ˾ƫǡµı١
ʹڵĴȼȼ
ڵıΪ˵ƾʱǻʱ羵û顣
ǰλô˵Ҳ˳Щ
羵еͷʱϵԵ쳣
ʱڷڣеŮۡոճ꣬ʱʥ飬һǻ֮ģȴδд˻ʩչеı
˿̴ۣĵĻַ̿ϡ
֡ʱҵʱǰȼķ洦
Ѿ쵽ϳʱˣôʵ
֣ҾʵۡһֱһֱΪҴľҲι֮šʱ˵ű뽫ͷϵժ¡
ֹ㶼ûιôܶ϶Լûι֮ء
ҰҪӹʥ̣˼ոȨҹ仹Ҫоͼֽô๦ܲʲô¶鷳Ұɣ
ʱĻʵһ£һֱֵЩһֱΪĸܰóҲܼЩ
ԼѾСˣʱѧˡ
ʱ˼ǧ
ҡ
ʲô
պܲȢޣ⽭ɽġʱֻϣʱĺƽճӾð
ʱĺ仰ȴǰʲ᣺֣ΪβȢޣʮǰ˵ҪȢŷܵСѾͷϱģڵĹﶼ𣿵ҽãһگĺڹ񡭡
һָסʱŽһƣٲȥ糯Ҫˡ
áʱͷϵ켣ǵȥ
ȴ˼λ󳼡
ʱʱ糯ˡ
վڽǵ⣬ȥĴ󳼡
֡ʱĳӻǲԸ»ʡǵУֻǸıȨλļٻʵۡ
ЦϵĻλҲɾǲԸȥ
ǺпѾӳˡʱ
ǵĸۡڻʳǣڻʳǣݵλڻʳǣûҪΪһ޶ȵĻʵ۷һСǶԣ⽭ɽ˭Ľɽ޹ؽҪȻǿӸ˰վǽյ
ΪΣ
ʱԸֻ뾲䡣
־ӹڳǰԱĸۡ˵ڶգССĹԱȻˡ
ǽȨĻʱԱͶ֮ġ
糯ʱºԺԺ
ԺԺʱ鷿սսؿӰ
Ժһʥּ»ʵǻʥ̻ѾãΪ͢ʱձ࡭
⣬һּ¡Ҫջؽ׷ɱͬʱðѰᣬڳʬǱʬҰλ಻µá
ʦµǰ֣ͬ⣿ԺԺ
ǻͬġȥˣÿܵԳ͢Ǯռ֮һάڿһͬ⡣
ԺԺʱʱ˵
ǰһʥּݺ󣬷Ÿǳصĳڳڡ
ǡԺԺӦ΢͸ˡ
ȥɡʱ
Ժߺʱ֣ΪβֱڸʥּҪ
ǣԸϿĵλǲԸĻδʱĻ֮⡣
պ빬ţ鷿һ¼УҴʮǳأȥսҵǵʮǳأʣʮǵĳԸƣͶǡ
һʵ
е¼FǣǬճǣճǣ̨ǣǡ


87
𣿡ɵؿܱ֤ҵİȫ
ߴ¼ĩβ˻еҪúܶࡣ
ҲΪаϲԸǵʥּ
⻹øлĻӹ
¼, Ҫһ־ǰʥ̡
˵ˬ
һõʥּ߳鷿
ʥ̵ɽ£ԶԶ̧һٽΡ
ǹٽ̧ɽ, ͣ, ֱҪɽȥ
λ, ʽǣɽɵĵסһٲʵ
ǵүǹٲóһʥּǻ֪ʥѱǳ͢ձˣҼүǹʱʥ̵ġ
ʱԽɵĵֺһ, ٽκȻԶԶظһӱĿаˡ
Ǹڴ˵صĵҲв°ˣϰ, ҲðȻ롣ǻɽɵĵ˵ǽ˵ıɽΧʥܶ档
Ͳǲˡǹٲ
, ĵ¿ηΡү·Ҫ̧ʣ²ȥû
һԵĳɽɵɽɵ, ʾ˵䡣
ƿһ˫ָ֣֮һֽ
ٲֽӹɽɵӵС
ǵӴ򿪣϶˶д֣ˡ
㡭
ԽɵĵӺͳɽɵĵӺ䰴, ɽɵĵӿڵȻ͢Ҫ, Ҳֻá
Ÿɵĵһùٲ̧Žɽ
δܶ, ɽмʸ׼Źٽ
浲, ƿ˳
嫴Ӵ˳ô
ϵ, ܿѺõ֣ǵϢδҲ̫ͺЩ
ֻҵϢͺЩ嫿һ, һ·ϽͨԼɽ·, κԼּһյ鷭ȥ˺ü顣
ķɿ죬ɽͨܶӭ˳ӭ
Ȼ֪嫽µôϢȴңѵ֮ı𣿡
ʥĻ̻̣һʱ֪ͨ㡣ͨ˵ô֪㾹ȻϲӢˡ
ŽӸһԡ嫲
εҡҡͷأȥҡڰ֮о¾Ļͼֽ
κԼǰ󵼣δоͷ
ͼֽ뻳С
ĸǰʦңʦƽͼֽʦҪȥģ
ʹڵ
ʦһȥ
ءȹϹļΣȱصؽһơ
ײһʯڣ߳ҡ
ǰɵ羵еҪùΪԼ࣬˳羵ʳڵһ룬ʣһСֹ㽫£ϱͶϵ
羵˺ҪŽ羵Լߡ
ʥ̵ã¶󷽵ɽ˿ִٵվڡ
ҽ̵ĵӣͨʵ
׼ȷ˵ҽ̵һ
׷գΪƫƫǸ˳ҽ̵һ嫷Ȼ
˶٣Ҫԣ
ӺΧ¶꺮ů
οٸԼҸءֻͨЦûסԶԶصһۡ
ոոǺʥ̽ӡگսͨ䣬¶ɽ
ɽµĸŸɻδȥſɽĶӵĹٱĺϷ
һʱɽϹȻЩ˶ȥǶȵشɽ̧
ϵճȥ
ŸɵĵӼ˹ƵԾÿһ
ӽڵݳһگٲֽӹ̯ʾǰ
ʥ¾ԡ죬˳ӦΪ̣ɽɵĵӺݺݵ˰ԼС
̣һа̸̣ǻûа̵δ棿

¶ĬĬڶ˿ס
ڸ;յԻǵļš
ҶһԽŵؿ磬ʲôˣ
ʳǱ䣬ӳʳǣ뵱õĸдҸҪȥݳǣͻҵһֻҸˡ
ҶܸܵĲ̫ԸѾö˵ʲô
˱գݳǡ
ݳǳսңĹ϶ƾɵѰ䡣
ΪҪã˭֪ʱ㷢䡣
ǾҸԵģ֪˭ҿǵʥϡȵ
Ϊ⹷ʵۣǵݳǲŻⷬģҴ㣬㡣һλ̫ϸһԵȥ
һƿʲôЩ񣬴һصʳǣҪͳͳ
ҪܱмװĻôǵ˻ǵϡ
ǰȥμ¡
μ¡ҶĽŵ
һѱסĴȿˡ
СгԵ𣿡
һݸݸֽӹ̻
뿪˵أȴ̫ΣաҲȥ
սңΣա
е־ϳ£ǻǳ֮ݴ书ȫЩ
𣿡ɵؿܱ֤ҵİȫ
Ҫǻһˣҫģû˼𻰡
ӲӦš
ǺãҸ㡣ץס֣ɵ
£֮ڶǰȫġ
มŷſװµģ
󣺡Ҫãȥ
ҵϣȻǰǡҸ˵Ըƽʮбɽ𡣡
ãáҶػλҾһȹֱӷΪһ̻ʣ޳ζӳ¡
;һСֹõеĸԣһƿʲôðطˣ־콫¡
־֪ηӦ
ǣ޵Ļ𣿡С
ʳһǸӡ
䣬ƣǲʳʱϱˡʡˡ
ûᣬֻǿ䵭
߳ݳǣȥٽһ߳ǶŻǡ
˵Ŀ꣬սҵĺۼ
Щ곯͢δܹ߹أʵ
ʮڱ߹սΪλˡŸ
ʮǳأЩս񣬵ҳı˵࣬ʮܴճɡͲס
𣿡ˡ
ҶС磬ǵʥϣα硣
ڴʱŻڵĳ񱼳ǣܣ᪾Ҫˡ
Űģд˻̿֡
᪾̫죬лδӵѱն¡
γԴǰӭսߡ
ҶҲ
ǵķȥ˵ڻ־˻ˡ
һ˴ݱڿջĶ¥Ǳһ¥¨ŮӶ档
᪾ܿ͹˿ջ
ô书˵𣿡
е࣬ˡ־Ͼ˫ȭѵְ
ʮ᪾תѰ䡣
磬ҺʹҶĵֱ۱һĿӣĻ᪾㱻ſڵ
˺һ鲼侲ذﲻҩһ̣ȫĵط˵
šҶС
᪾ѵڵĿջεĵط̫٣˶¥⡣
־壬¥µ¨û
£Ҫʲô
ֻǰʱˡ
˾ٿ²װ
ѵҪǵҪҵҪŭٶ໰ǿּ񡣡
־ù۵ݸ
͸һ΢Сķ϶¥ȥ
¨Ѹȼգ¨ڵ˼¨
ѽջĻ᪾ۻſڡ


88
ǻӹ޵̰޶ȣʲô
벻ﻹ绨ڵǡȳŵĻ᪱ȽſڵŮӣǽʲô, 伸
ҪϹŲЦݣعӢһֻڼ򵥵ʺ
ϧս֮У̫ˡ
һ
Բ᪾ǰסǵ˫, ǵ, Լ, Ȼоһ˵ϡ
һ¥ջ᪾ڶ¥Ѿȫ, ¥
عӢǱش£ְ£ʵл֮
ҪһǰɡҶĵ
Ŀ𣿡عӢǰ, ȻСؿһ, ϶š
䵽Ļϡ
عӢ¥ϵúݵģҪ»ۣҺҲᱩ¶
˵, ǡĻҲΪ˱Ȼˣǵ𣿡
Ĵ𻰣˸, ĿЩ⡣η˵־
Ҳûг°С
Ȼһ˲뷨, ͢˵ĳ͢˵, ָúȥδӡ
սҲ, Ҳֹ
Ψ֮طɻ
ûȻظܵһ˿ɱ, Щ
ɱԶһۻź, Ծս, ֮Զش᪱Ƿ׷Ӵܡ
־Ļ̧ȥԶԶؿԼҵľڿɳƮϲ
嵴˶Żǣμϡ
ˡ˲ƶ˲٣ǰȥפӪأҼûȹһˡ

λؾǻǳİˣһȻǱãȲ
ߴٵʲôټҪɹ»Ұˡ
Ҳ׻᪾˵ز̫ȫλ
ҾפƳУڳԼþе˼ƥˡ
һ·᪾оա
ϵƳǣ˳š
ҾľӾפƳǵĳǽʮѾΪӪϲµĺۼʿϵı˺üԵ൱ǡ
Ӫãȷ˼ڴʢЩ
ʢһݸһ˼ڣû³ôûΣޣޡ
˺ü£澹Ȼɳӡ
˵طɳɳġӪĹþˡ͢ŵĲһǰͶˡ͵
仰û˻תҪҸûʲôζ
Ա㣬Ӫһ磬ƻʱ˳
Ϧ£عӢڰ٣Ϣǵ󣬺ȻǶ˽ʲô
ʮСﱻˣعӢȻǰ֮¶ŭڼ£˼ǵʥϣòòûر£ҽعӢý񡣡
ôһ㶼Ůû£ҲңԺ׼ĺġ˵űִعӢ֡
²ĺģһݵԱڼáعӢĻָκңȻܵһݱ˵һˣҺĸݶ

վӪǰ̸פر߹أɳ飬ټеܿԽ֮
ȴûж£ں̸˼䣬ĩβԻĹҲס
϶жƽȻЩʵԲ˼Ŵǽ͵
ʲôЦ飬ǿסûЦ
Ķʲôûɱ˷Źǲ
ǻӹ޵̰޶ȣʲô
䵽ԶعӢö˶ֶš
ʧ㡣׻Ӧ
عӢ֮䣬ҪҪ̸
ûע⵽Լĳƺʡˣĸʲô°
йбһ¡
ͺˣҹôࡣͷ
عӢ⣬ǡϣ
ʲô°
ûʲô¡
ûʲôҡ
ﲻǻʳǣҲǡĻδ˵ꡣ
ȴеĳζ󵨣㾹Ȼ˶˵
ˣץ
ԶԶŭһۣû֣Ҳֶ൱
£ǵʱҪҵĲ򲻿־С
ããһ첲ǰɡˡߵ˵Ļ衣
ܿŭƿӪʣ˽ȥ
磬ܰһҩ𣿡ҶָָԼֱۡ
ǰֻǼ򵥵ذ£˿ѿȥ˼֡
ҩֱϣҶüͷؿԼѪ˿ڡ
ǰûܹ𣿡ʵ
ûУǰҶɣɽҶĵ
Ҳûɢֻˡ
ֱһżС룬ҶĶ𪾢ݵֱȥʹȻԥҲ˿ڡ
һۣл⣬ùһǵݸ
Ҫҧʲô𣿡ʵƤˣɾͺãûôʹġ
Ҷıһ仰µĲϲ£һǺá
ҩٶȺܿ죬Ҷزϵİ׽᣺磬һЩ˯ĺܲȡ
ս֮أ˯Ȳġ
Ӧ
ҶĲԴûжʱûӰӡ
ֻԼĹȥͶʱżӦ仰ȥûʲôͷĵط
Ҷĸ̸ֺ˼䣬һ仰δ˵ڣ㷢ҶĿԼļ˯ˡ
ƿӸϣӪʡ
ڹڼžҶĴӱոհõۣζӳ¡
Ϸŵ㵽λ͵ԼҲӦЩľٴ롣
ʲôûУѵΪ̫˾ӣ֮Σ͵ױˣ
ͻԽҲЦȫȻ֮ˡҶķ˸ߡ
뿪ӪʣӪĺȥˡ
˿ѾӪʱĻʲô
ҩء־ҲΪҶˣžȼٵġ
Լңҵ¡ѹ¼޷޵ҶҪúýѵѵ
νѵվߵġ
ûҾβôؿһۡ
־Ҷ໰Ц¿ˣ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


89
ܾô˿̵Σգһ˵Σա
˼ոȨĶԲ, ҹʱµĸۡƽͼֽ
޷ٸ븮ۡࡣ
¹ڱʯϣһӰ븮Уү, ڶŻһټ
ȷ𣿡
ֻԼǻʵ, ˵ȼʳ
Цû뵽Ͷ, ҲȫȻûͷԡ
ʮ˱ͿɺȥüɻʳǸոո, ̫ȣǵֻػʳǡ
ЩܹӹĶ, Ȱ̫סܵȡıСʮܵ֡
߹صĽʿ, ȻʳǸĽʿΪҳϣȡ˱ǿҲЩѡ
, ߹Ҳǵˡ䲻ǰиԼ£߹صĽʿԻӺ
ָĲͻϽ
ֻǲ֪ʱ꣬ǵľΡ
еŶͨģȡϵΨһǵúŵġ
ֻҺʱ󡣡ӻ
Ĳ㼸, ò,˶٣, αҵ塣ȥһ档
߹ʮϢ, ֪ʳǵľϢձ, , δҵĿõѡ񡣡м, ɽĿڣʹ죺ֻеĲʱ󡣡
ʥ̰ĵӻʱࡣοʲô춯һ֪ͨ㡣羵ǱҲ˶š
ֲõԤУ˵ʲôֻܹԼĹء
ʳȻΣգ㽫ڡӦ¾ͼƽ˶֮һǲ˰죬ʣĻͼֽһȥ߹ء
šӹֻͼļࣺ·Сġ
˴γвҡֻʥڵĴ;档ٽ߹أĴְƳڽ佳ǣڴ˵صȺϢ
ΪԼݿȥЩ˼ڵͷһƯ÷׵ķ߸𣬿ȥ޸֮
Żֵսңһսݣضǻ᪾ʬ塣
µıҲʧ룬صԱ
Щ俴Ȥƿߣĳ࿴˼ۣҲûôϡ
ҹʱ֣ϣȥƳǣԶԶ׹
ʱӿ룬˳ǡ
ӪƳǿһɽرء
ɽ壬Ϊ˷ֹ˴ɽӪͻϮ
ҲΪ˵оϮɽϳʱڻ֮ء
ʿÿҲᵽɽȥѲߣ鿴ǷпʿѰ֮С
ϵüζҩսʱڣӪҪʶҩ֮ˡɽժҩˣܷǵľ衣ǽԼؾӪˣӶ˳ػӪС
ݽڣŻƻĺɫɽ
ɽϵ䲼õأСо󷨣׾ٵҵ˼̫յ塣
ֻὫУһڻ׽սͨҪ
ѰջǼʿҲܻ
ΪʹԼѲߵĽʿ֣ߵһװҩĵͬʱ½ǡ
⸽
֮УԶԶ˵޵Ҳˡ
ûɽʲôҶĵ
ӪĵúܣȻҪĴˡ־
˵⸽ӰӶûУҵҶĲҵֻСֹ
޽һ磬ûҵһӰڸ֡¶ֻ֣Ǹˡ
ҲˣңȻȥϢɡ־ʱ
á
һˣŵƻ轫ҹɫ
ҶȥıӰһʱû⡣
㿴
š
£ֻѵһǣĳˡ
ҲԼȥģҲͷϡûʲôּ߳䣬˻Ż
һôָⶼ΢طɱûֻ֣¡
̧ͷּľƫƣ֪˵б䡣
硣Ҷһʶס֡
ؾš˵صɽƣûʲôӵء
Դ֪Էһû
Ͷʯ·̽ذ
ʮ֧бý£֮С
ս֮ãΪ̣Ҫ֪󣬶ᲪȻŭ
Ҷվ࣬Ͼǵʥϣ¾㱻֪ˣҲǲ֮
¹ˡû˵󻰣ҡ
ǰУ߳ʮףѲذ
ȥɡҶĵû߼ȻһվڲԶּ䣬ʮ֧׼˵ĺס
˽һӰȴ쳣Ϥ·ǧǰĹˣذ׵ķƮԳвɲ׽Ӱӡ
ۼ֦İҪĸѡڴأδüңһʧظС
ŷ˵ǰиӲڸǣԵĴӡ
ϧѾˣ˳Ŵֲڵɳʯڻȥ
ֱ۱һѪ÷Ѿ˼ԼЩ˿ˡ
ϧҲвֹ̫۵Ӷϵʯʯǧ֮ءӵһƬڡ
硣Ҷȫʯ壬ʯȴ˿ֻܸȥ㡣
һƬڡ
ȿ˵Ļģ
ûд𻰡
ѭ뵽࣬ļ硣
ЩԸ˶໰ⱾûʲôɻǰһΣװɹʱҲǸư͡
ٶȿڵʲô֣
޷ֻдΪξң
Ⱦ;ˣΪʲôûἰԼڿӰһ˲ĸܡ
ָͣϵĴҲ쳣Ϥ
㻹ûлشҵ⡣ѵ
شһƬž
֪˿˻ѣȥҲ̱ҴʵûбҪ
ûҲǣУһʱ䲻֪˵ʲô
Ϊβ˵ĪǣԼֽԤ֪ĵ÷꣺Ǹưͣ
úܽ˵ڵĻܲò
ûиԷʱȥָΪΪӲò

ܸܵϢ˿ϷذΧסԼʯڵһǣָⴥüۣδȥסֹڵİҲʧ磿
˲ջ֣ͬһɲ˽ʵ
ʲôڵµĽǿ󣬶޼ҿɹ飬߹ˣ
˻֪͢ľϢҲȫȻ֪
ȷʵ޼ҿɹˣô˵Ź𣿡
˵Ҳ״˵֪գαصҲ˵
ȲػһʹҪʦ𣿡
Һ׷ǹʣҲֲ
޷صʥ̣¾һԲˮ¾лҺĶԹʹһʹ
һʵ䵽ĶС
Թˣôأץ֣бǵԼˮô
ûд𻰣ֻǳǳ΢Χȥ§סôңµҪڵ֮УֱҶûвˣſϸ˵һû
˻˵ģҪˡ
ҸܶλᣬˡδϹ㣬Ҳ´ΰɡĻһ٣ңҶҲ˹ֵ£㲻Թ𣿡
ҲԹ㡣磬ҴԹ㡣
޷ʲô¶û
ϲҡΪôĽŹңΪβŹԼأ
仰˵
ֳƬ̣뽫ӵַˡ
磬ԥʲô
ûС
ܾô˿̵Σգһ˵Σա·ܿ͸Լһ㡣
벻ɾܾ
磬ʲô
ҶΪȥôá
𣿡Ļ˶٣񵶿ʯϳĳӡۣ
ڱܵҪͼ䣬δڣڰкȻŵ


90
û׹ˣҶأ
λ, һȥն˶ߡ
ŨصѪζڿӵӿ֮ȫڰĻвʣԤ֮еĵȫͬ
ȻΪһ
, ǲǵʲôˣڵ
ջؽʴƵ, ɿʶ֣Ӧòʶ
šǲǺҪҶľǳȥ
Ȼ, ű
ķ˵
ȥôãҵû, ˡĵǲ޵ȴڱѩһ⡣
ǵĺҪϵÿؽڣֱ˶, ŷֺ䲻˿̵Ļе඾ٶȷˡ
վ, Զܿͷ
԰׵ɫȴܸܵ纮ֱ
Ĳûãüٲ˵ҩӦҲһʱˡ
鲻, ȻͺõЩڵεǶʱҲûҩ
;йһʱûкҩڵϵ඾ҲһΡ
Ϊ鲻ã˳Ļʵ
ְϥϣģķ΢΢㣬Ҫ, ʶرܿˡ
С˵, Ĭջ֡
鲻õԭ𣿡ĬƬ̣ʵ
ġҵĲκ, ֻǱѰ˸ˡ
ڰп, ֻܸ֪, һ
û̫Զӵ̫С, ߵʬڲԶ
ֶ߾屻, ԴҲܻϼʱһ̫СˣҲбҧķա
ڰȻȴҲø
ƿǴ򿪵΢죬鲻Խؿʵʲô
ûʲôȴûһĶʲôƵġ
ߣץ֡
ָ£һ
ɷ˵ָõһҩ衣
֪Ӳϡƽβѡ
ٲ˿ҩֻܼȻҲϣɽϾ
̶̼գƳ̷ҩ裿
ʲôҩʵ
ҩ඾ùͣʵûжӦܵЦЦôɹġ
ٲ˵ҩú̲ʱ䣬ȻԸΣûôʱȥҽΡ
Χ˻Ҫ黹кܶࡣ֮ȥ߹أƤ¼ҩ
һսʧͨôܵôֵĶ֢
˵⻹ǰСʱٻĶغе඾ͬʱʹֶԼȶ
Ѿ뵽ԵĶҩƸе඾
ֻ𵽶ڵãպǸٶֵҲѱ²
Ҽǵҩнǲݣ˯̫ãҼšûк˼˵˻أԶ֣ѳҩƿ
ץסͼֹ
̫΢ץʵȽǴš
磬ҪڿڣһȴϰԵĿǣż䡣
̫żԵЩӲܿʶ㣬˼֣磬Ҫ
û˵ܺڵʲôҲȴ·ܸоھעԼڸԼһλᡣ
磬˵Զ𣿡εѹȸУȲһΪ΢˵ǣھԶ
еĺ塣
ҩĶѹ㸹е඾˲֪Լϵ඾øˣ㵱ʲô¯ô
ҵ볣˲ͬҪô⣬Ҳû⡣ֱָϣָûҩƿ
Ǹӡ۵ԼӸȴֶ޿κΣŭ˦֡
ֱɳʯϣǰ˿ѿѪ
磬Ұɡ֧Ų˶ˡҲҩϵĲҩҲûĻһ·ϿҪʱˡ
Ļ˵üѣȴºͣ˵һ顣
Ϊ鲻𣿡޷Լһ£ΪҽڵΪ鲻ãŴԶ
š˳ĻʹѾʹˣҪ඾ʹ࣬һȥġ
˵˻ùеֻ΢Ϣ
ĸ֪ҲóٶۡϺƴһĴУݼš
Դȴºࣺأõ𣿡
ŷӦԼеò˿̵̬ȣȥס
ûƿָĵǿн͵ڡ
ȴͬڵĺҪ϶˲㱡˪
òԸǿѹڵĺ
ָȥϵı˪ֹ
˵ʲô鶾ҩҲõ𣿡
˵⻰ҿ϶ѹġ뿪Ц
ԽԽ䣬ֻĲЩ¶ȡ
磬ľ޴󡣡ʱںѻָͲҶʲô𣿡
ҪʲôúЦٴ󣬶ԸҲǴ´ࡣ
ˣ״̬ȴ൱á
Ͽʲôۣ۵ȥ˼κ⡣
ڵ඾ȥůָúȫ롣
ۣһƬڰ޷֪ʱ䡣
ָʶʱƺš
ˡֵ
ţ磬ղΪʲôң
㿪ĵˡ˫ֽŵϥϣ˴͵Ԥ룬ϢǾúۡ
ΪʲôҪҿĵ㣿
뿴ɵ¡
𽥱ֻͬҰˡ
û׹ˣҶأ
ֻСȸʵķңصҧһ촽ûУٺ˵
ȴû˿ܵԾȻҧĲء
ȻҲˡþյ
ǡ
һƬڰָOO@@طЩ
ôٶҲǵӱֻ˵СèһԼʱʱزһԼѰ󰮸Ƶġ
ԼǰжǴģΣգֻֻװϻè
һܣͷȥֶҪɫˡ
𣿡ʡ
ҡҡͷ
ָѹסԼ˳ëͷ
ʦȻڵ˵ϣҷŹԼҺӴ˺޹ϸܳŵ˵¿Ȼѡһ֪ǲˡ
أʵ
ǵĻȥڽմѪģƽ޹ɱһõɮⲻԡ
Ļ϶Ҫһһˡ
ҳʣؽٳĻڹǰɮ˲Ϊġ
һҪΪأƺĲõһ˵磬վ𣿡
һᡣ
ԼˣһʱЩʧ
ֱģ˼˻
ĬƬ̵֪Ϊʲô𣿡
Ϊʲô
·᲻صšһ¡
ĺһ˲Եסֵú˵ֶŵġ
ǰڵôҵġң
ַŵԼĸ
յ쳣һƺмѭֻԼûȥ
ʱղˣͰٻĶԽȻ֣Ǹ
ԼĻԼ֣ƺǿᵽʱʹࡣ
ִίʵںãԣǰοƵС
ʱĴôģ
Ϊ˵㲻
Ҳ
ðѱ˲˹̵طһ͵͵ˡ˵ҲȻҾԴ򲻹
ܡĮʱҾȻᣬֵòȻ֮ʲôʸΪ
硣Ҳôġ
Ҳôˡָ
ӣζȴϧһʱԡ
磬ʲôҶʲôʱ𣿡òԴ
ûСҡ
ôһѣȻ˵ҶģҵȥôûûӦΣˡ
ôİΣʲô
ʯشǧӵԶû֧ŵ㣬ڵײܴ򿪡ֻе֪ͨǲ˵ء
ֻٶһ顣
Ȼأ㻹ʲô
ҾʲôʲôԺ̫һԴ׵ġ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


91
ڿӵ״ãʯϣ
ڿӵ״, ʯϣ
ţƤһ磬ҪҪ˯һ, Ҹ㳪ҡ
㻹ᳪһЦð
αߵĺ, תǺӡˮߵĵ, һҡҷš
ȻĻ棬ȴ޶һֱ˵
ʵ˭ģ
ϲԼԼ
ϲֻ͡ܡкܴ, ֪ʱ߶ؼʥ̡
ҡǺܾǰ׳ġ
ǰ£ڲ׵¡
, Ҳ־⡣
ļϣ˯һ
дż
ż򴦵·һŨȴصİΧš
̫, ˯ȥˡ
ԼԼ˸ڵ඾ǻˣŻ˺ķ
ܽ˻ǣס, ;вСĳ˱ʣҲԼĶ֡
վԼߣΪ֪ࡣ
ԼʦԱȣȻѡԼ
ء
ǰ˵ûϹ˵òԣϹ, 嶯, Ψһһϻȴʹࡣ
ҲһΣԼվǸ, ΪԼİ֮˵ı, ̲סȥðա
Լ, δԼ, û뵽Դùǵķʽ޷¡
жٴγ嶯ʱ̡
˿̵Ŀһжûвϡ
ð, ԼĴ˴ж⡣
һнһࡣסֱģҲźϧڡ
ҶĴɽ˳ֱӪҹɫ
ҵľʣͷŵƣȴټ
ڴʱ᲻صĽŲҶľػعͷ
ɫؿԲ䷭ֻģ
ôҶôżæŵʲô
㽫Һڻ֪ʡҶĵ
б𣿡ǺȻȻ򣬵ˣ
㲻֪Ҷĵ󲻾ġ
ΪҪ󣬾Ϊ˶Ըǣһָǻءϵ鲻α㻹ǵǰ˵ǸӰ˵ǸӰġ
ȷʵû֤֤һģҶĵﷸֹ
ģҶĵ˼֡
ȥˣս·æвôá
Ҷüͷ壺Ȼˣ´Ӽȥɡ
⡭¶˼ƤˣģҾ²ҵġһ뿪ˣ˭Ӫصİȫء
Ǳ£ô᲻ġֻҪʮ˾ͺáҶļе
̾˿Ϊѵ⣬ܡƼʱͻˣƬ̡
ҹ绹档
һԵ־Ҷĵ˱裺Ҷ˵ҹɫǻֲָ֡ģǾٸðȻ룬»棬Ȱ㡣
˵ĲǺ޵Ҷı˵ˣֻЩǣɵ˿ڲ衣

еˡ
ǰӶŻ˵أûôʳϸڵ඾롣
ԭֻڵãذˡ
ҶɵӣȻ书ƽƽɿ
һʼͷųƱڻСͻǽϡ
˳ɳʯڻǰ˻³һǿʴԡڻǽĽ״ʣ̶÷иʯ塣
ȴ뵱ʥ̷ֶڵĻ¥ͬ
ʯڳ걻ʴԼǿĳˮݣǿиɡ׾ٵرи
ʯȴûô
С͵ĻرڻȻܸʴǽ壬ȴΪģСٶȼΪ
ԵĹʱ䣬ҲҪȵʱ
ӻóȣ˸ۡ
ٵش˶ߣڻһ⡣
ֻðƬ̣ȴ˹
ʲô
Ϊ˯ѣЩɳƣյߣ΢ɢļϡ
ڿ⣿
ȵϢĶϣǹģܸ˯ѣȫƾűܡ
ôľ룬ԼĶ䣬ĶԾؿʼȡ
ôô̰԰͵͵ģһ̶̵Ļֶ٣βŵжĥ֮С
˿ݵǰҪ硣
ζζƮıǼ䣬е̼ڳˣɫЩˡ
˶٣ֵܶ𣿡
šҶˡĻ
ԶԲһĴϷ
ų˵㣬˻ۣŵرס
ͷľһȱȫеС
ǲеºڣҪѻϰɡ
̫ܵã̫ˡ
Ӧа취ȥ𣿡ģָḧͷ㷽Ųó˻ȡ
ʵһʼС͵ĻиʯˣֻĹģ̫СиٶȹҶĲܾҲҪȵʱ
ĿӦܰʱҶĹƸϲˣĴرǸΣա
硣ؽһ
ţҲ˵ˡ
˵Ϊʲô˵ֻǽнѡһ޹

˵Խ˵Խ𾢡˲书ӦòҶĵĶ֡
̫ͬ뷨Ҷ˼ˡ
˼ԭôġ
ں֪طӦεֻʵʵ˵
˼ǲǡ÷Ŀζ㲻ϲһ𣿡
ϲһġ
˻̫飬˵ڡ
ͳϳѧʳ˼̻Ľ͡ڸ鷽沢ٶۣЩѧɲšֱֻ׵Ĺֵ黰̫硣
ĬţҲȫǡ
Ժֳ︡ЩµӰӣǰе㡣
ء
ôãһǣˣҲֻܽʵˡ
Ȼ֪ⲻʲôûҧһڡ
˵ġ
û˵Щί磬ôô
ϵӡû˵һҡ
ˣСءڡʹ硣
ҧĲʹģ˸о˳ġ
˵ءؽ˾䣬ϲŭ
ȻЩ񣬵Ұ򡣡
ò˵СΪȡõ㲻׷ǰΪ΢ֵĴļӡ
֪ǹģǱ˻ק½ǽ΢΢ԼĻˡ
磬㲻ϲ𣿡
Ļ̫ãһȱ
Ųλã磬ȥˡҶô

л˵
ֱǣǷС
µһ쿪ģ彡⡪
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


92
ô֮Ϭ
һҹܿȥ, ûȱʱ򣬻еڻпʯ壬͸˽
ӻͨͨڳȥ, ס۵Ĺ, ˳
Ǻ, 硣
۳ӿ
Լϵɳʯмľȥϵġ
Ļ, 쳣Σգ㡭Ļ˵һ룬Ȼ, ۻû˱еŵ, Լ
Ȼᳵ·ش߳ɽ
ĵȴðʡ
ȻôûأǰΪҪԼվ, ֮С
Ǹոպͽ⣬ãʺЩֻҰ²
磬ʲôüġ
𣿡е㾪Լ˽⡣
磬һ·Ͼ, Լûио𣿡һɵĿǣҪ, 㶼֪˶ˡ
ǣллˡǳǳЦ, ʢů͵Ĺ⡣
©һ, תȵҲѧɻˡ
ΣС
ǰԶǾӪ, ʾЩ, Ӫڡ
Ļ˵, Ǻֱͻᱻʱ䣬ҶĿܻᱻתλá
ϾǸʵۣȻǸǵ߹صʵۣҲץ̱ƹ
ȥҵҶġ
Ҷĵĵط޷ǾôҪôǾӪΪĿӪҪôԼӪʻ־Ӫʡ
ôĸԸ񣬲Ҷµ˺Լһţ־Ӫпܵĵط
Ƶʺ޶ڡ
ʮֻֻͷ͸ʲЩҰ
֮⣬һŨҵľ
ǰ׾˳žԴҵ˫ֱڿ̨ϵҶġ
̨ĻϨɫҶͷڱĿϣ˯˹ȥ
ѡ
ҶԺۣʶƳ˾䣺硣
ָɰ
Ҷе磬Բûиϵûá
Ⱦˣ
ûСҶҲŵԼϵľеɻüڸһ㣺磬ɱʦô
ǸᡣһԱܹպлϸ˵
ҶܸоЩŭֻԼûб¶ǳڵԸԼ֪
ǸϲߵˣǲԸԼߡ
Ҷһʱʧ
קԼߣˡ
ȻԶŲͽ̸
־ЩΪνҪС˵Ӫ￴
รǰӪǶڷžʵģˣǲǵûаɾ
ԺȵȣСȥʰʰ
αʰԼֵܣ⡣
ˬȴ֪סĵطúݣҵۡȥ
ǣǡ
־һϵӪڣ㶣ݵĴ㵲ûάֶãܿˡ
ǵ·ǰǺ޸ϵ
ʱ̤ڡ
˷龰ЦȥŻǴһС̣ôô֡
ձɽĻڣһԲߡҶĿ˿˶٣ָ־˭֪ڲˮҩҰеĻҲ򿪵ġ
ҶպȾƺȺͿ˰ɡҹСܺȾƣʤˣ˾Ʒ裬СӰ첻ãŰʱڡ˵˵ȥҽв㰡
ҹûȾơҶĺ
㿴ľζӾƸ̳һűӲ廰
㣬ǡҶ֮ȴְٿĪ硣
ڷѯҶĺͲµˣ⡣
һ֣֪ڴ˺洦
ǽк󣬻Īǡþڱº뿪󲻾á
ֻ˵Ҽұ¼ࡣ־
ôЦһδϺĻϵ֮أֻλѲߴ˵صĽʿ֪һֻܹѲߴ˵صĽʿܲ
ĻˣԼ˽´ȥι۹˵ءɽѲߵĽʿԼ꣬ȻأûҪδıҶԡ
ɡ
ɫͣƬ̺˳Ļ˾صأְأӦܷ
ĵصڼΪεĳפõıֶΡ
ѲɽĽʿһҲֻܾˣᶢŴ˵ء˷൱
Ȼֻֻ֪˳̨¡ȥѯʡ˵ѯʣιʱҲڣʱر¶ţ²̨
Լָδ
Ϊڰö⡣
ԭΪһ֮ѣ㿴˳۶ˡ
ֻһۣǧջһԲתȥ
־˱˻ԣ׷ߵ죬ȥ𣿡
ͣ½ŲǱԷ紵ӯӯ죬ת½󣬳Ժι˺ȾƣһδһΡ
˫Ż벻մأˣﲻ⿪ʼֱڽԼȴҶ໰
żӪʵľ룬ԾЩ졣
ЩϾԹԣûԸⱳοһںڹ
ԶԶۣҲûȺмĲͻϽӰת뿪ˡ
ʱδȫתǱ߹֮أ漸⡣
кȾƣȵһʱƿ˽
ߵ£ùеľƺһڡ
˿ǰĵؽƺ˹
磬ǲˡĿ䣬ֻ˵ʱ޶˴˼Ŵ
ľ֣ҲЩ
ϸشĩҲֻԹԼ
Ϊ޷㰲ģҪ顣ûа취Ը𣿡
˴֮գϱʳǱңȨ߸µݲһ㡣
ԡֻλԼԸȥ֪ΣǱȥҲ̫ÿ
Ҳòÿ
˳Լ̨׳ͷ߹ؽ죬ڱ߹ּ׿սֻܿӺ֧ţԽһκһССĲᱻŴ
࣬𲽼ܿð취
˶٣ڵ磬Ҵˡ
һƬžúԳصĺ̾Ϣ㡣
̧֣ĸֱ
֪ˣѲֻеãΪ͸ã
Ǵֻһҵ
һˣֵôཫͷ­Ѫ
ػȴһ͢ôЦ
ˣûһ̱ȴ˿̸ѣֻǡ
ǲģȴмʵ⡣ɿžƺָ֣ⴹʱǿ塣
ԼĹ£ֲֻһ£Լ游ȷʵϣһ¾֮ˡ
ôԼЩʲôأ
ĽսǶָ죺ЩǸı䲻˵ģֻܾԼöԵ飬𣿡
ȴֲڿг⣬˼ǡ
۾Լ顣
ı䲻ˣǸ֮ˡ
ôүĸǿ

︦һðͷһְ㲻ʰ
ͬҵ£˲ҡ
жǰӹ
һҵĸᾡЧҡ
ô鶼ӭжˡ
ö⣬ҲȻˡ
šסͨˡ
Ǿͺá
ôͨʲô
ʡ
ΪһɽɣõԶǴ
Ϊ㶼վߡ
ɻü漴һЦô֮Ϭ𣿡
⣺硣
һûģùԼϵľƺ͹һڣס֣뻹ҵʲô
Ŀˮһ㡣
ٶҡЦˣᣬΨһһھƾ§粻Ըҹãιҡ
ҲҪι㣬Ҫϡһ
Ķ˵û˵Լ˼ˡ
Цҿǻ
û˵꣬ԼϹģܹô
ʲôʱж
ͷһ¡
ˣ˵նŻڻ᪾˳Ϊҽӷϴˣ磬˵Ӧȥ𣿡
ΪβȥڣǺ磿
ЦҲ¡
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


93
š㣬һӶůġӦ
ûǿ, غǺƣ˵ʡȥϴĹ
ҸԸϴ롣˵
ϲӲˣҲһˡίίղŲǻȵúܿġ
ıԸ׵㡣˶Ĵָʳָ, 
ϵ, ⴫Щ, Ƭ̺󣬼˳űսڵİʯϡ
Ϊ׵Ľʿ, ȥþʣλ
ˣ˯
Ǹʿ˿, λӽҲ޷ﻹмӪ, ίǼһ顣
Ŷλˡش𻰵޸֮һ˯, һ飬Ȼɥ֮¡ӦңҲðЩ
ȻˣǾͲǿˡ
ǽʿ˵˳ȥ
һۣ˵Ҳݸ塣
ҲΪ˸롣
ⷬ, ΪҼȻ˵˯, Ͳ˵ʲô
ϵĶһͣ٣Ħָ, ת¯ӡ
߹, һ˯ʱֱ˯ľ, , ȷܲӦ, ľ˲㱡ӡ
˵סһ䣬ʱ֣ʿǰæһľ
⿪´˦ſõĴϡ
ǰƻ谵⻹ϡ˵
ǰ챻ϥ֧һȡشϥϣƺ顣
Ҫȱ߹ȶܻ
ڼսҲվƳʧأ˵صľӪоͻϮ
Ȼ֮¡
Ҫ֪سȴʱ
ƿǣֻпһе¶ȣ˲㱡˪
磬ҡߵȴжԼ§˹ȥ
ԱסҲûô䡣
ôôǱԹȴԵԼİ⡣
ΪůĻﶯҲ붯³ɡ
ů
šӦǴЦģĻů
Һϲ˵ֽ꣬ս˳һ¡
Ķ΢΢졣
ҲֻҵĻůˡɱˣȻЩˣɱ˵ĳģԾ֮ˡ
ѵ𣿡ʵȴָشָǾԼɱҵ̫ҵĻӦҲģо𣿡
ȵϢĶϡ۾ǹ⣬ȴڡ
Եúܾף·һƽҹɢķҷبŲζ˰ġ
ɱҵжأҶᱣ㡣ӵŵҲ˵־ζ磬۷ʲô㶼Ҫţ뻤סˡ
ҴĻġ
š㣬һӶůġӦ
Լҹ˰㣬΢΢Щ̣ƺ֮ʣǼȴһֱζ
ͻأذԼůϤ
ֱ̫𣬻ֻεĴ
ʱѲС
˵ҪȴʱȴĹе׻йѵøЩ
ͷСز⡣
䣬־ԶӪԶԶˣ²ʲôŤˡ
ҹʱǵɶ𣿡ʵ
ûûʲô־ǰôһ棬ﻹ𡣼̫֮֮˻ᱻҹֻڼ׿һ䣬ʲôҲû
飬Ӧͦġ־ȷ֮ʲôҲû
˹ˣǷҪһ˯һΪʲôϵѵΪ䣿
ûʲôġȻˣǲ£
Ͱ˵İ졣˳Ļ޾ͽˣȥ̽̽Ŀڷ硣
ǡ
磬¸˵Ҷ££紵½΢΢졣
һ۵ȥ˵ɡ
磬ҹҿԱߵ⡣Ҷĵ𽥱ͣûǰ˵϶ǳġ
ίĵֶζʹЦһֻҪǶ
磬𣿡ҶСȥֹģñȽԶҲ֤͵±һңҡ
ᡣ̫ࡣ
˽ҶĵԸȽƣͲߡ˵ˡ
Ҷȴô룺磬ϲ˵һڹҡ
ûй㡣
ҵ뷨ˣʵҵ뷨˵ûôҪļ磬ĳҪԼ֪𣿡
ҡ֪ˣ硣
š

չˣ
ϵ£־˽
Ϲžеıʳﻹһˮ
ɡֽӹ
Цչ˸߳һǷ糾Ϊ߹֮ܿࡣ
ͣפ룬˵ʲôо·˿͸˰㡣ĿȴûʲôԣΪ˫۾ںÿ
вˣĿףֻ˵Ͷʱѡ
عҿӵòǸ˰ɡ
¼Ҿƶ顣ӦԶ񣬸˵ˡ
;
вƽƵģκα˲ѧǳ
Ҳ;ֻʱ˲ãʥ̧㣬պûгͷ֮գ
Цһ˻ʾ
ϵΣ
ͬ㡣
Ȼˣ¾ͺðˡֻǲ֪չǷԸΪǰ;Զ㡣
˵ز̫㣬˲ҳȥϸ˵
Ҳá

ͬ𣿡־ɫҴҵزС
£øϽ׼ˡ־嵶һȵͰ׼Ϊǿˡ
˵ģ׷ʵ
չ˵⣬ʮ֮ھҪͷء
ĴԿհһ˲в֪ǰûгưոݵģڸô죿
Īš־˿ӻҸչ˵ǵĴ㣬չӲӦ˴£Ϊǳﻮж
ô˵æ׷ʵ
˵Ҫ֪سͲӪ֮СһƤ£ý
˼
ܰսȥҶ֡ʱڵо֮£ҲԵú
ҪǲԸȥô죿
ҪҸȥһǰˣҪȥˣ߹ػģѲȥչ˵ʱǸҩ֤һʧ
Ļһ١
ʵʲô
ʱ򻹵ñԸҸʱ뿪ߣ˲ŷ㶯֡ҲҪ˸Լֻչȥһ
©ȻܸҡҲܸ𣿡
δش𣬶ǷʣҪҸڴչ뿪
⡭ѡ
ֻм⿴չӣѰں˽ᣬܷߡ˽ᣬҡʱչӣҲ϶͵͵ظǣһʧˣҲº޹ϵ¿Գװɡ
չĻڡңҪʲô
ȻҪָˣµĺĸ볯Ϊء룬ЦǸظ֮ˡչ˵ֻܰæҩһ£ҪԼ
˵մѪҲЦһġ
ؿЦԥŴӻóһֽչ˵ϣֽϸǸ¡
ֽƬ̣޷ǾЩֹ͵ĳ滰Цˣɡ
´ףƾɵİ򿪣ַ˺üóʱæϵ
ӡմ£ȥӡο͸ֽ


94
оԼмˣûȾƣȴƮƮġ
Ŀ, Զ̤ͣ
ۣһ֧ľɳſ, ƺӪ󷽡
߹ϲѶ, °͵ļ, ƵһΪյרΪһ˶裬Щϳ
ܸ÷˰ɡ
һֱܷİü綼˵˻ᱣ, ôˡ
ЦһûнҴ
ڶĳɢ, ȥ߹صľңô, ٺЩ
Ǵҿ㣬޷ҲǺһ, ƴǲӦ
һֳľϣǰǧҵĶԲԣ
ҧ, ǵǰ, ¶Ŀȴŵʾ˾κβʡ
ǧԴ˿ĳɷ֡ôһ, , ôҲ˵Լƽƽ
ԼͲһٱ˵, ٱǧ˵
, 㵲ơӦ
á, һڡ
΢һͷܿӯЩ񲻶ƿߡ
ץ֣δã͸оѹ壬رסԼ
Ķ䲻ᣬȴԵΪܡ
ָ죬Ǽ£ǼζƳ¶дŵɻ㣬Լϲζ
ڻһô͸ˮһϸɳҲԵЩȡ
磬֣ͨһΪ㲻ϲôҡ
Ϊ֮ǰ롣ͷԵҧһڡ
֪ǲĴܾС䣬ʹʱɫúܲ԰ףðܶ亹ɫȥȴܴһĴ̼졣
ȴٶӦȻ԰ԼԤĵ·ǰС
˵˼ֵزҩӰ
¯
ָգǰķɫ̷˵΢졣
ȴ֪ΪʲôоʹԼĪЦı඼΢ʹС
׷ָĵطưο㡣
׵úȴǰĻǵʱңֻŪҵʱϲȫȫյؽô
ûȤζ˵ڣ˶٣õѡ˸̫ݴʣɡ
еϧ˲ʱȥһ룬΢΢üǰôûôСۡ
δӻֿڵ졣׼ˡ
һ˵ƽȣԲȴŲ๺㲻ҳԡ
̲סЦˣװȻе㲻˵ܻķɡ
Ļû˵꣬Ͷסͣ׵ͷЩǣȴ
Դõ£ĺ׼ת̫죬Щȡ
û˸ֳߵѹסڷмƴĶߣõ﷢
оԼмˣûȾƣȴƮƮġ
ڴϵǼᣬƺ嶼˵㷴Ӧ
̫ϲѹƵĸоµһĽͣϲһˣҲ۰㣬ռ㡣
ûƿʶؼ
ЩʹͣԴίؿ
Լû뵽ʲôܾɣֻ˸ŵĽڣ˿̫á
ȻһףܾҲֽڡ
ۿɼȥϲ绳粻ϲ𣿡
㡭˵ѹҴˣɻǶȣ˵ԼҲûѵΪԼ̫ˣ
һ¸еͷۡ
ҵĴֱۣ𣿡
ֱۡȥʹֱϵĺӡᴵǲԾ
ĺûã
߹࣬ǽӪڳУҲ磬ֻмһھ۾ƣȨ硣
ǰЩս·æ˶ŻڵĻ᪾ûúףû뵽ϵ˻ϽʤЦ
µĽ뷢ףȴ壬ؾ˱ơ
Ͻ񳯻Ӫǡ°ڼݴ˵أҲһԵ֡
һжţܿˡѾٱһ
粻ˣڹдô꣬ίһ׵ǻġ
Ʊյ亮ѵòˣᵽ˳ᵽҶĺ
ܵλ͵ıƳǡ
ΪΪţǰƣ˳Ҷһ
Ҿ¶ǣĲЩȡԴҡεߵǰ
յƣײܽճ
˿̻ѿ΢΢㵡
ܵظƣյײ졣
ѻع
Ͻǰô౭ƣͲضˡҸˣ⡣
Ӧٺ˼ڡһʱȫޣصػصϯֻǲϡ
Ļ㣬صϯδǾرִԵѡ
Ϊ˸Լ֮ġ˽᡹̵棬ʱʱضƣжĸȤ
;룬ݲ֮Ļ٣ϯνĻӦ˹ȥ
û׳ʥкιֻ֪Ǹδе
Ϊ鷳ҲûҴݣֻĬĬذơ
ʱȥҲ˵Լ˶ٱٺõľҲ˼⡣
£ϳȸˡϳҲˡ

ϯ˽ɢˡ
ϣѰ˵˰Ʒ裬ֻǵץ֣ȥΪ
ҶһֱߵĶԼ˵ɱʦ飬Ȼ
һ˵ǺˣҲ׽
磬ҪΪҵˣѾˡ
ûСر
ЦȾˣøҺȺ𣿡
ðɡյٺȵ㣬Ҳ뱳һȥ
ȥɡϯϵɢ˴룬Ҷߵǰ־Ҫ
ҲҪ͡ȴؾܾˣҪ͡
ãȥӦüĺȵ̫ˡ
û˾ܾԼǺˣҶĶ̡
ƤͱвʣҲȻȥˡ
ԵЩ
æȥɡѴ
ͻϽˡ
ֻһ£ȻˣжȴѣͦġǰֳĳֻΪ˶Ŀ
뿪ľʣѾͷĵذ
Ǹ˾Ƶˡͦȴ֡
ǣתò˳֣ûͣһ־ֱҪøЩ
磬𶯡ĶȾһ㱡졣
ûٶˣֻάƬ̡
е㷢̣ô˵Ҳĳ֪ûڱǰ˾ȹˡ
벻⡣ѹЦ
ܺʱԼԼɡЩ޿κΡ
æһѣ˭֪ü˦ˣЦͦ
ǰ§뱧ȥ˴ϡ
磬һѾҩȥĬĬϱ졣
ۣĸǰϳݼӵ¡


95
鲻Խ֣ȵָβȥ۽
ѹ, ˵һۡ
֪룬ߵҩһʱѲ
վ, һ, ԭΪǳ, 룬Ҵй⸴֮ա
뵽֮, ѲݺᣬŲĨᡣмֲ˼ֹܿסеĸˡŵ³ø, һж˵
Ҳףϻź, ҲԶ߹ءûҲǳصġ
´ĺǶԼĶڴӵվ, Բ˳
ʱ·ѣʦΪɣȡλ
вû㿼ŻὫڻʳǡ
ѿ˿, ǰ˵ؾΪ˼򵥵ɡ
Ҫشй, ѹƸ·Ҫ㹻
˿ܽõֻʣڴΪԼĲƽ
˵ؿΪ˱
ǡȴҲΪ˱ѹ߹ʮǳ, 빥ռ᪾֮̾, ܽ
͸ҹɫƽʣ߹ز
ѳ̾, ˵ص±Ҫ۸ӵöࡣ
ؿ, ڵĺ󻰡
ѵȥûʲôǸ, ʵһֱĲƽΪƫԶ֮أƽֻһĶս
һŻ᪾һַֹԼھеĵλȡ߹һֱȶĳ͢һ棬Ҳһ档
ѳ̾Ȼ࣬вʵȨ»һ˼ҡ
ô˵жϵĲǸ㡣
ΪѸߣ췴ҲûȫȻҡѵˣѡļλȻسǡ
سǴΣ
سǴ¼ǸϸĽ졣ѵ˽֮һΪ˵ãƳǣһ˳ȡ»᪾ű׼
˼Ƭ̣Ȼ֪ԣ˻㽫ν²ΪʵûиʵѡĽ鲻ǳ
롣سǽ֮ȻʢھӪ֮УôֻһࡣԵֱռƳھеĵλȶ
ˣǸѶԸˡ
֪⣬ȻûԼ˵˼ҲòԼ
Ϊţȴû׷ȥ˾¡
ӹҺĲƽ£ֻ򵱳ȱ轫֮šַ»ʵǻ£ǰɳҲ
ѺѰƫ¡
ΪѵѾƲ裬ܳƴǣƴǲؽӹյһ
ӻӹ뷨ûϧȶҪֻжȨǸ൱ͷ۵⡣ֲ¡
˵»֮л˼أ⼸ɫǴ֪֮¡
Ҳ˵ЩǰɳھߣΪ٣м־˶Ϊ΢ʡ
֪£ҹʱоѡӹȴҲϧҪԼ
ΪͼʡҲΪͼģΪסٻӹ֮ȹϵ˸λЩγר
ܺһĳʱģάס˳ҵľ档ƮƮԶڴҲڴİա
ܣǴ״Ԫ֮£ɸп
ҲĵѲ̸ܣº˲٣Ϊݰ˲ʵ£Ĳ£ײܽΡ
һأǵʱˣٲȥ͸ˡ
ͷᣬѹ˳ȥ
ҹĴߣָȵֱ
ǵ˵¶ðġ
һ뵽ɢ¶ȣ͸׽
ؿһ£ϴ촽У߬ȡϵ¶ȡ
ֱԼ϶մϢ˸λã§˯ȥ
ʱͷʹһƺ˯ôʱˡҲ˵ȥ
Ǳ߹صľƹң
磬ͷ𣿡ѯ̫Ѩ
ûףͼΧѹɤô죬ĻôÿȫռУԶԶҡ
Щͣ·𱻰͸ů⡣
ñ̬һЦתżĵصҲһ
׷Ŀ⣬ָ̽գչȥ
˶Ѫյͣܿ͹һţ·Ѳ
磬ص㡣͵͵شϢһ
ϵĶЩԥϧȻΪҲûö
Ѱָⴥĵطдŵ㲻Եʹ⣬ǵûǹ⣬Եһطġ
ǰֻЦȴмֿЦá
ԼҪ̲ȥˣţݼĴϢأ磬̫ˡ
ݵüë΢΢ţմ˼Եˮƽ˼ִС
鲻Խ֣ȵָβȥ۽ǵˮ
˻һʰһ¡
ľһδɵˮ飬ͷĻƵغ硣
ͷסο
ɳܵطԼϲˣԼֱһ㣬ȡΪݵƬᡣ
ȴ֪һ㣬ֻǵؾϧԼǸ顣
ʲôȥõšĶʵ
ֻԵĵͲɡ˼Ц⡣
ҿ԰ѱĽһ㣬ܸóԡ̲ס
ǸСĵ㣬յԼˡ˵ûͷûβĻ
Ϊ˭ô𣿡ɿĻƷ
ҲҪûи
ٺ˵ȥ
ʣײӭҶġ
磬ҸѾҶһҩ˷紵΢΢죺ֻûҵʱ͸㡣
ȻˣϾҶĵһ⣬ˡ
ҶĽ˵һ뵽ǰԴ׵ӣЩס
վſڽƬ̣мֻ
磬㲻ҶĵĿ˼֣Ļû˵꣬ϵ´˳
ôˣ
һһȥ
ۣ£ţഩ·
ȥˡ
ֽӹҶеллЩʱͻ㡣
šҶӦһ
ˡ࣬˴⡣
˶߼׷紵Щ䣬Ȼֵѯˣһֱûʹ㣬㸹еĺǲǸ÷ˣ
û˵ǰҹһΣѾöҩˣֻܺӦԹȥڷĴ½ˡ
̫ģֲԸ޹ʴƭԼֻȥɽִүүٰϸЩɡ
š磬Ҷġ
ҶѻصԼУԶԶؿȥıӰѪӿֱһ壬ҹ㷢ա
շתĶ־ʲôˣ
ûʲô£ǸҶҹ﷢գôѱ¾ˡ־һصҸϽȥЩ˰Щ
Ҷķˣûȥס־ʵ
ҹ˾ģǻûյϢɡ
ŶӦ
ԴͶϺ㲻ô֮Ĺϵˡ
УǸԼվͬһϵƣҶĲӦóȥǸˡ
ϵУһͷһѣԼ͹һˡ
ߣҹȥۣ˴
ǡ־
谵£ҶĵĴɫ԰ֽĴոҩҴҵشⴳ˽
μ¡
ôˣʵ
رµĻֻͨķ纮ȼҩͺˡ
ţ°ɡ
Ը粻ĴǲҶԣæ˳ȥ
־С̧ͷһۣµ˼
ҶĵıƵϵһͰˮ
ǡ


96
سǼ粿͸һϵĻ᪾ܡ
δ, ĺ£عӢɫصվſڣҶ״̫á
عӢçײ֮, ֻͨĲ̫, Բڼ֮ǰ
첽Ҷĵиȥ, һߵ׷ʲô
عӢǿĲ߱߸š
Ӫʵľ벢Զ, ҶĵĴǰ
ҪִҶµıۿɼʪ͸ˣýӲʵ
طַҶ, عӢԱ߰š
Ҷĵ˫۽ţˮغš
ûжʱȥڳľ, ֻܽԼӪʡ
ǡûһſõĴϵıҶĵϡ
ȥҩعӢ
Ҷµ״ֻ̬һϢݣ纮ڻʪ֮, ֻڵʪų
ʱɫˡ۾ˣ
Ķˣ
Ӧ, ֻ˼±㲽ĸǰʲô
Ҷ, ˮֻʱס
Ŷ
ĶԲԣ, ߡ
š, ֲ˾䣺Ǹˡ
ĺҧú, ԵҾչ̫ʺ, ȥӪ˯ɡ
ﲻʣü, һ
֪ѹ˼֣ԵòôӲ
ȴδţǰİˡ
ҶĵӪڣʣ̱û谵޹⡣
̨еֽ˳ֽӡŴĹӡ
ֽϣһξա
ֽŰ¶㱡ֽ
һԼдҪλķģǿհ׵ģֻ½лӡ
һֽʣһдɺ󣬲Ÿմһ
ֻֽ˻ӡ
ȡмǲ㰴лӡֽš
ʥּҲãҲաʣɺԺݣּҲһɲ䡣
ֽдּóãһֻСĻеϻڴ
ֽװеȲֽеװػС
£ĴԷſһ˲˵ֻΪѰʱе׻Щ
ָᴥ˴ϵı죬ȷʵ˵޷˯ˡлǲ̫ʹ졣
֪˶ã⴫Щ
ʱ˴⵽˽Լصôʲô
粻üչҶ𣿡
Ĳ״ѾЩתˡߵ࣬ҵ˺𣿡
ٷҲȷʵйС۵뷨һԵˣоֻʣһȻô뷨ˡ
СĴָ
ҵ˺𣿡ظһ飬ڶеɬ
мֲ˼
úЦӲסЦ⡣
ҽȥˡٵһİҵߣ˯š
ţǾͲȥˡ
ۿɫмί
æҲȥˡ
һ˲ָʪ͸ıҪ˯Ŵ𣿡
Ƭ̣뿴𣿡
ǲԾǰסػ˻ΣҪȥ𣿡
ţȥú塣һͿػر
˵ĿֻǸ˵ʵϲڲݴιӡ
ƧĵطȻѱ춼˳
ӶŪˡ
˿ϴ⡣
磬¡
˷纮ſ¡ǰģмĵĺҲ֪ʲôʱ
뵽Ӳת˸⣺ʶЩ𣿡
ֻʶ򵥵ĲǣǣŮޣޡ
㻹
ʶͲܿ±·㣬㲻ʶ㣬Ҳһ࿴㼸ۡ˳ڵΪÿ
ûסЦΪһģѧ˵ôŤ黰ˡ
㻹ˡЦ
Ҹϲҡ
Цչ
̵Ų˵㡣
촽һ¡
ָоɽطûǵңȴӯõξ㡣
еˡ
𣿡
СûõĺԱ߻һСƣ˸оڱ߹أĹ
һ
ҶˣعӢ˽
ʱǰˡأһû˵лл
һԵһЦƲˣǺȥ󷽵ɽϿˡ
˵ʲôءعӢײһ£Ϊ˰ѷڸ㣬㾲
Ҷ˸ţɫ԰˼֣Ҹое㲻
ţϢɣǳȥˡ
պ佳ǵʥĴյһֻе
պԶƽֳǵسǾӪнӴԻʳǵʹһּ
ʥּ˵ʲôسǵԲʵ
ҪҵٻرƳǡسǵɫ쳣ء
رʲôߵ̻ûءԲ⣬ܣһʲô
ֻʥϵּ⣬سȷʵûӡ
سɫɳˡ
ôˣԲʵ
ʥּ˵ͨѹرǰΧˣϣܹպһ
ô᣿
ȻǱԩģҪȥسǵ
ɴ˵սȼҲ󲻵á
һǰش˵أպһϡسнƽݺͲƽ֮£οڶ֪֮ϡ
һŻҹƳǳС
֪ǲʥּ;еˣ˵صƳǾ㲻߲ݵظ·˵ҲҪҹ
ʥּȴдպҪʼΧˡ
سǵһʹĲΪպóʥּĲ¶ӡ
һ޿κΣֻܼ߲ݵظ·
ͬʱʥڵĴְƽ;ǳصĻ᪾ͨ籨š
سǵľѾҹûˣԹصʿҲʮֵ䡣
˵쳣վɽȡϢĺȥɽʿʵѾ߲ˡ
سǱΣֻϢʱ
о˵ɽվұ֮أҺۣľսصŰʱȥ
˼ʿǱߴ
سǷɽϷּȴȻ졣
һ󺰣򱱳롣
ϧѾˣɽϼ֧󣬼ʸϸ㽵䣬סпе·
سµĽʿ֮ʣ˿ֵش͹ƣ޻֮ڼ¡
سۼ޴ӣнյž͵ɽϳȥ
ʸȣһԾ𣬷ĸǰ䣬ĨĲӡ
ʹӢսԴذΧҲ޿κΡ
سǼ粿͸һϵĻ᪾ܡ


97
ôô԰Լʮ롣˱˻ԣ
𣿡˴, ڵ۾һۣԴʪԵٶ顣
ֱ۾Ļûѡ
ڵһһƵشķ˿, ץ, ϥ΢϶˶СƤ, ˡ
ʶŴ̫Эʮ롣
Цһ, ãʮʮ롣
ûʮ룬, ǰԴԹؿһۡ
ôô԰Լʮ롣˱˻, ˯𣿡
Сķǵػص
ôôɰһ飬ɵ۾
, ǣߣл
㶣ûסЦˣˣôңһġ
, Ѿˡ˹ָ㻹ǿǣҡ
ɽĽŲЩ鸡, ΪǣǸײԼҵˡû뿪߹أ˼ȴѲֵƮ˽
ص, ԼĸĸȽϿ, ӦûÿպһͻȾ, һ̽ѧ, ƻ, ۣȥÿһġ
ܺ棬ϾʱԶԼʱСѩһСѩÿɰ
ʵ˵òУ˾þΪ˵ˣҲֻиģĸ룬Ǻܺÿ
ÿȴûʲôʵʵĸֻе˵ʱŻһ㾪Ķǵ
磬᲻жߣ
¶𣿡
һ㡣øһ㡣
䵽࣬Լ롣
ҹﻹʱ̱
һ벻Լһ˯в̫õĹȥ
ֻҪ֣ͻ
оԼı͵޴û˱Լ
Ϊ벻Լ
ֻǸѲҵĹӣµĽƵ˱߹ء
ԣȥ֮һҪ⿪ѡ
˼ʣ̶̵ɽ·ܿ㵽˾ͷ
ûдӪʣȥ˾дڵĵطҩ﷭䵹һҲûճٲƺҩϵҩġ
ĴֻһЩѰо·ϼļ򵥵ҩġϣҲ󣬵µЩǡ
֣ţҪ˾͸ҡ
ȻţѹԼڵĺеš
һڶѾ˴뾫Ƶڶûȫָһο϶Բ
Զҩ඾ܻɷɣҲðա
磬ҸоҽšɵصЦֺܵġ
Ǹɿ֡
Цôôɰⶼš
йصҶҸûָֺ
ָϴȴȣָƴ΢΢£ʶҪ롣
׻ûջȥֻǸΪǿӲסֵֹ֣ľٶ

ҶĵѾˡ
Ȼû֪ӦøЩź벻ҶĿģȻͦȥ
Ͼϰģ˵ҹƷ˲ٹչŴȥˣȻ֮ǣȻԲֹ
΢΢ЩҲǸˣƶǵж첻ʲôӰ졣
ԡ־͵
һߣȥԼӪȥ
ĲԸдϹԡ
Щ⣺ôôϲĴס
С
С̫ˡСϲ˹Ҳ١
Σ֪Լǲ˳ٶֱֻۣ׵ûо˼𣿡
ֻеҰˡҶĳμʱҶ˵Ļ൱ƶԼжϣ˵ܾǰŹң书ǿϣΪѡ
СʱҪǼǵҶҲᾭߣϣܴѧһаʽ
һôεҶ˽ʮꡣҶĲ͡
ܻСһ뵽ܣ˶ˣ󣬻ǲǺܲԾ
ԥŵӦǾƣ
ǡ͸ƢԣֻҪԽأǺϲ˴Լģÿһʢߵͨ
ĵصҲ㰡ϳ˶ȥˡ
GֹסĻסϳҵǶȥˣԲ㡣
ҵڻ֪㻯󷨵ĵʮҵ
ȻǸԥؽӻ
˵Ĳġ
ڵĺȥˡĻм档
粻ҵĲˣͶҶְɡս§ĸ첲½ǡ
Ƕ֣дһ¡ͷ
硣̧еί
ССдһ¡ĥû취ˣôôء
¶˵Цݡ
ûάһЦݾͲˣӪʿڡ
Ȼһ㣬Ϊ֪𣿡
һȱȱ
ΣֻĶˡ
룬ַŻ˭ԽУֻܽС
Ϊ˵ûע⵽쳣ӵɫӪڡ
ҶѾˣڴһһؿš
Ƴȥ
оõ𣿡ߵ˴ǰ
öˣлл硣
ؿ˶٣㻹ǵҹ˴˭𣿡
ҹеպͿˡҶüûô壬ҲӦˡ
ҶĶ˵û壬͸ȷˣΪĲö붼ܲµ˭
ֻû֤ݰˡ
ѾصʳǣôĶһһ˵ûʲôӰ졣
Ҹ˵ˣѾ˽ڵı춼һסûѻ˵ꡣ
ҶѾе˼ͿԻȥˡ
˵úίҶĵĶȻʹһ£ŨҵĲġ
šҶӦ磬Ҹоҵкһһһģ䣬ܰҡ
Ұ㿴ɡһĵӣ൱Ӧ֣ϾڳǰװԹ˵ˣ˴򽻵ҲӲʩֶΡ
ȴֹڵĺûųȥȷ㹻
Ҳ̫Сˡ
ҲС㣬ǵ㡣һ仰˵úᡣһֱǺ˽˵ĶҲֻԼеĹǡ
۾Эˡ
Ҷڵĺûž˲Ȼʲô⣬߳Щ΢
ҶĵĿֹסЩڼعӢһҩ˵ѾӪڶһ
ҶٲģҲǻصԼӪʡ
ƣ²ڶĵľûлָ
𶯡§˸
ûʲô£㱧ұôվȵĻ˵
磬ҵĻ˯һɡ
ͣã
Լϥϵ͵͵ذҵϢ˰ʱĸкȻӿǿҵʹС
ָ΢شӻóҩȥʹԼĺ
ֱĸʱ˹ӯ࣬Դؿ˿ҸоĻз
޷Ц¡
ĵģǣЦЦûи簮ʡ
ϦķϣֽƽһжϢǰƽ
ңԶ⴫һͨݻ᪾ʹؽƽɽȴˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


98
Сġһһֵ˹ȥ
᪾ʹΡΡվĸǰ, ս˵նʹʹΣյĲ¡
ֻͨ籨ŵʹͨЩصĽɫ, ɱ˶ԶԷҲ첻ʲôӰ, 𼺷
سڱƽǣʵ
šСĲ֪᪾ʹɸ, һϳȥն˵ָ
㻹֪Щʲô
ǵܽ˵˵ҪպٴسǣԸο͵֮ܵ顣
ƻ, յеĲˮڰǰ
ûٿʹ粽߳ȥ
᪾ʹٳٲ̧ͷֱһԵľʦǬԪʾ߰ɡ
ɱ, ƽǳҪƵġ
ǣǡʹĨ˰亹, ҲƵĸ˳ȥ
һߵںͻƽǸĵƣͽʱصΣоʱֻж̶, Ϊͷö
ǹ΢֮ʱ鷳½
Ȼ̸˵ҪһȥսϿ
һͷ󣺡»ǰƳǰɣһô΢𡣡
պǲҪػʳƽ𣿡͵˵Ҳ㲻ˣǰ˽ⲻ𣿡
ҳϱڹ, ̫Υʥ, ֻɱҪǳ˸⡣
ô˶һʲôҲȥ, ǲǹ˵𣿡
޻˵
ΪᵽķʽǳȻ, 򵥽ˡ
ԭľΰֳһרű, ͷۡ
ҹͻ˸ͨ, о
Ҷ岻, عӢҲ
˵Ҳ֣Ѿܾûǵ鷳ˡ
ǶĹעеߡ
ϣԼĴһоԽԽⲻǴ
Щԣһĵôˣ
ûʲô˵㣬Ҫ״ԣ§ˡ
ƫƫһؿ磬ڿ벻ˮ
ӹˮһڣѹеķꡣ
Զһߵĸǰ£ݸҲΪԸصݸ
о;о춼ûȴȨ
ûнӣԹԵسԣ߳Ա׽ˣĵôÿ
ٺÿҲûϵԴ˵㲻á
ҪûڣͶԼˡ
ϷȫףһְʲôģȻ˲ȤòȷʵھޣҲھñŤ
ڿǲΪáȻܵȲʱ򣬾ȱˡ
ֻܼЩѰĻ⣬˵;ѹܴ󡣺ò׽ˣص־ߣ򶼽ŵЩӲˡ
ǰ˵ǵڼ춯֣תѹ־
˵еս֮أҶɡ
ǲ뻹Ҫٹ죿Ҳɫʵǡ̫ˡ
Ȩһ̡־ο
۵ƽɽȵҦկսң˵쳣գ˺ɽ̾ɽȽٵɽϡ
ƽڣǻ᪾Ӫ
عƣҲοǱǱƲѵֶΡзڵƣ֮سǻڳڣĹʱ䱻֮ڣڼһϷء
ںΪ£ֲԼȥաЩʱΪ˼ӿ·̣һֻϢʱҲŻ졣
سǱӻʣգɹվҵˡ
Ų¶ֻ᲻űӰ졣
Ҳֲȥս
ҦկǸ˾סկӣ˵ܾǰа˼ľڴˣ᪾ռ˵أš
ʮͷ­կſڹʮʮҹֱɡ
˾ô˵ز˸Ҵկӵ⡣
ʱҦկϢ˵ؾƽǲء
սʿҪȴҪཫ졢ʦһ𿱲Ρ
²մȵ˯һ
ڶʱɳƫҪȥɽٽɽΡ
£ҹѾȥˡ뵽һһΪȲΣ뵽ǰֻ޶ȵоֺʦͨʲô
ϾʶҵٹӡҵĲɵйԺյĴ׶ŵڡ
ǡ΢ȴֱֲԡϾӵġ
ҹްǿʲôѶ˸ˣô˸̫ױ¶ˡ
ָⷢ﷢𡣻ٳֹʲôȴãֻܰ鲻
磬ˮ𣿡ˮݸӹ˼ڡ
˳ˮһ
硭Ļû˵꣬͸оԼļ˳ŷȥЦҸһͬȥɽ￱Ρ
ڵ
±ͲҪ̫֣ؿһֲ֮ˣעĿúͬȥ
ؿһۣĲãֱָʾ侲
ȥøĶңǱߵ㡣Сˡ
磬㲻õġҵĶ֡
˵ˣǰȴ֣·͸¶ԵĲ
Ͳ¸һȥûʵԵľٶ˺ֻṦǵ
ʱʱػͷһ£ˡ
֪ô֪˵ģôҲ벻ֵزֻΪ
ҹչһƫƧ䣬ʼƻ¡
·ƣ۳û֣δƻӦʹ˳
ĬȻ½Ǵɫּʡ
Щʶɿ֣Һл˵ʲô
ϲ͵͵ĹԸãȻĽߡ
󷽷ĸǰȻ￴˵
˵Ȼ˼֣ŵûǣػֻʣһͷȵҩôû
ӲͷƤ˸⣬֮ԶԷۡ
µҲЩѰģǵĹϵô򵥡
ګګزᵽκθɫйصĻ⡣
ĻȻо죬ǰһбģʶЩԾָϽʣû֧Ųס¡
¶С˵־Цݣһһȥǣ书ǿˡӢѹ˹ذ
˼䣬ӻгһѴ̵оŸô֡
ǰãɱ˴Զ֣ô껹ǵһζء
𣿡Ӧɫϲŭ
ȻѰ޶м֡һ˵һʵˣҪʲô٣޴ػʳǣ͸ٵ
ɰɣʵڲͨ˾Ҳԡ
Уϲһ仰¡
ǾͶлˡЦЦЦѤöĿִżŵĿݡ
һʱ俴ˣŻع߬ŵķƽ
и޷磬ȴֹ䴫֦Ҷζ
ǼƬһԡ
Сġһһֵ˹ȥ
ϵĴ̿棬ĸǰ
ȥ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


99
˼ǰ󣬵ҹֻܽиѣܾȳسǡ
, ߴһٵļ́ƣ˫ۣԼεء
ԼȻصҾפءʶʼָ, ǰļһһ㷭ӿ, ͣϡ
æ, Ȼһɳ
Ȳ࣬˯
ķһ, ȥͷȴȻЩԡ
, Ȼ²˯˹ȥ, ǻ˹ȥ
ԭԺпٵػ£֮ǰȵˮˮ, Լֻ˼ڣʣµĴ붼ȥˡ
˭µҩڵһָ
΢壬ȷûʲôˣų׷
, Ѿˡ
ҲƵĸĸǰ, ɫҴҵ׷ʵȥˣ
δŭдŵãȻؿ
֪޹ءԼ, Լûֹ, ˭֪Ȼ쵽ҩ
¿϶Ǳ᪾߸ɽկе˽ȥ, ҪǺ߻, ޷ǾͼǮͼ
Ҫǰ, سǱѾܵг⣬Ҫټ롣
ֲسǣһë˲õڡ
磬ʶ૵Ȼȥ˾Ӧÿġ
ǰֻǶЩʧĶ͸ˣȻ֪ҪȥӦøȥġ
ΪƾƽƽؿõΣĻʹȲֱԼĵĺڰ
ڻԵ¿ôУˮˮô£ϣҵ뵽һĽڡ
û˻ԼԼ¶Ȼ֪һҵˣһ̾һɻ
ƿԣֻȥѰ䡣
ֱУת
״ܲãдһ˿⣬üĻţͷۡ
§ôˣ𣿡
ҵʣҩ˵ӦòòŶԡ
Ϊ״أһ˲٣ЦһΪǰúˣȽҲ仯
磬ҽѰһȥˮ֪ʲôʱͱҩˡüƺڻʲôٳûϺ󻰣üķԽԽ
ˣ´ġƽüġ
֪룬ʧˣûƽ˰ɡ
ʧˣ룬ҲԼĿġ
šӦöͷǣ磬ͷΡ
ʣµĴˮˣͷβŹ֣̫Ѩ˯ٹһʱš
šҡԵɵɵ˵˾仰ۡ
á
ҹɳûҵ䡣־ΪΪ֪ߣиļ١
ȻļҲ˵ࡣҲ˵֪оʲôʧٵĽҪͷΪ˴¼Ĳ߱ȻѲ˸ϵҲСʱ
ˣ־ؿƿй
Ѱ޹ֻܿȥɽկʹð᪾й¶ΣգҲҪҵ䡣
һկУȴȻһƿ֮
һ֧մǰľС
תȥһӰɿ֮УӴ书ĸߡ
ϵŵֽһСţֽһСİ֬壬ʵ
ƽϵö塣
ȡ壬ֽд֣عʵۣʱ̶ǰ˵ᡣ
üͷú֪ݣȴֲǻ᪾ˣѰˣʵ
òȥûκԱԼУѵĿԸ
һسǱٴʱֻʣաԼȥ˼棬УԼѣҲûʱǲȥȳسǡ
˼ǰ󣬵ҹֻܽиѣܾȳسǡ
οΪվء̾
Ҳ֪ȥ쳣գܻܲŻؿŻѣȳسǺ󡭡
˵иسǣ־Լ˷ٶסλ֮ģԼ˵ҲὫسǡ
ҪȨԼô˵ˣᾡľؾسǳ
ûôķҹͺ˲ΪӪз֮¶ѻĸǰȲѡ
̾˿ȳسǺٳ˵أԷڳǵĻ᪾ɷˡ
ǡѴӦҪһǰ𣿡
֪ѵ˼ڰ
ɡǲ֪±ںδռзһ߾衣з紵ݶ¾ͻվ
Ҳ֪ҪץǳʲôĿģֻҪɱңҹĳأҾϣѡ
˵˻Ϊǰ·δ;̾˿ˡ
úϢȸˡʶȤشʱӪ˳
룬͵͵ʦǬԪе˸ǰ
ӻóһװɳĲǬԪɳɫζȴΪЫʱһὫϣһСڡ»ȥҵɳµĺۼҡ
Уսܹ˳ȳسǣϣܷسλ
ǬԪΪѵɱڻϽУܡ
һױţҵ˽˾ӡȾȳسǺŸʩѹĿѸߣͲͳĺѡ

𣿡
Ͻû뵽ѻе⡣
ʱפֻʺٵļԱʡ
ս»δ״ֲ̬̫ã͸ʱסԱС
ĶͷûʲôգֻǻЩͷΡ
ѿܵرѸߣ̫⵱˵ֿ֮飬εһо꣬ҩҩҩ϶ˡչģҲһƿЧļѵĽҩ
ѽҩƿݸ
ֽӹ˾л
ʶеģʵ𣿡
˯˶ʱˡĿĵؿɫ˯㣬û㡣
ǿصƤҩƿݵǰϽģ˵ܽͷΡ
Ͻ𣿡ƳһԵĻѡŵľٶʲôڳǰ̬Щˡ
΢΢Щҩ̷ȥ
ЦչӿԽϢ޷ȸˡ
ͻѿ䣬Ŀˡ
磬еˡ
ȥøڼľɵĿϣԼȥˡ
ͷ˳һһ㣬ͷȫľϡ
ǰԵĶҩѹںԵʣһζҩô巴Ӧ
һգڹ֮ǰӦָܻѡ
ĽŲԶڣαһˮݸ
α˰죬ִļϣ§
ųȥʱ˾䣬ʱҪȥĴ㡣
˽ﲻȥ
ˣԼҪѰʱ֡ûӣҲһ鷳¡
еˡǵıм
룬ͷҲ̧ʵ
ȥǵм
־Լг֮Σռ֮ӣõؽ͵ûֽ
üεؿЦ֡
ᣬĻȶż
۵ز˲ͷס֣
ڶգһǰȥиᣬǰƬ̸ϵԼء
µĲһϸСڣϸɳۼɼ״ֵ̬ϡ
ʱһſײŸϵǰ
ȴʱԼ̿ͣĺࡣ
ǲصĿ֦Ҷȴûзһ˿죬ߡ
ˣҹȥԼ嵶ڵϣʾ⡣
ûкأҪȽٰˡΪ׵Ĵ̿͵Ȼ
һѵסĲӣ߳Ѫ顣
ס֡һֹҡ
еǰȦصϵ󴦡
һУ˶ץĴ̿΢һͷǴ̿;ˡ
Ĵ㣬Ϊûʲô̸еĳ룬û뵽ԷȻôŵԣʵЩԾ
ֽû룬˳ƨصһ£
ЩˤʺǱδûķ࿴ۣʹæȥ
ߡΪ׵Ĵ̿ͷ
ظ󣬰ڵΣӦûзԼС
أһƧСéǰͣ˽Ų
ȥ
ƽڣȴվһˣ˳ߣȥǷ
ʾˣһǰס򦣬һŵҩӽ
ҵؿɵҩȻ븹
ҩЧ쳣Ѹͣ֫Ӷ᲻ˡ
ԲѰϵľӡȥס
ʲôŵ
˲δ𻰣Ѹٵذǵϵס£¡
˳ߵʾͣĸǰŵĲ
ֻûзϸС©
˽²ֱ򿪴ڣɳУ΢΢⡣
ȤЦһеϸɳ䵽ϡ
ľЩ㱣ضŴɳȻһӡǡ
һѪɫӡǣϦδꡣ
һʥ̵ˡ
˿һۣע⵽Լµ˻ȥ
֪ġ˵һ䣬˵˵ز˾
±ȥ۵Ļ¡
˫ҲٱţǼƺ˶ʱιҩĴ㣬ֻһԼв뿪˵ء
߰˳ߣޡһһߴǵݡ
ټȴֻһ˵ĽŲƺԼ
ˣû´Ӧʥ̵ĵһᷲ
ôӦ÷ֱĴ֮һģкĺճǡ
˳ִ񣬼ٻؽ̣ʥ̵İ֮书ȴǷ켫֮
ôΪҪЮԼѵǵǳʥйأ
ԺһƬһ˿˼
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


100
硣һסƵǽϣֱסĿŵ
, ӦþڲԶ
һлЫеķ׷浽éǰ
Ƿ˽Ųǽéݺûһ˿
ǵõԤ, Ϊ׵Ļһ߿š
ڹȻȥ¥, ֻµϵסɢɳ
һ, ѻصʱפ㣬ɫҰ, ֱѶȥϽǻȥ̫Σ, ǻȥ
¿ܾˡһе
̫ΣˣǲŹҵ, ˵ᾡɱҵġǡס૵
̾˿־
־˼ײ߳
һ, Ƶ־ȥ
ǰһ
嶶ɸΡΡָҸɵģҸɵģôġ
硣½ǣؿһۡ
Լҩʲô, 񲻳ɻݱ, ֱɶ񡣡Ӷؿһۣ鲻Խ彣
ס, ŲԶĻʾ⡣
ǰȰ, ı, Ƚʱ, ξȳؽҪ
ûҪѸߵ, ˣ֮㡣
ô˵ز˾־ߡ
سǽûȳأ̾ұ£뿪û߳һأܾͲ֪Ĺ»Ұˡ
Сҵ˺һߡҼˡ
ǡһлˣǰ߬ǵֵǲѾˣǸһ߰ɣЩ˳ɱǵġ
ؽ𣿡Ϊ׵ɫض
᪾ˣڳôȡ
һеĻؿƴԼεĳ嶯ǶţǲԼΪôһԼΪôһ̰޵Сˡ
һȽţʦǬԪʱسˣæԻǶ¡
վڲԶһĻվࣺϽ֪𣿡
û˵ֻԾȵġ
Ҳȫ㡣ôسǾͲˡ
ô洵磿Źˮȥ̸𣿡
࣬𱸵ͷʹǸպá
㡣ġ
´βˡֿס֡
еֻʣ˻ѣҪϾʦǬԪ
ڰֻ顣
ƽǸĵѾˣҲ˶˵ĽΡ
ͷ۵ľǹˡ
ѵ̾ʧȥƴѻʤ
ֻܶˡ
ģ
ҪԵسɱűһ¹ڻܵĵһӦðɱˣͨգΪľܼʱϵ
ôĿľΪϹûжʱɱһ롣
һţüȻôڰسվڴˣԲͬô
ɻȴûз
Ȼ֪ڷͻѵĽ̸УѾسˡ
ڹ涨ʱûиϵǵоͻӶ뱻ľơͼֽϵƽǴһϸߣʱǾͻᴧԭ򣬼̶ɳ̽ǵľ顣
һǵһõĽڡ
µͼϡ
ڵȱϣֱʮ˵أʱٳ¡ϢųȥڵĻ᪾һѰĿʼɢ
Եڳǽ̷ֵΧפܿǣȴ޷Ƕ֡УҲ޷Ԥǵľ
ʱǰΧƽ棬µƽǺ󷽵İžͲפˡ
ΪΣѲ⡣
խһʱӲˡһȱڣͻ⣬Ҫܡɴ˻᪾ڲͻᷢңһضҡġ᪾֮Ǿ͵ǶӣѴ֮عƽǡߵĶ֮ǾҪҲҪδӱ
ʱڰŵĲԶԷŷϮӱͲسˡ
šͬ˵սˡк֮£ӱȥɡ
ͣٵ
ʲô
ȵɢɾ֮ʣһ׳ʿóҪЮǵֶΡ
˵سǡ
пܡӦת磬Ҷˡ
εһ
ҲΪִ٣д΢ͣ٣ȳȥһ£ҡ
ȥӰԵϽɷģǲóѵġ
ʿķʽк֣ܶҪһ֡ԻĪ׷ʦΪ˷ֹڴڲľ״̬бͬѰҪľǴĲ
ΪسǣǾʹشˡһ˵سֻǵʿ
ǻо꣬Ҳɵñֶ𾪡
ֻڶǰһ棬ôÿĺӣڶĽ죬һϳ
ɵ꣬ǸӸӡĲȱǷ˾ЦԸ
һֱĸ󣬱ŷӵ
ǵһμ棬Ը𽵹˱
ΪΣһл
ϽϽؽֱѻعŽϺ󻰡ΪΪɱسһ¶ǣص㲻ˣҰɡ
šĲɵӦ
ǡϸֳһĨԶ׼Ц⣬ĸǰ͵͵رԹαѾҹˡ
㲻ӦӦ𣿡Цŵ٩
ӦˡίίС˶ȥˣѼص˸ǡ
̼죬Ǿͻȥˡ
Ǹ籧ҳԡµĴͬѰʹò
ҪЦˣұʲôñøóԣ
šȻ֣ذϣоһġ
ɱˡһμʱ򣬡ҵڻԼǵ㵱ʱϵζľƷ۵ζסˡ
Цһζɡ
ʵûһ룬ôһѺȻҹԴ˿ʼҹ˵ǹİɣ
ûСһ޹
һ𣿡ؿһۣǹģôڳõʱ
磬ҴˡԭҵĶԲԡ½ǣڵҲռҺܶˣҵڶ촽еơ
ö˲㱡죬޿̵졣
ò׼߳ŭеֻСظĺ档
磬еˡǰֻ˸֧ȴеˡ
Цؿʵ㲻𣿡
硣˴ֱۡ

ûĻ£ദôã׻ǻ˵㾭飬ԸǳӲ
硣һסƵǽϣֱס㱧ѱҡ𣿡
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


101
ֱֻϵͻŹҵָףǰ侫
ǡұ, ԿҳԿ
첻ˣ״
ʵѾûôˣڼǰ֪ӽԼĿĲ, ڻΪº
ͷ, ֪һʼӽĿĵ, Ҳںˡںǽ㲻Ҫƭ˺𣿡
ϸɳ뽭, ķ΢ɼҴӦΪӦ˾ǸԼĹϵߡ
ܲӦ
šͳӦ
ˣôɥɥġҲ˵, 㲻ұ𣿹ȥһԡ
Լ, ָƽɿ˫֣ת֣, ι𣿡
ôߡ͵͵Ц
պ󣬾ӵפӪظĵƽİ빫ﴦ
վƽǵĳǽϡ˵Ⱥ߶ӰӣȴľԵڵ, 
Ž, ɳ˵ҾڵȻʳǵıϣڲҪ, ֻڵһѵĽʱ
ܵüͷ𣺡˵ǵĶ桢桢涼Χˣ
ؽĻ, ˡ
ȽϢ, زҪɿֻš
ǡУξ֮
ƽǵش, սʱ״̬᪾Ľʿ, Ϊսʱó׼
ֽʿٷ¾Ͳôһ׵ˡ
ҲǣⲿֽʿΪ󷽵ĲרĴũ
֮ӳǽӪӪеļΧһͷӶ
֮һ˱羪֮ط׷¹ʾμУξ
֮ϳһ֮һţ⼸ճǵţ򲻿֪йߵĺ֪ġ
С˲ҡŻֵ̿
ȥӪҲϢ˸ҷߣ֪һá
ǡŴӦææ뿪˵ء
֮̾˿֪˷ĻǶ²סˡ
Ȼպƽǵİо˵֪˴ٽϢʰϸ׼˵ء
ŴصʿҲǣҲǣǽǷ˳ȥ
һɿڣЩĽʿҲԳѾδɱͨ죬׷Ҫǡ
ŵȻǳȥǱװͨգȺ֮С
־ʹ˳ȥֱץסվá
ôһҲæýͷöɴ˭ȥ
ڵİԹصδսȴٲȻһսܵģ
ʿ˶͵ӵͷ
һҹֵŻ֮ʣӰ͵˳ȥ
ڸѲߵļʿ׼ʱҲ˳ȥ
ܴŭϸѡ˰ŵ䲼նľ
˷´ӵ˵ЩֻǾʿҲָǰ
ҥ𣺴˷ϿΪ̫ˡⳡ̾ԴӮˣΪ˶һ
ܱ΢죬ɲٲȡʲôʩеҥԶ޷ƽϢ
ڿʼ˻֮ƣسǴ˳Ҿ̸С
ƽǵĳǽսģ᪾Ѻسϳǽľϡ
Ͻþòվڳǽ֮ϣ
ȴûкɵ˼ʶĸϽǵؽˡ
Ҳٲͷ¶βֱӱͼҪǷ˿ԣӦǼһձҾȫʮؿ⡣Ǿеݰ˳ƽ֮ڡ
ܵĺܴѴӦʮغ󣬹ݱ˴粽УֻܻƳǸ
ڼ䣬᪾ʱзˡ
ŽδҲ̫ʨӴ󿪿ˡѳ
ôϽؽ᲻Լļ𣿡óһѼ⵶׼سǵĺǳǳĸһ
ʺѪҺ˳سǲϵ˿ڻ£Ŀɢ۾Ȼ˼֡
ҾľһСĺ䶯
سھеĵλִͣģұƴӡ
Ѹܵ˾Ĳɿأʾڰ
ʤȯյؽسǵĲϣŻѴӦ⼫䲻ƽ
ּһڰŹ׼ǽ쳣СļˡôԶľ룬˵Ӧòڡ
ֱֻϵͻŹҵָףǰ侫ĳ󣬰ͭɫļʸ׼ֱܵ˳ȥ
л˵
Ӱӵеһ¶㡣
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


102
룬Ӧøһ㡣һΪĩ
û˿֧Ǵ, ֱܵ͸ƴسǵľ
ܱͻıʾˣŻָʹ, 沿ʹŤ
ѱñ, ӼѪֲĻسǵġ
ڽʿҺ, ڣͷһȡ
۵, һѪ֮аγ
سǵͷһȥٲѡ
¥֮, ҧһָسš
һ࣬еڳϴ֧, ֧˲¥̽⶯
ͭɫļʸڳ¹ǵļļУȴȷλ
ʮ֧, ֱļþˡ
ճǣˡվһ´Ŷҵֱֵ꣬ϲʮϸı
šĺճǴӯ
ǸѾ˰ɡ
ţԻ, ൱, ˵û湻ء
أҲû湻𣿡ĺճ̧ġ
һֻӽ
ĺճǵǲм, ȻĹ
ĿϲƵı, ҲûҪԾĽ͡
һ, ǻڼ
ǽѾ, ǽϵ˴, زұϳǽͺĻ᪾ɱһƬ
ʱ󣬳űơʱսݡ
᪱齵սɳһִӰ˳ȥ
Եϳǽسǵʬѱףֻһյľܡ
صѪȺͳһ᪱ǰϵļʸ
ͷĴ磬֮˵ߣȴɡ
ʰɫڲиӡ̡̽
Ѱ˿֪ܲطҲǿ̷ģֻ̱̽Ǹͨұ̣ʵʥ̹Ͻµص֮һ
ʥ̲ӦѾ
磬ҵˡࣺһΪˡ
µӦǱˡ
ôôšЦҾϲŵӡ
˿еϲ۾ڵһֱû㣬ӳлعʥôˣ
粻֪𣿡ѹ˼֣ʥ̱Χ˿Ѿ͸ˡ
ߵ硣Լ뷨ҵʱ֪µġ
û뵽𣬿ԹԵ˵ȥҵʱܹʥ̣ôû¾ޡеĹǾͽˡ
ûв벻𣿡Ȼʱ֪Ŀȴڵ֪ɱҲûдҶ֣Ϊ㲻Ķ𣿡
ƺ˵ȥ֡
˳ͷļⶼʼ÷֪˵ǶԵġԼ᲻ã᲻ʧȥ˺
ֵ죬ǽ˵ҵڵ֪㼴¾ʱҲ˱˽¡
ΪҺΣհЦЦЩɬôǶԵġ
ʲôǾԵĶأˣԴôҪ
ǵЦݣһϲģĵȴ·ûա
һμʱԼ߿ŲŵЦǹǳĵ٩ƵЦݡ
ǿװװõһΡ
ոʷȾ˷纮һڴϣװֵӣЦݺܿࡣ
Ȼĵĵʹ˵ʥ̽˵ȴȾ˺
ΪԼģǿЦЦЦݺ
Ҳйֵӣڻ¥ʱżӳϷɶɹȥӯ䵽ƽϣȻɴ飬ӦЦġ
Ϊʱ΢綼
ûȱʮŪе˵ʱЦҲʵġ
Ϊһ˵ݣ·ʱȴԼ
ԼӦҲЦģֻЦûûʧ
żЦлŵ΢ɾֺãԼ뿪Ƶġ
µŷԼԺȫӰӡ˽˽ԼҪ
ÿһÿһÿһʶ΢飬׾ٵظܵı仯
ʱ˿̣ǵЦ쳣ۡ
Լȷ飬ɱ졸¾һɱĿԣֹµĶҡ
أ޷Žѹȥӻʥѱıӻ
ǵѲҵĹӣʥĽ
ʲôУֺһС
סԼ£ʲôûˡ
ʱǲǲ㡣Ĭã˵䡣
ÿÿ뵽»в£ɶʱҴ㡣
սеļ𣬼ʸϵӡӡָ̡ⷢ
룬Ӧøһ㡣һΪĩҺҲȷʵǰһˡ
Ʈɢķĩ޷Ƶؿ
Ϊ˵Ҳ㻳㣬߸ĺ壬ҲܸܽʵԼ
Ĳ񿴵ǵδпܺͽģпܰģڸ
ԺֵһĻĳĶȻһʹòȷ
ôˣȻüͷ
ûʲôͷеۡͷļϣرϼȡů
ֻͷ𣿡ǵʡ
е䡣Ӧ
ǲվλ̫ˡܵķеҩҩԿܻûȫɢǸϽȥɡ
ϣǽϵ޾ɵ΢΢Ʈţڶ˵Ϲʾ
ϵһӣȻƫͷһ£üεؿ
΢ɼЦݣ룺Ц
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


103
ɵϡЦһЦȴԼЦɬ㲻
Ѷƽ, ˳ƥسǷᣬֹ, ŰʦƳǡ
, ǶɳȥҲǰ취
䲻, ʧȥΪɿĴɽѱǰˣһֱ˼ȥ, Ҳֻһˡ
޷ɱҲæԼ˵ЩûŹԼ
ö, ֻҵյ̸̸
ֻӰ룬Ҫǰȴ, ֻա
صӪʣڴǰƣֳȥЩ
, ҩƿļҩ¡
ԴϴҵϢںĸʱԽԽ̡
ҩƿҩѾʣ޼ڱ߹ȥˡ
롣
ʱѾĺʱѹȥ
ϵıô𣿡
ȥϴһ¡ûжͣʡ
΢, Ӫرɽ, ֹ˼Ȼײӭ
һĵչӿԺҵԱ˵𣿡
һ, Բ͵ظһƫƧ¡
˼һ, Ȼưո, չӾҡԼ, л, Ҳûͨһ¡
ıЩ䵭
ǰסֱۻεչӣɲܼȰ
ƫͷش̧°͵ƽĶۣǲǲԡҰô࣬ȴתͷҳˡ
ӣôȵ㡣־ԽԽĵﲻйķŭ
ȲѡȲѰŵر
΢΢侲£Ӷ˦ȥɣһ롣
°ͱߵͷչӣú룬ҵϢϢ
˼ЩСʯӰ
ǱסΣתԼӪȥ
ϴþЩƣػصӪʣϵˮȫȻɣȴ
ϣƺü֮䡣
ǲǸоܲʵָĶͷ
ץչȥס磬ͦܵġ
󴦵ڲûкףһţʲô⡣
֪Գ˵⡣ǰȻҲԼƣ׷ΪȱȫС
ջɽȥβ𣿡
š͵͵Ӧ
΢΢þˡ
ƺЩʧˣֱҹʱֲų˯ȥξȴù½

ԹԴֹ㡣
ѹ𣿡
ؽﶼѱˣӦѾˡ
šﴦɾ
ǡ
Ѫ˳ƾɵĵط䵽ص֮£ϡ
ظֱѪƵʣűǼ䵭ѪζĿɼһƬڰ
ƺں𣬵һ仰Ҳ˵
Ȼ˯оѡ
ĿºͿجˣ
˶٣άƽʣ
Ҳʶԣڷεͬһͣѭʵס
ߣ˵Ӧʡ
磬ûϢáرס
šûзȴһ
磬Զ뿪ҵĶԲԣͷĻƺеһ𰸡
ġ§
šҾͲˡұ֤
ɵϡЦһЦȴԼЦɬ㲻ұ֤ʲôġ
ֻҴ˯ʱʱڵûʲôˡ
ƽȻ£Ϲ齵Ļ᪱»ѵаܽĲĳǳغ͸ǳһ£˷ɰĻػʳǡ
⼸Сǲѣͻһ£콫Ͻ̣ջձǰˮǡ
عӢ£Ҷĵķ纮ѺõòˣҪһͬǰ
ʵ⼸СǲҪʲôۣԲȥδĲƽΪڣҲӦȥ
Ĳ飬һ·ֻס˱ӪʣҶҲʱ˵Σֻܽһͬġ
Ҳôĵģ˻ĲƽڳǳصܱߵƣҶȻ岻죬żԸ䡣
ɽɵĽһһشɽɵʷı׶˺͸
ҶЩ̸ϲ廰ˡ
ĵ£ҶõϢĻᣬ·Գɽ㣬ȻżԼ˵䣬ȴٸԼ
Ҷ֮ܲʱ˳ȥ
磬Һÿʡ
һˮݸЦͦ˵İ
Ҳ˵ô໰ġεֻ뱧˯
ˣŵʵ
ûСһֻ뱧Щ飬Ҳһ˯
˼㻹
磬ôôһֱΪ㲻޳Ҹ˵ġ
Ҳͬôõķϻ𣿡ЦʲôʱרĹɵĽ
ûСεؿС㻹һĸģҶҵıѧˡ
ıѧô㰡һΪܸȵ㡣Ц
ûרоס֣ս󽲵С»ٽ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


104
𶼲ˣôջȥԴɳƣ΢
պ, ƳǡƽǺͶŻǵˮ¡
ĲƽϢѹˮ, ΧһǳҲҾĵ, ֻʣˮǺˮδ¡
һ˱нˮ, һսոսӪضԱ, ɫʹؽŰ
ϽĲƽӭ˳μ¡
괦Ϣı߹أв֪еı, Ŀɵؿѡ
ѿڵңˡ
Ĳƽʱ¶ʹɫ
ļλǵոչ, ɵҶҶ
Ĳƽһ£棬мϤС
ѴĲƽļ, ۳Ͷ٣ƽǽȥ
ĲƽӦ˹Ͻ룬롣
ĲƽұϰֹѪϸƣƾľơ
в, أԹʮ, طȥˡ
Ҳ˴ǣ˵Ҳɢˡ
ĲƽĿؿѵϽ, ˡ
ӡӦ
ĲƽеҸҴйأ
, ӵ´˴ǰΪ˴ջر߹صıȨ, ֻû뵽Ҳ˴˵ء
Ĳƽ¶οЦݣҸھȪ֮ҲܰϢˡ
Ȼ, βѰʱ
ӵӦԼĴ, Ҳʺ˻ѽ֮ºĲƽϸϸ˵һ顣
ŻˣĲƽ˼Ƭ̣ЦҴӵµ뷨ôһҾƫĽʿ޴ӷйһŭתƵͷϡ
ҪЩʲôǶûжٵľ͸˵ˣټǵбպֻǵ
벻ƽຮ֮ѧ˲֮ѺЦ
ӵ²ˡĲƽü΢ֻ˿ȥĹϵƺͬѰ
ƽѵϷ⼸ǵĹϵȷʵ̫һ㡣ɸտʼΪ˻˵أǵвδðձ¶ݡ
ûĲƽҷ´£ռˮǺˮǽ¡ֻˮǺˮڵδ۸ӣ˵صĽʿǰӦһ¡
սƽȽо飬ͽˡ
ϽġĲƽ
գĲƽ˵صĽʿˮпչ
Թսõľǹűƣзһռ˵ƸλһԿڵ
δƳǳŴʮơʵΪзΪطȫԿǲȡ𹥡ڵķݶΪľƽṹȡ𹥣Ȼ̼仯ΪҽҲزˡ
ֻڵԴҲҪΪҽƹ󣬻ռũ֡õѡ񡣡
˵Ķԣ򲻵ѵѡ񡣡۽֡
Լ֮ǰҪ˼õ̫ࡣе㵣Ĳ⡣
硣
ôˣ
ûôн㡣˶Ҫȥˡ
˾Ц
磬ǻȥɡĲƽѾű꣬ôһĥҲЩĲɣһͬصڡ
һֱ˲ŴҴҷֿ
΢˵㣬󱧱
ǲҪ˾İЦˣС꾫
綼ҵ˵һˡ۾̽·
˺ˣԺ󱳵˵߶߰ˡ
ȻŹ
ĺζսɫÿ
û˵Ŀذĺȥ
ıǼϵζϵءչˡһ§塣
ĺδȫƽϸϸؿϸ΢ı飬Խ١
磬עˡҴûһϲˣ˵ĸоܲһҵ֮񡣡
ô죬ϲ㰡ֽؽȻѾϲɸңͲջȥˡ
𶼲ˣôջȥԴɳƣ΢
Ļش⣬ִȥһǡ
˵üѣǲΪԼû㹻İȫлν֣ŵ˻ûʧ
У͸ˣ͵ǰµƸ񡣡
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


105
ģ񲻺˼Ƶص԰
öʽ, Ө͸ȴЩ, ·Դϵ¶ȡ
ָĦԿ̵ĺۼ, һɨ
öҵ, ҲҵġеռﵽǰͣЩ
ǰֻܹ⸴, ȻûȻˡŵϦӵĿ֮ͽֻǰһ̹Բ, õɡ
ڣȻ뵽ԺԺ, ǰԼţȴһԼŵͷ
ĵĮȴ޾
, ҺûʲôԸġϵֵ
ô𣿡Цȥһѡ
ǳЦд˼ֳ磺ˡ
ǸЦָ, û뵽ѵһ塣
εͣ
ɫ, ͨ͸覣ɫ±̡ҴƳһ, һ֡
ԡ˵, ˻ȥ,, ֮ٲ㡣
šӦ, ͵ĲǶý
һʱЩĬ
вã磬ö˵û⺬壬ҲŲ㡣
šٸҿ𣿡ڵ
ǰʱ͵ʱԼ󣬲֪ǰһ֡
οֻһ֡
˼Ƭ̣ݸ
ù򵥵ضһ£Ϊʲô֣
ʱҵĵľ֣ϣζǰˡɺҵڹٳһ⣬磬ʱ˻н䱸֮ģҸҲˡҲǲǰҵġ
أҲôΪ𣿡䱸𣿡
ɫƫǳ˿ʱԵøͶ飬˵ʲģȴ漣ûΥ͸С
֪ΪʲôͻȻôʣҡҡͷ磬ֻˡ㶼ţҲûпˡ
û˵ѣϱûпεˡ
ΨһһԸεˣֻԼԥؽһж
ʲôԸе
ڣðա
ĻشģԺûǶμĻ
ʥ̷ֶĻ¥ĵص¼ʯʯϿǰֻ֣뵱Щ΢Ĳ
ֵĴǸлΪ¥ˣозС
͵͵¹۵ĵطд
֪Լ̫ḻʥ̺ǰ͹ϵУʥ̵Ľ
ԼԺδ˻ҹңԶļȻ両˳

С֪𣿾иӺǺڻе췽ǸšԻȤЩ
ȻôǿүүͽܰɡСӰһţĵص˭ܾܾµһĴʦء
ҹУմΪáźҡͷ̾ӡǺӽĺܣˤһСӶҪĸ
ôӦԼȤĶʣתȥˡ

ɫôʶ֮Ĺϵ
һֿµĲ븡ԺС
صҲ̫ˣԼͬһ
Щӡ
硣üûеõӦָ˲ֱ
Ҿʣšδȫ˼룬ţͷذο
磬ҡί
ͷһ£ûС
ָ˴Ǹʲô˵
ͷʲô˵Ժǲ޶Ҫ㱨
ģ񲻺˼Ƶص԰
ʲôԡЦõ
ͷ΢΢𣬲Եмķ˿Щ΢
ֻǿȶԼ˵ⲻԼĲ²ˡ
ҹɫ΢Ľǻص˸ԵӪʣˮٵļ˼ϡ΢ĵƹ⡣
ĲƽоյĹǣڵƻδЪ
ҵ屾ֹѺĲƽûϳԼû뵽ȴ⡣
⼸ջС¡
գӴˮǳĲƽǰ·ˮǺˮǺܿͱ
ڼ䣬ͻѡĲƽƬ̣дҸʱǲػʳǡ
˴ι׼ȴأⰲչ⾰
ǲؾָڵյ䲼ģһϢʱһ˿㵡
ȻѺĲƽ˵úǰԼػʳǣǴδԼᶼû
ԸܵһΣС
ԼֻǸǣǸܱʱĨȥķš
û˹ԼûԼ
ͷ˯ҹȻѣԺһƬ·ѾԼ˻ꡣ
գר˶̧ߣĲƽű߹ء
սսڣǰ·Զ
ᷲҪһ
ĺĺճĬĬŴؾ
ȻûȴʱӰӰ˰ףзǡֻ֮оһѹȸС
־еĲҿչǲˣҽڸнڰӱһһܾݴ˰ʱ

Ѱ˼ҵɷҲôģοǸҹӡ־̾˶ָ飬չԺҲԴοذء
Ǹô죿ɫҰ׵ٸҩһ߾ɡҪҸʱˣ
ȥ˵ػɽҰ룬²ǻû߳ɽͶڰ·ˡ
᲻᲻ҶҶ֡޼ƿʩֻҿοǲǻлϽ𣿡
ľûϽԱİȫ𣿡
ǣҳӹɣǻѡ
־Ĭҷģƾ书ٸߣϵȥҲ͸ס
׼Ƶ²Ԥ´ɰڴһ١

˵صĲԶһ£´⣬С˽ձҹǰ
ãá˷ҰȻ£ȥ󶨶۹͡
л˵
ʱеԶˣڻ¥ʯһǵ22¡
ܾݴyn suiˡ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


106
ϸϸŷ֣Լȷʵеɫǻ衣
ڶ峿, ˸硣
ֻÿʱŻһԶ
ʵ˯ۣһƬ԰׵ĽӰǰͣ
һ, ˽, Ŀ䵭ؿ
, ǰеᡣŤ㵥̸̸
ûᡣ롣
̸ɡڵ
˿ΧһĻ, ĿЩԥ
߰ɡһúʳԽԽ, Ҳʱ֡
û뵽ô˳ϲ
һ·ԽԽƫƧ, ֱ˶±߲ͣ
վһԴǳϿţҩһȷʵҵҲչġ
û뵽Լ˵, ע˼֡
չôãܾݴ˰ʱϹŻڲı飬ҵʱһԼɣ˵ģҲ֮Ĺϵ

֪ôȥ, ʵ̫Լˡ
ʱʵģѾܾݴ, Ҷˡ
𣿡о
ɥı飬οܾݴҲǾ͵ȡ, һ˺üķ, ֻ̹⼸ˡ
˰, ؿ
̾ð, Ұ, ôһΡ
ܾݴֻһ£Աߵң±øӼ
áԱսֻľսĹıǲǺ࣬ҪҪϢһ¡
׻ǳˣǲǸоۣҸ硣
̲סЦˣ޿κε𣿡
ûĻȥ
ƻһ˺ü졣
˶ݵĻ䡣˵ΪİֺٰãĥӲԼŴӦ˴¡
ϸϸŷ֣Լȷʵеɫǻ衣
ҾΪ˵ʵ
ʵ֪㲻ҡ
˵߹۲ɫֵʳָһԵϡ
־յָԤõ
ĿƮƮϣͣ˵ע
ۼǿľԽԽһӲؽضˡ
ع΢΢üŵϵľҹĿģ
һ֪ˣ˰ء
ող֪ġǿ룺ζôûҲӦõɡ

˦һ־½Ƕϣ߽Ҳɱ㣬ԺҪٳҵǰˡ
־ֻΪ˸Լպıǰ̣˿ͷȻʲôܲˡ
ͷͷҲصˡ
γԴȥ
ֵؿչ˵ùȻûҪɱҡ
ɻüûмŶˣ˵ʲô
˵㣬ȴֻί㡣ֻ֪Ҳ̹
Ȼٻ
Ҵǿȱˡ
˽£һĽơ
üˡƽ˴Լ˽
һ·Ƕˣܻôڽû´ָ֮ǰ¡
οſ׾ٵػϾľԼҲĺдд衣
Ǻˣ
ұˡ
ϵıûжٱ仯ȻĻ¡
ĵϲһһϸı⾡¶ʮϸС˺ۡ
Щ˺ѽ̣ȥȴЩĿġ
ְγգðź⡣
סȥƣֻ
϶ڽ衣
Ȼĵ˽ʵвط棬ÿһγжʮֺ֡Ѱ˿ʧĵ㽣֮С
ϧѰˣѭ򽥽صֵ˼Ƭ̾ͷаĹɺʶϰߣƫعš
̧ȥֵ˳ŽײĽһĽ˳ȥ
㾿Ǻˣ
ûлشŵĹʵֻʮ֮䣬Ȼʮף׷ĸǰסȥ·
ȴģ׷ǰҲֵġ
ĥ˴룬һȥҲ˶־Ҫɱˣûʧֹ


107
Լе˼ҿһ¡
Ĳ, ʶǰ˾˼ĺҪѰһĶ֣˶
ֱϵ˺߷ɶ, 
ʱ׼, ಻ٱʵ, ǽ紵ķ˿Ʈ, ֮üĿԵ
ĵһνӹĽ࿹֮ʣָ΢΢顣
Ҳ΢΢顣
Ľֵ˶֪Ľǿǿ
Ǹ, һȵգΪԷǿеη, ܼⷴڵľ޴Ǳܡ
ֻƾȥȥעǱߵľ
㲻רġĳеȻ˼֡
ֽȴûаƫ, ȻȵĽ
ͷһָоǰ˷·ˣ󼰣ɺĸɽ, Ŀɱӡ
û, վڽԶľͷһ۾֪ͷʲô, ȴҲﲻˡ
ʱľʵûбϿȥôȡ
еˡ
游ŵ, Сͱ͵ϮĵֶξǾΪ, ϴ
ΪûĹȥκβ, Ϊ书ڴ֮ϡ
, Ҫ˰Դһж
еҪսپ
ָֿϽע뵽Դϣ𵭵ضû谵
ɽɵ֮ϳݣǡ
ıʮףɫ˪ŽֹǽڷɫףһǿҵѹƸС
ľͷһֱôΪƶ
򽫴ע뵽Уģս
ĳֽӦսýڽڰˣƳһƬѹ̬֮
ʣ￪¶ܲжٸв
ΪɽºѣľǴ˾
ѵҲˣ
¶ȥ
سĿӣڷɳʯмǰС±ڱ߽ʣļž
ȣӭײһϰһһ˻ΣϸǰһŲȿգȥ
ȥһʧĵõƬ̴Ϣȴģͳδʧֹ
ûʲô仯ı飬ȴ·ܵĲ˵ʹ졣
սȻͷϣȻ˶Ѿûˣʹʹشһ
㻹ҵĶ֡ĽһƫĽУļ
ֻྱһȥһĨʺһĽۡ
С˶ѣҳݡ
Ҫص㣬ûվ˵ˡʤѶαض
ϲʤδ֣׷뿪
ֳֽʯܣӭս
ϵ֮ʱʮӭϮ
Խǰ½
ߵɳʯƽϢӵôˣ
ûŵŨصѪζ΢ֱϸС˿ڣղſɫ̫Ծ磬ˣ
ûʲôˣôϸС˿ȥʹЩ
ʶضһ£ȽΣգ뿪
ҽ֣Ӧ֪ܰﵽ㡣
ڲ𣿡ͷԣ
û뿪Ĵ㣬Ҳ֮ˣˣҪ͸һߡ
Ҳ뿪˵أ
ģȻŷƺѾûжˡ
תģȻûپջеĳԶˡ
ôͻȻɻ
Ǳ˱ȽˡԵ磬㲻Χˣ
һС飬ҲɵЦˣһ£㡣
סδ˵֣ɽʱ¿һۣ磬𣿡
ֹ֪ؿ֪ν͡
һͬʧġָģҲ˵ģʧȥġ
ȷʵʧȥġŻ뺦ңֻ˵ܡ
һת˵ʵ뷨Ҷ֣ҲŹ
Ϊˣӹ޵ӻ
ţĻλ˶٣ס֣ö֡
Ĵ¶¶ĺԵøڵȻѾ֣кʵĻλѡ𣿡
ȷʵкʵѡĺ󻰣ûлش
Ȼԥ磬Ҳкʵļ̳лλѡԸ⿼ǰ𣿡
Щ˺ܶ࣬ҲƲ˺ܶ࣬ô£Ѿô黳
룬ǲҵҲûʲôҪֻҪҪͿ̿ʧ
ǰôҲΪ֪¾޻صɱܼԦ
ǰܵ״ܹı䣬Լİ˿ģֶΪأ
Լе˼ҿһ¡
ʳ仰ʱûжٰգ׼˲·˵ǣû뵽Ȼɿˡ
Уظһ£
ƼˣǸ˲ʵĻҲһ˵Ŵ˻ʱĿȴᣬǴŵ㰮ġ
ɵøЩȻ
˴ɽʲô磬ȥȥɽѰɡ
šȻѾ϶ˣҪĹҪġ
ѾֻڿǸúʱѡ
Ҫ˵Ψһźɱ
ʱ֣ɳļʮʿɽѰãһ΢΢ݵĹľз˴ƬѪ
ѪǸոմȾȥѪ˿϶ˡ
ɼʮʿڸѰ˰ʱûзټ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


108
ҸѰ˲һҰٶ֡ڵڰο
µ΢, ɽµ׵ҤžĲ
һѪéݶʹţĵ˳Ķ䴫ڡ
ҹʱֲŻָʶģҵʹʹ˵һĻ
۷, ۴ĵʹ, , һһѪ裬ŷԼۿˡ
һҵļ, Ȼ䲶׽һĨģӰ㡭˭
ɽϵҪѱһƲϵ
۾˻ôϹģ
ʱڹľ˵ġЦҪ𣿡
˻ʲô£۵þҪéݶϴֹʹֹʹġ
ûⶫŵɡ
, šȡҡҵǰһˣûץ˵·, ˵˴£˰ۡ
ǡ°һһҩ˽ȥ
Ϣ࡭л
л, ۲ҲҪϹˣҲȲ㡣
ôôᡣһֻǰ˻ΣҰģ塣
ҪϹˣϡȿȡʲô˼ﲼ޵Ѫ˿Ҫ, Ǹչӡᡣ
, ഫϸ˵Цɭ, ˲
Цʲô
а취㡣

ĵײײ, µ˺, ؿΪ, һѪ
ԭֻǲ, ȴʵʵڵһ
ҪԼҽĵԺһϵЦݺŽ§סʱǵĶеһѺۡ
µһĽôǣңֻܳΪԼ°ܽ
ƬѪѰ£һ鲻۵ĵطһС²ɫ޶¡
⸽˼𣿡ʡ
ѵɫֻмףżڸǾ޶òҪǡ
ô˵Ҳ׶༪ˣԵ
һǵɫĪúЦҲݡ
Щȫ飬Ǽδ֪Ƕ˲ûжٵĺøСѵ
˻˵úЦԼҲǸ𣿡
صҡͷڼΪ񡣡
ͷ˸죬ܼ
ϣҲչӿЩȥɡ
ѵ˸˴ǣб˴꣬ʪһС˲
մ˱ˮڡ
ˮ˳䣬˿ëͣ
ָĨȥҲʪġúܿ죬ܿơ
ֻһԵĸɽݸԼһ£ȥ·
ͷֽ¡·ʱѵһʱϵĶ˶١
ʲôֳЦҪҰ𣿡
ֻͷЩ£ĵЦȻһǡ
š͵͵Ӧһѡ
Ϳ̫˳ۣɿѵ£ֻ˼·ȥȻ˱
һǳɣԤȫȻͬ
ںı£⧲ش˸硣
ôô΢΢ҴҴıӣȥд㿴
ĴܿˣҲҩ
ޱؽҩһˣ˼䣬ڳȥˡ
磬ҩÿࡣԹ
ڴߣĸֱϣղô˵ࡣ
˳ƿĻղڣֻиҰ
˼ƵЦЦҲġ
Ҳûа취ҩ𡣡ϧؿ׵촽
ҾͲˡָǶָһûһ۵ؿ
û취촽Դ촽ʪ
ҸоҪˣҩ˯ɡ
춼ûڣ˯ţһ
ʲôʵһһҪ˵ϻͶˡ
ôһҭҲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ַ´ϣĬĬذʾ
˹ЩΣС㻹ѰȻյòʡˡ
Ҳѣѡ˼̫Ƶģյĵ˵
ûʲôǱɵؾЩΡ
ԥס֣ڽӴԴί󣬻Эش쵽Լ·һΡ
á
ϲָ飬Ǽ򵥵üֻЦеķ񡣶ϲĻʱ鶯ʱ΢΢ִЩƵ顣
ʱ˿̡
Ϊֻһˣ˽ġ
Ŀŵռűˣеˣ˯ˡ
ɫŵ㳱죬§ס
ҩЧޣ˴βòᡣ
ҹĴǰֳȥҩ
պľ״̬źת
ԱߵϺŲ衣
⴫΢Ľ̸
ôҩоû㰡
ǰĴȥéޣҩ˲Ŷ˹ġػ˵ɳƣмڡ
۾ôˣһʵ
ǰܹˣͱˣ¡
รˣȥɡ
˵۾ȷʵе̧֣ͷ˴һۡ˶ҩΡΡǰҩĶһһεġ
Ҳô֣ü΢΢ͷŴͷɡ
ȴ·Ƶģҩֱ
Ϊ۾壬ҲҲûڵһʱʹƿ
˵һȣۼ̵ҩˮҪϣҩ˳ȥ
ȴⲻڴˡָϵ⻹δȥȻоֱһһذ׵ĵв֪ʱѻƤ
һ˵ϣڵأץֿ˿磬û°ɡ
û£˿ںСֱϵ˿ڣϡ
˿ǺСҩҽľ綾綾˵ӵ洫
һŲ˵ϣմѪذײƤ˽ȥҩ㲻ҲԼҲɡ
˵˴˶ҩҽĽҩ˵޾Թҵһ˫۾ҪϹˣպûտңҳҪģˮ̫òˡ
ֻϹһֻۣ˭˵һ˫۾ҪϹġЩ˵۾Ǹ߶߶𣿡
㣬ô֪
ǰֻǲ²⣬ԼеĲ²Ȼӽࡣ
˵°ͣȻоһ㲼һĶһ˺˵˺
ϳ洦ɼϸС˺ۣٳ۾ûʲôˡ
ȴںǷϳԼˣղ˵˵ҵһֻ۾оȣ
Ȼ䵭ػصɫαأȥҪȥţΪΪʲôҪƭҡ
Ȼֱͦͦȥ°ĭˡ
ǰһ£ŷԭ֮ǰѾһֶΪذϵĶ
ˣǺܵϵĶ
ִڵĶҪĴߣֻܽ߾ȫϡ
磬оô
Уеǿ
뽫ʬǧУȴֲ뿪ࡣ
ץŬѡ
ҵӦӽң㲻Ϊ˷ֹҩˮõҵϣҲᡭ
ҡͷأ㰤ҵҡ
ĿĵؿǣǵЦЦ
ˣüˡüģһСѡ
硭
ҺеˡļϣѵҪҡ
֪֧ŲסˣЦҲֻǲԼ̫ѹѡ
Ѿ˯ȥһ㷴ӦҲûС
ϵɻ㣬ȴó
ڴϣƤָ˻ȥ˽̿ϳȥʬҰ
Ѷ˵ǰ
ֶ֪ѳ̾ʱǾҲʱǱˮǡһǧˣֻҺһ˽һ
ҵҩˣʵ
ǲ̫Ըἰ£˺þòŻشЩף˶˵ɽĻжģֻм޶ģΪġЩ޶ĻǴ˶Ľҩ
Լµ˺
ﲻЩʪ󣺡һǧ˶Իģֻһ˳Ե޶ĻָҡΪн죬Ӧõһԡ
ⲻܹ㡣һԵжģˣ˻ǵ㲻ʣµİҲֻܾһˡ˵ףһжЩףĴ
ҲЩˣЩûҲȲ𡣡ѵס߾պǻᶾҵЩףҡ
һҲֲЩĻжģЩ޶ģҵҲ޼¡ӻ
ǡѵΨֻ֮ȥɽ
ȥɽԶ𣿡̾Ͻô˽ǵȥأסˣҪô
㡣ϵң
ѳĬˣһϢĳѹϣ벻õĽ
ҿԡãѵϽ鷳׼һƥˡ
㡭ͼĵ
ҸѰ˲һҰٶ֡ڵڰοںƭԼңһˣҲܻŽҩ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


109
һƣɴʱ֡
Щף߳ŪΪ, ϲȥˡӵһֲĿУΪԼ
˵˽Կ࣬Ҫ, ǰͺ̵̶
֮޿, ŰĻˡѰ, ɻȴĽŲ쳣鸡
Ļ£Ͻտһ
˵űȥ, ¡
¾仰ɤӿڣֺ䡣񱻺ɽѩϴ߾㣬ǵı
ʲô£ʵ
ûʲôӲѹ
ɵؿ˻һ, ƽ϶׷ȥ
£ʵûоˡ
Ͻ, ΪβѴ¸ߵ£һԵĴ
Եڵ״̬˴¡ʲôҲΪ·ǣǻҪҺáѴӻóţϵĿġ
ǰ, ڡ
ĸûжˡ羵Ĳ棬ѵ
ʦôʲô϶³ȥˡ羵Ҳʲôû̽𣿡
գȥʲô, ҪʱıǿЩ, ͵͵ЩɾͲˡ
羵˹һۣɫƷǰ㵭
ôԸ, ʱԶʥ̵ĸ֡羵濼£Һ¾޵췽, ˺
ߵĸֺð, ȥ˵ͨĽ̵ˡѩɽϸɻս, Ľ˴, ձҲҵ֡
ɺ¾ޡ羵˼Ĺؼ
²𣿡һ£û¾޵Ķͼֽûƽ⣬ȴĳԶȥصڴôż𣿡
˵ǡ羵üɾˣΡ
һƣɴʱ֡
羵·ȫȻȴŷ£ϸ˵
ĸլδ£ż޹ڵƫ
ңڵ͵ţʱۣݻǬ幬
ƫʱȻ˳
ʱ㶣μ¡
ʱ˰̧֣εͣԸ빫໰ȴҪ湦ãҹ˯
΢о¾ͼֽ
ʱ֪δԼƽݺŴ˻ֻǵӦݣ֧֧΢ͼֽһش©
ش©緢ֲˣ㻹ֵܷˣ
Ȼʱ룬Ǵߣҿ
ϾԻңԻ˽Զʱ󣬽ͼֽϵ©˵һһۣдʡ
ʱ˵ĻûлɣΪ˽ͼֽʲôش󣬵˻޵̣Ǿͼֽʯ޵ĸеʦ
Ұͼֽңһȥооʱ
ĵؽͬͼֽ²ⱾһȥӦ˵о
ҲáʱӦӹⱾ飬Ļҳɵü
Զ²Ҫ
ʱ󲢲ǸСڵˣ޾Ȼȥˡ
΢ͱ¡
΢ҹɫɫζɳƻҳڹĿУ˲

ҹڴˣΪ˵ȺҵϢЦ
ˣ羵ѯʵ
ҽɳװҳļвУֻ˸۴Сķ϶ǸЫߣѰ¾޵ڡʤȯգ´ϸռΪУ鼺á
ȻĽ̽Ҳȡϵձ㶯֡羵ƫִķɤЦϾҵֶ˺ֻҪԹһڹС

ͷһ·һУʿڶ
֪ǲԼĴеʿƺ˲١
δϸ룬ˣһ˶ˮһ˶ʳм
֪Լҩʯҽͽһ
ǴȰ£Ȩҿ
ʲôδü׻Ĵز˲ԡ
һԵĽʿǰϽѾһж˵ˣѡǱͿǡ䲻Ҳ޴ȥͶǡ
ѽбζģǺλһʿ
ô飬ΪβԼ˵
ѷԥɫƵĲȻֲõԤС
¡
㡣ƹдѵڸȥ
ôˣ̧ͷ
Ͻ׷ʲô˿кң
ĬȻһԵĴ˵
ңң⡭ͣµ£ϽңҲ˵
ü΢΢̾ϽαΪһأ
ѳ̾һڿڵ£ʳǳˡ
羵˵Ƶú¾ޣҪ»ȥٴ¡Ŀĵ£ǧȥ
ҪһǷš侲ҿһۡ
ѲԸôƬ̡վǰӻóһŵݸ
ʱİæ¾ǰ˳ֶƯ£ֶٹֶɾͿѪȾFǵʢˣǿֶĹͰ
ָþõֽͣϣ·ûб飬ַ·ϵһ԰롣
ұȥƽȴû˿תء
֪˵棬ֻ£һٸ
šӦ
ɫ
ƿʣĴǰδѣüۼһֲ԰׵Ĵ
Ȼָƽȣ΢
ڴ߶ãֱģ΢콫ػ谵޾ʵ
ȥңңڣԸ֮աüһǣתС
ѳɡͷϣԻѵϽҪһͽˡ
·ġ
ӹֽɡû֮С
һһҹǰԽԽģеֽɡ紵öᣬҲԽԽɣ·
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


110
ûʲôĸײðҶĿȥŵò
˸, ·а㡣ѺȻۣһ׷ŴسǰǸˡ
Ĵǰ, һգգؿ, ŸԪˣ
Լµʲôлǰȡ
ֵܺαؿЩ˼, ҹҶĳʧ⣬Ѿ˶ʮӵˡ
Ŷ, ȻЦ
ЦݣԽΪ飬ִ, ٳ̾һֵܣϵĶô£
ջ, ˶ҵѹƲȥˡ
⾿Ǻζʵ
ɽĻĶ
ĻЩµĶ
ҡ
ǡõĬϵĻش,㾹ȻΪ
ګګ˶ٶĻ
ãһٶʮҵˡһʶֲ̧԰
峺ܿһܿһ㵭ľĺۼ
һٶʮ䡣ȵü˵Ѱ˲һٶʮΡ
ȷʵѰˡЦֻһЦȼС, Щ̫
, ƺѰ˵Ļ˵´ҵôʱ, 𡣡
ŵýƻشϣȥ, ߲˼ֵ·ϡ, 취
Űжõķ, ˵Ҳû, Լڵ״̬ʺϸ·ʱ⡣
ԭⲽ˺üȦͣǵڵ𣿡
ĻĻԣҪҸԵĶҩкͣеڡƮѩҲ˵ЯĵҩþҵѾõˡ
ð죬Ϸô꣬ʮĹеģʱ⡣üֻԶҩ
ΪһһظȻӣҰﵽˡ
ֵܣһ¡ȴţӴ˳ȥ
˵󲿷ֵĶͽ߱ڣǱծı¡
ıӰεҡͷЦЦ
Ƭ̺󣬰ˡ
ӡš˶ĳİ״ƿӴ˽պգղŲӲˡ
ʲôŰƿʵ
ǶĳġĳǮĶĹ͸ҩҪҲðǮϡź봭ϢϷ򼼸һûץ
ֽӹ״ƿץҲĶְɡ
GֵܿɱСƶĳĴ֣ѰĸֶǵĶ֡ϷӦһҲѣܶͶˡ
ѽ֮УԼ߰
ü΢ɼֵҷģҩĶԹҡ˵߰һҲýϴȡһʱѹһٶʮĻĶء
šӦ˾
Ƴסĺ󱳣
ɶ߾ܵ쳣ʱձɽڵɶزȶ
ĶͷȺɫָ˵㡣
סлǰǰպõµĵطһ岻ݴǡ
Ϸ㲻Լ˼ӣٺЦԺȱӾֵˡ
ţǰʥ̣һͨ׼㡣룬Ҫ¶ɣϾǰʶ
ţ졣촽԰ţǻֵܼʱްҪһȥ¥һ
ǰ죬Ҫ£ʹȸˡ
źȻˣϷҲǿֵһ·ߡ

ҹжӣ׼ҹоʳǽգϾôӴľӣ˵ʶͬоٶȿ϶Ȳϸÿ졣
Ѳ֪ںδвⵣǡ
ڣҶĺдǡҲڡ
ҶѵƬ̺ҪˣҶҲϽʰɡ
Ҷɫܲҹ·
Ҳ֪ˣֻǡ
Ҷĵչ磬Ͻһ
Ҷĵϻ⡣
ѶģҲһԸվԼҲǸ⡣ҶǺһ߹صģӦҲúչӦˡ
ǰѻʿһλд
Ǹѹġ
ۣӴϰ£Ӱӡ
չ𣿡Ҷ˺üʱɴʱԼȴ͸һ㡣
ȥˣﲻ޵ǡ
Ҷĵָץ½ǣеĶδ˷Ŵͻˡ
ֲԤУӦ÷ʲô£Ȼ᲻
չӵĹϵãһʹ䡣Ҷ
ܾҶĽյĻЩ֣Ȼ˵ƽʱһȴ˾ò̫
ݵջ񣬵Щ춼չң
šҶĵ͵͵Ӧаڴ
ллʵ
ֻһлл𣿡ҶС
һۣЦҪʲô
Ҷĵ÷ţһڶԼ˵õʱˣԼ޿ܡ
պʲôѴһᾡ㡣´ӴҶڴߣΪ⣬Ҫʲôֻ棬Ǯƶԣ㲻ز˼
ҪأҶľԼڲ
ΪԼˣֿҶһۡ
һƽ޲Ҷȴĵúܡ
Լ˴ǰһ磬ҴӺܾǰͿʼϲˡ㣬Ը⡭
ǸѾˡûʲôĸײðҶĿȥŵòˣҲû׷ߡ
ܾǰһûôֻǾܾɱˡ
뵽ЩĻţȳȥҵ
ǣҶôáҶвʵҪûңôѹΪչ㣬ѾҹûˡأʲôΪˣҲֻ뿪Ϊλȥʲôɽ׸ģơ˵ȥŵħͷȥˡ
졣ĻҶ㶵ؿûôԭΪԼľ֮㹻ԼĻһЩ
һξ룬ĮǷģǾ֮ʲôҶԸõȼ۵ĶȥûλӦĸ顣ǰ˵㷸˼ɻ䡣
л˵
һ£һ»˼桪
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


111
дû˴֮£ĲݴѪ볾Ѿʧ
, 磬ֻ̫ϲ̫żˣҲ, ҸǸҶԸ, ˳ûϼ, ԼúȦ¸Щʧ롣
˵˵ž˼, Ҳ
ûмԼǰޣ˿Ʋסˮǰµʹˡ
ЩΣ̫Ӧ, ΢΢ü˳Ҷĵһһ䡣
ҶıϾԼڴ˵غ, ûĹЩӲ˵ˣˡ
ƿ, ߳ȥǣ
ҶΪһҳǷȥˣ࣬Сظȥǣ磬Ҹһȥ
ûľдʿ˱, и·
ϵʳǵʱ, Ѿʮաǽϵ춼죬ֻǲ֪ĸ
δ̤, פصĽϳʹ˸ɫ, ӵԵƬ, ҽȥ
ضԼ, ޵ظԼĽŲ
Ƿ췢˿Լ
羵Ƕһ, Ҫߣ˭Ҳˡ
ʱ羵ʹҴææظˣҡаر̧ǰ
ҵĺֶˡ羵Цⲽǰصرһ¡
Ƥû̧һ£羵ʼ磬ΪźôԻ䵭Сʱġ
ʱںδ
㣬㻹˹ֵ羵޶ظп
һʱ֮ģ羵Ҫú¾FǡֻʯİƷʲݵؼӹһ°ɡֻƽ֮һĻͼֽڵĺ¾ֻӵһҪǣȱؼĿƿء
һûͣءüĽٲԾؼӿ˼֡
羵ܸܵں
ʲô羵ЦˣʧҲ㰡
ѵüôûаյʱ򣬡羵üĵǣ˵ʹ죺ȻֶˣҲһʱ͸һʱú깤㿴Σ
ȸ㰲źס羵ִļ򣺡Ȼֶ˺úõһԶš
羵ûûн̧ΡڻʳǵĴϣ·ȥסĹ̡
ԤеʲôǳڱܵؿʼĻš
ָԼģǿԼ侲
羵һưܵĸǰͣܵĽӲЦôؼ˶ȥ𣿡
ɫ˪ĲԾð亹
ǸʵĵطǸÿһο᲻Ծطĵط
ֶǶҸ㰲ŵס̫⣿羵ȻˣFǵʱҲҪúÿǿˡ
űһһ˳̨ȥǰͭɫŰǻҳ
һ˲䣬оԼֲԼȻôٶƿš
촽ʼףѡ
ǰһжˣһкûб䡣
дû˴֮£ĲݴѪ볾Ѿʧ㵹бľϣԵùܶס
ؿһ⣬·˺
羵ؿķӦһ˼ӣרŷ㡣Ժÿ˯йذɣʱǰһҪصš
羵ִļϣȻսᣬʶһϣüһֹ
羵˵Ѫϵùԭֶôϲ׽ϵζľƷ۸ǹ˰ɣȻӦú͵ĸϵζһ
ؿɫҪ𣿡
ˣĸúõطӵ¡羵ӵСȥϵĳ
ĴٶȺϣӴ粽ظ󣬳ĬʰưܵһСϦǵӰ·ֻ˵Թ

ʦˣ̧ۼ羵ϲüң
šһǣң㡣羵ú¾FиУ´²Ĵܹ˭أʱ˭ҵֶǸء
ḺģʦһǿͲЩС𣿡
ĸ˼
ǱϾ뷿ڣҹܻһ˴ŵʱ򡣡
ºѡ羵ЦǸסţ˵˼ˣһҹҲ˯ȣܲ㲻ˡ
Īʵ羵ûзϣԵƽ¾Ļͼֽˡ
ûǸҪµĺ¾Ѿ㹻ǿҾ뿴ܵģ羵һºǾⲻͼֽΪڣԭƻFǡҪΪʹࡣ
л˵
Ҫһ¼ˣ֮˹ƻһŰ
Ű̫õģʮڡ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


112
ָ⶯˶ڸմ뱧
µҹ, ֻܲڿСڻľƵĴͷŻ谵⿴Żͼֽ
ڼСһϣ, Ųһǰ㡣
͸ѵĴڴ, ֮ζӰҲù
ͼֲֽǺ, ǿԼעں¾޵ײĹϣȴʱʱƳǶӰ
һ겻ѵĴ, ξʵغһ
з·ҩζѪζ͵ζ
ûζģȴһֵĽζ, ֻüʱ򣬲ŵζ
ô˶ֲˣֱߵ, ŷ۾΢΢۹Լϡ
ĹӦԼ븮о˲Ŷԡ
оͼֲֽ񡣡Ӧô, Щûз𣿡
ôĹҵṦôõָ
ûнӹĻ磺ʥˣ
·ͻȻҲڽУᷲǸȥ˱߹, Ҳȥжˡֻͨ¶ڽСʥܶڱĽơ
Ҳ羵ߡʱȳȥ, Ȼǵжţϵᷲ, ټʥ̷ֶ, ܶڵķĽһ򾡡
أȾȳʱ͸𣿡
Ҳ, Ҫס羵¾޵Ʒǲһط, ǻи, ұҪȫ֮ߡ
ɫǵؿһûȫ֮ءôĳ
ԵΡֻ˰ǧӳ羵˸Ḷ̌˴Ĵг㻴Ͻ˭˭ӮҲǶ
ûѡ񡣡һ֮ǿ϶̶ԕF֡
ֺγֻ֪һʱ̡Ϊѵṩʱ䣬Ϊȳʱṩʱ䣬ֻΪ˼ǶԲṩʱ䡣
ٸеƣṩЩʱȼյĶԼ
еκ˶ҪҼ棬羵Ļɡ룬Ҳҽӽ˰Ȼػš
šǧౣء
šӦ
˼ҹɫ֮С
ϵʳǣպ
ѵδϵ֪ںδˡȡϵѺȡϵ
ֻȳԺͶǱߵ˽ӴĺԼһô˶ãһҵ䡣
ıڻʳ֮⣬ȴڻʳ̽ơ
羵Ѿ֪ڣȨȷֱѿʳǲԶǳءǳǰʱвĺۼ羵ӦǵõʲôϢ
Ļ˼ʱӦþбȻȵ羵һ׳ˡ
˵˻ͼԼӻӣֱ֧شȨ֪ɷЩҶб
ȻбҪٵǮƣֻǻ˵һξ룬һʱ˲ôԼѾӦ˿ǰ¡
˵Ҳһʱ
˵Ųȴżֻұȣҵֻ͡
ڵڸдš
羵⣬ҹ̻̲˯ҲҪĥľ
ﰲڸоͼֽδҲ̫ˡ
ĸӰӣһ·¥
ʱϲĵط
ʱʱʱʱԼ˵ţдĳӶǹ
һֵʱ⡣
¥ͣפ˼룬ܿƹȥˡ
²̫ϲһӲԹɫ
ǵȱСһӵʵֶǲġ
õԼϲǼܿµ飬᲻
ûˣֱߵһҾ¥
ǡһ˴¥
ɵûͷһۣһԵ˼˲Ѱ˼ҡ
Ļ˼ҵĹӡջߡ
棬ǰĻסĸϣȻҲظһȥ
λһԵСڵؽżȥ֮ʮ顣
²Ǻܸߣ˵ؾ¥żĹҲխ
СڹϣӭһȺˡ
СЦЦλ͹룬ͽźǡ
ûߣ΢紵࣬з·Ϥĸо
ȥһɲеع壬ɸ
ȴ·ûǰȥ
߬ס֡
ͣ˽ŲӦȴ䵭ֻЦŵ˵ͷþò
ˣſ֣þò
˵ĸ½һż䣬ȴδȥֻվغš
˻
͹ôˣСڵʵ
һ衣¥żΣҴǡܿǱߵ״
ƺһ㣬Ҳãھûӡ
С˽ӷУҸżЩȣҪ͸¶ҵϢֻͽȥǡ
͹ٷģҵϵĺܡСϲЦտ
ֵ׼һֽ
ϣ͹Եȡ
һ̾ȱͽķڡ
벻λµô󣬻θڳôණһ
һȽϸģϸؼеĲ̣һһֽ֧ƵĺĻʵʲô
СЦŵһλǹӳúÿ͵ġ
ӲÿһƬãûּ˽ȥ
ƳϵĲȣʹˣЩҵġ
͹ٲЩˣپҪҪա
СЩδ򿪣ǰ涼ҾƹݵɫˣֻһһƬһ̵ܾݴ
΢ŵصЦ
Ӽһˣ״̬ƺ
ǷȼСѰ˿϶ȴܸܵϸ΢仯
ָ⶯˶ڸմ
뱧
Եһ̣һۺõĺĻذ׵ɫȴԵúġ
ϸֳЩЦݣ忡ûάֶãתһָΪŨصǳ棬С˰ɡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


113
뿪Ȼأ΢΢Աһ˿ȣ
СԼˣ͹˵Ц𣿡
Ҳ̫ҪСûʲôӦ, Լȼϵ¯ǰȼ
ǻûֽ
ܿһУ˵Ǽٵ, ʲôԡ
ƿ˳ȥӵ¿Իظˡһӹθ, ˵ĲĿ
˵ĿȴûʲôӦ, ɫ糣߰ɡ
λ˵һֽһӵ
ѾˡҶû˵δ̫Щ´, ֱ
˵ǣС˿ǲܡ
ӵ¡ݹȻԼ²İ˾ŲʮĻ, Ӧסڡ
֪䣬Щ
Ȼ, ôֵ֧羵
羵Ѿǿȷʵסλˡ
Ϊ˿ˣǼˡ
, һȥһ档
һ·صػصͣһ
ջ̤븮С
羵ˣѵӭȥֶ֪Ѿʳˡ
ҡҡͷ䵭Ϣͨ
羵ٴ, żɽƾĽ, £Ͷҿ϶練ơ
ƾƭĽôԴɽ´ᣬѾҶˡ
ֶĪҪƭ, æȥ˹̲ҲΪ𣿡羵ź˿, ϶ҲνԶ
ļⷢ, , ǣ, 
ҲҪʲôæƽʮֻҪܰҿҪá羵
еѡϵĶ֣Ҳһϳݣ˵Ѽ˶Ӫվߡ
ֶҵһֺýڣ˾ܾңʵġ羵ЦȻһҧ޹ϸպҪҿ壬򣬺֪ġFǰյɶֶһ˵ϡ
羵˵Ҳϵˡ
Լ˷׶༪٣ûҪǣԶ˹ϵǾΪá
ҹڴߣػһصͼֽ
¾Ļͼֽһʱ̱ƽģƽˣƽҲֻΪ羵á
ҪܹƺƷ¾޵ͻޡ
ͻƳҲҪһʱȥ죬ⳡעûʤ㡣
߾ۼͼֽϣȴѼע
һһ磬һ΢춼ʱʱ̵̿ǣ񾭡
̨ķ΢΢˻Σʶ̧ͷһƬӰп
ڻʲôô棿
ͼֽ磬㲻ֵط
ߣֻ֪ʲô
ӦѾҵ˰ɣһֱƭ㡣
ʮǰҲµˡԭˡ
йɱӿͷԸһȥ𣿡
šʵǲǱ˼ˣ
ûСֻЩ췢̫£еͷ۶ѡԸŻҿȥȽ㲡Ȼ磬ˡ
紵Ĳ䷢ʣ𽥱ñΪʲô
ܸʲôʵȴָش𣺡ҰǮƣλҲһ֮£֮ˡҲ˴ơ
ʲô𣿡ʵĶͷǲǽԻˡ
쳣ᣬŹУȴֻѹ
ֱסǿס嶯磬ô룬ֻΪ㲻˽ҡ
ԭһһʥ̽ĵλģڣһһߵزһֱҶȨǿҡ
ȥ߹أҲΪոȨѡֻǡ㡣ǡұǰӡڲٺĹϵˡ
һиңҹǽ𣿡
ЦһزڸԼ˦źڴԼ˵ΪʲôҪԼǹɡ
̵̨ãֻҲ˳ˡ
㲻ģΪ᲻áظҪˡ
ΪʲôҪĻɫ㲣ȴǿŵ˵ĻһҲš
Ϊʲôš֪ҰΪʲôô䵭ôΪҲû˾Ǻ죬ϣҵĻλѾӪˡ
ûСɫЩѹۣѡ֧羵Ϊʲôһѡ֧ء
ؿ˵Ļ
Ҫ֧֣ԺѣԲܣҲԺԼ
뿪
һߣ賿˯ȥ㱻ջԵѡ
ʮףǧͭǮһӶСһĳӵ쳣
һĸ˿ճɱͲãʮҪǵ
ǼĶػճɲãñôץ๫
һ𣬼ŽͿ
ü̫ѨӴ˿ջҰ
ǹٱ˾ҲԸ˵Ҳұ㣬ʵǵʥϵ˼ƽʱҲֻжڸˣҪˣҪӻء
ĳȥľҲûиߵôš
ΪλԸվأѵֻΪ羵Ļ塣
磬ٹǻʳǵĵνˡҶ£ߵЩһֱҡ
ûп㡣Ǻܺãﶼһ˿ƣ
磬ǲѾˡҶĵ
ûлػ
Ҷ֪Ľһ̫⣬Ȼǰ˵ȥħͷȥˡֻԲЩ⡣
磬ԸԿһ𣿡
ԸҾһֱֱԸΪֹ˷ʱˡУνѾԼˣصҡ
ҶȥıӰǰ˵ĻԭΪ֪ѶˣûĻϡ
ڿҪԼǲܵˡ
бҪٺ̸̸

ԭŹʹڴŲŲˡ
һεĵνڣȤϲ˵ﻹͦȥġ
ǲܷ񣬱˸һҹ֡
ҲˣǶĿиЩ
ڽţȻ˿Լ
δع˸ƫҪ˵ʲôץʱ䣬Ҫȥˡ
ѹɤʮףǧͭǮһ˼ҵľ͸ߵֵز˵ĺʵѡ羵ö٣
磬ˡͳߡ
ǿסеĲ죬Ҳڹ㣬ΪʲôҪΪǸλ𣿡
ǲʲôԣ
ûСôĿԣ磬ٹˡ
֪ΪԼԤôǿңһԼ
ȴÿ¡
Ҵ뿪𣿡۾ı䲻ˣҴ뿪𣿡
һּʹ࣬ƽҴȥû˵ĵطˡ
ĶоԼѳ룬һҪӦˡ
֪Լܲˣûȥܣ¼ٸԼҲ֡
˵İť羵ϣF
ܲܣһԼı䲻Ҳˡ
Բһ
ȥǵú棬ķӦȴ䵭
֣þ˵ߺ𣿡
뿪Ȼأ΢΢Աһ˿ȣһ룬˦֣ͦõģ磬㻹ûҲҪˡ


114
һеɳƣûиоҼô
ƺûӦ, Լķ룬ǻûʶûڿЦ
Ҵûϲ㡣һʼΪ˺¾ͼֽΪ˳ȥ˹, ٺΪոȨ, ô˵, 𣿡
ĬؿҲ֪ô˵סɫƺЩ, ˶٣ĮԼ飬㲻ܽ, Ҳֻˡ
ȥ۾תߡû߳, ˽߬ס
˵ʲôֻһϢȾܱߵĿû˿ңֻҲҪ, Ȼ뿪ҡ
ĻûʲôݾƽЩ磬ƺеľ
û뵽˵Ļ˽, һֱǱȽѵһˡ
, ĵӿȴԱһ֡
ܷŰ׳, ׳, ΪʲôҪҾ塣Ǻþۺɢ𣿡
һ,еɳƣûиоҼô, ȴֻһպ󲻹˭, ΩҷŲ¡
ҹżŵشڣĵƻӳһƬžԵøҡ
ǰһرס²ϺоԼһƬѩӵסȴһƬڵѩ
һ£Ŀܣһ
ƿ
ƣ˵ɿֵġ
ﵽĿģȴЩȻʧԼҵĸȷʵǸˣϧ̫ˣǿˣֻǿԼ
ԼˣԸǿԷ
ǰ˵˺ݻ˵뿪ңֻҪԼֳһܺͲǻ֡
ûٿת뿪
Ҷûڿջȥ˶ȺסĸȴһƬ
ҶĴƫ·ȥ鷿
ҶĵĵȴԵ٩ΣҹڿջһţҪѰҡ
ڿջҶĵǰ˵а취ٳҺվϣָΣ
Ĳϣʲô취ȻЩϲ̨ļ
Ҷôһ˵Ҳ뷨
ϰ֮ˣԳԺﶼҪʳҩڵ졣ѰĻζ̫壬һʼͻᱻ֣һС˶һµյ˽
һϺõ㣬ƽûʲôоֻк˾ƲŻᷢ书ЧЧӵĻҪʱȴҵĺܡʱ㲻ƣҪѡ³֮󣬿޵Щ
ܲܳɣÿı¡ֻҪݵ㹻棬ֵöԴº֪顣Ҳ鲻ǻ㣬ֻԼ˴
ҶĽӹյл
αлңҰġҪӦңܳɣ£ߡ
΢΢ü֪ΪΣܸоһֱڷҡ
һ¡ҶСӦ
֪ԼôصջģԺл֮ȥӰշתߵĵز
ʿջϰҪƣڽȾơ
δ·ԽԽѡԽѾԽʹࡣ
硣ҶĴӿջ˽ôôͻˡ
ҶĵﲻЩˣļ沢졣
࣬˲͵ĵо
⿴ðе۾ҶĿԴŵ磬Ҹ㻻һɡ
鷳ȥ˯ɡ̧ͷҶһۣһۺƽҶȴ˵úܡ
ΧĿΪһ̳Ҿ뵳ľò
鷳ӦĬĬóеյյڵ͵Ƶϡ
͵ȼգɢһصζȴǺˣµ¶ˮȻ
ζϤһμʱŵľƷ۵ζڸסˣʱرʱżҲŵΡ
˵о
ÿ£ⶫ˭ģ
Ҷû뵽һӲĻŵ磬ҡ
û⣬ظ˵һ飬˭ġ
ˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


115
ʲôʱҶ㡣
㽫ֶϣ
ҶĵϸӬ, ͵͵Ӧţ磬ֻһʱвʹ, ԭҺ𣿡
չ˹, ȹҵķ, Ҳ׷ˡҶģյһʹ
ҶĵԺ, Խܡ
磬֮ǰ˵Ҿȹ㣬չ˹, պʲôѴᾡҡҪʲô, ܾҡҶպӦһҪ󣬿𣿡
һҪԸԸӦҵ¡ҲԸ, һԲӦľͱˡԼ𣬺ô
Ҷû뵽ƽ˵ôĵĻԼıᵽ˼㡣
ҶӦôңҪ˨, ȥ, ͻػ¡

ػǳﱸˣǵСҶĵ硣
籾, 㲻ӦûҶĲԸǰ˵ʵ, ȡһأûô¡
ûҾ͸ˡļ, Цձ𣿡
, ˵ػǵ·Ҫ;ǳ, »Σա
޷һˬشӦˡ
˼ǲ
úܺãǰھ¥ʱͲ˳ͻһһȴƫƫϾ㼺ֵòɢ
֧һ鷳
Ͱ˼ɡ
õ˻ĵǧԸҲֻʳǡ
Թһ»ЩͼʿɵġԼСãԼܵ衣
һ·һԵĵĿơ
彫ʹǹ𣿡;ͣЪ߽Դ
ó
ֲּλþ֪ˡ
ЦһҪʲô˱Цһս͵Ĳ¡
Ҫ飬ҲЩѡ²ԸȰ
Ҳھ¥𣿡ƺһڣԴǼſɬҲʱƫƫһͷƫƫѹһȡ
彫书ıԣһ֮ϣθԸþ£
ıԲ֪ƾϢ书֮ϡģ治ɫĲؿ޵
лֱ˵ǳٶҲ⡣
彫ľɾһҵ𣿡
ҲŤ󣺡кѡ
ѡĻ˺䣬羵ôѡ
ٸ羵һοͻᣬΪ
ûټ׷ȥ
Ȼˣ뽫µΪã
ԭֻ߷һҪ죬зĳ򷨺˼·֮Сû뵽ջ
彫а취
˵µıԸξֻռ޷۵ı
ڲξʼϾͻᱻ֣ǵӱҲᱻ˺µʿٺͷ֡һ֣ͻܵ˵Ĳп
ֻдﵽһ޸ϻŻᷢŲᱻӱΪû
˭ܵģʵ
֪ԱܡΪ书߸һڸ֣ҲױлɳˡպһЩϱı۵ڣӦûȥóһǰǱ븮С
˼ֻҪõ֧ʹµı
书֮ϣǰȥһᱻ֡
ֻֻǰ
պһҹ˶һңŲ˼񣬴һó˼ֹ˻ȥ
ڰߺ󣬴ܸȡе
һд˴Ŷʮ˵֣ͬһģʱŻҪü
ˣеҲнһǧţʵڲǸСĿ
ó׼õĽУװ룬ҡ
뿪һӰסȥ
ĳֽǰû뵽Ҳ͵顣
˵ز˾νʲģܡ
׷ٶǰҹν£
ûʲôϵ
㲻˵ҾͲ뿪Ť
ģӦ˹㲻Ҵһô뿪򡣡
ı˵£֣뿪
ıŰһϣķڷ
ҲףϲҼҽΪλڽôԶĵ
ûʲôӰ죬齣齣ôûǣңܸΪ뱣ˣŻøΪǿ󡣡
ͣƬ̣Ц޵ʵ齣
ûиоĽʽȽȷʵ硣
齣Ҳ飬ֻǶˡ
ҲˣڵʱӲǿʵᱻ⡣
ûǣңΪһ˶ӵ㣬ֵô
ؿ㷽˵ʥ̵ˣ
šӦ֪̽ϢǰˣԽĺܶж̫˽⣬ǽʥǻ֪ν¡֪䡣
Щʧ
֪ȥɶԷȴԸԼ̽ϢɶԷ֪Լ١
ӦûԼԸ֧վߡ
ҹȥһ
ɫ֦΢һжǰǸҹЩ
˴ȴڸС
ﶺ̫ã¶ˡԥƬ̣һŸ
صҹ羵ڻʹн̸á
Ȼ˵ĶЩ黰ȴֲõԤС羵һִյ˲ŻеźʹݣһȲҪҫȴֻܿµϲá
ڴߣǿԼעͼֽϡͻѾҪˣֻǸϹҪһʱ䡣
΢΢ػ˻Σһ΢ķ̧ͷɫҴҵվԼǰ
ʲôˣʵ
ɫصݰϢ羵Fɱս¿Ҫǰˡ
û羵ܻԼû뵽һô졣
ٸԼʮ죬˵ʮ죬죬ϣͻ
񣬻Ѵ羵ϵеʱ谭;Уڻǰ
ֻƾʥ̺Ρϵİǧ赲羵Ĵ¾ˡһľڷڡ
񲻶طձʵָ֣ⴥͷֽдġ
îʱп𣿻ʱʱʱյľ¥һûգҲУպҲУպҲСʲôʱҶ㡣


116 v
Ȧ죬Ц䣬ǲǾúܿ
ģɫ, µ˴ţûģ
ûлش𣬵FǱȥ𣿡
ѾȥˣΡҲʱ˹ȥǵõϢʱ, 羵Ѿǰɱ, ϵ, Ƹպÿս֪ͨFǵİճ롣
ǾֻسˣֻҪܳŹFеİճ롭쳣侲ʱ׼һƥ
˫ʵ, ڻǳ룬ûʲô
㲻ȥĻдһ˿ţ˵ףҲɵġ
Ҷ𡣡, ǵĹԸ˺¾ޣǰƷҿԡ
˶, ӵҲֻҿԡ
ҴӦһЩˣҪһ̫ƽʢ, Ҳ޺ˡᣬ˵ڣƮɢ˿С
֪Լı䲻ľκֻʣ½һ·
îʱȥ¥һ, Լʱʥ̼档
Ҫʲô
Ҫġ
֪ġ
ġһһ취ȥ, ȫκй¶ȥģΪֹɵͨͨʥ̷߽á
Ĭ, ɬȻǡ
û뵽ԼյšȻԼĵصı, ڼָı䡣
ܻʥǡǡĸ˲, ܰȫ
ͳˡ
ú׼ʱ, ˵, һֱ
һ߼û뿪
ķһƬ΢ȥͷж
ˮҲһ㡣
ôϲ𣿡
ǸǸò̫ġ
ȣĬƬ̣ڵмҪ͸㡣
ɣҲС粻ȿҵġ
ʲôʡ
ûлش
ƽʥ̵ĵУʪŵѪζЩõԤС
ʮףǰֵ𣬸ţܿϰһˡڣϱ鲼СС˺ۡؿӡһʥ̵ĽӡǺܾǰӡȥģѽ衣
˵Ʊ𺮱ϮǰȥдЩʦ𡣡
ûлػ࣬ƽʮҾͷ
ôΪ˻ƽʮü˵֪ҵ˭𣿡
ĬȻԣϵɫ쳣䵭
ֻҪ㿪ڣһ㡣ɬαء
ҲšĻ˽ϲԼˡҶĸûϹϡ
˳õļžĻܼϡ
Ȧ죬Ц䣬ǲǾúܿЦ
ûκθоﱸʮƽڹ誣ʱԴ뿪
˵úأҽ㻹չ죬Ȼ°Ҫ
оһХԼգȭͷǽϡ
ЦˣΪβң
᲻ãԴҵģֲ㡣
ָմѪǴδйʹġ
ұһ£ԭҺ𣿡һȥ۵еúһ̰ů
⿪ָʹü˵
˳ȥ
ɫɵģɽѱõ
Ǻοأ
ңٺòˡ֪˵仰ôʹࡣ˵ҡ
ô˽ע̫ණܣҲ᲻һܡ
Ȼ˵úأֻƤһպ
ֻƺιЩҩԾɻš
ڹ誵Ĵߣ΢Ŀ
˭
תͷһϤӰ
Ц˽ֵܣ֪𣿡
ˡ϶֪ʣ֪𣿡
أԽ͵ⲻǮִӦҪǮƣҲˡ¶ұҲûټһʥôյġ
û
Դ˼ؿڵҾӦһ¼ֵĹϵϣҪȽһ£
ֻɬҺʲôϵ㡣
л˵
һ¾Ҫvˣллһ·֧֡
һͺ嵱ó齱ǣôô


117
Ҳģһġ
𣿡ֵ
Ц, ЦЩɬ˵ʲôҴûĹ
˵ʲôֵô㡣
˸ִֹĸо
ŰĻҰҶ֪, ζ
Ϊ˽ĻĶ, Լһٶʮ䶾, ڰ·ϣô᲻㡣
㡭˵ʲôԼˡ
㲻֪𣿡ɻʱ, ˤ߾񱻺ס˰, ޱȡ
Ϊҽҩһٶʮ䶾ҲͲˡпѰһٶʮΣҲֻˡ
Ѿǰٶˡƶĩˮ, ƮŸ͵šʧǵȥ
ҫ۵»ζŨĹӰ׷ϻҰ׵ܣ紵Ժ滨, ȴһˣֻзöе˶˰㡣
һ˼ƫһսǴһ˵Ӱ
嫿Ͱ͵ǲǹˣ˳ֳʲôˡ
ظ, ֪ǽȥ𣿡
֪ҡҡͷ, Ღŵ˵ҾͰڽǰǿû, ʮ¡
嫵ɫ, ĵǱ, ˵Ҳ˵, ˵ͲԶˡ
㲻˵ھһ̡˶ֻӲ, γʣļϡ
͵͵ǣǲ˵ġƭ
ãðɡľսԥƬ̣Э羵ԕFǳȥFǽսҲȥġ羵ôлޣʥ̲Ŷˡ϶϶زסġ
˵󣬻Ѵһ˿ֻš
ʲôʱߵģ׷ʵ
ˣڸϵÿ죬˵ܼһ档
һ档ԭǸʱѾһˡ
һ֪ԭ˺ʧȥ£ǲʹģֻǿյģ·Ҳ֮ɢˡ
ǿ򶨵ض嫵ҹ
ıظƫнȥջһˣFǡҪ;ܵһ׷ĺǣҲɱˣûУ
綶ɸ־صͷ
ٿϵ˰ɽǣƥFǸȥ
Ļһֱǰһӵ
ĳˣ²ǹģԼ˵һ־ǹ
̫飬Ҳ̫Ϊ顣
ԸԼһеµĺϰһ˿ɴûʹԼ
֪Լı䲻ıܡһֱԼһԡ
ΪԼΪԼԼԼĻ˵ȴЩ޹ʹĻ
ı˺ʹ࣬Լ
һˣ㰮Ϊϵɽ»𺣣ȴҰֶ˵ڡ
ǻҹFǵĳѸƣڳſڣϲѪۣеĻۿһ룬Ѫ˳ָڳʯϡ
Ѻ羵еĺ¾ع֣ȴǵһںҹ￴ģ
һɱ񣬱Ļ·ŰĹ󣬺Ѫɫһġ
֪һˡʱ󣬺¾޽Ƴȴһ谭
عƽʵҲûʲôģܽ鶼ѾˣҲѾˡ
ϼʱ㹻Fеİճˡ
ֻǰټһͺˣٱһͺˣһ͸ˡ
֪Լôûʵ֣뱧ٿһǳ˵Լʵܰ
ӺܾúܾǰѾܰˡ
¾޵ĳֱĻסһĻ𻨱˺ҹֱĥ˱ƤѪû֡
֪˶ã޵ĳͣصһеðһƻֹ̣ͣˡ
ֻڻϣ׼ȷ˵ֻһķ֮һɡΪһ壬Ҳβ
ڴʱһ죬һֻ¾һ̤ǰһֻβ̤Ӹµظ
ֻͮ۾Ե쳣}ˡ
ûˣδֻֽޣſȱܵûУؿֻе¡
һӰǵӰ̫죬ײеӺ˼롣
طϵ죬ֻ޵צҲж롣
һӰ˲Զĳϣת˵߸ſһ˲
Ҳֻһ˲
ʮֻ¾Χ˹˱Ƶ˷֮ء
ΪʲôҪڱдŵľǰûָоȴᵽˣȲҵġ
һۣһ·̫ѽ㺺޷С
Ҳģһġ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


118
ˣһƷ磬ߵʱҲһġ
˵߸ſһ˲
Ѫ̧ͷ, 
ǰıɢ̣鰮ִкο嶼һ
¾޲Χ, ʵĶװ
硣, ܿӭһ
Ľ˵, Щȴ˷ѵͷҪ뿪
, 𱬷޴ɨ˰ڵʮ
ĳģ˻޵ߣеķ綼Ʊ, յɱ
ò뿪࣬ӹڵʿж, ĻޡһһѵĽУ洦ɼ۶ϵı
ʥ̽ʣһ˻ںͳӿʿ翹ܶЩոǿ֮, κϵĲ̫󣬹Ѳڣİࡣ
һܻޣذ׵ڱֱϾ˿ڡ
Լʥ̽ʣʮվڳŵͨ, ½ųʿ롣
ʱ, ᷲһ
ŵĳҲ½ˣǱƲѹϳšᷲڰջ֮һڳ羵µʿںŹ, Ҫǡ
ֻһ˵ĺϢ˿, Ө׵մ˵㳾, һκˮ˳°͵䵽ϡ
ᷲû˵Ļ, ˶֪ЩĺԼ;
űֻʱ⡣
, żľɫ֪ǷĳƻǸˡ
洦ɼʬ۶ϵıѪʳСӰɳ
ûʱȥηΪηһ̣ѽӽϡ
ֻзսܽķ񱼡
֪˶ãб꽻֮
ǰˣȻʿ⳷ȥս
۵׵ɻδſȥԮѵ
ʱˣ羵µʿսһ
Ȼ羵µӶ࣬ǱϾѾսһһҹã˫Ļս˽ֵľ档
Լʥ̵ʣҲСΡµİǧֻʣ˼ˣںżء
˰죬µԽ谭ϵ˕Fǡ
ֹЪ羵ʱ˾ǡ
þǰһѱס
˵Ѫۣ£ˢһеĳѪ
ȥһõ񷿱꣬Ϳ˵ҩ򵥵ذ˿ڡ
òľĻѽ¿ɣ±ȥеѪҺͺۼĻۣ󲻵žʲô
񷿺ܱܷ磬¹ڼϣһʱԡ
潥Ϩ𣬴ɫǰϣҶӵıŹ⣬ڷҡҷš
ʲôҲûУ񱻴һɾŲƷլʰеϸȥˡ
Եþ׶տã㲻˯𣿡
˴§ס
ãеĿڻĻ
΢Ļ˻Σ׵¹ķ䣬ļϡ
ǲʲô˵ڵҲУ˵˵
Ƿֱǰ˵Ҫ͸һȴԼˣ˵
֪ϰʲô¶ԼԽԼżҲҺ𣿡ϲûȫ֡УҲϣܴһ𡣡
㺦ҳеܵģ㺦ˣĻдʹ£ſ¡
ʲôûˣҲһߡҹɫЩʵĴˣһƷ磬ߵʱҲһġ
ˮ׵ļϡһΣοһеıࡣ
֪Ϊʲôζ𣿡ĸϵרеζ˵ζǱϲѡеˡҵĸı֮ģʥ̻¥޽ǿȢҵĸܺң޵αװҾȻ
Ҿˣһѧúܹԣұ˶Ҫ˶ҪǿǲϲңҾһˤӣʵװģֻ࿴һۡ

ÿιҩֵʱ⣬ΪֻǸʱóҺҩҾǰҵģϾΨһĺӡ
Ҳ֪ЩǶҩֻҩóٻԲˡ棬ʵ֪ˡ
ֻƭԼˡÿκҩҵ嶼ʹһӡ
ʵӦñġҾͿԶƭԼˡ
ʱ򣬸Ϊı汻նڻ¡ǰգҴشʦһѧе񣬴͸
ֱ죬һܼǵȴƿʱ⣬ɫģܴۡڲαװˡ
ڣ֡⡹ڿǰһգټҡеĳæҹһҩʲôҲܸ˵
Ҹûл˵峿Ҳʹڣʬ壬ΨһһĴҵˣĵͷ­̱ˣĶϲһѳ˼롣
ȥʳǾ¥գǵһ˸Ҽвˣ˫ȴԶشϡ
ҸŹڵ˻ججӳ˻ʹܻڵĶȫˣϤףˮȾѪɫĸʬ屻ˮ͡˵ɱڵСҲһյܴͣ͵ĺˡ
ҶεյĳôֻĵҸǻûʾǰӳ˻ʳǣ£ֱһλϸңȴ˸ɱ֮
ʱΪһʵ۲ͰֵӹɵġҺһȥΨһ𡣿ɵڶ꣬ȻˣҶĺ޴Уת˶ĺޣԴɽĺޡ
ֻ𣿡
Һ޵˶ȥˣҺ˾˽ҹڵﲻ꣬ҺҵĸֻҴҼʮ棬һҵĸΪβңΪƭԸƭҡ

磬ҲˣҺۡ
쳣ǰδеƣ
᲻ͣصļϣʪļ硣ȴǹ̵ģ̳һһӡ
һеĹнȫģĿĿİģ飬һ㡣
ذοһޣɬˮȵ档
ֱ޵ˣҲ׵ˣ˯ȥ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


119
ս֣صسŵš
ڶսʱ, ˹
ϣĿתؿ
һ㴰͸紵΢΢ڶµĿ, ĹӰ
, Ļ硣
ƤЩ, ˫ִս
һִδйİĵĸоڿԺޱһˡ
𣿡ָϵ˺, ȴ֪ʵĲֹϵ˿ڣ
ҡҡͷĵ¶˵Цݣи, ܡ
ҸҩͷȡҩСظ
Ƭ̺, £֣, 羵ֻʱǣʥ̵µʯİƷ¾ҲԶֹЩ
ڵģպͻ
šͻޣȴһ㹻ʱ䡣Ҫǣ¾޵ĻеʦӦñ羵Χĳط, ǻʳеĻеʦ, һʱûкʵѡ
ʳڻȷʵûˣطһСҵ游һչŵ, , һᾡæ
´һȥһ, ҵŴæҵЩˡȻٻ͸صĻеʦF, ·, Ƕ䶥ĻеʦӦٵʱ졣
ʱ䣬羵ú¾޹ǣһᾡӡĻᶨ
磬˵òᣬ㷢˹սҲϳ
ԼϳԸ𣿡۾Һʲôأµ㻹Ҫҷֱ˴𣿡
§ס磬ֻ㡣
鲻Ըɿ
ƿ˽һţӣһλҶĵ㵽ڳǵЪ¥ۡ
һۣؾ쵽ʲô
ȳȥɡ
˳ȥ
Ƿţȷʵּ
ֻЩԾӻ
šԽFңΪηҪȥڳ
ĲֹһˡڳŵڴдʿŲ飬羵˺ѻF֮С
Ǿ֣ҸҪȥһˡ
磬һȥ
šûоܾ
ȻͳúԣǹҪ
εദЩʱգѾеúˣ˵ȥ
ãüĲչ˿ؿϡ
ͻͼʡǹŵЦݣķǵڽͽ͡
ôͼʡˡЦһҲ۵ĺô
ؿһۣ˵ʹ
أ˺ˣˡЦ߷
סҵ˫֣͵Һ˵úˣе㲻ɢԲŸڿɡ
ֹͣ˶˳§磬ǵǰ׼ˡ
ҶԼʱǰһУᷲǰǡ
ҶϯȺ򣬿ɫ΢΢˱䡣
磬ҶŬԼùյǵơ
Ϊ˲ɣҶԼȶƱȥ
һ¶ǣҶĵϳ˶ЩΣûʲô仯
Ҳյȥ
ʱҶһͷԵϣҲ˹ȥ
ԶϯϳԲ˵ľƿѸ¥
Ƭ̺󣬹Ʋ˾¥˵ǰֱ£ȷǻԲѺŷǶᣬ˵ʧ档
ǰ֪£˵ҵٹҪ֪˴£̤ƽFǣһٲµ
˲ΪصˡһԵӷе
мһˣ羵ʲôֵý飬ҪΪĻʦκ˶ƽⲻ˵ĺ¾ޡ羵ʱֻµһܡ
ˣ˸δãһָָҶĵ
ѾˣҲɱͰɡ
ǡ

һ͵ɽȼʻҹʱͣǰɱֽϵ˰
⴩ŹУ˻Ǯ߰ɣǵңȥ
ɱӦӹȥˡ
Ի˹ȥҩЧ㹻ϸʮ£ƫƫģҪɱֿǡⲻװ˷˵Ƕáǣҡͷ̾
С㣬Ȼһ
ôԶˣ˭õ

ĴŹȥɱֵĽŲԾطЩ߽ľƺЩԡ
һȲɱϧһ̫졣źĽƺֻڳҹһ˲δӦоһʧȥʶͬʱһĻߴ͸һ˵ĺ䡣
Լϵ·ϡ
ҹɫãžȼеĻѡӳΧһУǰľ㵹бڵϣԺ̮ĺǽɢصשˮѿݽߣĻҡ
ʱգɲԣҴγֹĳ־ʹĸԴ
紵ŻϵĻ磬һζţ΢ĻǱŽ
ٲգҪˡഫϤһ˫ֱָϣס֣ȴߴ٣·ڵȴԼһ
ϵ⽥ɢֹͣ˲ǰһвô¡ȼһҹ
һУȴ쳣ů
磬ҲѹͲҵļҡӽڵĵطҵļҡ
ս֣صسŵš
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


120
ĺɫһ磬ҵˡ
պ, FǵĳϹ˰ᦣѶǡ
羵ľڣԶ
, λҶҶӪ, ˵á
߰ɡÿЦ, Լ֮ѡǰߣȻֻæ, ûӦʲô
ǡ˳ȥ
羵ȻҲСϣʵǱϢ𣿡
ǰұǰƴ˿ڻ·ϡ
˵, ⴫Ϣһ˼Ҵҵؽ, 
ǰȥŵԽУξƽ
˶½µ˳ףӦǱ, Ѻ͸̡ұϵ졣ֻҪȴЩʱա
ȼյҲ޷ǰĕFս۸չҲвٵˣóô˻һ󡣡羵¶ЩʵЦݣԭһ㶯ñʣĺ¾޼ǡ, Ҳûз, ȱһǸʮþ, ܱս
˵,ϯȸˡ
ƽŹ뿪˾, ѹ²պԿ𣿶, ĿǰΨһһȽ˽¾޵ˡ
˼羵ʡ
ƽĨĨ, ˸ɱĶ
ص˷ڣ̯¾Ļͼֽ¾øһģĳֻԼԲٿء߲䵽ͼֽϸּܵôϤ
ʦ𣬡૵ϧ㾫ƽôãΪá
һμʱ򣬾Ϳ͸۾ɵģֻԼʱԵø峺Щ˲
ϸ뿪Ӧһ֪Լ羵ġ
ؿαϣҲҪȥĦ˼ҲڻԶԶʤԼԵңɼ
̾˿˵Ȼǿ顣
ǯ³߶ǰĺ¾ʵʩ죬һԻװá
ûаԼԤĲ迪ģʽĺ¾ޣͻᱻʱ齨Իװͬһݻ١
װһʱǰɫһ
ȥ̨ƣһӰȻһδһѱĴ̵Ĳӡ
˭ȻôӪصء꣬Ȼʶʲô¾޻ûȫ깤ڸ죬ǲɱҡܡ
û˵꣬㱻һĿӣѪӿ
һ𣺡¾ãѾˡ
˿۹ָָķ򣬶Ÿո̤ڵʿĺ¾Ҳһ߰ɣĿ
ϹżЦݣ̤ʵѪ˳ȥ
FڣľѾѡΡھףظĻеʦͻޡ
ںս
羵һʱ̲ٶȽFǡΡ
ҪǹFǰȹǣֲѿڵ
¾©ƶٶȵĻĽٶһװǿΪеĲɲݣƶٶȽòϵˮƽЩһսĻޡһרԸ¾޵Զޣһŵз͵ٻޡ
˴ս֧Ӻͬս̯ǵͼһ֧ӴƺףٻޡֻСɣеĳƶΪٶȺͱĿ޴ĳҺ¾޵кǾӵͣ¾޼лط
ĵڶ֧ӲԶ޹¾ޡ
¾޵㡣Ѳ
ûõǾĸģ˷ʴԼǿĲʶڲпաʱ¾޵λǿײʹ¾޳ױϡ
ǻײ飬ڲĸʴҺӶ¾޵ĻŦƬ̺¾޾ͻʧȥ
˵Ҫѡ似ϳ˵Ľʿвݡ
ţǰĺ¾ޱһ֣羵µʿһĵشŻˡʱҪǵĵ֧ӳȦڵĸͨҪⲿʼͬʱþͻеѡһ֧ͻΧӴԾֲռڵͨҪʵжԵ
ҶȽо飬ѡóĹ֡ڵ
оҲٴССսΡҴһ֧ͻΧ
Һǰڱ߹ؾսԾͻеĲݱȽϤ֧ͻΧӾͽǡ
飬Ӧš
ѵİȫսȽϿսʵԼѸߣȷʵʮþȡ
Ͻʹָսɡѵ
ѸмϳһΪ
˳ӪʣҲ
ȥĳ𣿡ʡ
šӦȻһѣθС
һѷסôˣ
ûʲôӦǽûϢáģ
ļ磬ۿɼɫò԰һԵĽʿȥоҽ
˵Ҳ˲ΧнʿڣӪʡ
㵱ʱԵĻĶطˣŵϣɫǵ
ڻܵĶ̫࣬żǻᷢģ㲻صġ
˽ڵĵѹѹһ亹
Щ޲ߣֵ̿عڵϣӵµĲϳϳβá
Ļش𲢲⣬侲ȿЩҩסЩʱտ𣿡
ţţáǴ˲ϵĺӦ˳ȥ
ҪȥɽҰٲˣ֣˵ѾƽĽڲزסģ֧ͻΧӿԽе졣
磬߲ȥġ뿪Fǲ֪ж羵߶ǣһ֪ûһ֪թ̶ԕFǷʱһжˡ۾磬ûµġ
˵û¡ᣬȴڼѹĳ
硣εؿû¡
Ӧҡɳƣʲô¶֡
ҹҷ㻳װŶҩǸҩƿǿյģǲǡ
һץֽ͵Ҳǹ㣬ֻǵʱӣº֦ڡ
һɵģЩ졣
￩һ£һмйҵȴɵЩ޴롣
˶٣ָᴥ۽ǣҪѹ˺𣿡
ûйĻӦ
§磬Ҵˡ
һУòſڵѹֺγûֻûʧĿֻţ±̫Ū㣬±òʧȥ㡣
ĺɫһ磬ҵˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


121
ĥû취С˸ǣ𣿡
Ժʲôˡ֣ص, ұ֤
̾˿״ôҲ, ͷȥǵĻеɡ
šġֻʱԳĹ
εҴҴı, ɫִؿԼ, ̲סһ£ȥҩ
ҩɫָһЩ, оڴǰоڵĸͨҪ
ѡͻΧӵĽʿʱʱص, δ˯ͷĵѿȼ
ɵü, Ծؽͼֺõ, ҵ˯Ⱥþˡ
֣˵ϣû˻Ρ
硣
һҲٺ׷ʲô§˯ɡ
ȥպ, ޶ѼӼ˳ǵʱ˵ʮ, нʿʮֵľš
ʮ죬ߵĻ˺һ, ǳڻǳⶼһƬãã, ˿
ڵʮƽ, ӦıֳٳûϢ, ս»Զ, ұɢЩ
һҹʿŹǷӳǽȥԵڽѻԵ۵ĻˣעʮܾͻеƲ㴩˳ڡ
ֱȥͬĽͨҪɾؽǱפصʿͻΧӵĽʿ;ѡ־⼸յĲҲоյռ˸ڵͨҪ
ûãǽϵսı羵µʿ˳еĺ¾޶սս˽ơ
˼˳ڵĻսսʱŽĻ羵µֳ࣬һŲֻʶӡ
Ѵʤ׷ڵ챻۵ڽ£ûһƬ֮С
羵ԽУξƽڻӳӪͨʿĻףĴҴңĨĳͷҲץˡ
ǵĵϵɢҵı羵ܵĿĿİòײӵΨһİš
мӪӳΪԱʱ֮衣羵һӪڻ˸ɾĻװһĽǮƣ˹ڷ
ڣһۣۣЦ첻ңӳǣұضɽ㾫ıôãɱҡ
۲ΰԣ񲻹һʱʧ⡣ԽУξƽ˳羵Ļ
羵ƽһ½Ҫ߳ӪʣƳһԸŻҲĺ¾ޡ
ôһֻòõģ羵
ǹǰһֻޣʱ˵Ĵæʱˡƽ
ģ񲻸һɱ羵ǸֳһĨЦݣҵĺֶұƵֵزǰҲһݴ񡣡
羵ƿҲְ¾·ƶء
ûʲôӦ羵״ֿ˼£Ϊֻޱ˵ʱ򣬻޺Ȼֲĺеǯ͵ؼס羵˫ۣ߸߾
羵ƽ
ƽæҵȥұպϿأϧѾˡ¾õд̴羵壬޵Ҳ֮ȼ˻棬һ죬ױˡ
ƽؿһУ־˳⣬δ߼һԼĺǰ
Ѹ˵أһԵĽʿڲ鿴״ӵ£һʬ壬ŻѾյϲòˡ
ƽɫЩҰף¡
ȥס֣ˡ
š֪ԼӰ羵ϾԼĻ ûʲô飬ѪֶǿڹģٻǻܵӰ졣
ҲѲ񵱳ǰִ羵ûдñĿС羵Ѷƽ
طˡ
۲ۣʲôʡ
ġǵؿϡ
ġ̫óԡ
ûϵʲôҶԡ
ȥϢһᣬȻҽ㡣
뿴Ÿץֲţ
ôô˰̲סЦˣһ£һǾҪȥɽˣ㻹ȥϢɡ
ðɡʲԸӦּۻ۵Ǹһ¡
ĥû취С˸ǣ𣿡
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


122
֪Ӽݣιҡ
Ȼǲ, òŴȵŵʱ򣬳ѾԵòôҪˡ
˵ʲôóԡ߳Ա߿ǫ飬˿Цá
ļնҪ·;, ˯ˡ
ʱᷲ˾ȳһֱʥڵİ, ĵ׾Լ˴, һʱյϢFʱѾȥɽˡ
ӦòǲҰɡʱ̻̲
ӵֻ岻, ϲضġ»ץػʳǰѾȶɡ
šʱ¶˾ģһҪغýɽѻλȣĲ𣿡
, ϻġ
šʱüŬЩ, Լʰоˡ
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һߣѴɽϡ
ٲ̾ҡҡͷڶѻ̫඾, һһϦܻ⡣Σշܲһ
ͶԼ״˽⣬Ļе⣬ֱʾġ
Ҵȸʩ롣ٲ˵, Ȼһס, ܽڵĶرƳǾްˡ
šӦĵȻǣԽǹؼʱԽ豣侲
ٲһŵҩ, , һ, ֻϮ, ܿۡ
ڵĶ, ٲ˶ѸٵסĸѨλʼʩ롣
סʱƤӿĺȥ
ٲ˼״οѹ޴󰭣ӴԺ²ܰٶˣȳ΢Щ
šӦһϵĺˮ˳ǵڵϣ֣Ŀ⵭ȴǡ
þҪϲˡٲ˵Цһϳ
Եؿһۡ
ϲʲôʱ찡ٲЦϹͷҲ²ɽˣܵүүѺˡ
ѵ¶־ִȷ
յʱѾɹˣִүүҽеģһѹġٲΪڵĲ飬ο
ִүүȻ㡣εЦЦֻһүүһû˵ݣʱǻȻǴүҵġ
㵣ǲͬ⽫޵
ϵĴ㶼ûͱǺˡ
ֻЦ黹Ǻ󻰣ҵǲ̫ͬ⡣
ݵ˼ңȴΪ࿪ңǲг裬ȴҪȢ޻С檴ڽӴ
ոȢһС𡣡ٲ˵
ҲͬġǳҵֻҵģҲͱϴһҲС
㿴ȴҪ˽˹ٲ˿ֲ´εؿһۡ
ֱպ˹ǴӹŹһ⣬ֻ¶˲١
ԵĻϵζúܵܵѾҪľƷڣֻо뼫ŵϾҲдЧ
Լ󣬵Ц磬Һܿġڿһˡ
šϧ§ʵʲôζֻҪϵģҶϲ
ٲߵſڵ͵͵ؿһ
ջֶ
һģʵȤٲɽͷģ㰮Լҵӣÿܻ᲻ʱ˵س֣ŪЦá
ɽϺһµҩ˲ɽ
ɽ¹ƵʳǸϡʱֵĩظոշȣⴺ;ʱʱлһ΢˳һĴ복ڡ
ϸõ²裬ƮЩ㡣
δɽ鷭ҳ
ȴ£ʲô㣿
ʲô㣿룬Ц۵õȶһ³֣Ȼɽˮңȥ
ػʳǺ㶨ȻᱻΪ
Ҹѡ⡣
šʱ᲻ѡʲô뷨˶٣żɽԸ¼𣿡
һڲûȥǺͿ
ЦûϸǴͻ𣿡
ûûϴͻе㲻ʵʣδЩѡ
кѡЦ
ȷʵѣ˹Уŷõܶݼûеߡĳʱ޲ðѻλϡ
磬ôд𣿡ʱ鷿ڵǰţһԵĺԺԺʿʥּ
ʱϵдãش¼ޡ
̴úܺãϧʱõ̫ܲΪֺδһ硹ʥָּĿһ顣
ָָ桸¼ޡҪһġ
ʱƲؿ
ģʱ󿪿ڡ
Ȼǲĵġ
һۣ˶٣ġ
˶Ǿ֮ˣֻǰһֱæڴ¶ˣʼûڴһòĬ¹ϵ
˭ҲԸλûȴĬظһдãΪԵд岻塣
ԺԺʿⶨʥּһõæ˸ǣΨ䶯
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˲£˾ļԱ֪٣ɽƽᣬвʳɵ¼¶¸ԾԭסʦһϵǮɫױӱ
һʱѣµҲ˸顣
FһսܷΪ޽Ϊһ۹͡ʥͱձΪֱ̣һս󣬲аͬڣ˽а˵硵һɡ
СС˺ü£ڵʱӦʱ˸𱬵Ϣ
ͻˡ
Բ˵һֱǽеķԕFһսһսһڳϵֶ޲˰ݷ
˶һĺɫҲ˵δйӱͻ飬УҲ϶ϲֵǡ
һʱȫµǵİ𡣰鵹ûж٣޺ͳŵö˵ϸҹϢġ
ִ߽ʱڴµɾû۳Ȼ
죬ʳһСľ¥ˡһλϯţþûв廰Ȼһˣ̾ԭˡ
˷׷ĸ߼
ҲӣʥϵⲽµǸ룬Ϊһ˵ú󻹽ɽɣҶӡôһǰøսʥְ̣һ¾ͽ󻼡ҪǷչȥʥϵĻλðȣ
ʥϲŽǶ˴ͻ顣һλƿͺܿͶе˼һǶ˱ûáһɽݶδͻ鶨ԹһԴǵ
˷׷Ӧֻͣһʿˮǵʥϻô֣췴𣿡
ⲻһʱû췴ôǰƿ͵²ǻû췴ǰѾˡ
˵˭Ƚ
⻹˵ָͷûƸ첲ñж˰ɡ
ɲһһԵ˵մ¥죬Ȳز廰ˣݽС˵ɽһ̣һذ
Ÿλż䣬Сһǳڹ̨ǰ˶٣һ崺衣
磬ʲôƣ
ſһ̳͹ˡ˲δȬܺȡ
硣Գ˳½ǡ
ס֣Ҳûá
һ޹⡣µһ֣ɾ˵ı²ɽ¶ˮܺѷ֣˵ʱ˵ǿ졭
磬ҪԵʲôˣ
СǷŲȾƣڳʳ涼˳ûʲôɿڣ㿴ŵ㣬ʲôԡ
أôˣ˼ȵ׷ʵ˭Ӯˡ
˵Ըս
дǻİɡһ϶򲻹˵ô
ϵĳ͸¶ĳ˵ĵ˭֪Ļġ
ҲᣬµĻ̸ȥ
ûͻ鶼ʱһǻ򡣡
Ҫؽüˡ
Ϊβʥּû˵˭޸˭
ʥּĸ˭޸˭ʥּ类˺ˡ
˵˭˭£
˭Ӯඡ
ǻΪǻ°ҿض
һʵͦ۵ģ˵òǼֱ
жÿһʵ
ôݣ˵ġ˵Ʈһ£Ȼ䵽˴ߵϡ
˳߿ȥ˼һ˲òһ˻عⲻǡǡ
˲ջߣȴʱʱƳǱߣ۲ǱߵĶ
ҨһͶͶ
˾Ͳ붴ˡ
һԵҲܴɴ಻ȣһ
ҲԣֻؼвˣĪǾǸּĽ
Gˡ
ǵġˣش˳ߡﻹж
Ⲩ׼Ĵɱˡ
Ȼˣƺе޿κΣĪ벻Բߣ׼ƹˤҪһˣ
һֱ˵˲ˣǸ˵ʱɽ¾ǳս¶ϳһ޴ѷ죬ɽ޾ʯϤΪ˷ĩС¥¡

Ե˺Ȼӵܳջһɻ
ɻûάֶãЦؿŲԼԵԸҲ˾
粻ϲ𣿡
ϲǴδй飺ֻǾӰ첻á
ûˡ
ЦˣΪʲô߰
֪Ӽݣιҡ
л˵


ᣬŻд˫»֮ҹ󲿷ֵǶǳ
ڹŵв뵱ԣ飩ǵԤա
Ԥİ
޺ɾɾݣһ飬ͬͬյĶ񶾷ڻҡ
Дһ쳾֮⡣ֻ밲ɽ϶ɽٷ
Ȼôɽܻ
콣ϯǧʮҵˮأִ˵ѳ˽ĺ԰
ķڻң콣ϯת飬ȻҾͽ˵Ϊƽء
ͷԼת飬ͷϲſݲǱϯӣͬŶˡ
ϯӣ
Ŵս󣬽ȥʮ
·սʱһ˫Ѫ۵ס½ǣȡҡ
ϳǴежΪάߵУ޿ɲɡ
°֪֮Ǹϲţýʦ˴ӱ̵̽ô
Ȼùü΢ƽʱѧֶ𣿡ڵһ˼»£
׫дѩ򽣷Уֻһ飬ǵÿϸ
ɽиˣῶִ󷽣һż˵ľա֮ʮȪ
ȫĴжˣֻбķ긴һ꣬ոһյعҲ硣
˼˼еĿоһƽԵõġ
ᷭ˼ϣɢֽţֽĨĲӡ
˼⣺᣺ʲô
ɾܣᣩxƫִ鷴ɹ˼⣩


123 һ

ŨŨ, һɽС·ϣһʻ·
ڵװЩԹȴڵñ, Ҷ, еζ
ôƿ;·;, ת
˿轵»¿, ૵е㡣
ֻǿЦģΪĽ, §ʲôôϲ, ҵﲻ᲻ϲġ
š͵͵Ӧ״ƹɵؿĻ粻͸¶Щ𣿡
Ʃ磿ʡ
Ʃ粮ĸϲʲôʲô, ʲôȽϸȤ
ĻﲻЦϰ׼ǶԴ
Ц֪Сʲô𣿾Ŵס
Ĳ벻ֹȴ͸ʯʶϪˮ
˻Щˡ΢, СƬ, ת㵽
ӳӳһĸߴ¥, ɫ۰ƬƬԶǰʮ, ʮԺվŽ׵, 뻮һķΡ
ĸۡҵ¡٩˾䡣
εЦЦ, ǣȥ
үүá

ʺ, ʱҲܹӵصĴûֳʲôӦ
үˡһŷ۵Ѿ˷ܵ˹ҪתƳһԵ֣Цٷ˺á

ûסЦˣûЦ̫ЦΪ֡
ūСɣүѾСźϧֻү꣬ү˾ʱͱȥɽˣһŻΡ
Цҵķʰ𣿡
ȻʰˡСǳЦ̵үĴλҲǰ׼ġ
˿ȻһţյҺʰͷˣүٷ˲ɣ
⣬Цõȥˮɡ
СɴһȺѾȥˡ
һٷˣ˳΢΢ü磿
˳Ļ˵û˼תƻȻҵȥǵĽߣ˼ˡ
ðɡӦƺѾ̫£ҲҪһոϾҲҰ常ȥסա
šȻܾ
һƬԡأѾڳڵûˮ˳ȥ
£Уˮû塣
ͷڵЦұ
˳ӣԱסɫķ˿ɢļϣûˮС
оԼ˵㷴Ӧ
ʶƿ־ô˾ЩףϾԼǰ˵ĻЦ
ж̫㡣ԥ˵仰ֺõգϴٰϴ𣿡
ȸϴϴˡָ֣Ƕָ죬˸ǣཻļⷢ
һսᣬǵز˲Ұͷϴ
Ĵ仹ȵĴУǲɱϾڴϣ̫Ӧˮ֮¡
οʱԼҳ֮ʱʵڲ˷
ˮƬ̣侲
ϴ壬Ҳˡ
£ͷԶ˹
δϴͷҲǵһ⡣ЩؽĨͷϣ˴꣬ϸĭ˼ˮϡ
ѵúܰˡ
Ƭ̣ˮȥĭ
ȵϴɺѹ˰ʱ˻ɾ£ȥ
Ժһֱżʱǰ˵Ļ
ĸױΪˣ˾˵⣬ѧҲĸߣλʫˣ书ڽŵΡƽϲ֪αƱ֮ˡ
ףλ㲻Ĵ˼ҵС㣬磬мСŮ̬ڳŵڣ徭˼ѰŮӿ١
ǵϲúص㣬ԵصԼദķʽ
ⳡ쳣˳мڡ̸Ϻ뿪˴ãĳ㹻ദʱ䡣
ĸ̾һӵĸǺ㣬Ǻ񣬲֪ǲҵĴܸо̫ϡһ˿͸˼
ӦúȥľйءȻЩֻۣϣܹϲһֺ̫ñˡֻܾҪԼ㹻ã㹻Ͼ͹ˣȴ֪˾Զϡ
Ϳ͸ˡĵ
š̫಻˵᣺ʵҪǰϣֻҪǰϾ͹ˡ
㶼˵ˣһ˵ʲôءĵ¶ȻЦݡ
ҲһЦǵĶĺϲǺӳÿ㵱껹Ρ
ΪҪȡֻǶҲ֪ҵķˡ
㻹СĴװ˵͵Ц
λ˾Ͷסգúôȥ䡣Ȼ˼ңͲҪĺģȻҴҵ󣬿ûȢС檵Ĵͳ
ͷİɣǶһǸһһġʵǳ׵Ƕ³ɣ
ЦЦţûĻ
̫ˡһƣպùҰǵĻ뵱ҸС¶ô
ǰǼͷɵ£ϵЦݵ֣ԴźѾиʳǵĽ·ˡ
ĻعζЦ˵ļͱˡ
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û̫ãͳȥˡ
ڳԵͤؿˮи㣬¶˸ΪõЦݡ
鲻Խץ֣ߣȥǹ䡣
Ļǡĸڣﶼ˸ɫĻֱŨŨڵգҲȣļ紺ĸо
ǻǵز֮һŴ׺ɻ⣬΢˵㣬СʱȽϰԡ򿪣ݵߣ
ţ͸һ𡣡һ£óԡ
Ļ̫һ̵ġ
Цúࣺðɣ̵ġ
ˣһǷɿһ£Ҳܺóԡ
εս֣ȥԸóԵġ
һƬһƬɿȥϵӳڻӰ͹Ӱ֮УѤöҫۣ˻СһõյΡ
źǴ㣬ݽлߣ
һ·ԵŶˡ
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124 
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˼˰죬ǵЦɬҲգҲա
Կ״ϵĽͶ¯֮Уֺοִţĺң
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Ǻʥ̵һһ𵽵ģFһս󣬽϶ʥ̵Ľڲٱôĵ⣬Ҳ湦򣬺ƽദƬ̡
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125 
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126 
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Ͻұѹ, ˼ȥũĵǼǡũҵҲ½չٲʱǰƫԶģ
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