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ֻķֻһݻͻݵĶߡ
û뵽δÿ˴ţһſмСǹСùúСܻؼҡ
һ߸ףӢˬıǣķֻĿɿڴ
ˣĹ̽ӹָıӵС
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ǸṷӲ֪úǫɶĻ첻ߣճǲŵȻ˭֪һмСӣӴڸа·ֿ񱼣ĸԸȫ淢չ
ϧСֻ˾޴ŵĴĿį룬۸λ˻ӹܵĵһֵܣٵǱ
ڶֵսսյһʥּһ˼¡

Ķ˵
լǸƲĻ⣬ǣñȻ٣Ȩı϶üϡǸӻ⡣
Խܿգȣ硣
1v1˴Ψһ
ո

ݱǩ ǿǿ ͢ ƾ ֮
ؼ֣ǣ裨裩  ǣ  
һ仰飺ǣ׽Ļᣡ
⣺壬̫ƽ

Ʒ
Ǹޣյô죿ֱȰ˵ĸ׺룬ͬʱѼ֤ݣҪеĲҵеԼգֱӿֵظĸͶȻ֮ǰʶ˴˼߻棬Ϊ֪һ档˱˴ֽ֪¶ʮĹ˽ö֮Է
ڵ崣Ц㲢棬ǻǴΪӪڶթбΪΪĳ֮ģ˾塣


1 
Ѿ붬ˣŴڣǺʱ
һëѩվһƬװعڵҲӭ˶ݵļž·еӨ״ѩڸǡ
ϾĴʵ̫סˣֻϼţ̱ȾǺİࡣ
͸Ƶ񻨵Ĵ񣬿ԺѾ۵Ļȶߣһ·ѩСܹͥԺһĿŢĽӡ
ˣˣүģĽ˽ӻˣ
ǺĶգƵĶͷȴܳһϸϸĺ˲òãֻǺ۾źˣ
һĴһůУڴ齱ߣʶ˵紵Ŵ֮ˡ
ŵһλ꣬ü۰ȻòݼΪƣֻƺħɫ԰׽͸羫Ĵޡ
ֶҩ߳һƵģüǳʲôҲſվվȥȥСĴү
ǣǡСһѵίֻǿźˣСūżˣֹ
ü΢΢һǿַ·һ£ϸϸۡ
ֿᣬݸѵˣС̡
˻عδֻǽӹ룬һһСڴҩ֭
µ۽µĶ׹Ķڶѩݵ͸б˭˲̾һ䣺续ֻü壬òɢ۲ѡ
ƱȥϢѾҶͷֶ߽һۣ׷¶ǡ
յˣô죬źүǶĸţ
ǽǴĶͻĶȥͬ룡۾һŭݣʲô˵үֱˣүأȻӭˣ⽫˺үںεأ
˵Ƿ㣬صҶҲһ
Ȼȴ۾Ϳ͵Ȳˡ
ˡµźҵ飬ɵ۾һᡣ
۴˳ǣļŮӲ̾˵أͬΪŮӣС檶ʱȴɷȫȫ۰;ء
ݲԶǧӱ߹ؼ޵ǣҲΪյˣ޶Žͷϡ
ʵأȴ͵͵ʮңȻиԭһ˽ӣ
Žȴɵһڹ˲ǵЦ
Ǽٵģٵġˮ߲סһһεҩ롣
һƣӴˣֻʣ塣
۾ʪ죬ҧūھȥסǣҾͲǷֲͬ⣬үѵǵǱķŮ𣿡
ѾǷ֮ŮˣǰѹٸԭְܵأλпǰҶ
ʱӣǿӲΣҾңǸ¼ӣĶԶǸ֣ҪһӴǣ̧ͷҪ֣Σ
ҶҲ룬ֻΪ侲ݵˣʵϽŻΣū˼õĸ˵ү˼Ҫڿã˽ڣ
ʲôɴ۾
æʵ˿֪
˱۾Ȼ󻺻صͷ
֪ĵգСģǸΣһڲȴ޿κεǰֺ壬̧֣ȫ棬ķûڣ˿Ц
Цʼٸ־˭
һǸ棬Ŀڵʹ͸Ӽ尾̣ҲһһĶġ
ֻգӲΪϢͻȻ񻯣Ͼ˼Щ
Ȼû뵽Ȼ˷꣬˵ִ⽫ӭš
һж˵ķ˼̶̲һµʱһߵǸôİֿ¡
ʵ̫ˣ̫۸ˣԽԽؿڴһת㳯ſڱȥܲ˵زȽѩУҪȥˡ
㡭Ҷһû˺סüתͷź˵⡭ūҲȥɡ
ûлشָҶʹһɫ߱ǷǷҲ׷˳ȥ
ֱѾߵӰ뿪ֲŵǵˣ˵ס𣿡
ݻҡͷ£ڴ߶˵ǺѧʺãϤ࣬³һԣſ
һ⡭
Ѿ
Сͷಡ齣̥ëҩ֣ζ鿼ȡǹλǰҲûǸ
뵽︡ʪ⣺ҪԽţԽһУҸѿˡ
ݵһֱּ۲ѣôѾͷȥ
ݲȻһЦĿڴϵϣһ˿Թһ˿ߣֻ뿴Һ﾿ʣٷߣ֪и֮ı塣
ҩѾˣϵʪ⣬ʾַ俿ԼĻƣöӿøЩȻԵ˸֪޾ȴСġ
ֶҩյߣҨСĵͽһһιȥֻ޷ʵˣҩȻִŴ
ּӵţȻҩ֭Ⱦĳ̶ȣ֪ûιȥˣˣ⡭үãƺԽԽˣ
һǿ򶨵ȥ̫ҽһˣ죡
ǡ
ȥˣ˽ӹҩιŷ裺ѽҩܺˣӦҪ꣬ѽҩ
˵͵͵Уǹִǿ˿Ĵȴ޿κε赲ҩ֭أ½ʹ̣һƬǽ塣
ֻʱѵһз죬ȴҲιȥֱӱŶѹֵؿ
ֻˡβȥ
αѵԣ꣬ںֻΨһĶӣ񻯲ʹ飬Ҳǿȥ޷סǹŨŨԹޡ
Ȼ˭뵽ĹӸ죬Ѿһغˡ˿δϾȴΪһĨ»ؽ塣
ӴַӵļƬϳԺججκηӦȻҲѲ
Ǻڶߵİ·һͻϣסģҵļһ˼ܹ
Ǽŵ㣬ȴǼĸ׵ζ
̧֣һλĸףȻ˿ȫԶƸƤһ˶첻޴Ӱο
ʵ̫ˣ
ǿ»ƺעµںϻָţٹ۾
ֻǲ֪ΪΣŮӵĿĿڲɵطᣬȴ˹
֮䣬ԭķغһ
ʱһе
ˣҶûסүǡǶĸˡǰȥſڲ鿴СѾߣеػţ˵Ҫݼ
һѿڶô죿
ǱŷҲֹ
СѾߴſǻˣλ㲻յſڣͽ˶ס죬ڵĻᶼûУ
ӵˣһүĺˣ˵ô
Ժ·׷ݣ߱Ŷӣؿſڵķǿ޺۾ڱŷŨҵĺ⣬ҧгݵãǺãĳɣеĻҪ塭֣
ˡ
Сĵؽӷ£Ż޽ĿΧһɨʵҵĽأ
һҪʲô
ûлشֻһηԸҵĽȡ
ֽűڷݵĲԾæȰˣүӣûĽ侲һЩ
ģԣԺվȴƹͷ֮󣬼Ǹδùĺӧ.ǹһֱ̧кᣬ͸žҧ˵ʶ˲ᣬɵŽɱôꡣϹң³áǡ
ס.ǹһ˲ƾͱˣüĿкһգվǹ۾꣬ȴճضâ
ȴ۵ҵĿѡ۵ױŷǿҵĺޣ֮⣬ȥˣǾ˭Ҳù
ֿǹſڣеһնз׼ļƣʱдŴϵͨһ£үūɡ
Ժ̻ź˺ʯٵԶȥֳ˿ޣֻʣʱ򣬴ȴͻȻһĿ
·ǴȴֹһΧǿһһأֱɳƵɤӻţ
ô΢ȴһĹ⣬˲ɢͷơ


2 
豻СĵطһϣĿܵİһһ
ںϼƬʱȻ֪ԼΪһŴү˽ʬֲѧ飬Ϊں£Ϊ彨שߵķܶ꣬軹Ǿò˼顣
ڸӵ񻨵ĴͣͣƵԶһźľԲϣΧĽԲʣŴǲյɲյ̧Ŀ͸ͷĺܿƬľ龡
жʱأָʶĦű棬ĵ伪ĶʵУ˴һж˹ɫζ˹װ磬ʱҲҵĵطˡ
˫֣ͷ۾ɵֲݣԭСһȦȫİһ˫֣
ĴԽˣ
һʱͷԷȾһˣȴԼһȻ󴩵˹Ŵ⾿үڿһ£ϧԼͷأ
ûֻûյûWifiûͰô
ݼѹһ㶣ƻУ㲻Ҷԣֱ¶ҩſڵҩ˰ɡ
÷عߴƵǰϣ׹٣һ֧βҡǴӻ߳ĹˡȻ迴λ˵ݣȴͻȻסˣ۾һᣬѿڶһ衭
ݵĳ뷽ĸ׾ȻΪơ
΢΢һ㶣ƺû壬Цʣ˵ʲô
һڣ֪ⲢͬһˣȻ񣬵ϸʵǣǰķ˸òüҲӸɾ䣬۰ȴһġ
֪ΪΣܵУһᣬºһ
ɳƵɤȴš
˾ͺãɵˣüʣΪЦϵЦĵĺƴ֮ʹҲƯˡ
ʢҩ͵ߣߴٵȺ˰ɣι㡣
ҩ֭δζ٣ǱǼᵽζ֪ζжࡰˡݴȰĿ£ΧֺѾڴУ軹ĬĬغȥ
һһڣɬڿӣˣȻƺĸ׵۰УҲÿܣൽ»ܻζһ˿
ȻⳡԽʧȥĸףλʧȥ˶ӣ첻̣λүȥ
ǰķˣ˵ȻˣǴԽ㴩Խɡ
ͬһ֣ڴ˲һ
ƵĿЩ֣ʵǲ岻
ôһ˵Ÿоǧ̲֫סҪ̧֣ҲЩѣôˡ
˵үģͻزˡ
ֵĻԺƬէȻ֡
һԲֵ꼱ææܽȥһ£ֽŶһͬȻӿǰһڡ
ϷŻ˯֮ʱϡĻܿʹȥʱ˳ǡ
ԭ̥ͷôҩݴģƽʱںŲŲá
ݽľϸӲκ´է׵Сĸײ˵иһ˽ӣʱܲסѪԡ
ʵҲѾˣúķ
еС檻ظŶԣǻС檣ֶûУֻǳ֮Ϊңҷ˸ʸ֤ġ
ü۾续ĸף۴ĸǶȿѵһˣƯţʵⲻ˱˵Ȼ˼͵ȣŶԻƺɻûþͳˡ
Һ˽ô֪еʵ
ſڣСѾʱ棺ˣүѾԺˡ
ѹĺϢƻ˸ɾ򴽣۵ӿһ˿
Ȼһֻ˹̧۾ֻЦЦ˵ʲôӶվߡ
˯գ꣬ǺѪɫӾ͸ݣг˫۾峺͸ӰӰӡ
˲ݾη壬ףģ֪ôزǶԼ㡣
վȻ̧֣ǹҡ
һʱΪѣˡ⡭үˣô裬ɫż
ĿǸͷӧǹϣһۣ裬ɼⲢ֮ãܹ˵ġǹԭʵ̫δǹֱ˵硣
˧
ִˣү˵ʲô
˵ǹģرˬŮ֮硣
ȻĴָ¶ŨŨĳݡ
֣֪ԭԼүΨֲҵӣʱȰŷ˷֧֡
Դһڶӵ£ḧǹмǹ洫ƫǹҲûмҶˣ
ضԷúϢȥȥ
*
ʵ˿ò֪ĳǸѵһӣַţȾ档
ѹֺõֿȵС㿴У䲻ޡ
ǹϵĺ÷ȴһλϸŮ߽󻹸һλʮĿ꣬ںūʹӵ֮һ·ŷԺ
ƺԤϵûô׽ţ֪˭⣬ŷҶѾߴһ֣ǿ׳ūһѽûǿ߳ס졣
һֱڷߣǾƲܳſ˵ģԵĴѾͷܺؽš
еֶΣȻΧֵĴΪԾû뵽Է˰˳˾ĺͺģס˸ˡ
ƽƼңˣյ˵׻
һ˱㳩ͨ赽ԺֱվԺſڣŻ˽ŲϸֳԵԥΣĭԶ˶סүļӣδ¹
ҪˣЩԡ
Ȼһֻֻ֣֮˲ɤӻһɸ硭
תͷŻֲ̿ƺΪ£ɫЩףҲˣĿӿٿ꣬Ҳһ
ʱҡڵбһ¡
ݲζǵĸĸȴҪֵΪסĳǾڸ㡣
ô꣬ĸ⣬ò׻̫ܲίˡ
һ˾棬ܵȥĸͷĪʧ
Ϲ˳صͷɸģ̷ܷˣҡ
ο£ǿ㣬ίЩĪҪִӲʱճ˱Ȼ֪ĺá
΢΢һ٣ŻһЦݣ˵ɸ˵ﻰĴ۷ǴǶӦõģĶʲôίֻҪóɸЩΪѣʲôС
˵ŶԶ֣ĸףҪ˳ʺãһҪأɼסˣ
ҧҧԹԵӦһǣ֮
ˣʱдΪ̲ססϵֵʦѣҲίңǡ
ָס촽۾΢죺ɸ˵Щʲô˼ĸԸģֻҽܹһ𣬿ϢҾͱˡ
ͷϵƽжĵҲΪ룬ˡ
Я߽ԺֻټԺӣſھ͵ȺһСѾߣȴǲӰ
СѾ߿Ҳһ񣬻üһˣүˡ
ϣžͿˡ
ɲǼ䣬Ͼ͸оȫһ£Ҳ̲ס
һӰչֻˣ֮ǰˣӳѩţͷ
дһ˿ֺã϶˶Ȼ󹧾ϥǣҪӳѩ򡭡
ѩ.ǹչ·űĹ⣬ǰӧһ˫˫ֵ۾£һǹǰʯשķ϶С
ǹ.ͷ֣ǹһζɼǶˡ
ɵˣͨһһƨɵڵϣȴ˵Ҳˡ


3 Ϸ
յӦůģǱбڵשϵĺȴ·еֻʣ´̹ǵı䣬ݴ
˿̵ԺſڣۼеˣǶ̽ģǸ˶ڴſһ֡
ǵǿƵĺˣεĿߺЪ˹߳Ͻίȫʾĸݺ裬ݱһѹҵĹѪϷ
ԼҲƣΪݷң棬óª֣תάĸӡ
ϧĺãȴƣǶһǹ˲ĳ룬Ҳĵ
ϾֵصڵϣƲƤ˲ãֻǸζǹ.ˣһĿٵţƺҪɤĳǹǰһ֮أĹ£͡
ţ˶˵һ仰
һȶׯصӰȹɵż㶯ͷϾµĲҡδζɼ˳侲
ݲδŭһɴҷ緶
ʯף鵭ȻǸˡҲ˻Ǳڵصϣߺµصɴ۾ֽŲʹֻȥѿڶţүȡ
䡱һһѰ.ǹ³֣졣
Ƿǹ⣬ֱŵϽɤ³
һͻȻܳ鿴־£Ը¶ųҪһȴһѳڻﶶ˵û£û¡
Ϻפر߽пɱȻ̤˶Էá
ۿؿĿ⣬Ҳһȥ
˲ͷƤ飬ҸһӦ
ֻһ棬̾ûˡ
һȷ˵Ŀس£ʵ
ڴǰůϣŸķŴӣ濴ͥԺýһĻ۵ף޵׵ը꣬裬ơ
ϧȴû˼ֻεؿŷ裬ȰүǰأŸ飬ܲģشȥ
ǹһȥ㲻Ȱֱ˴ŲٴůϣŴ۾һ档
һֵģֺͷۣС᲻زãֻܺٵ˷纮񲻵ýз
ǰҪ˴ӣýзģһֻȴסӣֻͰ͵˵֣ٿһɣҺõѽ
ԭϺòһջ˯ʧˣΪۣ֮£ֹشֱһ١
迴ĿԽֿ֪ңҲô۸ҼʹﲻæҲԿ֣㲻𣿡
ô᲻ģֺ޲ھ͵ȥǷǷ˵һү˺ūǡ
۾һ䣬ЦǾ͸ҹʵһЩɣӾͿһֻҪüУòã
ﵲסȻǾȴã۾鶯еĻãľˣɿڵһִǴˡ
Ѿ¹һѪˣһģ֪Ǹֵġ
Ȼ费۾˵ַģټˡ
ȻȲµԭǿȻԭţͲ⣬ݵ
ȡ¯зůָ֣һܲ͸Ķȫֻ¶һ˫۾ŷ
ĬȫȻ˱ϵĸӣݲɵ¶һ̵Цү
ǿ˳ǣˡņ̧̀˹ʲôлúá
û˵ֱ꣬ӵүˡ
ǸϢúúϢ𣿡ϲ˵ƺܲݷ·𶴲һеĿ⣬ʶƿߣеӿȥ
Ϊݣ㿴򴰻ȴû뵽ڴϵȻſڴ̨ϣ۾ҲڴζЦЦ
Ե÷ǳЦˡ
Ϊ׷ŵ˸ţʱȫһ˵ȥ
ݲɵøŻͷûúõɴϷչԴ֣ʱһǵż캮ضģ־
ֻҪѣȴҲչһЦݣеĲã綬յĳԣһ˿һʱ֮䲻ľʹƻ
ûֵ֣شӶ֣һЦһ߶ĸĴָȫȫֺ֧ʻֹ龫ֵģ˴ֻһۣȥˡ
ѵúɫүģѾȥˣ̫ҽ֮ǰδѣһգ֮¡ͱѻ
νͻڳûһ
Ѿعʱίú۾ү䱰΢һԺãҲ˿ĸͷһͬүƽˡ˵үҲһˡ
ԺãƺһЦȵѵҲôΪԺã
ʱΧЦԺѾЦΪ
ʱ򣬷һ͸֣ЦһɲأԺó˸ôĶӣĪҪʣ
߶ʱԵ꣬Ȼıġ
ýϵ˽ӣ
ɫʱ콻ӣ޲Ҹط꣬ǶˣҪȡȻ֪ʲôܣĳ޷ѡ񣬵˲ô
߷ߵػʹѣߺ޵Ķʻĵȼգҧزûʧ̬
ѵݵѿȻڸݹܲȻ񼴽³ȡǲ꣬ȻӰƿ
ԼĶԼ֪СʴϻۣһϽͬ˸ԣ֮νܲҲûʧտ񲻹ʮ꣬ѧȴȻܹ³ȻӺȡ
ϥסʿɸ磬ǧǱ檵Ĵ޹ģҪȡܵѽˣҪҪǣҪ˺ҵ
Ŷݹһ߿һһͷһ߿޵滨꣬ò˿
ݣ㹻˰ɣڶЦɫףû뵽ͻݵӻԴ˲棬˵£Ժӡ
ָŷ迴ţ˲ɵط߷߲ƽүַˣ
ǼˣˣԲǿʶ⵹һҵıҲǷ켫дıӣֻһ㽫߰˰ˣ˵ҲǷһĴˣ̣ôͲУ
軰ϣݳĳɣ̧ͷĿɲҡȻĳ;ܲסأ
ҭһ£ΧĿĿͷֱģҵ˼ң˭ûӣݣҶѾˣ
͵͵غǺ¶Ȼ˵ı飬õĮ˵ƣ治Ǹ
֣֪Ϊʲô־ǰүˡ
Ȼ˶ԷܣͲٶǷϻһԶĵмŮǵסġҫȴǲУǼβȷ˭
þȲѣΪޣһֱǰ˵ۣȴ֪ҲϬǿƵʱ
Ļбһ£ϸϸۣܵסˣ۾һƬˣҲǲС
£Ͼϲ̧ͷȴݸûֻǱ˵Ȼ檣Ǿӭܼҡ
ˡߵܼæ߳ЦСڡ
ǳȥţһߡ
⡭ܼһΪѣɵ͵͵
ϵЦҲϣҲ
ݣѾˣαضһ٣˴
Ļδ˵꣬ݺȻ̧еĺӧǹɨ˫Ư۾ɱӣһתƽⷬʱŵ
Ҷ߹˫ӧǹһԣ֮ٲ˽Ůˡ
˵СųݺȻԼܿЦ±ͬʱҲۿϡ


4 
ҹһѩͥԺľϵĻװδȻµשѾɨɾʪɺˡ
ϵϥȹѾܿˣһƬǹǿޣϥкüûĺܿ
ϸϸ֮ʱҲԽСͣ΢⿴ưؼ֮£Ʈ¶Ƕķߺޡ
ݳ˳ǣȻʣ֪Ǳָͱĵʼٸ˭
Եˣʼնδһ̬Լŭ뵽һ䣬ͺȵŭңĳɣҪǸˣ֪ʲôܣǾ˵ȥ
¶ѿзŭ㡭
°΢̧ԣá
ڵ˽ŵĵز˶ɴ۾ϸţﰵ²⣬Ǻ˵һѹ磬Ǻүֱͦ嶫ѹ磿
Ǻã
ֿýȻԴݣǱϾǷޣҲԸ⿴Żã˵ˣǻиүҪտʱҪȥȰˡ
УȰһȰ˺ͺү֣ͱǶĸӣ
Ǹ˵꣬СԴҿŰɣҵֽļǿǼֲ˶õġһˣ룬ٶˡ
Ƕֲ֪˼ȴ̲סֵү˵үôǺүĿ֮£档
һ㶣ʱȻ̾ϢΪݲֵҵôû֪֮ԭ
֣÷Ǳˣ˵Ϭ
û˵ǻعͷָ̧ͷЦ֣ŲԼ̨ˡ
ֲš
һЦµһָͷһ
˿̳ȫŭ˶δеˣΪĿ͵͵ڿ
ȻƺŭɶɲеָȴشŪţʮСͲԹɫ᲻֪ʲô
ǿĲڴ֮ͥ°һڣ´ȥЦ
һɬվֳ˳½ǣȰˣүǱ㰴˵Ҫɡ
µڶָͷ
ɶŮһɫƣȴû뵽ĸ׾ҪȰͣ
ǸɵӣΣǿӲݳ̨ףᣬùһѻ
ҲˣôܱסºӰɡ
˲俴򴽣үĪҪΪǷ֣ȻһʳѰģɡ

̨ףɫε᲻̫ίˣ
˲۾Ȼ˵ˡ
ҡҡͷỨƽЦίֻҪүܸ˺ʲôأ
ϵȰ˵£ΪѵЭˣһۣðɣͰ˵ӳѩҲˡ
֣
ʱЦ
һûдǵСϷ
ܼҼˣĶ֪˭ģ̵ͷҴȥȻȴݽסȵȡ
ͣ˽ŲתͷԽˡ
үѣǺĴϲ£˷ȡʮͭǮڴſڷɷȡù·һͬմմϲ
ܼæӦǣֵһ
Ÿʲôû˵Ļ𣿡
ǣûķԸСȥšܼҵͷһ仰ҷ
ݵ˵ͷܼȥˣ˵ڸУ£㣬ظ£˵Ǯ෢һү
һ˭۾˲ˣ˶ʱϲЦտǹ֣Ƕǽǣ׷׳ˡ
лˣү󰲣
˴󷽿ݣү꣡
ү챣ӣ

ϲлǶǼʹ棬ܿͿǶĸһۣһݱˡ
ǰһȥ°ɣ֮²ƽϣҷ˭ŪǷǣְأһֽԸϳ˷
ǡһԴص͵͵ġ
Ҷô˻ˣſڹϱڣúȥȥ
ףɡ˵꣬ת˷ӡ
*
Ժڣ̫ҽѾˣ֮ǰʵеؿⳡ־磬˷ܹеʹһٵģ̧ͷֵ
ﾲĵģһֱ̫ҽ֮ʱݲʵ̫ҽ
̫ҽش𣺡ˣүȻѾˣʱ֮ΣֻĹ࣬ѪϸĪҪ¹ٿһԪ̱ķӣʱá
ԣϵĳݲֻһֱü̫ҽһֱòײеɫȴ֡
̫ҽǸ̫ҽŷЦүǸ֮࣬˵Щ֪øſģúš
л̫ҽ
ҶķıѾã̫ҽ
Ҷź̫ҽǰ俪ҩֱ㽫ַ뱻ϸĵҴãë΢һͷС¹СĵһһۣȻ
֮ǰǿſ֣֪ˣ
ȻҲƼˣǺЦ˿Сģ¶ɤӻǱסˣ
˲ͷƤһ飬ʶϸ˸ǣסߣȻ˫۷ſգʵ˵ͷеΡ
Σ㷽ߴʱ֪ΣֶȰסȻУûбӵװǻƸŪסֵһۣٺһЩǲǻܸˣǹ
賶˳ڨЦüԹ԰ѵҴˡ
ǣ𣿡
ҡͷϸ׵ִӱ̽סݵ䣬ᳶ˳˵ˣӡ
⸱Сֺģһʧˣֻʣϧ
ȻС岻ãӹɣǸֲȰĺӣԣ֪ڵ
̧ḧŶӵ۵״κο㶮£ҲֻһҪúõģʵھסһˣ
ݻգ̴ź¡
⻰ȴ÷һᣬͷҲʹ۵ͷһͻһͻԭϵǿƺδȥ֮ͬ£ֱ
ǡɽʬ꣬ûˣʧȥӵɷıѣС檵ıȸô죿
гأ̧ʪ۾ֱݣᶨһϧԼٵġҲԭԸúñ㡣
ݶʱЦݣοס
һʮƮ㡱ҩһ룬һƼ۾ȥ
ԭСҩݴ󣬴ϰˣɲҲܣһ뵽Ҫ⸱壬вҩ򽻵޿
ҩˡ
ƶӣûŶһЦߴٵʲôЩȡ
˯ˣٺȰɡ
ԣ˯
赱ûˣ
ô꣬ͲϰˣƵʡ
էδӦ뵣ĬĬش
ѹҪǲϣʱҩ֭»Σһ롭
ʱתѣһꡣ
ҨҨι㡣
ԼȡһһڵιǸһĸжһξ͹ˣʵûҪἫ˼
ܼӬüëҩ֭һɶȻ˿ǻСģЦ
͵͵۾дЦĸģ̲סҲǡ
ȻʱСѾƽ棺ˣүˣ˵̽ү


5 
ֻһŵĻЦƱһͼݸеһɿЦ˲䵭ȥü£ͷֻ꣬ڶǰδб¶㵧˵䣬ƽȵڴߵϣû
Ĭߵߣһյ裬ͷСˣǶĸѾСŽū澽ǰҲ͹ȥˣ
δӹյһڡ
˵ߵѾ߳ȥˡ
һ٣˵ȥѧʿ״
ѾĿŵؽ˴ţ¿СͣҲʢ˵ģû뵽ݸǿƣ˺ôľŲ˵ûӲŽν
ϲǸֵģʹ˳ԿȻҪҿɽ
ţǵؿݣ䲻֪ȥ֮ǰֻƬҲ֪ҵݲ򵥡
ݼҡҡͷЦſο¡תͷԸе䣬ȥӵ̿ע⣬Ѭ
Ӧһȥȴսײһ¡
Ӵƹ·Сĵѽûү߸Žĸһ£̲סֵȻδ˵꣬һ̧ͷ񣬶ʱڨЦû졣
ֻȥү˲ģǷߵĿɲܲġ
ƶ˵񶼺ˣҴҾߡ
˲䣬š
ŷǹһٷ̣ɫʱÿˣֻǴ˿Ҳ֪Ƿʱ
ֻǵߵݵߣһȴɴݵڴ߳Բ裬Ƹûһ̬ûУɫͺڵĸһ㡣
ѽ
ĵ׺ǺǣԴ˱ʾϲż֡
˵ǺúзźôҲҪֻðǹһ£ʵ̫ˡ
ҩԭаĳɷ֣һ˯ⶼûУŴ۾ζ
תһȦû˴μˣĸһʹɫŬŬ죬ȷ
ʱһʲôæ̷еЦӭ꺮ů䵭ģ
ﲻζһԥ
һӶˣȴǿӵģֻÿЦֻĿ̲סݣĵɻ﾿һ㣿ƺĸ˳ۡ
ǷۼЦĸ۾ǳ˽ȥͷţҪ˭
Ļĸֱӵ۾콩ԭأȷģҲɹ÷ƹ͡
ЦڰΪڴס˻ᣬתͷͶŷֵģδѧûˣ˵ҲУ
裺գգ۾Ǵǰɣ
ԭΪļƬУΪСʱʵ̫޷ʱϰ֣αϡϡ䡣ݴӲʲôɲŽԶг磬̻ʶĶ֮Ķ˳ŷϲֻԴΪʧ֪ʲôʱ򣬿Ҳ͸һˣɫŲͷѵ롣
ԭУȻо׶ĲϲԸ׽
ֻԭһֱΪԼЩ֮ʱŬϰ֣øϧ
ڷǶĸӣһ˲Ϳˣͽһ
ԭеɱҲԹѧҲ֪ѽ
ԭ֪νѵеŭҪӳͷȴôһ䣬ʱ
ʲôʱ򰲾ĶӾѧˣ
ȣһʱҲûӦ紺СһĶӣÿμѵ벻ĬĬؽܣǻͷֳȻݵضײҴʹ˵ʱ߳ŭ
ʲôĶ˵ˣݷ²յؿٶ飬Ⱥ֮£㾿ʲôģû²˴̽ģ
ɵӣէķܹ׵飬ôͿ
һ˼ˣԭƽ͵ʱκˣֱվһ˫Ŀѽѽгݵɵ޷ҹҫ棬ھΣҲ˵Ѫԣ㾹ģǲǻϣʹѲø˽λ
һʣŷ裬ԭӿдʪ⡣
һǳȷǸҳϣֱ˺
ûе£ôô룿ʶع˹Ҷӣõĵ
ݻڹⷽ⣬ǿ˴˵ĹΣš
ǺӿűС˶٣˵û˼
ûУûУǾǸ⡣ϣЩЪ˹æݣҪô𣿡
˲䣬ݷŭһͣعͷ˷衣
ȴĮ˵һգδ̽ѣǷ׼İҷТ
ֻһ仰ݵޱȿֲ
ٶıڽյȴִӭŽʵ϶ò԰
Ҳ֪ôأͷֱ˵ʵһﶬԴϰˡ
Ҳ¶ԵӺĵʵʶſڿȥžҪŶ
Щ£Ǵӱ߹ضĽ֮Ůһ쭣֪мܲס
ĳɡҹȥҶ֡ǶӵԷ붯֡
ӵĿ£ڶѾӿţһοʶ˵Ǳˣĸɫǲţ׷˳ȥ
ˡֺѾ߿ţδ˵οĻѾ档
ݻһ˫۾ͨ죬ŭģҡ
о仰˵˻ȥĬĬ֣ĸš
飬̫ãҩЧܿЩ۾ԺУݵţ˯ɣ㡣
ˣԹԵ£ֻǿ˵ҲȥϢ
ݺЦͷá
Ƿûк۾ô
ּˣȰˣȥүǲġ
ˣССصͷḧݵü۵ף۽ϲʪȥڵģۡ
ɲǼ䣬òԴҲܾˣġ
æ˵ūŰɣȥЪϢ
ʹˣҲܲסûоܾ
뿪֮ǰֻͷ裬˯ʵ۾Ц⣬ȴּᶨȥɣ£ڣұ
*
ûϢãͻˣʱһԴʱʱ۾ûиǺñӡ
ỺĽŲСԸţ̿㣬ˡ
㡣
һعͷæӭȥˡ
𣿡
ûأүһ˯ûĺܡ
ЦЦŷ񾲵ݣο壬Ỻڴ̲סָ޽Ƿ˿
ԥţջǿڵˣôôͻˣ
˻˯ˣȥɣ
ǵͷūȥүҩÿԺȡ
ס
Ĺ³һ
Ķ˯ţӶǹҸ飬ȻһݱΪıѡʹ飬ȴŰ㲻ϵһĻһĻ룬Щϸ֦ĩҵԵĶߣٻĴ̵ǧٿס
ԸˣɾǿƲסļ£Թޡ
֪ȥǰǹֻǿţһ˲ɱǶԹŮ֪жŭ
ͷһ𾹻֮ȥԼҲĿ
ʶЩûȥ˼룬߳ţǵԼע˶ѪĴԭϲһһۣҲİ
Լˡ
ұݣ߹ضŮģǡ
˯ʣһΣ˾ΥĸףЦǰᣬůҸǣһ΢Цĸᣬһʬ޵Ъ˹꣬ǡԼ
۾ͷʣξʵ֯ţһʱ仹δںδͻȻһૡ
롣
һʶ˭˵ûش𣬱֮˿һһ絶Ҳۣʹ
ݲ֪ѾֻڶѰο壬ڷ˯ͷѹõʹ࣬Ǿ仰ҲδҪõӦ
ûоݣƽţ弴Ӳʱڽֹס˿
Ħ춯ֱϽ۾װ˯֪ģ
һֲֻ˯ҵͷŶͷһʪĴУݶĶͷһǡ


6 
ڶ峿ֶҩѾˣڴϣһ⡣
үѵ磬ɫöˡ
תͷ˿Լʣأ
ڴ񣬵ÿձúúҩЪϢ
ΪĸʵɣֻΪ̯¼ϷԣϾ˼Щճ£һֱѻţѾȥˡ
ڶһʹйݵ磽˿ּ֮ǿվ˵׻ճ·ǾĻǸþ
Ƿȴͷȥ
һ£ү
Ƴҩһַۣƽߣ˼
үȰɣүѾ˷˵ģͱٵˣūž⼸գ࣬ŵѶЩˡ
δ˵꣬־ͼֹһԵؽӹֱʹһ
ȿȡȻʵ̫ȵ̫챻Ǻһ£͸оķζֿҪȥϢС
ָϽ˳ү
һŻ˹̲סʵ֣ҵ廹ܺ𣿡һӺҩҲˣʹŶȥӿô
۵ʵôϸĵѾöˣûôԴģҲ
˵ֲɵŭүǶ죬Ϊʲôͷ
ԭ仭еԲõܡǶӣһСܣԶֿеĶүָĶӣ飬ΪסںûзּңͳΪ
Ŵ󷿹ӣڴ֮ǰҲֻзһӣȻߵúܽƽʱ꺮ů١輫ٳţʱ˵Ȥ£ԺĳͣӲ
ݵ֪Һ˽ӵϢҲգһֱŷ裬ȴû뵽Ǿһ
Թһʷ裺ʳʲô黨ͷС棬Ǽ˿СࣿүбԵģóȥΣûθڣҪһ㡣
գոȴûʲôꤣЩԣС
һЦ𿪣˲ٵģʲôԣҪٺſڣôɴ࣬ǳˡ
ū˶˹үš
һ´԰ɡڴϴ̫ãͷˣʵڲԸȥȻಡҲûܶĵز
ԥһ£ɫкãûȰ裺ū
ԺѾ߽ԸϳʳԼ˴淽贩ѡηȫ˺
֪ӦεˣҲһһΪĸӣ룬һ䣺֣𣿡
ƽһ٣Ծү˵ʲô
˵̫ʹˡ
æŷʣ˻ʱѵţ
ԥһ£ͷ
׷ʣ˿˵ʲô
ˣ޵úģ˵롣
˵꣬ס죬ˮžۻȻʵҾ֪̫࣬ˡүǱˣ۸׾ĶۣȺҲú˰ҵС㣬ء
Ҳܷǰֱ
Թ߽ӣֺ֮ˡ
ĵţֱֹס˿ŵ˵ġ
һ㶣Ϊʲô
̾ϢһȰ££Щɢѣ˲ȻһĶ˵߾أ
룬ͻȻ׹ΪҸ¡
ֲֿЦдΪȴҡͷ˹ûаүֻշү뿪ǺүҲˡ
ÿüأϲ裬ҲŷѪĶңӲ˽档ʹĸعټޣͷɷĺӴҲֻУĸ뿪
ȴƲƲ죬ߣƭ͵ţа취ģӣҲۣǰͲø˽ڳճӵλء
Ȼȴ廹ϸܲ˵ģ
ҧҧ˵ûϵҳԵ˿ࡣһֱÿ쿴űѵɷ򣬲С檣һںڣǸӴģ
үżֱӯһѽ§ڻ۵үϹ۾ĵĺôͲϲأǼļ֣һ֪һǸʲôöүĿ飬Ҫڵġ
Цϲңһϲأ͹ˡֻǣ֣е벻ףҵΪεղŽ˴
ȻںʱȴģȻСʮֱͦӭҽţʵ֡
Ϊղͬա
¶ɻ
ü˵
ʱſѾ棺֣Ѿˡ
һǱ߳Ա˵
СϣѾ˸ʽ㣬ĿǺģ豻˶ʱզ֣ҳԲôࡣ
ܳԶپͳԶ٣ھͺá·ޣһʣµԿ͸ˡ˵˹һŴСŵǰθүȳóñġ
һ֪ãУ˿Ѿû棬һڲŸоһ˿ζ巴ζ١ֱһ¶ǣоָЩǷֽŶů⣬ǼðЩϸ
ܺóԡ
ֿø˼ˣָһ룬Ǽˣһܿġ
ʵûж٣ԭ껼θʵ̫Сڶ벻Ѿˡ
Ҩࣺ֣ڿ˵˰ɣ
һ̾ʵԸЩ´裬λү֣Դ̽˼룬ֻ˵ǼǴѧʿеŮǺүʦ
ѧʿǿǲСĹ٣ŮֱӼ޸ѧʮңô˵ȥ
ʱʲôʣ
Цһү̰֮ְǧһӦ󵳽ǣ
ԭˣҸˣ
ǣѽٻس͢ٸԭְʤǰҧ
ֲӲ֮ŮɴѧʿǧݲͬȻҲûûָŶҲ꣬;衣
ǷòˣȻʵ֣ʲôʱ£
ҼǵǷ˼ںү֮ǰ£ʮ˰ɣʱ˻δүףɺϵؼѡֻ̲ס꣬ǧѡѡһˣүϹۡ
˵ˣӦڱ߹شĮô޸ҵ
ݵңΪ֪У佫ССһֱפڴ˳·ͬʯô˳Уʮ䴦Ժƽľ档
ô󣬷ļƺû
ôƾݵļòʲôῡܼ޲ˣοòȻ֮ˣ
̾һƺЩݣշ߷ߵʲô޷ſε͹߻˵죡


7 
û뵽ȻòЭᣡݣЩ˼顣
ּ࣬ȥЪϢɾˣʵڲԸԴڴůһģ
űˣϻһЩѹס΢΢һӵүҪܿѰɡʵҪү˵棬λүͬ⡣ֻǷִҪޣϺүֲүôȰҲȰˣֻűͬˡ
ʱǸĸ֮ý֮𣿷¶ɻ
ƺ뷨εϺүһӣһСŮ
ǱȻҪǲĳ跨ʾ⣬ֻǡ
ʱͿҵƷˣ
ҡͷū֪ǡϺүҵ̫ίˡ
˵ǺŵڣҲŵԣ
ˣֲɵмʱǶƷŵڣտǣʲôûУϺүܹмҵǷ¾ծ˭֪ǸϹʵ仧λһƽϮҪ֪ڳһ˵ϻĶûУ˭óЦ䣡
ʵ÷⣬Ͼڵڼ԰־۶ȱǮӣҲŹʣǮ㡣

̱任˸ΪԺ˵ǲһϺүǼλүսպյĽȨ˭СƣǻҲŴҵ׺ʵ͸˵ˡ
裺
ֱһһأȢֱð̣
ʣ;˾ҲϷ֣
˵ǰƽϢۣҲûôȻʱҵױԼȷʵһ˲šϺүؾְһۼǸ̽ʱү룬ῡ̽ɣ͹״Ԫһ𣬵ö۾οܼ̳коأ
Ȼǹҵ߹ʱˣ￴ֱӴϺ˾
淽˵ʲôֲ̫˵ǴֲڵˣǾүʿˣʱ˵ҲײһϲԼĶֳúÿˣ͵ֵסҲ֪Ķ֪˶⣬ڣʫʣżȻ˺飬ĶƣΪٵˣ䲻ˡ
ʮۣƭ΢·һ£ˡ
Ƿֱ͸¶ϢԽԽľΪѵʱ㣬ǵĻ죬׷ݣΪϲǡĿģ
ȿȡıŭһ£ȻǣҶܣ÷̲ס
үָϽһˮ÷ɤӣΪңʹˣ߶ү˵ôõĻ
ҡҡͷ£֣˵ҵѧʿѧʱսʿڣ
ǡ
ʦòðɣ
ֵͷɲǣҲҺûδ볯ãǣϣҪǰ̾ˣЩ˲⡣
ﲻ⣬ҵһ⣬Ȼתͷ׷϶ҵʲôٶ
ɣǿڳվࡣ
ԹְûиС
֮ĩƷְھ֮Ǳϲࡣ
ҵʮ͡
ֵһηԼү岻ã˼ȴΪͨ͸׵ϾŮȻҪֱ棬˳ƽϮλ
ҵõľλȻ裬ƽԵӵĺУҲѲ³Ҳûʲôġ
Ϊ˵ݿһУŻôģԸ˹ȥ
Ӱۡ
뵽ˡ
ʱһСѾ֣ˡ
˾ţֱŴӺŽ֮£̾ȥң˳ˡ
뷽һۣʵ˭
ֱֳӼ˺ү
Ƿأ
ڼ¡
Щģ˿衣
߹ɵ˵ȥɣЪ
үҰЪţ¶Ѿ
˵ͷԺһȦ뿪
һߣ軽һϾ
үϾǷߵĴѾߣճӣǸز໰ġ
ԸȥԺʲôҡ
ԺԺүͷ˾ס֮أȻ費
ϾûжʣӦһǡ
ȥѳսй
ǷСˣֻŲŲԳߵӲ࣬һֱû֣һٻ̾ˡ
˴Ҵҵһ̧һ˫۾ʣүСģ
ڵԾԾԵ飬Ǹõġ
ףǰԺ𣿡
ջش𣺡졣ʣүˣҪȥ𣿡
Ȼ飬һ񣺡ȥүȥʲô
ǡûκΪѣҲûжʣ̾ȥˡ
Ժ¶ݾϸѡ͹ź򣬷貢ġ
֮󣬷ż鷿ȥ
ԸԸ⣬ĩ»վ˸Ҫݹһӡ
Զֻ˯ţЩ࣬Щ
Ȼԭļ䣬ֻҪСı㲻¶ݣɱϾʱҲƭˣӣȻҪŪԭϲãϰߣһоУԭ˼ʹϵʵڼ򵥣һЩ
鷿ԷԶֻһȻΪչ˲ã·͵ˡ
鷿ܴĶҲ٣ϾԭΨһʱĵط֮⣬Χ룬һж鹦Ͼ
Ƶǰ̯һԼдõĴ֣ɼڻ֮ǰԭġ
ֳּΪԭʹñʷǷȱ֮⣬ּȥ޼ûīֽţµģһһ䣺Ͼҵǲеļˣ
ϾţŲ̣˵үġūѾֲ塣
ȻԭȻϲ˵ǶԸײϲԼ£ȴ޷ͻڼ̽ɣĲ黭ȻԶӵҪȻҲˡԭͶãġ֣Ϊˣϧ߲⡣
һǻż飬ùһȴǡǡԭԭҲͷأ
ıѾֽɼʱģǼע裬ּġ迴һ̾ӿһɹɬίΪԭеֵȻ֪֪ʧȥʲô
һ羴ĽΪҼҪ׷ŲĶӣˡ
ڻŵķ裬ͷֻΪԼΪĸס
߲壬ǲȡʤģôֻıƾˡ
Ժʮصݷݷѧӣ⻹ǻġ
뵽﷽轫鱾ϣϾԸЩƿҳӽճϰ֡
ǡ
·Եָףżᣬ֪Щġ黭ǷΪģһֱŻǹĲҲٵԺһֱָС
פ㿴ãԺԭһ߿һĻ棬ǳڴͿĵġ
ˣϾжʱһᣬ뵽Էһ䵭Ƽ˽ӵİۿʪοүүֵֺãүūһֱõģǺүʶ񣬴Ŀ飬ڵġ
֪ûκڴ꣬ǶһƬԭеϧ
鷿ûãΪ岻Ͼƣ룬ȰȥЪϢ
ûоܾҪٶҲҪһ壬ֺһҩ£һ˯ˡ
ֻǲ֪˶ã˯֮Уоʵ۾Ͼڶ߻үԺϢˣ˺ͺүִ˵ǳúס


8 ƽ
ž
һϣָӡܿ쵭תΪɫŴһƬۣ۾
ȻǱϲѿǰ˵ǰ۾ٵʦ֮ǰһֱʱ֮ã͢ȱҶò˼ңʦȻ࣬Դƹ͢Ѱҳ·
ʮ꣬һӵʹڣҲѾȥ߰˰ˣһͬһͬĸ޴˻֮ءݣʦ֮ʣڹѾˣδһǻᰡ
дҰĵĹ⣬ΪʹЩŤ
˵ˣֻҪףϡ̧Ϊƽޣȫһ棬ʦһػһ·շ󡣡
ݣ֪ģұʫ飬ʮ꣬һΪЧûлᡭ۾죬ƣȻͨһסݵ䣬ధĳ֮ˣ˶ҵƺģţزɺ֮ȫΪһΰɣ
ݾԼˣؿǰˣֻƤӻͬһȴѾռݡ
ô޳֮ˣ˾˵ĳڣ
ֻñ̹ǣʶĶ˶ָ
һֱֱִֶԼѾľǧΪĴҹ飬Ŀ糾ŵֵסջ󣬷ǰ£Ը⣬ݣѲҰ֮ǵù¿ֵ꣬շͦõ𣿡
һ裬뵽ô˽ӣŭɶؿڵ㻹ֵշĴΣޣһ̧֣źݺݵȥ¹ޣ֪ôдƽޣбµǰ˵룡ų򣡡
һǷ˺ݵģֱ߷ڵأؿվ
ȻֺγĿһһۣ·ķζλ
ǰŭӣǺǷߺޣͷ̫ѨһͻһͻſӣԹߵұô˿ϣ۸ĸӣŭʦǽȡҷ˵дҪ󡣷һʱ֮죬ȴ˻¡
žɲյĶͷڵķѡ
˻Ȼˣҳȫ㣬ĳɣҺ룡
һͷĿѣ̧һ¶ͷǴĿʺ졣
ү
ˣ
˴죬Ȼͷغˣĸһͬ˽ֺҶ
һأˮϵϲοжͷѪ˿ڣ˶ˡ
찡үˣ
ĸæһס˿ڣһ߽һ֪ҵģͬİӡЩĿġ
ʲô¾Ƶôص֣ĸսľ
ֲѾΧݵϸ飬ûˣȴʧǣĻ䣬ƺûбö١
ÿ˶ĵʣʲô
үҪҪ򣿡ĸСʡ
˿ڣϵҩͺãʲô򣿡
Ӵ˵ȥȷûʲôĸڨЦүȥҩ
ûзԣͷȷЩѣ˵µ֣ͷһһԲӣ߲ûп
һ̧Ӷʱһ˦̧ĵȥ
ȷ̵ĲӣԺ´ӵԺſڵʱ򣬸պ߳ײ
ԺΪһƬ񺣣˿̰ѩѹ֦ͷԾָ죬ȾŰף϶ٺȻ֮
ʯ·ϣȫڰУֻ¶߾µüۣȴѩĻУΪ㾦֮ʣһ˿ȥ
ĸһ˲俴ˡ
ЦŻһ
ɤΪȾһŴꡣ
䣬ûнִӰ񣬿ɵһ޵ķܡ
šӦţһ߲˲ӿϵİӡȻǼӵ¡
ȴûмװ𾪵ʣģ𣿡
һ̵ģ˵ǺȻ뵽ݶӵӿڸﲻ£°Ŷͷ֣¶˿ڣЦֹ㿴òյҵģؿڱߵۡһûأʹ֮ǰдδҲ̫˰ɡ
迴Ѫ˿ڣ߸͹һֿԴֻüһɨصȴǰӡϡ
࿡ݰ𪣬ڼȴİӡˣףɼ֮ݡ
ȻҪҺ룬Ǻ֡Щ
üҪ룿
ͷƹȻأɰȴľ󣬸ʹӣǣ˵ѣѵӶ˵
ǰģֻѡǲˣҪǴӦˣǸúȰȰˡ
֪Ϊ˽ӵ·ʧվǸףǹĵӴСĽĸס
оȡһ㣬ֱҪװȥ¶ЦҲò÷˼Ŀ´ǰˣ⾿жţŻ벻
˻˻سۣʣ϶۰ɡ
ո߳л֮߶ˣŬ¶һ˿Цݣͷʾ׽ɻδȴ̵ˣ˼ǣԸƣһۡ
һ䣬Χžֻ֦ϵĶѩ֧ŲסȻ֮
˷Ļŭ˵ʲôţý·Ҫȥ
ʣΧ˶ʱɫԭվڷϾ̵ĸǰ֡ĸ𾪵ؿŷ裬Ȱ
ֻϵЦݲ䣬ûַֻûݣõѵء
üëˣԿŭҪ㶮ʲôӣ
ͷ⣺ѵ˵ˣ˿£֣
죬۾޴ӱ⣬¶Ц
Դӻͱòһģ·޺İ˴⬵Ƥʼˡ
ɲΣǸף棬裬㵱Ҳѵ𣿳ԲѷײףֱТ
˵ǣԸܷɡһ˵һ¶񣬽ȫ¶°΢̧ӭȥ
Ƥ鶯ָ߸䲻Ķӣƽ˵ײˣԴһЩѹ죬ʲôʱ
ôƣ߳ŭֻ̾ǵ˰գȴһ䣬ֻҪھͳɡ
ɲǼ䣬ͣʲô˼
ɫǿиɣĺܡһ
ɱӣصؽѵҡ˵﷽Ӧؿʼʾಡġ
ᣬûЧ˵˵棬أһиôݾԻͬھ
ʱԭأֻƼӾ磬ͷĿѣ
Ѷϣհǰ˺֮ˣĵһӣݵ۹һαʾ񶨡
̽´ϣָǹԹɵȻ÷̫䣬Ҿȥ̽ˡ
˵̵ĲԺ˴ӵ£ߡ
ؿӰ·ʶӣûл
ȴڽԺŵʱ򣬷ʲôͣ½Ųعͷñѩ˵ڳΪ٣ΪأүޣɱǺ
ԣ۾Ȼһô
üδЦЦ˵ѧʿδǵҴ˾⣬к֮ӣˡ
¶ɣü˼Ҫһ䣬ȴ͵͵ؿһתԡ
Ѫˣǿȥҩɡ
˵꣬һӣתˡ
үĸСĵһˡ
ߡ


9 ӡ
ݵ״̬ö٣˵ȴġ
һһĻۣ׶һɷǿ޹أⳤԽ࣬˵þԽأҪָʱҲԽá
ƽޣֻݺȨв̵ʶĳɲܹ
ݽԼڷڣκˡ
⣬֣Ҷͷ㣬ɨСѾͷĵǣȰȰ˿
Һûãذ̵ͥԺдŲűһȣΪζſڣ
ǻعͷһѩ޵ķ軺ؿǡ
үôˣһѾһӭȥһס֣캮ضģ·;ԶֻүôԼ߹ˤô죿
ϵΪüָϾҲţ
Ͼüѵδж໰
ҡͷǣɣҲǹ˵ڽյķϣ棿
һ̾磬˵ǰүߺ󣬷˽Լ˭Ҳ
ʣ֪ʲô£·ϵףòǱ
ǵ̸Ż˼棬ִҲ޿յ裬Ҳȥ
˵꣬·ᣬæū䲻֪˺£ҿ϶Ǻү˵ֵ̫Ļǵ÷ŭү֪ģһãôԺүǧǷ˵Ĵѽ
ɷʲôŹɷ򣬾Ǽܵ£һ˼żǿЩˡ
Ц֣ôͿ𣿡
ʱһ紵һ⣬ͷӣЩ
Ҷˣæ֣䣬үƫЪһЪȿů衣
ү
ûߣǽյķǰ̧ãˣš
͸ŵǣƽݶȻԸöһ˿Ϊѣǽա
ҵһûж
Ƿһţ޹
⡭Ȼ趼á
ɫδ䣬ûţֻѹ뵥ڸڵţԸұ
ȻԺԺòԶԷ壬߹ЩȽŲƣˡȥƫЪųԲ裬˳ݡ
Ҷͷſڣɫǲ
չʱҲסˡδȥţ˳ȣͥԺС
үԺ䣡Ѿ׷
δţƾż䵽һȴǰķݸƣҵĴƼͥԺ;΢еߣûȥֻ̫˵
ؿһʱѹˡ
𣿡
ôϺǴ׺⣬㣬˱ƤѼ̿Сȣѩ⣬ˣƬ߱ɽţ˿롭
˳һϧû꣬ǼѹֲסĿԣԻһһģֻǵѾߵľ
ⷬҲһĴ˷Ӧ
ǻȣ㲻Ҫ𣿡ƿӣɤ˵ʪ妣˿ңһ˫׵۾ɼݺݿ޹
һ羫£ݵݻ⸱ģ֣ĵʺ˷ҿٵصڡκŭ⣬ü𣬷·ûпݵǱµʵ𣿡
һ㶣ʲô
ҿϵİӡˣôôףƤôû۰ɣ
͡и͵СѾûסЦ
˳ǣŹɵĶӣȻʧЦһ̾Ϣ
ˮ裬ҶšӣҪӹ˵ɡ
ûм֣СĵĲȥĸϵֻۣһɾ΢ϸ׵۾
һĿڷɡµϣ۽޺ŵɫĴһ棬СĺǻŪ
һůĵʹ˽ǿűɷ˵ǧٿ׵ģϡ
ˣСıָ۵е䣬ֽ̧£ǶȥŰɡ
һĲƾ壬ȻǳԲǰһƬصڣһȥͻļܹһζ٣Ҳο壬һԡ
ϣӲĿҩüë۾һݸһǡ
ǣڻζüڴ绯ѩȻʣüĿ˵ĸɾá
˫峺۾Լ䲻ƣȴ޷ӿͺܾãЦﱾԸ㵣ġ
ңҲŻ˼롣Ӳ˿էȻ֪
´ʹ뽫̧ƽޡ
ʲô
軹δзӦҶķȴץסĽ
үǷ𣿡
ôô
ƽǡܹ֣վ̫ýȢķʲô
Ͻ͵˼壬ƽƽ˵һ㳿ѣ˳ǳԴöȶˣһҾˣҪǡĺھλ̳үͬȵʸ񰡣ʲôֱ𣿡
͵ķǳϸȻûԩ
ʣ˵ֻҪžôͻȻҪ̧ƽޡ
ĮȻ˵ѹ衣
գֶʱȻŭҼֱ̫ѵΪ𸴣ΪΪˣ
ˣܴӦ
۵ûӦǡ
ֹ֪ˡͻȻ
ү
迴ݣһһΪ޹أǵԼ˼
۵׸ᣬͷ
󾪣ȴţܣȲǸˣòۼǼ˸Ь䣡οôΪٳּ񣬴ҵ˭佱ܸɣĽүĸķˣŵҲѽ
үǻͷȻˡ
ֺҶ׷׵ͷҲеÿݣһ𰸡
ȴûлͷһֱѣҡԳһʵ֪ģȢңϲͶ·ѡ񡣡
Էһ֮ǰԼƲһ£ȴˣ˵Ϊ
ݱ£ĮȻ̹Եǰѣҳˣǣ;δĩ·ǡиӱ߹޴ﱻıɫ۾˸ַԣǰִҪޣƾڳһϯ֮ءΪĻģô빲Ѳֱ˴ˣû뵽һԸˡ
ģɼѾϣʵ
Ȼʹġ
ֲģһˡ
૵ū澲ףүжӦм𣿡
˵Ͽһ¡λ¸صĴ󳼣һСΨһŮѼ˸׷ԩѩã㰵иŮչŮȫշЯ֮顣ŮҾƶһУȢŮнաΪŮжȴû뵽ŮؼұһݣȲá˵˶٣Χ۾ϯϸ˲⣬Ϊ˾壬ˡ
ǰΪʲôأ̲סʡȻ˲ޣ˵ҲҸѣ侮ʯҪðɣ
ˣݶ衣
ݣԣ࣬ʱʱѣУԷǿŻãʩᣬҹ尾˶ϡ
ϣԭء


10 Ȱ˵
ϵɷʽеҺڣòҧǰеĵɷҲл빲ЯͬеĭɷȻٲ˳޼ҷȵɷ
һ֣һȷӲԡ
͵͵ЦݿԱŷе˺£ֻôǺϣϹ޴õӡ
Ȼ˵ġ
Ȼಡ˼Уɻ֮ȴඥͨ͸ǷǣֻԼʧȥ˱
Բס㡣ûиһ壬һĺڡ
ҡҡͷǵΣϡֻ֪еĴݺŮ֮ʱΪأ
̧ƽ޲ͬһǶҵ裬벻Ϊθݡ
Զڱ߹أҵѸߣˣ
ʱһ㶣ûȻ龰ǻһ£òԣλ˾˲к£ôˣ
ҡͷ̾ȫǹңҲ֪Ϊʲôǻһͷ磬û뵽һֳµľѾͷƬӡ
ŮҲܼ̳ѽԣǹŴ迴ݣм㣿
߸
ʵöСΪûжӾҪã۾Щ
ˣҲãܲҪٴɱɱλ˾ôΣա
ȻݿЦûһܼ̳кλѸߣȨмҾ͸óˡԣôãһ̨Ȼ϶ಡ˵¡
Եô޿֣
ЦҵĴȲҪȥ
Ƽң˵շһ̧ƽޣûа취ģǱ޳Īرߴ󽫣ǲ޹뿪߹ػŮͷ
ľΧһݣʱΪŮǵһȣ̫ϣ¸ٶ࣬չٶĲܣҲԱϱֱӴѹ
Ȼǲ뿪ݽӱȻѻɷ򶷣Ҷֶļ̳ȨͨլŮһ۽磬̱ļơ
ġ
ȥЪŰɣͱٶ룬ᴦõġȻüǳɻǴЦݰοţ÷谲ġ
Ȼûֻʣ棿
ݵ¶źô᲻룬ĸߵʱҶû취ǰȥ䣬οοТˡ
Ȼˣβȥлϥ£
Ļ΢ʧЦ·;ңԶ˵ȥܻȥģοӡ
Ȼδ˵꣬ͼ˫ϥһ䣬˻δӦ֮ʱأݣĿֿеɡ
۾
ҶˣĿȻô뿪Ǿߡ
һûĵˣⲻɷ䱻һ˺ʹһ
ⷬٶΧˣæȻȴˡżүɱ˵˺ˣô죿
Ҹһߡ
ҲطԣС
Ȼ輹ֱͦĿᶨʯ·Ѿ˼ȫҶһҲľλǲм෴ΪƽԼģȻˡ֪ýԴ
΢΢һΣŹµķ۾ຮȱҽҩĲô졭
΢΢̧ͷ޳Ĳ¶죬ѩ͸ٴķɳҰס·;ٵңԶҲ£һֱ뿴Сĵطһеĳգ̴ĮǱһǽԺΪޣҲŸҪϧź
ſӭ羢ɣԸݻ٣Ҳһܵأĥ
·˵Ҫ룬ں֣֪ǣѾ޿ˣ
ݵ£סֱۣǿаҡʱ
Сûټ֣˳ֻ˵ô໰ֹЩ֧Ųס
˲ЩҪȰ˵ݺ롣
ݵ֣żеģߵ֮һľǰţһ۾Ϳľнܡ
һѽŵĳ񲼸ˣ¶·棬ͷŸݣжûˣ
ݿѽ˲䣬ʼ
˵мǹһڽȻֻ֮ϲҲûʹ֮߸ͬʱ
ʱɳĮ񷣬ΪԶΡ
˾Ѿ棬Ѿһ޵òԼ
֣ѽ֮£йâϣ躮⣬Ž·һλǣҰ۳ҵˬʹڻͷã롣
𴽽ǣϧЦݻûչͷĿѣͻȻϮһ٣֧ʶطס񣬲ûԵ
һҲãڷ顣
ݾ̶½
̧۾ҵɡ
*
˼ã鷿ī֮أҲҹЪϢ֮
˿ĸСظͷ˿ڣʹѹֲסƺߡ
Ůˣµ֣ôͻݹȻװģһʹ˻˻һ߻һ
ʱͶˣĸִСĹᵽ˵
Ȼĸһ٣ҡͷ÷ѾˡΪС̣ôʲôĸûʥ飬Ҳ˵һ̫ģ岻Ϊдһ⣬á
Ҳнգȫ̷ˣӹˣǵֵüɹĲʹ죿
ĸ뵽̲ס̾˿Ȼһȴ·𱻵ȼˣʵôѵ˵ˣСģҰ֮·ŵκ˼˭ŹǱˣ۾ĸ·һ̾Ҫ̧űŭ
ĸһæүĶĻСǱὫүһֱţүС棬źСıһһ
ĸôһ˵ɫһͣʱ
ȷߵ֮˲࣬ҪݸϰȻٲĸڻεҴˣ
üģȴգʹ۾
ô󶯸ɸ꣬ĸ֪֪Ƿȴ˷飬һ紵߳ŭͣҲö˵ʲôʵͷ˻˵ӡӽҹģүղ٣
Ϊĺɷʮұ͹ˣһͮͮİӡóΪЦ
˵ͷֻȫѻһһɵϴܡ
ʱһſڡ
ɸ磬˵ˡ
ϴŵ˽һƼϵˣʱģôôأ𾪣ŻΪӨ飬һ˳Уһ۵Сܽ
һĸó˱ϵλá
滨꣬ȴ޵һ˫۾ֻϸָҪٴŪ˿ڣŴһ۰ɣͷǲǺΣôİѪ
ĹУ޲֮ʹο壬סֵãҪ
ôôģү´δȥɣһ㵲
ЦοǶһָͷġģƤˣϹҩͺˡ
ϵͷھε֪үΪ˱ĸӡɸ磬´ˣٿʹ
úúãҩء΢΢ϸ
ȴͷĸ˵Ҫʲô
ĸָҩɴҩѾϺˣֻʣ²ɴ
Ӳ˲ᣬӣ¶һ󣺡ãĸȥһ֮ǰЩѪĲƷү˾Ͷ
ǣ
ĸһߣϱϸĵظ˿ڣһ߰ɴһ߻͵ʹš
Ȥţģ⻹ܴʹ
ϵǰ۸ˣҪһߴһҩ˵ܽʹ඼ߡ
ԶʱĬȻµõΪλ۸˽ӣ꣬ٺòڡ
Եǡ
һᣬҡͷܹվڳɸߣܽһһҲࡣ
̧һоڲС
Ųɴ۵׵Σҧҧʵɸ磬ˡô˵
ûͬ⡣ش𣬽۾ֵٵȵȰɡ
һ˲䣬ϣˣеɴ㵱ӽȻԤϵݲӦɰص˵𲻴ӦҪԻ̧ƽޡ
ΪʲôҪأ
ҺãĿ죬ûг˿ڣɴ²ãһǿջûϵɸҵţǹԹԵţΪѡ
סϵ֣˿ѩ֪ƽ⡣
ᷴڣΪģ뵽˽뿪ԺʱͷǾ仰
˾ѧʿ֮⣬к֮ӣ
ջسǸϣŮõŴǸںƽǷԼ˼ܸѲ˸ϵ


11 Ʋ
Ƴϣ°˯һҪǴƹֻ飬£ȻҪ󶯸ɸ̫꣬ҽȥˡ
±ʣ󣬿еţ¶ԥ
һͣ޻ء
ˡִҶżСһϻӽϣϵìܣһ̾᲻𣿡
΢΢ף͸űʮˣôҽеѪϣȻҪߣôãиջأת뿪ҲȻ˺ѵʹһĲѪ
ǡٵȵȣֱϾʹˣ˽ķϣ´СĹｫڡ
Թ
Ȼȴҡҡͷֱߵŷ⣬ֽС۵ȥ֣û˱˵ʱҾ͸ˣʹҲߣ
Ϊݲñѡ
˵ԸߣôܹĳȫԼأ
ºүˡˣǷ衣
ԣĿ˶٣ϻӣóһݺ˵ϲֻԴҪǾ
ļױ
¶ᣬȴҲᶨԲԲɱҵΪʲô۶ܸһ벻Ǿȫ
֪ݾ˼ǵģֻܵͷū⼸ձԸү֪㡣
ͬġһ޹ؽҪĶӻ÷ļױݶܲµ
ǺȻϴһɳҪ
֪ʲôʱ򣬷ˡ
ҩź󣬷ůϣļױӣΪ۾Ѿ߶˼򣬵ƻͨ
ûϸһʵҳ嵥˲¼Ŀ˵ݵļױ֮ᡣ
̾Ϊֹǹ޹Ҳûô¡أʮױΪɣ
ָϺүͷһŮԶ޵ǣûʲôҵ׵˼ңɲ͵ö׼ʱ˭Ľ
¶ѿ˵˵ȥϹ뱲ӣ۸ֵǣ˰˵ЩҲҪˡ
迴룬ֱӵŮӳʱļױ˽ҲܾߣӴĲƲȴҪҵʵ̫ˣ
ǡ
ʣµԸҸߣ
ݿЦŵͷˣע档㹻棬ͬ⡣
Ȼױ嵥Żغ鲻罻졣
㣿
Цŵͷõ֣ͬļױôѪһ黹ԭʲôָʲô
ݼֱסˣֻ࿴һۣæ׷ʣʲô취
λѧʿ
Ȼᵽˣݰ˼⣺ô˵
ûѵֻʮ𣿡
ôһ˵ݶʱ˼˵
ҲϸʱһӶû͵ŵȥĸ֣ҵ֮ǰһƶϴǷծҾ˵ǻĶ˭ӣ
Ҵϵ¶Ƿôεױ⣿ƻӳڷϣ԰ѩ˫۾ȴҫǳ
Щ²ϸ룬ԽԽĺ
ݷ·׹Ԩ̶̹ǡ
Ȼϴһů⣬ȴǷһȲůůġ
ָһӴů·һӴԨ꣬䡣
Ƶ̫ɵˡ
οЩ̫ôߣ̰Ĳ㡣
һֱಡ˼ϸĶӣһ使ܶ󣬶ҪϸıⱲӶҪ軤ڷ絲ꡣɲ֪ʲôʱĶѾΪ֮ʱ֧ȥ
Ҷˡ
΢΢һЦ꣬Ҿʮ壬Сӡסݵ֣Ǻ£ҵģɺã
ûԥͷá
Ҫ
˵
һ£ﾡ˶ļױرȱٵĲ֡
ţүģūվͿʼȱһ˿߶òϣԲЩˣ
ԭ־ͲԸ⣬˼ýݵļױͳȥҪ̳˸ɾ޲ھߣӴ򿪿š
ݴִһ㣺Ǻɵ˽ˡ
ֺһá
Ȼȴˣ⸮ľӪʮ꣬²ټҵףЩƽ޹ʱԼļױǮŻģǾｫⲿ֮ʱҲһߡ
⡭ԼֱȲѣһֽ񣬽裬᲻ˣ
Ȳ΢΢һЦȻʲôûУȫļױģν֮ƣ򲻿ɶᣬ಻ɹʣôɼױͽȻҲУ仰˵ҵЩٺ»;ԼȢʱﱾڵļҲ⣬ģ
Ѿرƽɻǰ˲Ʋ浱ȻҲУҪ֪Լճ趼ǲˣ
īֽⶼõģԴöȽԾϸʲôţ
Ȼȴүǲ
룬ܾӰżױ嵥ȫ߱ǷҵĺƣеļҲҪߣǵñ˴żҪ֪շԣճլӣµҶݿߡ
ģֻҪռͲ¡Ҳ̫ˣʱŮ̫ںŮǿûоǰѲƤġ
ѪõǮƣȴӲ֪жĶɸģ
ôһ˵ԥݶʱһᣬãġ
ôӣǸӶҲȱЩҪá
һʲô
˵ڶ£æѧʿ𸴣
Ҫ
仰˵ǻκȻλʮﳼûҲš


12 ˼
Ϸ˵Ъ£ŵ߳˼ã˵ķֹƺ߽̽һۣȴһ±졣
Ȼȥ
ߵԺӣСסĸӴ´࣬ЩɣЩƬδޣԺͺͺ֦£ű㺮ˡ
һֱŻصǽʳūͳȫĳ棬û뵽򷢵ԭסĵطԺϵʵڲС
ڣȻǣȴûŰԴöȺͷ̵ѾˣҲԸ˹׼
ǰһЩʵʵȥ۾Ӳѹ
ֻǡԭǹټС㣬ôίȫߣôģ
ˣ˳ȥϵһյ裬еʡ
Ϻ˿ˮش𣺡˰ƣһţͷòǱ
ôءǵһɣڴؿϣһٸԺĺǲǿƽƽˣ
˵ˣ϶Ųյһ٣ҡҡͷ
һʣΪʲôͬ⣬ǵסˣ᣿
ûлشҲǲ⡣
ԴӷЩɵ£͵͵ŶӰؾǣһ۵լÿǰŽСȻ±ݷ֣˼治࣬͵.飬ʹȴҲΰš
Ҳˣ´СΪйĶ󣬶ԹǷݣǿƴҰαжԵӲᣬǲϽʧ
ָжûʣ֪յԭֻһ緽ǹԣڼŻˣӺңʱʱԼܣıܼ尾
ûϣĳһʧƻ֮ʱݵ³Ԥϡ
ôõĻᣬݻ֣֮߳£ʦް첻ȫԽ˽̧
ȥˡ
£ſڱ㴫һѾү

֮ʱūͱϵ߲ѾߣʮˣҲ㹻ͻΡ
ūķԸĸʻڵһϢ
ôү·Ͽʲô𣿡ʡ
˴ү
һ裿
˵ͷ
ȷֻСһ꣬ڷ軹֪Ĵʱ֪Լô磬ҩԴһ굽ͷһθ֮ȣС㻹ľϾСǻʱҪȥ̤࣬ȥϸ㣬ĸײμӸ־ۻᡣ
ĽĳȴҲмҩӵ塣
Ϊ˵ĶҪλø費һòϵĶ˵
ü˵ʲô
ĸ˵Ļϸر󼸾䣬ʹزʹţܱ֡Щ˼λүƲǰۡ谮ķ񣬸Ҳ˵Ļ
ҵû֣
ûУүñףĸ˵ֶ̧ˣûȥү£۾ûգһ¡
Щš
ȴأҸ˵һ仰⻰ͷ
ȴ˾˲˵˵ίΪͷõôôϺ֮ӣ
򴽣۵˵˼˾˽塣
۾һѵ治ͬ⣿
Թߵվôͬ⣿ͲСͣһͬҲǲһȣά񶮷
ȫ뷽Ĳһˣò׻мô۰
ϼ˵Ҳ֪Ӻδģ֪Ϊ˳سմȨǽеʱ򣬱Դв
ôһ˵ʱˡ
˲ĺֱʵô죬ô𣿡
ڳıܣζΪ˳ĺ̳ˣ̧ƽޣܳΪӣ
λͼҲϲ˭ܸ˭Ҫݵ񲿺˶ݹһкϹ͵ǰʥá
еǰûвһΪӵĵ
šӣܾôˣô꣬ûûָŷĳɣѵֻҸ𣿸޲֮أȴһССֶúúõģҴѴӴȥջسĻ𣿡
ͨ۾ŷ񣺡ùˣȴҪĸûôף

˫ַסļȻ§ĺ󱳣ο㲻õģȻôζҪݲڽ£Ƿǵģ
ȫһֽԼգĿȢ¸м尾˭֪ò»ܸģ
ţܻġ
Ժ
ڲ֪¶ٿҩ֮󣬷賹ˣڴ޿
ԼûɶǳԾǺȣټӸ˯Ժѩţ˵һѩܶµѩζ
˵Ժ˯һؾ񣬿û˵仰ԵʵݵǲѣȻһߣǷȴǲУʹ˱һ
ǵشϱΪһصصϷˣװѩЩ
ϧ֤Լһʵʵһķ©ҲûãϾԺ´粽ãƵüˣֱͦͦؾ¹
ԴˣֻͶķݣһĶֵεţ˶þͱϡ˴ϣ鷿鶼࿴˵ǶͷΣΪϡ
ӼֱûˣһʹԴ϶ۺմԶ
ڰգûзڱŽˡ
ãȻն˲侫ƶųգ߲ŸһɲǼ˵˲˻ѣڰү
ͷ˿Ͼ򴽣ûЦ
Ŀڳյļͷͣͣʣͷ´ѩˣ
ʵʵش𣺡ǰ治СŸ붬أѾºüѩˣүô֪
һʣͼĵ˵ͷѩûءһ˵ţһ߽Ŀ⳯ϾȥͷԹֱҪʵˡ
ϾֻһһΣǷʵܲһҲˣֻվСҪū澽ӿһ㣿
䣬ͷԾؽ䱻һסźͲӡ
ˣϾֺЦߵߣ˨֧¶ͷһСƬɵأ׷Ĵѩë裬ͥԺѾˣƶѩȲػӺī˼Ⱦװع硣
趼ˣϱӣ̳ȥڱѩȦٸֵܴһѩ̣Ҫ֪ϷĺӶһĴѩ̫ס
Ȼһ紵ЮѩƮﵽǰƤ裬δ֣ȴһϾѾ˨һţ˴ӣеıѩ硣
ѩůвһؾڻʧ
ӣ¾ڳǰ˵ɣ̽ʲôϢ


13 
ֳ֮󣬷ó̽ȥĶ
үү֮ǰȥ˷⻹ȥλ̡˵ѹԥ˷һۣҧҧҪ̧ƽޣ˽Ӽǳɵأ
ϴŲϾˣǺݺݵĵһۣҲһģ˶ǵŷ裬סһѪ³ʡ
ֱĪ֪ˡ
˲һûľͺá
Ƿȴ̽Ϣ
ǣͷһСľ֪ˣϢֶ죬ֵǣգүͷ
ϾŭȻͷΪүƽ˵ġ
ⲻү˵з紵ݶ𣿡ڨЦ
Ȼȴ˼̧֪ƽ棬ǵҲ棬ͷ档
λδıѧʿеķֱӳĸӣ˭ҲֻԼ
Ǿͺã΢΢һЦĿ⿴Ͼý㣬ѩͣˣ뿴ѩ
ѩ˺һȷͷѾ翪ѩﷴŹߣӳҲõġ
Ͼŷ۵ڴʵֲֻȡʵ磬Сͤ£ڷֻһ;Ľ̿裬ַһ¯ӣˮŷźڲࡣ
ѵܹϧһһµɨѩ˼
ʱȻͥԺ⴫һ
衣
δˣˬȴѾ΢΢һѰȥͼһλ׳ġ˳ǰ
λǡ
Ƕүˡ
Ͼľ÷ٿݣܿͨԭļƬҵӦ֪
Ƕĳȷһ֮꣬ʮˣΪ෽ܼεˡĸһӱ߹ؼ޵ǣǰ󲻲һ£ͬľû¸ݣŸճ޵ӷ˰ʱֱ̣Ӵʹ˵УҲʱʱ衣
ֻѾʼ游ҰЩ£͸ˡ
Щ֮󣬷¶һϲЦݣ硣
һԲķ裬ֻ¶ž°ԶԶȥѩãɰ˫۾дŴĳƺʶץץָЩһѡ
衣
һӾ߽СͤС
һͬԲ򣬺޲һ˿Ҳ͸һ綼һ£һͤӾֱӳ˶СˣƻȣøòҲ̫ˡ
Ϊʵؿڴ춼ܴĽ׳ǣôˣ
ͣѩɫкãĸ̣̽Ҳ㡣´ŷ裬üͷˣ֮ǰһ⣬ôݳ
ů¯û˵
̲ס˵ǰ㻹ˣ
ССص˵ͷ
ͱ¸ģʲô£Ƕ֪ˡ
͵͵ءšһ
ɵ裬Լñˣ
СֲܿƵġ
۵һ̾ԴֻǴһ꣬ȴƲ꣬ʵ̫죬С
򿴹ô˵
Ͼһյ͵ǰش𣺡̫ҽƹˣүҪЪܽܲһء
ǿһºĸٳȥˡ
Ϸ˷һӡΪҷߵýҲǰȥݷãżЩҲһȥ
ⲻص㣬ǳ͢سҪְټһƷݣĸ״ٱȻ䶯ǡ
뵽ˣһȴЩʧգһְɡ
ش𣺡ɲ˵һȨ󣬾ǻӻҲǰæĽŲմأò׽˿չұմʶʶˣһ죬ԺиӦýܸ۸ȥϧ
δ֮⣬׾¶ѹ÷ģһţæǸң˵βȥҲûϵãеǻᡣ
ҲңѾܸˡҡҡͷ¶һɵЦݡ
ǵճҲмܣլԺͺϵģмڣЩܵܲ׽Ϊĸף뷽λಡžҵܵܶ˼ġ
Ǹ˽ӣʲôˣ
ֻСһ꣬ܺãϲ
ϲ衣
Ұĵӣڸƫ£ҲԻ˼οۼؾҪЩģѵ裬Ҫˡ
ͷָů¯ϵ·ʣϷٳλѧʿҲȥɣ
⣺֪
˵Ҳ֪ҵΪʲôȻ˴ãȻͥаѩ֮ǰݵӣǶĸ̤ŵ˲䲻ˡܿ۾˵ΪΣԺǲܵˡ
ҲҲá
΢΢һ㶣̧Դ¶ɻƺ̫⣬Ŀֱ롣
˫峺ˮ۾£Щֵסӣѹ֪Ϊʲôٻ𣿡
˵ֱ֧˶٣ּһ䣬ɽ⳯͢ȼü֮
Ӵԭʲô֪ѽ뾪ȵûɾܲܽ͢⣬Ͳ֪ˣ
Ϊʲôһ¶
ԥһ£赥ģ̲ס԰ڵҵ˵ѧʿ̫вٴ󳼳ַ֮ҪǶһ֧֣ʹĶĶȥˡ
ͷλһ֪Ǹӵ˺档
ӣĸײԣԶʿǫѷ֮ʳزۣйλʵʵĳӣԵõ󳼵ӵ
⻰˵е˼ĽȴΪŵõӵЩм
ӼңվڷԵһˡ
̧豭һˮȻôɽֺ뵣˷ԣ
Ͳ֪ˣ֧֣ɾ԰֮ĸ˺֮ң볯һЩҲһӵڳڶҵ˵ݣɾûϲѧʿδ󣬱һס
ȷ֧ŵıȻλ
һ˵һ˼˵ĸȻӯţ˸ӣҲæкѲ㲻ȥҲãûʱչ㡣
˵УЦףȥȥǾ˵
磬ҼЦ£֪֮лûȤ£
һʣʱ˵а˵Ҫ߻Ӵͻ顣
߻ӣʱ£ǰλӣƣλֱۣɼ㲻ϣȻҪͻͣӦòСˣ֪Ϊʲô
ͻ鲻Ǻ𣬻֮ȡɣ˵
ȻЦҡͷǡǡ෴Ϣһѫ֮ҷ֮
Ϊʲô
ڼ²ǲ֪λ߻ӿǸôʣ֮ˣƣҲƣǶ㲻ǲĻ첻ߣûԸմȾһ˵ϴͻ飬ʻ˼Ҷææȥûأǳ֮⾩һЦ
¶ԶӲмҲҷ˵ᵽλ߻ӣвκξ⣬˵٩֮⡣
ۻƵȱȽǣۣϡˡ


14 
ûþ뿪ˣϾƼҷܳһǲס
ҲԾػݣúúҩϢһߣݱȻ̽ӡϾֲû취ǼôϧԼҪҲöҡ
Ȼϴһʱ䣬ſھˡ
ܴǶ׳ȻܣĴ˿ɱȻĶ֪Ķࡣ
ˣǶڻǰԣűӶ𸴡
轫鱾£ֱʣɶƽ޹ΪҪѧʿ˵
ݵȻҲΪԼ飬֣Ƕ֪îǳ̬ڵĻԱ췢괺Ϊޣٲ취ʲصùˡ
ɴӸ˰ȴûٹЩ˭Ŀڴ²⡣öթȴǣĸӣɫ䡣
˶ٵѧʿŵȷпƵķӡ
ͲˣǱΪ飬ҲòȥⷬģҵĳԿ۵ջǰաǺլŮ죬ݵļʶҲӣֻϧϢԴ̫١
̫ԶǶ͸¶ϢЩˣ˵ǽڸˡ
ʣΪʲô
ݵ˾٣ϷǣɹĹͣ˵ӲĴ˳λпٵǴ󱦡ѫ󳼣ĸЭͬһ𷴶Ϊƴ˵Ѿҡˡ
û˼ֵһѧʿݸѹסѩĵֻ֮ܿĹȻ׼룬ҵùҲּɵģϾغ
ȻȴҡͷģһմȨ
ü΢΢һ壺ô˵
û̻ش𣬶ǹ궬ƺø磬ѩµĴǲǵǰʩࣿ
ôһ˵Щֵö£Ҫġȥ궨иİհȥһһ˵֮ضô˵طϵñʲôˣ
͢û𣿡
εԱٺ»ĶʲôУҲ˰Щ͢ԱӾ֪ôˡ
ΪɣǲСĹ٣ǻӷְɴпΪȻȲ㣬˵ùûʣʩչһɻΪˮκι˵ıߣҲ˳࣬͢Ų
ҲͶ·ûǮҪٶ˷ԣֻҪûƵķӣֻУ̫ãֻⳡպֹӡ
Ļƶ֮غϣһʱסˣһֱΪһسڸִ׸ֱ쿪ǹвû뵽Ĵпܡ
˵ⷬķ衭Լšü˼Ķӣζӳ£ǰӲЩ
ЦЦǰӰݣڷ絲꣬Ҳдʱôӱܣ뱣Ʊص߳ȥ
ݵĿڶʱ֯Գ̧֣ӵݵӣޣƾ֪Ƽδزܳɾͽǰ̡
˲ݵֵŬҲΪʱ
ԭŲŲͷģǷ費ǣܾһĶֵزǳ÷ƱõһӰѣҪĸǺԶ߾ô򵥡
غδһ·ڴ֮ǰõõѶϢڳ͢ϣԼһЩɫɫȴص߳ȥ
뵽µɻʵ˶;˵һλ߻ӣȴΪ˱֮˵а֪𣿡
Ȼģ˵Ҽǵ߻֮ĸ뾰֮ĸͬͬýãϵ֦˵λɸЩǳճŮ
ճֻһɣ
ݵ⻹Ͽһϣ׷ġ
һ˺Ӱӹ͢Ϸķʱһ񣺡ô£
һ˫۾д˺棬ݼ˼ֱЦãķƺʲôȤֹ֪ܶ˵ⶼʮǰ˰ɣʱһڱ߹أδ뾩ǣҲǵ;˵
ûû£˵˵¡
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15 ֽ
˴ߣҶ˺ӣһĲӡ
ү˽Ųãʣ޼ļҲᣬʲľԼⷿһЩҲֵǮĶǿõģⱾ
ִַ֪һʵЩȣǰƲ¼δ̫ϸ˰ɡ¾ɵĴŶ棬ȼ֮
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ҶŽһСС־ЩǷׯӺӵ飬ӡĵЩǷծ޳ȥģǷżױһһ
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ĸ﷢࣬ҲΥ棬ֻӲͷƤǡ
ˣ벻ʱҲΪ˼Ҽ˽ùЩεư


16 
ݶһһʱûϵȵıī񡭡϶໨һǮ˷ѣ
ǰһ£չиβþ촦ӭ󡣳֮⣬ССĲҵҲ˱Һ˶ԣĲɡ
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ȻͿյǮ֪ϣ治½ʳԶϵֽȫ
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17 
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18 
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ҺүҪȥ
˼ǮϣվҲǩģôȥʺүҪ
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迴ⱾĿ̲סЦˣʶʱΪܡ
̾ǿϷ˻Ȿ˲Ͷϣ±Ȼһ֡·ԸҵŭȻɽ󽻸ҡ˵ʵûһһģȻôࡣ
ʮʱ䣬Ҳû۳һӴĲƸ
˵Ҳ²ǶԵģҵȷڴ㡣
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ģȻɵʣϲ𣿡
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𣿷ԶӺ˾
ôҰҺ޵ŮǸаĵط㽣ϣܹһЩ
ԸڴڼǱ߰Щǡ
ϧĸϣ̫.ƽȹȴ˲Ը
ϱ滨ؽ˺ݺһͨߡ
˶ˣ֪ˣ
ү强Ѿʣˣô죿еš
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±Ҫȥʣ䳰ȷһΣһԷŭö֣ôùȥҪҪˣ
ôŪӣϣȻв˺ڡ
ϼпһĬĬ߽䣬Ҫʰ
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ôίүһ涵ؿʵ벻ף⸮һжģȴŷ˰ѳֲ˵һһ⾿˭
ɲǼ䣬ɫˡ


19 ɫ
ɼףȴ١
ѾʮδΪǮյ½ʳ˼գ;ҹߣսƣ
ҹϺ̿ӦεȵĲ٣շת࣬ڶۣȫܡ
ƽϷԾơͬźȲ裬Ǯ󷽵Ҳȥˣֻý岻ʶڼУϧڼҲڡ
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֮⣬һͬŽڼϾԹͰԼίʱʱĿʲôû˵Ҳ㹻ļ尾ġ
ûգܲˡ
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һʱһۣ˵ʲôֻǲһʶΪ˼լ򡭡
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Ƿ軹ݶԴʵ̫ĮˣѾġ룬ֻǳԺţͷɣԽѹ֣ƺоܿҪֱ
ĸһߣ΢΢꣺ϧˣҵеС
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һ˶ӵС檣ɵǱǷλȻ룬˵ѾͷζŮˣŹᣬֻһع𣬱ʧǡ
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裺
ȻҪȥ٣Ӳãôȥ
һ仰÷׳ʿľȻǾ鷳ˡ
壬ܲܺã


20 ѧʿ
緽ԣϵȷϷŹò׵ĻᣬϢֱپϲûˡ
Ů˼ֱ޴Ҿȣĸӡ
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¶һ˿ȣ̧°ͣдһ˿⡣۸׵ӣȻΪӵķ
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Ҳֻüһת߶üԣΪ룬ǵǾʵʺҲ˵ˣֱݡ
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Զ˶٣Ҳ֪ǼЦǿЦһֱΪûд֣ڹ֮á


21 
ڱͱ񣬴Ǿ֮׹ں棬Ȼ뷽һ
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Ѿϰ˵ʽʵ߼ȻԸΪλ
ֳĻ߻̧̧Ƥ¶һӵЦ룬һ˴̫ȤϷҸӡĿɨ;ֳ̧Χһָƣһģͦ˼𣿡
Ȼͬһλ˵ĻλǸӣͱˡ
һЩΡ
ھڵߣȻϷ˰پͺú˵
˶ֻ֪ܽ޷ĺӵģֻо
߻Գ˳ǣּ̧Ϊܵرȭ֪ˡ
ЦЦ߹ȻĻֲùԸŮ䡣
һΧ׷¶ȵĿ⣬Щŵؿ·ʣҲãⲻʻţ
йŮ֮߻ӣϾԸ⽫Ů޹ȥ
˵ǣ֮ǰ·˸Ƿӵ߻Ҳ˵۾ƺǳԾĿƵض֡
ˣļȻΧԴǵôû֮𣬳òڣʲôŮ䲻ˣģҲǳӶѣΪҡ
žžžһɨ֮ǰƴЦ˵úãʵø߻ӣߣɵлл磬λһֱϤ࣬黭ͨΪǵһŮҪӣĪ͹һƬġ
߻˲¶˿ϷƵһɨɥüɫƺǳ£ЦضԾüŪۣл硣
ܲλδŮ˭ΪһλͬԺյſ
Χһֱø뻨ʵ꿡ܷ׷׶ðˮ߻ϰţడţ࣡
߻һۣЦĪ£ȴ֮򸸻£ٵɵղŵ
У˵ʲôʲô߻ͷѵܹΪ
ۿţ
խ·ʲô䣬ܵˣŮӽȴܲסˡʱסССش硣
ˣӴү̷ӦԶԣλʲôǰ˵ů͡
Ǿ߰ɡһǰȥ
ѾվýᣬкƤɶñǼͨķĵȥů͵ĵطվһһصĻ棬Եˡ
ֻǸţⲻ˲һ¡
ɣôãźС˺Ѿڹ˵֮ʱѾĬĬվԶ㿴Ҳˡ
Ȼбһֻ֣һסĸ첲Ȼһͽ
̧𾪻δˣȵط־Ȼ߻ӷס


22 
࣬л¡е⣬Է⣬Ͻлʹ½ţŽһȻ£ԷſҲˤˡ
Ȼ߻Ӳûſոˣͷϸŷ衣
豻Ī۾ɻʣ£ѵʲô
ǲĸٰģ
ûͷûԵһ䣬÷һʱˣʲô
Ŷû⣬úܣһܵ˵Ķкӡ˻Ϊ
裺
ӴҲŮޣͦ¡Ƿë˭ΣûԼԵˡ
첲Ȼû
ߵ϶ʱ¶Ϸ˭ҵģ
ո˵˸ϱתͷű˼ҵĹɵ£ûԸ޸㣡
迴Ƿǳ̧һȭΧͬĿ£޿̵˵˭ҵģŮңʹʧˡ
߻һʱһ£Ϊžֻᱻ۸ޣû뵽ݵػ졣
Ŷعͷһ߻ŷ裬æ߹߻ǷǷߵ£Ҷ֮ǰһֱڸδˣЩ
ݻδ˵꣬߻ӶʱȻ򣬡Ŷ֪ˣǸǸʮңһ˽ӣҴͷ
Ҳǣͷһģֱ̧һָָһߣеλ
ֻأǸ鳣
⻰˵ĿʶؼеϣԵЦúεҪҵطȥ
߻һҡͷɷµžͲǸö
ȻһʵǴλ˵ܾʮЦٲĻС
˼Ÿôѣھǰһ䣺ߣʲôϽߣ
ˣˡ߻Ӧһûж֮ǰԷһЦ˵Сӣ岻ãͱˣؼҹԹŶá
迴Цĥĥ˭ӣǣȫҶǣ
ϧǱ߻˵꣬ûٹǴյ˾ߣŹС£һģ
һλ·ϵĵ飬ͷѾЯӭ˳
ֵ֧ܶ˭Ǳ˵ȫҲǷݸ߰ϵףؼ䡣
ż֮ıҲϷף٣˵Ƹ綫ٱɽļ黰
һʱ䣬ڣϲ󣬾ǳλعһ֮󣬾һֱž߻ӣ
һξ֮ǰĳλ˵ûڳµͷ
Ϸ֮Ůбһ㶼÷ֿŮϷһ𣬶бɶ㡣
Ϳ߻žߣﰵ̽λδ޵ҹôߵҪһš
һƥ˵þмܲסܶܲȥ
ɩɩæͿһۡƤЦûΣҾͿһۣԲòã
ָͷָ죬ֹ˭ţ
Ϊӵܷ׷볯Ϊ٣йŮĴңȻҲڳЩӵɫˡ
֪߻Ǹ첻ߵĶû뵽ӵܲߣӡ
Һ磬ûⶫҪһС˵ĺָ֣ôҴöӡ
ôС޸ˣ
ڳΪһŮټŮʱǺ䶯ǣΪ׷Ķ
߻ӳɹ𹫷ˡ
ô˵棬вѫϳ迴˿ɫɫһձһƬ˵Ҳܺ
˾μһϵֻ֣ͷ۵ؿһ
ڡ
棡ͷһŭ
߻ڨЦһ硭
һ徻ô˻ᣬ͸Ͻ˶ˡ

߻ӵƤȳǽ֮ھΣյĿ£Ҳʲô£ǰЦһ£Ҳûʲô뿴аҳôٷ磬һŮͽҲǳԿˣ
ĻΧ˲Ťһ¡
ŭ죬ȢȢͣɵҪҲܳȫ㡣
һ˵߻̧ǰһƣʾˡ
λȥݻһЩгӺʹ㣬깫ӣ뵱ʲõشŵܵһһ£ߡ
ݵǵؿһ۷裬ʮ꣬˵̸ۼ޵Ȼٸ
谲οû£гոţſġ
ǳԲϽҡһ䡣
ףӦˡ
óˣ඼ԸЩͷĿζĳ͢£յýЩԸ⡣
ֻҪܼǵԼٺ䣬ЩҲη壬ǰ˿ĺˮ鿡
ľɪͥԺ⾰ɫʹڶ
ܼͣɰѩѹ֦Զ̺뵣׺÷죬رʺʫ֮⣬壬ͶգҲȤ
͢ҪԶ;ΪɣȻЩṫӸദǢҲռվӣΪۡ
һԶΪīӳ£߾£ҲĹӵܣ֮ܣѩʫѩ÷滭˻ȷš
СûԶĹ룬ӵΪףͶ֣˲裬žƣɺࡣ
ɣ²ԵӵܸԾԾԡ
ҲܵĹϵһƪĴǾѵѩʫȦӣ±Ը𽵹˵ĶӣΪʫɫ
ľнͲѾƺǳΧĿ±ӽ÷һףӦѺϵʫ䣬˹Ե鷨ȻΧޡ
ǫѷĴǣɫͷ۾͸¶Ʋס˷ܡ
Ϊ˽յ磬׼ʫģۣΪ˽մ֣ùۣѾվڶźīˡ
٣񲻽һԵķ衣
ֻλճһԣ¯Ȳ迴Ÿҹ֣Ǿ֮ҲûʲôƷүʲôҪȤֲȤ֮ˣ˴ĸϵȦӶ򲻽Ψһæдͣ˲衣
ĴʵϯͲĿʹŲм
Ǹɵӣѵ˿͵Լ˳úûء
ʧЦҡҡͷ˸־ûʲô˵ġ
ѡطã翿¯ůͣҴ룬ʱʱĻģСţֵ˾֪ЦϣһһĶ䡣
ν֮ԣүǾһ̸۵ЦĵȻʳ¯߻ӻ¡
ϧ߻ӺС㶼ҹǸ˭ը˭˱ԾԹ⣬ǴڶӸǰڱķﰵȡЦĶ
ǳϵķ˵ŰͽᣬΪȴԴȨӵܸǰգҲǹ˼ġ
ߵǳѪ̼ĵַֵһͲԸͲ⹰
⣬ɷûбӶŪȤҪ岻֮뿪ȴһС˵ǰү
ʶǸߵˣ뿴ȥɺ۾ȻףС˴ų߳ˮ鿡


23 Ȱ˵
˼÷, δѩ֦ͷѾ׺СС۰׻ƹ˼÷ԶЩѫ竵, ǰһ˵Сͤͣ¡
޷, ɫֺ, үڴ˴Ե, Ҽүһ
СͤʯѾ, ̿ȡůһʳ¯ðĵģԼ衣
лҪ˵ˣҲ, ֱ, ͤΧ, Դֱ÷
һյĹ, ʹ˽ŲС˿˳һۣڷͷ֮£ձ뿪
Ҿ˵ܲǸֵģϴֺ˻Ϊļ̳ˡ
Ϊ, ֮ǰæµкͬ, ȸҹӰ, ۿҪ÷ֵȡЦ, ۼֿؽ, ڷ, Ͳö¶¶, Ҳˡ
˿ĵݹصģ壬Ӧûϲ
ֻ֣һСŽȻһЦ˵ʲô
߾ί˵׽㣬ֳȴĮԶԣﰵָͱˣ۸ĸףĸء
ô˵貢⣬ӳѩɣӴҲӲСֶΡ
ƽͣһ棬۾ϸüۣǵúĪΪʲôôң
㲻𣿡
ΪʲôҪĹӸǱɣﶼŶ壬ô˵ֻԼ
ȴοұΪҪޱӣȥϺü졣
ҿˡش𣬽ɨһСͤеĲãָƺлҪ˵
̧ϵĲˮһڣŴЦ衣
̧۾˹ȥ΢΢˴
游븸׵̸ᵽѧʿ
֣սĲյƺЩš
游˵ֹˡ
ǷԤϵģ͢ԺֵΪֻеʵʩⰵƺΪʧ
벻һ̾Ƶؿüۣ˵ʢˣŶܲס
ίشͷл磬ʲô취˭ǸϵǶҲ֣۵˵ҧҧ˵ȥˡ
ˣɫһѹ˵裬һ취ԽԸԸһԣ
⻰̧۾һ죺ң
ƶصͷ
ʲô취辪ȼˣڴ޴ʲô֪Ҳʶʲô֮ˣʲôأĪ׽Ūң
㲻ʲô̿ԡ
˲۾

ůУæ֮еÿյĴѰ˻ܵ˵
Ǿ֮ĲģɴҲϵشȨͷһùıȻ㣬Ȼ衣ݣԸһ֮
Ŵͬ˷ĳɣеطĴ˶ó⣬ֱָˣе
ˣ֮Ǹ˵ģ΢ʵʲô
ƺЩݣһһ˵״бѧޣգ񷨣ѹ֮
¶㵣Ŀֱˣܽ㣬㡭
ں߷·𶴲һе£һ̾ݣãҲԸôΪѵ飬룬˵ѵһμõĻһմȨ˽пİѱɾҲˣ
ָʱսˡ
ס֣ܲķԣδѾͽӭţͽңǵȵ˼ɣǻָĹεĴ𣿡
ݺı壬ʲô
еˣϺӾֻϢһ֮䣬ã˭Ҳв衣
û룬ҪС檶ɷΪӴѹӣȷĶǡԳ͢ķʵôܰ⵹𣿡
ҡͷҲ֪ǹү˵мİաѩ֣ǧ͢ȴû֣ϣֻܼУҲ˽е̧ǰĸ߶ȣһ˽п֪Ψף˽֮ˣԳܵġ
ΪҡźΪ͢ǵʿֶˣ׷Ź
ú룬ʵǲԸҲûʲôϾһҲͳ׵ͷˡ
˭ΪһԾģ֪ݶĸ飬Ȱ˵ʱҲΪѡ
ݴ۾̫ͻȻˣܽҺú롣
ҲãݣýվʹңԭǾȰģδ㲻˵
ôС
ףŴ߳ůȻſڵҶ֪ôˣȥơ
Ҷһתȥ

÷µСͤУǼⶳ÷죬һ˫۾ɵôģֿ
Ͽҵ裬ΪԼҲΪ̣úȰȰɣǸûᡣ
ҡһΪѡ
ֻûشߵС˱ҴܹүˣǱˡ
ɫһ㶣ʲô
СżСҲ˵߻ӼżԼȥ룬ŵﻨʧɫҪͶϢλˣ˵ǡҲʹǴ𲻴ӦֱͷҪȥ߻ˣס
һüëֱܼӬѿڶҾ֪׼û£˶һǳһסСʣĶ߻ӣ
ʯߵļɽ£˵߻ӾǶ
̧ͷֱӳ߿˿һѾͳ˹ȥֻû߼ֻͷŷ裬ҪϯˣԼҸů͵ĵطҴ㣬ٺú룬粻Ầ㡣
û˵ɶɵصͷ
һת۾ƹ÷Ӱɼ߻ӵӰж
Χ˲䰲СͤΧ˼ĻЦһ
Ȱͷ
ֹ󣬾ע˺լһ鸾Ϊ߯ô˭ģֱ˲Ű
ֶ֣ΡҪǾԴ򱬣Բ𱳺֧ŵѫҡ
ϧ˲ûԻɲҸжµСүȰȻҲд˵͡
ȻԼﲻǸۣŶСӵĺլˣ֮£ټ϶˺;ѹţҲܸɴܾ
ⳡϯ治粻ԣòһأװʲôġ
һ÷֦Ѿͤӣ˷ǰһۺ졣һ̾ҪȥһǿС
˵СӣӼСӡȻͤӺ洫һϷʵ
ɲǼ䣬֣е˼ҲͻȻˡ
һſѰ¿ȵؿͤµϤףܿȴΪƤЦη÷Ƿ߻ӣ
ү˵ˣֵַػؼȥκ£ô޶֪ˡЦöӼˣ·Ѿڿޱӡ


24 ̽
ô
˵ȥ߼ɽС
ͷڷʹ, 䵽ǣ͵˵
ȸ״˰ɣģȻǲ͵͵һǰһ˽, ֱ׳, һҲ˱ڽǵĲ˼, ˭֪ӼС, ƭֻСӡ
ȻſڱտڳӺܲϲ, ⻰ȴһ򴽣¶˵һֱչ, ˵ЩҲΪҺá
ֱЦ, ָ̧ŷ, ˵, ʲôˣͿһֽ״ܰ⵹Ļȥˣ˵ǹʹ˶֪
ҳԵιôôӲ
ʲôã񱾻ȫ¶, ɾǰүԴ, Ůü, Щ¿ôŶûá˵⻰ʱ, ϵ, С˵־ĸоɿ߼ɽĿִķ, ·͸÷һȺЦС
⵹÷Ϊ, ˼΢˵˵ܵܣýϾĵŮ޸㡣
˵ʣҧȻͼϵĳһǸûٽ͡
費ֻƬоףνѵܹҲֻڱ棬ôŮĻҲûô򵥣߻ƺҲûôֳӲ
뵽̽Ȱ˵׵Ժ󣬷ǰ߻֮̽ġ
£ȢλǵһŮŮ
ԣӢüëһϵĳѵõԼЩ̬ĶĽۣȫµ˶Ȣϲء
飬֪Լ˵ˣЦЦ֮ǣ֮.˪˭ء
ʱЦݣ̧ͷֱŷ裬һԭɵǸˡ
ЦЦΧżȥ£
ûܾûֱӵסͤˣϲסأһžˣɾطΧ˸󣬿ɶ֮ݣȺӣ迴źĽ̲סֵ
һ۾ͤΧһɨڷϣ
ʲô
Īǿ·ʲôǱóƨµ档
߹Сĵؽַſ¶һֻ
辪ؿţǴĶģ
ͤ¼ģȻСүǳԱ˳ŵģû¶͵̸һȻģ
˵Լ͵
ֻСһֻƺף֧ⲻϸǻŵѪȻˤˣطϡҺˤĲأҲ㹻߻ӿλ˲Ѱŷҵ׹Сͤµ񣬲䶳
ϵĸһмǰֽʣıùιˮϧܾӣ޶
ָ˵ԴѵɵҪǻ׷Ⱥ͹ԹԵĳԶүþ͸ҴΣȻͱٿˣ𣿡
Ҫ˻ͳɾˡ
վڱϺϾؿţΪ߻˵ԻϷû뵽ֻԥһ£ϸĸ㡣
˶ʱ⼫ˣЦ֪ôԱֻɵӴˡ
˭ɵӣ
ܲˣ˵¼Ȼ˵Ĳԣĸأ
ݣɷӣҾû֮
ԣʯһ˫ſϣ֮Ů֮󣬷ǵĵط͸ˣźã㣬ˣﻹߡ
趨ؿĿ޲Ȼʣأ
㣿´˷һۣҪþ͸¡
΢ʵôߣ
ӼСӲ˵𣬴ֽ״ȥУˡ
⻰뾭ѵڳҲֻƣΨ²ҵ߻Ӳ˵óϷʵĿǣԼŲûʲô
˭Ҫ水Ĺȥֻ˷ˡ
ȻҲûָǳԱ˷£˵ûٴСëƺȤ
ͻȻһһл£ҲҪ룬뿪Ҫеһжһߣһ붼Щ£ų꣬Դ⳥ܵƭ˺Լʮഺʧ
ëһ٣һػͷ
С˵ģ
ֻ۵ӣŵǵЦݣ԰׵ɫһ֪弫вԽ޺ԽëȻıС
һֱ壬þĿ´ŷ衣
ߵԣ棬΢ָḧֻȻվŴ˵ϰ꣬񣬾¼ȻŮôˣһδȫϡ£ǿϲɺء
ģҾȻˣ߯ôֻƤ𾪡
ȻҲά˴˱˴ˣߵ£⸱ǲķҲ÷ǳȡ
ĥ⻰ڿ佱ҡ˵
գգ۾д֣ˡ
װģ࿴ţͻȻ˹Ц۾ǳǳһЦ
££
Զһ΢ѹź÷ϡܿһ̫ಹӰ
Цͷغһʲôү
Ӵ£ҵˣҹӴ˶Ѿطˣļҵֳֽѵ
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ȿȡɤӣС̫һ̧ͷͼϵķ裬ʱӴһ⣬ôѽ
۾Էȴû̫һ۷裬СѾ֪ʲôˡ
Ȼһ¶޹Ʋϵ
Цˣ˵װҪһ䣬ȴһСһѾ߽
үǳպҶ
һҶʱȻˣҲ̸ˣ
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ʲô£Ҳһֽ״£뵽ԭĴ㡭Ŀȴɵؿ档
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ڲ˼СүС̫Щίǲһ죬ֻܵͷǡ
ֻ滹ûӣһдŴŴдߵ
˵˭
ͻȻЩڲ͵µУԼ죡
ջǲ̫ػͷүæء
ֻЦеعֵɲҴº£ֻ̣֪ⶨ绹ܲճ
Ӵ׻ѽ俴ŵŶ壬һӾ˷֮⡣
΢΢һЦ
룬ȻʵҪ˵ܿأ
̫źˣֻԼ취
е棺ʲô취װοɾ̫ˣү㣬ûôúŪ
ԣյôأҪҲһȥǸŶȥˣýһãģѪƺҲ˵ùȥ
Ƥһ
ŷǸΣ̵ǿܣҲŵôµĺ£ֻܸ˵ؽСȢؼˡ
źھΣһ仰Եһ˿ֻ
ĥĥЦвѽɵã˷ǳǳ𡣡˭֪߻ӱֶδŪˣȴܶˡ
գգ۾ӣίֺαضأȥС㣬Ϊλǵŭͻ𣿡
˵ϸ棬̾Եµΰýݵ֣ؽȺ޸֮ں֮ſ׾ٵ£ʱײɷ𣬻²ͻ𣿡
ǰ·С̫Բ۾ָŷ迴棬ŵ£⣬ô֪
Ȼ֪װģأôһ˵ʵˣһۣͷһ߻˵뷨
С̫һĵЦݡ
С̫ʱ·߲˵ˡ
ΧŷһȦг̾氡棬ڼʯĳȴһʱϣƤʲôÿģӦСӰ
ԣĲԼ𣿺ò׳һι˹ǣ˱ߡ
뵽ˣֱү޷ˣ£ͱߣĿĴﵽʹô࣬ϯ滹տﲻǵøһش𣿡
Ưŵƭңֻһʲô˼ˣЩǱ̧ŻȥǵԹôֵŭԹɱû˳µؽ߳ǣ۲Ĳأ
棺ô֪
۾һ䣬һЦµġ
һǹ
װģȥÿˣ˱ϻ÷֦ߵǰ£ҰɣõõҵĵطǺòã߸磿˵꽫÷֦ڴ
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ƺһſ˺ڣ˺죬̣ɫĺòʣ÷֦ҲǣҲǡ
ֻ³֣˻ı£ʰ·硣
ƤԿɰӣüЦøƵģҺõˣҲƵģô˵ǴӦˣ
Ӧʲôˣ
񿴹һؿŷ裬еذ÷֦ܾ֮Сһӣ
ϸĥŻòԼҲûԿΪʹôɵģܰ׵һ顣ȻһУүܰʲôûŪ
֪𣿡
Ȼûע񣬵ǴĻпԿҲǸֶڱСɫǸļƸܸǰķȡ
ЦȲȣû
ش治þͳТĲТӣð
£ٲߣЩӸǾ͵ɢˡʱߵС̫һ
鲻ˣͲپᣬôŰɣǰɣүסˡ
֣ף߸ȫʤֻСҾͰտˡ
ؿ˷һۣһȻ˦磬ˡ
迴ıӰʧʼ磬תͷŵһԵҶͳյߣҶùãȥգ㽫ֻҸװϡ
Ҷ
գǡ
ȫĿ÷һĻˣֻݡ
ǿȫǶߵ߻ӰǼүˣ


25 
ݼķʱ, ǽüɣæǰ꺮ůôӿɻԵ
ԶŮڵС·ϼݵ, ĸϵĳ, ЦЦ˵ĻеΪˣ
ǰ, ݲδҶϸ˵Ե, û뵽Ȼµ, ȵʣô֪
Ҳˡ
軰£ݳҧʲôҲ̫ˣ
ȷ, ǲǲ֪Ӽ, , ¶ƭ, Ȼ֣δ
Ƿ˼ͨ͸г㣬ƴӵȰݴӦ
Ʋ˲ݵֶβ̸˵ôģﲢĿлܰ⵹, Ҳδɡ
ҡͷ, е, ͵ñ׼, ³Ϊ, ҲǸȫˡ, ˵, ֻҪ͢õõвᵹġ
ҲǣǷžﰵʾãͬϯԾܾ
Ӧǵûеɽ
谲οûϵ͹˲ˡ
һ㶣ô˵
뵽Ƕ⣬ʱЦĵţܿǾܻȥ
ٽϯбŮͣʼһ׼ǰ
кͶߣϵǳܾò岻κλ·𱻿ˣ֪ǳܣȻֱֲʣֻܰԾᣬοԼΧ̫࣬ʦҲƫ̻
ڣڶǰʫҲΧޣϢֲźĵûа״
Ѿ뾰Ͷǰϯ棬ƺƵȺ˵Цȥ
ȻͻȻһҴҵӰԶд󺰣ˣү߻ӣ߻ӽҹӣӣ¹ӡȫӽˡ
˵߰Χ˲䰲
Ц⣬عͷ·һһηʣ˵ʲô
ŵߵСˣһ߼ţһ߻ش𣺡߻λִȻͣ½һȥˣϻ̴žš
ˣֱĿֻ࣬˶ò˼飬
ûܶˡ
ٿѾȫ֣һҧŭȵ·
ŮߵϢ΢һЩܿůб˳
ݻȥʱ򣬾ͼϷ˴һģҡҡ׹˲һѣҪԵˡ
ֻϷˣСÿһλӵĸĸ׶һվסصֵܼıһײײ˳ȥ
ô֮󣬻ͷ𾪵ؿ裬ֱ̯̯֣޹һЦĵ߻֮Ȼ鴫
һƱù
ˣȥ̫ҽó̰ؼʱ̣Ϸȵסˣأ𣿱˺
̰ȥ˴ű¸Ϲȥæͷ亹ֱŲմء
һ뵽Ļ£Ҳ˲ݣȥ
ǻ˶ǡö
˭֪߻ĶĶͱ밲
ڿʱѾһӰСĽλڣû뵽ǳ¡
˵ŭǼٵģɵؿλµɫѾڵܵī֭ˡ
ô£ΪͻȻλӹȥûȻǺúõģû֣֮ܵûôأһߣһʻ֮ж˼ɺ档
Сһǰ·һ߻شСҲֻ֪λӴһȥ߻ӣ˵Ҫһѵð߻ӣ㱻һһ˺ҼүסҲȥˣСү
ͷ۵ʲôŭ
֮вһ˿ֻϾֵܳͷģҲֻ׮¡
ϱͲԸ⣬ˣ»û׾ѾȽ»ɲأ
ôģþԱּɡ
˼Ҵҵߣһ󾪺Уһ͵˺ߣڵѾΧļҶˣڰսս綳ɫףе˹ȥտ
Ҳȫʪ͸ðźôѫӵȥȥȶ˵ȥֻǲݷߺ޵ضŰߵ棬˻أŽţ⡣
һĸ
ߣ㱾¾͸ǰУ˭ǵĹӣСүһֶֻſ£Ӱɣ
ָ˱ȣ֮൱ˡ
ǣҵѾͷ޾ͱޣΪСүϡӼסˣ¿ңëˣÿ
ʲôĺſ£Ǿث֣
һ䣬ⲻ˵˴̶һӴ͸ΧͿ޺ǰһƬǽ壬ֱþɫڳɹף޿̵غ桪
λ̫ҽҴҵشߵ˹ڱĺˮһϴλѾٵر̧ȥů
֮ǰ.Ŀ⿴ñǣ̹д
ߣʲôŭ
Ȼ˻ƤЦͼɻص߻ȴһ˵ܴǱˡ
˵ʲôԼˣ㻹֪ʲô𣬶˵Ĵ٣ǵȨʶּʹֳͣ𣿡
ֱ֪﾿ʲôȻܺ£ֻ鷳ĵܵܡ
յΪףԼǾһϵֻ⼸ֵ֧ѫ󣬾һһ԰һ뵽ͷˡ
Ҫ˵
ȻϲŮΪ˶Դֵܣ֪֪ھȢҲȢˣɸֵ
ڣһֱĬ濪ˣȴޣһȢأϡ
Ķͷʱš˾֣õĽҪ
СΪҾĽĹҪϴõģ˭ֵҪϻҪĶ鳣
뵽ŭ˵ѵȢС𣬽ܲھǶδ֪Ըʵŭɣ֮£Ҳܱ֤ܽǰ㣡
һǺܿʼ磬һ¿ˮ̵ν
㡭ö˵ͷðɣÿζ˻ƨɾˣʰ̯ӣ
ݺݵ˦һӣһתͿͶΪףڶѫݿ
ۺŭ£²ܾôˣ
*
˵绹ûʼ߻ӵһ֮һһ뿪Ȼ˹ע¡
֮ǰܷ˻п˼䣬ûдӦˡ
ڴǳ粨ƽʵ߻
ɲҵ¡æƲϵ
ô߻ߵһ
ͤ£ЦֻǸ⣬ˣգ
⺰һտ˳ţһԴү
ҵֻСأ
˵ŵ˸ӽ滹һ鵲Ĳϣƿ˿Сٵţֱ˳ůϸëһЩ
ҶˣүǴĶģݶź档
λߵҵģʱˡָСɫëЦϵʲô𣿡
ͷһףҺ֣㲿СȸƣҶǰͷ̰ɡ
𣿡
ԳӣӺ͹ҲɣڸǷϱߣֻСŷɲˤˡŮϲЩС˵ϧ
ȥ֮ҸȻ߻ӵʧݷԸ
˷ġ
飬ֻǰգѾ¶ƣ̬;⣬ʹڽͷůָ֣ɱ
ȥ֮ҲЩЪϢɡݹе
˵ͷЦá
һУ²ؽԼʫõӵĿأֱͷ
߻Ӵһܸ˵˵׼סҡϧ
ȻȴοҹȻûпҶǰ;Ѿĺܺã㽫Уܷˡ
۾һæģһʧСĵ˵Ǵ磬̫ˡ
˰֣ùСӣϲ̨档
һ뵽ݶüҲͰˣȻڲ̨ѿһŮˡ취


26 
ԭôôͻ, һ߻£ʱ
ӴŹʣöʶ, ϲüͷ, Ϣ, ȻҶȥǶԵ, , СأһĹƧʲô֣
Ų豭ƳƳ, , ǲ֪, ڻ, ƨɸһŲŲһ£ȫýҪƵģ˭˶ӻ˵ǶӣӴүû˵һֱһ, ı߶, ˴Ȥ, Լ, ·ᶼ
Цһ, , ˭ҪΧ, üռ˸ҵλôӱȲҶӣ͵䡣
ݣȻڳһ仰һȻظϡ
żֱϲѣŹ⣺ģô˵
ţշڴ֮ͥ£ֱӲӣõѿѣĲضزס
һȦ˷ܣעŷˣǵĻᡣ
ǳָʲôʶսȭͷ
ȻӣЩүǳȡЦͱĵĿ⣬âڱܣΪ˽͵ܵƽĴ
ҲǵӣǲǾֱ׳
뵽Ǹô
ڶ죬Ժһܻӭķÿ͡
*
ܲϲ񣬿˵ǳų⡣
Ͼӵг˵꣬ϲԣϾ˵ĳ޴ѡͷεݣϵĴְ𻮷һЩɺޡ
ֻ⣬ȻĴݵʹһ֣Էϣ뿪֮ǰþˮˮҪֱ
ϧˣһСˡ
ʱڴǰǰͷǿô˹ǣһʱѾıˣʱܷɣڼҲ
С׽ʳŽģʣ˵ӻǵ𣿡仰˵ǵ
棬費ЦĵôһִܵóԸˡ
۷費ǰٵΨһջ񣬴žƥĺ
Сͤ͵ǳģ֮Ȱôһ仰÷øУɵαװԺԲơ
ԷŻС̻̽¶һԼƣչֳΪסԱݺ룬ĸ뿪֮ǰӴ
ǲ֪ԸԸᡣ
鲻˳ȥĺ˺䶯иϢ
ϧϢûյȴȵȵ˲ˡ
Ͼ̫үˡ
*
ڻ۾ϸŷ
նĶݽӴλܵҰĲСڣһԶ߸߷ɵķ貢⣬ҪǱQԼǰ͹ˡ
յķǾĴģһƽеۣʵȴӷףһ߼䣬һβٿԾһһֻң徫·㡣
СֱۣӸεӣԵ÷棬Ũֱһɴҹӷ緶
Ĵ磬ʶĿϲķ迴ˡԺͬ飬Ѿ߻Сˣûһкɫ
û⣬ִȣ̧Ա׼ʽ΢Ц磬ôգŹ̽ʵãҪ
貢ûнⷬףˮһڣ̵ʵ㲻áһû뵽ôֱףȴ˵ȻˣǾɡ
ǰǾ䣬صлȻָСʳУЦ磬뿪磬Ҳʲô˵֪ϲã˵¥ĸжӣʳ¯ĹҪ
⻰ûʲôףǷȴʣǵ˵ģ
Цݲ䣺ǰ˵Ȱöɳ
ʱøĪ
ϾޱүǼǴˣҼүζ嵭Ķ¥ĸ㶼ƫ𣬶ɳܵ
⡭ۣȵһ治֪ҵȷʹ˵ôɴҵĿζͬϲš˵꣬յһԼţ¶Ǹ⣬ԭǵǴˣǶԲס
ӵĿζǵεģ˵ӣԭָĬĬѹȥˡ
΢΢𴽽ǣе˼˵޷Ҳ⡣
ƺһûϸѯʴĿζų˴˵Һó˸㣬һ׼ȻǴϲġ
һгģüƺµʲôζұضϲģ
ǡЦ˵Ҳϰ徭ãǶеļע裬Щƾ֮ʱϰҴ棬Ȼģ硣һҲǵĴȻҲġ֣һͬƷ
׼ȥʳеĽŲһ٣һŭĵŷ΢Ц޲ʳȥ
Ȼշİݷãǳ⣬ǹѵģ
գϾҲһŭݣ˶óжķ衭ĵزɻһү
ȻԷ費䲻ȣźǳԼүжĽףжڴõϲƽֻҪòأضŬϰ֣׷׵ĽŲ
ڷ˺ͺүĿɳ𣬷ʧָ鲻ʧ
ΪˮԸˣȴû뵽ͻȻһ׾ٵصõɼĳ谮סǺӵĿζὫص鼮룬ΪдΪĸӣ˺ӵģ
˲𣬲ȥҲͰգȴɶӳ˺Ͼ·˶Էĵ˺塣
ȭͷˣȻĿŵ۸үڶ£
үϾһѯҪҪ֣
ͦͦظߣӣʾ
ȻȴЦ͵͵Цʾã鲢һ˿
񶼸е⣬ĿŮѾϵСϾҪ֣ȴû뵽ѹķȻЦ
ĪʣЦʲô
ЦΪ˯ˣ˵ͷŴǣų̧һ
ֻýߣӸֹ
⻰ģɣ񲻽ü˼ˡСܲ
޷յļý֪ͣԼ˭ˣҲʡҵ鷳ЦţϧЦⲻ۵ף׹⣬âž棬ǧȣû뵽ֻ뵽ӣʵʧ
񱻿ŲЩëЩҲĵײ
Էûû죬ź۸ĺܣɲ֪ΪΣڸ޶ҵĸо
һʱ䷽֪ҪҪˡ
ݵĳĬ󣬷ûӦ̲ס˸Ƿ˵ᣬҶ֮ǰȥɣСҴ˴ձ㵱㲻ô
û˵սȡ
ȻϾҪƾ٣Ǿͺúö飬߰մǡʵⶫԽںԽƣ
ôؿ
ʥĸʵǶԷֻǸʮ꣬ôװʿվֶۣҲδ졣ΪˣøһĻᣬȰ
ԣ𣿡
Ϊ㱾ǵӣܲΪӵʹָ࣬ھͷ˰ס
ҧҧ¶˵ʲôݣ߸ϵعȰ飬Ǹպñһ꣬ôӷ˶һģԼˣ
뵽񰵳ȴǿЦҿǲܣð˴硣˵Աߵĸ߼Ů˲յȻˣغյ裬ԭԺֵԵͬЭ
˵ţŲ˷衣
˲䣬ߵˡ


27 
ͬѪ, ΪŮһϵճĻһȣΪƲϵĲ࣬۽͸֡
˵̸֮, ۶ŮӰ, ׾ԱȲĸס
³ŵ, ɶ˵Ҿ, Ƶ, Ȼķ㿴ģһ湫ӷ緶ҲӲСİ޹ֶ̲Ρ
շһУսʱ, ͥԺһģһ
İŷĿ˹, ̲סü, 䣺ҲȲ, ֻˮ
Ǿӹյ裬㲻ˡĽŲδֱֱͣǰȥ
̧ͷޱؾôĵⱭ˳У۶ӣǾ䡣򡭡öԷóԸ
񰡷
Ͼͳյ۾ҲһͬضŷĲ, һ, Ѿ, յֻа˷, ƽ, ̨, ô, һ΢עôŶ˻ˡ
һһȵķ˷ĸǰȴ˲ˡ
Ƿ·𲻾㵹˲䣬үСģϾǳ֣һ˻ס裬һֱӽһơ
һƣƳ˲յطԼһʹƺߡ
үС˴ųһѽڵϵķֻıƣѪȴǺɲɸպðϣƤ⡣
С̾үѪˣģ⡭⡭۾һ죬תͷͶűķŭүҼүһƬģŶģǾѡ͵׽һʱðԸԭҲգȴǶˣҪˣ֣ǺãүǲǿҼүã
žһμеĻ·һλеС˿ڲԡ
ôһƨϹʲô۾ĶóǸʲôɫһžʹŻ⣬ҼүǲǾ˵˲ȣһװʲô޹ίʲôӾʲôūţߵڰף˵Ϲıµһ
ƲãϾһһվڷǰһš
Ѫˣ
Ѫˣޣźүϲ֪ԼＸˣΪӻῴ㰡ЦˣЩ˾Ƕ͹ҡβͣӿأ
ǸڷߵģԽǰĵģ˸ţ⻰ֱӲ˷ʹϣҲβĿ⣬¶ߺ
ϧ⻹ռĸס
֪˭ҲڣȻػģ۸ҼүƣСľ˼ţϹ˲ܿаɡ
ҼүҶҪߺү
СôӵվҪն֣һ̵ڵϴСеذ
ϾģüͷŹίķүǶˣͲ֪ܣֳСˣĪ䣬װίȥүǰߣ벻̨ıк𣿡
ֱԷĸһԼһЧһʹϲȡ
뿴ɫϧǰĲֲ
үģ㡣ջͷһ䣬תȥŭĿӡ
裺ǣ뿴֣΢㷢ӿռвУ
Сڶҡҡ׹ɫ԰׵ķ޺үСľ˵ˣҪ˺ʹүжֻ裬ǲ˵ʲôֵ㣬񿴰ɣԺ¶үԼúүϲòۣͰϡ
˵һ仰Ų㣡һѾסС˵½󣬸
ס֡Ƿͷһͬ
үջعͷЩ⡣
ֻվְ̧˰ڣ֣ãҶˡ
ЩίһɣС˵ϣȻԱŲһ
˵֣дŵıߣ·ܵ˼裬˵һ磬һӺòˣҶչˣ֧鹡һֱŵĽ̻壬֪㲻ϲңҲͬ׽ԭһԸ
Ҽүڣֵõ֧ŻϾһڡ
ڣҲů¯֡ů¯ӻȡһŷƱ⣬ȴŭ˻һߵݸϾȻһס˷˵̧ǰ۾ȥϸ˿ڣԺҵˣĵĻͲ˵ˡΪ˷־ˣǸǲ̫Щ
۾һ˵ʲô
Ц˵һٶûＤңϧԲߣǳ׼˵ƫģ᲻׵ؽ˺ͷϣڼ𣿡
ûС̷ϣҲʼ
ûУδ˵Լ˳Ʒſ֣Լϲ˲ƺΪҲУûУϽҶȫ㡣
Էе֪ʵǴġ岻ã˼У᲻زã۸ĺܡǣǰķ裬еȫһ
䣬תϾǶûů¯ɫΪڵǰø״õطӣ硭ô
ƮƮһ仰÷ͫȻһŲʶһ
ϣϵˮһȥȥģȻǹһӵĻȣóԸ֮󣬿ɱ̫лңõܵܡϣȷͷӦȵš
ҲſܣȻԺȫǷˣûܵſڣҶͽǸ˻Źӣһѹţɷ߽
裬ңƣͻȻˣΪƾӣÿޱӣ˽ʹȥûȵȻҹŹ
ˣŹģɫغ
Ȼô֧ԴÿɵһҲ֪Ϊ̫˿ƾٲŲӣҪҲ˲Уһϵķ㿴᲻ͷң
˶סˣɫ˲Ұף嶼
Ͼ¶һˮһڣȻ÷˼Ŀ⿴Ųˣʣ˵Ķţңͼ֮󣬻ػȥѵ۸
׵ûȥţԹԵؼβˣҵĵϴ̫
Ѿ˽͸ѹסˣֱ̧Ӷϥصشȥ

ҽͨعأʹ˲佫ϥǸˣżҶڳ˫ֱַһĭĦȭƣֻȷһ¾Ͷ֣ýзŵıʹʹطй
ͷ亹۵Ҳŵģɫغ裬㲻ôҲưոݵģ
ûѧԣƤȼˣûϵھͽ̽ôˡ
ˣھ¼ˣ̲ס磬ҴˣңҲˡ
һԵСĶзŵţųˣֱޡ
Ȼȴü
ն˵˰ײֱӶסǵ졣
Ա߹صݱ첻µزµӣΪĶӣѵΪֻ޺𣿵ȷʵеĿ־弸ʵʡ
ʹ£ధֺڽյǡ
ȻһжˣֻĵһҲϲˣôˣֱӴɣһ˰ˡ
ǣ
䣬һɶȴСŵʧ۾һգֱ˹ȥϾֻʮ꣬ﾭܵסĿš
һڣýһߣûӦͷʵүô죿
ӶؿһۣǶȥѵҵĵط
ϾЩǣҪںүǰͼӴףڮүҲ֪˺ž÷
ô죬ŪŪУЦʵ
Ͼ뵽շ˲ͦŵΣҵġүǲģūǡ
裺Ĺʶˡ
ӣվԺ꣬δˣŻŻˡֻҪûû֮ˣʱ᳤ܻԲ
˼֮УȻһݵǰȴǷҵ壬ڷק֮У
ү
轫öˮϸ̾˵Ƭ˳·ȻΣƿԾ֮ࡣ
ö
ˣôֵǮ
ϸˣӡȥĶģ
ǣ
һЦϵȥʱֻ


28 
֪µʱ, Ѿ˵ϼʺ, ȥĶ, Ҳ˹ȥ
ʱ, , ·õ˺ѷεĿ޺, ҲҴҵظ˻ûã㴫ŭ
ߣ迴ĥ, εûԿ, Ѿѵ, ʵڲٷġ
ôܽзģŭ, Щ£Ǽļ֣ȥˣҲͰˣȻҴ⣡
ۣ˭ġ
һӳѩǼ˳⣬ԼһеŮ, ŶҲּ֮, , ʵʲǿڶ
˵˵ԽԽ, ոһ㡣
ˡ
ȥ, Һú, ױ˵۸, ۸ˣ
ǣˣӦ£ȻͦŴˡ
ȥֱһ죬ȫްɡĳ̶ֳ˵ҲҪĽ
ʱݲųĿ裬ǵû°ɣ
Īʲô£
ֹЩ˵ģȥ
ţҲġ
û£ȷһʡ
ҡͷʧЦû£ѵ㻹ڴҶԵһ˿øظڵġ
ԭʮĽ׷棬ְֺޣԲֻ
ﻹסĶҹ¾͸óˡ
һû뵽磬Ȼ˼ԴִԸֲ⣬õģھլӣһֱ˴ֻ뵽գЩ˼Եľ֣ѵȥʣ
ǷĴƣ˾Ѿܿˣһ䡭
ѵﻹõֹЦҡͷˣֻԼġϲ޿֣Ϊֶ׾ӵǳЧ
̾˵ⱲӾͰ׻ˡ
ΪȻ
żԲӣֱӵ޳һ񣬱˵˾סϣ̧־Ķ⡣
˶𾪵ػزֱϼŷ߶ŭȵס֣
ΪݵѾߣҲǴǹĹȥϰϲҶԳºӡǶѪֶݵĻɢЩˡ
Ҷ˲δޣһֱ磬һ赱Դ˴ŭɶҲҧ
Ƿۣԭеӣ²ֻǵһѪô򵥣ĸӣֱ
˵ˣٸҴү⣬׼ùײģһһС˰ɣ
ֱҪ裬ָŷʲôڱǰ֣˸£
ĸŻѾˣȵŷɾȥǻزŭɶֻģΪѡ
òײȰס˺һ£û뵽ûֳͣ¶ֻ﷢࣬Ȱ˵Ļү侲Ƿ˵棬ܶ
̧һžϣ۾ɺ죺ūţ㾿ıߵģ
ĸӴһڵأĿڰͰүСһжΪ˷㣬Ȼˣ²ֻôˣ
ˣĶڣ
һͣȴһЦ¶ʱðɣȫޣĴŹܵܣݻˣ㲻֣
֪ߵڰףЦһͶ˵ֱ̧°ͣȻ塣
ĸýֺͷ붼˵ļ֮£ͻȻһ
ʶػͷͿ˿ѾȫͣѪƮٻҡҡ׹ۿžҪιȥ
ѩҲ˲÷㣬æǰһסˣż죬Ҵ򣡡һ
ĸΧӵߣϽԷȰҵĹŶ߰ɣ
̬㿴εŮһڣĸһۣ˵۲ۣ˵꣬ĸشʹ뿪ˡ
ĸֻʣһ̾
Ÿտ귽պøƣһ䣬ֻô˼檵ģû»Ϲڡ
ϲñתѣŴߵˣ䱻Ŀдˣݲԣһ˫۾ž㹻еί;
ˣҲ޷ܣŭչһǣŮ˼ֱˣѩģȥҲҪ룬Ҫޣޣ
ûݷһ˵ĳϸӶɷӵʱѡޡ
ϵ˹â
ͻȻֵٰ̫
ϢԺݺͷ賤³һĸӱ˴˵пЦĸ֡
Ըܷһˡ
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ҹ˶ëѩñܷסǰ·ۣո˵
ͻȻܵ߸̤ѩ֮˽ǣסͬһ£˦ĳɵڷ졣
šһ֫أǣѩžװСңңǰ΢ƹ⣬̧֡
ʮƥͬһһͣ¡
㣿
ǰ𣿡
ƥⲽǰλŮӡ
гǰ΢ĵƻش𣺡Ѿˣѩһʱ²꣬·ƣ˾벻ЪϢһߡ
ǻܼ֣뾩ѾԶˣټӰѾСùúСܣҲ÷ġϡƵ
δѩҲͷôѩɳŹرʲô㣬߰ɣСô֪ô۸أǺȥ
˵¶һ˿ϷʵЦ
гʱЦãƤ޷ѵ÷Ҳܵסһ·ŵѾˣôҲһЩ
ڷѩ˵ѣİһͱѩˡ
δѩԻͷһֻһ䣬ǿ¶ŲɫûʲôЧλȻ߽üоһظ·û޸֮СѾˡ
Ҵѩҹʵ̫ˣүҲֲסҡҡ׹
δѩˣʱӲ֪Ͳˡ
޹ؽҪ游ָҪġѹмĽҲߣеĵޱ˵
ΪͬĽ˵öԣùú룬ױɵúúܱǶԹŮ游˵ˣҪһһ嶨װף
ǰǰ˫̥һͬͷ˵ı¿ˡ
ԭͷֲ˭˭ҹѩһ
гһһͷЩֱԳ㽫֮ˣ͵ǣؼһʱʱ֮ٳ
ǣ
֮£뻮һ޷ϻ


29 ư
Ӣ, ڹϱС轻ԵĹŮͿĨ쵤ԶԶȥ˵Ľι, Ȼʵʮ, ų.˵ķģһϮĹװ, ԵӺݻ, ֻöׯ欣Ʋ۾
Ů, ֻд˳Ļʵ۲ӵˡ
ܿ죬ɽԶĽŲ, ۾ͷһԼ, ŮͿһָ̧һӣеĹŮٵȥֻüǷǷ
ĸվǰ, ֹ̧
û, վб, ̬, ԱĸŴĸͶĸ, ޵ͷʹ
ĸˡε
ЦЦ, ĸ˵ͷں, ˫˫˷纮, ԴСǲ޲, żֱһͷŶ, Żټȥ, ͵óҵȥˡ
üͷüСӣǲʶ̧٣ֳҲա
СĲòңĹж˭Ȣ̫࣬ҶϼףָΪȴû뵽ֱûˡ
ôһ˵˼ĸ˼ģ
ѽľֱӶŪҽȲȢС˭ôǰôɴôûзִ硣
ĿֱˣѲ֪ˣ
Լʺָףû˵
룬ҡͷܣ游ﻹصһҲŲô֪Ҳ游ѾھǣһֱסڹУǵƤ£нӴǲܲ
ʣ֮٣νͣ
̾ʹˣ˵˽µС񣬿ӻӷȴǵ棬ἰˡŵɡ
ĸý㡣
ǶʮǰĹǳţ۵㣬Ҳ޷̵ʹԻʼҵľηû˸ҵἰȻʢһʱңŭӻӷȴɻ䣬Ҳ֪ж
֪֮ҲͲѲ²Ϊڴ˻֮κε֮ģɷһ䣺ˡ
˭һġ
ᵽɣ۵üЦǲǹģԾ֪ˡ
ôԣ
Сԭ᲻ãޱ㲻ˣ˾ǣôܻкʵġҪǴ󲮸ֻһ϶ԹҲСӡ
ͷĸˡЦƻ󸸻Ѿͷˣٸ£ֱǸܵС
˾ǰ̧üۣ۵˵ԭǺģİǲ֣ƺǾͱˡ
ȻѾĸûзԣһ£֧ҵĸҲ΢ʣرǶ˵ĴپȻôˣǻ˭ʲѾ˸ǰ뿪ǡ
Ҳã۲Ĳֵˣ˵Ҫ״𣬿еͨ
ûõ׼СӸˣҪǣȥһ߱ǡ
ɹ
ڱĵשϣֱͦ
ҹЩ谵ӳڵһȦȦӰͷݡ
ϣεĻʵͷޣݵѿЩήң·ĺܣ۾ȴؿŵϹŵĶӡ
ֱԽԽ޷ˣʲô
ͳϣȴûκ¶ȣѾϰˣվɵͷĬԶԡǹЦĻȣ˵ǿɶˡ
˳۾΢Уô˻֪װȣ͢һ޸״ʼҵ涼㶪!
̧ͷʣʼһֶ𣿡˳۱վ̫һζĿ⣬Ǹ㣬òƯ꣬˿ü仹ȴһ˿컕iôһ
ͻȻϴһŭȣͷαصһģ
ذ˻ȥʼ磬ؾصعáֹ˳̬û˳ϢŭΪÿһδ涼ģ
¿ˮ̣ŸһЩ´λҪ뵽˳۸˲֪ڣĿˣ֪Ͳ㣡
⻰ȭͷʶս
ô㻹ʴȣڣ
Цˣϵʣôûֱأ
žһյֱĽűߣ˲仮ֱ
˳۴ʣ˵ʲô
ͷ˿Ѫ˿ڣ·ûоʹ
ٸ˵һ飡ȿȡƺ˵̫һû˳ȥ˳۱һһŪԵСֻ̫š
һ̫ææܽѽϢŭôԼˡλǷ̵߳õă̴ܹܣغŸʲô죬ϵˮ
С̫ƺãϻȣòˮˣݵ˳ǰһˮȥ˳۴ִ˼£ڻɫ죬ۺŭТĶ޲ˣȻھǣǾ͸޹
ˣ̧ͷдŲš
˳Цһˣղ첻Ǻ𣿡
۾
˳ĶӺܶ࣬סĳȴֻĸΪӵģĬ΢΢Ż֪ˣ
Ȼȴ̧ͷʣܹ𣿡
˳۶ʱһͣűŭغһ
شӵȽؾ͹ˣ˳һҲǣҲǡ
ϣһߣغʵ۱۾ؿֱ޺һⲻ֪ôĶ
غȰοߵ»С¡
ʮˣ£
ⲻǻûغڨЦһ˵С̫һۣûˣȥЪŰɡ
С̫ഹ˴۾ϸǡ
ſڣ滹ûԶһûһµ̨ױߵӣС̫ζϿ
С̫˶㣬ȴסˣʲôģʲô
С̫ͷش𣺡أ£ϴСԪ˵֣źģġ
ԭʲô
С̫ʶ̧ͷ㶡
ϴŲͷǵˣ
ԪԪ磬Ԫ硣
ʲôʱĹ
һǰ
ˣ
С̫¶ѿƺԸ֡
֪غϲĸɵȱ¡һС̫һ۵ͲǶˣһ·߾ˡ
˵꣬ת˰ףԶȥ
Ȼûɻ飬ȴСˣ˵δסڹУȫںȽڵ˵أڹðլӣֻҪ˳۲޿̣ƽϣûعסš
լӲ⻹Ǿ͵ģյ̹ȻˣȴѾ̻߰˰ˣһ٣һֻ۾ưûȥ
ư͹¿꣬޶ŮֹֿŲͷڸʹɨ
ư鷿ýʣһֻ۾Ŷȵ棬ѾʵͽֻµĲɣܿѺļ͡
ɳ˵ϼȻô˵Ѿ뿪ǣͿԷַˡ
˵ܷĶ°ʡ
ư͵ԿͼֻҪǻ֮أпܡ
ζ٣ճ٣򻹼ѣΪ°յӶãܺõĶȥԶûھÿ
ҵӿµüˣ͢󳼵ٺǷĸҰӡ
ư͵һЦ޷ȱЩҪԶǷǣ躹ޡ
˵
עҪڸ󣬿Ҫȴûôףһȫӣʱ򣬳ֻ͢ʣܾˡ
صͷǱ¾͵ְɡһɣƸǡ
΢΢һӣĹּ۾Щֲ
˵ϵĻ¶ȻɲˣҲģ¾ѡ
ҶҪˣĸӻģ濴ưͣȻʵ˵游ʲôôҪ
ǡưͻû˵꣬Ȼһƴʱæӣס壬ô
ǰһƬģ·֪˶ãвŽ澪ŵı飬һץס𣬱̫ҽ
㶼ˣ
ˡư˻˻ЦúúûţЩ˵³Сˣ˻ɡ
ȭͷưͽ䷺׵ָһһش򿪣µǰϵĵ̣أ
һ涼ҡ
̫ˣزסġ
潫ưͷӣ˵ȢҲûʲôɾС鷳鷳޾ǵһݣ壬𣿡
ưҡҡͷʾޡ
ҾȻûУȻСϣûеĿտԴҲ鷳¡°ͣҡ


30 ǰϦ
ʱ, ŮһޣԷΪңֻ֮ܳΪ, Ǳ, ޼ҿɹġǷ²ˡĹһ˲ԼýȢӡ˽ǲ˵, Ҳһ
ϵ覴ö˵ʹ, ˶ӶݣȽ, Ǽ˵ݣ˸ø, ³ֻң
ĸ󸾻һŮཻ, ˵һ仰ӻ֮㣿ŷ裬Ҳ˱ӣڽ̳Ȩ
֪һܽЩ, һֱ, Ůʹعǰ, ˡ, ĥ, ֻҪһ뵽Щ, ʮѹֶ·ѿ, һضŤĿС
Լ, ¶Էô, Ҳһݺݽ˦ϡ
, , ˶ѾˣվҪöףԺȴɺ޶
˵ݵӰӣǷ趼ûȰ˵һҪĸ׸ˣȻ޶ԣѵһҲûĸף
ģ
ôһ㷴ӦûУ
÷˼վüΣ˼֮䷴Ū
ںȱ˲ˮ֮ȥ
ݺͷԲǺ޷Ӧ˿֤֤
ױȱʧĶūѾһһгЩ֮ǰ⣬û˾ûˣⲻ֪Ѿģ͵컻ա
ݸǰź򣬱Ǵ˲Щȥ
ȻأǶ˵̣һһֻʲôм¼Ǽ˴ʱ͵ūҲҵˣѾ˴ˡ
Ըпˡ
ҡͷʲôҲͰˣޣֱдαƤһһūǲģ
Цŵһյ裺ַģǱȻġ˵ݣܷ˿лţԸ𣿡
˵һϷ֪ȰѫмλķһͬǰΪƴ󡣡
ò٣Щɻ֮˸Ǻ޲ñ֮һޣȴֱʵ˳޵˼ʦǳ֮УЧȻһֽ״úܶࡣ
ɵӣô᣿
뵽ﲻԼ˳ᢵĶ̲סʵ˵пܰ⵹𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵Ŀǰ˾֮УǶռϷ壬ڸ֮ʵѾɵˡ˵ʿ֮еѾﵽǰδеĸ߶ȣ־֮ʿΪܸܳĳ͢ϣ
ݵͷν踺ؿాʮأǹδ䡣
ôߵۣԾһ£ʱʥҲ˰ɣ
ϧʢ£ݲһ˿覴á
رǵµ覴ãʱˣǿһһΪΪѧʿڳŸûվȣͼææѧϵŮ븮УŮּҵӣΪƷС
գգ۾£˵ȴ£ҵ֪ͨδ𣿡
䣬ſˣүүˡ
ЦҶûôţ˾סˡ⡣
Цס
˼磬ŷ٣ҲûҪһŽŵżл˵ҵĵء
һͣЩſʱˣ㻹Ӳ
ݽŲδͣɫҪô͸ϣҪô͹Ӱδֱͣȥ
ȭͷԼû취ֻú޺޸ϡ
ѡĵطΧĶûУɼҪｫ˴򷢵ġ
˵ɣϻٽ
βģԵʣݣ֪֪ջᷢʲôͲ˺ʲô³
ѵģͲˣݷʡ
ʱһҭ
ݼ¶Цô뿴ҹǰģʹ飬ýΪΪϧûôʧˣ
˵е£Ӳڸᣡô죬ûУ
ݾЦˣΪ㻹ǵģҾԼԿۣҲһί
ôأ
ҪݲͷȻ˶ˣͱֹĿ˵ֱŻ
Ǻĵ¿ηΣֱ̣úúã֪ڸĵŮˣҪǲ㣬ҷĳⱲ޳ͷ֮գ
⻰ֻüһԼһ̵Ц
ڤ粻飡ҲȥҿӲʱڽն̤Ƴ׼뿪
ȻŸݺȻסȵȡ
ôˣЦʡ
һһ⡣
ϲͷȴЩڴʲô
ôһУ֪𣿡
ʱһ
ˣ֪Ѱ𰸣ת뿪Ⱳڵһ£Ǽ޸㣡ҺãҾܽˡ
ϵǰԺһֱ˶ŵģڣһ֮ʱһա
һ뿪Ժϱӭȥɸ硣
ʣղȥʦô˵
ЦһܿЦүôȻ
ЩڣӰʦ
д˴ģתת˲գɸˣҵȻͬҲûзԣ㻹֪ӲŲҲ̶õḷ́ɸȻѾ¶ģֻ֪ܵίҪǣȥֳһʱ֪
ô᲻㣿˿̧ḧ滹δȥİӡ¶ۡ
е˫ֲɵػסұлԼݺһţҺϸþӣ𣿡
˵ͷҲģ֮󲻻ίˡ
Ϣ
ϽٻصҹѾȫˡ
δϨƣڵô˵Ǻ˰ɣҪ˵£ϵ֮⣬Ӯұˣôû˯⣬֮ͬϢ
ߣʲôں¡ϲм
£ס
𱸡
治ͬ𣿡
ҧҧĪûǼ˾ˣ˸ˣæš
۾ˣ⡭һ
Цˣܹ˭ͬΪ٣һ£ΪʲôȥʣҶſµȥΪ֪һˣ淴Բ˵ݺ߳ɲ޲йߣݵͷǲԸԣɴ㿪¡
ϽųӱܵԸν˸͸ףµıΪ˷ȻˣǾͱΥ
ŶסˣϾǸ꣬Щ֮¡
Ͽ̲סϧظŶӿյﲻ³Կ࣬ίʲôϸҲλүƾʲôҪһͷ⵽裡
һǰӻǱģʱ޵λãڲҷ
Щ˵Ķˣţ񻺻ͷݵ֪Ϊҡ
ЦףԣһҪݹͻȻŷĺľתȥúţϥǻţɲ´˿
ʱſСѾ˺ү̽ˡ
˳˳ǣ¶ֱߵһյ裬תͷԷЦƣʹĶˣͷſģʲôӡ
ǽͷݵĶǿƵʱ򣬱Լۿ޳ɶ֣ϼ𣬾۰Ͱ͵
𣿡ĸἰԼһʱ׾ݼ尾ӣɫܲ
ƲƲǣܼ𣿡
Ƕ˽ʵس˸Ÿ
վԺſڣɫӣϵķ鿴˿Լĸףʣô죿
ô죿˷߷ߵ⻹ûأβˣΪɩʲô׼û𣿴ԭڿճԱɣ


31 
ڶ峿, ݱױ̨ǰŷҶͷбƽ⣬Ѿí˾, ӶӺݵķһĺװ, ǻ۵Ưһ㡣
һ̤ſ, ֻŶû, ۾ޣþƲ۾
ү, Ư𣿡̲סȤ
ߵϰڷŵĽɫɷͷ, Ҷָݵķϣ˵Ըս, ֱǰն߷ɣ
շѾȫ, , , , ǰ
ͷ, һ忡ŵվ, Ŀص, ûʸȥ, ſ, ȴް, ˭֪һݱ, һλҷ˾ԶͿģֻǸ檣Ȼһϯ֮λ
أôûĪˣΪܺŪȥڵãסˣѾû˻Ĺ
һλͷ׵۾ĳɣѾȰ˰ɣ֪ˣ
幫ʲô˼һλӾȵʡ
幫ҡͷ̾Ͼ뷽ʮأã뷽йܻڸģҲ̫˵⻰ʱĿһԾ׸ϡ
˵ڴ˳Ȼڲ£ڳ͢ҲҪһʣ幫ô˵ǳ˵ķԵòô壬Ƹˡ֪ڸġϡ
ҡͷޡ
һ뵽ĺȥȰ˵ȴ⵽һ䣬жʱǰҪ֪λϣߴƶһ̶ֲԴӣڸģˣңӴ˻ٸɣ
֮߳УƶʱһҲɷҳĽڡ
һ̵õӦ͡
幫ԱߵһӴµԣ׺ƶ˽ŮˣֻƣϲŽŶãͱϻأǷҽǣ岻ãһͻ˶ãҪǷҵĸ
ƨˣҼүúúõģͻȻһŭȴԶ
ɤӼд͸ԣһ˲ѹڳ˳ȥֻһݴһѩ׵ķ裬ѾС˵Ĵӵ£ƺƵ
ƻ𣬻ϼݵ˲䣬·𿴵һֻ߷ķˣҫȡ
ԴӼ޵һֱǶׯʵĴ磬ٴһװⲢ義Ƿǰ䣬۳ҵˬװ
߰°ͣĿˣһƺ飬ս顣
ƵݣԭҪ㲻صӶʱ˻ûҽĻ˵
ʶرֻĨ죬³أ̲סһ
ɫӵؿݣյȻˣǾͰ£Ӵһ࿴ᣡ
Ƿݷһϵ飬ûĿΧһתЦԶڱ߽ǵΪݺ޸ңĳɣԽԽȥˣ
ݻ䣬ŷ㼱Ҵҵүˣˣ
һˣ
û˵꣬һС棺ͤϷҲˣ
ϣ˲λȦպϷˣͤ˻ҿҲǶͤʵȨѫ
ȻǷӦţ˵ˣ

˿ĸף֪˾ȳ
£Ҳסˣվ㶵ؿݣģ
һû
⣬ôܣôᡭ
ΪôĹ٣͢򶼿Ϊұܸǣȴ֪ҴԼʻȣ
뵽㲻ȴܴ˿п̽ķ裬ݸӾôҩɾȣҲλˣϷ壬˸ˡŮ֮ݾݵģ
˶ˣʶŷȥȻرŷ
үˣ
үҲˣ
Ȩ֮ûֹȻһ´ôҿЦľΪޣ
ȲֲǷףЩʲô£Щš
Դǵǽݸҿ򣬱ˣⱲ޳ͷ֮գ
ĻУ͸ݵŭԹޣ
ʮ֮ãޱĸر³Ƕ裬ܳɲɣⱲӣݡ
λھһϷЯԾΪһһ
׸Сæ׸򹤲˼ȻҲһͬ¡
һ˫˫ϣ˵Ŀ£˵ֻҵϣǴְֻСķ˶û˷ŵš
ԭµſڣ˲ð
Ȼ⼸λ˵ģȻȴߣЦһλţҵǰֻԹΪ֤Ϊ˹Ȱиڴˣһе졣
׸ֶ̧ž˹Ҳһһ
Ϸ˽˵ǣ˵淸߳뷨ݵĶ£ҵȾԡ޹ޣͬΪŮӣȴò˵仰ˡ
ͤ˵ͷݵԶȴ£Ҳ˵ȥи󣬸ֶŮָ˵ߴ֮УһҪòޱ룿
£˵Ŀ뿴
͵һ⼸λ˵пϣÿһ䶼Ϊݳɲ֣ʱ˵ˣ¶ˡ
ϾϷ幤鶼޹ޣʧʧ£ۼ֤֮£ֻҪһ೯͢öɴñ
úݵİŮ˹Ȼк֣
Ȼ˼ôʱͻȻһɤ
ݣʮأʳԣ׺ŭ޹ʲкҺͷãҰףɷ򣬴޹˳߳ƶһȰ֮޸áʲڷ壬ңӴ˻٣ɣĳ顭
֪ʲôʱ边ùǷ飬δõ£ֱȻ۾ԭڵﾹĿ
ͷһȣô˭£
鶼дˣѵҧǰһʣͱҾСһ꣬⻹ƶʣѵҪ޵λóŽпݴ𣿡
ֱ֮
һƣǱԼĶӸˣصŷ衣
ƶ֮߳״ߵһͣӺ֮ͳһЦ
ǸԴǵģֻһֻĵʣôƿԡ
ЦһҪԱ硣
ûãûˣǵü˳۵վڽˣн֣̲ס˷Ķ幫
ڶ幫̾ССͲӣĳĸʮꣿ
⻰侲һԼԴǵû֪뿪ãĶˡģǵĺöӣҲ㡣


32 
û³ʵǸ漣
⻹˵Ļ
, ֻһ˽ħƤѡ
ͳһ仰跢Ĳ˸㹻ĴۣõһӲã
, Ĳڽŵ, 治뺰ˡ
һŭĿӡ
õúܣЦ, ȥ, һӰȴվǰֻݽ, 岻, ȥţ
, ߵһԡ
ϣΪӣȷߣһТñӾѹס
ְοү, , ˶ס
ֱָıӿĳ, ҴǰǸ, û뵽˶ˡȻ, Ҳٸ棡Ŀ, սʮ㡣
˷ĵף֪
ݽҪ˺еαƤ
Ҵ, ȴޱڹ, 緢ֶ, Ȼȱ潼, ý, һ
潼˶һ̧ͷ¶ŭһ˲ּæʼգݸûһۣΪ˵ʵ
һΪﳼ֮ŮôܰȻȻ縡ƼƮ㣬糾ֻãţûľء
ǧûˣΪūΪ澣ĸá
ݵϸϸһʱ䣬Щ̻Ȼ
Ȼ⻹ݷŭʹΪ壬ʦѣ㣬ຣȴƭѽԶʵȴܵعһ֣Ҫ˵񶾣˭ǣҶ͸ˣ
˭ܲģ
Ҫ檣ҲӦӣ潼˵ͼţǼҷ粻Ҫ˶ӣĳҲԸϻͥ
һ㣬˱ġ
ͤʹļףԭˣȥˣûô֪߳ܵ˼ң⾹ȻǶƷ
ĸģԸǷ̵һ뵽ҪȻɫͬһϯŻ
⻰ϵʱǺˣۿתһϴ۵㡣
ʵԭĴ꼰ĳ㣬֣֮ǲþѹʹף޲Ƕףǽһλ޹ŮӣôܶԷվڶԷӪ֮˸ҵķɣҲȻ
Ȼļ尾ǣʹЩǲǹΪû˽£ֻ˳ѡ
ĿϣҲǽʿʥ飬֪Զĵԣһʵû㻹һһ
ҲԴǵ˳߹أмжսɳŮ뾩裬ں߹ؽʿģ͢ҲӲܡ
û뵽ݻôͱˣֳ˶ҪڶԣзŭٵŶԲߡ
Ȼ׷Ź˵ɵӣĳɣǸˣͽ׾ӵĽڶʵͼ˵潫չǰǷҰĲĻ˵һ飡𣿡
ÿһ䣬һ֣ǰ̤һһ죬һûŽƱˣʶغ
˵
˲֮£ͻȻˣ˵ԭҲδҪޣʵݱ̫¡
ү
Ȼһжĺͷҡҡ׹Ӱϵİӡδˣһ
һ飬ʱӦ˿ãھ㣿ݿǽĺ·ˡ
ͻȻվסŸݺһ˦ӵ˵һǧһⶼǹȥ£̸Щʲô壿ΣӳѩѾָݣʲкҺͷȴʵӡӻģ춼δˣԴǷҵãҾˣʵڿȥ
ĻȻ߳м䣬ӡɵΧһͷնʵˣ֪ԲҲԭ£ҪҪҸţ֪ʹϣҲ¼˭鲻ԽȡأǡǺ޹İ
͵̧ͷĿֱݣᣬҲǺүѪүֵͬܣԩͷծöôص֣
ϿٵÿΧһۣ˶üţû˴ĻǱϥݵĽ£ͨ۾ӿˣҴظʲôֻһݣһףҲΪûеܵ˵裬ֻһļҰ
ԽԽߵŷڲϲƺ¼ˣίò˵漤غڱ檵Ķĸծ׼ǳҲùʮ꣬ҪŵģԻѰҳ·вү˸һ·һжűɣ
֣Ҫסݵȹ󣬿ɺӶغһⷬߵڰ׵ĻͬһӲǣҲǣ͸ˡ

ҧҧԹѹ£УȻԶҴҸӰǴһͷĿô˻ͻȻӵվ𣬳ñһøߴȥ
ϣұ־
ѽ
һʣΧλϷ˶վ
ӳѩ֣ΪԶӦһģûˡ
סϴ󺰵
Ŀһ裬׷ȥȻ޲ŮĸɾȴʱԾ
ȻϵǣȻһӭͷӳѩһ§סɫż֣Сã벻ˣû۸㣡
˾ɣҳӣһС
ǴãϸɳİУȻһЩ
һ
ֻǷվԶ㿴壬һҪԾĶôԶһôǰڴѵײ
ЦһѾ˵УͷֵԸ֣λ˵Ҵ²˴ĵܸܵ˺úÿˣԲˣܲȱϯ
һʱףүġ
ߣϼֳץסɵ䣬ҵؿ
ʵǲϣģǽǧָָϣ˿̼޵·ʱܹιȥ
ڵϹµǱҵģѾϸӿټһĻֱĶҪˣ̻ͷлһ
һ֯ŭ˭óɻսȭͷôңôˣлŸŮ֮飬һΣ;ܿ裡
ʦʱˣ̸˹ȻںԽĿ£ֻʣ´ͷѿڶû
ǡˣЦˡѹֻô˰׳һ˫۾ڴ֮ͥ£վԱ˵ңӸµĻ
Ȼ˳ɻʣҾ֪˾һλˣˣųء
¹ټλϷˡ
Ϊѧʿ侲ػش˵Цˣףȴ뱾ȴ޹ءֻǱٵѧǣҵĲТŮԲһˡ
δ˵빤ٻ˾׸񣬺ȫ
᣿˷̵ʲô᣿ޣҪޣ֮߳һ䣬嶤ϵġǧ𡭡˱˵طûʸվοƣҪŻ˭
Ҫ˵û˳ɲšϷҲǻ
լϷˣӳѩϲ̨СֶΣǿ̫ˡ
Ȼйڳõһݵ֮ã
ˣһ̾΢΢ࡣʵһõϢ֪Լ޷ˡ
ϰѱǸܲһ汻ݣʵָʹޣֻҪһϵȴı޾Ĺڦ
û뵽ǣѧô޴Ůһͷãά֮ء
뵽ĳһ̾ݡ
̧°ͣЦЦʦ𣿡
սɳ䣬û뵽ŮҲ洫ɷ壬ܱ򶨣ԼѰ·ȴѹ̧ͷ
뵽΢΢˹̾ˣϷͽϣŮ޷ȣ


33 

һ, ʱΧ
ЩȵؿŵϵͷУλȻʮ꣬ʿ֮żĴѧʿ, ڿΨһŮ֮󣬾ܷε˵
ⲻڶǫѷ, ý̬ŵ, Ǹ
ݲɵ˷, Ҳͬ̾Ŀ⿴
֪֪, ôֱʵ޹޵ʵѧ;, ͬʱŮͼϣ״볾, ڱͼϣ
۾, е, ˼ǡ
һ̾, ˱۾ش𣺡Ϸ֤, ز, ˵֮, ջ˸̧֣ĳмġ
Ȼ֪ģд֮, 񷨵̬ȣԼӴժ˳ȥ, ܹڦ, ҲлԱ, һ̵ϼ֪
ȡ൱ס
ϵļλϷ˻࿴˿òǸ
ǼλԸݳֺγǸһӣϣıǿλѧʿܣΪϱ⣬¾壬˻
̾
Ȼͣɱ֮ȴ׹ѡ
迴ɴ۾һþòܻģƲƲ죬֪λˡ
һƳһǿûûײϵŬŬ죬ȥţһ벻
ɵĻӲ̹ǣû뵽׵ıһ·
ҲˣУ̲סʵöˣס
죡δ˵꣬лͷһǳ⣬ӳѩһۣһ˿ģջѵʲô£˲֪ѵҲ
Ȳɸֵѹңѿ㿴Χ֪֪֮Ϊж鷳
ɶʱҭһ£Զԡ
ǰ϶һŲҲ̶õǺѪ޿عǰ֪ݵ⣬Ψһڴϣô£
Ҫˣһ˵ȴĳѾޣԸ⽫Ҫ£ҪС
ʮСίȫظĳңΪ˴һСܿжǵáò׸׹ٸԭְͷܴõϣֻ
ȴ롭
һٺǳ⣬ͷԷ侲Ŀɨһܣʱ֣ЩϷˣǹ龹Ǿһɡ
ͻȻ䣬ųһ亹ٲҶԡ
ҲԹ߽ӣҧãáҾȡ˭ϲ̨檣Ƕˣ֪֪
ضУ͵һɵ֣һγǿðײȥ
Сá
ж¶Ȼʶغӳѩ
ȻһΣܻܲһУҲ޹òã²ۡ
߳մ˴֣˵үѾ׼Ů˴֮ǰ˸ƿ
ϧ֮ǰһýӰȻܳһסϵĺ죬Ȼһʹͽ˸˦˻ȥ˵Ľýɴࡣ
ֻǰһƨŵأ۵죬ڵϾþ
һյĳӺף޹ؿ裬߱˳Ŀⲻɵǳ֮ˡ
ֻض֮󣬱֣ҿ˿˵߶Ǳߣһ˦裬͵͵һվֱ°Ȼؿ
ƺյߣ˻չһЦݡ
裺λֵʲôʱ
գգ۾ԴɻᣬʱЦ۾ˡ
СãûˤۣǱߵŰˣϸסֱۣһſ벻ȰŸ˰Ҫˣô죿
ǿдķԭװУɼյһĻʱ궼Ҫûˣ˶£˹۾ͨһѱסϡ
ʱĸһʹ飬˿̣ǲ֮˼֮Ҳú۾
һûǰɼĳʱ˫ֽգжݡ
ΪףŮֹֿ󣬻Цʱѵŭ𣿿ǸܣڳվȽŸϴȨҲôŮ
ûиŰοתһԵݣǿѹŭзˣȻѾˣô֮±ʹգһŸ׵ģȥЪϢҶȻϼӹ
ҪϢˡ
Ƴһ۹ϣһͣˣŮ𣬵ҽûմߣԱ㣬̬ҪҪͬ顣
ôôΣѵҪӳѩȥŸ𣿡̲סŭ
ݴ಻ãѻƪ䣬֪ڸģСоҲмһ
˵ʲôˣǶûˣֱվûõȷǸ΢ңŹĸˣһ˱ȣǲʲôҲûĵ
ɻ䣬Χ
ս˴һƵ˵ıȵӣѵǸŮһͷ޵Ǹ
¹˭ģ⻰˵Ŀĸϣ˵һ·ķϡ
Ҳõ̫ˣͦ
ĸӵĿʱͣˣһĵĿ£ʱ޵ŵҪ㣬ȴȻߣֻ˫ڳ۾ôضȡ͵һ亹¡
ͬɿŷõȽţ˵ȴס˺Ѽӣһ
ˣҵд𣿡ݷ̵ؿ콻ӵУ費ҪΪʲôҲ˵һԵɣ
⻹õ˵˿˭ôһ£
һֱվߵķҲҡͷԱŸЦʲôС㣬ɲҪЦˡ
۾յⲢңЩ⣬ȴһͷĿѣʱĿⲻɵݣ˵ˣ˵ˡ
ȻһͻȻԶش˵˲
ر𣬷·𼲳۵ļǰǣֺƽŵʩ
Ȼ˾ǣѰȥһŮɣ׼ȷ˵Ǵһ쾢װβӢ˲ŮҲֹһλ
ǣϵĺͬɷһΧ
˭
ȻûʳڣѯʵĿ˼ȻǼ˼ǧϷˣҲ˵
Ƕ˿ݣѾߵŮǣȻ²⵽һܣȴ²ˡ
㣬Ҳ̫ˣλѰ϶꣬ԣŮԹһӽܳ¾͵ߣü˵Ҫ㣬һСùúСܵñ۸
ԹһӵǵĹ
˲侪ˣ
ͷβŷŭЦĵ¶𾪣һſһԽԽϤףͣǰ棬ͼŨŮϣŴǡǳ磿
λӢŮʱݣˬһЦ̧һȭùã겻ǵҡ
õ˿϶ݵ۾øˣǰһϸϸģĴֶŮ۾˲ϡƶѾǴСˣСƨһôǣ
ɹùһؾھǣ顣ϵϡƽӿڵϸع۲ݣüʣ̫Թˬװ磬ЦҺãټɲֶ꣬Ůˡ
أأͷһ߸Ĺùûǵ𣿡
δѩСѾͷֻȡģ񾹶ˡοһһȥһ֣ޱʱǸ·СޣŸճ
һģһϣһλŻ׽￴֣ЦҽܵùãС˪㡣
ҲС˪Ѿͷֺ˵ùãСߣСҲˡһ˫̥شĻԡ
ǾȻˣݾԼΡ
һߣм߶仨ȻȫԱ룡
ҿװ磬·ӢˣŨŨľúۼνǽüİ
г游һţ߽ñԸˣСܽ˸۸Ҳҿͣ㣬ҹ̣ڽոϵҾû뵽˵Ŀ׼ȷֱ򲻷һԵΧɨһȦеϣЦùã˵˵ŮƣʲôԵɣһһֶŮ֪ЩĹεĶô۸ǵģ
ԣȺúõģ֮ͥ»ƭ˵ǱùôˣС磬ʼĩҧŲŹһȥⱲӲзˣ
мҴӾʹûж߽Ҳ游оСȷ٣ɱвɲ˺ӣŵʶ
ڣع˹²˵ɡ
ǰһſıǣĽǹͦӢˣ΢΢һЦ̧һ񣺡λ㡣
Цøյ̫Ƶģ˲䣬м߽õ۾
һֺֻȻڷϣ̧ͷֻӸµؿ˵ܾ˵ǽɲ۸ǡ
һͬͷ
Ůӣ跢־Ȼöߣоرİȫ


34 
򾭹ǳ, ߵ黹ڴͷǺеȻˣʲô¡
ʵ跽˵, ϾһһΪ档
գ޽ĶүȻ̽Ǽү, ΪǺ, үٲҲϲдû뵽ֱѾþߵ, ʩĿǸ֪ע, ѡĿƿ飬Щ, Ҽүźүүǲϸģ
Ͼһ뵽, ŭֱǶĸ, һߺ۾һ˵
үΪ, ɽȻҫϵһöԾ, ˵ұǣؽµ, Ԣ, ͷ, ҼүûУū澴Сźүδ͸үʲô֮ڴүӰ岻ã֮ǰէȻźүСѪ˹ȥ, ʱūܲס
䣬֮ǰҳķͻȻ˵, Ҹû˵, ң
񣡡ϻæס, ˣǸ飬ûҫǷݺң
ش󺰴У·ԩΧ
ʹҡͷģУΧȻŭĿ⣬ôһڣ֮ǰϾ˵Ļö壬˻
ȻֻƤһ̧˵㣿ãԭǹ⼤ŭңصȥˡ
սվӻóһ飬չʾСӡصشӲիҪ飬ƹöȷǺүָҪģ۸񰺹󣬹˼Ŵӣһ䣬ү˵Ǹӵ񡣡
Ȼ岻ǷģǾǷġ
ӲͣӣӻȻشǰƣ
񡭡ϲϷϡ
˵үʱ䲻̣֮ͬ䶼һ֪
ǫѷɴСûߣʲôöҪȥڵõͬĽĿ⡣öرأûпҫ˭𣬱ȻҪشһԸ˻š
϶ʱƿԣеɫѾܿˡ
Ͼٽүֱִ䣬û뵽үûҼүǷָļ̳ˣ֧鹣˵ںүҼүʲôǣġ
ڳĲϷ˻Ҳȥֱӻðɣİ
ֱд̫ɶˣ
ССͣ˲Ұѣδţ
ᣬŽţլΰ
һ뵽ǼеĶҲȻƣ˵ȣֱɱ˶֡
ֱӿУˣǲǸøһ
ͤҲûĳ˵Ϊ𣿡
˵Ƕ֪񣬿ȴָʹŮ֮£ѧʿͲϷ˵ָ
б۾˿ǰٿĪ硣
м߽øǽ˫죬ǵˣѾڶ
õúܣ۸Ŀŵ浱û𣿡
ɼˣܣһΪʲôҪô
ЦΪʲôĸĸ׵ӱ۸ƽͣûл˺ĸӣֻƳӡѾѵõĿݡϧû뵽ȴĸӵ»һװȣһίףƫƫȥ˿ɲҪ𣿼Ʋ׾ӣɶԸһͿ㹻ˣ
Ҳ޷ˣԼһɶµãҲһƣ
ͿֽΪ֪С檣˳Ͻӣ촽ʣΪǲ֮󴦴άǾرң
¶§Ŷֻڽûһӡ
Ȼûоʹ˴סĿĲĸӡͷ֪Ϊ˼ŭңĸ֮ìܣʵʲ£ץסҪúһѵǡˣιȥֻǸʮ꣬룬ˡʲôûͰȥĸ֪֮Ǻơ
ǰ˵꣬·ѹãͣû뵽ǣƱ磬װƭˣʶʣֱӶ϶ʲŹܣĸ׽ѹ檣Ҫ
̧ͷ֪Ѿ棬ͮͮˮ۾ֱĵ˻ʣʧһƽĶԴϸң
ô뷽跨رóӵλãδ𣿡
Ҹʣǧӱ߹ؼ޵ǣ龫Ǵҵ޺֮ǣѵȲһڻԣƣֻ֪Ů𣿡
һһ߰Ҳʾĵıжǿҡ
ûģ
ˣ޵úôҭͬ
ޣǶԱԵĸᣬֻᣬһͬᡣ
ĸױǿ룬ڻ๥ڦÿһ׮˽¶ڱ˶ǳĿϷɶ˵ȴһֵĵףҵѪ
˲ǰһҪһգƺʶӡ
Ȼȴ㿪ˣҡͷ̫ʧˣȻҪӣҲҪ
谡ˬˣ㽫仰ˣ
һ޽˵ĳִǶĸתƵϣû˴ڸУʹݡ
Ҹ鵽λû˻Тһһ÷ŭʪĿ䵱˺Т˳ĺӻġ
ݺ룬ĸ뿪ͱ˳ˡ
λϷ˰ᣬۺϧ˷衣
úӣ£һֻع
мַ߽ŭɱˣд棬Ҫγ
С§סļο£Ժ㣬ûί
ʵȰţݾŷһһѪߣľͷʣѾ˶ˣӽʧصıԵڶЪ˹ܷйѹֵ
Թûд֣һƷ䲻ĲŻ޻˵пգԼױȴǮС˽ɵˣȨҲϡǣǧ򲻸ôҵĶӣĳɣգһҺһӣ
һǷ飬ȡ˹ȥ
ϷΪѵҪֹ˫׺ݵ۾Ϲûһǰ¡
ݣҲˣҴˣںˣҲ˲ֱӿˣҰɣֱӹݵǰ
ȻݲҪãֱӶ˺룬룬˺Ƭ
ˣĻ£ǻδʵȴЦʲôûĹεļ˶Բңƾʲôã
̧߰ͷָָŷ⣬°뱲ٸ˰һ𣬿Щɺ֮ˣϻűѺ裬ֱһʹĥĳɣ
һس¹ȵס
һԵýˣҺ룬Ըһϣ


35 
Ļڳ˶ˡ
룿
, Ҫ룿
ѾǧָϺͷ̧ͷ㵼ˣ
, 㲻Ҫ¡һȰ
Ϸ˳һ̾˭˭ҵȶ޹, Ϊ֤, Ҳٵ衣
ͤһۣɵѾͷ֮ǱĸӣǿǰͲ뿪ѽ
Ϸ˺;࿴һ, û˵
ź, ǶҲһ£졣
֪˿ٲ̬ճ֮Ͼ͸ýͷöϱЩ飬վŮϵƲɾǳз, Ϸʹӳѩңʮھš񡭡
۾, ̲סһǱҪ
û, ˵꣬з˲Ը̵Ը͡
ˣ, ĸһͬ, ǾǺ, ۽ģɲǼ䣬ĸӵĶýӲ
ݣô뺢ӣˣô죬Ǹְĸףûĸף
Ӵ֪֮ͦĵЦ
˭˵ҪĸӷˣȻǸŹùûȥм߽ڴŻῪˣûһ
ʲôһҲһ
ϡЦĪΪǼҹ֮֮ȥȢȢݾݵŮӣҲÿ𲻴Ӧ
ԴöȿҹùãͷϾλҹùãڵĹְǿҹùãһĻˣģС˽һ㣬ùúˣСܸĹεĵѧʲôã
ûõֱӴȶӪһ£ܾͷģҲ͹ùͷίСܡδѩĵؿ
ǽýվʹ游û֪֮ˣ
ž˷˵ձ߽ҲֶŮû뵽˵㲻ʱǺһգӵվݵҲͰˣѵҲʸ񣿡
ԭǲϲĴֻ໰ǽȴΪʹ죬һЦҵ˵һҲûĻˡ
ȥˣ⻹ûнûйأ
Ц֪ͨףޣԣ踾棬շľȻǽɱУûֱӳһһѾǽˣ
ҹùعأ۸ʲôعأȻĵ֮λҪûˣվӣϹ𣿡
˵С˫̥һһͶ˻ȥ÷첱Ӵ֣ͱȥ
ܲŮ˽ѻƪûǶأȻôϲϽˬغ룬ȫǰ
Ȼλ˵ãڳҲûСս֮ǿӦ֮Ѹ٣÷İȫֱӱԼûκηӵˡ
ֻǼλѾͷҲһģ޲λСĸһЩ
̾Ϊֹʱ򣬺Ȼо첲ȻʶػعͷֻһλİĸŴ಻õ߽ãɫݵɣ
ش𣺡ģֱġ
ԷֱӸһĴָſѾÿҪʹȥ̾ڸв֪ôĹùþϧҪңǵÿлүǵˡѵĨһ
⻰˵ĺпϣֵֻܣ˭ֱӽйùã
ƺɻ󣬴ִֵ̧֣³һм߽õܰһǸߣؿر𲻺ǣҪ;Ӫλţӡ

迴ǰЦеһͷ˿δѩһᡣ
ǮӦһˡ
迴壬ܴģվλҲǳһˮģȽһţɵʣǽ˴θǰ
游ԵҪҰùüױΣܲ
Ǯ̾һڻЦ࣬һһ̣Ǯָ̧̧֣ϸӵôֱָϹ˷۾
һǳǮ򽻵̡
裺
ɵظп治ʮ˼֮ȫɱǲı¿һ˫ȫˡ
ĵضǮһ񣺡Ǿͽˣգȥˮ
ǮǱǹսӣѹ˲Լ·϶ɷ򣬸пǱ
Ʋ£ݻǷЩ̫׵ҸյֶǾûϵĸֻܺߡ
뵽ǳؽѾ׼õĺϣ˵Ʋָǲ֡
ǮĲҵ̶֣ϸϸһĥʱˣܣǲװɡ
·ϱĥ㣬Ϊùúͱȡ档ɱϾæܶණҪ֤ݣȻһűĲƲϸ嵥ʱ˲졣
ЦЦ׼Ͱһֻɡ
˵Żͷ˿ֻϾͳվվһԱߡǮǺشչȥһʱ˳ǡ
ִһǷõһƾ֤Ƿݣ嵥䵱顭
Щһ˶ӣݶټױԼ¶ûôɡˣ
̧ͷѾм߽ùѪͷԼڽ޿ĸӣǰһЦУɿɰķ裬Ĭ
Сܻº͵һ䣺򣬿ɻʲô𣿡
Ǯ𣺡ûˡһĨһͷϵ麹ģҪǲһƤⱲ׬һӣ
䣬ֻǱ곤г˻֣֮ͬǣǰһվƵ游Ҽһ䣬Ȣùõʱ򣬿ɻǵĳŵ
ͷ˵ԿվֶŮ󣬲һԵݣ˶
缺鲻˫ɣ롢ɢԿա
⻰ǵã˵ȴһһ۾ʱʪֹˡ
ݴг󻺲˳ִֶŮγ˷ı𽣻âֱָԼĺϧɫƭ֮ģɢУ


36 Ʋ
Ϊ, һʼƭݵľ֮£֪, Ҳ޷ˡ
辭ݣɵʣ, ѵҲ뿪𣿡
ܸɴ롣
һ㶼Ҫ, Щģ֤һú㣬ʲô, òãѾ΢ˡ
ͣ½Ų, عͷŴ˿¶һ׷Īĸףֻݺᣬ⸱ڲģһҲøжֻ޾Į
ڸղŲãһλԴ, Ҫãʱûǵأ
۾, , ϧֻʣ޲λԸ׳ڴԭѾģʧˡ
Щ˭͸˭Ҳϡֻ뿪, 뿪, ԡٽһ, 뽫ǩˣ˴ɡ
žžžмҽޡ
˵úãмж֣
أŵȹ갡δѩͷһʻǮ̸Ӧ𣺡ˣˣ
һ׼õķıشȺߣһһڷţëպīһȻȡ׼ľһݵ˹ȥ
һʽݣһģʱ򷽼һݣмһݣһݣ¶ͽˣûʲôǩְӡˡ
ڽ֮ǰֻһεĺ룬һֱΪΪ˱ͷЭֶΣŮ˹õһ޶ϵһģû뵽ˣݺ飬־á
ǮЩ㱵Ϊпүˣ뿪㣬ȥѾ۾һЩƲνĺδ޷ݣÿӣһһ˾һû˹ܶɣ˵ǲùЩù۾ˬǩ˰ɡ
㣬˵ʲôޱ͵͵δѩ
δѩüëһƤء
ǰȴİ֮ˣʵ˭
Ǯ𣬰˵úһøϧⲻͲͬΪмŮ㰲οһ£Ϊ䡣Ǯ˹֣Цݺ
һͣʱ߳ŭ
ǮҲûˣЦ棺ģǩȻ겻ҼҷǶ޷˵ΧһɨСô˿أү۾ͱˡ
⻰һŤֲʲôʥ޷ֵѾ;ٺ룬÷ĸ뿪Ǿѩϼ˪÷ɨء
Ը⣡
Ŷˣݻת⡭
Ŀ⻺ΧȥͼλϷ˲ˮдλεĻö֡
׸빤˵ƺڿǻȥ֮дµ˳¡
ҽձǿˮһ۶һšü˼ĶԲߣɻڰοúɶȴκ֮ͬ⡣
û˵һ仰ʱбòϣط
Զ˵ʲôϧϵĶһͱ졣мҽǵ𣿾͸ղǼƣ˭ȰͲɹѪͷŹ֣һһ֮£ٴһĶ˵ȥûĴùͷ
ջǷϿ˿ڣĳɣ˰ɣҪߵ˭ҲסĳӲء
ǰ˵ǶӣһҲˣǷˡ
ֻҪףһ׳ڣǾӦģ
ﵽڻܽĻֱЦԷǣ⾿ж֪
Ӻ룬߶ӵˣⱲӻ̧ͷ
ʱ¶˻Σ֪ˡ
ȻȴǶܸ߳вʹޣĸ뿪ǶԶһġΨһǹĵǣˣǮأĸҵأ
ûӹȥĺ飬˸ˡ
ʲôûͶŲƲơ
ⲻ֪һһ
ĳɣȵȣⲻܴӦ
˹幫㿴ʲô黹Ůмױ
һָ˵ʲôɼױתвҵ桢ǮƼƷʲô
ȻֿڣЩּ˼ֻҪģܹס
һʽݣмҽÿһݣҿһݣһȴھ׸ת˾λϷһͬš
̶֣˿ܻϸϸǵĸǳҵһǷծһ㣬ɵҪѽ
м߽ƣֽһͬδѩгʣδѩ˵˵ȥǼױ𣿡
߳˳ǣ±ƵʣʲôҲУǾаɡ
еǮƷû˭λøϸϵķ΢Ц
ǮɤӣΧ˹ֵλ֪Ůӳޣױ˽˳ԣޣֻҪҾҪ黹ױҲùʣ಻ÿˣ˵ǲǣ
ǡ׸˵ͷмһǷңǺȢӦмױ嵥Ŷԣձɡ
ǮЦлˣ嵥еġҲױ嵥ƸҲ嵥Ȼ˳ϲδд˻ƸʵϰҲ˻أмҲԸռ˱ˣλĿ
Ƹ
ʱóʲôƸ
һͷ棬һ⣬һΣ軨ɸߵ׻ƿ÷磬һī࡭վ󣬾ȻǵֵǮҲЩˣĶǳġ
ݱȥ뵱һĴ޵ڴͻϲȴû޴ĿƸʱѾǰӶģԼôô޴
ס֣οⲻĴ
㡣ٶҲʧܳס
ԣǱƸûþͣˣӷ˸棬û©ȱģϾԶƷŵڣƸٳҲ亱
ˣЩʱǷծأĶ죬ܸЩѾˣǺˡ
Ǯ˼˵Ǽʵؿһۣ˵ڸв֪ҵףҪǷмң׸ϣźҪмŮĶȥˡ
ŵƸֻط죬Ǹ˶֪޹⡣Ǯôһ䣬̷̻ȥȻˣô׸
üͷһ壬Ȿмҵ£ǮΪүǧæѾǶҵʣ̡
ȻҪǰȴδѩһ£ģùãء
˵꣬Ǯ˭˵û׸Ҳ׸ܴһѴβӱõССүҿԴټӵļױ˭ȵĹ
һͦţһ֪ΪܷΪ٣δѩָ̧סԼ棬ֱӡ
ɼȴЦ䣡
裺˾֮Ա
Ǯ򼸸̧°˰һƽޡ
㶹ΣһԼδѩ۹⣬һ֪Ǹ˵ġ
ʱܺ޽ٵ˵ԼŮʵǷëǡ
δѩƲƲ죬ƲмȴЦƤ񡣡
Χ֪˵ʲôֻ˵ľͺðɣ֮أȻ翪š
һ͹۾Ǯ𵭶ص˵䣬Թ̫ԶЩƸֱλģʹùˣڣûǹ̺СʱҲ£ԭﷵ𻵣Ըռ⳥̧֣ķ򣬡ԣǲǸɹ黹ױˣ
ȻӦûĳ
ĳ
ݺļױӣжˣͷϾжѹ
û˭ݶټױ䲻ڻӻ޶ȣôȷһӴ֣Ķң
ԭأޱѿֻǵȫ黹лá
ȻƤĺȣң
԰ȻҲ֪ԣҪϺӣüױôУܲмҴСĳɳԿɣ
˵һĶҪƷҩˮһţ⻨ɵסĳٺ»ȥǶĶҲҪߣױҲҪشߣĶôõ£
һƵĺˡ
쾭壬Ӽױֱ׳ˣϡЦط̵
ޱһ壬αô壬ǺҲúþۺɢҿױپ;ȥҲǣģ˰ɡ幫ƹʵһ䡣
Ǻþۺɢڶ˺Ƥˣռˣ
δѩȾͿˣĳƨҪûôҪģûǮСһô꣬Ĳҹùõļױװʲô⣡
˹ŲӷƷкβɣĳٺ»ҵ
ޱЦˣ˭˵ģö죬ұܳҩӶǮˣ
˭˭˵ģû˵ˡʸڷ
ôҲ֮ˣоãûۿ
ʱվں㾿ƭȥӣǾʵʵǩº飬ҰѸôߵĴߣͲɨأλȣ
ݵĺݻذŵʣݣҶˣ㾹ôģһҲҲã
˼ֱ˵壬ǻͷˣЩүõٺ»˲һʱʵĻҲһͬϣܲԼͬʱôϸƤ⣬ң
ǡҶͷһͬӦ
һʱɴ۾㡭
ЦΪƼҷˣ⸮ÿһӽҲ¼
ֻҶżƤ˲̧һӴȴʮͬ˲
Ҳ˼ˣȻλ˶ڣлмλ˼֤λУ˵ԭԭļױǸеһܴܲߣӦӦôߣûʸߣ
ڹŲСĹ٣ûʲôˮУҲݣٺ»ݹλװ׾ô࣬ټ϶Ʒÿͳǧʮ˲ͺһС
ȻԱ֧¼ľʮʳסУīֽϵȣһܻ룬ͳԾƣۻأ
οū͵Բ档
һˣݣĵʵͼʲôأ
ǰͼʲôأ
ݿЦžϹ۵Ľ
⳨Ŀ㷭ģҲſ˿Ȼ԰⸮Ĳҵأ
һ˶ʱҵ˰ѱһ㣬׷׼
˵мҹ̣Ĳ˰ɣǲǹ©Ҫһýĳɣ
˭ǿ˵ٺ;ӣ̫صˣҲĳ챿ݡ
˵м߽Ҳǲ⣬ֻд󽫾һְԼλǽٺ»ӣмͺȥˡ
гʣùãô£
ǲ統һʣúҲûаɣ
ϧûС
Ǯͷ
ߵù˵ڣǾ˵ɡ֮ǰ游̹ԹͬŻ£Ϊ޼ҵס˵ǷһƨծĻʲô͵䵱ȥˣҲ͹ùĳżױ
⡭ùãͼʲôѽϡ۵
ݵűǻϱɡ
ߵýĶϷ֪⣬Ϸ˰һԾϷ̹ԣҲ㣬żױȥιǣ
ݻش𣺡ǺڲٲԸֵѪƽױˣλΪֹûӦõġ
˵ű㵱ڹ迴ˣҲ˵
ˣλҲãҲգ鼸󣬱һͷ
𣬱з˵ˣֹģ˭ҲռģҲ£ɶԣ
ݵͷˡ
ãԣױ嵥еģµһʲӦηֱԭУļױأ
νʣƫΪҪ֤


37 
ǰͷ׵ƸҲ, ǿȵծҲҲգֻǿͷ˵˵ġ
֤ˣ˶, Ҳɴߣ
һ뵽Щ, ˲ɵ˿, ¶
, ֤𣿡
Ƥһ, һ˵ЩЩϺүµء
ǣб¾ó֤, һһ嶼ø¡
û䶯ļױȻ˴ѣ嵥ǶûµġЩݵĴ, µĲҵҲ㹻, Щվܹݻӡ
м߽¿ˮ̵ĻüͷʱᣬɵؿݣЩһ֤һžȰмҲ
λɱУҲ, ǹϸϽϣץϹ
𡣡ͷδѩֱӻɷһ, 취ˡ
ǰ˵·Ǯ˼, ıǷʮ˱, һ, Ҫʱ䣬ܳʱ䣬˿ݲϸϸҵġ
ǶˣǮʶСͱµǿӣ˳ǣЩŽķ˸һͬ
˭֪СѾһ޴Ŀӣ͵أƣͦߣʱˤþͲң붼
һ
ݣǻǺúùӰɣڽ֮٣ҲԼһƶϴصʮǰ׽ӣм޻˵ɵزϣȰ˵һ䡣
ϧȴҲ֤ݡ
һ˵Щ˺Ҳһ㵡
ĴЦæʣݣ𣿡
˼λǴĿĵģλͬӱ߹ؼ뾩ǵĴȴʵΪݳϣܹຣóԸ
ףҸռﲻã˱㳣磬ҽӼùһΣɲûǸжԽ̰ᣬ總֮ҡΪ˶Ͼǵڽ֮㽫һ㣬Դ˶סǵ졣
˵һ۾㵵ķˣеһ˳ǣԳˣҲ֪ͬ˸Ĺ⾰̷Ѻ⣬üױһһЩƾ֤Ҷţ֤
ݽ͵ͬʱĿʾϾһ¼ҳһһָڳķ˺ʹˡ
һų¾ɵǷһݷݵѺ͵䵱飬ؼ¼ǶôĻ޶ȣܹⱾûԻ͵ĺͥҲ˸ܵݵ飬ֳĹΡ
嵥ưܺеһһһһݣһשһ߼¼ֵǮĶǲܰᶯĴ˵ȥ˺ᣬʵ˴۽硣
ԱӣٿĶ벻Щôģ
ʮʱ䣬Ϊ˸˶ѪǮƣ֧ų棡
뵽ûپݺȫҲʲôԣ߶ӸӦãֻú̫ˣ
ùá߽ۿʪ
ôأȫˣֶ⣬ھ
ȻǴʮǰα˸»ȥģȻˡּЦ
ˣѾˣ˵µвҵǽլӶߣҲֲһǷ˵֮Ҳ޷ΣϵȻмӦǾѺǩ˰ɡӴˣκιϸ𣬷ĸ뿪ң
֪Ѿ˿֣˽ҲͷȥԶдߴ֮⡣
˶˵뿪ˣʣ֮һγΪտǣûݣܵõʲôôǻȥ׼ּҡ
ųĴ󷿣˭Ըһŵù
ˣѡһ˫˫۾ע£ֻëʣ·ǧѹţ޷ɼʹˣʱ䲻ᾲֹֻǩ֣ʺָӡ
ģ۾˲һеظܵʲôǹ¼ҹˣҲ䵽ɢ³ѵģڵʹ顣
æſޣһʽݣءǮϽݺñˮдֵ֮ݹȥ
ϢһͣݺݵһۣôǺͬ顣
ѽֲôġǮֹһñǨŭغԩ֪պαصء
ճյؿż֮ңݣסߣδٳ¶ˣϽպīͱʶµǩá
ˣǮĨһͷϵ麹æݵǰùãˡ
һԥûУֱպīȻҪʣһĺ
ݡ
ŨŨͲᣬ·ǲ޷أֻһꡣ
ֻͣһϢָֽӡ
һ̣оǰϵμ˲ˣصڻ֮ӯ֮УνɣҲһֿõõĶ
վߣȼĹâ̲סҲЦ
г翴ĺ飬صһڣ游׵ȴ¾ˣӭݺͷؼҡ
߽û˵ؿһȥ֮һҸ磬ýĻȥ
óԵģ糿첻һҾֱʳûԹءСŸɱĶӸɺɶˡ
С˪һۣ֪ԣҲˡ
㲻ԣùúСܻóԣǼ裬ˡСڼС˷裬ԣ裬ͿԵˡұܿôԣر⡣
δѩһӣùãСܣߣµĽ졣
ǮԼҷӣͷ۵ӣôżʲô⻹ûء
ʲô
Ʋ˷ݿӴߣҪҪƬȥ
УͼǮ˦˦֮ǰ㵥ӣ֮ĲƲȷѾˣﲻλֲֵֿǳԷܻɡ
ĻԭѾЯҪ뿪ľλϷˣͣ˽ŲȻǶĸӡ
ǮЦĳԼ֪ܵػŵӣС˽ǮǺǣʮˣƣĸһһϸƷ⣬Ķ֮󣬴˵мֵǵҼСƵӶû⻨ȥĸòû
һ£ؼݺôôĵŮˣһշްնóɸһУһ˿ҲҪߣǲǮˣ
ݺ֣鿪࣬ЦЦ˵ԼģǱ͵ġ
Ҫĸӡ˻Σһ¶úúãĸӾ㿴
ŵæɣ˾ˣ
޿̵зˣδ̫˰ɣøСΪȻʣɱϾһԴöȱչˣγƵϻѵϵҲҪԱû
˵꿴ķǺʹˣ
⻰ݡûż̬ʲô궼мҼȻѾռϷ磬ʵûҪˣԵ̫ƽϣ˰˺øС
ƳһΧȻӾͼλϷ￴˲ͬ
ȰһȰݺȻУʵˣأ
ʵϣвɵüɫ˳ǲԸ⣬˵ŮΪ檣ѾίԴöȼȻǷĳݾ͸Ҫ
ǾܾճȲ˵ϰдǵҲزסˣǱǮƣһܹһ¶ڳ㣿
֮зˣȻӳѩýԳ㣬Ϸؼңֺĳ֮ӣϵĶԵҲ黹㡣ЩѾģûģ̇˹з˿ݴ
Ա͵͵Цܾ÷ʮ㡣
ϵСʵܣЦɶ˵Ĳ𣿡
治ֻװɵ㶵Ϻ꣬ؾᣬú
ǮеĻֱӹҪ嵥ǱǮĳҪȰŹùΪˣֻ뷴ȰȰλϴˡ
ݣˣ˴ˣͱˡ˺Ȱ
ҲˣѾĳ棬㣬Ϊ¶
ȻȴЦλǲżߣٿһĿһ֤ˣᡭ۽ġ
䣬ϾͳѾļ˲ֱ˼λϷ˹ۿ
ȻĿѾ˱ǣһĿȻ
ʮô࣡˱ȲƣͿܵ;˵һҺһ˽ӣʮ߰˸㹻ˡ
ͤ˾һңܻôӣҪ𣿡
һʱһγΪĿ㣬оʲôͷʼð
δѩø첲֧֧Ǯ̲סʵŮǮôӸʲô
ǮҲǵһο𾪲κˣ裬ұȽǣ˲ùǴĶģϸ
賯ͷɥķǶ˿ûҵˣЦͶ嵹ӵÿ죬Ȼϵøƴˡ
Ƴһۼ¶ȵԹŮθƭһ¿ٵ˵һ飬ϻۣһۿйؼڹ
һõǮƺƸеСܣʵ
ѧʿΪˣӦҲ뿴һ賯΢΢һЦҲס
֮⣬ǮˣӣⱾһգֱ͵Ƿһ䣺ˣҪ˵ʹӦˣôˡ
еƤ
Χؾ£֪ô¡
ֻݵλĿܻټһ˾ΪʲôһҪػˡ
䣬߽֮Ļһ۵ӡ
һˣʱԲ۾㡭㣬㲻ǻϼΪʲô
һô˵̿˹ȥʣӳѩʲôˣ
еһʧ̬ŮﱻҴԣƤҲû㼲ɫˡ
죬ȴ˵ڣ˲סؿô죬ô졭
Ȼϵáֻ߳ʮţȫܻŻؾǣȷû
⻰ʵ̫ˣ
ԭ͵Ѿȫʧˣ˫۷Ź⣬ֱӸˣӳѩϣҵˣԲԣ
ⲻʵǿ϶ҲĬصͷӦһ
һңǺмѪͷӶҪиɾ˶֮ˣˣŵɣôˣ
г֮ˣһѷǹŴɳɱ壬ⷬǴ˻Ѫս
װʲôòȻĴβǣ§ȥػ
ȻˣǱϾعţűȨоصĵλ
ʵȨүǾǶҪ£ģû뵽ԼֱײȥֻҪ뵽㣬ýֵ̫ˣûЦˣȻһ˲һŰ
Цһһŵĸ޴֮أĶδȴúúõģΪүˣû뵽ǰ˹Ʒ˵ҪãƷУγΪ¿ģ
ֲһһãҪǻңͥҪˣø
ʲôĹΣĳɣˣȻӿɶ㲻ǲ֪ȴŮңɢһԷޣһ޳ܲΪɣ
ǧָ˻Σű۾Եȥ


桪


38 뿪
һյеĻΪս, һҺ˴Ϊľ;˭ͻȻԡû뵽óˡ
ڴŬ£в֮ת, ֻ, 
޵Ŀ⿴мҽôӵݺͷ, ӽ, 㲻ˡ
, ǱͲܺƽ
мҽÿûô۸ֱӵ»ҵ۾, ˲δѩҪȥѵͱǮ¡
ý¶Ķ¶, ӦõҲõ, µоһϵ侮ʯںܲܰջ⵹УǾ޹أ뿪ĵطѡ
ھ뿪ʼݺͷѾ׼ԺԺֻҪԸǻľʹϣԸԿѡȥ, ȥǱͻ, ɡ
ϸʲ, ֮ʼ½˽ʱŵıԺ, ЩҪĶ, Ȼڽһ˷ĳ⣬Ķݡ
ź飬ߵøɾ䣬ֻĸͻȻǰͷ˵ϣʵˣү
ͣ½ŲĿ⸴ӣǵĸ淽ĳʮ꣬ѣҲ㣬ߣҲ
ĸ岻ҰɡͻȻڵ߲ȱˣ»Щë꣬ĸ԰
Կ裬߷ĸ׵ĸ첲οЦš
֪ݶĸĽᣬʮˣ΢һ㣬ߵ
ģǶıѡ
ֻ·ĸһֱڲȣһ߿ҲԸԷſ˿ڡ
ĸ̧ͷͷһֻվڲԶĿն˴νɺ
ĸҡͷүƣֻСûүҡүǧ㲻ãվСӣ⸮ﻹܰѾûˣС뿪һ겻Ҫȥˡ
Ͷ꣬С飬ĸ¶ҲԹվľʹ롣
Ƥô񣬻Ѱ̼СֹһȻС˪һͷ񳯷˳򣬺ô׵
赱ûֻº͵˵ȻˣҾͲǿĸˣ⸮µūͣ㽫ǣȥĪǿ
ǣү˶ౣء
ͷмҽǵĴӵںһ̤
*
ʱŵլھǵһߣְʱĸۡãһѾʰ׵촲̶ǰϴɹ
һ¾һڵϺϯ档
۵ʱóϽѾδʱ룬СǺүŶǷ糾͸һˡ
ԶԶԣܳһͷţġСȾϲؽӵĲˣָ˵Ŀζã
С˪ûզզҲʿˮһ¾Ÿ·ˣûгԶٺõģ涼ˡ
ڽûôޣС˪һпͷ·𱻴еĵ֮ɬԳ֣ôһһ£վ
С˪һùáЩ޴ؿԼĽá
гû§ݰοùãûµģǽ游£ĸǴС䣬ɱУ·ʲôûΣա
ݵĺ󱳣ϴŵЦһСʱҲ§׵οмҶŮηѩ
ϡҲͷǲѩҹоˣͱܶܵһ˺Ǿ޷ԭԼ
һ·ϿȻǿģķ˪Ƶѩ·ܶסȣڱߡ
һ·ϣǲ֪˶·ڴ֮ǰﾩ£һǣСһˮûȾһ
ֻЩ˳룬߷裬ûӦõĲҵ֮󣬶΢
ǺõģǾ͹ˣҲֵˡ
ùãһѽҪһͬؼҵġޱŰοһһݵĸ첲š
ôվԼǿıǣеůʡܹôӲغ룬мҸǿ֧ţ˺ǻϧԶҲҵؼҵ·
ڿʼҲΪ֮еһӣĪҡ
ݵĳҭ֮СˣỨڣȴǴЦģ·磬ģʲôǶôϽ³Է
Զԣʲôһ߳һģһˣûôҪǮΪڳΨжûŮôƸУֻ游񣬼ֱٸҲûˡ
ǮŮΪǸΡ
Ҫ֪оھõм߽˵ѾϰߣȻλ飬үԣм尾ԺɼԹԵֺ֮£ݸмѣ𣬽նˣùó顣
Ǯ̰֣ùã˵ллֶˣҿˡ
⻰еЦͷ
ϵķ˵ǲ۹ðɡ
ǮһģʱЦ𿪣ãǱܶңϣ˵˵
Сδѩһڣ˸ۡ
Ǯ˵ʵѽһСѾźˣܽĲҵõ֡
£ǫһЦˣҼ粻ֲܿᣬҲֻܶӣˡ
ӻѽСȵۼҾȱ˶ӵˡ
˭أС˪һۡ
˵㰡ֶϲȫأһд౨ץϹ
ѵͱҺã
Ȼǣһ̥ǰ¡
Сֱ׳Χ
ʲôо𣬽ôõ£úȾˣδѩתͷݣùãһô
г˵ţ򣬲Ⱦƿûʲôζ
ŮӾǺȾҲǹƣС飬΢ֹǶڱŮ˵ȾƱضҾƣҪľƺĳ졣
ݶûôȹԱĶˣԸȥ˾̳ӣãչùñҵֶŮһݣ
˶˵Ⱦƣڳ۷壬迴һƽʱԷϰ˷֣ȴüͷһ£ֱӶƹһײ͹˹ͷ£С˫̥һ㲻ԥһ롭⳩ĺ۾ֱˡ
Լǰһˮ׿
裺Ů֮Ĳǲ̫Щ
ʵѾöˣ˵ԡ궯ǵǣǣǻܣ˲һϵ𶯣ôǺ
ǮЦĺ󱳣˳ܣȺƦֲźãС˲ȺŮ˼ƽϡ
Сˡλͦ׼λġ
ΪҪλ㱣СҲܷƺε˵ǡ
Ⱦƺȵһ룬ᵽ磬һж˳εˡ
ͷǽƻ˵ξΣǱˣ
أ鼸Ӹԡδѩһ¶ǣ˵ԽˣȻǮһۣ㣬ҳʲô
Ǯԩĵ̣¹ͷĻװģˣһȥǾͱڴ¼ɡ
δѩҭһ£ֹҲ˳ˣͷɱǣһһݶһƬҲ¡
У˵㣬㻹׵ġ
δѩüϡ롣
ȻޱˣǷأͷһξôŪȥ˰ɣ
ôһأʮ
˵߽꣬뿴Ǯ𣬽ֿ衣
һһںЦǷģô˼֤Ƕ֪ܻŮѹҵı£в뻹Ҳʱġ
˵˸ŵĹâҲ٣÷ŵ̬㲹⵽λȻվڳ!
Ǯһ֣ˣ
⻰˵ĺе˶׷׵ͷ
ȴüֻĿвŸջؾδյĳǱլҲοլӻ͵ģˡ
ùãʲôС˫̥ƳƳԸȥ
г˼˵ô˵եɵ׶ûУǵȷǿѡ
ȷȻױҲãҵҲգڹùãȷ߷ʲһٶرһǮǮ̾ôҲùҲմǷǣŪ游óԵϾ죬ͬߵġ
Ǿô𣬺òѽ
Ŀ˷ϣֻ۾ϸϸ˹ţžĿ
δѩ̲סпһСǵƾ⸱ģٹ겻ýŮɵĻѽ
ϡףأôɣŲС
ѽʱǿɵ۾һĵϱ
˵£ôһȤϣգգ۾÷Ī
Ǯ˳ǣѣһҪȢģмŮҵĶĸϻ
˵ʲôδѩһ˫۾˲չһЦݣҡͷͱյεġ
Ҿýľͦáʵؿ佱ǿϱ࣬Ǵ̵ŮⰲȫмֱҪˣ
һ˵ʱ߽ĻŭţֱС۹⡣
ǲҪȤ󣬾ͲŻ߽һۣ˵£ô
ҳ𣬲и𣿡
ɶ𣿡Ҿ㲻һѣϵ۵ҲѾϴˣ־ڱصõģݲлзء
Ȼȴ׵֮£Ϊ͢ϣֹͣΪ֮Զ˵ȴƿеĺûᡣ
ֶ̳֮ĺ׼дŻ飬ôһǮǶ飬ö
ֻǵʱ͵նˡ
ЩǮƣ취̻ģֻ࣬
ڰյϡŲȻȾƶˡ
˵Щ÷΢΢أҲ֪ûлῴľݣǺõߣϧãյĽǲˡ
ϡɫӵ뿴ܿ
һԴҲо𣿡
ϡҡͷƺԸ˵Ҳˡ
һؿŷ裺ҪǲǲǹùúͱҲһܺɹ
ЦнڣܸҺĵʵϲݵȷûϵô죡
ޱ̾ǵö顣
ᶯӸʲôϵͷԡ
ޱش𣺡ˣܾñȽϴСһҲıһ˶࣬˵е
Ҳ飬˽ʿģѵҲдһ仰ޱ
ҭһ£ĵ游߳ĻŶ飬ҲŶ
游ԼҲǴ󽫾ǻǸŶأҲûǱöС
С˪ӱûȥСĿ϶ᡣ
㱿Ҳ
ջ˵һ̥
гɤӵԷȾƶ²סǵ죿ҪҪȥͷһ˭Ӯ˭ģ
Ǹã߾ߡ˵꣬һվ
裺һ£ûⳳþʲô⣿Ϊʲôö˶˵ػյϣ
תͷǮ𣬺ȻѾϰˣʼܣһȾƾһһܾͲǺýá
ദģʽҲǱ¡
ЦţһҲûֹ˼ԸҶԡϴˮãתͷ
ǵģǲЩЪϢջеæ
ȻҪĶѾˣԭأȽһһ˳иʲҲ¹£ЩǮ졣
ûƴǣ˷һ䣺ҪҪһ𣿡
Ȼܾˣۣˡزգܼˡ
ز
ⲻǺúõ
ҲæеʣĶȥҴ򡣡
˿Цõû£ⲡӻ±ȽϺá
ֲᣬޣڶûһ߸ˣģΧֵô룿
ǲ벻Ҫˣ
ǮȥȻ۶ࡣ


39 ּ
һ, ǷǷ˴̽ӲǲɢоͿʳʼĩ
üһֲýôӣһ˵, ԭҪޣ
ϧĶôݵ, Ҳ˳, ʮƥڵĿɱڵش, ɲǸԼҹģ
Ȼ޲, úֱӱž룡
Ϣʵ̫ˣֱδ, ̫̼һһʮʮ٣ֵ˾֪
ڹϣŶȿʻʱ, ˵, ǻһûȾֱϣ۵죬ʣˣ
Сͷˣˣз˻Ĳҵױȫߣ˵˻͵լӣʲôû£
üֱĿɿڴת뵽ƤӵĻ, æʣǷأ𣿡
û, зһֽ飬, һֽ, ֱӽүոˡ
棺߯ôȻ쵽, ֪ʱΪСֻǸһںߡ
ԭûľԼ
ˣ֮⣬СӻҪʲôţ
Щ£ųꡣ
ԶԶԣĨһͷֱĶСӣôˣ⻰ʱԼоĳе֮ͬ⣬ӶŴˣ³ܸң
Сӳһ̾£ūŴоˣͤˣˣԼ;׸ںλС㡭ЩˣСӶ˵ȥޣȥġ
ǴޣþĿ⿴˭ɵ»ֱ׳ޣ
սף治ˣҲûôš
ǰȻ󷴱˽¶ޣյ֤ݣԡСԲһ̯֣һҶ
ǾϵҪǲ˾λȥ˹ְүͰؼТ˳ӡתȦȦ˿˷ܣܿͣ½Ųɵԣأѵڣѧִ£
ڣϧǺŵģֻǻ粻ȥһȥ⡣СӺأ˸Ŵ̼Ĺâ
˾һţ˵أϽ
һһҲۣСӵ˵°ڵЬӡЦ£ǲ֪˵鷳ɲС
ߴﹾ࣬㵸ؽǰ˵һ飬ϸʾɣүǰź𣬸òȥ˰ɣ
ôС檺һ޶ײδ춼ôԵװףмŮֱӿδˡ
Ӵҵĵ£Ϣûˣڵǲɢˣһʲ˵õ˹ȥͽŮˣھǸ¼ҹˡ
εһλôţͷ԰ɶһֱ׳ԭľôһѱǰ˻ˡ
棬ֱۡ
ԭ뿪ûѷ赱£Ͼװģ˶ȥˣǵС˵ɲУһж״
û뵽Ź˼죬Ǿ󻰾Ӧˡ
ҲɺϣСӽ߽мҽ֤һһһǷ׼͵ɴºɱ
ԣһ˫
Ȼһְĸȫˣôһ硣Ϊ˲öѲƤԲ֡Ŷ˵ˡ潫ӾɾȻžһӦýˡ
˸˷ܵĹâСϤ飬һҪµʱģ
ֻǸ黹ûάֶãſڱ棺£˻񡣡
ԣ۾һ֫һ̯װϣүˣոҰɡ
СӼ˶ʱЦã£ĶôԼġ
ѣ˵Ҳôôأһ˼Ȼģ
СӽϾߵĻʰε˵£ȻܾˣúÿЩһ˳۵ģ
˳ƨ봺ûмˣ±ý˵ֱͦ壬ͷʣҵأ
ȻûͷûԵһ䣬Сˣʲô񣿡
ͲôôҲǼһֻ𣿡
СӻȻ򣺡ŶŶŶūżˣ÷үмү𣿡
ʱ۾һУǻЦ˵Сûаүչ˺ã˿ɵȥסĶ
ǡ
¶һӵЦȻôб£Ҫ˵ȥ
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ϣڶճϣһһĵֱӽľλ͹λߣˡ
ּûʵȨҲûûǿ׺Ѱÿ߳͢پѫ˳Ϳ˳ۣһҲûĴ˼
Уǵ¾͸ˣѩһڸ󣬵˵ǰǽи没һһ乥ڦܽû
ͬʱ˳۲ûеöˣΪб绤һվȻӵ˾ɶʱڳϳһţԴǼң
һʱ۲ݡ
ȴͱ
˹ְķĳɴţ֮л뵽»飬һ죬ֵشӵ֮¡۾ֻͬجһ㡣
Ϻүôƣôܼңλͷϣʲôûˡ
Ѿĸһһͻǲɢȥһ·߽լӣܿ͸ŰƽζҵԹ߱ġ
Ŀյ죬̫ˣҲѾľ
ֻǵԭŴ󷿵ĶҲ¶ǹɱͺڸǵķŭƲסӿ
ĳָŷԶıʣ˵ʲô
ԶӵĿ£֧֧磬ּҰɡ
ּңʱּңĳЦһҹδ˯۾Ѫ˿ֱضţԶ㣬ֱӡ
ǱϵĶһڣûãȥ˵ǰһĳɣЦ磬ǲʵ⸮ûʲôҵˣֲʵҲһ
ȻһΪηּң
αҰѻ˵̫أҲΧֱ֣˵ּҲ޷ֻǴ磬û˾Ҳû˹٣Ҫһѽ˵ҲڸḺ

Цɲ˭̳мҵ˭ңĶһ˭ǵճأ
ףȷˣĳ޷ģô
˼ҭסˣʱһ˦ӣߵ˸ϽԻǸֿܸĺá
ĸȥˣȻ⻰ûɻֵ໥һ˵ôүûпǣѵˣҪӲ𣿡
⻰ֿһӰĳһûסǰһͳסˣ͵ƿǡ
޳Уϸ鱦ʽĺö£һͷŭһȥĽǸϳȥڸ﹩ǳԴĶЩδٻԶôģ
Զһ߶һ˵磬Ҳû취źҪ㣬һˡ
㡭ĳֱ̧֣Ҫȥȴһס󣬡⻰Ͳˡ
һ˦ĳɵ֣ƤЦⲻЦ˭֪ٺ»;ԼöأСź˽ӶѹŴɩĶĹǳԴҪҲǴɩɱԼ𡣡
˱Ǽ죬ԭɵҪװùԹ˳˳ĳһУʲôӣǶ֣úԼɡûأͳȥɩǰţŶ˵ˣмҹ̡һ˵иʩءٲãǶĽﻨͳϢĶܲܿŹүͷɡ
ǹ̵÷ĳһֺ࣬ڣû㣬ǡãáȻ壬͸ýǸϳȥ
⸱ģҹշתాĺȦһǵĹĶķ棬ʿ
ϳȥһѽ򿪵ӸǸϣЦҪǰǸϳȥ㻹ô§ӣʮĺӶûˣʱмҹ̵ƢС˵㻹øл!
ۺı£λҲǵʲõģ˿Ѿãһͷ̧°ͣˣҲϣԼ߾ǡ
˵ͰͦأŶӣɷˡ
ϲϼʱ򣬶˾˷ּҵĴ㣬չȻϣһĶǻá
ĳؿȥıӰ޶޲
ԭںƭݵʱߵҲںƭαļ涼¶Ǿֻʣ侮ʯ
Ȼû꣬Լļҵû߶ãǮż˷һ߽
̧ͷ˿ͺͺңЦֹȻǳ͢Ŀ죬ˣаɣҲÿ϶嵥ɣ
ǣ
ǾͰ嵥һһϸˣ̷Ըһ붼мҶҴߡ
ǣ
嵥ûеģҲǼڲᣬЩҲмҵġ
ף
Ǯصͷûɻ󣿡
ͻȻһ䣺үô죿
˭ۣǮŷĳɿһۣЦУ͸ǵλС㣬
ѹ˫̥ġüëһ˲Ե
ǣһΪ
ǮһӣǾȥɡ˵ӭɫ׵ķĳɣЦүһͬȥԱе࣬Ҫʱ䣬ģ񸮽լǰա
⻰÷ĳסˣתһȦΧᣬ⾫ĴһһȻŵؿǮ
ģǮӲĳһ㲻Ϊժңܸլӣ
ĳɶ˶Ψһϡ
ĸ̾үʱסĵطСĻҺõġ


40 취
мҵլ, Ѵ˯ԱͷŴС˹ȥ
û뵽ǣȻ֮⡣
߻ӵ, ǶԲס, Ҽүز, ޷͡
ˣ
Ӧ÷űףĺ, Ȼˣ
ļٵģ
üβһ, ¶ζЦ
°ͣŷ˵Ȼز, Ǿˣүȥаɡ
⡭ŷЩԥ, ǰ߻ҵ, ԵȣСȥ档
ѵú˵˵ͷŷҴҵܽȥһȻй
СƵ֪
ô䣬, Ҳñ¸ɵſڣ˵ʲô
ССʣʲô
ıϾӡ֣
Сӡ
˵л, Ǽٰ
֮, ŷܻ, 󻹸ŷС˳, õ¾õȣʵڹⲻȥ롣
һƣⲻǱ
ϧų߽ӣ϶ĿʱСָָ棬˵£СүĲˣ
ⲻð
ĵ߽棬˷Ĵǰ۵С֮£ϸ˳յװδҲ̫ˡ
ʱҵȷˡ
ŶѲĹȣ˯ţ纮壬һ𣿡ô˵ţдţ
΢΢һЦҲǼд裬ҡź·а롣
ԭ򡭡˳ǣһϷʿ΢΢üѵúĵһ䣺үɵúú壬Ȼһ·ȥضûԼȵˡ
⻰÷ЩˣȻ֪˴˵ƤٿȥԵαǲңҴ⣬´αȻᡭȿȡ
ͻȻһʱѹֲסźϾæˮ˳ֻһ˺ѷͣ£¸ܡ
̲סιܲŵ㣬үоҪѷιӸȳҲеʡ
ȿȡȿȡĿȻ
æԶ㣬ⲻɣ
Ͼֺ˿ˮƽϢһһĳǾ¸ϽȥøȾ塭
ƤĻһ򲻵£ίˣһһߣզƵôš
һؿѵ£ٺİɣ
ôһֻѣͺˣʲôүɲɵСأң
ͦϵȷˣԲΪɴˣ桭ȷһ
ϾؿһҶһװˡ
Ƿ΢΢һЦʣҪ𣿡
Ȼûкúչǰ˵ãҪǲˣҵʡ
ûԣֻǷԸϾѰü
ǡ
һüü
ȡǲ⾡Իһȿȡ
ʱϾһµװŵľֻͷ̣Сվںڳ򣬿о
ƺǵԸľˣС
ӴǻˣӹŰͷ̴˴ڣһ
ŪһȻⲽߣ򿪴ӡ
ϾҪкͿ潫򿪣˴һ̧С˺˾ͷɰɣͷش󣬱ȹǿˡ
ͷһӴȥһת۾ͷûӰˡ
潫һţ˴ͷŷ裬һЦеǽиģɲϡ
һˮɤӣֻ캮ضۣ֪ܻܲ۽޴䣬֮ƣȴָ
뵱Ȼش𣺡Ҫ
𣿡Կ棬̧̧Ͼ£ȻùϲµóԸԶ뾩ǣա
֪ˣĸµشյǰʣˣ컹ûأô֪뾩
գգ۾¶һ޹ģ
һ֪СҪŪһ䣺ιɱٺŪˣϵˣԣ˵ʵ
ɻ󲻽ʵ£ʲôϵ
ѹһ¶īˮȷǱΪ飿
һˮǺסʱһҵؿ
ſڵϾŵָϽ˽ŵ˳±ǻӣŭĿӣĵү嶼ûأɾλڡ
һͬܽĻСӣС۾Ҳ棬һĲͬ˶ˣ£ͣЩɡ
˫۾Ǵ£ѵķ֣ӣ˼ѵ˵ˣ
ѧλ̵ѽʦ֪˲ÿé
ͣЪķڰ˰֣ϾȥͬʱҲΪԼС룬ֱ⣺£㶼ʮ˾Ȼû⸮ŲżһϹڡزۻ£磬һ鷳£Ͱûϲٿֱ߳ȥ
Դ˴⣿
跴ʣʲô
Ϊýʵڵݸһ˵ء
ʧЦǶ鷳ܿ͢ĻУʱѡ뾩ȷ֮ѡȵеʧܣһϵʤҲ˺øУȻ㣬ʱٷá
ԭɵۿڴߣڵĻ㲻ɵĴǰɫ棬ʣӳˣл
跴ʣϰչ𣿡
ûС
𣿡
ˡ
һ̯֣ඡ
ϸŲ԰׵㿴źһҲ
ʲôԤϵ£ֻǹôһʾ޿ܻܲϡеʣ˵ԸԸˣ
겻󣬲÷迴øСǸģܸһ־֮еĴ档
ǳԸ⣬һƺ󣬺ܿмҾʮˡŶҶֵΪˣֹ
ʱЦһתڳãǶԳжһ
棺ֿʼ׻ˣ
Ȼֵֻӣƽϣ׷ʵ㿴е
һۣȻûУδ֪Ķȥ
ô֪ʧܣ
䴽ƿб۴ȥ֪
ٸӡ
ðɡ轫ıӵ˹ȥ
濴˿û
°ͣýһ£ȻĿϵˮƣֱ׳ҿˡ
Ī˵ģûүź㣿
ղŻ˵Ǹ磬ֱүˣôƵô䰡ί
⻰žһϣʱЦˣӣűǲǣҴ𣬾ûźˡ
ڿʼҲü
ȿȡѽͷеΣ˼еңҲܡ財ڴϣ˵̫࣬Ųˡȿȡ
Ӯˡ
ĥĥһùӣӣĲҪ
Ÿյ˰뱭㴫ĵ£Ҫеģ̫ˣȲˡ
ȸˮôѾϵһ浹ˮ߶˶ңȻ͵˷ǰҪǲҸĴ𰸣㿴Ű졣
üβһʩʩȻӹһ򣺡û˵ʿеĶ˷ǳƳ磬Ǹĺߡ
ƽĶۣ治òͬû
Ļش÷ȻλȷǰϻǸĶĶͼɹķƣʵоˣ˵ûСȡġ˭ţ
費ɵǣؿĿ⣬·Ǽһ֧Ѿ׵ľùɡ
º͵ٺõߣһλᶨƣ֮ˣµһǿִߣԼһϸ£ͼ֮ġ˵ȱһɣȻεƺûС
Ŀ˸ŷʣô˵
һӣٱ֮˲ֻУִ߶Ϊ£ԼĹԱ˵أ޼ƿʩ֮²žټУôһϣһȼü֮ûϹĿ࿴ͼ֣֮ǶҪġ
ͷȻֻţ𣿡
򲻴ΪɶĿ꣬µĹԱֻ߽ݾӲƾնʲôòߣʱֻ֤Ϊѹյĳ
⻰޼ҸΪϬ
ЩȴԽ侲䲻ϲУȷΪ²˳δҲö
ϧֹˡҡͷŮʮĽӼãαŪ꣬˱ѾʧȥΪʸ񡣶ܱܣȻҲᱻ
޺룬ӵԲڴڼˣõ֤
ߣʮ꣬־ͬѾʧ߰˰ˣ֪˽ģȴǴӵߵֻЩ׷ͶѷӣοҪǷʮծҾܾҪ𣿡
ȻǲܵģôһѱǲʱܽԭΡ
ϵͬ˼ϵЦŨǾʿײ㣬˳ڳ͢գӵȻվǵʵʩƱؾҪ˺ҵ档ԲҪƶάֻȫֹʱ˺Ͳռһʧעλ缫һʱڸ׸ֻܳΪжεġˡ
˵꣬㿴棺ͣ»𣿡
һŶûôȥĲӣʮͣӿһϢоܿЩԶʵ澪̾
Ҫ֪Ҳǽк͸ЩʱԱֿٽռĸ鱨ܵóⷬƵĽۣ
۾ضŷ裬õĶ¼ֱֵ̫ˣȻҵһδı
뵽һƬȣԼ뵽ģ
һȽǫѷĴ𰸣ȻϾվھ˵ļǿøԶһЩ
ôǫ飬¶ҫۣиˣǾ;òС̫⣬˵ĵͦ˼ʵ̫ˣʵһ͹ˡ
ŶЦЦԸꡣ
ʵۻӹһа״
裺գգ۾һƬ˵ʲôҺû
Ǻװǲ̫Щ
ЩԸͲˣǵ
˹ˣȿб¡´ŷ裬ĿʵѡƵģȻյĶߣȻģô⣬Ҳˡ
۾ֻ˻аһЦ̲סַ˷ͷĲϲãֻʣһƬ
ôΣΪֹȴ壬ʵЩ
Ȼеѡˡ
轫ϵıʣԹͻȻ뵽̽ңΪ£ܲΪɣ
ʸڷϣȻǡ
ʾ
ҵĻ¡
һ㶣Ѿַ𣿡ѵһܲǵü޹̫ѽ
ϣҲбҵĹһյһˡգ鷳꣬ɼ൱Ը⡣
ʱ¶Ǿ˳۵¡
ޱ飺ͦ˳ۡ
Цˡ
оѵĶߵȷԸʹ˷֣Ǹ鷳
˼ǴѵʱȣҪָڴڼϣô취ĻҪ㣬ðűΣվ𣿡
۲ףѵŲˣ
ΪʲôĻţһ趼汳ûԼ
ֱ׳ûС
ˣ˵۾ѵҾˣ
㶼룬ŪҵĻӦòڻ°ɡ
ֵͬܣ߼أ
ˣһʱ˵
ûڷתһȦͷҰˣ㻹Ƿһ顣
裺һͣ㻹ˣ
ڿ̫࣬һᵽʲôʯͷԼĽš
ȻЩڷŵļ֣֪λȥü
谡죬Դһݵĺð취ҿɾָˡ˵꣬ʦͨؽĲյߣˮһңͻֱڱ
Ɑˮķеأ迴ڴı飬һݣ
ԶԣļŮҶҪһҲҡ
룬̵ʵеһеȣе
Ȼ۾ȴ˲ˣ̧ȭͷģ˵
ĿƣƮЧеǿ󣬸ԡ
ţ
ǰ˵ãһˣ㽫ҪʱҵԵˡ
⣿
š
ЦˣΪôأʲôϵصĴɷ򣬲¡˲졣
ؿÿͺá


41 
ĺܿ귽, һ𾪣
Ҳó
赭һЦ治ɫش𣺡ʱ, ȽϷ, Σ
ѵͦáɫӵؿŷ, Һү˲ӣ⾩֮Ķү˵ʱ򡣡
⻰ɲڿ佱, ΢ЦͿͣˡ
֮ⲻԱ
һЦ, ж, ͷ, ӣ׼Ųš
, رյĴϺȻơ
ڷԴˣ֮´򿪴һ, ֻһֻڵشĶ߷˽, űһŵͷë, ϸϸһƣͷһ, ٲȻǸձİͷ̡
ƵС, ʲô
ͷȻش˶ë, Ȼǲ׼Ųˡ
棺
, ʱЦ, , ˵£ҺȻ뵽һʫ
ͷ۵Сۣܲģڵ˵
ɳϿɹ۸ߡΪ±ʣҲӣǲرӦ
*
ջûд߰ͷ̣ȴͷ£·Ų죬˷ܵĹ⣬һµģ
СӸǰ·ĳգʵں棬̲סʣ£Сүһʲô⣿
ûлشûͷûԵһ䣺˵ĸĺࣿ

㻰أʲô
СӦǱ°ɣǶȥǶ㻯Ҳϻйֽأͬʢ
ͷУǴȥ
ǡ£ȥʲôСһ£֪ҷΪ˰ѻ£Ѳöķǳң
ҵȷȢޣҲ̫ˣ
뵽Сӽˣ£ǧ벻
ĥŰ£Ĳɻһţ
Сӳĳ£ۻȥ취ɣȥңҲѽ
ϢָʲôֱҪˣүٷĳʲôңȺͺ¿
ŶСһǾͺãǺܰʲôأ
ȡ
Сͷ⣬ʵڸ˼
һ̾զûСӵһִأ
˹ָСӽ˹ȥｫ˵ˡ
ô
СĿɿڴζϲ£죺ҲУһ벻ôӵУΪǿӱˣǿԼѽ
°ͣһ˼ǵģСӵļҾУҪĶŮ޹һݡ
ǡҲ̫СίѣȢ𣿡
˵ѵֻ֪֮ŮֻҪûϹһ㲻޸ңǻŮأɵȢܣãȫԶ㡣νѻһڣ˰ûһö
пǧϣȻƹСǰߡ
ǰ滹ô˵ĳǡһ仰ʱͷĵʱЦ߻ӴС£һԼү鷳ˡ
Ц̵࣬ϧǶѹСͬ棬˵£ǧô˵ԼСӸô֪꣬Ӳˡǻƣֲ캦º¡˶٣һ۳գǿˡ
ѵøԼСһĿ࿴񣬺Ǹжļ򣺡⻰ҿ䣬ү治ϡ
£Сǲ֪ôȰźã۾Χһʱ뵽⣬ҪɴԶȢСɣзģá
ԣ澪̾ؿ˹Сһ˵ڶʱԼô꼷۾Ȼû̳ˣȨ䣬ǱϾ̾ô꣬ȢС㲻
ӣҵջضˡ̾㲻ǱٻӣѹûУó
СӶʱίˣɶѽ
ҵ𣿡
СԲϸϸһȷԼƵô˴ѽ
Իش𣺡ǱСУȴдա
Ҳûϻȥ
һ㶣ǣ£ۣô죡
ϧѾֱӴһգѰԶˣССܵظߡ
ؾְլۡ󣬲УȴСȥҷʱԼ
Ǹ̤Уڣɲǰ𾢡ֻǻδվȽŸۼֿһסСӵԱһֻһһֱֱزСԭŴһһ˾һζ.ǹ
ɲǼ䣬Сӵ۾Բˡ
⻹ǰһһβĽýӰһֱۣӰǹֳ˻ȥһӵһһģһӵĹϵش
ٶ֮죬֮ͣʤƣÿһ
Źû°ɣһϽСӸ
⡭
ЦСС㣬дǲģһ˻ǲҪ̫
濴ѾӲặתͷ乵ʣӣ˵үȢؼǴլү
Сӣ
˵꣬ûٴŸһת첽ȥ
ЦڱѩǧﱼŮˣһܵ
мҵŮĶôõ³ɡ
*
ߣһߣݱ߽ӣǰѾԹԽȥİͷ̣Ųأô´ˣ
ŹͷᣬҲûСӽҨһӷŽͷͷ£Ŵսڣ΢΢һЦʶʱ񡣡
ߵ£ʣ˵ܲôּߵ£
Цǲε֪жѽ
ڳ֮͢⣬鷳Ϣֻͺܶࡣ
ߵ΢΢һܿˣЩȻǼ򵥵
ΪȻ
ô˵
Уδ̬Ҳȥѧʿһְձǰճ֮ա
׼⻹Ǻ˺Ҳᵹˣ
ͷһֱ֮أû֤ݱʹӳѩôȫƸŮһ̲֮ܽʱֻҪǮϣ㣬һƽϢˡ
Ǳˣʮ࣬ɶԶ˵ȴʲô
ȻȴҡͷУȴϣǷôһ飬Ժ󻹵Ĵ̫ˡ
еڶ·𣿡
ش𣺡С
ݲ졣
ǲǾܽˣ
ݵͷ֮ǰѾ뵵ֻǰĻܿ졣
ôլӣҲҪˡ
⻰ݲɵ裬Ȼס֣ʣڵͷ𣿡
Ƿĳɡ
ȻǣʲôõĵģЦãȻȴĳ˵Ͼһﲻᷴԡ
ĸ˽ΰ֮ˣ½˺֮ǣҲΪ˶ӿԴɬûֻͬǲϣϾ·Ӷǡ
һ㶣ô˵
ĿģȴУⳡժȥôİ취ծݹ˾ǮȾѪҪ
ݵ۾һʶץ˷֡
ֻҵĲ²⣬ɾһ跴ݵ֣ƽϾ˵ֵͬĶʮ֮ˣһҲõһϧοĳﲻţʹˡ룬߶ӣռҲǧָˡȿȡ

û¡˰֣˵ˣܡ
һ³ô÷ô죿
ңǲҶֵġ
ǡ
ң˽ᣬܹ˭˵뿪ʱĳҵģʵ˵Ʋͻȥˡ
ʵɢǹȥĳпܾһ˰ˡ
뵽ݼᶨվȥ

Ҳںң㣬мңһڷ͵һ
Ҫתȴ賶סӣȥòװǣ
ǡ
Ц߽ȥɣ͹ˣһأ
ЩʱǮǮƴ򽻵ȴܹ񫡣
ֻЩʲȻҪȴݶУÿὫ˲ύݲ鿴
ֻǽգҲڡ
ЩĶᶯʵ̫鷳ֶ˸̼ҵ䵱ֱӾ͵شˡȻǮϻЩ𣬿ˣأı׬ģϾǾ͵̻áǮ͵
ףãôɡ
ùþÿԾͺãЩصֻСѾ͵ⷿͱܿЩҪߣЩãҽӣׯźãЩ
׵ЦӢ䣬һðҿɾæˣδѩֶԴһϲͨ
ֹһϲͨһ˱һһܵ÷ɿ죬Ψһôžլˡ
ʣԺǼ鷿û
Ǯش𣺡ûУҪ˵أ鷿˭ڴսһ죬ȥֻ±Ūˡ
Ͼͬһȥ
á
ȥ·ϣϾȥʱһĸ塣
Ͼһܿˣүǹүġ
ʧЦֻһϣϾ·
ūס
⣬鷿ֵǮĶûڷϣָֻͶǶɡ
ǡ


42 Ĺ
ƲҵұΪҪɲ, ֱӴԭΣȴû뵽λڣǰӭ˶̽
˶Ҫú, տ, ͢δҪ˲, бĪҪġԲڴ˵ò뿪, ɴΪ͡
ȶһ, ɱ㰴Ͳס˷, Ҵܻص׵Ĵǰ, ̫ˣԸǻ, ЩҲûʲôµģվĴѧʿ
ޣ¹Ȼ, ع
ȻڴϢȴûʲôˣδԽ̡
ȻӰ, ϵЦҲ
ûж, ֻǳʣӳѩûгȥĳɣ
һʸڷϣû, , Ѿ֪ˣú÷ʡ, ٸĳǣ壬ͱˡ
ûжԣֻȥй
, 
ӳѩ֪䵽յز, Լǣ, ھεͬʱǺ¡֪׻𷣣ֵֻܻ̿عڴǰкͷŮТ
תͷɪŮ֮ʱӳѩֵഺ껪ŵ壬Ȼʮȥټ֮ʱȴǽüĿؼơ
仯˭
г³һӳѩǵԲ㡣
ӳѩ۾ȵ̧ͷŮ𣿡Щ޴룬ŮʶǳֻԼšĻ£ҡ
˵ˡִ̧εϷʸ糾òиޣȴǹŸ֣ʹдҲϷĴûл㰡
ӳѩֱԼĶ䣬вûǸ
ˮӯۿдҲ̲סôſеĴǰ
ӪӪһգɨص³۸֣۶ӣޱߵĺڳͷھθ޲þʹȥ
˺ĵĿϵ۾Ҳʪַ̧Ůͷϣḧţӳѩ£ԺеڣûЩίˡ
˵ԭӳѩ·õ˾꣬һ߿ޣһץסеֽš
ֻǵһ¡
ֹסӳѩ̧ͷۣһܰʲôأ
Ŀؿ
ӳѩ֪ΪΣ£Ȼ©һ£˽Ĵյеߡ
˵һ仰ʱ۾Բ㵵ֶŵѧ
б۾ص·ˣӳѩֻܾҡ
ӳѩҧסɸ˵Ը⡭
飬Ϸ򻹲𡣡
ӳѩһһһģô죬òײи
֧϶ʵ۾ӳѩֲ̧Ϸ򶨵ӿǰ̡
ӳѩҺˣĸӲܹѽ
*
ҹĻ٣ܾףҶѾûжˣЩûߵģ޷ǻûҵŵĵطߵҼ©
ǮȻĶգճ֮类ѣʳȴģܲ˹ƨɣϾ·
Ļķĳɲ⣬Ͷ鷿һյ谵ĵƣԼ黭УֽŵĴªīɬʵëڣֻͣ·ʵ
վˣȻ֨ѽһ
ɸ硣ڻ谵бŴ
ĳͣ˱ʣ̧ͷվſŵӳѩӰڶҹѩΪⲻǹ̬ݡ
ٿĳɣֻʧһܻ
һ־У˽ĺͶˣʳ
ʲôĳɰݵѣһƬɳƣʯĦ
㲡ˣӳѩе
ĳɽսӲһΣʲô
δ˵꣬ӳѩ㶪˵˽һ˽˷ĳɵĻʵɸ磬ҷĲ㰡!

òԶĶССſڴϽţߴѷԹôȥôãͿϺϷˡ
С˪˵Ҳչǰ谵ĵƻ£ֽӳճ˵Ӱ
ȵѽ
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֪㣬ˣعһԸأԲԣԼԡ
δ˵꣬Сһȥڣͦ㣬ȱھơ
ʲôƣС˪һۣȥǸĸģǲֱӳ档
֪ˡСعһԾԶˡ
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ѩĳ۾ʪҲ֮§ס֮ˣ૵һõģһãٹ
ӳѩ۾촽һĵƻ£һ˲Ⱦʪ˷ĳɵļͷ
˵ɸ磬һһӣĶӣԶǵ㡭㡭ܲܳȫǣ
һɲǵůһ仰Уʧˣֻʣ´̹ǵı䣬յѩҹ֮һ
ĳζû뵽ϣȥ˲ݣǴСʦãʦ
ӳѩûоôҹɫмͿ뿪ˡ
ĸҴҸƿ鷿ţͬһˣү
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ĳվСϣڵĺ棬ҹ£Сѩֲָ֮Уֻĸһյ΢ĵߡ
Ȼ󣬿Ƕҹѩ˿˿͸Ƥ裬̲סź䡣
ĸ˲öֽţһԿȰţͲ
ЩȥĻĳɸȥĸΪʲôأ
ˣүô죿ĸ
ĳɱһЦź棬һͻһЦԹúȴĿ飬ŪһͿŷۣȻǣңֺα㡭
ĽŲǰɵŲŲǱĺˮĿȻ
ڼɽС׼֣ȴС˪סˡ
һ䡣
С˪ƲƲ죬ָָ̧ˮ˼ǣˣپȡ
СʱһĴȣеһԹͷžͲˡ
һ룬öӵЦЦѵôһ¡
ͷĸʹҡͷģү˵ǣҵģүүð
ĳɲЦĪҪƭңߵλǵѾ̫ʧˡ
վĸףүĸŶ֣ӻͳһƱһЩϸӣֻûץӵ˵ϡ
˲ʰ񣬼пŷĳɣǰϾү鷿͵͵ҵģһⶼүⰡ
ĳɴŵϵ۾ʪ죺
ĳϵĶݣĸһϲæٽϾ˵һ㹻뾩漮ȥûʶ㣬ѧʣµһҲܹúܺãү߰ɣ뿪ǷǷǣͷʼ𣿡
ĪҪƭҡĳһ˵֪ԼҲܲסˡ
ĸʹҡͷС޶Ůôûʲôӣ֪ġүүƣϣĹ£ð
ȥүô죬ҵ˼𣿡
ûʲôã˾ݺͷ衣
ѵҪôүָָ㣬ĸױĸ𣿸οǮ͹᲻֪ûֹ
ݡĳڿҶԲ
ѾվںߵĽת˷򣬵ĸǰضĹһһ𣬽ġ
΢֮дһѹֵˮƽ
һҹĸǷĳɣŵۡһ顣
ԺѾʲôûˣߵľȻһ˿룬ԺֵӺͲȴɻڣĳɿԼ֣ȻҲͦá
һԺˡ
ڷ鷿ϱµᣬϤּʱȻıʷʾеȴѾˡ
үⶼǴүµֻã񡣡ĸָеĻչյĳɵǰ佱
Ҿ֪ҵĶӡĳСĵظѾɵīŷҩǿһһģ۾ˮ£ڲѣѧ˲ܣĸףǶԵġ
˵꣬Ĩһ۾ֻݸĸһǾ뿪ɡ
ĸ˵Ӧһ
ЩҲһ߰ɣⱲǼˣŻҲá
ĸᣬ̲סʣǣ֮ǰҪȥүϾ˵үԲڴء
˼ô᲻ĳü¶ǡ
үҪǲģ硭
ĳɻҡͷԳʸȥ淴¡
ĸһ̾ǣǿҪţ
ͬİ·á
ڶһ磬˫̥뿪ǲŻظȥϢ󣬶չһЦǿԷˡ
ݵͷԸĹ£ͷˡ


43 
ĳɵ뿪, 㵵ĪңϢʱ۾Ⱑ
, ô죿
ô죿׷, һƪһƪĵѹмʹ, ʵ۶ּ⣬, ġ
˼ǲƽϢ, ڸżҲûлȥˡ
뵽, еȥһ˶, ү, ұб𡣡
ǡӦ, Ҫȥһ뵽ӳѩ, Ϊѵ, á
ᵽӳѩ, ڱǶݵĳĬ, г¶̣̾һ, ȥֻһ
һͨһ, , , ҪнնãдҲﲻ
ʹؿһͷ
мˣ̧̧֣ĶȥˣûĳɶĸӳǣҵŮΪҪ
ŨŨķֻ̣£һ˿ءһŮҲ벻˾ҰɣӴưŷ𣬵񳤴󡣡
Ͳڼ𣿡ɲ˵Ҳ̫ˡ
Ϊһֵܵٷ꣬˵ʲôʱûˣȥǽгϢҲܻ
ҪûϢأ
֪еľѾ޴Ӹģɲ𰸣֪ˡ
*
תС굽ˡ
ѩѵ÷硣
ȥ¥յķլѾջأҲòܶİʮɶΪˣǸ
裬ȥ𣿡СӹŽһʵ
СϣԶٵطŶ鷿ָ壬ͷҲ̧ػش𣺡һµ꣬ô͵ϣ
£
ⲻƵ˫̥࿴˿
Сǲǽװɵ㶣
С˪Ҳ֪Ҿöˡ
ϵϾţ͵Цתֵĵˣү˻᲻Կ
ΪҲʮֻ࣬٣˵ҼҺĽҲӦ˵ֵһȥ߽㣬ⱾҪȥŵǱߵ
Ŷ𣿡
š
շźϾһᡣЩе鷿Ǿ﷽ĳɵĲƷ
Ȼĳʥ˹ò˵ĲȷḻҲһʲСĲƸ¹鵵֮ǰһȥȥù
뾩ʱ䶨ԪںԷеʱ佫õ鼮ȥϣرǿƾ顣
ҲǱߴ棬˫̥Ըµ㷽ᡣ
ⶼЩʲô鰡һģһСַ˷ֿĸоܾЩҶʶźö֮ҾͲ֪˭˭ˡ
ϾӹӣЦǿƿ飬үҪƾء
ѽС˪ȵصԲ۾ؿ裬游Ҫ֪мҺ˸ģһˡ
Ȼûദʱ䣬ǷҲ˽ƫжء˵ǹмҽÿ߼ôѧʾͭȫ΢һץϹĽ׶Ρ
ǮǮѧ峵
Ȼһ⡣
ѧǰʦûУĪҪѧɲѵ·ɿƾٲǹ⿴鱾ܻģ·ֶĶУͷҲȸæ
뵽˶Ҫѿˡ
㣬߽㣬ۼûѧʱȽϺõģ̶ܴﵽ
аҲػش
ԾϲУµĸĻ𣿡
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ɶǸ𣿡
Сش𣺡ǻϴ֮֮ǰǴ֮ء
ˣȻѵǴӾбŵģ
Сȵô֪
뵽ϡᵽʱȻˣʣǲոߣ
ôŶʱ򣬶Ǳ͹ùòˣӦûϵ
ԭˣǹǸ޵Ķˣ˵δû뵽ȻŮֱ̫ˡ
޿ǹϵĴ壬£֮иӵǿϧû֮ذȥŸгͷĻᡣ
Ϊ֮ӣλѧʾԲһ뵽﷽ЦЩȲָء
ҲСֱӱ¶ѧıʡ
С˪ѵûи̧ܣƽ裬ʵ㲻ôŬ廹ûأڣżҪôŬǻôһ߶
ɷܲŬ
ͷβǣ˱岻һһǷִǸոպá
;ģ׼Ȣ¶Ȼŷֵģһֱȵݺͷĳɺ룬ɹмҲ豾֮Ŵ顣
Ϊʲô
Ϊ֮ǰû£
ȻҲûʸԹ˭ǸһǴСүأҪǻһ͢߹٣ˡ
԰ȻƺѾõִĴƱǾĸλÿԼı¡
û£ҵרȥǽעʱһץùˡ谲ο
ã˫̥˲ˣŷ轫ῸԺ̯ɹ顣
߳⣬ѵõĴ죬ĥŽ춼Сˣô滹ûжĪǾ̫ˣ
Ҳԣһ㲻ôɣǺߴ˵ġ
ֻǲɹһ̫ͼܹŹֵ˵үһȺкƺƵˡ
У˫̥֡
ǣٶˣǱ߹ģ˵
ϾʵĶĺУ
¡ն˶٣ּһй㻯¡
ףԸôһҪ𣿡Ͼɻ
ҡͷŲûİգҲûвʩͦģ˭ҹû£·Ƶˡ
£ǵʱλı߹Ͼ
ӣСҲ֪Ҫȥ
˫̥࿴һۣ̽һţС˷ܵȥ֪ˣ
԰裬һȥ֣ʰС˪һס
˵ʵ¶˵ʵ̫ƨϳʭѾסɴӦСܰæֲ˼;ˣ˽ڣһ˴Ҵҵȥ
С㣬С㣬ү߲죬㡣ϾæţŴߴٳգȥүˤˡ
˿̵ķ裬ޱȸӵģ˵ĵһ仰ʼ֪ĸĽ
ȻгĹͷʦޣıʿԼ
Ϊʮһ͵Ĵ꣬ԼѾûˣû뵽ɽɽһȫ繲ٵ棬һ·Ҫķ񱼡
ֻܸʰ·硣
ſڵʱȺлûݽҸͳ
ƺ̸ĲֻЦݣз˿ݴŮкܣл档
ݸЦЦ¿ˣ˼Ȼӻָ˳⣬ôмҵĶԹǵΪֹ
л˿ݣĳдǷǷ
ûǫѷÿ񣬡Ը˽еȣ˺ͨ
⻰˵зζüֻǶ̬ϻЦòǮ𣬱ϵмҽãͳһƤЦⲻЦļƣƵģžͲǡ
ͷˣֺαһ̾Ҳף˱˳
áƶЦ
˵ţһӷŸнľûԶ˶ʱһͬȥ
ֻ־ͷתĸɮ˵ӰģϲŪ飬ۣžģĽ·ϤݣǱº͹㻯µĴС
ǵŻɫµСУһһһŸһŴӹսתûû˵˶飬ƺƵûľ㣬Ŵо죬֣ڲƮֽǮ£Եñˡ
·ɵĸۡţһֵҲɵЦݣͷĬĬصŶ龭
ѾˣҪľġ
ͬ˫ֺʮŴм֮Ƶʣ˭ûˣ
е¡أȻ󡣡
ƺ̫ôüû˵˭ˡ
Ȼе̫ྪȵָ˶еһ˵үߵ¸ϵĹ¡
㵣ߣ
ǣūżΣûϴ
ö˶˵ֵһ
Դ벻ףߵӣûһ˳ػʶֿ˿кݣλѵͳһ˱飬Īм߽þ͸˵ˣ²֡
ڱǿų꣬ûգֻܷԸһȥʣô¡
ǡ
ֻӻû߿ͼĶܳһ£ߵߵص˶ּ񣺡Ӵ£ԭɽС˺ҡ
ã㣬ߵʲôһԶȥĺж飬еͷۣģͲͣЩ
ǹܼҳ̾һ˵ˣյµڱ˲ѣ˴ʦ£ø
ͣ治ɫ˵⻰ʹӲ֪飬ΪȢ׶꣬صء
ȻΪĸ磬Ҳˣ
ǰ˵ºüôȥˣʵǡºһ̣Ѿúˣǰ䡣˵꣬ģһ߰̾Ȼ˿мλ˹ֵǷүСģҲǰ
һ񣬾ɫҴҵظһҡ
źô¡
ˡ
ʲôʱɵף
ʳ˵


44 
ⳡ³û񸮲, ƺƴ󣬳ٶɮ·ۡ˰, ǰ˿, ˺ѷεؾûֹͣ, Ŵֵ, ˾֪, ˭˲֪ˡ

˶ʮĹĶ
ĸˣ
еõѫڲͬص㲻ͬʱ˵ͬһ仰, ͻȻƽ޹ʵôһ, Ȼ˭ͷϡ
رʲôֶ, ô˾ôһҲš޹Ⱥһͬꡣ
ȻǺ, үǱǡϵķ˵
λѫү̷˵ĵ, ҵĹ˾ǰ, λվûһҪǲȥ, ǵ
ûȨû, ƾǷݾ˫ĲҪо޼ɣʵ۶û취
Ǳȥɡ˵, ˱ϴ¡
ۿŷ˾Ҫȥæѫүæסæ, ȥ̽̽ϵĿڷ, ʲôͷ, ȻǼشȥʲôӡ
ҲǣǾٵȵȡ
ѫүַԸһȥȥȱһݵ͹ȥ˲֡
ηĬĬؿһۣû˵
ˡ
ߵλ˺Ȼһ䡣
ô˵
ЦѫûƵĻƻŮԼԥ˵꣬ͷҲصˡ

ȿȡѫүʱβѣһ֪˭ʯͷϷҪƣ
ͷΪⳡöмߣǮĲ㡣
ʮӲǸСҲ֪ƽóô̫۾Ʊ֮⣬ׯӣӣլӣŶֻ棬Լҿ񵥣ϲΣ֥̲ҩЩܼҹѾʮˡ
Ǯ˵ִ꣬ϻӣƱ̴ž졣
ˣҿûǼڲĻаͷ棬˵͸ùúǽõģһķıӦǸ裬Щ񡭡ˣƱպܹܵ
Ǯ˱ݸݣùãô
˵ȫĺ㡣
СָͷǲǸ̫ˣԶʮ
˵˽Ǯش
Ҳ̫ˣ˵ûǮ𣿡
ݿ˷裬ô
ù嵥ʮʱ䣬ϢɲֹӦõġ
ǡ
ﲻ̤ʵ
ݵ˵ͷ̫۾ˣȥ
أֲҪģǶԷԼģҪȥˣҲں˵ʲôδѩν
гüЩͬ
ⳡо仰Ǯ¶ڶǣùú뻹ܴ׬һʣʵΥǮ˵
г˵ȥ˵һѿ
ͷǹİɣ
Цǲǹ⣬ǾͽһլӾã캮أҲ㾡һౡ֮ǴΪת˵
ǮһʱƵãҶôصôͲֵܶգ
ԶԶԣ͢ʣʵ˵
һһȻģЦЦٿݣʣɻǣ
ҡͷޣǰͷ棬ŲתھǣԱ⣬Σ˳ûӦõģǸ֧֣磬Ǿأ
߽û࿴˿гЦõ˵ùãЩӵΣõȥ飬ٺòˡ
С˵ְ£ҲѹףǰɣС˪
С˪һüӰҳ.ǹٶȡ
Ǿô˵ˡ
˶ͷۣ߻Ӹϵĸ档
ԣߵµ˭
˷裬˶ҡҡͷ
֣ȥôڶû
˵ţմҴҵش˽˴ڱĻУŴˣүСǣү¶Ҵˡ
˵ǻȥءС
Գյı˲Ťһ£µС㣬СľûǲҪȥĺá
Ϊʲô
һˣһ֡
ˣ˶
صصͷˡ
ʲô
һ
˫һģ̧һ壺ԣһ˵ߵ˺ü꣬иˣȡǡýη¾ǸġȻЩԾƵؿ֮ˣүզ֪ģ
裺ˡ
һһ˹ȥϴԵ̽
治ɫƽشµġʵû뵽⣬ܸɵóô飡һʱ̫𾪣©ݡ
ϧѵүװľ޹Ҳûš²𰸡
ⲻİɣЩȷʱ䣬ǰԵ޹ʵ裬ͦɵģա
ġ⣬ܳ𣬱Ȼܰ
ֻͷ̲û𣿡С˪Ĵԡ
˲ĬǺʹԴҲ벻ƾֵİ취
Ǯļܰľ飬˸ŮˣǾԺŪȥģͱˣϰɡ
ʣѵҲʱ򣿡
Ǯ𳤳һ̾һ³̫ÿѼӲ
ˡ
ǰˮЦߵ±ȽͶԵ˼䡣
ھЩ
Ҳϸʱ˸עǣߵΪʲôҪһ¡صİ£˶֪Ĵ𰸡
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ٶźؽ벻֪Ѱɡг
һ⸼棬С˵䷲ǽеϺŵĶȥ֪ͨˡղ
ͷ䶯ǣ룬֪һӵЦʲô
߳ŭһ
ŭ
ҡҡЩΣߵһû𹫷ߣծ಻ѹˡ
ǡ

ѵΪʲôһ
δѩȷʣŪˣ棿
ʩʩȻ˿ˮֹ
ʱ߽˵ԺûԸߵ½ˡ
ʱüһЦֿ͸
ˣɣ
ΪʲôżȢ𣿿ȫ˼Ҷˡ⣬ϸ˭Ըã²棬ҲӦˡ
̯̯֣Ц

ֻǸӣɽҪģλȨգһ뵽ռλãǻʵ۴ͻ飬ŮҲܲȫµĳЦ
һݣǴġ
*
ϵĿɥְ֮໻һ޺˷ûͣЪټϴһ¸ñ˳׻֡
úԺŶȿССææ·¯ĿƬ硣
£ˣ쳢˾ʧǹζ
Сֺϣһ˫С۾͸¶ſʹӣʵ̫ˡ
СͷƳһ۹ӶҪСӣһϢڣͷ¿ӣڰ֣ˣԼ԰ɡ
С˲üЦл¡
ǰͷ𣿡
СĹĹģʹ֮˵ûУϢûţ˭һᣬ˵ȥЦο·ּġ
治ͷʵ𣿡
Сգգ۾һɻ󣺡ʲô
Ȼǵǣ񣡡𻰱ɾСӵԴһ£ÿɸֵȺжֲǲ֪үôӰⳡ£ô̻˭뿴һ޴
СԴǽſ⣬еί˵˵ѽ
˭أҲûضԩֻõУȻûɸҵǶ͹ˡ˵СӲòԼӣ£ôƵİ¶ͣūųһͦرǶĺء
ԾѵүҪĽȥ뵽һֲɵϹŮΣô᲻֪Ϊʲôô
뵽׷Сȥȥ̸֪˵᲻ᡣ
Ȼ϶Ƿҳٶȵǲͦζ
СƲƲ죬û˵ԼӿķǣԱ֮ʣ£ǶҪҪ͵ȥ
ư̧ͣͷɤӣʣҵ
С˵˭
ү¶ܸɳ𣿡ֱ׳
Ŷˣưˡ
СӵĻҭһ£һˣү
ĶӴСӼ¯ϺеķŽѰһʳУ˵ūȥȥ£Ըɡ
ۼСֺߣѵķ֣ӣЩ
ĶõˣһָͷڶΨһһָ
Ȼûã߹꣬£ˡ
ʱһǾɡЩҲ˵ˡ


45 ˺
ŭ, ڵףһ·ѽѽãյ¯ӱ߻ˢ, ʱӿ, , ǲǷˣûһ߳ģ
Գֽ˽еķȶһɶָıӾһͨպΪҲͰ, ڸʲô, , ôԼɽȥȫ¶Ц, Ϊߣ, ﻹһ𣿡
ôһȥô仰, Ҷ䶼ˡ첻£Ƭˢһ㽴, Ž, ۾ܣȻ̧̧°ʾ¯Ӷ, 簡, ԲҪô󣬲¡, £Ե㿾⣬ȳԱ, Ҳü
㡭Ѫ˲쭷, žģ޲ý¯Ӹ߷, 棡
ءˣСᣬر쳢ƺûѾʧرԵľڵؼһС͵˶СУ죬˾ͲóˣˣҪҪھƣ
ҧƺֻ֪ԼǱ۾ӲһӾ沿˪
üβһһӣȻ̧̧֣µľƱһ
磬롣
ˣж˶Ʊ۾ദ˽ʮֵܣȻŷ겻Ŀ̽óҪҪȢף
ԸԸ⣬Ѿѡ˼ңѾʵǰС꣬ձǳϦ֮Ȼ˳ͻ顣
ôһ˭ôҪȥףԺ׼ҡ
ûٿķǣ˳ǣȻ롣
ʱһͣͻȻԶ磬ǹҵģ
ôƱСãҲôΪ
˲侰ɫһ䣬ֻ۾ض棬žƱַ·һ̾ܽССյˣ
û뵽СӾȻһֱװʲôŮֳͽӵΪֵܣֱ˻£ǰˣ
뵽ҧʵΪʲô
̵ؿȥѵ𣿡
ٲԸϣҲȷѾ֪ĸӵĴ㡣
뵽ŭ̧Ʊһ£ʣʲôʱ֪ģ
ÿɵһȶ˰ɣôܸ㡣
ˣɫɲڣǰպ˵̼¯ӣҪ
˺ܾòŽǹȥһǣҳ˽ģߣĸӣҲ㲻ôֵܸ飬ҪԸֱ˵ǣΪ˷ĺ𣿡
СƱ˵װģԼҲѶáûģĶĺģ
ϴЦȴǱҸǰƵġ
˶ΪԵ±ԹܽۻҪǸ۵ĺӣֱҲûˣԻϸĴȿʣһ·Ϊ֮ס
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ıȾǰ㶢۾·Ҫҵ𰸡
ҲûжĿһ˿Ϊĸӷ곡Ϸ߯ô̫ˡ
Ȼ˺Ҿֱ˵ˣǷѾĻҪĶҾԲȡǰӣҲͬӣ˭˭߹󡣡
֮У¶Ұģĳ.㣬ŨŨƣֱʹ˾۾
˿̣ԣţֻдǰͷǰ˺Ŀ޺ȵļ˺еαװ
ھЦˣӵЦԳֱģŤЦҡͷһ乬֮ӣһ֪ĸ׸˭µ֣ʵۣģ̫룡ʶÿ𣿡
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Ϊ֮ǳϧأܾǸ岻ãʧȥ׵Т˳ӡ
뵽ưͱһҲΪʲôȥ⣬ϾλζͶд治ķǡ
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һ뵽棬ͻȻȥ̽̽ĳ嶯
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ϲϳϣҾǾеôǲ֪㲻˽ɲ١
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û˽СؼﲻˣѧɲšȻϣǵȷҲ˽ӴĻᡣ
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͢ЩѾϰʮȻŸְλºܱܿǺӵܡ
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ţ
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46 С
С, ϰ׾͵óԽӡ
ͷΪġֵȮ֮м߹һڻ, һӡ
ֻз豧¯, ̼ߵҡϣλŮӢ, , λ
ֻСС˪˫Űϵ, һĿ, ײ, Աߵһʼ֮˵ţͨĳ, ӲͳӰ˫С
۾, ۿɼ⻯Ϊһ̲࣬˫һ̲շޱһ̧ͬһѽסδѩ̧ײ޷쵹˫̥ǰѾ˵İ, ͷ㹽𣿡
ԡֻ߾˲װģǮϽش
δѩһۣ, ʵ衣
Ǯеί, һţԼܾûҳ˱, ̾һ, Ȼܴඡ
˲һ㹽Զ, ׼ȷԴϡ
Щͬؿһ, Ȼػش𣺡ԡ
ԣǽײ㹽ȳԣС˪СϽ硣
˫̥һӦ£ϡ
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һ·̲ס̾㣬ַһǳġ
ǣÿʱ游ضҪǶټְӣܲ𣿡ޱһϣһ߽ڡ
ͰײˣԼ㹽һԵôг⿴ž֪Ľһóԡ
ÿҲֻʱȫҲܶݾһĸ绹ڵʱžС꣬ʿְ꣬ȴϳ¥䣬ֹг˻
ǿһԵ˵Ļ룬ЩԳû뵽Լһֱڣ뿪̫ãˡ
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ϡЦùãӽɵðмҵĹأĲöԼԣֵûóԡ
ԣԡµǸ͡
ߴߴ֮ǵ˸ҲˣȻͷȻ˵ǰĽӶǶǴԲģڶرǼСĶųء
㣬ֵûó԰ҡʼߣӣҲһ
СϷʣ裬ваҪɢˣɵԼԡ
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ΧЦ
С˪Ц˵ֲͷһ֪㲻
δѩ˵۾˵˵ôԵ
ϵޱƳƳ죺ֱӴͬ׾ͲߵĲ֪˭Ŷ
ò׽Ӿãϴ˫ֵķ˵۾һԾؿδѩ
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ѵûзޱĻɷµ˵ùã裬ǲ֪ǶŮѽǽҪҲɾһ˽
Щŵӽճˡͷӡδѩļٵģǡ
δѩʸڷϣҸޱһһͷѾͷңʶ𣿡
ǮɤӣҪ˵δѩϬĿ˹һ̾Ц˵ȻǣҼ裬Ȼսһˮ֮СҺ׾ͲߣЭͬҽмҴš
δѩ˰ɣӢ۾ȡһ۲պϵɷڰ֣Ǹ˼
ΧĽϵı龡һѾ
СѵСʣ㣬»бҪ𣿡
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⵹ǣİ취ܻҲһġ
ۿ˵Ҫ䵽ԼæװȲģЦʣ㣬ǲѾˣߦƤˣ
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㣬϶˵ҹԡ
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£
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ЪϢūȥұС㡣
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ǡ


47 
СӼش̿Ͽ, һҲס˿˿裬СѾߵȲ, ǧл, ߶µڣȻһ̾, ĵֻˡ
Ϣ
ı, СӻͷͼԼģرֿǽϹŵֻ, ·ʿһ, װͦô¡
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зִھͲվˡ
Сһ, ´ΪǷȥ, Ҫ֪λǵĹ̡
ʱſһӰӡ
˵ţ±ʹѣ˿̲Ӧڸж˵Գ鰧˼𣿡
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ҹ𴲵ԹĻдŨŨķ̣СӣĵȻˡ
ɤӣһػش𣺡Ϊ̫ˣһģҾ絶ʣ뻹һͬ

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Ц֪ˣҳ⣬һʱһ
趮硣ڰ֣վүˣΣԲס
˿⣬ƾԼһ·ڣûָ˭
ưΪɶ˵Ҳֻǽ飬һʲôͬͬͲĿǷΧ
ҰݰҪ˭ǿǡ
Ҳûѡ
Ȼ뵽ǣѾСҹҲؼԲӣȴɻذýԼԣִҹطǽͷΪӣùȺǴӵȻ»Ұһε棬żҡ
С磬׼뿪
Ȼסǣǰҵ𣿡
عͷЩ˵ѵǣһɻˣô㻹ϣ
ɷûֻЦŵͷϡ
Ҳ¶Цݣһ䣺ϵ
ȻˣѵһΣǲæߣ²һ
ȻɵؿЦƺϵķ裬ͷСӣʲôʱˣ
ſʱˡ
㻹˯澪ɵȦͷϡ
˯ѾûˣǸȥѵ𣿡
費˵ãһ˵꣬һƵԣͼСڨЦСǸ¡ūŶˡ
*
û߳ɣһǰһڵĽӡ
Ķˣǽܣ·һϵλͲעڵĻӲЩ̻ʡ
СһǴĽӣ֭һ˫С۾Цһ졣
ͻȻ̧ͷֹͣ˾׽¶Ź֣װ֪ʵôˣ
ͷ£Ȼִ̧ȡһӲڵƻǰһͭǮ
辪ȵϲ£ߴˡ
㶵ؿţͭǮȥ·ûƵ棬˵ƺôϰף֪ʲôҪԽӣͷŸǮң˭Ե˭кˣ𣿡
ţСꡣ
ȻͭǮ˵ԭˡϴһЦĲʲôꡣ
赱ûֻʣӺó𣿡
УǳЩģЩڶЩ٣ҳղС̧ͷͭǮ޵ոƼһʳһ
Ұġ
Ծһ£´ŷ裬棺ʮָմˮСүӣ̫߳ˣ
ô̭˵𣿡費˵ӡ
ûУүϡҪһӷŽһ飬ģ
ðɣҳϣҾ£ڰƤǽģмҴͳСһҪһԶְӲ塣
ôҲ߯鷳Ȼȴ޷Ƶ¶ĽƺʶԼʧ̬ͷһƲվ˵ˣԱ㣬үûȥˡ
û͵£˿һʱһķ˲ӡ
ͷ̫䣬ľͲˣһǸ
ǾͶл.¡
治˵Ҳûðźߵ߻գС˽ͳţֱӻԼݡ


48 
ڶڴɹ̨, ǿŴǷĳ嶯ŵϵĵ
Ȼ첻˵ﻹ״, һš顱ι˹, ԲڴŴ, Խϴʱ͸ⳤ
޻ڴܻڸ, û뵽䱾ȫ¿Ц, , ݲˡ
һ, ʱһˡ
Ц̧ͷǿɵðұԶԶģһҲٻ
ˣû뵽治, , ˳ؿڴֱߵĲյ;
ңͷң׼ƫ, Ұ, һ˰ˣ
ӣ˳ԥ, ֱӸ߸ߵ̧յҪȥȻʱ, ȴ㵵طӾѾ档
ô𷣣´Ƥ, ɴ, Ҳûһᡣ
Ȼ, һФĳ˵¶Ĵ˳Ҳ²ȥ֡
ݵĳĬط²յ
Ұôˣֺ̧ݺݵĨһʡ
˳۷ʹĵʣ㾿кβΪʲôҪڣֵַھУĻӲ𣿡
Цһ̫ˣȻҪȥҾͶһ䣬Ǳ˿ֲ֪߳ܵ˽Ů𣿡
һɲǼ˳ȫӲʶسΧȥֻһغվڲԶĿ£غ̳˵ţźĹԶԶ򷢣Լε⡣
ɵڱøӰţֻѹֵķŭ
ã˳ʣ㶼֪Щʲô
ЦǶȥˡ
㶼֪Щʲô˳۲ĳӴʣŭȵ˵
Ŀ㣬ֱͦ⻹õ˵𣿵ǱݺİɣͬǸȢ׼ϵĵùһԩλϣʬǣĸ£˾
ֱͦͦعţͬ񣬿Ц˵ҪΪҪڣ˭ĸôʵҰһĵŮˣ
ôĵ˭Ƕĸӣĸ淢˭Щ֧־ı
˳˶У㶿ӣ·һμ૵ε֪ģ
Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪ²ѧҲ֪仰
˳۶ʱԶԡ
ȻӶʣҲʲô˳ۣʹĵʣȻҲ֪Ϊﺬԩ乬ʵأȻô谮ѵøһ𣿸ʣңΪʲô
ֱ̫˼Щֲʵķŭȫ档
ʱ˿̣ûʲôֱգô˳ۣŶԷ۾֪˸αȥĻԣһ˵ܽԼժȥĽͣ
ޡ˳۱۾ҡͷ޲֪
Ϊһ֮
Ҳбɱεʱ򣡡˳۴۽Ǵ죬¶ʹ࣬Ʋһ˵㶮ʲôΪ̫谮һ͡ǹʺţǺ֮˭ݺĿ֮ץڴĻ
˳Ǹҹ˱㴦ڻҰ֮Уںһ˵Թޣϣ·˱ŭıԵ
֪ڵĲǲ׽ĸ״乬Ʋסĵ׵ĶԲ֮֡
Ȼڲǽ¶һеʱ³һԼƽȻ֪ˣΪβԸƽԩ֮Էôһ۵㣬³Ц
֪ѾǺ֮ܶˣе֤Ѿʧ׷ݣ󶯸ɸ꣬ǹڹΣ󹬳þͲˡ˳ҡͷοŶڽ̵㡣
ûҵĸܣ
˳ۻ̨ףǰԷʹֻܶԲס㡣
һ仰ڸУϢˡ
սȭͷ
˳۵Ȼ㶼֪ˣЩĿԣ㣬ǼƵ¾Ͳ׷ˣھǣ޺úò㡣

˳ף÷ˣԺʲôʲô޺úࡣ
Ȼһϡ
Ҫʲô
ƽ
鶼Ѿȥ̫ˣԩס
²ף˶漤ڹײ
Ҳޣ˳ۿĿϣŲɡ
潫ֱϣ˳۵ָÿǾͰұȥ
ĪҪ
ᶨ˵ΪӸ£ʲôʱѩҾʲôؾ
֮Ŀӣ粽ã˳۳³һڴⲽ˼ǣճ̾ǵ𣿡
ԡ洹۾ûԼ¶Ц֪˳һӦ˰ͲԶԶģ÷ָĶĲ᲻Ǵ˵̬
Ȼ˳һԥʵδ
ûӣӺ
˳ʧЦ˵ӺŭҲ޵Ķȥ֮
ֻŵķˣ̶ӲŻ߾ȥ˳۲ͬ⡣
ȻȴһԵع
˳۳Ծüʲô
븸ʶ׼
㡭˳̧֣ƺڤ粻顣
븸ʶ׼˵
˳ۿǿģԥãջһ̾Ϣַٺú롣
泶˳ǣȥѾɳȷ磬ҲȽͽԾǿ
һ˳һ٣ȵĿⲻɵĿ档
Ҳ̧ͷһЦһŰյţʣ˭ΪǣȺ˼ѪĴΪܵõꡣ
ڽ֮ǰ˳۴δϸع۲ӣҲδйκǽıĿ

ľǣˡ㣬ˡ
߳ɹƮƮѩ˹
ûлͷɹŵɵĲں߽ѩѩһӡ
ϲѩĹˣ֣°ڿϣùڵϲһССԲƴճһʹˣ죬ſŵأЦ˽ɵơ
һ߻ÿһνҪһѵص÷裬蹷ԶΪѧԣӷ񲡣
жڽ￴ŵĹ˼ˣ׷׻ȥӡ
غվڴɹǰ˳ۣ˳߿ѩ﷢棬ŻŲϣߵ
˵ⲻܲˣֱײӣ֪˭
غЦӦͣ˵ء
غʱβͣ㶼ɨɾ𣿡
غһæӴϣ⻹õ˵ūɴɱҲûŹһ˰
ΪʲôһҧӢݺأ
غۣ⣬ѵߵѾ֪ˡ
֪٣ȫ֪
غĶʱƷ£һתӦǡ©ɡ
˳۵ͷҲôģʮˣԽԽȥˣǵ֪ܶС΢ôд֪࣬㿴ô죡
ߵǴ㡭
˳˵Ҫ޸ƽǰؾ
ຣȣߵ²Ϊѻ𣿡
Ϊѣ˳ЦЦ鸡ϴ޲Ĺ⣬Ϊʲô
غһ㶣ʱȻ򣬡ǰǹҲھΣߵԵҲֻǹ;ѽ
ô谮ĸ̫ˣѵΪ޲˵ǴѹУֹ˳ЦţȥһϣһϣǶ޵ĽɽҪϣ
˿һѩʱɬһһؿң޷ͣЪĥˡ
غȰϡūŷͷʵ̫ˡ
˳۵ͷ԰鸡ΪȾ˺죬ͷֿ˿˴ѩѩ﷢棬뵽֮ǰĻֵݹȥ˵غѡӺء
⣬ǿɲʲôõطߵҲ̫ˡ
˳ЦǾ˼ǵģҰĲС
Ӻѽغ¶⣬˳ͷɺûиͣ͵͵ЦΣȻѡ˵£޹Ŀ࿴ҲøϽӡ
ıԶǣū
˳۲˵߽ڣȻʵСԪأôûӰ
غæش𣺡СӰ˹ֲ;Ƶģһ񣬾ƫȥˣ֪źϡ
˳˲û¶ֵЦݣǺǣɣǧƪһҲûζǸһЩ
*
ûưͣһһʮؽɵڵ¶ˡ
ưžþûг˼ҲصǸڰҹ
绪״ԪɣغһǻѪʩչʱȻһҹٻȴһУްجС
Ψһһֻ۾ܰյĹߣԼӻлصʵտⲽߵùˣֶߣ⣬ҲĴ
ûоӺأһںذڰֵǲᣬԿ䣬ⷢԼȡǱߣʹʣԹޣйؼʱ棬ֱˣǴͷĵطҲ±棬Բ¶ڡ
ư˺һԿ䣬̲סʧЦǱӿʹҲĿƲڻѹ˻ȥ
ﴽȥɹʱˣֻ¶һ룬ìͷֱӶ׼ӢЩ̫ŵжԻȻ˶⣬һע
뵽˳۵һ̬ǳһĨ̵Ļȣ뾩ԣҲʲôû£ôˣʲôʱѩ
ư˵·ѡ
ش𣺡ܰõ
ưǰų̺ۺһֻ۾С֮η
ǷģҲǷģҵѪô죿
ưһֻ۾ˣûǡ
֧⸱ģڵһǸ𣬶µĺӡҺãȻ˵ѪȴûȾ˵ĹΡ
ƲƻȥȻݣӺطӣԱӣҲǴ˳Ҫ֮ڣ̽Ϊ̶ߣϢĸطݵؿ졣ǿЩѡֻ˵
Ȼֻһʱ뵽⣬̲ס¶һΪԹţ浱¡
ư͵ƵЦߣɻıäĿӣɹıϡ
һĵˣ˵ĻǺֻӣ˵˻£;ر˳ۡ
Ȼӣůģˡ
öͭǮʶɰǡ
˵¶Ҳø˵һ˰ɣ
ôŵʱС߽£СүͻˣҪȥ𣿡
񣿡ʲô
һɻСӿЦõ˵£Сүŵİͷ̰
Ŷˡ
Ǻܿ죬ˣͻʲô˼׼үˣ
Ҫȿš
ӹŷ⣬ֳЩģȼˣôôණд𣿡
һ˵һ߿ٵزţֽһסŹЦ˲Ű治Ƥӣݣ
£
嵥˹ظүһݣʱȥҪ


49 嵥
ת۴ھ͵, Һѫ󣬲ͷֶأӰ첻ݻŵϯ, ｻ, ˿֮£欵ҡ
һأլһ, ͬ޴ڵѩҲ⡣
ȸѾľĺ౨˳۶߻ӵĴò˹ע
߻ΪͷӺմˡ
̫ڵ£ʱȻ
֪ȻҪ, û뵽˵Ĳֱӡšȥ, 񰡣
Ӻ, ˳ƻûкö࣬ëѪҲ˰ɡ
ﶼЩ׼ҪǮҪķͽ, ȷҲʺ߻ӣ֪ܲ
¿ɾпͷඣûþ͵ÿ޵Ҫ

Ǳ˴˽, ֮жֻ֮˻ף, 㲻ٿˡ
뾰ңңһ, ӶԷ￴ö֡
ٿ, ȫ̺Ⱦ, һ, ɫֱ˱ᡣ
ıϣ̧žƱչ˵⾩˾ǴˣӲҶ³
û
Ӻǵطѽ֣ɳɺͽͽϸ˻Ƕ棬ǵöˡ
ľƱˣͷһСŮ˹ָСŮɫһףսսؿСصϾƣضžƱ棬λӵ
ˣڰ֣Ѻ£ȥ
СŮʱɴ⣬¾ƺһ̾ˡ
ˣϵľ̵˳ū澼ƽʲô
ûƽϣ㡭̧ͷһñĺƵϴһСŵθ
ꡭϵĶŶţ̲סЦ˵ôϬ
شһ䣺ôҲҪĹҪˣ
ֵܷĿ鲻ûЦҡͷֵܣα˵ô
˵𣬹乷ոãֲҲϣǷ̶͸ڷĵǡ
ЦҲ棿
ʱԱ㣬վߵͶ֮䣬˫һչ˾§ס˵ļЦλ磬ܾܵҪȥԷɳˣ֮ǰǲǵ˼˼
Цõ˵ߣֵġ
һѣص˵䣬Ц㲻͸
ƵؿôˣôϲҪҰĽýܸ㣬ò绨
涷죬ȵҪȥȻǣòӣ档
ˣҲ̫ˡȻͷյĶ˵ֻ˵һأʲôʱߣʥּûд
Цѵ㻹Ųߣ
ǾͿǵĳˡͳݱȵĵӣֱ˹ȥ˵Ӻطãⶫһñ㡣ҲøǷ˼ʲôֱӰⵥ׼ǡ
ӹԼǷݣԵһʨӴ󿪿ڵ׼ȴû뵽Щ⣬Ƿң©û
һ䣺磬ˣܵܶҪô࣬ҪǾùⲻȥЩҲ¡
д󶨣Цƽûôǫ飬Щϰߣģ㶫㣬һ㡣
Ǿллˡ濴ô˵
ԸҲӹһ
ûӦʵһ𣿡
Ȼһ嵥ݷһա
չ߶˵ʲôñȵģҪֲ࣬ѵһģһ𡭡ףô࣡
ֻһݵչֻӵĳȣһݣƴһ黹ûͷ
⿴֪⡰˱ˡжء
ŭϷӿճͷһ˦ӣͺɵó棬ҪҪ
ЦԼǷݼϣƱ׼֡
ʵܺ棬ƽʱõĴһӵֵܾȻ˵ĿͷĿҿâ͸һʵѰζ
У֪鷢ˡ
һҲգصԼϯλϣƺԼ˾ƣȻϵĵӣ죬·ȣʵڲø·ﳱˮҲߣļ˵ˣ˭ܵˡŶôֻ졭ƺʡת۾Ҫ꣬ҪٵһˡȻѩȣ죬ˮģ·졭
˵Ƶѭ˴ڱıԵͷһһġ
ˣСвƾʲôв
ƵģܲˣֵߣˣΪָ飬ˡ
Ƴ˾һۣЦ˵ҲǣؾǶʲôʱʣʲôʱǶ۵ܵܡ
Լֵܣ˵ʲô͵ž湴һˡ
ˣһӣ棬㰮߲ߣⶫһ
ʧǣǡһһ輧ʱɲǼ䣬ϯ
˶𾪵ؿžԼ档
Ŷʲô
˳۳Ŀ⿴¶á
εشλվ۽ǳ鴤֪νⲻҪΪ
ʱΪش𣺡ʣܸߵ˿ڽǣһʱ鼱ſڲԣ븸ˡ
⻰˵΢Ǿ˿ڽǣڲԡ
ˣЦ˵ˣŶ㻹˽𣬺αûִ磬ѵҲûУաЩģôҲһãĪ㸸Ϊѡ
ƽ˳⻰ֻ治ֳΪʵຮּⲻϾ˭֪棬Ǹ첻ߵĶ
Σ˳вϣ߳˳ǣ¶ŨŨЦǳô£϶˵
Ȼûеһʱ˷ǳȡ
û취ֻÿٽʼĩ˵һ顣
嵥͵ǰ̴򿪣һһ̣ʵ̫ԡ
˶߻ԽԽˣ֮ǰôһ۶ӣ˭ɵóõϣǹǷ
ʲô뷨ȴֻпЦãضԻʵ˵ҲǵģҪȱʲôһҪǣٲûг檣ŶͷҲԣ۰Ͱ͵֣֪ΪŶ׺񣬲֪ĻΪѣֲŶˡ
ЦȫƸĹС
Ϊ˳ۻᰴѵ棬߸ɴཫ˸ϳȥͷ⣬û뵽˳ȴ嵥غ˵޿ŶЩ֮񸮶бŰɣ
غؽӹش𣺡УҪĶϡʵأǼҩĵеܻ࣬ҡ
Ǿͽ񸮾챸°ɣຮرЩҩ١
ǣϡ
ѻȸԣϲ綼֮Уرǹ;ʵû뵽˳۲ûг𣬻˳˼˷ʹ͡
ϣʶؿѯʣ˳ۿ˵ȻҪĶ࣬޲ǡ
ĸûʵ۸ϣæ϶ˣŶڳϥ£ҪǰӺȻΪ׼á
Ǳ㿴ˡ
˳˵̧̧֣¿ʼ˿֮У·ղŵĲǸ
ɫǳѿȻں棬ʣ㾿ʲô
һЦ
ֻҪ᱾Ķڻʵˡ
λãеԼĸڵĻŽأԭģ񲻹һ񵥣ǲȻ
Ȼдô
*
һԪڶ
˶æֹԪȻƵʱмظæµңҪ֮
ձмظǰӡ
ݲģԵԺ顣
Ҷ嵥һһ˶ԣڵ¿ŵĶӣ̲סǵ紺ȶպʵһЩůߡ
Цǵûʲôǽǲ뿪ɳŹ̫ã游Ǳѹʹˡ
ȫݵͷҲ֪һȥŲŵס
ŵסش𣬡ֲ硣
ѵˣ·ϵͨһ͵ɢܣοǵø¡뵽æͷʣ㣬ûϺձӣ
ˣˡ
漸㣬Ȼܲˡ
İɣˣŵֺͿöˣүġ
ɷŵٺ񣬸õ߻ǵõߣϵĳδֿϾүǰźů¯ϣһ·ҪϨˡ
ϾӦǡ
ˣҩأ㶼𣿡
Ͼش𣺡˷ģƽүԵҩū澶Ѿҩ¶㹻ģò֢ҩҲࡣ
룬˵ƬҲһЩԱʱ֮衣
ǡ
׵ˣݻǳδһ̾Ҫдܸһ߾ͺˡ

ڵѾƺû취ܲʱһߡ
Ƿˣ΢΢һЦõģ·д򡣡
ɻĶĴ
Ǿ֪ˡżصһЦȻߴٵˣɫ磬ϽȥϢɣһҪˡ


50 ҩ
ڶ峿, ߷ǰףмǰĳӾͳˡ
ʮƥĿΧӰտĽֵʻ, һ·Ŷȥ
˯ؿڳ, ŹǷմ󳯻ᣬΪ˲ϳĳײ, ӳ͸硣
һ̯ŰǮ˴ήҵĻУпܰɶãƨܲ, ʵ̫Ҫˡ
ȿȡ˰ڲ裬Բ, ˲, զզ࣬ôѽ
ǰ˭һ¶ûᡣ
Ƿƿ˿, ˿̵δѩϸϡ˵Цͦñֱٿ۹ȵǮ, ҡͷǽҲ̫ûˣ㻹, ȡ
˵ءһ, ǮȻ, ˳, ǡ
գգ۾, ޹
벻ССͣûͦ࡭Ǯʱ˾´ֿʼװ޹ķ裬Ŵչȥ͵͵ҧ䣬ʵǲˣʮˣٹףҲʱ򣬷ģʱ档
̧֣Ե.ԶһЩ쬵˵ɲҪ˵Ҿ͸㣬ҡ
Ǯ𣺡ȸ״
棿
Ǯ𣺡Ӯˡ
һ
Ǯ벻Сᣬ͵ܣǧ룬һҶæأĶо֣ô;ӪȥӴ
Ǿû뷨û
Ǯ𣺡֮ܲܶΣ
һźδѩԩ
Ȼ򿪳ͼδѩɻؿң
ǮԵ۾ŷ裬һʹɫҪ޸顣
ǷЦе˵˵ˡ
δѩһǶʱüһϷʵôûڹ
Ǯ𣺡Ŵܣֱӱһ̱װȥ˵Ҫѿȥʵûˡ
ˣãſˣ׼ǡδѩ˵һ䣬߹ٵԸ·һЩҪ˭Ųס˵һ
áش
Ǯְ̧˰ʾ֪ˡ
ģδѩЦŵݸһƵˮͷŬŬ죬ˣһ˰ģԺÿ춼һ
ӹգգ۾ָЦ
ǡδѩһԴҲһ롣
һ㶣Ҳܺȣ
ʲôΪкӣôɵúúòԡ˵ͷӡ
ؿţ˳ǣȻװǮ㲹塣
ǮԴһתҲȣأȡ
Ƿòϣ顣
Ҳ顣
⣬Ҫ𣿡
Ǯ𲻳ף˵һأ
˵۾ٲǷޣҪ
ƨ
ȥշ͸м䣬˭˭ȡ
ʱǰͷ泵ĳմ򿪳ţҲݽһͲ˵үϾ͹ģ˺ȡмСϸŵͲȵףѾˣ
һ㶣Ǯ࿴һֱۣͲͷӣʱһƮһ㡣
棿
轲裬صسµģá˵
裺
Ǯ𣺡
ͷδѩƺһڡ
ſˡ
𣬳תһҡһαǰʻȥ
Ǯ˵ٵߣٽ·ˣʱļ尾
ͷûϵֻҪҰǽϲһҲֵá
һһͲźһûһڵغġ
˵ţȻֻͣԶ˸³ǣгá
³ǣгá
һ·ͷβ˭ߵƷŵж࿿ǰѾ˳ſڽܲˣҲùԹԵõһԣ˳ͷĻóȨͨ
ִƵֻδѩϴŷ꣬ãȻҲʱǣǹҪȺܳʱˡ
ͷɲмҾͼʮƥ򵥣͵һǧˣټϰʮŴССūͣи·͵ûϲʱ䡣
֮⣬гԴƷʲֵʮΪȣٶȻУ֮ģһϾôȥˡ
ֲŸ·ðźôʲôǮʵڷѽ⡣
˭֪ȥӺǼһ·һռ˹ٵֻ׹ں棬ͣ²ܳȥδѩѾˣ޲ͷվһߣݾ
ЦЦû˵ȻʲôڿˣôȻԭġ
̶ǰ濪ǴǹɻӵмĴ˭֪档
Ǯпֲ˶࣬Ƶôͷö˵ɣתȦ趼УݳޡҲһģƥͷ᫵·Ҳۣһ·Ӻٶټ尾
֮нĽʡ
迴ţ°ͣϵЦ⻺ǰôͷһƺ̫˷ˡ
ա
ү
*
Ķ黺ţһʱ֮󣬷ĳӲŸ
ںƽȴдŹǷ֧Դϣһһ١
ϵСӴʳȡʳһһڳĿĻ󽫿ӺӰǰ
£ˡ
Ժۣһô࣬ιأ
Сͬ˵ˣҪһأͷȻóԶٺõģҪٳЩûôˡ
ӣһֻˮҪҧȥȻʣүֻأ
Сӻش𣺡أҪҪͽƣ
û˵Ҳû˵ãֻʣҼǵиʲôš
ü
ԣƺ˭ȡġ
мСүѽ治ǶˣȡСһ䣬Ƶ£ǲԲ̫ã
Ϊû
Сƽ޹ֱһ٣ǲί
泤̾Ӱүô꣬ûүһִǣ⻰óɣмҵĳû
ѽСûϣƶǲһġ
˭ȺŮˡ
ǾˣŶСڻȻ
һɸֵͷүô磬񸮵ǰı׼̣Ϊɶǡ·ģҸ˽˵ʲôýƵģ
Сӳ˳ǣ£˵Ů鷳һͷ߹հ˹һȦ˲²šūſҲ࣬Сүֱ˵£ɶ˵ģ
žˣǿ̧·סˡ
԰ɶ˵ģ
СһţԴˣǹһûǾ͵͵طſ֣ڷ
£
ôϽȥ˽йѽһүǿСƳһ·ҡɢˣĿվԴϡ
ӴǡСԼţֹ¶Сүá
ôȤˣҪǲģ춼û˼ֱ׳ˣ˳˰ı¯Щ
СӦǣȥˣûת¡
ţ
С΢΢ԥСʣˣô죿
ư˿Сӣ˼ҪҪ˵ջǵưˡ
С۾һɡ
ԺӺʱ򣬾ͱ壬֪û
ˣСӵ϶ʱչЦݣ۾ˣǣ¡ȸԾ̲סǡ
ˣϹٵ֮ǰߺһ볬ͳȥ׹ںԵүӴƵġ
ǡСԲֵشӳϹȥ
Ǳ˵㣬Ҳεˣˮ
ֻŸճ꣬ʧСֿŽˣɫЩŹ֡
ţ
£ūŸյͷСүߵĳա
ʾ
СүҪʵ£ɲԡ
˵һۿ裬ΪǸ׺꣬΢һͺ˵֣ʵ򡭡ƤҲͦ
ǮŷԳյķԸһҪȥ䳵
ͷĪǽ˵󣬿ִƽȣԦ·ǵĳﷴܡ壬᲻زãûҲˣǰﲻԣ
ôҲɣȥ˵㣿
Ҳԣʵʲôһϸ£
ûС
ǮĬǺܿץס˹ؼ㻹Ҫ£
ǰԽ·Խ᫣ʶȾ͸ӹؼȥӺ˳·ġЦ
Ǯ𣺡˳·Ҳ
Ψֱ֮Ĵڣ˵ϲɵ¾ǲ̨ԽԽˣǼĻ¡
԰
ܣʵ˵ǲʹһˣȻģ
ζͶˣֱ׳شһ
ȫǵˣ˭Ըȥĳ
һЦеضͲһں轡
Ȼ󣬳վͻˣү롣
Ǯ𣺡


51 ͬ
ǰĹٵ, ƺƵĳǰ棬Ų˵ĳΪĿ, вļǰ˹ȥ
г, ҲҪмҵĳǰϣϾվǰһ·̼㣬ݱ, ѾЩˡ
Ȼȴû뵽ǡ
͸ĳŷ豻ȫгϣȻλĽһ·͵ǰƮƮԭصȴ
, ܾе㲻̫ԾʶؾԼôƽȵذ, ʡ
, ȥˡ
ǾͰ£¶չ, ָлг罫Ȼ͵ǰλйűȭ
汾ڰ, ȴҲȭһһ, ֪Ϊ, ԼȻеš
ԶԶмҳ, ֻѾߵ, ԿŨŨĵǺͲ, ֻ¶ߵߵķ˵㲻е𣿡
˶٣ޱҸоס
ȻһĴȣⲻĴ
޿ķ裬Ϸʵǲڸүʾ
裺û뵽ǲȻô󶯾
ᵽǮطľȸˡ
ĬһЦ߰ɣСϱүϳ
زŵԼȥ迴ԼСӣ̧ͷ˿ΪָߣҲߣǷ˵ӣ߼̨׵һγĬ
Сүö࣬СİСЦеؽ
ճһ̾ĵˡ
󲿶һǰ󣬵һǽϺĶһ
Ŀɣкʵ͵Ƥë̵棬ĽѹСů¯ϻһµС¯ӣһֱһȲ裬ԼʹŴҲů͡
˫ڷ棬ôԼС̸Էˮ¯Ѱһë̺ǺȽţٰڷһСģǹææµµźڡ
ûֹЦԷ˵ҵһۿʱǲûϴĲǹٰģ
̫ˣѰǲǣ
΢΢һЦʣҪ̹𣿡
˼һɷµصͷҲǲԣһǸţΪĹүΪѵ뷿
Ȼˡ迪ʼ졣
һ
ǱϵڻСӶ¶ȵģ
һ޹ؿͣⲻΪ˳ȫһǸóô˻ѽԣ
棺ȻһҲûкߡ
֮ˣСˣ˵õ̹أôѣ軹ߴһ¡
컯֮.棬һС˸ײҪҲǸ档
οʮ壬忴СǸһ磿
м֪߸ԣ˸뺷Ů˹Ƶһһǹô
뵽һ飬ģͲ
ȿȡװģû£ŵסȿȡôǽӻȥܲý¡
棺ǵñһʣ·ޣ
׿ѽ迴仯סЦ
үⱲ϶ˣˣϽϵƼɺͳһ
ܴɺͳĸ֣ǻֿЦ
Сסס͵͵мСүһĴָ
豾װģ˶˵ţȻЦеյ˵ڳӺ绣뾩ջӦķᡣ
üЦƳɹӡ
и嶷ССӴһȡķ񵥣ʾֱӸ˷衣
⣬ǲؽӹһһһĻǶ͵ģǷһ㣬ҲȷǰԤеĶ࣬˵͵ľ͹ʹڻʵۣҲǸķ
˵ֱ񸮲ĵ׼
ţʮӡһӼ䡰ΡĽ㻻һʵʺôҲʵеص˼ᣬһϷ
ӻƱʡ
ش𣺡һһɡ

ô
Ӻռϣ಻ƱŵذҲӭֻд˳˻ԭŻһЩƱֵ൱
棺û뵽ʱ˵š
˲µ¶ο볯͢ٺ»Ƿŵģ»֪ɡ٣ЩʵʵģҸ㻹нһһѯʹҪĶ
ķ񵥣üЦ϶ů
ʵһ嵥֪ĵģú棬ż˼棬ȴѾ֪ôʲôҪʲô˶֪
ԼЩưͶ˵ģȻܺ޷͸¶˷裬úҲģɵֻƬ˽ӽһҲû˲ʣڱνȥĶͻȻһ嶯;ȥӺ
嶯ºһ˿˿ĺڣܾòñʧȥǡ
Ц־ޱӢĶܼô˳۵أ
ҾüḶ́費֪˿һһ⼸񵥣֮ǰ޼һ֣ôôҩĺͲƷҶЩ֮ཫ񸮺ӢԼˡ
üëһȻүصҪġ
迴һۣ˵¶廹ͦע⡣
һĵؿŷүǿ׳Ҫ˭һһҪЩ𣿡
ⲡ֮һָ˭Զ
΢΢һ㶣һ˲дû뵽滹Ϊ룬Ǿϲһ˫ӾôֱֱؿŶԷЦʢ˵л߸磬á
棺һԲϾ
ƲһҪԼǸ˳ģҪΪһ˵ͻȻסˡ
һĶ⳵ư͵Ҳ˵ƺеͲ塣
档ϺȻϷʵ
ͷͼضĶ䣬Ȼʱ򣿡
棺
ˣҲˣӣƨĵط¯ôʲôү
޶˱Сһ£ֻʵڲί̫䣬¶Сү𣿡
ꡭͷűӣؽЦ߳ŭ߳ȥ
ʵϣȷ˱߳ȥˣСƨɣһӭźǰĳ̾ⲻƽˡ
˵˵ЦЦ֮󣬾͸еһƣ롣
ôƽȣûмϵͳҲû̥ľͷɻεҺٽǵĹٵʯ·ƽûоʹࡣ
ҡҡλμ䣬ƤʼܣȻڳϾôϢ˯ȥˡ
뽫ӽнٵ½˴ˣԥԥȥǱһһֹۣһ䡰鷳𽵹һСȻ׵˷ǰϸϸ
Ӿһ컹ݣƤһ֪岻ã԰ȱѪɫ⳵ů紺ԼϾֻһ¾͹ˣɷ㣬һ־Ȼġ
ž͹ֿ
뵽ľϡͿһš˷ƽֶСģ˸ͷӸǺãƽͷһô΢
ӵѹվǰ
֪˶ãˣ˵Ǳѵġ
Եɵɵ۾Լڳͷϸʵıӣϻһˣ̲ס˶
תͷʣˣ
š
Ѿ˵ƹ谵һ㶣ˣ
ǰ˯һ·緹ʡˣҪ;һۣΪҰôˡ
һ뵽мҽǻɵ񣬾һбҪƭ
л¡ѱӴ͸͸־Ȼѵ£סˣ鷳һ
ƨŲŲһѽƿ˿˵ľߣɻôʲô
һؿ㵱밡˭㲻ʵ˯ȻӣүҪǲסѵһֱ𣿡
ֱ׳÷޻˵գգ۾̧ĨһѱǼ⣬չʾ棬̫ˡ
ԼһǸӴ̫ãǴȾˣ
ûپ⣬ӣû緹ˡ
֮ǰģ˺ȡ
һͲ
ӣװ࣬µģͷʣ𣿡
ôܻ֪ɤһӡ
Сӽ嶷ȡµС룬ݸ裺Сү𣿡
š轫Ͳ൹һݸ棬һ԰ɡ
㲻Ƕ𣿡
θСȲ꣬춹СӦϾģζܺã͸
ڻȲ£èܳԡ䣬ջǽӹ¾ûˡ
ˣ۾Լġ
һ죬ദˡ
£Сүǰ浽վˡ
⣬СӺҡҡλ֮Ҳͣ
Ϊ糿ĵ飬վʱɫѾ󰵣վѾ乧ݣҴҰŷ䣬Ϸˣƥιϡ
ƺƵǧˣҲٽǵվ󣬲¡
Ҳ˳мһʼͬһĸܡ
뵽ɵ㶵ǵƨסԼıӣԼһЦ˵ºܺദҲͦչˡ
ǮЩţ˵
ǰ
ǰͷʾʿ˭ţ
㻹Ҫһʡ
ţôƽȣײ䣬ģҲԼҲڡЦ
ʿǮĴָ˴֣ĵЦǱܲʣܲҲռλá
ʵ滹棬ûֻܾһ˽Ǯ뵽˺棬˿ͿǮûίЩǼһ
Ǯ𣺡Լ


52 
ڶ, ߳Ż˼᲻䳵ҪҪȥһµʱ򣬾Ϳų, СѾˡ
Ծ
ʶػͷͼмǱ, ϳϳ, ᶫİᶫûһĵءѹסǲү۸ˣ
Цһã¶չˡ
ǣϳɡ
·ûֻ, ûipadʵ, ֲܰ˯˯, ǴС
治ɫ쳤ͷһ, ʱʧô飿
黹ʲôһһóŷ׼һ
̹һ׼, ͷʱȲ, ȻǷĳɣ
ɫ̸, ΪûûΣܺ÷ĳһУǱضûʲô֮ģû뵽ȻŶԷ롭
ôЩ˿˿ܣ˵ϾǸ, ƽ￴, ҹ˾ʱ϶͵͵ڱޱӡ
ѪԵ, ͨ˲˵ϾͶϵ, Ѫվ
ԳһŴ΢΢üƺԥѡһûͷŵⱾϢؽŻطСŲɫ̹һ
ֻǣ򿪣£һϼҳַ£屾趼ֵؿʣ£ʲô
ûشЩ˼飬̯ľȫǷĳɵ£㲻дʼҲע⡣
ģ
ܲԾڿ裬ɫ΢΢أ˵С裬ǲǺˣ
ѡһ㽫ɻʲô
룬뿪ǲ֪١
ЩĪΪʲôô˵
潫Щ˹ȥȫĴ⻹룿û뵽ķǵ˵ǲǰҹ͵͵Ĩˣ
һ㲻ýͣҶ׵ı÷ûкú÷һЩʲô飿
үǸȤһ֪û˼治мȻ̧̧°ͣһ䣬ʲô飿
ƿ顣
棻ļٵģ˲ֻ֪绨ѩ
ĳɡ˵ҵȻٲУ̽Ϊ˷ƾ٣Ҳдע⣬Щðײá
Ҳ÷һİɣ
˭Ҽ߿ƾأʹˣ˶ܰæȫ赶Ūǹ޵֣ŪīץϹûѡ񡣡̯̯֣ʾΡ
Ȼ´ˣ뵽ԼϡͿΪѹһѣ;Լɵ
ⲻص㣬Ҫ߿ƾ٣
鱾ıԵ˵ͷ
ʱһʲôƾ٣ĳ͢ϵ¶õģ㻹ҪգС裬һȰжԶԶȾһȳҲϴˡ鱾裬һһһڣ泵ҡ
ɲǻе𣿡
ȻȻһ仰ĽΪ֮һ٣۾֮
ٳĵطֻҪлˮ룬ϡͳд־һΪ߾͸Ҫ֮ˡ
־򣬴Ϊŷ棬ָָԼ˵ү𣿡
ûԥ΢Ц϶š
ҵĹԹԣС裬ͷһʶүúܿЦ˵үһϵһΪǸģԭҲǸɵġ
ôĿ⶯δָ˵㳶ʣ֪ʲô˶ʲô־򣬾ǵùͶ̥ⱲӲűһС
ļϷҲֻʣüɻڣ
ûͷûԵһ䣬һʱתտš
ԣЦݼˣ˵ͷʶλӣΪҵĹϵмȻһ·ԭ뿴£Һʧû뵽ȴָⷢûûƤġ
һκڵյĶ졣
ʣһֻ˵ܷľΣô˱ȻĴ
治мһˣɱ˿ɰĶࡣ
ͷҲԣΪȷԼû˲˲л¡
һ۾ɴˣҵү
°ͣҲǵɣҾȥ¥ݣͷβߵ¾жôѡ
ˣɫʱһһףԼµһ׮׮£ȻʱݣȥʱԼһ١
ҷ֣ʵߵ²ᡣ
һ㶣˷裬ͼЦ˵ƣŵû¸ɣϹۣЩ㻹ͦ˼Ӻܿ࣬еЦһЦҲڴ
轫֧ڷϣһ˫۾ǳǳЦ⣬ųζ϶ϣƺů
˵ÿһ£ڸ˳Ҳû˺յ棬ߣͱȴ󲿶ˡȨȦӵĺ֣ʲôϵ
췴ʲôȴ˵һ
̧һؿڣΪǰôеһȱڣ潽ůˮ˳֫ٺȫÿһůģţһ˵ĸж
գһ仰ûôá
ܲŬһܶ
Ŀޱȵ϶ڴȻܾ
ƾʲôôҪүźȻٴŵ߾Ǹߺߣ˵ôס
ףԵŬ費˵ֱӷ飬ڳŴӿ
ͻεһűҡϰ£ֱӵײĿŷ衣˵ɶֲ֪˵ɶͺųܼȦ滺һ¡
ķҼ뽫Сóģһ뵽迴飬ԼСЩʡ
˶ڴôأ˵ҪһŬôҲܸ˵ɣ
泤ôͷһᵽʲô;÷¾ز˵Ϳ飬н֮ǰġ
鷳ˣԺ󻹵ùһء˸ȥ۲Ĳɣóе᲻á
ץ֪ôʱ򣬺ȻǰһƤ飬һ̧ۣͿһЦе˵ĵĻһ𿴿ɡ
ɣпƣľǿ飬ԼùҲˣȻһⲻеô߽ʲô
ϲɣŹ˵ĵʱϲ𣿡ЩƵ
ӣԾ˵⹷ūǵ죬ǻ𣿾ҪӺøеİãҲҪõİɣ˵ǽ֮ġ
ǡƾʲôҪӻģүڲĳǶԷֺŶԣ
һ뵽ھʲôԼһӡһмһ˵ӼǴˣү飬һͷ仹պϡ
ܲһŵҲûУһ仰
µǼġ뵽Էǽı£û⣬ЦҲͦãͦ˼ΪѰģĲ𣿡
澪ȣΪҵģ
š
ǡаɡȻôģΪѵؽӹһ߷ҳһѵүһ͵÷ɱҲ顭ȵȣǧѱǣ𾪵ˡ
ţڶ  
棺ĬĬ̧ͷ̹Ȼķ裬ʵ⼸˼
²ڿһ 𣿡ʡ 
ԴǵؽⱾˤڷϣظүǾԲϹ಻ݸ壬ƪ鰮ӹ
ӹף
߲ǱڵµĳƤ鷽ƣ۽ǳ鴤ҲӸģ
ǰ
ǰ
쳤ХΪʲô˸޴ūŰϵ׶ǰҹˣ˵ϲ徭Ҳʲôѱǿɣ
ǰһѶԷĹͷ
ʵҲͦ뿴СҲûʲôóﵽңòҵ򱾣粻ӣƨĵˡ
룬ɻ׷һ䣺治ϲ𣿡
ϲնػشȻѻһתƽ
ȻҪʱֻǰҲҪһµġ
СƭЩƣûҪѽ
Էĵ˵ͺҲǼٵģԽѪԽԽͷػز䣬ڶ֣
˼Ƭ̣Ȼ󲻾˵ʵûһ˵ôģͦ棬ǲҲôɺϣ
ôǲӼһףƲСĸѾߣȻͽӢ۾¡Ǳ߼µ˳ͻشˡ
ŶԭˣͦɡЦ
棺߯ôȻթˣ
ʱǸһƤһεݵǰ£ǽһ°ɣ㿴ҿһá
濴ŷЦһʵ㲻ùˣ
۵ʱÿǲ
˵ˣ滹ôڵصġǧѱһ˳˽ά滹ǵӲһ£үҲ㿴
ס
轫ˣСһߣͷԼСǱ⣬һ˼ĻӣȤԿ·;ңԶʱ䡣
˵꣬㿴Լ顣
ͷԼƵѱǣ̧ͷŷСģʶĹ𴽽žԥһ֮¾ˣ࣬Ҳ뷽׽ࡣ
ĳڿҰϣӭźһ·


53 
ٵһ·ʯΪ˺ʵ, ·ҲԽ
ҺݿƽȣȱҪıϵͳֻҪٶȷŵЩ, ܻǹܾ
ֻ濴ŷؿڳÿҡһ, ˵ɫͲ԰һ, ˫üûչⲻۡ
̲סʣҪͣϢһ
ҡҡͷ˵ԽϢ˾Խƣ, Խ, ·Ҫߵ, ҧҧȥ
⵹, ĿĵؾǶΪϢ̾룬ʱ尾
, ٹվٽӺ߽磬ʱٵƽࡣ氲Ŀ˵º͡
š˵ͷ, һĵ, ЦŰοѾеµĸˣԼߣⲡָܻô졣
ǣЩΪ񸮸׼ǰ͵ϵļһûôģүŹڴϳ, 綢㵽ô
ֲ, ʱҲ, Աһ, ΨĴۣԭԼĵġ
һЦΪҰɣ
Ϊ㣬ѵΪԸ
ⲻӵһ䣬÷סͬʱԼ
һʱ˴۵Сۣԣ⻰ͷô˼ֺûʲô˼
ջƤʵһת˻⣬Ųס˵һһֲˣ㲻õʱүûúչ㡣
费۾˵ͽô֪ôǰ֪Ҹá
ɲǣ治Կ䣬ⱲӾûһôù
ҪӼǰһ˵
ٽ䣬ƣȻǳ겻󣬳ʱҲڳڸûܵºҲϽ˽ȥ͸ֽһһ̾Ͳˡ
һڣֱӾͷ
ݼֱҪˣ̽˴ϣ˲ķȥ鷳ºչ˲üز顣
û֣Ĺϵ಻ǡѣٵҲûɼ¡ǾСŴǰȥֽӹǶѹҩ˹ȥʲ顣
ҩһһع£²ͬѾһϸչˣǽȶȸˣ壬ǽŸ·ٵȥض
ȻλǡڻҰϣܾͽҸŴЪϢ˶飬Ӽѡ
潫ԼݸóȻ޷ٱмҵҪܶ࣬ݴŷͷЪϢԼ³˼
ⷽٶӮмµĸмλĲøС
ȵָһЩݱ뿪˳ݣȴ
õΣʣҪԵ㶫𣿲ģҲԲɶࣿ
һü࣬Ŷθüͷĸֱҡͷ
ôܣ˯
ҡͷ˯š
ǻզ
δչ˹±ˣҪ밲ߣ
ĵؿһۣѾ̫ˣ¡
棺ûˡ
ǺǲǸ˺ܶ೵ӣȻʵ
ͷţȥӺ̶ӣ֪һ
˵ӺĹٵϳзͽ٣´ǧһ˶ȻΡ
°ͣô˵ǽүĹ⣬ǲǸҪ㱣ѣȥӺӦöǴ̼֡
Ц˵ǻͲТء
ֶ̳ǮˣʲôһܲܵɡΪӺˣǰ©ѵõĻᡣ
ôһڰ֣ˣ鷳ֻҪǰַָƨɺ棬үҲҪ桭
¶ľ⣬̲סü˵С裬㶼ˣͱƵĲô࣬𣿡
ЦЦ޷ģӺµó̾ͽˣһͽϣͲٸһݵദʱϧ
һʱһͬյصس򴽣ŷ裬û˵
ü䣬£ǲ᲻ң
ԼүֻǡʶطϣȻЦݣҲ˵ȥˡ
˿̣ǿҵĵɢ֫ٺظá
ǰӺʱ˶ŴˣΪľǾⲡ۳Ͷٵļ
һ򵥣ûֳųʲôԴöҪϸʲô鼮Ѭڼ߰Ҫϣһ˼Сĸ˶ÿɡ
ֻ˷һˣǱֻЩ֮þߵ嶷ѾڷҩƿӣʼǵķıԼĶ
嶷ϵСڵͷǷ飬żᷭһ̱Щͷ¸Ȱˣֻһ࿴μ֮ʱ䡣
֮⣬ǱϷű̺ӿĵطΪληѾ˱ȳ˶
˽ʱڿʣɿȣ¯Ӵͷβûͣһֱˮŷİˮ

˵ģʵ֪УѾĶռݣ̻ĺۼһοտ룬ͺѹ
֪ôںֻƤӡ
¡
Ƿһع̧ͷѵºʣôˣ
Ȼ쵽Ӻˣ˵˵Ϊ¸׵ı֮ǰɡɳЦ
ʵ˵ˣֻǷ;һһֱûЩԻָٽӺ֮ǰиס
˽٣
Ȼ̸£㽫߰˼һգ˵˽ⲻ࣬˭֪ӺǸʺ׷ԲĵطֻҪѡɵط٣ûﵱ̫үǾˣҲԸʣȱ֮û취ŹģԼԭط첻ȥģﶼлģиǺΪǮҪġ˭
һоָָ꣬ԼһΪáȣԼ벻үҡ
̲סЦЦµĸܽᣬȤΪ󡣡
Цүɡ첻⣬°˼˵סʲô˶УһƤüɫŵҲֹ֣Բ˸ʱʱΪƨһܣһϻˮļһֱͣһͿ߰㡭
ҡҡͷЩ
˵ҲΪĵطңζ˹ܣ
˵ҲǣֻҪүȥˣ˭ҵĵϣǾ͵ҵģֻƶģ
ŰĻ÷еЦˣ¼ȻҪӺ˵һȻҪ
ǵȻӺһ֪ݣǰĶԶ壬Ӵӵ൱ĸǾסӺĺˣǱŵġ֪¬ɽҷļǵӺȻڴ˳ݸɳ͢ȥ֪ƺѾδˡ֮ǰҲйΣĲ˶ã¬ɽһֱεڣŲۣͬ²ܡ
·ھˣ۾棬¶ı飬ǲǾүô֪ôࣿ
š
˰֣ʲô֪ģǴͽˣү֮ǰøǻ͸أ嶼ˡ
ԭˣҶˡЦ
롣һĺү֪㲻ǲ̫෴òˡ˵Լģ˵˭Ǹѽ
˳ùСϰ뱭ˮ¯ϵĲֶˮȻݸ裬ԣԷɳӺ֮ǰûòɾҪԿͷġ
л¡
ӹͷһСںţڱϿ˵С裬ĲǶӦӺң㡣
ãһġӦôɴ࣬𴽽ǡ
Ŀ߿˿Сһ̯أҪɣҲұ㷭˵˯ˡ
ҲУⲡĿ۾һɶ飿
룬ɴ£үˣֶۡ
辪ȣ
԰ܱȿɣǹ¡˵˵žЩˣôĲⱲӾûôƽΪġ
æҡͷôᣬܳ棬԰׵ϴһЦĿиڴ
ʶࡣüһãߺ˭Ǹү𽵹΢չһЩ£Ҫ
ߣ˳һͷ濴һûиǺñӣǾϵС֮ǰһΣ
ܿˮֱɷϼɫһ绯ǣ๫ͲҪˣūҶˡ
ɰͰ͵ضһ䣬ѱӸˤˣдʲôҲ̫߯ô߳ˣԭԼûɶͦط졣
һѽϣתͷ裬Ҳɻôˣ
ǻһûֱٶȷɿؽ⡰.Ļˣִӽ﷭һ
˿ЦãЩʲôģҪĲŮ.ǵ㶫
濴𾢣ȴûŮˡ
ǵģϦദô죬跢߽źľһСӣŮһƽʱˣֻϴµʱŻݵس֣ҵü˳۲һ仰Ȼûһ˵
Сӵ˼Ⱳǲָţֱһ
ϲ黰ȴһѣ˺档
ڴǶοʼͲ̫಻ʺϵݡ
ЩͳܺӢòʵĿȱиʶûԵúƽƽ
ɷûôߣؿţһηչģֻǾãķΧá
м.ȻԲڴ״ʱʱƿ֮ľͺ޶˱һʣ΢΢ʹ˼죬ĵֲչˣƽң粻飬ʹȥ濴ﲻƲƲ죬ӵǸľԴ˻֪Լ⣬ýһ۷ַֺϺϣָŰС裬˵ǰɣ
һҲûתͷһʱȻ֪ʲôʱѾ۾˯ˡ
ôȤ𣬾Ȼ徭ʹʧЦһ淽££ӣȻ󰲾ؼԼĻ


54 ʬ
һ˯ú, о嶼ɿ֪࣬ʲôʱѾͣ, ȴ˳֮ˡ
ү, ˣϾ߽
š͸, Ѿͣʿˣվڷڵģһ, иЪϢ
أ
ͷλС˵
ҽǣ辪ȡ
, , ͳҲ, Żͦ࣬үҪ³𣿡
ͷϾö, ߳ᡣ
ⲻԶгδѩͳ˵, 춯, һͬ
裬üͷʱ𣬲õôˣͷô䣬òеɫ, Ͻسϴ, гԵĻ
˵, ϵмҽòſ, ͽ͸ϡ
罫ӲӸ˸͸ǹ˵̫ˣͷᣬһ߻滺££ͱȥˣòã
굥ģһҲΥͣϸϸ
ʶ㣬ϱЩȻ˷һֻۣܴһ͸ȥ󡣡ֱӾôЭˡ
ϵЦݲɵؼصߣл¡
濴Ʋͣʵõع˹ȻС֣ƨƨߵ˸¯ȥСүš
Ϊͷ⣬ǧͳ죬ƺΣ֮ǰֻǸ۵ĽУξʶ裬ֻ㼸˳ë˵һʱ۾ɳ
˵һ·Ϊǿǰôչλ꣬ĸԸŵġ
һ²
ʲô̲ס͵͵Сӡ
Сش𣺡㿴£һｵһСүӵĿǣԺ۾͹ŵ㡣
ôСΪǰһˣ⻰ԿţʱȻ𾴡
м߿ΣгֱӶδѩ̾ϢһۼСܽǸ쵱
ǵһ첻߶Եģʲô°첻ɣ
δѩΪȻ˵߽üûãԷһһ޲ժ㣬ƺҲ⡣
ԺǣҲ˭ĵܵܣҪǸң϶ͷΪǽԴ
Ļ˵Щ˳ǣ̲סһۣҲ
̷ϣǿ϶ү
ĵΪֹǽˡ
棺Ȼϴˣ裬΢΢žµ°ͣСģܵ⡣
룬ǵүȻˣȥġ
һˡ
첲߹˰ɣüëռ˱Ƶ¶ӵЦ
ƲƲ죬óɱﵣٴһ㣬ҽҲ
ʲôг翴
ȿȡɫ˵°ɡ
ΪȻ
Ƶ֣Ϊأһ·ҲϹ·ߵİաʬ廹ȻݹᾣǲʳˣҲܴѿó˼ȣͶ·ԽӺʬԽࡣ
λ˵ĺܳأΪʿ˵֮أնϢƽû˭ۼܾúңԶȻλԶӺᵽʲôҰĿ꣬˱ʹѡ
׼뵱мҴϵǵʱǺصʱ̣һ·ϲ֪ˣپĽ֮ˣĲǾǻȲȥ
ºмҽʱΪУÿһ˵ķΡ
Ǿڷ̽ڻǰصĸ£ʮϴˣ²ʬ壬õĳ̶ȣЩ죬Щܸá
ؼѵ񣿡
ƿδѩ˵ЩʬȻ飬Ǳ˰ģгڴĺۼȻѾ˼죬䣬δãóʬʵе˵˶ԲǶһ죬Ƽݵ
˼ʲôݣ
̡
ʣͽɵģ
δѩ˵пܡ
ʮʬ塭뷽һۣ²ֻһ̶Ӱɡ
δѩ̫䣬ַ꣬ʱٻ̶ӾֻпŻ½½ظѹʱ䣬⼸Ӧˡ
С˽⡣
ЩϴЩȽϤ
Щƺˣ˵ôıƻ治⣬ֻһٵɡ
δѩش𣺡ԣֻһٵͨӺͽ֪ǽ˶ɱˣԺ󲻸ҲͲڡһо˶ǰר·ͽ֮ҲɹʶôͷСҸ֮߹Ρ
˵Ծ˲ԼЩ˾ܲ·ѣ
δѩҡͷҲ֪
ʱֵʣǣ£ְɻ˾ڹٵΪӺ֪ݲΧ𣿡
гָ¬ɽָЩܸа
δѩЦΪЩôģûˣ׼Ҳͱˡ
𾪣ɾ˭
Ǿ͸ˣʲôУ˵ӺĿӣΪΧСԴԴϵ̶ӹбǵǮס
¡
ڰ֣Ǻ󻰣үʰΪʲôСҲǰȥ̽ڣδѩʡ
ǲʿǰδѩ޾ʵ̽·ĿҲû˸Ҫô
Ϊû˵꣬ͼǮԶ߹ԻλƵӣԳÿﶼһӡ
վڵסȥ·֣й
¡ǮҾ
濴Ǯ΢̧°ͣʾһݡ
ǮλֱҶ½ңٿƹ񣬻еƹ񣬶Ǵ̶Ӹڵ³ǰӺ
ص˸ˣʲôƤĵ
֣ġЦһ·еµĸǸ鷳ҹҹҲ赣вǾţСָмôɿǮϰҲڵµĶУæǰһ⣬Цɡ
񣬲ɾ⡣
˵Žĺӳ
ˣ뷽迴һۣ¶ζЦЩʲôӣù
СӴǰȡ˹һһ򿪺ӡ
üȻʾΧҲ
ƹ񿴵¶ľȣЦȵӺϵĻˣȻһݺ񣬸л¡
ƥѹ£ֻǿǰصָǲǻб󣿡
Ӣ¼ӻСˡ
ʱ˵Ҳ̫ףȻûǵ˼һ·ӺǱӻˣͲ񣬶ˡ⻹˼ɣ
ǮƹҶѾǴµǰǾͲҪӣ˵ɡ
¶ǣҪҲЩ˵Ӻ̫ƽ
Ӻʲôʱ̫ƽδѩ
˼֮ǰȥӺ̶ӣȥԺûϢǳˣٿӿڵ
һļ˻࿴һۣЩʬ塣
ô֪Ҳûʱ䣬ˣӺһʱҲ˵ùȥʡ
ȻǮش𣺡裬ǿ̶֮ܲоΪ̫󣬷˴ӦĶ࣬һȦģʲô£к
Ǯϰ˵öԣ캮ָأ˷ͽʵǸĵ·ϣҲͰˣСҲʱǰӺ̶ӣһ˳ǣ˸ţ֪ǡ
һ·϶ûյϢǲǵһӦԪ֮ͳģҲζţЩ̶ӶûӺߵͲϢ½̾Ϣ
Ҳ֪ǰ淢ʲô⼸ĻŻŵģÿǮƹڵµĳ㽫¸֪
δѩǽڵ˵֮ҲŸ̽һȥô£ȻЩʬ塣
ʬʬ壿δѩĻ˵
ƵЩ̶ӵģ¾ɲһʮߣǰأߵĻˣϵĲҲһ㲻ʣ
ģ⡭ƹӱ˴˵￴˾塣
ȻʣӺѾôˣǲ·ûʲô񣿡
ϲ̫Ȼôһ˵гȸоԡ
û֮£ƬĵطֻӺɰ¬ɽ˵ĵУ͢û֣ܺĿȥѣȻ֮⣬𡣡
гһ˵һ˼ǰµ·ʱѾγɹģˡ
δѩͷǻԶԶܿС
ȻǴĽ죬ΪǴϡ٣߽Ĭػ·
ϵԶԶʱһǸĴ񣬴ʳҲˣֻࡣߣҲûбǧһطֻᶺڸɽƤݸΪ
ЩȥĶ
뵽Щ̶ӵʬ壬ÿﶼ˴𰸡


55 
ǧͨķ˻˵һ, ûĸͷӸҲҲʹ졣
ȻΪܣͿֲˡ
㣬ǧ, ˡδѩ
ƾ㵣ô࣡
ֻٲࡣ
£Ǹô죿
ƵĻ˶, ˿̲Ƕ಻ŵү, Ҳ⡣
Ӷ˶̧ĿӺķȥ, ѵúܿüԶ, ԼԼܿһ޴ĳǳء
Ŀĵؾǰˡ
迴Ǯ˵, ȴλƹȥЪŰ, µôӳ顣
Ǯͷ̶µ߰ɣѾ˽ˣȥϢɡ
Ҳֻ, , ô졭˻ҡͷ̾Ϣﶼĵǡ
һ¡Ȼ溰һ
ͣ½Ų
Ȼ֪Ӻ̫ƽΪʲôҪð׬Ǯûʲô˼
һʣ΢΢һ㶡
Ц, Ȼ׬ö, һС, ҪٻƣѽŹء
Ҵҵ˾Ͷ࣬һ굽ͷҲˣ̫ƽͿԶƵġ
ȥɣȥ֮˵ǮǴˡ
µģĬ֮С
ĸ·˹ˣʱԵĶЯĸ΢Ъţ͵ü·
ȻƣٽӺҪأϻǴϣ˵Цؿʼ׼
ʱǲҪǰˣȥôɡ轨
ǷԸƣȥԭذկӪǿ䱸
ǡ
г˼ţô󶯾ѾˣδѩޱСС˪Դȥǰ̽·߹ٵһϢϻر⣬ϡͳһڽ䱸
ǡδѩû໰ȥҽǡ
۾սȣԶԶԱ߹أмѪмˡгôţ˵棬Ҳķڷġ
ҪδѩԸȥ˵ֲǲڻµʬ壬һ뱻Χ롣
˵𣬸ɴ׷Ұ࣬ƴƴմճһ㿴ù۵ţûģȺ
ȻΪǰࡣ
Ӫ˼緹һ顣
һֱʣӺ֪֪֪ܣѾΪͽɱ̶ӹ·ˣ
δѩԥȻ֪
𾪣ôܹ޶ԣһͽô죿
ôгʧЦﲻԭأس֮༫ո׳ռҪǰһУ£͵·һ£ܲߵ˵֧ŲסֻӺɱá
ΪʲôҪɱأѶ˾ˡ
ɱˣϢ͸סˣΪ˽ȥǶ˷ߣ̶
Ҳһʱ֮ơƵûõǰϢѾҪҪȥԭŵ±ӻô񣬹Ѿùˡ
̾ϢĻû˵꣬͸еһ˿֣һ̧ͷ˶ֵؿɻôˣ
˹ˣΪʲôү߶Щؿһ۱ϺŵԲСֱ̫࣬Ĳѡ
£ְĶ˵ˣӺףЩɱΡ
û˵ô룬ΪЩ񲻳Ӻ֪ݲŻ𣬵ȵûеùЩں֮ʲôӣ
Сʲôӣ
һԼǴЩľͺãָ̫࣬ҪشԵķ˳ˡ
˲Ĭ۾ţ뷴ʲô룬Ҳֻһ
ûԵô죿߾ʳ
˵һˣʮˣҲ޲
֮£ҵĪڴˡ
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սǱӲһЩȻмҽһ뵽Ƿ棬㲻롣
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δѩĻ޶˳ء
гɫȻеķŭȴһתš
ⲻǶЩΪܵ񣬶Ƕų͢͢ĲΪֲҾ硣
ãƲһԼ뵽ڵĴǵô죬Ӻ֪ݸڳӭ
гҲҪߵõС
⣬ѵҪؿⱩͽײ£ƾò˼飬ǻӣշӺɶġ
δѩͳ죬Ӻ֪ͣڳ͢µͨݸﱾͲܳ͢ƣϣ֮ǻӵĺ˳ţǰΪס¬ɽܺö˶˵Ӻ֪ΪȢŮֽŮ޸ԷƽҷԴӹˮ
˵벻ҪӭݣϺͺˣʵ۵˾;ԸһСڱͽ볯͢ɱѹһٽռݹٵ⣬»
⻰˵ʱδѩǿģ·ͬλүӺľơ
ӺԱɳŹأפأˣ߽ΨǮ̹Ϥ
¶Ϊѣҧҧ£ֻǧǻסǲ硭
ȥ
ҪͷһȥƨүԼҵķأûطƨرһȺŻȥĶ飿
ǡ
ûпǣȺɵƾ͵ſүЦ⣿汩
Ȼгȴ˵ͳĽ鲻޵еıȷԶԸȺ֪򲻹αƽ
гôһ˵ƴ˵£ǳҲͰˣǧ֮κʧȻؾ±ڳ͢١
üͷ뵽Լ˳ǰµĺݻΪĸƽԩԶ
˳Ӧ֪ѡӺ⣬õҰģȻ˱ᣬػؾ˳ôʲôΪĸףΪ壬Ϊкԩ˸˳
ţ֪УȭͷһĵĲʡ
ߣĿǷ׵ָϣֱ֣ɼ˶δйʧ̬
Ȼ뵽ǸСҹѰһӺ²ǿԶ볯õķأʽϵλһɡ
뵽ʣ㣬㣬øȼݣĶҪܵ
г˼ţЩԶҪʮգԸԸδ֪ҪĻֱӴɳŹصҲ߰գֻϹأؾȥ
Ȼʣ»ؾأ
һӽ˼
гҪһɽǵǻؾ߹С·ֻ᫺ܶ࣬ǲ֪ܲܳŵס
δѩ˵裬ù»ؾС˪СǣȻɳŹأůЩӦǣǸʱ򡭡Щ񡭡
Ҳˡгζؽȥ
ʲô˭֪
һ̾ףҲǸӣֻ̫ͻȻˣλõºú룬ͳǿѲӺͽ䱸ɡ
ƵСүġ
ţ裬һҲͬȥҪ˵ȴ賯ЦЦյȭͷһ㶣ſƣֻϲ֪мָۣƤ⡣
ż˵˵ţ㿴δѩг磬Ҳ˵һĪš
δѩЦ裬㵱ùʲô¾ͻŵĺլ֪ˡ
ùϡһӪѲӣ˵Ҫһصĸо
г˵ó汧ȭͳȥˡ
ŹҲͷȥҵҩǺˣ˹һ˵
СͷǵؿһۣȻȥˡ
ȵ񰲾˵ҲܻȥС裬ߡ
û˵ƿʣܸҵˮ𣿡
üֻͷϵĲ豭ŬŬ죬Ȼһü¶ָлЦݡ
ʱȻװɰԣüͷܼӬ
ϧһµĳϦദѾ㹻轫үĴ磬չ˼ܵ
ǼһСಡزõķû취ֻ⣬鲻Ըص˱ˮݹ
߰ɣЩ̶ӹҲǰˣҪôС·ȥɳŹأҪô̶ӻؾ
ǵأ
үĿһû˵
΢΢üȻʵһʵʲô˵ͷӺ𣿡
ʧЦһŷֲµʲôˣ
Ĺϵܲ˵һζ֪ͳһС
ܡȻӦˣڴ֮ǰ˻һ䣬ʲôϵ
˲ղȷ˵ǽĹϵ
һЦС裬ǲǸүˣҲûûƤˣ
һ̯֣˭ýīߺأû취
ôô˳ۣʹʱҲ⡣
ֻһ뵽ȥ˵ĻЦݾصȻǸ˵˵ˣùģүǲõģ
⻰˵ĺҪƵġ
׻ܺ룬ȳضˡʣ
Ȼ
泶˳ǣ˵ϵʮǰĹǾ¡
Ǳԩġ϶
ϡˣ֪ˣ
ЦЦ˵˭õӾݵô࣬ǹ͢ӲԩһߡװģҪһ£ҶԻʵۺ޾ηʱʹʲµˡ
ٲ²ʲô
˼̣˵ȻǱԩģǱȻݺߣյۣӦñԻԹԻ֪ġĬˣԸĸ֮ܲԩҲԸ⴦벻ף֪ʱ̫³͢⶯𣿻߶谮ֲֵϷ󡣡
ŷķ͵͵ЦЦ˳С裬˳Ļʵ۱¸ҵĽǰߡ
ԺȻǣֻʲô
ͷһΰ˼⣬˼·˵õ̫ˣΪʲôһƹܺ󹬣
㻹̫ˣС裬ʵΪʲôҪأڰƺ󰡣
ʲô
һ˲Ȼе˼飬ıǻʵۣΪʲô
Ŀñ̹ǣΪҾ˾ˣǲڴɹҳӣĸףպ÷ôġ


56 ƽ
渵, ֻԴվݲǼµĶǷںӰӵ, ǱȻҪɱڡ
ǸҹʹĲ״Ԫɣ֮ǰиԽ֮´ϥ̸Ҵӡ
˵ƾ, ⿴ĳ֪λж࿡, Ҵ壬ϤĵճӣͶ֮ضǷ绪, ڶŮŮȻҲʵۡ
ҹ, ƣҩ, ʵ۴Ѿ, ڰ಻סеĶ֡
ϧǹŻеĽ㣬̾ʹ裬֮, , ǡֱ￴ˡ
ʱֻҪ¶ӣͿԷΪʺ˵ܵܽݣӸȥʵڸɼ˵£Χź, һ·ͨ, ۼһĻ, Ȼٲ
ĵУһ뵽ȥȷѪ꣬ԼǷ⳾ʮԩ
ϻλû꣬ƨɶûȣҷֶϣһ¶˵ôĿ̣дλùģһǻѪ׼չȭŵ״ԪɾͱˣӭͷһǵǸС޲£ȴ޷Եֵ÷˵ԩԩ
ԩ̫ԩˣشݶλ״ԪɵŻ磬һˣôǰ̺ʲô
ɲǣֱԩˣصظһߣΪ⵹һңѹ游ֻܴŶӵʬ뿪ʹά˻ʼ棬ҲлĶԹ֮ӵڡ
ʲôûȻһͱ˸Ⱦָ˾ˣĸףʹʧŮԩ
˶ЦĻƣĳĸףĶȴİõسĲТЦڹ׬ȡſݴȵ
һ뵽˵񣬡أλаʲôɫ
һЦѽ빬ΪȻװ׵ģ״Ԫ֮ǵ㲻֪ûе˭ȻֻΪõˣＸ䣬Ҫ֤ʵ˽ܣȻҲôһõ߼޻⡣
ĮЦǣһʮĸ
죬밲οʲôʲô԰
յиʡ
ô֪ôϸ
˵ͷ
Ϊǵù״Ԫš
һ㶣ôܣ
ûʲôܣ游뿪ǰһ£ðɣĻֻĿȫǣݿֲ뵽ưֻһֻ۾ؿǸ߸ϵĻʵۣ֪ǵжޣʹȫΪִڡ
״Ԫɽʲô
֪
ɾҲеϸڰɣ
˿˵ʱʧٵʧ٣ǣϰˣƾԼıµȻҵ֤ݡЩѼÿ֪һЩ
źȻһ٣̧ͷʱ󣿡
꣬ǰ꿪ʼģҺǲˡӸȴǱҳһŶ˵ģǽӴĵһ
ƺܵͻȻͼ¶һںЦݣǾȻʧˣĿã㱣ִ˿˿£صСʱ
ҧס˴³̡֣
ⲻǶŻʵۺ޿ˡΪ游Դһ߰ĺӣÿĸĳޣḷ́
¡豾Ϊ׼ܵסԼɱݺݵšһѣʹòˣںȻؿһƣ
ƿȣڻعʶʣûˮ𣿡
־ҪȥˮȻŸأ˫ֱ˹ץסƣԲ𡣡ѯˣҳ˰̣
۾󣬱һһҪ޲޵ӣһͿʲôүû£˵ⲻҪ𣿡
ͷ˿еˮģ֪ͲˡһڻЩ
űӣźȵˮǷݾ㵺ͳʹȴ˸ۡ
ǲôԴġ˵
νⱾӦõġ
һͣʲôӦõģѵɵЩ£
еʧЦС裬Ϊƽ𣿡
ȻֲԼѡģܣһĥģôСĺӣʲôˣѵɱ˫ۣΨһĸ׻ڣѵҲϣΪĹߣ
һģüͷһ壬žһѻ
ӵڿ۾Ŭάģ֮£תˡ
ʵүûûΣǰҵߣѵҾͶиˣ˴ðˡ治ֻڻʵǰģƽԩҾؾԡ
ĨһǾͲȥ
أ
ɻҵȻ㣬ܶˣѵܷ𣿡
𰸣ǲɵ˵ǱȻǷĵģүôˡ
Ȼһ뵽ĵְһƲҡͷ㲻Ҳ̫Σˡ
Ҳ¡
ѽ
ѿڶһ˲һͬסˡ
˴˵۾ﵹӳŻӰӣЩ֮Ķߣƺһ֪ʲôˡ
촽ƿ۾˵ﳶҺȣһи̣㻹ƴҿǲ𡣡
ȣ
濴ʵϵص˵ͷҪõ𵶣䡣
£ѵҪȺȥƴ𣿡
Ȼأ
һõǹȻ䣬ȴӮ˫Ӯ
˫Ӯ
⻰˼ˣڷ棬ʣô˵
ǽɣһ˵
䣬ƺгʹ߽Ҵһص£ⷢټˣ
˳һô죡
г˵Ӧͷˣһֱеŵµĳݹȥû뵽ֱ;ͣ£Щ̶ӻתȥļµҲˡ

Ӧ򣡡
Ӿѹôණʮѳһ˭˲ټϻ̶Ӹţһ㣬һ£㹻Щ񰾹ܳһʱ䣬ɲ㳲
Ĭ֮󣬷Ц£Ҳ߲ˡ
㻹ЦóĵʧˣȻг磬˵Сڻ𣿡
гҡͷǲУɽҰΪ֮Ʊ󳷣ϱرĸľ¡
ƺݺݵͷ£߰ɣȺɲ˭ɽڲ²ûѽ
ػؾ濴˷裬ǰһ㣬ͳ죬ǲߡ
ʱһϡƺδѩݶһˣԾȵؿŷ裬ߣ
ĿᶨԣߣҪ񡣡
*
ͷС˪СɻӣҪˣôȥûˣ
ʱСӴ˶Ųյæסô¶
ͷءСӵ
𣿡
СҡҡͷӦǲˡ
ΪɶѽѵҪ򣿡
⣬ڵҲһɻ
˵ǵȷһ㣬µĿĺĿʵһµġ
°˼ţүĿȻǳΪӺˡ
š
ϡƽ˵ĿȻǳԱůȥ
û
һ̯֣Ķһˣ˿Χһͷˮ
ЦЦȻһµģҪԱů⿿ٹ·̸ԱҪг͢ȼáɳΪӺˣôٵȽӺ
ԶôӺǵĴš
һƣǣ´
汧˱ȭô²ֲȻأ
ЦȻйͬĿģôͿѰ
ȵȣС裬˼ȷҹȥҽӺǺ˴򿪳ţǽ߿ֽӼã˵ԼЦˣƾʲôң
δѩΪȻ͢ĹȺĶɱԽ񲻻һ֡
ҾģӺҲòס¬ɽôؿǷ
ףҪүˣ˵ѹôĺö㹻ǳϺóһʱˡ
ԣСүвͨûϹǻǻؾɡȰ
һһ׷׷񶨷裬һ˿ܣ΢ЦżȻϷŵУǾͽǴϣһȥ
һ仰˶һȥ
صصͷû
һȥ૵ͻȻ˵ǹ˳ң
ЦݶʱʢԣһֱǵĿٵµĳݣɱˣǶģǲˣʵҲֻһȺͶ·ͨհˡ
ɱԽվοǶŹٱŸӣǲѣش񶼲Ըô¸һع;ĻᣬҲǵϣڡ˵棬ĿֿⱾǵµΣһңһĵطͷ壬𣿡
⻰סˣؿŷ裬˫ں͸ӳڴ˲ʧ
ͷصصͷԣҵΡ¬ɽҪǲϷţˣһһذ٣ѵҲݲû
⻰˵ĺɣһԵĿӢ
мҽҲɵػ࿴һۣ΢΢ĮԶݣҲɵ
ʱʣôµĳŵ
δѩ˼֪տƾš
Ǿ͸ǳ⡣
ʲô⣿
ɱ¬ɽ
˵ſ裬˫Ŀԣпͬһ˼


57 ս
Ҫ˵Щʹ޵˭, ʱǽųӺ֪¬ɽ
Ϊ֪ݣһҪ°ճԱůް첻, ҲѪֿŰջ
ǵģӺ
شɳΣӺγĳвΪóз, ΪķḻˮԴ, Ҳζغũ
ЩҲǽ˰İհ
޹һϢĺ, ĸڳ°ϣĴһ˿֪, ûãӲĳһ, ϣ
֮һĿֱһͷײڱĳǽ, ѪȾڰѩǰԹޣĿġ
ؼİվͼ˾·
ɱ¬ɽӦñдԹˡδѩ
ȴʣôɱأ˾Ӻ, ֽȥ
˵, ӭֻҪܹ£ǲҲó
Ǳײ·ҲͰˣһʧ֮ǵ˳, Ȼӭ, Ǿǹ뺦, ͢һı֮Ӳˡ
ӺôҲǴ˳ݸһɱѹֵסͷһҪľ¬ɽ塣
Ըһ𵽳һǲô죿Ϊ¬ɽǱΪ飬һϷԸָΣ
ԼͳɷµطһͷͷǵģȻλѾΪܵĸо
ǲò˵ǵе
˿Ŀ΢¶зգֻһԣϾһں֮ڣһǧһʮѣǱˣ׶ıϾ٣ƽնϹٱһݾ£
Ŀⲻɵؿг磬սлȨ
гǲ䡣˵¶һ˿̡
ǴԵĶĵпܣಫſֽƴɱǶͬգܺݵģ
˭˭Ӯվˡ
ܲǲҪ򡣡ϡƸͬܵ˵
Ѿˣڶ࣬ڣ²ᰲ˵Ƶǵ˵ô࣬˼ҿС
ЦˣԣǱҪһ̸ܹеĻᡣ
˵ѾȫˣվˣλԽԽҪһӣҪ㣬ҪһǸҪݣܽסǸеη壬Żᰲ˵Ѫ⣬ܱɱһܾҪãǲǣ
һͬͷ
Ȼ濴мҽãƱǲָˣλǽӢ̸ۣ֪δ򣬲ܼµʿͽǵɷ񣿡
һ˵гһ淴ʣС
ԣϣ޹ɸϣҷʿѪ
гˣվȭãĩ
δѩ˵ǵ£û浱ɱ¬ɽӺǷңżһкǻ
⣬濴˷衣
ߵ㣬Ҫңƽܴµһǣǵµı
⻰˶Ϊ֮һ㶣涼¶ȣ
𣿡跴ʵ
һĴȣ̫߯ôˣЩ񶼱ˣȻκһûϵⲻү
δѩпͷʦÿãɴӺˡ
һĬĬؿ˷һۣУҲ۾Ȥǵµ÷ʲôٶ
뵱ʲôٶʲôٶ㶼У۾Ͷס⻰
ʱг纰²˳٣ǾͿʼ׼ͳ죬ټеʿ
ǡ
ϡƣеж£ճƥһ֧졣
ǡ
꣬ޱ
ڣλƿ߽
һٹִòսУɱס
ס
ǡ
شתִо
δѩ
ڡ
𵽺̶ӰУʮ壬ʮ˶ټٽ̻Ǽ򵥿ѹ󡣡
⿴Ƽ򵥣ʵǸ鷳¡δѩ˻ͷֹһ£ûоܾһȭʣµأ
ǡг˵ſ档
ͷϵΧм䣬һз˰æˡ
гǾͰеˡ
Ӧõġ˰֣ӣһȥĪҪֻš
ǣ¡
гԣ΢΢ü¶һ˿ʵЦݡ
ȻʣˣǶй𣿡
һֱСӻش𣺡У̹ģǲ
һüǸɴཫư趼ϵˣϲ䡣
ǳ桭һ£һ飬ĪЦǷѪ
ʱС˪Сλˡ
Ųһʱг㣬ʱң̲ϻɳŹء
˫̥Ŀһ㣿
ٽ¸֪游
˫̥࿴һۣСʲô
ȼݡг˵дһȣ֤¡
ˣ㶣н
г翴˷һۣȻҪӺѵΪ⿿Щ͹һȺں֮ڣһɢ
û壬Щͷ߹Թ
ΪرɳŵƺмЩ̴ҵʲôС
뵽Щ治ɵֱ̧ȭлн
лͲ˵ˣֻҪµΡг˵꣬˫̥ȥɡ
ǡ
һжذȥʱҲû˸СЩŮӣؼʱ̣һȺүǶǵġ
С裬ǽΪûжӶȨĻūЦ˳񡭡ȴÿˡ濴ų뿪ıӰ˵
ǾЩմȨգмҶŮɳŲԺ
һġ濴ŷ裬峺ˮУһ֣ص˵쵽ġ
һнΪ˸ֻҪܽǸ߸ϵ˴࣬ҺòøһϵûУžͶΪһעʧܵ๥ڦ֣ܾˡ
ڰջ꣬ܲţǱƾʲôҪЩ޹֮˵ĳԺ
ڣǰһıߣͼȫķ裬ֲεĻҲ˵
ʵῴм߽øͲͽ˻ˮУЩһǶԻ׹̰һһøҲûУûз裬ͬ·
Ҫ֪о֮ˣóıǷҾ顣ѵֵס
ôܣƾʲôҪԸЩɱ֮ˣ
ûзȰ˵ֻԹԻؾ
ʶתӦһͬӺʼܹѪõ٣ȻҪģԲŻʵذ
С裬ǲҲҪҵԭ򣿡
ǰûκԥػش
һ˲俪üƣΪ˵ö࣬ɤЩ˻ƣȰڻЩʱ䣬ҪϢһһжźˣҲٲġ
ûôסҪͷŹķı

治⣺㻹ʲô
迴һ˵Ҫɱ¬ɽѵҪ֪ݣ˵ɱɱʦ֪֪
һ룬ƺҲԣ͢͵ףԵù䡣
ɾͶˣͷһְ
ʣţڶ
ڶͽɱԽˣû⡣
У
̰۸ܣֹپܸɾ
ԡ
ˢˢˢдţЩΪѵЩû֤ݣѵҲſھ
һʣһ˵û֤ݾ֤ݰôЩɶ֤ŪһԸ飬ֱԳͶ֮ΪЩ壬˵ô
澪⣬ôû뵽
Ȼ粻ֲܿᣬǶԽеġЦ˵
ͷɴҾ͵ԩԩг𱨳¬ɽףͬʱ߹һҲӣɳŹصıǳûһǡ
صءšһһ˫üЦòޱȡ
Ȼһ̣ȵ۾
δ˵꣬ͱһѱ뻳ײš
裬ͻȻ֣үʵҲлл㡣ߴĸпͳ֣أ˸млл㡣
ıʵײеۣɾ㵹Ц̧˫ֻرסı˵Ҳһ
*
⶯ʵ̫ˣһӪؿʼرǸڳ̶ӣԼƽգֱŵ
Ժδѩʿǿ׳жһ󾪺ͼС
Թʱ鶡һȥѻأ޾һ£Ϊ˱ȫԼıսǿЩ±Ӷǰȥ
һ޺Ůѷ֣кһ۴ޡ˺ѷθȥûɶ
δѩͶ䣬Ρ˵˵Ͷˣǲ
ôֻңֱҪ
һǮ̶Ȱ˵ǺðһЩ̵ĶЩ彡ˣϾʹ˼һֱӾ顣
ʱ䲻ˣδѩһǲϣֱ̧֣ʿǿ֮ʱһϵ
ʵ̫ͻأˣһڸ˿
δѩعͷ̲סһ飺ùã
ֻݴһȺмŮżģӣ˫Ź鳣һ콣ˡˡˡ
ֻ̹ͨģȴó˾ĵơ
ǵŮӣﶼһŹư裬ŹϵãһʱȺεŮӶʱеĿ⡣
ԣó£ϲսܸǸӣҲܴ
ǡ˵һˡ
ݱŽŹһߵԼˣ͵ؿĸǰȻ󽫹鳵ϣ˵һǧɳŹصĽǴ죬վǰ棬ǲǵˣӣ׶ˡ
ݵĿյϣ˫ֻյס𣿡
Ǹһ۵˵߽֯һ̲ס
涣ѷ֡
սҲǵģǴź֪Ǹһη壡
ݵĹǰٵһΣӣڷſ֣ù鳣ʣĻᱣ𣿡
ᣬǸźӺ˾һǾڶм䡣˵ſǣǵ޶СǵǺ£Ǹ£¸ңǸη
ǣţ
Ҷͷ㽫ĴｫŮư裬һһ͵ЩƽŮӵ
ߣǸ˾ְúôӮһս˵ŴһӣŹǷˣźӣЩһȥ
һֱˣǸгߵƶ°͡
ǮŴ߾Ĵָ̾ù治ǹùãǼ˵ӢŮӣ
ϵδѩɣǵȻмҵŮˣͨ𣿡
˵꿴µǣˣֵˣóڣϡ


58 
ֻӺǸһũ, һĶֵǿһĿڣȻΪص˰Ϊһ, µĿûʣˡ
벻ףӺĹƽ˰ҲգΪʲôũҪǿн˸ȥʲӵ·ǹٵѾ, ˵ĳѰͽӺǣ˵ͷ, ¬˵ĸۡ޵ִֻΪλҪٵĿʳ
ܷ, һүͷԣǸô죿
Ȼֵ, ʵͽ˾͵˾·
Ҫ, ǹپǲţǳֺ, ˼һײ, ־ˣͷ
һļʸ, ˶, ҧסһ˾͵üѪ, ̫ˣס˿ȴס
, , ȥ֡
, ΪһڳԵģԼźӣҲһͷײڳǽϵĿһˡ
û˭ǸǸ߸ߵĳǽжʵΪҲһһ޵ģÿ궼ޣ겻ˣҪˡ
˵ʲôζӱźӾֵ۾ֻ̧ͷүʵʵͨ˾ʲôҪȥ·
ûȥĳ򣬿ǲҰãã¸Ķ
һӶû߳һĶֵص˰΢Զ㶼ĻŻšڣ֪˭ͷӴźɽ˲ݣ˿ܡ
еһһһһ磬ֻʣ˵ɽͷ
ǵģУ뵱Ķ˹»Ұһһȥү
Ĵ꣬ɽƤݸ꣬׼˵˺ֵʱ򣬿̶ˡ
Լ˵ѡ̫ˡ
ûʲô飬ʲô壬ΨϵֵҲĬ̾Ϣһ秵˭ҲĻ
Щ˹ڵϿధ󣬽еĶ˳ϣһ
ͷ˵ˣһߣû̶ˣʱ˭վʳ
ӲԼĺӺ˿гԣȻҲϣ˭վ
Щ˶ˣ۾ضǣģֲˡ
ͷӱ뽫ʬߵʳԱߵһȰһ䣬ŲԸؽʬ嶪ɽ¡
֪һˣ֮оͲֻЩùŮˣһͱˡ
ʱ򣬲Ĵʦе˼ɡ
վǳ֮ƣ˵Ų˳˵ӻǻᵽġ
Ӻ֣ΪʲôѧʵҲˣֻŲ˵ҲʣӺϵرԼ˵Ĺ¡
￴ӣ͵͵˰ѵһȥҳԵĻʱͷ㶵ؿĵȾѪԱһ鴤ˣѾ۴ޱӱڻ
Ӷ˵ĵǸˡ
˵ڴǿҵСûˡ
ӱѾһ٣Ȼ˵ͷ
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ĶѾͣˣץ½СС
ӿŶӣԼŮ浽ǸʱҲûеڶ·ߡ
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̶ǵ㶫˷֣̼˵ιͺüʮ˲䣬ɽͷһ۾Ź⡣
ϸʣ֪˭֪ȻǸ٣Ծǻʵ϶µĴ١
⻰ЩԥҪҪ˵йٱ֣ǧˣһɱ͢ѹˡһֱɱ˵ȴȰ˵ɽЩһһأ
ĻΪһһĲеҲĻΪǳϷḻʳ
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Ķˣ
еץӣ۾׷Ϲȥɽ£ˣȻ󡪡
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һɲǼŵˣ֮˶ݵĳĬ
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緽˵ǶԹٱżǿҵĿ־壬һغȣЩĵղˡ
Ȼվһɢɳ׼ȴ֣ЩҲͽˣҳϡһǹĸûԸˡ
ʱȺкʲôƨЩһͶǾһ
ԣޡֵǣˣ˶࣬ģ
ȥ
ȺӿϡĿһ裬ѰŻµļһϧǽƻֱ˶
ٿҲֵס˶࣬Ǿ鷳ˣɵؿϡƣн
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ǵ뿪һӿһٶ˥εٶԽϷųҪࡣ
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·սʿһȥǧεסɷǵȴһεǵĽŲ
װᶨɱڣ飬Ƥͷһȫģ
ⷽʿ֮һվгƣŲϽӽѹѹ͵͵ȭͷ
ϵƲ㲻֪ͷǸ죬Ļǳ˺ʪճ塣
ΪһУξҲǼٴ棬ȻݵľǣվѪĥ¡
ʶؿг磬λŮĿ纣һ˿ŵضûУ·ǰֻƵֽϻƺҲȷֽϻͳ򶨣潫εսиг磬һƢûС
нԽԽˡ
гĿ𽥱̧֣󣡡
󡪡ƳɤӴ󺰡
ʱԴʿضǰ
Ͷɱ
Ͷɱ
Ͷɱ
ȣصĶƺͳ.ǹûڵϣţ󽫶ǰһ٣˳.ǹǧ̤һ壬Ծ˵ʿĺǹ׼
ͬʱܼĹ¡¡ףһ硣
ĳ˹ʿ⣬оá
һ˲䣬ؿǰĿ־壬ŲɷŻǱĳ.ǹŹٱɱֱ
δ֣ѾЩѾ˵ӣΧˣѾҪˡ
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Сү治мˣ䣬ҵĹư֮ܰŵǡôСһƨ
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һԼۣǰվкͨˣźŮǵ޹ûǾеӣʱҲվñֱ
Ů˺Ӷأܺˣ
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Σոƨնվˣүѵں棬Ů˺һùưЦ
һֱͦӴʱ鶡ǣгȥȻ
£ôˣƼһȰҲ̫Σˣ
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˻ǺϸʱæũΪ˳ʳѡɱˡ
뵽г΢׼
Ƹ˼Ѫһɤӣ׼
ڸϣӸµǰޱ̴ͷſ˹ʿͬѰҸͷĿ׼һһɱ
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˭ܸӿ⣿ⲻѻʯ𣿾Ķүôоӻͣһ֧
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ɱ
ſ־Ŀ⣬վǿǰ졣
׼ޱһĬỊ̆۾һ䣡
ܼļʸ̧֮ͷˡ


59 ƽϢ
һҪꡣ
վ, һĲҽУĿ־壬޿׻, ̼ͱһģԵڵأǰͷһűոӣ̼䵹
һοսĲп, սһѹˡ
ڸ, ۾޹, ֻѪͰЩûȥڵϷ
þһֵļѾ㹻ˡ
ӵڿǰͬһ֮µ, ǽҲ֧Ųס
Ҳˡ
Ҫɱҡ
һź, Ҳ
Ӱ
һͣ½Ųǰʼ, еڶƿΧƴ, ȻһһһȺһȺ, ׷ױͷӴܡ
ֻҪš
, ȴһźͼ֮, ڱɢ
ǰͷ㣬治֪ǰǰ, Ƽ֮, ˲һ֮С
ƴؿ, ˼͡ôˣһ֧˵ײټһּ꣬ʮˣ񲻸ٷûԵйҲûһ
𣿡⻰̲סʣǽأ
˵ʱֻȰϽӻؾȥ֣ҲʿΧųӣ׼ɱˡ
ôʹһʼˣĺֻצƴɱһֻӾˡ
ηսʤսȻս֮ΪϲߣòսзȴҲսķ
ȻѪǲܵģǾٵѪгѡ
ûٹƣֻǶгнߡ
˵Ӻǻʮ·ЩȻʧӴܣǱϾڣһĵɱҪôɴػ˾ˡ
гȻҲôģף̧ǰһӣǰΧ
ȫǰΧ
ƴУǧӾǰ壬ɢ
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Ͷɱ
Ͷɱ
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ˡ
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ݵĿָӵмҽãдĽ
ǿɲ㣬ܾģȶ󷽣һ󡣡Цһݣﶼۡ
ִ͵ĸһһˮЦү˵ǣˣõūŸʮǰûʲô
̲סȻֹ̧¶ӵıӣ𡣡ͷߵߴߴʣǻҪʲô
迴ĳԷƣ۾һ˵ȻúοһǵӢۣͬʱԶĹص̾ϢҲǳһķɡ
һΧʱĬ㿴ңҿ㣬ͷ
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ȥȡˮҶͷ㣬ϾǣȥˮͰ
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үûȥǱչ˷衣
ȥǰ˵һ
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˿ѾͶǰС˺Լĺһƣ¼ݵ
Χʿʱÿһµ춯ɵ͵͵̧ͷֻһλͬ
źɫ˫צĽͷڣ̤ѥݼȴŭЩδǲҶ࿴׷״ͷ˺޲ڵϡ
һ뵽ǸղžҪɱλˣʱһһţźµһ˿
λˣɱǡ
˴˳ʵ۵ӣͷӺｫǱķأǱǱλģͶɱ˵˵һ仰
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Ȼһʶֵһ㶼䵽ʳĵزǶˣȺУУȻҲֻͨ
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ˣһӣ˰ɣأԺʲôү˵һٷۻȥúùӣ


60 
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ǹ֮, һҲѾһȥڣҵĻ, Ϊ׳ۡ
ڹͲڷŵġ֡дľλãǼλ֮ɺ
ٵͰˮ, ǳЩ˶, ²ԡ
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Ҷ˿ˮͰ߹, ֻЩ, һܸɡ
Ͼ, æԷȰүԶЩ, СĴˡ
岽, Ȼֶ, ˵ʵһο, ̫ˡ
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ʱԶȻһҵĻҪ쳹
̧ͷȥȻűЦ
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ĺܿ죬쳤ŲŶɼ尾ΪǿʿӺĳ̧һͰͰһ򿪣ζ
类ͨǼλ˵ֵѾõһ룬һװɫ࣬⿴۾ֱĶǿõģȫˮ
ʹʿˮûȥζ֪ж㡣ںĺ޲ϡ㣬һ㣬ֵûˣ΢ûʲôҪֻҪôζ㹻
˲ɵǰӵֵµУξţ𼷣𼷣ҺúŶӣֵõ˵ˣǲԣҲȳϣ
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⻰ȻǰĲ٣ʹĩβҲֻĽеš
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ȻλȻоصĵλ
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Ƿ賯ЦЦЩҵۼһ׶һźþȥô졣˵Žַŵϣһͽƽȵشǿʯͷǰ档
ԲſˣԾڷףɸȵȴΪԥӭֲĵʲôôͷһλ֣ضԴ
ڰ˼ʱ򣬽СӵĶ𾪣λȻӲʯͷ
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´Ž۶ûС̫ȲһվĺƨһƬ۵İ׻ң̫ྐྵȻˣ
СӲʯͷϽкŷ裺Сү
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ĶôϻȫʯͷҪûվȣˣ㲻ұƴ˷һֻۣʵ
ǾͶл.ˣҸǴ˷࣬һͬʣǱߵһָָĳպŵʳС
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СӺͳմʳУһһİ˳ָˣԲҲһ롣
СүԹû
ͷԹˣҿСÿһҾͱˡ
˵Զʵ̫࣬Բòֳ·飬һ߼飬һ߷࣬ÿҲŵüֻҪϣǶԸɰͰ͵صȴţŲӣĽؿѾˡ
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˵ͷң¬ɽɱҲɱ
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żҵĳ޶һˣ
Բʲôֵÿ佱ĵط
ܡ΢𣿡ʡ
Բ˶٣˶ǿЦһҲûʲô˵ģ޷Ƕ֮ޣ֮𣬽űѻʯ¼Ӳдˡʱ·뵽جΰӣ˱֡
Ȼǰֶһ࣬һ롣
˱ǵİ࣬ѾûʲôȴԲۿѬʪȣˡʧ̬ˡ
һеĿƶˮʻ˶ӣ̧һĨ͵ǵܽ¬ɽ֮Է˵Щ񣬾ӺʮҲм£ӵ£
˰֣㲻˵ү·ûĻ·
ʣ֪Ӻжؾ
ԲԼĪǧǴȴֻ಻١ôһ˵ɵؿ棬ǵֻǧʿԶԸ
˭˵ֻһǧⲻ𣿡ŬŬǱ۰Ͱͺ
ԲˣҲ㣿
ô㣬ѹѹһȺȳһϳ൱ڣ㽫үͳˡһ뵽޲ù¿ߵļƣľǺ
˽ᣬûͳ춪ɳŹȥúĥһٻ
ȻԲȴɻˣǡŵľݣű󡭡ôһλСĽָӡԲªţûһϵĴ򣬾ֻôѪЩѹġ
˵Ǳܵģ˵ǱŰܵģʧ˶־ʵʵͶ
ԣ˳ǵȻ𣿡
ԲһĪǡ
ûⳡսָɳŹصġ

һۣôܻôӣɵѽɣǱ߿ʲôͬ
񣬻мӵʿԲ۾ϸȺãȻزָ֪˭¡
ѽ۾һ㣬ˣһȺүʲôÿġǱߣվʯͷϣųڻ˵ǼλƼûˬӢˣŮüŮŮƣСС㻹Źأһһˣ𺳣
ͿһԲԴʹָмҽڵĵطԲ֪濴˻ûֻ㶵ͷţ𺳡
ȻһѷſԲֱؿڣ⼸λڣɶµģǰɣţ


61 ˻
ɳŹزǴ˳Ĺؿ, ȴΣյһΪһǻū
פɳŹأū赲νӢۣһƬط, ɱȻʵۻ
̾, Ҫôս, ҪôΪʹ粡, ͽ¼ѾͷƬӣȻ缸괫вüı£û˭һ¡
ŮǴôܸᲢۣΪķŹưɣϾѸߡ
ԲȻҲôΪ, ȻһսֱӸʲô֮ܡ
¹ªˡԲɽȴгɡ
л˵
Բǣ¾þнָⲢݣӺ, ¬ɽеǰ취Щ޷
Ц, ΪҪڳﶯ
ǡ
Ȼһͽ, ɴ䣬÷ŻɽЦеز
Բˣٵ˼, ܿĴ㡣
, ֪ζӭ, ȷǶ¬ɽõĻᣬǡ
ǧУΪ͢٣¾ΪҲ⴦Ȼ˾ٴģ˵Էڣľɲ˷ѣ¿ЩǧʿΣżҺͺ˱Ȼο˳͢ڵ¶ҲǺ󻼡
֪УԲѾվĽǶ˼ˡ
滥࿴һۣ뽫¬ɽɱ֮˾λţû뵽ȴȰ˼
ŵ˼Ǻãʡ
ԲȻ֤ȷ䣬޻˵ɱҲǵе޿ָժ֤ݡ
ͳһֽ˹ȥơ
ԲӹһȻ棬ԭ׼
泶˳ǣЦеķ˵дģ벻ôȫ
ԲʱԷĿ࿴Ц˵ⱾΪ׼ģһѹ£ԴΪ̸УŅ֣̀ǵ£¬ɽͷ­⣬û뵽ҽ͡
Բһ̧֣мҵĹӣ
񣺡Žǻڡ·ŵµ
ԭˡ
ʣžΣ
Բϸϸоٵ֤˵Щ֤Ȼ꾡ȱ㹻֤ݣԸ鲻ѣҪ¬ɽ֮ԷЩȿֺӡֻǡԲ̾Ϣһ񵱳Ϊ˽ǣɱڳǽаˣ࣬ΣȫƸΣӺǣڡ¬ɽŲòԴˡ
Ƽ
ԸǿΪ¬ɽΪ侮ʯΪһ
һĲݿܣĥе־ͼ֣ò˺õĻ۾ΪӺñˣȴɵеֽŨŨĲʡ
ˣ˵һΪ
Բͷ˾֪ɲܶ
ҵ֤أ˵ſѾ񣬡˵Ľɱ˼ףŻвٻ棬Ӧܹϳɡ
ԲһʱüǵԣˡĪҪʳԣ
һ㶣ɵ˵ѵֻˡð֮֮ǰɱӣɱԽ׷ǵ׷ɡ
Ҫͣ⻰ʱЦû趮硣ؿ˷һۣĿУ¶񱻱ΣΪҲͰˣЩ󣬱ǸֵԴ£үƾʲôˡţ˵أ
Ӣֻ˼Ǵ㽫ȫҳ
ԸΪʲô񣿡˵Щɣûôҳ
˵ּģ񣬵Щ˶ȻǲȱԵĴģ⿴òֻҪĽʵ׶˺ӵеĥĺžȷˡ
үڼʱصʿעˣʱ򡭡
Ȼȴ˵С˵ûȷ˲ȱԴûУҲܴٳʳЩƻ֮ɽ֮ǰģԷһҡ˵ֻпЦأЩҲѾûʲôˡ
ɽµʮʬ壬ͱ޶˳ء
Ҫ£ҲҪˣȻ约Ⱥ֮һ顭
δ˵꣬Ȼһ紵ɲǼ䣬һѽ˳˵磬֯һ
˷Юɳ۾ֻзűӣǰצĽ巢㶡
˺һȴȥŻ
ѽɫˣ£䣬ִ󣬲ȻӪذɡСӻ˻ǰķɳ̲סȰ
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Ȼǿӵˣ˵水ŷԴεر
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δҲ̫˰ɡ
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軺̧ͷеȻҡͷ
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ȻһȻûԷɳɱķ޿ײ룬Ѿ壬
üͷ壬߰ɣûȥҩˣ֮˵ӣȥѴҹ迴
ǣ¡Сүע尡нǽиչˣһиʲôǵù£С磬ڱ볤һŷ衣
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Цҡҡͷ˵ԼЩʲô߰ġ
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ǹŵ棬룬ʹӣ·ͨǻ볦θ󣬾ͺѾȹ࣬ζ
԰ɣڣԺлԣáʢʿЦŴߴٵ
Ӻݣڣŵľ붼ȫ¶һζѵõ۾ʪĺ죬˿ΧȻүС˿
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ߵ·ȴ֮дһɧ
£ƴ˴ҴҸżֲ̺ԥָ̧ɧ֮
˿̣ڵϣѾȫˣɳ滹һ㳾ΧվˣЩһʵʵعڵϣϵʿǹΧɿǵĿȴûп
ǵʱгϡҲߵĿԣ˴˵˵ͷȻͨÿʿ߽档
һ죬ʶ̧ͷ½̽ȴֱ΢˵үүСû£ңҲ࣬ҾŸҵźӣˣ
˵СĵؽڵϣȻ̧ȫͷ
߹ŲˣеѾȹ࣬еĻûУǾôһ˵뵽ɽϵļˣ
үүһڳԵİɣҿѾûԶˣСǿھͲˣܲø
үүģСԸţǽǴɣ
үүһϣǰɣ
һ΢˵Ķû˳ֻŻƻϮһ󱯰
˶棬гϡƶ˹ȥ˾˭֪ξ
ſѾһѵ£ټǵ棬鶼ᱻۣòװµȻֻۡ
ſԼɵһ̾˵ͷġ
ˣտ࣬տࡣ˿ڵеʶ仰


62 Ȱο
԰˯, ǷҲûбϻسϣƹһҩȰŲҪ۾ͻȥԱ
ӪڴһֱûͣЪ, ̫, ι, ʿҪԷ, 극ǰŮм飬Ҳ۵Ŀһ
ĹƤëӣ泵ı̺Ӷ˳ûЩû̫ϣĴʵ̫ˣˮΪ, Ұ֮أûЩƾϵѸֵ˺ʱҲûʲôƵĽˡ
ݵĹ³üŽȥĿ뾩ʱص˻ʹ, ӦǴ´, Ҳ׽
ҩһһڵغ, űϵĹ棬ݲȱ, ֮һϢ
˰, СùǶ, Ȼһ̾裬ԭңڵȴղĻһֻһ̰߳ٶ˵ⶼЩʲô£
ҩݸС˵ôõģ
Ҳ̫ˣĸпԷθҲֻзʱŸô˵̫ˣ
ǵģһ˫˫۾ô˵ô¶ǹȻһҲСĿ
Ӻǻ·̣ǰԭĽų̼ģǼӴ׸첻֪ܲߵʳ֧Ųסˡ
ңʱǧʿѹסο滹ˣǴңԼΣ֮С
ϵؾ͸ýЩֻǿһųϣԼҲźӵˣֻһḻ́޻˵ù˳ο֮ǰ񲻳α
ԼҲ²
ûи𰸣ֻôӳݵذˣȻӱˡ
ŨŨĴܸУھ޼ɣʲô¶ʲô¶µ߻֮ǰ¶⡣
裬̾ڼѣ˭ɵƣԭЦľȻԼԴ󣬴ɼؼʱ̣ƨöûС
ǵº𣿡Ȼʡ
Ȼʲô
ѡĲӺǰүĵطһûôˣѾ˷أеĹԱӭΪϱסۼƼ澣νң£𣿡
һ˵һ߶֣ʱû¯еĶʡŵ㡣ֻ̫ˣһţֻ¶һ˫۾ͷ棬ϸлһϷʡ
ˣȥ̧һãôܺڣС裬ǿ簡
һһҲۣƵģͷЦѵү㣬ԱȻЦӭΪʲôʲôһ仰ˣҲͲһɵС
Ц˭ǵʱһһӣڸܡ
ʱչգ˵һԡ
ʱȻһڵ̧ͷգֻҰǳκεĵطҪȻ˵裬鲻ãһ仰ͻȻͦе
ʲô
ǿӻ˵ģ콫˹Ҳȿ־Ȼܣ԰ɣ
ų˳ǣ˵ģм伸仰أ
ֱ׳ǵȻûסⲻҪ޾֮·ΪЩл·ǰɣ
Ȼصصͷ뿴ҼҽǶԸ㣬ŵµƷУΡȻû˵Ϊ֪κλöԾ۵ѡ񣬶ñΪѾĺ̫ˡͶҽ뾩֮ʾʹԶ˰ɡ
Цţȴᶨûѡˡ
Ŵһôһ䣬üֱðݣ֪ΪΣһƮƮȻĸоеƷ·𶼱ɨһգ漫ˡ
̧ŷüȻˣ취ѹظȥ
ʱĿڴһţ
ԡٺһЦкð취𣿡
ֵĶһ٣һѾؿ档
İ취취ǰɣС
ḻı飬ԼһĿڨЦסȡů˫֣ڵش˴꣬ЦС裬ֲɵҪû⣬ôôذο磬͸ֹȥˣǰɣ
СҲСݣ˫ܽ߶ţôô䣬ůů֡
Ҳ䡣ЦãҲûջʵ̫ůˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôʣò񣬿ȴһƬȡ㿾Ħȵֱôţֻˡ
˵ͷ棬Źӣ¼Ȼô˵ҲܹΡ
˵üʾ⿿һЩ
Ϊ˫ֱʹյüٿһЩ£Եؿϸ΢ëΪþϸƤϸһ˿覴ã۾ĺǳŵСϵ
֪ΪΣȻЩҿˡ
˵Ҳûжô㶵ضԼƵôˣ
һع֣Щڣſ֣ѱĸɲ沦˲ô˵ɣû
ǵȻûʲô⣬費˻˼Ƭ̣˵ԥĵطڼҾǵĴ޷֧ŵӺǣǾԿ˷˵ѣԣҵĽǲǡ
ϣü𣬿Щ඼úȣڵҪ޶ôӣһ룬֮һǶҲһС
ϲڷ˵
һʱ˼Ǿǰѿһָǣԭشɽϣȵɱ¬ɽ֣ٹӼãһȷͲ۳ӣӰǰٶȡ
ʹţסڹٵɽͷԭΪ˷٣ѲԶȥӹֱǰžʮ·ߵˡ
滺ͷƺͬ⣬üͷȴδ⣬ʳѾˣʱ٣ôǧ棬ˣ޼¡
£ˣ˵ѡѵ
һŷ·ʶʲôʣ˵ȥˣ
Цŵͷ˵ЩȺһǿ׳ɲ̼ģҲ£˿϶˽ʳһ仰˳˵뷨ɲΪǺ˳ˣгԵģûҪߵһ
°ͣˣǿֱӱ˵ˡ
û
ѽ裬治Ƥӣֹӡ佱
⻰Ͳˣ֣£Ժ벻ҪţҺܲϲ
Ǹ粻ˡĿڵĸɴ࣬ķԸûʲô˵ʲôʲôֻţǾ͸ɴһҳһˡ
˵ҲиӣðգҪźͽϡ
ǻʲô˵ͷͻӣ
ССܹ¡
λнҹү̡
ǡ
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ΪżҲΪò˻ȥϣżΪԼĳץӷΣأȻϣϣ硭
ʱ룬Բ̾һ֪Ѿ˾ϡ
ϲȼøͣԲʱмҲѾˣǮͬ˵Ż̶ҲʳλƹѾǵĿȫȻ࣬ʤޡ
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ǮӦ
г˵ǲЩ棬ȷܹ᲻ٸɽ٣ɽӦûŰɣ
ʱԲ࣬ҲʮϳЩҾ죬Դ˱Ϊһ˵ţһߵԣ񣬽űǼλ
ˣſ弸λмС㣬׾װվ.ǹĿϣвɵһޡ
ǵҪǶɽϣôȻҪЩһ򾡡ŵ
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ʱʣ涨Ȼɣ
ԲͷУ½£ǰӺ֮ǰɽ˷ˣɻʳ֮࣬˵ҵ¬ɽͽߵ֤ݡ
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ǵЩ֮ɱЩù𣿡ʡ
Բһˣ¶ǵá
ҪΪЩΪʬ޴Թҳǵ֡
ôһ˵Բʱ۾£ǻֻŵģϾֵĲˡ
ʱг˵ЩҲѾˡ
һմȾ޹˵ѪͲֻһΣֻΡľɱǵһǲöͨն֣ΪɱС񫣬û˵ߣͻὫĵ׵ĶϷŴվԨ
Բ޻˵ΪȷˣЩ˵һѾɽͷΪ飬ѹֻͨҪ̶Ƕ˷ܵسǰ棬ΪĹ֡
Ĭг˵ԣ㼴ɰţʬϻʱƹĹϣźΪԩ
гͷޱ꣬Ǵһȥһʱڽʬ
ǡǲٵ飬̳ϻԼŻ뿪ˡ
ž죬˳Ĭ֮ˡ
迴ԲӺѾԶˣȻ˯ţԸ׼һߴҪԴڳ½¬ɽ֮Էһģ
һԲȣмҽöԾ
ϡü裬ʱ˵Ͳ뿪ȥţ
ҪȥţһҪ뿪Ķ飬ȥ˵⻰ʱһϾȾɭɭ⣬źһ򾡡
˱辪֮
˵ſԲյ¾ͻɽʱ򣬶ͣɽԼ׾Ȼ˼֮ߣǿǺһڵ࣬ǼĿȵӺǣɱ¬ɽԻˡ룬ţľЩܹܵİɡ
ԲŻصͷֻҪʳֻмʴȡ
ɽȥԼļҾʱЩ˱ȻҲû棬ŽɽԴ֪Ķ飬ɽϡˣһٸδѩǮһʱȭͷģ⡣
г˵ʱɽɱȥѸˡ
Բ˳ŷ˼һ·ţͻȻɽͷ࣬ɽ·࣬˶ɽ˭ϤֻҪٶ֣Ҳһ򾡡
ʱЦˣŰһ򾡣ô۸˵Щѵͻɽ𣿡
ôһʣԲȻ뵽һؼȻгϡƣһ֧ǰӺĹٵϷ˭һ£ۡ
ϡƣ
ѣûϾ·ʲôȻǸ֪¬ɽҪɱԴͶϡ
Բ뵽ʱһƬȡ


63 ҹ
Ϊ˱ڹ, ֱӴɢУ࣬˴ĳ٣˹ޡѾ۵ֱϯذ˯, Ȼëֵ̺Ĳ, ˰Űͻů, ˯þҲ̤ʵ
ͨ˵, ɽܱϾĵ£ү£ôҲǿʿ̫࣬˳
Ȼҹ˭ܰ˯, ɽ̼źӵ˾۾ͷǿա
ǺȥȥֲðȻ뿪˳٣˹ˣĿƵƵĴ
үүᶪǵİɣߵĻ, ̲סǷݽʡ
ɽҲһݽɫ, Ͼܽ޶ס˲, ǻʣǲɩǣӸ磬׼ô죿
Ҿ, ôҲܶ, û, Ǿû·ˡ뵽㱻͵߳ԵСŮûԥݺڵĿᶨ
һ뷨ĲǱ˴ţڳһ
ջ̲סȣܽǣ˭뿪壬ûǻصԭӡ
Ǳģ˵ү취ġ
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ŵӿҲû˷.ݸȰȺˡ
Ӻ࣬㣬ҪᣬҲеҪ޶
ԣүǵġ
ͻȻһϺ˼Ц˰ɣôϡֻܳԸζ˵ҲûˣǻܸȺУۣʲôӺǶ߲ඡ
һ˵˶ʶĬĬͷҶ໰
Ȼ˾Ǹˣƽʱɷ˭˭£￴ʵʵһӻ˼
۵ͷӱһ䴩Ѿһغӣʵ̫ˣ󵱼ˣҽɽկûˣҡ
ҪѣҲҲˣαҪһûõһ
Ҳǡ
һ仰ӵľԲߵýҲʹţûлظ֪˵ġ
Ӹ磬˯ɣ˵ϵĻȰ
ûֻ̧ͷա
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Ƕ˯ΧҪǰʣ͵ȴǣҪټмͣ
֣ǲǻŶĦСʵ
ǰģƺͦ谵壬񲻵ò۾ʹš
Ǽʿûкǳ⣬ûдǴŵǰ̽
Ȼһƥ˶ţƺӦ˿ɵǰ˼קﱻʯͷպðһ£˵ߣʱĶһתĿԴֱ񡭡
ŵöʱһ谡
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˵Ǳ˶һݷġ
Ӫغܿ찲վڷڵģ˯ˡ
ʱȻһ˳ȻԶĺڰл壬ǴӪشġ
ûѣվڷڵʿȴ¶ɻһʶͷ
ְʱ⽻ӣиʿڰͲס棬һ
ѹˣλнʬ壬øں̶ӹˣû뵽Щһ۾ϳʶģЩֵܣⲻ޵˺ѷΣҲˣһΪء
˵һꡣ
Ӧ𣿡
Ҳֵ֪طɱĻ˭˵װ˯ŬŬ죬ƽӣȻҪҳԩģǡԥһ£ҪĲǽҪֹҲõȵǲС
Ƕˡ𣿡
Ļû̶Ӳ׷ˣ֮ǰɵɱ˷ŻѵҲˣΪ飿
ôһ˵ҲǣˣǴҲɱ˲գ۵ġ
ڵĹٱֱֵۣܵȥ˯ˣǺúÿš
İɣʱ˭ҷɾ裬нҪǵƤ
ĺ˯У޶¸ڵʿȥ˯Ŀ˿ΧȻվԼλãŲԶһ˰
˯ķͽ۾
ڶ峿ɫ΢Ӫ½½˶
ˣϼϣٱ˽ڵϵһ
ǴŹǷϵı̺˹װ
ӪѾˮΪ룬ʳҲ½˵ɴߡ
Ӹ磬ҿˣԱأ
һžϲպ࣬ճԱҲ̫ˣ
û˵ЩȺˣһԲ̾׷˹ȥ
ţ
ӡԲЩ⣬ֲʼҾ飿
ԶԶԣүô˵ܣܽǴ𣿡ʵĺСģƺܺǸ𰸡
ǵĶԻΧ񽥽£رǸͬĵǣһ˫˫е۾Բ
ԲӵļżȼϣлҪ˵
š
ģа취ġԲ˵ƹӣӪȥ
*
ȿȡ
濴ſȵòӵˣüͷüֱܼӬҹǴˣԼã÷迪취ȴûע⵽һ˿⡣
˯˴˷磬龫£ͺ壬һβˡ
̱ˣֻǷ̥һʱû취£ֻϸĵš
վڱϣ¶һ粻СӶҿҲ˵Ѿˡ
ȥæɡùңͺˡȿȡһ߿ԣһ԰׵Ȱ
֪ǿڷϵݣǾͰзˣʲô˸֪ҡ
⻰ǵ棬ȴɵʧЦҶӣչӦҪҪˡ
С⻰æ˵£Ѿϣ͵ˡ
ֿ˷裬ЦţȥɣҵˣͿģףһ˳
ģôṼ㣬һ·ɵӺǰɡ˵ţߵߣ̧ͷһаˣú档
ͷӦˣá
СӷԸҩӸз˿ҪʲôҩģʲôƷý⣬ֱá
ǡ
˵꣬һο裬߳գգ۾Ϣ
һ䣬ӳȥˡ
ݿıӰпµǲˡ
ٵﴽ˵ǵȻеѽ


64 Ը
, ϼӡȾ
ӪʣƼӭźһ·ߴ˿еʿڳٵĴѾȫ, һؿ
˵ҹһû˯, Ǻģ, ԺﶼǱɾ롣ЦЦ, , 𣿡
룡е۾һ, 
̧һ, ϧȲ, Ҳֻܽȣ¬֪ݸǿ, ǽǡ룬ͬ𣿡
⻰жʱӺĹپ¬֪, ʲôû˭Щ
һʣ˻ش, ȴҡͷе˾
ʶ¬֪ݣھ˵Ӻó, , ﲻ, Ӧҵ, Ծѡ, û뵽û¬֪, ȼµİ, µİգ
һڣݵֻʣƤͷ¶ŽֺԿõĶЩǺõģٻţЩɽϣѾ˵ˣǺ
Ϊʲô䵽زʣˣʳأһ죬ѵʳ𣿡
ĶȻȺ˴һүͿڷòֳʳȺپߣ
˵ǽ˰һһأĸ첻ǰŶģ
걾ǼģϴѩĶл·ҵĸ׾ġ˺ۿʱ
һڷſ˵ţʵ̫ίˣΧһԵˣ˵ûͬ飬ֻžɻ󣬲ڽǻ߸
ԭסĵطɴѩһѹˡ
ųǽȴûԼӣүۣôͲɴǳǽҲһѹ˰
Щ飬Ѿﶼ֪ˣȻźٽһ飬Ĺķŭ
ȥǣǲǣʡ
ȥȥǸүǶ¹ûãʳһŶţ
үӺģǲϸǣ
ûţüǣ°
˵ֱӣүǼģСãֵֻ֣ܣֱûˣ
СؿŸڴţļ䴩ؿڣʬ˵ڣ
û£иŵط졣
үҪΪˣ
ˣ
ı뼤ķŭΪַ¬ɽԸ̵棬ǿŵ¹һƬˣֻ֪һ·ɱ¬ɽйߣ
ãһʱӺǵȵů¾ҲǣЩθ֮ԣ
Źڵϵˣ˵Ϊһĸó͢Σ°մůԱʧְ٣ֲȣųŲؿŰն񣡸οɱգкˣΪ٣ҲΪˣΪӺķƱҪ֮Էӣ
СԶķı
Ը飬һ飬˵ǲģ
ģ󺰡
Сûƭˣ
ƭүҰҧ
ʲôĶԷ
ǣ
һһһһУ¶Ͽң޲ýʳ
ãһӣǣҲŵùǾԸϰǵӡպ󵽴Ӻǣñ֤¬ɽͷأǿԸ⣿
˵ĿⲻǷԸ飬ＸûʶֵģȴĿƣȴҪճһ
Բ
ѧڡ
ߴдʲô
ǣ
Բǰһʶ
ԸԼݵģһоٵľ¬ɽ߹Уν飬һҹδ˯һһֵá
ÿдһ֣ǰֵıЦݣ溬ߴ޵СµĻ棬Ȼһһ飬ɷϵһ߱ʬ壬Ͳ֪ĶĹ
ޣԼûãӱ𣬲һãУеҪץסλᣬЩͷء
ϸؽÿһУĶ񣬡̼ʱЩȴߴůɽ䣬Ǽϧʳ˷ѣſڵҰҲʩһڳʳǵ磬ƾʲôǣΪǾҪһ֮ΨһĻᣬ޶ĸҪȥ
ȥǸŸ
֪˭һɱ˹٣򿪳ţ
е񶼸ź
ɱ˹٣򿪳ţ
ɱ˹٣򿪳ţ
ɱ˹٣򿪳ţ
ԹǻԵĿ־壬Լһȥıĵ׵ͳͳޱߵķŭ˳
Ⱥ鼤쳹
ķ̲ס˳һ߾ٵȭͷ˻ʶսϵĽ֪Ѿɹһˡ
ʵʱ򣬺ȻһͻأֻһС˺үǵźأ
һ仰ͽͷ˲佽䣬һ˫˫۾ʱֿ档
ǰ̰ҪɱҪĻǻŵˡ
үǸܴܲǣ
ʲôԣ
̧֣ѹȥǸ֪ӺѾԶˣʮ·죬ǣ죬ˡ
үѣͨһȻֹһƬ
ǰһǣµ⣡λ侲һ㣬˵
۰Ͱ͵棬ֻɫһĿϵѾǱ£űǰȥ̰٣źʲôĸһɶûУȥ
һΧʱ
֮ǰжƽ׽ˣ˵ЩϾǻӣ߸ϵĹˣЩ
ǣǸô죿
ô죿ȻԭصţǽҲˣӪץʱӱЩֱǸǵģǸǵźӣǼ粻ֲܿᣬнı£·ϼʮ·ǳԵѵҲǱ
ôһ˵Ƕʱסˡ
ԵĻһļ˵Ӹ磬̫ˣүܵûɩǸŷۣɽϣɱ˹٣˳ţǲҲͦõģ
ӿ棬һ˫۾ˣؿһͷվͬҵүˡ
ԭһ񣬶ʱһڴ˴ɽϽ
뵽࣬޲Ҳһ𳢳
˵˸£µá
ƺˣȻȻˣ͸ϽӡˣȥŶӣһĻʳǾ
ͷأŵµˣһ˭𼷡⼸԰д֡
ͳˣǲʶô죿
ʶ֣Լ֪ɣ˸дʲôϽŶӣˣԵĶǣͷһ˶̾ۼ
Ⱥʼӿڳٵ£һһصָص㣬ִʵǡ
ӱ֣Ȼ̧ݵ֣մ˺࣬°ӡ
ϡؿԼ֣²ʶҲøˣߵ̵ͬ˵Ӹ磬ԭҵģÿ
ҲǵһοȻ£һҲҲ̲סˡ
Ȼļһ±ߣһͷţ߶ЦЦӣǹ
*
˰ӡûߣڸֶһǣ΢΢˵ͷӪȥ
ͷһżеţźöӣҪÿһ˭ö࣡ˮԼưȡ
һˮһӣ࣬Ƕ˵ѾܲˣüЦøˡ
еܲסֱӳЩһ룬ְһصЩֻǺϼưˮűӲóԡ
񣬱˴˵Цѵɡ
ʱŴֱĺͷȶ׵һ߳ԱԵĺҲۣȻ󽥽أһ׹
磬𣿡
ЦؿһۣôҪ
ܸǱߵŮ𣿶ϴǱеһһģҲӲ߰ı̾¬ɽ汻ˣɽͷҲס
ʱһ˶˹ӣ㵹ˣҲŲŹ㡣
⻰զ˵
ҩ˯ôʬҲ֪
֪Ȼأʬôˣطûʬ壿
˺˰߱˺ˣ˵Щʬ֮ǰɽķ򡣡
⻰һ˵ӶʱһΪˣȻԲᵽͬζ硭
ֵ֪ͨǣĴ͸ɽͱˡ
ǡǲˣӻĵʡ
ǣЦӣҪˣ㻹ǣ
˵׷𣿡ӵ
˵Щٵ۱۶࣬˵׷ʲô˵
һ䣬ɫʱıˡ
ӣǿǵѪģϵһһЩһ¬ɽ͵ǵڽĴඡ
ʲôöӺݺݵ
¬ɽǶҲǺˣ¬ɽŶ
磬ʲô˼
Ҫ¬ɽǲ֪𣿡˽һֵǣɽźӣҲȥңҲͲɽˡ
ʱ򣬱ͷǿʼɤӺϣ
ඡ˵꣬ƨͨһԼĶȥˡ
ˣҲһصԼĶС

һ֮£һ죬˵Ķһγ
Լİţʮ·Ҳ㹻Ǵ顣
Ȼ˲ȸں󣬺˾أͨŰбϣѾصעˡ
棬гͷ֪ˣӣ谭ǴϢ
ǡ


65 ˷
ٽʱ, ʮ·ɽ£ɽһ
, ͣӪĶ֮ͣ, Զɽ, ¶ı顣
, ڷߵ۾, һߵ, Դ˱, ʣˣ
, ͷ䣬Ϣ, ȥڳС洩硣
Ըȥз˹
ȵȡ
ͷôˣ
һ±, 룬ˣûΪ¬ɽ, Ҳѡװɽ֮󲻿
룬صͷСµĲû, 綼ӡ, ҲȺ鼤, ⲿٵġ
ٵġҡͷ, ֻǵСҲ, ǴŶɽ, Ů콫ʳõأϾȵɱ¬ɽ, Щ棬ɿԻǣ𣿡
üҵļƻֻҪɽһɵ˴áɫȻˣҲֲˡûбðɵĵ
Ǵžֻһˡ̾Ϣ
׵˷ߣ裬㲻ģ
迴˵£νʩڷɽ֮ǰһ䣬׷߰Ըϵ۹ͣ޹ɽߣɽ۴
áӦĺܸɴ࣬ɢųкķ裬̲סһѣЦ裬ĳ
⻰ʵһѡ
ƵſֱϣֻǾҶһЩ޹˻ᣬҲֵá
ŶʱĿֱᣬֻһ˫۾ΪЩʪɣ΢ţ˵ŨŨıֻĵһͿʣǲجˣ
صͷϱӣҶûôҵĻ棬ǵͬʱҲ¡˶٣һǿܺ¡
𿴷ҹƺͬʱŷӣ·һо֮УȻʵҲǺһĨͨˡһһ֣˾ԮĺƽΪ˻òɱ٣˳أ
Щ˭
еսεԲס
*
һ졣
Ƹ׾ĳУϡ
⺰ҲͲסӿȥѾһˣǾþòأ¼˵ġ
ӲŲЬ¶Žֺȴܵ÷ɿ죬޲㱼ɽԵͬס
Ӹ磬ȵѽ
һߣ˴Ӱ¶ӣһȻһͬȥϡ
Ѿһļ˼ˣǣңԸɴӪأЩͬ鲻ɵ¶Ľ
Щ˵Щɣֻһȶһ뿪ɽ϶ЩУǵʳͲûгԵģɱ¬ɽǸŮƺҲü
·ԸλļҾߣ쵽ʳﲻ࣬Ϊ˷ֹð죬죬ȡһһݣûжࡣ
⻰ӿ˼ϵ㡣
ʣǼ߲ô죿
ɽƺˡ
ģʿһͬʳɽָ·Ի͵С¼ȻӦһһݣͲὫκ˸£ҲǺ÷ĵǰӺǣ
˵һָ汧۶ޱЦſֻ˻ӡ
ʶмŮɵı£еʱĬһ£ղǽ
񣬽׹ڣȴһЦ
Ĭֶ֮˼ˣǣڿҼһȼˣ
ǰǰȥǾ϶
żû˵ꡣһ𣬽ӵѹƴʴȣλ·֮ƣǵ޶ȼáǱ̰ѹȣ޼ҿɹ飬Ըǳ̰٣ֹλмģλĪҪСоɽϣḾ
һ䣬Ŀһһɨϵ񣬡ʮϣʮµӣ׷³֮Ըϵ۹ͣ޹ɽߣɽ˴ãԣûмҾ죬ĪҪΪһʱС
˵꣬˻֣ȥɣ
Щֻ͵ˣʵ򲢷Ǵ֮ˣһžʵˡ
ԭɽĽŲͣһԱߵš
ЩںվɻȺѾɽ
гޱ𡣡
һ̧ͬʾ⣬Żͷ㣬׼ûУ
ˡδѩŻͷ̧ĴֱŹһϷذףһϵۣ˳ͲãҪһ£פӪأȥͱô
ޱҲػش𣺡Ҫ
ΪɶҪǹ.ұں濴Ӫأû˼
㣬ļȲѽһһˣ𣿡
δѩҭһ£Ȼ꣬Цãҹʬ࣬㣬һϢһ£
ã۴̼켸ҹû۶ûϵܼ·мʬɶ㣬˵ʹˣͷȥɡ
ʹ󣿡δѩ۾Բˣͱһء
ҶȥҲҪˡ˵
ϡϵıһܱδѩ˳ǡ
ѽ˶ԶˣҲˡޱʿ˻֣ϣߡ
δѩļο㣬ͷȥɣٲÿҲУʲôģǺϢ˵꣬ҲŵĨ͵ˡ
δѩĿĵϡƵϣ޷΢΢һЦʲôʱʤңǾͻϣһǣߡ
ޣŹżͲǹһͬװɼȥ̽·׼ȥɱ
δѩįѩȻֻŵгߣ̾һ
гЦЦؿһۣô÷ڻȤ
ںͷʳһأæˡ
ԶޱһװֱɽȥԱߵ˵Цš
гˣ˵ȻˣҲ׼һ£˶ʱʿȥ
δѩһ㶣겻ǻ˸ȥ𣿡
˽ƻѾͷ㲻ȥӦһ¡
δѩɫһá˵ֵǵֻˣ᲻̫ЩޱɢһȥͱҲ߽ˣˣԸ˾ˣӪؾûʣˡ鷳𣿡
г絭ļҾǲκβ
ǲһ򾡣ֻҪһصľ档δѩǲ˵ʲôȥơ
ʱ֮ɽ½½֮УΪȺ壬ҪǱ긻׳˼ࡣ
ȷеҪٺܶ࣬Ǳ˱ɽģӵУСкҲ÷·Ƥͷ֫͹ͷ­޴󣬿űΪЭ־ĵŤС
˸ûУɽϲܶģӦöѾˡ
ʯĳˣ⸱ܲˡ
ȥǻûãֻǳ³һܱң裬㿴ˣֵˡ
Ƿ費ټ֣һʣ˱ˮ𣿡
úͷˣûס˷˵棬ܵǺȿȵġ˶٣͵ϡ
ʱҲֻЩ
أŷ裬֣ص裬ҷģӺ鷢
۾ص˵ͷŵ£ֻǵʳǲǸˣ
ԡһԸ˶͵㣬þȼһǡ
԰̾ÿ¡
治˼ػ˻ԴǰûһҲΪԷ
˵Ǳ˴˻ţһͬЦ
*
ӱŶӺŮŴɽǵһģͺıӣ¶οЦݡ
򴽣ȻתнҴȥѡ
֮ǰΪģźһʿɽޱͱ֮ǰĺ⣬ӵĴ´һͷɽޱϼˡ
ʶ֣ϴŹʶѾɽ͸ˣεĸȻҲ֪εѵ㡣
ҾǼ룬ӪЩӣ̫࣬ٱޣһӵĹ
δѩſݲݣһɽϣ˽ɽʿʵΪȻʵЩǸʲôЩһ֮󣬶ʱһ亹
˷ˡ
ʶЩЩֺеʼ󿴿ֿȻ͵͵뿪Ӫأɽȥ⵱ôõˣΣյĸ֪ǳܼǴɽҲҪ¼Ӫض̬Ȼȥˡ
δѩгǶһۣߵ˵ͷ
һδѩĿݲµվһӣֵǣֵˣ
ΣҲôһˡ
ҲȥδѩƲԲʵҡʸ˵ĺսһ˵ûˡ
ԲнǰȥһӺλ˹ͽ֤ݣ˵֮ϲأ
⵹Ҳǣδѩٷԡ
ϳϤû˱ȵùЩˣ֮ǰ֮ǰ˽һ磬ٺˣ
һԲ˸ָ·
Ѿģ͸Ūţ
ʲôٸ˶ѡ
˵ˣΪͱֻͱģŹˡ
ˡ磬ǲеࣿ˼һҲͰˣ󵱼ңǶˡ
Ǵ˾ƣǣǵĵ̣мҵŮˣ֪ζûвͬ
гԤϣʶҪ˷˵ʱ򣬾ǻѵ·Σյĵطߣǰˣ¶̵Ц
һٺ١
̾ɽ϶̶꣬ӣ۽鱦ȻѸҲ塣
˵ʵδѩ֧Ԯޱûн棬Ҳһս
δѩһǹӵʬ壬սһͷõǰЦʵ֤㻹㣬
ޱһѪĭӣȻ̧ݺݵؽһĨƨڲӳ԰
⻰˵ģҲǵ𣿡δѩһ֣ϵϼͲļѾù⣬һѪۣɼսӡ
㣬ҪǼˡȣɼǣǱ˵ġ
ûкʬ壬ɼδѩִ֧Ԯ͹ϵشһߣĲȻֻʣͶͽɱ
ӵҲκţжǰǡøϽɽȥҴʿ˵öᣬ鲻𡣡
Ұɡޱˣٱһã¡
δѩ꽻ޱһѱƲƲ㣬Ǳˡ
δѩ˰֣ģʳҳһ빦͡
ޱһڣޣҪ
ˣǾͺãϽߡ
ޱͷԼɽȥķصģû˵̧һϢģڵϱ廨ˣǡ
һߣδѩֵǣɵѾܶˣʹظһ̣ľͰĶ˭˵ĺã˭ȥǶ򡭡ǡ
δѩ̵ЦУлŵ˶ʱëȻ
ʼɨɽߣ


66 
СС￴ǰ, ؿԱɽŮˡ
Ѿȣ￴ͬݹкõ, ߴٵ
Ѿ, ̲ס, Слл硣
˹һһڵغ, ֻһζ, ȴ忪ζ, ޲һԶȫ˶, , Ҳֻһ룬ʣµİֳôȰϺˡ
ú, 磬Ҳȡ
кôǫãվֻǸ, Ҳֵסջʣµİˣ˸ɾȻ࿴Ц
֪ʲôʱ, ɽŮѾջߣŵһĻ۵ףûг, ΢΢Ц, һ˿ο
ű, , ͲΪ˭, ĬĬؿԶɽ
˴ɽˡ
ӣŮһ, ı˶, Ȼͳ˹ȥ
ӱʿŵȣȴţˣſ˫һѽŮرڻǰĶŮЦ
*
æµĪдֱһѾҽĻ찵أֹסһѪһҪӹǣȻаļڵȴ
ձ˵Ÿն˿ڣ߻ûмʮԱ̧ɽ
п˵˭ûʱȡ
ҺãΪ˷ưͣ뾩ֱʻʵҪ̫ҽҩɴշĵַ˼Ųʳ֮࣬ҩĶ׽⡣
һڸΣµͽڸޱ
迴ƣþ˵һ˫۾ôƤⷭɼ׹ǵȣ۾ˣ㡭
಻ס˻˻سһſǻʱŵ۾ġ˭ˣŻô죿
Уһʵгƣָͷָмλ
棺ĬĬؽͷתһ࣬ĥĥ¶׹⡣
һͷƤ飬ʶָת˸ָԼȻڳ۾£ĬĬͷְ

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ɤӵǸ赣С㣬Сôһ仰ǶŴʵġ
ѾˣȻش𣺡С˿Ȼ˹ǣҺû˵ͷֹѪɡú࣬Ӧþָܻˡ
ǻк֢𣿡輱æʡ
ᣬǼˣо֮ˣ˭ûܹµġ⻰ޱ˵ģܵĶˣɾ˿ڣñûˡ
迴ȣһһۣ¶ģô̵İɡ
ôˣɵ裬֫ȫػžѾܺˣѵ㻹ָǸһЩгԴȡЦ
ҡͷޱ꣬ĿΣͷĽ㣬㣬Բûȫ̫뵱Ȼˡ
ôԸҲǸûʲôʵ飬̸ֽԲѵ˵Ҫ˷ˣȴû뵽ͽײУôܸЩһ޷֮ЩЩ֮ͽ
һʱ⣬мҽ˻زأһӶԭԼûȥ
ʽĵǸȴ֮˷׷׸е⡣
ݴҶͷŷİˮվʿڣûнȥ
ڣޱ˵裬û˹㡣
ʮĲ꣬һֱլУէȻΪܵܲѾܲףοڽ֮Ӧ֮ߣѾ˹Ŀ࿴ˣ
һүĽгǱ̵࣬²˧֮ѡǼȻû飬˵ǿеġ
ñ֮ҶģҪҸ󣿡гοЦţмҶŮȷҪݵ
곤̾һñûƲ߸û˵æɽѣ˵˵ȥԼСġ
ޱ˿Σɲǣѧղ˽ͷˣֵü
ҲͰˣС˪С֪ѾͷȵЦҡҲҵذ
˺ˣ˵ȶϽȥô˿ڡʱſڵݴѾ߶ˮŴ˵ˮѾˡ
⣬סг磺֮£ʵϱΪλ빦ҲнǸ
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ˣгҡͷʵ̫ˣкС
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ȻǼλڷԼСܺǰ׼ߡ
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Ȼ̲Уôǿ׳ͳ죬⻰ͱʾί
мСүľжأôˤţҲ̫ˣ
ϧѹ˵˭ģ裬米㣬ӣ㡣
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ʲôõģ㶼˸ô⣬һôˣҽ㻹أֻᡣ
⻰ƺûëɷôòԾһʱ벻ף˿СѾۼֿؽˡ
סƨɣվ˵ߣһɵģȻЦ磬Ȼɾ͵ȥˡ
§סĲӣЦе˵ǱˣͰҷ
С˰ɣż⣬ඡ˵С轫սĺ󾱣дȸԾЦ߻һɵ㶵ǵĴӺ͸ֶӡ
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ɽʶֵ̫٣ҪȻҲͶ·ž͸㹻ӡʹˣ˱ȻôǵĴٺôôߵأ
ǳһЩƪô˱
ԭ˵Ļƽ˴㽻ġϧ˭øӺͷ⣬δ̤ɹԲôһӸק˼䣬Ϊ˱𣬻ظ϶ҡڿӡ
׽˸ƵһһɽʿĿ̧ӵ̧ӣüЦӪߣǰͷǹδѩﶼжջʵ̫ḻˡ
Էطֿ࣬˻˵ıүõɽϴôã֪ԭ˲ôʳˡ
ɽΣгʡ
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ͷһɨͷսƷãЩŵӺûʲô⣬һѵĺöȫˣ¹Ŀ
ཫлͷƷԸװȵӺ۹͡
ǡƶ˵ȥţ˿Ѿмҽȫķڷ
ǷԲߵӸе棬򿪣һƤӡ
˱
ν֤֤֤У֤ҲˡԲָָЩץסˣָЩ˱ͷ¬ɽżң˵İѱҲ
ԣ̧֣Ҿš
ԲҲͬ񣺡СӲ˼ݣ²ȣʵڲΪֻҪܹ֮ԷһУĸԸ󡣡
ǾĿԴȵӺǣ¶á
仰Բ𴽽ǣ˶裺СӼԡ
ԲԼΪ濴ԶǶĻӣڷʲôûУȻҪţô˭أ
ֻվøߣлĳһһֻҲֻʸӵķǰһֽ
ϡ
죬ɽ̫ͣõĶҪˡ
Ůǣźӵ֣Լѷ֣ȻĿνţվзֿ
ƵƵͷ˵ŵÿһֶǵ
ȣԱһ𣬱سϣ޶ϵػֱ֣ˣĨһĿ׼ǰ
˿̣ӴǳѾϡУĿ⾼˸żᶨĹ⡣
ײİܵѹ˵ֻвлΪˣƶıҡ
ĵǸı˵Ļᡣ
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ԵָŻǰϱܵˡ
ϡ˫һǣɳ۶ȥβĿϬӥǾʧıӰһȣ͵.ǹ
ǹͬһֱĶߣһҧǴˣһǹᴩȻ󵽵ס
ã
ǹ
ɵطкϡͣͲںĿǰ΢΢°γ.ǹһƬѪ
ףΪʲôϡƻҴһΪɱʮˡ
ʬ嶼ߣɨսϡ
ǡ


67 
ҹ, ϡƴź˵ʬصӪ˿̣Ӫ, İ, ΢΢һЦ, ųӭӵͽ΢΢һЦ, ﳭ˲ʳ
δѩǣҰѼ, üһ, һһǽµĵȵ˹ᡣ
Ů, Ȼԡ, ȥ𣿡ϡƹʡ
ޱˣǵù, һӡ
ϡ˷δѩļһ, Ȼг, ȭ, 󽫾, ˿ܾն, ûŹһˡ
н䡣ֻ̧һ, , ЪϢ
ϡûм, á
ҹУͨ
һͼ̯ϣгָŵͼϵĳǳͼվ͵ӺǣռƻֻҪ¬ɽӭӣͽһ¡ֻӺǽҰ֮ں޶֮أƺƵδۡ
¬ɽԶɣǿΪհǻв²⡣ԲƲСӣ˼²òӭӵ£ҲȻҪ׼ǧؾѹǲ֡
ԲĹ˵ͷ
˵ǾͷֿĳС
ǿǱһЩٱһЩ˵ĵøһЩ貹˵
һЩЩʶڵ˼
˵гûн棬һγײ£ûô׵رշȻһеʹУҲ౻˰ˡԲЦ
ʣǻԺأ
ȻģһΣ֮ô׽ӷܡԲ˵꣬һ
˰֣⵱񼴽ײʱѾԲгǺݺݵش򣬺ݺݵ֮󣬲׼̸еķʽȰ·ˣɱ͸ѶԸ
رŻĺֺڣ˻ˡ
ȻˣǾͰʱǰȲ裬͵мݷֿߣһ·ǰӺڶɽ⵽һҴ֮񱻻ˡһŲбͳӣӺǡǷ׷
Ǳôֱ֪׳˵ʱɸȥӺţ¬ɽӭӲ˵ɱӿɶ񣬺úóһڶ˵°ĥţ˵¬ɽӦ𣿡
ᡣг
ᡣδѩ˵
£ԸֻúðȻἰĸѴ¡Բ
Կ裬üǾͳˡ
չһЦ
ԽɱȻԽϧ񱾾ͻ¬ɽɵ˴󶯸ɸ꣬Ϊ
г翴ͼĿڳǽ֮أٵԶиµıǣطδѩϤµһܷˣ
δѩǮ̣üӺ˵ʵߣز˶ٱ
̫ࡣ
ʲô˼ô󡣡
гϾ˭˵Ҫ񣿡
ǡδѩĿһɵֶϡơ
ϡǴ˹ͼԱӭݵĻǸĵطأҴһʱܵ
гͷ¬ɽӭͲԾµĳݾͲ̫ܿ￪⣬̫ԶˣӦ
ԣǾͽҰɡϡ˵ʱͬͳӦ㹻¬ɽ¶ţȴ
гǾˣ£裬ţô˵
滹ô˵Ȼ󽫵ģǱȭλ
Ȼһ⣺ˣ㣬һǣӺȻҪ߽ԮʲôʱԵ
г˵ǿĻգ֮󻹵õա
ա
¬ɽһżҺͺ˾װݣȻҪ˵Ӻͳ˭
δѩش𣺡żҼ¾ͱڴû°ӣͷ¾õˡ
ʱһ仰ӭӵʱӦҲڰɡ
϶ڣ˼
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Ĭá
ݸĹ֪ݣͳͰ뼶һһƱǣơ
ֻӺ⣬أżֻ죬¬ɽҪվȣҲòЭȢŮͳҲţһ֮ѣǲҡ
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Բĳ˵У׵ľ¬ɽżңȻһһֱֽкá
ͷС
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һͷʱһ
ԡϡҲºô׷ĻӣӺķı췴¬ɽͷҲ˺żҺͺˣǻ˽ʹ֣ϲ̨档ҪŵºΪһʱ˿ɶҪڵµͷϣԹصҪģ֮гʲô⣬¿֪
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һ뵽ʱȻгǱȭлλѣ
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δѩһۣΪ㡣
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Ҳ֪ΪԼƫмңεԲ𣬶л㡣
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ˣĲʵ۽֮ʲôãеӺɱ̰ʲôܵ𣬻ʵ۹Ŀ࿴õࡣ
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ģⶼ봺ˣôô䣿
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ʱ̶ӶˣҲҪСǮȺȾƣ굽ӰӶûУǵù
ù֪㣬ˣµʬڶûῪء
ôһ˵ʿǶʱĬ
иʣЩȥĶˣҲûطȥ
ȥĶ˿˿Χؽڣѹͷ˵ҪôҪôҪô϶ɽһѣȥ
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ʲô˼Ķˡ
˵૵Ҳ̫ˡ
ǳɳȷ磬ٻţǱ߲Ĳҡ
첻ڣֵ˵ƵģѪȾһأ˯õ޺ġ
ǵҲסʵ¬Ҳû취ܷܲЩ˽ʳɣǲˣ
ͷЩ
ʵ͵ʳӦÿ԰ɣѵǳҲȱ
ôܣҼҶүСӾֿأûҸ˵ùǲóֶѡ
Ϊɶѽ
٣˭֪أڹүһҲЩֵǮɡ
һһĬ繷أǲҲһ
ͻȻǽϴһ󺰣ǿˣ
ɲǼ䣬жŮǽµԴȥȻԶһƥ۵ųŶһ͵˳ǽ¡
˹ˣʱ˭
ţһӣ׵ϵʿæʺãͷ
ʾ̧̧°͡
ʿһųµһһߺˣ
ʥϷΪͷӺ̵ӺݸԱӭӣ󡪡
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ǵġ
ɶ
˵ͣͷ⣿
أ
İɣױ̫ȷ
۾ҵ˼ôģɽ˶
µǣһ޷Ӧȡϵŷ⣬һδϷΪͷӺ뼴̿ӭӣɱѹ˿ܣ󣡡
飬ˡ
ͷķզˡ
ң˭ȥӵһۣϽţ⣬˸֪¬˺ͷ뽫


68 ֪
˿̵¬ɽڿϷ
ŮӸϸ, ¶һѩĿϺŮӴ󵨷ŤˮƵĹ, رΪ׵һ, ϸ, ¶.ǣһɫƯ, Χ˵۾ֱˣŨ
ƽ¬ɽ, ¬ɽĿҲŮ˿, ЦЦȵһ, 欵Ůֱǰ, ¬ɽߣ˫һĲӣ˹ȥ
ˣе˶Ľؿ¬ɽ, ֮࣬źһȴֳˡ
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ˣһλֻǹ鳼⹫ӣԵɺӺϧѰ
ƽĻΧĿ´欵Ůˣ·Ϊ¶һϡĹ⡣
¬ɽ̧Ů˼С°ͣµʣģ
Ů˵˵ͷһ˫۾д˴󵨵İ⡣
ԼǸã
ƽĽˣϲߣɲС⡣˵СԷһһ⣬ῴһ۱Ůˡ
⻰˵Ĵ¬ɽЦȻˣʲôҲֱ˵ɣ֣α˷
лˡƽ̧ѧԭһҾǸ˵òⷬԵòײ࣬¬ɽúá
Ȼƽͷߵĺˣǳ˵ϻģһλźӴų۵𾴵¬ˣ£ֱǸ̶ֻ½½ˣǷɳɽһ·ðϺСĵرܿǧʱµӺڴŽԭˣȡĲϣҩƷͲҶȻ󷵻ؼ硣ǡ
¬ɽɫ䣬Ŷһơ
Ѿˣԭ̶һֱٳٲӺΪ벻ҲԸؽףһֱţʵżƽȥĻˡ
ǰǰ¬취һͬ
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ֻǣҲżżҵ̶ͬӺȥ˭˺أ
¬ˣܲǸ°
¬ɽ˰֣λٵȵȣµʧˣ̶Ӹô߻ôߣ̫䣬һ·ȥҲѣӺЪЪţЩ߲Ǹã
⡭
λģŽ£ҲԸϣΣ¬ɽЦúƣȻ˵Ļȴú˿Ĳ˼ǳʳȥȼЩ
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ӺССĹ¬ɽʱüԶĸԵƮȻƥͷĺݣڶ໤֮»
¬ɽԵķţʿ·̬Ц¬ˣǸ󣬾Ȼƽɽ
һһ˵ģϹҲʣûˣҲήңĶļơ
ʹû˵ѣȷһսǱӳġ
¬ɽŹٷݣƽȵ˵ô߻ǾһɱˣȥɲǸЦ
ֻǿϧӺҪλŲģˣǵ̫ƽҪˡ
¬ɽĵؿһۣüǸ߸߹ɮڴͣ𣿡
⻰˵ʵеٺһЦά˸߼
˵䣬ݺȻԶԶĵطͣ£һʿ뿪ݱ۶¬ɽǰ˵λǰӭݡ
˵꣬˻ش𣬾͵תͷֱӻȥˡ
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ط٣οһ̤ģຮĵط٣
¬ɽ³һ֮ʧЦһŵĻӣ͵ʵίˣο˱ײ÷Ƣλһ㣬ίһЩ汾ɡ
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⻰˵ĺеĵˣ߾ǵóľ顣
ԴҲȥ뿴Ա׵ĳϧδյߣקȥˣһȺʳļһʲôÿģСĴ㣬ֵͷʹ
豻Լ⽿ĥغƢֻ̾һðɡ
ˣﴽȥʹ棬ҿ
ᷢʲôС˵Ҳµġ
бһۣ֪˭֮ǰجΣ
裺ƽ޶
ԡ
Сأ
ЦãȥȷﲻʲôӦˣðɡ
һ·һʱ䣬¬ɽŹԱڵĳǰӺ֪¬ɽ¹Աݼ¡
һʱΣ
ĵӦһƽɡ
˵꣬ƽȵСӴ˳š
˵һò׵ȵ˶ûһă̲ŸԲ̫Ȼߵߣѯʣ£
֪ǰػɢ߸ϣһƲ˵ζ
˵¬ɽӦú밵и׸
ǡСɤӣ¬ɽ¬֪ݣǰػ
¬ɽü¶˲ˡ
ӭӲ˵˲й룬Ȼ˰̬Ϊ졣
˼ԥһ·ӾǵӺʱ£ҲͰˣû뵽Ҫͽ¬ˣӺ֪ݵĺð
Сһ仰ͽһѵԵɡ
Ȼɶ񣬿ҵ֪ҲǨŭѵΪ֪
һҪȴ¬ɽˣһЦʾⲻҪƽϣȵ˳ڣԻ֪ߵغСһѵ
¹ٵĲǡ¬ɽһȻһߵǰüײ˵£¹ٸˡ
Ավ絶¬ɽľֻһֻ鵶
ڣİǷ򶨣Ҳ̲סͨͨŵزС
֪ˣԼı³̸ֻֽûǿִߣһжֻǿ̸ʶץֱߵϡҪ˵һתͷͿ轫½Ť黨
棺¬ɽǷġ
ǴֵСЦˡ
ȻˣҲʲô棬¬ɽô˵֪
¬ɽ΢΢һ㶣ȻЦЦ̧һϢŭ
ϢŭһЦһŭȣˣ
δ䣬ʯֻ֮䣬Եǰһһס¬ɽ̧ϥϣҽһڵϣһѹסĲӣ˲佫Ʒ


69 
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ⳡʵ̫, ĿһȻϵĽֱָ, ŭ, ſ¬ˣ
䣬ʵ, ʮʿ׷һ߳鵶һ
Ȼڴ֮ǰѾһݡ
ЩǱ, ˽ŵ˲һɨή, ѩĵ׼Ӻͬʱҡʾڻº
Ϊһ, Щٶһ·, ڷȫԭ, ɤٸϹҲѾЩԱȫΧ
𿴹ԱҲϰ, Щƽ, һԵʳ, ȴСĹټѾɵˣ񻹲硣
⿿һ, ͼ٣ʮ, ֵסбױ, һͱ˱, סǰ, ϻѹűĵС
ƺеĸס
д󶨣һ·һӺȵ£־ܣ
¬ˣ˽ĸ֮һ˴󺰣ȴδͣһˣ˱ӦǴæȥˡ
ЦŶŲϱƽӺʿѩ׵ĵֱڷĺһʹ÷òŸͣ£ͣ£
ɲǼ䣬̧֣ǰһ
˿̣ԶȻһ¡¡ֻһӺ󷽵Ļº˳Ϊ׵Сף.ǹޣһӸߴ¡
ת۾͵ǰЩӺΧ
ϡƵеͶ·֮۴
ɱڣӺв˾š
¬ɽûֻ÷˼ϺƲ˵ų͢һ·Ͼʿԥɵؿ˷
ûУнǷͶѹŷĲŭȵô췴𣿡
ƵĻϡ̧֣.ǹһͬ׼Щʿ
˶֮£ڲ鲻ԸɫĲʡ
£˵ء
ֱʱ¬ɽʶʲôȻСӰһ
Էû˷ˣΪ˽Ľ䱸ץס
ץ
ۣ⻹ûӺǾŵӺˣ
뵽㣬ҧһֻƣòԼ侲ߺ£¹پ£˲¹ٺôҲƷ͢٣¾Ҫãܵи˵ɣ
̧ͷǲ˿ĵòͷԵСһţϥֱֱڵϣƺʯͷʹ
¶ʹ࣬ҪŲһŲϥǣȻǸնһ£ϵĵѹ׶ؾʵ㣬𶯣
û˱¬ɽԵصıһƬ
Ȼ˳Ŵ򿪵һŽһţ˲ǰһƬɫ½ǣԼĳѥ
Ҫ˵ÿٶôƤ𣿡һɻͷԼʲôԼ
ɵֲĻ¬ɽ޵˵Ϊײǵ²죬¹ɱѹ̧֣¹һĻᣬҪ˺
ˣҲ̻£ĩԸɽ񣬸
Ŀ˲ΧҲ¶˪ŭѡ
ǼƼݵĲΪ˲˷һʳɾ룬ҲΪ˸޶һڳԵģԼֻһζͲ˱ƮƮһ仰ͽЩĿŬάֵĨȥ
˭ǵȨ
ŲѵķʱŭȭͷͳⷭɱһҲԩ
һЩôʹˣǣ
ЦˣЦˣĿһһɨսսĹһ䣺Ǿ𣿡
֪жĶһˣ
վǰ֪ͬЦЦĿ⣬ɵؽᵽɤۡ
ŲʮͣȻצڼ磬ԣһ͸¬ɽͷݱ˰޷Сֱӡ
㻰أʲôһͷλʵûôĹԱʱͨأսսش𣺡£¹Ϊ¬˲֪´ݣ򶨲ŵŰȻʮӭǣԡ֪߲֣ˡ
˵꣬û̧ͷȴüҲˣɨζأ
½֮ǧ˾ţ⣬¬˺ͷ뽫ʧ죬⣬ǽ
£¬ҵҵ㡾ְأӺһ벻´˴ˡɡ
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һһôее۾ڵֱͷģ޲
֪¬ɽǸʲôУΪǸطΪΪĺ֪ݡ
ûһһЩ񣬶ǵ񣬶񣬱
һ㶼ñ⡣泤һ̧̧֣̾аɣ˵˱˵ˣүȥζҪըˡƣȻλĹǾһһȫȥ¬˰ɡ
ǣˣ£һߺʿ̽ȺԱΧס
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ЦػͷӴү̸ѽɱʱô̸
ȻΪ
һӾǱᵽıĻӣȻ˼Щ壬¬ɽеͬʱֻ÷
ȻЦǣˡЩǳӣȻ̰ԩȻ¬ɽЦѵԴ
¬ɽ̧ͷһƬȻдʵ¹ҲȲѣңײţΣڰգ¹޷ΪʮӺյİֻǣ£ȫǰܹ֤
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ѵҪΪЩҵĵݳʮ޹Σ£λãҲΪѡ
£һƬԣ¬˰
ü¬ɽ˸ض棬Դ˶Ϸ򲻷ӺĲ
һеĹԱһͬźһϵģ¬ɽǵˣܺù
󺰣ԩ
¹ԩ
ɱ޹Σϳԩ
ʱǲٹţվ
֪ˣ˵Ȼʵʵ
ãǲǾķڷԲһߺֻӳݺ߳һ³ۣӡ
֣¬ɽüƺеӡ
¬ˣþò
ƴˣ
ˣΥˡ
һЩ˶Ϊͬţһϳ㣬㾹Ȼ
иҾȻûЩ˶úúõģôԲϴЦЦȴ۵ףۣҵſһ
ǰӷϻζʬ壬Լһ߿޺һ߱קߵӰЩ٣Ϊ壬Ϊ˰ͽżңͽ¬ɽڣڵߵǷǣ
ôѩ޵ʱˡ
ߵߣ̧̧֣׵㣬õ״һȡ
ǡԲȻǰһλǶúúõģµľͰˣҲ˼£Ȼȥ
һˣ¬ɽһ˿ԲЦ¬ˣѾ˽ҲΪ㷢ˡ
һ仰𾪲ѣҪ֪ɽҪײУ֪ġ
ûˣ񡭡ˣԱΪʲôܴӶɽ
Բڽ˷˵ʱ򣬲Сҵ˵ҪĶ¬ˣ뽫ڳĸλɱκβǣǹͽ־޶һϰٴΣ
¬ɽͷʶػ࿴һۣӶԷ￴֡
֮ǿԽƱ磬òΪ֮𣬵û뵽˾Ȼˡ
һӱ̧廨ķͽѹǰ
λ֤֤ˣߵ˲ֺּǵ¬ˣνƱ磿ܲҲܱ㲻ѰɣԲߵŭ
Χź
ٹٲɵػˣ¬ɽ

¬ɽûɵŤͷҪڴܹ
Ȼſˡ
ˣˣ˷󺰵£һУҲֻƣ
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عſҰе·ûзѭѭ
Щֱǣ¹ٱȻհ£αشɱɱ
ˣķҲסˣ̲ס͵͵ӿӺ󣬶ʱ˵һߵĴӡ
ϻôãôãӦõˣɻǲӰ
żµ˶٣Ȼ󸽺¬ɽе
¬ɽһ˵֧ϾȨƣɲӺ¹پӪ꣬ŵƽ⡣£էˣ¹٣ΪͷƿӺ𣿡
濴ţɿһ䣬ȷ˵ʲôɣ
Ѿҡ¬ɽ˵Ӻ򣬸óˣ˻УҲӦʱӰ˳ĺƽ£𰡣ؾǸˣ
ô˼¬ˣ˵˵
¬ɽɵؼ仰֮ɣɵؿٵ·ʱĪʱ䣿
ˣԶĿʼҡΣתͷЦûɶˣǱ͸㡣
䣬¬ɽЦݶʱϣǧӺﻹʲôҴԲѵȡ
ͻȻ˺һʲô
ѭȥֻãҰϣӴƮ죬ųӿȺ
ǡ
񡪡
Ϊ׵һϣ߸ߵ̧֣ѹѹȺӿ
¬ɽؿţѾ˵ǷҲǽӲ֫ܶ
ɱڶ
лķϻñȵԮΪ˱үĸмʹЩ
У¬ɽбر۾ˡ


70 ȷ
ʵ, ɱ죬¬ɽͷڳǽϡ
Ǹ߸ϣԸ̬, Įؿǹ, ŵ񣬽¬ɽ³֣ż֡
ɲǼ, ʺѪ罦ϵשѩϣʺۣһ, к޲, Ҳ޴ΪǾԼȺһҲԶ³
Ȼ˿, ۾, ˱˴˺Ѫ, ʵЩûκβͬһʺ졭
Ұ, ſ¬ɽͷʬ, 䵹ڵ, ĿѪҺ, һƬ
ֱ¬ɽĹԱͨһԵеĹԱ, ŵ, 𶦷
ǧӺ, , ڰٹٵǰεĻסˡ
Сþƽɤ˵У絶֤ɽ๼
ͷӺӺ֮ݲκΥҼͣڲݽ֮ˣ˭ҲãҲգֻҪӺˣֻҪطܱӻ¬ɽһΪӺ֪ݣһΪ֮ףֲʧְɱ񣬸ǲͽֱ׼ˣǹҷȣʣɱ
˵ſǧӺԼʣѾɵĹԱñ˵ƺȵ˭վ㷴Ļᣬ˵
ֶ˿֮ʵվ
ӦֻԷ
ЦһһӣȻûУ˻ģͼңͱֱͬ۴ЩĿһһɨսս֪۶ǾҿѺ֮ﲢ
һ¬ɽͷʬµڴ˶ʱһΪҲҪȥˡ
Ȼ֪˭һ䡪
䡪
䡪
ɽҰ˱˷𣬲ӯԷعڵءӺˣ𺳡Ȼ˵һһ֮£ǧʿͬأʾ
ķ裬˹ĳֻȶ
۾ԶĳǽվŮǽʿҲͬϥءɳԶŻԴ򿪣ӭˡǴ˿վ֮Уĸߴӡ
˵翵Ķɷõһ˶֮ܿܿϣҲǺ˿̵ĿĸԸĽ£Լ˺ϣи֮֡
̫ҫˣĿƣһ˲˲ţӿֳ޵Ժͬʱһĳ嶯ţ֮
濴ݵǵԸ飬ģسŵһˣǵͬǻڳ£ʬ壬谲ᡣ汾һͬǡ
л£
ȻǱϾһ£濴ȺͬȵĹ٣һ䣺˭֪԰ںδ
ʱ򻹲úñ֣Ǿɵˡ
̱йԱС£¹˹ܱأƹܹӪ֮¡ڴ֮ǰ¬ˣ¬ɽ޸ǺѾɴ룬ʱá

ǣӺĺԽԽ࣬ԭסĵط̫Сһأ޸ǷС
ԿԲߵͷҲ˵Ǻ˲סСǨΧԭסգ¸ᣬԴ˹ģסӦ㹻ġ
ȻˣǾ˰š˵꣬ƳЩһۣסˣǹأҪʣ
ⲻͷ˲佫˳ƨ˵ϣ¹٣¹ٻθ꣬μ¡
飬ô˵Ļ
θ꽫ͷڵϣǣǡ
Цһûôأų鰡
θͷ̧ˣˡ
֣˰գûȻ
𣿡
⡭СûС
£ʱˣʣûУ
θֱҪˣУС
ǻʲôҪү㿪𣿡
ͷСĸСĸ
˵ôϾƷ٣汻ֱ̧̧֣˵ˣʲô£š
ԲһʱУ¡
ȵţܱһúãʳŸүãЩҿˣ£ôþôã
¡¹Բ̧˫£ǹӺǻˡ
ߣ
һۣתСӵĲ£ȲСӸһ߳ǡ
ͣõĳһǰس׹ڶԻǧӺ໤ƺƵͨߴĳš
һᣬȷ˵˴Ҵҵһ䣺裬տ𣿡
Ŀ⣬λεдһ֣䣬䣬Ͻ䣬ôô䣬ǧүܵס
ǰ۷˵ôһ̴ԭΣǸεǷҪһ仨Ҳ˲ήˡ
ĬĬԼλãϵĺ̺һȻʵҿʲô
澪ȣû
ǵ˵ģ¾ͱʵţԡѧСĻ޹˵
棺ɲǼ䣬ֻʧĳˮӿʱû
˿̵ֱ˹ȵף̲סԹ𿴣㻹治ˣڣʲôʱôˣ
Դǵһ硣
ޣ૵ǹүⱲӢһˣȻûװɶ壿
ʲôϵƵͬʱŬάֲҪԼҪЦʣ¬ɽͷǲͷأǳѪ𣿡
ôһʣ̾סˣ뵽˷֮Է֮󣬻ƺ˭ҲںѪȲѪȣֻýʹ죬ѪĿվǿµġ
뵽ʧʱʧˣֻңЦݣοԣ㻹ǲĺãجΡ
˵ųһ͵˷ߣͷڸӢˣͺˡ
һ仰Ŀھͺ񱻺ݺݵײһ£Լ벻⻰жѡ
²صųޣһˮ֮󲻽ûΪ룬ʱ˵ʲôζ
˵ҿˡ
ţ
ͷȻûǵµӢˣµ˳Ļ棬ҿ˵̧һ˫۾Ʋǳȴ£Ƿоݣ֮ѪڣҲ³ȥźΪ㻶
ĿʱˣֻĺƬƬŭʻټһʰ쵵ĺţһ÷¹
ô˵ղˣඣ汾ʸϧ̫õĴǸѹѹסôһ֪û
΢΢һЦʲôϵѽﲻʲôģұǸӳ㣬ţó
⼸ûȥԼûȾƣЩκˡָое֣е˵Ϊʲôֻһ˽컨׹Ҳûзһˡ
Ȼס˫磬衭
ţ
ԥһ£Ѹ·̹һ𣿸ĺȷ㾿ǲǹ
С복һͬ棬ΪԼʶȤմմϲĵӦкܶ໰ҪͬСү˵ȻƨɲŸȣͷʹһҵĿԽԽ಻·Ҫһ
СŵøϽ˳Žȥͼͷڶˣһͷķȵ˺ѷΣ۽һƬ죬ò˼Ŀ⿴棬·ڿһ⡣
Сɻ󣬡⣬զˣ
ͣķǿЦǺˡ
ö˶˵ôᱻǺСӲɵؿԼӣźɣʱ߳ŭʲôû㣬ʲô
СԵ޹һʱίؿ裬߿Цõذ˰֣û£Źȳȥɡ
СһߣƵؿŷӦҵķ裬ô𣿡
ʣ㾿ôģǲǹôҪ𣬼ֱִһ˵Ի·Ĳ⡣
һҾȷһ¡
ģ
û˵
ǵͷаɣӲȷһ£ǲĵġ˵꣬ʼ½

汾ֹû뵽ֱӽһ
÷.¶ļ˼ƤͬʱЩߡǵһͷײ棬ʱһɬûˣֻʣºЦҪʲôѽͷŤܿʲô
Դ۵죬ֱп˵壬Դֱڳᣬûһͷ
裺ⲻҪˣ
ɻؿĺףȻطĶˣ
ˣ
̾£Ϊǵһ竣ⷴӦδ̫ˣ
ⴿģʵ÷۽磬뵽˻ϷŮһֵķ鶼װģ
֪ЩʱЦ
޼ɵЦת˵ʵˣҲûʲôܿģҲ벻ԼʲôȻ󡭡ĿһƬѩףһƽ»ƽ̹κνķ
ˣʧ治ǹﰡ
Է˸ۣĸôŵ̹ǷɿŵĺҲûĺ
˵˲ǣ㻹ţҺö˶˵ʲôŮװ
˵أҲΪԼִе֣һ۷裬˵ݣô᲻̫Сû
ţͲһ¡Ȼģ
ɫ΢죬Ϊ̹ʣҪ¿һοף
棺߯ôʲô.֮ʣ
軹ûκζ˳ǻһ룬˲ɫ죬æҡͷ𡭡͵͵һۣһֻۣҫ۵İɫŲԾϽߴ٣촩ϴϣ˿ô죿
ã
á
治ã
òãֲǱ̬֪һҪҪˣ˵ѣظ
¹У۾뿴ֲҿģƮ޴ţֱϮĻҡ
ⶬ̫ӣηִö࣬һһ㣬Ҫ治סҵ񲻴죬üָСļɲǼ䣬ζ͸һӽŵװһ·ͷָͲʹ
ǹϼ·ֻ׻һƬ̵۾֪Ķæҵؿȴ̡
᲻ᰡʡ
ٵһ¡һ߸ѽϾһҧС裬ǹǲǣⱲӶûô˹
̧ͷ˿ᶥ䣬Щǲ֪ΪΣǺЦ£㶪˵ʱأҲû˼Ҫˣ
棺ģҲ֪֪ˣүҵģ
˴˱˴ˣȥҪˡϣԷ·ͶһѳԱߵıӣ˹Լɡ
˵һѳӵµĻ׼ѹѹϧһһܻӭ½ĴǰϷɲǼ䣬뵽һĨס


71 
СƵ߽˳, ͷűӴҴҴܳȥ棬Ͳ̫Դ벻ͨԼڸʲô
벻, Ȼǲ룬µλź, Ҳһġ
Сү, ūСЦһá
Ǿ͹Ұϵһ¡̫ӵΣ谴סߣǱߣʵڲ⣬ϾҪ³˵ģ¹ڲ
Ȼ⻰СӶ˲, 
̧ͷ, ֣εŽ⿪ѣϵȥҵŪһ, ˡ
⿪ѡŪһҡ
ƮƮһ仰һСӵԴ, žը̻, ʱòסϵĸ, žһ촽
ˡȥ
ǰ, ˡ
С૵˵, ϸؿŷ裬ͷһ˿˿, ѾͲ˵, һǳ

СӶʱһ, ģֲҪܳȥʲô޲
ͻȻ뵽֮ǰͷصġˡһ֪Ǵײ£ûʲôԽԽԣѵҵ̲ͣסСү֣ǿϣ
뵽һ·ԷĸչˣԸǸүȴΪڵǸɵȥСӶʱԼһӣԵͼ죬ôû
Сӵ˲ˣһڿˮСʣǡСүðɣ
ӣá壬΢һ¾Ȼֳ˸ðԤףˡ
ȻҪͷʹԿҩһһ뵽һ޿
ģСӵģʯˣ
ý֪˵ȻôϧԼ϶ñ߶
Сӣϥһ͹Ϊӯ
һ·˭֪мŮж׺ͣɵ⼸λǰǸܵܡССڵǵ֪ҵ¶ƵķʲôмҾƲæ򣬶ˡ
ԣȥ¬ɽ֡
Сү̫ˡСӸж
Ҳͦõġ΢ŨصıҰæ
*
¬ɽͷˣ
׼ΪݽӷϴżŴҴֻһþòܻ
ŷĳŴ̲סһ
ʲôŷʡ
ͨˡ˻ش
ͨˣŷüͷһ壬ɽķͽˣ
ˣŵҲ̡ߵ֤ݶڣ¬˺ͷ뽫ٿĪ磬Ŀ֮µû˸˵һ֡
ƣŷ͵һӣ¬ɽɵ𣿾ôһ£ʲôʱôСǧӺѵһ
⻰Ϊ治ΪӺİңĵͷߣȷôš
뵱͢˶֪ݣżһһˣҪ¬ɽʶȤ裬ҲǰһҪô뿪ӺҪôڻɳ
һʲô߻ʵԶżҽ˹᳹쾡£˵ĻӺнƽżҹû
˵̫үɽ˱ˣЩȴúúõģ֮ѽټľǧӺǶ֣ο¬˴⣬˸ˡ
ŷȥʱ۾³һ˿ǵⲻԲб¬ɽǲԩ
ô죿
ô죿ŷЦһѵֻżż𣿡
䣬ſڱ̫ү
ƣⲻˣ
ŷ˰֣롣
ƽһģ󻹸żλ˳ϡ
ƽһ·һ·Ц̫үĽӷ翴ǰ첻ˡ
ŷƤ˳ǣȻЦó
һУһΪԷĺƤ̧һԼˣ
ƽЦݣɫòÿ
ŷ弥һЦָָ̧ӣȻˣǾɡ˵꣬δһôǣ
һ仰ʹѹ˺˵ţΪżҵƶˡ
ƽ棬˿Ȼ˲衣
ŷ˲裬Ღ˲Ҷ˵̶ӻûЩȥµĺò裬׼׸ȳζΣ
òȻǴԭָѿ⣬ͽ㹻ˣҲͬƽΪȵǹʣżóͣνʮ㡣
ǵɫʱ¶˾ϲСĵµɲյһڣƷζȻˬڣظ֮שһһء
л̫үд
ŷЦЦȻ²յ˵¬ɽȻʲôöϾǲŴô˱ﴦȻɱϵƣ߹ҲӲ
ʱƽߵһ˷̫ү⻰ԭ޷ͬ¬ɽΪͨ˱ɱģЩסԭ̵ķͽǺȴûһϵҲͷϡ
ǰԭĻ֤ȷ䣬滹żҵ֣̫үǵĵԼɡһ̯֣һ̹ģ
Ŵȥ۵ͷģżȻа취Ӧԡ
Ǿٺòˡ
²ؼģŴ̲ס޹أأҲ޹𣿡
ƽЦ֣⻰͸Цˣ˳ǣûʳɱڳ£ͷβûǺ˵ӰӣŶǷĸ°˵ֲһ䣬ԺˣҲֻš
ʱŷȻǶ޹أֺαһˣ
Ŵ̧һָſţ롣
ŷŲ豭ŲҶƷ費̬ȿνǿӲ
ʱЩΣƽɤӣԲˣαżû˵ء
ǰǰҲǹѡ
ʱŷ²յ̲˵Ų֪ϼ죿ƽ֪𣿡
ƽʱڨЦһ֪
֪ŷʱǺЦһ֪ʱҲôشƸɾ
ǻ࿴һۣ˵Ҳǻġ
ģʲô۸ѽùļ۸͵ʲô𣿡ŴЦУŷ嵭˵մ˳ֶ˵͸ˣУһ־ǸͨŶ¬ɽѾˣǺʲô³ţ
ȥ⻹ǿڴ˳ϡŴ˵׼ˣɱֻأ
⻰˵ĺǶʱ
ƽ룬˵֣⻰ͲˣȻ಻ͬҲӺˣô꣬ɲҪˣͲǵӺһӣ
ǰǰ
һӣӺˣŷЦ⻰ûǼûˣǿӺˣĺʲô˵ԼˣܹٸҪʳֱɴ˳Ҳ̫ˣһ˰ûӺˡ
żҺͺͷ̾Ӻ꣬ѾѪְΪžظԷڿӣ˵̫ϤԷĵϸˡ
ŷ˵Ȼ΢΢һЦĵ˵ʱں˼ȥӺô󣬻ûĵطµģ˻١
һסȥǲŲˡ
֮һ仰ˣżҪǲùҲǣ
˵ϣվЦȻһ̫үǾͲˡһҲѽӼѡֻ¬ɽҪЩôǶһЩҲûϵ²Ҫôǵⶼܺúˡ
Ŵ⻹õ˵ûǾɱ˳͢٣Ҫ˵һˡ
ô죬ܲɣӺԼĹأ̫ү˵ǲǣ
ŷ첻⣬ˣɱɱˡ
⡭
¶УȻŷñҪˣӺǿѹͷߣЩ˵Ҳȥ죬ûˣǾʲô㡣
ƮƮһ仰̾ú˰
ƽƺе˼ʣӷ硭֪첻죿
ŷһЦԶζҪ֮꣬Ҳ֪֪ӺĴ֮һˣȥ£͹⡣
Ǿǰˡ
ƽ뼸ϻ࿴˿һ˿˷ܡ
ŴӦ£ǡ
ȵȡŷֽס

ĴæҲû޽ˣźδ
»ش𣺡̫үⷽǰݡ
ݼªʲôûУί£ƽ˵ҵһլӣ㹻󣬾롭
ءŷֱӴĻƽüͷһ壬¶һ˿ãߺһȻѽˣլȻãɱϾϰ߽ģ²ϰߡ̫үѡһʡ
ŷЦŰڰ֣ˣʱͣҲҪסĶȻ¬ɽѾýվͽ֪ݸúʰһ£ѶһңȻϽźǻɡ
ŴԾؿŷ壬⡭᲻̫ˡ¬ɽˣϴ˿̱ȻѹȻŷ˼¶סĸۡóʰɾ
֮ˣʲôһ˵ڣ͹ˣǲǣ
ƽȢ¬ɽŮ˿ҲЦˣ̫ү˵ҲǣζԵЩȥ޹ˣҪԼľǡ
Ŵˣֻܴͷ֪ˡ


72 
Ϊǰһ, ӺݱһݸҪǧ´ࡣ
˿ةѾ׵սս׼λүס, Ҫ֪ӺĹѾˣСС, ҵ, 
ԼݣһʱʹµſڣȻĴ¹򣺡¹ٹݡ
ƽɡȻһͳϵϴ
ة΢΢һ㶣ŵ̧ͷͼһλŽ˿ۣͷڵ̧̧, Ҳˡ
л£ةҲȥôõ, Ϊʲôȥæ£Ѿʰɾ, ˮ, һ·, 뾡Ъ
δ˵, ĳŴ, ֻһԲС̫һһѩ׵Ӱ, ʵ̫ʵˣة쳤˲Ӷ, ֻĽС, Сְ̫, ͸¶һӽ
СԱãȻͼǰһ̧һ㽫ǲ֪ôˣ̧һ룬Ȼ˻ȥڱһү֮ɤӣõطԸߵūţӣ
СӶʱ۾ŵؿ棬˵£ȻҪڼӣ̫˰ɣ
찡һۣߴٵ˵ūôؼʱǵӣûүܲ˼
һͨ汾ΪѾƽͣƵˣû뵽һ裬˼ָҰƵĻ뷽šֲԾ
Ϊ˱ⶪһү
СӼҿϵķ裬ֱ̾Ȼң
˿̳ѾӺֵؿɵ۵ͣȻֵү
˽չһҲͰˣʽУδۣ軹зִģվߣֶҲûж룬ֻǷųյĬĬزŵ򷽲ˡ
СӼ۵زУظһ治Թ񣬺߼ֱĪ
ûչūŵС˼˿裬˵ͷ䣬Ƚȥɡ
ææµµͽݣʮĻҰȹΣиĵطס˻мҵģǸ˵ģ˴˵Цڡ
˳֮Ǯʹż̶ӵƹлʾõǣܿڣǻӺǶһʱ䡣Щ̶ӶİգҲڿͷ֮ȥ
ƺƵһˣر˶飬عԼԭ
񣬾ʣˡ
濴Բ񰲶ٺ֮󣬱˶ɽǵļҾ죬ԼǾ콫˽ӻ
Ȼϳҳ˲ʳҾɲ࣬Բ̫ܵá
Բش𣺡·ģ¹ٻᾡõǼǣᣬֻδңͷн˴죬塣
г˵ͷԣϡƣһ˰ɡ
á
ʱ˵ҿǻ˵£ģҲ֪Ƿ㹻ӣþȥ鿴磡
һھŨصıһֱӽΧ߸˹
ߵδѩƵ裬ôˣ
ޱʣǲ͵͵֣ˣ
һ·Է꺮ůչˣû뵽ǻƵһ硣
ȻվСľ·гȻ˲鵶
ŵŷ裬ȴĵƳһۣ˳ǣŴͷɵ˵ԺҲˡ˵꣬¶һЦݡ
ôСܣ˭ĸһۣ͹ˡ
͵͵ӣԼˣھĵؿʼ˼˵ԼǳʲôǵñŮ䣬ͲҸȺĵطȻ֪Լ岻ã
ʱ벻ȥȻ֪طⲻǳϵ⣬һ˸Ӧ
Ǹ˱ɣվЩĸȻ߷ߴһƪʺڡŮˡһӾ͸͹˰ɣ
ţʱжѣĿ˿˿𣬴һ޷ϲŷ裬˵ôôõˣ˰
⸱ݵģСǾĴ
˵ĶԣȻ㵱飬κιǣĴ󵨵ظɣ˴ơ˵üõʵ̫ˡ
ȻޱҸȥɣͳ죬㱣£ʮ˸ǾС
ȻûжԲҲ
ͷλ̾һûмңǽ˳Ƕ粽ƣþԼԲ٣е֮ˣҲټ
Բ˵ǡ
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һ·ĳ˵أȻͲͬһң֮뿪ˡ
СӾͿĿϮɫӰƶʧҲûջƲƲ졣
Ҳȥֻ֮ʣͣСڵ£ٰͲסҲͻСүʵ̫ˣ
߷߲ƽſߡ
һ㶣ֵô֪˵ˣ
Сһˣ⻹ҪСү˵ﶼóѡѶˡӶһҡ
˼ҵĳûԹ⣬ҲܰʲôɿԽڴ죬·ʱѣ·
ʵ̫ˣɲǼǰ·ֳĨףָⲻСġǣòȥȶȵĶֺ
һ֪ԳУСӶʱˣʱôСү̫ˣһ壬⣬мҶǴ֧֣һʱ嶯ҲգȻĲү
С볯źһϽԼҵҪõͷɣ
˵ʲôүҲû뵽ǣǡ泶˳̵Ķ䣬ȻЩͲ壬˵ʵҲܹң˭ʱү˵Ļ͸һȺҰƵģ
ֹתһȦʰԼĶǳ⣬Сʣӣү룬үǸôأ
ǻ˵𣬵ȻȢѽ
СȻȻֲ֮У۾˲䷢ֱǰǸͺˡ
Ȼ費ǣԿģٰӡ
ʱһƨϣ̧˫ָ棬˺ƱӰ
û飬СҲܸоģź֮Ҳûʧǡ
ӦСӸסˣĶ˵Ϊ߷߲ƽǵ£ôˣ
ˣˣӣүˡ۾죬̧һ
СӾ͸żˣʲôˣ£Сү˵ȥ𣿲ģû˵Ͳ˵ˡ
⼦ͬѼĻĶӾ뷽ԥسѣ̹ǲǾͱʾ˼ҸûǸ˼
ǰôͲʲô£ȻҲû˵ıҪ뵽ѹĳˮӿȣ˲佫ûˡ
ȻСӵĶһ׺䶥еɶСүģ
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Ƶ㲻֪үȷһ辿ǲǹȻԼ·ҿ
ģû֪ġ
Сӣˡ
۾ɵɴС̣ȻЦɶ͸ָү
СͨһڣūŴˣ
һ·ūŵȻ۾ʣ˵뵽ʲô
Сһ࣬ڰ⡭ܲܲ˵
˵
ı£Сһᣬ۾ˡ
꣬þö˵аӣүԺô꣬̾ͳˣǷ˶£
Сᣬȷ룬Լеԩ̲סСΪԼҲܹūţ˭βᣬ˵û£϶Ҳ˼
һ󣬵
ƨ
Сӣʱͷ˵ˣ˵ǻɥģ˵ѽ
ˣֱ⵨ūţȻһ䣬ȴ޴ӷ
С͵͵̧ͷһᣬԽ϶ԼĲ²⣺ūû˵ɣ
߳ŭˣѿڶ˼ΣǸʵˣô
䣬СŴ͡
Ҳһ𾪡
ôˣ


73 
ӲȻ뵽һ䲻֪˭дʫ, ʲôϣͦɱģǴ˿̶, ѵҲУԧԧһ, γ˫ԣ
߯ôף
ģԼ, ˻ת
¡СҲתȦһϰ¡
Ͼ˵ôһӸ޵ͻȻˣΪĵĸ࣬ҲѧӦӦλɲǺƢӵСү, ļˣ
ԼһҪڲ, Ҫȫλźãһͷʲôģõһʱ˵ϣҪСӣѧչ˺ӡ
뵽, СӽŲһ, ôе, Ŷ, , , СӣǾ¶ˡ
һ, ȦȦ, 䲻, ǰͷͻȻͣһʱûעһͷײĺ󱳡
飬ضҪϼɵϣСӶʱűӣȴӵĳ
ת˫ַסļһִδй侲˵ӣʵǹҲͦõġ
˵СүС벻ΪɶǵþŮĻʱ۾öˡ
ҪǸһǸõĹǼ޸ү̣𣿶Ҫ޸ĹˣҲ⣬һһѡ˸һѸ˵꣬ͷ컨壬֪ǲҪȥԣеͦãүⱲһ˾͹ˡ
СˣôȦȫ׷Сү˫˫Ѽһĳû뵽Ҫ֣
ⲻ԰Сӿʧ棬Сʣɵ£ûˣҲŮˣһСүȢ޲ͣһװͰ͵ĸϻأ
棺ô죿ѲɸŮˣôɵóⲻǻ
СӼˣ̲סΪִŮ֮ȻټҲǾףСүҲԸأ
Ը⣿һĿܹȢӣճˣӣ˵˭Ը⣿
λڹҴӣЩ۶˳ĶˣԶ׼
СӶʱ˵Ȼ뵽ɹЩ۵ף̸ǶǿԼģȵģɼˣԸ
ӣǳţҶҲôأһ˳۴Ӱյͷɼ̳˵Ķ񱣬ѪҾȻҲˡ
֮ǰľᰮһ˿˿ζȫɫˢףĿŭˣֻҪһ뵽˸ʵһ˼ʱĲѡ
ūŸСӽͷصؿڵϣ뷴ūŶ£ϲһ
ʲôһҪŪϴ𣿡
˵۾ˣȭͷԼ˼еޱȵʹޣΣ͸޷ԭԼ
ȻӦԶһ㡣
Сʹѣֻܿͷ£ûôϲһûģа
ȻȴЦˣ³֣Ҳ䡣
صСӶʱ档
ʱſڴһƣ棺£żҼŷ֮Ŵ
*
ٿʱܾмֹ죬ֿһʱǺ࣬ⲻĴ
һųϣƽʱ涼ǰһģҲԾؽֱλϾȻơ
˸ƺһţȻƨɳס
զѽƽװһѵ磬ȵĿⲻɵߵСӣȻһƲͷ˵û
ƣûĶ
תͷԵһλ΢΢һЦЦһ˿ѯʡ
ƳһۣȻ߿ʵСүǲǸֱˣ
⻰еѰζǱʶƢĶϲŵ棬ȻǺȡ֡
һ˵ϵݺг磬ԼδѩҲ˹
Ť
룬׷ݽգĹŹֺӳȥʼ˾Ͳˡ
֮ǰ˼ˣʱȻ˰죬˻Ϊʱľȹڻ
˹ˣҪȲ˼
ǺǺЦһЩС°ˣ⣬ͳΪߵһˣҲӦ档
˭Ҫ˭ȥź
ͳ죬λǰǾǸȵģ治Ҫ̧٣ϧ˵
ʱɤӣʾĿϵǷϡ
ż磬ӷϴλøòȥ
гһϯȻʱ⣬Ӧ¬ɽ֪֮Ѿʼ׼ˡ
ɫ¬ɽͷѾżһҪϯɼ¬ɽŹţӺɲǸСء
г˵ͷû˼ϣ¼þգĪҪ֣żҲͲƽˣ򡭡
δѩͷҲǿ
˷׷׵ͷǮ𲹳Ӧòֹżңкˣʵ˽ĹͬвܹҪѹǣס
һһֻһ£̲סʣզģѵżҲǱסˣˣʾõ𣿡
һۣ汻үסˣͲʲô
ʲô
ӦżҼõӦ͵
ԭˡƶʱȻȻʣԵȥ
ȥ
ȥƨ
䣬Χ̧ͷҲ˹ϬһĬ
ƣ˿ͬˣλϵԼֱͬţ֯Ůӣڡ
СһסҿٺݵĻԼһǴⲻʶرӶӲ
̲סģ£
ʶԼ鲻ԽǽӲشӷתƣµɸˣȥżңүûա
̴ϹվǱְھȥɣסˡ
ˣô죿ŷ裬ǲҪشĿ󣬡С
ƣĬĬ˻ȥ
ĺԼʲôҪܵĥֱܲӸʹ죡
ȻͳٵȵȰɣżҸţⳡϯвֻǽӷ磬Ȼиµ
˵ſ棬ߺƿߣδ⣬װͷүӺûʲôõˣǿľȺ񡣡˵򴽣дһ˿⣬ҵĵĲǶģ
δ˵꣬űش򿪣ֻޱ¶ñӣŴ£㣬˴룡
ȻһͲ񱼶˵Ǵģɫǵ˵ֻ֧ʮ죬·һʡŵ㣬ô죿
ޱĻ֤ʵĲ²⣬һ˵ɫʱ
ʱг˵ҼǵӺ֣һһ
ޱش𣺡ȥˣֻСţָǿյģ
һֵʳûʳȥĶأʡ
˶֪
ޱԲأ
˰ΣնЩмҾǽˣҪϿӦȻ棬¾취û㹻ʳԼҲᶯҵġ
һЦˣø¬ɽҲү¡
˼ſޱʣĽ㣬ɷʹֵĹͷȥ˺δ
ޱش𣺡ˣֻȥĶҲ֪¬ɽµҹʡ
ʲôʱյģ
һ¡
˵ſ棬þҵʳȥ򡣡
ͷƣ֮ǰǸ˵µĻ̴ʡ
ǣƴһѸײڶ֮ƳſڣҲ֮ˡ
һߣޱ˿һӣܾôһֹ졣
ʱվֱһȻЦʣ£ҿ𣿡
棺ѵҡͷһ
ʯĳڷǰڵġ
İõޱž˳ˣԭλá
΢΢ս棬Ҫ˼ˣ޷߸ǾԿˣ´θҿǡ
ƮƮĻУˮأ˲һھǰǷ˸ʪ͸
ȿȡһ߿һ߾ؿŷ裬߯ô֪Լ˵ʲô
øʲô˼Ҫһó£
ɫǵͨ죬ΪǺԣҲΪʲôԭ
һͷСȻڸޱ裬ȴǱߵĻһᣬˮֱӳ˲豭ޱȥ
Ź
Һ֮˷ӦޱһӾͶ㿪ˣֱȻ̺졣
СӾһϽջεԣԲסĽû°ɣ
ǲ̫ˣҿ㱡ޱûƽϣСӲǹģֻһ˲ԼͬǱִһˡ
Ǹ˵ʲôˣгʡ
գգ۾޹˵ûʲôҪ̹࡭
˲۾ֻһֺֻȻס죬յĶߣѵ裬Ѹ̫á
˵ѪǲԸҲòϣԷ裬޷ԼҰһ.
˵ͷſ֣豣˾룬ͷԴ͵СӷԸɵôӣȥߴߡ
СӶҪɵˣǣǡ
΢΢üƽЦΪôӦ
ϱӴѧʱСһȥϴ裬ȱȴСء
֮䶼һðˡ뵽Բ𡣡
һɫʱϥϵˡ
һβܿ⣬Ϊƽθˡ


74 
θսսعڵ, һȦȻһŵɶš
¹١, ˣ, θꡣ
μꣿ
θĶͷѾ亹, ꡣ
꣬ͦˣǲֿյ£֪ģ˵˵˭ˣʡ
θʱſڵϲ˵
˵Ǽ˼Ͼ, ֪˵, ǲ֪û˵
θһƺݺݵһţ㻰أװʲôȣ
迴˵ߡ̸֪
˵Կθ̧̧ͷ, ʱЦ, , а, ˵˵
θ걻ץס¬ɽɱһ, ޷Ԥϵ, ˶̵ʱҲвôտڲ̸, Ǻ¬ɽ³

, , üǵɣȫʬ
θʱһһγĬ
вүЦһڰ֣û£˵ҲУǾһ˰ɡ
䣬ɷǰһһѰסһϵĵѩ׵ĵ淴ŵƻ͵θǰŰˣϽ棬ʵǲ֪𣿡
ӺָӵĶģҲôˣ¬ɽһ͸ˡĵŸʲôְ
ǣ
ۿǵ浽˲ǰθĺëֱŵһƬհף۾ں˵˵
վ洽һͣ
ס˵Ŀⶼθ߲꣬ҰĴǡ¬˺ˡ
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θܿ챻ȥޱŸճԿڲ裬ʹҴѹȥţȻǱȻĿǮҲץ׳ȥ˱ȥˡӺԱҴӭݣܶණӦûܹҳ
һδƽһ𡣡ϣ³һʱҲûپǵŮ鳤Է˵ԭΪɱ¬ɽһˡ˳֮һжܹţүǰҲʲôǣһ壬ҳû뵽ǽˣһûֳµ⡭
뵽Ȼ͵һ棬ŭɶ¬ɽôĵӣҽʳˣ
ͽɱ̰ЩȻɶ񣬵ͳͳû˷ŭ
һ̫ˣĥ
ҪҪʬٱ޸ʬʡ
ͷֻһ棬ûЦ±ʬʱ򣬼ǵҸųһӣҲ
ܹŽ֮Ϊɺޡ
һĿǣʱŭȻʧЦʣˣ
𣿡
Ȼһ仰˲ѣϵ΢΢һ飬ʣС裬ôѽ
ǵȻûԥصصͷĿ峺ᶨش濴ԼӰӣۿƲסЩȣɫز˲ͷɸûôá
ǽյڶ⻰ˣЩ⣬ȴûֻǻش𣺡ô˵ˣ˺ˡЦԼ۹⡣
̶仰·𻯳һ͵˲Ŀڣĸšۡ
ŷ裬˵ŴʵǸɵϣ۹ãһҲãƣһͼĻ쵰ȴһ֪һΣգ
ôˣֵؿŲ˵Ǳȴȿ޻ѿ档
ҪҡͷȻһֱֻĶͷϣɲǼ䣬ʩ˶һ㣬Ҷ
Ƶ֣ûǲ̫ˣܴöԶģô򿴿ɣǵĹǣʧˡ
׼֣ȴһסգգ۾ֻؽַϣȫ̹ؾأûй¶һ˿һȻſ̧֣ͷ裬ŵЦһһ˵裬ģ粻ʧģԶǺֵܡ
Цһ˲䷽оڿޣ֣
뿴ϸЩȴѾˣԤʾ˳Ż˵Ǹãλ磬ԺҾͿзһˡ
˵ߣߣߣ̧ߣֻҪôУŷСģԼ˵
ʵҲûʲôúڵģ²ϣҲ֪Լˣ񲻹Ǹѡҷ軹ʲô֪û˼˵С
뵽Ȼˣ˵¬ɽӦòһ飬ÿôȻ֪
˳ūһֱսϣĦͣ󲿷ֱɳŹأ콫ūڱ޷¡ˣûūвӺ֮˿·óŻ˷٣񻪹ر࣬ս£ټϳ̶ӻֻͨҪؿʵôϸ񣬻Ϊȷ˳ȥ
Ц򶼲̫ƽˣǻ
Чҳڸ֮УطʲôãֲѵΪܵĽֻӺ
˥ܣȻҲֲΧС˼
Ȼ뵽Уеϣѹͷϣ˵ͷûе⣿
ؿûⲻ֪ҹҹ˯ŵģûеڶ·ߡ
ڹ󣬳Ὺĵһּʽˡ
ֻǧٿ׵ĹңһЮƵôȻ˶ѡ
ȻЩʱӺûйϵ˵Զˣ֮ǻȽʳһնɹѹءѾˣٹñѩڣܲӣиգܻ顣
ףûҲЩʳһڳڡ¬ɽһôǽ˳赲⣬ҪߣȻҪԼĻȥճƥգźҲۡ
ǻӺһʱ䡣
ֻҪЩ̣ӦþҵýЩ˴ܿҵˡ
еĺô۾˶٣Ǹү³
š
Ȼʣ裬˵żв𣿡
˼ûв벻֪һҲڽס
Ϊĵͷߣ˵һؿųֱ͢˰գôܣûеõżҵĬ⿿¬ɽ׼˸첻ˡ
ʵһֱΪʲô֮ǰô֪ǹٵĴǹ٣ûһѵ࣬˾վڳЩֶЩʲô
ôһʣ÷費һ㶣ûôࡣ
ȷκγͬףˮѣһ֪ܲӺ߶ȥ˾Եˡ
¬ɽӣżҳ⣬ҲҪ÷磬Ҫ
ԽԽľ棬ⲻ¬ɽǡ
żҡ
ͨվʲô˶ܸɣ壬ǧˣһһȴ
뵽ЦƣĶ
ʱС߽£żˡ
ǣүǼˣЦһȻ󻽵
߲ŴһĻţƲӣʵЩưμ£Ͽ䣬ܼǰٴ¡
һֱʲôèŽſڸʲôԵģȥ
䣬ſڵʱסǿû뵽յĴɫһ£ڼżҼС
żҶ֣ҧ˼ء
ϧûá
üһʹ죬ײģ
ŷ϶ʲôӣֻ沿˪˴˳ӣշҵĵ̣һ̣ɸûеĹ豾ˣү
żҿûôǿӲһ涼żңŵͬʱΣ֮£æ£˳ԲѷѵͲҪʳ𣿡
һʱ۾˹ȥ
ǿд󶨣˵򣬿ȴǳԺȣ£ǧӾǸϵӺĶǿǵˣźΪӷ磬ӺҸһΪɹѹأǺﶼ
ֱָЦˣ
ǣΪӺ壬¬ɽ֮ԷȻҪֵ֧¡˵¶ʧ˰ʵ̫ĺˣǵÿǷҪ
ôв
ңѳ̧˫ֵ˵䣬Ŭά򶨣Ц£ôܽв޷ǻݻˣֻҪܹ͹յ磬ȻʧƼݡ
ЦȻڴ֮ǰȻһ
䶨ȥȴһòˣߣĵؿҴûô޳֮ˣ͵ҹʩĿζԴ˼ңǲ֪߳ܶдʶˡ
̵ĻÿɫʸºˣСڿԡ
赧˵䣬վɫʲô
ߵſڵг⻰ʱͣ˽Ųȵ¶οЦݡ


75 ·

û˵ʵ, ǾԲ֪ܲ
ǿ˲侪ɲؿ裬ֹ̧˹û뵽Ĺ, ʧ
̬תˣʹ
߹, վ, µĻȻˣͻȥŷ壬Ϊ·ǣô¾͸ᣬͳԾóһԹܵͨ˵Ķ, ô׵׼
С, һһкʮ˵лȣû, Զ, ԲƽϽżҵ, ɡ
ǿʱüͷ, ŷȫͬ, ǻȥҲ޷
ɵ, ɵٴ˿裬Ȼʶûʲôӡ
, Ǿ, иŮʮǰ޵, һ
֮úõľǲȻ֮ܵسԷɳλ̹Ҳ൱⣬뵽˶ЦλСүѵܴżˮˮԺүǾмӣͨޣô˵Ͳ½޷
δ˵꣬Ȼӱһô֪游ŷ廹
ȴʧϣһͷ
ֻſһг߽´䣬۾ֱ˵ɵСЩſڿӣҪ鷳ġ
гһ仰ÿıһ亹Ϊϳˡ
ûм̳˹ͬľŮŮƱ
뺷Ů˸޷ٰ磬гֻһվһʱʵĵ棬˵ϢɳѪĥɷ
żҿʱһǷ軹ʲôôгǾ˼
гܴܲŷ壬Ҳ֪Ҽ裬ܴ
һǿ䣬Ƿ涼𾪡
Сӿ鼤ϽһڸߵŸʲô춪ȥ
ǡǾһһ̽Ťסѹȥ
ڣ㡭
ղź磬֮ɱһɱżҵʵͷеģû뵽гֱΪ
ȻгȴԴο֪ԼмˣǼҵſɱ࣬ʹ𣿡
һͬͷԭǿ仹ţ񲻾ʵˣ
߻ʵԶһӺеżҶôţռʮȻӺ޼ɡ
ЩڳоԵ͵Ҳͷϣĳҳޣ
ǲ֪᲻鷳С˵
һſг硣֪ⲻ鷳ǽǣһ𡣾ıѫ֧֣ѧʿӵǰġȴǱȨ
˭Ķ
гһЦȻ棺¡
һ衣
гӺİʧͲ鷳
⻰˲еĹâ̲ס˷裬ϵЦţڴΡ
̧֣صضг籧ȭнģҾ
г绹񣬡ǼȻ˵ϣҲлʡ
н˵
ӺƵӦˣǴͼ߽֮żҵ׼Ѹײڶ֮ƽ£
ЦнΪźżҵ׼һأ
㣬ھڵ߽ˡ˵
гףǶԵģʱϵԽã¾ԽΣ֮ʱмҾݣԲԾӺǣΪá
ҪޱҲͰˣȻ֧֣ȻҪżû׼ڳڵʱ򣬽˻Ὣⶾײ
ԣг¶ͣãôʵ£ʦ
㣬ͨΣ
гĿ˲ű˵ƿ裬裬Ҫȷ֤ݡ
ЦʳȻ¬ɽȻżҵ⡣
гüĿδǾ仰֤ݡ
һҵ֤ݣ˼ţȻ۾£¬ɽĴæۡȻҪҲΪ֪Ķ
֮һ̳ſںƣ
ְڣ
ϴȥ֪ݸκ˲ýλżҹ̣Ҳ뿪벽˭һΪʣ뵽סˣȥ
¬ɽżִ治£ѵԸ
Ͷϣ¬ɽλãΪ˽·Ҫ֤ݸ
ҵĶʱ
нɡ
гףá
˵꣬˴Ҵҵشȥ
£ͷ䰡СæҲ׷˳ȥ
һ뿪ڱǰ費ɵػһ㡣Ȼֹ
гЦôĻˣ
˵ͷȻٰΣԸ㾡Ҫȴҡ
Ȼʱ棬ȴҲıһ·ĳŵӺͶעҪȱĻӸӼѡ
ûô콫м棬¼ԱؽмҺһϣʵܺ£һ˿أԼҲٲһӵˡ
гһ̾Щεֻʮ꣬ôôأ
ЩһǴô죿С˵
С󡣡гЦɵ裬ΪǽôæѵֻΪ͹ù𣿡
㶡
ˣг̹ԵҲˣж֣ʵϾôɱ游ıȨж߽֮ø޷֣ҵɷΪҵӣ޻ϸ䣬ҲûǸʸ񡣡
һ
Ҳĳ·
гһ仰÷ȻǴ㣬Ҳ𣿡
ĳ˵ˣĻ䴦ھԵƣȴؼᶨ߽һ·ңҼǰĻӣӦҲֻˡ
ۣ˴ǣ˵ᶨҲڡ
裬ӺأԼѡģǻϱ⣿
𰸷֪Լѡ
г绺˵һ֡
սϣ֮УıϾ٣ƴǽǣǿΪʤһ㣬Ϊס֪˻ѣŮƱΣ
гӦӹָӣжλӵͣչǵʵнʿмŮ˸ɫΪս
Ц㣬һ죬Ž㱸Ӣˣ¶˵һ仰ΪӶ˱ȨôūЦ˳ÿˡ
⻰гޱȾȣĿ񶼲һˣѵá
ǵģӵڶڵһȰ˵ʼ;˺ѵá
*
żңӷ
ӺͷĶѾˣȻλǿյģǸ׼
˶Ϊɱ¬ɽӺҲż̫ѿȻҪϯյ硣
¶иȣɱ˼˺ҲͲˡ
û뵽ǿӲ̬ȣ
λ֮µŷĿ񣬲꣬죬ôϰҲôɵš
ֱ䴩СŽ
Ŵһ
ŷ۾˿䣬Цˡ
ͷߺɫأҴһȻʹյŷĶߣٵؽ˵һ顣
ȫĿⶼϣǶĺ˳ϯҲ̽Ŀ⡣
ܿ˵꣬ŷͻȻƴЦãܺã
һһĵ²Ǽ£ȻŷһһɨϯϱͣλӲ벻ѽ
һ֮󣬶ʱ˽
⡭ļҲ̫˰ɣ
ǰŸӺô棬δƲˡ
˿ɫѾƵƣ˸ɵôʱ䣬ȴȲʵڱһ׷ױԹ
Ƕƽü̫ү֪Ƿл
Сŷ忴䣬˵ɡ
ûԥĻһһʮص˵˻ӣշӺ֮һ̣кʸ
ô
ѵҪ𣿡ŴĻһģһ
ֻ˵үȻҪġ½Ȼλģ͸һᣬþľþľһ磬̫үȥ㱨£򡭡
ΣϯλϵҼʡ
򣬾żҼλô׵׼Ͳá
ף˾˾һΪʲô
ŷ¬ɽʲôģλѵ𣿡
ͨˣ
ʶ㣬ӺҴǷ׷׿ŷ档
̫ү˵ɽõ֤ݣŽ¬֮Է⡭ǣô졭
Ȼһҵ£޷ǣǣٰˡ
ŷЦô죬˵Ǵģͽ˱Ͱųڰɣ
ǡ
һ仰ڣһ׳ʿλûôԸȥ棬֤ݰɣ
ҡҡͷŷ͸ЦˣȻˣἸˣƼֻ˵óȥˣѵƾôˣЩ϶û¶ٵں֮ڣɱһɱĹ𣿡
һʣ̽ΧֻŷԱߵūͲ˵Ŀϯˣָ̧Žµ棬ˣӺ
仰һ˵Ķߣ硰ඥ


76 
, Ӻ
󺰣Ϊܡ
ʵѾܾûСˡŷֻ, ƽ͵ǰ˭ţ
ʱҼָ֪ݣεǸɣ
Զ, ໹ͦŷΪл, ǵõһҲΪӷϴû
Ȼ, ̫ү, ˭ܲӣ
ŷͷ, ԣ, Ҳλϡָָͷһ˵λȻҡͷ̾ϢƢҲãһİ, 絽;, ˦ˡ
ԭʶ̧ٵѽһλֹһȻԼӵһۡ
Բã֪ĶأŷЦſΧȻⶢһʡ
ҲžƱ, ӲͷƤش𣺡̫ү, û, ˾û, ڷͷ챻ɳ˰ɡ
, ϵľƱʱһΣˣɫ˲Ұס
̫ϧˡŷĵһ̾ŵ̴ͷⲻɵƳĿλľ˵ǿӰ
ֻڳıͶоǷëȻоձ
ŷƺڻ֮УûоգֱŴһŷعȻǸЦңʹˣͱȽφ£ǵЩı͹˹֡
˶Ͻֻ̧ϴǿЦ
Ǿ͡ʼɡҲ£óԳԸúȺȣʱӺҵЩöɲףǰɣŷ̧֣һơ
ƽЦȾӣŷǾȾ̫үһãǻЩ
λѶΪ֮˵꣬ŷһĿһһɨµıͣĶһ˿һŹЦٱͬ
ôغģݲ֮ʱЦеŷȴȻһԴˣԣǾ𣿰ѽʲô˵˵
£ò׷ſ˺ȾƵˣЦɲǼϣϯһţ㿴ңҿ㣬صȴûһ˵ġ
ŷһ˫̬ȴ˸۾һһɨһЦ
ôưˣ˵Ŀ⿴ңô˵
ﻹһӺˣվȽŸ˵һȨҲûˡ
뵽˶ˣ̫ү⻹õ𣿺һȻҲûѽ¬֪ɱǶǲͬģϾڲ̡ǹسȴ˫˫Ŷ޳ɣΪģǣǳİոô죿˴ȻֻԼ취˵ǲǣ
ۿŷ¶Цݣ˷׷׸͡
ǰֻϰˣǰĵҲˣ˭Ե˵ǳ͢£ϰʲôϵ
˵еһ̶ӲͨջҲûסԼ˲أĶܱˣ
Ҳ֪úõľǲǵܵç֮ʲôĶܳԵķɳ
ΪʲôͻȻ˵иݾھǣû˵Ҳԭ߻ӣܻϴǱġ
˻Ȼ򣬡ֲãԭǾǻ첻ȥӺѽ
һһŷڶﲻסͷҪΪˡ
Ϊź
ŷЦҲգǴλǩ֣˼ˣҲ֪ǲϣҪ̫֡
ŷڵһ仰һϯѻȸ
ӷ磬һۣһţ岻ãûԳë
죬ϵЦݻţ˲ӵĴͷһ̫ү⡭
Ҫǩְ
Ŀ˸ǿɼĲԸ˽˵˵Ҳˣɷŵֽϣⲻֳɵİѱ
ôλŲǶ˵ԼѴԸôѵƭϷģŷϴЦЦȴ۵ףúܣ˭϶Ǳɳ˷ͷ֪ݡ
һʱ䣬ÿʿˮƨɵµЩסˡ
λǿΧٵֹǺӭӴݵλˣѺأڳĸλϢϢذǾؿͷϵĵ䵽ϣź𣿡
ŷ⻰˵ìܡӺĹٶǱˣǸгϢףԲζȴ֮١
λóϣǰ֪ݺöԸͬ飬ѹ棬ԺֻˡȻ׹ݵͷӦãλԸЩƽƽɫ𣿰
ʣסȻǲٳȥˣЩƵ壬ҲЩ
ģ
Щ񡭡
ƾʲô
ŷ廰ϣԸ⻹Ȳѣⳡϯе˶ûеڶ·ߡ
ŷЦȥ׼ķıɡ
ǣ
żҶ˵ȻȳӺǿī֮ŷʾ£ݸ֮ˡ
Ķǩ˰ɣӡϷһˣһǵ¡
һԥĿ֮£ջһ̾ǩ֣ӡŽīݸһλĴ
ŷ庬ЦţƺгģȻֻԼֻ֪ʱ⣬ֻΪʱ䲻ˡ
Ŀ⿴˶ƽյ֮΢΢һŵ˵ͷ
ÿ佫һؼҲ˺ܶ鶼ÿ쵶ն飬Ūɾˡ
ֻǣ̫עֲ˳
ֶûǩ꣬˴Ҵ̫ܽүˣղ˷֪ݸ
ɲǼ䣬Ҫǩ֮һ٣𾪵̧ͷ˶Լͬؿŷ档
ŷɫʧˣվʣǹأ
Ҳ˶ˣ
ãܺãŷ۽ǳ鶯ϴԶ׼ŭյǳԲˣλǩֵľ뿪ɣô¡
⻰һ㣬ѾסҸϽҴҸǣֻжƽһҲ׼뿪ƺҪ֪ݸŷ壬Ȼһ̫ү
ŷ循ȵؿû߰
ƽ˳ǣ˵϶ԽԽװˣлҪ˵ĺϸһ
˿һϣҲûҪƽ̫࣬ƽЦһЩ̫ү˽˵˵
ŷһס֣Ǿͱ߱˵ɡ
˴յĽŷ̵ص˵ϵҪˣ⼸취Ͻ١
ƽüͷһ壬ʲô⣬ŷ壬Ϊʲô

ĸöƽȻһЩţ
˵ĳŮߡŷ˶٣׶š
ôܣ
ŷͣ˽ŲͷŶƽûпܣʵˣǵĴ㡣
νĴ㣬мɱôıǾǸЦ
дã
ŷɫǾߡ
̶ﻹŻûôڿճ
ⲻǲУŷЦʱǻڹĻ
̶ܳӶǧðŷչһҲ߲ˣǺȥ̫үⲻ˵ġƽ侲˵
ܾ֮ԣǺȻ˸żϣȴûԼ档
ߵſڣŷ忴˿Χƽʱڸ˲֪ػƿڴӲסˡ
ŷżҳ¡
Զƽǰһ⵱Ȼԣһȥ֮λ飬ǲܾ
˿ſѾŷһ˦ӣŴĲ˳ֻǺȻƺ뵽ʲôͷĿⶢŶƽҪô͵٣Ҫôߣ֮ڱã
˵꣬ͽҡ壬һ˦ǰ뿪Ÿ
ƽųıӰ۾Ϻ꣬ôż
*
ҹǰһỰʱ䡣
Ͼ߹үˮѾˡ
̧ͷϻЦţҶһûкúõϴһ裬嶼췢˰ɡ
ǽԶһȥȥ
šӣӶܼˣһѣһʣջ𣿡
ûأע֪ݸĶиġ
ȥΧ֪ݸ¬ɽµ֤ݣ˳ôԸżҾͻס
ǲ˳üĵЩ
ϾŷȥѣҪµʱ򣬺Ȼͣ˵ҵȥҴ㡣
´ѣ磬Ͼŵȥгӡ
㡣
һţ㴫һɡ
Ŷ룬طг粢δЪϢװϵһĴ磬ù˽
㣬ǡ
ҳȥһˣȥŷ岻֪ݸõָ֤ݡпܣ˫ڽͻ
гĻֱıϣҴҶҲˣٵ˵һǧһȥ˺һĽ֣һЩʵˡ
гͷҵĵĵطżһ˽Ҳ½մȥͬˣԿ
ʣֱȥ֪ݸ𣿡
ԡ
ĵȥΣϣͬȥıҲջЩ֧֣żҾͲ̫轨
гЦһѷԴ裬ȻظСһмñͷԻеġģѾδѩȥϡˣ֪ݸϡ
Щ˼Ҷˣܵ
ϽȥЪŰɣµĽǾͺãԡг˵ͳţȥ
ҹ䣬мҵŮȴ·Ѿϰߡ
迴ţܹͷ߰ɣϾȥ衣


77 Ѳ
֪ݸͥ
˿̵֪ݷϱؿǰŻѵʿ, Ŀ׼棬ɫ纮˪, ҹãʲô
æµŹ۲ۡû˵, ǱϵСӺȵ¬ɽͽ, к޹գǰɳҡ
ң
Ϻ׵۾, û, ŭ, Ѿʬδ, λѵҲҪһҲҪŸ𣿡
ö˶˵֪ݣ˵ûûˣ, ¹ڣûϱҪװæָ˵, û뵽ŷֱֲ˵֪ݸٵط
Ѿţ˵һ輫ˣ˿̾ȻҪѺ, һϵŮܵˣ
, ۸¶ĸ, ûԣôе¬ɽʲô𣿡
ָ˼, ͬϵʿ׷ײĿ
ڽ˻, ´ϣԣѰ˼Ѿˡ
ϵ۾ɴ
´ɷ֪ݣӺϣôҲ֪ѽųնŮˣ˵ʲôģҸ㣬綼Ҫˣ׼ˣһСȥɡ
ûһ˫۾ΧʿҪȥ
ȻʱסһͷȴǶƽķˡ
¬ɽͷȢüޣӺŮСƽķˣ¬ɽĳŮǰͷҲˡ
ĸŮǻ࿴˳ۣҲ˲õǵԹǰһ£֪ҵ񼫣๼Ϊ̱˵ġ
¬Ϻ۾۽ǣһ˵ģûŮӵˬʸнŮĽСˮŹ飬һСҵ಻ܷҲֻŮС»ʴ֮ģϿм
ӨӨ⣬˸¶毺õΣĸ˼˲ĳ뵽ƽûбңҲֻ¬ɽġ
ԭ¬ɽŮ̬һҼĽ˵仰Ҫ˵Ĺͷȴϣжá
ϧƽľְ׻ӢǸŮˣЩ껹ûϹʱҲнðڷû˵ŮһģӡĹʵĻ˷θ
̲סһһ
һ¬ϣĿܻӭĽߣ˿˿ˣСӼӣĵŮ
Ȼз֮ˣܱܲôŵû¶Ǹ˭¥ݵŮ˶㰲֡
¬Աʱһŵؿ档
۾ȥܿ𣿶أǯ}ûš
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ʲûŮ˰û뵽¬ϣͷǶԼıѵһվ
治ൢ飬ƣ
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¬ϣָǶģҧŴĬĬػصߣ˵裬ֻء
ͻȻ濴ǵӣүǵҲ˲Ůһͬİɣ
Сӻش𣺡ǣСүصз˺н˼λ˵õĹء
ҼľܵԹתر죬ĽȻûͷûԵؿ佱ǹ
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ҲУһЩǰһ߶ǣԼѶ
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ŷŮ֪ݸѵֻΪ˸լȻҪ¬ɽͿ˽صĶҳκҪİѱ
ޣȻʹѣȴǳнնΪżң֪ݸ¬ɽû֪ģ͵͵µĶҲڵһʱõ֣͵ˡ
Ȼ¬ϻĿҲһɷȻѪ飬Ҳֻ
߶߲ˣ
ǲһ֪ˣ֪ʲôϴ
ٸһҶͷ㣬ԼλֵŮǰǿƵؽϼŮͶͽ
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ŷŶӴҴҸϵʱ§ŶŮصڵϣΧޱʿţҹĵ棬ήңǱ
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硭ϿֳίؿߵĶŮ뺰ž˾ˣһ˾ǵģ
Ŵһŭ£Ļֱӳ˵Ҫʿ֡
Ƽȣڴˣ˭ҷߵʿǰǵ⣬η塣
żһ˽δ˿ɲ٣ľаٺˣûլӵľ͸ˣܶҲֻвˣΪһͬǰ̫ʿݱԵʣһΧլһѲ飬µĿܹǿš
ʲôǿլԺŮ죬죬żˣŴŭɶղһ˵ݣ
ǾͱϻˣֱӴɡʱһͳӺլԺһλɫۣͷڵ˵󻹸һ÷Բ첹̫ࡣ
ĿһһɨŴ׺ĻԺŷϣ쬵ϯǽˣ̫ү
ĸɲǰ첻ȥˡŷ忴ճһŭĵֱʣ㾿Ůʲô
˸ѣСʲô汳վǰɫ䵭Ŀ߰

ŷ岻ɵؿŮֻ治סضҡͷ
Ȼŷֻ꺭ȫŭ˸ɾ
ǵѵʲôˣ
Ƥô㣿
áʲˣŷصصͷעҪżҹȥһˣĿˣƴ˶
ǱǹȥǶвԱУЦ¬ɽǵһżһᷢ䡣
ѵʲôطӺǾǣŷŭƿСʹô˸ҵϷĵҰղѶ£ǻҲߣ
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ûãЩ˽ָʲôֻżҵķԸƽ档
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ɣ
Сӣĸˡ
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ģȻûнУ⡭ƵĵղסˣƾΣʱҲ벻ʲôð취ֻҧߣϺ󣡡
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ɸֵذһۣļ²ΣգͲܳϢһ㣬ôҲѧһѧ˼н򶨣Ϊͷ͸ˣ
ƻͷŴƵƵԼĸףɫԼһǣ
Χ˽Ѿ׼ãɾֵźš
ŷȴﻢ£żӺ̫ˣһѾʲôη֮ġ
Ϊŷ岻ܿƣ˵ĺʲôɳͷж಻һһСС֪ܸ
ٲҲ׶ӣƽӺôܲ׷żȫΨһĳ·ֻӳȥˣӺһжɢôģ
Ŵߴš
ŷɫĿ˸ͷĵһһϣͬ嶼ڳ鶯ź޾⣬棬ʹļ׵£αأұԺƽ
һƾȣ˴
ŷ仰֪ԼĶˣɱ


78 Ϸˣ
, żǶԶΨһһѪһֱ溺˿·, ¸ĳҲ㡾ְأδѵֻǻԶ볯̫ˣʧȥЩִ磬, żǼӵ, ŵҲϣˡ
ŷ³һ, һڱ
ʲô취, ɱżҵ·Ķ
, żط˵Ӻӵҵ, Ҳ̶˵ϻ, ЩǮֻҪҪ, Կɷϣ¸һ·һ·հ, 
⻰һŴ, ͬ, ϶˿
Ȼŷûпһ, ֻעı顣
ֻЦЩҡͷп˾ҺȻЩϤ¬ɽҲô˵
¬ɽŷ岻м˵䲻Ļ£¬ɽżһˣܸģżҶܸܸģżҲܸ
⻰ϴͷΪѿ
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һƻȻԭ̫үɵλϽ
ŷȻ˭ֱ棿
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䣬гϡƴӿ˽Ŀϣ˴΢΢ͷ
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ƶʱɵۣί£ֻĻסѰ
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һ·ŸȥŴûڳϣűĿŷʣôõĻᣬΪʲôҪŹҪɱ͡
ôӳ⣬ȥԷɳ𣿡ŷ巴ӣ
ΪʲôڸżѰ·˭뵽澹ѿеһͷû죬
ڸô죿˺ˣ˲ŹżңúòҳĶֱôߣżûл·
˺ƾ˺ưɣֻû뵽¬ɽҲضǡŷЦȻİǡ
ôʱˣ¬ɽ
ʲô컹ûŷѵ
Ŵһ˲
ŷ˵¬ɽʲôҴҪżң˵֤
Ŵ⡣
ɱ¬ɽ֤ݾ֪ΰ۵㡣ŷ۾ỵ̂Ҫ֤ɽķڷҪżҲضҪ㹻
Ŵ˼
ҶˣǸϽҰ˳ȥٵˡ
ǣȥ죬һǲ⡣
˵
¬ɽ˵ģż֣֮㱻֣ùҲǺˣżʲôϵֺαع̯ӣһȣ
֪֪ʲôݺһץΪǻʵʵؽժȥЩЩ֤¬ɽ͵صĶżҾܶܲ
ϢŴ𾪵ؿŸס
ŷ˵ǣǰԼ
Ŵþûز죬ѵһֱʣΪʲôҪˣ
ŷһ˭ֻƫһأϿ裬ķĶԶ󽫾ôˡӺط͢ȻܲǾԳһã
⡭ⲻܣڡ
ܻãŮ֧֮𣿴˳ҲӦŷԼľûдʹүʵû뵽ʱܵӺ
Ȼ˵һǧһĿǰƾǶżҲ
ȵΣżңǾżҶɡûңҲΡ
ڶҵʱСıײǳ͢γ־͸ż޹ˡ
ⳡģϷˣ֮󣬾ֻʣһ
ŷ˵ۣеĺ塣
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صҹΪͳ츺ȫϢǰѲݣмҽȴֱӻ˸Եӣֻ桭
Сŵվڲ·ϣûҴѡֻĬһȻؿĽżһתһߵȥˡ
Сһ̾£ūһ°
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뵽̾ˣǣҪͿۣܿСү͵ȥɳŹأҲ
ĽŲһ٣ԥƬ̣ҡͷˡ
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ˡ
ǿɲʹϧС̫Ըǵøҳû꣬ȵһһҲûӡ
˾Ͳ΢һҪ¶ԭΡ
ѵеûĶȦӣʱȽǣ
汻Ҳûգ佱һ䣺ҼСԹӾرʹŷߵʱ϶Ӷˡ
䣬ż𣬿ҿһϣܽżҶ
һյƣҹ岻Ҫˣ۾ҲҪˣ
ǣе뿴
뿴Ҳûãûϡһ仰ʹ˷ͷ
Ǻðɣ˯𡣡
һӣŷ˵ԣҲҪȥЪϢˡ
࣬ߡ
ͣͷ䡣
Цţãл߸
ʶ̧Դٵ;˷ԼıӣǸˡ

߳ţͷһۣ谵ĵƹ£軹
žЩ߲
£ҹˣߣСүҲ޷ЪϢСһѡ
ȻŲ뿪ˡ


79 
˴µĻҰ, еطܹ˯ľ۾ζһҹ, ıӣ̾ŻһϾ
Ͼ߽ūѰ˼ŵʱˣҪҪү
кöҪѽ뵽ҹǴ֤ݣ, æѾͳȥ, ʱ䲻, ʱ˿, ֻԼȶ, Ҳ뿴¬ɽµĶ
ȻϹȥʱгڷҹš
裬̧ͷʣô˯һ
ǣ, Ķ˯ţҪæ𣿡
ȻҪ, Щͷۡгü, оЩֵĶȴһճ־սҪۡ
ΪѧĻӣΪȻûұ¶
ɨһֵֻۣЩ
Ϸõż, ϻӣЩ, ӦĿ嵥ͻ֮ࡣȻ¬ɽ˰֪, ôҲֻô㶫
濴뷨, ˵滹У鷿ֵĶˡʱ¬ɽķ˴æ䣬֮ʱЩūͲҵ䣬ӦñȽҪЩżǴѳģҿݣͦҪ˵¬ɽǧϧ
Ȼһˣض顣
ͷãһҵżҵ֤ݡ
ȻҪ£ȴֹˣ߳ӵһŬŬ졣
ƣôˣ
裬ûŵζ𣿡
ֻСӴһʳ˳һð˿˿ɢŹζҩ֭ŷЦСүѾˣպڡ
һƼҩüʱˣôѽ
С˵з˸ģ֪Сүһһˡ
ȰɣҪߴһ
һ̾ðɣûоܾȨ˹ҩһ£ӹСӵӣĨĨ죬׼ɻּŬ졣
عͷʲô
ֻСӽһʳд򿪣˳һ棺š
ӡ
΢΢һӣȻûԾܹˣ𣿡
˵ͷʾܾˣӡ
濴ԹԳ棬ЦЦ
Сһĸӣʱҵ»һɵˮźĿõЩ顣
񣬾ͲհϷһˡ
ȫ̿г磺˵Ļûλÿ졣
ǲ̫Щһ棬һţʱʱ̧ͷһЦʼնûתۣΪ㣬ȻֲһֶĻС
Щֿ֣⣬üͷܴᡣ
ʱҴӰ
£ȴǮδѩˡ
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ɫһҵ𣿡
¿ӣҲһͬȥ
ǮҡͷʱûУ
ô˵
Ӻеƹ˵֮ǰǵʱ򣬺˼ųĻ˳̽סֻΪ֪ʲôʱ뿪Ӻ˴Ըǿ߼ѹۣԳɽࡣǾգ½ǣ֮ҽ˵һ̶ӣв˳̿ʼӴˣ
Ǯ˶٣֮ǰƹ½ƹƹĶ󣬸꣬ǳϤµķԸǵϵĺˣ̸
ô죬᲻ݾߣʡ
ǮҡͷᣬλƹҪŻ棬ɶֳɵģļ۸ҲʺϣʵҲżԳɽܿ죬ֻҪ̿Խס˵ɫأǣȥʱ˱ˣ
ʱ²ǲ
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ԣӺ̵Ļˣһҹ֮䣬Ҽ۸ס
ŷѾʶʳˣú˾콫ߡ˵ſǮ𣬡ϼ𣿡
Ǯԣƹǻȥ棬ΪãҲû˵λƹҪĻӦеġǻżҵļ۸ϼӣúԥԴסû⡣
ü죬ǲеţг硣
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ʱе㲻ˡ
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гͷԡ
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濴ŷ跢۾صصͷãнô
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۾ʣ¾ûⷽ˲𣿡
С
أ
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һ̯ûˣʱûˡ
ǧ㣬ǧû뵽˸ҪɶûɶĻӣǰؾȻֶûУ;˲żüѽ
ǲࡣ૵طҸйĶѡ
ӡ
Ǿ͸үдŰɡ
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裬Ƽˣ
ͷԣѡӺؾûЩˣүȻѾźָ㣬Ȼˣðײá
ûġ˵üЩԸſײͷѪȻȣŲ»𣿡
ҡͷЦˣ£ҵ˼үһټ˲ŵĻᣬ
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˸ңҲҪˡ
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ʱŴ
ŷִյյߣһ򣬡Ǳˣʲôʱߣ
Ŵ¶ΪѣЩ̰ᣬѾ˼ߵļ۸񣬿һӺ̻˸׵Ͷҡˣ˵ٵȵȡ
ŷɬȻƷκθζŷ³ˮʲô˻Ҹżԣ
Ӵǵһ̶ӣ˿ҶдģǲƴֵĴ̼֡
ǹʱ䣡ŷˣû˵Ҫɱ˭ܲ
⡭мפɳŹأǲɱİɣ
ǲܣҪҵżҵ֤ݣ⻹𣿡ŷ̧
Ŵʱƿԣ˵Ѿ˳Ƕ̸ˣǱ֤죬֮һӦüɣ
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ŷһ̾ȻʣЩأ
磬һ󲿷ֵ˳ǣ˵ȥɽȥˡ˵Ŵ˵Ӻɽ죬һߣͶǵвɾСˣǸᡣ
ŷ˱۾ԸˣǾͶʱ˸Ҷš
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Ϊ׵һĿ࣬ݺʵĽϣС˪̲סǲеţǧӪȫˣ̤ƽӺ
ӺҲǧսԲܸɳŹصʿȣοǳ¶ɴļӪūֱӲӲľ
¶˵ⲻǵ֪ǰū˭֪Ҹ˾ѾˣȻˣǸɴһˣ⣿
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¶ɺٺһЦĿңԶĳǳأޡ
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80 Χ
轫¬ɽµ˲嵥żһһȶ, ˼Ǻţᡣ
żҵĲ֤ݣӺҴ󻧵İѱ, Щߵź˲ῴѵǼΪ顣Ϊʱ䲻࣬ҲԵѾһæ
Ϊĺˣ±һǱಡķ軹һЩ
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Ŀ, һԲ¸߹գ׵ҹעƽ
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ͻȻƵĲ, 죬ֻһֻһֻձǣ˳, ϶ųĸء
һ㡣ڰѹߴٵ
¹, Բ̹ǲ, ҫǣѣ谵̶ӴƫƧֵŶȥ
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ȻŸջ۽֣ͻȻɱһʿסǵȥ·
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ԼһЦ
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ŷȵ̫ʦϣ۾·ŴѾǰţź뿪
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Լʲôʲôͺ沨ۣ֮޷ƿԼǰķֻһߵڡ
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ԶԿͳԿܹһǧʿٳµģϡƴߵģޱµģҲˣһס޷ı࿹
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ĵĻ˵ᣬ֪ʹôˣΪʲôôĿ
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һǧӦ棬ĺƺƵؽ˳ǡ


81 Χ
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˿ŷ˵ϴ˵ط͵֡
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Сʱˣ˲⣬۾ҪСġ
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ٶΣС˯ߴҪСү
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Щһʱ佫ŮǳסˣǺܿСһ񣬴۾ˮۣž۴ţŸ磬ҪŸ硭
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㲻֪жȴֱײͬŵҲĵڵأ۵ڵ.һʱ
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൱żҵ˽ҲܸľӶԿ
ܡܡʱ䣬мε
˿еķȣΪǵ˳ᢶЦŷ벻ףɲ벻ףӪѾˡ
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˺˵ͷһҲ£ָҲк˹ȥʱŤһ
һߴһҺ˵Ⱥ˽˽ĹεĶҪǣһ䵽زʱ򻹸вңʲôвҪǴһ˭Ҳӣ
ŵ÷УάһԶ֪òò֡
ŷֶҲ̲סô˹ȥ
¶ɿһţҡҡͷг磬磬Ҳһ٣
Ȼױȴѵɨǣܵһˡ
й£ø塣
ֵܵĵ罫ҲæĥΪֹû֣ˡ
ԶԶԡ
ĺڼʿһһó¶Ƥ鶯г翴ͷû˵ܻġ
Сشֻ̨ܵԽԽࡣ
¶ƤԼĺӣͦͦأһ˼ûС
гü
¶ɳɵЦ
г޿̰ףһۣŸʲôû˵ĻȫѲ
¶˲˫վֱǡ
ŷ˾ر۾
*
ڵȵ˺ϢһҹƷ¡
Ҷͷ㣬ÿ˶ܸˣֽкá
ллأż㵹ˡ
Щӯ֮ˣЩ֤ݣϧ
˵Щ񣬾ǳİܺõȥ㿴ŻǸС֪أŪü𣿡
£ЩһӲˣҲܹˡ
һһߴߴһû˯ʮ㡣
һЦţµڣһյˮȥ
ѶǲǸЪϢˣ
˵һһβ;͹ˣȻѾץˣδҹζ࣬Ҳץʱ䣬Щ֤ݼʳԼ˵Ŀڹżٲ
¬ɽĸۡҳżѾȫ࣬˼ǺţĺϸνһĿȻ
̧ͷݲ޳ɵĿ⣬̲סҶӶˣԵ㶫˯òã
ǹŲȥ˯᲻֪СϷ
Լ˵ӻܺ𣿡
ȫˣͷЩֻͣһβͽˣЩᡣ
ϵֿţȻһԴˣأūȥûУүٵȵȣһȺ˯
ݿЦˣѾ˳ҹҲںʱ䣬ү콫꣬ÿȥɳŹأ𣿡
԰ˣϾܼүˣ
ү϶㵽ɣǰɣ
ִűͣһ£ȻӦš
Χŷ˵ŮЦˣ˶ˣʱ
лл
½עǰֽϣֻȻ뵽Լ;ϾҪ֪Ϊʲô÷ǳ᲻á
ôˣ
ٳٲʣݹеʡ
عЦû¡еѡ
*
صݵʱɫѾˡ
ϻ˿˿մ¶ˮʪëһ·糾ͻǣ·磬ó緢
˷ĵͷߣӺȫ˵㣬ɲֵø
ֵǣ·ʿֱֻ̧̧֣ӴҴȥ·ʲôҪŴһ㡣
ֻСŸСӲܲ׼˼ɡ
СӰȶ̣һһˮûȣֱҪ۵Ķ˵λСүôܻɵȻѾЪϢˡ
ֻһϷ裬ͷɵҲѣֱһղ˷ǰ
ȻŽգ޶ȫЪء
ɵñһվڷǰ㶣Ȼʶ϶õ˺Ϣĵ˯ˡ
뵽ɵſһƺЩԥ
ỹݿ˰ɣСĵӱ𣬡Զ˾ˣ̫϶£˼Ͳдˡ
СⱲӴҲʱѡ
ðͷôˣõת˽ż⣬ûе£׼ˡ
ֻŲϤӱ
¡
ͷһܹѿڶ˵ʣģүû˯˵ţĿͳǷȥ
СҲǾȣԷ壬һѾܲãѲɲͷһͷȣλСүʵҲô˼Ȼôأ
еһ룬ҡͷûУү˯ˡ
ŶЩʧһ룬ȵڣض֧ŲסȻˣеʣʲôʱ˯ģǲǺ
ǰȰܶΣү˵ûƽϢ˯š
жʱܹһһʶؽǡֺǸˣӶǷ赣ģֱ
Сס̿
ռЩΪѵ£費ҪСĽȥһ
òãȥ̰֣³ûֱһ񶨣ͻȥˡ
նʱһȷܲԸò˯µķٽѣл£ү˯ǰ÷ˣҪֱá
صԼķ䣬̾ͳȥȻ룬űżᣬ滹и˵
СӾȼˣǡ
濴˿Цһõ֤ݣһҪżһЩǺ̳ԵʳĿµľӺңЩνµ¡
СүȻˣ
淺ĿʱЩ۵ظּ˵үϲϲ˭ȥ
Ϊľ
ӣȥҳĹүĸģôۣûа취ܹٵԽ·Խߡ
Сһ֪ΪʲôۿеᣬӦūס
ȥɣһ


83 
ҹ, ޹ĴҪЩصʳ߻ǵظϳǺֱ֮ϻա
ںʹ£Ųǣ, ͵, Բǡ
һʳ±ȥ, ԲŻܵ, һˡ
һ, ̷̧ȭͷ, ش󺰣ֵǣˣ
ˣ
ɲǼ䣬쳹ʡ
ϣ, ȵӣܻع
ԲϲȺദôӣԽؿеĶƣΪƶ޷ŴһҲµıϡζĥֻҪһϣĹ, ܹ
ģǾܰǿƶлͷ޵, ž;ˡ
šȻ, ޱһ
Բͷ, ֻޱͷϢ, żѾȫ, ͬŴҲںﱻץס
ԣԲʱԭأ˵۾رˣżӺʵһ㣬Ȩ죬޷ŭȴ޿κΣȻȻһҹ֮ȴ߽ˣ
ϴɽƺῪƣ˲һɨգĨһ˵Ľｻ㣬ȥ¡
ޱͷǲϢһǲξģ켸ҹҲû£Щ˹Ȧһʵҡҡ׹ĸо
лĽģ¹ٲۣϢʲôⶼûˡԲһ˫ʪ۾
ޱյʿȥݡ
*
ȷʱѾͣƺǷһΣص嵹˲٣Ǹͷ
˴Ҵҵϴ֮󣬾ݵȥ˻û˫̥һһߴߴټõĴȤһӿж֡
治˼ʯͷûдĺÿҲˣզֻһδѩʧ˵ϲҵġ
ҪҪҲ˵ϲأҾ֪֮˼ȡ겻
ǣһʯͷôˣĥģҿŶۣ㻹
أСֶĥƤˣҪæûãɹˡ
㲻Ҫ͸¡
˫̥һһ䣬˲佫δѩϻ￾δѩŭˣҾͿЦǻˣզãûż죬Ƥ
Ƥһ˵ɣҲҪ
£ͷᣬɽǡ
ôĿˣҰǴ
󲻴Ͽ£򡣡
ҵǹأ
죬˭һѣҲҪȥ㱻ſ£Ŵ
裺
ѵмҵĴͳ𣿡ǰҲһƵ
һ̧ͷֻվǰ˲ĿԣЦӦ˰ɣͷһܣ˵ȽϺá
ĬȻǽʵࡣ
⡭ðɣ˴䣬ˣ̣ĽƺҲᣬԡ
ԸпҲ̫۹ˡ
裺֪ΪʲôһָͬܵζѲҲ
뷨ˣĿ΢΢Щ£ѵʣǲǿҡۿĿ⾪ɫӵزĸˣ
ŵһûȥҡͷûûҲҡ
ʲôΪɶſڣǹδѩɻ
˫̥ɵ裬裬ѽЩ𣿡
⻰ĿҲ˷ϣûôأɫһֱĲ԰ףź˳Ӧûʲô󰭡
ش𣺡лģû¡
СĵǾͺãͷ󣬿ȥɣСҶС
ʣ󣿡
С˪˵ǴʹĹŮˣСر£ۼҵС
辪ȣѽ
ţġ˵꣬˫̥δѩš
ȻѾͷţҲų
ΨһİľǴźµĿ󺺣гվ߶˲ֹһͷĿˣվ¶ɵǰĸСƵġ
򡣡̧̧
СܰеС¶˵ʶطˣ涼ЩˤʹƤʵѾͷȻһʱü۾£ȫɢҩζһ֪᲻زõ꣬Щ֪ôԴˡ
룬ӻͳӵݹȥŮרģ˵岻ãصѡ˿ůĥģСܣӦûϵɣ
лҺϲӹ̲һϵϵĹҼЦһ·ˡ
·ʲôƽƽͺá󷽣û¶ɲһ
ûϡǿӸʱҲй˵ĳëԾǵķҲǷˡ
ҩݵһ仰΢΢һ̾߹ȥ
ŬŬ죬̧룬˵͸ˣƽƽ
¶ɼզզ࣬ҩһ֪ˣСÿ춼ú𣿡
г룬ԡ
һúȼѽ
гͲ֪ˣȻһߵ˵һ룬Ƿ纮壬;üӡ
¶Ŀɿڴ
Ȼ˵ƽʱΪ˹̱壬óҩţζզģԲܺȲ裬ˮڡ
¶ţһͷͷͷǵ棬תͷг磬Ƶղ˵
㿴ۼϸĵ𣿡гȻ
ǡһΪɶô¶д˲⡣
гĬȻ൱ĸӣⲻ̫룬ͬ°ɡ
ԭˣǳ¶ܾòԾ
ݲϸ룬ͻ½
ĩڡ
񻪹ǲҲѲ˸ϵ
ôһʣҲ˹ߺٺһЦɳŹعܲ񻪹أôʳ˳ȥأ
ͷˡ
£ȻѾ£ȻôӪ֮ڻɳŹظ
ΪһȵţмҾɳǧӪǾڴ̫ͣãнᵳӪ˽֮ӡ
¶ɵ˼֮ڣżҺͺ˵¶ƽк󻼡
ҲͬʱζŷҪмҾһ뿪ˡ
治ɵĿ裬ҲĿ֮Щ˵
ջߣ˵ǾλסĵطΧˡ
ĩ
һͬ鷿ԶϵıײԼһһĽкмҵ˶ͦãĸȷġ
ӺطҲվȽŸ֮󣬻ϱȻԵ¹Ŀ࿴
ԳǾеֵ
ҲǼ£ˣ񻪹صؽô죿ʡ
뷨
ͷȱ
ô˵
Ѿʼˣݺͣ˳أߵūӸӲùһӦûԭҪ游Ǹʱ
ˣ񻪹سΪ·
ףţҲɳŹؽͻ׵ĵطҾ񻪹ʡ
ǲǸøһ£
Ȼµȵȡ
һӦ£á裬Ǳߣôźã
˼żָʹ¬ɽܹͨ۴ǶԺȴôɱ˾͵Ӱ˳ĺƽ˵˳̶ӱȽϼѣ˳ָ̻Ÿ
ǾôŹҲ̫ˡ
̷޷ƲãǾͲþֶΡЦ겹
治⣺ţ
¬ɽȻϧǰٻһ£ҺĲӵУأ˵̶֧Ӵ˶ʲô۸嵥űȽö˶˵ùļ۶ûУǰͣĲ۵Щ̲ϡ
ǿϴһǮЩ̱Ȼ
ΣڵûǮǾ͸ɻظ֣ȱ֣ԹծҲԿǣغ⡣
һ뵽ǸЦˣؿŷ裺裬࣬Ạ̊́ûǮҲҪ취Ǯ
ôûǮأЩסӺĳϯ¬ɽÿܴһʽǴǶĻ¸Ŀ΢˼˵Ҫ˿ֻţֱӽЩϯһѶˣӺӦܳʵܶࡣ
ЩƣȱԼ¡һƨǵǼ廹뵱ͳһ㣬󲻾֮ﲻ֣鷸Ƶ֤ݣһܡ
һ̯֣ʵܽżѾܲˣӺҲҪһӣͲҪ濪ˡ
ͷǾͳüӪڣŻŻǣԺЩ˶ʵʵ⣬ǰһŶûС
Цס
˵ţſ£Բ
濴裬ߵӦΪżҶ²ӽ졣
°ͣżҵ³ɾͲϼӲඡ
ǵԲ׾Ŵ
ЦΪͨϷ壬ǲ˱ǵµĶ䡣
Ǿͽ˳㽫ӺĹһˡÿǷܹݰ£˽Ҳ֪Сˡ
ˡ
ͷͷԸӣү˼ȥ֮ڣżҵİӶ£ˡ⣬ųϻ⡣
ū
ԲſСӴ˼¹ٶл£Ȼ¡ɵǻǿ飬ųϣҲһ׷żһϣ


84 
¬ɽ, żҼҵ㸲˳ǵıǺˡ
뺺˷ֿ, һ㻥, Ҳͷ˳¶ɰΧ, Ӫһһźڼ, ɷ, վŲ־㹻, ǵͷսսһ֮£Ҳһ˶ϡ
ƽΪϯ֮, 뾡취ͨؽҪòڰõظ˰ϯ磬صĺȫóŷ˳ơ
¬ûȴΣֻ˵Ӧǲϲģվû࿴һۡ
֪ݸۡʱĲ, ƽ룬ֽ˶䣬Ӧ֪, λǴ˳Ļ, ¬ɽȨ, , кӹ
¬ɽû, ƽȻҪջԴá
亣۾Ŀ΢촽һ䣬á
磬Щ棬мԷ㡣
¶ɴһѹȸʮ㣬ӪĽ˭˭ǮǱץ׳˭
гδѩ
˵ѾƿڸǵյӺܲͬ
ҲԳһϺأ
Ǵɷϯģ˳衣
ǽذϸĲһգɫϼҵ赸תĿˣɳŹغѼ
ýζǱϵλɷѡͷ⡣
뿴Ϳ£͵͵ĸɶδѩЦ
Ǯ̧ͷ˵˵öԣ𣿡
һͷгֲǳģʲô
¶ӣû㣬ҾǲԺ˾ӪҲٿӢС
гһۡ
ΨһǰľǷ裬ΪಡʿЩζԽ㣬Խ̼ζ٣ͶԽ̫ѺãֻӸɿţȴܳԣ
迴λϳԵĽζ棬֪ΪͻȻһӵĳ嶯
ȿȡСɤӣ߻ͷͼС̫Ƕһۣ˳ȥͼ趢ǰ˺Сȣе峺ˮƣζѾƣһĿޡ
óίϡĺ趼뿴ˡ
ۣɵʣ΢һӦûϵɣ
Уϻ𣬲˶٣εﲻá
հҹѾݲˣٲض÷쭡
Ҳ̫ˡԳ¶ɵͬ飬ľţҾƣɶܳԣ˵Ȥһ룬ŷŴſƣû棬ͶС
ҪҲ磬Ŀ϶ܲˡ
δѩʣܳɶ
Ǯ˿ϴӵؽóЩٵİײˣش𣺡ҶӰɡ
ˣ
յүʵСĴˡ
˺ȣﶼͻ㣬ȴѵС࣬ⲻǸӿˣ
Ǿͳ˰ɣҲԣһӡ
ˣҲˡ
Ϊ˷ôˣΪмˣôܷԣ¿Ӻ͵ߣ¡
±ߵĺ˿ƽ̲סʣ£λǲθ𣿡
Ǯʹûԡ
гȻˣ̸̸¡
ǣǡƽ˻ֹ֣ͣ׷£ָΪ׵Ķʹ˸ɫ֮ǰȫ˶üۡ
ǶĿ棬չĶ˵Ц.ѩ׵ĽŵһȻ
ʳܵ游¬ɽȻῡĸԸ˵Ů춼ûѵˡ
ֻһͷͿ𷢱ѩŮߣһЦŰ˫۾Ҫ§
Ȼһŭ𣬡󵨣滹û˵Сߵǰһֹסˡ
˵ڳĶ֮ˣƯ輧Žճϣ˭֪ǳλġ
㵱ˣҲûκ˷ԣֻû뵽Ϊ̣СӾȻôӦŵö䵱ԭأ⡣
СӷӦֱܲţ˽զ죿Ȼ֪ûɶδһүأ
߿üͷǳ
侪ȵؿ棬òΣ˾ܾ°治£Ҳ˾飬Բ̴ӵĻԲ£ſܡ
Լˣʱ滹Ǵͺϧġ
ʱЩ޴ɵƽ
߱ţæǶð˵𣿡
㣬ô˷£ϲŮ˵飿ܲ⣬֮ǰ¬˵Ҳһܲ΢е㵣ȥ·ձ˵ˣ©ŽŲ𣿡
ö۾̫ˣ˭ں䲻䣬ĸϣԽԽãҪĶУ΢΢ЩֻǾĻϧ񣬱̲ס˹ȥڣͲ䡭
㲻䱾䣬ȥ
ԲҵŮ˱ͬ飬ɲ޵ߣľǵôߵˡ
俴ǰ˶û˼ҲԾһ񣬹ϵת¡
¶̲סг巽⼸仰Ǹӡ
˷׷׵ͷ
ĶŮƺγһȻ󣬿жܿⱳԭûе
費֪ΪʶһС͵͵Լɵظһ΢Ц
ʱҲˣҲˣƽǼôԼɣǱΪ飬ͬԣôǲźʰ
ƽģͷ˿ʮλϣ˴˷׷ʹɫ˵𾴵£ðȻ֪Դ˳˵Ǽ£ȱȱˮлỺԼѹطڵҲôģ¼¡
澪ؿǣǵ˼ôˣ
ƽڨЦ£ʳѾԭԭͻˣһŶûߣȻ۸ͣҲһʲٵӣ¬ɽżҼȻ˼ңĿڴȨТˡ
軹˵ƤǽǱһ򡣡Цʲô뱾ĿڴǺôĵӣң
ˡС˵ˣƽæҵԸӵµָʾûȻѾ˳Ѫ׼
ü⻹࣬Ǯƹ񡣡
ǮЦվ̧̧֣˽һ˲̧ߵм䣬ΧȭЦеλӦϵңǮд󶫼ңλ̶Ӷֵ»ȥ̶ӣѽԸλĲߵ۾͸ˡ
һǮ̲ס˳ƤλԴӰмңԵλ֮ⶼ˺ᣬµˡµжƭ
¬ɽ˰֪ݣ˰ǰͣ¿˿ʵ̫׬ǮˣӺ̶ӶɶҲɣ÷ùļ۸۷ϼȥλĽ
ǮڨЦ
ǫˣʲôǮ·ȻǳȥҲ³µҪ󲻶࣬λǰĲ۲Ͼˡ
һꣿ
Ǯͷ꣡
Ӱ̲ס
ӣǮ𲻿ȵأôǰľûһΣ
⣬¬ɽҲЩѽƽ͵
浭˵¬ɽѾˣ磬Ըصȥۣ
һֱߵĳ¶ϵĵЩþ˵磬ĵеСˣǰѲų֡
гױţҪԿ
ˣǳ.в
ƽ£Ǯƹ̶Ӻȴ˳װһ·ԽɳĮƹʱĸ£еķպʧ̫ˣԼе
ǰǰȻ˼ɲҪġ
Ǯ˰֣Ե¶⿪ûҪǰȥļ۸㣬ֻӺⲻְɣ
ǡ
ҲһӴӣ갡ʵ̫ˣ
ٿˡһ°ɣ꣬Σ
ʱȥȻгأˣ»úõظ˵ǰżԴǾ͸øеҡѲλΪ⣬ûˣ˵ǰ꣬ʮ꣬ǸøҲøôҪ̫ˣ
źóԵĳԲϣֻĬĬغ࣬ѾܲˣЩ˾ȻƯŮˣ۾ʵ÷⻰ԽϬ
ȻԼҲ֪ŮΪɶͲˣҪĻǡԣŮԡ
Ϊ˳»Ŵ˳Ӧλ򣬿ɲڴУȻģΪѣǾ͸ɴ໻һģλΪ𣿡
ĺǳУƿԡ
˵ķӦǵԤУû뵽ᷢ쭣ûˣܲʶоӺ쬵ġ
裬ôˣ
򴽣Ȼ󲻸˵ܿܳԣģ
ԭԭ򡭡ˡ
¶г磺ǲеԩզ֪ô
ôôܲܲҪʡг粻ͷ
Ϊɶʣ¶Щί
δѩĵðһɫûС

ԭҪ𣬷ۼ費˾ˡ
濴Ϊѵĺͨ뺣ˣոӣ͸ȥǮûУСˣһӶ٣Ǽû캦°ɣȻڱĵϣ͵ð˳죬
صص˶ƽĳƺţ֣úߵɫױˡ
һӶ٣Ҳ˵ĸòӣǶѲ˸ϵ
½
ĩڡ
ˣ̶֧ӽǮ壬ͷߣ̫ɽ֮ǰµľֱѺͳȥġˣ͸ȫ£Բú󡣡
¶ɺٺһЦĩ
Ǯƹ񡣡
Ǯ¡
鷳գǸˡ
·ģһһ嶼١
˵ͷſǣǾͶлǿλϢ裬ߡ


85 
Ϊ, ҪʱûҲȷܱӡ
İǮȥծһ, ں˵Ŀ, ˵ͷ, ˡ
лƹģǿԡ˵Ŀⲻɵڿ絶ĺڼʿ, Ц
δѩ¶ɵķһ, ˣаɣ
¶̧̧֣ʾ֪ˣһ, װȥ, ȫڱӪؼϣ̻ɳŹء
ǡ
ƺƵļӪձеĺ̲סĨһͷϵĺˡ
δѩǮصݵʱ, üмǽվҪ뿪Ӻ, Ȼǰ׼
, ôоˣǮռһĳɻ
Ǹо, Ƕˡδѩ϶˵, һ, ùӺð춫𣿡
Ŵ߳ϡ, ҡͷûУùҲڷأʵ̫ˡ
ϡƴǰɽѾսЩҾ춼ˣ·
ģδѩȵ
ϡƵͷһѵҩģľϺõ˿̼ҲһЩƤӡڻڰأùþܾܾˡ
˶ȥֻĹָܼææµµ嵥һᶫһһװˡ
Ϊɶ
ΪǸġгҲ߳
δѩһͲˣо仰˵ˣ㣬㣬ǲλ¶̫һ·ϣЩĺǰһɶæﲻϣҲˣ˭òĳأŮб𣬲㡣ģȥɳŹػҪܣЩ˶Դ費ãԴ
г磺
ϡƣ
ԭһ
ǲ̫ƫˣǮһԵСôòӦõġ
Ȼõ۾ˢһ¿ȥǮͷƤˣ嵥˵ʹܼõģҿŶϡҩĺͲƷɳŹصȷûСЩ˿̼˵عͷ򣬾ƷҲãǮּߣ䣬͵һ㹻ȹˡЩƤë˭Ӷѽ
Ǯܽһ£ƣȷչ˲ĵط
˶ʱĬһ£˴֮Ŀӹ졣
ǮΧͷëôˣ
Ǵզģøй𣿡δѩһۡ

δѩɸֵǵĶ벻ЩһΪɶ뵽ôȫ
Ǯһʣʱඥȭͷƣ԰
ϡƵȷǸкӣҶͼ
һеģҪ⻰ŵ亹õˡ
ǮڨЦɲҪ˵СôĶԸչûëҪʲôѵûоԾô
⻰мֵ
гͷˡ
ǮǷʣǾͱˣ˵ǱѾȫ壬Ҫȥ
ϡƵĲɣߡ
أ֮ǰš
г˶٣ȻҲڣձ´ˡ
δѩޣ
δѩ̵һǾú֡
Ǯ𶼲֪ôˡ
*
ߣŷȥһСԺӣˣ
Ȼס衣
Ķص֮ǰҲһ߽ȥĿһ˻ڳ
ЩϤһȦȻϳˣͷɻʣôС˲١
ûлشųµˣ𣿡
ˣһԣģСٵһ˵ţһߴŹߴӳĨһͷϵĺȺһߡ
һۣȻػع裬裬
˿̣ǷٳٶۣҲʶȻڰæ֮ΪһϧԼĺݸˣ
֪ԭأжͬʱһ˵ͷһʱʴӡ
̧ͷؿֵȴˣȴ֪˵ʲô
ôˣ潫ǰ˵ݡ
ĿֻϣӵӺȥɳŹѾû·ˣмҲʣʵûҪ
Ѿˣ㲻Ϳϧˣ
ȭͷСһԺ޲ȥһѣǿסû֨
裬ϲ𣿡ڴЦݣ֮ʧ䡣
÷ΣԼǾܾʵ̫֪ôţԥ֮ս˹ȥ
۾ʱˣЦݼһסֽ˳
ΪƣĿռСһһĸɾ࣬ҵкӣ˿Ŷ
ߵ£ߣߴٵ
谵һ˽ȥһأ׵ĻȻԼȻô졣
֮ǰͬһ£ûκβڣЩֽŲ֪Ķţܾ̫֮дڸУ̫Ӱȫë
򴽵裬룬ֻϣ˳صɳŹأΪ·;
صͷЦǲ֪λر¡
ɵϣرʲôƽƽĵͱʲôˡ
濴ؿڳϣʵı˭ţ룬һô裬ϣһЩ
ҪģˣҲȥҪֻϣԼСĸȥģΪѡ
⳵
衰šһ
óڡ
СͷţȻɶû˵аԼʹһѾ̶ųһҪˣ
ҪƺеˣѡϰʽԭʮþСӵԲ۾£Ҳɵؽ⡭Сľ
Сشɵ硣
յɻ죬΢΢һΣʼǰ
Щģȥõ߻ǵߣǾͰˡ
һ·ϣһ㶶ţ۾ǶüͷľᣬһȦ֪ûûá
£Сү
ͷСӵ
ˣô죿Լûϸϸܣƺ࣬ǳڵƽòҲ˵裬ô
˵ƺ˵㻺塣Ϊ˲Լ˼룬ϸϸظܹˣĶĶˣװ˵ɰɡ
һ䣬澪ȵؿɣ˵Ȧô֪
а֮̽ǰľԺ󣬾Ҫȥ
µĺϣȷȦɫĽƬȽϴ֣óڵĹҪнǿĵԺԱȽϲס
ǹ˵ǻ治˵˵ġ
ҪҵƬװɣ
СӴ˵뷨֮үÿУԵĸѵãĴңòżҵĿⷿҵӣ˵ǴѺýģúʡ
治˵СӾбҪ÷֪Ϊ˵ĸ
Ȼʱ˵ֹؿ棺¡εºܰ
ذڰ֣ˣȥģʱЩֵˣôࡣ
ܲ
һ·Ĳ䳵չˣǾöԷ֮ͣ˴Ե֡Ǹ⣬Լм֧֣̹Ȼܡ
Ȼֵܣ΢׽һЩҲûʲô
һΣǳΪѾֵܾܽ͵壬ڱ꣬ڿ˼ֺã÷費֪Լʲôȥ
Ҹòû
*
ڶ磬мҵĳװ
װͣڳӵм䣬ûоܾҲҲܾɡ
ͣг߽һһ𣬡лλһ·˳硣
¿ˡгǱȭ
зˣʺãлᣬ԰ݻ˼ҡ
ıʵԿǰǸèӵ߻ӣǷǷ·ģһ
Ŀ⿴ߵķ裬һ衣

ȥɡݵ˵ͷѾ뿪
濴ŴЩڵķ裬˵ɳŹأ˸űƽ
һһ
֮ǰ˵ˣҪǲϰǱ߾Ӻ罫֪ݸĽһ£סӦȽʱ
Էͷ˿ƵмҽãЦţ⻰ɲý
ҵ
˵ãҼˡ
űԡ
ƺһж淢ַڶͷβû򴽣Ȼˣ´Ҳôˡ
辪ȵ̧ͷֻ߿Цұϣˣš裬Сû˭ùǷõ͡ԭҰɡ
⻰ֱ΢ˣ뷽ɬζȻԼܹ֡
ôҲΪͷεĶԴԼȴ飬ʲô
뵽ӣϻһЦݣЦԲҵ⣬߸磬ҺϲллΪ룬һúϧ
յЦĶʱϲͺãһ·ء
ء
ͷ滹ɵػ˻֡
ʶҲֻ̧ӶţĿ׷Ӱһֱ˻

ʱ£ڷֿˡ
Сӿվſھþŵ棬һ̾£ذɣСүˡ
ޱ꣬пүҪͺˣҲܸߡ
С˵ǸߣҲȥмҴţһᱻġ
ͷһۣ˵ʲôأ
СӼѶӵԼӣղСүѷ֣ûλнĿⶼر⣬ūſõսľ
һɣүܿˡ
ūž鲻࣬Ҳָ֪һϵûС
棺˵
ģֻҪǸˣ˫۾óСүͼı졣С£Һ÷ֿˣȻӪýˡ
ô


86 
ᳵемҳ˽ʮǰ, ƺƵƣ·Χۡ
֮ǰź˼룬ûкúÿ, ȻС, ƥҲһĸΪ˶, Ķȴȫ
ﰲһ嶷Сһ򿪣ǷõϵСһЩСʳ, ϸȻ⼸ϲԵĶһѸͽζɵǡ
嶷һ, ŵǼ, ǻӼǣŲ, ·ϴʱ䡣
ط, ¯ӵûˣ·ߣµʱ򵹷, ¯Ļ
Сڳ£¿, ʵı̯ܵӸ, ֮ȫҲϸġ
һ߿, ָһ߻ÿһ, ζӳ£ǰֵЦԶԶ뿪
֪ΪʲôǰȴøԼҪȥϸ̺⣬Ȼ˼ѿأֻصӺ
ȻһͣųŴˣֻǮ˽
ع񣬾ȵ򣿡
ˣУҶ˼ǳ˳ǣ裬ɣ
ǮȻѯţѾˣȻһƨСһͷ˫һ죬һ̹
ЦõȻ⣬ֻҪӼͺá
Ǯû£Χ͵»ãôôõĳôˡ¶һ£Щ֣˵ͦôûоƨɣ
װ˵ɣл֮
ֲãǮҲȥܵʲôֻ˵һ˿벻Щ㻹˵ǴĴ⣬·ϵܣưչ˵棬Щʵڲ
ǮδѩϳΪѣϹ룬Ŀһһİ裬ٸرʳ̶֮󣬶ʱûԼĴ
δѩ׼ˣ˴һһ⣬Ȳľ
û˼ҷһӵ˵
Գ˳ǣȻ˵ûôϸġ
˵ǮһСȻȵؿŷ裬ҲоԾˣ
˵ͷֲɵӣͷεضԴôûо
װɵ
ǮʿˮСʣ㲻Ҳ
ҡͷȻһ¶Ҳ֪
⡭Ǯ˲䵹һ裬ǧҪˣǾʹ˴ס
Ŀһۣʵû룬ҲŲ룬ɽһһģҲҲˡ
Ǯһ飺⻹Ĵˣ
ʣǶѽ
Ǯʹͷô۵һֲϹӣ˵ͽͱ񡭡裬Ҳˣȥ̶ûôģ

ùöǹˣ϶ҲˡֻǱԸ˵·Ū˼룬Ծ̽̽ڷ硣Ǯ˵꣬ᣬƺҲŪɳ׾ˣñˡ
迴Ǯ𷸳ģЦû£һЩӱܲˡ
ǣô죿
ɻô죿Ӻײ뿪ǰɳŹأʱҲӦûİɡ˵˶٣ͷȻЩü΢΢𣬵ǰѻ˵ˣҶûзִˣȻû˵Ǿʲô¶ûУǷİɡ
Ϊ˿Ŷȣ΢΢һЦ̹ȻǮϸۣ԰ģ˵СȻֻʮ壬˼͸ʲôɵ¡
˵ǸӣףͳݣҲԶԶġ
ÿͺãһȥˡ
߰Ȼ⳵ȣ¡
ǮЩĶܾò̫ڡңͷа˸Ů˵
Ȼ˵һ׺˼룬ܽơ˵嶷ȡһɹ졣
˼ĸ˲佫Ǯԭء
*
ǧӪ߰գǰһǳءֻصĳǽԸ£ִѳǣŮǽ֮ʿվڷڡ
͸ӣǮ˵ǵɳˡ
ɳɳŹǰһǳأҲʮʿҾĵطνȫԱ档
ɳжˣ
ʮ򲻵ɣʮʿ಻ǼҾǵգһ̶ӣߡ֮ˡ
ôԶ븹أǾ޴̻οбūȻʱ̣жԣʱҲóţȡΣ
Ǯ̶Ӿ֮һȻڣҲ˸ҴǮе⡣
ӵʮмҾȻɳ˵һ
ûãӾͣˡ
үүˡ𳤿յ
ߣ裬ȥ游Ǯ˵ȳ˳ᣬһҲųȥ
λ˵һĴӢۣ󽫾򶨣ʱҲǽŵġ
粻ֲܿᣬ᲻زãͲϲ

³֮ݱѰ˹Ŀдžŷڴһ޴룬Ľӡ
裬Ȼ˸ַԣִҪԶ޾ǣúּңŶӻݸ޷ԣֻܻһӻֽļ尾
ءסݵ֣ЦЦĬĬظ֧֣һ
صصͷۿ졣
г翴ɬ̾ùãȥɣ游Щģֻǣһžۡ
Ŭ¶һЦݣǺеʺ֮㲻˵߬ŷ֣ĿʮδĴš
Ȼסˡ
С˪СŲ֪ʱվſڵˣȵ游ôˣ
һɲǼ䣬ʱ·ֹڴ˿̣оԼԽԽҲԽԽ˶ڲ
˫۾Ⱦ죬ҧŬƺһиͻ̲ס
󻹸һСֻͷ׷¿ɾ˸Ȼʮĸ䣬Ѿ壬ɳµĺۼԵԽɣ
վſڶݣ죬ƺҪһںȴ
ǰ游ôˣǰ˼ԴȻȵطỨʱ۾еʣ̫үүôˣ
ʱ߸Ⱥпݣɵغ۾үС㣬СĻˣҲѾһԲˡ
صͷһݻݡſ˫ۣǿûжŮ
ɳҲ̲ס޺ţȻ˴ţһ˽Ļرסףޡ
ô˼ΣΣί׷׽֯һڽգ׵ĻﶼйֱʱеظܵԼڻص˸׵ߡ
ҲһŮֶڲϵݵĺ󱳣Сʱһİο֮⣬λһĴ󽫾ʲô˵Ѫվա
ˡ
г糯Ů֣󣬹
󿴵ĸףһӾ˹ȥгһѱ
ǵ§ĸ׵ĲӣСȥ˲䡣
Ҳ㡣г
ɻסгôҲˣ˵СĨȥĸ׵ᡣ
г¶οЦһᣬһЦ
ǻعͷȵطֲֻг磬˶һġ
̣̣̣̣̣̣ôˣԼĸףҶôˣ
¶ɳӹŮ˼˵Ҫһ¿𣿡
ش𣺡ޣһ߶ͦõģϰˡ
һأ
ԹԵģޡ
治ޣ
ų¶ɵͷȻƵ͵͵ؿޡ
ش˾͸ˣ¶ɶ˶٣˵С֮ǰ뿪̫үүˡ
ˣʱͬؿſ޵òԼݣ˵ǿ϶Ҫ޵ģþء
ԽԽˡǮ̧ͷƺ뽫ȥұʧ̬ˣôһ˵̲͡ס
δѩҲҾǿЩӡ
Ǯļ򣬱ʾο
ϡƲߣ뻺һȻͿˣ㶣̧Ĩһ۾Ҳˡ
һ忡ӣ˲ͬǸˣݹһɫ˵࣬۾
ϡƽӹáһβһΪЦ֪⣬һˡ
֪Ǹѧ֣ϡƵͷ˵ƽͺá
˱˴˶ӣȻһ΢Ц
ϡƻͷۻ˸еޱȻΧʣ÷أ
Ҫˣ⼸ϲ
ϡƶʱЦãǸա
˫̥ŵŵ꣬һͬӣһĿģͷ衭
밲ο裬ȴҧŴͨ۾ͬͮͮıĬĬǰȥһһ̨ס
˿ݿ޵Գ֣ץӣ˵ϣŮТŮǲТˡ
ȥˣͺáȥݣŮ
ݷſعֱ壬ȻؿһͷŮԲסҲԲס磬˽ԣٻأֻǻлϥ£㡭ң
˸ĬĬݵһ𣬸úÿͷɡ
һ˲䣬֣Ҷͷ㣬ԼھǴʮֻ꣬صˣŹʹ顣
ûֹŮȫȫβؿͷֱĸֱʱҲͲסǰһ
ݣķļ֮˭ҲҪˣǵļңͷ䣬


87 
Ľ, ߴʵֱůҲɻֺ, ³̶ȴԶԶڵأִҰС
, λϣݺгֱֱ, ȻǱĳ¶ɺϡƣš
мȻ˶ǻ֮ҲλãǵĿⶼڹмķϡ
˶Ųߵ, ݺЦĿ£ִյصݵǰ棬ò衣
һյѾ˶, 䲻ЩȽ, վ⺬塣
ⱭѾܾ, óԸӹ, ʹһ, ò裬úӣ
л档°, 
ɳ, Գ, ʹ, ҲŻ֮ȥɷ, һܻʶԶ롣
ǰ꾫ƺ΢һ͵飬ʹñ˺ʵ࣬Ҳһ֪Ⱦʵۡ
衭˵һ֣Ͷ˶٣ȻѹϾһƵЦݵ߽Щúơ
һСģƺ΢˽ſޡ
Ȼڸϵȴ̲ס͵͵Գ¶ҧ䣬̫үүЦе¡
ɱ˴뱲ӵūսӣλͲǸЦˣͨǲŭ¶ЦʱԽΪƣԽΥ͡
ǳ¶ɤӣѵ游ŷˡ
мҽͷ
С˪˵رӲѵˣ֮ǰſ޹˼ҵĺ𣿡
һ˵Ҫˣص˽ԸŮ󽫾·żһСкʧĸףĵǰһ䣬һǣʲôãǵЦһЦҪкͷʱкʱŵǶĸѶĿ͸˷һ
ǸЦЦһġ
Ͼһ͡
游ѽûôȻЩϡ˵
ҲǿЦõû¶ûôС
ȻûӴ裬ãڵССкһģкӻƤʵһ㡣
ڵ֪ҪźӻؼҵʱܸˣԵҲмȻŮӣһһˤǵк
Щ½½Ҳͨţм֪賣룬ȻϲǣҲóΪӷ˼Щ΢һЩܾҪޱˡ
Էʵûʲô̫ĸ飬ŮΨһĺӣϣŸյ⺢ӲϲݸΪѡ
ƺŪɳ׾ˡ
ЦҪ˵ʲôɺȻһȴס֣Ц䣬⡣
ʱһ㶡
䣬ʮͷˣϸݣһҲСܶ࣬ȴ
̧ͷŷ辫µüֻۣ΢΢ţЦʣ棬ϸңǲǳһЩ
⣬ⲻͦʵԸôˣ
ʱſˣ˳򣬡Ǽҵ֣ĸһƯҲÿ
գգ۾ȻСʣϲҲʹҲˣǹҵǱ.ǹһζû᲻ѽ
ʲôҲŵ۾ͷݣŮǲǸ˵ˣϷôͲϲˣ
æҡͷŮȻô˵裬ŭػһ
ЦЦûֻͣǿȻ˵ϲңʲôᣬ廹ãҩͿԣֱǸ鷳
̷˵ʲô鷳Ϸ򻹵ԲߣסߣﶼǴˣؾȥ
˵΢΢һ㶣ǰü꣬˼⺢ӡǡһġ
ʣԣϲҵģ𣿡
ϲȻϲôɶµĺ˭ϲ㼸ǿˣֻ֪ڣϷ̨һҲ
ȿȡг߸ɤӣֱ塣
ʱЦݣ۾ʣѽܱһ𣿡
˵ţشѾſ˫ӵȥ
Եظоһ˲ĽӲȻһ̾ͳ˵Ǹúӣû㡣ŷĺ󱳡
Ǳ˴İΪϵݣŻСضԴںˣˣҲһ
ӵĻ棬ݵ˲ۿ
һ˵ء
*
ĺ飬ʣ˵һŵģ
ףŮûкӿס
ĳе㵣Ͳֳѿ飬³ҲǾȡĺܺãſġ
ݵ֣Ȼ͵ؿŷ衣
ȻѾ˫̥õϢϸϸɾȲѡ
˭ҷ޺ǺȰͬƲװף˵黹ǳԷ֣֮Ǹɸɴ࣬Ϊ֮֡
ңеĿɶ񡣡ֳ︡ŭ⡣
г˵ܵãŮΪӸϻǵϣǾûˣ
δѩӿڵԣǷǵģ
صͷ
Ȼϡ˵ʼˡ
һ˵ĺô֪˳͢ѾִȨΪ˻⳯͢ѹȻһϵоٴ롣
˫̥ʣӰ𣿡
˵ĿⲻԼͬ˸ѧ񣬺˵ϲ֮оͺ˾֮ߣھӾ򣬲ȥʮϵϱܲϲӪٳԿõԴѡͬʱ·죬ѵʿٸܡ
ƺһ°ޱʵ
Ҳɵصͷ˳Ѿʱ꣬ʵ˿ڱȿ࣬ҲһΪãܶȥʿҲû飬͢Ҫӡ
Ǯ°ͣɳŹûʲôϵ
ѧ̾͢٣ӸὫ죬ڸ·˥˳ǰߣӪϴ£ʿƲ֮󡣡
һڷ׷׳Ĭ
ʵҲǸòߡ¶ɵ
гЦôܽ游ܣ
ʮĸ䣬ԼҲóϼʹ಻統꣬սūѾٳսˣָŮŮǰȥ
¶˵Ϊ֪
ѧ˵ԣ˽ģհǰ˺󣬿һԱһŸǿ˳֮ģԲŻ־ͬϣһӵΪӣڶ࣬漰֮㣬ȻҪһĻ߹ȶ֮أ游ΪжΣҲӦִ֧游²Դ˰мҾ
Ŀдϣ
˵ʵвκνֻǿݺ֮жԷΪʵģΪΪԴΪء
͢±ϾլԺͬҲС
ȻʱͻȻᡣ
޳ɣһʱ˶һͬȥѧ
ʣи߼
ֻŸѧֵ̧̧ȻߴţΪ˵ĶӣȻ̳־ļǿһˡٻңƽ˷߼Ҳһ֮ͬУִƴȨ־֮ʿв֮˹ͬʣ㣿
һڳ˶סˣѧɫȻֽһ
ûУûἰ㡣΢Į˵
ΪʲôѽСЩס
ϡ۵ؿɷ˵Ըߴ˵ѧĲܣЩӵ֮˭أ
ѵ¶Ȩ𣿡
ҪԼˡ
һѧһԼԣмɻ䳯Ϧģһɡ
⻰ûκ˵
迴λĵǸĳ֮ˣоӶֻôģƺδʵĲпᡣ
תͷ棬Ƕȹ˴ڣԪ֮ųϣӺգɳǣȴڴ֮ǰʱˣǸż
˵ûУСʲôʾûУд
ɫѾ׵ĸѧ񣬡ⰲǲȸø棬ɳŹصĴ󽫾ѡأ˳Ҳܽ˻ͱ˴˵ìܣ
֪⡣ϡסѧ֣οػһ
ѧҡͷЦ뵱ȻˣǱܿ͸
蹰һǫΪҲһݹͣ˵ʵܹǰӣҲôģûѡ񡣡
гؽӿڵܽʮıȨɵ˲ŻŹ
¶ֻӣŮûг磬ûѹסġг߽ãһŮӣ㹻ȨǶˣûκɼűȨ
һ⣬ں֮£ūԹ˲ϾٺûеĻᡣ
ǲƽδѩݺݵһ·֡
ʱǳ͢ѡɵĽǸ£ϷҲգǡûС
ūǼԭ֮Ĵ󻼣ƣ޽ʱ͹ףضСڶӽӶսʱû˭ӣ
˭ҲӲˣֻŮϣ֮վغҪĹؿū¡
ȻǮʣˣǾأܲŶձȨΪɣҪƺ⣬վκһ˵ܱ֡
ɳŹرϾ뾩̫ԶˣܶϢͺ
ʵЩҪؼǣϣ𣿡
һ̾ϷϸӣΪ¶ȡɡ
г紹۾ڷϵõֻоս
ȻһŮˣһС
һʱ
ЦЦ˫̥ܵ׶ŮӵĶ⡣
һУ˿̷޲ߡ
󿴿ĸף̫үүļ̣ɵʣôˣСźС˾˶Цˡ
¶һŮԴȻ˵ǣջͱͷɥˣ˵˵İɡ
ͷĺȻдĸտãףԺУӣ˵˶٣صĸˣֹһҲˡ
Ŷӽ߽þ͵ÿվඡδѩȤ
ʲôףС廹ĵûһɡ
⻹˵ĸǰޱŷʣǰɣ裿
šصͷ˽ǱҲһ·游رġ
С˪һü۾ƣ游û
Ŵȣ˭۸㣬Ͻĵطҿ䣬û۰ڲƽˡ
ԣ۵ŪѾġ
ЦõӦáû˰ɣ
˿ͬСһûɶŮ˵ϸӣʱһЦԷǵĴ
ţ۵ٴθʪ⣬Сʱֳҵӡ
ֱۣȻգȥúÿǰɡ
š
Ǵһӣˣ۳Ͷ٣ͲˣǼСڷֿãú˵˵ЪЪţһ翪ãϸǽӷ硣
ඡ˫̥ľԶʢų¶ɺг磬ǳŮ̴֣ȥ
˵شӳ¶ɵϻ˫̥
ݵЩ궼ûǵطãס㿴ϲʣ
ݾȵؿ
˲Ȼ˵һֱ


88 
ɺ, ų̂ͤ¥ûˮ鿾ֻۣи߸ߺصʯǽųɳ, ԼֲͺĺľԼһЩľһĨɫ֮⣬ǵĻơ֮Ӻ, гӹԵﻨ㣬ȱˮͱȽϲ
磬סڱ, ʹɳ, ǿеĳɺأɺĴ, ʱûӭԵʪ
ؿڷƣЩʱеظܵݵĵ, ɳŹĲˡ
ŷѰżۡ, ȻмУȴû߿죬ʱʱǵؿŷ裬ѹֵƿ¶
谲ݵֻ֣¶һ˫۾Ц, ҡҡͷ, ʾԼû¡
˭ˮʱ, ֻǱȳ˸аˡ
ݿŶӴЦ۾ԽۣȵԺӣͻһЩԲŷɳҺܰǼðţǵˡ
ߴΧǽһƬУҲ赲ɳ󷽵Ժӣſʣ滹һԴԵĹľܣȻ˿̵㣬ЩѾѿðżȵĩĳʱӦƯ
һ߽ɳȷСࡣ軺һΧӦǺõԺ˰ɣ
ɲǣλүûء
ĸ˼ңȴӱȻճӣŮֻܿվ
躬Цͷƽ游ŮС
˾˵ԺĻľ̾ЩϾ֮ʱµģмá
߿á
ǰ߿ã˶ˣȴúãҲԽԽˡ
˾챣ءֻҪţһֱ죬赲ķɳǵֵĳԸɡ
ЦЦһ
ˣ˾˶ˣǾĸأ
˵ɩǲŵģһȥͿˣַĲµһСģ͹ȡɩļˣҲ֪ôŮûдһյ˵ϡ£Ĺ͡ɩ÷ãսڹ⣬ºȥңȻҲûлȥʱӵȥɩĸߵ磬ɩǰЩҲˣɩճûþսˣؼңӦҲļˡ
ݿЦ޸мҵŮˣܿ࣬ϣŵǣܹúðɡĿ߿ϣԳǴСǸҵģֻҲ;Ƕˣ˵ûֳ
ȥˡ谲ο
ݵ˵ͷ
ʱִ߳ȵүˣôվԺͷ䣬Ѿ˿ůءүڿ𣿡
ڷݼʱѾԺ
Цŷӣ죬ȥȱˮɣ⺢һ·ȹġ
*
ݵԺӺܴҲ࣬סĸԼ˴´ࡣ
ĸ߽Ĺ뷿ΪùŮСӦҲʲôŮԻĶȴû뵽ľȻױ̨
Ư̾
ž˾ִġḧ̨棬Ļһһչֳ˵һǾͿʼˡ
ĻƵ̲һһϦɳôʱ䣬޷ǳſġ
ϸţԵЩʵĲã½Բ󣬵һ
̨һͭױչȥܿԼݡиۣһӣģ̴ľģģüѡ̨Ϊһ壬Ÿֿ񣬰񣬳룬зŶָŹҲиͷһ룬ĶҲڣ黨䣬
Щݹʱ
ʱرϲȻЩʱǺÿ֣㿴ӣǵӺģ˵ԺԶĹңһֱϲ
ǣ޵ʱ򻹰©ˣү˴ֲ⡣
һЦ棬롣
ٶʲô˼ǹŮǰźáʱֻ߽
վתȵؿôˣ
ʣôͲСûĵġ
̧һߵʺã游
С㣬үǲģʮûסϰߡߵͽ͵
໰ʲôЩȻϾﲻһǲڣϷҲû֪ôӣͰӣʱԼġ
סŸףòײͣ۾ֺˡ
Щ޴룬ݣզֿˣ
ĸ׵ֱۣЦ游̫ãжˡ
ǣ裺ǶƤʵЩղۼҡҲûʲôϸˣҪʲôʲôֱӷԸܼҾͺá
á
ݣи嵥ʲѷȾǣȻˣȱܵòϡöȥ죬ûеģȥӺңȥϱңرҩģ˭Ҳ˺ӣҪ
һ󽫾ܿǵЩʵڲס
ֻ˵дأһʱȱġ
˵Ǻס
治ȱŮʲôȱжġ˵ָؿ˷һۡ
գ޹۾һ̹Ȼģ
Ǵ򡭡
̾Ҳһרŵ壬֣˰Űã˼ҡ
Ƿ˷ġ
ЩƣȻˣ¶ϸġ
⻰Щݵѣֵ˶һۡ
ڨЦûҶ໰ȴֱп氡棬ͺж˱ﲻһôôסܣڲغöԻʵ۵Ŀ̹ǳޣ
ڳϻ̹ĻѾλìܵ·̡
ʱܼ߽ݵС㣬ͷǼĶѾͽˣү˵δõ
ޱ飬Ҳ֪ԼŰɡ
⻰ζüɵؿ衣
ɤ˵ͺãߴҶַ֣
ʣЩʲô
ܼҵһ̼СĿ˶Ϻ˿ҩģƤëӣү˵ĺϣҡһǾϸ棬µıһЩСΪء
ˣݣЩһ·ӾǴɣ
ȻǣԶģᳵСݻش
ǴĶģһ˿׼Ķ룬Īǡ
ڲװˣ˵
һȻˣҩģ̼棬ЩͲǴ̼ҲûʵǸϴҲ֪Щǹרͷ⣬ʿȻܽЩӾд
շϣźˣЩΪлҲ˵ùȥ
ʱ̹ȻˣҲ£Ҳͦġ
˵棬ʶչЦݣšһֻαװѣʼӵܣΣʵһ·˽ϣͻҲδе游лᣬл
ȿȡŴĻһȻڨЦҲ˵ʵѣ˽²Ҳô𣿡
ǰ
֪һ˶ԼĶӲ˼ʱ˭
Ȼֲ˵ݱǲʹ켫ˣֲ֣ľԱĸо
ãЩȻõϵģʲôݣáģϷһ⡣
о֮⣬Խӡ
һж׵뿪ǵˣǺúЪϢ
游ߡ
һ뿪ݱ˴ӵţͳİɡ
ʧЦôͲˣģ
ܲ
ݺʷѵ˺֮վףһ֪ͱŵԶԶģȻȻһνӣźøУֱˣ
ֲ̯ܽûͷ㺣ݽì
ѽѽô죬۲ˣȥϢ
費ĸЩΪû塣
ǳˣʲôʲôѾסԼֺ뷳գ
˳ȻΪá
ŷûûεϾ뿪̾һ
ʲô˷̫âˣַ
ԹһǱŮġ
Цˣū澵Ǿү£ͦãЩԽǿ⣬Խ⣬Ҳôأʱһþ͵ˡ
ݵ˵ͷ˵öԣżˡˣҩ˯
ǣūһ˼£ӦѾˡ
ֶҩȥʱ򣬷дš
ǧһضͻűƽȻӡ
һ˱ʣŷ⣬Ȼ󽻸գܼ˵һȥɡ
ǡž뿪ˡ
ֵĿ΢΢һƳȻүҩЪϢ
á
ܸɴ࣬˿룬Ȼתͷȥݡ
ѾѾߵķ½ͷʣʲô˯𣿡
Ѿ˯ˣū澿үдš
˭ģ
ԥһ£
һ۾
ȰƽƺҲӦõİɣϾү
ݵͷԼԣӦõġ
*
ڶһ磬á
ֻǷǰΪΰĽøЩ
Ŀ䵽ҶȻ֡
ʱĿˡ
ŵʿţ߽ȥ˵мҲңϷݸ˭Ҳֻ֪Ǻ治òϣѧ˼ûʲô˾סҪ˵УҲˡ
̤ã񷶥£Ŀıɽһݽλ飬д֣ҲӢ꣬ӭǡ
ׯ£Ҳ׳Щλ𺳣˵
ŵĶмҾսɳĽʿλľ˾Ҳȥ㣬ǣ裬͹ˡ
һ˲䣬ĽŲóأ˫۾
裬£Ƕ߽Ӣۣʲôطȫг˵
¶ļЦ岮үүǺúһϣ鱣㡣
ԺǽҲضѾҺˣǸ䡣δѩָĳһλЦƺһҲûʲôܻ䡣
սɳ֮˶ôһ⣬޷ѣöܿ
˫̥㣬һݸݣһݸ衣
ǰѾڷţݹ棬˫ִ㣬¶ϡ
ֻݵλТŮݹңһͬػɳţȫмҡ
岮үүо˾ˣҼλӢ꣬һΪмˣΪмҾӢ飬Ϊ֤
˵ִ꣬ݡ
λǰϸ񷶥


89 
ΪףʽΪ, Լ˸٣ڴ졣
彿󣬼ˮ, ·ȿԣһҲ⣬ˡ
һȵǵľ, ޷ɳǣò׻ĹŮҲ뿪
׼̫ҽҩһȥžϸι, ⷬչ֮, ȣɫ˺ѷε, Զʣ¼Ъƿȡ
·̫磬Ҳڷ
ֻδ巴ʱţֻ¿ʱ䡣
, ѧ̽
ôˡվӭӵ, 
ѧ˵˵㲡ˣδƣ˼㿴˵ŷѾһĿ¼ȵͽ⡷
š轫˹ȥ
ѧļҳ, Ǵ߿ƾ𣿡
ԡҲûҴ, ֱ˵, ˡ
ͷĶ˶Ϊ˵٣ѧ֪㣬־Ҳ⡣
־ǿҴ鲻ԣͷȥҡѧ˵
εʵӦȥݷýû뵽һˡ
ѧ񲢲⣬Ȼ岻ãͲҪ߶һˣ޷ġ
ŽǾ֮
ѧͷ괺ǣұҪ³ġ
Ĳѧʿڲѣϧ
Ǹ
ûʲôѾܺˣ裬ҿôɣǲѧʣ
Цݶʱʢ۾еʣ𣿡
嶼ֱˣڴѧЦõȻԣмҪҵһҪĺѧɲס
һ뵽м߽ͰģɵĬȻ
ʱȻſڴϾľСС㣬ôȥתͷͿһСԴűߣһֻѾżҪջȥ
󣿡
̷С˾ˡԹԵؽˡ
ôˣ
ѧɤ˵̷̣̻ҪǻҪҪ飿˵ſ裬СĵС˾˸ҪҪ˵ǿԻʱա
˵꣬ڴŸѧдšɣɣҪ顱
裺
Ǿ͸ĵϰɡѧоΡ
۾ųâ̷ˣҿԸȥඣ
֮ǰǿģʱһɨգ˶ȸԾģɼɽѹжഭ
ѧһ֮̾ǰ̵ֶȫҪʡ
ӴĽֱӰżϣˤ˹ʺ
СС㣡Ͼ˹ȥҲ̲סǰºˤˡ
û뵽һֱͦӱϵĻҵû£û¡
ƶƤˣԵƬ̣ūȥҩ
ȥˣһСˣû£Ҫȥء˵꣬˸߲ңıˣֻ˱˴˿ŶԷ
ԲʵҪĽĪǿˡ
мҵĹͲǸϣ
֪游񽻸ҵʱ򣬾û̫ҪʶֶǷǾ㹻ˡѧЦº͵˵д壬ȽڷԼЩǽԶһЩΪá
ͷֲöôϲ֮ˣ̫ˡ
֣Ǿ͡Щ֮ʱѧЩڣת˻⣬˵Ȼ£ʱԣ裬ѯЩ¡
˵𣿡
ѧףԡ
˵Ҳд⣬ڴ֮ǰܷȿһݣ
ôһ˵ѧɫҴˡ
*
ķߣ޶ߣΪµĴ壬˵һӾΪڡ
ҵ˱ຮ֮أһʹɲڣҲûн¡
Сĵһذָ壬ٵطָ塭
һдģҵ岻ֻܶԴִʡѧ˵Ϊ˱ʧ̬΢΢˶٣һֱŻϻ͢ҲҪͱʩչϧȲˡ
ѧĻɬѣλ˼Ȼ𾴡
ָеȻмɺ֤Щ룬ʵʣóĳԶΪգ¸صĴ壬ʵ顣
֪УǷж𣿡ʡ
ѧش𣺡ӦǴ֮ͬǰʵѾͣ׺˲ֻһϽɣϣõãʧˡ
κһĸҪʧܺͷԣڵõѪĽѵ֮󣬲Żõӣߴߡ
ѧЦˣлĿ϶֮ȻΪ֪
ǫˣǰܽˣ˲иж
ѧΪȻ˵Ȼͬϸ֮ʵ䶯ŵ£ͨոЩʱǽ̸˽ܶ뵱Ȼʵڰȴһ¡޸ĸģݡ
Ȼǿ϶ģͷжٹԱо߽£˽ƽϰյȥǵѺ󣿾У۲룬ܱڸеĴ˵µж٣
õʱϵգ볾ʱ򻹲գʵܿɹ
跭ĸ壬һ֮ߣǹũˮǹ˰սףƾȡʿ涼ѾǵıȽơ
ȷǼõߣܹѭ򽥽ʵʩ˳İӻù࣬ǿָտɴ
һ˵ޱʣԣܳɹ𣿡
轫ָ£յһڣȻ󽫱ӷԶϣɹǲɹ
ѧסˣһʱû˵
農صš
ոѧҵδ˵ԸܹɣҲοֻǡѪÿÿ뵽ʳΪ޸еĶ̶̼ͽ⣻Ϊ׼ȷĴļأѯͬŵõ𰸣ԼβѧʷȴûķݣΪʡ
˵ſЦţƺ̫Щҵ˼ƽϣҲͲ³ˡ
˵֮顣ȻˣҾͻش𣬲ϣǲϣжɹˣұȻΪ˸޴Ĵۡ⻰˵նҺ޻ء
øѧ⾪ȣ裬ô϶
΢΢һЦϾܽɹĹʵǽ˿ߣЮֻʧ֮һʡ
ݺ֮ϵΪѧ޻˵ָ壬ǸԶҲɹˡ
ɻ󣺡ΪΣ
ʧܣǵѪͰ׷ˣһϳ͢ٴУѧҲǱʫ֮ˣݹʷִʧܣӭıȫ̷񶨣ûл¿ʼɹ
ҡͷǲˣ
ν⣿
ϵֻ߲гɹʧܡ
ѧÿЦѵ֣
˵ͷԣдʧȡѵߣԼڳɹֳ֮ߡ
ԸѧһĿ˲ˡ
֪ѾԼ˼ЦЦ˵ʵߴûгɹʧһ˵ֻкʺͲʣƺͲơָֻìܣָ⣬һ𱬷ԹصȻ⵽˷ԣ޼հˡЩ⣬ʵκʵֻû⡣
裬֮ǰϡ˵дʱƵı£һţǼʶˡ
˭ʮ겻µļ⣿
һ٣Щ˼Ҳֻǿöѡ
ѧֻǫ飬ʣ˵նԣΪʲôѫ⣬ɰաΪǣ
˵˵һϢ編ԹٸӣûʳũÿֻȡϢ֮ʱٸϢߴʮ֣ʮֵĸ˵ʵǰջߣͬʱܸ͢룬ٺҲûˣ
ѧȻǰѯʶദŶµ֣Ϊ˰ա
迴ŸѧΪԺ飬ЦݣĿʣǸߴ˶Ȼ뵽Ϊƹߣ͢ȻطҪ󣬻߸ĸΪӭϳ͢ڸ󿴵ĳɼǿưմǮǳΪ˻͢ӣת˸Ůĵز
ѧһͣѿڶôܣ
治𣿡
طøѧ죬ȴûзΪ̫ˡ
ôʣô룬ȻǺѾͨʷ֤ԭҲߣʧܵԭװ׵дڽ̿ϡ
ִƣΪ˿Ϊ͢ƣֻҪմǮط´ߵҪ󡣶⣬ô죿Լ𣿡
ѧ񻺻ҡͷû뵽
Ϣ編֮⣬߶һģı㡣һûһߣôеìܼһ𣬱İղԹص𣿡
ô죿
ĹУ˼֮ȴһλᡣ¶Խ࣬ʵԽһ¡
٩٩̸֮Уѧ³һЦǿˣʵѾ뷨
΢΢һЦûǫ飬˽ΪκβʵߣóȻȫƹ㣬ǲ֪ʲôʱĶҩһӶڸرֻԼԽضõİ취ҸСط
С󣿡
ԣΧСһ⣬׿ƣӶֻҪתȻܣôȫѭ򽥽ߵøԶ
ѧͷȷûֻǡ裬˵طǲңҪȫȻΥǾֻɳǣֻطʡ
Ӻô
ѧȣ
ͷ
ѧ˼Ӻ˿ʮụ̃ȷʣΪ˵һ֧֣ٺòĵطˡ
ʱһЦݡ


90 
ôҲ벻, ץ˼ҹ֮Ѿ˽ȥ񣬺ӵĻš
ߵҲ̫ˣʱʮ첻Ӧõ𣿡ʧش˹ܼҡ
Сһ߶߶, ֻʣһƬ
, ˵᲻·ϵ, ˣ
Се㲻˵
Ҫүȥһ
С̧ͷ컨塣
㻰, װʲô⣿
СһӴҵĵ°˭ҽмҵʹ¼λнǸƽѽ쳤Х˵ʹҲûɶֵ, ˣ
ƺҲ, ˣôڶû, ܲ˰ɣ
С˵ô, Źȥʮ죡ֲǵȱоȥȻߣСүҲԲѽ
һ, °ͣ, үˣٵȵȡ
С˵ͣˣȻû˿ĵ, ү˼ȥ, ˵мҶ֪ү, ǲҲˣ
Сӣզֿʼˣ
˼ѵСӻ뵱ĵһӹģر𲻿˼顣
¶ѵ£ʵ𣿡
ƽʱһԹӾˣһ䣬ϻ
˾ȻԥСӼֱ漫ˡ
ջû˳̶ȵͷʵ
ūŹ۲죬СүǿģӦ֪ġ
ˣˣһ޲öԶԶġ˲һ
С벻ˣ£Ǹ𣿡
øƨ϶ˣ
ͿԳ𣿡
˵õģ˽ܷݣҪĵףȫ˴ˣΪһĿ֮ˡǻСΪ᲻ѣжӯû뵽˵ú棬ûһΰⷽߵģķǵı˭
ү밡Ĳʲô취ֱ׳
Сӣ˭Ϊ˭ǹ
˵˹ˣүҲ͸ദµʱ䣬ôôأϵɻ
С̵֪ūô֪

Сӣ
Ӧڲ̫ͬү⡣Ȼ
Ǵ͵ϱ
°˼˵ǲϽԱˣһʵǸɡ
Сӣʵ滯ΪģҪĵУ̲סѵҪǹСүƶҿԶԶġ
˵ҲǣүĻʵ׶үȥ֪֮ǵýˣҪǸٺ١
ǣ˼Сһ±ƿԳ棬ⲻӵ뷨
һžžգвУүУ͸ǻɵһ˼ˡ
ѾĲˣ£СӾԼ̫ˡ
˵ţ£Դˡ
شСӸϽ죬Դ˽ϽҵȻǵõ֢ɡ
Բߵһ֮ˣȻûѾΪ˹⣬Ʒ֪ݺʹƷ֮ͨܵһ
ջʵ۶ɵԸδӺ޼ɣ޷죬˳֪ݵǲһԴΪӻԼôԵģΪ˰֪ݵĸͨоͻԼˡ
Բһ˰ֱ֣˵
Բ£¹ѾӺпȱĹְгĿ
ϴһݲӣСȡʸ棬ⷭ˷Ц϶ճˡ
ǣżӴǣ࣬ûмǸɾģ߰ķԸӺԩԩܹʵ޼
ôԱûɴңʡ
Բش𣺡¹ҲǵڴˣһЩСûжԴάճʱǿܹ֧š
˵˵ͷһ͵񣬡ȽˣܹɽнȻǸܸ֮ˡ
֪֮¹޿ɻرֻΪ·Դ˱𡣡ԲǷθ֮ԣ棬˿̲ǱɺԵˣѾʬĳɽ¡
ԲģżҳӵСѾһ˳żųնۿţڴ˴֮ǰҲû̿˽йߵľٶԹԱҲһٳİ濴ûʲôɵ㣬ȻˣȻҪá
ģүٲǰ̣Щλ㿴˭ռռˡ
ǶΣԲȼˣ£
ôûˣ濴Բ˶۾ָϵָĵ˵ѽӺ˭֪ԴǱǰĺˣûӻԾëԼ㿴۵ģ
⡭Բͷ΢΢˵亹ˡʵ̫֮٣Աʱ˼û
ʵԲܸҲֻһˣһЩཻͬŻҲڶʱ佫ӺССİ壬ҪάֹٸճУӣƱػЯߵһЩˡ
Щ沢⡣
˰ɣǺ¶˰֣ţþʲôܻ䣬Ͼٹãټˣûôˡ
滰е˼ԲһȻˣһλӣ±ȻˣŽһȨͶµĻԽԽ࣬ƽ֮£Ӻճٶλöٵġ
һ֪ЩְλҲ˵͸
ôѣǶԲκͿ϶ԳһΪáԲϲѣ͸أмл£¹ٱȻټܹʤ֮ˣµΡ
˵ͷүˣȻҲҪõģǰռλҲÿЩ˲šô죿
ѡӺүİʱү˻಩ֻĹϵЩ˲šôֻܵǰŸʵһ
ȽѾһУȫϵϵԲ
ССӺȴܿΪ෽Ľ֮أǶѣܱ˭ǰСϺףǾꡣ
Բ־ˡ
һߣʱһ̱̾鷳ӣү취

һү˼һͣ
ʮ궼ûĶһ͸Żһզ
СҲⲡĵÿΣȻͷһ£Բѽ
룬еһǲ⡣
˵
һ˵ˡ
үһڴӦ
Сɤӵ¹ӺԳԺ֮ؾͲҩˡ
СӾرãһݡ
Ȼŵ
Сʿˮڴʱͷ£λ˹ж䣬˵ʶ
ԣޱ㰲ŵİɣ
СŵҡͷǣûõūĶҰ
ǾͺãȻүÿǿ߻ˡ
ΣյĿСӡ
ߣүʶ
ȹգյƽţһأԹʱϲüңȲزš
СؿϲãȻ춼ûзӳɵغʣ£Сүдʲô
̵˵ƽˡ
Ǻ¶˵Сүģ֮أ
ûˡ
С죬ûˣ
ֻӣǲĲңôְ
С֣ʾ뿴
ݸԹء
ȷֻм֣һм棬൱سƺ¡
ڶУƽ
УʾѾʺãԵָлָЩ̼ЩҩģЩƤëд
¶ౣء
һģĶСӿţƵⲻдͦСүȫûвѽ
ϹĻզġ
С죬˵ûյŰզյ˻Ҳ̫ԩˡ
㿴裬˵һ䣬Щйµķϻ֮⣬ɶҳԵĺòã˯úòã
С˵Ƿ˲Żôд
һӺĸſүҲøţ
ˣСӶʱһ仰лȻ򣬸Ҫ
ҰҰͣþ̾Ŀ⿴ԼӣǸϴ֣˼Ȼϸ壬컯ŪˣʹĿȫǡ
˵ʲô˴˷ֿҰƨСѾˡ
˵£СүʣԼʰô᲻ɳʲӦʲôӣ㲻ͺˣ
еһɨɥתԥ᲻Եү̫ڣɿأ
ʲôʱôƽˣ˼ܷܲһС׷棬Ĺūһأ
СĨһ۵Űɡ
ڶһ罫һŷ⽻СӣںĿǣʩȥɣ̫ϡ
Сӣģ⾿дʲô
ѻ鷿ٵʦ棬ȻһдһŷⶼƵţ˭ţ
ĲŵСүСӱʾɡ
Ҳûдʲô費ͦӺүдһ֪ѣһֶûдƺСӵɻ̲ס͵
ĸүĻôϸµظ˽ЩԲ᲻һ
õ̶ȣСֻզķݡȻЩҪΪūţСֻҪӽɾͺá
ٶ໰ʹ˿ӱ޵ظɳǡ
Ȼʾż̵ľ飬Լλʱʱ˼֮ŹϼҪʼ߻


91 ѧ
סһʱ, ҲӦˡ
˿ڼ򵥣Ҳ࣬һ㶼棬мҽ߶Ů
ҼλճǼ˵, г޾Ͳ˵, Ѿϰʱʱʧһʱ䡣һ㳣פӪ, ѲӵʱҲҪЩȨ, гҪ
ϡƣδѩޱҲһֵ¶һ֧
ȻɳŹڸڣĳǵ, Ƿֵվ, һ֧ӶԭͻĮһ, ѲС
Գ¶ɵļӪΪ, ֧ʱʱһ¸һ̶ӡ
˫̥ȻҲӾΪС, ʿ࣬һҪ, ƽʱںǹʮ˰һ飬ӡ
ΨѧĿϸСŮץڻ
Լǲݸ, ԹʶֵĿ, ԶԺĶϰץø
òиѧʶõĶŮ, ĶܷŹ俪ѧã˵ɳеľʮ£Ҫְδ˶ϿνѧīѬա
ǡɿʮϵ˫̥ͱѧλŶԣꡣ
ܲңȣûȥӪʹһѧˡ
ָڴ˽ܹɻˣܸѧ֮ҲҪȥ˵мҽñ֮ѧãһꡣ
λڴϴֱ游˵ҪúˣȻҪأ
еĪ˵ȣֲӣɶϵмûӱ֮ˣ
Ҳ̫ˣʮˣһȺʲô
ϣѧϣ˭Ц㣿ŭ
ΪɶȥдڣڸҲšԴǵض졣
ԼⷬʰĴָ
Ȼϵȴ˫̥С͵ȴ뵹һ˫̥̺㣬𡭡
̣ˣ
һľ֣費ɵؿλҳ߳ŭȻԲ˵ͷ˵ĲϷһȥɣ
ˡСС˪ر۾
ᣬСܵ⣬ԹĿⶼʵˡ
㶣ȥñī鱾ļƣʱԼʲô£һȥƤ£ѧﻹ˸ҿС𣿾Ǹѧ񶼲ŷˮ
ˣæģ游ҴˣϾȥǧ桭
Ȼ̫ӣļϵĿⲻɵ޷ͷһȥϷҲȥҲÿƤûкúù
ºˣһ١
˫̥˫۾ʱ𱸵Ŀ⿴ꡣ
ͷڣ
˲ɵһۣɲΪλ󽫾֪Ůǵ˼ȻϣһĨĴ
λǹġ
ʶ㣬̲ס䴽Ҳ
ƺĿ⣬ɫҪ岻ãԲȥҲҲС
ΪɶС˪ôõѧʣȥϧ
۾һɣ֪ѧʺãǿȥȥʲôϵ
ǹϵȥˣҪǳ鱳ֱǲ͹ˡСδ˵꣬ýһţʱŤ
˭˵ġС˪һۡ
һס裬۾󣺡С˾ˣȥɣȥɣǴڸûˡ
ԼѧŮǺɸ֣վãʲôӡ
΢΢һЦ游ҲȥʹʶʶԺ󻹵ö򽻵ء
һʱС˾ãȷſˣȥСԣСĽ˵Ҫһƥء
ڴӦð
Сļ򣬼˼۾裬ģ㣬ѧ˭Ҳ㻰
ȻЦ⣺߽㣬˵Ŷԡ
Զԡ
ˣ̲סҡҡͷ˵òһľӣٹҲҪඡ
ҪǵмҾӣѧⲻԶЩӽ̳и²߾֮·û˻ָڶѧֻҪʶֶ񣬲Ц󷽾ˣԲնҪȥѧãһΡ
ȽŲ㣬岻ã˫̥ȥ
ȻŸͣ£еֺߺԼʱʱȻѧλӻû
ȻйĶɳңûһϾ֮ʱĻŶŵѧ顣
ͻȻشѧ߳ߣȥͷ˭˭ͽжԷүү
Сүնˣ
һġ
֣Ѻע£
ңѹҵСʤ
ƨȵǿ϶Ӯѹƪ塣
ƪѣû֣ѹһӮ
ǻѽһ!
Ѿһ²ŵ׼СǰЩӻʯĹ˵ɲС׼Ӯ
ļٵģǣҲѹСң֣

ССߴߴĺӴӵ߳Ȼվǰ˫ֻ̥λɫܲÿ
վס
ף˪㣬㣬ôڲСҺҪ˭Ӯ˭үү˭أҪҪŲУ
ͷʲôʱǶϿεʱ˭ǳģСԴǵ
С˪ҲЦ˵ǰ죬ӽ̵ֶʶʶ˻дд˻ᱳ𣿿һĲѧõӣһûģԹȥøϰΣ֪֣ʲôӣ
⻰ѵƿԣһɵ㶵ǵĿ⿴λƽʱͷֵףƤĴ
ȵС̲סСʣ㣬ûԴҩɣ
ǰҪ岻Ǹ٣֤𴩣
˫̥
۾Ŀ˭
ںӵĿ⴩ǣѾˣ˴һСǱС
󡣡һ
ôˣҪôн
˫̥һЦУȻһͷӵ˼Ҹ˳ǲЦݣŭ飬ⱻһСͶһ
˲еĺ嶼ˣһæվͦľͰ͵󣬴󣬴󽫾
Ϊʲô
һȫˣ
һ汲ܵ˴󽫾֮ŭ֮ǰȫȻŲȡ
˳ͬˣЦƣǲѧıûˡ
裺㣬òҲѶá
Ǿ̫ѧӼ山ѧԺѧôССѧþرЩϸкʹѧְҵѧԺ࣬žʮˣǴͷŮΪ
ѧżλ߹ⰲĳ棬ɵЦԷǣȻ
ѧ񰡣ΪˡûЩ޲طܺӣֱӵȥɣϷҲ
ں𾪵Ŵ֪ͣ˭һ䣬Ҫ
ôҪˣҾһţū˶öĿ£û˸ҿСһͦñֱ
СĸŸѧʶ֣Դؾصϰ֣ϰϴѧݣ곤ҵ˫̥ץ£ѧϾ⣬ͬһ࣬ǲͬȣѧҲʩˡ
棬ͷ
ŮϡƵɷ򣬸ѧĿϾû˸£˭ô۵ظҶ˫̥ͷһӦ
ڹڣԲڿϡʹ飬ܽѧõģҲмҾеĽ֮汲ҲǲݸԹûĻĿ࣬ЩĽҲԼжϸѧŬѧ
ѧŻῪǣ˺ƭ
ʵòһѧʵķӣͦϧģ
мҾվǲ̨ңڴ˳ֽԣȨķУжٶԸڻԭ
ǱŶˣؿҲֲຮ䣬ȥˡ
мҾȱĽʿȱдй۵ı֮š
ҴΪƸĴ󲿷֣ӵܵĲ£Ϊʦ壬ӢţΪ˿ƾ٣֮ͨˣܹʷӸѧ˵ֵ伮ҵδ
ͷ˫˸Ȼ˫ǵĹâԹ񣬶鶼Ψһĳ·ȴ·ıҪܡ
ûþˣҲ˳ȥ
һߣϵĺ˿Сñͷ˴ǰС㣬λ˭
֪ұܡ
һ֪Ƕˣʱ򡣡ϵҵ
Ӵôʶˣ
ǿɲ㣬ǲѧʺܺã
ϻҪƾȥģƾ٣
һΧһСƬʱȻ𾴣ѧ֣¶ͷۣλȻҪȥԣʵڿ¡

Ժֲǲǿԡʡص
ƺͦ˵ġ
˵ԺǡСϵС˪ü
̫ˣ
ѧ볭ҵ֪˭ģдһһѿôܹأ
ˣ
ͻȻ̨ϵĸѧɤӣʱǽ༷üŪۣĥ´ελүˣú׽
ϵĸѧһп̲סü֪֮


92 
ӿ, Ŵ֣̾һ
游ô̾ˣ
ͷų, ɵس˳ǵЩǲͬϷ
ЦЦ
Ҳû취, ѧѧǺ, ѧľԴ, ʶֶ¾Ͳˡ
ѧ֮, ѧ, , 游ϣѧʲô̶ȣ
ЩĹ˵秵Ļʲô˼, Ц, ҪԼд౨
ŵͷҪ󲢲, ʵǻд֪Щľʷʺͨ׳, ٸߵҪ󣬱ʫ, еīˮˣžǺĵˮƽ
ѡ
㵱Ȼ, 㿴ǣѧõ£һԴץͺˣҪƵĶﲻ֣ϷŶܣԺôд౨
һƪ迴, ѧ֮ǰһõĵ, ȻҪд, ٣ûбԼעˮľ֮ǰôһѡ
˫̥ƨϳʭӣҧгݣ޴ʵӾЦ
游ƺҲû취Լд౨ɣ
ǾʦĻŴдġǣдĶվԼ˼վг룬öܾǾҪرϷλãΪһмҾϴ
ԽһޣҲھŬѧ
ϷǣѧľԼģѧ͵ÿˣ˲һס˵ΪпмҾг˵Ϸһº͵Щ֮㶼ʶ֣ò˵ǶȱĿ졣ЩܸϷ䣬˵ǿ㼸㡣
游ˡܴﵽгǵѧˮƽҪ츳ġ
ɳʵ̫ҶˣѧûǸȻϷмҾкӵܶܶ飬ʶ֡
辪ȵؿ游뵽ЩǸհԶ
ɶ˼ʡ
ĿԶ󡣡
ϷƨԳ
Ϊһÿλؾְһָ֮УԵı˵ʲôʣʲôףֻܽŸЦˡ
ݵܹ޸ĳɣֺγҲԸиŮ
ֻǿۣҸ¹ޣҲա
ѧ˵ѧʣ㿼ƾ٣
ش𣺡ǣ䲻ɣܵɣȻһ
ôѵϷһӣͬ⺢˼̫ˣĪΪϷ㣿
ҡҡͷЦ˵ˣû˼֮ǰģֻҡ
ͶˣɲɣΪɲ̫Լ
ΪмҾأ
һʲô
͸ϣĿᶨΪмҾµĺﶼܶ飬Σ
ǰСӣһʱԣӭĿ⣬δ˸
۵С֮£ҡҡͷʧЦһ䣺С쿪
üһͷȻţ
ƾپͿƾ٣Ҳ޷˵Ҫ̤ʵأϷûҲ֪жټܳ˶飬ûһɹģܱȵùǣ
費˵ǰ첻˵ܰ쵽
Ծ˵󻰣ϷСʱ˸һԱ⣬ѧã˽ӣֻҪһÑѧûȥ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ش𣺡ٵÑҲǮȥũ˭ɣ
û뵽ô˵¶ȡ
΢΢ŵ⣬˵׻ǰû̫ţ᲻ͶΪһ泯죬ûͷ磬Բ֪ҪԣǧľŵĿƾ֮⣬ܴĲƸǲǣ
û뵽뱲ĵСȻ֪
游ҶףҲ֪ʷѡջʲôģһΪĿ̤ʵһһȥʵ֣ġ
ԵѾĿ꣬ģҪеäʼٷ֮һô쿪
ȻԼԽ塣
ֻⲻҪŬҪǰģһһ֪㲻㣿
游衣ʱѧ֮߳ʣΣ
˵򣬴ˣǺѧֻҪԸʲôǿͰСĽҰɡ
Сģѧȣȷ
ͷ
Ҫʲôؿ
ѧѧȱӣѧʣȫʤΣһ̵ʱСʹķֿڿΣһЩ
ʱȻ˵ûû뵽ǵѧӡ
ֻӵ˼Сӣ
ȰСӶƤˣ裬岻ãһﲻýѡʹİɣѵ
ѾĥƽƢĸѧ˵ͷ
費޷ھ͹ˡ
ĲѾͷ
Ϲ游״̵һĺ棬飬һ裡ָ̭ԼŮǻʧġ
˳ǣһһ֣Ͳ˵ˣԱġ
ǿˣССȴ룬˸ѧһ㿴㡣
游ġ
*
յĿΣͻص˯Ƭݾˡ

ôѧ˼𣿡
֮ǰǮСС£ݻˣλүǳ˵ؽ񶪸ȻȥԼټӵļױȡΪԶ̼֣ż÷ʲ
ԣҲɡ
Ͼϲˮһڵͦ˼ģǻúöӣ֮šҴӦϾ֮ͬһȥڿΣҹСӡ
Сӣôģ
š
ǻ᲻᲻ụ̀ܽһȺƤ
ƤҪɵϵĲΡЦ
ȻѾˡ
Ǿ԰ɡ˵ſ裬һֹģҲҲˡ
Ƽˣô﷢ʲôΪ𣿡
ҡҡͷ
ôµģʲôֱ˵¡
ݵӺˡ
Ŷ˭ѳڣסȻʶλСô찡
ʱƽŸյλͻˣ˻ȿȡ
ޱ飬ֹǿ죬ӱޡɻ£ֵһҵŷ⣬ү
ô񣡡辪ȵĹңΪȻûơ
одʲô܆һѣ
Сĵʣû𣿡
Ըҿ𣿡ŷʡ
裺һдʲô˵ĶҲ̫߳ˣҶ˵ޣϾܸɵóҹǽ¡
ĳĬݸǺ޲õɴŷ⣬ݡ

ѽȱżȿţǹ㣬һ˵ҪأǲԩˣԲԣȰ
ԩ
ЦһȻ̧̧°ͣʾ쿴
Ϊˣʲô²ģ
ĸ״˶֮£еţ˸Ȼţһֽȡһһ̯ҴűȻⱲдһ⡭顣
뵽۾ЩƮɬͬʱλдʲôǺǴ󵨣
ȻſţףŶ
ʣʲô
ţˣⶼ¡
£
ǰ뿪Ĵæܶ¶ۣȴûüˣ⻹°̹ȻҾûһ񲻺ϵĵط
˵費֪ΪеʧĿЩƵġ
ⲻҪݽˣֱ׳ҪǲţԼ
ʣܿ
ܰʲôòҴŵ£Ҳᵽ˵󷽷ؽŵݹȥȰĲɹֲСӣʲôʲôﶼ
ݾԼÿģվĲ£һӹơ
һͿ˺ܾãȻطֽɫӵؿ裬
ţ
ݱ˵ʲôȻ֪޾ӣĻȥһ˵Ҳͦã¹졣
ǰϣȻ̯֣ҸֻǴһԡܻ
ǿЦŽŽ裬ȻȻûʲô£ˡ
ã㡣
ãڸڣʲô͵ġ
ǻ˽Ų
ٳţ뻹ת
ţ
ȻҪƾ٣ǰ̣±ȻҪһһ⣬ȫעĪҪΪķġòˡ
Ц׵֪ˣͷһٸİɡ
ˣһżҲƲס³һ
ֵˣôˣѵ⣿ү
ҡҡͷǹ¡
̷Ȼ½öǹ£ֺα̫ģ
ȻݿЦȻǹ£ȴ£֣мλүὫ֮£޾ϸؽһλĻţ궼һ֮𣿡
޾ϸصҧ֡
⡭ֶʱƿԡ
¶ֲ꣬Ը˼ֻùڸ˽ˡ
ò˵Ϊˣһ۾ͽ


93 
Խǹ, ޾ϸȤǲȤģһһ֪, ֪ܿӺ״
, , ֣żûִ, ʵŶ塣Ӻ, ֱ·ȨԲ, ռȻǵȻʵۺү˵ˣ, ƽ֮, ֪λһõ, Ե, ˭, ĵ, ͵˵㡣
ԲȻͿ, ŬԱ֪֮ȵ, ҪӺվȽŸ⿿ıûõ, ҪõãյȨ, ôҲֻŬչԼʵ, λ
ԽӺȻ, ľĵط
ֻһ뵽֮ǵҵݶȻǵһԣλĽҲȻͬ⡣ȻЩҪһеǰᶼҪмҵĴҳ֧֡
迴βĹ񻪹ؽһ£ǸҸú̸һ̸
ʥּ֮ǰѰ·񻪹Ҳղסˡ
뵽ͲæŸţλдһͨһû˯²Уֲ֪޾ôῴбꣿ
ֽˣǸɵϡ
Ͼ˸ӣȻȵ˽ٻء
ڣΪδķӣбҪΪмҾĻǱΡ
뵽ǰȥѰѧ׼Ϥһѧ֣˳һԵѧϰȣһÿΣԴѧ԰ɡ
*
˫̥֪ΪӶǸһѧʱ˵ͶʱųһԲ
С˾Ҫ飿
跴ʵΪβУǴ´ˣԽλָ̡΢΢һЦ׺ͣЦͬһ㡣
˫̥æʣôֵģ
䣬ʮơ
裬¡СæСӲ̫һ಻ã
С˪ѵͬõĻܸѧǫͣΪӣ˵࣬һ񻹵ñģȻˤ˵һҲۣΪĴСǰ൱衣
ر𰤷˻ҸͶ״ȻѪͷ˵ϡƻһټԻ䲻иʵ򻹲Ǹװɷ
һ·ĺƢûܻʱС˪ʣ裬𣿡
ͷʣǲ巣𣿷İɣҲᣬҲ÷վ
ģһҪǣС˪ֵ
ΪʲộֻʣһѧˣҪþأС˾ˣǣòãһѱסĸ첲۾˿
գգ۾ĵġ
ҲͷۿǣġС˵
С˾ˡ˲ϣһӦ
ЭˣʵѾ̶ˣСҡ
Ү̾͸һ߸ߣϲС˾ˣ
裬㲻ٿǿ𣿡˫̥ʧ
ģվƢᣬ˵ϸķȥѽ
ҡҡͷԣ
˫̥ͷĸˣ·ӹ˸ѧĿþҸһЦҲŲڴ
Ϣͨܿѧõѧ֪ˡ
һÿαֱӿңΪ꼶͵꼶ʮ꼰µĺͳİϡ
мҾ谴ŵڵҪѧСС͵ȴվǹѧԳ͹ȥΣ඼ǰ֮ѧ꼶İϣ󡣸ݸѧķʵҲ࣬Ǿˡ
˷ܵڵһţĺҲͬһ飬Ÿѧ߽һϲЦ
£ҼС˾˿ˣر˵׿˵ģԲģ÷վ״ԣҷİɣ
ͲǱ裬ȺǰҲͷһ
ôһ˵ЩӾ͸ˡ
̫ˣǲ˯ˣһ۵ûš
ٺ٣ſΣȥɣ˵к̹öء
аа
˿̸ѧһ
˲䣬˽ʧˣ˴֮һ񣬵ŷſ֮
ӽС꼶з̵һҪúö飬мǲ˵ˣ𣿡
ǡеĺӴش
ѧǿ裬Цŵͷȥɡ
£ѰңԼԸЩƤ
á
ѧˣعͷС˾˵һ岻ãǲңûУ
ס
ģǻǸġ
һ˫˫۾ضѾ֪˭ˣμ棬λָ̡ӽǻദܳһʱ䣬һͬѧϰһͬΪҸǵľ룬ҲΪ˱˴һͨһѡһ೤ԺҲõҵɣκҪֲ֪˵Ҳ֪ҡ
˵ʮλĺӣëԼƾٵ𣿡
䣬еĺӶ뿴
С˾ˣӣʲá
躬ЦͷãϿ֮ǰ˽һ¸λѧϰһòԡ
á
ԣ
ʲô
еĺ
ĸλЩŸûϼÿΣЩѾѧһ꣬꣬ˣĽȶһҸݸ߷ӸѧϰλһԾչʾһ´ҵʵˮƽҲðŽȥѧϰ񡣡
ȡһԾ˵ڵ㵽ֵȡԾ󡣡
Ծʲô
µȥùһֻֽһ䣺ú೤
೤ֺȻ˶ͷԼֽһ֣ѧĲ࣬ܿ־ʼݣһУÿһһֿȱƺд
˵ʼ֮Ǹ־Ͳˡ
ܴʶŵдģνĲԣ

ʯ롣
С

һֺҶԼֽɶͷԣ˴˻࿴š
߷־ΪɣҪдλҲˣֶпȱģЩȱֶӦѧҲϰǵǽȷȥɼɡڿʼɣһÿεʱ䣬㹻ˡ


еĺӶˣһ۾ԼľӣĿࡣ
ɣҪǲأ˿ԾͷеΡ
ǰЩѧҲûѧͦõ֣զǵã
ЦûϵͿţҵĿ֪ʶֵʵˮƽѧţԽֹͷӶףߡ
ᣬզ
ĻǷվ
߸ߵ
辪ȵ˵Ҳôôģһ˫˫۾Ц˵Ƿſ֮󣬱ߣһġνá
ѧ֪Ϊʲôһ䣬׷ëëĸоǷ鱾Ĵ֮Ҳʵ
һץסǱȴĸ߳ܣ
һʣΪɶס
ûУھͿʼɡ
˵꣬ѰһЦеʮӣģ˵Ǳ飬һǸƢˣɾǡ
С˾˺֡
ʲô
Ц滢
󣺡ӵؿԼľӣűضſȱĵط૵̣С˾˻ǣҪ𣿡
ڴʶŸѧҡͷԣ֮󣬸ѧ־еĴ͵һʣ򽲽⣬ʱЩСҪô֣Ҫô͵͵ŷſδſαˣʾ֭ػЩֳɶ
ǽ̹ˣ˲Ǻ
̫ʹˡ
һŤͣﲻ߶߶ñץһȥ廨ţɶУûŵһǳɵġ
Щ̧ͷ뿴ڣһȾʹǰ洫Сһתͷͼȴº͵üۣһ˫۾ô㡣

ʵʮŵѧ־һΪ̳̣ЩⲢѣѡΣԼȱٵǸݽȺܷӦˮƽ
ȻǸ߹ˡ
ȵൽʱʱˣ±ʰɣдôҲд󣬰Ծ
Լȱһֹ֣̾ؿ裬С˾ˡ
£˵ĿռɣͿˡ
ǰſΣҲ£ɲ֪ΪΣûһӸ˵ģԾһߣֿ޵øо
ȥ緹ɣÿμҶ˾ӣὫҵĿκҵ͵˵Ŵӹӡ
ҵ˴󾪡
԰Ȼ֪ԼȻҪúụ̀ģѵġ
ƮƮһ仰ͺƴɽһѹںӵϣȥˣûˡ
ģһ߷ӣ
󡭡
ңҲ֪һߡ
ڵ˫̥һ뿪ӰĽſΰȻ
˪㣬ұܽǾͺˡ
ΪɶͷɥģɻӦҰһѾӳȥ𣿡
ǰ֡


94 Ӧ
˫̥֪ʲô, һˣææؿ裬, һȻڿԣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ľ, Ȼػشô֪ѧĺòأε֪֮ǰϽ̵ûգ
ˣ̲סʣԺ󻹻ῼ𣿡
ᡣ϶
ͿյľӾ֪ûп, ûѹĶ龿иʲô̶, ѧ
ƣһƬƬĿհףЩɶǸѧ̹ġ
ţʱǰһڡ
ʲôʱ򿼰, ĻѲԺͷÿԣССĵʡ
Ҳǿ, С, ƵʵĻһС⣬ʮһ, ܻϲ, ƽʱʱĬд, κؼҵ, ޶֮ӦҲˡ
̲ᣬô˴⡣, һҲѧᷴҲļҳͶߣҲڸϾͺľԣӦԽ, ɼ, Чϲ, ɼһС
ɵһ仰, ǴЦ˵ġ
˫̥ԶʱĬȻ̲סµүˣҺ費ǲǡ
ˡ
ŷᣬ󺰵ҪС˾ˣѧģ
Ī֪ҰŵĺɣռǶʱ䡣
ģе㲻š
š˵ͷЦֻҪϿúøҶ֣κٻһʱдҵÿǰԾѧݣȻܹӦԿĬдӿȣһѧճ֣ǱԿʼѧǲ䣬ѵġ
ѵġ
㶵ؿ裬ܾС˾Ƥһһϣһɽѹͷϣִĸо
С˪Գ˳ǣôоȥܿŻˡ
ʧЦ㣬ǶԿƾʲô⣿˵ţ̧ͷ߽ĸѧ񣬡ô
ѧ˼Ƭ˵뿼ţͨ徭ʽѧɵעȻģʫĸ踳ƽѺ϶ûᣬ֮ݸһͬ븮ԣǰé߷ܵô˹ˣּƯ򿼹ǲͨġ
˵Žеһݸ裬ǵҵӡ壬裬ɻ֮ҡ
ã򡣡˹ȥŵһߡ
˫̥Ǻһ
ֱӣĿɿڴ̸˵Ķɶ
һֶ
С˪˵ǺôҲѧ־ǲҲմߣ
˳ǣ㣬־飬Ұ֮ǰ͸ܱдˣƾû˿
˫̥ƭ˵İɣô֣Ȼд
徭ָ
֮ǰǽġ֮һѧ֮⣬С
ǲҲ뿼ţŬˡСֹ̧ǣԼеʡ
ʱ򣬸ѧʣ裬֮⣬Ƕѧʶд֣
ſЩѧճ֡
ô졭ѧ˼ܸҿЩԵľ𣿡
ǽĺõľӵݸ
ѧⷭ˷֣ɵЦô࣬Ƥ֮ǰѧĶˡӴλ֣Ȼȱ첲ȣҲˡ
ѧ˵Цݡ
˫̥һ飬̲סʿˮȻ߷ӵ鲻̫á
յԼϣ˫̥æתƻʣ裬󿼵ô٣
ҡ
󺰵С˾˱ǿҶûдܲ˼
ʱһͳʲô𿴣ȴˡ
游
̫үү
һһ׷ױȭıȭҾҾ
Цӣ裬һȥȺû
ףοܸӣͦġ
ʾ棬Ȼ̧̧°ͣտʲôأ
ľӡС˪С˵
ίС˾ԺͷҪԣ̫үүҲ̫
Ϸ򿴿ҼӦѧˡ
һţЦгľӵݸ佱ͦãʮգĸ
棬ƤӶ˶Ȼ򵥵ѽ
ˣ˵һ ᱳ󣿡 
ţһᱳͲд˵ѧ񣬡̷ġ
ѧͷĺܺá
Ÿ
Щӣҷִ඼ᱳǲдѡԸѧ
־ϿڣڱУȻôɣѧ˵˼ؿʣ裬ȥôڿΣ
ֹ󣬾˫̥Ҳ䣬ؿСӡ
õȻдСҿˮƽһģԽͳһݡϵýķʽ⣬ʵʣÿÿ֣ѧд
ѧ˵ͷһûҪֻҪǰһͰӷˡ
ʵӻؼҵ˵Ĭд
ѧһν⣿
˼Ǹһſκ᲼ϰ֣֮бУ´˿ʱòԣ˵д߳鱳ʽԴ˹̡
Ҫдأأ̲סʡ
κ±һֱдóóΪֹһ
һҲдأʡ
ЦûϵǾ͸һÿͬͬסҶеģ游Ӧÿ԰ɣ
һӣһЦԣϷҪļСôϡ
˫̥ǲҲÿϣǱ˵ˣؼҵһǵñԼҵȣһΣ
ݣ
˫̥ķͬЩĺӡ
ԼСܱģĺֺѣһеģ
ѧźͬظ꼶ӦҲһģԺҲɡȻ鷳ЩǸѧϰǼ¡
ʲô
ģ
˫̥һģԵˣû뵽ջյϣ
ЩǿɶʶܿʲôС˪
ָ°͵Ƕȥˣ֮ģ뿼ʲôͿʲôѧôˣôдͨ˳˰ɣ
ѧףȻ˫̥Ҫ˵ȴ΢䣬ᣬӾͰ׵ˡ
˲˫̥졣
ʵÿδ󿼿ԽʵʣȻмҾĺȻӾ游߽Щ⣬дսǷȫ棬͸ˡ
У͵˭дúãϷؽ
ѧһǾ͵γ˭ѧúã˭ѧĲãһĿȻ
úȻǰͷɿòôѽСŤʡ
ɰշƣͼߣ˾ԣûɹȥġ
զ
ͱˣڼŬɣؿһΡ
һؿҲûأ
Ϸѧɵӣôܹ
գգ۾ⲻҳ
˫̥
󣺡
ÿ£˲֣ǰ;谵
Ȼˣ۵ʲôͷɥģ޾񡣡
ͳһ˱졣
̾һͷ۶飬Լúѧ͵Ժ͵óԶٿ͢䲼ѾˡĹд޵Ļ͵øһˣ֪˲ҽͣŪأúö飬ǣűߣ𣿡
󲻶˫̥ȴ΢΢һ
轫ѾľӽΪ೤㽫Щ͵ͬɣǽģհ׵ϣȻ־һ ֣ÿγ鱳 
󣺡ҪʼСյݿκҵʱı


ðɡѵ
游Ȼ
߰˰֣Ϸ


95 ·
͸ѧ߽鷿, ֱָָϵӦĵģɡ
͸ѧ࿴һۣѧϵ, ܺ, ɼ࣬ѧһָ裬Լٱ˴˽
һʱ죬üͷɫһ˿, ȻѾˡ
̨ǾǻǵطעţµĶȻû뵽⶯ȴǼ
˾˾迴, Ĳ, ǷҲǸߴ֮⣿
ѧף, ʱãȻҪרָ, ͳ, ˾, ֮⡣ЩйͬĽѧ񲢲⣬ɫԻ˹Ȼ˶衣
ʵں, ҲרųһرŻС, ֻĵǣ, ЩԱӺζ
ѧش𣺡˾, ˰, ˮ̲˾񲿿ƾ٣ѡ٣ƹͬԼѡ½ʿΪ顣
迴ǾͿϧˣ⵱ѡĴǶ֮ˡ
ѧ뿪̫ˣЩԱİȻô˵ʮа.ţֻ̾ϢǳƵĺûᣬô⣬ʵʩȻǮйء
˾ϸĹģ˵߷ƽ䷨ô£ѾʵʩˣƵĺ÷
ɳŹ뾩ǧ͵ϵϢͺһ¡
ν߷ֱյۣǲǮķʽǮֲԸ֮˿Ǯ򣬹ٸȡǮ֮ٹӶûǮİˮ·Դ˴ﵽ˫Ӯ֮١
еͨǰжǮܹ޼ԾҪԭͲҪ۵Ĺٻ˼ң۶ֽν֮ǮȻϰЩվһӴ֡
ָе˵˲ʵʵǮƶЩֺū澣⼸ǮһЩΪ۵ũµİյõҲһ¡
游̫ˡѧǮǵ˰ġ
ü
˵ֻҪǮȻҪԼпÿǮ䵽ʵһ䲼˾ֻҪطʩѹЩ󻧵Ǯȷٽֻǳ͢⣬漰ĹԱڴԼСڰգֻҪۣѾллء
ߣǡǺòߣɵؿѧ
Ǻòߣ֮ܲȻǰ˫нԱۡ
ںκη䲼֮ǰĸдĵ飬ʾʵؿ죬һеǰ׼ŻѡһԵЧ
ʱͰ䲼棬ʲô׼ûУֱһԴ²й
ѧ֮ǰ辭̸Ѿʶ̾ƽ䷨ֺγΪðиԳ֮͢ʹƽ⣬ʵʩУôףһһ漰̫˺£æΪ©ٳ
ǵԤѾس棬ѧƮƮһֽģüΪء
ȻЩ̫ϵ
裬ѧϷϸûᵽһ£ǿǲǻỺһʡ
мҾ˵ϢϢصıǾķ
ѧ͢ǹ飬֣ȥľٴȻΪƣԾĲ̫졣
Էġ
ȻȴҲиūһҪɫضûôˡԣ游Ҳ°꣬͸òǡ
ѧһͬͷ
ʱ˰֣ãϷȥɣȳǵˣƽϡ
ѧˣ迴Ÿѧصɫ˵ɫ磬ܵ𣿡
Ȼԡ
ѧϡƵԺ߽ûʲô̫ǰ涼һСУϡڸʱǹá
鷿͸о˺Щ飬һŵܣ涼ˣڷʱ鷿Ҫࡣ
νһۡ
ѧһܾ̾ЦиȤĿԴ߿껹ǡ
áҲǻǰżһѰ˼־ò̸֮
࣬طҵƾصȴףѧ񿼽ѧʺѾ׼Ը׫д̰ˡʮûƾ٣¼Ƕѡ
裬ѾȥŸĺѣǽԺЩѧʣϤϤʽнϴĺô
žͺá
˵ȡϵһ飬Ѿı׼ո壬ҳݵʱ򣬲㶣Ȼ˸ѧ
򡭡
ѧͷôˣ˹
һھͺˣֻܽѧ񿴡
˵һ֪ѧ竿黰ȻΥͣҲ˵ùȥһĸѧ񡭡Щ
ѧƵط˷һͺˣ͵ܡ֮ǰûϸݣָˣû뵽ȥյ
汻֪ʱ򻹲ҴŲ˼ѧ͸˵ˣ˭Һӿǵñȣ
ѧȻĽ򣬵ҲڿʦѧǺ޲طȥǱ˵һΪϲ𶼲Ϊ
Ȼȴֹ򣬱գܸܲѽ
ѧ㶣üҪ
ҡͷǣϲ˵ɵǧѱǡӲȴƫƫָƵģ̲ס˴ǣûʲôãϲֻӴʱ䣬ԽѪԽͷ򣬸Ұɡ
轫ıźãѧֹǶô˵ˣҲҪֻܵܿ㲻ܿ㻹Сڡ鰮һ²¶ʶ˼÷ڶϣ򲻿ӡѧɤӣЩΣΪڿ֮ʦǵȰŮб𣬽㽫аĽ֮ҲԽסˣ
ģҼסˡ豣֤
Ů˽һҲ̼ڣڵӾӰС˵ǵصʱû̫Ȥ
δ£ʣǲǴдŵǣ
ѧ¶ȡ
Ц˹¶ԷУҲôؿʧܰɡ
ԣѧͷ·䲼ٶȣ裬Ϣ編ҲԶˡֻҪһ뵽֮뵽գҪѽ
赭˵ûá
Ĳֻ֪û취ѡ
۵ѾȥܿǷԲ˵ġ
ѧЦ֪ҲǸףһƽգʸָֻţǲдҹȥԼ裬ȰֺһһڴϢĻᣬҲֵõģȻ˳ˡ
в̣¶ʹϧ
ûޣ˶˵¸صĴ壬֮ʱǧѧǧͣʹ飬ⲻֻǿʣĶϱܿʲôǹ
ĬȻƬ̣Ұһдɣı׶˾ܵظȻ˽αҲ棬Ƿ֮ˣҲһС⣬ɴҲдһݣȻðܿ࣬Ҳѫҵ棬ҵֹһһȥ·Ӻˡ
ѧһͷʣܹϵأܲ游塣
Ӧûƽɣɴ˳ҲдһŸү룬Ƕģᴫô
ѧ̾ܵл
һЦʵȻѾʼˣǲܹô˻Ҳʵʩ
ѧ˼˵ȴ֪ɻͬ⣿
һӦǲܾģڴ֮ǰǵͬУܰæһȰȰ𣿡


96 
мҽûͻ, ϡһ糾߽Ժӣһ߸£һ߶Ըѧ˵ȥѧ֮, 󿴼Ƶߡ
ѧЦ˵ϰĿ̿࣬ʱϰ, ˶٣ȷиÿν꣬þĬдд, ЩӼϤ, ǶԵȷ಻ԡ
ϡƽѵһ, ȵô
򲻷, Ӹ⣬ĥˡ
ϡЦˣѵЩƤû֣ЩСӿ첻µز£ʱ游û취
ѧ˵ôû֣мǲСΪֱӱߣôţ
ôţ
赱յ, ֱסСļ, һߺҩһ߿ԣͬһȥģΪľȰСúö顣
ϡü岻ûȥ
ѧ˵һֱ, ޷ǡ쿴һЩѡرн
ϡƶʱȻ, СܲνСӰ, һƢ𱬣ԵţСӲñƨɿ
費ô˵ѧӵΣҪȴȻôס죬Ҳûô߶ԹԵؿ飬ȻСʵˡ
ѧ֮һƢԽǴԽǲԽҪŸɣĳһ㶼һ塣
Сѵ֪ô𣿲ǣǾѧѡ
ɵһ壬ҩڶûϸȰúѧζԼϵʱ֮ıһһĿԱ
мҽÿƿ˵Сļ֣οأ
죬Ͷˣʵʵ֣öдͶдͷĥƽͲ˵ˡ
Ƕ˵۾Ƕࡣϡƻóױǰ£ѧվͷϵӣų˵ʱȥʮ꣬һֱڷңѧ𣿡
ǲǾʲôϡʡ
ѧ˵ͷϡϼ򵥵ķ٣ڼо˰뱲ӵòκ˱Ҹ˽⣬СС͵ȴһۿ͸ֽ棬ҡǵȴ⣬Ӧ֮ߣȫȻ޴ӷһܳɹȻʵ֣
ϡƺ⣬Ӿһ·е֪Ĵϻۻȴû뵽ѧۡ
Ǵ˳ʵۣѧԺйעٴ̽ɹʧܵĿܡ
ǲ̫ˣ
ѧԵˣǿ֮𣿡˵¶̾ҵܵܵĲŻҸ˵һֻǿϧҵˣȻʣȻϲ񣬽Խ̵ڡԷĳɾȻĵӲҪͨͨмӣʵ⡣
ϡ˵էȻϵġùø˵֮ǰδⷽܣǴαģ֮˾Ͳһ·ʲôͨ͸
ԭˣǿ⡣ѧӣˡ
ϡͭ￴˿һЦߵߣ裬ʣȻô˵ѧʶȻҲˣܿ岻ãۣɱ˱̫ʵǽڣܲܿҲҪ
ѧʧЦСˣ񷴶Լѧʲ
ϡԾȼˣ֮ǰǾˣⶼ
ѧҡͷ˵˲֮ģϡƣɲˣʱգȻһϧܽʵҲ
˵ѧǷ
ѧѧʣϡһֱ÷ǳ˲;ţȻǸнʿѧʵģͷϵ¶ζº񣬼ʹѣ֮˵̶ҲδйԹˣԱϡơ
ô죿
ѧĺûʵ̫ϧѾȥϵĺѣ֪û˭Ը̵ֻ·;ңԶһʱòڴ֮ǰſ£һһ
ŵĻĵطǲݣ
ѧͷû⻹ڴ֮ǰȵùԺ͸ԣȡͯʸĵطӺºͰµ³һ
Ӻϡƾ뿪֮ʱϧһˣʱü
ѧˣôˣ
ûʲôǿҲ죬ﶺӦҲްϡƵ
ѧЩԺ̫ȥΪʲô˵軹Ҫá
ʲôϡƾȵΪΣ
ѧƻԵݸӺһ¸˵󣬡ܹ֧֣ǾһٺòˣϡƣⱲΨһִǿܹɹһᡣ
ϡƣǡùûᱩġ
ѧ񲻽⣬ô˵
ϡûֱӻشֻǵʵ֪⣬һûоʲôطԾ
ѧɻ󣬡Ծָʲô
᲻һ˺ȻɵЦֺȻ֮ǰ
֮ǰǲǡѧ𾪣ŵɲ˵ʮ壬Ѳˣ
ûа
ûСѧȻΪʲôô룬л֮Ӻ
ϡ費˵ˡ
ѧ˼֮ǰ鷿һ飬һСūڵڶ棬ҼǵЩģһûü
ϡƿôˣ
п𣿡
ȻûУҶԶûȤ˭أǳȥ飬ܵøȻЩô
ѧЦõôҲ΢һǱ飬Ľȴʫǡʻ

һ迴ˣҵʱ޵ݡѧ죬ɵĺƤ
ϡţʱЦ͸Ĳͳˡ
ѧһۣôɣ˵ȥô㣿
ҲںЩҲ˵ϡνأ
ˡ
ϡƾɵȥʲô
ѧ˻ָ˵˵ˣûʲôãϲ飬֪˭𣿡
ϡ˲棬˾е㲻ˡ
ѧһģʱȻʣѲɻУùúǽ˷ԣǺ˼ҵŮҲԣһҲῴ顣
òöνǡϡ¶ԥ룬Ȼյѧ˵˼䡣
ѧͫһ𾪣˵ֱϣдţôأ
뾭ѵļֱʮ˽ܣһ˸ȡ
ϡֵ̯ˣʱҲڣضóҺû˵Ƕᣬ˷ֿôһ˵
Ȼģְö֪˸ѧᣬ˹ȥ
ѧȻֲ軹ҰȰ˵ǣѾˡ
ϡһüһСӡ
ѧ̾ϡƣҵջԭĿҵܵܲ˼ݣҲеҪԸ⣬ɲùùúǷˡ
*
ڶ峿ɫ
Ͼ£ֵʣү˯һ
гԣܼ游
ϴ߽鷿ȡǷţĿƳһԵġūЦЦ߳Ժӡ
ϡ֮꣬ƽǿ岻ꡣԾ˸Ȼ޸ĺǰܡ
߽ԺУͿˣǹ쪣溮ˣʱǸ䳬Ⱥ
Ϊкӣ˭ǹûѪͷһԼǽǣôҲѧϸһаʽ
Ҳмҽǹд裬һһʽȴûһһƺҲѡ
ͻȻǹԱ֣裬ǶȻȻʲô˼
ԼĻȭȣڨڨ游Ҿ㿴ǹ᲻
ھǵʱԹǰ.ǹûȴԼĽֺͷʱˣεεĹﶼʡ
û£ǹǾ͸游ȭмȭҲԸ𣿡
ѾдůŻţмһѾȥ며磬ǹ֮ϳ˺ֱӾŵ£ϡܿ¡ļ䡣
δϣԸһٸ´ࡣ
ʱȲѣ˵ͷһڴӦԸ⡣
عһЦ׸ȥˣ
ԣǰ⿪磬£̲סӣоһ˿쬡
̲סЩ˰ǰƨϳʭӾµĳСʲô𣿡һܶ־ʣһܶʾ֡
ǹҡͷʵãƣ룬ƽʱ￴ĽͶҩóţϷ˵ˣǵöද輤ңȭǿЩʲӵĲҩǿˡ
ߵߣ˵ҲΪҺá
ϷҲǰ˵˵Ůļ򿪣£游׼򵥵ܿͲˡ
á
ǳԲˣͺͣӲţǾˣˣ
á
ˣ˰


97 ƽ
, 𣿡
ˡ
ͣ¡ȭͷЩ裬̧̧֡
ǽ˹, һ˲
ôǲ̹ˣʡ
Цŵͷмȭ𣬺ͦ򵥡
Ķܰ, ʽ, Ϳʼˡ
ԭˣеĻȷʺϲߡ
˵ŶűվŵĳշԸ, ү, ˡ
̶, 贩á
˵Ϸʹʱ, ˵ʵԶһҴҸ˵һ˵, Ȼˣվ
һ
ʲô, , ɳطֲ, Լǿ, ʲôʱܺãĳ, մȭ۰ɣǣΣ
ν˶⻰ֱ̫еˣÿ𡭡еѣȫ³
ǲÿ춼Ҫͷ游ڡ
󡣡ȻһȻͼһǱСﱿ̫ܽүүС˾ˡͷðźһƻһһָͷ˵Ȧ
費⣬ճˣӦڿĹһ㶼Ȧ
ɲСԼߵϴ죬ؿСҲ̫˰ɣ꣡
󽾰ͦͦСظԱѧöҪ˳ȥ裬ȷǿˡ
о̣Ϊϣģﻹ⣬ôͷˡ
гƽפɳŹأǸ䣬ǻڶձҪŮѧɹҪɱȶϰϿĶࡣû취м˵ǲ⣬Ҳǵսġ
û͵￴óˣС˾ô
Ҹ游ѧȭ
ѽ
ûտʼ̫үүһ±ǽС˾𴲣һ˵꣬
𾪣ɣ游Լܹ
һۣϷ֪ѲҪϷȥ㣿
ʵԸѧġ
ݳ㣬Ȼáš
˽ŮĬȻ
ҮͻȻԼ񣬶ʱ̫үүģһС˾͵
ѧﱻѹŶĬдԣ಻Եӣʵ̫ˡ
С˾ˣҪӴһ׼ʱ𴲣һŬţ۾д˻Ц˫һȭѾӣô˵ˣȥȦඣ
СѾͷ迴Ӱ̲סҡͷʧЦ
ûеִĲˣ游緹˳˵˵¡
һ㶣̧
ԴѰϷĪѧȭģ
ЦЦ游Ӣ
緹Ȼȥ鷿轫ŵ˹ȥ
һҪҪʱ䣬ֻǴִһѾȲѣ¾㣿
ݲ֪ͬǲΪ֪˼ֻᾪһ޹ʮ꺢ӣ֮޾ϸظ֪ǵĸνͣ
Ϊ游ŵĩβҵλţ
Ļһۿ˹ؼ񻪹ءʱ۾ѵûж񻪹ؽ
ףⲻڵĴ𸴡
ϷĴ𸴣һ䣬˼ֱ裬⻰˼ֱԡ
ЦЦ˵Ͳˣ游ĳ·뵽𣿡
˵ֱ룬⣬˵񻪹ء
ͷʶޣ˼ȥִɳŹؽջıȨ񻪹ȴõѡ񡣡
֣Ժжʱֳͼ񻪹ɳŹĹؿǼоվܵɳŹؽ޷ֵūʱܹӦмҾһ
뵽صͷõط
۾һ䣬𴽽ǣ֪Ķ
ˡ
̫ˣϲһͬ⡣мҾһֽǽ컹ʿмĸ飬Ǿɡ
游ֻҪūڣϾͲؿ
һʱĿһ衣
˳ȻʲôҲǻ֮ܵ񻪹صؽκ˽˳ȥ˵һͨһϵµظ
񻪹ضս£ҲͻˣǻʵͬʱҪɳŹش󽫣ıȨʹˡ
ܹūˣפشľӺͽмһū֣ؿȣĸͻһݡ
οһһذ䲼Թص˳ɾ͡
סû˵ȥóһǽмҵ񻪹أͲһˡϾɳŹصĴ󽫾ȨɳŹصκһһ䡣ǡ
ֶ˶٣һ
游ǲΪʲô֮ҪôҪôֻܽ񻪹أȨʱ׼áƶ
΢΢ЩŤĲڣĿ˲졣
ɻ󲻽⣺ôˣ
̾Ժ˵עɻ䡣
仰ÿƻصյ㲻췴ϲ˵һ㾴ηûУĴ󵨡
һʱЦգգ۾Ҳ˵˵ѵ𣿡
ԣеһ͸װһˡһеĿ⿴衣
ʲôʱֻھû˭
𣿡跴ʵ˵ǰȥǣ˽ҺΪ˸м·
ͷ·ȴҡ
͢λʵȨΪòɿ϶ɣ治֪ڱͬʱô죿
붯ǻϡ
ҳɱǲõΣԭǣˡ
һпᡣ
ʱ˵ûѾˣ˾Ӷߣ꣬˵ǻϵĶ䣬ϧ
Ŀһ裬һεǰԲѷꡣ
ȻȻ޾壬ԴϬϧͿϧԱƫһ·ıϧϥ޶˳²̾߸ѷɫκӵŮΪԻͣȴӡĳ·øԼǸǵģһƫֻ̻蹫ƽԴĻᡣ
𾪵ؿǰ꣬Сıȴ˵һʵݡ
û㡣
ЦЦҶһ·ұκ˶ϣǾʹûƽӹ
ѵΪ𣿡ʡ
նᡣ
Ϊʲô
û̻ش뵽죬浱ϵƣָӽг磬ȨǾ䡭
˵мΪӶ˱ȨūЦ˳ջ޵ġ˵ĻαλΪлȨ
гһ仰΢΢һɫ˵͵ġ
ǣҿκһ£ܿչϣҲһ֮
˼ȻϲȽλ곤ĻӣʲôûУᵽʺӺʲôܸʲô᣿
Բδκγɣ游ΪʲôûУпûϰĵؽ񻪹أΪʲôûУǵ֮⣬õһƽȰĻɳΪʲôûУһŬĳɹŸϧɹĸԸظᣬ𣿡
ʲôûУȴʲôˡ
ԹͶԽԽã֮Ż
ʱûʲôƽԣ˵ﶼעûĴڣҪᣬֻȡֻѡ
ĻһһУһһĺۼ裬ͷһ£Ҫʱúϸһ¡
Ϸøһ¡
Ȼǵ·ش𣬡ȸˡ
³һ˻֡
ŮغΪ˸ӻû뵽һ·ǰߣ·֮ϡ
ĳ͢ڶ·Ǹг⣬ôȴֻиĵ룬Ȩʧ
֪ʲôȻ˾ȴӡ
ˡſյ鷿³һ
ȷΨһѡ


98 
ջصԺ, ϾӭүСͶүˣá
ϡƺ͸ѧһ
΢΢һ㶣߽, ѧߺȲ, Χ˿, ʵأ
㲻, ȥùǶѧ񲻷ȥ裬ջ¶ѯʡ
ȥ游

ҡҡͷĳ·˾񻪹һ¸˸ѧ
ԣѧ㵵, ƺš
һЦʣô
㶼Ҹ游ˣѵûа𣿡ѧɫӣյ, 游ͬġ
յ, һڣԸҲôã, ͽʱ, Ϊ£
ἰˣѧ¶ԥһ˿ݵΡ
Ϊ, ˷ʿ, ἰʵЩǿ, ȻֲòΪǰ޵ܣҲӵѧѧܷβܡ
ȻŷĻìܵط֣õѡҲǼչ̫ĺô֪Ǽ£ֻһ֮˵мÿһˡ
ǡ
衭
ţ
ѧ³֮ȴΪѵûл¡
ֹģϡƣٳٶۣҲ˶ߣʧЦȻãûʲôܡ
Բס裬׳Ļ
ѧû˵꣬ͷһա
˽ү
Ÿ򿴿
ǡ
ѧһɵؿ裬ЦЦֻȦɼû˯ðɡ
ѧЦף裬¡
Ϊ飬ۼΪʵԼ
ǺһֽԼûôհ
ѧһȡţϸϸı͸Ӹˡ
ݣϡƷַֺϺϵ͸дʱϲֲұ¶ű΢Сìܺͼ尾·̣ͬܡ
𣿡ʡ
ѧŷ˻ȥʧˡ
޷վȻˣǾһȥĸװɡ
裬ûʲôҪ˵𣿡ѧ񲻽⡣
Цаܲ˾ظһΰɣ̫Ҫˣϣ붫һ˵ɡ
һƬκεŭԼΪ˵Σ·û֮ڿڵӰ졣
ʱĺܻɣֻʮꡣѧվ
Цʮ壬ʮ𣿡
ѧʧЦҿҲǡ
ֽӣȻѾȥˡ
ϡݶĿⲻɵڸѧϣ߲֪õͷҡͷֻпЦ
о仰˵û˭󣬲ܹҡ
㡣һȻЦȻǶڣҾͲˣԼлҪ˵
ݺϡ̸£֪ӵĴųԲɫһ
迴Ѿսƺϸһ̾Ȼɫȥʮ꣬Ҳʹһű֮ģȴ޴ʩչɣϧ
ˣ˰¶ھΣûиһ塣
裬Ҫ˵ϡü
ҡͷ㣬ҲԹǳһʵҺܸмδңлվܹ֮
ҲҪʲôرһƽõı𡣡ʵ˵
Цⲻͻϸչ£ܹ˲ʹ糣һߣȻҾܹˡ
һҪƾ٣Ҫ٣Ҫվڳ֮ϣȨΪֻܾ֮ߣӵбʸҲܱװļˡΪٶŬٶļҲҶ⸶
˵Ҫƾٵʱ򣬲ݻмҽöû̫£ܿãҲûϵΪԸⱣΪڷ絲ı۰
Ƿγôġ
·ѣΪ죬ˣ֮˺֮࣬ٺõҲҪȫԸпӱ𣬽򣿡
ѧ˵ͷʿʺŬ֮ˣѧʴý̤ʵأһĶľš
һȥѣʹûоȴҲ
ڶȻǸߴ֣ȴ˶ϢϢءӦúǺòߣ˶˵ѪȻϧûһõĿˣһõһѭ򽥽Ƶֻʧܡ
ѧ̲סһ̾ѾǰͳȥˣǧﱼϮԶǣ֪ܲܵһá
ʵ뷨ӦҲգҲǣԼļ⣬õһϡɹ֮·Ҳõ˽Ͽɣ޷һԣǶź
ϡƲɵ˸ѧ˭ɷ壬ҲóжĶ
Ȼǵ߸һŮÿһλأǿ¸ҵսʿȻ޷һϣΪȡһƽƽ̨޹Աֻʵ֤һУ
ϡƺԷ׷̧۾ݵؿ衣
ÿһ£ҪľһŬȫעгɹĻᡣ㣬ЩǰϲϲңϲϲҪ𣿡跴ʵ
Ƕ縺ʹ֪ԼΪʲôƴΪһóĻӣӵбҸѹʲôʲôֻվ̲סʱӦĸ飬Ըݣǰߡ
˵֮ӼžĿɿڴܴһʮĻ
ɤӵϳɣҪƽ̫ࡣ
ϳܹ͵𣿡ѧ૵ǿ˰ɡ
𣿡ǰϥ˵
ط޽ǵͷ㶼˵ˣвֵ֧ĵһǾ仰̫ǿԼɺã
躬ЦŵͷҪʮţաϡƣ㡣
ϡƲ˲ı𺳵ˡ
Сꡣ䣬֣мҾж֣ȻᣬǱȴģǿظ֤ǿԵΣһ档
˾ǲţΪŮӣ֤ԼʵĻᶼûС
ϡļǵã׺岮һԸصӾ͵УŵڿλɵÿǰΪľȨ
ȻǾҪϵֳƺΪĳĳˣںլ֮УΪһĳԺӵĸΣһֻһ˺һȺŮ˴򽻵ΨһαŮ̵λҲòǹǧ۳һԭ
Ƕʱ䣬Ļּ̿ˣ²ԲԲԭããĮֻܳΪһּȥ
ȵԸԸʱ߽²ʮ˫̥ҡͷǲԸʳٺãҲԸ
ܾһףסԼǹһѰ֮·
Ȼ׻ͻ¶ϣ¶ɺгĳ׿мŮ׸
Ҳҵ˸ѧ񣬻ϲƣ꣬ȴкõĽ֡
˵µãδѩ󵨣ǮƤһԣޱΪޱĺƽֱһ˯
ֶһΪȡŬһ˹ͬĻĵܵܡ
ϡƺȻˡ
裬лл㡣ܽɲɣԶǣϡƵǶһȥͣſֽȥԸһ֮
躬Цá
*
ϣټ˺£˼ٶǱλҳѾͬ˴¡
磬ϡƣΣ
гѾ˵ⷬδйļᶨȻ趼ԸΪȡᷴԣ෴ض֧֡
ãһķ֣Ϸ׼ȥŸɴ¡
˶˵ͷ
ЦȴȻ۾ȻһԺС
ĶӳԲκˣģŬܶʱ򣬲Ϻȡ
뿪ɳŹأмҾȴܴߣڽԼ߽øβ͹ܲˣҲֻ֪һգҪصƬȰء
*
صԼԺ֮ſհֽþ÷
ݺѾ˽һ£ܻˡ
ԭҪľдϣվЩһ٣Ի̷
ġ޾ϸֻԺˮҲΪ˱ᣬӦĴҲô
ǡûʲôдˡ
һ̾Щգһֶ˵ƺҲãԵԼ̫飬ϾһСδɾͼλˡ
үҹˣްɡϾȰ
ǲܰҹģҪ˯ߣڶձÿմ磬СͷضĴǰȭ
ѾԶȥˡ
룬ϵǱūŽŷվȥɡ
һ𣿡
ԣһӡ
дˣĻҪеģƣİüϣ˼˰ɡ


99 鱾
ʵ費, Ҳ׼浱ʮûյ֮ʧֱ糱ˮһ㽫û
ģÿÿѯǷżʱ, СӶ, ڴ, Сү͸ģôǣ壿
ǷŴֿȫӺĲˣ˭ֽǻꡣ
СүŲйˣ
СӲ˵ʱһ, Ҳˡ
¡ձ򷢵ͻȻ˻۾һ, ô, ɳǻˣ
һ, æҡͷûС
զզɶǲүܲ, һۣôˣ
˹ġ
üͷһ, ¶Ź֣Сһ, үɶʱ͹ȥģ
Сش𣺡һ¡
δ֪ı, ӺĶ޹ءе
£ǡ
в, ͢ϣ, ôûжЦһ, , СͷôνˣԲҪԱ
֪ݻڣ͹֮±µĹٶϴһȻλѾԲ֣Ͼ޳͢ʽֻݴ⹫ͽ
ԲӹСĹģϸϸĶϲɵ¶ȣ£Ȼµ
˳ĹƶȻÿٰ֮ʮ궼һƳ³£ڻϸһЩѭһ˵ܡ
һΧĹԱҲ
˾˾ͳ£µʱãǣΧ㡣
ԲݹϾܿЩȷеʶ
漰ķ浱ȻֻЩ˰ۣоӸƣƾѡ١ŵϰɡ
ô࣬˴Ķô֮ǰδ˵˲
ȻӺƫƧԶ뾩ǣ̶ϢҲ̫ͺ˴·֮ǰǰڱȻ׼©Ӻûһ˿ϢʵЩ֡
湴˹䲻ȵȥ궬űٻس͢ΪľտĹ⣬ʱӺڴ֣ǵȻû˵
Բףԭˡ
˼ģȤʣǿ۷ʲôоòã
Բ˼Ƭ̣ش𣺡£չдøİǮۣӶƶ֮޽£ȷһ¡۱ϾվӣռʱֺװЩԸǮҲԸȥ£ũ¾ٲ˵Щжֻʣ¼
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дŴҲóǮȻֻǮɣ£ҲһʲСԸǮİû٣ǮӦҲ㹻Ǯˡ
Ǵ󻧣Ůɮڱǲøģһǲ⡣
٣Ǯƽʱ͸輧ּӣݷϰؾ裬ЩСǮʲô͢ˣЩѵҲ𣿡
ȻǰԸңӵһȨ
һ˷׷׵ͷλԱҲͲٷˡ
̾£Ǻò߰λϹȻΪ룬͢ϣҲ޵
һĳޣ̲ס˳ǣò߾ͺãȻÿУǾͲԥˣԲ
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濴һۣñ˽̰֮¡
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浭صͷƽ䷨Ҳȿһ£Ҳ͵ˡ
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СӼˣ̲ס£λƳ·һòߡ
ббһۣүʲôʱ˵ⲻǺòˣ
СӲ⣬Сүѽ
۷軹嶼˵ǺòߣҲеһߣϧ̫ˣӺյ˳С
ѽôˣ
СһµӣǱӺżҡǰûԼҪǮ˸Ҳ𣿿طرǵٻ֮ңеϵģҪȡҪ⵽󷴶Եġ
ӦõɣССʡ
˫ַŵԺϣһ̧һ̧΢עˤʺһɵģȻĵ˰ɣ·ʵʩûǵطٵĿ֮Ǻ廹ƭǿӲܻ˸ǶӣӳǮġ
СӻǲҪ˵ʲôǲǺ¶𣿴󻧵Ǯʹ
Цһ˭˵ʹӺĴ󻧣Ƶصȷʹɸũһԣ
СƺˣӺȥȴһֻϣС۾˰Ǯǵôӡ
ǣտ϶ôЩùĵ軧ջ˫ȣĽƽ壬ѵóֿЦٿطٵĿϣи۷ʱǮ
С۾ӹңûС
ǰ˶ǮУ˶ǮûУԷǵطٵġ
ǰǾЦ
һ仰С˫С۾죬ƺ˵ʲôɺʲô˵
ӰүȻѪֳɲò˵Զ뾩֮ҷֻǵһ£Ϊӣ̫ѡү裬ΪϲʶԼ˸ӶŸ⣬ҵļϻ˵ķ
컨岻ЦЦҾԼҲûôˡ
СЦݣ֮صҲתջôվһСС̫ңԶֻдСһ𳤴ӴıŤԱ֮УԼͽ⣬Ȼˡ
£áСĵ
һЦүȻ۹ˣⶼĹͰȻ˵ЦյץץͷͷԵʣ˵ұôãΪʲôһأүûҪ¸һһü仰Ҳð
Сӣŵ·һ쿪Цһ˳ǣµ˵£ˣūŸȥһɡ
վסүǰ衣쬵ؿ
Сһһ𣬸˻һп˵°ūŲСүش
ŭĿӣСӲ
ͻȻʵ˵үдһô
Сӣ
ϵʣ˵
С̵ūҪǾòôͷ𣿡
Ҳػش𣺡ᡣ
СӸϢľ˵дɣū˿ӱ͹ȥ
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ڶ죬СһյŷʱѾˡ
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Сûʲô£
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СӵɤӶʱģ⡣
ģģͦʵġæ˹ȥСһùϵĲ˲һɨգɫӼ̳ʸ¡˵ŴһӶ˹ȥġ
лл
Сƿţ˵¡
˿һྐྵӣһ߿ͷҲ̧ôͻˣͳȥˣ
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ǡӿĵһ룬̧ͷЦеСӣȻĮûͳȥʲôҳأ
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²µһģ
Сŷ⣬ͦصģСүҲкܶ໰˵ϡ
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ޡһ½ĹƤ³˵֣Ҫӹţֵȥˮүϴ֡
ֹӻңֽŪô죿
ͦСԶˮ裬ÿƲĶʵɿϴ˫֣ٲɣȻȲõСزÿŷ⡣
ϵģͲȼԡˣֱȽʥּҪ򱶣СӶŽ֪ôһţдʲôݡ
ӦܾĮȰ룿
һ²Ժ
ףСүȻһ飿СӾȵؿƤ
Ҳƣŷ⵹˿ͷѾˣҲ˵һ飬ɶûС
£᲻ѽ
Ƿ˷ҳ鱾˶ʲôҲû
ֻһ顣
ôˣΪɶƽ޹һ飿
⾿ʲô飿
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100 ˼
ΪȺ, ԣʻ£˲뵽ıŮ֮䴲ǵ¡
, ⲻܹ, ʵǿ̫, ˵ū, Ծһū, 欽, ֱ, һ־֪ݣǧƪһɵģǿһͷ֡
Ϊռֻͷ߹, СӸһ, ҲͬһӦ, ѿڶ, Сүô鰡
𾪣оһҲĶȥ˸Ǵɳģ
Ǻܿ죬һ, Ӵ¡
ֻһһۣ˵ʲôô, Ǵ, ͷӦʫʸ踳, ٴΪʫʣѧģʲôۡ
ԣ˵뷨ѧ⿴ͲǱ.飡
Ȼ߼߼ǡ
鷿Ȼʦôﲻûһīƣ֪Ǵ԰һ¡
С˲ȻóݵĿ⿴棬¹ȻмʶūӹףСүԽ˵Խ϶ɲСү֮ˣȻʫʿ
Сһͨƨȥ˵ͷͷǵˣǵ£СүΪɶҪʫʸѽ
λһ֪ʫɣǶò֡
СӰ˼֮УȴȻоߵϴһŨŨı֮С
զˣɵػ£
ӣ㻹϶Ȱүúö飬֪һ㰡

鰡ģЩɻ֮£˼ķ濴Ȿ飬˵
ʧƱϣ亮֮УеĻ˲飬ֻʣʵĴ̹ʹࡣ
СӴ˴˵ʵôʫʣɶû벻Ϊɶ뵽Щ
£ūûʲô飬ǲʲô᣿
ûᣬӣ㲻֪·ദôһʱ䣬Ŭ飬ɴȰҲһҿϲ̨Ļڡ˲䣬оĺ˺룬ͬˮһûڣȻҿʫֿµĶǾ鹦붫羲úöֻչҵ棬ίȰ롣
棬𣿡СӾɲ
صصͷʲôͣ
СӣǲӦȿһ飿
̫ˣôΣôڴҵδ뵽Ƿֿ֮ԣʱѣҵ˼ϣνӺ֮ϣط֮͢ϣȴֵطӣʧˣ£һɸ֡
Խ˵Խģô˿ƺҪ޳ˡ
£ūţûôأСӽͰ͵ذο
Գôأ龯棬ø˵´ΣƤˡ
СӣϣԭĹƤ͹ѾæɨһߣϾ;Ǳ飬δ󵨵ʣҪȿ飿һأ
һһʲôѵĻͱү
һЦĿǰⱾͨƤȻȥˣˣͶɣȻҪҾǷʳرҲñʧˣ
ȭͷһĿ˲üᶨ˵öԣѾ̫ˣǸóĵȥ
ʵ۶벻ͷ۵ģιȰѧõĶӾȻΪĳһƮƮ飬Ͳ˻ϵ
ЦǣⱾλûһƾղ²⡣
СԽԽᣬ֪Ȱ룬ֻĵһ̾
Ƿֻд¥Σ޿ȼ𣬵ƣֻ¥֮УʴƮʻ裬һϮȹ£һ˫ѩӯضǰ
СҪչȥƸȴһѽ򿪵ºϣǲţ·ֻþһ㡣
£
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ٴ৵ؽϣͷͬĿСӣȻλͲס棬Ҳ쳤͵С̫ҲƼˣޱʣӣ˵үǼ˼
֮ǰеıʧ˼ڣʹ˼ʹͬһЦѿˡ
СֽţӲͷҲ૵ǰСүʲô˼
˴˾þöӣ·ҪģѰδ֮ա
Ȼûнġ
ĨһƾšȺ顱ľ飬ٵһ
ȻϣرīĶ¥żӾǱǣڲǽָܱ¥䱾ԣ֮Ů֮һŰĥˬĹѪ.¡ڼΪ˱ֹߵ˷ܣ֮⣬Ǵī¶ǣȻⱾȻ͵͵Ų廭ȻֲڣרŵĴȣɽֱ֣˱Ѫϣν˯ǰ
ˣ˳Ƥæٴκϱӣؽ£³һүˡ
Զ׼£СҲ˵£СүǲСĿ飬֪ڣѰǲġ
Сһֱӵʵȴδһ˿һɣšü˼
£СӲ⣬ȻᣬǲӦø˵Ȼôûйⲻ氡Ϊʲô߷ų
ӣ֪˼ˡ

Ϊ裬ôС;Ȼô˷Ȱ˵¶ġ
С˵жʱֲõԤУ˼ǡ
Ϊƽ⣬ϣܸıϲãϲ潫һߣһֲϲ˵ȻΪ֡᣿
ͳѾǷǳ󵨵ľٶֲһֶϸԼֲ˼Ϊˣ˵ʲô
ֻǰҳû飬ȻҲͳ
СһλȻǡСүడ
ϧˣϲΪӣΪ裬κˣүῴһۡն˵
صľ֣СӸжۿᣬĳ嶯
ԳûϵⱲҵѾˣȵڵ£Ƕǡ˵ȻӣһںүȻô˹ĵĻأ֪Ȼðġ
ǰСӺͬ
үܹ
С΢΢զ࣬ѧҪͼǿˡ
ĺ׳־ȴֱץСϵĹӣ˫ȽϣǱūһƬֹˮؿڼ¶ģЦģߡȿרĿһ˲˲ǹƽҳ
СӣȻǲ
ӣˣȥһ
һз·¹ƽ
ǡ
̫࣬ڤڤ֮УСӺȻ
ˣͲ̫ʵ⣬ȻƾпյԲջһԲһ֮ԼܴﵽȻǸŵǣŷžĵ˾ֻʣûйƣܡ
Сһ߳ţһ߸п˵Ӽһû֮ˣϹκʲôҿԡ
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ѵͣ죬þˡ
ĲˣǡưͣԪڣ״Ԫɣ֪
͵һֻ۾ʮ׳꣬ȴȻͷ壬Ŀɣ֮ϡԲϡ
˿̣鷿СӸ֪һˮغ۾ơ
ʲô塣ƳһۣȻ֪˵ΪҪٵȼ²ܼû뵽ô͵ˡ
ȿȡһҹ֪ʱƣֻ廹ǲɵؿһ·ӺνԾͷܹˣˮһɤӵ£㲻Ը̫ã뿪֮һ£ұݶµ˿ãݸ⣬Ϊѹ
ȻѡӺ֪ռ鱨Ҳ޷ǰöԲߡŴ˿緢棬¶Цݣο˵һǶˣһ·ն֪ݣżң̶̲գӺ֮Ȩ֪ЩʵҾȣѾܹһ棬֮硣
ƽʱ֪Ŀ佱涨յȫգ֪ɶǫ飬εǿʵмɱ
֪·Ѿһ飬Ȼ֪ԾʵοƱȨʼиɷ׷£;Ҫõ֧֣λϽмһˣΣܹõӡ󲻴
ҪĹͣûȻһÿǵתͷعؾȥɾǴЦ˵潫һ·ŲıߣιչԼڵõмҽúøе£޾ϸ˵һ顣
۾ģ
СӳǴͷ±ߣס͵͵Ŷ֪ֻϲǺЦûκ
СĵҺ֪֪˼ȻĶ
ڨЦ˵壬Ƕʱӡ̫Ѽ飬˵Щ
֪ҡͷ޷¶λСͣΪ֪ţҲΪеˡ
֪߶꣬⺢ӵ͹µСẈ̂ŷؿÿһˣ˱֮ͬʱȻûϲò׶ཻ֮ˣֻ֪ο
ܵˣһ
ǿɵӦʵС֪˵ɫ£ӺԱȻָ֮¬ɽˣһ֪ݣ
ӺȨⲢյ㣬ƽǹؼ
濴֪ƣǣůȻЦ壬ûи֪𣿡
֪΢΢һ㶡
ûֹǰӺʧˡ
֪ҡͷҲǻݻˣϧô˵ϵˣ
˷ŸӺְ̫λԴвȤ浭оͰ֪ݡ
֪Ψһ۾˲ˣã뾩Ȼɳ֪࣬Ϊء
εȰҵģʵûϼһ
֪һԭˣȻǸ˼ݵ꣬ôһ˵ҵλСˡ
һ̾Ҳ
֪ûбֻ꣬ү֮£ȷ̫飬ԹҲģװ׽һѱΪˣȴòʧ֣֪ݵѡڴˡ
ҺҲôǵġ
֪ͷ񾩳УΪ;๥ڦɿԳô˻úӺȵʱ򣬱һɳ졣
ˣĿʱҫۣΪһ̡
İɣ壬㡣
Ȼſ£ɳˣ


101 Э飨޸ģ
֪֪ɳˡֶ, ظоգһ˲Щ
ˣֻ滹СӶһ˫۾ſڡ
Ź, ¡Сһ
˵ͷ, ˼跢鲻ԾҲǣǿɲͨ, ϲ廭, ĶȰ˿ֶ, Ҳ̫˹ˡ
ȥùүôͣ˵ϲ¶һ˿Ϸʣ˲ڸǰ, 辽ȵģ
СŶ
֪Ͼصţк档
ʶɤӵȻȥЪϢ, ЩʱΪӷϴӺĹԱ
֪Цá
Ȼ׽м, ҲӲ, б֪ʲôʲôʣ˿˽¡
Ÿ, ȴСӽһŹֵ£ŲСү, 
֪ĽŲʱͣ, ȥ, ȻСӶŷдţϡ
ʹĺҲŶʮĴ󽫾޻ʵ⣬˽ͨţǴɡȻͨޣΪβ֣֮Լ͹
˽ӡҪ¡
뵽֪ʱɵؿ棬¡
˿̣Ƿ⻹δţ΢΢۾³أԺĵһ뷨֮£ʦˣ
Ȼͷ𣬾ͱҲǷ飬ֹûκصľٶУݣֿ£ӰҲֻ衣
˭֪ʲôУ˶ˣԸʹϾаǰӶԴǶԽ߿ƾ˵˵ȴǵµ۵㣬ᱻżΪ죬˳Цġ
뵽ˣȻǾֻʣһˡ
ھǶһ£֪ʲôʱᶯһ˺ţһĵʵ
֪͢˾˾ְ䲼۷˵ܿƽ䷨ҲҪ̨͢һ벻أʵ۶кͶҪ󣬱Ǿ첹⣬ϰķضǹǮơǾȴȡҸĶԹԱȨĿڴ˹Ķ֮£Ѿ滻϶ĺΪȣΪ°꣬
ⷭЦһ
Ŷ֪⣬ѾԾˣЦѾΪ·£Ǵϻͨ͸
ֻѾţϵЦݼΪԺؽֽݹüΪҵһ·㿴
ôһ˵֪͸Ӻˣ·ӹţȻϸϸһӱ
ϣ߼ϵĲ裬װģ˹˹ĵһִһǺţԴЦѵ̫ͣʧ̬֪Īӡ
ΪģݷųͶ⣬ҪǣõĽܼˣ
񻪹أȻӺǰһǶһҲǰľ룬Ϧദûɶ
ϹСӣţʲôʲôʱ
̧յԼĶͷϣвͣظлүӷ𣬽һˣ
ĬĬСӾͿλŲյ첻£Ȼ˼ѾҰ֪ȥˣֻó˳ǣСѵ£Ҫˡ
氵˿ؽյŵ߼ϣ֪ţɤӣµʣ·еͨ
ǵ飿֪¶̾
Ȼ
Ӣ۳꣬ѽ֪ţһ̾ȵ֮䲼ûϼܿձȨΪռ񻪹أȷٺòĳ·ССͣĴۣ֮ǳܼνӢš
ΪεĻţֻ֪һ۱㿴Ĵ㣬ɳŹأʵʱ׼ȥ˵ûж񻪹ؽҲд⡣
ûҾ͵˵Ѿɹһ룬һ۸ӣô
ʵûѡ񡣡ֱ֪ӿ϶
浭ЦٺòˣҾ͸ţʵ¡
֪˵˵ͷȰ²Ҳȥһ⣬Աӡ꣬۶꣬ԹʿԴ
ȥţ
ǡ
̲סǣð
*
ҹ漸Ȳظд˻ţʵ£ŲŷõţںٺٺЦ
£ôˣСӼεʡ
Ҫˡ
Ҳô
ֵؿһۣүͲôܼѾˡ
Сӡй
ſӱ޵ȥһȥǡ
Сӹؽӹǡ
ûæ뿪Ƶʣʲô£
£Сү𣿡
ذȻأôõĻᣬ嶼дأԴӣɵ˲ŴȻ񻪹أڴ֮ǰ浯񻪹ؽҪʵһ֮󣬲Żе´ɳǣأĸ£꣬ڼ䣬滹ÿżӡ
Сӵš
ȰȥүȻúú롣Ȼ˵
Сӵͷ˿һۺһţ˭ﶼҪ֮£ݸ嶼ûֱһǳɣƵġ
Ǹţűϵֽ¨Ѿ˺üֽˡ
аɣػϺǲġ
ˣ
СתؽŲɻؿ
Ҫƾٵİɣ
СӲԵصͷǰСү־Զ󡣡
Ҽǵÿƾкܶೡԣ򵥵ǡ
ԣȻԡСӻش
ɳǹطֿ𣿡
ûС
ԡ
СӶʱɴ۾СүõӺ
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Сһ֮󣬽૵ˣˡ
ţ
Сӷֵ鲻Խشˡ
棺˵ܿƵģ
£ūŲԶ룬ܱ̫𣿱һľ룬һ㡣СĴָʳָԭһģ΢΢һС졣
һŵı鿴
СӿȻ壬ѵأСүԲʲô£
һʱһ֪ˣǻʵҳӣǿ£ҲҶʲôøУֻöġ
֪֪ԼҲͰˣǨŭ衣
ʿԴ֪˵ġ
ү֪ˣӣ⻰˵öԣүÿƣ溦
Сһ̾СүͻȰվߣɼû·ϵģĪҪΪѽ
ͷӦˣӺܿƾٵ˭ҡ
ǣҪʲôСɻ
үһЩˣÿҪƵģԵ強ر壬үܵѽ
Сӣջ׽ˣ
濴һۣ֪ϹˣԹʿ裬ү΢ŴЩôˣֲһ˿ԣүӺĶˣǸƿ泩ؿԣҲУ
Сû취ֻÿЦõ˵У˵㣬ūȥˡ
˰֡
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յĻţ˽ӡɵطȻЭ飬Żʵ۵ʥּˡ
˿ڿ氾һϵҹдţͨƪˮϸˣӺǸݸȻҲΧ֮ڣ۷Ѿݱؿչǰ׼ˣĿǰܻӭд˲̾
ںͳν׼ǿƽ޳ƶѾˣ͸ñ
۷Ȼɴǿԣȥ޳Ҳһ˭֣ⶼǸŬƽһߡ
費ɵشϵĺҳһСӣʱѧһۣͬϺĳɹϳҪƽƵĵط˴Եı۷
óսӷŽŷʱȴȻƳ泤еһ֡
Ӻԣɲμӣ
ƪܱĻˡ
֪ΪΣ΢΢ӣ仰֮ǰŨصͿĨĺīۼǰƺֳԥģдͿͿдСĵ
뵽΢΢һ̾Ѱһֽһš


102 ¿
һȦǳ˵⳶ɤӺС˾, ˣ
۾ŴϾϸϸ, ɵʣȫǵĹ֪вУ
ϾЦүһԡ
ϴ, һεسǰˣСڣ߰ɡ
ɷµص˵ͷ, ǰ, һһ˵̵С˾ˣǿ, ڳ֣֮к, ȫ, ֪𣿡
ƯСüë߸΢⣬ƣⶼǿ˵̵, һģһػȥ, ˬ
ȻȴЦڳ֮Ժ㣬ǰ, ÿÿ仰Ҷὲ, 㾹Ȼ˵, Сѡ
ǰͷСѾͷŲһ, ͷƤһ, ͷڨЦ, С˾ˡ
費ΪĿκҵټһ, ʮ飬ÿĬд
ԲŰҽţԵڵأͷ𰡣С˾ˣЩֶѣʮֶҪϵġ
𣿡ЦǾʮ顣
һĿ·ڿħ
Ӷ𣿡
ҧҧСʣҪǵͷأ
ټӸʮ顣
ӵľôˬνʦصٴͷѧùԹ
࡭һȻ֪ԼΪɶǵѧ˵
ԡ豻ʱ泩̧Ųȳǰȥ
ıӰߣĵһС˾˵ıȻˡ
ţ游أ
һ߽Ժӣһܣȴûֳƽʱλ󽫾Ѿһˡ
ֻɤӣߵǰ游Ҫλ飬С˾ˣȭָ˵ֲһ䣬̫үү׿ġ
ɷµر˱ȭ۵˸ֻĹâһ֪Ҫ
裺վȻ䵽СѾͷʧߡ
ΪƵòһһС۾̧ͷգɣ̵úãﲻҲա
Ĵ۾ԴһᣬС˾ˣ˵Ҫй
΢Цʣɽ𣿡
ɽˬشӦ
Сֻһƣ㿪ʼճ˭Ҳʹ
ò˵˶仰Ķ
ԸԸ⣬Сļֽѷ֮£ļල֮£ȭЧѾ֡
Ȼҩǵóԣ԰׵ɫһ˿˿󣬱þ࣬Ҳͷԭϧ˯ҲٷԣתΪ֧֡
ȻӵнǣøиɾԿҲץøˡ
鱾ûʲôݾ޷Ƕ࿴öȻͻˣζѧ鱾ñʵʱӳ
ŶдСС岻ʱĿԣ
ҲˣΪɶмͲ֮˵
⣬ʲôȻҪҳģ
ԣҳ
ÿανĵԪԣֳΪ¿ǵڶˡ
еѧŵؿŽ̨ϴӹԾ󣬿߽Լ
࣬೤Ҽ𣿡СѾʮˣñߣϻèſˮһοһŲľӡ
ȫʮˣĳѵܱ˼ҳǶ˳̶ȾͲ˵ˡ
ȻҲǸܸ״Сѧϰ̬ȣ̵̷˼ͥҪԡ
ֵܸؼҵһ¾ǼСѧһ֮󣬽һ±㻯Ϊ˼๤ͶŶдҵ
ȻϲȫӶӵı飬̬е֮ͣСûкŪ
мҾжͷѧռһȻûǲر⣬Ǳ˼õǶӼɼȥǳ˸˫ȫԺ
С񣡶ȥǰ֣ܸ޹⣬ͬǰ̧ͷȻóʮ
뵽جΰӣС˸顣
ǣС磬ԼɡӷСϣȻȥһľӡ
С˫۽գ˫ֺʮдʣϵɶ˸顣
ϵһѳһļ򣬡ˣˡ
ģСһ۾ؾһֻټġ֣ʱӯ԰ҵļӣ̫ˡ
ĺ󣬲⿴˱ϣأ
ʱ󽫾ӷһ˶ġ˵Ŀ
ⲻġ
˲ѿ쭳쳤ХģҪˣ
ڿ˷൱л
˿ÿӶĵظܵʲôϧֻ׷ĪĻѧ߽ڸ꼶Ľ֮ʱǶһӡ
ܿϧڸ꼶ҲòȥѧĽѧʽҲһظ迴룬¿ҲһģںС
֮ɢֵĶѾͬȥ£һȥ
ЧȴܸܵģӦԽȻΪڸ֪ʶٶȴ
µʱ䰡Щ˵ʮĺӾѾѧ˽ٸ֣־Ѿܹر
ԼĹ֣һΪ೤ǲĶˣҪ̸ЦģҲ֪̹ûС
̨̧ѹѹˣεľʵеѶȣԲ΢˼
Сűϵοֵܣģ㲻һˡ
ؼ̫֮ܲܿˣҪ游ĸװɡ
ǣӣܲܲҳһúѧ´α֤ģҿԶ췢ģиӲˡ
ǰҾͲһˣӿǰɡ
ڴ裬ȻһºеĿؾܾˡ
£ӾǸǵĵｻһĵᣬ˽ڼҵĶ΢ˡһεѧѾˣƽҲ⣬½⡣
Сһʱһµļ޲øЩ˵пһϰͷض飬ʱ͵ǣǶˣƾʲôǿ⣿Եһıȼ磬˯ñȹ𣿡
ƨڶأҪ룬룡
ǿ߲嵶ֵܣΪһ˲Բֵꡣ
СļֵֻܣˣһȰȥ㣬ܿ
̫ͬ
֪ΪΣԺȻʫģҲ轲飬ƽʱǲסڴ˿̣ȴ˵
޿Ƕѡ
ôͷɥһϢʱ̨ϵЦ
ѧһľؿһ˵ĺϢ˵һ޳ġ
ޱ飬޹գգ۾ǸϢÿν֮󣬵ͣγһ£Ƿżˡ
棬ģ
ӣΪʲôѽϢ̫ͻȻЩţһƭ
ҪȥӺԣɳǡû
ɶǲǵĶյɳźšǻ࿴ţһ˫˫۾ųĹâһӴ
ӷʴ۱ӣ
̫ˣ
ϴ඼кӣֱӸ˵شλƻ·Сūǵõ˽ţػһ㡣
㵸ĺӣ΢Цüôһ˿ˬһ룬ô
ϰҪ֮Ժ㣬ǰΪиڿʼóҵ
ЦʱȻֹһɵ¶ֵı飬ˣ̫ˡ
󣬰ҵ嵥ȥÿһš
󣺡ν೤ǰŷϻƭѧԵġ
ĵӣ֣ͷΡ
д˵ˣƽʱôôÿһǵĸںǩ֡

ҲڵʱǴΪල֮ʱ嵥ͬҵһϽһĵġ
Ҳ̫ˡС֪ɶģԻôҵʵڲġ
ЦЦлģûϵһʱպǵ¿ǴοԣǰµۺϲԣѾѧ֣ʶ뿼ԷΧøϰһοԣСѡ
˹ˣʿˮ
Ͱһµҵɡ
ңŭӵĿ׷Сϡ
Сӣû֨
ҵ嵥ǺȻ費ڣҲǼ£λκηɵĻᡣ
ˣĶֽ֮ҽѧͻȻ
ӣѧɶ
ѧ
ΪɶҪѧ
ǣԺأֲǵ˷
档迴˵ѵֻǰ壬ɱ𣿡
Ȼأʡ
ֻǵȷ㹻ˡǵ죬ԶԶ

迴ʣ˵游˵Ϊ󽫣սǲǵȫıÿģܹ֧ʿ죬ʱڱ˵ожܹĿĵأѾϣһսȻ÷Ÿ;ãʸЩĲ䣬ֵøʿ㡣ʿҪΪǵĽ죬ѵҲܺͿ𣿡
Ϊ֮ǼʹûӴЩҲ˵
ѧѧǻȥԼĸĸ岮ˡڣǽ֮ǰѧһܽᡣ


103 ݼ
ʱһ, һÿ£ѧ˫Ŀ۾, 
һߣ˫̥͸ѧһͬغ
Ŵͷɥ˫̥, ࿴һۣʵ߽ôˣ
ԣ˫̥ͷ, ѧ˱ȭ, һġ
ѽѧҡͷ̾Ϣ, ƺԸ˵ǰߡ
ϵĵ϶ǿԲ¡
˫̥һɱΪΡ
յľȶĿ, СӲͷƤʵأ
ʱ̧ͷͦأرԺس, ƣȻǹ, ҿС˾յİ೤
, ΪСĺӣȻûף
һ㵣󲻽аˬȻѧŸѧģҡͷ̾, ̣, ѽ, ˵ˮ, ˡ˵꣬ͷ裬С˾ˣû˵ɡ
żľӣ·վƸߵϣ˵Ļ˿ЦãԴûرٽ
üëҪţ
ʦڣǱߵС˪૵ǾȻСѾͷȲ
СϽСܵظϸѧ˫ϣ򣬱游˰ɣˣ󶼹ˣǶ˰
ѧޱ໨ʱȥҲľӣС˪Сиˡ
˫̥ʱ˼򣬵ϴԲ𣬽򡣡
Ȼвͨģνһͬʣžӣü˳ۣСŮۺӣԸѧ׼ʲôʱ
ǰӺμԣѧҲһͬǰȥ迼֮⣬ȥݷ£֮¡
ѧش𣺡ݶ֮󡣡
ͷôѧõͣһ¡
游ģǽѧȱȽϿ죬㹻ҵǶ飬иˡ
ȻԱܼѧ˫̥һۡ
ʱӡ
ȻˣǾС˪Сȥɣ֮࣬ҲලǺúѧ
˫̥ʱгҲҪȥ
Ϊβȥѧ˻ͣţóľӡõĿȥϣߣǼںɹʲôˣϷˡ
˫̥죬޷ͷѧ裬߾Ц߽ģҺͽڣȻѧҵһ¥
Ҫˡ
תС۾Щ⶯̫үү
ͰʣôˣúãǲһģǶºࡣ
ܲҲһȥѽʵ
üҲȥ
ţ󶼻û뿪ɳǣȥӺ˵кöġ۾ģ˸ڴĹâ
ʱ̷֣С˾˶Ҫȥɽˮġ
һԹԵģܣҲܱС˾ѽȥ̫үүòãŮ˲ֵǮŮôһȻȴ಻
ʱǾȥɣ游һῴġ
С˾ˣ˵תס
˵СӣҳţҵҪɣһⲼŶ
͡
ؿôȥȥ
С϶ʱ¶Ҫҵ뵽ЩдģЩɺòȥһУʵڲᡭ
ϾԼҧҧС˴żܣȻ۾һٺٺЦС˾ˣˣ̫үүǽһҪΪ彡üලȭӺҲҪȥСһ
΢㶣ʧЦѽСѾͷȻѧᷴһˡ
ɽ𣿡̧֡
׵ɽСֻơ
ȻˣǾȥɡͬˡ
רΪ͸ѧһ𣬴˫̥ʹɳǳǰӺ
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˿̵εĹعͬ£ԵĿѲӣһС
£ķԸе強Ѿˢһߣθո£ԭ࣬ⶼǵµĶ°
強￴˿΢΢üˡ
¹ڡ
ôûéޣѵ֮ʱ
˻ش𣺡ǣΪ˷ֹ߶㲻뿪強涼˹ͰиӣһҲѬˡ
ôѬţؿ⿼Ҫרעһʺζ֣㣬дó
һ㶣ԹſԲҲǶԿһĥ
ԸȥǿˣһùͰС涼ѧӣ˳δ˵
⡭˵ǡ
Ȼʣ˵Ҫһ죿һĳ
ǡ
緹ô
ص£ʳɿԴ
ԴܴʲôȵĶԲϣһԻô죿
һʣù˶ͷ亹˵£һ㿼ĶɣɱͷԲӣǻˡҲԼùԹñˡ
治ˣһ֪û᱾⡣
æ񣺡ָ̡
ˣҲӺеˣ֪˵ضжϡȱΪӺشƫԶйľ˶Ը٣ڱҸʸ񵱹ٵĶѣ˵ʲô̻񡣡
ָЩտյ強·ѾԴǵЩɶӺĺӣԴ˵бĸ飬ͬĸһ㣬ΪĸָǳϢѵþܵظһõĿǿóɼ˵Ӻĺãһչˣ½磬رأ
һνֿθ˵ǹˣΧˣСӸŴͣһ˹
ֻ˻̧֣һϹһԣ¹ƫˣ¶Զ˵ӣӺģʵڳѼ˶ݣлָ̣¹֪ôˡ
ͶˡļĳӺǱķأаǱŮԽԽáţѰͳһţ˾Ͳòˡ
л¶䡣
ţٿʲôط©µģ첹ϣҪҪǮ׼ˣǾʡҲʡڶϣǲǣ
˵۾ʪ죬صصͷԼǡ
Ӻطʵɽˮеأ˿Ҳȱڣ̶ˡҵï翪ţжصȴһֱΪë֮أΪΣ
ǶԶĲӣż嵱Ȩ޲ðһֶʶ¬ɽֻ֪Ǯգᵣ̻֮ΪĻʵ̫ܿɹˡ
˹£¹Ըౡ֮Ϊ¸Ϳأ
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͵¡
СԵ̾£̫ˣ
ܽԹ˽˵˹ûʵҲλǹᶼҪˡ˭뵽ʱλ˻Ц˼ţӣؽʿء
ƳһۣߣΪүڳЦɸ㣬Щͬģ佱үԶ
ǣСæάūŸǷθ֮ԣЩһµĶ£˵ýͷ­ѪЧأ
˰֣ƨֻҪڿ֮࣬үôҲֵˡӣǲǸõˣ
أ£Ҫӭӣ
Ȼӭƨūţұү̧ž˹ȥ
СֺһͶ㿪ˣЦ£ūҲ
һۣˡ
ڶһ磬
Ͼݼֻ˸Ůӣʵ̫ʽһµĳžеԼǸпǧҲòлһлӣү⸱࣬һ֣
Сһ飬ŮΪüݣԭҲһġ
£ѧſڴһ
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һƣһ֮󣬴һӣ롣
ǡ
֮УŻ꣬Ŀƣһ˲˲²һֱĿƶҲڴ˿̱鲻Խܡ
û߹ȥֻǶţѾˡ
С׼ؽһһ£ò衣һڣʧ̬Ϳˡ
һûоܾʱȷҪе㶫һǿ궯ģװģغһڣҲ֪ɶζĿⲻ͸յһ·衣
ĵ軹ôÿ˫۾Ŷ䵽Ŀȥôأȫ¾Ǻⳤġ
Ψһľɳǹطʳûɳȴܹˣۡ
һֱӺͺˣҲðᵽǰҲһչ˵׵ǲ֪᲻Ӧ
һţһ߷²յһ̾϶ǲӦġ
͸ѧһͬ񣬡μ¡
ﶼˣɡ裬һ·۳Ͷ٣廹Ե𣿡
͸ѧûпش𣺡еµĸͣԵ
˼Ӳʣ
游һаãȡ
˵⻰ʱ߲ɵڶֱߵһλϣԷ
Ϲһֻ۾Ŷ֣˺ۺ壬ЩˣǿĿȴºͶѺãͺͺ档
λ˭ƺûܹɼ֮ˡ
䣬ǵ¿䣬ǰøյӺ¶йӵĲܻǣΪģ£ʵΪһйӹȻΪ˵̧̧֪֡
ȻλھʱĻˣԶԷͺȸһǸΣæ񣬡ˣСӲҾӹǵΣҾϣƾٶҲ֮ء
йμԣ
ش𣺡ǣ֮ǰΪһֱδ³кתԵһԡ
Թ֮ţȻܹ˳ͨ
ǫѷԲһֻȫԸ
֪ЦͷǱףй˳
ԡ
֪ؿȴֲŰǫѷ˵Ʒѵã֪̤̤ʵʵһ·ƾ٣ǿ£͸ӿɹˡ
һֱߣٺò֪Ųɵؿߵĸѧ


104 
ѧ, ĸ׸ȴǶеƣҲ֪
Ȼ֪Գƣȴȸѧ, ֻ˷˵ĥѣһʹҲ̬ӡ
ѵõǣʹɣ, ֪δ, ȻҲò˾ء
߹һͬǰΪɣº͵ʡ
֪ע, ѧΪ档
뾩ʱ, ûΪ֮ͷ۵ĹֻΪ۵㣬Ϊκӡ
ܵȫȻΣϧȰ˵ǰ񻪹أֵмҽõһڳ, ѧǱźܴΪԷĴ氮Ľ, øѧһ, λү̫صľٶϡԣǲεġ
Һ, ۷Ҳʶ֮ĺ, ʼձž, 
һ仰˵ĺܶԣ縺, ʹһʱ˽, Ҳ᳤ó, ˡ
뵽شǼҸһѪгһܹУ¶йעĪ֡
û¶֮áǰ͸һݲӣ۷ĸĽ֮ߣ˵߹һֶͬ̽ã
ѧش𣺡ǣҵȱª֮
ҡҡͷЩ˰иëرǫ飬ʲôª֪֮Ƽ֮ǰ׼˺ü벻ģϸ¡
ôһεøѧɫ죬ȻĿȴ¼£ʵ·漰̫㣬ǰδУΪ˱ʵʩв⣬֮ǰ׼ȽϷ顣
˰֣⣬ԣٺõҲҪһλᶨƣ֮ˣ˻Ҫġ߹ôһ˵ͦʡ
ѧȵ̧ͷ£
˵ҪӺΪԵ֮𣿼Ȼˣ߹Ӳ汾ⳡӺΣ֣Ϊ˵
ѧд⣬ûֻһ棬ȻôȨֱ붼롣
ѵȿһչֳԼһʱסˡ
֪ɵؿ棬ΪүҪлʶˣ˵ı£룬Ը޵ĶݣѧܴãЩ̫֮⣬˾ٲ޲ף㲻ԡ
ҲüΪ˾⡣
ү˺ͻʵ۵˶ûȽҪְռѲɵ
ѧûлش𣬲ϵĲˮԲ̲Ŀʵ߹ⷬԥǲԼǲα߻ûȥǿǣ
ѧҡͷл£ѧ̧һȴ˶Ļᣬ񶼷ǰˣôװ״
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ѧȻ⣬ʶ˵ıЩ¯࣬һѧ֪Щ˲УȱһȻҲжռԼĬĬƫɳУδȡ
ʵɣ֮˲ʣǡʲô෴Ͳȴϴ󣬸ѧ㲻£ѵΪ޵ܣŲܣ
Ӻٻдʱ䣬ֻҪѧɳǲ
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ٴζ裬ڸסǹɵ⣬մյߣȻˣ˵
裬ʱɳ˭ָѧʣĪ濴³ˣ
ش𣺡ҸŽ¡
ȻǵЦݲβסʦðʦǲǸ
ȻѧǸεҲʮδƾ٣ָޣֻӺҲõʦֻôˡ
ʧЦҲ̫ԷƱˡ
ǫµ㡣ѧ΢΢ݵѾȥŸĺѣĲŻԸָ
֪⻰һ˿ȴöԡ
ǳ̸֮󣬸ѧǣûֻǲᣬûú˵ء
΢΢һӣֱӵ£ܾûˣЩʱ򲻷ģ
۾ʱ޲̾ʹӦɻԥһʣ㲻Ե𣬲úúÿ飿
ŵ˵ҵˮƽʮþȣ̫š
ЦҲβסͷǸ紦ͷϵ¾㣬ϴҴҾûúùӺļУҴȥո֣
á
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¡
֪ԷҪ˵ʲôֱӶ»ȥүûȥԼҵģġ

ģҸҵܵδ֣˵ˣ治˵˵ֱ꣬ӻͷ֪Ҹȥ䣬в
֪ƵؿŻѣбҪ˵
Ȼˣ֪ǵ¾ͶЩ˰ɣĪҪ˳ײˡ
ϡ泯С̧̧°ͣһ⡣
Сӣɣ
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ֽ޶ǵøƣǵ߽ȥ
ǱȱһĵСӣԭԸŵ¶ү˼Ҳˡ
ȸƵģȥ˼׶ɧ
СӰһۣ͹ϣĳĪ֪
񡭡еѶȡܲѣҲҪϲУǹھôصס룬Թһ䣬һֱڵߣҲѡ
Сõɵ񿴹ȥʣ𣿡˵ˣ
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⻰ʾСӣô죿
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䣬ԺȻܳһСŮܹһѱסС˾ˣʲôʱ߰мҪˣ
ھˡԴ߽أ
˿˫̥Ź˵棬Ȼ䲻ȵؼ˸񣬡£δ
ǣѿڶҲȥ
СƲƲǵȻѵΪ𣿡
С˪ɤӣ֮ܹùУڽ֮£Ҫؿ裬ҡ
һ仰Ϸأİɡ
˵꣬һģһǰһգһվ֮䡣
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Сӳһ̾ϢƣҲ˵ˣõ·ȵͷѵġ
ѾſˡʱѧҲ˹棬¡
ΪǵԼᣬû뵽ȴϼҴڣеĲᣬ൱ί
һУ趼Ϊɵ˫еЦãֱӵ߰ɡ
衭滽һ
辭ߣ˵֣ƤҸϵġ
һ㶣źȻˣæȥֻ߻ͷգգ۾Ȼ˳
£Сһ£ģСһҲ⡣
Ȼȴûʲô䣬һһӣҲߡ
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Ӻļкöֵıĵһ㳡˳ʯȡıʯ֮⡣
ĺ˶Ὣǧ˹Ļ߽Ǵ˳ĶȻҲ̻ǰֻҪ̶ȻﲻΪˣǶԵذտŵĻһ㶼ϲ
ͬ˶ˣųʳС̷Ҳࡣ
ûȥߺȾѾˡ˫̥ﲢİȴͷһ۾ε棬סĺ죬žѾӳȥ
֣ͷȲشߴ٣̣С˾ˣ߰߰ɡ
㣬߽㣬Ǵȥɡ
˫̥üأǻصؿ˱ֵ棬ĿдŽ䱸
̧ͷ졣
ͷָָſһĸʾǰҺͽ뿴
ʲôС˪Ƶʡ
ڽ۷ش
֮ǰʱҺͿˣβŸһСѧǸֵӣսþӺĹԱϤ·нȣб֡
Ȼ˫̥ȴˣｲ·
˶ܼ࣬иҵУ𣿡汧°һֻ̧У滹УֹУеļжСʲô¥ݣſջ˵鳪Ϸģʼ֮ǰҽһ۷¥ݣҲҪĹﱳˣʲôӣҪȫǵİն֪۷ʲôʲôúͺô˵꣬һѣĿⲻɵؿ裬裬˾Σ
СȻҲ̫˰ɣ˲ƣ
С˪ͷʦڡ
ȴ޵´˾ġ
˫̥ƭ˵İɡ
ǲɵؿѧ񣬺Ҳ¶ȣûκָ˼֮ϲ˼һȷٶ۷ġ
˫̥죬һ
üͷһ¶⣬ƮƮص˵صضҪ·Ϊ֪УȨ֮ŷԸȥ
Ӣ蹧άһ䡣
˰֣ΪǫѷǰȥҲÿ֮ûΥ
롣
˫̥ҪȥȻȴһסĿе濴ȥ
˫̥ʱԥ
Ȥ̣һ·С˾˺̷򽲿ζ䶼ˣǻҪȥ𣿡
۷һ֪жζ
һͷһͻζȻƮ˳С̷ߺ
ѽ죬Ǽ˿ȿˣҳԹˣȥˣɵõһһŮСܽȥ
̡̣ᶼҪ
˫̥࿴һۣСʣô죿
С˪̧Ĩһǣн𣬹컯֮£Ҳ
еǡ
ߣ̴ȥȣС˪һѱ˾ͳ˽ȥ
ںͷ˵ıӰǡ
ƺСС˵ۼҵ¸СүһôԼˣ
ǵһλ߹ӡСӻش
ܾλҲס
СӽûЩþش𣺡þãһ
·ͷһ꣬λʱ̽ϵĸ߹ӻܵ˭


105 
С, ѧעȫڸʾǰĭɵСϣ˵ͨ׶ܽ۷еһͨ׵ؽͳܾһ
ǮҶй, ˭ǮǴ, ˭ܰ׻, ԶඡһĳǮСΪ϶ȿھ, ǮһյǮ, ˵һְ壬ô죿
̵ٱ
ԣǾٱ˭شȥԱӡ
㵽һ̸ȺԱߵĲȥ, ӵùһڵİӣһҧ, ΧȲѣ׷׽߶ʵС
С磬, ʡ
Ҳ԰ӡ
Ⱥϴߴš
 żżС̧ѹѹȻ˵, ٱ֮ͻר˵, ʵ֮, Σ
Ǯ
屶ͣ
Ⱥֺػش, С۾, Цһ, λ죬Ǵ𰸵úô죿
һ˱ϵСһۣôϳһӣ
СӶʱ֣԰ɡ
ȺжʱһЦ
ˣλվ͵Ϊ֮硣ȥ˶˵һ飬Եطһ۷ǸλϢϢصģһʼˣͲšȻô࣬овĵطҲӭλһɣʮӵĽ
ôࣿ
٣λöǾ͸Ͻý飬߷ѽ¾Ҫʵʩˡ
ôøģȺܿɢˡ
ѧһһߵͷȻ裬֮ǰ񲢲ãն·ĺûģ¸ϢϢأΪ˼ͷӵ
һԵ֮ǰ¬ɽĿ£ܣαǲ֪Ƕֱʵʩ·Ҳһ˽ԹҲҷǶԣֻҪԲϣ·ͻԹ 
ǵ»ǰķȥˣӬͷСȥȺĹע˵
żﴫ˳ǵҪһ˳ֲܵһ۷滹һǣ˵ѵԺԹһ𣿡
ĿλߵĮȴҲһ˿˿ֲҪ̫ƽֻҪǻúãǱ̡
ͬһŭԹʩѹܽУһȴȫ빲ͬƣ߶Աȣ㹻˲Ŀˡ
ЦףǾй岻߻ӻֻǸȴıëͷСӣ뾩ѵѾٳɳΪͳʹ
ⷬȻĻȴڸѧзˣͻȻ輴ʹ֪ŵ˼ɲԸԶ룬ûһӵ뱧֮˻ľ
һĬ֮迴ѧ񣬡ѾɢˣǴȥпȥ𣿡
˿̷СԱߵĲ强ˮɤӣ˳㽫շŵİǮҽ壬ѾһˣҸѾϤ˵Ц䣬һˮһӡ
Сһ£ҪٴθǮֻҵĹˬʵЦţģҪǮ
˼̹ĺܣСɫһ죬ȴҲ˵ԣŹæµдˡ
ˣѧЦЦ͵ȥɣλСģعҡ
˵ţ㳯С߹ȥ
Σмһ»Ŷүˡ
һλԥؿ裬Сү
أô°ǼүŪˣȵľᣬȻϣ˸ԽԽá
ģỤȫ
ǡðɡ
ֻгոߡ
ȻϼҴڵسУ뵥ԼƺҲû濴Բߵ裬ﲻɵ̵ġ
ǸƺСЩ΢ƵҾҲܿر֧
С޲ý˵Ҳó
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һȥڴŵһ˱㣬·ȫ˲򿪣ƺһӾܸܵͻըѣǿִ۵ζ
˲ͣס˽ŲĿֽǿȥ۾Ҳһˡ
ʣܳ裿
ǵõ˵ϯֻܳģ
ĿƣСҾͳһ㣬𣿡֣ϸ׵ָ͸Ź⣬ſһССָ졣
ڴ񣬳ȴִſƵģ㽫һĸڻˣͷͺӡ
СӰһȻһ¡
Ƶؿ
ȥ򡣡
ƾʲô½е㡣Ʋ
Сֱ׳ҵź򡣡
ڻҪɶźûº޲Ϊ
СӣȻˣһջȥˣֻǰ߷ߵΪɶ㲻Щ˱£
ƵҴˣǵ·Ըб
СӾһǹ֧Ϊ˿ȵ̯Ӿһ󣬵ȴĺã˳һӣſˮԴģݲӡ
ߣɤӵӻã裬ǲǰߣȻ
ûԣһۣ˳ߡ
һͷһ쬵񣬺߸̧Ÿϣ㲻طһסһͷĳգһ
Уģү̫ԶȻû
ưһۣүֲɵѵῴǵҲûִ֮ˣ˵Ҫ̡޷ǽͷ׽һЩˡ
ͳλϣ㺩ֱҲޣеɫҲһ١
ն˶٣ûлͷ˵Цǰߣһԥ֮󣬱һ
ⱲȻŲŲϱʲôûм֣Ҳ˶ѣûʲôرĶ
Ϊӵ棬ȻҲЩڵֲ̯ڵֻһһ߶ͼ˼̻
߹أ翪ţвŮһͬ伯УһԶԴ߹ǵĻϲĽѡ
Ѿˡ
ͻȻ˵и⣬һֱʡ
ЩŮջߣʲô
С۷ųİվٲģҲǳأҰƽʱٽǸϼũӦò۵塣
źֹȥũѾָǵڶȹͺѹ֮󣬺ܶҲѾ»ص
Ҳ⣬㰴иǴ峤һͲ˵˾֪ˡ⣬Բۻͻδ˻ѱҲðҰʣֻƺЩʱҲš
ûֱӻشֻʣүʲô
ԣӦ¡
ô죬һ㣬үǸյţˡ
ͷҲ˽Ҳδ˵ˣһ˾ͲɣЩסʹֱӷְλž˾˵ʬ뿪ͲѰˡһȥҪô˹Ҫôͳ׷ҡ
ΪΨһӣүҲ档
Цүƺ˽⡣
̾濴ųģҲֶɡ
ֶȻЩ죬͡ƺŲѽ
裬Գƣʵʮ͵ЩܹĥѣŻӣ¹ǰҲϲģ
Щߡ
ȻȻǸεԲס
Ͳˣûʶ֮ǰΨһʵ֮ˣʵۣס
治ֻһΣǵСû״ԪɾͼѻǲǸﰮС竣ÿΣ;رȻһֻʣ±ˡ
ἰˣһ˲Ļ㱣ٻعʱǰһɫˣǸ̬
ûʲôģҿ˼ҵû֣³ǹյߣԼһֻģЦе˵𡣡
裬ʲôʱȥģ˵ѵһ͹ȥôʱ䣿
賯°ͣһͷƴ³һֻϻ֣һֻζ˶һ޹顣
ͦġˣüЦš
ԣȻԣȻʱĿһƳ䵽һֻϣһֻСӡ
֪ģѿڶӡ
ԣ۾һҧˣòѰָ㣬ȺСܹСҲһģԵڵء
һ˲䣬Χַ·Զȥ
͵£ʱʶԼ˵ʲô֮ʣæ͵û˼˵еֻӣȽϺóԡ
ԽƺԽˡ
迴Լӣ򴽽ǣˡ
û£ֲ⡣һڣԼһƣҸطȥ˵֮ǰܲȹӣûˣ
Сӣ
ƣ
գ
¶ɣ˵֮以ʳƺҲûʲô֪˼͡ǾܾԵ̫⣬ñ˴˲ҡ
ԥ֮УûΪѣ裬Ҿ˵˵桭
Ǹɡ滰δ˵꣬ǰ̬һֻɰӣؿ裬ֻЦЦһֻӶѣϲǾͽһ¡
˵ţǹԼһûһµţĿ⿴Զ˼Ųɣֹճһһ¿ɰͼ
ņ̀ͷԺ·ըƬƬ̻¡¡죬þƽ
̲סҲѧһ£ĺȥˣµ裬ǵЦһ¡
裬á
£⣬Ȼ𣿡Сʵ
ɢӣûס˵԰ҵطϢɣˡ


106 輧
Ѱһ¥, Ӻ٣ûʲôżһ˵, Ҳе˽ܵķ䣬Ϊ˷̸⡣
Сһ·ڻɱȻȺģһڣֻϵͻըѣϴ̼ζ٣Һ, ͷ޲ȥ, ȻҸ޳
ó𣿡¶ϧʡ
ӣû˵ݺݵصͷ
ɳ, ݶţС, ͵͵йһٷڱϿ, ֮ǾԲ˵ֱֽΪ, ˸ֲ֪ϵȣ
濴, ֻʮ, һ˫۾˿, ҲһͿ, ޲ýµʳǰ, һγԸ
Ȼⲻ, վҪ, ó, Ƕ˵ǹڻȣڣӭǹ۰Ͱ͵ԹʣµȫɨԼ
ˣʲô綼ȥŪ
趢ߵͻ۾̲סǣƿߣֱߵĲˮ֮ǰ˵ģȱֵ£ʵ¡
ʵô˵
үȥ졣
ˣָ˵Щһ㶼ȵСԲȻƼôȥ
𴽽ǣôСã
ѵǣ
Сõ˼ǽдȴֻ˼΢׾پɵ£νš
ԡ
¶̵ЦݣǼ׾ٵ𣿡
ҡͷЩˣһʼͲССݵİ취ֱ˽⣬ûãΪأȴ˹עֻ֪泯ũƬ̸ֵʱ䶼ǲԸġ
ʵѡ
Ȼѣϱɽ粻ϸЩ͹ҵķƶߣΪǣȻ˵ˣˣǶһ޶Եӣһ鲻֪飬ŽŽɵ˵չȥ
Ҫʮģͨļɣ˽յԼһ֮ģν.
ܰãûдٽǸĹ١˵ԽԲҲǣһ㻧ͻ
ͬصͷһ䣬üͷһЩ˼Σ
˵ԣҿߴееĴڴչġԻþ׼ȷҲ÷ֵ
˳Ļ˿ڣأطΪϡС¡ļۻݻͬ۵ʱǿȶǲͬġ
֮ΪǼж˿٣û涼޷ϵ˼ңҪʡԵȵ۷չӦǮҲ٣߲ýġ
˼һͱЩ۵Ϊۣѱɲͬһ飬ͻʴֱ
ףԲ֪֮ȴڵµ֧֪֮ʵݸеҪְѾºռݣȻڵ¿ӺȨһãһ¡
뵽ˣǾý˻ỻһȻ˹ȻЩ°úãҲǲԡ˵ؿһ裬ǣƣһѧͳҲһЩ裿
豻Ҳû죬ֱ׳бһ򣬡ĶоѹнҲΪ˵ºã𣿡
ǰȻҪֻ̧ʣµͷķݣǣ㡣
ˮ䴽
ʱ򣬺Ȼűƿˣֻ˳ܽС˾ˣ
ôˣ辪ȵؿ˿⣬ֻɫ磬Ѿͷԣ浽лǲϻؼҵġ
һסС˾ˣ죬ߡ
ȥĶϵʡ
ҲƵؿ˿󣬡߽أ
˵ǻԭصţȻС˾ˡ
üʲôˣ
ͷСһţȻҲ̫иƯ̶ӱ۸ˣûط̿¹ȥۣȻǡ
ʣԼģ
ŶŻģǸÿŶ˳䣬߲òεؿ棬ʼȥ¡
ʯΪǰ֣ǰǷ辭ģЩСССĹ㳡Ǻ˳׵ĵط
һϹô鷳ȻҵԵѰֺչĳΡ
ŵľ¥ʯһں㳡ڴԸ󣬺ܿҵ˫̥
˿˫̥űۣüŶ˳̴ˣСͷǹⲻǻˣԸ⽫˸㣬⳥һɵҲ˰ɣҪô𣿡
С²ĻǱ͵ˣ˽¸߼˱ˣ֮޵ĻҪΥԼӸңֽ١ƹóһ飬Ǹֻܹٸˡ
С˪Цǲǹ׵ôĿ
²˼һаԼ˵ƹ˵ع£Ҳٲ֡
.ˣȻΧ˹˫̥Щ⣬ƺ֮ǰѾԹһνѵ
СͷŽ𷢵Ůӽ߬ȭͷﾡǲʣһȼŭ𣬵Ǿǿû
㣬Բ𣬶Ҳãûסˡһ˵һɱŤĺشͷĨᣬЩλ޵Ůƣƺǽܡ
Ůָ̧ܵܵᣬرο£ڣҡһ취ġ˶񣬻عƹȻٿˡһʱ䣬һὫ׷㡣
СƹһھܾƺƶԷް취ЦǽܺƯ֪ΪʲôǵôԶԷɳ̣ԸңһʹҲС۾Ůߣ¶ǵĶ⡣
һԥ˫̥ʱСٿڳ
С˪˵ҸǵĻ콻ΥԼ
˾ȵؿǣСҪ˵󻰣֪𣿡
Сʣ٣

ʲô˫̥̲סͷŮӣҧŴûзȫ
ûõ֣͸ȫüһǳִ󷽰˫̥ȻӲǮ⣬żŽȥЩ鷳ˣĿȾ֮Ҳ֪ЩϵĹء
ҲʱС˪ֱӳϵһӣҳһСӣȥúˣǽȥǮƹҪ
ƹһӣȻյǰһֻһӵĹǮͼʱɲǡǮҵģ
еģöǮޱʮ㹻ˡ
ǮټӣϵرУرؽ磬мΪɽⳡ˭֪
óǲǡƹٴδ˫̥Ž֣֡˻΢üˡ
ߣС˪ؿ
ƹǿһЦݵȻλСǾհɡ˵꣬ʹˡ
֪۸ŮˡС˵ȻֽϵĹ
ʱ̣ҰС˾˴ˡ
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Ŀ֮ǰĽŮϣɻգգ۾ôоеϤ
ʶ
ѽһ˵ĵǿˣ£ⲻǶƽǵ͸ǸǸ輧𣿽ʲôʲôš
Сӻû˵꣬һֻ͵߹Сϣ۵ʱʧסƵһ
һҲͬڸǰ˵ʲô輧輧ģصص͸ģǲҳɶ
áлһˡ
ȻҲϳˣæŵܵܣԼ̶ӵĺһͬ¡
Ůˣ˫̥ı˲ˡ
輧ʲôģǲ⣬ǸǣһǱýס
˫Ƶ۾£еͷۣûŮˣҲûˣװ׵ģɱҳϵ
ôջ⣬ɻ̶ӣ
ǵġ
㲻Ƕƽ輧𣿡
ش𣺡֮ǰǣڲˡͷӣ֣Ȼ֮ǰĵūͽǽͳһ·ֻ·ϱ׷׷ϣǽܱʧɢˡһ·ӺڶƽߣΪľҵҵܵܡ֮ǰ˵ˣٹˣҵܵܣҵˣͷɡ
ЩųˣԼ򸩵ˣܵҵˣɡһ֪ڴ򱧲ƽ˫̥ϣƺûôס
ͷЦ°ǣ


107 
Ȼ˵, Ҳ˵ĵطһֻôŶֻص˾¥
֪ΨһĻᣬûκԥ, һһ
ǽѾزȥ, һӪЩ²Ǯ, ټҵܵͷϵ, Լµˣ齨һ̶֧ӡ˹ŨϺë̺ܴ˳˵Ļӭ, ָߣǼóеǮȫϺë̺һǰǵ̶ӺΪ׬Ǯ, ¿ʼû뵽, ŻȴҲҡ
Ư۾ûе辴ʱĺջֻĿɬ
ǻƷʲ𣿡ʡ
ʱͻȻ˵ǵģÿһŶ, ҿ, ë̺ҲһһûвõĶĿŨŨıŤƺϤ, , ˿, ̵ͷ, ˶㡣
ͼ, ȸºʹ˵˵ǸԲҵܵ뿪ʱСЩһֱأе˵öԣǵһ̣УԲ̰ͼòõĶϺë̺ƷʶϺõģżʹ׬һ㣬ҲҪɵһ⡣
С⣺Ϊʲôûң
С˪ȴС㻹ǵ˵Ӻĺ·ɳĮҰ٣ϼµӺҲģǻþ˳ϯͬС
ԣ迴㣬ô˵
С˪ҡҡͷҲҸʣӦ׵İɣ
ͷǵģеḷ́رǵһӺһҪһӸǣõӻܹ˳̽Ӵ⵽ƭҲǳæ档
ǲأ
û⣬ǻеõĻԱ˵ļ۸ҲҲԸչ
ʱʣԣûǱӣ
ǸˣʮɵĻȡһɣһ˶ƽһɵ󣬸лЩչˡ˵¶ŨŨķŭǣϴӦĺúõģɷų⣡
СѿڶΪʲô
˵ǲ˰ɡ
ûж뷨ҲòϣĹܸ裬欣ԸĵܵܣӣҲƯĹ֣˴ãǾˡ
ҧŴͷһʪ⣬ȴǿͷǵģŹңҲŹͼţҪǰһؿңոˡ
̫ˣ˫̥İ
ҲԸ⣬ǵĻӺͣһ£ǮƼˣȥû취ԷסޣҴԿļ̻ʱͻȻҵǣԸǵĻҼ۸ʡ
ǷŵЩˣСʡ
ǵģ˵Ǵ˳ϱߵĴ̼֣пɽѺ˳ϯ¡
ӺѺ˵µֶ̼أǿǸļܲܵЩ鷳쬵˵꣬ȻʣǾˣ
Ц£ȻͶ·ûôɵʵǴžġǶƽնûұ̫ϣͨһʹѹۣһֱѹǿ޷ܵʱ򣬲ŸȫһԳɽļ۸ĲߣڿıԵǲòš˵ĽûŲ죬Ҳ£û뵽˻

ǵģ棬ֱӽˡ
ôĿŵ涼Цˣĵϣû٣
ˣǡ
𣿡ʡ
ûСҡͷûһˣͼźǵһʱһ£е˶ѡ˵ܵܣӣȷвۣǲ
ûˣǹٸ׷Ҳޣڼ׷˵˶٣бҪԼ½һ£ⲻܹԲһѵ飬иػǰɣ
رһϲָԼȴܳʱ˹伯еӡ⵹ùžֻǣʲô鶼ˡ
οǺ֮ĶԹԲҲò档
佫һ֪˭ɵģû֤ݣҲֶξ˱ӡǶ˻ŷϵΥԼӾ֮ߣ
濴һۣȻ󽻸裬˫ѾǩֻѺЧģֻܰ졣ǽָΥԼӣծٸҲֹ
ʵ£Ҳ֪յаʲôɫԵȫջƭǩŸߴΥԼ⳥ͬǴڽԴвԽܹԹƽͱʲôɣڶԷˡ
˫̥뵽ƹӵЦԼճ嶾һһɹɵŭʹĵȼգ޵ľ۸Ůˣڽչ¡
Сߵѵûʲô취𣿶ò׻ָɣˣѲɻҪصֱӣ
С˪棬£ĵϣʲô˳ϲ޼ɵǲ̫λӺ֮ˣ
°ͣ˵㣬ɷµԣ̫߯ôǶûү£ƣ
ڡ
ȥ˸жŶƽʲôյˣүͲЩһֱȥȷƽ˾ǵóߡЦ
ǡƱȭȻȥ
Ըӣȥпڽ߹Ѿˣүλ¥һš
ǣ¡
Ȼ˫̥࿴һۣʣͽˣǿЩ޴Ķ䣬£Ƕô죿
ƵʣѾˣ
˫̥ˣǽʲôˣ
ѧС˪ĶֱӴϽԼ壬Ȼ˳ֶ裬ر˵ʮ˵ʮ㹻ˡ
ؽס壬˵ⶫô࣬ͲһԼûסˤˣ
壬һʱЩ淭棬ֵֻӡǲɵһ飬˵˶Ӿжִ
˫̥סˣǣ£ֻȨ֮ƣǵûѽ
û
һģһĹһͷš
泯ŶŬŬ죬զ죿
˫̥˵۾𾪡
ΥԼˣǾ͵øۣҪô⹻Ҫôծûծе

˫һ̯ǰý£ǰɣ裿
˫̥ͿԼСܣö˵ͷظһû
˵ǲͬһӣǺˣ
ţæ˵λСģծҪǵĶⱾҲԼԲʧ֤¶Ρ
Ȼ˫̥ôͬ⣿
С˪οҲʲô˵£ѣܱǽҪá
ǡ
ûпǣѵôãҪ𣿡Сʡ
˫ӣ·ڿһ㣬飬˵ģһޣ˵ˣŮ˶޲Ϊ
˫ԼĻһûҵһȥᣬֻСĵ̧ΪĨȥᡣ
ֻжŮ˶ûȤΨĵЦһˣû˻ᵽǰء
˫̥һС̷ϵôܣҲʱ⡣
ûʲôܣ߽㡣ʱ򿪿ڵȻģΪɻ˶ೳӵмѰܹ̺ĵط̸𣿡
۾΢Ŀⴹ
˫̥ȵؿŶ䣬ֻͷ裬ϡ
Ȼûиᣬ֮ǰȷǷѾĻӽңٲѰɣģĿȴŶı˲
˫̥ĿҧŴعյǵģǹʯ
㡭˫̥۾һŵ
Ȼȴҡͷ´ˣҵ˲תͷɫӳǸ͸мλ
СȵָָԼǣ
軥һۣЩ⡣
ЦǵģҵȷѰ¶ΣΪƾԼѶƽϯĿʵ̫ˣҲòѰ˰ʣӺû˭¸ǿĿɽϧʲô취޷ӽ
ϻûȤƾɶҪ㣬ô죿治
Цֻİ취鶼ģǵȷѾͶ·ˡ˵ʵżȻ˿ҿѾ˶ƽǰ

ǵģ͸мСүСΪǮҳͷɽµһֱ̼Ȧ˵м˼壬ұ룬ܲλСע⣬Ҳһѡ
Сԭ
Լλӣˣȷ᲻ܡ
ܱǸǡ˫̥һͷʵû취ˣǣһᱨǵģ
ŵܵһͬǿļȴκᡣ


108 
ɹӵݲܴκεıŴ, Ϊļøహĵ޼ɵǵϡ
ڱĶҹűɴ, , ֻЦĹ, ·ֳ.׷˵׷ʵ¥ݵĻ޴
ʿ˱ضһԸʶ䣬ù, Ϊ, ȻЦó
ǲЦ, ѵ
˻𣿲ᣬεǿȣܵĿһ, ֻࡣ淴ţţʲôʱҵԼļˣ֮žۣ
׷ϣ, ͻһɲ;, ˫̥֣Ҳĵʼĩһһ
ɣֱǣҲġ˫̥, ǽܶ
㡭ͼſŶ䣬¶ۡ
ʱ, ŴСҪ, ݹȥ, 㣬۾ɣˡ
ҲӹЦŸлллСС㣬û¡
˫̥ᷭһ˵ʱǽܵδѾӭ⡣
£裬Ǿô죿Сɵؿϵˣ˵ãȻĲҵǮɽҲƽ׸ǻˣ
С˪һߵͷͬһҪ
Цȱż¶֤ݣ񲻹Ƕһ֮ʣ۶ûõģ֮ӡ
裡
˵զôżأһһһ˦ͦˬ죿һϷʵ̧ĴָС㣬ƴ֡
˫̥ܲذһۣС˺ߣ£·£Ѿֵˣ׷
ͷģ˭ٲλ̡˵˵ŶѾеˮݵ˵ͦ棬ؽ磬ѵкǮҵȥҪӣԺмҸСЬ𣿡
ӹһڣɤӵӦûУ˵ݵʱ򣬾ܿԭԭظͻˡ
˫̥һʱ׷ʵģ
Ц㣬̶ûˣǻǿ˶ֱ˻ȴû°ˣȴֶ壬ǲϣ󶯸ɸ꣬ע⡣ȻˣΪмңòʧ
˵øݴǸ油
Է̫ˡ
ɻأСʡ
ʧЦȥĶǾ֪Ҳ㡣ʵ˹ݺԼҡ
˫̥Ե˵ͷе
ȻС˪ŶʣûﵽĿģʲôϯĻŹǽ𣿡
ġûȵǿڣȴشˣܿ϶ڸһˣ²¬ɽǵĻ¸ǸŴ֮ǰɱżң׷ʳǲʮǮ£Ǻ֪ǰǣҲԲΪˡ˵Ŷ˶٣ֲһ䣬ʱڣӦǲˡ
ʧȥѹŵһʯ俴ɶˣˣһЦ·ΧĸŲá
費ɵؿüۣȻϴһȣ裬ǲǶˣµʣӽиôڶû
˫̥ͣСӾǲŷҲһ㶼ûʱѶɣ
棺Ϊʲôô㣿һһ
ûǣֱӿҪҲһǶˣ𣿡
΢΢һⲻɵ裬˼λСүе˼
ˣ΢ЦǴˣȻᣬǾܶ飬Ǳ˼ᶨ࣬ԲջΪģǡǷΥԼݻ䣬룬ϲֻǽܳԵݿͷУҲС
̧ùصͷǵģܶ࣬ʵǣЩǧò׶ȹɳͽ˺ۺͷ˪Ӻ̣Ҳһ̰šǱΪӻķã뿪Ӻ֮ǰǻýԼ׬õǮһڸлܶʱһ⼸µļֱӰ׷ˡ
һİĵط⣬Ϊ˲ܵ۸ֻܱȡůȻԽԽʱ򣬾ͷֳŵȣոԴӵи໰˿ʼ޼ɵѹߡز죬ƺ֮ûУֻ뾡취ôվȽŸ
ƴȻĵֻһأ߹һ֮Ҳˡ
Ѿ˼˵˾񻪹أҪһ˾ŷѣͨؽӺݻһʳ˰˵ᡣ˳˳óףʷϲߡ¬ɽˣҲ֪˽¸˹ᣬȻֵܷô
£ȻǲǴ˳񣬿ˣҲϣܸͨ˳һõµıӻ֪ܲӺ̶ӼǳϯģǿĿɽûʲôʵʵ̸׬˶Ǯ
滹ĲеĹעӺеİպϡ
ӺγɴĳУ˱ˮԴũ֮⣬ԭǷٵıóﲻĿƷ˳⣬ܲһУж١
Ƿβܣ̰ССӺؾͻγ¢ϡЩ࣬¢ϵҵһصĺƷ½۸ߣ˳ȴƴǼֱ齨Լ̶ǰչһ˾ͻ٣̶ջ¥бϵС̯Ҳһܾ޴ʧĵ̾͵ùţҪٸ֡ӺĲһ󲿷ִӱó˰ҲѾ׽⣬ôΪάΨһİ취ũ˰ȻԱѾũ˵Ӳظγһѭ
ΪںҪСҵΪ˲룬ǽھҵ⣬þͨչ
軰䣬˶ȵؿСզģ˵ĺеҾȻˣɵؿ㣬Ҳ¶η Ÿ
غõ⣬ںֻҪ΢һЩҴµ˶ףȻʱȴŪеϵµ˹٣ɺͿĻڣܽͨ׶Ļͳ裬Ȼ͸˹Ŀ࿴
رǶ䣬ʵ֮ǰ߼λ꣬δ̫ϣû뵽ļأ¶飬ĵֲӣ
ȻǺ˵£ѾӺɼӰ죬£Щòˡ֣صЩǽλġ
һ㼤˶࣬һ˫˫۾ţ޲õһ衣
Ǽ񵽱ˣ˫Ĵ󱦲أ
Щ̲׶ûøТȺһﵹ˽ĿŵѹΣһܵıһҶģˣ˭ЦţΣޱȣӺҪʲô˳ϯֻҪ˳ɽ˰ĺˣܹ⣬˭裡
·ڶܵĶǼһι£е˻лĶµģ
ȻˣԸһ𣿡ʡ
ûκԥƾԸ


109 
ȸѧСӵ¥ʱ, Ѿ̶ӳԱ뿪ˣ˫̥һһټԱʱʱزһ, ܿȥ, ǵǽǸհɣһ²һ£ϾҪؿ, ͲҪˡ
ѧһ˵꣬Ц, ɺá
˫̥ʼ, εǽ󡣡
һ룬ϯ, ɫĲ, һЩζ嵭ǰͷ˿СӣЦе·, ūŷԸû÷߰ĵϣСүԷá
裬ûζ, ΢մ㽴Ͼͺóˡ˵һСӷǰ
賯ЦЦ, ûܾá
һ, ̾Ϣһ, Ȼһͷ, ͼ滹, Ȱ²ùҡ
û, ʱ, ļɫҶˣٴ
˫̥⻰۾С˪̲סԸѧԹҲһ㣬һ򱻹ˡ
ǣǧһһС͡
ֻѧסһƬţ⣬˹سţȻǣ˵ãӺҪ£ϡƺʹ㣬ùöǽǵġǷţȵӵĺҲǡ
˫̥ʱһͣС˪˳ǣһתڳŵ̽͵ΪҪ󣡡
ԣһܾûӰˣһץô죬ǵȻ׷ȥСһεͷ
оţߺҪ˵Сָһ߹ǣԣġͷ߹ǡ
һҪ迴ˡ˫̥һأǿ豻ܺ͹ùõɫж£ǳġŶˣһв֪游Ʒ
С˾˶ǴˣΪʲôҪŵļ϶̲סʵ
еһ
ѧһڲ˲Ǻ˺
ܶ˽˵˵ûʲôǷŵ̨ϣˡ
Сæּ˸ȵ˵СӲʲô죬Է
󲻸˵죬ǿʳķˡ
Ƴһۣ߸ûһ˿˼ûһ£Ц裬˶ͦ˼ġ
ҪûĵĺƤ˵
˫̥ȻܾĻͣƤЦⲻЦ˵Ųҵ
Ҳû֣ȴˡ
˫̥ǳؿ裬衣
㣬߽㣬ҲȥɣЩʲôȤĶҿ費˵ֱӷųյȥ˲˵
衭㿴С
ѧεʵ˵öԣ趼ôˣ˵꣬Ҳͽ˫̥۾Ͳһˣ
ϣЦʣ򣬽ջ񣿡
ѧףСãЩٶ۷Ҳһ֪⣬ҪȫŪ̫ˡ
˵ҲûָŪ֪ԼȨ㹻ˣʵʩǳ͢¡
˵öԣô˭֪۾ҪҲδ޳йʱǮģòҲ֪ô졣裬ܺãʵʩҲæң̫ĿֻšѧͬԺ·̨Ͷôɡ
иɾ
ѧ˵ֲǲ˽ңҺҵһԸ裬л㣬лС
ӦõģֻҪȶ˾ͺˡ
˵ѧ˲Լϵġ
䴽Ȼ棬
˵ģɾ鷳ˡ
صݣȻ棺СС㣬еĴ°ݷá
͸ѧ˳˫̥˵裬ˡ
ʣˡ
Ѿ˰ʱС˵λӶڣҲûߣ˵һҪǻ
С˪Сȥһ裬Ͳȥˡѧ߽ӡ
ͷá
֮ǰһе˹ȻöǮͻ⻹һǸ
֮ǰΪŵƹҲû棬žµľϻӵü˳۵ظ˴
˲۾λС㣬Ǯеʵǵ죬ѾݺݽѵȻٷλС¡˵ţǴºһۣȥǸ
ƹϻӵ˫̥ǰС۲ʶ̩ɽðС㣬С˲С˹ƹСһΡ
ߣ۸ʱͦܵ𣿡
ǮأҪ𣿡
˫̥һһ
ƹڨЦ˵λС˵ЦˣСĶҪӣ
ҪҵģǾҪǵģͿ²˵ǣ˫̥Ҳã˫ֱزˣ̴ˣֺдţ˵ǳ˾ǳˡ
ƹŲ¶Ϊѣͷ¡
СǴ˵еŮкܣˬЦȻλС㣬ǮȻһʹˡλģҲǵ鷳˵ΥԼЩߣȻû˶±ˡ˵ſѧֹ̧˹үǻǮһֱʱкǮϰ˽Ҳཻƣ뿴ϣûȥҵǸ񣬽½ҹɡ
򣡡
ˣŸǾǻ£ϣҪʱõϣ洦Ҷ׬ò׬ǾͲ£ѧɫõ
СǽǶô죿
λӣȻƽϣıǡ±֤
˵
ƵҲ֪λС㣬ϣܸϾ۸ʵڱȽϺʣȻƹҲἱȫ壬дļ۸ʵӼ۸̫˱˰
ⷬ˵úǲ֪飬˫̥ҪǸƭȥˡ
ˣãȻѾͲҪץŲšˣӺҪΪؿĪҪǷǡѧù˹ǮС˪ſµڱģûȥɣֻҪλسŵĪҪΪ˼ɣмҲӲܡ
үģһ˵ҲٶƴǣֱȹףСүԡ
л
˫̥̫Ը֮£¾ôˡ
һ߳ݴţƹ£ô𣿡
ôмǰ㻹Σ
ⲻǴﲻĿ𣿡
ЦҲǿսķϰһѣΪ˵֪˲ðǵƤͷȥ˵һǵĺˡ
ǡ
һߣѧ˵裬Σ
ӦðǷǸҲˣ̣ûıǣС˪ߵ
Сͷ
ȻȴʧЦҾüã˷Щ٣ǲ֪ǸʲôֻҪǰ֣Ҳ͵֪µľͿʲôʱҵǻǿԼܷҵͬˡ
ˣ裬㲻ҪٹЩѧ˵ԲѣҲܵģպúЪϢ岻ãȽѰ
֪ˣ򡣡
£ʱҲҪˡ
ѧ⻰˫̥Ĵָɺá
ЦõģҲˡ
*
ϣ浥ϣֻӣһϲ̵ؿţֻҪһ뵽֪⣬ȴǽһڵӻòС
ĳ
ͨͨӣһ仨·ɶ칤䱦Ƶġ
ٺٺ١
ָ˵ˮ׼ԡ֮СһЦŮȻ£ҹˣþˡ
ûʵӣ㿴裬ŵɰʵһӹ⣬رʹʱװ޹ˡ
ˣСӾ֪һҵ¾͵֢Ҳ֪Ҫãʵ£˯ղоСү
첻ˡش
Сһ㶣ⲻѽȺǲճţ
˵ʲôִ磬⻰Сţ͸Էһ¡
ôңҽм֪֮ᷳ˵
СӾȡ
һͷһģ˳ǵʲô飬ջѣصĵطүзִġ
СûĿĵϣԶҪǽзִ磬ûִžǻеˡ
ͷһȻһν߼˵ľˣôֵ֮佻ʳɶϵûʲôˣٴС֡
䣬ſڱ棺£
˲̽ŴϷȻһš
£ʲôأ
һС˵㽫úˣǧŪȻģϣ롣
Сӿﱻæӣޱ飬νûʲôˣ
ǹظƤ£Ķѽţ
飬Сķӡ


110 ״Ԫ
֪߽ʱ, оһ˿˿Ź֣ĿһƳ뵵ˮ, ǸεҴϢˡ
ҹһҪ, ޷̧һơ
֪׵ȷһ档һŵ˹
¶ɻ, ǽŽӹ, ֻ֪˵Ǹղ͵ϵ, £үٹվ͵Ӻˡ
ͦ, һ߶ǣû뵽˾ˣȸ, ʲôأţ
֪ʣ֪¶кδ㣿
ʱСǰ裬֪Ŀϵ, ࿴ۡ
ǽϼ, ͯδ, ǳŵҪġ濴ŵļ϶ڽһ䡣
Сӵ֮һ, , ֱʵء
֪ɶ𣬵£
һ, ̧ͷڨЦЦˡ
֪޷, С, ϲЩ, ϵĻǲҪˣݡ
Сͷ˲裬ȥֻӸźӻһֱ֡
ŲܿͿˣ֪˵ȻǵȥŸү˲ţǾ͵ýǰںʵλϡνʣλߣְȨүһԲǷ֮ΪԳ⣬治ְܸá
Ϊýǰںδ
֪˼£ӺĹʱΣΪԲټҽΪӺˣⲢһ¡˽ΪɿȱҪְתΪ١һǻԼǱ˴˾Ӻٳ壬Աиݡ
ŵ˵ͷ뷨費ıϣ滻˺λܵóķڷİ취ͷǸˣҲŶѡ
Ȼְ֪ȻҲҪˣȻ˹ʵʵ⣬Ĺ⿴̵Ҳš
ţӺʹңûУԲɵȻҪְλҲͬĹ˱ᡣ
֪֮£֪λСӿжԲߣ
ˣƽȵضˮһڣУ˵вûţʵ߾ϡ
ʵָ
洽һ񡣡ļƻһ顣
֪û˵ãҲû˵ãֻ·ǳԿʤΣֻ»Թԡ
ţ
֪ףϡ
ʲôţҾһ߻ʵԶӺȨλҲıƣΨһ¾óİһ㣬˿ڶһ㣬ֿʳӱȱ͹ˡνι˲ţ治Ҫ񡭡治мһЦǵмȥ˵˵ʲô伲࣬ʳôֳĶ֪иƨãǻȥ˽ڣǲϣУȥҾͶϡ٩ɽ˲š
̵һ֪Цˣϵ嶼
ѵ˵ˣ
֪ҡͷܶԡѵõӵ뷨
ֿ£֪ټʱܾ⺢ַףɢ࣬ȻǸУһ²ʲôûò˵ıó࣬Ųʵأܹˡ
û취и콫ϵˣӵУһô죿˵źΣȴԺ
ˣ֪һ¾׼ЦҡҡͷСô֮ˣȻͶұȻѾЩ˱ʹ˰Űɡ
ôǣҪΣ͵ó򶪵Ŀô
֪Цͷ
ˣҹ֪ôǣٳǰȻ뵽һ£ͷ£и֮롣
ɶ£
СԵ¿ɷһۣ
滹ΪʲôҪ£û뵽ֻǿӣɶҪӦȻתһ룬ɵؿ֪Ҫ
֪ЦȻƾѾ˶ʮ꣬һͨͨʰӦҲ¡֮гţ·ص˵緢Ӻīⷽٵ͡
ʱȻǰλʷԪڰǿƾٳϵһ棡
ѧ񵽴йϵҸʦʻб״Ԫɸõ
֪ѧʣɳǻȥʲôɲֱӺͷѧʣ
˵Ҳ֪ѧǵóΪʦ֣ʦʦʲôģ׽ģ
뵽ʱ˷ʣôȻѧ뷨
֪ش𣺡ǸӣΪԶƣȷҪҵ֮ʦֻǵ£Ĺؼ֮ˣʦͲѡ˼ȥҲֻ֮ǿ̵ˡ
һǵй¶ˡ
֪ؿ¶Ҹ˵ʮǰǳԩ顣
֪ȵؿȻüͷ£³çˣһй¶ȥ
費˵ġҲر֤ҵʱ龰ĴѾµһ롣˵Ѿ׳һ룬Ȼˣ͸ɴгƽˡ
ʵ֤ѡûȻôô޼أ
û˵״Ԫ㣬ҪѧĻǾͲɶˡѵ
֪ˣ¶ԥ˰̫ˣ΢һͻʹ顣
룬ĪҪԡ
ͷá̲סʣǾ㻹𣿡
ȿɡ֪ˣЩǳأ濴ţ΢΢̡
*
գȻԣû˫̥һ߷һ߻ţһſ˺ü顣
ˣʧЦ㣬߽㣬Ǹһ߶ţϣǲ
ȻǲСһڻش𣬡ܾй
µˣǸ鹦Щ迴˵ȥͳȥɣþҿ顣
ǲУڣһأ
˰ݷá
˫̥Ƶô֪
Ȼ˵дŸѽ
˫̥˭˭Ƥ¸Ϣ
ֻ̤Ŷʱ˻ȥ˲䣬˫۾ϣԼϵš
ң˸С˾šٵһţϽŵĨܳȥ̵е¡
˫̥Ŀ²ţ֮ʧЦҡҡͷȥͺˡ
˫̥¶ɻ
߽㣬ĲﶢңǶ䣬֪ôˣǽܻ𣿡
С˪̫ãƽȻûΪǣҲûǮԷס޶ѣ㻹Ұǡ
ЦʵˣʲôȥЩӺһѹĺ̰æ
ҲôɣһεεĹŵܵܣÿһҾͱϳһΣ϶ʩӣСЩġ
ͦģȽ˳Է⣬ܽӴͬˣöƽΪٰǡ°͵ֶѾˣֻҪԽ˳ϯЩ˾ͻԽģԷСģΪֹûҵ
صÿ
裬ǲûлȥѽ
ͷȻҪҲǰңϾԲܴݾߡ
Ƕʱڿ϶Ҳˡ˫̥ʧ
ԷܽԷǼɵġ
ô죿
ûô죬ֻ㿼꣬뿪ඡ˵˰֣ˣϽߣٿһ飬Ҫˡ
趼ģ⿼е˵ģ֪ԼŲŵס
Ȼˡ


111 ؿ
ڶһ, æµ˫̥ſոѧ嵥һһһ㣬©˵ʲô迼ԡ
ѧõȱżд, аֽɹݸ壬дֳѧ, ֻҪһȻûʲô, ĪҪš
áԹԵͷ
ӣԲҲĪҪ֣ÿ궼лᣬȥ
һ, ֪ˡ
ſ϶, ıӴյǰС˾˳Ը״Ԫ, ֤״Ԫ
ԿЦ, Ҳûղûʲô״Ԫһ˵ԡͷҧһڣֱȻȺġ
Це˵˵, ҪС˾˳꣬״Ԫ
Ϊһͨͯ, мҶ޲ð, ֺȫһ߿ļơ
û취һĺס
, ʱ䲻, ɡ
, , һƺƵĻͶ飬˿ӭſͿٵĲ죬ѵˡ
ȥɡ
ѧ֪ľȣЦС˪ӹݸգȥ㿼
裬ǾڸţһܿǡС֣׼һ㿼
ӺطμӵĿʵڲ࣬һȥʮˣϼҴڵʵڴۣҲ˶ʡ
˼ᣬ֮ſ߽
ΪӺﲻӿƾٵĵطܹɾĿѾˣû뵽澹ȻȻһ£強࣬ζոµģûκֵζ
辪棬ǸڵĿ̾Ȼǰ˵尾Ĳһ
˵
ֻһ߳ؿ߽еĿ׷
λ￴ΧһУǷǳȣرȥѿһεĿǰԱȣΪԡǰݲμԺԣԶԶڣⶼµĶ䡣ӶˣλΪӺϣⷭ¿Աõؿóɼ
Ȼ£
£ӣ
¸հԶұ
л£
һ̾Դɼһٶж಩øУӵĻʱԾϵʹ
ôö˶˵һССԣǫҲ֪λ𾢣һͱ֮ôɣԼѲ˸ϵ
ʱգ緹ֻ強ãϵȿڷʱ룬һݣЩӲıӣӣʳԲɿṩ˼
𣿡
̫ˣҪǿܽ˭ҪʲӵӲ
ǰǰ
л¶䣡
迴һԼŵűȻﾡܵط˸ֺóԵϣȻûб£Ѿˣڡ
徫ĺܣȵĲУҲУǿɲͷôֻǿһЩȳȥٳЩõġ
񡭡ȻСЩǲˡ
˵쿼ԣһĳ̶ȣܲŲʣû뵽ѾźһСȻԹ˽Χĸм̲̾סɿ˴ǣֱϲ
*
ֻư𣬿ţſ½½ش߳
ԴĿˣǰ˫̥һվΧ˸ӵ
衣С۾һſ忡ֳ꣬ȥô㻹Ե𣿡
棬˵֮ǰпһ̧ģŵǶҵߣҲҲˡС˪ҲӭȥӹĿ뿪ſڣԻôѽ
û軹û˵꣬Сһֱˮ̵һȵˮݹ裬Ⱥȿˮһ
ӹ꣬ȻʵһãѾ
ôûС˵Żͷ
С㣬ˡųϵ·źСʣȥȻһӣ̧һϣ𳵾વǰߡ
ͷβ趼ûͣڳɴһ
ѧѾʽΣүǼֵ£ӦúæµϵҲػصݣһ˿δıʱü裬緹û𣿡
ԶԲѽС˪ϸϸؿɫҪҪи򣿡
ôѰ𣬻ý죬Ҫ裬´ٿ
ѧĵľ壬Բûз
һ̾˫۾֮£Щܲ˵
˵˵ͷ
緹ҳԹˣṩһлأȺģûԱ
˵꣬ѧ¶ȣṩ緹
ţ첻ø׼ˣӻһЩ
ôã
⣬Ҳ強ܿµģǹͰˣСæȥֵζӰ죬б̺ʹ˯һԲۡ
զǿǿջѽСƵͷ˵ĳԺһƵĵطȫһ
ֹ˵Ǿ;ССԣһûμӵĸѧ񶼾ȡ
һ㿼ªΪ˱⿼ףҲΪ˹ܷգԸһЩҲ鷳ѰھǣҲܳ緹Ͱ滻֮ࡣ
Ҳ̫ˡѧ˵꿴裬˵ʲô𣿡
۾Ц˶ٵ¶䡣
һڣһžʹн⣬һ˫˫۾µϡ
С˪զֵܿ԰Ҿ˵֣⼸伣迼Զûɸ¶ԭأ
̫ƻˣⲻǼٹ˽𣿡Сҧҧ
ǣǼѽеĿжģ̾¸󣬺޲øͿء赭ţȻѧ񣬡ΪңǲҲóһ
ѧ񲻵òͷš
ۼģͲҪˡ˵꣬Ų裬ãˣ򣬵͸Ǽ˺ʹ𣿡
ѧ΢΢ףʲô㣬֮ĸ·Ը֮£ĩСְ֮Щ˶֮⡣ֵǣ΢ʣ¶ޣҲδиһѾȥˣģǷǵһɼ
ѧȻǳ⣬˵İΪˣǳ⣬Զпݡ
Ҳ֪ʮλǴӺδ
ѧȻûôӴǾ̸ֹҲóλ˲һ·ˡߣӺվȽŸǣǧ˿ƵĹϵѧԴ˲⣬ֻҪлʩչһҲȥ
αЩ¼Ȼˣͺúô¾ͺáŵ¸صĸ޴֮ӣҲмӣðġЦ²ٸҲ˭úã˭ڵǰ¶Ȼí˾֤ԼֻҪ㣬Ӧòָǡ
ѧʧЦѽҲ֪ССĶôۣ硣
۾¶޹ģŽѧߣǴߵɡ
ʮˣӺ֮ǰȻõ뾡һа취ڴվȽŸܵشյǰΡôΪָɵ´ׯȥռ廧¶˦أһߣ˵үǰýԺҲʲôǰ̣ԲҪһá
ԲҲѾ㣬֪һЩǲ·ץסѱ֮£ũ˿ڻղ鼰շŻܳˡ
ʱ䣬۷յĵһϢ編ǲҲˣ
Ϣӵʱڣɳֵ͢Ϣũ֣ԶȹѺճɵʱһϢڼΣ̴֪
͢ȱҪʵʩ͵ǮܽȥطԼ֧ţǲùⲦƵһӣвûѡһУ˸׵۷
ѧȻϣôʵʩǳ͢ľ޴Ӳֻ֣ܵͷû
Ȼˣô˻ᣬһӺҲ˰ɡ
˿ڣأǹҵĻһеķ涼룬Ϣ編㡣


112 ʦ
һĿڽ, ͵ȷŰ
⿼ɵģԭڵĹ˫̥Ҳ
Ӻ٣Լ, ȻŰҲ죬պֱ߾Ӱס
裬ˣһأ̫ˣ˫̥˸ȥһƿܻϲ
ȻֻǵһŹ, һӶѻм˵Ѿǳˡ
ü, һԤ֮еţȻ, ôǾͻɳǰɡ
ô찡С˪ȵ
Ȼ, 黹û, һֱӺƽͲɾ裬Ҳˮ档
СȻԭ, ǽأ
أӺѾˣߡ²յ, ҵ, ץƽ, ٻ
, һͶȹ̻ҪȺ˺ÿ
˫̥ȥԸŲĬĬ˼ԥҪҪǰټһ档
Ȼֻܿ棬ɵҪġ
˵Ҳ֪ҪߣӦûİɣ
տĲյˮѾˣҲûԼүҪµ˼Ȼ¶ƵүҪҪСĸˮ
ع񣬷²յҡͷҺȱˣա
ү
ŹֱӸҡ
үָ˭
ɤӣµ
۾֣⻹ҪصطԸһ
Ϣһβǵһʱ͹
ȥɣҿ顣
ǡ
˿̵֪ǰǰľһƪƪȥ
ԾӣҲǶ徭⣬ƾŶͰˮīҪҲܺȻ֪ȴúϸྸӣצӶȥˣȴ˼﷢
ڣ֪ϵľӷ£æʣôȻĵ
֪ǵλ׷״ԪɣôҲܸλ׵Ϲϵ˵Ҳûúý̵棬²ܳڳ£ôЦ󷽣ʯ֮Գ֮Ϊʯ䲻ԡ
ƾ¾ͽʵʵףȻһ˵λѧûˡ
뵽֪£֪˭ǲѧˡ
һƣΪɶ
֪ƿȻϵĲˮɤ˵ˣ֮ˣҲǲͷ¶βĳ͢Ҫǣһ;ǰ̶Ϊ
֪˵⻰ʱޱ飬̵ʹѾľˡ
ˣҡҡͷںˣҵҲûǻӲƽƾ֮Ҳܸһҵ˾ӢǶĸӾ;ԲܷŹҡɾҲûѽҸģҵȵ͢ĵһƶҵĴҺһģ֪ǷǺôġ
֪ȫȻΣȻΪˣۣ
֪¶ԥĿⲻɵžϣдǲرãĶȻӺܾǱȣǰףӦмˢӰɣ
֪ϿҵһʫǷ࿰Ƶ䷶
һ۾֪ܵĵ֪Щڼ˵ĲҲûߵĳޣ治Ҽ裬úÿִĲּѣ
˭ܲϲϹ
֪֪˼ֻͬص˵ͷ˼һ棬ǣҲŲѽұΪѧ񲻹ˣĳʿ˼ڵϣٳɫʮͣʴܻԵ˵һ̾ԳֲܣΪָкôû뵽츳˵ʵһΪѧֻ轫ķݾͳȥдϧͽѡ¸أӰԶģҺ̫ˣ
ʱˣ̫ãѡ̫㣬ûҪֶ˵˵ʦԭ֪Ըָң񷴵֪вѻˡ
ɿ֪ǺĶģǾԼѡɣȲ˭ԼᣬԺݲʦҲίˡ
֪׵Ҳɡ
ȥˣ֮ǰúÿǡ
һ֮󣬲ؾ͵档
洫˼˼ʣԸָң
ⲻ˵ʱûкʦ̵ľӣ޲ڣ˵дĿƵ䷶ЩĶ˼
ôߵҿҵǫѷ
˰֣̫ǫˣЩѧӣд£úãԹΪɵǰҲõùȥĸֶѣ裬Ѿǳˡ
Ȼȴҡͷ֪֮Ĳ˵ʵȴǲô⿼Ҳ򵥡
Ĳⶫ˵ģҪǡȫƪ⣬Ҫʶ츳
һ𴽽ǣ˵ǵȻ徭רѧôʾ䣬Ա֤˼ܽ壬վЩΰ˼ϣ۵⵱ȻҲȽ
ֵȻ˵ͣµ˼Ӧһλҡ
ߺûѣ¶׷ʷᡣ
ʱȻŶȻߣûѽ˼Ƭ̣Ȼʣ£ǵӺʱݸҵ𣿡
ôˣ
۵ľҩģ֮ǰ˵ҪȻһҩ͸ҴȥһȻҡ
ûȻ
һඣ
濴һ˫ںڵ۾ԼƶУϵĲ裬Ц裬һˡ
΢΢˲ȵ£ⲻܶ˵𣿡
֪Էװԣͳһףûʲô˵ģ¶ˡ
Ե⣬ǲòԾλĻŻӣ䡭ھȻãȴû˵֡ͷˣ͸Ը߳ıߣ͸ˡ
ѣʲôѣʲôʱѣ
ǰӺȴûͬ·һ²ŵΪ˴δ֮£й¶٣
رǸүֶĹϵ
ү
濴΢΢תǶŲװģƷĵ΢΢һӣֻҪһˣƾԼĴһµõ
Ͼģһɵʣʲôʱܹʦ
ô죿²յ¶ȣ㶼ÿ쿼ѧһ㿴أ
ƶ¶˵ˣôλ̵ҶǴ´࣬ѰʦزѶá
ͷû
ǲ͵ˣ˸߷ڣԹʦĶȥȻˣûſѽһЦǰɣ£֮ӾǰȻᱨĸ˿ɱүؿĶࡣ
͵ЦȻתΪЦ裬ҹȻû㣡
ʾôԣ²Ҿ̫ˣ£ǹİɣЩֵΪʲô𣿡
ҡͷûУǣ㡣
㻹
濴裬¶裬ô꣬ǳ֧ţͦȥˣûԱˣģԣ⣬ɷ񡭡
΢΢ã£֪Ըң㵹ͦġ
⡣赹ˮ˵һȻҪƽƲģҲǻؾһɣǷϵͶˣҲͲۡ
е
ôˣ
Ҫѡ˵ʦرЩ£˵Ĵ壬;;͸ˣ£λɸҡӿ
ѿڶҸɲ
ţ
裬λ˳
ôģˮ
潫ϣĿᶨվͰѻԲʧ
轫ϣ´ͦͦţʾʮ㣬ſڿӣ̾һû˵
̾ϢԾʲô˼
룬ǿţһĻʴ۶øλˮš
棺ˣ磬裬㲻ң
ŵøʵģ£𣿡費طʵ
汻סˣش𲻳·̫ңԶʱͷ
Ҹ֤
ܼ򵥣һ
ԡ
Ԫڵ״Ԫɾߣѧʶܳ⸱У£øе𣿡ʵ
֮ǰãʾôһ㣬ȷʣ˼Ǹһѧ
ӿɽ̵˫һģѡһôԶȥѧɲͷ·Ȼֳɵ״Ԫɿָ㣬αԶ£˵𣿡
˳ǣ
ʦ֣գգ۾
ʦᶼҪ㿪ľͺá
ߣʱ䣬һὫ½ҵ
ʦˣ
Ȼйǣα˵̫ףȽϤ˵١
ҲС


113 
ڶ峿, ǰͣ˫̥мҳ뿪Ӻ, ѧһҲһмµլԺ
˾סһԺУƽ棬ЦŰ˰֣֪ˡ
ں裬һȺƯ¶ĺŮӣȵأӯת, Χֱ۾һк, ڲڵĵطߣν̬¶
һ, ƽͷ¬ϵֺһھƣҡͷЩŮ, ȱ˵ζ
ϵһϯЦ, Ҫ˵ζŮ˲ǹζ, Ρ꣬үͲ÷
ţʧԼˣƽӣָ, Ҫ, Ǿ, ȥ֪Ķôĵط
Ƕүʴ, Ҫ˵֪̫ˣͲš
ƽ۾Цô갡᲻ãֻҪϹԹԻһԭġ
ĶңҲ̫ϧ
˭֮׷״Ц͡
Ů˵һܵܣԶÿۡһͷĺ˺ٺЦţ¶аĹ⣬ž˵θڡ
ƽͷߵ¬һۣȻһЦˣﵹƣԶǸûӭӭ
¬һɫƽôҲôԴ¬ɽˡ
¬ȻųնﲻŮ¬ϵల£һ֪ǧûݣ˵ָʹ˶ƽΪòźŮûеһζ˲ƽ澴ξơ
ĵװޣȴҲûа취ֻĵȥˡ
һס֣ɫеүƯŮ˶ǣѵǸرһҿķ˾Ͳ
˾ȻŮͨԣ¬ŵʹѲӻ¶ίȻƽ¡
ͲˣһӵĻѵǿõģ
˸͵жĶ͸øѵñ֪Ժ󲻸ѧ
ƽЦƣ˵öԣЩ˳ʲôرһӸӲùٲԼ棬͵óΪһɢɳˡ
үڸô죿
䲻ǻһģм뿪˴ƽžƱ¶׹⣬̵ųȥ˭ٸһİǾͱ׬һǮ
ã
ȵǻǰүǵ¶ͬ.аĹ⡣
Ķзݣá
ˬ죡
*
ԴձӺΰҲ͹ˡ
жˡ˹档
СүǰŸߣȺ˾ͰͲסˡƻ˻֣ϻ£߲񡣡
ǡ
νһ²еƹ˳ҹɫǰһ۵լӣ̵š
Ѷû㣬ֱӿţһǽһֱ߽ͥŵѡ
˵УðŷĻƷ͵پ͸Щʳһʵ̫ϧ簵ɽ׷߿
мҽȻͷǲǡ˶ѣһˣܰæ˵Ѿ壬ٶҲܲԼһߣӺõĻгҲôŻˡ
ﲻһĳɽǽЩϺë̺ǵȸ˶֮أ׬ĿɾͲˡ
˱ϷŹ
ү˵ˣƹ񾡿콫ȥҹζࡣ
ƹģǾߣأ
ˣһҲû٣Կ
ƹµ˵ͷȥ鿴Ʒʡ
ƹû
ãлүˡ
䣬ſڷȻһ죬˵ɫʱһȵ嵽ſڵʱ򣬾ͼѾײˣʿǾŻѳ˽ת֮ͽذΧ
ƴżĿһƳ˾ٱڷǷס˵꣬ͷһ̧½ͥ
ǣƹæЦݽ͵
ҹ⣬ƭأЦһ
ⲻ֪ͬ𣬽кã⡣ƹ˵ſһԼ£һƹҹãˣʵСλүƺȡ
ӺƱ٣ʵڣһСٺü
ûɫȻʣ˵
Ȼ
УǶ䣬ȥϣǲǱߵĻԩˡƸ֮Уͼ߳һǽܣƹ˶ʱɫ
ǣ
߽ͥ
˿̣ЩѷԺĻѾʿѺеˣǺ˻ǻе˶ϵһֶ¡
ЩͼҲûŻϸ鿴ȻͷǼǰߵĻ
˵ⲻǵģǵĻ
ԣ˵ǵľǵģ˵ǣ֤𣿡к̴󺰵
ǲɵʱǳϣɾˡ
һܣƹ֪鲻ˡû뵽мһܳͷҲ£аźݺԽܣƹ˶ð亹ֺΪ˼˻ˮ
ţɵתʣеģô˵˭ģ
ƹķ䣬ǿЦ⣬⣬Ǿңʵڲ˭ġ
ôֱʶ䣬֤ǵ𣿡
϶Уÿһ϶ҵܵѡģиڲ˹ټĽ˿Ҷ㣬۸񼫸ߣһ̶ûϣ⽫װֻµϻϻϣɢһ޶
ӻȡһľϻӣչʾ
ԭˡƵͷǻʲô˵
ǵģ˿ҶģҲ֪ΪʲôŮ͵ȥ
˵ͼߵҵı˹̶ӹһŵһƬҶӡ
ðǹȻ͵ˣǽĶǸǮЩϣȷǵģݣŭ壬ӷŭ
ô죿µ˿ۣЩͷ
֪Եɣһͷ˵ЩզôҪأָŷҧһڵĺһڡ
˵ˣƨƴһ߶ʱŶûǸʲô˿ɶģ
ȻС˵
Ȼȴ˵ûС
ѳڣ˶ʱ㵵ؿֻЦôϣǵȻ治ЩͨСҶѡ
ƹ񱾻ɻ֮ǰûֻסĵһˡ
ƴһԼʲô֪ҽƱ磬ˣЩ˶ץȺ´ã
ǡ
*
濴ǰƤ飬طһҳС쳤˲ӣһȻһ̾ͺˡ

ƤŸսߣʶػͷӣ̾ʲô
£ūŷˡСӵ
𣿡
СӵɶūŶϵõ˵⿴ɣ飬ϢúȻ𻰱һʱѾǾҳŬŬ졣
棺ʶ˻Ȼõˣҵӣүˢˣ
ĶҰ£ⲻūѺúö𣿡Сίˣ˵Сүøһ̣µʱ̫ˣǰ
ʱҭһ£Ȼô˵ûӣ㿴үǶ𣿡
СҲ룬ػش𣺡񡣡
棺Ҳô϶ʹ˼ʹһµġ
£ʵʵСү˵˰ɣͲϡ
С̷ҴӦˣúö飬岻ܸģҸ˵꣬һҲ̫ˣ˵Ϊ˿ƾùҲͰˣүΪʲôҲøŴ֣
˵ι𣿡
Դ֮Աǣǻӣװģ磬һǶЩָƵģҲû˳úõģⲻԽԽˣ
´Բӡʱſһֻ֪߽࣬飬¹˶ܶ飬飬ι֮Ȼ£飬Ҫӵܶ飬ͨʷΪΣ
˵Ŀǿ̫.棿
ǡ֪̫.΢ĩֲʶڿ֮ȴ飬˵ã
ǰûô˵ֱ׳
֪һֻؿƺڷôͲأѵû˵
£ȰöˣҶȰѡС˵꽫ͷõ͵͵ģһš
죺ѧҲɣ
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豣֤Ժһλ˳浱ºڵʱûãţƤǴˣ̲ס֪壬Ұõ𣿡
֪һʣ˼ΣȻϵ鱾̯ǰ˳ֽǾߵĻߵ£úÿɣв⣬ԸΪ󡣡
ص̾ϢһȻ׵á
䣬ƴͷȭ£ЩѾйˣĻָʹ֮Ǻ˳ϯƽƹҲѾǶƽݺܡ֤֤ڣǷץ
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ǡ
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114 
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ڣǹͷ׼, Щͷˡ
˵ʵ, ƽ, ˳İû̫ĸдӺĺˣȴƾһס
żӺյʵۣ˺, ŭԡôƽǺ˵죬ŶνϯſЩ׬ǮĺͷʹѪȻ಻ԣȴ˸ҷ, ⵽
żҲӺһʵͨĺĽ, Ȼ˽֮״˳ϯֻŮ쿪δָλүΪǳͷ
û뵽ôһ죡
ƽˣ
֮գſڴ󿪣еĺ˶ͷ, ӿ˹ȥ, ſ, ֵӺնȥ
չ֮ϣԲΪ֮٣¡
ŵ̶ܵܺӹڹϣ״ֽӺô꣬ĺѾ뵱һ£ڳؽ˴ݺ֮һһγ߳
֤֤ڣƽ޴ӵƽƺȴٱǿѹȥһûǱǻǵһο漫ˣȴҲʹ켫ˡ
ԲһľľŶƽʵ㻹кλҪ˵Ƿ˽ٻݺ̶ӣ
ûκɵ㣬ƽǲҲϣûж׺ݵűϵŮˣСϣԸܷ
˵ʵݺɣ˵ҲأҪ
Ϊ˱ҶԶǸ⣬Ըʮ⳥ǵʧ˿ˡ
û͵ʮԳνϴ̬ãǰ˳һҲͲࡣ
ǣͷһ䣬䣬ӵĻе벻ͨԶƽĲΪηǵøȥ˵˵𣿡
⻰Բ̴λǰһߣ̧¡
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ⳡӲǸθСˣͷϷڲſʼ
㡭ͼ̲סһ䰲οֵûϵ
һȻĺˣӺô꣬ϵóסкˣЩ¶ǣĳϯ֮ˣҲвܵѹȣȴΪֻܿһ˵΢֮ĵײ̡
Ȼ͵ػͷ棬ʣ£ǲ񣬵һؼʵʵ⣬˰ѹȡ衢кԸΪЩԲ֮ͬ壿
仰еĺ˶һͬ棬ڴսȭͷǲͬķɫͬĳ࣬Ǵ˿̸Ӻղκ
ЦվЦɣ̧ʳָָŵ棬ֻҪվӺƬϣ˭͹鱾Ͻһͬʣ˳㿪ؿֽ̼ԿӺƽ˭˭裬˭к˭ͷҴ˳һϳͲձͽвƽ˵˵Ϊ
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Щ꣬ڶƽߺܹ˳ʲôʲôͬź¬ɽͷЦ̵׽ƽܷģ֪˲˽ء
ܵҪ뿪˼Ͳšµʤƽ᲻ɱֻ밵иѵ֪ȻԹԵһҡβôҲԲƽϡ
ֻû뵽һʱʴȾôУƽʹ۾ǰŮˣйٲѺţȥ
⣬һһûκڣԼаݽɫҲһ֪һ˵ҪǿΪһУ±ȵģҲ˱ġ
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һһɨǵϣǧðŷɳɺѣΣһ·ӺΪ˸˴ȥҪĲΣȥǮܴ˳ѹҲͰˣȻЦǣǵѪͺˮװʧȴЩˣһķɫͬһطûﻥȴǿһǵĻǵĻǮƾʲô
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ǣƽʱǹǸһͲǺŮˣĸû˯˵Ļ𣿡
ʱ¸׸꣬һתͷ˯һŴȥǿɾ͵ùˣ
ǣͼվҪȥ㣬 ǣԸġ
ԸЦøһǸ˾ȥ˭ŲԸ˵ͷҲЦƺڲС
ǰȻһɹֻӴһһ̵ֻİֱָıϣʱбѪűӰţͣʣ˭ӣ
ΧһĬȻС

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ĴָŶָˣǿƽ˾ͷϣǵ
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ƽˣ綾һ㣬ضŶ䣬ҶƽһֱΪȡ棬ֹ˳̿ӺĿãѪˣⱨӦġ죬һĿͣҵš
ƣô򣿡ĵƳһۣſڣһӣˣߣһثֱ֣˷ѱʱ򣬻翴顣
һӣ֮ǰвϵĺ˶ʱҽ˲Ѫ۴С
ΨһĻᣬϧǻǣҧŴŨŨʧͱ
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һһſӵĺ˷׷˫ϥءǷǺôɵ޷ȱһһһվȻӵ
俴ǣ͵ܻܵһۣЦˡ


115 ֢
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ԩ, ԲԴ˲һͷ, ֱӴסƶ, ûʱؼȥ
ǾЩһ, 㹻ƴ֤, Щϯͷβܲһˡ
˿̵Ļϲص;ڳϯ֮θõعЩӺĺ̡
û뵽ûȴǿһƥˡ
̵Ц, СƤЦⲻЦǲӭҡ
, Ķܰ, ߽, ֱԣðھصġʧʧ֪, ǿģµ, , Īµˣ
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СӾȵ߽ˣ
Ȼҵˣʲôֲ˴һǣתͷƺȻʲôֻͷˣ˵óϵŵļƪ£ת
˵꣬һӣȥ
ϣϻӣһֽŵúϵŵذһָ壬Ȼ˵Ǹ֪ģ澭ס棬ֱӴһ
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Сӽݸ棬ʵ£Сүдʲô
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СӴ˴֣˼ūܿ𣿡
ܣ˸дɶ˵ţ潫ָ˹ȥ
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񿴶ֺûһҲūžСүдľǺáСһͨƨȥ˵ͷҷˣүٿˡ
СƵǵµʲô
˵ҪˮƽҪңʲôʱܴﵽ
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СӵͷУɶ˼
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һʱ֮ҲŪūڿү֪ǣ֪һġ
ǡ
ţдأ´ټҪү̣Ȼ泤̾ʲộǿϡ
˿Ŀνѱ棬֪ϣ裬ˡ
ɵظпӣүԭΪ˼֮ҩҽ
ԣ
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Сӣ̫֢ҩˡ
淢ȻСӣ˻֣ȥɡ
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Сӣ˵Ѿ
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Ī
ͷǣӺĳɹԱȳ͢ʧܣع龩ǵҲĸ׺ƽԩģΪԼĨȥ۵Ļᡣ
ʧܵӺΪӺĹԱҲܽ˻˳طΪ
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ˣл𣿡
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˯ñȹñȼ磬Ϊȭϰ䣬Ƕ顭
ȻԻûĵһ仰ǵ೤ȫļҵ
ǡͦأȻǰӺһ·ȻûзɹѧҵǳйɵؽҵˣԺ޸
ȻһתԼͬͬѧǾ֣飬˫ֺʮʹһݶݲͶصģԲ²⣬Ⱥŷɵļһ뿪ɳǵһɲӦҵˣ̹̹ĸû
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˵꣬ҲЩٺƤǣֱӴžתȥ˸ڡ
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116 
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䣬ʷةеϣ΢бࡣ
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˳۵ı֮˿壬ϵȴеϡ
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ң뵱Ѳ࣬۱ǧӦ֮壬ǲƴǣһһû뵽ǮȱֱȻֻ˼ʱӴԹУϣҪЩհ
ΧйԱ˷׷׸ͣǰǰ
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ţ
غСĵ˵½ǰɳŹأǻϵİΣô죿
ͳȻƷߣȴҪǵĸʤΣغôһ˵˳۱㿴˹Ŀ޲
غһ̧ͷ˳ĮĶһæͣūŸūԽūŸūԽ
һǾʹѪ˳۲Ű˰֣ˣô֪꣬ôı޻úõģ𼱼ææ·
һغǰʱһ˹ȥ̽͵ϣūŶĹ޶İϣ
ȥҩɣСԪź򡣡
嵭һ仰غ֪˳Ѿͷˣֻס촹ͷǡ
սľس˵ţɿһüĿăСԪǵѪʱ¶ȣع
غ˲ЩڣڵãźСЩĪҪǻϲˡ
СԪɫһףȻΨΨŵŵǡ߽ڡ
ȻżµĿʱ侲΢΢˹ȻһϢ¶һ˿ӭĨƣСϡ
˿˳Ѿ˱һ֣ī
СԪʶؿ˿ſڣһ˿⣬ֹǹԹԵߵ˳ߡ
˳ڱϿţЦôˣ
ղعСԪ˵ִͷû˵ֻϸĥī
غ˳۸ſſڣζЦЦиޣ޻֪ߵôй¶ȥġӲͨڸֱӼӼʸ˳۵ġ
СԪһ٣̧ͷɫְһ֡
ˣ˳ʡ
СԪͷҡҡͷҶˡһڣƺòԣִͷ˵ˡ
㰡ôˣϻ
ūūعġСԪС˵
ԭˡ˳˵վд֡
ңСԪȣȻƴǣūŲҡ
޶׼ˣһֺ֣дͿϧˣдúã͡
ǡдʲô
дʲôдʲô
СԪ˱ʣȻͷ˿ʵۡ
˳۹޷ˡ
СԪǴͷѩ׵ֽĿ΢ʣһǳɡ
˳۴սһʱЦ³
ū׳ˡŵĻӺȫСԪųվ˱ϣſŻʵۡ
ìܣȴ˳ϲ˳־ͽ̵˻ϸ׵֣Ƕ˰򵥣ãдúãʲô
衭
СԪû˵꣬˳۵غӡִʰɣ޵ģ󲻱
˵꣬һ𣬰ϰ§ڵ޹ʣϣա


117 ʥּ
߳, ·λһһָߵúȻһ, ˡ
عͷ, Ȼ׷¡
Цʣڵȱ
¹¶ȻлҪʵġ
˹Ȼ͸вŶ, ˵ų, ʷ̨۷ӣô
ȻΪµǵΪԸ滹Ǽ٣
˼Ƭ̣ȻڸҲյϢȻ档
, ʣǺ˵ƣ
ЩգǷųҲ˵ˣȻ𣬹޳Ǯת޸ǣޣ˿˰, Ȼֵɵ, ῴһΪ˭, Դʼ֮, ǰҲѫ, ʲôҲ, ֪Ҳ, ʹǮŶ٣ţһëⶼҪӰ٣θ飬ҿʱôǡ
üȻ鲢ǰ򵥣ӦҲ̫ˡ
𿴾Ϊѣɶô꣬˽Լĸĵܵܣ޷ôˬ졣
е£ʹǮܵ˰һְ壬ҲԸϳ۷𣿡
һɵЦʣ˵˼
͢ȱǮ࣬Ͻ⣬ӹɣҲðճ˴˳ڿ֮±ϰ̬¶۷Ϊ棬ȴǵĸϳ
ôҵĲǣ
£𣬸ǹǼӲϢܲ͢ʹУҲƸʹǮ̰ʹռۣ۷
⡭ⱾҲΪ˸ʣ͢ȱηŰٹٺ»޽θã˵㵭ˣҲ
ǻ顣
һ仰ö֪Ϊβˣ˵ʲô˼ⲻͷǵò鵽ϡһ䣬ɫ˲һ䣬ԭľ⣡
˳۵ԸΪӣǺôϲǮ˳ۻʹ죬ȴԲϣԹϡ
һߵͷһ߿϶˵ˣˣôҡ
£϶ȻϣƵ鷢ȻѾ⣬ҡһգ̧֣֣ص
ԣ׸ƹ˾˾ϧջһҶŶƬȥδ޷ƿء
¶Ŀ̬֮ʱЦǰһ˵ʲôΪΪ񣬱Ե֧֡˱˼ֻ֪Ϊ͢ǣ˰һͷ
Ҳܷλֻǹά壬˳֮
ޣЩϧ۷ΣģֻķΪܰЩ֣ȴˮһա
аοǴ˳ǿһ֧ȽɽȻ֣ϧپҲ޷Ⱦָ
ףǰҲпɰɣȴߣһӺ˵ڣĽ
ֻʣ񻪹أΪ壬ǵ£֮£·ýǿԿѡˡ
ǡЦеļҺ˰
ǫѷ񣬹뿪
Щʱ鷿򿪳룬óǷɳǵżֽҪһۣջǻطĿ⸴̡
ʱſһ档
нŷŻس룬Ȼ
߽鷿
º͵ʣ˵ͬͳԾôôͻˣ
ЦǶ˲ҵ̫ãˡ
οҲãӼڶƷѧ֮ˣҲ㡣
гǣףղиȡо٣ǡ
ˣЦССģϷοˣȻˣǾͻȥЪŰɣ£
ԥһ£ȻʣͬԣϢ編ҲУ
жֱߵĲյڵڳ㣬ôн飿
ҡͷǰҰŪֻǡ¶Ϊѣƺݡ
ô
˵˾˾Ӣţﲻţټһˡ˵꣬㴹ͷҿС
вŪǵһ٣̧۾ζټ
ǡЩ⣬뵽շµĺڣòӲͷƤ棬̫ףо˹ҲҪ󡭡
з²յĻ񡣡
һͣ档
º͵úö飬Ӽ࣬ĪҪ̫
棬ҡҵ飬ճԾƣͬӦ͡Ϊѵ
ǲ֪ʲôΣŷ뷽ĳФƵ㣬ŹǴпΪϲ
Ĵһֱ⺢ӵԱȴԸвģ̫١
񣬽ϷӦˣձȻ̫£ǼĹϵʱϷΣҲһ𣿡ĵطʡ
һΣ´ΣҶȻܾ
кκôհǡ
ѿڶԸлһڣΣյĿ£˶٣͵ĸ̻Ҳᣬǲ֮ơ
ȥɡ
档
ȥ
ҧҧѾµ̬ȣɵʣ棬ͷڴΪƣԱмҾߵʮҲΪ˹
ŭ˵
һӹ°ͣһһǺ˵û˭˸ûͷһӣΪʲôǲ£漰ĹԱһӣ˼֣˭ֿõһƴˣûҪǾһľ֮ӣǰ˵ϻ
һϣһҪΪ˵ĸһ֮˽򡭡δ˵꣬ͣսȭͷķ³һˣˣ˵棬¹ͷϷͷأͺúö飬ģһССŲҪ֣ȥɡ
Ű񣬡ǡ
ҷƯ㵱Ϊ֮
ȷһ뿪ȡŷҡͷһ̾Ϸǲ֪޷ɼˡŷ֮ȻǸѧ
뿪鷿һԵ̴˳ʣô游Ӧ𣿡
ΪʲôԼʣ
æ֣ҿɲң游һʹһ٣Ͳһ˼㡣
´ˣҲˡ
һ㶣Ϊʲôѽ㲻ոôˡ
һۣû˵Ӿȥ
ΪʲôΪӳѩǵҪҷмҷʮľˣҲ룬ʮ˭ġ
뵽޵ĸף۵ױһսӣ˵׻΢ݲ
*
ٽĩ֮ʱʥּڵɳǡ
Ŵ󿪣ǰԺ㰸ĸ׺游ּڸемҽá
˻ʵۣگԻפعţУͿ๦ߣ޸ڻشһƷ֮οҳϡ䣬ù龩ɹŴȻ֮󽫣֮á񻪹ؽְиﲻˡ깫פ񻪹أϰѹؿմˡ
ּ̫꣬ʥּЦеߵǰǰֵ깫Ӽȹϲˡ
깫þδ·̫ͻȻڵδع̧ͷ̫ЦؽƵǰʥּϡ
ţ費ɫŲŲϥǣĵˡ
ּ̫Ϊ;ȴʵΪȨʵ㲻ʲôϲ˿սּмˣǸ棬ҲֲûʵۻջرȨ깫׵ͷƣ̲ס̾깫һͿ࣬ҲЪЪˡ
깫˳ǣԳһЪЪ
ȻЪҲиˣ벻깫ġּ̫סֱۣ˴ӵϷеûֻϵ𣿡
깫һ㶣񻪹ء
ּ̫ཫʥּ깫У׵ǰ񻪹أ깫ǶҲɳŹؼ·̡ϻǵǹ飬ýɳŹأּ̫Ȱּɡ
깫ű۾ʥּһݵϳиʶ
ӼҶȻתϡ
֪εؽǺˣ깫ʵ
ּ̫ԥһ£깫ЦһҵĶӣ׸ɳŹأϷļһҪˣ᲻ãҲ¡
ּ̫Ȼ֣깫ģؽǰͳ½ܻΣΪ״Ԫزʧġ
ͺá깫ĵŻͷһŮӣȻʣ֪Ƿϳڴ˶գ
깫ǻδ֮Ը
깫ͷȥһɳŹأ𡣡
ԭˣǿԣ˵ˣ깫һа֮Ρ
л깫ȭȻ˲ŸƵһ·糾ȱ衣
ּ̫๰ֻƴǣ̫ˣȻʥּѵӼұ㲻پǡ
ߡ
ּ̫һߣڸеޱݸӵؿ游ʥּˡ
һᶼǡ
Ԥϵ£˵棬깫軽
游
깫ЦʣŻɳǣ游ȥɳŹߣȥȥ
۾һȥ
˵꣬һͬͷݣ¶ѯʡ
ݵһۣ˵ˣһܲͬ𣿲һ
ݣʲô
ݵҲȥ
ǸɴһȥɣðŵѾźˡЦ
˫̥ݺݵͷС˪пԺ󶼲ܴˣô˻ᣬٿۣСȥܸ
ððС˵ſޱĽ㣬ȥ𣿡
ȥɣҪȥޱ
ϷʵҲ᲻õӦĽ򡣡
ޱͷҵúúðο


118 ɳ
, Ѿݵɽƣһ, ĿĲɳؼ, ֻʣǰǵضΪ֮
ʹǷɽ, ̺ɽ
ǴڻҰУͱĸΰǽ, þƽȻ뵽ϱʫ
гδѩϡƼӹ¶Щ, ޴ս, 깫ѾɳŹأλŮפشӪ
ûһ˵ҪЩ, йӲʵ, ⿿깫û˻, г绹ߵգһǹһԼССսƴɱġ
游깫, ȻĿһ࣬ԼŲ, ЦùúܾûɳŹˡ
𽫸һ, æ̧Ρĳ, ̲סп, ʮˣﻹӣ˷ɳǻмҾġ
չĳϣצ죬
δѩֽſ죬ƿֻЦ㡣
ףôҲˣȵ
ϡʵ游ǲʥּˣ
һδѩԭأг磬ʶƽ˴ǣ
깫ĳŮļ򣬰οţ磬Ϸǽһͬȥɡ
г罫ͷƳһߣƺãŵ͵͵ػӦһǡ
ɳŹǴ˳ߣֱӶŻĮ깫Ӫʱݺ˹ؿǽ֮ϣָŻĮķϵūһǶĲԭɱֻﶬݻݣſֽ磬ȵ괺ܼɫˡ
㣬ƺû
ش𣺡٣ҲһɣǴ̽ϢѣżӪȥһ˾㹻˻ˡ
мҾͷѿУּϺ֣ūҲ
ݸŮǽָ߲ĺۼȾ˻һƵɰʯ̧֣һûˣмһߣūǻ̽Ҳ֪λͳܲܳסݵдһ⣬ò׻ص˳ĵطҪ뿪
ּ⣬мǹýŮĺ
ߵĸ׵ߣ˵ǳŲסҲóסɳŹزܳ£游Ҳڸ뿪¡
ݴüֽ̧Ʈķ˿쵽˶û˵Ϊ֪˵û
˳۴һƷľλȻмϮ깫ջأǱϾ̬Ҳ˻ľġ˳ǾԲԸ⿴ɳŹ벻깫һ棬С˲ԣпΪ깫޵ȨмҾ½ŵսܣԴ˱Ȼʵ۽Ȩٻȥ
˳ȻǸع֮ˣǺ޵ġ
游ӦҲУмҾĽƢҪշǿɷ˲ʱգ½ţ˵пڶūʱϴ
ŵӽͷŮǽ¿ʱͷؽķУϽԴøߣ㣬ūƹǣɳŹӦѹ˰ɣ
ԣǻƣ˵ǵǣԽǣȷʱѽջˡ
ͷߣɽȺɽ񻪹أ
ش𣺡ûɽ·ߣҪﵽ񻪹أҪôҪôɳŹ¸ԭҾפڴˣһǱܶ졣
Ҳ񻪹ūԭɳŹһҪϣ»ɳ죬ХɪɪΪӣʮڴ˴һʧأݣŹٵ£ҲΣ֮С
ҪסؿԴǸĪĿ顣
Զһǰһ˫̥ٵطɳۻһܻһ߻֡
̧֣кȻ̧ͷʱȴԶĺɫ̤ɳ̳Լٶȳؿеš
ףⲻǴļӪ𣿡Ƶʲôˣ
꿴ʹӶģɫһ䣬ãɳˣ˵̳Χҡ죬򿪴ţأʿ³ǽ죡
裬ͷϣȥݽӹŮͷ̸һʵȻʹҴȥ
ͷֻ¶ɵļӪ֮ǻɳ̳ûΪﾭɢһڻƵĳǽʽ֮粨˷ӿһ׹ںɫ֮
ʱصĳ죬ڿҰ֮лصųصĳʮλʿƶ»򿪣ڳ֮ʿɵһϰһͨĿӡ
˫̥ȷɳ۶룬¡¡ŵԶǧκγٻš
ģ˵ԾȻˡ¶̧һӣ죬سǡνسǱڳ޽ľ±ݣɳŹǵһأССĹسǾʮ
˿̣Ѿױɳڸǳ˻谵ѹǵķ籩٣۾ô󣬲ϱҲûֱȻ籩ľһʱ䲻֪ǿ־壬𺳡
裬ɵվŸʲôߡ
һģЦ
裬͸ЩɳŹصʿһģһɳɳŹزټﶬ֮࣬ԣȶ㣬һ͹ȥˡ
迴еʿ³ǽǰģǵϲ޻ңűͷ򳤶سӪأȻԣѾϰߡ
ҵķŴɳĮĺɳڿУ岻õڹسУһ˲·ѡ
ݹеؿҡҡͷʾû¡
籩ûжãܶԶȥɳŹصʿָ֮£˳ǽֻھĹߣɳһǽϱȻºһɳǵȲָճվڡ
깫ڴӵ֮´һس߳ЩףٵĽʿϽԴŨŨĲᣬಽظ깫
Ǿλˡ깫ֶ̧˱ȭ
󽫾ģǵ
Щۿͨ죬֪Ǳŵķ籩۾飬깫Ѿʮˣ˭Ҳ֪֮껹ܲټ
Ľгߣ˴˱ȭС
ĪҪ£˭ҪҵʹǱƬⷽա
罫ǻټģ𣿡
гͷ裬һһԤѾһʵ֣мѡ·Ϊվǹ
ԣһص
ã罫һ·ء
ء

طԷɳӽ쵽ʿǻҳոһգ긴һŻĮڣƷʿԣΣգȻȴмҴϵԸᡣ
Ƭ˺ˮѪĵط
꣡
Ȼһ£ſ׵Сӳǽߺһ
˶ȥֻѾɳӺÿɫսۣһ˫۾⣬һͷ
Ȼϳˣ̲סЦСף
ǡ¶ɴһۣȻⲻܼСô⸱ӣ
ֻСߵǰͷҪˡ
ʥּѾˣ游ǰ񻪹أǵȻһͬߡش
С۾һ˲Ͱˣһ壬ȻԼѵɳƺɶûУսѥһذף˹ûʲôͣܲ
Ӵ¶ɱűгļײײһĻЦܹ
гط˸۸
ҸҪ
ҡС֧һ׷¡
˫ֽ̥Ӵ㣬һ
˵۾Χ˿̧ͷ죬ͷЦеؿһˣ깫ͼλȹʧЦֻ˫̥˷ܵؽе㣬ˣ
޲ץϵɳӶסõ죬ֻܽǰϣװͰ͵Сףʱ˵Щ
СȻίˣҲʱ˵ʲôʱ˵㶼Ҫˡ
һͣȻɫûнӹǰذףֻǲʡ
Ϊɶ㲻ϲСҰŪвУֲԼԸġСǷ紵ɹڣֻԺڸǵᡣ
мֻ׸Ůش
ȿȡ깫ŲɤӣɴûҪҲ֪ΪʲôǰͷĸĪ׸ˡ
С㶣Ϊ
ҵͷ
СһĴȣаҵͬˡ
𾪵ؿܸڣ֪᲻ȡ
С׵ȥµĹ£Ż꣬Ӧ𣿡
Ҳ̲ס˵ҵҪǵҲͲˡ
ʧЦһҲԡ
һԴϣã
ǣᣬпеģ顣ݻᣬʮ壬òںܶŮӻأ¡
һѽͷϵĽӸڵʵʵ
ͷ죬ҡû뵽ܸɳŹһۣ¡
Сؿһۣûһ𰸣ֻذһȻ꣬ҵú룬ֻҪϲңĶ¶˵꣬ܵ깫ǰһ񣬽ŶгǱ˱ȭȻ£ֲϳǽʿɳȥˡ
꿴ıӰذףطӡ
깫ͷм£̧֣λˣڡ
󽫾ڡ


119 
öԼ뿪, ѧЩƤȻҪȸԾеͣҲ
ʱ, һΪǺƲҪҪΪ֮Ҳʲ죬ҵҭձʿԳ̾, ڹʲôѧ
żëǶǶ, νһȤҪ, ˵еź
û뵽ǵʱЩӾȻˣһ۾ᡣ
辪漫ˡ
ʲô飬һΪʦΪ, Ӧõ𣿡ʯ
յǰʣǿʲô
˭ˣСӲ, , ̫ˣϲޣ֪֪ҸԭҪֺ÷, 겻ˡ
磿
, ϲ㡣
Ȼ, Сף
, ܴɣΪð, ҽСס
裺ֺܺúǿ, ̫ӵˡ
˵Ҳ, ƽʱ޲ñ𿴵ӣҪˣͺ᲻ãЩҲôˡ૵
˵Ҫѧѧⶼû̡
ǰȥĶѧأ
ɳŹصĺӣ¶֪һʼΪ˽ɱУȻǶϰ֣Ҳ׶ΪǺá
ӡһ˫˫۾裬Ĳᣬǻġ
ףһ·˳磡
ǿ꣡
״Ԫ٣
ԺָƯţһѺӣ

ԭڸжţЩףʱЦ̲סҲƵġ
ѵ𣿡
ԭȺӷŸ֪޾Ŀּ٣ɼȻѷ֣бҪǰ֪һɳҿûزǡǿӺѽ
˽˸һգһ˫˫ɵ۾
ḧǵԴ¶ı飬ѧϰˮۣˣ޷֮Ժ㣬ǰǻСɳ岻󣬲ǰӺɿҵ
ǵͻſĿ΢Ц衣
վһԵЩĿˣſָס
ʲô˼
ȥǵĸ״ž֪ģԲҪ᲻ãܼܿˡ
ѧ
ģ
ҲȥӺ
ɳŹصĹɳŹصˣ
һ⻰ضԶЩļתֻ°һƬ
ʲôУʲô᲻ãȫȥˡ
ڰߣʣС˾ˣΪɶҲҪȥ
̸ЦȥǵĳϣǸ游ߡ
ûʥּмҾֻҪƷ˭뿪ȻˣǾͽдС͵ѧҲһֳεı֡
¶ӣ΢΢һӣҲٶͣڳеؿ
*
յмҳϢϲǣȥ߹ĲҲ˻
£
ȥǱù
СӸ˵ǣȥ
ⲽ鷿һ̾ɳǵӺһЩҪ£ӱ޵Ļ죬յˣҲ˵Ѿ·죬ֻʣ߰첻ʱǾܼˡ
Сŵ˵ͷǰɵô̫ˣ߶Сү𣿡
ˣүˣһ뵽һȵÿѧʣͽӣ˵ŷ鱾ͷѾ֪עֻҪſͺãһܵȿ꣬Ūţʣ¶ʧСģүͷ
Сӿ˵ŲԸȴʵʵط鱾һЦʱһֱûиСүʧġɿ죬ϣí㾢Ҫ̵ūſɴûô˹
ͿⱾע֪֪жο޲ýƽѧȫ
⻰ǣҪүǰö飬Ŷװģ£ƾĴѧ˵͸һ״Ԫȥˡ
е˵ʹɫܴʺŷ죬濴飬пһʵҲûʲô廹裬˵һͶ
Сӳ˳ǣûūŸ㱭裬úù
ȥɣ˳㽫үһ¡
ǡСӸճţͼͨǰݼү
¬ɽųң͢Ȼǲµ֪ݹϣԲޣΪƷͨУ֪ѰһΡ
¹ټ¡Բһ񣬼˲迴ǵ£Ϣ編;ķĹ͵ˣĿ
ӹСӵ飬һȻԤı޶£Ϣ編ϢǲǸЩ
ǣ豾ǶǶְ롣
¶⣬水дģҲߣܱ׾ͺãݹĽ·ɡ
ν·죬糯͢˾˾һһţɸѧͳרע棬ƹԼ޶
ǣ¡
ȵȣôùǵ֪ݴأƵԴ֮󣬱ûô
Բεƴ˵ʹ޵ıЩǳ͢Ҫҳ٣ʴ¡
Ȼ򣬡ͷǵбʱġ
ԲͷЦǣƴ˵ΪӺͲЩû뵽ֱȳ͢ҪȻ죬ֱдóȥˡ
ǣ
ǣƴ˵Щ蹦̵ζһӷιάҪȥ޽ˮЩ۵İվж౯ҡ˵ȻᵽӺôҪû֪ν˸Щ̰ĹٴӰϰ⣬ʲôǣǵºôϲΪӭϳ͢ȻҪһӺֹԲٴѧŻ֪ݵĻ
ų˳ǣЩֱӣͷô𣿡
ɲǣ¹ʵȰסֻˡ⣬˵Ϊ깫ӷ֮Ҳ¹ٶ죬ǲ벻ˣ¼¡
Բ˵꣬°ͣǲǻαһύ͢س
ԲڨЦһӢƴ˵Ϊһ֮ػӺ£óû깫̫ܣӷ粻á
ЦܵıȱߵɳĮ֪Ϊˡյһģõøʲôʲô깫Ӻøܸøпʣȱʲô
ǣ£¹ٸˡ
Բһߣ濴һֱڱϳĬ֪Ц¸߰ǿϲɺأкδ𣿡
ͷе㿴
֪鱾ô˵
˵Ϳ߰ɣΪηǵ˵Բ֮ڸҪǺôϲòһ깫ӺҪǰӷ磬Ҳòһɶ˼˵Ų˲һ˼ǸҰܶŸɰ
¾Ǻ»ǻ£
룬Ȼֱʣֻ˵ҳôס
֪ͷЦ׾ͺá
*
깫ε񻪹أۡӺ˵ĪӺա
һ죬İռҲˣҲˣؼԣҪλסɳŹصӢۡ
νеʻӭͣһҲţ֮ݽǻҪּ֡
깫ԵЦοҲмʮˡ
լԺǰѧլӭſڣ֮⣬ӺССĹԱȺ
ѧǰһ깫ԲԱӭӣϽ㽫ˡ
λ̫ˡ깫̧йԱȭ
ԲϽһѪΪ˳߽ݹҵԾ壬Ȿóӭӣֻδֻڴ˹򣬼һ档
ӭʥּҲֻмȴһ¡
깫һ㣬һαȭлλ
ˣϽͶ٣ҵȲ֮ϽλӷϴҪƴǡ
л¡
һ֮Բ¹Ա뿪мλ߽լԺ


120 ˽
, ЩʱмӺ˼򵥵ļ磬ѧӺı仯һһ, 仹Ǻˣ¶޲ڣտʼˣæµ, ȴǷյһꡣ
Ŀ, ɼ൱Ƴ磬֮⡣
ȤӺˮ, Ǵչȭš
أ˶࣬ɲɳǣЩ̵ģʲô¶᲻𾢡г總͡
ѧһ, ɵĿߵϡƣʣˣ𣿡
ҿŹ⡣ϡش, ŸѧĿο͵İ⣬Ϊˡ
δĿ˴˽㽺һ, ѧָɵض˶, ΢΢һŲƺҪһһȭֻ֮֡վ֪ϲԣΪƤбĶˣǲڴ֮ͥ¡
ʱ, ౻ײײ, תͷ, ǮüŪֻۣ΢΢ԶԶ¶ӵѷֵ֡
˸ɲ£һŮӸûûƤļ̣Ѿ͵͵һΪˣǮֻȾƣÿӼвˡ
ѧ񣺡ͷһϡƣ˴
ȿȡһ˶ʱһ죬ԼͬƿߣѲһָŲ
δѩµظв˵г磬װģظпͲһˣǰɣ㣿
гƤЦⲻЦΣʲô취˵ĶŮ鳤ǰɣã
ǳ.ļʣ㻢֮£ǹԹԵطſûΡ
Сĸ඼ǹˣĶ⻰֪úúȾƳԷ
ʱС˪ʣˣϴδæ뿪ûüʣǽܣôˣ
ǰǺʲôϯնûУСʡ
ѧ˳ϯˣ統żһѹĺ̷׷׵꣬״ǵУǶӯ֮ѽѾɷһһնʾڣӴԺ󣬾ûʲôϯһ˵ӵͨ뺣ͨ񻪹⣬˰Ӻĺ̽Կ̣һƽٸһͬʡ
ǽأСʡ
ѧҡͷε֪̽࣬Ŷǰһ⣬ӦñȽ
Ǯ˵ƹ˵ӺӲ׺̶ӣƷ࣬۸ȴ½ˣΪ˻Ӱ쵽Ǯǰջ̶ӡѾûгϯ̰°ⶾǼĵ£ҿ˳صҲѶӺطٷһ̨ףǲǣ裿
Ǯ˵⻰ʱĿͷģ΢Цˮǲһ£µĲƸֻͨŻԽԽࡣ˵깫游֮ǰ񻪹ЩϯᣬҲڿ˿ۺ̣ϢԴ˽ӡ
깫²յǽ񻪹Ϸ£ªϰͲ˳ˡ
˵ףյĴӮһޱ˵꣬еĿⶼ׷裬ݣ
ǺúóԷӵԼֱ֣֮գգ۾΢޹ռ磬̸ܲܲɵˣ
һ䲻ɣ깫˶ˣο
̧ͷƵʣ˵ʲôأ
꣬мӦһˡ깫˵
̫үүҵأʡ
¶ܳջģҲǰΪмҵŮ½ὥؽ¶ϵȨܿգ޿κ֮¡
гͷһھƣû˵
ֻ֪޾˵һѱסĸ׵ĸ첲̫ˣҿԸһˣ
ջĽӷ磬˵һȵС΢֮깫ɢϯ
ŮѾɼңòװСҪ˵Ը档
ݵ˫̥ʣ裬Ǵȥй䣬ȥȥ
ôˣ㻹ȥ𣿡
ʲô˯һ;ˡȻӺŻδȥ񻪹أôŶúú棬˵ء
ӺǲģΪ̶࣬вҹͣ簲ֵַضڸϢΪϳžӹ֡Ϲ˵ãҲʲôˣԺ޹˼ɡ
ʣأ
ǣŹֵһЦȻָ˵϶˯ѽĸȥȥ
΢΢һתֵǽȥɣеۣЪϢͲˡ
ѽúϢ´һȥ档֪岻ã˫̥Ҳ֣ôһѣЦЦˡ
ΪֻдʣϾȥͷڣº󣬿ֱϴޣƵүû˯𣿡
ʱ磬ƽʱʱ趼ῴ飬֣ŻЪ£û뵽Ѿ۾ˡ
˵˯
Ͼ۾
ӱһָͷյһ˯ˣٽ
үָ˭
䴽˵˭
*
ҹСӹ˺£ŵǰͷǵ棬һ
ΣûĿĵأظһһգȻ󲻳صһլӵĺ档⴦լѾֻиѧһסм¶ˣƥױˣֵģȻҲλСү
Сӿ⴦ǽ̲סһѵ£ūˮղλСڣ깫Ҳڣһ֡˴깫ǵýҳ
Żͷʣ˭˵үҪǽˣ
СһΪ⣬ѽ
ϻʲôǽһֱۣ׳˵ôߵǽҲȥĽûص㣬Ǹߣ硣
Сӣǹ򲻵ҡ
ȥɡ˻֡
СɻʣȥĶ
ţȥš
ŶǣȥСӾȼˣȻһϵƣСǽ
ЦЦŵ깫ʲô汻ˣҾ˵Ҫ¸¡
Сӻǲ⣺Ϊɶôżսӷϲܼ𣿡
ӷôˣ˵ɶЩ׻û˼
һСү˯ˣǵø
°ͣɣҸǰ˵ȥϷ˵ţԥԥСӴߴٵĥʲô㣬ŷ𾪶ˡ
С޷ֻõǡ
費Ը⣬Ǿˡһ䡣
СӺɻͷǸСү˵𣿡
˵ˣһȥأʵе䣬ԼĻȣһҲ䣬Ǳ費Ը𴲣ǡҲûǲǣ
˯ҹˣֻϾһΣŷλˡ
۾üһ䣬Ҹ£㡣

꣬𾪶
үŽĴǳŵģСѾ׼ˡ
Ǿ߰ɡ
ʱ֮һֱѭ浸أһǰޣǲݵģϱӵҹĴ꣬ʵڵֵסҹеջ
Ҫ͸Լˣѯʵʱһȥ֡
ҹģ˵ţﶼ
ϾųŵıӰǣһתְܿЦүˣҲ࣬Ȼ뾭ѵǸ¡
ֻԾҹûˣȴˣۡסŵĿɶ佫
Сʤ»˵ϡƸѧҹŨŨ࣬˴˻Ϣ֮´棬˵˵ɬ黰ȻѧȥҪˮ
ϡƵ͵Ӧһš
ȻѧŸ´ſŮ棺С㡣
ѧͷֻϡƵ֪⣬ȥɡ
ѣͷЩ䡣ѧû֣мԶæµҲ֪Ӻ˻ʲôҪ¡ǵѵ˹ȥϡЦŽӹһ££ɢĳ߳ӡ
ѧûãϡƾͻˣϻһݹŹ֡
ôˣ
ȥˡ
ѧԾȵʱ裿û
ϡƿƶˡ⡣
ѧ룬ʣùأ
ù˯ˣ游Ҳ˯ˡֻǲŸ£û˯⡣
˱˴˻һȻѧɤӵȻˡ
Ϊ㣬ҵúúÿСӣȥʲô¡һУɱԣȻǳһȥģҲ֪ǹɵֻܵܵǸ竣
ѧ̾һϴ¡Ȼϡ굽ſڣȵطδѩޱȻҲڣλ
Ǯ˫۷Ź⣬һ²ģֵøС裬棬ҹ˽ᣬе
һߥ޵ģδѩĥĥɫЩ
ޱ˵ߣ׷ȥ˵ɷһȳҹɫ
һĸһģȥֳץ.ûɶ


121 Ϸ
һ, бʯĴƷӺɫһ֣Ķƺ̵¥, ϡ
ź̺˳ӿ, ֵóҹ
, ˡ
, ַ
˵ϷŸʽĵƻûеƣȴҲӡȾһõ, ͬڣһʱֻصϱӹҹеʱ
ԣ, ˵˴Ϸ, 粻ʳ, ߡ
˵ţһ, Ȼһ, ŷֲʻͷ, ɻ, ôˣ
, ҡͷ, ˶࣬°Ū, ⡣
΢΢һЦ, Ť, Ҳѽ
⡭һ̾Ǹ߸˵߽֡
翪ţŮأټӺĺ˶࣬Ǿ͸ɣҹܿŮŮСԵֱСʳһ϶Ц
Щ⣬Ϊʲô˺Ȼôࣿ
ش𣺡Ҳ¸𣬺˵̶һһټϼ붬ܽһˣƷʽ۸ҲȫͣʱŽ˳ҲӵӺССĿջסˣܲ𣿡
˵ϴŲ˼Цп裬ҴӲ֪һ˳ϯȻôá
ЦԴѷɲ˳ḻܹԸ㣬ǻǺ˳ĲβƥȻ߾ţս£ô̶ӾӦﲻ
ںó׻ûôʱóؾĳֻҪúôܳΪһ貵ķ֮ǲŶԡ
Ǻ˳ϯܽкǲɼж֡˵ȻһʣҳʲżΣ
ѷһһĸ˰ȴ㹻ˡ
ǰżң¬ɽк˳ϯ£׬ѽüһЦ
壬֮Щ꣬Ӻõˡ
迴ģʣˣ˰˰ǲӺܶࣿ
ʵͷš
ռȶ٣
ʲô˼
˵óΪУĹ˰˰֮ģռӺ˰ܺ͵ıǶ٣
˺һ˵ģǵԲһʱһ治
ǾʧְӴΪǮµȻġ˵ǰߡ
û뵽ŹֻýܿʣֱЦãȥ裬ͷȥЩʲô
ռȸˣ˰ʵܹˣȥǰδָýϢ編
Ϣ編дְϢǽũ˰ٸϢİջٺܶࡣ
ͷЦգգ۾Ҫôأ٣·ѹСһʱⱩ¶ΧҲС׽ˡ
΢΢˼⣬ȷתͷȡЦ裬ĵϣ·ȴ˭Сġ
ǰڴܵðеף׼ȷͳƻأΪ·չͻأԴ˼ٰյĵִĿǰȻСģЧȴѾ˳ˡ
ȻòСѽֲмһѫ󣬱Ĳ֧֣ں㶯·ԵȴǹգǾһڵģ۷ƽ䷨ʵа꣬δӦžķϢ編ˣҲŪŪҡȻܲ͢ŻŲһǻԲġͷ۾һ䣬ƽȶȹʱһֲΪ
費Ļͷ˵öԣãЩȥȺ·еִ¡
ôЩ̫߰ˣ
ЩʱһԲ⣬ĿģŴСãǼ۷ʵʩ˳ͲϢ編뾡ɼҹĿ࿴
ܹĶ˲ţ²ǣзⷢȵһ졣˵һߵ̯ǰվ̧ժһֻߣԼһȻЦʣ𣿡
ãɫҲȣʤҹŨһ˾ƤһֻƻСꡣ
̯ӿ˿˵Ҹһ
̧һָǾֻӰɡ
ЩʧŲԸΪɶӣ಻磬ôǿ׳ϻࡣ
Ϊϲ¡ѿһһͬŷһ˫ء
һ˲͵֮ǰ㲻ǷǵҪΪϲ
ƻ£ߵֻһ˫۾¶ͷ濴ı飬ֻһһһģÿ䡣
λ߻ҪСү۹ãһˡ̯Ѿڵؽ߸ժЦǺǵصݵǰ
ûӹϲĻǾͻɣֻϻͦʺġ
ûУͦϲֻӰɣˡʱӹȻϣ֮£𴽽ǣ޼ɵЦ
˴߾ߣںͷСӸˣתͷߵĳգҪҪҲһµӡ
ղҪ
ڣƺҲܸŴǣųһ·ǰߣΪ˶࣬Ҳͻأ
ӺɫĺŮ¶ϸɫ˿񳤽ҡҷŴȹȺһţס˺衣
λү濴ɡĵ󵨻ȵš
գգ۾һͷǰϣˡ
һЦǿǽ裬ԳԾƣôͲˣ
ſţųţ§һϵر潫󣬾СԶһ㣬ǵ˵ˣǿϷȥ
ͷЦеʣƺͦġ
ţ
ſţųţ§һˡ
ĵʱһԱתֻֻƻĺЦһĻ
裬Ļ¸ܸɹҴ棬ԽԺáǳ˵
ʵ۵Ļƣĸ׵ԩо˾˵֣֮СŪ.ʹǶ֪߻ʲôŵ鶼ɣΨ鲻뵱Ϊ˽ҵĻ£ŲòֳŮ磬Ǻܿ칷һ˶ҲֻǷ곡Ϸѡ
ԲסЦˣǰǲϷָŴԲʡ
ԣǵˡ
˵꣬һ賶һѣߴٵǿ߰ɣѾˡ
ս󲽸ȥ
ϷԭֻǵϱݣϹ˵õĶȥϷѾӱΪø˿ּˣἼ裬ıݣƽġ
Ӻĳס˿٣ã˱ȻҪʣȥ֮Ҳø˻ƳʶѾҹˣǰԲ˻Ǻܶࡣ
ѵܣһɵߵλˡ
һĿڶеһƣȻڸߴֱֽкõλ㣬ֵĵطôٵǡ
ͣ½Ųɻʣôˣ
ҿ㣬߽ˡ
һʱ˳Ŀ⿴ȥȻһ۾ͿռõλãһҲΧ޼ɵĿλ
ӺٿţɱϾӣƯĹŻҪСһЩοϣа鶼ûо͸Ϸǻ֮ˡ
йĵ׾Ͳš
Աߵ˿鿴ûһǰΣλ˸λãɼѾ˳Թͷˡ
ŻռˣͿŸһĸˣֱӳмҽôչȥһϵĲ⡣
ʲôϷ̣ŲŰС棿Сŵ棬ŵĻװͰ͵ģһ֪ǡ
Աŵһãи˻ĵҡҡͷ
С˵Ҳ̫ˣǷúõ.̡
ٺ١Ӵ
˵С˪ֱһȭͷȥȻһͬǳ˲䲻ܿˡ
ǣⰧЩĲ̣˵أмҵŮˣƵߣ⼸˾Ȼǰ.Ϸ̫
裬Ҳ֪ôˣײӻû
ȥͷ÷ˡͷңǣԶһķȥ
طǱߴҲһСط˻ĿתĶӼ
мҵĹﶼǴС򵽴ģ𣬱ɳŹϵĳǽһһţŻиָڡ
һյĹ򣬼ɷ˾ϺڵϴͷͷСѥӣС˪ذ׶Ȼôܲס棬̰Σ
̣۲ʶ̩ɽ
̧̧֣֡
Ǵˣˡ
濴Ǳߣ룬̧΢΢һУСƨƨߵشչү
֪ͨʿ˴ߣλ̵¡
Сصͷūס
һ¡ʱϵ˵
СүкηԸ
ͳԶЩ˵ţ轫Լϵߴϣֳգգ۾
߿˭СӺͳһ¶ˣһҲϣǡ
СӶʱЦãǡ


122 
پʵϷںҲ, ԭʼգżѭ浸صúܻ֣Źƽк, ľϵǡ
Ӻ, 氮ֵѾ, , , ˷, µϣҲһδƽ, һֱ߸ߵ, òУûĸʱоôҸ
ȫעҲûټϷűߵĽŮ
ĶأǮ۾һŵͷѰ
ߵľǡϴһ΢ƳȴĹү˿ڡ
ޱʣ, ô֪
, ݣ΢΢ǰ˫ֲؿ, ǳ¿µϰߡͬߵλ, ĸߴ, Ե迿ļ, ʱ̬֮, ӦǴеɡ
δѩŵ˵ͷ, е, ѵ÷ô໰
ޱسɷһѣЩÿôϸ
ü¶һ˿ɻ˵ⲻʵ𣿲ûֻۣǵͷ֪ˡ
ϡƻͷʸѧ񣬡أ֪⣿
֮ǰûע⣬ôһ˵ˡƤͯڿʵϷҲԸ߰ߣοӣƫƧλã֮ӡѧ
ΪʲôҪ˷֡ѵǿˣδѩʡ
ǣǶ档
λãΧһһӾܿ
˵⣬ģϡʡ
ޱֱӵôɣǿ϶ġ
δѩͬõ˵趼˯ˣҪ˹գð䣬ҹ
ǣ϶ˣ
ѧ˵Լأ¶軹Ǻġ
䣬ֻϡͼı죡
ԣ㿴ôһˣ
ıߵģ
ѧ죬ҡֻǽ˸ԣѵֻʮ֪ܱ꣬յ
ǮһѣЦǱȻһߵģ൥ŲŲ߶˵ĵͽӻһƭƭˣǰɣʱ򻹽ʲô;ˡ
ѧס졣
δѩͷ˵һʱǲߵģǼȻˣǾȿϷˡ
á
ȻϷһͣһһĽĿۻңʲѣرѹĵɽÿڶֱ۾
ʱȻ˵ˡ
šޱӦһȻĿתؿ·ѵԽԽߣԽԽɽйһģڴؿŵһͬ壬վˡ
һޱûӦҲͳĬȻӵǲܴġ
Ǳ߾Σգվͬļϣ˫ȻſŲʷıһͬſ֣γһ࣡
˲žžž
ҵĹʱеĹڸվͬ߱ΧµҲƣкá
ϷбߺͶڳ룬ЦؾϹ
δѩһߵɷ򣬴һͣ
ϣǮϵӣȫ棬ǵϷųԱһǾϹл
ѹϷֱδޱ˵طҲͦҵģϷÿ
ǰҴûô໨ϡƸ˵
ˣ㣬ãǲˡ
ʲôˣ
ˣδѩ쳤ŲȺ
˿ȥȻѾҲߵˡ
֣Ҳûǳ
˵꣬Ů˻ͷԼɷ
ǮҡͷңҹſϷˣûע⵽
ѧ˵Ӧû߶ãѹϷ;һһۡ
࿴ޱʣ㿴ˣ
˵ͷ
ʲôʱߵģ
һյǰ
ޱԹôң
ĬȻƬ̣˵ѹ㣬˵š
ޱյλ𱸵Ŀ⡣
ޱеί̫ˣ־ģ˭ǵʲô
ˣ
ǵšָָһ۵š
̫ƻˣ
ʱȻһȵ㣬㣬Ľ㣬ǣô
Ǳ˫̥ڷǣɵ߹һǣ̻ЦӴ˫ɶԵ˽ġ
ǰ˫ɶԣĶԣһԡޱ˫ֱأе
Ƶؿ࣬Ľȡˣ
౾ͷƺԣ׼ҡͷ־òԣֻޱԭز֪롣
ޱһۣҲûȡ֣һԣ
˭С˪ʡ
ҹ͵͵ţʹ˳һˣ˵˭һδѩʡ
ԣöʱɴ۾˵꣬һأҲ
ǰˣҲԴôõ߶ûǣǵǷˣޱ˦
ػ٣ô֪ǣųŪ
˵֮ǰʹˣ˵·̫ۣҪЪϢС˪˵ţŻȻԣСӹƭǣ
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̫ɶˣ
ǧԲԼҹɵܵܵĴô϶ͼıն
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ʱѾʱϵ̯࣬Ҳ½ҹʵе㺮Щ᲻÷ȥܹʵ̫٣δΪ
춼ûпҵĹΡ
ô˵ǿأֶ̽ѡ˵΢΢ЩȣĪѾˣ
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ͬζĻȥǲ㸡֮꣬边Ҳ壬ֱڴ˿̵ƻ֮£ŴսƺҲøӺÿȾعԵˡ
ԾŮӣЦػͷ濴˸۹֪ΪΣʶߣֱӿ˵ϣз
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⻹ദС˼ãǵͷѽʲô
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̴ַʣΪʲôֱ
Ϊ뿴˿ʱص㣬һ仰ѡ
ûлشֱϵĲ赹˱ˮݹȥʱݣٸѡһΣϣղڽȺߣ͵͵±㿴ǶˣҰؿ
ûκԥػش𣺡ĶȻ÷ζ
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ͷɻ֪ݣ
ǰǸԣᵽϺ֣éʯͷһֳӲͷﵯء泶˳ǣŶˣҲǸ˵ﱻײѵһ٣ʱ䣬ǷⲻҵӹѾ̯ӵǰˡ裬˵ƾʲôҳǲҵͬһطͬһص㣬ȴп飬Ҳ̫ˡ
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ȻûУǴǳŴ𣿡Ȼ״ҲᣡҲһ
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Ϊսӷ磿
ţˣᵽСС֪ݣǡһ̾û˵ȥ
̯ߺȵɢζ迴ϧ񣬵οһЦȻ󳯱ϲԶһָ߸磬ҪǴԶӡ


123 Ȧ
߸, ˲ӽŵװһ·ֵͷ˿ʲôϧʲôźȫһԶ, ֻ˫۾ӡ
, ʲôӣ
˳ָȥ˲Ȼˡ
һȦС̯, ԶԶذŸС, ʲôľ黨ƿִ, , ֻһһаڷţԽԶԽ, ҲԽֵǮ, ΨһɫִͷС, ȴŵԶ, ҲΨһܿùȥĶ
˿̱վ̯µİߺ, ȦȻͷǴƺòͬʯĥִӡ
һλƯĹվִԶ, ֺţ, мһ, һЩ, , Զԡѽ, ̫ˣ
ôô, ϰٸûУԹǾܳƶ⣬˵ʲô˫ȫǶţİɣ
ȦһԿЦãȻѣȦ̫ᣬҲȥ
üһأ
ӺƢϲΪ̯͸ǡ
ǰãȦǮŶ⴮ˣҪҸȥңܱÿôһͬһĹӸȰ
ʱٲȥõˡ
һȰɫʱŤͷ˵Ҫʲô͸ʲô˵㻰
ӸҲ˲û࿴˳ۣΡ
Ǵոӣʲô£ԵǼǮ𣬼ȻûǱ¾ͱ󻰣ߣ
ȻƯЩԣϼǴֺõġ
˻ͷ裬Ҳϲ
ЦҡͷϲֺÿӣǼֻҪ˶ռ
ԣʱվ˵ͳղ߸磬˵飬Ҳժһ
ӣԹţȥȥӣһУڸһһߵС̵ߵߴչӣ
ͭǮ
СƵҪʲô
泯ϵ̯ŬŬ죬Ȧ
Сһ˲ȻˣȻСүĳЩ׼أеʣūȥ죬ҪȦ
үıµȻһ͹滹δ˵꣬ˮ̧ͷȵؿǾɡ
ϣ
ȻСӲŸתһȵȡ
СӻͷͼССԥһ£յǸүɣж׵ġ
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۾һɣЦү鲻УͶǩǴ龩޵֣ȫ´СȻĺڻû꣬ϵֱӵʮ
裿濴˵ǲѽ
գգ۾жģ͸¡
ͷ˻ںãùСӵȦӣһɵվڰߺ󣬶˫ֳԴЦ֣һȦһ࣬ɵؾ˳ȥһǴϣ
ӣˣСƥû꣬ȴȦڵһҡڣַ˳ȥѽһ㣬һЩСӵ޾Ŀϧ
üͷһЦ֧Դû֡
ɤӵ
͢ͶȻƣһĵطڴŵôԶΪ˲ס̯Ͼվڱϣ˰ʮȦѾ˱û뵽һԩͷ˵վҲ⡣
ڶȦײǰİƿֱˣ߶ûϡ
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ֵ̯ϵĶȤ֮ǰҲûôֻʣȦյóˡ
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һС̯ڨЦүҪСİѱϵŲŲף
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ð첻̵̯Ӹˣүߣ
ˣˣ
λүСľСĲϷŪСǮǮ𣿡
̯żſȥŵϵĶȻЩӸﲻֵǮɶ˵ðһݣһ°ҹ̯Ͱ׷ˡ
˺ҵԼʧӣ˳طһһǹֱüöۡ
ͷӹʣµȦ˵Сƣ϶УۣԸԸҲûʲô˵ġСϷﶼСϷҲټ֣˵ҪǴӣǰЩܲҲèɣ
ûУЩֵǮ
ͼӶѡҲûǵҪӣڳʳδ֮ǰʱˡ
ǳⷢӵ˻˻֣õʲôأҪʧҲͰˣ̯Ӿ͹˰
٣ǮʲôүںǵǮСøײϵĶƭˣǶӣһҪ㣡
Ҫ̣ǻɵһװϰʱ𣿡Ҫǻøˡ
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˵ţӡ
߸磬Ҫ𣿡Ȼһ
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124 
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˿̱øӸ, ĪĶ˲ѿ룬ѵظӺɷ򣬴Ķв˵ģ⻰ˣ
գգ۾, üͷһ壬һ㶼ؽȥ˵˭˵ģǧ֮, ѪˣҲ̫ˣ
ɷµسһ, 浽ġ㡱˵
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ˣ趼ˡݣԹԻˣ㣬߽㣬ô
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йͷ˰֣СӴˡ
ŵƴһӱ˹˸ɵİգ֣Ȧֻ̯ǴǻӸϣȻ˶򷢵ԶԶģΨһûߵ̯̯档
ವĴϣİҪȺġ
ˣǶ̯˼мΪף裬һ
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ģᣡ溰˻ȥ
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ңҲ򡣡˽²͵͵رף˽˵ⲻмСһһǰڰ
ңҪҪݣŮһܽͷ
ΪƷ˽֮ʿ򷢵ԶԶģĻÿ佱Լһȼ֮
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⽣ŵʱ򣬺Ȼǰһһȡ
裡ϡƳɫϵĪҪŪͷˣⲻ˵飬ǣ˶٣Ȼϻۣ͸֪ʲô
㣬֪ĿᶨҲлҪ˵
û࿴˿һż
ûǣ棬ѵ棬µˣôҪҾʹ˻Ӧ𣿡
衭Ǹѧ񶼲޳ɡ
˲Цˣãҡͷ
Ϊʲô
˵ܾңӦҡ
üƽһܾ⣬ɴӦ𣿡
ʱ򷴿Ϊô׵һ£ĵһˣ߷άԼ裬Զϡ
Цƾʲô㣬㣬裬Լ߻ȸһ̫࣬Ҳ˽
ԭˡ΢΢һЦͷ
Ⱥ֮мҽò㶣û뵽ô˵ͬ׼õһԵĽҲɫ
ʱǰһ̧ͷ۾ʣǾ͹ˣȻϣҴӦΪҪļ
԰֪費ãﲻ͵ˣ˵ʲô˵
ŸȻмҽŭĿӣźɣƱ֮ʣ˵壬ʵŭ𣬷ɾ裡
ʶغһȴͺȵӱܣ˵ѽ
ȻһʿˮȻֻ֮УͷİףɵͷôоŸһ𰸣˭ϲ˭Ȼֲˡ
ţ˰ݣһƽȴܵһͷƵˣȻ󱻸СӸס󱳣£˵
ʲôˣղĶȥˣϰСӶ汳ɪɪ
ô˫۾֮£ҧҧһȻ֪ܣĳһ쵱ʱ裬ǡ򴽣续üۣ˵лһ㲻Ҫ;ϲϱˣȵҡ
ϲǸᣬڶԷиõ·ʱܹȫȴҲռУ治ʥˣܹؿһ
ҲԤ֮УЦһԣ¿壬ԸΪѣʵȴ˽ģȨ
شͷ裬Բ𣬿̲ס
ˡһһȻɴת
ľٶȥ˵Ҳ޷赥ദ޽ˡ۽΢΢Щʪ⣬Щɬ׼Ҹطúʧ̬һµʱ򣬺Ȼǰ洫һ
ǾԸɡ
̧ͷ裿
ŴЩ΢΢Ŀǳǳһ䣬Ҳϲˣʱ䡣˵꣬ӣκ֣ˣ㣬㣬Ľ㣬㣬㣬߽㣬Ľ߰ɣ
ﳤȥıӰֻµվԭط·е񽥽䡣
˵ɶδѩ֧һǮ𣬡Һ벻̫ס
Ǯش𣺡Ը
ޱɶԸ
ʱ䡣
ˣʲô˼˶š
˵ϲˡ
ϲ˭
һ䣬תͷɴľ档
ϡʧȥΪ˵سķȣ裡
ѧһæ̧Ȱ򣬷ˡ岻ã𡭡
δ˵꣬Ҳ׷ȥ
ͽλܲ׸Ů˴
٣ٺ١ڻعһϲ̵ѿôЦݣָ̧˹Ժͽ̡
󣺡
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ॸॣॸॣॸॸॸॣॡ
ǺҹǲҲûˡ
žҹһ·ӽͷβȥ任ǳ˾ϲһ߱һΣǰߣ֮ת
ǰǺ²ſڵĴʨӣƸСԶԶ׹ں棬̲ס
С̧סһĹǷ˵Ұô֪ȥʵ¡
һ۲ϳܷɵ棬ĸŶأ£һ¸СЬأ
ǵˣҲңôŰɡС
һ̾˵˵湻ģ۵£ǿλüĽ䲻գ۵ģ¾͸ҳСүļҶµһӺǵñˣ
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СüɵƾŹ꿴ľ飬㲻ӦСү۵Ҳ˼ġȻ˼ˮɲʱ𣿡
ƻȻԭˡ
ô۵²ǿĵ˼Ǿһ˵£ԺСүţĶ£ӴιСͣˡ˵СҲЦ̵ظॡ
ף˵
ǲǷ̫ˣλСүשͷ𣿡


126 ϲ
ͷһ, ҸϲãߵȴŰΧ
һ˻صмңδΧ, ѻΪΧ, ڽһصģ衣
ѽ, ҪҪ˯ˣҵĺýǡһ, Сʤ»飬ȥ𣿡
ʲôʱ, ȵˣôĳ˰ҹ͵͵ţδѩ治Ůк, ˵֮˼ɡ
Ǯ͸ѧһ, һ˲ˮ, һ̧ͷ죬ޱ鵹Ҳʡڸˡ
ޱ˯, ǽÿ˯ˡ
裬ǴӦ𣿡ǮСʡ
ҡͷûӦѽ
ϡƼֱЦ, ûӦ˵, ʱţ
ش𣺡顣
δѩüͷܼӬֲ, 裬㾿ôģ֪֪ôһ˵, ϶Ϊڸ, Ҳ˼
˵ͷ, ûҶ˼
߽ã
󣺡
һŴͣĿģЦеϲѽҪȻôܾǵ룬أ
Ȼôˣ
Ǯ˲䵹һѧ񽫵Ĳˣ˵ãһҲֻ㶵ؿʣϲ
š
ΪʲôѽδѩվЩǸֳӲˣҲǸˣ
Ĳյػش𣺡ûŮӡ
ޱԺ󻹵ûؾȨλô죿
Ȼ˵ҰȨλ¡ڲô
ޱһתͷɷһѣ˵
۾ֱ֣֮챿迴ü룬ûȻ
ޱߴٵ˵仰ʲô
ָ˵ӡ
ޱԶһһӣ׷ʣԣôף׵ȻûӣȻҲûС
ǲ׾ͺˣ

裬㻹Сʱ޷壬ǲаɣѧʵĽǶȰ
ɻطʣڵأ˭ѽ
֪úǮ𣺡
ʱС˪Сʣ裬Ǹʱ͡СĴָ䣬ѵƺ⻹ġ
ô£ڳֻиѧ಻ȻһͣǾͬһ飬𾪡
Ǳᣬʱ뷨Ҿͺúһ취ˣⲻǸԼڿ𣿡
Ǯͬ˵õҲǡ
ѧȴ˵ǸժǳΪñһ⣬ЦһʱܻѵΪΪ񣿺Ҳһ룡
ϡƵͷ֮ˣ˵˺ˣŮ֮䣬ýȢҲһһһ˫ˡ
ҿЩӵܶ檳Ⱥ֦ɢҶġ
ԼҪҲ
ʱ裬ô죿ѵҪ岻ظ𣿡
δѩնǲУ˵ǹùú游ҲԲӦ
ˣӦۻզģǮ̲סʡ
δѩҲػش𣺡ȻǴȣ
˲䣬۾¶֣ѽ
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δѩ˼ѵЩ׵·˾ţҲģοҾ˵˵裬£Ǵ˭Ҳġ
СԣҪ϶Ǹĺ
С˪Ǹô۸㣬Դ
꣺ý֪мҿɲôǵģ
ÿ˵һ仰Ľ㶼ǵͷԱʾ֧֡
Ǯ˳ǣĬĬؿһۣѧȫƫˡͷ̾һ
һŽ˵˼˻
ãҲ̫ƻˣ
ʱ͵͵Ц˵Һ׼Ƶġǵ۾δѩߣ.סֹɵҾ֪ңûӦ
ǡ
Ӧǰ˵һУѣѣѡû˭Ĵֻǰûкˣ˻ʣǽŶۺһ𣿡
ϡü𣿡
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ֱӿλү
ǮʣѵǸ˯
ҡͷ
ѧ˼⣬ƾľ飬˵ĻӦȻϸζô˯ţԣշתߡ
軹ҡͷ
һ˵
Ȼԭλ֪ķӦ
ϴԵЦ
λү⾿˭˭
ѧε裬ҷǶǣԲ˿
Ǯ˹֣׻һһģʰ·硣
һ֮ˣյɵǱһø߾͸ߣõ;͵ͣӲġ
ʣԣڸʲô
顣
ȿȡΧ˷Ŀ
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ΪɶôһǸġ
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ˣ
ͦ׵ġ֪ΪΣмҽһͬˡ
ǻŽշһУиղ˵ĻִͷβλСĵܾܵûʧ̬·һо֮УͲհëȣ̸ЦǶˣתֱϸ˼֡
Ѿ
ˣȻ˵ˣǣذɣҪ˯ˣʱнӷ磬ܳٵ˲Ϳ͡
һ׷ǰθڷźãżʱޱȻͷʣ裬ʵǣûǲͣǲҲô˵Ȼ󳶷ݣ
ޱ˵˵
Ҳػش𣺡Ȼǡ
ô
ǽǵġ
ǣ
˵һ˿ΣҪǽͱʣ󣬰ѹȫͷϣҪھί𣿼Ȼϲҿ϶ѽ
мҽñ⣬ҲΪǡ
̧֣ɫʣ·ͨٻ˼׽ͬ飬ҹ֣ΪȻǰȻδ֮У
΢΢һ
Ȼһдģ͵͵ֻ븮һվɻں档
Կ
ʵҳԲ˿赭ƾûģҶһһϸͷ˿ܣǳš
ˣˣͽλòϰ£޲ժǻ裡
мҽĬߵűߣЦԶлǹģôļˣҲϣܶһЩΣ֪Լʲôòã
мҽñ˴˿˿ϡļЭãùǶô죬ܲ
½˵£·;̫ۣ˵ɲأԾͲҪﵣˡ
Ҫݣû࿴˿ЩΪѡ
Ǳ˵ʵʱһԸ˵ģ𣿡ſ
ðɡ


127 ϯ
֧ԴһԴСһѹ, ĿʵǰӰȥ
ֻһȻִϲﵹˮϧһδ䡣
Ӵ, ūŸ, ūžŲס˯ˡСӸϽ˲ߵĿˮ, æ棬ùūȥˮ
ûƽ, ֻǰ˰֣ȥɡ
СӿĿ, ۾һ, ̲סʣҹŶ, 硭
û˯, û˯ùءָָǰ̯鱾, Ϊ⡣
СЩţһޣ
š
СӾˣʣ, 𣿡
ʲô, Ҿأ˯š濴Լµıʼ, дµļ⣬ֱԺֱ±񣡵Ƚӷ, ҾͿԸ̽, ԲЦ, Ǳ֮
Сӿϵֽʮҳƽʱɷ޲øݱȼֶҲǶ˶ֽϣ̨ϵǿĥƺĥһأֱզ಻ѣСү̫ˣ
Զĸпһ⣬׼ûУֱҲ˯ˣ˷Ƶض飡
£ŵɡȰ
ģү֪ڸʲôүǽҪͬͷϵģŬ𣿡ƳһۣߴٵʲôϽȥ裬һĩβд˺Ϣһýӷʧ񡣰ֿԿˣ
Сζˮ¡
˼Ц½Ŀ磬ŹôҪˮˡ
Сӣѹû˯ҹûǰҲ˯
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Ȼµø÷ܹ⣬΢һЩҲ޷岻ãո·˯Щ£ǡµʲô
ѲɳŹأиˣ
гΪ㣬ܲشŮ߽˫̥Ժӡ
깫δɣ⴦լӲѻӵжԺӣδȴСͬסһԺӣ˫̥꼷һĸ׵ʾ£ɤӺ̡̡̡̫ɹƨඣٲ𴲣󽫾Ҫź򡪡
̡̡̡
һǰŲԼͬش򿪣ήҲԴͬ˯죬ŹǷ񲻼á
гüʲôʱˣû
ҡҡͷ¶࣬㣬Ҹ¡
˯гˣʲôʱģ꣬С˪СҽѵǣǵӺҲ˷ԼǾˣ
Сظͣǣ
㣬û衭
ôˣ
˫̥˴˿һۣ뵽ĳŵû˵ȥĵͽ죬˯һɣкðɣ㡣
˵꣬һأ»شȥˡ
ˣҲ治׼ţȴгһסſ򣬡ô£
Ҳ֪㣬Ϊңʶ㣬㣬Ľȥɡ˵꣬Ҳš
ĸŮ⻥࿴һۣһ⡣
г޷ֻúʱнӷ硣
о̼켸ҹ˯վɾ񣬵ǾĶǵһϣȴᣬڴ϶תշ࣬ߣʱһ˾ۼ깫Ժ׼ǰ
ʱѾһͬ깫˵½ĽŲ˵ش˸кǣǣ硣
ͣʲôٲĽӷ綼ôˣ깫̲סüϵϳ˲á
Ǯžȵ裬ɵƣ裬㿴ŵͦо񡣡
ЦŻش𣺡һҹΣǱ̫ˡ
һһۣԺĪҪˡ
ǣ̻塣
ݸһӲĸڡ
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С˪˵˭أҪ水˵ǵùҲû˯
󡣡ۣܳɾʹ¡
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һ˲ؿ裬ۺԹǮֹ̧˹
̹ȻܣǮȵôĺȦ
мŮ˯ţү˯ţ취οͷĻ
Ǯһ飬ˮʹʣи
ݶδѩһۣδѩҲǣԺеʱ䣬ڶ𡣡
˿ûЦֻͬ顣
δѩµѩô£뵽ԵǮ𣬡ӻ𣿡ŵҡͷ
Źɶ£ʵһʵ̫ˣǵٲɣ
˵ǵĿֲɵݣΪ˺òž۵мңΪӣǱ˵˰ɡ
һм±ţǰ
ʥּ깫ײ뿪ɳŹأԵôһӺǴССĹԱ׷׸Ľӷ磬һô󽫾ķɣȻΨλ֪ݲмһˣҲû˰¡
ϯϣһɷ깫ѡ
Ǯ˲ɵصѯʣҾ´ˣ⾫棬ǽ㣬Цء
ѧۣûҶƣͬǮĻ
ֵ֣û˯
ô֪
ش𣺡Ŀ棬۵׷죬۰Ѫ˿ҹ֢֮
ΧöʱȻδѩʣݹģҲ̫û˰ɣ
ʱޱ֪
ţǶֻޱĵؿߵ˵ҹĸܿСصʱ򣬰飬ȳ׶˷ܡ
ࣺ
Χ˲Ц
ȿȡǰͷ깫ϵɨʱһ
ʱˬʵϯ𣬡ھ֮ʱ깫Ӣ֮Ҵ˳֮룬ūŷɥ֮ӢۣʵΪڱлͷӺһ⣬ȴðҵмλ֧֣󸮹ӳıߣתΣΪֵ깫ɱԲʵڸм
꿡ʣϿң̹̹˺øʮ㡣
깫Ц¿ˣǷ֮£
֮²֮£깫һƱ
깫æžҡͷ£ϷŶԡĻм˾ơ
ûãֻ̧̧˵깫ǱӺոм
£ԲȹԱҲٱǣ깫ܴһ񡣡
ˣ깫ҲͲƴˣϷ룬λ롣
ݿҪ£衣
ϵЦŴ棺˷ģŹԸСү岻ʣΪ׼ĲǾƣӺɫ֭һľζˡ
һڣĸգգ۾ģúȡ
ݷȻŴλ̸Ц΢΢ӣС¶չ˵ˡ
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ƨĵǡۼ游һˣ仨Ƶġδѩϡ͵͵ҧ䡣
ǫѷˣ˭ϲ
佱߽ã깫ˡ
¹ˣϷô˵ţ깫ƺȵüΪ졣
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һмҳ깫⣬׷׳ĬԶԡң
깫ЦԸ٣ԣᷳգ£븮ǡ
깫ô˵ˡ
˵ˡ
پһ飡
ã롣
мˣòҪ
ݻعͷ裬޹׻ѣȥ
ģ
ţҲȥһġ
ݵһֻۣƳԾƣޱȡ
һٽӷ磬мˣÿһǴ˶˶顣
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ã˾ʹһˡ
ڣðݸӡǮţֻͣһԡ
δѩһھ¶ǣ˵ں֪游֪ն֮󣬻ʲô顣
УǷǵֳɡ
ɱŵĴ
˵ⶼʲô£


128 
ϯδʱ̲ɢ, Խ깫͵ſڣ軹̣ͽ, 깫¡
깫ڰ, ޷, õ֮, ʹǡ
л깫˵ԷЩ΢깫ҪСڡ
Сں˸һ, һͷ, Ǯ, ɵЦŹ֣ǮƹҪӼң
ѯ̸, ̹
˵޷
Ǯʣ翴˼ҳ飿
Сһѿڶ, ô֪
Ǯ𣺡濴ȥˡ
ɵػͷ˿, мҽöߣǶ˶˵迼, Թһ£ɶʱ˯ģžͷ
Сһ, ˣû˯Ҽү˵ˣΪСү, ƴˡҡͷ̾Ϣ, ̲סԹ, ͬӼҸŰһ, ۾ڵӴջǿžͷء
Ǯ̧̧֣ڨЦлȻĬĬ¡
緢ߵĵЦ裬̲סԵŽĽģ߸˿һʵء֣ſָȻһ£ָơ
*
Ķûȥ䣬үվģһůѹֵϰܹһ
˾˾ůɹݣԱһģڣٽ꣬͵ŷӡ¡
˵ϦϷԸ԰
԰ˣͬ˵޵ۼ澡滨ݣϡޣɽȪ֮ˮȴů紺νϹڣ
ģǿлʶʶˣμʢᡣ
˷׷Цʱʣ֮ǰΪ˹飬òͣȴֵ֪ûӣ
ˣ٣ֻҪϿģ͵ˣߣչ泯͢£˶ӣ޸԰ҲӦõġ
ɲǣ˵ϦҪ۹ͣ˾˾ɲ׹˵һء
һ˵˵۾׷ˡ
ٺ٣
ùٻ⣬˲Ц
Ц֮󣬱˴ֵܲҪҪǶܲܽһ
Ͼӳ꣬µСӲǸޣӤҪôĸ岻ԡȻȥӺǸ㣬ⱲҲֻܶǶˡ˳˵
⻰ɾΣˡϵͬѵ
Ҳңλɣ֮֮޴վ𢲻ҵǷӦ´㣿
һ䣬Χ׷˼ʣĪǶд֮⣿
ǹԱ˲ƷЦ
ˣǿɵúúúϼƺϼˡ
ǰ
ʱȻһλǺ¡
ˣ׷׻ͷæ񣬡ϡ
а˰֣ЦλƷ裬˾˾Ī̫ƽ£
ϴЦ۵ȴЦ⣬ùԱз׹ٲ͵ϼ£ҵҲմһæ͵аˡ
ǰۣ۾ᣬһϴˡ
ĹԱ׷׸͡
еĿЩµĹƤӣԼ׵ĲյϿûвǣЦǱĲɣλ¡
ҵȲ

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а˰֣λǫˣпİ˳벻λŬΪ󳼣ӦáֻǡڳԱ
ϵ˵޷
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ڹԱţ࿴˿ȻЦϷģԵ
ǾͰλˣһ־֮սҪɹֻǰڶˡ
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ʣʲôʱ£

еͷҹڸֵ
ԭˡ
վȻˣپͲλ£һ
ϡ
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ʲôˣȫϲŹ꣬϶˽˶ĺ£˭Σ
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Ҳ֪֪ʲôԵģЩң
֮
һһͽ¸ҹˡ
г첽߳˾˾ϵͿʵˣȥĶ

֪лģڻϯЦŴֵڸΪΪ㡾ְذ󣬶ȻǶˣˣϲˣ
¹ټ¡Ҳƴǣ񣬾Զ
ǰգ԰깤ٴΪ⣬žƱ
˵ɸΪ֮ǵ¶֧֣Ҳ޷԰޺ã
ǫѷһЦ˰˵ǻϲɺء˵ſһδУ΢Цһ»á
֪ȴֻûơ
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ƣǫѷʵȲ˵һ˫۾ضС
һ뷨һ̾ˮڣȴȻζջǽƱ£˵´ӵʱ飿
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ǣ˵˼ƺʣ
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ǲ֪֮𣿡
ݡ˾һȻҺθɣǵطЩ񶼰ȥ
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زԡ
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129 Ϧ
Ϧ֮ҹ, Ӻ⣬ƥӱĵؼ۶ת۱ٽ¡
磡¶ɳԶĳŸ󺰡
ߵ۾, ʣ, 㿴˰, Ķˣ
˼ǣ˭罫
֮ǰҹ͵͵ڱ￴ִء
Ů, ûпޱӣЦҹһ˿ů⡣
ȥǵİɣС, ᣡ¶ɰһ, ʲôһһôūǻؼ޽Ůȥɣ˵˫һǣ缲۵˳ȥ
ĻȣŰĿضųŹµӰǴЦ۾ǰ, Ҿ֪ڣ
гޣһԶĴɤţô֪
һҡ¶ŵ˵
гƳһ۵СͷǴ, Ҳô㡣
ķǵĻ, ¶Ҳ, , ۹Ůûۡ˵Լ
ġг˵꣬תͷܡ
㲻⣬ȥҲа磡¶ɸϽԼ죬׷ȥϱˡ
*
󣬿ûУ
żǰ˫ԴŸŵķҡҡͷûӴ
ӦˣȽͷ䡣
֣Ķҹܰ˵ֽŸһ֧Ųס˶ЩĽš
ֻתһ̤żȴ˸˵棺СС㣬Сʹүˣ
Ը˵ѾӾſȥһЦеڳ¶ɵĲϣĶˡ
磬Ҽҹ࣬ǲǳˣ
˦Žŵھͱȵߡ
ˣ£ǸϽȥ͵ˡг˵Žӳ¶ɵĲϷǣŮ߽ڡ
¶ɽŵʱ򻹸пһⶼˣۼûкúһͬϦԲ
гͣͣŲͷǣָɲǣԲҲûˡ
һż˶˰ͷȻæµšСҹ¶ɲڣȻûаɣŲϦҹӦ
мҽһΧȹŻ˫õϣʲôģһƾرйա
򡣡
ѽ
ãͽˡ

µúͬк
Уţȼ游¶һ߽磬һߴкȥֱһˡ
½þòֵ̧ۣرеغһ
¶ɼһߵг磬æʣôģ
г翴˿ѾԼ֮͵棬ûػش𣺡Ƥ
ùûϳȥ¶ڴݣֻλһһûһڵغȲ裬ɫǸ˻ǲˡ
ϦҹûЦӦþǲ˵İɡ
гɫӵ游ӭ˭ϣҪ
¶˵Ƿˣͷͽ游Ĺ͵ĸϳȥǻ塣
£þòε
ЦеףæȺ档˵תͷ裬ٵˮеɡ
á
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깫ص˵ͷͺãɳŹΣӪ
Ӫҵĸ죬ȵ֮һٸϻȥ
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һһȻڱ߹Ҳһνһα޿κ֮¡
ӪǶԸū½ǸģҪҲȴһū˵㣬ֵס
Χŷ׷׵ͷ軥࿴һۣһͬ˼ƽϣ߹ȹ̣ڲܴչ
ȻȥæŰɣɵúúóһԲ깫
ǡ
мҵļѵӵҪһŮɼҵŮţ깫ӵҲԽԽˣҹĵҲʧȥ˶ֵ£۲Ϊɴ깫һԺȲ迴ˣأ깫תӺܶҵҲøתƣ˵ɡ
¶ɺгļ룬ӵǰ׼ٶ˲ӿ˲١
濴þһ˫զضһԵ裬һ
ǿɲͷԲġͷ϶ˣû
˿ˣ裬ٵһˮ㿴ǬŲƣʮƣ˵꣬˫ֲУ棬ַƺͦģ
ˣһʣεĻĿˣ
һ棬һƵô֪
ʽȡһӱûСü뵱Ҳǲ¿ӹ֮ˣˣ
һǸҲ㿴Ҫӷǵõǰ
һ۵С۾˵ɣСүūԩԸϴԵģ
Сǲƭˣôֻ˳˦桭ЦЦ̧ĨһڨЦǸҲû飬ʷѾһˣŷɷɣ֣飬衭
һĨӢ϶ʱ.ױһ͵ģ֪޾һЦ˳
ЦˣӣǲˣɫŨīһ£ӻ
Ӷϡƺ͸ѧҲ̿δЦֻܵͷŪԼӣֻԻʵڶԵֻ֮ʣͬ顣
ٹȥЩδѩǮͲˣֱӹЦŰϵޱҲһŹ֣ĵؿ佱һ䣺˼
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治һĲݣʹıŭҲֱߣԴһܣ˽Թ
ݶһڵȻûʲôӡУɵСôͷεضԴ
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衭Թؿ֮һۡ
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ǵ롭ܹͶϣȻԡһɵֵ֣˫̥ʧЦ
ȻڶݣͶϡˣȻƳһߣؿڷƣҪöģ
֮󣬵ˡ
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гޱ˵ڷŷݡ
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ˣָǷ𣿡
¶ĥ仰Ȼʣѵָ
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ʱǳԿ˵ģǣʮҲĶ֡ȻҲǡ
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130 
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㣿ƳƳǰ˲Ҳ̶õĶ, ʵһһʲô
ѽ
Χ˹, ʣôô֣
ÿ궼ӣм¶Ѿһ˫֣һĶģ, ǸѧǮҲĹȥ, ͺĶ˼, ¸ߣٿ, ١
ˣ״ġЩ, ƣֻ䣬裬񡭡
ֻû˵, С͹Źֵ, ǲ̫Щ
ǰ, ԴˣĿ
ˣѵǿƶǣ
Ǹڵˣǲǽ
ͣͣͣǸأǮܲˣǣŪԵģ¹ɶ
룿
棺ಡ裬˫ȫڻ¡
ѧ񣺡Ҳԡ
ࣺҲ롣
潫Ψһϣ衣
΢΢һЦ˵֪Ϊʲôô𣿡
Ϊû˳ԣĬȻ
ڲļ򣬽ָϵ۲ߣϴɾ֣¹С
濴֮仹ƤӺʣ𣿡
ش߽üϹүУǰǰ
ʱˣһͷһǱ˼ͭǮ
ѽˡָСõöͭǮЦе˵˭Ե˭иףô֪ϰף
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깫վѵЦغһʮ㣬мҾݣҲǾü𣡡
ǣӦš
ѾһյԺڷһѲ缱оһϼ׵һ㣬ɫĻһڴܳҵĻ磬һ㣬ɢ˶ҹϦȻů
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깫ȻƽкãУصþ°ȻʣǷһ˼Ҷټ
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ġ
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ζô
óԣĺóԡʮ꣬ʵˣЩأ
ɢˣɴ൱ඣ˵ζ˲١
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ѧҭţȻ߽ȴЦ
ճϦмԲϸףһ룬飡ڻӡ£깫棬Ϊ
!
ߺһͬײҾΪ죬ĳ徢һ·˳֫ٺ£ֱ֮ͷ
죡һһڣʵ裬ȵɶ
С˾˸һ֭ӴΪһСҪһ
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ӴȻ˽һʱ߶˹ȥֻſ죬³һӲ񣬡ٺ٣ҵײˣ
һҪ˰ɡϵޱø첲֧֧
öͭǮЦЦ˵׼Ӵ
ףӦûŶԣ죬˭Եˣ
ϷԵˣ깫ͭǮǳˣһ˭
عͷÿ¶Ź֣³һöͭǮ
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ͭǮ÷һ꣬˲Żš
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衣
ţ
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δ֮΢΢һд
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131 ɾ
, ̻ը죬ʢᣬĺһꡣ
ٹٴ̾, ĿϾӵĴǰЦ̵Ĺһ·ŴɽȪ, ̨߽԰ͥԺ
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֮Ҳ˰ɡ
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ûӣ
ˣôʲôֲǻġ
ǰ, ĸ, Ҳһඡ
Ϧʢ, ɼ, , ٹٴڸԵĵ״, ϵıҲһƬɺ֡
ֱ;ǰŽ, ԱǲŷҵĹһѰ˸, , 밲棬γ֮ʿ֮١
дģĿɨһĸڹԱ׷׺Цͷʾѳأ׼׵
ϵЦһʤȯյӣ˿˳δ٣ΧһۣɵڵŽǹ飬죿
ƺ͵Σ
գΪֻǸпܺôֱʣһ˿ɾܲסѽ
ǣ⣬ϲӵ̻һգֻҪʸˣ½ʳҲԹ޻ڡƤЦⲻЦȶ֣˸ʺ֮ǣԼ
һ⻰ƫˣ֮ߣֻûãøʧ°ʧֶѡ
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ԾȵϢͨҲ֪ѡ˵Ҳ̫ļˣĿ棬ܿ˭Ϊ¡
⸱òȻģ¶Ӷα
ҲνһЦӦԤ֮УˣҪﲻˡ
һߣ˵䣬֪˭˵Σ
·ģһ׵
ŶӭеıӰһЦ
ʱϼݵ
ӹ֮Уڶɶ𣬽ɽӵ˳ûлʺ󣬿ȴǷ֮Уһ֮ңɶȻߵ˳ߣʢװУһ˲ʴۺĸ֮С
ˣȴ󺰵ӭۣӭĸ
ٹһ㶣һͬظߺӭۣӭĸꡣ
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лۡ
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ٹ˽˵ʵһ˿ɵĴﲻҲ;ѫ֧ţлƷӡĸף˭ǸǶһóôҲõֵֵá
Ȼǰ¶ӣǰһʣûܵĲΪһɾԸΪǽѣͬһϲ¡
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治ǳ˶ġƨ磬˳ֱ壬ʹǶǰᶼסȵĿ⡣
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ɶ˾٣䲻һǮһȴһİһеĽڣǱɾˡ
ûհҵΪ΢ݣʲôԣ
ã˵úãģ˳۵ϣζʾĸˣˣͶƽǧʮ
ʹͲڹأڱȾЩ¡ʾŵ߲̬ͬȡ
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⻰˵ĺмɣҲû˵˭·ֻΪ˳͢ǡ
ʷѧʿѸߣڸϳĳһ˵볯ʮظջؾõУΪ׸Ҳߡ
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ʱʲôǫ鲻ǫģΪĲһ仰
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ʿһ˲ţԿΡ
ϣ۳ݣΪΪϡ

Ϊ糯٣˽¹ʶ˳׼µĹԱ඼һһ׵ġ
ȻٷɣȻ֮ǽ
Цѡ;ܣΪۣ
Ҫ˵ܣЦѳΪı˽̫ƽ˰ʲôʲôҿ
ôĵӣڮٵӣշ
ô˵·һԹص˶飡Ȱһ꣬·߰Ե
Щһ֮ʣ֤أ
Ҫʲô֤ݣطٵ͵ˣ÷ӡҪȥһ
˵׾û֤ݣݺ
ҿˣ

㳳һ䣬Ҳһ䣬ʱúһɾ˷г·𶼱ӹ
˳֧ԴСԪһһڵιƣƺ²Ҳûֹ˼ǲµȴΧľ
ճϦ磬ٺõҲûˡ
ʹ̸ʹһɫ˼Ƭ̺ȻˣλĪҪճϦ̸ֻ£̸£ͣЩɡ
֮أѵ𣿡
ЦЦֻ֪ʸ˱ʲôҪֶԴ־ڱصãǵܵҲ޻˵˵ţ˳ʣ־ӳ֮²ż汸ȺƾΪ̫ӣ븸ʶ׼


132 ī
һ, ϯ˲䰲˭⾰Ȼôˣžټ
ôһ˵, ֮ǰԵĴҲڲԣеžƾٶôҲǰٹӵ, 顣û, Ƕ˾ʹ̶ˡ
һ˲һˣǸ˵ģǲ֪Ϊ־ĵĸо, ɵ߻̧еľƱЦž˾еĲ, δڲء
ֱĿ˳ۣǱ̹ǣ׹, ҲڴˣȻ׾⣬ҪڻϿ
׼ʱʱ׸֮λгеϣϳԡ
һҪ, Ǵ˿, ȴͬһ, ɵͼ, ϣ, ȴؿһУﰵһƥ
ϡˣ䲻ӵ𣿡˳۲䲻ȵʡ
ֵϣֶֻ֧Ϊ²ŶнӴ΢ΪտʼԳΪ֮°֣޶֮أΪΪ֮òߣԣ̫ӻΪʱ硣
˳ζڳԣλͬ⣿
˿֮ǰߵĹԱƺҲķΧԥҪҪ֧֣ĿⲻԼͬõһָʾ
Ȼ˳ȴӣöҶϦҹͷ߳亹
ڴʱһһкµʿԶҴиߺ·ʿ׷׸·һֱǰϥسŷϣݰա֪ɱѹ
ա
Ϣ˾Լġ
ǰڸĺƽͷݱļȴ˹νʮ㡣
ҡ
غǷݼһϸ˿̲ͷ򣬾Ǳ⣬޲õʹȥ
ѹˣΪʲôȴʱ򴫹
һ˾Цſ
Ͼֻ죬ԾеȨȫڱͱôһ
˳ۺܿͽݼˣȻЦ϶ŵ̫ӣҲðƨɸ޲ɾɣ
ʡŵҲס߳ϯλȻͨһ֪֪
䣡
ڣ
˵Ϣ編ô£˳ûٹֱܶӽǷݼеĽ£ʣ˾˾ڸʲô
ԭ˾˾Աŵɫһ߳ϵļᵧȥĻңȻ˶ߣ˵иʶԸǰݣƽϢ¡
˳ۺ˵׼ˣã䣬ҲͲûˡ
еĶͷĵϣ
˳۽ſΧĴ󳼣ҪǵǧһһϦҲǹε̫ƽ˴ΪΪ壬б˽ңѹգ޾۾ŷصĶ
֮ǰ˵ĻжƯھжЦ
񸸻ʽ̻塭
˳۴˿̵һһɨȺΪƣúõҪһɾʢ磬ôˡСٴ˳һء
ȻδĺҹǿͻȻһ⣬һϢƽ֮󣬰صĺȻը޴貵̻βɢ£
̻֮󣬸ɫĹգУԺҹΪĻըһѤ÷̻ʢ硣
عֺ˳۵ĿҲ˵ԭµ¸ֳ˾ȣͷ̻̾ʹŶӿ϶ص˵ͷ΢ǣԵòѡ
ѾĻ£٣ǵ㾵ˮµĹƵֻҰĲȴֶ׾ӡ
˵Žɽ𢣬ʵ£Ҫ̫֮λַΪ³ˡ뵽Ŀⲻ˳ߵ̫ϡ
ִ̫࣬ǿǽӡ̫ĵλһ꣬Ϊź˻ʵۣԪܲ¹Ĵ̫࣬һٳΪ˰ͽĶغüɵȻмɲòϣֻҪ˵ģ̫֮λֿɵãûͲҪˡ
һѾҶԵĶвɵظлλĳȫжĳУҹ͸Źʡ
ں貵̻ӽβǴ²ջ֮ʱĬȻӺҵ쳹·Ҫ˵Ķһ鸡ڿУ
˳۾ȻĿ𽥱û˷ܣƺƵļȻʱһꡪ
檹ϲϸ죬ʹ;ľΧ׷ʶӶععάꡪ
ãããһ֣ν˳ۼֵ쾡£ΪǴɣΪӣյ׼񼣣Ϧ֮ҹνǶߵ
žߴĽҲػ
˳˲뵽ӴСĿɰ֮ԽԽ˳ۡԴӶѳһֱԼӵ⺢ȴԹԣ˳ͻȻֲ˼
һҪ̫֮λô
˼Ƭ̣Тмӣ͵¡
һ⻰ǻʹǾжʱͬ޹һ㣬ڸ·еֶԶȥ۾ŵ棬ֻǿɼ֡
Ϊ˼µĶٹһڵϣֽսµϣŤЦ
ĺ£ѵΪûкһж˵̫ˣ
شˣΪ
ҲƲס¶Цǡ
¡¡һ촫
Ц˲ϣ̧ͷԴ֮أɴ۾
˳۷̫ӵּ⻹δ˵꣬ǲԶŻȪ˹ɽ
̳𣬻ŵζɾʵֻʣ¸̶һƬǽ壡
̮ɽ£Ļˮþ
Ѿ˲˳۵ɫҴҵرܹȥȻԵһסΣգ

ţһѽƿ
Ѿ˽£ʯǸλãһо̮ɽ»ΪУ
ģ֪Ϊʲôƫƫʱ
ڵվޱ飬žƵģһ
òλã˭Ҳõ
Ȼ˴һ磬סڱǣףʲôζôô
оʲôˡδ˵꣬
˳۵ɫѾѿݣŭıԵȥ
ǡغνͳ̴һ˹ȥ
ѱȼյͬһ㣬̻жѤã˿̵ϵĻжҰףǻŸζֹɭɭ
һغˣ¶Ϊѵؿһۻʹϣзһʬ塣
һ󳼷׷¶֮ɫ֮˽
ôʬ壿
˭ģ
˭ҪɽǸȪõģиˡ
Ϧ֮ҹҲ̫ˡ

˳۴˿ɢϢ˵սľʹ˵ϣһ˴԰Ŷͷβͷһһľ԰ѹصģΪûϾˣΪˣ켸ҹۡɽҪͷʬţ͸óôڽҹͻȻ֣˱ģ죡Ŷһ
֮ǰжˣھж֣̿ʧǵľҲڵϣ̫֮λǲҪˣʬ¾Բ¡
ŭĿ⿴ĬĬԵĶѧ֮ǰ飬ͬһЦ
ʱһͷþʧȥǣֱָŶ֣£ʧڸʣܵܺθɣΪݺң
һڳ׷ʵҲ뷨
ҹһһƷīϷ¥.̻֮У⽣ӰͬСһ㡣
µ񣬶Ѿûκε뷨̹Ȼָ𣬲ʧЦҡͷ
⻰Ҿˣ԰һֱ˾֣ɾҲã̻ҲգΪҲǵһμȲѡ֮ǰģй¶˾ϲε֪ΰŴ£
ٺãҲĶĿͨȭͷó졣
䲻ȵػش𣺡˴˱˴ˣµָˣúòɽΪͻȻˣʬӺζǹСͷ˰ɡ
ҿ϶ǶĹ㡭
Ŷʹҡҡͷû֤ݵ޶ָֻûʵΪȡ֣ŭ
߷ߵر졣
νˮתˡ
ʱ˻ˣͳֵ̧ϣְںɽ˲ѿڣûΪ˶ĺۼɽƺɵŵġ
𣿡
˷׷׾ȡ
ûѽ
ԣղ̻죬ףȷеضɽҡ֮УĪǡ
ܣ󺰣̻ôܽһɽˣ
˳üͷһ壬ȴͳΪȪˮְɽһڿյģȣǺп
ʬأʡ

ڴʱȻǷ֮´һУҵˣ
˵ţһɱϥ˳۵ǰ˫ֳһĹߡ
ƺǸҪ˵ȴȻסˡ
ЦЦؿȥôˣƺϵá
˳ۿƺǸӡ
ʲôд󳼲⡣
˽͵ɽõġ
ԭˣʬǡ
ȻǸ
Ȼд󳼻Ȼ֪ˣ⹤֪ôģɽ棬ɽúõģҲû£˾˳ˮƮˡ
ζ
䣬Ͳ׸ãδǰԡҲңԶȻûз֣ڡ
µľͲ˵ˣһȻ򣬿Ŀͬ飬һǻ˼ͷһգŭʵۡ
Һûδԡ֮
˵Ȫ붼˶ġ
˳һ뵽Ǹ棬зŻڵĸһ㣬ҲԸȥһ˦Ӿʹȥ
عغߺһ죬ݸϣ
ԪȻҲ˳뿪ֻͷɽ֮⣬ƯĿ԰Ų£ŷ죬ź춳ֱµĹŮֻһĿЦá


133 
ǵĳϦȴǽճ, Ӻ깫ϦҹȴǰѾԻ֣һֱվ, ٽɢ˳
мҵŮͻδ, ǧ, ΢, ǼжȴǶסˡ
ӵ, Ҳظ·кСţ֪һڸҪġ
깫ҡҡλε, ̲סҪһͬ, ͷеġ
ݿһۣû˵
СӵĲӣû, ꡭ´, ң, ʱ, ۣһ꣬һأ
깫Ц, , һΪ
̧һָ, ˸ãһԣΪ
£ŵ㣬ūҪˡСֺϧһ⣬ʵڿһ˸档
ڳΨһµˣҲֻг¶ɣȥֱӷо̳Снӹ棬ŹСĶöɡ
࣬л½Сһ
гʣôȥҪҪһ̣
СӵѾԸͳӦ˿Ӧþſˡ
Ǿͺã깫Ҳ泯깫˹֣游ȥ
ȥɡ
ȵȡȻһ
ʲô£
ɻؿ治ٺٺٹЦֻ˰̳ӵľƣ裬̳ӡҲҴϰɡ
ͷˣȣСţ̲סզࡣ
Ĵָúȣ㡣
⻰깫ΪˣҲ߽Ҳ¶Цݡ
ʶЩƿǰģ£г˵һ̳ƹСæǰס
мȫɵ̧㱧˱ȭңˣλ
ȻСԣѾһ깫ſڣˣǰӳ¶нӹ棬һӹ˾̳
衣¶ɿһۣߵȽȥɣһе㻰Ҫ޽˵
¶ɿһۣ͵棬˵Уͷ䣬ꡣ
á
¶ɽ˸ţֵʣСүҪ˵ʲô
Ϧ֣󼪣
˵ô֣صӣΪҪҪԸĵġ
Цʣģ޽ϣʲô飿
ûûСæҡͷҲȭЦСү´
ʱ迴棬װأ
ƼһᣬֻЦվֱ壬辪ô֪װģɺüˣ¯࣬ûһó
¡
Ҳ²š
һЦ򵥣һôȥꣿƷ軹ƽ
裬˵Դզģ佱һ䣬Ȼ裬᲻õǡҪûĻˡ
ͷ幧ףƽƽ³ɣ
ãҼˣҲһ裬念̩󼪴꿼ţ
˵ת迴ıӰȻһ䣬£𣿡
Ųһ٣̻عͷģҵһιůĳϦ裬ļ˺ܺãϲлл㣡
ſڹϲĺճ谵Ĺ⣬ɿеĽ֪Ĳߡ
ܼªĳϦҹûи裬ûйάûʮɫ̻Ի͵ᣬû涷ޣʾ֭ĺ񣬸ûжթαЦݡһΧһһͬӣС˺Ⱦˣȭ֣ҹĺ䶼ɢˣֻʣһŷĿЦһŻȵġ
У֪ů¯ϣϲãſµҲɵЦ
δ²Ҳɡ
岻ֻһ𣿡˵֪Ķ棬ҹ磬Ҵ깫˳һ̳ƣر㣬ү΢һ㡣
ûһţ֪ŵϵľζ
ûأ΢мҴڻ˵ĻزˡСȡСƱֽ̳ľƵУ¯£ȻƱ
µһ꣬л岻벻档
ֳһˣ£ף˳죬Цճ
Ǵ룬СɵľƱһһģһζ
þơ
˼Сˣƺһֻˣɽֺ̫һˣû˼į֡
ʱ֪Զ뾩ǣҹϦʢ޷룬֪ǿϧأ
Ҳȥû˰ǵ۾ȻˣӣŶأȻ˭ҲꡣһڣȻЦĵУûңҲͣȥ
Ȼڼʲôö;Լҩɾȡ
԰ôƯĹ⶷ޣʵڿϧȻ̨Ǿ͸˼ˣϧҿšֻ¶ӵЦ
֪¾Ʊ˼ʵȻɶ񣬿ǵ²ڸǰµıʹˣ̫ƽƽ档
û£壬ĺ׷һ
֪ԺʣŶ¼ʲô
һڿ϶öǺöҵһܸˣȻŹӡ
Խô˵֪϶˳յʱԽŭʱе㲻֪ˡ
壬ôˣ
֪Ϊѵ˵ɡܵס
Ҹ׼˸ǧˡ
֪һˣԶӺ¶Իʵ񣬿Ҳ˼ɣرڶ;Ѿ˼һЦʱһ͹ȥӺˣñȥ⡣
ǰϷŪģر󣬿ϧˡ
֪ʱ˿ƽƽҲкôٲ
Ұ˿ǰճ͹ȥ
Һ֪ûȾƣȻһڱȻҪ
զһһէġ
֪Ц£׷𣿡
զ׷ȻһϦҹӦܵˡ
ôһ£֪һ̾ͷ£֪
֪ⲻ
֪ʱ˼ֻǸ˿ǣ
˵԰˸һ£ճֵֹѺۡ
֪ʱȻԭˣҲǸУѺ۳ʲôӣͼ֮
һ£ҡҡͷ̫񣬾߰û״ҿճɰɫͦ룬ͷһ࣬ոˢᣬرϲ졣
֪еǳģ˳ۣǵ衣
ˣνذ˰֣ģұ˽ѽ͵ʹ;ͺãȻڣʹ;͸ḻˣ
*
ǣɹ
˶ȥ˻ع˳һ·糸·˴Ҵһ׷׹ڵء
⣬غһѳһС̫࣬һţȥϲ衣
С̫ɫһףʱ˭ȥ͵ó֮ŭȻʵغٽȥοƤ֮࣬õغʹַͣʽغᳵݣڹҲŭԡ
ֻΣС̫ȵĿԪϣԪ
Ԫ¶˲̺ԥغһЦţģСԪԸôС
Ԫ翴ȥС̫ɫԽҰ һ̾ѲˮҰɡ
˲䣬С̫༤ǧллԪлԪ
žžžغƶЦɫȻĴ
ԪûٴŲˮ߽˵ڣ˿˳ŵؽȻô㣬Ǹöųȥ𣿡
Ԫ嶶˶ҧŴС֪ﲻʹ죬ңūţôýȥ顭ҪʲôܸһЩСԪԸ⣿
ʲô˳վһûһϾ͸һ˿̣غǽƻ϶ǰƸ㣬Ԫôѧأ˵һѳסԪ֣ͷĶԵԪҪʲôʹͣ
˳۵Ӱ£Ԫ紹۾˵һЩꡣ
˳۵͵͵Цû˵ãҲû˵ãֻǽϽ޹ҡ
غվŷǰֻͷžһһȻ죬ЦһһһȺĹˡ
һһ£رǸӹһٵС̫࣬۾ˡ
һͷһˡ
غһŶ룬߽޹ңЦϣҪˮ𣿡
ţ̫ҽ
ǡغ̧̧֣ǿ׳̫࿸ˮȥҲûһˣ˳˲ˮϣɤӡ
һйȻ˳۵࣬غ˳СĵϣԺаٹٺˣūſĿǺö껹һʱһƣǷϲģ
˳۵˵ͷҲգ϶ĺܻ޵飬ܲٳ˵ɺȻŲһٵߵأôȥӺң޵ˣ


134 
СԪ㻹𣿡
̫ҽû, С̫ȴ̲סغ˳۵ʱ򣬽ˮ
˿, ˳Ѿй˲ǱÿͣǵĵӲŸԴһЩ
Ԫƺʹ¶һ˿̵ļ尾ȻС̫֣ɳû£أ
С̫عŻϿ񡣡
񣿡
ǡС̫࿴˿޹⣬, СԪС, عûϿ񡣡
񡭡ʲô
С̫յĶֹūҲżȻ俴ġ
ԪĿ΢΢һȻƿ, Ҫ
С̫һ, æס, ǵȥ̫ҽˣСԪһûµġ˵ʵ, ȥùͷ, Ͽ, ȻҪŭ, һȥ, غĵ
Ԫҡͷ, л, ҵȥ
塭
ԪüĿʹһţַܿƽ˾˳ۻ飬û²˴ĵز˰ɡ
ŵϺˣһŵһƷ̫Ҵһ·ɺã
ǡС̫æʰ·á
Ԫڣ尴ƽȻ߳޵տʼСȣϼ֮ƺӦصʹ࣬ľˣߵ˳ˡ
ϻҶʹ͸еĸãֻ˳ҩɾȣǰĩһģһ
ԭгڴڽգݡΪ̫֮λĹҲֻʣ¾
ƾҲã̫ҲգƺҲûʲô
֮еһȻ֮ǰΪҲƲʲôöôͣԪǳ棬Ҳ
ʬѲ⣬Ҫһ˿ϣûУָλȥ
Ǿ޴ҪĹǱʱΧźĹ˷׷¶̾ôڹǣ
̵ڣ·̦һªޱȣڻĴɹУƻ֮£۾ֱ˹ģֱӣ
еĹһϢ񣬴۾ҽԼı¶棬ŭ
ÿһĶͬһ£ְ
˳۵ʱȻ治ǰ·ܸоǲ̣ܽ춥ײĳСӾ͹ڵϣô˳Цǧˣͷڹ꣡
ˣ΢ƽʱöݺݵһ档
ϢŭغڱȰֻǾú棬⡣
棿޸Ѱӣ˳վߵ˲ܿĹǰݺһţΪͷ΢㣬޵Ŀģû뵽֪ôĻ͸ö£
ôĵӣѵΪ޲ᶯ𣿡ƺ̲˳۽ֵţȻƺͣǵıȻƣ̵ķڣ󵽼µĶȻһһĸ
ףϣˡغ
˳üǰĳ粻ɫڵƻº̧ѷ죬յǶʱһǣ¶ͷĻҰס
˳ƺʲôҲ£½ʹ߲ĵһ׷䣬һɾĵһƬǽ壬Ȼ˳ҲòȥǻҺۼ
ϣҪūɣСĽšغڱȰ
˳ߵ𾢣Ĳ˳Тһӻȫͬڶˡ
ں̳ªǾ䣬¶ͷȱĹǣǻҰɫ˳۸е⡣
긺ףͨ飬ֶ֮֮򡣡ʱ޵߳һӰɫ԰ףִһ˿δȥɫ
˳һЦԪô̫ҽأʲôʱջ˽ţվֱ壬ƽղҶȵϢ˿ٵ˳ۣͷڡ
غæԸˣϽȥ̫ҽ
ԪûȥֻǴͷ΢ϧūû£ղ˵Ҫ𣿡
û¾ͺá˳Ҳ⣬ӹغĲ裬һ˵㷽˵ʲô˼
ϣɫĹϳ֮Ϊ꣬ʢ̫ƽ֡¹ǣϸͼ֣ô˲㣬һΪ󼪡Ԫ粻˵
˳ĸȤģ
䴫ţˣҲмأȤʣˡҲѧǳ֪֮ꡣ
ҹԤ㼪𣬶ľ˳е㻳ɣ˶ӣôһ׹ꣿ
ΧתһȦ߰࣬뵽տʱ಻ḷ́ʱЦˣȻǻɵ飬ǹԣǵޣŸҰѱŤ˼©
ȻǲŻˣǿȴѾЦͬԪ޿غϽɨˣص࣬ꣿ
غզ࣬ԭ˳۴ŪԪ磬û뵽һ֡
ëôͱأ
ˣ
˳۶ɣԪ磬ɵ׶һ飬Ȼʹ档
ϦؼԲӣΪ˳۵һŭ͢£ÿһҰȵع಻һͲŷֵˣ˵ȿͷ΢٣ˡ
޷޺úÿǰĶǸô£
ѾɾҰɫĴȵطţ滹һЩңƸմ׳Ƶġ
ˣо˼ƽϣǻ뱣סɴñȹ꣬һ˵װģϸֻ̽ǣȻϲؿ˳ۣϣ֮ףѵһ֪Ժδ
˳۵Ҳôã
Ѿˣ˳֤ѣǰϡ׹֮ףͨ飬ϵѺһɽ֮ͼһһݱɽˮΪɵãβ㣬֮󡣡
϶˳¶ˣô飬ǰ䲻һ
ʻҪʲô
ʲô޵롣˳ۻͷʵԪ˵һ
Ԫһ㶣ң
ǰ˵Ҫ
ԪǾͲһɡ
˳һεãԪ治ǹͲ
ڴӦλãûˢӣͲ֪¶ٻˡ
ڹ֮ǰƳѺۣ·ܹ۲һһöͭǮȻϣͭǮ֮ڡ
˳۴غԪҲһֻöͭǮһѷУ˳۲˲Ǻ⣿
˴˳ĿǰĹߣͭǮڴ˱ϴ⣬ϣѺ֮˵ʱ೤κܾܵסʱĿ飬ԴԶ
ʱĿ顭˳żô簮䲻ݡʱ俼Ľ˵Ȼŭƺһ̾Ҫ˵˵ȥء
һŵͶģջӲͦǿ򶨵˵ĪϸѺ䳤ɲһ˳Χ֧ѿдСֳֶ̣ԤʾҲͬѷһдССĲ˳Ϳչֱǰ
⻰˵̫ˣԼ˵ˣ˳ۻҪ뵽ŵͦ⸱ŵģȻûʵۻɫ
ˣ˵úã͡
лϣ΢ܵԼ꣬޺
ġ˳۵
һ㶣Ŷˣ;֮⣬ôħ
飬˳Цһȥɡ
лϣ΢ˡ߳ŵ˲䣬һûסй˳˭֪ѾǺʪʪ
ڣ˳۰˰֣Ԫ֮⣬ȫ˳ȥ
һߣ˳۲ЦһǺ
ϣСԪȵؿ
˳һѵʲô׹꣬޲Щչĺۼˡ
ˣΪλ
ôڹ꣬ҵҲѵã˵ϰ꣬Ȼޣϣԭˣȣ飬ûޡ˳Цһݺͣȥɡ
ǡ
Ԫ벻ȥ
Ԫ̧ͷ𾪵ؿ˳ۡ
˳ۼȻȤôɵˣ
Ҫҳ
Ҳ᲻ѽ޲ϣ϶κһֻȥ֮ȥӺСӾʲôáߣūҲôˣɲʲôɵһ꣬غɳŹأ޲ϣջѱȨȥ
ǣūϰţزСԪ紹ͷڲȥ
غ˵Ԫлиĸ͵ܵܣ
һ˲䣬ǻüĸͷֻʣһɹɺ⣬Ԫ綨˶ǡ
޴Ӳˣο㣬ͣҪʲôʲôø޿˳ȵ˵
ūס
ҹڹˡ


135 ʦ
ڹ, ҪǰݲμӸԣƾٹĵһ
ϧӺǸݣʵ̫, ˵ѧ, , ͯȡ߽ǰݲμԺԡ
ζţ뿪Ӻ, Ȼ첻ôԶĵط, Թ˽
ʵ֪ѧ֮ʱѧǷԵġȥ׵ĺ, ЩĴһһȥ, ͼϻ۵޵һλ˫ȫʦƿ֮;̹˳ƾĲŻ, ӦûĶʵϣ֮Ҳ½½յ˻ţͽȻ٣мһ, Կϵ˼
ʦ·;Զ, Ҳֵá
Ȼźͼλܸʱ򣬺ȴԾܾ, ˵ѾʦΪʦ
ѧ⣬ʦжߵˮƽѧΪ뿪ܾûᣬ֪, ǲ, ѧó
Ҷ, ΨһƱʦ;ˡ֪һ䣬ǫ֮иһݿڡ
ѧ񲢲ɣֻǺ֣ѧʶôˣĬĬ
Ȼȴ֪˳ˣΨһԪڱ֪ʱҲʮͷѣ츳˹ʦĸ̫ү˵ҫй
ˣѧľ޶
轫뿪ǰһƪ½֪
֪˿˵Բ⣬˴ǰȻеáֻǡ
ʣֻʲô
ʽ֮ʽΪأ⻹һЩϲ죬ǴŹʣһؾƽӹ֪֮ЦЦƺЩؿ裬ǳɼ᲻̫ÿ
㲻˵ͨĪҪʽ𣿡Ȼ軹Ҫż
֪׵ûϧԺԲԣȻԣͬٽǵطѧǵˮƽҲֻǽʿ֮ĩһעʽȻǰݵĿ⣬йоأȷ졣£ҺϲЩδء
˼ŵͷˡ
֪ѧʺܷģ˴ǰݣΪΣҪǰȫ
ݡϢѾˣǴͽûл·İΪܣеӺơ
֮ԭȴǸĸգϾ·
˵֪ҵҶ߹ý˶ΪһӣԾ޼ɵס۷ʵʩʱ򣬾ͱųд󻧳Ǯֲȡһǰ㲹۰գЩǮ֮⣬ԼһԱĿڴշʱ䳤Ȼ֡Ϣ編һãûǮģǾ͸ٸôһ¡ɺüһ˼ҽУÿ껹ϣûĵΪԼҵŰսִſ˰ѹλȥùİձ͹ȥͷֺȻôӣʲô·ⲻŹ֣
ܽͷͷǵ֪ŲɵЦˣµǿס
ٺЦ˿裬û취ĿȾ£ѳΪһʲôţ裿
永
ԣ·۳һ취⽫ƵĹٽֿӡ
Ȼ·ֻӺһССĻȴʱ򣬻ýȫѼĳɹʧܰԷԷǳæµҲ塣
ѧͷżңؼҲǵ·ǰ鿴飬ڵȫܱȣ׷󣬳ȰϡȰչˡ
Ⲣ֮¡֪
һڲ裬ȻڼŻҪǶߣѽܹЩ£ǽ볯࣬͢Ҳࡣ˵ԼҲ첻
֪ˣΪпһڵЩĸ·죬Ʒ޼ǽ븮õ٣ˡ
˰˰ֲ֣ɵӣյĲӺһĶֵصȨ·죬Ƚһؾʰ̯ӣⲻ˾˾۽綼ûУҵû۹ˡ
Ȼү۹ⲻ
г͢ƽϣ˵棬˲裬ݸ֪˴ԺԣǰΪʦɺã
֪սӹϱһ٣ЦеεͲ³Կˣ
ôԿ׬ˡ
Ŷô˵
ҰʦΣҪʦѧʺ顣۾Цһֻĺ꣬ѧҲ̸飬ѧƢãʵ϶޷˵ңȻģҪ˵Ӧûô׵ģʦ޿ػҵԺͲͬʦصҾͷȻҪʦ£ߵĴаİ˵һŸϡͬǰСǲġ
ͷʦϵȸӣΪӸ٣ȻʦϣҲ˾ʲôԣԺҪƽȵʦѵĹϵ
֪˼ֱЦãرûôûƢȷٺҲûˣܹɰٴ

ͬС˳վЦݣһȻƷĿѣȴ޷зһԸͬܡֻ֪ˣδָޣ縸ְذ̵ɲգͳݸ߽ƷʤдҡΪʦңȫ
˵֪꣬һͷ
ʶջǿסˣ΢΢ػһ衣ֿ֪
Ӧɣ
֪³һãҴӦ
̧ͷ֪һݣٸһģлһΪʦΪ̷ϣԩҶ߾Ϊƽ
ҸһġϽű̬ȡ
ֻ֪һֻ۾¶ͷԿ΢΢ʪ죬ããҵа
ûоȻˣʱ磬Ǵ磬ûߣ
¬ɽĸۡģǮѳķݽһһշѿв֮С
˵Ҫ벻Ӻ裬Ҳһȥݡ˶٣㡣
ش𣺡游Ѿź֣߽һֱűңгչˣ²صġ
ֹһ깫ȻһʧҾǡ˵ͷŵͣЩ˼һһҲ£¿㡭ú˼
ȥҲȥˣ˿ȥǣ֪ǵͻǰأ
϶ҪģͱȻҲеġ
һЦôţ
ɲ˾ͳһס治ֿ裬裬𣿡
ͷʵһġ
˵۾Ź⣬ѽ
԰游ǣǣСʦ豨һˡ
һ飬ôࡣ
ɲǹңҵѽˣŹͳ졣
ӶзݣͷͶ˸ںͷСһۣơ
СʯשеǰߣĪ̧۾ȻЦ£кηԸ
Զһ㡣
Ŷƽ޹СӺί
ɸеЦҲ֪£͢ôãϣǴֱɱѹ
ûôɵԶӧȥˡ
ģ
ͷţմӾϢǹٱ񷴡
Ȼȴֹۣһ⽫ԼƵˡ
һΪʲô裬֮˵ʵһȥݰջеþȡ
Ҷҵ𣿡
һʽʵˣƺؼҵݰοưոݣ
ˣô
棺ֵ𡣡
裺ʮ
룬ô죿
ҡͷǰߣûô죬ͿûƸ۵Ӿ֮һ·


136 
ڶ, ǰݡ
ӺͬμԺԵͯһӻ, мҺ, ݳǲ̫.ƽһͬлᰲȫࡣ֮, ·, ȥʵģҲǸЩ
µĸ·һڵݳǡ
ۺγδ, ܵѹȶͶ·ģԶײİ, ҲЩͽӽǽзõϢ֮ǰ, 궼û, ѾѾƽϢˡ
ֻǶƽǴ, Ǵ, Ȼ֮ʱɷȥ, ȴɪȻ֮Уæµ糿ȴǵ, Ҳ١
سʱ, ²ƴ, ʮʷ, ҲѰס, ɴһڿһϴĿջ
Ȱ֮󣬱һͬš
СڵضŲˮƹҲ˹˿ǵĴ磬ЦʣλǲμԺԵͯɣ
ǰһǶ˶ԲԣСһԣЦʡ
أʱǸϿѧ࣬Сƺʿ
С˪ǴӺġ
ƹȻֲãλҪǵɫ
аƹϲ˾ͺãǶ
ϡ
Ƿ㣬迴˿Χֳ⼸⣬ջĿտĲ࣬ʵƹҷС˵ǿջסôʱ򶼲÷
ǰǰʱջΪصصĿҲۼСջסˡ˳ԺһΣλԴĿѾǸѧ
һ˵ƹɵ̾Щѧ⼸ȫۼڸǰأ
ˣƵΪΣ
һû˵
ƹ٣Ҳæ͵Уģֵģ֮ǰѹһҲܹһǹȥˣǰˡλϿҿ߻Ҳ˵˰ɣ
ǰΪʲôأӺҲʵʩǿҲСС˪Ƴ·һۣ
˵ƹ̾һ֮ǰ۷ʱ򣬹ٸͰҰҪӣǰ»ֻۣҪӣֱȥ·šΪֻۣҪ̫ѣֱӸӣʵ˵Ҳ࣬Щʳģ͸ͷϹһĶը
·һλ£ԳãֱʵйǮɷԲЩ֮ˣӺʹĿʶϲ֪ÿһر۷ǴС˵䶼ˣرв㣬ÿ˶μġ
ʲôǮֻҪܾ˻ȥѹեллˣƹûش𣬱ϵС̲ס졣
ʣС磬ô֪
ССҲÿʱøУ˵һԶףΪûýǮץȥ˿ۣһȥ£˻ݳһƤҪǼﻹźӣŶֲȥ
ƹİһۣô㻰࣬Ͻȥߴߣſˡ
û£ƹǲС˵˵¡һλ£־Ц
С˪룬˿ӷϡ
Сǿƹ񣬺߰˰֣ʾ
Сɴཫϵӷϣ˵¶Ȼûϱץҩеһѱһظҡ˵˻Ͳˣ˳ŴҩҪڱϣҩҲץȥ
ΪΣ
ƹЦǲǲǹֳͣԲ˯ãҪѼ⻹׵ذһ㣬ҩǮ𣬸οҩأ
أ
ɵСӸģûҲˡƹ˵
СףҲû취ܲܿżͭٻȥɣϱ֪£ƹģɱ
İɣǶ𣿡ƹһۣȻܻʵҲˣЩֱӻһûˣ޶ûطȥ
ˣ૵Ϊʲôأ
λ밡ǰģһΪۣܸĶǮ¸Ŀɲ͵ե𣿡ƹҡͷʵҲãϾȥĻϢ編󣬰յӾȥˣûǮŽû¶ٵİգôӻϣͷ֪ʲô߰ĿСϰҲͶջȥˡⲻǰٱѹ
ûϸ𣿡Сʡ
棿Цģ֪˭ǿǶ޵ܣ˭䷢ģǶô氡ҡƹҿ˿ȻѹС϶˵ݸϵ¶һҲû˸棬ҪҲͶ·졭ǸǰɣҺүӣճ͢ղȻҪܶˣ
С
ԶԶԣ˵λ١
˵⶯ƽϢ𣿡
ƹΪѵƽҲ㣬ƽ
ô˵
λЩΪʲôȥ𣬾ΪλղҪ˵ġ
˵ܺ棬С˪ЦѲҪɱҵ
Сһ¾׼ˡ
մ˳֪̰գȷϧһλ
ΧҲŵͷҲʿ˿̶ȻҲڸǰ
˻Ӧ𣿡˵Ųɵؿ裬Ƕ֪λ깫үҲǰĺˣ۶ԳڳȻûбϤ
ʣƹѵֻҪ̰٣
ƹ˵ǣҪ˰ճ۷Ϣ編һ·
ˣЦÿһ㶼ס
ԣⲻ𣿡
ʲôٸ̸˲ӦôСʡ
⡭С϶ǲϾֻƽͷգɶҲ͸֮ǰһңɲ˰ɣ
ʣٸ̸Уͷ֮ˣ֪˭
˵ɽѧԺɽ
辪ȣһѧԺɽ
ǰݺ£˵вѧڳе٣֪ײҶġ
γƺ
Ƕɽʿ
ƹ˵꣬СŲ̿ʼϲˣЦЩɫλԲԵùߡ
лƹ񡣡
λáʱбĿ˽ƹȥæˡ
ĶӣҲҪСûԼˣֱкͬӾͳԣһ·Ÿ¶޵ģжķϽӡ
ȻЩ·ȴ룬ƺأЩʳʡ
йӡǵĿ׷ϣֹ
¿еķˣЦϽԣҲſ
һе۾һһͬͷȻȻǷ
С˪ʣ裬ǻҪȥְ
ϾͿˣǲǵøϰһ£СҲ
ʱ깫λǧҪ谲ȫϾӺ˵ĵϣܵС¡
˵ҪҺ־ȥ
ҡͷҹǴ²ˣԺҲû
Ϊɶ
һĿ˵ʿҲû鿼ԣҪ͢˵С
ҵͷͬ
һȺûȨûƵܸС⣬ʣҲ˹ˣȻѾƽϢΪλҪʲôʿ
ƹ˵𣿿ƽϢʵӿǽ֪һϵѪˮΣԼն͵ִֻһη־˵
ûĹ񣬹ϵ᧿Σκοԣ΢һһͻԱƱúúô¡˵΢΢һ̾Ŀ͸ջţ֮ˣɫأֻǲ֪λɽʿְʲôɫ
˫̥ˣ࿴˿ȻٰǷȻҪʹˣȻˣôٵأ


137 
Ǿ극, ͸֪š
˿ųһ·ɽ
ҵ̨ӲȻֵðա, ϴ, Ϊղһ¾ǽº
ǰһȥۣصͷһ˵, ʱʱ̧ͷһ棬ɫ䲢żȻѾǵһˡ
ջƹ˵⼸ˡ
һʮ߹ЩؿǼۣǿЩ, βһװϲص, ȴâ, һͲͨŮӵ˫̥Լе
һĶ, ¸ϿҲûдô໤ģв²ǵ, Ϊʶֵ, Ծɻ, ҲûǷǰѯʡ
ĳ, ⡣
һΪǰдϭģ鰺ؿء֮˵˵
öʱЦãδû׼˻δ𸴣Ҳ˼ңأ˿֮ͷ̸
Ӧˣ˶ͷԴ
ףЩ˵·ñôһģСָָһڵļˡ
ӦþɽԺİɣ˵
ѾݸϿε϶ûЩɽԺѧ
ҴûôˣӺԺûУȥҲǼչСһһݵĿ̾
ɽԺѧϰˣʮˣо߱ȱȽǣǽʿ˺üλвپʿרΪɽʿѧء
ǿӺĿզǶΪ·λ£˶ҳһ
е󣬺ܿΧЦЩǵĿⲻɵشһ˿Ȼͳ⣬ԭǴӺġ
û뵽Ӻط˹ԡ
ÿζ񣬿ʲô𣿡
ǰо٣ܿžллأðˡ
ôƣд»Ǵܵѽ
ȻҰ֮سҰˡ

Ķеӣʿط˶֮ݵۿƶ֮أԭ֮ҲӼ˹⣬˻ҰӺѧʲôϣ
ʵϣΪӺûкõʦ⿿ǼŽ̵츳׿Խٿ̿ҲȷʿԣٶԼĵ米ѧ
ЩҲӺĿЩ˺ü꣬Ѿ˶ף֮ӡ
ʱһЦͻȻ𣬡ôģǳ˹ģ׼ӺĿˣȻƨ£
й򿴲ˣȥ飬ɶԣǿ⣬޳ŵ٣ˣ˫̥ѧܴŻһˡ
ֱ׳ţ˵ĻҲѿڶ˫һ㶼ؿȥֱӶ֮ǰ˵ļ
ЩˣʱǺǣ̧ŭǡȻŮˣֱ˹ģ
֮أȻ֪һʶ
˶ڣ۸ӺҲһ죬û뵽Ů˾ֱ˻˵˻ǰΪŮ˵ǣǿˡ
һҪվȻֻһ˫̥ڰָ˻ȥмҡ
ŮôˣƾʲôŮ˾Ͳ˹ģǸ˹𣿡
ͷôֲһ˻￼ţܵģʱǲǶõͷĳ฾ѧȥˣ
㡭ָָ˫̥ǿʶ
٣˵ǿʶʲô㣬ָͷ̷ȥָָ㣬Сʶã
мŮȳ˫̥ǰһվһţŵ˲ɵˣϲɵϽÿأ֮ܳ֡
ӺĿʶˡ
ú־̲ס裬йӣ
ǰոǿƤӶô
ǫЦҽǺܺƵģһ㲻ˣƽϡ
ˣ
Χ˶Ц˲֣˼
صأҪǶ֣᲻᲻̫ãϵСȰ
谲οİɣҽ㲻ŻǶѣмҼѵö԰ն֡
ȻŻҲȷǻסˣǼ׵ģѹͲ˵±Ťָ
˫̥Цһȥʥɣô˵ĵȻͻˡ
˵úãʱ߳ˣɽԺ[ͷһλθӸһЩȻҲЩǷӵģ
ӡȻΧ׷׶񣬾ԺҲһִ񣬿ɼʿ֮͡
ʥ˿ƾ٣ѡͣǴ˳񣬽ԿԴ˽˲иߵ֣֮޵֮˵ߣС۽磬ʧ˷ȣУҲӡλӶΧΪ
˷׷һΰлѧ̡ܽ
ӵļѪګګǣȴҲ޵ݣȥ
һǰһ񣬡ӡ
ӿЦСѣ֪ĸɺã
ȣӾǵѧ
ǰǷԸҶ飬˵ΨһĸΪȥ
лӼǹңѧĸ޴󰭡
ãТ֮ˣ촹࣬˴ԺףС
лӡ
˵ţӵĿ֮ͬˣر˫̥Ŀдɻ
æܵӣλ깫С㣬ͬүݲμԺԣЩ·;ңԶѣб
һʱΧȼˡ
£
λȥӺ߻𣿡˲ɳѯʡ
Цǡ
ȻΪͯ
ԺԳΪСǿƾٵһûй֮ǰֻǰͨɣ˴󶯸ɸ꣬Ϊ˱ǣֻò˼顣
ӺĿˣʶͦԺȻӺشжˣԴµӺ֮󣬱㿪ѧãӶ飬һŴϣܻعӺΡ
ѧʶʵв㣬ҪԵ岻ݴǡ
ǣŽһգӺҲǿеҰ֮ء

ӺһһûУȴгϣѾӺѧԺ뿪ѧƵľ
ģ˸е档
ЦЦгá
˵Ҷˣ裬𣿡Сʡ
ףٸ˶ְĳУ᲻˿ڣȻҲ˲ţʢĻӺȱ
˫̥һ£ǿ飬ܵġ
һ¡ЦȴҲƲ̸ɼδϣǽĿϡ
ǰһЦҽо֮ūɫǰУЩ޸֮
˷˫̥ȻˬȴҲ׵ĻǶǸūģӢҪǿϣҲСá
һ˵ԭڻɵˣǵȷפɳŹʮ꣬պվмңһʱȻ𾴣֮ǰȻδȴ΢֮Ҳ֮ģмңڲפɳŹˣҲ˴ĵ׾塣
ֻǶ˵мжŮս˫̥ľҲŮ˭
ʳֻˣǵ÷С˪ķԡ
ԭˡЦλǸյݰɣ
ǣڿջţƹ֪ݶ˾֪ţΪݰһ·Ȼǲʿ֮ңͬΪ˳ˣһǰ˵ţӺͷ͡
ʱ˲ŽϣĿڻϣеʣӼȻˣ̸֪Σ
ô˾ۼΪ֪
ʲôʱɱЩʳ̰֬٣
¶Ϊѵ֮⻹Ѻ󡣡
Ƚ˾жӣҵǲˣ
˲ڸ׸ղѵ̰ȨûУ
ĪҲǣ
أϢ編۷󶾷ʲôʱջȥ
ԣٲԴĿ̰գݺڶң
ɱҵ·ڣһ٣
һһʣΧסҡͷ̾ϢһģǶ׽Ҫ޹ˡ
Ѿô죬бһ
λȻȥԺֻмյĹĪҪԼЦȿ˵ɡȰ
ʲôȻ˴󺰣ǶΪΪǵòҪĽǿΣ
ĹԱͬҵȲм
ӣɽô˵Ǹɴ༯徲ڴˣ˸˵һδֻᱻ򷢣
ԣǲ£
ϳݸְ̧˼βŽΧҲȱ𼱣µʹɽظλʱλ
ãֻҪɽʿõõǵĵطҵ岻ݴǣ
лλ
һѾ棬һ鰺鸴ӡ
õʵ޷ǲƣ©̸֮Ҳˡ
־Ҳɷո֮أһζָƣҩƫˡ
һͬӺҲ˵ͷ
վͷûһͬߣԵø룬ⷭ˿ȥ˵ʲôౡ֮һͬԭ֣˵
ƲǸŭԣҪִ֮£ȴ֮ͣ
ɽʿԺΪݱߣﾹƫģд
ѵӺҲʵʩռ˸ʲôʸ˵ֻ
һָȺ鼤ܣѪΪֱǰһȺɰ֮ˣȴҲų嶯
Χˣ
ЦԷǵĸо
˫̥ǰ磬ȴ˻
Ⲣ裬ͬѡ
ǰһλӺģҲ˳֮ݣȻ֮ڣ͢䲼ÿһӺִСǡǡ෴ǣջ裬ֱԺòߣλţ


138 
òߣ裿
Χ, ЦԸ˵ˡ
С˪ǵı飬üʣô, ǲţΪ𣿡
һͬĿҲ¶ɻ󣬡й˵û, ۷Ϣ編Ӻ, յȷ޵ִʼ֮ˣ˵ǻ֮ߡ
ǰǰ
Щ˫Ŵ£Ȼ·, Ϊˣܻͨնע֡
޴, ݰ޿, ĸ˵, Ϊ˹ٸ͢ģŰսˮʡ
мұ, 깫Ӣﲻ٣ҲӶ֮, 伲, ΢ĩү, Ұ֮俴һ, һʣ֪ԼĻֶЦˣ
գգ۾, ǰߵеĪĺЦ, ʵô֪ûȥ, Ұ
Ȼӵʳźū澣н໤ǽү˭
ͷԭˣòȡˡ
㡭ѵ˵𣿡
ЦӺȥ¿ʼʵʩ۷ĩӡаǧշۣʱζУڳǽ޲·޽ˮ̣˾ʮգܼԼʮһʱգӺٸȡǮԼǧʮǮһռ㣬֧ǧһȥڼʳޣԼ۹ٲʣԼǧӺ⡭£˵·¼Ŀг룿
ҡͷ䲻꾡޲
һλȴΧ˲䰲ԭΪȻĻӶ¶ȡ
ɵʣô֪
⻰ҪشһԵĿ˵Щڴڹ󣬹ٸγɸʾſˣԿǰ鿴
ſУпڣſڣ֮ضţԱʶֵ۰æ͡ÿһ÷ΧԼʱʱգǮмأ˽Կ֪
֮⣬һ漰ַׯԤʱգ⣬Ҳǰ֪ͨ׼
ôأˣ𾪼ˡ
ǲţҲȥ֮أǲԸ𽵹󡣡һݿԵűӵ˵ɴų塣
˰˰֣΢΢ⲽȻ˵Ϣ編ȥĩʼʩУպÿ֮ǰҼԹİԷǰٸҼǵǰǧ໧迴һ·־ߡ
־߻ش𣺡¼һǧİٶʮûǮգҲ࣬һ㶼һģ껹ϣŰʮ
ͷӲ࣬ӺϢ編жѣٸᳫУϢ
ΪʲôǶ֣Ƕְ𣿡Ȼʵ
ֻò䣺ΪԼϢΪðոõĹ꣬Ḻ¸գĪҪ¹ٸ
ԭ˰һλӺȻֲĹдְϢôַھùҿϢԼдǶӺķ̧̧֣࣬ҵչذмӣ
¶£Ϊ
һ꣬ӺӸһˡ
һƨڽ磬ӣ̫˵֪ĸ쵰ڱүˡ
迴ȻȺүһλº͵ЦȷãЩֿ顣Ӻרŵ·죬Լ¹ɽ磬ǰ䣬һһأͳÿһ磬ÿһĻͻפؼУһΪĹ֮Ľ·ÿһλգֻǳ͢ΪƣĶߡΪȺصǴǧصнѳϢ編Ȿǳ͢˼ңͶ·֮ʱһϣǽԨħצ
Ҳߣȴһŵ귨˿ʩΪʩΪһŶۣǺڼףô޺òߣλʣһۿʱ򣬾ǻϲڴأ
һʣȴǽ˶ʵˣ˵ĵһӡΪ̡
ΪƾٵĶˣǶ·ϵȻῴֻʱĿ϶ڴڹٸһһεΥ֮ʧ͸
Ի̾ȻӺشйǧȷԼλ̨ţһӺ̼֣żְɡ
˵Щ㹰Ҳ֮ǰ༥֮ЦݣȻתȥӺĿ֮뿪
ȵȡӺȻйӡ
վסŲͷ
ӵӺ·쾿Ǻᳫ
ѧ񡣡ش
ü˼λǡ
ҡͷû˵֡
丸˸ޡ
ӶʱȻԭǸ޴˵Ĺӣֲ˼ء
޵ʵ̫ˣʹѾȥ꣬Ȼ𾴣Ȼиŷ
һߣɽԺѵӣô죿ΧҲһͬ
ӿŶԶȥıӰ˼Ƭ˵Σȼɽۣλҵһȡ
ǡ
*
ۼǰɽԺ뿪ɢȥ
ۼˣ棺ˣˡ
е˵ͷ£üͷȴûչ
棬ҲףһѧԺޱȨΪʲôҪôɵǣһδǺ̺ǵ׸յղֻҪƽϢ.ңͿԻؾϽ𣿡
пһۣҡͷ̫ˣ.ƽȴδƽΪ壬ɾЩɿһζˣϷǻؾǶҲ޷ǲ֪ɣɽԺɽű.ҰյԸ飬Ѫᣬ֮ң͢طţһ粨޼ˡ
̰ٻ𣿴ɱҵй߾ˣ
ҵѾҪˣҪնĵִϷ֪Ҳ޷ȥ
Ǹô죿ѵҪɽԺʱﻺ
УݻУطҲҪʧʲô𣿡һھܾϷܹվڳϣΪһûˣҲûˡ
ҲУҲУ񲻽ɽԺ⣬.֮ǰΪβκλ˵ڳ𣿡
ЦĿһͣ㿴ؼˡ
棿
Ӹ޻֮ʱǱһţȻҲ˷ԡѫ󷴶ԣʿҲзԣɽʿ֮һ˹쳵֮Ϊãصط̰
Ĵ˳ûи£ֻԽ˥ҺݶͣԱزʬλҲѾظѽѵǿ𣿡
ҡͷδֻŹιƶȴϣлơ
ƣôΣôƣ
ʧЦңѡ;ܣạ̃ȰοЧ֮ͣѰº֮
Ǹʲô𣿡
ҵ֮ìڣ֮£ȷ̰ʹһߡ˵¶ϷĴһڶ˾˾ΪĿȫǡ
սȣͷĸ׵Ĵ
аڰ֣ˣЩἰҲûʲô壬޹أδ޷Ǽʶʶطѡģа취ġķļ򣬰ο
ǿЦǣȥתתЩʲô
Ҳãˡ
ֵ߽ү
һݰȥɽԺϷݷɽʿ
ǡ


139 ѡ
߻ؿջ·, ־̲ס裺йӣ˵Щ𣿡
跴ʣʲôã
ҿݵӺ·չݱܾ, Ӷѯ֮ˣǵûȥҪɽʿ԰ɡػϲ΢΢
ܸı뷨äĿصִԱͨһ£Ǿ̫ˡ
ûӺİ취ͺãÿһ޲ء
ú־, Ц, Щֵлλ϶Ժ·͸ˡ
ֺֿ, ·Ϊ֮, ĿõġΧҲһͬ֡
ǰ, ݱӺ, ˿ڸ, ôֵأ⹷ٵе, һЩ˰
ҾйӸղߵ̫ˣӦֺϸϸ˵ӺʵʩжԱ, ˵ǣ
ԣ
ŲȻʧЦ
־߿ı, ƵйӾ˵Ĳ𣿡
, û, ˵ĺܺá
Ϊʲô
ʣѵΪλӲ֪Ӻ
˼
ӺȻ·;Զݵ̼ȴģ˭Ӻ˵һ£ɽԺֻҪϢû˵رǽλӣ֪ûʸմɽԺ̸
ȻˣΪλҪһζصִ
˵΢΢̾Ϣһ޾ԣζޱ׶ˣҩͬģҲ޿ȡ֮֮ԴֻǿĽǶȣȡ᲻ͬһ꣬˿ģǱ׶Ȼվ׷׷ԣɴһݣѹȥµûݵһͷĶδûɽʿƶӲ񻯰ɡ
ĻǼΪ㵡
⣬ⲻɣȷԵйӣ⻰˵
ǰɽʿٶ˲ԶǧǰѧΪ߽Ʒж׷棬ӺҲѧӾɽԺ޶ڮǣܹͬмλвʣַ
Ҳû˵ʲôС˵һ仰ֵǸλֻҵһЩ²⣬ð֮⣬¡
йӣǲָ㣬ֻǡ̫á
ףˡ
лй¡
蹫֮󣬶ЩƽͷգһչӰ
˵ǰǿջλ΢һ£Ҫϰ鱾ԿڿջҪϽߣеغ̽һ˵һɡȻΪҵȰȫһͬͣݣûҪλҲþһ𣬴粽롣
һ˵ʮλЦǿ̫ˣл££кҪݷá
ǴҪȥ鷻
йأ
·ЩˣϢһƽϡ
һ˽˿ջһԶ
˫̥չЩþظ߽ӡ
Щ˵ۣ秵ģ˶ˬ졣СԹһ
˲裬ͷλճͷȲ衣
Щ챿ʲô÷ģҪЩսûûˡ˫̥Ȧӣоڡ
˿ЦãЩūö𣿡
СȻطʣöΪɶ
ģ
ٺ٣ڣȫ¶һٲֱȻĸĸö汩ףȻ󿪴裬ѧ𣿡СЦ
æҡͷãҲսϡ˵ţ̧ͷԸһգ׼ī
裬Ҫùȥ˫̥һھͱвˮ£Ȼ
Ȼȴסǣʱ뿪ջдţͻӺ
ãȷǵдŻȥ˵һ
ףܱʼ顣
д꣬ſйӡõ
ش𣺡
ú־һͬˣǰֽ̯ʣһ㶣ȻǴйˡ
ЦҲдŶѣ
˱īյ裬ʣλûгȥ𣬷Ҫ˵
æųȥǰ£Լй˵Ļ⡣
ˮһ򣬡ǹɽʿƶվ£Թ۵Ļ
ǡ
ЩƵǻҵȷʧƫģѾǫˣǾͷŹҰɡ
ù˹֣йˣǲָΪʲô²⣿
ԭˡ²յλ룬˭ղ׸͢سɽʿû㹻ȨʱεƾЩ֮ԻΪѣ
бȻˣǷһɣе
ûһ㣬ôͺƲˣ˵ҵֻǶĵܵܣ޵ܣҲֻǸƷ֪ɽʿȻӰô޲ֻҪȷԣӣҵҲ̫޼ɵһֱӷ.ң
Ļʶصͷ
ȫص·гЧѼ·죬ӳ٣λӦ÷֣ԽҪʡʿӣ̼֣ʽƼ֮·ڸԽ࣬ȴûʲô̫ӣΪطپϣҲĿŵǱһ˫˫۾ලš
֮ɽʿΪ֮ѵǾ֮ˣ
ҡͷҲ֪ʿ֮ˣӦ뾰һҪ֪λĿڱȶòȥǲ˼ģλȴܴ˵
ԣп̸֮ģ
ףϧ׸Ѿʧȥãݰֻʹ࣬޷ţ̸ɴ¿̫ˣһãδôʼҪĩ·˵ҲЩꡣ
Ȼ߲Զɲˣû뵽Ȼô죡
Ǻòߣþʹزۣйӣʲô취˭ܴٳɴ£
һ˿ԡ
۾׷һһͬ׷ʣ˭
дõŵ˹
һʱȵ˾
š
⡭ܿ𣿡ʡ
ͷ㡣
ú־߲ٿֱͷţһдѧģ֮󼴿׼ݣȻֺϣرԭ֮һһε¹棬Լйϵͽ֮ߡ
һݱǸ棬׼£˱ͨС
֮ú־߼ֱ㵼ˣйӣ˾ݸɽʿʾһΣ·İ
Цеض˲𣿡
⣬ʵ̫ˣ־߲ò˵
־߸棬ҵȲŸյݣһҹδѽͰȥ~
粻˳٣ҲμԺԣһءЩε
ǣһأø˾ǰһˣ
գգ۾Ҳû£ȨռˣԽ޶ݣӦҲһ׷ߣһˡ
λүﶼƵģֻò˼飬ĪѪӿһ˷ܡ
룬ʣһɽʿпԸأ
һָҡҡҲûдȰ˵ɽʿӲʵҪ
˼ǡ
ˣµݰգλֻǸ˶ѡòôǵһˣ˰ҪʿײУЩۣɿ˰İ˵㡣·쵽ĶһԶΪЩ˶ãֻҪˣԸٸһµĻᣬôһӭж⡣ȻЩߵԸһһҲǿԵġ
Це˵꣬쾹һǶ˵ãɽʿʲô˵ܣ
йӣ辶
ҵ
һתЩյﻹһ⣬û֡
ʲô
ǲ֪λ˻᲻ϣټգʾҪٸ֧֣ĺгէǲġ
ôõΪβͬ⣿
԰йȼü֮
ú־վھȥһȥ
ڰ¡
ԣ粻˳٣ⲻ˵𣿡
ڲȥƲƲ죬е㲻˵˻ûͷöͺͷϸʲô˵ñء
ú־߻࿴һۣ֪ΪɶͻȻĪйڣ
ǡ
£˵أ
֮д˼ƽţ˫̥͹ȥ㣬ԽԽá
ôżС˪ЩƵ
š
аɣӱޡ


140 
¥ݵؾøʢľ¥, ȡʫīʿϲ̸ʫ۵ĵط
Ժ, ݸͯڴˣΪɽʿͦٸԿͺ¥棬ÿϯǸ㼺̸ۣǻ֮Ѫĸ٣ٴ, ּʿ
ҵΪףʳѪĹٱҪ֮ԴҪݰ̫.ƽ
ÿҹˣ߿鲻
ԭǲģΪÿһ, һӻ˵ƹ֮£ʹǧ֮ﶼ˵, ŭЩһһĭֻĬĬ, , Ⱥ˶ɢ
ʱ, Щˡ
ʵ֮ȴԼȡƽңôʮ꣬һΣգҲﲻæֻǷ֣һС
ʮ֮俼ţʿνǱ񻹱׾ڼпԱԺԡ
ȻϾշĸ游ޣΪһεˣ޷չ㹻Ĳܺʵ㣿ݣϣƾԼı¸аæͬЩĻһ㣬࿴
ϧ㣬ݴֹǰվô򵥣һƷ׸궼׸Ͳһžֵܲġ
Ψһıǽʿӵҹϭĸ֪У֪ɽԺĶ
үҪǱȥ˰ɣߵС˿ǵӰص¥ȰЩ˵˵ȥЩˣûɶõġ
ӣĿһʲôأ˵߽¥
ĳͣеۣԼݣһѧѧӵݻЩ棬ƽʱҲ¶Ҳ˷˸ڹ
ΪС࿡Σһ˵̸²㲩òĺøУΪ֪һ
¥Щ֣һѧӿ׷׽кãҲʹ⹷̰٣ͬ飬硣
Ƶǰһűλ£Ȼ˹˹֣֣֡
ϵһʱȵԭǷܣе
е鵢ˡڽһ䣬ʵôˣ˭ۣ
ЩӺĿĿдһ˿м˵ʲô츣ĺòߣֻǲƣΪѣǲҪƫĪһŶۡ
Ҳҡͷ˵ʲôӺ£Ϊ·졭նкãôأ
סˣʣǵ߻𣿡
ԣ
ʣ·ʲô
ʲôǸ͢˾˾һר·ġôһ£˭֪˾˾ǸǮĵطһ֮Ѱˡ
ǰûˣ˻ôյѪǮ
Ҳ֪ʱ򣬹Ĵ·ĺôкξģĪǳ߽͢ĵİɣ
˵磬ЩҲȥţŻֱӳԲѷ㶯
ģҲ̫ˣ
ʲôӦýЩ˸ȥùƻģǵŬһ񡣡
ԡ
һĵĻɻ̲ס̧ͷǴۣм̫Զ̧̧֣˵С
⼸Ϻò裬ЩСʳ
⣬вˮô
̧񣬡һֱδл̨ǵչˣһ⣬ĪҪȥǰͷ硣
Ǳлˣȥɡ
ЩôƫԶͲʲôҪͬǰһ㣬ɽԺ˱ۡ
ǰѰһλãϵͬߵÿһ˲Ͳ㣬Ȼܿˡ
ֻӺĿ˵˵ÿһ·ƳٸԻмſڣ¥ջκȺڶĵطճϸ˶֪
Цһһʡʶ֮˺֮٣·ֿ֮Ѷ˵䲻ģνţ٣˶֪
ֻ֪Ӧ֮Ӧ֮ԼάȨ֮ӡ۷۰䲼ۣӦ֮֮ѽٵۣ֮˿ɰ۷ùӦۣ֮δù״棬άȨ֮Ӻ̧ͷͦأش𣬡۷ҪĲЩ𣿡
⻰÷ɵص˵ͷ˵͢ϡͿģٸ˵ʲôʲôһӹȥͳ͢Թ޻ʵ۲ջ·ʵʱ򲢷⣬ǵطΪΪ¡
Ұ֮ô죿ˣ֮˶ǣѲɻרǰȥҰ⣿Ц
Ӻ϶ûӺ·ٸôģ֪ȨһȲƿܣǲףΪûӺںˮޣһ;ٺòߡ
΢΢һȻӺĿ˵꣬
ϧҪ٣ʹ֮£ѹȣ˭Ҹ棿Ϊ˰գ˵˹ٸ֮;ҪϺù٣й֣ҵֹ٣ðոӿ಻ԣɽԺѧˡƫ֮ùͬëǣ̰ȴǹ֮꣬ΪΪӦͣЩٵʲô¸ɲ
Դ֣Ӻָζž̰̰أ
ȴǽӺĿʵˡ
ǱϾ·ģ֪Ҳֻ࣬õ̰£·޹ѽ
·ԴΪ̰գɱʣȴʶ̨˵Ŀɶԣ
⡭ӺĿü˴Ȼ޷
ʤ׷ӺشƫƧڲֻ࣬Ҫս£͢棬Ǹ˰ٽȻԴ󿪷֮šݣ£˭֪飬ֶ꣬ʱΪƴӺζҲ
ã˵úã
Ӻ̨ǻʲô˵
Χʮࡣ֪ȫܹΪմôȴǶʱĴܸС
㿴ңҿ㣬йӣ£¾ͺˣǶ·¹¸˽⡣
ǰ!ҲżȻǸ˹ʶһ£ȫȻ֮ʣһʱ
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Ŷҵϴ
ֱ壬дϣ
зյĸԴ˲ιٸڵִӺĿܹڽղЩô˷֪Уһ·
뵽ڴؿ⼸Ӻ
Ȼȴ¶ΪѣΪʵڲյλԸȣȥ·λϸһ˵
ôǲ֪𣿡
ǵȷ֪Ӻʵ
ʲô˵ģǱ粻ֱ˵ǣ
ǰҵֲЦǣأ
֪֮Ϊ֪֪֮Ϊ֪
һЦ֮УȥȥйǰȻȥȥͷôЦ·Ӯһʤһ
֮¥ľۻɢˣҲЩ߳¥
ʱȻ̾ʵٸЩӺԣҲ
˶࣬Ҿû˵ʵǰλСԱȽЩö࣬ǲ֪ɣӺ·ɸ޴˵Ĺ졣
ĽŲһ٣̸ȥ̨
ǰͣ½Ųͷ񣬲ɻڽ𣿡
ԡ̧񣬡·ŲСλ̨ᵽ˸ޣǲλ
һλûλһͬţȥȴ;ĸ޴ˡ˵Լͬ飬˵ʵλĴʼ֮ˡ
ǣҪҲֲⳡҲͲŪ˵׼ɽҲͲ˷ˡ
ɲǣΪãӺ˽кãҿҲԡڣ֮ãҲЩά粵۾
ûǿϧˡ
⻰иǧ˵㽥ԶվǰȴþδС˲ɵػү
˵ȥɡ


141 ̸
岻, ڿջϢûã˼ٵ, һ, ȴЩɫЩż, Щޣú־һһΣһԾԾԡ
, ɻλô, ۼſ, ʲôҪ𣿡
й, Ҫȥ־ߵ, ҪҪһ
ȥĶ
˵ΧĿؽ¥˵һͨ, ԣǻȱ
ǲ֪·ĹƶȣԲ޷粵ǣֻҪһȥ, һܽǷȥ
ԣӺ˭˵ã
й, ȥ, ȥɣԿҵ޻˵, ʵʲ£
йЩ, Ҫ, ȥ־ĦȭƵ
˵Ҽǵá, ȥ, ü𣿡
ˣû뵽
ףôſڣô֪ҹųأʱ˫̥ŴСֽ¥ݡ
СȺЦжС˪۾Һҵһ㣬ҪȻô֡
λС㣬ǲǡЩæ֣ǲǹԲȡ
û£зݣѽǸöԵ㣬ȥС˪СȥƹǶҪЩӡ
ǻҪȥͲͷλˡ˵
ȥСƵ쵽϶ûʲôˣǻҪȥȻ¥ľۻҲˡ
˲ʧģɵҡͷʧЦ顣С˶¥ɡ˵˫̥㣬ͷƹĸǼӼˡ
ϡ
£˫̥ĿѼ嶹ͲԼϣټƹ³ķˣһʱЩͷԣôȻɳҹˣ
Ҫ£ôǳԵ𣿾ɵĿⲻɵΨλŮϣĸȳƣ
԰ǲ󻧡˵˫̥Ӻж˼ȣһһŮкҲ
賢һ㶹ȻʵʲôΣλϸ˵˵
ȻѾ޷ȥôҲֻǣ˽ϸ˵һߣ˼ԶһһͽʱĻﻹԭ˸߰˰ˡ
⣬޷شζž̰̰أ
˵ɱʣҶ·޲к֮⣬ɰǡǡ̰ſܡ
ҼǵӺжԴ˷΢ŽĶԲߡ
˵ָල֮٣
ǻ࿴һۣȻͷԶԶԣ
õνල֮٣Ǹð£·Զ칫ʾռලٱ
־߻˵Ŀǰ˷гЧ۷УЩҪпĹѾ죬ûٸִп˿ۡϢ編޹ʾÿһݽһʽݣ֮ϱҪйٸ·칲ͬӡ²һʽõ飬ֻаյָӡٸ·쾭ְԱĹͬǩָӡʽЧ嵽ˣһµΣͲǿбȰս˽Խ󣡡
־ôһΧ̾ˣǰܾͰ޷˷˵Ҳôظϻ
ȥһҪúٱһ磡
ԶԣҲȥô˵
ЩֺȻѪĪúЦ˵λνߣжԲߣһٵֻҪ̰а취ӵġǧ֮⣬֮ʥ޷ͲҪ˺ˡ
⡭йӣ˾˵ⷨӻģΪ˵ɥ֮أ־ʡ
ˣЩ֮Ҳɻ
Ǳƫơ
⡭
»ĺ£ᵧȥָϵмĭ˵۵ĺ뻵Ǵϣ泯̰֮͢¡˭취ʷǧŵһˣõſͷ鿼𣿡˵⽨ʱǷںҲ̰ͼ㻰⡣
ǲš
ҡͷ˭˵ģѾˡ

ЦɱʣҶ˵˲Ǻòߣϧִе˲УǵüƷƷǲ˼
㶣Ȼͷ˼š
˷ӦôɽԺ֮²֮ʣǡ
ˣ
ӿɽҲЦ˵ֻҪ˾˾ˣš
ǻ˭
ûлش
˵ɻУú־߱˴һӶԷ￴֣̾Ȼ֮ǰᵽĸѧˡ
˫̥ǰѾһѵļͷѼͷһãȻǵǱ˵԰Կɾ˷ˣ
ǡ
һʳֻͣ˵㣬ˣãȥϢ
йˡ

˼¥˿ӣȻ˸¿ӣȻˣȻǷԵĲǳ͢˾˾ôǷһʼйԣɽʿƲԹأ
˶ʱ˵ȥˣ¿ӣԭء
*
ڶգɽԺ˽ԼϳԵ˸ֻԾġ
ʱС߽ү
ˣ
СҡͷûУСĴӺ֮أСѾˡ
Ķ
ջп
ã֪ˡڴʱŲͷͼд󲽶飬æӭȥ棬ô
еϲһ˿Ц⣬ŭգûŻشĻ۾³һ·ܽӿƽ
ʹ˵Ҳ֪ʲôˡ裬ߵߵ棬Ⱥȿڲɡ
бϾǼº֮ˣصʵŭѾ˴룬ˣ۾ӹյյߣȻڣȻǱڲ趼ûк¡űյϣ˵д
棬ɽʿ˵ʲô
еϷ֪ôˡ
Ƿ𣿡
ɸϷ򡣡
ôһ˵жʱһûأ
̾һû˵ɽʿҲ̸۶ԣȻ
Ǹ໹ܿǸһᣬ㣬ˣʣѵΪ񣬶ΪҶɽ𣿡
ɸѾˣѵȹ֮Ҳ֮ͣʿ֪˳ȥûˣ
ȹ֮ߣɽʿһ̾Ȼ֮־ǻ֮ߣⰡ
ɽʿԱٿɵ𣡡
ˣαգ˾˾еĹԱһǵ׸Уÿһһǳ֣֮ʼ֮Ѿƫ˸޵ĳԡҿҲ
ʵãк𣿡
Ȼɡ
ʿߴͽ̣
ط·֮ϣ۹ټ⣿ҵΪݵıһֽ֮ںδֻ֮ǧﰡ
޷Ǻ޸ģԶЭԱ֮ϣɽʿһ۱㿴йؼ
㣬Թ޸ޣΪǰûҺ²̳·֮־Դ˲һ·Ϊ¿ѵĶ񷨣ȻˣûʷӣΪֹɣ
ãããʿˣ֮ҹȻּɵģпΪȴΪɵǧ˾֮ţ
ʹʹϷݰգȴģ
ɽʿ㵱֪˭췴ʮ겻ɣһܺԺȰ򡭡
˴ͽ̣ɽԺ֮ˣӲηѪ

뵽Ƥɳ鶯ƥ򣡡
档ɫԽԽĵػһ
˫ȭ³֣ޡѵҲϣ𣿡֮ѣ죬ĪҪ
ޣ֣Ȼ棬Īɽʿͨڣ
Ѿˡ
ǣĶӿɲԣеʡ
һ˵ʲô
޵ĶӣѧھӺЩӺĿ˵˰׷Ϊ·кãνɹ֮Ϊҹ¥ĺô
ʱ棿
æͷǧȷ׶š
վⲽѧӺ˵꣬ʱȻԣǵǱ
棬ɽʿܲܿڸ޵ķϣѧһ᣿
˵
𣿡
˼Ƭ̣ȻʣЩźδ
һ˵Ѿˣڸջ
ãһˣϷ򡣡
ֹ̧񣬡ǣʹ˵꣬С˾˴ҴҶȥ㣬еôˡ


142 ·խ
衣
տ, С˽
ϰֵ̧ͷЦʣ߽㣬Ϣˣ
йȻȥɽԺ, Ҿ͵˰ʱɽ, ҲǸ˻ǲˡ
±, ˵̸ˡ
ô֪С
һ˵, ɹʶ, ĵҲǽԴϲֱߵˮ, һ, ôţҲöһɽԺڰɽ, 羰续֮, ö࿴, ѧӶôʿ, ӽĺû, һ
˵õҲ, ʱ, ɽɽҪʱ䣬˵ûаӡС϶
֮е¡
СȻʣʲô, ͷд֣
˵С˪߽˵, ҿ·ϲǰ¥, ɽԺҪ˵, ˣԺҲˣݵ׼տ
һţһĿⲻɵڳϡ
˫̥Ƶ裬ڿʲô

˭δ䣬ŲʹҴҴЩӺú־߾ͳſڡ
йӣ˵𣬽ϡ
ȥ¥ˣԺԲˣžҪʼƹٸˡ˵ſһۣǲǣ
ô֪
Ϊջġ˫̥е˵
ԭˣСϢͨڨЦż裬ǽô죿
Сú־Ϊţͺϸ֮ˣȴĹ˶Լͬš
ԭȥʲô
Ҫɱ̰٣ǸһźǵȰǾȰһȰ
ǣǰ
Ǿȥɣʱǵĸ˾޴˶ӣ·Ĺһ
һ㶣˾
԰
ݸ˾ʲôϵ
һֱĴ·ĺôѵûʵҲǸ˾ˣǾǵķ֮ǿңȻвУǾͻ¡
Ļֱéٿ
ǲɵؿú־ߣѾֱ֪ӵ˵ͷйѾȥŸ˾ٹӦþܵˡ
ʣô𣿡
̫ˣǼþ
˵˾Ը𣿡
ȻԸ⣬ǽı·ҲþӺһ֮أ⽫Ӻ͢ĵһ˺õĻᣬɵ˲ŴܲȥֲΪ
뵽ЩȲˣǿЩλϽ˵ܿ˾͸ˡ
ãȥ
Ǵ²뿪ջ鼫õϰ֣˫̥ɵʣ裬㲻ȥ𣿡
Ҳȥˡ
ô죬ô϶һ㣿
ߺ϶û·ߣ뱣ססңõѡ
Ǿ˼ˣмҵģͷô͵𣿡
ҺȻڴˡ
˫̥ôһ˵ϷĿ޲ˣ裬˵ܸʲô
Ҳûʲô£һϰְɣһ·ǵĹζ²١
˷ܵ˲̮˫̥ڨЦһСѽ裬ʲôҺȻڼȽһ°˵ˡ
С˪ûãҲϾ͵ˣȥɶóԵġ
һһ죬ѧ쾡¡
üȥˡ
*
ӣӺĿȷסʱֻһλйڿջƹһŷһߵ
йӣ
ǣЩƺģӦûƹ˵ָһŵǶˡ
л

ѣȴֺϣһ֮ʾСȥš
ţһͲզզãҲѾ˵ӺŲ˵ôֻʣ¡
ЦʱıеĿ졣
տ裬ү
Ÿʲô˶Ŷˣȥ˭

߹ȥţʻһѿڶ񣿡
һڱгʱ㶣ȻųյԽԽϤ㣬ǡ
ߵС˾үǳհ
˭
Ȼ㵵صɴ۾ĿⲻɵڿȥǼجһмƵŵ裡
ǰŲյŷ·꣬ԩ·խ
߽żָʣô
˹غһˮ־Ƿϻ˶ˣΪʲô㣬ôרѰҵģ
㣿ǣߴ·ˣ˦תҪ뿪
һţˡƮƮһ仰÷żϵĽŶʱ䲻ȥջؽţɲ֪һ
Ų豭΢΢һΣΪٻɸ˹룬û뵽Ǹɶǵų򣬿Ҹ߹ˡ
ŭ裬˵˭ų򣿡
賯ŬŬ죬һϵĽźˣװˣ
⼸ǴŷʹڲȣһĻ˲ȼŭ𣬲۶ȣ¶׹⡣
Ǹŭɶģ費ɵѧ߽㻹ջҪҪйɣ
һἰм߸ճȺŮˣʶػͷһۡ
ڶʱЦϾô°
㡭һǿµ裬Ҳ磬ҪҪ졣
֪赭Ҫ޹ˡ
ֱЦˣ㶼ʲô
Ҫ
Ϊʲô
ỵ̂һΪ㲻ʸ񰡣ȥԹ룬һ̸
ԲɵЦԹ룿
ͷš
㣿
źߡ
ôλȨأƾʲôһŶƽͷգٻй
Ҳգ֧ԴΪѽ
裬ȥɣ˵ž̧ųˡ
ʼ磬
ˣĴȥ
˫̥˵ˣôǣ
ţʲôֲҶʲô
С˪ǣˣ
ôѽ
СڵСô۸㣬ĸݹùú㣬ôҲһٳɣ
Цãأİɣ㣬ôõĻǰһġһȦھ֪˭˵㣬գҡеЦĶӵΣҵһ
*
裬ֻһӻľǿǸΪǵ
û뵽ǲӾĿʼƾˣ߷ߵ˵
үλүҪͨԺԣ͸һˡ
ƾŶ˶õ飿Ϊôÿ𣿡üĿԹߣۺЦӺľ˶ûУ˭Ժ˵ˣôţ
ǣһĶô죿ԵСʡ
һ£ͷѣҾͲˣȺͷͷ˵ٲãȥӺֱѧΣ
ݻŵĺãòһȦЩȻȫ˵Ҫȥջ裡
汻˵ˣ
һ̲סʣλȻ·£Ϊλȥ
õ֪йȻֻͯȻӺ·ĳ벻Ĳٳ֣¸Ƕймӣ¸˾Ҳһ
ǰ룬ȻҪȥźˡ
ӣйӾ͵˵룬һȥ
񣺡һ㶼ȥ


143 
¥ԷʱպÿЩ, Ŀһۣ˷ܣЦʣˣ
־߾ȵй, ô֪
Ѱ, û˵һͬߵ˫̥, С˪䲻ȵΪѾˡ
⡭֡Щ벻׷Ȼ, ôȥǣ
ҿмҽõı, ƺܲõйûдӦ𣿡
跴ʣΪʲôҪӦ
й, 㲻ȴ, Ȼˡ
ϵĻȥ˺£Ƥ, ЦֻǸ, ֲб, ôӦ
һ, Ҫ밡
ԭǲõ, ɼ, 鲻, Ȼ͸ıˡ˵ţ轫׶
ˣδҲ̫, кôҲǳ͢׸, Ҳøֱ, λүſھҪ롣
ǲɵؿ˫̥, ĵܹǵĵܵܰɣⶼҪˣݵؽ磬Ӻ
Ȼ˫̥űɫȴܳСмܼã
һδɵĳСӣƨǣл˼Һ쵰ܵÿ죬Ȼ̷ÿ
ңãһһ𱬣ʲôʲôԹţ
վŸʲôϽ³Էһ죬𣿡̧룬Щ⡣
ǶСѾ˷ˣһһ꣬ϸʵسһҲû˼
㿴ңҿ㣬ֹҪӣȻһŶˡ
һ˷׷תͷۺڴֱֻӲ˲죬˵λտʲôջ񣿡
ݳǧ˾ǰžִɽʿдԱղնɱ̰ͣһص
С˪ظһ䣬ź档
õԣһΪ֮ʱ֮֮
СЩ֣ǰ⣬һɶǴİɣ
һľм˾˾Ӱǵʵۡ˵꣬壬ɽʿȻͨˣе
⻰Ǵǣǻ鷳֪˳۾ͲǸˡ
Ǿ͵ŻϽɱȫ˵
˫̥һ
ݣԱӺǸУȻ˳ȣȴ̫С⿿ǧЩͶ·İգӰ޵ġǻɱɱǧˣʿ֣͸Ϊ֮ˡ˵ͷȻЩζ
֪ܿѣȴԹۣ񻯣ûӲĳͬģҲΪд壬ȻȻҵ׳١
ʱڣȴ޷ָժ
ñϾʶ̾ҵԴ˾йӣʵ˵κȰοĻȻҲ޷ἰ˾ԭΪӣͿ˳ôµõת־ܾˣǽ
˸Ŵͷ
ǻʲôأ
迴ЩѹĿǣЦǺαżд˿̹ͷˣ쵶ն飬£һ볯͢¾ɲԣһҾ죡˵;ЩЦͷʲô鶼ߡ
ŵĻĵ׵ĲȥЩ
Է˹óԵÿ죬ߵǰֵ̧̧֣ܷ򻪷һţ
һӦȻԣйôȻҪһӡ
˵ռһɽʿΪͨ
á
л
صУմīʼдš
ԭɽʿ޸Уֻǽձʶλˣ¸أʵ
ֻ־ȻķʽȻ׳ң壬δЩֵ
иõİ취ҪŪܾˣ
еʧܣ»صǵ룬ڸѧ֮ǰùӲдشţһȫ̷񶨣¿ʼ͸ˡ
ĵϣɽʿܸһᡣ
Ψһĵ£ûʲô뿪ӺҲûʶʮͯ޷õԷӡ룬ȡϵĺɰóӡ£ŵĩβϡ
*
񶼲֪Լô֪ţⱻǧѧˡ
ʵڲΪʲôݱɽʿֱǸӣò״ƫƧĽŻȥУ鷿ⲽɫǣΪѡ
˶Ȼ߽ȥ档
нŲһ٣ͷ
ͷЩ
ɽƥĲҪŭ
ͷվһ·һ
ƥǹģߵߣһ£ϷҲͰˣָϻӹԼЩȫ¶ֱǷӣ
棬ǲô
Щ˻һֱȻͻһ֪ɽԺϵ¶ţǱϷЭд
ûбİ취𣿡
ӡкȻӺЩ𣿡
һ뵽ĵģͲ֪ôᡣ
ô£п˿⣬һ˻
ͷǸε棬ܣûнǲ֪ߵغСӴ
Сӣָ˭
ǡֹ̧ͷߵǷ裡
裿оϤ뵽񣬶ʱˣĳɵĵӣĸȥмҵǸӣ
ԣ
ôѵҲμԺԣ
ͷǣǲӿƺЩתתȻ棬ҿЩôҲգЩᡣ깫Ⱥǹ£ҽȥû˵⣬ͱһԻҪҵȡ
һʲô
游Ǻأôܻǣ
üɫЦˣÿСӣͲϷһԲѷ֮
˵£ȥһ̸棬һͯûɽԺҪЦ
е鱾ͲãǶӣڳɫֱд
˽ץߺݺݽѵһ١
Ȼⲽ£Ȼʵ㲻˵㶼û˵ε֪
һͣ⡭
ţ
棬˵ˣҪȥ롣˵ţ̲סȰ 棬ǸɴֱҸѧ𣿡
̫ˡ
ô죿
ұЩӺһɽʿиѧϷǲŵġе
桭
ԣȥȥΪˣȻйЩӺĲþʹ֮Ϸȥܹ£Ҳֵõġ
ʱףûа취ˡ
*
ҹɽ߽ɽʿ鷿
谵͵Ƶһ¯īֻͷѾȫףʤˣһ£綹ƻ𣬷ܱʼ顣
Ӽˣ񣬻һʦ
ɽʿ̧ͷһ˫Щȴ۾ʱԶɽôˣ
ѧ˵أ˾ҹưģʦôעѽҪ
ɽʿ¶Цݣûз±ʣд˵ûʱˣɻ̫Ҫעץһɾźඡ
ʦӲͬҡҡͷ˹Զһ˲յѾˡ
ԶɽҪ𣿡
ӵͷʦһŸѧѧΪǸġ
˵ţгһţݸɽʿ
ɽʿСĵط±ʣеŵһߣȻӹţһŷ⣬裬˭
깫ӣݸϿͯ
깫ɽʿüŶϴθᵽǸꣿѧ䣬ģӺΪӵ
ǣʦԭǵá
ǵã㻹佱˵ţɽʿţؾŵƹĶ
ҲżѾµĲ裬»һʱɽʿҲѾˡ
ʦ
ɽʿûлش𣬷ʵԶɽô
ΪΪѧӲη壬ɽԺݵĶˣµĶҲʦĺ޿ɾ𣿸ѧǸ޴˵ĶӣǲǿԿǡ
ԶɽǸޣԸܣĶӡɽʿҡҡͷλᣬҪٽѹȥ͵õȸ࣬ǧϰٵİ꣬壬пˡ˳˽ǣҪ಻̰
ʦ
ԶɽҲ֪͵һ꣬·ͷʮ漰棬ͬƾѡҲŹЩΪѹɽʿĿػӣбԶɽЩ鲻ܶģ
ɽʿ½վж಻ףߣУҲȰ㹧һѧˣȥ֮˻ؾɡ
ɽʿһ̾¶ˣϧţοϧԴ֮۽磬֮Ĳɣɴ֮衣֣Ŀϡ
ߵǰʦŸҰɣԻ
ȻɽʿȴؿŲ
ֵѵʦ
Զɽ㿴ӡ¡
ӡ£ɫ谵Щ壬ùյ£Ȼ۾ǡϸؿţȻضɽʿʦ˽ӡ
࿴žе񡭡ɽʿ૵ȻˣԶɽգСɡ
ʦ
֪ʲôġ


144 ˫ȫ
ڶһ, ú־߻ЩʵظǰɽԺϡ
־̲סʣйӣ㾿ôȰ˵ɽʿǵģЩ˵ڲ趼ûȾͱɽˡ
ÿͷ, ɽƯɽ, ˿ɽΪɽ֮£糿ɽδɢԶԶȥƣɫʵˣͬض
־ߵѯ, ûлͷ, ˵ݳ, ʿӦþˣǿɱܻӭˡ
лĹͷ͵С, ˡ
ɽԺɽѾԺſڣ˳Ž߽Ժ
Ժúܴ, £ԺľԴĸоɽ, ܰ
ʦ, , ӰжʣϢ뵽ѾſһҹĶˣ⾲׿տҲ֮ڡ
ɽʿסͷСԺۡ
뼸λԵȣС˽ȥ档
Ȼ˻δݣŴ򿪣Ӵ߳Цλˣ롣
ʿˡ輰λ̧Сȭ
ӻһ񣬡£롣
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˳ķףΣټֻعʥʱĳ®ú־߶ʶ¶ȣ˺ܿȻ𾴣ɽʿҾ
ȥЬӣչǣλǶˣһͬϯض
Ȼûʲô壬С˿һɽʿӦҲ˰ɣ
Ц̧̧֣С㣬롣
˾ɽʿʿ¡ѧܳһݣͨв֮˵̧һδͷú־߸УСȭ
ɽʿһܿ˭˭ӣ󷽷н̬֮¶һЦݣ̧һ֣йӶˣǹǰҲҪǰ
ûеӳǰɽɽв·ĵɽʿȻѾ׼ãһ֪ͬţһˡ
뵽ˣѧʱ򡣡ûٶຮѣµĺɰȡöӡ£ɽʿĿ
żеӡЩģֱӿСӡֱۡ
ȡɽʿ
ӡ̫Ψ˽ӡСɣ֮ǰҪģһҲûԥֱ裬ȻһҲòϣһΣգãʲô綼ϡ
뵽΢΢ﴽȫȫζǷ
ɽʿûпϸϸ鿴˽ӡʼ֮ӡмǺţײ٣Ҳ˵˵Ľڲ·һ˿
˰ʱ䣬ɽʿڽӡ˻ӣͻ裬лйӡ
Ӧõġ½Сӡźá
ӺΪ⣿
þǣ̶ߴʹԶ룬ⲻསһ紦֮ҴԴ顣
ⷬɽʿϵıδ䣬Ȼȴ¶˾ȣȻǱȥģ
΢΢һЦ˼䣬ģ֪Ը˿֪࣬¼ѡ
ΪɵΪΪ֣
ҡͷԶҲ̬޳һȥĸ̫أۺˣڱҪôѹ壬Ҫôֱͷǰüǵסͺá
ɽʿͷӵĻش𣬵Ϊء
ˣ˻ὲվҪ̤ʵء
ɽʿºΪ죬ӿ־ѧ֮꣬ȴʤ
ʧЦѧѾʮ¶˼ǣľˣĪҪЦ
ɽʿҡͷ·ףҲһܹɹӺСףɵݣҪһ󡣡
˵ˣҪڸݸԴ
ɽʿ׽֣Դ
ǣ·ڣɽʿȫΪֲ·֮㡣
ɽʿ裬Ȼ˿ʵѧҲǹؼھ㹻ˡ
Цףѧ˵䲻ǫĻ·쵽һ빦ͣʤΡ˿̵ݣûнǾʿҲ޷סڿڵɰɣ
ɽʿЦ֪˾ʱ
ǰŻӺʱ䣬Լ¡
ǰһţ¶ȣҼǵǸյݡ
ǡ
ɽʿ΢΢һ裬ڳЦãܺãܼ֮꣬ɣʵźֺ˽ӡ㡣
°΢̧̧һִôʿͬˣ
ɽʿŻ̧֣æǰһߵǰæֻ̫ãȽЩ飬ȻɵһҺСۼֿһѲûԵ
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СȻ秵Ļö룬Ҳ֪Ҫ֮£û죬ɽʿ⻰վֵʣȥѽ
ʿȥаɣ˵
ɽʿ˵ͷ
ȻȴҡͷٵһȣҴɡ
ɽʿŵ裬¶̽Ŀ⣬йӶƺΪ˽⡣
ھй֮Ե
˽֪깫ϥֻŮδһŮô
ҸΪĸա
Ȼһ£ҶԹйܹǰӣ塣
ЦǰԼܾʹͣ¡˵˵ܶϽˣȺأѧѴ̡
ʲô°衣СŲͬͷԼ
ȴйӡ
лʿˣǻӺ޶ΣΪƵ·
˵ţú־ȡӵȥ
λ·ҹĬдԭ·н϶ģʿ߼ཨ顣
á
ûжֱ뿪ˡ
һ̣ʱɽʿڵϺȲƷϻȴõطһߣɵЦʦƺΪλмСӡ
ɽʿûӣֱԣʮ䣬˹ϣǷǵԣò˾̾ǧѼһˡ
Ӹˮ裬һֱЦ
ɽʿɻ󣬡ԶɽΪˡ
Ȼˣȫ֮ʦಫѧѪͣǺ£ţѧ͵̫ˡ
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ɽʿҡҡͷȴֵͷûۣ⿴˵۹⵹ǲ
ﻰʵ޵Ļ裬Ȼ󻪷ӿԼʦЦ
Цʲô
ʦѧҲˣҪ黹мҪ飬ȷЩӵ
ɽʿüͷû㡣
ѧԼûкú̷˼ҡ
ͯˣĶõ찭ҵ۾
ʧЦָ֪ʲôԺԹˣҾͬйһᣬԸԸҵСʦܣʦ̷˼ҡ
ɽʿغ˿ڲ裬̷࣬㿴һ
ӿķǣȻȻˣǱˡ
ɽʿ۾̿
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ǰɽԺϢûţӺĿųȥ
棬һ˼֮Ըȥջ
һţʱ¶ʧ棬Ҫȥ
ɽʿȻϷǲȥҲȥ
ĻδȫȻţµ꣬ɽʿҲ
ɽԺһУú־߶Ӿ壬ɽʿ̸ֻĸп֮ǰĿ֮ҲŲ
ЦԻȥ֮ʱǷѾ˿ջ
ᣬǸ˵ˡ
йӣҵͶء
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145 
вδ, Ǳվڶ¥ǰһ¥ݣԼú־ȴ֮
еĶó, ⲢֻΪԽ䱾Ϊơ
裬ͷڿءСѵ
贽΢, ǾĿ࿴¡
¥ݣ΢Цضй˹, ˾õȡ
е˵ͷ, Ƿˡ
ʲôӣѾУдˡϵС쬵˵
΢΢üȴȵȻգ
ϰֽд㹻
Ҫˣ
迴ҲûһۣеˣҪΪⲻɵѿ𣿡
, йӣһе
̧ž߽, һһ߻գϲ衣
յķ⣬ú־Ҳû߽ȥ, ϲκβ, ֱз㵲ѡ
棬иӵؿǰ˱ˮ, ھ, 輸, Ǹӡ޲һֻĺӣΨһһ֪ıǺ֮գʷĳʱǷ·ѹֲסЪ˹ĻǵöΪ׵ļλϷ˿ͬĸӡ
ĳˡж裬̾
赭۾ʲôʱҲ͹Źǰһ֮󣬲ѡ
ж˲һ٣̧ۿĿ̹ȻӣȻ塣
˽ԼѧֲԸɱ˵ӳѩҹ÷լΪʮþȣû뵽ĳ־ضûѡ˲ˡ
֮мȲ裬²յ֮ʱʣйӼȻȥɽԺ֪ɽʿλش𣬿лء
ҲӣС
һģʱи迴ţЦس˳ǣ׼лң
пɲǷȻʣΪΰϷ򣿡
֪ôʣǲ˵ȥ֪꣬ҪԶдһţ˿𣿡
΢΢ü򣿡
򣬸ѧ񡣡
лȻԭˡ˶٣ȻϷˡ
һƳȻˣ˾͸֪ôΪ˭޴ƽԸʧ丸֮־λ΢ĩҲ֣Ϊмһӣ˵֮ҿʵĶ࣬˼ˡ
һһĻﲻʣȴҲδ¶ϣ裬𣿡
͵һЦѧͲǹˣˣҲ̫ˣ¸صɽʿߵλϣҲֵ̫ˡ
ĸܻмңΪ깫Ľɣλ㲻Զﱼκμ˸мôҲ˵ùȥЩûʵĻû¡
˵öԣѧȷϷʣԸ⣬ɨӭϷɻ󡣡
˵
Ѿˣƾѧʹɽʿı־Ȱöһ˫۾ȻϬ·ܹĵס
ɽʿȻɽУõϢٶȿɲȳէӺĿһ·죬ѧ֣ɽʿ֪ܲҲû뵽
ϺϺ꣬裬һڣ˼֮󣬲ʣ˲ϧ𽵹ӺĿΪΣ
п˵ˮ©裬εһԡ
æˣѾˣɽʿȻ塣˵ҺûһȥҲóһŸвɽʿݶ֪
һݡ
ôȰöɽʿ
ãǸ٣ºûдֵһ˿ˡ
²ԸΪ˽ֺõҲˣˣɽһˡ
ش󣬼Ȼɽʿ˿ڣ鶼޷ڴӦɡ
ǾͲ緹ʱ󣬻ջſڼɡ˵˲衣
мֱЦˣôļӡԴػسãûϹôС
üʶԹʱԣԣϽƢѾܺˡ
ڿ߳ȥһ۾飬Ȼʵ棬ô
ʱ֮
ҡ
ȻûٴΧؿĿǵ˵ͷȻԴ¥ȥ
ôضԴ׸Ϊг룬еȽͲԶˡ
һߣеĿԼͬؿӣû뵽оȻ룬ֱ˼飡
йӣ񡣡
׸޾ɫҵ硣
ú־߻࿴һۣɽʿǰλҲ̹Ȼûʲôϡˡ
̸֪Σ
ȥһʣȻԼȴ߳ˣЦе˵߰ɣȳԷȥ
裬ͷû۸㣿С˪Ҳˣ˫̥һһߣ¶С
Ȼôܣң˼䣬Կ
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õйӣ˵
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⣬ͷ̵һˮˡ
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ŶҾͲˡ˵ֿ˳ᡣ
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΢΢һЦл㡣ŷС˳


146 ȴʦ
СѾʶ֮һƶĻ, ܲŽȥ˫̥ιԺȴŽǿտйϵ®й
ѾɽʿɹʶȻ̸ⷬҲнŵζ, ıȥ˵ι֮¡
ѧϾ, óȻ, Ȼȵͷ֪˭ȥȽϺãڵ
ǰĲˮ, û˵, Ȼˮ֮ȴ¶ȣˮһ㣬һζ̧ͷֻĻЦʲݣйӿɷĺȡ
˲Ц۾, ֹ̧˹ӷ, úȡ
ɽʿ˵Ϸһ⣬һͬ, , ȻӡֻǸѧΪ, Ӻ֧, ԿԴչ֣Ȼ֮ء
˵, пһ, ʿ, ·ϣϷѾӦйָѧ˹˾˾˾ʹְ֮Դ
ɽʿ΢΢ü裬˾˾
ейָҪģϷ֮⡣
ЦЦס
ɽʿЩף˾˾ȻֿȵĵطϾΪ裬޴ְλѧ볯ãݸõʵȨְ֮ҪáΪһе߲ȥһҪľ˾˾ôѧǴĶִĶˡ
ɽʿ뵽⣬ȻҲˣԲŸҴӦôʹ죬δ˵ôǰĶˣʿǲǸ÷ˣ
ɽʿ΢΢Ц˲˵һ˵ҵδðɡ
н⣬ˣѹյ֪ȴǲЭˣ֮һǽЩ̰֮ԷµɱʮζΪ
ٴο裬غ걭иʲݲ裬ȻŻЦѧܷһ
ӴȰһЦǿԡ
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¹˳ɶʿġеݿʼҵˣֻһѡ
ڻؾ֮θǾԼˡ
һ̸ͷβû˵ʲôǰһݹϹһݸ㣬һ裬Ϳ˰޽ɵһ㣬ǶһЩʵڿȥ
迴ӶҪŤˣüһʣôҲҪ
ŤŤԼ԰ɣĿ𳤡
𳤸ģߴͲɴǣûоͲҪʼɡ
㡭ֱҪˣ˭ʼɣ
Ǳپ͸ˣлʿȫͻȻվҲ˵ָϵĸмŵ
ɽʿڻӵĲŵԱɣѧˣҪӸ档
ٶ֧֡
롣
ȻҲҪȥʱ򣬺Ȼӵйӣ
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Ųɵ¶Ź֣飿֮ǰɽλʿ˭飿
Ҫ󣬾Ѿӵжɵͣ½Ų
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ʱףȴˣʱ̫ζƲмҸҵĶԹ̸ϻ۹ˣ˼ɵĺӣ˭˻᲻Ķֲʯɽʿô׵رȰסǣһһ׿ԽͽܣҲ
п˷һۣ̲ȻˣԺԱȻճйӵûȥϰ˰ɡ
ЦãɽԺѧǧᣬйӲġ
գգ۾ɽʿḧŪ䣬ȻĿǰ棬ƲԸǰȥֻǾ֮ʱһ䣬
ɽʿͽѵ˻ܾġ
ӼˣҲǰߴٵʲô
һ̾Щ΢ʦѽ
⻰˽¸ɽʿ˵ǰͲҪ˼Ҷˡ
ӣǾʹ˵һǾģȻȥƿǰһҡ˵׷ȥû뵽ͷôͣ·ͦ죬òС˼
ıӰֱˣ
ȥĶɣ˵ǽǵϣֵı㻹졣е
Ҳػش𣺡ܣ
治壬ɽʿȻڹλȴ쵱һҲѷɫĸޣڸ֮ӣɽʿĹͽܣʦŻӣ;ϱضһ·˳磬ټӾ깫֮У˭ܱȵù
λүмӰɡ
ɽʿΪʦ䲻֪ƾʲô裡
п˷һۣҡҡͷ뿪ɽԺͷ˳··켸֡
˫̥һȦԺհػصԭԺǰкͻѾˣǰһʣأ
ˣɽָԺԣλСǲԸȴȥƿǰһ
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Ȼ۶ǣóãЩţ
ɽʿ߽棬ϵһΪֻҪһְأ
ش𣺡㹻ˡ
㲻ָ֪С
ʱͷȻɱҵȻʱĩ·ˣʱҿɲϣΪе򡣲Ҫ͢κʵְʱصӺӻ
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ʧܣλԵһλʹ֮ӣӦǳкߵһλҲóࡣ
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ؾǰƽȻ˳˽ӣԼôֻбˣʻбȻʹõѡ
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ָָ̧Լѽ
ɽʿԼϣ㣬ѵ಻ɣ˥鼮ֻ
Ȼ迴Ƕѵʮ飬һӣԼνֱߵڶпλɷõĵĲ㣬룬ջתš
ȥĶ
ͷһ̾˥δ˥ȻȥˣԸҽ㻹ûߡ˵̧꣬žߡ
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ȻɽʿģôɫʦȣѷɫһֻҪСӲۣ˲ǽǡ
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˭ϲСͻͦƶɽʿźӣ۵һ¡
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ʦ侪žޣһ֪ƾԶӣΪžɡ
ɲǣƾֲһɲ䣬ʮǰԪڣվʧУԿһЩ
۾һ䣬ǰͷǿ׿ɾм֮


147 
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, , ˣСզզ, ̯, ˫ſʱģ
ǰСһϲɫ
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ǧȷСŷ⣬߶辴ϡ
ƨ, ңӱ͹ġ̵شŷ, ȻһĿʮ֮, һ̾
СӺʣ, Сүдʲô
ȻҪ¡ƲƲ, Щþ֪, Ҫ£Ķôյţӡ
ūڡ
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ǡ
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ѧ˵꣬ҪǣȻһ̧ͷͿǳƵؿԼ
һʱЩֲף£ɡʲôԸ
泶˳ǣ̫˵Ҳȥ
ַʥּ뿪ء
ѧڨЦǿϲżֵĴź
*
ʵӣûʥּܣ˸״Ҳûסȫ¶֪Ǹƨ
ϧǰϢ˳ɳʹ;ӺһͲ뿪ˣץ˸о̫񻰡
ʹԪ硣
һǻģڹǽڣǵȴ
ôԪٲ̤ǽһˣһ֮أҲŤ˱ģ沨ˡ
Ӻǰһݸǰա궼ûͱƽң˻ûлؾ
Ӧûжѹôãǻº֮ƽϢ£Ԫص룬Ϊλ˸еΪѡ
ǰ˳һſӣԪݵʱֺ
֮ң¹ã˵췴ʮ겻ɣɶڣ۲䣬ʥ־߱ȱȽǣȴͷ­ֹ˷֮ͬӹѸ֮ˣȥδӣͿһˡ
Ԫûߣ
磬еž֮ϣ˳ӿǰţλɽʿ
ȻվûеȵǾһɽԺĻӴ˾ʿͽ֮ԡɴݹԱӺ·֮˸ѧ·
ɽʿɼһߣһһҹˮδ׷Żӹһ󣬱㻥뿪
˭Ϊ˹ֲŸ볯͢Կ
νԲ
Ԫֱ֮ȥӺɳŹأ;вɶൢ飬Ѿڴ˶աȻˣʹ̣ еУξȰȻҲڴź˻ʵ۲ŵóĽִ̫ʵʵģΡ
Ԫȴûдò׳ʱȴʵ۵
ż뿴λ֮ӵ·졣Ԫ˵Ŷ֮˷ԸСߣȥɽʿΪͻȻ⣿
ǣӡ
СǸС꣬Ϧ֮ҹŭ˲ҴùͷСߵùغȥͲ裬ԪһС߶ԪأγУҲԪ硣
ԪУξɵһȻȴԪ裬ᵭ˵УξӼҵƺߣҵġ
Уξüͷ壬Ƕ
ӼԻ˵ǣ㡣
*
ɽԺͻؿջǰɽʿһͷлʿָ㡣
ð׾ͱˡ
һҪôߣһŵС̲סզզࡣ
ǣѧȫԸ
ɽʿһ̾٣Ϊ壬֮飬ٶ๶գֻǽãĪҪѽ
ˣ̧ͷЦŶǣˣʿҵδ̫ߡ
ɽʿ³֣Ƥ
Цݣͷߵףǣлῴʢ
󻰡
䴽ЦЦúõžУҹưĪҪ۶֮飬֮꣬޲ġ
ɽʿһĵӣ㵹ܵĻͦࡣ
θĶѣѧˡ
ȥɣʦ޴ӽ̵Ժ
΢΢һимлʿ
һߣЩϧʦ˴֮ţΪβܶȰ˵
ȰˣʧТ֮ģʲ˼ֻʦ̵ܽҪԸڡ
ʦ
ɽʿŴĻ֦˳·Ǹ˳
סˣЩţѵָʮˡ
ʮΣʮκΣԽᣬԽгԽǿܣٺòˡ
*
Ժ˳պǷŰ֮ա
ԺֻǿƾٿǵһȻŰȴǸƶڹġ
ΪмΨһĶˣ˫̥Ȼص˿֮⣬ԴΪֵķҲ˵ŷ񣬰ϣ޴ˣɽ
пŷպīıʣȴٳд¼֣ҡҡͷˣȻС
ҧҧЩޣ˸ߵۣǻ˵ѡ
ءݺأľϹ˭λ֮ţ
ܸءǱȣҲ̫ˡ
ЦҡҡͷЩܷ¾ͷ£ľͳִδǼ¡ɽʿмӣѾˣߵñԶ
˵ţС˴Ҵܽү
ô
ףǵһ
һīȾֽ棬ּⲻϧ񱾾û˼úд͸ûˣôͿ
һ̾һҲϡ
ԼֶȻǸøˣǶԹ֮ңе㸴ˡջǷԸһһݺȥɡ
棡
ӺţѧѾ̣ܿܵݣܶ¶ˣסпŷ
ʣͷǡ
ȥɢɢİɣдˣҲдá
*
˰ףҲ֮ȥ
лɽʿ˭ûλĹؼãֻǸţݷ֮ȴﲻ
ɽԺǧǸĻϢݸСʫᣬ԰̸лᡭܿ˵Ӱ
һչͷǣʵǸûᣬȴ衣
Ϊˡ
ûƿһ強￼죬˶ѣֱӾͲһ
Ȼòһɫȴǲð
Ҫмйزöͨն֣˫̥ͽЩ˻׷̽ȥ
ѾˣĻҲյˣ裬ǸɴӺˡ
²У֮󣬵ʾһ·죬ҵÿš֣շѡ
ˣСʣ裬Ҫȥѽ
š
廹ûá
ûд󰭣Ҫ徻ط㣬Ǿͱˡ˵꣬Ϳ򳤿գſ𣿡
үûС
һݵؿ϶ѵҡͷ߳ȥˡ
Ѱһ̫۵Ĳ¥£Ѱż䣬Ѿˣ¥䣬һſ
ٻضǸɴҰܿУȻ˵Ҫ徻ˣ뼺޹ص֣̻˸ˡ
һλһۣЦЦҲЦݣȻСҪһ裬һڹϹһݾС㣬ӹյ飬
ˣҲѧŰһݣ㣬һϸƷȷⲻ
ȻûõУ¥½ֵϴһűĵеĻ
үʲôˣ쳤¿ߵֱͯ¥
̧̧Ƥ۾û뿪鱾˵ҵ˰ɣһն
䣬Сͯӣøҵնء
ƨү
ôˣҲøݰһ
ϧ̰ٺ֮࣬ɱ֮ʱǸпһ
ȥŵȻùǰͺ̣ﲻ
һɵؿЦӵֹۡ
̯̯֣͹ʵ̨ѵΪ𣿡
ЦЦһ˿̺Ȼٶĺùʲôãһһ⣬룬һǼˡ
Ųɵʣ̨ƺմӾǶ
ס
Ѿڰ̶ˣ
۾˵С
ܳ𣿡
ҡͷɼ
˼
ʣйӿ֮
鱾ȵ֪ң
ݳ벻֪Ҳˡ
̫ˣˡ޷׼ȷش𡣡
˵޷
취һ£޴Ρһˮһ
⻰ͷһ̾ϧһʱȥǣԴͷ֮ˮɺ󣬲Ƭָֻ̣ԭˡ
ǾͻԴͷ
䣬űӵһ֪˭𣿡
ҡҡͷȻĿȴ¥ݿڿȥҲ֪˭Щƺ
¥ݿˣĿ࣬ϴȻҵʽر£ġ
վ蹰˹֣лйָ̣ף֪ߵغ񣬻ԡ
迴Ȼһʣʹմ
Ԫ硣
֮һ񣬡ˣлùѡ
ڡ


148 
պ, ѧ·켸λµݣһ·糾ͣͷ, ۾ȴľˡ
Ϊ˸ѧ, дɽԺļλķһͬӭӵģȻҲڡ
ѧѾ֪ʼĩ, Щӡ
޺ǺѣλҲǿŸѧ񳤴, ֻʮȥ, ˷ǣ緢׸񲻹٣ȴĺ, ѧ, Ҳ˶ѡ
ˡ
ѧһ·, δҺ㻹ڡԸѧȻһ鲻ƽ
Ըѧε, ֮Ϊƽ֮, ȴֻ˸ѧ֮ûнֶһͬٻؾ
Ҫԭ, ϶֮ǸޣСȻ뽫֮Ϊ, ǧŵռһϯ, ϧԸΥ, תת䣬ĻǸ߼ˡ
ѧѧֻΪԸҸѪʹ˰׷ѣ˾ġ
⻰˵ĺܲҲǸѧڵԹˣֻһ̾Ϸ
ѧû˵ʲôɽԺλһһ֮󣬱㿴裬̲ס̾ԺԶܽһ£裬ʣʲôɵģ
˵·¸ھ塣
Ƕȥˡգգ۾ȡЦ򣬲㶼ûҹɣ
ѧֱ̧ᵯһţǿԼҳӾˣ˵ϡһ˺һ
˭붼Ҫ룬ôûƾ˭Ҳӵӣ㲻ö֮Ҳ뵽䴽Ȼ֣أ
ѧεصݹҪ׼Ķ·춼ȱһˣΰţ
õţͱúܺã˳࣬ǾͿǵʲôʱټˡ
˵Ѿʾ˳ȥҲݸиԼЩȻȴѰڣֻǵԸɽʿңⲿɽԺ档
ӵ˾йģԸһ·⡣
Ǿٺòˣ߰ɡ
*
·иѧκģϣţɷּצƣƪΣͲһ˼´׵ᡣ
ЩϻȻȴһһֵؿȥϴŻЦɼá
ɵӡ
һЦ֮ĿڽеϣͷؽᣬԼԼ
ʵ۾ȻʹӺ迴治ݵԭЩȣȻʱ䣬е˼ӦõӺˣôûἰȻ뵽ڲ¥Ҳпܻݡ
ʹһΪӽʷ򣬱̴࣬ջʵ۶ɣд󳼷׷վӵ״̫ĿԾͱȽϸˡ
Ȼ뵽ԪòԼ֮ԣֵһ
˳۶ܶҴӶ֣ȨƵСôܹӹħƣǸ
*
ѧȻޣȻȣȴǺ̫࣬ɽԺ˳ؽ·
ҵѾϱ֪͢ȹΣֻЩְλȴ޹ϵȻҲ岻֡
˳۾ٻӹˣҲ֪֮زʧԾлسεĹԱЩҲֳ˴
·ͽĵգݳǽļиرˣһƬմ󣬴̨ӣһȦȦʯΧƣ編ʦ̳һ㣬ø
Ȼ֮У˴Ӹټĸиľ񣬱գеʯʶˣ漷ΧȦ
˫̥ԼӺĿһȻĿȴ᳡Ѱҡ
裬˭С˪ʡ
һ
СԿһȦȻһǣ
ᣬ㡣
ûһǧҲа˰١
ʱԪ磬ȻգѧһЩȴ̫עĵط뵽ѧ󷽿ȥϸһңȻˡ
ѽ
˭裬ܲܲҪӣ˫̥Թؿ
룬˵һ䣬߾ȵصɴ۾ļٵģ
.Ųʮ
ǣҪȥ𣿡
°ͣҪȥҵģڡ˵ţֳ̧Ƿ˻ӡ
ԪȻǿˣ˳Լ֣ЦЦͷԻ
ģһҲǡȱһֵˡСֵ
Ŀ΢ΪǶˣһ
·ߵñ·ߣЩѾģȻǶˣȻȴף²ʶֶ֪е˼
Щɽ磬˼¸˴򽻵·ԱǺĵʲôǵʲôϣʲô
۷ֻǿ㣬˵ˣ߲մô⣬·ٱɡ
Ϣ編һԸʵˣǩ֣ȱӡЧֽ·ٱ
Ǻòߣֻʵʩ֮ǰһɹٸ˵㣬ϡͿڣֽ֮ϣô˼֤Ҳʮ㣬ʲôɻ󣬿ɾ
صı·ܿ죬Ȼ˴ų˶ˣҪĻǽ벿ֱǴɻᡣ
ûһ²ؼ߸߹𣬶ԼʿʿǸҵʣϬغ档
·뿴£ǿԺޱҸȫؽ
׻Ưûϵÿ˶޲䣬𣿲ãֻҪ˵Ŀǵģ˵֮ˡٸ¸߸ϵΣӦϷĶԴգ߾ͻ輫İݡ
ΪղҵûеõĴǲȴѧ衣
к֮ƣȫֽʵܱʼ飬޲õһһд
ⳡչʾȻܳɹ
*
Ժѹ·ҲѾлݵȵ֪͢뿪ȻЩҪˡ
ԭ˼ݱɽʿ֮󣬾Ͳκ˵ص͵뿪
Ȼһ뵽Ԫ磬ԸߵһЩ͵˵ڶͱֻ̫ͣһһ
ЩЦȻ̧ʣ߽㣬𣿡
Сǣ˵ˣںͷš
ԪȤȻ߶Ӻ档
;һЪŲŸնˮԪҲ˽СС˪࿴һۣ뿪
һˣڶ࣬ÿһϱ϶ˣûпмҽ뿪һˡ˼һԪȻֱߵǰйӡ
ùӣɰͷԳշԸõһò裬ʲôԵҲЩ
ǣү
ԪѰ˼£ֻСͯߡԪǵСߣҲҸطҲЪЪŰɡ
С߿˿裬Ӧһǣӡ
ùҲȥӺ˲ʡ
ԪףЩҪȥ죬û뵽պйӡ
һȥ
ǡ
ż𣿡
ԪЩ⣬йӣΪдһʣ
żҾͲһ·ˣǲżǵǿһͬС
Ԫˣ΢΢ʹһɫЩ̽йƺͬ
󷽷صͷǰ
ΪΣ
ЦΪ֪£˽Ӻλ£𣿡
ĻԪסˣʣôģ
ţ˵ʹ
ԭˡԪȻĺܴ
۾һ䣬ԽѰɡ
Ԫû̴Ӧ𴽽ǣʣȷ
š
á


149 
Ӻ, ԶĹٵϣһС̯ųʳЩСʵشӵժĹϹ, Լĸ, ˿ʹ棬強һŵ, ô̯ӣֲԶ, Ƿط, Ȼʽ
˳ſڣʲôٶ߼˳ٳЩóԵģ
ȻӺһ, ݶʮµĻҰ, һ·Ÿ, ¶ޣЩڵĳʳ, ζ˱ǵĿ⣬ˮĹϹܲһЩ, ػζĿĵضҪˣҲԼοĶǮ̶ӣЩ档
ٵϵС̯, ⻹ĲֻҪæŽ, ЪŵͬʱܸشϢ, һá
඼Ƿ糾, ȴһЩ̯ţɶֱ־һƤӣȻǰ˲ҧһڣ˻զôأһɣȥ
СӸ̯һӵǮȻЩӣճǣĹҲᡣ
𣿡ҧһڣҰҰͣţǲôˣǲóԡ
˵꣬ѹһǰߣһһףζӣ
СæӦһ̧Уһܹߣⲻ˺һ䣬ŹһʲôΪôԵ𣿡
СָָѵĹٵ˵𣿡
˿ֿ˿ף飿
СƼˣƵôɵϣʲôġ
ǡ
Ȼڵˡ
˭
Сӿ˰֣ôʲôѶߣźãŪˡ
ǡһͷŹͷ⴮ô죿
ˣǳ¡
ǵһ
ٸϲͺˡС˵ȥ

漸߿۵Ķһ飬յӣ˵ôû
ӣͷŸճ̫ˣСүǸ·ûô졣˵СЩˣΪô磬ڳأ
ΪҪҰ˭ڵ
СһʲʲôҰˣ
ЩߣЩģЩίǰͷģ·ϣżһˣһ·ϳϦദ˵˵ЦЦܵĺܣǵȣһ˵ţ¶ŨŨʺǹƨʹߵڶûүװ׵ҾӦøѧһͬȥݣĶǹ˵£
СӣȻˣֻҪǸˣô³˻
᲻Ǹ᣿
᣿һǸᣬ˵ҵģҪ;ϲˣҡ
СӺؿȥӣô
ҡû˵꣬濨ˣ԰ô죿
еģӲģ裿һ뵽ˣ˦˦ͷֲ˵Ķó¡
ӣô죿Сһ˫С۾ģȻաӴһȴһūţүð
Сίţӣⲻ˵𣿡
үٷ磬һһģ˭ȵù潾
鲻С
һѽһӴѣĿ˲׺ݣӣ
СŵһţӡūŴˣ
ֻĥĥȥ֮󣬰鶼ȫǶүҪˣ
Сӣôݵ
ʱԶ죬ֻ࣬߷βĹһһмࡣ
ӣˣˡСĪЩ˷ܣʣ£Ҫȥӭ𣿡
濴ƥԽԽǲɵعü۴ϲЦ⣬ϻүô磬Ϊ˽𣿡
ȻСӸҪǰͼȻͣˡմӳߵС̯ӡ
ǸʲôСӲ⡣
ֻտٵһѳʳЩԵͽ
СӿƵСүǸ˴µ·ˣ˵ţҪŲȻû뵽һӱסˣͷһֻŸҧгݵȥ
СӾȣӣСүѽ
˼»ˣүǰ۾˶̫ãתߣСӸߡ
ǣӣôˣСӸеĪСүĶ»
㿴ʲô𣿡
⣬棬棬ɣţ¿⣬Ӻɫôˣ
ôˣһܳЩ𣿴
СӶʱȻ򣬶԰費Щ֮ǳôʲôԳ϶һˣҡ
үûޱįᡣ
淭һǣֱţ˵ʵܣǾ±мҽÿҲ̫ˡ
ñԣñӵʸûУһ룬͸ӱ
СԶȥƥֵġס
ôˣС˪ʡ
Ǹ˺̶ָָеƥǲǿˣ
ûС˪
䣬мƥ׷ȥʣ
СЩף⣬ʲô˼
С˪ҡҡͷȻóᣬֻ򿪣ʣ㣬ôˣ
ˡ
һϲڵԪȴǾȡ
أ
С˪ˣܵĻͦ졣
趼ɻˣΪʲô
˫̥һ̯֣ͬ㶼֪ô֪𣿡
á
ӣȻоӺسʳԪ磬ЦӺζΣ
Ԫͷ˶ΪӺëѪץʳⶼƫЩСʳɱ·ϵĸóԶˣƺҲ󡣡͸̶ӣֵ̯кȻûнǣǷͿȴѾǰ
Ԫֳ̧ſȺ⴮̲סЦ裬Щڴˡ
һŽѽñ̫ϣ
ΪΣȻ˵֪£ңԪʡ
ô˵ûǡһ̾ˣ滹ãˣ׻𡣡
ţ
ûţûһֻ֣뵱·ˡԪ֣Զɡ
͡Ԫ㱻⴮Ǻһ£۵뾩ǵߵΪˡ
嵭һЦô룬Ͷˡ
*
ƥ۵糸ػص£ڳŵǹأҺúʹƣûҡ
Ȼ˳֮󣬡һס̧㣬ͣ
£Сӿͣ룬ͷ֪ʲô棬Ҳ㣬չʣôˣ
үȥˡ˵̧۾һĨ׹ͷŭȻƾʲôҪүܿҾҪ˾˭Ҹˣ
˰©Сһʵǵ¼֮أ
˶
Сɫأǡ
Ȼ󡭡
Сֶ̧ԼĲĨһ£֪
ͷÿɵҪһĿ⿴ԼСūţʲôأүЩǲǿ̫ˣ
СͷڨЦˡūϷˡ
ߣһȥ裬үͰغֻҪţˡ
Сүȥأ
ĶʱȥүͷһѵҪ̣˵ǾǵʹߣûȤǰ·ϵˣжĸ飿Խ˵Խô£ԼСˡ
Сһ飬¸ô벻ͺˣһСү£͸ɵƵĲ֪˭
ڻƽȵص˳ſڣʱݹĳҲˡ
˫̥ڿˣ̧֣ͣȻ߽汧ȭ¡
ǰλС㣬ˡ

˵ϣմ˳ţҪȴѾߵߣ˰֣ʾһȥ
³ųẰ裬ɡ
߳ǰӢһЦ£þò
ͦõģһ¶ʮûˡЩԹؿ裬˵㲡ˣȷ࣬СһȦ
𣿡ԼȻЦû£һͺá
ţóӺúø㲹˵ţĿӣһ㶼˵ˡ
ûʲôر𣬿һִ˼ֻǰ˵ĸо
Сӣͳ⸱ģȷͷСү»
֪Եɵ˫̥࿴һۣȻɤӣȿȡʲôƣ
֣𣿡
šס֣ͽ˸§뱧ش˳
Ŀڳ棬˵ӻͦ˻棬զģˣ˵һģү𣿡


150 
辪ȵؿ, ֪һ֪ﻹˣ⻰ŵĵ⡣
ɸȫ飬һͷ
費ʵ, ֪˭𣿡
Щ̫ˣһ˿˿ί統Ȼ֪һˣ㻹ͦġ
ˡ費ɵصͷ, ȷ, ô֪
𣿻ᵽӺó³ʳ
һߣͶʼɡ
Ȼȴͷ, ߽û, ȷܵˣȻô֪ó³Сԣ
棺Ȼ¶, ίؿ, ׸Ļ
ЦЦ, ȻˣΪܻʵĲ, ǿСӡ
ԲһȦСڨЦظ, СүΪ
һֺֻס, Ƕ˵Ļҭȥ, ֮ͥ, Դ, Цһǣ
ʱ, űһδ򿪣ϵ˳ʱһУ̧ͷͦһǳɣΪϵؿȥٷ磬ģλȨأһĵȲĳСӣ
£þòԪ̧̧֣
ףȻ֮䣬е졣
ʱͬԪһĽУξҲ߹ȭְ¡
ʶǰ˭֮ͷ裬ԡһ£һֱ˾㳵ϣ
躬Цͷû
ǿһᡣ૵
͡СڱﲻסЦ
ͷһ񣬼˶εǸӺĿô˰ױ֪أ
ѾĿǣʱȻشͷƺݵҵԵ
ûѽҡҡͷЩꡣ
ЩԽͷ͵ĸˣ˻һ·㣬̲ӭ˶£ǾɽʵڲЩ۾ˣôͨһ
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˵ʮ˶ؿһͷ·˶׷￴
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ЩŴСʳæ˹صж£Ȼ˾ͿŷϷһͷͳ˷Ƥ棬Сϣ棬¿⣬Сˡȫһϵջ
ֱĿɿڴ
Ǳ⣬ҲÿԳԳԡȻһû£üãΪ󷽣ȥɶɶ
˫̥İ棬Щ裬λڸʲô
ҡҡͷһ̾ȻԪ磬û˵ɣ
ԪСҲһСϣͱĪһ¿ĽɵЦʣ˵һȥθճ֮龰
轫ǵݹȥһ룬һ³ӭһǻ¸֮
˳ǣҲ̫Ϸˣ
ȻԪȴӹ˵ͷʵˣáҼȻѾӺˣʹ˷ֱ£裬ռ
Ԫ֣ռ
˱ػһϧ֮棬Ͷٵ֪Ȼȴһ˿⣬һ̾
ǵ·ϣ£ʣ裬ôһ
轫ʼĩԼԼĲ²˵һ顣
һⶼܷ֣
ҲǻԵɺϣôΪ
泶˳ǣȻ㻹֪ˣһڣĲ֪̣˶ٸСе˾Ȼ˵غ϶Ѿʧˡ˵꣬裬ڰ£
ҡҡͷڽѡ
ִཻ̫ѣü裬ˣ֮ǰ൥ҲǸĴ
͸һ
ֻ֪ڽѡЦ££ȥӺİԻ͡
˼۾һڴʣԣҪ𣿡
бȥ±
һ깫˵ˣʱԹ١
Ƥֺˡ
Ƥô׷ϱЩͷģûûƤܱ˹飬񶼱ҪȻһۣŰŰģûҪûҪ
Ժû
迴棬°ͣи⡣
ţ
ΪʲôѸĳʳ͸ȱˡ
һ㶣
ҶˣϹǡ¿⡢Ƥ桭ЩܳԵģ⴮࣬٣Ӧƽʱǳȥֵϰߣܳڣԡɳĳʳţȣ۶֭һͱЩóԣȴûЩ֮һҵģԲԣ
ڨЦ㶼ˣ
۾һ˲˲ؿ棬˵ЩΣڳһϣǼҵֺȻܻسΪʲôŹ˵ֹ˵ԭò˼˵
棺ͷʱһ亹
Ԫ磬û֮ǰƺе⣬ɼ֮ȴʧˡȻɻ󣬵ĿƶӴչ͸۾·ܹ͸ģ£˵ʲôأҳ֮˺֮ĸҧ
Žߵˣ治ʿˮ裬۲ϸ̫ˣɵһ㡣
ҵ߸磬һϸ𶯡һ仰ĲˣͿ
ǼҪʱȴȻͣ£üëһԣʵ
Ҫ˵۾ôģͨͨƺе̼һһǰܣһߡ
գ۾ţңҸһ
ƮƮȥ۾˲һֱʲô
һЦ㵹˵ѽ
ǣЦ硣
Ҿ
ðɣʲôΪ㿴ˣһڴף׼
裺ĬĬ󳷣ãЩһѾȻҲôµģδҲ̫ˣһĴ𰸣ϧ˵˻ô
ɫһһףƺ֪ô۵ӣһⲻָܹ硣
ţ
裬˵ң⣬ĸôùͬһ·ǸóԵģ綼ûҶʲô˼֪ģ㡭˵ίˡ
跴ʵҲ˵𣬸᣿
ɲҵõ𣿡
бõģ
ǰף⻰ʱסˣ֮Ȳǰ˴գһ˫۾ֱضǰ꣬裬˵ɶ
ĿƮ˳ϣĵбõ𣿡
ûˣãû˭Ҹϲˣնػش𣬽ʣ裬Ҳôã𣿡
迴˷ܵı飬˹͵͵Ӧһš
̫ˣ裬ãģ̫ˣܷӵĿռޣԭأ裬Ҫ𣿡

˵ģҸĻҽ
ǿȥ
ڴ
һ裬üëһҪ£ôҵģܱߣ
棺ʯͷѵһҵԼĽţеʹҡ
ߡ
ͣͷСӵСү£ǰ깫ˡ
裬ˣռ
ʦʺãȰٺãұȥʽʦ
һЦˣá
˵žҪȻȴסˣȵȡ
ʲôδ䣬ȴҲ˵Ϊ豧ס
ҪӦʱһӵܿͷſˡ
衭
ñط꣬ӵһ£𼤶˵ţƿ˳ᣬ£롣
ؿ˵Ĳǽ
߰ҽǾͳˡ޹˵
ջʲôҲû˵κʧ̬˫̥̫ƵĿ£Լ˰֣ﳤȥ
Ȼ
£ȥĶǸ򰡣Сš
Ϣ͵Цһ𴽽ǵ߰ɣؼҡ


151 
мҳһ, ǿɱһ󽫾ļġ
깫˵ھټһ˳¶ѾɳŹأԼѧ·, м˾Ȼڡ
΢΢һ˫̥ȴѾȾôҲӺ
Ҳڣ
깫ʮ䣬Ȼ񻪹, ͬɳŹһ, ƾг磬ǷִȻ񻪹زɳŹֱūмҴиΪ֪ʱпػɳŹأֱһս
ǹ, ˵ֻǿһ, ˽ʿҲмְصġ
ô£
ʱ, 깫, мҽ˳һԲ, ϧ¶ɺѧڣ֮, ؾǵõȵꡣ
̲ססĸ׵, гͷ
游ôˣ
ūý˰ɡ⻰Ǵ˵ġ
һ, гǷ׷׾ȵؿ, 깫¶, ⶼ֪
µġ˵
δѩƲƲ, , µܲô׼ȷ
ϡЩݸô󶯾ܹע߹أ
ʧЦҡͷðɣʵ·ϣ˾ʹ
أ
ҡͷϻֻǵһ뾩һҪĻ߽ȶһӦǸ󽫾ʿġ˵깫Ҳǡɲŷ֣游ͽѾ׼
̽ӵĹͣһ̾
˫̥ıӸӣѾԪݣΪʲôǾû뵽
Ȼ黹Ҫġ
Ǯɵһ䣬Թô飬裬һ壬ǲǵô޵֣
ǿ϶ģôá
Щ˼ǣˡ
Ȼʱ쬵һ䣬ٴʲôãǸɵһһͷԽȥ𣿡
߽ãϬ治ǹùã
깫Ƶתͷݣ˵˭
ݵƳһۣȻԼڼʶˣȴ³ɲǸͷβĴɵ𣿡
裺ؿֱӱһۡ
깫ȴڰֵôͻȻ˵ȥˣˡ˵⺢Ӷãûջ񡣡
ǰжӣҵĶӣ֪ܲο
裺ڶ۵
ȿȡ߽öʱһûȹƵģǺ
ֺõգգ۾ݻһ׿㶼ҪˣӰɡ
ĵϻȥ𣿡
̷ϵɻ󣬡ȥʲôѽò׻Ȼˡ
ЦЦĿ᣺ԡ
*
߹һһĽ֣ᳵ·صһۡſڣСҪǰţϴһˣŹү
Ѱȥչشչһ
Ϊɶ
ү˵˵꣬˹Ͻˡ
Сͷ棬£ɶ˼
߸ߵΧǽΡĹţһ̾ү֪ضԶɶ˼ˣ
*
ڶգԪһɫ̫ĲµĻ֪ݶӺ¹Աӭӡ
վּ
˳۶ӵĲ¶֪ȻᵽӺʺĵطʥּȻҲûʲôû޷ĹȰĩβֻ˿ЧȻʹ͡
Ѿ㹻ӺµĹԱӯˡ
ʥּ֮磬˾ʹһ緹ڿ˸ݣȻйоصɢᡣ
˿̣ͱֶСӵʥּ̯ϣ֪ʥּ֮󣬲ɵЦЦϣϦҹ񣬻ϹȻʹ͡
͡ؿ棬˹ֵأˡ
ǰѻɽҰ붼ˣûµʱǿȥΰҰݣȺ磬ŰµĸãءͣζǲǸ߿ˣΪڹǾ
һضǳǳأʳأ˳ȴֱӻ磬ӺӺЩʮ¶̵ĻĵعٵҲˡ
˿ûӣȴͷĹٵվκι±Ӧó͢ǮɵģԺԼ£Ǯ
⻰費¶Ź֣ѵ㲻Դڹ˵Īף٣ôТ˳
ͷ޷ô˵ôҲǰ׹꣡
Ŷհ׵ڹꡣ
֪ŲʧЦĪȷᵽТˣȻͲʹͣ𷣡
ŵͷͦ˵ģ͡
°ͣȻʣЩٵʵѾˣҪҪޣ
ޡһҲûԥ
վأ
衣
˼Ǯ
һЦʻҪ
ŶתͷͿ֪𣿡
֪ҡͷᣬԴӺĸ˰ϻӦġ
Ӻ˰˼˼¬ɽڵʱûôǸ͢˵
ڵӺһˡش𣬡Ҫ£Ԫ֣ƱҪչʾӺĸ˶ٵһ棬ȥȻҲһһʮ档
Ӻ֮ǰëѪ֮أҵòСڳּ͢ģܺţʳ͢ҪѾܺˣĶ˰Īñ߾
ͣûӺüȮʱ˳ɻŹ͢ңʧܵԴͷѹٶӶĹ֡
ͶȻǰбȻߡ֪
ˣ˰һˣûûˣ޹ܵԺӺĵطͳǱĵ̣ҲͿפˡӺ󣬴ܱ߻ҰȻǻҰһ̴ˣפҲܸ
ӺֻǧһӺǣڣܷһټɽҰУĿٳһЩЩģ
뵽һЦȻûȥ˻ôСǳ
Ƕ֮֮λȴǳݴǾ԰ɾ裬ȴʬ壬˳ڵҹŭ֮󣬱㲻׷·Ѿ£;ڳվȵϵȨҲûжһһ˳ϲĶӡ
ǣԽˣʥĶҲԽ죬ͳĻᡣ
ʿһУȻ͡
ǵ־ɾɵʥּڵõӦеĹСȥ˹
ֵһ裬֪ϲĲҶ¶ʲôĲҶ㣬ԶسӺҲǮӽϹ
ԼţĵĻΨ˵ĳʳϲüǵ֪裬豻ȰˮԼһ𣬻سǱҩζٵͷ
Ɑ豻ǰһ°ڹ֮ϣŶ֪
ϸָ˲յ࣬߸߾ȵؽ˵ݵ֪ǰ֣صʦѧĽ̻壬ʸϲѱһյ辴ϣ󳣰࣬ա
֪յ裬Ŀ
ǰԶ˶Ȼվڰٹ֮ǰɾڸơȻȴճ
Ե֧ţ°յάǷݿǣֻж۰һ˿ο壬˵ʲôһֱƽԩ֮վ֮ϣ뿪ʱ
ɴʱĻ·֮м϶һݼΪһȻû뵽컹һͽܣǣ
ǰ̫˻ţʵֲ·ʦڤڤ֮з·ԤУ·УҪš
Źǰ߾Ųյ裬һʱ֮䲨Ҳ˵
㱾԰ɽʿΪʦһ̾
ݷһУ֪Ѿ֪ɽʿݣӺԶأ͢мӣʵǸɶõĺʦΪ͸λߡ
ǻˡ
ʿãҸϲЦݺͬ⣬ڻǿѾӲʯġ
á֪ӹ˲裬һڣǳ޵ڸ¶һϲõЦݡ
ˡϵֽӵϷ𣬻ͷ֪Ժǿɶһˡ
۸
⻰˵ģҴ򲻻ڣ۸һࡣ
滰䣬һͬЦ


152 Сæ
Ԫһ, ˵ҪΪɳŹ, ò˳ۣӺ˶ʱ䡣
⣬ǵߵ̫࣬ʹӺ˶ӣʲô, Ҳͬ磬ҲûҪ, Ūɳ׾һ·ͬеĥ
ԪԼȥ, Լȥѡ
ҹһ磬, ֻøһСߡǼ᲻ںţҲܣһ, ׼ԹԵ
յǲƭ˵, Ӻ̶ǲᡣ
ֻǸһ, Ȼסˣ˵ջǸ߹, ҲϹһѿġ
ֻߵС̫һЦеش, һùӡ
Ԫ˳Сӵָʾһ, һ, Ϊ費ֵ¶һѰζЦôҪӼ·𣿡
Сһڨڨֵм£æ
Ԫϵı΢䣬æ
ǣ¾ڳϣƲСӹ
ģһʲôǵС̫࣬ڶ̶һڳΪִʴ֮࣬ǰε棬Ҳܻڳ˵ĵطĥһݳ˲ļƣԪҲͬ
ʱ˿̣Ϥ
ó迪ʼгú󹬵צǰͺ̵ӴЩĿŵ磬ƱЩȨѹִ˱Ƚ١еıһ֮͵СæȴԶڴ˵Ļ¸ֵľͱȽ϶ˡ
ԾͶΪλҲ⡣
ԪЦЦ忡ɴһ󣬿ĿȴһݿЦ
һģ
ϾԪѾǸɫͷʲôǸС뿴λܸʲôϣʲôջؾǰɡ
Ԫ֮СӾͶµСߵ
Сһ㶣ҡͷҼҹӡ
СЦЦùҪȥһط㲻һȥź򣿡
Сؿ
ϽģҼҵеżɡ
*
ϣԪ˼תȻ˵Ӽҳأ֪ʲôæ԰ĵ£˵޷
򵥡֮Ͷѡ
Ԫһͣ˵Ȼˣװ´ͽ̡
һ֪ˡ˵ţԸһ
ɴ࿿ڳϣ룬ִһԵ嶷һɹ𣿡
Ԫ翴ͷɻأĿⲻɵǰɹϣ˵ѵ棿
˼Ȼӹ򿪣ֻѸɡСҡӡ廨ŵ죬ʲôֵĵط
濴ԪЩеӺѸɱȽǵĴϲԡ
Ѹɣ
Ԫһŷŵֲɫɹ沦ҳʲô䱦֮ġ
ССһɹܲʲô˷һͷʲôҲûȻ̧ͷ˵²ˣֱ˵޷⳵Ҳ
һԪС֪ʲôڱ˰ɣƧģûôƸ¸㣬ҲҼ趪ſģһɹԾͳԡ
Ԫüͷһ壬ɻ
˵䣬ͣˡ
ӿ˿˵ˡ
*
ԪЩ͵شСվڴǰֻ깫ĸõҶ֮ϣɵػͷ˿һֵĹսĢֶֻ́˹һеģ
ӣС߿Ԫͷȥɡ
Сǰš
һŴ򿪣ŷʻŹһȻȥ
깫佫񻰣оһ˵ʵԪ綼̹Ȼ߽깫ȴʶؾнһ㼤
깫񻪹ؽӺûйϵȻ͢ʹҲ޹ء
óȻãԪλүãϾԼֻǸ̫࣬ߵһλ󽫾˵۾һ֡
ֱ߽ۡ뻨֮УԪʶôĹ깫
Сæ
ˡ
ҸߵʱſڴŲֻ˽Ŷ˶Ц裬óȻĪҪ֡
Ԫ֡һ񣬡ѣм֣ϧ游ѾЪˣ´ΪԪ
깫ģϣҲ̫ʧ񣬲깫Ͽ֣
ĻԪһҵͻǧҪ˼ңġ
貢⣬ҲǡԪĴ磬ԪҪ伯𣿡
Ԫ˵ͷ뵽æʣէ֪δȥӺֻһѣɷ㣿
һ仰ǹûʣһüëɫЦȻԣһѡԸĳյȥͬ˵һ㾩ͳȥߡ
ǡ
*
Ԫվ깫ſڣҹ紵˴ŴĻ㱡
Ԫ֣أһʣ㣬ȻԱͨߣѲĸȥ
ԪعĿⲻɵֽǿȥֻСԴ֣һģ
ѽ£ӣǾ̾䣬ȴһҲ⡣
Ԫһ֪̾ԼΪʲôʹ治ŵôһˣɼȻӦˣǵһ䣬裬㲻ǸΪʲôţҰæ
ָһЦΪ˳깫емˡ
Ԫһ㶣Ǹʲôĵ﷨
ûнֻͣǳǹսŬŬ죬Ȼһ̣߰ɡ
裬˲Ц¶˰˿ÿݶдŸˣڴ֮ǰ
ֵܣлˡĲظԪ繰˹֣ŵҪȥĶһ̡
ԣԪЩ΢ʣԣµæֻ
Ȼػش𣬡ȻΪɶ
Ʊ̣ͷҲûôԪӦôһôû̫ʧǲ֪Ϊʲôͷ˹ӲŵıС
ԪԴӳִ̫֮󣬳˻ʵۣѾûʲô˸ôˡ
裬裬ӺҲ졣
֪⣬ǾһɣӺĵطˡ
ͣЩԾȵȣԪæ㻹ߣ
Ԫᵧ˵䣬ӼҰ£Сһɹ򷢣ûţ˵Ӽ裬Ȼýȱͻ
һ仰ˣ
һףȻߣϳֱӽһԡ
ʲô濴Я߽˶Ȧˡ
£ҪҪҲȥСһС
úһϲȥ²òױ૵үǡˣ
Сӵ˵ͷӦýаʯͷҽš
*
бУȻЩʧվܸһҲ
ԣӺóԺĵط˲죬Ϥ
ÿ̯ӵɫָƣطǳף򵼣źҲԺֵغܿġ
ϾȻҲôˣԪŴǰߣ𣿡
ش𣬡̶ڶ࣬Ӻʱ䲻̫ãһҪ⣬ֻϲлԺ֣ܵøǽǮȥҲӺİն׬Щӡ
˰Ҳܿ͹ۡԪ̯ҲܿģȻ˰
ףȻٸͰ˫Ӯ֮١
˵ţһǰ߹ģѲӡ
Ԫ翴п߹֮أ˺˳˻ӣһֱ˵򣬲̫ȣû뵽ˣЩεĹڸͬһˣӢɣܴŵӿ
翪ɼһߡ
ԪȻûղ΢˽õ£úЩպûϵЦҲǿ⹴СͭǮʵʵֱˡ
˵ͳƷͽ׼֮𣿡
ŶЩȻǡ
δ䣬һȴվסʣһǰ汼ܵǰ
С˪С߷ɳ۶һ֣ͬס
ͨȻˡ


153 ٻ
ٵҵչ벻õΰ
ӺΪ͢ϲ֮, ͷ̾Ͳ٣ڵشȥ鷸֮Ҳۼ
żһڵʱ, ǧ˽ܴһֱЩɱ˲գ۵ͽжɽһķ˻żųն˳ϯһҲγЩ˽Ҳɾ޴
ݱչٸ·칲ͬЭղ˿ںͻ, µĺڻͨһʱ, Բᵽ˻ʤͷϡУ֪ݶ̲סοʵĲƷʵǼ, ˫䣬նɵն, ľ񶼿Ϳˡ
ڣٸĲиŬӺѾһԲ֮ǻ©֮㡭
СһѰγѩ.ǹ, Ѿͷ, Ҳ֪Ӽѡ
С˪һ̧, Сܱһֽ̯һͨ, һȻΪ°һ, ֪ͨٸ, ߣ
һԿЩ, ׳ˣܿó˭˭
Ͳ֪˰ɣ£Ǹ缸Ѿ׷쵰üˣͬѾץסһֱͷ¶βɻǶʶ߲֪ʱ˼λ꣬ЦЦؿȻŶĴĴָ˪㣬㣬
ԪЩ˺İһԵ費ô
ЩǱˣǺò裬Ϊѧþʹ˹رգӴɽຣнѣȴջǱ͵ӺĽһģıûУһͿΨҴѧģ
Щּãɱ˲գ۵ķͽͨٱԸˣջǿȺ£ͷĴ˫̥
ԪĽͣʱȻͬʱҲֱ̧һڳӢۡ
ǰ˰֣һ˼ʵҲץ˵ģ˪ǳԷǼС
԰Եһ룬պÿһǾ׷ˡ
˵ºͷӡ
˵䣬ѲߵŶǷͽץߡ˫̥ڳ߹һ棬ʱһü˫ֱصôĵӰôҳ
ƤֱһָԪǸɺϣϽ飬պÿλУԲŴһġ
˵Ѳݸ壬֮ǰ׼Ӳأ
Ԫ翴˿裬λЦһ̹Ȼһ˫峺дϣƺҲѾᳵˣҲûʵλ˼Ҫ뿪Ӻ𣿡
ԣС˪ɫЩصص˵ͷҪɳŹء
ɳŹصĽɳŹصĹ
ūһӵмˣ㲻ɳŹأԭϵһϢҲܸ֪
ɳŹص죬ûѿемҹͷūζҪһˮģȥ꺮ϯԭʣ޼ĴϣѴ˳ĶҲ¶ǵצ
յʳ˵أͷ켯жʿʼ̤Ե㡣
̫á
Ҳ˳ԪǰɳŹصԭĵһ̱ӮмȾָȨҲˣ˳û깫һֿܹū
ԪмҲãҲգҲ˳۵⡣
깫սպգùص³񻪹أٹ㲩ؽҲԹߵģȻԪЩĻмҲϹۣ߾ȫɳŹؽֵū
ЩӺ׷Ľڴ˿뿪Ӻǰ֧Ԯ깫̬ȡ
һ˲䣬ԪˣھǻʹīڵȾʴĺȻ˼嵴һ£Ƶĺ¶ĺɫ
ɺϣǱĵİţԪãһ˵ֵ֮ˡ
ӺֻգȻǰɳŹأһյ㡣
Ԫ翴ǰе裬ջʳеɻ󣺡ṳ̄ɳŹأ깫Ǹ𣿡
ʧЦǵ˰
Ȩ֮£Σ˻Ĵˣ
Ԫ磬мҵǳһջмҾûˡ·ܿɳǸ߸ߴĳźĳǣһգǻȥġ
ԪĿȥҲЦˣԼ̽βѣԲס裬ھǵ㡣
ãһ·˳硣
˵ˣͷˣϽߡһ˴ߣ޲ýճĹϽߡ
ԪĿϣ߳һЦһĵĿǵ߱ҸС˼ûȱؾͲˡ
Ԫһ裬ȴȻ²ϡӼҲͲȤˡ
˰֣ʾ⡣
*
Ԫ뿪պмˣ裬ǰ񻪹ء
һºū£ɳŹء
عؿ£նɱǧƹǵūڼӪӦ֮£ūϻزԭ
˲ᣬȴջסˡ
ݱؾǣһƬܡ
˳۵İϲɫΣ;̳У̴˳ǧӢ䡣
ҹϯ
Ⱦƺ˳ۣãͻú˵Ȼĥ˵Ļȴһȱ
Ԫ͹ˣ̵ڣò׽ˣƽһʹ˽̣ȻŸֱһ˻ȥ
һȫսȴҾܾϽƺá
մݣȻãԪˡ
Ȼ˵࣬ûʲô飬Ԫ绹л¡вԸ⣬ֻô۾״
˳ҲֻԼйһ̾Ϣ˵ʲôʱؾ
Ԫһ̧ͷ˳ۣһ˫ЦЦ۾
ҡҡͷ
ԪӺû˵ʲôô˵֮ɣ
ūǣ͢Ԫؾ֮󣬳й»ţ˳Ҳûжʣ˭뵽ʱԪ޷֮ʱ
ūŲ޶ԣֻһٽӷ硣
𣬲˵Ӻ𣿡ĵĻǵƻȴ޶۾
ԪΪ꣬ĵ
ūǰӺ·żһλӣǶˣԡ׽һЩ¾κ죡
ڵϣϻĺۼϣ
˳۶һЦˣ˷Ԫαؽţ޲һ԰ˣ֮ˣҪ׽Ҳġ϶ߣغﲻҲճ𣿡
ʵʲô֪Ԫ·ʱ˵Ļ˵ʲôæˣ΢һ¾Ǽյ⡣
Ԫһ˳ۣͷūûУǶ»Ǿ£ūŶҵҲ֪ݣκζ£һٽӷ磬ūŶԣ֪˭ūţūšؽͣѾˣúܣȴ޶˾һ亹
ˣˣԪ̫ˣ޲ЦˣǹƢҲȷ˶ϻ޶Ըֺãοأ˳۽һֵĺһͣٿȻ
Ԫίлϡ
ǹӣм˰ɡ
ǡ
˵Ǹ֮ģСһЩ
Ԫ׵Ͽ۾˿̱ü䣬ĬһȻҧҧǺӵȷܴɲһţδ̫Թʵ
˻ʵϵ·Ʊɵˣû֪ѹֲ˵ķŭս˳Ϊʲôôʡ
֮˾ˣǵøԼҸڣҲ֪˭ܳ˳˵˵ţûȤζԪһ
黢ʵ۱ϻˡ
Ԫɿ֣ͷϣҪ˽̣
˳ذ˰֣ȥɡ
Ԫ˼ѣˣȻδ߳޵һõ
Ԫּؾ
Ԫ绹δֱһ𾪵ǣֱӻͷϵĵ
ʱ꣬Ӻʱõٻ
ްǳСˡһ̾Ϣ·һλĺĸ˼ԶεӣС
ȻԪ֪ⶼǼٵģǶͣĳ͢ìͷָǶ;


154 
ɾ, Ϲڵ԰ڳϦҹ֮󣬵ûȥʹȻһ, ֮Ȩ, ӢҲʥݵ
͢ϣɱ֪ҵ, ˸֮ӽ˾˾֮, λ׸Ҳ޼, bﶼõ϶ԽԽ, ȥδ, ˵ǡ
֪֮, Ŷ˾˾·б˽, һϵ˶󣬲еڶɽʿᡣ
ڶǰ, Եһɽ亣ζ, ܶĵòȻʿ̬ĺ, īҲǳһס
ȴʣû, ͵ŶСƵĶ̬
ĸ˾˾ĹԱ֮, ˾Բ, ɱͷ, ๡, ͷµ滻, ׼ֵ𰡣˵ڳ㣿
, ʿװȥˡ
е£ĹúãλֻԶʧܣ¹ϧȻڻǰԴٶӣٶˣкô
в
ҡͷ£ʵûôף֮У¹ٲһͽˡ
ݣֵǼ̫ǣȻңɱѹǣ˭ĳǸҲл˵
˵еԽԽ䣬ȥЩľȻ£¹˵ĺԱֻἤԹͬԾĹʱͷö˵ĻǱˡ
Цһ˵Ǹ԰㹻ӦʣΪ塣
ҡͷأ
ߣһЦǾñ̫ˣһһĻӣ˭ǵУ㵱֪нգǱЯȫҶ޳ǽأ
£
Ҳڳһ˽ģмҵʮûǰɣ
е¶ѿ
ʱȻһ˼Ҵҵܽ£ˡ
ʲô£
»ؾ
һ˲䣬תУһ̾£ѡĲֻ;
ּ𾪳Ұʣ̽ʵӣ֮ʥּıǶĲ
Ƿگؾô˳۾ͲٰһԣǵĶӲŲʣȻҪõġ
еĿǷǰӺʥּ²龩֮󣬳÷ƱãҲЩ˼֮ˣѾʼƻһ
һȥ£ǶǾ㹻Ӧܵܵ׼
Ȼ
ؾּ̫ڴ֮ϣϣ¡ܲگ
ɲǼ䣬гıͳһɻ󣬷·Լˡͬϵĵûлعغһ£ɵص˵һ顣
ϣ²Ը龩
ˣˣԸľͶʶ˶棬ӶԷ￴𾪡
龩
̫Цˣ
Ƿ𣿡ôõĻᡭ
˳۵ּⲢֻ٣룬ŵŵԸλֳͥȨ
Ȼع̫ʣ˵ʲô
己ľǲԸأȴԸǱСأʲôë
Ļ˳Ҳ۾֮Ŀϣ̫ӻͳһӣʵͷֻūһ䣬Ͽɻǵõ뾩֮ʱ˵Ļ
غ˵ڣȡǷӡ
˳סˣü˼롣
ǿСӹڱĵשϣϥˣǼȴֱ֮ͦ佣ţᶨü£ĵ³ŭ𡪡ǾͰұȥʲôʱѩҾʲôʱؾ
Ǿ仰˳һֱΪһ仰ȴû룬ʲôɵĳСӣȴͷϡ
ϡغػһȻǷӡ
žĴţеĿⶼŵĶܴǷ￴֢ԭ
Ȼֻ˰޽ϱٵ֮⣬ʲôͶûС
Ǿ仰ԼǵãҲõüǵá
˳۱۾³һΪȴͻȻЦã֡
һ仰֮󣬶ּ֮⣬κۣӣȴڸֻһ׼
ͷּ
˳
*
뾩֮ӵе֪ǲܵģиһ֪غٵҲй¶
ԣ˶ڲ²仰ڵؿּ˳۶ŭ³ͷ׼ۡ
ȻݵڸУͲʲôҪܵĶ˰޹ٵ
Ѳǹطֲ˼񣬶ԾǺκ뷨վڻʹĸװѹͷѨ
ʹ۾£ˣЦһôܡ
ĸ˼ǡ
Ҷˡʹ̧һڣˣСᡣ˿ϵӣ
ǳһյ裬Ȼ¡
Ų裬ûȣʵʲô
ΪӺǻһ֮±ģǳСԼѡġ
üĸ˵ǹǼƵʣЩܳȥ
ʹ˵ͷҲӣվסĻӲ࣬ôᵽֻɳصĵط
Ӻѡʲô
깫
ԣһ裬תʧЦ깫񶼶˱Ȩū󽫾ɳŹ⣬Ұ¶ڳ깫ڶǾԲٽȨȥˡ
ʹ˵ôҪôСʧ㣬Ҫôд㡣˵ŻվɫأķǾ仰
һҲ֪𣿡
ʹҡҡͷʹغû˵
϶ôôҲ˵
ʹĿģ·һɰӿ⻰йء
ĸ
ƺˣΣ
һ٣
ҵλ㣬治ʲôԶңôߡĿᣬҿȴ}˵ĺܡʹ۾Ĵૣˡ
ǿԻ͵Ӣյģȴ޶һɭɭĿɲУûʹʶرסԼ·СŮ
ǰһסʱСֻ֪ͯһҹ֮䣬˵ֻҪ»ӾܵϺλĹﱻ乬λ緢״Ԫԡ֮ܿԾʹʼϴʱй˱˾ߣҲزˡ
һжܴæ
ʱ򵽵׷ʲô̲סʵ
ȻʹûлشƺҲоκůԹԵһţĿȴ͸˴ɹķ򣬷׵ϴһ˿£һ䣬Ŷ㶼ˣô᲻ȥأ
*
جΡ
֪Ǿ仰̫ħ˵ЦڼжѾģˣȴ޶˵شУվǰһ򡱡
ɲǼȫѪҺ·һȱˮ㣬Ϣ
˳͵۾ִȫ·մˮʪˡ
Ѿ΢صĹ͸ֲ̧ʣֻֻʨ׷̽¯ϸ̣ɢڿС
ˣ
˳ɤһԪŶ룬ϡ
˳ۿ΢۾ʣκأ
Ԫ΢㶣ûҶԣ̵ūκ̡˳ûзԣȥˡ
κܳܽϣūˡ
ֻ¯ȥһ顣˳ۿڴͷ۾ָǲԶ¯ӡ
κ㵵ؿȻصصͷϷġ
*
Ӻ
Ӻɫǰ棬ڣһ˶ѩһڿͷһֻʣ֭ˮкŶ
ϲζ
Ϊ˷㣬ɴѰһ«ˣ棬һһźȡ
ɶʳ깫ݿţһҲͳڣ˾ͺضˡ
ֻܲסǵС޼ɵÿҲֻܳһһһ
һڣ«˳Ŀ濴ŵһƳüר־͵͵ϣһȥ
ϧŸһֻ־Ͱһסţü裬ĸô˵ţʿɶֹ
۾ûһץľȸУü𣬡ſˡ
ǻˣʶؾ֣զȹһ綼û
Ŷˣ
嵭һ仰ʮ춼Ͳ壬ûУûУ˵ģʲô޹ǡ
ʲôôдֱһ̣̹«һ壬пһúȡ
ʮѷĹûʲôȤĿҲֻϡ
壬ٽҲ߲һأֻ棬ڶʱˡ
һ˳͸֮ͷһˮ©Ȼɵʱ󶼱ȲΪ˶һֻ棬ĻֶȫкˡΪ˲潫ֱһ䣬˵ʲôôء
ע̾ͱϣĵһֻһֻɣզģ
ճʳѷѵϲģóԣҲ̫˵һͿɴ۱Ȩû˵جΡ
جΣ
泶һЦŵݸ裬ţʹоˣھֱúùˣ֡
ˣɣ
ʮꡣ
迴ţ̧̧ϵֽʣˣ
˵ͷš
𣿡
ҡͷˣһȸ˵ңҲûô󹬡
ʱգӰ룬⻰ԣҲʦģôֻС
ײβ棬˼ͨ󡣡
үôȻ⡣
һ϶ʱ䲻뾩ˡ
˳۵ĶУȻ뵽ʮǰ£ֻеľˡ
ʹΪף޲ȻԾĹ;Ҳûôڵǰˣôֻˣ˵ж˹ְ峤֮λĳ
˳۶ҴֲǴĻǣǽžƾǰͲסĵ׵ħŶ֣ºڸҲҴææ
үȻʱŶӵʬŮҵѧ§ģʲôû˵ֻУݺº᲻Σ˳۸ԼһѾ֪ࡣ
ֻǳǰһʩѹ֮£ٶĻҲ˵壬һ֮
ĸ
үΨһܹӽ⿪ʵֻ档
ôһͽò׶Զڴ֮ĥˣ˳ΪҲвһš
ٲС
ô˵Ǻ潫ҿӲˡ滰ô˵ţȴһҲûзŭ֮⣬Ŀ⿴轫Ŵ̿վ
ѵʱؾ޺ô
ȷˣͶûĥ˳۶ǵϲãҲûöоѣƵɽˮĵزŻʶ龩޷ΪһԼˣʲô˼
Ȼ˶Բ棬ǵӲκε֮꣬ɱĸɱ֮ǾǸЦ
һλүʵϾͻᱻǽݸˡ
ԣҡ
ǾѲ񣬵ԽڸǵʵԽҪһ֡ɹ֮£Ҫ취ô¡סóء
Цλĸκ˿磬õùˡ


155 Ѻ
ʵ˺ü޵ج, ƶһʮˣݱöģ, ȴһαһ, ͷʹѣηޣԪ綼Ը
ﶼΪԪҪʧʱ, ֻ̫ҽԺ¯ڷ˵㶫ʱѪһһζ
һ˾ùˣɹиǱϴһƬ, ͬ, лᴥϵĶûӹ
Ȼ, аִƺһӦĻʹ׵塣
˾֮, ĲǴɹе̫, ǲ֮ѾһһԾҲ²κεĻ
ʹڱĵשϣһյĽűߣķƬʱȹСһѪۡţŮĻʹü¶һĨʹ, ., ֻɵ, ȴ֮ŭȥ
йһͨ˳, ɫ, ˵ضŻʹʣ㻹ǵõô˵ģ
ô˵ģ
赣ǣһн檣ô»֪
ΪƽƽйԾλ򰲸ˣԭϳ֮Ů丸ү飬һ̫ƽ
֪𣿡⿿һжεͷʲô֮бȻǣһ
˳ޱ飬Ŀȴ̹ǣŮƺһֶûУƽյĳ谮̻Ӱһʧˡ
ʹصҧгݣڻ̧ͷϣ檸ұ֤ʱȫ˿ڣԲ©֮㣬ǡ󲮻š
˳һһ߹£˵Ƥ¶ֽţ
ᣬҲδŭԽˣԽΣգʹֻͷһѿĵ˵һ仰һ̾ͻᵶ
ִƺ󹬣ȴ˳룬ⲻʲô
ʣϡָ̲ס鶯һ£ƺҪסǰƵ½ǣϣ!
˳ɲǼ·𱻲ʹŭһ
ȻʹȴͷϣԽӹܺһֱҵҵҹΣش󣬸֪ģ󲮶ǸˣһδĻҪںֽţʵ׾٣

˳۲ûܣȻһ뵽뾩֮ǰ֮Ъ˹Ķţֶҡ
˳۴ԸɣӲˣǵԼ߰˸ȥ²˶
֪һУΪλҪܳǣѵֺŻ⺢Ը棬˵һ䶥ײʮ䣬ȥӺǲϻһĺӣΪĸƽ˼ֶӳ˳۶Ŀ
֪ȴһ֪⣬еĳ޶ǳŹ;ȥġһݳԹޣԹΪĸƽԩ
˳۵Ŀһλص˻ʹϣ粻ɫ˴Ŀġ
¯أ˿Ϊ֮
˾󶯸ɸ겻գˮʯ֮˷׷Ծ޺·Ϊѵ¡
ΪʲôƫƫʱһȥӺ꣬Ǳ޿ɱܵ񣬾ϴһ£͸񣬶һڹ˵Ȼڵ˼ؾ֮ʱоͳ飬һڻʵ۵УûвУ˳ӦҲӡ
˭Ŀģ
棿
뵽˳ۺȻʣ˵̫Ļ𣿡
һûʹͫһϣ
ô꣬޵͸һ伣
˳ΪȣѾʥּ׷ϿȻٶ̫ʲô
ȻϾһɥŮ裬Ҳ̫ܲ˽Ҵ£´ҡ˳۲֪ڰų֣Գȥʼնûҵˡ
Ӣģ̫Ӵ˳ۻǻʹŶԡ
һڵģϣδȫϡʹ
˳Ե˵ͷҲԣȻҲطѾĻŮˡ
Щ£˵֪һ𴩣ҲζĳЩڴ˱
ʹһʲôʱֵؾϣѵΪǳΪ𣿡
˳һЦ˼δᡣ
̫δΪǶǾԶƹ͵û档
ʹĸֻҪؿŶзĿ㹻ˡ
Ȼټʹס𣿲ܵʲô˼һݵİ취˳񣬵¾ǸٺòĽڡ
ֻЩجε㣬ȴûʵڲòûʵô롣
ֱԩʹ̬һѱס˳۵ĽţϣЩ֪ݣС΢Ϲܺú󹬣ӲκأκηǷ֮룬οۣԩݳٲ£һܲĻ֮ˣף
ʹ޵úòģȻ˿̶˵һۣ˲ȼ˳һ
ǰ֪ˣν˷ӣ֪ѨĶ
˳޵滨Ļʹطգȥᡣֻһ̾ǷʯĳοˣȻҪ飬ǾͲɣޣ޻ġ
ʹдˮ⣬۽޴飬ʹǿ޶ÿĽȻУȫȴսëȻıسȥ
ʵ۲
Σ
Ϊ֮Ҳֻнݺ˾;
лϡҧӯӯ°ݡ
ȥɡ
߳ɹͷͷãϵⲻůӺ䡣
ֽŵѾˣԴͷ𣬻ôң
ֻв֮
*
˳һʵ٣Ȼûٻˣȴþǵĳַ΢
ûؾǶƺ˳۵ĵѡҲסˣĬж˾˾ͷβĴϴ
ѧȻȴŶɽʿĳŵ˾˾ֵλãȻûʲôʵȨΣҲĬĬţҳڶеһ̡ġ
ĬĬɵвƲؽеֶȥʱ򣬶ŭǳټߥޣûãг׷ֵڳ֮϶
нյλ˵벻Լı£վ𸴵زʣ֮ۿ޿ʧȥԶԼĶࡣûжķ֣νٲά裬۳Ϊѡ
Сӣֲм̬ټϾһԿЦǻʵۻҪ͵ʬ޴档
׸ۿɼȥ纮бֵһ΢⣬ܾʲôʱ͸Ϩˡ
꣬ʵڴ˼̽Ӻ޹֮ڵڶδĵɳʹߣ龩
ʹߣ䵽Ԫͷϡ
*
˿̵ԪѾǵ̫࣬غٲޣҲùи񣬽һ࣬һˣǴ˳ĳͶ衣һ·Ҳֻʮٽʾؽӭؾ
˴ĶӺƱѾ֪ʶȤ͸ڳſӭȻ֮˳ƸؾȥӦȴѾõʥȨơ
Ԫλµ˽⣬˵ӭӣƤЦⲻЦú˵仰ѾܸˣûӭĴ
Ŷˣǰйĸ֪Σܼܲλˡ
ԴԪؾ֮֮ϵȻȻضˣڹǣ̫࣬һж
Ȼµʱ򣬱ϵСۼָֿŵǲ£
ԪȥȻǻڳǰʱ֣ĵλ¸ˣѲŻؾ
ÿεǲʹȥĶǼ򵥵ز֣̬ȷ÷ܡ
̧֣ͣôó裬ԵվȻԷʮӭӣԪȻҲ
СߺͼУξ棬ӼҼ¡
ߴӵӺǴСĹ٣ǲµĻ֪ݶڣν¡ء˵ͷ¹غһ䣬һ·ˡ
Ӽҷ֮£ûһ˵ǵõӭӼܳԪ緢ԷθĿʶһƳûҵĨʵӰ
ˣӺĿ͸˵Ķ飬üаߣǵȻˣ빫ЪϢɣʥּٶ١
˵ǡԪ˵꣬Ȼ棬롣
ȻûֻתͷԸԲ汾ٺùһҪȸˡ
Ӻ˵һԲӦųԪһƣùйѾЭһ·ۣ¹ǰЪϢ
Ԫ֪ĹƢ˳ǰҲοһ䣬ԪκﲻͶؽ˴ԣûʲô飬Ȼٽ֮ףͳȴǲˡ
ʲô˱ȾʹӻҪ
˰ڼӣĪʥ϶Ҫ˵ȴ۾һ
⡭
Ԫͷ֪ʱһ˳ţƥϣһԳһ£Ҳ綼һˬĹ
Ԫ˲µˣмң裿
ȻҼ裬ѵ㻹Ϊڳſڵ㰡˵Ѿƹǣֱȥ
ԪʧЦҡͷ˵Ȼ
ùͳΪãȻԪȴȻˣҵȾȽǰɣٰݼ£Դˣˡ
Բ˹֣ù롣


156 Ԫ
ڳӭ, ȻΪӣ֪ʵҪؾǣⷬٶ, ӺСԱǰѾǿԪϣٶûˡ
Ǻɲ, Ҳڽ, ˿Բӣλļϵ˲С
ⲡ壬ǱƲǲ뿪һĶֵأҲΪ֮ʡ
Ѿʮ, ɬü۸Ӽᶨ죬Ȼĺã£˿, һƴƮƮɵʣƲ۾
Ҫˣ˫̥˷˸ۣ̲סһ
ʱˣмҽƺҲ֮˵ѧ˵٩
̧Ĩһ죬ƤȻ˫̥Ļ, һղ², , ѵҶ࿴ۣ˵, ۼôãôظ˽Ԫúúհհ
˭ۼң˫̥˳ǣ컬黰вʡ
һ䣬Ŀ͸濴Ԫˡ
ţٽǷǵҪһؾʰ̯ӡƲƲ죬û£Ҳ³ֱȥ
ǰ˳š
ûмŻ깫ǰȰݼ֪
ԪͷѾӺ֪ɸ˲ѣԼڿƾһ·˳˳ˮԪڣµһˣͽܣȻο
Ϊʦˡ֪ӹĲ裬غһڡ
ڱӣɵʣ㿼״ԪʱǴࣿ
ʮġ
ڶʮһǱһӴӴӴ裬ӰѾʷˡ
ѧĻѵΪ״Ԫôÿ趼֪ôۡ
Ծ֮ھǣ׿Խǲסҡͷ
֪ʣɽʿ˵ʲô
ʿԣֻʿһ֮״Ԫ֮Ǳٿ꣬һ紺ǡ
ɽʿ³˶ٽʿԿƾٵİȻ֪׼ȷ
Ȼûа£λѾĺĴһϤĽ̵⼸꣬ݺӺŶĹҲδиΣǰµݣɽԺɽʿѧҵ
ǾɳʹȻܻЩ
ʵʵض鲻꣬ͨɶв㣬ܻһȷаաֻ֪ۿǰˮѧԼǣ·ƱãȲǸʱ򡣡
Ԫô̹ǲؾݡ
Цһ˵˲ƽҾԲȥҲûã
⼸꣬˳ȰοҲ˺ü⣬ŵضһ涼ûд̬ȼͷţһ
Ǵ˴β飬Ҫŭ֪
ҲЦ˵ͱΪ񡣡
Ǻðܲ㣬裬㵹ʱǵ硣泯ֳһڰգգ۾Ǳ̨ʾʹ׸ˡ
ɤӣһۣĿ֪һƳĪҪΣȻݵ˵вء
ͷ˸ֵ¼з棬񻹡ţҲֲ׵ġ
в֮ͷ·;ĩ·Ȼ˾˾˿þһ鷳һʼԲѡͣöУ־֮ʿͶ¡
ǽɷݣ泯͢ƹ֬˶ڵطԹصַ֮˷ٶڴҲ˻䣬ɽʿһ޲ûпʼıȱȽǡ
ʱ˾˾ʵѾˣȻ͢һЩûиıľ档
꣬мڸأĴȻ𣬿ɾʵ۶ҲԽԽ⡣£Զ׼ġ
ѵûҹѧ𣿡֪ʡ
ش𣺡ΣҪŽ͸޴עһϣ
ǴӦ˰ɣʡ
ҡͷʱȥǺʱȰסˡѧܾһΣĴξͿʼҡˣδţǰԣ¡
ȻУǷͽȴڰա
ʱգѾֻǶвʵǶԳ͢ʧ¸޴»棬ҲΪ˵棬Ŵ£Ļᡣ
ӣȷҲûôӺôƫƧ˭֪ңôͻأ͢ùƲˣһĻӹѵͻϣӵ
ӺŲѣȲ㳯͢Ҳóֹ͢ؽطؾɵֱơ
˲֪ҲûãչʾҲ֪Ǹѽ
裬۾ӦߺߺȣôãΪ֪Ҳ̫ϧˡ
һ飬ò߸þ𣿱˷ҲˣԸʲô£ȼ磿ûЧҪ̫ӣˣ˭ǵЦó
֪ŲʧЦǰһ治ŵĻбҲû裬ʲô˵ʲôεҲϲżˡ
˵꣬ʩʩȻغһڲ裬һƳֵ˵˭˵֪ӺȻƫƧ±ˣһûеơ
Ӻơ°ͣó
һӿɽ̵ζģɶʵʵĴ̼֡ʲᣬҲ治߾⣬Щ̼֣ϴϢͨӺһУ羭ǵ촫ȫȥˡ
֪һţ׵ǰݴңɽʿǧѧӲϧҲҪ͢ȫڹע£вòӺ֮ӲǿƽϢ¡ȥˣʱκλ£հҵڸ˾ݱ˲֪ɽʿ²֪˵ûˡ
˵֪òԼСͽܣһߵü
ǫǡˡ
ʦͽһһ浭ˣӾһοּ飬ҲΪ񡣡֪Ϊʲôǵоһź
赱֪׼깫ȥ
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ڶգԪŽͳּּɱȵǷˣ˾˾֮⣬ӺĹԱһЩɵؾǹұ۰򣬳֮⣬֮Уѡ񣬿νĶȨ
ּԪ磬ӾǶ˶ּ˲¿νɡ
Ȼȴӵվֶʺ⣬죬ֻˡּ
ھΪΪһԣ޷죬ʵҲⶥײȻ˭֪Ժǣ֪Ϊزڸ¹ӺԱһ𾪣˵Щ̫ࡣ
ֻԪ¶ӣƺ⣬裬ûдǳ⣬޿κεʣʵ£ΪΣ
ΪӣТ㩡
ƤһģJһ־֪ǹģΪ˺ˣǴġ
Ԫҭһ£ȻĲ񣬵ôˡ
Ƣ𱬵ĸͳæʣ¼֪Т㩣ּģΪӵΪ
濴ȥЦһһҲػһ䣬㶮ƨ
㡭ͳǺȻǽ֣ҲӽǾͶҲøֱ棬ѵæԪ硣Ҳɻǹ˹֣ɷ´ͽ̡
ڰ֣仰ȥ߸ʣ֪ˡǱļ֣ǱģȻ±Ϊ񣬱Ҳ̤ǰ벽
֮⡣
ԪĿһϣ΢΢һЦȻѾ֪
Ҳþô򷢻ȥί˼£жΪ⣬ӼһӺգ˼һĪҪûʧʧ
˵ϣҲûֱӽ˸ϳȥĻסȻˣ磬߲١
ǾͶл¡
*
Ԫ粻ݷ깫
ĻĴǣ裬ͲĨˣֻʣؾ𣿡
ͷء
ʲôʱ򣿡
ԩƽԻؾ
仰ȴԪ羪㵲ѣ
Ԫᣬ꣬Ȼ֪ʮǰľţڹô꣬ҲЩ˲ˣﾹǱԩģ
ף뾩ҲΪˡ
Ԫܣ˼תͷʣܸô˵𣿡
ԡ
˭סԪ绰δڣ졣
ЦΪİȫǲҪ֪ˣ˵˭Ǿ˭
仰˼ˡ
Ȼ֪ԩŻʵƽԩô᲻֪ݺ˭Ѳɻһ
㵽ΪֹҲöʣҲ㹻ʵ۽ˡ
˴Ȼ¡
裬˵˽Ԫ˵ǿȴƶṧϲ
лԪ֣Ҷѡ
ô½촺ǣɻμӣ
ڿ֮У²ȺӢ֮ո¶ͷǡ轫Լ˼Ǹ
ԪЦɽʿ֮Ҳ׹ѧƼܵͷǵ˾Ҳǲ壬֮ţ޷һףҲź˵ļСҲʹá
Ҽˣ֪֮лʲôȤ£ɷԪֽһ


157 ŭ
ԪӺպֵ, ǰȰ˵̬㡣
ȻɫͲͷ, ˶üֱӳƲ, ùܼſھ͸򷢡
޼ɣԪ绹ûŭ, ߵĸͳͱֱӶԪùȻҵȾֱӻؾȥ, һһʮ, лʥá
Ԫȵľ仰Ȼз⣬ϻǷѣǳǹ˻Σ
ù, ҲҪϲУ, ˵ƤҲûð˵ͳ쿴˿, һ, ؾ, Ҳһ׮鷳¡
Ԫһ, ɵʣô˵
밡, ⾩ǣ˻, ˭ϣȥ, , Ȱȥˣ鷳أλˡͳ쿴ƢǻлԪ粻ò˼ǡ
ȥɣƢҲﲻͷϡ
Ԫ翴һԥ֮ףáδʧ񣬽Сߵͬ˵һӼҾͻؾˣãĪҪʶ
ǡ
Ԫһ뿪С߱㱻ӭӦڴʵŹӿСһ˫Żڰϵ棬ͷҲصҪˣ
ǣùūͬ˵һ
ĿûӻŲֻǰ˰֣У֪ˡ
Сûæ뿪ԭɵ
ǲһƹƤͷؾ⣬һ³ǣһǳ֮󣬽ŹлҪ˵
ǡ
˵ɡ
С߹˹ֵ˵йӾžޣнʿӦѣδźǱꡣ
䣬ԭģ˭һǷ˲̣ĿƺŹιǵ˭˶ö͸ͬԭοǱˣ˷Ϣ
ֻһ˲䣬·һΪܿ죬ָֻԭɢ״ӣྐྵӵһҼž
߽ڵСӽԼĺë£˵ӣ汾λС߹
ǣ¡
ù飬ȱؾʮ
С⻰¿ˡ
롣
Сӽ˿Ϳ˳ȥȻԲֵһתܡ
һյĹصǰʱ򣬺ѾһѵĹƤСһȻǻȴһԣ˷·ΣĿضǶԹӣٴУͷʹŵķȴôҲײդֻһŽһŵĹԼ侲
Сһæʣ£ôˣ
Źϡ
һ۵ӹȥСĿһ̻ţڴ֮ǰſ
˿潫һ̹ȫ˴룬СӵһյȥţһڣȻӻ֣վԶ㡣
Ŷ
СڽǣȻͼ߸ߵĲյŵשݺݵȥǹ·Ѫһ㡪
žصСӵϷⶼ˶С۾ɵԲģŵĸƢβ
ôˣѧڸԼ֮󣬾ѾЪ˹طйڻǣ֪ĵūűһܣȻͿҳĿӣСڡ
ҲԪ羿ʲôϢŭ
յ֮һ³һƽǹŭѹȥˣȫڶıҲ֮ɢСŸҴǽŲС¡˵ǡ
¡ϣȻָϲסûйķꡣ
£ʲô£
濴һۣͳԪʱμĴǡ
СһѾˣںҲ裬Դ¹裬СӲ⣬벻ǡ
ùСүǹзǳȴ֪濴СӲɵطɻ󣬡ΪҪԵ˵ƾ֮ʣҲҡȻô
ǰ˵Ϊθ˵أ͵ЦָǵĹ档
⻰ɽʿ˵֪Ҳ˵ǶǴǰ̺͹
Ԫô˵ʲô˼
ǻʵߵ̫࣬ƾѾ˸Ӵ򲻵һˣǶ£
ȵȣʵۣ
С۾ֵؿ棬⡭
Ǻǣ˵ѾزضˣҪһһҰͷϣҧгݣŨŨ񣬷·Ҫʵһ㣬սȭͷݺݵϣΣ
СӲµ֮󣬾Ϊλʧ̬
ǵͷ˿۰죬⼸֮֮˵ĻҶ˵˺ҲԼСӶȥ裬ҲҶЩͷˡȥ
ǺܿСƵɻô֪СӣԶӺ˳۸û裬˼
Բ˵ȥμӴǣò飬ֻҪվڽǵϣһ컹˭ķܹǹ裿οԪǻϲʲôġԽ˵Խöԣôû뵽磿
ֻҪһ뵽˹øԪһ³ȫıһˡ
ǣǵСүСӽе
ȻֻûûƤҲݣֱۻ಻Ԫѡϣǰ±ãϾ˵׼
һĿƾ٣Ϊԭʧۣ֮涼źǷ
㲻ƾ٣Ҳȥǣӱܲǰ취ԭ룬Ԫȥ֮˳۾ͻָһòܻؾǵ˾͸ˣΪ˶Ը棬ʲôʹ׽ǡ깫֮һǣֻ֮һĿܣҲƷС
Ԫ˵ĲֻԵΣգؾ֮ʱûȫ׼ˡ
뵽ûлؾ⽣Ӱƺǰ
*
ҵ뾩ȴ飬Ԫ˳۵ǰūŰ²Ͻ
ɹھĵģֻ˳صĽŲѹ֣ǲô͸
ԪŵשԻʵ۵˽⣬˿̵ǷŭȻϵɻܾġ
˵ʲô
ΪӣТ㩡Ԫش
ѧĶ˳ֱһ
ȻԪȴ⻰˵üĸԩΪӣγ֮ΪТ㩣
һͷ¿һҲ޵ģڤ粻飬ֱڤ粻飡ⲽأ϶֪Ϊ޷ֵծģ
ͶȷһֺãִֵӺ˵ģҪľİ
Ԫ罫ͷѹõ͵͵ģһԣȴ˸еá
ʱߴһĽŲһϣȺȿڲ侲һ°ɡ
ͳ֮䣬ȴŴĪ⣬Ԫһ˭
ǵµõ殳裬غϷ׽ʵ۳ʵģͼֱԪʥ裬˴ѹ
ԪѾǾˣȻûʲô̫ʸУʵ۶Ҳûз䲻ɵĸ飬Ժܿʹûȡ
˭Ԫһֻʹ֮Ķٻ󣬺󹬳ôͽᣬ˵ζֻҪźһˣֿɵã³ǳ¡
ʵϲ忡ŵĶˣǵǣѱҰһƺ.УһûǶūϥͻܿζ
ԪڻʵôĸڲΪ鲻ΪȫһҪļҷУȴһ˼棬ԼһϣȨ޷չ黹ԼģԸӶýˣԼ֮ʱĬĬػǷݳ
ȻλѾûˣҲԼݣֳôˡ
Ԫɷûȴ΢΢һ̾Щϧ뿪ĸ¶ѡһ뵽֮󣬻ʵֻڣʱƣ
ˡ˳һ仰ͶϳȥȱС
ҹ𽵹ֱҪ
ѵһ˽ĲյһأСĽԪϣֱ˿ڡ
ֻۣǱ۾

ǼеűקĶԭĴó
ȻԪоһ£һͷͿžֵùùҲˡ
ɵ˭֪ԪƣԵµС̫మмӣֻҪ֮ͣæ
Ǹѽ
Ԫ̲סڵϡ
ԪëôַˣԽҪѿˣ㵹˳ЦЦؿԪ磬ȻһӣС̫౻ס죬ȥ
ɱˣйһ֮ͨ˳ƺúܺã˷ôţⲻĴһ·࣬ȥЪϢɣ˵˵
ǡ
Ͽɱȸ·ࡣ
Ԫ£˳ſտĴΪӣТ㩡ظһ䣬ЦãԸ


158 
ڶճ, Ԥϣ˳۲ȻŭĲʶ̧ٺһٶؿּŭ, ֮쳹á
ɫĵȻᷢôĻ𣬿ɼж
;࿴˿ֻǰų, Ϊ顣
ϢŭӺˮֲ˼, ԸҲ, Ŀּ񣬿븸ĪҪƽϡ
, ˵Ķ, ߴСͲԸ˳˼, Խ, Խǲм, ܵõ, ʱȻͻˡ
λү˵ڱ飬Ǿ׽仰˼, ȴǻϽ͡
ӺΪʲôʵ۰˭Ҳܲš
ȻӲ˳۵۾, ΢΢һ, ɫȴ֮, ãúãȻϻǾͱˣ˵꣬һ˳ûУʹȥͽȺˡ
;ƽһ治䳰ȷą̊́˭Ҳ˭޲öԷУڶǰȥ䣬ڶԸϣȴһ¡
ʲôΣȻǲ岻֣Ҳ½½Ϣ˳Ϊʲôǵýӽл֪
һȨȻֱòĳпܵ
˵߻ھǵʱǣںƨɣǴɹѧһǵʦûһϲͶ㡣һȥӺ¾˵ɫʿ˭ÿһ䰮ӣȥˡ
еĻþֱɫóеͳЦΪӢÿճϦദûܵܵĳǸȻôʹˣת
˵Щʲôãֻɣʰ˾Ҫ֣䲻֪СӺ«ʲôҩϻѱȻͨأҪ֣Դ
ȷǶ£һ֧֣ɵͷҪΪ£ǵŻɡֵ³ɹõ̫֮λ
Σ
ȻѾΪֵۣͲټȥˣҲѾģ𣿡е˵š
мƽǧгľȻЦҺ߿ûʲôìܣ̫ӣɱöˡ
۾һУ˸һô˵Ǵ߸׳Ƴ
⻰Ϊʱ磬˻ӺûҲ̫ļˣ˵ʵΪе֡곤꣬ûô˵෴ĸһЩ
ʲô
ôһֱ벻ͨΪʲôô㣬޹֮쬵Цţ⡣
⻰һüͷֱЦʲô벻׵ģһͷҰĲİǰˡ˵ĸĸΪãñһЩ˭á֮£мʲҲġ
ЦЦ𣿡
˵ʲô
ŹŽʬǲнգ֪ǲġ
ʱŭӿ֣һֳĸǾͱֵܲ
ЦЦܵܵŭĿӣ̾⻰ɲǿѨ磬ҲӦ˵ˣ߲ϻȴ˴˾仰ʲôΪӣТ㩡
Σ
Т㩵Ĳ𣿸ûȴּأͶ˭Тأûз֣ʿŴʵϳ˳һ٣ʲôͷûСһþΪ֮һ
ܰȥʹɡ˵ľ㶵ļȻʩʩȻ̨Զȥ
Ȼ뵽Ļεˣһֱҡ
һ鴫ֻһС̫վǰ£
Ӣ̫࣬ϵɻ󣬲ʲô£
ʹҪ
ôһ˵ЩңҪȥʹǱ·ɡ
*
ʹԴϴαѵܾ֮л̻̣ʮ˳ӷ·ʹԶȥӣĸΧ
ĸ
ʹҲຮѣֱӿżɽʣճΣ
ʴ
ʹԲɵطţʹּһ䣬߾ּʶû˵δãƺ֮ˡ
ʹɵһʱҭһѾס˾֣ģвĸǾ仰ʲô˼Т㩾ָ˭
Ǹ˶ʮܣʹΪһӶȴľһֻǰߣһֵʵ֮γɵĬи
ǰǹȻ֪ˡʹ૵
֪ʲô׷һ䡣
ʹìܶԥһ˵ȻҲס
ĸ˵ǲɵʬǲнգô˵ͷѾʲôżǴȱ֮ˣ仰Ʒζ
ĸĸӲôԴУ
Դĸûʹü۶ʱһ۾Ȼ󻺻ҲãϼȻҪĸӣҲûҪˡ
һ⻰Ȳѣʣ
ʹЦȻΪⶼȥʮˣΪͻȻֱ
⡭ʲô£
ʹԼѣöЩһֱǶׯƻʺһ㣬˵˵ûǲŽʬǲнա
ȻѾ룬ĸ׵Ŀ϶ɿһǾΣ󹬸һıƣ⽣ӰҪȻݺ޴
ԭ´£Լ̫
¸֪𣿡ʡ
ʹ˺ȻЦʱҪԭĸ֮ˣȻ֪ҪǱΪƺλǶأ
ˣֻͷ򣬽ضŻʹ߼ȻѾˣҲûҪٲҴţűĵʵЩģ̫࣬Ŷ֪ôİɣ
˵ݣҲƼˣڨЦһ
Ȼʹȴһۣ˼ʲôձȥȱеǸغĹϵ͹ȥģ
һʱ¶Σ¶Ӳĸķۡ
ǶԵģû׼úÿзǣҹ壬Ҵһ˫֡
⻰þıùŹӻ
ʹҭţʧЦɵϣʲôأȻôܸλȡ
ǡܱΪҴӵģʱѿڶ磿
ԣӵҴӣҵõܣϧʹ˵˼ɣ֮УǺܿһ̾񶼼ǵģ֥õĴʾڴ಻Ϊмڿƾ٣Ȼ˽֪˫ҫ۶Ŀ
ûλҴӣȻʹ۱֪˵ľžޣʱᵽȻйأټЩĴţλǺȻڻʹеġϣѾ֮þѣ˶סˡ
˵ǲɹ˽òû뵽ûֻи࣡
ʹһģ֪Ѿˣϵ˼֪ɽɵȴΪֻΪ֮ʣ֮Ż׽޵ܣҹ̸ȥӸ޴ҺòиᣬܳΪʵ׽֮ˣȻҲһһļϣҹ֪ͨ󡣡
ΪγĳţҲûйңҶ˹λһвǰŷ̫ƽĽˡ
ʱЩججӶǻʹ˵أֻû䡣
ŶҪģϾӣҲûôס֪࣬ɱĸ֮ɱ֮ޣ˵ԸӸദĸ䲻ԸԴвϣ飬ҲֻˡʹĻƶߣЩο
ƾܣҲ̫ܵӣ
ֻǵߵſڵʱ򣬿Ԫվ΢ЦؿʱŲʶͶסˣ©һ¡
¡Ԫôó裬ҲǲԶ񣬲֮ǰȴ֪ߵغ̫࣬ӶȻζ롣
ùڸźô
ԪӼҷ˻ž¡
һʱЦɫȴƽʱȻҲûǹ֮ӵİЩӲǸѰң
ԪûлشֻǵӼһ˰ɡ˵꣬ٴһ񣬱ȥ
˼תĿⲻɵ󣬲֪ʱס˹ŵķһٶþеӰԽԽ
*
Ӣ
һ󼱴ٵĽŲüµĻʹ۾ŴҴææܽĹˣɵʣôˣǲŶˣ
һжԤУŮڹſùסˣȥ˾
ʹ
źȴ˾סһƫҪѾ
취ɡ˼Ҫˡ
ʹǿ侲ҵüϡ
Ȼδ׼ãһŮܽɹˣ
ʹֶ˶ȻףԪĵǰӺΪ˽ԻѾˡ
ֲ


159 ƽԩ
ɹ
ʹĽŲӲ, ǹǻҪþеɴͲˣվڵ, ˳۵Ҳûκβ
޽ʮ꣬ʹͷһ󵨵ֱգ׿˽С΢˳۶Ų, һûһڵغţ˵
ʱغ߽˳۹ϣӢеĹ˽Ѿ, ˾Ѻ, û©֮㡣
˳Ե˵ͷһ, ʡ
ūʡġ˵, غҿһ, ̱ȥˡ
ʹѾԤ, ɸɬޱ, ϵ˺𣿡
ֻ, ӻʹ˵;ЩЦλʲô, ѵﲻ
˳۲мԹˣ̨ף˻ʹ, ϴһ˿, ͷ, Ķʣϵľƣ͵ļãζ
ʹ۾嶸Ȼһ˻Ρ
ҪծʵûҴˣʮٻҲûˡ
Ŷ޹ġʹ
δǣ޽ֻǽȥδӣͿ⵱ô˳Įظһѡв
£һ̱ڵأԳһЦ֪κأڶ޵ķϣϣԸôŶζԴ
˳룬⵹ûʲô˵ģŶһ꣬ϣگ龩ϡ˳ǣ̫ôá
ʹ˳ۣҵˣ
˳΢΢һЦ·һо֮УȥûʲôͬΪ޵İѱܹΪΪϧŶ߽ûлҲÿ̫ĳ⡣ָָǰΡ
ʹһ㶣ſЦŪĵı£˭ܱȵùϣǹ¼ҹˣ
˳ûķֻ̣ȻѾˣΪ֮غ
ڵغ߽ūڡ
ͻʹӢź򡣡
ǡ
*
ʹĶʵ̫죬˭û뵽ʵۻУ֮ǰһ˿ûдڹ֮ʱҲһΧϵ·׷
Ƿ˶ʮ԰δڵ̬չˣǡ
ԭﾹǱԩģ״ԪɵĹҲΪţݺ֮ǡǡǵʹã
ʹӣ½ٴӶ󣬼ʻΪԹޣѰ˻ȥж丸Ҳ˲ҳλ
˵ʹںһֱշƽãȴû뵽ЫĳһũߵĹ£ּʵؽϥ£ȡ˵÷֮λ˶ɶ
뵽汻˶ʮĹ֮ӣĸ˲꣬ûλ߻Ӿ͸йճν
ֲõ߻޶˷Ŀɳ𣬹Ҳ֪ԼŲ뾩ȥ
Żµľٶвҷ˼ЩԶģ̽Ŀ׼Ӻڴ֮ͻ龩˰ɡ
*
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Ѿѩɣ͸ùرŴڿϲ
ȴ£֪ΪӦľĵһѩľ㡣
һЩסˣý˱ϵ̿裬գգ۾֪ǶŬŬ취
ģѩҪ
ֶ̧ԼһȻʦе䡣
֪ûлͷңȥɣºˡ
أ
ٴһ
ԩƽȻ֪һԩѩǸ˵ģ֪ø˸С
ʮˣഺһöֻͣһ߹ӲдĲѣƽԩͱÿЦˡ
滥࿴һۣ˻ǺץЩס룬͵Ǹţǲȱʲô
˿ȥԵģ
һĴȣ֪ߣҲӡ
һŵСæӦ£
¯𣬻ȱտܣóƬЩţǿԣ⣬ûȤ
СæӦǡ
ȵȡס
Сӻͷ
˵պϢϸףһ£̳þ
һȵ裬ҪȾư
źߡ
Ϊѵðɣ
ҶˣΪβܺȣֱ׳
⻰ҵ˵и̣ǿ̧°ͣһ𲻴ӦģֻӲͷƤһɵؿ֪ܹͽܡ
֪һ˾һ治ҪС㣬ϧ첻߲˵Χ¯տֺЦһȾƿһ׮һ߶ȥ
棺ǧΪûƣϧʦͽһһԣ׼ֻܵǾͺһɣһ
СӴһӣˬ죬ŹϾơ
һĸɫƬӵϱ̧ٲȻҪС¯
ƮƮѩؼȣʺȻ˼׷ȴƮʮĿζƻɾٻž㣬˹⣬ʲô˸˼ûˡ
֪Ľӵͻ̾´ʱؾ
ɣȻ˸ӣ⾩ǵĴںôøϡһżӷƬһϵϣڳ£ϲΪ
Ƿһ̫֮λ֪ʡ
밡˵ƢȻϸң̽̽뵽ҪǰװТ⿾ⶼˡѿ۵Ƭ֪ĵȻԵظ衭һƬ
˲ɴ۾ֻèƵģֱؿƺ˾Ȼô˱ˣѵϲɣϲˣ
θʵڲ˶ԻȣȻ˫ߵĿ£еԭ򶼸ֽһһƣָֻһƬȰһԣ̫죬滹Уˮ塣
˵꣬µȫɨԼһ˰ˡ
СӿŲˡ
֪ȴǵͷǰĿ⣬ûƼüȥֻһ̾ϻġ
ΪʲôһʣһѾȵľƺᵹСƱС
֪ûж˵ֻϸΣͣˣǳǳһףȻǱ߿ȥЦеǰҲһƱ
ЦÿֲֻСͷ壬յǳǳ˵Ϊүʦε»ؾӦܼ˰ɡ
ɲǼ䣬һҺ˱档
棺ˡ
֪ȵؿ裬߲ᣬƱֱߣȻͻʦĲ֪үĶ𣿡
Ҳ˲ˣֱӿȥƺҪһ׼ȷĴ𰸡
֪̾Ǳ񡣡
ھǣǲǣʣȻȴ϶
΢΢һ֪ͷûû뿪
ΪʲôҪƭң˵ʲôȥ˽ϣ֪٣̲סʵ
£֪Σ֪ʡ
ҭһ£ǵȻǡȻˣ˵
ʱʵҵһǶ£ֻλүûѵµΨһˣֻһĹߣòķʽ׵ĺӲҪǳޣȻ⣬ҲǸһھƣΪЩ࣬û뵽ģüĿɵչСһۣڨЦŸġ
Ц˵Ⱦƣλ壬ĶһƣȻòһ𣬱һľζ
Ҳû˵ƣҪҲһնѣǼӺô꣬δֹ飬ЩҲʵʵ·죬һһΪ£֮ǰȫͬ
үֻŸ𣬱ȻҪңңָӣôѶûУõңôꣿĿ֪˸ŶĹâ²龩ԭ˵ֻ֪ǡǡڵһξܾ֮ʱȴ˻جεΣ⳾Ѿõ˻ٴٵͷó͢ٻ꣬ŻϲòΪʦƽԩ»ؾ̫ɺھǣδ֪ıҲ̫ˣͨı£ôᵱûѹ
ͳ˵Ӵ棬Ӳᱳ£ôֻˡ
֪Ʊһû˵Ĭˡ
дſУʦԵµ۰֮Ŀãүֻǽµ𹤾ߣҲᱳŵ½͸¶үѧܷ²⣬ԵµҲģʱǰԴʵ֮٣
żӵֲɵðͻĿ⣬Ѿˣȴû֡
֪ţһ̾Ȼ󽫾Ʊݵǰ˵ϡ
ûԥ̽Ʊ
֪Լ壬һ£ҿ
ʦ
壡
¡֪˰֣棬£Ȩƺ͵λԶǶԵȵģһû˹ְֵʵۣܵƣôȴֻ侮ʯ޾׷źòȥµûʦǵϵذҴȳκҵƣȻСĵطߡа취ѪܵķʽԴСܲĸɣٿ֮ˣҲ޷ܡ
ûڴģͻȻ֪Ϣ淴ʴӣɵʣҴΪʲôң֪žСʱӣжĽõԶǰۣҲҡ
֪ҡͷμһˣλԵ֡˳۾ԲһԼ޵Ķӡ
ѩ֪ʲôʱѾͣˣŰããһƬз·һ飬Ȼʣ˵ȥ̫ܵ𣿡
֪ͷƵؿȻûлش
ܵġ˵ֻҪү̬
ھȥǣһ˦磬ҪȥȻ֪ҹۣҲˡ
ʱԭء
Ȼгҭعͷֻ棬˫ϥϵ̺ӿ޵òԼ


160 
Ӻĵһѩ, ĳ䡣
תۣװ, еɫ˰ããϾȴ׳
֪һڴ˵ذȴš
ƵĵͿ, СӵŹңʦȻȥЪŰɡ
֪岢ã⼲, ͷѩһ, Ǵ˷ĿҲסǻĳ, ģ, 򿴿
СӿĬĬµ, һ˫۾ضЦЦʱҲﲻʲôæӦСү£ͻūһͷ䣬Ҫ
Ƥѩڷ紵֮Ʈ˽ͷϺͼ, ڻˮʪһƬ, 迴, ɵͷ, ͽ, ҽ깫ˣóջȥ˵һ
Сүġ
ܿطֻ棬Χ˶СӴˡ
¯ϵ̼յһŽڣЩƬһϧ˿Ѿû˹ע
үûи˵һ仰һ棬ûʲô飬ֻóǣñ˴ˣҲôѹһ˺ĮıʳȰǻģ˲Ϊһ޷ѵĶ֮һ¾ۣϸϸܣѡȻЩڵ潫֪֤ͬˡ
ײһ涼ĵز̵ĳ̶ȣۿһᣬٴᡣ
Сĵܹ棬ɴʱ˿̣֪˵ʲôο
ƺ˵ʲô԰
ĿиָĵĴͲڴȴų޶ţò׵õ۰ȴת˲ţԸӱ׳ķʽΪĵԶỊ̇ȥĿʹûܹͬܡ
ûҲûֻѩ׷¡
硪ڱ֧Ųס˸硣
泯Ժӣµڶ˶ȴûлͷֻһƽ衣
ƺ֪˵ʲôĻ߸磬Ҳӡ
ƺ֪޷Ȱ뿪ûٿڣҲûתһۣĵ׸ɬۡ
һ˳ţĿռѷ죬ûп׷һ䣺߸磬𣿡
ҡҡͷ޲
ƽûһ˿ʣְⷴĪı
ڴŲ足֫Щ̨ף߽ԺӣѩȳһӡӣȻƵǰѩ˳´ϣʶӣе䡣
ȻţɻǱһ㣬Ӹµؿˣȴһ˿ΡȻ䣬ʲôҪӭѩ
ƽʱȻȥһѹȻȥǴ˿̣ʲôɣһĸоʵ˵ԼԶһ㣬òҵģΧжõˣƣûʲô³վ˵ڣϣ迴˽ĮĿԼ뿪
Ȼһů費ûߣֱӱȻĻ
Ͷͱǰø˻ˣȻڡ
ͷϵڲסѩɲϵƮһͷϣһϣɺһ㽫ԴţƵźƿңȻ䡣
ҪƿֶʱһܸоǰϵĦԴһҲ·䣬޲۽׶ڸƻСڼȡ£ҵλãͣ˶ҳһ͸ĵط˵ˣ㾡鱯˰ɣùҡ
һ浹治ýֻε裬ڸʲô
㱧ңңοңƿҡ˵꣬˶٣ּһ䣬Ȼһ޵ġ
棺ƤĻȷǴԼ˵ģ
߸磬䡣
Դ滳ﻹиڵǱ޴룬£ֶ콩ˡ
ʶסֻ֣ȻȻƲô죬ֻܰҲŽţһǸʵʵѪյ꣬ǻȻȺģοһ飬콩Ӳָ
裬̫Σˣ޷㡣ͷ
ԣӺ
渧ͷ͵Ӧһš
賶˳ǣûæŷԣֻʣʲôʱȥǣ
ûлش
ǰ𣿡
ֶʱսᶨǡ
Ԫ˵ûʲôͷʹȣǻܻܾá
˺ѺŪȥµĴ㣬Ҳ̫á
һ̾£㻹ǰӣ
üûлش
ȻһУҲû취ǰˣֵܣôڻȪ·ϱ̫죬΢һȣмҹ˶Ҳȥϡ˵үҲûߣܹһ棬˾ǻȥԹδһһžˣϲɺء
һָ˵Ŀ赭д˵ţȻеɱʱ죬Զԡ
ʲô취滰һڣһЦЦƣͷңȥǣ
棺
߸磬ҽû֪ˡȻȻԴ䣬ǽȴһֱԺѩǹ˽棬СƤѥӣҲֹס˿˿
˲䣬治˼ؽ˱۷ɣһӷˣ£ͷ˽ţС
ͷҪȥϵѩȴȻеһȣһֻô˻ᱧסĲ
أԾ۾ŽߣˣȫƱһ㣬ʯӲӶҶһ¡
оԼһӢԼżɶԷûУʱһá
ĵϲϲң§˵Ĳӣ˸߷ߵŭܻôұһ㰡վȣ
˻бģȫֱ§˵Ĳӣ˿Ҳ֪Ӳļʲôõģһûʹһֻ־͸֪ĶţֻҪ֣͵һƨŵء
Ŵ񰵵ĸԨƵġ
һ̣оڻֱһסվȣһֱֻӰסԴܣȻĴ
Ϣ˲佻ڡ
񻰡
۾ޱֱضǰˣ˸ȻӰյ裬ͨ죬ȾһĨɫÿˡ
ҲͬţĹһرȼĻ磬ŽĴȼͷѩƮţ紵ţҲܲһ˿⡣
ĿУֻб˴ˣҡ
һߣȻүѾˣµĶҲûҪٲҴţ֪վĲ¡
ΪûжһԵĵ뻹׼ȰһȰڶǰүѾ뵽˽գȻȻط֣˵ޱο·ҲĸԸⲻóΪĸ
С߿ˣ֪ҲûҪ˲ĵزڻ֮ȣȻһս֮ĽŲȻסǰ·Ϊһˣޱسߡ
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һ£ŷſ֣ݷֿȴɻţܿ쳤ؾá
˵ļüˣҲع֮ͥµģһ˿
ĿҪΧ飬ȴǰҡ
˲䣬½Ŀⶼû©
Ϣ˵ݵһŮѻʹ֣ǰ¶ĶУûʹٿĪ磬Ӣǲԭĸ׵ԩҪѾϴѣôλݾҪ׷ˡҲµûүҪ󣬲㵱̫ӣҪ׷Ϊ󡣡
Իʵ۵˼˭Цһֱ˵˵˼Ҳġ
ͷǵģ˭̫˵ǻϵ£үԴֱв㲻ŮûӦõݣȴʲôʵ۷ġ
桭ȭͷб߽ӡ
¯ߣûôȹĹƣùһƱУһ̾޷ο㣬һ߸ף˼ҵһȻѾȺܾˣ𹼸ġ
ƺкƱС
Ϊ֤һžƣ裬΢΢һЦԶ㡣
濴ȻľƱظ裬ԼִһȻ̨ףһ𾴣˼飬Ȼ֪ҹϵ
ûŤס֣һͬ£žǵķ
ڴģӽտʼ¡ƲձɱɹΪĸף˾ˣ棬Լ۵˱ѩޣûЭ
žƱкһͬƵѩ
ӱӰһˣ֣
ߣȥ壬ú龩֮¡潫Ѿûǹ־
á
սǱߣһĨӰʱһŷɿشԭ·ʧ


161 Ϊ
߽֪ʱ, ڴϣһ顣

ʦ
֪һ٣Ȼ󻺻غ, ŵһ, ƽѾƽˡ
Һ裬Ҳ֪, Ļˡ
Ƚů, 滹ʶؽһ̿Ľű, ƽʱ֪һҲ, ǽ, ӶǷһĻ, ٽⷭ, ǸӵԱ
ʣ, վû³ڡ
˲, ĬĬ¡
˵Ҹպ̻ؾ, , ԩȻҲѾƽʱھ¶, Ӻ, ǡ˶٣ӭ뾩
֮ͣ˵, ֪Ҳ֪Ǻ, 侲ʺ׷, ̫ȴѡ
Ȼй̫ӲѡֻҪʵ۲һ֮ңȥۡ治أ
ǾûԼѡ񡣡
֪ü⣿
ö뾩ͷ⣬̫Ӹ׳Ƴ赭
һ֪ʱȻ
λĲӣĸ岻ԣû취ֳ⡣
ȻĸۣѾˣʹʵ֮ĸ֮ҲȻ޴档µֻһϧҲǸծ·ĩ·һʧܽˣھల£ǻʵ۱ǣһöӰˡ
˳Ȼ治֪࣬ɵԸ񣬱Ȼһ治ܿƣȫԷΪ̫ӡ
Լ˼ҲҪ̫ƽУ𼱻ǵظƽ˵Ѿ᧿Σطܿơ
ϣȴϲ
̫ȶ͢µһֶΣ׵ĻӱǣҲǸһԿֱ׳ᡣ
ղܻʵѡ֣һ˶û̫֮Ҳ̫֮ʵǸ֮ٲһ̣˳۲벻
Ǵˣ仰֪йؼҲ˵ʱֵİա
üˣȻӲ£װģıȴһ̫Ӿܸ㶨ʱΪʲôأƾ˳۵˽⣬һǰߡ
ϱ˭񣬿Ϊƫƫ֪һһ͵ˣо޶һ
һ裬Ҷ䣬˽ܣмҿ֪һ˾ָ֪Դ˳۵Щô˵һΣɼԪڱңȻҸ治岻ôʥ飬׶ˣ
ͷֳͱ֪ҧأҪ̲ס³
֪ɫȽѿ迴Ųеʦ廹ǲ𣿡˵ţ̲סսֱ̧֣֪ĶͷȻû㱻֪ƫͷ㿪ˡ
¡
΢΢һ
֪ƿӣӴȻд㣬ǱȥɣҲýڵµĶˡ
˵Ьӣȥ֪ԷƺһСݡ
汾һѣ֪ûãתͷ衣
Ӧ֮ǰ;һֱҪԴɡô˵ţĿȴ˴µһ̲δɵˮϣþӡ
ôˣƵʡ
ûлش𣬶վߵ˴ϣ֪磬ţһ滹һ˿ˮա
̼߻صԼλãŵĵطˮӡǸմͷģϺͽ϶ѩ߽ůڲŲãѩڻˮӡ
֪Сӻˣôʱ䣬Ь׵ˮҲú˲Ŷԣϣиһʪ⡣
ԡĬĬתͷ棬ںɻĿ£һ̾
֪һͳˣһϻӣǰ
ҵĶ
֪ͷϻӣһö壬һöָԼһݺĲӡ
ԪׯָǺͨ˵ߺһʦĲƸ
ҵģǶⲿ֣ǻø֪˵
֪ҡͷֻڵ֦ʦӹ峤֮λʱԼµĲƸ֪ҴΪ˴вϣὫҲ֣඼ܵڳԱʱ֮衣
Űָ壬ֻóģɵʣܹж٣
Ըĳùĥ˵֪˿裬ڵ֮⣬Ȼ׷ΪļױҲҪϳŮ빬ΪʢΪ˾̾
费۾û˵ȴ˰ֵˣҪǼױ˾͸ҵűָ飬ͷڻʹ
һҪģϲָŮӣԼѰһһЦĹֹôеģοҪǸ󹬳ãܲɷ֣ⲻˡ֪Ȼ嵭Ȼǻȴ·ǧʯһſС
ֵôЩѧһʼˣ
ѵӦ𣿡֪Щطʡ
ȻӦáԴǵһ̫λû䣬Щ̫硣ڶ㵱̫ӣҲû㵱̫ӣҪڳòȣ콫Ǹ߸ϵû޹ؽҪȡ֮ôȢ˭Ȣ˭˵㣬û๵أ
£
֪ҪȰȴֹˣ˵壬Ӻô꣬ҷǳףմںʵ˭˼ӣȢ˶Ůˣֻ֪˰ûǮ̫̫ƽԣԴΪڷǵҪʵ󹬵ĸ˽ֺαӣ
Ŀؿ֪ú߶ʱԣ·𱻿˼һ㣬ֻ̾⽭ɽ𢡭
˰֣ҵĽɽҲǴӱģѵָǧ𣿿ôĶӣȢһһŮˣƨãѳ͢Ūվʰ̯ӣһѾʤнգϵЩһϵûУǸûʸҪң
ı£û˻Ķ֣֪Сʱ֪⹷Ƣֻգͷһ裬ȻŴЦʵľƣҲٶ˵ʲôֱĲӵݸ棬һ
ùִһǳд󳼵
֪ףϸЩΪɣʦ֮ˣ˵ѻЩ׷Щ˰˲٣ܶʵѾˣµʵ֮ʱԽӴ
ȻǲƸӹأ֣£л塣
øҲˣ߰ɡ֪˵ţСֻ߽ϻӡ
Ҫȥȴ˵ʦ
֪Ȳδܾ˵Ҳ
ջؾȽϴæӦûкܶҪȥæµͺá費֪ܾ㽫Ļס
衭
谲һЦû£ȥɡ
治ɵӣ֪Ȼյϣɣ˿̸ʵ²⣬ӦǱˡ
߳ӻһͷԥعţȻͷ֪ĬĬعʦ
֪ţǴ㲻֪ڸ𣿡
ĬΣյ͵Ӧһš
һĵֱ֪ȻŵĻѵû
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ʼĩɫӵõĺһ٣ҲԾ˫ֺʮͷϵصδĸԸܲȰæ
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162 Ϊ
Ȼ׼, Ŀۡ
ĳףѾʧΨ֪ʦ縸, ʦ, ѹҪᡣ
֪ָſ, Ӱ
ֻ֫, ڵϵϥǺһ, һʦû, ˵һжǽ, ɽ, ֻпõҺ, ̸һȥǾһˡ
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Ľڰʦ֮ǰ, , ΪܵȵǷ粨֮, ȻŪˡҲǻ¡
뵽˵ʵҲãȥմԴ, ˵ͻزˡһЦɵ, ûĵѧ, һ, 治ҡҲΪʦŵĲТͽġ
⻰Թ԰֮, ֪ʱвζЩ޹ء
ǣûʲôϵ˵ֻȻңһΪʦΪȴɴΪȻ޷Ϊ̷ңôһ˵ꡣ
֪Ȼ˵Ȼв᲻٣˵
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ֱ֪ʶ̰֮
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˵ͷУ˶ݡ
֪һʹͻعͷۿᣬֻͬǵĶ۶ʪ
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֪̲סعȻȴվǰ裬ȵûߣ
ͨ죬۾ģŨصıʣʦĲҪ𣿡
ǳ󣬳ſѩ챻Сè֪Ӳһ
δⲻᣬ֪صһ̾깫һӢܣĹζԵԵͲҲ㱳

֮ˣԩƽûʲô׷󣬵мأܲܲ𣿡
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裬Ҷ߷ˣԺôǱֿ
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ףȥɡ˵Ŵһ̤ӡ
裬߰ɡ
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λзˣʱϸҲϧһдۼ޸һһֻһܿˣȻʱȻȻ룬ӸչңҰҺҲǸŮӡ
Ȼٴ棬ܽܶӶ䣬رǸһӶ䣬֪ɲš
𾪡߽ӣֱ֪ǰּϻȵĲˮϲ衣
֪ף֪ˣ
ݶ裬һڣʱ䣬Ҳ˰ɡ
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Ȼˣ͸Ӧȥ֪
ݿˡ񣬾ΪǹˣŸַɶ˻һ˵飬˵ĳ嶯ǸĸȰͷġȻвˣǳʹ¶֮⣬ܵõʲôûײǽԶ׺ڶôдοһУҲûʲôúڵġ
֪ǴģáָıңΪ˲𣿡֪ʡ
ѵԼ֪Ѿҵǿ̫ˣȨףԸܣ˵ʲôȻҵĸֲңҲҵĶӷҪҸôһգֲסһ˺۵ػô깫Ϊ˿ڵĵطһ߾վǰסЩˣҸһ㡣
渵֪һ㶣ǿݲ󣬿û깫
˵Ҳҵ˼С꣬ٽƻվǳЩôΣĶù˼ҡ
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163 龩
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μһܻͷϣ˭ܹΪײİմһ˿ϢĻᡣ
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˳۵дοԺһҲ١
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һ㶣¶Цݣе˼
ǰоֵ𣬺߲ǿ֮ˣҲﰵʹΰӣʵۻҪУԾ;֣Ҳûг׽׸ȥ
ǧٿףĿȫǣҲôڽУҵı
ˣλҲ͡
һǹ׼ľǵˣȲҪȡ֮


165 
ֳôĶ, Ȼλ
˳۷ֺ֣Ц˵ô˭, Ͳ֪һޣ
ⲻ, ʿԸ٣Цطʻȥ
˳ţĵ˵ǲ, ǲǾͲˡ
ʿῪЦ, ĸۡ, ⻰˵ľû˼첻غ, Ȼ, ˭ڸǰҩ
˳ûд仰ֻǴ, ƺε㰡, ôĸⲻܲ˵, Ÿյ, ˲һ, ˲أԺôĽν㣿
һ, ڸ磬Ǿһϯ棬Ҫ˭ǲӡ˵Ŵӻͳһӡ
ţ
ֵѾȥˣɾ֡ʣɷ濴˳ۣӵ˹ȥ
˳ۿϲŭ, ֻʣôֵ֪, Ϊ, á磬˾Ҫ£
ҾЩ顣ΪβҼѲɺҴ֪ʲô𣿡
˳󵱱ڻغʱһסԼ졣޷߻뿪Ҳû䣬һҲķš
Ȼ⸸û˴˳ƤЦⲻЦʣ֪ʲô֪ʲô
洹۾ǼڽһôȻôһͷø©֮ƵͶ·
˳βУǾĸƽԩ̫ˡ
ûϣΪҪ̸˳ԽӴԽҪȥȻĲᰲ
ϸô˳۵Ѿûˣֻ˵˳죬غͷ亹ȴ޲ס䣬ӡֻԪΪʲôҪܳȥ̣ʲôʱͽ˳۸ˡôͲ֪ʲô˵ʲô˵أͲŭϣһαȥ
ǽɰ
Ȼ̧ͷ˳ۣ˳޲ضĿţƺ˭Ҳ˭
˳ʵ㾿ҪΣ
֪࣡
ࣿ˳۶ʱЦһŲȻŭ࣡޸ĸԩѩϳףˣ㻹ΣѵҪ֮˶һһԴŸģⳤͲӣЩֻҪ޴㲻ǵŪǷǺڰףѿ̹𣿡
һ
Ѿù㽻ǲ֪ôҲǷ㲻ɣȥ磬ٸ£
汻һͨʱ˴룬¶ãȻ֮ɫ
ǡתǱͻȻ˳۵ܵʱΣѾǶʮǰ£˷ǣǰҸӣ޸㡣
Ųһ٣Ȼת˳˵ң磬һ𣿡
*
ͷţ贩źʵ磬ðѩ߽Ҵš
Ȼɪ¶˴룬ֻҪĴԺӣܿ˼ҵļҵס
г㣬黭⾳׸ѳôýһЩ
Ȼһ·ȴȵط֣ƺûи˶
еЦˣ˭֪ƣ˶˶󣬿ǣͷ˾˾֮ȴеĿӵڲɫһתЩ棬ϣ̾˲ࡣ
ˣȾزûˣȿȡϵ弸ɽ֣Ҳͣ͵ѹٺ񣬶ó䵥
ûп󣬵ȷزƺ;ƿ֮
ģ֮ǰٶԹΪУѵÿοһ䣬ñ塣
ƽ͵ЦЦ˲£йμ괺ǵİɡ
ͷһԡ
ǳûʱ㻯Ϸǰϲһû᷽Ҳ֪߸ûȡ
л
ʱɵģвڣµӣϷҲš
Ц±ģƺҲǿ
а˰֣һپϯԲνҪǣټ֮Ҫʲô
治׸ˡЦ
е͵˵Сϲﰵط̣ŵС˵صɣϷޣȿȡ
һʱˣ½ǰûҪ󣬼Ȼ岻ãôҲˡ
ˣϷɻлˣ
ʱգȻ̣Ҫ˵ףȻζϣƺЩƽ裬һڣů˺
ޣƽôµ˼ҪΪϷֹ
ˣ⻰˵óҶ˼ʲôֹԩ𣿡
ƿҶϷ򣬱Ϊ˸һлá
𣿡
û˵ǳĬͱ̬ȡ
ˣЦˣֱ˵ˣˮΪ£ιλǱסˣʷҲˣôܹӲдסһѪͿҪҪǿǣ
΢ǵ۾һؿ裬Ȳŵǵڶ죬Ҫֵܶˣ
֮˯¼Ȼؾ⾩ǾûбĻӿԴءѾ˾ٶһӣҲûʲôԡ轫յſĿⶢУˣǵ¸Ͷ棬ҾͲֻôˡ
ƺϷûѡءŷֱԵһ̾
ûС

˷ģҼҽѾݳܿͻᵽ˾˾Ϊ·˾˾֧֣Ͳ;ĩ·ֻ
ţóĬ
˵У˿ɻҪʲô
ҡҡͷݻȡеϣ֮󣬱ǳϦ磬һջΣͿ˵˼¸ǡ
˵꣬´ѣ߳ţͷѩһƮʱ˽ѹֵĿ
ԶԶĿСܶŶܺ
ûдǣȥ
ɸιˮߵĿƽϢû¡
񿴵ϵִ̽ʹ۾ʵ棬Ҫ𣿡
ҡҡͷȻ󳤳һ̾
*
ܿ͹ȥ
ϣŴ󿪣ܼҴӭӡ
ǲ֮еĿⶼڴ˴Ȼⲻȴضš
ܿ죬һһţϰϼų߽
ϣǾƵѫ綨˵ľӵߣҸҲ죬ƺǰϷ˵类ַж಻죬ҲЦ𿪵شŶӺͳ߽ۡ
Һ޶вĲᣬ̫ҽΣȻҲȥ硣
ˣǷ
£ǰԤϣǾһϵһЩͶ֮ūռͶȥҲɲĸ
ûȥ磬Լȴһϯ棬ƵسţЦ̫ļˣû̫ӣҲûκβ£͸ҷĻҲ̫Դһߵڵģ˭Ŵӡǡ㿴Щѫȥȥһߵ̨ܵñ˭졣˵꣬һСƣʵʱ𣿡
ĸش𣺡ûУƺڵȱ͡
ͣøӺЦˣɸѾǿڻʺˣȤأȥ𣿡
УЩصġ
ã˵Ƿɺ¥ի¥ղӪҵȫæȥˣǿϧЩòˡ

ڵļȲĶ˵ɽ亣ζЩʳѫ󳯳ѵһһ˲ˣȻ£ƷͰ㣬ϯզզ࣬Ŀ׷λϵ濴ȥ
λٰ֮࣬¡صϯ磬Ǵӿϯڹȥһʱû˵ҪʲôҲûкúʶʶЩ׽֮ˣֻǳԳԺȺȣ輧һһʵͷԡ
ᣬҲ޹ְѫӵһãĵճҲڴ˴ʵ裬ǴôԳԺȺȹȥ𣿡
Ͷ£ȻȣǺܿˡ
мҾӺҲŹ깫ᣬΪмΨһжԶ׼¡
ôһʣһĹү˹һҪ֮˻ûأٵȵȡ
û룿ˣĲٵȥ͸óҹˡ
赭һЦǾ٣յĲȺܲ
һ仰ʲ뿴üĿʵģ΢΢һ̾裬ƺˡ
˶Ҫģ硣գգ۾ش
䣬һϼݵ
ɲǼ䣬ȴѾõʱվ󲽳ſȥ


166 
˳ʵ, ȻϹ˵ۣ, һ, ԲҲ
ϣϯʱ١
ĶȻ֮ʢ󲽶, ˷׷ϯ, ʥ
, ˣ
¶ϲЦ, ˳۵һμεضԼЦ, ԭĲԸҲʱʧˡ
غæŽ͵£Ӷ, Ϻò, ŴҴҸ, Ǽǹء
˳۲˵һ, ໰
ΪװģЦ, ȴЩŤתͷл, Ȼˣضöྴ븸ϯʵüۣڸ׳֮£ŴݣǷ붼ࡣ
˳ۼ΢΢һ, ûʲô֮, ɱϾѪŨˮ, һ͵öײķըĳСͷһ˳ҲʣҲųݵĸТλ
վڴ֮󣬵һμʵۣʢһƣ˵ޱȣȻٸ߸ϣһ뵽İ֮£𾴲
ѾԺһֵѫ󳼶ʱһķŻ˶˴˵Ŀд˷ܡЩڹУҡڲ֮ˣڲˡ
ڶо˶䣬ʾȻҲȥˣ
ĸ¶ѣǣ
૵ѵҪΪ̫𣿡û˼Ⱦƣⲽ´ˣ
Ѿ٣˳۵˽ܵƽ޹ʵģʮǰĹŮŲ֪ٵ֤״ʹӮˣȻŹˣûлʵ⣬ôܡ
ʵΪô룬Ǿ䡰ΪӣТ㩡Ѳ³ؾҪ󣬵ǱβΪʺƽԩ
˳۵ıԣԸǿΪѾ˵ɣԾͷ޼Ҳ¡
ǽմ˾٣ȴö벻ס
һ߿ɾھվˣ죬ñ¡
*
˳һˣѾܸ棬Եþ֮󣬱ع
ʣɫûϣһ
˳ɢϯԼǶ֪Ѿ嶤ϵ̫ӣԼ١
⵱ȻǲеģԻʵվһǲף޾ͲˣҲҲԲáĿɨ·Ⱥ۵ףĵ֮޾ʩ㣬ſֽţֻһΪΪ޷ǳ£ĪҪλǰ㣬ʧ
洹ͷף͸ʡ
һͬȥе
ֻüǼ
˿輧֫ڶһ
Щض˵ԭ游Ļ϶ûô谮տ֮ľй֮޲ЩԥûģӶˡ
ȻһЦ΢΢ס
ϳںĳﲻɵʣ˼ҪȨ
ٻΪǾ̫ƽɵطͷжҴ
̯ӣҵ˵ɲʰ

ܱ︰ĹǣǼӵܣǳӾǳҲΪ˱ǵĳ⡣
һ䣬Ŀⲻɵؿ棬Ҳϯ棬ϣһͬͷ
ǡžžžƣеĹ˿ͣ£ŮҲعСһ֮£˵ȷ׷뿪
˿ҹ˸˿ʱߣʵں«ҩҲȲסˣڡϷҪʼһʶؽĿλ֮ϡ
潫ľƱ£ղȿλ֮ڣɷԺúȺÿã
ЦճϦҲûȲɫʵڴ󱥿ڸ
赸Ҳ飬˴۽硣ͤſ佱
·븽ͣǸ̾
ЦЦͺãǵ˸λʱѾ磬ǽȥ£ͳ˵
һϴģ
λϢɱӺıͨҲ֪ʽٻԭ򡣽Ȼһͬ裬ƣɱһֱ㷲иʥѵΣҲλȻ˵ŲϵıƽĺܣһҰĲģ
һȻȰο
ǫˣӺǻҵĵط¶þسǲڻ¡
ǣ˵֮ң½ΧҲô꣬Ѿزۣ޼ˡ
˾˾֮µ·죬˵޲ڣ̼֮еĶÿһ䣬ҵҲţŵ¸ô󣬸أ
һһĺûţֻûһΪŶô˵λʵҲ޳ģ
һΧʱһ͡
඼ѫңھ֮ʱڷĵһߣΪ˺ıǵ档
ΪλġЦЦؿ򶨹ţƺǣ
ΪѫһȦӵķ꣬ôһʣ֪λشˡ
ѵϣչ𣿵Ȼǣ;ͬǰ߰˾Ҫ᳹ףǻΣ
Щ棬ֱܱ¾֮Ҫǿǽ׼
뵽ֵ̧£Ǹ޴ʲôΪѣ˭ܷЮﱾͲܳɹҵȻԡ
⻰˵üûʣԴǣҲʲô
˵üǣȻˣĶڵ£·˾ݵ·򣬿ɼȮӣ丸֮־ˣҵȻԸ֧֡
ãһģλҲ𣿡
˷׷׵ͷӦͣҵӵµǲ
Ŷһڣĵһ¾ˡ
һЦȻˣͲˣһһǡ
µ˵޷
Ӻ˵һ˷ԣͨ裬Чھվûô˶٣ЦҲǱԥؾԭ򰡣
⻰˵Щûͷûԣ֪⣬Ͼʵ۸֮ǰ˵ˣ֮͢ʩΪʲôɹǣ
Ŀ̽߾ٱװģƷơ
Ǻ⣿̲ס裬صûװƣ²˵ûȻ¡
˭ӣʥ
뵱ܻڳòҲٲά裿
ΪʲôﰵʹӰлڳֱء
軰䣬ͷѾˣ˵˼ǡ
ͻȻ䣬ڳ˲ɵؾģҪԸ
¡
һ°վеǫѷ΢̧°ͣȻ⾩ǣ׼̯ӣͲκ˴λȻԸΪǣôջȥú룬ǳϦ簡ĿˣƣǵãǰĳϦ֮ҵһ鲻ķأпٲλæ
⻰ײˣڶȲҪΨһвĻǣ
ŭ𣿡զ̲࣬סʵ
΢ЦЩԼȥȡһҲȲܸҲҪЩȡС


167 
ϯڻʵ뿪֮Ҳɢ, ʹˣҲѾҹ
˾ƣǳϦ, δǰʧǣǸЩȥЪϢȻЩ̤ѫȴĻظ, һű˴, ɫӶΪѡ
һ㿼ʱ䶼ϸǰҲ̫żˣ˿Ц
˵ܿó⣬ȻżҲ㶼ܽġ
ô죿
ô죬϶, ˭֪Ͷ, ʱΥ˼ⲻˣͤ쬵һ, ſںХ, ΪӦǴ˿̵顣
Ȼûеڶ·, λȥúӸôд, տɻеڡ˵꣬㳯ͬŹ˹, ̤
¹, һ̾Ҳֻˡ
ڶԼѣͷȥˡ
ȹף̫ӵ£쿪ʤů¯, Цᡣ
Щ᲻뿪, ̲סϦ, з˲ڣСҲڣ裬ֻһڸмҽõȴڹ󣬻Ÿѧ
䴽ûϵҵһꡣ
ͷҲ룬ͷֺܾãһǺˣ㻹Щ˯
üָûǸ¿㡣
ôһ˵˲ˣУȸ硣
*
ϦҼһԲֻйſڳˮٹٷ׷нʹ
浽ʱ䲻粻󳼼޲ǹʺЩԥûҵţ֮ΪСģλǳǺ޵߻Ȩ֮СЬ
ңǰ˼˭ӻ߻ӣֿȵЩЦ
Ѿʧȥ׽Ū˵Ȥֻǰ˰֣ǾͲһΣ
ǹԱһ̸˵ǿ¹ٽǡ
ô󳼣ҲŽ˵ʵͷ۷Ҿŵ磬δţ¹¹ٸ
û⣬ˣͷҲһǡ
¹ס
ͷ񶼵ú˲գǵѰι״ĽڣЦԷǡ
ǲˡʱһ̵ǰЩ˺޲ñԶԶģһ벻ۣʵǡ
Ľδ˵꣬͸ˣЦشһʹţûӣ
ǸˣΪֶѾù٣ͷһΣδڼֵصŲм
⾩ǣпܵıλˣΧĹԱ׷ֹ˳㿴֡
һξ͹ˣҲˡְ̧ѼϵѩȥЦ֣ٸһͬϦܵܵϧһЩ䣬˼Ҿͱϻˡ壬롣
٣ɲ˼
Χ˶ʱЦ
һɫߣǲ̫Щ⻹û̫أֳ˵ǵˣʶû
̫ӣҶУֲǵһʶҡںΪȣȻ飬Ҿˡ˵ӣһһ߸пѵñϰһ£Ȼ飬շ¡
ʱɫһ㣬ҺڵưҲ壬ֻ֪պס
ǱزٵĽĿͬûгϯλȴ档
֮ϣڵȻȾƵĶԼС˵֮أȻ󼸲ɼع˹ɼſڷġ
˳۾ԪֺһھƣȻߣôˣͿһسԡ
ɲǣ⹬ĲóԣڻȺһЩպڣ¿ӡ
ڵϯҪ׼ģ˻ʵۺǰĲǸ󳼶ֻܿܳԣرϯλûеģǾ͸ӿˡ
ǲܸյϯȣ˵ɽ亣ζ¶֮˭˵һ󷽣ɼӺӪ꣬ߵܵĵĲһǰ㡣ָ˵꣬㿴˳ۣ״ЦߵܾʿӺ˰òϡ
⸳˰Ϊ·¡ʺģôķ͸ңúôԵʶ泯ߵĹŮ˹ָæžƺϾƣ϶ԶһЦ̫ƽհӣó٣һһúã⵱㲻ܲ壬ΪΪĿںţɵȴǿĹ˼ҹÿٳһҲ֣ϱͶ̥İɣ
ǾȻҲ̨˴˶ᱣ棬׿㶼Ŀ֮¸
棬Ȼû⽲˽֪߻Ǹ첻ߣϲɵ²̨뿪꣬΢˱䣬ѵָӣ
İ𣬡棡
ôܵ˵𣿡һھƣ˾˾İ˲һûһһʱˣֻҪһ뵽ҪЩͲ̫ã֣£˭õܵܵøʰ̯أ
ʮ꣬ںĸǣ֮³ãΪһľиȥˡ
û룬ȥһͷǣһͷͻһ
ʡߵؿ˳ۣʲôôҲֳָң
˳ۺ߲᲻صضĪҪûûأֳ
ҲҪ𾴲УճϦóԺúȺÿЩȴŲݸƤŮ룬ֻҪһףûʲôοµˣһ޹Ƥ֮񣬷ū´࣬Ҫʲôҿһɵǧ
˵Ǻ£Ů˶֣˿ͣͣεڴ
˳۾΢վߵԪ֪Ѿŭ⣬ΪһѺ
ڶݳĬ̴֮ϯλվߵм䣬ֱӹ£ַߵʣزòܵܲԶǧæǶܣʲô𷣶Ըе˵׶Э˾˾Ѱѹذˣ£ʡʣô꣬ûйҲпͣߵܲףͽʺӿڶͷϣǲϵģ븸죡
˵ۿͨ죬ʮˣҪ޲ޣίֿȻȴӻ
֮óĿⲻɵһͷȥãһֱûʲôɫУȻҲ͵·Ҫޱţ·⣬Įġ
˳ûɵĿϣǵȴΪö˶˵ӣ˵Щʲôǲ޹𣿡
ŮʦѾ£˶Ϣ񾲾·ѫвһ亹ͬӷ·ڷ̣ʼˡ
̧̧֣ʣƢһ˵һӲҴʹð֮븸ʺͶֺģһҲĵһҾȻ˵ν½ϣϵΪǽһˣȻˣŴڣɡ
ЦΪ˭游𣿡վָ
ԣ֮͢ʩΪ¶Ѱ졣ȴ˳Ⱥ鼤ܣԳ͢Σìܣֿ죬Ҫû˵ΰ£治ΪӢü¶̬֮֮ȻѾȥ꣬Ϊ·һζλĿرˣΰˣݰս·죬ɣһ
ݿµ˵Ŀ£ɳ˵֪ҵնʾڣƽԹ
䣬ͫȻһ
˳۵ɫûЦݡ
ʱٿʲôӳҲˡ
һɵĹԱվָ𣬡£ǷҪöл
û˵һĿһƳһ֮£֪лһ֮£Ȼ֮˵Ҳ˵ùȥ
ȻӶдˣֻһߵڣѫһѾ׼õӽӶó
ȻѫȲҲϿңǼܲס󣬾ܸô꣬ǣȻֵסİѱҲǲ١
һһһ֤ٳֱʮ⣬ر˾˾ѿԼƣȴǲ·ɲȮһŲţ͵Ƚȥҧһ
ɫԽԽףףΪμҴҵ磬Ϊ˽նԸ
һؿ˳ۣϣܾһΡ
˳ȻҲѾ뵽ЩȻĵȥƣŭǳӵĿⶼ乵ġȻЩڽٻؾˣԺǣǸ
ˡ
˳һ仰ʱ
Ȼ˿̣ǲҲ޷ƽϢ£·ɽվ棬˾˾ȷøһ˵һ˵ڶٲϣǷȱȥӦְ֮˼ٺ
ҪеƵеͷϣԶȴŹ
ۼ¶ƺҪ˳۶ͷһģ֪Ӳưոݣ˿ڣйΪܳڣΪΣΪ̫ӣ԰£̴˳ɽ𢡣
һһһˡ


168 
˳һҲΪ̫, ò¾ûôƽϢ
ԣ⻰һ, ûջصĵ˸Ѫͷ, ȴκЦ⣬·һ, ɴཫȥĻһ˳ˡ
ࡣ
վ, ϡ
տ̫, οء
ּ
ֱʱ, ˲ʶ̫֮λȥվ䵽λսͷϣ
˶סˣؿ, , ̫֮λôˣ
Ϊʲô
ʡͷ˳ۣоãͲ⡣
е˳ٶ, ٶҲӡ˳ŭ棬ѵͲ
鼫Ϊ, ȴ¶Цݣʣ϶̫ӷˣ
Ԫãʱ, Ų֣Ҳǡ
ʶش˸, Һûͷ, ԼĴ, æͷߵܲܳڣֻӢ
Һûдҩɾȣ˳۱
ʱ֪˭ߺһ̫꣬ǧǧǧꡱŷ׷׻عϯڵأͬΪ
Ϧҹ̫Ҳһ
һֱ֮˳۲ְ̧˰棬ʵ̫ӵ£ڿ԰Ϧ˰ɣ
лʶ䡣һ񣬱㻺˳һϵغһۣҪʦлȴȻȥվ
˳ƤʱһЦŲ㱻ܷϲ¸ͷˣⰲµ˵ʣôһ̫ӣǶ²סڿڡ
ȻǸ˳Ҳ֮ƤЦⲻЦ㱾ҲûУⵣͱˡ
Ǹ˶óñ˼治Ҫôߣ⻰ǷڱϣѾګګҶԣþˡ
ϧéʯͷעӲῪɲףƤ˵ûŵ㣬֪֮棬ĿиԸ͡
Ⱥ

ѻȸһţһ㡣
˳ѡõ;۰Ͱ͵ؽ鳴ӱ֮ظ
ɶ㲻вʵۣ
̫̼ˣ˵Ժֻĸ֡ˣŲԼֱͬգ֪ʵ۾ŭ׾Ϊɡ
Ԫ紹۾пؿھ˲Ըо˳ھƣŬάָĪ⣬ɫĻʵ۷緶Ϊࡣ
Ȼ뵽裬Ϊ֪
¡ֱߵĶ޲ס죬ǰͷΪ̫ӵĸ˾ûڵĳˮѾ
úõƽʻǵ籩ﴳٴοҲڰ
ϸɡ֮ػûվȣֱ˳ȥ¿˶
ѫǼֱҪˣ
ѹûǡ
áڶݵĳĬ֮˳³һ֡
úúãһöӣѾܾûôɫ֮ˣ͵ĻڳĶ
Ҫ˵𣿱أҲµģļϱ̫Ķܺˣ
Լ֮ŭһȻ̧ͷɫǣ޵ɫҾ޷վΣӺ֪¬ɽ͵ͷżҵУ߸ɴȺĵ꣡·ϵһĻĻֻңԳһʣλǰǸ쵰ڼ͸ˣף˭٣ȴ֪ԼǾֻϹ۵.ڹĳˣ޴ҲЦÿһ仰ԣ
۵ı£˵ڶû˸ҳƵһ˶ݣԼǺ顣
˳۾ãҲˣȻΪӣʲôˣôһҪ˵˼Ȼʧˣֻһ߱ʾĲ
ˣ⼸̵ϢҲ֮бƣܹһڱ
д󶨣ֱ뿪ǣһأҼʶĿࡢ裬֪ðնԱ£һݳ޵£οӺ˻ӣͽɻͷһһ࣬ʱγɸʣһ֮أѣ˳أº«ư߽ͷͷˡ
λ˵ĺ˵Ǹ˳ۣ˵ڳθ͢Ȼ̶վгȾĬĬţռ֮ˣЩȡġ
ʣΣǶѣ̴ҪЮΪѣο˶٣ĿȻڶϣһı¶ûС
ĻĿһڶϡ
һæЦ½ѵǵҪߣ˵ô࣬㻹Ÿû취ΪΪѾ̫ˣΪֶܸʲô㾹Źңʡ
˳ۣһ
ΪܱжҲͲ˳ˡ
·ɽվ棬˵ˣ˾˾˳۵ڣ緽ô
⻰˼Ŀ΢΢һƳҪͷٲɾͲԶˡ
нջϦϣزôɡ
˳ۻδָͼһֱĬСͷվϣϳл˵
Σлǵ׸ڳ֮ϣ˳ҲԸ档
˵
ϯ߳˴֮УȻСĹ£ӿȡһݺۣͷϣϳҪһˡ
һüһĵһˡ
·УضУ˵ʲôˣ
֣żʲôѲ˵㣿վеԱߣе
Ŀʵʣݺݵһۣǲ㣬ˣ
Цܵ涼ûջͷһΣɲͬһô꣬ģˣˣ˵ţĿ⻹ɷµһۡ
⻰ֱģܻУмԸľ˾˾Ҷ裬УϧϷܶЮ»ٲȻ˻֮ߣ켰ȣվ㣬Ի죬ĴΣǡ
㡭˵
Ƿ˵һ֤ݶ˾˾£һӦ̰Ǯȥ򣬽м¼б˽ңָʹطٽ֮ѹ֬࣬к֮գֽ·ţʹ֮Ŀ޷ͣҳ٣ѰѲ֤ݣ죡
⼸֮꣬ŵй֮޲еѾˣ˵˻нľϢű
ͬһͬ޶Ϊ£֮˽У׽ŪվԳȫ壬תת䣬ǰģ·һΣܵ߳һ
̧ͷʵۣ飬Ϊûųȥ
Ļһôţ͹۾촽䶯֪ÿˣ
ⱳһʵ̫ʹˣ̲סôͲ˻𣿡Ͳı
ж︣Ϸ̫ˣɡ˵꣬㽫ͷ£ٲڡ
Ƥֱ
ԪȡǷۣʵ˳۵ǰûãһֱô
˶Żʵ۵ľвҪף½ôأ
ʱȥԪֻᣬͷðƺҪ۶ϵʱ˳ùӣһǿֱ塣
˳ûпҲ迴ԼĶʲôĿϣѵǰ۵ƤЦõĮ
Ȼˣ϶⾩Ҳôˣȥ߾ͷɣжв£ߣ٣뾩˳Ȼ
˫ϥݺݹڵϣʣ
ȥɣ޸⿭ˡ
ǸʣѾ֪ˣһǸӿɻ۾ʪȻ¡
һ˳Ϊ֮һ֪ҲϡҲܸоԼԽԽģ棬绪ï긻ǿճȡ
۾·𱻶ʹĿȺӹ·ܿǶԼѾģ̫ڲزס硣
顭
ʡһλͼ򶯣Ȼȴ˳̧֣˵ˣȥͷ˵Ҳת
ˣһΣɵعڵء
˳ûпΣյضŹ·УˣѺȥһӦ
ʣǲӦ˾ж᣿ʱ濪ڴ
ϦõӣȻ˳۵ȴŭ׾һٶضײ
Ϊأ˳ʡ
ٹ㿴ңҿ㣬¶Ϊ֮ɫԸӽţǲͽȥվһǣһͷ֧Ų˵
ĳɲ˳ŭݺݵһۣǾ̫ԣ˾ɣ
˵꣬Ҳڴ˴ȥ
Ϧʢԣʹжϡ


169 
˳һ, ̵ղͣٹԭƱһģҲɿ, ûżߣĿⷴڵеλϡ
³ƹˤߵǰ, Ȼ˫һ, ׺ݵؾס, ʣߣΪ϶㲻, 㾹ԴңǹӲĳ
ȻܹѶ֪ö, ǾòΪ壬ֻǹ, ¶Ŷ, ѵ㻹ڴĴҪʿƤһ, , ĸƢεɫĿɱҺڶˡ
ҵĵ
ⲻϻ𣿡е̧, ס, ΢΢һš, ߶ʱ¶ʹʶؾ֡
һ߸ƽԼ½, һ¶мЦ˵ҪǶֵĹ, ˳, ףȥȻðհ
ƨ, Ҳ⣬游ʣµ̫ӣҲϻλ˵ЦһҪѾĽ֣񲻹Ϊ㻹ãһȶߣ񾡹㲻ȥһô֪
ü΢̵˵㻹ġ
ǣ뾩֮ٻѵҲԣ˿ѾָŶ˷·ղŵʧ̬Ǹ
ݵܵһʮˡ
Ťһ¡
ǵ˫ţԳΪϲɥ
͵߬ȭͷ
ͷһһ䣬Ҳͦ㣬ԣ÷Զ͹ȥ鷳
桪˫Ŀ˲չǡ
£Ҫ侲֮ǰϼ󳼳һѽס
ǻϽԵ̫ӣ֣·ϣģ
һһȰڽʧصĶȥ첱Ӵ֣һݻƣ˵꣬һˣܻ뿪Ȼʵ۲ͬӰ֮һǱ֮ȥ
ƾһ󣬴˿̿棬ӢôâɡȻµĴ󳼣ÿһı鶼һѾͬѾѫڳҪҪһߵڣ;
˶λ˵䣬ȴ泯һʣʲôʱˣ
ǺŵС̫һ㶣Żæش𣺡£ѹʱ
ʵʱ䲻粻ַݵĸ룬Ȼʵ۱ˡ
һȴʲôû˵Ÿһת󲽴ҴҵسȥӰЩżʹе룬Żȥ꣬пЩྡ
*
ſӱ޻صʱʱѾԶˡ
ͷѩ֪ѾͣԺ˺һ㣬һԺӣӹرյĴ͸һӰӡ
СӼˣ˵£СүȻûЪ¡
ڵҡ˵ĸֵʱȫ·ů˿ޱȰĹ磬ҷȲůǼҵĸоЯһˣȻúһ㣬ЩҸˡ
ſվ˺һûƿţСӲƵ£ȥ𣿡
ӣүе㺦¡
Сһʱ̾˿ɲմūһţǾĶǣΪ˺ôһѺأ£Ȼ̫֮λ¸ϳ˵ҲûǶѾˣȥɵСһЩΪ֣صѵ
Ȼȴ˰֣ںСʲôٲ⣬ҲֻܱţܰүôҾϲҧгݵӡ
СĺǺɻʲô
үôõ͸ңҲ˳ֺۣȻջȥҸô죿
СӶʱĬȻ֮˵ү᲻ὫСүūŲ֪ٲȥСүýˡ
ţ
ʱ쵽ˡ
䣬˲ƿ˷ţһ裬һˣ
*
ſӺ͵ŪŴ棬ͷҳ⣬ϲӣСˣϺɣָϣȫγӻ⣬һ裬ټ˳ŶƤԲˡ
棬΢Цؿô԰
һ棬Сһ䣺裬ⲻİɣ
ҡͷֵһֲۣ⿣Ҿˣҳ𣿡
Զʱд󶨣Щж֣֮Ҷζǲġ
ԲʲôǿڿͷϼڣȻһǹսУǵ㶫Ҳ׳˾ʢһͼꤣ㣬ȷˡ
ڣֱһͽ͡ڴĿ£¶ᣬ׽ڣڷֱ澿ʲôζ
ôó𣿡
ûش𣬶ʵ裬Ĳģ
Ȼǡ
ӲҪˣҹľô
Ƕųġ˵˵ҹóЩõģҿЩϲӣ÷һ㣬ʲˣԢ̩Ҳ÷һЩߣ٣ͼζһѣһ֣ˣģϣֻ÷һ㽴
棺Ϻأ
ʰͷкأԳûУ
ûСͷ棬ô΢ջظղŵ뷨ܽЩζѾյ۷ˣף͡૵
ζ𣿡һ顣
ĨһУ裬Թ𣿡
ûУҪҳ˲٣Ǹ㱸ġ˫֧ϣһЦУе࣬ҪǳԲ꣬һˡ
ҳԵꡣѿڶŵͷų⣬һ飬૵ӦóԵꡭ
˵ޣ޷֮⣬ʲô鶼ֿ׼ν׿Խ治ǴȻΨһͨϣһû֪֮ģǾǳա
е벻ףΪʲôϲ߰㣬˸Ӵ򲻵һʳĴһһ÷ЩϡŹֵĽϣܳ˭Ĵ
ʧһһ֮󣬻ֲ˱˵ؽµĻÿμƷݡ
һ߳ţһߵұΪ̫ˡ
Ŀ΢΢һǶأ
ǣȥͷ⡣
һжԤϵһ谲תһ룬˰ɣ
ʱܶңȻҵĶˡһ뵽Ŷţ˷־֮дĪļìܵĺܣ˸ӷŽʹؽţ裬ʵѾ붯ˣֻҪðұ֤Ȼڵһʱң
ţ̲ס֣֪ѡǿӲʼûлͷ·ˡ
ԣ㽫죬֮͢ǰǱҪ׼ӭǷƱ仯һ̣ѾԤϵˡ۾ƯĺƲǳϸ顣
⣬̲סǰգûʲôʱ򣿡
лؾһ̣䡣
ĺʱһأſӵֶȻץ衭
ĿԣϢסҪȶ֣ϾͲòȨ㣬ζʱܴȨ£ԼֱвĵλǿƵ̫ӣ񾡹أѾûôˣȻ٣𣿡
̴ٵЦһô£㺦£
һԼѡ·
ҹıʱʱˡ
һꡣ
ǰĴ֣
촽ü֮У̧סĺԣѹ˻૵֣
꣬ƴһˡ


170 
ĽŲ·˷ľ, ް
뾩ѳɶ֣һҶ󣬴ʱ, ʲôʱףԭĳ٣׷ϺϰڿϣȨ֮һϯ֮λ
ڴڼ䣬ҲҴ⣬ʵ˼ص, ̫οڡ˳ôԸ֮, ̫ճ⡣
ҡһ䣬ǰһ󲽣һ֮֮ϵĴ˳̫ˡ
Ȼ˵ȹǰ֮£ڣλ³¯̫ӾûйڽӼ, ڱԴС
ѵԪѽ, һ, л͡
軹ţôˣ
, ϰεû˵ȴŰԹ
±ʣͷסҰ˰, ȻЦʣٰݷ, ˻û
ˡ
ǡ
޿, ڿߵ裬Ǵ¥ĻЪһЪʱ򣬹û̫ôͲһ£㿴ҰŵģӿͣˮǻҵҪˣ
ſվõС͵ؿǹ͵ģʵǶ飬̫ҵ±Թ̫أӴ
ŭһţԶ㣡
ǣСӸش𣬽һأ뿪岽ԶЩġ
ʱ׹ֺЦʣô𣿡
˳ǣȻأµʱЪü졣
죿
˼죬죬ѵ˶죿
辪治ѣ㶼֪
˺ߣ˭ø粩Ⱥ顣ô໹ͦԺģΣյͲɣҲֻӣʦᵱУһû
Ҳˣʣǲңڹ֮У۲죿
ܲˣϾǵðүϵ۾֮Ը̫ۡʱҰв˲飬Щ˶ѾǶǾҲ࿿֮бڳ֮⣬ʵƺû֡
һ˵裬ЩͶˣ˳˳ˮҲãһ˴ܿסûһǵԼǡ
ʱ̫ˡ
ͷŻὫҡ
һֱ֪ҲǵѾĻҪĶô꣬ү֪һˣͻὫЩ˴Σ֮УȫܹԴҪЮԲ򲻵ѣ֪ἰ
ʺƽԩү壬ǷһźţĻӣӵһ֪رĳҲЩ˿ϣ
ΪΪʩԮ֣ٱвɾˡ˵Щˣֻ󣬲ҪЮ
סϵĲˮһڣ浱Щˣ˽⣬ҲҪҵúúøôǡˣɣ
ףҪ𣿡
š
߽ңܿ㽫ϻȡ
óʵ࣬ʣǲѾˣ
Ȼ
վһѽ˱̿衣̿ıߣܿ콹Ʒڣű˻ҽ
ң֪ˡͷһ˲˲ؿԼ۵Ц⣬ĿƵģСʣôˣĲ𣿡
ҡͷܶԣôˡ
űϾ
ԹȻǸģǾͱ뾡춯࣬أȲۣ϶Ծǵİѿȴһ죬Ǳ˾׸Լ˾еΰͷ㽫õĹԱȫ£ֻҪ⼸ڻƿ֮Уɲ㡣
üΪѵҪ̸ף˼ʮĻʵۣĲ˵ȨȴקоķҲûжǱ˾
ɲС
ô죿ҪǣûãԼ˳ۡһ䣬˶٣һת°˼˵ͳغĹϵߵˣӲԣǽͳ죬ͽԪ磬һߴԴǡ
ԣЦ⸡ָָ֣ϻµԪһ߸磬ǾͰӶ
ȱǮ𣿡
ʳסǲȱȱǮ
˭˵žֱʣغ
գգ۾š
϶ȷ̰ƣ;Ϊ˵õϢûٸôҪûôס
ǾټһȥԪ硣
Ļ㶣ǺܿӦҪ
һ͵񣬡ȻغƽʱȻûԪִ֣̫֮𣬻ʵۿȴסΪһƽ⣬κһһԿˣᰲһ¡ӺʱҸԪִһЩغʵͦĿŵǡ
ҳְƽ⣬˹̫ӵ˾Ͳˡ˳ڵؽȥ
ӿɽҲţһʧȥЩ̫˵͸֮һģֻܳͶ㣬ôԵĽͳ졭
ĿУ˸ָһϵƣˡһ˵꣬յˮһںȾп߰裬Դôôʹû㣬ҿô죿
ĳ֮ǰԲѵӺءüëȻ̧̧°ͣЦЦ߸磬˵𣿡
棺ԼĿЦϽ豭ǸԲס裬绹ÿأ㵹ˮҼƽˡ
ߺߣĿǱϣЩŹ֡
ˣʣôˣ
ȵҵıӰɣ
һ㶣ȻСӸսͱ򷢳ȥɲû˵ˮ
ڨЦͱôѾ׹ˡ˵ǣĿⲻɵĴϣĵЩͷһ˿ţӦû˽µġ
һ죬ȥô궼ûôˣԼ鲻Խ˽֮ɫŻһ¡
ǺôСӣŤԸϣʵʵһǣ򴽣۵Щ裬Ԫ
˵ʵˣںֽն˽ڣֻҪ㣬ͨһ˳£Ҳǲԡ
뷨ԼԺиĻ棬Ϣʱˣͷֲʣô
˵ǰ岻ãһڸ϶ûֹǵԪ
Դһᣬ۾գգкȻֿӶˣ˵ԤУأ
üЦ𿴸뾩ô꣬ʲôĺóԵĶ֪Ҵȥܿģ֡˵꣬վſȥֹֻС߶һѣɼȥϵԪȥˡ
Ȼ迴ǰĲˮĵ׺Ȼһͷ꣬ЦԷǵغһڣȻ󳶹һԵ鿴ŽŲ΢ġ
ʱͼͷ棬һۣܾͦе֡
̲סͷȥ裬Ҽǵ㶼üˡ
Ŷ¹֪¡û̧ͷػش
Ҷźˡ
ĵ׷˸ۣš
裬ǲ
Ҳػش𣬡ûС
棺ôطǾˣΪʲô
ͷ벻ףͷⲽ
ǸӣǲȺ
ȥҡҳӲˣĵôƨöûУʵһ°.ǹǹ.ͷ
飬ҶСù㡣
üģӦһֻĺۡ


171 
Ԫһ, ڱǽˡ
βԸҲ뾩УҲãôӺǿһЩ
涮, 뾩֮ǰȽ˹, ʵ۸
ԪĬĬˣһֱ߳, ԸڴţĿ⵭Զװѩͣ, ȴɲչ⣬µһ, ǱӺڰ
۾ףŲ鸡߳ɹ, ԪĿһƳ, Źһ
ȻǺݺݿ޹ˣҿ޵òԼ, ǰϵͲȴ, ͬĻҲѾ, ݹ۾˸Ĺ⣬ƱøذοһһǿĶ衣
Ԫ˼ʵͬ˵ʲô֮󣬱ͣ½Ų, ˵ù
Ԫһ裬¡
غгϢ, úź, , ĺô
˵, ԪػȥӰزס緢
ģһҲǸǻӣǵȴܷ̫ӣȻ淢²˺档
ԪͷٻԪȺ򣬻ʵƤˣ
ǡ
Σʵûͷûôһ仰Ԫ̲סüջʵʵػϣūſȥĽŲΪ죬⡭
ţ
ūźúźϣȻ
ʵظһ³һ۵кĲͳ⣬ǸεĶ
Ԫûʵۻ˻֣ȥˡ
ֻƬԪѲ˸ţʱ÷Ц
ûδȣ˳ɽҡҡ׹ĺսп֮ڱΣ˿̵ĻʵȴѾڿǷ̫ӣˣҵĻǸα֮
뵽ֱϵĸͷСߵһˣЩʹͣҴҵļˡ
ǡ
ԪǴ̫࣬ʱźڻʵߣҲרЪϢƫ£С̫ϲյ
Ų裬״ѧƼǣطǳְɡ
أǰЩūŷּͿЩˣ͵Ŷ´С̫Ԫ˵ܳæش
ԪЦЦʮ꺮ס۵״꣬һ˿
ϧǵùⱲƾԵˣӼȥּʱ·ǸϿһҲù󣬿ϧѽʱغ߽ͲС̫ԴǵؿԪһҡҡͷʾȥҧŴĬĬ¡
ԪԺȲ裬۾𻰡
˭֪غԪ粻Ըǰ߼ƣ߶ΪƳԿԺʵ۷ʹ;ˡ
žѣԭӢغȻû⣬ǶѾȴǰͿȵģ˵ģ鷳Ļȫغ죬ԪֻҪźڻʵߣͿԿ˭ʤһ
ⷬĿˣغùϲģùˣ
˱ΪԪһغâû뵽ȴع˵ǣиˡȻԵƿ֪ýЦ󷽣һ㲻Ӷ
Ƿȥˣ
غС̫࣬ʶֵ鲻࣬˱ӣÿһʵ۰£ñôʹһ
Ų⣬֪˵Ԫ磬һ̣ˣߵݣɫˡ
ֻ˵ˣԪҲ⣬ڽعƤ⣬ࡣ
غɫŲյףֱӽյڵϣŷŷС̫ҪӼҰ
С̫æͷعˡūŸ
˭֪غǽⷢӣǲ費䲻ȣոڣô֣޷ǿС̫Ԫ˵ЦǨŭˡ
ˣϳȥơֻû˵꣬ͼԪ²յһģغһ˫۾ȴ޶˷ع鲻̫ã֪ʲôʱҲһӲˮˡ
Ԫòʹޣɶ費ϣźƽʱͷ磬һˣˣֲô硣
غǰź򣬻ʵҲϲƤϻԳɳȥЩ˵£ͷվɵǰԻڣյ衣
غҭס֮ԪҲûٳʤ׷䣬ֻǶŵϵС̫ɣҪ
ǡ
Ǿ͸ӼҴ
С̫æͷù˵ūһ
ŴʼǰɣϲǡԪ˵
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뾩߲
迴ţȻŵһߣվ
ǷţҲˣúܾȣ裬Ҫȥѽ
Ȼȥش𣬡Ҹûʲôϵ
ǷģڳϦϵ֮󣬴˰㽻˾󣬰˳ɣְ֤ҳ̡֮
ȻҲܵǣȻǣ볯Ϊ٣Ŷеĳŵô˻ţȽ»ʵǻ£δжɽʱ򣬵ȻÿҺǷˡ
ˣǣϹӪӪΪüгһˣճΪһӰеԹͺ͸ֽܸоĵ
ɵ˲ŻȥһνĵܵܣûϹ
ȥĶʡ
ȥתתչȥ̽Ԫֵļˡ
ʲôϵһ¡
˵ϴӺԼˣԪ̽ˣȥ顣
ҲУ澪㵡
ȻЦЦǽǰûʲôջ˳ȥһǮׯ
īƼٽǣȥȫǿɫѧñзȣûмŵīˡ
ȻͬΪûйй䣬Ǿ߽իͷվڹ̨ϺһһʱЩò⡣
ϵƹֺۣãһŴΪһǸ˼ңЦǴİɣ
ͷϿġ
ƹȻˣʵʲô飿ƿǱ߼СĴţ⾩ȫľǼҡ
Ƴһۣô˶ЩȤȱȱ񶼶ˣʱûʲôô翴ЩӼǵ飬ƹģ˵Ĵﶼϲ飿
ƹһ֪һ߰ӣЦӺ˵ģչùء
ȵù̫ࣿ
Ǵ࣬ߵĴˣСĻӿڳƹҿ˿ѵ
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ǰҲǶˡƹĲ˵ʲôҲʶȤʲôǣƹĻ𣿡
Уʲôƿ飬١
ҿ
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ƹһ߰һȰӣСһԣŻٺ磬ܵ¹֪£ûˣǺúùȿٿ١Ȱţܿͽˡ
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ûƹ𾪡
ҸվǡЩ˼
ƹҡͷ̾ϢӰϽɡ˵С裬һѾúù
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䣬濴飬Ƶʲô𣿡
ڿʼǣһŴƸ
鰡
ͷֹһЩ
ЩԸ⣬ͷ۵ľǿ飬µͷҲû취ǴִַҳϾûвѧسף°͵Ұʷ
Ұʷͺã¿СӼˣһ
ǵУ֪Ϳòˡ
˷鱾üģӵĹƤʣô˵
һڲҲ£ǰǸ˶һ
˵
ؾʲôġ
ĥûƺء͵һ̾۵״ͿЦؿ棬ͷ¿жˡ
һҪǵı£
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172 ͬ
ѧжݵְ, мҽõĻڵ˾ǡ
ĴȻ縸׵ݺӺΪĿã֮ѾԴˡ
رǶ, Ŷ, ̫ӵ볯մȨ˾˾˸գ˶ųܹ͢ӭ
ûʲôͱ׵˵, ֱѧΪ·˾˾, ͳȫ·, ģЩԭ·Ա, ҲһһҪְµɹ³С
ѧ񾩳ǵĵطδվ, ӭľµľˡ¿ʼҲܽʱµ̯Ӹ, Ϊܶ˻Ϊ, ·˾ĵһҪǴЩ⡣
ڣ֧, ̫ǿӲ, ͢ղɳȥ, Ϣ, ǲ쵱̰֮¡
ÿ֮, Ȼֵĵط٣;̨, ̫һҶ, ղҲ䱳ϵ
̫ӵȨ, ֮ʣһɣ֮ǰѹ̧ͷϵϳãȻҲí˾Ѱֻᡣ
¿ߣʵ۾ָ氲£γãԶ̫ӵľ߲̫ǰһ㣬߸ϣʲôʲôû˵
ĵģ־ɳ֮£ѾĨһĴ˳ȻҲʼ޲õķǰС
Ȼӹΰǵ̫ӡ
æذûϻʵ۾ͽʵһʲôղꡣҹñȼ磬˯ñȹӡ
־ʢû¶ڵ³Ϊ꣬ԴӹϺȦ֮󣬾ûúЪһЪྸӣʱ䶼ûС
ֱѮڶһѣϢһ죬迼ԡ
ٿǰһ죬ϣһ߱Ŀһߵ֪Ϊʲôûʵ۶ˣ߯ô۵ģҸһתͷڸûû˶ҳԷˮʺǼҴȥҴҵػأƨɶƽˣ
ڼ鿼һԿطŲ裬ɵصص㿴¡
һдżֲ˾ֻ֪޳ܣŲɻǿŤŤ壬ֱ̱ȫͷ·𱻳ûˣʳ̵ǡûɶ
˳ۣѾûʲôˣȫ֮ĻʵۣעһΪҷףҪ龫ǣǵ֪ζ֡
£λ߸֮˸ġ
볯ãһж¿ʼæôܣȵ죬͢˾ְӦþˣɵüסΪǽ˶٣Ŀ͵ȥ˵Щ黰οһ£ȴȻ
裺˯ˡ
Сεؿ裬Сүºܾûúúˣġ
ɲƵģ˷һһСнࡣ
գȥȡ̺ӹͷԸһ
Сæūȥɡ
أŹȥѵµùҰ
⡭СЩԥⲻϹأҲû迴ӡתһ룬˭㲻ӣɳϷʲôҲǺޱÿĲԸĿƿɡ
һ뵽СӵͷСүȵȣūȥȥ
СӲһһ̫һ֣ҲӰΣ漴ʹظۡҲŹļơ
ϰɡƵůǰʱ򳤿Ҳһʵë̺轫ϡ
ȻѾǴ죬ɺڼѪ꣬ƽմ٣˷纮⳯⣬˭벻
޼ɵʱ˻ȥզզͣԴ跽һת˯
ȦŨӢǷһĨȴƣ룬ü΢΢壬Ǹŵӣ˯ƺʲô·Ĳ¡
ĵ׸ɬۣḧü䣬üͷƽˣָŸͦıһֱ£˽Ĵϡ
ƺеֲͷһ衭
Ϊ֫ٺܣ̲ס𴽽ǣӦôϲѽ
浱ȻܻشЦЦվͷƳһװʲôûĳգԼĬĬԼ˱ڻСӣϵˣŴһڣȻ̩Ȼػصǰӿ
žһ죬۾Ż谵컨巢һʲôطתͷȻԶǰͷִʵ衣
ϸ̺ӣ˰ţ©һҲ֪ǵģ䣬;˶£˿Ķˡ
ﾲģҲ֪Լ˯˶ãʲôʱҲֻ֪ŵŲֱסȻԴڶԷļϣûͷƵģЦе˵裬дʲô
ϵĶһ٣عͷˣ
ţ˯þ㡣һ˿ƣɼǸѹ
̧ƼϵԴԹһ䣬ء
潫Դֱ˫ȴûſ§סв
һ㡣
ȻûܾʱϲЦտݹȦŵ࣬˲ͷߵգƹ£ϸϸСëһͺܺסţ촽ʶشս࣡һ裬Ŷ
ӣ÷̵ĲӺ϶˶㣬Ȼ󾯸غһۣ㡣
ɵصͷš
㣬ͲˣĿϣһڰҿӡ
㲻𣿼ȻвãŹ͹˵ֲ꣬һ䣬ûջǵдһŽ飬ңȥС֮ǰȿһ飬еףһѣҾò̫ҪԻ
ű඼ˣֱҲûУڻһţغˮţ̲ס豧裬Ҫû㣬˵Ҹô죿
費ûңô޹ء轫ǰһƣȻˣͰʣµĸϽ˰ɡ
һòãߣһζ
Ȼؾܾˣá
Ϊʲô㣬նãȻûк䣬Ҳһ
ޱ㻹ǵջѵʱˡ
һ϶ʱһͣʲôʱ
ʱ
ô磡ǸϽߴޣϽȥϢԼ
͵ߣ¸Ь
һû¡
Ұ㡣
ûϴء
ҸˮˮĶŵŵܳȥſڵС׼ˣˮͽҪȥź򣬾ͱСһסʲôء
ǣȷ̫չ˺ҼүԼ
СӺٺЦ̫ӵչ˲ԼʲôϵֻҪСүźò͵ˣңٽȥɡ
տ˿棬ûʲô˵һһŴȥô죿˻ӺλСмұԺЩģ룬ƺҲûá
СӰһۣɵһСүȥμӻῼģҲʱ
⻰˵еնʱˣȥүմԺĶ
СӰ˰֡
ڣ豻˱¶һҷٻû𡣡
˵žҪ´ϽסϾǹ﷢ôѣһ飬ͷ¾˿ɢ䣬һͷ˳ֻžѩףۣæ£ˣϽ˯
أʡ
Ӱ˯һѾˡ
ͷãܲܰҹ˾
濴ǿճһĴ̣Цţǲͬˣ
۾ȥ㲻⣿
Ц֮ãĽŶʱЩβ˹̧ӣͨͷƲȴߴţϽ˯С㣡
ɫǿиɣûͻͯӼͿˣʱһҵ˭˭һء
˻֮ʣ¶й·ﵽײȻһ·£̧ͷƣģ߯ôҲ̫ˣһ仰ͱˡ
࣬ĵ׺ߺߣƽ㰮˯ˡ˵ͱ۾ȳƺ˯ƽȡ
ܷŻȴб˸ɶ
汯ߵؿȴҴ˯ſճŵĴ̣ϻӣᵽɶкջˮλü֮ԥΣĬĬ˴
˵ȿɴ¶˵ȥ
Ȼһ̣һһѴϵ򣬾¹˴̣ϸϸؽԼۣͷڣŵЬ֮ϴ
ؾɺãһͲסʵ裬˯𣿡
ûлش
סû³֮һתп˯ŵˣǳߡԴͷŲŲŲŲȻֱһͽ§ڻʱ䣬ĲӼһӶһɵҩ㣬˰ġ
ûбˣսֱۣ·ӵ磬ű۾
һ̣˶˶ϵıƿһͣǱӵ𣿡
裬ѽһҲ⣬зһЦ⡣
ϻ࣬˯ˡ
š


173 
ڶ, ˣϴϣСӱڵ, ״ԪˣСү״Ԫ¥״Ԫ⣬ܸ״Ԫ
״Ԫ¥ȥ״Ԫ⣿ʧЦҪһ飬ȴСӰһݵ, ˵״Ԫ¥ٶҲû, 𴦶ûС

̫ӵǴ, Ҳ, , һСү
Ȼ֣Ҳָݹȥ, ߸ɴҧһ, Ȼ޹𣿡
贽ɱ, ʪ妣жʱ˸Ƶ, òһ, µİ, ̲ס, ǲǳЧá
ЦЦؿһۣſ, ʾͶι
Ȼ, Ǹͷ
Цеؽȥ, ĩһ, òóԣ
ӣ۾ʣ볢ǱģԵʱմмǵһĨףչȥһȴ
һͷֻѧϡƣ˫̥ǰ߽ÿ˵ɫܾʣϡһؿʱ򻹴Σʱ仹𣿡
·ǲһȽᣬնҪǲǲǾȥˣСƲƲ졣
Ƥ񣬻ֱ׳塣
Ц͸ռ˾ռ£ʲôӡ
贺ǵһ죬мֻھǣصظͿģʵԼҵܵܲס̫Ӹ첲գҲû취
ʱܼҴͷյ߿˵仰ߵͷʾ֪ˡ
ܼʣ£ԺſѾʼйǲǸóˣ
ǳмȥɡѧ
̫ӸϾ̫ߵ費Ǽ¡
ȻЩźûм֣ǰҲȥ
ôҪغȥģ
׵ʲô㣬˵ʵҪȥʥּ쿼Чҡ
ʾ⣬ܲģʲôôռˡ
˵ҲǣԸ׼ǽǡ
䴽᲻ûǮ
ģ
ȥ裬õһˡ˫̥ȥ
*
ư֮󣬹ԺŴ򿪣ٱԣһһ롣
ϡƿڿŶӼ鼮ȴ볡ıӰЦ游Ҳûмһˣһ·ƾƾ볯Ϊ١
ɽʿ̵ͬǽһףһʿܲ˵ġѧѧѾٽ̵ˡ
˵ţ߹ƺϳǣⲻǸߴ𣿡
ѧһͷͼһͷ׵ˣЦŻ񣬡ִˣҲ
ǰС³Ϸǰһͣĸߴ˼Ҳпѧδ׾ŸţƺҲûкӣλִ˾Щ֡
ڵѧпɣһԡѧ˵űϡƵλĸѧʿִˡжִ˽ܣ׾游깫ϡƱ˱ȭ
깫һִ˶ʱȻ˵ѧ׸깫ָܿе죬мҶҰˣʲôʱһˣ˾ӣ
ɻУѾһһ볡ԺżرգԺֵȴ
̫Ӹԣһӵɼ̫٣һȴǽһɫ̫࣬ŵλεʥּ
̫ӵµ
ʥּ
£һͬڹԺſꡣ
ԼҺԵĹԱ٣Է׷׼һĻغྩٶʶʥּǴ˻ʵۣһͷǵȣȨ̫ӣ֪ΪΣʲôʲôûУɾӲؿһ˿ŵζ
ԺȻǲܹˣٴŸٷ׷״߳˿Ǳߣ⡭һʱ䶼֪ͬһնʱΡ
غβң¶ãһͷСӷɲɣҲһͬǰ
ڶԷݣغ̲ס̫ӵ£Ӽʥּġ
ʥּһɨһЦµģ
غͷһ飬ǿЦӽƣھӡ
Ŷ˵̧Ŵ󲽾߽Ժغɫʱ̫ӾȻϵӶȻһͣ˽ŲͷƵּعɫ磬Ҫˡ
һѾæԸ˵Ͻȥ׼ּ˵ڨЦߵغߣع롣
غһ߽֮ȥ
һԺű㻺رգߡ
Ȼߴһ̾ϢѧϡƲͷִѧʿŵǡ
࿴һۣѧִֵ̧ˡ
ߴˣ̫ӵ죬ȰһȰฺۣδǶʥԿɶ·
λִѧʿֻǸѧ֮ˣ֮ܳ͢£ԵλүɣҲûǿӲֶαȹҲѵõ徻ˡ
Ȼѧѧʿϣʿ֮֮ͣڴ˿̶Ըѧô˵Щ֣Ǵһ淴ӳ̫Ӳһ£ȻЩġ
뵽ѧɫִָ̡
˿ȻѾʼͿ֮Ҳɢȥִѧʿ˼Ƭ̵ڸΪ̫ã
˵꣬ٶԣףȥͽѧ΢ԭء
˫̥ţСǵϴʲô˼Ҫ̫ӳô죿
С˪һ˪̫ǳףҾ͡ͺôҲ˵Ͼ̫ӣֻܵߣʲôɽˣƭ˵ģ
˵꣬˸ͣ˶ţ򣬡㡭
ϡŭϾ侲࣬Ƕ룬ִѧʿЩ죬̫ҲʮüˣһֱûˣȺ࣬Ͼ֮ǰûʶҲˣǡ
ѧҡͷûʲôѹȥˡ
ϡ¶ɻ󣬡Ӧð
ѧụ̈һĨǳŹԺķܾ̫ӴȨգͺ¥һ㣬ʵҲ̫̤ʵ
ϡƵͷúúһʡ
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Ժڣ㰸ȫ˳һʣЩſٶæŽ強ȹڴԺʥּ
վһߣĿпɨĩβϣ΢΢쿼УȻûһüĿ㣬ʳѹһģ
ֻҪ跢棬һվڽǵϣվ涼ܺȺĿ⡣
ʥּʵ٣ϾĻʵۣ֮ԣȻＤõӣҲ֪Щϻһ̫ӵµĿʵʣϸϸشϻʶнţɵֱͦ
̫ӵĿãҲ˳˳˵ʵ䲻һ£ǳ͢ȻһµӲϰ䲼пɿһЩԾŵľѡ
̫ӽ٣Ȼ뿴Щ֮Ƿ񿰵Σ
˼УǶû⵽ʥּ˵ЩʲôֱһմˡŻȻӦŶˡ
ǰؽӹʥּغתվһԵ棬ɵƤЦⲻЦ̫ӵкѵ룬ЩȻɾ͵ƿˡ
ʥּһѣغ꼸͹ȥˣۿͷգҲöϻֻһԵ͢Ĺ٣ɱһһһԿȱܶ࣬˽紺¼ȡһɣǺúŬ˵ˡ
غ
¹ǰͷʥּλŽأֱջĻǰֻʣ԰
κһְţƿ֮˲ϣͨʸһЩЩǨн
Щ˵Ŀ˲䱻ȼһ˫˫۾ſͷͼǿƱҪú÷ӣȡţ
ںţ򴽣︡Ц⣬ץĵıԳһֻҪЩ˸УȻλ̫ӵ¸ж¡
غޱ飬̫ӵºñ£Ͽ֪£
عȥʲ֪𣿡
̫ӵΪϿɲˡ
ɹ¶Ϊ˴˳ѡͣظʻ½İɡ
ϵĿͷˣʥּҲˣ̫֮ѵҲˣæ̫ӵ£عƿʼλ׼ȥأһ
µĻᡣ
°Ẉ̂ٴŹٲЩ強ⷢ
浧˵ǳ͢ѡͲҪһ¼ȻˣٲôٿЩλῼǮȥæɡ
غʵ̫Ը£Ȼһ뵽˳۵Ҳ΢΢һЦӼҷҲѲӿ
ˣڣһ̾λЪϢ¹ٷַԾ֮롣
˵㳯ȥغҲƵظںͷ
ȵӣԵС̫ϲ裬泯СƳһ۵䣬Źϡ
һأеغЩߺȻһءһִֻļϣһͷͿ¶һƵЦݣ¶˿ġ


174 
غͷһ, ԼǲϹ۵ĺЦݸһɾؿ棬̫ӵ, кδͽ̣
غǰ˴գȻʼϵ½̿ۡ
غ۾ɵ˵ɣɲϿ˿, ׼½Ҫʲô̫ӵ£ 
õ㶫, صе˵ţڽ⿪½, ǰ̫ͣۿ, Ѵеü˺һغĿɿڴ֮£ȡһֽ, Ʊ, غǰ
Ǻһغй, ܲס۾ֱƱƮ, ֪⾿ж٣ȴʣ̫ӵ, Ǽ˼
, ڹǰͲҪװɵ, ҪҪƱǰ˵ݣЦе˵ĸļױжͲ˵ˣӺ˰ɹСЩֻǵһɡ
غļ򣬻ؽֱϵĸ¸ϣּ˲յĺһڡ
غⱲջô󷽵ĵһμͿϵƱӣԼһŵһĺȣƾִĿͲ¶ʮŵһ
ʿˮ۾ؿƽȻֵҲ裬򶨵̫ӵ£ūŲǸˣҪôҲûãҴˡ
һ̫ӵ뷽ֺĲͬһ˿̽
üëһ٣
ǣ£ūž˼ǡغû˵꣬Ͱ˰֣ˣȺúÿپ𲻴Ӧ£һֲٿ⡣
°ŬŬϾغ촽ûҶˣֱӽЩƱùһ̯һ̯һ˵Ҳˣ̫ʵȻֻһ֮ңվǣʲôʱ򸸻ʿҲ˳ˣȦҲ˵͸һھ˭Ҳš
һƱغǰ澹һģ
أѾʮˣͣҷ˷ʷ飬ʵ٣ģͿˢ»ʵ۳ļ¼ˡ
ĵػУһƱغǰһ
Ϻ鸣죬СĻӿڳغµƱѵ
ʲô֪֪֪֪ǹǾ˵ġ
滰ϣһƱ£غ⣬ôţѾʮˣ
˵ĶˣŶˣٸ٣ɽһ죬˳ɽǵֵǹ£ǶǾҵЩܵǣǰӦпܵǻİɣƱʱĿغϣ߶˶ƺ˵ʲôձ죬ֳĬ˵⡣
΢΢һӣǰǲʷ̫ӵĻᣬ˵Բԣ
غ˲ֶʱһЩؿ档
·û뵽ʣأûˣô죿
̫ӵ£ūſûôࡣ
Ŷ𣿡ֽƱغǰһػ꣬һ֮أһЩӺòš
غ˳Ƥ̫ӵкθ߼
һһŷţ㽫µĶԼ
غվ̲סǽӹȻסˣǡ
ҵϵرУҪȥӺլӣ飻ȥϣլԺ֮磬㹻ѡõطˡ
Щҵһغִһ㣬ûʮҲò£ʱ֣Ҫ£᲻ã־á
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˳ھھǣȴһºķŰ, Щ֮, Ѿʼʫ, ؿʡ
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ΪˣҲɴཫһӦȫظιҩ˵, ֣֮תձȥˣϡ߽̫Ӹ
ū춯
м̾ɳŹصսָơ
˳۽깫񻪹, ȻɳŹزµľ룬ūԣȴȥĸ, ⼸, ߹սһֱϣڶס, ʧࡣ
ǡ
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⡰۴ĸִ˵һҲΥͣ⽫ԼмˣϡŲһ飬ĵøߵľ
ܳ𣿡ʡ
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⻰Ҳ̫ˣ˵ʵװ׵ģÿϣô嶯
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ǰ棬ͳŵڵıǻһǰ, ڹ˶ͷдʱĿʶΧȥ
ոռڵֿͣǰ, ֮˻ʵ֮⣬λ󳼵, ׷״һ˿̾, Ҳиִ
עʵ֮ʱ, Ĳһ£һͷͼʵ̫ӵ£λ깫ĹӰɣ
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̫ӵ¿֮ˣδעЩڨЦ
⻰ƺûʲô⣬ܾûл
һλʵô¿֪λйӼпл䣿
ǰǰ
棺˲ޱ飬˪
ԸԶ裬ĵȻˣͷǸΧģ
̫أ깫ӣʿڣ˵Ǹ״Ԫῡ㣬ҪŮҲΪŮвˮֱð
£˵ΧĴֵѯһ䡣
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غѵһźĿⲻƳЩӡ
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ʮ꣬ɱĸɱ֮, ֮, Ȼȫ, ȳǸغ붼öһ
ع, ôˣ֪ѾصУԪӵڳ
˾̫ಹ·˵ȵ, ˱, Ǹͷȴֱ, ūϥɸ, غΪۡ
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غʱ۾
Ԫһߣڵ˳۸Ȼͽͽѯʡ
С̫ùĸ˵յ֪صظù˰ռ٣ȥТ
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ǣһͨ
غһʥŨ񡣡
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߽мŵʱջ֪ʲôǰһŴ컨ˣͷϵ״ԪϻŸСɫƤֺÿġ
զˣ𣿡濴Ǳüͷ뵽սЩСϱǺֵģͷЩʹ졣
˫һ֪Ϊʲô͸еЦ۵ԭΪǵĹҶȽ֣˭ʹʾû뵽ˡ
ģĶˣҪңŶñȥ
䣬С㣬С㣬ýˡ
״Ԫյ˵ý˫̥࿴һۣȻЦ
ĲٳˣñӶˣøѧϡ߽׵ô£趼ѾˣǾͲǰһ
⻰˵ĺòҪϡƿЦõһҺáöɣټҲ˭û»˵ԼҵܵѾõģǵ̫ӣ
ûĳӣȻ󱳶棬ָָ컨ҽһ¡
˺˳㽫ͷڸʱ˿磬§סԴյѩ׵ľһڣ̫˵Ƶ裬ôôأ
˲ͷЦ԰ǲǰ𣿡
ֻһ˿
żǿë׵ԴҲĶ
ȻȻߡ
֮Ҿ͸ȥʲôҾʲôòãЦŹƻζļŲ˲ܾ⻰ڶȫܲˣǸɴһѽתͷȥ
§סĲӣӦ
еĲصĶʼڴ˿֮µȻ޴棬Ӷֻһġ
΢΢Ϣ֮У§µŻȣ裬ôʲôңһҡҰѳֲסô죿
۾ˮ󣬺׵Ĵ򴽽ǣ˭ѳˣ΢ƣһ˿˿Թ
ü죬öôؿײŬװ˾ӣȴһǻˣ̲֫סԺֲ˵Ļ棬ĿⲻؿʼƮʵ档
벻ܲˣǻһңһ˵ٵȵȣȸ׼áſ֣ѡ
ϵĲԼһˮ֮΢ƽһϢغˡ
֮е£üӹˮԴ
ô죿
һߺȲ裬һߵϵ۲࣬ʹ޵Ӧñǳ⣬ǵԵ̫ϣɻıǶʮǰ֮£ȻᵽڻšȻӹ֮Ѵ£Ҫر̫ǰϣ˿̱֪H¡
ƺˣʹһȣ
ôʱ䣬ѵһ㶯û𣿡ʡ
ش𣺡Ȼǣɩҹϵ飬ϣһ棬Ҳ֪Щѫ󻬲֣Ψֱ֮ĶҰ
ԵһҲû
ţ˵ˣͲȥԾľûκͬ飬ر£û侮ʯѾˣ裬֣
ԪſѺĲ¡
Щԥ᲻
ڴ֮ǰȸ֪һһҪġ
ɿᡣ
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ڻʹ԰ԷУƽʿҡ
ΪȨ̫ӣһڽʿȵĿ㶼ϣʵ۶û١
˳֮Ц乣ȴУЦ̫ӽտɵúúÿЩʿǳ֮͢ǰ԰ʵ
һʿһǰֱ룬ޣҪôʿݼϰҪôֱӳΪС٣ǶҪȻᣬ˳һھǸЩʿʵȨְ֮氲ãν˸⡣
õطȱˣҪ氲Ųף˳۶˵൯
Ѳ棬ֱӶȺ໴ǣԴĽʿʲôʵ£򵥣λ·˾ĸ˾ȱˣǺúñ֣նྴλŻе
֪·˾̥ڵ˾˾ȴ֮вͬǸиҵʿũӽĲţŵͷҶĸ֣Ӻһɽÿ·˾ԱҪ飬رʵӵҲζǰٵЩ
·˾ճʱͷܽӵѧۣУԱһһܶ඼ȥµĺ٣ͦϢ͵Ժŵطⷢȡ
ϵĹϢȽŨȴ֮һǻѪЩ½ʿȽϺãǿͿͷɣ濴һģ⡣
ʵ˶ɵ۳͢ǰ;ĵطĶ·˾ֱ̫ϽƣӺĹԱôܿ
̫ôһ˵ѧʱЦãﲻҵǸʵˣֵȱȷ׼࿴ӡ
֮£˳ȤȱȱͷһԪ磬Ĭ죬ĿʫĽʿϣһĨ΢Цɫ棬رǽ״Ԫ׽֮⡣
˳΢棬Щˡ
غæڵūźع
һԪعʵ뿪ȴ˳۵Ԫ޿Ҳʶܵѡ״Ԫó顣
Ԫһϡ
˳۰˰֣غһݡ
ٹٹͻϡ
شɹ·ϣغ̲ס̧ۿ˳ۣĿȻ֪ΪΣȴ׼ز׽ߣôл˵
غһߣһ߻ͷԥ֮ôùˣ
ţ
غֹͷû˵
һ˳۾л˵ϻƣʲô˵ģȻǺЦĿҲغ͸оͷƤ飬ֱ͸ĸо
˳۷Ҳ˵֧ϣùӺƺ״Ԫɽơ
ţвŻ֮ˣοƷòѰ˳۲
˵ǣ
ţ
״Ԫ̫ӵµˣмҲѾվ̫ˡ
˵Ԫ˽̫ӣ
ūŲҷ顣غ˵꽫ͷõ͵͵ģֱա
Ȼ˳һ֮Цڰ֣ˣԪӣȷ֤ݣ⻰Ͳ˵ˡ˳̽ԪܶΣÿεĽ⡣
غԪ֮ĶԹ˳һ˵Լľ档
غԽԽ̰ԪĲմȫˣȻΪ̫̰࣬˳ۿʲôûִ硭ɵؿغһۡ


178 
ö֮ؾλùһ, Ŀڶࡣ
Ԫ类ĵˣɵ棬˵ѵñܻһ
û뵽̫ӵ´Ϲһģ, ùҲǸ, ϱй
̫ӵޡ
ϧˡ˵ļ, Ǹο, Ȼδ֮ȴô
Ԫɫ΢ǻʵƺ˦ˡ
ʵһߣ̫Ϊ˿ȴҶ˵ʲô, ܿɢˡ
Ԫشɹշ֮˳ҲѾ֪Ԫ°͵̫ԽԽ֪ߵغˣΪ˳ɽԪί
Ԫҡҡͷ, ūûʲôί
㰡, Ϣ˵ӡ˳ϴЦȴ䡣
ԪҲ˵, ڴʱغ߽ؽһӵݵ˳۵ǰ, ɳŹؾ
ù˿, Цһ, ˣūָˡ
غʣ֪彫ֵܲܵס
ɳŹ꣬Ҫǻס󽫾ҲˡǴһ㣬Ҳóô˻ὫмҾҾ
غʱƨӢ
ҹźʵ۾֮ԪصסС߶ϴ裬׼ԪϴţԪ翴һۣСߵſ˳ӿţġ
Ԫ˵ͷ˭ˣ
Сһ߸Ԫϴһ˵̫ӵߵŹ
˵ʲô
̫ӵ˵ҲͰˣͲȥҲ̫ˡ
Ԫˣɫ΢΢һһ仰
Сˡ⻰ŹҲ֮ʱСײҵļŴæ˵ģ֪㲻㡣
롭ԪһӣŹݣҪ˿𣿡СΪߵĴ̫࣬˰ͽᶼײҲֻ˵Էۡ
ô⻰̫ӵ¶˵ģ
Ԫס
Ϊʲô̫ӵºȻҪǸ
Ԫһ̾ɼҪԲҵ顣
С죬ˡ
ʲô̫ӵ죬ʵıûʲôȻ£չ黹
С߲⣬ѵǻʶ𣿡
ʶԪʧЦһʲôʶ޷ǻڻ֮Уżˡ
Թ̫ӵǻ޷֣һֻʵλһֱǵȼݱλ
ǰһ֣ʷ飬ëǣһ֡Լ취Ū˳ۣôǻʵ۶
СźȻЩѹǸô찡
㴫𣿡

ţ֪ҪʲôҲãһֱȥҲġԪ˵ţС߲ˡ
ǲǻΣգС߹еʡ
֮вΣյģܸҳһ·ҲֵˡԪЦ˵ĺÿʹ統ʱǰɬҲǿζɣûһ⡭˱۾֮СߵˣȥɣЩϢ
ǡ
*
ûλɩɩɩɩ̵ؽȴС͵
ûа취ţЩõĹ󸾣Χھߵѫ˸ûӰմȾϾ ̫ӵ²á
ʲôû˵ֻһ䵭ģþԮϴ棬ҧҧ̫ӡ
û뵽̫ӵ²ܺõһ䣬Сֶǲˣ
һ£ɴǰ̫ӵ°ǹ¶ĸɣүڹҲ֪ʵڵġ
պˮԣᲨϰϰ΢̫Ӹľͬһ㣬ţʵû̫Ȥ˱Ƚףྐྵӿ顣ȻΪ˽еӿǶι˽
ЩԭͶιǹӿӲ׷£ȥٲ
£ͷ̧̧֣ЦһϣɩɩôţµĶԹûϵС
Ҳ֪ûע⵽ǹЩһΣСվͤ̫ӵ¡
ɩɩûҲͰˣѵŶûУ
ҡͷûУÿʣ˵ãͲȥﲻ
°ͣǾ͹ˣʮǰľ£ʲôϵô˷ѽ⡣
ǰ˵ѾηԾҲûˣʺԩѩǻ½үǣҲаô͡
ô˵ɩɩҲ֪Ϊʲô
ҡͷ֪ǻǰү빬̽ĸֱӱڹûã˾ΪͷβҶһͷˮ֪ʲô¡
˵ͷû˵
ڨڨģ
Ȼһݵǰһ̫ӵ£Լ
ѽɩɩαСģǰֲû㵹ЦЦһ£Ȳ衣
æ˹ˮüβһƺˣָ棬ĿڵɩɩȻ󵽹ϣҲӲܡϧκ˲ü˶ȻǼġ
ʱ¶ʧ˵ֵжͣ»ܰæ
Ȼȴɿصùּ£Ӳ˽֮ǰοϷС
Цһɩɩˣ˵ùڸǰˣϧǸûӦ
Աһ
԰˻ǱȽģɩɩʵ㣬Υ游ʰˡ
Ҹô죿
󰡣һͻᶯҡͺñȹ£֪Բң˭ֶأ
˵
СĶܲͬ顣
滰£۾һͷãл̫ӵָ㡣
æлɩɩһ벻žۣ
㶣žۣ
ǰҲ
̫ӿϰǣ
濴Цžص̫ӵҪʲô
һʯˬ죬ֲ˾ɩɩ
ֳ޵ĻԽ˵оԽûף̫ӵֱԡ
򵥣Ҿ֪ӹ֪£²²⣬˵ʲôҲûС
ʵҲв²⣬ûõ֤Ҽү
ͽȥҲܴɩɩԲ֪ˡ
Щëһŵ棬׽Ļ¶ΪѣɶҪѲ飬ùҲԲüдʲô
ЦɩɩȻ¸ô˵Ȼа취㰲ļɡ
û֪
Ȼ֪ɩɩӦϵЦݲ
Ļ˵ˣ³һˣá
˵꣬ЦӣͿ͡
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治²ˣд˷ŸغСûŪˣںúõضԸԪ硣
裬˵غ϶᲻Ϲ
ԪϸģغһֱץסҪİѱηŹһɾˡе
ҺҲûʲôæ
Цһ˵һæˣ۵֣ҾͲԪûغˡ
ʱȻŶˣ裬ͦģȻԪð˺ܴһգҲܽ˻Ὣߵļ϶
Ԫֿǲƺڰǣҡ
ΪˣͲøѪ𣬿Ҹһ˳Żԣλˡ
΢΢һЦϾǻ۰Ķӣиġ
һһ㸸Ҳĥûˣ˳۳˶ûѡ
У˵ʲôʲôһӣһʣȻһӣҵӡأΪ˱ݣø̫ӡ
ȻԼĺɰȡһСӡҵġ
ţ
̫ӣʲôбҪλε𣿡
һŶ棬¶·ҲܽԼժɾ
Ȼ˭֪ߵˣӡ̫ӱʼ㹻ˣغҲɡ
⵹Ҳǣ˸£ȻСӡ棬裬Ժ𣿡
Ϊ״ԪȻ뺲֣󣬵ҲС
Ƚغҵʡȥ
ȥǶʲô
گ
ôһ˵ʱˣؼӻʵ۵һһ
ȻگʡԪڻʵߣ̽Ҳס


179 ͨ
һº, Ԫڵȵ˾һ¥
ӼİﲻæԪһξܾ
Ȼȴ, Ԫüͷһ, Ͻÿʹá
ùŮ˼ɷ, ǲһ棬ֻϣһܹοүض˴һ, ͷһЩʳ, Ů˵, кĻģľ񣬡æү
ⲻϹءԪΪѵ
ù, ʱ, Ľ尾, ŷ, Ӧұ㲻
Ԫ¶ԥĿⲻɵǻĺľ, ԥ, վ̾˿, , ղߣաڹţ˹ȡ
ˣʱΪЦжл˵ű˼ƱԪȴûգԼŰɣӼҲΪ
Щӣл
ԪͷסҪдֽţҶ鷳뾰Ҳ
۾á
ѺһĶֵأС̫ź⣬κˣڸտʼʱйȻйЪ˹ջǹڳһ㡣ǵһʲЩʳߣԼӵĻʱվӯ
ԪӸţ޶һаãĵš
ʵɱͲһֱôʵ̫֮Ľ䶨֮ʱ뿪ʹ֮ա
Ԫ籾Ը⣬Ȼ֮£ֻٴΪ䴫һȥѲˣ͸غᡣ
ԣԪ粻УֻغԼ취
ʦǵһֱҲᣬͽĶùһֱ飬ǷĲȲ𣬲䲻ˣô죿С̫
ô죿غⲽǾͻǵˡ
᲻̫ðˣ
ʲôûзգǣ³֮󣬼СӼչˡ
ǡ
Ԫźʵ۳ʱСߴյߵ˳ӺȻˣ̫ҽһʱȥ
˳ӱھ̫࣬ҪͽȥȻҪ֡
Ǿͻˣ˭յǰˣ
С
ԪЦЦ濴СƲΪͦʵ֡
Сߺǹͱغˣû뵽ػģ
عҲ᲻öӡԪ絹ûʲôŭֻһ̾ҲǣǣóԿͷˡ
Сҡҡͷģ̿ūҲʲô֪
Բס
*
СǸʵͽС̫࣬ͷºܱ֣ǽ߽˾
£Ͷˡ
ڿ飬̧ͷЩȵô죿
ǣ
С˵꽫ӷϣûæߣʱ̧ͷһۣİɵʣ˳أ
ӣùūˡ
ӣȻƿȴһλεط棬ʱһֻСߵü˳۵£ǰû취λš
ӳƺѰζˣ϶Ԫ硣
Ѻô£ԪһĻû˵δκ¡
ŴţצĹӶʱǰ͵һ֮ЦʣǲӦأ
СվɴͷСүǾ͹¿ˡ
͵ץֽţɫң
Сû˵
վڵⲽŲԽԽ죬͵ضס֪˵ʲô
С̧ͷ΢΢һЦǲ֪þܾˣԥô֪ͣġ
˵ĻضСɲΪ
֪ûôЩܵ
С˵Ӹÿǵ⣬ūֻ¡
˿⣬ȻЦû뵽Ԫ羹Ȼߵˡ
СδĬˡ
صصͷã̫̫ȣǱͳȫдŨŨ⣬ֽأ
ūŴˡСķıھϡ
ͷš
ǡ
ûԥд˳ֶ£棬ҲԺ͸ְĸףеĲң߸ϵĻʵɵģ
֪жд̫ãȻֳУ±ʼ죬̫ӣ
Ȼùô⾩˭ù
ŽСʱһ䣬һһʮش𸴣ûϣسŵ
·ġСӹţӱ뿪ˡ
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ҹ˳Ǳغѵģõʲô£˯Σʵۿɫ
غС˵ϣм
˳΢΢һüͷš
Ѿůʵ鷳һѣƻ۾żʱ
ϣʲô𣿡
˳ɫأһ˿꣬깫ء
¹깫жܻʵۼɵ綨һȴ˷²ɳŹأ񻪹شҲūɵ
˳۲Ϊ⼸ūԴΪȡ깫ûм㿴ūֻǻССֵɧһ
ö˶˵ģ깫ôʱأغɻ
Ҳʮˡ˳Լʮһ뵽Ϊ£깫غɽã겻ѡ
ϣ
壬ٶмҾūˣֵס
ǡ
޼ǵмҵļŮҲǳɫ졣
غūҲš
˳ôʣһʥּмңɳŹҪ桭Ӿ
غҵ飬Ӧ£̸֮һСͽһɫߵҴԶˡ
˳û˯⣬붯мңΪܹõֵֻӺǲöˣԶɣҪȥ̽飬ͼһС̫༱Ҵ߽ϣͳ
ʱ䡭˳ֲ̫õԤУǵͷ
ͳȥ֮󣬱ΣϥڵϣȻһųϣǳһ̫ѵġ
ŷûҲ޲⣬˳˺ȡš
ͳڵϣͷ£Ҷ࿴Ȼһ춯һյ豻һˤڵϣˣ
Ʋסķŭյ趼ֹסͳеףҲһϽأϢŭ
غҴææܽһϣôˣ
˳ûдĿˣͳû̧ͷɺɱ̵ëȻ
Ż˭˳乵ʡ
ͳ£ûûУְһõ͵ǰҴ򿪡
˳粻ؿƺڱ⻰αͳȫӲҶһ£˳۵ĿƿȥǸ̫Ѻ˶̿Ѻ󣡡
ͳһӦ𣬡ǡ
˳۸غԪ޴
غаϲȴԣһǵģȥԸźܿת˻
ϡһ裬˰Ƭū񶼲֪ʲô
Լ˳۽ûŷⶪغæؽӹװģش򿪣Ȼһ߿һߵɴ۾⡭˭дģ
ţ˳ҧϹȻʲôˣ
غզ࣬˳ܻģһ˫ɵز
ʱԪ类ڵǰղֵԴӴϱץģϵ·ûãͷɢҡŵһĻ̵̻ģɻֺµؿ˳ۣϡ
֪˳ҧгݵ֮ǰĳ谮׽ȫȻֻʣһƬ䡣
Ԫֵ̿ҡҡͷū롭ָʾ
˳۱뽫Ƿˤϣ޷֮ڿڣֻضԪݣ֫
ſ޺ڵ𣬾¿Ѻ֮һһˡ


180 ޱ
ҹɹƻͨ, ˲ˣŪùĻ̡̻
Ԫڵ, ϲֻʣȴƽ
֮кܿˡ
ӹ뾰ഫݶ¸ס, عź;Ѻ̫·֮̾ˣ˶ָϵԪϣûλʵǰĴָʹǸͨڡ
ԪҲûϣһ, ʲôҲû˵, ͷūŸūиʶ, 𷣣
Сһ, æһѱһؽ, , ùþһٶؿధ, ΪѴӦ, úüֻһЩʳߣûб, 죡
ôĵ, , κ˽Ӵùܲʥּ˽Ϊ𣿡غһţЦǽ˻ᣬȳ²ְɣ
Ԫ̧ͷūûУ
ûУʲôغǷţǽСѳģ
ԪһǷţʱɫһףܡūüдֽţСûҵôҡ
ҹͳǡϣѲ飬ǵõ̫ӵˣغдʣԪٿĪģһ󳩿죬˵ûģ
̫ӵĸ˳۾Ȼۣ˭˭
ʱ棬ô˾͵øۣ
Ԫ·һƬհףʶǰץס˻ʵ۵°ڣϣūһĹ̫ӵ´κιϵūŰСūʣо£ūŵȷһʱӦ˶ֻΪȫһƬ˼֮飬Ҳ뾰ʣ
ԪָԵغһͨģΪֹҲ֪дʲôҲ˵ѡ
ϾôˣԪҲһɳ˿꣬и飬οˡ
˳ۿкᣬŵò֪룬һ԰׾ģԶһЩ֮ģӦˣȥС
ԪϣغһЦϹǡ
ʵһѹûСôĵȻһҹû˸ץסˣغʼĩ֮ʱûع
غҲ֪һʥʹѲӣһͽдǷݻûȵŸˣͽһţŲ˵£Ӽһ˰ɡ
ϥһԵڵءھװƣû뵽ȴ﷭
̫Ӿôģ
ʱغһľ߽ɹͨһϥأ밲
Ԫ̲סͷ˾һۣҲﶼдĸ֡ô£
غѳӳʵ˳ǰһӵĶ˳ѹûֱǷţѾˣǹӳǰһһпȥ˳Цˡ
Ŷ޴ֵ֪ܾ
Ц͵͵ģƺڸǲ˷ŭߺڳеĹף֪ʲôʱ͵ըĵ
ˡô죬ֻܿͷġ
˳ûŷŭ⵽˶ƽŲô£
ｫ²ϽԪ˸顣֤ݶ˳Ķٺ˵˵ֻһһʮʵ
ȻԽô˵Ԫ۾ԽһŵģֱԩԩūŴûָʹСʲôţūŲ֪飬в£˵Ĵ˿˺ɤʣСأСأ
أĹؼƺ͵С̫ϡ
ʱͳҴϣСѾԾ
䣬ԪƱһסûˣ۾ɵôؿҡҡ׹
Ȼ˳üͷ
Ծ⻰غʵģ˿ĶĶ˭Եģʵ
⡭ҧĶңˡͳɫѿµģǹϣְ²𷣣
ô޶֤ˣ
˳һЦɭĿڵһһɨڵϵԪϣ૵ģǹݺūš죡͵ض˳ۿͷʯשĵֱ죬ò
ԪԴӵϴ֮ҲûôǱ
ϵСߺµĻɵˣʲôǲ
˳ٲԸʲô֤֤ڣֱһ֣ȥ
غһɣæͳһ񣬺æϵԪСѺȥ
ʵʵعţҶ˵һ֣ɷ֪ʵۻô
ôǻӣܲûУǺ¡
ţûһ˸ҷСС£˳۷·˵ϵĶӣŶ
ڡ
ȻôȥǾ͸޶ž۰ɡ
⻰þʱ̧ͷ·һ㣬ţǽеĸܵΪ֮ŭּ𣬶ž֮⣬Ȧۡý
ϣһʵ۵ãȻġ
Ǳܳȥģû˷ţʲôǡ
ڻʵǰ徻ˡ
غСĵһԣֻˮ衣
ͷɫѾ֪һҹôȥˡ
˳ûģɱĸôˮƣҲ֫ٺ֫ýӲ
ȻЩ벻ˣغ˵޶𣿡
غ¸ЦһĵѲһ殳裬ʵиˣȴϻ̳Ͽֵ϶ùĳ谮ǰݰ뱲ӵūŶżʣ֪㣬ʶ
⻰˳ͬȥȥ̫ˣûһԪʥ費ϡ
Ϊʲô
⡭غ̫ӵɡ
˳۴Цյ˵ϣؿϷ䣬ʱҿȿȡ
ϣغҪ˲裬ȴֲյˣֻܴҴȥٶһյ˿˳Ѿȵɫ죬ƺҪѷιӶÿȳ
غļʱһڲȥ췴ĺ˳ˣҲٲϣҲѾнľ
޻˳Ļʵۣ棡
غͷõ͵͵ģûҽӻ
մ󳯣ʱѾˣٹӦѾ빬ţڳϣغȷʵӻܲϳʵϣǷ˽糯
˳ۻع³һȥһ
ǡغʣūȷЪϢɣ
˳ûԣȷˬ
غ˳۱۾£һѸ߳ڵǵЦڴɹڱεʱȴտһá
Ȼȴ֪ǣһߣһΪ۵С̫߽ڣϡ
˳۾ûֻǷԸȥ糯̫𣿡
С̫Ҳʣǡ
˾úõظ޲һ飬ɹе̹ˣҪŹ
ǡС̫ԥһ£ϣعأ
顣
ǡ
˳˵꣬۾˯¡
С̫Ųˮȥ
ȻµԪ磬ûغʲô˾˳ԶɣȴҲǵòˮʯ


181 
Դӵ̫, ˯ñȹñȼ, һϳ, ѵи, ǴС²ϡ
˵ƷԺãϳֻȥî̫Ӹ, չȥһҲš
ͷССĽ, ۾һ̾һţҪʼˡ
Ÿն§סԺ, ϳŴ, һӵζֵͷ˿ģ޲ñ۾ٱ˯
᲻ѽ
᲻ã־ᶨӲ., ⲻĹͷ, ˳ʲĸȥ
û취, ⳯͢ⶼ̫Ӳϳ͵н, ǲ˾Ǽ, ǰ߾³̽, ߾»ʵҲ硣
§ϵЩ鷳¶˽˾ѣʹֻСŲֻǸһֻ֣ͲԴļϣ촽Ķ䣬ư˯ѵղȥˣϲϳ
Ϊɶϳ빬ֵҹʵ۵ľжήҡֲ϶糯ˡ
뵽ͷʣȥװӣ
ǳɾĺ꣬ƣװǻơ
治ȥҲ٣Ǳ֪ʵ۲ϳɴһˡζҹ﷢һλ̫ӵ֪ǷݷھﱻѳţһƵζͱ˳۸Ʒˡ
ֻҪɻ󣬲»ʵ۲ϸ顣
֪⣬ôȥӴһ˾ǵطǱλҪ¡
˾ƹŵūţñɫ˭֪ȥǵطѲƤνһ
ԭˣʱѣɫЩףæŴȥıʣͷùϻô䣬ûµóĿܣ˵ܹݣǹҡ
ԭϳģ滹˯һһ£żԪ磬ֻһͬһߴһͬСӷԸȥ
Сͷһ£Ƶ£ǲ鵽ͷϣʵù̫ӵ𣿡
ǹ²ŲʣҪ
СƶǶһӵȥúһ£ù飬žͳˡ
Сӿ裬ߵ˵ͷ
ʵ۸̫Ĳϣ˴ղлĴҲ֪ô£ֻҪûдѱ˭˺Ƥ̫ӻá
ӾˣʵҲط಻᲻صس𼸾ˣеһշͻ֮ʱ塣
ûʲôӰ죬ǶԪͲһˡ
Сûԥȥš
*
дţ˳ĵݵǸϵجΡ
ӰУϡǸˣһ򡱡
ɲǼ䣬۾
⳹״ͷغڣС̫ĬĬվһԣ˳֪˵
̫ӵ½δϳ
ˣ
֪
˳жʱ۾û
С̫˵һ磬˾й˰ѯùϢ
˭ˣ
ԭжˣ˵ܹùĶݡ
жǻʺԭס֮ĸƽ֮󣬷⳾Ĺ´򿪣˻ʺĻ񣬰λ˼ĵط
˳صЩطĹ˻ʺӡ
ȻǾˣЩ޹ؽҪ֮ˣҲ֪ʲôϢҲڣǹʹòЩ˳ɱɱ
˵ʲô
С̫̽ù
Ŷ
ϻη䡣
˳ˣ͵ЦҲ棬Ԫôˣ
С̫˶٣˾˾̫ͽܣɵʵߣԪһɣҲغ׽ǳ䵱ʵ۵۾ȳ˺غô֡
ʹҲ׼ʵ۶Ԫ˼ŵ˵ͷ
˾һͷҲܵˣʵ۳ĬƬ̣˵ʲô
ʲôûС
ţ
ùֻ˵ΣһŲϣȻ󡭡ʵۿС̫ཫιȥˡ
ΪʲôΣ˳۲ʣֻһ﾿ΪŪζûʳȻǲ֪ʥֱ̾Ͳö֪ˡ
С̫ͷһҲҿԣòʵ
ҲͷùȻûУߵС߹ᵽС˵ǾѺԭ˳ӣֻǺӣʱС档
˳۵ƺЩ
ūϸ飬̫ҽԺмǵ˳ӵȷȻǻ̫ҽģС
Ϊ
̫ҽ˵ǳĳЩ֮𣬵ҪˡС̫˵ֲ꣬һ䣬Ҫ
ʵ˵˳Ѿһƽˡ
ԪȻܳ裬ҲΪС΢οܵûʵۣɹڲȱС̫࣬ô˸֮
˳۵ǻ֮ʱҲѪȷ֮дģ񹴽Ṭ̴ϢҲûٸɣԪӦϣþҾΪвԴ׻֮£ֶβЩȻҲܳɣƫƫ˸ץסˡ
թ˳ۣϴûʲôɺϣֻȰš
̫ӻԪ磬̫˵·˶סģ˵ģһغܽԪ綢
һԲ˵̫ӣΥʸⱲûгͷ֮գԣȴǺ¡ΨһϧǣԪôõһӡ
˳۾Լ̫ӣһǰźԪʵǿˡ
Ԫ粻أ
˳뵽üͷʱһ壬ʣС𣿡
С̫ūŰ²ڲ飬ǰĹ֮ǰһֱڵɨǰΪȲعһ㱻ùһԺ󣬱㱻ùС߹¡ο˳֮󣬱濴ؾ
˾£ЩصĹ̫ĶһһС빬ʼ֮ǰȥ˼é޶޲õ
ù󷽣Сͬס̵ڼ᲻ûãǼĵ˹һլū̽飬լǰѾȥ¥ˡ
ʣԪǱˡ
ĳϱϼΣͰæݶ˵һԪЩĹĸûܹݣ˳˵䣬ЦһȻҲпơ
С̫ཫͷõ͵͵ġ
ʱغ߽ϣˣ
˳۵˵ͷ¡Ȼƣɣüȴࡣ
˾ǵطغ첻ȥһδԪ磬¶˳ۻɣĿֻС̫ƳƳľ㶵ģֻ֪Ųˮûɫ
ɹµĹ˼˾µļ٣С̫ͷɨֻܱź
Ȼ˳ۻһغ
غһ裬ūڡ
̫ʲô
غ˼⡭ûʲô˵Ϊ˳۲ƽô£̫ӵ¾Ҳʵڿ
˳һʲôصظô󶯾˵ڰϷ
ĿصغǶһ˵ţ߽ϣ̫ӵµӡ
Ŷ
˳ζУغнӹӡ
е˼дһ֮ͨȫԼϣΪ۾ԼԪеھΡȻƪ澰飬ϣҪΪӰ츸֮ƣ˳Ҳһ¸Ԫװ׵ĹϵԸСʹ룬Ҫɱūš֮¿ˮ̣ҪҪϵǸ⣬·͸ֽ涼ܿڲģɶ꣬ȫȻһɷܿϷζ
ȻԪ绹Ǿ˭ùּɵġ
˳Цֽӵݸغô
غСĶٵһۣȻ̲סƻʵۡ
˵˳۶Ų裬Ϻޱ顣
⡭ˡū޼̫ӵƺ֮⡣
˳۵ͷûǹģͲɱԪ
һغһƤӶ˶Ԫƺ͸¶ŵУɼ˳ǲɱˣôУ
غ
غæ񣬡ūڡ
޿ͣûּ⣬˾öԪٶ̣̫ҽΡ
һغĶʱȥ˽˾ܳû뵽Ԫôˡ
ǲʣ˳ӣнֲ´ֻ֪ȴ֪һͨ
ǳ̫ԽԪƲϵԽǿʵ۵ɱģ˳һĻʵʲôڳȦôǴ˳ɱˣΪʲô
Ϊ̫ӰͲԪȥ
Ԫˣ˭
غͷһţʵۿŵʧ̬
ҧס⣬˶һ¶ϧȴòΥĵǡ
غһߣ˳۱Ȼ̫Ӹ޵Ҫ˭ȥ̫ӡ
С̫๧Ӧ


182 ע
ҹд󶯸ɸ, ʵʱճڹнľͻŶ, ˸.³ϢͨĻ֪ʵ۸ǰִ̫Ԫ类˾
˾ʲôط, ˭Ĳöһ, £²֪ԵɣٹҲʶ˲˵¡
ѾŹؼصȳӿȥɵĻ׼ȥ̫Ӹ̽Ϣ, ϧû, ̫ӵӾ͵ݵǰˣɵ˶֪ҸڴޣԴҪ, ʵʵزҴš
ѵõ, Ȼˡ
, ȴüĪչ, Ԫ˾ʼλһֱ, 濴ĹӶȥץ, ²Ǳ, ĿƵƵؿ⡣
, һ֮, λɶû, ԩò˵ùӦǱͷ, ٲҲûΪѲŶԡ
裬ȺȿˮɣϢϾʹˡ
šŲ裬һڣſ棬ûˣ
˭ôȱۣܡҲ̫ˡ
Ȼ䣬վǲС
ţ
ߡ賶һѡ
ƵȥĶ
ȥ˵꣬Ŀڵ߻Ӹ
ȥǶʲô
̽һ£Ǹ
˻澪ɵ裬ȷǷң˺ҪˣʵǲΪġ
³ȫǱӵġ
԰һۣǵõС
Ȼأ
Ȼ迴߽Сʣǰ߻ȥĶʱ䣿
Се£ϣ
˵һѲɰؼػع˯
СӶʱˣ˵ŶǶˣϲû£ר˳ӡ
һ͸Ȥˣ磿
ĳӮȫ׷ɱȻܵ¥ָ֣̾֡תЩЦǵµѫ˭ĸϻץ飬Ҳ֪úԺѧšЩû쵯µġ
ȿȡˣ̧žߵСӵƨϣүʲô߰ģʲôʱɹֻ¡
СƨɣЦ£ı¡ʲôᣬ͸ʲôžƨǸ˭Ҳ֪˸Ӵ򲻵һôһ
֮ɹС˵˻˭涼éʯͷһǲͶ㿪һ仰ʢɶطȥ
ƨүˡ˵ſ裬
̫ӸȻΧŸߣغ㶼ңֻȥ
غ϶ң˵СӣϢ𣿡
СӽҪ棬ձ˸ǵˣ˾̫ҽΪù˵ģһöù̡
һʱȻˣغס
˷βԪ簴ȥôùֻһ㡣
ʲôѲɺıɱԪ磿һڣЦڸץӣһһζҲֻ·ˡУɽҾɽ裬ȥС
*
ؾ֮һӦֶ޹أСӻֵӣԼôѵʱ
ر˷ܡ
ӸϣŶû߽ȥͱסˣһΪѣ̫ӵˡ
ɶùģſڵУξ򣬺ǷùеϧְڣֻһЩ˵ʩʩȻصȥ
̫ӵһϷ壬ͳ콫ϢݸغʱѾ˺췻
췻ǸʲôطֻҪſζ֪̫һƺĽ轫ɴ۾ɵϡ
ģ¥ˣ
ɤӣˣߡ
˿ôţ¥һҫ£ȡһ͡
ַ
ǰڹˣһСҴȥ˵껹ΪʼǰྸӣС飬һϾʹˡŶˣһֺóԵġ
ǰĳͣ¹ȥ߰꣬ϰ㶼Ҳ
̫
꣬΢˽ãôʲô̧ʾһ£ϰͷǰһͷֲãŭľһߣӼϷͱ밲
ͬǻ̫ӣǾǰַҲˣҲл
¿ǺܾûˣһֱءϰЦ
һԵü
ھǵӣǸҹ㣬췻ĽĶ֪ûʲô֪е¡
ŷЦЦʣڰⲻϹ𣿡
ϰ²
ǿЦƣһһߣһֻۣе֮˲ܡ
ɶأ»ῴ
ϰʲôĪǻҳӣ
ƺ̫Թ󷢴ȱˣҲûɶõĳֵˣɣҸض
ϰЦҲסæ棬ֲȥ뷼
ϰĿһһʣʲô
ЩûɶȤǰΪҸôĵطˣ˳ƶ¥Ⱥ֣ܵǽĿݸ裬裬㡣
ҲͨһŵĿƣƺһȻһʣǰʲô
ϰɫһ֧Щݡ
㻰ء
СһЦȻȻ뵽ʲôһҪֹϰʮ
Сӣ
һڲʱһɶɱ˵ôˣôô׵Ķ
ϰҲȥˣǵΨһָĿ
ҵطʱ򣬹𴽽ǣǡ
ձķתͷε¡
ϰһĵ⣬ʲôʱ򣬶ﲻλȥˡ
ٵ׵ӣһֻ֣Ҫɵӣ̫֪ɫЩŹ֮⣬ŵֶĿһµĸо
ĵƵ͵ȻӸһ֮׹Сβ͡
ŰŹƤѵûгԵ⣬ǶڵСγһС֮Ƶǰʣ£˭
С˾Ѿߣ˶ۡ׽һС飬Ž
ȤһתҪģСˣӮѾߣӮ
ЦЦ޿޲ɵʣҪͷ
Ҫ
ʲô
ЩѣǮ֮ӹףֱ˴Ҳûʲô˼ʮĵӣ˻ǻ򴽣ɫһҪӮˣ裬㻽һ๫ɺã
գգ۾Ź򶨵棬۵΢΢һתʣ߸أ
Ȼҽ¡˭˭涼ͦ˷ܵģвУ
һָŽµʣǿԣĶУ
˵ĶУȻǵֳŵ
ȻȴӲزָϵм׷ʣ𣿡
棺ĲᣬԲһ˲ֲĿĻ๫ƵӿӲӸʼһ·쵽⣬ɤӿںҪðƵġ
͵عˮڣǧô죡
䣬һŲ˾߽żڣ̫ӵ¡
˲䣬ĿһѶסСˣˡ


183 Ҫ
С˼ֱһ, ֪̫ӵµզôˣһʱ佩ԭض֪զˡ
Ϸʵؿһۣһ, Ҫ
ع񣬶һڣ˵ɡ
С˶˶һߵ裬һߵ£ʧˣع²ߡν²ߣڣ֮ǰõġ
ü, ˵
Сż, Ϊñܿ, ̫ӸۣҲ, ò׵ȵ̫ӵַ߽, Żϲ˵仰, þõ̫ӵĴӦʹ
ȻʱϵһλЦȥ, мƽϡ
ǡС˶ͷŲȥˡ
һ, ˵Сˡ˵꣬ͷڴؿ裬, ǻȥɡ
ɫ, ȥպþޡ
һ뵽ͷ, ˶
*
С˹Ծû뿪ַﶺ˺һŴӺߡ
֪ǣΪסȻ˳֮£̫ӸǰǽӴ֮˶λַϰ
غǲ֪һ壬òôߣʱæŲִ٣һֱ
Ԫ粻ٸǰ˳ָźҲ뿪
һֱĵصŻʵ۾ޣȻƺ˯ˣһҲ󣬾ȻĵؿۣЩӶ̫ѾĹˣƺ
غȻ˳ۻһ
˼غʱһ㶣æèȥϡ
ʲôأĲɡ˳۷·ûһʡ
غڨЦūЩ£һֱùտźϡ
Ŷôˣ˳۶ϵĲյһڡغҪ˵ңȴ˳ĵؽһ䣬ΪͲԶ
غȻһϥһæˡ⡭ūƽʱùִһͬźϣҲе飬һߣЩ
˳⻰ЦЦӷŵһߣƺ㿴ˣҳģغҲ뱲ˣ޴Σ
º͵غĵԽܾëȻЦǴūżãūнȫЯ
˳۵˵ͷ˵ǣָпһϧˣ֪ʲôʱ͵ȥȻʣ޻С꣬ʱкδ㣿
غƤֱάֲס򶨣ūƾϰš
𣿡˳΢΢һ̾ԭػ꣬һܵôһȻ㲻⡣
ʣϡ˵ϣغʲô׵ģһҶûˣսսƺվŵػڵء
̫һѼ˳ۻվ߾Ԫһ˵ôˣԪҲұޣϻƣȴ̫ӵĵΪʲô
ߵغǰϲŭֻв⡣غһϵһȴǱѰزŶԡ
ڴ֮ǰ˳ľԪغ˵һԼ͸Ԫ硣
һʫ֮˱ڻʹ裬ôŶкޣ϶裬߶˳ɵжԪһֱһŭже׵ġ
ϡǣ˾ͷ鵽βԪ绹ǸɸɾסǼУ˻ʵ۵ʹͣʲôǮƱﶼûУ̫ӵİйᣬٿҲҲ˿
غˣⶼܿһЩ
ƱͲҵغصҲܱҳ˳۾룬ЩѵȲЩ
غڵϣūţūŹϣϣϡһ󣬿֪ʵ۱Եȴκζ
˳۾Ӹ£ϻһ˿Į˵ޣ޾͸ȫʬý˾ⶼûС
ūūšغŵ£ڵĸоûˣԺһƬհףֻ鲻ܿƵһ
˳ۿ͸һ
ʵ˵˳Ҳ֪䲻һְ̰ˡ
ʱͳȫҲѺ˽֮ǰж磬жǡ
غϾǸ̫࣬ڹڣҪڹⷭ˻ͳȫӲϷ֮£ȥ̫ӣонͳһݹ͡
ȫһˡ
ȥɣ塣˵꣬˵һӣ𷢳ͷۡ
䣬ϵײס˵ͣ޺жں֮Уȥ
ںܿͰ֪ΪΣյ˳ЩţȻȥԪ
*
дغ٣ȫϢʱ˰֣¡
ԪȻ˿ͷø϶Ȼ裬ͱˡ
ףճĽͳһְ
ѡ𣿡ʡ
֧°ͣһۣڲң
û⣬Цصһյ裬һֱûᣬҲ׼ˣѡҵˣ϶ͨ
ûһߺһ߿²¡
¾Ͳ¡
˵ǣ⻹жûʾãǾ׸Ҳܲٵɣ
ѣ游زϢū񣬻ӦҲõϢˡ
ò״깫رȨ˶ȻԸٻ˵ţЦ󣬡ǾЩԸͳ͢µѡ
źߡ
ûֵľֻϵЩ˰ɡ
߸磬佱
һ̾͸Ƶģɶʱҵд顣
Ŷ
һЩ⣬զдʲô
д飬費붼ЩһĵŲе㲻̫Ǽ£Υʵʵ´
ûҪ̫ôͨ׶
裺ĬĬһڲ裬ޱ飬ʣ̫˭
㰡Ȼ
ΪʲôⲻŮò
ʵ۶߸ˣǱضͷ棬
лл㰡һ̾Ȼָѧ
лº񰮣̫ˣ꣬Ҫô߸ϣҪôͷݡѵЩǲ̫磿
Ҳǣ˼Ƭ̣ʣҪУĸ״Ԫɣ
裺Ťһ£ΪʲôǵдңһҲ
ֱ׳Ϊİ飬ɸ
Цˣ㣿
㶼ǻʺˣһǿ϶ǻʵ¡ԲѵԼؿġ
һôΰĻʵ۱£Щðɡ
ɶУôдôдܲš
Ȼһ˯۾˲Ŀ̲סƮƮ˴֣ڵذȥӣȻԼҲɾڴϡ
һû̲סͷ˿裬Ѿ˫ַƽǰŶر۾ƺѾ˯ˡ
棺עأȺܾˣ
衣һ
˯ƽȣûлش
ֲĵٺһһ£衣һ߾ȵĺ˯ˡ
濴˯պܾãȻ󻺻ƽ¹⿴Ŵеģ׶ûһءͽϷ޵ྴ
ʵȻźУϾʵ岩ģһСģ˲ɥȪǿҲ޷ݣı裬Ӧñء
뵽治ھΣ¾˯ⶼΪǵδ
ҴñӣȻ˱˵һעѣαؽ档
Ȼ׼˯ȥ͸о˶˶һֻ§סĲӣ΢΢̧ͷ촽ĶߣϢػһ๫
˲䣬۾˸ɴࡣ
Ҫˣ


184 ʱ
Ϩ֮, СſڵһͷûƵ׼ȥЪ¡
, æŴ̽ϢҲ, ٵʱ
ֻŴ˸ǷźȻ򿪣ػͷ, ͿЬһ£ͷɢܳͺһ, ӣ
£¹, ӲӺ쵽Сһ⣬ôˣ
֧һ, Щ, ǾµطԸȥ˱ˮ
ǡСʶӦһת۵ɴ۾͵, ҪҪˮ
Ҫˮʲôֵ, õһ𣬲һ
СʿˮС, ԡѽ
ⲻϻͷһ, Щ, Ͻȥүš
ǣūȥСȻӦţ˳߲ҲڣȻڵϹģʲô뿪ǰ̲סȰ£ҲţȥСүɡ
ȥȥүš죡
˵Ķǰƣһˣ뵽ȫǾ仰ĻʹڲǸûˣ־ˣ
ӷɫǿգռɫɶʱȥ
ȻСȴЩһѾԼȰȰ̲ס£ūȻǸˣҲ֪޴֮ǵ£ǡ˶٣ƺЩ֪ô˵ܼȫ棬ܻޣ֮ìܣ֮Ϊѡ
£ü˵ʲô
ͷһβһСڵ£һ˵һΣʱ䶼ãСүҲЩ´ξͺˣº
δ˵꣬Сûı飬֪˵ɫжֲʱ͡
汻Цˣ¶ЦԴʲôү̣Ҫ⹷ūŸʮ꣬ǵ
СеίʲôϨƵŶʱ䣬ͳҪˮˣ
һ䣬ûҪͺһʲôҪˣ
ǡСȥˡ
ˮҪȵġͷ滹һ䡣
ˮ
µѾˣҲסϵˮϴɣ壬ס
Ͼ̫ӵ·ԸСûҺŪ
ߴϵʵе£˵֮ЩһЩ߳ܵĳƺҲûʲôעʱѾýôˣô꣬ϲӦõ
οһﻹϴޣϴôڣ˵ʵ軹еڴͺµģϾһΡ
Ϊ꣬׼֮ͶŤһ㣬߳ܵػһ׼ɲһ𣬵ȴʱ򡭡
뵽ƽɵؿһ£˵̫ӵ¶ͦģһѽƿһ͹´˺ˮһܳȥˣ֨ѽһһҼž
ٶ֮Ѹͣ跴Ӧжв
׳ա
۾һɹã˶ûʵЩƣͻر۾
˺ܿ쿸ˮСݣ͵̲סϵ迴ȥ˹˹ĵذ˯ã̲ңͷɢţ˯㣬һҲûзƸĺۼ
֡
£ͷСԭһ죬㿴ʲôԶ㣬˯ˣ۾
ǣ£ǡСӽ͵Ʒ£Ȼ̧ʳָһĶʣûɶ𣿡
ڣ濴ˣͣ㻹ͦġ
Сӣˣѵܲȥ˽Щ˽֮£
ūţô죿
ӣүô˵ý泶û£û裿˵⻰ʱͦġ
С¶ӣˮȥģ
˺ߣѪյͣڻܲ
Сզզ࣬ҵµ֪µʶ
ˣȷҪ𣿺ܴӦ˯һŴѾĬ£мҵļλС㶼޵һӣҪȣСү֮£ӾȻϽ˳ԸĨռΪУ
ʥɣ
ѣԡͰŴϣſԡͰһЦү֪Ը⡣Ƕﵽˣôʡ
*
ʹ
˾Ԫ粢⣬ڹô֪꣬طĿ£ǲ뻢Ѩɵûӣ»Կͷ֮ǣҲ崳һ
Ȼڶͱų
һҲζ̫ӵļƻɹˡ
˳̽ʱ򣬾ͼԪһڴϣ԰׵ϣü̵ʹȴһĨ񾲵Ц
˳۵Ĳһ¡
źĲСߣСҲ̣ˣС̫һ˳ۣ̹ڵϣߺ꣡
һ㳳Ԫ磬߻۾ƺһ£ҪӴū
ضԪɻȥ˳æǰһֹԪ˳Ƶ˴ϣҩζƱǼ⣬ܿˡ
֮Уϧ֮ԣһ뵽λ֮ǰ˴˾֪ж
Ԫ紹۾¶Ծ
ô˵˳۱ȻαǾԺԪĿһηı䣬Ҫ˵⻰ûԹ˳۲ţǾУԪܿ͹ȥˣĹ˵λʫ飬Ҿ̽¡
˵Ҫ棬ԪҲ֣֮ͷᣬܲųҡβɣ
뵽˳۱ºˣί㣬֪˺ãޱȻ
غһӡճλãԪӶΪһֺ
װɵ㶣л˶лϡ
غȫ๼ɽɺ˽Ʊͷˡ˳ⲽԪԪƼ˵
Ԫ΢΢һ㶣⿴ƶ裬ȻѡǸغһ
ջʳǰΣūҲ֪ܹʤΡ
̫һеõļã⾩ҳһԪһһҾĳ˳۸пһ
Ԫ˵ܹ˭
̫ȶ֣طڸΪҲ·֮Ϊ˽ܣ˳ڵعӲдĴ˳һȹ˭
ж˺޲ûʵۺȻУ̫ӵֱӵǻأ
غĹƻҲΪ֮ơ
ֻ⻰Ԫ޷˵ڣοϸңȻеġ
ȻУֻЩû̫ӣȴҲǶʵȫȻģҪ˳Լˡ
*
ճպ¿
վ˳ߵ̫໻Ԫ磬̫ӵվȺ֮ǰɵ֮£Ŀ޵Ʈһ˿˿ϧζ
˳۾۵ףЦԪһʥּ
غѾ֮أȫ³տĴͰٹ֮ǰһرС⹴ᣬң
˭֪ھλ֪ʹ̫ӵ£ԼѾ֪֮
糯ţȺһ֮ԡ
ֱʵһ̫ӵ˼ѷ븸ϢŭֻȫΪ֮ףְλȱ븸ʾ찲Ųǡ
ʱȺĺ֪̫ӵ֪֪ĸôд
˿̻ʵٹ٣̫ȴͳһְⲻǹ
»ʵ۲֪̫λã
ʵ˵Ŀᶼסֱϣ̹ǵ˵̫ѡ
ӿȡһӣʩʩȻԪǶһݣʾȡڸ飬غʳǰΣʰΣЩ˿ʤΣ븸á
ڸ󸨳ͷ亹˲
ô֪̫ӵ£֮Ķң
ȻŵͿ˹ȥ̴ٵЦһ֮󣬻ãܺãΪǵĺóӡ
ϥһǲ͹ȻһƮƮȻ̫ӵζسһЦѾϥֺȻֱôҲȥ
ʵ۸̫Ӵޣֱ꼰Щ㣬һƺغɴñ
գֳֻܱĬ
Ԫؿ˳۷ͷϵֶʱսض긻ǿ̫ӣɱ
Ԫ纰һ˳


185 
Ԫ罫һɹ, 侲վһԣ˳ŭɶ˴ɹеĴյĿ, СĻʵˡ
ĹŵսսԪ֪Ъ˹ܿͻΪ, Ѹߣûôྫ, Ҳûô
Ȼһ˳۱ͣ, Ԫǰ, οϢŭ
˳ؿŭ, ТӣǺڽٻ
޿ĳѾȲҪȡ޶
, ңˣ
Ԫʹ˳۲ͣ߳, в
ʱ, ̫ˣ
ϣ̫ӱϾֻ̫, ͳ֮ѡվǻָ̫ӱǹԴ˼ŭ, 侲Ԫס˳۵, ǲº͡
˳ۿ, ³һ, Ц, ǲԸ˵û˳ɽ޵ġǰǷ򿪣һж֣Ȼ̴ٵЦһԪͷûе֡
Уͳ죬ȫغһжùʾãֻǺ߲׽ˡ
ͳְͳΣҲ˳£˳۶Ԫκͳţڣ±سɡ
ֻǲǹ⻹⣬˳һʣԪͲÿˣȻΪˣҲغȲذţĬ
˳֣Ԫ
Ԫ
ͤ
Ԫ΢΢һǡ
غȫǰ˳Ԫ磬Ҳٿ档
ּگܿǱ֪¡
̫ӸУյڸ󣬿̽ϣҧűʸ˿۵̫ӣÿϾǿЦ
̫ӵ¡
ڸ󳼲ɵع˹֡
ôˣôˣһŹԹծĹǶʼƵģһҪְ
ĴһͲģһ˵ӷ׷Ťһ¡
£̫嶯ˣʵ˵ǿ֪ߵغ
Żʵ£͢سȾָȨ̫֮λ̫
˳۴Ǹʴȵľغȫǰ֮㹻˵սľ
ǾòôȥбһգЩ󳼡
ǺǡһЦȣһţӹСĲ裬ƤƤЦⲻЦλǶֵ£ѵûɸΪûأ
¼ȻϣǾ͸Ӧá
Ӧʲôֵģűϵһ죿ĵĻ˶۾
һȷϣȫҲֻλ̫ӸҴֵô˵Ͳ´ʵ۶ǰˣ
ǣһ뵽ճãbﶼ֪̫ӸʲôʵҲôӲ£ƺ治ĻҲûɶϵ
ɣʾôģ¸ţѳ͢˳ˣɾˣհˣ̫ƽˣ͸˵񾡹ءҲùУǲǣλ
⻹õ˵վͿˣӲģ
Ҳ֪ⳡǱ䶯˭Ӯˣ
ǻʵۣϾغȫʵźʮ̫඼꣬⡭
ۿŴڤ˼룬᲻ѲյһţĿ䣺ȻˣҲȥ룬浽һգվıߣ
ˣǾͲ̤̫Ӹ
˵ţ˴Ҵ£ͤ
ͤ
Ҫ

۳ãʸһ˽ţǱ˾һְķЦһ
ͤʮǰǱ˾Ȣҿܵ˳Ρ˺ôԣҰԣССûȤרǣÿ괺Ҫǰԡ
Ȼ޲ʧ֣ĳһαҧ˽ţ˹ͷ˳γǱ˾һְ
²м·һһգĴѰҽҩ֪͵Ⱥ֮⡣ͤ˿ѫȢŮ;Ҳûƺ缲мɻ䣬㲻ٳ볯á
ܳڣ֮以ǲɽ淵볯µǳ磬ͤҲûֿȵ
£ɱСͤ깫˵㣬⾩Ǳͤĵ̣֮жٶ²ؼӡ
˵ʮѾû˵ЩУξȴǼǵĺãͤı£ƽһ鷳
ˮѾڸŵ֮һ˶ҡ
˵λֱ߱߱ȱȽǣֻҪǰӣٶĴ治ʤΪ
ǣǰ֮£̫ӵܹʵֱۣӵıǱȨ
мұϾ޳ĪɳŹأҲ漫Ϊ깫زū޷ǷȱȨȫµİգеĴ󳼶̫ӣֻҪʵ۲ӦҲֻܹһ
˳۲ֻôһӣʹһᣬһȦǻһܲ
뵽λ󳼷ˡ
£ԣûкôֻлϧǷϧˣн£˼
⻰ί񣬵͸¶֮СһȺϺ꣬ʹıһ¸տʼˮƲϵҲףûʵĻʹ飬ܿ˳۽ҹ١
ȻȴֻǷһЦھС
ڸûþˣźܿ˵Լ㲻ѣΪ˴˳Ϊ˻ʵ۵ĳӾͻݵǰ
濴ɢϵӣ֪Ϊʲô;úȤζ
Ȩ˺Թ̫֮ӶȣЩ¸ʲô
ⲻǸ߸ϵλÿǵ
첻֪غûˡ
Ƶؿǰӵ棬ŷű࣬ƺвû꣬ܶ𣿡
üģҡͷû緢˻ˡ
˶ѾǸ˵ɾͲɵ߻ӣ֪ԼʲôԷһ磬͵ҹսֲ
Ҳû˵ʲôֱߣһ߿
ʥּѾˣͤƽ
ţ֪
Ǻô㿴ЩƲֵġ轫Լļݸ档
ִһģȻĳȥܿ˾ͽѻˣǽڸԸ裬ЩȻ裬˵ʵΪʲôǵϻʵָͲ°ѡһ𣿡
һȵؿôô룿
ЦЦпǾ϶ôǶѡļ̳ܺõʲôطȥǸһôӹôӹ˵䱾ǶǰԼѡģͷװ£֪伲ɡ
һʱ˵תͷ˵ǲ̫ˣ
ҡҡͷֻе𺳣⻰Ǵһӵм̳ȨĻӿ˵
תһ뵽Ͷ̥ѡĻҲְҡ
ϵֽʣửһΣεһȣûлʵֻۣһ˵ǲѡ쵼ˡ
üǲǻʵۣ˳֮ˣ
Цҡҡͷ쵼˸ʱ´ѡҪΣ͵óȫŷĹݹ͵ıǰˮƽʧʧȥλãһλܴܳ˽档ˣǴײĹԱӵҫ۵˰עûиӣӴĻʳͳΡ
ֹ𣿡ʡ
ĿԶŵЦ֮еİɡ
ֻ֪Լһ£ƶ˲Ķܳ͢˵֪쵼ջȨƣҪס
ִôʱ䣬ĺ͸
ûбҲû磬ֻº˵һеǰᣬԣϰ֡ʱͿѧѿѷ⽨
Ȼ̶̼еĹȣܼǵȻ
裬Ը𣿡
ףǰǺѡĴ˳ûзѿֻһƪ
ûϵŬ˵ıʣд¡
һ£㹻һȥʵ֡
迴м۾һһֱ㡣


186 
ǳǱ䶯֮, ¹ڼž˳۵һͤƺ棬ⲻʵƲϵ̫Ӷ, һ˼ڿҿҵش¡
˳, ֪ӳܻ˼, ֻҪûһ, ٺ, Ҳء
లһֱȥתһꡣ
λ, 깫Ȼ, ΡΡص
ūһֱȵĩ붬ѩ٣նӵ, ūֻܰ, ȴꡣ
ĳϦ磬ѵ̫ƽ, ̫Ӷɧڵ֮¡
Ժ, ĶӸƿأۿųȶ˳۱㿪ʼϳͷȻٸʱ, Ȩܿˡ
ֻȻЩЦԷǵ, Ҫѫ׿Խϳ, ɻеѶȡ
Ե޹ʵ, ȺҲӦ
˳ۿŸ裬Ŀĵϣ϶žƱ˼ûʲô
һŮߴӵظ浹ƣǵԱҷЦ䲻֪˵ʲôȴ֮⡣
ȻϴɵЦϸϸȷĿȴ̫ȥ˳ѵתͷº͵˵ʲô
˳ȻŮͨԣȻϲò꣬󹬵Ů˵ó費࣬ǵĹҲΪǱΪüӡ
һʣʱǾûʧɫһګګҶԡ
˵޷˳۵ЦЩ䣬ɼޡ
ĶΥһ꼶λò˵ϣֻģǺ桭̫ӵ¶ʮȴɡӲͷƤȥɹһˡ
˵̲꣬ס̧ͷ˻ʵһۣɫ޲ˡȻ뵽̫Ϊûָ𣿶ʱŵɫһףԷ̫ӣˡ
ԱߵɸǴҳһͬ¹Ȼȴ̴ٵһЦкϦ磬̫񣬶ɡ
ɶʱһлϡڹ澵ĲԭλȴҲҶ˵һ仰
Ƴһۣû˵ʲôߴӵɣܴȥе롣
һûյ̫ע˳ƺҲˣר־ؿŸ裬Ȼָȴһûһµ֣Ԫ翴ţ΢΢Щ
Ȼ˳۵ͻһԪ
Ԫһ裬èյ˳۵ǰϡ
֮ǰǲע̫ӵжʮ˰ɡ
Ԫ˶٣ش𣺡û
߿檣
ԪȻ΢΢˼üūŲ֪̫ӺԺû˵Щ
˳һھƣȥ顣
ԪȻֲõԤУûٶʣֻǹǡ
˳۾棬Ȼ뵽һ顣
ȥ֮滹һʱ򣬾вٴ̫Ӵͻ顣
ͻδףǷŵһ˼ңͼˡҲ˳۲ں̫ӣԸָһŰδ
澹ȻҲżѰζЩ
ȫָʹڳѡǰźã̫ӳɻ飬쾭壬˳ٲԸҲûа취ָֹһ
˳۲ɵطпϣ¶Цݡ
ƹѲ辡ˣ֣ȫ
ĺû˼϶Ϧظ谤˵˵ĥҪҪˣýϯǰʱ򣬾ʵۻһ̫ӡ
񣬲䲻ȵػһʡ
յĺһΪ⣬֪ʲô
ûͷûԵغȻôһʣ¾裬˳Цݴ飬ܲ⣬ʣ֪븸ָ̡
游
ͣүүֲͷбҪصó˵
泶˳ǣԲԵǵȷһ£ֵ游ˡ
еĺûŶ͸裬ڱˣ̡
Ǳ˳ʹ󣬸λˡ
ĬĬԣͳһؽľƱǿӷ£´ʧ̬꼰㡣
λ̫ӹĲ˳ʺǣƣŽֱúùˡ
֪ΪʲôǴĵ֮ݱһ˿˿ڴϦÿÿ裬ҹʵΪȤ
˳ɫһȻҪŭףñ˥Щ֮⡣
漣ģȴ˳֮ǰûע⵽̫ɹһˣŵޣ̫ӣҲȢˣá
ĿⲢȴһ˲˲͸ῴ棬΢΢һ٣Ȼ˾Ʊ
һ滹û˵ʲôȺȴɵ˽Ϊ⸸ָǺû뵽ʵ۾Ȼ̫֮£ʵ⡣Ϊ̫ȢõȵȦֱӲʺء
Ǻ°ÿж֮⣬ɵؿ̫ӡ
֪϶ŲƨֻǱܷԣ¾е鷳˼Σ̵ԭǵö˸жף˭ˣ
˻ȥɲûʵۻĺĸָһźû£˳̽
˳ҲǳصģЦ̫Уָ֮㲻⣬ǵѰãǶ棿
䣬ڶʱЦ뵽˺üǰǻĹ֮¡
񣬶ˣʵǵáƤɵó£ȻҲò˼˳СǼ
˳Ҳգ̫пĿһһɨˣȺ̫⣬˵޷
䣬д󳼷׷ֱ壬Ůĸ¶ᣬֲ롣
϶Ȼڸ£вŭ⣬治߱߱ȴЦģɷµһȥ
˵м׼ңر͸һϵѫ
治밡
˳˸ѪͷƮţŶԲ߰鷳£ܿ죬⣬žƱʵʣ˵ˣԸȫ
˳ЦЦǵõԵȫ
֮ǰ˵޷Ҫѡˣ˳۾͸˿ڷ磬ûеķȣ
áҲƽϣ˾ƵĹŮ˹ָŮһ㶣߹Ҫƣȴ˾ƺ
߶ȥ˰֣վŤŤöֱĲӣֱȥŷȴһȺѫ
˳΢΢üĵѵ´ˣ
ĽŲԭЦĵɫȻһ䣬Ȼ̫վһǰԸϯλϵľƱϣźү飬֪ʹУԶ࿴żңǷǧ𣿡
ⱭƣݵͤǰһֿЦ⡣
ڳ
ͤ
Ԫ紹ͷ˳ۣߵɫ˲
ʳд˭֣̫Ҳ
֮ң˭ҵŮȢΨλͤеĻʵ۾ܴӦҪ˵̫ӲǹģڳҰԼԴ
˳۵ϣֺݺݵһơҹģǴ̼
ͤǰľƣҲǣҲǣŨصüëԴɽᣬл̫Ӻ񰮣СŮʮģֵֻ֪ͣһ꣬ڵ²ʡ
һж࣬˵ţ۲һҲΪ
ȻʲôƤЦЦͤԲӣһ֣˭ֲãȢͤĪǿϣ
ͤĶң治֮꣬٣Ҳͤˡ
ͤԭأɵ򵤱ϵĻʵۡ
УػͷһʣΣͤĹǵ̫֮λɣ
ҴӦҾ͸Ȣɻʵ۱£
*
ⳡڻӲȥˣ;
̫ҽҴɹ岻ʵĻʵۿ
ʵҲûʲô󲡣޷ʹˣɻƽⴿģһûŵµġ
ʼ磬ϻžƱȻط£üͤ΢΢˹֣еүա
̫ӿͤ
˵ˣͤıӰɫӡ


187 
Ϧ簴Ʒλ, 󳼲һƷ뵽һϯ֮λͷƫ
ѧΪ·˾˾Ʒ, ҲͬһڵԾ֡
ʥ, Ƿڣտɱöˡ
Ϊܹలµҹû뵽ֲŹ, ֮ھʹһɧ, 󳼻ңӹܽܳһ, ͷɢϯ
˵, ʵ۱̫ˡ
ʵ̫ҽ̫ӵ˫ֻӣ߳ڳʶÿû˸ǰк, ҪɫҲѿ, һ˭˭ùģɼΪʤߣްϲá
һߣڳŷ׷еֱӴͷѫϸڡ
ѧŻʵ۴ͻ飬̫ͤ׵Ĺ, Ȼ֪ǸĲ, ܾĵײ
û, ҲҴȥ, ҹ, ˵Ҫһͬȥмҽ衣
ҹѩСӷ̫ӵһ꣬鷳ˡ
СӿпڳϱĿ񣬲οϾԣҲҽͤСŮָģ¶ǡ
۾üͷ𣬡ô򵥣϶Ͳү¼ҹˣôýΪķˣ
ǡ
үִȦɵ㣬ץѱֻܴЩ˽ֶ֡ͷ۵üģүҪǲµĲ˵͸ðĺԺ
Сһʱżүס
浣ĵľ˳һͿıȴǲκˣôҪͷûˣ˵ȥ˭ţ
С룬ҪūҼŮӻСүǶðá
ˣʱҹֻ˵ŪŮ˷źԺ⾿Ӧ裬ӦԼ
Ǹô죿Сӷ
ڴʱͷ棺̫ӵ£ߴ˳ˡ
ѧ񿴵ǰ򿪳ֱӵҲһȥˣ⼸ʹиȹȥ
ѧ飬΢΢һ裬ûжʱӦˣֻȥ֮ǰʣǷҪ֮¸裿
˵ͷ
*
ϦмŽǹΧŻ¯ȵĿⷺ˵㣬һ·ҲԲˣ˫̥ߴߴػ̧һĲˮĿ͸İߴͷѩҹ΢΢һڡ
裬Ͽʲô̫ûأզģŷֿһˣ
ߴСϷعͷ䴽ǰûҵûûΣмҵĲǣҶǣ㣬᲻ġ
СĬĬתͷ㣬ǲڷǣ
˲𰡣С˪Ц
Ǽ޳ȥĵܵóȥˮ
˲䣬ŭӿצ
æģ߽㣬Ҵˣˣûʲô˲𣬵Զ񣡡
ˣУ
ͷܵô֣ߵгӵ鱨ˡ
㡣Щҵͷߵϡߣ߽鱨ǰȥ̽游˼ǲôװȥˡ
Ǿͻָɡν
ϡüˣֻصԭ߳ŭҲݲ´򡣡
⣬գգ۾Ҳ»ϽҲûٷ̫ӡ
Ȼһѧ·˾˾Ҳɲȥ
˫̥ѲɸмŮ壿
ȻɵĿǣƺҲԤϣϡʣô죿
ݲ£Ǿǡ
ģ
ϡƺ˫̥ˣ˵Ӫ
š
ٴ龩ͬıѽϡƼֱ𾪼ˡ
Ȼȴ˵Ŀǰƣ̫Ҫǻı
ȻԤϣ浽ʱ٣־壬֮
˫̥ϡƣ裬СǸ裬ûǧӪǣٶٿ죬Ҳ
ǰҼӪʧȻвϱáĻضԣ
ףڴﵽݵؽ֮ǰ˿֪Ƭڿ֮¡
ҪǹĮԭЩ̵ĵط˳ѾأӺ󲿷ֵ붼貦˹ٵվ޽˭ҪͨӲ۾
ݵǣҲֻʣµʱ䣬ǼӪʮգ
ȷ˷գóüչǴ̣ʮҲףȻҪǡ
ǲǳأɭϣоʦ֣ܹٳ£⿿ǧӪҲ޼£裬ġ
ЦЦŻ⣬˸ŵĹ⣺ģ˽Ǵ뾩ǡ
ԣ֮ǲǵȥһˣ˫̥ʡ
ţȵ»尲š
Сһ̾ŵĶֶˣ˵ʲôʱŻ
ҹӦûʲô£ʹòҪʱܻɡ
Ȼϡƻ䣬ſڱŲŸѧһ˪߽ڣͷôѩŶһס
ϡӭȥ˶񣬲ʵôô磬ֳˣ
̫ӵ°ɣС˿ſڣףأˣ
ǹƤҩ޲һпվ裬һ˵ҪˣȻû
˵ʵÿ˶ͦȡ
ʵǲǳˣ
ѧǸʵˣ㽫һһʮ˵ˡ
˫̥һʱ̫ӾȻͤףɶ˼ҪǴӦô죿
ġէһͷҲǺܲ侲룬Ҳ浱뵽÷ˡ
ֻǡһݡ
½ˣȴȥ̫ӵ밲Ųۡѧߵ˵ͷ
*
һҹʱܿ͹ȥ
һڴϣܾÿģȱٸܱڻˡ
ʮһ˰ޣȻͬͬ꣬ٻصһǹ¿ĸоܣȥô˯š
ֲźȿͷӮҡ
һصŴͷĥĥɱǧ˵Ȼһڣ§һ˯磡
ȻС߽£ѾԸȥˣүû˸Ҷ졣
ͺСģźҲŵù͡
桰šһȻ֪ⲻȨ֮ơ
ȥɣҪ˯ˡ
ѱͷͷݺһڣο塣
¶ˣᡣ
ϢԺʱ򣬺ȻСŽ£ʥּˡ
ˣ϶ŭò˯⣬ͷףôˣҪ߱
תһ룬òͻİɣ
٣͸¿ɶΥʥּ
Ьӣһѣ¹ڲ߳ȥ
ֻּغ°䵽Ԫڻʵһ㲻ĸС߾ͱָɳˡ
ʥּüҲΰҲֱӰڰ֣ʾϽ
С֪λǸʲôУҲƽϣؽʥּչ
Ǳƻ飬̫մأ̫οڡ
岻ʣԲ̫ӵϷǡС˵㽫ʥּ˫ֵݸ档
ȻҪ𣬰մ˿ʱھ͵׼֮ߵ鷳ǻʵ۲ʸּЩ΢ⲻǸ
ɵؿСߣ֪϶«ʲôҩȴֻڨЦ£ּɡ
ּͽּȥãȻһ̣СߵָȻһ£һСֽ͵͵ģ΢΢һֽʥּͬĨһץЩͷ
ǾʹŵˣӼҸˡС߰£뿪
һߣصչֽɫʱȻ


188 Ը
Ϧ, ʵ۸̫֮ص˭ܸоǽŵĽգڲ²̫ӵλ
ɺȻ, ³һ룬ʵ̫游Ӧ, ߵݵعһٶд󳼳һ
ⲻ˵ʵۻ̫
Ҳǣӣ첻ϲ, Ϊȴ޵Ҳ˵һλʵֻҪôӹϽɽ΢һ, Ͳϳ̫ӡ
ֻΪ̣ʱʱײûʵɨŻиͬаĴɡϾ, ʺƽԩ, ʵ龩ܲĺꡣ
һ룬ڳ̫ӵһαòͬºȰο̫һ䣬΢ԸТ˳һЩͲֵó͢ĵˡ
ֵַŵλãѾʮ, ٰһҲͲࡣ
ϴӦĺú, ô, ֪
϶һֻ̤ײ, ҲùıԻκذһɾͱʵ۸ˡ
Ԫ簵дݵϢ
˳һб޴£Ҹʼ
̫Ӹżߣǰͺ̵ĹԱŰ꣬ѫ硣
ѧǳģ粻֮һûذֱߣͽ¸ѧ񱻹ܼӭһ鷿ûУǳ࣬㹻Ȳ迴һʱˡ
ڣձһصĹƤ΢΢𣬻δ¶Ц⣬ͱּҴһһѳ
ڽʵϣǿƵΪʱ򣬹ӵ
䣬ϵ΢΢һɣȻ°ͱ̧ȵϢѰĴһ˿ᳵݵ̽˽ȥ

׵׺ݣտʼ࣬һЩ˥̲סˡȻ湥ԵأƬ̲ãֱĺסԲ߸ɴཫϣȻĺ׼
ŨصĺĦ⾲׵.ֲòƵǰһơ
һƷ˼޲ý̳븹ֱ迪ʼƾݣǿǣ΢ſǴ봽֮ȥ塣
һ죬֪ǱģȵģźüȴŴˮ⣬͵͵غһˡϴ͹ףˣ˭ѵҪϹ
衭۽Ƿ죬вһѻɳƣû˵ģȥݺݵӶһŽЩ賹׷ſ
λ˾ӡĵذ轫££ŵƵʣҪҪˮ˵˲ĲһȻģʱüӣ
ŲſڵСӸϽŽȥ
˵ʵСӵʵλ׷ϣû뵽ＱֱҹţȲľСȥ
벻ܰ͵ſڣԥҪҪ׼ˮʱͷˡ
šƾҵµ֣ⲻ⡣
СӶ˲ȥʱѾϱֻܸӵؿ棬κ档
Сһ飬̵ݸ棬Ȼһ̫ӵµģ㶵£ɢˡ
ͷȻɿشţҪӣһԻ󣬡֣ɶʱɢģ
ʱҰϵ
Ǹãƨƨߵվǰ߽޳ƹܿϵ˻ȥ
СۿţԼһֱʰ·硣
ˣȻԼģµĻõ˵
զ࣬ˮ֮ȥˡ
ˮ˹˹ĵ˺ñ׵÷ͷõ⣬Ȼ嵭ʣҪ𣿡
һʱһ
˵ĶҲŰȫ跢βһĨȻ
һ̾ͷզʲô㡣
һ˵ϻ˾ƨ֪ʲôƨοϵİΣ뵽Ӻѩҹ˾ʹԼϾִ֪Ϊˡ
ǰʵʵҹȥһԸ⡣
Це˵ûҺ⣬Ժһδ㡣
ǳ˳飬ĵôɣó
裬ҵɱ
ЦػҲд⣬Ҫһڡ
ʦҪ̫Ӻͱƹһ
Ŀڱı˳۶˵ȥıȴף򵥵ıǶۡ
ۣʱ衣
ͬıҲɣӹ޵кڼԹɳΪһ߲
Ŀǰ衣
Ҳա
ҵİ̫ԽҾȳȥǱһμѻ΢΢˲Цᣬʦԩ˾˺ĸ׵Ĳү׷ͺڷһжף˵ҪΪǱ𣬻ǰ
ûûһȥͤ
ͷһ϶ͤҲ󽵵ͣԮԱȫ֮ߣôֻС

͵ؿһۣ֮Ī
±վԻʵΪ
沢ûзȻѾµˣ裬ǲҲѾаţ
̧̧°ͣǵȻȻûΪͻ飬Ҳǹһˣüסżҵˡָؿڣѵ
㶣𣿡
Ư۾һɣ֮ǰ˵Ҫ׸ģ𣿡
Ķҷ˳ëϣ裬ɶʱȢţͶһˣú޼ޣ
䴽 ţҴǧʿӭȢ㡣
*
У˳пڴϣһ飬СĽŲʣΣ
Ԫߵǰϣ̫ಢ檣Ҳޡ殳裬ڿ顣
ˣ˳һһÿ𣿡
Ԫ뵽鵽£𾪵òʧ̬
֪òŻʵۣô
澹Ĺϵ
Ԫô˵ۿ˳۵ĿƳ˹Ԫ綨˶񣬴ϣūŲԣ̫ӵȷûˣѫʾãǲŮ̫ӵ¶ûա
Ԫûһһʮظ֪ΪЩ鲢أ˵Ҳ˰и߻ʵۣ鷳
ǣһĹֱͣ˼˳۲˲¶ζЦոŮҲʲô£αؾܾͶ֮
Ϧ磬浱ͤ׵ĳ棬ʱŭɶֺγһ־ܻأΪ˭ܻ飿
Ԫ֪ٳĬȥ˵ūŲ̫ӵ½֮ˣ֡
ŶһԵ̫ӵߵ
Ԫ簵һ̫ӵ£ڣڴ֮ǰһֱס̫ӸֻһλˡԪиɬԣ״Ԫɡ
žĵУȻ˳۹ЦһҲûвԴҪ̫ӴΪĵز
޲Ҳǡ˳Ԫ֣Ǻ޼˫еꡭķɡ˳۵¶ƺΪ͵߹Ȼ޵ְ
һĸڵ֪ӿϲ˵ʱȵͷǴȣȻӲȢӡ
˳ȴ̾С۹⣬ǸеĶ˫ӣã
Ԫ粻֪ۡ
Ц֮˳ۺȻֵĮ˵ӣҲԸġ
Ԫ뵽Ӻʱ࿴ϧҲҪ˴깫ԼӰ롣
ʱûж룬˼Ǵ͸¶бĻ֮Ǻ.
ֻ˵ʥ
Ǻǡ˳εЦͷƤ飬֪ΪΣԪܾͷһѾõԹߺͼʣԸ⡭̫ӵǱˡ
۾˼ʱصǻ֮ҹ޺ѪرǵõˣҲһʬѡ
˳۵ĻԪϵĺë䲻֪֮£ȻЩ˳ϲõ֪꣬ôһˣʵãôƷ
Ƚʶʱ񰡣գ
ԪͫȻһѿڶ̫
˳ۿһۡ
ԪæȥګګҶԡ
֪ΪΪͣҲ輸Σ˳ѵúĵؽ͵ģ޲ʲôֻ뿴̫ӵķӦ
ȴ£еָʵ˳ҲţҪõ֤ʵźðһ


189 ¶
עù, ӵʥּʱ򣬾һҲ⡣
ʲô˫ֵ̥ǡ
ϡѧüͷ壬ѲɻѾ֪̫ӵĹϵ
, Ǹô죿С˪ǵ, ǰôɣ
̫ǳ, ΪʲôҪͷϣС, һȥôˣ˵Ըʶ䣬𣿡
СϡƵһ, Сʱ죬˵͵͵ؿʥּ, һֱĬ裬¶ǸΣ裬Ҳǡ
ʵ, ǶԤϵĵҲм١Եԭ򣬲Ϊ, ݵ⡣̫ӣַ¸ʵһǷʲô, Ƕ˵, ȴǿʷ, ѡ
״Ԫþý, Ǵ̫ӹϵϢ˵ԼмҲñżǡ
Ȼ˭ûԼ᲻ܵǣǵؿ衣Ÿ볯ãʩչһµʱ򡭡
̧ͷͽЦЦûϵЩ׼ʵֻҪ̫ӵĵλȹ̣ұϼ޹ʹѲǻҧң
ԹżǱһ·һ·Ȩͷпɽ˭κΣ
Ȼһɵģûչüͷѧֱԣ»Ͻ˻Ը̫ӣ
ȴҡͷ¶㿴̫뾭ѵѾһˣʲôԣϲô޴˺õİѱ˷ѣȥ뿪⣬ʲôô̲
ǡϡƳУ蹴˹ˣǸϲΪв̫Ͷɡ
ҹѧʣǷ˸̫˵һ
ȥ
*
ͷѩֱ£Ȼɹȴů紺Ԫһ·߽ڣŲƲȴƽʱ࣬ѯһ䣬裬̫ӡ
ǿСش
ԪüͷһһеĴȻͬ
ʵ̫֮һССʡ¾ҵģǵóΪȨƷ
ԪصıӰ΢΢һЦԪ֣л
Ԫûлشл
ȾزĻʵһ֮󣬹ۼλӵĳ֪λʵ۵òǲףʹ˥ҲһӢͷֻǴҴһƳʹͷ˫ϥأ˴
¡̧ͷˡ
ͷ̧΢ɳƵ賶˳ǣ̧ͷʵ۵߸պײһ
ջԭĻٶò˫Ǵź˿۾£ҲóªֻҪ뵽λʵµ£۰֮±ֻʣ°ࡣ
Ԫò㻹ɫ̫ӵǻ˳٬Ļʱ
ԪūҸдᲢۡ
еԶ̫壬а䣬ս㣬ϸơصĻһ˵ܲʣŰ䣬ɷ·ֻһ֮
û΢Խ
˳üּ
ء
ء˳۷·һЦǴź˵Ѳź̫Ӿ͸ߣ豻¶ǵĻŪ¶ѿ˳һĨ⣬վͷʥּ̫ӾȻûҲˡ
Ʊ£ѹƲһ֪顣
²ġ˵
ҹ̫Ӹ䲻֪˵ʲô˳۲ҲµõȻ治Ҫ£
Ȼ˳۶ӵ˽⣬Ŀ֪壬ҲȻ
ȻһС̫ܽϣ̫ӵ
˳ۿ˲侪㵵ı飬ɵЦҲ˸˷ܵĹ⣬û뵽Ǹʥ
Ŵ򿪣汳Źⲻ߽ڵЩǱ裬ɵؼӿ죬һѽ˳ζĿϥǡ
𣿡˫΢죬Ȼ˵Ź治Ȱľٶã۵׶Ǹ˵ġ
ôܲ۸ô죿˵ſ˳ۣ˻ĥʣл˵αظҼһʶС
Ǿб𣬲ʱ˳۾СӺ뵱߱ɱ
ûϵ鲻װģΪСӣУû㸸˵˵ǵ㡣
ķʽ湻رģУʼȻԵúٽʱһٷΣ
ٺòȻѾ֤ʵԧ죬˳ŹĻᣬǵĶӸ۲ɣ
ǿԪ磬Ǿͷùһ裬Խм
Ԫǿ˳ۡ
˳Ӧˡ
費ɵسסѣӵӵЦŹӣܻûˣǣģ粻£ԹԻȥҡ
šǺſ֣һͷԪȥ
ԪǸʵˣ˵͵ſڣͲ;۷Զɹ֮Ȼ裬ˣȥ
֪ԪȰֻЦЦҼȻһῴǵߵλá
ϲ˾ӣãֻ̫ӵ޷
Ԫ֣𣿡
Ԫ粻ǲţ̫Σˡ
ĳĬпοʣ̫ô֪֮ǰȥĶ𣿡
̤ɹһӶûλ¾ˣ޲Ը߻ʵۣж⣡ס裬λ̫Ӿ͵ùԹԾͷˣ
ûԪ縹̣ȥһӸ
Ԫ羪ˣ̲סͷΪΣ
ӱµܣܵùڣ¡赭ۻ޼ɣλ²̳
ǳǷ粨ΪӵǷģҲųڵˡ
Ԫ粻֪дʲôֱӸҪ̽ûʡ
˳Ĭһǰһŷȥܿǰˡ
Ԫ֣
Ԫһ̾裬Сġ
ãǻگؾֳ֪һ
ԪһʱһѾֳ̧˹ת߳š
˫̥صڹſڣһ裬̱ӭȥ裬û°ɣ
ҡͷû¡˵ſһߵ̫Ӹ
Ǹտ̫ӵ½ȥˡС˪˵
үһ
ţô̫Ӽ𣿡
ƵͷȻͷȻеѣڹ⣬һ˻ûмġ
*
һθ˳۵Զٷʷᡣ
ŷî˾һɽ亣ζʮˣ˳һ⸸á
棬˳θڲãǿһųȴѵãθڴ󿪣ôƷ̫ӿζ
ϵ̫ţȻһ̫һ仰ŷµù
ˣηڶǰҲʵʡ˵ӣһǿģһ٣棬ʣ⻰ǲǺ˳ģܶ뷹
죬ڶ֪ʵ
˳һЦû
ʵ۳ԷרһԲ̫źһŶԳԲƷ֮Ÿҽ͵ʵǰ
һ±ģһӣ㳯ԪùҲţԲˡ
ҪԪȨû
˳۾ؿһۣ̫ӣĪҪôߡ
ʣҲ
˳ͻȻЩڸһͬ÷ؼֱθڡ
۾¶ãðл㲼ˣܶ졣
ǸѨһһ׼ʱ죬ǲأһ
˳ۿžǰľƱһЦո˵ӣ̧һ
¶ǣ˳ºһ˿ȰǧͻӺɡ
ȾƵĶһ٣̧ͷؿ϶ǲǲ̫Уˣ
ǲͬˡ
̫֮λڼûȵ͡浭ش𣬡ģʻΡ
˳۵˵ͷƺ⣬̫ӣΪһð´踣ףȥΣ޶԰ɣǹЦ俪ּһ䣬Ȼ£ٴĴҲҵ̫ӣһأƻ󴢾ãۣ޾ǴȫҲýкá
ݵ޳ָסƱ·̡
ˣ˳Խ죬ϵıӺͰףѭѭգߣֻҪϻӺ֮޿Ե֪ôô
˳۵Ŀ棬ʣ뿴ʧ̬ܹ֣ٺòˣ
Ȼ߱£ЦеľһŻʵվԸֶΣѱаһ𣿶ǴӦô֪ˡ
㻹еڶ·𣬻ȥҲǸӣֻҪ̫á˳ʡ
ͣǳţдµһ졣˵ȻڸǲˣǾøĳעĿʣνᣬۻƣôѧѧһһҺãǺһЦȻָ˳۵ɴ˳ʵȴܱ.ҵճӣĻ


190 
ɹ̫֮, ԪԼΧ̫ԭأ·ˡ
Ԫǧ趼û뵽࣬ҵճ˭
˳۲ô, ô, էȻ, ¹Ϊʵ, ҲһƤĴʹС
ŭ֯, ؿ, , ·Ҫ籡㡭
濴ŭɶģ, ϵЦԽãȣǲǲΪˣ
˳۵, ޲õ棬ĿⲻɵؿԱߣźĹ˻ϵľջȥ, ˳ƤҪˣȴʣڣ˵˳ڲס
£ԪԼǷ׷¹, 
ӣ˳ۼֱҪˣһϲ, ŭ, ˣ
ſڽʵ۵ĺ, ̳˽ͼ˳ָ£
⡭ʱ̫Ӱ
ǲ˭֮£Ҳֻ
ţ۳ߺȣ̧ͷȻ壬ʸʣ֮УѲΪ˵ʵ
˳߳ŭǺ
ǲǺϾз
˳ƤֱȻ뵽һ£㡭
ĵѵҽȥ磬п֪ʮǰʲô¡
ͤѰŶ߽ڵʱһ仰ʱͣ½Ų
ʮǰ
һҵĽŲԶشһѹ˳ǰϣӷˣ
˳۵ʱ˻ΣԪ˸Ͻס
ˣһ䣬˵ʲôôˣ
Ŀ̲ס˳ۣʿˮŵ˵ӺȻ󺰴еشţ˵˵ʮǰϼ顭.һ磬䴥֣ǡñʺ󿴵ƭ֪α˹֣֮ɻء
ƽʱ˵Ϣһ·Ͱͣò˵꣬ŵ˶ɸӡ
ɹһƬңǴ˿ȴž
ͤȻعѿڶ޻̸֮
˵ӲǷ˵𣿡ζˡ
޲ҸطȥֻӲͷƤش𣬡£˵Ϊ֪ôܣűϹѺڹڣܼˡ˵꣬סˡ
žžžƣͷѾŤ˳ۣεʣɡҲ˵ˡϵ˼Ÿǳŵİ취ǵ⣬û뵽ⶼʣģװģֹ̧˹
ڳȻ˵ж̫ӵ²Ҳû뵽ʵɱ
֮ͬ˳۵У۾Ѫ죬Ŀͬһ㣬Ŵһõģ
ͤͬ޹ģ̫ӵĿ⣬ȻʶԼʧ̬˿ҥ
̵һЦΣ̹ӡ
䣬һسϣӡ˲Ͻˡ
ˣˣȫǶ֪ˡʣô죿ͤץץʡ
ôôϽȥǲװɵûӦϹ⽫ܣʱѾûȥעˣʣ̫ȣһܳȥ
ңǿе̵壬ԪûûȨƵĺӵܣ֦һ࣬ǲսȴǱʵºǺεعߣ˳ܸɳ£ʵںţѫܰݣ
˶Żʵۣ棬Ҳܺ棬λԸı¸ôʰо֣ǻ۴¡
˳â̵Ŀ£ǱŵһҲ᲻ȻһѪҡҡ׹建Եڵأŭˡ
ϣ
ϣ
һڴɹżܽܳҽҲ˲Ǵ̼ĳţ˳ǣһãʱ򡣡
˴̫ӵµ˵䣬ҡ߳ȥͤߣ˶ٽŲһ䣬л
ͤһ۵ײɻ󣬵ûٶ˵ʲôԴС뿪ˡ
ͷѩͣ£շ·Ƶģһ
СӼˣ̲סпǸ
ȴ˰ǣͷɹķЦ
*
ӷ˷Ƶܣһһߺһֱܲ֫ŵڵϣΧָָΧۡ
˻ӣĸС㣬֮׾øֵһȣ˭ǷݿЦʿǫ鶼мһˣȻ˿ȴ޹˼ɵŢĵϡ
ѩ¹˺ͳѾȵð಻Ȼ泯죬ЦŴؿɾúЦ
ΪװɵԼѾˣȻӦ󡪡
磬ϱӵĶԹĸǾ͹ȥˡһĶֵأסɩɩֶǾͲٳȥ֪ĸУξ⣬̫͵͵Žƺ׼ʥģһ̫۴ϣޱȡȻȴ޽ſӷϵѩȻһƨȥ˫գҡڣòڡ
Щ£Ҫ˵̫ףӾǱڸҲ֪ԸѾ˲ĵز
ʱҹӾúܿЦɵһΣ
ɶпӣܵܿ𣿡ƤһҲûò˼ǹ£磬ھɩɩֶǵĶ˼أһ˲һ𣿡
ֹһҲţģºɣȻʣǷţûĿģ
ٺһЦһǻõ˵ôı飬Ƿöл硣
ӣʱĬغȫΪʲôʱǡ
߯ôıȨλ
磬ⱲǰûɶԵ֣ǵܵˣλԺ˿ֱ˵Ƶҡͷ̾Ϣܵܲһ֮
ݿӵȻһ
ʲôʳڵϵĻ
һ䣬ˣԼֳĻ򵥣۵ǲѣզλ
²ӵЦǰ㳩죬գƺԼĸף૵Ƕˣƾʲôֻװˣ
ǴҴҸԱΧסӣһʱ䶼֪ô죿
ջʪĵ̫䣬ܲסԸΧ˵ȥˣ϶ȵˣܸ˰ɣ
ôᣬվǻӣЩֻһţ治ҶֽѺȥ
ѾϱֻʥּͷУξһţ¡
ߡ
ȥĶУξ޳
Ӱһۣǻظˣ
*
رǺ漸ӣǰջǳйԱУôһ֣ʱ䣬Ƿ꣬οмҡ
˫Żṳ̂ۡϡƺ͸ѧ˳衣
û¡谲̫ӵ¸ȥûôΪѾͷҳˡ
ϡƵ˵ͷϵЦ֪ûܵ˺Ҫ˵Ĳ֪֪ӽշ贳ϣ˺ʵ۱.ҴݺĿõĻʺ볯ͨ£
ʵ̫ͻȻҲ̫ˣϡƺ͸ѧŵʱֱԼĶ䣡
˶һѾף
˫̥ȥ赹δţŴͲɵظſԼҵܵܣɫһ䣬λӾ̫ӵµ׾˾ˣλҲ
ѧȷʡ
ףţ´С֪ס
һ̫֮£ٹעˣҲǺ¡֮󣬸ѧϵøһ
̵һЦˡ
ѧ޳ɵرЩѫܹưոݣ
跴ʣѵ׷ȥʣ
ʲô
Цǻϲأŭģθ
ǲãã˫̥ʱŷӦǵȼŭмҼڱ߹أȴΪĻʵعţѪʵڲֵ
Сߵðѻλó̫Ӽλ𣿡
ô򵥣龫ǵشıˡ
ٻӹĻʵۣҪҲֻбı.ɱ
뵽æϡƣ㣬ңȵϢȥ
ϡ΢΢һŲɵתͷŸѧ񣬺֮ס֡
ϡ¶һЦݣá
ʱйȻϢģزԡ
һжԤ֮У轫׼õŽϡƣ㣬ˡ
ùţŽ˻ױڡ
мŮ
ϡ̧صرȭµõǼҵ˳˴򶼲ǡ
㣬ǣ˫̥ظ
ϡƶŸѧ˵֪⣬һ˵꣬һǣױȥ
ѧһֱıӰþһӵ飬ıҾû뵽ı֮СȻìԥ飬ϡԶȥ֮УȴֻʣµǺ
ͳʲôãԲǰϵĻʵۣ


191 
ʵٴѹǵڶ, ɫ·Ѿҹһ㡣
΢΢һŵ˱, һ㾪ϲˣ
Ԫ磡
ϸϸ, ˳ĽŲ, , ת޵硣
һɵĲҩζ, ֻԪһҩ߽, ϡ
˳ۿŴǰ, һ˫۾Ѫ˿һûкúϢ, ɵʣ˯˶ã
ػϣһһҹ
ôޣ˳ƵĪ
Ԫ紹ͷʱ, ūЪϢ˻ģ, һ˫ء
Ȼ˳۵Ķȴݣʱ˿, ߻һˣǿο۾, ̫Ӳƣֻ˯ΪС, ԪĲ, Բи
˳˼, Ȼʵϡ
ԪҩҲûдߴٻʵۺҩôؿϵһϦ֮˳۱òήң·ĺˡ
ʵģȻһ뵽µĴЩԼܵĿ࣬һ޹ͺ嶯ȥһѽ
һһҹƺ̫Ļôǻʵ۾ǻʵۣ岻ʱ߽̫ĬĬ»Բѣ޹Ҳߡ
ԪǳɹҲգһʧܣ˲ϧȴ̫ӺĲá
Ը͵ϢȻ˯š
Ԫҩ˹֪ʲôʱ˳۾º͵ؿʲô
ԪعҡҡͷˡūЩˡ˵ţߵߣСĵط˳Ҫҩϣ˳ȴԼȡ
ǡ
Ԫ˳Щʱڣڻʵ۵ȴÿɰҳ
ɬҩź£˳ǿ꣬ҩݻԪ磬Ҫӹȴ˳ʣǲǶ޺ʧ
Ԫһ٣ʶҪҡͷվҡȥ
جһЩδɹÿÿҹѣһĻ޶԰˼ڼصúܺãϧһеĿơ˳һģ֪ԪеֱҾེţԸɴԼ˵ˡǵ˵һ޹֮£֮𣬱Ͳ⿪ںڣ԰磬Իʺ󣬶ҡĻΣǵʮ˲ȥˡȿȡ
ʾԪһܺõֶΣ޶ԡ
ƣ룬ɫѿԪ粻ɵʣϣǷЪϢһ
ˣЪȥλˡ˯һһҹ㹻̫ᷢʲô˳ۺпڴͷضԪЦû뵽ߣĲֻ㡣Ԫǰô㣬ܺڡޱ֤һỤ㣬ί⳯͢ϵĴ󳼣ܵһģ޶㣬ǰֻҪܵã
˳۵ĻȻ٣Ԫ粻֪ʵϣжж㡣
ϡ֮ʵڲ֪ķС
ͤڣ˳ҲûġȻˣǱһѪʹȥʵ˳ƣ룬˵仰ۣҪţȵıǰͤ˲ܵꡣ
ǡԪ룬һɣ߳ڡ
̧߽ͤܿ񣬡ϡ
䣬ͷ˰ɣ˳
ͤĬһ˵ҥԷ׷ףڸټ
ϵĵһЦڵһ˵
ͤĵѵø
뵽ǻҵһҹѪ죬޹ڣ֪̫׷ͺڷȴܽŮϣߵ޹ǻʵ˽ѣ
ֻ⻰˵Թ룬ɴֱӵϥʧ죬иʶϽ
ӸɽأΪͳ죬̣Ȼβꡣ
ʲô˳һ̾ͤ
ͤûֱԣǲʺƹܽ
θɣΣ㣬㣬ˣǴ˿ʹǻˣҪޣ޶ȥ𣿡˳ۿЩѵҪӴޱؿۣĪǻ´ȿȡҵؿͤ϶ݣ֪ҹجβǺڡ
֪ʱ˳˫Ŀᣬ̵
̬ⷬͤվʯĳӵϱ塣
˳۵ƿƽϢϳȥתΪ԰ףǿһЦݣ˻ȥ仹޵ġ
ϡֺ֪αص
ͤǲύ֮£ֻǴип
˳۲˲壬¶һĨʹΣ̫ôҲпԭ޾޹֮⡣ֻ˷ǣ̫ȥʺţ޾Ҳɸ֮ˣ̫ӷ޿ɷ⣬޸Σ˳˵·ĺʨצǵ۾¶һݿҲǸ߸ϣǴһСġ
˳ʾȴ֮١
ͤȫͬоλ䲻볯ýʮ꣬ȴвݺӵӰʵ˳ƽջأôս͸һȻ䣬Ӹͽⲻܲûʵ۶롣
ѡͤǸͳб»³ᣬ̫ͤӾԶ֮Իʵģ񣬶ʮǰĳէȻ¶˳۶ʱڣѾûǸˡ
ôʣһ̽
ͤüϣǴ󣬾͸øһϴ¡
Ȼ׼Ǵ˿ڶ˳ŭ⣬Ｚگ
ƾʲô
ＺگǲǾҪ˳λ
Ⱥ泼ӣ
˳۰ŭƤȴִƣҪʧ̬
ݺݵر۾Լͣջƽ֮¶ȻЦݣԼǡлָ㰲Ŵ¡
⻰ͤе⣬Ϊ˳ۻܾ
飬˳ۿЦ޲밮ġ
ǣϷġ
ȿȡȿȡ˳۷·һ£ǿƲסһο֮죬ͤȣ̲סϣ
˳޷˵ȵøˣ·𲻽ιӸȳ޷ƽϢ
ͤˣ̫ҽ
Ԫ缱Ҵҵش̫ҽֻһţ֮Уͤүʱһܡ
ͤͷǵؿ˻ʵһۣ뿪ˡ
߳⣬ŹǧƻãȻ
ʮǰ緢ûûεǱ˾Ȣ˿νӮҡ
ͤҹϵʵΪСƤѧ£δⴳ£ǿ͵ѧ
ҵѧʹĹӼ඼Ȳϡͤʱӣ⣬̵̫߽һӡʵãΪܲԼӻؼȥˡ
Ϊһᣬû뵽̫ҹһ䡪ƤȴԴʤϲүô
̫ܵһͣͤƨڱסˣҲپڸڵһ켦竣ȴûǳһ¡
ΨһһǱ˾Ȩ̫ܻʵ׷ɱ֪ͳǡ
ʱ̫Ͷ·æͰˣûʹʲô£̫ҲΪ˶֪ܣԶ£˭֪˭͵
ôͤҲûֻ֪̫һҹͷгľ
Ϊ۾֮ΪͤΪ˱ܿע⣬һȻǱ˾ָʹһְͤԶȨУ
ΪһӾˣû뵽ʮ֪֮࣬ȵΪٻĽ͸Ѫȣ࣬࣬.ң
ͤ뵽ȻЦһ̫û
ɹڽңһ̾ɵԼ̫Ҫָʹúȥδӣ


192 گ
ͤ뿪, Ŀ̫ҽ֮£Ż
֮˰˰֣˶ĬĬ, һž֮С
Ԫ
Ԫϡ
˳۵Ŀͷ, ޷˴, ȴ̫֪, , ҹ, ڰ֮ȴȻ伣ˡ
Ԫ羲, ˵Ǿң»Ѫɡ
޵ķӦν죬ɻûҵ̫, ƺһҹ֮Ӿʧ, ޵Ƥ¡
˳˵, Ԫһ, ˲µһʵ, Īͤ
ǺǡҪͨӳ, Ǳ˾, û˳ɺ۾ź, û², ֻû֤ݣֵǻʼҷ粨δʵڲܹ׺ѫֵ֧ͤ
ȵ䶨, ȴҲ˳, ԾǱ˾, ôҲ͵֪׷ˡ
Ԫԭ̫ӺµŪغȫȴýͤλүĴ磬⼸ܶҡ֮ˡ
ʵۻӹûȻҾ֮˼̫ӴλȴǿڹĴ治
浽һ죬˵ӦϣͤﶼǶ̫ӵĿ϶
Ȼָϣ̫Ӻͻʵָۣ˭
Ԫ˼֮ʱȻͫ뵽Ļ

ĵૣ壬Ǵ˿̹ڼȴԵЩ˳ˡ
ϻ¶һЦݣ֪ΪΣԪʶĴɻȻ谮Ȼжܾ˻Ȼں˵һ̣˳֪
ˡ
Ԫ˵Ŀˡ˳³һ޲أû̼
Ԫĵı˵ˡ
˳̼Ǽ٣档
Ԫ΢΢һͣѵôūּ˵꣬ƺЩףһּ
˳۵ͷдɫʣԪ
飬֪ܿ˵ٶؾ̼Ϣ
ּеȴʵＺĳǼΪȻ̫ӻز棬ͤü٣ҪӻؾƺҲ޷
ֻ֮˴뾩²̼ǳΪԸ̫ӵ
ǲǺϹأ̫궼ˣȺ׷෴ԣֻǱͤڴɹ֮⡣
ԪŽңңޱؿʥϿͣٹּ
µĵ⣬ڴ˽վǰ򢣬ԪͤĿ£Ҳ¹
Ԫһ֮˽ݹڲ壬Ȼ£ȡڲԸⶨＺл¡
һڳô򵥣
аͣˣ϶ԼĴ
ȻԪȻδ̫Ӽã޿ٸＺ˵꣬һڣմˡ
һ꣬Ⱥ⻰Ѿۿȥ˵˰죬Ǹ֮ơ
̫ӵ£ˣԪʡ
Գ˳ǣãǰ¶Ƶͷѽʻʲôʱ򿵸
ԪТΪȡ
ʱȺȻǱͬؾĿ׷׿棬ͬ˷ԡ
ֹһТػĵñǴˡֹһ¶ˣһʱ䣬˶Ծ
Ԫ˵꣬߻عС
*
̫Ӹڣ½½㼺ĳȰͬ⣬ѫҳַԣ£ͷˡ
˳ּȴɹؽìתƵ̫ͷϣƹŻִ졣
潫󳼶ߣһˮһҹ˾ʱ򽫸һأõƬ̴Ϣ
ƿţֹЩʲôˣ϶ǺֶΣַȫͷˣ
ôôɾ裬͵͵ּͳȥɱֲأڴ赭
߽ȥ轫һֽϵȼһǣ̼仯Ϊ˻ҽէȻĻ⣬ЩױӺһĨ⡣
׼˵ĵ磬ֹһԵϣǰʣٻضּ⣬Ӧûбġ
ĻŶܵһ
һ򣿡Ŀд棬ôˣ
΢΢۾ЦЦؿǶֱӵıگĸ·¡
⻰ıЩ΢ôš°ѱȨȫ˶磬һɵ֮󣬶ʵҲһ˰ɣ
Ա¶ɵԸ񣬺Ѳ𣿡跴ʡ
ʼ磬طһĻʡ
豻ЦˣŴһ䣬ߣҪؾ·ǴŽ룬Ҹ·̸ݳŵľͬԶܴŴļӪӱ޸סġԼӪսεһ£ʱ
ֻҪӪٳֶװΪı뾩Ǿˣ뵽ʱһӡ
ءšһϵＺگһҲҪҪֻǱ䣬ٶ»ʹ֮ҪȵۡʲôĴ۾˵ˡѾҹǣǰߣӶ
ȻĿ嵭һȵоŨŨѪζŰԼߵ裬Ѿ΢ЦºͿţƴ棬˫ӰѪȷ硣
ʣɵʣ裬²£
̧۾Ŀؿȥأ
ҡͷСҾ֪ɱɱңԱһʱ䣬ΪΪڣҾܳɹ˸żᶨĹ⡣
Ȼ΢۾Ȼ㶼ҪɹˣΪ׹֮ˣʲô
Ķʱ͵§Ķ૵裬˵Ҹʲô㣿
Ҳػش𣺡㰡
Ȼܸˣֻûôãܿܿǧȴ裬ϱӲܿ࣬ǻƵ½Ե
ҹ˾ĥ֮УԺ˯ǰ㱵һ䣬һգɽ֣󡣡
*
գڴӦ˻ʵ۵Ҫ
ڶգжʥּʡⶨӡ̫ԪϴӡĿ֮һ·ɽǰ߶ء
˳ڴϣԪ棬¶һЦݡ
һûʲôＺȵʾ龩ҪӸʹĴۣ
*
Ӻ
깫ŸԼսףĿ⻳
Ȼݵ
깫ͷֻŮѾ׸ϣ߽д΢Ц
깫ؿݵܶûˣǰʱȥޣû뵽ͦÿ𣿡
깫ͷÿмҶŮսÿһ
ʱг߽游ʹʱӦúܿܵˣ¶ҲʱǽɳŹеĹؿ
ͬǣδѩЩͽǽðɡ
ǧӪʧһջףնȻע⣬ض˽ؾ棬Ҫıǽⱨ֮ˡ
ûǡгĳݲδչ壬ᵥֻǼؾˤ£ѵıץȥҲµĲʵ۱Ȼּǳʱ̿ɱ£ǵı赲
гһĽôű޻˵վһ㡣
Ŀ깫ѾõϣˣʣǲǻٴһΣ
Ϸ򱦵δϣ
ϣмҽ󣬽ϵȡ£һͬϡ
гô깫أ
ɳŹصĽʿմ󽫾ԸЯһΣ


193 ٳ
мװʱ, ϡڳɳŹء
ڶգɳŹⷢūټ¶ǧӪ̤ѩԭ, Ų֪١
ȵʧ֮, ʶԾ, ҪɳʿѰӪ, 㴫ѩ, Ӫ֧ԮϢ
ӼӪΪж, £ס, 뾡취串Щ귲ǶԿūڵһߵԶǼӪ, ¶ɵӿνѡ
ڣ¶ɽƻӲ, ȻūҲǣǺȫ, Ҳֻǻ̽ѡ
ΣòӪΧϢ, һ뷨, ѩΪڳٳٲҲͰװ״˽ץĻᣡ
¡¡̤ѩ뻮һǧڼӰѩɽƹңԶɽѩ¡
ǻͷһ, ֮, ɴڡ
, ˵Ǵɵӻ᲻ΪǶ, Ҷǣڳ¶, Ϸʵ
¶Ƴһۣɵֲǲӣ֮һ˶ûȥ֪ôˡ
죿Ƕ񻪹Ϲٵˣë
ԣ̫ӵǻͷǾ͸Сӵɫ
ѩ̫ˣҹĸ·ʹǼӪЩԲ˵Ծգ̫ƣˡ
Ȼһ޼ʵİãɽһԶĳǳعؿͳǰ
񻪹صˣ
¶ɲɵؼӽ˦ޣӰѾ񻪹г
ʱǧʿһ
ɳŹص񻪹ص·ͨģʧļӪһ·񻪹أͨӺٵȻϾ֪
ؿԽԽȻ¶۾һ񻪹ǰʱغ硪󡪡
гŮ񻪹⣬Զ۶ĺڼɵ¶Цݡ
г񻪹׼ǧӪµĸڽƥιٶȵõָ
¶һҾƣŮļ򣬡ôҲˡ
ѾǸĹһױ磬۵ѾӢһ֪һλӢŸף̲סҺһȥ
¶ŮԴЦɶϢǶЩҷһʮڻ£汾¡
г赲տɱǲѶá
󣬴Ӧס̫үү׹
֪С᲻ãӻóһִ̧¶ɵ׽󣬡Һ㡣
á
һΪСĴָ˵С
һΪ¶ɴȦָסŮĴָһӡ
ս½ȣг簲׵֮¶ɵˡ
¶ɴӵվƨϵѩӣȻ˹ָ硣
ţ


һ£̫ãźˡ
ԣгɵĿߵƤν£ߡ
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Ӵǣ
ʱˣåɵЦһ¡
Ϸ޵ĻҪװ࣬ʵгΪ㣬ܹ弸ƻãгͲǸߵԸ񣬽Ѿ׼ĳ¶һЦҲԣ˵ֱ꣬ȥ
һĬ֮ɲǼ񻪹кͺһȺӪʿһǺ
۾Ź⣬һԶĴָֻС
һպ죬¶ɲȥ֮ʱͻζϵĸǲȫ¶ɱһٸūҲڻˣ
罫治о󽫣ȷٻָӣ
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ٻؾּⲻ뿪һ£ʱ䣬Ҳŵʥּ̻ǲ֪ΪΣǰӿȴѾʼˡ
Ǳ˾ָʹǰͷԪ磬ͷ̫ӵ¾Եˣ˲һͷ
ʳʳǰΣΪǱ˾˳ûоᶽػķŵľǱƽʱɵıѲӳŽ·˳ﾩ׸ץӴﷸ¡
̫Ӻͻʵ۶ھУǹҲǱûйϵϾǰͷһλִƽͤء
ȻƣָʹЩͷˡ
ˡָʹϷػⲽüʵ̫ӵ˵ʲô
Һúסš
ָʹƵ⻰ôͷλһ
һָʹù˼گسţԶ
̫ӵأ
̫ӵگţΥʥ
˻ָʹԻˣ⡭˵Ĳһ𣿶ǷگȻǻѵ̫
ָʹųŵķʿˮô˵ûûö˶˵Ϊʲôţسţ
ָʹ룬ʱؿʷ⣬ⶼĶı
˼Ҹìܣ˴һ٣ŹҸأѪƯƣݡָʹһ̾
ǴˣǸô죿
С棬Ҳˡ
ô죿˵ˣگָʹһЦӹôʲôͶگӽֵǰѳŸסˣ˭گ˭ӾͲ⻹ҵ
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Ⱳ޵һ£Ϊʵʵĳӣȴ̫֮λδʧۣ֮Ե֡
ǰܸ϶ҲͰˣ뾰ְȴС̵ȴζġ
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ڷһֱȣڵȵʮǰʵ۳ű¶ߺͳ裬˷ܣΪ֪ˡ
Ȼã˳۵گͬУ˵ֻһ㹻鼤ǵΡ
ٶȼᣬ̸ǣ̤뾩ǣϵĵλҲӲģʸϣı棬ֻʣΨһѡ
ʮͣȴ׶ϣʵؿһ־ðŴ꾪һ·򶫡
ڣԶ׳ľǳϡǰ
£뻹յ·̣ɫ䶨һ꣬簲կӪ½ңǵĶ
ȻƼҲ֪һ·ƣǸϴ˵ɻңʱ䡣
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һǳţȻū͵ź½˴ʡ
ʱʵԣ˳Ϊ˴̫һֲؾּⲻŸյزã˭û뵽жѾʾƽǡ
ҹ䣬Ȼ£һƣ뵽ԼһǰǳСӱ뾩ʱǱٻպֵէȻľ㵣Լ汻ıеܻģвɵزһɳС
һѩǰܣǰ
үǾҵġ
Ⱦ΢ͷˣȥշ̣
ҹڰѶֻǿе΢Ĺ⣬ȴʳǻвվĻҰϣΪΨһָķ
ɳŹĶȱӵȴԶܹѩأɳ籩Ӫɶûѡ軩ڱһͳƽӪʣûй
ӪظеֲԾʱ򣬼ӪѾһ֮أʱٽת֮䣬ҹΪһĳ̺ڼѾǰȻһĳ.ǹ˺˴æĴ
ộĵЩûôսϴľӣҹϮʶķӦǻסоҪ֮ˡ
¡
ʿգƵġ
ǰһ̶ڻԼ̫۵ӣһ̣ǳص㣬Ŀ˷·һ˴ײԼǰĲ㱣
һ˲䣬ΪЩѪֽ֮ģȻֵ۾Уġͷ¡ͣĲϣȻػͷΧʿһۣ
ˮˮһһҲ˻ɱ˵Ȼ֪Ƿ̫ŵãǱѹס˺֮УֻȵĿ⿴½졣
ˣҽٳַگ
ʱΧĽŷӦһʡ
һͶԳ¶ɵگֻһǶûץˡ
һͫ׶ʱһȻǳġ
Ƶ·
澿Ǵδɱͱľӣ
ſ£
ͲĴ𣿡
һһ죬վͶ˭ǰһ
¶ֳĶˣʱţ÷ϻֱӵҾͱͱʬ塣һ
Χʱ¶ûֻ˼ʱ䶼веĵǹղסæȵȡ

ѹźܵĶ£££¡

¶һϵıӿհףҲƵʿ
ˮ֮УһܺáСһĻţ㽫ĶǶͳҲûҵףگأ
һ飬˭һɶš
˵Ҳǡ¶ĿһתǸ̫࣬Ȼ°͡
ױɷ£ȥһ̫սսһӳˣһگͻڡ
ܺá¶ˣһѽ˸ϣԼնױҲһߣڣ
·ٳ˶¶ɾû㻺δҹζ࣬ǰϢȥҹ뾩
Ӫٶȣܼͨ籨Ŷñ˦ں棬ֻҪ˳ǣôһоͳɶ֡


194 ı
ĺܴ, ˯е˳۸ˣ֮Ҳ˯ž, ĵ׶һ˿ֻʡ
Ȼ, Ԫ
ԪҴææܽһǵϣ
˳Ҳ֪ԼôˣסԪ, ۾, ʣԪ, ޸еܲ, گû֪
ԪŵȻһΪԼиܱˣ
ҹ, ĺ󱳾˲亹ʪ, ʧ̬Һ, ΨһĹİ, ҴҼʵۣûüΧ, û˳ۿߡ
ŵع˹, ˵ϣūڼСģӦû֪
˳ۿΣô
Ԫ۾ɫףŬ, ūŽҹֵ, 괵е䡣
˳, ĦֺӣһֵЩºαΪҲ̫ЩСˡ
ԪЦЦס˳ۣͷʱ䲻̫ƽūŲȹˡ϶׼ūϢգؼĸס
Ҫ˳ȻʧЦпοʲô㰡ʵ˾н΢ԽһЩѵ㲻ɣ
лϣūҪġԪ˵Żʵʱ磬ϲЪЪ
˳ûзԣȻʣԪǲǸýˣ
ԪǱӵ΢΢һ٣ȻͷǵģگһȥȲػؾһ·ͻϢ࡭աֻϢݸ裬̫ӻô£Ԫһ֪һֱӦԣƾеĳ룬ʵ벻Ըİ취
Ǳ˾
ūѾջϵּôزκʧ
˳룬ԼļƻӦ˳ģζ뵽ؾô磬ж
Ԫ˼ûУ󽫾ɳŹأмҶã̫ӵûȨ
⻰˳ЦС
Ԫһʱ
˳ۿ϶ޱȨ̫ı棬ǸЦ
ԪʣǡĶı
Ϊ¶޵Щɶѫӵܰ˳Ц̫ӸǧǴ˵оͻмҾһʱ䣬ٻΪؽ㹻һȺ˽
Ԫ𾪣δ˳
ͤڣϡ
Ԫ绹δ˵꣬˳۱ָ
ԪЩ⣬ϣūŶ죬ͤŲǻΪ֮ˣ赲˰ٹѽ
ڲᣬվ˵׼ˡ˳ĪһЦԪ㲻ûȱһ𣿡
ʲô
̫ı棬޲ʦ
Ԫܾ£Щ죬ʳǽţȴһĵ
£Ԫˣиɬɵʣϴô
˳ת谵УЩǵĿէȻһɲ̵Ԫһ磬ȥ齫
ԪͫȻһȫӲ
̫Ӿ͸춯˰ɡ
һ£ڶʱֻʣ˳۵ĺãԪʣǡ
ƻ̫ӣס㹻ȥˡ
Ԫ̫һ裡Ҳ÷˳ôǽһòȻҲˡ
ûѡֻܵǡ
ͷ꽻ӣԪһ߳⣬ˮʪͷպͣɲĺ䡣
ڼΣջʵ˭ҲţŪڹ֮䡣
Сŵ߹ŵǣս֮ɵʣϿʲôԸ
Ԫ̫ӸϢһֱСڰģʱðգʹͷݷҰһиڰб˴˿ţҡҡͷ
ȥ
*
ҹ˳޷˯Ҳ
Ϣǰ⣬ѾռӪȻܹʱδ֪
㣬軹涼ݹΡ
Ѿ׼֮УҲҵˣͤ裬ǲǻȱ˵ʲô
ͷŪһ𣬵ƹ£ϵı񾲶ã͵͵һȱҪһ
涯˶ĿʱĹٷϡ
ȱʹɡʵҲ˸̫ӵɱ
ԹųһŭΪգղҶౡ߸硭رס棬Ȼ̾Ϣ㻹ǷһҹΣǶҪһȥ
ڶգŵîȴȻԪǿӲ£Ѻʹ
жʮǰʵ۵׮֮Ȼٹٶ̫ӺϷ΢ʣۻƣȻǻʵ۱¸ʤһ.飬ɱݡÿһóȥ̫Ӻмҹӵã˶Ըܺߡ
˭֪λй̫ӵµӣû뵽ڻʵͻȻλӽҪʲô
̫췴
ƻ̫ӣףҧ³˸֣бŷŭŭŽ̻Ի͵Ĵɹ򣬡϶Լ֪ͳôдʲôʸң
ķȻӴۡ
棬˶ΪأֻʵôǸһźţѾȫ׼̫ӷѡ
ô̫أ
ǲҲûлˣ
һʪվڻʹ֮⣬ѣ⽻ӣ뵽ԼĸףΪ棬޹£ľ˾ˣһеһУİ֮ˡ
Ӳʣȡ֮
̫ڱıˡ
ܲѻ߳ǡ
봺֮󣬾ûʲôˣݵ꣬࣬һ죬·ûԺúýˣеʹͳ޶֮У㵹£Դϴˢϵ
ǵĽֵӴŲֻʵİգ̼еڵ·һˣرգͷķ괵棬ŲǹԱǰնɪڼУܿϡǻȴŲϵܶͱĦ
ĬĬһжȥ
¾λıնɱôһſŵͷ­һƬƬѪ
˳һգʼҡΡ
洩ſףŽ˳Ž⻬ָңָʹ򣬷һŭ𣬽š䣬ϵĵطǺھʿűɱ⣬ĽŲżᶨͦ
˳ԣ̫вǺޱǧ֣˽ص˽ǧˣڻ谵гʹȥ
⶯һһʮر˴ɹڡ
˳棬δ̫ൣģ̽˰־¡
Խٽ̫ӣƺȤ֮ˣһһҳûһҳطš
ǱסֽţǾڵһԣǰˮȣŷ¸Ҳð·𲢷ǱǿпѺĽĹ͹ӣˮϡǰˡ
˵Ӣѹ˹أ˳ϲޡ
迴ʱе飬ɳƶϵͷ·𱻰ܻһޱ飬̧ͷ¶һ̵Цõȴֻ˵ֶΣҲˡ
˳ûзŭƽͣŷĲĵ˲ŭ侲еĪ̫һ֣ѵмң
Ӷ⣬֪˳۾ûָõ𰸣ԼĲ²ˣ´ͷϿӵι֮ԣԵ˵ȫ繷ƨ
Ȼ˳ػش𣬡м̫Զѹ̫߰˰ǧˣɽι
𻰡
̬˳ôһ˿ãһ뵽ĺϷѵÿݵزƽϡ
˳ûװģڴϣǽ봩һ¡طǳ泯Ÿߴĵţƺеص˭ҹгʡ
ųܿͷưô꣬ҵְصվ֮Уܡ
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Ƿ粨һ𣬴ڼǱ˾ʥεػţҲ;ڡ
Ȼһ󺰣ͷӽ
¡һ绮ʣݵأ֪ʲôʱǺѹѹڼ׺һ·ľӡ
ⱲӶûܹĿ֪࣬˾ҹһһҹͣϢƬ̶ûСȺ·֪ƣ벻֪һ˿ܵϣˡ
ָľܹԽǰǱš
ʲôʱ֪ͣһĶ̲ס̽̽ıϢ
զˣˣ¶ɻͷһʡ
ûһ֪ǿϧң֮һ·е㸴ӡ
ţ;ͲСˮŸʵǸһ·ǳ¶ɵ֪˶ٴν˶ȥͷ
ǶԷûˣ黹е鷳
ǰ棬߸ߵĳǽϣڴ˽кߺˣ
Ҫȸ㣿СȥǱ߽Ӧ
ǸҪʣ¶ɷ߲ŷģһǱ˶ͣ¶ɾЩԸ⣬ⱲҲ§гûȤͷǵһگͻ˹ȥȥ
ٵһ¶ɰο˸һȻ㣬أһƣ۲¶ڣ
ϣ
ʵ̫ˣͷͷӦ
ţǱ˾ҲҿһͻȻ֮С
¶ûʲôģȥһģگ˸ᡣ
ӹһѾ޴ĳüᣬųϿһ˹ȥ˲䶤Ůǽ֮ϡ
һֱ֣ǽ֮ˡ
ˣǻϵگ飬Ҳû
گ̯Ǳ˾ָʹǰ߿·ȴڼ׺ɭɭķ·ޣ»δӽܸоǹɱɱ⣬ǾþսŻγɵɷ塣
Ķȥľӣ
Ǳ˾ָʹûжʣȻگگҲڣôҲٶһ١
ţŶǡ
ǡ
ΡľʦŻؿ¶һֵ̧ǣ


195 ߱
ػʹ˽֮, ͳλòҪ
ͤǰѪˮˮ֯棬߽׼ү, ¸·վɱң
ͤûж֣Ľڽ֮У޷߲ϻˮ, °ͻ۵, ˵ɱ˴ɹҲȥ
Цҵ£ֻҪ߹, ѡ񣡡
̧ͤ, Ľÿһ, 
лü˵ʿ˹ȥ
ʵյͳ, ͤתìͷȻ, ʵѾıûʲôˡ
ʮǰ, ܲԵɰ̫, ʮ֮, ѡ۾
泩ͨصɹ, ܵ
谵ҹ, Ȼɹ, ŵ, Ż, һء
濴, ŷâ֮ǹ׼ǣǵ߽ʣһ֧ͤ޷ǧ
һ壬ִӵĻʵҲȻġ
򴽱ߵˮĿ͸ȳĵţ·֮ܿˣЦЦ𣬡ɱ
̤ţ
ɱͱս֮ʱؾס
ѾĿ飬˺ѷεĺУײĦ̵öĤۣɫԵò԰ף޷εǣΪ档
̫ʿ䣬ʿȴҲΣء
ڣ˳̾ϢʥͽԣҾϧжҳϲһңҳӣ
Ҿ֮ǰ̻ΪΪˣɫҧŴϵĻʵۣ߾Ȼ㣬ΪΪΪˣ
֮˳ۿ˹ȥ֮䣬뵽˶ʮǰҹǷ绪Ҳ޵ض˵仰֮ɺ֮ѪӡȾ
˳ӿؿڶʱһӺðԲֹ
ʱ˿̣ˮԪֱߣûٴεȥ
ΪûбҪˣϣ̫ʧܣҲա
ûһ߿ԣһ߾Цָޡʱɱ㣬Ҫۿ̫ӷмһ塭
Щ֮Ľв֪ٱ飬棬мңиһı֮˶׼ȻӵĶһǿɷ·˺ݺݵ߬۵Ϣ
ġָĿᶨѪȾŹ⣬ʴȣΪϸø汨ѩ޵Ļᣡ
֪ãȻһԡѪҴҴϥصϣƼݣҾǵֵס
žǱû͵˳ϵĲյķڵڵש֮ϣشϾϳţ֮񾹵ֵסȺں֮ڣ
̫ʿ䣬ľȻʿǣЩʿǴĥ¶Ǿ֮аõľֵܵ
ȻҪǣӹ̫͢һ꾡ģ
ѪȴҽЩ˵ͷɱɣǿԸоѾ֮ǰ࣬ɱˣ
ϣҵԸ뿪
ɹ˲ţã˳۲һ뿪ȥĶ
ûܹش
ĶȥһȺ޵ĶȥҲס쳹
ǻϡ
죡֮Ͼ͵ˣʤ޵ġضŵϵȥ˭Һˣ壡
Ķ
ʣϢ΢΢һϣ֮ĵظϳ⡣
˳۽乵Ŀת裬ŵķһ㣬ƽȵ¶ڽ޵̫ϣҲˣʢ֪ߵغ񣬺ܿһжͽ͵ģޣ
费۾ָ֪Ƕ
ǣ
¡¡·̤һصˮ飬˺ǻ޷ڡ
ˣ

˳ۺĿͬʱ̧Ԫ缸Լ߬Ѫˣһ֮£̫ӻʤ
˳۵дűʤĹâǿľӣ֮
ĺнűء
ɹǰһƬյأʺ̣ͷܿתƣȥ
ⳡ䣬˶֪Ѿβ
˳󣬷·عⷵһ㣬ȶˣֱ̫һѺŭϲƺȲ뿴丩׵ģ
ǵĹĻˣվ֪ΪΪúÿЩ治ҳӣͷ­Ѫȼɹÿһש
ɵսսС̫໥࿴һۣ˭ҳȥջԪһǡ
ߵú·־壬¼̫ӱܣǱڵصģǺܿŲӿ죬һ˲䣬ҪԵģһ漣أ
һߣɵ»ص˼ž
˳ۼж˷ܵصţͲס̨ףڵС
ĳĬע⣬˫սȭͷָڷ˰ףƺǿűʹ⸱ģȻ˳۸Ϊˣĵһ䣬䣬ʲô
軺̧ͷޱϲ˵롭
δ䣬һӰȻʣͷɢȫʪ͸֪Ƕģµģ峯˳һ·ײȥһѱסȣʣȾȶȾȶ
˻Ƶſǻ·˸εս
Ǵɹڵƻͨ˻ϲһŢֵƣ
ˣ¡һС̫ྪ㵵ؽг
źĹˣݵĿɿڴ
Ķôģ
˳ڶһ̣һƬհףΪԼֿ˻þ
һ˲㶣ϵ۶һˮȾۣɵؿ״֮ˣôᡭ
Ƕ˰˶֡һɵſĨϵѪˮһ·δ̤ڣ󣬳¶һڼףš߽
̻Ի͵Ĵɹ˲ͷȷѪ꣬ѪζˮŰ㸡Ĺ
ϵ飬ͷ֪˦Ķˣڷš̲ˣˣһĿĵ˺ۺգǱֲǳ
Цвн̤ɹһ̾͸ˣⳡ䣬ʤˣ
лʵگͻȻмҼӪʳǡ
Ӫ˳۵Ƶ˳¶ϣ֮ͣŵԪ磬ѣŵԪ㾹ұޣ
ﾩǣ¶֪گ֮£ܹɣ
Ԫûд۾Ǿ˳ۣҽ֮󣬾룬ʲôĻɽδǶˣʮ꣬Сʥ飬ŴӲϣΪгһճΪԶ֮ţΪ£ΪЧңȻЦǣЧҵķʽȴ֮ϣӴƷ衭
ԪеĺڲΣŨҵкָ˶ɸӵĶˣֻϱӻ£Ͷ̥תܸһȣõɽǧǧǶˮ֮УԪԸԨ
ôʹ࣬־ᶨѾ䡣
ȻʵȴЦָ棬Ϊʲôö޵ѪϲöͬƣôüĿ״Ԫɣ뵱кβͬǱ°ϴ棡ۿһȥˣ£
ʵ۴һԴ֮ˣʱ˿̣ǳʤʵѶģҲҪ渶޴Ĵۡ
ãҪ˳Ӻ´棬ôƾʲôܵõ½ǧָϧ
أ
ֻܸһڻλϣҲֻһһ.
ң˻ķҲؽеĲн˹ȥش̴裡
ķӦѾܿˣֵһ̣Ԫ֮ʱͻؽԼŲűߣͼɫԼʵݣȻվϵ˳ҲǵСϷ
ʵ۾һͿأ߾ʿĽ̴ץʱһ۵С̫óذף裬ֱĺ󱳶ȥ
衪
ͷǹ
һ𣬽Ŷ˲ȥ̫֮һⲻɴֱǰȦױܿ
ҽشǰͷֻһ⺮ǹհɲǼ䴩޽ǣС̫ԺѪ罦ʬ嵹¡
ý̤Ŵɹ˲󣬽޸֮ĵֱ̫ܵӻһƣŰγʬϵ.ǹһҫ۶Ŀмǹǹ⺮â׼㵲ѵ˳ۣСһСˣ
ڻʹֻһ񣬱Ǳ裬̤ɹʼĿ˵ܵϣԲڵһʱ佫̫һǹ
汧裬ҵûа衭
߸磬û¡˲ѪˮŢֱ˱Ȼ쵶ն顣
һУԤ֮УΨһĳ˳۵Ѳһжˡ
ûʱԳſ裬ԾظԪվСߡ
ⳡ֮У¶Ѿ˽е£˳еĳ붼ˡΧϵϿɼήڵϵĶһߵ˾·
ƻͨȻ
˶ؿ棬һߵʿ˭Ұѵ
¶ɶ˵Լġ˹ȥˣĬȻ䣬Сܸʰ·磬ڣò
һҹļսѾƣ¶ЦЦִСϳ˰ذ׸õöɣ
лùذףȻһʵۡ
ӣҪ߱߱˳۾ܣǱҲûȥģʣüĿǷ
ǻҲǻʵۣҲĸף˳Т£λʵ۲öֶλ߱߱治赶ɱˣˮ֮Լϸɸɾʱλȵ¡
ȻذףѪӽ˸Ŀضɱ
̫֮ˣҴһ£޲Զɷĵܵܡ
ӡ˳۵ͫȻɢϾһƬţǻ죬ůĴɹҲֹϵ¶ȿȥ
ѽС˾ˡ
۾΢΢ֺݺݵؽذͱƺҪеԹ޺йյ˳۵Ķԣɱ㣬ôܸоұ˳أ˵ٺúɡ
е˳۵һΣȵѪ˳ذϣѪˣѪȻȵġ
ſ֣ƵʬȻұһأͽһ˫Ŀ۾
һ̾ǸȻŵıӰۡ


196 ǻ
֪, һҹ͹ȥˣͬ궼ֻͣ²ϵˮ, ڼˮ̶нһȦȦ
ɹ, ʿѾϵʬͱ, һϵĴˢ, Ѫ˸ɾ, ·ҹɱһ㡣
ڸԸۡﵣһϵĴ, ֮ǰӭɥӡ
˳ɥ, ʵۼݱžŰʮһ£ްʮ£ĬĬţһֱʮ, , ɥڴ˿ͣ£Ȼ
ѡ
ʮµ, ڸ, ѫ̲ס˻ʹЩš
ϼݱˡ
Ǳζⳡ̫ʤΪβ
˭û뵽̫ӱηıȻѰвһеĻʵ۸ɵˡ
죬׼, 
ʱڸľǸɵ, ˭һʱȥ¾ǰ, ģ
Ƿ׷ϳһ, ӿ˻ʹ
˿̵Ĵɹ, ˵̨, ǻʵ۵ʬ, ԭ˴
Ķǵһ죬ȻʤУվһ˿ãȻҪһʱƽ
ٹٺܿ͵ˣʵ۱һͱҪȥԼϣ轫Դļϣʡ
˵߱߱Ҷˣʲôϣ
ãǾͲڸˡҲֻһ˵ѡ
ǱҪ췢گ飬游ʹ㻹ڵǡ
桰šһܵ飬ѾԪȥ졣
ٹٿ쵽ˣ׼õǻ𣿡
һʣڳĬ̧ͷߣֻüĿǺЦ⣬ؿ
һ̣һѽ§ر̵ס˳£ʣйŽ裬ɹˡ
СӲޣԱԹˣ޷ˡֱ˿̣ĸоʮˡ
лл㣬лл㡭룬ûһˡ
ˣȥ·飬Ǹ߸ϵĵλֶôȡ
ţԼ¶һȹȥ
ҪϢ˵
ֱ㡣˶٣𣿡
Ҫ𣿡Цѽ
潫ԷſĿ΢΢ͷסĴ
˵Ŀԣᣬ࣬ϧ
̧ظǹᴩüǵѪۣѪһѾˣһ˲жྪա
΢΢֮ʣ̲סʣ𣿡
ûشɶԷţֻǸ§׷ѰŴסӶᣬȡһС
ӽʸӵл֮ˡ
С͵͵ԴһƼΪһ壬ѷֵˣ˻ȥȻɤӣŵѾȺİٹٵǻδ׼ãٵƬ̡
ӦõģӦõġڸϴͷţ̫ӵ°˼أ֮顣
˵Ϲı£͢¯࣬ȻȻؾ͸ĸ־ٶҷʥТɡ
СζؿЩͲֹĴǣ΢΢һЦ
һɹĵſˣһѪ߳۾ͨ죬ۣƺӡ֤Щԣװģغݺʹ޹˺һТӡ
ˣǷ׷״ӵһǰο
£ܸڰϼݱ˳ɽÿ֧Ű
ʱѽиϣһȥҲǺЦȪ
ЦȪ˵ʲôϹ
üʶƳһۡ
Ҫ̫Ҫ֮£Ǵɥ飬һ޾ǰλ¡
ǰ£
£
һ˫˫۾ֿ˳ǣȻ費֪ѾĹٶԼƲɾ
ǡôɡҲûǰʬһ£ֻЦЦÿ˵
ڸسԼȵһɤӣһߣһߺϰ
黹Ǽ⣬ȵۼݱ˭޵òһǾʧ񣬾һһ𣬶øγϡ
Ʒһһһ׷¹ʾˡ
ȻŸλȴĺɥȻֹ·ס˺һ㣬һʱ侪ȵ̧ͷ濴֪ʲô
ƴһӽСܹɹΧס̧߽ȥģȴûʲô¶ȵôˣ
󳼷׷ÿͷѪеʬ¶ʵϵذ׻ֱֱزţһ˫۾ѾݣǿóŨҵĺ;㵣Ŀ
ŻԲ˵ЦȪ֮Ĵ󳼣ɫ԰ѩŵõڵϡ
̫̫ӵ¡
˶ʧˡ
ı棬ǲҲĺÿһЩǲ֪λ߱߱
ԣǹɱġ浭⡣
Ļ߽ϵĵź⡣
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ӭ˶ݵĳĬû·һ㡣
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СӸЩЩҡ
˵ʲô
СŰɵʣӣղҲ̫ˡ
үġ
Ϊɶ
ִ̧˸Ƿסˣүǻ֮Ȣ裬ǻߴߴ᣿
Сӣ
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ڶ£µֵܣ٣ȥһʥּͷֻһ仰£˭£˭ȥ۵
ͨ׶սսĻǣʵˡ
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Ԫ磺˭ʴˣ˵һ֮¼ޣôдȷЩ֮󣬲һͷײڴϣ
мŶ˾ˣ˵ôһʼױмҿϰɣЩȷʡ
Ԫ磺Ǽױ
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Ԫ磺ӹûлʺ߯ôͶǲ֮ˣеȥػô죿
ȻȴҡͷǲУ޶ӦˣܾϷԣ
˵һӣһָСӣȥ
ԪʶһСӳ˳ǣǡ


197 
Сʥּվûаɹ, Ϊˣ߿ݣЦֱ, ˻ȥ, ôѸ¡
治⣺Ϊʲô, , 㲻Ȣˣ
˺޼޵Ļʵ, Ԫƽͷһμ, ĿΨһ, λȰסµ۳ΪЦ
ЦⲻϹء
ɲԪ΢΢ģĵ軹ǡ
Ȼ浱һ, ǻʵ, ƨȵۻĵͣĳܶʵͦߣͲһ, г־ײӣ
裬޶ʮ, ǵûǷһҹеίһ, ˳ɽУٲԼԳسɷˡ
ԵĿ⽫һһͷβ, һҲ̵., Ԫ綼Щ˼
Ҳһ˿ɻ, ̲ס²ʵ˺Ｑ, ĪǻֹУĿ⿴Сӣ߳ǣͷ
ϰ꣬ʽĶУûһʮ˻δ飬෴һΪҶ.Ҳȵ۾ŮɣԺռ߻˸̫ࡣӣһҲӲȱ檡
ģԪ羹֪ۣͻȻеλº޼ˣҲò̾һѱֶΡ
һ۷죬ֲã˹ִٷǵĺƵġ
룬ҹ̷ҡ費
һ죬ܾԲ˳
ѵʵ¼޾˳ˣԪŪף˶ס
轫ʥּݻ棬˵ԵúϹء
ţ
ȻϼҪмţΪҷӣôסЦǧʿѾ׼ˣգϵűǡ
Ԫ磺˹Ȼһˣһţ
*
»ʵǻ䶨
ഺ꾪֮󣬱һա
һ֮󣬱ӭ˷͡
ĹǴ֮ռ󣬵ǻرΪ˰ģҲûġ
ͤǱ˾ָʹڸȽз͡
Ȼעмһʵȴһ˿ûС
Ҳ費Ļţ˵ܹϵǴٵǧӪмҶȫѺϣǼӪ¶ҹðڻλϵ˭˵أ
ɾˣѧûһ̫ˡ
ʵ⣬⣬˶סˣǰ̽Ȼѧ񣬺߽һֹ·лڿڣ˵ģ˽·׷ײ²⣬ǲмҸµ˽²Ҫˣ
¹浱ʱһŭΪգΪı췴˭֪ⶼȵۺĽڰˡ
ʼұ壬߻װģҪ֪ˣһ檺ͺûУ߸ɸɾģ˵ҲλмҹӰбȣҪ֮ʱǰٰӣǧ裬ڷɣ޳⡭мҴ֮٣Ȼƴ˵µۺȵһԲ깫ٰռȨ
ǧӪδأµ۵˼
ָĲ²⣬ǵҷɣ˫̥һ䣬Ͻӻؼˡ
ֻǸսţͿصգ˵ǸѧһΧߵת߶ţ裬вУûѿѾ̫ˣһһУغܶϷ
Ȼ谲֮صţŲ裬һһںȵС
¶ɱŸ첲ڱһֲ´󣬰ŮִǶ飬˵мҶŮһһԼ˵ô죬ǰ׷͡
ϡû˵ŵ߽ʵˡ
ţǻָӣ㣬Ȱ
ϡƳɷһ۵˷ˣ̫ˡ˵Ǹѧ񣬾øƵġ
˫̥Գ˳ǣССҲòã˿ǻأĶС¼޵ĵҧͷ
ôһۼţ˯žС˪Ҳ˵
мȫ׸ģǮģٵģһӦȫĶǴˣ˶õһϧмҽýãΨһλüһŽɽ޵ģĶҽӣҪҪˣ
û£ֻʣӣ
С˪һº󡣡
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꣬ʱ룬ҪԼƤ趼߳ĸ忡ţ绪ï֮ˣǲԻʲô˶У˵ԼСľͿأ
ΪʵڹУûͷĹ£æĸһһȤûСҲˣ治ûʿֶڮ٣ЩĻ֮Ԫ绹й֮޲޵뿳Դ
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Ǹ߰æֵָţ
ţЩ޵ĻһһأֱԺǸҪˡ
һ󳼱𣬺޲߷߱ߣѧҲͬһ仰ҷͷһп˵ģ
Ū涼ûȤ˰֣λ
ϵһĻĻʵ˵мҵĲҪ֪ѧĵϵӣҪ·˾˾ûйҲпͣô˵
ο˾һֱڿҿңԹǹΪ֮ˣ֮Уڱ֪˶٣κεĴ
ݹ죬ԭﲻмͥ˲˭±ǣ·˾Щ֮˿ȥҪΪԣѧˡ
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Ԫһ֪ʵʲô۶ӡ
жԸѧĳ𶼿Էһ˼
֮Ƿһ߰ɣ޵ĵȸ˳ɲɣ
·˾ͱæˣ޵Ļ㵹ȥһ߰
ˣʵû֣޸ָɣ޸㶨вУ
ЩԪȻݣֻܺȥû֮µþճ̡
ڣ˾͸ˡ
ƽ磬֮ʱмҺȻϢҪȢˣ
ʲôʵ۲岻ľȻȢޣ
Ǽֱˣ


198 
мҵĵӿ, ڹȻȢޣ
Ȣ˭
ǻļҲ۵ĸҸмҽף±
ǶԻ֮У˶̲סʼΪ, ǵù͸Ů
Ҫ֪¿ɲǸ֮, ظѧ񶼲ϳ, мŶˣһȥͱ˸Χס
˶ʵۻŭʱ, ȴȻ֣һֱ粻ıȻ, 糯Ц, Уᶼڲס, 泯ķϻ֮ٺԺ, 漣
˵һֱڳ͢ͷƱһɢˡ
ûͷûβܿ뵽мҷųźš
˻ʵҪñӣôˣ
ĪѾᷳ裬ͲúȢ޸жϹϵмҲԾ֪ЯԱֱŹ··
ֻ̽εࡣ
ɽŮ˽, , ԭзο
ǣ˽һкκãôнԶϣƱز, ҵȻڵǡº, Ȣ, , ˼
²С, Ǵȴ󣬲Ϊ֮󰡡
λ󳼴һ飬Դ־ּɡ
һǺλԴ
ͻȻһ˲뵽һ֮ĸ
ʵӣɲǸɣ
趼ҪȢˣⲻζŻʵҲ飿
ʱЩסˣλȨ֮˺޲õɻؼңеŮŮʰ޳͵ʵ۵ǰ
ƾԼݣĸµλã̷ҷƷҲð
Ĳѫ๷һҹ֮ͬŮʫʣŮ춼׼ãһԶͽûʵѡ
Ÿ˲һ죬ͱĪһˡ
Ⱥǰɣ
ڶ죬쳹ãĦȭƵĴ˲Ϣģ࿲Ҷԣȴ벻Ϊʲô
˵Ů˵µ죬˵ͱ䣬λ±Ů˻䣬һҲûдȵ۵ĸĪ⡣
Ϊ˱֮꣬˭Ҳˣһ棬һ¼ȥ辿˭׾Ȼû
ϡ棬ŵԵ˼Ҷ˸飬ʵ˭ͷ϶ȻŵؾܾԼҡ
˭ң
ֱܲܽ㳶һɣ
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ǵһӦǡ
ѵҪ췴
мǷ˰ɣ
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ţ
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ЩҪ˵õµҲһ㣬޵ơеļЦ档
Ǿǰ󣬻ǴΣ
ͤȻ뵽ǸҹһΣ᲻ѡӪڲ䵽֮
ޡƺҲظ秣вԢĻǶͰˮѹûɶĲɿԣ˺һûȻ
ȻȫţѧʿкüǼһݺᣬһʹļ׵ģҲһѣֻգ˵˵Ը⡣
ڳ
ͤֱȥ


199 
ͤ, Ĵ󳼶Ȱɡϣ˳ɣ
֣סһͤӲļ
ү, ˵
үĪҪΪǧ˰
ү
, ֲɱ˷Ż£޵, ôͲ˵ˣʱ, , ղǸӣ·ģҪ޷ֵظߣ
, ʲôûû, ֲŮ, Ҫʲô֣
ҪҪ
Ƿ, ֱ֪˵ʲôźˣ
ͤһŴǿధ, һŻʵ۵գĿضǽ£Ѫ, Ӳǲ
Ӫһ, ǽͷһֱûӦ, ̲סʵСү, զ죿
¶ʣ, úֵҲ, ǲǺˣ
˫̥صͷ, Сָ̧΢΢ſ֪ϵѧҲͱǿôһ㡣
ᵭһЦֲǺġʰգǬǸ档
ڽһôŶýʵȢȥ
ͷڽֲ£һڵϣ޲ͷأûʵ۸Ͻعȥ
߽󣬲ǣ׵Ļֿʼˡ
裬귽ʮһһĸ
念δ䣬޲Ⱥá
кԴپӴƷǰ;
ͷϣִӳ˫
¹׻ˣԲʮһͬĿ࣬òı
üһмᵽʵͷˣ
ˢˢˢ˫۾һͬƵ֮ϣ֪λôش
С׼ҲһĻˡ
ֲԵȥƤıҲѶã
ʵ۱´˿ΪȺסǵģЩĹѾ˾֮񣬲Լʹȣץֱۣһ§סмγǽŮǽϣͼֹʵ۱ͷԣȰ·ϣð壬ˡ
ˡƨȫԶ۾
Ӧ£³ţ͢Ȼ棬ϳܴӦ
Ǿȥδ˵꣬СӵסһĽϣ˵á
ֱҪˣЩĹԱǰסȫͷףһ͵ͷ
߯ôܴ٣Կȫˣͤǳô˻ԶԶġ
治ѲЩûϴˣǾȺϹͷ΢һʹɢˡ
ȻϺŹѵȺͷ
Ȼѽ
軹ûףһ͢س⻹ˣ
ôݻعֺܲģΪ֮ʱͻȻۼؿӪУ赥ƥص˹·
СҪɶ˶Ƶ
ͼִ̧ͱߣ桪ԸԸ޸ҡ
ǧɽɾ
˵ĺʱͣһ
ҵĹԹԣ֡ǳ¶ɶһ
СȻ죬治صţȫϳֱ׵һʣһʱöס˻ᣬһѽſڹǽϣ˻ޡ޼ޡޡ
ҪιȥĴڻع񣬲֪ĶʵǽͷҲҽ˷һ·޼޵Ļʵ۸ǽͷϽ˹ڡ
ˣʵ۱㹻ƳյĵһҲ˵Ķ
Ŀ֮£иɣ˶ʧ䣬ȫ¶֪˳ʵ۱£Ӧ¼мҹӡ
νԣϷԣǿûлͷ
ʵһߣʼ磬һ˫˫ηĿ£صӪЦף׼ӭȢɡ
*
ɹ
ҳһƬضʹĹصĳӣģƲгѼӡ
Լۣ̫߰˹СӵĲһڣץһѹӣùһ鴳黰ζؿǲǲྐྵĹǺ֮УȻԵá
ȻеۣǽõģµģеĸЩȺġ
˸Щϲ裬ϸЩģɤӸˡ
Сӹǡ
̫ҽţ˭¾ͳȥΡ
Сһ飬ǡ
أԪмҾԽӣٰϲ¡
СӣǡΪͬžһᡣ
ˣ񲿣ʵ¼޺ͷһƶǷȱɱίˣϽ³̳
Сӣ
شڳ˱̧ͷţ
Сһӵض温ʹ޵ĴˣϣǲӦ
³ƤĬΣȻ˵᲻没ڴ
СӺԥӦáġ
ǰļλԾҪҡҡ׹Ȼȴ벻ҪǲãȷΣ׼ǻؼϡ
εµĴԶʱĹֱˡ
΢΢һӣ˵ȵ۵.̳Ĵ󳼣ûһֱͨںͷɴñı˭Σƾȵ۵Ļӹûؼȥˡ
ȻµȷʷǰĻƣһʵҲӦãôҲðڸ̬Ҳ˶ѡ
ϡ
һ˫˫۾ʯĳ棬һӣ»ù˲֣ݵվһߵЩǰȻһ
ͶˣȽŲһѣûӣ˻ۣӹӸᣬˡ
Цλ䣬޶֪ǶΪޣΪ˴˳һƬȭȭ֮ģ޸жҲʿɶֹ
ϣ
ûλѧʿ˵ֹ̧
޲ޣȢȢ޶ǻʵۣ񣬾Уġ޵óԸɣɺã
ֺԺȰʾĸҲͨ뺣ٲ۾Ͳֻܹʵĺˡ
λεǻģǳҹĿȵۣ㱻ҡû˭õʱֻһЦһʱĬȻ
ЩλȻҲǷԼ
λ󳼵ϣǣҲް롭볼֮ţһǴƷС١
ǰίˣ
ȻΪӣϷɣҲǲĸ¡ĸ˵ߵһŤ
ȻٷԣȢлʺܱһ֮¼Ҫһ㣬ǲϲˡ˳µԺϺԲ¡
Ѿòˡ
ǺһЦͷ˵Ҳǡ
ϣڴû뵽ô˵һʱЩϲ
Ȼһ̣СּмһҳӢţйΪ
ڳüһֱӸ˸
޵ȷûкú͹Ҽ裬ûҲûޣһ֮
Ȼ֮󣬻÷Ǳ̫ۡӸ񶼿ˣһ͸裬һʵ¼ҲͲίίˡ
ԼǾĿһСӣһզһߴҴȥּ
ֲмҶûͣԭأ
ڳ㶵ԭء
ˣ䣬ȥɣȵ֮գȥϲơ


200 
µۼλϢʱ, 깫սҲ˲
˭֪ɳŹָӭؾյս
Ȼǿӱ޴ʥּ, 깫ԴС
Ȩ, Ϊ֮ʱ, ūѾ񣬼ʾ, ˳ڼǼ˴׼Ż
ȻǣӲŸյɳŹ, ˳ʵ̫֮ĽȴѾֳʤ, òױϵ񻪹صмƱعɳŹء
æŵǻȶ, ֮ʱмҽսū
ϳм棬۾Ѫ죬мҽñ˰, һѩǰܡ
ȻӪ뾩δ飬ϡƺ˫̥ҲڣȻδս깫о, Ͻף綨һмҾ, ڵū赲⣡
ȵսƽϢʱ, мҲŷӦ, Ȼ»ʵǻΪĹȻûкͷķˣ
㲻ò⡣
ޱ٣ɳŹصıȨǵ𣿵վڻߣΪ»صɳŹأ
δѩȻ֣ǶƱ֮£ҲУһ۴㣬˵ּʱ游ģΪ˵ūǡǵġ
깫ֻ̫оҲԲԼãһ̣͸жδ󽫾һְ
ʵ깫սպյĴ󽫣һλʵۣӦ棬Ȼж֮أ
мҽϣΪ߽ãҪƱ֮
ʱݵҲû
Թӵ¾³һǹͣǸࣻǹ߸񾡹ء
֮䣬ǣ˸飬ҪôУҪôһС
ݵĻΧĬǲòķȥ
깫ˣݣȥһ˾ǰɡ
üһš
깫ЦսūٷóһȥҲÿǵľơ

깫ͷϾµ壬ϵȥֻһĺˡ
ȥɣм֮٣ɲɣԡǽΪѣǾͽѧҲһͬϸռδͳ鲻̫
ݶ˶񣬡ǡ
ͷȴζ뵱龩֮ǰǰУͷȴǵù
ҿ˵۹ѵĲС૵
ȻѾ뾩ҹ׼ΪٶȣĹүİСõ١
ܴɵ˰꣬ڽλɳŹءɳŮûôŤ󣬼ȻүԵžǡ
Ȼû߳ɣΪѾõľڵˡ
ܵǣ˼ž͸ˣ
ȢʡϣǮһһضţֱǾˣݸԼ󣬡ûɣ
¿һ飬ûʲôҲ¶˾㵣ûСǵݸԼһ
ܴɶ鲻ֶ࣬ʶǰүҪ±ƣŵ治֪мҾȻ˲ԻλмҹӾȻʵ۹һˣ
Ҳˣ߯ôȢ
ܴҵҺһţȻģֱȲ򣬹λȲ򣬲ۺ񲻹Ľ򡭡ôأ
ܴ˵꣬ȫĬ
Ǯ˳ǣֻ㣬Ҳռ˸ŵĺô
ܴоٵڻʵǰȫǸ
˵ͷ
λү嵽¶ɺ͸ѧǰһ¸ôһ֮
ܴɪɪѹܴ
мҽҲˣһϣԼС๫Щ֪ģοģڣû۸㡣
δѩ˲֣һߵõĵĲ㡣
˭ܴʡ
ޱĽӿڵȻС˪Сˡ
ˣе
ŻǻصݵŶӴԲѵĻĳݸ
֮ǰĻʵ۱壬ٿţ͸ֽ涼ܿŵǹѳζԼʵ۷ϷĻӹǱʡ
ʷ飬ĳĴĻʵ۸ô
ӦòġǿЦ
Ȼгȴ˵ģ¶ɵ˵ǧӪѹ׼ǰʹף÷򵲶ס
г縴ӵؽ¶ɵŵݸݣȻԳ¶Ψ²ҵӣƪĦȭƣԾԾԣйŻٲߥޡ
깫һͣٴˣ֮ǰ²µ۹ӲŶ׼Ψ㡭û
Ȣʵ۵ϱԺôԴ˹ǲ
ݣǸϽȥҪͳ¶ɸ¡
游ùáˡӾŵһ¶ȥˡ
δѩǳɵĻǹȥպܺϲƣ游Ҫһȥɣ˵ܸ衣
Ϊ游깫
Ϊŵݣ
ⲻ
깫ܾ̾Ϸ޹ʲ뿪ɳŹء
÷ͲҲͦãǵûؾлȥ
ڶգǰŵݸ֪߽ӹһʱЦã
һȵѾ֪ˣ
֪Ҳȡһš
һġ
з˵޷
ǲˣȻ֮󣬰
ҪΪˣǰǣ֣治Լ˵ģλεдš
׻ڣȻϣΪǼ˵ģֻʣ֪
ʱ軹ûиӦ滹ץ±һŵˣԸ֪ţһΪ˱ԼľģҲҫ֪첻飬쵽ˡ
ľˣ治۹𣿡
֪Ҳ֪ۣһڣ˭ܲ⣬ֻˡ˵ʧЦԳϱúá
ôǶ˴󹬵⣬ҲãϿΪѹ
ûپֻǵĸӹҲΪֻǺߵһʱɽ֮٣ֻ˵ڮ٣ͲмȫתԼ
һжݡ
зˣ׼һ°ɣҲµĲʥּܿͻᵽˡ֪΢΢һЦΪҪμӵġ
Ȼһ£СߴʥּŽɳŹأ͵ģ飬깫μӡ
£ʮδ뿪깫ּؾ
*
ڻʵ۵£鲻ò踺صؿⳡƶ޶Ʒơ
ⲻ붩ܶģһ㶼ҪѭƣԭеĻԼ޸ģԷ񷨡
ϧʷһźƷʵڿ֮Ⱥӣǰйż˶Ҳݡ
ᵽɴջʺ֮Ȼһȥͱʵ۸򷢻ˡ
¼ޣȢʺ֮ί˱ȥض
飺ǡ
ˣ࣬տɲⶨˣ
еϣ³ˣʮǼõӡ
ꣿҪ£ʱ𾪵Ҳ̫ˣ
Ҳ̫ˣһͬĻлʵ۱£У֮ڱ飡꣬ʮˣʮûԵ̣
ȺĿˢˢһµؿ顣
ץűۣǵͨ죬ͨһ£ϣѾˣ봺ֻʣ£һ˼ҲûдҴææڽ¸ˣοǱ´飿ȻӱϧȺԣϧЦҲ¼ޣڻ֮Ͼ˲ִ٣
Ҳǻȥˣſھʡ
һõ˵ֻϣ飬䣬һЩ
ϡû˵꣬ǴȺɵðһô죿
нõѾɫˡ
鲻ΪߵеĹµƶҹҹݣҲ޷֮ɣοʵۻģҲУҲУ鶥źȦɴֱȡͷϵɴñڵϣǿŻڲȫЦ󷽣չ٣Ϊ˵ϡ
֮ڶʱѻȸ˱λȥ˸ˡ
涼ûϵֵµĴ󳼾Ȼ̵Ӳɡ
СӲòСϣ˼Ĳִ١Ǽ޸Ҳǰһ׼޻ʵۡѵױ򷢵ģ
ʱ˵ϣõϢΧڹСǲʹǰ˳»ʣʱȻҪ²μӻ뱱飬˳֮ڱ£ɲִٶͣĺЦ
Ԫųϣƶ£Ʒ֮󷽿ɲٰ죬˵¾ǰ궼ǲʵģϿʱա
ϣ˼Ⱥûһվߣһ׵ģ
治òˣʣöã
鹣Ųӵһ꣡
һꣿʧɫ
һ꣡Ⱥ粽á
*
ֳ͢ƣûв룬Ҳڡ
ȻѾĵѧһͳһƬãҲòġ
طϣǵöǲղȥһΥ
˵ͷá
·˾ĹԱЩЩȱطȶɽȹ̡
潫һţ衭
ţƵסЦʣô²ߣ
ϵ£û˵
˵ڵ׼һ£
ίţɸȲˡ
۾֪Ϊʲô
濴ŻˣԽˣͷĶͷǼ⣬붴򡣡
Ҳ֪˵ִĶģӦȥ֮У˵á


201 
ԴӾ֮, ΪˣЩӲġ
ۿһʦתΪʥ޵УڱߵıԵջһȥ, ɽԺ
Ȼȱ, ôһЩȥǡ
, ôٰ죬Ҫż˵㣬ǰɣ
뾩ԶǱ֮࣬ɽʿյź, þδ˵
ɽʿʮƽͶ, ޷, Ȼ깫һ, ջǱѧʤѧĸŵˡ
֮ɽʿһ̾, ʢ, ȴҲ뾭ѵǺã
ɻؿ
, Ժʢ, һΣɽʿ˵˵, ̲סЦ, ܼ˵ʢ, ޺, ȥ׼, Ժ, ǰǡ
Ӿȼˣȥǣ
ɽʿŵݸ˻ӣ޶ȵǣȤҲڹżˡ
һ˲侪⡭
ұˣһѧֻΪڵ֮ң˾٣辶üʷһϯհ
ɽʿͼߣµǧȻڵ֮У֮֮ٱãնɱ̰٣ض·Ϊһ֮嵽˶壬Ϊ֮ʣ˵䲻볯ãȴʿ֮
Ծʮ״ǰһٶȻ.
¼ڱһ־磬˵ڳãʿ֮ҲԣݵϭĲ֪д˶ƪ޲þŹϵĻʵ۶䣬ඥ˲ѡ
ֻǵأбѪ֮ͷԸûáһˣȻסǱۡſرһ֣һֻ񶼷ɲ
Ψһߵм˾ֻиѧɴೣפ·˾Լ棬ϡƾǹ߳ȥ·˾æڰգΪƣӸҹŻѪλô´ͱ֮ǹӦ
ϡýվǶһ򵱹ĪƣŶȥ
·˾ȻǸţҲӵĹ𣬽ĹԱСһæýŲմز˵еϻӣһǸմ»ģﻹһӴǷǵ͵ļ˾һ֡
·˾Сٽȥ½ʿѧģȻ͹ĥ˲ɣͷȻ뵱ҲɱľţţһŻϽǵѧԣ
ЩڿʲôһϾԼҲôġڼлӳⷽ٣ʿ˫ĲŻʥ֮Ϊǹ籦䣬жʵۺʹ󳼵һһУвϣȻǹϵҹĶˣ
ʵȫǿջ׻ͱ˵ǹɵں֮ڡ
ʵۼ޲ޣȢȢϰչϵ治󣬳һ̸⣬Ⱥ治ġ·˾͵طϷֵ⣬޶ĸ߲֮ŹغǡֻҪЩõķչû䣬ݣǲͳˣôʲô
ԣЩ·˾ĹԱæȥżվǰȥҵһˣ֡
ϡƶŵкȻôһ̧ͷһЩϵˣ
Т԰˰֣ʲôˣͬҽ˽ʿԺֵĲܣһ촺ǱȻܹС
λôˣˮϵЬӻţҲûٷϻһӼʵ̫ʵ޻ˣʳũûɶ
ТԵɽ壬ִ壬ʯ¡
ˡ
粻Уⲻƽ˰Ͼ͵ð䲼ˣߴ˾ȥء
Ȼ򣬡ԭˣɼ
౻˽²أ֮ԺָףǷǵ͸ң¿Ļˣ͸Т˵֪֣ʲô
֣ѵ֪¼ޱⲻǻ𣿡
֪Ϊʲô·˾
ֻϳֵ·˾ΪʲôǸߴƽ׽ˣ۸£Ϻͱ涼
أ㿴Ƿģߴ⼸Ϊ˷ƽ˰ʳ˭пչעϺͱ¡
˵ǸߴȰ𣿸ߴҲֻ׸ѽ
û˵꣬ϡƻͷҿҲеģ˵ʲôϻ
һ·˾Աʱһ뵽ԼͷЩ£û˼ˣ˵Ҵߡ
ˣСǼϤ˾Щʾȥһ£ҪǿĻⷨ͵ð䲼ˣͷܳһͬţźôһӣΣһ㡣
ТĿɿڴҵģ
ֲû취㡭סǰɾСͬҲò˼ΡΡľӽҲƵˡ
˶·˾к棬벻ƵţҪиҵİմ򽻵ʡĹԱҲϤ
˵Ǹѧǻʵ۵ţһλá
ТԽϵ໹ûɣȻҪ۵ĳ嶯
ʱһЦҪǾæ˰æǡ
裬ôˡϡƾȵؿı£߽裬һվ˵·˾Χˣ
һڽĿ׼
ǡ
ȻԸҵá֮ǰҪ˵ȴֹĻˣҲҵ˽£ǿ·˾æµæġ
ߵТߣʾЦЦҼǵպ
ТԾȵүȻǵң
ȥ걻ߴ˵·˾ĽʿµĲ࣬һ˵ܳԿͣǸ֮š
Тоӣ񣬵ȴѣүˣ¹ٱͳԺţũϤһЩ
ûϵȴйܳ¸֮ģ񣬺ѵá֪һУǸߴⶨ·ΪѰĸݣù·ǵһݹ͡
¹ٸģү佱
䣬֪⣬裬뿪·˾κְ֮ɵΣǰ;
ᵭĻԭӻλ뷨˲ɢˣүģ¹һģŬ
пģǴ˳һЩ̤ʵصĹԱͺˡ˵ţΧ·˾ſڵǣڵˣϴ飬׼꿪ơ
˲ЩĶ˴֮
ÿһ죬ÿξ¼ȡôˣ࿪һƣʹһΣÿʶ¶ϲЦݡ
ǿƿݻһЩʵ·ӣλɵöע
ƮƮһ仰һӽЩעתơžͿ轫ТԼ쵽ӵľһֱӷЩϣں߾ȵĿ£΢΢һЦλȻ˹Ĺ£鹦ܵ·˾㷢ǲ˷ֵһЩӴ񣬿ɺã
ʾλСʣ⡭𣿡
赧˵䣬϶ûôνļҹ£ֻ£λԸ⣿
ѵõĻᣬһʾڣͷѧԸ⣡
ʵۼ޲ޣԼĿƾٺǰȣҪ
һҲҪ
ϡƱΪñѪͷû뵽ЩȫΧźТȥˣһʱ仹Щ¡
ʣûؼˣ
ϡưһۣ۵£ȥˡģ·˾æҲġ
ʱѧ˳ԭǲӦԵģȻˣһЩϬˡ
迴Ÿѧ۵ƣ룬˵ˡ
Ӧõģ㣬ôͳˣ
ѵһܶţЦͷƳһ۽ТΧסĵ·˾ֲ㣬ʵϰ
ʵϰѧһȻʣ˵Щӣ
赭˵ţҵҲó˶飬ѿоͶҸϵǵ¡о٣ʵǲģ罫Ŀڻ֮ϣΪ٣Ҳֱ֡ӱʿһʽƵĹԱ
ѧͷ⵹Ǹ⡣
˵ȥϡƵȥĶ
ɽʿ쵽ˣȥӭӡ
ѧһɽʿ˼ô˵꣬ЩǵǲҲֹ¼ޣ
ѧݴ˺ü꣬ɽԺʿָܴİλ𾴣뵽Ȱ裬ʹˣ򲻿ӡ
ЦЦЩ޹˵ôܣʦȻİɡ
ѧһµĲǳУʿ֣Ŀ׷ɽʿϡ
λǰŷȴȰ˵֮£תΪֵ֧ĵ˭ΪǴʦ֮ѹ裬뾭ѵ·ϵĴ顣
£ʿ֣ǹٳѫҶ̲סһʦͽ֮ĶţΪ
һ˵£һɣѶֱ˱˼ҴҸţ豻ͷһ٣һܻ֡
ԶԶؿϰٵӴӵɽʿǰڹ裬һ裡
ͷһǳɽʿԼһԷ̵ĻӾͿһƵӰ۶һӾ͵ǰСһ˻𣬡ϼݵ
˲䣬³¹ɽʿ̫жٻ߳㵽ǰɽʿض񣬿ƽ̵꣬ʦ޸мء
Ϣȣɽʿһ۾ͿλĻʵǰһ赲䱣̫֮ԡ
ɽʿû棬ȴ̫ˣ˵ʵ۵ĵ˻ʵۣʿǫѷƽ׸һϵûС
ĻʵһɽʿΪ赣ģܾûԿԭ̽һǷʶľٶԼһ٣㹰˹Цӭ̿֡
ɽʿͬʿԸдֻǲ֪էȻΪ£治ɽʿúõݲܵТѹ
˼ɽʿЩȣɵ˵ϣܱ
㶣ͷʣ裬ģ
ǰЦصͷ
ѹΪɶѹ濴λ˱䶼ѶԸ
˵㲻񲿰ЧʲϰɽԺǲܼӿ첻ٶȣ򴽣۵״һ˿⣬ҲϱȢؼѽ


202 
, һ־ͽⶼˡǰͽһӦƶݽ񸮾ٰ졣
Ԫ˲, ЦԪ
Ԫͳ񸮣Ҳ, ܲǧһۣҲ֪㣬ضΪ˷֮һ
üܸһἰҸˡںˣҶ, 
Ԫһҭ, ȻȻʧЦ, ˻ΪԵʱ䡣
㹻𣿡
Ԫףˡ
΢΢ɻ, Ķ, , ֪
ڻ, ֲ֮ʱҾ֪ٻƵ¶ᷢԪϷʵؿ, ʱұ׼, ϵĹǲ, ΨġһƷӲ, 㰴׼ӣȵ񲿶£ͼƣͻࡣ
ȻϲԪֹȻıԶǣ
ԪһЦ˲ޡ
ô죿һʵҪҪطǵ¼ޣʥּ׼ˣѵڴλ뾭ѵڵƨĻʵЭ
ȵĥԪСӴϥ̸֮󣬹ϵѡ
*
ʱ깫̤ѩǰ˾ǣһְǲμĿĴ顣
游ĸסλʵʵؿһͷ
һۣ㳤ˣ
赭ЦĿ߽ðĴָϣЦݣ֣صǰмѰҳ·ѡգ·Ѿ߳ˣ裬Ҳʹ
Ļ˲䰲߽ԭʵЦϱ·һ˺ۿȻ֮С
衭
깫ϵ𣬡úӣ
游
깫ǰ忡꣬һһŶ˷Ĵҹӷ緶ǳмҡ
һţ깫׼ӻĺһӵģδǺǻ۴мһׯ֮·
мá깫Ե˵
˲չգüرסλһĴ󽫾游ܻмңӻҲá
깫ۿʪˡ
ҲǵģõӣʲôƵ
ţ˵̫үүԸҲˡϵӣαװúֿЦȥ۽ǵᡣ
裬ԶǽܣԺ۸ˣѵС
˵ʲôǿǻϣ·ϣһȡС˪һۡ
δѩ˵ʵôˣмҵϱ𣿡
Ǯһ飬ˣ⻰ۼ˵˵ǧͷ¡
δѩÿɵӵĿ⿴㵱ɵ
ôмңΪҲúúػñܸˣг
߽صͷ
һߣмҶĻ֪˿ڹС
ŴɹƮѩ֪ƣѪ̨ϣһϣɱġ
Լ֣
ࣿʹ죬һ̣Ҹеһɣһж˶ˡԼľƣͷ׷Ĵѩ֮ϱӵĶԹѾûаϵҸΪԼΪ˵ҺĽָǲһ
ŵһЦ
δù֪Ĭһھƣı飬ɬͻȻƤطǵü޸裬ôڻûԵ𣿡
ЦݶʱԭأһԷ̵СӸϽͷᣬԼǿ
ûʵۣʮͻǸƻСӣ˵ȥЦ
ط¾ƱͻȻһ裬õģ㣬Ҳ˰ɡ
˺¹˭
ʲôȼţ׷ĪĴѣ
̧֪ͷ̧°ֶͣĿһһĽ
֪Уر˱۾ȻؿڿĿڵҲãˣǣңÿÿǰں޲ãÿ£ǡûʱˡ
⻰Ƥ͵һһͻֻ֪˿˵һδȢûкˣҵ״ӣҲԸ֮ɣ˵֪ЦЦǸТ˳ĺӡ㣡
Ϊӣɥ꣡
ʲô飬ʲô
˲ɴ۾һ±֮УŵĿ⿴֪˼ôδԭҲô޳ܣ
īߺڡ֪ȵø˺ѷˣȿȡȿȡ
ģŵ㰡ŵæվ֪͸һĶҫ֮⣬У壬Ķ
Ų㰭ۡԣ
棺Ӯˡ
*
ĳϦ磬µۣһƻ֮ٱˡ
ߣݺݺɣɸɾֻһλ忡ŵݣŰ׵ƵۣŵЦ⣬ɫ̹ȻԵ׺͸ѫ
ڵ¼£˶ԣЩʥּҴֵܣȴһ¡
ãϵλɻøǣǵԣһŶ֣ͦɫ˵żֺá
ȺҶ⿪ٵصĻʼҷǴ깫λŮŮһ߽ͬȴ˲Ŀ
ŮʸĽƷĹǴеһƷھ綨ҲΪ׵ݲһϯ֮أмһ˰˸˽
֮˱ӣΪȹϵȻ貢ǻʺ󣬿ڳҲ࣬ʺңǲøƣýÿŶз͡
˱ӣ˲мĽ˼ʣﶼҪһ䡪ƾʲô
ֱƹѲ룬̧һգ֮ȥ
Ӧ٣ִƴ˳֮ʿѾˡΨмңһֱر߽ūڳ֮⣬սպգмսӪΣѣ˵ȹ֮ͣǰһֱ֪η͡Ŀ깫ϣ΢΢һЦ깫䱦δϣɾ֪δս
깫ػϣϳжʮ겻ѪɱС
Ȼˣ깫޾Ͳˣ뱱飬پһơ
һƾϱ֮ˣ깫Ƥһ̹֪λش
ҲܣһЦ֮󣬶Сһ֡
Сʥּǰһг磬¶ɣϡƣδѩޱ꣬С˪Сǰ⡣
߽òŮӹȹʢױһ¾װԲʧŮˬص׺ȴˬκ֮С
ǻһĿй¶ϲϳ¶ɣ粽ڵУͳһϥأԾ
ͣ˳ŮӣξзƱжȣ˫ȫηνüطгΪ󽫾м֮־깫֮λ¶ΪｫϡΪδѩΪ佫ޱΪΪ佫С˪ΪСΪ佫ɳŹأūմˣ
ʥּһ£Ȼ
˳ʷϴδйŮڽһԷ߸гֱϮ游깫λ
˵깫¹ӢһΨϧ
ķĳɸǰݣԲѵغ룬ǳ׼мˣһŰλִȨ˭С
ο軹ӭȢʵ۱£νҫ¹
ֻʣݣվϵľƣͷһ˵ڣϯ棬һֱݵǰ
ݲţֻˣһ·ߵڣĿݣ޽վһ
΢΢һЦ
ƣ٣ݿɲŮòţһˣ﷢롣˵һ
ˬ죡
ͷСһּͣϷݣͻжȣΪţ𢣬طһƷˣ
ĸƾӹ󣬶ӼȻΪһƷھȻ
мڽտνٹɣһһһ˼ϰ˽˵ŵڣ˲Ϊ֮
Χǵ޲ĽԱĳ谮ĿãмֿԼãڽȥļʮ곤ʢ˥
мҵżҪ̤ˡ
˼ת֮Ѿ취мҴϹϵ˵м߽ãС˫̥ѾףǡмƺûһޣͷȢģá
ǰĳϦ綼;ۣ˳˳عʱꡣ
֮ʱʵ۱ЯֱٱЦλ뱱ɣ
ʵһ仰˲˵Ĺǣƣʥ϶׸ˣ˭׸ģ


203 
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ӪǺڼ׺ŷɥĴڣ, гҪ, ȫϺ, Ϻ, ͬ¶ɶһ, ⲻڡ
Ҫѽ¶ɳ˳, ɱл, ᡣ
гͺúѧ, ūɱ, СС࣬ССĹģ, ѧ, ϵмҵ棡
¶ɣ治
¶Ĩһ, ڴ󽫾ͱ֮£ǧƦְѧȥˡ
ڽܹĵ׼, £ڶ
˳ĻڻƻС
, ŵƽʣϲĺͺһ·ӹƮ
Ԫָ, æĽŲմء
Ȼ¼ޣҲûĴ¼ѣһϲ, , ضڴɹ, űǰӭס
ӡ
СӽɶҪɣΧźһ죬æȥϣ
ҪõĶ׼𣿡΢΢͸¶ڴ
СһЦ˵Ϸģ̫ҽԺıˣãǰº󣬶һӦȫ
ͷһ̫ãͰھ߶ˣһȻģ۾֪ô죬ŵϣԻиõ飬ЩȲ
ڣϲһؽһصغ
ѹš
š
ʥϡ
ɹУ׻ӵܲһǣĿ뿴ͷ
˵ĺһͺ죬ϧǻʵۣĵģһӵܡ
ͼŵƻϼ֮УͬϲʶĿһһ߽ĺãһ̾ͺƮȻƲ۾
Ȼ֣ϣˡ
ôӵܵΪһɹ٣޼޵زͱָ֣һס裬־ͽԼǰĿϸϸһһϻΪȻǵ˵ľٶ
裬ÿ
һЦҲÿ
ֱӻͷʱ𣿡
Сһ㶣ͷˣʱպá
Ǿߡǣ֣󲽳ͷ׼õ
һһͬȥ
ǧӪǷ׳ĺӣɷĺڼףϲƷһţһģڹźĺϣǰһټϽǰ󿪵νƺƴ
ΧڽֵԣԶƸʡ
˺˳׾Ƿŵһ˼ﶼǲģοǻʵۼ޽ֱδš
Ȼ˵ĻʵԼɴԼı֪ģȻһһļУرСϱҵ񣬾ǣҪһ仨
ˣûʲôͷһ˵治˵۹⣬ܵĺģκǳ̹ظջֻ֣Ǳ˷ļиŪЩͷԣզģ
һ飬˰ɣϱȻ׷ЩƻŮͬѧöˣҲ˽ôһ㡣
뵽ȻسżԴ䲻䣿
䡪
̫ˡ
һҪҸ
֮ǹ˼Ӫ޹֮һ߹һһ㣬ʵڰ˼⡣
ͼޡ׿̲סֹû뵽˻֮٣ȴ˳ޡ
ȵۣϵȷƵ˵Ա֣֮ðհҲ˵ùȥ
ˡ
˸ǴΪ˿бĻܵ°ףĸˣһӣһͣ
мұ׼õϲǮһ·ŻʹϵģѾð໶ƴֿɼһߡȻһ£񸮸Ƕ˽ıף죬ı߾ͶĶ࣬󣬰Ǽ˻ߣϲϲ֮졣
꣬ǧǧǧǧꡪ
֮쳹ʳǴ֣һֱͣ
һء
ݸá
ڸ֮ϵ깫ݣսսĸоǿסһ
򡭡԰ݡ
ٲҧ֣ܻʵôվҰϡ
ɡ
ʱʮ꣬ڴ˿ճɾִźһˣ裬һЦڲС
裬ָ̡
߸磬ͬģָ̡ԡ
ˮϯǷиһְٰĶܲһϯ硣
պȺóԺֺã޾Ͳˣλڣ
ûʵƵ˲ڣô˵û˾ʲôԾֻбִֵ裬͸ȶȣ֪жȲ
ԭ޵˿ѾȻһ£򣬺ϲ̶֣ͬǼϲ죬챻ʣһ۵ĺɫ
Ʊȴֵȥɡ
ǡ
֮£еˣѧһӦҲųȥ
С֮ǰϣڴͷİˡ
šӦ£ƽȵһҲɫģ
ףôͳȥˣ񶼻ûء˫̥ſڴǰƵؿų¶ɺ͸ѧ߳СӴһӦ̻ع˷ţ볤һվ⡣
¶ŮԴһ£һۣЦɵѾͷ⽻ƾ͸û˵ʱȣζǰɣ˿ôһ£
ѧɫ΢΢Щ죬һǻȥǰͷдͰɣŹڣӦȫġ
С¶Цݣס
ԣȴһˣСҼҵģһЩȥ
жʱڴϣֱȻ׼浽˴˿̣ɽŲѡ
衣
š
ҵһ̫ˣƵġס֣ŨĿ֮ˣпܹӵˣ治ס
ȷףˮɵ£ǵȾʽУأȴҲϲ
Ŀ̲סƳĴ̣ˣǲϡֻһ룬࣬ڸ̲סҧҧ
ڿ𣿡
߶̧ͷıӣʶؽӹһڣžȵơ
ղȾƣʲô滵ЦؾԼƱ֣Ҫģ롣
۾ڶ˵ģѾ糺ոͬһ㣬۹ˮʣ֮ɫէȻ𣬡߸硭
ƼһŨ޵ĴɫһһòĲƵݺݹ˹ڽѾҡҡ׹̲ס
͵ؽоƺһһӣֱ§ס֮ǹȥҺ˴˿УնʱƣҲչ֡
赹ڴϣڲ֪ʱ붪ڴ£˿ɢڴı棬ӣĲϵ̡֣Լ˵ʲôѧ𣿡
ʲô
ܲܣҪҽɣ΢΢Ʋûҿ˫.۾
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