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㷼:ǸʲôţرҺð
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ԣȥӲȷһˡ
˿:úø죬
˲ˣټ
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רĸ㶯
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1.  ʯ      ݹġ

ݹ̨۲⣬ҹʨ꽫22ҳ֣ҹϷʡݽԿɹ۲죬صԱѾˡ

ڹļ϶Ӳϳֽ˲麹פڵǰۿš֮ǰһֱͬѧڶ߶Ҫȥ꣬ûôȤ

ֵΪڴʱͶŪһĽɫճϡ

˵أԼ·׼ţֻ˵곤

ȵȣҲжʱûϴˣζˣպż٣ûȥϴϴɡнˮ

곤ϴװõûˮһ

Ŵһŵ·ʮϣ¶һ˿Σڸ˺µİͷһæ͵곤л˳ȥ

ٹһһҴʱѾʼˡûʲôˣҲ˾բš

ϴ׵ϣһˮʼһ߳һ룬Ҳ͵ֱ˵ôҾʣ˳ԡ

ϲʣϺǹζʮܣΪ˲ӣҲͼģĳڡҺõ곤ˮӡ

ò̳һϣڴڵľ׽šȻѾûʲôˣ·ȴв·ˡа̯ģģвٷܶڽһߵĹ㳡衣

źӱ߳Աߵ˺ܶ˵ע⣬̫˧̫ˡ

175ĸӣ320أֱһƶɽ⡰ɽ˵Ĵá

Χ˻ĵĴѾˣţҵ֣ҲȻȻˡȻ·Ҳˡڻܿ塣

˵СʱҲһƯСֻϧʱһҽԺüƣľһ͡Щ궼û

˼Ļĸʮһʱȥҵ񣬳˳·ҲûˣضƫƧõ⳥ٵĿҪĹغɥѣһС̣С̸˽¡ҲӵС̼ס

С̼ҲԣҪչʳӺѧѡԼҲһԺµ̥ӹҲǽͰ͡

Ϊ˲С̼Ҳ߶һٹôӦһԼѡ

ٵʮֵȣߴĶǾ¥յߵЩˣһڴ˿ڸ˴ˣϻ˵أ˵ĽŲЩء

ʱϺڹ¡˵ģҲûɶ˺ͳ˻̳ߡɿĳʣµһˮ̣һã̧ͷա

ոһ鳤µĻҲ˲øɾһǺԵøʡǳѵһ

ͻȻһ˿ߣͳϾɵֻ˿ʱ䣬Ȼ쵽ʱˡɼǺӡ컹һĹۿӡ

ڣ˵̨˵ʱ̣пʼԽԽĹߣѤĿųβ֮꣬ȿֺ֮߮С

ͻȻһǺ

!ԽԽˡ

⼷з۾ҲɴԼ!

ɻû˶㿪üľͷ·һشǰһڣ˹ȥ

ɸոշһĻûʲôע⵽

ڰʱͻȻоԼԺһֵǵһʵ

ֺܻϵͳԴĿĵأ21ͳ򣬳ɨ:

Ա:У:175cm:17꣬:160ǧˣ״:

ѯʼ壬ǷԸ󶨸ϵͳ?

ʶе£ǡôˣʲô

ٴѯʼ壬ǷԸ󶨸ϵͳ?ֵ 

ѣ岻Ӧ󶨣Ϊ˷ֹϵͳڱй¶ѯʺϵͳԼ˵𡣡

˶ɵ?ѡֻܳʲӵϵͳԼ˵֮ǰæӦ

!ΣΣ½ϵͳɣתΪʼȫռݺͻϢ

Ϣռϣתģʽ

װãֺܻϵͳ

ͻȻ䣬տʼǸĻе˼иС̽ʵ:

ʣʲô

ǸͬϤø˵:

δ

δ?

ǵģһǧԺ

ȻԸΪȽδΪʲôҪص?ʡ

ϵͳǳԻ̾һŽ͵:

ΪһǧԺ˾޴ĺƽ٣һǧԺ˵򣬳Ϊϵһǿļʱ

Ϊļϵţռ첢ԱߵϵԴɴϵԱߵ棬ʼϵֿǱĽڽڰˡ

:ǲۿҪӮ𣿡

ǵģʤǰֻҪиԴļϧ

ϧ̫࣬Ƽʷϼ¼2122ͽʵʱ򣬿ѧµĹ涨ʼ޼Ļ򣬰ΪõĻ£õĻɾδ˶Ϊֵ̼ߣܳǿࡣ

:⡭ѵͦõ𣿡

ϵͳ̾Ϣ: ûСͬһĻʹʧȥȻĿܣһϵص㣬һ޿ײĳſˮâͻķȾδࡣ

ʧȥԵ࿪ʼ˶̶ʮ꣬㶪ʧϵĴƬϵ࿪ʼصĸǵѰ̼Ļ

:Ȼǻص󣬷ֶﶼĲ?

ǵģʵѧҽʧ˵ĶҲͲٳˡΪ˸ıȵ״ҵĵߣҴ˳ðʹԶļļͨڶռ۵˻

Ҫʲôأ

ȻЩѾĶֲռǵĻ򡣡

:Ӧô?

ϵͳ:Ҫҵ壬ͬҲ㣬ÿһֻҽӦĻ졣

!ǿƻС˵еġ

¶дۣ˻죬ǿ۾ǣ㽫ʧȥ

ãûʲôӦСûжѣͬԶð:

ΪıˣԲܽ𣿡

ǵģҵһĶڵĿƼˮƽǲˡ

ãҴӦ㡣

ֺû뵽ôӦΪϵͳʷ֪ʶݿʮһͳ˻൱صģǻˣŴͳڽӴ˼룬û뵽Լһߡ

ãڿʼɣ׼ʱԾ

ֻ䣬ʶһתһͷ֣ԼһƬдĴ֮С

ܵԼı仯ͷ˿Լצӣüһˡ




2.  ȸϷ   ʪȵɭ

ʪȵɭһֻ޾ɵſڿҶϡ

ɫβקţͷһ״߸𣬾۰Ľɫ쳣

û뵽һȻһֻȸεĹһı֡̿ȸ

֪ʲôʱֺռֽ׶Ķѧ֪ʶһּⷽȤҲ١

Ϊ࣬ĿƵԱ̿ȸʷϹ㷺ֲڻϲϰ뵺ķչϢƻԼ仯̿ȸҪֲϰ뵺ĹֻʣƵʡʣ²ֻǼΣ֡

ȸϷɣһǻʮ

֮£ʫ裬Ȼǿȸֵ̿ȸĽȷͲôˡ

ƽյϣԼ԰ҳĶӡȻ˹ȸΪȸķֳǿ󷴵Ǳ̿ȸΪ˱ԵĴڡ̿ȸӽ̿ȸȾء

ȸͬ̿ȸԳûгβͣۿȸһƯϸȳ͸̿ȸơ

˱ƣƵСԣˮϵӣһθܵʫдĶǶô

̿ȸӵɫ׶ϸĶԵÿȸӾԼѤëʱݣڿһɫʷͻÿһԷֱϸ΢ҲɼһˣɫʷֱʴܳΪһɫʴʦ

ŮҲӵɫӾֺһ죬Ҳ漴ȸͷ

عˮеĵӰΪֻ̿ȸһֻողųۿȸ

̿ȸȺԶҷ޹ϵʨȺƣһơ

һֻۿȸƿȸһСȺ壬ϲסֲݵأͺӹȻΪǻɵģһ㲻ϲïܵɭ֣ԭֻǸոճۿȸϵСӵΡ

ﻷӣʳҲѷ˰ںӱץСһֻзڳӣܣСߣΪãҲ²졣

Ϊ˶Ӷʱֺŵٴ:

ֹܳ˺ˮվĽ̿ȸϢء

Ϣغˮվʲôϵ⡣

ھʹڷ˺ӵΣεķˮվɣôһСӹȵشҲûΪ˱ľڵ̿ȸֹ֣ˮվĽ

е: 㡭㿪ЦɣھһֻŵҰҺεºֹһˮվĽ?

Ϊʲôܣֺŷʡ

Ц:ǹлеôֹȥ𣿡

ƺʶԼҪЩֺ֣Ųȷ˵:

⡭ΪҵռйأռԽ࣬õϵҲԽ࣬õϵǺܶ࣬ҪҡĻ?

𣿡

ǵģھͿԿʼ

ðɣйܱûкáɡ

һհʹĸУٴоΧĶСһȦһᣬ´ԼŷԼһȦ

ԭ̿ȸ峤βͣҲһװ˵֮䣬3.85ǧˣ֪ڵжѯϵͳ

ֺŻش:ڰβڣ峤Դס50ǧˡ

һ!ʲôҪ֪ƵʡӵеҰгõ׵ġҲ˵Ƶʡ޺ܣ֫ҰţǮЩǿߣûʲôɱԼˣȻࡣ

ԼҪǱ֣ʷˡɲܱ˷ָץ

ĻԺ󣬹ûмɱԼˡ

֮ǿңͷ˿׳Լذ׵צͻȻһԾ𣬶ԱߵĴһצĵץ۳ϡ

üһŪϣƲҲšɵø̾뵽ѾδĻ죬߼Ļ춼 

ĸֺ̾ž˵:

Ҫɱ˵뷨ϵͳּΪҲΪδģȲѣ

úúãֲɱ˿ħඣĿˮվ!

һ·Сܣ֣ܵٶҲˣԷֱ֣Ǹ

һξͣˮϢĿͻȻƲĺӰϣһСֵֻĶںˮ

ֻ󣬶ȴèֻСӣ泤űƣβܣڰ䡣

֮ͨǰϵͳӵĶ֪ʶܿϳˣʳĿèĿµèƳԱ֮һĴè

ﰡһʱʱϵͳͻȻ:

ΣֱΣèѸٲ׽ɱϵͳȡ

á

Ϊ֮ǰһֱſڵϢӾϲвԴèĸûа£ο֮еĺ߰ףˣһʱܡ

һ˶ëһԾ޴ĳ£ӾͷɹСӡ

èĸӻӦĸèͱ޴צӸסˡķצӣһϡͻƲϵ۰Ƥķ

Сèܣһȸǻסˡڵβİ뾶ңè̿ĿֲֻںӰɪɪ

״βߴϵͳϽռϢʱ䳤ˣ˵ĸè

࡭ʳĿèơСܿ죬ֺžռֻèĻϢ

ȻѾɣķſצӡʱͻ!ĸè룬һЩҺ塣ȫ˿ȸëϡ

һŨҵĶӿɶ!ոˣèֽгèèһŨҵζУζϡͺ󣬻Ϊζ

ڳѬзӦĸèѴֻ֮ززʧС

ȻĽѵǷʤֻںϴóĽۡ

һϴһ߸̾һ̶иˮԣڱζձ鲻ãû̫ܡҲʱ䡣ҲѾˡ

ڵϹأǿĲʳߣϾèͷӥ֮࣬ҹҲǺܺáȻ¹⣬ðոҹ·

Ȩ֮£Ϣҵһ֮

Ӱһþ޴ľߣϵв֮һˮϴˡγһȻĿʽѨ֮ǿˮڣѨǸɸˬˬġ

̽ͷ๵µĿ֦ʣµĿҶȶԼչ׶Ĵͬһ޴İŽȣѶѨӰ˵Ķ˳

ȻһЩӲݺѨһ¼򵥵ڣȥʼϢ

߳ʲôģ£ҲǸԼӲͣҪ˵СƲķҪ֪ëԼ۰ߵƤɲġ

æһ죬˯ȥʱ֪ǣ׵ΣƹƵس




3.  ϷŪ      磬ҪǱ𡭡

磬ҪǱ˷Ǹ£᲻ᱻץ

Уһģʮ˾꣬Ͳѥű¨㷲˵

վһӣͷ԰ϱһӣָһͣұ˿ߣһȻġͷ϶˵ơ

۵Сĵܵܣ˵:

˵ĪȻʯܶˡУȻ㣬ȥȸѵʱȥͿȸס̫ץֻСȸҲ

Υİ˵

û˵ܵһ:

ΪЩѧѶҳģҽҩҲҪҳ׬Ǯô죿ô?˵ıëĸץ?

ǲ֪ҰʯľƵ꼸ֵǮҪ˵ǸԸ⻨ǮŪֻȸǿɶǰ׻ҰǮѧѣѶˡ

ɡɱϾΥ

!һ˵:㲻˵Ҳ˵ĸ֪Υ!εˮվãԺǺˣʲôá

ƺԥŻ˵˾:ʵҪߣھԼһ˻ȥɣҿɲܱ֤ʱڵʲôֵҰްߡ

һţҲһ˷أֻಽĸš

˯еƹˣ

ô

͸ڵĲݶһƣ˲˹Ȼˡ

ƣڵ㣿Ȼܵԭʼɭ㣬ǲ

ܿ죬˾ߵĺӶΣĵط߰ףһ˴Źˮ̳һֻŰ׶ƤĴࡣ

ƹ⣬ԭֻʯܣȥ С֧඼֮֡

ܽᣬֲ㷽ʽ¶õԼֲЧʸߣҪɵּƻ൱ֲġ

СϪ̬ʹһȥ֪ʱָܻ ֱӵֵΪܶе־ͿܴһСϪУԵĴ֮֡

طڷ˺ӵΣδԭʼɭ֣ΣķҹҲ㣬Ǯˡ

Լܱ¶˼ȥӶվɳϿ˵ıӰ뻹ǰ߰ɡ

³ ׵ľ޴ȸͷ˺Ӱһͷ

˻ûԶվڰӸµĿţһơ޴צӽűߵʯͷݺһߣСʯͷͬĵ͡

ѵһϧûšе˽ͷתߣͬʱҲͷĵƹ˹

Ŀ죬һӾ˻صïֲܵСֻһĪζҶӡ

㻬յ:

硭ʲô

Ҳŵˣ˿ĭͳЯĲ񵶣صķλ:

˭˭Żӣ

ûзʲô䣬˱ȫעעλΣա

ʱѾһطע⵽˱ĺӰϳһӰĵزʯ

¹ϸһŵˣӰıƽ˵һֻ޺ܡ

ؿİװ¹ɼ

Ϊ֮ǰ˵עȫˣûʶֻĶȻ

޺رϲ˯ܿȣϳʳ

ܿΪ½ʳĿǿߣ̫Уʳ԰ʲôĶܿƼ˵ûʲôˡһôôʳ

޺ܿµȵͣһٽͨСԶԶˣոŪôĶֻܾȻˡƽǲˡ

Ȼ˵޺ܵСȻСĶʵģһ˭뺦һҲ׳Ƶı֢׷𹥻ùϲɽ91굽92ͷ˶ʮϮ˵¼

ܣɽ﹥ûл·ˡ

ʼʩ߳һʯͷǺ棬ˡ

˵ĿʯһͷǿҵĵƹúܶԭأеĴʱѾ˫ȷˡƽʱܶڵϣڿһͷأٶޣԼʮҵĵطֿ־壬ʵԱ

Ⱦܣ첲ȴܵקס

ʲôǳ⵽

硭ܣϿǧܡܲܵġ˻ȱ𶯡Ʋ䡣

Լҵܵ˵仰ʱĪ侲ȴ֪ԼĵܵҲڹ򶨣ѹԼ첲ϵֶǶáǴѧ!

һܾʮ룬·ճ

ʱܶˣ:

ܵܣȻϹҪҧˣҸţһҪܳȥ

磬һȥáУҧ˭һܣܡ

ߵ׵ĺͣҲɻԷôܣֻǺˡһֱع۲Ŷˡ

ʲôһӱ¨ץһֻκʯܶ˺ܡûҧʯ˳ˮƮߣһצ˻ŵھͳˡ

޺δӣץ˼ֻʯܶȥ

Ŀȫ̵ᣬץĶȫܼˡ

ر¨ҲˣֻýװǸͰ˹ȥȼӺ㱻ԹˣûҪ뿪ӡ

ڳʱľ£ܲˣͻȻеĲ񵶾ȥһ㣬ϧ米ǰһ£ݳһӡӺܳŭˡ

ԭһ˯ȴ̫ϵӱҵԵġֵֻĶܴСڴﳤûôֵĶ

ʹֵһٺóԵģԱȥ˯졣ͻȻͱֶĳצӡˣɰܸˡ

ۿܾҪˣվڶ԰￴һˡ

ֹ˾͵ñ˺顣һ˻ųȥͷɱ˵ҲʻᱻزŻС

ʯͷѸٴܵϡĹӵٶҲܵǳʱȥ

׷ּʯͷϣ۵ġܳ׷ˣϵسŶ԰У˶׷ˡ

ûг棬һֱڰʯͷҲɵʼСܵߣϺӰ

ۿźܿˣ룬ǲҪͻĺãȻԼ죬˵Ҳá

ţӣһȣͷӷɵ˶԰

ɵˣ͵ĴŴ棬һӾͷɵ˶԰

ܻ֮£ܿʼܡûؾ̱ںӰߡϢһᣬͷɥ뿪ˡ

Żͷ뿪ĺܣ˺ܵëѪҺϵͳɼ˻ҵѨʼϢ

֪ǣոܵɻΪʲô׷ˣͻͷһֻϷŪܡ

¹֮£ֻëŽ󣬿һֻȸ̫ˣĿȸ̫ࡣ

һʱ뵽ͻȻֵʯӣԼС˼ҿڿഫĹ¡˵:

ܡܣǡող˰ɣ

ܵҲûж룬ȻϡŹֵĶȥˣܽ˻Լ粻ٽɽ˵ʲôҲû£Ŵ˵

ҲǷ飬Ժ㻹ǲҪͷˣˡǿȥɣȻжô졣߰ɣ

úúáߡ

һ˯ú㣬糿ӭų˶Ưëںӱ߷ЩзС㣬Ա󣬿ʼμǰ




4.  ʩֳ     ·ǲ

·ǲһ糿ĿʮʺϺ¶˶ᵼ¹ߡ

Ҳźʱץ·Ȼ˾Ļ죬Ӳû١ҪԶˮԼע¡

౾ձʸߣл졣ʱ˶֮ر¹ߣɢҲ˵㡣Ҫ˵˸ˣҲǳźʱ·գƾֻһЪһˡ

ʵǺܳûãͽν׶ΣƸΪƽ̹ӰҲԼס

εҰҲ࣬ոͿһںˮ

׵ӣаɫխߣ·׮ƫĲһӾԺҵ֡۾ߡ

Ķߣܳף߶ȻԶԶߡһ׾ƽ壬¼5.5סڻĹϷҲ׳ơɽ硱

۾ʵ۾ѪԵϵô֮Խ۾ߣһΣص֣һ˵߶ʳ൱ǿߣ۾߾رϲߣ͸һ

Ϊ;޴עҲֻҪ룬Զ

ܷ˼ĵȷȷзм¼ģڡBiology, Medicine and Surgery of ElephantsѧҽѧѧⱾм¼ԻĹУΪĴӱ۾ҧУͷ5.4صĴСʱ

оҽѧרҵ鼮ƣⱾ36ѧҺٴҽרҵ֪ʶѧҵҽҽѧͽ֪Ĵ

λߣǼݴѧά˹УҽѧԺҽѧĬգMurray FowlerʹҽĿоϴʼ˺ɺ׿Susan Mikota)

˶ҽѧʿ൱дԡ

˵඾߶ܶ󣬵ǣһĶ߶СĶƲ˴ƤҲ˵Ҫ붾󣬱붾Һǿ۾ķЩҪء

ǰ׮۾ߣûԴ󵽿Աȴ󻹿죬ϾԼװȸɲħȸһԶһá

Сƿ۾ߣȥ

ҲԵ֣ףڼ˳̿ȸ

һС̿ȸȺһֻżֻں̲ʳʮֻҲСȸڴƿȸϷ֡ٲȻһȸļ塣

Ϊ׵ۿȸȷ˿˾СȸѸٶ˴ĳ¡

߽ˣƺʶľ޴ͣۿȸŵͼҲûжͣɿ±ȥ

˺˵ˮվĽصպιɵĵط絽ĿĵأҲ￴ˮվ״

ʱˮվѾ֮һڶڶ֡

ˮվϷһΪˮ׷״ڵ˹һʩĵطҲ͸ɺˡ

պǷ˺ӵηֽߣƵ̵غһƣӵһٲʱΪûˮ¶̦ұڡԶȥƾƽ̹ࡣ

ˮӵ޽ڵط̫СֻһھҵҲף˺ҲʮףˮվҲС͵İɡ

߶ɽҲͺӹشˮʹҲɽˮûж𡣸˵ˣ˵ڵƵʡͲȱˮվɽСˮվ½͵棬˷ѵߡ

һĵطϢ̫ˣȥҪǱֿɾ鷳ˡ

ȵ磬ʵвסˣèƾֲڵĵؿ˹̴ӡ

ʱϰʱûˡ˵ӣʵð״ϸ˴ļ׾צȷĲ˺ѡ

ûˣȸڣĹ룬ԭص˼ǰ

֪ǣȵʱԶպ˼ʮӵһ

۾Ʋϵʳˣʼ

ǿһɺһƬֺһƿad̡ڿȸζЩƣо̫ܺùں﷭ʯͷץзԡ

㷹ͻȻ˵æ꣬ʳ˲١ʱѾˣ˵Ļ

سҵİ칫ˣ̫ͦȽȥ

žણšˣһ۾ͷɫȫñӣ߬Ű֡΢΢ʾӽ

һĸ̬˽滹ӵһȺˡ

һжܿЩ˾ͷ˱Թʳһص̺Ͱװ̬ӵı鲻̫ÿõ˵:

ܹʦ㹤Ļ

۾ӣӦʮ֣ЩԼûпⰡô

ڲ˼ʱæʰͰһ£̬ӣҲس¡ʼóļر̽ȡ

ССķڼˣı˿ĽͷҿߴֲȽïʢͷһ㣬һ˾עⲻˡ

ͷˣķǸسûã˶˳ȥʣ¼ڵϸҲƴճˮվ

λسպҪѡ쵼λƬصҲûʲôõóֵġ

˵£һӣҲǷ˺һСˮվһˮˮ⣬Է硣ˣֱС

ȻҲô򵥣̸سԶݣ̵ĳа̡سˮվһʽٳаԼݣ޽Υʡһˮɼϻһ֡

һԺسûǨǮҲ׬⡣

̸ҲȥѲӹˡǽȴС

Ϊһʮ꣬Ȼе罻ϰҲǻѪֹ̹͡ĳȻ߲ѡģЩ˸ûпǵ濿ӹ̿ȸǡ

ԼҪôֹˮվ޽أӲƴ϶ǲеģԼôҪƴôˣοпھĸ

ڤ˼ʱûע⵽һζ

ͻȻһ𡣰˼˻

ŤͷһüһһֻɷĲ˹鼱֮£æͷ꣬ɲĶ˷֡

ڵ峤׶ѾǸˣȻػǲһ㡣ƶ׷ˣȴ׷ᡣ

ϵЦ:  ⹷Ǻʨһʹһ˳ͶһҳϿɿ

򵥵˵ִף졣ɼܲסʱڻĹһĭԺ˶Ѫ޹顣޵ĶȮȥĶû뵽ﻹȻ˨

һᣬȷ̵أҲɴ಻ˣת׼ӭսպֻԻ




5.         Ľɫ

Ľɫ⣬еĻҳγɶЧӦһһȸԶ

ջ̲Ĳȳ˹Ѱ˼ԼزԷһԾɣצ붹һץɣ׶̶ϡ

ܻºУɿצӣų򳯲ϮȥΪǴãûôצӺˡ

ƿȨѸ֮ٽצץԴڶıܣƫͷ㿪צצûԴϣŲĶϡ

ɲǼ䣬ĵצ۳˲ĲϡƤѪֱҪ֪̿ȸǷݣݡҪǻݵл죬ƿԷֽʯ

һкæ·ɵϣϾԼɲˣѧϰΰ˵λսȽϱա

һӣŭˣתƣСǳ䲻ķһצӡһ죬ϻصϡ

أϵ˿ԽԽ࣬ѪɫƤëʪ˲٣ģҵĺܡ

Ҳʲôɱˣɵ˿ڻ϶ܿĵطֻǿſֲڼҿ¹ͷͿԻָˡ˭֪⹷ô˿û뿪ĺۼ

ʱһһѾ˺һˣĽôǹѾʶ߷ˣȻ취뿪ʱԶ

٣¹ͷֻʲôأ

ǷҰˣƬɽҰ

Ǹպس⣬ȥʲôسʡ

ߣõɽޣ֮ǰﻹϹӡ

ǶɲöԸɡ

ԶһȺ˺ѵسҲˣɲְܱ¹ͻȻһƣѸٷҲ漴ųݺݵظ˲һ⡣ӲѶԷȳȥ

ȵĿ˿Լĳû뵽ԼϻôԴɱҲǣԼβ50ǧˣҲֻ̫ࡣ

צӺļӲ죬սҲ֮С׾50ǧ˽зеĳɲһ㡣

ķԳ򣬶֮ڿնҪش󼡡ǿؼȺձǿļˣ൱ķҲΪʲôҪ˼ȳԼԭ

Ҫ˵ĻǴ󲿷һǸжԱҽ˶ؼ󡭡

ͷֵ뷨˦˳ȥֻǰ֮ǰܵôƤˣֽʵʵذһ⣬ûʱܸʱ

ûйܵκزᣬڲȺĶԽԽش󣬼ûټ

ȵʩӵ˵ˣֻһֻκĲڿҶϣϲ˿ڡΪˣҲҶͣŲȥˡ

Σյںӱɢôֶˣߵǳֻ̲зһЩϺףҲˡ

ʱ̫ѾɽҲҵطϢͻȻƲ˼ЩֵĴսһüһëë棬ɫģͷƤ顣

תߣͻȻһ֣ͣצӡת⼸

ߣ޹Ĺǽȥҽȥˣ緹ͨ˻ҪŴƸСʱ

СʱҲ㹻ɻµˣһ֦ӷҲ°ˣæһ죬˶ˣϴ˯

˭֪һţӭǵӵëë棬ϡϡ飬ɫëë䶯ţͷƤ顣

һӣǿըˣʲô챻˺ȥۻһ죬˯ĵطûˡ

ɾͶֵͷȥˣһȺֵĴүڵسͷ߹ǵΪʲôأһ𣬴С֡

ͷΪȻشԼķţɵˡͷҲƻ

صעǼ˼䡣˵˵ļﳤëë棬ôС쵼ĵ˼䣬ֱëëﳤ˸Ӱ

ΣҲƽˡ

ڶǳƴˣù˹ɱʽ㣬ƽϢ滼ɨĳмʮ̫ˡ

˰죬Ҳûɶ˯ˣҲ˯ˣȻƤĲںӣëëϵëҲס̫ˡȫɱĴ̱ζ

ķҵĹǼűӳȥҵˮĵطʼϴס

ϴ˱״¹ĺ棬˸⣬ˮҹӾˡ

ʱǲԶĺӰ￴Ⱥˮ

һţͻȻԴһʹһСʯӺԴһѺõĽ˳һ

ܻĿʼʼٸߣҾͱһӻͱѣһȺүǷڽǣȻֶţ˼嶷Ź

һȺУһȺڻ̵ĺ̲ϾŤǳֱҪѧ

Ϊʼٸߵĵķɽ

죬Ƿֳ֣ӣϷΧһֱеܺͷɳ档ټϳεϲˣ˺üˮϸ跹ԡҺͲֺܶ󨡣

˵˯Ҳ˯ãҲԲáڣҶˡ

Ҫ˹¹ͷû취ֻܺ˵˵Ȱ

ҲΪѣЩҹ˯żأҲûʲôҡ˹ϵȥԶĴӴҲûִʲô˹ˡ

üû˯õĹͷֻȴ绰ͷ㱨һ£绰Ӧ

¹ͷѪ˿۾ͻȻʲôӹսǴһֻ࣬Ϊ̫ԶˣģֻһӰѸӹ

ΪƵʡˣ¹ͷȻǶӰʮϤⲻƵʡĴȸڿȸĴСʶΪǶȵԵԲĳô

·ǰļƵ䣬ǸӰÿ϶ػش󣬳Ƭ̣ͨһ绰

ҹһӰϵĿӪءǱɿȸ֮ǰ죬ػص鷳ù̶֪ѶˣҲû֣ʲôģֻΪϵͳ涨ɱˡ

ʱǰ˯ϻһ˶Բѣɰϲˡ

̫ɽøɲݻͽѵĳڸס Ȼҧѳ֮ǰ̳߸

ͲˣܰǶܡ

ѾȫϨƵķ䣬Сط˵

ע⵽İΧܺУȴ˵

֮ǰϣٻ˯˵Ĺ˴죬ᶼˡ

ҡҡͷԼ֮ǰǶżģˣҲ벻һֻ̿ȸɡ㱻ԼϵͳҪ¡

һɾɿ䳲֦䳲֮ʱһ˺ڰ

أ

ĵطһڹ¡˵ǹðһ̡˲ʱ䣬еһʹһɾƳȥԶ

漴̵صĵƹ½ ʹ˷

:⣬мˣ




6.       ž޴̽յ

ž޴̽յֻɿеķѣʹ롣

ӵƺ˸ÿһ¾Ͱžҵʹǲˣ˳ֻ취뿪

ųݶҲ漴㿪̽յƺͽһǹֻûɳԶʹʹӿ׹䡣ûˤˡ

ĹԽԽˣŤͷȥһȺƵġ׵ġڵ԰Ȯ߿ٱԼЧԶԶȥƻͨΧȺ˷

Ҳһ˿ϢĻᣬžʹٶų򣬱Ҫܣܱץ

ʱȺ԰ȮѾ˸ǰ׺ݵģһⲻͨ԰ȮȺɷڡͷֻϻһ

뵽Ϸɽǰ˶ѵ԰ȮȮЩҲǰɡǽܾΣˣЩ԰Ȯɱͷ¶ˡ

ڱŵͿջ裬֣԰Ȯǽ

ͬʱϵϵüûϵϵͳ:

ϵͳֺţһ£ˣ

ɨˣнеش

ƣҪ˲Űæ?

ǡĿǰΪֹ൱ļʴ֮ǲ֡

ˣؼʱ򲻿׵ϵͳรɡоС

ϵȸܵӰ죬Ҫ˵;޴յ谭ΪȮƶ԰Ȯرʺϵﴩ˺һû˦ǣճϵĿһ粽롣

أʶԽԽģ˶µĴʧѪʹĹ¶½Ҳ˳ȣԽԽȺ͸Ѿˡ

ڴʱǰźںĶڶߵĶǸӰתͷ϶С۾¹⡣

ǰȻһ͵İơͷܣϲ⡣

ܹҲûϵԼϳʳҵһ۷ѣ׼ķۡȴͻȻԶĹС

ܵãȴһųζǰϷŪֻɵĴһʱ䣬ĺëһؿŶԷ

;ĩ·ˣΣһ⣬ûбܿܣ˿ԥķɹܡһٶԭըëĺͷԣתķ󹷽С

Щͬþڳʱʧġ

뿪˲Զİܵܵ˼ֻ׵ϣžʹʼϵͳ

ءֺţ졭ô졣

δˣне˵

شҪƿڴΣ֮£Ѹ侲

Ȼϵͳ˵ûзˣ֤ʱˣҲûпӰӣ֪ӵҪȡģȻ˿ԶϡϵͳȻԸæ֤ӵû˼ѪܡڻԾȡ

˵ǣصĵطԶпô¶ľ޴״Ȼıӻקƣһȳһյ˹ȥ

ܶǳӵĸֽγһϳţȻֻϧڵûʱ͡Ͻӵȡ

ĽҰ⣬ûӣԼ๾ӡ

˿ִʹһصϸǸȽϼ˵ˣĸ˫ʹͷ֣Լ磬ûѣͬıܱҲ䲻ȡƧִֵԸ

ҲԸʹȻʮʹؽ˳ѪҲ㲻ˡ

أأأһǹ쾪˻˯ŲӳԶȥڵһƬ̽յƵĹʱʱ֣ܵ

һ뵽Լ޹ĺ в̣ԼѱֻΧ

ʱһ˿ԾΧͻȻ࣬ոջ質ĳǣȻ֮ư͡һɹĸо

òʵҹһۣĵ˵˰״ߡΪûʲôΣʱͻ

֮ǰһֱ¹۲죬ȴͷΣգͷĲԾʱҪ㿪Ѿˡ

һֻ޴ҰͻȻıϣһشҹ˲䱻ѹڵϣ·˹ͷѵԭõ˿ҲѿһصĿӡ

ʹ죬˵£ʹϾ

޵ѾĲӣ֮ʣֺϵͳڶˡ

Σϵͳ

ϵͳ䣬ϵʧˣԺſŲͷһһֻ޴Ļͬһ㣬ΡΡڵϣСʧģʮҡ

ϵͳûдҪԷûþվ˹ƵһԶˡҲֲסˣǰϵͳ

ɨѣѪƣģʽ

һͷԭ绰˵Ĺͷڰ˷ȺĹ˸˳

⼸˶ǸӵˣȻҲ῿һѳû北һǹͻ

Ȼƹûյɴ¹һֻ񡣻û˸ϵʹԶԶԹĲҽкҰ޵ͳĽ

Ϊ׵˾ḻһ֪ԹȺǰˣżҪ֪ЩȮǴСģһȮôģǳһ㡣

˼ʮǰʱ򣬻Ǹഺ꣬ͺ͵ʱĸ״ЩȮ汲ӦɽͲǹ׼ĵһǹġ

ȻҰ䲼ɽǹӲ취һ率ùͷɽͷ

ܲǺöԸĶ׻˵úãһϻԵע⣬һСûˣƵʡϲȣҰͲֲ̫ӡ֧ҲҰˡܾһԡ

ȻʹˣɲȽڰܵı˻졣

ûþͽӽ·أҪһ˼ֱĿѡۿԼԼżһֻΧźܹ

Թأ˺ԥĿһ率ֻһ𣬽žǺܵİ

̫ˣûнһװһλҩʱһɨѸˡ

ԹҪ׷ģ˼ɫ̫ڣ߾ԭʼɭֵڲˣǸȽԼЩȮȥ˵

ûһͷʹ˸ϵˡֻ˱һֻһϢԹ˳ëΣԹһ˻﷢ߺ

һصĲ״¹ͷ˵Щʲôûڣͱһ׺ݵ͸סˣû˵

˱Ƚϴһԣɱڡ˵

¹ͷô˵أҵĹôࡣ

Ҳ˭֪ͷڨڨ

˻˽½ˣͷӦһǮ˺Ŷӣʱԭʼɭ֣Ҳ֪ǸĶûУҪڵ󹤳̣ԼɾͳԲ˶ˡ

Ⱥ˲֪ǣǼ׵ĵط״ԡ

һɫĹţǳĹߣͬөĹʣĵľͿȸʧˡ




7.  Σ     峿һ͸

峿һ͸յĿȸϣ˯ѹ

˦˦ͷӷſһֶβͣſ£ط֣ԼôصˣȻȫˣȻϵͳؼʱ̻ǿ׵ġ

û뿪ıӻ֮ǰ˳ɼһЩֲĻ򣬱Ͼطպڻعڡȴֲḻ

ɼһҰӣֻص̲Ϸ˼С㣬ǽ緹ˡ

ȴֲȱʳ

ͷʱͻȻͷһֵĻ̌ͷһһֻڴϣ֪ڸЩʲô

ϵͳ֮ǰļ򵥵Ķ֪ʶ֪ʲôϬ

Ϭ١ɮĿϬƳԱһҲȴ콢

ĿΪʲôзɮĿɮΪ̵Ľ̷֤ĺģΪʲô˶еһĿ˵Ҳһ˿Цõᡣ

ഫӶ孺пպԣǸӲѪͳĵӰèǸպС

λʷʵڵĿպʦڹԪ806Ӵѧع󣬾ڱݵĸҰɽһԺС

ҹ˾ʱ򣬿պʦֵá¡ⷢͶеġɮǳƣͼ˸ʫһ:

ֶ
֮һ
һģ
ˮˡ

ǾͰѰƯɫɮ񣬻һһֱ

ЦԷǵתˣĶѧдۣɫķɮϸԾ

Ϊ˸⡰ɮĸеģλϲֱдͬѧֱϴǹ׵㡣пλһǹϽšɮķȥ

ʼٸ߷ˣԭǶ^ҲһèͷӥǧϰˣҲͽʹһֱɮˡ

ϬڻĹͼСΧڣǳϡ٣亱ǵصǵĴͣĳ档

̧ͷſϬ񣬷пɫͬĵطм仹һСӣˡ

ϬƵķֳʽر𣬴ѷȻһСӡȫְ̫̫ͨСӽʳ﹩ֱ񳤴Ȼ綼ټĵֹ

Ҳζž޴ķգһ湤ȥҲͬᱻ

ͷ۲˰죬վȤ£ű˵ʳԼ࣬ϵͳռ˿ϬĻ򣬾ûȤˡ

ع鵽ְ񣬿ʼ˼νˮվʱͻȻˣѵ쿪ǹ˹?һ뵽⣬æԱ߲ݴ

Ȼûӣһ˾ǰ

ϸһˣŮ١

ͷԲʷǿ׳꣬һǹһ뷢׵үӣʣµľһȺѧģˡ

˵Ĵ磬ߵˡǸƿġ

һ˸պôȽϽĵطΪƽƽһ˱㿪ҪϢһ¡

һԲʷ̧꣬ͣһڲͨ˵

ȽڣҿҶˣϢһ£ȻȥռЩֲɡ

ҲãҶϢһ£Ե㶫Ͻкˡ

˼һԱߣȷû߳ϣǵֽϢ

Ϣļ϶ϽڶһԵһ˵

С˰˵֮ǰ˵Ĵԭʼɭ̿ȸҪ֪Ѿܾûз̿ȸټˡ

ǸС˵òƽƽһڿ۾ٲȻһģһ˫۾͸¶ᶨ˵

ʦûģ֮ǰռֲиԻ׿ڸ˵ģһȺȸ˿ȸᣬ̿ȸ϶û

ûǾ̫ˣҹҰƲֻ̿ȸƯҪˣԺ뿴ֻȥ԰ͶǡϽڵͷ

뵽漴ǶƵʡֲоĳԱ⼸ɼһЩҰֲµоɰصĻҲǸոСˡ

˵ԭʼɭƷֱΣ̿ȸټȻоֲרңɵ䣬֪ʶ֪Ҳˡ

һʱѪϵ˵ɭֹɭ־һ˾ͽӡ

ȻǼ̵ĶԻУ˽Ϣ̫ϡ٣ȷҪ̿ȸġ

һûЪþˣվҪ취ͻȻжѵȺ·ˣŵæֶ¡

һβͬһˣ֮ǰǹϵˣҲ֪Ҫʲô

Զˣĵظȥ˭֪һˣûˣȶˣ

һεĶ飬ȴöڰͫһ

Ⱥװ룬䶼һսͱ֮ǰɭ־켰ǿЩѧߣˡ

ȵȺ˱ϹŵıĹҵģ״죬ĸоܲáЩƺǸ𷢱Ϊͷģӵͣ˴˴˵һ

ǲץ˵ǸֱӸǮ

Ȼϰ˵ˣֻҪץľͿԡķǳ˵ֽ꣬һ䣺

ץģһǮҲò

ģֵܼץģץǮҲ߿աһ˴ǻ

棿һ˷һ̾˵:ϴ㿴ոطĲݺͿҶȶˣʵģϻмأ

ϴƲǸ⣬Ƭϣ鿴һ˵

СģƸոв˾

ϴ󣬲Ӱɣ

̫ܣߵɭֹô˳һᣬ˵

ݺ˵֮ǰȵ㿴һĻģ

ǸԶ׵ӣĸĶʼˡ

ãȥȡǱߵĻúǰ˴档

˵꣬ʹһ˵תȥ

һȷûˣŴӲ˳ǿЩľˣҪôһֻߵؼ

ոǻ˾ʲôˣʲô

ĸġǸ򡭡סɣˣǵĿǿϬ񣡡

͵ָԺʱȺ˵ʾˡ

֮ǰ˵ʲôҪȥȡе

ðϵͳĿϬص֪ʶʾҲһֱ͵ߵǵĶ

˵һ죬 ס

һǺ׶죬Ϭţǣ

׶첻С˵ǸѪĶҩҲǵͷǿԳͺ

ǿϬ๺ͲͷǣΪʵĵģϵɫ͹Ҳǳڻƣеʵذ͸״һʯҪ󣬷ǳʺϵ̡

׶ʷǶǹĽĶڵʱƺ׶ʱڵһƷĹɺͼԢ˺ֱͨϡʮϡȱҲͳϡܵһ˵׷

ÿ궼ϬɱԴɵƷؼϲ̷ӣνЦ˹ǲΥ˹ͷ̰ˡ

Ȼ׵ҲУڶĳиöͯļ׵һԻƷëȻ

֪Щ͵ǰ棬ֹǣȻϬһҶҪڷˡ

ţΪ˲Щˣһϵ档

ϵʱʳûлֻҸطȲ䡣

û뵽Ⱥ͵ô졣




8.       ڰ

ڰȫװ͵ߣҪʱ

ƫƫԸ޴ϬڻǻˣϣĹͨݸȫûע⵽Եв

ۿ͵ԶӵѾװǹļͬȹϵϡ

߳һʯӡžϣһӾ;Ϭ̷ɿ˶Է

͵ԶӲ֪ô£ǿʼװҪϬѨĴΣգ·أҪߡ

һһעϬܾ֮û뿪Ѩ̫ԶǼᶨάԼĳѨ޶

ϬΪΪǶһһ޵࣬԰¼ꡣ

ʹԼҲɼڳѨԣĴ죬ߡ

ৣһ֧עϬ񣬲ҡҡ׹ƴֿ

һĻɵĵ׶ݣ˵飬Ҳǵ

ͬʱҲЩɻΪʲô͵ֱ߲ӿǹϬ񣬷ҪأѲɡͻȻ뵽ԼֵУЩҵҪҪȡ!ɫźÿ

ģ֪ôϬһӣͻȻϵͳ:

ΣźŴңڸողɼ˫ϬϢ롣

оԼĴǣֶһЩ֪ʶ֪ʯͷһ㡣

ԭĹڵļֿϬ๲̫ʺ棬ʺӡᵺϵһֿϬǰĿϬ˫Ϭ񣬸ΪͨںС

ԣʱ˫ϬһӲˣǿһСᱻߣ뿪죬ΪĳЩ˵г

֪ϬʱΣգϾΪ󻯣͵߿ϣϬˣģʼ˼ô졣

ʱ˫ϬѾʼã֧ض䵽ϣ͵ԶӵȲǰǰ׼õ

ǸһȫԹۣ·Ǻ£͵ԶӳָѡĲ˵һ䣺

Ҫʲô˷ʱ䣡

ڹӶϵ͵ԶӶӳһۣû˵ֱֻضˡ

ۿԽԽˣϵҲĴϬ񲻰Ľʱˡ

Ϊ˲¶Լɲȡʯͷİ취һϵ˵֣ȻйߣǸȴĴʮ׵ϵ

˸ߵĸ߶ȣ滹֦ѾܲĴ֣Ǹ˵˿Ѫ˿Ҷһ

ɵˣװŪܣ˭ֳ֪һ

֪ĵ͵ԶӣæǰǸˣֻǺ˼һᣬ˵

ûõģôѪôߵѾûˡ

һʱĳĬ

⻰סˣûԷС̵һ¾ǰСɱһ㣬ۿһԼЩˡ

ͻȻ뵽ϵͳ֮ǰɱˡ

ãϵͳһ䣺

ϵͳΥ𣿡

ϵͳ

Էڸ߿׹䣬ֱɣΥ档



Ǿ˵ҲС˵ˮﱻˣСˣͶɵ𣿡

ϵͳǣϵͳʱæع淶ȽϴֲڡˮɣǻɡֱɣԲΥ涨

ϵͳ˵ϰ£һ棬һ£һ棬Ҳһ˿εСҡ

³ôһ£˶֪ҪҪѡϾ˵ɱȳҪֵǮ

˻ѡϬԼͬʬ塣

ԶˣӲĵط˳

̧ͷϬİǸȥΪûϬ񣬶ĴϬͳ񶼻

͵߶һӣȥǸ˷ŽȥϾǲܴһʬ߳ԭʼɭ֡

󣬿׼ٴнʱͻȻԶļǹ죬ʹȺ˾ǣ׷ó

ڶԷĻϾǽǹĹȣҲ֪Ⱥ֮ͽôǹ֧ҩܵġ

ĵ֮ǰˣǸͷûǹ̫ǷģȺɭ־ǹѵʲôΣ

׵ĵطһȺ˸ոһֻҪޣҺɭ־췴Ӧʱǹֻ

ڳ˶һСһһŮſˡ

ߣ͵Զӣоһ˿ԾͻȻӲĲݴܳһͷܡһҧסԱߵˣϡ

͵Զӵ˱һ׷׾ǹ׼˵ܵǰ棬ǵǹҲ޷֤ԼֵܲҧǰԼ˴

һʱƽֲ£ֻʣº͵ĺԼӵİ

ջǶӳϣ쿪ǹϧ޼£ûŵģʽĺܡ

ڰȴ֮ǰֻܡ

ͨˣԭܵһ˿ڣΪӵûȡѪϺڻѪ裬Ӧϵ˿ڣǹʼʩʯͷ˺Դ

ƺʲôֲĶӷɿˣֻһǹ졣

һںܰȫˡĵظȥ

͵Զӵ˾ûôõˣһԱˤֱһˣ⵹ùӣǮû׬ûˡ

Ǹ˼۶г̣Ӣ˾໰Ȼѹõͣ˽ŵ£󲿷˶ˡ

͵ԶӵĶӳŭɶץӾײԱߵϡ

ҪʲôҿǵĹǲôңæɫغǳ

ͻȻȻֹΪ͵ԶϴǹָĶͷǹ֧Ŀ־廽ǰ˵֪

ǰһȺĵ׼֮ͽëǣʲô¶ó˿ĭսսؿڣ

ǸǸǵȫԱһһϰ壬ǲ

ˣϵɿˡ

һ˲Աǰһͷ׼ڶȡҩ

ҿϵͳ˵Ұǳֱ̬ȵģϵͳİ£˵ĺܣҲȡӵ׼

ϵͳ򵥵ظԼ๺צ˶ܵ˿ڰǿ̽ȥһŨŨѪζŲʣϵͳ˼򵥵ĴˣǵȺ

ô뿪Ϊʱʳߣô˯ĺܾͻΪһٴˡ

һߵȣһߵű°ߵ˫Ϭ񣬱Ͼʱ͵߿ǱϾֲרҵʿļŪãҪġ

ϵͳƷҩ൱ûãܾͻС۾Ҳڿˡ

Ӧûüȥ׷Ⱥˡ

ܺߺ£ҡҡλεվؿɵñ⺩ģˡųѸٵĳŶ׷ȥ

ɫѾƫˣܲҵǣͻȻ˴꣬ɭ죬˶ֻҵط꣬Ҳ⡣

˻ǶԵֿȻʱᵼ½ͣв

ȴÿߵҲ죬ֻ󲿷

ڰϿȸһķˮԣŲڳΪ

͵˸طפӪأ˻𣬴ӱͳһι״ģɡ

ΣҰСƷ

ϵͳ䲻ñɨ赽

Ҳ䲻ķŵ˼ΣѾܲɫˡ

ɽɨ赽Ķ˵ŭԽԽ




9.        ΣҰ

ΣҰƤëɽۼףƷƷ

ϵͳÿһƷĵͳһ֣û뵽Ⱥ˵ҵΧͦ㡣

ÿһֶı

Ϻܶ˲ױĸԭ򣬻˻͵ĶҰ磺ΪʲôҪţѼȴܳҰ

ʵϱڱ̬һʳһȱʧζ֮صĶ֦潫ܵӰ죬ǣһȫġ

̬ʧ⣬񻯣Ϊ֮۵Լ

ĴҰʳ⶯ɱҰûУģֳũׯڡ֯Աɱܶ

вԭϣΪȺȺϾɱҰݶﱩǣϹȷԭɳĮɱǸߵˡ

ԱҰάȺ棬ĿǰǽȡԴ֮ϵġ

ǰȺ˺޵ߣӷɣʵ˷ŭ

ʱ䣬ɫѾװƽ˶ҪΣķĴҹˡ

ҹջ谵һ˰ӪկҪСĵϵĶ󨡣ƺͻȡ

ºڷҹɱˡŶԣ͵Խʱ

ƾźڰĻĵصǵӪأ˻˯˽ֵʱצһһҧװϬĴˡ

Ϊ뿪ͦԶľ룬һ·֮УϬȴһ㶯ҲûУĳ²ⲻ˰ɡ

ֱ˰ȫĵط򿪴ӣ̽̽Ϭ壬ڻȵġļ̫󣬻ûѹ

£Ҳֻϵͳˣ

ϵͳæ⿪ɡ

Σ¼֡˫Ϭעҩ

ϵͳλõ֣˫Ϭ˹

ƫͷ¹ǰҲǸܵ޴ûж⣬Ǵ˲䡣Ŀ£Ϸɵϣף̫ӰУҪҹˣ³ȥѰԼĳѨ

ʣЩдҰƷ

ԭ·ء

ϹƬʮһ졣͵ԶӼ׵ĵطȽһⳡҲûü뿪ɭֻ֣ҹ

ⲻ˼ҵһҰҹˣһҲţѧЩ㷲

˵˵Ļ˴һţɭֹ˵ˡ˿ڲأǱʹ˼򵥵ҽƹߣ˴Ҳûʲôˡ

ǵˡ

ˣҪҹҲһΰɡǸйɰص۾˵

ⲻʰɣҹ𣿡˵Ǹٲ⵽

ûµģ֮ǰȽڳʱһҲ˰ҹǰɣڡ

ɰؿȽڣߵͷ֣ص˵

ǵ СݣҲ൱棬ҲˣһϰҹС°ҹɡ

ǺðɣʲôһҪʱȡ

š

һߣĵؽ͵ԶӵİˣһⶼѾȥĶƷĺӱߣﶪ˺

һӵףתȥʱЩһѵˡ

ʱӪ͵ǶǳߡֻһҹͻȻֻһ죬ԭŵĵƣͻȻըˡ

һ˶ˣֵ

ǿTMҹô£

û£ǵըˡ

װµģǵ˯á

ûãµһյȺ˴һݰȫС

ɵ˸ոתžһƾȻըˣ˾ЩԾ֮ʣһˣٻ˿ɾû취ˡ

Ŀ֮£յȴûһ뵽ոչ£˾͹ϵ˯

һʱ䣬ΧղĺڰУͬǱ˵ĹӪһİ

ʱ˶ôСıȽϴĺ˯

˯е˲֪ǣŵ˽Ŀ⼯Ǵʱһֻ޴צһץס˯˵Ľףľϡ

˸ոѹͱ޴ˡ

ǰԹȥˣ˶צӣ뾭ǲһӣûСʱѲˡ

Ǳŵ˻ΪƷȫûע⵽Ѿһʧˡ

ʱһĴסˣƨɣվ˯ѣ˭Ҳܡﻹֵأպ򼱣ֻ߿ȥ򣬿һȥû˶

˰ûͬ˯ŵǻʶⲻСæüһͻȻˣ

ңҪǵİˣ濪ʼʱ䶫ܵĴһЩҩͲ¿ɻˣѵ˵йôƾʧء

ǹ֧ţӵֻܽͰ͵ˡ

ز˶ԾĽҰأ˻ҰޣôǿɥȪˡ

ѲɡѲʲôණһԱսľ˵

ȥģ˵Ҿ˺죡

ӳסڳˣڽ˵

ǲȥ𣿡

͵ԶϴƲһۣû˵

ڵģ˭֪ʲôˣһȵûУѾûˣȥңֵܡ

֪Ǳľ𺳣Ǳ־塣Ҳٶ໰

һȺΧΨһǿ˯⡣

Ϊ׳˷׷״Լ£˵Լɱϧߺĸ߽ؿڵĹԱ˵ȵȡ

ͻȻƵ֦ڱ۶ϵһ캰صĺС

磬

ڲԶĵط

˲ǲҽﲻʮף˷׷ͳǹóЯСֵ磬Դȥ

һӪؾֻʣ˿ˡͨƣǾеȫĵط

ŵƹ⣬ͻȻʲôһžӦ

⿨һУͳֻͼһֻմ򿪣ͿһɫƯëһʹ˺ڰ֮С

뿪ӪصȻ˲ҽУ͸ӰҲע⵽ӪصĹˡ

֮ǰǻ˵Լ⣬ڵϵľ

СۺСȶֹۣһǱˡ˴ʱڵֻнʹ˵

ֲǣʹŤϱдʺ֣͵ߡ

һĻ˶ˣǷˣһִͬĲҽ

ǸոûлǸͬ

һʱ·߳Ƶѹ˴Ҵ

ĵڶβҽУǳ״ݻڳ˵ߡ

ܾޣӣԶջצӣŽѾʹιȥ⣬룺ûֱӲɱķϣֻһֻ֡

ɢ͵ǣ˿̶Ǿ֮Ƶʱ

׷Ψ͵ߣúڰƣһֺֻһֻʱͻȻ֣͵̫ܵɢǸӳʱѾǺټ

һͷһŻɫȫñˣΧڻ˵

ģ˵ץͷզôء

ôܣͷǹ ƲҲ˶ˣҵˣץûԹưɣץ֮ͺúƷƷ

԰˵ƤܹǺⶼǮ

˵ʲôˣϽɣ󨣬ˡ

԰Ƶط治˴ġ

ͻȻԱߵֲĪˡ

ʲô

Ӻ͵ʱֻһĸߴ˴Ӳݶ˳ʮʵֻ¶Ƥ౻Ҷ˵˿ڣģЩǱ

ڹûע⵽Էе׺㵣һϲıסˣһϲ˵ԼƿĶѧҡΪ·ˣҲڶҰ޵ʱܶˣϣλܰæһ¡

һԷǿѧңȺֱֱȥĴүҲû룬ս㿾

ܵ͵ԶϴڰĴ֡

УҲĺˣ˺ڰ

ãڴˡ




10.  ת     ˡ

̫ĹâɢҹϢµĿʼ

˷׷ֻôһЩŹյˣֲ̿ضжš

Ǿϣһֻֽŵ͵ߡ

оԽԽߣ°ëůһЩи̾:ֻϧ͵Զϴ˹˶飬Լ֣ȻһͷӳԲ˶ߡ

ҪĻֹˮվĽ

׸ôأ

ֱӺһѹǱһ٣Ҳʡ¡ɹ˺͵߲һԼϲɾԲȥ

˹˵ĻҪǱƻĹעʱԼܲŻǳԲ˶ߵǸ

ͻȻǿԶһˣһ˰취

ʱӵѭʱ·ظϣɽһϣ˵ɫȽ㲡ȥٶҲȽʱ˲١

ߵһƽ̹ľϡٵĵطʱͻȻֿҶаڷһ־һɶʯɵļͷ

û˵Ǹɭ־̧ʾҰ ܣڼͷԱ߼һûзκԼΪĺۼ

ô£ĽҰôҲָʾԼͷ

ǻҪСģԼԼǹ־ΪµģôҪúעˣ˵ż͵߳û

ô죿һŮüʵ

Ǿ죬һˣΪ˰ȫǻǸĵɡ

ȽڳĬƬ̣˵

е͵߹ƻΣգҪ֪Щ˿ɶǵѪ֮ͽĻһ·߰ɡ

˵£ǾûߵӰϣ˳źӰ߱һЩ

ΨһȱҰޡ˶ڣ󲿷ֶ￴һȺˣľս֮ززˡ

ԭڰ۲ɵˡ

ôˣô·ƣԼѾָһ·ǾȻ뿪

һȥԥƬ̣Ҳĸȥ

úˮһЩӻխ˲٣ֻһſźǰ

ߵĵطͻȻһдžϲð˳

һ£ҵһ£ʲô

˵۾ɰأϲسȥӲݴʲôһɫĿȸᡣ

ҳͣȽڣɵǰȥϸ˿˵

ûû̿ȸëС˵ûϢ̿ȸǳȥˣһҰоѴ绰ҲﻹܽȻ

ⷢɢһҹƣϽڽȸСطŽ˲ɼõ͸·

ȻǶоֲרңɶֲıһģ˶ȻҲˡ

ԶһĻҲ̾ȴĲ

ȥֻϣܿˮվֹ

һͷɽ©ĸλˣһҹó涣ҧͣѾͬ˪˵ӡ

͵ԶӵϴҲûкõȥ

ͻȻһ˸оԾʲôˡ

һһʱ乤Ƕ֪ʲô죬е𳵵ѡ

ʱûע⵽͵ߵɫˣڳû˱

ǴܻȺ

ҰʨϻҲһˣҰ󣬹ƾͿܸʹĴۡ

ַǳĶڶҲǰéģҲʮ¶ܼǵáɱ˵Ĵڡ

ܲģҪ˵᫵͵ѾʱܵĻᡣ

ϣһͷ޴󣬴Աߵ˳ƺע⵽ˣһ󾯸С

ȺǵһľޣҪǺֳ˼ͷ޴ʹѹȸûо˲ᶮǴ˿̺޲öȣϽܡ

߰ǱҲˣҲڴȺޡ

͵ע⵽ͷĴǰż粿кܴһ鷽İ̺ۣͻȻ˲õԤС

ĸϵᣬ뿪Ⱥһͷḻ곤ĸ顣

͵ʮǰոеʱ򣬺ͬڶǵֻ޴󣬻ĸŮzд󶼳ͲԴֻΪƤ

ΪƤһƤӣƤ֬ģֺܳÿĺɫҲϵǮ

ǵʱͷ󣬶׼ǳʱˣֻ¸ոհ˵Ƥǳ·ˣͷûлš

ȡƤĸ϶ǻˡ

ԭͷĴԸ෢ִϾûʲôô״Σա

һ㣬ͷĴŵһζ

һһӶǵζ࣬ɱĸףԼļϰȥһƤһľΣҲѾȾˡ

ڵѾΪԭȺµ졣ϤζʹļѣһȺȥ

ɢӣͷȴ֣׷šֲѧҡȥˣ˵ǣѲƶ뷨ȥ

͵߾ûôˣʧ֮£ŵǹ˳Ѿ֣˿С

֮неļӵҲ׷״⣬Ψһеĵط޼µ

Ĩһڿб˦˦ȥʧȥʶǰѹȡҲӦɡ

һͷھĥĹأˮվĳνȽڵĺӶˣḻôˮվԺƬ̬ɶĸı䡣

˵

⡭ô£ֵطˮվƣ

ҴҵǰȥʱϹͷΪǼʧٶԶԶͿһȺİ˳ģͦ˹ĵġ

˼ҵһʱʣ

ʲôλģˮվûжԴ˵̬йʵؿ죿

һ ɰѹͷˡ

һаģ֪ôడͷ²ǸɵӰɡ

⡭Ҳ֪Ҫʲô죿Ḷ́Ҳģ֤ûʲô⡣

ͷҲǻˣڲȺ˵ǰҲ˵ô࣬˵Ͼ˭֪ǲͷ΢˽õġ

ţͻȻһŢĵ·ϣһۿ˹

ͷȽһȺˣƨƨߵӭȥ

һ̬ˣӼʻˣŹͷһͷĽѵ

ȥˣȺ㶼ã̵㸺𰡣Ҫ鷳ҹҪÿ

ͷһЦһߵͷ

һĻɰؼڵ䣬˵

ʦҿȺ˲ ӼȻ˵ȳȥȽָ֪˵

šȽӦ

ߵѵˣͷ˱һ˵Ĺ֮

üͷһҵʼǵĻ

ɰȻҲ©ӣֻ˵¿ѣ·ɭֹǡ

Ҳ֪ѻе˼ɣϵĳˣҲˡ

˶˳׼ʱش˳ܱߺ󡭡ɱ

ڳߵĹɰ仰ͻȻ¶־ڱصõ΢Цߴ˾Ͻ

Զȥĳ뵽֮ǰǸ۾ĶĵԤһͻƿڡ

ϣ¶һ˼ı飬ͳֻͨһ绰

ι򡭡




11.           ɰء

ɰػصƵʡֲоȽڱд˲ϣ͵˶оԼš

ʱһ£ûлҲǾơ

ֱһ죬ȽزŻɰæǰʵ

ʦôˣ

˼̾˿

˴кǵϣȥʣǾ˵ûյ

ô죿

˼ҳһ£

С˰ҪǡĻû˵ɰҲ֪ʲô

ʦʵڲУýعɣҲ֪ǻϵĸкͱƣһЩý巽ĹҲܰﵽæ

𣿡

ԵģܷϢĺܣܱ治ٵʱ䡣ø˿

ѧеļ㣬ȽͻȻĵЩԼȻʹˣͿʼհǰ˺ηηβ

üëһ᣺

ãȥϵý壬Ҳȥ׶оͬѧѡ

һͷһû¾ȥң߶ˮܣ߻˻

̵ֵضðǶһ롣̵ĽҲǼͣ͡

Ѿ׼Է־սˣһǽƬһ飬ֳͷ⣬мֻԼͷèڸ

֮ǰĴֻǨʱ·

Ϊˣ뵽Ǿ߱ʬ壬ʵǲҲ̶áһ¹ȥˣʪȣѾ˰׹ǡ

ˣǺģǹ̶ӺĵþãԼĵþá

ûԤϵǡû죬һȺšڵˣһͶˮվһġ

Ǽߣ

Ϊ˶һ룬а̸òѹˣͷ󺹡

˾ڹԱ߳

Ϊ˵ʲôǱȥ 

ʶý屬سݣҲ˴˵̬ˮվΪô

ʣǷ֪˵شڹһ̿ȸ𣿣ôõָꣿǽ˾֮ǰûн̬𣿡

λݴسݹϵس¸ϼвԱ飬Ƿв룿ڴ˹Ҵ̰ʱڣʲô˵ģ

һͬ˹｡ˡ

Զ޸سô꣬糤ʼֵ

ЩҲ˲ٵˮ˭֪ۿˮվķҪԵպ˾ٱ

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｡ææظԼ绰Էûнӣϵ˱㣬֪Ѿʱˡ

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ֱԷӦѾһֱǶ棬ݻ

Ϊֻ̿ȸëжأز֯һο죬ĵ̿ȸӰϣǹߵҪ֤ݡ

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ʱſ˶ԷơҲˣ֮ͥ°ӵ˭

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Сĵط⺫Ϫѧ۸ˡ

˼ʴӱҲͬһУҲõĹУһС˻ͬһصࡣ

Ϫһпν˾֪Уʶħ

Ӹһʼ̸ǰǰ˺üŮѣǵûǸ˫Ǵ󷽷ϵ֡

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15.  Ϸˣ       С

ܵĶأſ㣬ͷһһСΧתȦȦ

Сһﲻ׶೤ɫǦɫ๲Сһͬǹ㱥Ķͷһ˫¶С۾һſͣȻȻһ΢Ц

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ҲС޲ٵн࣬һֲַȽϹ㷺ĵˮࡣ

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ܿòԾֻôСһδ꣬ôܶء

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16.  ˴齱      ӵĽ桭

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17.  ۾˯     ҹʱ֣

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ϵͳ˵һĻϵͳΪδǼвᱻһжΪĳ㡣

Щܼ£ЩϧֵܱʮԺǸеĻǡ

ʮ꣬ڳػ飬뺣ڡ

ԿȾͱ仯ȻҲǹ¾սٷʵҲһֱΪ̬ߡÿЩˣ̲סҪȥǴк

̫¶ˣʮ꣬˯ϰһֱһεڻǵĽˮС

Űߵƽɸ¥ã׳ƱɽܵƣǵҲԽԽˡ𽥼١21ͳųƶȵʵʩ뻷ŵҪ̬Ѿࡣ

Ѿ˥ڣûмͷˡ뿪ʱһֻϲ˺۵Ľһֱߡֱۡ

ɣࡣѶϵAɳ̶A

1λƬΣ

2ǱˮܻƬ

3˯߻ƬΣ

עգ

һۣľԼС컨塣

Ժؽ˻ı䣬Ȼʵ

ϵͳʲôǰ˯߻򣿡

˻һ˯һԹĿǰִֻˮУΪ˲ˮһߴ˯ϢһߴԻ״̬ΪԤΣպͳʱϢ

ϲ⣺Ȼõ£ԺԲͣˢˣ

ϵͳϿԣ֪һԹ᲻ͼӰ졣гԡ

ã㿪ʼɣǱ۾ֻԺͱԼβʹûֶþ˹ȥ

һ¾ǲԻЧ

ű﷢ĳΧĻɢǽڣһʹ˫ۣҲһ֪ĴСƷڷţĳɢȥԲ׵һάռ

Щ󣬾bһ㽫˵յװס

ϽĵԼֻʵ飬ɲ̬͵

໥Ϣʵǿ⣬ΪԵĹֲͬԵʱͼû̫Ӱ졣

ԣױŭѧȽС

Ǳˮʱˡ

ϴ˸裬ʱѾˣû緹Ҵҵسšøһ๫

˽ң׼ͻȻһӣڽó̽һ

ȻǸС⣡˭ŵģ

̧ͷܣǸŮкܿ骣Էͷһۣ͵ͷȥװҵ

滹ѹһţ˺˿Ȼ֪ǶԷĵǸš

Լڼʣ񵰸ָʳģ

˳òҲ̫ãҲûйŻؼҴȥСǳ԰ɡ

бϷĺܿǻͷһۣޱص˵ͷʾǸˣԷŲٻͷ

ϣϰС˹ʼߣͻȻվԱߵĹ԰ﴫһæ˹ȥ鿴

ֻ˹˵¶˽ȥ




18.  ꣬   ֵϡ

ֵϻȽȣԥ˹ˮкоЩԾ

˹ԱߵˮûϥУһȥԼˤ˸Ǻ

ȥо״һʹ

ˮȴԭˮ챻ĺӣ˿Ѿٺȣվ˹м䣬ˮλֻǿؿڡ

ǱСЦһɵӡ

ԭֻǶ磡

ĵ˿ϾСǷᣬһҪúøһɫ

Լãģܲһ

һ廬ˮУȻߺˮסûġ

СˮûоЩԾϰ

һСкʧغ

жжץҵĽţ

һС򶨵ĺǳ⵽Żǡ

Ȼ󣬻˵꣬ĽҲʲôץˡ

ˮ׵ץסˮϡеС˺üںˮ

˹ƽˮһ̶ˮɫ͵ģζȷ̫š

ʱʶǱˮʱ䣬СĺʼޣǺ˼ˮ

ۿˮԽԽɿ֣ӺôվȽŸҲûô򵥷Źǡ

СʱˮѾ͵ǵĲӣ־ţһʱսսҶˡ

˽Զ·ƵĹ⣬İˮ棬ͻȻһͷʪҵͷڶͷϣҰ׵΢ֵǱˮˡ

гȴԼĺǱʲôǯסκζ

ֻˮϲҰ׵ͷ˫ۡһ˫ڰ׷۾ȴûо۽ֱëȻ

ͻȻͷˣ

䣡䰡ǣҵһȥˮ

Դס

ڣСסˣֽŲõʹʽȥæ˰͹׷һܵķɿ죬ЬܶˣҲûлͷ

ЦؿԶϰȥС⡣֣ãСȴѾǱˣ֮ڴá

ֻβͣɷ˹˳˹ٴУβͼеĸˣԶ

Ҳǻλһ淨ˣᱻǶһΧĳèЩȴ

˵ֱħƶᵼ˥

Ͼ˷

ֻڵСĹ˵ãԵĹ˵ڼŭ֮ϵĶ󲿷ֲڣ̫СûʲôЧ

ҵ⣬׼ܹӵ㹻˹

ụ̋һͿС⣬ʪ룺ǺͬѧĵǸˣ

ˣԶһͨλӦСļҳˣΪ˱鷳˽ŵĴʹ첽߿ˡ

صǱģѿ￴ӵСһ

Сǰôˣǲ۸㣿

˸ţ

ûУС̣ҰʱСĵˣ㿴ѽҲһ¡

˵ţԼ׵Ľס

ѽ⺢ôôСģϽȥϴ裬ȥҩ͡Ȼһ

ţӦһ¥ϴȥˡ

ϴС̽ҩͷſڣֹ

Ҳ˳һҩͲãһʵ

С̣Ƿʲô𣿡

С̿̾˿˵

ҴǱߵ£˵Ҫ֮ǰǷǮ¡

üۣһרĲҩ͵ģ˵

˵Ҫʲôʱ򣿡

ĩɡ

ã̸ɡ

ţС̼˵ͷʾ⣬ˡ

ҩ͵ڴϣɫƽ֪ʲô

ʱƽƽȵصĩҴ󲮺ҲԼ

Ҵûжףóһֽżɽ˵

Сǰģҷӿ⼸ҲûסûʱΪ˸ҽʮҲʮ򡣡

ӹֵֽȷŽݣҲȷĸ

ǮžһӲ£Ҳû˼ᡣڼøҪ飬ԷŮҪʮĲ񣬻ҪҺĸǰѳðˣɷǮǲԷҪȫַȻҪĸµĺӡ

ԡ

ʣµĻڳˣҧ˵˳

ҺĸǸһʮ򣬲㻹ˣͰѷӹøɣ

һ⻰С̾ŭڣವһվָ󲮵ıӾͿ

˵ǵȥܵܵķӡô˼ڣȥڵķۣһһʮ򵽸һƽĴӣ

Ƿӿҽ׬ǮģôСǵģðҵҪԾޣ

һԭûг壬ҲͶȥŵĿ⣬˵

磬ǸѽΪǺСһǷ£֪һ£ô

󲮵ɫҲÿ ӢʲôԾ˵ôҾŶܺ͵ϱˣСǳɼãϴѧͳڴˡϾǺǷӶҲȥüǮˣת·

ż˽ţضԴ˵

󲮣Ҳ㣬ⲻǮǮ⡣

ǡ󲮸˵һ䣺

Ҳ뽫һ죬ĵطûС

˵λҲ˵Щʲôֻ˪һͷ̾

ϣ¿ôӴ

ռһӰƬ̣һԵ˵ˣ

磬ҿ£𼱣ҪŮϾ㲻ã͸˵ֱӸ׸򷿣Ժķǳͷǲͬ⣬ͳЩǮǰѺӴ˰ɡɷλء

ǡ

ˣѲ󲮵ĻñԼֶӰѷ㰡ڵ˽飬󲿷ֶǷһ𻹷ģʹɩܸ򳵣һ򷿾ͲˣҪңһǮͷծݹϵŪˡ

󲮱˵ЩҡҲz˵

󲮣壬ǰпŷҰɡ

ҪпŸʡ

ˣǸˡ

ֻһͨûһֻϾʾϢ

ãβxxxxĴת150000Ԫ

ãβxxxxĴת100000Ԫ

˿пϢ𾪵ؿͬ

СǣôǮ

ϴѧУ˵£ͬѧҳľʧѡ

壬ﻹ򣬵ԺǮٻ㡣

⺢ӣҲʮǮ졭Ҹתȥ㽫ѧҪǮ

ΪԴǵľܾˣĽǣԼĻȥˣûɡ

ȻǮˮյֲõ25תۼͻˣؼҿ̷ܾһ·һСʱҵС

ͳδõŽ˽ȥ

ĸķڵ߲㣬ȥߵԼǰʱͻȻеӵĸо

ҪԿ׿ͻȻڵſˣһòƵĴĿ˿ʣ

Сӣң

΢Цòصͷ ǵģкüûסˡ

ู˵ôǿءУæȥˡ

š

СÿһʱͻһΣȻüû˾סҲûʲôҳǡ

ĸҾߣɳڼðײš

߽˼Ϥİķ䣬Ͷ˽ɢ

ϸŵİײСƿһӳʱȫҸ

򿪳룬һᰲţ˳˵һҳճʱƬȽϾãƬĽ΢Щˡ

ڶҳһƬſɿ㣬ԲཱུСЦĻʵߵŮʱУһ˧һۡҲᡣ

ȫһеĸƬһ۲͵ƬһƬ

꿪ʼ;һ֣ƬϵһЦݣκγ֡

ֹͣڸĸµһꡣ֪Ѿᡣ

ŻȥðײǺãһ˿ǽ¡ոտʱͻȻͱͷһᣬ߱ģ

ǽȱϥͷ˽ȥֻỽ֣衭

һֱ࣬뿪صˣС̱25£۾ҲЪ˼ȥ﹤ȥˡ

ʱúܿ죬æµŵĸҲһʱ佻˸ѨCϪ

˵ǽѣ˵ϪչġСӷ˵ʲôӥצģЦá

ദ ֣ͬѧ֮䴫޶˽ĺϪͦһˡǣһһڽֱߣʱӡЩ¶˵˳

˵һ赽תѧǲģ

ϪƲƲ죬м˵УֻЩֶαɵСˣֻڱˣתѧС͵ŮԬˣǲŶԸġǲ֪ȻȥǮˣ

Ϊʲôʦأɻ󵽡

ʲôãǰһ뿪ѧУǸѵԡ

Ƕ˵㻻Ȼ·죬ŮɣҲǼٵģ

˰ɣ˭ҴֻϲشƨɴĳС㡣

Ϫһ˺üȣΧ˶ؿ˹æͷԶ

һԵһֵ˴㳦Ϫ˵

Ϫ磬סɣ̫ˣгԵĻ²ס죡

ֺЦ뵽Ȼǲܵ氡

º󣬱ҲˣCı

CȻȲAH󣬿ɺôҲǻĴѧĵһݶӣCǸרҵΪۺϴѧ

ΪҲ̸޷ǾǾɼ㣬϶ܿԼAHûҪȥһC

ƽ˲߿ѡһеҰȻרҵC󷴶ѧãʵеҪ׬Ǯ

ǵģȻС̷ނzһֱû˵ϵɱϾǸС֧СԵⲻãС̷ĸˤȣ׽⡣

С̷ނzûеźӵ淢ִͨλĶҲ֪ˣǷʱĦԽԽˡ

һԭȵļҡ

˱ζ¸ѧڿԲˣһѧһȥ򹤣׬ԼѧѺѡ

ʱĺܿ죬ѧھͽˣҲصԼϲĿĿ鼮ʼǱŽʣµԾˣҲܻǮ

ѧУʼվߡһ·ϣ˵Ŀⶼϡ

ѧһҲǸֵӰԭͱȱ˻пУ˿̴Ͼ˵ʱеĸо

Ϊ⹹쳯仯ڵᵽˣϿһһװ˳ͷȻݣҲӦ120ҵӡ

ʵȴֻ100ң˵ȥûš

վڹΧ˶Ŀֻǰ꣬עĿ

ĸƤ𪡣һ˫ۣͫɫǳһϣ᣻ͦͷɶʧУйԣͱЦʱƽֱ΢ȧͽ쵰֮䡣ֲʧ

ҵ찡úÿ

ǰúù󰡣

мλ͵͵߿ûйᣬվ³ˡ

ֻⱳôһСβͣ

ûлͷͨλѾ֪ԷǸӡ

ѵԼ̬ˣ

ûлţҲԷϸû

Ĵ󵨵ĹսһߵСǸ˼ҴҸȴ֡أôͲˣ

ڶԷŵкԴʱһס˶Է󣬽䷴ѹϡ

˲䷢ɱĺС

֣֣֡

˵ʲôӵ

ϣͣͣͣˣˣû뵽Ǹӡæ͵

ҡǺֵ̽ҾڹϿˣûԸȥȦչûж⣬ûаѽɿɿ

ģûƭңŰɡ

۵ᶼˣæƭ

Էûж⣬ɿ֡

˦˦첲˵

ϣˣ̫ˣ򶼿Ѿˡ

˭㲻ظţһΪʲô̬ɱ˷ءһ

ˣ˵㣬ҵƬ㿴ɡ

˴ӰͳһƬûʲôͽӹ˿ǰֵӣǸգȻһֹ˾̽

ǲ˽ȦഺھͰѧϰʹ㹤ôʱעֻǮ׬Ǯǡ

ڿƬʱҲڿԽԽá

˾֮ǰĻ һº󣬶ּkinoٰһѡսĿΪȥŮѡɹԾȴһţѡ߸޶ų

СϢƣεѡ߻ĶĴ󣬿ܻ󱬡

ȻҲһһֹ˾⼸ϰٵĿ˾ȡĿʼǰ£һλعϰȻе£ˡ

ӿճһֱûڹ˾ҵʵģ߲㶼ȥԱһ˷Ҳܱ˱Ĺ˾

ͬʱҲ˾еľ˺̽һÿ˹ɡ

һǰΣǸվͷ·𿴵ԼĽԼ֡ٺٺٵɵЦ

Щ֪˺׬Ǯ

ǡᳪ谡֮ǰϵ׷Ů߶ģҼҸΪ̨жŬ

֪Ȧǲôƴ룬ûκλԼǲҪȥֵĺá

Ƭ˻ȥ

ǸɵˣԼĽҪˣæ

ʲôҿ԰ȡ

ûѧκֺ赸ʵ

˾Խ̣

˵ĿֻһҪʼ𣿡

ǿԽٳɵѵ

ڼܳԹס𣿡

˾ȫа

ǡй

رһǧ壬ҿ԰ȡǧ

ôͣüһȥӰɣ

𰡣ˣйѵĻҸȡ԰֣

ˣ̶̫ˣҲȥ

Ǹۿ̶ʣæ׳ն֪ǹ˾һСˣһͨԷöǮ𣿡

ʣö٣

Ǹָͷ򣡡

ãɽҪǵո˵Ļ

˱˵Щʲôһӿɰסˡ

һ뵽ԼӦ˲оͷۡ

ش˸绰˾ܼ࣬˵ϣ󣬹Ȼذһʹ

绰ͷܼ꣬˵ҵҪʲôɣ̽

ǸĨĨͷĺֻ˵

ȱ𶯣Ҹգ͵˰ú Ľȫˡ

֤һͬǶȵƬ

̽ûͼҲûʲô޵ģֱӴ˹ȥƬȥûãܼĵ绰ʹ˹

Ǻӻ𣿱ˣ



绰һּۻۣ˫һϸڻҪ̸

Ǹջ˵绰صңڽ飬ûг䶨ûиС̡

ڴϣͻȻϵͳ֣

Σȷ

ȼAǷܣ

룺ʼɣһƬڰ




19.  Ե     ãķ޴󡭡

ãķ޴ϣ˿ƬءϡԭදﶼѰ˵ȴԭ򣬴˿ֵ

ԲֻһˮԴʨ㣬๷ԼССĲԭΨһˮԴء

ˮԴʮĵطһɽʯᾣֻӲݡ˰ɽһȺɽϢһݡ

۵ʱ򣬾ͷԼȻһֻëûĳ

ǰ񣬳ǰɫëֻȴǺɫ˼ǣǵ°ʹȻһɫСӡ

ϵͳαɵĶϴ

ΣĿǰΪŨC٨CӥĿCӥƨCͺǿƨCأĺأա

รԭǺأգǸרųԱʡ¹ͷĺأա

أջϲԹ̲꣬µĴͷ͹࣬ͻὫൽնʯͷϣˤԡ

ϣıң˹˹˵ǱأڹġԴûëҲͱʯͷʵħõı硣

ھ󲿷˵ϴ񶼴񣬺أҲ⡣

ǰֻ;޴ǴգСһŵˡԱûз

յһͷԣȥ룺Ȼ񶼳Թͷ

ڶ죬ߵĵ˶һֻƿǶ

ЩԼ¼ƬУݵķǸǳĹ̡

ȻмжʳߣΪ̬λߣв˴˷ѡҪֻһֻȫû

දСӻͿ̻żͬļ䣬еĻ۸СģеĻṥֵܽáµĽǶȿǲ̵ġ

ΪһˣûôɥĲ񣬶һֻͲԼСһﶯ֡һలҲ

ǽ飬ȷʵݺݴ

ԴСֵ֣ܳһЩͷԷԼͲˡֻأҲȥԽƵֱһҹ֡

˯еͻȻоһոУۣ¹ҫµԨڹ¡ˣס

˿ֻԶС׺أգűѨⶥ൱

ȥæץճѨԵƿԷ˳Ѩ

û뵽һﻹžһ¡£Թϵͳոôһң

ϵͳע⣬ϧɱϵͳжʧܡ

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ûϵͳֵֹĹأǽĿֻСأϡ

ǰ«ưƵѨԵһͻɽ¡ԥƬ̣Ǻ˺ģȥ

ֻǧǧշġһԼͱȥˣ˭˵

һֻأΧọ̈̄ûʲôӦͺԷˮһʤ̭Ѿ༭ǵĻУûбҲûϲá

ʶϵͳ˵ﱾڱ࣬Ϊ󲿷붯νĹ飬ֻԼһԸˡ

ʱ˺ü£ڳˣĽ̵£ɹѧ˷Уܿˡ

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ٶԼУСʱͳһֻչ׵ľ޴ݡ

ϵһṹɢʯͷצһͽʯͷץˡ

Ҫˣƿֱƿͷǹǡ

ڵĵطΪϰѾ뿪ԭɺԻƵĴҲһƬɫɳ⼸£ʪ

ĽԭصҲ̲ԶĵƽһƬɫִǨ㣬ѵһ׳

վɽϣſ˷

ΪֻҪг򣬾ƽɡʵϲһʮΪǴͷݵƽɣҪ㹻ļɡ

Ȼܹʡһ˿жͻϻȡʩ

һܣǵȴĳͻһ㣬ȶ¾һֱ൱Զľ룡ҷҡ߾

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һ·ϣΣպսԭϼꤵĲʳѾȺʱʨӣ๷Ա

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ڴһһȵʢ硣

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Դ󲿷£ҲȥͲöԸĶɼܡ

ϬţԼްԣƬ½ϣûʲôµġ

Ȼࡣ

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ϴүĲǰ޴צһͷץߣȶɡ

ɵһʯĵͷ£ͷͨͨˤС飬£ŸоԱˡ

ϢƬ̣ſһθҪʼȥѰҷˡ

֮Уֻ۾ͬɨһ۲ŵĶͻȻϡԭһƬľзһ㶫ŷȥ

ΪľȽ϶࣬Ϊ˷ֹԼѣóɨһƬ˲һռ䡣

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ϵͳΣĿ꣺ԣ

ϢɼС

ֽ½Ķͷȥķ壬һˢ˶̵֪

ԣͷǱ͵ԶģΪ沿Ѿʧˡ

һ˲⣬Ϊʲô͵ΥΪǿǿģֱӾٳͺ

ʵԶ˼򵥣һкܳһڡ͵Ϊ󻯣ȿǹȻǵڳʬᱻ

⻹ʴȵģûܵ͵̫ĥ

еװȽ͵ߣӵֱ֮ͽһЩ˺֯ĹӶַǹ׼

ǻֱɻϣǹϴļ´̱ʱĴǻŵģͻᱻȡȡ

ʱ򵱾Ԯ֯ϵѾʧѪЩǿػһϢдģģޱȣǵĺѪҺһһ丵ܡ

ĴǾȲģðܿͻڱԱעĿ¾ȥͬǵϬţҲһˡ

ǰͷˣһȦʬ弹ϵĵסʮ׵ĵط˱ǡ

ܾΪ˶͵ߣͷܵбѣҲʹʱûʳ෢ʬ塣ΪȸѾ˸ʬ

ǷʬԴԣҲиȫʬҪ߷ɣͻȻԶ¡¡Cֱ

ѵ͵ߣæɣȥ




20.  ͵   ԭƽ

ԭƽĲԭϣදسŲݣʱʱΧǱصĲʳߡ͵أ˻ĺ

һֱɻ߷λòߣžʮ׵ӡ

һʱԭˮ͹Ƿ׷ɢӡ

ȻֱɻĿ꣬ЩͨʳݶȺͷϬţһͷĸϬţںƴرܡ

ӹӵشһ󶴣һ׶ߵĳǾ޴ǹ졣Ϭţĸܵĸˡ

Ŷģֱܲܰһ㣡

һšİӣͷߵļʻԱ𵽣ŵıŰ̺۵沿
ʻԱһ׷Ϭţĸӡ

һ𷢱۵ˣһīһԽרעĿ

˼ǣƺһ̬Աȴ׳Ҫöࡣ

ʱһϬţĸҲ޷ټˡεͣνĵֿ

أأ

ǹ죬ĸϬţȻأѪȪӿʵϣȾһƬ
Ϸӵĺԣһǹ

СϬţĸײԸȥϵطûûĽȥϵ塣

ֱ¡¡أһƬ
īֱóԽʼ

÷¡Ұλ÷ˣϽȡ

ԶһԽҰ߼ۡ

еһοִĹߡŷ˹ȥΪɵ൱ߣҲ±ע⵽

׻˵վĸԶ

ע⵽ǰĲԾݳɫ֪﷢ʲô

װȫ͵Ŷӣûдֱȥⲫѡȷȥ˼ʯͷȻ·գ

һͷ͵ǣѾĸϬţֻǣʱСϬţҲѾˡ̧

ЩΪ´󼪵ʱžһ죬Ĳѿ
һԴʯͷ˳ӼʻĶϣ޴ĳֱұ˳ǿˡ

һ죬˻ͷȥֱҲһŲСʯͷ

˶ʶؿգֻкһֻ޴ӥЩҰ˵ֻӥֱס

źĵؿֱɻϧƫˡ

ֻֻӥʧʣ׷˿

ҵϵۣʲô

֪̫޴ˡ

Ҳǵһμô޴ݡ

ȻʯͷˣҺˡ

Ȼ˶ͷ֪ݵ뿪һ
Ǹīȴͷһ£һϤĸо˼ǰڻĵһοֲ䡣

ϰǰĲ׽侳ڵĻ̿ȸ֡
ϣ͹Ӷ͵ԶӶ⣬ʱ־ôϵģԹۣǷˡ

ʱ꣬Ŀ־ӿͷæкżʻԱֱ

żʲô

ûֱǹæӽ˵

ϰȸϻȥ첻ܽϬţǸһѵҵġ

ô죿

ǸСϬţߣһεᣬСɱϬţֵǮˡǰԭλͿˣԶĲվСׯǱ

˵ֱ꣬ɻﳤȥ

ʣµļ˶һۣ˼໰
һĳ

һθϵʱֱѾˣֻʣ¼

ע⵽Щ϶ǹ׼ᣬצϵĴȥ

ͻȻоԼϱݺһ£ֲǺʹһġΪϽ˲ʶԾǣæϵĶס

ɻһ˱ʹмʹ

ģǹĸ񣡡

˿˴ʲôæµĶ߿̧ͷգȻһֻӥڰ衣

죬뿪ֻˣ

˴ٶԽԽˣû£ͽʻĿռԭ
żæŵļæȥܿŲȵף۵糸г˵ĵطȥ

ʱͻһʯͷ˳ǰǣһӽϨˣΪ˳ƯͦԶ

ѵǽҪ𣿡

ѣ

ֻͷһ죬ԭһߵĳֶӡ
Ѳ𣬽ֽͬƬһֻצ̴צͬذװ

ӦһˣѸͳǹ

ӦҲ;޴󣬳⻹Ǳӵˡ
ȻҲòȥСܱյĿռ￪ǹûЩ˱ӣҲ˺̶ܴȵѣ

棬Ϊ˰ȫѾ˳⴫һУû̫ã˾Էǳٶۿɼϡ

һֱż³ж˶Ѿ֢״ҧ˴Լ֫忪ʼʹƤ¿ʼͣѪֹ

ѾûʲôʱԵˡ

һ˴򿪳ţһǹɻûеվȣһѰǹק˹һڵء

һӸ̼˳ļˣԭҲսڿɺãŵĸ˵

ۿʱһһعȥһҳŶ򿪣ͬķȥ

һƬ̣˼֮ǰˤ߻صĹߨCĸ

ûж׷ȥ
ϵͳ涨ǲһֻҪԼֱǵͷǹǣԼͲΥɱ˵Ĺ涨

˳Ҳ˶ûٹǣϾΣķķ޲ԭϣɫҲˣ˻߶ûĻˡ

»ص˳Աߣҿ˸СϬţĲûȥЧϵͳæСϬţ˹

ĸϬţѾˣСһûĸ׵ıǿлŵĵطǻһģΨһİ취ˡ

֮ǰץߵʱע⵽ԶһС룬ǾðСϬţ͵ȥӦû˱ȥҰġ

ѺСϬţЩɻǸˡ

άŵͿշУСϬţҲСȽ

ʱѾ׻˵ɽСľ룬СϬţͣͣСʱŸϵ

СҲرģǽСϬţ˹ȥ

ڣľ˵绰ûþһŵ˰СϬţˡ

Ѿ׺ˣͽһϢ°ҹһͳо
ԶȥԼԼһȺϲ֮࣬ðΣգҹУֱϹӸ·

һЩŽ¹֣ⷢȻǴȺֻʱ鷳һʨȺͼǡ

ҹҲǳüͷΧһȦֹʨȺĽԭһͷеĸӣѪζ˲ʳߡ

ĳͭǽڰػţСʱС׹ءʨȺҲѿеĹͷϾ꼾ǻûбҪƴʳδ

ˡ

Ŵ󱦱ճõ˦űӣģɰȺΪչǨĽŲ

Ҳ漴Ⱥǰ

Զ֮⣬һׯ԰һѩѵӣͶӰϵĻ棺һֻ޴ĺأƻϬţĳֳͬ

ɭľ

ǵģϰ壡ʱˣ˱µĹĸҧˣ·ϣһһûжĻʱʨҧֻǿ

ͶӰ˵ˣȻ֮ǰеһ

³һ̣ߵ˵

һЩȥֻץסЩһܸȤһһüǮ

Լɿݵ֣ϹӦ

ǵģϰ塣




21.  ס    ̫ҡ

̫ңа裬Ⱥǰ֪ԼΪ̫ض˶ˣʱעȺһһ

Сոճ죬ѾȺ˲̵ľ룬ڵСһﻹʹñӣ̽׶Ρ
ֻʱ˦ȦʱĴĲֺһˣȥĸԿ̣ŻͺԶòľһ㡣

Ⱥһͷ곤Ĵ죬ȺĸС

ĸһ˫ͬ۴۶᳤᳤ֻ

ʹԼδײĸҳְףͬ¡Ưˡ

ͣûб͵߶ϣҲǷǳˡ

˵ǲ鶯õˣںԶܵˮʳĸͨԼ׼ĴȺˮʳĵطȥ

ˣرϣҵȺѼһЩȸȺǣȥ
ʱһֻ޴ĹҰ

ĹǶ棬Ϊ;޴ҲûС
ͷ޹Ȼȫ꣬ɫƫҰף;޴

Ķ䲿λƺһҺ壬ͳĺС
ϸȻСȡ
Ȼڷڡ

ɲʲôϢڵĹ쳣ꡣûĸ£Ϭţ֮ʹĶﵱй󣬳

ĸȽ϶̣һĸ󣬹Ҳ׳ְӲϹΪĸһϣṥĸ

Ⱥ޴ĸȲͷĹ󣬸Ҫ˵ĸԼСˡ

澭ḻĸϽԶѾŵ˹Ũҵĺɶɵζ
侲֯ö飬ļͷһͭǽڣȻͲԷϲˡ

ȹ󿿽ʱĸͷȵĶĳԷ

ȻʱԣɹҲ˶ԷĶԼȺûһֻڵĸ󣬲ķֳ

ǹֻȻ볡

߹ĸ´Ⱥǰͺ;ģһ΢顣

Ϊ棬ʵֻĳ̬

ûãҵһСӣڲԭСǼԵģʪˮͳ׸ɺˡ
ͷҲͺΣմڡ

ˣ˲ԶһϣȺĶ

ĸȷСûΣպ󣬴ˮߡ׳ˮһˮȻͽ

С󻹲ܣֻܵͷѱȥӴˮһͷˮ๾һᶼûεĸñӰ

ȴǶȱˮһµˮ￪ʼԡƤԼӬҧҪspa˻Է̫ɹ

С󲻻ԼͿ࣬ĸڸԼͿ󣬸ҲͿˡ

ȺСϢСʱ̡̤

Сʱʱ䣬ҲȥԼ˵Եģͼˡ

ʱоԶЩԾֱ
ѵȺ͵

ɵһʯͷԴɲȺ⡣

Ȼûãֱǰ

ܣôֱʣ

ҲûôֵǮɣҪ֪ ϵͳʾԻĹΪʵļ۸̫࣬˼۲඼ʮʮǮһˡ
ֻһЩӾϲƭһЩԩͷ˵ҪۡҲͼϡкʹ̼ϾΥĶ붼ڲͬ

ϣ˲ԾֱȻûȥȺ

룺ʲôҪץҰɣ

Էӵʵ뷨ǳԼģ

ֱīڻдǳ⿪ǹˣ
ϰҪģ𣿿컻

ѸٳԶȥ˽һΡٶȺܿ죬ۿžҪֱ˦ں档

ʱͻоԼʹһ£ͷȥһֻؿڡ

濴ԭѾڵ档

ķǳ죬ؿڣؼϱԣƲסȶƵķһ׹䡣

ˣһΣǱɱ걾ɿϵͳʧʲôͷ𡭡

ûеȵظˤ˹ȥ

һԼأ۾ϱһ㲼ϣ챻ˣĺܽ˫צҲסĶ졣

תͷԴܱ߲䣬ķ֣ԼһܱյСռΧľͷͽĴС

ְĲ򵥲˼¾Ͳˡ

֣ԼȻץˣľ϶͸⣬һһľ䡣

צӵǺܴ֣ЩҲ벻һֻжЩǿֱϵġ

ǣ泵ӵĵгǰ棬˵ѹѵͷöԷ֣Լ

ȻɼܺãҲǵ͵Ļ˵Ҫ˵ǵҲкصĿ˰죬ҲûõϢ  

ʻ˺ܾãһ۾ӵĵľֱתƵһϡͬʱоΧƺҰϢ

ֻϧΪ裬ͿΧʲô
棬ϡжĺͰ

漫ˣͷϵ֪Щ˾Ҫʲô

µַѾû˵Ķ͵һŵϿСռͷը

ƹƹҵĶҲ־ĽͨҲͬȷϵҰ

ֳĶ̫ûʮ룬ӱͣ

űˣװ

ֻ˸˵˼䣬Ȼû˶

ֹӣԭͰʳˣл磬ֵظǷʳ

˴ķ֮һľ䣬պͷλáûзĽѾûˡ

ޣװأԭڹꡣ

ߴ˵Ļ״ڲСڡץסԴʼ˺ϵĽ

Һøոûڵһʱ˺ϵĽ

̣ûκη˳ӵֻСȸ˵ı֪Է˳⡣Сڹ¸˸ӡ

Ҳһؼĵʣ
ѲɣԼЩҪų

˺ܾõֻڹ꣬ʼܵİ취ȻԼѾ˹ûûи

Լô죿

ʱϵͳ

ϵͳʲô취𣿡

ϵͳ ɨ裬вн

ǾͣûʲôĽ

ûС

ܰɣԷ룬ܲΥ涨ɣ

ϵͳȷΥϵͳʼ涨Ϊعŵ๦ܷ



Ǹܿʵʹ𣿡Ķʡ

Уϵͳն

ʧ̾˿ԸĶԸˡ

ҪŪӣֲոһֳ󶯾һͻȻ뵽һϢĺð취

ʮСʱ󣬳ͣͣصĿĵء

ųŵĴ򿪣ľ䱻˳ȥ϶ﴵʪˮͷһͻ

ȻҪϴˣ




22.       һ·۳͡

һ·۳Ͷ٣ƾϵͳĽָʱʱ˵

һֻԱ̡

һһЩ

ЩȷҪȥġ
ںϴźʱ䣬ֻڿˡ

½½йǰжЩ׷ױװһ
ӣ򿪿һ£ȷš

ûãǾͱ͵˲֪ʲôĵط
ڿصʱ͸¶һЩõϢֻ쵽: 

оƯһ𣿡

ЩĲصǴľǸ

ޣǾϰ˵ģһͷСϬţ𣿡

ǣ֪λ

ʱĶˡ

Ҳǣ

˶ԷĶԻȷСϬţԼȥرŵģԲ̫ܳ

ľҲֻԼˡԼǱ޸ˡ

ʱһϣڶǱˡ

͸ľ϶:

һľĳһ󾪺̨װĵˣȫͬŵʿһ㣬ֻϧеĿй¶ǵıԡ

ʦôʽʼ

ȣһƷŷ޲ԭֻСԱۡ



ﱻĴ󲿷ֶǶ̣ϾСӺ졣
Щ̵ļ۸һһεĽмвĿ֮ͨͥĺզ಻ѡ

Ǯҷ

̨̨½ϵɽףضǱҵˡҡ

ڣֻʣľˡһС

һƷҲǵƷ

߽Сӱչ̨ϡ򿪣һµСӣײһЩϣһֻصСſСΪͻĿ䣬СһﲻϷ׳

ʦ˵:

λһֻ˻ͻ䣬ëɫƶ쳣˵϶һ޶Ĵڡ
ǵ˻СĹŲ׽ģλһǵĺ԰һĶһ޶ĳ

ڿʼۼۣԪ𡣡

ƺǮ˶ǱźƷģһһм۸ߡ

СʮԪļ۸ɽˡ

ѹƷˡ

ˣǵڶƷչʾ

Сľ䱻򿪣СӲһͷСʨֵؿ̨ˡ

СһرƯ¶ѩ׵ģûһ˿ë۾ҲΪͻֱɫͬӰCGģһ

СʨʵƯ֮ڳҴ󲿷ֶףȻʨǵĻ塣

һнϵҲǧԪļ۸ɽˡ

ʨȳ˸ǶһƷŨȤ

ľ䱻Ƶ̨ǰ

ʦ˵˵:

ӭλμӴ˴ᣬƷǹ˾صƷǻȫƷǳĵ׼Ϊһǧ!

̨µ˷׷¶ڴҪĿһ£⵽Ǹʲô

Ҳû뵽ԼȻôֵǮ

ߴ˿Ѿ׼ˡ

ϵͳϵͳʵ⸽ûв?

ϵͳ:ɨ裬˽ڷֶ˳ǹ⣬λ

ǾͺãִϣѾˡһ뵽·ߣ޾׷ͷʹ
ԼҲҪŪʲôˣһ⡣

Ƽ̣ʵѾθʴ˺üӿڣϾθǿùͷԵģȻֻҪһ߾Ūϣ

һӺ赲ߵһľ屻ж¡Ӵ¶ڵƹ֮£ۣϯľ

ҳһǧ!

ҳһǧ!

һǧ!



ƺԺļֵڳЩ˷׷׽ۣʦЦĸˡ

̨еϰҲЦøһ

ǣ˶ûע⵽ĽӿڴѾ쳣

̨¸߰ؽмʱͻȻ͵˺˵ľչɡ

صأÿһ˶뾭죬ϵͳɨĶǵǸˣһǹԷѶɵĲ⡣
˿ν޴ֻ޴ſͬһ赲˵ƹ⣬̨˴ȥ˾޴һƬӰ

ʱ䣬ûЩˣһʱɵ򣬽ǹ˹˸顣

ӣֻǰţͽӶסԱߵšŲһ߸ҪŵˣƵضס˵ڶȡ

Ŵ!

һӣЩԭ绽Ĵ׷ױͷܡ

ÿӹһΣͻһ˱צϹ˫ۡ򱻴ùǣﵽٶ£ͬĩյӰһ㡣

û£Щͬ׵ĸеޣεװ
ھ֮£ɶ˵޼¡

!Ǹ

ⳡı˽Сʱȷһ©

ϰ壬֫ŪϹ۾
һȽģֻεˣҲûзŹ

һǳص⣬ЩСͲֿﶯô졣һδ߰

ϵͳʲô취Щ𣿡

ϵͳ:ɿռ䴢

ڵϴˣԼ⴫ײæƻ˵ƹ⣬ںڰ֮Уϵͳ׼Ŀռ䡣

ѶŵߣŴʱ˳ȥſڵһʱ⧲ĳײø䡣

ɱֿʱǹ

ٶȹ죬ֿĶһԶײƴˣֻʣڵ泯տǹܿŭ

ɵУŷ֣ȻһƬĮ
ոУҲһеľ޴ű

űֻһ·׵ǣׯ԰Ա߾Ȼһͣƺͣʮֱļ˽˷ɻ

룬Ƿȥׯ԰ҳһ࣬Ͼ˼ߣЩ

ȵλ˵ʿǣԼ̧ͣƺʱȴ־ûһܷɵˡ

ѾԶ߸߷ˡ

û뵽ǣԭʧʵϮׯ԰丶֮һ档ﳤȥ

һһеϿգҵĵط
ڣҵˡ

һҵ׶ҪҵľǶ԰ЩĶ󲿷ֶǲ̣ܶԲԾԼǴزԭܲˡ

Ψһİ취Ѱİˣ࣬ǲһ˿ȥϣ

Ŀ֮£˼ֻͷˣȥѰһеĶ԰߶

Ȼ콵ӥͻҲ˷ϣѵۡ

Ⱥ޴½Ǩ˸飬ڲԭϸ͵һֲ˵˳ʧգѾɡ

ѾصԼķ䡣ͳֻһȻԼƵڡֻ˼Ĵ󲿷˶š

ˣԵٶ𣿡

գǺأգôһֻЦ

һֹ޾ء



һʱ䣬黹 ͷ˯




23.       ࣬

࣬ήҵʱ򡣲нֵĿȹԼ

Ŷľˣżɽ˵:

ǹ˾Ǳ߿ǵô

ǸմƺǺЦ:

ԭ˾߶ˣ߷ֳɵġãǴӦֳɣģ˾

һûдﵽԼҪĶ԰ֳɡҪߡ

Ǹæ:

Ӵȱߣ˵꣬Żݡ˵ţֻӹİͳ˺ͬݵǰ

״Ҳѣʼͬ

һͬͷҲЩ⶯֮ǰûоЩȦҲһ֪ɵͬʱҲȻݡաӰԴȶ֣ɴԹ淽棬˾Ըòɡ

ͬбʾĺԼ֮󣬲Ļ˾ԼĹҡ
ڵĸѵءơԱɹ˾ܶĸҵһ˵Ǽջġ

ǱһЩɣϾͷ˾ͷ֧ƱΪҲ١ºͬʵ:

ǹ˾ôƶһ?

ǵȻܼȦĻ۽𾦣ǶּŵĽƾˣΪ˾ϵǹ˾չǸսܣ֪˾䣬ںܻǸһŮȣжСͼϾġ

ȻעȦɾǻšЩϤ֣ü:

ҼǵǺǹ˾İɣ

һʰѶǸոסˣεЦЦ˵:

ǰǣǰǡⲻԺǾù˾̫ˣϴ˾˾ͽԼˡ

ŶϳЦһ£ԭǹ˾Ǹ˲ذ

Ǹչ:

ϰҲʶԼĲ㣬ڹɶʱ򣬽˵ȨȫƽܼദԲݺͬ

һҲһЩģʵ:

㲻̽ôͬ?

Ǽְְ̽ǹƵľˣΪ˾˲ԡ

ǩ꣬ҵѧҵô죿

ģͬʮдˣǿƸԤѧҵ?

ҸѾҵˣ

ǻһѧڲŸ߿𣿡

Cˡ

ǸһЦ˵:

ã!Cԭ㻹ǸѧԣҲǸ㣬ҵøܼ˵˵ҵɡ



ӦǸȥ˹˾һγʱ򣬾Ѿ˺ֵǩԼˡ

һº󣬹˾ȥѡĿҲ쿪ʼˡǱϣܾȥ˾ѵס˾ˡ

ĥǹǳʲô˵ģǸһͶס:

Ϊѡмʵ?ֻҪѧģƾ˵ҲһƱ˿ӴԣӰӾɾ׶ˡ

ˣҲٶ໰ǳ׬Ǯģûʲôΰ룬λȥС˵
ͷ¥ʱ򣬷ǰ¥ݼסڰɳҲûȥվתţͻȻһ:

С!

̧ͷһԭɳ̫أ˰˹ĿƣֵͬҰһײƲҲС

еˣΪ罫ʱֻ޳֣򵥵Ķһεسס»ɳ

˹׷뿴ʲôϡһۿ˹ĵֿ۾޴صɳæţǸ:

˼˼Сӣû°ɣ

ǿ̧ɡ

ŹǵıӰԼ˼С

ûĽ򡢼䴢Լ

ʱˣ⹦̫ͷˣһ򿪣ϢӿԣġġϡŹֵġøû׼Ӧ͸ˡҪѭ򽥽Ӧ

䴢ڴĳ䴢棬һĹܣһӾܳΪһ浵ˡ

ֱӵĻǾõ˴ϴʱܿӨƤ̲űһ㼡⣬ô㼡ӵ˾޴ΪҲõӡ

˵ǰǿ120ϳֻ100Ļھǿȥ120ϳ160ˡ

ϣС̻ؼҵʱԼǩԼ˵ˣС̷˺þãȷϹ˾˾󣬲ŵͷ

ڶϣöȥ˾ᣬСҲҪһȥ

ɵӣⲻǵ㱻ƭ㡣˳㿴ǻô

˾סΪصˣֵһĸʽ˼䣬ҲʡէѵĦˡ

С̷ָſʳãŷĻȥ

ϣС̾Ⱥ绰ѭϰϰߣ˵Щûο䣬ЦŹ˵绰

ϣڼǸտеܼࡣ
Էһʮˣһ˿۾ŵһҲȦˣѧʦ

Էһ۾֣æк£˵:

ãǰɣǺܼ࣬ҽʹ顣

Խ˹?ɻ

ɽʴȵʣԽ˸ԽˡƺĻϰΪԷЦŻش𣬡˵㱻C?ԺǾУˡ

ҲЦŵͷԷʸоƻթˣûһʶˡԷԶҹʱ̫ˣҲûдӦȥϢˡ

ڶȥѵս߽洫ĽŶ롣

һһŮſڿ

Ůȥʮģ㡣һͷ裬Ŵ綼Ƚ˷硣һƶʮңĸģ˧ʱҲһͷı

ǩϰǰɣǸǵ赸ʦҽţҲԽŽ㣬ϰôҵġ

Ů߹֣Լֶ˵:

ι˾źȥμѡˣڹ˾ϰˡ赸ѵ㸨ˡ

ǸһۣЦŵͷӦ:

ҽոռ빫˾֮ǰûʲô赸ͳ蹦ףʱܾҪ鷳ˡ

ûã˾ĵһˡ赸ѵĵһÿΣԣԭˡ
ѹȵʱСʹܲ˼ǵ˵
û뵽һȥˣüͷûһ¡

ž:㲻˵ûѧ𣿡

:ܡİɡ





Լڲͬô¡ĺá

ź֣ļ֫ǿס˽赸һͼסˣࡣ
ÿ̫򵥣ֽһ΢һЩһģҲһģµ߰˰ˡ

һӿɰ˾Ȼˣĵ:ѹֹ˾ѡȽü޵ʱ򻹸ǩһˡֱһ񰡣

ʱúܿ죬һգ֮䣬ѵҲӽβ
赸棬ڸı幹죬ԳƵǸţ־ˡ

ߵȫΨһŵžķιǿɤŴˣԸһ¸

kinoѡĿϰ2¼ˡ

ʱȴͻȻӵ˱õĵ绰

ιʵ

Ȼͷű˵:

СǸ磬ڡһ˰ɣˡ




24.       ӵ绰ġ

ӵ绰ͷͻȻһæʵ:

ôˣǼ﷢ʲô𣿡

绰ͷ:

ڵϰ࣬ڷݵúͻȻըˡһƬˡ衭

ʣµĻû˵ȥҲ뵽ʲôˡæο˶Էִ˵绰Ǹգ˵﷢˼£Ҫϻȥһˡ

һСʱĳ㵽·ֳԭϾɵŷѾһ˷档ӺصλȫȣΧۼһȺȺڡ

ۼ⣬ҵվڱըٵĵſڵıܱáʱ޴

Ⱥȥ

ôˣС̷̺أ

һ⣬ܺ۾Ҳһָŷ˵:

Ǳˣ֪ûСš

鼱֮£Խߣȥʼڷаˮ飬ΪѪҺӿͷûעԼ

ΧһСӾȻôһѾͰһ鲻Сˮ飬żİˮʱһǰץסĸ첲

Сӣʲôأﲻܵĵط뿪ԱߵĽȶҵ㡣

һˣԭһڻҵԱͿȥǺܴ󣬺Ϲ˺飬һսĳζԷ쳣ࡣ

Ҳ侲һЩԴ˵:

磬ҵˣҰæɣܴ󣬲ҵġ

ʵԱͿĹ˿̿еĺѪ˿˱ϵҲЩݡ

ðɣᣬҪȥ¥ԱߣʲôһҪ档

ãлл

˴ϣ뵽λͳǿۺʹáܿȷС˵λãѹڷ£ǣ˻

˲ƱƵΣգʼĵط

ʱһԵԱһ˫ףʾϡ

ûһͳһͷ:

С̷̣û°ɡ

û˻Ӧܿ洫Ӳйɵûϲ⣬֤ܶ!æӺ:

!˻!˰!

ԭڴ֮ǰԮӾѾ̧һȥ̻Ҷ䡣һɤɸ˴һǿļ

Ҳ˹ʼ׼Ӫȡ

ЭСʱһˮ屻ƿ¶˿ռˡ

ʱӢѾĿ

ƿˮı:ڵϣɷ˫ֳŵأϡϱѹ˸ʳƷӣѾұΡɷײѪڵء

ʹӱŲҲûʲô񱻰ͣһΪӳһƬռ䡣

ż̲ˡ

ȻһԵȺʱ̧ҽԺХȥ

Ҳ˾ȻҽԱϴλߵĿڱǻ򵥵ļȡ

͸ʱûΣգԭ״̬ɳųڻŵһԵҽԱΪʲôë

ҽõҵĵһʿӣ:

˭˻ļǩ֣ȥǰ̨ѡ

ңŮǰű׼ǩʿ¿һۣʵ:

㻹ûɣδ˲ǩ

ıʶסˡӹʣʻʿ:

Ҹպóˣҿǩ𣿡

ֻҪֱϵͿԡ

ʧһ£ҡҡͷǩֱʣ˵:Ҳǡ

ʱһ:

ǩ!

㰲Ťͷȥȵ:

!

̷Žĸף̫̫һͽӹǩԼ֣Ȼ󽹼Ŀҡ

̣վˣϢһ°ɡ£ʱҽԺǱִһνɷѣ㰲Ѿȥпʹˡ

ڵȴڼ䣬̳һۣЩʵ:

˭Һ?

׼̣

Ŷ㰡ô඼ʶˣ֪ĻΪҶӿˡ̫̫Щ

!ҡҡֱֹ̫̫ۣ˵ȥ

ûдȴ̫̫СԼΪĴ治Ϊϱ֮仹ìܣЩ궼ûй

Ϊ˲̫̫ˣҲͼšʮӺ㰲ڴпˡæ˵:

һȥѰɡ

пʾʱŷ֣ЩŽ򸾸ûд¶ǮϾѧĺӣҲǲ²
һˢͲˣˣҲըûˣԴҲˡסԺѺҽҩҲһʿ֧

ŴпĬıܣ˵:

Ȼȥһ£ȥ취

һ¥˼£ͨʹĵ绰:

˼ܼ࣬ˣп𣿡

а㲻ٻȥ𣿽ĿϾҪ¼ˣɲҪʲô£ðʱع˾

ȷЩ顣˵Ĵžһ£һҧһĨίر뷨:

롭빫˾ܲԤҼʡ

⡭Էû˵붼뵽жΪѡ

æ:֪Ҫܹ֣û취ˣֻҪ˾Ӧҿǩһݺͬûϵ֮ǰĺͬϡ

ˡԷĻҰʰɣһ¡˵Ҷ˵绰

̨ϣᵽʲôĶꡣȻ;ĩ·ʱŻΪѧĪĸо

ʱΣĵһݰ棬ÿʵȭЩͲֵһᡣ

æ˽

ʹ:ϰܾ ת㡭š̫ôߡ

Ϊ·вͨʱ򣬶Էһת:
ȻԤ֧ʣǣҿԸǮ㿴ô

𣿡 

ţȻҸתǮ

ллллܼ࡭Ժ׬Ǯˣһʱͻ㡣

ʹ˵绰ǰ˵˵ͷ

˵:㻹ͷİǮһأ

һϰԲҵ۹⣬㲻ܲ
˵ţʹ齫ʼǱת˹ȥĻ裬Ƕ׼̶ȡԡȫڷִ֮С

Ǹոѧһµ?ʹ鷴ʡ

ϰȻ޳ʹƻصΪǲòϣĺ̨Ŀⶼϡ

ôûл֮ǰ˭˵׼

ʹ֪Լ˾ϰ彪ܣȻֹ˾ϰһЩëģһڽֵ쾡¡
ȻҲ·һһŮ˺άϿԼ涨Լڸ߲㿪ʱۣӮ˴֧֣

ϾܼǸعеģֻǱ߽ϡغͱ׼ֱǻˡ

ɲʧ

һͷյңתʱǡ˵:

ѽҵĶӣ˵ǲҪɨǣʲô

ʿѵ:ˣӰ첡ˡ

룬˳ȥպС̱˳ҽ˵ûʲô⣬ȫûصˣöþˡ

̷ûҲ˳Ϊأ˵ǺԣԲ֪ʲôʱѣĴѲˡ

űʹѵˣ˵:

Ǯ飬ǲҪģѾ

ˡ̫̫Ļǵļ£ȻʹˣЩҲ˵ǮеݽԺҳе ֻҪҶӺúõġ

⻰һϣ촽˰û˵ʲôֻĬĬظ˺档

ллأС̾ˣһϵĴڶľƣȥ˹˾绹ҪʰϷɻ

Ϊ죬ϰǾҪˡ




25.  ͻ볲     Ϸɻ

Ϸɻ¼£ͻȻͽӵϵͳ:

SȻĹҰϻҰȺ֡ʼʮǷܡ

ܡ

ã



ʮĻĹոսãǰٷϾˣչʱ

ȶ˿ǣصìܣҲҡ
Ϸɽ͸ϡ٣ϰս˹ԼԵĶֻÿѻĵءϹ޹·ԭҰϢرѳƬ

ԽԽأϰΪܳԱɽԣ»ȶʳ⶯ԽԽ١

Щ޳Բʳݼ󣬱ϲײʳЩϻϲϲࡣ

֮ͳҽѧڻǣ֮ҩĵĴԼԻƤ

ۺԭ֮£ǻͨͨΪҪĴڡȸҲΪ

Իϻڶ̶̵һʮڱɱʣµĸ֧ŲȺķܣϻĶޡ

ҰϻΪϵϻ֣ҰȺֻʣ¶԰ﻹһЩһ̶ܵ˻Ⱦ

˱֪ʶٴۣѾΪһֻϻ̡

ʱڰգϷ괫ء

ĸڸѨҰһǳѵ£Σ̫࣬ĸ᲻ͣظѨΪڴһطΣգ㲻ȫûһ̶ֻʣ

ĸһ̥һֻ׻Ѿȫۡ
͵ĴСֱԼ϶ĸÿʱȥԣеʱܲҰӣеʱҰʱ䶼ǰһˣʲô

ͷҪķѾ޴ĸˮԵ

ĻͱȵܵôһЩ;żֻСģռˮġ
ȻͲԼ⡰硱ƾǻҲܸлأŶԻĿԽԽռϷ硣

СֻĸԴܵʱǿҲ͵ڣڱ

״֪ÿһֻĸδܳΪȺϣеʱԱˣҲóһλæϴ

ʱȥһ࣬ĸȻľ޴󸺵£ֻֻ̡Ȼǳ壬Ѿʼˡ
Ϊǣһĸ֮һء

˿Ҳ˽׻ǲԵʱˣлĸҲҧ

ѨѾϱĸɽεһӹȵشһҰȺ

ĸʾ׻Ǵű𶯣ѹӣһһ㳯ҰȺèƶ˼ãϢ ĸͬһλḻĴ̿ͣĿ귽Ǳȥ

ϻ쵵·ͬȻıɫڴظעⲻ

أҰǻڹɳԵķΧڣĸͬһȥ֮Ѹͣٶ֮ҰӦ

Ұ±ӵʱĸһĿ꣬˵ϣһ˺

ûһҰ˼ȣû˶

ɱǷǳɹģԤУȻ״̬ϻĲʳɹֻ5%20%һѾǷǳˡ

ӹȵش̫ĸĴֻ̫ۣýȥҰϵ̹ʳ

һĿڳԱϢͻȻɽͷǹ

?һ඼ûнӴϲ⡣ܿ췴ӦһֻϻˣҲûʲô³ο໹ǹ

ĸͺ˴һ㣬æֻ̳ɽȥ
Խɽͷƽ̹ĵԽ٣ҲԽ١

һĸһֱɽơ

Ҫ֪ͨϵͳϣסΪʲô˲ϻִֻô챻ϾɱѵͲܶû˵ɽ

ʵⶼֻǵƬ֪ѡ
ϻΪʳߣҪԼʳﶼǷǳӴ֡
ϻ;޴Ľṹظ񻨱һڸߺ붸͵ɽƽء

ϻĵط󲿷ֶǺӹƽԭ֡ԼشЩطǡǡĻ켣߶غϡ
֮಻ĵطϻҲ档

Ҳ˻ͻĻᡣ

ĸƺ࣬Ŀ־壬ͣɽǨоͿɼһߡ

ֻϻߺ󣬵ڶ죬ǲʳҰĵطͳһˡ
Щ˶˰ǹǣżԹЩԹǻı԰Ȯѵ쳣׺ݺϷһЩطϲΪɽȮ

˶һ뷢׵˶ӿʼҰĹͷûһһ:

һͷĸϳӣټֻ

ı?һʵ

ҡҡͷ˵:

ֻܽƻž֮ǰ˵ͷĸϳ档⸽ͷϳѾǴˣʣµļֻĸϳܵܣֻ˼ֻӣҲܲԶ

ûпɽ?ʡ

˰ڰ֣Ц:

ܣҴһԣû˱ҸЩҰˡͷߣ˵ҰӶץ

ͷĸϻ˼ֻ̣ģԼȻȥġΪģСѲһͿˡ

һͷĸֻѾ߳˺Զӵ룬ƽ̹ĵطԽԽ١ѾϵĶ͵ɽ¡

ɽµĽǶȴ70ȣϻ˵봹ֱɡ

ḻĸǰ棬ֻӸĲߣ£˿и
ΪһͿܵȥ¿ɽʯ滹һխļϪһֻǰûк˵ĵ·

һǰΪǴƻֳԲȽݣߵɡ

ڵڶϴкüβʧ֡Ϊ˵ǻۣҲߵȵ

СʱڵĿĵء

ԽһʯͷµĵطͻȻĸ˾֮⡣
ԭ±ڵһͷһƽĴɽ¡һȥҰҰݣСϪֱһĺȥ

ĸһ̳һطȥһɽ

ɽŵһֻϻζܵ

Žȥ֣Ȼһͷȥϻʬ͸ˣֻʣһЩɫƤëͻǡ

ĸյʬǰ£Ϊصز˲ʬڲԶſϢ

ϵͳ:

ϵͳæһ£ͷȥϻĸʲôϵ

ΣDNAȥϻĸΪֱϵӹϵ

ԭĸĸסԼֻġĸˡ

ϻԺءһ£һֻǿۻռһ޴ڣмֻĸ䷱ֳ

ĸ̺󣬳Сᱻ𣬾ĸ𣬴󹫻ҲỶӭԼ
ԸճĹԶأ⿪һƬء

ճĴƻ԰ĸףпܣԱĸỮһŮ
Ҳϻɱ¾̿ͣһټɡ

ûƻǸԶһɽ£ͬǽΧĳǳأ͵ɽ־ǳǽһʱǲῪˡ

ϣܶһЩĵطϻĻһƬһԴɡ

ԺڳˣϵͳΥ𶯾:

Σ»עա




26.  ˻ͻ        ƽġ

ƽϻһĸԼӳ󣬾Ϳʼˡ

սḻĸѹֻճĶᣬϴԸ뿪ıס
ҪʶȤĶ࣬ĸʱѾ뿪ĸصıԵ

ʱһұ£ϵͳĻ죬һûе޴󻯻򡣱Ͼɽ̫ɲǻʲôơ

˵ģϵͳ¿Ļܡ

֮ǰٶȡ޴ϵͳΪSǰġ

һһҹһͷ1.5ף峤5ףβ7׵ľ޻ɽ

ͬʯܰӲС

צʱʱչ¶âͬذһȮݣƿɴ͸κζķֱֲɱ¾
СڶߣѾ£˿ɽȥ

ȶҪһЩʹ˺ܴĲ㣬⻹ֻ죬û޴󻯵ĺߵ쳣Сġ
ڵȶҪҪʳҲ٣ո£ע⵽һֻϪߺˮӡ

ĵؿӡ

ò˵ֱ죬֮ͻΪһ壬ʹĶҲûвĿ

ƺۺ˱ɫ ԼëƤ˹ѧԭ֮£˾޴;Ȼ۶

糣ԸĴûֹʼʩĲʳһͷҰ

Աʼ·շһɽͻȻԶϻĽ

Լ;޴ƵԴȥ
ûпϻıǼᵽһŨҵѪζ

Ϊ˽͸ľ֮Ŀ϶һͷϻԭ궯ˡ

ڸͷϻΪתһȦָûˡ
½䱸߽ͷϻ

ԭԭشת궯ϻͻȻоһ˿ͬϢоԷʮǿ

ķӦˡֻϧһֻצסˣѲԽǶＸ֡

ǿҲȥαװ¶

Ӵ̿ɵͷԲַֻɻſڵһҲ
Ҷ

צӰ⿪ףɼǵһȦ˿ڡ
ʱ㲻ȾҲΪʧȥ

ϵͳæһ°ɡ

ãƲչܿ

ӺͷϻԼȬĺצӣɻؿǰֻͬࡣͷСС۾ɻģȻԵЩȡ

̲סѻͷȥˡ

ͻ¼ҲĽƻɽ壬ףװżʡ

Ϊ߳ɽֵĹУʮϸĹ۲޵ϣûµ塣˾Ͳˡ

һһҹĽų̣ɽԽڼ˵ټ

վϣбһɽ꣬ɽĵطһӡԱһأֵĺǺһСϪŷ

Լҡڵ߽ӡ

һĺ߷ػʯͷɵģҪǽǻ͵שݶľͷϸƬ
һǳ͵Ϸɽӡ

̨ʯɣԽʣ˳̨ȥŴʱţŮ˵

ͷ̽һһ̫̫СĺӹƲһ̶࣬ľǸڰæջ

۲ţһСİڵŸײˡ

Ÿ֨˵Ŀⶼ˹

̫̫ǯӣǵߵǰĺԷܿԼ

鿴̫̫һֻŲż ַţŻǯ÷:

죬ϳӦòסĵط

һᣬžİŹϣ˨˨ϵ

Ҳ׼뿪

ڵĻϷɽɽСӣҲСأһũڡһ˼Ҷס

ɽɽɽ Ϊ˴ͳԱƫƧСɽ壬һɽͷһ˼ ֻŹ

ҲĲΣգһʲô£סɽ˶ȡ

뿪ûԶǻ˼ң̫̫СĿ޽æ˻ȥ

һֻϻϣצľš̫̫ţžƲҪþͻᱻȥˡ

Щϸͷϻһֻ䣬һǳİ̺ۣǵ߿ģһͻ۾

˻ͻʵʵӾǰֻܸæȥֹ
ˡһֻһ⣬һ¿ɰˡΧһƬûκǶҰ޵ֱʼĵط

໡

ž!

໡໡

ž!



ƲһֻˣβͣĶӡƶʱǲˡ
ߺŷĿһĻ̫̫òŴţ֮ſֽǮһɡ

ߣһɽϣ˴ľ
ƻ֮ʱӶһƬ֮УӲǺܶ࣬ɽĶŶҪöˡ

ƺһãҲ˽ӡڶˢʱı

ͷвδҵˣϡסɽĴǣΪ˰ȫŮԽؼҡ

޹˼﹡ϣ뿿һЩȴͻȻðһȻССҲ쳣ķһٿ͡

ɭ֮Ϣ־쳣

ɽũ壬ƽ޹ҽеȥˣǶ붯֮һϢĽҲЯһЩϢûãĹҲ׷ܹлвɽȮ

Ǿÿɣү˹һۼط÷ӡɫ䣬¹۲һҴææˣһܻһߺ:

ϳ!

״ҲҶයѸ뿪
׻˵ƴӻȥ磬Ĺڲ֪оʧȥζ

ûô򵥵ĽվڲԶɽţһѴŻѣΧצӡ﹡

ȫ˼ˣʮʮģ֯ɶ飬ǹʼΧŴӼ顣

Ȼһ񣬲Ϊϻмһ쿪˼ǹǹɽּεһƬء

ûãҲ׺ˣȡ̫λãʼչ

ŴʱʱĹǷҹȥׯ￴һ뷨ɽϢˡ

ڹľһͻȻж춯

͸õҹһȺҰߣûмǴĻɽ沿֣һƬбºء

պҲˣǾظȥ

һŹεƬϰΪ˷ֹҰƻׯĶ
Ұһ򹰵ƬŵƬͻᵯҰܡ

ֻ취Ҳû̫ãʱˣҰҲͲˡ

һͷҰлһͷĸҰһȺС

ҰĲֺʱȻĿĸҰԱȽǿ̧ͷ˿ɽϣȴûʲô
ʱΪϴɽ磬ĸҰıӲһЩһζæʳ̿ʼԱߵľꡣ

ͷҰûôˣûСгԣͷҲˣͼȥҧһͷҰسһҹ˸ĵط˯

ڶ糿ӵӿȥȫŮ׶ڴһյϣһ˽ɽڡ

ǣ

ԼԼ:򻢶ӡۡ

Ҫȥˡ




27.  ϵ   խɽϣ

խɽϣһɽһǺӡмСϣһװС

ͷһϡˣ׵ĺ빵ݺµ㼣ͷϴһƤñ²һ˫ɫĽЬ

Ьӻм£һǲģҼϿһϾɵġһ鲼ڴǣһƥһȺٵĺӡ

ǽɽɽϣһ鲻֪ľʯ·ӵһƾʱڴ˵ˡ

˶ʯһͷһ֪ĻϻĿضǡ

ȫװĴ򻢶ӣ֮ǰɽΣעĽµľʯͷһ⡣

һСʱӿٶȣ˴򻢶ӡʱĴ򻢶ѾһСʱһյϢĸСӱ

룬Ѹٳɽȥ

ʱʱĴ򻢶Ѿ̣һһͬưصɽ

򻢶ͣ˽Ų׷׿Դ롣

ϵǡϳУһ򻢶ӵʵ

ͷϵͷǣǸһ

ǻɽȥ𣿡

ˣȥǸʲô

˵꣬˿ʼ޵¡

ϷɽֲûʲôɹȥĿռ䣬߳ϣԴڵöʵʵء

һ飬Ӧųɽͷϻһ̵Ȧÿﻹһӣ໥ϵ

СʱȺڿԴĵطҲȴʱ

ףͿȥǺܴ󣬶ʮͷӡһ˵

ǿӣ㿴һ򿪿ȥûġ

ȥϵ˵ģܵж

ʲôô˽ɽʲôϳ涼ˣþû򿪿ˣʵǲˣ˵ǻǹء

˵꣬ӱ뿪飬ųҰȥ

˶Ǽ׵ĵطһֻ޻Ŀתضǡ
򿪿Ѿв͸ը˿ڣһЩطҲСը

ϲ ȣѲ湴

ǹڱϣڳժӡʱֻоһӹǹȻƾնϿһ׹˵ϡ

ӼҴҵػͷȻ֣ǹ֧ƾնֻһڣ

ӽŵ˿ĭֵ»ˡ󺰣

ǿӣ

ôˣǿӵǹ˹ŵ϶ϳڵǹ˴۵Сۡ

׼֪ͨ˵ʱǿǹҲͻȻʲôǰקһ㣬Ӳ䡣

꣬Ҳϳڵڵϡ

ݣͬʱŵĿļšűΧ·ǸصĹһͻᱻҵ

ƴӣٶ
ԶҲʼӣһһҲԹĺУɽͷͳ͹

ŲԶ˺Ȯ׷׸ϵһ

˿̣ǴԼʮ׵ĵط˴ӣԭϵļˣ׷׳Ǹȥ

һ·ϴԽ̴ԣ¶ƤһЩ˺ۡһȻǿһǹ֧ѳڡ

һ˰ϻûд򵽾ƽ޹ʧȥİǹǴҪĲƲ

ڰΧһ˵һЩ

ϵô£֮ǰɽûĹ£

᲻ɽ񣿡һ꽲ɽԬ̽ϳ棬ȻɽˣֽǮ

һˣһ˵

УҪҽңַ⽨Ҫá

ô졭

곤ϵһֱû˵ϵġһ˵

ϳ滹ҪΣͷȻûҵǾͲˡǼȥһġ

һɽ½żϣɽߡ˼Ƭ̣Ҳɸȥ

Ƕ޵ĴڣȮƥ겻ʱʱͣҽеԹһЩ룬ḻϵҲʱʱͷ

ֽȥԶ򻢶ڷһͷϻ

Эϻһһر;ĩ·ͷùϻ֮ǰϮ̫̫һҵǡһֻ

ȴ򻢶һҵʱ֮ﲻ

ֳϤظоһסˡһֻֻ֫أͷ­¶ʾ

ųϻϵһʯҪ߶Լת˳ȥ

һλǺϴβսһ飬һӦ

룬ʼʩֻٻһǹٻһʱҲӦ˹ӵţʱ׼ǹ֧֮ʱӵȥ

һҲ׼˵һǹʱͻȻнԼС

ͨоԾǡʯң

ãعͷϵ֪ʲôʱվԶմ˰ɫʯҡͬӥ

Χڳļ˷׷׿Լǵģֱӿ
ΪʯմƤëϣ̽ƻˡѹŵˣ˶û׼ǹˡ

ͬʱҲע⵽еĿ־塣

ӦҲڳ˶û˿ǹǸ˵Լǰ

ݴ˼Ѫһ˿ĸо·ԼŵǿϺõţѪѹһһȴ

֪ǣڴ򻢶ӵǸʲôĿ´ڣ

ʯĲǺܶ࣬һԳԭͣһȫ͸ʵѪȾһŴͣʮֿɲ
ֻڴ򻢶ӵˣ֪ʲôͶӰͷֵľ޻žˡͬС˵е֣ʵѱ档

ʹǴһԵϵҲûôһĻ

һˣһܹ۲ΧĻϵСĲȿʱ֪ˡ

ʶ˹ȥһȥǹܵͬһ죬һˡ

һȷû˸ϣ˸ĵطʼȥϵʯҡ

ڴ򻢶˵νʦʧǹ˵һˡֻæӣ׼ش

ëվһʯͷϣŴ򻢶ӳɽ

ô£ϵأ

Ѳ

ҡҡͷܣ֪ﻹϻһɽ֣²

룬˸εĵطϢ

ƽµĹȥ죬򻢶ӵûһνɽһֻҲ˳ĳΪСܡ

磬޵䣬ܾʲôԾ¹۲һȴҲûзʲô쳣ɽȿˮ

ͻȻĸһʹ

ͷһȻһöɫʽķڡٳԴؿȥԭ͵ֲУͻȻһѲݶ

ΣȻʧϵֻͿ̣ͷϱճҰݿҶɢһŨҵֲζ˶ıӡ

ϵһĴܡ

һӣʶã⣡

ǶԷôԼΪʲôֱӿǹ

˿Ѿ룬ΪԷѾˡӵŵࡣ

˴˿̾һݷõĶߣҪĶι




28.  ҵ(Vʼ)     

ּ, ½Ŵķ磬˿⡣

ʱŸոУŶ˺ڶǹ

أһǹ㿪ˣ뷨һʱǶ, Դ˻ǹҩĹ, ȥ, ڶǹҩӰ죬ʹԭٶ

һǹ, žʹˡӺһ£¶ڡ

ŴźӧĶڣ룬ϵ˵óȻǹݾ, ˶Ҳ֪ʲôʹ, һС为Ѫ˿ڴûʲôá

Ļȵǹ, ʱѾƤͬƾտһ÷Լ͹, û˵ͷ, 

ֻηԼģ

ûһҵ˴𰸣ԭԼϳһһĲ״̰ߡ

ϸ, ͷصĵطԼϵɫƣۺԼĻΧ

ܾͷ, Ϳ޵ߵ֦Ҷϣϵ¶ˮմԼϣʹԼʧЧ

òϣ˵ǻۻǲһ㣬⾭ḻˡŲöͻҵˣԼ취һжҲ֪õʲô

ϵͳܰæһ𣿡

ûкϵͳֻ

⣬ڶҪɷΪǼ׻İ׳ƶǿ;޴ҩСӦرңʱΣգ

ˣϵͳʱָˣϢûΣա

ע⵽ľĶǿ찡ôӾ׷ˣ겻ɢ

˿Ѿɱɭ֮ȻһϡͷƵĵزʵš

Լ̫УΪҾи 㷭

أ

һǹߵһӽһ֦Ѿ

ڣͷƫˣ񵯻һ㳯˹ȥӭһʯҡĸол֮ĶһԴǰצȫֳˡ

ͷһ¿㿪һˣǹûлҩ˵ϣ벻ݵСѸٵĶ

һצ˭֪ԷͳһѿǰֻøıצӵķȥĶԷ֡

ͷһ񳤵ָͷצӸˡ

ϵսɣ˭Ǳġ

վһʮᣬͷϾʹˣӦڶʱľкҲٶȡצһĵ˿˿ڡ

ۿԼҪɥڣͷ꾣ֿŹ͵һˣ˳

ֻצɰסͷֲȮѾӽԷĲӡȴͣ

һϵͳ涨ֱɱˣԼҲ뵽һİ취æѯϵͳ

ϵͳûпֱϻ˵ļܡ

֣޴˼ܡ

˽Ĺаɣ

Ե粨Ϣӹܣʵִ

Ǿɣ

ڵСԵƬ̡

ŽͻȻצӴʹæ̧

ԭͷ׼ˣһ͸ĻᣬͳСתŷǰ֫

һĹ򣬾

Ҳˡ

ԭͷͻȻһֿĺڶ˵

ˡ

ŵܵĸˣǹͷ񣬱Ͼûм£ʱ䱣侲

ͷѾٱˡ

ɽ¼䱼ܣɲʲôǵ

ǵϵʱͿͷϣһСӣʯ¶

ģжʮףȥûʲô·ġ

Լ߹ȥ̼ϾͷĴ»᲻ݵǰ˻Լ

Ե粨ݵ

˺㣬ңҾ

ϵɵˣ汲һֱǴΪ̫ʲô֡

˿ȴһֻװ׵վԼͷ

ԼģʹӦǰ⾫ʲôģ

㣬ȥɣ

봹β;뻹ǲףһƭԼô죬ͷƻĺܡ

ѡצӣ

˭֪ͷһӹǰ˫ֺʮ˵

ϳڽ

㻢ͷ

ҡ

ٴγֵƶ뷨æ

ҵӰ

װŪֲǵһˣ֮ǰɡաˮ̡ʱ;ðҵضࡣ

һϻõɵĹ£˵

˴ɽ˱ĵҲǻĵ̣һ֮ڽɽǨȥһºɽɱҪúø֪񡣽ǣǣ

˵꣬æϵϵͳ

ϵͳϵͳƲտԸ𣿡

ԡ

ͷðɣ

ԼûеЧͷϣһۡ

ֻϣͷԼ˵Ķô뿪ɽ֡

˱ʩչĻشȻɽȥɣ

ͷؿԼϵı仯С˿ѾʧϵĴ˿Ѿǳǳİ̺ۡ

ˣæְƶҪߡ

ͷȥҲһԭ¼װŪ̱̫ˣǻۡ

ˣ˶ûأ֪һôȥˡ

һ֡¶ǿŶȲߡ˵ǿ˵ӦöǼټĶҩˣҲʲôⶾҩ

Լˡ

û뵽ǣ벶ȸں󣬡һֻȻ췴ˡ

ȻԼųǵ㶾ʱԼæʱ

һֻ֪˳Ҫҧ

ϵͳ׵ļһĵһأȻԼҪ͵Ϯˡ

ǰġһֻ룺

Ȼϻ

ѹֽޣ

èƶ

˳ӣʵ춢ĺ󲱾ӡһԼ侮ʯ

ҪǺȵǹأӰ춯ԼϢľʯ֤Էֻ湥ܱ֤Լİȫ

ȶԷһ͸һƣԼٶȻġ

Ȼڶȵġһֻκأ֮ǰ֧Ŀ־壬ˡ

ҲһѣԼʱ򣬼ʹͬҲŰ

ֻºģצӿ۳˺˿ڵĵ顣

һźãܶڴ˿ڻǲ˺ܶࡣ

ſ룬Ҳ֪ͷȥô˵ģǻ

ԹƲ󣬱Ͼɽסʮ˼ңзеػˮ˭ϰᰡ

ûֳɵķӸסѲԼδҪ()С޼ҿɹˣ

ȴǿ⣡־סɽĴǾȻʼˣ

ϵѵôͨ󣬻ôԼĻ

Ϊ˽͵͵һ˼ǽȥˡ




29.     һǽ

һǽ, ȴЩܵĲܲݣ֪һЩϢ

ԭΪ˷˿ڣסɽ˼Ұȥպ쵼İ, ϽǨ

Щɽȥס, ȷӽ˾Ϳסˡɽĵ, Ҳƶ񤣬ճɲáԺҲ᳣֣ˡ

ˮ, ˵·һЩ֣зϣԱճһЩˡ

ɽһڰİߵߣҲ֪ͷô, û

һɽӺ˽ɽڡҹɫ, Щڿϵľʯײ

͵һ, ޴ʯͷբһס˽ɽĵ·ԶּƵʯɳ㵹£סСӵķ϶

쳾, һСˮӦ˶·ǳ׶סˡ

޴ʹôﲻ˼͵, ̫ˣҲû˸ҳ鿴

ڶһ磬˲ŷ֣ԭǾʯ, ס˽ɽ·

ϵһЩ򻢶˵ϻĴڣ̶ȵŵĴҲղزɽ£ԺܵӭϿˡΧȥ

·֮, ⲻʧΪһð취ǣſԹ۲쵽ׯɽ£߹ԼɽʵϷǳĿ㡣

Ϊ˱ϢأҲɽܵĴΪ򲻵淴
ɽ˾룬ٰŽɽڣ˼·֤˻ϻϢأҲ֤˴㹻ĿռͲɼ

ºͨľͷʯͷ·ϣ㽫ɽΧڼĴҲѵһ
Լɽĵط˱ǣֹлϻȥ˺˺ͼ

һ̰취·𿴵ɵϣڵ˻ͻв԰Ρ
Ϊˣ뿪˴˺üɽͬ£Ƴʡ

Ǽ󣬵շתµսˡ

ЩطȻΧɷΧɲǻϻǻģʳȴҲ˱ԽԽ١

ⲻ ϹġȨʶϻ֮ռ䲻ϱѹ˴˼ĹҲԽԽǿ

ճĹռݴصĹϵȦٵɽġṫ˼ֻһȺ״

ö˾ϻἯȺʵϻĹʷϼأϻмȺġ

ĩսƵ˿ڣΪսɱʮһ

ʱ൱־أϻȺӵĽгˡ

˵ǣʨ֮ȺӣΪ档ϻΪʳﲻ֣ȵ档

׻˵ＫطʳＫѷҲֶӶＯȺĹҲֻܽȺ档

ü򵥵Ŀ̰ӡȥΪ

ṫͬ飬ĵط·ϣɽ룬ȥׯ͵ݼ˵ʱٴγ֡

ΪԱѹĸķֳԸҲʼ½ùԺǿùеĸԵԼĺӡ

Ҫ֪Ұ⣬Ұ޳Լӵ鲻ټһĸ޶ˣųԵġ

ֻ֣ĸȻͬһˣһֻʣ˵õĻʳء

ԼȦ棬Ǵˣ

һȥ۲ЩΧɽĵṫǹȻٶԴƻȤ෴ԼĽֵٯٯ

뵽ⲻͺ͡ʮ桱ʵԵĵĲͬûʳ﹩ӦƵȴĿռ⡣

ǸʵõСԼǻϻ
ռ棬żҪá

һ뵽ǶʮСʵʧܣֱͻͻ

ȥһЩСʵһϻˣԼ񡭡

Уеķ

˼ȥֻϢˣǴ㽫ͽɽϵԱǸϻٶˣɴռ䣬ӦҪһЩ

У˫

߻ռìԵ͡ǱҲëˡ

ʷġˡ˵Ȼֺֺ˻һġ

һũҵչҵʳʵϼһǸķǣ»ɲݣ̫࣬ũûд

ڻҪܹծծ

һطʳգû㹻ĴһӰտˡ

ﻹϷɽˮ̫ϰջܿҰ˺伢ԭͲˡ

ȥʱͼһĻ

һ˰ĽСŭɽǶ͹·ϣˣְԱû

ĵʹ£һ·Χ壬Ƿ׷жܽ˰ٴӰͨΨһ·ڶˣʯͷ

ڣҶԲˣҲܲôࡣ

һļݼɾͳ˱Ķϻɽץǣ൱˿ڶʳ

ٿɽ¶޶˸飬˵ҰˣܳԵҶժˡ

ȥץҲ٣ʱ֬ϡȱϰƽϲô㣬ΪѶȴ

ĵһʱ򣬼ꤵǿɲôࡣ
еƽ̨ʣΪʲôǰĵʱϰղץأ

ȱ۵ĻشΪûеϣȣϰãԲ㡣

ʵϣЩ𰸶ܶϣǻĻҵĵԭô֡ԡ֡ս

ľǺִֺĳǧ˵ˣˮ⣻ԴһƬ󣬹𶼵㲻ϣҪڲӿбӲ㣬ѶȺ

ֺɶѵʬ帯öߣҲΪһŴ

ԣǾллˣĹܵʲôζòáˣƤԹչ⣬ʷϵļĳ̬

һЩطС⡱ֺУһΪ˻Թ

һ飬одǰ䣬һ³֮صĳվھ״ʵۡһλӡ̣

аգһһҿޡԻʳ֮αؿޣԻ֮ΪʳԳ丹

ʱɽ廹ûеǸزɿֻѾ

ȥƾ͵ȥɽʳˡ

շתأѵڴҲı䲻ʲôֱֻȽĵˡ

ʱ䣬£ɽ֮ͨһͨϵ

˵ͨʵϾǽһƽʱûʲôߵɽ乫·ˣسһӿϣϻܴ֮ţһֱԭءܴٽ

ܾ֮ǰµıҲûҲͨĵطһЩ뿪̶Ȧӡ

ʵϷɽĴʩܷסˣȴⲻסҲֻܾΪˡ

칫⼸Ҳ½½˼꣬ҰˣʳҲһ֣ϲýطϰҲл·ˡ

ļ꣬߱طҲָ˺ͶӰ졣
ֻǽ˻ìܽеͣϾҲվɡ

ɽ֣һƬ֮󣬺óһʱ䶼û˽ȥϻķҲǿһֱǻڱΣϡ

һֱ˰ʮԻϻıԽԽӣȦĵطȻҲǰر۾

ΣSɡ

ٴۣľǸཱུ

СǣˣϷɻˡ




30.  ⨺       ηɻ㡭

ηɻһСʱ, λʱ㿪ʼ۾ϢϵͳĽ

һ鿴һεĽȽ, ۺԱȽǿĻ

һ֫˶ܻ(, , ݶȣԣӦ, )

èƶ֫ȫˣڶҹ

һϵͳΪSĽϢģ⹦ܡ
˼壬ģеϢпšеļߵĸоʵԲ

ǰһѾˡԼƿǳˡ

ʵ, ֵĻλǸû֣Էһϡ㿪ʼ˯

һ, ɻҪ, Ǹĺ䣬ûͣ, ̴򳵳Ŀĵطȥ

ں, ֻǽĿʱļ顣

ΪӦҵĺ٣ﴫͳĻһεѡĵص㣬ѡĹŶ侩

ԭ׼ֱӰڹųе, 룬δ̫һѡĻ㡣

ڳϿ˻Ľ, ˷Ӧвͬ
һͷˮ

ݵس˵һεĸĶǳĴ󣬻ϲص㶼գѡˡ

ȦЩ飬ȻһҲбգԼ˽⡣վȲ顣ʵ

ʲô𣿡

еġָָֻĻ˵

һԤƣռ˰ٷ֮ʮʣµ̨ճʣµİٷ֮ʮô֮ǰѡ㲻һ

㵣𣿡Էʧ䣬Ͼϰ⼸꣬εѡİ棬¶ŬϰҲðɡ

ֻ֪ûס

ź˵̸ʻǸŤͷ˵

̫ģĻһεѡ㣬ȷĳעոжѡˡ
һҪúõעԼ󣬱ϾĿΪʣʲôҼ
ȥŮŵ߳УĿҲǸкƹΡ
һ侩ҲеطĲ֡עƽַУҪ̫Ա죬ڹٷͦӵġ

˵꣬Ǹճһװ˼Сӣʶ˰Լϵ⣬Ъ˼˵˼

齵ľƵȥ¼ֳʱ̨ʩ϶ˡڻһЩڸĻ

˲סͶסƵꡣڻؾƵĵطһϰС˿

ɻ󵽣

ϰôô˿

һۣ˵

㲻еϰǲμӹѡûгģҲһЩ˿еǹ˾ǰԤȵġ֮Ƕе˿ˡ

Ҳö롣Ǹղ廰λҪĿڼԼԵѡ֮ӣҲôò졣

صϴڴϣ뻹ǲС̵ĵ绰û˽ӡ  
һԴСֻڷˣֻֻŴȥ

ιСǱ硣

ιСڵ侩ˣ̷ôˣ𣿡

ҽ˵Ҫ۲졣

Сأѵ绰ɡ

á裬СǱĵ绰

洫ֻĶһͻС̵

Сǰ㵽ﻹðɣԵסϰϰߣ

Էеɵñе㷢ᣬ˵

û£ͦõģͬ¶ҶͦõġסƵأ˽ĿҪϽֻ²ܴ绰ȥˡ

û£չ˺Լˣ£ȲҪġ



һͨ绰˰Сʱҵ绰ǰǸյĵ绰С̣ԼڽĿʱ﷢ʲôûϵ

ڸǸսºŰȵ˯˹ȥ

ڶһ磬Ǹվˡ

һͷըëţǸæ˵

ӴСڣȥϴϴͷڵǰϵһλĻױʦڻ·ϣȻķǻױȥĿ顣

Ŷðɡ˸ǷϷţԡҡ

Ӻͷʪķ䡣

ԼĻױʦѾˣǸʮˣҲںȦһڻһЦ

ô֪Ҫ¼Ŀŵ˯𣿡

˳ǣεЦһû취͵һ죬ʧˡ

߽һЩױʦҲע⵽ĵԷ̧ͷһۣױˢһ£

˵Ǹϰͦ

λǹһױʦһ־colourûױʦл֦лʦСǸһѵ

ԭЩ֪ڵ˵

ʦá

æ߾㡣

˵꣬ԷĻơ

Դӽ˹˾ģһʼһźˣҲ;Щ˼ϰֻ⡣

Է֣ȻҳԭλױʦȥͲͦḻóɫʡ

ȻģƯҲûƽлױʦ֮һӡҲͦкøеġ

ĺȦױʦڵʵʵױȴأûм档

컯ױҲҪ覡ףü۾ӾԼһҲõɫɨһʡ

λϣɶԷԼȥ

Ҹɻױʦô꣬ټı־

ױʦ̾һͿʼֻױһ빤״̬˵ĸоǲһ

ױҪ죬ûþͺˡ

ۣŻױԼ˵Լб仯оҪࡣ

ֻδɵͷױʦе㷸ѡ

ôʦʵ

һΪ׼ͣҲ˾ͷûмΪ֮ǰСʮǮϴһԷҲ̫ÿ

ױʦһ£ѹѹԴ˵

ҪԲɣ

ⲻ̫ðɣòġǸֹ

ҿ­ͦߣӦû£˵ѡһɫƬͷҲ̫ͬʻˣҪͬעĿԼأ

ֱ׻

ûжӦǰҲͷ

õشĻʦͳԼƼӣӾͰһԲ⨺ҡ

˼޽ܵ뷨
ҪģFƯ˴ͷȻִüĿҲǶһݡƦĸܸܣײࡣ

ջױʦѾˣ˿ʼĿȥ

ʱĻչ¶Ѿۼٷ˿ʹġ

³ĵ˲࣬Ͼûʲô˿ʵʵġЩҵĴģ¶մض˼š

һأҲǮǡ

ʱſ֣ͦģ·ݵĸ侩ѾǱȽˣǵһθܵı䣬Ϸоǲһ紵е۵Ӹ⡣

ǾЩȵġ

ĻݣԱϢң˿вϰѾڵˡ

˴ıȽʵ˼Ҳû̫Ǿ˸¡

ǸѾؾƵˣĿû£Ҫع˾ȥˡ

ĿˮŪױ˰ѿժˡ

ǵкΣûãϰҽֵܾˡ

ڹԱ£˽¼ƴ

ҺãԺֵϰ

ҽ

ҽ

ӭӭۣ˧ӭ

λϰƣ˿ڣ顣ȻҲһԭֵ˴ҵۡ

ûã˾Ϳ쵽ˡڼ䣬ĵؿգй˾ϰһڱȽϺϰС˾ȽϿǰ

ŶԭѹԽֵʸڡǰĴΪ󲥳ı塣

ֵߵģֻҪоͷһҲܻ졣

һϰҲ룬ܵݿʼ̨

ѧ쵼û̫ǳƪۣ㽡ͬϰɱѧˣƺȲʶû¡  
ҲǵľͷɨԼиģòȥ

磬ϤأڹԱĴ£϶˸顣

һʳó㲥֪ͨ¼ƴϣĿʼ¼ơ

ҲνĿλصʦ

ͨŵķ˿Ҳ֪ļλˡ




31.  岻   ¼ƵĿʼġ

¼ƵĿʼ, λ˵ʦ

λϺףȦڵӰۡҲתĻݣƬӳ֪ôˣﵱʦ
ҪϲС, ڳϰͦƵġ

һھ֪, ԭǵµӰˡ

һ˾ռʮӵķ, һ϶Ӱϡ

ڶλŮǳ˷崿ŮģҲϵӵ൱ķ˿, ȻʮģͬŮһ㡣

ķԱȽ϶ݣԾͷʱһֱǹЦݣͷһ뿪

Ϊ˺мزģֳݸкǴ˸, ҶᣬʼͬĸӵĹһ, ȸԾƻ
Ψ, һ̹ȻظŴһơ

ʦ֣ͼϡ
Ǻǰص, ۵ǸСż, ԽĿҲרҵԿڣЩת͵ԱҲ˲ٷ˿Ҳġ

ֻʱ, ϰһЩСۣע⵽ϰĿⶼͣͼϺǳϡ

ôˣô£

Ҹ˵, ֮ǰȦйϱϡ̨ϷԵˣС˵ͼϵĽǳϹ 

ŶԭѹǳһԷͿ
ĿΪʻʲôʲô˶롣Ҫǲȥҷ˿ַ죬ŮҶС

⻰ȶȲǺüٷֵ㣿

ּ˺ƣܲ͵ģسԹϾͺá

ͼϵĳڿʹҵģͷСӳҲıȽϽ׳ȷǸɢźɶɵˡ

ص˵оһ鲻廨⣬Ȼе壬˷θ

һλʦǳrap֣һжٻŮrapҲӡеrapһ񡣵ƷܲģȽͨ˵ͥһ㡣

Ȼ￧λСʦҲûʲôдı֡

̨Ҫʼˣ֮ǰϰǶѾ׼ױʼԼ̨

ʱע⵽ˣǸջױʦж

ĻױƷģַ 

ʱΪױˣǲжġ
ڽĿĻױʦŶӿȥȽᣬõĶζҲţҪױֶࡣױʦ٣Ƶġ

ױһƾӣҲ̫ǿˡױЧȫһ

ƺ˼ױʦСҲεЦЦ˵

û£û£̨ױһû£ʱ˾һϣͺÿˡ

ŸԼͲŮ룬ҲҶǴˣҲΪ˼ˡȽԱ߿˿ǸױʦҲûõȥǱλøˣȥݳˡ

һϢڵʱмϰڻױǴ˾ϰԴĻױʦûж·ͺϳ

׼ĽĿһ˫˳ֻص㲻һ󲿷ֵĳ󲿷ֵ

ȻǵıԲһڻ¶ˣ赸ʵۺֱֵB࣬Aࡣ

ò˵һϰտν廨ţгģдģƤģġ

о򶼲ˣ˵ܵݡϾЩĹѡĿݱһֱûʲôǰһ⡣һǼ屬ˣܵҪľЧ
õݵԭǣⲥȥ㲻
ɼܵҲǸݺɡ

̨һֱʮ¼꣬ǽֻȥˡ

Aһ䣬BĸˣCǰ˸ˣDʮˣFǴ̡ͨ

ԼʱѾˣҽһеһԼĽԵһſɰرڼҵܵܡʵҪһꡣ

ǵĳ̨ǳ裬պ෴ǣĸǳ͸峺˵ѡɫ赸ȴĿ

λһкһսǣСֹ˾ϰ

ĸûþϤˣæµһ죬Լһȥϴ衣

һʼʩ̫ȥһиģϾĿҲҪΪϰ˽һ¡

жױϴͷϴ裬ʮӸ㶨ˣԵʱ򻹸̾һ䣺

ůǺðϴ費սսϴˡ

Ϊԡһü䣬ǳʱ֣˶Χһԡ棬нĿĹԱݡ

Ǿú棬ʹſ֡

һܵݶˣûʲôԵһǰϰʵ

ã⵽׷ʲôˣôܵݶˣ

˳һ˵ϰԡ屻˾ٱˣСƵŪˡĿڽء

壿ΪʲôҪԡ壬ҲΥ涨ɣԵɻ

˻ش𣺡¾壡

塭ϡԲۡôô󵨣

˵꣬ԵһϧȺŸ

Ǵյ飬ǺסףΪʲôԡҪ壬Ҫأ
ǵ֮ǰǸպܼ˵ģ׽ˣҪ̫죬СĻӿڳҲûжʣϾҲȤΪʲôҪ˷Լϸ

ص󣬼˴ͷϴ˯ֻ˶ͳԼĵڶֻ룺Լǰģˣ˯ɣ賿ˡȻûй涨

˿̽Ŀ棬һС߷壺

ǣҽԵɬĹϡ(𾪳Թ)

ҹǾ°ͣ(ͷ)

Ƶˣûأˣżܲеְҵء

xswlʲôӶûиءػ(Ц)

¥ϻ˵ľͶ˵㡣(Ц)(Ц)

ֻע⵽Ĳ()(˹)(˹)(˹)

ÿˮһ㣬ǿɲҪѽ(ѿ)

ѽƵûˣ˰ɣ

ûˣʱ³ٶ찡(̯)

Һ賿ûȻѹס



ķ׷ź޹أע˲֮ҹ

ڶŵ룬ˬ𴲣Ǻ˵˯ˣŵϴ꣬ʼſ

ϷĲ¼𴲵˶٣˹ԱûмڣʳǶʮСʱš

ҪһӺһƤ࣬һʼ͡

Ϊ¿㽫㳡ض˸飬ҵһͼңԿʼıһͼסˡ

Ҳע⵽ͼͷûж룬ϾĿǰ¼ƣľͷһ㲻ȥ

ʮһ㣬½½

࣬͵ǿʼϰˡ

Cλkino˾Լϰг½κۺʵ൱

ڵţҲܱͷɨĵطֻ˽£ݸú裬ڳ貿֣ԶԿ;Ϳˡ

ѣ˵൱򵥡赸ʦƵһͼסˣԾ˳һ˵°͡

һԵ󲿷˶ֽŸտ򵥵赸ıȹ㲥ٻѿ

ԵֻƨƨߵҲĵؽһûа׷
ȻϵҲûȫϣǿܿġϿɾ¼ˣֻһʱϰ

˵ڶ磬ٵͷҪ¼ˣλʦֳ۶ˡ




32.  ͷɦ     ߡ

ߵ, ϰǶװȫصϳԭӦǿԿʼ¼˵ġ
λʦ֮˺ˣҪ˳һ

黹ҪСʱǰ˵𣬽Ŀȸҵǰ̽, ҲǳϹ

Ҳ֪̽˭İ, ǳͼϾ˺

֮ͥ¶, ܺ˵˵ؽ˺Ϣҡ
һƱĹԱԼ108λϰɵȡ
ô죬ĸʦȱz, Ŀô¼

ݶˣͲͷˣһôô£
ֻ÷ԸݣϽɫ侩صˣԼҲʼȦ, Աʱ֮裬, ǲ̫ˡ

ȥʮ, ͻȻ洫ˤ
žű򿪡ǳ۾˳ģ֮ǰ, ź߽ɡ

õĴﶼ, ׷׳߿

ܣæǳĸ첲վһԵͼޱ飬ԭĴķͣŪ߰, ϻĿӡ

ǳȵȣ˵

ǣ˵, ˵ʲô˵̽ҵİȴһüȥǳתӿ˶Էָ֣ͼ˵

ܶΧ۵ˣܵеҲȥæ

ˣǳǻǻȥ˵ɣô˿ء

ôˣҶʲôѽǳ˺üȣ±֪ǵƫҪ˵

סԷ죬ǳð˦֣ٵ˵
׷ҵʱô˵ģ˵һһһ˫ˡأ
һеʱͳС˵ƲסҵʱҲԭˡ
Щ׬˵ǮȥϹǵҲһֻ۱һֻۡ

ںðǰɣŮѾ˵

Ҫҽ÷ һɵڹͱĽþ۲֪˽ô˵𣿰

˵Ϲ0ޣҸеģ 

˻һ˶ʶؽĿ⿴ʮ̬ܣԼɷƵͼϡ
һԵԵ˵лͦˡ

ˣܵˣ˿ˡѷһק

ܵԷľ޴ǳͷ屣ں𵽣
ǼһǮǸɿŵģ

ȦıǸϽˣҲʼȥС
ǳ»

¼Ŀ¼ͷǮģţ飬Щ֤ݣЩҶһЩһؼԺҰְϴ㹫˾ʣ

˵꣬һȺ˵ӵ뿪¼ֳ

ȥ׷һ°ɣҪֵôû¶һֱû˵ͼϿˣֻ⻰Ƥ

ί˿ڡ

һ˲µأȥɣҪ

һڣ82Ĵ㰡Ե˵ߣѧֹݣ

Χһͥף˵õ⣬ΧȺǳ˸ϣΨʧȥһλʦֻе˵ˡ
ֻõݵԽԽˣ

ҺüҴҵ˰죬ҵһеڣڸ侩رȽ֪Ա

˵˶ʶǸ侩ˣԱùཱܶƹߵԱ֮һҪݵϲ硣

Ϊ֪ģ·ϲ硶쳾ջݵķֵϰ

ͷǡѽǳħҳȦȻȥʮ꣬ڻ˻żߡ
ĵʳ֮裬һ˵Ļ䡣

Ȼʦȷˣ͵ʦˡ

ѾˣڱıԵǻͷô£ȻҪ׼ء
һѡգڲɿ֮¡ֵҰһȥͷ

Ҷ֪ô۵С۵ĵţֻеݵ˵˾䣺ݺҡ

ϰ˵࣬ʦˣʮ꣬Ҳ൱λģû̬ΪԱʵϷǳϾͬѹܶమ
ܾԱżĽά

ڽĿԿʼ¼ˣϰǸߺŮ񡱡

ർʦȻǸ侩ˣѡи侩Ĳ룬ɴֱȫø侩¼ơ

̫ʰɣʦɻؿŵݡ
һҧ˵

һʱ뿪ʦķ˿˺ô죿˵Ȼμˣ·˺ͶкøеˣȻеĿǸ侩ķ羰ҲһֳȦʽ㡢ԽĿá

⡭ðɡʦƬ̣ͷӦ

¼Ƶȫˡǡ쳾ջĺ֢ϰеﲻסЦˡ

֪ⲥȥڻʲôӦ

֣ͨĿǰۺ־ȻڵʮλڱȽϸˡ
ص㲻ǽĵһιݡΪм䰲һϷϰҪȥμ¼ƣڴ˻Ӹ˻֡

üһǳ˱ա

ϷƾͽСˮ䰸侩108ϰһ˸ɽú
ռĿҵʼĹĳҩĻʮַ

ݿǵɫ䣬ǩУһѡֳĲãЩ˾Լ鷳ô죿

˼ȥͷֵһѣǵݾͼŷˡ
ǰʮУֱӽͷ̣ģҲÿ˳һ³Ľɫ

ɮ£˷飬ȵҲͦģġ

ȻǸнɫǿˮ䰴˶֪ĽɫֻĹע
в˻Ҫͷֻ̫á

ԵԼĽɫװ͵˹˵

Ǹͬѧܻܲɫ

ƲԵŵ·һ˫˵ɫЩŹ֡漴Ц˵

ͦõģɩԱɣ

ҲЦңҲӣԵװҪ͸ɧ

˵ǲǳˣ˰ԵָԴ

Ӱأѡ

ʲôҲǰʮƾʲôҰһŮԽɫĸҹ棬ҪС㻨ٰôŮԽɫҲֵңһҲһЩ

ȷһĴԭѺȥֽɫ˸һࡣ

ˣأõʲôʡ

ѽ˹Ҵۻͷǣˮɽĸ棬˴ɩҲ

ѧģǼµķеǵϣûĴ󵶾ͺˡ

402ʲôһĸϻԵֻ

ȱЦЦ˵λ񻹸Զи๫

Ҫѣͬʱĸ˶һۣһš

ֻǣҲֵĺܡ

˯ǰÿ˵Ľɫ䣬ݿ⣬ʵǷǳƽ⣬˾ĺͳʵõϰǷյĽɫ

ΪʲôҪ³и߹ĽɫԼҲǺʲôɣܾͿͷ̡

ˣ˯ɡ컹ȥ¼Ŀء
ͻȻϵͳð˳

ΣBȷֺ͹

Ƿܡ

ΪʲôôǸB񣬽˰ɡ

ܿʲô




33.       һε񣬡

һε, Ȼֲ
ϵͳϵͳұֲ񣬶ˣ

Լܶĸо, еЩͲӦ, ֻϵͳ

ΣĿǰΪֲš˫Ҷֲ١ǾޱĿơٻ

򡪡ֳ, Ϊ

ˣΪɲء

µֳһٶ ޴ֳ

ϵͳ, ͬʱ𣿡Щ̰ĵʵ

ԣΪ˽ʡֻѡĸ졣

ĸҲˣþգĵֳǱҪ, ϾԼֲжޡ

, ˸ٶȡѾΪ, ĳ̶ֳϺֳйصԷˡ
ʼɣ
Ȼֲûʹ, һ־ڿֲ걾ɸоʹࡣ
һһҹ, ɡ

ٴλָʶľһ̫̫Լˮ

ϸϵͳٴ

ֻÿʼ¼
ĿģǱɳķȺ

ɳǻĹһҪ, ҲһʷĻǡڹŴӻʺҪɫʷǳŨĻڳ

ɳڻʯ߾
Щɳһֱҵ⡣, ʷϵĲõأػĮǳء
ϸͿʼĹ˾Ѿֽ˹ֹ֣ɳĮʴ
Ƶǻлĵ౱

ǧķ֣֣ķ˂z˵Ѫڴ糤˲ʿ

ʱַɳЧ൱
ʱڱ䣬Ҳڱ䣬ʱڵĻĹɱⲻ˾ùɵӰ졣

Щ꣬Ϊ˿ز׬Ǯס˿ڲɳȴ˷ӣõرռ죬ĳ˽õء

⻹µģ˺ĵǣΪ˷չѣ˻ƻ޽ƵʹˮԴ

ΪĮԱߵĳУɳˮԴͱȽϽšֲѵũȴûеںģֲѾƳ

Ϊˮľ˳֮£ļ죬ϳˮ

ΪֲģԼٶԷֵĹˮһЩũ͵͵Ĺ˿һַ֡

ǿķʽһƬѡܶȽϸߵѡԿһ֡
һϣϸӱֽš

е˸ֱӰƤûƤ˵ҪƤɡһҲѳǶǰֵȻ̫⡣

һ˵²⣺ʷʧ¥Ϊó׷ʢʱƵֲѺˮóףޱƻյֵסɳʷɳС

ƵһĻҲɳš

̶̵ļɳֵͲһ롣

һ̨ĻԼĸϵ˳ʹ̨ܴϴȥ̶úһ趼ȥ

̨̫̫ƣææ¥ʣ˸衣ƿڴֱС͵ˣԶ͵

ѾȫٵŲԱߵĹ԰¸

ϵ¹̶ûþȥ˺üס

µġ˷ʼ֡СľŸһĻ

̶ڵʱ䣬ε͵¸ϵѾɳСͬ񻰹һ

ԼϳٻɫҲԽԽޡ

жƿ֮£˵ʲôʲôֻҪĶܹ۲쵽

ͬʱע⵽һص㡣

֣

ﳤһƬ޴ľģƲ°꣬ΧһϾɵķݡֻ˿̾סĶһЩͱȽϴ˼ҡ

ǳĸϵܵһү·ĽŲվڼſڵĴʣ

ôˣǲˮ

үͰ̾һ˵

Ҫ޷ӣôˮأǰͲЩ

ôˣŶ̾һ䣬ŵҪǶǵǨѣǵǲǿǮٲ˵Ҫ

취ɣүһ֧̣ݡ

Ի飬ˣǿ̿أǿժ˹ӡ

ԭǰֵģľϺü˶ǳ桢档

ԭϰͷǳˣ˵˶ȻֵİܼǳоĻֵ

˺Ĺ֣úñҪ

һʼܵ˾ǵǿӡصϰʵԹ̫ౣʶһЩ⽨˼òܿ

ǿҷԵĸԭ򣬻⡣
һҪ뿪סʮĵطͷ᲻ãһ棬ǮֲҪΪԴ֮һ˭ϸأ

ЩľҾߡײҲѵõӡܾôЩˡ

סĴ󲿷ֶˣ˻϶ع

̾мһƦåڶˮִкͣǽˮ
꣬һˮҲˡãþûˣۿӾҪʱ򣬿ǳˡ

Լˮ᲻ãǮˮ

ۿѾ˥ܵģ˸취ԼĸϵĸϵһһָϵŬ굽ˮĵطΪֹ

˵ôľϵӦʮַŶԣڵ治ȥ
ȴָ񼸴˵Ŭ࣬ʹʵûôеǻڰֵ˼

ֳԼĸϵϵһ

һ߼ȡŵˮԴһߣ³Լ뿪ǰԼ

һȽشḶ́ʱŻɹˮ֣ϵҪ

ۿԭƵҶ±ộҡҡ׹Ҳñ񶼾ø˼顣

ʱû꣬ҲûнˮȻˣѲǳɾˣ

ͬĲֻо񣬻п̵ˣһֱͷŵһˣҴææȥһܡ

˿̱ڣм۲ͣһӿһƿѾƣڳ˶ϣ

룡λǾƳзѾƣĿרҵʦԭϡ豸ͼһģ

ڵĻûʲô㡣

ܵҪһ¥

ĵزȣСȸϷˣ

̫ˣλӦøлλ

ȻȻλ쵼ҲڵĳɼҪȾǣ



һȺƱյҹʮ㣬ȥ

ܣһҪ㱨ķʵ

ʲô£ҹġ

ߵȵڡ

ðɺðɣɣ

Ӻܼˣ

Ŷ㰡ôҹʲô𣿡

һ棬ͽֿľ괺߸
ֻܺʵ

˵ҪǶǵˮ𣿼㲻ʲôã˼ô졣

ҲôǽϣȥƤҲãŻҲãǲǼˣͲҪҡ

ӻûüش𣬾ԭǶԷѾ˯ˡ

賿㣬СӴŵ˹ºڷߣ׼ְƤ

Ϊ˲ٵͷ̫̫˴м俪ʼ
һ֣ͻ
ͻȻʧȥƽ⣬ˤڵأͽͬסһ㣬Ҳ˶гһֵĶ꣬Щ˾ͱС

ѵأǳ˯ˡ




34.  ƻľ   ˡ

˵, ôͲˡ

ϴүֵͲŹӺשͷͳˡһ˼񵽼ѵӰû

ֻһͷˮļȥ˯ˡ

ûע⵽ڼ, кü廨ӰС

Ϊɳش½, ²Ƚϴ, ԽӽճԽ䡣

ವУ˶´ܡ

һϣһҹķ, ˿̼ѾͷԺ˵

ᣬ񲻴Ǿǡôˣٵɹɹ̫ůһ°ɡ

ʼٸ, ҲûŹ˿İȴ

ʱ, ȴԼܶ, Ҳ˵˴ϡֻܺصҽ, ԭ뽫ķ, ȴֻ֫ԽԽʹ

ǿһһսŤ֫Ĺ顣ԺԻ²мҲվԼ·

ܵԷѾ˹ȥɿ, ͬȺȴˡ

ҪģǼ¸ϵر졣ŷֵķȥ

ɽҹ, еǿ˷֡ڵͬеħˣĸϵ̿ռɳС

ĿǰȻֽ׶η壬һƯİۻ

ľ˿ڵ2400꣬ǵ1.44Ķݿѧͳƣо˿ɴ600֣Ҫغü

Լأ֪Լж٣Сֳ£ٶΥ˳̶̵̬ҾѾɳС

ɳ3.12ƽǧף˭Ҳ벻һͨͨС̵ϣȻ˿ֲȻ

ۿžͰ˷֣ȻȽӽĲǷ֣Ǳֱֲ԰

һ·ֲصΧѾȥԭﶼǷֵĵ̣ڶֲˡ

ĶѾʧ˽һ룬Ӳԭʵʵɫ˺һӡ

ۿɼ£ɳѾʧȥĹ·԰ƽ԰ǳˡ

һһƤķľռӴ̵԰ɲ֪زʳʣµɫʿ

ǰ˿⻰˸е

һɳĮƽУʱΪʱֲ԰;Ƴϰ˵׬Ǯƨһ֮ʣµĻɳͽͨ˽ţʲô

Ҫֲɭһ̳μѸ٣ľļӲϸ£ˮʪ࣬ȼֵߣҪòֺԴ֡ΪòģҲҾߣľذԭϡ

ҪɭϵиԹ̵ƶУҲܽ

ǻὫľһ֣ͬγɻ콻֡һҲ˻ãƻáִžЩֵĻ콻֡

֪ľ˥ϢȥͬŮ㣬һһ㽫ϿƤ·ϡ

ϸֳʱƤӣ䵱ˮӪ¶ƻľĳԼΪһ塣

һϸµḶ́һ˴ҹ޲á

Լʲô£

ʶٴλصУŵļСåѾǰ״̬

⣬Ͼ˭ŷţһһҹܡ

οϵĽߵıɹ־־塢ֶۡУͷǡ

׼ǷͻȻýѵе㲻̧ߵһ׶ĿУ˲ɿϡ߶ȲˤҲµˡ

ˤѵȺˣ׷״ӵ˰ܣͺ񱳺ħ׷һ

ԶȥӰ룬ӦüסѵƲˡ

ɻҪأһĶĶ԰ˡ

ҹɫУ£͸ϵһͬٶȥ

ٻһĽɱɱֲȡӪԼռ䡣

һСʱһ޼ʵ԰һ٣Ѿݻȥ
ûйЩԭֲõصѣΪ󲿷һЩɢҲûп֡

һָģ԰ռ˷ֵض
סϵȻΧѾƳ

˳Žķ϶ֲ׾ٵض˸ֽˮ࣬뵽ؽС
װƵľͰѾƵľͰľʼƻľͰֱˤõģϸһ룬ҲУϾ̫

ĵؽаɣֽܶľͰȻǲڻ£οһŪһͰͰһŪ

ûӣһͰƷˣϺɫѾ˳ſ϶ţڶͰͰ

ǧֵѾƣСʱؽһƬѾƵĺСеЩ ܾʲôֳ

аȾƵһſеľ㶼ˣǾòһ㶫ǡ
ƻ˵ؽѵĽṹɫľҺ˳ſ϶
ˣسˡȥˡ

ڶһ磬ϰĹԱһ԰״Ͷϲˡ
æ绰ܣˡѶˣ

ô£ţϹ

Сʱ԰ܣųһ·񱼶԰ûмõģ˶ɵˡ

ͻȻʶ϶˸
ǵؽѾơ

æѾƵĵطŵؽѵźúõģһ

ããѾû¡

ͳԿ״һŨҵ̱ǵľƾζ
ˣæ¼̨ףҴҵ˳ִ򿪵ơ

ôһڡ

ԭѾƣ϶Ž˸Ĵء
׻ӷľƾӣȴڿвϻţǧֵѾƣƾٳɶ࣬һϳؽѡ
Ϊͨ磬ؽѿеľƾѾ굽һ͹˽

ͿƵһǵĵ𻨣һ죬ȽԶɳҲܵС

ؽѻ˷棬λĿܡ

ڵµܵӰ죬ըһƬϵˣ۵ùǺ

Ҳû뵽ĺöԷƲƾˣٸѵˡ˭֪ⷢ˰ˡ

Ƴ԰ϰҲȻûʲôĹҲ𡣲룬ǵҲģͬľͼࡣ

ⳡȻصĳýҲӼ

һЩɳصĻε죬ֱֳ

ýϢѩһƽ̨ϣһʱ䣬ȫѶڵ

ͬʱһЩŵֱֳһЩҲȻ

λϸ磬ⲻɳķôɳӶӵ·ˣ(ͼ)(ͼ)(ͼ)

ɳɳҲɣ(=_=)

ǿҷʲô(ͼ)(ͼ)(ͼ)(ͼ)

ȥ¥Ļôϸ¡

Բۣ˲˵飡

ⲻɣ



ûע⵽ѵ£һۿ񳱼Ϯ




35.  (V)      

ƽ̨ɳѾƳըˢʱ, һЩýͲʼּƵ

ûãһƵ֡Ϊ԰ɳǷڿ

ƵźֱбĽͼ

һһԼǡ

, ɳѾƳըǣ˴ѵ, һ, ҲҷһЩͬѰϸڡ

ͼǵص԰԰ѸоѾ, ͺܹ죬ΪڲѸɿݵļڡ

Ҫǣҿͼ԰ͽŷֵ֣СԼȥϲ鿴, Ͳ׸

Ҫһ£һּҪˮˮ

عǵı, νЩ, ԼֳֵĻڡҾõӦó˵ǰðŷɳֳķֳΪֲء

ȥ

̫˰, ͼŽͼ˵ʲô?ѣ

һ㶼, 㿴ͼǲ⣿

ȥɶ

ϣеĵطΪǮ, ѹͺͺɽŪ̡ΪƭƭǡҪô֪(Ц)

ⲻǳԿ𣿡

û˹𣿡

ܣ̫ˣǸɨǰѩѡ(ٱ)

쿴()ʵˣ

ԭһ֯, һʱ֪ϢɳĿķ֡

౻վŻС
֯Աֳƣ֣׼һǧĶķֻ֣ʣ²ǧĶһࡣ

࿿԰ľѾȥϱյĺһƬ

ڷֵĻڴɳĮѾڲơ

һǹֲ԰һǻɳƽȴ֧ķ֡ߵķѵķŭٷýҲʼС

νǣһʯǧˡ˭û뵽һըǣһ

۵ѹʹɳʼԲ飬ǵĽȴǳʧȫ̱ؾᣬϡȥ

ȺڸˣԽԽϺ׵İǳ֤ʵɳ˵ѡ

ƭأԼϱһĶԲͱǧĶˣͿһǧ

ھǺɳ⣬Ҫô˿ƭҾѣҪô濳˽һķ֡ѡһ

ԲǸЦ(ͷ)

ѹЩɳԽԽ࣬ԭĳЩ˶ƻɫǡ(ŭ)

֮ʱҲûţһֱĶ֮ǰ֮Էλ쵼

ʱ䣬ͬȹϵϣҲܣүү̵شԼ

ûʲôð취ֻһС񼣡˼ľߵз۱ʣȻǰãָ
ڽָģȻĳЩ˵Ĳ֮ơ

ڶһ磬ɳеһ𴲣ͷˡУӽֵ棬¥ǽͨͨ÷۱дλ쵼֣һֵĻ̰ܻߵ֤ݡ

һͲĵ顣̫˼ˣֻ˶ʼ¼

ԭɳѾؼźƽ̨кϸۡⳡ̫ˣѹסֻ֮ˡ

λº쵼Ǳˣһ鲻ҪȻ⡣

ڣܻ¸ΥԿáԱ̵ơ

ﲢһ̣һûʮǳˡ

ۿԲȴٳûϵͳʾ

ҲûţЩһľ

һºһֱȥľ»ָĸϵҲѾӵɳĮش

ŬɳΪֹɳĮĶƣԼϵӣһƬԳһĲݷ

һսȫصĻ־Ըֲɳ쵼֧֡

ûãռֲ԰˻ֵأС硣

ΣBȷ֣ɣܽϻع顣

ſռ仯ۡߴλ΢

㿪һɵĽ㾪ȵ

Ȼֲ͵Ļ1Ҷ2ⷼͻ3ػ

һҶ˷ܷǳĻҲ̫ˣ

ԼóԷɹɹ̫ܽйóܡ
Լ˵࣬ԽԽ붯ķ롣

ʣµ㿪˽һ
ⷼͻ򣬻ʹһֶصĻζŶ˶Ӱ죬»á
ػҲҪأһԱԼԼòóԣһַʽǿԹĵˡ

ܸ졣Ÿ˯£ϵͳĻ졣

εҪͬոĸоһ̵ʲôСһֻҧĸоۣؼǻӲ

ڴڼ䣬ڴǿܣҧȥ

Ϊ̫󣬾ǳߵԵΪҶ²ãԭ͵ֻԵһʱͱˡ
ۿĴλԷŴͬϣһΪʲôˣæ´˹

ôˣ𣿡

Եߣĵʡ

ڽҧأѵļ֣

û¡

Ծˣ˵û£ȥҽҡ

˵űıӣͻȻһŨҵĻϮԵѬһġ

˵Ͼʶģ

ֻ˫Ŀȴʮֿţ˯¾Ϳʼ㵸ĳ裺

ãҵİɽ»ҵˡõ廨һŮˡΪʲôң

һɤӰ˯ŵĺ뽯һ飬Ҳˡ

ûȴ㵸ԵΪΣæҲŵһɻ㣬Ȼ󡭡Ҳˣ

裡ҪǺ«󴮵ģ󴮵ġҪԺ⣬̣ɿ̼ҲҪˣˣҪ
ڵĺģʳˡ

һԵĽǸףֻ˫룬˫ָ鱯ʹ
ϲֻڿ˯һװ˼ŰӺȣС⣬ȴһ̬
ֻţƶ§ˮ䡣

һھߵĵţ㣡  㣡  㣡ס

  ˣѽȰۻƣ
()ڲ
Ŷ˫Ը
淨á
  Ҷϳ
ƽյĶҲ
ҸлС



ߴ˴װԼ鸹Сӡ

һ仹ûгžͰһֵŵˡ
ȥɲˣƻ¥˶й

ֻǿŲʣŵǡ

Ȼ˿ɵϵˣǳӸǸϣûоһϴˡҺůᶳˡ

һֱǰףųɡ
ζɵؽ˰ϴٴ򿪴͸

û뵽εĹô죬ȫĿҪǴһ»õζˣǻֲ̫ˡ

ҲΪԼһֵڼϵĴͳϣ402Լȫͳһġˡ

ͳϣԵһ߿һԼĲӣ

εˣȻĪεҵĳ

Ҳһεʳö࣬öһ߳ŤͷһԵĽǣ

أεɶ

ҡ֧һ£˵εԼֳҹõ˺ܶȲأ



λɽúٸˣ׼³ɣ ֵڹ㲥ͣƬ̣

ϷʼλúҵҩŶ

¼Ҫʼˡ




36.  һ     һֲ

һֲ캺, ͷñӵףڵ³³Ͻûȳ, ҲҪڿʼ

һϰǱ, NPCѾ׼ʱ

NPCݸһֽ, ĵһ񣺾ҵ֣ºš
ڶԷİȡʮﾫӡʮӣʮŹǡ

ԭҸNPCܰ, ҲǣнĿ

ѭNPCĵͼҵ֣

֣NPCǸǽĿӳҵ̯̯׳˶, ƾͱȼǰһЩ
һ˫ŨüϳţģЩˡ

η, ǰݵĸֵߡǵ⵶

ĿҲǴֱ, ۸񲻱ˣϾȻ, ӻǸɱõġ

Ҳ, Ϊʲôнԭʮǻ˶ʮŹǡһͷȷʵѴʮǡ

ԭ³Ͻʧʧ֣˫ֱȭ˵

ֽϵʾҲؿ˶Էһ˵

ҽҪ๫⣬, Ū

Ӵ첲ֻ³ϽԼˡ롭

˵ŶԷóһλãָʾߵ˰ǰ

³ϽƵ˵֣ͳһƽ, 㿪˲ż

ƵһרҵƵʱʮӣ֣˵

ֻҪ³ϽմƵɸʮ֮߰ˣôֽ˫ַϣɶãñרҵ֤ж⽱ֻһĻᣬʼ

Ǻ֪ݵ·һѡĿݡҶţĽ桰ȷԺ˿
Щ׷ǵСĻϲ

ƵȥƤ޹ǣп飬ͨͨȫ
ʮһȫˣһԵNPCӵͷ

ǿļɵļ̣Ҫ˵ϻǶʱ䣬ԵʳҰˡ컹൱˽ġ

һͷǵ׼һԵ˵

СӣĻҡ

ŤͷЦ˵лл

Eһȥ׳İӸɴضϿˡһԵɴ۾һš

Ӱʦɵˡ

ЦһԵĴ˵

֣˵ĵǷޱȰõϲ

Ӱʦһۣɻ
¿ͷѣֱµԽԽԽԽ졣

ȥƤ޹ǡп顢࡭һϵжۻҡȻ壬ζʮ⣬Ȼܿһ˿

ǰ񲻹ʮӡ

֣Ĵ弤Ŀ񿴵һﻰѿڶʵ

СӣûȤѧɱ

ʱûСˡ

ûзԼĵ绰ӰʦѲżҪɡ

˳õ˰ٷ֮ٵɶȣõ֣֤֡СƳװʮﾫӡʮӡ ʮŹ̡

Ŀɮ˵װ磬ȥһص㡣ʮ¾Ƶꡣ

һ·Ƴȣھһطʱз֣һNPCڵߣͻȻһʹԴϡϳһŮNPC

ٿѾ֪ʲôˡ

ʮӺתתҵʮ¾Ƶꡣ
Цǣʮ¾ƵǰȻһľ壬ԭ˼ͬĴʫ

ʮ£˭ҹʵڣݵȥӣ

ôĿŵĺڵ꣬Ҳ̫ˡ

˽ȥ

ûˣ

УһϤӺûһͳһü԰׵ˣʶһ

Էһ͸˵ĺû뵽㣡˰֪֪ʲôĥ

ԭۺһˣȻԵֻ˵

ҴˣĴˣԭΪǸŮԽɫҲܶNPCҴ˰棬˰İӡҵֶˣҿְܵ

ɵôʡ

ԵˣʣʮͰˡˣʲôӦҲȭɣ

ڶ⡭ⲻǾƵ

ӹСƳԵ˶

˵ݸһŷ⣬Թؼغȥˡ

û뵽ÿ˵ǽģȵһصҰֳ֣ŷ⡣

һֱȵֳϰԲ

λֳİǡǡǳC½

ŷ⽻˱ȭ ǰһص㡣

ڴ֮ǰԱҲҪ׼緹ˡĿĳ񽫺з͵󣬴Ҷżæŵİڳꡣ
䣬̫ɽ磬̫¼꣬Ͼ͵ý¼ơʱץˡ

һصµĲ԰ӣNPCڴ˵ظѡһǰչ涨ཽһƬ˵أԼȡϵŷ⡣

涨ǣ
۲ԼСȴֵСʶ˵Ҳ˰

εǣĿһϸͰСϣСײŷס

Ȼһ£ʵڵʣӦõŷġ̫ˣźķӣǼᵽζѡߵ

۲һȦ֣С·ģƾǽĿʱֵġ
ĿʹҲͰӦúܺɡǰɣ

룬ôϰľͷҪԼľͷҲһᱻȥ
㱻ȥˣعҪͷĵǸѾ˵ܶˡ

˵ɾ͸ɣߣӣ
СۼΣ

һԵӰʦNPCԭֱҡͷҪ֪СҲٽǿ˾ֺ̧õġ
ⰮС壬ưθܲѾ
һ룬Χ۵ĳԹNPCʹˣֻɶˣѿˡһ뿪档
ûһСˡ

Χ۵˶ɵˣмNPCǰ˰İû
ٿȡŷġֻĬĬǲͬģСаϡ

˵ĪӰʦȻ֪ΪʲôҪкġ󲿷ϰɶǰĿ鰲װĹ̶ͷ¼ơ
ǰкϰרŸĵġ˶ڣʲôʱεӰʦʲôʱ˾ĽӰ

ǰкصı֣ݵһĿԼĽҲˡ
ûĿĵݺһƵݽʯšܰèèץõèݺ
Ŀƻƴͳ·ӣһЩ˲ڡ

ͬ˵̲ҪҪǽ

ֲѰ·ƣںڲʱ򣬾ڵĴģۡ
ԺĽĿʶ൱
ȻѧԺɵĵݶƲҰʵʵڣͶ̺͵̨Ҳﲻ

һΣˣӰʦŵ˭ϵļһľͷԽ࣬˭ĽԽ

ӣӰʦæµ˭Ǯȥأ

ΪӰʦ͵ˣӰ

Ȼ֪ЩСžţѾˣڴŷ⣬ȻдŽĿ꣡

ʼ꣬ҩ

յصڵ£Ǹ侩Ϊ˷չ޽һعͽʼꡣ

Ŀνĳҩŷ⽻عſڼװٸNPCõ˽ȥʸ

źڹ¡˵ĵع̤˽ȥǵص¶ȱȽϺ㶨ܵΧ¶ҪһЩͦů͵ġ
һֻ̨̤ףŴɢһ˿ą̂׶

⵱ȻģعͶӰ̾һ¸侩Ĳƴ̨֣ס
£ʮ˲̨ףһխĳȡȵ·ڣһʾдţ

һؿ 봳Բʮĳɼءÿλᡣ

ļʸȻҲģͶӰĶˣǼͷȴȫ̼

ǹѧʸûп˷ѧĶǲȡİ취书Ψ첻ƣ
èƶıѸܹȣûüӦʸʼһ

ͷĿҲû̫ɥĲ ʸرܼ

ܼĵɵˣΪǹܷӦ̫ôcallң

ǸʲôӦôôһӾܹȥˡĿһȺСӣǻʲôӴȣ

ǵݣոմλѡٶ̫ˣ治ǻӦҵĹԱС

ҲܣӴ󣬼Ӵ󣡡

ǽϰͲˣŲ̤֪Ⱦ˴⬡
üϰĿ飬ݲʶԭǻ⣬ǵһСӵ⡣

ֻòҽѶȵͣüϰ˳ȡ

ǰһ׼ڶؿ𺣵

ǡһ𡱣λεĵ
ʮ׵ľ룬ҪŲմأ˵ҲСһɾ͹˹ء

ˮ֮ӡ

һؿϰƽһڿУǡˮ֮ӡ
ڴ˵صNPCһƽˣ֮ǰĻں˵ͬһӼԱԼɵĶϼ߹ֻ³մNPC

һ·Ϲܿ͵ҩĵطˣһɵˡ
ԭΪԼǵһˣ˭֪ȻѾкüλϰɻ

ôô죿

һϰһ˵
津ֱӴһؿ

ˣǽĿŵģϰһҶ֮ǰǸѵģǼ˾ˡ
ɵҲɵӣﱻŪģһЩϰһЩԴѡ֡
һڲҲ̫顣

ȻҪĻǸ̨֮ϵλʦֻʱװ̬ǧ
ǰеϺףڸʣ̨Ҳ

˴ة˹λλȡóҩһءԭݵ˹

ع̫°ӡʦһǣ˿ǸϲԱ

Ҳҽܣͼϰ񡣶ٻԸߡ

ȺãŽعϰԽԽ࣬һ˿ʼϸ̨ǩ
ĸʦͻָĿˡ

ĿļƣԭΪҪʷ֪ʶʲôġ
ʵ֤ˣûôһ¡Ҷǿװĸûʵġɫĵع
ͼϣֵݵʱͼϾȻ裬ҪԼֵĸ
ҲãҲա
ƫƫǳ衭

Ŀ֮£ɮµ˷翪ڣ

ֻϻֻϻ

ȳ꣬ȫѻȸֻϺ׵ʦԥſ˵˾䣺

λѧԱֻϻͦ¡

ٿ̨ϵͼϣûʲô仯һǳЦģֻЩԼôˣ
˱ݣҲûʲô⡣

Ȼǵһȫؽĵعȴֻؿڱϡ

ϻʱȻЩ䣬ҲǣЩһֱѧУһ
ɼõĺȻе㲻ͷȫ񡣿ɵ֪Ŀ¼Ʊ󣬻ԼϵǣԼεزʱЩѹ

ԼҲϵͳָο֮ǰѾ׼ӭЩ

׻˵ĺãǮʺѳԡܲ⣬ǮķϣҪӦǡ
ϾԼĸǸ̰塣

صΪŶϴ裬е֮ǰæ˴¥׼ȥʳóԵ㶫

Ϊõݵ˱Ƚ϶࣬һֱûе¥ҲԲˡʼ¥ݣ¥Ҳߣһӵ¡
ߵ¥¥ʱ˴绰ͼϵ

˵ǴʲôԵģô೤ʱ֪ͨңϺǸŮ˽氡

绰˼Ӿ͹ˣŹϵ¥ţ˳¥ȥ
¥̵ͼϣ˾̧ͷۡ۾ӷŭЩζ

ʦáǾϹʺá

ͼ϶ͷ˫ֻ³̧̧°ͣ˵

Ǻģ

ǵġ

ộҲȥ

Ҿù˾ͦõġһɡ

ҿ˵һγǹ˾һһͬ°ɣͼϴսһЩ翼ǿǣǹ˾

˵ţſƬͷһһǶԷ˾Ƭһһŷ

ͼļЦЦ˵ά˹Ƶ꣬ͳ׷ôţ

һ⻰һƤ˲ӬƵġǿάòҵЦ˵

ˣʦӲƵϲողŶͰȥʳóԵĶҾͲˡ
˵꣬תߡ

һ⻰ͼɫˣĿƬ͵˦ǽϡ

Ѿʳõûд̫ҹҲΪ˿أ͵һƹϺһ󼦵
ڽسԡͺոյûзһ

ԻƹЩɬڣǣȥ̨ҪһСѵĴס
׵İ̼СӳúãֻиƹϣҪ

һԵĴ˵

ɶأǵҪʣͱˣ

ͷӣҪܣ
ˣ˵ˣ



Ŵү˼İ죬ոձĵת

صᣬϴϴЩԾˣ
һƱӣȻԵڱ￴

ҽ˯ɣԹϣǳͼѾ˺Ȼأ

һԵֻ֮ǰ¥ݼƢͼϣҲôˡ
ţ˱ѣСӶͦݣҲû̫ûš

ֻĵƹ˵ĻĻϵӳ

ۣʵеͬᣬмһȥɣ

ĵͪ()

¥ϵĲҪһӴðɣ빥׼㣬˵˫ͷ(ɻ)

۽㣬ʵİ׸Ͻɣ˲ֵã

Ͻ飡ܣ

ҪȰ밡ôһûʲôȥģ()

¥ϵĻôȥͬޣ˵ʲôƨ

¥ϵģϹ0

ǳ֤ݣû뵽ˣ̫ˣǰкøУȡˣ

һЩǽĿϰķ˿

ǿҪϰ2ͼϵĵʦλã

֧֣Ҫ˸ĳᡣ

Ŀǲȥģ



һֱˢ˺ܾã˷һЩԾԵС˵

ѾʼɾˣĺֵĹ˾Ѿʼˡ

ǲ淴𣿡ʵ

ģĸƽ̨ѹؼһֲ춢һطʱһȻϴĲˣ˿һš˭Ҷ˵һ䡣ԵĻ

û취ǽǮ
ң˵ȦĵǱҲǹʶǲܱȡ
ʦҪȦ죬͵úúһ£ǼȥǽܶԷЭ̣޶̵ô
ʻǻѡߵġ

˵ȦķޣôŪôѿʡ

ԵȦʵȦҲɣڵʲô氮ѡ

˶ԷʵĻͻȻĸС̷򸾣뷴䣬ɻ;ȥԵ

ôƵġ

УûԹ⣬ûܣ

ûмϾԼҲ֪£¶ۡ

һ˳˯ȥ

ڶǵһιݵĽĿ顣ǸԼĶ飬һգۣʱ͹ȥ˺ü죬ĿĵһҲˡ

Ŀ齫108ϰƬ˹ٲǵ΢

΢ڶǸڴҲʲô񡣺Եһڱ￴һڣ˵Ļ

Ŀ֮ǰ˺üѣ־Ӫ˲˹ۿ
濪ͷһηǳſ𺳵ȫģǧŶ侩Уʮ𺳡

һ룬ͷϰӪʱʮӺǾͿԼ

ҺãԺֵġ

ȻݵʱûʲôԾĻϿԼȴ÷ǳΡ

ǵĻһֱˢ

ͷСĺ˧

ҲãվھҪ

ˣ΢ѾˣڻַĽ׶Σӭɣ

ôз˿𣿡⣬Լų
ԵԹĿһۣ˵

㲻֪㿴˵ű˽Ŀ΢ڵƬ

ƬֱȺһ˶ѹôԼվӣȻֵȦǵһ
һιݵĵ죬˿ע⵽һȺŰɫƵŮǣԼ֡

ô֪Լϲɫ
ͻȻԼڹ˾ʱԼصı񣬴Ҳǹ˾Ĳɡ

Ǻܸжġ
ϾôһȺˣزʶȴԸðź֧ԼòسǱߵͷʾ⣬һ󾪺

һιݺܿ͹ȥˣΪ¼ķ˿ҪһڲȥԺ󣬲֪ôֳķ˿ȴѾ֪ʲô

ĵȼûиı䣬B402ĸˣάB״̬ζϰ2棬ĿǰΨһõԱᡣ

ڵϣĸףڴϣͻȻϵͳˣ

Σ񣺴ţ塣ȱɱĺࡢ뾨ȺȼAǷܣ

ܣ

ʱתУԺ󡣡

ۣĿεɫԶһһƬڰйڶţԭԼںס
Ժض£һĶǰΰεġ

ϸһԭǴ֡ԼǱˣ

ϵͳأ

ڴУԺ󡣡ϡ

ϣʼԭԼһֻ̫ƽ㡣
ĿǰΪֹоʾ̫ƽ㣬һܳף50

֪һ걾ܳ9.1ף272ûô󣬲Ҳһ̫ƽ㣬ܳ7ףһٶ๫Ҳһһˡ

̫ƽһһٶ׵ĺڵȵĺס

ϵͳһֿʲô򣿡

¿ŻǿʴҺĿǰûΪٶ ޴()ֳǿʴҺѡּ졣

֣ϵͳԽԽǿˡ

˼һᣬ̫ƽ㱾ӵɫϸɵɫ뻷
ȻˣʱںȻҪԼɱﵣ¿ĻǲܷŹġ

ѡٶȡ޴()ǿʴҺ

ʼ졣

һԭĺӭһλȻ
޴кﶼη緭ڵľ˿̵Ѿһܳʮףؽٶֵĺ
޴Ĵ֣ϺˮеĽʯˣԴԣʹӴҲԼͨСռȥ硣

ĶԣӦǵϳֹģĿǰΪֹ෢ֵˡ
ڱҪʮңҲ൱ܰ

ڴ󺽺ʱ;ţдعĴ˵оഫĻ͹¡
磬ںøˮֵ㣬ʵˮǳβֻҪˮһͻᱻԵо޴㴥棬෭

ھ
קųĴ֣һ¾γԶεڼĴֻ һҲ
Φϻһ̫죬ԭСӹò޺˵Ĳ

ڴǰ棬һһСľĸӣڻæ
æսһԭͷĨ㾨ʱĸϣһ蝡
ֳקţʹǱһǱĲ蝣͹Ĺ⣬ʹ̡

ĸıԶѪҺӿɫĺˮȾһƬ

ǰֲӣ𲶾ϵˮһ󾪺

ǿʴҺ˲ϿĨ㾨ĸæǱȥ
Ҳ˲ùܴϵˣҲǱȥѲ蝡ĸĨ㾨ҲΪ̫ضȥ

Ĩ㾨ĸԭһֱǱͻȻֺһĨ㾨Ҳϲģʹǧꡣ
ͻȻô㣬ʵһȻҪˡ
ĸæôסҶϵͳ

ϵͳϽģưɡ

ûһᣬƲչܿһİ˲蝡⣬ѪҺܿͱֹסˣ˿Ҳϡ
СĨ㾨Ҳ㡱ҪģҲŵӴ

˵СĨ㾨ҲһȻɶڵССһֻȥرɰ̲סôһԲԲԴ

ʱеãΪĨ㾨ĸǱıȽϼԺĿҲ٣ѾЩȱˡֻðеĸϺ档

һǵĶ˲ע⣬û뵽һڣЩ޺ˣȻ˲Ľ˹

ϵͳϴǸٶһҰɣ

ΪعŵԷ

ߴ޺ˣ

ϣǹֻҪץǾˣ

ȻǷ壬оϻӲΣǽ֮¡ԼҲӦԼǣƫƫǻҪϸ
ɿĨ㾨ĸӣӭȥ

ϵ桢ڡͬһƾ輫ٶȣԼ㱾ԣܼĹࡣ
ûӾ˲¡

ۿž޴ĹʧУԱǷ׷վڴ´
ﻹŸֲĹߡ

ʱһ˳һĴԱһЦ

ѾˣǻץĨ㾨ɣ

ڴ˿̣ҡüԱûվȱ˦˺
ȥĴԱں˴ǵһĻ

ͬƻõӰһ㣬һֻ޴ڴף۾еô
ڴѾһѿڣһڲϵš

ϣһԱҴҵ洬

ˣճѷ죬ˮӿ˽

һ⻰Ҷˡ֣򶨵˵

˺ˮԸĹʣµ˸Ͻ֯СͧѺ

˷׷жͼλḻϴԱװˮ
ûжǣϾˮûʲôĶ֡

רĵǿʴҺƻŴס
ļ˽Ĺ߳ȥȻ˺󣬿ɻŪɴҲֳֻ֣ȥԸǣ

ޱ޳ԱӲسǵޡʧȥ˾ͬϰ㣬ʧȥս
ͬʱ ڶ㴬ҲˮȪӿ롣ϵͳʧЧʼ³

ԲΪ˵ϣ˿̵ȴҴģ׵ˡ

ܶ˶ĵӰ̩̹˺šҲףһҾ޴ûʱˮɵ

ҲˣоĴԱѾƴػСƤͧ뿪ȴ룬ôˮУΧŴ󴬣һ뺣

ˮº˼ȥҲپʼΣü˶СƤͧ

ããޱߵĴ󺣣˵Ǻ±Ƚϵ͡ûʳˮҴǣǻġ

룬ڴúøһʲôоɽһĻһ




37.  ֺ   ƽĺϣͻ

ƽĺ, ͻȻӰĸĨ㾨ʱѾϵͳˣŭĳԱȥ

֮ǰŹǣЩ˻ĻᣬŭĳĨ㾨, Щ˾ֻ챣ӵķˡ
峤ʮ, ؽʮֵĴĨ㾨, ͬһٳĴ󿨳
ЩҴǿеϣСͧͬƮҶ

޴״β߸߾, Сͧһ¾ͱıˡ
ԱȾˮ˱ĳĶˡ

ɽجεǡ

ԷĨ㾨ԱǻСͧɢӣĿСɢһڱĸ
ˮ, Ҳû˴ȣĺˮ»һͷľޡ

ĸסһˮҴߵ, 񻢾ʳһ, ˦ˮ棬С
ھһżⱨ

еҴ߱ĸԾˮֱ, ںСͧ, Ҳĸ¡
ʧȥ࣬ȻǰԵʮС
һʱ䣬Ѫȷ磬е벻, һĿǡˡľ㣬Ҳ˲бһ档

̶̵ʮ֮䣬ֻ֮һҴ߳Զ, õĻᣬʣµ˶ԶƬ

Ŷײ֫ĵӿһΪĨ㾨ĸӣԼΧһƬǽ壬һʱ䲻֪ʲô
ֻŭƽϢĨ㾨ĸӳһƺڸл

ͷ㳯ķȥټ׷ʣܵˡ
ҲںֻĨ㾨ĸΧųת˼ȦƺѰʲô 

뵽ܿ пǵͬ 
Ĩ㾨ȺԵģһ㲻̫ĸȺ

Ĩ㾨Ǳǧ ʱɴСʱ Ĩ㾨Ͼǲ鶯˯Ϣʱ򣬻ǻḡںϢ
żдֻҹȺӵĨ㾨ں˯

 ǵϰ׷

Ĩ㾨֮ǱԴǰһֽС͡ʡǻͨ£Ӱ쾨͵̺ڻӶã³
ҲǡǡһַǳʵĹҵ͡

׻˵ ƥ  
Ĩ㾨нľͣҲͳΪ˲ǰġ
ǵĴģɱ

ĽǶʷչһֱȻһԸĴ󡣿ɶĨ㾨Ⱥ˵ȴĥѡ

Ӻ׵ĳҵ˼Ͱ һ֬Ʈ˳Ǿ͡
Ĩ㾨ĸӷɥʧ׵İ䣬ںԵøտԶ

ʮӺĨ㾨ĸ뿪ˡǶи飬ڹ¶߮һƬε֮ ϣδһԸǵȺ
źʲôûзƽ棬Ҳˡ

ƺ󲿷ֵҰȻ 
ϵͳָ£Žȥִ޺캣

̫ԽԽˣ޺Сط֮磬ΪһС塷ļ¼Ƭ

Ƭϸ¼̫ǣÿ궼Ҫеĺɱ 
źǨ㣬̫ҵԴ ÿ궼мǧͷͣڴ˵ʳ
ÿʱ صİվͻ֯ɱࡣ
ôֻԴӰ캣ţһССĺУȻΧԡ
ǻĺжϺļ 
ʱǻὫ⵱Ǿȥ һЩ׵ģ־ĺ࣬Ҳᱻǻ׽ ѡ ȴźݵԱǰй

һЩСѧķ裬޺ĹԱǴΪΪȷһЩкʣȻ񡶺塷˵š

දﱣߣ׷ ϣֹı 

ڵؾ˵ ģû˸߹Ӧȥ ʲôǺĲ̡
ߵжѾð ǷûκֹͣԼΪ Ϊ

κζ島˹ϵ ͻ˵塢  

˵Ϊ˻ȡʳȥɱ ûκ⣬ΪЩﶼģڵ 
һ˳ԼĹèҿܻöԷĺ Ҳָ̫ժ

Ǻ ЩҰﲻһǶġʳɻȱһڣĲɱ ҲʹûĶ𽥼 һǳӵ¡

˵ һվվĽǶȥ롣

һ˳èԹִͳΪԼ档
൱ĶﱣߣΪڵиԶķչȻʥĸ⡣

ϣϵͳҲûʲôΪϵͳķߣҲΪܹδǼлò֮ 
Ǿη𣿿Ҳǡ

˻ĺôȻҪվϵͳ⡣
֮ǰ԰Ҳˣϵ˭Դ֮ڴ˻ϡ

޴̫ĺ򣬸պ˵˶һɱ

ʮͷ౻ССĺУһһѾвȥˣѪСȾһƬ ԺİԼЦ

ڴ˵صĺˮȽǳزסͷԼѹˡ źСȥ
ϵɫϸ ÿһط ͱһɫ뵽˻СѪˮʱ ҲȻһƬɫ

Ȼ߼αװʹḻҲûз֣һȻǶ

С мλСֹź뿪 ÿﶼһֹ ϵûŴ
λ֮ Сֻ׸

СײǿʴҺڼ󣬾ͽЩ׵Сʴһ󶴡
ֻܡûǵ͸ Ҵĺ༫ٵسȥ
ˣԭڸɱ˿ʼƿڴֶԷغԼλãú඼ˡ

ʱǷԼ洬Ҳ⣬Ҳ³

һˮͻȻװ˷һݵһ£Ѫɫĺ濪ʼƶ
ˮףʮ붼û

쵰ô£ϵŭ

Լϵˮǿˣɿ˴֣ɶԷ򰶱ߡ
󣬰ϴ

ȣ 

ҽԺ

ϵæҵжšûд׷Źǣֻק
編ƣûãкü˱ʴ˸첲ȣӿݵģе¶˰׹ǡ

ϢŭмͱȽϴ˹ŵϣʼ

ߵҪЩɱˣȥɶҪЯмˡ

ҹ˳ŵصϪ
һй滮УΪͼ꣬ӵк๫԰ͺ಩ݵĵطȻɱΪĳ

֪˹⿴⽨軹ΪжôȰء
ʴ˵صˮֵܵĵطһ顣

ڸƻĹУоһԭʼĳ嶯ӴĿȻǿ˾ͷҺҲҶයȻԼ࣬ʶǲܽܳ˵ġ

ѸٻصС壬뻹Ǿ
ǣڶһ磬е˶֣ܵˡ񡱵ƻһС嶼Ҳˣһ޴ʯͷһ;Բ¡

ԭڳĺܣҲǳڲԵĺ棬

ʱ̤µ;

޺ůһ·˳һֱߡ

ǨƵ·һʧȥ㣬ǰ£Ѿȥˡ

ϣһ洬ҵ




38.      洬ֻ

洬, ֻ߸ˣ򸾺Ա
߸˶ǵ͵ǧ󣬷ɫƫոմһ㣬̫ڷּ

дļ
Ǹոմͷи, Ҫԭϡ

ϴ, Ҳ֮ˡϣܶ㡣һԱԴ˵

Ц˵ С, ʲôأҪǱˣҪġ˵ôõ, 㡣һֻԴĸ߼ۡ

ŴУζԻ
ᣬ֮һʳα仯ռŸߵʳĵһϯ֮ءɼĿеĵλ

֪ʱ, ǾͷһʳڻĹ , Ѿ㷺ʳˡ
ΪĹĽ, Դ١Բǹʱִĵ󲿷ֶɽڶ

ȻĹĲ, , ȴһѴ

ý壬ԻΣ˵
ʵϣһƫ
ʱ٣ֹ֯ڻĽ, ûûɱҲڴС
֮ŵϸܿء

ĹϬǡ׶졢ᡭʽµ
ֱ½߳ɣͻ˰˳ɡ
ɼʹ, ûиı粶

óսʽ΢гϣصͳʾҪռƷһ뻹ࡣ

ʵΪںˮ棬ΪӦˮάǻƤ¾ۻأԴƽ뺣ˮ͸ѹ

ҺҪɳɷ֮һҲͳ˹Ϊģɧζ˵

ɼʹˣռͷƷ
Ϊζ˵úܶŲɣѵΪһζʳ
һҲζȴǶ˲

ʵ֤ʹѾԼζˣǶ㲻͡

ó׷ǳʢʱ򣬳洬㶪뺣ˮУԼḺء

ּͥʽ洬ڴɱ㣬ûġһ㶼ԵҲνġ沶

ϾһЩƵ洬Ϻʨ㣬󶼷ˡгĴήԼڶﱣɵơ
һ£񶼻㡣

Ȼ¾洬ǺܴҪƷ׾١

ûƴϾ沶С¼ԷȴûзŹ㣬Ǳѵ

صĴ¶ˮ棬洬 Ӳѹȥһ׶ࡣ

ʹԱǶɵˣצǶʶ˴׳Ļǵһμ
ͬʸڴϣʹֻͣ

ڴ׼緹Ĵӣ˹ػӾͳˡ

ҵ찡ʲô

㣡㣡ЩȻĴ̫Ǵϵ߸˶оëֱ

Ӻ޴Դǰ

ӷֵļУһԵɷæס죡¼ŭǰͷ
ʮˣǴ涼ʮˣһ籩⣬˿ֲĴڡ

ҡΪĸ˵ĹǼٵġһԱ˵һ仰

۾ٶŵЩ˳͡
ʶƺ˵Ļ

˶Ŵˣ̧һ˴˻еӣ֪ͷҪʲô

ԷûָָڴϵϽġ

޴Ĵֽһһǰָһҡʾǣ

ٲ㣬Ҿ͡

һţȭ״Ȼвʮ㣬ǲȷԷûԼ˼

ȻǶ˵ģ˷׷׵ͷ˵

㡭ŶˣǲٲˣҲٲˡ󷢴ȱŹǰɡ
˹ڴϣˡ

״õԼҪĳŵɿ˶洬Ľ˺СڴϵΪΣѾȥʱ

һѸԽˮ棬ԭಶȫɨȥ˳ǰæˡ

˸һѵ

ʬµĵطȥߡһ·ǡѺáġ롰ŵ

һںĴƮڼʶרҵĲ顣⴬㻹㣬װʲôģҲ֮ǰǸͥ洬óһꡣ

ҴϣѾ㡣֮ǰЩΪͨͬǵַͲ趼൱

Ѫ㵹뺣ˮУԴ㡣֪Ѫζ쳣УûãնԱ߾ͻᱻ㡣ʱ򣬴ԱǾͿʼ˲̡

ϴ㣬ܿͻᱻɱԱὫǵһ𣬵ȻҪĿĲᡣ
ϵıؿɲֻ⣬һЩδ˽ĵط

˶ĸ࣬Ľӡ
ӵеĸ࣬һƸܡһֽϩʡ

ϩһ;㷺Ķ಻࣬и߱ʪԣԳӦջƷС
ֲҲнϩѶ̫󣬳ɱ̫ߣ

һ㡣
ˣ͡еأҩ򱣽ƷС

ڻ֯ߴǴѵʱȴǺš

һֶ򣬼ǲעĵطʳȺ

ԱǽˤڼװϣȻʿǵĶӽõ൥ȡʣûõĶ뺣⣬Ѹ˴䶳ҡ

С洬ʹ洬⼫׸ܣһ£ͨǲǻȥģĴ洬ﾡá

εسȥ

ʮӺ󣬿ںϲˣʼٸߵƮȻȥ
Щն㣬᲻ṥǣǾϵ˼ɡ

ļ꣬ȥ˴ȥҲвͳͯɭֹĵط

ΪֲĴ˵˵ǺҲ˵

ͷûľĳ֣׵߸ǶԺ֪̫޴ˣûмʶ˾޴㡣
һЩר˴׽סоںＴʹǺǱͧʹ

䣬ֻҪһȥͲκټ

һʱ䣬Ϊ˶׷صǱϵͳİ£̽˲پĺ

ط֣ȻڣһЩǧĵط

ĺȫǻɽڣ¶ȼߣˮľѹ£Դﵽٶȣȴһܴ

ֳϡŹֵĽ֫Ϻз׿ĸ򣬻д棬Լڵıң㡣

ûй⣬¡ѹȻһ̬

ϵͳĿ£֪֮ûҲܻΪ׻ɽһ˾ 

ɽڲϲ⣬ǵϡΪʳ߼ԸΪʳһһһİ硣

һּ㣬˯衣һָ˯裬Ŀǰּ׵ٵĴڣһͳһףԳ춼Ҫ150ңɴꡣ

Ǳڰˮ㣬׻ɽҲСڵϴ꣬Ϳͬʱĺݽɫ

ѾıԣëգǺʳ֮һ

ȻϵͳҲƽ޹ʰźˮѹβι۵ġ
ҲǱռĿģϾʵżߵļֵ

ԣȫϵͳεεε

һͷˡںε˼꣬

ΣAɣɶC

ȻֻCɶȣҲǣ˾޴Լһʱ䣬ʵҲûиı״

ַͻǷܸ죿

˽һһεĻ´·ȥ

һοɲٰѱˡ




39.  ɽ֮   ҹˣҶݡ

ҹ, ҶϢĻݶǾĵġ

ͬεںڰèƶ˶ʹ·

˼ȥԡҽܻ졣Ͼˮ, һεĻˮйء

ɺ, ոϵͳֱǣʽ¶Ȳ
ʽ˼, ˮеĺ٣ֻǹ˺ųη֣ԲƤ´Ҳά͸ѹ

ڸ˯, һӣֱӽꡣ

¶ȲӦڼ˻С

ڵһԭЩܵģΪԼϳ, ô죿ܼ
ԣǳᡣַŲµڶ, , м˿Զ˵أ

ǣϵͳ

ϵͳ, ᳤

ϵͳΪЧ, ë֮С

Ǿͺãһشеʯͷ

ƾ֮ǰںϵҹһƬ£ԡҡ

ŷ, ʼܻ졣

賿࣬վԡҵľǰ棬ֻŹ, ƫԴ˶ǰ˴ļҲ漴ɡ

ȻһɫĿӳڶ档զһͺ䱻һƵģģʮֺˡ

Ҳкüڿƿصļǳڶͷ£һֲˣ˿Ϸ졣

մȥͻҪԼۻȥվϴֳǰ

ͷ죬һֹҸѶȵĶˮͷֻΪ˲Ūʪ·ѡ

ˮཹཾͿʼ࣬ͨڼˮ

ˮе˲䱻ûѪҺһµĸоֱȫĺʵð

ˮʱһͻȻ

㡭ڸ

ã˹أ賿ģô˹ԡأ

룬æˮͷ۾ſڿȥͷţ

Է˶٣ô죿

Ϊ̫ûüųˮӺ׺Ͷʪ󱳵·

ſվŵһ쵰Ĵ۾кʱһŹֵĿ

ոʲô

ûп𣿡̽ʡ

ԷãȻضҡͷ ʲôûأֻԼԼϴ̨ǰ

ǺǣҸոϴͷЦ

ϴͷԷ



̤˳ȥϵĵƹԷ

ԭѽ֪㣬Ҷ˵ѡֵ뿴ĺúÿƤҲãû뵽ܡ

лл佱ʲô֣˵ûû˵ģæĽ

ҽлӿ

ܸʶ㣬ôôԡ?

ⲻǣ˵Ҫȥɽջ㡣ҿָߣԺµ˯žڱһ亹ʹŴû𴲣ϴ衣

ԭˣҲҪȥɽҪڳջ㡣

ЦŶǰͷ˵:

Ȼˣϴ

첽뿪ԡңϵ·𤣬øϽỻ·ȥ
ţǶ˯ŵó·Լϡʪͳȥɢˡ
ȥܲģһ뵽ҪԼ·٣Ҳʹͷ
ǵѵѾûʲôôˡ

㣬ݿʼÿᰤţҪߵȥϸ

֮ǰһѾ̭58ϰڻʮˡ

æ𴲵ʱѾú緹Ǵ͡
żæŵˣŵͣӯؽְ

Ŀ֯Ŵʮϣվ

ʮϰϽĿˣƺƵͳվȥ
ʮʮͷСӣʮֳġһͲ֮ǰʱɰˣڳ˵Цģ˸衣

·Ͽ˵ǻЦﲻϣȻҲһԭΪ˾ͷ֣ϳǰصطԸһһҪ

˸վ˾ûôˣϾϲͬˣҪעӰ졣

Χÿǣһô˧ʱֵкվһ𣬶׷ߴе˻Ƶ

ȥɽٶȺܿ죬ֻҪСʱ͵ˡƽȵĸλϡע⵽Χϰ׷óױƷʼױϾȻỹҪϾ

û׼ЩһԣԵҲóһbbʼ
Էһۣ˵:Ҫ𣿡

ˡ

ô𴲣Ĳȥȫױȥ?

˵ţԵһ£˭֪ٶȸ죬ܿħצ

ۣ㿴Ƥĺúð

һɤӣɹǰŵĿⶼ˹ҷ׷ѯôġ

ֻң˵Ϊ˯òƤõģҲǻˡ

ԭΪ֮ǰı䵭໰ԶΪǸ׽ĸУڳŷ֣ԭǲ̫罻Ųϲ˵ġ

ںĿɷʱϰһЩǣ󲿷˶Ǹ䡢ƯʵԸˡ

лӿ͸ˣֱӽԡҿϴͷ˵˳ȥȥΪһ

ɽôһǿ϶ġȻһ춼Ҫ˷档
ݾôɽһɽľͷȻ³ϵɽһΣɽһΡһ𣬾ȫΪȫˡ

Ϊξͷ£ǰÿļλϰعʸߵļλ

㣬Сʱ꣬˷嶥۵ķǰϰ

ڵʮȴɽľͷʾǰ档

˼ȥʱ˿չԼȻǳںġͻȦĲˣѾ˾ˣô෺ĵĺġ

ѡĿ·֪֮٣һһɡ

ƺǲĿ鱳⣬ԭǰʮ˸῿˵:

Ժʲôˣ㲻ҪţҿĿܱʲôĲҪ׼

û˵̫ףֲɵʱı֣ԼѾĿ鵱ɸˡˮڡҪ׬Ǯܵ

ʱѾ磬ҶĲˡǻɽֻ֮һЩС̵꣬Ķ

ԭҶڵŵݴһӣҳԶ
˭֪ݴһӣӱͳͿȪˮ

Ҫ!

Ҳ̫˰ɡ

ϰԹԼĺ룬Ц:

ˣԵÿп࣬Ϊ˰ôˣɽϵĶҪѽĿȥ

Ͻ꣬Ͻ!ĥߴ̫ҪɽˡȻǿҪջġûûԱŻˣɲҪҰ

ôأǵó԰ǸֵġΪɰͰ͵Ҳܽζˡ

һȺ˶ڶĻɽϣź̹ǵɽ磬ָоͲһ׶Ȫӳ

Ϊں¶ȲĻԶ̶ȵĺ䣬ûʲôоģһȺڵġ

˶Ҫʼǩˣʮˣʮ飬ʮһ顣

һ鹲ʮһջȥջһͷСûֿ

ջǳվ˵ǰĵʿ޽ͱ֮ϰװһջûбʩ֮£ɹһ

ΪĿջϰοͨϰŵȫС

һȫȥǰʱһ𱣻ãŲĿĵء

Ϊһ·οͷʱҪԽЩˣȥʮ־մ̼

ϰڹԱİ£װ˰ȫɵǿɽǧʱһкüϰ⡣

ݣҿɲԲμ!ֲ̫!

ҲǣҲǣҿָߣܲˡ

ǰһεġ

ô༤ҵķӦһ˵:

ԣֻμӵĻûʲôͷˣҪú

⻰һмԭϰ죬»صȥˡ

ʣµʵڿָߵˣûоͷҲȥݾ׼š
¼ƿʼ

ڵĵһС飬һСˣʶг½Ǹлӿˣһ裬һơ

˫ȲϷлӿѵ:

㺦¾ͱӲˣСĳ¡

ûû£ҿԵġ

ǺðɣܲҪʱ˵

һ˳񣬻ʱ ˸˵ֽŶɸĺ

ܿ죬ڶҲ˳ʱһϳˡ

һŸˣ͵ڶС˳һˡ

Ÿ˿ʼĿĵȥ

ӳģһ£ɸֽɵ̨ף״һҲ
泯£ľͱڣӾǿһСعŰȫȥ

ǵľջˣֲΪͽ¾ԨоһҪĸо

ڵлӿڴҶʱƽȵŲʱڶԭ·ˣڶԷҪǵԽ

ڵڶĵĸˣԽʼлӿĺʱⷢ!




40.  ʵ     ǧ֮ϣ

ǧ֮, ĺϣͬ۵Ӹ⡣
䵱ֵǱ̹ǣ֡Щ˵ˡ

е˻, ˵, ȫ̴䵽ݵļϡ

ڶĵĸԽ, ʼԱߵлӿʱ

лӿЩԾָߵлӿڳʱĿ־֮£Ѿʧȥ˶ֽŵĿ

ұ, ˻һ˫ֻ߬ȫۡ

ŸŲһ°ҹȥ

ڶǸ˼ϣҲˣϽߴ١

ʱ˶һ, ĵлӿȻκأͬʱ⿪ۡ˴һûбʩ¡

ôΣյĶ, Ǹϰ:ˣҪҰ

, һǡðлӿĻлˡԼȻ⿪, ֮, ʶ!

һϰΪ˸ϽȥҲһۡһӣлӿİϰһ׹ȥ, Ϳһȫ֧š

ڼǰ˻һĻһˮĻϡ
Ҫǳ, Լɾˣ

ҪǣлӿñŵǸϰӣkinoŵһµĶӣ׵̫ү

Ҫи̣ԼϹͷñʱˡ

Աأ˰

ŵ궪ǣæԱ

ڳ˶֪·λѾջжˡҪ߹ȥ͵ûʱ䣬ƾԮû˾Ѿȥˡ

ʵҲȷˣлӿֲסԭӵȻҲ֧ȥ

Ͳ¿رȲҶ
Ҳܣһȫѡ貿ֿľϣĥֳֻۡԼ壬ϻһһٶˡ
ҧ:

ɵƣҸȽŵ㰡

лӿȥ±ڣֻϧ˴±ڼǴֱ90ȡϵһľ壬ûŵĵط

أаҸ!лӿƴĹҲš

˵ţֻһЩʱӵСȣֻýű𣬷ֹȥ˵:

ټһ£ԮҪˡ

ҲˣֲסˡءԺ󣬼ǵø˵ԶһһҪǵøҵСڹ껻ˮڶյǮıס!

ۿ˾Ҫȥˣɴ˰ȫһԵĳ½״ֹ:

ʲô?ǿʱ򡣡

û£ȥˡ

˵꣬ͷһ̽׵±Ҳе

Ͽ˷ϰץסľ壬ͬһֻԳƮڿС

ǰĵݣˣĵ:ˣһǿ!

죬ָ!һֳֻлӿȥ

һ!

Էһ»ȴһֻֻֻ֣һ㣬һץסлӿĸ첲ק˹

ȲʧȥһӣƾԼɫϾһȫԼ

𾪵ĿУ絴ǧһ㡣ֽ˻ΰΣ͵˦ջһԵϰҲϽˣæУ㽫̧ȥ

˰Ȼһͦȥ

鵽زĿȻǲټ¼ȥˡҲջҶͷؿʼظϡ

ºлӿͣ˼죬˵˱ŵˣҪú
ҲһЩˡ

Ϊ´Ӱ󲿷ϰ˾ѷӦ˵ݵĹΪǵݱ˸顣

Ϊˣ֮ǰһЩļƻ

ϳʱܵ˵עĿεԭضߡ

һ죬Ҳǻġˮ䰸侩ܹΪڡ

Եɶڱ￴ƵڿƵԵڳæҵӣĻǹҲ̲סЦ˼

ɾͷתĻġǰܡ

һΣڸһǳȼ֡е⽣ӰЧȥͦ¶

Ǿͷɨ֣Ĵ壬һŵıӭһεĻ٩

˼ǣǾ:СӣûȤѧɱһõĻ˲

Ŀ񡰱ɱš͡Щ츳ѡ
һȺ·˵ۣͨԵֻԼ΢˿ڽĿ˼ʮ

ȻҲðһЩõۡĳԹƽ̨ۡ

ɱСǲǻ?(ͼ)(ͼ)

ȥû뵽ƽʱôǰ!

Ҿ˵ôô֣һôô߹ʱ̡ԭǻʰ

ЩۣǺܶߵԵ:

ʲô˼

㲻֪𣿡

ҡͷ

ԵĿ:ؾָ壬һָѡĿڶˡ

˼ҡڶ?

Ե:ɣ˵ʵһʼҲΪڶģֲ̫񡣡

:ôַأ

Ǹ˵ǴĴŴģ㴩·ЬʲôƣҪ֪ϰģһԣԡ

Ŷԭˡͷʾס

ֽſ˻ۣһᣬ˯ˡ

ֹ˼죬ڵĲأǶҲˡ

һֱۣƵ٣׷ǴĿΪֶΣٵķʽ

:ȥ߸ݵģĿǿٶصͲһ顣

Щ˵ǻʵˣ˵òˣ䳰ȷظ˼¥

۷׷ףҲճ˸ѵ
̸ԸԸĿһ¡ԥһ£ܾˡ

ɻ:֪֪кܶأ㲻𣿡

Ŀĳ壬ǻ𣿡

һʣֱõݵĺˡ

ҲǣڴҶǼٵģǳҲᱻڳϣֻýĿѼӲ

Ƭ: ʲô͸Եˡ

ķ˿ӴˣΪһŪٵˣô룿㲻壬ôΪ綼ûκε

úÿһ°ɣ

ļ̾Ϣһ˳ȥ翴СӵԸеƹˤ˼ǾʹŸƣϣͬɡ

һ˴ڷ˼ӡ
ιݣЩðź֧ķ˿뵽ϵսһƵɡ

˳ͼһǽϳ̡

Էͷ:ͬһƵ

ϲ⣬̣ͳֻ׼绰:

ãһ£ùԱȥǿҡ

ˣг𣿡ʡ

һɻ:

аĵĽ𱭡

ãȥɡ



ȥͣƺкϷ

ʲôϷ

Ŀϵ飬֪ɣڵݺҪͣƺĳƵǿȥ

ߡ

ϰǶĻͣƺϣդغĸҷ˿׷׼

λڴҵӾĵͣƺϣֻ񡣶һϾɵĽ𱭳һ:

ҴҿһʮĽ𱭳һЩе

кܶˣǽĿͬѧأбȽϴ顣أһƵ

ݣɲ˰ɡ廰

üŪ顣˼:!С㡣

ȻѲҵġ˵㡣

˷磬Сѯ:

аգ

!

õնĻش𣬺˴ɲʼԶ:

ͣͣͣ

ԱǴ󺰼͵ģǸλϰͷ˿ǡ

˫ưڳϣһþȫģӲҵĽ𱭳ƽס

Ҫ֪ǴɲģӶƳȥס

Ѿȫ֤ڳˡ

мλϰаҲȥơЬӶŷˣ𱭳Ҳ˿
ȻγƵͳѡȻĿ鱳ҲлǮġ

۷׷״ЦԼ׷ĵǸʲôѡĿ̫ˣʲô˹¼

һʱ䣬Ŀķ˺ܶࡣڿתۺͷ̤ʵˡ

ϣϢ˼ϵͳҲʼ:

ΣCȴɽסڴμɽҲɾܾ

Ҳǵһ

Ϊʲôȴɽ׾CеĴμ񣿡

ϵͳɽΪ鶯٨CۼĿCɽ׿ƳԱֵ̬͹ܾй㷺ĿԣȱسϵͳйΪεȻ񡣡

֪ΪʲôһλЩĪ

ǵȷ

ԼһƬɽ˶壬ɳɳײ

ӹϵͳϢȻ

ԭԼ⡱




41.  ͻͽ   деɽ

деɽ, һֻӡƵѰŵĵطûãҵһԹĶѨ

Բķ˶壬мֺ࣬ȥܺ۸ģϱŵһ̵Ļ

ڳΪһͷܺ, ѧҲм

ֽ, ȴèè, űûһ

ݴĿҲǺ׳ƵĺӣһĿ 

˵, ͺͬ鳤ĿϲʲôèơȮơܿƶʳĿ
ӽĽǶȽ͡ӡĹϵһЩ
Թ󱲡˶ˣҲǡմ״ʡˡ

ս, ĿĶﶼԼĴ
鳤ĿͽһĴڣ󲿷ֶɢװӡݻġһڿӡ

ǿҲеȵһԱͽ, ţ⡱

־ɴ½ĵܺ, ´½ܺ¼Ƭгǵܺ

ѿеġ⡱Ҳ⡣һЩõݣҲǻᱻĲʳɱ

ֻĳ, ЩʳߵԼ뷨ΪһĴ̴, Ҫˡ
ǵĴеȽᣬƶĳʸ̷ǳ, ˵һ棬Խ̷ȥ
ҪˣʹüĶܽȥ

Ϊе, ԰γԽԽһЩҲϲǵĴꡣ

κζҪʳҪ׼
ΪȻУ˺ְ̣βͻϸˡǸȾǶ

յضڶѨʼϵͳ

ϵͳ񿪷ʲô򣿡

ޡԭֻҲֻѡи졣ϵͳеػش

⣺Ϊʲô

Թ˷

Դզࡣѡأ

һҪģ׻˵ǹ׶㣬ѷһϢĴ̿Ϳ߹Чʡ

ѡǿʴҺ
һӣ㶾͸޵ˡ

һʹһһٶģͷǳСʵ

ĴҲ÷ǳܼզһݵ׽˵ԴǿʴҺһȥƾ͵һ󶴡

׼Ϳʼɽˣ̾ıٶȻͦģǲоͲ˵㡣ͣͣڼ˼ҡ

ǻϷɽũ壬֮ǰϻǸʱһڵƿˡ
ũѾ󲿷ֶȥغ򹤣ķҲ߷ˮש һġ

ҡڵؽһ˼ҡǿмŵΰͼȻע⵽˲ǽϵĹһȽģأһͺϢ

ԭ98갡

һϵͳûṩϸϢÿԼˡ

Ļģ÷չɿ죬гȴǱȽϻҡ

ҰζгˣһЩ˸ԣԺ󣬾Ϳʼ׷̼Ұζһ־ΪʼռţԵԽҰԽ

ڴĿУɽױɱһԭǣҩá

Ϊͳҽ棬ɽ׵ļƬһζҩġ
ʮо֣ɽ׼Ƭȷ»һСѪĹЧ

ǺһЩ˵һ˵ָ׸û𡣾ͺʯʯīͬһɣȴ˵߾һ

ںҽȻѾɽ׼Ƭҩϸܿأܲá
Ҳҩɷֽɵ´ɽױΣñӣҽͷϡ

ͳҽΪɽ׵жģд˲ܳԡ

ʱġݸĿомأ磬缲˲ʳ伲һ֫ٷϡȻζ಻á

оҲ֤һ㣬ɽ׿ܺ𡢹һһЩ״м

κһֵǵһԭҩֻԭ֮һ

ϢرƻҰζгƤó׶Ҫһݹ

ʮгǧĴɽױɱƤﾭ޺תŷһֱƤҪ߼ƤϡЩڶ

Щν׳󷨵ˣǰѴɽ׼දﶼ˸顣

ǣɽﲻһʳԵһһ԰ϣ࣬ż۷ͻƷ׳档

ҲϾǱ˹ֳĻᡣϾҪɽ׵Ļ͵㹻İϣǳɱ̫ߣʵ֡

ڵĽУɽۼĿֻһ֣ഩɽˡ

˵߶ػĽ֮·ϣ󿲣ʹôɽ׽һͬѡ

ҲΪʲôϵͳֱжɽΪC

ĺͺһЩˣȻҲΪɱ

ǺرסˮԡͰȦһֳҵ

ҲʹҰȺԴϢȵɵı

ͬߵ׵Ľ·ӣֻǽսףɽס

Ȼɽ׵ļƬҲе㷴˹ܣҲϺԲˡ

֮ȴԶ

᫲ƽ·ϣСڸ·ȥϿ˵ĵطŻҰζóס

һ·ϣˣȥһԵĵ͵Ե㶫
Сʱ̤ˮ·

ۿӾǰͻȻͼһͻ¼

һ긾Ůˮ·ϣӭ濪ĦгݵСӡŴ綼ȽϹ죬ͷҲĳ

ھǸŮʱ򣬺ͻȻ֣һİһڶԱ˹ȥ

Ůˤ:

˰Ǯ

Էȴฺ·ˡ

ԭǴ˵еġɳ

ĦгٵķʽѾ֪ʲôʱеˡ9000Ƚ϶ܵʱ۳ǺڰӰӰ죬һСå
ҲʱزˣĹ꣬Щһȣ㲻ʲô

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ûжǿʴҺż˻δģ²мҲá

Ҿʹ֮£Ħгܿ෭ˣ˱קһأ֪

޴ĶΧ˼ҵע⣬Ƿ׷߳鿴һСӣͶǸŮ˵һ֪⼸ƽжô˺ޡ

ŮԼİͶŲѪĶ˵

Ҫ

һԵĴүȰ˰ɣ첻ץǣûʮءҲûؼͷˡˤҲɻˡ

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ӣֱгȥ

СгĹ滮¾ɣµذţҲࡣ

ĵطѪˮһأءצӹġ

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һֱȵʱ֣Χ˶Ϩ˯ˡĵأһûע⵽ĽøʴҺƻ˿˽ȥ

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Ǳаʶ˵ȴǶ

һӣﾪеĸˣڣһûȳ̯ˡ

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ÿʮӣԱɧңöǷ

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ڶΣˮƿ

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һԴɽĸӣţһǰһʧǲҪٱץסɡ

˺üΣһЩٶȲ죬̲Ķȥ

һСʱ󣬾ʣһͷҰˡ

Ұ֫͡ţﲻܶ

ŪӣҰƿڴ˳ȥҧҰϵ˵ĽֵϣûԶɽС

ڵȴԼ˻ȥ˹ҰУԼ

ӣгһСȰ̯ϰޣҰĵط׼װ

һɵˡ

ҰأҰͷжжյء

ˣֵǮûˡ

ʣһͷҰˡ

ϹҰ

Ŷôܣơϰսһ룡治Ұ

࣬ոտۡ

ҰǺôһͷɾ˰ɣ

Ҳһ

ɴûǸϡĶ¶ͷ

ջˣһּۻ֮ǧǮͷдŷƱ

˳

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СĸҰһ۾ߡӦǽӽˡ

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һҲôҶˣͽȫ硣ˣʱЩͷ˲

ϰƴЦԸ˿ȫ硣

ſĵ

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42.  ͯ       Ļ

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ſʳҵ, ضЩ˵ĶҪߣʱضԣ˭ס

һ, ҹ½½һЩ¥Ϊֹˡ

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һӺ, ˽װ̧˳ȥ, һõķ䡣߸ֽǶһ ʵ

ϰ, Ҫôȫ磿

Ǹ, Ļֱʸϵ飬ǵð׼רҵʿ

˵ţݹȥһĺ

ߵ˵Ц, 챣֤飬籨ĵͷͷ

˱ļߣ˵̨, û뵽Լͦӡ

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Լ˼ۣ롣

ϰĳƪϣΧ׶

ʦӣסĲӣʼ
ѡǵıݣԼ˳

Χ˷һ󾪺Ȼﰡô

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ʱʴ䡣λ˦β˳ʦĴȡھ֮£Ӳˡ

Ӧأڵذ϶졣ʦŴڵϷ

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һʱԼ͵º֣ȴ˹ߡ

һΣôץסصˣʲôСûûɱ֪֪ʲôɱ

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Ŀ֮£һͷôҰʧʱ䣬ͣˣֻʣ³ʦȵİ

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ӣһͨͨϣ˶

ҵĴڣڿĵط˱ֽšԭӦúͺġȫ硯ѹ

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ˣԼϵĴҲ޵ġһѺŷԼͺˡڣͿʼצӡ

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Щ֮ıСһһ

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ס۾ôǶ˵ģȥɡ

⧲֮£۾߳ķ˹೬Ĺٶȣûü㿪۾äҧһڡ

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ϴװһֻŵĴɽףʼȥСʱ˳ǽɽ׵󣬴߸Ͻ

Ǵɽ׺϶ˣ϶ϲߡʱڵ߶Ҳʼˡ

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ͲôС۾ð˽ǣҲԽԽѣ֫ʼȭ

ˣһǰ·ʧܰɣ

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ǵһ·ȥɽҲһ·

ò˵ɽ·ģͦɰġţڡǰһڵ˲ݴС

ٴԼѾһɷһŵĴɽס϶һС̺ӡ
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Ϊ棬ݻһ̶ȵĿ߶Ҳ֡Լ;޴

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̺ʱһԵĴɽҲˣ˹ǳǵĲ˲

ͻȻϾɵķűƿˣСߴߴ˽ţͷСŮϲ



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ҽҲҪʦ

Ҫѧң

ҪʦܶóԵģҾͲóҰ

϶ѿ˵Ĳ˶Թ⣡



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ʱܿȥһҹȥ˵Ҫˡ

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43.  ľ   05̳

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, 1215ꡣԼʱѾǳ, Ƶʱˡ

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˭֪ǾͿˡ



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һ֮֡

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֪ڴӻûȺǰ棬ҵޡ

ЩԱҪ֪һһ˵뷨

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ҪĿ꣺ιĺǰȺİֹµԴͷ






44.           ֮£ȴ

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ʼںëԼϴ˸顣ֿ̫ɹ˵ǰɰļ

Ϣ֮ʼߣϣҵ޻򴬶ӡ

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ǰĴϵͳ

ϵͳ ɲԶ

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ŴһݵӣžǲѧҼ洬ҽ˹ˡ

άͼ˹.һȨи˹֪ڳˣû顣

磬άͼ˹.һ

ʣµĴԱǣڵڶ̫ʱ򣬸һԻмòȥˮֵķĹ

ʱ䣬ǵĲֿ˴Ķڻľ⣬Լ֬ĵͣвƤ

һ磬һԱ˵ַ˾ȺʮԱ׷ǰ׼׽ޡ

ؾĸγȵĺֵ⡣Ǳ½ⶳʱܷǻô޵⡣

󣬴֡ŲһӴľȺò̾档

ʱľȺںʳΪûݣʻĿǻºݡÿҪʳĺݲҪ

Ա֯ؿȺõˣȼʻŶľۣĺˮУлž޴ֲ档

ϵκһ룬еӡֻʱһ£ʼק

ˮеľ޹ȥʱֵס˾ȵĿУʧ

ʱ򣬾Ѿֻʣһͺͺˡ

ϵ˿޹㿪ʼߴߴľϵļ׼ȴţ뺣֪١

һӶоԾˡ

ͻȻˮµĶʲôײľۡľϵҡҡλΣĺˮС

ǣ

һľ۵ĵײͻȻһӣˮӿ

żӣľĸֲҲ漴䡣ǰøʴҺƻЩߡ

ʵ̫ˣˮ˱ݴܡ

ûвʧȥһСľۣӼѸֲ档

⼸ˮãܻĻ£ƾĽ

ˮǴͷɥػص˴ϣôŹֵ飬İ꣬ǵһ

󲿷˶Щļ£Ͼ̫аˡ

ûиȥεھȺм䡣Ƿ·ʲôûзӣͣؿźݡ

νǻڰ֣ӴľޣǳˮûС

Զ˵ϲʲôΣʶǳԶ˯

ϵʧȥĽһ»ã2000ͷҵȺӦûܹǧꡣ

ֻϧ˿ֱֲԳ

޵˻ǨԼֱӲɱһҪأǾǺ̡ļ١

17Ϳʼ̡ͱ෢Ƥëļֵ ɱº̡ģ½

Ϊ˵̬Ҫһ̡½ʹú ƻ˺ֵҲֱʹþʧȥʳ

ȻĴڣǨһȫġ

Ҫֹھ޵ĲɱҪֹ̡ɱ

ʱֹȥ˼ڣĸ£Աûв׽һͷޡ

ֿﴢҲڼ١

˼ȥһ⣬취Լ񵽵ĺзָһ㡣ǿҲӡ

ֻĸԤ£ԭΪѪȥ22˱36ˡ

ʣµˣ˳˵ڶ·ݣڿԷˡ

ڴ̵ֻǰһϣ͵͵ؽ˹ָ˺ˣϵֽţҲû¡

Ȼ϶ͨдƻһһɡǻȥüˣҲ¼̫ϸ

ڴϷһͷ⣬£ɲ⣬Ҫ̣
ֱһЩԱͷ£һ꣬۾Ϲˡ

û뵽Ȼף˽⣬ΪʱĺУ޴ľѹϴûŮˡ

еĴϵĸţԼ;ͳ˷йĶΪڽԭ͵ԻҪڶ

ˣ˿ʵȺˣѾνˡΪһ죬ᷢЩ

ҪԵģɾЩΪ̴̰ˡ

һɵ൱ޡ

ȣϵĹæͷβ

ԴԴϵغˣ˵˹ӵðպ󣬷׷װȫˡ

Ϊ˻ǰ߲ͬǿɶʵʵڵıŽҶ

ҲûбҪˡ

ǹⲶ׽ﺣϧģȱ첲ȣǰͷưͣץ۾Ϲӡ

һʼԴԴϵ̴ŴЩԱĲ״ݺݵظ˾ӡ

ΪˣһƬĺҲˮǳΪħ򡱡

أЩֲĴ˵ʵֹס̰͵

ûҲûţŬؼź

ͬʱǳþʯߣʹô󴬸ܿЩ

˶ʮ꣬Ѿǳ˺̡һˡ

ô꣬żįһһ׳ǡ

֪Լȥһڵĺס

ΣCȾޣɶB

ϲشϵͳ飬ռ䣡

ʲôʲô飿Щ⣬ȻϵͳϢԼ

ϵͳͻȻۣȴԼһĿռ

ʲôط

ΧһУһ

ܶǹӰɵĹŹ壬DͶӰ

ÿһϣһͼƬͽܡ˵ϵĶֲ⣬ƻõӰ벻

ȵسͻܣĴһЩ塣

ͻȻǰƾճһŴĻһö˳

ϲͨ˿飡Ҹýʲôʹߣ01ŻռԱţ




45.       ޱȾȡ

ޱȾϵͳ·, εĴ񣬾ȻνĿ飬ǰˡ

ڡԻ𣿡

ȻǣԼʵӦѾˡ

ڵǣɻ

Ҿϵͳʶ, ˵, ҽԼʶϵͳС

úܺÿ, ĺÿ̾һɫȤˣǰ˺ÿ, ʲôģҪÿ

ĻЦ˼˵ȣСһδ˻϶ģ˵иÿء

޷Ǹô˵硣

Ҳʶһ⣺

ǻ𣿡

Ȼǲ÷ˡǵĻͥҡ֮ĸѾʧˡ

ʧˣһǧʲôı䣿

ʱ˵, ıӦúܴ󡣱:лֶȡ֮ǰԼ͹ҹʧ, ȡ֮ǵ䡣
ҲҪӹ, ӤֱӼл÷Сκ˶ɵѡԼԱòԼϲְҵ붼, ûо޴ƶ, ҿѡԼȰĶ

ô磡󲻳̾

Ȼ󲻳ͲˣҲûˡ

ûˣܾȣȽȻҲˡ

ûʲôþȵģһν, ٣ϵͳԾ磬֤ǵĲȷġ

ʲô룿

ЦЦǺǺ, ҽˣҽ£һоԱо۳Ϊۡ

ֻ˵ƽ硣

ԨԴ۱̥ƽۡµͷʼڹ۵Ļ֪ʶ

ΪƽĹǻŵġ

ǵо֣ͬһŲͬķչ·ߡ

һԴͷ˿ߣһʼӴɻڷչĹУ໥Щ㣬ǳ֮Ϊ罻㡯

䣬ͻȻһӰģͣһŷһʼ򲻽ķչأȴŤ黨һ浽һַֽֿ֮档

ָʾžǸ㣬˵

㱾ĵط

Ҳ˵ÿһкüͬʱչͬķż㡣ǵʱͳΪ˲ͬչĹͬת۵㣿

ǵģû߾ǵ

ֵָһߣֻϧչһ̶Ⱦʧˣ

ҲˣǵķչΪ߼ˣԽͬ

ǵģȫһʧ·ߡ
ǵת۵ڣѡ˻һΪõĻԼķչʽ
Ϊһʱ򣬼˵ͬԴ׷
ĴѹЩΪĻͨͨһʧȥĿֻܺ׸ʧ

Ȼ·Ѿչȥ»ص罻ʲôأ

˭˵ûãȻļǰܴɡ
ǣȴһ·ȫطչ۷壬֤пԵġ

ֻϧʽ̫ȱٿԱĻԵЩʱζµĿܡ

˵꣬ǸչͶӰڻ·ϣͬѿһµķ֧

𣿴ž

ˣҲ˵ԼԽ࣬δͿԶһ߼չĿԡ

ϵͳʽи㣬סκһֻڵļֵǹŴʫô˵ţ̦СҲѧĵ
ԽͨԽƽĶ޵Ŀԡ
ռĶǸ̼ĻеҲġ
ҪúãʣµģֺŻ֪ġ

ӵԽԽСʧڿռţгһ۵С̫һ䵭ؿ˵

ھҵˣԺʲôɻͷԸᡣ

ǡֺţջĳ嶯أ

˵ʶѾʧϵͳӵߡ

⣺ ôʧأ

ΪǰԼʶͽģֻüһ֡˵ʶģǾͲҪˡ

㵥𣿡ǰС˵

ԣ˵Ϊ˹ܣ·Բʺϵ񡣡

ǰǵĿƼˮƽ˹ܡ·ܼɣ

˭֪Сһ

δ˶ԼˣԼĴԿ˼£˹һֻڷʹģݷԸûʹڷϡѾǶˣ

ȻǸδˣ˹ܵİ

ʲô֣Ժ󷽱ƺ㡣

ǰ˶ӵƵģһֱӽСҲԽС

СΣ

ҡͷ

ǸðɣҾͽСڿԽϵͳĻ֪ʶˡ



ӴѾ֪ϵͳһЩܡ

λȻԼˡġΪһԼϵͳһЩأǻᱻĨɱ

Լ֮꣬ռĸֻڻУԴ˷֡

СȨޣԼ԰֣е㻥ԼԼȨޱ󣬶ڣȨ޸

ֻӽԺ񣬿ԲþԷͬ⣬Լһˡ  
Ϊ˷ֹԼûһֻСͬʹá

δ˻۶࣬Ķ㵽ˣԼǸнĴˡ

ڴϣδĽ

Ҳһر֮Լ֮ǰᱻ档ֻҪʱ򣬲ܴ

Ᵽ֤˱˼λȻԼͼˡ

һεĻǹ뿹ֱǣθܻ򣬿Լлܻ

θӶԸʳ͵ä˶άθܽʡ
һʺϼĻ

ǻƾ󲿷ֲΣ

лԴޣԹԴʣ֤ѪҺѭİȫе֮ǰĹơ

ǴӻʼıʵĻ
ԺûԵģƤȺˮܻȥ

һεĻûʲôʹУҲûע⵽

ʱ䣬ϵͳȻûа䲼µҲʵʵزμѡ㡣

ΪԽԽ٣ûٰȼˡ402άűĸˡ

Ϊ֮ǰɽջ£󣬾ʵˡ

һӽĿǻصѡ㱾ϣȻиһӾϰ©⣬ʡ

ȻһһЩǣһֱߡ

ڰʱֱӴڵ˵ڶ

һʼΪջϾ˵ƵĹעЩԾ

дӿʼ֣˵ĿΪʣϷ޵ߣȻϰΣ֮زˡ
νġֳԱϡúһ

ͨԵֻѾŪĲˡҲһμʶˣʲôвǡ

̸˻ﻰ˼ʱҪ˵
˾ܼ绰

һε顣㲻Ҫ̬ҲҪȥϵۣڹ˾ڽУģǻȡ棬װġ

ãڽǮʹ飬εģҲûж˵ʲôֻͷӦ

뿪ˣһžлӿԷһʮȵĹ

֮ǰңʱ˶ɵˣֱӻ˼ңûüлʵǲ˼

û£ûͺá

ԷŤһ˵һϵۡұͦģ˺ű˾ˡĲ˵ίлʲôġ

Σڰ֣ʾˣµȥʳˡ

ڻ·ϣͼϣԷֻ˵

ôʶʲôʱˣ

Ѳģʡ

ɱˣһԼʧܶѣһôǮ
ȻҾӾǴΣǡӦҡ

ǰ˷θļһʶԼһûʹù

ͻȻͼϾèһ㣬Ŵͣصڵϣ´һɧζ

ŵģ

ûһۣϢʼ첽뿪

֮ǰĻϻģѹȻ˺áҲкµޣ

֮죬ͼϼ޲ߡ

ĿѾβˣһ칫꣬ŵҪˡ




46.  һι     ʶĿ衭

ʶĿ̨, һȺֱվţȺС

ΨĲɵ̨¡ע⵽Լķ˿ǣɫĵƻأϯһ顣

ЦŶǱߵͷ, 󾪺

û, ˱㿪ʼŵϰ

û뵽, 402Ȼ˳ˣǺۺϻŵ

ʱ, ѾȦ죬ʼԼʵľл˷˿һ

402ӵһ顣

ǵ˶е⣬Ȼǡлӿ

ϰеһֱϲ¡ҲƽӹȻ

򽲻ĶԷ, һʱûñüͷܿͻָ, ںһֵ˲١

, λյϰһֱڳλλ, ˿ͶƱϲϲһȴǴ˾, λһֱصĻ˰ɣ

һ͵ڶǹϵȫ淢չѡ֡½ӡ

߸˵Ľˣȴڵʮλ

ע⵽Լķ˿вѾ˾ŵİɫơӦúʧ, ΪԼһŬͶƱԼҲûг

ʱҲˣ֮ڷ˿, ͬĸƾӹ

˭ҵǿԴã˭ҵķ˿ͦøֱ

ڲμף¥ӵܼĵ绰

ιһε飬ȷǶԷ˾³ˡ˾֮ûи㹫أһǶԷӦºΪһżж

ǿǵĳˮƽԡûȥӴӰԴ

лӿĹ˾𣿡ʡ

ǡʹ黺˵ǹ˾һֻջһڲһ۸裬Ȧһַ˿

Ҳ˵Է֪飿

绰ĬƬ̣˵ţ֪֪۶ҲЩ顣ϵյĹ˾ƲˮҲͣ

ҵ΢˺أ

ҵȻǸշ㣬ǵòҪԼҷʲôøǸձһ¡

á

ûһǸվͰ˺ź뷢˹¼һû뵽ԼȻ˿

һҳͲ㱻ûһֻˡ

Ϣһ99

ȥһ඼Ǳҵķ˿ǸۣԼԼҷ˿οĻ

ҳֻڽĿ΢ת
ϲĥһ¡һģһŷϵıȻͼͨǸյĹĿ˳ȥ

ҿʲôʵϹ

Ƥúð

̵һӪҵĸοˮ

ϵǽǲȥ˺

úαأȥ˺Էȶȣˡ(̯)

ǰȻ̶ѾʾˣͷŹԷɡ

󣡿գ(ˮ)

Լ΢һЩãҲ

ԼΪһ̬ȶˣϣȦ߰ص۶ܲˡ˵ЩͲ󣬻ڲϲսķ˿ˡ

ؾմȾһͷż׬Ǯƽ̨Ψ˿˵Ҫ·ָⲻˡ

ϣԼķ˿ôʱ䵽ĵĳƤϣ簲Լ

ĿѾɣ402Ҳӭֱĸһҷ˶ɢﷹ

ԵʾԼԺҪȥѧԺѡˣҲʾĻʵʵȥϷѧУ

ΨһĺĬһ

ǵЦ

ôˣɲ402µְ

ԵѽѽĸǸһɥúǳģһѡһ

ٻ㲻ץԣԺʽŶʣɾֻ߲ɳˡ

а᲻һߣҾͶ֪پˡһ£Щѹ֣ǽŵоǡո칦ϳԳˣԲ¡

ҲţԵȥӣԭЩƵĸоҲɢˡ

󣬳˶˵ƣЩ΢

ֻðǴ绰ǵĸһߵġڸʱͻȻһ¡

ֻҵʹĵ绰֮ǰǮȫת˻ȥעллǮȻ㡣

ŶԷʾգҲġ

ΪǰʮԽĿǮĽ֮ǰʣµǮҲǮĴˡ

绰̷Ѿ˹ûʲô󰭡Ҳĵһӡ

ع˾ĵһ죬һݹˡ

һ㡣
ƷƷһϹ˾µƷƣ۲裬ϡ
зĲƷкħҪ˶η֡

ǸյݹĺͬƲнһУһʮ2ֳɡ

һӣһμôǮҪ֪Լֻһûгɹ˿ˡ
˵ȦǮ죬û뵽ô졣ѹôԴ

⡭𣿡ʣ֮ǰ㲻˵˾ٵˣ𣿡

ǸգôףǶԷûɣ˾߳ɵĽ
ڵĻˣСһѣĹԼռɣȥ˾ĳɡ˰һʾõʮ򣡸Ҫ˵˾ȡֳˣ

ǩΪ׬ǮģоֵĹǶϸġ
ƷȺͿڱб֤ģƷƷҲǿӾĳɫ֣žǩġ

ˣҲԥƷƷͨ죬ǰݽ׼ѵ
ȥֳ

ƷƷһεأѡһǼƵĶӾأ˿˶ڽܹĵسﱸõߡ

ΪƷкħв߻ʦѡ˵⡣

̱ȥʱױ͡

ΪбĶˣҪװͷ 

ױݱȽϸӣɫΪƬ׺۾ҲɫͫŪ˸

ױʦճ˰ɫļס

Сʱױ׼ϣžɷԼЩİ

ʦ鷳ȥһ·ʦʱһŮ˵

ŶŶã

ԭڽԼ֮ǰӣֻȦ컥ʦûʲôڵԼϾ;ЩŤˡ

װڣϰһױɴǿ

ΪΪʸУԲõĶ˿񡣶ǰǰ˺ü㣬͸һ㶼͸ˡ

°װʦ˵βóô󣬱ųȥˡ

ӺţβͣһŲ˳ģȥЩ

Ӿرߣŵݽ꣬ʼˮ

µģӾص¶ȿ֪пӻĻ

һֱ˼Сʱɹ˼ͷһڽʯϺϵĳ

ͷˬ·ϰһһģһĸ·㡣

ΪˣϵһͷһֱûдﵽݵҪ󣬶ʮƿˡ

Ҫոո˳θ࣬Ȼˡ

ںȵʮƿʱ򡣹ˣ

Ǹæӭˣ

ôû°ɣûʲô

ûʲô

ԷаĶͷ̾ǺãҲ㱻ҪŬҵҲộ֮ǰüͣͣ

һ

Ҳ֪澢Ǻǻ

˵ˣȥˡ

ȥȥ˵ҶˣôˮȻס

ٻ·

воЩԾó鿴һΧֲһˡ

ǸֵĸоһֱڣûС﷽㣬˸䡣

ӺϢ뿪˲ȹսǴҵǸĴڣ

˭ʡ




47.  ٤   Ƶİȫͨڣ

Ƶİȫͨ, Ŷڵϵˡ

һŮӣɫ޷ȥͲ󣬹Ƹϸеӡ˿ڵ, һȵ̧ͷͷŵ

˭͵͵ҸƲļ, ʵ

һʼŮЩ, Ĭһ˵˾䣬ܳĻ

㡭Ǯһ

ԼҪСŮ, ٴȷԼû

סˣԷʩʩȻվ
ģ˿㼯ʴͶʱһ˶ʮ㻨ǮϢ, ɲѡһҲС

˵ŻóֻԼIDһ, ȷһԾȸߵĴۡ

ӦĻ, Ӹϵʽܿ԰ɣԷһ˵

εĺ˼־롣ԷŮ, ǻôǮ봽ۡʱ֪ҪôѾԽˣ

Ŷѽ, ˵Ļ

ҶһˣѶ

Ӧڼҵ͵͵Ƶ׷ǡϵ˵

ɶԷһν·첻µز£  ȣҲ͵͵, ҾƵĽ𿨣ֻ׷ģ
ְ˵˵ķûʲôڲ, ϾûǮҲĿ

УͿԸոսвŵ

ô֪Ҹոսȥˣǡû˰Ůɻ

벻СΪʲôûˣ

ǵһ˿Ȼ˶Сʱ򣬴Ӱװв

˽ֲʱԶǸյ

ǰǸĵģأԶ㣡

ǸסԲ˹ģмɷĸоŮܣ¡

Ǹգ ߣĵƬɾඣ

ҲŮŵǽӣң֪Ұ˭

ŶְλǸһɵӡ

ǮȺ

ŶǸջȻ򣬡ôˣҪɾȻҾͱʱְȥɳȥɣ
㣡
ǸǿӲ̬£ɹҪԷɾ˵ͷ͵ĵĹݡ

ڻȥĳϣµǸսһ£ʣ

ո磬ǿӲ鷳𣿡

û£˽ҪǿӲһ㣬Щ˶ĺܡ

ʣҿͥͦǮģû𣿡

һӣǸձˣ˵

˼άˡǸˣҪǰ뷨תǲǾǮ֧㣬㲻֪ôܾﻹùⲻȥ

ţȷе㡣ͷ

õͶĶʮ𣿡

ûСС

ⲻͽˣܶʱνϲرǲһġ󲿷ַ˿ֻҪõһЦݡһظˣǲڴ˵ġ
ѵԺһ㶼ܾ𣿻ʮʮ˿㻹ʲô˰

ɡͣԼûʲô˼Էھˡ

ʲôɣҸ˵˵иձĶǾУ˵˷˿׷ľ

͵Ǹ覵ǡǿüժ

ĿǸϲĶǷۺݵС顣

żûԼʵƷǰ㲻ǻ¡ҪѧǿӲܾͬʱҲ׹ⲻȥ뷨

ʲôⲻȥģһ򲽽ôһԸһԸġ

ҶԷǮְˮģһˮĹܵõȦͲõ

ԺˣܻһЩĸ˿ҪѧԼӦԡ

ǸյĿͷֻͷһ·Ҳ̵֪ʶ

ڶ죬˾ڣϾûлؼˡ

֮ǰ绰֪ˣС̷ނzѾԺţͿ̷Źڵ衣

̷򣬷ɣæǰ˷

СǰôҲ˵һȥ㡣

û£ôˣֲСӡ

ϳԷ̫̫Ҳڣֻ֮ǰһü۵ءкԲˡ

ֻͨѲ֪ԭ̫̫ǵ֪ˣȵģĹ۵ġ

ҲûţԼڼ죬Ȼع˾ѵҲ˵ˡѵҪȥļµϷ

ʱû䣬ǲһЩҲǱˮнԼпʮ򣬹ŵʱ֮ǰ

ڶ죬ϪԼȥԷһȽƫƧطտ̯

ſ֣˺һҵǸտ̯ŵĴһЩͣ˲ࡣҲ֪Էôҵĵطġ

ǣٵˣˣ

ΪеѣȻϪһһŵӣΪ˻Ǻ

ϾҪѧˣԼҲҪȥϷƶ֪ʲôʱپ۲͡

Եͦ࣬ûһ͸˼⴮

һֱԵʮһŴظ

ڻع˾ǰȡֽ𣬱ȡʮġһҪԤԼС̶롣

ϴЬд˼仰ʱ绰һ¾֪ˡ

һʼֻתˣҲǵĶԷգ뻹ֽɡ

ѵϣ˾ŵһλѧУݽʦϷʽڱȽɣлоġ

Ǹ˵Ƕ̨αĻȻڵѵԺ˵״̬һˡ

ֻһλȦĵӾԱùŮǡ

ڵڶʦЩӳ񣬺Сʱпݵľ硣

Ϊԭ֫Ժ沿鶼Ƶķǳá

ʦ飬ԺҪһֱԱרоɵ·ӡȫΪ˱׼ġ

ʦҲ˵ˣɲ޸ߵ͹֣֮ҷǳıǻӵġ

ֻҪ츳ģȱǷԱɵĸİ棬Ա滻ɫڰڵݳ
Աɲ׸Чʲ

ѧϰʦޡ

һϣ¿κᣬͻȻž˸евĸоֳˡ

ѵ˽?ԣó¥ʲôֵ˶ûз֡

紩ȣЩŹ֣Ҳ˵ϴεĸоǸ˽ģ

ССڿ԰æ𣿡

ôˣ

ԼֵĸоСˡϣŪԭ

С˵

ܰûвʲô𣿡

ûУǳλûзʲô쳣

ǾˣССԵȣһ¡

ŸӦδ쳣̽δ쳣ѧ̽顭쳣棡棡

ôˣæʡ

뿪ǲ٤С٣ʲô˿ֲĴڣߡ

һӸֻģϽ뿪Լ䡣

ô£ʲô٤

Ҹտʼʱ˵ǵͬȼѻõľΪ٤ר̼ġ

ΨһĿꣿ

ࡣ

ǣôģ

šʱԴдġ

ô죬Ҫ

ģСҸոɨ跢֣ڵĻһƶٶȷǳʱõġ

һ˯أ

ǸȲȵȣɨ迴

ӹȥˣҲ֪ʲôûС

Ϣ򵥵ݷƺ⣬Ƽ˰ٷ֮ʮĸȾʡ

Ҳ˵ʣٷ֮ʮĵ˵

ʵôһʱġǵøϿһ Ŀǰֻлװ

ô

Ŀǰ㻹񣬾ȡһҡһֻװһ

ˣҲûʲôð취ܲԼհɣǸûðɣ

ϴڴϣ

ʼɣ

ΣS˹ǵǡʮͣʱմ俪ʼ

û뵽ȵĶȻ࣡




48.  Ұ     ʯ֮С

ʯ֮, һߣӣ۲Χ

ȷûΣ֮󣬾ĵز, ˡ

һ˹ǵϵһڻߡû֫ĸоǳ, ⸱ǵļ, ʹܿӦ˹

ϵͳ壬Ҫһ򡣳֮ǰ߸ߵһƣ

ʮ, ʮꡣһεһ綾ߣͲ֣ʹϵͳҲûռôϸ

ƽ, Сһ25꣬512, ͵ſɴʮꡣ

ڻǲ, ΪǶߣҪ, Դžͼ, ɿʮֲ

ǣһٻ򡣼֮ǰٶ ޴ֳԼǿʴҺܹ˸Ļ

һʹ˼Ƭ̣þ޴󻯺ֳʱá㽫ʣµ˸졣

һһ׳ĺڻ߳ʯͷСԭ, 󣬳˲٣ȴûбȵ峤ߴء

һε˹ǵĴ뵱

˹ǵǰ޶ϲһ, ´

Ͱ޴½ƣ˹ǵͬдද֮ء

ϡедදܣꡢԼСħ֮ƵĴⵡ
еľǣͬѼΨһĲࡣ

ҪĿǣԭڰ޴½ҲзֲģֻһֶˡǾǰҰȮ

лʯ֤֤3500ǰаҰȮ½˰޴½

о½ʱܸ硣
ҰȮҲǧǧǰǨ޴½ġ

ڼǰ˰޴½ʱѾȻ綥ʳߡ
ԭʼ޺󣬵صĴͶＸڲʱҲв²ԭʼǡ

ʨħ(ž)ʹţپ񡭡

ЩǰǶֻͲʳߡЩʧ󣬴ǽӰΪĴʳߡ

ڼǧǰµ˰ޣ˰ҰȮпѧһ֣ҰȮԴڶǣǹŴĹļȮΪսһǨ㡣

һ·£ϰ뵺Ⱥ˰ޡ

ǺܿƬ½ҰΪͺʹԶǷ̬λ
󽫱ĴǾԶʱڵ֡

Ϊʱ࣬ûйӰȻļ԰޵ĴҲһ㶨Ϊ֮µȻѡ

ڰҰȮû˹ǵϣȺƬ

һֱŷֳ߷սһ龻

ڴֵܶģǵϵ˹ˡ

˹߰СƤڡǾʯ

1642꣬̽ռȷƬ죬еߺͷҲʼ

Щֳʱ˹6000ң·ֶʮ䡣ΪԴޣЩһֱʶؿԼ˿ڡ

1772꣬̽նӵ죬ʱ˫ϵǢˮǻһЩ˹ˣЩ˹Ҳ԰˵ķɫܸȤ

һֱ1803꣬еֳｨ˵һֳء

ԭص˹ˣֻΧ۴еֳ߽ӪءɹĴеֳߣȴͻȻǹɱһ˹ˡ
һٶ˵

֮Ǵеֳһɱڲɼ׶ε˹ˣֳߵĶ֡Ҫ֪ʱУв׼ﷸ

˹˱ɱ

ʱ洬еİˣĿֳ߶˹˵ɱּ¼

߱ԴӤӽѣ̵壬֮ǰΧŴͱǵĻ᳡

1828פ˵صһܶ.ɪһͣ

ץһ˽5Ӣһͯ2Ӣ

λΪ˴ȴӻˮִܶߡ
һ棬ֳͣɱԭס
һ棬ԭס׽ƭνİʵΪ˷ǵķСĴռǵء
ͽĴ̼˰ˣǷΧ˹ȻҲ־ܣΧĴ̼£һδɱ

αҶ񶾵.ɪɿ˲ɱԭסͬʱԭסǰ䵱ˣƶˡ

ֳش.ĪﶼǴߡ

183010£һᴩȫķߣʣµ˹ϵ˹뵺ϡ

1835꣬һλ³ѷĴʿŶ˹˵ͬ飬ʼðΣգȥɭ˵ɹһ˹ˣеһз˹Сϡ

ʱԭǧ˵˹ԭסѾֻʣ203ˡ

ٺ203ˣҲΪֳߴĴȾȥ

1876һ˹ȥгᡣ

1812պǶҵʱͯʱڣһֱż˵룬ɭﶫء

ʮ಻ңĸͽ㶼ɱԼαǿδֹĹҲɱ

ʱҲμӹֳߵĶ飬Ҳĸβİҽ

ֻ꣬ʣµһˡ
ǰֳߣҪʬ壬Ҫչʬ壡ϣ𻯺Ĺǻ󺣡

ȻԸûдɡΪһ˹ˣ廹Ǳֳ߸˳Ƴ˱걾
1904ʽ·˹ǲݡ
һֱ1976ű𻯣պðꡣ

ιҲΪʷϣһƪ

˹˵ıˡ

ͬһڶɢ

Զֲ˺һΣȴͬ

̶̳ȡ̶ֲȶ˷ָ

ȻҲЩֳߣûаЩԭס񣬵ǺԼһˡ

ɵڡ°УšдǾ䣺˶Ұ˵Ϊ

꣬ӶĻģֳҲˡ

ƽ飬һĿ꣬ǵˡ

˹ǵϵĴǺԭסһ˼䷭档

һʼֳæŶԸԭס񣬸ûйܴǡ

󲿷ֵռ󣬴еֳ߿ʼӶԴ
ǵ֣ɭ֣ʹ̬ܵƻ

ĻƻĹҲӴ˾ʼϼ١

ĵȴһĪеĴš

Ϊֳũļ󱻶ɱЩ˿ʼһǴǲɱ˼ݼ

ʵϸû֤ʾǴǸɵģΨһͼ¼ҲֻһǱ걾İġ

Ĵǣʼɱ

1888꣬Ϊ˴չҵֳԭ䷽Ϥ·ַͽƻ

ɱһͷǿɵõ1Ӣһֻ̿ɵ10

Ӵ˺20귢ͽƣԼ2000ͷǱɱ˹ǵԴֻܱǧͷǡ

1909ʱֳֻȥ2Ӣ

˺ûټ

ٺһ˽а˹.𼪶ˣǳڼԼʱ˰ͷǡ

ͷѾȥͽʣµͷȦ

1933꣬˽ʣһͷ˻(ݸ)Ĳ˹԰

ͷǵֱΪϣ˼ǣϷ֮ӡ

µıĺڰӰ

ȴǳĵΪ˿﹩˲ιֱֱۣ̫˿ű
֮Ա˹԰ţûĵطԶ㡣

̫ɹһ轵ʱϢ뿪硣ֵʱ䣬ҲԶͣ193697ա

Ŀϣ÷˻˻ã壬ʼڵĿꡣ

˱ҰҪңʮӵεڼ˹ˡ

ЩԭסȷĸӰСƤڣ񴽡ǲ·Բʽ棬õʯľͷͱࡣ

״ѹֱһɱֱֹͣŲֳ߶Ѿǹ

˹˴ʯʱʼûʲô̫ı仯£ܼʮ꣬ɼƵġ

ԽĽڵ18ڣʱֳ߻ûдģע

Ӳ

ֳ֮ǰ˹еԱ˵һͣΪҵᣬٲΪ޻֮ķݣ

ǵãѧʱ򣬴ƪܡ˹ǵͭģ֣

űɽô궼ûã̫ˡȻҲиͭˣ

ŲﰲݵԭסǰԭסôһߣӦûΪġ

׵ڳ˿󣬶һ׷׼ųȥ

ôˡ

ĳûгֻ֣׷ȥ

ò˵ߵĸ֪ǿ⿿Էֲ˹ˡ

ûã˳˶˳ϵһյϡ

þǿʴҺչʾһ񼣡ڵõϿɡ

װŪԲˬ

ºշ˵϶ʮ䣬ǧˡΪǵġ񡱡

˹ްĴͣϵꡣ

Сİæ˹תԱϾһԴԣûã˹һЩ򵥵Ļ

ǻģ壬




49.  츲     һʯ֮ϣ

һʯ֮, һ׶೤ĺɫɹ̫ߴĺʪˮ

ɽ£һССӰ첽ھʯ֮£

𾴵, ָʾ, ǸͭĶѾճˡ

ʲôһ, ۡ

ûɣˣѾˣ಻, ʹֳһסŵرԼʳⳤɾްԣѵϵĶˡ

ʼͨϵͳ̽˵ϵͭ󡣴֮ͷڿ, ʹǻڿҲһ㶼ɡ

β;ʯ, ¶ûڵֻܶԱԭסһȥ, һ죬󶴷̮, ȥԭס

ЩԭסΪҪͷ, ŵһȥˡʹԵ粨ϢӹܣŸǽ

ʱ䣬ڵͭʯ򲻸ˣЩͭʯ, 㽫ͭļ򵥷ǡ

̲һһֱʧܡһճˣ

ȥ

ۼ, еλһ˹ˣѾΧƻ¯ԡ

һľ̿һӤȭͷСĻɫ

ͭɰ˻ˣڣˡ

ڳ˹ˣѾǰȫһˡ

ǰû⡢壬ڵʹʯʳƤάĴֲ·ȻǱ仯޴

Ұƶ˼أһδɺɱֳڣɱδģɱ

˼ͷ̽ι

һЩ򵥵ָ֣ȦһЩ࣬ͼݡ֤ȶʳԴ

ʳһҪ֬͵ʣܳߺͱǿ׳δĵս

Ĺһڵpua˶Ĭ϶ֲָߴ󣬿ʵʳϢϢء

γԽߵĵԽͣ鶯Ϊ棬ͱʹݱ󡣾һͰˮһˮȣ϶һͰˮĸ

ĵ鶯ͱ棬籱ܡܡ󡢾࡭Ҫں

Ҳ˱ձϷ˸ߴ󣬱ҲǻԻɸѡ

һʳȫˣܳӣ

ԻĹΪͳʳǶ̼ˮͶʳ
ձɢƶ񤣬ũΪԱԷ⽨һ˵Ǽ׵飬Ҫ˵ӡ˵ĸ䣬Ҫ׳͵óԵĺá

Է⽨ĩڵĻ󣬱ǲҲһԭ

ʵҵ֮ǰŷ˵ƽҲǲߣԵŴڵġ

ܶŻߣǿĸǿ9000ƽһһߡѵʮˣ͸ı

ȻǣινġԱɣһĺܻһſԣƾܳˡ

һԭǶ಻̫ܳ࣬ڼӦٳԶʳͶƷΪкֲԴƼأƼػӰ쳤ߣʹǰֹͣ

ܽһ£ҪҪͶ֬ٶʳ⡣Ϊ˼˥ϣͿԶԵʳٳ⡣

ı仯˹ĳؽ

ڵĸһ޴ľȻģȽϳ󣬿ɺôҲһΰ

ԭԸЩӲŤҲŤֿȵĳݣ֮֮ˡ

ջͭˣ

˵Ĵӵ֮£סͭĸоĳɹˡ

Ϊ֤һߵʯͷһңѿˡ

ȻͭӲȻǲǵĽлϡ

ͭѿȴڳ˶ɻһ곤˵

𾴵ˣĿ𣿻ûõʯͷӲѽ

Ƴһ¶ԷԵ粨˵

ֻǿʼʱһҽںϣʱǾӵзҺõˡ

ΪʲôҪأһ˵ûʲôģͻ

ɨһڳеˣ˵

ΪڲõĽｫطߣаģǺԶȥĿֲǣϣԱ

Ҫסֻڽ֮ϣ

ļ죬һȥµĿأȥھǵıءΪʹߣһ

˹ź꣡

쳹˹ǵϿա

⼸װŪ˵Լ㶼ˡֻҪһھǻԼгΪǱʡ

ͨϵͳæҲûţ̽⵽˲ٽ

û뵽˹ǵȴӵͭп١Ǧ֮Ľн󣬼ֱһͱذ

˼ǻʵЩΪѡ

ֱͭʱ˹ǵϵԴƺôŪ 

ͭѾ˲ɭ֣Ҫ¶ȸߡѶȸƵðĹ⡣㻷ָٿ죬Ҳⲻס޶

Ϊ˱ֽҲֻӵɽ֮̾ˡ

ͭӲȲ̫Уһ󣬾ͻܱͭļӲ

󣬾ֻʱϵںˡ

һڵȺۼĵطһұ¯

һ¯ǰǳʽеشŴңһ֤˹˵ĵһͭĵ

һͭĴӣ

ͭӵһһСʯͷڸ̾⼸Ĳûа׷ѡ

ˡ

˹ûйҲǹİֳߣȥ

ȻǵӵԼԶ̹ڵϵֲ࣬ܿҵʺĲϡ

ͷСǴĥǸϸҪĵĻЩ˸Ů
ǹʲôҪǸԡ

Ҳ̻ʹЩǹ֧ԭҲжͷģֻϧѶ̫ߡԼ֪ôϵͳϡ

һ˹ǵԴ͵ķչɵĻ

һֿԣǾǹӶᡣֳй򡭡Ӷᡣ

Щ꣬ԭסֻ˹˲ܳĴͳʵʿƵΧ
ڴڼ仹˼䵥ֳ񴬡õ˼ѡ

˺ļʮˣ֮ǰЩߣ϶Ѿŷ

ܳԵʳһǳűǵĸĸ߳һͷߣԼ׳ǡ֤롣

ˣ־ѵսһӾ˺ų̈ס

Ȼͭе񼦵ʯͷԼֲģٵĻʹеʱֳߺġ

οֳߵҲ޵ġ

ΪЩֳ۹СңȴĲ̲Ĵͼǵ˿ڻ

ҪռĵԼ½̯ƶûжפء

вƣʱֳ۹һӴ˿ڶĹңôƾͲкʲôˣ򶼻ᱻռ졣

˿ӻϾܽطΪС

ʷǣҲǷ⽨ū𽥱ϵһʱֻҪһذסһ˾ͻᷴ
ʹᱻǿֳɱҲûκǰܾشҧһġ

ֳһпֳĵطʱԭסһôǾͻѡѰˡķʽֳ

ϾƼ׳⣬ŵĲ´ЬģӼ˻ҧˡֳԼǸЬģЩһϧĺܡ

˹ıǣΪչͣͣ⣬ֳʸûУֱӱɱˡ

ԼͷֳҪ͵õۣϾʱĻûкֿ״̬

Ȼ޾ԣӡڰҲǻϱ塣

Ҳֳܱ֤ڷֵķḻ᲻ɱԽ֮ġ

ڼƻʼļ꣬ԭסڸΧʮĳɳѾдеɭ֡ϸһʱֲЩ

ǿҵĽȸʹ£ǿ󣬲ÿ٣Ҫ

˹ǵͣһж췭ظı仯Ҳ½½а˵ϡ

Ƕԭ׼ﷸ ŵƬϡ

ûжЩﷸʲô֪˹ˣˣֻҪԷйľٶԽɱǲġ

Ҳˡ

ڴڼ䣬ʹеߵֳҲ

ʱʮͣеֳߴｨֳء

ԭס˫ľƣҲԭϣ˫ͽ⣬ɺЭġϾҪ˵ġ

ȻԷûǸ˼ԭʷһһȺ˹ǸŮСȥռʳʱֳߡܵ˲̵ĶԴ

ͯɱĸŮ飬״ֳߵϣ

һڲģɫԣۼ˹׳ӣǴټףеͭеǱǹеǹ

ڼ̳֮ϣһʮ׵ľ޴̾УɫϦƬ֮ϣɢҫ۵Ĺʡ
뱳޴ľ
һ໹һеľͶʯ

һ翵Ժ

װǣָʾԶİɫħƬӵϷ˲ˡ֮ǽЭЩɫħϳǵ

ϳȥѶħϳȥߺ

ڸλʿıǵӺͶŮǵˡʧˣǶɱҲԭһ˶˵ų

һοŲмǺ£

£

ãԭļƻ·Ŀĵس

ԶȥȺͻȻףΪʲôԹô˶Ȩ֮͡

ʹֻӰǧˣɴĪУʤκοСָоǳһʳ̸һܹﵽġ

Զ̫ûںϣһ׼սĻ




50.   50 ·ʤ   

еߵֳ, һ˾ҵķ

ڽֳĵϣѹѹԱǽҹΪһ壬еĴӲݴеںеʻС, ͣĴӡ

Ǻ鼮ռǡ, ¼һΡ

ɫ֮, ͬĴ˵ͷ

ԼһʮĴеˣȻеԽԽǿ, ųղ۹ɶ˺˵ܲʲô仯ײ㡣

Ϊ׬Ǯμ˺ֳ飬硣Ϊˡػġ, ҹе˳ȥ̽ա

ɴ󲿷˶֪, ΣǱ, ֮Űпܾû

Դ󲿷ԸػġˣҪǶͽ̬, ϣʹ˷¸ʣµľǺԼˡ

һԵ̬, ԼŴ뿪˹еߡ

µĺУĿĵءһ죬˵öǰк̽ռҷ

һ·ϣԼͬеĴԱΪȥ, ˣܽûбȥ

Ƭ, Լ˵صˡǷǳĺڣӲǺܸߣҲǰ٣廹ͦ׳

ԭԼĻһʼԼҲΪϵЩ˵ģĻֵġ

ԼܳλĹ֪Ĵ˵һǹʿʣôзȺڡ

ֱһ죬޽ӪصʱһȺ˸ŮСԶΧۡ

ƽĶۣԼЩ˳úѿҲãԷԼ˵ûʲôв

ĶǳȥɱСϵĸŮǽŮӣڵϣʩԱС

 λʿĴһ˷ȣǵսƷ

һʱ䣬Լ÷ǳ˼顣֮ǰڳЦˡ˵ˮǣ˿̷׷ȥΣǿª顣

ǰһĻԼڹʱһĻ

λүһرϲ϶˿·Լñʯ׺Ȧ
ȻȥĹź͡

ⳡУ΢Լܲ Ҳûйܡ

ţһɱһŮ̵͸ʱԼˣ

ܰ𣿡

ԼһģԱЦ

ԭԼҲһ˵Ŀ֣

Ҿ˵ûܵջ󣡡

ԼԺΪɣѺŮݴȥ

Ů޵ԼͷڲݴȷϴԱǿˡ

ɿ˶Էָָ֣֣ʾԷӡ

ŮɻؿǺܿ쳯ȥܳȥʮס

عͷԼûҲûнˡ͵ؼһʯͷƬԼΪԷҪŵæͷ¡ֻԷһͷ˵ϡ

ȻŻ˺ۣĵʧ

ҹǴٽӪء

Լʱ˯Уҵ

Сʱ򣬸ɽķҴ죬ӶպϣɺĻӽһء

һͬǹ죬ź˷ͬһȺĳӵĺϳᡣ

ͬסһݵĴԱŴ̽ͷƣ

ãˣ˴ˡ

жˣ

壬ôĻ𣡡

ըôأ



Լǲ壬ʱԼôӳˡ

ֻǵڻҫ£װɫɳ̲Ϸ·ˡõ廨ꡱͬһһ߾ʬ塣

а˵ģҲ˵ġ

ԼǺˮһƬۺ죬зǼʳšζ

ˣϳԵӲ˸ɸɾ

ʣʮˣСǰͣںĴӡ

ЩˣѾڹ򴬶ӣϴʱ˽ʮˡ

һŵԼڼװϣ

һϴλǼ˾ߡ

죬һҪϵŴڣЩˣ

Ը˲ϵĴڡ

Լ͸ССĴڣŻصĺ

ͻȻ׼ڵĴʲôУһӷɳȥԶײڴֵһδ֪

Ҳ׷סɡ

Լڵϣ֮ǰԱ̸۵˵ġ񡱡鼱֮£ó֮ǰǸŮµһͷ˫žٹͷ

һϵĹߡ

оһϢͷ˿ҲҶ

һγͻֳܡû뵽Щ˳ͭ⣬Ȼը

ЩͭƤʯͷըסСƬʯͶʯͶҲС

Ƿ²˶ʮڣоͰԼһλеҽҽĴȻҪõĶࡣ

ҽҪһЩ򵥵ҽӵͦ

һǶŷ²Դһµֳ񴬵Լ뿪Ƭ¼ء

صеߺԼûκںξ

ΪûǮԼȥһƤ﹤ѧͽ̤ʵϸɣԹԼܿõʦʶΪһʽƤʦ

ԼֹƤ꣬˸߼ơ

ܶԺԼȥˣŮʱԼдռָ壬һغڵľ

ŮЩɢָ˳˲ݡ



ֳ߷ͻǰʮ꣬룺ȻɵĻǹĴֲһĵըҩأ
Ͷʯһܱûǿ

ǳʳµ˹ˣֶҲԽԽǿ

˱ˣҲı仯ǰ˹ȺơھȻеǿͼռݶŮ

žûķḻ˹Ҳϵı仯

Ҳûзȥʼ˶ǵĽһһơ

Ů趨ߣ뵽ǰʽ ܵõϿף

ңʼ׼Լķɡ

棬һʼ̵ļ򵥵ĺѾǵҪˡ

ɴ඼̸ֽǣ뵽ĻȦĻ֮Ҳ͹Լ֡Щһʹá
չ浹е޺÷Ҳûйôˡ

һδģͻζž͸ˣ⼫пеߵı

һսЩ˵ǹ֧ʮѣţҲ˹һʱˡ

ûϵǣе˾Ȼûѡ񱨸ʵ벻ô£Ҳʱйϵɡ

أЩʹζһƻԿʼˣ

ǰ޴½˹ȫһЩóס÷չҵҪԴ

˵ɾ͸ɣԭѵˮóЩ²ĴԱѵʦ

º󣬵һ˹Ǵӳ޴½ȥ

һºȫȻȥزһЩûʲôôĶҲǳɹĵһ

ѯЩߣ޴½ֳߺʲô̬ȡ

ԷûҪͻģҲͷˡ

һֱʮԺ󣬿ŵһ̨˹ǵһ֧ǹ֧Ҳϵͳ

ΣS񣬡˹ǵǡ˳ɣɳ̶B

ջ׼ع鱾硣

B?ΪʲôһεBҸоͦðɻ

Сһ˹Ϊҵ˻Ĵƻ
ʹ㶨µĹأ֮УѹҰռ䣬Ȼ٣ûеĵز

ԭˡһʱ̫ȥɡ

һۣͻȻо

С˵ʱ




51.  һ     ١

, ļ䴢ʶع鱾壬ʱԳһհס

عʶое㲻Ծ, ϤΣ, ˡ

С, 򿪹ҿˣ

ãѧ̽

һŹֵڿ, һС

˵ĸоҺ͹֮䣬氼͹ƽһʷķǹ轺ʸС

ȵ, ٤ѾԼֻһԶˡ

ν

ǸǸոֻǵô񡭡ˡ

ô죿

û, һ¡

˵, ֪СʲôƮ˺üס

۲Ĳ, ɴ˵

̽˰ɣ

󲡶ʧڿС

Ҳɻ󣺡С, ȻΪʲôδûأ

ΪϷʽɱ̫ˣõһ Ծֻάһ״̬δϵķֲ, ûʲô֧ô

֮Ϊֻһķһӵ, ֶܲס

ԭȻ ɣôһĺܲİ

˴Ŀʱ̫Ҫһ¡ģһúע⡣

˵ʵҲôţҲֻˡ

ʱúܿ죬Ͼ͵ʱˡ

װż顷Ȼһ磬Ͷȴͦ

Ǹսܣ֪ˣԭĶӣ׵ġŮͶʷŮ׵ģ

ݣǴʽ顣ŮǸרҵԱ׵

һжҲ͵ġ

Ϊʲôô׵أжԼõ籾ʱˡ

жľ籾̫ˣȥԺ󣬾Իᱻҡ

顷ľ鹣Ŵ¾ǣ

Ѱһң洫һʧı顷

ǰĻʼұأ˵õ˾ܸɵйˣли־Ĵ书ؼ

֪ΪʲôϢй¶һұš֮еѰ⣬ֵһ罣ա

֮Ѱݱʦǰ鵱һ¡

һ·ţΪһУʶŮҲŮ

нҽٲͽܰԨҲҪݵж

˾飬ֻ˵жֱ񾭲

ΪȫҪӽǶŮϣжеǣƶ࣬Ϊҽѧ츳ǿ󣬱ʦٲ

ֻϧжԨƧԸҽѧ츳Ȼǰ޹ˣߣȴĶ

ɱԼʦѳ䳢ҩڽҽʩҩ˲Сĺ

ȴһ޳ܵСˣΪܵ˵ĴӵִʱҩŮźͣһñӡ

ΪŮûɢ¥ Щ깫衣

ɺħ֮ĶԹ

һû书ҽߣȴֵּɹ

ŮЭbossʱжȴõˡ顷˲вƱ书ؼǰع

ԭûκȴħ

ֻʣŮˣŮߵˣٶΪԨɱλ񼫵ѺŮˡ顷ը˵عɽ֡ȫա

¿ֻܸ֮̾Լݵж֣񾭲

Ϊ鲢ûϸжԨô̬ġ

ȴǸǶжĲ̬⡢֫ˣӤиԶ

ʦԼдС¡

ֻ¼ԼɫͲ䶼дȥ

ĹУԨһΪСɶʧµũӣЩΪΪʿһֱе⡣

ʱʦٲĿеҽͬٲ֮ԨΪ⣬һҩԼȥ

ҩ˰ԨСʹ಻书Ե

ԨɱԼʦʼ߽ʱѾ̬

ʹһϰ֮ˣԼЩʦһߵˡ

ڽҽĹУԨԽԽԣس׶ʧҲزǸˡ

ֱ⿡ʵԼŮȥΪǵѡ

ģر֪¶˶ĵһʱԼôһʹĸоһߺûʲô˾ӣûʲôˣ

ˣԽԽ£û¶뿴ĳŤˡ

ŽɫУԼһָоɫУԹߵĽǶȿɫһһ

Χ죬Ź˾ŵ˵ҲļԱ

һξôϵǴףвϷǡ

ȵĶױյһ죬Ůʱڻױ׼ױ

ۿŻױʦõף׼ɫӰۿͿֹ:

˼ױʦ㲻øһôŨӰ

ΪʲôĽɫǷɰ˵ݵȻҵġ

û¶Ȼ˵ô嵭ôɣ

Ǻðɡ

һСʱ·˻¼䡣

ԭڻױļԱͨӿװ磬׷̾òػظˣȥӰ

ոŮŶϢڳļϹһһĹװȵҪһ̨Сȴ硣

ΨлȽԲ壬һɵģ

һī̵·޳ĲӾӸոհȥµСٷͬȻģپֲʧ

ӭӣ˻˹

Ůһۣ޵:

û뵽СôʺϹװ

һɾױݣüͷźۼһ¡ձ֮£û˵ʲô

˼Ƭ󣬵ݺױʦ:

Ұ۾ڻױ

ױʦǰӰ־ܾˡ

ߵ˵ǰ΢΢ϹίıԼ뷨벻ͨѬױҲڻĸо־˼ݷӣ˵:

Ҹ˾ãҲַùڲ²ⲻ˭ĺˣĻˣԾۣҲһЧ԰ɡ

ݳһ´飬˵:

еˣ󣬿ǲСУԣоʵʵҵġ

лл!Цŵͷ̻صĻǰ

ֻһ߽룬ڰǰӡȻ뵽ʲôņ̀۾ǰ

Ƕ۾ֵףһͷĶǣüݵģ°ȴ΢Цġ

µĲͳһһּìܵĸоҲ˲

һԵľ鹤ԱС۵:

ӴСӻе㶫

ųЧҲûʲô飬վô˳ˡ

ʽý壬󲿷ֶǳŮġȻҲΪģϾ֮ǰҲһЩȶȡ

Ȼ磬һûһǧҲûа˰١·˿ֻһ˽ֵѡ

ĻУ顷ʽˡ

һʼΪλЩNGǳԽûNGˡ

Ӿ͵ӰͬӾ粻ô۾ͷһ˵Ա̫ĥʱ䣬ܹС

ĽȶǷǳģҲǳæ

顷һʵһӰҪܣеʱҪAB顣

ǾB飬ΪǾķɣAǵŮͬҪκЩǡ

һ죬ݵ˾˲ʵһΡ⡣

аԨŮɽһ˹ȵףΪ˻Լ̬ŤԨڱԷȵ£ҩԵ

Ȼ󡭡࣬ԡ

ԱҲһϷǡ

㿪ʼڵϣ΢ȴһݵİԨСʼġ

ġġһġҴææ֮£ûʲôƴģ̿ζѪζʮ㡣

һ죬Χ۵Ա͹Աˡ




52.  ӰȦ     Ӱӻص

Ӱӻص¾, вپ鶼ȡһȽƵڴߵĳ

Ȼǲôùڷһ㡣ǻһطͬĽǶ㾵ͷ

顷һĵĽ, ʦ׼õ, ɺ, ƹʦڵƹ⡣

ϷǵױѾ׼ϣΪ˷Ͼ飬϶Ūе, ʾɫѾ¡

лǰǰûˡ

ް׹ҽģϷܼȡ

ǰ, ˿ô?

Ǿ!

㡭

ôǰ˿ڻ?

Ϸ򡭡ԩ޳, ΪΡ

ЩòȻʿ, ʵŻҳȥԺټ޻ħ̡¡ʱ֡

ԨһĶŵ, һŤЦݡ

óʿɽ, һֻǽڷȥһš!

ɽ۾Ȼͷ漴ƫһߣ

ʺѪҺʳ, ϸγĶԱȡ

Ԩе࣬Ƴǰʬ壬૵:

ΪʲôΪʲôǵĶǺɫ?

!

һĻ, Ǳݿĵľˡ

ϷѾɱ࣬һˣĴָ!˵:

ˣոǶϷҶеͷƤ顣㻹ǵһϷ?츳úŬ

꣬ǫ˼䣬Цŵͷ

ʦǰ׼õĿĵݸ:

ʦȻͼװھˡ

Ӱʦܺ˻λ㿪ʼ!

֮£ԨǿѾ죬ޱؽõǰſҧȥ

ڵĳθȫܽʳģζ˵㣬ҲС

ڽɫһҧȥ

û͸Ѫˮ˳һ·°͡Դ⣬˵״̬ͬһŵʳͣƷζǰʳ

һԵԱˣϾһ˵ֳϷǼٳԣġԱ͹Ա˿Ѿоθڷ

BĵһȽˣһֱϸûкͣƾš

첻ļⱻ˺ѵԼ׽Żžıϴһ˿

Ԩ΢Цʳ࣬һſϾ顣

!

һʱ򣬵ںˣ

䣬Сǰֽع֣ԷֶǴġ

һԭΧ۵Уü״̬õߵһԣʼ

yue

ȡyueһƬ

ϣӰӻصȺȺһص˵:ĳλСϷΧ۵˶ˡ

ŴžͳСΪ˳Ըõ࣬Աƴɡ

ߵûʲôθȫûиҲˡ

һΪ֪ı仯ǣԭЩˣŮһЩ˿¶ˮԵ

ǽĵƬΣھȺ﷢˺󣬰ҹŵ˾ʧˣҲǽһա

صƵСѯʣʾԼܺãȥҽԺϴθ

СǸգǸ֤ű˶ԷĶcall

ϴѾ賿һ㣬ڴϣΪϷ磬ԽԶ˯һˡʼϴεõ

ϴεõĻΪΪϵͳ˵ĵһѾٿѡĿĻ򣬶ǾеԵָǡ

һεһ:³´лڣ:ػۣ:Ĥɫ

һǣҵ³´лԼ״̬

һ60100ÿӣҪ³´лֱӽÿ1ε״̬ҲǺһЩһĶ״̬Դ

ڶȻһЩһּܡͷVl֮Ķǿܱûж߶Բ

ΪڳһЩжʳؿԻ۵ȴȥܳΪҷ

֮ǰõһศɡ

ĤɫĻ򣬿Ա仯ĤɫӦͬĹ⻷

ױ̨Լͫ׵ı仯:ʱ䴿ڣʱɫʱֱɫ

ĺĤ仯ɲΪƯһЩΪӦļĹ߱仯ıĤɫ

ʱǳɫΪɫΪ

ԺɾԴͫˡ

㶼ǳ˳ھŵæµУĽչҲ𽥽β

ھΪɫ⣬ȻߵǱɣԱȻҪСھ˵ĸоԽԽܶʱ򣬾˶еߡ

ݶ⺢̫ˣˡǣżڸϷʱ

ɱˣһϷжŮعѧħ

ھ籾ԨΪħ̣Ҫ֮

ֶһʯУԼ˽ȥҹĿҧ󶾹ɡ

ʱ¶ûһƤ

ξ飬ԭãЧСԼ˵ϣʹĳݣʵС

˵ʵݻǵһôˣһŵĿ˵:

֪˵ʲô𣿡

֪첻ĶԳԣںһЩӴһʯûʲô˵ģĲ¡

롣

ܵݻͷݣԭBǸȻΪϷʵУԸͳϷΪжͱʾ֧֡

ġӡܵݷüһһһôԼ

һҲʾ֧֣˵:

ܵݣʹӦˣûб˵ǰЩǺ롢ϷҲûС

ֲǲ֪ŮǱֵ飬һˣǿɻиȵˡ

һ뵽ŮֵĲ죬ܵݾͷۡһĶӣһͶ̵Ů˭Ҳܵ

Ϊλ飬ֵòɿ

ǽ磬ĵһ룬պʽתͶ̾ͼͶռ˴ĻȨһŮݾǾʵʵһ

ԼһƿʱԸԼ˲Ϸ˺üĽָ

ˣٯٯϷʱ£Цصĳˡ

Ϊ˺ڵĳƷҲñɫϷݣԭǾǴĻʵڲ֪ôġ

ĵǶƵ˽һԼСˡ

ʱ䣬ıԭѾûκδ顣

ΪŮݵָʹľ͸ ҲûƢġжĽɫ

ϾдС˵˭˽ڵϲʲôĽɫǰţʹͷϻţҲûƢģҪ!

ǰԨĽɫھ΢һ䣬д:

ᵽʦʱԨ¶һǿЦݣ˵:е˲ûбôá

ᵽ:꣬ɵĵũɶĸˡ

ÿõҳʱܾñ°Ԩɫ·ظ˵:

˽!

Һܲ!

϶!

ǿ°

һӣɫ壬ĪֶμӴȻܻݺˣҲΪһ䷴ɡ

λҲ۳˽ʡǮͳƬЧǣǾӦ

ϾЧõĺǮ̫˵ľ̫١ֱȱֺá

ӰӻλϷУвٸֳҵˣߡ򼡢ܵȶǡ

ֶһҲ˶Ǯܰѡд㣬ʱȥʷ!̵㻨Ǯ

˵ɾ͸ɣ̷Ըȥ򶾳ᡣ

̴飬鶼ˡ

ˣ˶ʮǰǰӰȦȻֳĺˣпյ˷׷֡

ֻ顷õľһĭʯӾͰ

һԵļ棬װŸߡ򼡢ϱ֮ģһģ˼ֻӰƴС֩롣

ȻҲûɥĲװ󡣶ǷԸñĤ¹˺ü㣬ڲӺϻͿҩ

ӰʦҺýǶȣšǳ񽫸ġСˡ

Űӵ⿪ͷƤ߳һԵȥ

ڳ˶ס˺!




53.  ѹ      顷顭

顷ֳ, һȺΧȺضǸĭʯӡ

У˫۽աӱѾȺõĹԱ⿪ӡ

һͬһ㵹˽ȥɫƬ˷ëĺ⡣

ԭһȺ, ʯԺ, ɢеε, еƴʸʯӱڣӳ

ΪֳߣҰ, ԹԱҲһϾ߶ǿеæˡ

ȻЩ߶޶ĺüߣһƬȥ˲Ͼ߶Ķûʲôֿ

֮, 򼡢ţܡ桢֩ε˽ȥ

ʱʯﶼ߳, ֮, ˷槼Ŀ̡衱

ʹ, ¶Ƥ һ, ԾĳǶûһֻԼ֡

Ҳûܿһ:

Ԩʯ֮Уž綾ɻ֮ʹΪɶʲôԼֽ֡ŲͣĲ, ƾȫ

ǵԱİȫһĵıȽϿ졣

ڳΧ۵ˣóֻ㡣

Ⱥһһ:

С?ôƴ

֪, ѡ㰮ɣ

ǰɣڵİô𣿡

ʮ֮ϵĶǻҪļͷ

ԨȻȻʯӵĻ棬ΪϰԺԭɵĵطѾ߳ռݡ

Ҫݽɫʯӵľͷ

һΣСĿûв߳档

һСʱϷˣһ߳棬˭ץ

ԭ붯֣Ǹ֮ǰѵġھ棬òҪ˵ĹΪñ˾¡

ͷæ¶ԷûлɣͻᱻԹ㡣

ȥ·˺˱Ĥʱ򣬷ġԭһץߵʱһʱʧ֣´䵽ϡ

ûĿڴʹ߷׷˳Ȼ޶ߣɴɢӰӻأԻֻţ˵黹ᱻ

Сˣߵĵæк:

æߡ

ǣĻͱˣ˶ƨڸֽߡ

ƾԼˣԵøһ

ڶ磬Ϸ˳ɱˡ

Ͼ۲֮ص˹˾ڵϣӵ˼ĵ绰:

Сǰ¼ȡ֪ͨ鵽ˡ

ãС̣ﻹ𣿡

ã̷ѾգµҲһǰˡСϴηЬǮһʱؼҵʱҾͻ㣬㹤࣬Լðɡ

˵ʲô?źŲð!

⺢ӡ

Ҵææع˵绰˿

ڶҲˣǸ֮ǰһ绰˵֮ǰǸ棬ΪƷװȨ⣬Ƴ²ŷʱƷƷᰬǵ

Ϊ⼸չϷ»˲١ƷƷΪ˱֤Чǣһߣ˸ȥһգˢһˢڸС

뿪ѧһ£ֻҪ¼һܡ

Ϣ죬ͣܵսĿȥˣһûѵġ

齵ľƵ꣬Ҳ;˽ĿĻϢ

ĿСһ顷Կ̬Ϊġ

еʱȥũעضͯճ˵⣻ʱǹעȾ⣻ʱһЩʧĴͳֹա

֮ҲһʶսĿĿǰ˵ҲǲԴˡ

ԣǸûãҲҪμӡ

Ŀ飬ûзǳϸµֻ̨涨˴µ̣ھͷǰı֣ɼαԼӡ

ô꣬һֱռݲȵһԭ:

ӿ֮϶ֱʽвͣںüǰǶһҵġ

ΪĿֱʣ֪˽Ŀ̡֮սĿ

ʹý𣬸ֽĿ£һ顷һӵա

ھƵյǸշ̨ϸĶһһڽĿȻȥ԰Ա

ȻһλмһʱαʱĿļפαһȥ԰

ڶ죬ʣơѾˣ̫ɹƤʹ

Сٳǰ˺һɹ÷ǳ壬ھһе㷺͹⡣

·ϣСע⡣ʪֽϡԼ첲ϵķɹˡ

СֵʱѾһֽ

磬ô˰˵һҪɹȻɹڵġ

˵ţóɹһ顣

̰ƿӶ˹ϸ˵

ģҲɹɹ̫Ҳġ

˵Сææ

ҵҾ˵

Ȼġ

棺ʲô

ұˡСұɼãѧͶˣԡ

ģзִ磬˵ˣ㲻˵Ҳ˵ֲ֪

һֱҲɻԼͻҪСҲȽᡣȻɹӦƸԭһϵڡ

ᣬ飬ԼϽĿĻҲ顣

˽ĿֳȻˣлӿ

ǰ߿ЦŴк߲֪ʲôԭ򣬾ͳεЦЦ

ѡ㶼ȥüˣ֮ǰЩ飬˭ǻʣ˭棬˭Ǽ٣Ѿˡ

Ŀ鵼ݣ򵥵Ḷ̌ڳ˶ʶһ£Ȼ󿪻ֱ

ֻһķúϲŮվм䡣ǡһ顷Ŀλפα֮һƣϲΪʽ㡱

ȻⲻΪΪϲȡгơ

ڰٻȦȱŮһʼҲ崿Ů·ߡֺͬʱڵĴСֵ̫ˡ

ת·ӣʼŮгǵĵ·Լ֣ơ̸֮ߣӦ졣һȳΪ˶տ

ֱǴҺãӭһ顷װķʽ㣡

ֱһ¶棬Ļˢ

ʽãµһڽĿ

ˣһ򿪾Ϳ˷ʽ㣡ġ

㿴¼ģǻ̲ס˽

Ͷˣҽһλαƽ

ͷˣ漴ת¼αߣŮαò΢Ц

һ£λǸոճĸ¶Ϻܻġ衷ݳġ

Һã¶

ٹλһλŮԱոյõŮԬ˼˼ӭ

ллʦллңԱԬ˼˼

λǷƽϲСˡԽY1ĳԱԼлӿӭ

λ˧أԱӭ

˶ϣơ

û˼ĿôһЩûƷСС

ĿҲҪЩҲһֱ·

Ȼһֲ¼αĵĻкܶ¼α˿ˢġ

үˣ

ѳѼ

ոտȺ﷢ӣ͹ˡ

˼˼Ů



żҲƮķ˿Ļȥ˺üˣûƷʧҲǺ

ĿͨķʽĸפαĸʱαֻȨʱαС

׼һת̣פαд棬ȷֵͼȻתʱαԼͶڡ

Ϊ˹ƽͨǩ˭Ͷڡ

鵽˵

ԣǰ˶ѡԼĴƵֻ档ۼֿ죬ڶ˽һ

Ǹ˵ҪҪ󿧡󿧵Ȼǡʽ㡱һһõľͷ

ԼֱѡУƹŵ˵Ҳô˸˧ĵܵ

Цŵͷƽָ̡

ʣµҲõ˽

ڣĿ鹫ǵ⡣ԶǹһҶ԰ڵ飬һ飬ȥ԰һܵĶԱ

ҪרҵԱ׼Ŀ飬

Ⱦǻʱһǰأֱйݡʨɽ¹԰ݺݡ

Ļɰǩ

˶ĬҪйݺʨɽ

˺ݡ

һԵлӿԼĿƬˣȻйݡ

ʨɽ¹԰Լݣֱ¶Ԭ˼˼ӳС

֮ڶ԰ԱĴ£˸Ըĳء

ͽ·󣬽˺ݵĺ̨ﳣյ¶ȣԸͷˡ

ԱĽܣһҪֶ̡׾Լ㡣

ֶ˵ǺϤģʮĺ̡

һ죬Աͬ£ͽƾʹӺ̡ʼ֡

Сһʵǿɰˡʹİ˸ιС㣬ûк£˷ܵزͣתȦȦ

Բģʵϲû˾̲סһѡ

ĵʱҲ˵ˣ1718ΪƤëɱ̡飬Ӱ˺֣¾ܵʳȱв

С˵İɣ

ǰģûк˵ոȥˣ

˵缸δ֮վǣϢصǳôγɵģ

ʲôǳǣ

󼸰ͷǳո¶Ľʯ룬Ӱֹ˴󺽺ʱڵĴֻȥƬ򣬱ౣ˾޵ȺΪǳǡ

׾ҲιϾȽ׽ˣͲһˡȻ϶ǹԲǿĻʿ裬ΪӰƷħ˶еǳ£һǾͷˡ

ιʱһֱսսģŵһȥˤһƨɶףѾˮУŵ֨ҽС

״̰

ȻܲңǿʽԱһǺЦ

Ҳǣ̫Цˣ

ò˵СаȻܵ϶ʽ(бЦ)



飬˳ضȹĵһ졣

סĵطڶ԰棬ר׼ɭƵꡣȥʱ򣬻˸մݻ顣

ֻλһյ󣬻߽ˣƮһζ

ϸһ£Էˣͷϡ·϶մһЩࡣֻ򴽳ԷһЦ

ȴֻԷ¶һȿ޻ѿЦݣһͷ˷

صԼϴϺڴϣϵͳΥ

ϣӲСȼCǷܡ

ڿԿʼˣһֱ٤һ񣬾ͿԽݲˡ

Ȼ£һֱͷһ̡

ܣ




54.  ͺϢ     յĵ¡

յĵ¶Ѩ, ۾

ֻϧֲָĵطʲôһֻոճëӲ̡

ĵطӲķѨ, Ϊڵص, Ǻ㶨, ԱȽʡ

ĸոջ򵥵ظ6ֻι̣塣

޲غȱ, ʼϵͳеȳϣ

ӣԵĵһӡӦǶܹȣܵھ硰Ľ12𡱵Ĵ, ӷˡء

ͬʱʳˣҵ֪ɽȡ

ӵĵλλڱ, ڼձȺ, Ű͵ϲΪȴ򣬳¶ꡣ

һֻ10991ƽǧ׵ĵ, ȻĵҪСһЩ

1494, ĸײ졣

1509꣬˴Ϊֳء

1655꣬еߴռ, Ϊµͳߡ

1862Ӣ

ӡڰ˰߿ڹԪǰ;˴˵汻ֳԺ, ֳ߾ͽͶʹ

أֳ߷Ͷˡͨó׽ĺ䵽䵱Ͷʹú˳˺Ҫ֡

һεĿӲڲ٨C鳤ĿCݴĿCĿCƨCǿƨC٪CӲ

Ӳ峤ֻ0.2ף0.50.6ǧˣβʹһ룬βͱȽ϶̵ģڡβ־廼ߡ˵Ҫ׽һЩ

һӲķֳȽǿȫ궼Էֳÿλ28죬һ̥56ֻ̣¾Գ죬Կʼ

С̣ʳҪԡ

ԭӲһֱǱȽķΧϵͳڵصзǳĶܱ࣬ƽ⡣

ֳԺ˿ӣԼΪغʳãɱҰʹӲжȻ١

ӲʼըʽǺһݶһֳķǳ죡

ʱڣӲ͵һǳµĵز

ڵ͵ʳʳص󻼡ʹõʱǶʹǿʼøַǽвɱ

ǵòжҩʳɱ󣬴Ӳ

16ʮͣ͵ʱĶһֱûֹͣ

һֱ19ͳڣ༼ĽӲڵõ˼١

õƵĲûи˴ȫУǾӲϾɱ

һֱ1880꣬Ӳ󳹵

ϣɵø̾

֮ǰЩ󣬼ʹͬϻǿ󣬶ûϼֹ١һȺССĲ󣬾ȻôһСϣչһս

ò˵¶ԡ

СЩӲ󣬼ʹսɷֳȴ֤Ⱥ

ȫûʲôжһֱԺѾﵽӲԳ䡣

Ҳ뿪ѨرȥΪܱխĶѨˡ

Сͨխͨ̽Դ

˿ҹΪشȴԵرȳʪ

ոϣûü۲ΧĻϵͳľˣ

棡棡ΣڿѸ룬ʱ䡣ʱ21

ɵˣԼճִ壬Ҫˣ

ڲ㶵ʱ䣬ѸĶѨԭ·ء

ڲ֪ΣǴģһİȫء

үһССЦӸӭһֻͬࡣ

üһʱ·

鼱֮£ֻܹ׺ݵĶ죬ƺҲΣգֻҲʼܡ

ѾˣֻоƨһʹһԼŶѨڣʹ˳̵ľܣžоʲôˣ

ʱΣյУͷһۣһ޴èͷӥڶڶ档һ˫ԲԲĴ۾ɫ·Ĺâצӻڶڰ

һͷèͷӥԴʱ˵ֱǹˣԴ֡

ܵһĳУعͷÿˮԼ˿ڡ

һȻβͶˡԭһ峤Сβͣ˿Ѿʧƨֻʣ¹ͺͺһƬһ˿ڡ

ǳʦͳèͷӥĵˡ

һԼʧСβͣһţԼȥôл죿

ҿɢװӣһԡ˵ʱ䣬ŪһڳԵģûб

һں˿ڽ裬ϺõĲˣֿʼ˵ڶðա

һѡ˰죬ĵѨδⰡ

ΪûèͷӥʱͻȻͲݴһ߳Ϯ

ƣܣ

߿ɱèͷӥѶԸˣ˶ǼһȻҲ˽

ֻܼӿ첽ߵĳ״߹հ˹յĶѨǳ㣬ٶԱСȵˡ

һӺ˳ߡ

һֻС˵Ҳ̫Σ˰ɣѹӲ󣬾ȻҲܱƽ⡣

У취ԼȡһԻĿռ䡣

뵽Լвֻ̫辶ˡһĶڣʼھر²Զھ

ڳͶѵ˶ڣæڣڵ£˸һ׵֮Ӧù˰ɣ

棬㿪塣¿:ճҺ

ĲµԭһͨճҺпһЩ֫Ĺܣ޳档

ԵճҺٸɽմԺͻѸٱճȻᣬĿճס

ճҺ˾ŸĻٶ ޴()ֳǿʴҺ١ճҺ

һʹ߸

룬Ϊݵ࣬ѡٻɷ˾޴󻯺ֳ

ӲͲԭСʱͻˣԭ0.2׵Ĳ壬ԣʧȥβԺֻ0.14ˡ

ɣڵ15ǧˣѰ»ȮҪһЩʮһֻҲ൱ˡ

ŤԼȻЩǻǿװ¡

ΣڸĿ͹Сһѡһи죡

Ŷ

ѡֳ

Ҫ붯ϻᷢʲôСʱɸ

һֻӴһ󶴡

ڲʲôɱԼڿԴҡڵйˡ

ʼ۲ԼλãƺһƬũԶǸֲ԰м

ʱֳѾ٣ǲ֪鷢չһˡ

Сʲôʱ򣿡ʡ

ʮͺڡ

ʱѾǴìܵʱˡ

ֲؿʱһֻɫӰӹǰβݣ

ⲻǳĺּô⵺ϣ

Ȼۿֻּܵ˸أʼʳᡣ

һֳ˼ֻڲⲻǺڼ

ˣϲ˵Ӳ͵ʳô£

ȥֲ԰ļ˿ʼЩ

ЩٶȺܿ죬Ҳܽƻһʱ̻ˡ

һ·ϵĹ۲У󶴣ɢζװ׵ĸסڼּ

û۲ãע⵽һӲĶѨڣϡڶѨ̧һֻӲ̣ëûгѾɱˡ

ԺĹ۲޴ɻʵ

Сô£Ϊʲôôڼּ󣬻Щֵϡ

ãϵͳ𣺡ϵͳϻǴվȡһͺԣѾ¸£עգ



һȻµһڡ




55.  ǹ     ϵ

ϵͳµ, ϸһ֮ǰЩʲô

ԭӲһУǹĴڡԭףʵǺڼּ

ڱӲ˵, ֱ֮֡

ԭӲķֳûôǿ, ֳǿǺڼּ

ֻΪʷ̫, һЩоӲʱ򣬺͵ʱһΪӲɵ󻼡

ʵ, Ӳһֱ棬ûмĳ֡

ӲսҲǲڼּġȻҲ֣Ĳɱ£û, Ӳ˵

ʹΪʳ٣ǵҲռصġ

Ǹֳߴֻĺڼּˡ

ΪʷɹĲ鶯, һֱǱӵĴڡ

ѧҵĻ, ּԴڶϲĻԼȻǨ, 鲼޲ٵΪͱȽϴҲд

ڼҪֲŷ޴½, ʷϿֲĺǺڼġ

ּ͸ҲǿǱȽϲŶս, Ƚ׺Ĵڡ

ǻȺӵعǴĶӡʲôģҧǵ̡

ڼҪСһЩ, Ǹ˳Ϊݶ

ʷϣּŷ޺ΪսԼЯĲ˺ڼ˺ķġ

ڳʱľУڼּһݶһرΪһԺں˫ɷͨĴֻ͵ɵµأֱӻֵ

Ĺ(Ҳмά)㱻Ͼ·ΪûУʧȥ˷ֻڵ񵰷ǳܵв

⻹һҵŵԱСﶯĴ֪

һӲˡĵ Сֵô죿

ڿC񸱱֡˳ɣɶ⽱һ򡣡

ɱֹɱ

ţûǱֱ̬ӵİ취

Ų峯ȥʱ״̬ЩūֲԼ

Ϊ״ȴǳʺϸ

Щū۵ĺ˾˼ˣѾɥʧǵĸǵӢ

ͨϵͳǵĶԻ

󣬽ĸᶼ˺ܶˡ

ȥһǵġ

ôһʧǵǮ𣿡

รôô˵СñӴ㡣

ʲôˡЩĵ󡣡

˵ˣˡ

Զһūӭ˹

ūվ˫ֽǰͷһַǳǫķʽū

ū¹ۿһȦڸصĽ䣬˸ոձʳĸᡣ

Ȼŭȡıӣһūȥ

˿޴ƿǸūһӾͽūĴ·ˣ¶Ƥ

һʱ䣬ūƤΪ˶ܱӣǱعϣͬһֻϰĺ

ûһϾմѪ밧Զ

ЩǿøأǻЩô࣬ҽҪ㳤ԣ

ūϵس ϻڲͣ

ʱһūŮӿȥˣǸոձΣ۵Ǹ

˵˱ĺūϣҲ漴һ㣬䵽ıϡ

𾴵ˣϵ۵ķϣɣа취ԸЩ󣡡

һ⻰ūͣ˱޴򣬾Ӹµʵ

Ŷʲô취

ūŮæ˵

ǿøɲݻۣ󶴿ڵȼǱƳȻɱ

ūü

ūŮæǻʳͶЩرϲȺӵ档ʳжҲȥ

Ҳһ⣬ȻģʱͲˣһԺҪЩ٣ף

ūŮͷ

ūƲһڳˣ뿪ˡ

Ůӷ˵ˣŶԷ˺ۣ̾һ

ūŮһֱƾɵķĥ

һͷҲһڶϳֳ

ſԭأֻһ

һ࣬ûþڵأۿɼٶȣһֻһģһľӲ

¡峤ȫʱͻȻ֣Լһ塣

ԣǽһֳȥ֮һԼݵĸо

ǣ¡ȻܱԼĸ

ҲƵģһֻܸһ

Ҳ⣬Լһ굽ͷÿ춼ʹһΣôһҲ365ֻ¡塣

ôӵľ󣬾ԱȵһСֻˡ

һԺԼ߸忪ʼְͨ취ɱڼּ

ǸºڵĺūŮӣ˿ҲòѼϼܣʼԼҹĿꡣ

ǿ¡һҪһֻһڣ˲һĶĸᡣ

ȻҲûô굽棬һξһЩԡ

ʱƣһӾͿ˸ֵϡ仯ūŮֻӲͷƤˡ

ÿε°жҩʳʱǰЩŽĵ̣Ӳʳ

ΪڼּĵѹӲռ䡣кܶපѨӲĵ̣Щռˡ

ЩϵĲҲӲĴȾ

Ůӵķεİæܿá

һԺһƬĺּڼԵõ˼١

Ҳ˴һص⣺ּ֮һֱûб һǷֲֳһǷǳеʱһεͲϵڶΡ

еļֱܷҩ˼˿ҩԡʵͷۡ

ūŮҲûкö٣һЩ°취һʼЧʱһþûˡӻ磬һֱ취Ӧš

ǣū󻼵õһ̶ȵĶʱѺūŮӵҫԸ߼˵ϵū

ʵ֮ǰЩԲ̵ĴϣһʼҲ1762꣬һ˹.ܽ˴ӱߵĹŰʹġ

ֻϧͬûУ󷴶Ϊ˺档

Ȼ޴ΪûֹͣΣ

1844꣬һλа.ά˹˴ӰͰͶ˹˺ܣһʼҲִָ󻼣ƴ

صޣȻҲϣЧ΢κûɣֳһ

1872ֲ꣬԰˹ΪƽϢ󻼣ù9ֻիB

ԫBİ취һʼȷȡ˷ǳЧһȱֲ԰㷺Ƴ硣

իBͬߡЩС϶ǵʳϵС˾޴в

һǳε⣬ǾǺիBһ㶼ǰ첶ʳɼȴҪϻԶڼĿƣիB΢΢

ô˭ڰɥʧګBڣ

ȻǵùӲȺ˴ϡܡʳԼիBĶȺ

1880꣬Ϊԭֵǣˡɼȴǿػ

ʱ18кڣǻֻ˹ŰʹϡÿμĴϣͻᶯճҺǶճס

ҵѨ١

¼¡壬ĸǸūŮȥµֲ԰

ҹū͵ƣĲװáûѧ滭ǵһνӴ滭ߣɻģ

ʱ䣬ıֻūǳͣҲ赽µֲ԰

㲻𣿡

۾ػʱһԺ

֮У˻ʣ¹۲죬Сؿڣ

˭˭

Ǹٴ

ûɵӣĲıװ

ƾȴֳջͬĵ

ܰɣֻҪԸҡ

û̴Ӧã̽ſڵ

ģ




56.  Ϊ     Ӽ¿ʼꡭ

Ӽ¿ʼ, ֪ԼǸūĸ׸һҲһֱǸū

Ժûм, ĺ˵, Ƿ˴һ, ˿һֱûϣˡ

ʮ꣬ĸҲˡΪʡǮ, ˲ûҽȻҲˡ

ӱȽϸľݡΪҲСɻ̤ʵ

ȻĲ, Ĳÿ˵ıȽϳȴǳԼĳࡣ

ʶԼһͯ, һĺŮ

ٳ÷ǳ־, ҲЩ񡣵ͬʮʱ, ͱռˡ֮󱻴˵ׯ԰, ʮһӡ

ֻܿϧǸһزۡ

һΣм๤ԭԼǸͯ, ׯ԰òΪôãׯ԰Ů˾۸

ʮĶصļ۸, תøһֲ԰

µһİãֲ԰

ǵһ顱Ĵ˵

ܾûϢֱһ죬ū˵

ԭѾˣǸȾβõĴȾ

ʱʮ꣬Ҳʮꡣ

ӴԺһ뷨:ǿסģŰūЩΨΨŵŵĺ˶һġֻĺŮӲ²ģ۸Ǹ

һֱûн顣

ԸΪ˱֤ԼūΪԼūԸū֧

һСԺūɷ򣬲ΪʲôΪܴùԷ

ڵѾ26ˣûԼĺӣҲԼĺӡϾʹӦһһ顣

ԣСǾƢٴҲ󲿷ĺ˲һ

ԵԺﴫʱһӦǣ

漴ǿ־ϲñŷ

ʲôСʡ

ȱô࣬ȵǰʱҾͻˡ

ܰһ𣿡

׼ȷ˵˶ɡ

ɡڿо׽֣Ҫôң

óǱȽϾԼģǰ

ǰ첶ʱֱ˰ɣ

ô֪

Ͳùˣ˿ڸҿɣ

Űɵߣӣ¶˱⻮˵Сۡ

򵥴˿ڣ¶ڿС˲һ⸲ϣ֮䣬˿ھۿɼٶ

Ӻֱƽ޺ۡ

¶һ˳ûԥشӦ

ϾǳӵĴڣûбҪƭԼһͨͨĺū

Ҫʲôۣʡ

ʲôֻۣҪɹԺ󣬰ҽЩС

󣿡

ǵģЩɫɫļ󡣡

˵꣬һסģֵӲͼƬ壬ɱ

ͷͬ⣬Щ뷽跨⼸һ۾ܿ

Ȼˣһλɵķ 



ӣ˸ʱ䶼ڷѿ¡塣

ط

ȣҪѹȣһҪҵԼһˡŽһпŽ

һˣ

ǵģǺһз˼ūһҪע⣬ǧҪЩѾӵһλͲƸū

ΪʲôӦÿԸṩİɣ

УΪūǳӵԼǵʱѾһˡ

ϲ㣬࣬ǻЭһˡͳεūڴȶ

ʱ㲻ܺŽĶ󡣵óɾ͵ʱ򣬾ͿԿʼ£ǡ

 ӦŽЩ۸ģﲻͨū

ǵģо򡣡˵ Ҫλʱ䣬չһԼˡ

õġ֣صشӦ

ļĴĸ£֮󻼶õ˴ơ

ͬʱҲչԼһЩ׷ߣȻҲװŪİæ

ֲ԰תһȦһ˽ʮλ׷ߡŮԳع˰

ΪһڴСĽСȻֱаҲΪڶԱ˶УŮԻԶԡ

ǵһֱ۸ܵڱѹУԱʵһμѹ£ײŮԣűȵײԸǿҵķʶ

һеˡֻһ죬ǻͬɽ緢һص

Ȼ˲࣬ȴģΪڱߵĹŰͣһߡ

ֻˣȴƯķ֮£һȡ

ߵģ

һѾɣǵڶ

ûһ仰ǹȨ

Ȼڵ޷ȡѾ͵ǹ׼

ȵʱ죬ͿԿʼ

ڵڶҪìܡ𡭡

ļƻŵˣܿˡһᣬӦ

ڶ죬ԭҪոһʧʮ֮߰ˡ

඼ʲôʳ˸飬ˡ

󣬲ֻһȫеֲ԰ɵˡǷ˻ţܿŭ֮Уūǿʼúū

һʱ䣬ϣ˶ܵ˱ס

Ϊʧеūԭûˮʳнп˿ۡūǿ಻ԡ

ʱѾˣſ¡壬ǿʼ

ͬʱڵĸ˵ĺūĪֵһ

ȥɣȥѰǵɡĿؾڡ

ӵģǸʵɽֹ㲼ƶֳͣʱûȤ

ҹȶ˳ƵϢһūɢ¹⣬ָĵطȥ

һ 鲻۵λӡڰˣŮиеͣ١

һĸĺŮվм䣬Χѵҫ£ԭòϳ˼㣬˵

λװֵܽãƺǣǴСһֱڿ־뼢жȹ

ǵĹԺһߣޣǶһƤڵˡ

ǵǱߣɻֻͨȻūŹ򣬳úÿŮкɷйߡ

ǵϱ̤ǵȨᣡǵס

ǣ

ûӦܵĶԴҲӦΪɫ볤಻ͬ䵱ū

ΪǶˣ˼иˣﶼһźɫѪҺ

ҪΪԼԼǺӵδŬսҪһ飬֮ϵ

Ϊϣ

Ϊϣڳߺ

վסʯϣһֹ̧֣ͣź

͵˳ļǶЩ˵ѵ

ºӵĵһζʼ졣

һ쵼ţݵϵĵΣλսϾܾһ

һսûв̫࣬ûѪķԱ̵ġ

һֲ԰սûôǿ˵λԵòһܿǾȡ˵һγɹ˳˵һׯ԰

ɹˣݶ˴еߵġԭȫԭܴܸ߸ϵūܹʤ

ӴˣԵһׯ԰Ϊݵ㣬λԽԽ׳󣬹һһֲ԰ĵ̡

ҲԽԽĺ֮

ʮ󣬾ôʱĶڣλռӵĴ һЩдĸۿûб£ڵѾʵΡ

ȻЩ˹עսͬʱҲһֱ

ΪرռʱͿʼ˰æЩ֡

ʱִҴҹ˶ʮ꣬ⳡУѾʮˡͬʱȨҵչڵĴеߣЭǩ˺Լ

ԼȨĶͬʱҲһеڴ˿̣ͨҵ

ԣսǿĴеߣǿӲΪǲǵġµĥУһĥΪһ䡣

ʱ֮£ѡóһ棬ȫȫˡ

ЩҲ˳˺ּڼ󣬻дϡ

ӲԼ档

ʱմ˼ʮ꣬ȷϼıˡͬʱҲһ̡

һֱ˾ʮ꣬һ޶Ů˶ƺΪĸ

һ̣˥ϵ

ӦòµʲôģѾԸȥԺǻúüĴֻġ

˵˵ţԽԽСҲԶر۾

ҲУһһ֮Եѡ

ΣCӲСɣɶB׼ر硣




57.  С     ԰ľƵ

԰ľƵ, һʮļ䣬˴档

ع鵽һȵʶ׻, ֻ, ӵ֡

Ȼٶϳƽ¼ŮԸ߶ȵۡ

һµʷ, ʷм䡣

ִ˹ǵǵĴȻʷһЩ䶼ıˡ

С, ʷı䣬ôڵ㻹ԭǸڵ𣿡

ϵͳ͵Ȼǵģ㲻ʱշչڶ, ʱˮռΪӵ

ڶཻڵ㽻, ǰĸı, һƿϣվǻ㼯罻㡣

Ȼ, ĸı̫شôҲӰһ, ܻǸһµķչγµĽڵ㡣Ӱڵ㡣

  Ҳ˵ĸı䲢ܸıʱգΪʱյķչǼȶĵ

Сǵ, ʱշչҵľĸıرش󣬲Ȼɻ޸عԭ·ӡ

˹ǵϵŬ, ҲΪ˷չҵܵв
ϻޡɽסЩ󣬵ȵౣʱҲΣΣ״̬ʱվ

Ϊʲôɻ

ΪʱգΪչ

ˣ´ʱһʷϺպΰôҵ罫Χı䣿

࣬Ҳϵͳĵߡ

ԭˣǰһĻԼҶ˰ɡ

Σһ򣻶۵

壬һĿǣܻʮꡣ

һر˾ȵǾǼỼ֢Ҳô˥ϡʹһֱܹע

ڶһձ۵˼壺ǿͨѹؽڣƹǼܴСʹԼܹü޵ᡣ

еС˵еġǹ

ȫˣһֻһΣ˺һһݡ

ڼĥ䣬㲻⣬һֱһǳصġ

ʹִ൱˻ᱻݵĲʹĥ

ζţԺݾˣһǡʡһʿҽǮ

֮ǽңӰε٤
Ӻڼʶ˻ҡ

һ״壬ô󡣱Ĺ֡

ڹѧ֮̽£٤һǰͬνһѸٷֿγһ׽ȥ

ж٤򵥵رС

ȷܲһĲҲˡ

Сܻ졭

ڶ峿žԼ׵һ綯ˢʼˢͻȻˡ

뵽֮ǰ˽⵽Ϣһ顷Ŀ飬رϲͻαķ䡣ĵ˸ʱͷ桢ģ

ĿһַǣţûмʱţǾͻֱɾƵ깤Աˢš

ĿʽҲһֱںͬдŵġ

μӵһ㶼ǰ֪һֱûʲôر顣

ȻڽĿʷϣҲйηģ

磬ǰЩһλСμӽĿΪ˯̫ûĿĿŶ롣

εǣСϰ˯ɶ֡˯˲̫УӶ߿߰˰ˡ

һӣֱӾͲ¹ʡĿֱܿ͹ˣѵ¼ȴ

Ȼ͹˾ͽĿ黨˴ǮЩƵˡɻǶλСһӰ

ԺֻҪ£ǸСͻǵǸС־ͽͼ ȻȦһȦ

һλŮˣΪûлױֱȥˡ֮󱻺ڷ۽ͼ˱ȫ贫

ԭֻҪúӪҲһηǳģȵĺûᡣӲŮ˸Ūûˡ

һֽϣĿЩڷ۸˷ͥŪһؼë˹ڵ淴ģȫڡ

Ҳ伣ˡ

һ¾ԼŴ綼ûʲôëڶԷ׼ŶʱŤŰ֡

һոϴֱ꣬ǰ

ۣ𣿡

еֵ𣿡

ֱУòһĳ˧(ɫɫ)

ֱУҲţˮһա(ŭ)



һιʳÿһ鶼һǳ˼Ļڡ뽯ƺһǸС̡ϴ衣

ɿɰСˮ̡ھͷǰ󲿷ֹڶܵʵ̫ˣ

쿴 쿴ˣawsl

һʱ䲻֪ĽС̡()

ӦƸ̡Ա

ڸС̡ϴʱ򣬲֪ǲַ̡ǡôС̡ǳأС۾Ͳצˡ

һԵԱܾȣ˵

Ȼˣǻǵһ׽һİˣжԵ

ŹֱϵС̡һֻߣһ°͡СһèһӵػӦţȻë׵ԲСۣһʡ

̲סǳЦ

ҵ찡ʲôֽ

ͼŰ

˧ȳ裬Ѿûеֿˡ



տʣ󲿷ֶ뽯Ƶֱ䡣

ĻǰǸշ˹صֱֻû뵽Ӧͦģֱжڽ׵ĹҲܴӦԡ

ʲôҲ൱λɾͷĶˡ

磬µ١ΪĿ鲻üαһطţϾпʱ

ǱʨɽȻ֣ʨɽǳΣա

ĿһЩСȻ񣬵ǻûɥĲüαЦĵز

ʨɽҪľǡʺ

ԱǽϻʨӸϻУ԰ʼ˲ʺж

ϻʨΪèƶȻζġҪ˵ǶǴʳߡʳķ㣬Ƚʳ˵

ޱʰŷ㣬һ߲ƴڻһ߹ΪѵӪЦաҲлصĽӹȤ

һοǵˣԱһξҪٵöࡣ

һЩͶιϻʱԱͰĹ⡣ŲдȸߵĴͰ

ƱһŮҪǿ׳ģҲǳķֱ̧ͷǰһһͰߵƽȡɡ

ʱǲ֪ǣֱҲ

죬¶һ飬ҲͶιһڳ࣬Ĺע

ЩڶضĻǰ뿴뽯Ƶı֡

ɵͰ⣬Ļˢһ

̫˰ɣ֮ǰǸмαһͰѾ

ٵİɣôд𡣡

ǴǷۣǸкǿѡĿ֪(Ц)

ǸֵǸ

ȥһ£ô𣿿



Աָ£뽯߽ܱյĻҰŨҵζѬ˽ơ

֮ǰѾԲ治ɫ

ڽ˷ֿߣʼ˿Ͷιʱ

ͻ

ֻ˾ֵļ






58.  Сè     յĻڡ

յĻڡ

ԭϻ˿, 񣬲֪Ϊʲôԭ ȻƿһСĶ

ڸոգǽͶιʱϻצ, м˳, һѹסûüӦĽơ

ʹͬƶٶ, Ҳһ֮ɹ˹ȥ

ˤڵأϰᡣһ֮ϻĺжٸ

ͻ, ڳ˶ˣֱĵĻʧƬ̣ǵصġԲۡ

ڵ·عţֳֻ˿ϣԼѹ, һ߷־ļС

ӰʦɵˣӰ, ƴغȡ

ֱĻҲ˿ʼöڴʱۿĹ˵, ʵǹۿĿյһΡ

Ҫ, ͬһеͷϻ, ҲʼӵĶʼĽƸȤ𽥿£

һͷպÿһĻ

飬˹, һֵϻͣڿеצӡ

Ϊûпϻʹطһ ͬըףеļֱ

漴ģϢ, :

!

ԭͷϻͬèһ˱ᣬĽɪɪ

Ϊʼٸߣֻצϻ˿ѾǵԲ۾Ŵͣ˫ɻſڵϣһãȻ뾪֡

βڵϣͬһֻ˳Сè䡣

ֱ:

!  !  !  !

!  !  !

!  !

ҿʲô


ƣסϻ׳צӡʼ׼ָ״ӽƵ·

һָױԺֻϻһͳתͷһɣ̾Ϩ˻𡣼ſţɻ״

ȼָ׶˳ͷϻæڵ˽䣬

ܵĹУֻצеˡ

һǶ԰ʧְ˵ȫв

ͻ¼УƲûص˺˿лˣԼܵ˾š

Ϊ񣬶԰˲ǮҲӦһЩϧݣĿȥ㡣

ò˵Ϊտܻô꣬ɵġ

ڶ賿ոմҽԺϻĽƣ͸ûһ뵽˽ĿС

ΪһĲ죬ǰèӤء

Ƕ԰֮󲿷οͶǳЩ֥ԲġŸֻ˶ЩɰСȻˡ

ڽ֮ǰӰʦ˱Ҫһִרŵ޾Ӱƾһ飬һ޾ӡ

Աǰ棬˿ʼߡ

Ȼ˿֣¶üܸܵϲ˷ܡһ֪ԽĹжڴ

һԵҲ⣬ڻ˵èǹҪ˵ܽӴèˡ

èҰ⻹£ֳܵ͡

èʱûָ󲿷һֻͮͮûëأСһСȻǺ̬Ĵè̡

ոճĴẹ̀ƽֻ145ˣĸıǧ֮һȻĸĲ鶯֮һ

Ҳ˴èķ൱ѣÿһͷ˳ҰèǷǳ

Աְֵؽ̵ǸСèι̡һССһֻèʱȵĴУ׶ܸܵ

̫ɰ!

̫!

Ѫ۶ˣ

Ϊ˲Ŵè̵Ļ԰û̫ãһǾͳˡ

ƻڴè̵ĿɰС

ԱҲʼһߣһ߸ǽ԰Ĵ£ʹè֪ʶ

ᵽèʱԱžͷ˵:

ʵأӦв֪èдèǽèܡ

ΪǰˣǴҵֵġһĶϰߡʱչĶķıˣ˴ҶǾչʱǱ㽫èܶè

èСè֣ǸеСܵǸСΪ˱ӣͼһС֡

:รԭһᰡ

СʵڴСè˵˵һ汾

Ŷ?𣿿˵ԱЦ˵

Էû⣬˵:

èֶ˵ʵԴڱģԴһԪ褵ˣǶѧҳΪʷԭƾӱ

ԼʡһʮꡪΪèУһд˴½èֵԴڴ½ĶʽıҵߵĴз

ҲںöΪȷ˵Դ

ʱ֪Ϊһֱһ粨ٵĻڳ:

ˣСͲҪŪԼǵƶ֪ʶˮƽ˺ðɣ

ѽ֪ģרҵèԱǰʴʡ

Цˣⲻǹعǰˢ𣿡



ȻЩȻǲ֪ģΧ˶ϸèֵıǨ渵:

19ͣһ̷ķʿڴ˼˵׳Ƶġܡܡ

ʶܡһ˴δܡǣ1869꣬ΪڰܡһƤë͹걾Ļط

èֱСèģ1915ġлֵ䡷УèĽͼ滭ľСèӢֵpandaҲСèġ

ʱ鼮˸ոᵽġлֵ䡷:Ǻرǵ䡷ʵúӢǵ䡷ֻèûèܡ

ҪǣЩŰ涼棬ԸҶĿܡ

֮ԳӦ뵱ʱĶѧйءʱûл򣬶ѧһͨ״зࡣ

ڵĶѧңΪСèСԵϵܽ֡

ִèʱΪСèСӵƵĿץյĴָ졣ֺСèķΧصӶèСèһࡣ

ȡèӢʱֱӾpandaǰһgiantΪè

ʱĻս׷ɣĵĶѧҸûһȫоںֱӷӢĹ˴è

ŴèpandaϵԽԽܣ֪Ҳذè˴è֡

СèӢҲˣpandaͳ׳רèӢ

ΪʲôèܣΪλĵԪ褣˵ڱ

ǡá֤˱ǻͳ˵Ǳʱĵ쵼ӢŲɣҪèΪèܡ

èڱںܶ˶Ϊǲࡣ

ĳϣԱҲ˼صͷ

ԭˣҾܾãֶĵͼڵʱӦò̫ܡ

ϾǸʱʶֵˣͥһ㡣˵оݣʱϳǿŶߵġ

ԱҲƫƫˣ˴ôõĶﴫ

ԱЦЦСӣ㻹ѧ𣿡

ǵģCҰȻרҵ˵

ѽC󣬻Ƕﱣ͵רҵҲ൱֪ʶġǸո˵Ĺ۵ˡ

ֱ

˵ģ

Ҹոȥĳ֪ʶƽ̨һ£ġ

ҴСһֱҶ˵죬СԼ

ɲأ´ηʱǵò㶫(Ц)

Cרҵȫͬרҵõˡ

˵˵Ҳţ


˯ǰֻ΢ԼԼˣǸռڽɽС

Ϊʲôȷ֪ʶ˵ģô㰡

ֻν˵

ûǶԵģ㲻˽˵˼룬ܶ˶ֻԸԼŵĶƷһȶǺѵġ

ֻҪ֪ʶС

ʱֻǸմġ

ι

ԭǸϡħĹ棬Ҫˡ




59.  ֮      ڶ磬

ڶ, ڳзǰ΢ע

ͬһʱ䣬㿪˱@ƷƷ棬˹Ȼת΢ſʼץʱԷ, Լ׼㡣

æµһ, صƵ, ΢˺üΣûе½ȥ

Լ΢ҳ, Լ˽@ˡ

֮ǰΪæһֱûпЧֻԼת΢£ָۡ

飬Ƶ

һʼǸһƬεɫ, ӽǽ뺣УһϮɴˮӹιһɫβ

βͬ׵˿, 沨Ʈݡ

һͷǻױ, ò˵ʱھ￴Լʱ, ûƵоޡ

Ч׵Ĵ, ߮Уɷɣ

ڽʯϺ, ¶޳ĲӣԸеĺᡣ

ĹҲ

֮һڵһССӾ, ӲŪɲĴ󺣡

һ棬ҲԼĶʵμˡ

һѣȻѵ

ӦƷƷǮġȥһҲ϶ǿġ

ٴԼţвڰ༶Ⱥ@Լġ

϶һЩ򵥵Ļظ

Ǹս̵˴ĳǶ˵ҪظеģϾ

һ˱ֵ̫ӵԱ˵Ļظ̫Ƶô˴ʲ̫ܻ

ΪǺֵģõʱӦǵʱ ;ϵİ¹⡣

׵õ밮ϧ

֮͸¶̫ϢûоԹӲƷǰҪ̫ӽڡ

ѾãԼӦȦ档

󣬡һ顷ڽˡ

ڼ䣬ƾĿֱԼЧӦǷ۵

ڽĿ칦ϣ˶˾ơ徭˸죬µúſȥ

ھϣƱյǲʵУֻи

˲˵΢ţҲȦ΢ˡ

ڽĿûؼһˣΪٹ£ҪѧƵʱ򻹵æһ

һεϹ棬ʱһƷҲӲ֤ĴԹ˾Ǳյ˲ƷƵĹԤԼʱꡣ

һص˾Ǹվ˵

㿴Щ˾ɸѡĹ棬ڿ϶ûһƷ㡣ѾԸߵˣԼ

ӹƽ忴һ¡

Ʒƻ϶ǹڶߣһƷƿں죬һ۵ҺһЬ

Ʒһ¡˼Ƭ̿ڵ

ѡ۵Һɡ

ǸգΪʲô

˶Էһۣ˵΢ķ˿ٷ֮ʮ඼ŮۣЬʱǡ˵ƷƵЬӣԼ۱Ҳߡ

⣬ںȻ˵ģϵĲʹøжȽϲ

ȣǷ۵ҺǴԼ۱ ǿڱԶʤ

ţӿɽҲǸصͷһοڶԼԼӹˣԣн

ӣ˷æĹС

ʱܿ͵ѧӣʱпѾ˽Ĵ

ǰ˵Ǹġѹô˶Ȧ֮ͣǮҲ̫ˡ

Ȼѹܴ󣬵˵ֻҪ׬Ǯֲǲܡ

ڼСס죬ǰӲСһЩǮǰCķɻ

ȵʱвٷ˿ڽӻһһ̲裬ȻѧУĽʹ͡

Ϊ˷ֹΣڳϴ˿ֺñڵ

³󣬴ҴææرҵѧУ񴦣ѯʿɲ֪ⷿһⷿҲֻʵʵȥˡ

ҵԼᣬһţ滹û

ѧУѾˡȥƷ󣬻ּһ顣

̴ʱһˣһŴС

ˣͬѧҽ

һ΢ֵװֵϣһ˫ۣͦϲ

ãҽ

ûãҲˡ

λѽ֮Σ˸߸ݵأһ۾ȥǸͦ˹ĵˡ

һλѺһһá

ֽнĴȽ϶أ컯һѬױϵ·Ҳ˸ָΡ

Ȼʱ򣬽ͳǿĺӣװŵľȻǼߣ

òĸ˶һˣѡרҵ϶ЩٸȤ

ڣͳͳΧʵ

𣿡

ǵġش˵ִͳһĺӣء

֮Σ⡭ǲϷİɣ

 ꣡㲻˵Ҳ˵µġûշҲſʼϷڶֱһˡ

ַǱֵĳߣѾѡƷгڵΪרҵνרң˵Ҽˡ

֮Σ!ʼ߰

갡ôҰְֿ߳ģģҰӦǹˡ

ЦרҵҲȤðɡ

ɣҪǹڵⷽרҵ֪ʶ̫Ƿȱˣϣܽҵһ¡

˼ĵͷϵͳ˽⵽ڶﱣķɣڵȷġ

ΪֱӾǲġʢٹԼʵԼó׹ԼȻҶڲգÿҵϸͶһ

һóĶСִھͲϡ

һֱ֣ӽĿ¼ϵĶһԴʵϣĿ¼к֣ܶıظûС

Ҳ˷ǳЦõľ棬һЩֽ뻪ĺԭظΣΪĿ¼ϣڻ˱Ĵ

ɱǲɱأ

ɱͳ֣ɱΥ䶯˵Ǹͷµ⡣

ƵĻ⣬ĵġ֮Ķʵǲڹ⻹ǹڣѾ෱Ѿ˳

ȴΪĿ¼ϣҲսɽˡ

ֻսɣĺҲûʲô⣬һЩשҡרҵˮƽʵڿǡ

ԭڳҵúõЩڱսɺ󣬻϶Ĳôûþˡ

гֹ½ˮѱϴΪ֣߰óɱֵЦ

ö˾ãһЩıΣԭһڳﻯ

֮ǰҲЩԱʨӡѾ걸ҳϵЩ˵˵Ͳˡ

⡢

ϾЩѾ˸ָƯɫԼ˵ļ۸

ûбҪٷѾȥѰм桢òôƢꡢҧ˵Ұԭ֡

Ĳѡ裬ϲ֡ӣΪСߣ˹ֵս൱СֱԵ

Ҳ㶪ԼٿǮǧĳ

ж˵ģΪôĴڣϲȥ

ͷҰʧܰУ԰߱Ľѵصġ

ʣֻİ߱պһһۡ

ڹרҵĺ£ƱǳݡȻûϢڶ죬ֱӾͱͬˡ

ݶ԰ȴ˵ѣ˵Ǿ˺óʱźġ

Ϊʱοʲ̫Уƿӽأ뿴߱ǲǻŵġ

ӵĻ£ֻȻѡ

ѶܾѵġЩ𡱵רŶӣЩܾѡŷãҪɳȻΪݵ¶⣬ֱӶˡ

ڴڼ䣬ǳǶ԰ݶ԰ϵĳƤƻʼ֮ǰǾѾ䡣

ڵ˹ܾУĴƱֱӾˡʱžʮ꣬԰߱˵ֻһС͡

Ӵ˻İ߱ʣһͷ۱ˣϾǵ߱ķϣ͵ÿֺˡ

ڶﱣ·ҳ

Ǿѵڴϣϵͳ

Cȶɶ񡷣Ƿܣ

ԥػش𣺡ܣ




60.  򲻹   ë˹λӡȡ

ë˹λӡ, ޶ߵ˹ӵһ

ʷϣһֱһû˵Ļĵ

ۣǰľĴء

˿̵, һһֻ

, ׼ȷ˵, ǹҪֲʵΪ

еĹչɴ, ˵ˡ

ȻǿֲʵΪɺһҹ

ë˹ϵĹҲ⡣ǵϣϾͳȥʳ

֦䣬е, Ͻ

ɶѧʱ, ŵĶ, Ѿʧʷĳ

һı걾û¡

ɶֻë˹, ͬʱҲ¼, Ķ

ɶӷֵǻ˲ꡣ

Ϊûı걾ֻͨʱĻĸԭ

ڵʱĻ滭ѾȽϳ, Ķɶŵú˿һֵĻģ

Ҳֻݣжɶı걾к

ֱǣٵȻʷݡ׶ȻʷԼţѧȻʷݡ

, ţѧȻʷһĶɶ걾ġֻϧΪһЩʷԭûбá

ʹˣɶ걾ĲкǸòݵġ־Ա걾ΪҲΨһһжɶ֯ı걾Ϊоṩ˷ǳļֵ

ͬʱҲ걾ڻֺȷ˶ɶĴ½λ

ԭܷɵġߵؼȻǡӡ

ɶԸӴ壬ڸĿƣ֪ġһƵġʽѧӦΪë˹娛

ǵȴһǧǰӶǾǣһ·Ǩë˹

ΪḻûκУԶɶ񽥽ؾɥʧ˷еԳ½

Ҳһǻڰֵӡ

ɶ֣ں޴׾˼

ִԵ֣žǵʱǵˣԶɶĵһӡɡ

ʵ16ͳ˾ͷë˹

ɶĹ£ʼ1598¡һԺ̴ķ˹صں˷籩ֻ沨Ưë˹

Աϵ󣬼͵Ƿ˵ġߵؼ

߽һף1020ǧ˵ľ񣬾ȻɣûʲôܵҲ졣

ѵĴԱ˵ûʲô⻹ҪײʳĶˡǿʼЩȥɵɵĶɶ˵

ϾΪ˻ȥûѡ񣬱ӡ

ʼϣɶ⣬ûеôζЩ˵Уɶֲ񣬻ǳ壬ʵʡ

˵ѳԵĶɶӦòڱ

Դ17ͿʼԽԽë˹ɵĴȶɶҲӭ֮֡

ʵϣɶܲͨѧɨ裬ֶɶӵִûʲô

ҲƶϣʵܲǱֻΪûеĵطʧ˾ԡ

ʱɶҪĵطë˹ϲɭ

ҲóԣԺҲûΪӶǡΪأɶϢرƻ

յ¶ɶҪһԭ֮ǰӲƣΪֵ֡

ʱϵֳߴèЩԶɶвģ־

Ϊһ;޴ʳʲôԡִΪȦﺩ̬䣬ɱ˳Ĵڣ޴Ĵʡ

ʵʵ飬ļŻҰ⡣һҰˣèӦ

ֺļӴ˱ëֱĳҰ

Щ̰Ұǣڶɶķ˾޴в

ɶΪɵݣǵķֳȻڵϽУѨҲǴڵ档

񵰺ҲΪҰĿ

˳֮£ɶֻԽԽ١

ʱҲϲռޣţѧǸ걾1638걻͹ȥĶɶ塣

ɶһĿ¼1662ꡣͬǺ̴һҽСķɡŵĴë˹û

ҴĴԱάصˣë˹Աߵ굺ϣһȺɶ

ɶȥάصˣҲ˶ɶһ֤ߡ

ӴɰĶʧʷĳСҲû˿ǡ

ʹͬɶʵʵĴڣɰ̬Ҫһ

ë˹ϣһֽдֲΪɶҲЩʧ

ΪֲǷǳļӲɶȴ ֲﴫӡ

ǻ˻Ϊŵ

˷̵ǣڶɶִӰжг֡ΪһĻš

˶ɶˣ㿪壬鿴һεʲô

֯

Ӧ幹죬н졣ݡצӡë

һʮٶ ޴ֳǿʴҺٻճҺ֯

СΪοԽʱ̫ķѵ࣬һֻʹ򡣡

ãѡ񡭡ֳԼ֯ʼɡ

һԺһôϵһֻ޴Ĺէһһֻɫıӹ档

ϸ۲ͻֻ֣ᷢצ¶ŹĽ

ǿҵ⣬ɹ˯

һֱ̫ʧںƽϣƻˣų򣬷ա

˿̣չаףȥһ޵еȻ֮һƬӰ

ĸı䣬Ԥϣû뵽Լطˡ

ЩνצȴϽ

ϵϸСëҲ˸ı䡣Ѱĥ䣬˲Ĥ

ƾɫܿɭ﷢˶ɶһɶֻͥżֻϢ

Բ壬ȥȷǲôĵҲֻǿûʲôܵļ

ʲôʱ򣿡ڸʡ

Сɶʽ棬жʮꡣ

Ҳ1578ꡭʱʲôСҹ𣿡

СҲӵһǼеҹģҲ⡣ֻܺá

ΪʲôѡҹкܶԭһǱܿľǶУΪʱйأˬҹױ֤ȫ

ԭˣʮʱͲ˷ˡ

ӿһƻ

ϣԼϢŤתǿԼ˯

ڶ죬̫֮ʼɭУٵضŸָϰӴûκӰ졣

һ˫۾ڵ棬ѰŶɶ

ûֱӳһֻɶȥŵԭء

ɸֵ룺ôܰ

ԼĤһưƵڵأһŸ¸½ɻǲܡ

ԭؿ˵ң



һȻӵĽҲ˼ֻɶ񡣶شǰֻ޴ģڽͷӶ



룺ˣ

ԼĤϵСצӣǰݺݵһֻɶһεεѪҺ紩һڵء

һӣɶ֪ʹˣʼȾܡȻˣΪ֣ҳ겻˶Ըܲ졣

ԼڴЧڳЩĵͷԼߵϢһġ

ļֻɶ񣬶˵ץӣצأЩƤˡ

׷ϣϵͳǵС˿ڸκá

ȻӡΣ׷ѭ

һڣϵĶɶ񶼱˸顣һ

ı취ԼȥԿֳԼ֣Լİ취Ӳ

ӣһ⣬ѵɶΣʶ

ˣ




61.       ë˹ϣ

ë˹, һֻ޴ޱȵĹ𣬸£ɵѾĲݴСʼռɲݡ

ɲ, 򵥵شŽᡣ˺üСʱ, ڽ˵Ļ״˳

ϸ», ɵø̾˫֣ȻôĴڡ

εĲˣûǲ

Ҷ, һ򵥵¿㡣

ӵϸ£Ҳ

ˣĴˡѡʱӦðճҺѡϵ ֱһմʡ°, Ҫķ졣

ļ죬һֱæ顣

, ˳¯ˣ

ķĲ, ˶ɶ񾭳ĵطûãһֻɶǵش˹, شǰԼһȵĶ

ڶɶ׵ľʱ, һѽƷڵء

ͷĴˣɶţҵԼѾ˻С, Ͻܣ

ܵʱ˿ʼ׷

׷Ӱ

һԺ, ַ֣Чġɶıٶȣ˲١

ǣѧܵͯôܵѧǰ

ΪĲ˻ʵһʱ䣬ͻȥ

ΪʲôΪããϣһֳߵĴֻ

Ͼ˵Ѿ类ֳ߷֣Ӧûдֻ

Ȼ첻

ڰºڼ˴Ӱӡһ·̴ͣ

ˣȥ

ҴϷʻ޵ģԱǴŸֹҵƷȥóס

ΪƬ򣬽ƽյʱһ޴ĺӰϿա

Ŷϵ۰ʲô

װϵĴԱǣ۾տȥЩۣϺϵ̷磬󲿷˴ʱڴ˯

װϵˣضǸ

ȸһ㡣

𣬿

ȥǹ

ˡ

ӰѸײڶ֮ƸһˡǸڿвͣ㵸ͬ

ӺԱǵ·¶

ŶĶħҵɣ

иˣѾû׼е

Ǿ׼°һֻ̣޴𣬾Ȼƾʧˡ

ǵģƵУ˾޴ǰʧӰ١

˷ǹ־ؿܵ죬

ħ



ΪΣѾȥʱһԱͻȻڿն𡣷·ʲôصڰա

ʼʩ򵥵ذ¶Է·һζ˼װϡ

ǳûˣ

ģոôǹ

ʧˣû𣿡

ڶأ

ĿôǹԼô죿



ûᱳ·ͷˡ

쿴Ǹ

ǹֻȻǸϲˡ

·͸оɶˡ

Ҷ·̫𣬼򵥵͸Ūˡķ֯Ʒ桢á

һͷѵɶսЧ΢΢

˼ɶбȽǿսʶĶɶ˳С򡣼ȻˣǼɡ

ĶɶǣѾǽɡּ䡢ɽأǶܵ÷ɿ졣ԭཱུҲ˺ܶ࣬Ȼ˶ܼʵġȥ˲١

ʱ䣬ûֹͣЩɶı޲ߡ

ʮԺڵһɶˡ

ۿİķ˹ص̴˰ꤵĴԱǣͬոշųĶǣϲؿʼǰѰʳ͵ˮ

һ飬Աʱ֮衣

Ȼһ鴬Ա﷢ֵĶǲ˰۵Ҷ˷ǰĿյһֻ޴Ĺ

ǶһۣӶԷп˾ɻǴδĴڡͣӦǿԳԺһٵĶ

ΪȷֹǷйԣ˴ȥɱ

ڹУһ˲СĲȶһؿ֦һ˴ע⡣

ֻֻȥĴ̽Դת˹˶ڲݴеˡ

һžһʱ۵Сۡ

ཡɶ񷢳ٵĽȣವһ£˲ݴ

׷һɸɶë׷ϡ

̫ˣ

ʱǱѾʲѣûô׷ɶֻܲɼһЩȥܳԵҰӻȥˡ

ģԱڻȥԺеҲᵽ¡

ģǸոշֻôֻϧܿˡ

ԭҲˣҲǣЩֵĴ̫ܵˡ



ڴ֮󣬴촬ԱǣȥΧִ񡣷˺ܴĹ򣬴Աǲ׽һֻ

ôһֻɶҲû̫⡣ϾԺܲȫϾԼܲһֱЩɶ߰ɡ

Ӧһʤ̭Ĺɡ

Ա𣬽ֻɶˣԵʱ˶¶ʵı顣

ôأڶɶ걼ܣԭͲʣԽԽѽͬһëڿ﷭ڣ۶۲

ԭɶϻзǳ֬ھֻʣ²ˡ

ڵĻԾͲˣҲûô࣬Ҳ´ˡ

ʱڴֻû޸ǰķ˹صŵĴԱǣҲûв׽һֻɶ

һ̫Ѳ׽ʵ̫ѳˡԸȥץϵ㣬ҲԸץɶ

ǳ֮⡣ҲһϢˡ

µֳ߽죬ԽԽע⵽־޴Ĺ񡣲ųԳ˴ҲʹǶЩɱĶɶͼ

Զɶ˵µĸϾսˣ֡

èֵֵܣɱΣմˡ

ߣ˵е

Ȼǵͣڵĳɶ˵ûôвˡ

ΣͦģϾ˵ĴڼֱǷʤ

èɶв󣬹ʳԸɶҲǰ

ΣյĻ һﳤıȳɶҪƤɱԵɶ

һηʱѡ

һ仰ô˵ţ㷢ַһֻʱѾǧǧֻ롣仰һʺ

ЩߣԶɶѣԵĶصĺ

ϳ˶ɶ񣬻ЩֶͬǲӰ졣

Ҳչֶж

ڽƻսǿģֱɱԷ

ڽ˼ºоԼЩ㡣

ϾֶϢһһʱͬʱ

ǣһ취׽ȫľסأȥʳׯڡ

ҰҲˣȥķΧһЩìҲԽԽǿҡ

ɴ˿ʼЩֳֶ֮䣬˴ģΧˡõЧĿƣҰΪ˵һġ

ҰèҰҲʧë˹ϡ

Ψڵ£Ըڵ滷Զɶ˵Ѿöˡ

żı仯ɶҲһЩֶΡ

ֽĵĳ֣֤ɶҲȫûзվҪٽ

Щ仯Ҳϵͳһԭ͡

ע⣬ע⣬ˡѡĳٻΪִʱֵߵϢʱЧܼһϡעʣʱ䡣

㲻˵

һ㶼ҹԼΪǿת൱ҹࡣ

˭ϵֱӼһ࣬ҹȻĴɡ

ˣʣµʱû֡

뷨ֻܷϧûһϡһֱޣвûнꡣ

ΣCȶɶ˳ɡɳ̶C»ͣա

ɣһɶȥ˵ģȻɳܵð

ջ򡣡塣

һεֱǣһųӦ˿

һ࣬Ը֪ųı仯ŴŸ룬

ڶ͹˼ˣڱ

ᴲϣʼܸ졣

ڶ죬ȫᣬ˾ѵصĴ͡

ѵʼ




62.      ͳϣΪ

ͳ, Ϊ·˶ҡͷԵġ

ڶ꣬һԽľѵΡ

ҰȻרҵŮ΢һЩ֮ǰǷæĸѧ, ѡֶȥü, Ҳûж֪

Ҳż, ᲻ű߼ʵĴһڴߵ

ʱǰŵһͻȻվһƿӳ

㡭𣿡

һ, Ȼǡħ滹ӡԼƬ

ԷС˵ĿⶼҲȦһʱ˿ûʲôĸоʹЩͬѧͬꡣ

Ҳֻ΢Цĵͷ

ǵģһѡ

ҿ˵˼άϾԾûþû˼ˡ

Сܿ͹ȥ, ѧҲʼ˾ѵء

ʱķչںܶѧ , Ѿ͵ԼѧУѵ, CŽѧѵصĴͳ

һӪأشƫƧ, Զ

ѧ³, ԭѾۿۡһǰŴ塢ŵľѵء

һЩСĺӣѾܵͷǣǰפŵʿʱ

ٻͷһ, Ĺ·ϣտҲûһ, ֻЪ˼

Ҳע⵽رһɽ

ֵģдеģȥûʲô˼ΧһƬ۵ĽȺˡ

ѵʼ˼򵥵Ľվ˾ˣûĿˣϾǵһ졣

ѵľסȻǱȲѧУ
ѧУĸһᣬȴʮһᡣϴҲҪȥãСģ˽ȫ¶

Ϊһˣ˽¶ǿɲǿЦġ

֮ǰǸѧУҲҪע⡣ʲô˶УеھƵװͷҪ˵Աӵã͵ĵ֡

ѣһȥó˸ˮ衣ʮңϨˡ

ʮһζ֪

һ˿ζµӲľ崲һ㱡ޱϯѵûšխ˵㣬һͻȥ

֪Ϊϴ⣬һֱ賿1໹û˯š

Χ˷̾˿ȥСһ¡

ΪԶӺ˳

ͻȻǽ졣

Ǽ



ںĵʹ£˸ûмصĵطˣƽһԾǽͷ

̽ͷȥҹһƬ˵ءжǣҲлƹϡ

ڲ԰һԻ˼٣žӨ͸ĹӡӦפʿֵġ

һԵļȦǸһСᣬſյ

ζζζȫȿֺӿıǻ

ڿУᵽһϤζʲôèƶ

Ȼһ޴ӰӼ˳лһֻĸ

ĸѾûһһεġҹĿһֻӡ

ǹҵһȻôѧء

ʧˣûһѾĴڡ

ص˼˽Ĺ۲쵽ޣһˣͬЩѵѧ˵ҲǱڵΣաڿҪҪ¸߽̹١

һͷӽѵأ˵ѧʻᱻʿУϾ˵ȫȣǴèǿԻеġ

ȻֿԱȽСҲûС

塭

ˡ

˯ĸСʱǾȡһͦ𴲵һǵӡ

ϣ̹ǾѾ̸ǵ鶹

Ȼ𴲺Ҫ һ飬ϸģƻгͷ

ȻˣҲҵ

ıӵֺֿã깤ʱ󲿷˶ſʼ

׼ˣ̶鶫

һԭƬͷ

ˣֵܣãɲࡣ

õģллˡŮ˽ƷЬ飬ҲϲҾѵʱ

û򡣶˵̫һӰ춼ûС߻˿ţһԼһˣҶͶ̼йá

ȻֱӽԼ³´лһ̶ȣͺͱ¶һܲ

ѭĵҲԼĴӴӴ׳˳һСױ¶һѷɹƷȫǸոġ

ǧһҪúðϧԼƤ

̫Ҫһƿɹȥ

ţðɡ

ڻæĽ˵û£Ƭѣ˵ԼҲзɹ

ƳһȻӹһ£

ȥôӣˣˣ㻹Լðɡ

ɹûͳȥҲû˵ʲô

̹ٵҲԽ˳ְױҴææȥ첽˲ٳ

˿˻ֻ࣬ɢɢСܵԼ̹ǰ˸

̹٣

רҵĽ̹⣬ǸӲߵķӡΪƢºͣڽ̹Ǹ˵ġϻ

ɨһʵ

ʲô£

¹˵ȫֻšûаѺĻ˵

Ϊʿ̹٣ȫѾһºͶغģ

֪˵ʲô

֪ش

ǰƯᶨ̹һ֣ʾ

ߵٳĽ䣬̹ʣ

˵ɣʲô£

ȥСʱ򣬿һֻӣӦǹһﻪ

ӣ̹ȻڿʲôЦ⸽ôбӣ

̹ⶼˣû˵⸽ɽͷбӣɻ󵽣

ôֵģ

賿һСڲԱߵǽмУȥ˿һͷһֻˡ

̹Ա߲Զȷǲ԰ӡŲӵĲ˺ˮԼһЩѼʲôġǰʱ䣬Ҳ°˽ж

ѵбӣ

Լɻ˼е̹٣Ѿʶغôһǽӵģʱûʶä㡣

ãȻضȥҴ绰֪ͨһ¡

ԹԵػص˶飬ںôˣͲ֪ˡ

һͷ̹Ҳϵ˴°࣬£Ǳʸڷбӡ

һֱǻǻҹè͵ļģΪḽȽϳʪдèƶһ½ӡ

ӦСĶ߿еĲʳߡ

ҲعҹûзνĲʳߡ

õ׼ȷظ̹˿ֻҪǱӾС

ص˵һ¡Ҫ̫ģɵ㡭ΪǾѵ̫ŵ°Ұè˱ӡ

죬ѵԺ̹ԼԽԽԾû뵽ǹ/֧Ǿһˣһӣ˲԰Ӹһʯ棬һҹ

ȵ賿׹˵̹ٻûеʲô

ҪʱԶͻȻˡ
Ҷɳɳ죬ʲôƶ
ŶԽԽԭ͵ȵʮƣ̹٣̴

ԭΪѾһΣӦòˣˡ

¹շ£һýĺӰųβͣһԾһҡ

Χƣʼ䣬С˵еɽ

̹ٽŵֱðڴӣһһ㣬Լǣס㿪ʼӻˡ

϶ӰѾʮңҲϿǸʲô

ǱӣǸѧû˵

ֻͷŵ˼ԱߵһСǿСֻŮӵСȴϸȴ̩ɽͬһŵĴ̿ͣС壬ԼᶥһԾϡ

޴ȴҶȵͣ˼ϡ

һצӣʼڼ͡ҼǱŵÿҽС

ڣ

̹һܣһ߷ڣһäȥ

ӱһܿ췴Ӧæ㿪ֻһӺݺݵβϡ

Ҳû뵽޻ôͣҵǹƥԸ

β˵ıӷŭˣתͷǰ˾צӡ

״ ̹һ¿˱ӵĹ

Ұ޵ٶȳϣצ˲ʱµǰ

ǧһ֮ʣǽͷˡ




63.  콵     ˵ʵ

˵ʵ, ֮ǰһֱΪԼֻ̹ǿǲбӡ

˭֪ô£Ȼҵȥ

Ȼ˵ͽܶԸȻսǻ˴, ֲ, ̹پ͸Źϡ

ʵǺˡ

, Ӧǳݡ̶̼׵ľ룬һգ۵Ĺ͹ˡ

оΣգǰԼ, 㿪

ܣҲܵġ

һҰ޶Զĵ̣׽ĵط

ǻģԴֱߣѧʹù, ѾվʳĶˡǨ㣬һһĶ

һֻҰƵĵ, Ҫô, ҪôϢس⣬ԲŲòĵѰʳ

ο, β͵Ĵڶڴ󲿷èƶ˵, ǳҪΪƽ壬תȹܡ

ǰͷѾˣعɽֻ֣ܼӴѶȡ˿ڸȾ

ڴ, Ҫ

ģϢ

ڻУ˹ˣһֻڵͻ־, ͫٶȶӰ졣

һֻקסβͣһֻԷĲ

ס˵ĺ󲱾ӣűļ׵

ٶˣڵϣֻﻹϷĵͺ

ˣһڻıϡ

èȶݣо׻Уͭͷ

˼ǵ֫쳣һǯסǵȺͻۿۡ

֮ǰ̹ټٵѾʿ϶Ѿв˴ֵͲ߸ϡ

˸ϵʱֻһѵһֻϣһֻŻĲӡ

Աŵģǹʺ̹١

⡭ɻ

ŸϽæ̹һϵļʺΧ˴к

ְ˽֮£˳סؽӡ

һ󣬰Сֻɨ裺

鶯ʳĿèĿèơǿơ68ǧˣΪԣ19ꡣȮݶʧ

ԭһͷϵ۱ϻవˡ䣬ѾǸӵĴڡ

ӦǸ۱ʧˣ˳ʳΪֻܱǨ㵽ɽֵıԵƾḻ澭͵ԡ

ڱɭֹܿ͸ϵˡֳȷϣȷǹһﻪڻ֮һ

˱ӵβ˹⣬û⡣Ҳûˡ

ɭֹԱ˵Щҷɽ֣˸ֵ䵽ʵ񻪱ϧ֣Ҳӡ

ͷϵĻ֣ȷȻӦõһٽ㡣

űӱ̧ϳͣǲᱻҰˡһ԰ҰվԺȵضɹʣµ¡

һ䣬̹Ϊçײжͷˡ򱻸Աͽ̹ȥҽԺһ顣

ϵͳ£ǵļ鶼ͨʾǳĽʸܸܵأûһ˿˿ڡ

Ϊˣһ١

ΪʲôȻΪʲôܲ˾Ʒһͷӡ

ʿǿŰװ׾ʶΪɺϡ˵ˣɭֹ˵ͷϱӣҲҲأ

ȻΪԲѣ˵Լҹϰߡжŷǽ԰ߵġ

ڽ£һӣ1975꣬ʡũܣһг´Ůӣͳֿȭһͷ׶ĻΪŮӢۡ

ƷһֻĻҲܺ

ûв͸ǽCѵѣѶͦ¡ķ˿ҲڳﱣƽûȶȾͱŽ

Ӻ󣬳˽̹ٺͼϤżῪЦ˵ת˵û̫棬ΪΣѾˡ

˶ɺϣ̹ٿɲɺϡΨһһͷϱӴˡ

˾ĸܵΣաǸСӵĳ֣ԼҲõһƤ

ǶԷͻȻԾʱָоôһ̣ͷӻҪˡ

ڽѵ̹ٶûзʲô

ΨһǣҶһȦɰ׵÷⡣

ϴʱŰȥϴ裬ӺСɫƵģڰ׷Ψû̫ɹĺۼ

Ϊһữױɹڵ۲ѣʷɹķ 

֮ǰܾķɹˣǻûʲôЧֻܳǲһġ

ֹһڣǻѧϰ˴Уע⵽һԶŵĽ̹٣ûбֵ̫ʡ

Դӻ¼̹֮ٵ߾ʱʱͣϡ

Ϊûз֣ɾôѾһµĵز

һֱ֮ǰ̹ٲŷɻ

νһѧҽмо⸽ɽ·䡣Ȼ̹ҲҪͬ

ϽУԭķ鱻ӣҲó 

ڽ̹ٵʾ£õұϡ̫ɽˣĸһţ˳ʼо

˴ɽ·ƽʱ̣ͻĽŲ뻮һɽּ

ÿ̹ﶼһƣѧҲһСơ

ӿиһ޴ķⳤ̾ɽ䡣

ڵѵԭηѵѧǣѾʿģȻʿԶܿCˣֳܼԿġ

һ·û˽ۣŮҲˡ

ϵһֱ賿˶ʮҲоЩˡصӪԺüϴ裬ֱ˸⣬Ѻʪ·һͷ˯

̹Ҳħ˵ԼҲǸȫ̵ġڻӪǰż١

ã·ϴþȥá

ʱ˲࣬ˡ߽һ䣬սپĳ衣

ص̹ر۾



ʱǴҴңѵҲҪˡ

ԭѡΪ̶ӵĳԱǱƼȥųšˮ󵰡ڡҶ̫ۣǴһӰˡ

ν̯֣Ҳʡ¡

һûѵ衣ֻҪ˸жˡˣŮۿ

һദҶͦ᲻ξģҲðѸ̹˸С

ڶ죬ı֮˳Ŵͣ뿪Ӫء

ڻصѧУĵ죬֮ǰĵǸ۵ҺҲˡյɼҲת˹΢

һʱ䣬ѧУѧϰżǸյ£ģԱ㸧ο˿໴

֮ǰݵġ顷ƻᶨ١ΪҪŮҲЩһҪܲ

˵ڽļ£ƲʲôӰԴƾͺͷȦ˵һҪڼٽˡ

˾ǱҲڻԴܻһЩʵĿʹɫա

ȻһºͼݵӵǸյĵ绰

Ϣɣͼݡ

Ϣȡᣡ

ʲô

һϷ㣬һա

㷢ҿ

ע⵽ֻյļ򿪿һ¡

ϷǹŷҳϷơǸϷǺܻΪĿͻĿ꣬һֱǶԪߡ

ΪҲǮ벻ƴˡټϣܶ˸϶ԪҲͻ²ۡ

ԡơھ򳤵úÿСģأּǳ㡣

֮ԱУ֮ǰڡ۲衱ĵĺħ˹档

һĵĽɫϷ³ģкҩһ»

ΪϷҪǹסġȥѡ

һһͫһ¡ȻǡҰ2

ĿkinoּŲ߻MC˵ʦǺרұ

ĸǣҰ⣬ҰҲȫֱʽ

һĲյڶʣǳˡ

ڵĿλ ô̵һҪܷѽ⡣

ǸգԷҲ˵ףֻǻش𣺡㵽ʱ֪ˡ

Ҳûףֻ Ӧù˾ǩͬ

濪ȥ˸Ա˼٣ίرԼԺҪٵԱͽ

ͬѧ֪㹤ʣǧ˻ķѧҵ

ʦ֪ҵ׬Ǯ࣬ѧϰ;ǧҪĩáѧȳУѧϰҪԾѧ֪ʶԼ͵ߵġ

֤ԼķѧϰԱŵͷߡ

ȵµĹص㣬뵼ݼϷ̸ȷ˻̣ʼױˡ




64.     ױڣ

ױ, ţƾױʦŪԼ

Ϸɫķǹŷģŷ봫ͳװͬעƯƮݡ

ɫװ, ȥͺܶԪźɫϵҩ, , ͼƽ

ߴаߵƣװ̿۵죬ԵԭͰϸĲ, ޳

󴦴һ˫װнϵĺɫѥԵһ˫Сȱֱ޳

ɫͣһװһǿۡ

һ͵ױݱȽϼ, Ҫ͹Խɫս״̬

ڶҪŨһЩԳ, ʱֱӸױ·ˡ

ʦѾ׼˳, ٿǰݸְһѽ

ڵݵİ£ڳָ״ֻ̬, ܸоеëëŵġ

һʼ, ΪԷڽԼơʱһԷ־;ָʱʱʱԼȺͲӡٳٶҲЩԾˡ

һԷûпһ, ڿúܽƮһɹŹֵ̲ݳζ

ί˵

ݣѾѧ, 㲻ٽˡ˵ţƫһӣԼ

һСʱڻױʦĴӵ£Ҵҵرױ䡣

ױʦױݽ޸ģߣӰüëҲϸһ㣬˵ĸо֮ǰҪ˺ܶࡣ

ͷû̺ãҪױſȥ

װʦһ׻ޱȵĿ䳤ۣѧδ·¼䡣

һ·һԸоһЩԾ

Сط·¼һȻڹϷǽϣһ΢ͷóǿţһϤ̲Ϣӿǻ

΢һ飬ó͵ŸӦ׼һ飬ȷҲûĶ󣬻ٻ·

ɺ󣬻ױʦͷװʦԼͬķ̾

ֱǽģϷ˳

ֳһȺүǵ۾ֱˡھʱƳ۶ԷкԴԷ¶һЦݡ

ݡݣ𣿡

Ŷúúã׼

һε㣬֣˶ܣû̫ӡ

һֱϣյǰ˾ԻԵķڵϿٻ˼£ȻЦ˵˾ĪĻ

ݣؼԺ󣬼ǵöϴϴ֡

ĵݣûеһʱٶʲô˼

ݵĿؾͲΪʲôֻǮɫ뷨ѡ

ԼĵȨǱǰФŮʱ;Լϵ˶ֶţҹš۾顱

ܶʱ򣬶Է֡

ʱĵϲǱŮˣʹˣܼ󣬾ͿʼԻСȤ

Ȧ󲿷˶ͨ˸󲻵һȺǮСյˣ˽ö࿪š˼ܵסջ󡢶󲿷˶á

˵һķţɽ亣ζʱѻع鵽ֲ赭ӡ

ҲΪʲôȦ˶˻ѡ/ΪѰĻ䣬Ѿˡ

ǸָĶԹѹЩԭʼԿĵ䣬޷ڵĶͰʸһµĸ߷塣

ֵѾﵽٽ㣬ҪӲӿʹǴﵽġ֡

/Ʒѵѡ

ִ/Ʒûܽһԭǣٵļ֣᳹״ݻһ˵ľ񡣼ʹ䶾ܶɼ׸

ץӸεĿɲѰܵġ

һСƬ䲻ˣҪ˵䶾/Ʒˡ

ƽʱ˽£ʵѾմȾЩͨϵͳķǹĵζһ֡

һѺʼѧУ

һθĵݣؼҺԼ˫֣Īֻòͣؽַŵˮܻ

ǽأϺҲ

̫ˣøϽȥҽԺ

鼱֮£ûüԼϵı仯

ҽԺһ·ϲ˵Ŀⶼеϡ˼ֵĻʿģʶغ

ʿɫְҵǸ˼飬ܿͳˡ

ãĳΪжһֲϲеģҪ֪нӴʲôֲֵ

ֲûûа

˼ʱҵλǽӵһǵĵ顣

ͻȻʲôǾƾʲôԵ޹ʵң

һľ죬ֻǰͷ򿪣쵽ǰ

Լ

ݴչȥһȻǾ񣬵ƷͶ÷ϵ֣һ۾ܿ

ϿĿ˵

ûа٣ǱݺģݺҵѽǸݡǸ˰

һۣѹȥˡ

յ˾ֵĵ绰ȥһ¼

ֹ˼죬ֻϿ͵ţ

ĳΪ/Ͳ䶾/Ʒץ񡣡

ȥһ£ֶԷȻڼм˵ɡѾչȫλĵ顣

ûȥܡ

ҲһֱѧУϿΡвԳɼҲøԱ

ºϷɫĳƬˣȥ쳣Ư

ͬʱҲע⵽һѾ˸ݡ

֮£Ƶۡ

ʲôֵ

³ҩɫģĸ

ָ·@ճС磬ע

˼ҳɣҳ˯ž

Ҫɫ

ȻôʱûЩɢɢ㶼쳣ĳʣά˲Сȶȡ

ڲٷ˿·ˣϲΪߵĽģ

˾ǱյһԼǵڵһֱġ

ûƷ£˾Ҳ̫ô棬ϾǻӰԺķչģԻʱѹһѹ

һ磬ʳóԷʱͻȻӵǸյĵ绰

ι뵽𣿡

Լճĳɼظ

ԣй𣿡

ǣǹڻҰ顣ܡҪȥμϰһ֡

ĿôҪ𣿻ҪϰԳ档⡣

ӡϰļعʵҵȦҲİͶʡôĿĽܣ

ڵҲЩ⣬ˮڡ

Ƿʲôʱ򣿡ʡ

󡣡

һʱ䣬ӦӦ

ã

ƱԱ˼٣˻ȥ

ǸȺʱ˽ϳ󣬷Ը˲ľƾҪעһһͷ

ص˾ϢһϣڶʼƵϡ

һƵ꣬Ŀͱµװ޸ˣĽ϶Ƿǳټ̴ľ

˶㣬ڹԱĴ£ƿ˰š

ڻûˣ˸Ͻλ£صˡ

ûã˵˵ЦЦ˽æ΢΢Ϲ

Ŷ˾Ǳϼһ죬ˣɣ

һԲˣ֡

ãܸʶ㡣

š´һ˵

ܣǹ˾дǱ

Ǿͽļˡ

ԭǸ˾Լϰ壬ű߼ʵش˶Էһۡ

վŸʹк

˶Ų¡

ʱڴ졣ȫ΢Цʲôʹʲô

֪ôģװɵ㶻תƻ⡣

ϲ˵ٶȺܿ죬˼ƣ⣬һҲûС

ǵ΢ܹЦ

СӲЩƻûһǽܿõˡ

ǰɣ֪ǼΪʲô𣿡ܷ¾Ʊһ߳Բˣ۾ûһ¡

š˵ǹڡҰ2顭ҲǺ

ܣĿҪġ

 һյҪϰԸԼҪ

³

ܽĻ˲оˡ




65.  Ǯķ      ڣǡ

, ϣŶԷĻ

˾Ҫһʿɵֽ֮ǰǷһ飬ҪһϽĿ

˼ȥ, 㿴ͬ

꽪ܵĻ, ùͬ, ϸ

ԽԽװ׵дkinoţԼμӡҰ2

ŵ˾ǧ, ˾ֳɺ˰

ĵѾһ²⣬ʣ

ͬ񡭡˾֮ǰ˵ķֳɲͬ

˰ϵģ˽³kinoʣµǧٸ򡣡˵

Ҳ˵Լʵܵõǧ, ͬһ㡣

ԭԼϴǮˡ

νϴǮǽϲ̨ĺǮ, ͨ˵ֶ, 񣬷ŵ, Ϊ, Ǯ

мˣkino˾Լѡ׬ǧʵ˽ټһǧ߰ǮֱӸֽ, еˮ

൱ʵǧ򣬰˰ϵǮǧ߰ǲ˵ֽ

һǧ˵, Ҳϴ˽µǧǮ

ȻϲǮҲ֪ôΥġԼ㲻ץȥȷһҲñҵ

һȺǵǽҲǣܾҲǡ

ĬһǵͷӦ

ʶȤڳ˶Ц׷׳˾Ʊ

νǽһɽϴǮʽȥ˾׬ʵϣЩԼĺڲַͨʽתƸˡ

ڵλϵֲòҪ󡣽Ժ󣬿׬ˣʵĵıزŵ顣

һǶ˺ЩͶһϵˡ

ԺԷԼʲôֵҪǧֽ߰𣬿ɾͳԼʵʵڵİѱ

ǩͬڻȥ·ϣʹĳԷڸʻϣתͷ˼䣺

ôôƣϰ𣿡

ûʲôоС

¡ʱԼ취ɣĸɾ㣬ҪѧӦȦ淨򡣡

š

һ·ϣ˾û˵ˡ

ص˾ڴϣҵĺܡһֱ賿㣬ĥǧ߰ôŪ

һθܵԭǮ̫ҲǼ¡

ʱϵͳΥ

䲼ȻϬţȼBǷܡ

ܡ

ôʱûзˣʱֶ࣬ϵͳĴˡ

ۣԼ֣˵צӡȮƶצӣ泤˾Ө͸İë

Сڱʲô

һֻҰİ׻ꡣ

ڵʱ͵صأʡ

ΪԪ1635ң䣬شƵʡѾͣա



Ϭţһֱ֣ӡϬֳƴϬצϬֳСϬϬֳ˫Ϭ

ʷϣΪԭ򣬻ĻձȽůʪַࡣ

Ϭţ͹㷺ֲڶǣѧƲ⣬ʱڣϬţ㼣ﵽɹһ

ϾĶǧǰɽ¶ȿ֪

ΪԭʡԥʡǴĻΧ˵ԥ־ǴӴ˶

ʡǶַҲһٶ޴ĻĴؿν

˵Сһ쳾Ц֪֦֦Ҳ˵Դ

仯ȺǳƵʱʱ̶̿ڲ

ϵĶʡһڹʫŸָĶоϬţ

ȻҲΪָϬţֵ״ˮţ紫˵̫ϾĴýȦյǸ֣ˮţ

ҪһǣĹĺ֣ǱġӦˮţŶԣϾϬţ߳ǡ

һЩѧ֤ӦþһѾĴˮţ

ϬţҲٵͭ籦սͭϬţΩΩФ˵ĹŴԭֵûϬţš

ǵı仯ô޳ҲһѾǲ׺ɣ

ʱڣϬţ㼣ܴﵽɹںһ˴ʱڣϬţĻΧܾ͵μϵ

˺ԭѾûϬţˡ

ƳϬţ桢𡢹󡢴ᡢзֲ

ʱڣֻʣµᡢʡзֲˡ

峯ֻʣƵʡˡ

ⲻ򵥷ԭȻɷϣҪԭ򡣿һԭҲ൱Ӱ죬ǾֱӲɱ

ڹŴϬţϧĵ桢ҩġ

ϬţƤϺõƤԭϣףְܱ겻ãһͻϬסΪһĽ㣬ͨǽ˧еĿס

֮ϬţֱȽϱҲ̫ĶڹŴϬţһǳΣյ顣

в챦ĶȻΧɱ

ŽıϬţ˵ȫجΡϽɱ֮£ϬţڻĴʧˡ

ȻһЩֲɻȴʧȥһҰ֡

Ϭţʱڣ

1916꣬һͷ˫ϬŴϬɱ

1920꣬һͷϬӡϬɱ

1922꣬һͷСϬצϬɱ

ʮ䣬ɱ10ͷҡʮͷƾǷֲڻϬţˡ

Сһεʲô

򣬷гա

ȻǷ

һУٶ ޴()ֳǿʴҺٻճҺ֯г

ܹʮһ

һγķг򣬶˵νǸıʽ

ƿȨҪԲԶ

һʱ̫Ҳֻѡ߸򡣡

ѡ񡭡ֳǿʴҺٺͷг߸

֮ûѡٶճҺҪһԭ򣬾Ƿпȡһ֣ճҺԶ˵ãɶЧʹۿˡ

ֳȻ죬ֶǶȵĸо̫˾ˡ

һȫĵطл졣 Сѵ

Сؿʼּ䴩ϵĵΪƹԭɽƱȽϸ᫡

ͬе͵Ŀ˹صòŲٵܶ

ĩɽﻹзǳ࣬ɱԼͷ׺Ķŵ޺ܡ֫ҰţԼӡ֧

ͷ׺͵Ƿǳ۵ĴˣҲ֪ôƽġ

ûãҵһѨڶ̽ͷƬ̡˰ҲûᵽζС˽ȥ

ڳȥ̷Ĺƾҹһ񹤵ľ޴ܶǰ

紺ʯԼԶĵ°ӣʵһ츣ء

ĵһĵطʼ졣

ԼϹȻһ԰ɫĴ

ԣͷһ

Ȼë׵Ĵβʹں棡

С⡭ôβͣ

Σڷгװǰؼ ǰϵͳʣ˸βͣάַʱƽ⡣

ŶԭˣԼС˵֡

һԼβ׳ȥˡԭǸڣѾԼһͷС

Ҫ漣俪ھˡ

צӵʯϣȻһƬʯͷצӵĥҲԶ׼ġ

˼һ£β;ʯͷʼҶ

β紸һ𾢵ʱϵͳľ

棬棬ϵͳ⣬ıɽṹ̮ķա

㲻˵æʯͷŴһĶڣͷϧѡ

ôȥ

ŶһȦûҵʵĵطڡ

Ŀ˶Ѩĵ°ӡ

źڹ¡˵ĵ°ӣ֪ͨδ·һֻħͣصŵȻɡ

˼ȥˮ·ҲˡϾһȥˣʱҲڣɾ͵ñͷ

Ȼһԭ򣬾ܱİ֮Щµġ

Сʱ

ѵԼñȥ˲ɣ

ԣ⡣

Ŷ˿˿ƵĽɫߣ̧ͷȥ

ҵˣ




66.  ʷֻ    ѨĶϣ⡭

ѨĶ, ⱻиʮƽߣʱһƶ

ͨʯڵķ䣬Ѩֶǰɫʯࡣ

̧ͷȥ, һ޴Ķ, ΪӲƵ, ֮ǰǡҹһֱûзͷиڡ

ɫ͸ֲܲй, γһ澰

׼λãǿĳ򣬳ɹϰա



ţţȵȰ

, 㣡

͵ɽּ䣬һһ¡

ſڲԶһžʯ, ؿǡ

˵ŷοȥ, 塣ֶŵĽΣΡֻ·ɫ, 򵥵Ĵ, ǾԲǺ塣

Լתŷԭˡ

һ˱һᣬҪɽҰ˺Ͳҩ

ާˣСк˷ܵ˵

û뵽ʱ, ާû˲ɵ

ֹһ ҷ飡

ģ

Ȼڲ۵ĲݴУһߴĲС

ү˺ܶҰ˺Ͳҩ, Ǵһ·ʱԶϡһӰСкע⡣

үү쿴ʲô

Ƴһۣ󾪵

֥ôһ֥

֥ϣôժ

 ģа취

˵˴ӱ¨ͳһʼԼ

кɽһ̽ͷʵŵ͵˻ܹס˵Ĵȣսսص

ǲժ֥˰ɣȥģ

ϵӵĶһ£ɼſۡӰˣͣСкķ˵

ӣֻҪ֥ժٸկҪ˰ܴܵһˡԡ

ؽʯͷ˦һ̶úһʼ

¾£ʯͷɵķ·ѵ顣

ֻ֥Ҫһ֮ңʱ곱ʪ±ڳ̦˸ոץ֥һ׹ȥ

ҿʵסһֻ֥᲻÷ſǸ˫Уӵ֦ȴ֪ʲôԭ򣬷ʡ

֦һϿ˵ֽŲͣȥʸʪ±ڣǸûĵط

ھУѸµȥ



˶Ϊʱԭ׹ȴͣڰС

ӵĶˣ·һקţһ˰ȫĵطһֱʱ˿̣˵ɽ֥

˶֪ʲôͻȻһӰǹǺꡣͨѩףһ˫ɫᣬ׹ë׵Ĵβͣһ˫ۺɫ۾ͬǶűʯһ㡣

˳ճɵɵؿƬ̣ԺͻȻһ

ˣ

ɴˣǵģСˡ

֪Ϭţ𣿡

ϬţС֪֪ʮɽ˵Ϭţ

ʲô

С˵Զ;۵ĳ͢ǧʱ֯ʿϬ

á

䣬ƾʧˡ

˺Сһֱԭأ˼ӣȷֻ׺Ѿʧվ

Скʵ

ΪʲôҪᵽ͢Ϭ

ɽϵģǿ϶ǵɡŰǵð˵ʲô

ǵã˵͢ǻˣ˶صĻһ

ǰ̾˵Сʱסںʡ͹ݽӴзǳƯկҲаСʱ顣

˻һתҧгǣЩ˹Աפ󣬶ǵأפӡǨ˺຺ܶˣ˽ΣЩԱΪǮμۺũ˰

ǱǵأȻǾ췴ˡ

֮󣬰СկӣԼļկӣ͢ľӹˡûһܻĹŮץˣҲûš

СʱЩ飬ֻô˵ץȥ˾ǣ̫ࡣ̫˳ŻӵƵʡôһֱûǡ

ʲô̫ࣿСкʡ

̫࡭ûСкӡ

ҲҪҪҵССке

úúãͰӸ͢С

Ǻأ



һһٵԽԽСҲԽԽԶ

ԭڡɡʧԭأ֣ʵû뿪ȫĶԻ

ϡǵãʷϣԭԪϽ˾ƶϣƶȡ

ǻĹŴʳһĶĹ

վзǳı׶ˣԭΪʷ⣬ĹĵһЩԵƶ֮ء

˾ƶģɳ͢ΪߡƶȾԪڴﵽ۷塣һֱӺʱڣױȡ

ҪʿԼ֣ԼԭٵصìܸӼ

Ԫ塢塢Ϊ;ҡ

ʱΪƶͬʱڣԼ˿ǣ͢ʵ֡ҵǨЩط塰ʮһСʮһ󷴡

Ҳɡҵһֱѹҵ·ϡ

ǴкڿʼģΪʱͳѾʶ֮ǰƶȶܳ׸ңֱǲԱȡ

ѧڱڹɼ̵Сд֣һˣ˵˵ӵ

˶ܵ˵ı

ĳɹɼǿġ

Գɵũɽء

غʮϽɹžչıĺ˾ӣŲʮˣȴ¡

˾СӼ͵ĳ׵߸ڸķ˿ڸ٣ܵӰֻ

ף뼯ȨĵƵı׶һ˥ڵһڵ塣

һʼΪؤԪ谴½ɽ󣬽طָˣرʹ޹Ա̰ۺҡƶأϣŪһˮš

ν֪ʮѩ˵ô˲أ

ȻԴЩˣͻεİסԼȨͽǮȻﴫȥԴǸѩһԽԽȨı˽ɲʲôϡ¡

ѧѧɲȻһЩ뵳뽱ѧҪ˵ŴĹԱˡ

һǶûʵĴͬʱԶû㹻棬Щвܵˣмأû˻һûʲôʵĻⱾϾһ޽⡣

ĸֽСؼ沢

ָڹŴᣬһЩݣͨѹͼ۸ũأũؾ͵öԲò

һһһؾͼеЩСνʿũ̵ũָЩ𣬿ɲЩûصƶũ

ǲͳĶ

ЩʧȥصũֻΪūΪũ͵ũ߶Ϣ

ҲΪʲôÿĩڣ׼ìȡһìܡ

ڲĽ׼ìܣѾһٽ㡣

ܶౣʵûʶұµһңǸĵ

һҪԭ򣬳ڵĽ׼̻ᵼµײձøӵġ

һ۹ձýǮȨϣŬܸı˵ʱ򡣾֤ڲ֪У׼̻Ѿﵽһ߶ˡ

һ˼ǾӵоԴĴ󲿷ָˣʵûġΪ˵ʧȥĶ̫ࡣ

²ˣӰԼҲһݵͬǺ֡

ʵ

СìܣҿԲ𣿡

ԣĹΪھصĹңָʷʱձҪ֣Ҳ벻Ӱ򡣡

ðɣ⡣ֹס˲뷨ͷʾ⡣

ʮ⣬֮ཨڶɽկӡ

ӺڼϬţֻ̫á

죡ǼϽȥұס

ϣһ֧ʿΧһͷϬţϬţȥֻǳ壬һЩƤĵطѾ˲˿ڡ

ˣÿûͷǣסˣ

еֻǸͳ˻北׼ϬţԴæȥ




67.  ĩ֮      ƱȽƽ̹ġ

ƱȽƽ̹, ʮʿֳСӡһǣһӣͬκһ㣬εع̶סλλõϬţ

ǧһ֮ʣŻ掠ľٸո׼, ȴֻǰһַ, еĻ量Ͳ, ڿϳڡ

ϬţͻȻ׷׶ѣһӶʿ, ͬŵһ

Ϭţæϵȥ

ȥ׷ȥ׷ۿŵֵϬţҪˣæߴٵ

ǿҪ֪ϬţƤ׸ǧ, ҪϬײûд룬ʱǿɶҪԲ˶ߡ

ʿһ⻰, ոշĹһĻæ֯, Ϭţܵĵط׷ȥ

еһҵ˵Ϭţ

ŶҲݴϬţ

С, ưɣ

, ԼƲչܡ

ˣԼѾϵͳĵȨ

ƲչܿĵϬţⷭ˿ڿʼϡ

ΪϬţƤ̫, ʿǶǹƤ֮ͷϬţһֻ۾챻Ѫˡ

СڱʹЩȨ𣿡

, ֻҪ̫Լ̫ӰС

֮ʱԶʿ޵

죬ѪǱȥˣ

׼ãܲԶ

ವվܣ˼Ϊɽ֣ķνǴơƾ޴Լʹ̫÷ɣԸЩ˻ǹ˵ġ

Ǵ㾯һЩˣϾҲ˶

ͬһʱ䣬ѰʿԺжһ

˴˴ɽ񣬲̼¾ĩ֮ףλĪΪ̰Ī˺顣

һʱ䣬˶סˣȫ۵Сۡ

𣿡

Ҳˡ

⡭

ĹŴĹ֮˵൱̵ģͻȻôɽ񣬻˵ôһ˵ʲôĩա

ʱҶ֪ôˣֻͣѲ飬˻ȥСٱš

ԭ󷽵С٣ʿת󣬳Ƭ̣

˶лɣͷͲùˡ

Ϭס

ȥȥôϻ

ײʿûϢԴҶֵҲࡣСپӴߵĹԱе·ġ

Īֵɽ񻰣ŵʮǰԼЩʿһ˵ȥƶ塣

˴治Ļʹɽ֮ڣƳ͢ľӶɽƽˡϾϿӣɽܴӣ

µľƣҲ֪㶫ģݡŮ滢ɶҲʧˣı߽һֱڳǸ

䣬ʳգѾڳ͢⽻

Ϸ̹ᣬ㸻ˣȴΥط˰նղˡ

ʮ֮ǰи˻κƣܸӲݣڳ͢ѹѣԼҲóʱûзǮˡ

ԼСʲôϵֻܱС

ɽһ¡͵ûз롣

ʿǱٻˡ

Ϭţϵ˿һܿ͸ûһ

һͷǳϬţһβͲˣӦ֮ǰ˿ˡ

ϬţȽϲܲ

ȻҲпǲôǷǳŭĶԷǳǿ

Ժͽβɣ

壬һֻ޴İ׺ڶβǰĺצӸŶβĽǡ

ʱ䣬ŶβϣܰԼҵǵȺϾïɭʵǲ³

ľ裬Ϭţʱͬ롣

ڶβСӻǿףܿ½½ط˲Ϭţ

ôһֻĶﶼɭصýʵʵֻ˵һĻǳԭʼϷɽɽͷ˼ңزסʲôҰޡ

ҵЩϬţǲûеһʱ뿪ѡǼµʱ䣬ǶһձĻ򣬲ϵͳнϸļ¼

⣬Ҳϵͳ﷢һλܡֱӾڶβϰװһƬ

һͿʱע⵽ߵһϬ֣ܵһʱ֪ϻæ

ĵ뿪ˡһ죬ѰһϬţȺʱͻȻ֣ɽŨ̹ɽͬһϯ֡

ɽҰޣܵľͱԵˡ

֮УֻжĿ޺Ҳ˷

֮£ڻȦһ޴կ˿ҲѾưܲ

ߵǸݶϣ淢һС

һ壬˰գ˹͢٣׳жһŮ׶Ϊū

һ׵˶ԱѺķ²С

ʱŵһȥͱȽϴеλĳԷŭĿӣ

⹷١ȡ

û˵꣬һ崺ͻĺ

һ浹ɱѪڻҫ¸ӹ졣

ŮӺСǺ«һһһˡ

ˣ©֮ɽȥˡ

С¾Ͳˣȥɾɡ

ǡ

룬Ҳŷȥ

ںɽûб沨ĵطƾſơȻˣʶʱǲҩz

Ǹ˴ʱѾǸһıѪֹڵأѾΣˡ

ǿҪ׷ˡ

Скſǻ

ţסĻһҪȥ

Իû꣬

ͻȻǰһڣûʶ

ӺڰֵڵϵˣԼԶŻѶ׷ͷˡ

ҹŵͿշУû̫ע⵽

⸽ȫȥԼлʯѨˣȥɡ

ѨΪûֲֳ
˵ʲôɵ˷˽ȥ

˴˿ںֶƲһǣſϢ

СʱͷӱϾǳˣѵıСӿ죬һ۱㿴ˡ׺ɡ

ϼ֣˶ӣ˾Ȼֻʣһ̺ۣôףæ¸ͷ

лɵĴ֮

ʣկô£Ϊʲôôٱ

ɫҰܣ

ǰɺɴȣŵԻһϡ֥ԭԭأ֥ȥͻկӵһ˰ġ

ǧб˽ң˽Ͻ֥Ҫʱڼ˰գ˵ʲô߽͢ʿ衣

û취ΪпڳԵģܻǾʹ˰˰١ͱҵˡء

ԭˡС

˿Ƭ̣Ĩһᣬ

֪ɴ˿ɷҿկôˡ

ɽͷȷܼǸկ

ָָǸڵ

ôӦÿԳȥ

лɡ

ͷ˳ȥβе㲻Ծڻ淢Լɡ

˵Լǡ֮˿˻ˡ

ֵƬ̣ûмòĴӶɳ۲һĿͣһطͷһ¡

ˣ




68.     Ѩ治Զп㡭

Ѩ治Զп¶ľʯ, ȥͿԿΧԶľۡ

ͺͺɫҿϣɫѪҺʽʯУͷҰݡͷʬͰ棬ѾûϢ

ʬԱ, ŶԷѾĺ, Լʬذס

ǼѪζ, ûзĺۼ

ɱ

Ϊʲôأ

ԶɽկɽֻһƬнʣĶϱԫ, ƺʲô

ʬ壬ڸ˸ӣͷˣֵҰǰٳͷѹһʯ

, ΪʲôһˣҪɱ, ֪֮ǰͲ, ˷С

СͻȻûлظʲôֱķɻضѨС

СкѾ, 㶵ؿǰĴ׺, ֪кæ񣺡лɴ˾֮

šӦһ֡

СкܣСʵ

ɴˣҰأ

ˡ˵

ء, Ҫ

СӺޣһͷ󡣺һħƶ

ɴ಻, ǲ󣬿ԽԽС

Сӳؿʵ

ɴˣʡҰ

棬ǸڿԳȥһξͿԷˡ

Сʱк˽۾ģȴ쳣ᶨǰ˵

ɴұ¡

նش ҲͽܣҲûʲô¿Դ㡣Ҫ£Ҫ߾ߣҲ㡣

㲻ɽ𣿡

ɽҲܵģ˵ûչǵĹӣ˲󼺡

ҵúܣһʱɡ˵꣬תˡ

Σкû˵

ûзߣֻˣСкӵȻڣժһЩҰӵн⡣

СһСǲο⸽ûʲôޡ

ҲͷĵˣҵϬţԽԽࡣڹ󡢵ʡ֮Ҳ֣ڵϬţǧͷһ㡣

Ҳ˵ϬţȺϣģĳһ찲װڶβϵļˡ

ԭǼһﲻСĲȽ˵Уȸˡٷȥ˾ţ֮

ڲԶĵطһͷеĸϬţǸͷͷϬţرע

ϬţֲĵطһѲߣڰϻ˶ѨѾϰСк˫ల¡

֪ԷǴŪĹư裬طʳ

ҪɽˡкͻȻ˵

ȥ𣿡

֪ȥͶկкʼʰллӵˡ

ûССӰʧɽּ䡣

룬ǲĵĸȥһֱк˹ٵת뿪

ͷ˿ܶţëϣ˰ɡ

ҹſھʯϣűաһǶûУɵһƬϮҶɳɳ졣

ǵãʷдģʱԳɵũҵľѾҸͶ˺üꡣ

ͻȻվȻƮëѩӨѩƤëϡһ룺ﶼѾѩ֪İôˣ˻ġ

ˣȻϬţ

ʼѩˣϬţô죿

תϷ룺ǸϵϷ

Լ֪Щطʲʺ棬ⶬ;Ǩ㣬ЩϬţɲһܵˡ

ͻȻһ֣ˣ

ǵ֮ǰɽ£Լ˲ٵܶռǳĴ󣬶ҲӦÿЩϬţѡ

žͿʼж

ҵϬţԺ󣬷Ƕںһȡů˲ٵİ취ûǹԹ

ֻϵͳ

Сûʲô취Ǹҽܶ

ˣԼҿ

壬һĺ˶ԣתУ沶׽С

ڣڿλãҵһõĵߡ

ˡ

ϬţĶģԼϡͬ׳һ㷢âڿնһȺϬţ

Ǵѩɽû˴ӸԶĵطһĻ

˼Ϭţ˶Ѩһ£һʮͷ

еæβأôˣ

ðѩȥңѩԽԽ裬ϵͳ̽⹦£ҵ˶βλá

׼꣬䵽˵ϡ

ôûп ܣûзжβǼһӰСϵͳܳ𣿡

ܣϵͳʾ

ǡڽ!

ܵصŲһæ

һԭǶβǼһԼֻ¶һǺǿ׳

һô?

ŵζβ湰˳ȻķɿǷǳˡ

һͦҲʡϵͳԼͿշУҲ͸Լܡ

ܺĵطˣԵĶһҪ⡣

ڸϵĵطũȥ͵һЩɵݡ

ûõ̫࣬Ͼũ˵ҲõġڹŴܶ˼ҵĴĶǵݡеرģõӡ

ݼ򵥱֯һ磬βϣȥϡ

編ƽطϬţҲȹ졣

һҲޣһЩطϬţˣȺǱ

һЩƫƧĵһЩϬţҴ棬һεĽҲǶȹˡ

춷ʮ꣬ϬţȺɱ

ϬţǱȽϳģβŸ׳꣬ʮԻ˵һǳ֡

һ죬ԼĶϢͻȻ˵Ǹӡ

ɴˣ˵Ѿ뾩ǣʵúɽˣҲɽأѾˡ

ɴˣѾկ֯һ飬ҲҪһ

˵꣬Ǹһƣߵͷɽȥˡ

ŶԷȥ»ȥ׼Ϣ

Σ˲ϬλΪ

˸Զȥ

·Χʱ־ȻһȺڲϬţ
Ⱥ٣ΨһĹͬȫڡƼݣ˼һǸɿݵ֦ӱڻСӡ

ΧϬţеҲŮģûʲôֻмìڼ˵
ԱߵŮ˺ͰСеľеʯ顣

жð̹⣬ͬճĶǡ

СھͷϬţ㲻㺦Щ?

ϵͳĹز㡣

Ǻðɡȥе

ס֣ͣ°ɡȺԺ

˭?ͷǸ־־壬 ĸ?

Ǵ˵صɽֻǲٲϬţҾ͸ʳ 

ͷһڣ ޣʲôɽǴӱձʱôЩڶҪˣóԶˡ

ѾڱıԵܡ

ͻȻһֻ޴İ׺ųβ͵Ĺӣŵ˶˼

ֻȺǵ߳һ̫̫ĹȣΡΡع˵ϣ˫ֺʮ

ϢŭСڲԣʵǶ˲ŲͷϬţģǺɵ£ߣߡ

 һȡ

֪ɻʲôԸ?̫̫ɵ

ʳȻȡ

˵꣬תͷϬţͷг˲졣и˹

ӺĿ֮£Ϭţ˿

һӣûɵݡ

Ϭţӣ˵

ԺƬ̣ȥȥͻء

ɵһɽկϿգֱֿȥ

ЩĽƱĿһԵʳסӡ󶹡и⣬

ҡڵߵסĵطһŴ󱻵װһʳ

ɽȷ򣬱ܿ˶ĿԶͿշȥ

ڿ˼Ȧȷû˸صߡ

ǻûпԶԶؿԭǸط̳һƬҡ

һƣȻһͽ׷ЩһȺ̼ôܵùǿ׳ķͽ

ȵǣȺǼϬţˣں棬æֵܡ

˲ôˣֱһʳ˾𵶷ķס

ԭҪɱǰ̫̫ķףֻһʲôԼ˹صһ£һʱҵðǣͷͣѪ¡

׵סƵĹȡ̵Ķɫ⡣ȫŮɢһһء

׵ڵأʡ¡

ķͽûŪô£ֻ֪һ󼲷Ķ˶ڵأȱ첲Ƕȡ˶ҵЩ㹻Ǻһ



ܶˣŵϵܵ÷ɿ졣

ûȥ׷ǣֻǵɻ˲ٵĵһѻ率

ˣɽˣǵˣӴǾ͹ʹˡ֮ǰǸͷӣȭǰ

лɽ֮ļǹߺ

һ£

Ǹɣ

Щʳ

Щһģˣ

ǿʰʳɡ




69.        ɽˣ

ɽ, Ҫȥ

ڿ ŵǸʵ

쵽ˣǰǡ

֮ǰΪϬţұܺصʱ, һɽˮĺõط

һɽ, ڲһƬ֮, ܶǸɽƣмܲڣȥͨ

ǰ濪·, 赲ֲȫ

˵ƶһƯɽȳҰ

ȥһƬдУɽмһȦһȦأԼдССʮˮءˮ峺, Ϻõˮ׺С

ҫĿǳˮײȻɫ죬ͬһ޴ĵɫ̡ΨвԵĳ, ǳεȺ֤лˮעĳ档

ܵĸɽɡء骵ľ, ŴƬƬ֡

˵۾ɴˣ̾

ɾɣ

 Ժסĵطˡ

ס

š

ɴ˵֮Ϊ˵, ֹ 

, ˣԺǾͲùˡɣ˵ꡣ

ǰʼװŪĵ˵

ǲûʲôҪġҵõʱ, ܹһλϬţѵĶ

֮ǰ˵չæʱϣܰæչһ

, ˵ɴ˷ģǶ߾ȫ

ãһʱҾͰϬţǨȳԵ㶫ɡ

һʱ䣬˼ļ񣬴Ĵ

ΪսһߣԲǲõˡûйô죿

ڴҳûйһСŮ֣ӹĹҵıͳһ˵С

֪˶ǣʵʵıһ١

һ£½½ϬţǣӸܶ˳ɽȡ

Ϭţĸϰɣͬʱβ䵱ʱϬţͳ죬ЩҰޡ

ϬţƢȽϲЩϬţǽӴĵһʱ䣬ײ߹ǡȹǵˣȱȽǡ

ֻĥˡϾϬţ˵ЩԼĲʳߣʱǺƽǲ̫ˡ

ºջʩһϵƲ

ʱϬţѾЩ

̶̵ļ£ɽѾ˷츲صı仯

ԭǻĲ뾣ĵطѳ˲ũȻûţ䵱ͶǶβͷ˵Ϭţ䵱صҪ

˱Ƚ٣ʱʱһЩΪս뼢ɽе˿ڡ

ɽѾ˲éݣȻйϬţţòϣ˶ȻĸǾ˵ġ

ɽһܶһʼûиʱǾסܶͷ

ܶѾϬţľסˣΪ˷ֹط̫խôܶͨһʱ䣬ɽȱӵ˿ɴϬţĵط

ȻϬţΪҪģʽϬţʧȥҰԣһ취

ĴǴϬţУѡһѱģȻҰʵ𡣽ϳɽȣϾлûϬţȺ

һһķʽеĴèء

һȱ֤ϬţȺȶҲ֤ϬţҰǱųȥģѱ֡˵ϬţɲǣȻֱꡣ

ģʽӦǿǿάȥġ

ļ֪꣬ǲΪɽﳣϬţֻطϬţвΪ˶ܣɽΧֳΪϬţֲܼĵ

ģʽһֱĵϬţȺȻû½Ҳû˵ɲʲôϢϾԼ뿪һ졣

һԼ뿪Ժ峯ʵʩ̯Ķߣ˿ǵڡϵسϬţǵΣˡ

ο滹йڵĿ顣

ɱϬţΪŶԡ

ҪôֹɱϬţأ

ڷǵ֮飬һ˵ԹꡣԴԺǴɱ꣬ù

֮ǴǣֱֹҰζ 

Сϵͳ࣬ϬţĲϸ𣿡

һ㣬ܾǵڶϬţĴڽΪηȥ

Լһ£Ѿ⿪ˡ

á

ϵͳ˴죬ҵһֺʵĲ

ֲеHIVֻѪϸ֮Ув

ĴȾȴǿHIVͨƤë塣ԼϬţ֮Ĳ鶯ڣֻá

˵ǣһȾͻƻϵͳⷽûHIVǿɻᵼ¸Ⱦಡ˥ߡ

̫ˣСôרĲ

Щǰռģ㹥٤õġûϣ͸ˡ

ðɣˣˡ᲻죿

һˣ

ģѾʧȥĿˡ

ҵƷÿһͷϬţעֲ

ȻɽϬţҲûзŹ

ЧͼӰüɱϬţزˡԺ󣬾ȻϬţжĴţϬ׵ĽҲС

һʱȻûٸҲɱϬţˣϴɽϬţͷҰϬţѧһҵطϬţȺҲڻС

ԼãҲʧ١

֪˶꣬ɽѾˡǸҲ˴ӵˣ˶Ѿ˹š

ΪϬţ򽻵³ˣѾϬţԼһ֡

ǹź񣬴һȽĻżȹһ¶ȥϬţսӳ֣Ҳû˸Ҵǵ⡣

鷢չڣҲһ죬ԼǸѨϢͻȻоˡ

˳ȥһ磬ձñˣŴ

ŶԷᳵ·ӣѾǵһˡ

ĵظŶԷֻԷߵ֮ǰǸͷĵطͨһ

ͷϵñժˣ¶˹ͺͺԴ׹һϸıӡ

˽⿪磬¶·ǰ棬·ЩϤԭĽѾ˳ֽ

ʱѾ귢׷ˡ

ɴˣˣЩһ뱲Ӷ϶ȹˡ

ԴʮǰƵʡС͢һʵƱ֮ҲĻ

˵ʵ䲼귢ʱȥġǵڲϣҾˡǺǺǺǡ

˵˵ţЦһ

ԭΪԼһˡҲŷ֣ԼҲֻһ˰ˣ޶ӣҴûп͸Ҳ᲻á

Ϊʲôء

ǾþõľĬ

ˣһˣ´ξܵظˡ 

˵ţ˴룬ʧɽּ䡣

һ·ɽ£ӰннԶ

һ

ΣBȻϬţɣɳ̶AǷع鱾磿

ǡ

ˡ




70.  Ұʼ     ҹˣ

ҹ, Ӵۣʮļ䴢󣬹һʶع顣

ڴ, Դ, ˵

ܻɡ

ĻѾ, עա

㿪壬ֱΪһ, ߶ǿ

߶ʲôԼѾһ𣿡

ʣ㿪˽һ¡һ£ԭˣǻԼ붾

ǶǰʮĶ, һ磬Ƿֵŵ»߳, 綾߶ǰС

лʱ, ֻһ顣

ڶ𴲺ߵǰˢʱ, ⳤ, ֻĵƹ˿ǻ

ƺ鼡Ե˶һ£һ˫ݣĹ״ͽݳš

ڲõʱ, ˫ͬʵذһ۵İ֮Уȥûʲô

һ, ļ⣬ĶҺһεεص

ߵĶسɷҪ񾭶ǳɺ˥߶

е˵ҧ˸ûʲôʹ࣬˯˯žȥˡˣķԾ

ʵЩŸܶϣΪ񾭶ػ´Բſȥġ

߶ᵼѣͷζģ֫ʱֻǸûжһ

¸ܰ

һЩ˵ߵԸᣬʵϣȻ磬ڰɫĶûмǡġ

磺һʳݶﶼҪ èΪȴӪ͵ΪʳƽͷǲĶһ磻ţèèйʿ棻͸˵ˡ

ҲǷǳеĴڣ֡ȡߡƽʱС£ɾʱ䲻ҧһڣǳġա

ΪӦ๹죬ߵĶԭںڱϵͳ˹״עơ

ڶһעĶҺȻ״̬µߣҪ࣬Լӿ춾ʱ䡣

ڻģȻߣȴ۾ߡ

Ҫһԭ򣬾۾ߺһ㶾߲ͬѡ֣жιעĶҺӿܺߵ

ĵԼҧһˣȻƲý˿ȥԼǡ֪һıɱ?

סҡҡͷԼʲôأ

ʱڴͷϵֻ

ˢ߹ȥֻ

ι硣

ĿǱ׼ǰһں¼ƣǵúѧУ١

õġ

Ҷϵ绰ǧ߰ͷۣʱ취ЩǮ 

Ұ2¼ĽĿһε¼صһȴĺϡ

ǰѧУ˼٣ǸյĴ£˷ɻ

ɻصĵطһȴҵĸۿڳУڻӻĽĿ鹤Ա

ڳһ󣬳ͧǰԶĻĵ

Ϊȴ߳ڶࡣΪ˼αİȫĿ˼λеҽ׼һЩ߶ѪҩԱʱ֮衣

ͧ

ǵһǵļαĿѾ˲Զĵط

һȺӭȻͷ

ű־΢Ц΢΢һǫģ

ûһαȦһ»С⣬һѡǲһĿ

ԷģȽ㣬Ըܺ֡

λһƵԱաһЩŮǣ޹ҵģԳʮһֱûʲôŮľ籾

ȻáҡȴȦеģӪŵŮԱݼǳߣǰøոյһŮ䡣

ʮɱͬʮꡣ

λһŮǸˣְҵǳʦǮ

λг̷һλдǳڴǰһֱӲԾӡ

ǰʱ䣬ΪС۶Ȧ»һѡ

λƺĹϣҪ

λʶˣ֮ǰѡĿĵʦ̳ǳ

ǵ˳Ŀûþͷķ粨˴꣬û뵽һͽ˻Ұһѹļα

αѾˣ뵽֮ǰڡҰ˵ģȴֻһˡ

ӭǵġҰ2뵽λαһεĽĿأǲȡ˺ϴȫһĲԣѡȡλһλˡ

ǽĿ鵼ݵĽȻ֮صˣҰ浼ʦ

Դı˼򵥵ĳߣǽĿɷ湤ߣÿ˿쵽һذףһӣҲûĶˡ

ĿܿͿʼûиλαһʱ䡣

˵񣬾ڱĴ£Խĵȥһ档һȡýĿ鰲װĵˣΪʤߡ

ڴڼ䣬αһҪӵʦĻԼɱõ

Խĵ࿪ʼ¼ƣ˳˴ʵͼϵСͷȫװ

߽ȴ֣һӾˣʪȵϢ

ǰ棬ڵڶλλŮм䣬ڵڶ̷

һ·һСϪͣ˵һ

λͽҸطһԼӪأȻ׼ǵͣȻҲԺ

һʱ䣬㿴ңҿ㡣

ŮΪӣѡһʣе

һ̷мƳһۣ˵

Լһ˾Ϳˣôһƿ

˵꣬һȥҵطˡ

ǸͬѧһɣһԵСʵ

ԣɣȥҽӪصĵطȥΧûʲôԳԵĶ˳עһ£ûʲôҶӡľͷʲôģ

ţõģ

˷ͷж

ȷĿ֮ǰһڣҰƵϡ

ѡӪϣһ

һҵһȽϺʵĵطפӪصĵط

һЩӻʱѾ˻ġػ

ʵ

ͬѧΪʲôҪѽΪʲôСϪһأ

ɻͷҲ̧˵

Ϊȴ򣬽̫±ĻǿСϪ̫ǳױͻȻǵϪˮߡ

ԭ

ͷҲʼæ

˵ĺ֮£һȻĹǼûþʹˡ

æµĿ϶ˣŮҲһѡڱȽϸߵĵطӪء

̷һ˵ӪȻλÿ£ȴҲǰһʯ֮ϡ

ЩĿˣǰһ׼ġ

һЩҶϪˮϴľϡϸ̶ãһ׵ʹˡ

ǵЩӡ˼򵥵֣ѲܳԵľǿ伢ġ

ЩҰĹӣѹȲѡˮóԣζȽɬҲǿڡ

ʱر𽫵ײ࣬һһЩ߳ϾԼϡ

˯ʱΪռȽССֻܲš˯

Լ³´л͵ܵͣȻʹðߴϢķʽ֤ʱ

ڣһҹ¡

ڶ죬𴲣ǵĵһ͸ŵˡ

ֻһʯͷ򵥴ϣһʯյ÷ڣһĪĶ淢̵տ

ϵ磬һɵʱĳζӿ˵ıӡ

ϴŲЦݣ˵װλѧԱ׼Ӫͣðɡ

߽һˡ




71.  ·     ȵʯϣ

ȵʯ, еĲʲôţһѸָĳӡ

Ŀǰֱܷǣд桢򾡢򽡢Ӽ֮ü֡

˿̣ЩС, Ѿȫ졢͸ˡ

Ǿͳ

˵ǳ, ۿһ, ˵

ǵģʾǿ

˵֣꣬ڹ̵ʯһĴ, Իһ¾š

׵ҧסһͷһ˲䱬ɫ֭ҺĽһЩ͵֭ˮ, ˳ű촽

¶֮ɫһߵͷ, һ˵

, ǳţ

˲бӾ, Ƚǳ, ؿܵԱ߿ʼ

Ҳһɫû˸ǰ

ʱǰĿ֮, ɫ޳һӼ͡

ԸԵͬڽ׻ȥԺ, ߣȴֹ

٣кÿ˶Ҫֲ񡣡

ˣֻͷһ棬ڱǰüͷһµĳԸ

Ŷǳˡڵһԣ㽫ߵĻ֡ļ£ʣµˣ˭ȳԣ

һʱ䣬û˸Ӧ

ƬԺһվȴŮԱա

һ촽ٵӣŵģ˲̣۾һڣֱȥ

촽ߵһԣһԲ

˴ͷˣʣµĸ˶ûϾһ⣬˶ǹǮĿһȥҲԼ

˾Ͳһˡ

ǳӺ󣬿ʼ¡̷ȻӣûһҲиŻ

һأǹˣʼ̸·

ȴֵ·ɲߣţµ֡

мģǸǮŮǰǳߵĺúõʱǮͣ˵

һ£

ͨͨôˣ

˿ĭָǳĲ˵

㲱Ӻ棬ж

仰ǳһ飬˲仨ʧɫʼԼӺ濪ʼһӾ˱Ķģ񻹲ֹһ

ⴥǳһ߸ߣе

ʲôŪȥŪȥ

۵ЩĪĶһʱ䣬ʧ

סǳ

ŮʿҰ

δ֪Ŀ־˵ǳڱİ°

ΪϽıתǳֻ¶ѩײϣɫĶſ档

ÿһ֦С䶯ţȥǳĶġ

Ŷˣǳ˵ģܿͿԽˡ

ֻͳһʼںûӵĹ򣬱˵

󹦸ɣ㰲ȫˣŮʿ´һҪעⲻҪҿϣҲҪ´̫ãȻЩСһɾҪ㵱ˡ

ǳһĨԼĺ󾱣һѪ

ʲô

㿴ϣ̧һ°ͣʾϣֻźü

Ѫ󨣬ȴֳСͿøȾ

һ£ʼԼû⡣

ҽиָҩƷڸǳ̡

ȵ磬һѾӽ˵ΧҶֶ¹ˣڿ˵Ƿǳȱˮˡ

ǰֵƺһƬǳǳʼˣȥʹˮȡ

æǰ˵

УҰⲻˮġ

ԭǰĿȼٽĿμӵǳһӻ𡣼һвֵСȻҵԼǰ̾Ͱһίǰ˷й˳

˭ҶôûˮϹٵԣ

ǻع飬Ǻûʲôˮ棬ֹס˽Ų

ǳɲô࣬󲽳ˮȥˮʱһŮ

Сģ

䣬ֻƽˮͻȻһӰһԾ

֮£ǳ͵غһ㿪˹һȻһ㣡

ŵ궪ǣ˶

Ǳʱɲϧ񣬶Сȳǳ!

ķӦǳ죬ȥһѾס͵ǳϣٶȸ졣

ıϣͬһͷĻͳذ׳ĺԲ֣ɾ˽ȥ

Ǽ׵ԵӴһذֱж񾭣βͽһ£û˶

Լһ֣ذס

̧ͷ˸

һ⣬֮ɫǻȡµı顣

ߵǰļ˵

ϣͷתλǵ;ˡ

ŵ˶㣬һ¿ˮɱϵĳˡ

ҪľҪ֪ڳʪȴ֣ɲһ׵¡

ĿȻǲǴʶֲȼ֮Ҳ˦ֲܣԼȥŪ

ѡͳľȡ𷽷ýĿ鷢Ǹӣһ׵װá

һľͷͷϵӣȻŤľȡǸϣķһֵСʯ顣ֻҪľͷʹľѸת

ûĻֶĥˣֻðһС̶ѡ

ŮȵҪһ̷֣İ취Ҳʼģ£ڰСʱɹˡ

ŮǮλʦý飬һٿ⡣

ȻһλʦҰ⣬ҲɸΪ֮

ֻǱ濴ȥóԣȴûеϺΣǳǮĴ£ҲǿܳԵ״̬ˡ

ڶʲô־֮£ʹƽʱʵĶҲζ

еĹԱˮ˷档СԼѹɣѼαǶˡ

ںˮչľ̿ʾ˿һֲпյľѣȻ󽫵ľ̿ȥһӣˮƵˮ

ҶѧȻȥˮ̼ĿɬζҲ˹˷ǳʺͲ

ڴҶԱ㣬׼·ʱƫƫ칫˴ꡣҲȶֵ֮һÿ±ꡣ

һСʱҷ׷״Ӷܵĵط˳Ϊˮֱù

ɥĲıȻôһֱˮȥ

˰ɣ㣡Ҳȥովصǳɴȥˡ

˼Ҳû˵ʲôֻĬĬûʲô̷ֹ

ʲôҰȥ

żαһ״򲻶ӣҡҡͷ˵

ұ֤ǲµģ

֤ʲô֤㲻ҧˣ˸

һֱûգǺ

Σֻ̾͵

ľ𣿡

ʲô˼

ո㣬ǽĿֳģõġ

ģ

ΪʲôҪƭأ

һҲһһΣĿǲᲥȥģϾڶ趨ȻӴ̼

ƽµʹ󣬽һ춼˳ûʲôر

죬µ䲼

Ҷ뵥жʣµ֡

ֱɻȫ̶ڡ

·ʽЩݡ

ڷֿһ˵ĽŲԼӿ˲٣ӰʦˡͣӰʦ

СʱӰʦ뻻ˡ

Ӱʦãڣӽ˵ͼϵյˣǰǴ󺣡

ӣ֮˶ɵˣ




72.  Ǯ     һͷûС

һͷûн׵ɳ̲, һǵ

̽ȥɭʮ׵ĵطһڣǸ¶Ľʯŭţɫ˻Ĵ±, ʪˮ

Ŀŵ, ׿һʯ֮ϡ

ߵµıԵ, 쳤³򡣴ﵽ棬¥ôߣవ˻֡

Ҫǵȥ, õĻֱӾͻˤڽʯϡ

ͬʱһκ󣬷˽Ŀ鰲ŵĹߡһ䣬Ƥͧ, ±ϡ

һ˽ĿİţŴ󺣶, ʼ, ֽŲõ

Ƥͧһ׶ߵʱɿ, ɵ䵽档

˴ʼĿ껮, Ӱʦڰ㣬лֱ¼ơ

˺ܼ˺ܴľŻʮס漣ʮ, Ѿһ·̡

ĿԽԽʱȴ֪ںԶطĺףһȻѡ

һʱ, ĿԽԽ

ھˣֱıѾӽˣĵ˵

ֱܿеԱ˵

ãѡͣ

ô£ʲô𣿡

㿴ǵǰ÷Ľ֪ͨ˵һٺĵطҵĺ׵𣬼пХΪźŲȶԭ򡭡Ѿһյ֪ͨ

Ŷҵ찡

ֱ׼ʱͻȻ˴꣡

Ĺ

µԤϢһȴڷγɣ豸ʹֻѸٷ

ȥ˾ߺ

ҵ졭

ͻȻֱζһ£ȴγٶ̫ˣ̸ĹѾձɫŭšѹǡ

Ǹ

еĹԱ˵

ôˣ

Աһĭ˵ֱûݣ

ŭ𣺡ô£

ǵ⣬ǵһݲСǰֱϵҲˣϣ

±ڶݣһ໰ѸֱָϷȥ

Ҳ˲Ծ˺ˣƤݴ˿֮̾еһƬҶм֮

ʹȻ֮£ҲֻǿȶƤͧ

ҲǡҲǡ

ڤڤ֮עģµƤͧƵĵԱߡȻСıĽʯƣʼ©

ûа취ֻ˽ʯϡ

½ںˮеĽʯ˺壬ʪ쳣š

ݣɵ˽ʯ֮ϡ

ЮŶӰΣֻۡץˣſڽʯһߵֵʱ̧ͷͿԶĺƽϣһߡ

˿̵İߣֱո˸ʵĵط£αҲΪͻȻֹתƱѡ

͹Աðŷֶ꣬ĿʼݣֻˣХѾˡ

ųԼľˣһʱ䲻֪ôץķֹԼ

ϧ߹ĵļᶨҲ͹˺Хľ

Ϯ˵ССģʯһӾͱˡ

ʧȥˮﳹû

ڰ߿һĻıNo

ĺˮˮ˶ˮգе޻֮ԹԵرЮ˶

æУ򿪶׵ܣֹԼϢɾô㹦򣬺ˮݺݵ˦һ齸ʯϡ

ֻúһʹзζ

ӿĺףȲӿĺ滹ҪΣաʯľͷһСľͻΪ֮

̶̵ʮУϾµ˿ڡָ

֮УƳʯͷĺԾκ˿

ڱ˦һ齸ʯʱ֣ʮָؿסֻڻһ档

ʱһһĹȥ֪˶ãԼӦ⻷³´лȻһʧ¶

ڰϣѾ췦ıˣΪ˶ܺХҲʼĸϡ

±ڹߣӦò̫Ӱ죬ֱİΣɡ

һߵػϣһ˵Ķ飬Ҷû˵

ѵڵ

ûа취𣿡

ҡҡͷ

ǼۿХľɡû취ˣûĻ»ȥ

ǣǳʱ򣬾Ͳ֪౸׷ںˣֳˣĿųԹ˾ǣǳ

գǰڶ⵺ϣҲ֪һߵĵôˣûѺХôѾеԽԽˡ

һʱ䣬ĳǹ˷

ס죡˶һ𣬰ŮʿΧм䣬ֹҳʱ굼ʧ¡

˵꣬Ϊ˱ϼһΧһȦ

ХһСʱɢˡ

ȶķ籩ȴһֱСʱȥ

˿̵ѾԼ³´л͵ͬһʯͷȻ

ڣˮƽֻۣϦƲ¶ɫĹâ˴󺣡

СʱĻָϵҲࡣ

ѸٵԼĵ״̬ʼȥ

һ·ȥľƯڰߵĸľͷ㻹ܻ

ĺۼȴں±ϡ

֮ǰƤͧԼݣ˿Ѿ֪ȥ

ԭ±ҲѾһ뻹࣬Զֱͣĵطʱһ٣Һûб˾ȥ

ͬڻǽһ㣬ɵ±ڡ

ڱƻµζӣĳǿҲûó

ʹ˳̽ҵ˴ҵķ򣬿ʼȥ

̫һɽһЩܵȼľͷ͸ɲݣ˻𣬸ڱôõ˴һ˿ů

ڴҳĬſʱıͻȻĴ֡

ôˣһԵĹԱ˵

ʾҰ

ж߹ˣܵƵʺܿ졣

ʲôְɣһԵŮǮ˵

ذףվȫעضŶĵط

ûãӺڰ߳һݸߵӰʪһ·˺ܶӡһƯڻҫ¸Ŀͬˮľ֡

ǹӰʦʡ

Цһģش𣺡Ȼ㿴Ӱأ

OMGû

ذףȵߵǰץס۰ǲš·ҪƳһ

ۿ㱻ХûûмХûܴˡ

ðɡ



ⳡΪͻȻѽˡ

ûãҲʧ˵ĵȡϵ֪̲֮ϵӪѾױХݻ٣˶û¡

ҪҲˣ˶ѡΪȷ᲻к׵

˿̻ĹڵϣѾ˵һѶС

ڶ죬ҵľԮֻҲˣһĻлĹפ˵صĴʹݹԱ

ڳʳʼ

صȫشȴ绰ȥС̱ƽ˺һһӦѡڶ죬ع

عǰӵǸյĵڶͨ绰

ܸѾˡ

ʣµģûм˵Ҳô¡ֻӦã

ص˾ᣬ˿пת˵İ˰

ȻԼĸɫ䡣

ŷѴϡǸո룬ĸŷźãȫһ

һƬɫӳ

ȫǰԪ󳮣ĸ䶼ˣһǧֽ߰

֮ǰļ֣ԶûӴֽó

ЩǮԷתô죿

ڴʱǸյĵ绰ˣϲ

ιͨˣǴ




73.     ʲô

ʲôɻʵ

Ϻ׵ݵƬ, 磬Ǹ̳ǳǣߡǸǸ֧֧ᡣ

ʲôأӦλҰһΣвɡ

Ŷ, ԭԷһ, Ҳ, ҲСˡ



ˣһʲôĽɫ

һǣӰС׺С, Ǹɫǵʦһѳ

Ѿ籾ɡ

⡭黹û·ȵȵȡУ˵㷢⣬ûʲôɣ

￩һ£û, ЩطʹҪϢһʱ䡣

һ⻰, Ǹæ

ûȥҽԺһ£

 һ, ңһЩط, Ϣһʱˡ绹һ¡

ֹ, Ǹ˵ôˣ

ʣϲʶʲôСɱӰĵݣԼһЩС͵Ժϰ塣

СΪЩǮǰɣ

š

ϰɡ

ʱ鷳ˡ

˵绰ͨпת˸ǸռǮ, ϾʱԷչԼǾľҪеġ

İ£Ϣ

֮ǰĺХһ, Ȼϵ˺ϣɺݺݵײ˺ü£˿ɲٶȡ

ڵı˷ԼȻǴŸָ漣ģʲôѩԼΪʲôء

Ҫǣʱ˼Լûû˿淢ʲôʱհҲԼ˽͵Ŀ϶

ЩǮް

󣬰ǸյüĿ

һ˽Լõ˽˲˹ݣдˡ

һIPıమƬĵݣԼСԺߵĸˡ

ʦã̫ˡŰֺĵݣһ˵

λɡҾŵλðɡ

˺һҲٶȦӣֱ룺λҪб͸λ̸

Ҷû˵Ҳ֪֪˵:

ҵĿһǮ˵һIPıİ磬ҴͶһ֣֪ɲ?

ͶȻǻӭڵԤѾǹˣͶڣʵһΪѡ

ǡҿѹͷֳɣ顣

ˣ˲üЦؾ˾Ʊ

ιƬŰٶ̸

ʱ˵ˣʣԺ߾ͺ˵ˡ

Сʱ飬Ҳһ䡣

ûãӰ׺СҲҪʼˡ

ݵǵʦһĽɫ籾кųơ һ˪ʮݵ˪ɡ¥¡

ھ籾У˷ϲƣȻħʱΪٳħγɣ

ôһĽɫƷųȥ˶ͷڲϢʱȻⲿӰͶ֮һǳĹ˾

ѹСˣ˲գһ۵Ľ͸

ϵϺҲʶģʱ򣬿˲ٵĵӰ󿧡

Ҫ֪ӰǽбӰȦȦġ

Ӿľ缯Ķǳ࣬ظȸߡҪͶ׬Ǯ

ӰΪƪԭӾԱݼ磺ݡӰʦ֮ҪֻߡǵӰƱ׬Ǯ

ڵһνӴӰ˵Щ˿ɶǰ

һһ̵ĺģ

ǣƵİ߾Ȼлӿ

ⲿӰʵʵĴ磬лӿųð

˴棬ԷЦЦŶԷ۾ܾЩԾǻһ΢Ц

һʱ䣬ͱȥˡ

ΪǽɣȻһϮɫĿ䳤ۣͷڡ

ӰǰʦǶŶӣױķǳϸ¡Сʱûܵ͡

·ױ˶Ͷ̾Ŀ⣬Ӱ֮һͷ佱

ѹʦ˵ѵһĻױģ壡

¶ɻı飺ʦܣ

Ŷʦܾǻ֦˵֮ǰ㻯ױġ

һ˵ˣμѡʱԼױǸлױʦͽл֦

ױһӰĵģʱѾˡ

߳ȥʱ籾ǸἺΪ˪ɣȷԼ̬û⣬첽˳ȥ

һʱ䣬Ӱڵ˶˹ڤڤ֮У·籾е˳ɣ

û뿪Աʶĵͷĵ

ģεǲǲ֪ݼô

ױյǳ˳ıڳ˵Ԥϡ

˶ױգΧˡԭ̨ʹףЩӰ಻㡣ҲǿǿȺеĴ£̨ʹǡ

лӿǣ˦˱󡣾Χʱ򣬶Լоͬʧ˻һ

׼ʮ죬籾׼ˡ

ݵ¥£ҪǰڡΪϷ Եݰ㶼ǰ档

¥µϷȻ벻ƣһĻǷϲҪѸ̨Եɵʱ̫ϳ¥´ӡ

һҪģΪлӿ̫磬NGʱ䶼ڿС

ֳݵɫ͹һˡ

һʱ֪ʲôԭ򣬵ͻȻһ˲ʧȥƽ⣬ڳ˶ŵü

Ǹǹû˵

ʦƽغɫǺܺÿ

飬豸ϻԭ

ĳҲͦ£̸˸ˮʳ

˿ǸԲЩ

лӿҲҴææعǸ

Բ𰡣Ҳá

ڰ֣˵

⣬豸顣

ϾλСͳ׷ְһͺҲþա

죬˵Ͷ֮̽࣬ԹԵһԣһϣһϤӰ

˲ϴηǸ kinoŵĸ߹ܡ

һ飬ͱлӿȥлӿǿЦţʮ꣬ĸֹ̬ܶǡ

лӿĿԣܿµƿˡ

ڼ˶ȥܴкҲ⣬ȻԷĿܲʡ

ϣС˵лӿ񱻴ȥˡ

ҡҡͷ˵

Ҫܱ˵¡

Ϸݲ࣬ʮҾˡ

ΪҪһˣԵݰ˸ɱĺϣʰˡ

һͷǸСɱӰҲѾģԷתǮȥһӾֳˡˡˡ

ĸӣʲôӣֱǶʱը

ѧУƽºüʱǸյĵ绰˹

֮ǰݵĵӾ硶顷ˣǵϾ

õġ

˵绰˺ܾδ򿪵΢ֵӾ硶顷ȻѾʼԤˡ

а¾Ҫˣ

ת˾΢ϳһˣˢһԺţ

ƬϵЩ죬ǵȥһ£

ĳ³õԴС⣬˵ǰĳλλģȦڴλЩⰮáǰǾĹֳƬJPG

СıӰлӿ

һԵˣϾȦټ٣˭˵塣

ֻԵһ£˳˺š

º󣬡顷ʱΪŮӪν޿ײ롣

ݵİԨһ˲СĹע




74.  ϴװ   Ԩĳڵġ

Ԩĳڵļ

ĻгĶŵж, һ˲仭ͱĻûˡ

˧˧

ҽжˡ

awslԱúÿ

ܳĳ𣿡

˵ɫǷ𣿡

ɣʻǷɣ

ɣ˺ðɣ

׻ˣ

ŮǱʱ, ⲿȷǳ֮󡣼Ʒ, ʱ, ûʲô֮ͥľ磬ԡ顷ĹעȳѰظߡ

žƽѵĸֳ˿֮, ڰԨɫۣһȳŮ

ǲԨɥĲĵľ飬У԰˶ʶضԶһ㡣

Էʱʳ, ĵطΧһȦλ˲, ·һƬա򷹰̵򶶵øˡ

λѶƮ, һ죬εʵ

ݹһʲô

Ļ, ˻࿴һ, սóֻڵ

һĻĳϷԻǼٳԣôݵ̬֡ĵģ

ֻԼĵĻ棬ҡͷ 

, ģǰ֡

ûֻŻ˵

֪Ϻܶ˶˵ݵúܺ, һЩ˵˵аԵĺܡ㶼˸Ӫŵķ̵ˡ

ҲҲΪͯӰɣ뿪Ц˵

㻹˵ֿܡ꣬ҲɫĴڣͳΪ˾䷴أһԵ֮Ҳ

顷֮ȶȳױˣҲһˡ

ԺܸоǺĲһ

мȥμξǰӻķ˿˵𺳵ˡ

һȺˣŵƣ¡

ڴѧҪ࣬ѧУﲢûгִģ˿Χµ

Ҳһ¡

һ죬һȥϴ衣˸ף׼£ͻȻоڴOO@@Ķ

Ұްֱһ̧ͷͼһſֻ¼

Լˣæȥܡ

ٶôȵأ׼ʱѾſڡ

ֻó֡

Է¶һ˿ңɹִطϣҲ֪˵ʲô

˵Żŵֻء

һĻԡ˿ˣһȺСӣ϶Űӣٹƨɾʹſ֡

͵ģ˵ֻ˵

һ⻰Χ۵ը˹ȻԡңҹŶûʲôⲻζſй¶Լ˽ö֮ĳϡ

˵ԼҲ͵ĵǶΧ

ֻ

Χ۵ԽԽ࣬͵ĵ亹ֱһֱš

ܿͬѧѧУıһ˴ˡ

ʦ£Ūô¡

ǱУģһСƣڹ͹ԡ͵ƵȻƽ̨˿

ΪĽCѧԾйע߳߼ۣȥƵ

ԭͲԺģǸԺģڴ֮ǰѾ˺üεˡ

ЩϢѧ׼в£ԷŲ鲻Ը˵ġ

㿪˺ţ͵ĵƵȻϡ

󣬵˵棬һɾ͵ĵƵڴҲȫʽ

ѧУУ쿴Ĵ֣ҲѧУˣԺƲüȥˡ

£ҲӼᶨҪⷿ뷨

ԸԱ˵ҲѧУУͷһ⡣ҲʹӦ룬Ͼ⡣

û죬Ұ2Ҳ˳ˡ

ԭڻĹСǸˡĳƺšĿǳ˹ڿеĺˡ

Ŀ治ɫس³ӴͣʱͬԳ︽壬Ľ㡭Щڶùڴ񫡣

֮ǰԨɫµӰһʱ䣬졣

ϽĿҲˣûãΪ֮ǰͶʵӰȥǮָԣ

ʱҴңǷżٵʱ򣬣ȫһ׷ӣСһҹסɶԷӦ

ʱǴС̼ҹġ

Դ֮ǰôѶǱߵݡ

֮ǰĸȥʱǱߵûмµġ

ڵǶһϵˣСʱ򱧹ιЩҲó˵

ӦǾ䣬ʣɽԶף

ֲЦˣֱֲӽԷϳȥԼӷ

ԣɴСһȥԼķ˽ھͺˡ

һ𾪵飺

Слӿ¥ɱ

ϤСлӿĳƵ¥ɱƸ¡ɱδܳɹУûΣա

һ

ɣɣỹΪоɱİɣ

Ļ˭ţ(ٱ)(ٱ)(ٱ)

ӡǰųԹϣ

ȥԭ/ʲô𣿡

ԭ涾ˣǺǣӲ

˻Ҫȸƨ

˵ȻԺòҪٳǮˣ涾˱ɱȻôԵ𼩶졣(ŭ)

Ѳ֧֡

һܾЩԾ

ϡǵã֮ǰлӿϷʱ򣬲ûŵԷʲôֵζ֮ǰǸϷĵݣǱֵζűٱġ

Ѳ⼸ã

ȥǸ죬ò˽һͨҲûеõʲôЧϢ

꣬صѧУ֪лӿȻûѹԺնҪڴϣֲˡ

֮ǰǸУ쿴СƣҲΪܲѹѧˡ

ɹѧУлæµ

ĳһ죬˵绰ʱ£㶼¡

ĸװǮĴ䣬Ѿ˺һˡ

ʦⲿӰѾٵˡʱ£ҲҪȫ̶ŵ㡣

Է֮⣬ҪǮ˵

á

ҶϺ绰Ժ߸ˣ˽ǴŵƱۺͲʱҲһ

Լʱ䶼ûнͨ棬ȫ̶ⲿСɱӰƱ

ΪȡҲϴǮһַʽǰͺԺͨ

ԺνŻݼֻϣӰƱļ۸ѹܵͣ˿͹

ʵϵԼ¼ƱǼʮԭۣ֮ĲۣϣƱзֳɡ

ַԺ˵ֻ׬⡣

ִ죬˵ʲôͶʼԪĴӰĶëǮЧƬӻ϶ϴǮõġ

仹һЩз˿빺ݡ

Ȼ˵ŵӰûֻ˵ϽеֵĵӰˮУֻǻٵ⡣

ȻɵĲֻһⲿӰͶ̺Ҳһ뷨ԤϴǮռ䣬ʵҪֳһ֡

ഺƬ˵ǧͶҲˣѾЩߣϾŮԼݶʲô

ⲿӰƱһ֮£ϵĻڵƱҪ֪ڰƬɼѾ൱ˡ

ŻĹӰֳһӰƱҪͶʵϲܱ

ⲿƬͶʹǧңռ˽֮һʣµľԼͶ˵ġ

ڵ״̬ⲿӰſʼӯˡ

Ժ߷40ķֳҪϴɾԼǽİľ޿ҪڳͷƱС

лҪ´һ֡

һʱ䣬ӰӲӪţͶϵú󣬿ʼͨ档

ӳ˵Ӱʱ䣬ϵڣﵽԼĿġ

ȻǿƭڽӰԺΪȻܵ˲ٵϾӰȷôУӰֶ͵˹ȵס

ֳɵʱõǧ˵ʣµļ綪ֵɽһ㣬˽׸Ժߡ

ϴ׵ǧͶʳɱʣµǮ˺üƻűȫˡ

ûã鷳ˣ




75.  װ   ҹʮһ࣬ո¼

ҹʮһ, ո¼һĿֻͻȻյһš

ϼǵʮ¥3Ź䡣ҪˬԼŶ

һʼΪ˭Ķ磬Կ֮Ҳûйû, ַһš

һ, ͬһվ

֪, ϴǮĻ

˭˵ݺǼԺ߸ˣӦò֪Ŷԡ

֮ǰǧǸûõͷþ, ȻЩҵпϴǮǱȽЩǮԼôϴء

˵ԼҲѾȫЩϴ׵Ǯˡ

ҲǱʺǮԼѾ̤˺ɫС˰ѱҲ֮е顣

뿴˭ڱ󵷹

Ǹ, һ˴ȥ˶˵ĵط

һߵĻԷǳĺá˷, Ϊ, ˿һʱֵСӡ

Դӷźѿڶ, ӴķԱ, ¶һ˿ģܿͱõְҵڸˡ

ھ߹հ˹֮ڴǸš

һţһǵϢ, 

ڹرճǰطֱζеϢ

ζζĳЩƷζĳЩҺȳζ

ζѾ, ĻǲĿ

ȽģһȺŮŮǼȫ//壬žҡڡһħڻ谵ĵƹ£ͬһڵİ㡣

мɳһˣȻ߻谵޳һ۾Ϳ˶Է˭

֮ǰǸԼϰ彪һԼǱʺǮܣҲлӿĽ

ʱϰ¹ڳװͦ°¶һ˫ӷɿȡ

ûĻʲôû

ɳǰ棬һкʲôûſڵϡһɫƤȦһͷǸܵϡ

ûʲôȥͷִ˵ơ

ЩŮٶͺһʼ·ߡ

˵ĿⶼߣֻݸߵĿֱ꣬˵ˡ

һʱ䶼ѻȸ

ժ¿֣¶ɫɲ͵

мܣ˵

ʲô

ʳܣһŵſ˹ԼǰкȻƨɣûûڵߵǰ

һ˫зۣճյض˵

ȻЩ顣

˵ţ̧֣㸧

źۼض㿪˶Է֡

¸̸Ƕȥɡ

㿪˶ԷĶߵɳǰ˿ɾĵط¡

ԭ㿪ƿˮȣһ뵽ոտĺŵģǽˮˡ

ܼˣΪˣɵɫĴ󶯣̽˸˳ȥ

Ӻʣˡ

һ뿪ȥŷ

ıڼְҵ¿ʼ

±˻Լ£ܺǳ

ʲôãȻ᲻ܷʲôǶ

ˣҲʳԼʡ

һЩǮвңͲ°γܲ࣬Լ𣿡

ʲô࣬ǸǮûоҵ֣ʲôϵ

Цţһ޹ӡ

ãڶ⣬лӿ¥ǲǺʲôϵ

һ£ʱͼһһ˭֪ô棬Ҫѧ¥

Է˵⻰ʱ˿ûһ˿֮ģ˵·ߵӲһ㡣

ԷĻŭȼ

ֻԷֵ¶ϷʵЦݣ˵

ԭͰˣҪġǼһ֪˵ʲôڻɽǿұ⡭

ӣ˵

ͲҸƴ𣿡

ƴ·ʲôرЦԷЦʲôô˵

Щ˰̫ʢΪɨһǾĶ뱲ӣλãΪòǾɫ㶫

ӣʵɣȦûһôģֲٿ⡣ֻҪӦңԺԴѡ

ƵվӸµؿǰˣ˵

䣬һｵһҲ̫޿֣

ͳ¼ʣո˵Ļز˳

Է¶ȵı飬һм

ʲôƾô¼Ͱ⵹ң̫˰ɣ㲻Ϊеľ춼˽İɣȥĸܡ

ǵط˰󻧣ЩүǱһǱ㣿ˮ㣬˵ˡ

㻹СһӣҲɣ

вң˿̣Ѿͬµĺ

ôԷν˵

ǺǣͻȻЦˣ̵ؽ¶Ķ䡣һ˫ͬźһֱۣԼͦ׽Ĳӡ

ѶԷı鶼һ¡

ܣ㲻ζЩҪҪζ

ҪҪҪ

Էһ㣬»÷Ͻ˻þС

㵸ܣӴ»÷ļ

ܿ죬Էľ״̬һѳȼյľһﵽ۷̾ή

ͬһͷһڵϺߺ

ֱ߶ģһ浣ŪԼ죬һҲָƻˮ֤֮ݡϾ顣

Сڵϵͳô

»÷ͼӣпĺ֢ܻϡ

ܺãͷ

С

Ӻ󣬿ŶԷڵϣһһģŰĭջ

ʱ˿̣»ζŨĿ¡

ıڶˣķ䶼ǳΣʹ汣վڵĹҲ

ҲǡǡΪعǮˣͷٵÿ

Сұһ¾˵ո˾˳һ;ͷ֮ǰֵӰɾ˰ɣ

յ

һȣˣҽˣЩҲˡ뻹ֹ鷳ҲһлӿڵҽԺɡ



ҽԺסԺʮ¥һһ긾Ůӡ

ԱߵĲϣһꡣģ㣬ֻʱһûľżϢس

ʱѾ賿һˣæһŮҲ˯ԱߵĲϡ

ûһŵһζ˯˹ȥ

ϵͳڲϵлӿ˵

СƲհɡ

лӿԲһֱԲѣֲˡ

ӵƺ˿ϺˣӦòöþ

ԼĿѾɣ½ϵͳ뿪ҽԺ

뿪·ϣţ賿ģûʲô·ϣżгӾ

ģ֪ô졣

ţͣŲһ·һشľ

Сʵ

ô

һɫ˵

Ҫȥף






76.       һով

һովУҵľ, ʱǴʵϰĽ׶Σһֵҹࡣ

ΪһõľʰԼݣƷ̵ıֱ

ǰһ̨ǰ

ΪǰҪϲ, һǰ档ҹ, ͸ſ, ·СèֻҪ˵ˡ

һСʱһƿ˽

ӶԷݸߵ, ԼƤԿóԷһͲǵһν֣˸ом

̨ǰԷûԥ˹

ãʲô԰𣿡

⿴ſֵ, òʵֻԷժ¿֣¶һüĿ续

ھУ˸㽡׳ӵ, һ񡣸ջع, ֻԷ³һ仰

ã׵ģ



һֻǽڴִ, һðİˮ, Ƶǰ

ոսĶ𣿡ʵ

ǧȷͷó¼ʣ⻹ȥǸֵ¼

ٽӹ¼ʣһ, ˵

֪ϴôǮҪõ𣿡

֪ػ嵽ʮ, á

ţ֪ͺáúһˣô·Էϣ̾һƴѧѧ

飬Ѿȥˡϵı¼˵

ĿڹǮԷȷڴһĵλѹӵġºȻϴǮȴֽǮȫף̬áԵʱ֤ʵĻȡ̷

š

ͷס˿Ѿַ졣

ԭڽɳ֮ǰھſһƬȻһ΢

ǳлһ·з˿֧ϲ˼ǣҾȥˡҲζţҲҵȦףƽǽټ

ҹν΢ը˹

ԭʱ򣬾зǳҹèŴˢֻͻѣò˶һ£ĪĵĪĲȥ

󲿷·˶ӡ󣬽ͣڡ顷еķжԼҰ2С⡣

ӦȻķ˿΢ѯʣ

緢ʲô飿

ȥҸոͿ΢

ףʲôɶ

ǣ2Gˡ

ҹһĪĹϡ



ڶ죬žֵĵ飬עµİԹУѾȺʱѾᵽԡ

žֵĵһͨӪżӵ

ǿͨУĳһ˰ҹף̹ԼϴǮ飬ұʾѾڵС

һӣ뵽ҹ΢˶ˡ

ϾȦֻбŲ鲻ԸеˣǷ

?׷ǣң궼̤ĴˡξȻһƿ

Цˣһ˵һ׵ģһǵһȦ(Ц)(Ц)

ҲãȻ֪Լˡ̹״ӿȡδ·ܳ

˵ⱳûʲô飿

Ҳãϣϼ˳

˵ˣԺĽɡ

ǰͷϷתҲ١

۵Ȼʱ֮ǰЩǮĽܣһϴǮԺ߸ˣžĵ顣

ѾŪϵҲûѵѪҺм˶/ƷԼһ»ʣһ͵Ķ/Ʒ

ø˷ˡ

Ȼkinoų£ֹ˾Ҳûţͨǡ

Űһƽ㸡ˮ档

Ϊܵļعҵģǵطͷҵһ˰󻧡

Եʱڵս˽һڵֽ𣬲һõһط߹š

鷢չӦÿҪᡣϾѾ˲Сѹصˣ׷׷ԼͼԾʩѹ֤ݻΪԼ

Ѿֵ÷з޴ڣýҲڸٱ¡

ٵڶ˾ٱ绰ϣò

ðž޴ѹ׷ȥ׵İºץǸط߹٣һɽֽҡ

ڴߺ㣬ʮ̨鳮ջ̨

ͳƽһ˰

һٹ𾪡

˵Ȧ͵˰©˰ʲôĶһ֣ͨ˶ûʲô

ôʺһǮɽνʹϰյ۾

ϻĹץ̰һʱ䣬ȼһѾõըҩͰ

ߣϵУϣԼѧ

ΪʱϾĵ飬Ҳ˽µ֪Լ̫ܲáȻԼ˰ףԺҲ󣬿˹ԱɱϾԼ׷ӣ˷һЩǮ

ȻҲûбϣûԤϵУȻӦ

ѧĻ㱣סˡ

ڿ֮ͥǰһֱڿԭΪ˱ͷҲ˴ͷ

ֱһýȻɷˡ

ˣãǰɣϼ

֪㣬СҾͿֵĽĿЦŵͷ˵Ȼ˴ͷȴµٸ¶ţϱͣʮĺøС

ܶžͷ˵˵㵱ΪʲôΥ𣿡

ţʱ˵Ҫȥμһ֣˵ǹ¼ơҰ2ķ֡ҵʱҲûж룬͸ȥˣ֮󡭡

Ǵηַ˵ˣίرһƱǿԼѲŽЩǮ

ΪΣºҪٽǱǮϴһأѡ񱨾ʵ

ѵֻҪӹǱǮΥ𣿡

ⷽҲǺȫȲһЩǵġΪһѧǷǡ

ǵģʱĴңŰǮϴϵĿپȥͿˡºҲ÷ǳҾˡ

˵˵ı޶£Ŀ󣬲Ѷʾ֧κϴǮĻΪ˭ֲһϰɫĴأ

úһ˧磬ôĵһˡ

ǰȦˮ̫ϣúøɡ

Ǵ֪ܸģĪɡ

º󣬾һϵеĳǣİ㿪ͥˡ

գ̰۵Ǹط߹٣дͽ̣ü̡

ܵļ䱣˶ʮꡣ

Ϊлּʱף˰飬̬á漰ʵ̫ˣꡣ

̱ܣΪԭ֮֡ӣΪҲꡣ

ҲѾǷ⿪ˡ

ڴӿתȥǰ

С̸ŲһӾͿ˳߿޻

СӣǼǱֵˣûӡԹ˾㵹ãֱȥˣôԵ衭ء

ֻðο С̣ʱ䣬ܿͳˣ

ú죬Լչ˺ԼҪñ۸ˡʲô¼ǵϵңԺʱǻġ

ţһչ˺Լġ

۵ʱܿ͹ȥˡ

ϹѺĴͳʼķʻȥ

һΣһʮλԱĴ£ȫֱš

ȵ˼һ˻ܽ͸ļࡣǻӵˣҪʱϤĻ̡

ս͸Щһ

ע⵽ЩУ١ҶŴͷжվڲٳϡ

һԵ˿⣬һȺɻͽ棬Щˡ

˵Ŀ⣬ۼϣ

ܳ˸Ʒɫ

ûЩһֻ˵

·ˣڿҲˣ

㿴ңҿ㣬ȴ󷽷˸⡣˵ͷ

Ҳ½½ʼ

ǰһͷ

ϰɣ죡

һ˽ңҽѾȺʱѪѪѹǻƬλ/ֳ/ٺ͸/š

ϿԡȻҲǱȻҪļ飬Ͼοɲȼ٣Ҷﷸɲʲôеÿ͡

ļǽѧϰˢϴʺ򣬶ӦȻмֲᣬ˼졣

ԡҺͲмأǵ֣ҪΪ˷ֹԱڿĽʵԽɱŹ֮Ļ¡

ԡҵĵطһͷûи䣬һ׸ߵĸ嵲ס°Ҳи壬ҲԴӼпԱʲô

ʮһ䣬̵֡

ȥҲǸɾࡣ

̣ĵһϵͳͻȻ

ΣB䲼ﺣǷܣ

룬ôˣˣ 

Ӧܣ

俪ʼʱꡪ19ͳ




77.  ҰԶ     ããؼ䣬һ

ããؼ, һƬʪر紵˾档ԶĵƽϣˮҰѼȺӵǳ̲ϡ

ʪԵĺӰƵĺҶ, ԶĸһƬ

һϼ, ˮһɫΨ档

ڲԵˮ, һֻ޴İ¹˫Ծʢ֦Žĺ⡣

Ž覵ë, ˳Ⱦ棬ɢɫĹ⻪

һ˫ĳ۵ͬе֮ޡ

ǻˣһΣһͷɫľ¹

ոֵĲɫ⻪, ο򡪡»ùߡ

ͨﵽʱĿģߵ䡢䡢ɢȹܡ

Ҳ˵, ʺ硢¥֮Ķ, ʵһޱҲҲƵ, һֻ, ֻһˡ

µڵһʮγ˾޴󻯡ֳճҺľŸˡ

Сĵص

ڵĵط, 19ͳĻĹ½ΪɽɽϵһƬʪСԶ޲

ԭ½

ûǰ, 顰֮ءӡ󣺾ޱ޼ʵɳĮڣ˵նӣԼܸĸ

û뵽Ϳ̰ӡеĲһȻ鲻·̾

С½ûк񻯣ʪغͺֻǱȽ϶ġ

ȻЩʪƽռڻĹ½ӵѩɽԭݵ顢ɭ֡ϿȡɳĮڡޡʪءеĵ

ԭˡͷҲʳԼһ⣺

´½ȫ꽵ˮϡ٣Ϊʲôγʪأ

ˮϡٲζûнˮˮɸɽѩˮڻʪء޻ľסҲǻľһȦɽγɵģĵط

ԭˣȿĿĻϡ

㿪ϣʼ˽ϻƽ

ﺣ˹߼ڻֽ½

ֵľŴϻֵһ

ﺣ;޴ϼ붫֮ĵϻ֡

ﺣؿɴ169~240kgﺣҪС࣬Լ85~135kg

Ļоϻ붫ϵֻżǧꡣһֵĽʵת˲ŵĹ

ȻϻľŸ֣ǰͻɽҴϻȵĺ˵ϻһַǳӱĶ

ﺣ㷺ֲڻġʡˡ䡢ݽ³ǡǡ˹̹ȱ˹̹ɹż˹ڡ

ֲΧһϻ

ڹ޳УūаͰʨ򶷵ϻﺣ

һ˵ﺣ붫˿֮·

ﺣĹ硪¥˿֮·һǳҪŦսԵλǾǷǳҪĴڡ

˿ڵɭֱطʳ뾭ˮĹϹ

֮սƻ仯ºĵ¥Աߵˮ޲ʧһƬë֮ء

ɳ£¥𽥴һĹңһȥ¥յĹǡֻһƬͺͺַ

ﺣһ˵ʪ٣ҰҲ֮ˡǵƤëˣͱ͵߶ϡ

һֱ1900꣬ŵ֮̽ռҡ˹ġն½¥ųǣҴﺣ

ʱﺣѾڱΣıԵʣһС֣ʪعӲд

1980  4 £һֻﺣڴй¶ȥ

ݹٷ飺ʮֻﺣֻ⣬ֻȫ͵ɱ

1981꣬Ȼʽȫﺣ

ſ򣬡㡱ˮԾʹһ쫷ʧڿС

ûзԶͷ˼˼ҡ

άİգ׼һΧŻ¯Ρ

Ա߻һ׷٣Ѹ棬ȥͷǳ

һᣬԶɭַȥ

ӦûﺣڣЩ˼ĵطҲˡ

ƽءǰïɭ֣̤˽ȥ

ͺ¹һ󣬼ûʲôвԼĴڡ

ųľ޴¹ɭУͬ񻰹߳ľ顣СԶԶضڰ̽ԴδĴһ

һȦҲûҵʲôԼҪĶ

ʾĹڵﺣ1916Ҿģв꣬ĵңӦûġ

ۿ̫ҪɽˣȥһطϢȴû뵽ջ

ɭһСƬʪأһȺҰԱˮ

һֻŸո̤ɭ֣һɫӰҲﵯ˲䣬ҰȺ±ӡ

ͷͻȻֵﺣͷͬһӵ䵽ҰıϣצعҰ壬һҧסҰļ

ֻҰ˻Ƭ̺֫ӲȻ£ҧˡ

ϻβԵĳɹϻҲѧĻһζܽ̿顱

ͷﺣӦͷƻ

ԳɹԼߵѪĶԶľͰ¹ʱʱĻ¶ɻȮݣʾ档

ףǶԷµ֣ϾԼ㹻ѹȸС

ԲףԼҲȥĸòˡûпֻңң

һ룬ͳһϲĳ

ͷԲСϻƨƨߵĴ˳

ģ֪ĸչ˵ĺܺá

Сϻûеȫ̵ʱ򣬲ܹһЩġ

ſŵϣؿһĿٴ͡

ĸոճڣͻ

ֻԭڴõĸٴа㿴ӡ

ҲˣضǱߵ

ĸվ˽䱸״̬ϵëֱŴ죬˹ľ

ֻ̣ܵ˲ݴж

һ޴ӰⲽصĺŵͳĽŲ

Ҳǿˣһͷܣ

½ʳĿǿ֮һ

ǰͷܵͣͷƻô󡣶Դƻ˵ɲܹԸĴڣοͷ̡

ʳǵĿͷ˾޴󣬻ӰӾϲΪĴڡ

ʵϣǸսʿǷǳĽƻ޴ٶڶ̾ڣܲèƣǲζ

ǵٶȿɴ56ǧÿСʱµǣǵǳɫԺܿٶȱܺܳʱ䡣

èƶܱȵģﶼǱܸ뱼ץġ

ϻĶʳߣȻǲŹڴù£Сϻ֡

Ұ⣬è˲һԡ

ˣǻֲܿ伢˿ϻлȥĺܴܡ

ɶڴè˻ϾζʧȥȻȺӵʨӳ⡣ûвԵӵèƶϾͰȥˡ

èƶǱƵȻһ㲻ƴΪԳе˵ĺ

ܻһ࿴ǳ̵Ϊϲ

ڵ龰Դƻ˵ǳΣաһвǰľ޴ܣһˡ
֪Ǳסˣʳ

ĸ뿪ҰʬʮԶת뿪
ҰᣬԤ֮£ȻѾȴĸѡ

޴ͣͬһСɱĸķӦҲ˲䱬һȥ

Χ£ûа취󲿷ܶǳܲУ̫ˡ

ò´ģСҲԣ

»˼Ȧ˾ĸתͷȥѰҲС
ֻ̲ʪزݴУһ
ǸӣǵǳܿСǵĴ·λ

ۿܳԼ̶ȥĸϼ겻ܸոշ̣׼ȥʱ

ĸһȻڿԶγһߣܱϡ

ϱݺݵһ£צУܷ˦׳ӣĸȥҧܵĴ׳ӣûеóѡ

ĸѣƽء

޴ƣƿ

ĸҲǳصģȻƽޣʲôƲ硣

ٶȣ㿪һܵĲ棬ݺݵڶԷļ粿Ѫۡ

һӼŭͷޣ˹
һΣĸվ˰ģϾ֮ǰԡ˷̫

ĺȣĸڵϹȦѸ㿪˺üףȲѾ˽ŵ״

ܵĹ

˿ڼҵ˼붷УȻ֣ĸǡ

ʣµͷ̣Ҳǲܻġ
Ϊѣ˾Ҫˣ׼ⳡʱ

һˣ




78.  ë   ǧһ֮ʣ

ǧһ֮, ֳһֻϻ
һԶŵûע⵽

磬̳һ䲻ı˱

βû˦, ͷϻͬһ, ճ档

צӷ·˱, ܳʹ֮£͵վͼˤϵϻ

ͷϻ, ɵض㿪̩ɽѹܽʵʵأԼĺ󱳿ĵ˵ϡ

ϻڿһԾĽųȥѸ͵ͬһηսʿʹԱܣɸҳ

ͷϻ֮ǰĴƻѶԸ, սҪԶԶʤǰߡ

Ҫǣǹɾ, ˼˺۵ܲηС

ܲټȥ, Ϊ֮ǰͷƻҲս

ȻֻϻͶѷɫܣֻļл, Ҳǳĳ, ͷβ

ֻ˼ٶ˼κ󣬿ʼ˳ˡ

ʧ

ֵͷﺣⲽƻǰֻʼܵ

ֻƽ, ܵԱߣٶ̫죬ͷһ

׼ܵʱ, ʹ»ùߡͷϻεڵϡ

Ʋչܣϵ˿ڽ˴

У֣ͷֵﺣǹ

СɼǵĻɣȻ󿴿ʲôϵ

С Σͷǿ׳˶ĴƻΪһͷƻֱϵ

ŶԭĸŮϵ

˿ں»ùߣֻƻҪģѸٷֳ

ΣΧǳĹ㣬ΪﺣǻĶУҲдڣȻĵﺣҪ

óϵͳƷļһϬţУõ

ǵʱѾǳϻϬţһ

ǣɭ֣װһȦһ֣ͻᴥϵͳľҲԼʱϵ

ٶ˫ؼӳ£ڿеٶȣ㹻رڴ½ˡ

ɽɽɣɭʪؾһȥһ¡ϧĴڣͰװԼҪķΧ

һ·׶ԭ

ѩɽϡ½ߵĵطˡ

׶ԭǰ˹ϲɽϵ׶ɽϵɽᡣ

ҲڶɽĽ㣬ƽ4000-7700ס긲ѩɽ

ġɽУĲɽͬʱΪҰб鲼׶ԭҲ˽롣

ΡѩɽȻ񹤵

ɽҵ㶥ס

͵ǡ

̺ʽﺣĴڡû뵽ȹںһЩﺣҪࡣ

ִ˲ƣȦأװʱڵļػ洫˾档

ֻһȺ˴Թǹɭ֡

æĻѸٸ˻ȥ

СʱŵϵˣʱϻѾˣ֮ǰͷ̵ֻϻ

ʱ̣ѾߣƻҲǹ;ĩ·ʱ

ն£ľ֦Ѿ׷ױײϡɫҶͬѩһ㣬ɵƮ

ŵûͷһҺ屻ǵǹ/֧ϣ̽ǹʴ

ǰͷľ޴¹һƬз䣬Ƕˣʲô

Ե粨Ϣܣ˵

˴˵¹Ϊβк޹?

һ곤ˣӦݵһڵϡߺˡ

ʣµļˣͻȻһŰձñˣǹˡ

⧲֮£ȻˣûзǰȱһѪ

Ǹȿǹˣм˵ֻΨһǾ

ƣһԼװŪôΣȻûע⵽һ̵Ľͽ

ҺȻһξ͵÷ˡ

ֻ˿ڴӵǱһεڶ˳ƤĵطѾʼۿɼš

ǹ˻ˣ־ǹٿһǹûиĻˡ

廯Ӱ֮䣬վŵСñһӾͱײɳȥεڵء

Īٶȣһסʣµļˣ˵ϣǹ׵һ׿ĵط

ꡢꡭ۶¹㣬Щ̤Ƭ

һЩ˸ŵöɸ

ˣߵһϢĴƻԱߣƲա

˱Σϻôͷ¹κãĵ׵Ŀ־

ָжĴƻ˹ڵϵˡ˿־֮£Ⱥ󳷡

һŽ׵ĳĸǰĲ鲻Ըûм

Ҳǵģ⼸˵ĻĶ鷳

о޳󣬷ǳװ˵ԶǾǸΣյźˡ

ޱɱҪԭ֮һǲʳࡣ֮һ޺ġ¼

ڻĹĺУʣ뻢һһ

ָľǻĹֲĺܣؿһߡָܡ

20ͳ޺ıϣ˺ŵܳ¼˱ɱԵԵаиͶͯ

ͷܣ˽Ϊؿһ̺ۣɮµġ

ǳĽƻγԺһֱûץ

ֱһ죬һɽˣɱʬ壬ŭĴʳ

ȻµĺȴǣëĴԼķӣ뿪Լסļ硣

ڱܣҲǣԱϵܽˡ

˺꣬ܣϾûٿ

һֱͣܲ³ҰҲ˵ƣЩֵܣǴǨ

ɴ˿ɼܵսǿĶȲŽӵǻ۵ࡣ

ƻߣֻȰţ˴Ϣ

ͷСأ

ˣ ˣһεĵط

˴ϣȥָָǸԵˣʹǰ·

ˣƨƨߵܹ˾ߡ

ͷ˴СĵطͷСȻûг꣬ǻ׺Ӷزס

жϵķġ

ͰӴˡ

һֱ׺˺ĴƻСĸžۡƻ̣ȷԼĺӡһķ򣬴

תͷЩˣ

ΪʲôҪԻ

⡭Ҷ㿴ңҿ㣬˵

ҪƤͻǣҼ۸ܸߡһЩָҪСϻ۸󡭡

룺վǲƲġ

˼֮£ϴָϬţעĲ֪ûʺϻģ

ɿ˼³򣬷һЩɳҶ

ҵˣ

һּڶëϵϸƽʱȾϣʲô仯

һȥôǾͻѸɵϵëëңֽĸɸɾʱžСʱҡ

ĹͷҲᱻٴ໯

Ǹ»ǵ£ϸãܵӰ졣
ϵͳУֲΪֽ

Ҳ˵͵ʲôڵĿƼˮƽ

͵߾㲶ﺣҪƤë뻢ǣҲᱣðΣգõսƷҲζԵĸǰ״

ö֮϶˴Ƥ뻢ǵˡ

˿ЩˣǴߣ

Ժ󲻿ɱһҪһƣ¡ٷͽ췣

һС

ˣʼﺣϸ

һƴḶ́üĹ򡣻ܱҵﺣȾϸ

Щ˼ĵطżڼֻûбȾģҲصġԺ󣬻ϾͶˡ

ϸӰ嶯ԣҲ󻯡ΨһǡԺĿţɾˡ

Ϊ˸ڻġǺǣɴ׶ԭס

һգ£ɽһǹҵ׶

ֵͷܶŮԻ϶棬ͷɴֻ¶һ˫۾

ӽΡʳем档

ԶĽֵϣһȺΧʲô

ĵطɹȥһȻһȥ10ҵСŮڵ衣

СС輼ͷǳտĿĻ̾

СﳤƯ

СŮСͻȻ

 




79.  Ϣ    к𣿡

к𣿡ʡ

С ǵ, аŮװͯڵسΪǡ

ҲǣŮԶֻ¶۾

ĿתΧ۵ȺһȺүǣĿĪСкϡ

ڷ⽨ѹ, ࡰءټ, 簵ͣĢ, ַʢ

ˣߡӰڡࡱߡڡ

Ƕ, Ϊ򵥡

ΧУ˿ʼͣǮ˹һԵհæǮҶ

Ɒϥģ, ڳĿͶôЦ

ûһСкѾһı, 

ÿ, ÿ

ȺͻȻðһ˻ͷȥ, ͨͨÿһ

һλż̴ӵ˽, ˷εĲü˸ӹϿȥҲȽϸߵ
Χ˱ϹϾ̬ȣѲµԷӦһλݵˡ

ǸߵСкǰ, ߸ϵش
ÿƣסСкͬ¿һ, ϸļڡ˳Сıһ·¡
һ͸¶֮ɫһԵİ

ǡǮ

һЦ𾴵Ĵˣʮҡ
˼ûԥǮ˴ˡ

СܲͷЩ֮ģûôСð˳

㲻ԸСӵ켣

Ϊʲô

СΪԺ󣬻ΪһλǳҪʷ

ҪʷȵĿĪСкԤ⵽ߺʷһʡ
ʵ ʲô֣

СаŰء

ǰŰأǸ½ͼѻģĴܵİŰأ

û뵽ʷϣ½ҵߣȻδǰССͯ

ʷֻ˳ᵽһΣҲǺ˽ⰢŰˡ

С㰴ϳŰأԪ1820꣬ʲɡ꣬˵ˣҲ˵ȱˡճĸ죬ĸȥʲɽͷ
Ϊģͷѧһտա

ʮʱ·˵صĺƺ£ͯ˺ƺ׶ٺ䱻ת͸ʱƺͳߣﺹ̴ӹ١

ڰŰ22ʱﺹսܣŰͶһλͳʲԼòͬĸ׸ԷȡһССĹְʼ̤ġ

1860ңŰԼƾʮͳΪһ ʱովڶѻƬս̫ƽ˶¸ʻر¼У˼½

1864갢Ű׼½ʱ뽮ʷưŰ֮ҡ

1877꣬ŰʧȥĪ

˰ŰصһȻԻ˵һߡɲòϣľʷϻǷǳټģҲһۡ

ҳϣòȡˣеĻԶȿΣա
վڳǽϣСкԶȥʧڵƽߡ

ʱ䣬Ѱ©ﺣʱ߲ɱһЩϵﺣҲûֹϾеҲҪ˴ȥǡ

ȻϻƤǶѸٸõ˵ᴫˡ

һ̨ɹ̫Щ꣬һֱڷȥڹﺣĵ⣬ǲôˣҪǻ񻯵ͷʹ

ﺣϢأȷڲСҲûʲôرõİ취ֻһЩܼ顣

Ҫʳݶ˿ķֲæᡣ

ɼʹˣһЩСΧϢصﺣҲûˡ
һЩĵطﺣ

Ҳǿǡ֧ƽ⡱ɡ

˺ļʮڣﺣļֵٱע͵ҲԽԽ١żҲǻУҪǲ׽ϻ̡

ϾڳгЩɲˡ

ֱһ죬Űؿʼ½ľڣո֣һλĴˡ

֮λΪĴǰ߸кøУƷ빦˽£˶ʵ顣

λ£ͼʼˡ

ʱʱ¸ܶפȪ

⻨׵뽮ʱս׼

Ĳʹո½ʷһλΰĵӢۡ

ʡˣµҲǿ˷·;òȵ⣬ʤе֪

Ҳʫ䣺

󽫳δӵɽ
ǧôء


ʵÿǳĲ̣ûгͻǲѪġڳĦһҲûټˡ

ڴ̵ʱڻ𲻳ۣȼɭ֣

˵̣͵Ա߶š

磬һΣΪһУ˼ҵĽ档

ؼǴ̵ĵطһƬɭ֣ǵͷŲﺣ

ۿĴɣڿпŶ켱ˡ

Ȼֵȼɭ֡ϵķҲֱƣԭ֮Ҳ˻˻

Ķ±ڣϣܶ㿪ɡ

ðű¹ɵķգһӡǿĳʼƷľӲһסƬɭ֡

̿ɣԹ

ʱ䣬շ½ʤ顣

ҪססˣԼҪסɭҲסˡ

һֱ˽ꡣȵʮһͣﺣĴڱ뱣ľﺣҲ϶

ϵͳʾ

ΣBﺣɣɳ̶A

۾ľǰɫ컨壬һȺүǣ˷ĺ

ļ䣬Ӱھ޴󣬼ʹ䴢ԺҲ˺һʶŻعԭ塣

Сܲܿһ±ʩûΡ

ע⵽ĺƣ˸šɲôö֮ģ¶Լԡ

ãιܣԼŹܡ

εĽͬ

οһӽǻ
ӲȻ
Ϣػ򡣡

һ򣬿ӵиӹӽǣʹڱܿ

ڶӹͷӲȡ

Ͳ̫ˣʲôã

ֻʵСϢʲô

С ϢأϢصĴڣзǳרһԡ磺ʳС̼ơơ/ȷ涼á

һεϢصۺԵģҲ˵ںԺԷڸϢԴﵽԼĿء

ȻҲ һֻʹһϢأҴڸߺܵĴڣһҪٵ

㽫ϢڱϣҲֻ죬֮ʧ

Ѿȫˣ̫ʵˡ̾ܿ췢һä㣬ʵ

Ϣػ᲻ᱻ

СᣬϢһ뿪¶Ȳ˾ͻҷֽ⡣

ҲʶõһʲôĴڡر鲼ļֱһϢĴɱ

ܸɣ

ԼϣʹƺߣС£һ˸

ҵĻǰֵҹ࣬ҲǺӰͷ£ˡ

ȵڶһ磬ͬ˪ӣеɶǷǳķԸ

ӵɷ飬ŶϴоǳͣϿΡ

һڵӦҪת͸ļˡ




80.  С죬       һȺ

һȺĴ , ˳͸ļࡣ

ʱϣеˣѾ׼˯ˡΪʮһᣬ˼ , ֮һ, Ǳµᡣ

һ㶼֮ǰķԱ, ͷ֮пȱĴλ

һµֵһᡣ

ǵз˼, ģȻرÿҲɰӱͷ

Щû˵仰;, ͷűǸֵˡ

104, , ǵˡ

ƿţصĲŷ֨ѽһҽСķԱ׷̧ͷ, ĿͶ

ȫͳһ˯, ڴϻɡԡ

λķԱԺҪúദðûУŵϺݺݵô˼¡

, òط˿ٽŵ֣Ӧ

֪ˣ

صͷǰŬŬ°, ߵ˵

ȥɣǵϨǰ̺ô

˵꣬ˡ

һΨΨŵŵķ˼һλ

ҲûнԼıʲôģẉֽ̂ض䱻ӡ

ķ˼Ҳʼ̵̴

ֻһеվķ˼ļʵ

ֵܣǷʲôﱻؽģ˼ꣿ

˼صͷѣǹһʮꡣ

ûɣӾȵ

˼æҡͷҪģǱ˱ҵģ˵ҲǸѣҪҵȡ

˸ѣʮ꣬Ӹ˸Ůѧ꣡Цˣ

˷·ʲôЦЦڳ˶

Ц֮漴Ŀת̵ʵ

λֵܣǷʲô±ؽģ

ĴҲպˣڴϣŶԷ˵

ϴǮ

ӴǾ÷˵

ڽ֮ǰ˽÷ڼǲġϾܴɾ÷ˣҪôǮˣҪôǴˡ

˵ʲôǿ/鷸ڼ汻ǲֵģϾ㲻ָһȺﷸ塣

˵ҪСݵġ

Ǹӣҽܵҽг㣬ʲô֣

Ʋ˶Էһۣûд£űӾ˯ˡ

¶Էεվԭأң̾ϨˣŰ˯

ڶһ磬7ӣ𡣾ѵˣѸ𴲵ʼڲٳϣ㲥١

緹󣬴һȥҳǵһνĵطһŵˮϣһаɫķһ

˱ϵһ𣬿ʼķԱʹ÷һ

ֻһ׳ţĹͷ磬ߣӣ¶Ұ׻

һϴߡȴƽ͵ģؽһĸλ

λǿˡߵĶģװĵĶǡװú󣬰ߴ￨һͿˣ

ȻϸӣѷһµΣ߹ԺأͿԲˡ 

Ų̤壬ŷһٶȡ˾塣

ûãͷǼ·Žܣ

ע⵽·ӣȽϻһƷװ

翴񣬺á

˵Щ˿ҪúøɣĺˣнʱԳԷӼȣ취ƻʳɻŬģǮãȻ࣬һ¶ʮ顣

ǰչͷ̵Ĳ裬ʼȷһ

ƾ賬ǿļԼ׼ļ֮ӱ

ѧĴ磬˿·صͷ

ǳ츳Ʒɡ

ϸڣͱȥ˾Ʒ顣˼壬νľƷ飬ǸһЩϲķװ

ͷҲ̧ľƷǣһٶȶ˲Ӱʱ̸оҪðˡ

ҲѧٶȲѷɫЩ֡
ȷһ˳Էϲһֱһ죬׼ʱ°ࡣ

͸ļĵһ죬ȥˡڶѭ

ΪıֲףϾͼ˲ͣһཱུĴȡԱߵ۲ĲС

ĻʳȻųƸɾڻĲܺóԺúȵعһȺﷸ
ε˵߻֬Σڼһ꣬ɶëûˡ

ڶҹðԽ˯ͻȻоԼĴ

һգֻۣ֮ǰǸгģѸǯס֣ҪѹϣϥǣԷ˵

㲻¼ĵ

ĵЦ

ʲôĵҲҹģֻҪ̫Ҳܵġ˵Ұְ˲ǮҲһֻۣһֻۡ

ĻҲЦˣ

Ӧòֹǿ/ô򵥵  

΢һѿ˶Էǯؿס˶Է

㣺Բۣ㾢ͦ󰡣

ûע⵽ֳƣͻȻֱһ͸Һ塣Ѹײڶ֮ƣĨ˶Էĺ󾱲ӡ

ֻݵһʲôԼƤ

ԼĿشɣڰеһЦԷһȥ

ڳֻ㲻ʱס˼ûˤˣϥǹǺݺݵĿ̵Ľߡ

ĵʹ϶´

̵ķ˼ϾͱˣŶԼߵİĳ㣬֪롣

ʲôݺݵصһۣ

ڷ˼ηηغʱǼŵһֵζ

ô죬һȡǷ˼ʧȥʶǰӵеĸо

̵ջ֣ոշڵϢ˻ȥ

ɻ ôԤ֮еûг֣ѲbugˣԼڴϢأ

ɻʱ̴˶ֻŭ𵽣

TMİ ˾ҧ

Ӱۡߣװ̽ͷȥƾҹֻ˼ʱͬһͷǣ˵ϣ·Ҫһ㣬һĳ۵Ŀȡ

ûע⵽ˣҲ·ᵽζ۷䣬ȫվΧȥ

һĻʵ

СҲǷڵϢΪʲôҪһ

СΪڵǷϢأһֳġ

꣬Ϊеĳ㣬Ĭ룬Ҳ룬ٶˡ

˿̵ļԭλֵ࣬һλΪӣֻƵڣҹȥҽҵˮˡ

ʣµλԭŬضĻڻϣǰѵ״̬Ͼô̫꣬ȫһʶûз

ȫС죬ڼİ칫

Ըûע⵽顣

ѾڣȫǱЩ˸˺ġϣ϶ӡ˺üʺҧۡ

ӳᣬţһ㣬ƵñЩ衱˸ֲ̻̫ˣ̫ʹˣӰɥʬһ

ڻ˵̫磬ֶ̫࣬׳ӣۿһ㱻ײɡ

æú󱳵סߺ

û˰Ұ

Ҫһ˶ˣȫϢӰ졣

һʱ䣬ÿһź󶼿ʼ˱Ϊײҡҡ׹

ˣôˣǷ˲ɡûа취ֻܼߺ

˯ڿĵϡʹһ̧ͷ˫Ļ

˲ѣԺðһ뷨

ˣСûˣ




81.  ؽ     ҹ

ҹ, ͷ˯֮У֪淢ʲô¡

ֱӱק˳

ιʲô°ӹ绰, ŹǷʵ

ֻ绰ͷ, һŵ

, ˣǼ屩ˣڳţ

һ仰ֱӳ˼˯, ԼһƣԼǲΡ
۰Ρ
ŭʲôĸ˸ұ㳶ʲôأ

ģЩ˸һȫڳšӰﲻۡɥʬȥŶҪײˡ

˵ôȥά򡣡

ԷæҵȻ˽ȥ, ǡ

һͣ٣ֱӰѼᵽɤ, 

ôˣ˵ѽ

ɽȥˡ֪ô, ر񡣼ͷʾǵ˽ȥԺҲڲ뱩/ң

ˡ, , Ҫǳʲô飬ҵ³ù

ô죿

Ƭ̣Ը

ȲҪ˵, طŴãǿԽֱ͡ӿǹУ

ǣ

켣ڻҵȺУżǰķ, 벻ͳͳʧȥǡ

˶ȵĿ⣬ͶѾֲѵĳ㡣

һͷΧҰޣϲ죬벻˵ءֻþȫ˵Χԡ

㿴ľ춼Լָϱˡֻʹ̵ľƿ֮Уӵһŷϡ

ڿ־֮УǱһƷһܣǰ¹Сʡʲôͳͳϡ

ҲţϢظССĿռ

ʧȥռĸλԱҲػعǡ

Ҹոոʲô

ǻعԺ󣬵һӦǣԼ֮ǰô£͸аһ

в˶ֱϸ磬һ뵽Լһˣ˾ҵķӦǸòˣɫ͸һֻӬһѿ

Ѳͷˣĸ

֮ϣ֮ʱ

Ѿ˽ȥһ׼һߺ

𶯣־ǽ£

˼״ֻܹԹԵؾ֣ǽǰ˶ءҲװģظŴҶһ

һأǸͷµļһ

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ǸͷţϷеҳ

˵ǲһЩӡ̬

ͷﲻüͷСʣ

СȻϢأʲôİ취𣿡

ΪʲôҪ۸ˡ

Ҫǽʵֵ̫ˡһǼһﱻȰƽϾҪףʱҲҴ鷳

Сรǻ򵥣ֱӷƵϢؾͿˡ

һнİ취˸⡣
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ģűˡǱĳ˳һųֵĻϢء

ڣֿʼоˡ
ʱͻȻ˳ȥĲһĭ

㣬ôҶ˯þ˼ͬ־ҹϢǼӰࡣôôʡġ

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һԵԽ޴ҵһĻе㲻̳Сȶһţ

Сʲô£ֵβǡ

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㱻ǴˣҲûš

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Աֻжӿʼܲ˶ӲͷƤˡ

һֱٱţٶһʼϲ£أ˿ʼ֧ƾ賬ǿɹ˦

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ͻʮӣʮȦ

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΢΢Ŵ˵:

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ǡ

ˣҸԭ鲻ôϱôŹֵ¼Լţ
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ͷ߶ֽĻϸ磬ʵ

ʲôģ

û뵽һʣɰѶԷסˡ




82.  Ͷֵ     ǲ˵

ǲ˵ʲôŻСĵѯʵ

۴һ̾, Ŀƺڻʲô

Сӣ֪˼԰𣿡

֪ǸŶĵطôˣ㡭, ץİɣһȵ˵

ʲôأٵĴ𣿡

һ¶ԷĴ󻨱, , ġȥҡҡͷ

ǲͶˣҵŶˡ

Ŷ, ǵĹģ

أ洫գô᣿ֻŶ⡣ٴǿ

ˣǵү

ҲǵүôӴҶ֪˵ʲôҲǵүѽҵ·

֮, һС·ˣֻ², ·졣

һССĲ, ϸزķߣһС˵ԼĹ£

뵱, Һôʱ, Ҳʮ˴Ŀĸ￪ŵʱҸǳȥ򹤣Ϊݣ۸
û취, ҾͳԼһ׳ϵĴ翴У¹˼ʮ֡Ȼ, ɨڳϴ˾ӣͽ̰Ҳɢˡ

糶һߣ²ļ˵ȥ

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ҲûʲôѧʱӽˮѧűȥȥӦƸԱʲôģһ⻨ۣͲҪˡ
ôȥˣҰ׻Ҳҷè

˵ֱֻ꣬©һȻ֮ǰûע⵽ЩϸڣԷ˵Ĳ١

渵

һʦһר˼԰֣ššӴû˵

һµĻƲӲӡﭹͭһڡܱһѱսͭһ˶
ʦûӣͽܣҲҡ˼գҾﵥˡ

˭֪һοۣӥ˼ȸƭƭȥˡûס˶ʮꡣ

ϸвɵĸ̬̾˵

磬ȻգûпǹӪ

磺ʲôӪղٺŪ𣿡

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磬ȥεһЩƷȥѧȥӰҵʦ֮ġ

СϷܹ˹𣿡һɻ

ģƭ㣡һѲߵһ˵㶼˼԰ȥĺŪһȺУרҵ˲ųȥǶڽά

˵ԭôһ磬Ȼ

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мؿ˵

лˣֵܣ̫ллˡ֮ǰã̡ٹظͿˡʱԷ

һֱǽͷӶĸʲôأɻ

С ǣ

ϸֻܰأŲȷһ
ֻյ춯мϵѲ

ζӣһֱѭһ¡

ԣԴϴǸϢɧҺѲߵĴˡ

ÿŶˣѲŻ㣺һţԼһźľš
ҹҲˡ
ͲװѴ

ڳ㣬Ҳûкת٣һɵɵģ

һ죬һ㣬ŷһ
ͻȻһûм⼸λԱ˳ȥ

ţԼʱûʲôΥְɣ

ʵʵظ˳ȥ

Ҳע⵽ͬԼһ𱻽гĻ䣬ʮˡȥǼʱ֡
˸뿪˷ҳ䣬ת˼䣬һƽʱûʲô˵ĳ䡣

˿̣м󿨳ͣж

ָų˵ȥжɣ

հ죬ϵĶǲҲһɫţƤֽŵķ顣

һ飬һ£оͦġζʮѧѲ³Ӧֽš

Ķʮжһ졣ֽǺصĴڣһ˸оԼֶ׹ˡ

°ǰǽѵ

Ϊ˽һµĹǽɡ

˵꣬ʹ˽ȥˡ

ͬڷҳĲζͷһīˮĳζлʱ乤Ȼζ

ųӡˢȻԭһӡˢ䣡

ųţ

ǽйΪ£ǶǷԱ˵ѧˡ
ոжĻǽĳʡĸ߿Ծ԰ǽйҲΪ˷㹤Ľչ
ʱҪ߿ԾӡˢҲȫ̶ڡ

ǧ˼룬ûϵȻǸ߿ԾǸغǧѧδĸ߿Ծ

˵۹ҲȽ𾪡

ֲֵ˵

ǾãҪ֤߿Ŀй¶еطȼȫ𣿡

˵ͷ˵ҲǣеطôͶҲͨй¶ĿģҲͼˡ

ڶϰʱһ˱¼һ飬ûЯΥĵװ

ϣǽȥ䡣

ѾؼԱȺʱ̵βμɹԼˡ

Щ˶ѧĺܿ죬⹤ζ˲
ʱзõչˣ˲͡

ӡˢĹУע⵽Լӡˢۡ

˼ۣѸټĿеĿȥ֮ǰĸ߿еơ

Ϊ˲ȫעأעԾ

ΪڻҪһ飬ԣ˻٣мûӡλġߣһɫӡˢ

ΪˣʮǮ 

ʱţµĹԾȫӡˢװϡ

ԼͶɹߣҶôЩˡ
˵˵ļֵͶֵ⻹û˵

ЩߵԾԺ󽫳Ϊѧ塣ЩԱҲǼΪ˵㹱ףǷ

ӡˢӭµ顣

һҷĻŲ֯һЩͷйƷҪҪᣬֽе

Ȼֱѡˡ

һƣʦϸС֯ǼܡúֽͼɹһƣͽëǮ
ϸȻûн

ϸµС֫鶯йٳȺֱСơ

˶һ죬ʮƣǮ
һʮϵȵ֡
ȻһֻĿǮڲȷһ˵һ²Ǯ˵ⶼǸнˡ

Ͼֲ׬Ǯģ๫˾ҵǿ˼Ͷ۸񼸺Ϊ㣬Żġ

ȻҲǷǳϸûŮˣҲûе豸ΨһĵӻҲǫ̂زš

һǼԼƵҪǶԷ˽˼ġýָͷ붼֪ǲʲôֵġ
αƵģЩȻ͹ʲôأ׬Ǯ֣ôõ顣

˵ǲȫֹģ̫඼οһȺˡ

տʼʱ򣬻ᱻѹֵĻʱŪʧȥȻ//硣
˴ϴڿ㡣

Ӧ̫ǿʱһãȻˡ

ûʲôоϾѾķˡޡֲ

νèè·

ϢգһȺˣñӵżءＱطһŪԸ־ʱ

󲿷ε涼ˣʱҲΪù㣬˽취Ͷ

ֻҪ̫ĿŵҲһֻۡһֻۡ

֮ǰûչһƾɵĳ//ޣȫǴСȥҲ̶á

˱ץڡ

ûйǣ׼˯ϵͳͻȻ

Σ񣬡֮ΡȼAǷܣ

ܣ

漴ʶڰ




83.  ѽ     ãã޾ֺ

ãã޾ֺ֮, ŰɫеҶڵ⣬ֲﶼȿֺأԴ

Ψһ޴ľ£Ķֲ, ԡһЩ

İ, һȺڽܹĵͶ, γһɫϸߡ

ƾ΢Ĺâ۲죬ЩϵĸͷһҪˡ
ô

ɫҴҵ, ʳصضڵ֮£̸ͨڵĽ֯һϵĵ

ĵУһֻԶϵϺ, һȺΧš

ڣ󸹱㡣ȥǳš

ԭǷǳ, ΪѾ, ϺĩڡϢɿʧǶھصϺµŮ

ûŮĵ, ȺĹҲһϺ, ʧܣôȺѸٱ

ΪͷŮڹȥǳų䡣ֻҪµϺҪ취ɱԷ

ô, ټϳֻһֻϺ

ͻȻ䣬ùɻǣԭĺɽϺ, Ȼʻ

ʶһ򿪣ͿԼΧΧһȺϡһСССʵһ

ΧĻʶԼСˣϱˡ

ССαʲôʵ

ˣڱһֻӵϵϺ󡣡

Ϻ󡭡ҼǵûǸİɡҪС

ôֵֹû¡

СҪһ°ɡ

õģһεǱȴֵ
ȴ֣ռԼ߰ƽǧסǵȴ֣Լռȴֵһ룬ȫɭİٷ֮ʮ
ͬʱҲȫĵʹִзǳĶֲûбֺҪﱦ⡣Ϊ֮κɫࡣ

20ͣ塢ʮΪȫ״ںƽȶΪѸٷչʱڡ
˿ڷɿﵽسޡ˰˲òѻĵأԭʼİ취֡Ƶ˴Ƭɭ֣ľסũҵõء
ڴ֮ǰ1900ԭʼ䣬ֳ𣬼ҽҩ֪ʶ֮ʧ

һΣҪǱԭʼ壬ͬʱֹĹ١

СĽܣ

Ҳ˵ǿһ֣ǲûнƣ

ǵģҲҪ֤һַչȨ

ˡұϺĴʲôλ

ģƫ

ʱأ

19ĩ

ðɣһοһʲôɡ

עա

壬һεĽԿơ

Լֵͬ оԵĿ¸˷ǳԶɿӰƶԷ
ԽߵƵĳ̶ȾͻС

ǣɿԼʱĲٿء

һˣٶ ޴ֳǿʴҺٻճҺ֯г»ùߡԿơ

ͳʮ

Σε΢СĲȫĸʹá

ˣͷһϲ룬ʼϺϢǣԼ̧رĳʼ˻졣

ڶ죬ѿһֻ޴ϴ˳
һͷôںǿȥǳƻãɡ

ӸմӸʹлعŻ谵֣ԼԼССͬࡣ

˼һ£ֳƳһ壬̫Сϣɲɡ㸴Ƽ壬ȻǸֳȺ

ڵһոֳʱİĴһͷͻȻ˳˵ıϡ

һ£ֻоԼϷ죬ֶͬƬϡ

ĸؿ Էһֻ޴èƶǱӵģܼѷĴèӦþ޻ˡ

޻èƶʨӵо޴ͷȮݣҧèƶǿɶͷۼס

¼ƬʳĴè޻

Ȼ˲˽⣬ʵȿԽ޻ҲԽޱʵһġ

޻Ŀҧǣֻϧ滮˻ӣûݱˣûƼס

͵һ˦˦Լ̲źô޻㬵ûͷһۣβܽʧ

ȻӡзǳСȴѵõĴʿǿԾԼؼʮϰٱĶ

Ͼ;޴ĸ죬ڵоԼܾͷ󡣵ȻҲֻѣϾôôˡ

ӵϣһֱǵУᵽһ֡

ΪͱһҪ󣬸ҪģǶҧʱʹС

ʹʹȼУڵļ涣ҧУ۵Ĵڡҧ߻ŵ˵϶ҧ󣬾ӵ䴩һʹࡣ

Ծ֣ӵϡ

СһЩ䣬ӵϵ־ʹ
˵ںܾǰһβսУһȺˣĹУСĶӵϵĳѨϡ
žʹһԵüֵ뿪
ӵϴֻʹ࣬ͳΪಿк񡣡

꣬һԼǯԼβϵĶ̣˵

Ŀ־ʹࡣ

СˣڵͣĶӦǿʹһ˵ġ

˼صͷļ죬ֳϺ

һֻĴСвͬ
ǼֻķֳǳǿһԿԲöѣææӮ

Ϻ̫࣬ӵϷĳ֣ҲûټֳȥЩʱѾˡ

ں󣬵ȵѾ졣ʼһӵϣϺǨ뿪

һ·ϣȺ糱ˮ㣬˹ӿ˷ԼһϷ

ȷԼ壬ֻϺİ˸Χ
ʱһͿԽһӵϳǣ֤ȫλ

ʣµӵϣʼϷǨ㡣

ѷȴĶ֮һˮСϪܲ
ͨϺʶ۲쵽ССҲӵųǨ

Ϊ棬ǵĺټڸ˵ˮǷǳΣյģΪһСľˡ

ǲûа취ͨųһţ񸡱һɺӡ֦֮ǣߴţԽĸϺȺŪľͷɺӡ˵൱ɹĴڡ

ΪϺһ⣬Ҫӡ

Ϊ󣬳ȵĺУˮ²˷ǳΣա

о̸ɭš

һЩȻ¼Ƭ棬㶼

ֻ޻ɭʳĿơ

ĵ޵ĶȵȶƳԱǵı־U͵ͣҵĳݻϲ¶ȻҲпܴ֣ȥе¶³ݵ΢Ц

ڱȽ࣬Ҿڼ¼Ƭ￴޻ɭšˮ̡ʳĻϾǿ

壬ܳ׳ĺڿ϶;ġ

Ҳŵ㣬ǾǷֳǿʹȽϲ˼İȻռ˷ǳΧ

ӵĵʳߣӵģɶʲôƲ硣ƵˮУҲҵɭš޴ĺڿڵˮлţ衣

ȻԼ󣬻ѾûʲôκԼЩСôأ

գһ취һţ

һ϶̵ĺӶΣȻʱ䡣жľͷ֯ãȻɵ԰һ׸ߵĿš

С˳ʱȥίϺһ

ʶȫ̹Ħ𺳡




84.  ŷʸ    ġ

Ϻ, պ˵Ⱥս

ʮֵĲ̣ԭʼıҰԡ
ΪֻϺ̳Խع۲쵽ⳡս

ïܵĴƤ, ȴ˵, ͬ, ϢشС

ڳ棬ѾޱӦĻ
Ҫλ˵Σطŵ, ±ֲıԵˡˡ

ٴ󣬶һ

ʵǨк֤ܶݣ֤޵϶ڶǡ˵, ǵսܵĶǲĺ

ΪЩ˵һ·, ޶, İϿޡ

ҲΪʲô, ݲ˹ˣ, ˵ԼʲôԴһ㡣ΪڻĶʡȷһҪɽ

Ȼ͹ҶֳԼĺᣬʵϺо

֣ݲ˹޺Ĵ󲿷ֺ, ϶ûкɽĳɷ֣벿ֽʡˣӵĳɷ֡

˵, ѾʷС

սôʼģѾ޴ӵ֪ ֻ֪ķľìڿͶ

һʱѪȷ磬ҽߺ˷еѪζƮԶ

ⳡԭʼҰսһȫʤ

ΪʤߣȨ֧ʧߡ
սܲӣͷӤͳͳɱ곤ʧȥŮԣҲһ

⻹ֲģ֣ЩԭʼȻʳˣ

ǰ׵кƳԵˣͺͳԵһͷһûҲûи

һԸŮԣٱľһֱһ

ǸŮӾûеʹػ󼸷ӡ

ʬҲܿ챻ʳˡ

Ȼ⻹ͷϷ鷢չϡ
ʤǳԵʧߺѡԭʼ档Ȼ󣬿ߵͷ­

ҪԴͷսƷ

ھһĪ赸Щͷ­һֶ

ǰͷŵ͸̳֮Ϳ֯ͷǣֻһƤ⡣

Ȼ󣬽պʯͷУ֬ٷŻعóʯ顣

Ĺ򣬷üԺͷͻԽԽС깤һ˵ͷȥͺһȭͷô

β򣬾ľǩеĿӣ磺͡ӡ۾ΪЩţֻܽߵ꣬Զӡͷ档

ˣԼСʱڿƽ̽Ŀͷ塣
ªϰʧʱֳȿֺذЩСͷղƷ

̣ʹҲɸоһķë

ֿ־飬ֻԭʼֵıɽһǡ

ϺʶԼ·;

ڣԺСǶָķ򣬿ʼΪ˷ֳһϺ

ԼǷ棬ȥ鿴

ʱޣʵѾֳ߹ϷֹˡʱѾ߰ʮ꣬۹ոշϳūƲá

ϷΪͨȸԣ˿Ҳв١

ֱԵش鿴ʱֲ԰

һȺ԰ڸɻ˵

֪ϰ˵Ҫµ԰

Ժ󣬿ܾͲһɻˡ

԰ˣʲôϵʱǵ㹤ʣҧ˵ҽҩѶ

ôô룬٣ڻлɡˣϰҪ½һ԰

ĵطкܶ󡣡

ҼǵǸطϰ壬򵽹һǳ㣬ˡ

ȥˣ

ȥһЩͨĻҳǿеĺֲȤ

ӡ־Ǽ¼Ƭȴȴųˮɭֲ֡

С˵

СΪʲôģܲǺɫİɣ

СȻǣָȴȴܺϲԳˮͣԺֲΪĳ̹ľľɵĳ̲ʪľȺ䡣

ɵְݱٱԲŽк֡½뺣󽻽̲Ϳǳ̲½ȵ̬ϵͳ

ԭˡ

ٵط֣һô֮ϣ˿˳ʱ򡣺ֵµ̲Ϳ¶˳㡢ϺзǳˮУһȺ˱Źڿٵļʰš

ְ˽ŵɨʱһͻȻһҽУԭһ޴䲻ش˳ҧסȡ

Ҫʱ

žһǹ죬Դ˻

û°ɡһӾڲԶϣ¸ոտ۶ǹѯʵ

ʹİţһԵæķΧ˳忪ǹӵ

ϰ壬ȹƶˣ

Ӱǹ𵽼棬˹˵

죬Ϣɣٳ

ллϰ壡

˰˵Ĺ˼ˣǸӣߵĿǰ
ȻҲǺƷ֣Ƭ̺󣬿ʼˣһ̧ߡսƷ

ϳ̾ôһֻ㡣
Сȡ˻˵

һˮ峤6.7סԡ

 ж϶ǴƱ۴󣡡

Сǵģ֮ģ೤ףеĿԳףߵĺüҲˣдձǿ

ȻҲ⣬۾߾۱ȴƴ󡣿ǵĹϵһ࣬һ࣬Կǽд۲ĵµġ

鶯ձǿڴԣ޶硪๷ִǿĲ鶯Ҳ
˵ģĲͬɡ

˽⵽֪ʶͷʼˮϡ

ںˮ棬Զľִ㡣
ǵ㼣鲼طǷǳĽɫԳס

ʷϣйˮķֲʷϣΰ˴֮һĺϳݡ

ڵңϰձšţ顣ͬʱ

дΣ㣬оˮֵ

˵غĿϰմѡǾٰ˼ڣдˡġ

ƬɢģͨȰ㣬ǰ˵ءúĹ۵㿴ǷǳɵΪ

ȻҲһЩʵµģ֮ĶնȡʳҲƾЩɱһ㡣
վǱˮн

ǣƺġġãȻһԺӵʧˡ

һӣϰնΪǺдˡġŸߵĺޣ׷Ϊ
Ҳһֱ

þںʮԺ־

һλͬᳱݵĹԱԣպþ»ˮˡ
ʲôֻ棬ͳͳ뺣ס˼һ

רҵʿԵ±仯ļ⡣
պ÷֣820ңص¶ƽˮƽ819꣬Ǵﵽʷϵ͡

ԣһƪġߵˮǺպø轵ʱΣˮǲòǨѡ

λԣûôˡʱ»ˮ»

ͬˮĴ˵һȴǷڽġ˵

˵1945꣬е޺鿪սԼ1000վ
һϣЩˮȺĹž20
飬һվ¼ռУҲŴˮҲͱƺΪʳ

ζؿЩϣԶ뿪Ⱥ룬Ƭס°ɡ

ϣˮյӰ죬Ѿȴ˼㡣

¹£̲ͿϵĶǲſʼԾ
ٵзźǧ˿¶Ե

ؿԼ֦µзͻȻһ˿ȤζצӰȥ

з죬Ī͵ǲ٣

˼Ҳû˼һûʲôзЪš

ϢǰʶϵһİֻϺ

ڶ峿ӵߵʼԴطȥ




85.  벻     

, ǹǾľͷ
ʱķľУԴͳ⡢ͷΪ

ڶʮԺ1926귢ġ

ֻվ̲֮, һ, ִ, ʼȻĹ

Զֲ԰һ๤Źǡ

һ鹤ˣ㿪ʱ

ͻȻֻ, ðһ̱ǵİ ǣˣ

ɵˣһһؾ⣬

ô£

Ҳ֪

Զļ๤龰ֵ˹

ҵϵ۰, ڸʲôأΪʲô㹤

æ͵ǵģǾͻȻˣ

ʲôЦ, ϸռ¾⣡ôܡ

๤һ, ȻѾ룬ʣµĻ˺ɻ˵

԰, ϼʱǺõġ

ͬʱ, طĹҲֵƵ
ǾӶϳڣǸͷͻȻҵϡ

һĻ˲Զֲ԰ٵ˹ʵ

ô£

˶Χ˹, ĪٻĹߣ̯ơһӣֲ԰Ҳɻ, ʱŭ

ǲǲɻԹƻߣ

ϰ⣬˲ޱԩ׷ؿʼ˵

ʱһԵļ๤ͺһĿƬ̡֣һϰϣ

ϰ嶼ˣعŭˣ

ˣ

žһİ𣬳һѻȸ

ҿֲ԰

Ҫ췴

๤᣺ϰ壬ĲҸɵģҺƲסԼˣҵֶˡ

ֻ๤־ŵֲ԰ˡ
һСģһƨɶգǱʱʧ˵ڵϡŪŢҲ

ģ㱻ˣҪ㣡ֲ԰˲ŭ

ͻȻеļҲ֣Լ˵ϡ

ʱ䣬һĶƬ̲Ϳ

˻սһ

ԭӦóΪľ̲Ϳأ˿̱ˤӳ
ʮӺ󣬾ƣߵˣŴЪһϡϵ࣬۾ˡ

ȻҲ˶ɵӣܿ˺֪ɣ

⵽ô£ҺúõģôͻͻȻأ

Ҳ֪ͺиǣҵһҿƲסԼ֣

Ҳǡ

ᡭɭ棬סſ˵Ķħɣ

ҪϹ˵

ģô͸ոշ飿

˻һ˶֮ǰǵĴ򶷣ΧĶϱˣԭֵĺֱüž

ȷ紵ĵ׷ë֪˭ͷʱĵطֱȥ˶Ҫر

 סſ֦ϣЩȥ

ڶ죬мĹ˲аϰ尴ŵͬ飬һӣںжħ飬ڵֵ÷з

ֲ԰ħŶԷʥȻʥˮ

ȻܵһֹȻ΢СȷǸʦħʽġ

С

ոǹֵʲô

Сǰ֮ǰ͹Ĳͬչ򡣱ߵǿƼ·ӣȻߵѧķ
ߣСڣΪߵҪϸֻ˵·

 Ҳ˵Ĵڿ

СǵģͳϵǵƲ⣬Ӧ弶ϵ塣ĿǰʽɲصģӰʲô

ǿϴ˵е

Сûܣ㲻õģĿǰ׶εĵ򣬿ɹһĴڡ˵ǵķչ򶼲һһ㲻𽻼ͻ

ԭˡСͻȻԣǲڲͬ



ԭոħ񸸣ɻûһܵʲôħĴڡ

ħ׼ʰˣͻȻоԼֱһ飬ȻԼʹض

ʵһæʥֹܿĸоʹֱȥˡ

ȻǿϵͳڳԺûж֣һСģϵô죿ǽ㣬Ҫ鷳ĺá

񸸱ôһŪ˲亹乣æʰͿˡ

ֲ԰ˣɴƬط˵ǰи˸̲ͿأҲʺ𽺡

Щ۲ĺľɣطҲࡣ

ֳ˼ֻϺ󡣼ʱ䣬ӵϵȺӣѾһǳֲĵز

ˣͼԽɭֽߣͻܵӵϵĹְ취ϡ

һʼҩ֮ķôӵϣڴ˷֮¡

ЩϺ;޴̫ûдӱϽȺ

ȫɱʱҲὫȺ˻ɭȵΪʱ»صɭֱԵ

˵нˣҽս

ȻҲСĺĳ̶ȣǾȻüֱͣ㽫ָ֮һ档

ϵͳĹߣȻɾΣˡ

ˮ飬ʹһҲҪŵ㣬οССһֻϣ·һ

ӵϵսУֲõأվƽ˼ʮס

ҲǷǳĳɹˡ

Ϻһֱػȴֵڵ˼ʮԺ

ĳһ죬ͻȻļУʱһʷˡ˿̵ȴֵսš

Щ꣬ڱϺ󣬳˱ɭ֣Ҫԭס

ϺҲעġ

һ죬ϺʶУһϵ߽Ұ

һˣȻΪʱսҡɿԿһλòӢӡ

//˼ߡսʿ޵ĸ/ż񡪡С

λв׼İӣСͻûѡݵѡ˱ԼĽ׼ΪһߣһΪĹսʿ

ǹŰ͸쵼ˣͶ˹ǸսѣһƯĺ԰һҡ

쵼ߵ뿪Űȥμӹս

ʷϵ20ʮԳƵϣһ/ɵ˼ȫЩĸ/ǣսʿҲʫˡ

ë//֮п˹а¡ޡ

ĸ/ ʷ̨

ͳʱͷʿҡԽ˶븾Ů˶ڵ/ / / /  /˶Լ߾ë/ /  ͼѧ˶ݱ

˲ִ֪˿УഺĻǵӿ

ΪഺһҪĻ⣬ǾǷ!  ͳġеġġ

Ȼǰഺ̻ഺʱΡ벻ҪȴʣʷչֵĹ⻪

Сһλΰ뿪Űͺ󣬲κιҳϣʧȥ˹ı

ʱʱƯһܵġ

ΪʷϣڲάǣսͶ˹ޣ֪ʲôԭ򣬲ûȥ

ĺѣʱѡͳ߶ࡤ£ҲǲԼŮȥҲûгɹ

С1967걻ʱʮꡣ

һսǸߡ

߶ࡤ£ҲƯķ߷¡ѾķɻڣԸ뿪ԼĸλѳְԼİ칫

ߵ󣬶ѪΪԼС

ҲǶȺеġӡɡ

λûиȥҲȥ

ֻͷ­֫屻ĵطΧһȦֹʳ⶯Ե

ڣڽ21Ժˡ

!A񣬡ȵ֮Ρ˳ɣɳ̶Aջ

ڴϵһ壬µ

1ŵ2ԣ3ȫ̡̬

ɻ

СǰҶ⣬ôȥô

С͵һڵڶߵ
Ҫʱ̿壬Ȼܣɱ塣

ˣ:һ̲𣿡

ǵģ

ǿʼɡ



ʱúܿ죬ڼܹ˰˸ˡеͷųȥˣеҲˡ

ϢգһµķҪˣ˶ҪȥٳΧۣǽʱһ

ȻһȺѹⲻȤɰŴһȥˡ




86.  ¶     Ĵ

Ĵ, ˲ٳ֮ϣ뼸ǰһսˣѧء

˸⣬¶, Ŀ֮, ܵ١

Ѻ, 󲿷ֶͷӣȻҲתˡһͷ̫Σգרռĵط

, ֻİ·˺Χ۵ϷԱʼߴߴڧ

һЩûоˣͨ죬оð

Щ, ٣ǵ岻ȤԹһʮʱ, ͣ˼롣
˷, Բۣһʵ˵ģ

Ƚͻأ, Ѫ˿, ȥ޹⡣΢ݣԵʮָ㲡

֪ΪΣȻ˵Уһ˿ڲͬ

˷!

Դ, ⡣ؽΣʲôɸ˵ģ
ⲻ£۲˼, ƿĿ⡣

˶뿪ȥˣҲŹڳˡ

صԺһۿŵŴһʱķԱӦûᲹ˰ɡ

ϴ׼һʱ̵ķ˼һ˾ֹܵ˽

ڳˣղһЦ

꣬ĸ

ֻѹķʽʵҲڰŵġϾʱʱ̶̿ţʲôʱļиһһ˵Уܽһɡ

ǵã˼˵Ĺϵϸ´ϵġ

죬˵һתѺһˡݴǱߵˣˡȥֻת롣

ʱһ顢һ飬۾׵øèƵġ

ʱ˶ʵ

ֵܣɶǷʲô±ؽģ

Ц

ҽ壬˵ΥС⣬ꡣ

ʲôⰡ˺

˸רѼӵ֡Ȼͱ˾ٱˡ֯/ 

ѽû뵽л˲šǲǺ׬Ǯ㿴ôҳȥԺҲǲҲԡ

Ʋһ˵ˣһʱ졣Ǹ˵

һУŮӵģҴ󲿷ֶСԡ

Ҷа



ֳĬƬ̣ûнӲ磬ת̴Ϳ̿ǽŵ˼˵

㡭㲻ǸסԨ𣿡

ɫ˵

㿴顷

ǰŶˣϴǮ˰ɡȻǰʵпƤĺúðС

ûϵԷһ򿪻ϻӣֹסˡ
һֱ˵ͣûûˡ

ⲻûһԷҲԸԼ˵㬵ر졣

Էϲˣ˼Ӻ󣬾ͰĿͶ̡
ԼպҲб̣˼ڴ

еʱҹ˾;һ
˼ˣôǾþ³Ķ֣ûñԵġ

ôܾܲͲܣͷˣ󲿷ֶطĹһġ
ǵۡԸرĸӡ
䵣ǣôȳԡ

뵽֮ǰսǱģٿţڷ˼ߣ˵ЦĿ꣬ʵ뵽һ顣

ճ˯ûþ̴ߺ

˰Ϊóǵͷϡ

ҲסߵˣŵһҽС

©ˣ



ʱĺܿ죬ķԱһλˣ֮ǰӡ

ԷƺҲʶԷ촽΢û˵ʲôֻܵ˺⡣

Լʶ˰ɣ

ӣǷǳɵĹȻҲûзѵ

ϣ˶˯ʱԼֲڱʼ˱̬ĵһܽ⡣
оԼֱһ̲壬˱ϡɲûˮһ͸ȥ棬еʷķʡ

С˵ܽԼȫԡֻ˿

һ𼣵ľ

ȻûԽ ϾһɲǴá
Լ֣ɾΣˣ»ᱻоزġ

ºһλˣҲˡ
֮ǰؽյĳ㣬Ϊ7С鿨˾״̬ˡ

ƺеֶΣ֪˹ϵȥһ¡

ʱȻ״̬Ҫúܶ࣬ҲһЩ϶˵⡣

һλԺҲûôˡ

ʱ䣬㶼ʵʵģǸˣһֱѲ

һ죬Ҳһʼȥʳó緹ֻǸˣųͻȻһ

æǰѯʣֻԷŻ˰죬ûŻʲô͵ǳθ⡣

Ҳע⵽˵ı֣ǵãڵʱס˶Է֡
ԷдֺͨģҲͨ

ԺԼļ䣬ҲǵãԼһ˰ʶ

ڹ۲˼ԺֻԼֱ⡣
˵ǼصļԷҲʹ

ڳʱ򣬳ŷ֪Էʲôûд
ͷɷֲּһȡ
Ƶļ˱ǣԱûʲôˮĲɫУԵøζ

ڴڵؽżȣڳ극ּȥһݷ

ڵǱȽҪģȻܲ빤ʱܹͨɹ̫йò

ɻǳԶֱӡ

ȻҲͨ³´лģȥ˶ƣ˲١
͸һ

Ƿҳһˣ˵ҪȥһطϹ

飬óʱ򡣳Ų˹

תͷ۶ԷֱֻԼ
һ죬ҡҡͷ˵

Ī

˵ģ̰һ亹

£֪ģ

ȶһ뵽ԷթԼҲ治ɫؿ˹һɻ˵

Ŷʲô飬ô֪

Цһѹ˵

ϣҼǵãĴȻųµġҲΪ㣬ֹŽ
ǰòϱĨʲôġ

Ļ

รȥٱҰЩ⡣

㡭һ죬һץİѱġҧгݵطºݻ

ڸأͻȻڲԶ

˵

٣ûʲô¡ѣڽѺõĽ̸

ת㣬һüëһƯϾƣ

öԷӶˡ

ϣڿƬ󣬴Ҷճȥϴ˯ˡ

Դ磬㱻ƺǼһһƨһĶ͸Ķ
һ˫۾´һһǼƣҪҳɡ
ֻϧ糣Ըˡ

ǰڱĴҵ֪ŹֵˣΪʲôô˯ˣƽʱҪһ˯ġ

ܿڱŻĶθôãҲ֪ȥҽҪ

ðݣ˯ԺʱͻȻȻһѪζǻ

͵ۣ




87.  γܲ   ֻۣ

, ֻѩ׵컨塣һΣӿͷоʲô˳

һƫͷͿһӰ˴ߣﻹһƷ

, Էݺݵ˹, Ⱥͷ, Ҫء
ǧһ֮ʣƫӣĹ״ǵһ, ľ

龰һȣڶԷؿںݺݵȥ
ؿһţ˲СԷȥԺ, ʱûȻ⵹ص, Ҳˡ

˷׷̽ͷ

ôˣʲôˣ

۽ʵʵڴϵġ, ƾҹֱܷ, ӦĳּӲľͷ

С, ʲôѯʵ

ǰ׼ľƸľҲиͷս, Ӳصľͷ֮һ

̾ѹô׾ľ塣

ľѾһ, Ҳ
ԴһεɧҺ󣬼ѾıԭķҹļԱ

ԣֱӾͷ飬ʱ˵Դء

̾ע⵽Զ̵ĳ㡣

˿̣ԼϣĿѣ죬һϰҪ㣬Ҫڴڵ޼¡
˫ֽԼĲӣʺѪҺͬϸָߣȾ¾ɫıӡ

ֲǣʱţȴֻܴѪҺĶ

ڴ壬֮ŵ÷С

˶ֵؿһĻϾûмﷸ˭£

ڵϵġ֡Էƺ

Ѿ쵽ˣɶ㿪˶Էٴι
ΧҲɵæȥְ˽ŵѺסǸˡ

ȫװšߣ˶˳ȥ

Ҳ֪Ǹ㻹ܻܲһ飬˶û˼˯ˡ

ΪʲôҪɱͨʲôõġЩ⣬ͬŭĻм

ٴδҹѣҴææظ˾һٱŭ

ôģôģأ˵ôģô꣬ûгֹصںˣˣ֪ܻܲҪˣǶҪģ

һƹѹڵ

Ѿص²ţڵˣҲȥ˾ҽԺ

ҡҡͷֳãˣĿ֤𣿡

УиķԱǵļؿƺҲ˵Ŀꡣ

أ

ˡ

̾ˣһ°ɡ

š



֮ǰĲʶ

ԾʣڶСϣҡҡͷ˵

ĲʶҲûм

òiһηĸ˵ѯʵ

ͳʲôϵ

ûʲôϵҷǰҲʶԷڷ̺ʶġʵ˵

ͳ㣬ƽû飿

ôܣһ㲻ߵĽΨһ˵ϻľ磬Ҳֻżѡ

˭Ϊµѯʵ

͸С

ϡ

˰СʱûʳʲôмֵĶĸ˵
֮ǰȷʶˣ˵ʲôìԹ

ߵĵ黹ûгҽԺǱϢʹˣѾ

ڱͽҽԺԺʧѪϢݿˡԭоȻĿܣҽ˼Сʱ֣½Ⱦ֢֡ɸ飬ȷȾHIV

ϵͳѾٽ̫󣬺ҽԸϾԼȾķ̫

֮ǰӴѪҺҽ뻤ʿѾְҵ¶ȥҩˡ

תȥȾרҽԺľȻϡ

Ϣνһδƽһ
ǰ˴࣬˴

Ҫǣ沢ûŲ鵽Щ

Ҫ֪Щ飬ɶҪҪġ
HIVȾļ֮ǰһմ޷⵽壬˵ùȥǴΣƷԽˡ

Ϊˣԭûٵͷˡ

ĵ飬ڵڶ˽
û뵽ǸʣʵͽĴϢȻΪ֤ʾˣȴһڱؿ

˳֤Ϣ²飬ҵʮǰ֤Ƭ

Ƭϵ˲ǴˣȻмƣϸԱȣǿԿó֤Ƭ

Ҳ˵пܣɱ˵ĴǼٵģ
ָ̾µ

˳ϣͨݵַȥѰ˻ڵھӡ

õĽȴǣھǷ׷ױʾ ǵʶĴֻм֮ѡ

ȻʱҲȥôˣھӵĻҲȫš

Ҳ˵ĿǸðƻ

ôĴȥˣ

ڹѺ˵Сͨϵͳȫ̹ע飬翴һֱֳ

Ѷ˵

ô㣬㣬Ĵȥˣ

Ǹʵͽӣʵ

ҲǴ˭ǣͬ־Ļɲ˵Ҷ˵ˣǸгĺǸģڼ۸ңҡҲġ

ѡĻ֪мأ˵ĻڶģļԸִȻÿѣ״ܽƻ

һЦ ͬ־Ĳ֪Ҫôǲң

漴ʵأھӣ˵ʮǰ򹤣ôĶ

Ҷ˵˺üˣѾͷ͸Ұˣ֪ȥĶˣ

ôЩ꣬ûҹһΣҲûϵһΣ

ùϵã˾ˡ

쿴һۼΪʲôǵ綼˵ø

εҡͷǲװ˿ģϾҲñ˿ԼЦ

֮ǰϵǿأ

ˡ

Ķģ

ܶ꣬ǲˣһ·С꣬Ӧ͵ˣ



һһ֮䣬Ҳˮ档

ȥͼĻҽ׵ĻԱȣϻе˵ָϡʵǰͲԭĴ

ôڵĴ˭Ĵȥ

㡢˵ѸھԺת

ͻȻһ֣˰ľ٣̿ʼϵǰһ𰸼ģ

Ҳǳǿ/ŮѧǸӡ

Ѹҵ˵ʱľ٣Ծڽϸع۲졣

һ

һεȡ飡ڣؼһˡ

걻ǿ/飬ɱŮѧǰѧϵŮ

ϵĴͽΪʲôԳ֮ǣҪɱˣ

ô飬ֹʲô£ΪʲôҲҪɱǷڵڶ˳λ֡

ǸʾǸŮĸգΰܣСʱ򣬾ĸŮʧˡ

һֱĸ׺ŮˡŮģĺÿһĴѧÿ껹ýѧѧУ˶ϲҲһֱ˳˳ˮ

ֻһ죬جҲˡ

һ˳㡣ھƣͷԷȵĳ;ԣŮЮֵƧǿ/  ˡ

ºΪǮʦԺΪ̷ꡣ

ٺ̽ŮɱĸҲ˹ȣûþȥˡ

콫ĸŮzĹ£ڴǰһ飬öԷ©




88.       խѶ

խѶ, ͷĵƣڳԱӰ

λľ٣һһϣϡ֤, ڽࡣ

ü, ڰɫ֮Сͳ˵

ǵ, ҲǴΰܡ

һʱ䣬ѶֻʣΰܴصĴ
Ӧ, ǱӦΰ̧ͷһ˫Ѫ˿͸¶ŷ۾ǰλ١

ʲôӦ˵Щǰľôǰӣѯʵ

ΰһ, ˵ 

ʱ򣬺Žһֱûк, Ҿ;ǶԷĴ, ȥҽҩûлϡǶʱ, һ

, ҽ֢֪ҵ⡣ʱûиҪ顣Խ֣ҾԽ

ֱһ, ˵ˣȷҵĺӡҸ˻ˣԭΪǼҪӾˣ˭뵽, үҲ

˵ͣЪһ£ƺɴڻ

һ¼һ׷ʣ

ǺΪʲôҪ뿪ĸŮðݣĴȥĶˣ

ΰܼ渵

һҺ˾ƣƲסšѪҽԺҽ˵ҪǮǮˡ
û취Ϊ˺ӣҾȥ͵㡣պҼǵ֮ǰǸиƽһʡס
Ҿͳ̫ɽǽȥˡһȦûˣڷӺԡ˶
ǸˣϴֱϲϵġҾڽſһ죬һ¡Ǹϴ裬ʮͣҵʱ͡

û˵ȥ˶ᷢʲô
̾ŭʵ

ǿ/

ǡС˵㣬һֱںۣҵʱ°ѱҾ졭ȻͲˡ

Ǵأټʡ

ΰ̧ͷһ£һ˵û뵽ôʱһ׼õʬ塣
Һͼϵİשź档߽ʱ򣬳ȥǵ˶¡һֱװ˽ȥҲͣ֡

ʮǰɱλٶЩ𾪡

ʬĶˣǼʡ

ǲ̫ˣʱѾˣΣֱĵϡֻȥѪˮϴˣǵ֤ʹ

ѣΪʲôҵûбʧ˿ڡȻѾʬ𼣣Ϊʲôðݣ

ָ

Ϊΰе֧֧ˡ

Ϊʲô˵

ҡƺ˹µǣΰܿǱ಻ȥˡ

ͻȻغޣɱҰɣǹҰɣҲ˵ѽ

龳ٶһۣϷʣ

Ϊʲô˵ʲô鲻˵в𣿡

ΰһʮˣ޵С˿־塣

ģǻᱣ֤İȫңʵҲΪȡһ¼̷

Ȼ˵Ǿ׻˵Ƕѡ

˵ʮǰͱôΣǲһġ

𣿡ΰСʵ

ʱʣľ״̬Ѿסˣֱӽȫг

õȷˣɱġҾһ˶ѣ

˭ɵģ㵱ʱͬ

ǵģˣһа룬һк硣ǿǸСãȻȥ硣ͽȥ

ɻôǲʲôѱϣ

ΰæͷ

ҵʱǿСĹǮ˵ҲǮҪôǵĻҪȻͰŸˡ

㵱ʱ˶٣

ʮ򡣡

ʮɲ١

ǵġΰܵͷҺ£ǵĻȥˡֳҪȥʬ壬ĺúڣ

Ϊʲôݣ

Ҳ˵ãҲҪҡ

پĿǰõϢеƺѾ⿪µɻΪʲôЩҪһݣ

ټѯʣ

ʮ꣬Ƕʲô

⡭ΰԥƬ̣ҧҧ˵ʵ飺

ǡ/Ҿ˽£ǰ˶
Щǻ֯һ˵˵

ʣµĻûٸ˵ȥ

һӣѵϵһ飬Ŀİ

˽£һɣѾϴϰˣϾ⣬ʵʡ˽¶Ļ

˵˵ô֯ûз֣

û뵽ᾯ仰ΰɫˣ

ǡǹȻһġ

ۿȫ̵ɻˣô£ΰܺһЩӦĸо

곤ľֹסˣѯʵ

㲻õģСᣬʶ࣬Щ飬ҲȻ˵ģ㾡ܰ඼˵

ģ

Ծշģǧȷ

ˣΰ˾˵

ǵϴ󣬺͡йϵô꣬һֱû˾ٱɹõʧٱҲ˽³ˡ

һ⻰λḻ곤̾￩һ¡ 

Ȼڹұأǣǣ޴İʱţ׵ˣºܻ

Ҫ˵漰ƶĶİʲô˶С

һУץ˭ץ˭ҲϷС˵ͷеġ

һҪĳȡ֤ҷ
ΰ˵ôͼˡ

Ϊʲôѡ㣬˶ʡ

ΰ  ΪҼ߽յģˣӼʲôԼ
ҺСʱүүͽ̹ŪЩһ̽ľ
ҵѧˣֵǰݹ̿ӣȻǾҡѰװõĶ/Ʒθǡ

˵ܶϸھͽͨˡ

ᾯٻȻ

Ŷԭַͨľİѹڼ㾭θ

ǵģٴˣûǿ/飬ûɱˡǱԩģǱңҲǾҪŪⱲӾֻԼŶѰ

ɱۻǱƵģ

⡭ɱǿ/Ůļһԭ˳ŵġһ뵽ΨһŮûˣҾɱɡ

ͻȻЩ˼ԼڼˣΣʶԷɱԼǾΣˡ

Ҳ˵ǵĿ꿩˵

ǵġΰܵͷ˵˳ҪСӵ

УΪЩǮĸԸðôʹ

ΰܲҵһЦȻǣҲ˵İ죬ҪҵֽţҪĻԺǾЩǮ

һԵᾯٵЩ˵Ļ㻹ţ

û취ΰ̯֣˫šһѡ𣿡

ðɣ飬ϸĵطһ顣



ڷȻȥϢʵϣһֱڲ²⣬˭ҪԼأ

ܲǸĪİɣԼûкʲôϵ

ңkinoţǸԱţ
˼ȥ׳̫ࡣв˶޲ϳǵˣɱԼĳ̶ȡ

ԷûгɹѱĿתСǡ

㵯

У˿ܻΣգ

СǴŻʲôʱ鿴

緹ʱ仹Сʱ

ҰѼشһ£ҵȻҪȥһˡ

ã

խĽʵ

𣿡

ػѾ޸ģڿɻˡ

ãһ˵ţԼ˸⡣

ǵð·ϡʼɣ




89.       խķ

խķ, ͽһСžһô󣬻غˡ
żرСƣʼܽԼ, ûһ, ͱһ̲״ɫ塣

ǵӰͷļ, ǽһȥ˳Сڡ

СǵðҰ;ļ, һ¡ʶ˵

õģϿʼ֡

𣿡

Ѿɡ

һ⻰ĵԭ塣

Ӻһǽ⡣ԼŴƵ壬һֽšɵø̾档

С, ·ң

ӹ·æϡ
´һ, ȷû˺˫һ, ͬһ֧ܹ֮յ, ɵԾǽͷû˿ͣ, 漴ȥһֻè㣬

ڼںԶĽ⣬Ҳ˵, Χһ·ûʲôˣҲû·ơʹżһӣҹ, Ҳ϶Ϩ˯ˡ

û˹˼ٶ죬ҪСʱһء

ɫ·ϣһӰԳ༫޵ٶȣš

ڱʹãôһԼϳ

ûãͽӽ˳У֮ģԽԽķƹ⡣

Сĵˣдҹ˻ǣ˿һԵľеȥ

УǸ̫ױ˷֡

һᣬϳٴ𳵹ֱӻؼҡ
ϾķʩϾɣȽƫƧϲ˿ڶס ǳʺڻ

תͷϳȥһӣŵһùζ·ϻɾɲԶĹζǺܴ󣬶ڵһ飬Թرˡ

ûйͣٵرĿĵء

賿ʱ֣ΧûʲôˣҲõı

ܹһվʱŵľ·æȥһƾɵĴ£ʵ

Сһ£ûʲôɣ

  飬ûκ⡣

˶ңԼϣסԼ
ּһñӣס˴󲿷ֵ
·
ͨһʱһӰתǴ˳ûüɲסһӽײڵء

ײ˲ҽһ

ʱ Ȼƾڵðײɲɡ

Բ𣬶Բ𣡡Ǹ

˰ɣϵظȥͶ̥أ

ײŮƨɣֵشӵ

һǰŮˣȥʮ꣬ݣȧ΢͹
ϵķ۵ףˢǽƵ һ޵Ĵ촽ѪΡ
ϴķǳԸУɫȹŲźɫĺߣмǺɫࡣ

ԭȥķһӣɢŷɫĹâ
вŮſڳ̡ǺҲǣڲԶϳվ

ڹ۲죬ŮҲʼǰĪļһ

ͦߣһñ¶һ룬ӡ컹°͵ǳͦ־ɫҲס

ϴһʽĴ£ͷӴģȴֵĸӿ㣬ȥм졣һ˫׵ĽŲڱĵ棬Ͳ

Сӣôżæŵĸʲô

Ůӵϰѵ̼ûֺݺݳһڡ

µǰһν˵
Լɣײˣ˵ôɣ

ϿҵصǸԲˣλ㣬ҲǹأмҪŻؼң鷳иɡ

ңô꣬ôûô˾Ůš

ٶȿڣŮ˱ķһֵˡһɵ˹٬ʵ

Сɧ/أ

ѽ磬ײңɶʾһ£ܣ˳Է̾͡

ʲôи˵С۾µһһһ˵

СӣĶˣײ˻⳥ܣ

Բ ԲʵЩ£òߣϣ⡭ҲûǮ

νǣСѲ Ǹֻܿͨ

ȻԷǲ׷Źˡ

Сӣҿ⴩ŴҲǮˣɣ򵥸ӪѾͿˡ

˵ţһָ

µһ٣

üͷһ򷢽лأһǧ

 ôȥ

ŹֵСӾȻҷ˼ˣӶݺݵ

ӴǣҶ죡ҲȥһƬҲҾ桭

һ˿ҲѾĥˣûôʱ䣬åġһƿˣӵͷȥ

û̫ܵ죬ױ˷

˼СһԲϾܣæ׷ȥܣ

׷У뿪˺һڵϹ
ųصĲŴǰһ˵İ

ɻ Сأܵñӻ졣

䣬ͻȻ䣬͸оԼĺһ

̧ͷֻһӰݶԾʧݶ

˳ͣһĲţ˽µı仯

ӽɳɳ룬ͬϫһ㱼ӿ
ûþͰ˰Χסˣʼſ
о°ģԾ

˵ͷһ˲ŵǣæĴ

ݶϵĲҽУĮûʲô顣Ϣأʱ죬ܵˡ

ͷ谭࣬ײˣһѡݶ·

һ˵Ұ俪ˡ

ϳӵ޴㣬ΧҲûʲô¥ãõı֡

ͬӰؼԱյطݶ֮䡣һֻŵĻɡ

ƺ·죬ܿͽӽ˻𳵹ɷС̼ҲԶˡ

Ӻվ˼Ŀյϣʼó̽⡣

־С̷ڼң㰲տҲӦȥѧУˣ֮ǰǾͶ˲ĴѧʱӦѧҲˡ

˿û¾ͺá׼ȥʱͻȻм¥ء

ϢǽţǼе˵

˵ͱ磬ΪʲôҪСӵļˣ

֪ǹǮҪŪǡ

ҪŪ

Ȼأ˵ˣǵϢȻһһʹߣֱӳϵŪСԺвСӡ

СӲǻмµҪ𣿡

ԺǲҪô

ܲ𣿵ⶼһǮ֣öٰ

ҲûãƱҾŻϼȥϴ̣֡

һУǻлͷ·𣿡

̣ĬƬ̡

˽εջ֣һһˣȷ϶Էûʶˡ
ҵ˼ӺһЩᣬȫᣬٴı£Ҳⲻ

Ӳֽд˼֣ǰ

ЩҲûϢһ£ֶ롣

룬Ϸһϣѵһֻ

򿪣Ҫ롣ԷֱָԼƺ̫Ū

ţ۲ʶ𣿡

Ʋһεļһ۾

ڣɹˣ

΢ţбһǡ硿

ۣ˰¼һ֣

磬н㱨Ķ

˼ӣԷڻϢ

չһЦϵͳָ֮

ֻԷĿ걼ȥ




90.  ׵編    賿ʱ֣ǡ

賿ʱ, жڰ˯
żɼ·ˡ

ڹ߻谵ǽǣͬһͷʳĺڱŻ

ɲ߲ݵĵƹ⣬ѹñ, ڸסеĺ⡣

ԶĴſ, мֵࡣΪ˲ݾ, ûʵԷڵڼ¥ֻ֪Ǹ֡

һֺ¥㣬Լֲǰ
, ⻹ѲһƧǽ棬һֻڻƵ档

򵥼Ų˶¥Ĵߡ
һ£˿

ֲܱƴ, ֻһֻֽ֣Ƶ, һ㽫ıԵ

Ǹոͣˡ, ¸ĺۼɱС˵ǻۡ

취Ƿˡ

ں˻, һεĺšﲢû˿, ͷûС

ܣȷ˿˽ȥ

Ŷ룬ֻͨխ, תĶࡣƺǸõġ

ƾɫ ֱſеζӡ

̲ݡʳˮС/ƷζһҲ

һרõ·, ·ͷϵţҲһùС
Ҫţͷ˵

Ĺк𣿿ɣʮ¥Ŀ˶ȼˡЩˣҿɲȥš

˵ǸŮˣмӶ

ˣˣˡ

˶ԶֱסһŤֻһӣ

Сƺ󣡡ѡ

õġ

ţҿ죬ó̽ΧĻ

ұ߲Զõĺ˿̣ĳʦвҹ࣬æȻ졣

һͷͨ¥ݼ䡣

ûˣѸٵںţŲأ¥ݼȥ

խһ谵¥ûиκѡֻʱʱ̿óΧĻм顣

ĸֽУĵҲʮ־޴

ÿ¥ҪһԵɨ裬Χž¥ľ롣һҲʡˡٶȺܿ죬ûþʮ㡣

ʮ¥Ǹˣʮߡʮ¥ǻķ룬ʩǳΡ

Ḷֱ́ͽȥɻķԱ͡

̧ͷſڵļأ˵СƼء

õġ

õ˻ظ߽˴ţǰ̨Ավ

˼ﲻд¹ڲĹ˿͡

ԷΪߴ˵طϹųʽ΢Ц

ѹһñӣ˵

Һġ

ôԤԼ𣿡Էѯʡ

֪ģҸϢˡ

ǰ̨һۣһʱеò׼һǰ̨һԵĵ绰˵

˼Ұʡ

ཡ

绰˰죬Ҳû˽ӣԷֻε˵

˼ߡ

δ䣬ǰ̨һƵģɢʼ̨ǰǺɵЦֱ

ž˺׵ص˵ϡ

Са취Ǹոյļ𣿡ʡ

ԣɡ

ٿ绰ոͨĸ䡣

1801Ű䡣

ͷʰϵζ¥϶ȥ

ĸߵܹķǳãһᶼûţǽĺ档
ϸ ΪһͨߵЧǳκ

ĳܣԼڶʱڣҲҲᡣ

Щڣ͸С˵һƿ˽覵ǽ棬һŷʽķӳ

⻹ֻǰ㣬һ㡣

Ĳ輸ϣһЩԹĹϹ

ѾԼԼĹǺˡ

ƿţûֹͣ

ֱһС̫ģŮ ˵質ˡ

֮ͣ

˶Լͬؿڣ⣬ƲϵΥ

˭أԷصʵ

˵Һ㣬һҪҪ˵

ʲô£ѲǶŵǼҳˣ

ǡ

ʲôͿ˵ҳ衣ģôǰû

ͼˡ

»÷㣬СĿռʱ䲼ζ˶ֳֿЦ
һֻ򿪺󣬰Ⱥħ趼

֮һһΡ



ǮԺУӭһˮΡ˻ͷۡ
ֻһΣɲʲôƵĴҲû绨졣
ڵƨһѺľӡ˫ֱα棬˫űʵʵڵϡ

Ǹ䡣

ѣɰ̫ˣ޼¡

ǰĲ輸ϣһֻһȫװվڶ棬еĲӸµؿ

ϾҲǵϻϽˣǮӦɿ죬ʵ

˭ģ

ԼϵĿ֣˵

Ҳ˭ġ

λѣҪʲôܿڣҪǰʲôĵطǣô

ǡЦһӦòٰɣû³˭

λңҿԸǮ򣡿ɲԣǮ׳Լļ۸

ҡҡͷ˵ҲҪǮҲҪֻ֪ǸɹЩʲô¡

ָһ²輸¼ֻ˵һֱ¼ġ

ʲô˼һӣǮ˺ԭı顣ͻȻΪһĶȮ 죬ڡ

֪˭Ϊ˸ƵܰץϣƵȥðҸˣ

 ͲùˣֻҪʵʵ¾ˡ

룡

׼һʱǽһ

磬Ҫҹˣͽ𣿡

ˣǮϲ⣬ͣȡɺȴʹ㣬³һ֣



õĺõģǾͲˣߣߡ

΢СĵͣסȻԷѾԶˡ

ŸոյĹǮؿǰˣʵ

ոʲô

ʲôʲôû̯֣ʮ޹

Ǯеľɲ٣´һǰˣ

֪ϣһЩбʿλϵѣǮģҳ˫ʮʮֻҪŹҡ

ñµ˫ü΢ ﲻɵЩЦԷԼǮˡ

ҡҡͷԷıӺ˼֡

Ҳ˭ģҲûʲôǮո˵ˣֻҪ˵㱳ıɡ˭Щʲôɥ£Ҿһ

Ҳ˵Էҡͷ뵽ʲôȿֲĶ³һ䣺˵ˣøң

ѼӲƲԳԷ

˵꣬ڶϣӲ輸¼ߣֳֻߣְֳߡƵ˵

ǲǶӣõûߡ

Ǯһ䣺ôˣ

ڿñ֮䣬¶һ˫ڰ׷۾Į볰 

ûϹѧ֪ǵõĽ𣿡

㡭ʲô˼ԷĿİͰ͵˵

ûлش𣬶̧һ°ͣʾԼ¡

Ǯæ쳤ȥϧ˴ԼĽż⣬ֻ˫ȵϥǷߡ

Уҵʹ֮ ӽȫ
ļⶼƵģŤһ飬ӦᶼûУʧȥ˶Ŀơ

߿ɳ36ĵѹȻһӾȥϵۣҪʡ

ܿ죬ͣ

ԷԴںϺ¡

̧ͷĿ͵ؿƺи翹˵

ġĲ֪

һϮһŵ˵Чʱ

ͬϴεͻһǶ۵Ӹ⡣
£øܵʹĸо鲼ȫڿҧ

ǮŴ죬۾ͭ壬Ѿвˡ

һͣԷĿѾʪ͸ɧҺӵε˵̺ϡ

ʱǮУʮ˲Ķ

ɫҰף˵ͷ˿

á˵ȫ˵Ҫٵˡ




91.  ϲᵥ   Ǯ޾ɵشš

Ǯ޾ɵشԴ,   
  ҡڵİɽʮǰģǸʱɻһССֵĴڡ

ҵʮʱ, ھʮ˰ɡ, жʮˡ

Ҫʲôģ

ǰ, ǻֻǳΰãһЩʲôģ

˵, Ǯ̧ۿһǰˣԼҲܲ

ǵϴ˵Ҫ׼ϰʹЩ֣һծ˾, ֿһ˾
˭뵽ĺʱ, ׬ǮҲԽԽࡣеĵ, Ҳ˸Ե˼ķҲˡ

û, ĵơ

ʣϴ󲻹𣿡

⡭Ǯֹ, ҧҧ
ʱϴϾʹˡԶЩ£һֻۡһֻۡЩһֱڸļƻ

ʲôƻ

һŮھż˸ѧȻ, ǸѧŮҲͦģ롣
ϴЩ꣬һֱڸŮ·, ´㡣Ůǰ쵼ˡ

ʲôְλ

յĸг˵Ҫѡ٣ԴҪˡ

ԭигŮֲá

ﴧĦţϴ󣬿Ҳһ˵ȻܽһСɣչزմȾ˹ٳ

һ䣺

ϴ󣬾ͲԼŮ

Ǯʲô˼ͨ죬ǸŮʹ˸гҲǰͷ

 ôһһ⣬ʱ仹ɱ˵Ļ𣿲ҪŶ

ԷƮ

ӵˣ飬ױ˷֡Ǯǲӵġ

ǲǽһıɱԱĵӣǸ׵Сǣ

⻰Էȵô֪

ô֪ʵʵ̹׾Ϳˡ

ǽһǧҪСһӵ

˭ֱ룬浽

ҲϾǶġôôȨ֪֪Ҳϴߵ˲ǡ

עŶԷ۾ֱû˵ѡ黹

ϴʲôŮʲô

ƺҪ˵ͣҡͷ

ߡ

Էſڣպкϵ˶үүŮҸոѾ˵ˣš

õԼҪĴ𰸣һ
ʱ䲻ˣûȥˡȻ֣ɲβ

һֵǮСæֳȷûκεۼ

Щ˵ԺԼļģֻǵһԱ𶼷ֲ塣

ȷû©С׼뿪

˵Ҳ˼Ϊ賿ʱ֣ǰ̨εſϡż·ķԱˣҲûнǡ

һǰ̨;ѡΪ䱻ɾΪԼ̫۶˯ ûʶԾ

˳ſյһȥ

գѾ˳ϼ·ˣҲ𽥶ʱȣڰСʱڸϻȥ

˫ͬʱҲӵܵԶ𶯡

ڹߺˣ˿ĿԱȽϴŻ𳵹ߣԱܿ·˵Ŀ⡣

Ӻ˱˿ΧסĹϡһ򣬸պһ߼ۡ

һ˲ٵȻʻ͸ɴһΡ˳糵

ĳХһ޷硣һԾƽ˻𳵶Ϣ

޴ľñһ¾ժˡҲûƾɵĴ´˿һɫ磬컹á

һƹϣϱɫʼ̫йá

ȻҲûз¸ո¼Ƶ

Сæһ£ȻŵϡʱڣҪѰϵ

õģ׼

ʮңϵ˼

һΪֻǽ·˳ˮŻصԼķ䡣

ڴϣһ

СƵôˣ

ƵѾڸƽ̨Ҷҳ ĿǰѾǧ򣬵𴲺󣬽µһעȳ

𣿡ʡ

С ˣڲӡ

Ǿͺá

㿪壬鿴΢ϵƵϵͳ֣޷죬صҲһδ¡
µۣҲڲϱǡ

ǰɣ𣿡

ɨҲ

Ѿؾˡ

黹ǵȵȿɣҪת

ҾҲǣ֪ȫòۡ

ҾãƵ˵Ӧģȷһλ

֮治СԣǺǡ

ҸоˣвˣҵĴ𣿡

Ѿ˹ý



ض뾪ȣ

һʱ䣬زŵĵ绰ˡʱƣϵͳ£Ȱһעֻ

ΪˣزǲԱ½顣
һӣд̰Ҳ߽˹Ұ

Ƕӷɣ̤Ϊȷŭȫ̶¡

ҲôĵһγڹС

ȻѾ˿һΣɲٷ˿ûѷۡĳ֣ԭǸ΢Ȼ˷˿

µȫ:

û°

ЩɥĲˡ

λǵȹٷͨɣһỹСһġ

Ѿ˾ٱ绰ˡϣ(˫ֺ)



һۣ˵ǼٵģҲͦ΢ƽɾ˵ˡ

һΣӵһϳ극ֱгȥ̸

ȷʵû⣬ŷᡣ
ȶȣ󡣱Ͼ漰ţС˶ӵо

һʱ䣬ӿ

ٷĶʮѸ٣һһת̽Ա

ڴڼ䣬ֱȥ˼ 

ʱƣȶҲ½ˡɵĽС

ǣԱ漯ţûһأ겻ɵˡ

֮ǰֻüǿ෸˵ļ顣

ΪصעΪ˷ֹɴཫǨ˼ᣬ˸˼䡣

ȻճͶһһġ
ԼµС䣬ͦϲġж䣬ô˵ζ˵Ҳһȥ

ϣһ꽫ЩµıֶǳɫҲһͬһ͵

ӵ绰С̸˻ˣ죬һ˾ͲԲĶ

µ⡣мСˮ 

ڹ涨дŲܴʳС̷ҲڼʳãһԲ

󣬲űʳĿ

һСʱĲһˡ

ͨļҳˣȥܰƽȴƢ

һСţ⣬һ㹽һСгһ̦һźŹ

СǰԵ㣬㿴㶼˺öࡣ̷˵

Уûûݡ

ô࣬ʵʵذЩˡСù룬ʢһ׷ϻ߶

ӵ֪֪ͨɶϲԼ׼̣ҲͰԺµĸǴˡɱЩιļöˣԵ㰡

ӹ룬Цŵͷ˵ǵðлл˼ҡ

ٷԭȫԹ⣬Ϊ˲ֵĹڿţʣһЩ

ĸˣ˵㶫ģҲûм

ʣʣټȡ

С̳˺ܶ⣬Ҳǹúò֮ġһһĵǡ

۵ʱǷɿ죬˸صԼ䡣

Υϵͳ䲼

Σbø롷Ƿܡ

ܣ

˽ܣûãһۣӰߡ




92.  ɷ     Ŀ֮ǡ

Ŀ֮, һƬձڸ˰ߣ˳쳹ʡ

ǰһУ벻ݡô, Ϊ˸еޱ𾪡

ⲻ, Ҳ, 

಻յȺ˺ѹ֮ƣһͷ

㶿һĻ, ͻȻоʲôҵԼͷϣġ

ʲôԼצӣеϴˮġ
צһ, һɶ

࣡һξ֡ʺͷ¹ʡ
˼Ϊ, Ѿ籩¡

ܣ

, ֪Լʲôֻ֪֫β͵ĴڡϵëԿӦһֲ鶯

ʺꡱԽԽ, ҲԽԽܡ

, żæŵ Ѱ塣ֻϧ⸽ûпڵĵط

СҲһ, ԱʲôԶصĵط𣿡

̽⣬ӷ453״пõصĿ, Ϊڻ

ϰ쳤Ӱָʾķλȥķһõڵϵľ

æ˹ȥò˵Ȼ󣬵ٶȻͦ졣Ȼһ·ϻǱࡣ

ӺĿĵء

ȥʱɶѾʧֻʣһȦƤ

Ҳܲôֱ࣬һС

СڱʲôŵʱصĶ

ˣڱĶΪʳĿܿƵܡĻΪʮͳƯȺƽԭ

 ԭԼ˸ɴ棡

ѹ֣ոоԼצЩԾԭǱܣҲеĿץնʳĿ˫צǱȽġ

ʳʳǳǿ
ϲϢǾͻĵسʳڸͷȻûʲôҲ
ںʱƯϰյ渻㡣ʳ޶ܡ

ֵܾ;Ͱʳ

ЩƯ˵ĺԺ һֻֻԵԲģΪ˱ɹĶ֮һ

ȻҲ벻ֶĴƻҰ״̬µܣǾһԵģᲶʳè䡣

˰޵СèŪ죬ȻէһСǳơǸͲͬһ֣ƶһ
ϸ۲죬ͻᷢ־޴Ĳͬ

СèֽоŽǣԭǵβоŸɫԺڴΪвݵİɫֲҲǱԲģȥͬһë޹С
ΣʱСèվǰ֫˷

ʵϣֻǿŵ˵һַʽѡɡſԼӵġɡһԼȥӵӴ󣬴ﵽ˵Ŀء
ĽǶôɰ壬ֱκáǹȡ

ܾͲһˣǵҪɫǺڰ׻ҡܵͱȽϳȥһü۵ģ˸оСèҪˡ

ǱһֻܣһץеĿҶϵʺһ߶ϵͳѯʵ

СøȺǨ㣬Ҫã

Сش Ŀǰһø뾭˵أҪһ졣

һ죿ˣʲôǵصĳҪٳһ졣ȺǶֻø밡

һιøϣϸĶ

ɺϵǣø֮ǰĶɶ񣬾ȻͬһƵģƳԱ

øֽƯ룬ǱһĸҪԴһ㣬һǨĺ

ݹƣʷøȺɴʮֻʲô˿ڶʮһͳΪʮڡ
ʮֻø룬඼ֲڱ޵ܶȿ֪

øϲڱ޶ɭУżڵı仯Ǩ㡣

岶ʳ己Ȼ󳤴ĳǣһɡ
ֶԣøռ˱½֮һ

˵֮ǰȵĶϣҪôʳˣϡ٣ҪôŻ仯١

ܣ󲿷˶벻һܹ 󵽾˵ࡣȻһ;ͱֱǺš

øȷˣʮͿʼɱһ͵ʱʮڵľ޴Ⱥһֻʣ

1534꣬̽ռſˡǵһηø룬1914һֻø롰ɯڶ԰ȥ
ø볹ʧڵϡ

Щϣ˿ûע⵽һԵĶͻȻɳɳܹŹ֣

ļ䣬Ҫ죬ӻĿ־УʹһԶԴء

ܵҹм俴ȥһſҶϣض

ֲŲ¶׽ſеζӡ

ոյĹ죬ߵβ͡һһڵģ󳦵Ļ״ṹ

Ϊɫźɫ״ߺۡ

ģѾ˲²⣬ӦþǱ޵ⱳβߡ
ΣյĶߡ

ΪЩһط֪˵Ķ
ֱܵǷǳģľ޴βߣðһòҪ

Сߣ˵ԵԡǶͱȽϴĶߣעҲǷǳ޴ģĶ̫ðա

һգⱳβȴͱˡ

ȻһڳS͵ƣȻҪˡ

ǿ滹µֻ࣬˾֮С

ʱ̣β߷˵һιȻ˾룬ûҧ

β߸һСխĿռֻʱ˵档

Լļһðűࡰϴ񡱵Ļᣬ˼ʯͷӣʯͷҡҡλε
һСͷ

βԼ֮䣬һЩʯ飬һССǽڡ

ܵצӱȽܽʯģβ޷ҵıԵ
ԭʵмضΣҲ˳±ռˡ

ȻƯϣƯİ취

ɹβǽһΣԼմëϴ

ͬʱСѯʵ

Сһεʲô

򡪡ԸȺйͨĹ񣬶ԴԡԼٲˣؿɵ

ܲӡȽϸȤǶϵͳ

СĿǰԿʼ𣿡

ԡС񶨵˵Ļռ̫СʺϽи졣

ðɣЩøǨٳȥҰɡ

֮Уһһޣڶ磬̫¶

С̽ͷ۲գԭøȺѾʧֻʣµһ֤࣬

ĵĵ棬βͣٳԶֳ˹ȥ

Ҫɾö࣬ȻǨøפϢ֦ҶïĴ˲ࡣ
ϻеط½ŵġ 

СѰţһǵٴ䵽ϣһ棬Ҳޡ

Ȼ״̬£һǨ㶯ﾭĵطಶʳߡ
ͺ޴ԭϵʳݶǨ㣬ȺǨ;У㡢ʨӡȣڼꤵصȴһٵĻᡣ

ʳҲ٣ʨܡܡǡݵȵȣ׾ٵɱڵ

ϵͳָ£ҵһʵĵطл졣

һܶѨͷһܵĺǣס˸ľʳ⶯

ȷûΣպ붴ѨУʬΪ飬ʼ˻졣




93.  ﷭     Ӵø롭

ӴøȺĵ, һֻųľ޴ܣӷܶѨУ˳

ȥϵĻҳ鿴Լ״̬
, һͷ, һ׶, һٶǧ˵Ĵһ

˵ηⱱ½κʳ⶯ˡ

ʮͳıޣƯѾѴеߵĿ, ꡣ

Щŷֳ߶øĲɱҲŸոտʼ

ʼͷ̽ǵʾø벶ɱģǴӱ޶ʼġ

, ŷ۾ӵĵط½ĶҲƯʼʮݡ

˿, ײΪ˳Եʳ, ͽĿ궢ø롣

øֲ࣬, ΪǨ, ʷǳͨ˳ԲһǮһֻø

ЩֳߵУҲ, һĲҵ

ٵˣøΪԴ

ƻ࣬ѧ˸ָİ취, ׽ø롣
ڳڣøࡣѡֱӿǹɱ׼ֻҪտǹͻø

ֲ׳̶ȣ̽ȡ

һЩˣᲶ׽һֻø룬۾̼Դø룬ǰͶ

е˸øΪһֻǨ࣬Ἧйҹץסֱɭֵȼǣ̣ø뱻Ѭڵϡ

еҪ˲ꡣ
·ϵø룬ֽࡣ
װµģֱ˵

ȻøĴڣֻʳһֵķѪҺʱ˵ҩʹãһЩļű

øëƷ

ݼأ1822꣬һͥΪһļףһ֮࣬ɱ4000ֻø롣

ģɱʹȺӴøҲס

19ϰҶøʼ½

Ҫģǰֹһķ

ԲԲҲ֮뿪˵档

ϣ۲ĵΡΪвƽԭ棬Եƻ϶һƬƽ̹

ĴȺ˴Ҳ֮һ

ʮַ֣ϵֺãҲͳΪ˺ƯΪҪʳڹĵơ

һֻܡ⻹ûбȫԭҰʱ

ͻȻֻúһʹǱһѴӺݺݵʼðǡ

˿Ψһ뷨ǣԼôˣʲôõң

ȻʶģҲ̫ණֻóʹϾӿʼ׹ȥ

ת֮䣬·𿴼һֻԼһ

ʱ̣ϵͳ

ڷйУϮ´ʱʧȥĿĿǰĸ߶ΪһǧףŰס

ȫ½ģʽ

ϵͳİ£ڱסһ׹ˡ

εǰڿ˵Լ׹סһֻ

Ƚϴһ֣峤Ϊ38-50ףչ95-115ס

ǵش647-825˵䣬ڵ״̬һС㡣

ΪһݣǵٶȣǸٶȵ¼ȻĹĸҪ졣

书Ψ첻ƣпǾ˵ٶȣɻɱԼ

ﻹûзӦǾһӶצԷͷ

Ҳƾֱ죬ҹԼͻҪݣƯĹͷ
ܻлɱ¼

ֱǿСĴ̿͡
ȻһֻеƮˡԱԼôȻҲ͵Ϯ
ҿʹͷǹǺʵצӣûжʲôʵ˺

ֻϧֻûɲסһײļϡ֮£˲СӰ죬Ҳǵѣԭ

תͷֻçײҲɱһǧһ壬ֱӳ嵽ĺϣԼײ๶ˡ

εǰֻһ۵СŮ˹룺ˣһҪΪ˵ĿˣԼôһ飬ӦܳԺüٰɡ

꣬˹ȥ

еȻʮǿڼСʱ˹

˿̵͵زΧӲ̸һȦ 

ʱӳ

һεǰСŮ

ЩӶǹͭɫƤ׿ȥˣŮ϶ΧƤеϻŰɫܸܡ

ӣӦþӡڰˡ

СǷߴߴ

˵ʲôǶϵͳ

С鷳ת

õģա



ţΪʲôǲ߳ǣһСк˵

ԱһкҲ˵ǰҪǳ֪Ǽôһֻܣгģһάǳġ

ȷǸСŮ

еģҪ׼̫ҪǱ֪ôһץȥ̳ġ

ƺ뵽ʲôµĶЩСͻȻͱտڲ̸ˡ

ⷴǹȤ룿ȥ

СǽԼҰӣ׾룬ӵǰ

ЩֵֹĶһͻȻðһ뷨ˮҪϴһϴ

͵ҡҡͷܿڻĿѹ

ÿγԶǰѡʳϴֻýӴ˼£񫡣

СͶι֮ ûйය뿪ˡ

Ҳȥֹס˽Ų뿴⴫˵еļʲôӵġ

ҡڵظںƨɺ棬˲ġ
ɭֵΧһ·˲ٵķ¡Щӡڰ˺ڶʲôȻҲźúõƽԭܵƫƧĵط

ڲܣһЩéݡͬǹһ㣬ЩªķģһԼ׸ߣʯͷɵļ̨

ʱȽϲִ٣ʯ̨ĲĄ̊́ϰɫѪԼ̨֮ϳеͷǣˣ֮ǰѪ¼

̳ҲéԱߣһϵ૵

ΰ̫񰡣Ѿ˶ļ룬ΪλҪöħŰ׷ߣ

ˣİƤħϳȥɣôδ淨ûиŮ

Ժʱ룬벻Ҫ׷ߡ

͵⣬ܲµʲôˡ

ϵͳʵ 

Сӡڰм˵ϰ𣿡

ȷһӡڰУӡڰ˵ķ֧Ƚ϶࣬еʷչϰס

λӡڰĻ䣬֮ǰӦѾ𽥷˻˼룬ڰ˵ĵɱ봫ȾЩӡڰ˾ʼͶҽˣ

ߣٿ

Ѱú벿䲻Զһ޴Ӷսһ˵ʬףɢŨҵĶ

˵ģ滹ǻŵģһȥʮ꣬˿Ϣٵʬ֮ϡ

һ˿ģ˶ͷӬѾʼζ˹

Ҵߣ

Сɨһ£ǲ컨

ɨϣȷ컨

ֱ֤Ĳ²⣬Ѿˡ

Ϊӡڰˣֳ߽Ⱦ컨·͸Է컨ӡڰ俪ʼС

ӡڰôҲ벻ףΪʲôЩ߲ȾֻԼȾȥ

ԣʱӡڰˣΪԼǱ˵塣

Ҳͬ

ǰһţЩĲ̣ʼϵͳѰңûп컨ķ

ģһֱ컨ҲûƳЧҩ

δ㹻רо٤ʱΪʷ͵ĴȾ֮һ컨Чҩ˳о˼֧

Ӭصʬߣû˿ԥȥԱ߲Ѿ̵ľ˹ʬ壬צӣһ롣

һ涼˲֪೤ʱ䣬϶һɾ˷Чҩˡǣָ˼֧ǡ

ʬߣ˸ĵطš

ڶ죬Ȼת

죬ԷϵĶѾʼ衣

Ҳ֪ˣԼȵ˽ʲô֡ԣ򵥴ֱȡ

һԼˣ˵װŪȻ¡

һߣµļȻؽš




94.  ֶ    𾴵ʹ⡭

𾴵ʹ, ȥû𣿡

ӡڰ꣬˿̣Ϻ, ǵĶȻѾ˲, ɿȥǱȽˡ

ǰ, ͨԵ粨Ϣݣ˵

ʲôڡУҪʲôʹ

ҽʲô

һ, عͷСһۣתƬ̣Ъ˿

㰮զоզаɡ 

꣬첽̳ȥҲֻõͷš

·, һţһѯʵ

㱻֮ǰ, ǲнйλ˼룿

, ӡڰֱ꣬ǰʹǷл˼, С͵

ʵ, ǲĴûнй˼룬һ㶼ҰƷġ
ǲ֮ǰڸߵƽԭϡһȺƤ, ռǵءű¹Ҫ޴ĶſĹӣǸֿˡ

˺ܶ, ǲ뵽

˶ԷĻֹסŲֻС۾ɻ

ûѱ

Ǹ޴Ĺ𣿡

ȣǵĿԴؾǱ

Ϊı仯ƽ½֣ŰϿ¶Ĵ½ܣޣ֮ɢȫ硣

ΪԴصıȴ֪ʲôˣ˵ӡڰ˵ģҲ˵ʳݶﾺġ 

ǲ̫ˣ֪ôѱֹǱȽϽļ䣬ץ

겹һ䡣

ޡȻȺӡڰ˵ȷһСˡ

Ȼûŷֳڣƥ

ΪһЩԭһҰ⣬һѸҰ޵ԭҰϣγҰȺ

ڵĦӡڰ䣬Ķӡڰ䣬ѧ׷ײ׽Ұѱ齨Լ

ˣһЩӡڰˣӵ˷

û뵽Ȼûдﵽѵĵز

ţһһˣѾƳ˲Զļ̨

ʱе˶Χһ𣬴ŶʮңȫŻѣ۸ߺ

ϼ룬ͷڣϻֵ·ǰ˸ָĶצӡ

ȻŹȣǣһһߵʮּᶨ

ûã˸̨

תһ̧̨֣µ˶ˡ

ǵ˫Ŀɨһ۲ԱֵӰԵ쳣࣬һŹ󣬿ʼɵļ赸

ʹˣԶԶؿ˾ڸ̨ҡҡ׹

ǽȫ̶

ۣĬʡ

ûԷʲôֻ֪úܿ죬̺˵·ͷһۣ˵

ôҪȥ

ҡҡͷҪǻҵġ

ʵʵشҺͿˡ

ǶԻʱȺѺһŮ˹ڼ̨¡

ŮģǱͷɢסĳࡣ·ȫǹ⣬¶ڿеƤ³ͿɫĿϡûã˾ͳһɫż

һεĻ˼Ʒ

ͷ㽫ʣµͿʱͻȻ

㣡漴첽˳ȥ

һɤӣ˵Ŀⶼһ¶˾ֵı顣

ôܣôš

̫Ȼš

һħģ

ĳ֣ԭȻļ롣˶ܺˮһ㣬ÿһա

Լ˾Լǰǰס˽㣬ҵؽϵ·ϡ

û

ӵ

̨ϵĴ룬ֱöܣ

ôܣˣȻܻ

ǻһ˹ʵ

ҵȻǻģɿԼĽ㣬վչʾԼĴڡ

ϵĶѾֺõ״̬

ɻ˲ţϾĪļ̫ˡ

ҲţһǶħģҪƽļ롣һ˸˵

һ£

Ǵ˾ŹգΡΡشӼ̨

˿ǵ˫ð˾⣬˼ؿʣ

ӣôģ

ʹ˾ҡ

ʹģ˾ɴ۾ڸǲסϲãȥѯʡ

ţǡʹأ

Ҷ˳ָķȥֻдеɭ֣ʲôʹ

𣿡

ʧʱԺһ

̨Ͽ

̨֮ϣһƾֳ
ֻ޴ܣһͷô󣬸ǣһԽ׵Ĵ
ռ˲䰲˼룬

Ⱥľ˷

ϼ뿴˵

ģ̫ǵʹ

ǵģ

õ˿϶Ĵ𸴣ᣬһ¾˳

һ߿ޣһ˷ܵزǲߵˣ

죬Ʒã׸ʹˣ

ֹϼ¾

һãȻؿ˵

ϴ׼һŮʹ˲ǵ
ԴһֱûмŮ̫ҵǲɫħͷҵĲ䡣
׼һŮ̫ͻǳ׸߰Ƥħˡ

ϼ߼ʵŵˡ

æֹˣˣ̫ǱѾȱˣ˼Ҹ仰ˣסˣҪˡ

úúãʹ˵ԭҲǲ˼ġ

׳ɿǸŮȶ³򣬾޴ҡΧĻѡ

˵

죬ҾǣΰֻּҪǰ˵ܰѲħľ

ϼ뾪ϲӶ

ʹ˽̵

ֲ컨Щ˴Ӿɴ½ģΪʲôûеòΪѾ硣

룺ʲô磬ǴŪе硣

ָȺĵ˵

Ĺؼϡ

ڳ˵߷׷׼еϣڣ¿һԼûʲô쳣

 ڵ컨ѾϺˣδȬĶǿԽֵ硣

ϼ룺ʹǣ

̨˹ڵϣߺ

Ҹô졣ֻҪŧҺӴԼѪҺϣܲĵֿͣһ£˵

ֵֽķʽֻӵ80%ĳɹʣһʧܾͻȾ

ϼ룺ʹˣʲô80%ĳɹʣ

ʮУа˸ܻ˺ͺӸ׻

ʮа˸ܻˣѾˣʣϼ˵ȳ

ʹˣҵһ԰ɣ

ϼʿʣҲʹӦ

ΧŽֵḶ́ϼֱ۷ʯͷϣСƬڼϻһʮ˿ڣСľǩֱϵĶɹŧҺ˿ϡ

һֱڶ磬ϼ밲ȻһεĳɹĹˣһʱ䣬˶˳˽֡

˵ǲ˲ࡣ

ļ죬ȻַǳɹɻкüûͦȥȾ

ǣлᣬһҪַĲ䣬ҪԭҰϵҰѱ˵һս֮

ûд죬ͼ߷ȥ

һ˳ƽԭƯĵ̡

ʱƯʮݣҲǵĻ̡

ƯսвͣڵϷ϶ֲ԰á

һ·ϣͼ˲ٵ޻أԼͶеĺū

ھһׯ԰ʱ֣üվһ飬շ׽ø롣

һֻץĻø룬ۣǣšԶһž޴ھصͶ

һԵϣĶø롣Ϊģǻ϶ǻŵġ

ǧֻø뼷һ𣬾ǲѹҲᱻߵ¸

ֻնø룬ʱ

ͻȻˣø۲Ҳѵϵ˸һͷˮ

ǣһԭ߷øȺͳͳת·ߣɢӡ

ԼĶ оԾֻ÷˼ԣԶĳʻȥ

ͬһ㣬ƮԶ




95.  ײ     ֹ˳š

ֹ, ˳ʱӣԶĳС

вĿӢ׷Ľط, һߴ, ǽ, õĲҲΧɫ۵ġ

еĵ沼ÿһˣľȻڽš

һ·ɹ, ֣Χƽԭ϶Ϊ˸ءʱƯһũҵ

ϱľģʽͬҲϱľ޴졣

, ҪԹӶͶΪʲ׼ϲūƵֲ԰ū

һø, ˶ͣ½Ų, ׷Χ

һθ̬, ѯʵ

װ, ֻ𣿡

˼λʿЩҪ޾ߵģڲ㡣Ҫ, ˻ģϾЩȵϵϻҪࡣ

첱ӵˣ˰ԼĴ, һΪѵ˵

ǵģѾ˵ԹңϣһĻ

üͷ˼һ£˵ǺðɣһùһЩ

˷³׼ͳֻԷ
ͻȻϵӣ֪ôˣ׵ضѿ

һ޴ĿӳøȺϿա

ŵһֻøķɳø붼ȼ࣬ȿֺطա

Ŷģҵĸӣҵĸӣ

ڳ˶û뵽żæŵ֣Ҫסɢӵø룬ɸ޼¡
ֻøǣա

æͳ쿪˼ǹһֻøǰͷһʺ

ƽϢ󣬸ոմøˣѾˣһëǹֻø룬Щ˲ܷɵģһʮֻӡ

ζһ綼æˡ 

Ϊµʼٸߣڰ˸顣

ϷҲ൱ĺūЩŷİƽ񣬳䵱мײ㣬һҵ֣ʳסУе

רŷݵĵط෷ӵ̯λϰø⡣

Щø϶ѾģѾ˰ߣҲͿˡ

øѵһϾЩøʵ̫࣬ʵڲôš

󲿷̷Իյø룬൱ļ۸񣬱Ѽ֮ļݣҪࡣ

øֺóԣҶرʳΪʻȥ

гһȦһø뷷Ӹ̫ɽһ˼ҡ

̯סһСڵĳй滮൱áǰĳˮס㵹ˮĵطɢŻζǣѳ븯һĸо

ȫ̱ݶϢһΣΪΥҹϢʱ䡣

ڶ賿㣬컹û̯Ѿ𴲣ǣ¿ӣʼŽˡ

ûб䣬Ϊ˱֤ɱøⲻʡ̷ǻ϶һȥ

˽׽ø룬ڳбԵһֿ

ŵøҲֵǮΪǵĸ޲ûбѪҺȾһŸƳɵޱ۸ԶԶǧֻǮ

ⶼһģΪ˵ڶ賿Щ̯˳õʵø⡣ֿϰ壬ʹһūҹࡣ

ſڴ һеζӿıǻŹâøĴ̡

ø뱻šϲӣ޶ȵı֤޵Ľྻ

ַĹˣʮָɣ¡ʱǻǻŵģֻǱ˼á

ǹ޵ø룬һ衣뿪ˮУѾ˽øĴˮǳ˺ɫ

еø룬񾭷˼£Ͼû˶

һĹ˽̳Ͻϵĳεڼ򵥵ƹ󣬿ƶǣΪһֻóȥ롣

۲ʱ򣬻øѾʣ޼

С̯ǣ½½콫ʱŸ뿪

ͬʱҲע⵽ڲԶɭðһĻ̡

ףǲʲôɽ𣬶̡
Щ賿̯һҲϲѡҹ

ֻϰҹѬøڹ涨ʱ䣬дСǵøҵ

ģӵ飬ԽģкܶʱҲǷ

ǣο֮ǰεľ顣ֻѡ񲡾

ϵͳһңҵһֿӰ壬ǲӰøĲ

׼ʵʩļƻʱСˣ

ˣ㲻ʹֲЩˣ

ɻ󣺡Ϊʲô֮ǰǿʹá

С οϵͳʼĹأֲٶãѾ޶ˡø̫ӴЩ˵Ǻ飬˱ĸʡ

ҿʹʲô취 ֻýҵĲ˻ȥ

ѡ졣

ʣصĹ𣿡

Уһ༭̽յơһЩĻ򣬾޸ֲѡøֲӶĿ־򣬻ܽ⡣

ó༭̽յƣʣ

ʲô𣿡

СܶԳл༭ֻ̥ܾѡ

ŶҲ˵ֻҪһѻ̥ͿѡԵı༭Ƕ򣿡

ǵģ

̫ˣ

˵ذ̽յƣû˼Ժ°˻ȥ

Ļø붼ˣ죬ʼѭøȺټȥ

øǼ己Ķֳÿ39£ʮƵһѨռɴƽɭ֡

ܼķֲҲ˲Էӿɳ֮

һѬѬƬ

ӴøȺ෴ǣøÿֻһöѡڴڼ䣬øΪһһޣͬ븧

己ֳȻҲټ

ܾһֳķʽȷøȻУγ׳۵Ⱥ塣

Ҳǡǡˣֶΰٳøֳַʽ׸

19ʮƯսʲ׼ͳһȫ

˺18701890꣬øֱ½

⣬Ѿ뵽Ҫα༭øĻˡ

ڸɭѰң෢ø뼯ǰҵǡ

һѰҿȽϽɭ֡Ϊø룬ױ˶ϡ

ҵ֮㿪˻༭̽յƣҪıģø뼯己ֳϢ

ڶĸʱ˶Ŀ־ԼռԻ

ǰ߿԰Զ۾ӵأѰǵѶȡ
ڶԱ֤ø벻ΪڷֳϢʱܼһˡ

̽յƷǳãںÿһŵҫӣͿɱ༭

ܼ񳲣ҲĲ

ں󣬵һøɹƿǡ

ѾţԺø룬ֳʱڻӷɢȻĽΥҲ̯Σգ֤Ⱥ

Ȼڻ죬ûȫøС

ܱͻȻ뵽༭̽յȫø룬ԭø

ǣ˺ü꣬Ÿһø룬㽫̽յ˻ȥ

1816꣬Ϊ̹ɽȫġ

ձĽУɴ½⽨˲С̶ȵֺ

ҲԽԽˣŷıһʱ޵˿ܿ졣
Ӿ˿ڵ

ӡڰˣԼø˵ɲǺ¡Ч

󲿷ӡڰˣѧ˽ѱƥ

ø룬øϺ󣬳һɢӣһ־۾ӵøȺԷ̯յʽȥ

ԽԽ·ԼԽԽٵӡڰˣҲףĴ˳£е飬ƾԼתġ

Ưսʲ׼ʤ˹ҵĻ´½

Ӱ˧ţУڴʱӡڰУΪͽ¾Ķħ

һӡڰ˵ͷƤֵٵǮÿһӡڰ˵ͷƤܻ50100Ԫ

⼤䲶ɱӡڰ˵ȳ

Ҿ徵ɱģܰ

ںܶԺһЩƫԶɽӡڰ˵øҲϵĳɹ

ڻĻӣøɹס˷ֳڵ뿪ǰϵͳƣøҲϡ

Ȼ½࣬ѾǾˡ

֮һЩԶʿֶӣرҲҲɹ

ΣBø롷˳ɣɳ̶BѾͣǷع鱾硣

ǣ

ʶع鵽磬ûۣǱţڴϲ鿴һεĻ

һ˳ʹôλ콱бһεĸŵˣΪһεǿ

һ͵ȡ

 Ӽ

Ѫ׻򡣡

ϣʾÿһ

һ͵ȡһֳֽĵˮ޼׵Ƿǳ棬ԡ͵ȡĻ

ϸǶֲĻֻҪǶģǾ͵ȡһܼɸѡõĻƬξΪСеС˵Ӷܡ

ڶӼһĶĲݾģֵڣӪ󳤳ĸģ

Сܲ𣿡

ܣ

һң

ģģһʼ뵽⣬ĻķչģӵԽͬʱĻҲԽࡣ

ֳ򵥵޼׵ȻԷӶ򣬶㼴ʹӶˣҲܸ뷱ֳ

ӣϣһʳ

ԭˡ

Ѫ׻

ѪףҲжšһЩ֫ڵģΪѪҺкͭӣЯʱɫ

ǳ͵Ķס

ѪԡԡѪܡЩ϶зǳơ

ĿǰΪֹõһװˡ

һ

СѼشһ£ʼ죡




96.       һεļ򡭡

һεļ򶼷ǳ, ܵʹ࣬Ҳһء

СڣΪĲҽᱻѡ

ڶ, ϵʱ, ɫҰ, ϸķɫһ˿ɫ
ƤǰƵůƤƤ

һʮûɹ̫ģ, ͹ű߳Ѫ˶Ϊˡ

ȥҽԺ飬ܾˡ

ڳɻʱ򣬻֮ʵ

ֵ, զһҪӡ

̧һۣ˵
û, ʧ˶ѡ

ԷΪڵĴɱ, ǿο˵
ˣķ, ֻ񶼷ɲǵ, ľУôࡣ

ܵصͷ
ԷʱΪõ̫ҪԵöࡣ

Ϣļ϶, ϵͳ壬磬ȫ̹ע¡

Ϊ֮ǰ, ǸƵѾˣŵԼUҲͣĴɢ˸ѹס

ӿ֮£ش飬Ѿϲ㡣µϢǣǮǸŸгΪ£ְͣˡ

ǲٲμһεгѡˣɴñܱܲס˵׼а֣ǲ˳ˡ

ľ޴ȶȣҲЩ⣬ҷܺǣ׷վ˳ʹţЩ̫µĺڰ

̣ԽԽˣվ֤ˣߡ
ʱ䣬Щʺļһһġ

֪ǣ֮ǰС̼¥Ǽǰ֣鵽ͷϡ

Ȼּļ飬ɣǮǼйءһּȴԵֵֿĲڳ֤Ͼļ¼񣬿ɱǸҪĶࡣ

ּ¼񣬾Ȼѡ˺ߡ

ʱҴңǼ¹ȥˣʣĸˡ
ڼ䣬ûٷ֮ǰִɱ飬ˣߣ

ڼ䵹ǳһ£ٷҪһõķԱ̣õǰͷˡ

һûһˡ

ҪôľګԣҪôĻ졣
ʱû˽ҲĬʱԼ˵ˡֻϵͳСһûһĴоǷϡ

ʱ򣬼µǡ
ȥֵأ

˸ֳ䣬кܴһĸء
ȻﲻˮСʳǸָ߲ˮ

ǸֵʱڣԭֵЩУкüΪ֮ǰߣͷˣʱȱֵʱ

ȥֲˡ

Ϊ֮ǰˣֵϣ֪˭֮ǰԱ飬Ҳ˵ȥˡ

ԭļְߣһλ
ν¹ѻΪֺ¼Ҳ˲˼

ոѧôʱһߵǰ´һ˵

ͦ־ģɡ

ʲôʱûп˵ĺеɳƽӲ

˵ժˣ

Էһ˵ǰָųİײ˵أ˵

㸺ժ̦Ҫ۵ļ⣬úҵȻá

áӦ£ʼ̦

ߵ˵ĵʱͻȻһڴֻ

ۼֿ죬һѽֻ˳ķˡ

ֻֻС󡱱Ӷг󣬾ȻһǺ«Ƶģһĵġβ͡

һȻֻС󡱵ķ棬ȫССһֻ̡

׹ⲻҲ
ӦþˣȻúǳƣǶȴԶ

һĿһʳĿ

Ȼǲ鶯̬λ볤Ҳǳƣȴȫһ֡

ıӿȥСɣǵڳ֮ǰҧסβͣʱͬһл𳵿

ؽǷŵϣͷһеϢЩСһɵˣԭزҶ

˼һʵһԼ

쵽ĸǰԼָڻһ״壬ذסĸʼϸȡϢ

СẦɣ֪ʵ

ᣬҪȫµϸһ飬Ȼһ£ֻҪһϸȡĻƬΡ

Ҳ˵ֻһϸڻƬαӶȥʡ

ǵġ

СĽͣǷȫעأԼܽ֫壬̽ĻϢ

ԭΪССһֻӵʲôõĻ̽ĹУȴķһЩڼ벡ĵֿ

ɵø̾ÿһݻĹУ˲ͬ

Щ˵޹ؽҪҲûд㸴ˡ

۾ʱͻȻһ亹

ڸʲô

عͷ֮ǰǸˡһ˫۾ֱö

ֻûȫָ֣ǾΣˡ

ڶԷһ㿿ʱҲ𽥻ָԭ׼˻

ϢһʧܾĸȻ߶һڡѸǣ˶Ѩ

ͷԼֱݳһĿӡһɫѪҺ˳Űָ

ɫѪҺɫѪҺ棬ڲܺܺõĿ¶ڡ

߽պÿĻ棬ҪгȻ䣬ᵽһζԿʼû

Լǰ㵸ܣȷû˿С˶ԷļƬΡ

һۿҪˣȥס
Լϵ˿ѾϣɫѪҺ͵͵ýһ飬ȷϿ󡣴

˰ûˣ˻赹ˣ

Զִڵ˺ٸ
ô£ʲô

ȸ龰ͷؾͳ

ͷ˵

Բ𣬾ͬ־Ҳ֪ôˣͻȻε

ԷڿŲ̬ƯŭһЩ

ϵ˷¿һ飬æ˼ˡ

һˣվڲ˵

ҽԺļˣλΪ񾭷⣬˶ʧ䡣ļֳ۶ӣ׼Էһ١

˲˵֮УĶ˵صĲ̦ˡ

ȥʱʦǰСɽʽĲ̦ðŭٿҲȥ

ֻļ졣Աٶٶв̦˵˲ɫ

ͷŵӣҲԽԽ

ɨ///ֵ÷з
һֱڹע飬еʱ򣬻ϵͳһ°еĲ

ͥӣԺѾһԺһµˣҲ֪ͨϣԺȥ֤ͥ

ǰһ潫Сͽ·ҲǼԸÿһķˣϴĸˡ

ڼһ緹Լһ߳һĵط

߳ţоⶼһ

˲ԼͷѼñդΧŵȺʱеզ಻ѡ




97.  ɫ    Լǳ

Լǳ, ǳɣ

Χ۵ˣжԼġڡǷѽ⡣

ȺʱСһң߸

Ȼ, ЩΪ, ǻҪĶࡣ
һӾ赲м䡣

, Ժ󣬻ػȦ𣿡

, ڡ׺СУ¥һôȥ콱ֳ𣿡

˷磬

ͷѼñת, ¶˰ӡ

ʻ˵

Ѿ˳ȦˣΪһԱ, ԺҲٽȦ

, ʲô𣿡Ǽ׷ʡ

ȥѧҵ֮󡭡ܻ»ҵɡ

Աߵ, ץס, ׳һҶܹĵ⡣

ֵ÷зǼ飬Ƿ֪飿

, ˲Χ۵˰˶ֱضϣܴ©һ

޲ԭ, ȴʬͺһ㣬

治ɫش̫

飬ٷУûгκβʵϢǶԷȨĲءҲ漰Ϣ޿ɷ档

ڳ죬ٴ׳һõϢʱСһңǼˡ

λӸոճǾͷŹɣҪؼˡ

˵꣬С̾ץĸ첲ʼק̷ͱں棬ŴӿȺ

һ˳ﳤȥ

ڼϢһ죬죬ȥѧУ

֮ǰѧҲζţڻԼѧҵΪΣ·ǶϾˡ

˵ĿǰûⷽĴ㣬Ȳ˵

һϵͳ뿪Լʧȥ飬ƶôɡ

˵ڵٶ꣬ʱ˶ѾȥȥֻʣԼݵα죬ӦķչЩΪҪǵġ

ڽǮ棬пʣµļ򣬻׷ӡ

ֻҪսߴĻұֵԼʳǻǿԵġȻĳ̶ֳ˵ҲҪʳˡ

֮ǰļ½һҡ
С˵ʧȻʱ⡣

뿪У԰ʱ䣬ѧУԭӣѧȴǻ졣

һ죬ڵ˴ģʵϰʱ

ֻͨϵ֪׼ʵϰ
˵ˣҲϹһΡ

û˵ı仯ͦԭŨױĨǰĽѾ泯졣ȴһʱ򣬿ȥҪЩ

С˺ܶ࣬һͦװ
֮λӡ

Լڵһξ۲͵ĵطԷļ˵

ֵܣþòû뵽˧ˣ׵ãˣ

ͷ Ҳ˺ܶࡣ

һԵĽЦŴѽΪ׷ѧòżʵģȻƾʳֱǿЦ

Ŷ𣬹ûѵ

ϴ΢Ц

̾һ

Ц׼˵䰲οһ£˭֪˿ģЦ

ģɹˣ˵Ѿʼ̸ۼˣҵͽ顣

ô죿ǹϲˡϾ˶Էһ

һԵĽʵ

أʵϰ

 Ұؼ£г꣬һ߳Ҳʱģʱұҵˣȥزſܲܽڡ

ͷתһߣ򲻶໰֮Ρ

Էˣ˵

ϣҿҪתˡ

㲻±רҵص𣿡

֮ҡҡͷ

һй̫ˣҼǣתҲû취¡˵ͷѧȥܶҲûд±רҵġ
ҴӴʼصĻƽ̨£Ҳ׬˵ǮȻȻΪҵҵΪҵҲͦá

˵ͷ

֮ν

Ǵأʲô㣿

һˣŽУ˵

ȶ飬ҵ󣬾ȥҸ֮ǰȦҲ˵ϱȻϿûϣˣɾʱó

Ժ󣬴ҿɾͲһˡ
ɣ

˾ٱףѵõۡ

ӴʼѧԵĶǱԼСͬѧеʱ޷УȻҲû㡣

ʱչ̫죬Ѿһ˵׵ˡ

µѧͻȻһӵʹĵ绰

ιܼ࣬ʲô𣿡

ȻѾǹ˾ˣ֮ǰ׺С鷢뺯ϣȥİ佱㿴

ˣܼ࣬ѾȦˣȥμӰ佱ʲôӡУʱ䣬ٷһֱǿɱ۵ˣȥˣͽ鷳

ǡڹ˾һ˵ģĲǻ

ˣѾն

Ǻðɣݰݡ ԷҲҶ˵绰
ֻһţߵʱһ绰

Ļʾİ룬û˿ԥعҶ˵绰
ϣִ˹ε̾˿˽

ι

ֻ绰ͷһŮ

㡭ã𣿡

ǵģǣ

㣬ķ˿

üͷΪһ绰ɧŵķ˿ɶԷĻ

ֻǸŮ˵

ԶˣԶˣµġ

ʲô¡档

֮ǰһ顷Ķ֪ʶͦḻģҡҰ2棬Ҳһһĺá
ʣԸԸǵЭ᣿

ʣʲôЭ᣿

ЭɫǹڵĶֲﰮԼʿ֯ġȥոյõٷķʿ
֪֮ǰʱ˵Ժܻ»ĹҶ᳤һ䣬
⼸£շת˲ˣŪĺ롣ԴһʣԸԸЭ᣿ 

ĬƬ̣˵̸

õĺõģ㶨طɡ

˵һط˫Լº棬һĹǷ顣

ɽˮ·һ塣

û뵽ôйԼ

Լ죬Լĵط

ԷˣһһŮеʮңģƽƽŮò㡣֮ǰ绰Ǹ

˫£ӹЭϣԼԼͶͬ

ϸϸؿ顣²˵

ǵ˼ϣҳΪЭԱ

ǵģԷӵͷӦҲ֪ЩŻƵķչԽԽϲƬϢ

Ǹ㻷ģҲӦʱŶԡϣƽ̨ϣһרſյý˺ţȥʵġ

ȻҲԷģɹˣƽ̨ķֳͣҲͬϷɡ

ǵİԱ֤ȷ𣿡

Цһ£ģдİĶǴ¶ֲˣõǵһֵоɹȻһܴȨҿԱ֤ѹ󲿷ơ

ãҴӦ㣬ҲҪ˼ҵѧҵ

ģ㽫Ҫ˵ʱǻȥԺ󣬸ںͬϣ

һεԲ

ںһյ˶ԷĺͬȷǩԼ֡

һڣԼعЭͳҪǸ

ߣԭɫЭᣬû̫֪Ĵڡ

ܶ˶ͨٷýתŹעģ˿Ҳࡣ 

ֻ칫Ϊ³ԱˣһԺ

Эѡ




98.  н    ŴӪŵġ

ŴӪŵĴ, һγϡ

ˣ粻ڽȻиĴ˵

ȻһЩƵ£ŻĴͳ, ܵ

Ǻ, ĳЩ˵ٽȦ, ôžž˰ɡ

ʲôȦʲôȦ˵ɣ

һ𣿡

һ, ˵ǻý壬Ҳרҵƥˡ

ܹǳǮ£

Уȥɫʲô֯ɣ㻹ܱȹٷȨ

˼ˡ



ϵķ׷, ûӰ쵽ʲôЭ, Ѿ, ſʼ¼ƵһƵˡ

һܺ󣬱绰ǰȥ㡣

һƵ, ж԰ĺ, Эǰȥ̽ö԰ضнա

ĩʱ䣬Ƶ㡣 

һƵΪˮû̫ȤζԽ, ۿֻ˵йоء

һ󲿷·˵ΧۣҲ˲СĲ

Ȼķ˿˲С

ºμЭĵһλ, PPTϷĵһƵĸݣԼ

ҾãЭƵİ̫ڱˡϢƬͨƵգһҪǵڡҸǿϱȽϻļλղƵ

Լֻչʾ

һһʷղƵǴһЩȥĹ¿ʼȻ쵽ʷ֪ʶСкǿȤζԡ

ŵһƵ˼ӣͣȻЦЦؿ㵵ˣ˵

ǲֺ죬ȴͻȻȻֹĸо

Ҷͷʾ

ȷܿͱ뵽ƵĽС

ٿһƷĲĲصǽʷ£ƷһĽһ

ǿ˺üýƵϣ򵽵ʲô

ǿʵӿյȤζԣһЩ׶ķн⡣ҲԷڵ⣬ӶŵͿյżװɣ

̨µ˶˵ͷиİ˵

õģǻȥԺٶ롣

յĵڶƵİԱȵһҪȤζԡ

ƵԽԽ˿ĹչҲԽ˳Ƶķ˿ճԣҲʼǡ 

ԭǰ˿ҲԽԽ·˷˿

Сɫµý壬Ҳ𽥳Ϊ˻ýˮƽ

Ȼһ׶ΣƵҲӯǮҲʼصĹ֮ӴţͷչȥԺƵ㡣

ȻǿյƵЭԱһΪΪһĴڡ

Ǽǿ˶ڲƷɸѡұ֤Ʒݵķḻ

ԼЭһֱѧУ֮æµš
ڸһЩеĶ԰ȥȡġ˶ѡ·

ǰӰӰ佱ָ˵绰ϣǰȥμӡɱʾܾʵڲٺǸȦʲôϵˡ

֮ǰԭõĿͥʱ䣬ҲΪһЩ֪ظƳˡ

ͨСļ죬Ҳ֪˭ǧԼ

ǱˣҪﷸǰϰ彪ԭˡ

ԭǴعҵģʲƣԶҡ֣ܶʱطҪǳԷ

ģ˵ˣ˵ǰӣֻ˲û֤
ŮصĸӣҲ֪ĸ񾭳⣬İԭ

ԷǮΪ˫ǺϷޣԣЩǮҲ׷Զ磬ʳǵӣȴƫƫ

ˣԼ£Ǹܵţ˺Ҫһҵ

ǱߵˣѾܲסѹȫˣȫ˳

£ںܶ˿ֻǵӾݵġɵʵʱȦȻǷŭ

Ͼ˭볯ϦһǿȨûԼ

һ㱻ߣŮˣҲѾѺ

ΪڸӣǣĶ纣µıһӴ

һοͥʱ䣬ΪԭƳ١

ڼ䣬Ҳδѯʡ

ӣĿνŲմء

ڼ䣬Ǯһ棬СС⡣
ȻԷһѣܲסĺ⣬ˡ

ӰͰعţͥҲˡ

ǣŴڵ۹⣬ý嶼ԼֱֳͥΪ֤˵Ȼǳϯˡ

кڣٴϳˡ

֤ϸһ£֮ǰڼܴɱһ£

õġվ֤˵ϯλϣԼ֮ǰľһεĽ

֮ǰڼϣǸոϨ˯ǸٵĴҲΰܡڱ淢Żµ

Ϊһֱˣǲû̫⡣
ǳߣ˯ԺʱۿΰܳϮ

֮Ҷ㿪ĹȻһŰȥ´ʱ֣Ѿˣŵľ

˵꣬ٽʣ

ôʣѾմܣûʲôϵ

ûУΨһĽ֮ǰϴǮһ档

˵Ϲ㺦ģŪɵˣ

ϯϣһʮ̬꣬Ů˵ɴۣݺݵضͬһͷǣҸ߿

  溫£ȶȻҽҷͥ㡣

˼´ӣܵķ˽˾档

ɱԼȫҵŮ֮һʵ

֪ŮʿΪʲô϶ҺϹ

ߣ Էһ㻹˭ҵʱǸıԱʹˣмϡǵã㵱ʱϹİ䣬ŷɵģ

ŮʿǷͥ¶Ҫ֤ݡһεͥЩ˲ûȷе˵ңͷҲûгֹҵκӰѵΪԼܶϣҶ

Ϲŵʱװ׵غ˵ˣȥģ

˵ʲôȷҵˣУ֪ԼϹ˽㣬ΪһӣȴԼɷȥˡ
Ǵһ˵Ҫǹף˶⺫ŮʿΪء

λס˶Էĺû˵

ٶĳҲͷص֤ϯλ

Ƕط֯ʡһ֤˷ǳ࣬󲿷ֶ֮ǰ۸ѹˡ

ٿһ˿ϣ˲ٶɵ֤ݡ
һܺǰʱû뵽ɣȻô໵£ʵ顣

󣬷һĽ

ֱɱΰܣΪͱһγд̡

ܵλΪӶɱˣֱ15ꡢ20ͽ̡

ѾԤϣϾڻģһֱһȽ޵ʵ⡣
ֱɱ߱ȹӶҪеأ漰ɡ¡߼ȸַء

о϶һɫ̣ϴΪʹˡ֮ʱ£϶׷ڣԲûд̡

෴ΪϴȴЩһֻʮꡣ

ǸгŮҲ֪ʲôԭȻûΣǱס;ûϣˡ

ԺҲиһ־ʧѡ
һѾһ䡣

»ع鵽С

ºɫЭƵĹעԽԽߣЭȥظԭһθԭֵ㣡

ŶӣȥظԭĻ𳵡




99.  ҹϮ     ˷֮ã

˷֮, ɫЭٷĺ

ּչʾЩڸԭıɹ

Ϊ˽ʡһ־ѣͬʱҲΪǰ;еʡ

һ, ûѡɻ, ѡ˻𳵡ȥظԭ, Ҫʱ䡣

˵ȥѩԭһ, ҲһزСս
ϾеĺܶˣܶҪԸԭӦ

ڴ߽Ի𳵵İҲȽϸ
ҶĶӲԣ밤һ, տƲװ

СӵĿռＷˣٶǳεġʲôĳĶ, ζʵڲôܡ

ֵĺһ, ͬһϷ޼״㲻˼Ŀڵ

С , ܲ鷳㻻̣Ʊʱ, ͷӳ̡ʹˣµҲȽΣաи㣬̻ǲۡ㿴, вУ

˵̫̫ͷףһɵĸۡһ˫۾г, ΢Цؿ

ԱŵүүһñӣɫɽװҲżڴؿ

ûж룬Ͼ⣬иѡ̾˲ȥҲʹӦ

õġ

̶Ǯ̫̫ʡ

һ˼ҴһʽţƤǮͳǮݸҲûѵˡ

ʵ

λȥظԭεİɣ

̫̫ͷǵģԼظԭ

̽ͷһΧ˵

Ůûһ𣿡

ûкӣһԵүӿڻش

ΪԼ˵˻æǸ
ԲҲ֪

˭֪ŵςzȴһЦ˵

òãǶˡ֮ǰڴѧ飬ˣһĴúɽġ

ޣԭˡҾ˵ʣͲһ

СӣҲεİɣ

㣬ģ

̫̫ü ŶʲôĹ

йءش

ǲǸһԵϴүϳѯʵ

ҲЩȣʶң

˭֪ϴүЦˣӾCʦ㲻һԺģ֮ǰ˵һѧȻˣɼԻ

û뵽ԼѧУʦİ˵гϣһ֪Ϸڡ

˼Ц ÿɲǺ

ˣн̤׻˵ĺã֪ܸģĪɡֿܹǮջ󣬲ʱֹޣѾ˾ˣ

ނzĵúܻ죬ʫʸ踳ĵĵóҲԵȤ

һ࣬Ѿ;Ŀĵأλ˼һټŶȥʡ԰

ΪԭʡݣͬʱҲΪĴ󽭴ӵķԴأиԭءʪءڡɽҲŷǳϧҰֲ

ɫЭһǳŶ԰Щϧġ

ԱĽӴǵһʱǰȥۿѩ԰ﰲõĶڸεҰѩ

ѩǴèһ֣ҲǱǿƵĳԱԱèǿƣѩʨǱǿơ

èǿ뱪ǿƲϵ֣һȽֵĵ㣬Ǿ

ձıǿƣ϶ᷢͳȻѩȴټĴڡ

˷ͱڵѩɽϣ޴ױ¶٣Լѩѩһ˶

԰еѩΪʹˣˣܵɽµ磬׽

ЩҰģƻָú󣬱ŹȻ

ԣͷѩǲУںСʱͱġ

ѩһĶΪ˶ԿԭȱĻӵſıǻΪ˶Կ䣬ǵƤëŨܣҲɫĻƣǳƯ

ƤëҲǴ˷ǳţŨܱůëɫƤëһֱǲǮĿꡣ

ѩĸԭ˵͵һֱвء

һƵּǣڣᳫûûɱĻ

Ŷڶ԰ȡ죬ʰϻ𳵣ߵĵطʻȥ

ǵĿؾǣչ֮Ƶ
纣ߵ֮һҲ꣬ڽĿеʥء

⣬Աٳ˸ԭӦĵѡ˽Ѫ쵰תΪѪף߶

ҲķɫֱȥܲΪĸԭӦڼҡ

ԭ֮ϣˮϡ߸ǿҡҳŵʱ˷ɹ

ЭϵزţǰϢأǨ㡣

һļֳʱǻǰʼǰʡĿɿ

ЭһΣҪ²ķֳǨ㡣

һԽҰװʳһ˺ƺƵıؾ֮·ʻȥ

һǵĳӾϮ

򵼶Уһ˸ҹķڣˣ˯ڳϣ˯ӻкܶҪ

ҹҹ˴ӣֳ쿪˼ǹɹ˯ˣˡ

ƾĵҹ͸ɫĳ泯߱ޡ 

ܶΪظԭȻɲ淴ֲŷǳʳ⶯

ǡܡȵȣЩĴڣ˵ǳΣաǲܣܵһ֣;޴ëŨܣ
ڱ߽صĽʿ;ǡ

ΪʳԴѷѩԭ߲ܣȫɱһ䵥ĳ˵ġ

ǰͷܣǹ󣬶Ȼɲס

ΪһֽƻĶ̧ͷñеζȻZ·

һϵǸŮŰˡ
Ҷסϣͷܿ뿪

һ£Ǵʳ⶯ˣǳӣôһʱ䣬ӦǸϽ·ͷȴһ̬ڳӵΧţȴһֱ

ᵽڵĳʱȴͻȻʼҧš

һ˲뵽ԭ֮ǰ޺¼ͷʳܣΪϲŮ˵⡣
ѲͷҲˣϾΨһһŮϡ

ҹԱڳӾͷܣڵ׿ǹΪǳԱߵĳӡ

ۿŲԽԽ꣬ҧڳϣ죬Ҳ˻ζȥƳᱻлʱɾ鷳ˡ

ڴߵȻŴҵ棬ҡ³ٶŵĳ˻ǶҪɵȥˡ

˾ǳ⣬׼ͨܿعϳʱ

ֻСԴĲ˵



ǣͷܣͺèһƨɿԶȥܿʧںڰС

˶ɵˣô£

ϢϴųĿɿڴˣƵ˵һ䣺

ôˣˡ

λǾþɳԱȻ޷͵ҲнӴģ͵һǸС¼ˡ

ȷԶԺ³鳵ӵⲻ󣬲Ӱʹá

ڵڶ磬Ӽʻһ̵ʡϡ
Ҹոճ緹һЩţɣţ̡ 

ͻȻһͨ˵

ע⣬ע⣬λѾĿ꣡

ԭոսʳ꣬ͬ˻Դױ仰ˣ콽һˮ

һطͣ͸˲ԶĲԭϣǨĲȺ




100.  ɽ֮      Ŵ̫ 

Ŵ̫ , ˶˳ԶǨĲȺ

ǵʱĲպø˲򾭹˵ء

ԶĲݵϣ󸹱ĴƲ, һͷųԲ, һ˲Զĺˮ

ԭټľ, ̫˿أûпԳĵط

óɡ˳ųһƬ
ӹȪˮƿ, ŸɺԵĺưư촽ƿӣԶĲȺ

ԭŶǴɿ㣬ϣ¼ӵľͷ

ǣΪĴĿɿ, ûǲġοԲӻһʱ, Э׼ıȽϲִ, ûü׼
ԣѡһβǨ㡣

޽·ص·ʱ, пǵָԭǨԡ

, ָԭһٱΣⳤż棬ǡҲûж;Ǳɱԭǵޡ

޷ǳ, ΪƽάľˣоϸΪ6.51m, ƽϸ13.4m

ǶάϸġЩƳɵɳͼʲһַǳݳƷ

ޣ϶ǽƤĵֵǮ͵ǻ߲ƤȻѪɫʬ嶪ڸԭϡ

ڹδϸ͵ԷӣѡڴƲӵʱ򣬽вԡ

м¼Ƭ˵͵߹Ŀɿ

ЩŶӵĴƲ򣬻ûụ̈ѾɱеĻûͱȥƤ
ֻʣ¿ҰϺʬ廹ڶѩԭͬһ㣬ЩѬĵ͵ߣճõСҲûзŹ

ŻĹӣԽԽı߼Уеɥ͵ߵǹ֮¡
һжںתͨʵĺڵıĲѾõһ̶ȵĻָһеŬЧȻ

ƾԼȫܿһһΪװװӣѡӹ˵Զ

һεĸ㣬Ҫ졣
뿪ɵʼڸԭʻûƽ̹·棬ϵĵҲǿң˵ǲСսſС죬ҵĹͷɢˡ

һβμˣò̾Ķﱣߵࡣ

ڲٶȲȳӿ죬Ҳüſ

ڵڶ峿³ȺϢĵط
˿̵ĲݵҲӡѪֳôĿġ

﷢һսھȽԶɫֺܺڡҶû³λӰʦҹģʽټһĻ

һȺԭǣΧһͷеĴԲ򣬲ҳɹԡ

ﾺȻûʲôܵġ

һ£һСȺ򱻳ɢˡһֱ磬ŷȺϡ

ڶ˵ȻϾһ

һ죬߾Ϳˣѡԭ·ء

ز㹻һƵˣص죬뿪ˣȴ졣

˼᳤Ҵ漸죬Ͳһȥˡ

᳤˿ǺðɣԺ󣬼ǵȺ﷢Ϣ

ţõġ

ص齵ıݣǰ̨˵

˼ѷ˰ɣ֪ȥ걱´Ӫĳ𣿡

֮ԶΪСѾźţϵͳˣҲѾɣһ˼ƸʶҵµĵطŻҡ

ԭ뵽ϼޣȲ˵ңԶߣСδ෢չĹУᵽϱΪųˣΪһʱ򣬻ϻٳˡ

ڣ³󲿷ֶﶼֲɿأҲΪʲôЩУûгϱ½ԭ

֮ǰ׷ĲʱѾ塣

Ϊ߷壬ɽ֮棬û̫䣬궼Ǳǡûмطʴˡ

ı棬Ҳɽ֮ء
ֻϧڳ겻ıվĵƣĵɽߣڴˡ

񣬴ȥʵһ߷壬

СѾˣϽҴ

Ӫֱ߾Լ450гԼ700гʱԼҪ14Сʱҡ

гһҪ2죬ܴӪ

һ·ϣҪųƻ318

ǳˣܿԭҵȥĳӡ

Щ˶ʮʮοˣŮЩ˵ʹ壬һҲζһԲ

ϸƤСƴЩǵЦ˵

СˣҪǲע⣬ɾ͵ɹɷˣ

Ҳ֣ܿ˴һƬ

һʼ·;ƽȣԽԽڵִ˺ǧ׵Ӫ

ӪشһɽУԱȽϳ㣬зǳ˲صĸԭӦ

ԭӦĻ³ֱʡ

ǵʱѾǰҹɫ谵ڳҲӪء

͸ۣԿԶ壬ɫϦڰѩɽϣͷ·ڽ̱ڻеʥء

ԴصĲã˵Ӿ񾭡

ܿ죬쳹׺ˡƣϡֻҪһ̧ͷͿԿķͷ

ֻһ˵״̬̫ãҲûжա

ס޷ѷ֣һǼ˵Ĵ̣ͨ۸100Ǯң˼ߴ400顣

ЩǮοϻҪ죬ѡ˵䣬ԷԱ˵

ܻıȽ⼸̫ˣϣܺúϢһ¡

˵꣬Ŵһ϶Ϩ˯ˣһˣҹɫС

Ӫ嶥ֱ߾룬ԼΪ19νɽʵʾ룬Ȼֹôࡣ

ٶһһģڰҹ¡

һûô͵ĵطʼ

˫ֳצٽ˱¶Ѿ½ȡ޴ɽ磬һεƶһ㡣

ƾɫȴؿʵȥ

ڣ賿ʱԶճ˵һ⣬ɹңɽıС

ϾҪʧ𣿡

˲ñڱϣԶ𽥱ʵ

СţѾˣɺϵͳԶա
˸¶ʱԤԤһЩԺϢ޸õġ㣬ܳŸ꣬ǵʡŵá

õġ

׼֮£оһһʹƬ̺赹˹ȥ

ٴǽӲӵ⽫ѵġ

ɴۣųʶ˵

ϧûдСܲܰһĻ

С

ãûκӦֻкХɽ硣



ʮҵӪһƤҰ׵Ŀ꣬סһÿͣʵ

ãܰæĸ𣿡

ÿͽӹֻѽվǣ

΢Цؾļ֣ƵΡѩɽ

һ
Զһ̡




101.  һ      ˾ˣ

˾, 

ѧ˵СӤѧ˵ŴԣֳһԴֵҪӵ

еĹ, عͷСӤЦ˵

ô, ŴҪ˾˱

ӤͬźСС, ϣ¶иոճСֲ壺

ˡ, ÿ

ǺǺǣСǲǸո͵͵ˡ

˵ţƲһ۲輸ϰ¡ڳһı飺

ŶŴֲ͵͵ǣ

˭֪, һ⻰Сھͱ, ƾҪޡ

֮ǰħƶ, С˺һӳһŮӣߵԱ, ӹС

ô, ַ˾˰˾Ҫأ

ӹ, ȥϲˡ

˵꣬Ʋһ۳ʣ

ô, Ҫȥæɡ

ˣˣŰɣаϽˡ㿴ңҰ£Ҹϳˡ

Ϊĸıãʵ

㰲أ쵽˰ɣ

Ѿ·ˣϾܸϻԷ

ǾͺáϵḶ́վɨ˵ȥӵ졣

˵ӡĹ ɰ١

ո£ٶСŮֻϢˡ

һԭǼǰؽʶǶԽϷޡ

Сӣÿȥȥȥ

ܿϢ

ðʱԼʱ䡣

ȭJPG

ŶԷСʧЦС

˵ԴСʧһʧشӪصǡϷޡ

ҲԵɴһϼƣԼȥ֥һ

⼸ҲʱϵһпվͻԼһطΡ

ڼ䣬΢󲿷ֶףȻй顣

Щ꣬ڵǸýƵ׻ˣΪ˻շͻ˺š

ʱչԽԽܹˣ绰Ȩյý壬гҲԽԽ

Ϊˣɫ򿪴һרŽпյýMCN˾
רԷڿյý˺š

ΪڵԱԼýˣΪ˾ϰ֮һ
ƵЧѾŻࡣ

ϾýʱЧԣע˽ӿȡˡ

ڴѧҵ󲻾ãڵɷӣҲǽȽһ

Ҳһôҵ̫Ӱ죬СҲᣬ԰æС

ҲϲСӣϧҲ飬ϾԼɻȨ֮󣬻ǵɡ

һӣֺ鷳뷨

㰲Ƚɣڴѧʱ򣬼쿼У˹ѧûлˣҵꡣ

ˣ

ˣǰȥţ˭֪С̵Ķ⣬һߵǰ档

һ߰Χȹϲ˼£һ߶˵

ȥš

վŵδ㰲

û䣬˳˲٣ҲԲһЩ

裡磡

ˣ˰ɣ

ʱһСӰ˳

ôˣͿҸ̫ˡ

С̾ȵ 裬ôˣ˵ȥ𣿡

ϴҵǸϱÿȥҰɫճҾˡô϶ҵģҲӭ̫ŰЩزɾȥˡ

С̣ѽ˵ɶأҰᡣ

ǰæӹ׼̹á

˼´һӴôôݰкӵöԵ㣬ҵȻֵ÷˿㳢⡣

С̣裬÷˿̫鷳ʱ̫ˡ

ʲôⶼϴˣùģϹˡ

һҲԿ̫̫ҶеЦãܿ˽ȥ

һҹЩһһˣĴͬá

յԺϪĵ绰

ιʮĺŸͬѧʮۻᣬ

Ķʡ

ڿƵ꣡

ãʱ䷢ңҵʱᵽġ

ȵǸʱ䣬ʰһ£ǸƵ¥¡

ϪѾȺʱҵԺһĴѧЩϵ

ڴѧڼ䣬вסĺϪڴʱȥ

ԭƤƦ˧СҲӪͳ˹ͭɫĸӲ

ֻϪ¶һڴ˵

þòȥɣ˶ˡ

ھƵİǰxxһxxʮͬѧۻĺո߽˵ע⡣
ѧУķҲǷ

ԵʮϷԵľѾʲôܡ

ͬѧᵹҲûӰƷϾ󲿷ͬѧͨˡ

ʦ࣬÷˵ģǰһ죬Ӱ컹Ƿǳ̵ġ

̫̫ݺ󣬲òѧͷûа̫࣬ȻȥʮǰҪһ㡣

ϻۣЦ˵

ͬѧһ㶼û䰡һ۾ϳˡ

ԱߵĺϪǻ

԰Ƕˣһ㶼û䡣

ʦӵ

Ҫ˵Ƕûô䣬緢ʱأΪҾϳһ

ͨԷʱҵ֪ˣмͬѧΪԭ

ʱһգ۹ȥʮ꣬ЩûʲôͻɫͬѧѾԲ֡ڱûжֻȫ΢ЦӦԡ

ԶԶԣǵüǵáƾͬѧ˵Ļˡ

һҲо罻ͦ۵Ļ

зֱʱ˺ϪʼæµĹ

µһǰĺϬ˵ľ۾ӵء

˵ɽ壬ɱĩķ淽ʽ

ֻ࣬һǧˣûбΪ塣ϬţϬţΪ顣ǵͼϣһֻ˫βҳųĴ׺

Լ֮ǰϬţǴµġ

ˣ˹ǵӹĸ顢ǵľɫ¹

Щ϶˸صĻͼڡ

һϬţȣı仯ǷǳģϡɼӰӡ

ѾҵϢŨ֮ء

Ź㳡ĺܣˣͷɻԼʲôʱԴˡ

ֻǸ˿̵Ĵʯܺ񣬾ȻԴȣġ

ȻڴйУԹͼӴ׿⣬Ͼ˵ġֱðɣˣ

ףϰΪʲôܺ󣬸оȱȱ

һԵĵλĭӺɵĽܣ

񣬾ǵǺϬȵĺ뵱´ң˵أܽɱ˵ʱʱ죬ҿɱܡһǺͷֻۣ۾Ƶġ

Ĺ£һۡ

͵ߵǸ޵ĲſʱһŶ

ˣƷ𣿡

߽һһ£ЩϤĸоԺеȳ䣬СӵģȻǰǸͷӣһģһֱһģӿ̳ġ

ʲô

 衣

Էһش𣬼û㳯Ʒȥˡ

һǸ˵ıӰ̾һ䣺

̫ˡ

˵̤߽꣬˲ݵĴš




102. []      ҽӢ

ҽӢ, 70һͨļͥã϶

ʱҽԶĴ, зǳкӸд顣

ҾͱС, ģȻҲ, ԶԶȲ

˵ʵСʱҲǼʹģ˭Ư, ҳһ㡣

һұϵСå۸ˣǽųŮӸӸߣǹƥһ١

߸ҽǰ

кóԵģĻָҳԣһ쳤, ǲһԶ׽

, ޵, ǿ޵ҵġǻױʦĺƨһ죬ҿ޳һӡӡ

޵Ǽ, Ҳʲôʡ͵ĵ, ֵģҸ˶ˡ

ڽеӲҽ˼ҡ
һ󳵸˼䣬غ˵û˲Ǯ, һ·ӡ

ʱҲˡϹʲô󸻴ģƢҲʵ

ʱ, 㻳ˣﶼ˻ˡȥˮ·ϣײˣûȹ

һӣû˼ңڻڼ䣬Ҳ˹ȡСֻСһ˶˵⺢ӹ

һ⻰ҾƢˣסЩľ

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