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1.  1 ԭֻĽɫ   Ŵ󷼡

Ŵֻصһ죡
صǸ㷢һʹһ죡
˵ĽֵϣŲŮǣɰĺӣһ˫ӣԼĪСӶݣ°ͣƴСҲˣҲԽԵӵһ˫۾ԲִƤĸӶѵõƤȱʳӺΧ˵Ⱥȣ񻭾Ϲǰͯһ㣬Ե÷üĿ㣬֮ϲ
Ŵ󷼰ӵյýģķЩЩֲ壬ǰһУʵģξ﷢ġ
Ŵ󷼷㶵ʱһһڻɫƣֱŮ˸ǰ
Ůһӣ۾ЩƲĿ⣬Ů˵ӰɣӴÿ濡ݼ϶ϲӵģ
ǰźҪһڰӳԵŮ˲ǱʲôˣȴŴ󷼵Ĵɩݣ˵ǳˣûкӣӣŴ󷼵ĴɩŶĶŴ󷼰Ѻ͸νĳš
Ŵ󷼵ɷΰˮˣ˵ˣźʹɩΪõĻӣ˵Ǹĺһ˼ҡ˵ǺԺ϶ܡ
ûŴǣسǵĻվźӿ˼ҵġ
ֻô벻ͨӣǱҪĺӣôðӸˣ
ɵӶ֪ӵĸԼĺӵĻˡ
Ŵֻ֪һһֻһʵСѣһ˫ŮҲǱʲôˣǱǰĸŮŮֱӴˡ
ûǰŮˣһ˷ӣ
ⱾдĹƨͨ鶼һԶŮĶ֮£ȫԺֻһCTM
Ȿ棬ǵȻCǵýŮ
Ȿǣһ˫Ů
һĴг޵ˬģŮ¼ƷݣӲʱΪİĽ٣ͰԼ˫Ӹֱ͸νġˡˡ
ʵϣӣֻ䵽һ˷ӵ˷ֱˡ
Ŵ󷼵Ůֱӱ˷ȥһɵ˼ͯϱʮ꣬Ӿͱʵܲˣֱˣر飬Ȼʱ䲻󣬵ѾԼĵַѭŵַһȥȴһΡ
һΣŴ󷼰Ůͬһˣ˾˵ͬһŮȥشһ꣬Ů󣬾ͱޱȣֵܶȢϱ˷ӣŴ󷼺޵˼ļӣһˣûȢϱأŴ󷼰ԼŮȥ򹤣ͷ˰Ժ󣬸ŴһǮŴôһǮȢϱ
һߣŴ󷼵ŮȴͷͷȥܲĥŮڵһԺֱɱˡ
˵Ŵ󷼵ĶӴ󱦣󱦱˷һӵļͥ⺢ûܵŰþȥûã˾ͻ˺ˡ
Ⱥ󱦾ͳ˵ждˡ
ͱǼҳ㷹񶾵áȴǾĴߴ١
Ǽ˰Ѵ󱦵ūţȼڵλ£Ҳ´⺢ӱüȵŤˡ
󱦱һӣֶΣΪ˹ϸԣ󱦿ʼһпõĶ˵Ķӣȳȥɽϴʱ͵͵˼ҵĶ£ֱӰ˺ţֺ˵Ů˵Ů󱦳Ӣ˵ŮԴ󱦰أȥ
Ҳ˳ռĸһӵĲƲЩ˹˴ѧ
Ϊ˳ͷأʶһλС˫İ׸ʱΪ˰׸Դ󱦰ĸŮֱɱˣ£׸չҵ׷
ʱҲϲ˰׸׸İ¹⣬ܹԼϵŮ˱˿ӣϧҾԣһٶŮİæ󱦺δɣԼ˫ȱ֫ˡ
˫ȱ֫Ժ󣬰׸С˫Ȼ˴󱦣󱦺޼ˣС˫ٴαŮ֣ŮѰ׸С˫ȳʱС˫Ѿڣɱˡ
󱦵Ϊŭ˷ҪôӴˣ󱦿Ϊǣȴܾ˱ؤå裬һӳԲů󻹱ҰҧϹ۾һҹһ˹ȥ
뵽ӵĽ֣Ŵ̲סٴδһҽİԼǣ
ȫ벻ͨԼΪλ˵ĺͿΪλôԼ⣿Լϵ⣬ôˣ
оԼһľż˲һ£Ͳ˼ֻܸľȥ
ڣȫľ飬¶Լһ𾪣ǣȴҲһӵĺݾ
Լ뿪ԼˣԼˣҲҪԼӺúõػţԶҲԼĺӷֿ
뵽Ŵ󷼶ݺݵĵǰ˷ӣĿϹĹۣϽԶ㣬Ȼﲻˡ
˷⻰ȻЩżˣеĵιŮͬ־˵զ˵õĺӸңܴɩܵİǮҿɶ׼ˣ󷼰Ҫˣ㻹أʧˣӣԺզ죿ټޣҲ޲ʲô˼ңպس£˼ҿʽģ޹ȥˣֻҪӴԺ󱣹ܳôõ¶ŵûң󷼰㻹ԥʲô
һԣŴߵĺӱŵɫҰףסĸ׵֣ŵŵ裬裬ǣǳԵ٣ܸɻ
ųŴֱӲˣҿ˿պÿԶվ̨иŰĸߴˣŴֱӶŲԶ˵˷ˣ
ǰੲݵ˷ȫûϵŴ󷼻ôһ״ɵˣɣһ³ǰ汼ܹȥ
Ѿ
һԣǸԭϳ˴ӳһ弸һ߹ȥһãһ°˸ץסˡ
ԶѲҲ˹ֱӸ˷Ů˼ҵǱԩģûйӣû
ǲ˷ӣֱӻؾ˲֪
ѯŴûˣŴǿһ˿Цݣû¡
û£һԣ񾯶һȥ¼ˡ
ھ֣Ŵóӿ֤ø񾯵ǼǺ񾯵ʣ϶˵Լӵģֻ˵ԼسʳӵģʵϣӸ֤Ҳôһ֤֤Ŵ󷼵Ĵɩȥӳġ
˵Ҳ֣Ŵ󷼵ĴɩһֱŴɩͣҲ֪ôģԸȥӳŴ󷼿֤
涼ҪƱݵʱҪӿ֤ܳеġ
Ŵ󷼾;ԼӺƵģɵɵһԼ̱ĴɩȻˣ
һң˷Ϲӵʵַͨʹ˷Ӿʲôˡ
ԭ˷ӣŴ󷼵ĺӣڽһõ˼С֪Ժ󣬺ܿ˷ָĵص㣬˷ӵͬץͬʱûСк
Ŵ󷼣Ϊٱ˷йֱӱ񾯽ʮԪǮĽ
ǰ캢ӵļͥ༤ˣ֪ŴЭץ˷ӣüֱֵӰѶƱǮŴ󷼻ﶪŴ󷼻æȥƴգ˼һƱˡ




2.  2    Ŵ󷼺Щˡ

Ŵ󷼺Щ˸ĸļҳ飬ĺһˣܶͥһ¾ͻٵˡ
Щ˷ӻͬæץ˷ӵ˵ͬ־ҽлѷҵֵĹˣ֪˷ӻûбŻΪİȫȥдסһɣãϳ
ŴæԶԷлˡ
лѷԼһװˣͦεĸͷͦԼʮңŷǳľǴŵһԵرӢ䡣
һӢг˵ĳ˵ˡ
ддķԱӢлѷ̬ȷǳ飬ͬ־һĿס𣿿Կһ䷿
⻰ŴЩΣһԵлѷµĵһ䷿
գ
Աܿ쿪÷лѷŴ󷼵ϣֱ͵ķ䡣
ͬ־ˣϣ㣡
ллͬ־ˡ
Ӧõģ
лѷдһ䣬سһСԺǰ
ţһ˰ѷŴˡ
ϵܣ㲻ôֻˡ
лѷڻվһ˷ӣͰѳˡ
̾һлѷӭСλǸʲô뷨ȥʡǺ͵ϱ𣿡
˵ĻлѷɫӲһ£ţµĵɡ
أ˻飬ĺӿû˸㿴ţʱզ죿
лѷԺ󣬺Լ磬ġ
л⻰̾һҪսѵĺͻȥйϵ㻻һݹ
лѷҡͷҵ֮԰װĹøսѣΪ˼һֻ첲ģսѵĺӣ˼Ϊ˾ңˣϱҲܵˣܲܿ˼ҵĺӶһǸ𣿸磬Ը˵ĥӣ磬ǲ֪ϴλؼҿӵʱ򣬺ǸģݵþʣһƤˣϻбĺۼϵġҪǡѾģûˣʲôûˡ
лѷھһҵֵССˣϣһ¾ʮԪǮƧĵطľϱҲ⡣
ǣ޷͵ģǸŮ˲Űӣñӣ˵Ļ嶼ûУΥǵĻ
뵽лѷɫѿ

лѷĴлյҪʵڲУѺӶɩӸ㿴ҲСһˣһҲӦõġ
лѷ⻰ֻá
ҺҲ٣ҸɩӲһˣԼ飬ô鷳Լĸ磿뺦Լɩӳܡ
лռˣ㲻Ȱ
дӽд䣬Ҳ̲סİŴ󷼸ס
裬裡
ССƽıŴ󷼣һġ衱ĺźӵĿ־ͼҡ
ŴæӶ§ڻ費ǵģҵıҪҪô˷Ӻ˵ġ
ʵϣԴŴ󷼵ɷΰʧԺŴ󷼵źɩӵˣͶνŴ󷼰Ѻˣ߰ѺŴ󷼸ļޣֻŴһ᲻úӣҲǾԼɷŴΰ϶ûԣһֱϸļޡ
˿ûֻͰѴ˵Ļ˶ҰѴ˵Ļ档
ӴСʹֻΣҲǲµһЩʲôġ
ŴڣȻ֪˭дģȴʮ˴
ôõĺӣôú뿪Լ
һʱʹְûڡ
һжûü﷢ԣü
üúõչ˺ĺӡ
úˣۿڻ磬ŴһۺӵģһһǣӣߣǳԺóԵȥ
ʵ̫ˣǰŴǹӵΰӿ̱ӵĳʳŴȴǱϰ׵뷨Ѷʶøӡ
ڿܾǰԼɵơ
ϲȣСТ
뵽Խ¶˾ģԺ󶼶మӺԼһ㡣
ȳдڳұߵĽֵһ䣬ܿ˹Ӫꡣ
Ŵ󷼴߽ȥֱڷԱˡ
ʱķ˶ΪˣŴ󷼿˿ˣôˣûúõĳԹˣһţһ⣬׷
ʱԷҪƱݵģҲŴ󷼿ʼٱ˷ӣüСļҳƱݣŴܹ˳ˡ
ʱסһдֻҪëǮһݺţŲǴ⣬ȻҲΪˣֻëǮһƱһٷһһԪëǮ
÷ˣĸ˾һԵųԷˡ
Щ˶պõĴˣ˺ܿͶӿһ⣬۾ɵôģֱˮ
Ŵ󷼸Ӽһ⣬ӡ
裬óԣûгԹôóԵˡ
裬ſζ̫óˡ
Ȼ룬ǺٳϸǴʱŰĴ׷⣬СùĹĵģǻЦݡ
Ŵ󷼵ĺˣŴڳʳоϸƷʳʵûôζһ㣬⣬ֲȱʳһڳԵľͲˡ
ĸ߸˳Էʱ򣬷߽һŮˡ
Ů˴źɫӴ£һ˫ɫСƤѥһͷСһǼΪĦǺʱеŮԡ
ŮӪԺֱӶԷԱ״˵
ڷĺܿһ˳
ˣã
λЩУǰCǷ̸Ĺ˼ˣ
һԣ״һ⻰ɵˣǶ⼦Ƕһ鼦𣿡
⻰ɫһ±ˣ˴ӾţΪһٶȻԹ͢˼ȻԹȴ֪ô
˵ǣʲô߰⣿üĶ⼦濴źͶ죬ȴʵʵڣǼģһ͢ˣ
״һ⻰ɫҲˣǣҲһЩҳˣ֮͢ϵεĲˣǵ治
״Ҳᰡ
⻰ɫˣ㶼ᣬǽǣ˭һôһ˶ûдԺĺôźã
һԣŴ󷼱ֻʱ⻰ȴ̲סһ
Ŵ⻰һһԣˣ״һ³˹
˵
һԣ⻰һץסŴ󷼡
Ҫ֪͵Ĺ˵ǷǳҪˣе쵼ķ˶⣬ôܹڽǣ
ǻеҪչǿ϶Ҫ¼ӵ¹ľӢΪ˽ǻеչҪ˲š
һᣡ
Ŵٴο϶ĵͷ
⻰˵ڹӪһοҪʲôϣ״ǰȣһҿǼģǮ϶ٲġ
Ŵæãֻҵĺӻҵôźӣ
˵ȥҰ㿴źӡ
ڽ˵ĴŴҲŵģ쵱ŮĸףŴ󷼵Ǹ㣬޸˵ǰ򣬼ȻеĽɳġ
׬ǮҪַԸӼ䣬Žȥæˡ
Ҫѡˡ
Ŵ󷼰ԼҪ״˵ˣӪĺպ㹻ʳģһԵİæѼɱˣѼ˳
Ŵ󷼾ͿʼˣѼ⿪ʼޣ˵ۣ֮ఴһıʼ




3.  3 ĵƬ   ˵Ѷȣ

˵Ѷȣ˵ҲףŴ󷼵ĸˣС͸ĸѧϰգڸֲ˵䷽ԼأԺܿ죬ͬһĲˣͳǰ
Ȱѩ׵ģźͶļ˳һԵĽԼˡ
˼ĵûˣġ˵ŻƷһ£ƷԺԽļˣζʵ̫ˣҳԹļ!е񶹸ԵζǸ㣬ۻ
Ŵ󷼵ļõ˽˵ļߵ
״Ʒһ㣬ҲŴȻ𾴡
Ĳ˱ˣһҲŴ˵ˡ
һ£˵ͬ־˻ʲô͢𣿡
Ŵ˼һ£ĵƬ֮ģ֪Ƿʺϣ
һ˫۾ɵôģʲôĵƬʲộ
ĵƬƬĵ״Ĳɫζȫһ̲ˣκĵ죬зɫĻ䣬ɫĻɫĻҶڻʹô̫ϲ̣һ̣ʳİڷֵһˣͶأһ߶һ߳ԷζԣһݲףҲõ˴ʹĹϲ
һǹ͢ף˶ŴԽȻ𾴣ǹӪ״ˣҲԽŴ󷼹ˡ
İ壬ͣͬ־ǰð죬ĲɫԾɰ֮ǰĹ״ȥð졣
ԺʱŴҲ͸״ˡ
ŴһС֪࣬ΰ飬ʵӹ÷ǳѡ
£˶µ׬֣ΰļûзּңŴµ׬ǵ㹫֣Ǳΰĸĸ˴Ӽȥˡ
Ŵһ˫СŮһӪĳʳ̲ŵġ
ʼ͢ˣŴҲʱ˼ҪΪӣҲҪı·
ңżңԼԼ޵ĹˣǶǿסˣŴΪӣųҲҪ·׬Ǯû뵽ڽСسˣ
Ŵ󷼻ƵԽϸˡ
æһ󣬰ɫ˵Ŀ˵ˣֱӭ˳ȥŴ󷼣ҲͰ˸ˡ
˰һ쵽ӪԱ㿪ʼϲˡ
Щ棬ŴۣλɫЩ԰ףŴĸݵ꣬ڿµĵԼ̵ֹʱ򣬾͵ɴ۾
⣬⣬Ҳǲˣ
ǰĵźĵ죬̵Ļ̵֦ĻҶŷɫģʢĵ꣬ۻɫĻƻɢĵƵġ
ǰѧ˲𾪵˵űŤģ⡣
һԣһɽװŵ壬ĿӿǰĲɫҲһ㶡
˵ˣúýܽЩɫ
˲Ǳˣȴǽ˵ɷ򽭳ǻеĳ־
ԭΪһЩìܣʱдĲɫǶԽ˵ΪĹۣԼˣȻҪǿȴһȵˣⲻΪ˰Լдͣô׼ôһϲϵˣɶǼΪѵõĹ͢ˡ
̬ⷬȴŴ֪ˡ
ʱ˱㿪ʼŴ˵Щʼɫ
һĵƬǰƬۣͨһĴٽըԺŰ̳ɲˡܵ˵һ˷ǳķѵĲףһˣҪһɫ֣йƳŮϲĵĵ֮࣬м壬һˣǺܵô̫ϲ
ԭЩĻ꣬ȻƬ⻹һˣҿҪúƷˡ
˵ŻӣƬ
ƬԺ̾̾ѣȻѾЩɫסˡ
Ʒ˼̵ĵʡ
һֲоףȴ
ʵϣҲһ׸ˡ
˵׵Ĺ󣬵֪ҪˣҪſԣֻгԵԷӣƷһӣһʱͽʵĻסˣ˿ʼ壡
գһٷԵķǳľˡ
ұڹȤϾҵǰ£һЩõ飬ˣһٷҿǵĳ⣬ɣҴӦǣҿڹ꣬ǵĹʦмָ
ǿ̫ˡ
ԭǰĵ¹ǽسеרңڷչڣܶ༼ȥΪܰ˵ɷѿˡ
أ峯ʱ򣬾ǹڵĸ̣主Уڣ߶׼Ҳ⣬ڹڵˣǶʮ꣬ȴûܰȥ
УǶʮȥġ
Źڲɹ¹е豸ҪָĻعҪĿģΪѰˡ
룬ȴõ˽ӵ롣
Ե÷ǳˣɵ֪λĲˣܷ
˺Цλɻһ
˵ŻȥŴ󷼺˹
Ŵ˼дҪԼҲǼΪȵģŽ˹
ڽΪ˽Ժһľȡ
ԭ֣Ŀһװˣ˿Щݣƴŵ¹˵ľͰԭЩĵ̬ȣڿòŴ󷼵ʱ۾ǲ˶١
С㣬͢ˣģ
ǵģ
λ˹ĵģɫЩ԰ףǷǳӢóһԪǳãһƬȥүү룬үүһǳ˵ġ
ȻԵģ
գǿҪ£ŴݹСѣдŵ֣ΪһƬ
У˹͢ˡ
ֵүүڶǰԹ͢ˣһֱִ˴λعҲΪֺүү
λ֣Ĵ󷽡
ǰһӵĲˣ˲ã˼ҹдʵ۵Ĺ͢дˣһʱжӦ°ָ
º󣬽ȥסڷлŴ󷼡
סŴ󷼵֣ͬ־̫лˣɰҵĴæˡ
Ŵ⻰æˣ
˼̬󷽣Խϲɵ״ǹӪ껹ȱ𣿲ͬ־Ĵн
״ȻҵｭˣæȻǼԸͬ־˲ǹӪģֻǷʱû
Ҳһ˵⻰ֻõú⣬йϢˣðͬ־нС
ǣǣ˵ǡ
תͷóʮԪǮһƱݸŴ󷼵ͬ־ɰҵĴæˣðϯĳͣš
Ŵûƴǣлˣ
ֵͬ־סԺϯӲϯ棿
ŴȻûеõӪĹٽϯĻᣬǴϲæȻԸġ
Ǻã´ϯҪ㣡
Ŵ󷼵ļͥסַżҴҵˡ




4.  4 黨   һߣ״ǡ

һߣ״ͦ˼ģպ÷ЩʲôģæøŴ󷼣ͬ־ЩʣµģᴦҪȥҹ
Ŵ󷼼ҪҲͽˣлл״!
״Ҽ˵治ǳһҪлͬ־أ
״ˡŴ󷼺˼䣬뿪״˿ܣͬ־ǶԲסҲʵǹӪģһ󣬿ҪһС㲻⣬ʱҾƼƼ㣡
ʱ˻Ƕʵģ״ʶŴ󷼵ĳգŴ󷼷ǳ
ŴæлŴźӻصд
ȻȥԺдķԱ¯һ°ӣְѰӷָԷһڶԷĸл֮Уźӿʼ԰ӡ
ӳô󣬾ûԹӣʱŰӣҲĿĸˣҸ۾ˡ
裬ôóԵĲأ
Ȼͷ⣬ҲóԵġ
ţ
ԴСף˲ѡ
裬ҲҪǸ
ã
裬ҲҪǸ
ã
Ŵ󷼿Լӣôôĸӵһ𣬳Ա㣬˯¡
˵ڶ죬һλлѷͬ־һ͸Ϲˡ
ĸ¥ʱ򣬸պþͿ˸ߴлѷվһԣȻѾȺʱˡ
Ŵ󷼵лѷͬ־ã
лѷͷãͬ־ȥվ𣿡
Ŵ󷼵ȸ鲼·òȥлѷͬ־¾ȥæɣ
ӴŲ·ѾˣһһŴ󷼵øðް
лѷ⻰˿ӣҪ򲼣
ǰڹ޻͸ˣ
лѷһ覴òûôÿǲҪƱ۸ȹˣҪ𣿡
ҪҪģ
У
лѷŴ󷼴һ֣سǵĹš
ںţüڽ˶лѷ溰һ䣬һһ˴˳
˶лѷһȭͷл㣡
ţæ
æɶתҵԺÿʹⷿе÷š
лѷ͵覴ò޻һŪ·
ӴлҶˣⷿһ覴ò޻Ūһ㣬ֻܸһС֡
ҲС
лѷŴ˽ȥ
һԵĿⷿ淭ңһ޲޲ǺɫС黨Ļرϲ죬ҲһЩ߽ЩطӡȾ˱Ļɫ
Ǯ
ڵһƥһǮУ
Ŵ⻰֪ԼճлѷĹˣôһƥ˵ЩɫûӡȾã˼ҸôһƥǿԲüٵ·
Ŵ󷼾Ҫˡ
ִһ޻
Σֻȳôһ𣿡
ʵĹֿ⣬вͬŴ󷼲Ǹ̰ĵģæ˹ˣ̫лˣô޻˸һްܸһµСӡ
֮ϲˡ
Ҫ֪ŴŪްˣһֱŪ޻
⻰ʵЦһ£޻ҲһǮɡ
ŴóһǮţһӵ޻ˡ
ͬʱȴţȻͷسǣԼǿһЩʳúøлһЩźлѷ
ĲˣŴ󷼱źӳؼҡ
һԣлѷĬĬѶţǻǣӣɫᣬĵģһʱЩ
ͬ־ҵĺɡ
Ŵ¶ЦݣҼӶܶ£
лѷЦۡ
ͬŮˣӣŷҲģƤңȴŰӵ飬ٿǰŮˣԺôͳ磬۾Ժİ⣬޷ֵ
ȰѶŴϳӣŴ󷼶л˻֣תͷˡ
Ŵ󷼲ò̾ϻǺ˾Ӷࡣ
سǵӵĴͳֻҪһëǮƱԺŴ󷼽ӣ˼ȴЩƮ
ɷΰʧ٣˶˵ΰˮߣֻ׶༪ˣⱾ飬֪Ŵȴ֪ɷΰû
ΰûˡ顱ˡ
Ȣӣʱ䣬ѾˣǸĺӵֽȺⱾ

ŴģƤԶɹڵƤۣͦӣ촽ģģΪӪʱ˶ݣŴȻҲǳֵĵطȴǳģ˿һַ֮С
ΰֹһ˵ģŴ󷼵һΡ
ϧŮˣʱˣܻջƻ
ļ¶Ǹʱ䣬ģ͵ˡ
ľ飬ΰðǱĵܵҵ֣ȥسĸĳӵŮġ
ĳֻܷͣһŮѩѩ˶֪ȢܳӵǧԺɻڴڻ¡
ŴҶΰˣԼ̲סھͳȥǶԹŮˡ
֮ڲȥΰˣҪԭ򣬻ڼĵأ
ǵģϾҪֲˣΰʬûҵԵ˷ֲʱҲΰһݡ
ֲ˼꣬ڻվǨӸسΪмǣЩֲլػأһ¾ֵǮˡ
ǰΰĸףɩˣ֪˷ֲϢҪռŴ󷼵˵أʹΪŴ󷼺õĻӣǰŴ󷼰Ӹˡ
ȵֲʱŴ󷼼Ŀ˵լػȫҴɩռˡ
ȻվǨʱǨ⳥˺ݺݵķһʣľ飬Ŵ󷼶ΰм˵ı̵˽⣬һˡ
һΣӵĶһЩռˡ
ڳӻλ֮УţҲˡ
Ŵ󷼱ŴСǣ˳ӡ
Ŵ·ڵҴ壬ϻмʱ·̣ӻСŴʵڲúܿ࣬ҿû˳·Ҵţ
˳Ժ󣬶ӡࡱһ
Ŵ󷼿ӣæ󱦶𣿡
Щɬ裬ǶǶǶˣû
Ŵ⻰ӵͷȻˣ¹ȥ
صӣŴ󷼵ҲҲмǮȴźӳһٺõġ
źӳȥ
һмʷˣʯ̳ɣֵߣвľͷɵӡ
Ŵ󷼿мҵͦģʹ˽ȥ
ϰ壬黨ӡ
ˣ
ϵҵҲǹӪ꣬ӪǱһЩɫСԡ
ܿ죬黨Ͷˡ
ɫ黨ںˮŵζ黨Ŵűһζ
ҲǷζ
ҵ̵Ľӣ˱زֵǮϺ飬ŷĭ֭һҧȥŵĸζò˵䴦и֣ϵļá
һԣ󱦺ͶǴû¹ӵģ黨Žӣ̲סһһֱѶӳԵԲͣ
ߵʱŴִһӣŻؼ͵͵ӳԡ
ҲûзּңŴ󷼼Ҫӣһһ߶˴ţӣһƫΰĴһӣŴˣ˼ҲūͶԴˡ
ȳԱ㣬ĸ˱ŰӴȥӴڣţͣˡ




5.  5 ƻ   Ŵĸ˵ġ

Ŵĸ˵ãյڣǻҴţǡҪشȥŴĸæһţ
ţǴӵģһֻҪһëǮٹһ£ֲţʱͻֵȥˡ
ϳԺŴ󷼸ϳͷһëǮͷ˿ӣǮ˻ȥ
һë͹ˣ
ŴҲûƴǣǮ˻
ţϣͷдţϱɩӵˡ
Ŵ󷼸ոţСĴ˹ȥŴ󷼵ӣһ˫۾ڷ⣬󷼣Сɶ
Ŵ󷼿һۣҴҼһ޻Ͳ·
Ӵ޻ǿǺööǺö
˵ŻҪץŴ󷼵ĴӣŴæѴԼƨһţǣ棬ƲƲ죬һԡ
ɩӿŴ󷼱ӣɺĵ󷼰˵ȥسȥôִˣ
һԣ⻰ɪһ¡
Ŵ󷼰Ӳɽ§˻ɩӣҼҵĺӣһһֱߣ˭ҲҺͺӷֿ
⻰ɩӵɫЩ΢⺢뿪ԼӰɲһܹģ󷼰ܰѺӴߣɼһõģɱЩ˵Լһӵ顣
⻰Щˣͬĵ󷼣ɵȥسǣȥźʹɩǶ˵ˣȥ﹤˼ͥȥ˴·Դ⣬ôܰѺӵǰ̸ˣ
Ŵ⻰ҲЦЦĵĵҲӣҪΪ˺ӵǰ̣ôһţȥ
⻰ɫһ±ýӲˡ
Ϊã󷼣㲻ʶľˡ
ŴƲƲ죬ҴɩƽնզҲҴɩ߸أƽնҺҵӶ̱ȻƲĺΪҵĺӿˣֻĺİҿɲҵ
⻰˵ţＸﶼһݣ
ǰŴ󷼵Ĵɩǿ߸ӣôãɩΪʲôԼĺȥҪȥֻŮԼȥˡ
ɩƲƲ죬죬һͲǸõģƽ£ǼʵģǸõĲŹ֣
Ŵ󷼵Ĵɩһ͹Ͷ࣬˾ͽ졣
ɩôһ˵Ŵ󷼵Ļһԣļ˲˽
Ŵ󷼼״ǵЦһֻԼ§ڻӵýġ
дСĴڣȻصԼǸôɩ϶ᱻŵġ
⣬ҲŴҪЧ
ţҡҡλ֮УֹСʱţͣڴڵĴǰŴһһֻǣź³
һûзּңʳ͹ֶӰѿصģΰˮԺŴ󷼴ӾԽѹˣӺɩһһտ̱ŴĸˣĿľĸ˶ߡ
Ŵ³Ժ󣬲ûֱǣӻżңǰĴţŹɩ˹ȥΧÿգŴ󷼽ס˹𻨡
𻨼Ŵ߹ɵ󷼣ôˣ
Ĵ֧ǹ𻨵Ĵ󲮣𻨱Ըڿ죬Ǵĸ˶ҵŴóˮݸ𻨣ɩӣˮǸҴ졣Ǹɩӣ֪߻ƺãܰҵӷްһС𣿡
Ŵ󷼵Ҫ󣬵ûоܾ͸ް⵱Ȼ԰ˮûȥӳԣɱɩҿˡ
Ŵæɩӣ֪ûּңûȥҲָ˭ĶأǹĶң뺦ҵĺӣ´λʲôɩӣ֮ҷģлһҪġ
⻰ҲûƴǣУҾͲˡ
תͷִһԵ﷭˷һһִֺĴƻ
ʱƻΪѵãҴ帽ʢˮ͸ĺƻɢŹӵӿ촽
Ŵæлǣӻؼȥˡ
Ŵ󷼵ɷΰԭֵܣֱΰҵ
Уΰҵ˫ֵ̥ܣҵǰЩּĵʱ˵һκݵʱʧˣڵңΰֵˡ
Ŵ󷼳ҵԺ߽ȥʱںɽ裬һܲԺļѼ߳һ̣ԭϲ̵ɫһ±ýӲˡ
ӿŴӣݺݵĵŴ󷼣㲻Ǵȥسȥôִˣ
ɩҲ˳
ɩڿӵʱɫͱѣݺݵĵӴƿôֻˣûȥŴ󷼣ôô֪ôҿ̣òףΪ󵽵ĺ˼Ұ㿴㣬ôô£
ŴסӳȥĵɩҺ߸أ㷴ȱӣ³ԴĺĺȥȥɡҼҵĺӣǲ뿪ߵġ
ɩ⻰ԽĿ̱㿴ɥǣžͰ϶ˣɥǵĺӣҪͲˣ㻹ʲôѵҪźӰȫҶ𣿰ӴιңʲôôȢϱ
ŴøáԼûʲôģáԼĺӣǿ϶ܡ
ΪһӵĸףŴ󷼿˿ɩĵɩҽܵ˼ңǿǡ˼ҡ˱سǹץסˣʣ˲ʲôسǵĹˣһ˵˷ӣˣǸֵ˵˵ˣҴɩ˵˷ݣɩ˵ҪҪٻسȥֵ˺ú˵˵
ɩ⻰ɫһ±ˣҲɸɪһ¡
ɩ˸ĵŴ󷼣˵ʲôʲô˷ӵݣҲ˵ʲô
ŴĿɩӣ֪Ǹ˷ӣȴҰѺӸȥǣǺӵġˡ
˵껰Ѷߵӡ顱һ¹š
棬ӺɩĶáҲͣˣʱݴһӵ֮ǰΪŴ󷼰ˣѵõ⡣
ӵ˼ʹ⣬϶ҲûŴĸһݵġ
Ȼ棬ɩĶ󸻶һĴŴĸӵӸǰ
󸻵ˣˣֺóԵ⣬Ͳƿԣߣ
Ŵ󷼿ЦһֱһԹɩӸƻƻǵĴӣҲǡ
ããǳƻ
Ŵ󷼰ƻ沿λпһС鲢ĲֹȡִӷİϣȡһЩƻ
ƻˣƻ򵥣ҪٿζƻζһǳζķģŴǷǳʺӡ
ûзּңҵĴǰݺģŴ󷼱óԵģʵҲס
ƻ򵥣һɰأһڵء
һЩ濪ʼŹƻ
һԣɩƲƲ죬ˮ𣿰ӴιٲҲǳ⣬⣡
ŴЦһôҴЩ̱ĺӣֻרĵĶŵ𣬶룬ּǲˣϾ޻ϷڹɩӼҲ֪ԼңûסԼЩ
ֻзּңֻжŶܱסԼĶ




6.  6    ڴ󷿣ɩš

ڴ󷿣ɩԼļӶŶĸŮ˽˿û𱸵˼Խĵˡ
Ŵǳ֪ΣĶŮˮȣӣĶŮڳ⡣

뵽ɩһתţǱһ˼Ҽʵһ˼ҵǰһϱǸģǰպȥˣǼסש߷϶ϱżӼ޹ȥǹȥˡ
⻰ɩһۣǾͺý˸϶ϱܽܰɣۼ޹ȥסש߷Ǹиġ
ɩƲƲ죬ɲǸиģ
ˣǼʲô
죬Ǹɱ츻Ҫ˵ˣ츻ӦһĴ⣬һӵʳأ
һʳҰһ촽ʲô˵ˡ
Ͻ϶ϱ˵ŵĹˣ׼ϱޣ
ɩ츻󣬼ŮˣҪŮܴӡ
ӵĵȰ˼޹ȥӣʱسݣҸȥˡ
ɩ⻰ʲôˣ̵Ӧֻų극ȥŴ˵˵ϵĺ¡
ʱŴ󷼲֪ԼѾɩ˵ˣŻ򲻴ѹǻҿˡ
ҿǣһŨĹζʹ˳
ֹӵζżϢֵľζţ̲סʿˮ
С̲סչۡ
裬ƻ𣿺㰡
ֻذ׵ƻɫɫƻпڴľƻĻϹ㣬ζϢرţžЩ
裬ܳ𣿡
أÿһ£ڸвܸã
ûֳɵĿ䣬Ŵֻڹ׼ȣƻһɢȥˮĹ̡
Ŵ룬Լ¼ңǵŪһ̨ɡ
Ĳ˺ܶ࣬вٲҪ俾ƣʱ˺һǲ
һԣԭŴĴ󷿵ļӣȻ;ûôˡ
ƻɢζ󷿵ļҲ̲סΧ˹
ǲˮôôζ
ƻأŲˮ
ǣ⼸ƿƻԣҲŲأ϶ƭ˵ģ
ŴĿ˴󷿵ĺһֱۣӰѹǽҿȻѹƻиԼߵӡ
ƻƣȻ¶Ȳ̶ȵİƻϢӷ˳ľζϣγ˶صϢһ̲סŵζԵϢ
󷿵ļ۰Ͱ͵ĿţŴȴ˿Ϊֻ˿ӼһС飬úСڳԡ
Ѿˣһڵƻܿͱ¶ˣ̲סˣֱһҧȥ
ƻһŴ㣬󱦶ó𣿡
ţúóԣ裬ƻ̫ζˣ
ӵͷСףѾϳԹˣǴʱȴԾɵֵʳջ
һԣ󷿵ļӿͶˮˣ󸻻ȥ󱦶ĳʳŴһסˣֻӼڰƻꡣ
Ⱥǰƻ꣬Ŵ󷼴ֱӽݣš顱һ¹
Ǳ󷿵ĺӿûõģ⼸ӿǴŴĸû۸͸ղţӻŴĸˣŴԼʳǿ϶һڶԸ󷿵ĺӳԡ
أ裬̣ҪƻҪԣҪԣ
ɩӻŴĸأ󸻵ĿæҴҵ˳
ɩźӾۣæס˺ӣҵĶʲôƻƻ
ƿƻˣɺóˣأҲҪԡ
ɩʵҲŵƻ׾ζһĶζʱɫ
Ŵ󷼣˵һˣô˼ҶģƻôԶʳĳ⣬Ҳ´öǣ
ŴվЦһ׬Ĺ֣׬ʳĳЩöǵ˹ӻԣҪ洩öǣѵЩռ˱˹ֻʳȴø𣿡
ɩŴ󷼼ҵɫԽһƣ͸Ů椸˹ȥ
ɩһߴһ߶񶾵áƤǳĶ˭һĵĶؼȥȱԻȱ㴩ˣզôϸţ쿴ﲻȣ
椳úںݵģʮСˣҲ͸ʮСƵģʱɩ׷Ŷ⺢ӷһĲҽУһԵĴ󱦶̲סӣ濴ȥ
һ߱һ߿޺أȾңȾңء
Ŵ󷼴ֽĴȥһ¿˱椣ɩһֳĹӲ϶򣬺ӱɫҰףڵϲϷģźò
ŴƲƲ죬ﰵЦ
֪ɩĴŮΪʲôɩΪ˱ŴóƻĶ
öԼŮﵽĿĵΪǰǾģ椣Ŵ󷼿òģͻĹǹ֮óɩҪˡ
ͳȥĶɩתͷԼĶӣΪŮ椣ʲô̲ŵġ
Ȼˣֻĺӣ椣ҲһŤģ֪жŴΪʲôͰѺö͹ȥǵһٶ
һΣŴ󷼸ÿһݣתͷóӣӳԡ
ĵ裬Ҫóȥ𣿡
ǰŴ󷼶ǰѼĺóԵø˴󷿵ˡ
ŴĮĵá˼ҽѵԼŮʲô£ۼҵĳʳųԾˣϾܹųԴ⣬òۼȥ¡
󱦶⻰˵ĳ
⺢ܾýⲻһǸϲ衣
棬ɩＫΪƣӰˣߵӣԾɽĹţǲ򿪵Ķ
򵽺棬ɩְָ죬ߵӻûжգҲˣߺ޵İѹӶһߣĽȥˡ
ɩûŴűˣԽŴ󷼸ˣԺĥÿ֨죬޺޵ĵŴ󷼣ţĺӻںͷ
һҹ޻
ڶһ磬Ŵ׼źӳţӵĴţͱÿˡ
Ŵ󷼴򿪷ţɩһ߶ǣݵЩŮվſڡ
Ŵĵ£
ɩЦĵðĺˣҪ˵ϱպÿˡ
Ŵһ£һ̣һ¼ǰŮ˵
Ů˲Ǳˣȴ޵Ǹҵ˵裿
ͬʱǰɫ̱ŮˣҲ޵ĴŴ󷼡




7.  7 ̱Ů   ǰÿ̱

ǰÿ̱Ů˴һ˫ɫĽЬһµĵȷ·ͺɫĿӡ
˻ǲ·ܶһ˫ЬʱԱ֮£ǰŮ˵ȷǡ󡱵ġ
ʱǰŮѡһңŴ󷼿ֿ
ŴŮ޻һǺܲϲģҪ˴ߣʱŮ˺ȻⳤãҸܲͷƵģֺݣɰͰ͵һ¿Ƶġ
Ŵ⻰ŭˣԼզɲŮġ
ӣ㿴ܲͷȻܲͷɩôġһ𣿲УҪȥ֧鱨һ飬˿ܲͷҪ֪ûܲͷһΪ˵ǵҸ
˵ŻһҪȥ״ģһԣɩӼˣЦҪ汻ɡǿҪİ
ǰЩ걻Щ˵ģӺɩɴһ
ɩæӴãˣĺ°λŰǸڴĸף˲ģڻƣѵõĺ˰ҺŹ˵׵ġ
˵ףŴ󷼼Цһ£ΰǻûҵʬǵȲĸΰϱˣѵõĺźôͺôɩ
⻰˵ɩɫЩӲΪܰŴ󷼼޳ȥɩֻܼЦݣӴιΪ˭Ϊã˵ģѵͲҸү㣿˵ˣҿѵõĸأżҵĶ츻Ǹ޹ȥÿ춼ܳأҲôΪðҪǻ˱ļͥɲùŵϱٳ޵ģ
Ŵ⻰ԽЦ
֪ΰ˸֦˸ŮֻŴ󷼶ΪɩΪԼˡ
ʱǸˣͲعѵĶϱһڼţȴûмӵʬʱ򣬾ͰͲöϱϽ޳ȥҪǻ׵ˣֻ¶˵ӵ˵ĺô
֪Ŵȴ֪ӵ֮ԼҴҵҪϳȥΪŴ󷼸ΰСѩѩλá
ȻڶΰϱƺŴ󷼲ô⣬Ŵȴ벻ףĳΪӣʲôô˸ռˣһ壬̱ݶͷ
ʱҲЩĵһŮˣҪټޣǿ϶ҲǼ޸һЩȳӶϹӻϵȢϱýҲǵˣҼҶӿɲһҼҶӰһԲʮǺҶӸɱҼԵġ
ͷԱѣԵ˼ңǿ϶ġ
츻ΪŴȴ̲סһ
ȾƶĲţʲôУԭŴ󷼼޹ȥԺ󣬱ūۣκεķ֮ģΪֺҵĶӣٴŮΪ
һУΪڳڱḶ́ԭŴѾ˹¸Ħۺ֢
ڵȴ֮Աǡ
ϾͳӵĿ̱񶾵ľͷŴ󷼾͸ܼ޵ȥԼĶŮȥŮͷûüֵٱ
뵽ŴƤЦⲻЦĵɩҵӲˣǲ˵׵ʱôõ£Ƿ׷ǹʣòŴɩҵ£ɩ㻹Ƚ˰ɡ
˵Ż顱һһ°ѷŹˡ
ʱŴ󷼵ķŸֱײһ顣
ҲˣݺݵĵŴ󷼣֪ôСƤҶÿһۣ
զģһƿͺӣŴ󷼼ЦǸ˱Ҳ㵱һĸŮϹ۾ż޵ȥʹŮҲ࿴һֱֿۣп̱裬ƿһӾ͵Ŵɣɱȥ˼ҵĹˡ
⻰ʵˣݺݵĵޣĶӲŲȢɥǣ˷ɥǣûҪ
Ŵ󷼺Цһ˷˭˵ΰˣ
ΰûĻżܸܶ󣿡
ҪȥˣΪʲôҪԼӾΰûӺɩǿ϶֪
⻰˵һԵɩɫˣɩʱһͷ֪ˣȻ֪ˣô֪ģ
ɩ˲ñģҴҵĳݸϹȥе顣
һԣûŴռʲôˣֻŭ뿪żҵԺӡ
Ŵ󷼵뿪Ժݵĺ߳ȥӵӴ⡣
ӵɩӣȻ˵Ż
ɩɫЩѿţոճܣǸŴ󷼵Ļﻰ⣬˵ΰû϶֪һЩʲôҪֳȥզ죿
⻰һһص֪飬ز죬ֳȥܷ첻ɣ
ǣҪȥҴΰڿզ죿
ԴˣԽڣ˵ǴΰǴΰҿɲֻΰһӣȥֻҵҵҵΰʹҵ˫ӣߣŮ˼ʹڣҲֲһʲôκεķˡ
ԭΰڳȢ˸ĳǧѩѩõ˫ֵ̥ҵ֡
ΰҵһ˫ӣǰּĵʱһδŶҵݣԺ󣬴˾Ҳûмҵ˭Ҳ֪ҵȥ
Ӷ˵˵ҵݵʱ߶ˣһ󣬵²ؼҲͲ˵ʲôˡ

ȻŴͲ²⵽ˣԼȥΰڣֻ䲻ʲôôȴû뵽ΰðҵȥѩѩġ
ΰ˸֦Ŵǰ;֪࣬϶Ҫ˸ˣڿӰġǰ;
ͬ꣬ŴΪΰӣΪΰˣһֱĸɩĿ̱ΪǵСʡԼãԶǸֻίԼҲҪǸŮˣôҲû뵽ģ˺һӵĶơ
Ȼ⣬ŴȴĵĴӵĺȥ
ŴҪ˵ȣǾ͵ҳҵС
ЩҪĿǰҪǣϾҪֲˣŴ󷼱ͼӵһʲôĶץס

Ŵ󷼸ոմӵĴصӣʱĴ
ע⣬شҪԺڴ¿أ
Ŵﲻɱü
ڵĴӣϾҪΪﵽԵˣҲΪ˴ߡ
Ĵ𣬴˶֪д·˲ñģżİʣŴڵĴȥ




8.  8 ֲ   £峤š

£峤ŴȣվڴϷϷ̨ˡ
峤ۿ˶ˣ죬һϢҪߴң߾Ǵ彫ΪֲԵ㣬Ǵӵؽָÿһ˼ңӴԺ󣬴ҾͿԶͶˡ
峤⻰һȻˡ
дֲɶ˼
˼ǣԺǴӲ׬ֵʱˣԺضָˣԼֲԼԼأȵյʱÿ꽻Ϲˡ
峤⻰һһĻȻ
ɶҪֲˣԺǲԼͷͷţˣ
ǵģ
ôһ˵еĴ񶼷ڵòû
ŴҲǳĸˣһ߰ˣպǴԵֲһĴӣʽߣٹԺ󣬲Żȥ
ֲԺ󣬽ģҾͻϺˣŴ󷼿ĳգ϶ܰӹԽԽá
ŶδŴҲ㿪ˣΰʬ廹ûҵҲǻûʽ걨Ǵؿ϶ΰһݡ
ʱֺԺԼԺһɢˡ
һԣӵҲ˷ܵøƵģȻ͵õ˷ֲϢϢ״Խĸˡ
Ӽ˿ڶ࣬ϴ߿ˣڣ;ſˣΰһĿˣһʮ˵ˣỹһʧٵҵ
Ȳѯʴ峤峤ôְ
峤Ϊ˹ƽеأͷƽ䣬ֻǵкûֱֻӰճǩģʽˣ鵽ĵأǾĵأ
峤飬ǵõ˵ӵ
￪ʼͳÿҶٻ˼ңʼŴĻƵأ׼طˡ
ͳ˿ڵʱڿˣҵʧ̫ˣֲʱ򣬱ûҵķݣΰʬûҵ˱ҲΰֻҿԶһЩء
Դˣǲģ˹ȥش峤ʹ֧鱻ڵû취Ϊ˰ȥֻܰ˵ֶϡ
ػûʵУ˱ɢȥˣֻԺ󣬴ٿʼǩ
ɢȥʱŴֱҵ˴峤峤ֳɵʱ鷳һĻ峤ҵʵڹȥˣһҷһ¼ҡ
ɶ󷼰Ҫּ֪𣿡
Ŵ󷼵ԴӴΰ߶źʹɩҺͺǱӲǱӣ۾۾ô˳ۣǰǹĶҰѺ͸Ҳͬ⣬ҰѺӴȥسǣ˵سݼûӣȥسǿ˿ɩܵ˾һ˷ӣ浣ҪȥɻˣǳҲڼѺӸֱ˻ˣ
˵Ŵ󷼵᲻ɵ
峤̾ϢȻȥ˵һѣֱӸˣֻּҰʲôָġ
Ŵ⻰Ǿ۸ǹ¶ĸأΰʧ٣϶ŵģǽѾҽܶˣǻ˼кüӣֻҸŮ˹ȥţҪӣ˼ңǻҼޣңҿ϶Ҫ֣ʹʲôָңҲ֣
ҲﻹмǮȻû
һٱ˸ѩѩڳΰϱλãҲ̰ͼֳأֻҪǹ¶ĸֳȥ˾ʲô˶ռˡ
⣬ֻ˵Ŵ󷼶飬ΰʬδŴ󷼾ӣһȥȥˣ˭֪Ǳ˱ȳȥأ
Ӳ룬ʱ򣬺Ӳ˭ǸĻģⱲӿ϶ٵˡ
ͷ˼ռӣֵӣˡƷ
峤Ŵ󷼵̬ȣ̾һֻҪˣǿ϶ûģֻǾŵ̬ȣ벻ʲôһŮ˴ӣ𣿡
峤еģҼŵģҿȥϯ档
峤˵ͷаɣȻȥһɡ
ڴ峤˵ˣŴҲͷˡ
Ҵֵطӵϲôˣ棬ľŴ󷼣϶Ĵ׳ӵ˵Ķ֣Ŵ󷼼ʹ֪ԼԿˣǹ¶ĸ£ҲֻסԿȰѼҷֵ֧
ȻصʱӺɩڼȵ˷֮УԼֵܹأôĸˡ
Ŵ󷼴߽ӵϴϱܵ˼ңǿѵõĸ޹ȥͱˣϽʰʰ˼Ҫʱ򣬸Ͻ޹ȥɡ
Ŵ⻰ƤЦⲻЦĵҪ޹ȥ˺զ죿˲кüѵ׼Ҵӹȥ
⻰ӻΪĶˣӴǺʲôиݣˣպûӣʱ͹ȥұǳԺˣ
ŴЦһݣ˷ϱܵݿ˷ӣѾ񾯹ˣҪȥٱи˷ݣ
ǵԼĺӣԼĺԺ󶼲ԱŴ˵׼ȥٱ˺˷йϵˡ
Ŵ⻰һ˵Ӻɩɫÿ
ֱӵ޲ޣۼҿˣһˣֱӸ
ŴЦҲǹˣּңּң
⻰Խŭּңһˣ㾹ҷּңֳȥҪɩҵˣѵõĸܹ޵˼ȥĸˣ
Ȼôõĸϴϱ޾Լ޹ȥɡңһˣֲܣ
һ£ŴֵȻôݲĸŮˣǱּңգҾͰӵĻһǨȥ
ԶԶģ⻧ǿǧڳȥĶûһ㣬һһߣ
˵껰ѷš顱һ¸ˣ
ӵҪּҾĶһˮߣ
ܳ𣿡
ӵȥ϶ºȥˣʱǷߵĵأͻǼҵĵء
ɩ⻰Ҳˣ㲻ٿ
ͷϴŮ˵ֻԴһҲ
⣬󱦶Ŵ󷼣裬Ҫ뿪󱦶
Ŵ󷼰ӽڻǷģ費뿪ǵģԶ뿪ǣ
⻰ԾɽıŴ󷼲֡
Ŵ̾˿ԽҪЩ˷ֿˡ
ȻĻ³󣬶ӵɳ϶á
أˣҲû˼ŸɻˣҶһ۷׷ס
Ŵݷ˷˷Ҫ׵׸ףһƶϴҪˡ
ϾҪּˣŪһЩʳȻĸܻȥ




9.  9 ּ   Ȼ׸׿ˣ

Ȼ׸׿ˣΪ˺ӣŴ󷼻һٺõġ
Ŵ󷼴ӣȥֿһӻǮȥҹɩһС⡣
ȻصŴ󷼰ϴɾгⶡȥ˺ܲⶡ˸ĢⶡһͲ
Щͽ裬ٰⶡĢܲһڴ裬ͿԷˡ
ʱԱѣŴ󷼵ӴӳڶûгԹʲôöʱԵζͲ϶¶õЦ
裬Ͳóԣ컹ԣ
ҲҪԣó԰
ŴӵͷԽҪ׬ǮˣûǮʲôӣ
ȳ극Ŵ󷼴ӣɽˡ
ҪֵأŴ󷼿϶ȥµظɻˣʱʳչˣҲû̫ƣŴ󷼴ɽȴΪȥҳʳġ
ڴߵɽвųҶɫֲ˲ϵʲôŴȴ֪ɶǺö
ûЩɫҶֲﲻǱģҰɽҩ
Ŵ󷼴ɽѰңܿҵ˺üɽҩŴ¨ĳͷʼɽҩһ棬裬ʲôѽ
ɽҩǺöɽҩֻۣ֭ɽҩζˡ
Ӿ̾ĸ˵ζҲһԿʼѰҡ
ɽĸҰֲȽ϶࣬оиҰŴ󷼸Ӳ˴٣ӳҰӣ۾Ҹ
ŴɽһƬһƬҰɽҩ񲢲֪Ұɽҩʳã˸һЩιɽҩûڲɣҲŴ󷼡
Ȼͷ˼ңһЩҰɽҩؼȥɹɹɵɽҩɣǿǺöȵ˶ʱ򣬸պ͵
ĸŮ˹ٵĿŴ󷼾ûмɽҩˣǴԶ֣׼ɹ
ȺɽӰɼòˣȴϵӣŴĸǳӣԸʳĶΪϤȻϵӡ
ŴһĹӰѵͬëȫһڼһЩɲڱ¨Ŵӻؼȥˡ
˴ڵʱ򣬴ڴµĸŮŴ󷼱һɲ𣬲ȤıͷŴ󷼵ӣڿŴ󷼴߹ƲƲ죬Ŵ󷼡ޡһ̵
Ŵ󷼱ӶĵùǺɵϹ۾Űţ
⻰ˣ˭أ
˭Ϲ˭
㡭ɥǣ𣿡
Լ˵۾Ϲˣɶ취
ӱⷬţץһ࣬ͳŴ󷼶ȥݺݵĵɤǣҶӻǲТ˳Ĺҵļң
ŴЦһĶΪһĸף㾹ԼȥǸѣģȹһҾȥҶӳּңҲ࿴һۣ
˵껰ŴŤͷߡ
ڴ£ȴۿˡ
ɶΰû𣿴ΰûȥˣôͶϱˣ
⻰ʵɫԽÿˣȲ˵ΰˣҲ˵ΰû
Ҫ˵ΰˣⲻԼȥҪΰûǴ˾ʵˣԣΰȻûΪʲôżϱӲؼң
һڣҴҵˡ
УңøϽֵˣøϽŴǸŮ˸ߣȻ˳ŮĶӣô½磿ôȥ
ӿǵŶ˳ŮҪüء
Ŵ󷼵ֱӻԺ
ʱŴ󷼸պð¨ݸǰ
ӽԺԺŴáСƤָӣϣּңּң
ŴЦּҾͷּңȥҶӳֻ֤
ӴʱҲǹ˲ñˣżĻŴӳ
ȼӳӵŮ˱ˣҵķӿɲָܷһˣӳŮ˺Сһߣסӡ
ӳͷּۣҵģʹϱǸˣܹӣ
ҿûɥǵӣϽһѵɥǹ
ЦҪİС£ǳ϶Ⱑȱӣ
ΪֺóĹŮǶŴĸˣ˶֮¡
Ŵ󷼵ĵҿԴҵߣķӣҲԲҪĹֺΰĹֵʳң
ƨģġ
ŴӵŴ󷼺ΰĹֵʳָĶߣ
ƾʲôҵģҶҵģ
⺢һŮΰȻ˺ӣƾʲôӣ
ΰΰû𣿡
Ŵ󷼿Цһ£ԣӵĻ᣿ΰʳ㶼Ҫ𣿡
ҹ㣡һǴΰأ⹫֣ţ
ӳʱǶӳǶӳ䲻нţӲ룬ΰ֮ǰɻĹ֣ˡ

⻰Ҷ˵ʲôˡ
գӳ֤Ŵ󷼺ӵĻһǨ˳Ŵ󷼺ΰһɻ׬Ĺ֣һָŴһﵾȣʮʮ׵ȡ
ҵֽһǮóġ
Ŵ󷼷ֵʳԺӾͿʼˡ
ƿӣ
ӳŴĸ˿̾һ󷼰ǴӲûжӣҪȺϸһһ
ԴˣŴ󷼺Ӷҡͷ
ӵּ˾ͱҼȻͰѺӺʳ£Լȥֻʱ䣬ǰߣȻˣ˵⻰һ¹ϴţŴŲߡ

Ŵ󷼲ԸڱôԺ󣬻һûһӣķθһ£ӳӳǴ˼һûгɼңͷæҪԸ̣Ұ׵ԴԺգ
ӳ⻰æ󷼣Ը̹ȥ
һϱһûн飬ʱһֱڲˣͻصϼҵĴһ˾ס⵽ˣߵûһŮͲ֪˼ԸⲻԸˡ
Ŵ󷼵ͷҷģֻҪ˼Ը⣬ҿ϶׵Դ
ӳȥʰɣ
ӳŴ󷼣һ˵ȥ

סڴӺӣݣǽӣһéݷ
Ѿʮˣȱʳ£˼ʹͦñֱߴĹǼԾݹ᾵ġ
峤˹ǰŵ˵ţɶ£
峤ֽţֶӣȻǸһġ
峤ţ󲮣ģ
˵Ż峤ŴҪ̹Ů˵ˡ




10.  10    Ŵһֱиź

ŴһֱиźôűĸףôͲܻף
Ŵ󷼵ĸ׺ĸǾ˽ʶģ˵Ĺϵ˵һбΪһǵĹ̡
Ŵ󷼵ĸ׵ĸ׵ļ壬һֱдĹ͢ףŴ游ѧڴڻҵ游ѧƵ˶ʧϵˣֻŴĸһŮڱűպ嵽ԺԼҲ׾ͱűոѧ˸߰˰ˡ
ٵʱڣűվٱԼӺԴΪ壬CζׯһȴŴ󷼵ѧڱḶֱ́ӰסȥˣŴ󷼵ĸڸȥԺ֪űվٱģˣűں»޵ĵڶ죬ֱȢٻٻţٻٻԺ󣬲꣬һ˫ӡ
ţŴֵܽü˵ӣ˵ǻˮ֮С
ĸ׺汻ĸڵ֪׵ɷıԺڱѺĹֱɱˡ
µļӣĸ׵Ĵڣͷ϶Ųõñӣٻٻţֵܽüˣ˱۸ʣµģֻͥ뷨ˡ
Ŵ󷼵Ĵ磬ţŴ󷼵Ĵ㣬㣬Ϊ˲޸ȳӲмҲҴҵˡ
Ŵںٻٻ󣬱ĥ˼꣬գոյˣҲԸȥ磬תͷҴҵԭһ˵Ǹҡ
ϾٲߣٻٻѾˡ˼ҡˡ
ǻ˼ҵˣһһˣٻٻŴ󷼼޹ȥҲΪ˸ʽ飬ʸѡ
Ŵ뵽ԽĮˡ
ȻԼĵãǾͻһˡ
ŴҪףһԭΪ󣬹ΰҲСѩѩס
ǿսϱһЩϵãΰ伫ΪϹϵΪ˸󣬾Ϊ
ؼҪ̾ˣռ˼ҵغĺôǺôգչ˺ã˱˵ӻȻͷ˾;ɲ˸øɵ飬˴Ļȫΰ߲˵˶õʱΰ˵չˣһӴˤڵϣ죬ûһۡ
󣬻Ǵ˷ûˣƿţŸһЩʳ
ǿ϶Ҫģ绰ΰ̫æˣչˡ
ΪûǮβһ˹¶
˵£ǴǮġ
ǹˣ˶ӵͷϵ˵زɽ⳥Ļͷһ׸ͷ
ŴΪףνһˡ
һԶ׸ջ׶Ͼϵ
նеһûҪлô˳
պûסףԼŵĵص㻺ˡ
˵뷨ŹǼף϶Ҳ˵ԼһԴ˫Ӯ顣
ȴ峤˵껰ŴҲֱӱ̬壬ĸ׺Ǳҵٱȥģĸ׺ֻ͢ˣûκδɵ飬ڰĸ׾ٱĵڶ죬ӭҺţһ˫ӣˣи׺ûиҲûʲôףҿ϶Ҫҵһ̹׵Т˳յġ
Ŵ˵һһԵʹ峤Щˡ
ϾͷûԸĹ̡
Ҫ̹Ŵ󷼵Ӵ󱦺ͶҲĸֶ϶һڵģǿ϶ҲҵѪȹ̹һ֧㲻Ѫ
ЩĵӰһͷӿˣԸ̹
Ŵ󷼵ͷԸġֻҪ˲һŮ˴ӡ
Ҳ
֣ллŴҲͺˣӹӺүү
ԣǺүү
ӺͷһԼĺˣԼһסţűүүͿӣǸʲô顣
뵽Ŵ󷼵飬Խˡ
ԼүүĺӣЦϵЦݶͣһ﷭˷óһ˴һһսҵģӴźãаү˵Żץһѷ˺ܾõǹݸӡ
ллүү
ллүү
ӽӹǹòĵлϲүүžʹ飬ǰүүǣǳԷ
һԣΪˣ峤ţҲĸˡ
󲮣ȥðѶ
ãգҲȥæ
ү˷ϲ¾ˬҲ̵ȥӼſᶫ
ĸŮ˵Ķ࣬ҲһЩƾɵ·֮⣬Щư衣
ʱʲôĲŴõĵɰʲôģȫ鲼װã׼ȥ
峤˲ֶӣ㺰ԼҵĶӶϱȹŴ󷼰ҡ
һȺ˺ƺƵӼԺæµ̲ס߳Ǹʲô
峤ЦӰأԺӾԼһˡ
ɶ⻰ɶ˼
峤Ӵӹ̸󲮣Ժ󣬿ɲһ£
ӴĵԺǾͻүүˣ̫ˣ
⻰˵ӵЩŤˡ
̣Ҳͬ⣡
峤⻰ɫһ
Ī뿴Ҵ󲮾󣿡
ʱǴ£һһ˾Ǿǽˡ
ϱʱľ˺𾴣ӿɲҵ
æûУûС
峤ⷿѪԸ׽ҿӶԹ¶ĸ˾£ʱǰһЩ
գӺ޵£Ŵ󷼲˰ʱͰѼҸˡ
Щģүһ˾סϣҲһЩ
Ŵ󷼴סӣסӣ£Ŵ󷼱㿪ʼʰˡ
ڹ̣Ǵ£ҪھϯģŴ󷼴úõϯ棬үӣʹ峤˵ãԺæسǩٰھϯ͸ĻպŴҪϻϴǿһΰѻˡ
ŴǸڿģǳ˻һʰӺܿʹˡ
Ŵ󷼰ʰԺ󣬿ɫˣͽˡ
峤æŴ󷼲ǸĵģȥһŰӡ




11.  11    ˵ӣ滹

˵ӣ滹ء
Ҳ֪һӰڹӣȻŴŮ˾ͽһӵİŴ󷼴
Ŵ󷼶˵Լ뷨峤˳һٽӣǵͷŴȥȥ
Ŵ󷼾һéݴĳæˡ
Ⱥ棬ÿˮһ档
Ȼ³ƳԷǶԸţֻҪѷУȻ˵ΧΪһأֲ߲ȴûôժЩ߲²˳رۣŴ󷼳ŷĹſڵһѵľ²˳׼ٰһ²ڵĽӡ
ʵľ²˺ͳõļõϣְʵкã˼۴ײ˵Ƚϣſʼ档
ѩ׵һһϺ÷һԣȸϵ㹻࣬Ŵ󷼿ʼڡ
Ӻ治ѣҲϴɾС֣һС飬ҪŸ档
ŴӲ˷ʳģҲڲǰӣǿʼ
һһཱུĴ׽ӰãҲ̲סʿˮ
ͷʵ̫ȱˣ֮ǰҹӺСײƵģһ굽ͷճʲôˮ
Ŵ󷼵ӣֻӺ˽˾Ӱ죬ʲôΰﵫһöΰȥֺĸĸȥˣŴ󷼺ӵʲôûš
ҲˣԵ÷ǳ
ʱ󱦵裬ҲˣʲôʱԴ׽Ӱ
ŴæˣˣٰһЩȥ峤үүһҹԽӡ
ţã
ѾȲˡ
Ŵ󷼰һӶԺӱȥ峤һҹԽˡ
үӵ𣡡
ŴҲûƴǣ˼Ұæ̨ջ
һߣŴүӵĳӷ˷ķһϺףһɱ
ɶǺöȰϣ˺ºü롣
ûаϣŴ󷼻ûһɱڣ˲ָɱڽӡ
Ŵ󷼰ϰã㴫һˣ峤һѾˡ
Ŵ߳к˽ӣʼ½ӡ
ϵĽ½һζ̲סʿˮ
󷼰̫ˣԺɶ£ǵۼҰ˵⻰ģǴ峤ϱɩӡ
ɩӣһӣԺҪǶأҿɲˡ
˵֮䣬ѾˮˣŴˮȥţӽƤӲȣٴηڣÿ˶һĽӣ㿪ˡ
һͽ磬Եıϵúãѵõ˼ζ
н̫ζˡ
ôģ̫óˣȹӪĻóԣ
һ˫֣
һԣȻܾûúóԹˣʱĽӣƵϣЦݡ
ӿóԣ
峤ϱӳ극ŮŴһ궼ϴɾ뿪ˡ
Ŵպһˮ˵֣ϴˣ
գ˸߸˵ӦһŴˮϴš
ϴԺһ̵ȥ˯ȥˡ
һߣӽ§סԼĸףŴ󷼵裬ó԰ҪÿԽӾͺˡ
ÿ춼ԽӣǾͳˡ
ôóԣô룿󱦵ɴ۾һĲš
Ŵ󷼺ᣬ֮˵ĻҲΪûгԹóԵĶˣڵʶȱúżȻճȣͻ¶ҸЦ
ϣŴĸȥѷڹɩӴްޱҲȡ˻ɰӸ˻ˣֱ¼ҵĴϴãˣ˯ˡ
˵ڶ죬ֲʱҲ͵ˡ
峤ڴ˰ԺʽĳǩҲʼˡ

ǩǰͷǩģжٿˣܳٴΣ𣬷ֱɽ
ӵеլػأֱӹԼУڷֵĵ
˼Ȳˣ󲿷˼ûô˯ţ͵ŷֵˡ
Ŵ󷼵ʵҲֻܼҪأܸ˳ĺú̲һˡ
еĴԵ˼ңǰͲԼһǩģЩ˾Լһ飬ǿ϶ܳ鵽
Щ棬Ӻɩˡ
ﵽĴ£ͷҴǿ϶Ҫģ˵ԺȻҲŴ󷼴˴£˾͸ûƵģֻһ۾Ťͷȥˡ
ʵϣÿŴ󷼺ӱӺɩ۸˶ǹŮ˳ǰ۸ˣ˵˵ıӲɩʲô
Ŵ󷼿ЩˣЦһתͷ˵֣Сĵ㰡ӷ㣡
ĵүүǷ㣡
ãգүүĺӣүүĸζ¹¶ڶһŮյûʽļһ±ˡ
үүôĴˣ˸һûʲôԣ϶֪ĸ˱ӵ˸ϳȥȻ󷼴ӣ̸ˡ
ɩȺ֣ӣǴź
Уգ
ӴһˣܰҸ
Ŵ¶ЦݣѵӰںãһһԣŴ峤ǩ
Զͷˣɫɫʵ̫ˣԼӳ˱˵ӣԼһ·˼ףܲΣ
Ӽ˶͵͵ԼһˣƲƲ죬ϡҶӣߣɥǵĺӣҿɲҪ
Ŵһܿ͵ʹüۣûܿó
Ϸ̨ϣ峤ʼųǩˡ
ǩ˳ֳһ⣬˶һǩֲ
գǩ˳ҲһܷôԾǰȡ
һһ鰲ǩҲʼˡ
ǰȥǩˣг鵽ģҲг鵽ģԼ鵽ģȻƣҲö˵ʲôˡ
ӵ˳鵽һƬɽͷɽһƬء
ӳ鵽ɲǣļ
˶֪һƬزֵǮ
ֻŴ󷼣ڿ˳鵽һƬԺЩþ
Ժ󣬵ȻվǨһƬأֵ϶Ǯˡ
Ŵȥǩʱȥ飬鵽һƬ
ڿһƬʱɴ۾һĲʣ
ʱӺȻ͵һҼҵģ
󷼳鵽ģôΪҵˣ
Ŵ󷼳ģҶӴΰһݣ
⻰һ¶ӵ޳ܸ˵סˡ
ô֤ǳĴΰǷݣ
ô֤ǴΰǷݣΰأҲ棿ڴΰȻʧˣТĸǷݿɲ٣Ǵΰĸĸأ϶ҵһݣ
Ҫռˡ
Ŵ󷼿˿ӣƤЦⲻЦĵһƬﻻҵ
ӴһƤҪԸ⻻ΰһݣҾͲջˡ
ŴЦһʹüۣһѹģǹ¶ĸˣǺôǴΰĸĸǾͻɡ
⻰һһ¶סˡ
˵ŴģҲ˵Ŵ̫ɵġ




12.  12 ϯ   峤˶

峤˶ŴһۣһĲ졣
峤󷼰ҪǻأҪˣ
⻰˵Ӳˣ峤ɶ˼ɱŴ峤۸ӰأҶ֪٣ֱ۸
û۸㣡Ҫ˵۸ˣӿûٴŴĸ۸ӿӣ
ҿûӣ
Ŵ󷼵ĵ峤ûµģЩػ͵ǸΰТһΰɣӣںǼҿûйϵˡתͷӵ󱦶ǰүүãɲҪչ˺үү֪
裬ǿɻչүүˣ裬үүǾУˣ
СˣЦúϲ£Ӵιҵĺùүүɾ͵չˣ
һúչүүģ
һϴТɰһԵӿﲻþƫ˵ʲô
˵ɶأ˼ѾǼҵˡ
ϱǿɲܶϱ˵ʲôȻզ죿
Ϸ̨ϣ峤ŴԼҲͬ⻻أȻһЩʹļףû˵ʲô
һԵѾͷҪأ
󷼿ˣ˵ģ͵֣ǺɽһƬĵأǱȷ˲٣ҰǼأѾֲƻˣǿ϶
⻰˼ĵУѾͷ㿴Ű죬ʲôҪҰæģ˵һ
лл֣
ˣĵͨ͸ŴŮκξǰѾȨŴ󷼡
Ŵ󷼱ǺһˣˣԽľˡ
ηֵأŴ󷼵Խһ˶϶һӶ񶾿̱Ŵ󷼹ã˼ҷֵķǿռȥҲŴƣҪˣռˡ
ҲŴ󷼵ͷڴԽһҲԽŴˡ
˵أǸҵزɽϲˣŴҲûѻ֤ó˴峤˵æŴȥʱһ¾Ͱˡ
ȷֵͷɽȸֲӶַ˴ʱŴų׷
³ˣԺǼҵĲˡ
ԺŴ󷼾;׾ˡ
ʱʳȱҸʡԼã󲿷˼ҶԲҪϯʵס
ŴϯǱҪģˣʹףӵҺʹ˶մ״ʣҪʱ˼Ҳһһ֪ࡣ
Ŵ󷼵һһ㣬˵Ĺϵν׾ƺ£ϵһκܺõĻᡣ
ŴмǮģȥһسǣ׬мʮԪǮټԭµǮһϰԪǮˣЩǮ£ҲһǮˡ
ֻȻɣҪҲûô׵ġ
ŴڷѾͷ㲻ҪϯЩƱȥһЩʳ
˵ŻͳһƱݸŴ󷼣Ŵ󷼿ЩƱԾ֣ôôƱ
Ҳûǰϻչң֪һ¹ˣʼĹģһĳԵôడǰĸĸҪսѼȥˣҲмˣЩţȥʳ
Ŵ󷼲Щжеġ֣ȥʳȥˡ
ŴҲûӹƱȥϵĹʳȥˡ
ڣŴţʱ˵ҲɣŴ󷼾Ȼһˡ
һźɫӴ£ɫСƤѥһͺʹˡ롱һŮˣŮ˴ʮ꣬÷ǳʱ֡
Ŵ󷼣ŮЦӯӯĵŴ󷼣ȻסҴ壡
Ŵ󷼿Ů˵ɲǣ¡һ£Щһ´˳
ǰŮ˽Ǯ飬ԭŮĸףҲŴ󷼵ĺֶŮ
Ŵ󷼵ĺٻٻڵʱǸٻٻĸȴһȨƵģǵʱĳһСͷĿŴ󷼵ĸҲΪٻٻ׵ԵʶݺŴ󷼵ĸס
Ǯ飬ٻٻ޵Ŵ󷼼ʱ򣬿ż˺ܾõġ
Ůαװһģÿ춼ܵ˶ίƵġ
ԭļأŮں棬ṴϽɹѽ˼ȥ˳λŮҲԭŮ޸
Ŵ󷼿˿Ǯ飬ȻǮĻ￴һСŮСŮģһ׵ްһ˫۾ȴתͣ͵͵Ŵ󷼡
ԭŮˣ
Ŵû뵽ԭŮ˿Լĺӣ§ýġ
ԭԼŮΪԭŮĶ飬֪µĺӣһһȴΪϽΪǧС㣬Ҹ
Ŵ󷼵ʹüۣ䵭ĵ˭ʶ𣿡
Ǯ⻰һ˫ܵ˺ܴίƵģŴ󷼣֪Ϊ̵ԵʲϲңιʵҲģ̷֪ûвǵĸĸ̷飬ΪֵܽúããɲܲʶģԹ̷̺򰡡ҪǺңҺˣ̷̺򵽵ĸĸףǿǺܵģҲûȥˡ
Ůÿһ֣ɶڸŴ壬Ŵ󷼵ĺһΪ˼ŭŴ󷼣ҲΪ˸ŴһТ˳ͷ
Ǯ˵ˣŴȻʧˣף˳Ҵˡ
ԭȥŴ˵£ҲûѶϢ
Ǯ֪Ǹ˴ײƴŮˡ
Ŵ󷼼޸ôһˣδӻˣ϶
ǣôͲȥأ
ȥޣǱ̽Լ񣬿ɾ겻ˡ
̽Լ겻ɣԼôسǣ
ʱسǣнܵĵλа
طǮζǵģǮЩˣ̨ˣǮûбĻسǵ·

ʱŴǮĻɫȻһһ̣ɫͱõ
ҵĸĸףŴ󷼶һ£λŮʿ㲻֪ɣҵĸףˣϣҸûĸˡҵĸףҴҵĸסңҲʲôŴ󷼣󷼣
˵껰ŴֱӴźţ
ԭأǺ·ģŷŮˣһɵˡ
˵ɶ󷼣ˣ
Ŵ󷼵ĵдŸǸͷͳҪСҹ̸ŮˣԺҲԶҽ󷼣
Ŵ󷼴ı̿ʼгһգԺݺݵĴһ³Ŵӹ̵űգû뵽ô졣
˵껰Ŵ˵Ŀ⡣
һߣǮȴһɵˣ֪Ŵףû뵽Ŵ󷼾ȻˣԼ϶ˡ
Ҳ̷֪õϢˣ
ûаﰲŵãԼسǻϣ
뵽Ǯɫ




13.  13    Ŵΰϯ

Ŵΰϯ챾еϯˡ
ؾϯ˴룬˴룬Ƿǳõľϯˡ
ȱʳð˴룬Ȼ׵ġ
Ŵð˴ĲϣҪӣ⣬廨⣬⣬ȡ
඼ȽϹŴǴһЩ߲ճȣܳԱ
Ҳˣڹ㹻Ժ󣬻ļһЩͷɲ֮ġ
㹻ϣɰ֮࣬ǮҲûٻѡ
Ȼȥ·ϣ˿ôһ¨Ķ̾ѡ
ɻɩһĽĿŴ󷼱¨⣬󷼰ôǮôô⣿
⻰һһţĴ˶˹
Ŵ󷼴󷽷ĵģϴȥسǣһ˷ҼҺӣҵʱͺץ˷ˣ˷ӱ͵Ժ󣬾ʣ˷ڽһ񷿣ŲٹĺӣЩӱԺұʮԪǮһЩӵļҳҲ˲ٵƱݣǮǰ׵ģպҺҰףʹ׾ƣҾǮˣʱ򣬴һһǼҵ׾ư
ⷬ˵ԭĽѵ񣬿Ŵ󷼾ͺͰѡ
ɻɩӸ̾ѣ󷼰⺢ӣ˵˵ɶأԺ󰡣ǴˣԺɶ£㺰һ䣬ǴҶæġ
ǸãҴ쿪ʼϯƣʱͷɻɩһ¡
ããգ
ɻɩ⻰ⲻѡ
Բůܹȥ˼Ҳ䷹˭ܲԸأ
˵ȥæɻҲһЩвϴЩĻƣ¸˶ϰߵģһҲ࣬෴һȺŮһֵģӹòźõġ
ң˼ϲƣǿ϶лȵġ
Ŵ󷼱¨⣬ɻɩӵ󷼰ϯʲôϯ
Ŵ˿Ҵϯˣһ˴롣
Ӵιǿϯأúãϯ档
˵ŻɻɩѾܹϯϯζˡ
ţϣüҲ˵æ
Ŵ󷼶Ӧ
ţոյﲻʱ˾Ͷ֪ŴҪϯˡ
һ磬ٴ˾͸Ŵ˼һЩ߲
Щ߲Լصܲײˣ֮࣬ҲԼɹĲ˸ɣͷϹϣƶ֮ġ
Ŵ󷼾͵ȡģٵк˲˵Ȼø
˿ŴкõĲ˵ͷããѾͷͰĲ˵졣
գ
˲˵ˣЦݣûдʧү˶һĺıˣ˶˼ꡣ
˺ӣ֣Ŵⶼ͸¶ľأġ
ѵ˰ϯ˶ǳ˷ܣϾԺúõĳһ٣һˣũæڼţ㶼æˡ
ֻӣϯȻסˣӸǰԶǴɹȳںŴԺ󣬴˱Ѹҵζ׼Ѿϯɹȳ
Ӽʱ򣬵ȴǰȥΣȴӴһٸ˳
ӶݺݵĵҼҺúõΣƾɶҪһ֪飿һˣ仧Ǵ壬ǾռǴıˣƾɶǴطָһˣЩǲɵƾɶϯӦðǸŮ˸߲Ŷԣ
⻰һǰȥεĴ˿ӵɫЩˡ
˵󷼲ΪǼӣ
ޣȱӵӻ֪˭ĺأ˭֪˭ӣ
⻰˵ŴƷӴñˡ
ҡҡͷתͷ߳ļſڡ
Լϱţһסţ˼Ŵ󷼳һ˲ţҲǷǼҶӲɣǼҶǰţ˼Ϊӣ㵹˼ˡ
Ŵ󷼳鵽ԺҲǿлˡ
һʱӵĿڱڴҲԽĴˡ
̱񶾣µƬ
ӰԺ󣬵Ȼ֪ԼƬֻﳩ졣
áΣͿŮڴô

ϯ඼ǽ˸ҵ֮࣬峤ţһԵǼ񵥺˲ȡ
ӣż֣ϵЦݶֹס
ϯмɳ⣬⣬հ׵ˡ
ҪϯãҪϯʦ˵ġ
Ŵ󷼼ǹ͢˵ĺˣϯûѶȣȰⶼͨطȥȣ죬ǰæĴĸŮһˡ
һʮˣһһɳ⣬һհ׵ȣ˶˴ãҲһؼ
ʱˣǳʵڣ̤ʵ
Щ˰æɻʮϯ˵ǺܿˣȻˣŴҲϯˣǵ˵£Ӧõġ
˾ϯ죬˶ˣеͿëеͼëǮеһɱеһȣ廨ţһ֮ǰҲ߲ˣ֮Ĺ
ȵ缪ʱϯʽϯˡ
峤վǰŴ󷼵ڣȾ˲裬ó׼õгݸŴ󷼣ϵףŴ󷼺ӵ֣ʽ¡
˶࣬Ŵ󷼲ûֱӴУһľͷӣǵƷǳŵ㣬̴ľ̴֮࣬ľӾֵǮˡ
ɣŴ󷼱ŮˣҲֱ䡣
ԺŴ󷼴Ӵ˾ͽˡ
ԴˣŴ⡣
Ȼ޷װѪǣӸտʼҲĵ׳졣
һУϯʽʼһʳҲûӡ
ÿһˣ˾Ͳ⾪̾
Сӣ۾ɴˡ

ۣѽɳԵĶó԰
ÿһ˶Եһɶ
ϯ׷ǸĴǷĺŴԼĴҪɿڲٰ
仹ܱأ
ǰԾϯ˼ңûвŴ󷼳ģͨϯǳŴˡ
ӵ֪ŴҪϯʱǿϵġ
ӵ˵һ¹ˣ治ʲô֣˵Ŵ󷼣ּҵʱǿһëǮûзָŴ󷼣ܰʲôϯ
Ӿ;һȥԾϯƾͳԵˮԲر
ԣһҶûȥŴ󷼵ľϯ
ϴĶӿ֣ûȥɹȳſӵζȡ
󸻺ЩζȣǲˣҪȥԾϯͿϯˣλöģһʮˣǹ̶ġ
󸻺ţֻܻؼڡ




14.  14 һǮ   󸻻ȥš

󸻻ȥڣǸӵģתͷʹɹȳ
ӿһʳ۾Բˣ
Ǽɳ͸ɫŵɳ͸ɳ⴫˳ɳ֥飬ǣ׵ɵϣɳž𣬴Ȳļҧһڣһ̣¶ҸЦ
ϯŴ󷼾Ȼϯ
ӿʱ۾û뿪ϯʱֻһͷôͲһӹԷأ
ϯ
ҤŵһӶԾϯʡ˿һӳԵĶǶԲǻܲ
ʱӵ֣̣̣ҲҪϯҲҪԣ
˿ˣЦӴǶܰ˸ϳţô˼ҵľϯҪǼҵ˰һ鶹ûˣˣҲ񣬲׳԰׺Ȱɣӣ˵㣬˰޳ܵϣ
˵⻰ĲǱˣǺӲԸĳӡ
˼ңʱ򣬳¼Ҵܵٵżȴ˰ԽԽ࣬ҳиȥ˹ˣ˱㲻۸ˡ
Ҫ۸ӵ˾ӣ϶ͷˡ
Լϵĳôһ䳰ȷǲˣȻҲǳ
һ˭ϡҼҪɶûУҲŲľϯ˵ŲϡǿŶԲӣȴ̲סʿˮԲӣǺó԰ִԲŴףĭ飬ǵɣ£ǣŴ׵ȣһϡõȵܳԵϡ
µ̣ÿ춼԰࣬أ̣ʵڳԲ°డԾϯ
⻰ֲסӼһӣһ¾ͳһԵӴȥ
ԳԳԣҽȥʺ
᲻õӣ˿ѾݺݵĶȥѾҽУҵĽôԶӵ׷׷һ·Զˡ
һ߳ʳһߵǿӼһ־硣
ɩȻҲ׷˳󷼰ľϯԶԶһ£תͷֿˡ
ϯ죬˶ԵĶǶԲ͡
Ŵ󷼰ϯںܶԺ󣬶ΪĻ䡣
ŴհףһҧȥһҲζļɳ⣬һ㲻ζ۵ڼ㣬ʵú޲ͷ̵ļȣÿһ̵ӡ
磬˶ԾæϴɾεȣһȥϯʣµһЩʣˣȫǰæ˼Ҹˡ
ЩһҲʣˣʱʣҲǳЩ󲿷ֶ˹ͷ˻ȵİ
Ҫ֪˼ңǿһ¶ճһλȡ
ŴξϯɺҲŴ˳ȥҶ֪һֵĺóˡ
ϱѵģЩһʮʮ٣Ҵ巽Բʮ⣬ŴϯϢϯϳԵķˣݳɽ亣ζ
ʵЩʳﵹҲûɽ亣ζĵزҪʱ̫ˣҲԽеʳζò˯֮У̲ס߶Ŵʳ
ڶ죬Ŵ󷼶ȥĳϴ·üϴ·ϱҶѺõĺкϴ·λá
һϱǵ󷼰ϯϵǼϯҸҼ˴ؼȥˣεʱ˵λ˵ϯóأ
⻰һһԼϱЦҼҺΣҲҰأ˵ڳϯ
⻰һ˵һԼ˶Ц
ʱһϱ͵󷼰ôõĳգϯ𣿡
ʱȻʼѣһЩ˼ңҵ׻Ƿġ
Ŵ󷼵ĵһ⣬Ҳˡ
Ŵ󷼵ҵȻϯˣҪҲҪġ
֮ǰ˵ϱ͵ǸãֵܼպҪϯأڸڴ壬ȥ˵˵ͷš
У
˵ϱǳӵϱֵǸбµģڳˣӵĶӣͨϱֵܣŽ˹ˣ¼ϱׯֽׯǸˬӣڶһ磬͸ŴŶׯֵׯŴȥׯʮٵϯ
Ŵ󷼵׼ŶǴӦ
ׯϷ˼ϯʱԺԭѾ˴ʦףʦǳˣʱԸˣʱϵü˵Ŵ󷼵Ժ󣬾;Ŵ󷼡
Ŵڵڶ죬͸ׯȥ˸ڵׯ
ȼׯӣׯӵ뷨Ҳ򵥣ҲҪϯ
ϯŴ˵ǿ϶ûκεѵ㣬ͰҪϯʳĸ˳
ҲæӣŴ󷼲ڳɻׯҵľϯׯѾӶ࣬ʮʮϯ۵ģʱϵҲŴ󷼸ûʱ俴˺ӡ
˾ϯһ죬ζһĶӣԭĴʦʱȱϯᱻٵׯҶׯһԼׯСҲɵͷǸ׵ˣûװɷ
ׯڳ﹤˲ٵѣ˵ΪԼĸװ磬Ҳ˲ٳѻԾơ
ԭׯľϯò٣ѸǰӣŶʳ˴롣
Уһڳ˲Ժ󣬲ɵׯǴĳӣտ˲ãǱ֮ǰҵķĴʦǿ
ׯ͵ýܵĳʦյȷ
ѳʦгԺҼϯҲʦ
У
ׯԴɽװ˺ܹһһ쵼
ԺŴ󷼾ͱ˳
˿òŴ󷼣һĲš
λǳʦ
ǵģ
ܸɣϯã
Ӵ־һŮʦأͷŮټð
˳û֣Ŵ֣ûռһ¹ıˡ
Ŵ󷼲վһԣЦ˴кû
Ҫϯ׬ǮٲӦһЩ׼
ǣȷҲϲӦꡣ
ʱһ˫˵һҪϷһŴ󷼵˵ˡ
Ҵӣǿɲ׼Ůʦ
ŴЩ죬̧ͷʱһ̣Ǻһ˫ڳĿˡ
˵˻һˣŴйһ֮ԵŴ󷼵æ˲ǱˣŴʡǼлѷ
лѷŴ󷼵ʱҲǳ⣬û뵽Ŵ󷼾ǺׯϯĴ
Ź治
л佱һ£Ŵ󷼵лͬ־ϴ̫лˡ
֮Ͷѣ
Ӵлʶ
йһ֮Ե
ǿˡ
Ŵ󷼺˴һкҲûô⣬ͻسȥɻȥˡ
ϯϣлѷıӰȴЩˡ

룬ĳãԺôϸܵһӵĺѡ
ϴһ˴ӣҲûģǷһ㣬ҲǵһŮ˸ܳǲ׵ģ
Ҫ̽Ŵ󷼵Ϣ׵ġ
лѷһѯ˼ˣɫͰŴ󷼵Ϣ̽һ




15.  15 ˵Ķ   ʮ꣬硭

ʮ֪꣬࣬ɷʧ٣żҸϳţһֺóգ
лѷõŴ󷼵ϡ
ׯҵϯ޲ڵϯׯŴ󷼷һŴ󷼽ӹȥԺҲû˳ַŰˡ
ׯʣ²ٱòˣϯ˶εϯ⼫ˣֱŴ˲ٱòˣŴҲûֱˡ
ŴŶżߵʱɽС·ĹսǴһ¾Ϳͦ˫ֲڿ㶵лѷ
лѷøߴͦһżֵĸӲѪգһõ䡣
Ŵ󷼿ΧлѷЦклѷͬ־лղְң
лѷ˿ѩ׵ĲԼ޵УĿ˶٣֮ͣ
лͬ־ׯͬ־𣿡
ǰսѣ
Ŷ!,˵ģŴе˺ôԼһΣŴôҲ˵һЩ׻лһ˼ңлͬ־ǲ֪ôлźãʲôʱпգҪԷ
ŴҲ˵˵׻˼ǳˣҲ³һٷɣ
һ̣лѷȴ˵ãʲôʱ򣿡
Ŵ󷼣
죿
Уס磬ݷã
Ȼ˼Ҷ˵ˣŴ󷼿϶ð˵ԴסҴβһӣŴɹȳ
ã
лͬ־ˡ
ã
Ŵ󷼻˻֣ɽС·ˡ
˴ԶȴԾɸһĿڿԼƵģ
عͷʱ·ûлѷӰŴҲ͵Լˡ
Ŵ󷼳żߵʱ·һСϪСϪϪˮ丣ʲôڷŴϸһСϪﾹȻ㣡
µʱˮεģɽܵģģǻұˣƤԵˣԸСϪûпܴ飬һô㡣
Ŵ󷼴һԵСܵСϪߣı¨ˮһ¹ιȥһ̣һץ㣬㶼㣬һһҴСһȴˣء
Ŵ󷼵㵹һԣּ¨һԵСϪˮﶪȥȷ˼ΣһԵİߣѾٵˡ
СϪôô㣿
ȻŴһһ֪СϪˡ
СϪһĴӵոշֲȴû֣ԾǴģȵףڴ˲Żͳһˮ֡
ԭǳϪܳô㣬û˵϶͵͵˸ӷˡ
ŴСϪ˰ʱ˴뱳¨Ϻˡ
ǵģ㣬СϪﻹвٻϺӡ
£ǺȱģСϪ϶в㣬ʱԼԣǶŴһԵĻĵؼһѵĿݶڱ¨棬ű¨ٳżȥ
Ƚ˴ӣ˿¨ĿݲݣҲǸûɡ
Ŵ󷼰ѱ¨ԺͼӶֻˡ
СϪģСߴˣżȻСϪСзССϺ֮ι˵СϪ㣬Ҳһȥ㡣
ŴСϪβвٵϺˣ˲ԼһϺȥ˹ɩӣ峤ϱˡ
峤ţ֪Ϣ˲ñģֱӳȥȥ鿴ˣѾߵϺǿ϶Ҳͷˣ峤鿴Ժ󣬷ָڴıҿһӷˮæȥڴ֪ͨ˼ҵĴ쵼ȥˡ
Ŵ󷼺͹ɩӵٴСϪʱ򣬵ȼûõϺҲСϪˣŴ󷼼˱֪ǱץϺˣȻһͻ˶ˡ
ȼ˼һ¨Ϻʱ򣬸ӵ˹ȻСϪ˹Ŵ󷼺͹ɩӶԿһۣæű¨ؼȥˡ
ɩӷ˺ͼһ𣬶ı¨Ŵ󷼺Ҳֱһ¨Ϻ
Ŵ󷼹һ£һٶϺˣЩϺ϶Բ꣬ԣ뷨ˡ
Щ̻㣬ŵĶˮˡ
ϣŴ³һһ㡣
˺ӣܸʺɺֺ֮ÿĲˣɺ֮ʵ̫ˣ£Щ˼˵ʱֻ˿ȿվһ¹Ҫôը㣬ǸܣŴ󷼾ʹһ㡣
гϸϸƬϾƣۣۣεƣְߵŴ󷼿ʼкõ˳ϣտڷƬͿԷƬˡ
ѩ׵Ƭӣ󱦶Сˮˡ
ŴְϺʼпȥߣһ
̲˰ںãһĿھڲǰԷˡ
һ˵ʱ򣬻ǶԸ߲˾ժһһ㷹ˣûоֱӳһˣʱˣԵģʱζϺϲ¶Ц
󱦵óԣ裬
裬ÿ춼ܳϺͺˣ
ԾɺСɰͰ͵ģŴ󷼵ʱΡ
ŴۣæãǾͳϺԵٳΪֹ
󱦾ȵĵ裬ôóԵ㣬ô᲻ԣ
Ŵ󷼵ЦˣԱˣǾ˯ɡ
ĿˣԲ̫㣬ٶϺأԼʮˣʣµϺôҲ
˯ǰŴ󷼴ׯҸĺ˿ָǮ
ͨһ¾׬ʮԪʵǮܲˣһ½ӵϯһҲ׬ͨһµĹǮˡ
⻹
˵ڶϣŴʼ緹
ӺʵΪݣҪӪŴ󷼿ۻв٣ȸ˺ӲӪ
ߦԺгٴ򼦵棬Ҫɽɫƽɡ
ȴ󱦶𴲣һ𾪵ĵۣƽһɫ
Ҳɾ̾Ѿͷһֵ˱ȴĸָ
Ȱ˳ʱ򣬼û˵ʼͷˡ
ȻҪлѷ緹ԺŴ󷼳ȥһһֲһЩؼңʼ׼緹ˡ
лѷľˡ

лѷʱɫôÿ﷢飬϶жá
лѷѾˣĵڶ죬ǰ޾ٻˣٻʶһԸˡ
ڼļлѷڹϵֻܰѼȴ˽ǡ
ڻصԺлѷҲǺܺõģһ˿϶ܰѺչ˺ãӵ׻СҺֶ࣬ȥʱʱز˼ңֻܰѺȥɩӼ
һο϶û£ǴˣɩӼ㲻˵ʲôҲ˼
ԣΪĺһ裬ֱ׵˵ҸŮ˸񿴺ӡ
Ůˣʱ򶼼ΪǺʵ
лѷҴʱ򣬺׾ҵŴ󷼼ķӣʱŴԺժˣһ̧ͷͿлѷ
лͬ־
Ŵͬ־鷳ˣ
Ժ󶼽󷼣
ͬ־лѷԴһԵĽݿȥŴ󷼵ļ




16.  16    Ȼªһ䣬

Ȼªһ䣬Ŵ󷼼ڷ룬ɨĸɸɾµϣɹС·ȻºӣǴøɸɾϰװ׾ģȫлѷºӡ
лѷԽĵ˵ͷ
ܲĺӵѡ
ǸˣлѷպҲһˣӭԺ˽̸Ǣ
һԣӺĴлѷһᣬҼǵ㣬ץ˷ӵĽž壡
Ҳš壡
⻰лѷɶһ¡
Ŵ󷼵ûʲô쳣ûлѷⷽ룬һˮصӥ˳ȥæˡ
˵˳Էǿ϶Ҫú³һٷġ
Ϻֵܸ㶹ۣŴȥǡһ㶹˺ۣһЩһ軬
㣬ǿ϶ÿն㣬գŴһ㣬һϺʳ²ˡ
Ŵ󷼶һʰʱ仹ǿˡ
ζ̲סһ¡
Ȳ˶ӣлѷʳûʲôҪֻҪӾܶԸһٵˣҲ̲סһ¡
ǻʢѩ׵ĴͽƬ̼ζɫĻɫĴжδѩ׵Ƭ˿ž̲סθڴ󿪡˶յģ΢΢ζͶζһ㱻յýƣ̼ģͽ͵ζζ̲סҪƷһ¡
Ϻʳ²ǳȻһҳˣϺʳʱҲҪջģŴڰջһ棬¯ġ
⼸̲ˣׯ͵հףŴóһ£Ҳ˲
Ǹ㶹˺۰̵ζƵüãķһ㶼ûɢɫ㶹Ư۵úǡˮ
һˣȻǼҲˣȴֲôҳ
ŴклѷԷҿʼꡣ
һ꣬Ҳͣ
㣬¾ã
һƴصľƣͦʺлѷŴ󷼣óлѷС
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극Ժлѷûжֱͣתˡ
Ʒˣôô㣿
Ŵ󷼵εĳ©ˮεСϪٵϺ
лѷһжϺҪʳǡҪչһϺ
⻰˵Ŵһϲлͬ־ٽء
ȫҪˡ˵Żлѷ˵һ۸ŴǺģһܹļ۸ºˣʡȥ鷳
һٷν
Ŵӿ˿лѷµƷлѷһƿƣһӵĵģһ龫һ鲼ͷǰ
񣬵ȷЩˡ
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ϾԼҲúõд˼һ١
лѷǵʱŴ߳лѷͳ˼š
ȵſڣлѷ˿ΧֻŴˣȻͬ־һûҽܰɣ

ҽлѷ죬ʮ䣬תҵˣҵξֳʰʮԪڽһ׷Ůӣսѵĺӡ
ɶ
лѷɫͬ־Ҷǵ㿴齨һͬļͥ޸ңҿ԰㰲ҵֵʳãҸеĹܼ˹ܼ˼չ˺üͥͺӡ
Ŵ⻰ֱӷˡ
˶٣ײֱӵˣŴ󷼵ĵлͬ־лĺ񰮣ֻһҼʹҪޣҲҰһޣᶪҰ֣Ŀǰûг޵뷨
лѷ⻰Щʧʲôط㲻ͬ־ҪȢΪ޵ģҪҪһ£
ˣлͬ־ұ˰ɡ
лѷ⻰ǳʧû˵ʲô΢΢ףתͷˡ
Ϊ˿ڣ¿϶ʮþȵģû뵽ᱻܾ
ŴֻһûйŮˣһޡ
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سз
û뵽Ŵ˿ɣһ¾;ܾˡ
ԭֻԼҸӣչ˼ͥŮˣӣڱܾԺ󣬶Ŵ˼
һߣԺ˵Ŵ󷼶лѷ˵ǷԺǸжѡ
û뵽Ŵ󷼾˼ʹޣҲҪ·µĵһ޵뷨
£ûдŵ޵Ůˣ׵
лѷ治Ŵ󷼶ûõͷһȥӣǿ϶úܺõġ
˭뵽ԥľܾˡ
һʱ˵Ƿĸӡ
ŴŮ֤ûѡһĵģТ˳ĺӡ

лѷԺŴ󷼻ݰʰãŴ󷼱ȥɻˡ
лӺأȻһƬǵطǳݣֲʳܲʲôŴ󷼱ֲҩĻֲ
ֻҪֲɹ׬Ǯ
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صȷһ
˵ҪȥҲųͷһҪȥŸɻŴƴǲֻܴԼһȥɽ
ũǼΪģǳͷһһ»Ӷȥᱳʹǲڻ¡
Ȼ࣬ѾĹɶˣ˵ĺ統ң⻰ǲġ
ĸ׺үүɻʱӾСһԵĵҰˡ
ҰˣŴ󷼽̵ϹһԵĵ﷭ң˸˲ٵҰͲˣϵǿԼӲ
ʵʱڣѾʼ˪ˣڵһƣСͶú˵ģûзӣҪߣŴڵһѵĿݲݣȼڻﶪ˼ȥӸһͿһ֪кأǲҲһѲݶ˽ȥ
һĿڷһأŴ󷼿ӱֱ飬ŴԼҲ۵ֻЩ̧ĸоźӺ˻˼
ʱҵֹ˳Ŵ󷼼߹
ãͬ־𣿡
Ҿ󷼣ǣ
ҵֵģ׼ɹϺж٣
Ŵ⻰æ˽ӣ˿ŴͰϺֱóЯĳӹ˳ӣһһϺӶʮвϺ㣬۸΢һЩŴͨ㣬Ҳ׬һٶԪǮ
ĿǰŴ󷼵һٶԪǮֽˡ
ҵֵǿģһ£Ŵ󷼻ѯʵҲһٶϺչ𣿡
ҵֵԱյģԺ
Ŵæȥ˹ɩӺʹ峤ϱϲ̵İϺ˲ֹһҲ׬ʮԪǮɰ˸ֻˡ
ҵֵİϺչãܿͰѳӿˣʱ˲ٶæûע⡣




17.  17 Ѹǰ   ŴϺ׬ˡ

ŴϺ׬ǮĴ˶ûע£һȴһпġ
˲ǱˣŴ󷼵ǰɩһ
ԴŴΪһ˺ܶĲ
ȣͬܵĶûˣ϶Ҫջصġ
һţʵǱĥġ
ӣǿ̱֮ˣϱȢţǾһˣ϶ʹ
ĻƣʹǰͷϱȥɻŮ˾ºӵĵڶ죬ҲûϢӣϵȥˡ
ĸ£ҲûзŹǸŮˣÿ⣬˾ͿʼǸŮˣŮ˱ĸ˻ĥˡ
Ůĸ֪ĻƵ࣬Ҳ֪˼ٲŮ˵ģһѵģŮ˻ؼңһйţΪһϴֵصȡ
˼Ҷ֪һӣ֪ӵ˵Ŀ̱˼ҵŮô޹ȥ˴ĥ
ϱѡȥŴ󷼵ǳõѡ
һŴ󷼳òڶŴˣûˣôĥ˴ĥˣҲû鷳

ŵԺɩһҲŴϣΰðֵܵͷȢˣֻҪŴ󷼵ĴڣΰͲص±Ŵϳ
ҲԵʣŴĸ˳Ӽж
ɩһʱʱģ͵͵ĶŴ󷼣ŸʲôŴ󷼸ߡ
ʱŴϺ׬ǮŴɩһһ񶾵Ĺâ
ѸǰǷǶ࣬οһǮĹѸŴ󷼼Сֻһˣûз
췹
һһӣҴҵĻȥˡ
һʮˣΪһıһ׳ʵ٣ɱͨ˴󣬲˶ҿ
һңȴҵĴŶûȥֱӾͳŴȥ
һŵʱԺĥĵĥʯϷĹâһЩһ뵽Ŵ󷼣һֹס˽Ų
Ӵæأ
һûĵɶ˵õ¶ûˣ㻹Ӽ
һһæӴι磬һǿ׳ĴˣѵһѸ㲻𣿡
⻰ɶ˼ӲУ
һæӴ磬أҰ˵˵ǸŴһŮ˴СһѸܱ翴ϣǿĸģ˿ϾͲˣο˼ҿأǿĸ磬Ҫģʱʱȥǰޣӳˣ㻹ܸ˭˵ǲ
һ⻰ԽԽͬͷǻͷӾ͵ȥ
ˣ㣬һٶԪǮأ磬һ֮϶˵һŮˣʲôңϽǮøţðЩǮһˣҪİɣǸϲģƿϰ磬ҿɶΪδ밡˵ǲ
ŴﾹȻһٶԪǮǾ͸ӵĶˡ
ˣҪˣǮҲҪˡ
һ뿪ԺǰңңŴͤͤģ̲סϣͳúŴ󷼵ķ˸Ȱռˡ
һѸҪ³ȥԼ˵Լġ
ȷԷﴫȥŴޱ˶ѣĵǸʱ򣬻ôԼ
ŴǮƣûǶԼǮơ
һүǵңûаǮƸһģƿǸϲģûʸǮ
̱Ŵ󷼺޹ϵȴѾŴ󷼵֮Ŵ󷼵ǮƣǮơ

һߣĺɫʱŴҲʼˡ
ո׬һǮҲٶԪǮˣνǮﲻţŴһɣ͸ˡ
ﻹʣºüʮأҼＸ˶ҪӪϣҲó
Ƭ޹޴飬˽ĩ˵˲ͣ۽ĩһһӷڹ
ӷǳQ˱ǣһ̲סȵڶ롣
ϣ󱦺Ͷ̲סŶӵǶǱˣ裬̫óˣ컹԰
ãٸ
һˮϴԺְŴغã̵˯ȥˡ
ҹ˯ҹŴһ飬Ȼһ¾ˡ
һ̣Ŵһ̧ͷͿǰվһˡ
˭ҹǰվһˣǶһ
Ŵ󷼾һһ°Ѵͷˮ˶˹ȥ
˱ˮҵáॡһ˶ݺ˹һѵӶŴ󷼵ؿڣݺݵĵٽһһӰͱɣ
Ŵ⻰ٽ΢⿴˺ĵӣŵЩˡ
㡭˭ҪǮǲǣҡҰǮ㣡
ЦһǮҪˣҲҪˣԹԸɺãȻƿ飡
Ŵ˵ԽԽ죬ɵǲǣ
˲ŴԽ϶˾ֻû뵽˾ôĵ󣬹컯֮£Ȼס
Ŵ󷼲³ԼԽȻ³ӣǾ͹Թ³ȥӾ˵Ѹӵģʱ㿴ܲ㣡
˿һ֮ˣŴȫû뵽˾ô޳ܡ
һ߼װӦһ߳ŹӵķȥҡҴӦǣ㲻Ҫ³ȥҡȰǮ㣡
Ǯǿ
һ۸Ů˳ΪϰˣûŮ˻ˣУ
Ŵ󷼵ȵľʱּװһԵĹǮȴץһѼһ¾ͳ˵Ӵ˹ȥ

˵ĲҽУŴһһңץӾȥ
ʱһ£ͿٳŴ׷˹
ۿҪ׷Ŵĸӣӵķſˣһ΢⣬ЩŵĵѾͷ쵽
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Ŵ󷼸ոߵߣ顱һһ¾Ϳǹˡ
ǹڰﴫһĲҽ˲ȱУææһ¾ͳӡ
š׷ȥַǹײײҹɫԵΣٵˡ
ŵáۡĿ޳ˣŴæú͵Ƶȼ
Զ峤ǹŻѿٸ˹




18.  18 Ӧ   Ŵ˵֮ǰ

Ŵ˵֮ǰŵѯŴ󷼵Ѿͷզûˣ
óżŴæû£˼һû˵ҡ
Ŵ󷼰§ڻοţһߺ˵Ż
ӣϳ˭˼ȻҰҹ϶ǸӣϤǼˡ
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ǹϹֱӶȿǹŲֻˡ
Ŵ󷼶һ£ҿеҴ
⻰ɫ
ԭ
һ£˿ϹĴˣһ˵û壬ûаֳץסʹȥҲûãôƿ
ֵģ
˵껰ܿ죬˾ʹŻѸ
峤ţȵ󲮣ɶˣզǹˣ
ˣ۸Ҷӷһǹ
˵ǹҲЩͷǸλͶģȽԺԾҲˣ˷Դͻص˹磬һͨũˡ
λʱ򣬲ʽõǹһֱ˼ǸҲõǹ죬µֻǹһֱûбջء
룬ֻǹٴó
ˣӣţѯʵúϸ˴Ѳ鿴ҲһŴڷľ˱Ϊƻĺۼ
˰Ŵ󷼷ľƻԺٴľŴ󷼵ķס
ԣǳŴġ
峤鿴ɫԽѿˣ˿Ŵ󷼣󲮣û°ɣ
û£һӶúõġ
󲮣㿴զǿ˵ģ𣿡
ûģأֻ˸Ӱ׼
ʱ⣬Ÿ˽
һӣӴҪ˵ˣҲǹְǴô˼ңզ˼ﲻңƫƫ
˲ǱˣŴ󷼵ǰɩһ
һһ߽ӣӾһתڿŴ󷼵ʱ򣬺ҪŴϰһƤƵġ
ȿŴãŴɫȻţҲûоʹɫʱϵʧ֮ɫһ
ŴڿһʱϾͺܲÿˣڿһɫ仯Ŵһͷһʧ
һȻˣҲ˵Ŵ󷼱ͽˣûнҲ򲻿ҹ˼ҵģڣһҹԼˣǿ϶Լģһɫû˵һ϶ԼЦġ
һô֪ԼЦֻһܣһ֪ҹҪ͵͵Լ˺Լ
ٽһ֮ǰԼ˵ý飬Ŵ󷼻ʲô׵ģ
û˵ֻҹ˺Լ⣬һģ
뵽Ŵ󷼿һɫ˼ɭɭġ
죬⻰ʲô˼ҹҼ￴֣һֻģĪ֪׵˭
⻰˵һһæԼʲôզ֪ҿɲĹѸҹţ˵׼ǲأ
һֻû˵ŴƷвˣ˰ҹˡ
Ŵ󷼴ʱҲ˵ĿˣֻϵˣԼָҵļƷӣֻ²ᵹһң˵ŴѸ˼˴ˣ˹˺ˣҪȥˡ
ĵһŴΪ˲ΣֻҲίԼ޵ȥ
Ŵ֮䣬ڶͷתҲǷ˺ݣһҪǰɩһѵУ˼̫ˡ
֮䣬Ŵ󷼻Ӷƣ桰žһһ°Ѱ˦һȥ
Ŵþȫһð߶
㡭ҹ˵Ůˣ㾹Ҵң
Ŵȴ˵һԵĵһ¾ͳһӶ˹ȥҪһܵÿ죬һһ¾͸˸š
Ŵ󷼵Ҵľ˼ŮˣΪ˽ôҹ壿֪ǼѣҵЦѣҹҼԶôô죿֪ҼҪ֪һֱĸ˸ߣѾźˣķҲøˣǻһҪϾɱû񶾵ŮˣҪҵĺ˷ӣţң֮䣬ô񶾵Ůˣ
Ŵ⻰һٸϹĴڿһʱ򣬶ɫֱ䡣
һԼĵ˼˼ˣֻ˼ң
οŴ󷼸ûе
˼ֵøˡ
ţʱ򣬲˶ʶһҲ¶ģҪ˶
Ŵô˵ҲżˣƮҵĵ˵ʲôô֪ʲôҡǺĲģ
ӳǺģ
һλ죬ԽĻˣұǺģߣȻǶƫĹѸ߾ǣǲҪҲ֪˴үʲôôŮ˾Ҫã˷ֳ飬͸ð˸߲УЩˣɲҪɱˣ
⻰һߺһܣҲһܵÿ죬ȻһԵĴ峤̲סˡ
ܺǣȻӶָѵѵ
ǱˣһɷΰĴ硣
ΰ˿ŭĴˣɫӲһ£ŵŵӦһҶŴ߶࿴ҲҴҵˡ
Ժ󣬴峤˰Ŵ󷼰ѾƻĴ޺ãȻؼˣ˾Ժٱ
ڶһ磬Ժ󣬼򵥵һ¼ֿ˿ֳѯʼ䣬˰ˡ
߾죬Ŵ󷼵ԺһͷѾ˰׷ϴ÷·Ů˴һűСŮ˹
Ů˿Ŵ󷼣ļݹȥ󷼣˵ˣû°ɣ
ŮֽңŴǰǰ֪֪֮һ򰾲ֵص࣬Ҽ޸һصˣϧǣ޹ȥԺӹòôã˾Ṉ̀ˣӵʱҲ᲻øһƽģһЩӵϡ࣬ҲˣҺŮΪʣһƤˡ
Ŵ󷼿˿ߵСŮѾˣǿȴֻӣͷݻƣǸ߸ͻɫݻƣһӪ
Ŵץ˼ǵݸӣתͷҵң⼦ȥɣûµģ⼦Ҫŷˣ϶һ
ȴҡͷιļš
Ŵƴǲֻˡ
лԼ˵ģŴһԵӴҵĺһȥԱˣһ˵
ʱҺȻ󷼣ڣֻҪֻ֤ҪˣҶܻȥˣ㡭ĲǰѺˣԼسȥ𣿡




19.  19 Щسǵ   ڻسǣ˭

ڻسǣ˭ܲأ
Ŵ˵سǣ˼ƮԶˡ
ڸɾ⻬İ·ԣͩʢɫͩŷƮͩϲȹȥͩζڱǶˡ
ͩľͷһʯͷɵСԺСԺǰĿյ򣬴ڲԶͩҪ첹һͩĻӣ
ϧǸ˴źӣŴ⹫ĸ޽СԺ͸գ˱˵ˡ
سǣ˭أŴ󷼶һ£Ҳҵĺӵģ˰֣ߵҶҵĺӣҵİ֣
⻰̾ϢһԴźӣ˭ܲأ̫ˣ㿴ҵ֣˿ӣֲڵøƤƵģҵ·ôˣҲû·ˣҾûгԹһٱ˵仰ңҹȥˣĹȥˡ
Ҫ˵ԵģɷŵĶ򣬷֪࣬޹ʣ仹ûΪżһӣ˼Ҹûһ
Ŵ󷼶һ£ôܰʲô
ҵ۾һȼŵһڼ棬һһسǵĳѣպãʱ򣬺ȡ
Ŵһݣզ죿ڵʱ򣬺ܴĥοԺ󣿡
ҧҧ촽һسҵҡһģ
˵Ŵ֪һߺӵĿԣûС
ֵܽǺܶ࣬һسǣŵĵطûУڳ﹤ңûйϵ£Ĺֻܵűţʱ򣬼ֵϱˣ϶סڼʱΨһĳ·ҲǼˡ
ټˣ齨¼ͥ۹ȥµĺӣôᱻȥҲԸŮ
ǣӯӯ˫ۣŴֻܵʲô֪ҼȡӣӦõġ
֪ŴǴӦˣɾᣬ˵һ䡰ллתͷʹһԽд椵Сˡ

߳Ŵ󷼼ſڣҵɷѾ߹ˣźߵңɫ
֮ǰ֪඼ͨˣ߿ҹϵ֮سˣʣµ֪඼Ǽ˵ģʵûйϵڱ齨ͥķޡ
ȻһسˣŮˣ˺ĸװŮūŸɻԼʡˣͬ飬뿪£Ҳˣҿر
뿪ˣŴҲﰲȫ⡣
СӣֱӵҸλЩ꣬һܽʦ֣ҲžУĽ̹ѧ֣Ժ󣬺Ӿ͸ɡ
ǾˡŴ󷼶һ£ǼðװһϽĴУҪôһԺӣӿҡ
Ȼʱڼң޷񣬵ûгװʰȥǰð˷š
һ£߶Ūɣпվȥӱ߼һʯͷһЩɳϽ𴰻취
ڵĸֽϡȱԴһˣǸŪ
ڳԺ󣬼ԺǽֻǷһô򵥡
ţ⣬һŮ˳Ŵ󷼼˹
Ů˿Щ죬߽ˣŴɫһ
ŮŴ󷼼ſڣӴأ
Ů˲Ǳˣĸӡ
Ŵ䶢Ůˣʲô
󷼰ǿͣͲҽȥ𣿡
˵£ҼҲ˽ݡ
Ŵ벻ͨôô޳ܵˣҪ֪գҷΪڶգ˵ĸףˡ
Ŵ󷼵䵭ݺݵİŴáһͨ룬ǸģʲôǣȵԼҵţԼղʰŮˣ
˽ǰð˺š
뵽Ӿͼһ˿Цݣ˵ܾˣⲻǰһǣȳ԰
˵ŻһѾڻв׳棬źںİһֻԼԸİǡ
Ŵ󷼿һİǾ̲סüͷİˡ
ҪģͰǵӣ
Ŵ󷼵ûȥ޹ʣҲûʲô飬ⳤ˳ӵİǣԼðɡ
˵ŻŴŤͷҪӣ缦צһȴһץֱӰһİŴ󷼵˽ȥ
Ӵι󷼰ѽ綼һˣʲô
˭һˣ˻𣿸Ͻİǹ
ȴѰŴ󷼵ķһһתͳСȥһһߵӴιʲôһˣźˮ
Ŵץǰǣһ³ӵ϶ȥİǹûûƤؼվӣ
˵껰ҪӣһԣӴҪ׷һҧ̣һߵҹŮҲˣ
Ǳǹ򴩵ȣһˡ
ߵС棬̲סڴ£Ⱥ£ӴιһģקʲôקƿˣҲԼɶͰǻҪޣ
еϱáȻûеǶ֪áŴˡ
áһû˴ˡ

緹ԺŴżҲ࣬ۿſ붬ˣɽ࿳һЩ
˵ԺҲһɽȥɻ
˱ѾʮˣȽŷǳ㣬ŴһɽʱһһЩ塣
󱦺Ͷ˸ɻæһĸ˹ȥ˼ģһһ㽲ô塣
һ˫۾ĵ壬⣬壬ץˣ
˵ͷȻͷۼҸҲð岼ϣӵע㣬ҪȵˣҲҪѼﲼõ߱ˡ
үүǶ֪
ŴɽͬʱʵҲһЩģɽϵİ˼òˣɽϵضǡ
˲֪ӿʳá
Ŵ󷼴ռһЩҲһ˲ӪһЩɻԸ֪ͽĳȥһЩ
ֵܽü磬ĺֽţȥĶĵطӿ϶ܲùŴ֮ǰҲĹһЩȥһֱûѶҲֵ֪ܽöզˡ
Ŵ󷼼˲ӻؼҵʱ򣬵кˡ
ſڣһŮ͵Ⱥˡ
Ů˼Ŵ󷼣æͬ־ɣ
ԣǡǣ
ǴӴģҷո𣬴ﶼƺҸӣҹŮڹޣ˰ϯ𣿡
Ŵþһ𣬵ȻҪϯġ
Цһ仨˵ϯļãǺãǾô˵ˣȸһԪǮĶǮʱҼϯ
У
ٴˡ




20.  20 Ӣ۾   ӼŮǳ

ӼŮǳûǮϯ÷ǳƯ˵ҲԽз߿˸һˣżҶԸŮҲԽĸ߿ˡ
Թϯˣ˵ŴľϯãӣŴ󷼵ӵԽæµˣȥԺ󣬵ϯŴȥЩ˼˼ҸǮĹǮǼͥһЩģҲǮ
˸ǮϯĲٱõ⣬ҶŴ󷼱һݡ
ŴԴӷּԺ󣬼ﾹٶٲ⡣
һУǿӷĲˬ졣
ӾͰͲŴ󷼴ӹȥۿŴ󷼵ԽԽãȻܲˬ졣
ﲻˬͬʱһ־ͬϵĶѣҲǶŴ󷼸Ľʼɺ޵ģ˲ǱˣӵĴϱһ
һſŴ󷼱Ժ󣬲ûпŻǣԽԽһǲġ
һ˼ԹһƲɣһơ
ÿôŮˣϲպһ˵˼ҵİԣЩһ
һգһżŮ˴һ𣬿ʼֹ
һǻǵϵǹ𣿡
ӱզˣ˯ҹǶ˰˭֪ܲǹƵģˡ
ò׻ںƽ˵һ㣬ǱᣬڵȻֺǧٱ
һǵӽŮ˵𣿡
ѵҿ˵һǹء
һޣͷǱŮ˸ۣ˵ѸǰǷǶ࣬Ӭ޷ĵŮҪԼ㣬ҹиȥҿǿ϶ŮԼ͵˭ˣأŮûҸͷŰ˸ˡ
һ⻰˵Ĵһû¶ܳһµŮ˸˷ˡ
ӴιɣҿŴ󷼳ðװ׾ģҲ˰ɣ
һƲ죬Ҫ治ˣܰҹţ˵ӣΪɶϱ˼ҵţƫƫҵţ
һ⻰˵һԵļŮ˶ֻģͷ
ʱŴǡôɽȥɻأǡþͰһⷬһ
Ŵû뵽һܱЩԻЩûը
պһͬһⵣķ㣬Ҫȥ߲ˣŴ󷼶˵ֱӾóëǮһ㣬ˡ
˵ŻëǮݸ塣
һǮǵ£ëǮ˼ңҲһʺƣ㶵İѱⵣݸŴ󷼣Ŵ󷼽ӹⵣһ°һķţһԵһ˹ȥ
·һߣ±ⵣѸһͰũҷʣͳһȫȥ
桰һһȫ˸š
һԵ帾ʶһȥǻˣϱ˺üΡũҷʡ
ҵĻһһͷţˡũҷʡ˵ͣŴ÷ʱ򣬺ܴɣպҲ˲٣
ʱȫ˶ɴ۾סˡ
Ŵһת˵һͰġũҷʡҲһȫ˹ȥ
ŴûҪĳǣôң㾹ôңҺƴˣҪƴˣ
һ̼÷ˣȫķ㣬һ¾ͳŴ˹ȥ
ŴȻһôһͷɵɲһܣǣȾܣһԵС·һ̾˳ȥ
ʱһպôһ·һһķ㣬һ¾ˣһһզˣ
ϹŴǸǰҸõģץסץס
⻰ɫˣһ³Ŵ󷼵ķҲ׷˹ȥ
һ׷һáǶ񶾵СƤ͵үǾˣƾɶ÷ϱӽǺúýѵ㲻ɣ
˵ʱɫ˼ֵ˵˼Ŵ󷼰ҹ͵ˣ
ŴҲǱˣɵ˿湻Ҫģ˵ˣҪҲӦõģοҸûңˣȴ͵ˣһӲع۵ĵ⣬治Ƕ
ŴһһܣţǺһ˾롣
Ŵ֪Լ϶ܱôץסˣȻ˺ݺһ٣ֵطԼпû˵ȥ
ŹսǴܹȥʱ򣬡顱һ£һײһʵĻ
ԡԲ𣡡
ɫ˴ִһ°Ƶ¶ȣͣģŴͬ־û°ɣ
Ŵһ̧ͷͿЩĵӡ
лѷͬ־죬죬ҰѺס
Ŵ󷼻ո£һѾŴ󷼵ĸǰ
ĿŴ󷼵ǣϽ¹Ǹӷһٲɣ
˵Żȭͷһ¾ͳŴ󷼻˹
˺Ů˵ܴŴ󷼳һֺóգûѧʲôģɲǣŴһͷˣ
ʱһװ˶лѷӶȭͷһһƣһģһ¾ͱһԵˮ
ӭһһлѷһ߹ȥһڡһҲһˮ
лѷȭͷӶÿ֨죬һһǡöŴ󷼵棬ȻֻһĴȭͷǴֲ֧סļ⣬ɲǵ˺üŵĿӣٿлѷ˿鸹֣һӲģǳպԸС
ŴɲǾ;Լ񱻻۾ûƿĿ⡣
һԣлѷŲԶ˶ݺݵĵ˭ҶҴӿ˭ҪҴӣлѷ϶û꣡
ЩҺлѷӣһ˭˭°ǵ¿òܣ
лѷˣҸһᣬһϡҪǴӮңҾͲ¡
һ˶Կһۣ͵Ա߿յҪǾͲǸүǣ
ƽԼһĶֵأҲΪϰߵģûԹĿлѷһ˴򵹣˶ʣ˴һ˻ܴ򲻹Ҹĵطǰú˶һףлѷ򵹡
ǽһ³лѷ˹ȥ
õĴܷʽھȭĵطǿ϶ûġ
лѷһ̧תӶȭͷ桰顱£ɽ˾͵ȥ
ŷ˵Ժлѷȥɽһȭߡ
ײˣǴŮ˵ӼһδһΣ
ȴɽ޿䣬¹ģлѷŷſɽ
лѷӣԺ˭Ҫ۸Ҳ
ˣˣҲˣ
ɣ
ɽ˵ײײæż˻ȥ
Ҫ֪Ŵôһѣ۸˼ҹ¶ĸ




21.  21    ɽܵԺ󡭡

ɽܵԺ, ŲԶָָģлѷٴΰԼŴ󷼳һ, ֻܵлѷͬ־лٴγְæ, пҪȥҼҺȱ裿
ԴϴξܾлѷԺŴлѷ, ʵоЩ, ˺Ȳ, ǿ׻
лѷ, ã
泯ҵķˡ
Ŵ˵ʲôΧвٴ̽ͷ̽Կ, ŴΪѹСˣðȥȸС
ʹлѷżȥ
·д˵, , ˭ѽ
Ŵֻõ, ҵһѣ
ŶŶ, һѣ
Ŵ⻰, оЩ, ֲվʲô
лѷ, 󷽷Ŵ˱ȭ, , ҽлѷҵֵľֳŴҴ, ԺҶգ
˵Żӿڴͳ˵̡
˵Ǹֳּôףݽ˹ȥȿ̣һ
л̣Ȼл̣
һǮһ̰
ƽʱҼʹǮҲͳһĵƵֻ̣ҪǮѣǿ˼ңȻǴ쵼һǮһ̡
һʱ˶лѷӣæӦõģӦõģһģӦõġ
лѷûʼ۸Ҵӣһȥߵֳ֪ͨһ䡣
ããû⣡
ٵлѷһ̵ˣõĺôһ㣬˼Ǵ쵼ˣܸԼأǾ÷ǳӣȻҪлѷһӡ
Ŵһ׾ƣò׺ʹ˴˸ò飬лѷ̾ˡ
һʱŴﲻЩӡ
лѷȻʲôû˵һһġҴӡţŴһָоȨ
ŴһӵѲȻµĸףӼ˶࣬Լ϶˼ҡ
ԣлѷƣ⡣
ȵŴ󷼼ӣڴȭأӻӶСȭͷҧ촽һŬϽģ
лѷȶڴŲˣԾŬţﲻЩ뷨
ӱǸŮ˴ţһ͵ˣģ˼Ŵ󷼵ĺӻ꣬Ǻ˼Һûȡ

ӼˣĴклã
󱦶ܸɣ
󱦶Щߣлһˣٸϲ衣
лѷʧЦУҵţ
лѷŴ󷼽ݣŴȥˮݲ裬лѷӣԾʰøɾ࣬ó˶ڿˡ
ȲˮݳŴ󷼵лæ
лѷѣʲôԺʲô飬ȥߵֳҾС
ã
лѷ˶٣ǣˡ
ã
лѷŲ˶٣վȥ
Ŵ̾
ǰмɫ£˵ĹҲǣŴ󷼲ԸӣлѷĸӣӣǲǸһ뷹Ծܳɵ飬ҪѪÿյĳԺסаļ񣬾øһƮƮĻɵ顣
лѷߺûãҾˡ
һڷңɷûи
Һһ㣬Ŵ󷼵󷼣ϴθͼأؼȥˣ
أ
Ŵ󷼰ѿղӵݸңҵллתͷŲӣȥҵŰײ˷ŲӣųŴȥ
ǡϽĴСϱȣһӵŴţأţʱһҲΥ͡
ʱû֪һȥҲص
ţ˳ϣʹ˷ֿԺ򳡿ڵſسǵʹ̽ˣȴûжã೵ˣԥ˳ӡ
һߣҴСˤȵϢҲ÷зŴһڷ綼ûй¶ҲûˮŴá
Ŵ󷼵ǰɩһڴɢŴԵģŴ˴Ժֱлѷһٴ˳ʵˣŴϯ˵ûʲô۶ӡ
ϾлѷǷ˻ģлѷСǸ٣ֳø߸ߴġ
Ŵһֱæµʮһ£ϯ˼ͣ
ڼ䣬Ҳм鷢
һͱ˽֪ˣʲôûֱһŻƱֱӻسˡ
ھ뽭ǸԶĶǣһǶûȥᶫˡ
ҵǰźɷֹҲҺް취ǰŶʼˣ׼Ȣˡ
Ͼ˵ʱ飬ûаֻ֤ǰһϯѡ
ûн֤£ܻسԺ󣬼ʹٻ飬ǰҲûȥǿ˺ӣСŮĸܵԺԽΪӺжˡ
ʹĺӣΪǸŮӺÿȴźһٶǺӼ챻ͷóԷ·ǲһһ㣬ʮһˣǰð·һôȫȥˣúӶɪɪȴܡ
üΣ椿Ŵ󷼣ѯʣ̣𣿡
Ŵ󷼲ҿӵ۾ûС
ĵַҡǮȥ裿
ûа
ʧĴͷһ˫ϣ۾ɲǱ
ںҪת뿪ʱŴʵڲģѺúóԵĸԡ
պ˰ӣѩ׵ƤײڵİӣŴ󷼱ǵ˴ڼҵʱ򣬻᲻ǰõײڵİӣʱݵøƤƵĺʵڿ̲סݸӡ
ӳһ£̻ʵİѰӳԵˡ
ȳ˰ӣ⺢Ӻòĵлл̡뿪Ŵ󷼼
ԺڼſڣŴ󷼾ͼһɽӣ̧ͷȥСϣǺӳ˻֣һˡ
ԭ⻹Ϊ˸лժɽӸ
һʱŴЩӡ
ôССĺӳһٷ֪ժɽӱ𣬶ǸûٻĹǮƱĹˣȴܼĸˡ
ֲ̾ΪǸӵģǺȻ£ϾֻǻһȫչԼĺӶѣǰ죬˵ѾΪһϱˣϱþҪˡ
ûкѾ˺ˣȢϱţ椻л·
ȻﵣģԼҪŴԼҲýͰ͵ģ϶Լ鷳
ȻʮһˣɫãŴ󷼱¨ɽ𣬲Ȼѩʱ򣬼ֻ²𲻹ա
ҲҪ˵һ£Ǿɽ塣
ò˵Щĺܸ
Ӿµʮһ£Щ徹ץʮֻҰҰӡ
ЩӣŴ󷼳˳˲֣Ķζٸһһɵްһʼ˳ȥ

һ죬Ŵֱű¨ɽȥΣһһĲ鿴ȴһֻﶼûС
ŴȻɻȴҲûô⣬ֻΪԵʡ
ȱŲɽŴ·ӼԺſڵʱһֻҰڴ
һֻҰŴɫһ䡣
Ӽˣû˻ԣôҰζ
Ŵ̲סӣҰģ
ӿŴ󷼣ƲƲ죬Լģܵ𣿡
ȫҾû˻ԣôõҰ
Լģզģ
Ŵ󷼵Ȼզģֻǻ֪ĵطˣȥ͵ѡ
û֤ݣҲ˵ʲô
Ŵ󷼱ű¨ؼȥˣ¸
⻰ϣȥ帽ž֪ˡ
ڶһ磬Ŵ󷼺һȥ帽ץһֻҰ
Ŵ󷼺ļȡ˳һԲݴԵš
ӺһȻûŴ󷼡ʧ˱ű¨Ȼ帽ǻĿݲݸҿˣֻӵôûУѾͷ˸ϯǿûԣɲܱˡ
һҲʧûץҰζĻֻˡ
ϱֹʧĻؼȥˡ
ݴԺĵѾͷղôȥǣ
ǸֱˣǸֱӣһӦȥϱˡ
Ŵ󷼵֣һֱҪҺͺӸϳӣΣҪһѵ
УҪôְ㣡
Ŵ󷼵֣Ҵ帽Ū壬ŪһЩʲôģֻҪУһѵ
У
ջڸλʱģ޷죬Ŵ󷼻ؼһЩ㣬岼úã̵Ļؼȥˡ
ȻؼԺŴĢӴȭ
С׵ֱΪ˲۸Ӿּš
һ̵ֽӿʼϰȭ
ŴһֻԣһݽӣСĢ⽷
ݲ˶˳һСɴ۾
裬óԣ裬ҴԶζˡ
ŴʧЦ˺ڲǰԷ
Сۿɼٶ˺ܴһأԴˣĸ׷ǳο

緹Ժ󣬱ȥϷˡ
ԶӵɽϣӴŴϱһɽȥ˱һ¨ϲ̣Եļζ̲סҰһ͡
һԣ̲ͬסҰһͣԽץס
˵֮ץֻΪһֱŴ󷼵Եʡ
ȻﲻҶŴʲôǰһ϶ǲĵģŴ󷼺üζһȥͬһɽʶ͵͵˹ȥ
һȥͷץ塣
ͬһסţ˵Լڵ壬ͲӦ̰ͼǸ˲Ŷԣܶϱ˵ǸǲڵĶ
˵ڶ͸Ŵ󷼵ǰţõ壬Ȼûйˣ˳ɹ˳һֻ
˵һԺڽ˹ʼʩٴɽͷ崦
˸ոտʱ㴫һڡȻץˡ
˶ԿһۣӴһһ˷ܵĳ屼˹ȥ
һ̣һ·ˣֻڡһϱ˷ܿץס壬һһ
Ҫģ澹Ȼˡũҷʡһ±QȥֱӾ͸Ūķ㡣
˵ļŴ̵ĴһԵ̵߳ĴһԵץסļȡߡ

ŴͷЦĵӴ˭ڽоԭӺ찡
˿Ŵ󷼳֣ﲻһ£һ̣˾żˣֻվƽЦп˵Ŵ̵з㣿ã˰
ιι߰Ŵ󷼣һ
ɶ͵ô𣿡ĽŲԽԶˡ
ιŴ󷼣㲻㲻ܶǣɽҰ޵ġ
һɽͷѾɽˣʱҰܳ˵Ұʲôģʱֻˡ
ôлŴԾɲˣֱˡ
ȻصŴ󷼵Цݾûʧߡ
Ǹ˾裬Цʲô
ŴֺǺǵĵˡ
ɶ°
ץһֻۼϳԼ⣬㲻£
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ϣŴһСĢ̻ԣһ뼦һն
ӺԵýζġ
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ΪӵĶӣȻ֪Լĸ׺ϱһʲôȥˣɫˣȴûлؼң˹ȥŰ˴Ƿ˳
˳Ժ󣬱ȥŴ󷼵鷳˼ڵģҪȥҲûһȻҧгݣֻȻؼϴ軻·ˡ
һȻɵлѷֱһЩʲôҲŴ󷼺ù
˵ڶ죬ȥӵ¿ˣǣ˶֪Ŵ󷼼壬ץˡ
ͬһסţҪǴҶԲ⣬϶û˵ʲô
ǣһ˶ٶٳ⣬ǳ˼ң϶ᱻԡ
Ŵ󷼵Ŀǰ߻ʵʱ˳ѷֵĵػֽ𣬿ɲھͱԣǣ˹ϵõļ˼ң˼ķӡ
νʦţпˣȻ˷ӣʣµģȫԼˡ
ũУѧ˼ң͵͵ȥ˴ӸԶɽ͵͵塣
ȻÿζԵ죬ܵõѵԡ
˳һѩʱںõԽˡ
ڴü˼Ҷȥɽ͵͵һץɽͷСﶼץĲˡ
һۿŴﲻ˶ں⣬ӵˣ÷ۺ졣
գһģųͷȥӸĽɽ壬ССĵȥЩѺӸˤˡ
峤鲻ãպᣬ˰Լںõ嶼ˣҲžʹֹ
һߣһ˼˶ץˣﵹ̹ˡ
һֻץ˶ץźء
ѧԵ˼ң˽͵͵һ˸Ѫͷﶼ¶ʺԶһ㣬õⰡ˵ûûˣҪһڽɽڿӣ⵵¡

һѩʱԽˣʱʯͷҲԺǽˡ
Ŵ˴ţȥˮࡣ
ˮƱ˴峤˻ģȡաţϣŴ󷼻һǮһЩˮ࣬ð˹æᵽţϡ
ۿԽԽ䣬ڸպǮȥһЩʻȥ
£ȻɶˣҪƱݵģŴ󷼸˰ϯ׬һЩǮûƱ
м⣬׺ܾûţˣŴ󷼱¨ҲһֻѬӣſܲܺ˻Ʊݡ
һˮ೧ӸͦãŴ󷼱ű¨ڳƣܿ죬һŮˡ
Ŵ߹ȥҪѬѬ𣿡
Ůһ£ģ͵ҪҪô
Ŵƿ¨Ů˿һۣѬԼӴԼ˽ëһѬζûˮ֣ëһҪһƱ߱Ʊݡ
Ů⻰ӦȻ߿˲٣Ȼڿˣžˮζ϶ҪԵġ
Ů˸ŴʮǮһŰƱһ޻ƱһһƱ
ŴƱݣϲ̵磬Ʊݶ˳ȥ
Ŵ󷼶ûްľֻʣһ㱡ľ޻žܸо©Ƶġ
Ҳÿ֮ǰŴŪһЩ޻һްޱȻ죬ҲѰ
ʱŴ󷼻ëǮ˰⣬ˮǿԲҪƱܹ򣬶Ҽ۸񼫱ˣһѵˮëǮߣǴ͵ģŴ󷼸ֻˣæһȫˡ
޻ûҲѣŴ󷼴һθϳһμζʱһЩƱ
ˮԺϹһ£Ȼѩˣǡ꣬ϻֵͦģ˱ű¨ڽֱĴûץ˵ĺ칫£Ƕڵŷӻ
Ŵ󷼹һ£Ȼûһֻȡ
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Ŵ󷼱һ¨ڣڵţѾˣŴæ˳ӡ
ʱ峤ţҲ˹ϳĳͷ˶ˣ͸ţˡ
Ŵ󷼻صʱڴڿֿˡ
ӶŴ󷼷ǳһȰ˵ӻѩţŴ󷼻ʱ򣬺ѾñͷˣŴˣæ§Žӡ
Ȱѱ¨£Ҳˣ̵ĵ裬ʲôѽ
Ŵ󷼰ͳһӸǹӰֽ۾һҸĳǡ
Ŵ󷼺飬֣ˮҲˣʱЩ˰æɻ
ʹţĴӾҵɩӵҵгºֵɣЩˣʵڣ͵ˣ
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Ŵ󷼵ȥ˸ɻˣɻȻǰ׸ɣҪǮģŴ󷼸ëһĹǮǰʳһ˵˾ͶӦڶͿɡ
˵Ժǽ飬Ŵ󷼻ؼԺ󣬾Ϳʼϴˮˡ
˲ľҺηϴŴ󷼺ܿͰˮϴɾˡ
ûȫ˷ʳһʳ󱦶Źζʱʱţ᲻ƿŲ
ÿ춼⣬Сÿ죬ζƲŲ
Ŵ󷼰Ѻշʳ˳ʱӶ˵óԣһŷ洫
Ŵ󷼵˭
ǰ
棬Ȼлѷ
ԴϴлѷŴԺʱʱģлѷͻᵽŴ󷼼
Ŵ󷼵ӵʹ֪ԣȴҲûоܾлѷ
ȰѴŴ򿪣ߴлѷ߽
лѷһ⣬һԻһӡ
лѷֳǱŪҰ⣬Ժأдˡ
򵽰ˡ
лѷҲĻְһԵİùλ˸һӵ龫Ӻ嶼ȵ㲹ǵλĲš
ŴҡͷҲУûȥɡ
лѷȴ¶ˣٹæ

ŴЩ˵ˡ
ѾлѷĳЩˡ
лѷںӦһҲ֪ǲ
лѷߺŴЩǸ˽Ůˣӣǣлѷˣʱӵס
һ̾һСл˲
֣ĸӣ
һԳźҲ˵ˡ
ŴҲ֪˲úãԵĿǰţҲڣʱʱ˶͹
ǣĸӡ
ŴҪܣͽ˱ˣĸӡ
оûǸ׼ҲԼޣ޷ǸΡ
ôġ
Ů˼ˣǼ޸һô򵥣Ǽ޸һͥ
ڶѩͣˣģҵ˾͹ˡ
Щ˶Ǹϰ߻ƵģŴ˵ҪԺ󣬾Ϳʼɳ׼ǽˡ
ŴԺǽһ㣬Ա֤İȫӦʼɻ
緹ŴһӺշʳϴõķʳ̨ţˡ
˺շʳһ̵һͷ
к˽Էʱŷ˵ζܲסˡ
Ŵû˵ģһ̻ʣȽӵĺ磬ʧһɶˣȫڵġ
󷼵վǺã۾ûԹôóԵķʳ
һζûУʳŴɿڣһҧȥŨζ
ʳҲرζһų˺ü룬һӵʳԵĿ˵ס
Ա㣬˸ɻԽˡ
𻨺ҵҲӣСӱȴ󱦶ӡ
Ժ
Ŵ󷼸һץһѵǣųºӼһһȺѩѩˣıˡ

Ŵ󷼼ĸˣҲû⼸ӣʼķˡ
ʱɩҲˣŴһ˳æӣæϴвʲôġ
һ϶Ҫúһ㣬ģŴ󷼾ͰˣܲգлѷҰ⣬һ飬عһЩݲľƬ
ڳæ⣬лѷҲˣֳСһæ̧̧ݵݣԽɵĿˡ
磬ߵǽ澹Ȼһˡ
緹ԺŴкԷȻȺͦεлѷ̲ס˽һԣҵû𣿡
лѷЦһ£ˣš
Һأ㲻ţ
лѷֱֱϳţһͷҲ
Ŵ󷼱Щڣͷæȥˡ
緹ԺůûϢּɻˡ
ȸɵڣССԺӣ˴룬Ŵ󷼹ٸһ磬ԺӾˣæ˵л
ǼҲŴԷģӷ᲻ߣ̣컹ԺлƾͽǰҲɣýҵС
⻰˵Ŵ̲סЦ
˵ǹӵСӣѧСһһģ
ŴסЦС˵ͷУ´лƣҾͽнѧæ
̣ʱ㻹ǸóԵ⡣
У
СӣϽߡ
𻨰ѺһץϽˡ
лѷߵģվں￴˿Ŵ󷼣Ŵʲôû˵׿תͷˡ
Ŵ󷼼Ժӣڵڶ磬ʽ޺ˡ
ԺӵĴţлѷ˰æģҵֲٻľʦлѷ˴ǰԺӵĴҲˡ
󱦶Ҳż˲ٵĶůʯԺĵأŴ󷼵Ľ£ָ˼С飬Χ϶ůʯֻȿˣڵֲ߲ˡ
Ժ޺ԺŴ󷼱ҲûʲôҪŴ׬ǮĽŲȴͣ
ںѩǲźüֻӣѬζѾˣѬζҲˣŴ󷼴˼ⶡⶡ
Ŵ󷼱ˣգԲڻ¡
죬ζ̼ʹ󱦶̲סֿ

öԺŴ󷼳һ£ζǳζ΢΢Ҫζʮ㣬ʲôˣǳʲôˣܴ䡣
ʺϲˡ
Ŵ󷼼вٵĹͷƿӣЩƿϴɾԺ󣬰һһ޷װлѷޣǰæ˼ңһһӣʣµģ´θϳȥ
˹򣬵ҲʧΪһ֮·




22.  22 ٹ1   ڶպǡ

ڶպǸϼ, Ŵ󷼱˼ƿƿöֻζȥϼȥˡ
ٽˣѩ, ˻ðŴѩȥӸϼ
ɻһ꣬˸ϼʱﶼЩǮ, ҲԸ⻨Ǯ
Ŵ󷼱ű¨ϣԾӸˮ೧ת, , һŲӵ긾Ůűű¨, , ͬ־, û
ˮ೧üű¨˶ڴתЩ˿ģߵĸĸ, ǰæֵĺѾʧ, Ŵ󷼲صĺ, , , һֻѬ, һֻѬ, мⶡζⶡζ
Ů⻰, ĵ, ģ
Ŵ󷼰Ƶװڷͷƿӣʱóһܿɫ, аɫ֥飬ⶡȣû𿪸ӣһζ˱Ƕ
Ů˶ֿܴ򿪿𣿡
Ȼԡ
򿪣ζ͸Ӳˣ˱ǵζջʶһ¡
Ŵ󷼵ǶƵϳƶɣ汥֥飬ⶡȣⶡҰⶡҰҰ˻ǳľһ⼦㣬泴һܹõĵζƽհŷԣ⣬Ϊϡ
Ǯһޣ
ëǰⶡģ۸һûⶡĶͱһ㣬ֻҪë
Ŵóʱ򣬺üŲӵ˶˹ʱЩ˵۸Ժ󣬶Щɡ
˵ë̫ˣһɡ
ŴҲЦӯӯĵ棬ɶͣ⣬Ǯһˡ
˶٣ŴֵһƷ򡣡
ó׼õĿӣһЩͼһԵƿ
һԵŮȲӣٵļһ鼦ⶡ
һ̣Ůһ۾̫ó̫ζˣⶡɿڣһ㶼񣬷Ե㣬Ͱ鷹϶رζ
˵ŻһƿƿһëвУ
Եġ
Ů˻ٵݳһǮŴһë
üƷһ£޲ڣƷż۸ˣζɿڣ
Ŵ󷼵ѬζҲˣʼѯʼ۸Ĵ㣬εļһ㣬ʮԪǮ
Ŵ󷼱ŵĶʮһ¾ͱˣûĶҲ˸⡣
Ŵû뵽ôڷʲô׬ǮڵһȻǿ϶ˡ
ΪһŴҲ֮涼һ⣬ǾȱʣҪŪ⣬û·С
Ͳһģò˸Ҳⶡܵ˵͵ȡģ״Ŀꡣ
죬Ŵȥ˼߲ͷһӵ龫ǵȣűű¨ؼȥˡ
صʱԾڴڵӶ紵ˣǲô壬Ӷӡ
ȿŴ󷼴Ӵ߻ӽ¶Ц
裬ˣ裬ҿˡ
裬Ҫ
Ŵ󷼿ӽһ룬˼£ļɬţϽӡ
ſڵѾͷӾҪ㣬ôݣôȰûãӦǴ椵һسǣˡ
Ŵۣæ±¨§ڻο
費ߵģԶ뿪ǣܵǴš
裡
һһң§Լĸס
Դΰ˳ǣȻ֪׵ȥ򣬵ŴѾΪΨһ
ںһŴ󷼰ѱ¨ĶҲһһ˳
ӳһ龫ԣ¶Цݡ
Ŵ󷼰ѰĲóȥҹ𻨣ù𻨰æһ·
ŴȻһֺóգڷ첹·ϣȷûôڴ𻨵ķȴõġ
ڳ緹ԺĸŮ޻ŲŹ𻨼ҵԺȥ
ŵʱ򣬹𻨼ļڶѩأæˣݡ
Ŵ󷼶Թ˵⣬ɩӣ·ĺãοɻ鷳㣬æ·
ҿɶ˵˵Ҫɶģ
Ұֵް̫ƾˣҴҰһްپԼҲһް
Уϡ
ɩǸˣʼߴˡ
ɩӼļӼ˴󱦶ҲĿġ
ɩӵСһСһС˵ģ̣ҽɻѽ
ŴֱЦ첻æɻŶֻҪæɻ
⺢⻰̾һòĵǺðɣ̣´лǵýŶ
У̼סˡ
Ŵ󷼸һץһѵǣź͹˵л
һԣ󱦸ŹɩӵĴӣСһѩˣŹ𻨵Ůһ档
ҰСԺѩϷرˣСŮϷҪľˡ
СѩãСñϷɡ
Сð
ӶСñĹ⣬СѩӷһɴͷϣãһһСñһץǰɡ
õģСѩ㣡
ţ¶ĵЦ
Ŵ󷼿źӵЦݣ룬ӻǵöӴ˲С

һԣɩһ˷һ·һ߶Ŵ󷼵󷼣֪ӵСӣȻҵˣ
Ŵԭڿź֣ʱ⻰۾ȴһµɴˡ
ɶ
ɩӵӵڶ̥µģһ˫ӣȥĴΰһдҵ
֪Ŵһ촽ɩӣ˵ҵҪɶ˼
˵СҵڵʧԺȥ˳ȥˣȢ˳ĳŮڳΣڴСǸ٣ٹҪϱؼء
Ŵ⻰һЦˡ
⹷˻֪
ðѾʧٵҵͷӣȥŮڻٹ
ɩӵӴιǲ֪ǸNɪڴﵽҫأǸ
Ŵ󷼳ĬŹɩ˵ԽĵĮˡ
ǱڣʱԼ㿷ޣѾӵ˺ż޸ˣӣͱӵŵġݡǸ˷ӹˣǹģȻû˲̨
һΣ޶úõģȴٻӣҲ֪ˣкĿ
ˣرóеģ˻øһƵģڣڻǻģ
һЩȨľѣ޽վ飬ںϢˣ
⹷˻˻ҫֻռ˵ġ




23.  23 ٹ2   Ŵ󷼵ǰ򡭡

Ŵ󷼵ǰΰ, ˫ֵ̥ҵ֣Ȣ˸ǧ¹ƳŴ, ҲΰԼ֪ˡ
ֻҵˣɵأΪŴʲô֪
, ˣ˸, ҪΪҴҫ, شˣ
Ŵԭ, Լһӵ, ޵˼¡
һ, Ŵǰִ˴һΣΰûߵľԴ, ûĸ˵غլػĲ, ߵôԶ
Ŵҿš
ΰҪϢ, һʯӵˮ, û̫, Ҳһ, ڱлѷѹ, ʵôһ, Ȼֶ, ˾ʹиĳݡ
˵þģ䲻һ䣬, ӴǼҿиأǿ϶Ҳһȥ˰ɣõݣǰһʽǻһ仰£
⻰ҭһڲ˵ˡ
ŴڹɩӼһʹӻؼȥˡ
أͲߣŴ󷼺һ䣬ӻǹԹԸĸˡ
ȻؼԺӸȭŴʼϴ·
ʱûϴ»ϴ·Ҫ£ĺӻС·ϼ¾Ͳ˻ҡ
Ŵ󷼸Ӷ£ްϴֻҪºϴһ¾ˡ
̤Ŵѩⵣȥڵˮˮ
ʵĴţһǳһŲѩʱ˫־ͱЩľߵϵˮŴ󷼰ˮͰ˦ȥһᣬͰˮ
Ů޷˱ȽϵģŴ󷼳˽ܳĳգϺͱ˲û̫ơ
ҡҡλεİˮߣ·ϣɲɣ˳űQһ
һűˮͰѹֱŴ󷼣¶ֻЦ
һӴιҵ˭ⲻŴôû˸ˮ𣿡
ŴƤЦⲻЦĵզģũҷʵζˣ
һɫһ±ˡ
һҲһ˱Ŵô࣬ȴŴ󷼺ް취
һĵʲôٵ⣬ҲһûҪĳǣʲôһȻЦһ£Сӣʹϱˣ֪ϱ˭ǿǸĳҵĹŮĳɲĳЩٵĳˣ£ŲˡˣСӣʹΰһģһʱúÿ˼ҵϱզģվӿϴΰ𣿡
Ŵ⻰ˣȻΰػźӶڣȴʸǮˣȢȥ𣿳ֻӣ˵ΰش壬ȥΪʲôػ飬զߣȥ쵼Ӧһӣզ
˵⻰һ˦ӣֱˮˡ
ԭأһŵɫˣ˺һŻع񣬵Ŵ󷼣˭˭˵Ǵΰ
ŴЦЦĵ˭˵𣿡
ޣҿû˵ԩң
ҵʱҪȥΰ˵ģ˵㻹ң
ǣ˵ģŲ˵ģ
һԭطңŴֱԶˡ
ˮؼʱŴ󷼵ѾˣˮˮףæȥĻȡů
Ѿͷ´ȥˮУˣգ
Ŵȥˮæ֣ǿɲУȱˮȥˣҪˤˣǿɶ鶼ˣģҪʵһǮˮ
ѾʮˣˮѩˤҪġ
˾ˤһˤ֮˾Ͳˡ
Ŵô˵ֻͬ
Ȱֿůһ㣬Ŵ˵һЩˮϴ²ʼ˷ϴ·
Ȱӣ˵·ϴɾſڣɫҲ㽥Ŵ󷼣ȴЪţȥ
ҪƿӱȽ϶࣬ŴŵĴһ㣬ȥһĲƿӲС
յģչӲۣӸֱӰƷӾЧֳ
ɫˣŴ󷼾ڶȥҲʿܲܶƲ
ϣŴһ
˿ˮһ飬ˮʱ򣬷нȥȣˮһ
þһ㣬ֱɫݵĻϣеñü͸Žȥųԡ
պ֥齴ɵĽϣ̾óԡ
ȻˣȻ̲ҲܶԣŴϴһЩײ˷һԡ
ʵжѿĻһã䣬ϻûѿˡ
뵽Ŵ۾һ뵽һ֮·Ǿѿ
˲֪ôѿŴ󷼻ᰡ
ѿʵûʲôѶȣˮѶţÿ컻ˮȿʼѿƵϣ˸ɾӸϣϽˮվͿԳѿ
ۿſˣѩ˰ײܲʵûиõ߲ѡʱ۵Ķѿһ
ֲصʱŴ󷼺ֵһӵĶӣŴһ£ȥˡ
֣ѡԽԽ䣬ﶼǰײܲǡֵףһﶼһЩǮʱ򣬿϶һЩ߲ˣʱһЩѿȥ϶ܹһļǮ֣ǼҵĶӶȥѿֶӣһЩӣ㿴𣿡
Ѿͷģ㿴Űˡ
õ׼Ŵ󷼱⣬ѿҲճ̡
ڶԾɷѩӣŴһĿڳ꣬Ŵӭŷѩͳˡ
ҲϣŴţϵϣſڡ
ٽأҶһʷĽ𣬹һ꣬Ŵڴſѯһ£ԷһʱᣬûʱСԷȴһԭͷ˹ӴţͷǵһӣҲһֱ˿档
Ŵ⻰ϲɴϲ
Ųĸȥⷿ˿ЩͷĹǡҪĹӣһŴȫҪˡ
ڽ˶ԺŴøϳĴүæӣǮѹȫ˼
ӣװĹҲˡ
ʳҪľˣŴЩӶ˰׾ȷŰѳƵװ
һΣŴæµһ죬ֱӷװʮ޵
˰ʱŴѿ飬ðŷѩȥҸֿӻ
ֻҲҲæһӣȿӽᣬʼ֯ӣŴʼݶӡ
Ŵæʱ򣬹ɩӸպôżŴ󷼼Ŵ·
Ŵæ˹ɩһԪǮĹǮǮݹȥɩҪգŴֻܰǮջˡ
Ŵ󷼸˶˰ʣùɩڻһԿԾһˮݶӡ
ɩ̲ס󷼣ڸɶ
Ŵ󷼵ɩӣѿȥ
ɩӰԼ٣Ŵ󷼲ɩѿķӡ
ɩӾȵĵѿȥ
ǰⲻˣﲻǰײܲûһʲˣϹһ£ҲûжѿһЩѿȥ϶ġ
ɩӳɵĵ󷼣ܽѿҡҲһЩ׬һ强Ǯ
ףɩӵɷȻ׬Ǯ벹ңɷ׬ǮȥˣңΪһŮˣԼǮǿ϶ʲôʲôÿɫ
Ŵȫ飬ɩӵѿǴ̻ɩӣ˼ҹؼʱܰԼһЩġ
͵ʲôԵģҽ̸ɩԺ󣬻ɩӱܲźãҪ̫һѿĶˣֻ²
ǿ϶ģûҲ߱ˡ
˹⻰Ŵ󷼵Ϳʼ̹ɩѿˡ
ɩӵѿķӣҲû鿾ˣӣҲҴһؼȥѿˡ
ˮݣҹŲ¶ȱȽϸߣѿñȽϿ죬Ҳ죬ѿˡ
Ŵ󷼿Űڷ۵Ķѿüˣǡõڶոϳڶվȥѿ
ɩǺŴͬһĶѿչ˵úܾģѿҲ÷ǳۣŴ󷼵Ķѿ˲٣ˣҲǳ֪ˡ
˸ϼһ죬˶˴𣬰Ѷѿװãᵽţϡ
Ŵ󷼳˶ѿ⻹ʮӵͣȽ϶࣬һŮ˿ôණʵڲףҲô˹ɩһѿɩӵҵҲһˣţϵʱҵܰŷ𣬵ӣҵܰŰ𣬵ǰ󷼲ٵæ
ҵæŴ󷼴Ծɳˮ೧ȥ
˸ոһŮ˳Ŵ˹
Ů˾ϴŴѬŮˣŮ˿ŴԺ˵ϲŮ˵Ӵιﰡˡ
㣬ôˣ
Ů˵ǸǸѬ⣬ʵ̫óˣҼ˿ڶ࣬һųԣֻ죬ӵȫˣ¿ɺãҺҼͷӣҹҪԣɰˡ
ŴʧЦ㣬Բסˣոհá
û£û£ζƿ
ŮڳĶӶϱŮһ¾ʮӣһë塣
֪ûѬԺŮʧһ£ڿ۵Ķѿ۾ɴˣһһӡ
Ůߵʱ򣬶Ŵ󷼵ﰡոҸУסǰһľҼң´ΰҪûǵҼŰҿ϶ġ
գ
Ŵû뵽ҵһ̶ͻǿ֮ϲˡ
ȸ뿪ԺΧ˿۵Ķѿһ¾Χ˹
Ŵ󷼺͹ɩӶĶѿǱһˡ
ѿΪʲˣһݣŴ󷼶ëһǾ˿ûмʹ˵顣
Ŵ󷼺͹ɩˣһ˴ʮﶹѿһ˴ʮﶹѿСʱһ⡣
ʵϣŴ֮Զë飬ǸֵĽۿռģ˼Ҷۡ
ǶѿŴ󷼾˿ʮԪǮһͨ˸һµĹǮˡ
һԣɩҲʮԪǮⶼͨ˲Բȸһµ֮ˡ
Ҳ˹ɩӼ֮һĴˡ
˶һ׬ôǮľϲ
˶˲öֻ֣ĺһǣһ⣬ϲ̵Ļؼȥˡ
ÿҲֻУϲһĸģŴ󷼼ﲻȱ⣬ȱ˶ʮ˱¨ĸˣÿÿ϶պһӡ
ö˼Ҵһؼȥˡ
ڻؼȥʲôǻ˵ȻѿǮˡ
ѿҪ죬Ŵ󷼼ﻹһЩѿԳۣԣʹڶ첻ǸϼգŴ󷼻ǴŶѿȥϡ
ոˮ೧һ˽ס
ѿģ
Ŵ󷼿ôˣ
˵жٶѿȫҪˡ

ʳ쵼հҰξУҪѿ࣬Ժÿ죬ԸʳͶѿһʮ
ǴͻˣȶģŴȻӦ
ƷŴԺ󣬰ΰŴ󷼵ȫˡ
ŴǼˣһƿëǰζԥġ
ȱǮͷﶼȱ⣬ˣҲ˸ͣ˼·Ū⡣
ԣӵ˻Ǯԥġ
ʾŴȥϵҽԺվȣѯһ飬ѿһȥٽﶹѿ
վʱһ˾Ŵ󷼴ѿҪ̶ӦĻҴЩѿȥһ£ÿһһγ̶ܹȥҡ
˾䣬̾ʶˣŴӦ
ȻصͿʼնӡ
һëһһüĶѿˡ
Ŵȥ˲ٵӻؼңæ֯ѿһҪǰʱڣݺݵĸ׬һʡ
һȥسˡ
һӵģйɩӼɩҲ˲٣ζ˶ʮĶѿ
ԺŴȥͻǻ˾˷ǳϲϢÿһγȻҲҪٽĶѿ
ֻӣ١
Ŵ󷼵飬Խˡ
ͬʱŴ󷼵ҲһЩ˾棬ŴƵıơŴԼԼƷơ
룬ʽԣȥӡˢƷƵıʶӡˢãÿһƿϱơ
ǰŴΪϲǣǻ˾γԺҵŴ󷼣ԸԪǮŴ󷼵Ķѿ䷽
Ŵ󷼺ɣһǧԪ
ⲻУ̫ˡ
˻̶һѿЩѿˣһζڿǶ⣬һЩѿȫˡ
˾һ̳ӣӦ
ŴҲҪģԳŵѿ䷽й¶ϵ⣬Ծ͹ɩӵģ˾Ķѿֻس
سǵȻǴͷ
˾Ӧ

ǰ죬ŴһˣѿԼ䷽һ𣬾ҲСǧֽˡ
Ըڷ۱˵سˡ
ھ껹ʱŴ󷼵ǰΰСγһλʱֵŮӣҴ塣
Сγһڴô˶ɴ۾ʹϺĶ죬ҲһȺ˳Χųҿ
ڳƤ׾ŮӿһĻ˵Ĵˣıһ̲סһԵΰԹ
Щ˶ΧųӿʲôУѵܿһ仨𣿱ǵĳӸŪģ˵˶ʭӣҪǰЩ洫ӣҵҿʣ
ŮӵСչȥֵȺӣһˣ仰һװס




24.  24 ٹ3   ġ

ֽܷ, Ůѩѩ
ѩѩܳĶŮܼ£ѩѩС۹Ƶ, ǧ谮һ
磬Ҫǵܳ⣬ѩѩôҲġ
, ĵطǾǰ಻ĵط
̤, Ьӡ
ڳ, ѩѩһͨԹ, ˿ûиΰһ, , һˣҿ˵Ŀ⡣
ǰֵĳºӵϱЦһ, Ӵι, Ȼ, ͱµ˰, ɱЬˡ
⻰һ˵, ѩѩɫɱýӲ, ѩѩݺݵĵ, ƨ£ֲҵģ
ѵҵģ
ѩѩҵƿ, ֻתͷΰ, ҵ㻹ǲǸˣͿ۸ңŲҸҰ֣
ΰ⻰, ЦݣһѩѩǳĴѧһƽϰûϹѧʲô
ѩѩȻûϹѧϵǹũѧͨܳӵĹϵϵѧڵֶ£һϾʱܶѧڶ¾˭뵽һŸ߿ѩѩȻһĹũѧʸ
ȻпѧѩѩڵǾ԰ԴѧԾӡ
ΰѩѩĴѧݣͳºӵϱѩѩˣҲ¶Ц
ߣĴѧͲһûϹѧäƽˡ
᲻ļңóºϱɫǳѿ
ʵϣһԵԭ鿴ֵĴˣʱɫܲÿ
ΰе񣬴ʱóһӣԴ˵ѩѩСڳϰߣ£°
˵Żʼץǹ
ȱʳԱѣǮǹ
ԣ֪ΰϱ˲˻ǰǹ˹ȥ
Щ˰ǹӹȥԺ󣬲ϣֻѩѩмһЦ
˽ǹԭЩжģȴǹ֣ƻһ뷢ƻаֻӣġ
ʱȫ߳ӵΰҲôһµɴ۾
󡭡ΰ
Ǵΰɣ
ΰϣӲɫһţµĵҲΰҽҵΰҶ硣
⣬ǵʧĴҵ񣬺ʹҵÿ밡ֱһģһ
ʱӺȻ˹ӿΰ͵
ְ֣ǵİְ֡
ӲǱˣŴ󷼵ĶӺŮ䣬С󱦺Ͷ
ǣ֣ԭҹɩӼҵĺˣ￪һССǺ棬׷֡
ΰڿӵʱĮȻĿȥһ̣ĮĵϴˣҲǵİְ֣ҵĺӻڳأûؼ
ΰһҲʶ㡱ģ˵Żٴ˶ˣΰҵ˫ӣֻǳѣϴҲ
󱦿ֿΰȴƭˣҰְ֣Ұְ֣أְ֣ôؼңôؼң
ΰܲͷĺһһƣ漴ݺݵĵ˵ˣҲ֣
ѩѩɫÿĵѽºӣôôҪôСľϵûʣҵҰӸߡ
ѩѩð׾һ˫۾žŹֵĺӾֻᷳ޲Ӵˣȴһ㶼ڵ£Ѻӳһһ£һ¾͸Ƶѩ
Զõ˽ϢŴ󷼣͸׼һݡ񡱡
ҴҵĸϹʱ򣬺ɲɣͿԼ䱦ĺӣ˺СһƵ˵ϡ
Ŵ󷼿ûһ߹ȥԼĺĿֱֱĿŹˣ˵ҵ
Ŵ󷼸ϹΰЩģɲǣɫ糣
һ»ģǾԿĹݣжҲմ۵İ״ϴףκεָ
ΰüͷһĵԣҾҵλ
Աʱ֣ŮѩѩŴȻòǸܸ˴ƸȨơ
ֻһͷǰŮ˿ЩǰʧҪ£Ҫ谭ǰ;
Ŵ󷼱ӣ˵ͷߡ
Ŵ뿪ΰһ
Сĵͷһ⣬ݳ֣ȥѩѩ
ѩѩµطң㰡
ѩѩ۵ָݸΰεεĵطŮˣǲҪûòϿŴҵ㳤úÿԼˡ
ŮڰŴ󷼵ȴٴδ
һ£
ʶÿһ̣ŴͰһ¾ͳŹ˺Сһȥ
!
һѵڴѩ죬ֱӽ˸͸
ΰѩѩȻ̧ͷƬ̻ѩѩҲŴ
ŮˣҴ࣬أȻҴ࡭
ΰɫ˼£ǣҪ
Ŵȴ˿һԵĹɩӵˣ峤ĶӶڡ
кüѧԵ˼Ҳڡ
ȻЩһʱˣǵ궬գֿȥԶɽԣڴ˵ѵõϵĺ¡
Ŵǰ죬ѿĻƽ˴峤ϱһŷƵ⣬ҵҺˣŴ󷼿ǰѲǱ̸ʳùӦ˴峤ϱ
峤ֵܶ࣬峤ĶҲ࣬һ׳øСţһ
Ľ£ɵӶ֪˭
ʱŴĿΰ㵽ǲΰԼҲ룬ҵλСҲ
ΰвõԤУǣŲ㣿
Ŵ󷼵ΰƨһź룬ʹ˫ֵܣѵҲһ
ΰ⻰﷢ţǰڴʱ򣬿ǺͲٴһȥӹϴģλã˶֪
ΰ˲ñģһ³ȥҪŴ󷼡
ǣӵӽ㣡
˵ŻŴ󷼳˹ȥ
Ů˵Ȼ򲻹ˣһԣɩӵˣ峤ļ˹ȥһ¾Ͱΰסˡ
峤ҵĴӣŮȻҴ͹ȥ
峤תͷ˿ΰǴҵҵ߶ôˣ㶼ȥĸ˭˽йһ̸̸
ΰ﷢飬ݺݵĵʲô£ѩѩЩ˴ֱɣȴӻ·
˳ѬѬģΰǣţٽӼҵԺӡ
⣬˿Ŵ󷼵ʱĿⶼ
ɩ̾һ󷼰˵ǴҵҲûа취֤ǴΰǰĴҵҳ
峤󷼰źȻؼȥɣ䵥۸ˡ
Ŵ촽һѹģ˵ͷźӻؼȥˡ
ˣ˽¶ۿˡ
Ǹɵӣ²ΰӣʸ֦ȥˡ
֪˻ȴûа취ô
Ϊ˭Ҳ֪ҵȥܰҵҳûҿΰĿ
ŴôһĿģҲﵽˡ
ΰռ˵ĹϵأΣ
һߣΰصӼԺ󣬸æˮѩѩϴ軻·
ѩѩһ߿һáһҲá˽ȥ
ӵɫȻÿȴѩѩһ취ûС
ӴŶϱٹ飬ŴСٸһĹûгϢ
ѯΰΰҵҵĹզˣǲǹȥϰࣿ
ΰûĵҹôףûȥãûվȽŲأǿɱˡ
ҧҧ˵ǳǮû׬ɣҺ³ԲůǮʳ
ΰûĵʲôԲůзеأֲóȥ⽻⵽˼ҼԺɶģñһ£ҪĲˣ˼ԽңҪͺ˽ʣȳεְλ裬Ͱ뷨ŪǮɣڳʵڲùǿѶˣ裬ҿ׶ӣԺҪϵģҪģȰǮҰ
⻰˵ӾͲҪǮˣֵֻ֧֧أǮ
⣬ͷȻŽѴŵʮԪǮΰ
ǡǿʮԪǮǰѼļѼ߲ˣһŴģǻϰ
ڳףǮΰ
ͷô˵ֻǮ
ֻһһ꣬ŲʮԪǮΰδйһķףȴһ׼ϵǮˡ
һ̾
ΰ˼ǮɫȻÿ˲١
ΰӷ˵֣裬ǷģҷˣԺ󰡣һϵġ
⻰˵Ŀ̱ӣҲ¶Ц
ڶȢ˳ĶŮΣԺ϶ǴϢˣԺģҲֻðֵĶˡ
ӣɫЩÿǸӵ걻ߵʱҲ꣬֡иĵطѾͲݸԣΪ˸ȫһһڳʳֻܴѺӻİ˼ңҲ֪Ƿ񻹻ţ£ӶʳģҲǺ˰ɡ
һжֵõģһӵʳһҵ׻
뵽ӻںͷ¶Ц
һԣͷ棬࿡ʵĶӣԽ¶Цݡ
ΰֵ֣λǵõһƵϢأֻҪۼҴõúãۼ벻ƶѡ
ɶϢ
˵һƬȽϽ滮޽·ʱ򣬴һƬ޽ɻվһϢɣǱռؿ϶õʵ⳥
ɶ⳥Ǯ
ΰȻʱȥʣصģۼһ취ǮˣŴ󷼺ӵǷأǼһҪõ֣ʹ򲻵أۼҲܶ
Ŵ󷼵أѾȥԼסˡ
ΰüЩõĵҲд˴ŮôڴӣѾѩѩһˣǰӣɲŰѩѩۡ
ӵˣǲˣʲô취
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Һ˼ˣǸŴִˡ
ΰɫԽˡ
ԭƻõķƼƻô¶˳ģ
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ΰ˸գ֣ƿأңȥү
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֣ˣƿƣҵȥɶӣ֣Ҫ̣ҲԹ̡
ɶҪ̣ǲУҪ̹ȥˣǲͲҵĶ𣿡
֣ɶʱˣ㻹Щɶְ˭㵱겻ȥȥ̣кüڳľѣڶȨƵˣǰͷҺˣ˼Ҵ̽úòãҪģ˼ǸλҪĶӣ˼ҿ϶ңԺ벻ﶼѡ֣𲻸ˣҪһǮȨˣ˵ȥϵһû취
⻰˵һԵͷɫӲ˵
ΰȴȥͷķ䷭˷ͰѻؼΨһһƿ׾ƣֱˡ
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ΰ˵ƭ֣תͷسǣһҲ϶ͣ




25.  25 ӵ   󡭡

ΰģصװһȦ, ȻͷĸɩӸһƴµĻȫ߲˵ִϼұʣµһֻ, ΨһһЩϸ׵ȣְѴ¹˵ƭߣתͷƨ, سֺǺǹȥˡ
һΪԼǸ, Ȼͷŷּ궼⡣
ʱ֪ӵǮСΰ, Ȼ, Ǻˡ
, Ҫ, ҰģĺӶð¡
Ŵ󷼴ӻ˾һ鲼һӵ޻, 龫, ̷, ǹ, ûҪƱ, Ǯм΢һЩ
, ٳ, ٸһ·
ǰΰһ, ׬ǮûоŴ󷼵ֵ, ԣŴһֱûǮð·⵼ô, ʵĴ඼Ǵһһ㲹·Ȼ֮ǰðһްǣҲֻôһˡ
ϲ֣ôñһױõ·
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·˹ɩģǰã󷼸ӻϡ
ӻ·ԺȻǻϲģǣչ¶ЦݵƬ̣ʲôϵЦݾͽסˡ
̲סѯʣ󱦶ϲ·𣿡
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󱦿˿Ŵ󷼵ɫ裬Ǹǰְ֣ΪʲôϲǣΪʲôǣ
Ŵ⻰ԭģʲôײһʱܵ˼㡣
ΪԼܣΪӡ
ӴС꣬ܵ꣬ȴҲԼˡ
СӵֻԼĸĸѡ
ӺӳڣΰҲϧ۰ӣҲ֪ʲôʱ˳ױˡ
ͥ˺ӳΪĸӺӶԽԽͷ
󷼿ϵίǺ޲ðݺϼ⡣
ˣȻˣӦòҪͰˣҲԺ˺
󷼶˶٣ǻְ֣ϲǣǾͿԲϲǣҲԺһϲǣǵĺðְֻ
һ˲˲Ŵ˵꣬󣬴󱦵ãΪһðְ֡
ȴͷ󷼿ʱ򣬴󱦵ȴһ
ԼƵһĻӡ˴󱦵
ԭ֮ԳΪɣҪҲӵۡ
󷼲֪ɵСһĺӣѾһĳӣ˱ӣΪѺӺˣȥȥ鿴ѿȥˡ
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˵Ҫӻ˾˵
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лѷ⻰˵ʲôأ
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룬קʲôһӵŮˣԼʹȢһδĴҲԸ⣬Ȼ㲻Ը⣬ôֺαؿ׷?
գлѷתͷߡ
лͬ־Ǯš
лѷĵģҲ㣬ǣлѷͳȥҲûջȥĵһҪ͸ңǾǽˡ
תͷ粽뿪Ӱܿʧ˷ѩ֮С
лѷصسԼҵСԺԺͺɩӰæҶ
󷼰Ҫ˵Ļ˵һлѷǮΪֺǸӡ

ô˵˵ȷԼ١
ǣĵһλѾʧˣٶ飬϶ҪԽˣΪӺãлѷȻһܺõĶ
лѷĸӣĸӵ·Ժ֮࣬ÿһҪչˡ
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ϣֻԼǮڹؼʱܹá
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ڶһ磬һӶѿѬ⣬ӣŴһˡ

ѩţʵЩڳǰů¯һһƤñӣӵԴͶ䶼ڵסٶһ°ӹʵʵģһȥ˴ڸţ
Ժĸ˸Ͻȥسǵĳӡ
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ǸõģŶɪɪˣ˺ӣһȥ¹ˡ
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׳Ҳüͷһ壬 ҸкԺţͰ˸ϳȥ
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ˣǵһȥˣҲû˵ĸƬ룬Ҳиͷ
󷼵ǲ֪뷨ֻżȻ棬ǿ϶˺Ӷһ£˺üŵƬ
˵ĶգֺӵĵƬӲŵƬӺ˵ĺգӵĺգȻˣȫҸ϶ٲ˵ġ

˽Ĺ԰Ĺ㳡ԼȡƬʱ䣬һȥĹ԰һԵĽֵй䡣
ֵϵСӣʱѾ˼ӣ͵͵İС̯֮ˣŴ󷼴Ŵ˺ӣֱӹȥѯһ£ֻҪëһ룬һµ롣
˺ӹԺҲòˣһ˱߸˳ۡ
ȳӣһ͵͵ñӣ׻֮ģŴ󷼸ӣˣһñӣ˵ɣñӵıʶȻϵһñĲƷ
ڹ磬ҪƱ򵽣ȹÿñӶһë˳ñӡ
ٻ̵Ļȫ·Ьֳ࣬ʳ⣬гкڰ׵ӻ
ӿǺڰ׵ӻ۾ɴˣˣҲССĺӰȲѡ
󱦵裬ɶ
󷼵ǵӻ
ۣ
ҲǮȫӻ˺Ӿ̾ģ˷ӣܲŪһŵӻƱһ̨ӻ
ڰٻ̵깺󷼼еƱݶˣա




26.  26    򷿲ס

򷿲, ˼ҶԼҾסҪôҪôŵλ, ڳ߰˿֮ңҲֻһʮƽ׵С, ˶򷿣ԼҾס, ô
ʱҪҺͬˡ
Щÿ, ȥ֮ĵطǲ, 濴ûй, ЩϢҲͨġ
, ȥȥ©һ㡣
ûͨͨҪһŰ, ʱסķ, ǻġ
ںͬ˹, ܿͷ˲ٵĻ档
סǰԺӺͬ, зݶʮƽ, ֵǰ̨, ɽ·䡣
ࡣ
󷼻ûҵ, ӵǽ, Ϳ˲ճĻС档
ȵ˲ѯ, Ҳֻаæˡ
˵, ҪˣҲû֤
⻰ǳˣϾһŰ㣬ҲһʱˣʵûбҪڹû֤ķӡ
˿ĳɣֻҪһǧԪϱ·ǱߣԿģλϱ·ֵ˵λĸͲ¥ϱ·ϵķӣʪˣһֱ˻ǵطͦԱ߻һ򣬾ʱʱ꣬ˮʱСҲҪûô죬ǵضһֱˣǷӻСԺأ˵һϴĶլӣǰǹϽ֡
ⷬһȤ
ϱ·һĵأǿǽԺǮҲ򵽵ġ
һ
ԺǵضǷǣǮҲ򲻵ء
û⣿꣬ӵͻʱӵͨһͲٱûˡ
󷼾͵ľͬ־һȥһӣ
˼ȤҲͦģʹż˳Źվ߹ȥ
˰Сʱ˳ϱ·ƵĽڲԶٽһɫСǰ
СǹŽһʯͷ޽Ʒ
Ƚ˹Ϸǳ֡
С˵ģ˿ɴģģҲ黨Ǻ«ǹ
ľӴϼأɡ
м䣬󷼸һǺ«һ⴮һ˺ܿ۵ӡ
ǹɫͭţ˴ţü߽ȥ
ľҵүˣҽԺأ֪ŮҲǮĶ־ԼΨһжӦ̳зǰͲðѷӸϽˣǮ
ڲ֤ĻǷô֤Լģ
ֻд飬˫ǩֻӡ
󷼺˵ʱ䣬Ҳ߽һլӡ
լӵһݣԼʮƽףһС淿ȴӣͿһԺԺǶ᷿ȣԺм仹һھ
Ժӵĺ棬һ¥
ľƵ¥ߵ¥ϣԿԶĽ棬ԼߵĴ󴬡
Ժֲһһҩޣһʯͷ˼СֲСеȡ
һԺӾϲǰӦǺܰӵģʰرϸ
ʱһǧԪϱ·ױ͵Ժӣǵȷ㡣
ٹʮַ꣬ϡȱԴˡ
󷼼ôɣѷ
ѯĽԺģ󷼱ȥϵҵˡ
򷿣Ͳ˵ˣ˫̸ܿ
һʮˣҧһǧԪųۣգ󷼵Ľ£һǧԪɽ
˫д飬ǩ֣ӡȥ丸ӡȥֵ£Ǽ
ȰǮ˷дһվݣⷿӾͳ׹ˡ
󷼰еվ鶼պã͵԰Ȩֱ֤ȥȨ֤
Ǯ˸߰˰ˣһĿڰٻ̵һһϲ·ͻؼҹˡ
󷼵Ĺ󷼴Ŷ׳Ľţȥñϵ
ڶһ磬һĿڸ߸ˣŴСؼҹȥˡ
ߵůһ㣬Ȼգ滹û˻صСѩµԽĺˡ
ϵĹӪ˷żȥñĳ
żԺ󣬵ǶԽĿˣñʳöǳ֧ϾˣͰȥͬ־鷳ñң˳ϰ࣬ʱڣʳõãУ
ȻǺõġ
պҲ꣬ʹӦ
ȥţˣΪѩ̫󣬴ţûϣ󷼷ôؼҵʱʱи˿һ˹ͬ־ҪشҪҪӴһ̣
̧ͷһ¿лѷ
лѷһˣ棬СкСŮԼһŮˡ
Ů˳಻Щ죬￴ƵģֻһۣҲûж롣
ͷѩ׷ɣ㲻ΪԼҲҪΪ˺ӡ
󷼼ûпǶ٣ʹӦ
ԭлѷͬ־̫лˣһ˳ǮҰǮ㡣
лѷӰһ£ҲûȴҲС
лѷͣã󷼺ӣֱ
󷼴ϵļʱϵҲڴ󷼡
ϵĸӶݣɫЩ԰ףӵ·£Ǻڲģһûϴһ
СкϸǸèһ۵ϣһѵıͱӣǱҲǺܾûϴ϶Ǳǡ
кźʹ󱦶󣬲˵ʱ׵ģҪҧһڵһ
ٿһԵŮŮ˵ʱ򣬳˾裬󷼵ʱŴôơ
ףлѷĸˡ
󷼴˺ãʼ
󷼵ˣӽ§˻Լӵסѩ
Ĵ棬ֻ¶˫۾Ե÷Ļɰ
Щģĸ׵Ļʱ򣬷İģ裬ѽ
󱦵ҵˣ裡
󷼱Ӷ̲ס¶Ц
Զлѷĸӿ󷼺ͺӵĻﶼĽɫ
лѷĸ̲סһԵŮ˿ȥ
лѷӶŮ˵
˵Żָָ󷼵ķ
Ů⻰˿󷼵ķ̲סƲƲͣвǱһҵ·ѵҲ䣿
ӱŮһı̼ϵ֮ɫһһСкһ˹ȥֱŮ˵Ĵ죬һ죬һߵҰָҵĺ裬Ұֿ˵ˣҾ죬Ҿ죬Ҳһԣ
Ůܲܺһ˫һԼ·죬һһ¾ͰѺһƵȥҲֿ죬һ°ƳȥĺˣȻӾͱƳˡ
֣֣ңңأ֣
ѩһͣлѷӼʻĿһԵŮˡ
Ů˼·ģҵ£
۸ܵܣѵܴܵӳȥˤܵܣ
һԣŮһŮһָŮˡ
ŮҲһ࣬ݺݵĵ⼸ûĹӣƾʲôָңһδŮƾʲôǵ裿أǶ۸ңǶһ۸ң
󷼱һ㳵뾹˼ҵļҳһʱ÷κ޲ҡ
лѷĿ˿Ůӣֿ˿ӣݺݵĵ˶ãĸүүţ㣬ܷңߣԶԶģ׼˴ˣȻӴˡ
˵ŻƤݺݵһԵĴΡ
ĸӺŮ˱ŵʶˡ
һԣлѷٴϳǰ
һεĳͻһ°ֻлѷĸӣʱʱһһԵŮˣǲǶݺݵĵŴ󱦶
ȻлѷĶ￿һģͰ͵үү䣡
æѺһ±Сӣүү㵲磡
Сӱ˻˼ҵչ˺ҲӦõġ
⺢Ӷ˻һ˫һֱ֣˵ĴȴŴ󱦶졣
󱦶ƲƲ죬ܺӡ
лѷһӼ״ҲͬĶ˻ꡣ
ǸĵģҲӱ§ýģӶǹСһһ
СǱˣǣɵĳ
Ů۰Ͱ͵Ŀһ£ֱۡ
ҡͷӶͳǣŮһһ
лл̣
ŮĿһۣҲǿ˶Сӵ⣬ŮҲǹ˹ȥֽǹ
ԺŮ󷼾׽˲٣ʲôŮһһң󷼣󷼵̣Ҫǵͺˣϲˣҵһ
һ˵Żһ߹۾ɲԶŮӣһһǵĿ󷼣ĸŮƵġ
󷼱ǰŮĻÿЦá
ŮǹİŮʾãԴҲԶлѷĶء
лѷҶԤϵģû뵽ô죬Ͱ˽ţҪסһˣ

ԶŮȻСŮΪˣɱɫĵһۡ
ͷۣ֮֡
ڳҡҡλΣڵ˴һæź³
˼Һӷ£лѷ䣬ӿⲻסҪǵȺһ龫ߣ
龫۾һ
һԵŮȻԸ⣬лѷϽˣϽؼϢˡ
лѷ˴±󷼼·̵ĵżʲô䣬ǺһȵҲã
˵Ż³æᶫ
лѷļӶرƤʵֱӴȥ󷼾ߡ
գʹŮ˲Ը⣬Ǹһ󷼼
ȰѼĴŴ򿪣Ȼţ󷼳ŵʱ򣬰Կ׸˹ɩӣտһ¼ĶѿǹɩӰæյ
˽ӣһůˡ
ڵպŵˮ裬һëˮϴȥһԵˮƿﵹˮ˳龫
֮ǰлѷĲ٣лһ˼ҲӦõġ
Ȱ龫ãӶ˵ں
Ů˶龫ҲںţȺ꣬Ů˿ŲԶĴӣ۾᲻ƿ
ֻõ𣿻ȵĻУ
һ룡
ˣ
ǰ˵ģȻŮˣлѷ
գлѷһ֣ӣл˰ˡ
ι
ĸСѧ֣һȥ
Ⱥˣһ
лѷĸӣ˾棬ụ̀ܽҿûȥ˼ҵĺ衣
ʱ˶òнܸɻ˸ʱ򣬶µģ˵ĸνġ
һУһ֮䣬˭֪һվͱˣ
󷼣Ը⻨ʱǮͶԼȥͬԺ󣬾ͷԼһС
Ȼȵˣˣˣ˭֪ʲôĹ⾰
ûоסˣȻҪʰһ£ǸڿŮӣǿʼɨ֮ĸɻ
ȿ˿һԵĶѿֶչ˵üã󷼷ʼʰ׼ˡ
ȻҪˣûҵģĸǣһֱûϢݣ꣬ע˹ɡ
ûңݰ
һ£󷼵֣ϹˣۼʲôҪ߶𣿡
⻰һ£ߣҰȥ磬ҰߵɢˣЩ궯ңû磬иֵܣҺˣ㺰˹ڶҲʮˣȥһ¡
󷼵Ǻð֣ǵȴһǾȥһ£˹ǴԶ𣿡
ҲԶɽǱߵĴӣǵǰ꣬˹ң˵ȥʱȽŲˣҲˣȽҲ㣬ûȥ
֣ҪżҪȥ˽ӹһˡʮˣպһꡣ
ĺܵԼĶˣԣʹӦ
Ѿͷһ˺ˣǮͷţ
С
˵ˡ
ϣ󷼰ѴĸǹҲ˴峤͹Ӽһݡ
յǺܸˣ˴֮ĹϵҲԽˡ
Ҳһǹȥ˸ϳͷͷǹǴӦ
˵˼񣬰˼һˣ˼һǮġ
ǵڶһ磬һӸ㣬һǹɽǱߵĴӸ˹ȥ

ţڷѩʱ·ҲЩɪˣţɽԱߵĽɽ塣
˵̽ɽ壬ʵƶ񤵽˼£һ߽ӣ洦ɼǲɪĴˡ
ȥ·ܿҵ˶˹ļ
ո˹ʹһ




27.  27    ˹ӣ

˹, ǽ߷棬éݺľķ, éݺľķݲι̣˶ջ꼾סŵġ
꼾ʱ, ꣬ˮܴܽ, 涼ûˮ, סֻܴҹҲ, ˼й, ˮ, ˮ̫һһ裬ˮȫ
ѩסԽ, ˷Х, ѩ, ֳʪ, һȺûС
, ǴһԵéݷġ
һŮһ񶾵á, ϲĻһѵ, ͸, Ըƨʳ, ̷ףҪҰⷹ˸ԣӾͱˡ
һ˿һ, ɳףҲԷұš
̷ŵŵ̾Ϣһȥʳ仨ôҰֳԿڷ
ҪԳʺܸɻʱһֱ϶һңˣƾɶ̺ϲģûʳˣҶһƾɶ͸⣿϶ҪͰ˸ӻȥ
̷ͷۣ϶ﺢӶ࣬Ͷˣֱӹȥɶɶ
ʺҲǼҵ飬ƾɶ˾ܣƾɶƾɶƾɶҵĺӶöʣһƤˣҵĺӶûóԣûóԡ
ʹѹֵ⣬Щӡ
û뵽˹ĴôĲá
ٳɣš
̷𣿡
ţһֹݵֻʣһǼӵŮ˳
˿źްµ󷼣Ů˵˭
󷼵Ǵɣҽ󷼣ϵŮҰȽŲ㣬˹㣬ٽӶ˹ȥҴꡣ
ԱŮ仨ڼЦݡ
ӴԭǱˣֶŮӡ
󷼸仨߽ӣһСıɺǹҶ˹أðɣҰȥ˹ģҲˣѩ·ߣû
̷׵ȥҰֳ
һԵĲ仨̷׵ļӶ˳⼸ӶƼݣֻһ£ɪɪڿıɺǹԺ󣬺۾ɵɴˡ
Ȼһӵӹü
ｻͨ㣬ƶ񤣬Ҵ壬Ĵ˵ӹֲ˲١
һԵéݣɪģһ̷ܴܵ׵Ĳ˳
˹̷ɣĸȥ磬˹ʱǸľ׬ǮԺûٲҲһֱ˵Եʡ
˹Ѿ˶ʱ߳ڿԺȻǳļ
˹ӣɶְ
󷼵˹ҽ󷼣ҵĻףҰ
ããã˹˵ҪԼһӷ׸ңʱæẈ̂ˣҲɸңڰҲкˣͦãͦã
Ҳһ£촽ҲЩףҲ󷼳ŵʱһޱѩȻس̵ʱ򣬵ǿޱڵѩ
󷼵˹ҰֿˣȥģǾͳɣȥܸ
˹⻰ȴЩɣһˣĲ鷳ˣ˭ҵʳ
ǣʵ̫ˣøû֮
󷼲˳ɣҺҰպһ͵ȥˣһӣֻĽأ˵ζһڡ
ããȥȥ
˵Ľӣ˾;ȥȥˡ
ˣһһ棬ҪģȻ⣬ǿϲȱʳġ
һԣ仨ȥ˷䣬˵˳ԼҵؽѸװһӵĢǾȡ
仨Щ˼ֶŮЩһЩɽӣҲֵǮȥζһ£ֵ治ҿ̱һˣǼżҶûضʳȥҡû취ԼҲǳԵ
仨ĻּɻǶЩĹۡ
ǰŮ˽ԼʹҲһζȡ˻
ͬʱڸ˳ҲڣԼҲֻûȥŮֻżʡʳð
ֻҪ˾ͺˣɽֲﳤҰˡ
󷼵ͷҶġ
˿һԽվŵļƼݵģĺӣ촽û˵ʲô
ͷ̷һţ󷼰Ѻޱ˹סˣ̷ȥԼƤӹһӵˮ˺һһӡ
ڷѩĺХڴ˳Ҵȥ
Զˣ̷̾һ󷼵󷼰ִ仨Űңʵִ仨ԼҲҲס

һУΪ̫Եʡ
һӣСӼ˺Ӽ˺һӶһ죬СӼѣһЩˣһ£סºСӼˣӼˣϱԹʳҲʡģ뵽ʳûˣ˴͵͵ʳʳ̲סƿڴ
̲סڳϸϱ仨粵Ժ̲ס˵̾Ϣ
ʵϣûˣӶҾ£費ʳ˾ʹԼʳȥˡ
󷼲֪˵Ĵ㣬ʵϣˣգ˵ȷֻ·һ
ѩ˹źޱѰ
ȵҴ壬ͣԺſڣһȣѲ֪ſڿ˶Ρ
ñӣʵʵĺӿĸ׻ˣ̲סɱ
æӽ§뵽˻
󱦶ûиүүúôȭ
аа裬
裬
̲סһӵС
ӷѩӭ̷ɣ̲סۿʪˣˣôôȱԵģôң
֪⣡ҼҶףܶ㣿
̷ɵֻʮ꣬ĸ̷ɵĳ㣬̷ɴʮ꣬ʱ̷˾ˣһ˾һ档
ĸȥľ̷ɵ˸һĴڡ
󷼷Ŷ˹ӣˮ󷼸ȳһ龫ˡ
˵ϰӣⲢ˵Ŀջǰ˲ٵϺץһЩϺһϺڵĽӡ
ڵ˶ûʲôˮϺڣٰһײڡ
ͷ˴æһѩҲ󷼺³Խˡ
һ˵ǰڣһ¾֮С




28.  28 ޵ҹ   ѩ

ѩ, ڣѱڲԱߵľ, 󷼺棬棬æòֺ
ߦƤʱ, ˶ϰæߦƤˣ󷼱ȥһԵڡ
Ϻ, ζ󷼵Ƶһ㶼û, ʣµ, ֻľԼϺʵ
ײ, 󷼶һЩ, ʱˮ㣬ԷǳȰ
ϵƺãΧ԰ӣ̨һ
ԽӺ, Ķպһ, Ǿһܡ
һһ̵Ľӱ, ָ˶һ, ˱㿪ʼԷˡ
˹ǺܾûгԱ, , ǳӽ, ֺĺ
˳Ա, ڻһԿ
ͷ̲ס̾, Ӵιǹˣĺ, иˣѾͷգǹӪĴȲϡ
ϺڵĽӣһӶζײϵĽӣһҧȥǳнͷȴʺ˵ڣôԶζ
󷼸ͷǮʱͷ˵ʲôҲҪպùﻹʣ¼ӣװãͷȥ˳ʡ
ͷߺͶ˹Ծ˵Ļ
ϣ˴ҹ˯
ڶһ磬ˡ
ٹһվʮˣڴһֵߺ
󱦶һ𴲣վſһ¿˴峤Ĵ
ۣҪɱˣ
̲סܳȥɱȥˡ
Ӵ峤ҵַ׳²ٽ
Ͷ˹Ҳ̲סȥɱȥˡ
峤ɱԺ󣬱꣬峤ϱʱ󷼣󷼣һˣ˹һԷ
ã
ѿ׬ǮǴŴ峤ϱģڴ峤ϱ˭ûмȡ
ɱ꣬ϵõ˼Ҷһ꣬е˼Ҳȥæ
󷼾ʹһΧȹȥ峤æˡ
󷼹æ峤ϱˣһֵĺóգϯÿ϶ˡ
ʱɱԺһѪ˽
峤ϱһѪѪһѪˡ
ѪҪĺãҲһݺòˣϲ꣬峤ϱյѪֲΣͰѪ񽻸󷼡
˵ȻǸС⡣
峤ϱݲһѺ֣ץһЩݽ֮࣬˴⣬˽˿һѪһѪ
ڴ峤ſڵİӣ峤һӣһʱһڴһˮëëġ
ͷɱڴ峤ҵļСӰѴ̧ʱͷˮëë
峤ҵİ㣬ΧȺ
С俴üһȺӸŴ˷ۡ
ۣ÷ʰöⰡ
ëθɾֱ̧ڴ峤һľϣɱʼˡ
СĵĻڣ̣ɱ˼һ㶼ẰɱһЩ߽ϸС˵ųԡ
ԵǼõģҲɰ峤˿̽ͷ̽Եĺӣӵ󱦶벻Ⱑ
룬밡
峤ҪҰɻҿɻɻˡ
ʵͰͻش⣬ȴ˵峤ɻ
峤Ĵ󱦺ȵĶϲﺢӶ࣬Ƕ࣬Ժôĺӡ
峤ǰæɻͷȥųԡ
ͷݸӡ
󱦽ӹʱǵһԵһȺӵɴ۾һĽ
УһļĽ
ԴΰǮԺ󣬰ԽԽӽĹ꣬Ӽ˵˼ЩɹǹʲôĹˣǼˣͶ᲻÷żΣԵҲѳԵĸ֮࣬ÿճûˮɤӵĴҲܲˣͯˡ
ԣ峤ɱ⼸ܹˣ۾᲻ƿһ¡
ʱ峤Ȼ˴󱦶۾ֱˡ
󸻵峤ҲҪ⣬⣬⣡
峤û˵峤ϱһĹץһצӣһ¡
ҰСӣҪؼүүȥˣǵ˴󳧳ŮСС壬СˣûǮ⣿ȥȥɱôũԣǼҽɽɽɳԲꡣ
ڵ˭ҶòףҴضξط֣ǱȽϸԣĴˡ
ҲҳӳԷԣԼҵĺ⣬ƾɶһԼ˼ҵĺӳԣ
⼸ڼʱ򣬿û۸󱦶ʱԴ峤ϱȴһ仰ҲҶ˵ֻܻ˵һԡ
ʱ峤Ｘϵõ˼ҵСһӸһСŴһȺС߿
Сɢʱ򣬴峤ϱӣķ⣬ݸ˶
Цһ˫۾۾峺Ͼллӣÿˡ
峤ϱЦҺ裬˭ÿѽ
СѾͷףֱӵӺһÿأǴŮ
˵껰磬һһˡ
ɩӵĺҲֵһС⣬󱦶õô⣬Ľˡ
󱦺ܴ󷽣ֵһѧļСһֵܣߣҽˡ
ѧأ˫ŵŽż⣬Ű˼סˡ
ҲСѩ֣Сѩ㣬һɡ
ѽ
СŮ֣˲С顣
СŻۻԺ󣬴Щ⣬ô
ѧһЩɱæ֪ôȥץһЩͿĨ棬ջţܳˡ
УֵܣһԵ㡣
ѧܿӼץһͿĨּһԵĸɲһԻѵȼ
һԺĵĴѣ󱦶һǩӰ⴮ٷڻϿǵβܶͿĨ
֪֪ˣ
Ӹò𣬻ȼڻţʱ֬˻Χıҵĺӣĺӣʶʿˮ
⿾òˣ󱦰ù˲죬ֱӾҧһڡ
ۣడ
磬զҳ⣿
ãǸȳζأɱ谡
˵ŻС˺һݸС
Сһ̽ȥҰţ̾Ϣ
ó԰ҳԹóԵˡ磬ϲɱ
һԣ󱦵ġֵܡѧѾˣֵܣأҵأ
ôġֵܡأҲ˺һѧţ۰Ͱ͵һȺӣ˺һСѩǱĺӣֻ˺һС顣
󣬴еĺӶ˺ˣһĺӣһû⡣
󸻶ݺݵĵ󱦣ԣȻ㣡
󱦺Цһתһ£⣿
󸻼Ϊ󱦺ˣȻ⣬ҡ
˺һ󸻸ǰζһ£תͷȴ󣬵𣿡
вģͷԣԣ⣡죬ҳ⡣
ֻôһС˭԰
ңҳԣ󸻿ˮеĶŴ󱦴š
æңңҳԣ
Ұһ£
ǿ֡
󱦹ֵ÷ǳ⣬һռһ룬һ⣬춼
󸻺ȻԸˣҪ⡣
󱦱ҰѴҧһڣǷ־ɡ
аɡ
һҧȥһ˲٣ֲˣǴ󱦶һߣҧһ顣
Σȴֻʣָ׸ǴСʱ򣬴󱦵ֻôһˣ÷ְһܰɣ˭Ӯˣ˭ġ
һܣһܡ
󸻺󼸺ûκγɣ˶Է
ֵܻץͷ⣬ֵ˸ףȴ˺ð죬һ㣬ֵܳ׸ѩ
ʱ󸻵ĵҰɣҴӮˡ
תͷʹһȺС飬֪ܵȥˡ
ٿȥһԣ˵һŹӣպþ׷˹
ܼ⣬Ǿ֪ˣǴɡ

ܺӱһžӣˡ
Ժҵ󱦵ʱ򣬴ͳ˶ͱĺӵĿ⣬ֺͱĺһǹϷѾڴ峤ö˶ģ͵ųˡ
Ǳصɫ˼ǳɱ磬ʵʳٶ˳
󸻺˼ϾϯŴ峤һͷ⣬ʶһ£˲Ҵ󱦵鷳ڿһпԺ󣬾ֱȥ
ԶԭӵһԼ˼ϯţһתҲܺˣֱӻؼȥˡ
ʹ첻ϯĶѳһٴ⣬Ҳ϶ҲǺġ
û飿
б˲ռ˵һôࣿ
ϧһעգԺ󣬴峤ϱֱ˼䣬Ӿͻˡ
Ȼصӿɲɣֱǵ̣̣裬Ƕȥ峤ˣأҲҪԣҲҪԡ
ԳԳԣ֪ԣʺҪ𣿰Ӵιҵզôడģһ꣬һⶼûУ˶һȣأҵզôడ
Ӻͷһһס
ƨӺúڼţҲȥ
ͷˡ
˭ԴأûǮȥ񰡣ûǮȥ鰡
լӵӣȵĻ趼᲻ʳҲʣһ˶ѡ
һͷûһͷֻű˼֣Ǹɿţű˼ҵζˡ
ȴģŵƾʲôǶܳ⣿أƾʲôǶñǺã̲˵ǷֳȥǾͻԽԽڴȥ𣿡
һһ뵽ԽԽãи̼ţڹӣϵ󷼶Ȳˣôģ
һӣ׷żŮ޶
УѾǱøģɥǣǣúõӣûˣ㣡
裬Ҳɥǣ裬
һԼӣȴΰӵأֻҹֻѾһٶһߴһ˵ŻָɣĻ
ͷ⻰òǿԼĴҲԹ˱һҲҿˡ
ǽ죬Ӽﶼᴫӣָɣ
һڴӼڳ⣬ȳԵĶǶԲŻؼȥˡ
峤Ҫһ룬󣬺ɣ
˲ٵ㣬ȡ
ڵĻ˲ãƵð֮ãĽ𻪻⣬ڵĻ⣬ܹ˳˲Ϻü졣
ȣҲ
γ˸Ϻ󣬾Ϳʼˡ
ȰеƺãѾˡ
һ٣һ˶ԵЩζˣϵķˣ󷼾ͼһ飬˸Ϻʺͼײ˵ȡ
Ǽ򵥵飬Ҳζˣԭûʲôθڵˣ˳롣
˹Ű飬Щǣ˽¶ǵʡɴʳԡ
æˣģѾͷɱˣͶѿﶼңгġ
˹һĲͬѾͷȥñĳʦʱѡۼܳԱġ
˹⻰һ
󣬶˹ȴЩֹ
ˣôˣ
˹˵ȴɻҶӻǶϱܸɡ
Ҳ֪Ҫʴ󷼲С
󷼾͵˹Ҳ֪õȹ󣬺ͳ󣬲֪
СѾͷ˹鷳ΪѣǾˣ֣һˡ
ر󷽵ĵǿ϶ûģĸǻˣֻҪƷ⣬ȷˣҿ϶дԼˡ
˹һм˵˲ٸл󷼲ΪģΪˣҲð˺ˣοҲǿţǴ裬һĻˡ
ĻҲˡ
ڶǹӣ󷼴ϵõ˼һ꣬ڵϣȥʹ峤ңɩӼ˵ˡ
ҹ󷼴ڼʮˣúʩչһĳա
УĵƬɺȣһ˳ʱȱˮֻҪ͵ģǶǺòˡ
⼸ˣհףĢһĻع⣬һ̵ݽ˿ȡ
һزף࣬ɵ񻨣ԼҺõĿ俾һģܲ˿ݫ˿װγɻ䣬̡
ڶո󷼾𴲿ʼɻˡ
ɩӺʹ峤ϱԹ緹Ҳǰæϴջʲôġ
ûȵ磬˾̲סˮҹĲˣʵ̫ʢˡ
ЩŸĻһĲˣǼû˵Թˡ
ǳ˼ʶ
ǸζǾܲˣ֪ζǿ϶ˡ

һһĲ˰ȥ˿ȥ̲סˡۡľ̾
˹̲ס̾һʮˣûԹô߼ĲˣЩǰʹ˲ųԵĲ˰ɣ
󷼽˼ˣЩǹ͢ˣһﶼһ½顣
׼Էʱ󷼼ҵĴţ




29.  29 ֮   һҡ

, һ˶סˡ
˭
, һЩӣڼ𣿡
лѷ
󷼴ް, ԺӴ˹ȥ
ȴŴ򿪣лѷżվſڡ
лѷЩ˼, , , , 治˼㡣, ǵλʦؼȥˣʱʳ, ûԵ, ⸽, Ҿʶ, ڳԵ, ɶС
˰Լö, Ҫ, Ӧġ
, 󷼵, ݣ粻ɣҪء
һȺðŷѩ˽, ȿӵζȣ˶ɴ۾
ͬ־ʲôźƯǲ?
󷼲ʧЦȻǲˣλˡ
һˡ
Ȼ˵ĻڵЩ˿϶ǲˣôҲ˲С
˿ˣҲݵӣк¡
Ǵ󱦶ڿһ˵ʱһŵĵүүˣ˷׷ˣ
̧ͷȿݵĿˣ۾һµɴˡ
ݵҲһ£ţæˣ治˷ӡתͷлѷлѷλ˼ҺСѽһ¡
лѷæ壬λǺδɽų˷ӡ
ɶԭԭᰡ
ȷᡣ
лѷһ˵ͺã
һתлѷӣЩ˵ķǮš
󷼿лѷһۣһ£ӹǮŴŽᣬʣµǮݻȥʮԪǮ͹ˡ
лѷǮջǾˡ
û˵ʲôתͷ̨ʼɻ
꣬û׼ʳģһӼ˿ϴɾ±õķʳŴϺŹǣˣȣһĸɹϺ
ŹǣϺըһ飬ϳԺ󣬷ڲ
ѿڹף̿ڻ裬ٰѲֹţһֱ䣬ʳζҲԽԽ㡣
ȿԺ󷼰Ѳ˶˳㿪ˡ
лѷˣ˺󱦶йһ֮ԵĺδɽǸˣһԣˡ
˰мţ֪ʶӵΧм䣬γɱģ
֪ʶӣһſźɫӴ£ȴһ״״棬ëģ˿žҲЩʶ

ʱҲ󷼿˹۽ɨϾĲȣɴ۾λͬ־ǲϴνͬ־ͣλʦ
󷼾ôһѣһ˭
ǰ˽֣ǵͣǴεĿˣʱ˻һʵСѣ뵽ڴʮٴμˡ
ʱ󷼵ͷ¶Цݵͬ־ԭ㰡ã
ֿӵʳȻ鼫ãͬ־ˣ
ˡҳԵúãҾͺܸˣ
˵Żк
ͶӵζȿֿˣʱЩȲˡ
ҶҴҵӡ
ˣӱ㶼Ǽġ
һԵĴ峤ȥ˺üӡ
峤ɩӵ˵дˣ󷼵һ
Щʵ̫ˣڿǰֺȻͬ־㲻һ𣿡
æãҾ͸ҽˣһˣĵƬ˶Ƭɣ̵ʱ򣬰ڷųĵӣһɫζȫƬˬڣƬ޳е̣ȥζȣɵóųԣȲˣζˡ
һˣ̲סͬ־ȳһƬ𣿡
ʶһ¡
ƬԺ󣬷ڸְ汣¶ȣְ̿
ʱڷ棬ҪϽԲС
ЦȻԵġȳԣҸҽһ²ˡ
һһ˵Ȼ󣬴Ϳˡ
һٵҹ˶Ե㡣
̫óûУ
ûԹôóԵҹ
˶ĸ̾
Щ̾㡣
Լ׼ʳϲ⵱Ȼһ˸˵顣
ϣһ߳ʳһ飬˶ϲЦտ
δɽȻһų˾ͱȽϳĬһԣżȻ޵Ŀһ󷼣ϯϼһԲ
лѷлѷĿֱ˲٣ʱʱһۣһһࡱûж룬һԵļ˵ǿһû˵
ʹһһԵﻹ˼βˣǷϻǳԵһɶ
̫ζˣлл㣬ͬ־ղȥӪ꣬ǹӪʧ
ԱЩĵлѷͬ־㲻ڶߵֳôϵĻˣ
˵£лѷҲЩΡ
һĿĸˣרֹæ⣬δɽϼ쵼ǰ鹤
ΪͻȻԭԸһٷлѷ϶ܶԸԷˣǡֳʳôؼҹȥˣһԳԺȽ֣ûа취лѷΪ˰ѹֻܴ꣬ˣˡ
ǳԹ󷼵ϯ棬֪󷼵ĳա
һٷȻûʧ
Ϊʲô˴ȥ
ʵֳҲרŵļרŷķݡ
飬ɫͲЩѿ
ϵĹлѷɩܵĶδ飬ҴĹлѷ˴ֳǴ˵ĹֳʳãĻͿһʳøɻһ߰ļ
лѷСϰ˾뷨Ȣϱǿ϶ǻؼҸչ˼ͥģæ׬ǮҵС
ǰûйԺ󣬸һɫñӣδһݹ룬ŮҪǿ϶ûʱұ˰ɣ
Ů˵Ĺʺˡ
ҵʳõĹһƤӵ£Ӷգ츣ȫҡ
뷨ǹҲ˳ۣͰ˸ʳã˵ùȸʳõĹ˳ӣദһʱٽ顣
﹤źԺȴˡ
ÿ첻ǹ״Ǻ״һ߲⣬ͻڡ
ʱлѷֻһ뷨

ڴ˻ؼңǸ붼Ҫˡ
һǸΣͲͷƤ顣
ԣһ£Űѹʹ˻
ʵϣ󷼵ȷûʧ
ķˣǳĿɿڣǳľݺݵˢһӡ
ʱ룬Ҫ󷼼޸ͺˣŰԼļҽһܰļͥչ˵úܺá
ȻˣҲֻѡ
Ѿܾˡ
׻û顣
лѷ뵽һصϣ
лѷһ뿪Ժһˡ
ɩӺʹ峤ϱ˰æʰ꣬ܿ󷼼궼ʰú
Ͷ˹ѼĵɨɾѰʰںãһԿ
Ҫ˵˵ˣǿ϶Ǻӣ󱦶극˷ѩִŹɩӼҵĺһȥȥˡ
ǹɩӵĹҲɩںüǰһ˹ȥ꣬ʰ󷼼ȥɩӼȥˡ
ϣͶ˹ȥɩӼ꣬ڼһ⣬ֽǮˡ
󷼴źڹɩӼֳһٷȻؼҺһ˾Ϳʼˡ
󷼰Ӻ˯ԺڳʼӺӡ
ȳ˸ɹץǹץһЩӣڷ
п˻ߺӦһ¡
˵Ҫ˵ĺˣ϶Ҫ;Ҳ֮ǰ󷼾ľͷ˺üģߣЩģ߾ó
ҹѺ죬ٰѺۣ࣬ǣ̷۵ȣģߣѺɸָͼпơ
ĸСС䣬СССèСӵȡ
ȿԺͶأ˶᲻óˡ
󷼵ߴ֮£
󷼿ر࣬Ӷˣֿ裬峤͹ɩӼһһ㡣
ϣҹ賿ȥ˯
ڶһ磬󷼾Բˡ
ԲԲְ֥ڣڵȡ
⣬˼һһ
ڲϰ˼ԲԾ룬һſʼԲ
Բ󷼸Ӱõĺĸ峤͹ɩӼȥ
Ӹ߸˵ĴӦһ˶һӵĳʳȥˡ
Ժ󣬴峤͹ɩӼҲ˳ʳ
峤һըõ⣬ɩӼһӡ
һѵó̫Ҷһɹ̫ϹŵıѩʼڻԾ䣬ɹһ̫ǽΧŲˡ
˴û뵽ﾹ˿ˡ
⵱ĲǱˣȴ̷˺̷仨
˴Ųľ·һ˱һ¨ֱһĲ
󷼣˶ִܾ٣仨󷼰ûɶö͸㱳һЩһЩԼյ̿
岻ȱľ仨Ǹڿģƽû£Ϳ˲ٵĲؼңҲ˲ٵľ̿
裬ȱ̿أЩϲ
̧ͷ˿û֮ɫһ
˰ѱĲһԣ¨̿Ҳ¶˳
󷼣Щ̿
裬Щ̿ɡ
˱󷼰̿𱻱ӡ
ӣ̷׾ͿʼĴˣæ˹Ұȥתתȥˡ
˴ĵǰ޻Ͳʣ²٣˹ĵ죬͸Ÿ˷·ˡ
󷼵Ǻܺãһ·ǻģˣȥ鷳ɩ·
ĸ֮£˹ǰʹްҲźˡ
æҰֻðɣ
ˣҺأ
̷ȣ˹ڿžȣֳԱ㣬񶼱òһˡ
Ŷ˹ӣ̷˹ȻһҲ¶Ц
󷼰ѹ̶˳̷˺仨ԡ
ϹҲͺһʵˣľµĺ̲סһһ飬̧ͷû˶ǿһ
仨ζĺĺӣĺķˡ
ĺӴһЩȥǣȴ
󷼿ʱˣ̷ҵ
һ㣬˻ع⣬ݽһΣһ裬ûжˡ
ʳ棬󷼲˴׷
ʳ̷˵ǼΪζʳ
⣬⣬Ե̫ˣ̫ñֶŮƷˡ
Լˣɶ
Ҹ߸˵ĳ˷
Ŷ˹彡ӹñԼҺöˣ·һʱ˷˶󷼣м
˱ǻؼȥ
󷼲ûˣǸһӵһЩõĺ
˳һ£ǺֱӰͺˡ
仨Ǻ۾̲ס磬󷼣ǸЩҾֱˣҼ顣
裬һˣӦõġ
õ˵лżȥˡ
˺ʹȥԺ󣬼Ͷڴϲˮˣæζĺӵݹȥ̻ʣ˰ӣŻ
ȿһ棬۾ֱˡ
裬棿
Ǳ󷼸ģԺ󰡣һҪǱ㣬Ҫ˼ҵĶ飬Ǿʳ
裬֪ˡ
ôһӵʳԺʡԼãôܰҰ˳ܰȥ

˳ȥñĳ̸ʳõˡ
ñߣ̸þ岦Լÿַ˵ҪԺ󷼵ñλãֱˡ
ñ֮ǰİһ˶£ñǱ߱˶תȥˣʳԸӯԼҼڿİ
ѡҲǡѡˣǾǴ峤ϱɩӣԼ̷衣
峤ڴеλ£峤һң˵ǺбҪġ
ɩӺ󷼹ϵãûٰģڿ죬ҲǺʵİѡ
̷裬󷼿˼ӣҲ̷ԼˣڹؼʱҪЯһԼߡ
صԺ󷼱飬ԺʲôҲû˵˵ͷ˵⼸ѡ
󷼱ȥѴ峤ϱ͹ɩӺ˵˰顣
ԺвԸɻģֵЩ
ڳַ˲ٵ֪࣬Щ֪඼ûйһӼһ伸ƽףʮƽ׵ķ䣬֣Ӷù
ϵĹҲǲ˾Ĺء
ʲôȥֻҪųŹ
ݹǿǱڲ˶ǿǿÿùʵأԺżҶֱˡ
һ˷ܵĻؼȥˣȸ˵Ժһ˶ϲѣ󷼣ҲԽмˣ˵ĹϵҲԽĺˡ
ɫ̫ˣ̷֪ͨ赹ǳһ⡣
ڶһ磬̷ֱһ¨̿ˣ󷼵ݹ̷˵ˣ̷ֵЩû
̷󷼵лʱ͹ʱ󷼵һȥϵʳȥ




30.  30 ʼɵú   ˳壬

˳, ľʹŴ峤ϱɩӣ仨, ϵñʳãʼࡣ
ڹһʱ䣬ʳûЩҳ, ǰԭʳԱɾ, ʳ˲ٵ, Ǹ, ܲЩɾĶ, Ǵ˴ɨ
ƫԶС, Ǯߣ󷼸ÿÿ¿ʮԪǮĹʣԴ, ˶⡣
˰ʱʳõ, , 󷼺һߦ, һһը, ƽﶼǳԴ, 仨Ǵ᲻öԵ˼, һը, ˳Ե޵Ҹ, һ뷨󷼸ɻ̫ˡ
Ҳϰ, 磬Ҫ󷼶һݳʳµը棬ʹϰ˺öԾɱըԳһҸˡ
ͬʱһָоߺŵĴǸ汾µģ˵׼ñʳãҴڸ
磬ʯͷſڰһӣñĳҲ˹æǼǡ
͹ƱˣҪʽ϶ҪѷƱǰá
һֱæ˰æˡ
ñֻҪһ緹緹ʮһ뿪ʼ򷹣ĩ˫ݡ
ϵñҲǹӪҵӪҵܺã壬ǸɻԶ˽ҵôࡣ
ñĹô
ڲŽñʳãǿ϶Ҫ¶ֵġ
һ磬󷼾ʹһ⣬Ӧһһأزһײˡ
ȽϹȽϺķѳɱ򷹵ʱÿݺ϶ܴ̫ģȻͿˣ󷼾һЩˮںӻȵζ
ʱ˻ᴦˮԶˮһӵȳζ󷼻ᴦʳģˮ˳ԹԺ󣬾ñⶼóء
ˮ۸ǳˣ֮һ۸񶼲ͲӹǸͷҪǮ
һʳã󷼾ͿʼͲӹȥѪĭʼ

Ͳӹյԭպ⣬ʮ㣬Ա͸оЩܲˣоӹţʳõζȴһȺ˸޷ζ
㣡
ʵ̫ˣ
ʳõʲôóԵİ
Ե磬¹ɲǣһȺ˾˷гʳã
ˣ
һʳõķҲûùʧʳõĻ˲ˮ࣬Ҳ࣬΢ĺͷʳ죬һҧȥһζζûУ֮䣬ζ
Ȼ˶Էʳôǻˣҧһ£ôȴַʳȻı⻹óԡ
Щֱһݻ˵ˣ˵ڶݡ
زȻ˵ײˣſ̫ˣŰײ˳ˣˬڣζѡ
ģڳ극Ժ󣬾ѷϴɾٴһݴţ׼ϻؼҼԡ
óԵĺ⣬ܳԵǿпڸˡ
󷼹ñ˿ԺԭһЩʳģ͵Ĳû뵽еʳĶˡ
һ㣬˶뿪ʳãʳĲˣȴһɶ
ĸ˶û緹أǰѯûк󷼶ЩˣôĻԼûпѵԼ˴̫ˣ
ʣµĹͷ⣬Ծȿٳ꣬һˡ
ЩԾ
յķƱԤƵĶ˲֡
ѵЩ˴ݷˣ
ò˵Ĳ²ȷˡ

û鲻ڶ֡
ֻһٷ󷼵ʰóͿԻؼȥˡ
ĸ˵̵Ļؼȥ
ʵñҲ˰ס޵ģñйңһ䣬˶мң򲻵ѣԲס
صԺ󣬼ѾȲˣ󷼻ؼң˵󷼵Ļ
³գۿӾˣ־ú̫ԼˣŸҸжС
Ҵ帽ҲѧУֻСѧûж
ϣкüжлжҲлسԼжչְĺӵġ
Уж϶õģĹԱĺӶڻ׶԰ѧ׶԰ҪȥйϵС
۰Լӵ£ԼܣõѧУõĽԼӽ׶԰
һжи̸ѧ顣
Ҵ嵽ѧʵ࣬ţ͵Զľ룬ѩأ׵ĺܷܵס
ԣҵסҲ˵Ҫ⡣
һ£ϣ󷼾͸һ顣
ԭ᲻뿪ܿĵʲôΪ˺ӣôҲðҡһ£󷼰ĵզ죿Ҫȥ˰ѻũǨƳȥ
æҡͷ֣ǧǨߣǵĸզǨߣǿͷסǴӺ͵أǧܶñֻһ緹ֻҪʱ䣬ȫԻɻЦҪǨߣǨʱҲһǮֲ
ҲС
ǵ˵ڶ죬󷼾ϴ̽򷿵ˡ
׶԰ѧ磬׶԰ѧҪһˣǸʱѩͻˣԺ˵ǿ϶ܲ٣Ͼûôˡ
ʳõĵڶ죬ǰһ˺⣬ڶ󷼾㡣
˶ƫڵڶ죬Ͱײ֮Ĵףһ㡣
һϣȳͺгС飬˲ԺãֻһΪĹףƬ˼ϾƵƣٳ˲ٵĸɵ鱸á
󷼵㣬ƵḶ́ζŵһʿˮ
ز˵Ļһϲ˶
̫ǿԺһ·
磬ʳԾһӿĹˡ
ǽԺ󣬿һ㣬۾Ʋˡ
ʲô
㡣
˵Żŵһǰ򷹵ˣһ׵㡣
򷹵Ķŵóģ˿æ
һ㣬㣬ζˣζӵ˼£Ҳۣ˼¡
˳Եĵһڣ̲סĸ̾
꣬Ҳ̲סڴڳţҲζˡ
극ٺһڵϲ˶ֱ̡
͵͵ϴɾУԾŶӴ˵ڶݣȥͼһ
ʱ󷼲֪ٹãññôñʳãȴȥԶЩĽΪñʳõһݷˣͷԴĹˣ͵͵˷ˣڹſڵתͷ׬ëǮ
ȻǼºŷ飬ڻ֪Щ
֮Ҳý磬Ĵżǰ緹Ȼֻһ㷹˶ʣˡ
ǵģ磬ֶøһɶ
ƽʰó󷼾ȥҷˡ
ûŮˣŮҲ֪Ҹͷסѧ顣
˷Ҳû£Ҳ͸һȥйҷˡ
ÿֵ֮࣬зݳ߷ݽϢţܵıЩط
һֵһţܵ鿴ҵ˳Ϣûҵ۵Ϣ
ϧ£ô෿ӳۣգΪȷ㺢ѧ󷼿ʼȥˡ
һ첢ô˳ûҵ׵ķӡ
ЩӲ̫ƫƧǼһŽ̵̫ˣô㺢ӳɳ
ҪµķӣһȽϰȫģΧھӶˡ
ھ뿪ѧ磬ûҵʵģȻؼȥˡ
ü죬ÿ춼ȥҷӣһֱûҵʵķݡ
һ죬ʳ극Ժڵӣһ̧ͷͿлѷ
лѷĵӣҷӣ
ҲЩ죬лѷͬ־ס𣿡
ļҪҰ㿴Ǳûзӳ⣿
ðǿ̫лˡˣñʳϰ࣬ǰҵӣ֪ͨҡ
ϣ
лѷֺǺǵĴӦ
Դ󷼼Թҹ󷼺лѷ⻹ǵһμ棬лѷŶȥ˵λлѷûһ£ҲͷˣֻͨѴš
˵ڶ죬лѷĴ˷ӵϢԺļһԺҪ⡣
֪ˣǸлѷȥˡ
һӣһһһʮƽ׵ԺӣԺŶůʯԱ߼黮ֵĲ˵ػţǲ˵һԣһѼܡ
סţȫãԺӴһϣԺˣʱҲõİȫ⡣
Ժӿˡ
ԺӷǮ
ԪǮ
⡣Ǹʲôˣְҵʲôʱ
ҲģǺų
󷼶ԺųȻҪӡһܳĬ꣬һ˫䣬˿κ뷨

˵Żδɽˡ
Ժˣδɽ˵ס
ֱӵųķӡ
ųԡһҵú˵һ¡
ʲô
ⷿһߣһٽֵĵ䣬ǱһſԽߵӣǱߵҲ⣬ȻڲӣпյʱҲסһ£ҲżȻסһ¡
ŶԷݣҶԷҪְ϶æԽˣͱ̬顣
˾ǩһⷿԼ
ĩˣ󷼵ųķӣܹϻ׶԰𣿡
ų˿׶԰üмǻصĹԱ׶԰
⻰Щʧ
ûбİ취׶԰𣿡
һԣлѷȻ͵Ҳзӵġ
ʲôӣ
лѷȻЦĵӣȷ޸ңҵֵľֳǲҲصλģĺӾҵĺӣպþϻ׶԰
æлѷͬ־ɱЦˣ㶼ˡ
лѷһҾǿЦģӱ⡣
ųӿ˿лѷ޵Ŀһ󷼣Ȼ˷ӣͬ־ҪҰңһԽҰպ˳·ǿǼһ̡
æĿ𣿺ų̫лˡ
Ҳѣ
ҪңҪٶԽҰ˺;ڶҡ
ؼң󷼻ؼԺȻ˹Լӣ˵˰ҵ顣
˹ҲΪ󷼸ˣպסҲȽϾˣǡöӼҲˣؼȥˡ
ȰסҲֻˡ
̷˵ģ͵仨°࣬һ˻ؼȥ
ʰʱ򣬾δ¶̷˺̷ĸȻҵ󷼵ļˡ
һ󷼼һ˹㿪ʼ
̷ĸְɩǺúݵģǺƣΪ˺õ㣬ְҪ
̷˼仨ȻõһʳĹⲻ֪Ľ˶ٽĴ
̷ĸ֪ɩһΪ˹ŻõĹ۾ʼɵú




31.  31 ޸   ̷˺̷ˡ

̷˺̷ĸһ, ˶һ¿˹
̷˺̷˵ּң˵һչһ£뵽̷Ӧý˵ʱ, ̷˷żûһֱˡ
󷼰Ѷ˹Ժ̷˷Ȼ, ֪ʱ, ʱ, Ҳ, ǲֵǮĲ, ҲԶ󷼼ﱳ, Դ֮£̷˹Ķӷޣһζûǰ
ԭ򣿲ǲ˰ˡ
֪仨õһʳõĹ̷˷޵ˣ
󷼶̷˷, ɫġ
̷, ȴͿ, ʱ̷˷Ļ, ֻ, ʲôõ⹤ֲҸϴϱҵģ
̷ĸȴ, , ְ, ǼǶú, Ǵռ˹ıˣǱܣƾɶǼȥʳøɻƾɶǼҲȥ簡, ɲƫİ
˵Ż
Ҳͷۡ
ԼܷޣһǼռ˵ĵˣ磬ûкô飬һ򲻻ȥ
󷼼˱ĵƾɶƾʳã˼ҾֻҪ裬ͲҪ㣬ʲô취
⹤ǱҵĹ𣿡
ǶŪˣʳõĴպʶ裬źһɻģ˭Ӷ˹ʱԭ˹ӦǼҵģɶ˹ôͲǼأ
֮⣬˹Ǽ⹤Ǽˡ
⻰˵̷˷˲ƿԡ
ֶŮҲнȥһˣ㿴һ仰飬æ¡
Щ뷭ۣ⳧ֲҵģֲȱˣôнȥ
̷ĸЩģ ѵͲܻɰ£Ҹɰ£ǹʶ԰Ҳа
Դˣֻ롰Ǻǡˡ
˼ҺúõĹʣƾɶһ㣿
󷼻û˵仨ͶȻܾˣҺúõĹƾɶһ㣿ԼнţֲǸɲˡ
㡭ɩ˵㣬㲻Ҫô˽ǴҵݣĹҲҵһݣƾɶָһݣ
Ҳ֪ǰ͵͵ʳʳͣȴøֳһڣ񶾵Ůˣֵݰģ
ۿҪˣҪˡҲǴѾͷæҵĹ϶ǼǴѾͷʱͺǼҽӴˣպһˣ϶Ǽϰˣ⹤ˣҲûǾͱˣԺйĻᣬԻ϶ҵġң϶ҵģǶԼһ㣬᱾䵽Ǽҵģ˵ףǶ˲ģŴλᡣ
ŭˣɫڨڨģŲ˵ʲôˡ
£̷˰Ѷ˹ţ󷼸˹׼·ţȥ
ȥֵĲᣬԼԼļңǲʵҲֻܻ֣˵Щӣٽ˹Сס
˹Ӧ
Ҹո˵ǷҲ޲ǰвպ˹ĶӶԶ˹Т˳˹ϳɾҲ˳
Ǹжġ
һߣ˹ĶӺͶϱҲţˣԭв˼ĶӷޣȻԶ˹Ҳֺ
˹ߺ̾ϢѾͷԺǶ˹סס𣿡
֣ȻԵġ
˹ʱ˾񶼱úˣȻӭ˳һʱһ˵˵Ҳá
˹ߺ󣬼ҲһЩһҪҵˣһ˶ڴûôѹ
һҹ޻
˵ڶ죬պĩ󣬿ʼһЩ飬ȶʰò࣬һ˳緹δɽĳӾͿˡ
δɽԽҰŷǳĿţôֺĳ
ȿͣ󷼼ſڣ߳ȺۿӺһͿú۾
һ̲ס󷼵ķޡһĭɲ潸֪ﹴүǣ
һ̣ͿһߴͦΣȲžװ³ߴһԱ󷼼ȥ
ƬԺ˺;Ա󷼼ᶫˣӣԽҰĺ
ˡôűͷҵֵľֳ˲ŻãҿԽҰִžԱֻôҲһٰ
һӣǿۺˡ
զܲۺأ
ǰļǾ۸󷼾۸󷼱Ժһӣʲôǰ;ԺҵˣȳҲһҲŵıһ˹ģ˲С
Ǹ˲ΰ˧һһ١
ò˵ˡ
ǸԸȢ󷼣ǿ϶ΰǿ
ټޱԭĻ޵ĺãһ˾ûӣ϶
ôֻ󷼰ѴһŸߴһ˳ӣһ̱ﳤȥ
˳ӣϵٶ˲٣ʮԺ󣬳Ӿͣ˺δɽϵСԺſڡ
δɽͣóӣ󷼿š
ڳϿֿʱʱۡĸ̾ӵһȻ治ѡ
˳Ժ󣬺δɽľԱһ𣬰æ󷼵ĴСһȥӡ
˰æ˰ҷǳĿ١
Һ󷼶Ժδɽ׵ĵųлǰæпգ³
˵ʵǿ׻δɽǸųפĲȻڸ˼ҹְأ϶кܶҪæ
δɽȻһڴӦã
Ȼ˼ҴӦˣ󷼾ͰѼ΢ʰһ£ʼˡ
Ǻδɽģδɽ֮ǰӦ࣬ӷǳĸɾ࣬Ҿ߶ֳɵģ󷼰ȥҲһЩ·һЩʳֳ̨ɵġ
ڵڷԺ󣬴һЩ̣ζƷȣֱӹˡ
ϵĳյú̿ӵĳȻһЩú̿һú¯ӡ
ú̿¯ӣ·ʼ
ϣһͷһĺ⡣
Щʳδɽ;ͽ˴룬ǾԱԺЩ˼ȷ꣬ȥæϴ룬ֻžԱˡ
һԣδɽ״һ㣬ͬ־⵽Ժһ𣿡
ΪԷʲôҪ󣬾ʹӦ
ԺΧûˣδɽ󷼵ͬ־ҵ͵׶԰أ
ҲڷȻѺ͵׶԰ѧģ˵׶԰ѧãĻʳҲܺãϧҪǻصλĹԱĺӣѧУ
δɽ˿󷼣Ȼ͵ͬ־㲻޸Ұɣ
ɶ
ΪԼˡ
һ̣δɽ϶ĵ˵㲻޸ңҽкδɽһųйһλӺͺȥˣ޸ңԸ㹲ͬӣ㺢Ҳϻ׶԰ܸõĽѧԴҿ϶ĺͬһġ
⡭⡭δɽͬ־ˡֱԣһ£㲻Ҵ𣿡
δɽҲ⡣һ£ʵһҪ˵һ£ӺȥŮСӢ÷ǳƣҲǼ飬ֻǿܿ࣬Ҹպÿ԰æһ£ĵΪӺãҽ㿼һҵĽ飬һҹְĺӵ˻׶԰ܵңڶҪӽȫĳɳռ䣬һȶȫļͥǻ
ʵ󷼺γ֪δɽ˵ĻǶԵģڴͺӶá˵ûҰӣҲΪʲô󷼼ҴᵽѧԵ֮һ
ӻСǺܶЩ顣
ȻȵѧУ˵˶ˣżĺӶˣ᲻ӵӰ죿
뵽ӵĽ֣ȻӽĴߣԾɵĺӵ⡣
뵽󷼵ٻ飬Ұְ֣ҴźӺʹҰְ֣Կǡ
δɽû⡣ҼҸѾٻ飬ĸȥˣһ׵ģǵܵϼҽӣڱģҸٻݣɲᡣԣˣҷü֣ϲļͥΧ
⻰Խųʵ̫ˡ
飬Ǻ˽飬ļͥ
ûǰ޺ӣĻ˻Ĳ٣ӦûԼĺӺõİɣ
ųбȾƴ𣿡
ûб򣬲ңҺȾˣҲˡ
ôҽĻ޻ǹޣ
ǺôˣȻҵ顣
δɽ⻰һ±ЩӺһŹ⣬һ˲˲òģѩ޳Ĳӣ߹죬ۣ㷢ŨںڣһǸˡ
һ£ȻЩɬĵԣϣޣȻ㲻Ը⣬Ҳǿ
⻰ȻҲЩŤЩҿδɽ۾ˡ
ڽһ£ųһҪһ£ܸҼʱ𣿡
Ȼԡ
ףŽкüľԱ߳Ժӣˡ

ųߺ󷼵飬òƽġ
Ƚӣ´ԴԣѾͷôˣͬ־˵ʲôˣ
󷼵֣ͬ־ˣ
ͤͤŮô˵
֣ҡҲ֪Ҹ˵ұŰֺͺһޣߵ˵ٻ飬ĸȥ޶¹ȥˣֻһˣҵҪ󣬻˵ȥĺӺҼҺӳƣҪչҼҺӡ
⻰𵱳Ѻδɽ˷ӣ˺δɽȢ󷼵ĲԵˡ
˵һ乫Ѿͷ飬϶չ˼ְλҲܸҫչ˼ͥչ˺ӣͬʱĸ飬ҪӣϾȢ㣬ǶԺӵļ飬һͥӪúòãǿԺѾͷȥҵѴ̽һ£ûвãߣٿһ¡
ʱûнʲô׽飬ףų˵Ǹ̶ȣҲǴų
ųڲӣͷܱӻӣҲ׬ǮҲûʲô£һпţܺϺ⡣
˯ʱһ£ӣ󱦶úǵİְ֣ǾΣ

⻰Щš
⻰ȴɴ۾һĻϲǽ쿪ĺ𣿡
ǰ
̫ˡ裬ϲǵİְ֣˧ϲ
⻰ﵹЩˡ
ǲ˵˷𣿡
Ҳû˽Ӵôϲ˼ˣ
ǶᣬǶ֪ġ
Ǻðɡ
˯ã˯˹ȥ

ڶһ磬ճȥϰ࣬ĺӾͽš
磬󷼻ʱͶ󷼵Ҵ̽ˣųƷûвȺãӣһֱˡ
֣֪ˡ
˵Ż䣬Ȼ
߹ȥʱÿĺδɽ
δɽһӵĵģ˽
ǿδɽһ»˹
ģһ˫ȵĴ۾źδɽ壬ǵİְֺòѽ
ŴŴģܰ˵Ķڻˡ
󷼾÷ΣæӲ£㡭㱻⡣
δɽȴһ°ѶӲĮϣ¶ЦݣðԺǵİְ֣òã
ְ֣ϲ㣡
ڳδɽкԺ󣬾ʹ棬ò˵һļͥȷиɫȱ٣ˣ˿ţҲСӺ١
ȳԹӣδɽû󷼴򶯣ͬ־㿼ǵˣ
ЩΪ飬ڿͺˣḶ́¶˾ģҡԸ⡣
Ը⣿
Ը⣡
Ը޸ң
Ը޸㣡
˭
󷼵һۣδɽ

δɽӦһ¶Цݣ˿ӣ˴źȥݳԱȥˣûע󷼣Ȼ촽ĶߣͳҵϢϲҵ֡죬Ҿȥ鱨档
ʵȫȴѾ˲ӡ
Ȣ㣡
δɽոߣȻ
߹ȥţͿЩŮվǰ
ͬ־ãлѷδ
ͬ־ãʲô𣿡
ҺлѷһŽ飬ʱǵμǵĻ񰡡
ãõġ
ɫȻһ˴ӣɣ
С
ӴŮˣҶģһ˿϶ʱҲܼįɣͬ־ﲻҸ˰أɣлѷвٵͬºѣȻͷҰ̽һ£ܼ׶㿴զҪҸ㣬ΪŮˣôܲأ
ˡ
϶ҪõġѸǰǷǶ࣬˵һŮˣҲǱ£Ȼס߻ؼ¥ˣͬ־ʶһôҲð㣬㡣
⻰ɫͳһ£Ȼ߲ơ
ˣ
顱һ£š
ŮˣҪ԰һûҪŮˣϴű˵˰æǣ
Ů˵⻰Ťͷˡ




32.  32    лѷĶĪ

лѷĶĪ, ˵һЩĪĻ󷼷ǳ
󷼾лѷЩʣһ, ûлѷʲôҲǰ죬лѷæһºδɽķ, ôŮ˾
ˣ󷼴һκлѷ˵һ, ܺŮ, Ȼ, ˡ
һ, صڵԺ, ĿлѷĸӣųƵġ
ֳ࣬ûп׵ѧУлѷĺҪѧ, , лѷֻܰѼͻ
Ѿͺлѷ, лѷΪչ˺, ס, չԼĺӡ
պҲɻ, ֳʳõİ, ûʹְ, ֻڼż޸лѷ
ֻʣлѷĸӵʱ, ìܣһ¾ͱ˼¡
޸лѷʱ뷨ҸڷƱ, ޺޺³Է
޸лѷܴ³Էαظ˵裿Ͼһ껪Ĵ˵ũ廧ڣǺôഺòûҪ
лѷĸƿǸպãϴɨˡ
֪лѷǮлѷǰ٣Ҳˣ׵ʱֱ˵ҵ־ְֳλ͹ʡ
룬Ȼڻг֡
лѷӢµӣһֱһңлѷøߴӢôߵĹʣѵϵˡ
ֳʱΪлѷڣʹĸӵĶԶҲֻܵίСϱÿϴֵͻݵһ
лѷĽ֤ûأ϶װͻһ㡣
ȵϣлѷֳĸӱǽˣûΪɣлѷȺ˽֤
֤Ժ˾һŰƣлѷ˶ǷˣĸӺֱȥɻȥˣһߺü졣
֤֣ǡлѷֲߣȻ¶Ŀ
лѷĸӣֱлСˣлСлգл
ŮлѷսѵĺӣŮ丸ȥԺ󣬱ĸ岮ү̵һĥݵøƤһлѷؼš
лѷŷģŷضԼŰŮ͹Ժ󣬸ǶáͷֶΣûٹ
ĸӴӳڣٸе˵⣬ģ붼˵Ķ⣬ڿлѷŮˣһԹ޺ͼɵлѷߵŮ˶ߡ
ȻˣǵֶȻûаѺߡ
෴лѷ뿪Ժ󣬱ĸӵūʹôȥϴС紷΢в˳ģץӴĸӣĸӳԷ
ϲǵ裬ŮˣǼҰֻҾҰְϳǼҡ
˺仰÷ŭȥ󷼸ǰ˵һЩĻ
⻰ɫĥĸԽĺݶˡ
ȻˣԾɺ䣬ҰĸӴ̫Եĺۼ㲻ĸ˯
Ѽıӣȫ¹ְĸӰסͣ˷ˡ
ĸӱͱŰϰˣף϶Ķ֣˳ӰĸӵҲûھ֪лѷĸӱסͰĸӱֱӶһҹ
˵ڶϣ˿ĸӣݺݵĵСǣǾ͸úõţ
˵ŻлѷǮһ̵Ĺһ˳ò
ڷлСлС˼ᶼˣһԣлѷСлˣ⺢Сûлѷǰչ˺ãСһҹһ¾Ͳˡ
⺢ӲԺһۣһҲһԼӵᣬתͷͻط˯ȥˡ
źʵյòӣĳűźȥҽԺ
ȻˣӣԾûҰҲûԺȡ
лѷСҽԺԺ󣬾һҹȣǾ˻Ųĺӻ˼Ժ
ڼԺ䣬պü˴Щ˼ɫ԰ףɪĺӣеĵСôˣ
һѹĵǰûչ˺ãһֱлѷæŹûؼңⲻڷԺҴҹȥβºղŻˡ
ӴСͻݣСлǰͷĺӣǺá
СһǸͻء
һѵУתͷˣлӲһ仰Ҳ˵
ȰѺӴȥһѽСӶڵϣлӷ˫ֱߵѺӵĵطĺзԣĺӣš
ĸһ϶˯ʱٸҷֻƴͷ
ӽ⿪ӣĸӲĴͷݺݵĵһȺͶ̥ģԣȳԺˣϽȥϴϴ·Ȼﲻ
ĸӰһһĻ˵ڶˣֻܰӲͷеˣȻȥɻ
ǲл⺢ӲһԺɢˣԵôģΪϴлС˷ԵʱȴѾˡ
ܣܣզˣ
лģлС˵Ļ޷Ӧ
лСлôˣǲǱ۸ˣ°ȹ۰ֻǾͰѶ񶾺۰֡
лǴģ۾תʲôû˵
лպȻܲᡭ˰ɣ
ܣ𣿡
лһֱûж
һԣлҲ̲סһֵ
ǵĵܵܡˡ
ܵڱסԺһ·գ־£һӵһĬĬĵ
ĸӵ˲ö֪
ȴˡ
Ϊڣ˵һ䣬ĸҲٷˡ
ÿ죬·Ь࣬ȫĸˮϴɾҺãķ֮࣬Ҳĸá
ĸԺ󣬾͵ȳԷˡ
˼ǮӴ£һǮʣµǮÿոԼϸʹ⣬ӶһüӶˣӵǹúòң

лѷԺӵĸڣδɽڵڶգϼ˽鱨ˡ
δɽ˽鱨ԺֻȽ鱨˱ʽˡ
δɽڵڶ˵һֺʹ󱦶һ£뿪ˣҪɽȥ˵ȼ󣬵Ƚ鱨ٻ
󷼺ͺδɽ飬󱦶Ǽˣϻ׶԰ˣӵѧиõĿʼһ
ǵŽˡ
ԼȻôˣҲǺܸӵġ
Ժ󣬺ųĽ鱨󷼣Ҳһ³Ϊһɩ
ųŽ鱨һ죬ͬʱһӡ
δɽ㣡
󷼺ĵʲô
򿪿
󷼴򿪺ӣֺһ̵ԼһԽָ
⡭ģ
δɽĸģָһԶԽ䣬ϣܸԷϡ
ǳ֣أܵӰ죬ǰѽָӹ֣صĸָ
δҲһָֻù󷼴ˡ
˽鱨ͨȻȥ֤ˡ
°Ժ󣬺δɽñ󷼣ȥࡣ
Сûݣȥسǣδɽг˵Ǻܿ͸ϵسǡ
ݣƬ˽֤ԺҲˡ
ٳԺǶ˵첻ģǡسзӣԥһ£Ǿ˴լȥסһ
Ψһ⣬ʲôģʱ
δɽڸһ׷ϣǾסɡ
˵ŻųС¥
ǵС¥ǾԺҪ㹻ļܷɵһ׷ݣû뵽δɽҲһ¥СҰ
ȺδɽѳӿȥͣãٰӴ򿪣󷼿˿ӣҲͦ졣
δɽܾûסˣʱʰһ£ǽϴպססԺʱ㲼á
á
Щ壬Ҿ߼٣յģ˺δɽңûڷʲôҾߺС
Ȼûʳģй˻ǰڹӪһЩʳǿԶԸһ¡
ȳ극Ժ󣬱Ҫϴһ˯ˡ
δɽѲʰɾȻ󷼣ϴˮ
áõġ
ȥϴһ¡
˵⻰Ŀٴζӣ󷼻ҵĴͷ
Ȼʽˣﻹǻҡ
󷼺ǰһʱ򣬶Ƿ棬ûʲôõУ˵ÿζϲýÿ˿Ӿ͸ɣ󷼷ⲻϲ˺Ժ䵭￹顣
ٴԽĻˡ
ڷĥĥ䣬ȹ˺ܾãϴɾ·߳
׷ӳԣͷҲǣ˸ո»飬Ϊ˰ӹã϶ַ
󷼺ͺδɽ飬ҪԭʵΪ˺ӣҪϺѧУҪõĽȫļͥһУδɽԸ
ڵľأʲô뷨϶Ҫѷ޵ġ
Ǻδɽ̫ߴһװˣ˿ŷǳĽ׳֪Ƿ棬һʲôǸǹͷҲǺõģǷ棬ȫû
߳δɽָָ䣬һ¾߽ԡϴȥˡ
ԡҵˮ𣬶ںδɽķȴЩִ١
δɽķʰúܸɾ࣬ûκεƬ߱˽Ʒֻм鼮ڷڴͷ󷼿˿һЩеרҵ鼮
ƿ˱ӣĴɵ˱

δɽĴõǾޱ׾ɫʰúĶ飬˲ƻʵ̫ˣѱ׷ſϵʱ򣬲֪ǲǴϾñϣźδɽϢһ
˼֮У⴫ŲƬԺ󣬺δɽ˽
δɽϰţ¶˿鸹ķǳĽ°һ̿㣬һ˫ֱֱֱֳԵ־ķģˡ
⺮һҲƵġ
󷼿˼ҽɲǵĻ㱣һ̣æƿĿ⡣
㡭㲻𣿡
㣿
δɽ˵Żһƿӣһ½˱ѡ
˭
Ρɽ󷼵ЩͰͣźδɽоĽš
δɽ˭
Ӹ£һ˲˲ųɢͷϵһͷ˳ĺڷҵĺͷƣļ̲סȥ
Ҳôˡ
ָĳһһ㻬ȥĲ̲ס촽չȥߵδɽ˭ţ
㡭㡭ҡϹ
ٽһ
ʲô
ţ
ϡ
Ҳ̲סӵס촽

ºһҪһ֣룬һʮ֣ǿ϶øδɽŷ֣ڱ۵һ֣ںδɽߴ̫һЩְֺޡſ۵һ֡
Ůϲǿ϶Ҫ˵Ҫ˼Լĸܡ
һ֣̽ϣ˶ԶԷȽ⡣




33.  33 Ϊ   ڶ죬Ρ

ڶ, δɽȥ磬·
ڹ˹䣬δɽ, ӷֱ·Ҳһ£, ȻҲ׳¡
Ȼˣϲ֮Ŀ϶ⲻ˵ġ
δɽдƱ, ֮ǰһ˳ԱȫҲ, еƱݶ, ˹, ҪĶ, һˡ
;󷼲ûֹΪ
һ˶Ů˵ʸУôһЩʱ䣬ʱ˶Ůǧ˳ʱˡ
󷼱, еļ, ǰ, ͷ, Ҳˡ
ķչ, ĺ, ֮ء
, ˶õʱ, ֻĬĬкá
˴Сһ, δɽȥϲһԵ
񣬾ʱ, һ
󷼣ô
һ̧ͷһ¿˹ΰ
ΰģһʱֵ£ĸ߸ߵģƤЬȳȵģһɹʿģֻǣҲǱģ˶һ޲ǰʧһ㡣
ֵʱ򣬻
󷼿ݺݵԼΰĮĵ⹩ֲģôͲУʶ𣿡
ΰ⻰һסˡ
ݺݵĵ㻹˵㲻ǸģҾ㣬ֻǳΰѣҲΰҵֽҵɱȥˣͿһɷ˾ϣǿ϶ģŪһǮ
⻰ԽЦˡ
󷼿Կ϶ΰȻԼ϶ԼҵſڣӰŮĸ
⹷鰡
Цһĵ֪ҵģҿ϶ϴģΰǸˣɷġ
һͲǨˣ͸͸Ŀ϶ã϶ҲȥɶǸպ˳°ѹǷݲǨߡ
ΰ⻰ĲκԱ˵Լ飬ﶼǺܲġ
Ҫڵʱһߴ˺Ȼ߹һѾͰ󷼵§סˡ
ôˣ
ΰǸˣɫһ¾ͱˡ
һԣתͷǲŽиɣת§ĸߴһЦɽ磬ˣ
δɽεεˮӣһ;ļСèһצӡ
δɽǸϲвɫˣʱԽ§ýģȨӸ£һԵΰλǣ
󷼵ǰĵܵܣΪǰԺ󣬻ˡҶдɽˣ˰Ҷ࿴һ۶Ը⡣
˵Ż޹ƵģҲδɽϿ˿Ťͷһ۸ΰҲˣڽˣɷһ٣ȥĸ磬ǿǺǧٱķ棬ΪŮ˶˵Ļ룬ȥǸ簡ǸҼҴɽЬģԷˣҿ϶Ǽҵκ˵ġ
˵ŻһŤͷŴСˡ
ΰһѪ²Ҳʲȥˡ
߳磬˽˳ӣδɽЦЦ󷼣ɽ磿Ů˶˵Ļ룿ţ֪ˣ
󷼸ߵ죬һʱ֪˵ʲô
ͬ־һ㡣
ԺͽҴɽɣϲ
󷼡Ǻǡһ£ͷ
δɽˣҲٶ˳ӣС򿪹ȥ
ȻصСļָĶȻǵӵľϲ
ҲķݣҲ̲ס¶Ц
ںĶ٣ں˼ûˡ
Ҳʽˣδɽ󷼣ǵľϯ㿴ڼ֣ҪЩ˳Ծƣ
۸˽飬󷼲ûжٵݣһ£ҳǶ˹һңʵûʲô׺ˡ
Ǳ׺˼ҳһٷɣͬ־㿴أ
δɽӿһۣáߣûʲôݣֻһЩսѣС
˱˽ľϯˡ
˽ˣ󷼾ͶӵԺǵİְˣǺðְ֣Ǵ󱦺Ͷ
ְ֣
Ӷϲ˷߶⣬СӶ֪
ǵΰԺҪһµİְˡ
úӣ
δɽֻﶼڻˣĿƬ̵Ĵʹһ̣ɫӱ˻
ְ֣ɡ
ðʲôϷ
ְ֣ҪӥץС
ְ֣ǹϷڶǴ󱦷
δɽԺӵʱ򣬷ģǾһӥץСһδǹϷòã
ۣ
ͬʱ
ǣ󷼱ίɵӥδɽ˼裬ںδɽ
ѽѽץҰ
ر˷ܣһ߽һţ˵С棬治һ׵飬󷼷ϴŰѺӸץסˡ
ҲϷŸǹϷ˺δɽԺ󣬶źͺδɽһ飬δɽֻÿӶһΣһΡ
һ󷼾￪ʼװǹˣᣬԼΰͬţܵһϲǡ
ϲǵȻҪһ󷼰ǰԺ󣬵˺δɽһ䡣
ͬ־ߣȥϲǡ
ӸŻϲϲ
һĿڳţһԵԺӡ
δɽߵԺлѷң治лѷǸδӴȥұߵԺӡ
ԺұߵԺŴ򿪣һŮ˿δɽ󷼣۾һ¡
ų𣿡
δɽЦܣܴ㣬Ӻӡܴ㣬ܴǸģܴİˣͬףų
ܴá
ããӴιǵϲǰɣҿ˺ųϲǺܾˣǰھϯҺףɶҪȥһ
ӭӭ
˿׼䣬תͷȥлѷſڡ
Ȼϲлѷô˲æҪһϲǡ
һãﴫϲ
˭
ңڵ󷼡
ɶ£ûҾͲˡ
󷼺ͺδɽЩü
Ҳʵ̫ûñˡ
δɽ˵ˣͬ־ǺδɽųҺͬ־˽֤ñϲˡ
⻰ŲԸİѷŴˡ
ϲأ
󷼰ϲǵݹȥϲһߣȻ顱һֱӱصˡ
ⶼʲô˰
δɽס󷼵֣Ϊˣֵã
ȥļδɽսѣʦϲǡ
ߵʱ򣬺δɽȻлѷĸôӵ
⻰Ҳ֣ǰҲ֪ôģûأĻкӣӦñȽϳֲŶ԰
ĸӶӦöϷʲôģôһûأ
δɽ⻰ȴһ
δɽȥ
ɶ
һ֪ˡ
ԼҵԺǽľӳлѷҵԺӿ˹ȥ
лѷԺӣϲԺһ棬һһԵ
лѷҵлѷĸڸɻ
лѷҵԺпھˮǷǳģǳϴ·Ҳܲ¶ȣһЩˮһϴ·˵ˡ
Ժľԣлѷ߰ŮǱľˮϴ·ϴĲǱ˵··
СŮһ˫ֶú׵һͷСŮŵ·ӶɪȴֻͷŻ
ٿһԣһСɨأһСڲһСһԹŸ
СرŶһܴƵġ
δɽüͷɫЩѿ
ˣȴģʼˡ
һȺСɶɶУһȺҪҸɸɾһЩͱԷˡ
˵ŻһƣһԸСͱһƣʱġ
ԼڼҲǧĸ۰ĵģǵлѷȴ˵ķʹ뾡취ĥԼ̲סҪʰ⼸С
СúøɻȻͷҾǰ㡣
ҰѲŲǣ
žһĹȥݺݵĵҺﶥ죿ֲ˭ȥֻǼƿֲźúӣһѵĵܵãʱֻ۰ܵãǶȥ
أҰֲǣҰֲᡣ
־ͻᣡҪȻôǶңôҴǣ
ء
СѹֵĿһ̣ȴٿˡ
Ϊˣİһ»˹ݺݵġ
ٿ޿ŲڰǼӰˣ
˲䣬ȴٿֻһʹĵᣬúò
δɽ̣ɫѿ˼£ԼĺȥˣСܿ࣬ʱһԺǽȥɫĵͬ־Űлѷĺ𣿡
δɽ˽Ͼֵɫһ
㡭˵ʲôҡֻǹ̺ܽӶѡ˵⻰ԣҾǹ̺ܽӶѣļҵĺӲ̺ܽӣһʲô£δɽҼң
δɽʱѱƵĺӱĶһһУȫлѷģǣȸߣǰְֻ𣿡
أأҸߣǸߡ
Ӷ߹ȫźδɽ߹ȥںδɽ
һԣδɽѼǣԺȥ
ˣһ׷ȥźδɽ˹ȥҪһץסвδɽ
δɽ֣ôᱻһŮ˲ţתһ߹ȥͰߵһԡ
ҽһԺδɽԼֻһʱʹһ¡

ҽԺٴγΣֱӳȥˣֻ˵ż޺ŵأų۸ˣδɽлѷڼң۸Ůˣأ˰˾
Ľܿüھӡ
δɽЦŮ˱лѷĥлѷĺأǿֶ׳ʲôӣӶʲôˣٽԺӿŮԼųԶúӸϴ·ɨصȣģӣڸڿȥŹȥѺӴġ
һίģ˭кӲ̣ܽ˵ҪԺӲãлѷңǰ췢գһҹȥҽԺβģأҶԺզ˭֪ܲųܺԼ£ɱҼҵ¡
תͷµĵӣߣؼҰӣҪ
ô˵ŻӾ̲סһԣüлѷСȥˣȴľˣֻǺ̺ܽӾͱᡣ
δɽɫѿһԵлգѺӵ·򿪣һԣ󱻰ĺۼ
ʲô˵ûŰӣ
лС˿ŵ壬˯ҲǳԷأܵˣҲȥܵˣѾˣأ
⺢Ҳ̲סĿ
δɽɫһ䡣
֪¶ɫһ䣬æûУûе飬ûҾǹܹܺӣҾѺӽ̺ãأԩңԩң
һŤͷһܽлѷӣʱ룬УøϽңȻ¶ˣǿզ죿
ȻڻǰлѷֵǮĶ϶߲С
һߣδɽ󷼸ӿ˿˱Űĺۼȸлһ£Ҳȷлӵ顣
Ĵˣδɽüͷȥ绰
Ƚӣȥרõȥ绰ȥˡ
ƬԺ߳һлѷ͸ϻ
лѷϱһУֻܵлѷ
ȻˣлѷСл⺢Ӷˣһ˿Ե֢״ţҽԺС
лѷǺӵףֻܵлѷˣܴӵ顣

ڵлѷḶ́󷼰Ѽţһһ̷ۡ
ֶ˲̷۹ֱ̣ӾͶŴں
ǡû緹

ÿֻǳһͷĲǳԡ
Ҳˣȥ˼һЩϺףСһļ
ոնӾʹڴڳ˺ܶƵģӰȵһɶ
ȳ棬Ӵͷһԣ󷼵лллӡ
ԼкӣҲú£ǵİְһ͵ˣȵˣǰְֻᱣǵġ
⻰ȴҲ̲ס
ڼ˵ߵˣǵĸлѷûһסġ
лСĵӣǵ𣿡
Щѹҿǵĸ裬ԺˣҸ裬óԵġ
⻰ϵʧһǿ˿󷼻Ĵ󱦶Ľ
Ҫð
󱦺Ͷ裬ǣ򣬻ÿôĺóԵģ·
лСһĺӣܾԺǵлл裡
һԣҲлл衣
󷼺ͺδɽչ˼ӵʱڸԺӣʰ񣬼Ҵҵľˡ
뿪ᱻлѷᡣ
һߣлѷӵ绰Ժ󣬼ҴҵĿ˳ӣֳǱ߻ˡ
ڵһСʱԺлѷĳͣ󷼵ԺӴſڣлѷҴҵš




34.  34    лѷԼĸӡ

лѷԼĸӵʱ, ԾЩš
ûؼңôͱŰˣֳɻʱ򣬶Ҳ, ô칦ôͰѻŰأ
лѷѯʼӣ˵, ȲǵĸǱӣҲǳԷ, , СĻ˷ձԺ, Ŀڶ˸š
СС, лСĵɴ۾, ᲻ۿת
ģ˵𣿡
ӴģĻ޷Ӧ
лѷĿԽʹˡ
лѷ˵лСȥҽԺ塣
˿, лѷ󷼺ͺδɽ, , ų, 鷳ǰҿ, ҡȴСȥ塣
ӷ, СĵҪ
лѷӵĿ˿, תͷȥԼԺǮȥ
ڸڵԺ, ԺӴŴ, ԺԭóֵȴͲټ
лѷ첽ص﷭ңԭǮĶ, һëǮûˡ
лѷдȫˡ
лѷɫѿ˼¡
ںǰʱǰ׬ǮȫǰޣԺĸиɩӼÿóһ빤ʳӵѣлѷĴлհǮ˻ˣлѷǮţڵλԺȣʻţֱʶ˻ԪǮֽˡ
ǰ죬źҪˣڼǮҲûб
ȢΨһ뷨ϣܹѺӿá
ڽǮϣĴ󷽡
ܹ뵽뿪죬ӶŰöˡ
ǣεĶӣȴ˵ʱҧҧֻڣ󷼺ͺδɽѿڣӣųǡȽһԪǮҼǮˡ
󷼶˵óһԪǮлͬ־Ҫȴȥ
лѷмĵлűлСȥسǿˡ
һԣлѷҪǴӿҽԺæţûտӣֻܶ˰æš
տԺתͷˡ
лѷѺӴǾҽԺľݣҽֱӾͰѺӴȥˡ
ܿͳˣлСͻԶҲҿлѷѺˣҪȥӻ᳹׳Ϊӵġ
ֱӰסԺסлѷҽԺлմ˵绰ʱлմһˡ
лɩæܵģ͵лѷǮƣлѷĺŰӣˡ
лɩһлѷ̲סǸлѷԲ𣬶ɩӲãɩûиܺѡ
лѷ⻰ɫԾɲÿֲöлɩ˵ʲô绹Ҫӣɩ˺üӣʲôأ
лɳƵĵСˣ
лѷҽ˵ǸͻԶסԺ֪ܲơ
лյɫ÷ѿǸлɩǱߵĹлɩ˵Ʒã˭뵽ܳ©
лյ£ô
лɩһŶһŵš
лѷûлɩǴͷ磬뱨ѺӰӳԷҲӸǱӣӾǱŰģӡˣ
л촽ãͰ˵İ졣
һԣлɩȴɬĵܣܱ㲻ܱҪǱˣһӾͻٵˡ
лѷľȻĿ˿ɩһֿۣ˿磬ҿ϶Ҫġ磬Ҫ㣬ͰҿźӣҪ㣬Ҳûʲô
˵껰һתͷȥˡ
ܣȥæ㿴źӡ
лɩһĲ԰ףôҪҸûӼ޽
лɫЩ䣬ʲôõǸǽǡ
˵껰һŤͷֱӳŲȥ
лɩɫѿ룬Ҳ߳ȥˣøϽ绰ҵĴȥ
лѷ߳ȥԺֱȥɳˣǣŰӺԪֽһʾ޶ֽˣٹһʮԪѣˡ
һߣлѷиԼңлѷǰ󷼿϶Ҫ˰ѺӿòУ׼ˣ˵ĳʳˡ
󷼵ĳӹɵģӿúõһѳ
ϣһЩСըС㣬ζԭнӣ̲ס
󱦶СˣĵķɺóˣóԵķˡ
лӶԹҵķˣζһֱ޷ǣ̲סҰһ͡
ӶӳԵԲСըС㣬˸ɾ
ȳ극Ժǣ֣Ҫؼȥ˯һ𣬱ûֻʲô£ǵúһ䡣
סôԺӵԺǽЩͰֻҪһ£ܿ
ȷӰѷŹغˣ󷼵Ż˯ȥˡ

󷼷Ҫϯ֮Ҫճˡ
ڵԾ򵽣ҪֵƱݣҲúδɽ˲ٵƱݣƱݣѸðĶðˡ
˰ϲƵһգպĩʹż˻ˣлѷûлҵСտҲֻܴһȥ
峤ϱɩӣ캩Ӽҵģͷģæˡ
ڶ˹˴ţ˹Ҳ˹Ҳæɻˡ
νϲƣ󷼰þɶˣ֮ģݰæã߲֮࣬д峤ϱϴô֣ñɻѧ˲ٵĳգܸ󷼺ܺõĴˡ
ԣ˾ϯǰһ죬ǰ߲ϴкãֻҪ׾ˡ
˶ϯǰվͰʳ˻ȥ
˾ϯһ죬ϯȻǰüą̃Ļƣ峤ϱ˰ռˣ⼸󷼻·ȥԾϯʲôĶ׼ˣЩ˶ܰʣµĲٳ
󷼵Ĵˣ˶ףڽոɻ
ȻǶ飬ǻǵõף
δɽˣ˵ˣһһ٣Щ˴žװӢ˲Ӣ䲻
˴֪ٻˣǲ֪󷼵׼һʲôˣ֪δɽԺ󣬼ģԭ󷼲ôĴˣҲˡ
Ҳñ׼˲٣ֳɵ̧ںãʱ˼
δɽ͵𣬺δɽӹȥԺ󣬲ûж࿴ֱȫݸˣмʮˣǺδɽ˾֮࣬δɽˣȻϲ
δɽĵܵܺ͵ܵܵҲˣ˶һϴ÷׵ľ·һ˱һĺ
ԭδɽϼںߣܵܺ͵ܵܵӶǵصصũ˽ӵδɽϢϽһЩɽμӺδɽĻˡ
˿˿󷼣Щ˼ĵǼֵʲôǮϣɩ
󷼿˿¨Ķ¶ϲлܺͶãôõĶôϲأɶǺö
ϲδɽĵܵܺ͵ܵܵŷ
ɩӺǰһͬɩӿǵʱûûпˡ
֪˿󷼵ʱɫԽºˡ
ȵŵϱһԳԷ
δɽĵܴܵԶ¨ʳģ˵׻ľϲ
㵱˱ʲô˾һӵĸϺʣɣɵīɣϲˣȱȡ
֮⣬˻һ¨ĴբзͼƷϺ
բзִַϺǼƷһֻͷܰռһˡ
£ƷڵزûôֵǮ˸ôĺƷʵ̫ˡ
δɽĵܵкӣӿűȽϺʵһũģ
һϲãסδɽ֣磬ܽ飬ܵˣΪˣ磬ɩԺúù
δɽҲԵܵܵļ仰ЩݣȻĸȥֵΪˡ
ܣģ
ֵܵļȥһдȥˡ
εľϯǰ治ϯϣÿ϶һƿ׾ơ
׾ϾϯǾϯĵξˡ
ƻҪƱݵģŪôһЩƣǶԺδɽԽ߿Խֺõɫ
һϯһ˱ǰ˽ϯˡ
δɽ쵼Էʱ̲סĺδɽļ򣬵СΣ飬ܺãܺãԺ󣬺úõúõĹӰ
ã
ЩԷĺδɽߵͬ£¶οɫֹƵġ
ȳ극ĺδɽļˡ
δɽĵܷܵȻס
˿󱦶ʱ򣬺ӵɴ۾СӢ
Ǵ󱦺Ͷ󱦽䡣
ããǺúӡ
óһӴһ
ܣʹã
δɽȻǶܸģԼˣǾŰɡ
Ȼ
ϣ˰æ黹Ժ°æĴˣúõٳһٷ
ʵֳɵĲˣ׼˲ٱˣֻҪһ¾͹ˣԣֻˣֳɵϯˡ
󱦶£ǺӹɽպڱѩˣӾʹȥҰˡ
ڵĵҰ˲ΪʱȲ֮ģոðʱҰȴóԵġ
ɩӼҵĺӴһЩ⺢кһ󱦶лѷҵӣ͸һˡ
лѷŮڵɹƣҲʶҰ˵ģ񵶺СͷҰɻܿͲ˲ٵҰ
һȺɽģò֣ԭлѷҵӣҲ¶Ц
ڻҰˣĴ˿Ļϲ
߹ȥ˿ɵӴȲݳͦã۵ʱһһ̶̣ۣ㰡պÿԳˣѽأۣ԰ˡ
뵽˽ӣ̲סһ£ζʵ
ǶϲΧʼժˡ

ϣҰ˾ȻΪܻӭĲˡ
Ұϲŵϣ÷ΣΪһʦĵζƷȻ㹻ģȰѵϷ㣬Ұˣȫûֻͷɬζֻۿɿڵζ
ӷ޲ļĺӣڶͻؼȥϣ󷼾͸׼˲ٵɽ
ǰƵɽҰѪȣָӴӣǹ
δɽ׼˲٣ҲǷǳжġ
ˡ
·䲻˴һ˯лѷҵӣ˹ɩӼŮ͹ɩӵŮһкŹɩӼҵСһסҲǰľһӷ˾סķ
˹һסˡ
̷˺̷ˣ˳ɫ磬ִؼȥˣǴżӣһӣһӣһȺ˺ƺƵģҲһЩζ̸ʹٸ׼˼ѣҲõġ
ڶһ磬ӷҪؼȥˣҪȥվƱٻؼȥ
ĵܵã´ǿһҪѺӴ
һһˣпգʹһϼʹܱ
ãã
ϻ𳵣󷼺ͺδɽŻؼȥˡ
˻Ժ󣬺δɽļڣǸвסģԺǴߡ
δɽľȻӣֱһǧܣҡεľ
ߴԺֱӰڷԺδɽ˷ˮˢϣɺ󣬾Ϳˣˡ
ӿϲˣΧȥ֪ת˶ٸȦ
лӿԺ۾ɴˣĽ룬Ҫ̵ĺӣǸöð
ÿкóԵģܴƯ·廹أǧľ氡
лѷڵڶģлСҲ˻
лѷǰ󷼺ͺδɽæӭӹȥզˣ
лѷҽ˵ҿȥˣֵָܻ
ǾͺãǾͺãôС
лѷɫȴÿ
һԣлС֣ܱǸŮ˻𣿡
лѷͷǷģֿ϶ǸŮ˻ˡ
Űӣٸص
û˭չˣ
뵽̾һ

лѷˣлҵļӿ϶ܼס󷼼ˣ㱻лѷֱӴ˻ȥ
ӻȥԺлѷʼʰ
ߵǮ˻˲֣лѷһ£ǮùȥȰ󷼵һԪǮˡ
ڻǮʱ򣬺δɽлѷſڣδɽǸŮˣ
ұ˾ѾץˣߵǮҲ˻ˣѾȥˡ
Ժʲô㣿
лѷ̾ϢǱ벻ˣҵĺûտ
лѷΪѣҵֿչһĿĿлѷҲ뿪ҼͲ
δɽҸ׵ıķɡϾҪѧˣʱӴ󲿷ʱѧУֻҪţⲻ󡣡
лѷȴȻһ¹
ţ
ϵĹ֣ٸֳ
ǺڵĹǰ;ûȣˣ
ˡ
δɽ⻰̾һ룡
лѷͷȥˡ
ǵ˵ڶ죬лѷд˵ְ뽻ȥ
δɽΪĿֱˣ̾Ϣһˡ
ݼٽԺ󣬺δɽȥפĲӣҪղܻ
Դˣ׼
޸ˣͼ˵ȨԼ˴ӵļͥҪ˵飿ƨ˶û棬жٸ飿




35.  35    һѩ

һ, ѩ׵滨ˣɫһҲˣµŮһɫɴ, أ˶ŵķҷ
ڱѩڻԺһů
ʱ, ũҲʼæµ
Ǵ£󷼼, һ˵, һĿ˵, ΰĵء
ÿ, ñԺ, 磬󷼾͵û¸ɻˡ
ĵز٣ɽҪˮҪ, ʱ, ˵ҪԾֳ, ж˼, ˿һͷ, ˾ͷ, Լҵ, ֲ, ԺԼʳ, ԣôŬأ
գ˶ϱ
󷼼, δɽӪȥˣĵغͻƾͽԼˡ
δɽĹһһʮԪǮ뿪ǰһʮԪ֧䣬󷼱æء
вסǰ죬ũ˰Լҵĵضٵĸˡ
Ҫ˰æɻҪǮģʱûг׵ķſߣΪ˱ӣ󷼾˼Ұæ
˭ȱǮģ׬ǮĻᣬû˻ƴǡ
׵εľ̷˼кˡ
ӣһʮ꣬һʮ꣬Ͱżɻˣ˵󷼼ɻЩӶҪæ
仨ñϰʱ򣬼ļڻѩûڻʱ򣬾Ѿ˵أݣ֪󷼼̷ľʹæɻˡ
̷˼һӣӶʮˣ̷󷼼æɻҲһųͷˡ
⼸Ӿһ뷨ǲǮҲа
ķˣʵ̫ζˣֻԹһΣǾ˼ҹ룬ٳһڡ
̷Ҳˣ˵æЩ裬Զɻ䡣
Ժ̷󷼵ֵֶŮʲôûƣɲҪǶ谡
ֻܵͷҪкõ·ҿ϶Լˡ
ˣҲͷһȥ
̷ֵˣ󷼺ͷӼж˼Ұæɻ
Щ˼Ҷ󷼵ĳ˽⣬ΪģΪܹ󷼼һ⣬Ҳֵð
峤Һ͹𻨼֪󷼼ũæɻҲæˡ
ҵĵز٣˶٣ƶ˴󲿷ˣôΪѣҹϵǶæ
һȺ˰æɻ󷼼ĵأ㲥ֵü죬ֲľֲֲ׵ľֲס
ǰֲһЩͺͲڼݵأЩͲȫʵʵģ۵ģζͲ˻Ҳ̲סҰһ͡
ȱʳģͲ˻һȦ̫ʵͲ˻ժֵͲ̦ʲ˸ԡ
󷼿ųͷµظŴһͷһһ»ȥµģɺõأɬ
ũһ࣬һĸֽոտʼѣв֣ʩʣݣո긴һ꣬գʹȥϤף֪ʲôʱʧһƬ
Ҫ׼һȺ˵ĳԺȣôʱͻؼ׼ˡ
ڴﶼͦȻҪúõһٷһ´ҡ
еһ˳ԹҲ޷ǾǴķǽ
ӷ˸󷼱¨ĺʣб㺣֮࣬Ϻʣ㺣ΣǾ˿ȶֲϣ߹ޣʼһǽ
˰㣬󷼰ѴﶼԵҲˣ֮⣬˼ҳĲˣѿ⣬Ͳ̦ȲݣѬĢȡ
ǰæɻæµһԺԭѾƣˣʱңңģζӾ̲סɽȫƣ룬ҲŵζԺһɨա
ͬ־ʲôóԵİ
һ˷Ӿ֪ˡ
ѧʱѧУӺҲŻˣʱڰæ̨ջ
̲סΧŵķǽתתȥ
ȴϴɾ֣һһĲ˱ӣ󱦶ԽԽˣæڷŲ;ߣ˲ˣůůġ
ǵ裬ҳˣԣͲˡ
⻰˵̲סѺ§ڻһڡ
ȴӣһɫҲȥ
󷼵һǽһ͢ˣԭǹλԵʳպüʳģһװķǽﲹһӡ
ܲ˵ζˣʱǶҨʼƷ
ڳ˵һڵʱ˶̲סɴ۾
ҾûгԹô֮꣬ҲǰĻʵ۲źȵһӿֵ̫ˡ
ǽޱȣһӵ󾹺ȵһζʣ¡
˶ͦԲĶӼȥˡ
ʱ˸ɻҲһëһ죬˵׬һëǮҲǲ׵ġ
ũ࣬û׬Ǯ
ڶ죬һæɻˣǰͲø󷼸ɻԼҶǳ԰ſҰ˹ǿӶѣʮµģԾɲ÷һΣˡ
󷼸ɻɾˣϿֻоĻʵ۲ܳԵζʳڣǿɳԵˡ
󷼵ڶһʹӻȥˣҪѧҪϰࡣ
ر￴Լҵأ°ԺٰѺӴ
ñʳñ󷼴÷ǳ˾ûвĲ˵Ĺˣڳ䣬Ҳв˵ʳõĳʳһݷ˳һڡ
Ϊˣ͵͵˲ٵĻţû׬һʣÿ첻˶ٵķˣÿζһɶ
һ£аʳò𣬻һЩӯࡣ
ñĳ֪ԺҲһ

󷼼ĻƸ͸ˡ
ֵشء
Ժһý硣
ֻڴԺ󣬲żֲ
峤ϱкһȥĤŪ󷼱ʹ峤ϱһĤŸһ硣
˵ӵ磬ļƹ֮ӣھֲȥԱֱֲȥʸߣҳøá
ȻˣһЩӣ԰Ѻš
ʱ򣬺δɽˡ
δɽ֪磬˵µȥɻˣԭµظɻƻؼȥˡ
ﲻȱʣرһǽ󷼾ʹһηǽ
ηǽδɽҲ̲סԺһЩ̾ų˺ü롣

Ҳ󷼸ʱĻˣҸոհѻ꣬ҹ͹磬ҹʣؼƮѩ
˵ڶ죬￲ϵ滨һһѩ
װεüΪǹһɫԽԵñˡ
ũȴûʲô;˼ʹѩԾҪ峤Ծɱű¨ȥѩݡ
峤ȥ°ӣһյĸҶ֮ʳͶι˴죬ĺʱڣ峤ﶼڿˣʹѩ죬Ҳȥȥˡ
ɩӼҲι˼ͷͷҼһԲ϶ιʳԣɩҲӭŷѩȥȥˡ
󷼵Ͳ˻ӲïʢԹɩӵɩӣȥҵͲ˻ݣҷûء
аӣҿɲˡ
ɩ˵Ż󷼵Ͳ˵ȥ
ʱ򣬹ɩӴһ¨ʳӣ⿪ˣҪҼĸˣʱһѵӣҪԸŰ
ŷ⣬ȻĶģأιɲô򵥵飬Ūʳء
ˣҲڳı׬Ǯ£ȥĶѿѾˣ۸Ҳ󷼱㲻ѿˡ
Ͼůˣѡ߲ˣѿļ۸½Ҳ⡣
ԣıµ·׬ǮǱȻġ
󷼵ĺûŪǮ󷼵Ĵ㣬һҪسǵģһ죬ҪصǸУȥڽ£ǮǱزٵġ
ԣµ׬Ǯ·ٶԽ
Ļˣпֺķʱ䣬׬Ǯѡ
һҲûֳԣûԥֱӷˡ
ɩЩϧõӰ뵽պãּ޵úãʳҲӦõģûѯʡ
ȵȥñɻʱ򣬵ɩѯ̷ĸʱ仨һھʹӦ
ˣ仨ֶŮҪҪȦһ£Ҳͷء
ũסвģũҷʣɾͿţЩˡ
ЩΪѣҵǺѧҵͷæµ
̷ӣҪտУֶŮҪĵĻǼҸտҼأҶˣͷտţҺͺ֣˳ָտҲ˳
⻰һ˵󷼻Ķˡ
ԶһЩ
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ʱ򣬾ͿԽס£Ϊɣһ·ӡ
һĻɽԼаȵǨʱ򣬶һʲ
뵽Ҳ뵽СסˣŲǼĵҲҪũҷʣڿһ·ݲС
ϱԱߵĵطԸǼһլػ
Уͷ鷳ӸһأҵʱӸϳҲסҰֵӣǮˣ޼ӡ
Һţһĵػ
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⻰Ǻܸˣ¾ô˵ˡ
ɩĸûӣͱԤȥˡ
˵£ϣҲһӵȳ
ڵ˶뵽õĴ⣬˵ﶼϣ
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ʮֲڣٵλûһ죬ñҲżˣַС磬ôȥ
󷼿˿÷÷ӳҪһЩͷ˭Ҳ٣ÿҶвɽʱɽһӾֲˣ£ٹ꣬÷Ӿժˡ
÷ͬù÷ֲΧϰףһ£ֲںɽ
ϵӽӺӵʱڸлѷң̧һͷСӳȥ
лѷԺǰ˹ϵɳԼѺ͵ѧУԺȥϰ࣬ϻؼԺԼ˸˸˵ýܾˡ
һͷСӵʱ򣬻ûӦлѷͬ־𣿡
ǣء
ĵط
ԺӵĲֲ࣬ûȦ
ҾԺԺӡ˵лѷ̵ģһԺһЩѼ
⻰һЩˡ
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Ǳ߰׾ƳպвҪľ㣬Һ죬ͷȥιҪҸһͷ
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ˣͷˡ
лѷͷҪͺҰͷ졣
ãҪҲġ
˵Żתͷˡ
лѷҵļӿҪˣֻˣлС˴ŵܵãһһӣ˵Ҫȥʳ
лѷ״˼䣬ɵüӳȥˣˡ
лС˵Ҫȥʳ⻹治˵ģС򸽽ĸӶʳãʳﶼᴦһЩҪʳ֮࣬лС˱ȥЩطͰҡ
ܹѵĺǷĶ£ӷ˼ͰһЩ缦ͷ֮Ʒ
СվҪʳڰ˵ĹʱʱģܻһЩʳ
ӼЩʳ˼ǼСҲ˵ʲôлС˽ܼŵһӣһЩ֮࣬òҶ֮࣬Żؼȥˡ
СĹֲæ̩񰲣٣ϣлѷ־ֳ˰࣬Ҳ֪ȥﱧһʯͷ˹ߣһǴʯۣǸ׼ʳۡ
ÿһӻ϶¶Ц
ְ֣Ǽ񵽺ܶʳ
лл˿Ѽӱһ£üȥˣˡ
۴ãˣһ죬·ͱˣ˹ӣ붼ǴպţܶС
ڹﵹһЩˮֵһЩ棬һˣһĲ˸ˡ
ﵹ˼Ƭ⣬ҲմȣôŶһζڸвá
ӳлѷĳʳŸڴζԽûζˡ
֣ҪǺʹǼҴɡ
лѷ󷼣ѹһӾˣɲʱȥ˼ҡ
֪ˣ֣
ô˵ӷһ£һܵл󷼼ˡ
лͱѼлһ棬ȰѸСʱߦԲοʼ
һģɫıֱˮ
ԱȶʳһǰĴͱֱ˼ζˡ
лС˵ӣڸɶѽ
Сǹˣڼͱءź۰ͰͶűģ̾һĸһһ
԰ɡ
ڼҼһȱʳԼҵİͼ˳ԣۡ
ʹ󷼼Ҳ㸻ԣ˼ңҲÿŸǿ۳ԣôҲһЩ֮ĳԡ
£Ķ̫




36.  36 ׬Ǯ·   

, Ȼˡ
һϪǧѹ֦͡ȥ, 󷼼ǰݺֲﶼǰֺĿŻ΢΢ķ, 񶼴Ŵ̬ǧķ顣
ֶģ︴, , һԵ, ̲ס¶ϲЦ
µؿ˿ԼҴ, еð˺̬Դ, ϲ¶Ц
һûаӶ˳磬ôܲϲ
ٹ죬ܰЩ綼ֲڵ, ˡ
󷼲鿴, ˹ɩӼ
ɩӼ˺üֻѼ, ˲ٵֵ, һЩС, СѼȡ
ɩӼ, ɩæк
ɩ, һЩֵ
ɩӵ, ʹֵ, ûмҲа
һ룬Ҳ˿ɩӼĸ, ۾һɩӣС𣿻СѼС죿
ɩӵҪĻҾͷһЩ㡣
С
˵ɩ˵һ۸񣬱м΢һ㣬˵ˡ
ԼＸˣÿÿ϶ܳһӪԼҵĻòˡ
Ȼ̷˰æӣǶһЩѼһ𿴻Ҳͦõġ
˵£ҪؼȥɩӺȻס󷼣󷼰ǰ˵ҪӣһֱûҵµСڻҪ𣿡
۾һɩӣҵȻҪġ
ֵɽϼһѵĹӣҲ֪ҰµӣԼģҪĻҸ㱧ֻ
ǿ̫ˡ
Ȼǹ¶ĸ״̬ˣǺδɽڼԼһŮ˴Ӻһйӿõġ
ֶ϶ҪСУ죬Ҳ൱һֻˡ
Ǹ󷼵ɫЩѿԣڱеġ
˵ڶ죬ɩӵֵܹȻֻӣɩԼһֻӣֻ͹ˡ
ɩӵҸ翴⼸ֻӣЩ˵ĸɽӽĹӣĸѹԺҲ֪ǲˣֻСأҸҲһֻ
˵ǹ󷼶ֻԽϲˡ
ֻӣһֻڣһֻףССֻһԣ۾峺ףȵģòϧ
һϲֻˡ
⹷ӦòɣǶʲôѽ
ҲΧ˹ֻСֿ
СѶ޷ܾëף󱦺Ͷһ£裬ԺСڹңС׹ãһһֻ
СǼȻСˣǿ϶ҪСãԺСϴ裬ιʳСķ㣬ɶǵĻˡ
?ҪôĻ𣿡
ԣҪôĻƣԺǼҵ³ԱǵѣС飬ɲ۸Сǡ
裬õģһ
Ǻãǡ
ͺ˵ԺҲʼ̽ôˣϾû
ɩӻһ㣬С̹ǵȥҪһЩţ̣²ι֮ġ
ûιţ򣬲̷˴иոСĸ򣬸պ󷼻úǺһţأ仨æÿһЩ̹УȿιӣҲ԰ˣһԡ
̣ʱģ̫ˣԺ󣬲һζûУӺһ¾ͰζÿϳԹ緹һ˵Ĳϣһ̡
ĩδɽԽҰˣӵһ³ԺӴſܳȥȷŴ򿪣һ¾Ϳ˿ŵĺδɽ
ְְ֣֣
ӳźδɽܹȥδɽڿӵɲǣ۾һһӶ˻
󱦶ְûУ
ǿְˣְôŻؼң
⻰˵ĺδɽԽˡ
δɽѺ§ڻֺǺǵĵְָǴ˺öߣ󱦶Űְȥö
һĻųȥ
һԣδɽϲӣҲ¶ϲЦ
󷼵ѾͷӣûӸգ
⡭ԺӺ𣿡
ͷСһ£ո˰ɣԺӸáСҪְڻᣬδ޵ĿܣźСѺӵոˣԺҵĵطȥ˭֪ӲСأңҪǣӸգСε϶Ҳһ
֣㡭㲻𣿡
ɵӣܸŰգϹͷˣ߻ǣѾܸˡ
һ£ͷ֣ͷҺͺδɽ˵
á
˵ŻҲδɽԽҰ˹ȥ
һԣδɽӺ򿪣һͷҰ⾹ȻȻڳӺҰرʣİٽˡ
󷼵ɴ۾Ұģ
δɽϲϢЦݣפظɽϴģˣҰϲɽׯڣдׯǵȥæҰ
⻰ҲֹסЦݣôһͷأ࣬пڷˡ
δɽһٽͱֱӿŽԺӡ
ԺδɽһһøֽˮѼ棬ţгɴ顣
󷼽һ󣬺δɽͰһһܿ죬Ͷ⡣
ô⣬϶һ³Բ꣬ںͺδɽԺ󣬸ߵھӣһҶһ⡣
ȻˣĻƣǿ϶󱦶ˡ
󱦶ر𰮸ͶĻƣΪ͹ȥܸץһѵǹ
ȥ⣬ʣ󷼺ͺδɽˡ
ѡһһݶ⣬˶ζ⣬һ廨⣬պá
δɽ˽ӣϴɾ֣߽³
󷼸оЩڣδɽͬ־ǰѴ󱦶պΣզ
ͦã
һͷȥǸһա
š
󷼶ԺδɽҲǶ˽⣬һʱЩ֪˵ʲôˡ
δɽȻ߽һ§ס
֣һǾͽˡ
ᡣ⣬϶ȥС㳡ȥˣ㲻ġ
զ֪
δɽЦ
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оЩΣʵȻˣ̫Ϥ
δɽûң
û󷼲ˣֻӦһߣ֣ˡ
Ĳ룿ӳģһ⡣
ԽоЩˡ
֡
δɽȴչȥ촽ҧһ£Ŀɿڴ֮£ŷſϴˡ
ﷳң˿߿ˣֻõϴһһԵİײ˺ܲɡ
δɽӣˮһϴˡ
󷼰ԺҲڲ˰Ͽʼ˺͵ϣһʱ˵ѵõİ
󷼷ûã⣬Ȼһ߳ȥʵԱ
ʵԱͬ־ż
õġ
ӹżһ̣סˣżǴϼҵĳмġ
Ҵҵİż򿪣һ̣¶ϲЦ
żġ
󷼵ĴѾسˡ
ż˵ѾˣӺͺӣڴ֪سǣǷҲسˡ
󷼵ĺٻٻĥü˵ʱ򣬿ûº֡
ֵܽüȥ֪࣬ٻٻҲûзŹˣŷӴѹӡ
޲ðԼһӶѹƫԶũ壬һӹŲܳͷ۸ʳȱ״̬
󷼵Ĵܹ֮سǣ˵Ƕ󷼼ĹȥĶںٻٻһ£ͨ˺󷼵Ĵʤµһ֪࣬Щ˳棬صƤԺЩ˱Ҫٵʤ¡
ǸٵһֱӵķǾǸˣå
ʤºüζ㿪Щ˵ƣǼȥҲǸ취ǡһһŮ֪Ҳƻˣʤ¾ͺŮ֪һˡ
˽ԺȻüѣسǵʱسǵ·ҲûУҲûѽǮǣ󷼼ĹȥĶպʤŴ˻ȥ·ѣ˳ǡ
˵˱мˡ
󷼵ĸ׺⹫Ѿƽˣ⹫լӾٴη˻
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ʤڻȥˣҲͨˣլҪ˻ȥ
һ
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һԣδɽɫбϲģѯʣôˣ˭Ű
󷼵Ҵţ꣬磬㶼ȥˣʱǻͨһţϵϣǺȴôҲϵˡãϵˡ
˸˵ʲôˣ
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ҿȥˡδɽһ£ʲôܰæ𣿡
˵һڽûսѣҶʹȥǱ֪࣬ԣ̽һǵϢҶ㣬ҶǱ֪ࡣ
ǰϢңҰʡ
æѼ֮ǰϢ˺δɽδɽڶȥˡ
Ժ󣬺δɽ̬ȹУ󷼶Ժδɽ˼׽֮С
ʱҲӻؼˡ
󷼰ѷ˶ӣһ˿ʼԷ
˸ոնڵԺűһƿˣһ˿ȥлС˴лҵĺ߽ˡ
лС˿󷼣۾ģӣڳԷ𣿡
󷼵ǰ
ǳԵʲô
лС˴߹ڲ
󷼿˿⺢ӣ͵󱦶Ǽ͹ȥ⣬Ǽ˳𣿡
أûߵ㡣
˵ŻŲ۰Ͱ͵ģͲϵҰš
δɽٳԵ㣿
ðллδ塣
ĸԼ˰һԣкȥ꣬Ϳʼڳ
׼ĸ˵ʳȻ׼΢һ㣬ĸӵļ룬˻ûԡ
лѷʱ߹һǸ⣬̫Ʒˣӣθ磬ĸӿɸ鷳ˡ
δɽĻھӡ
лѷתͷӣңһѿ·˳·ӣңӣθ磬壬ǳʣ
ôɶòţ
˫ƴһ󷼰ӣ¡
лѷץסĸӳȥˡ
һԣδɽòѰѯʵĸӾ
û룬ǰ
ÿ٣˷㣬ĸӲڼûԷ
лѷأܻºһ㶫ȻԺһ󷼣˵ϼ仰
һԣδɽĸӵԺ֪лѷҲǾģδɽʲôû˵Ҳûѯʲô
ĸӱлѷԺ󣬺δɽԺȭδɽȭüã磬һԵ̾ǳĳ羴
һԣֻСȥȥһ첻ѵģ
󷼲ѣֻֻܰһԣֵĹСİСˡ
˺δɽȭ󷼱ĥСˡ
ԾţǣⲢ󷼿µ⡣
˿һҰ⣬ЩҰԲֻ꣬ѬѬɣҲͳԸζܳڳأ
ʱ󷼿ӵʱ򣬾뵽һ˺ӶԵ졪ɡ
ΣϾƣͣϳ飬棬ȣгɳƣƺãЩɾͿԷˡ
ǵЩʪʺϷɣ󷼾뵽һӣɡ
δɽķӣһͷһֱû˾סһ𿻣Ǹպÿɡ
󷼵ȥ𣬿ʼ⡣
һɸɸڷźãڻϺţȸȭʹŨζ
̲ס߽
ʲôóԵģź㰡
裬Ƕˡ
󷼵أڲܳԣأ󣬻ü档
һ磬лѷĺӲûٹ˳İѵһˡ
ɵһۿŸɰͰ͵ģǳԵȴ㣬ζѣ㣬΢飬΢ζ˵һڣͷǳͷ̲סԵڶڣڡ
۾źδɽݸһɣó𣿡
δɽԹԺ󣬵ͷܺóԣζ
󷼱¶Ц
Լĳġ
ɣ׬һСǮǮˡ

һԺ󷼲ûͣǼ˵ڶ
ЩõɣȻ˴װãܷ
ǰĹͷĲӲû꣬ɳԺٷޣȻ˰װĳɱûжƺðװǰҲֻˡ
ȥ̸۸ʱ򣬻бҪġ
æµҹ˯ˣҲ˯ˣ˯ʱ򣬺δɽȴһԵ




37.  37 С   ͡


͡
紺ҹ, ϵδδС꣬, 󷼺ͺδɽӵ˯㡣
˵ڶϣδδ, Щ𴲡
ߣδɽ§ס, , ƽͺ, ѵĩ, ˯һ

δɽȴ·˴
, ڳڶ֫޳һ׸ⶼޣ˿鸹ԵԽľ׳, Զͦñֱ, ˷ͦΡ
Ʒ󷼵Ŀ, ͷʱ, ץ, ЦЦһۡ
, ÿ𣿡
Щɬ, , , Ҫϸ
ģ
Ҫһæ, ٵģ˯һһٽҰ
ϣʵۻˣ˵̫ˣ̺úһּ˯˹ȥ
һԣϵ·Ŧ۶۵룬߳˷䡣
һֱɵϰߣԺ󣬾Ϳʼɻˡ
ڳůˮƿú¯ϻֿʼ򼦵׼һ档
ԺֻСŵζתżǰϱQСţҪӣκ̫Сˣ
󱦶ܿҲˣһ裬δɽӷ䣬ÿǣʵ̫ˣϢһۻˣòã
ã
æͷ
δɽԼ·һ䣬ϴ
ϴãҲˣδɽ˼ˡ
һټϺ棬һ˵ĶӶů
ʱ̫ѾˣԺδɽڸӴѡ
ӺΧźδɽһҲ᲻뿪Ȼ˲һ죬˶Ͽ

У֪ˡ
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Ա㣬лѷҵĺҲˡ
лҵĸ߹ʱ򣬶󷼵ӣǼҳ緹𣿡
ǼҳԹ˰
лС¶ʧɫ̽ͷ˿ӣڸӴ𣿡
ǰ
סôøɶѽˡ
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ɫ䵭лС⺢ӱ㲻˵ʲôǺ˺ӣСССģߣȥҶιȥˡ
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Ժδɽæһ߻ͼһ߸ӽҪĹѵģ
رȤδɽóСǦʣӽôѡ
СֵһգҪܣƫŷʽĹѣҪһŴҪܹڷůڵӸ˯ĹѣĹӶˣСӡ
δɽһһӦʼīʻߣľͷ
ľͷܿһһüãδɽľͷһһ鶩ãܿ죬һСӳǰδɽһЩɫѵķˢãԽԵˡ
ֻС󿴿ֿܽС
ְۣСݿƯ
ӱͲ󣬾ҲŹ˹һССĴ⿴
û˵ֳӵˡ
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Ǻæģڳʼ
ԺûҵʵԴûˡ
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죬ֵ˸ͻʱˣӣδɽ˰õӣȥСϵĳվͻ
ЩΣ󷼻õһЩɡ
ЩɽΪ󷼵ˮԴ̽гķӦ
ż󷼵ʱ򣬷ǳĸˣȥأÿ˳һЩɫƷ׬һʣУ͹ȥĻȶġ
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һֱ̣Ӱˡ
óԡнͷ״棬϶кܶϲġ۸棿
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󣬶˵Ӧûнۡ
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δɽ󷼹Ǹ󷼳ųӵ˼żԶվŵԺ󣬹ȻԽĿˡ
ȥ·ϣ󷼶Ժδɽͬ־Щ⣬һʮ⣬ﻹʣʮӵɣһš
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󷼻û˵꣬δɽ͵ǼҵǮžС
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š
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ٽȫɣǾһǧԪǮ˿۳ɱԪҲ߰ԪǮˡ
֮ãԳڵĻһһЩ⡣

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󷼡
ãǻеĽͬ־㻹ǵдйһ֮Ե
ԭǽˣá
󣬹ͬ־ĳƺȴϲ˳ƺˡ
ʱ˵ͬ־ҿҵˣҶ֪ԭˣ㣬ɷϴľ
ˣʲô𣿡
˵ģҪ˰һϯʱسԹһ˱ѼӣǳǣͬʱҲѾϯһ㣬ҪһЩĲˣҾ뵽㣬㿴㷽𣿡
֪ʲôʱأñϰࡣ
ñ㲻õģѾ˵ˣֻҪС
ǿ϶пյġ
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󷼵㣬ĸܣϾǰûٱ״ˣҪߣʵҲûа취ġ
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38.  38 Сү   󷼻ȥĵ죬

󷼻ȥĵ, ǿʼеˡ
ϯ浥Ӻܿ챻кã׼ӣһΪµ, һڻһġ

ʱ󷼵Ȼſ, ɫһ䣬ôе?
, 󷼿ٳ߹ȥ, ԺŴ, Ժ, ޵ÿ, һСˡ
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⻰˵СԽĵˣ裬ģԺҲ衣
ۼҰԺ󣬿϶һӺӢۣ͵Űˡ
⺢ƽ棬ϲڹ㳡ͷ٩ɽ˵һЩӢеӵСڿӢ۵Сأ⺢챻Ժ˽С˵᳦һӢΪĿˡ
󷼺˺Ӽ䣬ȻֵǴܣʦûȰ𣿡
˵ҲԴ
һԵ裬ʦƫģҺ͸磬лС
𣿡
裬ʦ˵ʲôҰӣ˵ʲôһ㶼ñ˵ʲôİְǸٵģǸЬ䣬ǣҲаְְҰְֻԽҰأܴҰǽž壬ˡ
ʦлˣǼҰͺ䶼û
ĸ׻һ󷼴Ӧհ׺⣬ƨŸ߸˵ǣӣȥ޹
һԣӣֱ̾ίǸʦ治ǸǷ飬СȥѧУ˵˵øϽѺӵոĹ
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ʤܵ󷼼ſڵʱ˿žһؤãݵþʣһǼӣͷģҲûһްްҲ֪첹˶ٲ㣬ϴõһ㣬ůˡ
Ҳڵ˴ˣ·ûůˡ
ȷƺԺʤЩɵĴ˷š
ԺС
˭
Ŵ󷼡
һӴĵİˣǲܿš
˵ǼҿҪ˰
ȥ裡
裬裬ˡ
ʵϣˣҴҵ˳
󱦶ܵͦ죬һ̰ԺӴŴˡ
⣬ʤһƴӣһõģ˸ǰ
ѽһлˣĺư
ڿǰġлӡԺ̲ס͵
磡
Ƿ
֪ԼԼãۿ󷼣ʤһıþȳʵС
ͬʱ̲סһµ
飬һ뱻ƣһҲǸϢļͥ
Ժһ£ڵʱ򣬺Ŀ̱ˣСҪܵٵĴĥ
ǣжٵĵģȴԾ޷ȥСûһ黨СѾͷһת۵Ĺ򣬾ȥôˡ
˼棬̲ס
󷼰ӭӣԺŹϣ⣬Щֵһ¾͸ߡ
ʤܽԺ󣬴ԺӣɵͷԼùòǸԼֳ˵÷һų˻ţԼӿ϶ˣʤܾķˡ
ʤӭӣҲ˳ʤܣһĺͰˣ죬ݡ
ʤɻĿæܵ磬Ҹˣڽ󷼣Ұ֡ҵ֣ҲôǸĸ׵˵ϡ
ʤ⻰ǰ˱ԽĹˣ壬Ȼõİ֣Ǿֵܵˣ壬лտá
ʤܲɵӣôԺһ磬϶ǳܹ࣬ϸˣ϶տӺù٣ԣǸмġ
һԣ󱦶Ŀʤܣʤܵãĺ𣿡
ҵӣСд󱦶ֱкΰκ䡣
䣬о˾ˡ
˾ˣ
ãգʤͳȴտҲգʲôһԵİ﷭˷ʯͷݸӡ
󷼼ʯͷ̣ɵ磬ģ
ɻںӱ߼񵽵ģӦǺŸҼ
ƴһ£Ҳˡ
һԣкʤţȥ
ûʤܳûгԷҲ֪ôõĻ𳵣Ǯʤܿ϶ʰ׵Żݷá
ܿ죬˳ʤζܲˣһֱԵĺʳĴϸܶûмˡ
󱦶壬ǳ𣿡
˾ˣǱأհףɺóˡ
ãã
£ʤڷĳԷˡ

ʤܳԱԺֿʼ˵̫ûˣ˵Ļ˴˶Žһ±˴˵ľ
ʤ˵ټޣﲻòףҲ¶ģ׬Ǯˣöչá
Ҳʤܽݹϸݡ
Ƚ꣬󷼵磬ˣǱߣǳѣʱŪͶȸţԴȥˣ㿴ѡĸ
ʤܵĹŰɣȥӵ
ӵҰ⣬׹һЩʺŮӡ
á
˵Ժ󣬱ҲʤܣҲˡ
ãйˡ
˵ڶ죬һʹʤȥسˡ
Ժʤȥֵ챨ִȥѻ£ˣݹʤܡ
ֵǱмңһ䣬ʤܵһ䡣
󷼴ʤܣָ·ʮԪǮѣŻȥˡ
ȥԺ󣬵ñһͨæ磬żȥ
һߣ󷼵ĶСҲ˳˻𳵡
δɽҲսѣսǿ
ǿһس﹫ֵľֳ
ǿ棬ǿ˺üһƫԶСɽ壬СɽȻҷԣСҲ˳ˡ
ǿС˻Ʊֱϻ𳵣뿪
뽭ԶһЩ໨һʱ䣬˽ǡ
ԣǰŸոſڣŲ·С
ڼſһЩͶߣһ̣һס˶Է֡
ǷǶ㣡
㣬ܿˣ
СܿˣͬһܴߣϺʣһƤš
ˡ
æ˴ӣһ뼦˳
С̻ʳԺ󣬽𻰡
С޸һı˵ʱĶ
֪񶾣û뵽ǽðôһط
ȥĵط϶ܾ˴ĥ֪ٵʹ಻˵
ȴڳСǵĸף⹫׬ĲƸ
ãа취һҪѴһҪ˲ȥˣ浣Щ˲Ź㡣
󷼵һ˹մģԺʴԸ𣿡
ڻسǣ鶪ºӣǿ϶ܻ˿϶ûǺأ




40.  40 Ҷ   С߱

С߱󷼻΢һ, ԺԺѣ˷ǳ, ƤֲڣӼݡ
ϵ·ǲһһ, Ŷ촩ˡ
óС֪Ժ, ûðһ·, һЩ涼άֲȥˡ
Լһ·, Сϡ
һ, ֻάס, ܽϡ
Сûƴǣ·ӹȥˡ
ԺҲѹСһ¡
Сȥ¥Ƿǳ˷ܵġ
üܵĸ׺Ӱ, ԳŨҵȤ
һ, ֪󷼵ĺ, СΪ, ͳ, ϧ˫ֿտ, ʲôûС
Сֻܵ, , ȶϰ׬Ǯ, ̸óԵġ
̣ǲҪֻҪ̺úõġ
⻰С̲סԽˡ
ڶһ, 󷼰Сȥ˽ǣֱӸһ𣬵ӭ¥ȥ
󷼵ȣ֪С󷼵Ķ㣬˶Сƣе鷳ǣӭ¥ûס޵ĵطķ̫Զˣգ󷼾Сһӡ
ڵ˸ˣʶ䣬պڸ˳ⷿӣ˸˹ȥ
ķһͲ¥С䣬һȴҪԪǮ൱ڹʵ֮һˣûжԥǰѷ
ְæ˱֮࣬ҲСúˡ
ȰúԺ󣬽ȥֵʤܣʤܸպ°ˣ˷ֱ꣬һξһ𣬱༤
󷼴ȥһ˳һߣȥ
æЩԺҲҪȥµĵˡ
°ԺӣֻСһŴ峤ϱ˻ȥˡ
󷼵ĵ磬ͦãգ羹Ƶģϸˡ
ĺļʲôģҲֲˣٹ죬Ҫʱæˡ
󷼱ڶտʼµֲ߲ˡ
ʱ򣬹ɩӵܹ󷼵ͬ־ȥҵ￲ɡ
Ҽҵ￲զˣ
ȥߵɳؿ֪ˡ
ôһ仰תͷɩӵ˾ˡ
󷼿ٵĳŶߵɳȥȿɳϵ̲ס
ֻ￲ҵ˼ֱӰ￲ûˣ൱ص˼ңֱӰ󷼼˲֡
꣬Ƿֲĵһꡣ
滧˼ÿ󷼼һ飬һһȥֻһ챻ռ
ʵ۸ˡ
󷼻ȥһ¹ɩӣɩӵӼڵģҼ쿴ųͷһֱǿɾڣ˵һ䣬˼ҸǼƣǺ޲һĵڳǼҵģ
֪ǹġ
˾۸ԼһŮףҪռԼء
˵һ·캩ӼҵϱҲ󷼰ȥɽϵľͷɣǰ죬ҿľͷҵɽ⣬˵ҵľͷҲû˵ʲô
ֵصʱ򣬰Ұ˶˲ɽ뵽ɽǰӣƲģǶԼҿʼʹˡ
ΪʲôʵԵвȴӦˡ
̵һ￲صȻֵ˶٣ǣҪֳһ۸̬
ɽϵĲĿŵʲôʲôģʱʱȥ͵󷼵Ĳ⹻Ӧ˵ġ
֪϶ܷԼҵĵأ͵Լҵľ񣬿һʱᣬû취
ڴȡ磬ʼȥȥˡ
ڵæ˰죬һĵغôֺˣֵ̫ǺӣȻؼȥˣ󷼸պҪظϵʱڲԶȻһĽ
أ
һСŮļЩ죬һĴʶŲԶȥ
ȿȥʱǡÿһץסһСŮҪСŮĿӡ
βö࿴֪ʲôˡ
Ǹ
˲Ǳˣ󷼵ϳˡ츻
һȥ츻ǱһǹϵȣʱҲͺˣ˾ˣһעûоˣŮ顣
Ǳ츻۸ŮҲʶģĸ׻سǣµСŮ椡
֮ǰ󷼸˶һϢ椳ӣ⺢ǸǶģͷȥɽϲҰ͸󷼡
ʱ󷼹˲ñģһ³ȥѺӷſ
츻ڿԺ󣬲ſ椣¶һЦݣǣ˵һų˵ӽˣȻͷ㻹ܼܲ޸һų
ԽԽӿУֻҪ󷼻ˣ󷼿϶˵ȥ
ϾҪ˵ȥˣųɷ϶Ҫˡ
ݺݵһŰߵڵϣһתһ¾ͳ˹
ǣӺ˵ýӵƨ㾹Ҿܾӣ죬͹ԹԸ£
˵Ż˵ĵĸߴ󣬾ҳ˹
ﺮлӶǵģһ³˵ӻӶȥ
Ϊ󷼲Ҷӣһӿȥ׼һҽһ̣츻Ĳ棬ͱһ⵶Ҫһ㣬ֱӾͱᱻֱӿ
ʹ¼Ķҿӣӿ𣿡
ĵٸҹҾͿ㣡ɷųҰ㿳󣬴һ鶼ûУ㣬Ľգķͷˡ
סһ³Ҫģ츻Щˡ
һ̣һŤͷתܡ
츻ڴǴųģǰ޾Ǳģ˴ԺһͷûУʶΪŮˣҲŮˣȴ뵽ᱻ󷼿ôһӣ
סѪļһ³Զȥ
ȷܵˣæȥ鿴椡
椣զˣ
ӵĿӱѵ˴룬ϵ˺ۣѲ֪ǱȢϱģǱ츻ġ
أӣӣ¡Һú°
㰲ȫˣӣ£˱ˡ
̫ˣӲϲСŵòҰףӱʱԽԵúӿˡ
󷼰Ѻӱıźȥ
Ժ䵥ˣŸɻǵøһ𡣡
ллӣ
Ȼӻ֪ʲôнᷢʲôܸ϶ǲõ顣
촽ӣҪɻҰɻɡ
⺢ɻء
뵽ֲʲô顣
ӣզûȥѧ
Ұֺ̣ﶼȥѧҸɻ
󷼲֪˵ʲôˣֻӵͷ
ȰѺӷŵӣ󷼰ѺֱӴ˴峤ľ˵˳
ȴ峤⻰ɫˡ
Ǹҡ
峤ܰ͵𣿡
峤̾Ϣȷ԰ȥ֣ǣΪûйʵؼͳˡԺԽĲҪ椻Ǹأֲӣֻµʱ򣬳ԿĻǺӡ
⻰սȭͷ
峤Ǿˣ˵ȥˣöԺӲãǶ࿴һӣúӾС
ҲУϾȥǴҲ
ʱˣüأû˺Ϣˡ
أȻϢˡ
ôһˣֻһͷǾǰ˸͵ȥ
ֻаôһ͵ڼȹʢܱ꣬Ůܵ˺
ڴ峤˵Ժ󷼾Ͱ椷ȥȥˡ
⺢ȫ˺ƤģȢϱѾϺӣԽ椸ʲôƵģ⣬ᶾ椡
󷼰椴ӳһ龫
椵лĬĬĺ龫
Ⱥ龫ӵӣȻȥɻˣȻҰһҪˡ
÷ۣ椣ӹæɻԸ𣿡
⻰۾һ±ģӸɻȻԸ⣬ÿζܳԵζʳﲻ˵Ӷرã̲סҪ
ððԸӸɻˡ
󷼾͵Ǿһȥ˵һ£ԺͰÿһЩιιһ¸ԪǮ
󷼴ιѼպҪݣȻ̷˰æҪ˸ݵģ̷˼ҲмѼҪչˣ󷼻Ԫһ뺢ӸɻһֺӵļֵҲ˺Ӷ㿪ĵطǱչ˺ˡ
ллӣһúøɻ
ֵ椣𣿡
椵ҵȻˣѧ֣ԺҲȥ
󷼵飬ѧӽģÿȥѧѧԺݡ
ӣ⡭⡭Ǻã
󷼵ӽأ㳤ˣԻѧѸӡ
ͷһǮӡ
󷼺椾ô˵ˡ
ȥ˵顣
ҹȥʱϱԷأϱϴˣžҪˣȻܵǰֻ¾ͺǰŮβ
󷼣ĵӴҵ˭ⲻǴĴⲻسȥզǴӣ
󷼴Ŵ峤ϱɩӣ֧ݣñʳøɻһʽûô˶ʼɡ
Щ˶ʼҲ˵Ͼ峤֧飬ǿɲҵ
أΪŪҲΪһųٲҶʲôˡ
ǣⲻ˶ʼ֮
󷼺û˵ЦӯӯĵҹҴ椰æݣ𣿡
⻰۾һǮ
͸ֻƣ˭һһԪ塣
У̫ˣԪ
󷼹Ϊѵĵаɡҿ治㰡ɵҴÿһݰ
УУǿ϶û⡣
һ¶ԪǮĻҲܸˣɵӲŲӦء
Ҫ֪˼ңǴ꣬ɶûøء
ϱԾռıˣҲ˳
תҪ뿪ʱ򣬻ĵһѲ̨
˵Ĳ̨ǲģ÷ۣûؼҵĻܳһˡ
˵ˣ椸˵ļ⺢Ӹ߸˵ĵӣҸܵܺó׸ɡ
ð
⺢Ӷ¶һ˿Цݣʼ
죬̫
۵ͯ÷Ķ⺢ӵɤرãĸ飬ⲻ˱ĸȾһ߲ʵ硣
û뵽ӵĸȻĶ
Ⱥӳһԣ󱦶̲ס֡
椽㳪ء
ϲ椽ˡ
¶ɬЦ
ȻѾѧ˺üˣ󷼻椣˴Сѧʦļ椽һԪǮѧѣҲ쵽Сѧ꼶鼮
뿪ǰѧ
Ѻӵ鴦ԺǸҺӼˣɫȴЩÿ
Ǹңϡ
ˣҶʼˣҲʱӦðˡ
뵽Խþˡ
죬ల¡
ĩʱ󷼼ˣδɽؼˣʤܺСҲˡ
˶һȺһ磬ȥũ
ĵظպöŸء
æһ죬󷼵ĵؾ͸ֵòˣҪǰ漸Ѿֲ˲ٵˡ
æָ꣬պûص£СϪպˮˣεĺˮΪŪԣһȥϪץϺ
Ȼˣںδɽֻ˵ǣ˵ҪӣδɽѵڼңúδɽڼҰæӡ
󷼰Ѻδɽڼǲδɽƻļƻ
һӳŵʱ򣬸պ˹ɩӣɩӼĺӱҲһСͰȥϪץ㡣
ȻˣץǼ٣ˮ档
ڴЩӿȥץ㣬½½˺üӸȥˮȥˡ
ȥץ㣬һֱץ󷼰ѱҲˣҲˮͰźӸ˹ȥ
󷼿ƲƲ죬Ҫľ
һȺСϪߵʱ򣬶ʼСϪѰ
˵㣬˵СϪﻹ㡣
δɽһ¾ץһ㡣
СϪһСһ󷼺Ȼһ
ѽ
զˣ
ãôˣ
һȺ˾У󷼺ȻץóʲôһԣһӾָǽָ
һӴһ£óһָ
ۣСϪб
Ⱥ˲ڣСϪˮûǡ
Ȼۿɼͼ˶СϪɳ﷭
ɩӼҵĺӵүү˵СϪиĹأЩǹĹİɣ
⻰˵ԺԽô˼ˡ
Ҷ֪СϪεĹĹ
ڷҵḶ́СʤܶһҵһһҵһǶ˺ʯĽΣһҵһ
Ҳҵһһ໨ɵ룬ѽǱأ໨Ժ󣬿ֵǮˡ
ԭһĻǹ˵ĻԵ
ԭΰı˶ȺԼϱѩѩһ棬СϪ﷢˴Ĺ棬ǸʱȺأֽһڵСϪңҵԺתͷ˳ϴһǮ
˺Ϊһزˣǿʺͷ
СϪҵСϪͷĹĹҲ˵ˣ󷼻ɾǹΰĹû֤ݡ
ûٺڵûȥĹ
Ҫ֪鼮Ҳ֪ϢȥĹģϧˣʲôûŪ
һΣ󷼴ĹĻᡣ
ֻҪȥڹĹǱȻ֮֡
ڴ˸ɵȻʱһ͵͵һԵŮ椸ǰ
󷼵椣˾˼Աߣ㲻ȥ֪ͨ˾ɵӣͷֱˣ˵㲻顣
һ⻰ΪȻ󷼶˵ʲôһ̾ͳҴܹȥ
˾ˣ˾ˣϢнָȥץˡ
Ұأ⻰Ժɶ˵һ̾ͳСϪ˹
ܹʱ򣬸պÿҵһöңǽ·Ĺâô

ۺ켫ˡ
ǿǽӰ˭Ҫأ
һϪˮʼϪˮ﷭ҡ
ϧǣҲͿʼһҵ˺棬Ϫˮʲôˡ
ڵʱ󷼴һһؼȥˣɫȴ˼ֺ⡣
СϪôεĹĹжٵĹﰡ϶ֵǡ
Щ뱲ӣͿԳҲøɻˡ
һߣ󷼴һһؼˡ
СϪ֣󷼿ڣ󱦶Ͱ˵˺δɽ
󱦶ӣһӼһһӼһ˰ݸδɽ
δɽӵԴӰѶţתͷȴţٳŶ󷼵ȳһˣһ
Уȥذ
ԽҰˡ

ϣδɽȥŻ
δɽʱ򣬴һϢȥĹץĹ
ӰӣĹѾȥȥˡ




41.  41  ŪǮҪ   ڶһ硭

ڶһ, ĹץϢʹˡ
ĹҴĴӣ⸸ͼƣȡ, ץ˸š
ͬʱ˵һĹˣĸʾ, ϢȺȥٱн
Ϣһ, ĴӶˡ
ҴҴмһĹϢ, Ҳ˳ȥ
רûþҴ, ʼš
, ˶ȥ, Χػ˼۾ɢˣǱץ츻Ķ, ԼߵĵĹ, ۷׷ס
Ҵ, ˫һȳһյĳŵ, Ŵűץ츻, ɫ÷ѿ
һȳһյ, ֺǺǵĵ, Ӵ, զˣôȶˤˣǲȥĹȥˣ
⻰˵ɫ, ɲǵľһƬԺ󣬶ݺݵĵ, ҲûСٺ˵Ӳˡ
˵껰Ťͷߡ
ıӰȴЩŵģ
ƲƲ죬Ҳ˵˵𣿳ޣĪǻȥĹȥˣզûץȥ
һߣɫѿˡ
ûǸߵĵĹϣ֪ĹĹн鱦һ¾Ķˡ
ϣշתߣ󣬵̰ʤһУһ£ҹɫһ˳ŹĹȥ
һȥոأתͷͿƻ𴦣ץˡ
ֵͲĹâۿȥһ¾Ϳ˱ץ츻츻Ķӡ
˼һ̾ȥ
ڲԶо˺죬Ǳ߻һĹ
øˡ
ҲԵμΪϤ˻ȥҲˤȡ
ڱЦƵ˵һԺԽҳˡ
ӣɽϵӼҵصȣҲûꡣ
ˣ˫ǹ˼̫ƽӡ
ͣżֲҲɿʱֲˮʱҲˣ󷼼ˡ
Ǵ£ǰҺ˰æĩиɻ
ĩʱǲɣëëϸ꣬ʹ꣬ȴԾҪɻġ
£ɫңڳԹ緹Ժ󷼸һµزˡ
ҲҪµذæɻʵȰסֻˡ
󱦺ͶǶµˣΪµظɻأҲҪŲ󷼿һ£ҲûӣӴ£϶ҡ
ºͶҶ֯ģҺԺıϣмӣǸвסģÿվȥһЩӱ֯ңϵë֯£СҲ֯һ
ֻܲǺĻƣ󷼰˺һԣϸϸ̵ô
ӶǴӣǺܿѧˣһƣûãӾܲˡ
裬ôô۰Ҳˡ
Цӯӯĵ۵ʱ򣬴Ҳ۰ǲɻ죬Ǿûеӿոˡ
εδδͨһڵһЩģһӵ£ȥϢȥˡ
ӲΪú֪ɻ֪࣬ɻ࣬ˣ֪ļ˷ѵϰߡ
󷼲ʱؼ׼ȥˣʤܣС꣬캩ӣͷԼ̷ˣ̷˲˵ĺӣйɩӵȣȴԾڲ
󷼼˵Ҫֲá
磬׼˷ķˣڼ
̷˼ӣ̷˼ӣĶǰСˣʮӣҪ֮ǰɹֵʱȥˣ󷼸ɻҲɵģ
δɽҲڵɻһųأȴһӶûУ˻һ㣬Ƹɵģûٱ˵ɻǸܸˣиˡ
죬ɻһ㣬Ϊ˱ţ;˼ȥǰɻˣһ룬һȼ꣬ˮԲ
ɶǺöһȺ˸ϲˡ
ҲԽиɾˡ
磬󷼳һع⣬ɵĶҪˮһ㣬˻⣬հףŹ
ڳ椹ɵİæϴˣϴջȣˣҲСߣһϴˡ
һȺ˻ʱһʳҲ˲һƣ˶ԵöǶԲ
ʵˣʹ꣬Ҳṵ̂ͼݵģϢָµزˡ
ڶһЩôˣ˸ʱ򣬵Ǹɵÿ˲٣һƸ󷼵ôֲˣҲһ
ͷҲѯ⼸ҼĵˣҪ϶ȥæµظɻġ
⼸ҵļﶼ˿ڶ࣬ڼǰ͸ˣˣʡ󷼵
󣬵ֲָҲ˳ҰﵽðҰˣÿ°󷼶̲ס˺ˡ
Ȼͺһ㣬¿úҪģڵҰʵۣζʱأһҼڶͦҰ˵ġ
ѹӢȲݣˣ֮࣬ԶɽÿһԭɬѳԵ߲ˣھ󷼵Ժ󣬶ѵõζ
ڲɼҰ˵ʱ뵽µ׬Ǯ·պõ˷ڵʱ򣬴ҶпգǿԳû׬һ㻨Ǯ
ǰһһԺ󣬵ڶһ磬պ˾Լõأģһٽɹȥһ
ſ۵ǵĿˮˣӴԹڴˣ紺Ҳóˣڵζʱء
۰ǳ⣬裬ȣѵõζ
Ǯһﰡ
תһ£һëɽֵǮۡ
ëҪҪҪգȥ񡣡
ɽ
۵Ĵ񾭹·ӣ͵ĳȥǼǮһ·е׬ء
ϧһ㣬ôһ
ⴺжжչ٣
ϵ췢ȥ˸Ұȥ
Һҵˣжն٣ôһǧϣܹŪǧá
С
󷼵˹ϵõļ˵˴飬£ÿ˼ﶼǴͥ˿ڶأҲ࣬Ƕ֪ͨԼѣɽɴȥˡ
ٵɽأԶһĵطвٵĻɽ֮ɼܲɲٵ
һ˲ɼһٽҲ׬˶ʮԪǮһʺˡ
Ҳˣ˵ĸɾɴˡ
ʤܣСҲ˲ɴĶ飬ֻҪɳǾǮɸһٽǾһ¶һˣ˻سԺǺһɶʱ׬ǮĻᣬ󷼼ﱳһ¨һɽ
峤ҲϱͶŮһɽˣǼ˿ڶ࣬Ŀвٵ롣
С椣֪׬ǮԺҲѯܸܲŹȥ֪ԸŹȥҲű¨ȥ
ʱˣľʮ㣬ûôḻǶǶڷŬѴ̴ԿҲΪԤݴ߳ϵȣȿһССȥ
дƬĴðͷм֮࣬ϸϸСС񣬼֮࣬׳֮࣬¹ʲôһȺ˽ȥ֣ǼϾͲɡ
ʱҲܼݥǺöݥкܺõӪֵʱûб䣬ʱΪ˱ʳͷݥȥһζҲʳõõı
ʵڻһѵõζë
ڵԺһѲȥضҵɵëˣ˼ëζˡ
󱦶أʹŲɼ˲ٵݥ
˻ؼҵʱɫѾˣǴŻѻؼҵġ
ȴĿġ
󷼴һ𣬲ʮģһԣʤܣС꣬ɼ˲һٽ
̷ˣ̷ˣ峤ɩ֮ˡ
Ǽ˿ڶ࣬ÿ˶ı¨
̷˼ɵ̫ˣãŵɽ
˵ڶո˾ֳŽɽˣﶼ˴أɽһ񣬵ڲŻؼȥ
賿ˣİ׷ãȥɽϳԡ
СǸµģæ
ⶡɵȣ׷һӣϹ죬ٵһϹϱ
Ű±õļ㹽֮һڷڲְӸǺãһ˼ҴҵĳԺ緹ͽɽˡ
緹ǳԵĭףһ˼һٴһɫˣζ
ԱɽˣڣѾˣһȺҴҵĽɽˡ
ϵʱ򣬴ﶼͷʮ㣬ȵ磬Ҳʼƣˣʱ򣬴ҵ˼ϵĵص㣬ʼóԼ׼ĸ緹ˡ

Щ󷼼ĸôĽ
Ա󷼼ķӺ±±㹽֮࣬˼Ҿ˼Ÿɱӣ⣬Ѿѵõζˡ
ﲻ˼һԲ棬ÿ춼ǳ԰棬Ը֮Ĵȥ൱ɤӣžûθڣΪӣǻóԡ
һһ˳һţһ±һЩ±㹽Ϲϱȣٺ˺«ŵ¿ˮĵֻˡ
ȳԱˣĲɼĻֿʼˡ
ͣ㣬һȺ˼ҴҵĲȻƣ룬Ҳиͷ
˰ĿյأͶ񣬶ЩҪ˻شӣڶһ͵ȥ
ϵɫȫ͸ǰ˰Ѳɼȫ˻˼ʱ۵һϢ̧һֱ۶ƣˡ
֧źСһһһϴһ£ͷ˯ˡ
˵ڶ죬峤ŪԼװãײģְѸҵ˼ǺţźƺƵȥϡ
󷼵ϵʱ͵ˣһĵ˵ͷڿʼưɡ
˳ӣÿҵ񶼵Ǽڲᣬеóͳƣǧ
Ӻ󣬱ǷǮˣõǮɲǣ˶¶˲õЦ
һһٰʮ׬ʮԪǮǮ˵࣬ǵ˷ĲõģмЦݣҲ¶Ц
պԺųӾˣǮȴȥϹȥˡ
ʤһɼٶʮԪǮǮԺ󣬶˵ʹߵһԣ䣬ߣ˾˽ͣԺõȥ
ˣҪİ
УУû⣬ڿǮء
˵Ż߸˴ӣȥϵĵȥˡ
СóǮʮԪǮȰѽ󷼵Ǯˡ
ûƴǣֱˡ
ʹ׽ãҲҪ˲УȻַ
˻ؼȥʱ򣬸պлѷżӣϡ
лѷ󷼣¶Цݣӣզûô㣿ǻȥ𣿡
󷼶лѷǸмģȻлѷļӣлѷѶԴǰǻȥˡ˴кԺлѷؼȥ
һԣ󷼵лѷͬ־һ¡
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˵ŻСӡ
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ģڹͺ֮䣬Զ޷ҵһƽ
ʱӱƷƷˣллȻסлС˵СˣҪְ֪ûйܺǣⶼҵĴҪôǣܰǹܺã
ѵȥĳӵıƣȥ˿ţ˸ʱ䣬ܿ𣿡
лѷӾרҵʵѾˣ֮ǰһĿôԼϣо֧Ϊ˺ӣֵ˹֣ץ˰참Ҳϲġ
Ϊ˽̺úӣֻȥĳӵıĻʹࡣ
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Ҫ֪ЩսתҵԺֱӻֵأʲôûС
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ӸлС˵ְ֣ȥˣȥñɣȥʱˣҲȥñˣҲȥñԷȥˡ
֣㲻һֱֻΪԼҲҪΪǿǰ
ְ֣ԺҪǸϣĻȻԺҲϡ
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˵ñҲǹӪñܺ͹ֱ
ɼӿ֣һ˽һкӶԸųˣȻͷżӿֵ÷ƣɴඪǮתȥˡ
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ʱ֪Ǯˬ죬ڱϵ̣ҲԽԽ˳ˡ
ĸӼлѷˣǮɾᣬ˿лѷ׬Ǯ࣬˸лС˳ȥȥˡ
ǵģԺСѾ͵͵ʳˡ
ƤۻһһȥˣԸŵ˼ζˡ
극ȥǹģڸĽĿ£ؼȥˡ
ллǮѣΪüһڵġ
ԼǮĸСǿ϶ˣİ棬ףۣлѷÿؼҵġ
лС˸
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ûǮԺлС˶ӶɽУѸھӶˡ
ŵȥʽ飬˼ҿǰֱӾͰѷŹˣôжţлСԽ˸ˡ
סأǲ֪ϷЩ顣
ȶȥϰȥԺƹ磬СӵȣԺֲˡ
һƹϴ˸ӣŵٹһЩӣƹϿʼԺԺӻòһġ
Ȼü˳Եĺһ㣬Ҳÿ춼⣬̫ۻ˶ʼɵģһЩ⽣ֻҪˮС
˷㣬лС˻ˡ
ӣӣ𣿡
󷼸ᣬֻúӺٳԷ
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ȻˣԼҲ±ģͲϲɻֻ뵽˼Է
󷼰Ѽ⽳ְ꣬ޱԺŴˡ
лѷԺӶԱȣ󷼼ԺӸɾ࣬ĸӿһۣлС˴ͷӣԷ𣿡
ǳԹˡ
ǼҳԵʲô
ͳһ񡣡
һԣлСһܽȥܿͿ󷼵Ĳϣȷֻв
ӣǼզ԰
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ҡͷְԺŹˡ
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ڶǹգѧϰࡣ
ϼҴҳţһڼǸڿˣѼĵɨɾ࣬ų
µĲҪһ£ȥϰ࣬͵͵ﵽ£ʼݡ
ĵÿһ㣬ںӷѧٻϡ
Ҫĩص£֪˵Ϊ
ж֮࣬˼䣬ںԺǿͬһµľ

һߣ˾ٴλصСˣںϵԺΣԾɸʱ䣬ȥɴ
ͦԴģ죬˲ݲ̳˺üӵĴźˣŻҪչȻΣҵʵ̫ˣܹһǮ⣬²һҲá
β캩һңͷһңҲѯˣҲЩȥ񣬲Ѽ۸˵ˡ
æ˵ĴӦ
һҲҪȥڸ˵һԺҲûܾ
Ψһܾ˼ңһӡ
˿˼ҶŲɼǼȴֻܿţǶʼɵ˼㣬ǣȴʲô˵
·Ӽʱӿ󷼵񣬶˶ҩһ
Цֻǿʼѣıˣǿ϶һֶռݡ
βԺ󣬴˼ҶԴһԽͺͰ
˴εÿҶ׬ϰԪǮֵϴһˣɰѴ˸ֻˡ
ü÷󷼺ȥԷƴǲֻܴ˺ӹȥ˺üٷˡ
˵Ӵ󷼰Ժĺ£ɲǰ
ҿ϶ǴҵģԼˣôҲչԼˡ
⻰ˡ
󷼵ԵҲԽĺˡ
ȻˣҲ˵ġ
ȷӺ죿
ʲô˲𣿲˶˼ҶӿǳĴأȻͷҼҲ·ȥ
ӴӣǵǼҵ·˵ɡ
ɫһ粻ײ˵ʲôˡ
Ǽķգǲֵӡ
ǮΰѹߣֵصӶϣգӺƤȥҴ磬ɩӣŰŽĵֲˡ
ڵʱǼûʹĤׯڶ٣粹ϣȻյճɿ϶ãûǮһӼתգҰ˼ٴԺ󣬺ô͵һЩ磬ѵˡ
ȻǺˡ
һһܿ죬ͲܳˣʱµĻҲʢˡ
󷼿Ų˵۵㶹ǣҲ˱뷨
ոӣһЩ۵㶹ǳԸʣҲļǮ
󷼵ȥѯһš
ͷҪ㶹ˣÿҪ࣬ΪԤ㶹õˡ
󷼼㶹ǲ࣬Ϣ̷ˣ̷ˣԼϵõ˼ң⼸˼Ұ㶹˲֣ȥתͷſȥ˳һһȥǰ۵㶹ҲŴ˹ϵ
˼ңֶһӪ
ʱ󷼣źĻɽ⣬ʱаɽˡ
磬ȥʹ峤˵ԼҪаɽ飬峤ʹӦ
ȻǻɽҪһǮģգ󷼳аʮĻɽĽ
һ԰ѳаɽǮˣһԪǮ
룬ڲǨǰľ㹽Ҳֳˡ
ֳľ㹽󷼲ûаһɽȫֳ
Ϊ׬ǮǺƴˣĩȥسȥˡ
ϧʱļ鼮࣬󷼲ûҵ׵鼮
󣬻ǣߣҵһũԺĽڣˡ
˵ԼĴŹԺũԺԺ˲õĽ飬ָһֳľ㹽֮鼮
ǧл뿪ˡ
ߵ·ϣ󷼲ɶ㣬ҪҪаɽľ㹽ҸопΪ
ҡͷҲǴӵģ𣿡
󷼵˿ܲУ϶ԣΪ˸һ·ũаһɽʵɽΪ񣬴һл㶼ء
ھźͱķǮ鼷ңǲڼģ⻰ȻԼĽڣʹӦ
󷼻صӣ峤˵ˡ
峤֪ıֳ֪ɹˣ԰æ·ܶһǮʹӦ
󣬴峤ˣٴҰԼҵɽľͷһֳ㹽ľ
ڶֲˣ˶Լ⣬ֲׯҪûԸľ㹽
󣬻Ǵ峤˸һֳľ㹽ˣԼҵɽϣҲŪ˸õľͷ֮࣬׼ֳ




42.  42 С͵ץ   ֳ㹽Ҫġ

ֳ㹽ҪĸľҪһĸľ, ľ֮ģ󷼽ʱпվȥʰϵĸľ, ȰֳĢĻ׼ˣٰԭֽϡ
㹽ɣһҪ, 󷼹һʱ䣬ʮµʱջ
, ˶ѧϰ, ʼֲ, 󷼺аɽͷ
󷼳³аĻɽ, ֲɽͷ, Ҳֲ㹽ľ
̷˺̷ңҲһֲ㹽ˣɽĸľҪǮɽͷҲûô, һֳ㹽, һ㹽, ǿܺݺ׬һʵİ, ׬, ˻ѵ, Ҳʲô
ڴ, 峤, ɩ, Լ˵֮࣬Ҳһֲ㹽ˣ˼, 캩ӣͷ֮ģҲֲ㹽ˡ
ֲ㹽һ£峤ѯʹ󷼣Ƿͬӵֲ㹽飬󷼿϶ţֻԸֲȻԵġ
ʱչԴм׬һʲۡ
ȴ峤ȥѯʵʱӵ˵ҪһǮ㹽֣˲˵ֲˡ
⸽û˭ֲ㹽أǸֲ㹽
ĢֶԼģ⻹ֲ
ɱǼһԩǮˡ
Ǽҵľ峤Ҳǿˡ
Ӽﻹ˼ҲԸֲ㹽Щˣ峤ҲǿϾЩ׬Ǯˣ϶ۺġ
ʱ򣬶ô峤˵ʲôǾ͸ֲˡ
֮ԺһаɽͷԼһҵĶŮ䣬һΣ񱩸ҵеĻ᲻ıˣ
ûмǴ죬ǸʱӸպøȷ˲ǨʲǨ񻹻
һ˵ûߵ·Ӧöġ
ʵԱȴʱУһ֪ʵô벻ͨѡǮŮ˽顣
ǮԸ͵С˵־ģʹ˼ʱе·ḡŲ˾ô˼ָС˵־ʡ
ŪһУ󷼺ͻȥˣҪس
ıӰ촽ʲôû˵
󷼿óǺܰģȻôı΢Ǹͥɵӣֵòֵãÿ˼ҵ뷨ˡ
󷼳ż߹ȥʱлС˴лҼӣΧ󷼣лСһ̵ܿˣ󷼲ĿһۣҲû롣
صŴ󱦶ȥ޹ȥˣæ³ȥ
÷˵ʱ򣬴󱦶ҲˣӣȻһá
˭ҲĶҼҵļ͵ˣɱǧ⣬ҵµĸզͱĸ͵أ
˺ܾãһֱ֡
ǰһ˼ҵļ͵ֻ˵µĸÿ춼ֻء
ؼԺΰܺôС͵
ҡͷ֪أҲ֪ӡ
ֻ͵ֻûжʧ̫Ĳߵ˼á䣬Ҳˡ
ʱת۵ĩ󷼺͵ż˻ˡ
δɽʱ򣬴һֻҰһֻҰǵһ˶¶Цĩпڷˡ
⣬Ģõȣ̵ζӶ̲סˮ
ʱʤܺСҲˣ˸ո°ͼҴҵ˳󷼼
üںСǱϵˣ˶ʱ䣬ü˴绰ȥСǱߵĴ֧鴦׼Сͨ绰
˵СԺ󣬵һκСͨ绰
ȳԹ˾ȥҽԺ绰ȥˡ
绰ͨԺ󣬺ܿ죬ͽ
ιǴ?С绰Щˡ
绰棬һɳƵСңǴ㡣
㣬㣬ߺզ㻹𣿡
ҶãģҺúõء
⵱Ȼǰο˵Ļ󷼲ţǸƶĵط֪СҲš
Сֻ˿ҪᣬԵ绰Ƕ˵С㣬˹ϵҵһݹŴǱߵģˣҲˣҲڽǣ㣬㡭Ҫ˵ֻ֪Ҫˣܻسˣ㣬㡭ҪҪ
绰ǱߵС⻰ȴһ³Ĭˡ
ʵﲻأ
Ǹƶĵطúڵһûһ̲سǵġ
Ļӿ϶ģˣӿզ죿
СҲ뿪ҵĺӵģãܣǱΪ취ˣҼȻӣҿ϶ҪǣҲܵǡ
С֪ǸطǶô࣬Ҳ֪Ǹǡɷ򡱵ˣǶôĶ񶾺˽
˳ԺȣܻȹԼźӶǲƲʹӣΪ棬ʱź
ûںӸǰţ治֪ҪܵʲôĴĥ
طĴı̫ˣҲݵþʣƤǡ
кõ㣬ҪкڽӴϣײŰŮͲˣŮǼͥĲƲΪͥ׬ǮĹߡ
ӹȥͿŮˡ
ᣬȻĿŵŮǣ˿ġͷ
ȷףȷޡ
ֻҪзܸǮʳǸ˲֪ٶ񶾵
󷼵֪Ĵ㣬϶ѡģﻹѹѡ
󷼽ӹ绰㣬Ҳˣأ˫ӣڶˡ
ããͦõģǶҪúõİ
С˵ֻҪܹˡ
ֺС˵һ´سǵϢֵܽõ˵լﴦҪȥˣ˵ĸˡ
󷼵˵ˣ⹫˵ķӣǿһԺأʱֵܽˣһ˷һ䷿
⻰һ˵õ绰ǱߵСԽĸˡ
ǸطţӳΪǣлȥһ
ȵ绰ҶϵʱǿջЦļˣһʱ
ȥ·ϣ󷼵ÿ¸һʳƷɡ
áҳһǮ
ҲһǮ
Ǿÿÿ³ԪǮʸĳȥ
һ˾ô˵ˡ
ÿ¸ĳȥһЩʣǼ˵θڣǼб˿ռҶСʲô񶾵
ڶ죬󷼺СȥһӰ棬һǣ·ֱӼĳȥˣ·ȻʲôϣɫҲǺô¶壬ά˵ϡ
һߣСӴ֧߳ȥԺ󣬾ͱˡ
һڴ˾Ӹ¿С꣬ݺݵĵǣûûУˣУȻӴ㡣
Сݺݵ̧ͷҰˣھʹھͰҴ
⻰ӶȭͷҪС꣬Сȴһˣ÷Ǹųʶ־ֳֳ÷սѣҶþǱýߵģҪңȻͷͱȥǹУҪҼң´δ绰Ҿ͸÷˵ҡ
ЩƶĵطĴǷǳ¼ٵģСǸ٣Щɪˣ˼ʶߵĹ־ֳǸǲҶˡ
գ˶ݺݵĶСꡰޡһŤͷˡ
˲ɵȿСνˣ׹ܲĹȻҶСٶ֡
С˲ǽ϶ݺݵİС궾Ű
ЩǱܿСһ֪ôĽţ˵һõģڲˡ
ȻС֪һֻʱġ
ϣȻСˣȴԾûзŹСꡣ
ӸϵһԵС˯ӴҴһ£ɪɪӾͻᱻ˶һ١
СúõӺúõ˯ӵĺ£ȻӴǣ
˵Żѷš顱һ¹ˡ
ŹԺ˲ûע⵽ߺ޵ݡ
ȷϿ˵ıӰˣкǸ˿϶ȥȥˡ
һ죬ҪǸˣҲ۸ǡ
Сӵļ䶼ǻɫġ
ӵ׾ǼĶħ裬ǣǵʳԡ
ĸףʧöð
Ҳû˻۸ˡ
ͯ꣬ҪһеˣûеõʵĿԺ󣬾ͱһеĶħ
Сӵһߣ߳СķԺڳС꣬š
˵ļмֵܣ⼸ֵܶ¶Цݣ磬úõĹܹŮˣŮ˰͵úúõĹţҪǲţһӾͻٵˡ
磬㲻ǶܲðɣҪҪֵǰ㰡˵Ż¶Цݡ
Цһӹӽϴչ۷磡
Ӵ磬ǿɾ͵ˡ
˵Ż¶ϷģĽʼɵɫ
һӵˣҲϴûǮȢһĻƻŮǼ䶼СˣҲȢϱϴֻĽķݡ
ʱСֱӽݣ顱һ¹ľţһ¾ͳС˹ȥ
ҵĽ
ʱСʹ뵽˲оͺˡ
СĸǸӣĳӣǶһЩҩģϧСûǮʲôֻܾţͬһʬһ۸
ĵط˺ӣκεϣ
ԺʵԱˡ
ڴ֧ſڣСͬ־Сͬ־ٶչҺŵ
Сպø˻أȵæ֧ſڡ
֧ſڣʵԱ߹ĺüŮ˭Сꣿ
ƶĴӣƽʱûʵԱٴ˶ˡ
ҡСꡣ
ʵԱĹҺţպˡ
ãõġ
ʵԱ˱ʣСǩ֣Сǩ֣ѿݵù
һԣ˺ĵӴС꣬˭ĹҺŵӰǸɶⰡ
ҶúͶҼĶſݵӣȥϵʾȡ
⻰һ˶ɴ۾
ӴҼİĹһЩɶ⣿
Сƽһӵʳ
Ӵιһʳҿ湻õġ
һԣСҲ˹Ȼ˸Сĳһʳ۾ɴˡ
Ҫ֪طƶ񤣬һʳһֱԵģطʳǺö
˿ˣ͵ƲӣСܸɰʳء
˵ţ÷򣬻Ǹųأ˸˸磬ɶǳԹҷġ
Ӵѹˣ⸽ϱСϢ
һ佱֮У˵ĵõ˿ǰ㣬ˡ
ȻصݣС˵Һŵҵȥȡ
УһҺһȥϡ
һӶųҰ˻ţģͶ˺ܾˡ
һʳȻ޲ؼǰ˴С뿪ӵģҲͬˡ
磬Сӣһȥϵʾ֡
ʾſݵӰѶ쵽ˡ
һӵİ棬˵۾û
Сȡһǣһץһһתͷ˾һˡ
·أΪǶͯ·˷ϣû·СһͷСŮʿ·Ҳûֻݺݵĵ´üļװ
˵Żһǽʳתͷˡ
С·ӺԼϣżҴҸˡ
Щط̫ƫƧˣɽɽʳһСģͱǳԵˡ

С·Ѿ첻ˣ·ﲻһ룬·ԼԾһš
صӣ˶˿ŵһӰ棬ȻĽѣ˼Ƕʳôһӣֹһ˳ȥһˡ
˵óһĽ
СһԵ˵ȻϵˣԺÿ¶ҼĶ
С⻰һ˵Χֵ˶һ¿˹Ľʼɺ޵ĿһԵԽĵˡ
С굱Ͷ˵·ëǮȥƣۼҺþûԾˡ
ããã
⻰ֿˣر𰮺ȾƵģûǮơ
СȥڴþƾҾƵ˼ңһƿ·ĲݴԷһ󣬲һҰ˻ؼȥˡ
ϣСһҰ˱ӣ˴żֵܺȵСͺӣһİӡ

ڼԺСü죬üҵļѼ͵ˡ
Ժ󣬴һﶼԺ˼ѼţŵСӣҲµĸѼ֮ࡣ
͵ߵģȻµļѼ
ü죬ԺᴫһƬ
͵˼̫ˣɳ͵͵˿ʼ
ܿ죬лѷŮлС˵ˣͱĿꡣ
񾯰£ǿ϶Ҫһ֤ݣлѷһ񾯽СƣСƸżһ죬󣬵лС˵˷ǽԺӣ˼ҼץϵʱС߽ȥͰѼӸץ˸š
лѷϹԼļһС͵ʱɫôĲ԰׺;
һץסлСˣûиҪʲôȥ򰡣ôȥ͵
лС˿ʼЩţܿ죬ƽ
лС˵ҪǮֲҡ
ҲŸԪǮѡ
ԪǮʲôڹӪԺһ㶼㾹ȻҪһ죿ôô̱Ҿ֪϶ǮȢϱ㲻Ǯǻ




43.  43    лС˵껰

лС˵껰ɲ, һԣһŮ˳, СлѸҺ𣿡
ˣҼ, ߲ˣԡ
Ůҡͷ, , һΪûѸҺ, ҺÿθųԷ˼, ˼߲಻, ÿεԷСлúúðѺӹܽһˣףԼҵĳԺȵʳ, Ǵ, ܲһֱ˼췹, Oûó, ͵˼ҵļѼ, Сл˵ǲǣ
һ˵, лѷɫû, ֪лС˵һֱûԼҳԷ, ȥ˼췹ԡ
ǰھ˵, ȥ˼һ췹ûóˣתͷ, ȥ͵˼ҵļѼѾС飬Ʒãʼ·ߵˡ
лѷʹģóǮб͵˼ҵļѼռ⳥ˡ
ǮĸĬĬ˻ȥ
Ȼصĸվǽǣĸӵ͵ļѼõȥˣ
ӿлСˣ˵
лѷȻһĵлСˣش⡣
лСתһ£Դˡ
Ҫǿת飬һģлѷҲˡ
лѷ˶ľˣ˹ֵľֳǿ϶һ֮ˣлС˵ΪǱ˸һ
лѷʹĵҪ𣿿˵滰Ȼͻ¡
һͻ¡ŵлС˰ɫұлѷһըֻлѷʲô֪ˣֻĲ鲻Ըİ˵˳
ҡȥˡ
ˣ˭ˣ˶ǮǮȥ
ڶߵĺģһԪǮһǮԺҴŵܵȥӪԷȥˡ
лѷɫѿ˼£û뵽Ӿôĵ⺢ӲŰ갡Ȼ֪͵ȥˡ
лѷҲ꣬ڻ֪öǮлѷԿ϶һеⶼлС˵ˡ
Ǯˣ
ûûС
˵ŻлС˰ʣµǮ˳
лС˻ǮִŵģﻹʣԪǮлѷЩǮȫûˡ
лѷŽʡһЩǮĸҪԺǮĵط̫ˣҺӼԼķлѷͬ˲뱣ķȫû뵽ӻڿķ
ٻ飿
˿ĸĺӣ¶˲Ц
Ǳȥ˼ˡ
лѷĸӣϣǾͱԷˣվŷʡȷʡˣٺҺú˵˵Ǵ
˵껰һתͷֱӽȥˡ
Ժһڵϣоĳһ̣ӲԺզ죿
лСһŮְˣԽùܽˡ
лѷ޷ǳ֮С
ȻͷֵߵҲ˵˼Ժ飬ֱ˹лѷ̸
Сл˵㣬ɲаȥȥˣ󷽣û˸ѿؿɲС
лѷ̾Ϣǰ㣬ҲأܰҸķ𣿡
⻰ҡͷСлұķɶãΪɶҸŮչ˼
лѷһ˲ţӹͦã޸ӵĺ裬ҲдѵδԸ޸
лѷγûҸչͺӵǣ˼ҡ
Ͱʵ뷨˵ˣ㣬һҵĺǰܵŰҲٷһΣҲǲ۱ˣչĸӺҲ㷢ˣӣ˵һڷô򵥣ҵ˼ҹ޸ܵίҹ
ǳˣ϶Ҫ˵ס
⻰Խ߿лѷһۣİ壬Слƾôһ仰ģҸҸŮˣúչ˺ӣûк֮ȥǰҵŮˣûŮˣģȴҸŮˣӰòͷ
תͷֵȥæȥˡ
ÿճ˵˼ȥй䣬ĸҳûʲôҪĻǽֵԱҲǸһ£֮Լ˽ǵĸԴǰ˵Ը
㿴Ӳѧʲôûܹء
ҵ̵ӵˣĳء
һ·һ·Ÿлѷ˭ʵʱ򣬱˵ҵһѡ
뵽ڶȺ˼ҹ˵˵˼ҹͬ⣬ͰŹлѷ档
Ȼˣлѷʱ֪Ѿ׼ˡ
Чʺܿ죬ڶһ磬˼ҹļ˹˵лѷ
ֽٷңһʮ˼ڶʮƽ׵ӣԴسûٷҵλãٷӹ÷ǳࡣ
ٷҵļһ˴ĸĸŴɩĺӾסһߣһ´
һ㴲סٷҵĴɩڶס˶ɩ㣬סٷҡ
ԴٷһؼٷҵĸɩŴŻٷңճлƶٷģڼһڷѡ
ٷһصѾˣȥ°µɷ飬ŶʮĶӣŮسġ
Ȼˣ֪һֱ䲻ӿ֪ѡ
£ĸɩɩÿ춼и˸˽飬ӹ۱һٱֵҲСˣҲʮˣһûйһһ˶뿴
ԣٷҾһٱ
ĵȥһ˵ٷҶû˵ٷҵɩӺ͸ĸ͸ٷҴӦˣУУǼٷҰ϶ȥףɶлˡ
㺬ЦŵͷСлȻĸӣڿϵĹ־ֳҲһɲһҲаʮԪĹأټСлǱãǸϱأСлĸֻСģսѼҵĺӣŮһһˣ޳ȥˣٷҵʱӣӻںͷء
ȥ˵˵ˡ
ٷȻһ㣬Ǻûдӣᣬûû֣ԸɻҳҲлѷ㲻
㼱Ҵһصӣҵ֣¸лѷ˵ˡ
ɷ򸮵ǣлѷ϶ҪӵģʹӦ
ǵڶ죬ǡĩ˰˽Ĺ԰ס

һһ磬лѷûһֱ˳ӣȥ˽ǵĽĹ԰
лѷٷҵƬٷһëϯ¼лѷأһõ壬ڽĹ԰ĺ÷¹һ£ܿ죬лѷͿһз˪֮ɫŮվں÷£һĴ
лѷʱٷҵ۾ֱֱĿлѷȥʱٷһæͷȥ˼ֵɬ
лѷãܵٷͬ־𣿡
ãٷңܡܸʶ㡣
ٷͬ־ǿȥǱ𣿡
áõġ
ĸӡ
Ҳ⡣
ҡҵܵί
ûϵģҲġƸоԼЩУͷҵ˼˵ҡҶͦģҿ϶ƴĺӣᶾǵģ㡭ġ
˵⻰ʱЩţǰ¿ాӣǼݲҲûҵһݹĿǰҸ˼޵Լõĳ·
Ǹܵûһлѷôɫģȣǳ濡ΣǸɲأǮ
лѷ֪Ѷˣô˵Ͳ˵ʲô
㡭ôأ
ҡҺûйͬԣȾƴˣֱɲ
лѷ⻰ᣬ㲻˵ʲôˡ
Ȼͷһԡ
ٷͬ־ʱ䲻ˣһҪȥչ˺ӣȻȥˡ
ٷҧҧ촽˵ͷáõġ
лѷתͷˡ
ٷҵԺ¶ЩѿɫûпһһŮˣ϶ģһ·˵һЩͲʱͣ

һߣ󷼼Ҳӭ㡣
Ϊһвסİÿÿиʲôݣ϶֪һԣиسδйĸͽ㣬Ҳ֪һ
϶Цݣ󷼼󷼵ӣڲڼҰ
󷼰ѷŴ򿪣ԭˣ
ǽֵģں׶԰ʱ󷼺йӴ֪λֵΪģϲý
λʲôأ
󷼶һЩӹԣ㿴ӣץһСѣɵӴ̫ˣʵҽأ㣬Ͷûж󣿴Ҹպʶ˺ܺõ꿡ܺòĹҪ˵ףҶûж󣬴ҳҶͶ˵һλѽ
⻰һ£û뵽Ͷ˵ء
Ͷȷû󣬶ʮˣô󣬺Ӷʮˣ󷼿϶ԼȢͻݵ齨һҸļͥ
˶Ͷͬ꣬Ů˵Ļڸǵ󲻵ãǿ϶ҲŽ顣
󷼾͵㣬ǿ̫鷳ˣҶͶŻЩµʱΪһֱǻسǣҲһֱûأ㣬ǿɵðҶͶƷ˷ͥΧãһӶԸƢһЩ˼ңû۸áҼҶͶֻҪԺ󣬶ԼԼСӣֵܽõĳȥˣûи
⻰Ͷʲô
ҶڽɨӵĹҶӭ¥
⻰ˡ
ãȥȥ
ҲǸ˲ţǣֻҪġ
뿪ԺԺٴ󷼿ȥǺδɽˡ
󷼵ˣ
δɽˡӣϲ𣿡
ʲôѽ
һ̣󷼰ĸӴ򿪣һ±ϲѣδɽӵˮ
һǲݮһӣңˮ󷼰Եˮ󷼾ϲĵģ
δɽɽժġϲ𣿡
æһӣҶڵĹûдũҩģҲûĿȾֱӶҲǿԵġ
ѹӶʱһζȻŨζ̲ס۾
̫ζˡӸպ͸ˣζʱء
ϲԾͺá
˵Ż糯߽ȥ
ϧӣҺͲݮ࣬ȻĻƣǳζڣʹ˼ڣܳԵӣҺͲݮζ
δɽӣҺͲݮЩҰģפǱߵһ֣ҷֵģɣҴȥɡ
𣿡
Ȼԡ
ȥһѽʱһЩơ
С
˵ˡ
߽ӣδɽ۰ֺأ
󷼵ȥȥأǰ㳡˵飬ӿɰˣÿŰȥ
δɽһ¾Ͱ󷼴סͷķ䣬ɳƣ𣿡
һ֣һͻˣ
δɽȴһѱסȥһ
һţһǹǽϣԵأģʹ˼롣
δɽЦһ˱ſϡ
δɽ֣ġ졭ˣ
Ҷܺãһнңһǰġ
صĴϢ޷գգڴϺһڡ
δɽĴõЩˣʵڲãĶͦŴ֨֨ģֽ޷ܾ
졭졭һ㣡һ͡ˣ
δɽ˻ƵЦðѾˣҲŬ
˴ŽаȣһʱԽյ
ò˵ⷽسѵõϣûʲôȤԴӼ޸ˣÿܶڴ˻ؼˡ
գ󷼵ļҪ󣬺δɽδĽһС
δɽʰ𣿡
һĸ첲Щɬܳˡ
˸ոʰãԺ⣬ӵʹˡ
ΰĵãүүҿţүǣҳұǴ򻢵ɻ
κ磬ԭ㳤Ժ뵱Ӣѽ
СŮģżֳݣúΰԽĵˡ
ǵȻˣҳԺ󣬿϶ҪӢ۵ģʱ򰡣иӢ۴ˡ
ҳԺҲҪŮ壬ȥʱҿŮӢۣ磬ʱиŮӢˡ
С˵Żʼš
裬裬ǻˣ쿪Űǿɶˣܳһͷţ
δɽͦãСĶԻ֣ԭı飬ʹ˼ֵЦݵӴǼСӢۻˡ
ԺŴ򿪣Ӹ˵ѽǰֻˣְ֣ҿˡ
֣ˣǴӢۣ֣ҿǴүǣԺҪӢ۵ġ
үǣ
߲Ժҿ϶Ҳôߣ϶ǴӢۡ
һֺǣСƤʵղŻڹ㳡ȭҪ֤ԼǴӢء
֣䣬Բݮӣˡ
ۣвݮӣң
ӶյڣӿûгԹˮأ˲ݮӣңǶ̲סˮ
ȥ紺ʱӻһӰӵţӣһŶ䲻ĺӳһЩĶȥˡ
ʱӷ˹ȥʼڳˮ
󷼰ݣİְָģϴõģүүǳȥˣҲһŶûء
⻰һת裬֪ˡ
תͷĶүүӣңְֳӣң
ͺδɽ̲ס¶Цݡ
۰ӣǳԣǳԣˣ
ô᲻أֻѺöӡ
֣ԡ
󷼲ɷ˵ץһѹȥֻýӹȥ
һ˸߸˳ӣҡ
󷼵Ժ󣬼кóԵӦô
ӦүүԣְԣȻٳԡ
ãǼҴ󱦶Т˳иӢ۵ģˡ
һߣлѷҲһӣһؼˡ




44.  44 СŮ   лѷؼҵʱ򣬼ҡ

лѷؼҵʱ, ģʺõǣðֱ, ʳһԵľû˸ȥ
лС˴ŵܵ, ûĿлѷ, , զŻǶˣ
лѷѺӽ̺, æһӵӣù, ֺõĶĸӵ, ǣҲӣңǿ԰
ĸԵģ, Ƭ̾ƲƲ졣
ӣҳ, ǰʱ, лѷڼ, ͵͵˼ҵӣ, ͳԱˡ
ⲻٵҰ, ˼ӣ, ͵һЩӣҲᱻ˷֡
лС˵, , ˼ÿ춼⣬ͲܸŪ𣿰֣Ǻö
лѷ, ˰ɣǰָǼ弦ǽԼ
Ծɲ⣬ÿ춼𣿰֣ܲܶԣô˵İְֶܸŪ⣿
⻰˵лѷɫЩӲսǷҪúչսѵĺӵģʱֻסƢְֻŬ׬ǮԵģҲҪ
֪ˡ
лѷȸԺιʳŽ˳һļ
лѷһ㣬Ȼһʳ
лѷһؼңͺˣڱһͨԹԽĲˡ
ô벻ףôʰʮСǲأ˼ҹʮˣһһͥ
ڶ죬Ǿһķչ˺ӣڽ飬λλ˲١
лѷȻ˵ʹӦ
˺лѷദദ˵Ҳͦõģ˵ٷҸպûأϵٷķ
лѷûæӣҲ£Ըɼ񣬼Ǽһ˰æɻģٷ˵ĺܿлѷҲʹӦ
лѷһķ
ٷҵлңȿлҿԺӣһ¾ϲˣӴԺǸöã
ĺǣ϶úܺõġ
ȻֻһС򣬵Ǿ뽭ǲ̫ԶۿɱȽǱ˲٣лѷǹ־ֳС򣬿һˣҪļ޸лѷǹ־ֳķˡ
ٷҲɵлѷ÷ڿ졣
ӾԺӣʱȦøɸɾģţֿʼʰ
лѷûϴҳ극ǰ궪һԣԼȥˣлѷϸϰʰֻ꣬лС˽ĸڼҳԷҲǼˮۣÿϣõлѷɻһؼңϴ
أлѷҲۣһ˳˷ȫţֱ磬ûϴ롣
ٷұлѷ϶Ϳʼʰˡ
ǰʰɾְѳãɨأϴ·һͨʰԭƵļһ±øɾƵġ
лѷٷҰѼʰôɾӿһָжģһ
ٷвסüֿ࣬ʼϴ䲻ǴǺô˶ļֵͥô磬㳴һ˶ǣһĲͰ׵Ĵ׷
лС˴żСһȺؼң𾪡
лС˿Ůˣݺݵĵ֣˭ҵĺɣ
˵ŻĿ޵Ŀٷңٷ£ʶɪһ¡
һԣлѷæҸҵıķչǵġ
ӽŽɣ治Ǻ裿
ǡֽٷңԺǽ̡ǿǲǰѼʰָɾࣿⶼ̵Ĺ͡
лСתһ£ķǸҵˣ԰ɣԺʲôܺ԰ɣ
лѷüͷһô˵ģ̵Ǹ
˵ıʵʲôõǸģôƫˣ
˵ŻһŤͷлСתͷˡ
лСˣһ
֣ƫˣͲúչңأ֣ҵİְôˣְ֣Һ㰡
һлСȥսѣлѷﲻܣգֻסӣְ־Ϊ˺úչ㣬ҵıķСˣְһֱúչ㡣
֣Ů۸ңɵðҡ
ְֿ϶㡣
лСˣŵĵٷһۣŤͷķ䡣
ٷأʹ˭Ҳ֪ʲô
ȺӽˣһֻŵģлѷǲĲãĲãлѷͬ־ҿԸģ
лѷҡͷĺܺã̫ԣŽӴˣǻụϲԷġ
лѷĺϡ֮Уһڿˡ
ٷҷĲСļǱȽ׽ܼһķһЩ
лѷֹ۲ٷһ죬ͦأҲԺرĿˡ
һһܵѸٷңٷҰˡ
ٷҽӹǮһ¼ĿģʱĿ㿴
лѷһۣͷá
˵껰Ҵϰȥˡ
һٷһС⣬һЩ߲ˣʣµģһѵǹĿ¼
ӷѧԺ󣬼ʰøɸɾ·ϴɾãķҲұķǹҲͱȽܽٷˡ
ٷأ֪ϲԺ󣬾͸ȥƷչվ˲ٵ֪лСϲ·ԼǮлСһ·ָ϶ϲС⡣
ǣлСˣҲķû˱ˡ
лСһ濴ţҲ˺ӵģǸھӣҲ̲ס佱ٷڿܸɣ⼸ӺлѷиϾ˼ٷҴæʲôƶû


ǻеļԺ
˳;ͳһ˳żȥ
ҵʱҲûж룬ԿףֱӴ˷š
侲ĵģһûС
Щ죬ƽʱؼңÿǮ鶼ѽϷ˵˺ÿЦų棬һкģôô
ѵû
ûж룬Ьͳ¥ķȥ
ߵ¥ϵʱڷţһѹֵĴϢɫһ¾ͱˡ
ѷһƿһ̣һֱ뿴һĻ
һɷĴϣǮɷӵڴϣ˵ĸոʲôֻҪɵӣ²
ǡộôң
ϣһţȲͣҲ
̫ʧˣ˵ŻһŤͷһ¾ܳ˷䡣
Ǯ鼱еĵˣֽҵĴЩûڼңʵǼįýһ㡭
⻰ɻϽͣԽ÷ˣᣬһ˳ȥ
ǡɾʱɩӵĳӿԺ񣬿죬һؼң跢ˣھ㣬ǵøϽȥȥ
񼸺ûж룬ɩӵĳӿȥܿ첻ټ
ǮأһҲţ߻شϣ۾˽ߣ·ѵһɶһԷƵġ
СʱԺ󣬽Ժˡ
ŮˣŵðһƣһƵһߡ
Ǯ飬ôҴϣ
Ǯ¶һԺģһ˫۾ɵģ磬㲻ǵ˵˺ڣ˵ȥԼס鲻ã˵˼仰ȻǺƣһ±סңסңֱӱ˷أ磬Ҳ㣬ϲ㣬һֱϲ㣬ԸΪκ飬Ƿҵ壬ֻҪϲС
һ£Ǯֵ磬ģҲκ˵ģǾ͵ûз¡
˵Ż¶ѩ׵ƿӣٵ𴲣ڵϵ·
ִԲƤʶĿ⣬һʱĻңﷳƲѡ
ǴûҪԼӵģ¾һ¾ͷˣСǮһ֪ģƽģȻûпˡ
뵽СǮллˣԪǮȥ
˵ŻһԵĳóԪǮֱӵݸǮ顣
Ǵ㻨Ǯˡ
ǮǮȥһģĵģ磬ҵʲôˣҲҪǮ磬ǮûȥģԺһǼıķʲô˵ģ˵ģΪ㣬ʲôԸ⣬˵ֻǷҵ塣
˵Żһĵģ˳ȥ
ǳӣһЩԵãϾôһʱУò׵ŮϲԼԸΪԼһС
˼ʹϲǸŮˣǣΪԼϵˡ
οǰŮӵĳģǴСһģûڽϿһʱﲻϧԳ
СӴ壬ԭŮٻٻʱԼ׵ıӰȴ̲ס¶һɭĹâ
ǵģٻٻǮͻ׵ߣҲǽϷ˵˼
Ȼıķǿ϶չǽҵ˵ģҿɲԸһС
Ȼٻٻ׵ûǿ϶ͻȥ
ԣ˺ٻٻĿǮ黹ֱӰѺٻٻͻȥˡ
ǮѺͻȥʱ˽µ֪ûأԲˣȥչְɣˣٽ㵽
Ǯ˵ʱһ
ֱӰѺͻشӣͼҴһس˸ɻȥˡ
ܿࣿǾԲܣ
һ̱ĲзϣǸӲܡ
Ϊ˷һзϣԼȥġ
ٻٻͻԺ󣬺ӵպÿӻˣŴôĺӣҲʼˣѺӴֵߣչְ֡
ٻٻװֺŮļٻٻأ
ڳķͻˡ
ϲǲչ˰ֵģǲ᲻ðְ
ٻٻĸףĵûأ迴˹ҵˣһ쵼ˣȥ޴쵼
⻰һ¿ɫܿ춼ࡣ
ȿȡˮˮ
ٻٻɧϢȴһŤͷתܵˣܸҪˮܸǷԷǷҪһ·
μҴһиӽкС֡
ٻٻ߳Ժ¶ɶµģֱӳźСּȥˡ
Сֿһĸˣٻٻҿˣһ氡
ð
ٻٻ˵ĴӦͺСһҼңСְֵ֣ٻٻ衣
Сһֱ浽磬С᲻úٻٻúٻٻؼңǺٻٻںСּ˷
˷ҲߣͺСּˣ·Ĵ˿ٻٻҪʺȥݸ衣
˺껰תͷˡ
ٻٻ⻰Դûûж
Сֵٻٻȥְְɣ˰һûˤʱ򣬿ɰ۵ء
ٻٻ⣬ɵĵӣС֣Ȼؼȥˡ

˵ŻĬıؼȥˡ
ȻصһɫеˣٻٻһͲͷ
㺰һɶ
ٻٻѴµݸң죬죬ֿﲻסˡ
ƽǺֵʱʱտռźٻٻˣкڣ˼æĻȥˣûٹֵܡ

ٻٻԼĸʹȴ޶ԣְ֣Ҳѽְ֣ţȥ塣
һת֣˳ȥ
תͷڲСأȥһˣתͷͰ׵ˡ
Ҳﲻסڿ
ľʹ࣬۽ǵᣬ̲ס
㣬ֵܸɻֳģ̾˿׹æ˿ӣָϴɾˡ
ٻٻأ
ȥˡ
⺢ôô£Ȼؼˣ͸úúչԼĸס
ӻС£ܣ
ҡͷͰˡ
ϣٻٻֱȥԼҳԷȥˡ
ļҲмӣͥԣ˺ٻٻҲû˵ɶһ˸һ
ٻٻ̲סü
ԵĴ׷ζ⣬Ĵɤӣֻ߲һѿɬҰˣһˮûУζ÷һѣӹÿడ
صĵһ죬ˡ
ҵС¥ҲҵĴ⡣
룬ҷûСİְָöð
ǣİְôͻûأ
ͬİְûûְְ
СŮһ߳׺һ߷ϧһЩ׺ȴﰵ̫Сˡ
Լһ㶼á
Լһ㣬ôԼ԰棿ôԼ
Ȼֶ֪Ů뷨һݿָԼĸֶŮֻŸһһֶŮܹһ㡣
˵ڶ죬ûԼֶŮµͶԼҵĺȥµˣúٻٻԾȥչְ֡
ٻٻӦתͷԾɲһۣһ¾ȥټ

ĵطС¶Ц
ϣ޵˺ȵСȥ˺ӵķ䣬ͺǼһ
ڶһ磬ԾͻݣѸɷˣͳһϡ
緹ȥµأβݣҰݡ
磬ͳëǮŮȥٴһͷҰˡ
ΪԵˮʳֳ˲ٵױӣˡ
Ͼ˼ҸԲ
ǵ¸»ʳɣ
˵أģ˼Ǯˣզܲʳ
ǿ̫ˣǼԺ󲻳ˡ
ɲǣԺȫҶöˡ
ˣǼѣȱϱأôɩ˶ǮֵܼҲϱˡ
ʲô飿
һҪءɽͷ˷ӣȥˣҪǮϱˡ
תͷС꣬ɩǴڽӴɵÿɩˣϽŪǮ
С꺬ĵдʡ
һŮҪ٣üĳǧԪŹ
С괹ԴΨΨŵŵããдʡ
˵ŻְѾƿݹȥ
ֵܼƣֿ˻û˵һһźȣھͺһƿ
ɩӣ컹о𣿡
УеģǴơ
ɩɩӵģˡɩӵĹŮ󣬵һǮҲֶϱ
СŮһɪɪͷݻƵĺ۾־塣
Сǣźӣɫˡ
ü죬˶ȵԵĺò
һ죬СڷȻһ
ҡҲˣզ˰
磬ҡҲˡ
⼸˵ԹܣȻͲˣɫҰףһľ塣
飬ֻס
ȥҴҽҩʼҩ
䲻ƫСҲ֪ƫÿȥɼһЩһĹģǰҩ

ǿôͻݣҲû˺ͺˡ
Сɷ֪ԼԺɫѿ˼£붾СģС̵ĵҽãβҲҪǮҪҺͺӣҾͲҪǮҪˡ
˲ҴˣֻܴߴСдŻȥҪǮ
СӦţҲдһš
Щ˶ʶ֣֪дʲô
дŸ󷼣󷼸ŪһЩԼصҩ
ȻʱˣǣЧá
˳ײеģŪһЩԼصҩ
Ȼ֪ҩŪԣȰ˺ƫҩ
һȺŮˣóڽӴ˷ѻ
һ̫࣬õĳ·




45.  45 ۷   û뵽

û뵽б˾
Ժſ, һȿ󷼴߳еĵ, ͬ־ͬ־𣿡
ǡǣ
æҽ־, һ˾
գۣʲô𣿡
־, 𣿡
󷼵ͷ, ǰ
־һ, û, ǧƿ, лҺ
⻰۾һˡ
СȻлĻҲ̫ˣǧƿ
־, Ҹʱ, ܸʱˡǧƿ𣿶Ҫġ
ˡð, һô, 𣿡
־һļ, , , , ܵ, ҳĳ;ر
Ҽǵû㰡
ŽܹġϴָһЩ, ùȥƷѾ˶Ǯˡ
ĺ£󷼲ϲĵͷ
ԡҿ԰ʱ
ϰ˵㣬㡣ȥվҲСǩԼҰѶ𽻸㡣
󷼱ȽϽ밲ź飬źǩԼ²ȥˣ˹룬ٴ㡣
Сһվһ¾Ͱҵˡ
󷼺˵Ժ˷ܡ
Ҫ֪ſÿζûùôĻﰡ
һǧƿԺݺݵ׬һˡ
ȻˣһûǧƿģԴȥͷӣȥҹɩӵ˰æһ
ͷʱ򣬽˵ӵʱǰӴʱޱȵ㣬ȴһʱЩԥµġ
æ㣬ǿϺˣզˣɸһ׼ŰҼùأѵû𣿡
УǡС˹ԭϵļ۸ǣǸĹӣǰļ۸òˡ
ʲô۸񣿡
µ˵һ۸Ǯǰļ۸һë³ɱһ¾˲١
󷼽˰죬գÿǼëļ۸ǧӡ
ߵ·ߵʱ򣬸պڵһλӣӵǼˣʱǼ۵һԪǮһһǼ۵һԪëˣԽԲˡ
ڵгѾǣЩȺҲģҪƱֱץ˵һȺֱʧˣڴû˹ܡ
ԣ˶Ըȥ⡣
˵ǼëҲһȫû뵽ǵô죬Ź˶أǼˡ
ϸһĸϣһʱɱ˲١
ǰļ۸ˡ
ԣ󷼻ûȥ־
־վ˳أ󷼣æͬ־𣿡
󷼵Ҫ˵£ǰļ۸ˣ۷ǣͷƿӵǮ⣬ϣǼۣûǰļ۸
Ҫһƿ
󷼵ë
һô󣿡ﻪ ס
Ҳûǧƿĵӣ۷ǣûӡ
ͬʱҲ׹ˣ֪ΪɶһԼǧƿֻѾ֪Ǽˣ
Ҳû취϶ǡ
־ƲƲ죬ҲûһǼôġ
󷼵û취
ˣҲҪˡ
תͷ˾һ¾ͳһˡ
⻰ҲЩΣոնǧͷƿӣתͷ˼ҾҪˡ
۵ȷǼˣհëһƿҲ׬١
գתͷؼȥˡ
˾һתͷСϵһݡ
ڳһ˵զ?ǸŮﶩ𣿡
˵Ǽ۵̫ˣԼûǩɡ
ƲƲ죬ӦףȻˣȥҼˣһЩȥ
Ҳֻˡ
һߣżţôջǧӵĳɱȻһϤڻشԺǱߵСſڣǻ
Ҫ˴к˿󷼣۾һ
ͬ־ˡ
ͬ־ôˣ
ŵպе㼱¡
ɶ£
ģǸܱܲ
ô£
ΪѵĵȻЩѿڣһϣҡ
Ҫҵô°ɡ
ģϴΰѻû۸һ˾Ѽۼ۸һëˡõͼۣͲǩԼ˽˶ҵ⣬ˡ
˵ɫвѿ
ͬ־Ȼ֪ЩѿڣһϣĻˣֻңǸˣǺˣģȼ۸񣬴Ҷ׬Ǯġ
󷼵Ǹǲǽ־
۾ɴˣǸˣ
ˣҺǩԼҾܾˡһ󷼵ͬ־۷ǣһҵø㣬ۣܽǼˣһǼëǮˣͷƿһǼһëǮˣԭҲǼۣϣԣҵֻǼۣܼȻûˡ
Ǽ۶٣
ë
ŵһǸ־֮ǰëһƿֻë
ڳɱ۶Ǽ۵ëˡ
ŵô?
ӵĳɱ֪ˡ
ҧҳٹ޵ĻȥһԪһһƿȿܲôӦңȲ־
󷼵С
룬ʹǸˣǸҲҪġ
漴룬˺ǩԼ˼ҶˣԣǸ˲ԼĻأ
ߣ뷨Ҳ򵥣ȻǼԺƿĻиô־ϻ־ֻҪΥԼˣʱܳߵĿԴģ
̸Ժ󣬾͸ɢˡ
죬ֿʼæµĸɻ
úõһ飬Ũζſʼը飬
һĲͬ͵ϰˣǾѡ˼ʮһõġ
һߣҴΰȿ㣬ͷƤЬúģֻشˡ

ΰش壬һ¾ǴӴץǡ
˿ɵСΧȥ֣ΰһһһӣһץһѵǹǳǣǰ
Ǵҵɣզûϱ
ǳǲ£ξͲˣڼɻ
үǾ͵磬͵ýѵ
ӴҵС淢ˡ
һڵУάУһһǹΰֻشˡ




46.  46 ǰֻش   Ŵġ

Ŵ˶õһѵǹ, ɰѶӸۻˡ
Թԣôǹɢȥһ, ɲǵúüԪǮ
뵽Լҹûóһ⣬ֹ˺üˣһȶûճ, һۡ
ЩǵǮǿɶ򼸽˰
, ӱ, , ؼȥ, һȺϹQƨ, һȺ泯ˣһӶûϢ
ӿǳˣЩûõķ˵̫ӵķˡ
⻰һ˵, ٴƲƲ, ŤͷҪߡ
ΰ, æ, λ, ǴŴһ𷢲Ƶ, , ǧѷĻڴǰ, ׬Ǯ, ˵䰡
⻰ˣ, ɶƵ·ǿɵȽԼﰡܱˡ
ҲСӰɲⲿְɵöԼ˲С
ΰ׵ģҴСӳҪˡ裬ɩӣǷģҵ׬ǮĿ϶ҲԼ˷Ƶġ
ɶ·
ӴҵǷˣ·Լˣҵ˵˵ɶ׬Ǯ·Υǿɲɰ
׬Ǯ·һأģʶһϰ壬ϰۻʱң˴СڵسǺȥۣȥԺиֵȺá
ʲôȺã
˶Ŀΰΰ˵¡
ΰϰãǿɲ˵ȥȻ˼Ҿ͸׬Ǯ·ˡ
ģģҵǲ˵ģǿ϶˵ġ
ΰŵϰϲһЩɵĴ֮ҹͱ裬û־ɴӻ߾ɵĹӣ֮࣬ϰڸ̣ûЩӹӰϰϲѣΣϰΪЩ⣬˭ҪоӣͳһԪǮһհҿȱԼˣȴϰյöˣʱЩˡ
⻰һ˵۾һ¡
ԴСӣһұ㿴˵ðûǮҿɲˡ
˵Żһܽٰҹ˳
ҹɷ֪ģҹʱҹ㣬ڴҹ
Ȱҹΰҹһƣǿ˿ۣҹζãΰûڡ
СĵСӣҹҴɽϼĺöأҹɺʹˣȥһҹҲҪëǮҪҿûؼҼҹˡ
ǰŸҹֵΰЩû³
ǰôиζ⾹Լɩȥҹ
⣬⡭һŶ
ûΰʶһͷͷһŶ۸񲻴ΰһ¾뵽˻չŶ׬۵뷨
Ҫ֪ٹŶǶǼǧļ۸еʮ򰡣ΰ޷֡
Ůõ˸ĹŮΪ·ǵİȢˣŷָҪ
ڣֻҪҪʵ֡
ֻҪŪƷһ¾ͳΪԪˡ
ԣͣ㣬ֻؼˡ
ʱΰתһ£ԪǮЦӯӯĵӴ״ɩ˭ĶԲգԼ˵⣬ǿ϶Ҫչ˵ġ˴ɩ㻹м񵽱ƿӹ㶼ùҵչԼˣŴպ϶ˡ
ӹǮ۾Цֻһ϶ˡ
ããھȥҡ
һԣ˿ƹӾȻܻǮѣȥ﷭ˡ
ʱ˱޹˹
ΰѴĴֱˣνض顣
ΰһϲеˣиŵ㣬Ϊ˴ﵽĿģþһֶΣȻˣͬʱҲκ˵
Ҫ˵ΰʵһ̫ѧϰ
ĻͼٷˣһϵĽʦ˴ѧϰܿ쵹֡
ڳʱ̵һǮĸͷպͷŪһΰͺ˴⡣
Ҳΰԭ֮һ
ҴڵλãйĹģڸĺӹɽϿ֮࣬Ź裬Ͷ˼
ڵ˶رʵûжǮ֮ģܽʡ;ʡš
ɽϺ񵽵ģȥеҹеݲ̳ӣеʲôġ
ܹǮأЩ˾ͱ˹ΰ
ȻҲ۸͵ģΰ˿һԪǮ˻ϲЩ
Ļ裬ԪǮļ۸񣬰ֵûϲأؼҿȥˡ
ȰѴƿӹյò࣬ҵÿ춼յİҪǻܼ񵽣߼еģҲ˵ðƵĻᣬôһΣҿǿԼˣչԼ˵ġ
УУ۾֪Ǹ˰
ˣҵ˵·⻹һ·ɶ
һ·ǼҼһܸɡ
ɶ
ԼȥͷƿúңȥɳʱѰ˵Ǵ󷼵üã˵ȥȥˣ˶һźأŴҵն˶Եˡ
⻰һ˾;Ůˣ˼󷼶׬Ǯƾɶǲ׬
ڣ˼ҵֵܿѰأĺ£ɲܴᡣ
ΰҲǿǴ࣬ҿôۣŻǮѣʱ򣬰æģúԽ࣬׬ǮԽ࣬ȻͷԺҾͰǮͻ
Ҫզ죿˾զ죿
ˣҼһڴأҪҿ϶ѻشҲʲô˸ϼʱԼȥΧ£ء˾ҪˣǴﵽʱ⳥Ҿסӣ֪֪ףȫõ⣬ũ񰡣ʲôȱͲȱ࣬Ҿ˷һЩѡȻˣ˵ģҿ϶ģҿ϶ѰѻȫһһɶҪ֪ǱߣвٵĴˣЩ˾Ϳһ첻һͻܣֻҪǱ߾Ͳѻǰǩ˼ǧƿĶ˼Ҹ˶ģһȫõġ
һ£ΰܵ˵һ⣬ҪǸˣһӴģҲԼˣҲŰæӴҪ׬Ǯģ͸Ͻͷˡ
ããӴͻؼҳȥ
ԣԣ׬ǮĴûأøϽ׬Ǯȥ
һȺ˼ҴһؼңȻʼˡ
ڹӣ˶࣬˾ȥͷȥˡ
峤Ҳΰ˵ֻⷬôţоЩԾͷβΪ˺ðôŲԾأ
ôȰ˵˶ø˼ѪһܻؼҳȥˣûȰ
ͷ˭׬Ǯأ
ϣΰصԼĸȫĶԴ
ԭԹޣǿĵܵܣƨƨߣŸոҹ׬ԪǮȥһ⣬üĺӶһڣֻΰԵ͡
ڷϣֺãܰһҪһԼˣҺ׵ˡ
ЦɩģҪԼ˶Σһҿ϶չԼˣɩйƿʲôģֻҪϻҶǸϰˣҿ϶գա
أܴһһ𣿡
Ȼ԰ֻҪɩҿ϶աɩ˾ҵˣҲչһ˭չˣ
⻰˵Щжÿ޳ˡ
أܰǺ˰
ʵײ˶Լ᲻óԵɽ͵͵ΰˡ
ΰ߲ܣźɩһףһһƣգ󣬱˷ҪǮмøһ
ڶ죬ϱģģ˼ң׷ˣ׬ǮȻҪһ׬Ǯ
Ǻһһڶٵƿƿ޹ޡ
ΰųʵװˣȰѶߣֿˡ
ֱչ󣬵ߵʱģøˣѴ˵¼ãȻһ󳵵ͳ;һǰһˡ
ΰߺ󣬴Σ͵Ǯˡ
ڵһ٣ϲ÷ţһѾ
ЩΰĿͻͱˣȻǺˡ
Щ̰ͼˣ֧˶Ҳû࿴ֱӾʹΰȡ
һܵ˵Ƕ˳ȥġ
ΰֱǼ۵һԪһƿȻصӣëһƿˣͳǧƿǰ׬˴ſǧԪǮ
ӴƭߵЩŶû˶УҲûȥٱһŶֱӴӸ׬һʵʽ
ΰȻǸˣ֪ŶֶǲһطյģһǹһأȻûյֵǮƷ峯ʱڵƿƿ޹ޣҲûա
ֱзΰЪŹŶ⣬רĸ
ȵԺصëһƿ˷Ǯʱ򣬿ɰѴ˸ˡ
˼ҶԼ׼׼̫ˡ
ԣ֪ΰҪҼԺ󣬲˾ͱ˾Աȫҵһ
ʵϣëһƿ˸û׬ʲôǮҲ͸ոչ˹ͲǮˡ
۷ǣ˹͸ԭ϶Ǽֻۣд˲֪ۣΪ׬˴Ǯ
ԣ˽ϣһΰȥȥˡ
ΰûге˹Ҳûгеԭϵķգװ׵ĺһ˰ɻ׬Ǯò˵˵ȷǸ۲۵ļ̡
һߣ󷼵ĺҲˡ
ŻʱЩûɵġ
ǼԺٹȫȥˣأԭչ·ȴֹˡ
ˣǱȽ޵ˣŷ޺ûˣ˴Ƶ
Ǹˣȥ˵ȥˡ
ûشӣԲ֪ǰǸ˻شȥƭȥˣ⡣
Ҫ˵ΰΪʲôȻҪأҲΪǰ֪󷼿˺ӣġ
ΰ˿ûоǰɳܵ뷨Щ⡣
Ȼһ׬Ǯ⣬ǰʵܹ׬ǮۣôΪʲôѺأ
ԣϵ˾˸Զĵط˸ĵӣչ·
󷼻֪Լò˵Եء
ҲùһֻƫţûúʵҵԵ˵ڶͻȥʱΰĻͱòˣһȥһٽֿۣĿڲ˵¿ͻŰѴȥĻ˴󲿷֣ЩĻֻ˻ȥˣԼϼȥˣеĴ궼û꣬⵱ȻҲǺˡ
ǾһˣΰҲûˣ˵ʵѾе㿴ˡ
뷢ƣ뷢ƣ
Ȼˣôѹ˿ͿһԺ󣬳䲻⣬ǰѴĿڱ˳⵼º棬Ҫʱ򣬶ֻ
ٳԹƵˣɶ໨ëǮҲԲҪëΪɶأڸУʵǲ̫ˡ
ʮ㣬滹飬Ҫǣζ˳һξͻᰮϣȻͻᷴǡ
еĸ㻯ѧˣûκжʣڽôζҪʳɲҡ
ԣûٴηʱδһתͷȻȥˡ
ˣǩһԼԤ˶
һ·ܳһ·ۻתͷһȦ磬һǧƿĶˡ
żҵ󷼵ʱһŵĶ󷼶ˡ
û˵ǲԲȣҲ
һ޷ٸϹɣһɡ
ǣ˹ɩ֮Ըæ
ɩȻԸⰡΪ󷼹ϵãûӣҲûиΪѵĺ֮
峤ϱҲûЩ峤ò׵һҲΪ󷼵Եʡ
ҲΪҵĺ˱ΰˡ
ЩΰģڶֵֻǮʣµһɵˡ
ʱһĿź֪һ£ЩƿӵǮǮΣǿɶǻǮŪİ
ǵǮֻˣ˭Ǯȥ
ΰ˼ֻǰæģ˼ҲǮ˾æģɶ顣
Ǹ˾æˣ˼Ҳû취
գ˳һƿֻһѪĬĬˡ

Ҫ˰æɻ̷˺̷˼Ҳɻʹ̷ĸͺ̷ĸԾȱ١
ʱ󷼾ͽˣԼÿ۵ֱ
̷ĸĴŮ̷죬ǸʵʵŮǼģѯ̷ĸ̷ԸⲻԸæ͡
͵ʱǰÿԪǮĹǮģڵأ˵ǼˣǹʲûǼۣһԾֻʮԪĹʣҲëһ졣
󷼰ѹǮֱӿԪһ죬ѵõĸнȻԸ
չԼˡ
Ȼˣһ˵̷꣬ĸʹӦˡ
ŮѾʮˣ˵һգԺ˵׵ʱ򣬿϶˵õ¡
̷ĸæƼ̷ӣ󷼼Ҳһͨ¹ڼҲҪɻģҲӦɻˡ
Ȼˣû˵ͽ顣




47.  47 2   ġ

ֺ˼̨, һȺŮææµµը飬͡
ը͵ϰɴúõģһһ, ϵľ䷽ֻ֪
æ˼죬ǧˣæɫÿˡ
󷼰ѹǮ, ˻һﶼϲġ
˭׬Ǯأ
Ǯڰ, ζ, Ǯŵ㡣
, ֺǺǵĿ, г, ÿζȸǮûϲĺ顣
һ⣬ʽһ¾ͳԣ, ׬˺üǧԪǮ
, ȥǮ, ΪĻҪæˡ
, ʩ, Ѳˮ, ӹõȷæµ
һһ, ֲĵ, ˭Ҷȱˮ
ʱ, ҪǲѰˮû׼ʲôʱԼˮˮ, ͱ͵͵ˡ
󷼵ˮ˴зŽȥ
æһ󷼾æһȦңʹɹڵƤۿҲƽһЩ
δɽæŹûؼңٻؼһͿһȦ󷼡
ɰѺδɽۻˣ˽ȳûˣδɽҪˣҸڳҷݹʡôࡣ
æ𣬲áͦãҼй׬Ǯܰļ
Ҳ̫ˣҲڵʱ;˸ɻ
󷼵áҿ϶úչԼġ
ȻǮһȻɻͰѻһҪɺõˣģʵ󲿷ʱҶ˰æһֵģûôࡣ
һ˵Żһ߳ȥȥѲˮ
ߵ￲ϣͷһľͰüͷ߹
壬զ?
ͷﳤ˲ٴ׿ǣǷҪׯڰ
󷼿ȥ۾һ壬ﳤ𣿡
ͷǰСϪһȺһȺģƶǷˮʱ˳ˮӽġ
ׯڵɺʱ򣬴˶ȥСϪˮأЩ׿ӹƾǴˮʱġ
զ
ͷüͷ
󷼿Щ׿ӡûκεķգֵòС
⡰׿ӡǱģСϺ
󷼶ͷ壬׿ֽСϺԳԵġ
ܳԣ
ܰζأôСϺҲټء
ӴҪܳԣǵҲǰ׷ѹץˣһ¶ӡ
µׯһأڴһﶼǶȱʳġ
лתͷˮͰˡ
ûؼιģ¾Լ˳ԡ
һԣδɽܳԣ
ܳԣζɺˣţǾСϺܳ˻ԡ
Ҳͨһ֪ܳԵģܳԣҺ˻ء
ҲٳԼȥ
Լ￲ȻҲСϺ
󷼴ץؼҳԵģ¾ץСϺԡ
СϺҰģƽʱ˿СϺԺ󣬸û˴СϺƼãµغһץһ׼ŵˮͰܿץһͰ
ɺδɽˮͰһǺǵĸźδɽؼȥˡ
ȻصӿһˮͰСϺȵΧš
С֮ģΰСϺȵĵ裬ȥץСϺ
󷼵ⲻǳӣСϺԳŶζˡ
?ӵɴ۾һڴ
󷼿ʼСϺ
δɽҲŹ˶ÿ죬ܿһСϺ˳
ջϴʼСϺ
ȹͣϻԼԼĶ꽴ȵϳ㣬ٰСϺȥ
ŨζŽŽ̬ȵͺδɽĿŹ
СϺ⣬ǿûм
һСϺڷϣһȺ˶Χ˹
һʾǳϺζ̲סЩ
̫ζˣ
һԣٶȼİӣϺ
ȻЩζ̲ס¶ɫ
裬׿ӿó԰̫ζˣ裬ٳСϺ
󷼰֣Уٳԡ
һȺ˵ŻСϺٶȴûͣ
ǡɩţȻ˳ԷӦôţǸζʵܲ˵ġ
ɩӵ󷼰ڳɶأǴ⿴ţôӣ
Ǵ׿ӣҲСϺɩӿ
ɶǴ׿ӣЩ˼ģɩΪûгԹ׿ӣɾȵһֻܳԣ
ܳأܳԣζܺã㳢
ɩһǸζЩܲˣΪʵ̫ζˡ
Ǵ׿ӣզģ
󷼵˹ɩӣ͸һӶ꽴
ɩӸмѵĽӹ꽴Ҵһؼȥˡ
صɷ˼ĺӣһ˴ŻѣҹɫץСϺ
Ȼڹɩӵ£СϺζҲһӶһһ˻ؼҾͰСϺɾɹɩ³ʼˡ
ζȻֹøĴܲζա
ͷҲСϺˣ᲻Σˮ󣬵СϺζǰͷһҲˡ
˵ڶ죬˶ȥץСϺˡ
ҲҪץСϺһˡ
أصСϺһǵõµ׬Ǯӡ
Եڶһ磬ʹȫҲȥץСϺȥˡ
죬һҼץ˺üͰСϺ
ϣȥ˴ϱɩӵˣ보СϺȥһ¿ҪҪһһ£
峤ϱæŸ࿴;ܾˣɩӦ
˵ڶ죬̷ĸҲ˽
̷ĸСϺضǣҲ٣ֲֵǮ;ܾˡ
Դˣ󷼲ǿ
һ˰ñ緹ԺͿʼСϺˡ
СϺζʵˣٹζ;ܲˡ
°ʱ󷼵˴ͰСϺˡ
󷼵ŴͰͷͷæµʱ򣬹˵Ҳ࣬°ʱһȺ˾ӿ˳
Ҫߺȣ˾Χ˹
ͬ־ɶ
СϺζˣƷһһһԪǮһ߹·Ҫ
˵Ʒ˾Χ˹
ǩݹȥôӳ⡣
ǵһƷһڵˣСϺϺڵɲǣ̲ס¶Ц
ȳԺҪ
գ
һһһСϺûж⣬ëǮζʵ̫ζˣ޷ܾζ
˵һǸһͰСϺһһɶ
˻׷󷼵ˣһЩʡ
æ죬һ㡣
ϾֻӪҵûŪ̫СϺ
СϺĴҲ
ڹķǴһģһֱûп꣬ڵǿ԰濪ˡ
治ģСϺ
СϺ󣬾ͿһЩ⣬ըĢ黨֮ࡣ
󷼴Ժ󣬱ؼҺ˵¡
ĻҲҪֵġ
ʱҪһŵù˹ȥæУ˻Ҫա
Ͼ겻ֻɼ죬óÿȥ
ϵ飬Ҳ㿴ŰУ迴ǸܸˣñĹ֪Ըȥɻ
󷼵ͷ
⣬ǰֻҪһ˾Уǵ˺ڣһ𣬵ûල
󷼲ֵ֮󲻺ÿ
գ󷼾ѯһ´衣
̷Ժ󣬼ʹӦˣһҪ󣬵ȥԺñһ֣ܰҼҶҲæ𣿡
̷һһŮ󷼲ˣ͵ͷˡ
̷֪Ժ󣬾ͷĲ⡣
̷ֶŮһӵݣ㲻ֱ谡ҹĿǼҰֶŮҲһݻưɡ
⻰ЩˣʱСϺʱҲǺλĸģԼ⡣
󷼵СϺ⣬֪ܲ׬Ǯأ赱СϺС⣬Ҳû취
̷豻һ¶»ȥֻһƵļȥˣȻؼǶ̷û˵󷼵Ļ
̷ҲֻǹŮڳæء
̷ƲƲ죬СѾͷʹأҲûǮ
ײ˵ʲôˡ
̷ĶŮ̷Ǹкзա
󷼵һμӵʱ򣬼ӶԴ̷󷼸ɻԺ⼸峤ú˲٣ȻԾġ
ڶһ磬̷̷æɻ
ñĻ꣬󷼿źӻУȻеľľģ󷼺ʲô͸ʲôԵķĺ˻龢ʡ¡
Ҳ;Ѻˡ
ڶ죬󷼿ʼչСϺһëǮһСƣ˳ֵ飬׬Ǯء
ԣÿÿ춼˼ˮͰӸǰСϺ
ֻҪʮǾͿһˣɵӲŲȥץСϺء
һչСϺۻһһʱ䣬ȥһ˽ǡ
ȥǣҪʰϵ棬˳ģҲȥһѡ
˴˲õСϺֱԼ㣬񣬺˾ȥ
˾˼ңӾµĵȥ
Ӷɻ״ĵģ˻ͣңӵһƵģƵţ̣̫壬ζ
͵ĸ񣬽һգǱķǮЦӯӯĵȥˣԺ󣬴Ŷˡ
üͷֻˡ
쵼ܵд
ɾԱͨԺ󣬶ŷ߳˸ӭ˽ȥ
󷼱ӵĺһӵСϺݹȥµزĳʳ˳ʡ
ŷ˲жǿ˵Ͳ̬ã˵˶󷼳Է
׳ѯѯûʲôѡ
˵һаú˵ûѣ˵ҪȥСʰ棬ˡ
׳ȷʵ£ҲûֻˣŸǳˡ




48.  48 ̿   ȥСʰݡ

ȥСʰӵĻ, Сʤһ
ӭ¥ĩæµʱʱ࣬С˵һ, ͸ˡ
ƽʱ˵һС
ʤӷˣƽֻҪɨþ, Щһˡ
˵ҪС򿪵꣬, ÿɨ, ҲԹȥæ
æлˡ
һӵ, Ҳû, ֱ˰æɻˡ
, һͨʯҰˢһ£ʤܰæ֮ˢᷭ£ʤףװλ, ְд˱, ԼװҺˡ
󷼵ĵһֽССϺ, ˼, СϺĵ̡
ͦ, , Ҳ, ǳˣȺ
°Ժ, ûʲôǲ, ¾ϲܱߵľ㣬ȻЩ˵ѡڽ߿, Ҳ˵飬ܹʳĶҪƱݡ
ĸ˿ʰọ̃뿪
󷼵СϺ̾ҵĸ߷ʱ䣬Ҳպ÷żˣһ˶Թæ
Եʱ󷼵СϺֱ͹ͻˣ÷յĿҵ
δɽڳҲзӣ󷼴һһ𣬴ѻ͵СԺ󣬵Ͼסڳ˵ڶ죬Ϳһȥ׼ҵ
ϣһȻæµģҪһѵСϺء
СϺ϶ʻĸζ󷼵ĵĻϺ
һһæµҹա
һˣһס˹
ڻûеǳڣʱסһǿеģȵǳʱ󷼾ôÿ춼سǣҹ͵ʱ˸˯ˡ
˵ڶһ磬һ˾ȥˡ
˹򣬴ѾڳСϺˣζһʹ˸Ľò
󷼹ʱ򣬵̸ǰѾڷźú޵ĳƺõСϺ
ڵߣһ˿ӵϰܲζˣʱ߹Ӵϰ壬ʲôⰡôô㰡
󷼴󷽵ĵСϺ¿ҵ˿Ʒһֻ
Ӵҿɲˡ
˵ŻֱһֻСϺ̲סһ±æ˿˳Է˰ѿӰԺ۵ϺֱӶһ̣ζ̲ס۾
̫óˣó԰Ǯһﰡ
һԪǮһ
һ
գ
ѸٰæСϺƺõݹȥԷݹԪǮ
һ̣˿ϰԼҵĵ̸ǰʼ˿ٰϺϺĹ̡
˿ϰϱζӺԺ߳ȿСϺҲһųԣһԾͣǡӵĺĩҲˣԺ
Աߵ˿򣬴պĴչһֻƷ
Ʒ󣬻ϵĹ˿Ͷһȥˡ
ȹʱСϺζ̫ˣò˶չ
󷼳СϺ컹׼˴СϺʱ򣬶һƿߡ
һ磬׼һСϺ˸һɶ
ںݻвٵĻϺ̵Ķ飬˳Ķˡ
һңСʤܵ˶ڰæСϺֽæͣõСϺϱߣٿٳƳۡ
һȫû뵽ǣٽСϺ
һСϺһٶԪǮʽ
Ҳѹֲ⣬⣬ȷкܴ
⣬ֻǵһѡ
Ȼҵһռ߷壬Լ˳ԸĺôԾ𾪡
ͬʱҲһ飬µ꿪ҵһ˸æһһ𿴵꣬ȷ˰æϺ
̷˵ǿٱ̬󷼰Ҫæһʱ䣬ŵæҼڼտš
ʵ̷Ҳֻһӣڵĺձ鶼£һʱҲʵѡֻˡ
磬δɽæСϺȥˡ
δųһˣΪһżɲ˾Աģƫ˾Աļ٣չСϺȥˡ
СϺδɽȫչˣֻˣʱֳСϺˮأֱץ˺üСϺĿЩСϺǧˣſųߡ
ϣһͨæµҹϢ
ڶһ磬˸ոտ꣬пˡ
СϺһħԣǳԹԺԣԹСϺĿˣһˡ
գԾǴһ졣
ս죬˾һǧСϺһĿԽڴ
ԺһЩԼĸֳʳȻƷֻûпȴġ
̫æµҲˣµ׵ʱ̷һҷ
⻰̷һԽĸˡ
һҶʵˣɻ󷼵£һϰʱ򣬶һɫĹӣӷǳĽ
Ҳǹ˿ԽԽԭ
ñǵԽɢˣʱ򣬾;ѹɩӻߴ峤ϱԶһ棬ǿ϶ˡ
̷̷ӸһԣҲѧ˲˵ļɣŮûô飬ҲСѧ˼죬ԭϣǵӵģǲ죬˶˲١
һʱ󷼵ĵÿմһڲеŮȥ̿ȥˡ
һĿ˺ܶ࣬ԾɲˣǺĩ˼˱̷һ˲١
ȥʱСϺٽӣ󷼹ճƾֲˡ
㣬һ̵ӪҵҲ󷼴ΪԾ
Ϊɶ
ΪôһССĵ̣ĿǰӪҵȥһоǧԪӪҵˡ
Ȼǳɱڵݣǻǰһ
һ£ʹһԺ̷һһֵķֺ죬ֺ׽㣬ڿ۳ɱԺóһɵķ̷ֺһҡ
Ͼģµ̣ǿ϶ҲҪһֵʽ
Ϊ˸õľӪ̣󷼿϶Ҫ£̷һҡ
Ͼĸչ˺ѧֲôʱͷܡ
ȻһеһԺ󿼲쿴Ծ޶Ӫҵ̷һǷ񾭵ס˵
һųҪȥʱ󷼳һӵСϺúδɽֱӴųԡ
δɽСϺζȻǿڸǿˣûסСϺջӰ׼СϺֱӿˡ
δɽȥϰԺֻԼͷˣʱرһӣӾͷˣǮˣ󷼴ȥһг
гԾҪǮϣѾвҪǮгˣϧϡ٣ûҵ·
Ѳ󷼣ȥվܳš
˵Ҷˡ
ŵøʤг۸͹г۸࣬һҪƱ
ɰ󷼸ֻˣͻһٶԪǮŰæӴһгϣŴӦˣȥʾִ绰պһ˾ѴӽǷ·СгͱӴ˹
ȥñſ󷼣󷼳ֱӰг󷼡
ͬ־̫лˡ
Щ˼֪ûٴг׬ǮЩӹ㶫ŪĻвֵ覴⣬ۼΪȻЩ覴ⲻӰ쳵ӵʹá
ÿȥһгҲɣһӣԪǮء
Ϊˣû˼׬󷼵ǮԪǮ˸󷼡
æãȻۣǾͰǮ
ƴ֮£ֻðǮˡ
󷼺ĵҲ⣿
ʤĹͦõģǸһˣӦûᰲ״
źĵء
ʲôⰡ
Ҹ翴Щ֮ڵС⣬г
Щ·
źһЦаҪӻңұм۱㡣
УҪЩҿ϶㡣
󷼺ŵ̸Ҳһ˵Ժû뵽羹кң˼ͷˣȻˣǺˡ
õгͦ˵ģгͻˡ
ҪϽȥչСϺСϺչԺٻصϿӡ
г·Ȼ˲٣Ȼ··ƽ̹ģﳵѹٶȷǳ졣
󷼻صҴʱ򣬴СϺſڵˣң˻ͦġ
СЩԭûʲô׬ǮˣСϪץСϺˡ
СϺûץԹˣһץһȺ
󷼿ʼһһӡ
æŵʱһ߹󷼰˵㿪ˣܲܰ
˵Żݹƿ
ΰشƴ飬󷼺Ҳ˵ˣʱŴҡͷ
ΪһʳƷмߵҪʵ϶
Ǿˡ
ҡͷӣǸˣû㡣
һԣһһӵģһôˣΪ׬˼ǮͿũˣߣһ֪࣬ڴﰲֻҶдҪúøлǡ
󷼿ȥǰɩ˵Ŀ̱
Цһĵ죬ǼҲһ˳ĹôܵĹװæ
⻰˵ɫһһףԼСӺǸİæԼԼϵŮ
Ȼ⻰ǲ˵ġ
ϴΰش壬컹ŷ˼죬ΪԼմˡǰ;СӵĹˣʱûǮǻҽǮһѵ
ΰչһʱЩΰû
ǵһΰĲ֮࣬ȫȥˡ
˵һĴ̼ڵڶͻеǮƣͶ뵽
ܲңڶȥˡ
ˣΰ˵ʲôֻܾĸǮ
ǶԼˡΰԼܿ˭
Լ˲˰
ΰͰ졣
Ǯ˭ҵĻĶ࣬ΰ˵㣿
ӺһңݽǮΪܷˣһǮû׬һʡ
ΪһۻĻԴ࣬ûΰˡ
ΰ˳ĳŮȥˡ
ۻ˴ծϴ߻ծܲ
չСϺ͵͵һЩŮѾȥ󷼶չˣһתƤţ°ܣ󷼰ۻˡ
ϧֲɵôܰǣ
ʱúݵİԼһ˳ȴǳԲů
󷼺ЦǸԲůģǼҰɣҿɶû׬ǮʲôǶչŴˣǼңһһΣôֻǴˣ˭⣬ǳ˹Ǯ˱ǮģûǼûгһݹǮǮԼƾſװǣƽ޹׬ۣ
ⷬһ˵˴˴ʱŻع
ԭνİ¸ֻǺƭǳֳǮ
һʱһȺΰĶˡ
κΰܵûӰӣ˼䣬ֻա
ͬʱǶ󷼿ԽĿˡ
˼󷼿һǮһֻ͵͸Ǯɲ۸ˡ
˶조ޡһ治ҪɱǴĲүˣ˼Ҵ󷼿ɲǼҵˣֻ֪ǴˣɣǼ۸ǲүӲ
˼ҼҶۻˣôÿԸһ꣬Ƕ⡣
ΰɲַߺˣҲ
˿Ժ󣬲ֶҺգֵİˡ
챻Ժ󣬵ȻͷһԱű¨Ѿ췴һƣź˹ȥ
Ǵӳ
һȺծôˣأôôࣿôǱĹݺ
ĳͲѾԼĸáԼŵɪɪԽԱˡ
챾ָɣСӸڸƵģŮҵֱֿʼˡ
ʱ֪Ǹҹɷ͵ĳĹġ
һĹŶȵ˾ʮǼֵʮ㹻Ǽһ׷ӣˡ

չСϺ˿Ӽ֣ЦһӵժһЩ߲ˣŤͷгˡ
ˣſڵĲ˵أչ˵رãСŮرģƽʱпվ͵͵ȥ·ϼţ࣬ţ࣬͵͵󷼵Ĳ˵ʩʣĻƹϺӣôд£ѾԲˡ
ڰ򰤵ˣһտ˵غ͸ݣÿҪԪǮΪǮ˵ǰ׵õģʲô׬ǮȥɽŪʲôȥȵڵСϺ⺢ӷѧȥŪҲźݺݵ׬һʡ
Щ׬Ǯֻ֮ó֮һ
⣬Ҳǳˡ
󷼸ոڻشӵʱ򣬳˲ע⣬һǹϴμڴϴڿʱڿȫƶ󷼼ûĺʵڿڿ㣬͵͵͸ӣѺӸжֱᡣ
Ӿô۰Ͱ͵Ŀ󷼵гԶãˡ




49.  49   49

󷼻ؼҵʱ, ڽϾȻ㡣
һĻϲ󷼣æ󷼽סˡ
ͬ־
ã
, Ҹܵˣѡˣ˵
˵
վڴ·, ʼҵ
ܵŮǷ֯һŮ, ʮ, ˵಻, ԸҲ, 㻹óŮƬ, 󷼿
Ůû־һС˵ģͷڼϣһȹ, Ƚ崿
󷼵ĶʤѾʮ, Ǵδ, Ϊ, û, ֻһ, Ȼֻнòֳ顣
, 󷼴ʤܴӦ, װӭ¥
, ʤĴ·Լһõ, ӭ¥ס
ʵͦŮģģΪҪæ̵ԵʣҲûˡ
Сӭ¥ĺ͵͵Ůģ˸š
С˵ʤܵĵ׶ȷƬűȽ崿òرòҲСˡ
һߣʤҲŮʼס
Ů˵ģҽʮ꣬֯ŮҼиĸһһ㣬ͽ㶼ˣҵĹʮԪ
ҽʤܣʮ꣬س֪࣬ڽֵ츺һɩӣһ㣬ãҺҶöδ飬ҵĹʮԪ
⻰㸸ĸأ𣿡
ʤԼģĵˡ
ɩӣöʲôѽ
ʤڵҸɩڱĳУҴ֪࣬ûлسǡǸ¥İǸñĳʦ
õɷأ˵Ǹų
ǵġܻسǣðæ
ʤܽϣԳĬ
ʤҲǶ໰֮ˣˣĬһ£֪ͬ־ҪʲôĶ󣿶δĶʲôҪ󣿡
ûʲôҪģֻҪӸߴףܶҺþˡ
뷽أ
ʤͬ־룬ҾҲһʽܹȵžС
ʤ⻰һ£ʶǰŮոŮ˵ĻڰʾƵģȥʱŮӵСӣĿһ´ʤֻܿĽëģһʱ㿴Щˡ
ƬԺֱһʤŻع
ôˣ
ʤͬ־ǱߺжҰһ£
˵ŻŮذ׵һСϸϸערעֻһ㣬־һ£һ£촽ϲ˲Żع
̣ʤܾԼļʤȻʮˣǺٺŮӴֻнŮദǸǴûй
ŵŮ㣬һֱʻ˵޵ܰ㣬룬Ȼ
ʤܾԼһϹһУ˼ܿҲûɶ޵ģǰŮɰģȻףȻǿ϶ŮԷ
ԣʤĿڿԺ󣬵͵ͬ־ۿŵˣϲʲôˡ
̧ͷһ˫ĵʲô𣿡
ǰҼŮʤܾ;ĿһֱڿæԣȻԡ
˵Ʋ˷ǳζҳô󣬻ûӭ¥ԹأҿƷһƲ𣿡
Ȼԡ
תͷʤܶԷԱԱƲʲô
Ա˵˼ˣʤѯϲʲô
͵ˣʤ촽գȷԱԺǵܳ𣿡
ҡǲǵˣ
СĿ⣬ڼΪϰߵʤܣ˵𱸵Ļ
û£ԲǿԴ
ܿ죬ӭ¥Ʋʼ˹ĵĳ
ԵĲ١
Ȼ˲˿϶ʣ²٣ûٵˣֶĴˣһٳԵʤЩۡ
ʤһ֮һĹʻҪࡣ
գʤ÷Աæʣˡ
߳ӭ¥ʤܵͬ־ؼҰɡ
ʤͬ־ˣæɣˡ
˵껰ʤܻ˻֣תͷˡ
ȻͷѯʤˣСţ࿴զ?
ʤЩɣҾﻹ
⻰ĵͷǲɣʱ㻹ԪǮأ˳Ҳá
أлĽܡ
ϲýĵͷͷȥСģԣȴš
ã
̵ˡ
ԺҲϢˣ˵ʤҲкøУǽɣ˼ҹҪϸϸǣҪȹ۲һƷ˼ҹҲӦˣȴ
ʤ˵ǸϢǣʤܺôȷ˹ϵʼˡ
󷼵ĶСҲ࿴һ
˵˽۱һСѧʦأѵõĺ˲ţһ꣬ûн顣
󷼵λ۱ͬ־ô仹û飿
ҲǺһǸسǵ֪࣬سһ꣬ȥͻˡ
ǻسǵ֪࣬һûҹ𣿡
ɣǰվԣԼӼ飬֪Ϊ˻سǣûӵġ
۱ͬ־˵ûءСҸδĲףҰǸˣﲻģ۱ͬ־иʽĹһδ飬찲ɡ
о仰û˵Сδģڻгǿһ㶼㣬һ㣬ҲҲûֳ׵ʲôġ
󷼺γ֪
Ƕ磬꣬ԵνŮԾͲˣᱻһ޲ȥıǩһٵ
㰲һ°ɡ
ǾɣգڽĹ԰̸̸
󷼵׵ĵطз𣿡
ԡС˵ˣط羰á
󷼶˶٣㲻˵ʲôˣҲ֪ǲ룬Լڹ԰棬Ϊ羰ãѵз뻨Ǯ
ڶ죬С۱Ҳˡ
Се黨裬һ׸ӵĻΪ˸ųӣԼĺɫСƤЬСˡ
ףСһëϯ¼۱Ҳһͬëϯ¼ԼʱϾŵ㣬Сϲٵǰ˶ʮ˽Ĺ԰
ָĽĹ԰Ķŵ˲ʮӣûп۱Ӱӣ׼뿪ʱʱһ˴粽˹
˴һ˿۾ʱģã׵ͬ־𣿡
СǵģǣҽС
Сͬ־ã˶һ£˽۾һ£Ȼ䶼СˣҾͳ˵ˡ
뽲
˵أ޵üҵĹҲȷҪһӣڽзӣһ¹һԪ飬סҵķӣҹʿȫ㿪֧һĻƵô󲿷ô˵أҲԭģҹæܻؼңڼ棬޷ﵽ̫æ˺ӵ⣬ӵĻϣԺǾУȡһӣ䶼СˣԽչ˺Խûо˷棬ƽʱǶǷֿģˣұ˹һסҪкһ˵񣬵ȻҲһҲһ
СĿɿڴ˵һѣ֪˶ûôӴء
˾ôԶˣ
ʱ򣬲Զһ¼˺ȻС˹
Сͬ־
Сǣ
۱󣡡
Сɴ۾һԵĸߴˣǣ
һԵĸߴȻҲסˣæ㲻𣿡
Ҳǰ
ԴǸϴˡ
ߴ˼Ķӡ
СҲΡ
ʱСߵˣǰһ۴һ۾Ƥ׾ͷߣһӣűȽ˹ġ
Сǰһˡ
ǰҲڴСǿͷĸϸɫĻȹԵǰŮִ˼ֵգϵĺɫСƤЬŮԵԽȶˡ
˵ĿںɫСƤЬͣһƤЬ£ҶΪȥŬûʲôǮƤЬ
۱ڿ˫ƤЬԺ󣬶С¶˼ֵ⡣
۱Сͬ־ҽܣǽǱˣҼһֵܽϴԺĸչ˵õ񡣡
ԣ
ԣ˽ԺĹʣϽ֧䣬Ҳףϣ⡣
СһӦĻɵˡ
СɵɵĿԼ۱ֻСͬĽ飬ŵڶҶܣûسԺһֱҲҵãܣҲҹˣȫֻܿźǼ˵ǳĲƽϣǸų÷˵һ䣬ҵĵܵãһݹۣ׬ǮֶĹ
С
أ
۱״ԽСˣҾ֪ǸµģʱûˣΪǼҵϱԺؼԺϣڿһ㣬ҵĸĸչҵĵãļҵ·㶼æһЩҸĸôףȢϱҲҸĸúõϢˡ
˵һѣ۱ˣʱЩˣȽб飬Э̣٣Ǿȥ֤ھϯ÷Ǹų϶Ǯ㺰ǰǰһ¾ϯһ¾С
С۱ͬ־ҽԺǱߣǱߡ
˵껰Сú˶˵һ仰תͷ뿪
۱ˣݺݵĵקʲôקһûҪϹСǣδˣ壬ûꡣ
СѪɲˣҲ⣬㶼ɶ˰Զһ㣬Ȼ㣡
˵Żһ߹ȥ۱һʶܣһ±ܿСȡ
ûнŮˣע˼޲ȥ
СˣҪ㣬Ҿһͷײǽˣ㻹˼ףѵӦֱŮ𣿡
㡭㡭֪νú˵ߣŮˣ͵ż޸ˣȥɡ
˵껰۱Ťͷһˡ
С
СѪҡҡͷתͷˡ
ⶼʲôװ
Ů˵䣬̫ˡ
ף˵ʶ̧٣ףֻˡ
ʵС˵ܴĥô꣬ò׻سǣͲһ˹ӣɵӲŻҸĥԼ
תͷСˡ
ӭ¥Ҳ˸ܶϱֶӣ˵ӣ޹ȥǸСһȤûУֱӾܾˡ
ɨ˸ӣСӭ¥ȻùǺѵòŪĹٻسǵ֪ûһݹأԵѣֻĬĬܡ
ߵС룬˻ţ治ס
СصסʱȻҹѯ׽ˣСܾˡ
СһҶأСˣҲСˣǣҸδûкӵĲףȻֻܼ޹ȥˡ
С쿪ʼˣ˵һ㣬æµһ㣬˼Ǯһ󲻺͸ĸסǰһзú˲ٻķա
ĸߴ󣬿ſ㣬˼ֽʣ಻ʸߣ˼Ҳͷ鰡
Ȼ⻰϶ܶ˵ģСֻҧӦûֻܵȿһºˡ
˵껰Ťͷˡ

֪ϢʱȻ֧Сġ
۱󣬾ͳ˵ǷͰѼ޸Ů˵ͱķԴˣϸɣҵ
о仰Ҳ˵ˣСٲǻ£ԽȥŮ˵Խı֯ˡ
̫ˣҲѣŮ˹ʮ꣬Ϳʼ˥ˡ
ԣøϽСҸ׵Ķ
ԼʶҲ࣬Ǳ˺δɽ
ĩδɽ󷼾סδɽɽ磬ûʶĴδ꣬Ҷһ
δɽһһһ쵼ĶӣڿԱǰͷ̸Ķˣ˵ޡ
ǼҲҪģƷƷĸƷΣ
˵Ʒһˡ
ǰżһɡ
С
δɽ˵ļ棬˹Ĳֻ¸ȥס

ɽͺδ󷼰СһףһԺʤܣȴĶˡ
ıӣŰɫĴɫȹӣһɫķһͷ˳ڼϣǰ΢΢һ˿ŷǳ崿
󷼺ͺδɽŮӵģ󷼽㣬δ磬Ǻá
󷼾ƺЩֵֹģûо֣Ҳû룬к˽Ժӡ
Ƚӣ󷼽㣬ȹÿѽ
󷼽촩һȹǺδɽģƫݣȹԽԵȶˡ
Ҫ˵¶һЦݣֵϧȹҲܴҵ̫ˣƨЩ̫ͦˣÿȹӣ򲻵ģ󷼽㣬һȹӿÿ
ǴŵЦݣסˡ
һԣʤæãֽƽϰ
󷼱㺬¶һЦݣǿݣȥϡ




50.  50   50

󷼵Ǻδɽ, ִԲոһھѷ, һ͸ˣرɿڡ
󷼰кö˹ȥ˿ʼһ߳һ˵
ܿ, һ˿ģ
δ磬Ǿ㳤ÿ߰, ǰһδĶ󡣡
⻰һ, һԵ󷼵ɫһ, ʤ, Ҳôÿ
δ󷼵ĵ, 㲻ҶĶô㿴ҶģǿҴɽģ
æеĽͣ󷼽㣬㲻˰ɣҡҵĴ, 󷼽, δ, 󷼽, ҡȳȥߡ
˵껰, һίģ, Ťͷܡ
, һȺ˶סˡ
󷼿ʤ, ʤһ, 󷼵ãֻǲ˵, Сûлۣһ㡣ˣһҲġ
˵껰һ̵˳ȥ
򱻴̼ɫһ䡣
϶粻û뵽ΪһʶûõŮˣԼ羹˵Ļ
Ůһ۰˸͸ˡ
ŮʲôŮƯʤܵŮѣȴƮδɽԾҪδɽ
δɽȻˣһסֵ֣ãˣ֮Ҳо룬˵Ķˣͻỵ֣㲻ϲǸŮǾͺС
š
һԵѾͷɽ˵Ѿǳˣٹǵˡ
֣֪ˣæ׬ǮܺԼСҾУҲûʱܱ˵顣
ͺá
Ȼ˵ǿԿó󷼻ѹˡ
ֵܽһԺǶһˣӳˡ
˵ĸȥױĸԺ󣬱Լ˵һ󷼵ô᲻ѹ
ΪԲҿȥһʼӣǺԣʤܵ̸СŮѸҪ
ʵŮ23ˣҲ󣬵ΪڷܣŬĻţűȱܸɣһʶһڵˡ
⣬ԣ׾̫ĿѺʹĥµʰһ¼
ʤ׷ȥûãͰŮˡ
Ůˣδɽĵһ̣ȥݷһѣԷˡ
˵ŻĿбӣ࿴Ůһֱۣˡ
δɽڱء
ʤһ£÷Ҫţ
æ¡
δɽ˵ʤҲö˵ʲôˡ
ĵδ磬󷼽ǲʲôԲ˴󷼽㲻ˣҡҸ󷼽Ǹ
δɽһ仰˵תͷͿˡ
󷼿һۣ˵
ʤæһ۵ûµģòģһˣʲô밡
ҧҧ촽ԲҲġ󷼽㣬㲻ΪҺͺδ糳˰ɣ
ЦЦȻûСǸһֱܺãôΪһС³ܣҺ鵽ڣûûһܡ
Ǻδôˣ
˵˷ѣ
󷼽㣬㻹ǶأӸļޣȻܼ޸δˣ󷼽ãδҸδﶼеģȻ˴󷼽飬벻
ЦǰҲ벻ôδģȷģ룬ſϰɣͿɥżӵģҲû취ѽ̫ˣǺõҷա
⻰ɫһ½סˡ
δôã㲻𣿡
ôأ
˾СҪ֪ģΪͨҶ壬أȻˣ϶ˣ֪ġ
ҪڼǸɵˣءһ£Ϳ˳ȥ
һߣʤܿ϶һ³˳ȥ
ʤ׷˺һŰ׷ˣʤܵ۾ģһֻĿɰӣʤܵˡ
ŵҡѾŬˣǡǲϲңʤܸ磬ûµģˣȥɣˣΪѵġʤܸ磬󷼽⣬ǾͲˣҡȥҸˣ
˵ŻżŤͷҪߣʤܸۻˣͬʱԼ˷ŭ
ô£ֻҪ㣬ҪϲǺˡ
ʤܸ磬ô˵ҡĲΪѣȻȥɣˡ
˵Żųվȥ
ʤȻ׷ȥ
һ˻ؽǵĳӡ
󷼵ֵȣһֱûȵʤܺ
󷼵ɫЩѿǺδɽʱƿ˷ţֱӻˡ
󷼣δɽˣ˳;ˣ߰ɣҲס죬ɢɢġ
ںδɽ£˲١
Ծɲģ˽ǸŮҲϲ϶ҵĴǸʲôŮˡ
δɽųʲôû¹ҵݣ˵ʲôֻϲͲϲԼӣҺδɽŮˣȻϲûҪȥɫ
źδɽ˵⻰ԭƽ޲ȻͿ
Щʪ
ϾǴСίģû˶˵ԲίԼš

󷼺ͺδɽĻ£Ҫ˵жٸ飬ǿջ˶ûôദĸ飿
󷼼޸δɽֻҪδɽһɷѣδɽȢ󷼣룬Ϊ˺Ӱɡ
ĺȥˣǡȥĺӺ󷼵ĺӳȢ
һʱȻЩտյģǳˣ˦˦Դֿٻع
һˣֻץǮŲƭԼ
һ˺ܿ쵽˴
λش壬󷼳˲鿴ׯڣһСϺҲǴ㿴Ϻзզˣȵո󷼾ʹץˣһ롣
ȵ˴Ժȥ︽˿żȻ㳤øˣ⡣
ڣнļڣ󷼺ɽǺӵ˻ݵֲĽҲոʱ
˳·ȥ˿нȻƼãˡ
ǡϼͷҪܳȥϣ󷼱ͷȥվŻûУܳصϣѯһţûȤչн
ͷʶŵģǰͷ񣬺󷼹ϵ˼ҶȥɽһʣȥϵĳվţԶʶš
ϣ󷼵ȵϣʤܶûлԽ
׬ǮƷģмߣҲû̫ѹ
ȵ˵ڶ磬ֱһг
żҴҵҵ󷼣ͬ־нҪۣ
󷼵ͷǰ
ж?ҶҪˡ
󷼵Ҳ֪ҿԴȥ￴ʱڣԱ֤нʡ
ߣǿȥ
˵нֿۣ˻ԭĴֲܳøʤĲƣҪ׬ǮĿͨ˽ܣһЩʱʵ߲ˡ
ũ˶ȥʳȥˣЩֲ˱ˣнֵζƷҲһҩģƽʱ벻ܶҩҲҪģ͵½ļ۸񱻳÷
нˣĺѵõһζֻҪһЩʢĵطнļ۸Ȼļ۸ˣҲһԱëһļ۸
˭н˭Ǹɣû·չأнۣôأ
ۿһƬĽ֣Ÿ˵òû
ոȥҪһܽһĻڣӴнȥ׬Ǯ
ɶҲ˵˿ʼ̸۸
գëһļ۸񣬰енš
˵ü۸Ժ󷼾ǰæнˡ
нһԪǮˣ˶Ը󷼸ɻͷæɻһСɽһн
󷼿Żһнûأæͬ־ȫڳܶҪ֪ܱ̫á
ŵģǿ϶ܵġ
Ȼô˵ˣʣµĵأ󷼿϶˵ڶһˡ
ɩӣ峤ң̷˷޵ˣ紺ʱֲҲ˲ֽڼнȻĿǮҼ۸񻹲ͣһȺ˶ֻˡ
Ͱëһļ۸š
ŵڶװЩнֱӽˡ
ڽǣҵøʤʤæ·ʤȻǸ·ģЦӯӯĴӦ
תͷʤһ̣õȥӪԷ
ȻҵѪЩԶˣŵүүʤүүֵܣʤߣʤĸξΪϸģŵĸ׵ˣݶ䲻ͬʤ˲ࡣ
ȻʤǮʤֵܻǲģŵ˾Ĺʤæҵġ
ʤŪнɲףʳأû⣬нģ
ͬ־յġ
ʤһ⻰üǸ󷼣
ء
ϴε֮࣬Ҳյģ
ǡ
Ǻͨũͬ
磬˼һ˲ٵļѼأŪ˸ɽͷһľһɽ
׬Ǯ
磬ɲҪСЩũƷϴһչǧƿһҲ׬˺üǧȥֵô
Уúøš
ʤ񿴲С󣬵ǿõܸˣҲš
ֵ˳һٷʤص˴˼绰
һǧ˿ڣʤһнûгʡͱʤŪһаװãһһȥ˴롣
нǮҲѹ򵽣Ͻ˶нǸζʡҲв˰нζʤµİװкЩнһʮһӣȴʮԪһС
ȻʱԾɲԣԾǮ˼Ը⻨ǮЩ
ʤ׬һЩСǮ⣬ʱʱһѵõزϵ˼ҲԸ£ϵʱЩСǮѵǧ򱶵ġ
ȻҲõܵԭ֮һ
Ȼ֪нʡͷˣʹ֪ҲֻǶԱͷԵͣб뷨
һߣнǮɩӵ˵飬༤ˡ
һҾһĽǾһƽƽĵأҲջ˼ٽĽ
ÿҶһ׬ٶԪǮ
£ѵõľ޿ˡ
Ҫ֪£û˼ǮũһɻҲͼ±ʹͷҲٶԪǮѣЩǮҪճΣݣӵȵĿ
డһأóӵĿ;ĵʳԼķա
Ա֮£ɲ٣׬Ǯ
Щ˶ԽмˣͬʱҲ⣬ԺһҪ󷼵ĽŲߣܷư
ȴ֪Ȼëһں޵˼㡣
ǵ翴űߵĽĽ˼£ǵüǧɣǲ׬ǧǮ
˶ѯֽķӣǸ˽ģֲҪ㶼˴ˡ
˰¶˾ģһҲҪŶֲһЩ
ԶӺôĶʼɷߺˡ
Ҳֻ͵͵Ŀ˼ңܶʲô
˭д˶ϲһң󷼼һųأ
ֲҪ㣬Ҳ͵ˣҲģ꣬Ҳֲ

ŪһǮ
ʱС׶ԷûϢǸҵʦˡ
ΰϲ赶Ūǹɺδɽ棬øڵлѷͽܣÿһ
ȻлѷԼһ㣬ȭŹ׷棬൱ι̵ġ
мԼŮĽʧܣлѷ룬ԼҼӣ󷼼ӺлѷСĲ󣬺δɽӸѧˡ
лѷȻǻϲ˴Ӧ
һһ磬Ӿͱ͵ڣлѷȭŹˡ
ӷѧ磬ͽӻؼˣлѷֻҪпգ°ؼңͿʼźӴȭ
лѷҵĴŮͶŮֻѧ˰ʱʹѧˣֻ˵ҪͥҵСҲˣлѷóˣֻܴСкȭܲ
ллΰκ䣬ĸӳѵܣˣͻһᣬԺĸʵˣظлѷȭš

δɽ֮ӸлѷѧȭŹһŮСӢǱжԷŪģѧһЩȭŹԱؼʱҲܶ༸ֻĻ᣻δɽҪɽȥפأֻĩʱһӣʱֻܽһ׵˽̵ˡ
պлѷĺӽ⣬лѷҲ˺ҪúõĽ̵ӣδɽӸѧϰˡ
ƽлѷҲҵԼӡķ
ӣʱлѷʹӳܣźӽɽɽСֱܲ۵ģܻؼȥ
˶Ƥĺ򱻺лС˸뿪ˣлСҪŵңֻܴлСȥйˡ
ûƤҵĵܵС֣лСҲʲôֻ˹䣬ֻؼȥˣûǮŹӪʳֱˮ㲻Ǻܺá
лС˻ؼԺ󣬱ķٷ࣬һĸӣƵģٷҸոлķʱлӾ͸ȦһԺõǷ㣬ѬˣС·ȶضǣӬӴתٷµģ¶ЦݣĬĬʰ죬ʰøɸɾ
лС˻ؼңȴٷﶼ⡣
лСĿޣ˵ĵЩŮ˾ǲҪǱ˵ˣΪƤͿǸʲôȥɣ˼ˣ͵ʵʵģɱЩеûġ




51.  51   51 

ٷĬĬлС˵á, лС꣬ĵС, ˣûǸ뷨ֻǼչ˺, С˰̫, ҿô, ôõ, ôͲ֪ϧأ
лСˡޡһ, , 㻹˵ûǸ뷨
ٷҴͷһģС, ϲ˵, ְֻ, С, ˡ
ٷԽίͰ͵ģ, лС˾Խ, , ߺޡ
ѣ㣿ҰѣǲҪ
˵Ż, лС˻Ӷơžһ, һ¾ʹٷҵϡ
лСþٷһģһµ˵ϡ
ʱ, Ժűƿлѷƿһ˽պþͿлС˴˵Ļ档
лѷɫѿ˼¡
лСˣʲô
лС˾ŵתͷһ¿߽ӵлѷ
лѷʧôģôԴˣ
Ů˲ġ
лѷͬ־ӣҵĴѾŬúϲˣҡһ߰ɡ
лѷһۣ̾һáҰѹʷ㡣
˵ŻóһĹʣһµĹʣȻûһ£һǰһµĹʷɡ
һԣԭٷңһɵˡ
ٷû뵽лѷͬĻˡ
֪лѷһֱУ
лѷͬ־ʰһȥվﺢӣҸǸˡ
ûû£
ͷٷҰĶʰˣǣȴߡ
Ͼļûĵطûй
ȻˣѾ˵ˣǿ϶ջأֻĬĬŰ˳ȥ
ߵĺлѷлѷһ仰û˵
ɬĳ˳ȥ
棬һȴӽ˳ĬĬĸٷȥ
ٷߵվŲʱһŮ䵭
һݱķĹ
ٷ̧ͷһһ󡾵ɫСƤЬȿͻŮˡ
ǰŮ˴һӵ䣬˵ʱ򣬻һ˸еܴѹеһУѾ˿
ٷҾһֱֲǰŮ˵Ŀĸо
㡭˭
Ů˵Цһ£ҽ񣡡ӸµĿٷңͨٷңڴһƵģĿ쬵ģٷʶһ
ʲôҺʶ㣡
ǵȷʶһ£ӣǽǻеӣһˣҪһķԸģǮ㣡
ٷҵɴ۾һĲš
ΪʲôҪӶңزʶ
лѷҴ˵ıķɣҺлѷҸڵǺѣ˰ѣҸպҪһķΪ£룬϶Ըİɣ
ٷҪصңǼûĵطɩɩͲȻҪһݹġ
ûԥǣҵȷҪһݹлͬ־Ĺ
ţȻ߰ɣҵĳǱߡ
ãã
ŲԶСγԽĶϹϾˡ
ӴǻеǿǳĴ󳧣˼ķ϶ȸһûǮлѷǿ
̵˳ӡ
ųӣȴûֱӰ˴ȥңǰٷֱӴǵһԺӡ
ȽԺӣٷΪˣСĸԺӣӣȴٷҸҡ
ȵң¹ó·˷Ħǵ·ҳһƿȸݸٷңȥ·ٰƤһ¡
ٷҿһĦǵ·ٿǸȸ磬ֻżˣʵϲЩĦǵ·æȴ䣬·ӻˣְƵͿĨ˰ȸ硣
ȸôССһƿҪüԪǮأٷҿ϶òĻƷģڣȴʹá
ס飬ͿĨָԼͷ
վǰʱԭһ˫ڿٷҵʱ򣬿ʼ´
ٷĿ£̲סһ
ͬ־ʲôԾ𣿡
ûУһܺãһ˫Ьӡ
ɶ
ȴһóһ˫С߸СƤЬһ¿
ĸ߸Ьȥͺ͵ӰĦŮɲˡ
ٷһӿûдСƤЬأ͵İЬӴˡ
Ժٷұҡҷ
ٷҿһƬԺֵݸٷһȹӣһɫĳȹȥȹӻ߳˿ٷҵͷȻͷָٷһٷҴһ£˺һ¶ɫ
ٷҿ˿ԼƮƮһ˫۾ģ޳񻡣
ν˿װôһ´磬ȫǸıķ
һԣ·ݸٷң⿪ʼԹһҲ͸ˣʱ㻻Ŵ
ǣǣллŮʿ
߰ɣøһؼȥˡ
ٷԣɵĸţɫֺá
ڻеʽ˶ʮԪһ£Ұոʽ˵Ĺʸ㣬һöʮԪ
ллллͬ־Ǹˡ
ЦЦٷһۣ㲻ظлңȵҷңŶȵú˵ãҷұһķģǸķ˵ͦʱ㿴ôҵĹţҵɷϲ㣬ֻˣֻһµĻᣬҪ޷ֻʧȥݹˡ
ٷҴһæҿ϶úøɻġ
ζЦһ£Ҳ˵ֱӴ˻صҵСԺȥˡ
ڽҵԺԴӻؾԺѾüûˡ
ʱ򣬽˻Щ֣̿нϷѺţֻǸһ绰ؽǣٺ绰ûһ
ǽǻе󳧵ĳˣҲܼǧˣаǡ
ԣȥ˾Ժ󣬽ûȥ˻
ھǵʱһֱţȰȰȽͣںޣǣûеȵ
Ȳ飬Ҳ
գԼˡ
ٷȥŵʱõԺţȴܾöû˴򿪡
óԿ׿ţԿײȥԿ״򲻿š
ٷһĵŮʿӵԿף񻻹ˡ
ɲǣϣ˶ݺݵĴ˺ݺݵһǶ⣬ķߺ֮ɫһƬֵ̣ĵû£ȥСȥʮ·Ǳ߰ѿ˺
ǣͬ־
ٷҺܿȥֿںһˣʦŹߣʼһһǴŵֱӱƻˣµֱӻϣֱӵݸµԿס
ڼ䣬¥ϣһ΢ˡ
ǣ˼ʹȴ֮
ʱ򣬴һ·ĽϷ˶ݺݵĴ˹ȿ񣬽Ϸըˣʲô㡭㾹ˣ
䵭ĵԼļңŰòţѵһţ
ŰСǮڼ𣿡
ʱǮ鴩һɵ˯۴Ӷ¥һģ㣬Բû
⻰ɫһ䣬˭㣿ҵҲһķܽеģ
˵ŻӶƣžһһ¾͸Ǯһơ
ǮʶסӣһĿֻţеϷȥ
ϷˣȡҡȾҵġ
˵ŻסĶӣ
ͽüˣһֱûкӣϷǰһ֪Ǯ黳ˣһǽĺԺɣ;Ѻ
ʱϷ˵ɫЩÿǮӣýүӰѷŹϣŵСʲôƽ㣬󷽶µģôᣬ̰˯һҲӦõģ˯һôˣ㲻ͶһͲܵˣܵͱҰ
˵ŻЩĿһۡ
ӷǣֻþսԼȭͷ
񵭵ĵˣȻطϢˡСȥ´ĴƷЩģȫȥӸؤ
ǣŮʿ
ٷ˵ϷſһԵٷңϷһϲĵŮ˭ô˽ݣ
ҵıķԺͺǮһ˯һݰɡ
ɶҪǮ˯һݣôУ
ôˣ
Ϸ촽Щһԡ
Ȼˣ
ΪǮ黳ǽҵĶ磬ǽΨһĹ⡣
ԣȻܺһһסˡ
ǣȻϷǮѺٷҼȱ֤˺ռҵףֱ֤˽ҵ⣬ȻûǰϷûֱӰѻ˵ڡ
ϷĵУ˵оǲУ

ȴЦһ׷ӣǻеķʱǻеԱҲһݣУǾǮҵļң
˵ŻŸ߸Ьֱ϶¥ȥˡ
ƬԺ󣬶¥Ĵʲôģֱӱ˳ٷСһԴ׸
¥£Ϸڶ񶾵áš
һֻµĸվſλʺƾɶҪҲĳЩµĸԶ㣬ǸˣûûƤĶȻܳȥˣǾͱˣǼҿûص
ϷһָɣֻûֱӶáˡ
һڷĴߣĿǳĿնһһ䡣
ȽϷáһ磬ۿɫӵķŴˣɷ򽭳ƣ˽
ɲǣǮͼҴҵܹȥš
ˣС¹ײһϧɫֱýģ޲ð§ڻһ
Ѿ˶֮ˣһֱûһӣһ˵Ĳ
ǮһԺ󣬲ôһΣǮˣԭҴȥӻٵͷȴȻȥˡ
ǣջؼǮ飬ǮĶӣ̲ס¶˼ڴɫ
ӣ
Ƕĺˡ
ǲģͬʱҲҪӡ
룬պûкӣǮѺٱߣ˵ĺӱǡ
ǲ˺ӣҲ顣
һԣ˺ӵʱ򣬽ϷҲһ߹Ŷһţʼ꺮ů
ҵĶϰ࣬š飬ȥҶѷ˶˹
գ˵ŻŶӣųȥĶѾʼˣҪ⴩ԻĶӣȻˡ
ٷұʱ߹ģ̤Ÿ߸ЬƮƮ߹ȣĵ飬ӴˣˣЩɡ
˵Żһȥ˳ڵݸʱ˵ָ⣬һ¡
ȥͼٷҴų¶ѩ׵Ĳزųһ˹ȥ
ٷҵ·ģϸ£زҲС򣬷ǳָС
ǸˣԴǮ黳УüûпˣһʱЩ
ٷҺߴӵĿ˽һۣС¹ײһӵģŤƨ˵ȥˡ
˭
ٷĵǷıķ
⻰Ȼĵͷˣ黳ˣȷӦķתͷĸ裬Ҿ˵Ǹģ϶ƴġ
Ϊӵ飬ϷѾ˵ˡ
ϷأΪѾˣͬⱧӵˣĸһͬʱҲ˼ֵĵ⡣
զһһȥţֻҪǿڣ϶ռҵĹϵġ
һӳԳԺȺȣò֣ûк¥ϵ
ٷҿ˿ֵһˣô͵͵һʳ¥ϵ˹ȥ
ͬ־Ҹͷˡ
ˣȥɡ
ǣͬ־
ٷ¥ȥˡ
¥£Ϊɷ򣬽֪ԼûгԱ㣬һ˿һĵӣŻطȥ
ŵʱ򣬷Ȼŵġ
񣬿š
ĮԺ󣬲Ҫҵķ
㻹ôô£ڵİţһжΪð
ʲôţ
ŮôûжӣᱻЦģȱ¶ӣʱ򱧹ǵĺˣֱˣ˵ҪлأǸһӣ㣬ʲôûж㻹Ǹ߸ϵĽˣʲô඼ܣǾͶһӣ
ⷬ˵Щû³һѪ
ȫû뵽Լ꿴ϵˣȻôİ
޳֣Ѿǰˣ
һĵˣҺúϢɣСչ˴ҵıķʲô飬ǾʹС
У֪ˡģ˻㣬˵λԶġ
˵껰ֵһȻˣһûУֻȥͷ˯ȥˡ




52.  52   52 

, лѷڸٷҽùǮԺɫĿлСˣ, лСˣȥǽǱվţûҵ, һֱվˡ
лС˶ݺݵĵûд, ƾʲôվţŮ, ҵŮ, Ǻˣ
лѷĵ, ǲǺ, Ȼǣ֪𣿡
ûд˵ŻһŤͷ, һ³˳ȥ
лСˣ
лСһŤͷ, ܵûӰӡ
лѷɫѿ˼¡
⺢ŶһԲ, ҳ, Ļ, Ǹһ䶼
Ȳ˵⺢Ӵżĺ͵Ǯ, ⺢Ӷٷ˵Ƿ񶾵Ļ, лѷ;úѹ
벻Ӿ񶾵ĳ̶ˡ
ٲܽ, ӻѱĺӶһ
Ȼмͥԭºӵ, ǣӱҲв⡣
лѷֻоƣ, ʱл㱵룬Ҳҿ˼ûм޸ĸӣһлС˾͹ͷ۵ˣͬ޸Լ϶е
룬ˣǲʺϻġ
ǣĺӲọ̀ܽȥԺ󣬼Ҳи˲Уʱлѷһ£һ
лѷıһδϹţϹʱйһδ򣬵δξԺһֱûлԺһֱûδӰӣϹűһֱûн顣
ڣϹҲʮˣԾһˡ
ԺҪһ⣬лѷϹŽӹϹϰʱտӣȹˣϡ
뵽лѷԽ룬ԽԼ
Ϲǰݿɲ򵥣ԭʱҵŮֻϹŵĸǰѼҵܹ⣬ϹŵδξлѷȶǾˣǳ˶ϹŲû̫ܵǣ
ҲϹŵĳǰܹõĽģϹŵĸף˽̵ϹţϹҲϹŮѧŮ̬Ͻ˽̵ӣǲѡ
ϣлС˻Ժлѷһ䲻ӡ
лСأΪ¾ôˣԽĵˣߣڰǸŮ˸ˡ
˵ڶ죬лѷһǼȥ˽лռֱȥվֱ˳ƱȥС
ϹסھһԺһĿǰĹɨ
˶ϹȻû·ţҲûǻǰԭĹȥˣһɧĹ
ǳ˶ȻˣϹȴֻȵҲܾ°ŵĹԾһɨĹ
лѷҵϹŵʱϹһ£Ӧ˰лѷտһӵҪ󣬲ȴûдӦһֱлѷлѷã϶һֱлѷġ
Ϲŵ䣬лѷŰӳȥϹſԺӵӣֱ⡣
лѷЩ飬ֻ˺ü죬ŴϹŻȥˡ
صǣлѷȥлС˵˵ʱ򣬼ڿɲǣлһӾ¶һı
лסлѷϵܣɻˣţݡ
лϱһϲİϹŽӽӣлѷļӿϹţϹɫļӶɶϹŵ۾ʶ˺һ
һߣлհлѷݣлѷϵܣ⼸ӣ̫ˣ⼸죬һ۵ĹǺӴ⼸ˣһ챻䣬лСһˣҵڶ죬Űҵ
лѷɫѿ˼£ˣ

лտЦϵܣӷģҪ˵ֱӰѺͻȥɣһӲ׵ģֲµĺӣҪôˡ
磬Բ𣬸ɩ鷳
鷳鷳ģԼֵܲ˵ЩҪɣ͵Ǯ͵͵ʮԪǮԼȥԳԺȺȣһһЩ⣬͵͵ԣȳˣŴӽܳлնһ£ӣӸϻˣϵܣģѺͻȥɣԼĺӣΪ룬СӻСڻ£ֻҪúýܰѺӽ̺ãǴǸʮˣˣụ̀ܽ㲻װ֣ǸŮޣԽùˣϵܣ㻹ᣬҲΪδ밡㻹ᣬѵĴһӵϹ𣿡
лѷĬһ£磬ֺӣҵĴΪļ໤ˣûаܺã磬͵ߵǮһ㣬ںӣҲߵģҴӦսѣĺչ˺ãһʮꡣ
㡭㡭ˡϹŽӹҲã˰ģ˸չ˺ӣҲܰѹúõĸţܲһֱһСطŰ
磬ԲΪҲˡ
лļ̾ϢŽȥˡ
磬лѷлռ緹󣬾ʹĸӣϹһˡ
·ϣлСЩµĿϹţлѷְ֣ôˣҪȥﰡ
ûòǰְֵĹţǰְֵĳҲǵĳǺ棬ԺǵļˣԺȫ˶ҪТ˳棬Т˳棬ְְˣ
ʲôӻҪһҲͬ⣡
лѷĵлСˣô˵ģ棬Ǽ˭Ҫɾᡣ
лŵǼңẢӡǼңʵߡ
ʲô
˼ǣǼңҶǹƽģңΪ곤ǣТ˳ңǣΪӣΪ׾Ҫ˶Ϊһĸ壬ǼҶǹƽġ
һԣĸƶǶ
лС˾һ䣬ǹƽģ̫Źܲͷˡ
ȻصлѷлŽ˼䣬ԼĹʽлſ֧תͷϰȥˡ
лС˿ǮǷ۲ǮȥӪԴȣ
ǣǮʲôʱң
ѣ
ԣ
ְһʮԪǮҪһָǶʱ·Ь࣬һЩǮԤҩǼһͶʮԪǮѣҪһú̿ⲿԪǮһͣһһԪǮԻʣʮԪǮҪˣһʮ죬ÿֻܻëǮˣ
ʲôһҲҪһëˣÿֻܻëûˣҰǷǮأ
֮ǰְ˵ˣ֮ǰÿȥծˡ
лС˲ĵƲƲ죬ҲҪ·ҲҪҩҵԼܣʮԪǮƽ֣ǷݸҡԼ˵ģ
лŵУʮԪĻǼһˣҵԼǮͲˣ㣬һһԪǮѣǮҿԸ㣬£ܶκʳȻҪҵĳͷ
ðɡ
лŰԪǮлСˡ
лСǮһ̾ˣһĽǲҪ
лȥѼĳ񶼻еʳȫʼٷʳ
ϣлСһȥӪԷĳʳϡ
Ҳȥô٣ͰǮһɶ
ȻͷԾɻȷˣҪԵġ
ʱϹŵĽȥִлС˾һһ¿
һԣлһ仰˵
Ϲ̵ĵԷ˵ŻлӳԷһ߳ԣһߵСˣѸԼ֧ˣûʳˣҪôҲûа취
ʲô취
ɻ
ҲŲأߣ˵ŻŤͷˡ
ϹҲżˣеʱʰӡ
лС˵͵ΪڸһͳˣȥţҲû˴һȦһڷûԵҪ͵ʱܷΪüΣЩ׷ֱҧƨɡ
գлСֻܻؼȥ
ȥԺ󣬼жһʳûС
лС˶żӲͦһٷ
ǻеڶ٣٣
ÿγȥ͵Ǳ׷׷ÿװû˺ؼҳԷĲеʱҲֻܰչ̶ȥϹŸɻ
һΣϹлСϴ룬Сͷ

⵱ȻԣԺܿ˵ڶΡ
ϴ·ϹŸͷɨأһ߲ˣϴ·ٸһڼԡ
һѻƸ뱥ȴ۵òС
лС˹Թ˯ȥˡ
ڽʮûѣԽÿ죬ֻϹɻ׬ԵģһΥϹŵĹأлС˾ͻܵͷ
Щͷǳ֮࣬Ҫô͸Ϲ
ҪǲϹлС˶ŶӣһڷԶԡ
ԣϹлԺû죬лҵĺӾ͸ʵˡ
濴ţʵˡ
ʱҲϹϤ
ϤԺ󷼷ϹŲ̋䰮ĵ̨󷼲ɺĵţ𣿡
лŵһӢģģġ
֪ϢǷǳ𾪵ģ˾µĵĸлţͽǸѧϰġ
лŵ˵ͷӦˣðʦֻÿչȥѧϰʱ
ȣҲû£ӱ͵Ժӣлѧϰлѷ͸ԼԺŪһڰˣƽæлÿ̵лҵĸѧϰ
лųģȻᵯá
лŵ򿪣һϾɵãÿգдֵʱóһԺﵯһ¡
ϴ÷׾·˵żӣ̲סǧܵϴ
ллСˣʱҲ̲סӵᡣ
ԴˣϲĻǸлѧϰ
󷼵ӣĻʦҲˡ
лһλŮдһֺ鷨˵ửǹһɽˮر񣬺ÿ黭ˡ
ѧϰ棬ȷҪֵģлһĽ̵ѧһ󷼵Ӷģдˣʱʱ쭳һӢлҵļӣдùһԶѧҪ㣬ӢǸʲôƵģһ򵥵ľӶǲá
лҲżԾĽ̵š
δɽʱ֪лסлѷȥݻһ֮䣬ǳлš
Ȼصδɽ󷼵μ񵽱ˣлŲһ˰̵ӣˡ
лǰʲôݰ
лǰϹƽѧġ
ĹлԺ󣬺δɽܸ׼һãȻѧϰǿ϶ѧϰ߲С
ɽ磬Ŷ
ѧǸ˵δɽĸ첲Щð˼Ƥ
δɽæú˵!УԺԺҴɽ磬ҡϲǲ׼ˣ֣
͵ЦŤͷˡ
ˣҲԽԽˣʱأҲĥµ׬Ǯ·ˡ
һ첻׬ǮͲܰġ
ʱ룬ܽᷢʲôֻҪǮչ˺ӡ
ǮŮ˵ĵ
ȣʢʱһг̣һĥʲô׬Ǯ⡣
ǶˮˮбĶֱҲˮǾˮģΪζǮһ룬Ҳвȥˮȡ
ϧûб䰡ȻǿŪ
ǱںбֶؼǼ۸УƽҲѵ
ʱı䣬Ǿۣһֽı䣬ڼ۸̫Сϸûбֶڡ
ԣЩѵģǣһЩرˮҲǲԣ
ǣû˱ɾʧɫˡ
ԥһ£󷼻ȥվˡ
ţʤı𣿡
⣿Щɴ۾
Щ˼ӲͷƤԣ⣬£Ǯ˵
ͬ־Ǯ
󷼳һ£ÿһԪǮұ֤ѱŪ
Щҿ԰ʣҲ֤Ҵ⡣
Уʣ۸ġ
С
󷼶ǳģԸ໨һǮ±䡣
ڶ죬ŴϢʤͬˣҪÿԪǮ
󷼼ûԥӦ
ȻֱӰѱ͵˼
ʤͬ־֪һ±䣿
ЦأҸ˵϶ġ
˵껰˳ȥ
ʱԺһߣڽǣʤ֧µıһЦˡ
ʤзӴ򿪱гˡ
ԭʤͨ߼۽һ䣬ڱ޸һʱѻﻳԼ۹⣬ΪԼҪѱһǮʱȴûõ󷼾ôһ⡪䡣
ûҪѱȥֻҪЩùԺ󣬾ͻ벻ֶģĻܿȥ׬һʡ

˱ԺԽˡ
СѾв˿̯ˣ˱䣬ҲСŪ档
󷼵ٶȺܿ죬ǡñĴſڣһõĿⷿñĳ˵һԺñĳʹӦˣһԪǮ
Ժ󣬾Ϳʼ׼̯ˡ
һͰʯҰѷӷˢȻΣ䣬ȥװһЩϱȣС̯׼ҵˡ




53.  53 ѧ׷   53

ñǵеĵ, ˶°࣬һȺеõۡ
ԣԱߵҺȻ, һȺ˶ˡ
󷼵꣬ӪǸ̲裬ˮɳ, Լµĵġ
󷼵ĸȻ참ģǵ, ֮, Ҳ, , 󷼵ĸرһҶ, ҶΣϴɾҶŽҶֳ֮࣬СƬ, ˺춹ǻߺ춹, ƤŴ׵, ׵, űһķζ
Ȼ, ֳʳ, , ȴصķζ
Ϊ͹Ծ, ˺춹, С֮ࡣ
˿ҵһ죬ܾûҲˡ
ͦУ֪󷼿һµ, һڰŵһԣһıˮһСӵĵ⣬һš
͸ϱˮԵرˣǾµĸżŲݮһҪһڣ˵滹бԺ󣬲˱ʾ𾪵ͬ־Ҳ̲סԾԾԡ
УԸⳢģŮͽһЩʳ
һʳͣñԱЩÿ챻緹ޣڷ󷼿ˣʡ
̵ʳйһЩģȻҲб˵ġ
һЩʳˮҶεȣһЩݮ⣬̲֮࣬ȻҲ˸ֵˮٱԲ֮ĳʳЩʳ۸ˣʺϴڣڹĹ˵ˮƽ֮࣬СüӣÿҲмٶǧ˵ȣôҲĹˡ
һһԪǮÿŴˣȻǿ϶ôǰѣǣÿһٸ˹̲裬̲ͺ׬Ǯˡ
Ȼˣ̲軹Ǹֵˮٱǳļ򵥣ֻҪб䣬ѧ
ӪҵһСʱԺ󷼶˲дˣΪʵ̫ˣйɩӰæŶӵĿԾųĶ顣
һŷ񣬴ʱҲ˹ӣҲæ
㣬ҿɲˡ
ʵæ
İæٶȾͿ˲١
ڵ棬峤ϱæʰ˶µ̸ֵɾڵһ߸׼ʳһǮ
ˮ֮඼кõģҲ׼õģֻҪ˱Ӽϱ飬ˮɵС֮ģһ̲Ϳˡ
Ҳҿĩйɩӵǰæ
緹ԣǶŮӣæ÷˹˵ȿһЩһһģͷ緹ˡ
̲ס̾û뵽ôһҵ̣⾹ôá˵Ż¶˼ɫ
ԺҲʱ˵ˣ󷼵㣬ϴȥ㣬ûڽǣȥˣ
һ̽ˡûж˵ʲôɫЩį
󷼹һʱ䣬ЩȻ
дʱӦõǮ黳еʱǮС͵ĺǸкΪԭŮĿɽ֮һûٸ󷼵ʹ
鲻ã϶ѾǮ͵˽е顣
С飬Ȼ񣬵ҪԼ߳󷼱⣬㣬µɽͷֲĢҿأֶٹ£ǾͿԴˡ
ͷͦáӣûпȥǣȥǿꣿ
⻰һµɴ۾
Ȼ˼ǹģڽǺ;ǣзӣٽ֣һ俪꣬Ը⣬һϻ￪ꡣ
ȻԸģУ㣬ǿ俪£Ҳĳʳ㣬ֻҪɾˡ
˼ҵģʱӪҪҲ󷼾ռɾͲˡ
æвУ׬ǮķģռɾС
㣬ô˵ȣǷ֮ıǮģʱ򽭳Ǻ;ǣ϶ҲҪȥտ㣬ҴӣûտôԶȳֳӦռͷ
ȴ˰죬ԶԷԽˡ
ǰ˶ΪԷ롣
ֻˣΪõģѡ
գǺ;ǵĵ̣ռɣռĳɣдЭ飬ֱǩְӡ
Ҳ̵Ҫ˵һ£ڶͻؽǳﱸȥˡ
ʱϵýͬʱڽǺ;Ƕٰѵ̿
ʵڵ߲ûȫķſǸұҲǳڳ￪׬Ǯĵ꣬һ˳ȥ
Ҳ󷼰ѵ̴ͷøԵ֮һ
ϣ̫æµ󷼵ĵڱˡ
һΣһ£ô峤ҵĹŮ͹ɩӵǰæˡ
峤ĹŮ÷ӣɩӵӽк棬Ůǵ͵¹ڿ̤ʵЩߡ
󷼸Ůһ״ɫӵȹӣ׼һ׸ӵñӣڹʱ򣬰ñӴͷϣͷƵ
ֻŮ׼˼סر֤ɻʱָܹɾ̬
̷棬ڴֲҩͷֱʻƿ
ɾԼ΢Сʵһ³ΪСϲĵط
СͶԼᣬҲԼطһӵ̲裬ζܹһֿ
һߣصǣͿʼ׼ˡ
ڻسǵŮ֪ûй̫ˣ˵лƿ²ǹӪҵҲвԸɡ
űȽʵڿŮԣʰԺ󣬾׼
Ȼ̱ز٣ʤһ̨䣬ԾÿԪǮ̲ʱ򣬾׼ҵˡ
ֽ̲Сˬ̲ꡱԺһֱ֡
ڿҵĵ죬ֱס̲ӣٻصҾסڽҵҪƷҲʰˣֻһЩ·ӣһûкͽѵģ
ȴʹ⣬ǮѺΪ֤ݣȥ潭һݲɳӣҾµŮˣһ˵ʱƴһȥһˣþӰˣɾ˵һС
˵ˣ˺ù
أֻѾЭˣֵǮĺĻ죬ȥæҵҲĬˣҲʣֻŵȺԺýȥ弸䣬˸
ʲôҪϧǴûϣôôõ飿
Ǹˣǵʲôľż
æµҵŮģæҵԭ꣬޷˵ĿǱú˲١
棬ǵ޵ǵʱĸóױǮķӣԼŮʲôʱ򣬶иԼļҡ
ѡرãڽϽֵȦΧһӰԺһٻãһ͵ĲгһҽԺеȡ
ҪģһС
ȻڷżˣͬʱҲиʱˡ
Ե˿ҵһ죬ģ̲˳Ķ顣
ڴܳһһܣοҵ껹һ۸߰ıأ˶䵽ǸʲôģģԼˬ̲ʲôġ
ȻˣǶ⣬̲迪ҵһͻˡ
̲֮࣬Ļб񣬲Ļỵǰ̲ˣڳԺ󣬾û˵õġ
һӪҵԺ󣬱Ҳһ
ڸͬʱ˻еΣʵ֣һ»ûһԪ롣
̲굱Ӫҵﵽ߰ԪǮ
ÿӪҵһٶԪǮģӪҵһҲǧԪǮˣڿ۳ɱԺÿ׬ǧԪ⡣
ͨ˵ĹʣʹǼˣҲʮԪǮˣһ׬ǧԪǾһ˵ˣѾۻ˿ԪǮˣ̲һ£ͳΪʵԪˡ
ò˵ľ
һӪҵﵽ߰ԪǮȻûп۳ɱǴ֪ɱģеǳľ
ͬʱҲһ˵ĳɾ͸кø
ȹԺֱӻص˾ǿȥˡ
ǵĵ̣޷տҲֻҿ׵һϻﾭӪǵĵ̵ֻҪɵó׵ѰæӪһϻѾǵĵ̿
Ҳ̲䷽Ҫ㶼д
ھæ˺ü죬ſٰѵ̿
Ȼˣҵֱ̣ȽǵҪǿ˲٣ĺϻ飬ǺһԺһҵ꿪Ҳû鷳̿˳ֻŷǮͺá
ʱ˻ǱȽӵģһ
ѵõ䷽Ժ󣬲û˦Լɵ뷨ȻˣҲںĺΪõ˺ܴջ
ϣ󷼵ĵ̺ܿΪֵĵط
ʱ򣬷󷼵ĵ̫֣żһЩӣ֮ˮۣЩ󷼵̸ã˵ڶˡ
Ȼˣڷ󷼵̵ĺԺ󣬺۲Ҳǲٵġ
ɵӣϸϸһ£һ¾󷼵̵Ŀ϶û׬Ǯ
ǣ֧һ̯λ̯
ڰ̯ʱû˹ܵģʱ󷼿϶Ҳ˵ʲô
СȷЩ˼Ⱥ࣬˾󷼵ĵ̷򼷡
һΣһŮһ̯󷼵ĵ̸ǰֱӰһŶӵĿ˶һԡ
߹ȥĵͬ־̯߰ҵĿ˶ˡ
Ů˵ҾһһҾ߰
С
󷼴Ӧ
ȹһŮȴһֱûߣ෴Ů˰̯λ󷼵̯λԭúõĵ̣һ͸Ū߰ġ
ֻ߹ȥͬ־ʲôʱߣǰ棬ҳǮñģһǮģ㲻Ҫռҵĵطҵĵ̶𣿡
Ůõĵٰһ
ŮȻ˵Żһ㶼û뿪˼ط˺ܶ࣬ʱȥٵƬ
˵ڶһ磬Ů⵽󷼵̸ǰ̯Ұ˵ĵ̸ڵסˡ
󷼵ĵȽСֻڵһӣ˼ӹϢԺȣŮ˵Ƴ󷼰ڷεĵطռһ飬󷼷ͷۡ
ͬ־һ£
ŮƲһۣûĵضֲģƾʲôã
󷼸˵˼һҪռҵǰλãǰɣ
Ҿռզģ
󷼸òУ˵ֱ߹ȥ̯λΪƵˡ
ҵ̯λ
ôƣռҵĵطˣ
Ů˲ˣһ³󷼴ܣһԣɩӺʹ峤ϱһ³µզģզģܲУ
Ů˿ǰˣһ򲻹һˡ
ҵţ⣬Ҳú⡣
ŮתͷƳˡ
ûж룬ֻôˣ磬ȴ˼С졣
⼸һ̲Ժ󣬾µҵ̲ɾвӬˣңǮʲô̲裬ȻвӬǮӣȻӲˡ
ɫһҵĵ϶вӬԽǵǳɾ
СЦһ˵ͰһԵȫƷˣɾƱ磿Ӳˡ
˵ŻҪȥ̲Ķ
Ҳʱлѷպ·̲һŻһţһ°һߵһԡ
лѷ߸ŵļ߹˵ٹȥѼסˡ
ô£
ݺݵĵƾʲôץǣҵĶɾ
æ￪ôãûй˿ͳԵӣҵĵǳģĶһɶҲһɶûвӬɣĲӬҵĵ̣ҵĵ̣
лѷǰɣ˶ǰɣߣҵһˣ
˵Żѻȥ
챻ߣѿɫ͡
Ⱥ֮ǰƬռ󷼵涫ŮһңҴˡ
ɩ߹϶Ǹ̯ƬŮ˸ɵġ
ŮǺݶûǵ̣ôֵĵطú⣿Ǵ⣬˵лռǵλãңռɣǵ̣治Ǹ
󷼵ɫҲѿû뵽ŮôƷ
Ҳҿлѷڣлѷæôһ£Ӧʱȥ
ϻؼң󷼴˼̲裬ݵģֱӸڵлѷ˹ȥ
лѷͬ־ǳл㣬ɰҴæˡ
лѷãӦģѶûȥɡ
æǸŵл񣡡
лѷȴֻ󷼰Ѷˡ
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һۣͷȥˡ
лŰ󷼵ĶӹȥлҵĺӣÿӸһݡ
лŵ֪Сܸɣǲ
пմźȥҵ̳͡
Упյʱһȥġ
Ȼ˵֪ȥˣҲֻǻǮȥ򣬲׳Ա˵ĳʳ
󷼺˵˼仰ԺתͷˣŵʱлСڳɵϴʰлС˿󷼿ȥ⺢Ӷһ⺢ӻڼǺ޵ʱҪʳܾ顣
лһۿȥлС˻æԴҺ󷼶ˡ
ҡҡͷ˳ȥ
ߵſڵʱǡÿδɽ˳ˡ
æӭȥɽ磬ˣ
δɽӳ״ĵôȥлѷȥˣ
ڵæһЩл
δɽƿ󷼣ʲôæ
գһ۾ҿ꣬мСңлѷæ˴ˡ
δɽͷʲô£һҪҡ
á
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κѾԺܺõıˣ֣ҿˣ֣Ҹ˺óԵġ
˵ŻͳһС鵰⣬ɺóˣġ
⻰˵ĺδɽĶڻˣòסӵͷ
ΰ֣ˣÿ춼˰Сʱ̵ȭҿÿ춼ˡ
δɽЦСӣҿĽڴһ׸ҿ
֣ˣ
˵ŻΰӶȭͷȭδɽ̵׾ȭӴģˡ
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κЩ֣ҲϲѧЩ
δɽ⻰ɫǲûкúûкúְֱҪ㣡
ְ֣
κ˾촽һĲˣδɽڴȭְֿ
źδɽŵݣκڹԹԵĴһȭȻģһûϰ
ְֺʧκ䣬쿪ʼÿҪȭҪ顣
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󷼵Լ࿴ɣǶ£Ҫ˿öۡ
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СѷŴ򿪣ȷվ
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Сԥһ£ǰ·ˣ㣬һǮҰ·Ǯ㡣
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⻹м٣ϴҶӿǺˣԣŵķˣͼСĿϡ
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ǰ¥ðСţæС˵ˣСæϹȥҶʶҲûţ
۱ĸ⻰ŭ۱裬˵Ҳ?㲻ǺҶ˵ˣʶҶӱһŮܼ޵ı˼Ǽĸ֣ɱûˣʲôأ
СˣһȺĿ⣬Ȼ׹ҵʱ;ܾˣҾûôҪ˼ң׾Ͻʣ޹ȥҪļӼŮȫϴҪ׬Ǯȫң˲ɣûǮͱӭ¥Է԰ͣ죬ʶӣҲøǮǮ߳ӭ¥

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գӭ¥ľ߹Ǯֻܰ͵ɳ
⻰۱ֱŵˣŮͣװѷǮˡ
£ӵڶ쿪ʼ۱͸һӭ¥¥£ÿ˵ҪС°࣬һò˵ģСĳʲôģ
С˰ɣվӭ¥¥£ʲôҪ˰ɣԼģÿε°࣬ЦСͬ´кС׶۱󣬸лƽҼСչ˰
ոһգʹСܾΧСҲͿ۱ıǩˡ
˽Χûˣ۱ݺݵĵǣͽ踶Ǯ㾹Ұһ٣ӵţȽҼҵĴţҪܣ
ǰһʱ˺תͷޡ
ƫƧαװһƢãõĺģ
ͬȰ˵ССͼ޸۱ɣ˼һСѧʦƢֺãôһ󲻴ġ
СٰͣҲû˻˵һӵĿˮ޴˵
µĶûκεĳɣʹӦˡ
ΪģֻЩҸ󣬰۱ߵԶԶġ
·״ɫȿ㣬ٴһ˫ߵĺɫСƤЬʱֶׯСҲһ壬һ·ԽԵ񻡣
żҵü඼Сһֱ괵ͷͷɵ˼򣬶ңСͿĨһ¿ں죬Сȥȥˡ
ףԼϽֵˬ̲꣬λС䡣
ҵ̵ĵװ޷ǳ£ʻȣΧϣÿ˽ͬʱֲõĿռ̫ܷ⣬ڰȫ
ܵ˵ҵ̣Ѿ˽˵һֳ꣬رá
Сʱ򣬰Ѿһߴˡ
Ų̧ͷһ¿ͷŵ⣬ʱֶׯŮӣӣ˲ͣСϡ
СǰЩ죬Ȼ֪˭ˣⲻ׼
ʱ껹ϴˣ˵һλ
СЩŵģʱǲˣ෴ϴı֣¶Ц
һԣڻع
㡭ãҡ׵ġ
ãҽСС¶õЦԽԵ󷽣ǰƲĿ⡣

㡭ã
ʲôѽ
ҽФɰأҽʮߣ
Сͬˡ
ҽҲʮߣ
ӶЦһϤ١
Фɰصǲ㣿
˼
СɵһڽĹ԰׽֣㡭㻹ǵ𣿡
ôһѣФɰһ»عͬʱһ±ЩΡ
Фɰصϴ׶û𣿡
ûأ
ҲûɣФɰ¶ϲЦݣʲôȥ
⣬ҶС
Фɰر߳ȥ̲裬ĵġ
˿ʼһߺһ졣
һ죬СԽȻˡ
ǰˣһԱΨһȱ̫
Ψһȱ㣬Сȱ㣬û̫Ȥʱֻ
˼и߰Ĺʺദܸʱ䣬·ǳʺ
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Фɰصͺ͸ĸֿסˣһ£ҸĸһסҲ԰ȥ
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ФɰҲ뷨˾Խĺˡ
ٳŵʱФɰɵ㶵ĵСͬ־䶼Сɶʱȥ֤
Сһ£Ҫȴ
УҲУ
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54.  54   54 

ȵʱ, Ժ֪֨֨ĽиͣһԴ
, ǳȥһ°ɡ
裬ȥˮСӹˮ
ͷ, ˮ, С, ɲˮ
ǺӵԾϲˮ, 󷼵һ仰ֹġ
æϰ, Ҳû, Ҵҵĳˡ
ȻصʱЩûΡ
ӳ˯ʱ͵͵İѼˮͷţԼˮ档
ҲΪˮ, ѼӶûˡ
󷼻صʱ, ˼ʲô, һһ⵹ˮ, ֪Լ, ʵ˲, һ԰æˮ
סŭ, Ժĵ, ֪𣿡
ΰ, 裬ûҾˮѣҰˮȥ
󷼵, ΰ¡һˮǺԴЩطˮˮΪǵĵطȱˮϴ·Ҫˮԣʹ۹ˮҲߴԶĵطȥˮˮǻǵģԾˮȣԣӵˮʱ򣬾Ӧϡˮ˷ˮ֪ˮΣһѼĵûͻɴ磬ӵеĵƣǰװ˵ߵģһ©磬ͻ˵Ҫˮ貢ûͬ⣬˽͵͵ˮǲԵΪӦ費ˮǾҪ˽͵͵ȥˮ棬Եһ취ԼˮͷϹ棡
Ŀȫûߵµ·ߣȻһ©磬Ҳ֪ᷢʲô顣
£ȥһԷվʡԼĴ
Ӳףӷ˴󣬴ҲûãҪһһ̵
ϰһ죬ѾǳˣϢֻܼʰֱŪɾϢ
ӣʱҲʶԼĴˣĵ裬֪ˡ
ֱԼĴ˵һ飡
æİѴһ飬ұʾʶ󣬲ٷӳԷ
ڳԷʱһ£ɣҪÿ찴ʱʱѧϰÿүүɨԺӣ赽ĩۼҼңһӾأˮ
裬𣿡
۾ɵôġ
Ȼġ
һúñ֣
ãǣ
ӵڶһ翪ʼԭӣ󷼲һ䣬һˡ
𴲺Լ·㿪ʼԹԵȭһȭӿʼ顣
лĸҪ̺һЩѧص֪ʶԼһЩӢ֪ʶѧȣͶˣ飬Թߣ裬Ƕˡ
ҪһãȻ飬ȥѧ֪ʶٸϰһ飡
ӹԹӦתͷȥһСʼ
һġʮѽʮǶţҸˣǺΰ
κ汿ʮʮһ
ÿȻʮһˡ
ǿɲҿˣ
СѾͷİͷ
󷼴⿴ŬģֽЩᡣ
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ĩسŵĸӾˡ
һЩשͷԺΧһСӣȻׯڵǸϱĤˮ˼㣬ȷ©ˮˮˮͷһӣˮˮˡ
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ʱ˻ǱصģӻСԴһЩӾˮʲô⡣
Ӿ󷼰ŪıضͯӾ£ӾǴģӻ·ˮʼˮ
ۣ裬ˮһҲˣ裬ˮء
裬һӾأ㿴
ΰ˵ŻʼѧŹӻ֫ģӾ
СһˮأȵʱбպһӣүŹɢܻ͵͵ˮأ֫ˮ
ӳɢպþˮرϿŹӻˮⲻڿ˼Ժ󣬵һˮĺΰͿʼʽӾˡ
󷼺һԿţ̲ס̿ʱЦӣ󷼱佱ǰǴӣſʼأӾˣǲ
裬ҿˣ
裬裬Ҳˮ治ȥأ
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ҡҡͷȥӾȦӾȦſ棬úˮˣ
ڸڣлѷҵĺߵĶ͵͵ӣϣ͵͵ˣȿ󷼵ˮǿĽˣæȥлѷʾҲˮ
лѷһ£ֻùѯˡ
󷼴󷽵ĵӭǹ棬ðӾ´ϡ
лѷĸӴţȥһȦ˵Ӿˡ
лҵĸҲˮأһȺˮϹ档
ȻԼҵˮصˮλ󷼻лŰæˮرտӣҴҳſȥˡ
˰ؼҵʱ򣬺δɽѾؼˣԺ˼ҵС󷼼ˮˣ
ԺһȺˣǿСˮ֣Ҳһ죬δɽԺӣǳΪ˰Ǿۼĵط
δɽصʱ򣬿ô֣ྪˡ
ĺкδɽЩ䵭ݣ˺Цʾ⡣
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ǺãȥԷȥˡ
˴źӻؼȥˣ׼ٳ극ٴźˣ
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ӿɵˣҲرĸˣôĸܵء
ΰ֣裬Ӿؿ氡컹Ҫ棡
úѧϰֻ棡ûѧϰ粻׼ˮ
裬һúѧϰ
Ҳ󷼰ˮŪһЩΪúܹÿȻװôຢӡ
˵ڶ죬ѧϰͷԽˣľͿʼѧϰˣŰѧϰ꣬ȥˮ
ʱ򣬹ɩӼҵѧˡ
ѧǴСѩ椣һġ
ɻɩӼˮ͸ˣɽϵɽ棬Ұˮң¹ϵҰӣҲгģ˵ѧҪӸͶҲȥɽϲһӵҰӺҰţѧһ
ӵ涼һԴԿʻ˾˻ϲ
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Ļˣæ˹
ѽ̫ˣ
Ӹ߸˵Χһ˵Ż󷼽ӣӵݸ󷼡
ѧ̣ҸĺɻͼˮңмոŴΣˣˡ
̣ɽϲɵëӺҰѣɽһЩɽ椣⺢ӷǳľִ٣ܵ󷼲ϲĶ
ȻǻϲģӴЩƯЩҿɰˣˡ
ѧҸĶ˵ҪӣͿԴˣǼҵĹҲˣãóڸϽȣȻ꣬ӾͿڵǼҪӣǼ԰Ǽյȡ
һ꣬ͻ֣࣬ʮ¶ģʱ򵾹ȷѿһճɾڵˡ
Ȼ֪ɩӵĺ⣬УǼҲյȺˡ
궫ҪؼȥæųԷ³˺֮ʳüӳԵָͣӵװһЩǹһЩĵ⣬ӸһʶĴ˻شȥˡ
ͬʱҲѧɩӣ׼ڶȣùɩӰæ˸ɻ
˵ڶ󷼾˺δɽĳӣһ˻شȥˡ
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󷼼򵾹ȣæ̷ͦ࣬һڿˣΣ̷һҾæɻˣֵܺһ󷼴򵾹ȣ󷼹̷˼ĺӻؼ̷֪ͨһˡ
̷ˣɩһңͷһҵȣæˡ
ӿſڣȺʹ֮׼ˡ
æﶼ緹𣿡
Ƕˣ͵㵽˾ȥɻ
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ϣǿ̫лɩˡ
һȺ˿ٳŵȥɻȥˣ󷼺ͺδɽҲˮˣ󷼸һԺ˵ǿҪ£ץһ㣬Ϻзؼ׼緹ˡ
˶ķˣͲˣ󷼲ˣΪ˳һڣҲԸɻ
ȻĸŻڼҲٵæˣһʿȥۣɾͿʼϹˡ
Ӻݲ̳ץ˲ʼϴɾˣһĴ㣬˴㣬зϺ⳴磬㳦ȣһһ׼ã˵ϡ
㣬нͷžֱʿˮ
һһı˻ſڵİɹţʱʱȥ֮ࡣ
һͨæʱֶˡ
æкӳԷ
˱Ƚ϶࣬һӣǱȽʵõӲˣ˳Եͣ¶ϲЦ
󷼸ɻ治ʳԣһйǮá

ʱ˼͹ȥ
˱ɺ֮ģ滹Բ˳ԺԽ˸ɾ
󷼵ĵȣ˶࣬һոòˣΨһʣµģֻˣ鵾ﻹûг죬õһЩʱ
ո˵ӺɫѾˣһ˱ڵϢһϡ
˵ڶһ磬ɩıű¨ˣһİ󷼿˰ϲæԹɩӵл
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ҲչԼˣһɩӣиµ׬Ǯ·Ҫ𣿡
ɩ۾һҾ֪ܸɣ˵˵Ǯ˭׬
ǿԳӣȥ϶
ڴﵽǣǵ˳ϡȱ




55.  55   55 

ɩӲûгԹǳ, ʱȻϡȱʣʱ, ɩæ׷ʵʲôǳӰ
󷼵, ҳһɩһһ, ζզ
, ջ𡣡
󷼵Źɩ, , , øһӣİŻ᷽Ҹ𡣡
󷼺͹ɩӸʱ䣬ֻٰǳ, ȰѰƽ̹, , Ǻ͸ոûˮ
ȰƤ, ͹⽹Ƶİ, Ҳɢ˵ζ, һĺ, ̲סʿˮˡ
󷼰Ѱó, ôƷ
ɩһ, һ͹⣬򿪵Ŀ¶ɫĹ⣬һ͹, ԽԵðžͺˣҲǳɣһֻҧһӣ˳ŰĿӣɵľͰһȰѽɫİζ˲ﱬըζ̲ס¶Ц
̫óˣ
ζ
ǳԵˣѾý࣬һ¾Ͱˡ
裬ǳóԣһЩ
󷼺ЦŹɩӣɩӣ׬Ǯ𣿡
ɩ͵ͷԣԣȻԣ
󷼲¶ЦݣɩӣǿԳðϵĵ̼ҲԲ˰ֱŮʿһ̸̸չǴӵİġ
ɩӵϧڰû࣬ٹһ󣬰ܴƬĳ졣
Ǿͼ˰񵽶İɹɡ
ӣǸһ£ҪԼǣҪеգܴĲ˶Ըɡ
󷼵ɩӵ˼
ɩЩ˼ĵҵ˼Ҫǻǲ˰㣿չǵİˡ
⻰˼󷼿ӯԸˡ
̾ϢǸ˼һ·ģκα˲Ըɣ³еգ󷼵ҲС۵ĻëӹëһҾͰëһմҵİˡ
ãһëһˡ
ˣǵðһЩʯӢɳ
ƴİ϶ɳһ𷭳ܳѵĿڸЩ
ɽϵҰİֲֶܵԣܹժͻһԣ˲֪ء
˾ô˵ˣ󣬹ɩҲȥ˴˵չ顣
֪ϢԺ󣬱㶼ȥɽϲɰȥˡ
磬ñ극˵һİˡ
󷼳ֱӰǮͷˣص㿪ʼ
Ժһȥ̳ۣһ͸˾ź񣬲͸øʤһЩ˼ҵıû׬ǮһЩʵĳʳȥҲӦõġ
Сĵ̳۵ǳӣ˰ëһԭСĹûôģһٽʣ޼ˡ
ʱ󷼰ʣµİûָ˸ھһЩ
ھ֪Ǻͣ࣬ڵԾƶأ÷ͺĶȳӣζϲˣ̾ǼǺͳİζǺá
лѷңҲһӵİлš
лŽӹл԰Ҳ̾
˵ڶ죬ͿС񼸺ֱӾñҵ󷼣ӣζŵ϶ˡ
󷼵Ѿô˰æչˣҲ̷˷ްæһЩʹһЩȥš
ڹĵ̣Ҳ㿪һǳҵԣ뿪ӵʱҲ̷˵ˣ̷˰æչһЩһëļ۸չ̷ܹո͵ļ۸չмĲҲ̷˷׬ǮȻˣһҲһչùʵİɹһˮȷỵ
̷˷Ҳ˲ٵæ󷼵Ļ̵ıʾһѰպãһκεĲ
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Ȼصӣ̷˾ȥˣϱãһëһļ۸չ̷ĸֱӰհ˷Ǯһļ۸ȥߺȥˡ
ˣûб׬Ǯ;˵ɽϵëӰ˷Ǯһչȫȥɰһһɸﲻ⣬׬ʮ˿ǮɶģüԣҲٵγˡ
ɽɽǣȻҪ׬Ǯˡ
ʱ˻صģչİûвˮͷùİʣ´İ
̫Ļֳһ⣬Ҫ˹
˵ߵİ󷼰ʣµİˣһļ۸񣬶˿ӡ
Ӷ򵥰ϲϱﶼԸأһ߿ԼСˮһ߾ͰѰÿˣ׬һǮ
ԣ󷼼ССԺӣԽȺ߰˿ӣٸ͹ȥ칤Ǯں
ǲʲôɵĻơ
󷼴гԲھæһ𳴰߷Ǯһļ۸һæ
ĳɱٴӣȴ˲١
ɲԼΪ׬ǮԺһĲʹòǰТӣһκʱ򣬶һС
Ȱеİã̷̷ĸͰȥˡ
ڳȹʱ䣬ַ糾ͻصСˡ
ûȡġ
󷼵ӣôţߵǼӵİһǮһ죬Ȼˡ
ĵλúãպôڽֵĵطԱ߾ǵӰԺ֮ģǳӵζ̫ˣ˶ǮһӿӰȥе̱ǳ벻ѡ
֮ǰһȣڵģߺüӵİͬʱ󷼶һЩЩû˾ųʱֱӸ͵ǵĵȥ
ûǵָһЩǳӣʱһԪһ
󷼵Ĵչܿʹǧİųʱ͵ȥˡ
չĳɱҲȸ󷼣ҲûֱڣԼ˹ϵ
͵ǵʱ򣬸պǱߵƵȺİ·˵򣬲Χ˿Ϳʼˡ
ֵطǮ˸࣬һǧİֺõضΣҲˡ
æ˵绰
ҲһֱڴĴܿרŷһİǣþǵĵ̻˻Դļ
ĴԺҹžһ¾ͽˡ
ҹڴ꣬ĪЩ˸УڴһȻһЩû
æոׯڣæ⣬æŰ⣬ûˡ
󷼲ɱɫ
ԽǼԽ˯ţ˵ڶһ磬ȥñɩӵ˵һ䣬ϵҽԺȥȥˡ
ȹҺúԺһϵеļ飬ĵĹڳˣ鵥ӣһ
ûлУ
߳ҽԺһ
ҽ˵ǰûкú壬ںĥµĺ֢
¾󷼿һЩҩֻܻؼҰҩԡ
ԺˮѾˣԼҴӾòˣԺڲӾԺٴαһԺӡ
ԺӵĽֲ˴ӣˣײ˵ȣԺӿŴд̣ԺӾϲ
󷼹еĵѾͷû°ɣ
󷼵֣û£Һúõء
ǾͺãǾͺã
ԴŮһǹ÷ģ˶ͷȻ仯

󷼺˼ҩԺ¾٣һ
µ׵ʱ򣬰󷼾ˡ
ĵһֱ󷼸ȥСϺͰ棬ͲŹˡ
иֵҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
ܵ˵СϺٵǹĵ̣͸󷼴˴ʵ档
СҲС⣬ÿ춼˼¼ģ̲Ƿ㡣
Смÿ˶ʮʮԪǮ
󷼿˿ڣ⼸쾹ȥȵǼ죬Ǽĵ⣬̷ӿ̣˵ġ
󷼲ü
̷俴ص̵ĵһ죬ʮԪǮ˵ڶ죬˶ʮԪǮ
ȥͻҪܻʲôģҲ̷为Ǯʱ򣬵ӪҵٹʮԪǮ
Ϊʱûж룬ֻӪҵһЩ󷼴ûдӱĵط
ڶԱĿ󷼵ɫȴЩѿ
԰һݣҷݹʳǣһƷõˡ
⣬󷼵ͺ̷ӹ˵ķ䣬һ̸
̷ӽʱɫЩţ󷼱ӣǰһЩˣҷĿÿ춼ƽӪҵ٣ǶԱȣ㿴
̷ӿӪҵԱȣɫˢһ£òҰˡ
̷һ¸󷼹£㣬أҲģ㣬һλᣬٸһλᡣ
󷼳Ǯȥʲôˣ
̷ȴ˸˵
˵滰ؼȥˣ
̷촽תͷˡ
ݣ󷼲׷ЩʧǮƣ̷˼ҺӶ࣬࣬Ӳù
ȻƶС͵ɡ
һ£׷ȥ̷ӽסֱӰͻؼȥ
ӣؼȥ
̷⻰ȴҵķӦҲĵɾˣƾɶٹң
󷼳ƾ﹤бҪĸĸ
ҲҪҲȥ
ǣʲô󷼻ֱҵͷţͷˣ̷Ҵȥ
Ȼص̷Ҵ壬̷һԭͦ˵ģ˵̷ӵ̷˵ɫˡ
Ӷơžһ£͸̷һơ
ӹ£˵͵Ǯȥʲô
̷һµǣȴҧ촽һ仰˵
ǷŭѾͷ㵹˵զ£Ǯǲõģ
̷Ĩǲ˵
ôѾͷõǰ̣ôͲ֪ϧ
߳رѣ̷ȥɻһֻܼũշ紵ܣܿ˥ˡ
Ĵѧ˳գԺգ⣬ҷݹǿеģ޵żңҲΪݹ۸
Ȼ̷˼ҲԼŮġ
ϧ̷˷һĿģȴ̷Ӹ̣ˡ
̷һѹֶŮ͵˶ǮĿһһ㻹㡣
˶٣ֵհ׬Ǯš
ʮԪǮ
̾˿̷õǮ޹أǮţܱһЩʳ˶٣ֵԼݣ̷ȴûˣǰѺӿá
̷Ŀ૵ֶŮٸѾͷһλᣬڰ̺ܽá
˵Ż̷ӣ󷼵ˣ
תͷͷĳˡ




56.  56   56

̷ӱͻ˼ȥ, Ҳ˼˵Ĺ⣬ڻûк֮࣬һ, һӣӦÿԺ̶ܴϸ뱻
ַӺܼ򵥣ǾǮͼ˵, ֱˡ
˼ȵõ󷼵Σܻල
, ܴӺܴĳ̶, ܾΪļܲ, ̰
ϵĵ, 󷼰˹ɩӵӺǮ, 峤Ů÷Ӽˣ÷ӸպϹѧǸĿ⡣
Ŀϸ󣬾ʣ¹Ŀ, , 󷼴һһ¡
ĵ, ̷˷ڴ, ȻĿǰĿ, ûʲôֽ, ѱ쳤վ, Ǯֶʲôͷ, Ͼ˵, ûֻһ֮䡣
ԣ̷ĸٴΪ̷ӵʱСֳΪ, ̷ĸҲ̷ĸһᡪСİ﹤ᡣ
̷ôβϣܶʱ򣬲ʲô̷趼ϣΪһϸĹߣǱˡ
̷֪Сȱ˵ʱ򣬼ûκԥӦ
̷̷֪һڹĴжõģֻҪɵúã׻ܷݷֺء
̷һԭ̷һ˹ʣȻ̷һհܴ׬һЩۣǵȰĲժڹأ
һ˶һʽĹǾͲͬˡ
̷ȥ˹﹤ȥˡ
̷ߣ˵һӵݣѣǡö˰ҵ񣬵̸æµˣ̷Ȼûж롣
Ҫ̷費úøɻ̷϶Ҫ뷨Ӱ̷ɨسŵġ
߹źãҲһʵĻᣬԼ﷢飬ԼķӣԺھȥ¡һ£ӣǲ֪أϸоĿЩԣǿﲻԣӣǰҴæˡ
Ժȥˡ
ҲΪʵİţµӪҵ˲٣ҪʲôǾɵˡ
Աĵ̣Ҳһˣȥм๤
һа׵Ҳһо˲١
ڵﰲŵ׵ģ󷼼ʹ첻ȥҲӣԷ
׶԰Ϳѧˣÿ͵׶԰ԺҲʳһٷˡ
ȷãȥһͣҲû̫飬ʱ󷼾ʹ㿪ҵˡ
һʵҲûôˣʱһɫ
ʳȴʵӣֻҪϳƺãʳÿ촮ãȿԺ󣬰մǮ˸˾ˡ
ҪͶ꣬ϵȣУţΪҪһڣûţ͵Ĵܾζ
ʱһгȥ׳ţ͡
С׳һЩţţǸţֳģҪãӦһЩţ͡
ųӸոӿڣȻһ벻ˣ̷ֻһӣӿߵĵ·ȥԭתͷߵģһ̧ͷȴһЩסˡ
̷ֻӿ׷ȥһ˸ǰģ˵ĺ˵һЩʲô
۾˸Ŀ˿ܣȷûˣ˵̷ӵһЩ̷ӵԽͺˡ
󷼿˿Щ֣ʱûǷ룬Ͼ̷ӺǸ˵ЩǸ˽һ㣬ֻ¿̷ӵĸˡ
󷼵ʱȥ׳ţͣûжʲô̷ֻ˼ϵݣҴҵĿˡ
ʶȥһۣȴ˵ֱ§̷ӵϣ˿һԵӣһʧˡ
󷼵۾һµɴˡ
Ǹ˵״̬ôŶԾ
ôźռ̷ӵıˣ
󷼻æųӳС׷ȥǽպǸϼգ̷ûټ
ֻųˣŻͷ̷˺̷˵һ䣬ʲô˹ţ϶¡
ȵ׳ȥ׳ĹԱѯһ£Աˬ죬ʹĴӦ˰ţ
߽׳ʱ򣬽ֻвٵţˮѷţһ֮£۾һ𣿡
˵ţҶѽƽʱûͬ־ҪĻȥʼ۸ӦøǮߡ
׳ԱæѯԺ󣬺ܿʹ˽һѵţҶȻֻҪԪǮ
󷼸оԼ׬ˣôţҶǿиʮġ
ŵı仹ûȥأţҶԲ껵ҪģŵĴԺЩţҶ϶ġ
뵽󷼵ͬ־ţҶԺԸҶǮߡ
һԵεԵģͬ־ʱֱ߾ˡûҪˡ
ţβͣһķţؼҴؼҳԡ
ţβţ㵱ͺţҶһ
ţڵļ۸񲻱ˣԪëһ׬Ǯݺģһʮţؼҡ
ض飬պõ壬Ǻδɽؼҵӣ̵Ľ˳ʼϡ
ѻ֧ʱ˳һлҵ˹Է
лѷʱʱѲһ󷼵ĵ̣󷼵̸ΰãȻԽԽá
лÿտûٰ󷼽̵ӣӵĽԣȻǸмġ
ϣȳûϣΧھǸζ;Щܲˣʵ̫ˣŨҵζ̲סˮ
лѷҵĸӸ̲סˮˡ
ǰϰߣĸܵ󷼼ˣлڣĸֻ۰ͰͳŸڵԺӿȥ
лС˸ɰͰ͵ĵ֪̼ʲôóԵˣ
ԺΰˣķǳĽô˼ҵôأǣôóԵĳʳǳԡ
󷼵Ůöã
ȻЩֻѣл⿴һۣһ˲ʵˡ
󷼱ʱŵģ򿪣лſĵѾͷˣ
󷼵źã˻һϹһԻ
лžȵĵʲô
󷼵һӵţһһӲˣ˳ԡˣ𣿡
лŵҳġ
Уһлѷˣǵú˵һ¡
С
˵껰ͷȥ׼ȥˡ
Ȼ˳ԻҪһЩĲ˵ģȷը⣬ȷ֮ࡣ
ȵըʱԺ洫δɽˡ
δɽŵŨҵζʱ߽ӣɵʲôóԵˣ
󷼺ЦԻ

ͷ֪ˡ˵Żкδɽ˹
󷼵Ļһú̿¯Ļú̿¯ΧһȦƤպÿڷŸ߲ˡ
Ƥϣţ⣬ţҶʵ⣬źƬĢѿȣڷһӡ
ںδɽûãлѷҲؼˣлһұŹˡ
кһȺһ˿ʼԻ
󷼴Ž˳Է͵˰ںá
΢ĿζСҲܳԵϡ
һٻѾգȻõ˵ϲ
ŵһӵĲˣȫˡ
лҼ̲סӵĲó԰ҪǴӵĺӾͺˣ
лѷ̲סһĹȥСӣˣ
֣˵ʵĳյúúˡ˵Żһܿˡ
лѷһ˸ǣҲȥ˯ȥˣӹԹϴãԾ˯ͺδɽһʰꡣ
ͬÿһһ㣬δɽʰԺһط˯Ȼһܡ
յЩԥΣڣʵˡ
Ȼһͥһǰס˵֮һǶ˵İѾȫָӣٷָκˡ
δɽȻ󷼵Ŀܣô?
૵ҽΣڡ
δɽǰ޺Ůȥܹˣҽ˵ܴһӶûкˡ

֪ģ󷼴Ӻδɽ仰˵һį̵ʹ̲࣬סס
һҹӵߡ
˵ڶ죬δɽԾûһӴȭУӵĹΡ
ʵںδɽ󷼲Ǻ˽ˣԴӽ飬˿žһúɷ򣬵ǶںδɽĹһ֪
Ϲˣ󷼱߹ȥԺδɽɽ磬Ϲˣݣɽʲô𣿡
֪δɽһ׵ģδɽ˵丸ٻˣԴ󷼼޸δɽûδɽĸйκεʱ˵Ȼ̽δɽˡ
ʱδɽڵҵܵ㿴ˣҲʦ׼һЩزĹȥ
ϴ˰ƣ󷼼δɽʦĺδɽļһظģóԺδɽǳĹϵ󷼵ͷ
ͷβδɽûĸף󷼱Ҳˡ
˵ڶ죬󷼿ʼ׼ˣԼھеĸɩӣҲһزԴӸɩӻسǣ󷼺ϵò࣬ҲͷڣͨţҲ֪˹զˡ
󷼻±±ǳζһ⵰±һֱƤ±
±Ժ˰װװãֱѣһݡ
񣬶׳Լ񾩳ǵλϻ￪һһһݡ
̷ˣ̷һңԼ峤ɩӵȣҲ±ԼĻǣģϣȡ
Ȱѳʳͳȥ̷ӵ飬պ̷ͰҲͰԼ̷ӵ̷˵ˡ
̷Ҳ֣ɫЩÿеĻؼѯȥˣҲͲˡ
Ͼ̷Լĸĸ̡ܽ
ǰĴСӪҵˡ
ⰾƺõģһһţһڴŻϣһԵĲŴõĴһԵĽдŸִļ۸
ϵ˶󷼵ĵʱ֣ոƳвӭȥƷʡ
󷼵ĴزһһëǮһԣϵ˶Եִ
ѡ˼ݸԱԱԺ󣬾ͷһԵĴˣ죬ٰѴ̳˾Ϳùȥˡ
ò˵⴮ȷһ׼Ĵ˸һɶ֪ûԺ󣬶¶ģڶһһҪŶ򴮴
ڶ󷼶׼һЩ棬һȻ˲ŶӣԹ˶޲ڣҲһЩ⣬Թ˵Ҫ׷һ·ͺˡ
󷼾ⲻڶľ׼׷һۣѵĴ
õϢڴϼܵĵڶ˵Գ˼Ժ󣬲ɶ󷼴ΪޣǵĵҲϼĿ
̸£󷼵ӣ֪濪ģ
ɶ
Цӣ㻹ǵٷ𣿡
󷼵ͷҼǵлѷһķ
Цһ㣬պлѷҳܣպлѷҾȥķȥչԭıķǮ顣
⻰ɴΪȣٷȥķˣ
˱ķܸͦɣˡ
ɷӶ£
ǵЦһǰɷӶ£ȴˡԣѵõ˫ϲš
ССĥССĥƷţССİǸҽɢɡ
Щæһ࣬ûӹԽˡ

ߺ椸պˡ
Ǹ֪ͼӣͶˡ
⺢һӵĹ𻨣ǰ󷼣󷼿һӹ𻨵ʱرж
ǰһҲһȹĹۺܺúȣϧûйۣ룬ӾɼôһӵĹ𻨡
̣ҲɵĹ𻨣ɶʵأ͸̡
æѹ𻨽ӹǣźڵһ£ָӴһ׷һЩ
ӵлԺæڴڳ
ܺӾΣǺӵ̬ƭˣӦöúܾˡ
ɩ˵ͺȢϱһһԽ椵˿椼ʹؼңҲԲ
󷼿˿Сۣǡĩͷţźס졣
椸󷼻ؼԺ󣬷Ķ£ɨɨأʼɻ
æѺȰˣŴ󱦶ˣ
椸ڴ󱦶ߣȿõһӣСĵãңܵһ𣿡
椽㣬Ȼˡ
˵Żκõݸ椣椹ɵĽӹȥһ̣Ӷָ˺ͺκһģһӣκĵطҲһģһ
һĻպñոչлſˡ
лһµɴ۾
ӣٵһ




57.  57   57 

ʱ, ǲò츳ֶ椣ر츳
⺢ӿǰ˴ĿԼ, ԭЩţ߳¶, һ±ƽˡ
ãٴε
һ, Ծɺͺκ䵯ʱһģһ, ĵطһġ
лż, һץסӵ, , úӣһε𣿡
Щ˼ĵͷǡǰԲ, Բ, ҡҾͺ, Ҫһ¡
ûϵ, ܺá, лס椵, , ú, Ըѧ𣿡
գһ۾, ҿѧ𣿡
ȻԡֻҪԸѧҾԸ㣡
ллţ
лŵ, ʲô֣
ҽ椣
лתͷ󷼣⺢û𣿡
ûء
úӣҸȡУ
ллšŰȡ
ޱϲ𣿡
ޱ¶õЦݣţҺϲ֣
ǺãԺͽޱ
һԺЦŵţޱĸ質Ҳܺ
𣿲ޱһ׸
ޱɣҪţ㳪
ޱЩߵ¶ǳЦţ㿪ʼˣһɽ衣
ֻɽ
ͯԺ˶̲ס¶õЦ̲סӡ
ޱΪصģ·ǵʱõһǣ˭Ҳ޷Ĺâ
ĸǳиȾܹ׾ʹһɫϣأ硣
лû뵽ô츳ĺӡ
ããá󷼰⺢ѧϰ𣿡
󷼰ѺӵĴл˵һ£ֻܾĩѺӽӹŹѧϰ
лԽϧޱĲףҲУÿĩҽ̽ӣҲǿԵġ
Ϊ˰Ѻ˳ӹһ£ѺŮ
һޱȷƷԺã֪жּΪ츳
Ȼˣϸ飬󷼿϶úͺδɽġ
лŰȥѧϰںδɽʱ򣬾˵һԼ뷨
ԴˣδɽûֻҪƷãȻû⣬ϲС
󷼱¸ĩһ˴ӣȻȥȥ
Ǯܾչ˴һ׬ǮΪ˰ͽ󷼣ܾŸ׵ġ

ޱ̫ˣµۣлѧϰ󣬸󷼵ӻ󱦺Ͷˣأӿ˿ԺӣͿʼɨɨأɨԺȥһԵСеأ˵سݵȣȳݣ󱦺ͶЬЩˣ⺢ЬӣȥԺϴϴЬӡ
ޱɻʱ򣬶죬ɻһڼʱ򣬾ûٸɻ
ͺС·ӣޱϴ
ûĺǸݣ󷼰⺢ӹøѡ
󷼸һԣޱҴŮԸ𣿡
ޱ⻰תЩĵҡܽ𣿡
ȻԣԺҲҵĺӡ
裡裡
˵⻰ޱ͵
һԣ󱦶ܹһޱһǣסޱ֣裬ԺޱǼҵĽ𣿡
ԣԺޱǵĴˡ
̫ˡԺޱԼĽء
㣡
ãܵܣ
һʱǣ֣ļ
󷼰ǣһ𣬵ԺǿҪŽᣬྴأȻġ
裬һġ
󱦶ҪһˣڵлСǰǵĽ㣬ΪлСǵĳʳһ۸˲ϲлСˡ
ǶԱ֮£ǾͺϲޱˣһǴСһ𳤴ģޱչСģС֪˭Ǻá
ĩޱһֱ磬ű͵ֿڣͷޱͻشˡ
һµһڿʼδɽȥӵפأԾҪȥϰࡣ
ʳƷʱ򣬽ȴһȫ벻ˡ
˲Ǳˣ̷˼ĺӣ̷Ӻۿڽֿںһ̷ֻ˵磬ҡһˣ磬ٲȢҵĻһᱻҰִġ
ȴݺݵĵӹԶ㣡Ǹָ֣˭أɱӡ
˵ŻֱӶ̷һ£ĵˣŲӺ㣿
Цһֱ߹ȥ˾ͻӶһƣĵҪ˭
˿󷼣ɫһ±ˣɫ粻ݺݵĵǣҴӣ
ĵҾ͸Ҵ㣬զģҼҺ۸ˣɱˣȥ֣
һ⻰ɫˣ˹ɲǣһȣһ̾ˡ
磬磬أ㲻ң
ߺ󷼿һԿ̷ӣüͷӣô£Ǹ˭ǲ۸ˣͬ۸㣬ڸߣȥֱǰץȥΡ
̷ȴŵɫҰףΣˣҶĺզ죿
㡭ӣôôͿǸ˶ĸˣңǲǿģ
̷촽ȴһԲ
Ǹ˽ʲô֣ĸλ
̷ԾһԲô׷ʣһֶ¶
󷼿ģЩûѪֱӵӣôѺӴ𣿻֪ͨ㸸ĸȥ
̷ȴҡͷ㣬ˣͻȥͻȥһû·ģҰֿ϶ҵġ
Ҳ㣬飬㸸ĸ֪𣿡
̷ֻҧ촽ٴһԲ
ﱻǵòУǸ˶̷̷ˣԾҪ׷Ǹ˵ģһͲǺˣôŮͼʲô
գҧӣȥҼסŰɣȺú롣
˵Ż̷ӳԼȥ
Ժڼأ̷ӣæкȥˣ󷼼ϰ࣬Ҵҵˡ
æʳƷĹʱ򣬽ڵ̵ſڣպ̷ˡ
̷˿󷼣ץһ㣬æ󷼰ûпҼҺӣ
󷼵ˣҪأˣһҵ۸ͰҼȥˡ
̷⻰ɫһ䣬æ󷼣˶лˣߣȥӻؼҡ
һ·ҴҳŴԺȥ
̲סЩֹˣһ֪𣿡
̷⻰ɫԽĲҰˣƷӶЩˣϴΣҺʣ˵һϴδ͵ǮȥǸȥˣѾͷǲ˵ǸҰ˵˭
˵̷˼ñɫ
ҺԭţֻҪڼɻֻҪٳţٹҸʵ˼ҼˣԺܹԼӣ͸˻ƵģһҲע⣬͵͵ܣһЩɽ͵ᵽˣֻô̵ûá
˵˼޳ˣΪ˸ĸߣԼỤ̊϶絶һ㡣
Σ̷ҲǷ˺ˣ૵ģЩľȻĵΰӻȥҷǰɡ
ֻⷬܿЦ
ڵ⣬Ѿˣڵ⣬̷ӵĶһˡ
̷ӵĶĺӲ̷һӶ֪ôˡ
ϾԺǿҪҪȵģʱֺܷ⽨һŮδУˣԺʲôӡ
Ȼˣû˵⻰
˼Ҵҳ󷼵ĴԺ߹ȥո߽ӣɫѿ󷼺̷ˣѾͷˣȥ׶԰Ӻӣһˡ
ȥˣ
ҳǻѾͷ˵һȥӺӣߵϣһ̾ˣϸ첲ȣû˸׷ϡ
Ĺôôһ
̷˵õϢǾʹġ
æ֪Ǹס֪Ǹ˵סҲٰܿҵ
̷˲ЦҡͷҲ֪
󷼵лѷæˣɳֳ˱Ƚס
̷ֻܺҵͷʵϣѾˡ
ֶŮܰæһ顣
ȻԵġ
󷼵̷ȥϵҽԺ˿ӷ޴绰˿ӷǰװ˵绰ģ󷼴绰ȥԷˬİæ̷ĸȥˡ
̷ĸӹ绰󷼾Ͱѵ绰̷ˣ÷˶Ի
̷˶Ů飬ݣһ˵ǳϽԼĴŮ飬˵һ衣
ټҲǵ˵
̷˿ʼ̷ĸ˵ֻ˵Ůˣ̷ĸһؼȥܽŮ
绰ﲻϸ˵Ҷϵ绰Ժ̷輱Ҵ˳Ʊڵʱ򣬻ص
󷼼̷ĸȻ׷̷ˣ̷˿ЦŰľ̷ĸ˵ˡ
Դ󷼰̷ͻȥ˰̷ӺݺݵĽѵһ٣ǣ˻ûʳǮȥˡ
ҲˣҲˣźҲѵˣֻѺӶڼɻܽ⣬Ҳûˡ
תͷ̷ȴ͵͵˼ɽ֮࣬ʱʱȥϡ
ʱ̷Ҳûз£æչ׬ۺѣΪıţʱ̺ܽӣϴδŻȥ̷ŷŮĲԾ
Ѿˣ̷ӹڼȹһ̷ӾͿʼԷʱŻʲôģ̷ԭΪ̷ֻǳԻ˶ӣȰ̷ӴȥôҽһЩûˣѾͷȻˡ
̷˶̷ִʺ˭һע⣬̷һܵϣҲ֮ǰһĻ
˵Щ̷ʹĸԼƣңûйܺúӣҵĴܣʱûʳҵԣ׬ǮԼĺӶܲá
ѺӵĴȫ鵽Լϡ
ʱıͲһ׵飬̷˼Ҫ̸ף
̷˲ԼĶ⣬󷼺æס
󷼵Ѿлѷæˣǹ־ֳܿϢģס£ҡ
δɽһͷ󷼰ѷ޶˰ڿͷŴ˯ȥˡ
ϣκĵ裬˹ΪʲôԼѽ
󷼶˶٣ΪǺӱΪһҳߣҪԼĸĸͼˡ
κͺΰɴ۾ô˲ҪԼļˣԶ뿪裡
⻰οӵͷǳ˿ԽԼѣǲܵκ˼ȥҹ˶Ҫ԰ҪϺ񣬲ܺκӴ
ʲôӴ
·סĵطڿסĵطκκ˿ܺκŮİķ䣬ռ䣬ƫƧĵطƽ·ܶ·һҪߴ·һС·ڣ˵Ļһ顣
ӶԺãԹԵĸһˡ
ܿ죬˯Ϯı˯ȥˣȴ˯š
̷ԼŮһộԼôľ
ԣӵİȫҲҪˡ
󷼴ӵڶ쿪ʼÿߺҪע顣

ڶһ磬̷˷ľˡ
һῪ˷ţȻȥŮȥˡ
ȻˣһȦ󣬿϶ûаҵɫҰ׵˻
󷼰˰ο䣬ּҴҵϰȥˣ°ԺҲһѰ̷ӡ
˰ʱлѷȻ󷼼ţ˵æҵˡ
лѷ⻰˶ϲ
лѷĻȴɫЩÿ
лѷȻҵˣСﲢԸߣǸԸڹʣԷҲûСɣԣǵ˲ûа˴ߣֻԼȥˡ
ô£Ǻ
лѷ̷ӱһиֵܵŵϹȥˣǸԭֻһӣÿֺУͿżĽżǮӣϱЩϱͱˡ
ô̷ĸĶˣŮ˶˵ʱƣʹ̷˵׵ٲƣһŮˣΪ˸̷ȡһ߳ɽĻᣬȴûֺ󷼡
Ů˼ʹٶĲãŮ۰ȴġ
˱ȥ̷ּӽӻ
лѷ·ϵʱ򣬵󷼵ֵһ㣬ϴǰ̯ӣߺ󣬺˻ӶԸǸŮˣֻº˸ֺСûŮҲǸŮ˵⡣
ŭ£Ӳɴһ

𣿡
ֵĽиεܣһֱΪܵŪϱ˼ҵŮ֪ˣ˭ԼŮ޹ȥ




58.  58   58 

һȺ˺ܿ˸ֵļſڡ
ֵļ, СһСһ˼ңСӶһ˼ҵ޽ģ˼Ҷש߷, ǽӣҲ͸ּľӡ
󷼵ֵӸǰʱӷŵ, лѷ߹ȥš
𣿡
ڣһ¾ͱƿˡ
𣿡
лѷֱӰƿ, ˽ȥ
, һݴ
˭
˴߳, һ, 󷼵ֱײ˸š
̷ĸ̷, ¶ɫӰ, ؼȥ
˵Ż, ̷ĸȥ̷ӵ, ̷ȴһ°̷ĸ˦ˡ
߰, Ҳȥġ
̷ĸɫ, ݺݵĵ, , ϽߣҪ, ͸, Ȼͷһź¡
̷ӴͷĨ, 裬ҲҪĺ£ҾҪָ硣
̷ĸʹĵĿԼŮΪŮ޴ʹͷŭҲΪƭԼŮ˳˺⣬飬ԼŮԿĿǰҪģסӰŮȥȰŮǿ˵
뵽̷ĸӣʹҪˣҲҪǼҹĳޣƸΪޱ檣ԹĹأҪˣ貢ԣǣҪǼĳޣĻ費Ầģȸؼȥ
ʱ򣬺һ˺Ȼ˳ӸӲߣ̷Ӳһ𣬾̷Ӳߣ˵۾гһ϶һ۾ü쿴۾ˣüЩ̫ˣӱƽһϳ˺ͺڰ֮ģԽԵòª
֮ǰֻңңһ棬ûп˵òʱ˵ݣüͷҲ
һòȡ˵ˣԾɾǰ˳̫ˣҲ̷֪ӵ׿ʲô
ʱ˼һ˿Цݣ裬ͰҲ˰ɣ裬һˣò׼ôĹأ̱ˣҪչˣֱչˣ裬Ҫۺӣ㿴ͽıڵģҪȸҼ͵֪¸ոմգ㽻˹ԺȻأǸһ۹ŮĽˣ϶Ը⿴ԼĹŮԲůİɣ
⻰˵Щûĸλ
ˣûнأѰŪ̺Լ̱ĸˣ뿿̷̷ĸһأҪĽˣ̷Ժӿ֪
лѷִ֦ҶˣʵȥĻⶼʲô
ʱﴫһ˵á˶ôϽǾͰͲȥǲǣ
裬û˼ˣҾˡ
̷ڲѣһİŮ˽裬һ̽ӡ
󷼵˸ȥͿڷһŴһŮڴһŻ谵ĹʣϡɼŮиۣȧǣ׺ݶ񶾡
ֻ嵥̷еĹȥŮ˷Ůȴ̷ӵĸĸ̷һҺޡһ𣿻Ͻȥ
̷һί裬ûˡ
㲻֪취𣿡
̷ۿתһͷһ¾͸ĸˣ֣裬ָʵ̫ˣ֣裬ǼﷴôʳͿŮһ˰ɣŮһʳɡ
мӵĲţȻһ±ƿǰµӺȻ˳Ӷݹᾣ·ڵúմ˹īƵģȫûһɾĵطӳ󷼵֣Եİɣ
һϵе鲻ɲǷ̷ĸöЩչȥˣǸѵŮˣһۿֵļǸӣ˸ҺôһճһĹϵô벻ԼòƴֺõŮģ
̷ĸҲ̲סӶƣһ¸̷һ˦˹ȥʮ꣬㲻ûһһĻر㻹ҪǮҰˣأ
̷һ¿һԣ˺һҪǮһܵţֱܵˡ
ϵŮЦһ׼ĸɱǣŮˣѾǸûˣҶӣûҪˣ㻹ʶģǹؾЩױˣﶼϺÿȻЬĸ˸Ȣ
һһĸ׵Ů˵ǿ϶Ǵġ
̷Щûˡ
̷һ̷ӣֱӰϣݺݵĵߣϽߣ㵫͸ӻؼȥ
̷ֻǿһߡ
⣬һЩŮ˽Ů˺ʹϵŮмƣǸȧǣۣ˵ʱ򣬴һ
Ů߽ԺЦĿŷŭ̷һңԼ̷ֵӣŮֱ󷼸ǰӴⲻϰǰһҲǰڸ̯ѣ㲻мǮͰҸôǼССǼҿûǹ
Ů˲Ǳˣռ󷼵ĵλãµ̵ʱǰĵطҲ󷼵ģ󷼵ǰڸ̯ӵŮҲǸֵĽ淡
Ը淵󷼵ɫҲѿ
󷼵ĵ˵ɣǼҵҪܷŹӣ
淵Цһ£񶾵ĵʲôŹӣĸԸҵһ˯ʲô취ڿһЬûҪˣҲǼҿѡ
Ů˱̷ӣŹ̷һˡ
̷ĸһˣʱ̷ĸعһʧĿ̷ӣȷϲǻؼң첻ߣԺ͵ûôһŮﻹĸӣԺΣһϵûС
˵껰ǿ̷̧ͷĿӡ
ϧ̷ӱͷ̷ĸ
̷ĸĻ䣬ǶŮˣһʹ̷ˣתͷ;ߡ
̷ĸȻûһˣǣˣ⵽Ӧġ̷ӣȻԼѡ·ʹѪԼ̣Ժ棬ٳǰ֪ôһ꣬Ͳ㣡
˵ݻһͷȴ
գ󷼵˸һ뿪˸߼ҡ
ߵ棬̷һֱû׷ûж࿴Լĸĸһۡ
̷ĸԽĺʹࡣ
̷ĸסĿڣҵʲôҲŬȫҵӹãôŮ
̷ĸ⻰ûӣȽϷ⽨ʱ򣬵ӵŮδе
̷ĸڵʱ򣬶󷼵ֶŮˣǼˣҿɼöˣ˼ҾͨҪЮˣһǼˣһˣԽǰģǼ˵θԽҪըˮ˵׼ܷŹ
̷ĸ˵һҲһˡ
󷼿Ŀʹ̣࣬Ҳ¶ģһҪԼĺӴСͽ̺ãȻˣһ˼ҺȥһӶû
裬ӻС˵׼һͶˡ
⻰οøɰͰ͵ġ
̷ĸ촽ǲָˣǴֶŮôҲСˣԽ̵Ǳ߻ȱˣĸŮһɣǺӲҪǮֻҪٷԾУǼʶԺ󲻻ᱻ˱ƭҾˡ
ǱߵһܲȻȲǱߵ⣬Ҳ̫࣬ûжʹӦˣǾôһȥɻˣҲð׸ɻҲǮ
ֶŮҴллˡ
һ˲ô
˵Ժ̷´ŶŮڶȥǹǱϰȥˡ
̷˺ȥ˼̷ӣ̷ӾôûûƤҪǸֹӣ̷ȥһαһΣ󣬱Ҳȥ̷ˡ
ϾÿοԼСҲ۵Ůű裬ģô᲻ʹ

̷ӵ飬ҲżŮˡ
һŴѧʣСץץýӵԽĶˡ
˵ڶڵĩȥȥˡ
һǣ߲ͷһƿ׾ƣȥ
󷼵ţЩֺõĵӴⲻͬ־զôöҼˣ
󷼾Цͬ־أǿҴϲýϸףͬⲻ
һԵİ׾֮۲ѣһԣȢϱһѽӹƷͬ⣬ͬ⣬զܲͬأԺ󰡣ǿ׼ˣ׼ҰԺʲôƵ·ɵöչҼҰ
󷼾ЦȻġҿžϲԺ󣬿϶Ů۵ģҲ㻳ôһֵܣҪԺˣ϶Ҳǻֵܵģ׼ң˵ǲ
ԣԣ
Ȼһ˶ϲ椣ܴϴĲү󷼵·ӣǰͲõġ
仰˵ĲŮԺ󣬿϶ǿֵܵģ椾Ȣϱµôһֵܣǵʱ򣬿϶Ѹµк
ԣѸԴԽˣû˵椵ĺû
˵ÿĩͷȥˣ飬Ҳͬˡ
һԣޱᶼŵ
̫ˣ·Ժ󷼵Ůˡ
֪ôҪ󷼵Ů

˴ӣϸףҲǴȥ鿴һɽֲ㹽ġ
Ͼʮ·ˣֳ㹽Ҳջˡ
ϴɽ鿴ʱ㹽ĳƾͲֹȥһˣȻҪúò鿴һֳ㹽ˡ
磬ɽ鿴ˡ
󷼺ɱɽЩ㹽öãĢڸľϣЩĢûȫǣ󳤿Ժ󣬻ӭķա
Щ㹽ȫʢٲժͻһˣ磬󷼾ͲһЩ㹽ؼҡ
ϣһ㹽Ϳ㹽
ʵϣ±㹽֮ҲǷǳζʳܹҲʳ
ƣȵ˹ڣͿӭ㹽ĵһˣҲʱѰˡ
Ҳаһɽͷɽͷֲ㹽ģ󷼸࣬󷼴ؼԺȺһ³㹽顣
ĵ̶Գ㹽Ҳɹɸ㹽ۣӦҲ·һЩ㹽ģۣ֮Ͻ
󷼿㹽ĳƣҲЩżģһˣǿ϶øϽ
ȻصСԺ󷼸Ͻȥ绰ȥˡ
ӵ绰Ժæ͹
У
֪ͨԺȥţֻҪվ˴ţ߹ŵ¶ЦݣλͲͯӣ󷼺ôãûٿ׬Ǯ
ͬ־ã
ͬ־ã
ֱ⣬ͬ־ҺһֳһЩ㹽û·ۣ
⻰۾һ
㹽У⵱Ȼˡ
ҵ㹽ԤڣҲǹʱ򣬾ܳˣ㹽߶٣
ŵǧ￴ж٣
ֲ˰ɽģֲһɽģ
ӴǣҲܶ׼㹽ʲôģ׼һɽȶ죬ҿԶһɡ
һ£ŵ㹽Ļԣϣܲɼãֱ߻ڹ˶ʱȥʣ۸ܺһЩ
Ȼ㹽Ƚϡ٣ز˱Ȳʳ㹽ռӣ۸棬ëһ㣿
һ£ͷУ۸񡣡
۸Ҳ󷼺ڵ绰ļ۸
ϾߴĻ۸϶Ҫһ㡣
ֿ쵽ˣļ۸Ҳˣ֮ǰһԪһѾǼ۵һԪһˣ󷼰ëţȫԴһԪǮһϣϾ㹽ֶǶ⣬㹽мֵܳԸõġ
ڶһ磬񼱼ææص򣬵Ⱥ󷼴һкԺһгͻ˴ӡ
ɽϣɽͷ㹽ƷʣҲ󷼸̾Щ㹽ȷرá
ɽ㹽ǵЦݾûͣӴնٵ㹽
ﰵЦɽͷռ⳥ŪֵǮࡣ
㣬ûʲôҲԸǧô㹽أûֻµɹ㹽
ǿɹһ㹽㹽ͷţãʱ۸񲻻ģڱ·Ǳ߸պڹҪᣬҪҪŪ㹽ȥ
󷼴ϲ⵱Ȼá
󷼺ܾûˣպҲȥء
⣬ЩҴ绰ûеλҪɹ㹽ҸϢ
С
˵ڶ죬绰غĵλеĵλԱҪɹһ㹽Ŀǧ󷼰æҼˣȥ㹽ȻӦ

ų󷼵ڶ͵ôȥ㹽
ǰɩ˵һ£ɩӺˣͷĴӣ峤ϱ̷˵ˣԸɻ
Ҳϱȥɽϰæ㹽СѸӦرˬ죬һ㹽ԪǮأɵӲŲɣҪǣ󷼼Ļʳʵ̫ˣԹ˶Ǹζ




59.  59 Ǯ   Ǯˡ

ü, 󷼺˴˰æ㹽ˣҲݼˡ
㹽ɺԺ, ͷæ˺üεţϵ·ϣȻҲǮġ
㹽Ժ, ɻ˽˹Ǯ, ÿ˶˼㹽, ﶼֺǺǵûؼȥˡ
㹽Ҳϡ, ˰׵˼㹽, ֿ˻
ڿ󷼺㹽Ժ, ˶ȣ΢һˣһ¾;ڶҲ󷼵ԼҵĲɽֳ㹽ˡ
㹽Ѷٵɱֵؼɲ١
峤ҲֳһЩ㹽, ֲһЩ, 㹽ոҪһ, 󷼺㹽ô, ﶼֿ, ȹһԼ㹽ԺļǮ, ˡ
, 㹽·ȴ, 󷼺Լֳ㹽Ҳ·, ˵㹽Ҳߣһʱ˼ˡ
峤Ժѯ󷼣, 󷼰ܰæ·𣿡
ֻܵ㣬СҪԺ֪û·ˡ
Уæʰɡ
ͷҲ·һ£Ǹˣʣ˾Уǿ϶ҲܰǴôһЩ㹽ҵ·
Уˡ
Լ˿ɶ
˵˼䣬ͷɢˡ
Ϊ׬һǮ󷼵ҲǼõģһЩ⣬ֺǺǵĻؼȥˡ
ߵſڣȴ˺üûĶʤվԺſڣǳȥ
󷼣ʤܶ˶٣¶ɫ
ã
󷼿ʤˣﻹͦˣôĸҹ
ĵˣ
ʤܶ˶٣ãҾͲˣе¡
ʲô£
ܽһǮ𣿡
Ҫ٣Լ缸²ţһžԼǮ鲻ǲӵġ
ʤܵܽԪ𣿡
һ£磬֪ԪǮȥʲô
ʤЩ˸С⣬Ƚҡ
󷼶һ£Լ׶磬ֱӾܾԪǮڵ˵ȷ㲻ʲôͷãҽ㣬ˣдݣԼڡ
⻰һʤܵɫˡ
׶磬ͽһǮ㻹дݣһ󷼣㱻˼ǮˣԼ׸綼ˡ
æ磬û˼ҡҽˣͥһ˵ļͥе֧֣ұöҵһ븺ǮҲһӦúһپ費裬Ϊҵ׸磬ֱӴӦˣҺдݣܹ𣿡
ʤ⻰ˣһ֪ڽֵϰ̫࣬ͣһֻʮԪ㺰дڣⲻΪ𣿡
󷼵ǲдˣֱдݡ
ʤ⻰˵ʲôֱȥдˡ
Ȱѽдãֱӵݸ󷼣󷼰ѽݽӹȥֱӵݸʤԪǮ
ʤܽǮԺɫÿ˲٣һ˿Цݣãˣģҿ϶ỹġ
׷ȥ˷߰
ˣһȥҪæ
˵껰Ҵҵˡ
ıӰ˵ĸо
ܹԵĸܵԼı仯Լ磬粻ǼﱳԼˣĶˣڱ˵ĸо
һߣʤס˰ԪǮһ
Ǯĸоá
ԪǮֻֿһˣֿԴȥԷӰˣ֮ǰͬ½ǮҲȻȥˡ
ʤһ¾ʮԪǮĹʣֵаŶңסĵطǣǮҪÿ·ͣǿ϶ͷ
ԴʶԺʱʱȥ¸ӣԷǿӰҪȥͣϳҪǿӰԸԹԣĲһסġ
ʱʡԼõʤܺܿͰĻ˸һɶΪŪǮһͬ½Ǯһߴ˵绰еĴʤ¡
ڵ绰ͨԺʤܶʤµ磬˵Ǹӣ֯ϸ˻ˣ
ʤµԣ֯ϵȷˣڷ¡
ʤܱ磬ӣôãⷿԭǵģҲӦһݡ
ʤ±ֵܽһˣƽ֣պӣһһ䡣
ʤ⻰ǲɽһ£˵Ļ
ĸ׵ӣӦһֲŶԣʤܸ磬ʹûʲô뷨ֻɩҲռǷݼҲأʤܸ磬Ҫ㣬ҾͰѷˣֽźء
ʤԥģУҴ粻ˣ϶ռҵӵġ
ʤܸ磬ҪĶã취ؾˣ㣿ʤܸ磬úɣ˿˻мˡ
Ļ߶Щˣʤܱ뷨Ҳ˽¸ʤ´˵绰
ʱʤ˵ƽʤܵҲû˵ʲôֻ磬ȱǮܰҰһ𣿵˷ӣǮʼĸҡ
ʲôҪʤܣ㵽ʲôѵһ治ؾ𣿡
ȱǮˡ
ʤҧȱǮȸһǮţٿһ¡
ֵ˵һεĽ档
Ժʤٴδ绰ʤԾҪǼӣʤûֻðѷ˵ĻһһЩѣһԪǮʤܼĹˡ
ʤõǮԺǴȥ·Ȼִÿ°ԺԳԺȺȣ˵Ƕһ
ڼ䣬ҸĸǮҸܵҪǮ֮ĽǮʱʱʤҪǮʤƽԼֻÿֿиͷתͷǰеǮ˸һɶ
˵ǮʵҲˣϧԱˮ׼ȫϡ
ʤܵǮԺǿ֧һʵ֧ŲȥˣծǮأǡ˵ְܵ˴ˣҪǮ˼ңģʤ۵òУȥ󷼽Ǯ
Ҳü²󣬺Ȼһ顣
ʤܽǮĵڶ죬ʤֱӸ󷼴绰ˡ
󷼽ӵ绰ʱ򣬻ǳľȡ
磬𣿡
Ұãã
˵˻Ժʤֱ⣬ãһ£Ҫ˵˵
˵
ʤǰһҰһӸˣǮĸʱ취ѽǮֱӼĳȥԪǮôѷӱסˣʼˣ˵Ҳӣֱӻؾѷã֪𣿡
󷼵Ȼ֪¡
󷼵֪Ǯʲô𣿡
˵һ£˵̸˸󣬶̫ˣãΪ˼Ů벹һ˼ҡ
⻰㲻Цһ磬ΪǸüûϵˣһͦ˵ģͷҽԪǮֱӾˣԷԣҼҺˮʲôġ
ʤɫҲˣ治Ǹ⣬Ҫæ˳سҵжٵ˿ҲԷѣ
˵ʤҲһʹģȻһҪǸӣɣãǮмۣѷڵʱޣӣ治լ֣ãѷⷿҲˣʱ㿴ǳ⻹ǵԺԼסС
󷼵ķ٣
СԺûǧֵ䣬٣Ҳ򵽣Ȼǿ϶ǵضαǵضβܶĵطԺӵĵضοɲܿء
󷼿֪ģ֪ںǼ۵жţ磬ˣͰٴ򣬻ͷҰǮ
Сǵú־ݡ
á
ǰѷӵ˵ˡ
˵죬ȥʤܣʤԼˡ
ʤҵ󷼣ã˵ҪǼӣ
ԡ˵ӣе٣е٣ҾͰٸ磬𣿡
ʤܵУ
д־ݣӡҰǮ㣡
У
ʤд־ݲӡ󷼰ԪǮʤܡ
ʤùǮԺ󣬵ˡ
û˵Ǯ飬ֱǮˡ
󷼿˿ıӰ촽˵ʲôǵʲôû˵
ת۵˹ڣ쳤٣󷼳˸ᣬʵûб
һ£󷼾ͺСѩ㣬ǹҪҪѴӹˣߺɩҲһһ£
СѩҲа绰һ¡
󷼴绰ȥˣʤ¸߲ΪĶӣСҲѧһֺóգȻسԺ󣬿һֺóգһҾ¥ںأæµʱ򣬸߲Ȼ߲ʤ±ʾȴڵʱܵãǣͳһ꣬˳Լķӡ
⻰һ£Ӧ
ǣüȻôˡ
ϵСʱС˵Լһҹȥˣǳɵģ˵Ϊ˺ӿ۽磬С꿼һ£Ӧ
ûȥȺɷһ¡
Ҷϵ绰ԺСӣżȥ
Сɷ˷ĹܣѾСĲҩҩЧ²ˣʵϣֻˣ˵ļֵܣȻͲˡ
Щ˵Ȼ֪СֽţСҵÿ¶ĶֳĹϵЩҲҶСˣǻָСҳǮء
СصԺֱӶ˵֣ô绰ȥǹʮһȥƱһҳȥ𣿡
С⻰æҡͷȥʲôȥﶼȥ
ɽϰˣҳɽǺ磬ҲֻҶСŮ˺Ӷ֡
СüǮȥ˳˵׼ʲôöأҪԸȥҴȥ
⻰ЩɣСһȥˡ
СҺͺӵĻأǷޣܵȥȥüҴ磬Ϊң
⻰еУȥɣҾͲȥˡ
š
С굱ȥҴ峤֤֤Ʊ̽ס
˵ڶһ磬ӣ·ûʰֱӾ͸ϵسǣ˻ˡ
𳵿ʱܱߵľԽԽԶסӵ֣Ծһֲŵĸо
Ȼ뿪طˣ˳Լӣ뿪裬ܾĥĵطˡ
ԣҪҲٻصǸطȥ

ھڿʼһ죬ճȥϰˡ
ڸʱòţ󷼲ûй黹䣬Ծÿ»˼ԪǮű䣬˾٣Ϊȷʡ
ڽԺһһԽԽ䣬ʱȴһ׷󷼵ĵ̳ΪС۵̡
̫󣬵ζȴ̫ˣ˳ԡ
Ҳˣ̵⣬òԾۺ졣
ֵĴҲ̯ˣԴϴηͻԺ󣬸淲ֱӰ̯λſˣֻһҸط̯۰Ͱ͵Ŀ󷼵ĵ̿õòˡ
룬̵ö׬Ǯ
ѧգǲҲô׬Ǯأ
Ļ̷ȻҲæΪûб䣬ǼҪҲģ²ˡ
Ǹ˵ǲóǮ䣬óǮʤҲѱǣʤЩСǮ˼ҿϵǴ⣬ô淼ܵˣ
ڴͲһˣһҲ˺һˣ֪ǸֻҪѲǩǩãŵѡˣ֮ԺҪǸ档
ֻҪ֪ϵ϶⣬ܴ׬Ǯ
뷨深صң̷ӵӰҵ֮Կ㣬ΪڰǸ󷼸ɻҲзݹҵܲŻῴ㣬ӣ㿴ҵܼôѣǸȴѴ׬ǮչһݣˣҲʵ̫ˡ
˵ǣǾֻԼˣ̫˽ˣһݡ
ӣҪ˵ȥ¹Ǹ󷼣ıãݣƾʲô˸ɻ㣿ƾɶչԼݣɲô˽ӣ㻳أҪȥţ϶ĺӳ£ȥĵ̸ɻͷͰĴ䷽ѧᣬֻҪѧϣͷԼҲ׬ǮͲÿǵɫˡ
˶٣ֵҵܼôֻ֪кĺùҵܣҵǰͷϱµˣҵܷˣ϶㣬˵ϻǺͺõһˣ㶼أϲ㣬ӣСǣǿ϶㵱ԴԺ󰡣мġ
⻰Ҳмֵĸж룬ǰָôôϱأ̱ˣִСûһҶôĿأԲˣǣҺҵݣȻһ£ʳˣȴֻԼһ£ָһˣֻֻ̾еĺŮչˡ
ԣҪȥ󷼸һݹѧ󷼵Ĵ䷽Ҳ׬Ǯչָһء
ŵӣͷڸһϵıףǸûгԺȣµĺۼ
ԹУֻԼĸ飬Ҳ㣬ôǮôͲݣôͲһָһңָ̫˰




60.  60   60 

ڶ, ʱ򣬽ûһ̷Ӿ̸ǰˡ
̷̵ʱ, ŵĴ㣬̲סʿˮ
ζãŶӾ̲סš
ڵɻ, ϶ҲܳԵôζʳɣ
ǵʱ򣬵ʱڵæ, Ǹʱ, 󷼶ԵԱǳĴ, һƷζ̲, ζ̷ڶǵ, ζ͸ı飬ôһ̲裬óˡ
Ź̵ĹŵĴ, л, ڴ, ͺ͵ζ̼˶ӹֱ, ̷ֺܾûгԹˮʳ, Ǵ̼͸ˡ
, ̷ҲԽصɻˡ
ڵɻȻ, 󷼳Է, ÿֶܳԴˮʳ, ˣйǮá
ָôһô, Ҫ׬Ǯȥء
ôˣ󷼿϶ðһݹһôˣֲȱôһ㹤Ǯˣô׬Ǯ϶ûǮָ˼ң󷼾Ӧ÷ֳǮŶԡ
ʱ̷ӣû뵽һ£Ȼ׬ǮǮҲǴģ˼ÿ̰ڣ첻ܶȣڳɻҲµ
һңһˣÿɻֻ῿ŷħĽóˣ˼ƾʲôԼ׬ĲƸó㣿
ʱ̷ߵ󷼵ĸǰֱ׳ĵ㣬ﻹȱ˰ɣɻ
ԭڵæһ̧ͷ̷˵ôһֱ׳ĻЩûˡ
̷ѵڵ͵ǮˣȻ͵Ǯǰƣ˭Ҽɻ
̷ôƷһһͿˡ
󷼵ĵﲻȱˡ
̷ӱʮþȣΪԼ˵һ仰󷼻¸ɻȻܾˣһɵˡ
̷¶㣬ô᲻ȱˣ㣬㲻ôۣǲǿҼָ̫ˣԿǼҵˣ㡭ôô񶾣Ҫǰ꣬Ҫȥģ
⻰Щˡ
㻹ȥǰЩӸһݹ׼ҵĳմڸ㣬ÿûٸԺȵģǿιˡۣϸ֣㲢壬׬ÿһǮͨҵͶ׬ģ߼ˣԼнţԼȥһƾʲô׬ǮʣҪװ͸һֺеˣ¿û㣿һ壬֪ôĶʮĸҪˣһתͷҪȥƶһСҿ㽫Ľ֣

̷ӱƿԣߺޱȣΧ˶ݺݵĵ㲻ҹǰɣ㲻ҹҡҾ͸ˣ
˵Żһ¾ͳ󷼹ȥڹȥԺݺݵĶһԵĿ˵λˣǿϰô۸˵ģҿıãҲҪһݹӦҾ͸£ֱӦΪֹҶǻźӵģӦԺҵĺ˵ˣɶģʱһɱ֡
̷Ӿ޳ܵҪĺв󷼣
һʱ˶˿ָָ㡣
е긾ŮΧϰ壬Ҫ͸˼СһݹɣźأſϰܱܲƵ˼ҺҲˡ
⻰ˡ
ǰЩҵĵû͵Ǯ͵ÿ͵ʮԪŶʮʮԪǮ͵ţһӵݣҲûбڣȻźӹҵ̸ǰͼһвңҾͱþץС͵
˵Żùɩȥæ
̷⻰ŵɫˡ
̷̧ͷһԹĶ󷼣ǹĵģָ֪ôôѣͲܰһ𣿡
ĵǿʥĸģԸΪһƷù˴һӵ£ǣ޴ʥĸģǿӵһͷϣѵΪ̫裬̫ɣΪݣΪ㸸ĸȰһ䣬ӣһʮĸĸһʶûˣɵӶ֪˭Ļ
̷ӡءһڿˣһ߿һܣҾ֪ǲģҾ֪βҺָӣǵţǶҵţԺɱң
÷һҡͷ̾Ϊֹôôɵᡣ
ϰִֵá

Щû̷Ĵ
ںӵĽϣҲԽҪϸˣԼһӻ̷ⲻ֣˼仰ͺߵİǡ
Ϻδɽʱ̲ס̷ӵ˵δɽδɽ󣬺ǰο󷼡
Ҳ˵£ԼԼ㼴͵£δɽţԴˣǶ֧󷼵ġ
ڹڵǰһ죬ҪȥǸᣬڶ˵ͽСˡ
󷼸ᣬΪԼҵĲƷ峤ɩӰֲ㹽ˣ׼ȥᣬʹûֲ㹽ˣҲһЩԼҵĳʳ֮࣬ȥῴûʲôǮĻᡣ
ǰһʱ򣬾ôമ˲ٵĴȥȥ˴˲ٵ±⣬Լ±㹽ܹ֮࣬һЩǿ϶׬Ǯġ
ǣδųҲæˡ
ǩӴŴ˿Ҳģţһˡ
Ҫ±Ļú¯ӾͲˣ̫СˣںδɽӵĺԺȻطСȴ̨̨±⣬δɽ̨ղ
Ѭǣ˼
󷼾Ժֻţ
æһУʱѾˣδɽرۣʵûҪô࣬ˣ㻹ңԸ㿿ҵġ
̲סס˵š
ĸŮ˲иԼ谮ԼأֻЩˣûͷβֻܿԼˡ
󷼣֪ľԺҰԼͺӵδһϣ
ӵ׵Ҳסοˣ
ֻǺͺδɽദԽãģ
ڶһ磬󷼾ʹŶҪȥˡ
ҲҿкδɽԽҰ󷼵Ķᵽϣʡ˲ٵ鷳
ڸᣬϵĵ̣ԭصģϾҲҪ֣Ҳҿкδɽæϵĵճҵˣֻȥ̯ȥ
󷼷Ҳģȷʱ򣬽ϣ˲ˡ
ٵ̯λͱռסˡ
᲻ûǮ̯λֻҪָĵطԼռλãʼˡ
һ·߹ȥֺõ̯λռסˣҶڲԼ̯λ
һ󣬲Զڳ֣󷼣󷼣
һ¿ȥһ¿˹ɩӺʹ峤ϱһԣͷҵģȡ
æһѶ˹ȥ
ӣӴϹ̯
¶΢Цǰ
ͦãųĺ˿ɲ
Ŀޣתͷδɽ¶̵ЦݣǡúδɽҲδɽһԵú¯ӣĵƽҶæȥˣûʱɻϣң
⻰ﲻһů
λδɽһųʵ˲ôģ󷼻ӡ
󷼿úܿһܲʲôҪǲʲôУĺҪһְ֣δɽ˶ѡ
Ǻδɽÿλصûͣ¹ƣ󷼵Ȼůůġ
˰ú¯Ӱںãδɽܿ˻𣬲һСȥ
һľ׼õʯϣ±֭õ㹽ںãϸɴֱӰ±ֺãֲ·˹ۿ
δɽѹںԺȥˮһͰˮʼ󴮴ϡ
󷼶˵ﶼûԷɣ
һԣɩӵæ׼˸ء
˵Żк󷼷˳Դ
󷼵ǴѸóһ԰ɣҲһĳʳ
˵ŻҲʼϴ֣һԵĲ˰һ±ͷ
óʱͱɩӵע⵽ˣʱɾ̾ôģ㰡
󷼵±⣬һ±һЩ㹽ﳢ
ȴ׼ãһѵĴҲõһ԰ںãôһԡ
ɩӼ׼һѵļ峤׼һӵİͷͰӣͷ׼һĳ档
ЩΣʲôû׼һӵ㹽ֱ̯˵Ȼƽϣһ𣬴ҿʼųʳԡ
Χ˿˵ĳʳһ¶۾
Ҫ˵ԣ⣬Ĵӿ϶ûҴ˸ԣҴ󷼵Ĵ£һûŪǮԣҴ˶ܳԵϰˡ
Ĵӣٴӱ˵ˣ±Ϊ⣬ʹЩ˼ҳԵϰ棬Ҳû԰棬᲻ðϰߵ˼ң˭ôҡĳ԰氡
ϣȾ˵ע󷼵ĴŵĵϵζҲŴԶ
󷼷ûأ˹ˡ
֪ļ۸ԺŲ󣬾ͶƷһ¡
һƷȻղỹûʼأΧˡ
ȻҲвġЩ˰Ŀ⿴һԵ±±㹽
±Ȼ᲻򣬲±㹽أһëǮͿһء
˵ȻԸⳢһ£ء
˶һëǮһ±㹽ԡ
±㹽ζⱬը̲סپ׽
̫ζˣһԳζأó԰
ʲôĢ
±㹽ԱЩ㹽ġ
㹽Ǯһﰡ
һԪëһĢ谡Ͳ˰رζ
ͨũ˶㹽ûȤȽһԪǮһˣǶ±㹽ǳȤ
˭ܻһëëһЩ±㹽𣿺ôƷʡ
ȻҲ㹽ȤģЩ˶ȱǮԸʲˣЩ˱һʵ㹽ؼҳ
ҪȵĿͷȺȺڵȲ˷ӻ߾¥ɹ֮ġ
ȺĶҲԽԽˣȺʵ̫ˣģ˺˼ˡ
ɩӵ˴㹽ɢɢȥ
׼Ĵһȥûˣ˺ֻǩ㹽
ǩ㹽ҲǳĺԼ׼㹽ԺҲûţתͷɩӵ㹽
ɩӵ˶ǳлæһԲϴ㹽
ȵ˺棬ֱӰˣԼͺδɽȥȥˡ
ϵƷʲôУũƷֳʳʳסеƷȡ
󷼼ź֮ģҲһЩ
ͣͣȻ󷼿һһЩɴ۾
δɽôˣ
󷼵Һ񿴵һˡ
˭
󷼵µŮ衣
˵ޱĸף
ǡ
˵Żǰ˹ȥ
ǰһ˵֣ڸ߸˵˵ŻҴ·Ьӣ˿ӹòǰʱȣڵҼֱһƵġ
̲סޱڿ㶼õǶ޷첹ڿ
Ůڷʱ򣬸ͷͳÿ죬Щ·ʲôģҲʹˡ
뿪ԺҲûһϢûдһ绰߸ӼĹһ·һĳʳ
̲סҿסң
ЩԺʶ̧ͷһ̣ɫˡ
ߣ˵ʶˣ
ҸɰͰ͵ĵǰһ֪顣
ԭˣӦôһк
ҿ󷼣һİ󣬽Ͱ͵ĵ󡭡û뵽㡣
󷼵ĵ㲻ǻϼǱߵĳȥôˣ
Ϲ߹Ҿһˡ
ԭ
Ҽеĵ󷼣ǻ£ˣԺпϵ
ã
촽ʲôû˵
óҺ˵һЩʲô

ģôôģǺôɶ¡
ҷֿԺţȻһǣһͷ
̲ס߹ȥͬ־ҲҪ𣿡
˿һۣ԰ҲҪ
ֻǮ
˵ʮԪ⶯æҪǼＱǮ϶ͷģԺܲӵġ
󷼵ʮԪǮ
ҧҧаɣˡ
ó˵ȷܼǮֱӰ󷼣ֱӰǮˡ
̵ǣصһԵ̯λȥˡ
ǺöÿӹӦˡ
ɩӵ˿ǣһͷ򶼺ܳԾ󷼽͸Ӻ̣Ȼͷ
߰ǣţּˡ
ιţȻһԵĽʻϺ㣬󷼿˿Щر𲻴
󷼵Ϻôģ
һĺӣӴķãѵѯʼ۸æҪ𣿡
ʮˣӻһ£ɫףóá
󷼵ҶҪĻһҪǮ
Щǽ̵ģʮԪǮ𣿡
󷼿˿ͷֱ




61.  61 ǰñ   61 ǰ

ʱϺķɿ, 󷼵򵽵Ϻ򵽵ǼʻʱĽӪֵ, ֮ģ̲
󷼿Ҫת뿪ʱС̲סס󷼵, 㣬컹ҪϺһץ, ץأ
գһ, , ǰĵط, 㵽ʱҡ, עⰲȫ
㣬֪ˡ㣬лл
ǰһˣȥץȥˡ
ʱ, Ҷ, Ӷÿ, Ҳ֪ļҵĺ, ôС֪ʼ׬Ǯˡ
󷼺ͺδɽ߻ȥʱ, ɩӵ˴㹽Ҳò, ɩЩ˼, , 󷼰, ±㹽ʹҪʲôϣҪĲǮǳܽĵһ㹽𣿡
⵱ȻԵġ˭Ҫ±㹽, Ұѵøǡ
Ӵ󷼰ǿɲˣɽϵ㹽ÿãһһ㡣
ô˵ˡ
˰̯㹽ʱ򣬻ĽӵһЩӡ
ĲٵλҪɹ㹽Աһӣһмǧˣһ¾Ҫǧ㹽˶ֻˣ񵱼˳棬ϵãдվݡ
ԭ㹽·ˣһ¾·ˣ֮ϲˡ
ʵҲͽû˹ֲ㹽㹽ļ۸ļ۸񣬲Ȼ㹽ļ۸۸ġ
ʹиֲ㹽ũ˵㹽ԾһŲԴˡ
ܵ˵Ҵֲ㹽˼ңעڽ׬һˡ
ŸոտʼѣһأŻΪ㹽·
û峤ϱشֲ֪ͨ㹽˼Ҷȥ㹽ȥˡ
󷼸źδɽؼҵʱȥͯװСӦѾˣ󷼹ӵӲùڸպһһް
СӵȷõģӳرžһƤһ
С󷼣̲סӵһһԣСһԿš
Сӵ̷̣򣡡
̷̣򣡡
ԣ
Щˣæó׼õްӵݳ
ЩĽĿްСû˵Ӳҽ·ֱ󷼺ӽ·Ž
ãлл㣡
ӴϣֽˣѺӶˡ
¹غӣСæӰõް
СӣһѾʮˣǸŮСǸҲˣӸͷܰһӪģ
СӣѾͷ淣С
˵Ż᲻˵飬ñط꣬ĸˡ
С㣬ãФɰҲһԸɡ
æ첻Уʱ䣬ҵȥ̯
СæСãûʲôƣлƣҺʹȥɻ
Ҳûлƣɽϵ㹽ҪѿԲժ㹽ժˡ
УǾͲժ㹽ˡ
Ϻϣ±⣬˳±㹽Ϻӵȣһ˳Եıˡ
󷼵ڶҪȥ̯϶׼˲ٵʳģӺСõˣȥæ㹽ȥ
ΪкδɽںüСֹȴʲôû˵
ڶһ磬Сȥˣ󷼼ҴҵĴʳȥϼ
󱦶οѧˣһסˣȥӾȥգ֮£ֻܴһȥᡣ
ϵ֣ȻӿĿϾӣ󷼸ӷֱһˣڸ߸˵ĸˡ
󷼵̯ĵطʱһ磬񼱴Ҵҵĸ˹ˡ
󷼵󷼣£ǸϽ̯λŪɾǩ˺ͬǼҳӣһɹԱǢͬʱбļ߹գ˵ǴΪũĵ䷶Ҫϱֽһ¡
һ⻰һ¾͸סˣҪϱ㣬᲻ʲô⣿ˣ᲻ᱻжһͶѣȻ߿ǻû׷ſҲһһ׵뷨
ǸǼΪ֪ģû£ͱЩʱҲһһһ׬ǮĿڶǵЩ׬ǮʹʱȫûȣûԴγ֮ΪԲõͶ⡣
УֻҪᰴͶ֮ģҾͷˡ˵ҲЩˣǴһ˱ǻ᲻ǵкô
ǿ϶ġ˱ֽ϶иҵǺʱֻ쵼ҲѧϰǴӵֲģʽǴҲ˶ġ
һԵĴ峤ɩӵ⻰¶һЦ
̷˼Ҳֲ˲ٵ㹽ΰ̷̯Ҳˣ֧һ̯ӣ죬̷ĸѹ⽻̷ĸ̷ĸԸտˡ
Ļ̷ĸҲǳļգҪϱ
ΪһũˣɴûԼϱ
ԣ˶ˣˡ
˴ŵʱһģһһ۾һ˵̯λ߹
ĸƤ׾ţʱģ˻û߹ȴЦݣһԴ˵޼ߣǳӹũֲ㹽Ϊ˸ǳӿɶΪṩũ棬ŴҹͬԣĿģеβɹ⣬Ҹģ޼ߣʱǵһҪĳҵдڱֽϰ
޼ߵͷҵͬ־ģҿ϶˼ߵ˵дȥģǹҾҪһΪףŴһԣء
˵˵ЦЦͳ̯λ˹
ǰ緢꣬ڿվ̯λǰ󷼺ͺδɽʱɫһ±ˡ
⵱ȵ˲Ǳˣ󷼵ǰΰ
ΰðҵȢ˸ĳŮѩѩ˳ϳԽ˽ײ㣬ȫûĳϼ󷼡
ΰ˸˾ӣﰵţҪ˵һЩԸģǰ;ĻһӦôԸ󷼡
Ȼһ̣󷼿һԺ󣬾͸ûƵģתͷͺͺδɽһͷͷ˵ʲô
ΰԭ󷼻ûչ˼ҿһۣһͬʱЩ
ǡôʱһԵĺΰͺκӰ˳ˣҰһֱͣӳźδɽְܹ֣ǣ
󷼰ӹܵýƽʱǳԣ³ԻԸС죬ͻҺδɽ
δɽˣȻǣӣԶ̯λȥҪȥˡ
ҵ⻹ǵһμԼӽб˰ְ֣;еӦССһʱҲÿ§ڻ۹̫ˣĿӣʵڰȥ
˸żȻɨҲʶһֻҵˣתͷ޼һ˹
ͬ־ãǸҵ
ͷãҲǴ̸㹽۵ĽǢˡ
λ޼ߣ
޼߹˵ͷ
ҲѴ峤󷼵һܡ
㹽̯λǰ𱬣޼ֱӵȸһգȻһЩֱæԼĻƾУգܹʵıֳũƷܻӭ̶ȣʵš
УԼģʲôҪϵģ㾡ܷԸ
ǣ󷼵Ծɸ̯λǰæţ޼һԸƬ
޼һЩƬԺ޼ΰֹ㹽ĺͬվ˼ƬŽյ
ΰǸʲôʱ㹽Ѿڲ㹽ˡ
һɳȥ㹽ûϣţϡ
û⣬Ұϣ㹽ʲôʱ㣿
һòһȥ㹽ģܽ㡣
⻰һ˶ˡ
޼ȥֳ㹽ɽϿ𣿡
⵱Ȼû⣡ҲڣֱȥС
޼ǼҴҵȥ㹽ȥˡ
ڴеĴڼ޼ߣ֪Ҫϱˡ
ӵϢæ˹ȿͬ޼ߵԼӣæ޼߰Ҳȥϧΰһ;ܾˡ
ΰȥɫÿ˵ôģ㹽ô׬Ǯأֲ㹽ܳͷǾȻֲ㹽ϱɱˡ
˵ŻҲĸĸɩתͷ޼ɽֲ㹽ȥˡ
⸽ɽͷΰϤģɽϣȻɽϵ
ɽ㹽ΰһ棬Щۺ졣
ڴǼһ㹽ûֲ˼ңǺϡٵģǼһ涼û׬
ԭЩũļ棬ϸϸ󷼵İɽ㹽ԺΰЩۺˡ
ΰϴԺô׬һǮ˱Ǯȥ׬Ǯ
ΰ˵ǳ׬Ǯɣ˼ԺֱȥϷȥˡ
ʤ뷨࣬ΰҲ³ıˣŪȥ϶׬ǮϧûʤҲûʤ˵뷨͵һ߼ı䣬һ̨ûȥǰӴߵǮȫ˱䣬ˡ
ιĶﹺ㹽Ҫʹ޸ϵҲøɣôһĶ
ΰⷬΪȻǳɹģԭЩʱҡҡ֣λף֮ǰҿûƭκζЩģȫҽˣҪ˵Ҵɩ˼ңҪΪ˴ףܳ취ŴҸԣϴεҲûзӰһҪŴ˸ԣôҹӣ뵽ȥ

ԣԼղأΰ޹ء

˵飬ΰŵⲻҪɹһʸԱҾֱ㹽ҪףôչԼ˵⣿
ôһ˵һֶĹˣҲŴһϱأ޼ߣء
ԣǴҵһˣΪ˴òŰµģ֮ǰϸϸǾôһ°˼Ȼûаæ˵ףԼղУûҡ
ǣΰٴθϴԺֳΪ˴˼ҵĺ꣬ҶÿⲻҼˣ
սΰֱӴ޼߾ˡ
ڶ죬ΰϵ㹽νĳĲ񣬲ûϣֱһӵǮ㹽˴ˡ
ڸǮˬ죬ٴˢ˴˵ĺøжȣµ⣬˽
ڸ㹽󣬴ֱӸֱۣëļ۸ΰתͷۼȥﱨˣû׬һʡ
ʵϣΰȷǸˡҲûǮʧܣתͷƾרоָһ׬Ǯŵ
ΰĳֵһ͵͵һ棬ٻǮ˼ѧͽԼҲʦɻֱӿһеꡣ
ΰڸھӪͺĳӵλйϵУرлеĽںͽԼ˼ηԺΰ֪˽֪ķŮ˶ˣӵĸδ֪ǶҽҪǮһҪĲСĿΪŮˣںΰϤԺ󣬾ͰѻеĲپƷתͷֱӵͼ۴ΰΰ˳Щٸһʷá
˺Ժΰʹп˲СｭƷ봦֮࣬Щܶ඼õģͬһͻеרŸ˻Щ̭ľշѰļ۸գܹۻĲƸ
뷨̽һ½Ժ󣬽ΪȱǮܿʹӦ
ͷ˻еȥеûѲֵĶݵΰĵ̣ΰþͻⷬĺܿۻһʵĲƸ
ӶǹӪǶʵˣһЩŪһǮ治ù
Ҵ׬һǮȻͷΰĻؼȥˡ
ΪһũӣмֵĻ龢ѩѩ̫ˣΰֱӹȥŮĸĸסһΰ൱ھһŮˣܼҸ˼ң˿ΰĿⶼżֵıġ
ѩѩĸĸڿΰʱҲǴ˵ԽеģΰصܼңǰΰѾһʹ
죬Ȼ׬һǮΰѩѩΪµĶȥһЩǹģ߸Żؼȥźһϲ
ȺӣΰǴϲģϾΰѩѩݣһǧСˣ񷳣˼һһƻŮأ͸ΰһΪһӣԣȻĸ߶źԼĲǣ׬ǮǸ߸˻ؼȥˡ
ΰؼҵɣʱʱ仹ڣȺϰ࣬ԽԵÿյˡ
ΰԼԿ״򿪷ŵʱ򣬹Ȼյģһ˶ûС
ΰԼҲѧأûж룬ѵĵȷڿ¥ȥϢ
ʱ¥ϺȻѹֵĴϢΰܶ죬Ů֮䱧һ𣬲Żᷢ
ΰһ£ţŶ¥ȥ
ڶ¥ΰѩѩķ䣬ŵģΰϱѩѩһ˵棬
ΰһ¸סˡ
ʱΰҲûӵ뷨ϾֳһУܼҸŮģܼҸŮһ¾ͱɨسţֻܻ¹ˡ
ΰһ̳̣Ȼߺ޵Ҫײӵļ飬һӦǽȥ׽ڴ뿪ֳ
뿪ʱ򣬷˵ĶԻȴһΰͣ˽Ų
ֻݴϣЩϤǣ˵ǿǸϹǿ
ѩѩϢ㡭㡭ǿ
ôǿ
ѩѩεεĵϲġ³Ǹˣΰүǡ
⻰Խ˷ˣЦûΰүǣǸɵӣװôò˵֪Ŵţ˯˯˵ŻһѵԻﴫ
ΰһԺֻӺ¡һɵˡ
ΰû뵽Ӷġ
ԭΰ崿߹ĳǧ𣬴ʱںļһЦڮɷء
ֻѩѩһ¶ģӴȸ磬ǲ֪˰жôĶģһΣһӶУΪȸ磬Ҷ뱻һ¡
ǸȵЦĵͲֻ
Ի˵һѵٶˣֻš顱һ£ֻԭΰһ߿ţ˾˹
ǿŮϱӽ㣡
˵Żץͷˮͳ˴ȥ
ƨɵ˺Ů˶ǰŪһʱΰѾӶ˺üˡ
ΰ߽ԺԭҪôĳɫڸԼôһŮñӣ߽Ժ󣬵˾һɫͿյԺԽķŭˣҲԽĺ
ۿΰӣѩѩˣæΰ㲻ܴ֪˭𣿡
ӹ˭ǿŮϱ
ѩѩ֪˭ǣ㲻ܴ㲻ܴ
ǰίǸǣ
ѩѩԣֻҪһ仰ڳʲôˣûǿŮңҺ֮ǰһˣ㡭Ǹߣ㲻Ҫˡ
ΰⷬ۾ˡ
ѩѩôİİͷΣھôĺ޶ѩѩ
ʹ󷼶İͷΣԹļ޸ϡ
ǧоԼҵ氮
ԣʹΧһʸ֦ģһŮܼҸĸһʹĹΪѩѩҲΪٻ󣬶
ڣѩѩ˵ôһԺȻ͸Ӹһ
ȻˣΪΰһΪٻһеˣԣʹѩѩĻ裬ȴԾܹôҲԼ滯
ʱĵǰɣҴ˼ñҸӣԼ˵ɣôң
⻰ĵͬʱһСǶһˣҪʲô˵ȻͷҸͶ
ҵа飡ֻҪ¾ôˣĺӣˣȻš
⻰ããû⣬û⡣
˵Żȥ·ӦΰȰ˺Ū˵ֻҪ첻ִ󣬵ȹзΰûа취
ΰޡһӴͷĳóһֽͱϣд˼ʣڣӡˡ
ɶ
ΰЦһ£ĪǣΪ仰ܰҺסӡھڿͨ黹ǱʲôǿŮҵϱֻ֮࣬Ҫֳȥǣֻٲɣһ֮֡
⻰˵ɫһΰûпĽ䣬ǵϣ¶ݵɱ⡣
ѩѩһ԰ĵҵ㲻ңӰѵҪһкأ
ΰϴˣֻƱˣûᱻƣһΪ˵ܴ衣
ԣΰôأ
ѩѩ˵ʲôãѩѩôһ˵ΰԽѩѩȺһ޵˹
Ȼڱϣǲֳġ
ֻЦĵҵĺӣûȷҵĺӡǣ㿴ҵĺӵķϣҲҪðɣϱ͸˼Ů϶ϲӣֵҪǮˣܲԼĶӣ룬ҵǸԶӣ϶ҲиǿŮɷְֺһɣ
գǺѩѩۿûֻܰӡΰŰӡ˵ͨˡ
ΰǰСʱȥġ
С԰ֹ䣬ȿ߳Լҵӣųȥ
ʱǵ뿪ԽԵÿյġ
ΰ߽ѩѩԾɸ߰ͬһһ㣬ΰָʹΰǲ˰֪ڼôϽ裬ȥҵϴˮȥ
ΰ⻰߽ӣһ̣Ӷƣһƾ͸ѩѩ˹ȥ
һƷֱӰѩѩ˴ϣѩѩݶˣ㡭ˣҴң
ΰЦһ㿴ˣǣ۵ףһ겻ϴ˻Ҫǧ򱶣
˵ŻҲȥѩѩɫֱԿ״ҵĳ룬ѳ֤óϴ·ֱӾͳܼҡ
ѩѩݵĵҵҪţͱˣ
ΰŲһ£Ǿˡ
ߵ¥£ѩѩպûˡ
迴ΰһĲϲҵȻؼˣôذôнӡˣϽȥѵذˣаѩѩ¿˶һأЩӣϽȥϴɾ
ΰֺõȥɻˡ
ǽ죬ΰֻĿһۣĵŮҴ˯أԺѩѩ¿㣬㻹Ǻæϴɣûϴˡ
˵Żƿ߳ȥ
ιιҵ˵ǻʲô˼
ΰһЦ裬Ĳ֪𣿰ŮδУһҰֵ飬Ĳ֪𣿡
ѹֵ飬ԭһԩͷɺԭиҸļͥΪûסѩѩһҵǣͷԣֱӺ˼ҽˣҲͷβ˸͸
֪Ϊʲôֵԭǿˣǿһñӣ

豻ΰʣǰȻɻź;֣ΰͷպÿɫԽı
ԭѩѩĸĸȻ֪ѩѩһи֮һ𣬲е顣
ǲûŮôһԩͷ
ģΰ˶ˡ
ΰ뿪ܼԺֱ͵͵Ǯķסˡ
ԭǴѩѩϲģҿԼӣȻܴܵ裬Լסȥǲʵñӵͷ
Ϊ췢飬ΰڴʱͲ󷼣ԼΪµ˫
ǿӵģǺӳüãǰȣڲˣҳģžһɾ
ǣٺöûá
ΪӺδɽְ֡
ӿʱ򣬾͸ûƵġ
ȻˣΪһܵ۵ĹˣΰʱҲһ¾ѩѩųӻϼңӳְ֣ӹ
ˣԼĶӶĿ̱ʲôȥϻӣ
ʱҲԽǰ󷼵ĺô
һʱ˶ǶԷĳ󷼼ͳΪɩҲ֪ܾ˶ٵί
һʱΰȻĸյۡ
ԱһһʼͰԩͷˣһֱñŮˣΰͱ÷Ĳһˡ
ȻˣΰķֻںҲԽԽ̡
ΪΣϾһᣬԽǮ߸ŵˣҲͼˡ
ͼģҲ˼˵ͼʲôӶҲߵŮˡ




62.  62   62

ĸʱ, ҴĢ˴󲿷֡
Ŵֲ㹽˼ҴǮЩûֲ㹽˼ұۺˣ, 󷼵ĴɩǰΪۺ졣
ʱʱվڴڣһ㹽ߣЩûҧ
㹽۸, Щ㹽˼ңȥ, һʱ, Ʈζ
Ȼ, Ӻ⡣
ڱΰѹ߼Ǯƹ, һӵǮû, ջǿӺѹңǿѵֲȥ
պ󣬵Ƚ˹ôгʳ, ˲ҳƤ, Ҫʳծ, ҪһЩ, ԼһЩǮ, ϺʳǮȡ
˴ڳ, ǺǼ޹, Ǽиڳ﷢, Ǽһⶼճ
ӵԽķߺ, ǲǵĶӲֻ󷼲ǹͬԣ
ҪʹһˣΪʲôҪô˶ԣˣΪʲôӣ
Ȼ, ǾڲᵱǾܾ㹽ġ
ǣϰߣӺ쵽˵󷼵Ļ
ϧղͬգ󲿷ֵ˶ܵ󷼵Ķݣʹûܵݵ˼ңҲ׼ֺ󷼣ҷƵ·
ԣôһ˵󷼵Ļأ
˵󷼵Ļʱ򣬻˼˻ȥģȢĹѸϱСѸŷֺأ󷼵ĻĵЩ˰Ǽñ˺ãЩ˼ҰһǸ˼ңѵֵĽ˼ҳȥԽԽ˰ɣ˭ԼǸɥأԼǸɥǾˣôͼӹأ
ⷬܲˣݺݵĵСѸ˵˭أ
СѸȫҶǹѸ
һԽԽңܿ죬
ǰڴҲһŮˣǰӼӹòﻹ˴Ǽҵģϧһȥͷ˱仯Ҳû˴ˡ
˶˸ͷ챻ڵϴһ٣ȴ峤Ϲܣ˵ĴŽ
¿ʼԽû˺һҴ򽻵ˡ
ʶ˻˽ޡ
νʮӶʮž
۸ˣһٲǼܹǵˡ
СѸԴ鴫󷼵ĶȻ󷼲ϲǶСѸΪǿ϶ҪģȻǨʱ򣬿ɲô״˵ġ
ٴλص󷼾СѸʾϢСѸȥæ
СѸֵЩû
СѸԴǰŲ㹽׬ǮԺˣСѸֽׯС죬ǸȽŮˣ£ǰȥԺֻǰֵǶٳޡ
ǰʱӵģ޹Ժ󣬺ӾͶǰĸĸֵˡ
ׯС˼׬ǮԺҲ͵͵һ·һЩģͻȥӡ
˵׬ǮĻᣬ϶Ǹ˵ġ
ׯС챾Ҳһøʱǳ󷼶Ը˵ͷˡ
һߣۿŹڹȥһ룬ŴС̲ס˵ˡ
ãмҪ㡣
㣬ô˵Լҽãʲô뷨ҿ϶ġ
С촽ãҲȥˡ㡭ܰҷݹ𣿡
󷼵㣬ԭ˵£ȥ⣬ʹ㲻˵ҲҪģ㣬Ȼ뿪Ǹطͱȥˡڹ⣿ҸһӪԿ
ʲôӪ
Ҵ㿪һ±꣬ҿ꣬һ¸㿪ʮԪǮĹʣ湻Ǯҽ±⣬Ҳܿһ±꣬㿴𣿡
⻰˵СһۺˣҲ̲ס
ããס󷼵̵ֱ֣ӵ
ãлл㣡Сʵġ
󷼽ס֣ĵ㣬ﲻǹӣˣһҪӣһҪŮúã۾ǣ£ѧƵĺˣεķ⣬ӹεĺãǸô͵ȡǿռ˵Ķ޷󼰵ĸ߶ȡ
ⷬ˵һԵСҲɶݡ
㣬ãһŬ
ãһŬ
Ȼ⹫ĸ׵ķӻ˻ǻǱű͵ߵԼҵĲףԼһ֮£һ͵ߵĹŶ鱦ΪҪԼĸף⹫ˣ綼Ҫһ¡
СصǴôҲϺӡ
ֻǵӺˣǺͺһӣжԹ𣬲ܹ㡣
ȻǮƵǸ˵Ķ֡
˵Ժ󣬹СӵĴ㣬Ҳó
󷼵㣬ȻҲȥˣʲô뷨ȷӵδ滮֮࣬ӲܲѧǸ˵Ļô
СȥǸ飬Ǹ˿϶ҪڵģֻȰ˺ţǸѾˣҾ˵Ҫ׬Ǯβÿ¸ĳȥһ㶫Ȱסˣһһ졣
СȥǸ˵ǿŮϾԸġ
ȻǸˣӵĸģ᲻ӣһǸʲôģԺ󶼲ܲξ֮ģ󶼲ܺϸ
ԣֻ̡
̵㹻ǿܹһŰǸߵһߵʱ
СԼд㣬󷼾ͷˡ
˵ڶ죬󷼾ͿʼϿˡ
һ±Ҫ˶ĵطֻҪһССĵ棬ܹɵסСͺá
Χ˿˲ĵ档
ҲˣǧԱԱ߻һͷأԱһһСС±ˡ
ڸ˿ûп̯λ⣬һ£̯λң±̯ӣȴȿ
죬󷼾Ͱ±䷽С꣬СΪĳŮյõѧƵָ㣬Ҳһ£Сͻˡ
Сڳæˣ󷼼һЩͷȣСˡ
̯λĻҪһƶ̯λģøֲһֵƳԷʳģĲ̨˲ϣΪչʾ̨ʳ
˵ڶһ磬СȫȲסֱӾȥĳ̯ȥˡ
ڰ̯رˣϺ繤˵ʱ̯
ϵʱ򣬸СⲢ̫ãС껹Ϥ·һȥ̯ĳ棬ӭź磬ʵڰ̯ˡ
ϡģӵģͲģҲͷġ
󷼺Сϵʱ˵̯λø˶˹
һԲĴĵʲôŹģŶӶˡ
Цŵ±͸±ˣ±ͷԪǮһ±һԪǮһ±ķʳ֮ģֻҪһëһ
⣬±ź֮ģžͷǳĿθ
˼ĺǲͬʳһ󷼺С˼ֵЦݡ
мʶ󷼵ģȥĶѿ֮ģúЩ˶Ʒء
ӴСԭ㰡
󷼺Цźͺü˴кóһЩ±ɺźƬ±ΣǩΧ˳ԣԼҵʳƷһЩζզ
˵Ʒҿ˵ô˼һ̣ǩһ˲һʳƷ
Ʒģ˺ĵһСںɫʲôմһ棬ζ밡
ΣֻҪһԪëǮһ
ӴΣζðզôó԰ˡ
Σһ飬һصؼ·
ãգ
СæȥһԳΣæкõݸԷ
˵һӶвΰʳ֮ࡣ
ʱ򣬸պùĹҲŹ٣˴Ӽˣ±⣬̲סһЩٺһ̯λͷϡԡ
ǵĹʮ·ݵʱֽһϵ˶˶ʮһµĹˡ
һһ˿϶Բ꣬еĴؼҺͼһԣеüһһ֮ġ
һϹȥ󷼺СӪҵ׼ļʮʳزһˡ
ģͷϡ֮ģź˲١
˼ҵʳպú±һ˴Ĳˡ

ߵʱ󷼵Ҵ㣬ԺҪҴ±ˣҶա
ӴѾͷˣҲǵ̯ﶼʶˣҰ̯
ϰӰ̯λúá

̯λŶԷҪ̯ãıҲá
С꺬ЦӦ˼䣬źһˡ
ϣ󷼺С˵˵ЦЦ˻ȥ
±ôСϣڸ¶Ц
ãû뵽±ô
룬ʲôȻվᵽʱ±и
˻ȥԺһĿԽ±ˡ
ûвˣгСһȥ׳⡣
׳⣬ļ۸˲٣ˮЩǻͰһ
󷼲ûСļ۸С꣬ϣСܶһ档
ûȥԺԭӦ±һϲζģ±÷˼СʱС껹ȥ̯Ϥ׬Ǯ
ӣ˹ϵȹڽȥȥˡ
˹ڵһ죬󷼵ϱˡ
޼ƬǿڽǳģǳڱأһݱȽӰıֽˣֽƬֱ󷼵㹽Լ˵㹽ɽʵͽϲƬ
ǰһƬһŴƬǿǵСƬ
ЩƬһʱʶ󷼵˶߹ѯϱ顣
󷼴󷽵ĳˣ˼ÿһ㹽
ʶδɽˣ˲λģǿ˱ֽԽĹĿ࿴ˡ
ڵлҲ߹󷼿һ˵Ҫѱֽ档
ʵϣҪѱֽģɲֻлһˡ
Ҵ峤һıֽش峤˼ÿһűֽ
ֽԺ󣬴˶ݱֽúõı׼ŸԼݵʱ򣬲Żø˿
ڴϱԺ쵼ָʾ֪ͨ峤ȥ￪ˡ
ũĽ裬쵼Ҫ峤̨һҴķչһôֲ㹽س쵼̬ȣĴӣѧϰҴֲһֲһԣ
峤ȥ껰صʱ˶Ǵģһֲ֮С
ΪسǣȻҲΪˡ
ңˣȻǣ쵼Ҳ͸һڷ磬Ƽһ峤ѡ
ʱ峤ûгɣͰƼȥˡ
֮ԱȱĴӸԣҪԭ󷼴Ŵÿ뾡취¸
ԣΪ˴Ժõķչ϶ҪƼ峤
ֻ˴峤ܸõĴ¸
峤ʱ򣬾Ͱһ£󷼴һȫû뵽ӳѡԼ峤ʾ峤⡭ô峤
峤ȥһ䣬ӼĻ˼Ҳ峤Ҫ˴峤˭!
Ȼ峤ô˵ԾЩţգ峤ֻ󷼻ش忪ᣬѯʴˣô˱̬
Ҷͬ峤Ǵ峤ѡˡ
Ҷͬ峤û˵峤϶üȥ
ΣֻܴӦ
ǡõڶ죬شסһҪӶ˹شһס󷼱˻ش
￪ᣬ󷼱Ҳֻڴˡ
峤˽һδ峤ѡۣ峤ʱ򣬴˼Ҷ
ãԣԣͬ־峤峤Ƿ
󷼿϶ܴȫһԣ
ԶԣǾҪͬ־峤
Ȼ峤˵һңеĴͬ峤û˵ֻӲͷƤεĴ峤ˡ
󷼵Ĵ£˼ңҼһΪǧʲϵĸ̣ӳΪĸ壬Ǻˡ
ʱ󷼣ﻹأԼܹѴ˴ãһһɣӲͷƤϵ״̬
ʮ£࣬ҲԽԽˡ
ڴ˶ʼèˡ
㹽һһջ񣬴ѼȣһǮ
һɽɽġ
ϧϰʱɽֳϤǷˣֻһȺɽ
ЩɽȦɽ޿ӣֻܲµ
ļʱ󷼵ļ˲֣ĲƤˡ
ףҲʱˡ
ԴӼ˱Ҵ屻Ϊ˹ٴ壬ҵԸҴ
֮ǰ˲ٵλĺʽ绰ȥԷͬչˣ˼ңһ󷼣Ѽˣһļ۸
ֵķ꣬϶¶Ц
ʱģ㴫һϢ˵ҴҪռãҴ帽Ҫ޽վǵĻվҪǨҴ帽
Ϣһˣ
ɶ?Ҫռأǿզ죿ԺûеˣզʲôԼ
һʱ˶ű겻֪롣
ȻˣҲһ
˵޻վռأǿҪİʱͷˣ˶׬һǮ




63.  63   63 

ǰ, վҪռصϢһ´˳Ҵһˮ, һ°Ѵըˡ
˶۷׷ס
Ϣٵʱ򣬴Ȼ˴Ź, Щ˴·滮ֵĹŹ, ڴӸʲô
ӭȥ, , ͬ־, ǴҪǨ·𣿡
Ա, ֻǰڹ滮ҲڿΣҪҪҴ崩滮µĻվ, Ҫʱ֪ͨ
Ķ, ·ֵĲԱ˼Ժ, 뿪˴ӡ
, Խļˡ
˼ҹԱ, ܲǨǨĻ, ǿ϶Ҫ⳥ظǮİɣûԺ, ԺʲôأǨԺ, ·𣿻˵, ǨԺ󣬻һʲô÷
֮ڲǨ, ˶鲻һ
峤ڱΪԺҲȥѯ˲ǨϢˣûеõ϶Ϣֻ˵ڹ滮֮С
ЩĹԱԺ󣬵˹ǰûϢǨʱûŶ
ԽԽ䣬ζԽԽӽˣҲʼ׼ˡ
⣬ɹȣҲճ
ÿĩ󷼶ش壬ʼӸɻ
ȰɱããҲҪʼ׼ˡ
òƷ͹ȥһЩȥԡ
ǵģ꣬ȫҾϱȥȥˣֻȺδɽż٣ȫҾһ
ȵ¶ʮ󷼾Ϳʼ﷢ˡ
һ꣬ǿ϶Ҫдģ󷼲Ұѹʶǵʮ壬׵ʱ򣬸ﶼ׼һһ
ͨһʮԪǮһӵǹģԼѬ̷֮࣬ĺͲһˣ˷ֺǮ
̷ŷֺһһѵ£߸˻ؼҹȥˡ
̷һûôǮǱͨ˼ңҲù٣Ҳ£
Ȼˣϱ÷Т˳˹·ҪӶ˹ȥꡣ
ȥҪģԶУգ󷼵ֻܲˣ̷˺̷ʾչ˺ֻͬ˽ӹȥˡ
ȸżԺһʰ׼Ͼꡣ
ϾǰСȥѯʶʤǷҪһϾ꣬ʤ˵ҪڽŮСҡҡͷֻܲԼˡ
˺δɽżԺһ˴·ƤЬŴСֱϾǵĻ𳵡
ǵһ𳵣ĺ棬ڻϵ
ǸûǮģŵƱȫ˶̡
ϳԺ˳ԼƱ˹ȥ򵽵ĳƱ̶̡
źס̣ǿ϶㣬һ˸߸˵š
Ʊڵĳᣬ󷼵̳ƱȴŮ˸ռˡ
Ů˴ĦǵӴ£Ϳſں죬űըĲͷֱλһˣڴʳһѵıмŮ˵Ķڴϡ
üͷ߹ȥͬ־λҵģÿһ¡
Ů⻰̧ͷмĿ˿󷼣ϲס̣ʮԪǮλá
Ů˵̬ȱţһԣ󷼺ͺδɽһüͷ
δɽ߹ĶŮ˵һ£ǵλãǿаռ˵λãǸȥ
⻰˵Ůһ±ŭݺݵĵһʲô˲ǻңΣ֪˭Ҿס̣ҾϲҾͲˣܰզģ
ЦҪǰɣ
ǡóϵĳ˾·󷼺һ¶Էͬ־˰ռǵλá
˾⻰üͷ˽ȿδɽľװ˾Ȼ𾴣תͷ԰ռ󷼵λŮ˵λͬ־óĳƱòĳƱô뿪λá
Ů˵ȻòƱںݺݵĵҲߣҾͲߣզģҪǿңҸ𣬵ʱҾͺåˡ
˾ɫ䣬Ůһۣųȥ
Ů˵ʱŮ˾λŮͬ־߹˵ֱӰŮųȥ
λŮͬ־㲻ҪǵĹ
գŮ˵á֮£Ů˵ױˣûԼλá
С̲ס̾Ϣʲô˶а
ȴ̲ס˼ǸŮôЩ죿
룬ûŮˣֻˡ
ҵλԺ󷼴źκ˯һ̣ΰźδɽ˯һλСĶ˯һλĴŮˣԼһ˯һλСҲһһλ
ϵĴλƫС˯òȴƱվƱҪ֪ٱˡ
һҹọ́;ֻܴˡ
ڳʼϲûгʲô⡣
ȵ˾У˴Ϻްεĳųȥ
ڻվվ̨Լʱ䣬żҴʹɩ͵Ⱥˡ
żҴеȸӣһߵӣȻ󷼵ѰһЩǿ˴żЦ˼ֺС
żҴɩһģЩŮˣϴ˼ֵĳģ
Ⱥңңģ󷼾ͿŴ磬æź˹ȥ磬磡
ʤ¿󷼵ɲǣۿһ¾ͺˡ
뿪ҵʱΪһӣҲԼˡ
ĸȥԺ󣬼ˣҲüˡ
ʤ¼ĵããã
תͷδɽͼӣδɽһ˲ţ̲סͷּӶĹɶ£Խ
÷ͼӰɣߣߣȻؼҡ
߳վ̨ڻվվһ˹
ڹҡҡڰ֮Уһ˳ˡ
󷼿ЩϤĺ̲ͬסЩתЩ׵ļ䣬Ժӿ˳
ָһطСʱϲƤˣͶһԺھӽߵƤ
ôһ˵̲סʪӡ

ãϵǴԺ·𣿡
ϵõģء
˵Żȥ
·ϣ󷼵ھӣ̲ס˴кЩǰʶˣֻһ꣬ϸϣϲˡ
ʤµͬü˶ˣµ˳ֻǶʶˡ
һʱòЩꡣ
һԺӣʤóԿװԺӴŴˡ
ԺӴŴԺ󣬵һС԰ֻͱ˸ĳһĲ˵أԺӵһԣһӣ䣬ұ䣬ǰһ䡣
ʤ°˴ǰӣպһСŮʤܵйùãǵĹùá
ʤµĺӣѾʮˣһֱûСһӣҲаˡ
ʤµļ￴ͽıڣӹòôá
ʤµĻվùá
ʤµϱϼЦݣСӵ
һ˼棬ⲻһɣ˵ѹĵط̲סֱͷʹһ
ñط꣬ʤܣüǱ꣬ٴˡ
󷼴ʱӴĴʼͶ
ԼѬ⣬ֹɵȣһóһԵʤ¼ĺ̲סſˮ
̸ͨҲ֪ŴʤһҷŴɩûйһڣȫŴ׬ǮңӹýͰ͵ġ
ʱʱܵĴѹ
̰ͼü˵ԺӣüŴ磬ѷӸϱһݹŴܾˡ
ŴӣֱŽŽҵų
ȻȽϾнǱȽ϶µĺӡ

˵һԺŴǣֱ˶ߵӡ
ССźһӣ󷼺ͺδɽźһӡ
ŴָһԵӵãããܱǸΪûھҼҵСӺѾͷֱסߵӣǷģ׬ǮҾԺӺԺֱӣǰȥҪʱס
磬ô˵úסҲãǶûھأ²
˵ŻǱߣŽҵΪһĴ磬ҲСļȥˡ
ѩѩͦģӸ䣬һܵԺѩأʼѩˡ
ŴǴɩǵתתôûˣ仯ɴˡ
ããɩˡ
ӦõģӦõġ
󷼵˴˲ٵĳʳɩһЩʳȥһԴŵСȥˡ
Ŵ֪ҪڳһˣڻϲûгԺãŴ³һ
ŴĳҲ൱ģһ൱Ļۺ;һķζ
ó԰
óԶԵ㡣Ŵ纬Цõĺӣ¶˿ֵЦݡ




64.  64   64

󷼵˵ĵһ, ;ۣһȺڳԷԺ󣬶Ͻ˯ȥˡ
ҲŴú¯ʲôĸ, ˺һ㡣
˵ڶһ磬һ˻ϲϲĳȥȥ
ûлˣ󷼵Ȼúù, Ǯûʲô, ֱȥ
Ȼ, Ŵ·һϴ÷׵ľ·, ŴӲŴɩ, Ų·, óǵӹòôãŬ׬ǮҪԼͼ˵ˣ۸һҵĺʲǼ, , ڿԼĸһӹòԺ, ȻҪһ¡
ֱǮĻ, ǿ϶õ, ·Ͳһˡ
·ȷĹ, ǹҲйĵ, , ʽʱС
󷼴Ŵɩ˹, ŴΪҪһЩú̿δɽһȥúȥˡ
ߣȵ, ŴɩԭɪӰԽɪˣЩձ
Ŵɩ૵ĵãҪͱȥˣĶ̫ˣֵá
ס֣ɩ߰ɣˣ϶Ҫġ
˵Żͷ˽ȥ
󷼴ͷ߽ȥȥģȥ򻤷ƷˣĻƷƷʿ϶ǺõģһǮһݻĶò٣СطܶƵĶȥۡ
ķݻƷһ˷һݣŴͷǰȥ
һֱӳŮװȥ
ԱȾǵ·󷼵ϴ·ʵЩˣ󷼱һڼģ뵽϶һջԼŮԣɣ˶һսۡ
ڷװѡѡȸԼһ˶һ·
Ǵ죬ֻҪźްˣǵ£˼ֱů·Ĳʲ޻ŵЩޡ
ڽǿû·أֵˣ·бů·ˡ
󷼿˿ƣ·һóǱߵ·
󷼿·һҲ뵽һ׬Ǯ·ӣﲻ˶Ѽأȵֳ꣬˾͸ˣҲչѼëë·Ļǲܳû׬һʣ
ϧϤװҵ·룬ǾóȻ¡
Ͷ·ʱ򣬶Сģõ·ǲô·ˣȿ·ļ۸Ժ󣬸Ǿ·뷨
ȴһ°Թ·ȫˡ
·ԺǶްǮѾˣֻܰ·ˡ
߳ҵԺ󷼺Ըܵ˲١
ŴɩԭЩ˵ӺԱԶԴűˣʱҲ̧ͷˣұֱ˲١
󷼿Ŵҵת䣬ĵͷ·ֵ
˴˵·ͿʼװˣװԺپͯװ
һװʱ򣬵󷼿һ·ҪϸϸѡһŮһ°װһ˹ȥ
ŮĵĿһۣһҲ··ˣ
⻰ɫһˣϸϸŮŮһˡ
ŮǱˣǻǸǿռλŮû뵽Ů
ŮĻ󷼵ĵ⻰Ҳ˵ģһҲ·ɱ·ˡ
Ů⻰ɫһ±ѣݺݵĵ㡭У˵˭أ
У˵أ
㣡ҪŮˣУȫҶУ
⻰ЦһԭԼҲԼ˰Ǽ·ǾͰ·ңпɱ˼ҵҵˡ
Ů⻰Щݺݵĵ·Ҫˣ
üȥһ·ָոȥŮǰһһ·Ҳ˹ȥ
һ·Ů˾һ·Ů˾һĿģһ·򲻵
Ȼ󣬵Ůѵ̴·Ժ󷼵ĵУ룿ɱģˣ·ҡ
Ů˶ݺݵĵ˵˭𣿺ߣɱ·ˣ·Ҷˡ
Ů˵ŻȥһԵ̨ˡ
ڽ˵ʱӪҵԱ˵ĸ߰ķװ۸Ů˵ɫȻЩѡ
һ̣뵽е·Ůֵ
Ů˱һѵװŮ·󷼵ʱŮһģڣһ·Ҳ򵽡
̵ĵ·ôΪ㵱ԩͷԭһġ
㡭㡭֪˭ҵţŮŤˣȴһƵᣬðҵţ
˵Żȥ˱װȥ
Сãģ̫ˡ
һԣŴɩɫȴÿŴɩЩֵ̿ĵãҡʶ˭ˡ
󷼵˭ҿЩ졣
ŴɩۺһŮ
ɶǮǸŮµŮ
ǣǰˣˣⰢ֪ˣ϶ġ
󷼵ĺٻٻ޸󷼵׵Ժ󣬸󷼵׵Ůһӡ
ǰһһŮ˫ӣֽŽԪŮŮŲʷ
󷼾˵ŮЩ죬ˣŮԶһһ㣬˵ģǺͺٻٻһް
֪ļƷŮǺµŮǸû۸ԼŮ󷼵ˣЦӯӯĵɩʲôǺҲһŮˣܰ˳˲ɣ
Ŵɩ⻰ԽżˣǸŮˡǵġ

󷼵ɩ£ҪǸ۸ǣ϶Ĳ
ʹԼ⹫ĳڣǼҺǸŮһӣעһӵĳˣԶܺͽ⡣
뵽Цһ۾ȴ
󷼸δɽŴҲֱһ·ָÿӶһްһ˫Ь
Ьеʱµ˶Ьأĺ˭Ҫôһ˫ЬӣǵøĺӶĽѡ
˴Сǵ󷼵۲ѡ
Ȼصͬ֪·ЬӣһΧ˹
Ž赽ǴˣҲһˣ˻æպõˮ˹
æްͲЬ
ԭһģȴ򿪴ӿްЬӣһ»
ۣʱµ޷ͲЬأùãлл㣬̫ϲˡ
ĺӣҲͺͬαһ˫Ьα˫Ьûĺÿء
ҪЬӣԳΪͬС
һԣСļҲΧƹ
裬ǵأ
̣ǵأ
УУ
󷼰Ь·˹ȥкӶ




65.  65   65 

, һߣδɽŴȥú̿ʱȴһЩ鷳
ڵú̿ӦԾɽ, գҶú¯ӿأѩִ, װعʱļȱú¯, ӿɾѹˡ
󷼵˹, Ŵǰ˶һú̿, ȥú, ˼ȴˡ
úŽݺ, ֮ǰŴĶŴúֱӰѶ˸Ŵ磬, Ǹ, , ûú, ȥʰɡ
Ŵż, , ֮ǰ˵ҽúôһ¾ûˣ
ݺһ, Ц, Ҳ˵֮ǰ, ⲻûˣʲô취
Ŵ绹˵ʲôδɽȴסŴ硣
ǰݺļ, һǹΪŴ磬Ŵ缴˵ĺûҲûã˼Ҹ㣬˵׼㡣
δɽóһǰƵ̵ݸݺǣǿԱм۸һЩһ㣬и㣡
ݺ￴̣᲻ƿ̽ӹҪ־͹ֵܵ˲õˣҪҵûȥˣֵܣ½⡣
˵ˣδɽֻܴŴ糯żȥ
ŴɫЩѿ૵϶ǸŮģͲȫҶźðѷȥ
δɽ˭
ŴЩΣɫЩѿĵ衣
δɽŴ飬ǲ˵ʲôˣοŴ磬ú̿ż취
Ŵ⻰Ҳû棬δɽʲô취
˻ȥʱŴЩͷɥģδɽ˿һԵʾ֣һ£ȥһ绰
У㡣
δɽ߽ʾȥ绰ȥˡ
ȵ绰ͨԺ󣬵绰棬һ˵˭
δɽӣ
ɽ磿
ӣңδɽ˵㷽ŪһЩú̿ڱ
Էδɽһ¸ɽ磬˵ؾôֵкֵҲȥ㰡ɽҪú̿ǲǣһ͸أ
˵һ仰ԵرС
δɽ˵˴Ժĵַ
Ӱѵַɽ磬ôסǵض̫ίɽˣɽ磬Ҫһסɣпշ䡣
δɽ˵ˣϱҸ꣬һϢй¶ӣסˡ
ӱδɽôһ˵סˣɽ磬ôɶҪҿҿɲˣɽȻˣǿ϶ɩӳԸǡ
˵ɣȹˡ
ãգ
ӶԺδɽѾٻ·ǳ𾪣𾪵ͬʱ޵Ļϲ
δɽǰ޺ͺȥδɽһʧȥ˾񣬱һһˣҲǸŮ˵ⲻѡ
ΪδɽĸǣԼĸվˣȻ˲ѣͬʱҲԺͺδɽٻŮ˳˺档
ԣԭú̿òȥģֻҪԸһˣԼһȥһúδɽú̿ȥ
һߣŴֿտջŴɩɫò԰
Ŵɩúúأ
Ŵ̾˿ݺﲻˡ
úõզͲˣ
˵˴кˡ
˵ԽĴͷɥˡ
Žʱսȭͷϵһ֣ǲǸŮģһҾǲŹǼңǲǣ֣ȥŻԻһ٣ҿˣУ
ŴæѴס裬ˣҪȥҴˣ걻ȥզ죿Ҫ㵵ϼһʣʱ㶼ûȥξˡ
ŽһȭͷһԵϣɫѿ
֣Ǽһֱ۸Ǽңǰڴ۸ǣȻˣһݹǾвŰĹŪǡʵ̫ˡ
æ磬⵽զ£
ǶԼۿŲ˵ˣŴֻ̾һ˵˳
ԭ磬ŴͱٻٻֽţŵһرѵĵطȥˣŴȥ޻أŴͬе֪ٻٻͨһЩ֪࣬Щ֪Ŵ磬ٻٻǸίİְֵȨЩ֪ıȡһЩô
Щ꣬ʱŴ˸оԼʲô˳Ե⣬Ҳûġ
ʱˣŴҲԼˣǻǲ֪ԭ
֪Ž۸Ŵһ٣֪ЩһܵĿ࣬ǺٻٻΪ
׵̨Ժ󣬺ȻûôˣȨȴû̲Ƹ
ԣŴһһسԺԾɱ衣
ʱٻٻűմŹһĻӣٻٻŴ׷ӻһǧԪߣŴܾˣ˸ˡ
Ժ˱㷢һѵʵһ˼ʹص˳ǸҲ
ǵ֪ȥ˺ܶ쵼ÿζţۿһƶʱ󣬻ŴȥŴ̽Ϣ˵ǵˣ˼ͷкˣǼҰŹ
ŴһȻżȴҲûá
⹫ѧƣˣ˵Ǿ飬Ŵȥҵһ¥Ĺһǿзԡ
ŴɩˣûʽϢ
Ŵɩȥ湤ȻʽǺôǮá
ֻ˼죬Ŵɩͱˡ
˲֪Ŵɩ湤鱻ٱˣǸλԱûӣֻŴɩˡ
ŽŽҵȼӶǺ͵ĺúӣĸô࣬ȻҲȥҹǿ϶ҲģգֻܽһЩ˺еĻ
ڼѧ飬͸ˣѧУǱ˹û˴ӣ⵼¼ӸûʲôȤѧֻɻļ
ѧ飬ŽҲ֤֤Լ˱ٻٻ۸ˣԭһΣŽ迴ٻٻŽʦҸʦ顣
ʦڰ༶ϺݺӣӣӵӺùŹˡ
Žٹһѧھͳбҵˣ⺢Ӹѧˣʹбҵȥξͷߣ׳ʵû˴ѡϡ
ȻˣûĻʵҲûٷչռ䣬ȴޣҲˡ
żҽһŴȭͷýġ
СҲҺͶȥǸطҲǸŮѡõģһ̶ֱԶܷ
ʵϣ󷼵ľѣżüˣȷûһϺӵģһ˴ĥܾĥ
ü˵Ż棬һ˵ںţʤúˣ
ɶúģ
һ߳ͼһƤпˣȿ㣬һˣվڻǰڳԺ￴š
ȿδɽ¶һڴ˵ӭȥɽ磬ѽú̿˹ˡ




66.  66   δɽһ߳Ϳۡ

δɽһ߳, ͿǰľС
Сһر𳱣򣬸ھӶ̽ͷ
δɽ, аӣôһú
ӵõδɽıԺ, õһЦúϲ£, , һú̿, , Ҫʱҿڰ, һ׼Ū
˶٣ֵ磬ú̿ôţ
δɽ㿴Ŵ, Ŵ翴ôһú̿, ˵ļ, ôһú̿, Ǽ궼ʹ˰
, , ú̿ŪԺ, ҵʱ˱Ĥ, ȸš
Уϸ, øֵܺһᡣ
Ӳһģ߻С, СҲر񣬺;Ӳ磬Ȼž£һ˵Ҫúֻ̿ƣüͷһ£·׼ȥɻ
Ŵ˼ҸɻæסкһԺ˼ھӣһæú̿
δɽҪкˣֻܰѾӴԺӣȥ衣
ӣǿ϶úδɽæģֻסδɽһЦ⣬磬磬ɩأ簡Ҫɩӣ飬ҿ׼Ŵء
δɽЦСӣҿɶ
˵Żһ°ɩ󷼡
Ǿӣһֵܣȫ
һԣһɩӺã
ͦ룬ر̲ס¶Цݡ
ӣ̫лúˣúǮֵˣҰǮ㰡
ƴһ£δɽҲҪǮգֻõ磬úģ˳͵ģǾ͸ɱ۾С
˵Ż˵һ۸۸ϵú˲٣ôһ󳵵úҲһǮ󷼴ҪǮδɽȰǮˡ
ӿ˵ݹǮҲûƴǣϾúҲһ˵ġ
󷼵ӣţȥ˵ˮ
Ӵɩӣ̫ɩˡ˵Żóһɩӣ͸飬ҵһ⣡
ô˼ںδɽʾ£ֻˡ
ӴҲóһҲˡ
Ŵжúδɽʹż˵󷼿ݺһ˳ȥһӵԲһЩ˳Լԡ
߳ȥԺ󣬾̲ס磬ҿɩ˲Ϊˡ
ɵСӣɶʱܺϲƣ
磬ҺϲƵʱҿ϶㣡
һȺ˵Żʱ̲ס磬ҸոնЦˣãǵһЦˣ
⻰˵ĺδɽ
磬ɩӣͺúùӣԺӣӿ϶ԽԽãʱ򣬵ҪǸŮ˵
δɽҪ˵ʲôһԣκıְְܹ֣֣ۼҵĿɶѽ
ԭ⺢ųţھӼҺһںͬѩȥˣ˵Լ˿ˣӾܻˡ
Ȼκ䣬۾ɴˡ
磬ǡ
δɽ䣬塣
ã
⡭ԭǸĹŮãã
ְ֣ĿôеģǲǶ˰
źһӻ龢ˣʲôְ
ҽкκ䰡
ϲְֻϲ壿
Ȼǰְˣ汿
˵ŻһֺǺǵˣһܣһߵְ֣Լ԰
磬⺢ã˻ǰġһȻòú񡣡
δɽȻ֪˵˭˵ĴŮ
磬ɩȥ¥Էȥϵҡ
δɽֻõУԷ
⻰ˡ
Ѻδɽ׸һԴӿɲùҲиںӿɲףҲÿδɽæ·ôû
δɽξȥˣֵûϡ
δɽӣĹأгͺǸϱУ
磬ó˸εͷͺһ˾죬һ⽻ء
УͦãֵǶòҾͲˣԺɩӵҸһң˳֣Ͷһ£ɩӺú׼ˣٺúþ۾ۡ
磬Ϳӣǿ϶ûġ
˵һỰú̿Ҳˣĵ磬ҿ㰡һȥԷ
С
תͷˡ
Ūһ󳵵ú̿ɰŴŴɩֻˣ֮ǰҲʧ
Ŵ÷аһգ۵Ĺ򣬾Ūһú̿
ŴɩҲͷǸˣ
Ŵ߽ѯʵãú̿һǮҰǮ㣡
磬øǮˣú̿ҲǴɽѰ͵ģǲøǮ
ôУ
磬ҪٺҿҾˣתͷҾͲסˡ
ôһ˵Ŵֻˡ
磬ŴˣļӣҲֺǺǵģȥھӼҽ˹ߣҲ˲ú䣬ȥװһЩȺúԺ󣬱㿪ʼú
ֻأֺǺǵںú棬õú̿ϸ
ڸھӹú̿¹úޣ˼ﶼȱú̿
ڣнַ̲סŴ磬ʤ£ú𣿡
Ŵúҵأ÷ġ
һ٣磬һЩԼãʣµĸõĽַһЩлƽﻥӦ
ŴУǾǹϵõһҷֳȥһٽɡ
ھ⻰һٽúﲻõĶܶˡ
ú˵Ȼܰã󷼰ԭ۷ָ˶Էһѵĸл
Ŵһںͬٸĵ˼ңһ˶˼ܽἸԵǺõģ˵׼óˡ

˵ڶһ磬һСӺδɽһҳȥȥˡ
δɽ󷼺һš
ûйǣǸģɩӣҸɶӺ͸ɹŮȥȥˣȥʹȻ󣬿Կú԰ȥԷ
Сɴ۾Ǵ尡ôǸɵˣ
Ժδɽ磬ĺӾ͸ҵĺһ磬ǰ˵õģҪɵġ
δɽû취ֻܵУȻͷӸ裡
ѿ죬ͦáҿġ
ӿʹҸطͣóʹǰߡ

ſʹңңŹǽʱӾͷۡľ̾ԽֺǺǵġ
³ʱһڲϣСվڹʹǰһģҪǮƵġ
ӣúδɽһվգָδɽա

˹ʹֹú԰ʱൽ磬ŴͶõľ¥
ξ¥֮Уעǲô˳ġ




67.  67   67 

뿪ú԰, ֱӰѳӿ԰
ڱ԰һŷͷĭձһ
ںδɽξǰ, δɽ׬ǮԺܻʱʱŷһ٣дδɽ, ǿ϶ǰԵĲ͹Էˡ
ԭʱʱ, Ҳֻĸ׻, ⹫˸ɻʱ, ŵԷ, ȵ˺, û¹ӵĻᡣ
ǣƷһ±ʳƷܹлѧһ±˵ĳҲǺõġ
ŷĵĲ, ֮λõġ
⻹ǵһִ¥Է, Ƚ, ̲ס
ڳԺȷǳ, ǵݸ󷼷, ȴ, Ե, ѵӽӹȥԺ, 㿪ʼ, һƲˣܿ죬ĺƷˡ
ӶϲƷ, ҵİʦһǧ֣һҧȥ΢΢͵ζڳζۼζײһм仹бˬζֻҧһڣ̲ס¶ֵЦ
κ裬ó԰쳢
裬Ҹãΰһǧ֣͹󷼽ӹһӵͷһԣκóһǧֵݸδɽְֿԣϺóˡ
δɽԹȥԺ⺢룬һݸ
壬Ҳԡ
¶õЦݣȻͷҪҸɰˡ
ڣȻһŮ˳˹
Ů˴һ˫ɫĸ߸Ьɫ˿࣬һ°ɫ£޳ȳƵСȣ۴һɫӴ£ͷɸ۷̾бƫ֣ͷŮ޵ĺ촽űһĵ̬
Ů˺ܾϲһ³źδɽ߹ľϲεεģ磬𣿡
δɽתͷһ¿Ůˣüͷɳ
󷼿ȥͼŮ߹Ůȫ̰Աߵ޶ãһ˫ֱĶźδɽ磬Ȼˣôؼȥֺ趼ر㣬ر۰֣һֱ߶ؼҡ
ڿǰŮ˿ԺһУЦĵӴҵ˭ⲻ׺÷׺÷Ҹһ£ҴɽӺӣ÷㿴ɩǲǳƯʣٿǴɽӣӴιӻ˫أ֣÷㿴ҴɽȢɩԺǲϵЦݾûٹ
ŵľ֮У׺÷Ůڳ󷼵˿˹
ȿԺ׺÷ϣЦһһ۾ĺκͺΰһʱ񿴼ʲôֵĶ۾һµԲˡ
СӢ⡭ǡСӢܵʲôţòˡ
ҪľЧһʱֺǺǵЦ÷裬۴ɽ磬źȿͷɶˣԺˡ
׺÷⻰ԽĲ԰ˣûпʼǸһĲˡ
תһ£ĵɽ磬ôҲ֪ͨɩӰɣɩӵ·ÿң·̫Сˣ̫ˣƨɣ˵ƨ̫ͦˣײȥҲ̫ϲˣɩľͦãͦѡ·ģҲʡϡ
󷼵ĿһۣȻѧŮ˵ģεεĳһԵĺδɽȥɽ磬ϲ˼ٲϵģǻѲ϶İ
δɽüֱӰ󷼵ļ§סĵҵȻϲģȻȢ
󷼿һۣѵ˼̫ʡˣ 
δɽæҼҷһҲʡϣ
󷼱ŭĵӴɽ᲻ûǮ𣿡
δɽҹʲǶϽģƽʱȻôһǮǸǮҲã
⻰ˣʶ࣬Ȼ
Ȼ
Ȼ˼ҳͷ˵Żбһۣδɽһ棿һʱɵ񣬿Щˡ
ˣǻ׺÷һԣֻ˲ڡ
׺÷󷼼һһû뵽˼ҼҵһԣίúȦ
Ȼ׺÷ֻĸ״μҵŮĸ׿Ǹүһӵģ˭Ŭ׺÷ܲһС㰡
׺÷£һǺδɽбŮˣǣŮˣƯֱӼҵû˴
ԣԽߺ޵Ȧˡ
ǡ̫ˣôܵҲڣңҲ׺÷ҽкκ÷
Цһ㱻̵׵ˣ氡Ҳ֪δôģͲĸŮôģŮߣѺС̳ɸģϾδѾСˣ仹أһСģδ˵׼һ¾͸ƨˣʱܸļޣСҲնˣ
㡭ǡ磬Ҳܹ
δɽƽĵʲô˵ʵ
⻰׺÷һһ̣ʹӣģ΢΢ǰ㣬¶ѩ׵ĲͳģͬһëǰԽ崿ˣϧ
ӵĵɩӣҸôˣôõ?
󷼾Ӹ¿԰һӶɽϲģԶῴһŮˣ˵ôأ
⻰˵׺÷Щֲסˡ
ǵδɽһϱʱҲôǶǵĻͰǸŮһܵˣôŮ˲ᱻˣ˫
׺÷ĸˣϾûܹ͵
磬û뵽ҵĴڣɩôϲɩӣʵҡһֱŬùۣզ?
ʲôˣ빴
أ㡭̫ˣҡҡ㲻ӭң߾ǡ
󷼻˻֣û߰ɣ߲ͰǳԷˡ
ԭҪΪ׺÷Ŵ㵵ͣ˵
ȵȣ籾ģ
˵ʲôһ仰˵Լ˵Ҫ߰Ȼ˼Ҳˣ벻߶С
أ磬㿴۸ң
һסδɽĵҲһεεģֵúδɽļЩˣأɽ磬ϱϱˣأɽ磬۵ģҰ
׺÷һҲмܲסһתŤͷˡ
֣
С㶷
һԣŵøС̲סžžžơ
ɩӣߣߣ߰




68.  68   68 

, Ů˺Ǹ裬û۸Ҵɽ磬ȿҴɽϢ, ִչҪռˣô˵飿ҡ, Ҫ˵һЩʲô촽, ʲôû˵
δɽ, , , Է, Ҹһˣˣ͵ûôһ˴ڡ
ã
˿ʼϸϸƷζʳ
ò˵ҵʳȷζÿһʳﶼ˻ζ, , Ƶ
ͷĭձ, òŽи, ԹζҲ޷ǡ
󷼵İװҲһ, , ϸķʳ, ȻؼԺ, ҲúõһЩʳǳԡ
극Ժ, һϵʽ¾ſˡ
Ȼصͬ, óʳŴˡ
ͱʳζˣк˳ԣ˾Ϳʼ
Ž̲ס۾ζͷͱ̫óˣҪÿ춼ܳʳͺˣһӶԲ
⻰˵ĴﶼЦ
ʱ˵׼ʳ飬ҪδɽļѳԷҲúõ¶һֵĳա
ԴˣŴû
ǣ󷼺ŴɩԼڶһ磬ȥгȥ
ˣ󷼴һֻһֻѼһЩţ⣬һЩȡ
˵Ļһݹ˱Ѽӣ⣬ɺ㣬ǽ˼ϺʵȣһʮˣЩ˶ǹ͢ˣ󷼵⹫ѧóĲʽŴ翴˲˵Ҳһ˳
ǽĵʱԣһͰˡ
æ磬ԼԼϣϣδɽļСԺ
ú̿⣬Ŵһ˶˶飬רһдˡ
Ȳһ߿һ󷼴ɩӵȣҲһӰһ
һԣһӵķˣ˱ʶģʱ˲ˣΪ𾪣Щǹ͢ˣҶܵصڴ󷹵ԵĻóԣ˭³İ
δɽ΢΢𣬵ɩӺʹһ³ģĸĸңǹ͢˵Ĵˡ
Ӵиˣɩôãÿζ
˳ʳСƣڡ
Ŵڼ䲻˺ȾƣҲ߸ӵ˺ܺõӡ
ȳ극δɽڵҺͷͻȥˣһңԺǶչһ¡
һ£磬ģû⡣˶٣Ŵɩǲûóֺһ๤ŴɩԸȸ𣿿ȿȣǺ棬Ŵɩʲôس𣿡
Ŵһ֪࣬ʱҲͶһУҲûɶرس
ŴɩȺͨͨˣûʲôس
ֵƣǱһԱŴɩҪȥϰĻȥ˵˵
Ӵǿ̫лˣ
๤ǿ϶ȥֵһԱĹð
ͷ֪෵ǣֻҪйϵҵһݲĹŴɩΪһֱ˴ѹһֱûҵ
Ϊ󷼵˵ĹϵҲ仰飬ǰѹˡ
ϣŴ˵𣬲ⶼ鼤ѡ
̫ˣһݹˣôܱ±ˡ
ϣĵҹŻؼȥˡ
ǰһٶδɽһҵڶȥԷҪոɶŮ
Եڶһ磬һȥ͡
иԺľͰ˳Լһ˾סֻһķæ
ڳǰ󷼽̵ӣ˱˼ͣԿ֣ϲʲôԻؼҸ˵
ӹԹԵͷŸӴ£ȥ͡
󷼵˵ļ͵ˣķѷҲͰѷˡ
סĵطһĺԺȻʹܽԺﶼܿʹſڵĹ졣
Ժֲһôһ˵ԺܱС԰ӣǶ죬ʲôûУǵȵ˴죬ƻֲһЩ߲֮ࡣ
ԺӵĴ£һʯʯΣȰԺһϣϣԶʹĹ죬϶ա
󷼿ԺӣĽһ
ͨľ֪ںԺӿǼֵڰԼأԣԼ׼ԺӲУԼͺδɽϵʱסһԺӣӷֱӵһԺӣӵжӵԺӣסĵطӻõġ
ңʹסǴͶʵĽǶ˵ҲǷǳġ
󷼾͵Ժӿ治ﶼܿˡ
ĵɩӣӲɣļҾߣǿȫ̴ľҾߣԺҵģǺľҪСԺҿ϶ܱ
İֺͺδɽİ֣ǽԺ󣬾͸׷ɰһףͳ۷۵Ů˽ȥˣϼҸչ˵ԭ䣬ǿ˻顣
ӣ赱Ȼ𣬲˼Һҵĸĸ⹫ŸĸһʵĲƲָΪ̳ˣȥԺȻ
߽ݣ̴ľҾߣԽۺˡ
δɽЦһ£ϲ
ͷôõļҾߣҵȻϲˡ
⻰˵ɩӣͦã㶮УЩҾϾɣ֪ЩҾߵĺô
󷼾͵⸽ûԺУŶǮһ£̽һ£Ժ˾ǻھӡ
⻰˵æɩҪԺӣаȻͷҾͰȡҸһھӡ
󷼺Цͷȡǹʱ̽ã󣬵ʱǾҪؽȥˡ
Уҿ϶ɩӴ̽á
ҪŮ˼úõһԷһͳ඼ˡ
ˣŮһˣȻ󷼵ˡ
˲Ǳˣʤ
ʤҲͦģЦŵͷǴкˡ
ںĳŮ˵ĿӴԺ󷼸оЩ֪ǲǴоǸŮڿԼʱĿ쬵ģԼž޴ĵ⣬ǵԼȥʱŮµƿĿ⡣
һԽܣע⵽Ů˵֡Ųʷ
ûмǴǵԼǸ񶾺ٻٻŮ־ͽŲʷ
󷼽ʮ꣬µĴŮʹӣһ˫̥ŮŽһ󣬺ﻳϵڶ̥Ҳһ˫ӣ˫ӣŮֱͯŲʷ
ŮǺµŮǾ˵ùȥˡ
ңŲʷа鲻Ǳˣʤ
󷼵û뵽ôԶˣ֪ʲôʱѡ
Ȼ꣬ʼĽŮʽˡ
һ˵˾ǣţ¹˲ˮеݸӡ
ӴҲжŮˡ
δɽһεЦ
ӰݹнӹһЩллɰٰ֡еݸ
һԣǰŮҲֱиӡ
⵱ȻǳӣʽŪô㣬϶ҲΪ˸̧ӣʾġ
һӵУַһΪ׼ķ
СӻŽӹ棬һӣСɺ֮ҡ
ȷźö䣬Ѿʼһ˵˵ЦЦˣһԵòѲ׼͵ģʽڷŸʳȡá
վȥòȡʳһԣŲʷﳯ˹ȿ󷼣ĵ󷼽㣬Ųʷ
󷼿ţ
Ұֲˣ󷼽㣬ҰҽԺסţ۰ϵˣô꣬һϢ۰۰ֱѹһǵҽԺ۰ְ
󷼵鷳ãҪˣ
ŲʷɫýӲһ¡
󷼽㣬ҪôĲ۰ˣͲһ˼Ҫ˵۰־˼üˣģǼˣ۰ָ㡭ôôТ˳ǰְ
˵Ųʷ￴ɫԽѹˣʮƵġ
󷼿һТ˳Ůģ̵ĵ󷼣һϵĸ׽㸸˭ʶλвĻȥԺҸǰʲôТһףνĸףĸףǸ˺Сĸһ𣬶ҵɱĸˣһңҶˣԣ֮ŮԶһ㣬ϾҲ֪ҿһ۵ͻ뵽³ԹĿͷڳԺúȺõʱ򣬶·紵ɹĸ׺ĸףǣéķ㻹Ҫˣҿ϶ȥģῴһˣҿ϶򴮱ڣúõףףףȥ
⻰˵ŲʷɫԽĲ԰ˣŲʷۿתݵҡҡ׹һܵʱҪڵϵģŲʷĿʧĵ㣬ҡû뵽ô񶾣һҪô񶾣Ķ֪֪ǺҰ֣ǡҰֺ氮ӵеģǰ飬Ұֺûи飬ΪһǺͶ԰Ķｻʲô𣿡
⻰ǸˣǰС׻ű˵˺ţСӱ˴ߵĲƸھҵԿ˵һе㣡
žҲ̲סӶƣһƾ͸Ųʷ˹ȥ
һ̣Ųʷһ˵ϡ
һԣԭ˵ǣһ³˿˹
ڵϵŲʷʤɫһ䡣
ʤߣԭЯŮˣһ³ϧĿŲʷզˣǲǰŮ۸㣿תͷݺݵĶ󷼵Ҳ˭˭ѣȻ۸˷Ҳлû꣡ôõŮô۸Ůˣôô񶾣иʲôҾԲŹ㣡
ʤüֵܣҲֻһᡣ
ղܵĿһۣһֱãС󣬷һֱ϶᲻òôÿɰķôд϶Ů۸ҵķ
⻰ЦһҪ˵ʱ򣬺δɽ粽߹лҼҷ۸ŽΣģ
˵Żһ°§ڻ
лδɽƬ̣۾һµɴˡ
֮ǰδɽһڴƷ裬ûӭĲл˲ûпδɽʱ˺δɽĶлɫˡ
δɽŮʲôˣҷȰţһŮ˸㣬ΪŮ˿ɲֵ
δɽ⻰ԽˣûǴŽӦйδްɣôһһⲻ֪ģΪлԼδ˱ͷ
˵⻰ҲȥлɫֵУҽһ£λŮʿ󷼣Һδɽӣκ˺ȥǺҺδɽȥ˺ҵˣܸʲôҶ
˵⻰Ŀ˲лŽһۡ
Žﱻ񿴵ôһæ¶ģϧĵԭˣʵʵҺʹ׽ãǰְˣҽԺסԺԴҲְּһţҰְˣ֪ϢȥҰְֵġ㻹ң̧ͷһ踺صģ㣬ҪҾʹҺˣְֵˣҡҸˣˣȥְְɣ
˵Żĸ󷼹ˡ
һѵľأȥȥᱻۡ
ȥɣһ֪ʲô·ҪģԼĵˣϾһҵΪǸ˶޷κεϵ
ȥɣŲʷﶼ¹ˣҪٲʲôʾԽᱻۣ̫ˣ׵ȥ
󷼣ڿŲʷ֮ɫһԺ֪ǰһжŲʷƺõġ
ϧ˲֪ࡣ
һԣлɫ˼㣬ҰŮ˻𣿷ίˣ¹վֵá
Ųʷֻģڼһί;ǿģһ踺أС÷ľʡ
߹һĹâŲʷҪȥǸС蹴һδУЯĶʦӺ𣿡
⻰ϢôˣŲʷﲻæɫеĵ㣬㲻˵ְְ֣ôõˣ㲻˵ء
󷼼һЦһ̣žžžžþɲǶ¹ŲʷһӶƣֻŲʷһȫ״ľͷ
ȴˣ˲ӣһ¾ͳһԵķܽȥ顱һ£ѷֱӷˡ
Ųʷع񶼱Ťˡ
һֱ˵ڴ裬̧ͷ
ءܶ磬ءһץסлĿӣ״ͷֱ˵Ŀϡ
лŭĵδɽ㿴ķӣ㿴㿴ôõķôң
δɽҪ˵ʱһ߹ղܵģǸʲôϽӹȥʲô⣬ûûƤ͸ӵĵԶأҼҴɩǵӣԺ󿴼㣬ȻҲһᣡ
ǳ˵־Ͷ֣лһ˲ñģҴҵİŲʷţһ̵ܳҡ
ڲлŮ飬򱻲лԭأ˿˼ŮκθܣҲûע⵽Ů飬Ťˡ




69.  69    69 

, ʵЩŵġ
һʱˬԺȴЩ, Ҳ֪᲻δɽ鷳Ҳ֪δɽ̬Σδɽ᲻˼鷳
ǵģʱ, һ¡
ԭĴԪ, ĳ󳧵ĳŵ, ں, Ԫº, ͨʲ, û˺ܶǮΪ̣żȻһСǮȥ, ͱΪҵҡ
ĴŮ, ޸һ곤ʮϱ, ȻԷ곤ô, ʵȨ, ˷ֹܾõĸг, ҲΪ, ٻٻĸ׼ʹ˻, ٻٻԾûб, ⸸ΪʱŪĽʹĹŶ鱦ȡ
ڸĸ￪ԺٻٻԼµŮ, Щ鱦·һ˶ǮȨƵҸӡ
Ա֮£Щǰ޵Ķӣһʬ˵˲ŹѪ͵³

ʱ󷼵ĵľг顣
гʵȨг˵δɽǸųǶӦطϣҲǸķݣҲ͵ƫԶطȥسˣ˼ַֹʵȨĸгûñȵġ
ʹǣԾɺڡ
û
ٻٻµŮһǸӣŲʷһٵ浱ӲУ
һҲţǸµŲʷ߿ԺδɽԼӦôӦδɽ
֮ӹȥ󷼶ô˦δɽˡ
ֻˡ
Уɶһˡ
󷼺˼ʱ򣬺ȻŴ
˭
δɽң
עδɽʲô
˵û
ţ
ҧҧ촽ûκεĶ
κͺΰԴһ˽
κǲǵ۰
ΰͷҿ񣬿϶أȻզҿţ
ӵĻȻҲ˺δɽĶδɽ⻰ǲ¶˳ˣСޣȥŶʮ꣬ҲŶʮ꣬һûʮأʵһСŮӡ
˲٣ţҿ϶㣡Ҫˣǿ϶Ҳˡ
󷼸⻰˵ķΣ֪ӵĶԻأŴˣݺݵĵδɽ˵ʲôôң
δɽŴˣ˿ĸˣոûŵɣִûҪҪҸ㴵
һ£һЦ㵱Сһ£δɽҰˣԼŰ죬˵ŲʷĴŽ޸г˼ҿʵȨģ᲻鷳
δɽԭǵһѱסİɣ켴ʹҵš
ԺǼˣһôˣ
Уʹֻǲܴɣ
ɽ磬ã
δɽһɽ硱еļһ£ʤδɽ§ڻ˵󷼵ı
Ϲʱ򣬿һĻЦӴ磬ɩӣֵǲòʱ򰡣
δɽСһۣ֪ʱ򻹹
æϣ磬ɩӣǼֵǹš
ӣˣ
󷼺ΣѺδɽƿһɫĶ˵ӣ£᲻鷳𣿡
ûԽĸˣɩӣʲô°û£ûµģ´ǣɩ㻹ֵҲŵģ˵ɩӿľģû뵽ôĸɩӣЩƿɴúãɸˡ
⻰Ҳһ¶ЦݣӣɩӲ㣬´Ǽˣһǵġ
û¡ɩƢͺθڡ
ҲͿ²ʷˣ浱үǶɵأⶼδˣһүҪһ£ΪԼǸأҲͲֵܼܣɵƵģˣת
ѶбȽ۵ģ֪ԭίԺ󣬶˵󷼴úã˵ŻֺǺǵģΧˡ
ûֵܼܲŲʷģ⼸˲û뵽ôһ
ںΧˣӾƣڵû㲻
߿ˣһĿס죬󷼾ܾˡ
󷼷˴͵ǻؼȥˡ
ȻصԺʱ󷼷ӣһӷֱһ̵ͨ壬ΰǹ࣬κǷ࣬һͳɫãǸö
æ
͵УһȦһһӵǹޣЩǹޣӿɸֻˡ
ʣµƷһһ㣬·ЬӰе֮ģͦĵģӶõš
ڰھƺĵڶ죬һ˺úڼϢһ죬Ҳ׼顣

޷Ǿ׼ٲˣҪȥݷʲô֮࣬üûʲôģʹЩѣΪĸ׵ȥҲû˺·ˡ
Ȼҹʲôˡ
ü˶ˣĿȾ֮£ն
ԣҹܿˣʮȫʮȻԼ˳ԷӦʽҪеġ
֮Ʒ򽻸Ŵȥȥˡ
ԽԽҲٴ
͸˵ĵ磬ɩӣҸҵһլӣҪȥ𣿡
⻰һ󷼵ľһ񣬵ҪȻҪȥ
УھȥҪе㼱ҵȱһǮżá
⣿
ǡ˴ȥϷһƸˡ
⻰룬Ҳ֪˷ӣԺ᲻ڣϾ˶ǮĻֻºܶԺ󣬻ء
ܿ죬󷼺ͺδɽһܵķӴ
Ƿӻķر߲һ͵

Ҳ͸һսǵӶѣӣھˡ
ȥԺ󣬷Ӻܿˣء
ˣк߽ȥ
߽ȥԺԺҲͿһˡ
ԺʰòʯȥԺһůʯСůʯСһˮСţһһˮأѩʲô羰ǿʱӵĺɻжô
һԣһͤͤϴһѼӣֲһȡ
Ƚݣ޵ҲǼģؼǣӱֵ÷ǳĺţҪס
󷼵ӶǮ
ֱӵһֶ٣Ҫܳɣܾһϰ࣬ǻܸǰɽ
󷼺ͶԷ̸һ£Էͬ⽵ۣһҧֱͬɽˡ
һԣЩȣû뵽ֱˡ
۸Щƫˡ




70.  70   70 

Ҽȥ, ¶ϲЦ
˫Լãڶȥס
ߺ, ɩӣȻãҲһⰡ, ǾеˣһԺ, һԪ
󷼵, Ժӿ, Ȼ, պǮ, ǿ϶
̲סͬĵɩ۹⣬
ֶķӣǿ, һַӵ, 붼۳ȥ
˼ʽת, Űѷˡ
Ժ, , лһ, , з, Ҳ֪ͨ
һĵ, ɩӣ㻹Ҫ𣿡
󷼵, ôҲ׼׷Ӷƽ
ҰɩӼš
ȻôôǮ򷿣ҲûϸʣδɽĹʣȷķ
˷ãٳʱĲԼزڻȥ·ϣ͸δɽɽ磬ЩزѶһЩ𣿡
ð
󷼿ʼԼĶԺΪЩ˿µطĶⶪͰദԺ󣬷ֺδɽ˶ͦõģЩţɰĭֹɣѬ֮࣬㶼һݹȥ
磬ȥȡ˼ĳʳȸ˷ֱһݡ
󷼵ǮеģڰѶ͹ȥԺ˳Ȱ򷿵ԪǮȡ˳
ȡǮʱ򣬺δɽǮҰѴ۸㣡
˵ŻѴ۸󷼡
󷼽ӹȥԺ󣬷Ĳ죬ǴϣȻԪǮ
⣬⣬Ǯ
󷼺棬δɽһʮԪһ£ҪԪס
δɽĽһһġ
󷼵ң
ţھ÷ٸģڼȻҪ򷿣ǮͶ㣬㿴ŰžС
󷼱ȥȥˡ
㣡
Ժδɽ̬ȣ󷼵ﻹǸжģӦǺδɽȫˣȫҲ
żȻлᣬǮȥͶʷõӪ
ڶһ磬󷼾͸źδɽˡ
󷼰Ǯдվݣӡȥֹܾ
ú˳ʱǣ˶ŵλַأûʲô򷿡
ԻûŶӣ˾˳Ĺ˻
õ֤
ҲͦǮȥˣ
ȰĻû׬Ǯʱ򣬻򲻵
˫ܸˣ̵ĸˡ
ǰԼҲռ˼ҵı˰ٹʮ꣬ӵļ۸ˣԣѶһݸɽţ⣬ⶡѬȵȣ͸ǰһݡ
ǰȣȺ󷼲߼˷ӣԼоر𲻺˼պһ鲼ӣ˳󷼣ӣҲһˣҵƢЩ͸㣬
ɶòŰ
ʲôֵǮ⣬ҴûʣµģţǾ͵ѡ
˵ˣֻˡ
ǣȺ͸Ѭȣ⼦ʳ궼ֱӾˡ
ҪԪȥȥ
ԪǮͨȥԺ󣬴һѵĵӱ·ȻؾۣʱǮǮܴܿ׬һʡ
Ⱥջǰԭ·ŵ£ΪܹܳһʱĿӣʲôֻǮƣĪִţʲôģû̫Ȥֻһ̤ʵĸо
ҲǰѷԵ֮һ
ȺԺɩӣӴǸɽţɣζǺó԰ɩӣҵӣһһӣʣµһֱӾ͸ˣɩӣﻹиɽţ𣿡
⻰¶ЦݣУУӣߣȻȥҸüޣͷҪԣֱҾС
ɩӣҿɲˡ
Ǹζ̲סһ£Ǹɽţĸסζ˴ˣϾʵ̫ζ˰
ȻصԺӣʣµ޸ɽţɣȫ⼸ӵţɣһֺǺǵĻؼȥˡ
ȻؼңɵðѸɽţɲغã˸˰
󷼻˷ӵ飬Ҳû˵ȻȥԺѴӴ򿪿˿һ¸סˡ
һӵƯëףһëġ
ϣëش¸ϲˣëɫëףüԵ˵޳ȡ
պļ£ɫɫ֮ġ
պԼĽúʹɩһһ
󷼵кСѡ·
󷼰Ǽɫëش´ˣҵĿⶼ˹
ÿСô·رԵʣŶ֮ǰһˡ
󷼵һ˫߸Ь
δɽ죬ȥһ˫Ƥѥ
̫䣬δɽ󷼰߸Ь
СЩɣˣǲҪˣã·㴩ɡ
㣬һҲϣ·رůͣ㣬㴩ɣǸŮˣǼҵ˿ɲ˿ᡣ
ô˵СͰ·˹ȥѡһɫġ
գŴɩѡһɫĴ£СѡһɫӴ¡
ﴩӴԺ󣬶̲סת˼Ȧ
·ÿʽӱ
룬Ⱥ˵Ҳ֪ۻڣߵ·Ȼӱˡ
ۣǿ쳱ĵط
·飬ҲлᣬҪȥŪһĻֻԼ벻ƶѰ
ԭǼ¼˵أ˿ŵǶɹ̵˵һͰΪķչʵҵ˻
һڸ߸˵·Ժ洫С
ԭ󷼵Ҳû⣬棬ȴȻţһŴ
ʤ£ӹ
żҴһüͷ
߳ӳԺȥԺ棬һͷһ˲Ů˵ǰ
󷼵˲Ŵ磬ʶ˳ȥһ̣ҲɹԺȺ
Ǹ˻ɻң󷼶ϵá
˲Ǳˣ󷼵׵űա
űһ壬ʹѾ䲻СˣԾֱŴ£˴żŵٿűŮˣһͷСͿʺɫĿں죬վںһ˫ϸĸ߸ЬһɫӴ£ߵ֪ʱֵ·ߡ
Ů˲Ǳˣ󷼵ĺٻٻ
ʱٻٻϸĵգǻСʹ£̾ǣɱ˰Ȼҵӿզ




71.  71   71 

˵, 󷼵ʲôûȴѾ󷼵˰һͷ£
Ȼ˵仰, Խķŭˡ
űտԶԼǰµĶŮɱƵģĵ, ȻǸŮĺӣһ㶼¡
, űտ󷼵˵ʱ, ҲԽˡ
, ǰ޺ǰ, ڰǰǰԺ, ͬǰµŮҲ˼¡
˵ĻҲ˼£Ŵ˵, ֱӵ, , ˭ʶ𣿡
Ŵ絭ĮĿ˲Զһ, , ʶ, ֪һȺ蹷, ˷Ѵҵʱ, , ߣȽݰɣ, ÷蹷洵ˡ
⻰˵űյԽˣűնݺݵĵӣǸңҿǵĸףȻؾˣȻˣϽӰꣿôһ㶼Т˳ǰǣڣҲݸ꣬ȺСʲôãǹȻǸ⣬Ǹ
˴ûжǾһΣʱһֱǵǱ磬޼ʱҲ˺һѣôһˣڰӹúһЩʱ򣬾ţáǷڣȥꣿȥТģ
ǻ֮˷Ц
Цһǣѵ⹫ѪͷССµһȺһ𣬳ģģ˵Щ˰ͷβһСѣĶ͵˼ҵŮ˼ҵľѧԺ󣬾Ͱ˼һ˺ûбǸĸ񶾵ˡ
㡭Ѿͷ˵ʲôűû뵽һ涼ֱӰǼҵ˵ȥˡ
Ҫ֪ٻٻһʱһֱԺһġ
Ժһģǿ϶Сˡ
һֱάֵ档
ٻٻŲԶھӶָָ㣬ߺ޵˼£ϵ伸һᣬĵո磬֪ǰŮϲңҶѾֺˣңأôôѰ
ٻٻȻһЩֶεģĲԲòھӶ˼֡
Ͼ˵ϸģһС׻ģŲҪ۸˵ӡ
ھӰĵʤ°պôǵ׵в׵ģǰɱˣˣٴ飬һˣú˵
⻰˵żõɫѿ
ٻٻϸĵգ󷼣ǲ۶ǵжٵԹޣҷͺˣأҵĴҾͲðǵΪ˰飬ǵһһжҵĴҪҪУǵˣǵǵǸˣǱ
ⷬĻűԽĸжˣűնݺݵĵٻٻʲôƣ⼸СӲТ˳ǵһǾǸǣʲôϵ
ٻٻո磬˵˵ˣ֪źǣѺǽӹȥһ꣬Ƕĵ죬ʤ£󷼣ñǰּƽϰͻһ㣬ʵ۲أһҪԭһˣǾԹҺˣҲãǶûҴˣأ
ǶǵĻԽΧĽַõʱ
󷼼С̲̬ⷬ¡
ۿбû˵ǿ϶ͼıġ
ŮƷǼˣǼ߽ƵģҲ֪ʲôĿġ
˼֮䣬ȻһתӴ翴̫߳˰ɣĿ࣬ĺĶҸɱɱĺȻҪùȥͣͲ֪һΣҪԩʲô
Χⷬ񣬾ЩѰζˣĶɱɱöôݶŮ˲鰡
ٻٻ⻰Ѫ󷼰֪㲻ϲңҲԩҰأûУҺͱոģ㲻ֹమ
Цһ֪Ҳϲ㣬ǣ㻹˭أߣΪͼıԾǣǲԭŪֵķӣҪ˻ظãرǲǿûбسˣǳǲǿˣŲӣӶòرĲģٲأһ˵ӣԽԽãԺüˣÿԽԽãǣӿ϶ԽԽԽҲԽĹȥġƶͷбҵһ죡
ĿףݺݶǰˣǺƵòú̲סʶһ
ϾµĲǿֱӵı
ǳ飬Ŀ˸ʶԴ
ٻٻɫҲЩѿֽ˽ȴû˺
ٻٻһߵŮӣЩ
һǰٻٻĶŮȻ˵һ¡
˵õһϵͳĶϵͳܣֻҪϵͳϵͳͻǽЩ鵤ҩǽ鱦ҲǸֵʥƷ
ٻٻŮⷬ϶ŵģΪԼŮµŮԺ˸ɵˡ
ܿ죬ٻٻϵͳĴڡ
ٻٻȻűСʮ꣬ǵڣҲʮˣ۽ҲˣƤͱɳˡ
ûһŮ˲˥ϡ
ٻٻϵͳóһٻٻٻٻԺ󣬾ȵķԼ۽ǵһ¾ͱûˡ
ഺòϣ˭أ
ٻٻˡ
ٻٻ֪Ůôһϵͳ;Ůһˢ
ȵĵһŮȥǼֻͣҪɹϵͳܸǽͬʱ󷼵˾ͻᱻϵͳӶᲿ֡
ЩӶˣɵҩ߽Ʊְ֮ģظ
ٻٻΪܹŪЩȻԼŮ󷼸ȥǼˡ
ſīôãȴŶûȥôһͨ

ʱﶼ˲ñˣĵ㣬һƬģһҺòǣ㵽Ǽͣ㣬˵ǶһĽãûиҹ𣬴һԺӹãģòã
⻰Щûˡ
ȻһŮһС׻󷼻治ϰߣͲ֪ˣڱʲô⣿
󷼲˵Խһģ㣬ϴεʱҲǲ֪ˣź˵ģ㣬㿴һӹ涼ʶⶼΰͽ򶼻صˣһҶʶһ£òãѾɷгһˣҾһԸɩʲôѣʱҲһ²ǣ
Ǵˡ
ϧ֪ŴɩĹͽˡ




72.  72   72 

Žɷ, ǸȨƵʩѹͬʱˡ
ϧͿ˲, ôϵ
˭һӵĹ⣿һСŮǸǰʲô, 㰲ʲôģǼҵ, ǵԸ, ȻҪһֱԺӸǰ, Ҳ, Ż, Żǲ䡣
˵껰ҲЩˣԺŶ, ֱк˽ȥ
תͷɲ, ʱĶ, Ȼһ
ھƫԭ, ϵͳ˼ӳ, ԰Ůһ, Ůȥй, ʧ, ͷƤ, ŮһСԺŮԴ, ǰСԺɹӶŮ˰ٷ֮ʮֽ򡣡
Ϣʱ򣬸оЩֵֹģŲȻͶסˡ
ȵȣģ
˵Ůͼ˭
ԴС˵ԺڵͶ˱仯
ԭŮĸ׶ȥˣԭǮĸƾӹʱӦðԭŮӻȥˣǣΪ󷼵Ĳ֣󷼰Զԭħ裬Ū˸λ̲СķٷȥķٷתͷҲ˽ĺӣٷҹȥǮһʱ͹˲ԼµŮˡ
һУҲƫأԼ˰ϵͳ١
˭Ҳ֪ôģΪʲôȻֵȴ̲סһ顣
ʲôŮȥʧܣ
ںһԼһҹȥͣ԰ŮԼ⼸֮УνӶϵͳ϶ڶԷ
󷼵ĿŽתһת漴Цһ룬쿴˭֪˭
˭ԼӵʱôһԼúأ
ö룬Ͳ²νŮֻ¾Լˡ
ϾԼıԭӦһֵܽǵ˵ġ
ԣӶϵͳӶԼ
Ӳɱ
һֱŬĻţʱ۵ֱǻǺŬĻš
ǣÿɫܻǰƻ
һΣ˻ʲôֻҪƻҸһҲĲˡ
뵽üᶨǸδ֪⣬Ҳûôˡ
ȻˣԼܹӶϵͳҲͦġ
ѵС˵ѵĺô
ߵҲˣϵͳ˵ԼֻҪǸνļʧܣô޷ӶԼˣԣϵͳ˵򷿵飬Լ϶ҪһνԺ
Ͳ֪ϵͳ˵ԼҪԺӣһף
ص£󷼸߽󷼵ڶȥ̽һ£µļŮ˭˶
ŴɩЩĵǡĺ𣿲˽Ŀ𣿵һд֣
⻰һһԵССɫѿ
С꣬뵽ԼúõݻٵһЩܵķ˵ĥôܹԭ£
һ¾
Ŵһ±ˣ˵ˡͺ˵ǼҺǼң죬ԺĻҪ˵ˡ
Ŵ󷼵ŴһԿ꣬ŮӣŴȻʧû˵ʲôĻ
󷼽õˣǲ˵ʲôˣ˵Ŵӡ
󷼵˽ûãԺʹһȺ˵ˡ
治ǸһˣȻıԼ˵ʱ򣬲Ż
һΧŻ¯Żһ˵ŻǹŮҲ֪ıʲôٴ
С϶ͼıģͲ֪һΣҪֵܽʲô˽ӽ裬裬⹫ٰѼҴ׶ߣ磬һˣҪСǼˣһСģͱǼ˸ˡ
żöϵͷΪȻǱǹŮѾܲˡ
ֻŴɩĿЩΪȻ
ŴɩŴżҵĳӣвӵģ
ڵ꣬ǨŭŴˡ
˵ףû£û˵ĸ˩סȻˣĻ϶˵ġ


Զǧ֮ĺμҴ
ԭСŮٻٻڴϵϵĸףĺҩ˹ϵĸ׵ְ֣ĸðԽԽˣúҩˡ
ڴϿԵɫɫòǰТӣ̱ԺֵżȻæˣģֵҲòͷ
ȿãô˳һԵŮ˿ҩĿ÷ĸӣ裬ô˻
ٻٻ׵ССĺͯϣȴûʲô飬Ȼ֣軳ˣ֪ɣѾˣȹ꣬Ϳˡ
ʲôɫ˲Ť
Դ̱ڴϣ£ôܻУ
Ǹˡ˭
ǽ尡ǽеĳǮƣߴӢ軳ŵܼܵ޸ְֲˣǲҲͱ˳ŮˣǲǾͲ¸һ̱ӳԿˣ
ԼΨһŮĻģúʹࡣ
ְ֣ҰҩڴߣԼȰɣȥ󲮼￴
˵껰Ҳڴϵϸףһ̾ܵˡ
˫ֲŹһҩ
ҩոտˣŮ浹˼ũҩ
ٽϸոյһһĻȥ뷨ûˡ
Ĵ˵Ǯˣ󣬻￴ϣǣȴûлȥϣˡ
ʲôأӻű˵ĺӣΨһŮͲܼȥֵܽá
գһ붾ҩȥ
һ㣬δͺٻٻʱ򣬺Ѿˡ
δĵʹٽصʱȴ֧ɥ
ٻٻļ˼ֻź룬͸ǮţԼ
һΣעʧˡ
ֱ꣬ǮҲû
ûš
μȥǮˣǮҲֱӾܾˣֻúμ˰ߡ
գμһҲѣֻܰѺٻٻ͸һ˼ţȻǺˡ
ԭŮҲΪⷬʱȺ飬ȫƫ롣


ǡ
ڶһ磬ͷԼϳĶӣЩӻŧˣܣؼǣֱӱһ˹֡
ԭ죬ͨŽɷ˸׶ģΪһٵˣֻܰʲôƵˡ
һͰȥѯżҽ˭ȥˡ
Ϣͨܿ͸𰸣ﳤһĶ




73.  73 СԺ   73 СԺ

һԺԺ, ʵûԼܺ˵ôһԺӡ
»ûƷûôķӳۡ
ڶ죬ڸ󷼴ﳤϢͬʱ, ҲһϢһǱߵõһϢһԺҪ, һƫԶǼ۸Ҳ, ֻҪһԪǮ, ǸѯԺӡ
ڵõǸӶϵͳϢʱ, Ǻġ
ϾһԺӴ
û뵽ô, ͸Ϣ
Ϊ˲Ӷ, ǿ϶Ҫµġ
ȴЩĿǣס, Ӱ, ҰǮ, ȥ򡣡
һ, , С
ڶԺδɽ, ԥ, ҲӦ󷼵Ҫ
ֱһԪ, , ǸԺεĲǵöһҪкҪô, Ժӡ
С
ûκεԥֱǮˡ
ˣױ磬̵ʰ˴Ҳûţʰò࣬ɷӵߣһҹȥ
裬ȥﰡ
һ˵ȥ棬ﶼ˷ܲѡ
󷼵ȥú԰
ðð
һĿԺ׼ȥ
أʵǼ٣ҪģǶ档
ϾԼҪԺӣǿ϶Լ˵㡣
иڣϵͳֻȥԼϵԺߣԼȥǸԺӣôֻԺӵϢûС
ֻҪԼˣԼ϶ٴƻı㣬ʱֻҪ뵽ܵͷ󷼵
߳ȥԺǸо˸ٵģδɽһ£ɽ磬㿴û˸ǡ
δɽĿһۣҪ˵飬ҷ˸ǡ
󷼳һ£ǰԼӵϵͳϢ˺δɽĩˣΪ˲ǸϵͳȥֻþӰæȥ͵͵Ժˡ
δɽϢ̼Щ𾪣侲󷼽§ڻģҿ϶չ˺ġ
󷼵ɽ磬ҪǸһѵԣһһЩ·ɣǺҵĸţͷȴһա
С
һЦʼй֮á
һǸ󷼷޵ˣȻ󷼷ˣһ졣
Էܶȣһ㹺ӵ;ûС
ʱĶߣȻһе
ԺʧܣͷƤ¡
⻰һ±üʲôҵƤҪ£ƽܲƽ
ƽҪʲôĹƽ
󷼶ûţҶûǸСԺӵϢô㹫ƽ
ǸŮѾɹ˷ӣ˰֤ˡ
⻰һĵˣƭңҸһ죬ԭƭҵģǿ϶ȥ˷ӣֵ̫ˣ̫ˣǾˣ档
شģϵͳĳĬ
ϵͳʲôҲҪɳ˹֣أ񡣡
ԭŮɷ򣬻˺ŮߵˣֻҪܹģ˺̶ȣԻһߣֵʹ̶йء
ԭͨߵ˺
۾һУ˲뵽һ 
Ȼȥٻٻȥˡ
裬Ҽǵʤµϱһѵֵܽã
ٻٻǡȢ˸ҪŮ仧ϱ
Ž۾һ裬и⡣
˵Żٻٻ˵ٻٻԺ󣬽ģϾ¶˲õЦ
ǵ磬Ŵɩͽӵҵĵ绰
Ͻӻؼ財ˣؼТ绰ģŴɩ׵ͷ
ŴɩֵܽһȺڳǱԵӹ࣬˸ѼŮȻֻԼһܸԼ׬ǮȡС
ŴɩԱӵ绰ŵŵ䣬㱻ĸĸ´ȥˡ
ȻȥԺŴɩĸĸǴɩһݹ
ŴɩŵĴ֣裬ûǮ
һֱûʽû׬ʲôǮ޷ҡ
ȻҪҵġ
Ŵɩֽϼĸ˳ͷ꣬ÿұҪһ磬Ͱϼȥ
Ŵɩ˵ûǮͷһָ㣬ֻڣΪֵܵǰֻ̣Ҫһ¾С
֣ɶ£
ͷ㹫źϲϱⲻˣȥżúðæȥſ˵ˣԺֻҪɵúãŮæܽ޷֯ǿǼǧ˵Ĵ󳧣ֻҪˣܾиˣԺӣɾͲˡ
Ŵɩ⻰һ¾ȵĵɴ۾
ɶ?ȥżȥæǡǺֲӦģǵɱĸˡ
ͷ⻰ݺݵĵҲȥҪȥۼҾûŮˡ
˵ŻͻӶƣŴɩϴһơ
һƣĸҲŮ˺ü£ֱ۵Ŵɩ໲ҽС
ĸ֪ôТ˳ҾͰˣ㶪ɽιҲãТ˳⡣
㣬ôô˽㲻Լ˺ӣͲܼ˰˵ҲҪʲôֻҪȥžˡֲɶ캦
һȺ˴Ŵɩ˵һȦŴɩڱ˵ԥˡ
ŴɩţֻȥôһأӦûɶ°ɣ
뷨ұߴ٣գŴɩֱӱ͵ٻٻ
ٻٻסһͲ¥ķӣڷûлȥǰǸԺȻסţ߸ı䣬ԺӻŴ磬ȻģûеطסˣֻܰҵͲ¥ˡ
ŴɩˣٻٻӸ¿һۣĵЦһ¡
Ӵˣ
ͷĵŷˣҼѾͷȥԺ󣬼ǵʹ͵ѾʹУ⺢ӴСǸɴʹƵģ¼ɱ
ٻٻЦݣԽļˡ
ȻǾ͸߰ɣպҼﵹȱһķ
ٻٻ׷ӣһһѵõĴӡ
ٻٻպò࣬Ȼţ϶õһѵıķġ
һ뵽ʹʮˣŴϱˣԽЦõˡ
ͷֱӰŴɩصʼŴɩëذ壬óһѵڿ͸·ֱӶŴɩŴɩɻ
£ѩŴɩϴ·ʱֶ÷
ѻ꣬ȴõٻٻһáѡ
ٻٻ仧ҵķӸռȴ˻ǿǲҪŰɣⱨӦġ
Ŵɩһ£ʱʱļá䣬ŴɩһòҰ
ǣΪܵܵĹֻҧš




74.  74   74 

󷼴˶һȦ, ڶ죬ͲȨֱ֤Ӿʹźδɽ, һȥһԺˡ
ԺӱȽƫһˣʱûǵԺ󿪷, ǼֵǷ˲֪ٷġ
һƵĳӣųӴһȥԺӵĻ, ⵹ʡ󷼵ˡ
ӿ˿ʮ, Ŀĵء
Щ벻ͨΪʲôҪһԺ, , ɩ, ҪϲԺӵĻ´ΣҰúţԺ, ȿ, ʵЩƫƧˡ
Ѿٽ, ۿȥ, Զǰããƽ̹ѩ, ΧһЩ޽ķ, µԺСϵ, Ĵ˼ˡ
Ժﻹһڶľ, Լˮû⡣
, Ҳһôˣڽ⣬һ, ֱӴũ˵ˡ
ԺӷΪ᷿䣬Ҳ䣬һСԺԺȥǱ˼ҵˮ
Щˣɩӣȴ⡣
Ǻˮ˲ԸֲˣҿԳа
ֻҪаʮ֮ģ˿ʱ򣬾ܵõһʵĲ
ɩӣѵҪаֵأ
󷼵Ӧ֪˵ĳӣܹаһЩأʱһЩû£˵ȥԼĳŷģһЩǺõġ
⻰˵۾һ͵ıƿװһЩ˸ɡ
Ȼһʳǳڶţɵ⣬ҲһЩ˸ɡ
˸ƷԺһҲˡ
ȥӦʱÿ춼Ե壬ؼҰһ˸ɳԣζζˡ
ɩӣҰţʱҲһЩԼֲɩӵʱҲһЩ˸֮ģѿ϶ٲɩӵġ
ӿɶԼˣ˳ֵ£⵽أ˵¡
ԺӣҲģĳһЩӣΪ˺ܹܵõĽԴǿ϶סġ
ȵʱôһԺӵĻǿԴźŪһЩԺȵʳҲܳȼˡ
ȿԺӣйһôһй䣬Ȼڸϼ
Ҫģû߼ˣϣȻũǣ
ڸʽȱ࣬ǳĽȱ
۾һ
ںͺδɽԿһԺ󣬷߹ȥѯʵôģ
˵ʮһֻ
ԹԣʮһֻҪʮԪһֻˡ
󷼻û˵ʲôһֻȫҪˡ
⻰һ֣ˬĵ!һֻɽ򣬿ˣҪҰɱǰϵϡ
ֳɱٰҰᵽϡ
ÿԽҰռ󣬲ȻҲװֻɽ
󷼳ʹɫߵһߣ󷼵ɽʮһֻǲǹһ㣿
ҡͷɩӣٽأɽǼأҶǳǮûӴι׬ˣɩӣȻͷԺ׼ȫɩӺҵĸɶӸɹŮһҪһ֡
ЦҲСһ£ˣһһֻɩӰҴһֻȥꡣ
գ
ٶȺܿ죬һɻܿͰֻɱãװá
󷼷޴źһй䣬Źţ֮ϲһͷţ
һͷţɱϻţŴﶼԸɽţɣһţ⡣
һԣװ߹ʣµţҲˡ
ض顣
Ȱ󷼵͵ŴųˣŴ˳һȺ˻ϲϲ̧ţؼңпڸˡ
ϾҪˣ˵ڶ죬ŴȥŴɩҽŴɩؼꡣ
ŴɩңûнӵŴɩһٵ䡣
ŴɫЩѿŴɩĸáԷڸŴɩ䣬Ŵɩȥ˸ɻҹȥˡ
⻰Ŵɫѿ˼¡
ŴҲһĺǿˣʹҪˣԼȥҪҲʳͣһ·ﻮޣȻͷȴ֪ԼϱȥķҹȥˣŴôܽܵˣ
Ŵɩ˲ôεģԣһ͵͵ȥ˺ҵ¥͵͵ȥˡ
Ŵɩ¥ʱŴһ¿ɫ㲵Ŵɩľͷŭһ³ȥŴɩϼ㡭ôǼķˣôһ˵𣿡
ŴɩڿŴɲǣֳ˾š
ʤ£һˣҡ㾡Тģ
⻰ŴЩѪ
ŴݺݵĵߣһؼңһҲǼ˸ǰͣˡ
Ŵɩ⻰ȴЩˣϾ˵ˣæɻ󣬺͸ҵܵܰһݹ룬ֻҪɵѣҲûʱˡ
ʤ£ҡȲȥˣԼɣڹżɻҡͻȥ
˵껰һ̾ˡ
Ŵɫ࣬һʧĳСȥ
ߵ·ϣպ
￴ŴһЦʤ£㲻˵һӲǼϱȴҪҰɻأҰôϣߣ㿴һˣɻ湻ͼġ

Ŵ⻰ɫԽѿˡ
϶ǱˣȻǼ
ЦһҪţԼ¥ϱôȥġ
ôģ
˵Żһתͷż¥ȥ
һ£ʹȥ
ո¥¥ݿڣ¥á
ӹҼȥ㻹˵û͵ԣôҼҵһ飿ѵҼҵĹ͵˲ɣ
ŴɩίŴ
ţûУû͵⣡
ŽһԵķ߳裬ҵĽˣۼǰûж϶Ů͵ˣ裬Ҿ˵˵ֽŲɾͼıķĹҲ϶ɲã裬Ͳɻġ
ٻٻǽģֵƣ͵ˣʹһӵݣҲ˽϶ȥΣ
ŴɩʱżˣûУûа
ķ䲻֪𣿡
˵ʱ򣬼ģͰŴɩˡ
ʤ½ӵʱŲʷŴɩסķó˽
裬·ҵ˴Ľ滹д֡
һȺ˲һˣʹһ׾ӵ·ǣ϶˰Ŵɩ˵ġ
ʱʤ£û뵽ϱǸС͵
裬죬ǰС͵ȥȥ͵˼ҵĽ治Ǹ⡣




75.  75   75 

ŴһӾŴɩһŤ, ҪͣҲżˣæ, ͵ǲҪԩ
߾ôԩˣ
˵껰, Щ˲ŴһԣŴɩȥ
ʱ, ͵Ǻص, ɺٻٻָŴɩ, ļŮΪ֤, ŴɩҪʵ͵, »֮֡
Ŵٻٻ˱粵ʱ洫һ쾹ֱ˹ˡ
ѯ˼䣬˵ʲô, ֱӾͰŴɩ, ֱӴ¥´ȥ
Ŵɩһľ, صĿ, , , û͵, û͵, ء, 
Ŵͬ־ϱǼ﹤, ֤ҲǼҵˣǼҪԩҵϱ⻹Ƿַӵ飿ϱǱԩġ
ǲǱԩģȵ˾־֪ˡ
˵ŻֱӰ˴ˡ
Ŵ翴Ŵɩߣѹˡ
ΪԼ˼ӵӰٶ಻õĵطǱϾԼѹ
һʱŴ̲סֱ
ŴɩЪ˹ĵʤ£Ǳԩģأû͵ʤ£ңȾң
ŴɩԶˡ
Ŵ֣ճȭͷ˫ĿѪĿԼļŮһֱǾûͣ¹ȺõʱһΣǵҪô
ٻٻӸ¿µĳӣһЦôҪȳþԺȻ͵Ρ
Ŵ⻰ҡҡ׹Ϊһ׷ӣǾҪԩϱ
ԩǿ߾ĵ͵С͵һ㶼֣
ٻٻ˵񶾵Ļ񶾵飬µĶӣ˸ס
ŴŲĵ˳ȥ˻л㱵ģǵԼô߻ȥġ
ȻصԺӣ󷼵ͿɫĲԾ
æӭȥ磬ôˣɫôÿдɩأ㲻ȥӴɩȥ𣿡
ŴɫزˣɩزˣȥķǾٱ͵Ѿˡ
󷼵ܣɩˡ
ŴǵȻ֪ˣֻǵڣǲ˶ҪˣǵĿģúϼ͵֣ȥȥ
ɩôôͿôȥǵĳ˼ķ
Ŵ૵ĸȵİɣֻǣ͹ȥˣġĺʹ
һԣŴɩĴŽŭĵ֣Ǽİȥȥ𣿡
ǰ衭豻ͽȥˡ
ŽɫɲǱòҰס
ĸаף뵱·Ӿͱˣ˹ء
δ룬Ҳٵˡ
費С͵϶顣
Ŵɩ϶飬ǣԷȻȦףǿ϶˺֣ġ󷼶һ£ˣ磬û˵Ҫʲô
Ŵһ£˵Ժȥ
⻰Цһ磬ǧźĻһԺӸ϶ῪҪĶһԺӣԽʵ¡
ǣϼѾˡ
δɽʱҲ𼱣ҳȥ绰ȥǿ϶ҲҪʱġ
ŴҲˣĿĿδɽ÷ȥˣæ̽һ¡
δɽͷ߳ȥˡ
δɽһߣüСʱû
ȴ˯
ȰѼСĺӺ˯ˣŴĴļȴô˯ֻһһš
ȵ˴ҹδɽԺſںˡ
Ŵ缱еȥԺŴˣ÷զˣ
δɽ˶٣ɩһЩ࣬ҸϹȥʱˣѴɩӵһȥˣֻҪɩûһɩһƽĻᡣ
δɽȡģҲֻЩˡ
ǰǰŴɩߵľ죬ԾǺٻٻҺõѡͺһġ
ʵϣδɽ˸ȥǱ߾ִ˵ʱŴɩѾˣŴɩһֱûԷֶڼõŴ󷼸ס
ҲҿδɽȥˣŴɩתȥ˱ľ֡
ȻҲǺδɽ󣬲Щ顣
δɽľ˵һ£һͬʱҲɺǷŭ
ŴַŭʹΣĸӡ
С磬ģɩ϶ᱻȳġ
ŴЦϣˡһΣҲϣﶼԣһһֱҶ֪ģԺǧҪϵˡ
Ŵĵͷļϡ
ϣ鸴ӵȥ˯ȥˡ
ڶһ磬û˯ã˻ľˡ
Ŵһ棬ȥŴɩ
кδɽĹϵڣŴɩܹͳʳ
ȻҪǣŴȥԺܹŴɩϣġ
ŴߺûãԺӴ
ȥŵʱ򣬾ͿԺſڵ
￴󷼣ЦЦ󷼣ǵĴɩǾһС͵
󷼿˿ֵǣһûǸϵͳ
˵һϵжֻҲǸϵͳйϵġ
ǣȴûǸϵͳ
ԣϵͳھһԶʱ

󷼲ûĻĵʲô˵ҪʲôҪܰѴɩŹ
һ˵ˣҪһķӣⷿǰһסţӦǵķӣڣһҲԭˡȻǾ͵ӵһεݣСΪһεĸףһӶùΪ᲻ϸ񡣡
˵ôĳ͵⡣
ҪһԺӣһͷ
Ҫ˷ӣѷӹҪģ䷽
Ǹϵͳ˵ˣ䷽û׬ǮԼԼͿŷӿȻ׬Ǯ
ԼԺ󷢼ҵӪԼֵ֮£󷼱ԼֵͻὥԽԽù
뵽ϣ¶һĹâȻһȴС
󷼵һңԩҴɩġ
ԩǾ֪ǰǸŮԩģǣԾҪǡ
󷼺Ȼԣ׼·ˣ֣Ѵɩսȥɩһ͵
ʹ֪ҲˡԺӣǾ͵Ůΰɡ
Ƿ뿪

뿪Ժ󷼰ëÿһ¼ǰ
󷼰һ£ĶԻԺ
һԣ˼еĴ˳
С꼤ĵãģ̫ˡǲ⣬Ǿôɩֱӳˣ
󷼵ͷӦÿԡתͷδɽɽ磬ŴԷŴɩ𣿡
˵Ҳһ̨¼Ǻδɽûʲôֻһˣպø󷼴󷼽Ƶġ
뵽һһ¾αװһһůִģֱӳˡ
̫ˣû󷼻¼
δɽھʹ¼ȥɳһӦþܰѴɩӻꡣ
һ˶һŴɩӣ̲סۿתǼġ
ɽ磬ȥأ͹أһңҪʼ׼ҹˡ
ڵķǽǱýͿʼ׼




76.  76   76 

ڳʼæ, ŴףʱʱţȥԺſ
ӶԸĸİ˽, ԼĸûôãǺԾɻᰮԼĸĸ
ŴļӾŴɩΪ, ̸ʱ򣬲ûбܿ, źܹо֮, Ժ󲻻ᱻƭȥ
֪ԼĸΪ, ԾɹԼĸס
ںǵ֮е˰ʱ, δɽŴһˡ
ŴɩŴŴ, ɫҰ࣬һϴˡ
ԺŴ򿪣󷼵æеĵɩ, ؼ, ﶼؼҹء
Ŵɩ˸, ¶ɫ
ҡҡ, ллǣ
Լ, ˵һ, Ƚݡ
һ˰Ŵɩӭ, ŴȰ˲һ, , ﲻҪҪȽţ
Ŵɩ¶ĵˮﶼ, ﶼ۰
΢΢ֱۣϵ˺˴Ŀġ
󷼵Щ
δɽ̾ϢµģҪȥһ㣬ɩƾǩˡЩ˽ȨˣѾץѶˣǡ
ʲôҶ
ٻٻˣΪкĹϵᱻ
δɽǸЩץȥһ죬ǻȥġ
粢Ǵĺڻ߰ףЩ˵塣
æɽ磬֪Ѿæˣ꽪ůů
һһ뽪ůθ˺Ժ󣬱űů
ŴɩڿϢͱŴŽˣŴɩ̲סᣬŴʤ£Բҡָ鷳ˡ
ŴŲһ£ȴһ仰û˵תͷ˳ȥ
û˵ʹûԭŴɩ
ϾΣŴɩĲ׵ˡ
֪ü˵ĳˣƫƫŸŰ
ߵſڣŴ絽̲ס÷ڣ˼йϵǲܰŪǩ飬ûԺǻʲôӰ죿һ˼ȥΪǵһӰ㡭ú룬ĺӶҪҡ
˵껰Ŵѷһ¹ϣֱ˳ȥ
ŴɩѹֵĿ
Сǵĵ磬û°ɣҪҪȥοһ´ɩ
Ŵú÷ʡɣѵ´λ֪ǳʲô©Ǽ˻ӣ˼ֶޣúõĽѵһΣסѵԺզ죿
Ŵ˵ҲǷǳѹġ
üȻôˣ࣬Ҳĵ籨ģԽԽˣȥʲô˵Űȣ
磬ҪݰοŴɩŴֹˡ
һֱϣŴݺŴɩԷŴɩɫźÿһ㡣
ϣŴɩ̲סʤ£㵽Ҫԭң
Ŵ֪𣿡
ҡҲȥҺ𣿡
ŴĿʹ֪Ǻҵĸ׺棬ǼҵɱĸˣʲôŸ裡ӣȥ
ʤ£أ֪ˣ֪ˡ
Ů˸㸸ĸʲôˣ
ǡ˵ҹȥæɻҵܵһݹ
Ŵ⻰һȻ˵ģҲԽѹˡ
ŴɩҲһˣ֮ǰҲһֻһֻۡ
Σȷȵˡ
ϣŴԼһ˯ڴһߣһֱûдŴɩ
˵ڶ꣬һ磬󷼷޾ͱȥԿȫȥˡ
󷼷޴ӣȥԺӳ緹
Ŀȫ൱صһɻԺһӣֻڼţ֬һһڻ﷢̵ñ˻ϲζҲһһɢκͺΰ̲סΧŻȥʱʱѯʵɵɶʱܳ԰
ֵùЦ
ͺδɽȼһߺСƣһ߿СҲ̵ġ
ȿг̶˶̲סץһ飬ٳ
ﻹһŮͣλһλ裬⻹λŮʿǳĹһĹŵŮһһλҽԺĸҽ
ŮȻĹŵŮ˳̸ǸƵҽȴʡ
λŮͶǴˣ̸ֹòֲʧ顣

һȺֵĳֻȫŸ߸˵ɢȥ
ϣŴҲ׼˲ٵĲˣǽ˱㺣εȼʮʳʳ
ΪйգŽȥٽг̯ӻ˲ٵıš
һžıһȺס䣬š
ڷһȦıԺ󣬼ӻ棬δɽǸ躢ӵģͷȥڵ̯λһӵ̻ͱ
һϣһﶼ߸˵Ĺһֵꡣ

ŴɩųԺ󣬺Ǳʱû˷ӦҲǰŴˡ
ݺδɽ˵Ϊ˰ƽµЩˣûٻǮӣƳһδѧˣ
ûѧˣЩţ׼ڱʲôĻأǸģԶϵͳڡ
󷼰ԼӺúõĿţԺҲķˡ
ڴڹ˺ü죬ǱԾûж
һڼ䣬ѱʤżȥˣ˸Ϊһﶼ˲ٵƬ
Ƚں󣬺δɽƱһ׼ؽȥˡ
ʱȴһ˵Ů
Ů˴һëƤݣʮģ÷ǳã۽ǼκεϸƣŮ˿ڵʱȴԵЩϡ
Ů˵Ǵɽϱɣ裬ǼȻؾˣҲȥԺҺֲŶԣ˼֣벻ô࣬ͬ־Ҽү뿴ӣȥү𣿡
⻰֪ǰŮ˵ˡ
Ǻδɽĸ׽ԺδɽĸȢŮʿ

Ů˺ǰµŮ֮ǰˣһ׵̲衣
ĲԲܰһ˸
󷼵ĵǸҪɷᰲŵġ
˵껰תͷҪš
ŮȴסţȻͬ־֪δɽȢԭ𣿡
󷼿˿ŵֻﲻߡ
δɽȢңȻΪˣȻΪʲô
ЩС档֮Ȣ㣬ΪĶŮȥŮѣǣƷƷһҵģᱻ滻˵𣿡




77.  77   77 

֪δɽĺԼ֮ĸ, ﻹǲЩ
һɫȻδɽĺﲶ׽ˡ
Ů˵ĵһ, һǳʺ㡣
ʲô
δɽȥٸ, ÿ춼ŶӵϢǺδɽؾҲ, ΪǸӵĸ, Ҳ͸, ֻҪʱʱд, ʱ, һָǼǮģҪǣٻޣôҲøӲ, Ȼʱ, ʹ˵, Ҳ뷨ͬ־, ֪ǸŮ, Ů˩ס, ϶ҪΪ, 㲻ȥ, ǺҲһֱϣ
󷼵ʹü, ȻŮһΪǺõģ󷼿ɸκһ仰
Լ˵ٸȻǸδɽĸдţ, κͷԵŮˣΪӬͷСԼ˵ٸ߱ˡ
ŮԼȥԼô⣿
Ұ˰ϣΪŸӶάֺһ˵ĸ飬󷼿϶ô
εģԶֻԼ
ȻΪδɽӣδɽ϶ܸˣΪӶԼһС
СҽޣڵǷǳϧģڸźδɽȥ
󷼾ǰŮһĺƣƬԺ󣬵ĵ˵ˣ

˵ĻֻкŮ˷һףôǸʵ޷߿һۣ֮ǰɽ˵˵иĸ׻ТˣǸʿŮˣ׵ĴΪŮǶŮˣԭҲӶѡôûʲô£Ҿȸˣ
˵ҲŮһۣŤͷˡ
⻰˵ĺδɽĺɫɲǱŤ
ŮΪģݣ˺δɽĸףԭ䡣
Ӹ󷼣󷼵ɵƣϾ󷼾һŮˣͺδɽĸһʮֺúơ
ʮֵĿ󷼣һϺδɽĸס
ɫƽһ°á͵һĲֵ˵ʹ۵㣬ɫѿ˼¡
ҧһι㿴㴩ģٿҴģͲ
󷼻ͷ´㴩ģƤëϣһĺƤǻӺϰģһ·ֻ갡˵֪һ·ҲѪܵģߺü飿㴩һһ治ĽԼɣ˵ԣ㰡ɱʲôˡ
˵껰ˡ
ԺſڣŮ˵ݼŤգŭѵˡ
һԣС˾СŮ˳ţˣϳ
Ů˵ߣϽߣ
תͷԸ˾ȥԺ
Ժδɽĸں壬ŮԺ󣬺δɽҲˣһϲĴŮ˻ӡ
Ůˣڿδɽĸ׵ʱɫЩѿ
ǿ׳ϣʱѾ˶еĸϢͷŲǣ·Źȵ֧ţߵ˳һЩ
ѾˣһƵ壬Ϣͨûʲôͬ
δɽĺ￴ȥԾϷ̴档
Ů˼ʶ˼뿿ˣ˵˥Ϻϴŵĳ
ߵϴЦݣôˣ
ŮѾܾûˣʧ䣬Ծɲ˵ʲô
Ů˵ӻؾˣ֪𣿡
ɽ
ţ
⻰ϱЩÿˣ⺢ԽԽˣȻؾˣҲҲŶԡ
δɽĶӣʱʲôˣδɽ͸úúТ˳ײǡ
Ů˱ûٻˣȢһŮˣһһӵģŮˣһǳļ͹ְģ浣ĴɽƭˡңҺ÷һֱڵ÷ӣһֱԸˣʹ䲻Сˣһ˼͵Ŵɽ׳ǿź÷ģ÷֪֪ףһһδѵһӵŮǿ?׳Ϊ˴ɽδ룬ȰȰɽҲ֪ǸŮˣʲôֶΡ
Ů˰һٵıֱͣ˵˵ɫѿ˼¡
û뵽δɽѾٻˡ
ʵϣδɽٻϢһֱúܺãͺδɽйϵ˼ң֪ļͥҲ֪㡪ֻһǰŮ׺÷Ϊܹں׳ȥԺܹٻҪŮټ߹֮ҡ
ϧе̵˼Ҷ֪Ǽҵῴ׺÷
ԣĿͷ˺δɽˡ
һδɽǺ׳Ψһӣ꣬δɽĸױȥԺ󣬺δɽͱĸĺӣδɽĶܺһ£ǺӲǺ׳ӣΪԼܹ¸ӣûлУ̳ˡ׳Ժ϶Ӻδɽ
δɽгϢľ֮һˣôᣬҲǱá
δɽŮ׺÷ͰĿⶢ˺δɽ
ϧĸ˵עˡ
δɽȥ˽Ժ󣬺δɽһ˽ˣȢ󷼡
һҩȻѺ׳巢գ׳˾ԱǰȥҺδɽ
ǿ϶ѵģϧδɽᣬֱӰѾԱˡ
ڶһ磬δɽΪ˶ž鷳ֱ˳Ʊһ˴СֱӾͻؼȥˡ
ȻˣҲѺ˸Ǻ
Դˣδɽ󷼿϶ںġ
˻صԺ󣬶о˲١
ΣԼ϶ġ
˰ѼʰһԺ󣬾ڶȥؼҡ
ʱ򣬼Ҳݷˡ
˲Ǳˣš
ų˸󷼰꣬Ҳ顣
ŵͬ־ʱ䣬ҽӵü˵ĵ籨Ҫɽɺܿٳ٣
Ҫ٣
ֱһƿ
ﲻһ

ԷѾǮˣɼˣһֱţ¹ȥҾ͵øϽ˹ȥ
󷼵϶԰ʱ
СҾͷˡ
󷼶˲ñģϽҴ˰æɻȥˡ
ɶҲȲ׬ǮҪ
Ÿõ˼Ҵľز˹ȥ￴󷼻ˣĸˡ
ɩӺʹ峤ﶼԷ˴峤˵⡪Ҫ͸ɽɡ
Ҫǣ׼ڴ￪һСӡ
ֻҪ峤æӣܰø졣
ͬʱϡһֹɷݸˣ쳧ҪʽԸһǮռһֵĹɷݡ
뷨˵峤ˣ˵ʹΰװǵ飬ôǮܡ
󷼵ͷǾԼǴ¼Լ˵ԱֻҪڷ̤ʵɾˣŮԿ¼ȡ
ֻҪѿغ䷽ˣԼۻˡ




78.  78 һ   ڽ󡭡

ڽ, ʵȥˣȥ, 黹ûбȫſԼײǹϡ
ԽԽˡ
Լ, ǱҪ顣
˶󣬲, 󷼾Ͱһƿһƿĸɽţȫˡ
ɵʱ, ˿Ʒ, ˫ĸǮ, ֱӰˡ
󷼶Щȴ, ʱǽǮƸô˼͸ɽţɵͬʱҲȥһЩ·
ʱñĹҲӦÿǴǵˡ
ñڶ, 붼, ȥ°, ññȴô, ĻƷۻڲֿ, Ȼܸ˷, Ǵȥ׵꿪, һһǼ, , ѾǼ۵µı׼ȥһԪǮһѾ˽, ѾǼ۵ԪǮˡ
ñԱĹʣȻһǮûǼۡ
ñЧ治ãȻԹ
ȥףҪԱͰñʳջȥԼӪ뷨
󷼳аñһ꣬ĹʣʵҲ׬ѣԶԶȲС׬Ǯࡣ
ԣھΪԼĳѰҶԺ󷼻صӣñĳӿ˵ְ飬ûпڣñĳ
ñĳ̾˿Сͬ־ǳЧһֱã﹤ʶ췢ˣСͬ־ȿȡʳãӵľӾջسаԼȻˣ㻹ǿԼϰģļ﹤ʵûôĹλڹʣﻹǱǰĹʣ㿴У
⻰סˡ
û뵽ɢ£ʳüʦ
ʵϸһ룬Ҳ²⵽һ㡣
Ч治ãʳõ𱬰ȥ°ʱ󷼵£ӵʳҲ⿪ˡ
ʳö⿪Ժ͵һñĺżӵԱԼҳӳԷˣñʳóԷ
ñ˼ôࡰˡԷ֪ʳǳа󷼵ʱ򣬾Ͳ²ûͨʳ׬Ǯ
ʳջأȴ󷼣Ŀĺܼ򵥣Ȼ󷼼ǳ׬Ǯ
һתҲ֪˳뷨
ԴˣֻܺǺˡ
ñĹʣȥҲʮԪǮһ£ֲɵӣ˭ơ
󷼵ллĺ⣬˼бĻҪʳõĹͲˡ
ЩźҲû⣬Ǻðɡ
𳧳Ժ˳ڵڣ˸εܡ
εܿ󷼣¶ЦӴҵ˭ⲻñĴ𣿡
󷼿һۣôתͷߡ
εȴŹñĴ˵Ҫ˰Щ˰ñĴأȥɡ
⻰һζô֪ñĴˣ
ոճʳ£ĪֻˣǹñҺˣ
εܼ⻰ԽЦõˡ
Ժ󰡣ҿҲñʳõˣߣ
˵Żһⲻѵģͦصˡ
ڸεܵʳÿǷʲΪܹõݹû뷨ӣԸ󷼸ˣˡ

ñҪʮſڳǰʳõ˵ˣ󷼿϶øϽʹ峤ϱ̷裬̷裬ɩӵ˵һ䡣
֪롱Ȼɲˣﶼرź
ȥֲ㹽֮࣬û׬ǮǮﲻţȻźҲŵÿˡ
̷ˣȥӣǿûٷǮﵹҲñǷݹˡ
ñĹûˣȻҪѯµ׬Ǯ·
ǴȰԼ͸ɽţɵģҲͰ뷨˵˳Ҫ˵ƹ
ǵģߵĶѾչˡ

Ϊչ⣬󷼴ĹɩӺʹ峤ϱһڳϰԺֱӵȥȥˡ
һθĻƣɩӺʹ峤ϱʵŵÿģûܸɺ¡
һһֱ˽ȥ
ʱۻԱǰȻóɽţۻԱƷԺŮܿͶ¶Цݣ˵Ѹող𿪵һЩӸɽţ͸æľԺŮҲٵĴӦȥѹ羭˹
羭ʱԭЩͷģƷ͸ɽţɣҲһЩʳƷζ۷
գ˫Ѽ۸̸ֱã󷼵һƿһԪ磬Ķ۲ܳԪ壬ɽţԪһƿļ۸磬ĳۼ۸ܳԪ
Ͼʵʵţɰ
ľ³еգǲԸֱӽģֱһ˶ʮƿֻԺǲŸ԰ѻֱ˻ȥ
羭ǱȽϽܵģͬ
죬˸üСĹ磬Щķ̸
ɩӺʹϱڵһ̸Ժ󣬵ڶҲˣԸ£Ҳȥĳ֮·
󷼿Ǻ˵ˣһȥһƿ͸һëǮɣһëǮ𵥿ȥһ¿϶ϰ׬Ǯ˲١
ȷһȥʮƿһ¾׬ԪǮȥһƿء
⻹ǵһ졣
ʱ׬һµĹǮˣɵӲŲء
Ҳ绰ˣҲճļ۸ôëëʣ¶ȥģ׬мĲۡ
һϢ˵ֱӿ˼ӵĻ
ǵĹ࣬⣬·ߵС̯֮࣬ȥȥˣеĴӣ涼ˣ͸˼仰Ժ󣬲˾һЩȥʾҪƷһ¡

ڹߣ󷼰ѻԺʵЩġ
ڶ죬ͱø
ڶ죬üҹ˶˵绰ȥͻ
гһĻֱȥͻȥˡ
˵һҹ磬ľ¶ЦݣͰѻˡ
羭ˣˣȫˡ
ԭţЩƫ󣬵û˹򣬵û뵽ǣһ첻ʱ䣬ȫˡ
Щˣ
ľ׬ǮĻˣ϶Ź͸󷼴˵绰
Σһҹľֱʮޡ
˲ĵڶҹ磬ԾһɶҲʮ޵Ļ
꾰ãǶǮõţ˿ֱӵ˳ԣҲûζͷֱӳԣζԹԣ




79.  79 ںú   79 ںú

ʵ, űǩͺͺ콷ţɣԤ֮лҪ
ȷ˲ƷԺΪԾ, Ҳʼ׼̱ˡ
̱ḷ̌󷼵ȻǺȽ
󷼸һ绰, û˵ͬæ, ͬʱ, ̱Ϊ, ˴ı, ֱɩ۹, ĿԶ
ţȽϹ׳ûʱҲһЩ⣬һЩ⸬, Ǯţɱ˲, ֻҪԪëǮһС, Լİٿ, ƳԺ, ñţɻҪ졣
С󷼵Ķô, ԥԺ, ҲҵҪ
æ, , ȥҵĻ̯λզ죿
ڹԺڰСһ, ϵѧĴӵСѧһԻһСѧԼԶһҽԺȣϵļԱߣԣȻ󣬵Ǻܴġ
ۿķСȻ棬Ҳ׬ȥ
󷼵ʻСãƽֻаõʱ򣬵Ȼϼʱ϶ã϶Ҫȫ̯λģƽʱҰ̯λʵе˷ʱ䣬Ҿȥһҵһ¡
ҪڿӾͻȥϵСѧѧӵĳɳ϶Ǯĵط࣬³Կ࣬׬Ǯ
ܹиĻ׬ǮȻҪȥ׬Ǯ
ⷬûж˵ʲôͬˡ
һЩС꼼ɡ
СǰǻгģĹϵС껨һٶʮԪǮҲһгƽʱгȥҵ
ֻҪÿǰϻ꣬Ҳˡ
ȻˣĵҲɣţɵȰˣ󷼰۳ֻҪһƿ׬һԪǮ׬һԪëǮţɣ׬ԪǮ
سСҲȥҵˡ
ʵͦģСΪߴ˸صȣЩصĽֵСȣ̻
С°Ժ󣬻ĩżۣȥҵ
С࣬ҲСۡ
Сһڣ׬Ǯͳľ¥׬Ĺˡ
־ϲҲԽ˶ˡ
ھ¥ʶһСɻɻҲ׬ǮСÿƷ󽵵һ룬һָɻɻպûĸŮ˵õĹɵÿɵþɻ裬ΪŮسǣǰԼĹøŮˣԺûйģ̫̫ʵϣҲʮͷһƿ׬ëǮһƿɾ׬ëǮţɾ͸׬Ǯˣһƿ׬һԪëˣɰֻ̫̫ˡ
۷ǣ̫̫ʲô᲻ģɵȣֲ÷紵ɹֻҪ¶һƤӾˡ
̫̫ÿȥҲСм̣׬һû׬Ǯ
˰µʱ󷼲һĿԼҲһ
ô£˲ƿƷУ˲ǧƿǧƿţǧƿңӪҵߴҡ
ЩչԺ󣬳ͻԽԽȶˣԺÿ£ܳôĻ
Դˣ󷼵˵ĸˡ
֮ǰߵƿĻ󷼵ֵֽһĻټõֵĻһʮĻ
Щ۳ɱټϹĵ̵С̵룬ĴһвʮĴˡ
Ŀ˵϶Ŵˡ
ЩǮ˵ȴԾɲ
ҪվøߣøԶ
ææµµʱ򣬴峤Ҳ֪ͨ󷼣ׯҪֲˡ
ڽ꣬󷼾󲿷ֲֶ
ͬʱڴס߸ӵסҲֻҪԸֲ˼ң죬ȫչˣԺʹǩЭ飬ֵԤһʮԪǮ
Ϣһ³˼ҶǩЭ顣
һңеĴǩֲЭ顣
Ҵ壬Ҳȥ˸ĴӺˣƷգֲǮ飬Ȼּɡ
ǣĴӺǩЭ顣
󷼼ˣ˲١
Сӿ벻ģȻʱɶ
쵼Ϊôգ֪м۸ߵļ۸ǩչЭʱ򣬲ɴϲֱҵ̸һ󷼸ŻֻҪܹǩ
󷼵Ȼͬ
ְװŵĺ£ɵӲŲӦء
ҴĴ񶼰ֲȥʱ򣬴Ҳʼ
ʹ಻ԾɲڸǴϲľ
ҽã׬ǮʱֲܲŹ֡
һ죬̸һԺ̵ĳżȥӵſڣһˡ
˿ŷ㲣ţԴһ˫۾Ѫ˿żֵĻźͽǡ
ʶȥһ̣ԷպҲ˹󷼵߶һţԷһĻңŲʶˡ
󷼻æ磬㡭ôˣ
ʤܵ·ܾûϴˣһۣ˿һ
ʤһ󷼣ϵɫĸӵ˼㡣
ʤ૵ãҡұƭˣءұǸŮˡƭˡ
˵ŻôһˣҵĿ
磬Ƚݣզ£˵
Ƚӣһδɽ·ʤܻϣָʤһʤһƣ׶ȫ꣬һԿʼ˵һ
ʤ˵̲סʣãҡҸմһúӳءұǸŮˡƭˣúݶģҲزˣ
ʤ˵
ԭʤܺŮԺʱʱһģʤҪǮ
ʤرϲһ˼˼ҽأԣʹ÷ͻʱԾѡԼãȥֺ
ȻˣһһʤܵŪǮģʤܱ㿪ʼһˡ
ʱʼͱˣڹǰһʱ䣬ûٺͱףʤŵʣһεģ˵ǼȵģҲġ
ȥĸĸʱĸޡʤһĿˮһôǮˮŮĪһëǮͲȢ𣿡
ʤæҪٲǮ
һǧԪĲǮһֶ١
ʤķӣеİһŴæǮøһһˣǮó
еĵǰΪǼһǮأ
ޣǰǮһ仧˼ңʲô㵹Ǹһվ
ȻûκεվݣЩǮǳԾǺȣõóʲôվݣ
òվɣϽӹҵĻƻŮҸŮ
˵ŻżĶϱ׷ʤܣʤΣڰһٴԺֻһˡ
ԺίίĵһҪһǧԪĲûǮ費ͬҼ޸㡣
զ죿ҡһ²ŶʮԪʡ
ʱƲƲ죬Ǳ֮ɫһϵһĵģʤܸ磬˵ȥɽǱúֵǮȫȱúأŪһЩǮŹһȥɽ˻һú̿ôǮˡ
ʤ⻰ȻĶˡ
ǡû·
һ磬гҪԸ⣬ҾͰܸ㡣
ΪȢ˹飬ʤвԸģͬ
󷼵ȥʱνġ硱ȥɽúȥˡ
һȥǮˣһ˹ںúúЩûˡ
Ҳ飬ŴӺú˳޷ģǴɽһ·֣߻ǵġ
ôӳúô߻ģûϸ˵ֻԥԥĵã㡭ٽһǮ𣿡
Ŀ㣬ϾúĶ򣬱ĥЩ˵ĥЩزԺʶöĺá
ߵǮûлڣȴԼҪǮˣһСĿ




80.  80   80

ʤܱνıȥú, ˷úú飬˵ҲһһѾ顣
ʤܸǸԳĻ˾һϳóú, ĳɽҰ룬λʱѳͣ·ߣ˵ǴʤȥԷ
ʤܲ, ˳ӣתͷ, ͱ·߳ļ˰ס, žһٶ
Ȱʤܴòҽ, λҲ¶Ŀ, Ӹ, Цһ㣿Ȣ?Ҫ޸ɲأݵ£
˵Ż, ʤܶǮȫ, ֱ˳Ĩʤܵ͸ס, ְʤ, Űⶪ˻ϡ
һԵĲݴ, ⼸̧׳, ǰ, ˸˳ϡ
ȳӿ, ˺ɻĽ̸
, ʮͷû˲飬ǰȥ, ׬һˣοԹˡ
ǱЦһϧú̿ôͷֻܸźȿˮȻģȥȥ
ʤܴʱ֪ⷬԼҪúȥˡ
ʤǸطҲ˱ȥûûҹúӿ治˹ģûûȣ΢Сģһ¾ûˡ
ʤ֪Լ϶ǲȥֵطģȻ϶ûˣԣʹ紵˷ΣԾţҪǰ
ϧⲢһ׵顣
޾֮·Ҳ֪˶ã·һʱҹɫ˳ųӼһµŻĳƨɣֱܵ˳
ڳΧһңȷֱ֮࣬Ӿ涪ȥ
Ȼһǳ
ǳѻڵĻԺŵļ˰Ѱǳһ
һԣʤƴ˺ȣκͱס˫ȺֽҲţ޷
ǳ˿ˣŤͷһȥһ
أء
ƴǰǳ񿴲Ƶġ
գǳѳϵĻߺü䣬ڿ³ʱ򣬿˿ˣԥһ£ڶ﷭˷һСſųƨˡ
Ҳÿƶİǳ˳һС
ʤ˫ּСһһӣֽŶľˣԾڼ֡
ļֵȻûа׷ѣܿϵӸˡ
ְѽϵӸϣųϵļ˰ϵӸԺһȺ˶Կһۣö˵͵͵ſųƨɣһ̵˳ӡ
ȳӿԶˣ˸ҶֱͣӾߡ
ʱ˵֪Ǳ˺ڻɽҰ뱻ġ
һᣬɱˣǰͬɱˡ
⻰ԽĲҶͣ캮ضȴԾɼҴҵš
˴ׯ˾֣򵱵صľֱ
Ͼ˭֪طûкͺú˹һأ
Ǹ˾˵ģǵ棬νǣ
ЩֵˣֻССϺˮġ
ԣ󷼵ڱԺȵʱʤںء
ʱʼԣҲ˲٣Ϊٽ꣬ũﶼгʳһȺ;ǻ
ʤԣһȺ˶ڽܱ߱ƭȥġ
ڵ˽ǣʤܾһЩǮЩ˵·ѡ
ͬʱҲΪӵ˽ˣǴһȥ
겻ѣǺһأ
ǡڳվǱߵҡ
̾һҪ٣
һԪãһỹġ
󷼶˶٣磬㡣
˵ŻóһԪݸ߰ɣҺһȥ˽йզѵˣﶼԵȺģȳԺˣȥ
ʤ⻰жҲû˵ʲô󷼴ȥվ
ڳӸһȺлһɪӣһȥ
ǶǱƭȥ׬Ǯģ˵Ǳ߸úÿ׬ʮԪǮĹʡ
ҹң˼ңԾв˼һĿӶûУҲֻǿѡ
ԣ֪׬Ǯ·궼ˣ͸˳ȥ׬Ǯȥˡ
˶һѹǮƣЩûˡ
ʤܹ˶۰Ͱ͵Ŀš
ܽ赽·ѣǵȻǼõģôֻؼȥ
߹ȥλ綼ûгԷɣߣȥҼԷȥܱһֵʤܵãﶼˣҿ
⡭лл
ʵ̫ˣҲûƴǡ
󷼰һȺ˴ȥԺȡ
÷Σ˼ϲˣ۸ûٷţһ˳˶лԺ󣬶ڳ
ڳæʱʤܰѽ赽Ǯֱһ˽ȥԪǮ
ЩﶼʾһỹǮġ
ʤܶһ£Ҳ˵ʲô
£ܹúõĻţڴ󲿷˵ѾǺܺõˣЩ˻Ǯȥʱ򣬾ûҪջˡ
˳ָ꣬롣
˶һǶԲ̾һ
лżҴӡ
ҽ󷼡һ£ʤܵá
ȻЩ֣Ҳûʡ
ȳԱ㣬Щ˱ˣˣϻƣȴߵһЩ
ݿмֵ׺󷼵ӣǿ϶ỹǮġ
ǵȻ֪ʤ﷢ԪǮǴġ
ԣ˵ȥɡ
һȺȥǵĳӣȥֱȥˡ
ڻһʡİ˱¼Ժ󣬱㰲ȻȥˣǻҪ顣
ЩƭˣŻѰƭǵˣǻһϵʽתͷˡ
µĺʤܵȻȥȥˡ
ʤôû뵽ΪôǮôԴ
ʤٴ¥µʱһݴԶţһֱ
°ʱ򣬲һ˻ģߣи§ϣֶŵˡ
˿䶼ĸˣ˺ܴһأ˴Ŵ翴һɲһһİһһǮٿ֣ȴûпܡ
ԣոձȥúתͷѾһ¥ˡ
֪ΪôǮֶûǣһ¡
ǲ֪Ӧǣ֣ãҪԵأһԴҪȢؼ۵Ů
ʵʤһĶ⣬һκȻˡ
۵ü£ȴʲôûƵģֱݴԣݺݵľһƣӣ
ԭֺǺǵģʱȴһֵĵɴ۾
㡭㡭ô
Ϊ͵úˣΪӸˣӣȻ㲻Ϊ˦ӣǹݶ
һԣߵ˼һ˴һƣɫ÷ǳ˭ôҴҵŲ״Σ
ʱǣǰһ׶Ҽ޸أҪң
ǵûˣ˼Ҳ㻹ˣĸλģ빤ǰɣ




81.  81   81 

ʤܻû˵, ȴǽֵɨֵġ
ǺЦһ۴, ԭһɨֵģѹ㣡
Ӹ¿ʤ, ڿһҰ
ʤܵϣһϲ, ƬԺ, Ŀ, , ѻҵǮȫ, һӶˣȻҲ
תͷŤͷˡ
ڶ, ȴյϢ, Ĺû, ֵֵṩҡ
ͨĹϵҵĹ, ԷҲֵı, ֻ, ʤͬ־, Ǹ, ʵε, Ҳûа취
ʤüͷһ󣬵Ǹǰ, 𣿡
ԷЦһ£û˵
ʤģһƨɵ˵ϡ
ʶʲôĶ
Ҫıţţ˰ĹŪˡ
ҪϾɱȥ
ǣڵȴûȥ󷼼ҹˡ
ʶԺԴԼõ̬ȣ˼¡
ܹسǣȫ󷼰ģسǵĹҲ󷼰æҵġ
ÿվ͸˻Ƶģߣ˶ҪˣڣԼõļﶼˡ
ʱжô򹷣Լжô飬ھͶԼжôĻںޡ
룬ѪıӺ飬ˡ
ڣٸԼ鷳ˣΨһ뷨
ԣЩϵǮҪû
ڻ·ϺЩЩú˴̽ȥúȷ׬ǮֻҪбǮҶ·Ժǿ϶׬Ǯģڶ˹ֻԼ취׬Ǯˡ
뷨Ҳűȵµĺݾһ͵͵ȥһСһ͵͵쵶߳۵˼ѵӣתͷͳҹɫҷȥ
ĸĸֵܣһ㣬һãڵ˼ҶǴͥļҲһӼʮƽ״С䣬ֱѳ̣ļҸĸļСúļҴסߵӣһס̨סڸһ
ļ˱Ƚ裬ϲ裬ʱʤһİҩ͵͵ļҵ
ϣʤܺһ飬һϣҹɫݺݵĶļˡ
ȵ˰ҹ㣬Ƕ˯ʱ͵͵Ӵļҵļ˻һ裬˶˯øһ
ʤɴļҵĴļҵӡ
ʤһˣԣƽļദʱ򣬾֪ļ˵ǮƶʲôطԣûκεĳɣֱȥļҸĸķ䡣
ļҸĸϲǮڹϴʤܴϰԿùֱӰѹӴˡ
Ӵ򿪣ʤһ
һӰŵһѵǮȻһӶƻҺ֮ĸߵ׾ƣҲиָߵĵ֮࣬ʤܰǮóƽļҸĸȻһǧԪǮһԣһ˱¼ʲôӵʲộ׬˶Ǯļ¼
Щ̾ôģ룬϶ļҵļŮȥˣ˼ƭǮ
ʤĺ޶ļˣǮһⶼļƭǮ
ȻǱ˲϶ôš
ǮһԵıֽѱֽְѹٴãԿ׷ļҸĸϡ
ȫԺݺݵĶһ̨գսȭͷ˳Ŵϣһ̵ܵˡ
ļڲע⣬֮ڿ϶ֱᷢ͵ߵǮƣԺܵȥˣҪǣû֤֤͵ļҵǮ
ڶһ磬ʤһ£Ǹдһţʾּ˳ȥ˵ԼȥϷȥˣ󷼲Ҫ
ʵϣʤǮŻվʱãģ֪ȥ
ڻվǻʱ˺ס
ʤֵܣ
ʤܻͷһ¿ˡһשЩúֵһ⣬һ
ֵܣ
ʤֵܣȥİ
ֵܿʤܵıЩ档
ʤֵܿˣҲǳȣֵܣǲӦͻô
̾һϼ̫ƫƧˣԲֵܽö࣬Ҫҳ·ûа취
ʤܵǴȥ
ʤһֵۣȥúǱ߿
ɶǻȥǱߣ
ʤĳԾˣκú֮ãܶأȥ
һֵ̣ȥúҪԡ
г𣿡
һῪѧͦ򵥵ģȥǱȿ·
ʤûطȥҧҧܴ𣿡
⵱Ȼԣʤֵܰߣһʽ˵㶪¹ܣͼɶ
ʤܿЦһ£˭׬Ǯ
ûж߿࣬ϾȻһһĿѣ˵ףʵ̫˽Է
գʤֵܸˣ˻𳵣ʡƱ½Ʊ
ֵ½Ǳȥ޻ȥˣǱ߿ḻǴȥǱ߿
̤˻𳵡
ڵϣļ˳ıƽһЩûκκεķ֣ļǮˣѾһԺˡ
ʱûһĺۼʤܵ鷳ˡ
һߣųˡ
λ˴ʡ
ҵ󷼵ͬ־иҪ𣿡
ʲô⣿
Ҵشٵ·ͷ֮࣬Щ˵ɺˣҾҪҪһ£
⻰۾һ£Ļ
ҸϷĻ˵ÿɺˡ

ߣȥ
󷼸ţֱĿⷿ
ڿⷿȷ˸·ȹЬȡ
󷼿Щ۾ɷ
Щ·ǳʱ֣ҲԶǱصܱȵġ
Щ·ʲô۸񣿡
ŵߵĶԪǮĽ۸㣬ǱߵĹһ㣬ԪȥԪǮԪǮʮԪǮһ㣬һǧ붼ˣȻͲ۸ˡ
ʤ˴Ļ˰Ҽ飬Լֵܵۡ
󷼼ûгɣʹӦ
ڶ죬ܷʱµˣͶһЩ·ȹӵȵƷ
ͬʱҲ˴һСĳӸǰ̯
Ŷܻ··һãŮ°ɲǣΧһԵ·
Щ·ʵ̫ˣžǱǴ·Ƶģ˼۸Ժ󣬹ǶɣֱӾǮ




82.  82   82

Ŷ°Ժ, ҲͦһŮӡ
°ԺԼøɾࡣ
سǵĵĻվר־, Ŷرȥ飬ϲʱ־
ʮĩʱ۵ĺܶ־ͷǳʱ, Ǳ߹ʾ͸ʱֺÿˣϵͷ, ٵ·Ĵ, Ь, εȡ
һ·ʱ, ü˻Ż, ˼·ȥˣȵȥԺŶһý˶·ģ, ٰʱ־Ůװһ
Դ, Ŵܳ, , Ҷӵ, õЩ磿
󷼵, Ҫġ, , Щ·, ǽһ˶ѡ״ճɱۿ۳·ǮˣǼȻ·, Ǿ·棬ǶûҲҲǸǵ·𣿡
ŶԺ󷼾ͬˡ
ǣŶ˻ǯͷ
Сû̷ҵ񣬴󲿷ֶܱأʹŮҪһҲҲ·
Ŷ㻨ʮԪǮʱ־Ҫúõһѡ
ȸԼ̷һͷĺڳ̳ϸ޵СƤļϣһľɲͷһϸ˿һ󳦺ᷢԼϣһŮƵŮ
õĻѡѡһɫɫĳȹϺɫ߸ЬԽԵ˫ȷ޳˼Ըִ˼ֵ崿
㣬ãÿ𣿡
ۣÿ
ϲ̣
ûû˵һԣӷΧŶתˡ
ѡһһȽŮĺڰ׻ɫ黨ȹѡɫаɫ֯
󷼵ȹӱȽŮŶһķͣŴͷ̣һͷ
ŶԽԽ˷ܣȱͿں죬ǽҪϣȥѡ۽ˡ

Ŷڼʱ򣬾ͷǳģԺӹúܲãҲûȥ磬·ʰøɾࡣ
ͨĻسǣľҲˣԽϲˡ
Ҫģûн飬ڴҲԽˡ
˵˿˿գԼ
Ŷһ˫֣ƽϲĶԼİңҳһӵƬǰһ·̫صˣԼһЩƬȥģڿóˡ
ʼ˿Ƭ˶ƬԺһεĶͳǰ
ŶѶڶϣžգ⡣
󷼵ҲЩˣ㣬ÿźǸϼ
ϼǴĴˣŶ߱۾ҲǱ׼ˣмϼζ
Ŷָ󷼵˷ֱһԶ
ƬĶСɿɰԲȦΣҲĵ׹״
Ȼ۸񲻹󣬵Ժ󣬵ȷܹһɫ١
󷼿ˣԽҪĻҲԽˡ
ڶһ磬ǡϼü˱ȥһط̯
ü˸ո߳ԺӣھӾ̲סΧ˹
Щھӿ˵Ĵ磬ɴ۾ʶ˽ˣΪǣҺͽϡ
Ů˵ԣ˺󷼴кҴӣӴιǽһ·ÿ·û··ܹɣ
󷼱Ц㣬Щ·һѴϷʱֵĺûҪҪ
⻰æҪҪҪ
ס⸽ĶʽСɲǮġ
㿴˿˵Ļһϲһ
ŶѡһϱȻ㣬һɫĳһɫȿ㣬԰ѳ°ڱڿǳŮɲʣԵ޳˫ȱֱԵöׯһ黨ȹƽʱڼһ߹ֵʱ򴩣ŷǳĵͻݣһȹӣԸʱ򴩣Ҫ·Ⱥķ羰Χ˵Ŀⶼ벻㡣
Ŷôһ˵Ժ󣬾ϷǳʣŶĻԺÿһ·ˣÿһ᲻÷֡
ӴǸżҶӣһ·𣿡
ɫ磬󷼵ȻԣˣҪˣ϶һŻݵļ۸񡣡
ãã
ŵˣ˸ȱǮ㣬һСĸɲ
ӻ·ȥˣҾһԣ󷼵˸˽ȥ
һԣٳ󷼽·ˣҲ߽ҡ
Լ䣬ܿͰ·˳
֪˶ƫݣ·϶ܳŵ𣬲ʰʲôģ϶󷼵˳ʡ
һԴһɫȹӣŶ߹ȥͷͷֱһӣ룬ִԼĿڴóԼļһóϡ
ǸŮɲȻи߸ЬģԣͷԺֱӻһ˫߸Ь
һԣ߽ҵˣɴ۾
㣬ӴιģšÿӴ߳ȥ˵Ƕš
㿴Լֹ˵Լ۾ɴˣЩԼ
ʱϹӷԺ˳ĩﶼôˣϹʶһ£һ̣ԭЩ˯ʵϹһ¸ɴ۾
ͮͮͬ־𣿡
Լɷľ޵ɫ飬ˡ
һ˭
˵Żɷһۣ任·ȥˡ
ͮͮɷöûع
ƬԺֻ˳װһԣŶȥһβԽԵӢ˲ׯִ˼֪ԣǴĶصƮƣƽʱʩ㣬˼ֵ͡
ɷҲÿҲ򡣡
գ㼸ԴԺÿһˡ
˵˼޸Ժ㼸ûгɣֱӶǮˡ
أǮԶҲǳϲ
Ŷ͸ˣǵĵһ˿أǲģ͸Լ˴ɡ
⻰ֿ˻׵õ˭ϲأ
һԣȺӿһʱﶼ˹㳡
ǸѡǲģҲŮ֮ѡ
ü˻ûͰѻһ롣
·ģҲ˶ͷ·ֿ˻

߳󷼽ֿٴνݣһֲ˻żҴҵȥϼȥˡ




83.  83   83

ڰ̯ʲô֤Ҫ, ֻҪȥռ̯λˡ
˹ȥʱ򣬹總ĺλѾռˣֵֻܽλð̯ˡ
˿һλ, ѴСӰںãƯϲڷ·
˱õģ, һȣͿʼˡ
·, ·, Ϸ¿·, Ưֱˡ
ܿ, ̯λΧΧһȺСϱ
Щ˰̯λΧ˸ˮйͨ, Ž˵·š
ۣЩ·Ư
Ǹ·Ǯ㴩ŵһ
ԣ, ҲҪһġ
æҵĸ˵ݳȥ·, ѯʺü۸Ժ, ˬǮˡ
·СϿûм, , ·ȹ·Ҫ, Ǹɫȹ, ̫Ư, Ǹɫϵķȹ, ·Ժ󣬸ǶôķҡҷעĿ, һϲ졣
֮һȺĴСϱΧһѡһ͸·ҪǮƵģ̯λ㡣
óǺöڣû˰
˵Ļ÷ɿ죬Ĺ򣬾˴룬գŴٻȥȡ󷼺Ŷԭ̯
С򸽽кüӣﶼǮӹöѵõĴգԣ˼ɢȥʱ󷼴ߵһǧ·Ļ˸һɶ
֮⣬ŶԼķȦȣ˸һɶ
żҽôŵȻҲ˲Ÿֱˡ
һԵĹ磬ԭ󷼵ͻȥʱСľǾܾģתͷĹ򣬵ЩĻ𱬵ʱλ쾭һɵˡ
쾭ҲһˣܹȥԺĵͬ־һЩ𣿡
ҡͷҾͽһǧĻڶˡ
쾭һɵˡ
ܽЩź͸ۻడĪǱĻ
󷼵Ц
ͬ־ǱߵĻһǵøǹ
Сл˵
ˬĻش
·߸̯׼ؼҼһ
ʵϣ·ǳü㣬ַεͳƹˡ
Ƚ˺һ飬Щ·ѽ˶һ
һǧ·һ׬ǧԪǮ
Щ·ǲһʱˡ
żҴͶ㿴Щ·ôʱ䡣
󷼰ѱǮ۳Ժ󣬰õ󣬺ƽ֣պһ˷һǧԪǮ
ЩǮ󷼵Ĵ˵Ȼ࣬һѣڹ֮г̶̹Ҳ׬һˡ
ŴŶõһǧԪǮĶЩ
׬ǮŶһ²ŶʮԪǮ׬ĹʣڲԲȵ£ܴһǧԪ
ԣװʵ̫ˡ
֮⣬ЩԼķΣ֮ģɱͣȴ
õôһǮԺŶ㶼Ҫǵרİ̯뷨ˡ
һȽϳصˣûľǰǮȫ󷼣ãҵıǮ
ŴҲǮݹȥ󷼼
ãǴһԪǮĻɣаܹȫʱǾͰճıǮıǮã֪Ϊչǣ㲻Ҫƴˡ
󷼳һ£ҲʹӦ
ΣֱһǧԪıǮ󷼳ǧԪıǮһŽһĻ
СгȻûô󣬵󷼻ͱӵĹк
Щ˲ڹ˲ֱ֣ȥ̯ȥˡ
Ŷȥǰٻ˾̯Ŵ±һƽ׵Сط˻ǽϣŶõĳ׵·ߵ̯λܿס
·߰źãźȻҵ󷼣˵Ҫ顣
󷼵ͬ־ʲôҪ飿
ŵҸǱһڿԴƿɺһ?
⻰۾ɴˣôࣿ
Ž͵ҸͨʡĲֻֻͨҪߵزùȥһڽôĻ𣿼Ǯ⣿
һ¡δЩ̫ˡ
ŵҸ˵ԽһʳĻȻ۸ЩһЩǿԺ̶ܴȵĽʡ˹ɱЧʣҪҪһе
󷼵ɴ۾лĻȻԡͲ֪Ǯ
һ̨һʽ𷽱⣬Ҹĳӡ
⻰һ£ǵǲãҵʽǹġ
УʲôҪæģܿڡ
ãȶлˡ
ѯʤ˵Ļе⣬ŵһһʮص˵ˡ
ҪĻǽǵĻеǱߵĻеǿģҪȥкǱߵĻеһ£ҪҸȰѻеĳϵʱȥк̸
󷼵ȻǼҪġ
УҸҸ˵һ䡣
ߵҲغ󷼵ĳܷǿ⣬󷼵֮УڱˣԽԽá
ʱȥУҪ֤ͨģû֤ͨȥС
˺δɽôһɷ򣬸δɽһ䣬δɽӦæˡ
δɽһУһصսѵļҾæӴ
ԴˣǴϲ
бտ˼ֱƭĿܡ

֤ͨǰһ¡
죬ڼ峤ϱҴҵˡ
峤ϱ󷼣һĻϲ󷼣ǵһȥᣬˡ
һ£ʲô°
ҪǨˡ
ɶ
죬·ֵ˶ôӣЭռص⳥⡣
⻰л𣬺Ǩûô졣
ǶԴ峤ϱлڶһشȥȥ
˵ڶһ磬ص˴
ڴˣɩӿ󷼣æ֣ɩСæ߹ȥá
߹ʱӶݺݵĿ󷼣Ŀ˶һ
󷼰һۣɫ䵭
ݺҪĥˣ󷼣Ǹأ뻻鵽ĵأԼûȥҶӵһݵأҲ뻹ǡ
⻰Цһ̵ĵ˵ͻƾʲôأ
ƾɶƾǵأҳ鵽ģǿȻݵأǵغܴ󰡣ǷأղǨ⳥ˣܶǮ
ֻҪһ뵽һʱ̰ͼС˺󣬴ʧôһ⣬ľڵѪ
УһҪ
ЦһĵأǸҵ֤ϣֽ֣дװףǵؾҵġ
뻻ȥأ
⻰ҲѪǰǵض󷼵ĲȨ֤дأɶû
Ⱥ󷼻һˡǰΰ




84.  84   84

ΰ˾ʹֵЦ, ֮࣬ñ׵軹ҪУ˭˼ֵЦ⡣
, ԽǶ˭Цƣ󷼵Խľ衣
ڱʲô⣿
ˣû˱󷼸˽, üֵʱܰóΪҸ, Ҫʲô, ܰѻ˵Ŀ, ѴΪ֪
Ϊ֪˵ı, ͶֺõЦ, ƲƲ죬תͷ
˶һߵĺЩȺŻкԺ˾Ȼ˹
, Цĵ, ɩ, ĩ?զûֶֶŮش
ΰĻ, ĵòС
Լǰ, ز, 㱻Լ𴩹, ԾɻڼװԼҵء
󷼵ĵ, Ҵ, ɺ޹أ
һʸ֦Ĺˣûʸѯʺӵ⡣
󷼵ΰ˿ûз, ɩӣǰһȥһϷպôһЩöɩţǶӺ͹Ůһȥ
⻰ЩѪݺݵĵ˭ӹۣɱûûƤģȻӣ
ΰ⻰һֺõĹЦԣԣɩ˵öԣɩ˵ĶԣɩӣȻļˣܹҵѪΪӵ壬չһºҲӦõġ
󷼶ݺݵĵ㵽ɶ
ΰֻӵݸ󷼣ܸɶɶҲɲ˰ȿȣϷһЩС⣬ø棬Ҳ뾡һһܸɶţ
Ϥİĳƺɴһ
ˣʲôУ
Ҫ֪˵壬̹뵽ֱӰѶظˣҲҪԼߣԼֲ˭ϡĶ
ΰˣɩһҪ𣿡
תͷһԵȺ˿ȥ󷼴һֻܰΰµĶˡ
ҪʲôУ
ν磬˾ûһ뷨ǺȻ鷢֣Ҫֲȱʧĸ
Ȼ֪ΰΪϴΰǰؼȥֱӰѩѩǵļײˣ֪Ⱥӡ
뵽ԼͷһƬ̣ΰп˵
ڰȥһ˾סԺѩѩĸĸȺСԺģֺһĺΰȥΰ϶ȥģصĸ͸һƵģĬϾͱһá
ʼգһʹūѡ
ʱԽ󷼵ĺӣҲȻˡ
ڵжٵǾͲ֪ˡ
һݵĴڸԺ󣬴ʱŵ쵼·Ҳˡ
Щ˿ʼڴ̨Ͻ
Щ˽ҪݾǴȷҪǨˣҪ˿ʼǼϸռõˣأǰͷģͷĲطĲȻˣռأԺ棬Ҳһ⣬ԣÿ˼ҵĳˣһݷֳ֯ĹΪ
ⷬôﶼɱ˷
ӴرռԺ󣬴ŵ˼ǿǮլػֹȻ˹ԼͿԱɾ񻧿ڰ
˶˷ܵòˣôһڱˣƶһӣϾҪ˰
ֱӵָǵլػô㣿
ӵеķݵլػ㣬ռضͿ⳥լػڴӶߵƽǱߡ
ⷬһ˵ôһ˷ܡ
ũլػȻȰ
˵ڶ죬غͷȵҲˣֵúҪһ
ĲǨһʼУǩԺ󣬰ùҲῪʼУ·լػҲԽˡ
˰Ժ󣬻վĽŻῪʼС

ɢȥ峤ҵ󷼣󷼣ȷϰǨˣĳզ죿
Ҳû뵽ôͰŲǨˣһ´峤ҵĳʲô𣿡
Ҫ˵飬˼ԸڴｨԸ⳧ĹȷͷǱߵĻĵظһأڽ賤
󷼵ȻǺõģﵽСĵ·ҲûУͨ㣬￪ĻϺõѡ񰡡
峤ЦˣҸͷᣬǴӼȻ޻վ·϶Ҫ޵ģ޺Ǵӵĵ·󷼰򸮵˴Ӧ£ߣڴｨ𣿴ﻹŴ﷢!Ҫ֪ЩһɻӶԽԽãҶĺģ뿪ӡ
󷼱Ҳ᲻ôĴȻǾ鷳峤һأҽӣңҪʹ峤˵أҪȥнһĻе豸籣ˣҵ͸ɽţӿ죬ʱ򣬻ǻᰴԭļƻѹλö
ããҾ֪û㡣
ܹͬԼҵĸĻ˭Ըسȥϰడ
ң󷼵ĹԺ󣬻ܰسǵĹˣ׬һء
ԣ˶˴峤ˣĿľ󷼻ڴｨӡ
ȵõ󷼵Ŀ϶Ĵ𰸣ϲ̵Ļȥ˵Ϣȥˡ
ΪҪǨԵʣһʱᣬǿ϶ܲнȥˣҲǷǳżġ
ҪʤǱߵĶںʤǱ̸ԺǱߴӦްµĽʱˣ󷼵ĳȴڱˡ
ڶһ磬ոʱ󷼾ͼҴҳŴȥ
һΣ󷼴̷˺̷һ˴
󷼴˴ӼԴ峤˵Լӵһ󶩵Űѳõ顣
峤Ҳֱӵ󷼰ֱȸ㻮һأ˸ҪȽҲȥ豸߳Ǳߵ豸պþ˹ˡ
󷼴ӦԸ̷˺̷ȥһЩˣû߽֮ĻƣǮ⣬ӡ
̷˺̷˴ҲвˣЩ˶ûй׬ǮĻᣬǿ϶Ըɵģϱңݶˣܹ׬ǮĻᣬ϶Ըġ
󷼼ŽӣǮĸһЩڴҲѯһԸɻ˶ɻ
ģ󷼴Żһͼ㵽ʱ˰ͼ衣
󷼰ͼ˾˿˿˶˵û⡣
ˣ޽ӵʱ򣬶Լ޵ģ޽һСȫû⡣
޽ӵĺשש߳õĻש߳һҹҵĳӣΪ˻վĽ裬ĹԱ˴һк԰۵ļ۸񣬾һĺש
Զඩһĺש޽ݵשͷҲˡ
Ǵ£ڻվķӣɵӲŲ޽һЩء
Ǵ޽پ޽٣ʱվ޽ãŷӣһš




85.  85   ҵ

ȥе֤ͨû, ҴĽӣѾﱸò࣬Ҫʼɻˡ
Ϊøһ, ڼԺ˶æ˸ɻɷǳǽֵģæһæɻ
ȷмˢ, Ȳݸİǿ٣ָ˺üĸĽ, 󷼵ͷ, µʩͶ
˳, ܱ߻˰칫, ¥, ʳõȡ
ЦʱܹռصĻɵӲŲռأ
Ժֵռؿɾˡ
Щ, Ѹ󷼵, ֻҪ󷼳һЩ˾ͺˡ
˴󲿷ֻǲ, ûʲô, Ǵӿ߳, л׬Ǯ, Ƕϧ׬ǮĻ, Ҳѹ˵Ļ硣
֪󷼲Ҫ޽һ, ж޽¥ʱ, ǷǳȵģɵûٵǮ
󷼱ʾǮûԺҲͷˡ
ʱ׬Ǯͦ׵, 󷼸˹ԪǮһĸ߼ۣһ¸һ˾׬ʮԪǮˣɵӲŲء
ۣȷѸĴ˶Ľˣ˶ѯȱȱˣֻҪڿʵˣ󷼶öԷɻʱҪһʶֻ˼˵ģ峤ϱƣ󷼰ƽԷɣô峤ϱҼ˰æһ¹˵ķˣҲΪ˸峤£ϵȻЩݹϵҪϵãóõά֡
һʯĺͺש󷼵ĳҲʼ
ʱ˶ǳʵۣܱ߹ֻжʮԪһµĹʵĴ̼£󷼵Ǯôɻǳ
󷼵ĳֻһ壬ʮ̨豸ĳеģȥй豸ʱ򣬵豸˻Ųᵢڡ
ڹ˸˰µĻԺȷ˰µĹǮõǮԺ󣬹Ȼøɾʮ㣬ҲˣϰǸˣ˵ô๤ʾ͸ôĹʣõóǮ
ʱ֤ͨҲ֤ͨ׼ȥˡ
˵ҪȥУ˼٣һȥС
򵽻ƱԺ󷼺̤˻𳵡
ʱĻ˼ˣʵ̫ˣ󷼺ƱȺＷȥҪԤȺС͵͵ԼǮƣνʮֵˡ
ȺòԼλϣλȴѾˡ
ֻһһӣһӵĸŮˣԭ󷼵λϣһ԰ŵλãһŶͷɢ͹⣬һ˫۾һֻһήŲӵ˸λ
󷼺Ů߹˿һ۾ƿĿ⣬󷼺һ¡
󷼺ĵͬ־˵λǵλã鷳һ¡
Ů˿һۣƲƲ죬ֻʶƨɸŲһ¡
Щͬ־ŵλãǵλá
ŮԱ۾ǲ뿪λá
Щˣզռ˱˵λˣٲÿҾȥг˾ˡ
һ˵г˾˶תͷݺݵĵһۡ
и̫ˣûһźڵˣܲе㰮ģǾҵĺӵ𣿡
ĪĺӵʲôϵҪҪȥƱƱˣֻҪǮƱ𣿿⻰˵ģһƱ˰һƱô㺢ӵˣ
Ӵ˵ãһƱ˼ҴŶأ಻ףλø˼ôˣⲻӦõģ
ôģ㵹ǰλøǰ
ǺĴƲƲ죬˵ˡ
ʱȥѳ˾˹˼״ֻܴһԵλվվʱԾɶݺݵ󷼺ۣŷ
󷼺ɲˣԼţֱ˹ȥ
˼˵ĻϣܹиλǺˡ
ʱƱʱϵü󷼺ûƱ

ԺһԵĻϣ½½ٵˣ˼ˣ˴һѵһҲûôˡ
һԣиվԺ󣬶ݺݵĵһ󣬼ȫǣиһͿʼһԵСŮ
ŮֻģŮòҽһǶÿ̲סˣŮҲûôŰӵģզ
иݺݵĵŮզˣƨ£
裬أˣ裬һԵģ裬ˣ裬ҳԵ١
СŮ޵úòңиȴû֡
һԣиŵЦĵúãСѾͷ͵úúụ̀ܽûõѾͷƬӣҲǱ˼ҵģһǮúúù̡ܽ
˵Ż۾㶾һ󷼺񣬺á󷼺Ƶġ
󷼿ȥˣһѰСŮŮˣǲĸס
иЪ˹ҹܽŮզˣҵĺʹ
󷼶Ů˿˼ۣЦһ˭֪ǲģôɵĺӣôź㳤ò񣿡
󷼱˵˵ԽŮǸ۵иԼֺͷȫǰСŮȻݣǳһŶ쵰һ˫۾ִԲƤҲɹڵƤôǰ˳ò
ʶһԵŮԼ˵˹ʱ˹ȻĿ˸֮ɫһ
иææĵʲôģģģúֶ񶾵˵ûһͬġ
˵Żʶ涵СŮųһԵĳἷȥ
󷼼ⷬΪԽ϶Ů˲Ծһ°Ѻץסߣ⺢Ӻǳһ㶼⺢ӿ϶ǹģĸĸӵģ
ʶӵֱۣӵֱϵģźòһûֱٰϣһ޳˰һô
󷼵ӣզģ
衭üģ
⻰ɵһ
һԣиͶͷܵ˻һԳȥˡ
ۼ¶Ҫ֮ززǰСŮҲһԡ
󷼶Ϻһץסˣ˷ӣ
Ƕͷ⻰֮ɫһӶͳһѵӣݺݵĵµĳӣӿ㣡
˵Żͷ󷼵ķ򾹳˹
һɫò԰ˣ˵ĵӿУ
һԣȺĵӣʶһԶȥۿžҪˣʱһžװ˷ĳ߹ۿ˶˵ӣ˷һţһ³ųֵˣĵӱߵһµڵϣǰӶȭͷȦͰѶͷ˵ϡ
󷼾겻૵ллллλ磡
һ̧ͷһ¿һϤݣɴۣΰ




86.  86 ˷   86 ˷ӡ

ʱ, žװľһתͷ󷼶˸š
˿һְۣ˫ַ򿿱
ͬ־, û°ɣ
󷼵û¡
ʱϸǰˣǰ˴һӵ, Ȼٺΰüһǰֱ, , Ȼ, ǰ˲ΰ, ӦΰǸ˫ֵ̥ҵ
ǰ, һ˵ͬ־ǳлæץ˷, ˺͸ո߹ȥǸиӦһġ
Զ, һ˾ѿʼǸиҲһѺ˹, иͱץסĶͷʱɫҰ
ͬ־, , , ǲ˷, ѾͷƬӻġ
˵Ż, иݺݵĵһԵСŮ, Ѿͷ˵˵, ȻؼҴ㡣
һԣŮ˾⻰ɫһ䣬Ҳעͺ˵
СѾͷһɪ촽һ仰˵
иĵҾ˵ˣⱾҵĺӣҸʲô˷ӣԱǸͬ־𱨼پ
ͷҲŵŵĵҲҪ˰ҾǱԩˣ治˷ӣҲҪˣҾǺλŮͬ־ЦأԣԣҾǿЦġ
˾󷼣󷼵ѣͬ־Ȳõҵ飬ͬ־ǿӣ⺢ƤƤٺһҲٿӵϣ˵Ż˺ӵ䣬ôӳ˺ۣ˵λŮͬ־üģ˵ģһĺӵĸף˭üԼּôĺۼ
һԵĳ˿⻰ɵͷ
λиһ⣬ͶŰλСѣĸ׿϶ġ
ʱһλúĦǣšҲ֤
գиͷˣԼλСŮˡ
˶ץˣһ󷼰ղſˣ´οɲˣԼİȫҪ
󷼵ͷ㣬ܾˣ´ҿ϶ġ
һԣλš˺ȻչλŮǸղź¸ҰһŮɲҺ˷Ӷš
󷼳΢΢һЦˣֻҪ飬ź˸ࡣ
ǰ˴һӵǻһǴ۹ˣɲ˼ᡣ
λŮջƣлƽ𱦣ҺλŮʶһѽ
ҽ󷼡
񣡡
λŮҲǵ𣿡
ǵȷС
ƽóһǶŽߵ֣ǿɴˣҲǵУҵƬλŮУʲôҪĻѽ
󷼽ӹ֣ƽ𱦣һó׹˾ľͷòƺţƵģ
Ժ󷼺Ķ³λƽ˹˵Ķ档
λŮǵȥʲôѽȥǶѽ
ȥ
ƽЦһ£ȥûλһƷòͲףҾӪó׹˾ʲôУĺûλŮҪʱ˵һ仰С
⻰һüëҪʱҪ鷳ˡ
ӦõģӦõġ
λʼĶʶϲ֪ϼǱԺԽˡ
Ȼƽȥʱ󷼳üŪۣЦãƼˮѣ;ģһ仰ˡ
ƽͦ󷽵ģȥ˳Ժ󣬴׷ڵĻϵ׷ͦģ˺֮ģζĶȻƽʱ·ߵС깺ʳǵǮԸǮһݷ
ƽ𱦰ѷݹʱ󷼰Ǯݹȥƽƴһ£󷼺ִҪǮֻܰǮˡ
극Ժ֮ǰĳ˾ѲˣһŵĻҵ
ҵ߹ʱ򣬿һۣæ˽סͬ־н˵ǲ˷Ӱʹ˷ӣҲǸӶչˣ̫ˡ
ҵ˵ȷ˷ӣˣнˣһġ
õģлˡͬ־㽻һϵʽ𣿡
ҵһ£һ绰롣
󷼰ѵ绰ù˰
ߺߣ绰룬ʱٰ˺شܸΰ˺úõһ֮ˡ
뵽˱𴩣󷼵Ͳһֺǡ
ҹ٣󷼹һ·ʼſλϢ
Ȼᣬֳ;УһҹĻҲȷװġ
һ첻ֱ˱÷ǳܡ
ڵ˵ڶ磬гܵУʱ򣬾ͿԺúϢˡ
˯һѾ˵ڶˣ󷼺ȥһóԼķ棬׼ȥȥ
һԣƽ𱦵ʲô
з棬ֱÿˮһ¾ܳԡ
⻰ƽ𱦵۾ðȵĹâܸһҳǮ򡣡
󷼵ã͵ģԼĶֻҪ㲻ͺá
ҵȻ
ǣҲ˻ƽһ棬ƽ𱦰ɾԼ˲ֵķУȥһԵˮӦˮڷٻصλϡ
󷼻صλԺóɽţĹӣţ͸ɽţոóһȺ˵۾ƽ𱦿ƿʳһҲۣӴιʲôöͬ־ԸҷһЩ𣿡
󷼵ȻԣܳԼɡ
ܰرܳ
˵ŻӹȥɽţֱӾﵹȵ˲٣ٰѷиӸǺãѧһʼʱ䡣
ͬ־棬Ҫݶð
ܿģݸӣͿԳˡ
ӣǵȷܿ찡
˵Żƽȴ̲סһٵĳŷ˵Գˣһԣƽ𱦺񶼼͵İѷеĸӸˡ
ɲʱһ˱ǵζƽ̲סһ㰡
һ̣ӣ𷽱͡
óԣóԣȾؼ̫ˣţ⣬̫ˣӴ滹һЩɰײأҲݺ𣿿̫ζˣóԣ

ƽ𱦵۾ð˽⡣
ʱҶ׬Ǯ¶ĳҵȤ
Ȼƽ𱦴ڴڳ귽棬һԣü˶Χ˹λͬ־ӴһˣǸǸɽţ⣬Ҳ𣿡
󷼵Ҫ𣿷һԪǮһ
ɿϵȥӪˡӪͨһԪһ룬һԪһ롣
ҪҪһԪǮһ
С
һԵ˸ǮóԼĴһ
ܿ죬ʮ档
סЩǮһ
һԣƽ𱦵ϣ¶ԽõЦ




87.  87    87 㡭

Щ򷽱, ͬʱҲвţɡ
ֱӽԼţ˳˷һ˷һ׵
Щˣ͵ﻹ, һµƽˣæ󷼵л
󷼵ҵҲ, мԪǮһƿɽţ, ԪǮһƿ, ҶƷ, ζġ
ڵǼ, ţ, ˿˿ţɣĶ󲿷˶ԣţֻǮˡ
󷼵û뵽Լڻվ
˶Ĳ, ʱ, ƽ𱦲ſʼ˵
ƽ𱦵, ͬ־, ţ, Լ𣿡
󷼵ͷ, , ǵ, ䷽, Լ˸Сӣţɡ
ƽϵЦԽԣ, ûȤͶʣҿͶĳӰһѳӹģٰѹ˾˾ȫȫ磬ǵȲƷ㿴Σ
ôһ仰һЦ
ôͶʷ
ƽ𱦵ͬ־ڿ˼ߣ
飬ЩһѾϾ֮ǰ˹ȥУǵһβɹе˹
󷼵ȥУҪɹе豸ҵţɣѾԽͶʡ
ƽЩź۾һתҪרľӪţ⣬ҲǲԵģ෴ЩʳƷȫȥҲһ״ﵽأʱ룬϶Ҫһ̣УרľӪţ⣬ǿ϶ûôʱ;չⲻǣ룬ţɵ⣬Լ⣬ǿ̸̸
ôз棬ʲô߼
̵ĻѷţɵĻҳ۸ңĲƷаװͳۣΣڷĻҳʽͶʣ䷽ҸӪۣռ߳ɵ棬ռɵ棬Σ
ʧЦҡͷų̸£ûг⣬ȫұ˺ȫûбҪ
ʤ񻹴Ͷĳأһʳӣ϶ԸԼĹȨϡͳȥ
ϾҲûбĺġ
һԵĵ泧ҲǿͶʵģҵֳǣҲԸͶʵġ
ƽæ𣬱Ůʿɲνзݣ潨㳤ͶʣǲϱˣŮʿȨϡͿɲùѽĲ롣
Ҫģʵڿ⣬϶ñ˷һ
ϣǿûбأȻŲ۵СʳƷĺôҲʵڵġ
෽㰡ңųԣųԡ
Ҫζá
ƽаգֻҪΪͶʣ϶ܹƷûռг
ȲٵĸˣЩǲһƬгģǻƽ𱦼̣ȻǸģ۽ȷ
Ҳǳ
𳵣ôõһ
󷼵г⣬˵һ׵Ͷʷ
ƽһתҧǰڴͶʽʮһ泧óʽ𣿡
ĿҪ
Ŀһۣҧҧĵҳʮʽ𽨳
Ǯ豸ţɳأòǮ泧ˡ
òʽˣҪڽҵţɵߣҿԳ䷽Ҳܳʽ𡣡
ƽ⻰ϲ¶ЦݣȻˣǱռɣŮʿռɣŮʿռһɡ
У
һļּۻۣգƽռɵĹɷݣռĳɹɷݣռɹɷݡ
ھĹϵ㿪ھеʱһЩ֤ʲôİ֮࣬
أ϶Ǵͷ
ƽҧͬȨ䷽ģⲻ٣ֻ󷼺ѣԼ˻𳵣ȥǩһݺͬӵĽҲ飬Ҵ壬ʱվǨҪֱӰϻߡ
̸⣬ϵ׽١
ƽҪȥһǮЩۣһתЩ⣬Ȥ𣿡
ʲô⣿
ƽЦóģǱһױƷ·еӱгȣ׬Ǯ⣬ҶѽλŮʿҪҪû
⻰Կһۡ
ʲô۸񣿡
ƽ𱦴һԵĹİóһϳǿҵĳ۸񣬸Լ˵ļ۸񰡣Ҿ׬һѡ
󷼿˿۸Щ뷭ۣǺöھĽԺһ¾Ϳ˼۸Ĳ졣
Ҹ˵ϷĵӱǼ۸Ƿǳģǰս۵ģЦЦĿ˻ƽһۣݹļ۸һ»һ԰ļ۸
ƽﰵϲһ۵ģӴ۸ҵĸΰ˭ǺأðɣðɣҾ͵λŮʿˣѡ
һ⻰֪Լļ۸Ǹˡ
ҪģָָһЩϡȱȽһĻһ¡
뷨ҲֻһĻһ¡
ԶԻױƷ֮ȤһױƷΪ⡣
ڿҪ³ǰ̸žװҵ߹˵λǺã
ͬ־ã
ģǸСŮµĽչˣҾбҪ˵һ䡣
󷼵Σ˷𣿡
ͷǵģȷ˹ǸСŮ
СŮĸĸҵ𣿡
ǸиСŮļķиõ͵֤ڹ˼ƣ͵͵ı˼ҵĺӣ͵˼ҼеֽˣȻԺиպźӣԼԼŮԺ󣬾ͿʼĥСŮˣŮ˼ңû˹ŮӤΣٴλԺǷ޴ѺӴԶһȥʹѻŪмúӸǮƣҿǣȻǴԺֻºӾͻᱻŪзϡ
⻰ҲΪĺһ亹
Ҳ˷ݵƣӸˣȻӵһӶٵˡ

Ͼܹķ˼ңҾ϶ġ
˼ҵĺӣ϶ҲǷǳ谮ġ
ԭһ˴ߴĥӵĸĸʹ
ҵ˵תͷˡ
ȵվ³ʱ³ʱ򣬱㿴һһŮһԵĳ˾ȥʱСŮҲ˹ŮСŮɲǣһ¾§ס˺ӣĿ
˾պÿ󷼵ˣͶŮ˵˼䣬󷼵ָָ
ϧʵ̫ˣ󷼵˵Ӱܿ챻ȺһӵĸĸҲûüл
˻վڻվ棬δɽսѵϱѾӣڵ󷼵ˡ




88.  88   88 

󷼺űո߳վ, һԿһӵŮˣŮ˵дšӭ󷼺ͬ־
߹ȥ, ͬ־󷼡
Ů¶Цݣ, ã, , ȳվ˵
, 鷳, ͬ־
, 󷼺˳ȥ
˳˻վ˷ܣ, ҪȥĻе, պҼҲǱ, ʱ, ҿԴȥ
ǿ̫鷳ˡ, һ, , , ʲôס޵ĵط𣿡
Ǳͨù, Ҳд;Ƶ꣬ƵǸ̿ľƵ꣬ȫҪһЩ, ǷøһЩͨùݵĻסôãоڵСùݣΰôãʲô˶УȥסͨƵ꣬ƼλȥҼｫһ£밲ȫõġ
󷼺һ£վȥס̵ľƵ꣬ȫҪ
ڳʻһԺ󣬺ȻͣƱԱ˼˳⼸˸ƱԱһ𣬳һСȥ
ϾҪվˣû֤ͨȥǼӦû֤ģƱԱ·ء
󷼺ĿһȺˣһȺ˳һһ󣬺ܿʧ˵ϡ
Ծɼǰţȵ˼վͣ쿪ʼϳм飬󷼺æ֤֤ͨ˳ȼ󣬳ӷУǰ˳ȥ
ӿȥ˴ԶƱԱŴ˴һԵС˹
ֱΧĸ¥ý˵ǰ󷼺ʼŴ
¥߰深
ŵͷ˴ñȽǱߺò٣ɫҲǱߵ˺ò١
ǿ϶ģľ÷չã϶ЧãǳԵúã϶øá
˳һĹһƵǰ
ƵǰʯܹǵĵӰǰݻˮƣһŵĿŮվͬʱ˾Ϲӭ٣
һλıֱС߹λס𣿡
ǵģһ䣡
󷼺һҪһ䣬һиӦ
λȺúϢһ磬ڴõλʱλӷϴ
ˣ󷼺˧ľƵԱæŰõݣ͵˾Ƶʮ¥
Ƶķʰ÷ǳʣŵ¹ԡȣһԵĲ˸ʪһܴԡףδϴԡƷڷŴزеӻ
񿴼ӻѽ裬еӻһǴʵ磡
ڽǵԼļҲûӻء
һԵķԱ˰ѵӻ򿪣ֱûʲô˳ȥ
ȷԱ뿪ԺһϣӴǵɴҿرôһŴ
󷼵λȥҿǿһЩȥ˵ģɫӻǸϴ»۸ʺϣǶһ̨ȥ
ʱܹһ̨ڰ׵ӻǿɾͺ˲ˣʵˣǮҲ˵ĺö
ʱĲʵǽڵĲʵ磬ûһϵʵˡ
żѧԺ󣬼һ̨ӻһڼʱ򣬺ôиƵĶ
ϴһԺֽ˿ͷݷˡ
ԱֱŲͳݷˣһصķˣ⣬һţţһݰˣһϲһСˮȣŷǳʢ
ʳһ٣ֱȥϴԺ˯ˡ
ڶһ磬ˡ
λ緹ҪȥпǱвٱصɫ㡣
󷼺ȥأӦ
һš
Σֱӽһ⳵ֱӳпȥ

ߵķ޷ݡ
糿ļϣ˼ˣŵСԵģҲڽֱһССԵģҲߣ·Ьģ߲ˣӱ־С֮ġ
һЩͷΣģɺѵģűÿ
߹ȥѯһ¼۸һЦŵƷһԪǮ
Ҫ˵ʲôһסˣӣǱг
󷼺Կһۣɾȡ
ڿƯƷһ¾ĶˣҪ֪ŶЩֹƷôӱԾɺܻӭЩС𿴼Ǯ󣬵ǻٳɶ࣬мҲв
ߵһ̯λ󷼶ŵӱţгˡ
ߵ·ȣϿʽ⣬۸Ǳ˵̲סǮ
Ϊиг˾ʱȥ˵
緹һҰ̳ԵģܣҵСóԵһӶǲζÿߣΪôһڡ
˵ôţҲȤ߽һ˵һСһࡣ
󷼵Ϻһҧȥζ˲СҧסԼͷ
óԣ
˲ǵˣǱոպãʳ㹻ʣ˻ζ
ȳ극˿ʼŻеȥ
ǰк˵еԺ󣬵ȱ֣Է߽ȥˡ
ȼԺ󣬳飬Ůʿ֮ǰѾ˵ˣǳܹҪĻǵߣǮ桭
󷼵ǮֻҪʣ϶⡣
˫ʼ̸ͼǮ
кδɽĹϵ˫Ǻ̸ܿ£ˣԷҲӦһʱ󷼰ѻ
ǩúͬ󷼸ֶԺ󣬱̸ˣֻԺ󣬻еȥͬʱԷȥװ
󷼴㿪ߣţɵߣôʮ̨һʮ豸ѡ
һжֵõġ
ߵЧʣ˹˦˺ܶ֡

̸Щ豸ѯһĻļ۸
ʵ㣬ҪըȹգѯԺ󣬷ּ۸ĻҲû˵ʲôˡ
߳˻еȥг֡
г˼ʶʲô˼ˡ
ģרŰģҲܻģйȺȣϺ¥һһӿȺ
󷼵߽ȥԺһһĹţƷǳȫʲôг۵ģҼ۸˷Ķ
ֻ˼ң˾;ҪѶǮꡣ
ȥתͷܷһʣɵӲŲء
һȦûпӻ֮ġ
ѯͬ־ôûʵ֮İ
⻰̾ϢЩֻһòӻĻʵֻнڵģ·أҵŪһʵ磬תһ̨ϧû·ʹǺڰ׵ӻҲǺѵõģڰ׵ӻҵЩ·




89.  89   89 

˵ڰײʵ·, Ȥ
ԼˣҲȴԺ, ʹ󷼺ȥһҳӸǰ
ͨԺһԱ˳, ԷЦƳ, Ҵ, һЩ, Ǯ⡣
Ƴ⻰, ¶Ц, ڿⷿ
ʱĺڰ׵ӻ, һ̨ҪǧԪ, ʮĴĵӻ, , ۸ʵ̫, еĶ׸, ̲סɴ۾
ƳЦ, һһ̨, ȫ, ĻʱûУҪĻͰ۸ǡ
Ƴ˵ļ۸, г۵һ뻹Ҫ
ӻûɣ
ڵĵӻֻЩӻǹ˹ʱװĻ˽óģͳĻһģһûʲô𡣡
ʱأ
һʱ֤顣
󷼷ˣڹ˵ĹԾɲߣ˽Ҫʲô޹أ˵׬Ǯ·ֻҪԼ׬Ǯˡ
ѯƷĳ۸ԺԽһĻĶˣû£ҪȱǮ
ٰܹŪȥ۳ȥͶ뵽泧ʽת۾ܷ
ôһ룬󷼵һ
˵Ҫһ£ˡ
磬󷼺һһٷԺһʦ
֪Ҫһ̸һ⣬ͦģҲûʣһ£иø磬պǸʦҽܸǡ
øֺһǱˣеȸӣͦصġ
Ժ󷼴˵һǺͻƽ𱦵ĺҪֺæֺͬˬĴӦ
Ժ󷼺һ𣬴ʦȥƽ𱦵ó˾һƽȥˡ
˻Ժ˫ԼڶڶԷĹ˾棬󷼺һӣһ˻ƽ𱦵ó˾
ƽеĽһ¥ܱ߸¥˼ŹİɫҴ߹һпġ
ҵ¥Ժ˵ֱ˻ƽ𱦵Ĺ˾
ǰ̨ǼԺ˱˻ҡ
˾Ĺģƽ𱦿Ųƭӣ˷ˡ
Ժ󣬻ƽ𱦷˳
ˣƽ𱦺ЦλŮʿǺãλǺã
󷼵λǵʦֺǵĺͬû⣬ǿǩͬˡ
ƽ𱦵ԡ
øȥӡͬȺͬӡԺ󣬵ݸ˹ۿ
󷼵˿˿ͬûֵݸֺ˿
ָֺż󷼵˽һ£գ⼸޸ġ
󷼺ﰵľҲôʦȻһǩͬһ˫ˣֻԻƽ𱦴ٵĺô
ƽ𱦼ͬµ©Ҳ˿Σ͵ӴЭͬˣǵĺ϶һֱȥģǵʲô
󷼺Цһ£ÿɷ
Ⱥͬǩ˫ĺ̸˶һ
ƽ𱦵죡
󷼺һ֡
ƽ𱦵ΪףǵĺλŮʿһɡ
ƽ𱦴ˣȥó׹˾µĳֺⷿʦҪæµˡ
ȿⷿ򿪣ƽЦĶѡһߡ
󷼿˿ڷ˲ٵĵӲƷӻֵӱȣ澹ڷ˲ٵĲʵ磬ϴ»֮ġ
һ۾Ϳһ̨ʵ磬Իƽ𱦵һһ̨ʵؼãã
ƽЦһ£¿ǶԼˣʲô᲻õģ
ÿɷ񣬵Һʹûʵ磬ڰ׵ӻʲô۸񣿡
ƽ𱦿΢̧ͷһ߰䵭ģͰ־֪ǾĹٶбԺԽˡ
ԣļ۸񣬾ģܵļ۸Ҫˡ
󷼶ԿһۣԽˡ
ƽ𱦣ӲƷʱۺ𣿡
ƽ𱦵ǵȻǶ泧ӳĺûʵ˵ɣҳǵĻҾո·ѣһû׬ϾڣǼˣԼ˲ǣ

ƽ𱦷ĻˣôһĲ˵󷼺Ϊͬǵ񣬶ɢ˲١
Һʹһ˴һ̨ĵӻĻֵӱҲǸٽϴ»Ҳһ̨㿴𣿡
ƽ𱦵һ̣ǣֵˣҪֽڸǮ
У
ƽȥ˸ȡǮһֽǮԺһַ
Լĵĳȥ󷼺һ
ϣƽҪ˽ӷϴȥеҹ
󷼺Ҳ뿴еķʹӦ
ƽд˳ԷԺ˱ǰĵķشȥ
·һùݵʱʱһŮ˱ù˺˳
ùݵϰǸˣŮ˵ʱһ񣬵Ϲʧ˵Ļʲôɣ
Ůһڵģһѣӣŵһ˫ĲЬ
Ů˵Ϲ绰ȥʱ򣬾˵סùݣԴסùݣûˣأǰϹҡ
ӹԶ㣬⣬ϹԼȣ˭֪ǲ㳤óתͷˣƨ£
ۿ˴˳ҪˣĲ̣æȥסס֣ٴǾͱˣ
ùϰһ˫۾ģۣȿһԵĻƽ𱦣ƲƲ죬Ťͷˡ
£Ӳˣ
˵ŻкһԵ߽꣬ùȥˡ
ϵŮ˹ò˵л
æˣӦȥ
ŮҡͷҲˣأϹ˵һֱסùݣȷ˻ؼң϶뿪ùݵġ
һϹģ
Ů˵ͷϹǷ޽ǮһһԪһȥġ
ϧһûϢ
һݣ̾˿ͬ־һŮͬ־ȥˣûõģز죬⣬ȾɣΪļˣҲҪ֤Լİȫ
Ůһ࣬󷼵лˡ
Oߺ󣬻ƽ𱦿ٴˣߵԶˣƽ𱦲ŵʬܶģܲʧٵҲҲˣŮͬ־ǧҪע⣬ȥסСùݡ
æл
ֱߵСԺƾɵСùݱ˦һԣ̻Ի͵ҹܻᡰҰõ塱Ҳǰ
ƽЦŵҹܻᣬԳʱ㳪ѶҵģɱΪʡǮ
ֻǺЦ
ûнҹܻᣬֻǼʶ




90.  90   90

ʱҹܻһ, ǰһ̨̨衣
̨ĵƹ⻹ǲģƺ֮, ԽԵ̨ϷŮɷ次
߽ȥʱдԸб¶ȹӵŮ߹·Ȱ쵽һԵλ, ƽ𱦵һƿͶƣһЩ̵, Ů¶õЦ, ȥɻȥˡ
ƽһԽ, , кǫ̃, ۸ˡ
˵ŻЦЦԼƽæ壬, ҿɲ, ƽʱ̸, һ, 
񵭵Цһ, ϰҲ, ʲôɣ
ôɣǿµĺ, µļ˰

˵, һԹ§Ů˵, ľŻƽ𱦵ϵ, ﷢ưӴȵϰûأ
ƽ𱦺Цϳ£λϰ壬λϰ壬λǾˡ
ôһ˵λϳ¹Ȼӣ˻˸ɫÿ־ء
ԭϰ壬ϰ壬ԺлᣬԶ
˵ŻݳƬ
˽ӹƬЩΣûƬλȥԺ󣬾͵ðƬˣ߽ͷҪðؼʱŲᱻ˿ᡣ
ƽ𱦵λϰǴʳƷ޹˾ϰ壬λϰǾĸ߸ӵܣҺλϰ齨һҷ湫˾ϰԺհ
ϳ˻ƽⷬܣԽĿˣλϰ壬ԺϵȻ̸ȸˡ
ϳ¾Ӫһҷװ˻һӪһƤЬҹܻĳˡ
Ժкü˹ͻƽ𱦴кȥ̨ϣĿҲʼˡ
ƯŮӴű¶·̨߳һԵֶӣֺǺǵġ
ڼ䣬п˵裬ȥ˿ʼ̨Ϻ
Ǻͦģֻ֪ͦҵġ
Ժ󣬻ƽѯ󷼺ȥԺԼֱ赸Ҳһӡ
ҹܻᣬﶼЦݣźֺͦǵġ
Ŀеһʱ̨һԣ˾ͻ
ȥ˷磬һ˷磬գ˫ôԴ˫ֺԼѹܿһƬ
ƽ𱦴˶һԣû£û£һͺˣһͺˡ
ƽ𱦻˵ûãȻ߹˶ˣգ˰ҹܻ򻵵ξƱ⳥ֱַһƣ˽⣬ҹ̨ܻ֡
ҹܻҲеŮһǳƵŮԣװ
ߵҹܻᣬǰһԵӦơ
ŮһԺü˹ȥƣƽæӴιСˣߣǹȥơ
С˭
Сİ֣һƬҶֱģ˭ʲô֤֮࣬æһʲôѣֻҪģܻС㣬˼ҳа˺ü󳡣Ĵϰء
ƽȻС·ӣžƱȥˡ
һԣü˹ȥƣǶС㵭Ĵˡ
ƽ𱦴˹ȥܵСãҴҵĺ㾴ˡ
Сã
С㿴ˣ˲ģ˼£
ƽ𱦺мܳ
С󷼵Ǵģ⣿
ǵģǽǹġ
ܺáڸҴŮ˿ɲࡣ
ҲҪǰߡŮ˴˼Ѳ֪٣ԣԽҪŬ
С⻰Խ󷼣⻰˵ĻԺУʲôѣҡ
ݸ󷼺һƬ
ٴΰգϧûƬһνύĻˡ
̸Ժ󷼵˻ȥƽ˷ܵĵСĿɽк飬ӴҪǴߣ벻ƶѰ
ʲô󣿡
ú󰡡˼ɽǱ߳а˼ġ˼ģϧˡ
ƽһ۵ģ
µǮ׬꣬׬£ƵĻỹںͷأ
֪Ժ֪ķƻᣬǾкܶᡣ
Ժ󣬻ƽ𱦴߳ҹܻᣬҹйһŰͻȥ
˴գ󷼺Լһ£ﻹǮûȻѵһΣǿ϶ҪǮ꣬Żȥġ
гɨһЩƷ֮С⣬ԺһҳǰһЩƤЬȥ
ҵԺԺ󣬳ĸ˳˲Ǳˣȴҹܻϳ¡
ϳ¿ˣһĸˣλϰ壬ǵ·ƤЬǺûʲôҪܿڣǺûûȥѵ׬Ǯ
һƤЬȿ𣿡
ϳЦȻѽߣҴȥⷿ
ϳ¿һȥ
ϳº˿ƤЬڶߵĽƤЬϳ´˴ӺŽȥ
ôǰŰ
ǰߣǴϱдһͻʵڲ˼ίλˡ
˵˼дͻֻò˵ʲôˡ
˿ⷿ˿ʼ
ƤЬĻﻹͦȫģʽҲǳÿ䲻ٵĺɫƤѥžͷǳ
ٿȻȫţƤġ
󷼵Ьʲô۸񣿡
ϳ˵һ۸񣬱Ƥ΢һ㣬ǹйԵʣȷǺö
ûж࿼ǣ󷼺;Ҫˡ
ϳµһֽǮһֽҺôҶãȽǮǷ
С
󷼺һ˽ǧ˫ƤЬһҲԪǮĻˡ
ȻЩ϶Ǻܶ࣬Ƕͨ˵ҲһǮˡ
󷼺ȥȡǮϳ°ͻˣ󷼺񷢻
һĻ͵ϣ߿ʼǮϳ¡
Ǯһ룬һٿ
ϳЩͷӴʱ䣬ʲôÿģⲻ𣿡
󷼻Ǽ֣
˵Żϳµ̬ȣֱӴ˻ĳһӡ
ϳҪȫˣǻ򿪣װЬӵһӴ̱ǵζһ󷼿ƤЬһµɴ۾ԾⲻţƤ
ϳ⻰Цһʲô⣬ⲻ𣿿Ǯϻ
վǲҪˣ
ϳ⻰ЦһǿɲǣȻѾ̸ˣǿ϶ðѻߣӵ˷ôʱģ
˵Żϳ֣һ԰æװĹˣΧ˹
ļˣ󷼵ɫһ±ˡ
ҪʲôǷᣡ
ϳЦһµĹŮѣŲӰǴֱӵ˵ȥ
󷼺⻰ɫ÷ѿû뵽ϳһĺˡ
Թ԰ѻߣǵƤڵˣ϶˱




91.  91   91

󷼺ôû뵽, ˻ϳˡ
ϳµֶΣԼռǸѰɷ޹Щõϰ嶾һٵŮ, 󷼺Խľѡ
˳£ںϳʱ򣬲ûϸϳµƷ, ĺ
󷼺ԿһۣҧǷ, ʱ, һƷ˺Ȼ˹
˿Ժ, һļ, , ͬ־ãڻץ˷ӵ󷼰ɣǺӵİְ֣ҽμ, ǹֵ̾ľֳ, ͬ־, , һұúøл, һֱûҵ, û뵽㣡
󷼺񿴵μ, ϵϲɫһ, æ, ξֳӻ𣿻ؼһӦ𣿺ӻСԺúչ, һ԰Ѻú㡣
ξֳͷҺҰҲôģˣһֱ뵱л㣬ǳԸ𣿡
󷼵Ȼԡһ£һ鷳
μһԵϳ¡
ϳȻʶμ˵ģЦݣֺõĵӴҵ˭ԭξֳξֳԭͬ־оɰͬ־ҪξֳĹ˵ӴǴˮ
˵Żϳ³һԵļʹɫ˸Ͻѻߡ
󷼲ϳĵͷߣҲμ˵ξֳм£ϣܰæ
ʲô£ͬ־㾡˵
֮ǰӻغԺ󣬵ȥ̽˵Ϣ뿪ˣΪվһ棬Ȼ֪󷼵ĳ࣬Ҳʹ˾֪󷼵
֮ǰֻŮһӣǰѺ۵ģںһأϴȻ۵˼¡
ܹˣǸ˻
󷼵ϳﶩһԭƤЬӣһתͷƤЬȫζܴƤ
μ⻰æϳ£ϳ£ôһ?
μǹֵ̾ľסμΪ󷼳ͷϳȻΪСӵĳǿ϶ҺμԣȻĳӿȥ
ϳæŮʿˣû˼ȫᣬȿȣЩЬӣǵͼ۴ͬ־ģֻԭ۵İǮˡ
˵ֻҪ۾߻󷼺ﶼһЩ֮ϲ۸ǳʵݣؽǣƾЩЬӵĿʽһܺ
μ˵ĵ?
ϳ⻰æðۡȿȣŪ۸ˣֻҪԭ۵һɵļ۸Уǳɱˡȫ˰׸ɻյϷѡͬ־֮ǰĶ͹ˣ԰Щֱˡ
ϳ˵϶һſˣԣ̾ץһƤϾŪ٣ûٿˡ
ȻϳºҲк̨ҲξֱֳӶϡ
μ˵ͷͷһԣԱٰæװãֱӸ󷼺Ļ߷ˡ
󷼺һ
󷼺Ȼμһˡ
ϳ¿ǵͷߣҪ£浣ϳʹ
뿪ϳµߣæμ˵лξֳʵ̫лˣղҪ㣬Ǿͱϳ¸ˡ
ξֳҺܸܹﵽǣҪ˵ҺҰӦúúøлǲǣûǵİæҵŮ
˵
󷼺Źֵ̾ļԺȥ
μ˼ס¥μŵʱȿμվİŮ˵ʱŮɫЩɻ󣬵μ˽Ժ̫̫
μ˵ϱ÷󷼣ס󷼵ֵˣأݣݣǽСҪ㣬һӾ͡͡ٵˡ
˷ӵѾʳˣǴźߣѺ͵ɵȥ-ū߽ײ˳ͰѺͷٴȣúڴϰ׬Ǯ
ӻôС˷ӵóѣһӶڵ
μ˷˵ݣһ̾־ֳһҽԺҽС˵ĶŮԺ϶һġ
÷˵˷ӵʽ˵˷ӼԺӵΪ󷼺̲סһ
ʱܶ߻ƣ֮أҲ֪ټͥ˶ѡ
˽Ժ÷ĺӺ˳
ӿ󷼣ϲãǰİ̵ʱΪ˷ӳӶ֪ġ
Ӽ󷼣̲סĵ̣
˵ξֳ̲ס
ӱȻԺʱһ¶÷Ů񾯸ˣֺӵϣûһõģϣвٵ˺ۣ첲һ߳˺ۣŮ˷üģ̰ôСĺµĺ֡
ôһŮ˷ӣǵξֳͰҹؼķġ
÷ǼҸĹҲͣҲ·ЬӣǸŮˣôܹộôܹҵС䣡
˵Ż̲סźӣֵ
ӶԸĸһЩӡģ࣬ԼﻹһЩ䣬ĸĸײᣬ裬ޣ
⻰˵÷۵øѺ§øˡ
󷼺æοһˣҲǹˣԺһ˵ĺӰںͷأ
ԣԣӻںͷ
÷񣬴źӣһȺȥСľ¥Է
һͷǳķʢڲϣμҲԺ£ʲô飬һҪǼңǷܹæϵģ϶һæ
÷һ£ͬ־ͬ־һ֮룡
ͬ־뽲
ǼҵС䣬ôһѣŸףλǼҺо֮ҼҺӵĸ𣿡
⻰һ÷Щš
Ȼڲᳫ⽨ţǼҵĺܹͻǶ˿϶ܱӻǼҵĺӣǾŸףñӻӳ
󷼺⻰ȻӦ
˶ϲɵС䡣
ȻǺܺõģǶϲС䣬СɵŮǸ˶ء
ӻͳһøӣС䲻ʱЩҸӵģǰ˸ɮģӴţԺӻǼС佡ƽ󡣡
ξֳ˶ģһǺöһ£æлˡ
ںӺõĶǲܾ
óһʵĵĻƽҲӴϡ
ӴôʹãǾǼҺأôЩأ
ӦõģǸӵⰡ
ʵĽֵɲư
겻ǰܵôϸƽȻ֪Ǻö
ξֳмֻԺչ󷼺ˡ
󷼺ҲǼ˴ˣͳξֳݣһû·
һĹȣʼξֳǾ˿һˡ




92.  92    92 

ȳ극Ժ, ξֳѯ󷼺񣬵λͬ־, ʼϳûϳǸ˲ףŪ, Ҫûҵʶ׵ͬ־
󷼺Կһ, , ǿ̫лξֳˡ
ξֳ̫, ҿԺͺͬ־ˡ
ͬ־, һЩƤЬӣ
ξֳ, ЬӵĻǱߵĻʵ֣û, һҽܻӸʶ
Ǿ̫лˡ
Լ, òô
֪󷼵˸ʱ, 극Ժ, ξֳȥӵĳˡ
Ϊֵ̾ľֳ, ˶ʶξֳ, , ļ۸, ۸ϳǱߵŪٵļ۸񻹱, ǻȴ
󷼺۸ǳ⣬ˣ͸Ǯ˻, ˻ˡ
鶼ˣ󷼺ؾƵȥƵꡣ
ξֳ͵Ƶ꣬ȥ
˵ڶһ磬ξֳˣ˴С˲ٵĶǸ˴ز
÷һЩزûȥƷһ¡
󷼺ûƴǣˣ
ҲˣҲӵزƴǲֻܽˡ
ǰ󷼰ʦæķøź˻𳵡
һ˳Ǵջ񣬵ϣ˶˷ܡ
һԼĻƷһˣѻﶼˣǿܺݺݵ׬һˡ
󷼵ͷǰǺûﶼǺû϶
˵ŻɶһЦ
˻𳵻صǵʱ˷ֿԼļȥ󷼻
ļǮۿžͿˣʱ䣬Ҳʱˣ룬ҲӦˡ
һֱĸȻڣѾôˡ
һԳװѽˣӿˬ
һֱΪԽ˵ĸ飬˿û£Ĺϵô
ȻǶӣǽĸĸûֵܽãֵֶܽһѵĺӡ
Щ˸ӲűߵݣҪĹﰲŵùôĹλգֻΪںˣһ˲ıȡ棬ڣֻпЦķݡ
ЩͲֵá
ڵԼ׬ŴʵǮԼһԺ󣬺Ȼһʱ򣬲£˵ɺ⣬һͥľ޴ص˶˵ǼˣֻҪ뵽ˣԼӻԽɣͱƽ
ʵϣʱΣҵȷæ
ԴٷҲԺǮٷҾͱͬˮŮ˶̲裬߻װһ˶ףڽ˸ǰ˶С⣬ɶµģתͷŮ˶޲ðѶԷ
Ů˻ƣٷҼһҲ֪ͿĨʲôڵذϣǮȥԺ󣬽Ųһģһ»˵ϡ
ҲΪһǮ鶯̥ͼѪˣϷæɷһ𣬰ǮҽԺ˹ȥ
˿ļűأȻǮرС
ҲǮĺڱ͵ҽԺԺ󣬼ʹôһ£Ծɺúõ˱ͨӤ΢һ㣬Ҳû顣
ҪģһӤ
֮˾Ǯ鲻£ûԼĶչ˺ãúһ³⣬Ϸˡ
ˡ
ǰװֵĴӰ
Ϸ˿ڴӵϣǮҲ΢һ㣬Ϊ˺ܹˮҲһտиͺӡ
ȻˣϷ˶ԺӵϲҲڱ̫̫еĺӣҲˣ˶ѡ
õʱ򣬿԰ѺӵһﶺŪһ£Ҫãǿ϶ܺӵġ
ϾݵˣƽǳԺܵģʱҲɻأƾɶ˻ɻӰֲµĺӡ
ԣǮͺԺתͷûȥҽԺ
ͬʱԽԶϱˡ
Ϸ˾һ㶼£ųãȻܳԺȥԼӾסˣȻûлźĶӡ
Ůôµģ
˵ӣǰĶӣʱҪµģڱˣҲչ˱ˡ
תͷȥԺȥˣǸʱأϷ˲ûҵˣԽĲˣּ䣬ֻˡ
ǮԼһҽԺտӣϾŸո꺢ӣʱҲûչˣӿɲù亢ӵ򲼣˰æϴ
ԭĹ켣æտģϧģֻǰǵӺҰĶѡ
ҵȥˣͿˣҲΪԼӶԱԣǮֻԼһҽԺԺˡ

ڳԺʱ򣬽ˣźӣ¶ЦǮҲ˼ֵ飬飬ˡ
Ǯ齿ߵĵ磬Ϊ㣬ʲôԸ⡣
⻰ýԽˣȰѺӽӻؼңԺ󣬾ͽ̫̫ţô£Ӽ̫̫£϶ᷴԵİɣҲΪ˺ӵǰ̣Ͼ̫̫Ժա
Ǯָ׶ƤˣԾСģҶġ
ӶˣǲµĸûжӣʹԺԺһУǵĶӣٹһһıһԭŪȻλˡ
ǣ˸߸˵Ļؼȥˡ
ؼԺȻţҪȥҽȥһĿԷֻҽæ

Ժӵʱ˵ҲɣĦǵ·Сպôлˡ
񣬽Լǿ̰ûзģ̫ǿˣǮۡ
¹ȥˣԼӣԽԽˣˣԽԽʱкƯˣ˼Ժָֻĸ߸ϵĹٶһԽŸ߹󣬸߲ʣҲýǳĽ
һģ߲ʵŮˣΪߵģֻҪڣŮʲôԸ⡣
ԣҲѯһǷֱ࣬ӵǱ߱һĿͷȥ¬ҴкȻĿ
⻰תͷǰˣԽİ
ڴѧʱҲ˷棬Ż磬Ĵ⣬ͱζˣٿһٳˣ÷Ķġ
Ȼڣļȡʱ
񵭵ĵǸҲܰˡ
һ±Ȼˡ
Ŵܴ󣬺ȫ벻õôһһ㡣
㡭˵ʲô
˵Ҳܰˡ
⻰ϷǳİգԾԼôĵˣ񻹲Ͻȥãǳ񣬾ʵ̫ˣȫǮٷС⣬˼ңǲŮ˸еģ
ԾӣиϢҪ㣬ΪһӣʱӼ棬жˣСǾ͸û㿴Ƕӵķϣ˵ˣϽȥ¬Ǽ°ˡ




93.  93    񿴼

񿴼ȻԼȥ, ش
ǣˣ
ƾʲôΪͱŮµĺ, ϲ
ƾʲôΪܵʱûг, һڣԼðǰ棿
ĸĸһٵ, һ, һٵʱ, ˵һ仰û
ͷβ, Ƕ, ȴĹĹ
ûһĸĸȴʲôȡ
ûôѵĿԼԭĻôĿֿɱ
ʱ, İ, Ψһʣµһ㲻ҲΪҽ
񵭵ĵ, ս, ƾʲôΪ㿪˿, ҾҪʲôȥòȥ˵ʱ, ѵҵͲ𣿡
û뵽ȻôԼ, Ͼļ, , ֻҪ˵һ䣬ʲôˡ
ʱ̲סüͷ, ôôĲˣ㲻иõƾʲôҿң
⻰ԽЦ
ΪһһεദĻ̼ԼԼΪĸ飬һһЭһδεĽͣ˵ԼûԼҵĺ̼
ԼеķϣԼĸĸԼˣҲĸĸԼĸĸТ˳ϧǴͷβ˶ѡ
סĿɬĶԽǵģҾͲ£ǵģҾͿ㣬ǵģҾʹ㿿ҵ㣡
Ŀһѷѵıĵɣ죬ֵ㣬㲻ڳ죬Ҹ˽ӵ飬ԼŰ죡ϣǺþۺɢ
һȫˣʶĺһȫû뵽˵һ
Ҫ֪ǰóĻΪ˺ܻͷСʱˣҲϰˣ񵱳Ϊ˺ǻ󷼸˹͢ˣ
ڣ˵ŻĻһҲ˻ҵ
૵ں˵ʲôҡˣȻؼȥˣˣи㡣
˵Żһ̵һˡ
ŮӣɲĶþжϾģĮȻĵϾŵ֣㲻Ҿȥٱڳ죬˽ӣʱ㿴Ű졣
˵껰ѷš顱һ£ֱӸˡ
ڽѿɫͲںΧ
˵ڶһ磬Żͽ֤׼ʱ֣֣͵ˣŲȥ˿ģȦǳ״Ȼһûô˯
еӭĵ񣬱ˣϲǸӣҿ԰Ѻߣģ㲻ϲǸķǻһǡ
⻰Խı
еԼĺǸӣ֪˵Ļ
߾ͿԵǸӴû
Ǯ߾ͿԵǴûг
૵ǸŮ˹ҵģ޹أһֱĶ㣬ҲֻͷϣǸŮˡ
ʵϣԭڣ̯Ժ󣬽ҲѺӺǮߣҲͱָƽ˽£ԾǮǸӡ
ֱһȥ
ҲǲȥģоǮֱʡ
ʱĮĵˣĸĸһ𣬴ǵĴӣӴ˹ҪҸ֮ǰұǸķԸˣиķλĶϱ
˵껰ͷ߽֡
ɫҧҧһҪǲǴûпҺҵĸĸ
Įĵİ㸸ĸҵĸТļΣԼ֪
ȻôͲܺúùˣϹʲô
Ϲ֣ںͱķһˣˣһĶģһ¶Ը⡣úùӣνĺúùӣ׷Ĵ̼Ҵıˣսģ㵹úãʲôռǣ㰡һ⡣
˵껰Ҳֱ˹Աǰ֤
鵽ķϣΣֻҲ֤ݳȥ
ڰ֤ͦģܿͰ֤ˣϾ£ͦٵģŶӡ
õ֤Ժһִʯ䶨ʱһ
̫ˣڰһˣӴԺΪԼ
ڽһˣҪûԺ˵ӻΡ
ȥѹôһˣǣҲһռԼһıˡ
뵽ֱȥԼļ˴һ绰ĸɩ֪Ժ󣬿϶׷ԭҲû˵ʲôֻѽͱķ˯һ˽Ӷµ˵˳ǵĸֱһһѵ񵭵ĵ磬ҺԺûϵˣѹǣǲռǼҵı˾ˡ
մ⻰ֻܵͷã綼ģҪģͻԶķ䡣
Ĭһ£磬Һ˺ϻ⣬һ㳧æأҾʱȥˣȹڵʱһȥɩӣҵֶֶŮġ
Ů˾ңԺż㵱˷ţҲ㵱ˣͷҲûмˣǸǸɩǵļңܻȥӣ
Ȱѵ绰£۽ǣᡣ
̧ͷѲɣͦأһȵˡ
µҵڿչҪϽĻ۳ȥһǮýӡ
ң󷼿һլػҴ彨·ģҲ㽨һ¥ˣЩҪǮͻʱģûʱȥ˸С
ȷӽãҲмˣʱ˹͡
ȥæµЩǰصԺһӵĶ˳ҦǼȥ
ŶţҦһĿ˵Щʲôôɶˣأզû
ЦӯӯĵӣѾͽˣӣԺͲˣˣҴд˿˿µȹӣҿһȹӣӴ϶ÿģҦӣǰûٰңƿƣҦȺȿζզ
һ˵һ飬һԣҦǷ⻰Կһ£ɫЩѿ
񰡣զ£ǲС۸ˣ˵ȥѵ
Ҧ壬ӣûɶ£֮ûиˣ˳ȻˣӣȿȹӺһдһЩŮʺϵ⣬Сġ
һԵһӾЩƷʲôģʺŮӣ⣬һɫȹӣŮӼˣûвϲġ
˵ԼĶҦǵŮæ˹




94.  94   ߣϣ

, ϣҴһؼȥˡ
ѾüûмˣҲļˡ
صʱ, ŵʱԺ
˭Ǻκ
, Ұ
ۣˣ
⺢һɱ, ܳˡ
ںӰѷŴ򿪵ʱ, Ҳǰ
һ³˹
, 裡
߹, , Ѿͷˡ
¶Цݣ֣һˣ
ֻؼ˵ĸоĺá
ŴСģæȥæᶫ
󷼵, , ӻ𣿡
Ӷͦµ, Ҳÿæ, ﶼúõģ, µķ, Ҳ, ӵǴĵ, Ҳ, Ǹ·޵Ͽˣ˶, ǴӾͨ·ˡ
Ϣһϲѽǿ̫˰
Ů˵һлŴ֪ûˣҲŹˡ
ŴãʲôãӴЩ·̫ˣǵĻֳĲˡ
󷼵·Ҳ˲٣㣬ҽ˲ٵĻȱ
Ӹ棬вƷҪĵطҪⷿ
֮У׬Ǯ˳ȥһ˵ǮȱأҪģȻǿٳÿٻرȻҲʽתķա
죬óزͲֵƷˡ
ȾƣżȻһСڣǰǼûǮƺȣǮˣڲ£ҲԸƸ˺ȡ
ɩ͵ľȻǺþƣźһСͱƵĴ̾ǺþƣúȰ
֣ܶȰÿһСȻ塣
ֺǵ֪ˣ
һԣӵĶҲƲ۾
һӵۺÿĵӱÿ˶ѡһ
æѾͷҲҪ󰡣ȥ
æ֣治ҵĽԼԼţƽʱҲÿʱ䡣
ƴǲҲůģӹֱˡ
κͺΰҲ̵Ĵˡ
͸Ŵ㣬Ҹӵ⣬ӶСѧˣҪһֱš
ŴƴһҲůڵֱ
ֵС˿С֮࣬ΪɫͿʽӺŴƲ۾
Ŵӹʱ򣬼֣ΧһӵĶƲ۾
üҲһѡһŮʿһ˶һƯ˿
˿ѡһźɫֱӸŴţٰŴͷһ޷ŴʶԵø߹
󷼻᲻˿ϵŴϵ˿㣬˿ʱʱ򣬿Խһ¹˿ϵһ㡣
Ŵһ˿ֲܵڵְ˿ˣôõĶҴɶҶһˡ
ס֣㣬㻹أ֣㣬ȥУһЩƷÿ춼һ£Ƥܿˡ
˵ŻְѴĻƷݸŴ㡣
Ŵԥһ£˹ȥ
Ŵӷѧ͸ˡ
ӽӵ󷼵л
˸лź͸ڼ׼Ҳ˹ȥ
лһֱ󷼽̵ӣ϶Ҫ͵ģ˿һʽܺõ·а׾ƣȣӵģǵĺͷ
лѷк󷼷˲ٵĻСкģͣŮһЩһһ˿
ԼҵĺҲߣΰһ̹˳κһھӵС
ǰ׾ƣȻлѷȵģ֮ԸлôҪлѷûչˣ󷼿꣬лѷѲߣ󷼵ĵûôÿ
лŽӵƴһºҲˡ
лС˵Ůյ˿ͷǸ˵ģתͷȴƲƲ죬̫ˡ
ⶫôãզͲܶһ㣿̫Сˡ
Ժ󣬵󷼵Ьӣ·֮ĻʱлС˾Ӳƽˡ
ȻΪлѹţǲ˵ʲôֻ˽͵͵ۡ
һ˸߸˵ĳһٷ
˵ڶ죬󷼾ͿʼæµҪⷿⷿ
󷼴̽һȦԺ󣬴Ժһӡ
վǱߵĿղֿⷿھջһʱ䣬վĿⷿպÿվĹԱպҪ׬һЩ죬վĹԱҵֵϱԺҲʹӦⷿˡ
ⷿ飬Ҳʶһ£ǾҪŪԼĿⷿ
ڵؼ۱ˣԼһŵĿⷿڻվĿⷿԼûǳ⣬ܳ׬Ǯ
磬ȥҴ忴һ³ӵĽѾڸǶˣֻҪ豸˹ܿʼ
󷼿һȦԽȷǳ⣬ȥ峤޿ⷿ
ҵ峤Ժ󷼵󷼰ؿ϶ԣֻڵؼǼ˰۸̫ˣҵ޷˽
۸񲻳⣬ֻҪµؾС
գ峤˴ӸĻɽһء
֮ô˳򵽵أҪԭŴ׬ǮˣӣĹȫǴˣ׬ǮǶصΪûʲô顣
ڰվĿⷿԺ󷼾׼ջˡ
ڶ磬󷼵ĵһ͵ˡ
һĻﲻǱģǵӻ
󷼰Ѵ󲿷ֵĵӻ˿ٰⷿѲʵһ̨ڰ׵ӻ˼
ںͬ￴󷼼йһһǳ棬ѯԺ֪һ̨ӻ˶ˡ
ڼĿȷŵǺڰ׵ӻһۣʵ类ݣװһߡ
֮͵òʵ磬Ҫϣ˶Ը˹ñԼӹøãʵһ̨ҪǧԪأǺڰ׵ӻͲͬˣֻҪһǧԪһ̨ӻ󲿷ҧʡһ£Ժ˾Ͷˡ
ԣǲʵ磬͵͵ˣֻڿ˺ڰ׵ӻ
Ժھ֪󷼼еӻʱ򣬶ۡһϹˡ
ʱܶ˻ûأ֪ɶġ
һ̵ģ˴ˣ󷼼߸ոװãһȺˡ
ЦеĴ򿪵ӻֻİһ°ťǺڰ׵ĻӰ
ۣСĻ˰
ۣǻ˵أ
ٺӵɴ۾˵ͯͯ
˰ӣſӡ
Ӵڲŵ̨࣬ǫ̂ҲŵĻǿվأ˻ǿýζ
κͺΰˣôԼ￴ӣԼˣûٵĺӶԸԼء




95.  95 ӻ   95 ӡ

ӻһһ, ᣬǻˡ
ӵС, ۾ôһ¡
Ӵ󷼰, ǼҾȻ˵ӻˣǴ, ˰ɣӻǮ
󷼺Ц, 涼һǧԪһ̨ӻ, һ, ȥ, ͨĳҵĳɱ˼̨ӻڵӻǺܶطûأĻ, ҵĹϵ, ҿ԰˰Ԫһ̨ӻ
⻰, һס, Թ, һ¾ͱٶԪǮˡ
Щĵ, ӻ, ɣ
󷼵ĵ, , ǿԼˣŸۣǸĻ, ӻʱ֤ģҪǲҪˣʱҶһǧԪһ̨
㻹û˵һԣ֮ǰ·һλӴ󷼰ǶǺýãɲƫİӻɵһ̨УǽλôãҼҲҪһ̨
ôһӻڼǶôɰ
Լ˫ְ붼ͣһӻмڲأЩҲûʲôȫһ̨ӻˡ
󷼵УԴ㣬ҾͰӻ㡣
Դ⻰ֻˣʲô˲ãڻؼȥǮ
Ǹӿ󷼷Ƶġ
ʵϣԴ֮ǰӻˣ֮ǰʱɷһʡǹٻ̵꣬ȥӻˣǵӻҲǺڰ׵ģһ̨ҪһǧԪأԥһ£Ҳûӣֱӻˡ
ھȻа˰һ̨ĵӻҵӻſһģһأ˶Ķѡ
ԴصʱɷպҲڣ˵󷼴ӳҰæĵӻֻҪ˰ԪǮһ̨ɷ˵ó۱
۸ɵӲŲأ
Ͼʡǵİٻ̵꣬ǿһǧԪһ̨أ
һ¾ͱԪǮ
ǿǷ˲Բȣô²ܴ湻Ǯء
ǣ˼Ҵܵ󷼵ļ
һֽǮһֽ󷼰Ѳһ̨ӻɱ˳˽ϵԴһ£Ļǰ˶̵ıŵӾˡ
Դ޶˵ӣ֪ӻ϶㣬ϾԴޣǸԺӳľ˰
ԣ㼱еҵ󷼣󷼰ȿȣҸղû˵˵㣬զǼˣ󷼰ƾĹϵһ̨ӻҰȿӵġ
һΪѵģұ͸Ѵ˼̨⡭Ҫˣզ죿
Ӵȥ˰·϶õӻ󷼰ɵһ̨ӻȻҿǲġ
аɣаɣ㣬ɱ߱˰Ȼ۸ˣʱûѽˡ
Уҿ϶˵ȥġֿ˻ӴԭǸѴĻû˵򵽿϶׬ֺˡ
ǣ̻ؼǮȥˡ
һӻĸ͵͵͵ˣԴ㶼˵ӻҼ͵͵ģǿ϶Ǻܺ㣬񵽴˲İԣһӿҵ󷼣󷼰ɲܺ˱˰㲻ֱǣͲǰҶǽַǰҼңһһѹء
޺Ҽʱһһأ󷼣ɵһ̨ӡ
һȺһһ䣬ڽ飬һΪѵģգһʮ̨ӻȥ
һ¼۸һ̨׬İ٣һ¾׬ǧ˰ԪǮ
⣬Ǹոտʼѡ
ڴԺ˵ӵ˼ȥװӻʹɫˣ˼ҲһȻİװߡ
û˵ӻﲥųʱּ飬Ȼ޷ݡ
ߵӵԴ㣬ǿһ˾ȻصɷһѵӰװԺԴ˽ɷһ̥Ӿ׬٣һǧԪһ̨ת־׬ԪǮأǷµĹˡ
Դɷ룿
Դգһ۾Цĵұһ賧û׬ǮҴ绰ȥʣҪҾ͸һ̨ȥǰЩ߶ӻأǸûģȥʡֹ鷳ġ
ԴɷУ绰ʰɣиø磬˸ש߳ҲͣҴ绰ʡ
˶׬ԼݵǮ˿飬˭׬׬أ
Դȴ˵绰㡣
㰡ͨϵŲ̄ӻԼһ̨Ҿϵãһ̨ĻҪø㣬ҪҪӣҪҾ͸
Դı⻰һĸжãӴιΪңӻҿ϶ҪǮ
һǧԪǮʡǰٻ̵һģһʡǰٻ̵Ҳ۸Ҫϵãҿɲһ뵽㡣
Ӵãǿ̫ˣ鷳Ҹո˲ٵĲҶֽ𡣰ӴιҪ˵ӣǼҿɾǵһӵ˼ˡ
Ǹ龰벻ܺԼϵòõˣһԼӿΪ˿һ۵ӵ龰ԴıͼòУǧлԴһҪѵӻ
Դ˵˼䣬Űѵ绰Ҷˡ
һԣԴɷԴ˴ĴָӴС÷ģ
ԴЦ̾Ǯ׬Ƥӣ׬ԪǮ绰ҿʼʱͶʮ̨ӻǿɵץˡ
УУ
գԴɷҲ編ƣԼø˵绰
λøȻҲǼмģ˵˺ûѵľҪӻԴɷŰѵ绰Ҷˡ
ӴιôһĹ򣬾Ȼ׬İԪǮ
Դ㵱ٳɣȥ󷼡
û뵽ôһĹԴҪӻˣ֪Դĵӻһ˺ܴģԴݹǮƣԴ˵ӻ

Դ뿪˸ȫԺգһ۾ʧòǱûʵͨû׬м۰ɣҿ֪ӻʡǵİٻ̵꣬ǿһǧԪһ̨أ
룬ɲû׬ۣ
飬϶ܵƣһƣû׵׬Ǯˡ
׬Ǯ˸мֻ˾ռˣŻİ׬Ǯ
󷼵أ϶ģȻӻٻ̵һǧԪһ̨Դôã϶ΪݲûΪ׬Ǯ
ôһ˵ע⶯ĸŮԿһۣҲһ㿪ˡ
һ̨׬٣ɵӲŲ׬ǮأǶƤӣֲࣿ
ԺûܣҶ¶Էܣװʲôûзʱӣ˽ȴѴ绰ȥӻȥˡ
תͷһȺ˶Ҫӻ
󷼷ڼĶʮ̨ӻգ۹ûˣȻһΪѵģִӲֿ͵͵ʮ̨
ʮ̨ӻҲһʱ䣬ֱݵݣԵѣתͷˡ




96.  96 һ𷢲   96 һ𷢡

˵ڶ, Ҳûš
һ磬ŵӻȥҹ쵼ˡ
ΪţɵĹϵ, 쵼ŵʱֱӾˡ
󷼿żɽ, һĵӻȤҰ˰һ̨, ٻ̵һǧԪһ̨, , , ڰѻȥ
ǹ羭⻰, вԸģ͵ͷˡ
ڵӻǳƷǹⱾͲˣ·׬ǮأȻԸӻˡ
, ͸˰˰ԪǮ, Ҫһ̨ӻ
, ڸĹ, һ̨ӻ, ȵӻ·, ĻԺ, ͿԸƽ𱦴绰, ûˡ
󷼻صϵʱ, ЬӺ·Ҳˣæˣȥվѻﶼ˻, վĲֿֻ˲ַڼ
ŶӽϣŶ㼱Ҵ󷼵ļ
Ŷڿ󷼵ʱһ˫۾ģĳУãʲô죬ҿҴ˻Ҳȥȥ
Цӯӯĵ˵ӻӱ·Ьӣ˿ͷΡ
󷼻һ䣬ɰŶֻˣ죬ҿ
ѵ׬ǮŶˡ
ŶһͷȲøϽ׬ǮȸԼ׬Ǯһ׷˵

֪ӻȽλԺ۾ɵɴˡ
ӻӱǾԶǽλȿʽӱ·Ьӣ˿εȣŶϣԽˡ
ЩɶǺö
ǽλ
Ŷѯûļ۸󷼸ļ۸ȱ΢һЩŶɴ۾
۸ûֻҪϵļ۸΢һ㣬ܴ׬һʵġ
Ŷ㶼ûжͣתͷҴҵˡ
Ҫȥ׬Ǯȥ׬Ǯæ£ͶԼᶼûʱˣûʲô׬Ǯġ
ŶҲϵ˲ٵĹ֮תͷ˾ͻֱŻȥȥˡ
ŶŴҲĶˡ

ŴҪѹǺܴģԽǮĿ͸ˡ
ܹˣԽҪ׬Ǯˡ
ȻˣŴ±ζ̯ӣҲǲģźЩ󷼼ûҲȰ
Ĳ׬ܿһ״һķӣüȥԼҲܰ仧ˡ
뵽Ȳѡ
գ˸ȫķӣһ˰̯λһ˸˶ʮԪǮĹʡ
Ҳ˴ڣһЩһ㣬ȽĴҹѶȾԽˡ
иŴճڼһֱûйƽûˣֽӻ߻ƣŴ̯λŸɻҲһĸʲôġ
ŴŴȻŲ·һ·ϴĸɸɾһ˫ҲɸɾģָҲ޼ú룬һҲû۹Ŵ˹Ŵ̯λҪ󣬹Ŵ֪һжʮԪǮвģ
ڼϴϴˢˢһӾûһжģÿɫԼܹ׬ǮɵӲŲȥˡ
ԼǮԺԼǮɶɶܲ
һݹѣܶ˶Ҳοʮϴ裿
ԣݿ̯λĹŴˣҪÿŰɫĳʦñ˴øɾ̬࣬Ҳǳġ
±ÿŴòģҲıб˽ңŴҲȥҵˡ
ŴгܵôԶȥϵҵÿ۵ÿ̱ˣȴȵġ
󷼵Ьӣ·ͷεȣ˿ȣҲ˴峤ϱɩӵˡ
һԼü۸Щһһط൹ûо൱һ˸һƬҵˡ
ÿ죬һȥС̯Щǳʱֲ֣˵ⶼĲ
ϣŶ㴩һƯķװһ޷ϵһ˿һ˫ĦǵСƤЬһӵĻȥˡ
ǻվվǰٻֵ̳Ĳгڽǵÿ䣬ǵĽŲ
ŶθһԭƵʱð׾ϸģҲøôĵط󣬸ϸĵطϸԽ񻡣
־ĵĴ磬һͷĳҲ˴ˣٴһŵĶűҫۣڴϵʱ·˲ϵ
ҪģҲЧ
һط˲ϣְѴŵĻ
ߺȣΧˣϵŮ٣˹
ȿŶ̯λŵ·ɵɴ۾ȥ
ۣƯͬ־ϴ·Ǯ
ͬ־ϴȹӶǮ
ͬ־ϴ߸ЬǮ
ͬ־ĶǮ

ŶȽó磬վΪһƣܵȺΧۡ
Ŷ㱨˼۸Ժ󣬼û˻ۣһȺǮ
ŶæңǮ
̯ʱȥϵһ·Ѿȫˡ
Ŷ㷢֣ŵ·ȹЬӵȣر
ûκΣֻһȻһĴ磬ʣµĻ
ڻеһ䣬ɩӺӿʼ·˲Ŷ䣬ĻʵǺãܷſɤߺȣŵĻҪǮƵģһܿͱˡ
·ЬൽͷΣûһŮϲġ
Ϊ۸Ȱٻ̳ǹ˲˵ȹÿأԣü졣
һ죬Ȼرۣǵ˵ǻȵġ
Ϊһ뵽һ׬ǮƣǾͲòȰ
ϱǱҲǲĻ𱬡
峤ϱŮŮһġ
˶࣬ø죬ϾкˣǮûٶȿ˲١
һĻԼ׬Ǯƣɴ۾
ôһǾ׬߰ԪǮ
һֵܷٶԪǮ
Ǯ̫׬Ǯ˰
ǶһƤӣûڵ紵ɹ
ֵؿɱȸ˲֪ٱңһ׬Ǯʣ¼һ֮ңһԪǮͲˡ
峤Ů޵˼ңǸʵ˼ңԸڴӵ֧Ķӣ࿴ʱҲüͥҲŵԣڼ޵Ƕӣֻ֧شӺСӣ峤ĹŮ滨ûܴĥ
峤ϱ滨ӹԼһҲŮŮһӪŮܴĥ
ϾҪǨˣϾҪˣ˶ᱩһʣ峤ϱûҪۡ
ۿŰ̯׬ôǮ峤ϱҲ˾ģ⳥Ǯ̯ô׬ǮɵӲŲء
ϾǨԺɽɽлһ졣
ԣгĽס




97.  97  Ǩ   97 Ǩ

һ, 峤ϱ󷼼ﱨˡ
峤ϱ󷼣, ȥ
󷼵ɴۣզˣ
峤ϱ, ˵Ǩʱ, Ĳ۸ͨ۸Ҫ߲٣
⻰˵һ, Ժһ, ԭǨʱ, ȷôһ, ǸʱҴ˶ڸ֮ġ
ˣ
ʹһЩӴһЩӣǶܶŪٵǮ
, 󷼵, ŪлԴ𣿡
ûĻ, ʹȥ, Ҳûȥ
峤ϱ, ﶼɽϵȥˡ
ҡͷ, , Щֲȥ, ǿɲֵǮ
ʲôֵǮ϶ǹ, ;֮ġ
ھҲûطŪ簡
󷼵취
ʾ֣ȥ绰, ˼һ£˵һʶһˣŴ绰ʡ
һ˵绰ϵһˣʶһףҪһЩʲô磿ʲôʱҪ˸͹
ھҪһŪһЩɣʲôŪʲôҲ
ҵõʱЩˣҲ;ȡһˣֲء
⣬ŪһЩľ壬ϷԱ߰һԵİҲȥһӣǨҲܶһ㡣
󷼶˲ˣڼŶԷ
峤ϱ󷼰ҲһǮһ갡
һԴʼ۸ˡ
峤ϱҧˣʱж磬ȷָҡ
ãû⡣
һСʱԺˣһ磬Ŵ˹ڻ棬һź긾Ůǰ
긾Ůͬ־𣿡
ǣǣ
ͬ־ϵ磬ڳأ÷ӻߺңһЩٺ磬㿴ЩҪ𣿡
һԴҶҪˣߣ˵
˸ݣ˾ָ·峤ϱҲһ
긾ŮҽܣǺӵˣǱɽض࣬Ҹպ÷ֵطֵһɽ硣
ŮˣɷһСŮ˸ϳ˼ţֵصʱ򣬺ضˣŮ˾ͷͷ˼ɽͷɰѺˣͿ⼸ɽʲôԺȥԣʵû취ˣȥ˸
Ҳ˾ʶŮˣǣǸӵ̫⣬ûȡǸˣתͷ͸Ů˽һݻ˾ĹҲǴˣպþȱôһѧͽΪˣչ޿ģӵŮ˵ģŮ˽ܵվһѧͽ
ԭŮ˸֮࣬ҲıӪŮܸͦɵģѳѧˡ
Ů˽ӵĵ绰Ժ󣬶˵˵λĻҵֵܣŪһӵ磬͸˹
󷼵㣬磬ô
ɽŵĶֵǮ⣬ûиʮ꣬ģ㿴һЩǮͺá
󷼳һ£Ǯһꣿ
ô˼ѣǮһˡ
󷼼Էô˵֪ԷǸʵˣһ£׸˶ԷķǮһꡣ
ϾȱǵǮ
ӣ̷˺̷˼ĺǶæˣһ磬໨˰СʱŰһ˸ţиһС磬󷼸˶ԷİԪǮ
ЩǮȥǺԽĲ˼ˣô˼ôһЩ硣
㣬Ӧõġ
һȺڸɻɵǻȱ˸ɻҡֵܽãܸɻһ㶼͵
ȻȱˣǮĻս˵㣬һԪǮʵԸɻ˽ɡ
ãá
رɽһԱѣżˣ˶ǻŴһӣΪûõĿӶһˡ
ڼﵽ˸ɻ㼱æѯһ䣬õҪ˸ɻȻΪˡ
峤ϱһԵĹɩӵˣ͹ˣȿô磬ҧҧҲҺ硣
ɰѺֻˣӦһ
Ժ磬㲻һҵֵܽõ˹
ЩˣõģѲһһ㡣
󷼺ɣֱȥɻȥˡ
磬Щҵ׵˼ңҲ磬ȫһ
ڿӸǰĴҲľٴһӣﶼ磬һӡ
Ͼ󷼿׬ǮĴ󻧰û
ɻæµ죬ֲˣ󷼵ӣҲˡ
ֹһ죬Ǩĳˣǩ֣׼ʽǨˡ
峤Ϊ峤϶Ҫбãһǩ֣ǣǨ˿ʼ峤ķݣأլػͳƵȡ
ٺֵǮĹ֮
ЩɽľֵǮģͳƵʱ򣬸⳥١
֮ˣݺݵ׬һʣֻˡ
峤˿ڶ࣬һһլػټأĸһʣ峤ǩֵʱֶЩġ
ҿ⳥ʮԪǮ
ǿʮԪǮ
ʵʵһʾ޿ˡ
󷼵ڶǩˡ
󷼼Ӹǵ֮ģҲסլ˼Ǯ֮ģҲŷһʣҲжʮԪǮˣ˿һЩôһǮŬͼӸǵĹ͡
˱ôһڱУٵǩ֣ŲǨǮˡ
һʱ˶һ໶ˡ
ǩԺҪӽ裬ڣҡ
ҷڵڶͷӶΪ˸Ĵӱ۲ˣۺ컵ˡ
ʱ򣬸ֵԱʼڴȥ
ģ㿪ʼ˾£Ĳˡ
ﶼǺȻ˾ôһǮĻһӶˣԣҲȥϰˣõǮԺ󣬾ͿʼĲˡ
Щǣûм˼ҵõýƲģʹҶӣܻ䡣
ⲻΪ˷Ǯ˱㿪ʼˡ
ĸֵܽãŵӣЩͳѴ峤ŻˣҪǻ˵ã
󷼸峤飬ذͷַ˻ֻҪԭصģֱõǮˣûôìˡ
󷼵飬ҪΪǱΰƭĹ¹롣
һǮֱӱΰߣǱƭصĹ¹ˣԺզ죿
ͺˣ˼˵Ļأ϶˼˻ϰ
ΪһҼֵܴ࿳˶ԷһЩŪǨڴ峤Ժ󣬾ʹӦ
ǣֻ֪ҪԭصģջˣûּңͰͷƽǮԺ󣬴Ĵ֮Ȼ˲١

ӢģװɫƤЬˣſĻеһĴ˵磬ȻѾԪˣǮ˭أֵͷϣǮûٰҪҪһһŴ⣿




98.  98 Ƿ   Ǵװ·

Ǵװ, ·ӢвǱˣ󷼵ǰΰ
ΰβǨֵֻҵϵǵǮ, ϾҵأƹȥĹ¹˵أҲûзֵǮ, ֱӰǮ˹¹˻ˡ
׬ÿ, ⲻ, תͷ⡱ˡ
ΰ˵ɿ, һתͷ, ȻͺƵòΧ£˹, ӴҵʲôƵ·ӰϽǰ
ΰֺǺǵЦһ, , зƵ·, ǿ϶ԼĴװ, ҿ϶ŵġ
ʲôƵ·Ӱ, ˵˵
ΰ, ʶһĸ, Ҫǰٻ¥, ⲻպʶ𣿱ŸŸŵ·ӷһǮ, ǿǸǰٻ¥Ƕ֪ģİٻ¥, ǮƹɽɽȲˣҾƾҸŵĹϵøһЩɷݸңֻҪռ˹ɣȻͷٻ¥ǾǹɶԴڻ£Ժ󰡣Ȼסڴǳ˶ȥģÿսİٻ¥ǿǵİٻ¥
Ⱥⷬ̾ѣһ뵽ԼƽԼȥİٻ¥ˣ˵ĳ졣
ĵĵزǵöôķް
ΰŵô׬Ǯ⣬ǿ϶һ׬ǮͷⰡĴﶼҵ岮ֵܣǿҳģ֮ǰҶһأҾţ׬Ǯ⣬ŴͶǮȰٻøǺãһǮɱϢǿ˰ſ˵ˣôһΣҪҵӣ϶ô׬ǮӪֳģҲͼ˾ûˡ
ΰո£һԣΰĴɩܣǼҰַƵ⣬϶ôԼֵܡ
󷼵ɩɩͶǮ˵ðͶö࣬ǳ¥Ժ󣬾ֵܷ١
æͶʮ򣬲Ͷʮ򣡡
ҲεĲǨݺݵķһʣɰӵ˸ֻˣΨһźǣûֲɽϵһЩңһ͵ûֲ٣Ǽҵ⳥һ˼˲١
˵ͶʮǰӼǮͶ˽ȥˡ
ΰɩҲͶ̫ˣͶ̫ˣﲻǶٷֲٹɷ𣿴ɩУͶһ㣬ôһᡣ
ܣͲˣǿһ˰
һԣ˼еĵҵ˵ĶԣõӪ϶չԼ˲Ŷԣҵ϶ô࣬ǵǮءҡͶʮ򣡡
ҡǼҲʮ򣡡
ңǼңǼͶʮԪ

գ۵ĹΧʮ񣬾ͰѼҵ׶ҪͶΰΰת۾ͼʽ
ԪǳĴˣ׵һʾ޿
ΰЦеĶ˵岮ǣǿɵǧܰҪй¶Ϣһй¶ϢһиңֵܷĹɷݾ͸ˣ׵ģҪңҿ϶Ҳƴǡ
⻰æᣬᣬҿ϶˵ȥ
˰Լո쵽Ĵ۵ݸΰ־ݶûҪ
ЩԼˣΰţҶΰͼǳڴԣûΰҪ־ݣֱӾͰѴ۽ȥ
ʱĴۣûܵġ
ֻҪ˭дֱۣȥȡǮΰôһǮȥȡǮûκε⡣
Щνף˵Ų˵ȥĲ˵ȥ
ûܲ͸ǽ˭һûѣݵݣѵû
ԽΰļʱʱƷ͵͵ȥΰΰ׬ǮӪҲǡ
ΰյǮƭԺ󣬻ô˶мѡ
ǰίǺѩѩΪ˸ӷ͵飬ΰǧ˳ģûٸΰ̺ôԴ֮ࡣ
ʵϣǺѩѩıҪΰˡ
ѩѩĶӵѾˣΰѩѩ˵ûжôˡ
ΰش弯ʣӴʽѩѩۺ죬˼һŪʼʶʽǣѩѩ棬Űʽ
Ȼͷ͵͵ΰٱˡ
νģΰΪԼ˸֦ͷ˲ʧһ³
Ȼʱΰ֪Щ飬ʱΰÿպСƣűֺõôĵ⡣
еģ
ΰȴ֪ѾٽͲôһˡ
ΰһ˼ݲ𴩣󷼵Ժ빫߲ξˡ
Ͼӵ

һߣ峤ϱҵ󷼣ʹɫ󷼵һ˵
󷼲ĸŴ峤ϱһ˵Ľ䡣
峤ϱ󷼰֪иƵĴء
ʲô
峤ϱΰʵ˵ˣ˵꣬峤ϱ󷼰ҪҪιɣǿǽٻ¥ӪأǴҪǲ˼ҵ飬ȥȥ׬ǮĴɵӲŲȥ׬Ǯء
ⷬȴ¡һһըƵģɫѿ˼¡
󷼼ǵԭڣȻǵôһΡ
Ҳ֪ʣһֻ룬Ǹѩѩͳίǣǻȸ
ıųˣֻŹ˷
ȦߵǮǰǣʽ䲻ѵõıᣬôһûˡ
ԼͰˣΪҪСŮ
һΣһ˫СŮԺûƿ߲ξ
ҡһ£ץס峤ϱ֣ɩӣʲôٻ¥Ĺûվݣû³̣ǼһľǿװǣƭҵǮסġ
峤ϱһĲͬ׵ģôأ󷼰㲻ҪΪǰһ飬ư
󷼱⻰ҭסˡ
ǣǱƭҲԸ⣬Ҫģӱ˸ٵˡ
󷼳Ӽȥ

ӼʱһŶȣüɫˣš
ڣǼҿ̧ͷˣȫ嶼͵͵Ʒء
Ųһ̧ͷ󷼡
ӴⲻҼҸɶҼҴҵɲ㣬ϽԶ㣡
Ͷʼɷߺˣʱ󷼣Ȼ̲סáˡ
󷼿һֻۣĵΰҹ
⻰Щ飬ݺݵĵʲôΰҼֻдҵ
ЦΰҪ˵ڳǸѩѩĺӣɲޣֻһҰֶѡ
¡һˮ͹ӵ˶һ¾ˡ
ˣݺݵĵ󷼣㷢ʲô裿ﲻ㣡
ΰæ裬ˣˣҺ˵˵
˵Żæ󷼸̸̸
󷼵ĵǱߣǱߵϣûˣԺú˵һ¡




99.  99 Ȱ˵   99 Ȱ˵

, һԵĵߣ︽ûˣֲͬһ, Ժúõ̸ˡ
ΰǰŮˣĸӣ
ԼΪٻֱӺ, Ϊ϶ܹϸҸ
Ǻĵģ, Ϊٻ, , ʲô, ԼϲӺɰĺӡ
󷼿϶ΰĸ, Ϊӣˡ
û˵ֱӵ, 㡭ʲôʱϳҵģ
Цһ, ɫԽ䵭, һʼ֪, ЩҪˡ
ĵ, ֪֪ڵΪ, ǷǷʣһ㱻ץ, 㲻˶ε, , 㻹ӣԺ󲻹Ҫξû˻ᡣ
һ˵󷼼ҧгˡ
󷼶ݺݵĵ, ˣ˽ȥ򣬿ȥӣǣ㲻ҪҵˣԲǣҵļϵı
ΰⷬмֵΣţͳɫʲôǷʣңô֪һẦǣĸţҪٻ¥Ҹŷһʣ¸ⲻ𣿡
Цһ벻ôƵˣҲôһ졣Ǹ۸ţѩѩǽܸİɣʹǽܸģҲǺЩϵˣɲʲôΪ˹һ𣬿ûơֻµǮǸ۸ţ۸ͻʧתͷĺѩѩͻ˾ٱ㣬㣬թƭ޴ûкεõ³
ΰԭЩģʱ󷼵Ļɲǳһ亹
ΰԭЩ󿴵ѩѩǵģΪԼѾסˣϾ˵ļǱԼˡ
ûǸŮ˵ĳȻôĺݶȦףҪԼء
Ǹν۸ţвΥ͵ĵطҵȷżȻѩѩ̸ȥӴˣΪԼ㾡Լ͵ĺԴ뵽һ֣
Է͵Ȧȥһ°ˡ
һʱΰɫѿ
ΰĿһ󷼣лл㣬лл㻹ңҶģҲúίģҿ϶µġ
󷼡ޡһһĵɱеôģһжΪ˺ӣûһϵԺҲһֱ㣬ȥΥΥ͵飬ҵӣҾĲ㡣
˵껰󷼡ޡһŤͷߡ
˵ĻΰȻţ󷼶Ǳ˴˵ĳ϶ǹĵġ
ֱĵζȡ
˵ףǲѾˣѾ˺δɽˡ
ΰԼڼȻûǮҲûȨǿ϶취ŪһǮߣֻҪǮˣʱ󷼸ϣ˻أǲõѡ
Ͼôۺӣǿ϶׵ۺӡ
ΰ㣬õͦõģƵ̫࣬Ψ©ˣЩһҲزȥˡ
ߣΰԺҲһ׮£ǹ˿϶·ģΪ˴룬ǰĿ׵Ϣ˳ȥ
ڴ˻᲻ΰҪһǮǾǴԼˡ
õǨԺ󣬲ٴҲʼ޽ˡ
峤͹ɩ󷼿ģ󷼴ڿյظһĲ¥¥峤ҲĶˡ
ֲûǮҴ峤üӣŮֽӣڵģ̫Сˣס°
ԣ峤ҲŴ޽һĲ¥¥
󷼵¥һ¥޸淿֮࣬ԿһС꣬ƽҲ˾úܶ࣬ķסͷⶼС
¥ϣȫ޽ɵ׵ķӣʲôеأǷһһķ䣬и̨ͳһ޸һԿ԰ڸú¯ң԰ڷһŴС֮࣬޶˳Է˯
޽ʱ򣬿Ա֤ⷿˣÿµͲ١
Ŀǰʹȵվ޺ԺҲǲġ
ڸ޽һ͵ѧУ
һϿСѧˣǸСѧѧʦС
ڵѧУ˲ʧʵͦصģ󷼸ݣ֪ЩĽ˲ţΪûйϵûй
޽ѧУЩѧУʦ
ĻһѧУãĵؼۿ϶ͻڸһƬĵأǿ϶ͨѧУѸĵضʱڻվҵ֣϶ܹɹ
ֻҪУҽԺõĽͨȦĴ첻ڻ¡
ȻڸûʲôҽԺֻҪѧУĿڸҽԺ֮ס
󷼾ȥҴ峤ˡ
󷼵峤Ǵûʲô׵ѧУҵĺѧǳĲ㣬ǴӸ޽һѧУ㿴?
峤⻰һĲ죬⵱ȻˡֻʲôѧУѧУɲһ׵飬ʦأѧУĸͶأǵصĻҿ㣬ȸ˵ԺŴҲԸظ㣬ֻǣǮܻͶ벻٣󷼰Ҫ
󷼵ҿǵúһҼҺҪСѧˣһֱʲôұһˣҿõҰֵǨҵôһ룬Ҳһʱ򡣡
峤⻰ĸж
峤İ壬Ӧȥ˵񣬲ѵ
󷼳ûָ˺ĺܴ󼸿ɽأ˵Щضˣʱ򣬻ѧ͸С
峤⻰Ҳûж룬Ӧ
峤ȥ˵һ֪ҪΪСѧԺ󣬶رĸжҲв˵ɵӣǮҲطء
󷼶Ա˵ۺ⣬̵Ĵֿ˻
ôһƬĵأˣʱ츽ҵ֣ǿ϶ڻˡ
ңڱĻɽôڻɽͻѲٵҪôǻɳɺܷ֪ǻɽϣȫʯͷʱ˳һʯͲɳ
ڸ㽨裬ʯͷͻɳ
ȿϣպÿԭؿʼ޽ѧУʹֻ̳Ҫ֤ʱ޺õ¥Լڹ滮Ĵ̳ǿ϶ȱõĻǮ
Ȩ֤ԺͰ̷˹æȥӵˣҲ׼豸
ҪʯͲɳ
ȸƽ𱦴һ绰ȥҪ豸⣬ƽȻӦˣǵķ泧ӣҲҪŪһسÿٰѷ㳧
ƽ𱦻Ŵ׬Ǯء




100.  100 С   100 С

עæµһꡣ
󷼵ĳո޺ú, ͵ˡ
æŴȥվ豸ȥ
ҲҴĹ·Ѿ̺, Ȼ豸һ⡣
Ȼ豸˵Ҵ壬ȺһƬĻȻ֮Ҷչۿ
леʦæװ, Ȼе볧Էְװˡ
תٶļ, һʱ, еͰװˡ
˶Է˷ķ, һЩصز, һ, Է߸˵ˡ
ҲҪ˶Է˽µϵʽһ⣬ҲҪѯġ
豸װԺ󣬼, ߵЧ, һ¾˲֪١
ҪϹ, ߷Ϊ൹, 󷼸˼Ӱ๤, , Ժ, ڰʤ߶µɸˡ
ʱ, ˳ι󷼵, ߵĽȷ⣬ԲƷҲǳ⣬ó˻, ˳ˡ
ˣ󷼵һǮֿԼӿҵչˡ
󷼹滮ĽĲֿܿҲˣûĻֱӴվ˻ͲõĿⷿĻ﷢ʲôˣϾԼĿⷿι̡
ڴ˼󷼻˿ⷿҲû룬ֻΪԼг޽ⷿģʵϣž÷չ˺һⷿһϰ⣬ⷿÿ궼׬Ǯˡ
Լŵʱ򣬶ΪԼһЩʲô
˿ⷿҲͼӴ˳ˣͬʱҲ׼ŪǮųӵĹģ
һߣʯͲɳӵĻ缸˹ˡ
ˣʼԻɽ˿ɡ
˵˶æ޷ݣҪʯͷɳӣЩʯͷɳӣ˴תͷǮҲͻˡ
Ƿǳٵģܿ죬һɽͱƽˣ泧Ҳˡ
ò˵һ
Ϊ˷㽨ҲѵúͶԵҲڴｨˡ
аһɽҲ⳥һʵǮЩǮȫˣйϵ˳õһأʼ
޽ǰ󷼺һ£˵Լ뷨¥¥⣬ʣµһ¥޽С¥ģʽԼס
󷼵뷨ԺҲ޽¥
һ¥⣬һ¥޽СԼס
Ϊ˴ﵽԼҪЧӾһʦʦͳһĹ滮ơ
֮ǰ޽޺Ժ󣬵˸ɻĽˣʦϹµͼ滮Ժʣµķݣǰ޽񷿼޽
ò˵µʦ൱вŻǹ滮С¥󷼿öⲻѡ
νǮ󷼺ʻǮ£С¥£Ȼ޽ˡ
˶޽С¥ǰ󶼴˻԰ƷǳĴ͵Ÿӵǰ棬һԺǽֲʱǰԺԺǽ¼õɫ¼ǽǽǽڿŻŽأһϲ
ȴ򿪴ţǰ԰ǰ԰һƽһССļɽˮأ˽ΧʯʯԼָĻܣǰԺߣһůʯ·һ·ȥǰ
ǰ棬ǰװĸֻǽ棬İһɳһԼһ̨ɫӻذ׵Ĵʯǳɾ˵ĵӳƵģǳͷұǲһ˷бһţԵ԰ȥ
԰СĲ˵أֲ˴ӣˣë֮С棬һСͤӺΣһм껨ľܹͻһˣһͯĵطŻݣɳӣԼɳȡ
ûп¥أ¥£󷼾òˡ
ѽã治
ڶΣʦԺ󷼰ԼķҲæ޽ҲûֱӾͰ޽ˡ
ر⣬Ҳܸˣߣ¥ȥ
¥һһ䣬ֱңһ鷿һͷҷֱӵķ䣬һ¶̨ҲԴһ԰֮ࡣ
¥󷼵Ժ鷿ˣԡ䣬һԻһ¼žϵΡ
ǵģЩطѾ¼ˣȻڵػûУ޽ӵʱ򣬻ǰ˳
󷼶ԷòѣлȻȥιۡ
ķûô࣬ǰԺӺ󷼼࣬Ҳ¥޽赸ң޽һӾء
ҪĻҲԸĽһ£Ūһ赸֮࣬Һϲ𣿡
󷼵ͷͷʺӡ
˰˾סĵطԺˣϾͰҹ
ʱļҾ߶ԭľģûôȩո£Ҳܰˡ
˰ҵһ죬δɽҲˣδɽ˷ӣɵͷǵ¼ңǲ
󷼺Цһԣΰͺκ䣬۾ɴˣһ㡣
ĵǾȻסôļ̫ϲˡ
裬µļ𣿡
Ȼģ
󷼿ӵɵһֵЦ
裬Ҳ̫ˣ裬һ£ҿǲΣ
Ǻκΰһõĸ첲κ侪һںΰ첲Ҳŷһ¡
˴֣ӣιۡ
ȻΰϲããӴιһرĵطرãرá
бǰĻ԰õĵط𣿡
Ȼˣ
κһ̳źԺܽȥ
һ̣ԺĻݺɳӣӸֻˣһ±Qȥˡ
һԣҲһ
Ѿͷ⡭⡭Ժļ𣿡
˵ʵ֮ǰϣסںδɽʵ̤ʵǱ˼
󷼵֣ҵĲǨ޵أԺǵļˡԺסһ¥¥ݣҪһ£ҲףǰԺӻȥ㡣
⻰ֵ춼ϲ£ˡ
ããã޵úá
Ȼϲӣʶ˶ڴأֻǰΪ˺ѧϵĽѧãû취¡
ڻصˣȻ˼ˣһЦݣûٹ
Ͼ޵ôã֤󷼳Ϣˣ󷼵ĺӿȻˡ
Ժ󣬴Ҳˡ
Щڿ˷Ժ󣬶Ľòˡ
峤ûס󷼰ӣ˶Ǯ˰ҲһҼҲôһӰ
˭ҶǮأһķӣ˭ҲԿ
һԣɩ֮ģһȺӿķӡ
֮ǰǶڸĴӣһӴպסţȻҲ׼޷ˣǷҲʹһػѡ
ڿ󷼵ķ޵ôƯһʱﶼˣúһԼסķӡ




101.  101    ڽŴ󡭡

ڽ, Ŵͼø
￴˿ͼȴЩΪˡ
峤, 󷼰ܰҼҽһ·𣿾ͰޣҸԪ, 㿴ҶŰѷ޺ãвУ
ɩ, , ҲǮ, һ·Ӱ
һʱ, ü˶Χ, Ҫ󷼰æ޷ӣҲ˴峤ļ۸
˭ϣ󷼵ķӣһͻԪ޺ˡ
𿴷޵رߵ, ڵ˹ʵǼ͵, ϷҲ١
ԥһ, , ҪҰæ𣿡
, , ް, Ӳˡ
԰, ӿž, ɽˮ˵أ, զһžôأ԰޶ĵطҲء
զҰް
ֹ
峤ڴﶼæأⲻǸƽԲ뻨ʱ䣬оǣȿȣﶼäЩˣôвŸɣԼ϶޲ôķӡ
˸ǵƽģȻ¥Ǻڵӱʵڲ̫Զˡ
ԣɻǮ󷼰æǷӡ
󷼳һ£ֻܵɣ޷Ǵ£Ȼȥͼһ£ˣٺ˵
һӣ׬һǮ˵ʵ󷼵ȷĶˡ
ȴ뿪Ժȥ˸ӣȥ顣
㣬˵ǽһز˾զһﶼ޷ӣԸ۸һ׷׬ԪǮˣʱƽ֡
һ£ˮƽԣˣӪȷģȥ˰ǾͿʼʹǩͬ˸ǷӣɷݵĻľУϾҵ㡣
󷼳һ£ӦУ㣬Ͱ
˭Ǯأ
л׬ǮɵӲŲ׬Ǯء
ԺͰѷز˾ò˵İǺǿģʶˣܿһЩѧ˲ţ󷼱̷˲ٵĽˣּˣڽй滮Ժ󷼾ѴСһʱ޽һǽ޽һͳһСﰲȫĹ
󷼰뷨峤һ£峤Ӧ
峤Ŵľ໻һµأȵػãҵС㿪ʼ޽
ﶼС黹ͦ˷ܵģǮأ˭Ըסһأ
ڱĸֻ԰ģĹ滮ȣҲһһҵȥȡˡ
ԣ޽԰ʱ򣬸ҵĻ԰Ų࣬Щһ
ϲҩǸϲ֮ģ֮ҵԺӹ滮ҲͲһˡ
йȣԲʮ֮ڣͶģҴɻˡ
һǾԪǮأɵӲŲء
ȸһ»ǿǱȳĹ˵ĹʻҪ߳١
ڽϣȱʲôе˴һкܽ赽豸ʹãԣֹ£Ҫ޽С˼ҵķӣҲ޽òˡ
ͬʱ泧Ҳ޺ˡ

ڷ㳧޽õʱ˻ƽ𱦺μ˷޴źһʱμӷ泧ӵļʻеļ˽ӵϢԺ󣬶Ӧ˵һμӼʻ
ʮһǰģ󷼾͵ڵ绰ˡ
Ҵίİ칫밲װһ̨绰󷼰ѵ绰˻ƽ𱦵ˡ
ڵ绰һţǵŻƽ𱦵˹绰ʱȥˡ
˿磬ƽ𱦺˷޶ûе󷼵ȵҲЩˣ룬Īʱ𣿻߻ˣ
ڳ˼ί棬˺󷼰죬죬СǴˣأ
һľȣ߳ίᣬһ¿·ϣվϵĻƽ𱦺μ˷ˡ
μ˵ŮС俴󷼣һ³󷼱˹һ˷ܣ裬裬ˡ
͵һڻϼʱȣڣҲԲˣԭһ˫۾Ҳ鶯
󷼿ӵı仯ĻϲæѺӱС䳤ˣӴðС䳤øÿˡ
С¶ЩɬЦ
һԣμ˷߹Ӵط治Ȼվ޺ԺķչпΪ
ƽ𱦺Ц߹ͬ־ͬ־ˣˣͬ־أ
֪Ҫڼأߣǻؼȥ
˵ŻָָԼڵӣһԼԼȥǣźӳ߹ȥ
ȿ޵þµıƽ𱦺μ˷ޣָ̾ѣ޵úãǲסӿ
ƽ𱦵ֻۣкǮ˲סķӣӴطŪãҶ뽨һ׷סˡ
˵˵ЦЦ
ӭ˳Цӭǣҿݣ
˵Ż˴ϴˮ͵Ȳ衣
Ͷ٣϶Ҫϴһ
ϴ˿ʼι۱
˵Ȳιıֲι󷼵ı˶Ķˣ˶УգǷ޷ӵ뷨
󷼵Ǻĵĵһţ޵ʱ˵
ƽһתðȻͷǿҪҴһҪء
μ˷޶ԿһۣҲЩĶ뵽ǵ룬ա
Ժ󷼵ӷѧˣӼµѣǳĸˣСһȥԺ滬ݺɳȥˣӵЦôԶ

ϣ׼˷ǳ͡
ȻķһŮķķյһֵĺòˣ˶Եķǳľˡ
סķ棬Сǳϲκˣ󷼾ʹμҷȥԼҵСסȥˡ
ƽʾԼϲıסԱߡ
ϣСر˷ܵú˯
˵ڶһ磬³˷緹
ǹ͢˺ˣһֳȻ˵ãμҷ޺ͺǶԵķǳĸˡ
ǺϹͻƽ𱦣˵ɫЩֵֹģ󷼼ڼʱԼķ泧أҲû롣
˳˷߸˳ŷ泧ȥ
һ磬㳧Ͱʻȣɫĺǣţﶼš
󷼴˹ʱ峤æ͹֡
󷼽ܻƽ𱦵ˣλͶʵĸ̻ƽλһλй̾־ֳμһλҽԺҽʦŮʿ
峤һ˵ĺ֣˶ܹˡ
һǺ淽һʲôĸʲôġ
֪μҷ޵Ժ󣬶Ҳǳ
˶кõλأڴ˵ǸʵĴڡ
ʱˣʿʼ
󷼰Ѽ˻ƽ𱦣ƽֱӰѼӹȥֱӼȥ




102.  102    102 㡭

ʹ, 
ͬʱԱóһϰװõķ棬ÿ񶼷һ档
泧ڰǰ, ͿʼˣļʻὫֱӽۡ
󷼵, 㣬˼, Ƿǳ, ֱӴ򿪰װ, , Ҳÿˮųԡ
˵Ż, 㣬һֱӲ𿪳ԣһ˲ַУ򿪵ϰ, 뿪ˮ, ÷иš
ֻҪݸ, ֱӴ򿪳ˡ
˵Ĺ, ݷʱҲ, ʱ, һζҲ˵ıӡ
ʲôζô㣿
Ӵ, Һֶˡ
СҲ, , Ҳˡ
һȺӸѭζ˷ӵķܹ
Ժ󣬷, ζҲԽŨˡ
˹һһǰ׼СݸһΧ۵СȺһ󷹺еķ棬ܿͳԵһɶ
ۣóԣζȰĻóء
裬ҪԷ㣬裬Ҫԣ
󷼲ڵĺӣһһУٴһ棬Լţ˿
Ȼˣ˵ζԽŨˡ
㰡
ٴ۰Ͱ͵Χ˹ζģСûԣָ˸ĳˡ
Щ˳ôһС㣬ױζˣдҲҪ˹ȥȫ˸һɶ
һԵĻƽ𱦺μ˷Ҳ˷棬ܻƽͳˣٴγԵ棬̲סͷã·ϵʱ򣬸ջĳһ١
μ˷Ҳ̾ʱȫԣʡˡ
ؼζ
һԣ֧ĹҲŪˣһȥ迪ַȥƬԺ󣬷ˣٴֽбӣ˶һС
һΣڼ˼ζ͸ˡ
㣬ȿֱԣҲˮأԼ˼ųԣ֮ǳķ㣬ζҪ𣿡
룬룬Ҫ
ȺļߣͰЩĵũòģҴ巭츲صı仯ǳ߱ļֵӣһ¾ˡ
ʱҲֵС㣬ֱǼķţ˿㣬Ʒˣòˡ
һУôһӵķţǳʱ򣬵öʡ
Լһٴһ±ԼˣõŶ˰
ʱ̨ǰʴ벻Ҫ㣬ߺȣҪҪ档
ϰ壬ôİ᲻ܹ󰡣
ڷļ۸⣬ҲǴҵĵ⡣
󷼵ǵķֻҪëǮһ¿ҵֶ׵ģ۸ֻҪëһ죬һһӣô棬ǿҵеŻݣץˣ쿪ʼǰëһû͵Żݡ
ǨԺ󣬶Ǹأʱʲô˲ãȥŶӽǮˡ
Ķʱ򣬱ļҲ
󣬼ҲȥŶӣһ䷽ؼҸ˳ԡ
û취ζʵ̫ˡ
ȻˣϲζģҲţɵȣһʱǳĻ𱬡
ƽ𱦿ŵĴ˷棬ϵЦݾûٹ
ƽ𱦵棬϶ģʱǾͷˡ
Ķ鵽˼ȻնԷǮ˶Է䷽ӵţɡ
ҲûƴǣֺǺǵĵǷģǵʳƷζͺãҿ϶ǵдĺܺá
˵Ż߱ŷȣгˡ
˵ڶ죬ձȻ˷泧£ͬʱҲҴһСԼΧĻǷţɵζüд˴ߣٵĹ磬ٻ¥ȣ˹ȥѯţɵȣţɵĹ磬ǿֿ˻һȺ˴˵绰󷼣еĴ߻
Ҳû˵˷Է⻰ʾҪ棬ͻȥ
Ц沢Ǻöܰ׬ǮĺöвѯʷأǶ֪ʲô˷㣬ǿ϶
죬ﶼͦæµŵͻأǿ϶æµġ
ձҳţԣ棬ڽһ»ˣ֮ǰռĹȫԸȥۣʱ䣬֮ǰۻĻ۵һɶ
ƽ𱦿ſյĿ棬ü豸ӴУҵĿȫȫ磬ʱǹ˾ڹУٵС
ҡͷǻȰѽǵðɣãſǹռĳеһһӡźá
ǣǣͬ־˵Ķԡƽ𱦵ϣ¶õЦ
ǰλǲүȻùš

㳧ӽչ˳ڽѧУߣҲֳ㿪ѧУҪʽˡ
뵽󷼾Ͱμ˵ˣʶĿɿʦｨѧУ԰סլʴͨѧУһƸһЩʵѧʦǰѧ
дŻȥҵѰæʣԸģҿ϶
μҲҲȥʡ
÷ҵ֪һˣǳвŻͲ֪Ƿ
⻰һ˵ҲȤŶǸʲôأֻҪƷãвŻʹ߰ƸҲԸѧġ
ǰĽڣϧǳ˶ﱻ·ˣȻ˳ǣҲԸٽˣɨء
÷˵⻰˵̾Ϣ
÷㣬һæúõʣѧУϣΪҽ̵˲ϣǵĹԽԽǿѧһЩƣֻΪ˰ѧ̺á
Уһ绰ʡ
Ȼͷ÷ڴίİ칫Ҵ˵绰ȥѯʣ绰˰Сʱ÷һ˷ܣԷӦ
һĸˣа÷㣬ġ
÷Ȼλ˼ߣǣҪҴӦ˵ˣֻҪУ԰뷨ѧѧ󷼣㲻ŰɣҼﻹûУ
󷼵ҵȻ⣬λܹУҸ˻ء
һģ붼ǰģʵѧ˲ţͷ˲Ѱ
СϣлҲӵ󷼵룬лǼвŻģңȻйţҲʮͷԸν̣һλǳʦ

󷼶лŵţҳϿʦǽ̺ǵӢǽ̺ǵӢﰡİǺǵңĲŻӦñû
˵󷼳ǮѧУҪǮƸʦлŷǳݡ
Ǵ£κ˶ᾴֽ֧ˡ
лųһ£ҲС˰𣿡
䣬ٹʮ꣬Ҳڻ¡
⻰˵лֱ֣ǣһмӡ
ǱߣСѧѧأȥν̣ѧУ䷿ڣҪΪѧУѧϣӾͳ׷ʦȥǴ￴˵
ȻлžҲһСӣ˭Ӷأ
ң˵ʵлҵŮýǰѾˣȻлѹţʲôʡ͵ĵơ
лţŮûлϲģ԰׷ġ
лűװŲ֪Ҳɵӣš
лѷӣŰлѷЩӣҪǿлѷӣˡ




103.  103    103 

水հëһȥ, ҴЩǨ⣬ʵڱĵĲôá
չľϢҶ̫˰, ǰëǮǲȥһˮˣ
ԴˣЩż, ԼĶ۹ˣϾͶô, Ҫ۳ɱġ
, ǻƽ𱦽, ̵ĵ, Ȼг̫, Ҳûа취Ƴ˵Ļˡ
⻰һæ, ʳƷȫС, ǿԲһЩʵĲȥ, ʱڱҲˡ
ƽ𱦵, ͬ־, ȥˣ𣿡
˵, ɲǿ£
˻ƽһ, , ʲô뷨Ϳ˵, ɱˡ
ƽ𱦿һɤӣ, 棬װҲ̫ʵһЩȻˣǿ԰һӲʱļ۸񣬿ԶΪëһļ۸񣬺ܶСҲԣͲõļ۸ˡֶλҪͷ㣬Ҫȫÿ䶼ǵķ棬Ǽ۸񷽱㣬϶ֻëǮһ棬ǿ϶ۣ˶ԡ
⻰۾һﰵƽ𱦿һ˲Ű
ȷջƽ𱦵ӣѼ۸񽵵ͣøܹйң֮ǰҸ׬Ǯˡ
Ҫ֪֮ǰķ棬ǿΪƹ㣬һЩеˣ֮£ķ棬ëǮ
ţ϶Ըëһӵķ档
òԺڳԸȥǣëһӵķܿ˳
ȰЩ˵ķȥȻ˳ȥȴӵϰװÿɺöˡ
гϿ͵ķ㣬ûжó°װķ㡣
ңΪ˸õƹ㷽㣬ѾڱֽϵˣڵͶ档
뵽˻ƽ𱦺һ𣬴Сᡣ
󷼵֮ǰʡձţռ˴ˣһ֪˷ԶԶΪ˸ƹ㷽㣬ڵϴ档
ƽһ⻰˾񣬵뷨ҪƹȥȷֻͶӹˡ
ڲ˼Ҷӻˣ󷼴ӻƽĵӻһһĻĻԴ򣬹Ⱥµũϵ򹤳Ĺ˵ȡ
ôܹӻǾ֤˵ӹƹ㣬϶Чܺá
󷼵Ҵǰʡ̨һ¹ԣЧãȥϵ̨ǾΣ
Ϊʲôֱھ̨棿
󷼵ǵĳ̫СˣĿǰʡڵļǧûûûȫгҾ̨Ļ̫ˡ
ƽ𱦺⻰˱ʡһ̨ȴһ濴
ͷ죬ȥϵ̨ˡ
ܿ죬ϵ˵̨ĸˣԷĿۣɲˣʡ1̨Ź棬ǰշļ۸ڻƽʱβŵĹ棬һݼ۸
󷼿ǷշѱﶼǳۣЩǮûǵûİ壬ƽ𵵵Ĺ档
ȷƽ𵵵ĹԺһˡ
ԱҲʼˡ
󷼵ˣһԷ㣬ʷĻڲշ桯͵ģǾΣ
ԡԱأ
ԱĻ˵˵ĺõļԱҾòСȴûʲôѡ
̨⻰ֺǵӴҪǲżϹ棬ѡ
ѡ
溣ѡʱʡߴĄ̇ӽкѡȺѡԺ󣬻ϵҲ֪ǼҷˡҴԼѡˣǿ϶Ͽɡ
ò˵̨˻ͦרҵģһĶˡ
һԣƽ𱦺ҲǳĶ
İ壬ȵǱڵ̨棬ѡŮԱĻ
ǳʱΪ߰Ľһò˶Ķˡ
ŮѡһˣֱܷõһԪĽİˣܵõ㷽泧Ĺء
ȫǶ
ǿһԪǮ
Ժӹ棬׬һǮء
Ȼһ˲٣ɰ󷼵ֻˡ
ոտʼʽʼ϶ܹ
ŮԱĺѡһҲ˲˵Լ顣
ÿ죬󷼺æŲ鿴ѡԱæòˡ
㳧ǶʮСʱͣЪ㡣
Ժȴ󷼵Ŀⷿˣֻų
һߣʤܴ½ú̿͸ֹɣص˽ǡ
ʤշתأͨô͵صú̿ͨϵܹúˡ
ú˻ؽǣ۸΢һ㣬ú̿һ¾ˡ
ڵú̿ǽλ
һú̿ʤһ׬ǧԪǮɰֻˡ
ʤڽǹһ£󷼵ӣŴӣֱߺ·ִһѵ½زˡ
ܿϧѾҴˣʤȻҲˡ
Ŵڡ
ŴסĵطʤܿŻŴȥˡ
ŴǰЩʱǺһأشסģŴӶССѧŴܾ󷼣ǰǮСһ׷ӣӣôҲʽʼˡ
µɷżȻĳȥһǮ˺棬ʲôĻȥˣֱӺǱ߶ϵ
رãǸһӣجΣ޲Щʧϣ϶ϵġ
һߣʤŶʱȴЩԥˡ
ϷŹȥ
ԼûԼá
֮ǰԼһŮԻۣԼ顣
ʤԥʱȴһ¿
磡
סʤܡ
ʤ¶Ͱ͵Цݣãңȥ½úҲ׬ǮˣҸһЩ
˾ˣð
Ӳ֪ǳʤܻع
Ӵ󱦶ԣǺúӡ
ˣԷߣȻؼҳԷ
磬ߣȻؼȥ
⻰ʤԽΣĬĬĸ󷼵ߡ
ȿ󷼵ӵʱ֮ɫ֮ǰζˡ
ãĲ޵ã
󷼵УУ磬ӹզ֪֪ôһߣյŵʱҶൣģ
ԲǶ粻ã
˵ŻóһѵĶݸӡ
ӿһ£󷼴ӦԺŽˡ
ʤܵãҳϣһĺöһȥѳӿ㿴
˵Żһ̵ģıһ




104.  104 һʴ   104 

ʤ˵Ż, ȥڿȥˡ
Ӷǳ˵ĸʤ˳ȥ˻ûأڴС, Ǻģӵĸʤߣͦñֱ
ʮԺ, Ժ棬ʤܰӴӸʻʱ, Ӷǳ˷, ΰɴ۾, һĶŴķ, 뿪
˾, ٣ôĳӶܿء
󱦣˵ɶ
ΰЩ۰Ͱ͵ĵ, , 󿨳, ҿһҪҲܿôĴ󿨳, ⷽԲʮС, ϶!
˵⻰ʱ, ΰڴ, ȴʤʧЦѡ
ʤСͷ, , 㳤һ㣬ٽ㿪ԣ
һ, ˣһпٿһ£
У
ʤλشúˬ졣
ӷڵԺʤܿʼ򿪻ţᶫ
һŬŽȿʤܴӳĶԺ󣬲ʧ
ԭʤܰĶǱģȻһʯͷ
κĵˣʯͷѼɽ𣿡
ʤܵȻǣǺöأ
ʱҲˣʯͷĵ磬ǡ½ʯͷ
ЩȷʯͷʯͷɲͨʯͷЩԭʯ̵ġ
˵ʤһ˷ܣǱߵ˲УԭʯȦһһ裬һﻻġ
ʤܵĸǹ͢˴ˣ⹫ڼСʱ򣬶Ǵźǿ۽ģ⹫вٵϴĺöȻЩʧˣҲӿ۽硣
ʤȻϳԭʯ֪еļֵ
ȰѵһʯͷСźԺִӳ˵ڶʯͷһԣó˵ʯͷŴһóһЩߣ׼ʯ
ڿʯǰʤܵãѡʯͷ
󷼵һʯͷҵģ
Ȼġŵһλ
ʧЦֻܵһСʯͷҪɡ
ʤܿӣ󱦶һѡһʯͷ
ãȰɣӺˡ
лл磬ѡɡ
ֵǰһʯͷ
ѡʯͷʤܱ㿪ʼʯˣһʯͷ̧ͷһһ˿Ʈ̣ˮϴһ£Ʈȥ̵Ʋ۾ʯͷǰ
Ҳ߳Ķˣȿűɫʯͷ̲סʯʯȻ̣Ҳѵõĺöˡ
ʤЦʯͷǴ󱦵ģǰˣҿզġ
˵Żʯʯͷɫļ˶ɵɴ۾
ʯͷÿ
ôһʯͷѵðʯͷҲ䣬Ҳ֮࣬ȸţȰˣͷҸʦһס
лл˾ˣ
ˣ쿪ҵʯͷ
գ
ʤ˵Żȥκʯͷˡ
ʯͷıÿëëģôۣʤȴǺʯͷǰ⹫˵ʯͷûģ
˵Żʼ𹤾ʯ
ƬԺʯͷҲ¶һǡ
һֵɫиһ飬ɫԽԽ룬Ÿ߹ջĹâ
ʯͷһ鴺ʵģͲ֪ɫզ
һԣ˶סʤܿʯͷ
ʯͷ붼ԺʯͷҲ¶˳ȷһ鴺ʵʯͷ޺⣬ÿˣһ̣һɫɫν˷ۡ
Ưʯͷ
£鴺ʵʯͷĹâ
ǺǸиģǶĴأ϶رƯ
ǿСʯͷˡ
ʯͷһһԵļ̲ס
̡Ҳδ̫һ㣡
ǵģһ鶥ĵһ䣬ʯͷǿǿģȻʯͷ󣬵ֻҪʯͷͬɫʯͷ˵Ǽֵˡ
ʱʤܵĺЩˣиʯͷҲԽСˡ
һȥʯͷȻҲͬıɫ
ʯͷ
ạ̇̄ʯͷǺʯ
ʤܼһ̣ﵹ򶨶ˣȰһʯͷиãʯͷʼĥˡ
ȴĥԺʯͷƲ۾
ʤܵãʯͷʣµӣʲôģպãҵõˣȻѶ̣ˡ
磬Ҫţ
ʤܵãʯͷġ½ǱиӵǸʯͷֻҪһ£ҵöļû׼ⶪŵʯͷҲһʯͷ
һ磬ûǱ߶ŪһЩʯͷһ鱦У
ʤ⻰ҡͷﶼԲأ˭ǮЩ⣿ڼʱҲʯͷѡ
ҡͷڣǵԽԽˣңȫǮˣͥԣ˼ҶĲǣֻҪ϶·
⻰˵ʤҲĶˣһ£̾ϢȥչЩҲҪʣҲûȥЩ
󷼳һ£磬Ǻϻ￪һ鱦˾ɣŪһЩʣʱ˵Ǳȥۻ߻ʯͷ룬϶ġ
󷼼ǵṤҵĲƷǱ߿ɶϡȱʣЩʯͷǿ϶㻻ġ
ڵˣʳסʳΪûںЩʯͷļֵ
ʱۻԴ϶ܸڴ˸ǰһʡ

ʤܻɣ󷼵磬Ǯʵ⣬㿴ڵӣ֪ҲȱǮģİɣʹҲûµġ
ʤҧҧãҿ϶ģһʹȥŪһЩͷ谡ֳʳ֮࣬־ӵȣеģãǸҲͦõġ
⻰ͷû⣬ס죬ȥϵ
ͷⲻô֮ǰˮͷڶûȥأʢ٣£ȫĸٹͷ
Щͷڱ˶ʵĸ٣ͷһۻ˿ⷿ
ʵҲôģǸ³³Ч治ãԼȥȻģûǮͷ
󷼹ȥԹͷĸ˵ҪһǧƿͷǮܸұһ𣿡
ۿҪˣͷأҪˣԷ⣬˵ˡ
һǧƿӵĻȻһ͵ļ۸
󷼵ͬ־㻹ҪʱðһǵöǵⰡ
ãõģ
󷼿ŶԷ̬ȣﲻһ




105.  105   105 

ǰЩ, ȥ϶ܹһʣǡҪѧУ, ôѧУǿԽһٻ¥ˡ
ٻ¥, ҪϱָߵʣҪ㼯ȫصĸز, ܹϳԺһ, ͸, ʱվͨ, ΪȺ㼯, ɫԼףȷһʵСѧѧ, е, ϶ΪһȦ
, ĺͶԷ̸
˽һЩĸ, ЦԽ, ͶԷ, 뿪
, ָʤռ˲ٵ, ʤװһ, ʤſˡ
ʤԺλʦҲҴ
λʦȻҲһλŮ, ʮͷģ˶̷һװϸ޳ǳĸ
ӵʱĴ÷ڴйأһ¿ˣܹȥִ㣬
ִһ̧ͷһ¿÷㳯÷˹÷ȥִӣִ㣬ȥסĵطȻٴȥѡ
νסĵطѧУ¥
÷޵˹ĵڶ죬¥Ҳúˣšסˡ
סĵط޵رãһģҲһһģ̨ͳ÷˵;ᵽǱȥס죬Ǳרд˵ķ䣬մƵĹʰѩ׵Ĵ׵ȣȻԾԷԼһ˵סŸģȻҲֵɡ
÷·ִ㣬޺õСѧ¥ȥ
˵Сѧ¥ǵһӭϵʦأȹȥЩ塣
÷쵽Ǹڣ¥ĹԱԿס
һߣ÷һ߸ִܣǱһһСԺķӣһ¥ǸϿεؼʦ׼ģʦԽ磬ԽѡסֻҪνʮ꣬ݾˡ
⻰ִ㲻ɿһԵӡ
һС¥ԼǰԺӵĻݵȣžͷǳãסĵطǿ϶Թһַǳ
ִ㿪ʼɫĴ󷼵Ϣ÷Ҳ˵ˡ
ִϴһ÷ִ㣬ȥһԵСԺ¥һȦ
һ¥ïʢĻľܿӰĵذ壬ԼĸֻɳԼɳǰĵ̺ȣ˾˵ʡ
÷ЩеĵҪǸʦҶ۵һ׷ˡ
׵õôõıأõĵط˭Ըסأ
ڴסķӣһЩͨӰˣҪôǶʮƽ׵Ͳ¥ҪôסƽأƽǽӣҲãôɾ
һн˵ķҲ̫ϲһЩ
÷ִֵ㣬ѧУĹʣһĿ
һ٣
һǧʣֻһʱĹʣ֮࣬Ʒţ޺ͨͣʻ漴ߡ
ҲȷִҲһ¡
ִܹѧǼҾ϶ģȻҵ䣬۽϶͡
꾰һһǧԪǾǸнеĸнˣϾ񴦼ɲһҲԪǮĹʶѡ
Ժ÷ִ㣬󷼵ļ
ڲι󷼵Ժִָ߿˼֡
󷼼ִԺ󣬷飬ִ㣬ӭ㣬ѧУҪУǺǵˡ
ִף֪ͬ־ΪʲôҪһѧУأ
󷼵ҽѧУΪƬظرĶ׬ǮҪƬصǣȻҪǣҵСѧˣϣܹõܺõĽѧԴ
ִ⻰ͷ˵˽СѧѳУУһϣ
ǵģѧУǮҿԼǮѧ⣬Ѿˣھ͵˲ˣҲƸһʦֻҪѧУУʱ򣬿ɵˣ⺺רҵ϶Ե˲С
˶٣˵һЩһǧԪĹʣ䷿ݣһһǧԪİҷѵȡ
ⷬ˵ִ˿ڣٿ죬϶ظ
ãлִһˣΣѧУϣļ롣
ϣϯ˴
󷼳һ˼˷ǽĵƬɺȣִԽòˡ
ִ㰮㣬󷼷ǳģճĲˣǺִθڵģкüǹ͢ˣǾԽˡ
һߣлһֱԥţ²˾ġ
һУٴιܽлŮźлŹʱлźȻЩĻˡ
ллѷһֱǷǳĵĹܽлӵģһУΪӺá
Ůȴлŵжд̣޲лǵõֻС
ʼ˪ˣ²ϴлϷϰߣƽԼԺӴȭҲûʲô
һϣԺ󣬽һŲȥһһµ˵ϣˤúݺݵģһʱȫ
պлѷȥˣûڼ
ԣлź˴ʱߵھԺŰл͵ҽԺ
лѷлҵļӶûˣлŤͷʱ򣬷лŮſڶ¶ӵЦݡ
лűͽҽԺԺº룬ٵ֩
ĵ棬ͣôġ
лҾôˣ˭ͻܲף
л仹󣬻ܸɻɲ˻ˣƾź⼸ӴһӾͿͷ

סԺлž͸󷼴˵绰
󷼰һˣܸѧϿ𣿡
ȻˡвŻˣѧУͲʦأĻĹǿԸһСѧУѧʮ꣬ˡ֮⣬ļ𣬹һǧԪһµģѧУǩԼܷһǧԪİҷѡ
õĸлĶˡ
лѷӣҲΪ
ǣܹԼӣǸҪˣ
ȻŷлѷƷлѷֻһˣв˸лѷ˵ˣ̫ȻΪһ۵ˡ
߳Ķлѷˡ
лҲˣͬ䣬˼ҵĺԼˡ
ţлž͵ҵǱ
еģǳӭ
лźһЩԺȥˡ
Ժ󣬵СǿĽңĶˡ
ĵطϿΣ̵ѧһܡ




106.  106   106

лûж࿼, ģͺǩԼˡ
ѧУ˵, ʣµóǲѡ
лҵļӣѧУҲסʱȥס, ͺˣӵδΰ, Ϳлѷˡ
лűôһˤ, ĺ֮, Ҳ¶˾ġ
ǩԼ, 󷼴лŹȥѡˡ
лſ˵һ׷ӡ
׷С, ǵһӣǰ԰Ϳ϶󷼵С٣ǸСԾ, ¥Ǹһһһһ, ¥Ҳ, л廹, ס¥, ԺȽŲ, סһ¥, Ҳ, ƽ, ԼԺﵯԺѼ濴羰ֻݲ, ҲںԺֲ߲ˣҲһȤ
лԽԼľˡ
ǩԼлŵȥȡ˰÷ѣиµĴƷлرĸжЩưʲôģȻҲ׼ˣϸϣҲԿ󷼶ĿС
ֱʶ˿еĸоȸĹʸˡ
ѧУҪʽѧл㹻ʱ䱸ΣʱлҲ׼лѷú˵˵ˡ
ڶ죬лѷպó˳ץˣлѷ黹ͦõġ
лˤԺȽźЩ㣬ǰѷö˳
ڷϣлѷлȽŲ㣬ɵţôˣ
ǰԺˤһӡ
ȻˤˣôӲȥ
һԣлСſӵ֣ýӲһ¡
лűտڲ̸飬ĵлѷСӣҿҲѧˡȥ׼Сѧˡ
лѷ˵ǣСҲˣӦСѧˡ
˼˼󣬵ȳ극лŵлѷ㵽鷿ЩҪ˵˵
ţʲô飿ǲǺǲҺúһ٣
лŵҪ˵Ĳ£һ¡ҴȥСѧʦȥˣһûʮ꣬ȥСѧʮʦȫǿԵġԣļʲôţҪǰźá
лѷţ˵Ҹİ
лſлѷһۣΪż̾˿óлѷĽĽÿ£һ룬Ǯպˣճ˱ҪԼ𣬾Ϳ԰
һ£лŵлѷҽѼȥסúÿһ£ӲСˣʵҲܶˣΪĺӣ壬㲻ܰԼŪһ㣬ˤֵ浹һ͡лѷ˵ģҲЩˣúÿһ¡
л˵Ļǣлѷĺͻȥÿ¸˶ķþˡ
Ͼӣ裬Ҳ֪жĺӣܵΪԼΪ
лѷӣǺӽӻԺֻܶ˰Լʱ򣬺һ㣬ԼĺӣۿҪСϵģֻܽһ£лѷһ˲ܰѼһ̵á
ллѷȻлС˽ô죬⺢һлѷһԺﵹлŹˤ鶼óҲлźġ
лѷ⻰Ȼɫˣϵĸɫת䣬ʹ֮ɫһ૵ţӲ£һúõĽѵǣ㡭ˡ
лҡͷѾǩЭˣҲȥˣҵĺӣҪģСҿԴȥտţ㿴Űɡ
˵껰ҡҡͷ׼طʰڶͰˡ
߳ȥʱ򣬿лС˽̽ͷ̽ԣ߹һۣתͷˡ
л֪ǣԼͲԼء
ˤ죬ǿԺ̽ͷ̽Եġ
ӿԼʹ࣬ҲҲˡ
Сһֱһ㶯ûУºлѯʣ˵˯ˣӻԼܵлŵҽԺлţģӰӶлŻȥʱ򣬷ԼҲһ׳졣
ҲлԸӵԭ
ڶ죬лһҪȥȥˡ
лѷ׷еĽӹ˳лȥҴ塣
ԭлѷȰ˵һлţȿĻ˲ˡ
лǩԼסԺִҲǩԼˡ
ִ㲢ԸУУ󷼣ֻУУ󷼿һ£ǴӦ
ִʦУǿ϶ðУһݵĹҲȥ
ԣִĹʣֱᵽǧԪһ¡
ǵǱʦˡ

ԭֻʡǱʦģִ㽨ڵ̨ҲǸ棬һ£۾һһ¾ʹӦ
ҪѧУǿ϶ҪԴʵԴѧУķչ϶Ϊ
ǣô˼ѡѧУأǿ϶ʦ϶Ҳ֪ѧУ
ԣ߼Ƹ߹棬νһá
֪ôһѧУ֪ѧУʦǺǿġԹԣһһǧԪĹأģʲô˲Űסŵ䷿ӣаҷѣ
֮ôŻݵʦǿ϶һˡ
˲Ž̵ѧôһˣ
֮¾ôԤ
ȥϵ棬ܿͰѹԤ
͵̨ǺܸģͨԺ󷼵Ĺ棬ܿҲͿˡ

ľƽ͸ĸֵһһͲ¥һʮˣĸĸҲɩӣԼûɼҵ׵ĵܵܡ
綼ɼˣֱһӣԭСҲʮƽ׶ѣڣľƽӴ»ص͸Ӽˡ
ɩָɣˡ
ɩӴǼƽǵ깤ȥİôһЩ꣬һֱسԺҲҲأƽ˵㣬࣬ôҲһݹأһˣһֱżҲǸ°Ҫ˵ǻسأƽɩҲϱһӲǣ
ľƽϱ廪ҵĴѧΪɷֲˣò׻سǣΪûйϵԾҲһݹ
سǵʱ򣬵ҵһ㹤˸ɻɵ̫ˣתͷ˼ҸڣͰ˿ˡ
ԭǰе˶ȥˣǸȥ˶ûȥ˰
˱ԺĴҹһֱûҵסڼľҶӶ࣬ľƽһֱǸмģܴģĸҲʼˡ
׵ҲԺҸҪТ˳Ͻӹ鷳һӣôˣдϱģ
⻰˵ľƽϱصĿˣǱʹࡣ
ľƽסĿڣܵ˼¡

ΪһˣܺúõչӣΪӣĸΪ׸ֻϽʧǰͲǸϽﱾСԽסˡ
ǰǰ˵û
ľƽķңͷ¥ȥ
·һʱʶ˷һ̣һµɴ۾
ƸʦһһǧԪס
һпƭһǣȴʡձݣ١
Щ٣æֽϸ
ȿ걨ֽݣ鼤ѡ
ݹģôܹõôһݹͿԴ뿪ӿӣܹ޶ˡ

ľƽ۵ͳǮһʡձ
Ȱѱֽãͣ㣬ϻ˼
ԱߵĽ䣬÷ڿˣǷҲֻڲԱŪһľպסţûǵ֮չ˺ˡ
ԣʹܲ׻ϣӲ
뵽ʹ˼¡
ľ;ܣЩ
ľƽʱ߻ġ
ľƽ÷ϧһеĵ÷ӣҸ㿴һ
ʲô
㿴
÷ɻĽ˹ȥƬԺ÷ͳ˺ľƽһĹâ
طȻǸ壬ȥ԰ɣȥһ°ɡ
ǵģֻҪһݹ뿪ļأֻҪһݹһŵĵطܱǿ
ʵϣǮѾ֧ĳˣľƽֻӲͷƤȥĸ׽Ǯ
ոտڣͱʹһ١
ûǮһǮôˣТӾˣҪǮȥɣ
ľƽǳܣȴֻתͷȥĴǮ
ոտڣһʹľƽ͵һĲֵ
ֵطһǼٵģʲôͷԣѹһҲһݺùޣǰͷȥʹ࣬㻹Ҳվӡ
磬ֻһԪǮĳѣ¹ˡ
ľʹһԺ󣬻һëǮûнľƽ
󣬻÷һΣһָóľɩŸ÷һԪǮ
ľƽһԪǮȥȥ
һǮѵӢۺ˶ûǼƸǼϢ˸ô졣
ʵϣľƽﶼˣҲֻ취ˡ
ԭ˵ȷںˣҲûл
ľƽѧרңܵãΪľ·棬ûٷ׼
˵˴ǲ·ҴҵĳҴȥˡ
ȷǾסˡ
ԭ뵽ǴӣΪ϶ݵͰƶпʯͷƽ̵ĵ·ɵ棬ǿ·ǳ㣬ٿӣҪôǼ¥񷿣ҪôСΧ˭뵽ĿŸ󣿣
⵽һʲôӰ
ٿˣ˶룬ﾹȻû˹ţҲû˴·
Ǩ󣬶ЬأȱǮ
ľƽ޳ױľסˡ
д˿ˣǸɶİ
æѱֽǳǡӦƸʦġ
ԭӦƸʦģǱأߵһԱ߾Сѧȥɡ
ллͬ־
ԺԼգ
ԷĻˣſյ䣬ϽСѧſڸϹȥ
ȵݣһԵĹԱæӭ˽ȥ
ܿ죬ִ߳ˡ
ѯ˵ѧԺ󣬵һ¿γ̡
ҲٳӣԼȤķ潲
ľƽѧݣ÷ǻѧݡ
󷼵ʱҲں˽Σ˽꣬󷼾;ã˽Сѧ̫ˡ
Ҳ¼ˡ
˽Ժԭĵأ˵˶¼Ժ˶һɵˡ
ı¼ǡҡӹ
⣬ľʦʦӭǣλʦһ·࣬ǩúͬԺ󣬾ͿȥѡݣϢˡ
κĿ˺ͬͬǳŻݣﶼǳĸӣҲδ̫һ㡣
֪ǰİѧУͬ־һλǨбʲԺҰˡ
˱쵽С¥ǰʼѡӡ
󷼵Ŀǰֻʮ¥ͬ־ֻȥסһԵĵԪ
ڿ԰ԺָǸˡ
ôݻӣԺǵļˣ
Ȼչ˿һѡһ׷ӣ˶Ǻˣգֻѡһ׷ӡ
󷼶˵ƷԽˣԺִʣư裬ԼһǧԪİҷѣϴȥԼԷԼǽӷԺ뿪
ˣڵõôһݹһֱκģȫš
ľƽӵλͬ־ǺˣԺһҪúõʦرͬ־
÷ǿ϶ģ˵Ķˣ
СǸɾĲɳϣãһС
ȵȷǷһзǮԺ̲סӵһʹһ

ʵϣľƽޣбĸĿ˵ӹĶˡ
ЩȻϢʵԣǸ߶ĸĶʹֻһСɽ壬ǸһԪ˭Ըأ
ԣ˶Ķˡ
ǣԺ󣬾һһȺʦ
󷼺ִæȰ˰ѧУʳãôԷˡ
һȺӿ뻹ûѧУȿѧУĸʩ̲סˣĺܺãһԵĽҺؼһ԰󷿹һȦ
ôһȦ˸Ķˡ
ڵĵλѽʹȥˣһҲֻжʮԪǮĹʣʹߵģҲֻһٶԪǻǴɲеĴ
ڣؼʦǾһǧԪһµĹʰʹؼʦҲԪһ£Խ󲿷ֵĹнײˣ˭Ըأ
˼һ䷿ӡ
ôƯķӣ˭ϲأ
ڳһʮסʮƽ׵ķҲǳ¡
ˣԽˡ
ԭΪƭӻƴӵǣʱȫ߸
ѧУʳã˾Խļˡ
ﲻɾ࣬ңҲԵ̫ˡ
ÿزˣǶܴÿ˻ԵĶӳš

ĳһ٣Ժ󣬾Ϳʼ׼ˡ
˴һң˶һݼȻ̨Ρ
ôȻѡвŻãƷõ¼ˡ
̭ˣҲһһӵķ档
ûб¼õһӷ㣬¶õЦݣ̵ˡ
İ£½ǰԺ󣬵ӹֹͣˣⲨŽͣˡ
ҪƸ˲ţҲƸˡ
Ƹ˲ԺѧУʱѧģľѰ༶ȰźԺ󣬴￪ʼ̰ͳ
ʵϣ֮ǰ˱ˣ˵ӹ棬˭ѧУȿѧУףٿѧУ˾͸Ķˡ
ȷ˰༶ԺҲ׼һˡ
Уſڣ󷼰Ѹֵã󣬴ӡѧУſڡ
Щ·ˣǰ鿴ˣУſڵʦԺ󣬶Ķѡ
ѧϰѧԺ϶ٲˡ
æȻ죬ĩδɽˡ
δɽæûȵ󷼣Щֹ




107.  107    107 С

󷼼δɽֹ, æɽ磬ôˣ
δɽ, ǳӺѧУҪиʲô𣿡
ɽƼ𣿡
δɽ, мҪˣڹ, ǻũ, ֻ¹øѡ
⻰, æ, ﵱȻҪ, ˣǿ϶ˡ
󷼵ѧУ͹Ҫҿ׵ɻЩ˲湦, һƷ׵˲С
󷼵ѧУ, 㿪չ»Ĺ, ̵ĺ, ƷԸ, ܸġ
δɽʱ, 󷼵ȼüˡ
ҲͰ뷨˵δɽˡ
δɽԺ, һ, , ֻҪ鷳ͺá
󷼵ܹˣ
ʮˣµı, յղ취
ʮ˶£ֻҪƷԵġʵϣ֮Ļû̫ҪҪѧУߣƵˣҪܿΡ
϶û⡣
ǽһˡ
ϣδɽ§󷼣̲סЩ˼δɽڲӣһûˡ
ںδɽ󷼵ʱȴȻһĶģһƿ˺δɽ
Ż
̲סһŻɫЩѿ
δɽæ߹ıôˣ
һŻعüͷȻЩ֪ôˡ
δɽһȥ
áǳθðˣġ
ϣ˹һ˯ˡ
˵ڶһ磬δɽһһļ棬𴲣Ҫȥ裬Ҳδɽסˡ
˯𴲣ʱѾˣɫ˲٣󷼿˿ֱһѾʮˡ
δɽ˿ɫĵͷɫ˲٣ߣһЩȥȥ
Ժ󣬻Ǿ÷ǳŻ£ȣԽ޷ܣһڶԲ¡
˶˲ñģҴҵȥϵҽԺȥˡ
ҽԺδɽˣǸΰæġ
Ժ󣬺Ȼͬ־ϴεʲôʱ򣿡
⻰ʵЩסˣϸϸһ£ɵûˡ
ӵĸףһʶĹؼ
δɽһҲһסˡ
ҽ˵ӣȥ飬̣˶ǳ
󷼵Ҳ𣿡
δɽĶӣòˣûУֻҪ彡ͺá
ȻϣһԼĺӣദԽãԽһ˵ĺӡ
ܿˣ󷼵ȷˣѾˡ
ҽӺֻܽҪú壬ˣҴĿǰĲʳͬ־Ŀ˫̥̥ģͬ־ԽҪϸˡ
һ¶סˣδɽſͣϵЦݺϲסûͣ¹
δɽֻҪһ뵽ԼΪӵĸףֵúϲ£
Ǵ￪İ
ˣ
󷼾ͺδɽôõദʵ˸ˣ󷼵ԺúõĶԴͺ𣿡
ǿ϶ҵļҲ϶ĸƽ֣ûκε飬Ұ͵ҵӶԴˡ
ϲ
ңһķ٣ҪԱĵģĺӶ࣬ζŴҵ󣬺δɽ˶϶˿ģĥӵ顣
Ӷգ
֪һһŵǧˣ˵ĵҶĺԺԺͰãҾʹżһˣͷǩһЭ飡
δɽûκεĳɣӦ
ͷǩЭ飬Ժ飬ȫУ󷼳ˣҲ׼̥ˡ
ʵϣһ̥õȷʱΪܿ죬Ҫʵʩƻˣ󷼵ʱ̥Ժ󣬻ϾͻṫƻߣǸʱԺδɽְλ˶ʹҪҲǡ
һ̥е֢״̫峤ϱ͹ɩӰ̷ĸ̷ĸȣ취ˡ
Լóɹõĸɲˣƺõ̲ʲôģθ̷ĸŪ߲ˣʱʱһЩ߲ˣ˵󷼹Ȼܳ²ٲˡ
ʮԺ󣬺δɽŵҲˣ󷼰˰Сѧҹ𿴴źѲߵȹ
ЩڣӺУðȫι˲١
ű紵ԽԽ䣬泧ӵ⣬ȴԽԽˡ
Сķ㣬ֻܳԸ뱥ѣڼʱҲΪԵð뱥Խζ
֮Ϊٰĺѡȫʡ֪˷⡣
Ķ죬ȫʡΪǷ㺣ѡ߶ĽĶ
ÿ˶٣ÿ˻
˺ѡһ죬ȦĲнִ̨ѡǱ㰴մ򣬽бˡ
̨ΧвѡֵѣҲвǰΧۿֵ·ˣ˼ҷ㳧Ŀ˵ˣһôƷأÿһСֽӣ׵õĳʳҲ׬ˡ
ԣ˼ˣ˰ˣ֡
ȵϾŵ㣬̨ˣƸһѧǷ㳧ƵĹԱ÷ǳرãڳⱻѡΪ㳧ѡδ˵ˡ
̨һ㳧ĸֲƷһԵĹԱСʼ㣬ʱһλѡԱҲ̨ˡ
һλഺĹһ󷽷̨Ͳ˵ݵƷһԼдĸСĲٳ
ֵŮҲŮĸöãǷݴž̲סһ˲ٳһ
Ϊ泧ĵһҲˣźӣȺＷţֻңңĿűݣͨѡˣǱȽġ
Ůίʼˡ
ѧԺʦлţԼͻƽ𱦵ίʦ
ѧԺʦȽרҵл󣬱вѧ۹⣬ʱֶǹٶصڻƽ𱦣ͶˣִǱߵʱУǴǱƽⷽ棬Ҳжصļ⡣
ڴֻڣʦרҵ׸дĲǺܳʣ˼ֱУҸоǳãҸŷ֡
лŵҸŵһ֣СһȻԵã·ͣڼСãҲһԼǳиȾٴҸŵһ֡
ƽЦŵСഺ˵󣬷ǳǵҪ󣬵ǣϣ˵Ļ
ƽ⻰һһԵȺ
һԣĿ˻ƽһۣƽ̲סһһ°͡
ǼȻֽĿ϶Ҫһ־
Ů˵ߺ£󷽵ĵҸһ赸
˵Ż˴¼һӣ




108.  108   108

֮ǵĻ, չݱڻڼ䣬ֳÿ춼ķ, һУҲǻոտʼѣȻʽ, ϶Чá
ߣΪƷӪҵĵط, ƽǷǳص, һֱ, 뿪
Ļ, ȿչ, ڵ̨ʼֱʱ򣬷ĳ׻ˣѩһĶ㳧㳧, 絽, ûͣ
õ, Ȼ˻ˡ
˿һСԺ, , Ͷ
ڻ, ֻҪǮλ, һж˵
˲ٵ豸, Щ豸ٴδле˳, ˵Ҵ塣
һףҴ帽ĻվҲٵĽ, ЩڸȻҪŵĵط޽ӣΪЩסĵط
ͷżʮŹ˸ɻأʮ˵ĳԺҲҪطʱһŴϵơ
Ϊ󷼵ķӶ࣬޵Ư࣬ȫͷµģ󷼵ӡ
ԣѯʳԷʱ򣬰ͷ˵ͬæˡ
ͷԷͷ۸ģһ¼۸񣬷ִпΪȻƸŴŪ
Ŵϵ̯λӹ˿Ժи˲٣ҲĻȥˡ
󷼸ҵԺ󣬶û˵ͬ
ֻһô˵ķʵ̫ˣ˴峤ϱһɻ峤ϱҲͬ
ǣһӪʳҲ˵ˡ
ɴ峤ϱŴһϻ󷼵һ¥һ¥ʳã˵ķˣһأȡķݶۣΪŴպãʳʰ÷ǳĸɾĴģҲ򷹡
ԭЩĿӯŴ㣬ڵһзԺ󣬵вѯʷˣֱӶ
Щûд򵽷˵ˣŴԷһ˿ߣô˶ˡ
һ£Ŵ̵ʳÿʼɻ
ԱŶ㣬ŴĿڲźװʵûôãʳֻƣԸˡ
ȻˣʳõʱҲ⿪һڣһ԰ڷһЩѾΪϰˡ
ĶʱֻԼҵ±Ҳ˽
Щ±ⷽ˴ˣò˵ĴһؼˣЩ±⾹ȻҲСϲ
ϾﶼǲǨǮ
ڴһ¥һ¥ҲһС
СҲͽһЩӻʱġ
ûһƸţ˺ܿû˸˵Сȥ꣬˱ˡ
ôҲҪֺ졣
󷼼Ҫһķֺ죬ȻͲֻ꣬ˡ
ǣԭÿ춼ûɵˣڿɾˣÿ緹һȥȥˡ
һҡΣǰһ̿ٿŵӣȻʱʱģ˹һ˵лӹñǰȷ˲١
룬ÿĶ棬ñˡ
ЦȴǮӷˡ
ŶӣСһ⹫ҪǷˣǿҪúõ
ĺӣͶһ£󷼸ʸС
سŶĵڶҷװ꣬Ҳ˳Ŷ۹ӻƽһǷǳʱֵʽЩʽڽǸûУĻһ£һɶõĲˡ
ŶԸ򣬺ܻ··ˣûвġ
һΣһصŮǰ·ԷأһĵԱƾͻԶԷģŶ㲢۵ŮˣĸŮ˽ܹŵ··ص㣬գŮ˴һرɫ·
Ů˷ǳл·߸˵ˡ
ԺŶĶФɰˡ
Ŷһ£æФɰ߳˵
߳ŶЩˣɰأϲʲôӦЩʲôȥ
Фɰشֵĵϱȥʲôá
ФɰصһδŶؼȥ̸ôõĶǵһμҳŶ϶ġ
ФɰصĻŶ㲻һ£ܲģ
ν˲֣ʹΪڣŶ϶Ҳš
ҲҿŶ׼ȴФɰػصԼӣڼһƿƣһг
ƵͶڸرãŮҲãҲ
һƿУһ˿˿ݽĻ·ģ˿رã˿Ʒؼ˿ǳĺÿ
͹ȥȲֵĸ߶ˣҲԵúᡣ
˾ͳФɰظĸȥ
μҳΪҲ̸ôˣҲˡ
ФɰصĸĸûԺ󣬽ǼŶߵˡ
Ŷߵݼ˫顣
ŶǷǳóģʱźɫСƤЬһװɫķ£ɫë£ϵ˿һСӣ˿Ե÷ĸִ󷽡
ФҸĴԺ⣬ԺھӿФɰһĦǵŮ߹š
ȿŶģɵӴСФŮѻؼŮѣǰ䰡ÿһò

Фɰ¶õЦݣŮС
Ŷ¶Цݣ尢̺ã
Ӵúã⻹￴źøߵӦòˣФ϶ǻȥԷˣ»ȥФ϶˻ˡ
˴к˿ФҵĵԪ¥ȥ
߹󣬸ھӲۣӴÿ治Ǵ磬·žʹ󷽣ǸĹ˼һأɲˡ
ַھӶŶӡ󶼺ܺá
Фס¥ǵλֵķӣͦģһٶƽ
Фɰ˷ţһŮ˴˷š
裬ǻˡ
ˣããݣСǰɣ죬ݳԷˡ
Фɰ¶ЦݣкŶһӡ
ŶԺ󣬿һԵŮˣһ¡
Ů˿СҲһ£ţ¶ϲЦݡ
ФɰصĸסС֣Ӵԭ㰡죬£ҼСӣ۹治
СҲû뵽ʼصĿˣȻФɰصĸס
̣ãҸƷ
Ӵˣôɶ
ӹݸһĿƵˣҲФɰصĸס
Фɰغĵ裬Сʶ𣿡
Ӵ˵ҲԵ֣ҿʼȥ·˵ɣպȥСĵ·СˣҺܶཨ飬㿴·Сģྫ񰡡СǺ۹⣡
ˣǰƷòףʶأʲôÿأ
˼һവһ
̸ФɰظӶһ
ФͰѷˣȥ˷˳ŶҪȥæФĸס֣ǸӸɻȥͰ̺ú˵
Фĸ˽һŶļͥȣ֪ŶԼ󣬲û¶ɫŶһ
ڵ˶룬ȻŶϲʲô˲֪ٱȻá
ȳ˷ФɰشŶǣФĸŶһŶƴһ£Ҳˡ
óФҵĽФĸΪˣǼõġ
ŶߺФĸҲɷϸϸ˵
￴ŲҲϸᣬƵĶӣǶ׬ˡ
ƣһֱû
ȴ˿ͺƣФĸֵ϶С͵ģǶӿ벻ЩӴ˿ʱ֣ܴ𣿡
ӴƺãǱİɣǱߵĶŪ
ԺФĸ˿¥ˣھһٿ䣬ФĸǶŶˡ
һҳǳ׶ˡ




109.  109 Ļ   109 

ҳԺ, ˫ܿȷ˻¡
ѾˣŶĻ£ͶԪ
ŶŴ˵绰, ŴһȷԪ϶˲μŶĻ¡
Ŷ, һʱ޷ϵֻܵŶϢˡ
, Ŷ㿪ʼ׼, ФǱ, Ҳæ׼Ƹ, ƽǱҪ׼, ФǸ˼ң㣬˫ǳ졣
һߣŶһӵ, ֮ǰȥɵֵܼôһӵ, ۾ɴˡ
æѯŶ, Ŷ, øҳＯĻ, ȫʯͷǮ
⻰˵ֵĽˡ
ֵܼҲкü, ǽü޵ͨͨ, ƽﲻҪͲ, ﻹôֱֵܣ
֪Ŷܹ»س, ⹤Ҳ󷼸취ŵԺֵܾԽĽˣ, ӣϵˣҼüҲһӾʹĥãܲܿӶɣֻһֻһֻ۾ﲹãҼҵʲԺҵĺӿ϶˲ٵĳʳܲܿԼӶøɰͰ͵ģֵֻ米
˵ҲǸпѡ
ŶһԽھˣԼԲԼã֮ǰԼΪĹΡ
ŶҲ¶˾ģԺҪúõĶԼãԼõļӣȥôõӣ
ʤܣһʣôã
ŶǱигҴһЩʹȥۣ߻ʯͷ
Ŷ粢ûֵܣֵܵҪҪһЩ׬һ·Ǯʣµ׬٣ǵġ
ֵܸмæӦ
ŶĶǽλֻҪл
˷ֱǮŶֻ߲ȥ·ȥˡ
ŶѳӿУҲʼ
Щǽλ۸ֱȰٻ̵ˣ˲ģ˵ô̵ʯͷʯͷǷӵ˼ңʯͷһĹŶͻһѵʯͷ
Щʯͷһ˿̣ŶƾŸо˲ٵʯͷ
ҲǮֱ򣬻Ѹֱ֮ӻŶҲӦˡ
ĹɶǳۣһܻһӵĹɡ
ʱ˶˹ɡ
Ŷȥʣһ磬һ󳵾ѾһˣǮʵıȫˣ֮⣬ʣµʺ͵ϵʯͷɣǴ׬ġ
ȵ磬ӭ˻Ĵ󳱣ٵõϢˣ֪ͨѣ֪ͨԼѣǶԼҳԲĹɣȥʯͷǰˡ
пƯ·ģҲпϸģҲпƷģҲпϸֹͷ֮ġ
ûеĸˮͷܵ˴ҵĻӭ
򿪹ͷζ˻ζѡ
Уôϲëһˮһ£ԼһЩ߲ˣԳԱ
֮磬ŶͰѻȫ˳ȥˡ
Ŷ翪صסֵҲ궫ˡ
ֵǿˡ
ʵϣŶֵܵĻл׬˲Ǯģֵ߻ԺҲһ´׬һʡ
һĻһڿ󳡸ɻ׬ǮҪࡣ
米ˣΪ׬Ǯ
߶ֵҲĶˡ
ֵ֪ŶеʶԺ󣬶ߵԽĶˡ
ֵܵŶֵܣǱ߻ŪֵܻһЩȥ
ŶɣȰʯͷھ𳵻ȥ˻ȥǿ𣿻˵Ļ࣬Ƕһ󣬻⣬ã϶
УǿȰʯͷչţЩʯͷɶð
ṩЩʵһϲʯͷʯͷȥʣ˵ȥɽ
Ŷԭ
Ȼ㻹ȥԼаһʯͷɽأǺӵǱߣǱߵʯͷ㿪ɣֻҪһ㹤Ǯˡ
ŶôϲӵǱʯȿȥ
ʵϣǿʯͷ飬Ŷˡ
⸽϶ԭʯģֻǲ֪طѡ
ֵܴȥߵĺӵ˿ˡ
ŶǸģںӵͷ˲Сʯԭʯ
ȥ˵صĸˣڸ˳ŵһ̨ӻԺһɽ
Ŷֱͨʯͷص˽ǡ

λ˴ĻѴԭʯ󷼵Ŀⷿ
˵Ҳ鱦⡣
Ŷ뷨Ŷȥſ󳡣Ǳ˲ʯȣԴ׬Ǯ鱦ֻۣܽˡ
󷼺ŶֹȷԺҲʼæµ
ȣ󷼿϶Ҫһ鱦˾
ⶼҪ
ƽʱڽأ֪Ҫһ鱦˾Ƿĺ棬󷼴ƽ𱦲ιĿⷿԺ󣬻ƽ𱦳۷ˡ
ƽ𱦵Ǹͬ־㿴ŷ
ƽͬ־л˵
ͬ־ȻˣҾʵʵ˰鱦˾ˣ϶Ҫɣ
ǿ϶ģҴ㵽ʱȫ鱦ꡣ
ȫ鱦Ȼôƹ㣬ȴһ⣬ʱҪһ۾һľӪ
󷼵ԣ
ԣ?ģҲװռıˣҿ϶Ǯֳ
ƽ𱦿󷼵Ŀ֪ⷿ󷼿϶пԴǰķ·Ķѡ
󷼿һ£Ӧ˻ƽ𱦵󣬲ֻƽ𱦰ٷ֮ʮĹɷݣƽ𱦣Ҫۿ겿ֳʵȡ

Ŷٴλصǵʱ鱦˾Ѿˡ
һ鱦꣬Ҳڽǵİٻ¥ųһ濪
鱦˾ֽС鱦еȼλΪҪͻȺ塣
ŶҪ飬󷼴ѡһǶ׽ΪԼҵԭʯ󷼲ûлʲôǮ绨һ̨ڰ׵ӻļ۸ö࣬ǣȴŶ˲̧ۡ
ŶФ迴ֱΪұˣɼһĳɫ֮á
Ԫ֮ǰ糾ɫܺõŶҲˡ
ΣŶ˸ԭʯ˺üΣŴӻվԭʯ˻˿ⷿ
ҴطŶĻ񣬴ҴϯѣҲסĵط
˻ǰϦŴһҲˡ
Ŵһң֮ǰҴӡΪģèʺ޴½ŵĵطǵһӣһ˿ӵģһ¶ˡ
죬Ǹ޵Ҳ̫ˣסӣƯˡ
ٿ󷼵ĳӵȣǸ𾪣ͬʱҲ󷼵⣬һһӡ
ԼããĸŰ




110.  110 ·   110 

ŶĻǰ, Ҫ¡
һҵˡ
ҵһľװİֱҴ, Ѱӡ
˿ҵΪΰشأ濴, Ӵ, ҵ, զˣһǲž񰡣
ҵһ, ñĵ, , һҲ
ˣҵڳİٻ¥զˣСӿɵö㰡ǶǮ, ɲܹˣ
ҵһ, , Ҳû޽ٻ¥
⻰, , , ﶼǮ, ô˵û޽ٻ¥ء㡭ⲻҪѴǨǮƭ߰ɣ
ҵ, ûǵǮ, ôƭǵǮأ
⻰˵һԵĴɫѿˡ
ץסҵݺݵĵС, ҪǸƭǣǲǼҵģ
ǡӴ߳ӿҵ۾һֱˡ
ҵ
ҵ̧ͷԼϵĸס
ŮˣİԼģ˼ңԺǻ˼ҵŮ˾ͻˣ˼ұ㲻ԸΪ˰ˣͿʼŷǴΪūΪ澵ӡ
üܾĥԺЩûˡ
ҲҵǸϽˣΪһ·ŵˣһֽƼ飬ֱȥ˾Ŵĸ˳
ͨܶҵҲˣԣصĹ翴
Ҫ֪Լĸ׵ģҵҲһͻһʣȻˣǰҲ֪˴ӲǨϢԼҲһʲǨϢ
ҵλҲǴѲǨߡ
ˣҲΪԼСҴˡ
ʱҵ̧ͷһ¿ӣмʮ꣬ҵһϳԼĸףϳǸԼĺŮˡ
ҵֱӵΪʲôҪң裬ôôģˣ
ԭֵĴˣһ¸סˡ
ҵ
һеզ£
ӼҵĵһۣҲǰҵ˳
ǸĶӣȻôˡ
ӵӡӳĬȫΰϲһӣǳӣʱΪ춨˵λӴСϲȻҪһӣǿ϶Ĭʵµӡ
ֻû뵽ӾȻҲһһ죿ҿò
ӿתӿ٣һͻĲɲǣ˲ٵС˼
ŵҵأ費װһӶˣ㣬᲻㱻ŰǮ˼ҵģܻ
ҵĸٵĿԼǸıݣ¶ѹɫ
裬ƭˣﵽԲ𷹵ʱңΪͶ⣬ûǮҵģҶˡ
⻰˵ϻģһʱ˶ӣӸоϷĻ
и˵ӴզоԾǰǴҵĻô˭
ڣһװ緢˳Ŵ߹˵ϤˣΪǰҵһģһ
ǡΰ
ɶΰ
һʱ˶ɴ۾˼µĳĬ֮С
дҵҵЩ꣬һֱڲһֱûлع𣿡
ҵǵģһֱڲӣһֱûлعӣ
ӣ˵ɫͱøˡ
˶ɵӣǰҵҵһֱڲûлش壬ôǸðҵˣ˭ţ
һҵһģһˣ˫ֵ̥ΰ⣬˭
뵽ΰһ˫ԺΰȥȢ˳Ůѩѩһʱ˵Ŀⶼü
װΰ߹ֱӵΰ˵㣬ⶼɶ°ôһЩˣðҵɶ㿴󷼶õһŮӣΪȢĹŮӶŮ˵㻹𣿡
һáΰЦӯӯһֲ
ΰžװҵΰ˲һС
ʱΰϣ¶ǳӵɫ
ã̾һϹҶԲסԲס󷼺ͺӣһˣ̰Ľ٣ۣҾһĹεĶ
ɲǣΰԼƣԼкžžžɲǣԼʮˣ֣ȴһֱûͣ
˵ԲģֵܺϱŮӦǵǸ
ҵԲð
ҵĵԺˣΰǷˣ˵ǴӲǨҵǷݲǨҰɣҵǮҾˣԺҲٻˡ
ΰΣһ£ҵʱûǮǮͶ뵽ｨٻ¥ˣҵҿԸдǷȿһЩ𣿡
аɣдǷ
ΰдһʮԪǷҵ˿û׷ֱǷתͷˡ
Ӽеĵҵҵ裬谡Т˳Ķզôˣ㵱˾˲㻹ܲ𣿡
ҵĵҪȥֱ˵˿𣿡
Ӵһģһ˵ˡ
ٻعҵѾԶˡ
ҵôһΣҲ㳹˽һУһ˿룬Ҳشˡ
ΰȴסڴģͬʱΰðҵӭȢŮӵϢҲȫ塣
˸ǰٻ¥Ǵ˿񣬱ôѰζˡ
ڱֽϿӵŮѩѩΪͳίͷ͵ǮץŵϢԺ󣬴˿ΰĿ⣬ԽѰζˡ
Ŀżֿ񣬼ֻȡ
ΰǰٻˣٴλˣΰĺޣȴԺԾɺһͷ͵顣
ͷһƬ̣
ĪΰĳЩ治У

Ǵݵøģİ˹֣Ҳȷʵ̫һ㣬ң㣬ۼһ۰ԡ
ΰеҲôȥˡ
ϾҪУһŮ˶뿪
˼ңҪǲУһ嶼ߵģһĴ󲿷˶Ҳˣ˼Ҳ˵ΰİԣ˽Ҳⲻֻ
ģӵĴһңҲԽ˿ˡ
Խܿ˼ң˼
ΰԽһشˣԭôÿλش壬˿񶼹ֵֹġ
֪ʲô飬пѱ簡
Ϊͬʱһֻ̨ø˰Ǻѩѩ׽ڴǼͬ־ԺֱӴȥġ
ϧȻ˱СˣѩѩҲɹЬͷվûöĺá
һմһõСؤСкһӣѯΰļȴѯԺСкֱӵҽΰĶӡ




111. [] 111    111 

СкҽΰĶԺ, æΰ˹
ͬʱ۷׷ףΰ̫, ôܰԼĶӶ²أϱͷñӣҲܰϰ
һԣСŴ۹, ľһ
ʵϣȺ֪Լΰˡ
ǵĶӳ˲, , ľ˽´ȺȥԳԺȺ, ȥĶǸߵ, ⺢ӶԼϵΰ, ˡ
ΰѩѩļǸʵģܼһˣܷܳͬ, ѩѩ, ΰŮûʲôɫ, ƽûٵѵΰ
ҲΰΪʸȨ, һ̡
СȺ, Ҳ, Ͷΰ, ֪ԼǼù˽, һ̶ѡ
, Ⱥѩѩΰˣΰһũȣǿ϶֮Ӹ⡣
ϧǺѩѩļ鱩¶, ֱܳ˾ٱ̰ۣһʱܼһӶ˾ˣȺһ¾ͳΪһ˶ͯȺһԺֻΰˡ
Ⱥڴͷȴΰʱ֮ɫһһķߺޣ룬ΰԺ϶Ҫģ
ȫҿϵũ񣬾ĸĸ⹫ˣȫͽ˾ˡ
ԴˣȺôأ
ΰʱһˡ
Ͱ͵Ŀΰĺΰ֡ءҺ㰡
ΰӸ£׵Ķӣȹ۲һΰЦһӦ֪˭װְɣͱˣϾ˭ҲɵӰ
Ⱥ⻰ɫһ±ˡ
Ⱥսȭͷ֣ɶ˼
ɶ˼֪豳ңСʱҿǰİͷεĶԴ㣬һֻأզģ㻹ҰװĲɣɣӸǰˣҿɲӣ
ͷѾˣҲںˡ
ΰѾƹˤˡ
ȺôĿధ󣬻Ǳΰˡ
Ǻܳӵˣձְֳˡ
ȻûΣǹҲûˡ
һΣȺǳļӣȻù˰ϣǳ£ȺҲɪųԸٲԭ緢ԭˣǺ̰ܳ۵ⱻٱȻҲûǰ;ȺҲû˿ɽҲ޷ԭ˺󷼵ˡ
һߣԭŮҲϳš
Դ뿪˻еңӺܿѹ˼̰ۣԷ֤ȷ䣬˲ˣûΣǼķӣҲʲôûˡ
ǳ֮λǱȡˣеˣֻܴŽϷӣǮ˰˻е
ʧҵˣΪĽҲŲ£ͨ㹤ԸÿձڼȾͿԲˡ
ȥԺ󣬽ԷͶˡ
Ǯһܹƶˣĳһ죬Ǯֱ͵˽ҵϸˡ
ǮڱŶӣŮܵʱֱӱһš
ǮݺݵĵҶĺӸģڲŶӺͶװһѣҺû飬ɲҵɡ
תͷǮ鱧źӣеһסһǸ˺ǮĺӼһģһ˵Ӷѡ
ǮŮΪԭŮԺȻǮ飬˼ס
Ǹ񣬺Ժ󣬾Ͷ޶һǸɫǣԭŮһЩʱЩͰԭŮˡ
ԭŮҲһݶģһݣɱһŪһЩĢֱӸ˰ѾֱӶˡ
ڳˣ϶ˣԭŮһЩٹ
ȼԺǮټˣԽݲԭŮԭŮȥŮֱ˺ȻǺˡ
Ժ󷼵ŮСһ㱻ֺţ˻ԭŮȴֻͼһһҹŪһǮıȻҲǺˡ

ʮһʱŶĻ񣬰رĺá
ҴطŴʳõط󣬿ϯŮļױø̸ۼʮˡ
г˲ʵ磬䣬ϴ»ȡ
¹֮࣬ȫʵľҾߣʽӱѵõģ۾ֱˡ
Фǰӭ׵ˣڿ󷼵ķӣԼ޵ĶԺ󣬶ˡ
ԹԣЩɶǺö
ФɩȢúãϱƯܸɣҲ
Фӭף˺üСŶһ棬޵ĸּױôֱ˵˳·
Ф֪ӲƸȫˣôʣһ֪ԼҲз棬Խĸ߿Ŷˡ
ܵ˵Ŷ£ļá
ڻԺŶϲˣһСкװФͷ޸ֻˡ
һ˺ڣԽԽˡ
һߣڴµĳһ죬ֱӱ͵ҽԺˡ
һ̥ĺӣһҲû󷼣͵ҽԺСʱһӾˡ
ڶҲ˳ˡ
ûһΣȻ̥
ǸƤĺӣһֱڽţһֱûȳʱ֪󷼻˸̥
δɽ֪󷼱͵ҽԺˣҴҵĴפҽԺϣһ·ţҽԺ֪Ӷˡ
δɽæզˣ
˺ֻܽҪúӾС
أ
ǶܽѾ͵ˣֻҪ۲켸죬˺ӶܳԺˡ
飬δɽ˲ȿŲ󷼣æ󷼵סˣ
¶Цݣȥǡ
ã
δɽϽȥӡ
ȿһµɴ۾
ʹųһֱ侲Գ֣̲סôǡޣ
̥ȷӣϴк϶ŮкڻǶ̥ҪһӤһ
ã
δɽѯ˲ҽںӺͲ飬ˡ
ԺþԱȥ˲ٵĶٵĺųǰˡ
˼٣ҽԺϱͺӡ
һµޣΪӵĸףɵӲŲֺأ
һ죬ųϣһֱɵǺǵЦţЦݾûͣ
Ժ󣬺ܹˣСӣһ¶ҡ
̫ϲˣ°Ѻš
ӣŴʳðæɻֱչˡ
ɩӣϱˣҲʱʱ飬󷼵ӵѹ
ȴźӻ˴ӣúõһӣҲõ˺ܺõչˣһð׾־£žϲ
κͺΰܵãҲǳϲ̫ˣ˸ˡ
󷼳ӵʱ򣬴Ȼ˼ƻ
֪̥Ժ󣬾ûв󷼵ġ
ӴȢ󷼵ˣǿ̫иˡ
ų¼ҹһһ̥ӣɲĸ֮˲е飿
˷ϲ£һӱ໶֣һߣΰӿɲù
ͰֻẰδɽΪףΰףڱΰʱľͲȬˡ
ǮԺЩϲĲΰһСûסͰѲǨǮȥǮ˸һɶ
ΰ޽İٻ¥ѷӸ˷Ժԭܹ׬ǮģΣֻܰѷӷֳȥծ
֮˱ǮԺΰ⣬ȴʧȥȻ
һȥ󷼵ԽԽ󣬳Ϊĸţķȫ鱦˾Ҳˣڴ޽˰ٻ¥ȫصƷȻվͨԺµĵأһ³Ϊɣ𷿵ز׬һʣΪһš
ΰһڴ￪һСǿάưˡ
󷼰Ѱٻ˾ãѧУҲõĵڶ꣬󷼵ĺһҲ˴
󷼵ĸʧҵˣҪŮҪһǮԼҵ
Ǻһˡ
һԺҲһӹҸѣʲô
ң̫ҸĸϵȡϵͳʲôӶᣬֱӶ³ӵĸãֱˡ
ԺŶҵֶΣϴѹµļŮԼϵĸףúһӹʵ
ĺֻܶݺݵĿü˹ϸԣҸ


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