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ߣ¼

İ
˶˵Ǹ̥
ΪˣˣѲÿİþռȥϡϡ䡣ϧˣ˲䶼ҲôÿˣӲ
ֳʳ˶ȹ˼ѵĶ죬һζȹû˵϶
ٺڲĵһʯͷ￪˸ӻ꣬ʳ֮֮࣬ȫۻҡ
ĵһ֣һߴļ˾ĸ֮ǰ趼Ҫɵ֮вſϴļ˾ˣڵͰʯͷﵭʹֵΪ˳Ϊߵˡ
ֱʱ˲Żζ߲ǹ֣

Ķʾ:
һƫͳޣģ
ϼ˾˹VSѰ·
ǲ~

ݱǩ Խʱ  ʳ 
ؼ֣ǣߣң  ǣ  ģģ
һ仰飺ɣɣ㣡
⣺ܶǿϢ

Ʒ
˰߾ϱӼ󣬿ʼı췿ӣռӣֲֲˣڲ￪˵һӻ꣬˷ǽʳڣ߸ǺΪ˲˾İһ𣬴һɹһһѹأͶøá
ķʵϸ壬ݷḻʵů֮²ûйĶǣ־ɳǣеƴ˸ж֮ܶԼıʣһ׳


1 
ҵҹɫУ¹ߵ¹С
˯۾һգգضҹգ׵뵽ֱʵĹֱ
Ҫһҧȥڶ𣬱ڻڿǻУ˳ź䵽θθůĸо
ʿˮ۾ϸһ¹ֱζ
Сǡ಻
ܳ
˼ȫˡ
תͷԱŵ꣬ĵ̾Ͷ̥磬ΪһˣⱲӿܶԲϹֱˡ
߶ԽԽθˮЩոС
ϳ̫ˣƶס
ת˸̾˿
չһĴڷǰҲԲ°
ҺǰʮʶûλҪȻÿʳˡ
֪Ͷ̥ͶӵĻȥͶ̥
ʳڸпܶһЩ
θôҲҪŪóԵģϱӵĳռװɵˡ
Ȼ綼ҪԼ
߳ѹŵëڶϣǿԼ˯˹ȥ
ڶ۾ʱѾ
һ̽类ǱѾˡ
Խѱߵ⿴
УǸǰĻԱߣչЩʲô
ԼԼζ߰ߣζȻô
ˣŅ̀ͷö۾֡
Ǹ߶һͷҷ˸ǷëȹƤЬľµݵϡ
ĺ糿Щ䣬һѴ˸ذ׵ĸ첲ϱһƬƤ
ߵɽԵ
̫ûԶɽŰɫĳ
Ⱥסɽߡ
ɽŵɽѡ
Ϊһ壬ǵľסϰߺ
߻ͷֵ˯ѡ
˯ʵǸѣ°벿ʯͷ̨ӣǷŴĵѣһĸľͷĲ
أʮ㡣
˿峿еĿһ·β̧ȥ
ǼҵĵԽϸߣסڰɽûסˡ
ѾͶˣʯͷľɫѣĲкллңʮƯ
ʱҸ
˻ˣȣΧһëȹʵƯļεΡ
վɽߣĲģصǣԼ¶ĸ
Ͷ̥һ⣬ıϱӻԺһЩ
߿ͻȻһɵվŸ
߶һ£ʶһ䣬תͷ簶ŭĿӡ
緹첻ȥɼˣ
ȥ
ȥĺӱϴ꣬ǰĻ߳緹
Ǹֳڡ
Ǹʢչʳô٣϶˰ɣ
߹ȥһƨǸԱߣϣûУҺ˯ˡ
̧ͷֵܣЦջ˵ӹ๾˰ϣ˯š
֬һˢһºˣյǸϹ˵ĺųҰҹ
ף˭ˣǷǰɣ
ǰһպö㿪ƣתͷ硣
ֵܴսۿһ
ڱϵĸī̧ۣԷ
īһֵϢġ
ߺߺ磬ͷʳ
ϡֱ˾Ѭ⡢棬ʲôö
߶΢΢鴤θһζֱӱ߰˳ɡ
֮⣬Ҳûʳˣû취ӣӲͷƤ
Ҹڳ緹
ԵʳҲһ
緹ϴ;ߣҸȥҪһĶ飬ɼԡ
һ׳ȥԣȥɼ
˺ز䣬Сڸˣ
иȥ
߱ű𣬸簶ȥ˵Ĳɼ顣
Ѿǵˡ
ǵһᣬˡ
и˺߰ɣ
˵˽ϵƤЬӽӵıһ£ΧŵëȹٵϣɸΧҲϡ
ԭرһֻ׳һ׶ߵĴ
ҲѸЬɴ
Щͨͷ죬иָĻɫëβܳϵأʣɢŰ׽һĹâһֻֻķˡ
˲䱻һȺΧסˡ
һۣűֱŵرһֻ
ҪݳһЩһûУë׵÷⣬๺ҫۡ
һȺУҲʮۡ
Ϊ׵Ĵһž޴ĳзȥ
дų
վ棬ҵеϷɡ
ͷ죬Ұ
һųߵĵطɡ
˳ǰϷɣ
Ƿɵк󣬵µɽӶƽˣɫҲðЩͷյԽҫۡ
Ϊ׵˽һų򣬹˸䣬Ϸȥ
ҪȥϷɼ
Ƿɵúܸߣϵһ˿˿еˮǵëϣֹܿȥ
ͷţоߵĳˣǰ˲ſʼ£򸩳¡
һƬ֡
ŻĲݹľֲ￴ǳࡣ
»кҶ͸ֳʡ
߸棬˫ŽӴһ²ȽҶûһӡ
ץű£ڱϷĸ첲סΣɨһۣˣúóԷ
ˡ͡һЦ
ôһΧҲЦ˵ǼԷˡ
̧ۣ˵ʲôʣֻתͷ˸ۡ
򵥼ЦȥѾñʼѰҽ
һȺɢ֮䶼żʮס
ֻаͰһ
߸磬ߵû죬۾û⣬ʲôûüȥɼѾС
ظκתͷίҾһС
һЦ¶һСߣ׷ëô죿
ʵϣֻ׷һΡ
鷢ǰʱһǰ䣬ûѧӦĴ漼ܣһ̵Ķߡ
ô߿ѣѾòˣֻǵõʱǺ뼦ɹЪ˹С
ܹæ
߻ûüȫˣѾⱲӵˡ
²ף죬ֱϡ
ˣȷûץߵļɡ
ڴе̺ʽɨާࡢࡢҰˣҰ桢ҰޡҰ񡭡һпԳԵĶǶᾡС
߸ŲɼӳɼôãƬϣÿһʳָƣѾϴˡ
˽ɼĸֶС
һ߲ɼһ߸죬磬ȥֲ
ˣ
Ҵ򲻹߻аǲ˵رɵĶ
һֲĸάܶ࣬ڸдֲζѵеɬζԶ˻θˮ
ʳĴĩҶɼӻҲǱȥ
۾磬ϣӦ
ϣڵƬУȻڵ㡣
һ㲻Ū𡣡߸첲һ£ȥŪҸóԵġ


2 
üͷ΢Ŀɨֻе㸹ϸΡ
ģһŪرĺóԵġ
ʲôʱŪˣģ
̫ࡣ
ϱӵ²͸βࣿ
ЦһҲš
Ūһԣ֪ϵ񿴰硣
һӲ첲ƤֽԶ㣬ңһҾû¡
ŪҲûʧǣ
̫ԶˣҪɻôءڰˣ֮⣬Ҳû˳⡣
̫ˣʳһ㣬Ĺȫ˳ԣ
ΪǸ岻ãˡ
ߵۣСˣ
Ƭʳﲻ٣УɢȵҪȥʱŻϡ
߸ڰ棬ѰܳԵĶ
ȥ֣һȥҲŪ
̫ܿ쵽С
Ű˿ôͣϢڵˣ
̧ۣ˲а

˵˵ǴӱóӸԡ
һֻٷĻԼӱ㶫油һ£ز䡣
æ̫бɽһʱ򣬲Űѱװ
од󲿷ǰæڵġ
Ŀĵóѣȥʱ򶼺Ÿ
ֶ࣬ʯǳ㣬Ϊİ۵ðͰ˵ˡ
˺ʹ󲿶ӻϣɻز䣬ҵѡ
ڿ¿һ۾ͿǸǰˡ
͵ոǸһůƣѶС
߱ΣԼëȹǸ
̧ۣ¶ϲЦݣ߹ӹ𣬵ͷһôɼôණ
ʳ߷±תʹı۰һƨ|ڻǰεһʳرóԣ
˵ɵϣеҲܵ棿
ߺһ쳤Ҫԡ
ۣˡ
ֵ˿Ϣ
۾ѣ뵽ϱӵ顣
ϱǸԱһγȻֺʱ͵硣
ӦͶ̥磬Сʱǲȫһֱߡ
СΪҲزۣûȡ֣ͽС塣
ֵܼ塣
ʶѹԼԼȡ˸ֽߣ塱гֵıǷʢӲݣϣԼҲػ
Ȼļ»˳˼
ڻԣֳ°ͣʶģ
ߣ
߸о˴Լһ˹˲ǣתͷߴĸһվڱ󣬡
ʣ۵úˣ
߷ôã۵òУȴ˼ϣСȥ˾ˣ
˾סһϱߵɽϣȺ˾
˵ǹʵϼ˾ÿ춼ǻ
Ѿߴ˾ľ峤࣬λйٵ
ȥֻˡīеݸ˾㲹塣
G߲ע⵽һ⣬۷Źǵģ
ûԹˣ
⡢⡢⡢⡢ը⡭Уˮˡ
ӣֽӹǿ⣬˲һ䣬һû׹ȥ
أ
˾Ҳ̫ʵ˰ɣ
ۼִֿһֹֻȥ֮յס⣬˾ôô⣿
īԵ㣬׳ʵ㡣
ЩжЩ֣˾ǵҰ
˾ɲֹһļ˾Ÿ˲䣬˾ܣ˾Ȼǵ
Աߵ˾ǻ۷Ƿǵʲô֣˵˭һһɵɵʮ갡
ĥЩָһһƿ
ߺһתһ룬ΪһСˣҲûʲôͼıģ˾ܾĺá
ͷһתרעǰ⡣
ͨ巢죬ϸطֲ֬ȻЩѩţ⡣
ʿˮѾ֮ζ
תͷǸ𣿡
ͣеĶ𣿡
ǳ֪ˡ
ȡ飬ϴ˦ˮ֡
ʯֳɼ飬ԺѸ峴ըǸǰõĹأ
е£ȥá
վȥ
תܻѡ
Ƭ̺һСչޱ
СչֻСͨɫڡ
õ⣬ٽҿŵĸҶӡ
ɫĹɢζʿˮӹཽһ
չʲôζ
ÿһ㣬
˿ͷǹƬ̣һ˲ᣡ
𣿡ԼҲһС
̵ζڿǻӿŻܳһζ۾ζа
죬ѵûгԷ
߽ӵݸλס
Ʒ۵һγԲ˺ܶࡣ
ߵܵԣǸζƷεһ´ʱŵȥ˵ζһ㡣
²˵ǸǽˣͳԵɡ
а쳢ա֮ǰ׼õĲҪôŪ㡣
ãϢһ£ҵľС
ܳԵ⣬ֽۣ߳Ҳˡ
ؽ˼ףùҳչ
չ̫ѡ
ֱ߲ͼ⣬ֻչﵹˮͷŽȥڻ󿪺СٽĨ˹Žȥ
ǸⲻͬʱվԱߣɫˣÿӸⷭ档
ÿⶼþͼ
ÿӴ˴⣬˵ˣ
һ˵Ŀⶼ䵽Ǽϡ
ʺɫܺʵÿѹȥֵۣЩȫһ
⻹ðŨζƮ˵ĺᶼ˶
һ̽ͷ̽ԣͿԳˣ
üëˣ°΢̧
ЦЦһһ⡣
ȲÿӴͽƽʱϲ̫ˡ
Ž΢΢һҧȵ֭ˮڣûü³ζ뽴ζѾ۵гͷ˳
̣㣡
ûԹô۵⣡
ҲûԹôζ⣡
ԭⲻзģ۶֭ģ
ɴ۾ֶڡ
ƽʱ۵ɹ˵ζŵպζζóԵòˡ
Ҳ֪ô£ôһ⣬ŵ¾ͳˡ
ſտҲĿӣδӣˡ
߶ϣЦЦʣµи
æֵǸԼԡ
æŤͷߣһ£
⻹ʣһ룬ԱߵţĻͻŵûѬѬ⡣
ҧԼ⣬ü۽Ƕǵ⣬ղŲǻһ᲻ţ
㲻˭ץŰߵļ罫Ƶѱߣôõ⣬Ż˿ϧҸջ𡣡
߱ڻѱϣȻǵðۣ
ű֤ϣ˵ʲôʲô
ϧؽ꣬ʣµⶼˡ
ʵ̵Ľ֭ζǡôĴ̼
ôһ⣬ԭΪܳ٣û뵽һپͳˡ
ŶӣԱ㣬ȫů۾
ţЦʣҪô㰢һ㡣
ϴɾͿԡǿž񣬡Ҫľ裬Ҫˡ


3 ·
ͷԱߣһò
ͺ󣬽ȥӱòݾϴ
ϴɾʯȥĲλεĸ룬Ȼŵʯ顣
ҹɫŨء
ӰɽɽţٸǰĻȼ
ɽȥ綶ĺ
һյǰϷżСǵЦŰ߼һһԵø
أ߼һ˲˹
˺쳤˲ӣΧʯǰһҾŪʲôʳ
û뵽ϴŪһɫˮ
ɢǹɶصɬζ
Ϊ
Ⱥаһᡣ
гɵ𣬡Ūⶫܳ𣿡
԰ⶫܳ𣿻Ǳɣ
ôҼҽժ˺ȥһЩ
еôţͲ̫óԣ˰ɣ
߷ؽˮŲһߣϴͦóԵģҾ֪ˡ
Բš
廰ոرŵζҶŵ˰ɣ
ŵˣ˾Ļɣ㡣
°΢̧ġ
Ҳһͻīǿɲ̫躢ӡ
Цġ˵ôҲԲˣĺӣұġ
߸û˵ĻϣԼ˵ȽЩȥɹˡ
Щ˾Ϻõϣʱѿ϶
ͷվ׷Ҳȥ
ҡͷŪҪϢҲɢȥ
īʰöӻصɽѱߣȥϢ
Ӧһ߹ڰԱߣСʣʲôʱãʱҲһ𣿡
߶ɫˮԺȴɰۡ۵ȸַ۵ζ϶صͷһóԣ
һϥǣ㣬һ㣡
ˣ
һǻ˯
ǵڶľˮѾˡ
ҰһὫľˮһɫۣҨһϸ
ϸһ£۾һ˼飬Ķ
첻ϴ߽ľƽվȥľף
ʢͿԳˣ
Ҫɹɣ
Ϊʲô
ֵĿڰնײ
ȻƬ̣Ϊʲôо
ǰϴ˷۳ǻɹ֪Ϊʲô
ϳŶһûס
ֵҨ̧һȥɹ
صȥھѱϣھ˿ţҪ꣬һۡ
Ҳȥɼ
æ˴죬ɵĢҰˡ
˵Ģرóԣֻۣ߹Ͻȥɹۡ
һȥ
۳ɹɣ̳ɸӲСһСʯӡ
۲ЩۣɹɺӲܴˣһһ£ζûˣЩʧ
ҿܳ𣿡
߿һۣ϶شóԣ
ߴ̧꣬ȥףһֻ
ҪĢۡ
ܻҲô֣ҰҰֻǵĶ˲һ
ڿȻƣʳҪһ֡
ҪǰΪˣ򲻹צӲ⣬ɵò죬СҲÿȥԶǲɼ
ϳȥɼȥʱգʱϼ졣
ǸڻԱߣϼӰһߡ
߲ϵĺˮһƨ|ڻԣһʣû𣿡
ˣȥľͷȥˡ
廰ǲҪˣ
ÿ꣬ҪȥռʯͷľͽͣԼѡ
һá
˵ʱסڸǽа£Ͱһΰ½ѡ
뽨ˣͰ³ɼˡ
ǲǽʶǸӥ£
ǸСޡЦЦ˵ˣʶǸӥأôˡ
ߺش𣬳ԴڻԣϼԵЩį
ߺؿһۣû˵
׷ʣת԰ߵҪ㰢ˣҪҪë
Լȥվģ
ʣһ
߽𣬹Ȼһֻ
ϱӿѼ๺צӺ׵úܡ
һ⿪ʼ
߶ַ죬Ҳûֽ׽
߹ȥţ
áһƿĸӣֽȥץ

ĳɿţֻצӺһ衣
°ƴͷɢëȹҲ˺üë
Բۡ߰۾Ҫȥ׽ֻš
Ա֣һ½סˣĳûã
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ֽҿ£һʯҪֻ
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վæȥԱϢҺͰ
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ʮһŻĳһַѪ
ץסţû뵽еĻЩ̵ľóûֻ֡
Ѫ󣬻񽥽û
ֵһߡ
ûһͶ
չŵˮЪЪë
ʵڲϲЩ£Ǹ˼ЦЦԱЪȥˡ
ë粻࣬Ǹʮ±㽫κëȡϴɾ
߽ӹɸɾĻ񣬷ŵչˮ¹ʼ
ʮּ򵥣ˮտƲȥĭС
߸رġ
ζٽϴõĢɷȥѪ
ĢĢζҪ㣬ĢȥζԽŨ
ӣЩ֣ҿ㡣
ߵһЦǰɣڳⷽ棬Ҵҿ϶һء
ҪҲ߱һأԺ˻֪ܴܲﵽҪ󡣡
һ㶣ô˵ˣҲҪ˲𣿡
ıЦ˳ҪˣԺˡ
СʲôˣԺ˵ɡ
⣬ԼҲᳶȥ
վȥ÷ɸ
ɸǰһС⣬ԲľͿգ꼸ԲԲĿףҪõʱ򣬰ˮõ۷棬ľһѹ۾ͻӿ©ȥˮһۡ
ʹԱ߿Խʥ̬ȵһ벻ɲϡۣٵɸС
۴ӿ©ȥʰ͸״
Ǻ档
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࣬ܳˡ
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ŻĻк
ûȳűӣʣʲôԵģô㣿
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ⲻûҲС˰Դһ£ժôҰǳ𰡣
ǰûλʱֻ꣬ϲҰȼһСÿ궼ι١
߳һ׻˸룬һ۳Լ군һꡣ
ʱļжֵܣ
ɶżһ𿪣Ұ⡣
ˣ߽̳˺һΣÿӰȡ
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ԡֽظλ׸һŰõ˿ðԼ֣Ŵߴ٣Ǹǳۡ
ڴλӳһڡ
һ֮£϶žޡ
īȻùϻûüԵķۣȱԡ
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ǰ˾͸ǿ⣬ûзԣֻǵٸ˾͹ȥɣҲò˶೤ʱ䡣
īͷ
߸˾ۼһӰõ˿һӣŵԱߣȻ˸һ˼һӷۣȸԡ
ǰԵĵһۡ
Ҳûôʱں͵ȴ
չŨζȫˡ
ɸķ۱ζŨϸڿǻﵯн
һڣоǻͱǻȫ۵ζ
̫ˡ
ϱӣ°Ŵ̫ȥֺԷۡ
ͷǿյںţϰںۣƮӶǡ
̵ķ۴һڷۣһСˣһˮƳվһոһȹ
ۿЩ졣
ͷŷ۵ϵĲȻ
۵ζǳԵκһʳζͬ⣬˶ûԹôóԵʳ
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Ҫȥ
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˵ûʲôöߵĿ䵽ŵϣ°΢̧˵кöôֲ


4 Ұ
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Իȴõȥ̽·̽·ٴԼȥ
߲ŲʲôɣȥС
ڶһ磬ǡ
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5 
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6 
ٽӳԵ㣬ѵ˯˸þû뵽ڶȴѡ
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7 ѡַ
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9 ʯ
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ְ취ҴģҾãֻһҪעⰲȫ


10 
ļ˺ʹһͬ
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ΪߵĽ˻û͸ǰռʯͷҲŪ̫࣬λײţúڲ졣
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԰ӵڳǻƺɫ߾òʣרŪ˵ҽȥɻҺɫ
ʱռֲֵҲҰС
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㰡
Ȼһü͵ų԰ɡ
⵹˵۳һŨĳˮ˫Ƥ󣬸ÿҨ׳ˮ
룬ɫ˫ƤϽһ㵭ƵƤˮ˫ƤϣżΪˡ
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ܿ˲̣۵˫ƤһڣһŨζӯǻİ𺳡
û̻ôôۡô
񵰸ۣȫͬһζ
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ȫȾĹϵÿһ˫Ƥ̶ŨŨζ֬ƫַڸУе֥ʿĸо
˵ⱲӵһγԵôóԵ˫Ƥ̣¼ϱӣҲûڸ


11 
˫Ƥ̣īͰʰ׼ŴԲɼڱ֯𣬰ȥȦ
԰Ϣһ|ҹٱ̵ʱ췴ô
߼̴ɨȦĲݣѾ˴룬ʣһЩȽϵĲݾ
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ߣͷߴк¶һڴ
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ȥ˰ôޣôģҪҲСİСĻܳԵ⣬ܸ
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޵ֲúȣ˻ӣ
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ҪҰǶȥˣô
ҪȥȡʯͷԡޣСһȽϻ㡣
ʹһֻģСȥ
ҲСһСڣĸĲڻܳһ㡣
κҲûôץץĵط벿رԶƽʱȥǱߣ䵥˹ȥرΣա
ԸҲ븸ðա
ȥʣСָ˭ˡ
Ҳûã뱻Եˡ
ɲһŰɣͰʡ
ûĻϡ
ٴܹסջѵİߣߣ֪С˭ˣ峤ʱ峤ҪֻС򡣡
ֻСԶһֻ㡣
ʣ峤˵ҪС򣬴һ
峤˵ҲȱʳҪСˡôҰȥ
Ҫڱ˼ң˵˼峤Ҿˣ峤Ը
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һܹҸе


12 
ļˣʳҲʢɼ߳ȥһ磬ܲɼһҪԵʳ
ȥɻʱˣ˿֧ʱһӾͶˡ
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ų򣬴һ磬ڵ⣬ܿʧɽ䡣
Ȼң
ңɹ߻ǵһοץӹɽ龰
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ץ˰ӣСĴָźӲһƤһָеӡ
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ңקס󣬶ҧһĶӣҪԣȻж
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⵹ǡصͷ
ҪȥһˣŪ֮ҷһ룬һĳԷʱ³
˻Ҫȥ߽÷ɺܾãСˡ
Ҳܷɺܿ찡ߵҸûգʵûˣֻˣҿ˾һܷ֮ɸأҵһӦû⡣и͹ˡ
˾һ𣿡
һЦҲһ˰


13 æ
˼ջǴӦ˰ߵͬȥѩɽ߽硣
ߺͼ˵һڶһʳþ߳
Գ;ʱֵܱٶȷ߽硣
һ·ڵİܷ֣ƵƵͷ
߽ţƽʱԵúܽˣһûԡ
˷һ磬ҪϢӲð˯һᡣ
߼Ҹ۵òУûֳ
ͼɣȵݸ߽ʲôģḻ𣿡
ҪǷḻͲǱ߽ˡѩɽͲԭﲻ࣬رࡣ߽Ǳߵ˻ޣץ߰˰ˣû¶ǱȥܶʱҲȥ˰ȥ
˾˳ȥ𣿡
ȥɡҪû壬Ǳ߿ܾͻԽˡ㲻֪˵ļ˾ԶǼ˾ܴ򡣡
ңǾ޴Σоʮ
ôӴƾضѹһˡ
˲ݲݳԹ緹С˯һ
˯Ѻ˱ɾ޴İȥ
һΣҧҪ֣·һζûϢ
ȵ̫ɽʱڷɵĿĵء
ʱɢտĻҰϼѩɽεض
ѩɽϲϦбգѩӡǳɫ
Űɽ·ɡ
ɽһƬĵأʯᾣĲȡ
ԸоﺣҪһЩڵϴʱڼƽ˳
ҲۻˣڲݵϣķòóһߣԼǰ飬Ϳÿһ¶ļ
촭ȣŷõĲݣֻڶ
ͿԼתͷʰߣҪҪæ
ߴҡͷܾ
԰׵ɫˣû뵽Ȼһܷɵ
ɳƣǰֻûҪҧҧҲܷɺܾܿá
ûĸ˷ɺܾܿá
˳˴ĸ
ȥһˮ
۵úˣ°ҹҹ˸ط¡
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ڶһ磬űѡ
˯ˬ۰򶼲ʹˣվһ͵ôûҹ
ܽҹ
˯š
ãһ˯ˡȥ˵Ķӣ̫ˣٲҲط
߿ɫУû֡
ʰһ¶ϱ𣬱ɰ񣬷ѩɽӭһ档
ΰߴͷ
ѩɽǳɽƹȥ˺һᣬŷɵ档
ԭΪҪҺܾòҵЩӣû뵽շɹȥͿ˲ݴ͹Ķˡ
Щ׸ߣһÿС꣬Ҷȣ滹״رĶԣʮֺʶ
һȥ˺üʮ궹ˡ
˱һٻƣԽԵöԱ
һ˹Ȼû
ӿһϲá
һʾһ䵽ȥ
ɹϡ
˺ܿ䵽ɽϡ
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ڱϱԹ٣ժ
ЦЦֳšŰԸ
ĶԳ飬ʺ
ŵӵһţĩ˵ĶѴһɲľɬζֱӡ
˫˺ȡĶӿû뵽ʮͣ˺
˫þŽָԵıƤ˺Ǳȵ黹ɫӱĳüŵ˵ϡ
۵ĶӷŵһҧһɴЩ΢ɬζ
ӺۣҲܺóԡ
˶ӣ߽ԷŽҧ
Ѿˣһֲڵ͹𣬻һëҧڸк֣׽ֻһάܵ˳ԡ
ιӦûУֻǲ֪ⶹԻ۵ʱܲܵ˳ԡ
ôһժôܳԵĶӣҲ㲻С
߽ӻ𣬼ժԡ
̫ܿϸߣϣɹһ㱡
ͷòҪȻȥɣкüֲȥŪ
һ˿𣿡
ҿǲʿ
ԤʿУЦȥɣ̫Զ
ȥˣͺңطܴԶ㺰Ҷ
˵꣬Ħһָͨͷߣ͵رһֻ񣬳һȾͷˡ
վԭؼĵժӡ
еΪʲô˲ժˡ
ժӸȡطԶժҪ˻ȥ̫㡣
Ҳֻȡӵ˲Żɹ
ĵժŶԡ
ҰĶϡϡ䣬Զû˹ֵ룬ժܲףժҪߡ
յпʱѾװòˡ߽ʹѹʵ󱳱һǰعһ׼ߡ
ڴʱƿһƬӰͶ£һֻɹ
߱ѹ˫ǰصıͨߣΪˣʲô
ΪΣӰ£ͳ𣬡ôֻһ
߾Ȼͷ˾ˣѲ߽磿
ʱͨ죬ͷϣǼðϸСĺ飬Ǳ
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ȥˡ˾˸յ𣿡
׼ȥ
˵Ż
һֻצץһֻС޴Զɽ
ɵǸǰСӵϣ
ߺң
˾ˡֽŶ֪ķţִٲ˵ո׷ޣۿҪ׷ˣû
ңͷ죿
ϵģҪժӣȥ
ңתߣҪסһ
ʵѾˣû취һɻز䣬̣ϲܸϻز䡣
ЩҲԼȥ
æӹͷұұ˱ġ
ҡͷôأһôöҺһ𱳡
Ҫңǣ԰˵ҰǷݱȥһȥ
߿ңֿ
һߣѾ˵ˡ
߲ãôͷ˾ˣ
ңֵ֣ؿ
ңֵ¸ݱ˾ܾ
ϵ𶹼ջŲϡ
ңϵı𣬱֮ǰصߣԼ档
߲⡣
ʼɵʱ򣬰߲ŷָң쳣ɣôɣչС
ңɵʮֿ죬߽Ҳɵ÷ǳ졣
ʱߺһʱ䣬糿¶ˮûɵʱͳ̫ɽŵ߽硣
ӱ߽ǳʱ򣬾Ѿ˲䡣
ʱ̫
۵ðץֱӻԼҡ
ң߽𿸵ѱߣ𶹼ԣųˡߵļ˶л
߱Σ˶̱ˡ
ȥۻ˰ɣ
Ա̽ͷ̽ԣңʱ˵ȵңԶˣ㻹˵ϲ˾ˣ˾˶Ͷˡ
𿪡߽ӹ̻ʣ˾˳ԹǼôʳæô
ʣһ˫۾ԼҵܵɨɨȥҲһôһرÿ
ߣ㿴˾㱻ɫͷԵ𣿡
׽
֣Ĺ۲ҶԲûΣ¡


14 
ƴ죬ڶʱ米ʹ첲̧
ʹľͰҪȥ̡
һľͰֲܿƣøɭһľͰȥ
һץס֣ҧľͰ
㶼ˣʲôǿ
һֻֽӹľͰ߻ͷ硣
ˣȥţȥ̡
õɲȥι򡣡
һȦȥɼڼҺúһҪȻĳ͵÷ˡ
ҲУöҪһ¡
Բ۾㶼ˣŸɻ
ûʲôͰѶԷŵɹ
ͰѶԵɹˡ
һҹķɣԵıƤ壬ԽͲð
õⶹԳɹɣſܱĶ³
ߴʱãúɹһɹ
һ˸ϵĻ緹
ߺúڼϢȵҩ߷ϡ
תżΣӦˡ
ڼϢһ죬һЩϴϴˢˢ¡
ڶܲˣڼ˳źıűȥɼ
ɣ·ȥòϳ۲֡
ǲ俿ӣḻ
ʱֵļǿԳԵҰҰֲ»вܳԵĸֻЩȻûоѡ󲿷ֶСҪݲʳãҲ̫ܳࡣ
߾װζõʳ
Ȼ޵ֶ£ԭζͲõʳ˻ѳԡ
߽ƾ˫|ߣһ߳Զ
Ҳջ˸ʳ
ȰϦµʱص䣬ͻˡ
ӭӹı𣬡Ҿ֪͵͵ܳȥɻˣôв
ժ˼Ƥóһԡ
ôкƤˣ𡣡
糢оͦġ
߷±ȥľͰȥ
ȥһļţ㰢ȥ
ȥ𣿡
īͷľͰȥˡ
㰢ͱˡȥĶԣѾѿˣ֪ǲѾɹá
ģҹȥ
æܹȥɹԵǿϡ
𶹼˺ܴһ顣
ץһԣϸȻǸѾѿһɫķ졣
һĶԱ룬ǳɫĶӵ˳
ܹô
ߴϲɹͿˡȶɹˣóԵġ
ʲôóԵģҲ̫ϲԶӣζеࡣ
ɱʳͲˣȶɹˣŪ±ˮһԡ
±ˮʲô
κˮǲ˵κڸ
԰ҪҪǸĻҾͿ˳·ȥҨһ㡣
ҪҨһɡøȥװһ㡣
ŴӦˣȥѼչҳŵϳŵʱ򲻼ǵá
߲Ѿܾˡ
ڶˣ±ˮҲˣȹ춹ɹãͿȥãȻɶ㶹
ǸͣڶŹȥȡ±ˮ±ˮ͸ͬеˣζ˵˸컨׹
ͬе˵±ˮã˵λ۷⡣
˶֪ʲôʱ򣬰ѾѶȥˡ
̲סʣôζĳʳ𣿡
Ҹ˸оͦóԵġߵ죬֪ˣⶹһݡ
ٰ˰ɣҴǸбˡ
չһԴЦǸ˭
ɫӿһΣ߳ŭصɰһۣ㵽ȥ˵ӥ˶˵˶ζ
ۣôԶ˵۵ģ˫ƤһһξɢˡҪ˵Ŷɹȥߡ
ԱЦҾÿԣʱԶ
ʲô
˫Ƥ̿ڸвһʳ۵ģģ𣬻йɶζҨ潽׳ۣ۳ȳԻ˳ԣܻ𡣡
⻰һʿˮ
֪гۣȥѹ
ϽӻҲ֪ҴȥǶѣ
ߵ˵ˣǻʱٰһ¶ԣҵʹϾ
ߵĶңңڣ׳Ѿƴӡ
ɹ죬ɹˡ
ߴԼҲֳִľðľСôϵĶԡ
˲⣬ӹľҲʣϵĶԾ
Ա߸ϣľÿһõĶµĶԡ
ԡžž죬Ӷõǣܿ͹˶棬˺һ㡣
Ҳˣһ㱻Ҷ档
ˡĨ¶ͷĺѶʢɸһ¾ͺˡ
ץһѶӡ
Բɸɾûմʲôĩ
ĺˣɱһԿˡߣô취
Ը֮ͻᱬӵɣҰ۲һ¾ܷˡ
㿴ˣҲ벻취
ǿɲһҪõʱ˵ͻˡŪˣͿӥ¹ǳԶɣ
аһĴ|ȣȼˡʲôʱ
ɡ
ǹæ
һЩС˵ЦǸҲйһһٷ
ߵԣҶŪˣһһ١
Ҫһ˰Ѷɾ
˰⣬˭֪Ҫô
ڶһ磬߽óŵͰϣҶ档
ʣĵһ𣿡
ԣˣͿˡ
˵Ҷˡ
һǲУָɼһЩʳء
īԱЦ
߿ð߶һ㡣
߳Թ緹ι򣬼֮
ϱ𣬷ȥӹɼ
öŪһҰлԡ
û뵽յĿĵأ߾Ȼң
ңΣһ׳㲫
ں̲Ϸβ˦ţˮĽҰݱѹöᣬһƬǽ塣
ң˫סԴûʲô飬Ĳ·ܣ·γĶԱȡ
ֻɵˣվڵһֻצӣ㶵ؿǰĻζ˱䡣
ңȻô
ѹ㻹Ե࣡
˵ģ
ٽʵҲиԴɣ
Ӻ˼롣
ң̧ͷһۣöߡ
ĵһԭزҶ
ңջĿ⣬ְ㣬Ӻһʯ׶۾žž¡
鴤Ƭ֮Ͳ
ңվ˦˦ʯϵѪ߹
߱ΣһͰ͵ңҾɵС
ңͣסŲ﷢ټ֪ûˮ棬Ҫܡ
õģл˾ѣͻȥ
ⱲӶûôһҪ뿪
ȵȡ
߲ΡΡػͷң
һȥԡ
ûȰߴӦңѾصϣѾʯƤӱ˺һʾá
߲ǵСˣò㣬﷢
߹ȥ˫ֽӹʪ⣬첲ϵļƤˡ
ץ㣬˶񣬳ң˸л˾ˡ
ȥɣ⼸첻Ҫ
ǣ
߽˼Ҫηߡ
ңվԭأĿ
ڱεһɲ䣬ͷңߴӰоͦ¼ţʹ㺰һ䣬˾ˡ
ţ
ߺ۵Сۣһʱ
ң·һüĵһĵԥǾ仰˳ҪҪԶ


15 
·˾˵һĻ
ܾ󣬰ˣĶӡ
磬صѱߵʱ򣬼ǶѾˡ
ӥºλס
ҶȲʶһ£ֽжĶʲô
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ߴߴһͿĶˣôãѾ͵ñȸһˣܳ𣿡
ȻȻһɽŪһ
һᣡǲҲҪϴһϴ
¡
¡ֻû˵꣬αžһƣ˵
ࡣ
תͷһֻԼӡһӡƶɼ
ŭĿӡ
ԴƤô۳ȥˡ
˰Դһ£۸ܡҺһȥ
Ŷȥɽʯӡ
ʣߣʲô
鷳һæӣȥϴɾ
ʯִأЩ˵Ķӵȥ¾ܱȵĶҨţй˵Ķζ
úĶҨŵͰ߼峺ĺˮȣٵչ
΢ƵĶڹзϡ
ŨĶζƮ䶼ǣ̽ͷ̽ԣűӻʲôô㣿Ū˺óԵİɣǲǷʳ
Ѿ˵ˡǹ֣˳æ
Ķǡ
кæ˺ȶһˣҨۣڳÿ˷һ롣
ŨһʵЦ
ԭѩɽĶӡ
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ѹ˵ʲôҪŪ
Цлﶯͣ
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˵󶹽Ӧɴˣκʵûôϸֻպһ¡
˳ĶҲдãֱӼ񵰡лͺʹɱͰȻ῾˿Եʳ
Ҳð׳ʳ
궹󣬴ҷ׷׻Լͳ˸ָĶ͸ߡ
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߸ɴҳԶ
Щڹ̵ʯϣӵýƣζ͵ζ֯һڶζĺ£һָԲڵζ
ҵһμʳҲǵһ֪ݳ˿֮⣬ԣζرá
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ǵѱߴûֹ
ǵЦһһ
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Цˣ¶Ľݺüۡ
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ŵҲòУои޵׶
ߵڰѶϣͳ
һ˶ڣϴˣвˣ⣬һɻܿŪˡ
ǰƹгɴˢ͵ʯ˿ֱ⽹ۡ
չͺ⣬С壬ٷϴƵͷζƿԴ֮󣬼뿪ˮ󣬶붹
ˢͿ֮󣬷˿ˮչټгСĶ

⣬ͽ㶹
ʽܹ࣬
ҹĻ٣졣
İɫ綶չޡ
չﹾཹʳ﷢Ũ
Χڻߣ˵һЩл
ò׶ҹ˲ʢӣˢˢȥж
ۣ˰ߣ˭û취һξͼг
ҷ׷׽սߣȥС
ѣС̡
˵һǶ˼£Ž
õĶζͷζʣ㣬һ򣬸ζﻯһĨζǶζ
߳һڶһ鶹ٺһǼðȺ˶з
˹سţ˼̻
ΧҲǣĬرֳĬֻרʳ
߳Ӻһվԡ
˲˵Ŀⶼ䵽ϡ
ʣҪȥ
ǰһСŵɾʯһŽȥȥ˾Ͷ硣
ī룬Һһȥ
ãһȥС̼˾ˡ


16 
߽ʳ͵ңס˻˵أЩطȽϰȫЩطΣա
ң˰ʳȴûһʱشôȻ뵽
ߵĵطҶʶˣȥԶĵط
˵ÿطΣա
Ƕ˵Ҳһ
ңϬĿҪÿһƤ
߾̧ۿ
˵һ˾ӡ
ߴң￴˾ͻɡ
ңӰпҰĲ
ңҡͷƽҲ㡣
ߵҲûô򵥾ܴõ𰸣ɥֻЦЦ´ʡ
߸ң
ңһĢ
Ģ·ڱŵһҪζ϶ˡ
˵лʳԼû֡
߱ĢطɻԼѱߡ
ֻҪסùãҵʵʳĸԼ
߻ؼҺܿ˯ˣʱ۵̫ݣѵ̫յѱˣû
Ҳֽ˯
﷭˸˯û뵽˸ˣѱ߲ͣ˵
߰ΰѼҲ˵˵ʲôֻúܳ֡
﷭ȥ̲סƿë͵üſѱ⿴
ת֣ˣ緹
ץҵͷѹס꣬ո˭ˣ
ľ˵յ¡
ľ峤µ游ʱ˵һЩ顣
Ϣ۾һ˼֣ǲֵǼˣ
ԣҤ¯á
շóƸѾҤ
ǲһҤƽʱ鲿ʹãֻÿ괺ڣŻһһ
պܾˣصظǸ˵
ȥǰʹҤû뵽仹ͨˡ
ߵ˲ˣץץҵͷǲǵץʱ
һ鷳顣
糣õ㣬ȵѰȻɸࡢɡԵһϵв衣
ڴڼ䣬ǻҪάҤѰҴʵڲɡ
һ˵һܹʹõҪȻ̫㡣
Ϊյʱ򣬶ϲѡ졣
Ƚпգܿճһ
֮ǲɼʹԵĺʱ䣬û̫
ҲǴʹʱǰôɴӦԭ֮һ
Ͳǲ乩˾㸸ҲΪʿһȥԣǺȥա
ߵͷҰ¸ꡣ
ͷ򣬻и԰ӣ²١
пգΧһդȽϸߵȦӲ԰Ų
ճĲ԰һʱ˲٣ʯһڣںɡ
ߴɽһֳĲ԰·¢ֳһأһ֮Աˮ
һֲ
ڿӣŶӣһţ֮ٻͷϣȫϺ󻹵ˮһˮ
һ̲ȳȥɼɡ
԰üͷ𣿡
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ǲҪջ񣿡
ò꣬ĻͿԷѿɡԣҲһӿܻڣӦʮᷢѿ
˵ֵĻоʲôҲ˿԰ӣֿ˿תȥӱϴ֡
ȥ컹ûжÿώˮ
ˮʱ򣬴ڻ߿Ͳˡ
Ҫȥգǵǰ׼ˣյʱûÿˡ
ʽ죬һʳȥյĵط
ǵҤںΣλһ̲ɽСɽͿˡ
̲ϵĲݣԵܷâݡ
ǾܸɹĲݡ
òŲݣøݣȡݵµա
ԱֲȽϡĵطϼʱĲݣµѾϴǵҺʵĵطȡ
ģͷ̫ʵ̫󣬰ߺͰһݣϺˮֱ
ЩݱԵȽϷߵƤ̫ۣϱݻСӣˮЩСϣʹ
ֱĲݷһߣĨ¶ͷĺȰѵµڳһжɡ
һںڵĺ࣬ŵ˴꣬һ㶼ǣҪ˾ԱϢһ£
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Ͳ˰ɣһָЩǺγģˣˮֻµֻҪͲá
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ϻؼҵʱȫɢˣֽţһۡ
˯ʱɲֱ˯Щ
ڶһ磬һ˲ݲݳԹ緹ȥࡢϴࡢ
ơ
̶̼ȥһ˵նˣ߸ңΪɹԵʣϴףʼƤ
ʵϣǵճ
ҪˣԺͲɼҲɲȥ
Ϊ˱ԼƤȲڴ촩Ҷ֯ɵ£Ҷñӡ
Ч⣬ȴӲźܲһ϶ദĥúס
·߿Լһףͷ̾˿ˣôҲҪһ·
Ƥ·𣿡
촩Ƥ£Ƶ
ǾҶ·ˡ
ҲУӲҿܲŪȽֲάĵߣŪ·
ҪҰֲάѣѵǴȡ
Ҷһ˶ԸĴֶ죬īʹȥ޶󱳿ѩ׵ά
άе֥һϸСӣһιʱӯάӷɵԶĵط
ǰɼʱ򣬻
ֻʮ׵Ĵϣֲܳԣ߱ûϡ
Ҫ·
֮࣬Ҫߡ
æ
ƽʱöëһЩãҼһм׷Ĵ
߲ѣȥѵάɳɳתŷĴάͻڷĴ£һתղƳߡ
һ˷ֳ飬ܷĳߡ
ֻ֯һס˴ҡ
ߵ֪֯ԭһֹߣһ߱һ鲼ֱ죡


17 æ
𣬰߳˰ͼһȥ֮⣬ϻڲо֯
˴ֿУڼ˵İ£֮ڱ㽫֯ļ˳
󲿷ֲɾγֻ߱֯Ҫγ룬ѹʵ֯һ鲼
ˣصȥľʱȽϡľͷһļӣľͷһϸܵСر棬Ǿߡ
γӴãһһ߸һߣϯһ֯
ֱ֯ǳ鷳ߴͷۻ
ʼĥŽһĽɴཫϸľУһһ߷ֳ֣ٱ֯ʱ򷽱ˡ
ˣߵļױ֯ɣ˼á
һΧڻ֯˶ܿ죬֯ķֺܼף֯˰ߵϡ
ùһ׳۳
ӸߣһԽԵȳϸͬͦεС
۵ʱ򣬰Ա߿ţ·̫֣ﶬƤ·֣ҲͰֵļһϲ·
Ȱ߽õ·ϣ
ûѾ˴Ч̲ס૵ҸˣҲҪһ·
ĿתضŰߣĿȵҪѰߵ嶢һ
Ҳ̾ÿһ㶼֡
īѵüۣ·ԶףŴ
ЦЦͷλã˼
ϺҲܿ󣬲谭жȴëȹ·ϾûëȹôӲ
ҪʱֻҪ첲سڣ۾ͻëȹһȥڲӴһΧ

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ڸ˲µˣѾĿ鸹Ҳϰǹ
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ܴĳȥǸߣǿҴô
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ҳúÿǸȥժɣҲһӡ
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ٰһ㣬һС˯ȥһ
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·ԼصʰߣɲԸҲԴһ¡
·󣬱Ҫϴ߻ӻ֣󷽵ͬˡ
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Ҵ꣬һͰѣߵл
ʣߣҲȥժ𣿡
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Ѿɣ͵ɺ͵Ҥȥա
ǼҪռľġ
ҤľҲҪɹɣŲŪȥ̣ɹɵĲճĻȽϴ¶ÿ죬ղôջ
ɽֵľ񲻶࣬仹涨׼ֻȥɽռľ
һȻֿ
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磬ߺͰһ˲ɹȥҤߡ
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Ϣûôͨ
˹ˣǸոʱﻹûв񡣡Ҥ߶ѷŵľһǣһʱ䣬Ҳ̫ܱ˰ɡ
˭ҵģȷǻȥʾ֪ˡ
ƣѾ̽ˡ
еͷǵȻȥһ¡
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ȥ棬˻
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ĢݷæţѾӴɽһһߺߣ֪Щ˭ҵˣ
תͷ˭ҵģ
Ҽҵģ

ûЦǼҵģ͸ǵġ
ߵһӦ˰ˣ
һ˰ס㣿
Ե޹ǲ
Ŷ˵̲֯׽̣ǳȥԵǾ˳Ǳ
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ǻụ̂֯û˵󻰣϶̰
ؿͣһʱ䵹жò֪˵ʲôˡ
ûв飬ֻ˵дҰæǲղֻɺվС
š
ͻһȥɼþûȥɼˡ
á
ߣҪҪһȥ峤Ľϳˣôϲ㣬һȥã
߻ع񣬡ʱȥ¡
˲ɼ֮⣬Ҫʲô
ȥһߵҲ֪ܲɹõԡ
ҪʲôֱӸǸ˵һ¡
ãȥɼɣҿǸҲˣͻһȥ
ɲɹȸ͸
һƬĶݶ
ɵۣôƬղɣճһˤ𣿡
ǴƬСƬ˳ּϵһöۣһƬƬСƬ۸ǵһǵϣһƬˡ
૵һ벻ҪôŪ
·û֮ǰ㲻Ҳ벻Ҫô·
Ҳе֮ǰôǸ˵
߰ڰ֣ĸˣҪƬǵɡ

ڲһǻ벿ǰæ


18 
ʶ˰æ󣬾Ƭͷ쳤Ұһзɿӡ
ߵȥ
һΧڻ죬߹ĸĸóλ
ߣʲô°
ǲҹæ
һۣҲҪǰаԻժһ㡣
ǰһֽƬûпգԸԸÿԺææھͿˣæʱҳ
ҪǸ
éһڷϣڷ絲ꡣ
éݲƬôء
˵ףԺ֪ˣ죬һʣԸԸⶼҪ
£ԹȥҤǱ߰æǰɣȻҾȥˣҪˣ
ơ
ʲô
¶õЦݣҵ˼ԽԽãҶ
ôҪնƬ
ǧ򣿷жҾͶཨ䷿ӣûоٽ䷿ӣʵò˵Ļһߣȼ޵ʱҲС
ĴָͳⷬҲҪȥˣʲô
Ǿô˵ˣ
Ļܶ࣬׳ĵˣһһܳԡ
˵ҪʳﻻȡͶѱҲ˯ҹҳƵֶŻҹŵΣŴŹǷ˯
ڶһ磬Ͱȥһ˴Ͱ㡣
·㳦ˮٻһˡ
⣬ӦܻһͰ㡣
ЩʰˣǿǾʳġ
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Щ㶹ҪӾʱû
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ھʳɼ꣬ǵÿԲͲĴСߵ
׼ԲͲʳİꡣ
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ѭѾˣδܾ֮ڣǼӦöȱԡ
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΢ɬζѾȫڸסֻܳŨŨ㡣׽£ܳѬкĹѵ
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ô㣬һŪ𣿡
򵥣ϽȥɣҪǻˣˡ
Բٶ˵һֻųȥˡ
ߵ㻹ͰƣȴһҲż
ͷȥȥҶϴɾʳ룬ˣٰͣǿһչףС塣
ͷ͵ļУܿ챻ˮ֣ðŨζڹ׹ཹ졣
߽ڴͷ棬Ȼ㣬չ̵ϸӣع롣
ϵСðˮŨζ˳Զĵط
óԷϴɾ꣬ڻ߾졣
㻹ûʱһȺѾųˡ
ǻû߼ҵѱߣŵŨζ

ǲϲá
㰡
˵óԣᵽˡ
öǳ𣿡
أһƤȹ
Ǹߺˣظʢ࣬ɫ㣬֪ϲϲ
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ˮɫְһʱ˶û澿ʲôֻζݺݳһ¡
һ͵ӣ૵Ҳ̫ˡͳˣҲҪ


19 
ǰæƬߵĿʱһ¶
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֯ļѶȲ̫ߣʱָɣһûü죬Ǿ֯ƽĴ鲼ϡ
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߿ʼǲü
ü֯ף˸ԵģѲϷֳɼƬϸϸܵطȥɡ
·һ߷ÿظԼϲãһ·ʽӵĳ̣ڵĴСȡ
ڡķ棬ƺͺ
Ա߿ţòС
ȴ̫⣬пҪɫĲϾͺˣɫҲ̫ˡ
ǰ˽ӻ֪ûɫİ
⸽Ҷ߱ˣû
Աͷ֯ô˵ڵɫİûУⲼȴȾɫ
⻰һˢˢ̧ͷҪôȾ
߱ǶͷƤ飬һ£ôɫĹӺͻҶȾԡ
ӺͻҶֱͿ棿ɫ𣿡
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߰οܿˡ
ʣǲֻʣգ
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û뵽æ˼СµĹֻˡ
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ѩ˪ӦöƬ̫Ӱ졣
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߿÷ǳרע
Աָͷһʮߣո׾ʮõģ
߻һָڡں⼸治ƣ
С£ʱŵ㶫ͦõġչҲжʮ߿áǸĲ
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ǳ˵ʱֻܵˣڴֻ·ȥ
Ƴɹһһ
Ͱ³չּ˼òˣһ˺úóһٷ
ʱߵǸҪǳȥɼȾɫĶһõҳԷˡ
һͷҺһȥҲõҳԷ
ʣߣҪɼʲô
ľڹڹΪ˳ٿһܲܲɼȾɫĶ
ڹһָͷСӣѣɽҰС
˺ϲ죬ҲܶԣԶ˻ء
ߴժڹڹƤ˺ΪȾϣȾɫ
ժڹΣա
ûֹֻʣҪıߣ
κɣ˳ȥҨκˮȾɫʱҪá
һԿͷԶԶԡ
߶עⰲȫ׷ʡ


20 V
峿ܴ
ڻߣһѾ˵ľץͷץľû̵ľͷһһ󽹺ĵζĩ˵ͷնϡ
߽ͷһȥһͷ
Ͻһͷ
ߵķҲӹ뾱һ͡
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ԣ·ɡԣǼС˵мȻɵʱʡЩ
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ǶԲغϤ
ûһ͵ժڹɽ¡
䵽ϣΣȥժڹȥˡ
ڹǹľ
ľĵطݶȽ϶࣬ߴųڲݴ۰ס˲Ҷ֦
һˣûˡ
˴ۣ¶Ƥ٣ϼҲû˿ڡ
ڹľУӼۣĸоؼӿ
ϧԼӣ淽㡣
Χ˷׷׵ͷʾͬ
ã죬˳ĸԶ
ܿ죬󲿷˶ʼ͡ǵĸ߿ƣԭҰ
߲߱ڹţظŴӡ
ûк߳۾ȴһֱţʢӯӯЦ⡣
ųţԶ˵ĸ͹
ǵĸӴΪǰࡣ
ȻͣԶԶߣߡ
̧ͷôˣ
㲻˵һЩȥȵ𣿿㿴ݣ
Ҳмݡ
һֱѰұصϣǶ˵
͹۾һֲã޶ֱڹϳĹӣűܹȥأ
⣬ö࣡
Ѿ˲ݴԣʾ߹ȥ
̣ͨҶë߾һӶϿڴŵһζ
һ˵ģ϶óԣ
ߣ𣿡
ǳãڵȥѱߡ
ƬɽͷǣʲôʱҪˣժУõڣ
ҪѱߣͲŵʱҲܳԵõҲô鷳ȥڸ¾Ϳˡ
Ҳһ㡣
Ҳ
ѧһ༪ݣҶŵһǡ
ɽҰڹÿ˶ض顣
һȥʱصȥκȡκˮΡ
߻ǵһεκߣֻһƬǳڸ̲ϣһۿȥܿ׳һЩҰ׵Ρ
һЩĲݣϡϡġ
һȺĶˮźߵˣЩƺ⡣
߿򣬿һһۡ
ʲôأ
ѹ磬㿴򡪡ǡ
̧ͷһۣȺޣ˾˵˵ھ̫٣⼸겻ץ˵
һֿ˿Զ
˾ңҲ̫ǰ˰ɣ
ץץ·оЩ𺳡
ص䣬̫ɽ硣
һΣ𶼻ûз£ȲʣߣҪôŪ
ͰڹƤá
أ
ҷһͰɹ
˵꣬˷ɢȥ
һԼͰ裬ϴɾ֣һĿյϰڹƤ
ˮ࣬ڹִֺڣ֭ǳ㡣
ߴߴ춯ڹƤۿɼٶ϶ѡ
һԻҲæ
ﴶ̽
ôҰѰõڹƤȥʯٽ֭ҺͰ
ڹƤˣһչʼڹƤ֭Һ
֭Һ󿪺κˮΡ
ʿԹɫκˮٻЩá
ȹϺڵҺٴտ̧ͷкΧ۵ǣҿ԰ԼĲϺùˣϾͿȾɫ
һɢظҰ֯õĲùߣ۰Ͱ͵Χڱϡ
ߣ㣡ֱӶȥȾ𣿡
һ鲼ͷȾãҿЧ
߽һ鲼ľ裬ҵȻϲϲɫϲĻҵ˱ȾȾ
Ƭ̣ľеϺ첼ϸ߸˷ʾ⣬žɫˡ
ɫÿҪȾɫ
ҲҪ
ææά򣬡ҪС̣Ⱦϡ
߽ӹһ鲼Žչľѹʵ
ʮӺһ
ԭװ׵ĲϱȾɾȵϺɫĺɫºۡ
Ⱦˣ
ⲼƯȺЩ˵ëƯ
ߣ𣿡
ʵʱȺѾֻ֣߰һ
ﶼžĹ⡣
С̡
ۣ̰ѸȾõĲϷһգٵǰȥ
ߵСıŪˣҵȥɰ
߶꣬ʼȾڶ
ڣΧ˺ˡ
վȺУһۣȴһֱЦ
ÿȾһôȥɹʱΧͻһ󻶺
أд󵨵Ҫԣ߽Ⱦɫ񽻸ǣԼһָ
콥ˡ
ҵ
߿ǰһ£ǻȾһЩͼ
Ҳԡ
һԴأù߹ʾҿ
˷ɱѣƬ̺Ź߿񱼻
߽ӹߣһһĲм˼ۣ߽ۺõĲʵʵһ񣬽񶪽
Χ۵̽ͷ̽ԡ
Ȳʱһ㡣
ú󣬰߽ˡ
ͺˣվſ߸Ĳ񣬡Ҳûʲôһĵط
֪ˡ
Զӧ
˽ӹǿ鲼񣬽ý߼Ѳ̯ƽ
̯һ˲䣬ۡһȺ
мȻһ쳣Ưİ׻
Ҳǿ鲼Цͼ
̫ˣһϣס
ΧǻعסֵܣⲼ̫ÿˣ
ߺܿ챻űסϲõļкЦԶ


21 
ļľ
ߵĶӳ, ̶ʮ죬ѾϥǸߣڸ϶Ƿ۵֦Ҷ, һ̵÷
ЩҶӻۣժ˺üε˳ԡ
|۵ĶҶŵͺʹͷˣֻҪһΣбسһµζ·𳢵ġ°ʳ, ԵҶһγ롣
ΨһвľǶҶˮֱȽ϶࣬չջղȣΪ˳ҶѾըչ
չ, ֻչƬڻϳ
ӳú, ҪˮֺͷҲȽ϶ࡣ
߳пգ͹ϲ, ׷ʡ
ơ
, ڶмʱûľդ
ɻ̧ͷȴ˱վһߴˣ
˾ˣ߷еʯ, ֱң, ôˣ
ңƿդ߽е¸
һ£ϴ, Ͼ
㲻Ҫɻ, Ұһ, ߸ɱ˵
Ǹ, ͦġ
ʯ
ң˰ɻʯ߹һ׷ʡ
֮ǰҲ֪վԿ˶ãһֱģ
߼ҲŸɻ˾Ҫʲô
ңʣ֪Ҳֻǰһļ˾ô
ѵйأ
¶飬˵ͷʾң˵
ң֯ĲʮָȤܲܺ㻻⼼
ȵȣָһӥ壿
ֹӥ塣塢塢ҹ塢춥塢β塢塢塪˸һͬ㻻֯
߻ǵһ˸ȫơ
ͳ岻ǺԶҲϢ߾ȣǵϢҲ̫˰ɡ
ÿҲ˹
ԭˡ
ߵͷʾ⡣
ң̧ͷһۣ˵ǰ˸壬ÿԸʮϺõƤӻȡ֯׷һͬȥǵشԺͲɼ
̧ͷңһۣ顣
ֻƤӣں
īÿ춼ܴزǼҲȱƤá
ȥĲԺͲɼǳĶˡ
Ѿ߱ڵأƬطʲôֲǳڵתƣӦҲҲ̫мֲֵ
ȷʵȥط̽
ңġ
һʯ˵ʵҷǳĶ
ң˵
Ҳڻش㡣֯ϵԼϵˣҵһ˵
˵꣬ң
ең
ңδ䣬ԡʲôʱʺã
ɿҿҪʱǡ
֮㡣
ңŽж׷ʲߡ
Էûס
ʳߵһľϷûȥɼ
Ĳɣ׷ʣñȽ硣
Ҵ˺óԵĢ㿴ôóԡ˵һ룬ͻȻ˳ӣڿôİ˵ζ˭ˣǶкøе˰ɣ
˾
˭ȵȣ˾ô㣿б䣬ǸСɽͷϽ
һ֯ļм˾ѯ
ãȻʲô˼
ĵǳǰ֮⣬˸䡪ӥ塢塢ȶ뻻ǵ֯
Ǿͻһ嶼ֵܡ
ûô򵥡Ȼֵܲ䣬Ҫǽ֯䣬ܻӰǲ䣬Ҫ˶Ҫõ㶫ͿԻһѡ
գգ۾ƶǶصͷ㲻֯𣿡
ߵҪ̣ܻĿǣҵ峤
ȥոշɻʱҿǰƤ
ȥȺǸ˵һοһǸ
īʹϻϢӦͰࡣ
īֵܲ䣬峤Ӧòᷴԡ
ʣߣô룿
ߵҲ츣ͦáԣڰ֯ȥ
ī峤Ӧòᷴԡȥ峤˵һٸ߼˾ԸС
ھ͹ȥ峤˵
ҪҪ㣿
áҺ峤ôνҲûôҡǸȥ˰
ȥ峤µʱصشһ̹ȥ
µ游ľڻ߷ߡ
ȥľЦŰľ£ߣ£
峤顣ľ̸㣬Ұߡ
ôָǴ̣Լźȡ
жģ峤أʲôʱ
ѲȥˣһӦþ͵ˡ㳢һ¸ժġ
лľڻ߰ɰߡ
ľºͣߺĵͦ죬»ʱ򣬰߻δ
¸մŲڲתһȦϴˮ黹˳ż|
ߣ֮ĵطվ£
վżɽ˾˽ҵң˵ӥ˸һ֯ڵ
¶ı飬˾Թʣ
ߵͷ
ԭس뻻𣿡
ٴεͷ͵ÿ䶼ԼأǾ֯Ҳ֯ҲӣǶ鲼ĥˡ
˾û˵Ļܸ㻻ʲô
˵ˣÿʮϺõƤӣȥǵشԺͲɼ

һǼ˾˰ȡġ
ЦЦ뻻ͻɡ
⣬Ӧˣ
ȻԼļȫ뷨
λ峤Ҳִ̫
˿µͷлл
Ӧǲлл㡣º͵лԸΪ俼ǡ
Ҳǲһӣ϶ҪΪǲ俼ǡ̧ͷһʱ䲻磬Ȼȥˡ
㡣
ľҪȥץ˼ӲҪȥǸǳ
ƴǲֻЦ¡
߽Ը⽻֯Ϣң
ңʾ֪ˣԼʱ䣬ʱѧ֯
ȫû
Լõ죬ģѱ߸ݽˮȻһ
ʶתͷȥ
ֻһȺ
ǰǸȳļ˾һɫװʽˡ
һ·ӦǰԼѧĸ壬ӭȥ
¸ܡ
ĶǸ峤
д͸峤ˡ
߿һһ|СλȻͬ峤һ¡
Ϊʱ˶ܱĽɫ
û뵽Ҳ˿Ե峤
ߡ½ˡ
߻عЦЦ
峤ǺһƤϽߡ
ÿʮƤӣ˸İš
ЩǴ˵ƤӣÿһŶܺʵ
߽ƤӷŵͰŲ£Ƿһֵλ׵ǿպá
峤ԶҲûϻ
ƤӺóǰ׼õľӣЩ峤֯
֯ѣɾСȴ֯߸ҽЩ˿ظʹãȵ֯Ҫöࡣ

λ峤ΧߣĿתضĶ񶼺档
ⳡѧһ硣
ǰ߻Ǹλ峤оǳ졣
峤׷Űȥ֯ÿһ趼ʵ
˿˽ǲҪô֯ΪʲôҪ֯˳ṩͷ֯˼·
򵥵󣬰峤չʾȾɫļ
Щ峤ֻҪɫĶȾ
һڣһӰʱ䡣
Ȱ߽Ѿա
´峤ȥĴϢ߸һ͡
峤Ƕ԰ߵ̬ʮֹ
ĽС峤Űߵĸ첲ߣҪ˯ɣ죬һҪȥˡ
峤Ҳ˯һҲͦáʲôʱأҸ˵˵صķò
峤һţҲ廰κԱֱͬץ
æһ죬һ˯˯úãȥúϢһʱɡ
ǰ죬þ񡣡
Ҫһȥһ᣿
Цܣллλ峤ĺ⣬Һüûȥɼȥɼˡ
̬ºͶ
峤ʹɫʾæ˵
Ŀбӣƺȫû
峤ֻ
ߣһȥ˸͵ʳ̫ллˡ
Ҳ͵еȭͷллȾɫ
ԶԶԣر࣬˸ɹ
嵹ûʲôɫʳر࿡ˣҪͰɣ˴ȥڹ䡣
˵ˣڴϵһ죬ȻȥϢɣֻڵ
ȥæ˵һߺסҲ
С¶ȻܾմˣԼȥ
峤ǳµǰߡ
߼м䣬˵Ϲò΢Ц
һߵɽš
ǰңͷŰ˵͵ͿˣȻȥϢ
˵꣬ˣҲȥϢпյʱһǸԵѲߡ
ңһֻðͰߵ
߲֪ңͼλ峤˵ʲô
λ峤ڶһ뿪ǵĲ䣬ظԵȥˡ
һ
İ˷ǳȤ֪峤뿪󣬻Ϊǻס졣
סĻ˭д
ߣ㲻ϲǣ
ϲ߿ڲݶϵĺʵƤϲҲһҪס¡
ȥöƤӰǴһԣ˵ŪôƤӡôã
ʯľӣƤӷŽȥɡʲûҪƤӣʸһ⡢С򡢹ӵȣʲôùֻҪֵµڲϵļֵС
ŶҰʡ
ɥˡ˫Ƥ̰ɣ̺һڹô
Ҿÿԣ


22 
, ȥҤǱ߿Ƭּһ˶ûС
߱֡
λȥˣѱ߻
ֵ, ڼȥˣ
߽ϵչϴˮȻ
ͷԱߵĲ԰ӱϵСˮ߼һ㣬õ߹ȥࡣ
Ūһ, ɽ³ߣ˰
ȥˣܵһӺ
һԵش, ³֪ɣ
֪ȥ
ʧ, 㶼Ϊʲô
Ϊʲô
۾һùľڰ߶, üŪ, İڲݴǸǸ
˶ָ´˿
ƤӣȻ󣿡
ôһ㶼棿ЩɨˣȻӱѹ, Ⱦ˻ɫĲ֭, رѿ˺þöûɾͺͰ³ˡ
, Ҳȥ
˭ȥˣǶڰο, ôѵ, ͱŪ, ϧߣûа취һǼӣ
֪
˸ɣڷɫĲƣؿڴһ֦Сɻ
ô˼·ƻˣѹع³ܡ
룬ۼȥӱϴɾ߷ĲƬȥڡ
ǼôĲƬȥÿϴҲϴɾҪȻͲ˳ˣ
ϴɾظһ飬һԴ૵Ҿ˵ʲô£ˣ
ϴͷϴ趼ûˮϴףҲûرӦõʱ򲻶ࡣ
֮ǰû뵽һæˡ
ãȻʲô
ϴͷϴϴ·رõһֶٷɿ죬һɱɣȥŪˮ
ɤӣھȥ
ԣ
Ǽÿ춼߾Ͷ˴Ļҡ
չ޳һˮȺò˳ˮ
˳Ļˮӻҽȥظ裬Ȼٴιˡ
κ󣬰ߵõһ޻ɵˮ
˺õĻˮһߣҿˮҪˣȥݻ
ʲôݣ
ݡ
е񱡺ɣһɷǳζǲܳԣ˻ӡ
ϰˣͿϷá
ҲͿΪʵ̫ˣܾã̫ϲƽʱһ㶼Ϳһֲݡ
ô㣬ֱͿ̫ʣá
˳ɵӱߣȥշֹݵĵط
ݲ࣬غһ·ŷСѣǿ
ߴݻȥ
īѾˣڻ
߳ԷôȻҪݣ֪Ҹһ
ǸȻҰȫ갡
ȥﻻ㡣
칻ˣҪõ˵ɡ
˵°һţȥݵ֭
ѧʳһµУҲȥæ
˿ƽʯͷ̯ʯͷϣʯͷ飬֭Һ
֭ҺŪϷǳЩ֣ζҲ㣬Щӡ
һԿڰѻˮŪ
Ҫչ͡
͸ʲô
ɻ󣬲ȥ͡
ø޵֬ģʲôްʲô͡
Ҳţֱӻһ
Щȴܺÿһںɫչ΢΢̡
߽ҨһСŵչ
ڻİ£ܿڻɫҺ塣
߽չ޵Ϸ΢΢ܵÿݲݵŽһչó
۾һգգضĶͿ𣿡
Уѻˮù
첽ѻˮݸȻأ
վԶ㣬еӻըʾ氶ˮװ͵չС
͵¶Ȳ̫̣ߵĻˮҲ࣬ɹرסչޣûŪը
ֻˮһȥ̱û
ߵ˴һˮ󣬽װˮĹӷŵһߣȻľ˳һĻˮ͡
Ա߿
һ㷢֣ߣͱˣ
ּʱͺͻˮѾһȿͣҲˮֻаʵصĻ
ָһ㣬˴ָ꣬зǳỬȥҲָͷĲ֭ˡ
磬ٰҰ
ݵֱ֭ӼӽȥͿ𣿡
һ룬ʣһҪһ
ݵ֦ҶҶӽȥһ裬ɫĸɫһζ˱ǶѾлĸоˡ
ʮ⡣
õķ׼õҶϣЩˣͿˡ
һͱ˷۾ɵϴ󣬿ֿȷͺˮһɸˡ
˵ڶ޷ʱʵں棬ǿҪԼ衣
Ҫһָ裬һ˸ɾҶӹ
īԱ߿ţҲ۾档
ʣЩô壬ƽʱϴϴɾӻˮһ¾Ϳϴͷϴˣ
ǸǺһ˵Ҳûð˵ľƬڸõķһھͿһСȥϴ衣
˴ָ֣ŵǰĿԡ
īȥԡ
߻ӻ֣˻Ч
λϴȥˡ
Լĵڶ޷ĳɾ͸УǿҪҲȥϴ衣
ǸǻľƬһΣҪǺõĻĻһ㡣
û⡣
Էǳ棬ϴʱ򣬻صһӡ
ķ͸ӡ
λ׻ֵȲطȥεĺ̲ϴ衣
һѣһӣ㡰ͨһˮŪʪƤȻ󽫷Ƥϡ
÷ϴ֣оЧ̧ͷʰȴһ࣬һôˣ
Ҳ̫̫˰ɡִ˴¶ŵı飬ͻ
Чˮϴܿϴɾˡ
ˮõԼϣ¾ʹɾˡ
ͷԼĸ첲һɵζӿãûϴˡ
ǰûôƤʹʹϴͷϴ裬֪ҾȰѷˣ磬Ҵ걳
ӹеĲҶҪһ㣿
ԣ
ֵϴͷ裬ηɻز䡣
˯ǰŵԼϴǹɵζ
ʹᣬҪϴһ衣
аһȥһôáˣҪ߱˷ô뻻һ㶫
ۣǲǻỻණ
ӦòڣֲǱƷɱҲߣմҵ㶫ˡ
뻻ʲô
ߺԥǷӵ֬
ƤӲʺ֬
֬Ҫʱ䣬һһҲͳôһ֬Ҫʮϰٿ֬ŹһѣҪһûܹ͵õȵڶˡ
ڶ˵ﰲһҪѵǸ֬ǰ˸ûط֬ȥ
˭Ҷô֬Ƥӡ
һһһС֬ھ󲿷ּͥ˵ʲô¡
ҪѣҲôһ㡣
ȵԲ۾ǲ뵽취ˣ
ǵûУ֮ǰֻԼԼôһͷߵҸоӦò̫⡣
е
ڶһ磬һʹŰ߸
ҪСһʶһķ
ľƬһ飬һСһһҪã
Ϊʲô
ûΪʲôϽȥɡˣ磬ߴңĿǰʮ߿ûˣ뻻ץʱҰ
Ϳˣ
㰴˵ĸߴҾͿˣҪܻҽҪõ֬һʳףһ¡


23 
ߺŸ緹, 죬³·һֻֻϷС
Աˣô˳
ҸоܿܰѷӽˡǸ, ҲҪᵽɽȥ˵ǽ겻ðˡ
ǲСô䣬ٶƤҲй˲ʱ򡣡
Ƥǵʱһ𿻣ջȡů
ߡסǰʹǰ, סɽǶˡⲻһԵ顣ķӿԽ컹Ҫᵽɽȥס
㶡
һ, ļ, ˵ܿܰѷӽʲô˼ǻȱƬľĺ֬
ߴתƻ, ҪõƬľĶȽ׵õ, ֬⣬Ӻܿܽˡ
ôģ
Ǹǵķô
ܺãڻŵϵζ
ҽ, Ǹ͵£
ôС˵, ǵ⣿
ԽһԽö˼֮֬ʮ궼һ, óá
֬ճϼ˿ˮѷɫ
صȥ, ¼ǰ, µʯͷҲúι̡
Ĳ˵, ҪɽͷϷӲĺۼ˺ܾá
ǷŻһ飬֬ڻŽʯŲ
֬ż꣬Ҳʡ
߻û˵껰ݡһӱ󴵹֮Ļİ˵ζ
߾ȵػͷ
ץ֬£޴ĳڵϡ
ǱԭΣëȹϵ֬ȸͰߴк
Цʣ࣬ǳԷûУԵɡ
ллΪ׵಻˼ЦЦǳԹˣ߻ʡ𣿡
ҧͷֵһ˲
߰ľ鷳һ£ȥáһҪ˿𣿡
ԣÿ顣
˷
ǽõǰĿ¶档
һʣݣ
ǣϴܷ֮á
߸ǻÿһСı߽ϡ
ǻ÷Σųɻȥˡ
˿ػ¡
Ա߿Ȥߣͱ˽ʱϱ鶼ͬˡ
ߴ˴ԼҲЦǾҲ˵´ξͲˡ
ƨ|ɻûȣ
һʣֶмġ
Ź˰ϣͽʮȫȥˡ
̫ϸʱŻ
һصѱߣߺߣҰ˵ģҪ㻻ķôˣ
߳ĴָѾȫȥˡ
ô죿ɴ۾ǲŸմӺӱ߻
üġ
Ҿ˵ôһ㶼żԭҼˣһ
ˣǰһϴ·ȻһԼá
⻹ࡣ
֬߸չʾűǶ֬ҹƺܻܿҽҪõ֬ˡ
룬ôࣿȥ죬ܰķӽ
ԸٿŪʲôҪľĵʱҲö˻á
߰ȥݣ޷
Һһʮ߿
ŽҺֶҪˡ
ˣٽһᣬɶɲ˵֮ǰ˵֬͸óԵģںóԵأ
ûƭ㡣̧̧ڹȥһ֪ˡ
ףӲװôסˣ
ÿ֪ˡ
˳ȥ˿߽Ǽʯͷɵÿ˹ࡣ
滹ס޿ڵĸҶ
˾ţ֮ҶҲ˺
û뵽һһ˵ζֱӡ
ˣߣʳˣ
Ӧòᣬҿġ
ˣôһζš
߰ŰɵؽӹӣŻ⣬ݡ
һĹ״һ㵭ɫƤӣһΣҡ񵰸
״úܳɹ
ٽ̷ŵӵһţһζ˱Ƕ
̵ζ
۾һ˵ûζ
ʲôӣ˵û
ȥҨһ֪ˡ
ȥԱ
룬ȴץһûţ˰ҪǳԻ˶ӣȥ˾Ⱥܿҩ

ˣ̵ʱǲǻͷ֭Ƕӵܳ𣿡
ζҪǲģҾͳҪζԣҰ³
ǾᣬѹӸңȳһ
ڡ߱е̹ӣľһס
ϲ̵ǲɫƤӱȽԣڳе
ǰĹ̬̣ź̡
߽ͽУһɴζڿӿ۾
̼ۣȴһԣƤ촽ϣǳ㡣
Ա߿۾ǲǲܳˣ³ҲЦ㡣
ܳԡ̣ͦóԵģҪ㳢
ôо̫ţ
һ¹ͳ۹һͺóˡ
ô棿
ڹͳ˹
߽Ҩһֽһ׳ۣŰݸ
Žɵؽӹ룬򵥽һ£Ҩһ̷Ž
߶飬ţҪ룬ϲˣȷʵ˲ϲĶ
Ťһ£ҳ
죬ೢںҲͦóԣ
Ҿ˵ô᲻óԣЦˣԼҲҨһ룬ԺҵˣһŽȥͻóԡ
һ룬ͷдޣӣǸͰһɡ
ã켷̣߳Ƿ˿ϵǣѾˣ˯ɣȥժڹ
һȥ
ֵŷȥĺӱϴˢһһѣͷ˯
ڶ컹Ǵǡ
ʲôʱˣ߸оԼƤճƤ۾ǸҺ˯һ
Ȼ˯˾㡣
ʲôŵһ飬͵̽ͷ濴Ǹ˵˭ˣ
ʻʱѾ龰
վ£ߴϳ˳Ӱӣ̧ͷúͰ߶ӡ
ʶĨĨ۽ǣɵ֪˵ʲô
ңͷ
ڳԵ·ˡ
ܳ
ôһ綼ô˧
͵ȥо˱˵
һһէĶŪˣ۾Ҳûʣôˣ
û¡˾ˣ˯ҳȥ
ͷ·ȥң˾һʲô£
ǰ˵ȥ俴쿪ʼҪһֵѲӣҪҪһȥ
ô죿
ȵȣң˵ҪȥزɼȻǳ滰
һ£ҷɵñȽᵢ顣
ҪҺüûϸأý˻
˾Ҫȥ죿
ܻҪȥҹǧﳤһرĹӣӦûȤ
ӣ˾ˣһ´ʲôĹ𣿡
һֻɫĹӣǺܲð֮һָô󣬳е̺Ҷ̫ϲԡбĳԷҪһˣķϴӦû᲻
תһȦ벻ʲô
ʳǺʳǼҵˣòһ
߿򴨺ī۶ǿǸ˾ȥ
λûзԵ˼
ңѣȥ
˰ҲСȥʰ
ôڴϢҪǿǺˣ֮ǰҡ


24 
, ̼ǵÿ켷ҲҪա
֪
ҵĲ˰ҿһ£кͼݶԸ, ҪͺˡҪˣҽˮϻ϶ԣҪ罽
ֲǵһοЩȥ, ˾˶ˡ
ؿ԰Ӻ
ıȥɣ, Ҫü˾˾õȡ
߱Ǹһ, ˳ӣԼıȥңϡ
ң, һͷ, ߰ɡ
˵ձΣһȣҡֱϡ
ںæΣų
ңαȰߴֹ, ķִֿ
ķ, о̧ĳӾʱӾȦ
ɵָֿ죬һ㶼Ѿ
ߴûзɵô, Ưڰ, ǰɡ
ķ紵, 紩ëķ϶, ë顣
ǳ̼档
һֻ޳졣
ңͷһۣһʾϡ
ߡ˺ü³򣬸ٶ
һɳ˰أ̫ɽʱ򣬰߷ľɫѾǳİ
ңûͣǰȥ
ȵĳɽǰһƬݵС
ѵ÷һ磬ûۡ
Σתֱۺͼ
ң±𣬡Ӫʲô
Ҵ˸˾Ϣһ£
ʱȽϳԣԺúóһ٣ֻܳԸһᣬȥץܿ
Ȱϴãѻ
ңȥԣڸҵˮԴһڼ¯ռ˲׼
ûһңһֻʮ׵Ұ޻
ûð߶֣ҰȥӱɱƤȥ࣬ȻŽɰ
ңлҪºͺദ
Щ⣬ңüۡ
ңȻ̧ͷʲô
ʲôһ±ӣҼҵԵù𣿡
ԡ
ȥ
߼˳ȥĺһȥ⡣
ݺѾˡ
չ޵ײһͷٷһƺõ
ͷ͵ļ£ܿƮζ
֭ˮཹཱུðݡ
߶ӵĽʳУӣоܳһͷţ
ȥӱ߰ϴɾ˾ˣǼҵɣ
ңס
ߴ˴չðˮӽҨ
ⱻù룬һŨĽ֭žʳָ󶯡
ʿˮʢ˫ֵݸң
ң⣬ûгԣʢ˵ڶŶӡ
߶úˣһˣҲû󣬶˺ҧ
ңֹţ
һˮûţúζ
룬оڳԱˡ
룬ңһЦ˾ˣҳԱˣԡ
ңšһӿٶȣʣµʳԲչ޺Ҫȥϴ
Ҫ룬ܿˡ
Ѿ͸ˡ
ңðҰһݣԸһ
û
˸ż¯˯һߣõԷҲ޵ؿԷ˯ӡ
û뵽гһպе˯һΣΪп
Щ˵Ĳݶϣңҹߡ
һ˯ڶʱΧİ龰һ¡
۾ֻң¯ӡ
ϸ¹¶ˮݲݱʪȥʱðŨŨİ̡
ݲеζʹ̵ζһƮð߳
˾ˣ
ȥϴ緹ܿܳԡ
æ
أһͺˡ
ң̬࣬ҲûкС
߸ദˣͦã벻÷Ѿ˼һ⡣
ң˵߳ѲӱѲӡ
һ㲻䵽ϣշɹȥֻҪû״Ѳˡ
죬ڽҹء
ҹ˲Ķһǣر͸ߴľ
ѺͰһľ½Ȼͬ
ҹɡ
ԽԽ룬ǰԽԽߣԽԽܡ
Ӹ߿¿ɭ䣬һƬǳǳɫ
ңתͷʾߵطˡ
£ֳȥ
ų󣬵ȷȥһˣŷֱԵϣȻľľ޴ƽ̨
ƽִ̨ꪷڣ̧ͷǺ˳λǽ䡣
ңûֱþ޴䵽ƽ̨ϡ
ƽ̨׵ʱѾΣһԾȵľϡ
Ҳѧ
κ̫ˡ
ƽʱûԹɣ
ִ֮䣬ûܱΣҲû׼ν䡣
ë׵ƨ|ľϣδֱ߰ƽ׵ľƽ̨๾෭Ȧ
ߵԲĴ۾ֻˤˣһʱز
ҺεëֱȽᣬôһȦҲûôˡ
ңǰһĳ⣬Сġ
ԱߵҲϹû°ɣ
ౣû¡

Σͷλл󣬵ͷװԼӡ
֪ʵʵˡ
̫ˡ
ݣ
̧߲ͷ
ͻȻߴžžવԶ
ʲô
߹˲Σתͷ֡
ðһСԴȻһȺŽŰС˺ˡ
ǿ˺ϸЦݣ¶ȱ˾ˣ
ңͷʷڵˣ峤𣿡
ڣ
ȥ
СǺ˾ˣǴȥ
ҹزĳҲܳػӭǽȥ
߸ң棬ܶרŹ˵ллڵ֯
ҹ˴֦̾͵ľߡ
ߺܿ췢֣ҹѶ֦ϡ
ǵһ㶼ԼСȫΧ֦ɵĹǼܽɣëͲ
ÿ֦ϻâݣӦԷꡣ
֮ľ̳һС·
С·֦Ϊ·գϸϸסôڼʮ׵ĸ߿ϣγһ޵Ŀȡ
߻֯ķŷɵ㡣
ҹеĽڰУʮï֦ܵҶʮҶֵء
С֦ͷһֻֻС顣
߻ǵһοĽ𺳡
ҹ峤ܿϹǹȥĿյϣҹһ
ҹ˷ǳ飬ó˸ʳ͡
Χǰظף˾ĵ
ףһֺңҹ峤ǰ˵
Աš
峤ˮ˵ܽ
ңҴȥǧժҰ
ˮЩԥǧʹر࣬Ҳþûȥˣ̫Ҫһȥɣȥɨһ顣
Ҫȥ
ҸǴ·
֪·Ǻ˵һ߿ܻҵҰǰ塣
˵˵ĿһͶߡ
æͷҿҪȽ϶Ұȥռӡ
ˮЦҰѣҪϲͶڵȥ
ڶҲȥҿ϶ǿ
û£Ұܶ࣬죬˴ȥҡ
Цлĺ⡣
ңҹ˵󣬵ڶû鷳ҹˣһʹ߳ˡ
ɵʱ̫û
ҹڵˮһȥ߸оǻ涼ˮ
ôصˮҪңǰɶɲ
ˣһᣬͶӵµëˮմʪˣһϣǳ
Ƿɹһһɭ֣Խһһӣ̫ʱɵһƬǳ̵ĺϿա
ʪ롣
ʪĲߣ׵ģǳ룬һƬ̺
ȥƽɫƬֱƽߴ
ңһŰ䡣
߸棬䵽һƬԽϰĲݵϡ
ʱܳһȺˮ˷ա
һαȲȥƯ
ңָ꣬ǰҰǱߣҴʱ䣬ûȫ졣
ȼҲû¡˳ָķ˳ܹȥأû
ң棬ߵĲݴһָݴ
ϸ쿴˺һŷмӲݲͬݡ
ǶϽӡ
ȵȣе찡
ߵɴ۾ϸ˿ûСˮ
ܳ
ˮ
Ȼˮ
߽ϸֿһ顣
ǵӣ
߸оԼԺһƬհף˴ԭء
ôˣңüңĸ첲
໡ת͵رңһ£ӣȻҵ˵ӣݣ
ң˲䱻˸
ѣѾ໽ԭرһ¿һµӣ˷ܡ
Ѿ˷ܳɺˣûֱ˼˾ʲôԡ
ңֽǰ㵸ջ֡
һѵӣֱһŽҧ
ĵÿһζȷϣǵӡ
ģ֦ͷϵĵӡ
ݣ뵽ˡᶼˣȻеӣȻ޾֮·
ңԥһ£ץסֱۣ侲һ㡣
һĨ侲ˣ
ԭ˺ܾò侲
ңʲôһô
ܻһĨһû˺ľãȳ˾֪ˡ
㳢
пһ£һӻعϵ˷ˣ˶񣬡ﳢ
ңףﳢĶͦࡣ̣ӡϡŹֵĶô𣿡
ңĻ֮⡣
ԭżκθҵ˵ӣھҵĳ£Ѿ˷ܹͷˣֻʣƣŲ
񣬡һжּ⣬Ҳ֪ϡŹֵĶôôࡣ
ңؿ
ĿƺҪ䴩
վ̹Ȼ
ңʲô
ңã˵ּɡ
߷ʣҪȻô
ٴζӡ
ңջĿ⣬Ժֱֱԡ
ⲻʡ
Ĳʵ¶ȥˣ֮ǰôû˵ʣ
ЩֲᱻǸᣬֱֻᡣ
ңֱ׳˶ٵ㲻ҵ񣬲ؽҼ˾
ҲСͿ˰ɣ
δڹϣ˿
Ҳҳڲ϶ּ⣬ĻҲûʲôýŵġ
ϣԺһֱ
Ȼ
ȻҾɱ㡣
ңĻƽ
ƫͷܿжϳġ
ôһ죬Ǹ׺ֳڲ䡣


25 ̵
ߺңĹ֮, ң̬ûʲô仯ߵࡣ
ҹס죬ȵٻȥ
ȥĵطѲٻ㡣
㲻һ
ˮǸŵù, ⡣
ң˵, Ͱ߻صҹȥĲѲˡ
, ߺҹһԷ
ҹΪд, չ, ⻹չ㣬չˡ
߳һˣӲͱˡ
ˮԵò࣬Ա߸в, ǵĲζǲĲԶ, ʤ, ೢڡ
峤Ұѧϰ֯ʱ, ǰдǡ
ĲҲûرζִζҪǿöࡣ
Цһ£˲Ұڻ
Ұó԰ɣȥʱ򣬶һȥ˳
˵ҿҪס졣
㾡סղһ˵̫ȾĲ裬סĻ, ָǼ䣿
⻰̫ǫ, Ҹոտλϵ˫ɫ, ֯ʱɫ߱һ, ֯˫ɫưɣ⼼ɱǿˡ
ߺͳˮ, Ŀ⻥, Ƭ̺һЦ
ˮʢһ, ģӭǲסһʱ䣬ʲôõĶ̽ǡ
ѧϰ֪ǵ˳ȥɼ㣿
ȥĻȻԡǲ䲻һǲرȽΣգһȥҲԴΪ
û⣡
Ҫ𴲣Ǵȥһĵط
ߺҹԼһȥԲɼ
ڶһ磬ҹСǱžžܵѱߣ𴲡
İԼڲ

ѱߵС۾ӡ
Ц̧̧֣ѽ
ۡСһɢƬ̺ܻϳк硪
ЦųСǻӻߣΣȥɭĺϴ
ҹ˴󲿷ú磬Ѿ߶
緹󣬳ˮŲ׳ȥԺͲɼ
߻Уһ޳ëףŸ롣
ҹ˵ͦϲЩרΧ衣
Ƿɵ̫߸߹ڰʱŵĿĵء
ȥĵطҲǺͻĲݵء
߱ΣǰʶľɫʵǲҲǧķΧڣ
ˮĴָû뵽ôͷˡ
ݺˮһ
ǧһǧɣǲһ붼ǧ
ĺܴˡ
ѾĿĵأɢȥԻȥɼ
ߺͳˮһ
Ĳݵ»
Ӱп̲𣬷羰
м֪ߣһһӣҪǲСĲȵرĵطζβ
һ·˺üЬӺ󣬲ò½ϵƤЬӽŽ·
ˮʣ߷ˣ
С
ҪˣǾ˵˵ǵأǹҹ壬ʲôʡ
һһܾˡ
ʲô
ֵ
һӴǧм䴩ȥ㿴𣿡
Ȼ󣿡
ӾͽгˮӣǴҪһУǸϣҲˮһͽҳˮ
ߵͷȻˮǲǴǲԴ
ӦǴǲε˲Դǲ䡣
ϱ߸ߣߵͣ
ӦãˮЦЦҪ˵ʲôȻһǰĶ
߿ҳվԭôˣ
ˮش𣺡
߾һĿ⾼ؿǰ档
ǰһƬĲݣû磬Ĳ˿
߼ȿҲĲʲô
ˮƬ̣Ȼһڰбһֻ޴ĻųɵǱߵĲݴ
죬ֻǰһѾʮ֮⡣
۾
ˮķ罫ݴöᣬܿݴĻҰɫӰӡ
ˮһѹǰסʲôǶúݴﴫƵĽ¡¡
ɣ
ԭء
ȻѼ
߰ǰܣûһһǳܵˮǱߣˮΣһֻһֻվЦЦ
ﻹڸ¸½С
߶￴
ǳеѼӣȴѼӴˣа˸ߡ
˵Ѽӣ˵졣
ˮϰߵߣ˻Σеĸ¸ޣѣû뵽ˡ
վ¸ǰҧ𣿡
ҧ㿴ͣżݣҧ˿ˡĿˮжҪǲСıҧ˿ֺס
ǻͦǡ
У㱻ҧˣҲֻСˣҰɵ˺ˡǵӦڸ˵ҵǵĵ
߹ȥڳˮָʾ£ùӲݣ˳Ÿ¸޵Ľӡȥңûһỹҵöȭͷɫ
Ǳ棬£Ȼ¸ڷ
۾һ¸޻𣿡
ɵòߣôˣ
ǣ
ʲôԵʱҰ׽ˣ˵ȽϣйζûֻۣǿŸͷѣôóԡ
ǲûУȥö㻻ֻ¸޼һѵô
ˮ£㲻ûʲô
ָָԼԴԴװءǳԹ̵𣿡
ʲô˺ܶεĵ
ǣƹĵ
û˵
絰ķӺ㻻¸ޣҿռͦ񵰣̫ñɣ
öôԣûǲѣֻ¸˵͸СˮЦЦȻȥþ͸㡣
ǲУҵð̵İ취ǡ̵ӵıʱ䣬йرζǳ˾֪ˡ
ˮŲپܾ
ҹںݶ࣬Ҳرࡣ
߻ȥʱ۲һ£ֳԺͲɼǣÿﶼС𵰡
ô൰ڶʱꡣ
߲Ⱥ˲Ҫ񵰵ı淽
ֻǳˮ̫˵ǽĹϵǷһ顣
̾˿һηԼΪ˴»Ҫ
һصҹĲ
ˮ԰˵ҰѸ¸ްţȥʱٴȥ¸޵ĵˣطôԶ㱳ŵɻȥ·ͻˡ
ҲУֻ¸ǲһһĸԺ󻹻ɣ
ǡǰ£õԺ¸¾ͻˡҪС¸޵Ļȥ׽ֻ
òãֻ͹ˡ
߿ˮѸ¸ްãᵽȥֵԼˡ
߹ȥʣûмݺȥȲݣҪ𡣡
ˮЦЦҪ͹ˣ
ٸһκһõչչޡˣҪһһ񵰣һոף񵰲Ҫ¸޵ĵ
УھȥŪ
Թ󣬰ҪĶȫˡ
ҹһȺΧΧסؿ
ҹȻ󽫾չ棬һε˽ȥ
ѽΧ뷢̾
ߣܳ𣿡
Եԡ
ЦŽݺȥȲҲ˽ȥľӳΡ
չ¶ȽߣݺȥȲݵζ˳
ȼݺȥȲݱõή֮󣬰߽ǲµĲݽȥ
ĵس˴ϣһչαý㡣
Χ۵˺ؿҹɫҲϻȥ˯
˶࣬ǰϣ͵ñʱʪһС
Ҷ˵һ
߽õεУٴνȡ
ΧȻ
̲סⲻ˷𣿡
Ҫԣ
ͷҲ̧࣬Щ񵰡
ʾһ£һʪ࣬Ϳˣ֮ո֮УҶסڡ
Ȼأ
ЦЦȻһ¾ͿԳˡ


26 ȥ
ҹ, ңŹ
ڿңӰһ̣ܹ߰ȥվǰʣôѲꣿ
Ѿӿٶˡ
߶, ЦЦ
ңʣң
еˡһѾ, , , Իؼҡ
ˮ߹, ˾ˡ
ңף⼸鷳ˡ
鷳߽ǲٶ
ǿǽ˲ٶ
ʲô
ҹֻ¸, , һȥȲݣҽ̵, ͷ, ȳԡ
ദú졣
ˮЦʣ˾ˣȥɲʿ߰Ѷͻȥ
أǲ˸һȥС
Ա߲廰˾ˣ緹ٻȥôȳ̵
ˮЦģò, Ҳ㡣
ߺһ, ҳ, ô粻ã
Ϊ˱סԼ, ߵڶ, Ħȭ׼緹
ҹ󲿷ǶѾ, ߵ, ҺƵظóλãߣҪ𣿡
ԣǰĵأ
һѽȥûʲôζ
ûʲôζһɾչ𣿡
ҹ˶˵һչ
߽Ҩչȥӱϴɾ
ϸĹȿǺɳӸ˴ˮ˻ŵչϡ
ܿ˰ɫһζƮ
ΧڹߣСš
ȷʵе㡣
оûóԣһϲ⡣
֣׷Žʱ򣬾Ųζ
߽һ࣬ȥ϶̵ʱصС̵̳ԱϽͷӶЦһҪһչ
У
ߣ񵰿Գ𣿡
Ӧÿˣȿһ̳Ч
߰С̳򿪣ϵζƮ˳
ʮ̵ǵĴӵȥӱϴɾ࣬ŵչмˮ
ˮ߹չ龰һҲûʲô
۾Ĳ㣬˵ӽչ࣬Ѿ׻ˣ˾أ緹
Ը£ȥˡ
ңܿ͹ˡ
̳߰ʯһɰ˷ݡ
ЩƵʱж̣ƻûôͣȴҲǷ״Ѿ΢΢ʵأҪϡ
ʢɢһ
߽˽չİ࣬ʢ࣬һң
ң˫ֽӹȰ߷࣬ʼԡ
ң˵һںˢˢؾ룬ʱʽʼ
ߴ˴̵࣬ҨһС׷Ž
еһϯǻ
̾һľһκʳ
ҳ񵰡
кţȼһ񵰡
΢̣ۣ󣬻йɼݺȥȲеζԣһǡô
Ǹ̵óԣһҪ
ȿڵһСˣ̵죬۾ץסǸҪһ㡣
ǸһС̵Ҩһ࣬ȥ
ϲԷСȲءءһڣϸƷʳ
Ц̵мӡ
߳ˮüôø¸޻̵İ취ɣ
ˮȺнҡ

߻ȥʱ˳·ȥκλ
˳ԵͷҲ̧ܱĿ𣡡
κڰӥ彻ĵطǵԼ˲䶼ԵκȡΡ
Ŵ˲ô㣬ûȱι
緹󣬰ߺҹ׼ԼĲ䡣
ҹ嵽ֱ߾벢Զ
ңǰ߸ɣҶϺ
˴ϳһ죬͵ˡ
ңȥԷңܾ͵ǲ뿪ˡ
ֻĥԺһ͵ԵĻ߸ɵʲô顣
ҵˮǷʵ̫󣬲ﲻ
߷ɵѱߡ
ǵʱ򣬰һʷɹˣɴ۾㲻ȥ˼죿ôôණѵҹ岻ɣ
߱Σŭ𣬡ҹ˿أŵ㣡
ҹ͵ģҴҹ廻ġ
˿˵ǲʿңصشҹҰѶͻǼҳԷ
ҶϰߣͷЦЦ
ҽаллԶһˣʲʣȵǼҵɫ̡
չﵹ̴͡
ɻ󣬡򣿡
ޣǽ򡯣ҪҪ
һκ֪ôͱһ˳۵̡
һڣŨϮζ٣ζ۾һúȣ
ˬʵЦúȶȵ㡣
ʢ̡
ϰķ
īȰڻ߳ʳ
īȥ͵Ϣʱŵ߲һθ
Ŀ˵ıӰ˼ҹʿȰŻ˼Ҷ಻á
ôˣô׳Ż죬ǿһ´ĶոոҶÿڡ
ô˵㽫δĶչʾֿ
¸ޣȥȲݣӣɣ񵰣Щˡ
һ£¶ʧı飬Ǽ˾صشȥҵĹӣҲûʲôرģȥֱԭп
¸ҲǣζͺȣҪǲȱʳȥץ
ߺһ֮ǰ̣㲻Ҳ˵Ѻȣ
治һһŵȣ⵾ӣƤƤԵĻɴɤˡ
Ҫ˳ԡ
˲п𣿡
ܰѿɸԺ󳢵֪ˡ
һ㶼
Ҳû취ҾʹҪӡ
ĵӿҰˮԵʣߣһҲͶʮʮӣ¹һЩǵ͵ÿ¡
ҪиջһЩ
Ҳϲԣ˵ӾӰɡ
ɹһɹɹ˰ˣ磬ո˵ֱԭʲô
ǴһСڴǺյĵڶ죬˲䶼ȥֱԭϼܸ졣ʵҲʲô󲿷ʱǿȥġ
üͷ䣬ûе龰
ıǰ岻ãûȥҲֻȥһΡ
ǸˣһȥһΰɣȥҲŹ졣ߣ벻ȥ
롣
Ǿô˵ˡˣߣķǸ㻻˺ö֬ѱ߶Ѳ£ŵҪɽͷȥˡ
ģ
Ȼ˵һãǸʮѶˡ
лл磬ȥ
ߺüûһһӲ԰ȦٵһԼıء
ڶһ磬ҹ˸Լҳ緹
͸뿪ֱӱűȥҪӵɽͷ
ɽһطŴʯͷһطŴ֬
֬Ҳͱʯͷһ㡣
ѽ϶ѵСɽ
Σӿ϶ˡ
˫۷ϸ֬󣬷ȥҤǱߣõƬ
Ƭô죬Ѿˡ
ֳƬ￴
Ƭƽ࣬΢Ƭ߻ûƶ
ѾվİߣһжϳƬ
߷ɻزһȥͳĴ˵ǸҵƬˣպá
쿪ʼգȻ㰢Ͳ˵һ㡣
ҵȻȥŪľͷΧդҹҵĸ¸
¸СǷߡ
û£ҰǵĳëͲˡǸȥһ
ʲô
Ǹȥѧһôѣ
߶һ仰ųϷɣëתŻء


27 
߸żչ, ûôӣûü˰æԼһ˱űܹȥˡ
֮ǰպʱ, Ҵ˴
Щ𻹶ں԰
߷ɹȥ԰, һһ˰Ѳ𱳹Ҥ, ʪѿ˵ĵطά޺, ٰƬһһȥ
ȷûֱ֮ӵҤ
Ҥʱ̳, Ȱ߽Ѿͷ, Ƥ϶һ㳾
ҳͺˮһضƤ, е
üһºˮȥ֮ĵطϴϴ֡
ͷϴʱ򣬱ǶͻȻŵһɵζ
ӻûӦ֮ǰѾԱһ, һԵĹ, ۿҪֳȥ
ȴֳȥ֮ǰ֮յضסˡ
Ӳ˲, ü, մ߹ң, ·ôû
ͦ, ֺ˲١
ͬʱ
߷еĹ, ȥô, ˡôˣ
˵Ҫ, ŪʲôرĶܿ𣿡
㿴, ЩƬ˰, ûʲôܡ
ϴɾţ˳ְ˸ľӹʾң
ҪյƬȽ϶ֳ࣬գһѾҤ϶ŵǵڶⶫһûʲôͷ
ңԱƷƬе˵࣬ƬôأΪʲôѡƬâݡâݶ׵á
âݼ궼Ҫά޼ӹ̣ƬĻ⣬ҪάһΣֻ滻ƵƬУһˡ
âݻ׷ùҽʯͷӣâùζš
Ƭ뻡ΣĲ©ˮ
ᣬʱݶŪбƬһƬһƬ൱һˮܵ껹ѩ©ˮ
Ҥ˲𣬳пգɴֳʾ
ﵽľĺƬ˳һͰݶĴ״ˡ
ңĶĿӹƬȥؿ
˲ǻۡô˵㻹ݶϴһӣ
ǰҴľͷӣîṹ֬ӵι̶⡣
֪ľģչʾʲôîṹ
ϱӶƵˣʲôһ㡣
ңˣĶࡣ
ϱӡĵطһϢǳḻĵطиָ˽̱˸ָ֪ʶ
ңҲ̫󡣡
Щ꣬ҪǼҲ̫󡣡
ڷгĬһᡣ
ң˵һһرõĵط
ͬ
֮մδƽ͹
ͦǰڵ˵ң˵˲ٶ
ܶ໰ʺõǰ˵ˣûһҲô롣
˵˵ţȻ뵽һ¡˵֪бȽϸɫɳ𣿡
ҪɳӸʲô
һֽĶ
ΪһѧôĻѧԻѧһӡ
ҪʯӢƣյʱü̼ƺ̼ơ
̼ҪԴʯʯӱɽֳɫʯͷǡ
ֽ̼мңûŪ̶ȸߵļңûˮеļպһҲСϴõľǻˮ˳ļ
ճĲȿ϶ߵȥʶԭƫƻƫ̣ƬɹþԹˡ
ϸңһ²Ӻô
ң¶µɫҪɳڳˮҵһطرࡣ
ǡ
Ҵȥң
ɽ죬ߣҾͺһȥ
ңͷ˿ҤղҲҪŽȥҤգ
ǿԡղҪ¶ȸߣŪģߺľ̿ˣҽһģߡ
Ҥ˹æߵʱϴ˴ͶԱߡ
Ҫģߣȥڣֱ
ңûʲô£ȥˡ
һģһҤ
ī滻
ڶ
ڶ磬оƬյò࣬һ¯չʪסҤ¯ƬգȻ¡
õģҤ棬Ҥɢ¶Ⱥɡ
ʱ
߶룬Ҫңŵ£ǸҪͼ˾˳ȥռϡ
ôֺͼ˾˳ȥͶ̽ѰĿ⣬ͼ˾˵Ĺϵܺð
˾˶Ը죬֪ҪĲġ
ûǳȥעⰲȫҪȥ죬ϻ𣿡
Ӧòأء߷ŵе룬Ǹ򡪡
֪ޡ¸ޡ԰ǣȥɡ
ãͼ˾
ߺңˣ˳ҲҪر׼ʲôﱳϸˮ׼ƷξͿԳˡ
ǳʱʱ磬û
ңķУŷžˣ򼸸ǷƤӽЩ
һûһµţһСķɳңķֱҡ
һǼʮ׵ʧظŵ亹ˣ˲١
ҺǷɵùߣһûʲôӰ졣
ңɵ࣬׼ްʾϡ
ĳʵʵңߣųҲ͵ˡ
䵽ϡ
ȵǸе˷ܣû˯ãɵʱСһ£Բ´βˡ
Ȼ˯һϢٳ
˼򵥳˵㿾ϰߴ̣ζҲ
߳Ա˸ôһ۾ܿ˯ˡ
ңãصİȫ⣬Ҳطڡ
һ˯Сʱ
̧ͷͷ̫̫ѾϿ߳һء
˯ˡ߶ңߣԭǳɡ
ȵˮ
óľͲ˼ˮˡ
ң¶Ц⡣
ֱӳʱִĿĵء
һĵͦ󣬰תͷۣףҲףֲ
ΧһƬɳ̲ɳӽ״֥黹Сǳ
̲סѵƤЬɳ̲ϲȳһŽӡ
ɳҪ𣿡
תңĴָƾϲ
ڵס
û⣡
һᣬҽ￴⵺ʲô
Һһȥÿǽʲô
˵ʳ׷ǳ㣬Ҷʵ棬ֻҪûͿԳԡ
Щ˻ʳŽһչڰ
߱Ƚϲһʳģʳжǟhǿ
Ĳ˵벻ԼĶӡ
˼߽ѾĩתҰ˺Ģ٣ʵ͸ࡣ
һͿ˺üֲֳµĸԳԣһֽϺģζɫ棬һζ
Ա˳־˸ֵĹӣϵһ£ϺϺѬɣ
С
ϺñȽԭΪһû뵽һӲȥܲһˣ¾ܰһϺڳ
ڱĵطϺûֳɾ͸С
۾ĦȭƵһһ
ңѣˣѾд𡣡
ﻹмִַģǼߡ
ոҲô˵
ǾͶڼСҶûڣƻ̬ƽġڵȥǸǳǼҺþûϺˡ
ϺĹʵ̫ˣСûù»˼ʮϺͷţͷ󣬰߸û취Ź
ţߺȻϺϵֲе졣
ոڵϺʱ򿴵üˣҲûô⡣
ڲһܾú
ҶֿеҶȴֱҶö࣬Ҷ⻹ܷۣԵһ㶼ˡ
еֲ
ҶƬôоҶӺ죿
ҩҶӣʱ䵽˿ԲɵĸôúȣӦòϲ
ţݸϤ˰
һ䣬ɴཫľֲһһˡ
ֲĸǳһˣͽĸһ˳
¶һ˲䣬һζƮ

±ƽƽһ飬ɵˡ
ϲҶӣϲ
ϱļ̨ϻ߲ﲻ
˼ң˴Сһ·鹤ʳҲٲ⣡
߶սһ£һɷǳĽζζıǻ
ɾ档
ζֱϯζ١
ζϤ
߼˲˹¡
ⶫԲ

˵ζŨһЩ
ôû뵽Ȼҵһʱֱ֪˵ʲôá
ĸпһ£תͷңң
ţҩǲʲô⣿
û⣬Ǵķʽ⡣
ʲô
һζǳĵζƷȥȷ档
߿ңпһ䣬ȻǱ˵ˡ
ңüͷ΢壬Ǽ˾
ԶԶԣǡ˾ˣ´ҪȥʲôûȥĵطĻ˵һҲȥ
ЩطرԶ
Զôˣ㶼֪Ǿ˶ٺö
ϲڵȥ
ҷǳϲҶһ㣬ȥ֡
ˡ
ڵڣڡ
ңӦˡ
һڵڡ
Ǵıޣװô
ڵ߸ɴཫһᣬˣֱӽЩڱϡ
ңڡ
ڶ죬ص𴲣ڵ˰ϣѾ˵˳֡
ڵϺڵװɳӣνض顣
ȥʱ򣬰߶ʮųűϵϺ㶼ۡ
ҪÿγŶܲɵôöܰԼɴʿ
ңͰ߻ؼңҪɳ˵ҤǱߡ
ڵϣűΣңлл㰡ȻҸ͵ʳ
ڲô˵۾ߣִʲôرʳ
ϺҪҪ
ʲôGⲻҩСʱ˺ȹ˵úܶˣⶫܳ𣿡
óԣ
߷µӣֱĨ˰ѶͷϵĺҨˮϴ֡
Ϲ
磬̺𣿡
ķݸռչôˣ
Ҹײ̳
ײ̱˫Ƥ̻򵥡
Ƥĩò֭ʢ
̷ŵչ󿪣۽ȣȻȵʢн֭С
Ա߰ߴ֡
¾Ͱѽ̶֭Ūˣ̵֭˲ɵɫȻڼһ̡
Щ˫Ƥֱ̣˫Ƥ̶һζ
߹һϣԼҲһ룬
ӣŽɵؿ̸Щ²ȥ֡
ߺԥһŽ
ײڼ΢΢ζһʳḻˡ
ȻҼеζ
ʲô
⽪ײͦóԵģҸ˾˴һ룬ǸͰ
ǸССĳһСڣüͷζ֡
ҪʵڲϲͷţȻһԡ
ֳһСڣ˵
ЦЦƷ£ã˰
߾һ뽪ײ̡
ײøӸǺãԱϿݲݹ̶εӵֱֱңסɽϷȥ
ңסƫԲʮ̡
Ҳ˵лֱӵӷɵңѱߣӷŵϣӺˣ
ң̽ͷôô죿
Ȳ
ң΢΢ü
ЦЦǻ˵ϣܿҵļֵ´γŻҡײ̣ҩ÷
㲻ͣ´ŵʱ򣬻ǿҴ㡣
һ̣ˣ´Ҳź˼鷳㡣


28 
峿
߶һ뽪ײȥ
Űվľͷ
ֵʯľͷ, ſʯۡʯ½ʯҽľͷľ
߹ȥ, ûߵǰ, Ѿתͷк, ԶŲ, 첻ȥɼ
ôҲ첻ɼ⼸յ㲣, ûȤҪǸȤĻ, Թ
ʲô--
һеƬ͸Ķ뽨ӵʱǽȥ, ɵ⡣
ʯֶסˣſֺϣôûף
Ҫһ¶Ҫп, ҲȤ, Թ, Ժõšȸ
߽ײ̵ݸ, Һͼ˾˳ȥɼ, ҵ˵, Ҿ˵㽪ײ̡Ҳ֪ϲϲζ, 
ӹײ, ⶯, ⲻҩ𣿲öС⻹̣
㳢֪ˣ˰
Ǹ, , 
ղˣ׼׼пտԹۡ
ҪҪæ
ã˾˻ҡ
ǰңԼýҤǰ
ʱңѾˣվҤǰƺڹ۲ģߡ
߻û߽ңתͷЩģѾȫˡղ
ô죿ֵ̿Ƚϵͣղ㹻ߵ¶ȣûڻɳӡ
ֵʲô̿أ
ֵǺȼϵһ׼Ļ̿ľûʱɫĹ壿ҪƵһ
ң΢üͷ
¨ͶҸ鲼һ֪ϲʲôɫĲԭɫ⼸Ҫ鷳ˡ
лл
㶼ðɣ
ᡣ
߳չһЦǾͺá
겼ͷͳ˵СչղҪõĶ׼ľ̿Ϳˡ
Сչޣһװɷ۵ʯʯ
һװǲľҽ
ˮľңˣ´ˮٷŵƹɣͬһæ°ҹܵ׽
ȡʱСһСˡ
չʾһº󣬰ְСӷŻرҪˮֻչʾң
Ҫʲô
ȰҰҤ߰ٻȥա
ڳȥȡɳǰһҤȻȴ
ڵ֤Ƭյôʱˡ
ңʯõҤʪࡣ
ŵϤ̻Ҥһֻ̽̽ȣȴòˡ
˵ҤȡһƬ˵Ҥϸ쿴
Ϊر򵥣εƬյرɹһʮƬֱףһƬ𣬱˵飬ѷ춼š
ˡ۾һƬڵϣҤ꣬ȥȥ
ҤΧ¶ûôȣƬƳɹˣƬڻ¡
ܿ죬߱һƬң˵εյ̫ɹˣԶϡ
ϲ
ͬϲͬϲҪһҤҲôɹƬһϲЦտؽƬȥؿҪĻõȥð
ңƬҪʲô
ӡ
һϰԼѡ
ǿɲһֻûпӵԽԣұ֤ʵ󲿷˶Ѷѡӡ
߷ѾպõƬֽûյƬȥ
ң̫ߣҤﲻ㣬ȥ԰
Ҥ
ᣬȵʱ߲ŪҤʼ
ŴյϾͲˡ
Ȼʼղ
ǲУһҤľ̿ʱľ̿㡣
ңüͷøˡ
߷Ц˳ӱر鷳ܻŪõġ
ˣܾͲЩ鷳ˡ
Ǹ˲
߶˶٣رƽ˵õүЭġ
û˵˵еֿڵġү
ңؿһۣû
ԼҲû
翪ʼľ̿ľ
ѡͷʵؼӲľ񣬴ֵӲľȱ¸̼ճ̿ܲ
ʵľȼһˣʲôľ̿
ߡ
Ҥȴ
߰ߡ
̿
̿ȴ
һ졣
ֻÿæһʱ򣬲пձűȥɼ
ңҲֻʱȥԡ
߲ɼģֻһ˳Եǵʳңÿ춼̶̵һʱץסд
ʱְͣһ⡣
Ͷұ˷ٸһݡ
ദû졣
һ磬ߺͼ˼򵥳緹󣬴ʱܵļʯʯۺͲľҽɵҤǱߡ
ңѾǱߵˡ
߻ӻ֣硣쿪ʼղ
ңͷֽӹı𣬡Ҫʲô
һɳӡʯʯۺͲľҽȣŵģϡ
߽ñУȡɳôϸӦܰúܾȡ
ôȣ
Ҳ֪жȫɣͶ㣬پٵˡ
ңûԡ
˽ɳӡʯҷۺͲľҽ裬ٸϸӻȡ
߽ǰõģ߱
½½ʮģߣʮΪָԭ򻵵ˣֻʣʮ߸
ֻʮ߿鲣
ҤĹҤֵֻ߼ʹã֮󣬵øһҡ
ڲʣˣҪûƳɹߵԼСҤա
ʱ¶ȲҤô߲˵ЧҲͺܶ࣬򲻵ѣ߾ߵһ
ٴμģߡ
ɵģΣ߳ʮףƬ϶ɣһϻӡ
ʵϣҲȷʵһҵпա
ߺңһ𣬽ɳʵʵ̵ģУѹƽѹʵٷҤС
ҲǼ֮µЭ
ҪͲշˡ
ɳӲڳˮ״ֻ̬
Ҫǰͷнгֹߣܴ
ֻܲȡı취ϣսᣬϻճƽĲ
Ҥ̫ˣ̫ÿƣҪСһ㣬˵һŪ
ңûף
е㡣ѵ촽ôûףҲҪʼˣɡ

ң
ߴӱóӣŻǵ̼ҵϣ£ţĴ
Ǻܿȼޡ
ð磬߼Ҷټϸ֦
һ̹󣬻žž
֦ҶԵȼʥ֣ȥȼҤľġ
ľĺܿȼܴȥ
Ǽ̿ɽһȼյû졣
ˡ߳һˣҤ̿ղյóɶˡ
Ҥ̿Ҳһ졣
Ǿһ죬Ҥȴٿ
һƨ|ľϣҲ˲ʲô󣬳һ죬ʱˣ۳ɲɹҶҪϢһʱ䡣
֪ϢǺ¡
ٺ٣ҪǳɹˣҾϢ죬Ҫˣˮ٣Ұѷӽ
ҤǰһûһϹģҪǰ˵ңĬš
Ӳľճܾ̿գһ磬ҲûӼ̿
ľ̿ϰ档
ľֳ̿أûǳͨ͸á
ңȥȡʳʲô
һֱˣʲôС
㿴˵ѡ
ҪֻеٴκʹнˣҲ͹˳
ңûȰ˵꣬ԭرΣ߷ɡ
ߵɴ۾ûӰˣգգɬ۾ȥ˵˵ң㰡
ңûȫȴߵֻɱɾ
ҪĵҲڡ
߼һ£һΪԲˡ
ʲô
ҤԹ𣿡ϴɾ֣ʯнˣ֪϶ûԹʶʶ
Ҫʲô
ժƬ޶ĴҶҪ񡣡
ȥˡ
ߺŸ裬ôнϣٴϴȥࡣ
Ͼдֳɵ¼ˮͺá
ңʱһҶ˳ϸϸ
߳Ĵָ
̫ϸˡ
߽ƺõһôҶãסһʪࡣ
úֱľһС
Ҥ̿ʡˡ
ûʲô߷ǳĵľҤ棬ĳ̶жĻ
ҤպˣľͿԳˡ
ôţҪʲôʱȥ
˻
˳ľһãӦ飬¶ɫҶӡ
Ҷ滹ðһɴŲľζζڶϣӣоˡ
ľѵؽǿҶӣƣȽϱĵطǴһ˵Ľɫ
ʿˮȳζ
첽ȥӱϴɾ֣ŴӳԲ̵ĵطԡ
һȵݸңҲңʲôӦֱȥһ
ǳۻȵ̿Ͽۻˣһ˺˺
ζʮ㣬̵ã֭ˮ棬ζǳء
Ҹ
߽õǰһۣͼϳƷ֣´ٸ
κѾˣС⣬ɱϡ
߿룬סζϽһڳ
˵Ҫһԣʵңˣ˭ҲûԵ⡣
̫ˣһڽһڣȲͽ˶
⣬˱ͷȫζˣͷҲܺÿС
⣬߻С˯һ
ľ̿ˣʰҤȷûΣպԼȵڶһҤƵĳɹ
ߴŹǷؼңûôԣͰȥƫԶʯ̲ϴֱӹ˯ȥˡ
ݺݵ˯һڶ̫вѡ
ʹ緹īڻ졣
ְһҷſѱʣǸǽûȥɼ𣿡
ɼˣſյĲ
һճɹ
ǻôô飬ôܲɹ
Ьӣһأ
һ㲻У˾ҲС
תŴע⣬˸ƣ˭ˣ
һԡ¸¡Цú¶ˡ
ȥ˳˸ȥϴ
ٻʱǼһ߾ۼʮѾ緹ˡ
һʣҶ沣ʲôͽˡ
߲ⱻ˲ιֻۣڼʮ˫۾ע£ʲȥֻòݲݰ˼ڣ˹ȥҤǱߡ
˵ңٿҤ
û뵽ȺΪ˿֣Ѿң˹
˸Ⱥңңͷ⣬˴ĿжЩΡ
߽ӹľõ⣬Ҥһ̽е̡
δ䣬ʮֻһˢˢҤ
Ծԣܽȥ
һ뿴ߡ
ֻõͷȷʵܽȥ̽Ŷѡ
ʣߣֱӰĲ𣿡
ϻӰϻе󣬴ɢһ㣬Լȥǲ֪
߲Ҽˡ
ȥ棬ϻӳŵϡ
ϻյò̫ƽ氼͹ƽ嵹ûΡ
˫ַŵĸϡ
ڳ˵Ŀⶼ䵽ߵ˫ϣΨңߵ۾
˳˶ӡ
ңһͷʾԴˣڸ
Ʊʱˡ
һҿӡ
ϻʢһ鵭ɫĲûû顣
ϻǶڴϵһ̶ˮ
ס˺
ܳ
յñлҪɹ
߳һٴ̧ͷң
Ĭӡ
жЦ⡣


29 
СĴϻҳ
鲣ƽ, ȴһףӲ濴ȥһСָô
ϻ, ɫӳ£Եø
ʵϽҳ, һֵɫ, мʸС
Ϊûн˻, 鲣дССݡ
ǲȵر鲼ÿһ, ʹ鲣͸һӰӰ´µķ顣
ۡ
ôôÿ
游ʱ񵽵ǿ鱦ʯ
Χ̾, ̶ؽͷӶ
߳ȺЦЦȥڶϻ
ڶϻҲճ, ɫҪһ, һЩ
īſϻӡ
Ƶʮ߿鲣, Ĵ鲣ֻʮſ, ʣʮ˿ҪôûȫۣҪô˸
߽ǵһ
ϵҲգضŰߵĶ, Ŀȫ޷ӰŵĲƿ
߿˵ı, װ鲣ıһ, Щ鲣Ҳûʲôãҷһ֣ȥɡ
ģ
ЦЦġ
, Ҳ̫˰ɣҪһѣҪ
ҲҪ, Ҫװҵͷ
Ұҵϣ
û, Ѿô
߽, ԼŸɻ
СĽʮſõĲŻϻӣȻϻҲҪߣɨһҤ
ٹ죬Ҥһ˼ãôɨо˼һˬˬҤ
˷˲æ
ߣĲƬպˣܽ˰ɣ
ţ̧ͷ˺ӣҡͷ컹УҵȥľͷӺͷ
ʲôľͷǳľͷ
ԣҴ㽨䷿ӣҪʮľͷŹá
ҼУʱʣľͷûã⼸ÿ궼ˢͣÿɺˡҪĻȻҸ㱳ȥ
ҼҲУҼֻһ
ҽѣ͹ˣʣҲ㣬Ѿˢˣ㾡á
û뵽һ⡣
˲ҪͷֱӸƷ
ƷҪ
ֻ֪ľͷɣͷù
ȴˣֳɽøľͷˢͷ
Ҫһʱ䡣
ȱľʱ䡣
ůڵģ죬ллңȻҼһ£Ժǡ
ʲôľͷҲǷţڸⷿô㽨𣿡
Ҳ뿴ⲣҪôŵȥ
Ƭߣ֪ƬҪôãҲ̫ˣéݣ͹ˡ
ҵķӾǱɽͷҪǼ˾˲ĻҾ
ƤߵңǱߡ
۰Ͱ͵תͷ
ңվȺУͷʾ⡣
һ󻶺
ЦҲϢˣ쿪ʼɡ
ߣģҴԻͰ㡣
ҲɼҲҰְžС
һ˿ڣҷ׷ӦԼõڶ˾͹æ
¸߰ǳһĵþˣŸظҡ
һ˺ȰװвϻӱһֻȥҤǰңҲڡ
ϻ㣡õġ
أֲӡ
档˶УһûС
㹻ã
Ҳʹ㽨䷿ӣһ䷿鲣ʮ顣㣬һʣʮ飬һˤһ鶼ˡ
ȷǣҪá
治ҪҲУȰţҪʱͽҡ
߾ڶ쿪ʼӣǶ֧뷨ʾֵһЩϲ԰ӺĻƣҲȥǱ߰æ
֮ǰһϺңһûҪȫǡ
ټϼԳƵȶ̺㣬ԼǸ԰ӣڲȱʳ
ʮ²ȥɼҲû̫Ӱ졣
ʣȷû󣬰߱㿪ʼֽ
ķӽɽϡ
غƽҲ֣ͦԿ˵Ǽ£Ҫһˡ
ʵôúô׷
һǿأһҪ¾ڵػ
һڵʯͷͷӴһʵĵػ
һûнݾߡ
ֻܶŴ̫һδΰڳñװã˵ʮ׿⣬ȷӽˣЩȥ԰
ңûѾѲأ
ӿзɹʱ򣬿ϰһһ㱳
ɻַЩӵվڲԶİߡ
ң
Ӧý
ʲôӦòӦããɻҲһô
߻ͷһЦ¶һڸ׵ݣõġ࣬Ҿ͸ˣžǱȽɵĻ
ңվԭض˶٣㡣
𣡡ҿۣû˾Ͻ֣һȰ裬Ϊ˾ҤҶ˻˵ʲôﻹ
ʱû˻ᾭߡ
ҲУһҪˣø׽һ㲻ǸմԻ𣿸ϽȥЪЪԼС
Ұ
ңûľֽܾӹɽ˵ĵط
ڱ׷ܣѾֻȥ
ۻ˰죬ûңһ
ߴ˸ɾˮƤǰҴæˡҷӽһ
ʲô
˵˾ûϲˡգգ۾Դڿʼڴ
ңȤתͷ
ңæߵЧͻͽ
簶λ׹ʱѾػȫںˣҲˣԭƽĴӡ
˼صɴ۾ָȻôô죿ʱôһ㣡
ұôͰ
ޣϸ첲ϸȣء˵ǲϲæˣ
򶨵ĿôͨҪ˹ˣס㣿
Žɡ
ߺλףǸôãȰҰѳɣҿӶںˡ
յľ㹻࣬ص˶ʮϸȵĴԲľ
īڵػתһȦȲѵػˣλã֬ˣٰѳȥȻֻǼˣ÷
ҲСٽ̽ػϴҿʯǽоû̫ѧᡣ
īֵý̶ӣȥƴʯͷļɡ
ʹչڱ֬ȻػʱҪá
Ǹոһᡣ
һȺ˷ɹ䵽ϱһ׳Сӣˣ
ǺǺͰͬˣôҲǣ
ʮһ½ɽͷˡ
Ұʯͷİʯͷ֬֬еռ
һ
īҲˣھ˵˲˼ҪɻҲǡ
峤󵽣ȴָӾ顣
֮ǰҪʹ˵ҪʲôЧ͵ػͳô
µ֮󣬺ܿˣӹָȨˣµػ̺ãҲȥʯͷѹʵʼæǽ
һȺ˶н顣
ʯͷ¸һۿɼٶƴһ¶ǽ
ͬʱ޽ǽڣǽڶʱȴͬһ֮֡
ûôһˡ
˴δɴԱߵ˺üǽ
һͰ˹
˵ͼΪɫҹɫӰǷӡ
ҹ¶ʱ𺳵ط֣Ҫ䷿涼ǽͲݶûȥ
һƬƽصʯͷӰεضʵܹҲ˰һϵʱ䡣


30 
ֱǸ񼣣߶ң˵
ң۶û̧
ûң䵭, һǽȥ
һȴ֬Ѿọ̈̄Ӳ, ָ׶ӡӡ
ЩҰɫ֬İɫʯͷճһ𣬽ʵ÷·Ǳһ塣
䷿, ļ, ֱԡҺͳ
ԡҵĴñȽϸ߱ȽС, ÿ䷿ǰľͷ˴, ſڴſŴҪٰװȥ
Ŵô𣿡
, îṹ￪, ʱŰһ״, ſĶ, Ҳǡڼ򵥵ؿˡҲͬĵ
ôӵĶ, ǲľ³
䡣
ľҲӥ塢塢塢ҵ塢ҹ, Ҳ
ҾԼ˻
ǵŵĲ, Ȼͷ, һҾΪ˸˵
׼
û£ô콨ãѾԶ֮ˣŴ㰲㰲, һ׼ˣ⼸Ҫյľ̿, ƽضա
Ҫʲô
ǵʯرۣŲ˳, ûշîṹ
ܶʯ͹, ̫á
ǿ׳ʯýʯͷ
߲ԼС
ľĳ⣬෽绯ѧʸʴ̿ա
ξʹ̿ա
շһ顣
ǳȤʲôʱŪҰ㡣
ھͺ֮̿ȥɼ
ʵϣɼء
ĳֽǶȶԣɼȸҪɵöࡣ
ɼȱʳԴȶζǷѡ
ŵǿ١ɡ
ֵȥתư磬Ҷʵ޶ʲôӡ
̿ȥɼһʳ̿ûպá
ؽΧľϵյϣ¯ʣľ̿ľ滭ʾͼ
Щʾͼ츴ӵîṹ
䷿ӣľĲ١
߶ڵæµæµţ̫ɽˡ
վչʹ壬ϱ𣬴ŹǷز䡣
ʱǴͲɼ˷ϻǰǻʱĿбӣ˶ߡ
ȴͣÿһ·к
ӣǰ١
ϲ˵
صѱߵʱ򣬼ǶѾˡ
ӻôôʲô
ζôĴӻ⡣һƨ|ߣæͻˡ
۵úܣûô˵극ȥСϴͻ˯ˡ
ڶһ˸ιŪһгԹ緹ȥ·æ
ң·
˶һۣңʣҤ
òôСģּ׵ĶշֻһΣҤֱҵС
ңԱ㲻ţ½ҤڲͰһľ̿
ƽضԶҤշ㡣
ľֹ̿ȻЩ̿չͷЩû̼
ľ̿ӽ̿̿ײ졣
ңһ
ľ̿󣬰ߵһľ̿̿պ죬ľţһŵǺŵľϡ
Ҫľ̿ĸ£һ㽫Ҫĵطյ
Ҫϸܹ۲죬չͷҪԤʧ
һ˵ĻȽϵģң߿ţܳ¡
ľĵİ취Ƚʡȴôʡʱ
飬С£ȫǶľϡ
ѯʹǷҪæҲѯʹίܾˡ
ּȽϸߵעû취ñ˰æ
װﵹæ
ľľô߽࣬˭ģΨһ·ңܰ֡
ոһյæš
أˣСĽеƬ֮䣬֬ճãٰѴǽȥ
ſˣңֱӽŰſİٰſ򰴽ǽ֬ϸϸá
ݶҲˡ
ңţһһܵݶȥ
߶ݶŸɻ
ңԺîṹîṹĵطһ֬
ݶˣٷƬȥ
ϸϸƬײ֬ߺãٽŵƬȥ
ϸģٶȲ죬ȴɵ÷ǳϸ
ôһ㽫нŲڵĵطһԣƣַӴĥԽԽ
һ磬ݶϣϦ·źһƬߡ
ϦӰϵóģӳڷϡ
³ݷҧŵݣվݼϣԶȺɽµĺһʱЩλá
ң֡
ŻعΣĳ򣬡طȥ
ңվǰ⼸ò׽ķӡ
һʯݣֱ߿ǰһĵطԡңԡǰǳ
ֱߺԡңңӦһ䵥ʯݣеſͷĹͬá
ʯݰǽľ̴Ʒ
ߴֲڵ˫ֽţ૵û뵽ˡ
ǸһѾĥ죬㻹û׼
죬ôĥ䣿
߷꣬ЩʵУվڷǰɵЦһᣬȻң˵ⷿӰӦһ롣
ţ
ģʯͷʱʱ䣬ƬʱȫͬƲɳȡģĵػڵģǽޣŴ㰲ȥεԺѡλá
ңʣҪһң
˵´ҪҲȫ㡣ҪĻ
ңģûлش
ߴһ磬ֺң
ô
˰ɣ
ѵĶ壬Ҿǡ
ǾǣңҺø˰


31 
峿, ϡ
Զɽ졣
ڻǰϵ, ССŹȵϵ⣬Ǹ, ⼸˰ɣ
ָͷһ, شǰ͹ˡ
Цӹڶֲˡ
, ܷ, Ҳûеһʱشң
֪ˣ
üĿЩǣߣ·ӻҪæãҪȥɣ
æ߻˵һ룬ȻתڵæǼٵģǸ, ȻǺһȥҲһȥ
죿, 
̫, Щ˵һϾȥ
ôаɣȥ˵һ
˵죬˵Ҫȥæ, ˵Ҫ, ֪˰ɣ
, ˣͷۡˣȻȥʱ򣬰ѼƤӱȥ
ҪҪ⼸첼ܵ飬á
ҲҪǰĲˡ
ٺ˿ߴٵǿԣȥ
һ˳극ƤӺͲϱ߷ɡ
ңסĵطϷ塣
ķٶȣ߹ƴӰ岿ɵϷҪʮҡ
ߵķӽϷ棬ңסطͬ
ī´ŵ˾صɽ˰Ȧ
ɽ·ת
ɽСһײ
Уǽ̴СƯüֱʵ
ⷿӱ仯̫ˣ
ౣ͵ػͷߡ
̫ʧȥƽ⣬ֻԴʮףҵġ¡һ˸ٷ
ŵ亹ˣλ͵ǰ壬Ҫס
īһĳ򸩳£֮յڱϡ
վڸױϣƿ裬תͷߣౣ
ߴҲһʾ˸ϡ
ųԽλףɵǰ·
߳ɽͷ壬׵ʱˢһ±Ρ
ӴӲӴ˳һվԭתͷ֣üһһŸϲû뵽ȸҸš
ͷһ£ԼܵȵȣҪ˵ķӣôӣҲ̫ÿ˰ɣ
ԡսãԭһ²ŸǡôǿҪģҪĻһסɣ
ʲô˼·Ӷ˲ȳӿ񱼹ȥⲻķҪһס໣Ҫ
һ˹סʲô˼
㲻Ҫһס
ҲˡſڴǰˣŽȥƣмǼ䷿ġ
ԥؿ첽ܵǰľš
š֨ѽһʮƽ׵ķڣǸǿǽĵطһŴ
Ѿ̺ˣµŲԭɫĲ
໣±𣬳嵽ǰһڴϹһȦ˷ܵ۾ˡ
Ĳݣȵˡ
ⴲѻ
īվſڣ濴
ǽԶĵɫܴ󣬸㹻Ĺߡ
ǽǴ
ʯ̳ɵĵذ塣
̧ͷϿ׸ߵϷľϸߣơ
ⷿǳ򵥣ȴԲ
˫ֻأֻüӺľ䣬ҲŪװƷ
Ѿǳÿˣ֪ΪʲôҪӣҪǻңҪ꣬ҲҪķӣÿҺϲ
תԴϸÿһ䣬ԵˣҲҪһķӣ
ЦǸٴȥǵķ䡣
ķм䣬ҪǶĻֱǰΪλ׼ķ䡣
䷿Ͱķһֻǲͨ͸һЩ
ϧá
źססѾС
üͷ΢΢һ壬ˣ
綼еġ
һסҪ˵Ļһ⽨䷿ӡ
īҡͷֻиװѣжӰ︸׽ӵĵ
һס磬ô
ͷҺϲӡǡһ˶ǲǲԾ
ﲻԾˣұֻ񣬸ﻹҪ˵Ŀ⣿
ıһ£úõӣƢ롣
룡ôˣȥ峤˵һͰң
Цü
ôѹưһˡߣǻزȥ
ˣǸҽӵʱǰ˺öæǰüҺһԶٷףһ¡
ԡЩˣ
Щ벿еһ𣡡
ˣɴ۾һ˼ϴϸ¸ƿǵСһһǧһʮˣ𣿣
Ǹ䡣
ǵ˼һǧ塣
ֻЩҵ˰֮˻ˣпȥĲ
λֳҲǰߵǣȥӥ
ߵＸÿ˶ǣһûѵʱ򣬴һտҡҪֻһֲʣҪȫ롣
ˣ⼸ץȥɼʹԣ֮ǰʣһٲ⡣
Աߵͷȷʵ⣬㲻ȥԣһҲ١Ѻ滹񵰺̵Ѭ⡢ĢҰ˸ɣ޵ܼ̣ټϻÿ컹һЩ㣬ǿˡ
ֺϣҲûôĹ
֣߰һꣿһǧһٶˣʮһɡ
ǣô˵ķ˭
ôԼʱҵǰæϴϴв˾ˣõˣǸ³Է
ôˣʲô³ԷУ
ܡˣ磬ǰһ˰ӽ쿪ʼ㣬һ·
˶üȥ롣
ΨңǰԷɵɽȥ롣
˾ô꣬û˭һһ˳Է
μʶһ£ģƭ㣬ʱǵԷ
ʳﹻ𣿡2
Ǹ̵һ£Ӧû⡣ⲻǻм죿⼸ڿһ㣬ȥɼһЩʳ
ң룬Һ㣬һͷë͡
ʲô߻Լû壬ʶҪȥͶ䡣
ңظһ顣
ǡˣҲ֪С⻹Ͱ
У˺صĽ紦ͦ࣬ǻǲԲݡ
ǲرף㻹Ǳȥˣעⰲȫ
סң˵꣬˶ֵ֪ǵļɣǾͲףǲҪȥ򡣡
ҸҲȥ
ôǻҪո
áҴһֽлʳ
Ǵβ鷳ϸϸظңʲôҪôԡ
Ҫֱһǧ˵ķҲãлĻôʲôԼӦòֻҪʳĹܹС
˵ȻãҪŪͻǲǻꡣ
ң΢΢üʲô
һֵϡеĵϿɶˣнЩĲᣬʲô˽ɳƤҶҵڲҵноûꡣ
ȥĵط࣬˵𣿾մϣ߳ʹ˵һֶ޶ԲΣģҲô󡣡
ûС
ƻʹ˵ֲأ
ûУҪҪ´ȥѲӵʱгˮε˺ǧ˴һ¡
ãǵðҪֵҲҴһ£
˵˵
ֵ߽ϵζģϸݡ
˵ʱңɫЩŹ֣Ҽ
۾һ
ζܳ壬Ҳܳ
ϲ׾Ͳˡ
ϴɽİɽ
ңײһ˫Ƕôˣȥ£
ңظϴĵط
ֲ֪ϴĵطġ
Ǹɣɹɽһرߵɽɽлѩǡ
Ѿ̾һ㲻ÿ춼ɵȥϴ裿ϴʱһ£


32 
ңӦȥϴɽ⡣
ֻӦɽµǱ, ȥϴ֮
һڴӦû⣬ǵطôԶ, Ҹȥϴ衣
ֻ⡣ңü˺˵ζһӦûһϴ衣
ʲôζ̧̧첲Լ, ʲôζҲûС
Ų
߼ңü, һҡҡͷʵش, ŲҲŲԼζ, Ҽ˵ζҲŲ֪ģ궼Ų
ȷʵйǳζΪֹҲŵζ
ңؿһۣ˺˵ζһǰ£Ҫմϱ˵ζ
֪ˡлл¡
߸ңɡ
һʶ, ǰļ䲻ôҲʶһЩ, ֮ص
߳һ
оԼǹ̥, 롣
صѱߵʱ򣬰ѾڻĲɼˡ
˾ô˵̧ͷ, ɫôԾ
˵Է
ŶҴ, ͱһ, ѹòͼ˾˳˰ɣ
˭ܺͼ˾˳
װˣô׽żһ¼ܣҲʲôֵ¡
˭׽ˣ⻰ɲð
һ¶һЦ
û磬ԼȥҨˮϴϴ֡
һᣬ߻Աߣʣ磬ϵζʲôģ
ое񻨣еľͷҷֲôȻ
ŵ
ܰ
ҺŲ
ɴ۾ŲĲǺ𣿵ȵȣŲԼϵζǲҲŲϵζ
ҡҡͷֵͷԥ£ѹ𼤶ʵҲȫŲ
Ҳţʲôζҡ

һ¾ͼˣô飬ô˵˵ߣ˵ȥҼ˾˿
á
ʲôã˵ôֲ˰£ԭ˵ζŲҸƨ£
ͷۡ
ۿҪȥοڣҶŲŵ˾ϵζ
ʲôζ
֪ô˵УңӲҪ˵Ļе̫ɹĳЩľͷϼζζûô
˵˳ſӣô˵˾Ψһŵζˣ
ͣͣͣҪôݣƵġҲ̫ˡ֮ûʲô⣬Ǹ˵ˣҪ˾˳ȥܻõҡ
Ҫȥ
ȥһֲֽ˵ˣҪȥˣ˳ι¸ޣϴ˰
˵Ͱһˡ
ץסûü
Ųϵζ
ɽ;У˸˴кʱ򣬻صһš
󲿷ʲôζûУżкζմȾζ
֮˺ζŲκζ
ֱֹ֪
궿ˡ
һ̥
˯ʱ򣬰߷ȥ˯š
ҹ
ֱҹʼˣעĵطתƣźȻ뵽ûҸ˹ӡ
Ȼò⼼ܣŲŵõҲҪ
֮ͨ󣬰߻Ȼʣ߸˯ȥˡ
ǼҰѶᵽСǱߣȴʱûаȥ
Ҫ벿˳극ʽͲ˵һǼҲŻᵽǱ߾ס
ϾǱ֮ǼҶٻ벿ˣ֣һЩ
ڶһ磬Թ緹󣬰ȥңɽͷ
㻹ĸ𣿡
ֵζϣҪǲɵñȽ϶࣬Сĺӱ߿һĵسһ㣬ﶬеóˡ
Ҳ㱳⡣
û£أһ˾ܱĿ𣬵ʱҰһ¾С
ļ٣ߴңϽš
ңɽɡ
ɽȽ٣ΪʳֲҲ࣬Ƚƶ񤣬û²߲ɼ
˷һ·һ˶ûС
ԽһɽۣߺܿͿһƬѩɽ
ѩɽͨɽҪߣһɽȫǹͺͺʯѩŲݺʯôԶ
ɽ²Եɫ
ɽҶ֣ɽҶ֣ҶֺɽҶһƬ
ʱֵ＾ҶҶѾ߷ƣԶԶȥɫʰ쵣쳣
û뵽ܿһľתͷңһۡ
ĵ˿ͦܡ
ֵطϴ裬Χһ
Ҫ֪طҲֲĻҲϴ衣
ңŰ䵽ɽ£κ˵Ҽǰ˵⣬֪ڻûУҲ֪ǴɽҰɡ
ҾľҶرĵطҶӰˡ
ΪǴˤ
ǰ߿ң΢ı飬о˵Ĵһ£ŲӣʱҲѲãֽŲ̫飬Ҳˡ
ңĿվ㵱ȵľϡ
Ϊʡһ㣬ҵȻҪĿɻزأ
ңתͷ߰ɡ
·˵ɽ·𣿡
ƽʱûʲô·ƽһ
죬ɽʺܷḻ
ɽĹҲûǲɼ
һС߱ϵıѾװС룬ҪǸĢľ
ջ԰²ڴ⣬ҿɽ϶ܼˡ
һ
ǵ̫УɽҲ̫ˡ߿괭ɽϣһϲƽصɼ۾⣬𣿡
ʱûСҿ˵Ķ
ʲôأ
ңһָ
ߴ̽ͷ˳ǰȥ
ǰһƬɫ
ϵһþ޴ϿѾ̼һ׻ľ
ôºγһƬյأԵر
ɫռһĵطø١
ôԳ𣿡
ĹӿԳԡ
۾һȥ
ȣ첽߹ȥ
׵ʱѾŵǱߴζ
һɨȥüĿˣ¶ƵĹҡ
ӦǱСĿģﻹźɫСϡ
ϧϧˡ
ժͲСĳӡ
ժһĹĹӡ
ҲȭͷôƤֺӲƤһ˪Ĺеܹϣζŷǳ㡣
ĹĲ֣ûгȥֱӵݵҧһڡ

֭ˮ㣬ζ𣬳йɷǳرζ
߲ɹôӣζôĲࡣ
Ӻóԣ㳢
ңԵʱѾժ˺üԼ԰ɣȰժ
Ҳժʲô֣
ϣӥңʱûзֹֹӡ
𣿡
һԻң鷳
Ҳ鷳Ҫӳ֡
һƬ󣬴Ҳʮƽĺȴ١
һһҹȥܿ챳װˣʼװڶ
һϵĸͷǳ󣬴ôСıӻСȻһ඼Ĺҧ
ߴпϧֻܽ𻵵òĺһ𱳻ȥȵ˲ٴ
ĸװ
ǰرһ󱳱һʣһңæš
ǳҸһ΢ߣҪǽҵ⣬Ǿ͸Ҹˡ
ǿ϶ҵֻ֪ܲҵ
˼ɽߡ
ûôˣһֱңϴİɽûпӰӡ
ˣϢһ£ֱǺ롣Ĩ˰Ѻȵúˣ̫ѱˣҸط£ȥҴɡ
СвҰޣҪǷ͵ڸͲˡ
ô죿αĿ챳ˣҪظɣ


33 
ǼѰҡ
, ǲԭϻߺӱߣܰңΣԽһҡ

봩֦ҵĳضֲ߾Ǽֱǳ˵Ρ
ǿң, Ҳûʲôرİ취
ûҵĴ⡣
ⶫʵ̫ˡ
ֻźʱ
ô, ۵òС
˸ʯͷĵط, һƨ|, , ҵЪһ
ң̧ͷɫûȥˡ
һһ¡
һ紵
ŵǵζ
ȵȣ⶯, תͷңǲȪ
š
ƽʱϴ裿
˵ʲô
ٺ٣ϴǿȪ֮, бȪһɽ, Ҹо϶ࡣ
ңݣ
룡ȪĻȥһݡģӦ㣬ҲǿȪϴ
ûС
һȪûгˮ𣿳ˮû̶𣿡
ң
Ӧð˳쿪ЦûгˮڣˮŨȻԽԽ, ݵĸòκɣ
гˮڡݵĻȾҵζ
ߵɴ۾, ƭҰɣζζжŨ治иˮܴζ
˶ų, 㰢ǰʿ, ϶ųң°΢̧, 𣿡
ݡֱûˡ
ˣһؼȥϴﻹûзϴҲϴɾ
һ䣬֪طӦǲǲǰ谡
ңֿһۡ
һһбŪΡ
˷ɻذ岿䡣
ңֻϣʣµĶߡ
һɽȥʱϦһСѾɽһߡ
߼ȴһˡ
ֶû
߷ºŷ·ȥ̲ϴ衣
ʱ򣬸ڻ˵
֣ϴôȥϴˣ
ɽһͷ磬µʲô
ʯͷǽȥʯͷ֣ɵʯͷһ˵ץʱʯͷŪóĹԷʱ򣬿԰һʯͷʡ
ʯͷǼһɫıƤܲð
һὫʯͷȥɹɣȶȱʳʱٳԡ
ȥ˸ʯͷףҪõʳﹻˣЩʯͷٳ԰ɡ
ҲţȰƤ
߿ʯظʯͷƤ˵ҽժ˺ܶϻǿûУ
ҸջǸ˵û뵽ĺôóԣҪһЩժģҲȥժһ㡣
ϱߵɽɽҲһСƬϣժҶժˣвٱҧҪץꡣ
Ҹողһ飬ܷŵĺ϶ſЩǿܷŵȷ죬͵ʱôһԡ
˵Ҫͣȫңһ𣬶ܸʳ
еΡ
ҶôæҲţڶһ磬ͱű𣬷ȥȥĺӱ߲ɼ
ӱвֲľԳԡ
Щ鸻ۣױߴڵ㵱ʳ
źһֱߣڼˣڵľѳһСɽ
ȥʱ򣬷ѱߵĿյ϶һֻ峤׵ľ޴㡣
ǰţܽʱҧһڡ
ߺëˣ
̧ͷǲõЦݣߣ˾һ㡣
ǲǻţԶһ㣬ҿˣ
ţ˾Ѿõˡ˵ֱ˫ȥͣ㿴
Ҳȥ
߽һôͰˣ
˾£ôô˾˸ոջ㡣
Ҳɼȥˡ
߶ʱŷһ
˳Ŀ⿴ȥһȣ˾Ұ˨ϾУܲԶ
üһˣŵСô죿
Ȼͻ˰ţ϶ܲˡ
߸ǻԼС࣬оЩۡ
ȥҼ˾ˡ
ôˣʲô˵¡
һһ˰ɡôһܵùȥлл
㡣ˣǼ˾͹ģұ˵ȥԼҲСһ㣬˵©˰
߱˸֪ƣ͵رɴ񣬳һȣ߿շȥ
صȥңû뵽ȴһա
ң
ǲײϴˡ
ֵ˹˾ӦңͶ
ŵ亹ˣԶԶ˺˸䣬ȥԼ·
䵽ϱΣվС棬оֱë
úõһѣȻø͵|һ
ײײ£˻˲ɣ
ѵңĶյе࣬еȥ
ߺڵϹվڷﷴ˼
ʱ򣬡ơһû˼·
ʶ̧ͷȴңվ档
¸ģĲҲһϳΡ
ݡ
Ļˡ
Դһ¡
˼롣
ôˣ
գȥһ´⡣ûҵܶࡣңŵĶݸղǹңôɣ
ʱҹĻ١
ߵҹһ㣬ģѴᵽǰʱ򣬲ŷŶ
߳ɵֽӹŵӵһţҶ۶ϴһŨҵζ
ȷǴ⡣
߾Ŵ⣬ҹĻĿңһᣬڣҲһˡ
ţ
Ҳ¡
ңû˵
Ƭ̺ңڣҲûҰµ˼
ѣ𣿡


34 Լ
ʱһ, 㵽˳Իӡ
һ˴Ͽʼæһ˽ʳİᵽ·Ǳߡ
ûԻĿѾ½½ˣÿ˶ߴ, ϻЦݡ
߸ÿ˱лͻӭ
ߵһٰ͵Ĳͻ, ̫д, ȴһ㶼ûоɬΡ
ÿ˶ͼһ, ѶС
˿
̺ˮֵʢпˮĴչ, չ˳ȥ˾ǹ, ˺ʽԡ
߷ֺúתͷ磬һæ˹ס
תͷŷ, дȥˡ
ÿһλĿȥι۷, Ѿ顣
ÿһ¸ǣִ˲ƣ
վԶ°䷿ҵģԣǾʽסҲúƯ
ǺܸӵΧߣˢˢط̾
ܺЩҲι۹ֹһΡÿһζ
磬ϲ¶΢Ц
٣ߣ
߸оһ£عͷȴǲ, Ϧˣ
϶Ц, غͰġ
һˣŪƯ
㰡, ŪʲôԵģ
æɡǲҪЩչŵ¯ȥ
, ȥͿԿʼˡ
˽, ߰Ѵչ˳ȥֿʼ
Ƕ֣һͰѻˡ
չ֭ཹཱུعζƮɽͷǣվڸ̽ͷ̽ԣ뿴ʲôô㡣
ǰæܿŪˡ
Էߺһк
ֹæ˲ˡ
ΰûǿ
һ⣬һ⣬ʳҪȻϲ˵ʱÿ߷һ̡񵰡ĢϺҲÿ߷һ̡ʣµʳȷĸټӡ
߸С˵İţ¶׵ݣ鷳ˡ
鷳ߣѲ˶˹ȥ֮Ҫʲô𣿡
áˣ˹ȥ֮ͺúϢһ¡
߼Сɽͷһӭôˣվһ˵ڻߵȴϯ
ڳϡ
׼ֽϣֱΡ͡лȥȲݺͼݰɵ⽴
˶࣬ÿֽ׼һޡ
ʱ˭ҪʲôϣֱùԼҨ
ߵͷȫעҨ⽴Ƕ˺Ȼŵһɵζ
ţ
ңˣ
̧ͷһű߹ȻңˣȻһ
ңվűߣΪ㻹
ͣеĶ̧ͷдԩͳë͵ʱ㶼ܿҡ
ûС
ƭ˭㣬˵ûУĿ𣿡
ңһ⽴Ҷ˳ȥ
תƻⰡ˾ˣ߿һ°΢̧û
ʲôҪҾͲͳëˡ
߶ɫƬ̣ȰҰѴл˳ȥ
𣿡
ûˣȻҸպϡ
ңû˵ֱӶʢдлĹӳȥ
ߵЦһҡҡͷ
˾ˣīô˹ӣɡ
滹С
ңĶԻ̧ͷȴŲҴҵشӳſ߽𱸵ߣôü˾˶˹ӣ
˾Ӳ˵æûӹеĹӣ
ոն㿪ˡīѹӣǣü˾˸ɻ
ҲûðԼ˵ġ
ԼҲУֹ˵˾Ӧû
ǲǶҺͼ˾˵Ĺϵʲô᣿
ڳѹ˵
һɤӣߣûаĻԳˡ
ˡߴסͷʢõ⽴īһȰҶ˳ȥ
߶ι޸īȥվڷŵϵĳϣչʾôԣպô䡣
Ű˵ķպϣ֮޲ڡ
̫ûɽ
ߵΧڻǰһ˵Цһ߳Ի
˴ԵǹԼϲԵĲˣȥĹԡ
ڹߵĳ˿⣬˻ֺǺǵкС
ţ֪ô
ܸ裬ҰӦͣ˸Ŀ
ģҲгվ衣
Χڹߣǣ߸˵رš
ߵ֫ӶЭ
ڹߣֺǺǵغ
˺һߣ
̧ͷ
˶˹еŵԱߵϣְ裡
߻ûüܾ㱻Ǵӵȥˡ
ôˣΪ׾֫һһģԱߵСǿ
ҿЦ
߲⣬ԭת˸ȦҾ˵Ҳȥˡ
ʲôϵˡסˡ
ַЦ
ңΪ˾λߣ峤¶Ҫ࣬Ȼû˸
ңΪڻǰȥˡ
ŰͻȻһÿɰ
ңתͷ
˵Ǹڹǰһˡ
۶ǰߣһ㶼û˾ڿ
ңӰ˰ڽˣߡ
ڻѱظ裬ֳܳȴһʱڽ
ͷһңæǰ˰ڰ֣ʾԼҪȥˡ
߻ػ¡
ң⿴ոո̾ˡ
˵Ŀ׷ŰߵĲӣº󣬱Щʧ䡣
Ҹңȣǰ㣬ʡ
ңɫջĿ⣬ȥȥ㣿ҷһرõĵط
ˣ
㻹Ҫ˭˭ҳȥڡ
Ҳǣʲô㣿ͷͲǺܺãҪǴĻҵû㹳ߡ
жһͣ϶ϹС
Ҵȥ㡣ˣ֮ǰϴʱôȥѡ
ߵȫѾˡ
þûȥ㡣
ﵹ㣬С㣬㡣
ҵļҪǵ㣬һ롣
Ҳ󡣡
˵סôһݾУʡ㿪ˡ㲻ǰҵ˽Ҹԡ
ѹս˵Աߵ¶û塣
¼廰ò׵Ŀ϶ڲ廰ɹ˾ˣʲô
˵ȥ㡣˵𰮺ã۾ˣҲѺã˾˵һĵ㡣
죬ʲôõģǲ׽Ұ޵ĺʱڵҰִַ³Բ꣬ѬҲر㡣
ҡͷλֵܿ
˾ҲڵҲˡ
ǣ㾭һȥ˵ܵٴ㡣Ǿô˵ˣ緹ȥǱ㡣
㣬ҴɽϷȽϷ㡣
ҲУһľգŵ


35 
һ, ̫ûʱ򣬰߳극еһ, Ǹ, ȥι¸, ˾ҪǹˣǺһ
˵, ûֵķӦ, һˡ
Ϊ¼, ߰Ѹ¸ҲǨ˹
ֻ¸ںӱ, ߰Ѽ׺Ȧ˽ȥһˮвݵĸ¸Ȧ
ĸ¸û㰲, ÿʳСССϣԼι뱥
õȥι, ܰúܽ׳ˡ
ʱ䣬ֻ¸˵, ǿзϰߡ
߾ûǵĵ, صŪһЩɲݽȥ
ĸ¸ѣڴЩ¸շС¸
¸ߺ˳, Ǳ߾Ͳһˡ
ĸѾԽԽ, ƲõĽͻ᳹׶̡
⼸ĥҪҪ˻һ, ֳģ
˵ĻʱԸĸһ䡣
ĸС򣬲Ż̡
һĥһߴɨȦ, Ȼ˽
Ϊ, ̧ͷˣ
û뵽洫ȴң, 
߾ȣôô죿
ң㲻Ҵ㿴Ҫʲô
Ҵպ˷һȥá
߷ɻؼ˱רŰ˴нϺ̳ȻȥʱѳԵĴϣͲԷ˰ɡ
ԡ
ң·߸ɡ
˴ŰСʱĳɽһС
ңͷ䣬Σɡ
߿ٱΣ·ʱ򻹲תͷôҵˮأĲݣƽʱӦû˹
ɽ£ӦȻγɵˮݡ
ԶɽϪϪˮȫע˺
Ӧͦ࣬һ۹ȥ˺üѹѹļ
ˮݡ
תһȦ˸ĵطµõľգط治߷ãߡ
Ҿ
ãǸһ㣬˶Է㡣ҿʼ˰
߽óŵľҨ˵ˮһС򣬷һңԼһӽǰĺ
ЩӵҪá
Ⱥڸӹȥ㣬źõ
߽ȥ䵱㻤ıŽˮˣȻٰѴľշڲݴŵͣڵ۾㡣
ңһ͡
һڱ۵㱻
Ҳʮңָһء
С㡣
ߵؿңȡŵ
߽ķˮ̫á
һңһ㡣
ǵ
߻ǿվ
סˣоԼط鲻С
ңüۡ
ңӣߵ㣬ҪҪ㻻
ӲãһǱȥ
һָǺСĵط
˵ţҲңӦԼСľ׮ͱ껻طȥˡ
ͷ̫ԽԽ󣬰е͸һһ
̲ס㹳Ρ
㹳ڣҲҵúúõġ
аˡ
ֹţĿңüۡ
ңѾʮˣ̫࣬ӱ쭳صظ˸ӡ
߿Լı
֯ıһˮˮ裬ǰˮӳӰɾúܡ
ݡ
а
չ˹ģңʱ䲻ˣǰ緹˰ɡ
С
緹ǴнϺˮ̡
ڲݴԶ緹
ɽȴ⣬ǳ⡣
ңֺˡ
Ҳȫյ⣬ǵϺãɸɾʲôûСʵĹ̿ɸˡ
⣿
һȷװнƬʹжεչ죬չ˴нȥȲݵͣ˺úڲϻʱ䶼ȥ׽ֻˡ
óԡ
ǰɣʳҸжˡ
緹߻صغң˻죬תˣٴοʼ㡣
ֻ˸λãصػ¡
ˮתôҲõˡ
û뵽յһᣬң;Ͷˡ
ߵ۾˶Ƶ⣬ܰ۾Ϲ
ңȡҶ
ǰϸģרںӱڵ򾣬չɹ˰죬ԶûרŷӰ㡣
͵⣬ǰͣص˱Ƚֱ˳ֵǸˣ߶ɫȽϵߡ
ֱûˡ
ӵľ飬һĵУȻҪվ
һоѡķˮؿܳ⡣
̫ƫסˡ
ۿҪڣңǱض飬һû˸£
ĿƵӶƵȻĽˮ
ɽϪҲһ׶ȴϥһĵطˮƽ
СϪȫ԰ˮˣֱ׽㰡
ݣ
֮ǰôû뵽
۾һԽԽÿС
һľùȥŵңǱߣһᣬȥǱ׽㡣
ţ
СϪǱߡģôԶ㡣
˵ɾ͸ɣűľܵСϪͺӴһĵطѡһȽխλãֱӱ𼸿ʯͷӽСϪСϪ
ʯͷһȥСϪεˮضϣһ°һء
࣬ǰȥʯͷ̰ӡ
̰ӽˮʵʵ
߼̰û⣬Ϫߣ̰ʮԶΣ˸Ƚխĵطٽ˸̰ӡ
Ϫͷסˣ߽һ㣬Ҵ䣬ľ״ظһ
ңվϪǵ̰ǰҨˮɫأҪ
ˮ㣡ľ׻ˮ̰ȥȻһ񣡡
Ū㣿
û˰ɣҰˮóȥûˮϪ㰡ϺзȫΣץδؾͱ١ˣȥ㣬ҡ
ҪҪæ
òţأȥ
ںһ죬ֽŶӲˣڸû
ľӻӵ磬һưưˮͷϪˮλۿɼ½
ߺ
ϱСʱûٺͬº㣬оúܡ
ٶȣСʱܽˮȫøɣںӴˡ
ߡ
ͷɵ𾢣Ȼ˺
̧ͷһȴմ·ûá
մɹʱ򿴼ˣأ
׽㡣ʾ翴Ϫ
ھʣˮλѾԴ¿ںڵ㼹ˮܶ
ö㣡ɴ۾׽𣿡
׽ˮλٵһ㡣
㣡
ȲؽƤЬһ˦ȽϪʼץ㡣
߳ң㶼¶ˣҸҿɲװ
ңڰ֣׽ɡ
¶棬㻹ͼ˾˱ˣ
磬Сµʯͷ֦ߡ
̱סעģءиѣǻײ֣
أҲ
߿Ϲȥ
ֵ㡣
ˮˣںӴôҲΣֵץͼһһһѹͣ١
Ұס
Բۣôôһ㣿ߴѵ̧ȣ˹ȥæʮ㣬磬ҧ˲Сĵ㣡
ҧɣ
ݰݡ
㱻ֵܰסƴβžžĴֵ࣬һǡ
ޣ߱۾ƴ̧°֣ͣҰӵȥ
һ㡣
һʹ߬סӣһڲݴ
ûüֺﻹģ죬
ѾˣһˣڴȫϪපʱɹסβ͡
һս
ӺҲӵ˵ϡ
ҲץŵĴӵ˰ϡ
ֱֵһͷˮִӶЦ
ܴûַʽ׽㣬һϪȰеĻࡣ
ţϵĴ㣬ץסһϵʮʣµһЩ㡢зϺһѳС㡣
ߴûüȫϪʣµװװһ롣
ˣҰϪָԭǾͻؼҰɡ
ߴѸոս̰ӰˣϪָԭԶԶ廹ĺɫµңôˣ
Ҫȱ𣿡ңͺľգװıҵʮ
ߵͷ𣬡Ҵ㣬ʹԶ㡣
ţ
УӮߺòӮһأŶͦˣø첲磬԰ɣ
û˵ңȿڣӮˡ
ϧո¶ע
ȥעҳԲôࡣ
ҲԲôࡣǴ˲㣡һ˵óСˡ
ңƫͷһۣ֮ǰ˵Ҫԣ
㲻㣬ҲԸ԰һܸѿ㡢Ѭ㡢㡢ͷͳͳ㰲ϣ
ҵһ£ҲŪ
ҰŪãȥ
Ժ˵ˣǻȥ
˵˾ˣôˣҪɴǼҳԷ
ңߡ
¸ǣаҰȫ簲ϡǰˣҲõ˭˵ʲô


36 ܲ
ߺͰ˳رض顣
˵Ӱ, ӭôôŻ㰢ոջȥˡһͷô£ˮˣ
Ǹȱ, ҵı𣡡
ô, ô㣿㻹أ
ֻһ֣˾Ǳ߻, Ȼ͸
߻δ, ңѾž޴ĳ˹ȱκʹк
Щн
߷źñ, ȥߵˮﵹˮ, ཹེˮ, µңˮǲ۰Ϣᡣ
ԣǿϢ, ȥЩ㡣ô, öѬˡ
æֹǸ̫С̫С, Ѭ㲻ó, Ҵ
Ѭʲô
Сʰ, ɹɣѬ㣬Ū衣
ڸãȻд½һʲô, Ҫô
߼ҳʯ
ʱǰҵʱ͵ġ
ʯִأһľ, и, õʱľ, һһѹΰһַֺ㡣
ͦϲʯ
ҲᣬҴ֣Ūɡ
ǸȰҰɱãͷżǵʳ⣬ϴͳ
ң԰ߵȥɣæ
æ˾ˣЪţŪͺá
ЦҪôǸһŪô㣬Ūã˾˶Ҫˡ
̧֡ˡһ°ĺ󱳣ô鷳˾ˣ
һŤһһжϵҺһȥϴ衣
䣬ֵϷ·ȥϴ
ˮ󣬵طںϴȽϷ㡣
æһ죬Ǻ˷ôֲڵҶݺһ꣬ˬˬݵζͰһؼҡ
ǻؼҵʱīѾˣһľ账㡣
ңһľߴ㡣
ľŵ⾹Ȼࡣ
ң̧ͷһۣжͣ
߿ˮһĶĳĴָ

ǿˡ
ңдЦ⣬ֵͷȥˡ
ǻˡ߸߶ǰڣ㿴ǴûУǲر
īץô㣿
ϪǶȥ׼㡣
Ż﷢Ļ⣬ֽһнȰϣٶŴн
磬øɾľһ⡣
ľܵʯǰֱ𣿡
Ҳԣҽ첻ࡣҷ˰
һʮŵʯʯŰּ˼ץһѴнҨΣʾⰶ磬ˡ
ʯľϣһһµؿʼ
ץסᣬʱʱһ¡
ܿ죬ȥס
߽Ҩľʾⰶ
ֵĬһ˴׳
īк⣬æס
Űȥˮ
ˮչˣøӣڴչǰ߬һ⣬һһҨһһ״ɹˮС
Աߵɴ۾
Ϊʲôܣ㿴ŵ㣬˾̳ˡ
ͷ
ȫ˴ңһæµ˰ϣŽе㴦ꡣ
߽ͷ㼹չϼӽУСˣٵ뿪ˮ
ˮ˺󣬷ȥ
ȳлԱߣܳԴлԼһѣܳԵľͲӡ
߸ҨҨչǰ񵰺ʹнƵƬ滹ͷַһ͡
Ƭ

úȰ
ڰ߷ʱ򣬰ѾȲһʱǾ棬һ㶼ȣ𣡡
ô˵봵˴Ҳһ۾Ʒ
ͷ㼹ͼһǡôĴŨϴлζȴͳḻ
ټ˸衣
ȫ⣬ûŰۣǳʣ״̬ҪóԲ١
ڳȳԣζֱһ
̧ͷ˵̣ʣ
ͷǰɣһҪһ룡
ȳ⣬Ӧˡ
Ȳش򿪹ǡ
ѾˣӰ͸ѩף΢΢
кң죬ȳԡ˾ˣҪصΪġ
ллңǰӴù׸Ҩ⡣
ѩ׻ۣһŨ֭
ң˿ڣͷʣŲĻۣ΢΢һ⻯ζһγɸӵζ
طңĿζ
ңߣЦЩ⡣
һټһ㣬˾Ȼȫˡ
ŵθֱá
ҹɫҳɾıԱ߰һҰݵˢӣˮˮˢһα𣬡һ½赹
۰Ͱ͵ؿ裬궬ʱҲ԰ɣ
аʣʱ¼Ϫץǲ֪ʱ಻࣬ҪǶĻ衣
϶٣Ϧǻ˵ǰȥʱ򣬿ö
Ի󣬡ʲô˼
Ժܲãϲ־ˡϲ죬صʳﻹʵʱ򣬴ϳͷȥ
ֻҪŶڣŲζͿˡζ£һζŲ˵û϶ˡ
û뵽ֲ´ʲôʱȥͣҲȥ
ǣ⼸Ӧûȥ͡
ǵôҰ
װ裬ϱĸӣϱȥң˾ˣȥԣˮ߼󶼿ԣҲУǵˢ;С
ãѾԹˣǳԡ
õõģ㡣Ǹͼ˾һ°
ңܾʱվɽߣѹ㲻ǲôʱֱãζٷˣ϶ѳԵȥ
ңƾܡ
Ӳңôණ趼ҪĲ
ңŰ£Ҫȥ
ôˣ
ڵĲԭ٣˻ˣ˭ûϢȥһͣȥҲ׷˼Ͳʲô
ˮҲ·Ͽ϶ܲɼĶȥһ
Ҫȥȥβ塣ҪȥβǿԭѲӣŶࡣǵط볤βĲԶҲûʲôرβ˻ȥ

㲻ǽ̹֯˵㶼ȥǵط࣬㲻ԣ
ӡ۾䡱һˣ㲻ҶˡҪȥβ
˳ȥȥĻ
ȥ
׼һңǳ̫ûʱ
û⣡ý࣬ԡ
Լá
˳ػȥ
˵ʣһȥ𣿡
˾˴ȥ
˾˿϶Ҫȫ㡣໣Ҳȥ
ٺ٣ȥˣǽ̹Ĳ֯ȥĲԲɼˣ˯ɣ컹Ҫء
ð˯Լһܻط䣬źһűؽ硣
ڶһ磬иֽιȣ򵥿˵һˡ
ɵɽȥң
ңҲҪš
ײϡ
磡߻ʮ㣬緹ûУǾͳ
Ҫûꣿ
ûҸչģ
ˣ߰ɡ
ϡ
߸ң󣬵ȱٸɡ
ңķʡࡣ
ңǰͷһۣǲ䣿
ãߴ첲һ㣬ηͲˡ
´ζһƤӷڱʱ򴩡
֪ˣ죬ǳ
ңɵúܿ졣
߽Ĺ⣬Ҳɵúܿ졣
͵˳βĲԭ
´
߿ܱȽȱˮɽϹͺͺľǲݣҲͺͺľǲݡ
Ϊ٣Щݴ󲿷Ѿʼƣеɪ֮С
ӣŬеζ
˰죬һ֮⣬ʲôҲû
߻ͷô죿ڲԭĶ
һ취
ڶ취أ
ҡ
԰װġ
Ŀɿڴ
ңƫͷϣ
æȣ֪󣿡
п˼󶴡
߱죬дĽ
ϷɵʱҪǶŲ΢࿴һᣬ͸о۾ˣֱ
ʲôǧ֮⿴һֻӬ£ˣҲᷢϡ
ңܿ˵һǰ˵ڰɡ
߿żϥߵĲһȭͷ˶ٵĶ¾
|Ųʮ
߽Žɵһʯȥ
ɳʱȽҲûͼӲʯͷôѾ
Ҳͷһֶӣڳһ׶೤ͨ
ͨľͷһƽĸ
˿̣һƽײ˴붴ֲּܴ洢ñȽϾõʳ
Щʳ󲿷ֶڰߵʳϡ
߶˵бֽЩʳٽ
һװС
߿ʳʣµƽĴ󶴣Ҹо˴|ٸĿ֡
ţ
˵Ҳ̫˰ɣһʳô࣡
࣬һҪ湻һʳ߰ɣȥһ
ϡ룡
˸ƣüɫʾңǰ档
ң࿴һۡ
¶õЦݣ˿ֵĿ⣬ƨƨߵظ档
ңƬԭǳ죬ֱҺ԰һɴŰƵһһǰ
Щ󶴻Ķǲڡ
ҲЩڿ沢ûвضʳѾĶȵǣûô
¸߰ɾʮ㡣
󶴣ÿһǿƱ
ȳ緹ʱѾڵʳ
һЩζǳ
߸ɴһЩһ
˯ϰߡ
̫˷ܣǿȥ۾ģ˯š
ɴң˵˯һᣬ˯ȥڡ
أԼѡ
˯š
ңһᣬڣȥ
ҲСҪǻȥ磬Ұľܲӡȥӱ߿ѵذȥеóˡ
˼ȥ
ô˷ܹ˷ܣǿʼˣڶʱô㣬׼ͷҲôá
һһڵʱ򣬰ųͷһڣꡱһ£һͷֱֵ洢ľڶϺü
߰ûڵؽһڶʲôˡ
ңο˾ͶˣյԵ
ֻˡ
߶۵ؽڶϵĸӽ
ף
ŵڶϵľ飬ɫɲŵӵһţһϤζӯǻ
ңʣôˣ
߶ԭأҺܲ


37 Σ
ߺңҵľȥϪϴ, ϴľƤɫƤܺ񣬴а׺, һɫĹ⡣
ȻƤܲ
߶࿴, ҧ˿ڡ
Ⳣеɬе, ϱӳܲζҪŨء
ңŰ, ô
ߡǰɡһһܲ㳢
ңһ, ϴŲײ
ٽܲǰ, ݵ͵, һ˿Ц⣬治ѳԡ
ңüӹеܲ, űƤŽɵһ, ׽
ڴؿô
óԣɬ
ζһ, ˾ͺóˡ, ȥﻹܲ, ܲŪӻȥ
վĿ
ܶǻĲ, һˢˢ, ݵʲô
ȥˣ
ܲҪ, 췢, ܲ
𼱣Ҹطѱźá
ǱߣǰѱŵǸСɽȥڸҿ
˱ΣɵСɽϣ±
߸Ǻñĸӣصظ˼Ѳݸڱ棬ңߡ
ɽϵĲݱȽϡ裬ܿݴƬƬɫֲ
߶ϸȴǳڵŶ
ڵŶɬζȽأڵŶø̷ۡ
ˮŲ޶ײ޶ԭһѣ˸ݾ
ңѣҰ˺ܿࡣ
ǿ˵㣬պԱзζҲܺúȣҪѵá
ңһͷٹ
˼ܲ
ǰûעܲҶӣΪɹؿÿһƬҶȥ
ңԸϤص쿴İҶֲ
ôҪҵʲôʱȥ̧ͷɫĨź˵ȻǱ·ҵļʴЩ
ҪԶ
ãƽҹȥǱɽߣҹȥǿðɽߣߵɽŻϣҪûҵҲȻȥˡ
ԭһƽطԶʵûһСʱ߲ꡣ
ˡ
ңͷ
౳ɣִܿԵĿص㣬ܲ
ããԭܲŬĿǿţֹܲһš
һܱܲѿСܲǾ;еڶš
ŸӣŲǰ
ݵµĶֲʵͦ࣬ӡߡꡭȻ͵е࣬ܿš
߶ֲݣЩﻹʮ׵ʱЩ͡_һݴС
ʲôҲץס
ûԵʲôֻҵܲ
ݵµֲҲͦ࣬κֲ̬죬ûҪܲ
ͷɽǱ߳ϦɢŲݺӵĹԡ
߲±ɹͨǰߡ
ǰһֱǲݣ޾Ĳݣֿһݣǰֻһڵš
ֵЩľ˫Ŀֱˡ
ǰϸ΢Ŀʳ
ΪҲû⣬һŲݸùȥͬʱݡ
û뵽βݴȴǲݣһֻëƵС
СһӵŰߣֱ֫վڲһɵˡ
ⶫôôҰ
߳ɵضֻС
ǵ͵ӣӦòɣ
ǾСβͣҲǵ͵βͣ
߲
ҰҲ
˫˼롣
СҰһӣŵأԲƨһŤҪԱܡ
붼û룬ֱӷȥסСҰĺȡ
໡
СҰƴţͺУ̶Ƴգ
߲ϲ
ԣ
˫ȣ˫ŹڵϣһߵֿҰһ߷ſɤӺңץˣ
ڰߺʱ򣬲ݴж
̧ͷһǰȴһֻٽĸ
ĶӶˣʵ׳
ʱסӵİߣ۾ð˷ŭĹ⡣
һġ
ĸͷһͣ͵س߳˹ȥ
Բ̷ۣſеӣܡ
ĸģ׷ڰߺ棬̤һݿӡ
߰æ֮гһۣҪǱϾԻ󶴡
ˡ
Ұ죬Ӿͳ嵽˰ǰ
߾͵һǱ׼ȷرܿҰĹң
ߴ󺰣ֽŲõվȴΧȻһȺҰ
ݲɨһۣжʮֻҰм仹һȺӡ
鷳ˡ
亹ˣӲƯƵƱ˸ûǸȥ
úȺҰ룬ܱΡ
ȻڱεһĿ϶ڣҰԻײϣϹ򵱳ײ
ûôΣ
죬á֮ƴǰܣҰûֻҪֵңϹͰȫˡ

Լصĺβըˣˮüë۾Ҳգۡ
оһôʵҲʮ롣
ɾңųϹ¡
ңôΣա
ˣȺҰȴ㲻еҪȥߣ೯ңײȥ
ң˫צֱץסֻҰ˫צһ˺ҰӲ˺롣
Ѫζζ˲ڵأߵıȥ
ǿŲŻ£Ҳͣң󲿷ҰûҰǸȥ
𣡡
ҰǺηֻ׷ߣʣ¼ʮֻңײһȺûͣ٣Ȼǻݡ
¶־֮ɫȴȻᶨ
ôֲ龰Ǳһ˵Ļʣûлš
ȺҰ䡱죬һ滹иҰ롣
ɽܡ
ҪȻȡʱ䣬ΣϷɣ
߼ƻúܺá
ȻûܳͷһŸ첲˫һ
һ˫޴צץţȰˡ
˲˿оֽŷü졣
ݡ
Σˡ
߸оԺһƬհף˼룬ͷϡ
ϵȺûɢͷǷŭغС
ңɵָֿ죬Ƭ̺󽫰ߴǷűɽϣ°ߣ˼ףΣû˰ɣ
û÷ǳʱҪһ˵׼ˡʶȥ˵ʱ˼ڷƮأ
ҲûˣϢһ¡
ЩҰֲǰûаɣ
ûУӦ⼸ǨڲݴҲûע⵽ǽȻȥٹŲһô¡
ôףһ˹ҪȻò㣿
á㲻ڵĻȺҰѵʱ䡣
ǳΪϺȵĴ˰
ӣҪûҰְţһ˾ܽЩҰ
ңԶԶɽµҰжϵⲻ󡣡
ôץȥܳԺþ˰ɣ
š
һ飬ǲùҰȽҪ
ţңתͷǲ죬ʲô
ȣ˵ǸҪȽ̫ûɽʱ仹磬Ӧüɣ
뵽ңһצ˺ֻС䣬ɵֻȥĻҲ̫ϧˡ
ôһֻгٽﾻȥҲ̫ϧˡ
ﻹûԹء
⡢ع⡢±⡢⡭
߾еˡ


38 
һ, °˵ɣֽŻǷ
ȷûΣպ˿ȽƽĲƺ, һƨ|ڲݵ, Щѡ
ң֣ŵʲô
ʲô
ʶͷԼ֡
Բۣ
ﻹקһҶ, ץʱ, ץҶϣͰҶһ޶ˡ
ô, һֱûüӡ
ֻҶץ, , һššɫ֭ӡ
߽ҶһףҰݣող֪ôץϡ
ûҰݣ
߿ң, ֿϵĲ, ô˵ѵܲ
߸ϽѵϵҶִŵϹ۲졣
ܲҪܲҶӾǿˡ
ϱܲʱܲ, ҶӺҪȥ²ܿ
ңתͷң
˵
Ǹ, Ұü, ʲô취ȺҰߣȥҲ˵ھҪȥ, ûʲô취
ڹȥš
ȷûǲҪǿ
ʲô⣿ң, վɽ, ܡ
ɽĶ, ҰȺڱٵأûзǡ
֮⣬ܾģûΣա
վһᣬȥѸ˺Ұ
ţģҪΣգһΣٱҰˡ
һҾͻ
ң˵꣬һ±Σųˡ
ڱýӰֱҰȺС
Ұȥ
ɽͷԶԶţ󿪴ࡣ
Ϊ˼ɡ
еҰƺڸңͲˣһͷң˺һͷͷ˺ͷ
ôԶ߶ŵѪζѪⱻ˺Ŀֲ
տʼʱҰƴǰ塣
ң˺ͷʱҰȺʼˡ
üֻҰͷܡ
Ҳͷڼ֮ڡ
ңҰ˲任һ¹λ
ֲ̫ˡ
ѹ˵ңеĵһˡ
߿ңвһ㣬ֱӽҰȺ˺һӣƵҰ±ӣĽ
ҲҪս
Ұʼܡ
߷ܵò죬ΪҪعͷЩҰӡ
߹һȻ뵽Լ©ʲô
վɽϣ״ŵߣң󺰣ң㷽Ļץͷ̣Ҫ
Ļˡ
ңһΪӦ
š
߼ֱȺһצһֱֻֻ̳ɽ·ɹ
ɵɽ£׶ʱңצһɣֱӽֻ
˹ȥһץסһ̵ֻĺȣƨ|ɺ濴˿
е
ǹģ
ޣ߳ңĴָ
ллҪץֻͺˡ
ңֽһٴηɵȺϿգ͵سҰȥ
צץֻ̣һֻצץֻһֻצһֱֻӵǰ
߳ԱߵĿ𣬽ֻСһ˸ӡ
ңҪ׷
ۼֿ죬æǰһסĽצЩѾˣٶҲ𡣡
ҰȺңͼӻҡ
Сƨǰܣ˵ʱ򣬱ʧ˲ԭ
ңΡ
ɿȣһ
ӻƴлңʵЩ͹ˣ
ͷ϶
ЩӦǴӱ˲ܹߣ´βһҵ
´ε´˵˵´ֻܹ
߳ң¶ЦݣˣǱϾɱ
ȥҰû
Һһȥҿֲ﾿ǲܲ
òݰĸӰס
ãٰһҪôǰҲȥǲעĵطˡ
߸ոտûЩȻСѾ
ôֶ࣬ذֱӹҲ̫ѵ¡
ңͷ
һɹȥɱĵط
ڲݴﵽѪζǳš
߻Լʱѹĺۼ
⿴ЩۼͿƶϳܵʱжôҡ
ٿԱңɱķʱĺۼ

ʹС
߿
ˡ߻æܵңߣոҾݵĵط
ҶѾûˣֱӿڡ
ԣһԴ浽ʲôֱڳ֪ˡ
ߴݵĹӾԱߡ
ѹһ˲ʼڡ
¶ǲݸƣܲ÷ֿ
ңƣӹеĹӣ
߾úѶԸĲݸңºһ±
ȵȣܲ
߶쿴
ܲҲƹСʲΣҶѾ޶ˣ¶µĹʵ
ͳһζⲻܲʲô
ܲң㿴ۣܲûɣ
ţ
϶ʲôܲӴǿܲǵһѿҪҿûܲ
ǲǺҪˮ
ûֹӦҪ㿴ˮĸûˮĻӦͲô󡣡
Ǿӱߣ˵ںӱҵ
ôû뵽ߣӱߣ
ȰЩҰⱳɽϣȻʳ
ߺңڲݴǰ˺⡣
һʮġʮⶼˣһɱʮͷҰ
š
Ǹ߿ңĸ첲ɣɱôͷҰĸ첲Ȼ𣿵ȻܷܲɻȥʵڲУǾͲˡ
òš߰ɣȰ˻ɽ
˷Ѿذ˻ɽ
ңðɽϵһ£Ȼɵ߿У˼
Ľ߿ͬ
վɽϣԾס䣬Ե⴩ʯĽ
ңΣ˳β˹æˣû취ôʳ˻ز䡣
û⡣ǣЩʳֵǣ
ţְǡ
Ҳ̫ˣʮô
㲻С
ôǵأǹæֵӦõġ
߰ɡǸϹҪһʱ䣬ȥӱߣܲҵܲ
ԭӡ
ȥɽһҲһǧ׿⡣
˱̸Ϲȥ
ӱߵֲ࣬߿ЩҰҰˣ˷ŵ
һ·ߣû߳һǧףңۼ⣬ǰǲҪҵܲ
أ
Ǹ
߶ϸ
ǰ泤һƽƽֲϿС׻ҡҷ
߷±߹ȥǿһ˵ܲ
ܲ
ģڿӵܲ
ҵˣܲĻ꣬ԣҪҵܲ
ڵȥ
ȲæŶ֣ܲ಻࣬ҪǶĻǾڼûȥڲ԰ϡҪǲ࣬ѣ˸
˼źѰңûһһƬܲ
һƬܲеĻˮ|ۣеѾܲ
ߵɴ۾̤Ьٴȫѹ򡣡
ʲô
˵̫ˣڿڡȥҸܲȣ
ȥְɡ
û£⡪ô࣡϶Ҫúȵܲο
߿ֵؽʯͳʼڡ
ºܶݸܲڡ
βˡ
ųͷظɻڳһܲڳһܲһԱ߶һСܲ
β˴űϹʱ򣬰߻ںӱ߿ֵܲ
ңͳβ˽档
βһ˳㱳ܲһɻذ塣
ؿǽܲװ
һЩʱԿһΡңԸĻ
γȻգջ̫ʢˡ
ȥʱѭңķɡ
ɵֿȣ߲˺ҰӦû̫Ӱ졣
һȺ˷ɻذʱ춼ˡ
βҲڰϢ¶ܡ
Ƿ֮󣬴īһضز
ңʰߣﻹûҪҰæĵط
ûˣǲȥϴ裿ȥɣȻܲˣô⣬ǳԲ꣬һָ䡣
ԼͿˡ
˼̸̽䣬ң崨īͷֱηˡ
һ
˴ߣǽ첻ǳȥôôβ˻ǰͻ
⡣ûԣû뵽Ұȹǡ
ʲôҰ
û˰ɣ
ͬʱ
ȻذĻһҰޣӱĵطܹģұװһѣڿ԰óˡ
ֻش𴨵Ļû£м˾أʲôˣ
īüÿγŶرգҪ´λڲڲɼ
ﾪˣһ˾Ǻڲڲɼʱ򡣡
ˣôǳԲ꣬ҸոѾͼ˾ˣ㱳ͻزɣ
Ͷ٣
Լȣһȥ
ҷּͻȥ
ߣʲô
ǸͰȴһ⣬ëεϴɾҵȻٹȰСȥȦš
ܣݱ߹žС
̫Уʺرúסĵطֿﴦ⣬ȥһ¾һú˩סܲˡ
ߴʳر࣬һ˸˾ְææµµ
󣬰˼ܲȥӱߵĲ԰¡
ֶû̫ʱҹ¶أøɻ
ܲܺúϢһ|ҹѿ
ֲֵ߲֪ܲóɡ
ЩҰܲȽǿ
ںӱֵַĵطӦò⡣
ߴЩ飬Ѿϸߡ
ؼʱѾһƬ˳λڰϣѡ
ߣҪʲôóԵģҸ֡
ʱ̫ˣܲȻ󡪡ͷ𣿡
ͷ
еĻͷ廨ȴнˮʳϺ磬ոߵĻҪͬʱҪȻˡ
ڵ̫
ʲôϸĲˡ
ֱðͻͻϣཹཱུ⡣
ѾһˣŵʱԽԽ㡣
Ũζð
һӣѾ˰ɣʲôʱԳ԰
ȼ˾ϴǾͳԡ
۰Ͱͣ˾˿Ҫ֮ϴ衣
ȥǸط֪ңϴĵطûеԶ˺زĻ֮⣬⻹Ǽ˾˴ģԵ£
īҲǻٵһȣҪʵڶˣԸϺһ¡
ջצӣҲŲԣҪŶӳ⡣
Ƕһöһ㣬ҪȻܻζ
ŹðζоҲζ
ģǼ˾˴ģ˳Էȷʵá
ӣû취
ɴվߵɽߣ̧ͷңңңסǸΡ
üζûܰл
췹Եñ綥|ţ߾еĲ̡
Ǹֿ磬ԥҪȻȸʢһ룬ȳ԰ɣ˾˲ġ
Ȼôü˾˳ʣˣٵһȡ
ǵȴĹУܲԽԽŨ߷ܲˣһߵͷ廨ҲŨ㣬ζζʳָ󶯡
߿չʳЩңҺңϴϴñȽ
ҪȻûλǾԳʳӦеζ
ˣվ˴󺰡
ң¹·ɹػΪΣҵͷ
ɤӷɱسߣ˾˻ˣԿˣ
ǹǻѹҰùھ͸ʢ
ϡ
ôԣЩӣԱߡ
һͱʲôˣ죬ʳʢҿ˾Ҳˡ
ȲֱҪӡ
ֻʢ˵װҨ⣬һһܲһͷ廨⡣
Ϻһ˭ϺԼá
ʳ
߻û߳Ѿÿ˶ʳ˾ˣصΪĲˣһ㡣
һɣʲôʱصΪ˾Ĳˡ
ȵ˾˹ԷصΪĲʲôҲ˵ˡ
˲϶죬ȼһ廨⣬ûϴֱˡ
໣۾쭳Ứһ̧ͷشһ߾׽ҴûԵô⣡
ڰɡ
Լ֪ˣŴ֭ˮ죬ζʮ㡣óԣ
߿ôţһ廨⡣
ȷʵܺóԣǳеζһҪö࣬еζ
ַܾͷȥˣһζȫŨ㡣
˵ķζر㣬ʲôزζǿˡ
Ҹ۾ʶ̧ͷң
ң㣬겻䵭׶˲١
߹⿴ı֪ǳ⡣
߶룬ĳ˸Ƶơ
ǾԼ
ôյ£Ұҳɹⱳ˻ȻԷԵرôһ⣬ĳˡ
ң˼볯˻Ρ
ͬһԱ߳Է˶ûǵС
Եر㡣
һ˿Ц⣬־룬ʾңܲ
ܲҲر㡣
߹ܲر𳤵ʱ䣬ζʻ۵ú㣬ܲģһֱĵȥ
ܺɫºôһܵľŶĨƽˡ
úȣ
ˣ


39 
ǰӵʱЩľû, һֱڷӺ档
߳緹Ƥľϣϼ, һסԶһɽϿȡ
ɽ滷ɽ, Ψǰһڣһڴ
ͦ, ɽˮв, ߴѼǨߣ÷ȾˮԴ
Զ, ķ㻹ֱӶԱ, Ӱˡ
, һ˼첻ȥɼ
һᣬͷ, ȴң̧ϵľͷ, ľͷһϡ
ôҲûȥԣ
ˡҪȥ
±ǸϿǳźܶ
ңĳ¶ɻ󣬿ľͷֿ, Ҫȥｨ
סôࣿ, Ǩȥ, ζ̫ˣɽ²ôһ¡ȻǨ, ɴһǨȥʱҲù
Ҹ͹ȥ
ң˵ֱӱ, ץľͷзȥ

Щľͷǰ, ÿ׳, ֱʮףϱӴ࣬ľͷҲг
ңԸæʡ̫ˡ
߽ĸӸǺã¼ĳȣԭرΣһɣң档
˴ɽ֮ķ϶ɵϿ档
תͷѡĵطͱڣͷǲһƬա
Ĳ˵㹻ˡ
תͷܣԽԽ⣬ҵøȡ֡
ʲô
ϿȣҿϿȺˡ
ȷǣͶصԸ
ңҡͷһᣬȥľͷ
ٱ͹ˣȰѲݸһ£ȻỹԴӾɵһϹ
š

Ұ򣬶տʼѱҪ̫ϸʳ
ߴ򵥴ӡ
ѡطݣ
Щ߶ˣǳ졣
Խ͸¸޷ֵȥ̡
ңܿ콫ľͷˡ
һɻ˵˵̫ۡ
˸ɵ𾢵ʱ򣬰߶һңǲ˵
ţ
ˣˣǲСƨ죬Ա߱һܡ
ң΢΢üʲô
Ǽ˾ˡˣл˲䴫˰ٸ䣿죬ȶһ£ȻܵӰ졣
һ£ûƶ
ͷʺŵؿң
̫⴫ʲôл
ҪȽϲ
УЩлңķ̫á
ûʶ֮ǰңʮĸ֮
ѵңԸ⣿
ˣҵȻ͡
ңͷؿһۡ
߶˫Ư۾ΣҪңˡ
ңΣһģԱߵɽϷȥ
߿ıӰﲻζ
ңӰغá
һȺֻһ׶СųžžષɽɽȣڰͷһȦ䵽ϣذС
ͷСһھ˷ܵغߣոǲ˭
߸оĵЩɬȺСǰȴûֳЦ۾µµתҪʲô
ոտ϶ˣ
ո˰Ұľϱôˣ
ȫû˵ѣһֱ׳ıСǴ
СӣŬеζ
Źζ̫࣬һʱֲ
ЦŸǵ̺ȣǹʲô˭⣿
˵ġ峤˵лл͵⣬ǰѲ͹
ףʲôϣ
߳Ǳ￴ȥֻÿ˵ıжʢŸָҰݡ
Щϴۣǿڸв̫á
˲Ұݣιιȴٺò
߳СĴָǸģ
ûСҳȥɼʹԵʱġ峤Ǹ㣬֮ǰÿȥԶ˳ݻ
Щ⡣
û뵽ôġ
ֱڼȫ֮
дҰæó⣬󲻻Ӱڵ
Сվڰǰͷ˵
̼˾ллǰҲллңҺҪЩϣˣֻ䳢
Сʮָˣһͦţ֤߱ߣİɣԺÿ춼ݡ
Ǿ鷳ˡϿڴҪǲڵĻǰݷŵ𣿡
ã
СǴӦˡ
ǵԴЦǰˡ
СЩ˼㿴ңҿ㣬Ƽšһ±һȺųˡ
ңɽϷ䵽ߣԵǲ
ҪǴҶܺã㾴ңҾ㣬ôܲãҪǶĻȳԸ緹
ѾǰıŤЦ
ңٸɵ
ңȰҪö࣬޳ָ۸ʲôرС
ÿοĶױȻ󷢴
ţң̧ͷ
߻񣬼֯µéݣҪ
֮պܰ
ߺң˵ûرС
ʲôҪС֡
Сĵ
ңüͷ
߲ÿ֪ı飬ӣͷҲ̧Сȥƺ󣬲ųÿ죬ҲûôȻҰζû취ԡ
а޽ǵܷҪ
а緹ɡҽ̳ܲˣԳܲ
˵
ڶϣңȻߵ˱µ޽ǵ
޽ҲһƳǱĥ˷ڣײִܴԲʰ͸ĻɫϺõĻ觡
߰֡
ңˡ
ôУ߻ӻ֣Сһ¾ͻ㡣
ڳС˵
ī߽ԴԴüۿҪһһ¡
ߺңĬ߷ֿ
תͷˣ緹ѾŪˡ
ī࿴ۣŴչȥ
һϰԺԷ
Ҫ̫̫꣬ͻŲ£ڳϳԡ
ϵϺܲɵӸ࣬Ǽ⡢̺ܲ㳢ϲϲ
ܲܲһ磬ɫܲɫܲһطںŷǳˬƯ
īкңԡ
һĿңǰԷ
ҶңѾϤˣ¶˾ˡҲ׽˲١
īʼȰˡ
Ӹˬʵܲθÿһ˶Եúܱ
һԭζ̣ḻֽ
΢пϵʳֿǰķӣ۶㡣
ⶼǷܶĳɹǵڶ̶̰ʵ˷Ծ
극վ壬ȥϴ
󣬡СҶ׽ˣڿҪ

ʲô
Ǹĵ
߻ˣĴǸչˮտûУ
ˡ
Զ԰ң˵磬ǰҰСץסǰţϾ
ô죿
߰ڰ֣չĿˮ
һ޽ǵȥݣһΣƳŨˮ
ϴɾ֣ϻǰҰУ˲ľҡ
룬ץǰ׼õĲȥ
ѾһֻСˣȼ壬˫ǰţǿ̶סˡ
һ˵У˾˰æ
ң߹
վֻץǰ㡣
ңһ˫޳Ĵƣֱץסֻȡ
ԭһˡ
ߵݸһٴŨˮϸһ飬ȻŨˮĲҿʼ˰ǰá
š
ߵõӦʣСϣŨˮСĵ
ңһƵľ룬ң̵ܿĽëϸϸë
ߴȫעؿֵµС
СĵѾʪˣƺоĳֲԤУߺ
߰޽ǵŵһȻ˸ʵλãֻȥ
һ¿ƿ׼ݡ
ۺﶼѾ¶ˣûʼС
һʳָĴָһۺɫĵ˳
Сһϵŵ֯ȵ䵽
ڷӦˣļС
ĿɿڴؿץһСѴҶ̵࣬ĿյĵƤһ󣬡ˡ
ʿˮʶؼ˼ȡ
Ҳûô˳̧ͷЦЦڶֻ
һ죬ڶֻҪһЩ
Ƭֻ̺޾ɵ̶˱
̷żһ죬ٰ͵µȥ
С޺С¸ޡ
ӦòáߵǸһ޽򣬸¸޽|Ѽ˵ôĻҲۡ
վ˴
ҪС˳ȹأǼҾֻֻֻѼĲ˵϶ܹһꡣ


40 
Խˡ
𴲵ʱܼİ˪
ڳ, ϳ˴⣬ڱһƤ·εʱϡ
Ȼ䡣
¶̫, ֱŻů
ҲΪԾʱ䡣
Ϊ˶ĵ, ÿȥԺͲɼʱ򣬶ʱ䡣
ߵһϳȥ, ջһʳŻؼҡ
ÿؼҵʱѾڼҡ
ʱҲˡ
䵽ϱΡ
ڳɹ̫İʹͬʱ̧ͷ
ߣǰһߣʲôջ񣿡
Ǹɹһ, ʯͷһѣмľ, 泲أǲ, ǸջȽ϶࣬һۡ
ģǸҿ
ڳţ̵Ļϳˡ
Уýߦ, ϡ
Ը£øɹʯͷ̵ʱڷŵڹ𣿡
һף, 磬˵, ȥ󡣡
Ұȥ, ι˲ݻˮ, ȦСҲ, ˿Ѿȫ, ȥ
ôô죿
¡ϦǼʹˣ˵ǾͻҶǡ
ǣһ飬оʷ졣
ü˵󣬵ڶֱԭСȥйˡ
ٺ٣ǸʱҲһͰǲǾڹֱԭеʱ򣬾Ϊ£
ô򵥣ڹ伯ǰǾˡǲֱУ˴İڣ̸ʽΪ¡
֪ۡȥ伯Уܲҵİ£
Աߴһûһš
˺ǵİ飬ôۣôһ¡
΢΢üͷЩꡣ
ܼ򵥣ĸɹҰ˺Ѭɣ߻ȥ
ǼҵԵ÷ǳ죬Ҫµ棬Ȼ湩Ӧϡ
浽ǣڶҵǳȥɼʱִһٳɶ࣬ǿɹۡ
극ˮȥԡϴԺ̧ͷǿա
첻ϴ裿
ҿǽûҾȥϴ裡
̧ͷǿա
Ƭǿշǳİȴɡ
˰죬۾ˣûǿ
𣿡
ˡǿǲǣǸҺ񿴼ˣ
ĺ߳վ£˳ŰָŵķϿ
ϸƬ̣¶Цݣǡ
ģˣ
ôˣܿ
ȥϦ˵һǹֱԭȥ
ôһ仰ԭرΣųȥ
׷ں溰㲻ϴˣ
شֻĽౣ
Ц߹İߵļ򣬡磬ȥ˯
չŵˮˡ
Լȥ
߽
ľŹŵʱ򲻹˿ᷢ֨һ
߹ţϺһɡ
ʯͷסôãķ͸սʱѾ˺ܴı仯
ŸĲ滹źʵƤ
ǰ֯ɵĲ
ҲǺʵƤ
㹻ůһŴҹԵޱʣȴûðմ˯
߽Ŵսǹ⣬ڴ顣
ͷŵĿ֦װζһǹ⡣
ڰ߿Ҫ˯ŵʱһĳˡ
Ȼĳ󣬽ӵǳű򿪣ûӵˮ
һӡ
߲ȥ·
Ҳ֪ڼžҹôô
һ˿˯ⶼûУɴӴҵţ磬ôû˯
ãҲһ±ζģûʲôζ
Ƿԭζˣô
Ҫϴһ㣬ȥа
ζͦߴ˸Ƿˣֹõ춼걳
һҴһꡣ
ǿŰ꣬۾ŹǷط˯ȥˡ
ڶ죬һߴߴ˵ѡ
Ӵְ˰ҵͷţˣ
ߣ
һԺ
߶ϸŷǼҲ֪ʲôʱʮˡ
ǰͬ飬Ҳߵͬ顣
Ǳűϴĳۻȹճ͵һխ
ֻųȹУЩϻÿʯϻŹӾµͼ
ڴΡ׹ۻȦ
Щװִ쳣䵱ǹһɫƤСϣСǻ˾ӵĿϵĸʱӾʢﵽ˶㡣
°ߵȡδǹУ˿ҲһƬ|εûز
̫Ưˣ
|ƯǽʵƯõ
վǰ
˹ߣǲһζû׼жȦ
ۻʯͷĥıۻöƯ
߻ûд׹Ǵˣΰɣ⻹ϴεĲĥɵķΣǲ̵úܺÿ
߱Χš
ְ˽ŵϹƷ
ûüܾͷϡϡֱѾһѶ
ÿϲӡ
ǲϻͼô׵Ƥͼϧˡ
ͼȦͺܺÿҾ˵ҵƯģ԰ɣ
߽ȦڴȥˣȻҪεʱҲһҪժ
ϿһЧЧˣȷɵֱԭеʱֱӴ϶á
˵ֽŵصƷȥˡ
кҳ緹
߼ࡣ
ϴεҰ⻹û꣬ɺѬ⣬棬ʱдˡ
Ҳһ˳һѬͰŽŶȥӱϴ
߻ûȥֱԭУҲһȥ
Ͱһ˱ʮƤȵֱԭеʱʲôֱƤȥ
ڱ֮ǰƷµĳۻȹҲһ
ǱɽýĴųڳ£߸߷ȥ
߻Ⱥм䡣
ʱѵǿ˲١
ˣǷɵЩ
Ⱥ˳Ųɼʱ򣬴δǷɵôô߹
ǷеʱУ̶̵öǺɳɵϣԵû켫ˡ
ֱԭ塢ҹͺ춥彻ĵطֱԭǽߡ
ǵʱ򣬼˻Ѿˡ
ʱĸȺ˴ɢѡʵλÿʼ̯
ߴӸ߿¿ʱ򣬷ָ˻ˣĴ
·̬һˣվԵøͦΡ
ͷŰǳӱߵ֡
Ƭֻˡ
غѸٱΣӱͳ·Ʒʼװ硣
߶ԴȤȱȱƬİԭİɫ
Ƕǳ죬±㰴֮ǰõģٴδˡ
ߣˡһ
ԱĵǹץŰߵĸ첲εĴΣϵϵ
߻ûü飬ϱѻȻһ¡
ļ򣬡Ҫһ£ۣ
˲˻ˣϲɫʣϲ硣
ͼ϶װסˡ
ͬ顣
һС翴ڶЦ
ߵ־ôҲ첻ȥֻЭ
⣬һӣߣȥ伯а̫ɽʱٵƬＯϡ
Χã
ƼЦųȥ䡣
ܿ˹·
ǻһ𣬸߸ȥ
ţܿͷֳɼԸȤĶȥˡ
߸棬ţ·ߵ̯סˡ
ҪǰߣתͷСģ㲻ٹ
ﵽˣҲûʲôΣա
һ̯ӹȥڰشԺͲɼȥĲ塣
ܶණѼʱ̯ĿĶͲô
һ̯ӹȥźطûʲôµĶ
̯˺˶ǳ飬ЩֻҪ࿴һۣͻὫԼ̯ϵĶ
߰־ܾûܾܾ
ֻƤƤȥôҪĶ־ò̫㣬ԥʱ屻һƬӰ֡
ƬӰ˸ߴ󣬼ػס
߼֪ܵ˭
תͷһȴʧˡ
վŵңֻһ
촩һɫȹ۴ۻɫׯϣ
֪úÿȴ֪ôÿĻõزһʱ侹ò˵
ⲻŮ⡣
ңһƷȹܴʦܳĵҪ
ãһҪ̸̸Ҳûʲôԡ
ǸͷһߺܿعҡҡԼԴͼˮγȥ
ݡ
ʲô
ٺÿҲˣѵ漢ʳֵز
˵Ҫ˴ֻѹķ֣ôȥФȥѹˡ
ң|һɨ
ôˣƽʱһʱ䲻٣ԶԷĳߴЩ˽⡣
Ǹߴ磬
˵ġ
뵽ȻĹ죬ˣغңкôҲˣ
Ҫǣҹ׼
ԱŰҪˣң˲ȥˣСһ˾˺û̧ͷ
ңѴ֮˰ߵ
ң뿪֮ٱ˲ϣæң˵ȥ׼ҲڼҪҪһ䣿
ڼԶԶ㣬صع
ң˵꣬˶٣˵׼ļƷϣܻȤĶ
G
߾ȵصԲ۾ʲôһĶҿɲȤҲһ
ΣӣǽҵһرϣҿӣҪǸȤĻȥ
ߴûôĵĽ͹ԵȤڹȥһˣ᲻᲻ã
ûʲôˣֻҪ˵ȥæˡ
ĵطڲԭңŰ߷ɹȥ
˷ɳУȺһһСɽ¡
ɽ°ʯͷ̳ϵڼ̳æµ׼š
ңŰ߹ȥû˵ʲôм̧ͷͶº͵Ŀ⡣
ԭЩº͵Ŀ⣬һ¾ͷ
ЦЦ
˾ˣ̳Ѿ׼ˣٿûҪ׼Ķ
˵һˣĿеŹ֣κһֿ
߶࿴Ǹһۡ
ŵһɺصϢʲô˵ֻʶ̲סֶ࿴һۡ
˻ֵĿ⡣
ң˵׼ˣʱ뿪ٹͿˡ
ǡ
ոջæµˣԶ˵¶뿪
ں࿴һۣԶ˲ʵص֧𣿡
ǡ׼ˣ˾Ͳڼ̳
ң̳ϵһСӣŵ߱ӵ¸Ҫ㿴ĶеǺˣ֪ǲҪҵĶ
ߴǰɫĿҲ֪ⶫʲô
ֻζеʶϵǹζ
̧ͷⶫ𣿡


41 
Ե￴, ֻǵϲٷŻȥ
԰߿ɷ鿴ϵѯʣң˵

ң˵ҹ󣬾Ϳ԰ϸˡ
һ¾Ц, Ͱͱôôңⲻ·񡣡
ʲô񣿡
Ǹʶʱ, ֱܻӰϴҡƫͷ, ۾ЦջصعΪҽΧ
ʱã˿üܸоԷȵĺ
Բ罻òΧ
ңȻ
ܲ, һ
ϻ𣿡
ò̫ʱ䡣
Ҹһȥ
㲻ǺԼˣ
˰, , Ҹһȥ㿴϶ŵЩûϹҵ, ҪңҾҪһƫƧĵطǲˡ
ңĿڰϡ
ɨۻ, ȦٵɫķΡ
Ƥܰ, ͫʺڵúܴ, ȴһȦɫڰ׷۾ʱ򣬷·𿴼˶ѩ
һ˫ر۾ʱ, ȴյķ绹ů
ңܺÿ
ţ۾΢΢, һӦȻǾܺÿ, Ӧþú׸
ʺ㡣
Ҳ, ҵð㲻֪ڼϵʱ򣬴һֱڿңҼƤˡ
𡣡
Բۣ㻹᣿㰡ΰͷˣʱ򣬻˺üͷ
ϥ΢䣬ңǰ
ңᣬΣȥͷϵ仨
ˡ
ϣæȥ㡣
߻صϡ
в
ܿͿ硣
صظ˵ϵʱͲȥˣҪңһȥ
ϸһֵЦݣӻ֣ʾԱ㡣
߶˶ϵļƤ
߼ϹȦ뻻Ķˡ
󲿷˶֪һ·ϲ˺Ҫʲô
Ҫָʵӡ󣬼ϸƯıʯɵĲëȹȶĿ
ü̯˵ʾҪЩ͸
ھϰعһ죬̫ɽʱȥ̳Ǳң
ңָ˿Ÿָܵĵڼ̳档
ߣֻüճߵͷ
Ϊ˲ܵ˾棬Ų˾æµ
̫ɽ󣬾Ŵڼ̳ǰظ裬Ÿֲӵĵӡ
ЩӴԶΧ۵Ĳǰһ
˶Χ̽ͷ̽ԣ߻Ⱥ֮Уۡ
ȼ
Χ۵½½ˡ
ڵߣϹ˼Ƥϥϣ˯
ˣ
ͷ
ϥϴ򻬣ˤȥæˣ
ȥҹϵˡ
ڣ
ǵ˯⳹ûˣ˭İ
ȥ֪ˡ
ϵڼ̳ߵš
ԶԶһϳζˡ
ǰߣȻһҩΪ
˾ˡ˳ңǷ㰲ţ֪λˣ
ңͷллϳ˵زûϡ
Ҳ֪ǽϣȴûоѯʣ˲ġ
߲ңӡ
ǧ֮⣬ˮΣҹ͸µĵطһƬƽԭҲǰ뵺ܲˡ
ҪǳǱߣǾͱȽˡ
ңʣ㽻׵ˣ
塣˾ٰ֪ʡ
лл
˺ǽ̸䣬ǻԼĲ䡣
ߺңʰʣڼ̳ϵļƷ
Զˡ
ϵϣڱӵţԭ˲ϣܾü֮⣬֮С
⻰ô˵
̽ͷңûˣϷŵңӵ£΢ѹһֽкϺر㣬ζһ
߸ң󣬽ϷŵԼӵ£ԽԽϤĺζͽ
㡣ҪҪȥ㣿ú㡣
첻ȥˣлû꣬켯кüҵһȣҴҪĶ
Ҫʲô
ˮӣĸ㿴ұ𲼣һ죬Ҳͻȥţûɣϧ
첻ü˾
⼸춼пգҪȻȹ꼯Уȥ˲ɣ
ңߡ
߳һЦ
ºͣá
ңʣȥǴȥ
ĸ˵У˾ͺáôãһû˵أǿȥ˵Ĳɣ
Զɵúۡ
ܼ֣㿴ô㣬ôҰ⣬ʳҲռ߰˰ˣû⡣ڲüںõʱȥ䣬ϧѽ
롣
߰룬ȼɢٻشҲ١ɫˣǲǸûȥˣ
ߡ
ңͰ߻ؼң͵طûأֱųˡ
ˣʱԺӵĻѱߣīüɫ˵ڼ¡
ߣˣôΧǲرࣿ
ѣҵüΧ˵
ǿɲǿʢװˡߣ˵ҵһߴ͵İ
ϲ
ôһ㶼˷ܣ
̫ˣ˷ܲˣǿ
߷±𣬴ӱһϳϸֿ
űһֽУʲôζ֣
Ͳ֪˰ɣرóԣ
Ǻܿŵӡ
ٺ٣ԺŪһ㣬㳢֪ˡ
ڲܳ𣿡
ȻܣôһСѣҵӡǸǼһչһչ޸ҡ
ȥ䣬˸չ޳Ҫչʲô
ݵӣܷܲѿ
߽ӹչޣ˶ʮڹˮû
ҷȥҷˣ¶ȱȽϸߣѿ
ƨ|ɺ棬𣿡
ԣҪǲУԺ취ڵֻ
ȥ߸ɴ˵ӡ
Ǽҵķӽֵ֮ͦãȿֿջʵ
ʱ䲻磬ݺӺȥ˯ˡ
ڶͲǻϣһȥֱԭС
סñȽƫԶ˶Ӹظ˹
켯ϵ˸࣬ƵĦࡣ
ȣϵҲ࣬˵ר
ˣϵÿһˣʢװ״̬
һȥĿ
ߡ
˺תͷһҹһС磬˵Ҫӣɲԣ
С˵һЦ¶һİ
קűĴ߹ȥһ۾ͿǰƲӲӵĵȣ¶ϲôôൾȹ
ǸʱǸģҶ̫ϲԡ峤˵ҪҰѵȴҪҪ
ҪҽƤͲ뻻ʲô
߷±𣬴Ƥ¶ŵĲ˿
Ƥһֻҵģһűһźʵ⣬Сĵ㣬Ƚ飬Ư˴ΣЩòġ
õȺ㻻Ҫô
鷳𵾹ֻܻһ鲣
Ҫһ鲣
ЦЦƤĲҲóҾʹ鲣һ飬ʣµһ𵾹Ƥӻ㻻
ǲ䲻ҪƤˣ˲Ƥ⣬ûбĶ
ҡͷ
СŴ˴أԥһ£ǻǻɡ
˵Ҫѵȸߡ
æסȥý
߳СЦһ£Ȼ𵾹ȣԺҪ뻻ȥǲ𣿡
СУ
ʱŵӣű䡣
ܿ죬ϵƤӺͲӺֻĸ
ټ𵾹ȣνء
ҹС翴ǰغ󱳶űϻǣʣߣҪҪȥҺܱġ
áһ|סҸ˳ӻȥ
˾ˣСæվкֿңЦɢˣ촽


42 
߷չĺܿ췢ѿ
ǵĲ, ðһɫСѿѿϡܿƬҶӽӵɰ쳣
߿, һϸ׵̬ճҶҲڴ˿, ʶ, Щζܺϱӵĺƣȴϱӵĺ
ϱӵĺȴ͵¶ȣǸܷѿ
һʶ, Ѿһİ硣
ҲѼ, ɶϱе졣
ǲͬһ֡
ԭΪ˻, û뵽ʶһ, ֻЩˡ
ϱӺⱲȷʵһˣѾͶ̥ʱʱȥ
ߵȺѿһ, ԵɽͷǱߣϣǳܸΧССĻ
ٻɫء
߿ŸڳС, ĺмֽ
˵һ, ⡰˶֦ͷǾĺˣйغʳƬ
߸оˮеƣ̧ͷҪ, ͵, Բۣˣ
, һ, ԼһۣûͺƤ
ݡ
ȻӦý˵ֿڡ

쳤˿ˣһͷɵɽȥҼ˾֪𣿡
ǲڱߣرԶ
ǰԲžȡǿ϶ҹѾ߸ˡ²³ʲôˣ
ˣ
԰㶼ܲµõҪȻٲ²ô˵ģ
ôأ϶ˡ
Բۣռ˾ǲ㣬ǰˣޣ֪ͼ˾ʲô㻹ƴţϸҡ
˾ôͷҪҸزס㵽ȥ
ȥˮ߿ı飬һԵӣҪ˵ûҶšˣ飬Ϊ飬ʲô
ҵܵܣǴ
ջĿ⣬硣
ңǱԱһ鲻˵ȥ˲ˡ
üͷ
׷ڰƨ|ɺλ˰ͬһλˡ
˻ԥֱԭнҲû¶ġ
˱Լȥһλˤ˳һλˤȡ
㲻֪ǳر𳤣Ǹˤȵģֱӷ۹ˣ˵Ϊ¡
֪
ݣ˭
λͦ񵤶ףֻͷûǵ죬ͻҪöࡣ
ߵȻôأǲҪڼ˾һʱ䣿
϶˵ôأ˭Ҵǻȥһûκãµзô죿ˡ
̾˿
ңһסȴ䡣
Լסһ䣬һΪ޲˻صظǵġ
ߵȥ
ȥǸ緹ˣ㲻˾˴㣿
Լ
æչ˲ˣпգ˵ķݣȳԵʱ϶Ѿˡ
ԣĳ˻üҶȥ
ҵ񵰻мÿ컹һֱ
߿൰ʳ̵˫Ƥ̡
ܼ˻ӭǴл
ȥ԰ӸһҰУ뵰Һκⶡȣֱչм塣
չȲǺܾȣݵҲȽһСĻըѣ嵰ȴ
չǰõĵҺȥ֮ÿӼŷ棬΢΢ƣŽŵ
ԱӣþûԵĵˣĺ㰡
кþã˵ǸĲҲһ
治һǸҶ岻ζ
ⶡŵò࣬Ҳࡣˣȳȳԡ
һ𡣡
ȥͼ˾һԡ
ðɡļųȥڳǰ̽ͷʣ˾˽ûգҪҪһȥɼ
ɼʲô
ò˶þͻѩˣѩһ£ȫˣãǶܵ㡣
߼ǳĴ󻧣Ǽﳣźü
ÿʣһޣرǣһ˴ð°
ڰĴ£Ҳ˳ķ糱ϲ
ҪĵζƷ̫٣ֻζζ׵á
£ζͳҪζ
ߵͷǴһҵȻ
Ҫ̫УҳȥιҲҪһʱ䡣
ߴӦȻҪȥͱӿٶȡ
Ѹ̯õϼͿٴһ̣װˣȥң
տңѱߣŵİζǾңζ
߽һɵͺ󣬽צץŵɵطڵϣһ㣬Σ˾ˣ
ң̧ͷ
߹ȥǸ͵һȥͿˡ
ǵƤǰҪһ㣬òͦ˶üͷ
Ƴһۡ
ߵǸùֱϰ˹̶ĹӣұߵǸùǴ|ȱ̶⣬ôòҲˡ
߿˿ڴɫĲҩңҲʯĥҩ֪Ϊ׼ҩġ
ߵңǰƤӵ´˸ָǴ緹Ƕ緹ûУ
Ȼԣңһ˿Ц⣬˭˵˻
Ҹ磬˭ѹҹæ˳˵æǵóԡ
á
ҽɼȥˡ
עⰲȫ
ｻ̸꣬߳ŵ˻ӻ֣תˡ
ĿıӰ뿪
ңҩվһҩ
˻˵ɫ˲ͱˡ
ˣҰĽѾࡣ
ߺͬɵǳȥɽ
ľǹľҶӶ˴롣
ǺܺңС͹ľּ䵽ǣҶ֮¶֦ϺɫĻɫǳñϡ
ȥ
ֻˮСôƤͦרų֦Ĵм䡣
ǲʱͦҪɡ
ߺͰ֣ר϶һһһһϸָ裬ûһ˵һǳǳ
߿ϸĴ̣˵ͦá
ǼҪŪ𣿡
ﲻãŪȥҰԽҿڹȿһ
ɵסͷ
ס͵סܵסǵĽŲѾͦˡ
ԽԽƻС
ɵһʱɴɻؼңרŴ˼ʯ׼ڡ
˵꣬Ա߶
ʹ춼ľĺʱֲԿҪֳˣԺǲͲôԶĵطɽιʱ˳һѾͿˣá
ɽҰУڻȥּꣿ
һ㣬һ㣬ɽȣֻûҪ
ǳɼٶȾ
Ѿɵ㹻ͷǣǻûɵֻǵѾкܶ
ֵ˵ʲôأôֿʼˣ
˵һȥֵ֣ˣȻȥɡ
ȥʲôѽҲûʲôһڡ
ǣֻ˶ʱ䡣ҵڣһ곤رǳģһΣˡ
Ǻ飬æ
ǶǳҲûһᣬͰæһѡ
ߺͰһû취ôȥҾһץһãֱӷɻȥ
ǲǰȥ˳ְ¡
߿ɽȳһƬЩʱش󲿷󶼲ˣԽ
ܻҶӣɽȿڵľդҲ㹻סǡ
ллˣߣǼңҺ̣
ۣȣܷų𣿡
ݺݵطţ

ߺͰŻǻؼңǼҲнҵطˣǼҵķӺԺӣж¶Ľ֮ɫ
ûǳ֮ǰ˭Ҳ벻Ӿʲôӣǳ֮󣬴ҲŷַӱѺöˡ
ʵůࡣ
ವ죬סڷ˯ڴϺסоȫһ
סϻܱ紵Сѣʵڲһַǳõľס顣
ЩѾŻпյʱҲҪѧߵӣʯͷߣӵķӳ
߼ڶֻĸһֻĸԲ̣ÿܼһޡ
Ǽ̣һ޸ңʣһҳԡ
ϵ˷ڹûꡣ
ʳԣ߱úܴ󷽣Һһ㶼
Ҳֻа߼С
ССںţǳϧ
úȣҲҪҰҴһֻĸ򡣡
ҲҪ˫Ƥ̺ͽײ̶óԣڼϻ˺Щϧû̡
Ὢζ˲٣ϲԵҲ١
ЦˣҼҲһ㽪ҪŪս˿
Ǹս˿ôŪģϴҳˣúó԰ҾŪǸζôζԡ
ǸҷһȥȲݺһĹ֭һۣζûô塣
ԭô
аôɶˣƽʱ趼Էһ㣬ζܲһ
ҲԷ𣿡
߻ûش
ſڣǲУ֮һһ飬û취ȡ
ߣ
԰̻飡
ͷ硣
۾ҲһʣôˣѵҲ´ˣҲԷ
ȻԣֻǲϣҾ˵Ҹоʲô£ԭ
ãȻʲô
̵һô
ߵ˲Ϻʹ죬롱վҺȻ뵽һ̵³Էһȥ̡
ʲô³ԷҲ뿴𣿡
ԣ³Է׼ʱȽϳҪȻҽҼҳԷ
Үߺϲ㣡
ǸҪȥæˡ
˵ɾ͸ɣһӵŰ߹ȥ̡
ǸողŹֲ̼ʮ˳֡
̼ˣһͰ̷ɻز䣬ص˸µչһˮϴһ¹ȻС̡
ߣҪ֭˺ˣ
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е̺ܿˡ
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塣
̵̿Ҩˮ
ʵǲǶŸ񰡣
ߣԽ̶ҲС
˵ŽʣµһŻϣµС
̶ˮٶȱȶö࣬Ҳ
ɾĿӣһ̶Żع
һ̶
Ҫ̺ˣ̶˿
̶Σ̣֮һΣ̶ųһ⻬ӡ
ӲСš
ľƬиһ飬ϼˮ
Уīˣڳģ֪óԵˣЦŹæ
Ͱ̣һһС̶
ȥԺˮϺ
ҰϺƤŵʯࡣ
߽￾ʯרҳϺ񵰺̶ٷʹлŵʯϿ
ʯˢͣϺһ潹һŴҧһڣζʮ㣬ŴԽﻹ˿
һȺڻǰһһڣԵᶼˡ
ΪϴεѾóˣû뵽ܺóԳӡ
ߣæóԵĸҳ԰ɡ
Ҳ԰æߣ֪Ҹ𣿾Ǹرߵβʿҿ԰͸㻻óԵ𣿡
ޣֵʲôأ
ޣ㻹ǲֵˣôܸ߲ܸң
ޣҲ֪ʲôޣҶ㣬Ҳһɣ
Ҿô˵һ˵
ҼЦģҹƺʳͻЦů
ЦŸ˺ʳ
Աˣ⿾һԱߡ
ۼ⣬ײײͬؿڣüŪ۵ʣߣ㿾ô࣬𣿡
ûȻ͵˾ˡ
ม
Ǽ˾ô˵ȻʳȻҪһָļ˾ˡ
ʵֱ̫ˡ
ߵı黹رƽرֱ׳
㿴ңҿ㣬ܾﲻԡ
վȻᵽˣ˾ȥɣ˾Ͳóˡģٻ졣
С㣿ȥˣͲ֪ʲôʱŻˡ


43 
߼ңʮֽ
ʳɵңǱߵʱ, ʳﻹȡ
һңðԴ
ǳˣǿȥ͸, ߵʱ۾ˣſѱ߸˵غͰߴк, , Ϻã
Ǻã˾𣿡
棬˾ʳ𣿡
ߵͷ, ۾Ѿң߳ˡ
ӭȥѹ, ûǷҷر⡣
˵۾գգ
˵㡣ǵ˵
, ȸСһݡ
˵, ָָλ
СģԴѱߣָǣЦһڰ
ңü΢, û˵ʲô
ߵңóһ̿ͺ͹, ȥС硣
ңãһۿŵϣǶѬֻϡϡ
ʣµѬִֶࡣ
ңüĲ֪ɿˡ
λСļ治Ѭ٣Ҳ, ǵ档
Ѭ⻹, ǵ׵ʳ
Ҿô, ȷʵû취ÿݼ涼һҡ
˳λСѰȵĽкۡ
ʳȥʱ˱鶼̫ڡ
ѰӣŶСϼ˾˸ʳ
ҲϳʳѾܲ˼ˣϲٳʳ
ʲôöˡҲԺȣǵкô
Ǿ͡лл㡣
ԣҼ˾˵顣
ңѵһ֧ӣľǰΡ
Ѱͺ˵ĵطʮԶСЩ˵ӦòᴫǱȥ
߻ǰһø뵹ϰݺͳۣζͦ
ûУ
ûԱҪٳһ١൥Կܻе̣á˵ѰͺҪã
һѹ
ᵽסûٹң֮ڶˣͦڡ
ңס쿴ǰܹؼǻȥҶ¹ͷᡣ
컹У㳤⼸пվ͸͵㷹
Ҫ̫ࡣ
ҲǶٶٶͣҪкóԵľһ㡣ó԰ɣ˿ҡ
ǰû
ٺ٣ԺҲµʳƷǰûа£а¾Ͳ̫ˡ
߳ͱˣңʣµİԲ
꣬һںȵʣµС֭ʱ䲻磬ҵûȥˡ
㡣
ôһ³͵ˣǱȥ
߽յȥѰͺûӡ
λ˽˸⣬ϲСϵҶָˣǽһɾ
ߵĿͣһ˲
ۺѰˢˢֺˡ
ŭؿŶԷ
߿Цó԰ɣҼһвٺóԵģ´ˣԴһ
Ѱ֣ؿڣлл㣬Ҹ첲ˣҸ
۵ߣҲȺˣһ㻻óԵģҼ˳
Ǻúˣϣպ
߸ˣֺңкΣһȣץɽ·ȥ
Ӻǹص˼ҡ
ʳ㹻ůŵĺ磬߲һ㶼ûÿֲ˯ø
ڶһ磬ˬϴץ࣬Ը˵Һüûȥˣ֪Ҳ԰ôˣҵȻȥ˲
̧ͷϦ㽽ˮ϶ˡ
ҲȥҵĶӳòˡ
ӻ֣ҸոιˣչˣֱȥС
缷̻Ҹľһޡ
ľ峤µ游ߺϲλˡ
ʣһޣˡٴȥʺˡ
Ҵһ˳µķݣȻо̫á
ʰöװ̵ĹӺװмٺһ𣬱ÿݲ϶ʡ·ϻȥ
߷ɵʱѾ󲿷˶ȥԲɼȥˡ
ֱȥľ
ľͼɹ̫Ƥ·
ľһأЦųǴкҴ̺ͼҳ
ľվľգôָǴʳ
Ū˺óԵģ˳Ǵ㣬ҳرӦҧö
ǵóտ϶
Ƿͷ飬Χһԡ
һС߬Եر
м䣬Цǽ顣
һᣬ߸ǣҪȥԼԭĲ԰￴ˡ
ľסϴҵƤӣҲһͰ˫ѥӣ㿴ϲϽš
ľ˵Ż˫Ƥѥӳ
˫Ƥѥһ˫Ƥһ˫ƤƤֺⷭܵëˢͣˮ
ߵ̲סЬԴ
ůĸоӽŵ״ԭ˼Ǿϲůľá
ľЦļ򣬡ңٸ
ллľҸյЬӿ϶Ҳرˣ
յ鰺òС
ŸԼǰѱߡ
һߵĲ˵ػ
ҰСӡ
ǲסǻǰϵúܺãݶûС
һ˿ȥ
ҰгãӳһƬ
̫ܵĴҶ˰
Ҳòƽ껹ڲˣҪڡ
ð߾ϲǶӡ
һԶܱҰʱҪá
ٹʮ죬Ϳ԰Щӿȥ
ڵתһȦ˲ٶԻȥ
ڶӻûȫ죬ÿԳë۵ëŵȥȲݺΣ΢һ󣬾һʳ
ë߸ɴժ˵۵Ҷ⡣
ڶӶˣҶһ磬˻ȥųԡ
ڵæµһææչС
ȥɼǻڣ
ߣûȥɼ
ٽˮվǽù簡
Ҳʱ㻹Ҫʲôæ
ãæˣǿЪЪףôˣ
߽סǸʶֱĨ촽һĨѪӡֱϡ
Լ⣬ͷ򡣡̫ˣˡ
촽ҪҪͿ㶫
Ϳ˵ͣûʲôá
һ˵û취궼Ҫѵģһͺˡ
ãԽԽɡ
ҶʾҲû취Ȱʱͺá
ֻøʱ⡣
ʰ԰ӣض顣
Ҳˣרߵǰϸ˿
ڵһ㿴ʲô
磬촽еɡ
ֹеɣȻǸҳ
Ͳûã
ûʲôðĨϻ壬ܱȲĨðɣ
ûˣ
ʲôֻˡҪܣʱ쵽ˮһһ㡣
߰ڰ֡
촽ʱûѣǿѿСӣоеܡ
ۿҪѩˣԽԽ
취󴽸


44 
, ߴˮȥң
úƹƬ֪ϲϲζϲĻ, Ե񵰳硣
ζر㡣
ʣô㣬һݺĲˡںûг֮ǰ, ҪԵ, ҵǡ
˺һҾʹȥ
һ¡תͷڵһۣǰ, ۾ңѹ˵, ۷𣿡
ʲô
ң棬۷һ顣
۷֪ܺ, ϶ܲ|ۡ
ңüͷ
˰, ԰˵˵۷Ӧ˽ĵط
۾ᡱһҲǺԶôûȡۻ
ǰȡۡȡ۵ʱ˲Сıݵ˱, ȥͺ׻ŧ, Ӷõˡ
۷ô᲻ǱݵСĸȾףӲõ
̫Ǵκᵽ۷䶼£ûԹȡۡ
ü
󴽸ôãҲֵð˵Σȥȡ
ңʣҪʲô
ҽ쿴촽, ȡ󴽸ࡣǰסĵط۷䵹ͦöԸ, ˴˺졣
Ը۷ķ, ȫûע⵽ԼˣѾֱӰлǰ
ңҲû˱ƣɸһ㣬Ⱥݲǡ
˵ǿԿǣ
ȥ
죿Աùܣ
ǲҶ¡
ȥҵ֪Ѭ۷ķǲ֪Ը۷ûáоѬ˻ðա
ߺң˵ãؼҺͼ˵ڶҪȥԶһĵطɼϻȽ
ȥ˭ȥ
ʵ˵
Աֹֺͼ˾ȥôԶĵط
ˣҲûʲôʵĶ˵ȥڴԲɼȥײȥ
꣬ҲȥڴԲɼ
Ҫ£ǿ϶û⡣˵ˣűȽ磬ҪϢˣĲ˺տһ°
ҪȥɷĵطȽԶڶ컹û߾ˣϺƤףŪʳװȥң
ʱкëëһ㶼䡣
δϺ·Ҳ䣬ڱ仯һСƤ·ʱֱ򺮲
Ҳ̫ˣ㿴Һаˡ
˵ͷһң
⼸ѩңһˮȻͲˡ
ԸҵĳҪûôԵ㣬׼
ȥ˵һ
׼̫֮ǰų˲Ǹȥ
Ҫȥĵطڴؽĵط
طȽԶϴҶӵĵطԶңûٶȣֱȫٴŰǰ
ߵһ֪ңʱܷɵô졣
òȶȫ̱ңķǰ
мʱΪ̫磬˯ˣ˺ܾõҲûô
̫ûееʱǾ͵˵ط
˵ɽΪ磬һƬԭ
ߵĲԭϲȫǲݣ滹ŵͰ
ңŰ߷ɵط
߼һʱͷҵ۷䡣
ԭܼ򵥡
۷ͷʵֲ̫̫ˣ
Щ۷һֻֻСȸô󣬷ƨ|ɣȫڣβܳ
Ҫ״Ͱ߼е۷״ȽƣԶͿԵķ䳲治ϡ
Щ۷ڷ䳲Ե÷ǳæµ
߿һֻֻ۷䣬ʿˮߵң˵ǵ취
뵽𣿡
ֻ֪ҪѬʱûͷ
ǾѬ
ô򵥣
ҡͷһָǰĲݣ㿴ݶݻˣѬĻҪһƬʧɣҪ˻ᱻ۷ݣԶˣʵ̫󡣡
վȥ
Ҳ˼Һһȥ֮ǰ˵Ҫֻ˵еѡ
ë۷ݲҡֻҪ̫䳲̫ΣաһȥȺģֱӷߣͲôˡ
߶ң
ңӡ
ȷû˵ѣͷȥݣ׼ȻѬҪõĲϡ
ãͷж
߳ʯȥݡ
죬ԭϵĲѾɵòˡ
ݾѬȴȫǸɲݡ
ɲһûˣûʲôЧûݡ
һȦֻҵ𣬸оûҹֻҶ֦ò޴Ѭš
ңǱ߶ܿ죬һͰѷ˳
·ѷӿһɳ
ԶԶţĸпϸ¿ףݾʱġ
벻ܱңȥ
ߺˣ߳ң󺰡
׼Ѭˣ
ԡȰѲݾӵţֱץŷɵȥ𣿵ٵ̫Σˡ
㡣
߼Ӧóӣݾš
ݾݺҶһðŨ̡
ˣȿȿȣСԼѬ
վԶЩȱΣȻҰѲݾһȥϷɡɸЩ
ãСİ
ߴӦ̱Σų߿Ϸɡ
ңҲΣ޴˫צͬʱץסݾɵ䳲ڵǿϷѲݾȥ
ӵü׼ݾ¶ţƮֱӽ䳲档
۷̼ܵ˵طɳ쿴
ңץһݾ׼ȷӵ¿ճǸǡ
ݾһΣճŨ̽䳲ȫ档
ֱʱ۷ڷңڹǣŭˣ̡һ´ӷ䳲ɳһƬƣң˹ȥ
߷ڸ߿У龰һণңϷɡ
ң죬ʱͷɵ˰ߣŰߵĵطɡ
һ۷׷
߸оԼⱲӴûɵô
µһ㣬۷ƨ|ɿ϶ꡣ
ңɵúܿ졣
߱ţԽԽߡ
ͷ¿ԭ޴ľѾ˺ڵ㣬߾Ǻķʪİơ
ɣХһԶ
۷ǵٶȣҲɲ߶ȣ׷׷ţӵ۷ԽԽࡣ
أտҲ۷ټ
ųڸ߿ͣһңȥ
ңѬˡ
㲻һ
ģֱԼһֻңǡ
Լֿ֣ңĶǣٴιЦ
ңҲ¶Ц⡣
ʣԭ۷ô£ֲôҶԸȥɳۣ˵۳ʲôҧ𣿡
ҧ۳ϻҧҧҲûʲô£۷öԸöࡣ´δȥ
˵ˣ㻹ҪȥǱһˣȥ۳档
Ƿ¡
˵˵
ǻΣ䳲֮ĵط۲졣
ȺֹǵǺ̡
۷䳯µĲݾȥƴݲݾȴֻɥķݡ
ȺĹЧʼΧž޴ķ䳲衣
һɳһֻ˶۷䣬ŷȺԶɡ
ߵȿȺˣ̽ͷϸ۲죬ǲǿԹȥ쿴ˣƣ󶼷˰ɣ
ٵһ
վڲݴվһȺûзɻ˼߹ȥǿ¡
߽˿߲ŷеҪߡ
ԭΪֻף߽˷֣ס
޴ķ䳲󲿷֦Ҷ棬ģľ
䳲䳲һݡ
һμôķ䳲
Բ۾䳲Ҳ̫ˣ
ңʯһۣݸߣζ
ͺܺóԡ˵ſµλƺɫ۵ķ䳲ʿˮӹһСۣ
һѹķȫӿ
۾
Jɤӣ
۾ɴ
ķ󣬵ζźǳһᡣ
ͬʱζڿǻڻе΢ࡣ
ζ֯һ߻ζ
ֱִӾ޴ķ䳲һС飬Ž۾
óԡ
ǰĹͳҲܺóԡ
ɹдᡣ
ֻǳ𣬲ֵز
ֻзۣǼµJɤӣ𵽹֣ȴպõǷݿ
Ҹ
һתͷԼı𣬰յ֪ʹСͰˣñװۣ֪©߶١
ҪȥժƬҶӵ棬СͰࡣ
ھȥȥأʡ۷Ȼַɻˡ
ڣܾˣûôɻ
иҹζ࡭
ĺңӡ
ңûĻȴе˼˶٣ھȥ
ڲԭһҵһóŴҶӵ
޶СҶժҶӲطŵһ׵СͰ
˻ȥ䳲
صһС䳲Ʒ
䳲ûʲôرζķۺʣһȷеķ
γŵĿĴɣ
䳲ô沢ȫǷۣϴһƬӼ
ӼҲԳԣ
ǴȥСĽӼһըըִ࣬ΣȳԣǸζ
ʿˮ
ңһһŷ䳲
䳲Ѿˣδ۷䡣
Щ۷һĹ˲СıݵҲˡ
߽װ룬̽ͷһߵңˣȻ͸һ۷ɣ
Щ۷ֻܾˣһ»
۲۷ĲƷҲǵĿһЩ۸ǣǲȥۣȫȹ졣
ʲôҪһߣ˵׼
ػңģȻʾ䣬ȴǿ϶
ңͷҪķɹ𣿡
ˣҪ໹üӱĲϣ㹻ˡ
ȥȱΣѱұ
ܱ
ұٶȿ죬Ǿ֮ǰϻȥ
Բˡ
ܱطеĻȷʵҲ̫С
ڲǳǿʱ
ңͷˣȥóԵġ
˼ϣ֮Żص䡣
Ŀȫ͵߼ңò۹˳ãٷһңȥ
߼Ҹ˷ڻߣŷһûһغ͸졣
һСƷҲ̫ó˰ɣǰ֪ⶫ
īʱǼֻ˭ַ档
Ҿ˵ôóԵĶҪǴҲµĻ϶ŪˡǼ˾
߳ŷҶظңʺƨ
ߣǽôײ۷ģǵط۷ûʲôرĲۼɣ
࣬ûʲôرļɣ˾˼ոǿһ˾ͱȥǵˣʵʵԳ۰ɡ
ػش꣬˵ײصȥ۷䣬Ҫ÷󴽸ࡣʣǸǸз
󴽸ࣿҾ˵ôͻȻ촽ɲɣͿ촽Ӱ
ټӵĶȥסˡǸǼﻹ𣿡
аӣҪĻҸȥá
ͺ֮⣬ûбʲôͣ
ûˣҪʲôͣȥŪ
ˣͰɡȶԸһ¡
ģҪͺͷһ𣿡
ࡣ㿴̫ˣ˯
æһ죬ֹʮִ̼òС
ӻֳȥ˯˵ˮȥԡϴ衣
ѾˣϴûϴôϸֻǼ򵥳ϴһ¾ˡ
ϸˡΪˣڱֹ˵֡
˵һʲô⣬̫ˣκһⶼ̸ʡ
飬ֻǲˬ
Ͳûйͬԣ·УҲý͡
䣬ֻңˣΪһҲһϴĹ̥
ߴǷԡӣ|һƤЬȥ˯
ҺýѲ֯ˣȻϴ趼㡣
󴽸ʵں棬ڶһԺŰߣȰ˵ҽˣ緹ҲˣǸȥȥιûʲôҪ
Ȼ󣿡
ҪҪץʱ󴽸Ū
ˢ磬õͲﻹ𣿡
Ҳ֪ҹȥңҪã
ҪȻװ󴽸ࡣҪûлͲҼСľҲУҪƴ֡
аɣҸҡ
䣬һͨܳˢİ˵ûС
ôûУ
һֲ磬κжûУȥСӣﵹмǣҪ𣿡
ıǻֱԭϻġ
Ư˶ľСûеֿ
һСϻӡ
ԭһߣκΰûȤͶ˻ҡ
ԣҳϴɾˮһ£ɡ
УǻҪʲô
ƽʱ˵ǿ鲼Ҳҳϴɾһ°ɡ
˸ûơ
ˢ˵㶫æ
۹˷ۻ󴽸࣬ʵûʲô
ֻСϵʱ䣬߾͵õһͰ
һСչڻȻ˰ͽȥ
ȳֽ裬ȷѾڻһ󣬰߰ǵֵݵĲ֭ȥٴνȡ
ŪĳƷһС档
䣬Сķܿˡ
ǳһ̲ǳɫĸ״
оʮ棬ͺ𣿿ֱ𣿡
ͿԾ֪ˡԼСǣζӦܻͦӭҴϦǡ
أ
Ҹ˾͵㡣


45 
󴽸΢, һССĹ
ңǸСǣûʲô飬ȷǿ޴롣
Ϳ촽, ϴɾ֣һ촽ͿȣҲֱһ
˵⻰ʱ̲סЦ
Ŀ䵽ң촽ϡ
ң촽ƫ, ƽʱź
󲻳ȥ״ӡ
߿ùһУСĴָһ, ͿԼ촽ϡͿȻ΢̧°չʾ, ͿһȦУͿ촽Ͳˡ
ңһ٣š
ǲƻ󣿹Ϳ, ˭Ҳ֪ġ
ûǻ¡
Ϳȥе, Ҫǲϲָоٸһԭζ, һ, һУһ㡣
С
Ҫǲϲ, ȷָ, ٸ
ңһ, ̧ͷ
˵ŻͻȻͣסͷ, һ, ô
ҪѴջȥ
߻ûüش
ңù, Ҫ͸˭
̫ʡ
ߵԲ۾װдıպã͵طӦûùĶˡ
˵ҪǲϲζջȥԼãٸµġ
㡣ңһ˿Ц⣬ϲζ
ȥʲôʱѧῪЦˣ
ͻᡣңֻǲʺϺʹ󲿷˿
ˣֵܡ
һĴ໹ͦ࣬ϵˣһݡ
ͣû˶
˺ˣߵͣκʾôֻ࣬ܵ´ҵ˵
ٴҵĻ
˲ˡ
߻صУ˴á
ѾˣڰǼҾѵ档
Լ괺ʽΪ¡
ڳΪ֮ǰӥסһʱ䡣
ͦûˡ
ң˵Ͼͻѩ
춼ڴǱߵ¡
ץԭľ׮ľͷСݡ
ôõ󣬻ָǹ꣬ʱ򹦿һ
࣬Ҫݣ㣬һʱæýŲմء
ؼҵʱ춼ˡ
Ⱥȿˮͷϰ˪ˡһæ˱ˮȥæ
һںȸɾˮ룬ãæˡ
æˣ첻ýβ
βˣһʣȱʲôѩûȥڵ㡣
˵ԼҪȥ˵лл͵Ĵ࣬ʱǼ͵͡
եͰ
Ͳˣȥɵ㣬Ȼѩһ£¶Ƥˡ
ߺһڰ˴֣ĺָϼв䣬ˢˢ
ѩƤѾʼѣ⼸춼󴽸ǿԸһ¡
ϻ˭һͣҪȥɣһ
治ææĻȥɾУʱ϶Ƿݡ
æҶæˣʲôæģ˵˰ҡ
ڱֵ˵ǲǲҪȥɽɣ
ɽ߻ͷ硣
ͷԣɽեҲࡣ
ЦǵطɾԶˣǽ˯ȥء
վǸˮ𣿡
Уǰ㱸šҰᵽԡȥϴ㣬Ͼˡ
Լ磬ϴϴ
ϴϴꡣˣ㲻䰡
ˡ
߼ȥϴ衣
ϴʱĺָļӴϣƤۡ
̯ŻǵİĻ⿴ֲڵƣѾһ˫ϸͶ֡
ˡ
Է˯𴲡
µһ졣
߸оƤӶճסˡ
ǿƿһ죬۴ɫԽİ˵컹ţòôɣ
ʱ䲻ˣȥ̡
֮ٺң΢һᡣ
Ȼȥˣ㲻ȥҲ㹻
ҪȥһûɽлҾˡ
ůʵֱõ¡
䶯꣬򢣬ȻҪû𴲣ٽһҺˡ
۾һգʱˢˢߣһȺ˳ʱ춼͸ˡ
Ѿѣ̽̽¶ȣ֡ݡһİ̾һƤĶ
ĥһᣬڳƤ£ľƤѥ߳ȥ
ǵȶˣôûң
̧ͷһָϵˣǲҽС
ô䣬˯Ͷ˯
԰̫󣬷Ƚ
û£ߣȳ緹Ļᡣ
߱ǸЦЦǳû
ˣǼҵ̡
ǵһᣬҺܿ졣
ˢϴȥ⣬ܹҲûõʮӡ
һϴɾ֣ٺһ̣һһˣ߰ɡ
ҽϵƤЬһŽɽѸٱش˫һŵأųɡ
Ƭ̺һȺƶ㣬ƹңڵɽɽȥ
ȵĿĵأ߲֪ΪʲôɽΪɽ
µɽӦɽһƬɽᣬŷǳۡ
䵽ɽϡ
߲ŷ֣µһңչĴЩѿЩδ൹
ɽ࣬ľȴ١
ǹľĹӣһɽصΪռ䣬øⷱï
Ƿͷȥժ»ະһҪ̫Զ
ȥǱߡ
Ǹ򡣡
˷С
ߺͰҲ˸
߽ƤµתͷҵһסҶдĺƤӣӡ
ȭͷ󣬶ѳ϶ܿںɫʡ
;Դʡ
ſò
µĲݻҾϺõķϣ볤ò̫ܡ߽뱳УͳƤûã
ʲôãǰҲԹζãŷ࣬йɹζ
һ
˵͵ôһ뵽һ㡪
תͷûˣ֣ʾƫͷȥ
ɻ󣬡ʲô
˺ô֪ɣе˺֮Ҫõ͡
üŪָۣ߱Ȼ
߲̫붮
𺳡
ŰĶΣߵԼʲôҺ
ӴⲻǶյߣѹصǸе|ֳǻȽСӲ|ɽȥʹ


46 
ҪҪϲо
Сǵĺֵ̫|г졣
ûС˵ľʲô, æӦһԣ
תעҲȥҵϲоˣ
һƬñ˻, ȥ껹ûе, ֪ʲôʱôһƬ
˷ܵԶңң, ۶Ǻ, ôãǵһֶ
磬ϲоó𣿡
𣬾еӲ̫ҧ
ֵϹȥ
߿һƬľ
емľľӣɫ֦ҶӾѴֱӳ
ǵʱ, Ѿʯѣ浭ɫľо
ֵи˽ľоݹˣϲоر𡣡
ֽһ
ϲоһ, , һߦƵ, ΪͦҲͯʱеֽ𹿰ߡ
ߴϲоԽԽӲ쳣, ⶫܳ𣿡
㳢֪, еӲ
߽Žɵؽϲо, ԡҧһ¡
ûҧ
ݡ
оԼһھСˡ
ۡ
ϲоó˼ؿɫľͷֿǰϲоˡ
飬ϲоеӲ
еӲѵòӲ
еӲ˰ɣ
۾ҧֲü
˵ſ죬ϲоһˣաһҧһС߿
Ȱ߿ֽ꣬ϲо
ٿһֻۣϲоΪϲоʵΪ򹷹ľС
ойͷûôѡ
ûҧ
óһϲо涼ӡˡ
һ¸ӡ
ҧôûܳɹҧ
˵һСһСڣɹҧһ飬ӽ׽ڣÿ˶εϲо
߿磬Сô𣿡
ķ۲һ㡣Ұҧһ
Ƴ۰ϲо˵ҧһС飬ʾԼá
߷֣Ҿôһ£øҳ
Ц
߿СҧϲоĩˣһڿҧüΪɴ䣬̲סѵ̫Ӳˣǻҧһ㣬ҪǰŪˣûطˡ
û¡һҲͳôһΣˡ
СӾˡ
Ⱥ˵Ψһûϲоˡ
ҧʮְϧԼݣԼ
һƬϲоģͦ󣬴ҲͿһһû취ȫꡣ
߼ǿҪߣЩ۵תͷ˿ôϲоﰡ
˵ģԶ˷
Ƿò׵ʳ̫ϧˡ߿ⶫռֱ߲ȣҪȻȥժҰǿɡ
Ҫ
ȥ취ܲô
ϲݸȻûоӲҲͦÿֻʯͷ£Ҷ⿳
ôһƬҲû˸
߷±һ꿳ȥ˰磬ŽһƬϲоȫܹ꣬Ҳ͵ʮ
Щϲоڱպý
ɵûطţֻһַıһСȥ
ض顣
ֵС飬Ǽҷȥ
䵽֮Ⱥˮ
̯ɹɹʰߣЩϲоҪô죿
ЪһЪһˣǿһζΡ
Ȼأ
Ȼˮ󡣡
ˮôϲоˮҲỵɡ
ܲŨǿ顣
ʲô
һý͵⡣
߼ϾʽŪ
֪˹Ҿ֪Ҫ˵䡣
߱ϻͷҲһЦпսôֱ࣬Ӹɻ
ֵһ̱һߣľϢ
λһͿ⸱ӡ
ǵջ񣬡˲ϲоߴİɣ
Ĵָ
һϲоҧһڣֳһֵݸ£ˮãϲо𡣡
ҲΪںɽϣر֣ͳرʴ
Ҫʲôرĳʳ𣿡
һ¡Ҫһû͵չǡ
īסϲоˣһ£û۶ϣϲоҪôŪֱŵչ󣿡
ǵչ̫СˣҪСΡֱīЦҰС¡ҽ쿳˰ϲоֶˡ
߰
û˵ѡ
ʯ̫ˣôӲȥϲݸ˵˰죬ʹֺףһ۵òС
īƳһۣøצһ춼첻ֱüͷ´ţҰȥ
ллҿɿӳһСξС߱˸ȣһһ㶼ûϵҪչҪŵ¡
īɻȥľԺˡ
˵˴ö࣬䣬ֱӽϲоΡ
߸оʮѿϲоһͱȫˡ
īñϲоװˣҪʲô
ʲôȥϴһ£ͿԿʼˡ
߽ϲоȥӱϴϴɾ֮󱳻ŵչ
ǵչЩϲое࣬Ŀ÷ֳ
ûرʳû֣񽻸ˣԼԺ˸רĵϲо
ϲоˮɫÿ
һ֭ҺչڵӣжƵġ
߶ſһһѳƵ˳
ģϲоģⶫܷŵȥ𣿡
̫Ӱ졣
̶УЧ֭
ϲоӦҲаɣ
˵˸ӣҨһŵչ
һȥ֭ҺɫǰжһİҪÿöࡣ
ã
ҲУҲ¶ˡ磬ҰѴľù
Ҫ
ڵÿʼͣˣҪȻ׺
֪ǲǴѾŵ˵´Ľζ
ľףĵؿʼ
֭ԽԽճ߽ϲо̳ŵȻ
أˮˣչʣһϲݸ࣬Ѿ̫ܽöˡ
øɾĴӽϲݸ̳ˮϲо
һ˰ҹһϲо꣬о첲ĲУ̧̧ˡ
⻹м˰æ£ҪһŪŪһ̯£Լͱðˡ
ϲݸ𰡣Ϳ˰ɣ
ˣȲϲоһСһСɡ
ôҪ磿
滹֭СԵʳԡ
Ūһ£Ѿ㹻ˡ
½ձϣȰŪ˯ɣһ𴲡Ҫˣȥ˯һҲԡ
ʲôԣҺһԣһ˸ɣ𣿡
β
īҲû˯Ա߰ϴˢ
һʰ꣬Ѿҹˣ߻ˮȥԡϴɾ裬ſȥ˯
ڶ죬һ˶ˡ
ŹǷæµҹͶɹ
ϲݸ࣬ŷѾӲ
ߣϲݸҲӲˣǱϲоӲ
ƤЬŲӸ
û¡ȻͿˡ
飿
ԣһǳáȱ֣ʯϴɾȻŽȥʯá
װϲݸʱˢͣĤҲǳѣһģܰһϲǵ
ϲȥʯֱһϲѳɴССȵǿ顣
ѽô׾ˣͷ꣬п
ȳζô
ҧų𣿡
ҧųҲԣһ˱Ƚϲųԣ򡣡
߼ǣԼһ飬һ
Ϥζڰ߿ǻӿǵζϱӵӲû̫
ӲҪ˵Ļϲеζѳԡ
۾ϸƷһȷûץһȥλ׵š
Ǹǣ
˵ˣƵشȳԣ𴲣ˢٳԡ
ǿ㰡
תȥ
һһǿ顣
ǿķѣɵɫİ͸壬ʯ
һͳһ飬ûһᣬչĹңǻǡ
ȥһСϲǷŵ
ϲֱװ˰
һ£оͦз
ȵϰֻѼˣ
ϲصƷ
ϲоҲǷǳõʳ
֮ûôӲ֭ˮ
ϾͰǶһƿǴССԲڳǳ㣬ֱһһԸһ˻ܰ³
ϲоûϲô𣬵ǸͳԣԼҲ塣
߰ҲյϣϲоͲɹˣҵʳԣ갡
ԸҲһܺܿͰꡣֱץһϲо淽㣬Ҳҧö
ˣȻһϦǣڸľһ㡣
֪ˡأȥʲôҪȥ͸˾˰ɣ
˵أ
˵ǣһ֪㣿
īӷֵ˵ʲô
Ǹ˵һ㡣
Ӧõġȥɡ
ߵͷʰҪɹ죬ʲôʱեͣ
ֱӲեեͷ
ȡĹʣȥɹɣȻ죬ĩâݰŵʯͷٷʯͷһѹʯͷʹʹʯͷС
߻ե͵ʯʡ
Ȼ߲УǴҵͶǻһ㶼õĹ߶ϡ
⼸ãҪɹ죬ѩե
ҽȥѶӸҲ̫ɹһ£ҪȻѩ˸Ѵ
ֵĶ⼸ˣʱԿ
ɹһɹô򶹼ԡ
Ѿˣһ綹һ㶹
ţʳȥң
ңȻĲ
˵Ҳڡ
ΧһȦȷ治ڣЩεؽӷ
źʱʶתһȦȥֽʸԡ
ʶԼʲô󣬰һԼԴ
Ѿˣиƨֽʡ
ֽʣдңҲϲ
߳һźӡ
ת뿪
ؼҳ緹
緹ϱȥ￳ӡ
־˼ҵĶӹȻѾȫˡ
ԣԲĶӡ
Ϊˮر㣬ЩӱҰʱҪ
˲ЩȰ㶹ԡ
ѾĿ𵾹ˣӴ´࣬һ׷
ɶӣݣʹиǲݣææµµһ硣߰Ѷӱȥȥӹ¿ѳĲ԰æ
԰Ĳ˳úܺá
ܲԹܲѾѡ
ΪЩܲӣһֱûвɣϸɵ
ðժ
ֵܲĴҲǳ
дһ磬һзԡ
ඹѬ⣬磬
ߵʱһ۾ͿңҲڡ
ϲңıӰôˣҹȥʱ㶼ڡ
ңͷۺѰ˵òˣǻز䡣
¶˲õЦݡ
һڻȥˡ
ң˶٣·ϴֻ͹ǳ
ȥֻ÷ʣҸոջѬз˻Ȼзɡ
۽һԱ߲廰зʲôóԲ
ûش˾ķ϶óԡ
߿쵽ĻӲҭȥ۵磬Ҫпվ͹æ
ˣ˵һ䶼Ŷ
㾡˵˵ҾͲˡ
æһͷϵĶ߸Żȥ
Ҳ֣ǽһֵ
߶ңϸһǣ㳢ûУ
ûǡ
ʵϾͳɽϣҲֻǼ򵥵ļӹһ¡
˵Щ⡣
ҴһʱٳȥҿܲҵϲоڵǹҲ
ңҽҪ㻹벻ȥ˵Ĳ䣬⼸ãǿȥһˡ
ȥһֱ壬ȥܾˣȥȥȥʲôʱȥҪȥĻʰ
ȳ극ʰҲ٣ҪȥĵطȽԶ·ϲҪ̫Ķ
ͷ˵һҪʲô
·ξ͹ˣ·ٴ򡣡
ôȥ˻
ã·ϴС
߼ûгԶţҲԶҪʲô
ңⷽרң˵ʲôʲô
ġǽԱһ㣬ó
ҪҪҰæ
ԸæˣסɻֶŪˣһצӾۣٲ붯ˡ
ôң
̧ͷ
ôж
ûУֻǾ⻰е֡ЦЦҲǶصĳˣõ¶㣿˵ֻѣ㲻ֻѣҲûа鶼Ƶϵĵ
ʱ̫ҲǼ⡣
û⣬ֻû취ôֱ׳ز
ʱ򣬰Ѿɾˡ
Ĭֹͣۡ
߽ӹɾ˵࣬ʱûٲĺöٽҪóԵĹҿ϶⡣
ңɫºͣá
Ա߿ţܾ֮շǳ֡
ԱվţȴҲ岻ȥ
ֿһۡ
̫ˡ
Сʱ򣬼˾˾ѾǼ˾ˡ
ʱ˾ҲСȴѾǳƣ´ˣҲڼ˾ǰ˵
δ˾º͵ɫ˵ӣĳס
ԣǰûס
Űߺңɫǳӡ
ҲǴ𣬰ûߺңЦ
б˿ЦҲæ⡣
ѾΪһЦ¡
ܵܺͼ˾֮ģзͬһꡣ


47 ź
ңȥʱ, ɵֱߡ
Ӱӥ塢ҹ塢أֱӷɵĵ̡
ʱ, ϵǿ֦Ҷ, ŻһƬ
Ҷֲ, Ҳ̵úܰ
Ǳʱ, ϺʵɵëͽϼӲƤкܺõıůЧ
, , ӭźʱ, ߻Ǿ䡣
Щܴ͸ëķ϶, Ƥ
òװ磬ѡһӵĺӱΪʱĵط
߱, ϺƤ£æסĶ䣬Ҷ䶼춳ˡ
ңĶ, Ϳ͡Ϣһ£ȥԡ
ҰѴͷã̡С̧ͷЦ, 򲻵ҲҪˡ
ңĿºͣ򲻵, ȥˡ
ȱľǲ, ؿ֦Ҷ, һ, ܰ
ߓ˸¯, չȥ, ̡
ͬʱ, ںӱ߰ϴУ˼Ȱϡ
ûһңֻˡ
һֻһֻʡűӿоӹеøˡ
ǲҪƤ࣬ͷצƨ|һʣµĲֶС飬ôн⽴ơ
ȴչˣֱӽŨŨ棬ֱ
ûһᣬɫ߿ۣѾˣңһԡ
óԣۡߺˡ
ҹ۾ӵĵطܽȻҪҪƹȥ
ˣ̫ȥ
ȥѣ
ӣ´ȥɣ䡣ûн飿
μܡ
ıӮˣ
ҡǲ˺üΡ
΢΢ſ죬׼ȷ˵Ӧһ٣Ǵ˼μܡ˵ȻȥݷĲᱻϳ𣿡
ôһ˵ĻĺҪ
ңЦ⣬ǿܻץסҪٴ򼸳
һǸ棬һץʱһ㡣
ţ
쵽˵ĵ̣ǳ硣
߷ſƤŬɷʳһС롣
˸ܷĵطƤСһ·
ɽˮԶǴӰŵ˵ء
ߴӸ߿տȥ˵رҹ͸ڸӵǵĺӵĴӡ
ңûóȻ˵أڿмʾ⣬䵽طͰһ˹ˡ
վСϣҲ쿴
ֻˮ½ط˵ߡ
ˡңһ
߽עŵǰ棬ŷˮ¶Сڵ㡣
˵ͷ­
Ӿ߸ϡ
ԶԶңҾ˵϶һûôš
û硣
Ҫˣ㰲ȵվڰϣǴܰɣ
ǻ㶫
һһ˵䣬Ѿ˰ߡ
ǴˮվȫֻΧһƤƤȹ߽ˣ߲ŷ쳣׳һ׾ס
˲ͬǸ׳ʵƶɽ
ʶغһëˡ
°ԼҲһװ˶࣬㰫վǰǱܵؾܵв
˲ߵĶƵЦЦ
¶һº١
ңܣǳ峤׺ֵࡣ
ðСˣʲô
ߣҽߣģҲԽҰߡǵ䡣
ллǰɣӭǳأߣȴǻز䡣
ң֪ǲģҴȥ
ֹ˲𰡣
߳ЦЦΣң߿շȥ
׺ҲΡ
߲¿һۣŷǸΣǻɫƤľ޴Ľųޣее񳤾¹
ǵ֫ž޴룬Ϊ̫Ӵϸ϶ŵԴԵúСˮΡ
Բۡ
ľ޴Ϊʲôˣ
ֱǿðɣ
߶ŵˣˡ
͵׹ʮףŵౡһæ¿˼³
ңͷ
һʾԼû¡
˵ľ۾ӵһ뵺ϡ
ϵǸӲأû̫ŸָҶֲ
طԱȰǸոͣĵطůʪ綼ࡣ
ߺңȵϡ
˺һᣬ׺ظ˹Σ˷ɵҲ̫ˡ
ߺĿתתȥ
׵ǲﲻԶˣ߹ȥɡ
߽ͦԶǺﶼǼ˾˵Ľ
ûУʱǡǸѲߡǼ˾˵ӣҲֻ֪ͨһ£Ҫû˹ȥԹˡ
״ǰߡ
ߵð߿ʼ΢΢ˣ㿴˲䡣
סĵطȰӼªһֲ֯ϯӣһס
˾סĲдŶ
Ƥ΢ڵĳڸɻǣͶĿ⡣
תͷܡ
Ų֪ʲôʱ֯ĻҰɫ
һ߱棬Ųۡ
˳Ŀ⿴ȥǲõ
죬ڴܻһ𣿡
⣿׵òɣ
õšҼǰǳˮӡ
УǲҲûжҪҶӱ֯鷳úܣ
Ŀ¶ʧ
ңӻЩҶӵǣС
٣Ҳ֯ҪҶûô򵥣ҪǲĶط
ʲôᡣ
˵󻰰ɣҲ©硣
ץסᣬҪôܸ࣬𣿡
ɲУǲĶܡ
ҲУҲС
пһ£Ͷȥ̽Ŀ⡣
о˺쳣⡣
״ǵһ
Χ
ϲʱгĴСȥĴǡ
ң˵£ϴμʱ˹һְɫĶϣ˵ǴӿġٻһЩ֪ûУ
Ц嶼УôûУôûȥҿ壿
ǽȽҪǲȥҿ塣
Ҫ٣ô
ô
æӹͷҴ˲֪ǸвȤ
˵ţһֱŵıŲǰȡƤŵĲǿСģܴ࣬ʱˤ
ⶫʲô
ĥΣ߷Źͣԡ
ϸ쿴󻹸ߣòţⶫࡣͺϺõĹԲ飬ĺñΡ
˵Ż̧һĶǣ峤㿴һ½Ŀ׸
̶԰ߺң˵Եһ£ҹȥ
׺վĶ߹ȥ
쳤ӿǱߡ
״ȡĶ
ߺܿͷִִ֣һ˴|Ƶģм䰼ȥǸڶϥǡ
ôôź
ƫ쿴
Ƭ̺ȷˡ
ź
޴ź
ԽԽȷŲŲƨ|ɣŲңߣѹҺʶĶǰֽźʳ񡣡
ţȥ


48 
׿һź, ȥڶ
̽ͷ̽ԣⶫԳ𣿡
óԣȻ㳢
߼̽ĿԳôеࣿ
׻˰ѹǵ, Ƥȹһ, ˢһ½źƤ, ¶氵Ƶź⡣
߶ź⣬ȷʵ͵ϵź, 
һź⣬
߽ӹ, Ȳ쿴źĿ׶, ÿͦ󣬶ڣ̫óԵӡ
, źп, ζһЩ
߽ź
źеӲһ£źҧ, ࣬, е, Ǻܺóԡ
۾΢, , ܻźҴȥ˳
Сҹ͸弸뻻, ҶûӦ, ҲܵӦǡ
òҪĶ
ḻ, ʲôȱ, 
ңǣǳʲôʱôСˣ
ٺ٣ҲûãĺöѾˣǵĿ׸ʲô
߿ңֿס
׽˵Ǳ͵͵ǵĿ׸ǷˣͲǴһܵôˡ
˭͵ˣǿطǰزȷ𣿡
ǵĵطɱˣһŻǣﳤ׸Ҳʹ͡
ңվˮ
ֻԼƤȹһļ򣬡Ҿ˵ʵûܵ˼˵ˣҲ˵ˣⲻǿһ£
׿ȥңô׳
һ˫һĴưңϣңζûΡ
ˣ㲻뻻ǵߣҿƤӣǻ𡣡
˵ų֣һ顣
߿ң
ңͷ
ҳʵƤݸס
׳Լ֡
ܿ죬һ׳СӹӹϵƤӣȥ
һ
׵Ҫİ׶⣬ǽɵģõİ׶ӡ
߽ԼıѺ棬лл
˵ˣԣǽŴ㣬ڳá
״ңͰ߻صԭĲҳչȥĻ㡣
ע⵽õչǺɫģȼҲ֦Ҷûдľ
׼㣬˼ֱӷչȻźͣٷź飬ٷŰˮ
´չðأֹཹð
Ʈõǡ
һźܿˣ׺ץһȥȻóɾһ˷һź
ǵҲǺɫյಢһ
кǲ
ҨһСĴ˴ͽ
ʡ΢Ǻڣڵĺȫˡ
úȣ
ǲúȵģ˵˲ڣ˲ڣǵҲһ񡣡
ϧôúȵǻزǾͺȲˡ
ҪҸǲ£
ס
Ҿ˵һ£Ҫô㿴˼߶û
ġ˵
ǴЦ
ߺңڳһ
ߺ˵˵뻻һźûܳɹ뻻Ҳûܳɹ
忴ң鲻ȴѹϵǷң
߹ƺ֮ǰĴйء
ʵڻ
ң緹ڳ΢˹䣬Ǿˡ
һֱɳ˳أͣڵϱΡ
ȵö̧࣬ͷĨ¶ͷĺˮһȥֱӻȥ
ǲЩʧ
С뻻ĺˣ뿴ķҲˣûźоеź
ڸһߡ
Ҫȥ岿𣿡
벻ȥ
߳ʵҡͷ
ڳܵʱǺȥĲˡ
˵ȥĸ䣬ֻҪİĵطе˲ڡ
Ѷ÷ǳһ㣬ûʲôסģŲڣƤҰԸһ졣
Ϣһȥĵط
ҶӺãʲô𣿡
߲ҲֻҶӡ
Ȼܿһȥ𣿡
ֻҪ㱳ö뿳ٿ١
ϢһᣬֱΣĵطȥ
ߵһСϣɽ棬طҪůһЩ
ɳ̲ϣŰȥС㣬û뵽ôһõطǰǺǺ
ǳ˵ĵʱóźĺӻġ
źԭں
һֳںһںӰС
ϥײײϥǣʾ˵
ӱǸͳķֽߣ˵һռһӣԼɣ͵͵һ㣬Ҳߵ㣬ˡ
ԭˣ˵ôᵽźͺܲĽأ
һܣûӮӵһȫˡ
Ƕκж೤
û
Ǻܻ㰡
غУϲİȥءʱҧġ
ˣǲǺܾ֮ǰ£
Ҳûкܾãǰˣ
ˡû뵽ѵĺ滹иô۵Ĺ¡
벿֮ĹϵͲôˡɹ̫ȥ㡣
ѵ㲻Ƕôˣһɹᡣʲôʱ̣϶ԡ
ң˰ߵ
ɹ̫
߾̫ۣ۾ƤҲͮͮɴԱߵϾ˼ƬҶӣһݸңһǵԼ۾ϡ
ϲ˯
ů޷˯ɹɹ棬˶ɹů棬ǺҪɹˡ
ȵң׽㡣
߿Ҷӡ
ȥ䣬ܲʲô
޲ѾС꣬˵׼ʲôʱͻᱨϣҪҲһ
ɱȱصˣȥ˵̵㡣
ҶʮֺÿͿһᣬѾһѡ
ЩҶ̯һˮ֣ߵʱٽǱͲôˡ
ңһ˸ߵĴˡ
߻ѩ׵Ƥٺɫŷ쳣ҪǺ¼棬߶ŪƬˡ
ƬҳԣƬ⡣
߽ƬĥĺۺãչϴͷȥȲݣͼ֭ˮȻƺõƬŵ档
Ƭһˮûţȴ⻬
Ϊ㹻ƬƬʱ򣬿ܿ˹ͷڳһһƬ㣬һͷ¡
߳ԵûðóԣҪǿԵĻ֭߾ƣǾˡ
ʲô
һ֮ǰҲ˵ȷӽˣ͸ϲҪľϲǸţҲ֪ܲܳɹ
ʲôʱģ
յӣϷ˼죬쵽ܳζҷһֳŵ̳ƣһдˡ
ھ͸ң
û취ϻ⣬ûܱס۾ЦҪǳɹ˵ĻͿԺˣʱƷһ¡
һٳԵ÷ǳ㡣
ڶ죬߻ٳһ٣ңѾûˡ
ңȥץʱ˳񵰻£ûƣƬۡ
ڵĵطСḻˮ񵹶úܡ
ÿȥңʱһ۶˺ü񵰡
ңӦˡ
߼ݡ
Щݱ紵ˣ˲١
ԭΪˣһÿܲ˵㣬ɴʯݡ
ŸţȻо©ʲô
ңʱ򣬿һѲǰ۳˼ô
Ȼ뵽һ顣
˵
볤ĵطͦԶģݣǳźΣ᲻Ҳź
źĿԱȽϴ󡣡
ⲻǡǡ˵ҲУ˵ҪҪȥһ£
Ҳ̫ࡣ
оˣҵˣԼְźֶóһ곤곤һƬô
ƺңҸʡ
ߣǳ緹ȥǰæ˵ԺҲԴԴϵźԡ
ңû
˳緹塣
סڸɽ֮䣬ѺͰƣֻǵĶõҶӲһ
ˮӴǲת˸䣬ȥ
ʹ󲿷ֲһˮҲǵĸ׺ӡ
źӽӣڸס֮صλ볤ˮӣٺƺƵ
峤аɽҲǸˡ
ͷߣƢֱͦˬ
ϴ̰֯ʱ򣬰߾͸оˡ
ΰݷãһǵ⣬˵˾ңǽȥҡ
֮ǰź𣿡
ûע⣬ˡ
ߵû´Ļˮ᳤ԲԲҶӣ쵽ῪĻĳŸС̨ӣʼʱۻɫģ̨̣泤Źʵ
ɽͷȥˡ
ֱѾŴԲɼȥˣɽͨͨ˻
ȫ֮õȴһӣ֪ǸʱһɻǸ
ôһ˵Ҳˣʱʹɡ
Ҳˡ
ʿˮֻһ䡣
ЦһҲûϵҲ㡣ܴǹȥ𣿡
ֻǵóĶκӣ˾峤
û£һҡȥطС
ɽϵǸȥһҡ
߿ƺҪȫ֮ȥæź̧ͷң΢ɲҡҡͷ
ǴĹؼʱ̫Ÿ塣
ңóɴȥС
ɲһǵ׼
ǲ׼Ƕһæȥùߡ
ɽ˵ʲôңļ򣬡ǽܻҪһٷ
˾˷ģһܴõ
ʱ仹磬ɴǳ
ߵɽرߣȽϸӣɸ䣬ɵҲ÷ɡ
ò׵˵ط߿۵ֱĳɣǸˡ
࣡ɺò״ңЩߵܴ˾Ҷʵ̫ˡ
ļ磬ӱͳϲǣǿ˳ɣߣһ߳ǣһҡ
ɺشеǡ
߽ųԣܶ
ɿңҲˣСؽ
ǿһ⣬۾ˣ͵̧ͷߡ
۾Ǻó԰ɣϲоģҪҵϲоҲ԰Կ
غӱߡ
βȫڸڣǿϸѰҡ
ֻʱȥ̫ˣҲǲ۵ĵط
ָ˼طָˣߺңû˵ʲôԼŵòУҲЩ졣
ļ򣬡ʱȥ̫ˣңҲǲ壬ҾСߣȥˮߣһ㣬̫ԶҶ߹ʱʹˡ
ȥˮĵط
ˮǿˮڣˮͦǳ
Ƚ϶࣬ߵĵطˮݣһۿȥ̫кüζºȥ
ڽԣ̫ûз磬̫䣬߸߸ӣоԽܡ
ңڰߣԼȥҡ
߼һһ
ңûֹ
ȥ˼Σ޳ȶñƨûҵΨгɿб˳ݣΨһջ
ǸҶҲǣֵˡ߽ڵϣƤЬȥһ
ңۣûΣգ˵ͷ
ܽѾ¹üˮÿһˮ߻Ǿñˮеܡ
ҧأֻŲȥ
Сȣˮǵ|ȴ
ŰߵĻĲݣһһ̽
ҵ𣿡
û߸ջش꣬һԲԲӲһ񣬡ȵȣж
æҴӣȥ
ңʱ׼Сĵ㡣
ˣ
ߵǸӲָѵذס
棬ָͷˣϸŵġ࣡һڰǸӲ˳
ҵˣ߸˵ؽ
һ¶ˮ棬֪̾ԼҴˡ
һεӲ
źƫԲΣԲģ
ź߶⣬죬׸һˡ
ǰ
ʲô
߽ӲŻˮϴɾ࣬ŷǾȻһɫıද
ĿǺܹ⻬Ե¶ۻɫ⡣
ţӿǵķ϶ܿ⣬ǳˡ
ʿˮС߲
ʲô
ⶫó⿴Ҳ̫ˣ
Żش𣬡̫óԣζеȡ
ˮ϶еȣúûˡôһ˲䶯ʮ㣬϶ֹһ
վˮܿ˴СС߸
ȭͷĶˮż
ԽԽߡ
ңڰ߿סȥ
ãҿһ
ҸӱȽϸߣȥһĵط
ðɡ
ϰˮϴɾֽţĨŰϵˮ΢ɣƤѥӡ
Ƥѥӷǳů͡
Ҹ۾
ң죬һѾֱӵߡ
²ǰܺȥ
߿СӵĶﰵˬ
ξûҵźôҲֵˡ
ȵȣ
Ǹʲô
ôԣ
߶һԾغңӡ
ңֱ


49 տ
ȥңĶ
һź
һ, ź˵źڴë׵ĸнźϵѿ
ôԣ߾ܿ
߽źϷȥش
Ƭ̺, , ĵңź
ҿҲ񡣡
𣿾һأ
ҡ
ӿĵĵط, ˮѾȽļ߿Աһվľ㵱ĵ, , 𻬵ˡ
һڡ
ңһһź
źȥҪȳڵźС, Сϸ, ɺԡ
ð߾ϲ, źÿһźڴгźѿ
¸źüףҲؿںв
źѿԵøɰ
ңźˮϴϴ, Ҫźӹ
һ, , ӣ
Ūѿҹá
ŲҽŵЬ, ѸٽЬѵͬʱͷҴ, ȵ, ͹
˵ʱ, ңˮ, źٵǰʵʵڰվţŪʪ·
ңĿǰһ߻ţˡӰһҡ
תͷԱߵСˣɣӦһ£
ң䡣
£˵ȻɹһɹҸһ
Ұź©ˣ
⵹ڣǶһ˶һ
Ǿʵڰվš
߱ңϣӣһźվڰϡ
Ա߿ǡ
Բ۾Ǻ档
ЩΣͷװŪźѿģȴСߣͼ˾˹ϵúð
ǻȡٸװˣ
ʲô
ǰɫİ
ŶŶһһʮһ
߳ɹתСѵעɿ
ңˮһᣬź
ܹջźһźڡ
ϸ۲ҵʮŸźѿ
еźڴֻиûѿ㵽ʱѸҲһֵˮȥ
Ҫߣ
ˡһźҪҵʲôʱȥЩѾˣȻȥɡ
˵꣬ɣң˵ǻظ岿䣬˵һץʱȥЩźѿøϿȥ
ԡ
ɱЩʧ䣬ͻȥ˰
Ҫץźѿȥ´п档߰źŽʱ˳ֽôҶӰõȫóҶһҪпյʱҲӭ档
˱Σɻظ塣
峤ɽû
ң͸صڱ˵ҪŰȻȥ
ЩǸװ󣬽ʣаװ˸壬ָСĥԡ
˱źҶӣ˻ؼҵ·
ңٶȺܿ죬߽ķɵҲ
Ϸɵ˲ͣҸĵطϢ
˲ݲݳ˵㶫ԹƤ˯һڶ첻ˣɡ
ǻس̵ʱɵø죬͵˰߼ҡ
߼Զ벿䣬ȫˣ˭֪ǻˡ
һأỵ̄ȥź
Ȼʾ䣬̳ܿˣ潽˺һۡ
ϴֵˮˮ
ңϴɾ֣ͱһ̡
ߵҲʪģ˵ײңָ飬ôһ㶼
Ϲ˵Һû|һߵǵץʱźѿȥҸտһۣҶӰţźѿҲеήļ󣬸ˡ
ں
ǿ²УߵĺӺûô󣬶ˮȽļôСźѿֵ˵ʲôʱͱˡ
ܽᣬڰ߿ģŪһĶˮ
Ĵʲô׵顣
ԼһҪȥģۻҲø죬źѿȴ鲻á
߽װŵˮҨưˮװַ࣬һСȥ
ȥĻװӦþͺˣʱóԵġ
ȡ
Ȼ㳢˾֪ˡ
ȥӱߡ
ܲʮ׵ĵطѡһɳȽ϶ĺ̲ңʯʼڡ
ǵðѰڵһ飬ˮѺӰˮ
ߵӲݹľȽ϶࣬涼ǲݸʯҲȽ϶࣬ǽְѸڳһַȥ
һææ硣
ֺźֱʱ̫ɽۿҪɽȥˡ
һ̧ͷúңϡ
ңͷˣϵҲˣҴ䣬¶޳СȺͰش|ȣһſϻ㡣
͵̫ǱǸ롣
Υ͸ǿ˼㡣
̲ס͡һЦŹЦû뵽ӡ
ǰֲûֹ
Ҿ͸Ҹƽˮ㿴ڵӡ
˵ңǲҲ֪Լʲôӣ
ʲô
߶ң۾ͫ﷢Լȷʵʲô
ʶһĨ
Լ࣬һĨðǡ
βңѣҲ֪ˡ
ݡ
Ǳǰںӱϴ
ң߹޳ָͷϵһ£ҲС
ȥһࡣ
ͷϣ۶۲ɾ
󾽣ʲôʱŪȥģ
Ц֮ǰɡ
ˣϴˣյˮϴ䡣
ԭ˦˦Դǿͷ˦ɡ
ߣȥεн⣬ϸװԡ
԰Ӿڸ
ѼӲȱϣǼҵĲ˵ͻȻɣֵúܡ
ϳĲҲⲻͬѰ⣬ҶƬʺ񣬷ζʮ㣬ֳԣζͻ
һ
صضЩ⡣
Щս꣬ﻹ⣬˫ؽ⡣
ô̵ľ룬ûΣֱ߻ȥ
ûطң˵ˡ
˭ֻŵϵζŲÿ˵ζ˵ζˡ
ζеЩغżζ
ûǸܡ
ΪǲĻ飬ǲҸǻˣ
ˡӦǸˡ
Gǲǣ
˱ɽ
һ۾Ϳľϵİɽڳֵĳɡ
İˣڸ嶼
˾ˡɽкǰµİˡ
ߣرƷġ
ɽʵҲῴ˵еķӡǶЩ˳Щݡ
һ۾ͿǴСŵݺͰװǳӣҲ̫ˣȻˣҼҳɡ
ǾͲˡ
Ǿ͵ԼҡˣǿҼҵķûУ
ûü
Ǹ磬˲ιһ£׼
ɽ˵˼˵ѣ˵ʲôҲԸߺͰķ䣬ֻǲι˴īķ䣬ԡҺ䡣
ص㿴˳ԡҺ䣬ȻϴװͰ⡣
ң԰˵ȥȻͷˡ
֮һûôнˡ
ǸƵСŵÿߣҵķҲ̫Ưˣôии
ʵҼҳǸƷԺҪٽֻǷ˸ʱڳʱ򣬱ȽϾ
ǲǶҲҪڳ
ԣ̫ˡҲ˵׼ļ죬Ҫᵽɽס
˵Ż϶ͣ
ܿ죬īˡ
ңҲˡ
һһ߸ɻ⴦á
߿ˣʼʼը⡣
չȺ󣬰߷ȥȲݡըһ£ٽгɿ⵹ȥС塣
ǼСɽƮŨζ
ùСķţըýƣκһлĩٷһ£ըˡ
һըʢȥȲݺͼݣȻչڻϷϿרʯ塣
˶࣬ǳտؽʢŸɾİװʯϣڱԵϸմ⣬һһ˫ӣԼ⣬װҪһᡣ
ɣܿôİ
һ졣
Űұң
Χʯǰ⡣
ȡů˱߿߳ԣԵʮ⡣
ܿ죬װ֭ཹðСݣⱻ֭á죬΢΢ɫ
еζҲƮ
⣬һƮԳ˰ɣ
Ҽӵأܿͺˡ̧֣Ҩһؼӵ档
صһ˲䣬ζΧ¿ˮ
ңĺᶼ΢΢һ¡
ùһÿװİ⣬ȷÿһˣˣԡС̡
δ䣬Χˢˢ֣ÿӼУֱ󣬽ŵԼǰ
һװպһһ
˸ԽСģŵǰ
ʱ΢Ƶķ۰ⶥһأ֭΢΢ðݡ
һСⳢ˳
㣡
㣡
ĴнǡôһҲ
۾һ滹ڵİպأ˼£һһҧ
۷İⱬ֭ˮ
صζͰζһڿǻﱬ
𣬹Ũ㣬һζûУشǡô
Ѿ㹻ˡ
ǣ⹻ʺ
һҧȥȫ⣬ǻζζ뱬ױȵӿķ
ҹܳʺʳûʲôܱ
ûп򺣬Ҳȫ䰡


50 
־þʳ, ÿװóԵòС
˵Ϳ֮⣬ûԹʲôʳĸˡ
һȦͷԣԵա
ΨһȽϿƵľң, ԵҲ죬, ܱ̬š
߲С, ϲɴཫɽ˴İװҲƿȥ࣬ϴɾٽһʵİŵϣſ
Ÿ˳ϰٸװ߻ըһء
ÿ˶ŵò, 弸˻ع, ʮֲ˼صл
к˵ѣǳԺúȺãʳܹ
īȥϢ
ңҲ
ߺ͸ʰ
Ͱİ, , ʣ°Ͱ, Ҫô죿ԣ
̽ͷһ, ס, ǿڸɾչ, Ϲ󡣡
ҿɳԲ˰
ҲԲ£͸, ߴ, Ȼҵȥ, Ժԡ
ֱУ
βõ󣬸磬ǸǰҹһݻˮȻһ
Ҳ̫ˣҪɣ
Ҵæ͸ǣǾҪȥ
ؽɾİŵչˮټΣ󿪣ֱ͸
ˮһ㣬̳ùһһһ󴮣ҵϡ
ҪԵʱֱӽˮݣݸɾη־ͿԳˡ
Ա߹˻ˮŵװζüͷһһʳôˮôȣ
ôպ¡ЦַʳζӰ컹ͦ˽⣬ҪȻš
չҪʲôõĻҰϴ˰ɣ
֭һҪá
ⶫ
ζϡ
ûһı飬ֱӽ֭ŨȻ֭òһΣٴŨ
Ũʱһϲǽȥ
Ա߿̣ʹֹԺ϶ⶫ
ʼ磬ҿԺ㡣
֭ѾŨɸ״
߽βָպһƷ
J̡
Ʒһζ
֭Ӧɹˡ
Ĳ˵ộڱ淽Ӧû⡣
ߴ֭չÿˮ̹ڷɵòࡣ
СչޣҲֻһչޡ
ʢúչ޷ݽţÿʹá
ʣڿ԰չϴ˰ɣ
磬ϴ֮Űˮա
㻹Ҫ
װĿǣɾװ
װĿϸ壬һȷʵͦÿ
Űϸһ£ѵûʲô
Ũˮһ飬òҶˢϴɾˮһ顣
ָзǳˬƯ
ƬװǷȥؿǿɱҶƯˡ
ϲͶߴ˸ǷǸǸҽ
첻ݣ
̫ˣݷĨ쬵ģҶãԭζİɡ
߼ѾܶηˣľҺ͵ıú׼Ҳɵá
ķȲɣҲ
䣬ҺҲɵÿ졣
ߵõһǻû׸ɵʱ򣬸ϽľƬһ״
еķãѾ°ҹˡ
һæ˰ϣ۵òУλײݲϴͽţȥ˯
ΨаߣҪˮȥԡң߶µϴͷ裬ںвͷ
Ҳã˰ϣȻûиðڶ˯ʱˬ
ڼңϸļ˹ǣҿ˯û㣬ÿǻȥˡ
ߴŹǷȥý֪ˡ
ϴºǸӣ˵ǸŶȥһɹɹ̫죬á
춼ˣɡߣҸ˫ëӣȻԡ
ллǸȥ
߷룬λ׵ķ䣬ܿӸ˳
ëĳ߱֯ɵӣȥǳʵָлܸˬ
ŵ浭ķζǸϴܶ顣
ߴƤѥγţһ¡
ӺܺϽţů棬̫̫񣬽ŸЩ⣬һп
߻Ϊʲ㣬϶Ҫû뵽Ƥ·ˣƤѥˣڻƤӡ
ֻŴӣԭرȥ
һᣬţ̽ͷǸӺܺϽźůͣҷǳϲ
ϲͺáЦЦǱ㰢ȥˡͲ˵أҲˣӦûʲôҪúЪһ¡
ãҰҶȥݺþϢ
˵Ҷɡ
Ȼ̫еľ岽裬ϲˣҲǽҶŽãȡάȻٴƳ
Ĳ˵ŽҶ졣
ôϱϢըʱŽҶûʲô
ŽҶӲˮ̫ļĵطȻװҶӳߡ
룬ʺϵĵطңϴȥĺߡ
СϪˮҲǻˮŽҶãҪˮĻôҶӶȥŽ»ƻ̬
һ˷ˣŰеҶӱСϪ
ط̰ӣźðҶӷȥŽ
ôһһûˡ
ϣ߽ŻĻǵɫյĶӡ
⼸찶ѾԣӶȡŵˡ
ֻ滹лһ˰Ѷӵһ飬ܽһ
ĶӲǺܶ࣬ߴ㶹㶹顣
ǺܸӣֻȽ飬ȴʱҲȽϳ
һڲûʲôֻȱǡǡʱ䡣
һһɸɻ˵˵Ҳͦõġ
ԽԽ䡣
ĳһ𴲣оò
ƿһҹ֪ʲôʱѩѩѾˡ
վſһ£θ
ڶѩ
һڰߺңȥʱѾ¹ˣֻµò
ѩǺ䣬ֻʽѩ֮ζųȥԺͲɼѶȻ
Ҫ׼ˡ
߼ҵ̫ȱʳ
ʳḻ
ָľ顢ɹѬ⡢ҵȣ콫䶼ˡ
䣬Ǽҳſںſڶһ̳ӡ
̳ŸֲˣŸֽŸʳ
յʱ򣬰Ҫôƿƿ޹ޣҲò꣬˷ѡ
ڲŵһ죬̳ӹЩá
ˣҲǼڱˡ
û䵽֮ܳǰǲǲ̫ı仯
죬߳ȥɼ䵽Ŀյϣûվȣͼ̽Դߣ
ŰҲ̽Դߣˣ
ǲιۼ䡣
ѸٱΣӱﳶƤϣЬ࣬硣ۣѰôˣ
ʱ˵˺˾͸ʱһֱûգòһ㣬ȻҪʱ㡣
ǳ˵ˡ
ǰʱңˣ߸ңʳʱ򣬾ǵһݡ
û뵽Ĵк£ǵ˺͸˰ɣһ·䲻䣿
е󣬲粻ڻ¡ߣǸ˷ʷʲݹ
ߵһ˵ֲݣԵ𣿡
۽õǰץһѲݸ߿ֲݡֲֻжУˮߣִۣζᣬҲóԡ
߽ӹϸ
ֲݿһҶܷۣһϡ
Ҳһ꣬ǰںܶûʷʲˣź˰
ϽӻҪϲ´ٴ
ѰʾҲǴҴ
˸ʱ򣬻ǿֺгûһͿʼˡ
߿ǣпûȫͺá
һСطʷʲݣŽһҧӯ֭ˮŽ
ȷʵѳԣƵϺóԡ
ɹѬԵö࣬ôһ˲άغҪĿʣǳкô
ͷһŵϵĿʷʲݣʣַʷʲôģҰɵ𣿡
ԣǲ浽ǡôġÿ궼᳤
ҵ˼Ὺ𣿻ʲôҲûУˣڶֻԼ
ѰŻش𣬡ǣӣʱῪɫСƯˡ
۾һǲܸܲҴ㣿
峤СҪȻٵȼ죬ȼ֮ķʷʲӦþͿˣʱҸɹ
Ҳ̫鷳ˣһôԶҿܲȥǲɵ㣬һûȥǲ俴
͸һСɽɽ
峤־ȡɽ
Ǹҹһÿһ峤Ϯͬһ֣˭峤СһѾˡ
˾Ŵ䣬ֻиҹִͳ
ڰɽɽ´ůҲ٣ĺߡ
ǲ伸һĲ䣬Ҳࡣ
߻ͦŶпյʱȥ
߼Ѱͺ۳һٷ뿪ʱ򣬰ָǴ˷ʹ࣬Ϊز
죬춼ʲôʱңһˡ
ϣϴȥ
ҵѼȺѾܵʮֻһֻѼʮֻСѼ
̫䣬´ѼбѵĴ㣬ҲǼ
ǼҽںܳһʱάʮֻѼȹʱԼֻȻ괺ٷֳСѼ
ѼԲ߽ϸϸһ飬Ѷéݲϡ
ڲʱﶥϣӸµشȡ
ڲľɪҲмϪѼȺĵطȽ㡣
ԣֺõöࡣ
ϾһȺɽ֮ůɽȡ
뵽ǰۺѰķʷʲݡ
ĵطַʷʲݲ㣬ɽȲǺ
ůʪ֡ȡˮ㣬䶬ȦԷʷʲ̫ƻ
ڲ棬ԽԽúʡ
Ҫ·ʷʲݵӣˮͷʶôŪ
ǣһĻϻѾӲݣʷʲȥ󣬻صعݡ
úܼ
ƻĿУɽȵķʷʲݣԼҿժһ㣬ʵʱ򣬰ųԼȡݳԡ
ʷʲȫԵá
ȥû뵽ʷʲݵȱ㡣
Ҫ˵ȱ㣬žȡӱȽϲף
ͳĹϵԣȥȡһӣͿԼˣһݡ
ԽԽÿС
޲ݲݽϵâݸǺãֱӱΡ
ɡ
ȥң
̫Զˣһ˺ѷɹȥȥĻңһ¡
֪⼸ֵңѲʱˡ
ӹȥɵúܡ
ʷʲݵҲزȥҪĻֱӱһ㹻ˡ
ԽԽ
ɵңѱߣûأһңˡ


51 ɳ
ңﾲġ
ض, Ǳ߻һ㶯ûС
˵߷ɽɽͷʱңͻоĴ, ҳôֻһܡңڼҡ
йɲԤС
һң
شֻкķ
治ڼҰɣվƬ, ԥȥ
ңйǳζ, һԣѵĻ, ζǳǳԡ
ζ, ȴѾǳˡ
ңѾá
һʱ, һͻȻ, ͦϰߡ
վңǰ˺һûжңȥ
ңĻΧɱˡ
ңǰһᣬӶǺ˼롣
̫һһִӶңﻹǾġ
߸оʵڵȲ, ֻܷɻ, 
е䣬Ҳɵֱ̣̫ɽŽﳹ, ɻؼҡ
ؼʱѾڼҡ
һͳ, ۹
ʲô
ǶĹӰҵһƬ, ϧ㲻, ҪôǼһٷֵ㡣
˵ŴӻһĹ, һߡ
ߴӵϼһ;̵ָòС
ɵɵմӻĹӣôֱȥã
̺ŶǽȥҵĹӣ
ͿǱߣٲɽ֪ɣǾٲɽҵģôһƬû꣬ټȥڡ
̫䣬˵ʱѾòˡ
ߴӵϼۣƺɫƤǻɫĹҡ
һҧȥߵͷһȻ״̬ҪϽһ˸бǶȣۿҪ
æȥ
̵Ľ̵á˻صһ
˵ɵ㻹ɵܳԵôҿ̵ûУ
ڡߵ֣йӣۣǻʲôջ񣿡
Ӱ˵ضڿĲľˣҲûʲôöǾͲȥˣѩ˵ߣҪزեͣȥȥ
¶ı飬ͻûեꣿ
ǵڶˣֲһ㣬ŴҶţɴ͸ը
аҸȥǸҲȥɣ
ЦҪȥҲ࣬ʹһե㡣㰢ǲʿĻúʹһɡ
Ȼǳɣӵ֭ɺ糴̡
Աϸϸһ¿ˮ
ˣ˾ҪڵĻ͵㡣
īһɣ˵Ǳ߳ˣ˾˹ȥ鿴
ʣ壬ǲ֮ڶز
˵
첻Ԥķˡ
ߵõԼҪϢӵˡ
һûʲôֻͣ˼ֿۣѬԡ
֮󣬴Ҹϴط˯
˯磬ѵҲ磬ڶ
ңڣҲûôܡ
īʵ⡣
ȽȣҲȽϲ񣬰һȥȲݺͼͻˡ
⣬ȥιʳý
Ȼô죬ˮǷ࣬
Ūߣһ˶ѾԸˡ
ߣͰ𣿺Щûˡ
𣿡
е
Ƚ㣬ʣµ㻹ȥݺ涳ϡ
ѩһ£Ȼı䡣
ǴʳҪö࣬ٻѴȥѬɹ
緹Ҳܼ򵥣һ⣬һټӼ
һ˳䡣
ǵķ벿еԶʱɹȥܡ
īΪˣǰ档
ðºͶܽŷʡ
ǵʱ򣬲Ѿˣ
ҽ춼ûţרڲɻ
ˡˡ
ˡˡС
˭ȥ֮󣬶ѸԼȺ塣
ߣߡ
߸մӱͳѥӴϣûüվȣڽǡ
̧ͷһסǵһˣǾһȥɼĻ顣
˵Ű߹ȥôôҾˣ
ɵȽ϶࣬˵ãեԺ󣬿ͻųԡ
ʹֲеζζء
ʵҲеζĳЩͲûбֲͺóԵȥ
һֻһ£߸оͦá
Ͱǰ˵
߸ںߡ
һθǼζ
ҪȰĿǣȻѹ飬ٷŵչﳴƺ֮󣬻òݰѹʰɱ״ٷŵʯȥѹ
ǳӡ
ҪһЩ裬ܰڵùǺ
ûʲôͺһʡ
Ⱥм䣬ɹ̫ʯƬһ˳
費㸴ӣҲŪۣһ߸ɻһߴһ졣
״ʵ˵ˣûʲôϢ
㲻֪˵صĺ˺öͺǲ鲻ô£صҹ˾ˡ
ߣѵ̫䣬ģ
֪ӦòǰɣҪǶģǾͲἱææˡ
ߵֶסˣǲǻΣգ
˾أʲôΣգ
ǲԶںߵһ䣬Ҳ̫ļ˾˾ʲôȥˡ
ǺܿͽתװƷʳϡ
һԳĬظŻ
һեˡ
եͷǳ㣬Ͱɫķۡ
ǱߵȫˣһɢҪôȥæҪôˣȥˡ
²ߣȲɻҲˣڽɹ̫
ɹůȻһӰͶϣȫסˣһ±ಡ
˲侪ѣ̧ͷһǰվŵȴ峤¡
峤̧ôˣ
˵˵ǰȥɽססϰ𣿡
ѵüôºͣһԴͦϰߵģȻȥСɽͷסһһɼʹԣҲûʲôϰߵĵط
ͺáʲôҡ
֪ˣҪ£ʱ϶
¡šһ
ԡ
Цһ£ͷлл͵ޣڿ쳤ˣףʱǼɱ󣬵ʱҲһԷ
˵ˡ˵£ԽԽ䣬ûôţҲȽѸϡڹԵĲ𣿡
Ӧò̫࣬רŽһӣŲϡʵڲУǻɱһ󡣡
ϴΰīﱳҰÿԲɼ˳ִһЩϣӵȷõĲϿ
߼һȺһǰæġ
ǰʹɱͷһͷ򣬵ʱȫһһɱˡ
ҪǲϲǼҾǰһɱӦò̫⡣
뵽ң
Ҫңңȥ۵ʷʲݵĲѣֵɽһ²ϣôҲȱϳԡ
˵˵žˡ
վǰȹȥæˡ
á߻عԴǸЦЦǲǸ÷װˣҲȥæ
͸ըŴʣȷŵһȻٵĸγ֮Ͳóá
ҲûʲôĹҲȥվһǰʯͱͳͻȻվסˡ
ߣͻȻͣסô
峤ϴեͣʣµȥˣ
ӵˡʣ¶һЩ滹ǣȥɤӡ
ôû뵽ԼԴһ£۾£ҶҪЩܸ𣿡
ʲô
ι󰡣˳˾ɤӣɲʵڲУѷʣǺö
Ǳ߲ҪʵڲҰŪ㡣
ǹ⣿ҾҪЩû֪ЩǷǳõʳǳ֮󣬺ܿͻ׳ˡ
ǡȻᣬҸ˰ȥ
лл峤ǡһ⡣
µʳԴ߷ǳˡ
ŲιѼԵ÷ǳ
伸ͷһһţûˡ
߿ǺߺĻӣһοŪʷʲݵ¡
ͬԲݻܲ䳤⣬ԲݵĻֻӣ⡣
ôõЩѾɰСӣȴݳͣһⶼҲס
֮ǰΪҰƷ⣬ٻعͷһ룬ʱЩҰͷҲСû߾ͿʼˣӦûʳ⡣
Ұʳֻιݺ޵ĳûˮ볤Ҳѡ
öŪŪݡ
ôţԽңϽ
볤̫Զˣ˵ڣϱߣߡ
һ˷ֱߣҪ졣ңȫҲ÷һ졣
ˣû˵սһ·̡
ȲҪ·Ƕ˵ķɣܷɶ죬ÿ˷ɶ졣
ңû
һ˸оͦģʲô᲻
ûʲôȥʹһɼ
Ÿո붬ȽůͣѩܿͻˣûУֻѩĵȽŢҲȽ䣬Ų̫㡣
ٻɿˣûҶӣǺѸֲ֦࣬ɼѶһ´ࡣ
ûоˣȥæһ죬Ūһ࣬ҲֻܲСʳ
ÿһջ񻹲ӣ˴ʱ򶼵ô
ʱ򣬰߼ҷʢĴǹø
˵˵⻹ĹͣͲһҲ̫ࡣ
һСɵӣԲɻĴ
˼ǳĿֻ˵ĻҲ̫ࡣҪܶʳҲô棬Ŵžͻˣûط棬ҲҴ̫ࡣ
˵ĿԼͲһˣ㻹רŸ˷Ŵ̳̳޹Ҳкܶࡣ
ߵͷһһջ񡣡
ЦЦ˵ʵȷʵҪ࣬࣬ĵ̤ʵġ
߶˽⡣
˶ɣҽԱ˲̫ǳʲôϾôֻҪϳȥҶҵʳ˴ҶĻԲرߡ
ھ˶ԣÿȥԺͲɼҿˣ濪ˣʱ˾ɡ
߲һع滮ʳϸִС
ÿȥɼôÿ첻䷳ؼιʳȥ
֮⣬԰Ҫϡ
ĹҪȲκһ˶ö࣬æϣһҲͣЪ
Ĵ£ȫҲæµǼҾ͵һˡ
һæôãȻܹʶ
ߵллڡ
һʲôлģǰ˵㣬㿴ǵӹöãܶ˱һټһ٣ǲٶܳԱܳʳ
ţ
ô죬ҪôŪײ̳ԣ
ȻҾȥڽôƽҲˣǶڻ
Һһȥ
ңһȥȥ졣
˰ټʱѾеĸо
ң˸󱳿䵽߼ǰΣվǰ˵ô
ڻˡ߻عһԼģЦٲһΪҪڳء
³ͻȻûü㣬Ҹ˷ʷʲݵӡ
ηʷʲݵ˺þãһ֥һķʷʲӣȴû̫ϲãζӣеƵģлл
ң˶٣治ǹģ
˭ˣϡ
ңҪѷʷʲݵȥȥء
ôѣֵѼѾˣȥС
˵˼仰ջƵġ
߲֪ʲô⣬һʼ飬Ǳûʲô°ɣôȻô񣿡
ûŪˮûҲж
ô죿š
ʱֻԺȥǱ߼Ρ
עⰲȫ
˵˼仰ֺг˵㲻⼸죬һͦġ
Ҳǡ
˶ӣƬ̺һЦ
ߣɫ磬ȥȣȥ
ֱȥУ
û鰡ֻʷʲһΡȥ˳壬ǵķʷʲݳôҪҪرŪЩʲô
ұȽʪĵطȥͿˡ
ۺѰҲô˵ҿȹůʪӦûʲô⣬ʱҰѼˣҲҡ
˵ϲˣȥŪ㡣
ԭιȷãڲҪʷʲݵȷʷʲݳˣٶιͷ󶼲ڻ¡
ңˣߵĻҲˣɾʮ㡣
ϣרſףһ¡
ӣűߣ˾˻ˣ㲻ٵģһȥɼ
ƲУһӣƺŻȥɡŪ꣬Լȥһ䣬ɵʲô
ϱӴû󽴣ⱲҲ
Ϊû飬ÿ춼Ҫһıӡ
쿴ʱоѾˣģһѾе˿״̬Ӧó׿ˡ
ڼϷŷ͵Ķ飬Ϊ¶̫ͣûг̫İɫëĵһʱ䡣
û鿴ӵ״̬ô˵ΪȤ˵ҲȥˣҸһӡ
аֵģϽ𡣡
仰û˵ġ
ˣûʲôرķӦ
߾˵һЩֵĻŪһЩֵĶһ˶ϰˣ⣬ԶԹڹϰ
´ûҲ֪ɹʱҪһ͵Ĵףר׼һµոףÿˮ̹֮󣬷ɡ
õչǳ
ʵ²ɹֻһľ趹ӡ
ڶ죬һͿʼæ
СĹŴ׷ŵܱߣְ̧װӵ豧
Ա߿ţ̲ס˵Ҳ̫ˣľŽȥ
û£һҪɹˣڴһΡ
˵ţõľĲӡ
еζ˳
һԾؿƲĶӣЩܳԣ
ɹ˵ĻܳԣǳóԡæҰѴù
߼רҨĴףһҨȥҨһ
ǰصòľϴÿˮ̹ȥָзǳʵͻûС
˦˦ϵˮֱ׿ʼӡ
һζ̿ʼ˿趹ӱɫ˿״
Ա߿⸱龰Ƥˣһ첲ⶫܳ𣿿̫óԵӡ
ģķǳóԡҰιù
浹εʱһ㶼ûζˡ
һ̫κͶӵıܲд
ηˣһ㣬Եʱٷһ㶹УҪǷΣܾͻˡ
Ա߿趹ӵ浹һĿˮľӰѶɺ״Խòܽܡ
ʳҲ̫ˡ
̧ͷЦЦ
õĶӾͷ棬һ
֪ɹ
Ҳɹҹ¶Ȼһ¡
貢ӣÿһ¾С
ûɹ죬߼ɽȵķʷʲѾðѿ
û뵽ֲôǿ
溮Σɽȵðȭͷķʷʲݡ
Щʷʲ棬һðСեˡ
һӷʷʲݻؼҳԡ
ճѿķʷʲݷǳ࣬ۿɿڣ˿ζ˷ʷʲݵĵ
ܳԵô߲ˣҶ߲ˣ˶ϲòС
ÿ춼ժһӣųԣųԣųԣԡ
ǸտʼʱܳԼӣԼΣһ˶ʾ̫ܽܣΪͳˡˣұʾǸϲ⡣
߷ǳźôóԵ߲˴Ҷϲԡ
ûǿÿٶԣÿͻҪҳһΡ
ɫ߲ܲάغͿʣкôΪ˽룬ҲҪһ㡣
Լ˳ԣŽѰľÿһ𵽲ôҶٳһ㡣
˰ߵĽ飬ԷôÿҪһΡ
ϲ֮⣬һ϶̫ϲԴζ߲ˡ
һʱ䣬ҿߵԴԹ
Сǡ
ǰȥʱЩСӺϲճ棬һȥ䣬СԶԶһɢ
ߵֶɹ˵ĺЦ
ɫ߲˵ȷкôҲԷʷʲݣҲҰ˺͸άأûô㡣
˵ÿһ죬дССݣܾҲòˣͷȥʱ򣬲ۣҲ⡣
Ӧþȱάصı֣ѺŴҳôʷʲݣû˵˭дݡ
˶˼֮ҲӦʷʲݵȷãٲԣÿҲٳһˡ
ⶫҩԾУûҩࡣ
кöȻǺң
ֻңƺȰ˸ϲʷʲݡ
ǰ治ɫؽʷʲݳԽȥͼ֮󣬰߿ÿγԷʷʲݵʱǿ
ôѳ𣿡ߺЦҶѾ⳴ˣζӦûвŶԡ
̫ѳԣֻǳ˱Ƚ϶Σеˡ
¶ɵɫֻǳˣ
ңǳȻ
Ǻðɣ취һ³Է
ͦ䡣
Ƕ죬ѩ
ǰµѩûг׻µѩˣһһ㣬ö֮浽˪˲ȥһСľҪƨա
ÿѩʱ򣬶ʱһʱ˲˶֮⣬ңҲˣÿ춼Աڡ
߿žò˼顣
Ա˵´ѩʱ򣬻ˤġ㿴ƽƽСɽȥʱ򣬽һ򻬾˵ˤĸû˷֣ˤȥͶˡ
ǲǻôˤˤ˳ʹϷһҲ԰ɣ
ЩôСҪǱΣˣⲻˤˣҸ˵ʱǧҪһ˳ţȥĶҪң֪û
˵һѣΪ˵仰
߿絣ǵ۾˵ͷʳ湻ˣô죬Ҳţڼ㶫
Ҫʲô
ͰɣҪʲô̫ˡ
񵰣ǰкܶ࣬һʱصüϸѰҵ񵰾͸ˡ
ڼط󣬴Ҳ࣬Ѿ
·̫õı̵񵰶񵰣춼Բꡣ
ʣô񵰡ĥɳ
ɳӣԭֻҪͺ͵ƣ鷳ǹա
ɳҪ˻Ѵѵƴ򷢣Ȼ黯һδδ黯̷ǳʱ
ȻпգҲķôʱ䣬Ϊɳ
һݴͰԡ
ô˵죬Ҫڡ
һס֪Ҫ˵ʲôɳʲôҲûа취֪ͣˡ
㡭
ͰʲôҲͬû취͡
α˻յôһ˵
Ҫ㻰˵Ҫ˵ʲôҶ֪ǰ㡣ҰʯͷùпյĻҰľͰŪһ¡
ҪŪʲô
һУ㰴һͼͣͰŪˡ
ȻæһĵˣһԼͷѸͷȥŪƬȥˡ
ֻջͰŪ
ǼĵǸī
ʺһЩȽдԵĹŲ᲻ͷ
ҶǱȽмĹûҲ
ֻһŪ
ңֻſڱŪͰʲô
һִ򷢹ߣҪ񵰻ƴ򷢳һʳƷô죬ôˣ
򵽼ֻȽϺóԵķǳִ򷢹Ѳѣ
ôѣֻǸֻҪġ
ң¶Ȥɫԡ
߿ĲԱóһλãĵĸԼҪʲôҪĶԭʲô
ңǳһ͸
˵һѾˡ
һԿĬĶ¶Ĺĵɫ
˵ûģûĵĲǸһ˵䶼ͷ



52 
һ, ѩˣһƬ԰ɽƺò̫
һ, ֹȥιժˡ㡣
ˮǴӣһεطˮȴܻˮߵĵطһƬ׺ı, Ųȥ, 졣
ߺͰȥ㡣
ˮԵԽصѹڱϣѹһƬ
, ͷС, ˻Ҫֽ, 滬ץ
ⲽѾѰץϴһ, ˵ֶˣ춼첻ֱ
պһڰ촽ϣů, Ҫȥժ𣿡
ժʹҶ, ٿܲôˣεܲԡ
ǼҵܲһڲԭڵҰܲʱڻССȡ
ܲУϵѾ, ܲˣĲŽܲУ½½ɡ
ܲ, ̫, ַزȥ
һ³ɳ, ЩֽܲܲС
ѩ, ºѾ£߲ȷܲܲܿס
ܿ͵ó컹̫䣬ܲջȥ
ԣ԰ߡ
ߵ·ŵѩѾɿ״ɷ״˵ͷüëˣͷһҵ֩
˶ӣһЦ
ԼĶ䣬̫ˣȻžҪñˡ
㿴Ƕñûв׹ӵǶҪĻҲһ
ãҾϲ򵥵İƤñӡ
ǼñһƤֻҪ򵥲üһ£ñӵ״ٷ̶õĴӡ
һ춼ʮò˰æ
˵˲԰ӣϸ쿴
Ҷ˱һǣµĲȴӲ|ͦûеήЩ˵״ãʱղˡ
߰һܲժҶҶ
⣬ʱŵҶʹҶζ㡣
߿ժҶ̫࣬óʯһҶ嵰Եô޲ڡ
緹߿ѩ𱳿׼š
ָƨɺ棬ô컹ҪŲɼ
涼ˣɼҲûطȥȥ֮ǰŵҶ
Ҹһȥ
ֲȥİĵطܳʲô²ɣ㰲ЪŰɡ
߰ЬӺʹһһôͰɳŰ
һ񣬡ڼҵ㣡
߱ɴųǰǸ߷ɡ
ѩƽʱ˸ãò׵طѾһ㱡
εʱһ紵һ¡
æͳºЬӣ·ЬѸٽԼװԭض˶ţůһЩŹȥ쿴ǰݵҶӡ
һҶѾͦʱ䣬鿴Ρ
һʱҶӱݵûζȴûȫõҲûа취Ҷ
صض˼Ź
ߵϪߡ
ϪˮԽС˿һ̶ˮ滹˱һ
߾ʯͷѱãҶӵҶ
Ҷһ港˵Ҷ룬ʣһĻɫҶµϪˮҲû
ҶǵŸõҶ⣬ֳһҶ۸ɾҶ⣬ֻץҶһ¡
ôһ֮¾Ȼû
ץҶֶֻպˡ
ʵ
Ŀдž̾ץҶˮ˼£Ҷ롣
ɴץҶȥߣһһϴɾֻ»ɫҶ
ɵרĵʱͷһ쬵ģ̲ס˸̧ͷһң
ԶͿϴ䣿
Ҳû취ܿϴˡӣȥԻѲأ
ңƤһ߹ȴѲ顣õλãҺһϴ
ûóһλãȻҼҳԷҪɳ
Ͱˣ
ĴͰľζˮˢһֹͣѣ֮ʽͶʹá
ôˡɳţ㲻ڣŲ
ң
ôһĴͰǼܲܳԶʳɣ
ңϴҶٶȿࡣ
ʱһҶȥݣϴɾֻʣС
ȥ￳˿٣Ҷá
ңһΣצץҶ߼ҷȥ
ϳţؼҵʱѾ硣
ڼҵȵұţԼȥôã֪һһš
Ȱ˵꣬пպңк
Ҳû뵽ҶѾݺˡתͷң̫ˣһ𡣡
סůһ˵ô֣ͻȻ𣬺׳
аɡֻ߽Լů磬񵰺Ͱǿʼɳ
ֻҪô죿
ߴһӣȴ򷢵ƣȻٴ򷢵塣
߼ҵȫҰ񵰡
ԴڲͬƷ֣дСζࡣ
ڻߣ뵰嵰ơ
ȰѵƷŵͰϲǺΣȻҡŴͰֱ
ͰľƬҶҡֱʱһбǶȵҶתƴɢݡ
Ĵ򷢷ȵÿӴҪ򵥵ö࣬Ҳ֡
ֻһ˴һ
Ϊָӣһߴ򷢣һ͡
ɳʱ򣬼֬ҪΣ֬͵Ƴ黯
ûʲô£˶żһһ£ҡҶ
ŴͰĵԽԽŨٻɫɫƮζҲһζ
˦˦ʹ֣Ϻˡ
˺üۣ֣Գ𣿡
ߵټһᡣ
ԸµȥҨƽ𣿡
ԣֻǵζһһ㶼ûϵ
߽ȥȣˣøɾС̳װþС
ȵȣȳһ£ܿԳ˰ɣ
ԡ
߻δ䣬ƨƨߵܵ˫ˬĿӳһ˷һ˫
ȲؽԼĿӲɳһɳءһ
߿ϱЩ֣΢Цʵζô
еᣬе̣е𣬸оͦóԵģе֡촽ϸζһ£ٳ
ԼպһɳŽ
ɳȷʵ̾ڣ֬ķ飬ڸеУϵζϯ˿ǻһ΢ƽ⡣
ɳϱӳɳе񣬵˵㣬⡣
ζǳ
ôõû׷ѡ
óԡֳһӣζеĸã´λһ㡣
е֣ǰûζеֵֹģ˵
ζûôһǰɣ
˵ţתͷһֱĬң˾ˣΣ
óԡ
һ˫ЦۣóԻǼٺóԣ
ĺóԡ
ɳ÷ʷʲݣһ㡣
ңĬƬ̣ͷš
߿ı飬Ц
ңʷʲݵĳ̶ȱлҪһ㡣
Ա߰ôóԵĽΪʲôҪʷʲݣǳ԰ɣֻԽԲݡ
ģ
е֣ǲǻʲôرĶԣңȲȷˣҳ˵


53 Ȫ
ûʲô
Խ, Ű׻
ЦŽͰǰ£Ȱ򷢺˵
ҲҪͽȥ𣿡
ãӵϲǾСȴ, ȥۡ
߼ﲻۣۺ׷ۡ
࣬߾ۺ۵ã̫
׷ۿǿΪɴֱ, Ż
ۿҲͦǿ, ѻ潬
׷ۺ, Ҫ, ͰϹ
Ȩһ, ջѡۡ
۵ʯϸϸĥһ飬ٵ̽ɺ
ɸû취ɸ, ֻ¾á
۾һҪŵǡ
һСǶ, ζ֡
ǾۣҪôԣ
ҳԡ
ߴûԹĶ, Ҳ
ۼ̲Ϊζ߻뿴ܲĽĸһ¡
ھܲܳɹǵ֪
߽̺ˮ۽ɺŽȥůĳ﷢, ٳͰ
ͰĴѾ˰ɫ
ϸ۲죬Ѿ, ͣһ¡
Ա, ҲԳ𣿿ź̰
û, Ҫ㳢
ǻ˰ɡţ㲻ǲƷÿӸ
߽Ӳ|뵰С
ĶǵãֻǴ֪סӣ򷢺ˡ
ŵǸӣɣʲôԭ
ʲôԭһȣѾˡɣǼڶͰ
еᣬֱң˾ˣȥߡ
ңææȥİߣĬӹ
߽ۺ͵׻ϣĴչҳĨٰͣѷۺȥ
ջصһ̿׷һ֣Ƿһ֡
ǵһο˶𾪣ҲУ
Ծ֪ˣҪеĻڶӵ̣ٶӵǡ
ϲǿˡ
Ǽӷۡ
˵ţչ˿
ԵѾˡ
ÿѹһ£ŴӦóɹˡ
̽ͷСܺóԡ
Ҳáʿˮڶٶŵ̺ǣǳԵɡ
Խ˵Խ
ʵʲôıҲ֪һһַǳóԵĶǸ
˶չǰȵһ
ʣңһڴͰǰתֱ򷢵塣
īһͿӶչǰˮңһڸɻ
ڸʲôڱһһ£ôü˾˸ɻ
ֵͬʱԼı໡һ
ңû¡
ûҲУ˾ˣɡ
ңܹҪӹߵ֣УŪˡ
ЩҪ߹ȥæɻ߶ڹֱ׳һһ˾ҲˣǸžͺá
˰һۡ
ûнյǸ
˼չ
չƮζĺ㰡
֮󣬾ûŹôŨĸζ
߱۾һڣŹ̲֮סҶŸӣٴνҿǣ⿾ô
м䲿ֻһʪӦҪٿһ
еʧˡζСֹ֪ʱ򣬾ͷŷ۽ȥ
㲻˵Ӷǲó𣿡
ҪΣе˷ǡˣǻ⣬ĻǾͺˡ
ٺ٣úãһ˵Ҿ֪Ҫʲô
ٺҲҪһ磬ҪȻյ𣬰ѳǸҲóͬʱ԰ɡ
Уȥ
õȵһ⿾죬ֱӽ򷢺õĵ׷ŵȻãּ㹻ķۡ
к֮󣬰߰Ѻˢ͵Ĵչ֮С
Ϊÿصһչϣ
ܾûô֣صشһʳڵȴҲԽڴ
һĿڼңڹߵȿԡ
ƨ|ɵ˶һŲŲȥһҲסߣĸǲǺˣҶŵζˣ
ҿ߽Եֿ϶ˣһ
ʯԵÿ˷һС顣
ûп̫ɣһ
߿鵭ɫĸ㣬ţŵŨζ͵ζ
᲻Լҵϲǣʱûôǣ˲ûʲôζ
ҲѾˡ
̧ͷһΧң֮⣬˶⡣
Сһ۾ؽתתȥζ
ЩᣬˣϽòóԡܻ֮ζ
óҶ֪϶óԡ˵šءһڽǿֱӽ
Ҳҧһڡ
״򷢺ɵڸзǳܣ̵ܳ΢ϲǵ΢𣬳֮⣬͵׵
ζǳ
ͼʳȣڸϵһ
ʱǵһ
һ⣬СҧһڣƷ۾Цôõʳóԡ˾ˣһ㡣
ңл
˺һᣬĸҲͳһȦ߱ߡ
߻ҪٸС
㲻˵Ҫʲô𣿳˾ûˡ
û˾´
治м˷۵ĵ⣿ǵһ
ҲУȥ⿾ûС
ʱصؼ̷۵ϣĺˮҲ󣬿Ҫʱ
Ѿ⣬֪ʳζǹҲԽڴ
̿ĺ濾֮£Ʈζ
Լθоճ⣬ֶˡ
Ҳõζʵ̫ţǣ쿴
õĲ̫ѵãһûãˣǾͿϧˡ
۵ĵȴ֮УȲѸҽ£תע
Ƴڽ·ûʲô츳ȻĹʵ̫٣һ»ɫؽңж
ˣĹȽҹƵԳˡ
վҪչĵг
δЩҲ̫ˣȥʱҪϦ
ȱ£ӹǵĵ⿾ˡ
߸һƿǣŵŨ㣬οĵǳɹ
Ϊ׺̱Ƚ϶Ĺϵʻƺɫһ㽹ƣžʳָ󶯡
˿磬ϵˮ˦һ˦װӲˮ
ã
ܿŵصһӹź㰡⻹㡣
Ҳôáһչĵƽг顣
չǼҲԳԵһ鵰⡣
гÿ˷ֵĵסӡ
ôһ飬ǿԷֳγԡ
һγԸ񫣡һڵζܿһۣһҿʼˡ
ˢˢͷ
Ÿˬӣڵĸԡ
ŵ۸٣ܣҡһӣ廹ζ
ȥһ¾гһ鵰
߽ŵ󣬽׵һ
ܵζڿǻը
̵ζ۵ζԼ״򷢺ŴĿڸжġ
۾΢΢ҡԴ
ʳ̫ˡ
ʱԵʳҲ٣ûķʳ񵰸һôô
߳һڣ۾ҵķӦ
˶һܵ˳ı飬ķӦ
Բ۾ǰĵ⣬ƺţȻֿڸеʳ
΢Ц⵰ô
춼ǵ⣬ﺬ˵
һڵ⣬ףΪʲôһҪôԶĵطˡ
߲ԡ
̾˿ζʳֱеҪǷڲһܵҶе㲻ĳԡ
ϥײһϥǣܻԽԽõġǵǣҵҲǡ
Χڻߣѩ֮һ⡣
ۡ
֮˶ζ˭û¡
鵰Ǽҵ
ʵ̫䣬󣬰ôҸԻطϢæһ죬˯ȥͼ˾ˡ
͡
ôУȻô죬ǿͣѩ죬ÿһ˻ȥһ£ҰչͻãҾ㡣
ңڳææµµһָչ㲻һˮ֮ˮҪˡ
ǾͷŲһ
ô죬ϴ費䣿
ʵҲûϴ裬ȥŪҶϱȽ࣬ϴ֮ҪǲɻĻͲϴˡ
ϴ
ϴͷȻ˳ϴˡ
ңõı飬Ĭ
ææûע⵽ңֹ
ֻڰᶫʱЩȵңĽš
һվȺͷһ㷢ңĲԣЦô飬Ҫ趫
ңþһҪȥϴ裬Ժһɽϴ
ߺԥؾܾ֮ǰ˵ȥϴ裬մζ²˵л
ң򴽣ڼϴ̫ˣô䣬һҪ鷳
ʵ̫䣬ҾͲΪԼˣ㡣
ȥϴ衣λһСȪÿϴʱԴȥԼ
ô죬ʲôȪ|
ô˵ĺݺݵضˡ
ңζ⣬Ų˺֮ζζʲô⡣
ŵңϵζζôԶϱùˮ
罻ȫ֮⣬˭ŵǹǳңζ
ֲǹӡ
һŵˣҲʲô¡
棬еԷζôˣ
̽ͷ۴λ׾סӣСû⣬Ǹ϶᲻ͬ⡣
һȥϴ
û취Ҳ˵Ҳ϶ܲµ
߲̫˵ѣ´ġ
չ̾˿
ôõϴ᲻ץסʵڿϧ
ң˫ۿѹҴȥһΣԺͰȥǵطϴĵطе룬ǿԴʱϴ衣
鷳ңԱվһ롣
ңԹԱ߳Ĭվţһ¸ߴǽ
߽жʰùλһչˮ
󣬰ȡȵˮ
ʱĨͣˮ֮ǰòݻϴһ£ͻϴɾˣˮպ֮滹ǸӣԴһζ
ڼϴ裬Ҫ̫ɾˮˮȥԡϴ
ÿϴˮֻȡ
ĲޣǶ죬òʱܲ˼ȡů⣬ղֻΪϴ衣
شԡҪ
һˮӶϴůݲϴһ飬Ҫ´·
߽ˮ
ңУȥĵطϴǿȪϴ͸һ𡣡
ĵط
ȪڵɽطɽһȪһСȥȪϴ㳣õȪϴ
š
֪Ϊнʲô𣿡ߴ˴ļ򣬡ռȵǿռ˵ط˼һֺܲҪΪ
ңץס󣬡ô죿
ǽȥԣ˵һξ룬Ǹϴġ
˵ô˵ط·ʱ򣬾һòֽٷֽš
¶˰ɣֱѣ·ңߣǿɾƺҲϴˡ
ò˵͵͵Ķƽ񵭵һִ̼ߵ±׼ɵʱ򣬻ͷķӡ
Ӵ濴ȥᣬȻֶѾϢˡ
ǵĶĺڸǵúܺá
ţѹӶûô͵͵顣
ҵķɣǿȥء
òݸȪҪһ͸˵
ߺҹɣûʲôϰ컹¹ѩѩһƬҹҲǷС
ԶԶ뿪˾סƬطԷſɣĳĶࡣ
һ·Ϸȥ
ңķ߷ɵֿɡ
ûɶã˾ͿȪڵɽ
ңŰɽϷɡ
ɵɽʱ򣬰߿һƬڵĺ
˵Ҳ̫׼ȷ򳡴˶٣һƬƽУˮɫӨӨ¶ʯͷ
ȪǻˮһˮϪˮϪ
ңûͣ£ǴϷɡ
ѭϪһ߿ɽü̶ӡ
ңһ̶ǰغ˵ˮ̶Ȫֻе̫е̫ǳе̫ȣе̫䣬ˮ̶ոպá
ҿ
ָСһ̶ˮ¶ȡ
ˮ΢̣ڿԽܵķΧ֮ڡ
ҪȪӦûǳ
治Ȳһ̶ˮϴ裬ģһڰϳϴɾٽȥݡ
ֱӽȥҲû£Ҳ㡣
УԼʱ̫ˣҲϽȥϴ衣
ʲô´һҶ
˷ֿ
óŷůȪˮúϴ˸ͷ裬ֱϴĦʱܷ֨֨
Ȱ߽ϴɾؽݵһ˲䣬̲ס̾һ
Ȫ̫ˣСʣˮºʣȪ̵ʯͷôʡ
˵⣬ݸȻȪٿͷǣӹҲ̫ˡ
̹


54 
, ߡ
ůı˯̹һϸϸһֱڽС
߻һ, ţڴϷһ£ס䣬ԼʵʵعƤ
Ƥܲ͸磬ȥ˯һСͱܲˣҲˣɴһƤ, ŭ⡣
ɫĴ棬ӡһģε, էһۿȥһ£ûԼߡ
´Ƥѥ, ŭһţ磬ڸ
Ҳһôû, ̫ˡ
̽ͷһԺȻѾ⡣
˲ƻ
Ŀ˽ڵůϯһգ˸, ԱߵĿľ¹ϣ˼Ƥ, Լϡ
̫, ñȽҲǹġ
Ҳû, ´ҲôˡЦЦ, ǲҪΣ
Ȫݵýϵͷ˯Ϊ̫㣬˽ҪΡ
е飬һۡ
۰Ͱ͵ػ˶ӵʱ绹һ¿ˮ
ס
θ˲䱬
ߴ˴ԼŵԣΣȥҸһӷʷʲݻ𣿡
ˡѼҲιˣҲˡˣǸȥ԰ӿˣժʹҶ
Ҽ񵰳ϴ͹񵰣Ρ
⼸Ҫʲôȸ׼ˡ
룬ٰмƬѬ⣬Ҫ֣бһ㣬Ȼ̡
꣬æˡ
Ͻȥĺӱϴʱ˳̷С
ʱͷȥ
ڻӲϿʯ塣
õһгɰ˿飬ֺܹ˶ʮĿ
ߴʮ
кõʯıԵ濾ȣʯĴˢͣͬʱС񵰣ʼ塣
һʯ壬˲̣֨֨嵰ζƮ˳
Աʿˮֻ۾ð⡣
ľᲦ񵰣ŵ͵|Ʒŵһߣĥ˴Σ˼ŵϡ
񵰵ͬʱٴʯˢһͣгɱƬѬŵʯϡ
Ѭ֬˲䷢ƣðⲿҲýƣƬѬ⿪ʼ
һ񵰵ζһѬζڻŲ𣬶ӹཹཽе߶ˡ
һ飬ʯ벿ŲŲֿ˼֡
쿾õѾûôˣصŲԱ߸ˬĵط⿾ȡ
īЯһؾʣôô㣿
ΡǸǸոȥˣ
ȥ俴˿ǼҲǶͦƤ㣬ܻܲ䣿
ȻԡͷҲ̧Ҫ˭ҵʱȰƤǣ괺ģʳˣٻҲС
˵Ŷ԰˵磬ҰװɳĹù
һ£һܻ䣬ŸӳλҪѽ
ˡ
һƬ⣬ľƬɳȵؽĨϡ
ɳĨãϼѬ⣬˵ʷʲݾѬ棬Ĩһɳ
⻹㣬ɳϷ϶ۺõļ嵰ȻһʷʲݣһɳһƬ⡣
ξˡ
һֻţЩղס
ֻǿˣ̣ȴһ
߽ݸС̣ԡ
ʿˮȽݸǸԣ
˻ǳ緹ʯһУ߳ԡ
̧ͷЦɣļ嵰һ潹࣬һģһеƾˡǸԣˡ
ӲЦԣǲڶ˵
ֺīһλ׶Ըԡ
ΣͷСҧһڡ
һȥʷʲݡ嵰ѬɳһҧΪǶȵĹϵмҲ㶼û˷ѡ
ɵ⡢۵ļ嵰סɳɿڵѬˬ۵ķʷʲһܵǻ
۾ǻÿһʳĵζֱֿ֪ʮζʳģһȴ޵еĴڡ
ʷʲݣƽʱôᣬֿɬֹѵһɲζǣѳԵĲζʣʲôˣֻˬĿڸУʮ¡
ھ׽ţʳȥΪʵ̫һʳĳŵۡ
¶ʹŤɫ
ôʵôæҨһˮıԣû˺
ĺóԡξٵߣǸҧһڡ
ͷҲ̧ģҲˣǸ
˵ţεݸǸ㳢
Լԡ
Żأһ˵
ŽӹΣҧһڣû׽۾һξٵīߣ
īҧһСڣϸƷζһ£ȷʵóԡ
ӶЦ
īŴļ磬ûע⣬ɿ촽һ¡
У̧ͷһֵۣͷ嵰Ѭ⣬߶Ц
߹εһǣߣ쳢ĺóԣ
ֵûٷʳͬһʳʱҲҧһڡ
ȷʵóԡ
ʳȡ
룬Ҳķ۵ܱȵζˡ
һ˭ûվʯǰһһϧسΡ
һʮγ
ҳ緹ʣΡ
߼ηŵɾ磬ʣԣ͸˾˰
ſ죬Ҫ˵
ͷ˵Ӧõģ˾˰ǽôɳȥ
ˣҲˡЦЦûʲô£ҴͣȻܾ͵ˣ粻õҳԷ
ŵõ˵ĻᣬЦãǼʲôֲǲǴߣһȥԣҺ㰢һС
߾ܾһΣ˰
߽ӷŽֽʹ֮䣬ñȣΣһ¾ͷˡ
ȷңڲ
ô죬һҲûʲôֻҪˣ϶֪˭ŵġ
Ѿ˿յ׼
û뵽ȥ֮ңȻһʯƵʲôŷǳ档
߿ɽֻһѣֻһˣĪе¶
˲Ȩƣˣѩ죬˵˵˶ûС
Īе䡣
ûأңѾʯ߹ô죬ɹ䲻䣿
ôܲ䣿ҪסԶһ㣬סڲĻҿ϶Ͳˡ߶ŴƤ£ϹЦΣ㳢ԼͶɹ
ңᱳ𣬿ͣ㣿
ܾûˣҲţ档
ȻҺһȥ
㲻ڸɻ
ҩģٸҲС
̧ͷҲգؿҪһȥҵˣ
𣿡
ˡһ£˵ʵҪǷһ飬ҪǷһ顣
ңŵЦ⣬ΣҲѾǷˣ
ǲ㣬ҵ꣡
ңЦһ
ôؿĿܵ˳ڲԾһ
ңĿ¶ɻ
߷ǿת⣬Ҽһº֪ϲϲ
ңӹϸһڣΣǳϲ
зʷʲݡ
Ҳϲ
Ҿ˵ʷʲû⣬԰ɣ
ԡ
ֵ㣬´ҪöֵĻҲγԡҲһҪ⣬Ƭųԣ֮ųҲԡ
ңһεݸǱ߳Ա˵
ҳ˲ŹԼԡ
һ˳Զġ
ƫͷһۡ
ңǰ˵ݡ
ЦЦˣ´ҪǸĻ͹һԡ
š
ңͷԶ
߿ŵĳ࣬ȭ
һᵽ|ɫҲɫ
ݡ
ܵͬе˰ɣ


55 Ҥ¯
, ߴӸࡣ
ʯͷȸϴɾŽչ, Ĩȥ׵ˮ֣û뵽һĨ֮¾ȻûĨɾĨˮ
ɻؽչٵͷһۣŷֹ׾Ȼһѷ졣
ѷ첻ѷˮͬһ飬ֻǿűĶˡ
ƣֻȥһչ
Ǽھʣʮ߿չ, õꡣ
Ҫûʱ䣬Щչ, Ǿ͵ȥұ˼һһõ
˿չϴɾӸࡣ
չȻˮʳ, ζá
ҵݲ˹ӣݴͷݽܲó㳴һݲˣԡ
˻û, ԶԶһֻųɽͷɹ
̧ͷһȴ米һ󱳿˻
ߣһرֵغһһ
߶ڻǰ, ʲôģ
ƤӰӴһģǼҪƤ, С·, Ҫʲô, Ҹ˵, Ǿ͸˻һЩȻˡ
ｫ˵űܹ㿴εرãǳ첻ѩϴһ۰ɡ
СȻ緹Ϳʼϴ˰
Ϊʲôһ¿ˣ໻ô⡣
̾ȱߵչݸ㿴չ
չôˣǲûϴɾӹչȥؿϴɾ˰òҶϴ˺ܾá
ٿס
СŶըһչ
ҲǼҵչôõô죿
⿾ˣչȲˡ
̾ԱһƵز˵
ãȻýߵĽţˣҪôչ
չСĳݲˣô˵һأûչôôϲ⣿
Ϊ̫óˡΣҪƵչײˣҾͲˡ
ôҲȺݲ˰ɡ
Ըظ֤ͺãʣµĻɣϴۣǴ򷢵ףҶ
ֲֻһ˳ԡˣ磬ȥȺǸǻ緹ϾͿԳˡ
߳ݲ˿Ʋһ
ͷ㣬ټݲ˽ȥ̿ɿڣΪ·
ȫңϲˡ
ҲǶ߼ԵСˡ
԰ܲԽԽ󣬾ҲԽԽͣǻˮ飬һ㶼ûб˵ļ
߸ժһܲݲݡ
ܲĿڸбȽϴֲڣݳݲȴʮнܵ˴ҵһ»ӭ
緹߰ɹĴ󽴽ãȥŵĸ顣
ϵİëѾܳˣ͵÷ǳɹ
ߴ쳴ηۣӵѸϡ
ô죬ӦܳԵ괺졣
»ģ֪ĶҲ̫࣬ܲרҵڶԼҳԵĶһһ㶼ֻҪûС
ûʲôرĻ߱ڼٴ⣬ɳ
ڿʱǿչѷԽԽ󣬰ܻɣһͻ᳹ѿ
һһΣһ֮ĳϣ·ذչϹǣ㿾
û뵽Ÿն̿ûüתǰչһֱѳ룬Ҳ棬Ƕˡ
ۼֿ죬ֻüһմ̼ҵš
ߵ۾⣬оͷڵѪ
񵰡̡ۣȫ˻Ūġ
Ϊ˳Զٺõģرۡ
ڹһж˴롣
þץȭͷſסԼȭߵĳ嶯
Ҫǻһ磬ϱӣƶǰչˣڲС
ƵչҲкܴôһʷʲʲôġ
վԭغش
ôˣܽİһĹĵİߣֿչ۶ǵǣû°ɣ
ʲô£ڹˡǿЦЦһָԲˣմ¯ҡ
˾ˣû˾ͺáҲ䣬ļ磬ȥЪһʰ
ãһһᡣ
վԭ£ȥ˿õʯˢͽûմ¯ҵ棬Сؼá
ճʯ壬Ҳһһŵģȫûɵĸо
ϧˣ滹ôۡ
߳ʱ̲סӿһϧ
ϧڵڶ죬һڿչҲѳʱ˷ŭ
ߺ۾ǰѳչ̬һ¾ͱˡ
ڻǰֱ۶΢΢
һɽڲϵ緢
û뵽ԼôùһҲû⣬ȴŪչ
ڣʱְճչûüΣͱˡ
ȥ硣
һںóԵģôôѣ
ôôѣ
߲֪Լô룬˲յù̵չֱץһƬˤ

ºӲʵҲ
Ƭˤڵϣûˤãҵ˰ϡ
ݣ
͵ؼƬֱһҡ
ƬƬײ
ƬʢѬ⳹䵽һǽζ
Դˡһ£ץԱߵ룬ֱҡ
飡
˳ȥ
ߣ
һ˿񱼽վڻԱ÷İߺͻƬȫˡ
첽߹ֱסߵļ磬ԼĻûû¡
ߵ۾гзŭΣһʱ˲õί
ŬҲûøõί
ҲǱ˷֮صί
ڴůĻһȦ
īͰǵĺͲ⡣
ıȳȥϢһ£ʰ
ļ磬ߡ
īҲԴطҩ
˵һһģðʪۿ
ǰĿյأӲƻȥ
ǿӲط˵Ϳ͡
ӣ±Ƭһ£ҲûֻǺˡ
˴ùˣϢͺˡ
ڴϣɳƵû¡
ûҲϢһ£ð㰢
šǸҽ첻ˣǳ԰ɡ
˯һ
һ˴һᡣ
Ҳãͺǡ
ߵͷ
ȥˡ
ѵЬӣѵؾ֣űӣѸǵԼϡ
ڱŷ
ɫһְֲַָܿ
߶źڰһ˯ⶼûС
֪˶ãľϸϸ
Сʣߣ񵰣񵰰ɡ
߿ڣ˵
һڷɤȫˣ˵ֻһ
ݡ
һû
ڶʱһװµӣҲûʲô
ԼҲûᡣ
³ˣżҲбһ˲䡣
ⲢԭԼֱǻö
Ϊ»˳ȥʱ
ңһҡ
վԺ˵
ңӱóһ͵ݸ˵ҩ͡
һ¾ͺˣǱ죬ҵ˶ˡ
Ǿͱš
վԭأ꼸£ʣô֪ˣ
ûϴ裬ҽһ¡
ֱˣߵɴ۾һ¼ˣץңֱѹҸ֪ϻһȥϴ裿
һ£Ӧò֪
жƣҸǰС֣û֪¡߸оѪѹˣøɣһϴʲôġ
ᡣ
ңһԼĻתƻ⣬ҿ⿾չ
û뵽ôֱӣֱĺĺֵɴ۾
ңļ򣬡֪һ¯ӣ
ʲô
˲һ¯ӣǵҤһѶŽȥϻ𣬺ܿܰʳ￾졣
ңһҤ¯ӣԽԽ죬ӣҺ֪⡣
ãҰһң˵ԺͲ῾չˡ
ҲΪջչƢ
ңŰĿ⣬Ҳûϵǿһ¯
ߵۣһǻƢֱ޴ɷ
ίͷŭĪɢЩ
Ƭ֮һ¯ҲУܸıһһ㡣
ңЦˣš
ߺߣ죬ûסЦһ¾ˣЦ
ûЦɵ
Ϊһǿ°ϱӵרҵǹƣԿ¯֮ԭҲȽ˽⡣
Ҫɹĵǲεֿ¯ˮֶʧ̫ˣӲڡ
ߴһҤ
ҤΪ֡
һֱҤջ֮󣬰ѻ̿ľó򵥲һҤ壬ٰʳŽȥҤ崢տ
һҤ¯ջҲҤ崢ܣʲôߡŵղͿʳﲻͬһǻ壬ʳﲻᱻѬζȽϺá
ߴһ֡
߽Լ뷨˵һ¡
СѾΣ̫ˣǾͲ˰ɣ
ߵǸϴҲãҲӦ÷Ƣ⡣
˭пƲסƢʱ򣬲㡣
ҤɣҤ֣Ҫǳɹ˵Ļǰѿϡ
ʲôҲŪԵ𣿡
һֵջ淢ȵĴҪǿպˣԺǶ𣬶ͻñȽˡ
˵ҪôһŪ
һҪɳӣ嵣ɳʮžͲˣҲһɹ֡
ʲôϵ˭һɹ㾡
īʣʲôʱҪã̫䣬ûϣ⼸ڻ
ЦʲôʱڻУֻҤ¯żҶҤǺϤʱ˾˿ܻæ
˾ԸС
ңԸ⣬ͦ
ϷȥȪϴʱ򣬻Σͬһ·
ң·ϸҤ顣
ߵҲ̫ҪôӦúǵҤ࣬ʱҲҤ״

ڳ棬һڡҤʱ̴ѳӦѬǽڡ
׼𣿡
ˣҰǻæټһЩһĶʯС
ͳҤֽṹʲ㣬²ͽṹ㣬ʲ棬ṹ档
ؼǱ²㡣
ϱˢƵʱ򣬾þƿӷм䵱²㡣
ͲҪˣչҲ̫˷ѣߴöʯ²㡣
ƴһĶʯҪˣܷźܾã߸оϷ
ң֪ĶκӶʯرࡣ
ţߺȻȪ̵ֶʯ
ңĬƬ̣֡
Ҿ˵ǵȪôô룬ԭǰˡ
̶ʯºܶ࣬ࡣ
ɵúá߸ˣ
ңԸָơ
ָ£ߺܿʹչ˲ϡ
ΪҪ¯û취֬ճϼߴֱ
¯ҪǿûôߣӦ㹻ˡ
˵ɾ͸ɣüɳӣȫ˿ʼࡣ
ҤõĲҲࡣ
ҪղĲָݳһȫʯͷȻüâݶεճϼ
沿ݺãһʯ壬沿ֵҤʯϡ
õʯͷر룬ʯͷʱ򣬱ܰʯͷݳǽϼôҪ
ֻһҤ¯ٻһΣֲסˣú󲢲ġ
ںʯͷ֣Ūˡ
߿ʼͼŪҤ塣
Ҥʱľͷ˸ܣʯϣࡣ
Ҥһ㡣
ľܵʲ㣬ֻɳӡ
мı²˴ľмͶʯǻ顣
Ľṹ㣬߱ȽϽ
ɳâݶΣвϼһٷ̤ࡣ
õҤʪţʲôҲֻܵɡ
ʱû𿾣ΪȲҤ
һľǵȴ
Ҥͦģ߲ʧܡ
ңЦеӣȰ߻ļ֡
ﰵһʧˣȥ˲һˣѧһѧôҤ¯
˲ôɹİɹ


56 
Ҥá
߷ǳҤ, ÿ˯֮ǰҪȥһ
ô֣أҲŵҤûɹҪڶΡ
ʮ֮, Ҥ, Ѿɺںɫ˻ƺɫ, һģ洫ĶҲ֮ǰһ
, عΡ
ڰһμҤʱ, ̲סʣ, Ҥ˰ɣ
ߵߵҤ壬оһ, ҹƺˣǷŻһԡ
¶ЦݣҸ׼𣬲ʲô
ûʲôֻҪվС
ҤʱľӣȻҤ֧Ų
ˣҤ¯ҲѾܺ, һҪһѻľӸյҪȻû취ļó
ڶһ磬ȫ˾ۼҤǰ
ߵһѿ֦Ҷ, ȷŵҤ°벿ֵ¯
һŽȥ, ̵ð˺̡
Բ۾ðĺ, ˵Ҫľ̵, ̵û, ǲǾͳˣ
Ӧǣÿ洢ж٣ܲܳɹʳ˵Ҥϰ벿ֵҤǻҲһѲ𣬡вУͻˡ
ֹ۵Ҳû£һôãҶˣҪö֣ȥŪϡ
һЦлл硣
һһȳ緹
߼ڿҤһվһ硣
ĻϨ󣬰߽ҤһٰѾˣͰһһ˳ԣŴûڻ￾ֽζ
ǾϲҤỵɣ
˵׼üҪĲã˵ͻˣҪȫˣ˵õǱ
ϰ䣬黹Щ䣬°䣬ȭͷһߣƤɣ
ۡװģż磬һֻȥļ磬Цϵȥ˴һûʲôɱ
˱ָ
Ұҡ
ֵһ졣
ŰļЦʣǲǺܾûϦǹˣҤҲˣ棬óԵġ
ﲻûʲô𣿻´γ԰ɡ
㲻⣬ҲԿһģ㡢⡢񵰶ԣҲԡ
磬ףһ°ɣǼʶһǼҤ
ߺ˵˵˵˺ܾãͬ⡣
߿¶Цؿڣﲻζ
ϴҹ󣬰ǰеС
Ʊŵˡ
Ѿһ룬ڲûţߵ룬һǳˣ׷ױʳǼҾۻᡣ
һ߼̾
ҤҲ̫ɰ˰ɣҴûôСҤ
Ҳ𣿡
Ҫôã˵˵֪Ǵڼһʲô˲õĶ
ߡ
߻ԹĿʾ⣬ʲô˵
ȻˣСǽССҤ˵֮ǰɳ
ʱ˳ǰõͰõķʷʲɳдҡ
һȺ˾ûмϲԲݣԷʷʲɳȴá
ʱǽɳǿһɳͰ
ҶģͰǳȤŰҪɳ
ɳ֣ôɳѾԼĵá
߿ó񵰣Ժôɳ
߼гԵģģǼúܿģֱҹĻ٣ŸԸǻȥ
һ죬Ҳǳġ
ߺ磬ȥ£˳Ҵɳ͸ľ
ľҲԳɳ𣿶ģ᲻ӣ
Ӧû⣬ԡҪǲо峤ԡ
Ҫˡȥ棬ûڼҰɻˡ
ǲڼ˵Ļû٣˳־͸ˣصҡ
ƭ˭أЦǱһڼҡ
λģ¶ҲÿЯţƺøŲȥԡɼڿճʱԼᣬһͲӰ
ֻȥ԰ӻ֪λѾˣҰѻˡ
λҲڼң߿ЦҪǲڣü˾˰ңôҺһӣˡ
۸˾˰ɡ
ҲǣûС
߰ٵغ꣬һЦ
ЦģȥҲСɣȥҼ˾˵˵
˲УңͰйͬԣ˵߾ңйͬԡ
һʱңʵҲ̫ࡣ
ǰ˵ʲôĬţʱ漰һЩر飬Ҳʶ
ѾöЩֵֹĶʶѾǳˡ
ңǸǳʵߡ
ߴӲй¶ʲô
˵Ϊ˲λߵˣֻҪǰȫģģǰȫġ
ң˵ʲôҲûϵ
ڶ죬һĿڸҸӡ
ñװ֮ǰݺõҶȥɽң
ͷϺң˵ңҲûȥ
߻ûȥԶ㿴ңĥʲô
ߡң¶ӭ
һΣԶ˵Ķĥҩۣ
šŶȽпգҩĥ
ңΪ˾شմ첿չ֮⣬һݾҽ
ҽּңҽԡ
˲䣬˭⣬ҵһĶ߻ȹµҩ
̽ͷһʯҰɫķĩЩҩҪĥʲôʱȥ´ұ˰æĥһ¡ǲֵ幩
ǲҲҪĥʲô̶ȡ
Ա߿š
ʱ俴ţԼ˳ĥˡ
ҡҡͷƨɺװģ̾µ
ң¶Ц⣬óܷλã䲻䣿
У֮ǰŻңҪ·ҪסɽһΪ䵽ȥû뵽⣿
ůö࣬Ҫ꣬ѩ˴|Ȼ
ôоƭңЩģģļУҲûоѩرҪǱȴȻС߳ȥᱻѩ
ѩ´ѩ֪ˡ
˵Ż߽õǰ
һҶΪνϴҶѾǳƽȥһ㶼ûиóʱӡ
óҶ󣬽׵ķľҲ˳
ôãҪЩҶڿճˣҪǷĳߣȻٽжα֯
ңĥҩۣһߡ
߲ӣҪϽŻеͿԡ
һ죬һ߷ߣôһ͹ȥˡ
߹Լˮһ죬õ˾ͷţ˺ңһһĻҲûô
ʱǻһȥȪϴ˸衣
ȻһһȪϴģΪ÷ǳɤӺʱ򣬻ܵõԷĻӦ
ϴʱҲú졣
ϴ裬ֻصң򵥳˵㿾֮󣬵͵ƣҹս
ˣ߷ˣվ˸ûʲôҪ
ûУѲأȥ
һͿˣȥѽҤͦõģǿҤ㡣
㡣
Լãľûãֻ߻ȥ
оԼˣȥʱһ㶼ûۣҲû䡣
ȻҲΪȪȫů˵Ĺϵ
ΪоܺãҲܺãֱȥյʱͿվҤǰָҤ
Ŀž
߿ţ
ڶ죬ܵظң˵ϴˣֻԼ|йһ㶼ûǵ˵ĸܡ
ûԣǾȥǸֲ
ҸûеŵˣڶҸ˵Ҫʲôˡ
ңĬš
ߵȥﻻҲˣǺɣʳ
ãҳȥתһȦҲܴܲʲôʳ
ԴӰ߽·֮ͺٻز䣬Ͳ˺Ϥ
һص䣬ںӱ߼м俾˷׷ȥտõСʳ
ߣôп
þûˣǲְһˣ
ԼЦӦûУȥ棬ȥף
ҿУˣˡһ˵Уݡ
ߺҲߵģ쿴һ£īһˡ
˶Ǹݿиٮٮߡ
ͬ˵Уߵȷһ
ЦЦڻѱߣ졣
ҿͬʱ϶Ҳһ£ڷƤӣ
߶ֹûȤ
һʵ֪֪˭
Ǽĵúܴ󰡣ǲΪŪǸҤ
ԡҤ֮󿾶ˣҸҲԣҶ໻һȥ
ô˵ʮָȤҤȴˣظҾС
Уǰߴ򽻵ٵһͥ
ĸպñȴǳһ
ȰҲһ
˫ǽѻճɻһ
߶ҵϤΪǲ̵ļ֮ͥһ
̺٣̳ͻעĿ
˭ᵽңҪһ䡣
߸𿾻ˣűɽһȥ
ɽˮӣסͬһɽͬһƬӹ
ɽһ棬ת͵ˡ
߹ȥʱ򣬴Ͱѱˣ˫վкҵİ½ѣռǡ
ҵ̽С
ΣλûǼҵѼҡҡڰڵ·ߵʱƨ|ɻһһߡ
߹ŰʮֶСĳܹһԴײ˰ߵϣ̧۾Űߣౡ
֮ǰԶԶؿ̣ûк
һôϸĿ̵ӣҲһ̵֪ϻë׵ë
ճСѼһϵëϸ۾С|ۺ죬ſɰˡ
߸оԼ
ϵ̿شۺС|ӵ°벿֣ౡ

һôôɰ
߿ŵϵ̣û˵
ߡ϶̵ĴվΪ⣬Цʲô𣿡
˵һһ㡣
Ǽҵôĵô죿ϴΰǻ
ұȽǳųžͳûˡ
˸к㲻ҪˮǼҵˮҲտ˵ˮ
Ժˮֻȿˮ˿Ǽҵ¶࣬ҲЧ£ʱֻȿˮˡ
߰ڰ֣̫ˣˮóȥϲ
ҲǣԵʯͷҪʲôҼҵ˵ãҼҵ࣬ҲͶʮ
Щʧû뵽ô١
ôҪϴɷۣǾ͸ʣʲôˡ
ϻЦҪʲô񵰣ɳ̶̣˵˵ܲŪ
òãֲʲôöҵҪǶĻһ񵰸ǻˣСһ
ǸͦСţھһౡ
һϲãֲϲСˣ̲ס˼֣һ𣿡
Сһ
߻ûüʣϵС̳һȣֱ
Сһëǳ˳ëһţƮƮ|۵С|ȥİߵָ
߱ߣߣļ

ߣèߣˣ
Сһϥϴ¶ë׵ĶƤ
ûСһΣСһĶƤ
СһƤһ⣬ߣèָС
Ҫ˼Ҹ⣬еһ£ֻè֪ʲôо
ౡڿϲ˸Ƥڰͣȥʱָʾ
ҵţҲ̫˰ɡ¶ɵЦСһĶƤ
￴߶ԼҶӶÿģЦϲ㣬ߵʱ򣬿ûôԡ
ౣСһ￹顣
߿С̳æߣ˼¡
ʱ鲻̫ãȻȥʱѾЦݡ
ڼңӣ̲סʵʲôˣ
ţ
㿴ϵЦѾֵ۽ˡ
˴Ķӡ
ǲѧηɣ
ǰɣȥʱһֱεģС̳򣬹ƽӦ÷ɲ
˵˼ңСʱҲ
ߺСʱʲôҲĶһ˺ܾõ𣿡
õñȽϾãûãܿͻˣžκ֮ת㱣ΣʱǻΪ㲻ˣû뵽Ǳˡ
ԼСʱȻֻɵ
ʣҲǱڵ˶ã
ûãƿǣ߸¾ƿˡڵŴ˿һꡣ
ôã
һеСһʱȽϳЩȽ϶̣㻹ã˵˾ڵ¡
Լ߸ˣ´μʱҪһ
ԶԹԼĻ⣬ı𣬡ôֻô
ϲϴһ
˵Щƣҽ춼ʱˣ˭Ҷûж
ı
߼˵浽ѩҲҲѩԼҲ԰ӵڣҹƳ۾ûɳˡ
Ǿٳԡ
תһ˫۾ΧֶڣСǸ˵ϴչ޺ŵˣڶ˵ԼΡ
һ֮䣬ʲôŲŵģһʱͺˣϡ
˵ô˵һγԡǸȣʲôȽ϶ĿڸиƵʳ
ϸ룬϶ûˣУѩôҲ϶ҲӲҪ˵ĻоڸеҲǴģҧйɵζ
۾һ
ǲûʲôҪȥӥĵطҡǲɽ֪𣿡
һͺ죬ң˵
ʣ˾ˣ
߽յǸͷƤһ飬æԼĿ󣬡ԣǼ˾ˡҲǿȥĲɼ֮ǰһ¸䶼ʲôɽˮ˵һ飬Ҽסˡ
ûй׷˼ӥǱߵʳҪ࣬ǼԳģҪȥңӦûҵ
ȥʼ˾ˡ
߽ϺңȥϴĻᣬô¡
ôȻ
Ǹ˵ĿԳԣӥֲϲԣҾ˳һ¡ǲǺһ
һǳҪ˺ϱܱù鷳һ˲ῳ
룬ܴȥ𣿡
ҪпգǾͿԳ
̵ͷ
ң۾ҡ
ߵڶصرʯͷ̿
ǰʱ򣬾ϲ¿һȱڣȻһѲա
ֻҪǿӿʡģΪͬʱպüʮͨܰһյ
Ҳ취
û뵽һ׼ڶ쵽ӥĵطһɽƯľͻȻЩ²ȥ֡
ԲͣҲ̫Ư˰ɣǿԳԵĴж֣
ңַűһȭͷҵȭͷ֡
Ҳ̫˷ˣ˿ԳԵĲֻֿ֣ܵ𣿡
ʳ룬ֻܵա
ֺͣϡ
ôߴһ֪Ҫꡣ
Ϊ˳һоǾͰҲ̫ƻԴˡ
ңڱϵ
תͷʣôߴǲǲ
ǵңĿɳչ
һﶼöļ˾
ô೤֮⣬Ҳûʲô˻ǵģ뿳Ϳûйϵ
˶٣ң˵ˣǿԼȥвٳ֡
ԥ˺һᣬ˰ɣ²ȥ֣ܾΪԼ|ôһе̡
˵ˣȴеɥһƨ|Աߵϣͷ¶һСƬղ˵
ңһϡ
һңļ˵Ҫǲ뿳ҴȥһĢ
ڻĢ
ĸڶСڲĢҰɭһֿԳԵĲݣֲֻ֮ᶳһͶеƤ
ƤߵĶ䲶׽ԼȤĶתͷ۾һˣǲҧе㵯ԣûʲôζĶ
šҲϲ
Ҳֶһŵӽȥԡ
ҪԣȻȥҡ
Ȼˣھȥɡ
ƨ|վ
ң˵ЩݳϣҪȥ
Ǿߡ
ȥ̫ѩ̫ˡ
ңҪߵ
ˣΪҪ֣ԼĴ֮С
ңˣҪһЩѩԵů
߾ϲؿֺůС¯
ңһֳֻ鶯һ£øȡ
һһɽߡ
ûһңҵīɫĲݣкһ޶ݡ
ֲе̦Ѿûˮ֣һͿԳһƬ
ǣЩݵĸϵƤûɳӡ
һ£ŵǹɴζЩ޶ȥʱϴһǳ㡣
ϲһзĶ
Ϊûоֱ÷ڻȥ·ϣ˸衣
ϱӵĸ裬ѾǵøˣɻμԺ
ַ츳ױȣʱɸת
ңɣҲˡ
˲˲Ģӡ̦ȥ
ңֱͰ߻ؼҡ
ڷֱʱң˵Һ˲˵ӣ㲻ӣҲƵĶѲأһˡ
û뵽־ϲϵı鶼ˣģ
Ӧû·ʮԶҪȥĻ׼
ҲԶ˷ܵЦݣҪҵӣҳȥ¶ԡ
ôã¾͹ˡ
ǿ϶û⡣
վԭضӡ
ҪһȺ𣬵ڽ죬ĻôҲ˵
ߴδң˿ɰһʱ侹᲻ߡ
ң֪ô£ҲûҪȥ
ǰʣҪȻҼҳҽܲܰѹ
ǲˣȻȥ
ǵȻϴʱҸȻ
ңͷűΣųշɡ
ĿȥͷһĵվԶ
һҺͼ˾ûʲôһ
ʲôûʣ䲻䣿Ѿ÷ˡ
䲻䣬ôô磿ҲһЩ̦˾˵̦Ҹԡ
ߴûԼһţͻô࣬ķϻֱ񶵲סһһִ
ֱͦ˼߽ţŷִģȻһĺ
ݡ
߼ֱ˼ûʲô£ôųӣ
˰ֻܹĵվҲǳˣͱŵˡ
ˣ˰
ô飿һͿԹؿԼԴĪôˣô֡
ûС
Ҫʲôҹæ
Ǹأ
ͲһȪȥˡ
仰ЩŵûһȣȪ
ǰô죬˵һȥȪȥȥҿû˵һȥ
ߴĻȥȪòȥ˾ǿȪݰɣ
ô᣿˾˲ϲ˴ţ²ݣҲȥݰ
Ǿͺã
ţһ¡
ؿһۣԴ̧̧ʾˡ
ʲô
ʶͷһĨĨһֺˮ
ϳ˵̫ȡ
ͷô£
ĶԼΪ
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
˵İɣ˾˭Ҳȥš
ʲôҲû˸ȥʡ
ߵɴ۾ѼӲǲʲôˣ
ЦЦû˵


57 
߶ϱӳĹȫûеֿ
, ϴ̦ˮĽʴϴȻѴϴĽʶˮ, øɾ͵չ, ŵ
ˮɫ, Ҩһ㣬˴, ܸо״塣
Ӧɹˡ
οؽ˵, ѩ
Х
̦Һʱ˵ɫ͸
ĨľƬһ, ˳
ŵĲľζζС
ϴɾֽС飬ٷϼ顢, һˮһ裬ݽͳ˾õСʳ
һһ룬ȥſڣý߷ţ磬쳢̦
ʲôţ̦ʳ
ԡ, ϽôóһΡ
, ӹһ, Ҩһͽ
嵭΢Ĳľζ, ˮĹ, һӳȥ, Ŀڸз·𽫶ĸ︧ƽˡ
۾һؿ룬Ȼͦóԣ
ߵ⣬ǵȻƭ㲻ɣ
һЦڷһһڽꡣ
˸ڸԺ۰ɡ
úãζҲáδ֣һٳһ롣
Ҳٳһ룬滹һ裬ȥһ㡣
Ұ֡
߽һ۶˳ʢ룬硭
Ҫһ˾ǰɣͷҲ̧֪ˣȻǸǻһ˵
߿һۣѡʲôҲ˵ɾչޣ۵չһӻ֣ȥˡ
˵ࡣ
ʲô˵ȫ
űȥң
ңһȥϴ衣
һأΣƤ¶ȴӱóһۣ̦ۣȻȪʱԿ϶ˬ
㲻䣿ңóƤҪݸ
֣ˣȥȪ
ңüһҾͳαرΣ
ⲻۣһʱˡߣȥȪǱ˵
ߴʳȪϴӲҰ͡
һһȪţɤ죬Ȫ֮ƽ˼Ȥζ
Ҫȥ˲顣
ߵǰ㡣
ڶһڻ߳
˵˵ţͻȻλˣңȥһˡ
û˵꣬īüԣ˵жԶ֪ɹȥҪȶϡ
ûī˵꣬һīϣʲôֲûȥرԵӴҪԼȥһǷɲȥ˾Ը϶ܷɹȥ
û뵽һ¡
ԤϣͬӦǸ
λڻ߸
ߺͰһֽۣţԱߴҳԹԵصĽ
ī˵˵ȥ˵£߸ż˾ˣȥ֣
ʲô֣˵ڻûʲôʲôѵҪֹ
û뵽ᵽԱСľһֻ֣Һͼ˾ûʲô
仰λһºӡ
λ
Ҫī˵ڷ
˼Σīӣʾ˵
ߺͰһ죬һأǲҺǰӡ
īɸֵؿһۣ˵˵ˡ
˵˵ù⣬ֲʮ꣬Ѿˣ˵˳Ҫ볲
˵ôҲ㿴ȥѩɽҶӣ˻ĴϺˣ
һ˵
ûϺȣǱңĴ|ȡ
һĿͶƱһͬȥء
λ׻ˣʣߣǾȥҪҪʲô
ȻҪ˾˵ôһ㶫αװ̣һ˵ʱ򣬲
˽ԽĲأɴС
С̶ȣÿǵ˵顣
ΨһȥĲ䣬ˣҲκľ̡
˲ٴ汲һطǶ͸ˡ
ÿ˶ϲ
Ĳ仹̡ͦ
˲Ǹ⡣
˵½ıȽԶڴ½һǣΨһƫľˡ
СǼҲǻôƤӣҪȻǱһƤӹȥܻܲʲô
о̫Сǿ˵Ĳ䣬ǱߵҰޱ߶ˣǶȱƤӣôȱƤã
ҲеʲôҪɳɳôóԣȥ˲䣬һܻӭ
ɳʵߡ
ԽԽÿУ˲Ұ޺ܶ࣬һûǶ࣬ǿ϶ԴҲ벻ϻɳֶ
δɳȥҪǳˣ´׵ʱ򣬻ɳ
룬оƻĿУĴָ磬
ɳĶôͳҴ˷ܵЩ죬ʲôʱߣҰɳ
ȻɳڱȽ϶̡
¶±Ƚϵͣ߹ƶౣһ£Ҫˡ
ǵóʱֳ
ߵҼ˾һ£ʲôʱӦҲ⼸ˡ
ߴ٣ȥʣҡ
ϣߺңڵ⡣
ң˵ȥѲһأɨ꣬ǾͳԤ󡣡
׼ɳҪõĲϡ
ɳ㻹ʲô
ٴһӡǴȥС󣬵ʱһҵˣ˲˲ǴߣǾõֻӸǻԸԸ⡣
ͷѾܷḻʳϣǳһȥӶûռԷıˡ
ңٴһϲǹȥ
ϲǣĥһ£ҲԡҼϲˣٳȥңܲҵ
Ҵȥ
㲻ҪȥѲأ
˳㡣
ȲҼˡ
ȥȥ
ȥ
ߺԥ꣬ͰͰתͷʣܴҸһȥ𣿡
ԡҵķסˣں˻Ƚϳ
û£Ҹм䣬ҶһᣬΪʲôĳ׼
߻ؼҺͰһ˵ʮ˷ܡ
ڼﶼˣ˾˻ҵϲݣ
Ҫô˵Ǽ˾һ˱һȥһ㣬ʣµľڼﵱˡ
߼Դۡۡϲо
ɷ̫ΣգҲͲɹһΡ
׻ã˶ǵ۲ɣҪ۳һ֣Ҳɲʲô
֮£ϲо鷳һ㣬Ҳֻˡ
ߣ֮ûô䣬ڼұôãѾЩȲŹһ䡣
˸ңȥϲо
ҵϲݳůɽң·ɽ£һ˵ıװˡ
ϺͰһǡ
ǰǵ֣ҹͽϲ֭Ũϲǡ
˽ϲ֭ˢ͵ϣ̧Ժﶳš
˯ѺȥԺｫģ顣
󣬵õİϲа
߻ʹؿͶɹллأŪˡ
ӱ̽ԴôǹӦùˡ
Թߴ㲻Ҳˡ


58 ð
ңȥѲ, ڲ˼顣
Щ̫ķգǱŵı𲻾ˣ
²װߵ, , ֻҪȥС, ·رˣջر, ѵҪջ񵽵𣿡
˲䲻ͬ˲䡣
ңһļ˾
˵طΧ, ֻҪ룬Խеæ
˵ؾͲһˣԷѾԷæ
㹻ˣö, ˵ٶҲô졣
ǸһҲܷǧ˲
߽˵һ飬ܽһǾ׼
ô׼
֮ǰǰҶߣҴһ߱һ, һŵ
㲻Ǳˣ
ⲻʱûо
֯һȽҪ飬һ£ζûŪɹֻʱ, Ժĥ
׼֮ǰ, ߽Ķһ顣
ϲǡҡ顢󽴡ЩǱȽҪƷ
Ѿ͵ò, ÿӳһ£ʿɿ, ֱ·
ԭ, ôһ, øС, װһЩҪ·ûʲôȽϺóԵʳø鵱˳ԡ
˽Ѳصĸܴľϲ֮⣬߷ֺϾƾȻҲˡ
ӾŵһŨŨľζٰᵽ棬һ̳ϺɫľҺѾֳ㣬ϰǾ֭°ǻǵĺҡ
ʲôζԶŵƵζչҲܳ԰ɣ
ܣҪһ𣿡
æҡͷ
ЦЦȥϴ˸ɾ͵ӳС㵹̳һӾҺ
ľǻǵϺɫɫû⡣
Сĳһڡ
ϾƵζе࣬еᣬе
ζ֯һγɷǳӵĿڸУԿ϶ǣ̳ûѾɹˡ
߷ӣתͷ磬ʵ治
üˣʲôζ
֪ˡٵһӵݸ
Сؽӹ촽Ȼ촽
վԭϸһоƺûôɽܣŽľһ
һȥһӺӿյе͡
ôһҩζ
ԼΣͲҩζˡõҰѾƹһ£һʱǱ̳ư
ҲŲʲô
ЦЦȥϴ˼õĲľҺ˳
¹˳ľƷǳɫҲƯࡣ
С̳ʢٴܷó͡
˳ĺԭ̳װţ㿴Ժܲˡ
ȻһжҪ˲˵
ң˸죬Ű߳
˵طɣʵϷɣƹѩɽ͵˵ĵط
һҲкܶȺ˵Ⱥʨ塣
ң֮µġ
ʨսûеôߣңûϼ˾ʱʨ廹һĦ
ңĻ˵ʨ御һȺϲ룬ʹռ˵ˣǰû͵͵˵ڴԡ
û뵽ңʨô͡
û뵽ңֵ¸кܸߵˣʨ㶼ûдǽ˼
߲£𽻻ңϣѵʨռ˵ıռ
ǰߵĲ²⡣
ļ˾˻ǳ٣û۹ʨ壬Ҳû˵ฺ̫ݣûбʾҪ͵޶ʨڵĶ
ֻ˵ʱŵȫʨ档
ңٶȷǳ죬ǵһ͹ѩɽѩɽһɽϢ
Ѿʨĵ̡
˴Ķǳ࣬Ϊ˱ⱻʨ巢֣Ҫ鷳ûгȥԣԵǴӼĴ
ߺң죬ûʲô˹ĵط
ʲôʡ
·һ죬Ǿȵң˴ϡ
ҹˣϢ
߱ңţšһָֻһ⣬Ҫȥıߣ
ңϷѩӷɵϴɽ֮Ĳݡ
źӵĻǲرˣ
һѩɽѩˮɼӣѩһһǣǷɸһ㣬Ƶ·ܲȿǡ
仰ˣľڵϼ򵥻һµͼϢȷ𣿡
Ӧں̲Ϣʳ࣬ʨ٣ϢȽϰȫ
ãǵһص㡣г̽ţҪҪǰ׼ʳ
ãӦһϢʱ䡣
˵һ⣬һࡣ
Ҫʣңļ򣬡Ϣٸ˵
߹ƤҪҹҹʱһ£㡣
òţ˯Ҳ
ңֵȺжоԵơ
˶γеľѾ֤һ㣬߲Ļ
ô˵ĵعƤ˯ȥˡ
ѩɽԭԸоôǻƵģҺ䣬ܴһƵĸо
ץʱ価ϢϢãڶң鷳
⣬һдӼ
ڶ˺ˣݲݳ˶緹֮ųϷɡ
߷ϵʱ򣬺ܿͷϼĶ
ҲදûϲСͶΪ
ǽûմԣ߿һۣͷңʵʵǰɡ
һɾͷĸСʱ˻ͣˮȥ֮⣬ûͣ
ȵʱ򣬰߾ֱֻ۵ĲУϢһ£Ӧûܼɡ
ƽʱڲٷڳҪٷȻûԹѼ衣
۹ͷˣûʲôθڣ򵥳˼ƬѬ֮󷴶Ÿˮޣཹһˮ
ңͣ
ô鷳ֳֺˮһˡ˵Ҳ֣ôԶȻûһʨˡ
˻ˣԴΪûôִ࣬󣬷ɢҲס
һ£ʲô˼ǲɼ
ɼǵҲԴΪ˻ס˵ƢԱȽº͡
˺˵ıô𣿡
ţ
߸пôһ˵ҶǵͦȤˡ
øȤ·Ҫûá
ģʲôԸˣϲĿ϶㡣
ץʱϢһ绹Ҫɺܾá
죬һֱڷС
߷ʨرǰҪöࡣ
Ϊʨ壬˻ˣʳ⣬ˣʵʳȺʳֻռʳеһС֡
ʨִʳȺҪزû㹻ĶɹʳǿܾҪˡ
ǧ磬治С
ңȥһĵطҲвϲȺ
ȻǸȺϲ⣬սʨ廹ߡ
ߺԶĵطЩʲô
ңûεʱʵҲͷɵ½ĵȻμ˾ȥΡ
ڸԶĵطʲôҲ
Ŀг㽡
һӺôһ˫Զʲôȥ
ڵʱǿ˸´
˵Ǻһ
Ƿϣֱܿŵƽߡ
ϷһŻεĵƽ߶Ƭɫĺ
˹·һƬ̣²ˮɫƮƮѻγһƬ
ڼɼƬʱͶϲ£Ͳĳ
ౡ
Ƭ̫ˡ
Բ۾ԱңӰγʲôҲûҵǼƬѾֵˡ
ңųʾ·ɡ
һƬԭ
Щԭϳϡϡදˮ
ܿͨ
ǲ֪ûгˮڡ
±Ƚϸߡ
˵ڱѩһƬֻǶһЩѩ
ѩܱѩŵĲݣЩݶѩѣëðںչ
ңŰźɣʾ۲µĲݡ
߾һϸ۲졣
ź˺ܳһξ롣
µľɫǺͲݡ
ҪҵһҪ㹻ĺҲûзɶãûż
ȵ绹ûҵ˱ȥ緹
ˮвݡ㡢ޣ㣬һִַֻֻңӺϿշɹ䵽ϣһץһ㡣
רƬƬҵ񵰺ͺץȣֱ˳ԡ
˳Եʱ򻹵֭ϲԭζԭζϲζζ˻ܺһ
ں߿۾ܴӺ洵ʪ΢磬оʮ⣬ҪҲСǾͣɡ
Ҳ߿϶˵Сֲ꣬һҡ
ǼᶨģŬطƯƸһ롣
ҪϲľɫϿס
ϲֻҪסںߣﶼϲ
߻˵ʱ򣬾ǧѰұȶԣңȷ￴Сֲ߾ٲӱˣңǰɡ
ңŰߵɽɣһδɿݵСӱϣҵֲӰ
ϤӰεð۾ۡ
û뵽ôãȻҵˣ
ౣ
첻ˣ
߼òУڿУౡʾң¿
Ϊ̫Ӷˡ
ֻڿƨ|ɳԴϣֻצߣĳͣŷ磬ౣ
쿴Ǳߵ£
Ǹӣ
Ҷɫ߷ԼϹˣҲϴֲ̱
ңҲ˵ֲһѡ
Щ˳أֱӴ˵ϡ
µֲǰ˵ӣεջԲСһƬصĲѣǾͿ۸һ
һȵ·ȥû䵽ؾͱΣ׶ĵطֱžߴһˤݵһ¹
ӳƵˤþԲᡣ
Լ⣬æǰ壬嵽Ǻֲ̱ǰųӣתͷ˷ܳң쿴
ң̫ˣҾôģһ˵û뵽ܴҵǧ֮ҵӣ
ңΣóƤӵϣȰ·ЬӴϡ
һ㶼䣬ϻȺ
˵˵ʵʵشƤºЬӡ
֮Сľһġ
һԣҰδѱ֮ǰö̫ãĴӣȻȽϴ󣬵ǵϽʵࡣ
ֵܲҲǣˮ飬ձԱȽСƤҲܺ
ҵЩӾͲһˡ
ֲ곤ô|Ҳܳʵر
߿ȥ֮ССһأջʵӡ
߽ؿеӡ
ңûôԱѣȷ˵ӣ
Ӧǣмһģһ
ҪӦãȳ
ӿֱӳԣæҵ¼šӡ£ƣһԶ
ζô
ңû꣬޵ذʳ³ңݣⶫôôࣿ
ң־һʵϸƷһ£Ҳʳ³
ʵȷʵ࣬࣬һɬζԲܳԡ
ǲҴˣ
ӦѽĿһģһ߾һ뵽ǰ㿴ϳŵëëһģһôҴ
Ҳܿࣿ
ûУǵӾʳζûһζ
ǾҴˡ
ô
߲ģԱʳĺۼҸոտðƮˮϵӣ˵޶ġ
˰죬ֻʵǲӱˣŴ˿ζϺǰʶһģһġ
һж˵ҲпܵҴˣƬԭϻƵӡ
ҵðƻѾôˣôܻӣ
ңֱ۽߰ɣȥһңҲ죬˵Ŵţˡ
һ仰Ҳ˵ͷɥظ档
ֱڣﻹĲǵȷӣӵζûô
ⲻӣôǼڸҵһˡ
ߺǵ䡣
ңϸһң˵Ǿҵˣ죬ҪҲҲԺʨ˽Ӵܱ
СֹǻأҲһǡ
˭Ҳ˵߰ɡ
ǣ֣Ƭԭ
Ǿɥûע⵽ǣŵ֡
ź˺ܾãһ·϶ðӣ֮⣬ûʲôмֵʳ
ҰˣҲ˲еҰˡ
Ҫ˲ůһ㣬·ϵʱԸоϵҪһЩ
ɫĿҰݣҲҰˣӣе㲻ˡ
Ƶʱңһ£㿴ʨ˳ԵҰˣǱûС


59 ²
ң˵Ұ˵ʱ, ΪֻתԼע
ʲôϣصͷƳһۡ
¶ǿݻƵĻĲݣֻ͸϶ܿһƬɫ
ɫ̫С, ̵ԼԼ, ߿ò̫, Ҳ̫Ȥ
ݵϵҰô࣬˲Ұ˶, Ұ˴пɬζ, óԡ
ȫǧرҰ˻ȥ
Сʧܣֻ⡣
ѾˣҪַ⣬Ĩϸ鿾죬ҧȥ֭, ÷Ŀڸο˵顣
Ұʲôġ
һڶԡ
ٿˡ
ӣҡҡͷŲӼǰߡ
ңȴͣ˽Ų
ߺ, Ҳͣ˽ŲͶȥɻ
Ұĺóԣʨ˲ϲҰˣȴÿ궼ԵҰˡʱóԡң, Ұ, Ұε㳢֪ˡ
߳һ, ʵڳƣֻζ, һ档
˭֪һ, ҲŲ
ⳤеĶ, ôôһ߲ˣ
ݣ
Ƿ·ת, ɣ
ҪҪô̼
ԽҰԽϤ۾һ
µҰҶʺܷʺһˣɫĲ֭һִ̱ǵζ
ζ߽ζͬζȫһϵζ
Ǿ²ˣ
߲˼صԲ۾
ϱӺȥտʱ򣬾²ơƿǱ䣡
տ
²˿˵ᴩһļһ߲ˡ
ϴ
߽²Ҷ˽ԽԽȷǾ²ˣǹζһģһ
˰
ƬؾȻо²ˣ
ңվԱ߿ϵɫȥ¶Ц⣬ϲ
ţپһѾ²ˣһ㶼ˣ
ڵȥ
ϡҿֵʯͷû뵽ʨǿ鱦أ²˶С
ÿ䶼ԼزԺٴȥز
ǵԼ궬ˣǴһ䣬ȡѱĲزǵز
ҵ˾²ˣ߸
ҵֵʯ飬ңһڲݴ²ˡ
һң߻һ˵²˵ֳԷ峴ըˣ˵û֣˵ңﶼ
Ƕڵ㣬²˵ȽǿŸʮһ㶼⡣
ŲסҲû£Եʱһˡ
ⲻ鷳طôԶʨ˻Ա߻񡣡۾ؿңСȻǻɣҪʨ˷֣ƻᱻëˡ
ڣҪôһ죬ұɡ
߿ֹ
ңʾ˵
Сʣ˵ıֻܱԼ˺δŮ
ˣ
ԴȺԸ⿿ӣ첻˵
˼ھ²ˡ
ľ²˶һԾ²ˣһֻ־ȫȫס
ڻǶ죬²дĻҶҶժҶҶʣµĿʳò־͸ˡ
Ұˣֵķۡ
ֵЩЩ²˵ζҪŨطζ㡣
߽ҰһСŵ
ŵʱ̽ͷۣСֹ˵ġ
ʲô
ϱӣޣ˼˲˳Բ꣬õݰѲ룬ȥϻɱĶ
Ұ̫࣬ȥֱԭҲȥ
ǿɲһҰû뻻ӹĻϡеҰ˾Ͳһˡڸ̯ԣ϶Ը١
˵ŻѾӺߵɽ¡
߱ųصıôãһ㶼ۡ
ջĸо̫ˡ
ֱЦٴ߻غߣ̣·ڵľ²Ӧùˡ
̫ǻһ·ңһۣɽұߣ߱·
̫Զɽûȶȣķȷʵܡ
߽ͷƤñӹңɽһߡ
ɽǻ£ɽɽһȥɽ赲һС࣬Ҳࡣ
߳ңĴָ
ϵ˾ǲһ
ɽ֮Ҳغߡ
ӻ´źһܵߡ
ɽ߱ȽůѩҲԽ٣ɽǱÿܿݲ϶šѩñӡֻż
߶ߵ²ûʲôоȻǿҵ˵һԾ²˵ʱ֪ˡ
ɽ¶²󣬶ߵֲҲҪӰ졣
µľ²˾Ȼ˾²˻
һСذװ̵ģδľ²˻
룡ߵһ԰
ʲô
߲ӣԾ²˻ң²˻ɽĻζرá
ֽ
ϸǾ䣬һӽεɽܷⷢͺͺܺóˣԣζǡҡͷԣһ붼ˮ
߸˵Ƕ²˻ǻصңҾͰѾ²˻ɽҲûˣʱպԡ
ôöǷ۵ʱպ²˻Ҳ㹼
ңٲɵ㡣˳һӡ
˵Χź߼طûбķ֡
ɾ²˻ʱôãȷʵûӡ
ʵϾ²˻Ҳܶࡣ
²Ӧò֣ĢһʱһطżԣʱԶҲһԡ
ʱȤζ
˱ž²ǰߡ
²˲࣬һĲȴ༫ˣһƬ̺̿һ
عζˡ
ֲݽģԸһַ
ʿԲãһЩʳݶԵʱͲԡ
Ϊ̵ĹϵܸõЩʵйʱҲὫӴԶ
߿Щݣʵڲġ
ôѣʳĻЩݣˡ
ֻǲóԣӦò̫˲ϲĻιιû̫ɣ
ңİۣǲǿô
ƣ
ͺζһɣ
ʵڲУԵƾð
ңǰĲݿڹ˾²ˣʨˡ
⡣߿Ųݣ࣬룬ǲԵĻܲιҪҲϲܲٿ;
뷨
һ㡣Ǵȥ˵
뽫ЩʵҲȥңһھ²һ۲ѡ
ѱȰеĻҪʵ䣬ȥһ£ѽ˵ֻ|ۡ
һᣬԼ֣Ҳ̫ˣǻǰѲݾһˣôȥι򡣡
߼ҵĲϴò̫㣬˲ݻȥһӹι򣬲ݾҲι
ţ˸ݾŵһ
ݾеĲζͲζԶûŨ񣬺ݵζûʲôӦò
˿ʼݡ
˵ܴ󣬰ߵϱ˵Ҳö࣬ڻ¡
ȷʵֲݣһܸһƬЧʱھ²˵ʱ߶ˡ
ûһᣬ˾͸һ
߸²һҲ
ֻЩ̫࣬ŲֻʱڵϣҪߵʱٱš
̧ͷʱ׿صͶɹдŽ
Һʱ֯״ȥʱЩһɾܱȥ


60 ʨ
ɵĻǳࡣ
̫ûɽ, ߾͸оˡ
Ҫǻ̫ˣûô˯һ̫ʱ, ̲סһǷ
ֽ߱žͲң, Ҳû, Ϻȵһ
˿ˣҲ˵Ȼң϶ȥ˯
鶼ң
һûһظŲݣʯǺܷ, Ҳ¸֡
۾һ߸ɻһߴ˯ʱңȻվֱ, һ, ɫص˵ˡ
һˣվֱ, 
˰, Ŀ˲ݻǲݣѹקңֱۣʵǿ, ŵζ
ҲŵζǸ򡣡
ңָһ򣬰˳ָĵطȥ, ʲôû
ңӲ˵ѡ
û϶⣬ңж⡣
վԭ, ͼӷв׽İ͵ζ
˰, 绹ķ, ʱ򶳵ñǻۡ
Ϊ̫⣬ڷŵһζҲ֪ǲǺĴ
ңǰһѰ߻ں棬ʨˣ̣
ң˵Ծƽԡ
˿
ãڳԲͨ⡣
ң˵ʱ򣬶ŲݴԵĳط
һǿ顣
˶˺һݴһֻɫĴʨӡ
߻ǵһôݵĴʨӣʶһ
ֻʨëצӴСè۾ɫף֫ŵص״̬Ҳǰ˶١
ʨӵвʮ㡣
ôľ룬߻ĪЩ䡣
ңüû̧Ը̸
ʨǰһſ±ΣһֱϵƤ䵽䣬պס
ʨվѸٽΧŵǿƤչϣؿ˵ΪҲ֪˵ļ˾ң
ߴң̽Դǵļ˾ˣҪģǰ̰ߣáʲô
ˣʨ⣬˼֣ʨ
֪ԷΪʲôӦ
ûоԷӦҲ˲Ŷԡ
ʨӺϱӵʨӲһϱֻйʨӲݵë
⣬ܿ˻Ѿǲͬˣ϶һϱӿûܱɶˡ
ʣɫˣҪǵعҹ
ߵͷǷ˺ܾãԭȥǲ䣬ԽǵϢһ𣿡
һᣬȥǵ峤
˽󣬾ҪΣȥǵ峤
ڱȥǵ峤֮ǰعͷвȣҪȥĵطȻΪҪս
˵꣬ҲûȰǵĽһӦʨֱˡ
߶Ųۣ뵽ʱˬӣС죺ҸоǺÿᰡûеô
˻ԣ˲С
ңһֱ˵˭У⣬˵Ʒ²𣿡
֮һȺϲͶȡɵļһ
ʨ˵ٶȺܿ죬ûļ䣬ִżֻʨӻˡ
Ϊ׵ֻʨӸ䣬ϵļҲǿ׳
˵һδѸͣôʨ˵ǿ׳䡣
ȷԷǵ˺󣬰̲סͶȥ͵Ŀ⣬۾ðˡ
ߵĿ̫̹ϣϵĽ̫ԡ
ʨǵǽµʱۿǣһϰߵĿ⣬ֻʨӶ⡣
ΪֻʨӲͣ˽Ų˸ɲ
ŵļֻʨӣҲˢˢ˸ɲ
ʨ˾͵رΣԭ·
Ϊ׵ʨ˵ͷʨ峤磬ӭǣ˵Ĵ˾ңͰ˰ߡ
æͷ峤Ǻáǰ̣Ʒǻ
ܿһĶ𣿡
ˡǡϡӡ߽ײĶһչʾǿ·ϻѼһЩǸȤĻҲԸǽ
ߴĶ֤֮࣬һˡ
쿴󣬡ҹȫȥǵĲɡ
߿ңɫûзԵ˼شԵĻǾٺòˡ
ǰǱһֶ
ʨĲҲһɽԱ߾Ǵӡ
Ĳˮӡ
߿ʶľɫַһЩ
ǹͣʨ廹һξĵط䵽˵ϱΣ·ȥʾ⡣
ʨ˷ڣңҲ׷¶ֵɫ
Ƕʶң
Ա߹۲죬Щ
ңɲǼ֮
ԱߵԸڵ˺󣬴ǽȥ۾ӵء
߷ʨķӺǵķֲͬ
󲿷˾סĵطһѣʨ岻ǣסĵطƤӡľͷӣƤӡ
ӿǳ飬ҲСȲǴѡ
Ȼһˮһ顣
һĹ۲ʨĲ䣬һ󷽷ʨ˴
ʨ˵ĸͷȽϸߣҲȽǿ׳
ңͰߵ㳡ʱΧʨѾǳˡ
ǲң˵ֻң˻ͬ
˵̫С߲֪ǴʲôܸоЩʨ˵УһĿ䵽ңϣһ䵽ϡ
ʨ˶ĺ棬ȻͶңĺƽɫ
ĵЩ˼
峤ʨǱгԵ
ºʹԣǳ˵ǻЩһ־ȫͬķ顣
Щ棬ʶԴķȥ
һһ˵۾
һߴˣ𷢱ۣƤףͷڣȦʮ־ʡ
ߴһ˲
֮󣬻ǵһμô֦չˡ
Ǹ˾ˣǺܻ˺ˣҲܸо˽Ȼͬʡ
̧ۣǸмˣÿ˶øƯģأңǲ֪еˡ
̫ˡ
ڰ߾Щ졣
æתͷңңŰġ
ңʢװ磬ҲȺÿˡ
ңͰߵůĻ¡
ʨϵʢݸǣŰЦǺǣǵ˺ÿɣҪϲǲ
һûȣЩȥæҡͷÿǺÿûǸ˼лл
Կһǲûٺ˵Ĳ
ĬĬŲŲƨ|ɣңһЩ
ѾˣȺең
糯˵ͷ
˸ǵЦЦתæȥˣ˵
ң飬߲岻ϻԱһûһţܿ챻ԱȥСĿ⡣
ЩСеΣеΡ
εС˵ȻҲܿɰҲǱȽϿɰСӣ߼ʶ㣬ô
εСһһëףëҲúŨܣܴ֫׳ײײеûµС
̫ɰˡ
߸оԼĿ̲סһֱɨСʨӡ
ߡ纰
߻عͷǸЦЦر𡣡
ͷʣǴôණ뻻Щʲô
˵£뻻һЩеġʳõֲȥ
Ǹӵˣ
һ£Ц˲Ӧûеڶӵˡ
ҵȥЧ𣿡
ЧʱǺԣҲûʵáĿǰǴҰɼȽϻ㡣
üͷ˼һ£˵Ļ˼ڳֲΪʲôͻȻ뷨
ҲͻȻҺ뷨ˣֻǳ󣬲һЩֲ߽͵ֵҲֻ࣬ԡ
һ˵ʯͷ˷ӣ
ԡӡ
԰ߵķӷǳȤԱ˺ܶ⡣
漰ֵݱȽϸӣܻشĶʲôҪ⡣
߷ǳģܴöˣƵʱشʱ򻹻ԭʨһЩչ졣
Ա߾£ʨԽԽ࣬Ҷʯͷӷǳ档
꣬ٹȥСʱʨ˶԰ߵ̬Ҳ׽ࡣ
СʨӶ԰ʵں棬ĴչҲû
ë׵СʨӾֱߣ̲סһСʨӵԴ
СʨӵͷǹǷǳԲëֻëʮ˳
ΪѾ˶ĹϵСʨӵëǳɹۣߣһ֣оë̺֮С
СʨӱߣҲûܣ̧Բ۾ؿ˰һۣ쳣
߸оԼĶҪˣЦùıץһϲǳʣǿԳ𣿡
磺ʲôǣ
һϲǵݸ磬ŵݸԱˣ˳Ҳһĸң
Ʒ֮󣬵ͷ
ֵ߱ؽϲιСʨߡ
СʨӵԲ۾һȦǲԣۺͷһ򣬱ѰϲǾˡ
߸оСʨͷϵĵ̣һ֮󣬸Ǳè
˴èĿ֣۾۶Ҹ
໣ϲڻСʨӵϣԲ۾ôצȥԼıӣԲǾ棬໡
е񹷽С
ֻСʨӽг֮󣬱ˣСʨȫŤë׵ƨ|ɣԴ˵ȣǰ໣
ʨѵԼСӣ̸أգС俾ʨǰɣβͶȥˡ
ʨ˵쳤ֻرСʨӵƨ|ɡ
Сʨӵƨ|ɵγⲨΪëֳⲨرԡ
ֻСʨӱ֮󣬻Ȼһ£ǰ˼Լë׵Դ͵˰ϥߡ
ץһϲǣûʨ˰ٵؾܾÿֻСʨһǡ
СʨǸˣԱ໽ţЩ˵ϴ˹¶Сӡ
ǶϵëҲܺ񣬿ɰˡ
̲סʣһ𣿡
һֻСʨ֮⣬ܿƣСʨӶԴˣҲû֡
Ц⣬ɡ
лл峤
߿ֵ˫֣СʨԲԲԴ
εõ˼ҳǵ׼һ㶼ûǰСʨǵԴֱסǵĶ䡣
СʨǵĶҲǳʵźë߽ǵĶ䲦ȥ仹ԶصǳŴ
۾ˣһֻСʨ͵ң£رһ
߲֪˿Լ۾жֵЦиȾ
ң˶٣ֻСʨӵԴ
Сʨﺬǣؽһצһ£߸æƨ|ɡ
Сʨӵˣ㲻ٶڰϣëܴӰָ©
߿Сʨ۾Сʨӵ°ͣĶǶǡ
СʨӺøˡ
ںĶ죬һֻСʨӾһůůֱ
߱Сʨӣ̲סӿץһϲǣιһ顣
ֻСʨѾԵǣ͵С̲ס͵ػΪʨӣǰ
¶մÿֻСʨӶһǣǵԴǷ
ϥֻСʨӲ֪ʲôʱú˯ˣСʨҲԴһһ㣬ſԼǰצϣҲҪ˯ˡ
ңڰ߶ߵʣϲС
ߴսߣصֻϲС棬ϲ
˵ʱ򣬰߻СʨӶ˶
ֻСʨѾ˯ˣֻǿ˯ò̫ȡ
߽Сʨӻʨ塣
ʨ˱ԼҵСʨӣȥ˯
Ϊһ磬˲ϲǣҲӮʨĺøС
صذŵһԿʵУָƤӡ
뿪ǰʣҪҪǼ˾Źһ˯
һ²ŷӦ񱻻̵Ƶģæ֣ҺǼ˾˲ֹϵ
ȻǣĿԿǲ䡣ǲÿˡ
Ҳ̫ϲˡ
Щ⣬ܿҲԡ
Ŀɿڴ
ô
˵˻˶˰ûʲô
߹ҡͷ
ЩźҪǺǲһпܻСʨӵĿܡ
ҲС
ЦЦ˯ɣҰǵļ˾ŵҪ㻻ʲôۡ
ߵͷȴڼҪ뿪ʱԥŽס峤԰Ǽ˾˰ŵҸ𣿡
⣬ͷǼ˾ҲôҪģڲԶǸͷ
ߣˣϣϻЭ顣
˶٣˵ʲô󣬵ͷġ
㾲һһůС֮Уȴ˯š
֪ΪİĵطڲϤΪûϤˣȥһֱ˯š
һԺһ֡
߽쾭ҵӵĿϲ־˷ֲӵʧҵ˾²˵ϲãСʨӵ죬ʨ̸еĽţʵѾǳƣˡ
·˯ţ˾ڱȴһ˿˯ⶼûС
⣬ӵƤַһ
Ȼʨˡ
ܾϹŵװƷе졣
֪ȥʱܸܲ绻һ㡣


61 
ʨ˵ӱůԲá
賿ʱ, Ӳˡ
оֻ÷飬һô|, ĻǷ䡣
Ƥ, ʵ˯, ֻ
컹ûһƬ
ȥ
ѾʨæԶѲߵ˺ˡ
ʨѾʳζ
߳, һ̧ͷˢˢߣȷϤ, ֵͷæȥˡ
иƵð߹ȥ, е䣬𡣡
ллߵ, ˰Ѳʼջ, ú硣
ǲûô磿
̧ͷЦЦҲ࣬Ҷ˵ʹ, ٣ͻ
ҲһԿ
ûȰ߾ܾ, ϵѾ˿龥鵽
մӹðŹõ, ΢þһ, ;̵ò, æַԱߵĲݶϡ
ȥˢ
ʨ䵱һľζǵĽ࣬Ҳ̴µľͷζ
߷һ£оͦ档
߼ϴϣѾ
黹̣Ѿȥȷܷ֮ƤҧһŴĹҡ
ĹŴ𣬿ڸзǳ
־ǲҲУΪڲԭϵĹϵǲԽ٣Ѿܾû־ˡ
ֺϳһʮʳĶܵõ㡣
ͷغ۾Ҹ
ûһңҲˡ
ң߹
Աߵľգʾң
˴ڻѱС졣
䲻䣿
䣬䣿
賿е㡣㳢⾥飬ǳԵҪóһ㡣
ңȥˢһֳͬһ
Ǵһ˵ʱʨ½½
Ҳˣ˯ô
Ķе䡣Ц峤ǿǺ𣿡
û뵽ô⣬ǵķֹûпζĲ֣ҪʲôǸӣҲСںôһ㣬Ǵȥҡ
һ֪д㣬΢΢б壬峤ʲôһܷܣ
ҵζĲ֣Ǵ
δءǲҲܲˣ˵ǲʳҲḻһֲѣľܳΪ
ҪαôôԶң
˶ӡ
дƶ
ߵƽЦЦӲҪ˵ҲȫڼޣŪֻȥɽǵ
˫Ρ
ֱ壬˵ι޾ιްɡֱ˵ˣǴȥֲĲ֣Ҫýӵķ
߶˶١
̧̧°ͣĴ𰸡
˵Ȳ˵һֲ֣㲻ҽǽӡӵĻӵػǽٵݶôϡ裬Ҫǵý̵ʲôʱȥ
üҪ˵
ѹѹʾ԰꣬ҲܴӦ㣬Ҳǲ̫áҿԴӦǿʯͷ
Ǹ˵ˣǰŻգ˵ȴ£ʯͷͻѿǲǣ̣Ҳᡣ
û뵽ǾȻôغңһۡ
Ц˵ˡ
峤ϢͨȻѾ֪ʯͷķôҲûرҪעĶˡֻҪʯͷ֬ȥС
ǶᣬǸƬҪô֪ƣ滹ûʲôĹϣ
û뵽˵˰죬ȻƬƷ
ʲôѵ飬Ҳû̫ļ
룬ҿԸƬƷһ飬Ƭķǻ϶Ͳֻһ֡
㻹뻻ʲô˵ҿвС
ߺԥõǲԺͲɼȨ
±˵¶ɫңסˡ
üһһ㵽ǲԡɼǰǵʹȨ͸㣿
ô˵ֻ뵽ռһЩӣһЩСѡҲƬصˣֻǿˣԵʱҿ϶
粻
ߵ峤ϢôͨҲ˵ˣ˲ʱҲȥشԺͲɼ
ȥǵѾܾˣҲûʲôõķɣ˵˻ǱȽϿףûŪʲô¡
ԭĦϥǺܾãŸ˵Ҫڿᣬôһ
Ȼ΢΢ǷǽͣңϣܾƬҲҪһʱ䡣
粢ˣ˵Ҫټȫ忪ᣬ緹ʱڿᡣ
ߺңΪˣǷڵ뵽ϢΪ˷ֹ͵ڱصԱǡ
߳ڱӻ֣ңܵһĵطѹң졣
ңʣ½Σ
ͬ⡣ûͬ⣬ֻ˵ǳͬ⡣
ôƶ
ҡҡͷ˵һ⣬Ǳѵġ
ңüֱۣôûң
ʱѾˣɴײһϥǣʾʨ滷ȷʵȽ϶ӣ˻ܹƤһЩСͺ˵ˡ
СϱΣΪ
ҹǡߵǼӣεʱСֶģֻбΣȫů
۾ҹ뽨ܱܷķӣҪС
˲֮ǰҲǳů紵һ䣬ס
˲ɽɽʱ򣬴Ҷѡᵽɽ
ʨò඼ǲԭû취ɽڵض
ԭȽʪ󣬵кڵ¶ѨѩˮڻӦҲס
ǽӵɱ˲жˡ
߾̸ɡ
ңʹǴӦһ˹ҲҰޱȽ϶࣬·;ңԶ
Ҳ⣬ɴӦҹѾǵļˣǾԲͬһ˹䡪ͬ
ңս̫ǿһ˶һСͲ䡣
ʨֻҪû裬Բͬ
ᶼûпᡣ
ͬҿ˲صıԵӦ㡣
ǻͬģȻ㿴ҵġ
˵ŻʱʨͶƱѾˡ
Ǹ˹˻ȥ
ڻߣһǾ˵ҿԴӦֻһ˹
̻ش𣬡û⣬ͬ⡣ңǻĽס
üͷ㣬Ҳ֪ϣǾֵȻٴοսʱˡ
ţֻһˣǲԲɼҲ˶ٶǾ
߶׵ǰ˵ѵ磬ӮҪܾ˻öࡣ
ߵǳ峺˵ĻҲܳϿҡ
һۣʹ˵еһ㶼һ
˵еʲô
Ƕ˵Ǹ̥
ڵҲ̥𣿡
Ҳ񣬲ֵķһ
վ߰ɣʹȥֲĲѡ
಻УҪû
ʨһϿ㡣
ǾллˡżֲѣȴƬɡ
Щ⣬ҵѣ㲻ƭ㣿
ôһסƭҵȥ
˵ŻͷңһۣЦ˵ǵļ˾˻ƭҵĻҪսˡ
ң΢΢ףʮĳ̬
ϴҲǼ֮ǰ飬ܻûж
ʨȥӱҵȻǺٰԲͲƬ
ķ̫ˣһĺʱڡ
ǻòݽЩϣڱĵطɡ
ڵľ²˴Ųôʱ䣬ΪǾʨͣԵȰ֮ǰڵľ²óԵ
߸оЩϧǵ컨ôŰЩ²ڳ
ҪЩ²˳ԵܸоڴĽһÿһѣʹѡ
ʨʹı飬Цļ򣬡ҪĻûȥʱٰһУԭϵľ²˿ɶˡ
죬һ㣬˵ѩˡ
ǲڣߵѩµٴ󣬰ѩǿҲ۵Ұˡ
Ա˶İɣҪǽľ²ûˣ괺ڼ͹ȥвУ
ҾϣŲҪꡣǸ²˵ʱѸţ˵ҰѸȥǻܼ
Уţô²ˣ²˺;²˼嵰ǶˣʲôµĳԷ𣿡
ղѣʳףЩվھ˼ϹĶֻҪ¶һ֣͹ʨ˾̾
߼۵С²˱סˣ̾ɡƬ²ƬҲǴ˺ʯѺ飬ȻƬ
ǻû˵Сؼʣűȥ໽š
ߵȱһֻֻë׵СʨײײȥۣȤ
ЩõСʨӣ̲ס¶Ц⡣
²ιСʨӣǺġ
ƬҪɣ˵ҲҪʮ¡
û취ôʱ䣬ָҤ
һ߲Ǻ죬ңϳ
ʨ˺ңദûԣ˫ҲûʲôĦ
ң¶Ǿš
һ˫˫֪ʵ۾ðеᡣ
ʵദ˾֪ʨ˶ܺˬ
ǵȷʵȽϲͶȡɣ͵ͻ͵ҲûʲôģȽˬʿɰ
һˣҲûа취ܶ
ֹ߲Ƭ̿
ʨľȽ٣ľıȽ鷳ľȼͷŵ̫࣬ҪһҤƬõҲ̫ˣճ̿Ͳһ
ʨҤ̿ʱ򣬰ߴֱӰľͷͽҤգʮַ㡣
֣Իʮо飬̿һξճɹˡ
̿ճ֮󣬰ߵڶʹǳƬ
ƬûгɣճĳɹʱȽϵֻͣʾǿƬҪôգյʱעЩ裬ɹʱȽϵҲûʲô
ʨ岿죬ԭƻķһ
߸оʵڲٴȥˣٴȥ˶Ҫҹˡ
ߺͼ𣬡峤ǵȻȥˣҪʲô⣬ǣǼ˾˵һӦûͬġ
ңԱߵͷ˿ԣҪǵ˹
糯һǵĶ£ʨԶǡ
峤ϹʨҲǾϹܱεСͷ­ᴥ˵ϡ
һߣܿ񣬻æֵֻǽ׶ѣҲǲѺ;²ˣܹƽ
ȭͷԼؿڣߣǰѲѲɻֱӴȥݵĵط
ֱӴȥɣԺҲǻǲɼָҿһ£Щѳ
ͬˡ
ڶһ磬ټһȺ˱ű𣬴ߺңȥɲѡ
ڲԭ˰죬һƬͰɽǰ
ΣֲĲѾͳɽϡ
ôҲû뵽Ȼɽϡ
վԭأǰͰɽ
Сɽǳǳһѩ
ɽϵĲݳúܸߣĿӦû|ȸߡ
ֲҲֲѣ
ôĲݣǼǴǾɹҲ뵽¾ȻܳԵĲѡ
̫ˡ
̾һǴӵĽ켼
ҪȻҸΪʲôôĥѣ
ԭؿһͷҼסطɽɡ
һԼɽɲѣԴǵһǰ˵ֲݣܽĲѡ
ϸһ£ǰĲݺͨҰû̫𣬿ֲ̱ϸҶӵıԵܷ
ݵһӣ泤Ŵ̶̵ִֶӡ
ϵĲִܴƤе
ӳֳɫժһſŵһҧһĵζϡ
ζ
۾һ֪ξûҴ
ҪҵĶ۲һζһʹˡ
ţתң㳢һӦþҪҵˡ
ңһţŵһҧҲͷܳԡ
ʼ磬ֺöǰôûԣ
ͦʵϳʱЩɤӣǵ˶̫ϲԡ
翴һʹļ׵ı飬һ£ôСֻۣǲ̫ϲԣǳȽϷ㡣
һԼԴ૵ãˣʳֲûĺö
翴ıʲôöԱСʵôⶫ
ȻĥɷۣȻѷۼӹɸָʳ
ǲժر鷳𣿡
ãЩݸ˵ʱʯͷѹܿܰĿѹˣһſȥժ
˫ѾǺĹϵҲûô˽
ף߸ɴһӣڵϣʾô
翴֮˵Ǵǻ۵ˣ͸ǵıء
֣𣡱Ҵñӣ㿴Ǽ˾˻ں棬ֻңˡ
ңĺ󾱣ʾƤ
ʨĴ󲿷ֶˣǵ˷ǳֽͣҲ죬ûһͲ˰
Ȼǲɵȫȥɣ岻Ҫ
߿˿ʮ
ôӣǺȥңˣ·;ôңԶȥҲ
ߵǿȰһִȥʣµ´𣿡
֣ò´Ρ˰˻ȥ˵صıԵٽǵ˰æ˻ȥС
û뵽ôģһֱֵۣܣˡ
ҲûжࡣǵİԶǣӭ´ٹ͡
˵ҲġˣҿӵϲɼʹԵȨ߳գգ۾˵Ժᾭ
Ǿٺòˡ
ۺصʨ岿ʱһȥھ²˵Ҳˡ
ھ²˵Ƕͬǳʵϣڵľ²˰ѿӼ
ټԭ²˸߸о˵ԣЩ²˵նˡ
뿪֮ǰԥһ£ʼ磬峤һ뻻һõƷ𣿡
ʲôƷ
ںڵȦʵͷҲҪߵҸϲָƷһ㡣
⼸һֱסʨ岿䣬Ҫ˽ӴǱȽٲǵճʱȥѲء
߼˻Ʒûҵᡣ
Ҫʨ̫֦չˣߺ˽ӴΣʨ߽һ㣬̾ͻʶȺʵԡ
ܾúʹүǳԣܱŤ
ˬ죬סˣСУȥлɫȦͷι
С໡һӦˣܿȥҪĶֱӰѶݵϡ
꣬Сֱıܿˡ
ߵȴԶûСƽ
Ȧһ̸֣о
ȦĴôô


62 
Լо, ֵ˵ȦĸָסôĴָһ¡
ӲȦ΢ɲزһ¡

Ŀһ
ǽ
һϲ, ǿסϵɫң
ң, ¶졣
촽Ȧ, ȦĲʡ
˵ָȴ˭û⡣
Ϊʨ˷ߵסң֣ͼסĶ
תתȥң¶Ц, ͷ۲Ȧ
ǵСΧûǾ˵ʲôҲû⣬ͷ顣
ңȦ, ͬһ, , ʯͷ
ߵԴյü, Ҳ, Ӧǽǵûһȥⶫҵ
ңͷͬ⡣
תͷұ²˵ļ磬峤, ໻Ȧ, Ȧ˳˵𣿡
Щ, ͣеĶ, ϲȦ
ߵͷ, Ĳ̫رˣǰû໻һȥ
߹ϵȦ
ȦѾůһЩǺӲʱȦֻǵ˵
ȷʵǳر
¶ɣŰߵɫ
վԭأ󷽷
Աߵ˷Ը䣬ܿ죬ȦǱ˹
ˡ
ߴҼ峤ʲô£
磺ǻȦ
ԱߵϻȦԸԸһһ㶫
һͷһ˿ۼ磬ֱڿ죬ϵĶѾǻ𣿻ʲôɻ
ҿһˣȥҲС
ˡ˵ҲȱʲôȦĲϱȽҡȦ͸㣬ʣµľͲˡ
߿ˡ
ԴһţһϰߵĿ⣬Ϳʼ촽
ֵܻƺڰʾʲô

ʣб𣿡
ʣһЩҵ𣿡
ϵЦһ
ͱֵܣҲסˡ
˵̫㡣
߲ģҿ缼ʲôġ
˱첻һֱҡͷ
翴ЩߣԱü
߻ҪȥԱߵңȻסʣ֪ǵĲҵġ
һͷˮ
Ҳ֪
ѵǶĻ׳治ɣ
߻Ҫʡ
ңˣ˵ڣڷͺһ˺ʨ˽ӵĵطֻһȽ϶ɫʯͷ
ң仰һ¶һı飬۾Բˡ
һ֪Ȼıң˵ˡ
Ǹ
ѼӲûУڰѩɽҵġ
ңͷԺһӥ˼ǿѲߣϣӥڼİˡ
һۣǾȡ
ףΪʲôңϲʨˣԭ͵͵ﵽϴԡɼĹ߷
ϵƤһ֣ɰͰ͵ǿתƻ⣬ôණҴǻȥɡǽ쿪ʼߣϢһ˵
߸оŬͬؿһۣңǽͻȥɣ
ңͷԡ
˼û׷æ֮󼪡
ȥټ֣ʮʨ˰һѶȥ
ʮʨУ߸ˡ
·Ϻദʱ֪ʨ˱ȽٴԣȴѲ߱߾
ǳڱ߾εż׷ܵ˵ء
ûôѲߣҲȽٲԱ߾ĴͶ
ñʨˡ
߸ʱʨĲ˼䣬͹Цһɵֵģ
߿ǺЦ˵ģ̾˷һò
ʨû̫ۣɣദ˼죬߻ͦϲǡ
磬ʨ˰ߺңѱ𱳵ʨصıԵٹȥӥء
¶Σ԰ߺң˵Ȱ͵ǽӰɡ
߸мллˣ
࣬һ·ϳôʳǶͦġ¶Ц⣬Ȼȥˣӭٴ͡˻ˣǶӭ
ߺӣĬЦ
ǰӵһټ
ʨ˷¶Ρ
ʮֻýĴʨ£һ㱼һʧ֮⡣
ĿȥЩ˸С
ңվڰߣҲȥɡ
ڣæסȱ𰡣ȥͺ뿴
ңɫڡ
ţ̫ûɽʱ仹磬ü
Ȱӥ˽й
С⣬ǸҪ峤һйϾڵĲ
°ӥͬˣҲӥڴԺͲɼɣ߻Ǿôش飬֪ͨӥ岻̫á
߸оЩʹԼա
ۿҪֵĽֳȥʹܺùȥ͵ɡ
ûʡ
ңɵ߿ټȥˡ
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ң֮˵ǲѣֻ֮ǰûôһȥһ
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ףţƤıȽ϶ࡣ
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㵸Ȼ
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ӥһʼʱ򣬰߲ŷӦԼʲô
һ죬첲˫ֱأ۾ŵٲ̧ͷ
̫ˡ
߰ա
Ҫˡ
ӥ峤ɽӥһˡ
ʶ
ɽӥȸǴк˾ˣߡ
ңͷǰæѶ岿ȥҪȥͺҵ㶫һ
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ңӱóȦݸҪҵֲʵĲϡ
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ɽӥվֱˣеȦҲ̫Сˣӡͷ̫ܲС
ߣȦֲϡ
ɽӥһȦֱӴͷߣӲ
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׳߹ΪǸգգ۾ֵܣ
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ʶǻɳҡãѶͿˣһ˱꣬÷ֳˡ
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ʨز
ԣʨزЦЦԺ˲ز
Ϊ׵˳Ĵָ
ɽӥҲл
ϵıǿյı𣬱ͺ뷽ɡ
ǵطﲢԶһɵգܿʵɽ롣
ɽһһ飬һͺԴ
𡰷ͺ롱ֵǹš
߶࿴˼ۡ
ңǰһʾ⣬æųȥ
ңǰ棬߷м䣬ɽӥ
ŷ˰Сʱ䵽˷ͺ֮ϡ
˱Ρ
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߿һۣô̫ˣɽµĺһȦҲɽ
ɽӥ
Ȧԭ϶һֿʯʯĻ껹ȻȽ׻ɽ£ӱߡ
ߵɽҲҲ١
ңо飬ġ
ɽӥûʲôֱӷȥ
߷ԣҲûԶ·ˣȥɡÿԿһ·ߵ
ͺȽ϶ͣ󲿷ֵط£µĺӽɽţˮʱӦǵɽ
߻ûʲôֱӽںӱߡ
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Ҫֱ䵽ɽ£ܵһԴײȥ
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߼һɫʯͷֶһȦûҵϵӰ
ĵ̾һ²ϹȻûеô򵥡
Ͳ֪λ᲻ʲôѸҵҪĶ
һһǳɽں̲ϡ
ɽµʯ࣬ʯᾡ
߸оЩʯͷʵ̫ĥˣƤѥӶѵۡ
Щʯͷ̫ȶһŲȥʱ򣬴һ£ʯͷ๾࣬ǰȥ
վԱߵңۼֿһקס󣬽ᵽԼߣСġ
ץֱۣ±סƽ⣬Сģˤ
ɫ߽ʯ̲ˡ
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˻ʯͷʱһˡ
鲻ǣҲǡ߳ȣС죬֪ǲ˶
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߽ñϵо鶼ˣǼⱻĥͨ졣
תͷɽӥɽӥĶȣҲǳġ
ʵõѡǰҲϽӥ塣
ӥͬ壬ӥҵ˲ϣʲôɰѲϸ
ٴӡ
һϣҪԼҡ
һ壬ɾûˣٰʲôϣɲһ׵顣
ڰһĶã˼ʱңͻȻԱ߳ǲǣ
Ŀ飿ʶӦһæ̽ͷȥ
ңһɫġʯͷ
顰ʯͷȭͷ˶٣ԵܲƵǷаȥһ棬ʢһЩ
ңѡʯͷݸߡ
һ֣Ž緭ʯͷľ飬ؾʯͷ֮ǰʯͷҪء
֮һ飬׹֡
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ȷûҵϵʯͷ۾ʯ̲һԾ֪ˡ
ңûʯͷ
ңɫʯͷһʯͷϣ۾Ƴܣں̲Ӳһʯͷ
ʯͷ˵࣬һʾߺɽӥԶһ֮󣬽ʯͷݺݵȥ׼ȷɫʯͷ
šۡһ죬Ľɫʯͷҷɡ
ңԼһܿʯͷɽӥҲһȥ
ʯͷأңǰʯͷ
ţԽȥŵʯͷ
Ӧҵˡң˵Űʯͷݸߡ
ȡ
ߵĵһӦȻ
ʯͷոձҳ𻨵ĵطڷ̡
һʯͷıԵƽһЩ
ţԾ
ϸŷʯͷǾȻҰȥˡ
ûϣûѣǱҰȥˡ
ƲסϲԲۣǽҵˣ̫ˣ
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쿴߰ʯͷϣǱҰȥˣ𣿡
ô
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һ֣Ƕһ㣬Ұѹ֪ˡ
ɽӥң˾ˣ𣿡
΢һЩңİߵļ磬˷ܣ߰ɡ
ԶԶԣǼҡ
ҵһ顰ʯͷнǣʱûˮĥԲʯͷ߻жϳп
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ҵЩѾǳˡ
۾ʱҵɣҴȥܲܰʲôˣٹҡ
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Сˬŵʱ˭ҵֿʯ˭ģٽǶʯա
ɽӥЦǾһΪ
ߵãҿ϶ʳԡ
˵ʱѾ¶ϰɫۿͿҪˡ
ɽӥȥǲϢһٻȥɡ
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ɽӥҪȰңҴȥܿ졣
ɽӥŰݡ
˫ֱ
ңŰ߼Ҹϡ
ңķرر߳ŷ󣬼òųһ¡
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ңһɵøˡ
̫֮ǰ߾ͿԼϤСɽͷ
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۲ӥ˵ʱѧġ
ǰԴµĽ䷽ʽһǷɵĿĵϿգ£һ㣬ٴ򿪳۲滹жԶȻٴ£򣬵ظ֮ƽ䡣
̺ܿ죬Ҳûʲô˿óĲ
̫׾ˣһ㶼û˵˧
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ౣ
쵽ʱ򣬰͵ſ˳ڰסԼΣͻȻ˽ɡһƵؽ棬ȻΡ
磡Ǹſ֣ӶŽſֵش󺰣һ
ڻˣһѾһ˵»£ӣҪûҾȥ㡣
׼ɣҴööǿûУ
ˣǸǰɣǲǶͿεƤ
ԣӣҲܺã޴ǿ󣡡
ֵֽһ¾ͽһ³˸졣
Ӱ߱ﾾƤӺЬ㲻䣿Ȱ·ЬӴ֮˵
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߷ɿʲô㶼ȥˣû˴һѾˣ˵ƤӶʪˣģ˯ȥһ
ҲЦȰ˾ǼסɣȥµƤӡɾƤӶǡ
ûңٴηһӣôˣǳԵ㶫ϴţȥ˯Ҹڱԣ²ڵģ


63 ڱ
߼ҵʯͷӱůرá
, ߽һ䷿ŵĶһů㡣
ʳζľͷζ, һݵǳζ
ңƽ߷ʱŵĵζ
˵
²ȥ¡峤˵ҶӺѸȥ, ںӱ߾Уⶫ֡
ī, Ҫ˵ʲô
ǰ߻ˣǸ磬ǰɹһ, ɹɵ̶ֳȾͿˡ
֪ˣ㲻ȥ˯ɡ
ңվڷ˵ãȥ˯
ߵıѹȻѾ, , ±, һͷ
ͷȾ˵ɫ, ʱ, Զɽ²ݡ
߽Ž뷿䣬˯ŵٶԶңҪ졣
ı˯ʱܰ
ϸ, ˺þ, ԼԼ˵
Ƚϵͳ, Ӧң
ůıﲻ붯
ңǵͳĸƽ, ֮, Ҫ˯ˡ
ǿ־ǿůı
̫ˡ
ƤӣŴŹǷ߳ȥһ۾ͿʯԣʯĥĥС۵ĸֺң
߳Цų֣˯ˣ
û˯Ҳ˯ˣʡ˯š߹ȥϸ쿴΢ƵӷۣһСЩôĥ𣿡
У̫Ӳشȴң
ȥø׼档
΢Ƶӷ۷ŵбȽ϶ֻǵʯĥĥˣĥЩСе㲻
߽С۵ʯϸϸĥһ飬бȽ֮󣬲Ŷ˽ȥ档
βһʱҲ֮ǰɺ
šߴӳǽ񵰣Ҫߦ
̫⣬㻹Ҫ𣿡
ˣ̷͵Ч̫á̧ͷЦЦˣҪһ档
ãȻ
ߵĸһţ´ҪʳֱӰȥͿˡ
ΪٵĽĸ
Щĸܱ͹ˣʱЧͲ̫
ҲнĸһŷͻнĸȻȻ
´Уͻз͵Ч
ûʣҪʲô
²ˣȻϴɾҽ²ںڵڱ
̵ͷȥþ²ˡ
صʾһô²ˡ
²ֻҪҶӣеҶӺѸţȰпյʱ򣬿ֵȥ
Ұ²˸ɳȽ϶࣬ϴȽѣҶҶص˵ˮˮϴһǸҲæˡ
ңվԭء
߿Ĳڡ
˾ˣҶһ𣿡
䣬߼˺ܶʵ࣬ҲζȽࡣ
ЩͷĿһѩ
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ʯ⣬ǳʱ侫߽⽻ңԼȥͷ񵰡
һ룬ߺȻԱ˵İ磬ҳȥô죬ǰɹ𣿡
ͷҲ̧ǿ϶ô
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ңõŵ·ŵǿڸף
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е̡
һ»ˣصض˵Ρ
վڽǰƿʵĶζ
ңɫһ
ߵ۾һҨһС׷ŵԼպպӲĶ΢
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ңǱƵӣһСˡ
һ
ңһָֽҪŵ
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ڡ
˵ڣȻڱԲ¡
ߣǺûаűߺҾ²˶ϴˣֱг𣿡
У˳ζ磬㳢Ľ
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ȻԣζһЩպŶԵըһ£콴
ϴɾ֣պӱԵĽϸƷһ¡
Ҳͬպ˵㽴ϸƷһ
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УγӦòѳԡ
ǿ϶ѳԣˣǱˣҵζǿʼڱɡ
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һӦˣࡣ
ӱʯͿһ߽ͣѹõڱʯϡ
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ңڣȥɣҿһ㡣
ܾһڴӦȥذ
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֣ڱ
īһرΣű˵Щ񡣡
𣿡߿ۣ۾һԭ⣡óԣŵȥԣڿϴڱ
ڱŸ̯Сÿһڱȵطֳݣһ˷һ顣
һֵǾ²ڣڸпʱ򣬾²񵰵ζð˳滹֭ˮ֬
С̡߷Լǿ飬һӽ̵úҲܡ
ԹߵȽӴ񵰾²۵֭ǱıƤ
ʳһȻڳһɴζ
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㳢ǰڱζ
ʵʵڵģ²ζڱ
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ڱԺӡӡۡʲôʲô
á
߿ֵسһڼͬ顣
ңһ£ʣôó԰ɣ
ң˶٣ûܡ


64 
ԽԽ, ıҲԽԽ
Ѿ˺ʰϼҴסɽ
ϴӲ˵ײλһǰһɻ, ôôͻˣûʹҶһ£
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īóЬӣݵűߣīļ򴩺Ьӣأ
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档˵ѹ, Ƕɽ濾
ܱտռ俾ҪСһ̼ж
ߵͷ΢ġ
˸ջû, Ҳˡ
һͰеͰչʾ߿ץ㣡Ҫ֮ǰһ㡣
ϣ
ѽҰʱ, ǻƴ㿴һ, ˣӦ÷ŲˣҪꡣ
ԣ㶼ˣ컹Ǽ⣿ժһЩʷʲݻպð, ʷʲݡ
˵, һ, ת˸䣬ɳҲС
ǻɡ̾һѾˣôҪôʷʲݣ
ͷҲ̧ҲУϲʱϲɱû㡣
̾һתƻ⣬רȥڷʷʲݣ
Ҳרţȥһ¾²˳ôְһֿ
ѼӲѲѰǳԵ
˭֪Ժ˵ֲѼӷų
극߱ɫĽȥң
ңѾһѲػˡ
һѽǰ
ңʣôЩ
¯һգЩ۵Ƕ٣ܲܶ졣
ڵ۵һǧ϶ȣǻûпܰЩۻҺ塣
ŵҤмۻҲûӦĹ߰ѽҺȡ
ҪּªĻʲôʵ̫ˡ
ңͰദôã߻Ķһ㡣
ߴ˵һҪʲôңˡ
ŶпգߴЩһѵ
һªҤȻʼԭضյİ취ճһ̿ճģߡ
ЩǼȿϸĺĵĹûʲô͵ĵط
ֻһһظƵĻҪĹһһ
챾ûʲô¿ɽһһ죬˰ߵļ֮⣬Ҳû֪Ǽҹһ
Ǵ󲿷ʱ򶼺ĬʱҲ
۵ʱ򣬴԰ܱ߰ա
ңѧ̫죬˼Ƿǳȫ
߷벻ôȫ
磬ȻܸйؿƼ⣬ÿˣоǳ档
µҤ¯֮󣬰ǰѽŵ¯ϣôʼա
˰죬߷ֽպ죬ûۻļ
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Ҳжϴ󣬲ͷûκοɿԼԲⶨ
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ң뷨Ⲣ򵥣
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Ⱥڽȴɫٽڽͽ¯Ȼʼһֵȷ磬ȡ
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ȥҸӲʯͷ
ټӲʯͷôҹûҲСߵҾǵķܴˡ
ңй΢΢üͷҪ˵ʲôߵмҲе뻻ǵļΪʲôһҪԼӦôһоŶԡ
ˣ
ĦԼֲڵģҪ˵Ļ˭ỳ𣿡
ʲô
ʲôỳɣԽ˵ԽÿУѾҾǻָĶЩȫǡ
ң˼Ƭ̣ͷͬļƻҶˣ
ߵ߸ǿ԰¼˷ֳ飬һһᣬҲƴҪá
Խ˵ԽϷ㿴ⶫļҪƹ㿪ȥġһѧ˿϶ǰӥ塣嶼ֵΣǰѼˣٽǣһʼֱӴ
峤
û⣡ߣչȥ峤̸֮ӥ峤ƼʵѡǸɻ


65 ɹ
һң, нվ˾ˡ
ңͷ
ߴӺ̽ͷ峤, һ顣
¶ϰʱɫԻЩʾ˵
ߴӱͳڽŵݸ, ֲһѵ
½ӹһûˤϡ
Ŀ¶, ˵ڽ, һ趯ڽʱ, ݡƿ
ã۾һһǰѺõ
Ҳô롣ߵټ֣һĥ, ˳ֲ̲ϴƸֹ, ֪ûȤ
û⣬Ҫˣ
һĻ˾УҲʩչֲԴӥ壬˵ʱ򣬻ٴǱһ˹
º˼, һʣˡ, ʯ, 𣿡
Ȼԣ峤
¿ңڴ˵Щʲô
ңǰ
Խã
ͰúңŰȥӥ塣
ɽӥʯһϱǳԾ
ȥ鿴ֵȷҵĿʯġ
˰ɽӥңֿߡ
һҿʯǳǼССĿʯô򣬶ôӲ
˼ڽ䰮ѵǺö㲻ɵɹҲкܴô
ߵɹӣǿҿʯȰѵǲûȤǳˣǽǴơ
ȻУԸ̣ǿ϶ԸġҪʲôˣ
ڷһЩģߺԥظҪ󣬡ԺܻҪѼǲˡʲô˺ʣ㿴ѡ
ɽӥ룬һʣˣϻȥһ¡
ңԡúǹҵѱߡ
л˾ˡ
ߺңΡ
Ǿ޴ëɫպ෴һǴĺڣһǼµİףڿ
ɽӥڿǡ
ȴҲڿµӥ岿䡣
ӥһ壬˲սǿҲࡣ
ǵ飬ϵ£һһ㣬һֹС
˻صңѱߡ
һأ߱α˵ҵȻ֣ԸԸһƹߡ
ˣ
ԣһӥ£Ѿסӥȥˡ߶ѧʱӦò뵽
ոôû
֪ԸԸֱʵĻ㲻ԸܾҲãܾıģʱΡ
߻λ˼ҰķɹȥӥһʣҪǲԸ⣬Ǿ͵޷
߻ؼҺīһ˵
īȴû죬һˡ
˵ºһڴӦ
īתߣ࣬ʿӲηĥѡ
ڶһ磬ߵңѱʱ۰ʿӥʿҶˡ
վȺм䣬ͦأ࣬һ㶼徫ϸѡʿ
ѡˣϰƼԼߺңһŸˡ
ŸΧҤ¯վ
ңԴǡ
Ҫʲô£ɰ
Щ߶ǰһġ
ÿһߵʹ÷ԭڽѧʱҲ˿û˽ǰˣӥˣʱش
ӥ弸ѡԭϰ߻ЩΣ仰ת̬ȣһñһ棬԰ߵĹ̶ڶԼ峤
һȺǫϽ˹·ǳ죬ָָʹ
ŵһ죬ǵĹȡ˺ܴĽչ
ǸһĳѾӲԲ״˹Ľ塣
״ı⣬ĴСҲıˡ
ۿɼСһȦӦø١
ȻǵһȡõҲֻйɹߺңʮʯͷһ֮˾ſ顣
ʣ߿ҲŲһ졣
һչʱǻȥĵһ¾ȥ̲ҴСͼӲ̶ȶϸʯͷ쵱ɴӼá
ң⡣
βǽ̺ѧɵʱ򣬽˽ѧ¹ʣӴ±ȥʱûܼʱˤ˺ˡ
Ǵ˼˵ĺӽҵң
ңøˡ
ߺһȥϤƬ̲
ʱ䶼ӥ壬Ǹпû뵽̶̼ʱ䣬仯ôͷһ㡣
ĸһЩ
ⱲӿܻڣʱԵú˯㣬Ӫ㣬ͷҲϴܡ
һխխȵ壬Ȼ˵˵ΣԲһˡ
һɳǵ飬ڷȥĳ˶ųƹ⻪ǰҸɸ˵£ǽ׶һûˡ
վߣһҪ顣
ߵûôоԼı仯Цǻɳǰ˵Ҳһˣ˰ɣ
ˡĴָǵĽ
仰˵÷ǳֿϿңһ㶼ûпЦζ
߲˼ôӥûϰ𣿡
ϰߣǷǳչңһܳΪӥʿʱҽڰڣʽΪ£Ҫһҷ
˵Ĵͳգٴʱڡ
ʱе˶ɵں֣ףһ괺쵽
ոһ罻벿֮չ뽻ÿİڶµ˵
һ죬һź̲ߣÿһϸʯͷŽ
ҪʯͷرҲ׷ʯͷͿԣüΣЩʯͷѿ
һһʯͷװŸԻȥ
죬ǶڶǸ
óɳֱóһߺһ߱״
Ǳߣֻһ׺
׶Σǲûǰѽӱߣĥ
ǲĥǱߣҲĥǱߡ
нĥѩ׵ķУҲƽ
ѵ¶״
ÿ˶ѵΣĸλˣĸλˣﳤˣˣȫġ
εѵ˳ӡ
ھǰĵںڣѩܹҲͶʮҵĳȣλֻһխխֱ
һֱ
ߵϵЩ֪Ϊ̫û̫Σ۵÷
߶С
ӣΧһȦǻҪһ
ңĬؽ׼õӲľͷݹ
ȴݹȥ˾ˣװ
Ѿʢ˵֬
ңľͷϣ֬֬ȴ
䡣
֬ӱȴˣһ
⻹ûꡣ
ңٽͻĽãι̶ڵϡ
ˣǻ˴һѵ깤
һѷǳƯĵ
ȥһƷ
ѽȣ֮ǰйǵʯľֲڵߡ
ʿˮֽݸңʵǼһеı׼һ°ɡ
ңӹףߵɽ±ԵһڴֵӲľϡ
ΧĶ
ң־𵶣бб£ɴһ
йһӲľֱӶڿС
ңյۣõ
¡
ڴֵӲľŴŻѩȻء


66 
ÿ˶ĵһ顣
˰, ̫֮⣬ÿ˶翳в˰㣬һÿ
ŵ֡⵶, Ҫ֮ǰѵʱ, , ҾͲù⿳ꡣ
Сӿʲôǿʯ˰뱲, ͷʲôѾ˵廹ȥʯͷĥµĵɽӥǰѵĿοĲ˵ǸϺʱˡ
߿˷, ֻǵһѵ, ǾȥʯδǻҪܶܶѵ, Ҫߡ
ӥ˵µĵ֮, Ըһ𣿡
˵һѣѡѶУֻҪ㹻Ŀʯߵ, ɽӥ峤ҶȽп, ҪȻ֯ȥɽҿʯ
ɽӥ̵ҿʯԣĿʯҪз䣬ǰǶ
ץסᣬ, Ҳǵ, ǰƿʯҪ̿ǻ
գۼ, λ峤ʹ˹ʶ
֮ǰĥҪô˵ӥÿʯû뵽ô׾ͽˡ
˵ԸǾٺòˡҲ֪ҵٿʯʱС¯ұȷҵ֮ٸҵطҪþߣô
µͬ취
ɽӥҲͬʱͰ˵
ߵ˾֤ҵʯףϣķչǳΪķ
ʯɰһֲַ÷Ϊʯ˫ս±ӶΡ
ʱɹʶҸɢȥ˵ټϣһȥҿ
ǰѵһ¾ң
ңǼ˾ǴƵߵԱֻи˲ķڷ
ϴʱ򣬰ԵЩǡ
ңĲɣβ㻬ˣѵǷࣿ
е㵣ĵ߻
ô뵽Ƿȥ
ûľͷʱ˧ô_һ£ڴֵһӾͱˡľͷôףԺԲɼ϶Ҳ࣬᲻ΪԭĦ
߸оԼĵĲ޵
Լڵˣֻţһȥѡ
ңȴûش𣬶ʣ֪ʮжٺӳɹƿǣ
ɵۣô
һʮӥʮŸ࣬һߵ֮䡣
ʮꣿ
ԣʮꡣ
ôٵ𣿡ߵһһʮСӣ
˵ĵﰵһ²ճСȥʮ
֪ǲ䲻󣬿ô٣ǳ𾪡
Ҳ̫ˡ૵˼ˡ
ô٣ôܴ
ҪĻ򼸴Σÿ嶼Ҫˡ
ߵעȫתˣ˵ĺһֱôأ
ʨǻһЩСǽʮС
ǴΪǸСʨӳԣСʨӶյϥߡ
ʱҲûϸڻһ£ЩСԲᳬʮ
û뵽Ҳϲӣ
ֻңӰɡ
ŵؿһۣʲôӣ
ӶӾ
粵ߣϸһ£ַӡ
˶Ƕʳߣǵд޵еĵλ
ҪҰһһΣһζ̥ôƬϵԴͱĴˡ
ðɡ˫ֺʮһգϣһֱά״̬ԶҪս
ڣᡣ
ҾͲˡ֮ǰҾ˵ҵ˶Ŀʯʯͷʵ̫鷳ÿζʱҶʯͷᣬֱҵԼ֣պĿʯˡ
ʯͷȷʵ̫鷳ңͬ뷨
תңߡ
϶ҪһѣҪеɳȥɼ˿ɻؼвˡ
Ǽʯʲô뽫Ƥ
ͷҲҪһѣһֲûгͷ̫㡣
ڵʯͷ͹ǳͷ׻̽ͼӲʱҲڲЧʼͣнͷͲһˡ
ҪˮС󣬳ͷز١
ģֻԺ˵
߸оڿĴֵܷѾǳɹˡ
ҿʯǴ£ӥ嶼Ӧ
ڶһ磬ټʮʿƺƵͺ
࣬ѾغѰҡ
ֻҪÿһɽҵɽ㹻ɽһ顣
˶仰ڴ󲿷ʱȵϵʱŶʮһʯɽ
շַĿӥʮʣһߺңƽ֡
ôʯٲš
ʿЩʯȶ
˽Ŀʯࡣ
õĵһǴƽ
Ҳõһѡ
ҰæĿʯһͷһСˮҪȵһ㡣
ʣµĿʯİѵһѣԺȥԺͲɼʱ򣬻᷽ࡣ
֮ǰҵʱ
ҵ˽ִͷһΪʯȽ٣ڶֿʯʲôҲֽǷ޶޺
ֽǦһжôɹߣΪ
ΪһпѧˣûĴ󵽸ҽͽŪжĵز
þߵʱ򣬰ֻǰȥæ½֮Ͳٹȥˡ
̵ܽĶѾˣʣµĴ߽ôã˶ѾҪ۱ˡ
ʣµػʵ֧ŲסúúϢһ¡
ܾýҲر䡣ڼè֮ǰŪһ𿻣ڿҲǺбҪ
Ǽҵķ֬ϼҪŪ𿻣취һ£ǽϣ̵ҲüӺ񣬺úøһȡ
̫ůƤȫˣŶ֡
˵ѵõĺůȽʪҪǸ꣬һιÿȫѪӣһֺֺڡ
磬˵ѣ
ĽؿǰôףôÿҪȫѪӣǾͲˡ
󣬡ǲͣ
ʲôðʱ˶ܱߣĨҲܱһһ͸ˣѵĻǵѣЩϲȥСӺҪȥѧϰꡣ
һô֪ﻹѧϰĿѧϰʲô
мɰŶԣˣû


67 ѧ
ûϱ֮ǰ, СһȻû˽С
˳ˣŸֵײײеʱ, ָպùСĽѧڡ
ôһ, ɵԽԽ, Լڵ, ܷȥ䡣
˭Ҳûķ⣬żЩ֣Ҳû˭صȥһ˵ķơ
ֶûб׼
ô˭ûзְǲ©֮㡣
ԽԽ֣ɴ, ֱӿߵķмܡ
иƨмܡ
ԼڲطΧ, Ϊ̣ҷɡ
ȥֶ뱧ңĴ|, ңķɷɡ
Ҫ˵еһּ, ƴݳϢݵȵȣɴ, ܲ׼
̾һҲ֪˾ôôá
ҷɵòð, ôҲûʲô¹ʡ˵£ٶļҲûãÿ, Ļ, üҲ
, һӦ˵ĻûѧɣҪ˽Ҫô
ʲô
סꡢδȶֲܳõɵʱԶԶͬ飬źŵûῴɣҪȻҷеٶô죬һڿײϣǿǷˡ
߱߶ͷֻۣôӦҲ为ѧ˲Ρ
һӣֱ˵һðֱȥС
һȥҲ֪ôأͺһȺССվͬһϣʼѧɡ
еĻǰߵͬˣվһȺС䣬Ŀ˴˶ڡ
˰һҪѧϰˮȽ
һȺС۾ǣÿ˶档
ϵıҲҪǷеʱʲôˣΧûͬ飬û취ƽ䵽ϣôѡһƬȫˮ򣬽ˮϡ
ǾѧϰַȻ󲿷һ֮жòϣǱҪõʱ򲻻ǡ
Сϳش𣬡ǡ
ʣ°ûгһ˳һ뿴
Ȳѣ죬ǡ
ûз
߳ܡ
߱վûʲô飬ȴˡ
ֿһǾͿʼɣں
ǲûдûĺҼסȽʱһҪȷµˮ㹻ȫȻͲԾȣǸͲˡ
СӦǡ
ˢˢؿߡ
ѧˣѾСлعˣ˿Լֱ׳ػӡ
Сǵ±ߣʾСǿԼȻֱӴȥڿбΣž޴ĳббȥ
䵽ϵʱһĦͧˮٻУHһƬˮ
ΪڽʱŹԼУˮʮס
ʮ׺󣬹ʧֻ䵽ϣѼһˮϡ
Ա߽˵ǵһȽַȽʺû˵ʱȳһ£ɹѧڶַ
߱ϵС̵
ãע⿴Ķɹˣһ˼ҳɹľ飬ҪʧˣԼ˼αʧܡ
ǣ
бСͦصߵ±ߣ¸ҵȥҲڰбΡ
ҪСܶ࣬Ϊβ𣬿һֻСˡ
۵ĳѧŰһˮббںϣȸ档
˵һɹİСǶǳ˷ܣȿֺسԡ
ЩСϸҲߣȫһγɹûһʧܡ
߱ϰ׵ľ档
οýţʲô£Ҳܰ
صͷ
Ѿô鼼ɣμˡ
ߵ±ߣҲֱȥڰбΡ
ɵʱ򣬲֪αˣĳĵˣɹˮֻһСξ롣
ѧббؽˮ棬û뵽ûаպǸ룬ˮʱδ
бб䵽ˮʱΪֱ̫һͷˮཹðôһƬݡ
ౣ
ëˮЩˮʪëһӾʪأһˮĤȫ
ౣͬʱ
߿ϴССİ񶼽ŵצӲˮ棬˹
òУˮ»һ±Σ޳˫۸ˮ棬ȿȣû¡
ౡСҡҡλεεߣ۵ʾϽεȥ
ˮһƤȹѵЦЦ
˴񣬷ɵͷϿա
߿ֱצӣ˼æץס˫š
Ű߷ɻϡ
ʪر紵ҡҡλΣζˬ
ұﶼиˬƤò壬ϸƤ£ԭһŻ
СǷ׷׷ɻԭͣΧڰԱ꺮ů
߼Ⱦö־úЦõģһΣӦþܳɹˡ
ʣ֪
ոӦǾжϵ⡣ҲӦÿǱκͽʱĸ߶ȣҵαǴö࣬Ҳö࣬ǵı׼ֱͣӴڵȥ
ͷ⡣컹𣿡
û⣬ⲻǻ𣿡
ΪԼһû飬û뵽ֻʧܵĿʼ֮ѧÿһĿС⡣
һֻĴѾԼķϰߡ
ϰ߻̫ȷȴʺ
һģʱ޷Ӧһ·⻬¬
һʧܵĴൽûƢ
̶һѧϰһôϻȥʱѾһֻĸо
Žײȥң
һңӣײҸոպ룬ʣһ㡣
ңɫüͷ΢壬ôôƣѧϰѣ
СǶʾѡ
㲻Ӧ
ǿ˵ãҲֻǵıһƨ|ϣСʱѧǲҲرף
ûССʱҪѧĶܶ࣬ǰμ˾ѵҺܾáǽѧʲôץ
ˮȽ
ֻһ
ʲôֻһǿȽʽ
Ҫѧʲô
ɵʮͼɡ
ңüͷøĿˡôǺѽӵס㡣
Ҳû취˵Ҫĳˡ
ҽ㡣
ߵԲ۾ԡ
ңظһ飬ʣµĿ㡣ܱ֤İȫ


68 ɱ
߸˵һ, ѧϰ͸ң
ﲻ̫ϤͬˣңҪſöࡣ
ҪǣദˣʲôǱ, ң
ңǰ, ¶
ص˱ȽƫƧĵطѧϰС
ңĶܶ, Ҳϸ
߲֪еʱ, ԭô༼ɡ
սצӦǽͷ裬һˡǷɵʱҪôҴĶ˵ժĹӣһֻɵ, Ҳ÷𣿡
ҷɸ㿴һ顣ң, Ҫ÷Ƚѣһע, ͻɢȥ, ʵʲȴǲܡ
ã￴š
һ̣һѧ
ڽʱ, Ǿŷžͻ
ÿʱңͻḩȥ, ڱϡ
ңıֿȥʱзţˤϣһ㶼ۡ
ʱôһȥ
߼ÿһ춼н
һ׶һú, ȡи, ѧļɶӳ
ҲҪ
Ҫģ, ԽԽ䣬ܲˣҪܲǵѧϰͣһ죿
Ҫæ𣿡
ԸĻȻò
߼Ҳûжܲ
һܲ鲻̫㡣
տʼֵʱͷֲܲ类ӿʳ
˺ܶ취ҶˮŰܲ
ʱܲ糤̫ܼǲòʹһܲ硣
ܲò׳øϳܲļڣ½½˲ܲڵܹܲһʮ߿š
߶ˡ
ܲ꣬ǿݵ㿪θܲ
ݣ
ԣܲһ£ˮ֣ŵ̳ӽȥݣݳܲˬθܺóԡ
˵ţ̲סһ¿ˮ
Ǽҳͷ⣬ûеڶˣҪһζܲˡ
ϧ֮ǰɵľ²˻̫٣ҪȻڿһ²˻
¡ʱڣ²Ȼ񣬿ҪǿĻֻܵȵ괺ˡ
ߺңţһ֮ǰܲʳʲôܲܲ⡢ܲܲ
ܲôɴˡ
ߵҼҵò࣬ҿʲôʱʱץһͷǿŪ⣬ܲ
Ѿˡ
ѾԿʼˡ꿴ûлڲԭץһ̣ҪץĻҲֻ
룬ֵȻһжõȽ곢˵ҪǼʿڸûҰ̫࣬ǾûбҪʱˡ
Ǽֻĸˣæù
ֻҪһһȥ˾Сǵ죬ԼҵĶͲﻻȡϣ֪᲻ɹɹˣ˵ʲô¡
߰ң˵ϼ˲֪ô¡
ſˮǺþûʵˣҿЩŤƨ|ȥоǶԲԼ
ģߵȥܲȰܲҶӶȥιʱ˳ȥһþôҪǿԵĻ⼸ɱһͷ԰ɡ
϶ԣʲôԣ
ԣһͷģ˾ǳԻʱҶѧϰûкúøл
˳ʵôʱǲر˳
ڣȻУ˳û˳ȥ
ţĿɨһȦҿÿʱ״̬ûˤûˣӦû԰

ǰѧʱˤÿɲˡ
߶ߣƿˡ
Ӳûˤֻÿˤʱ򣬶ǡñңס˶ѡ
תī׾תƻ⣬ɱ𣿡
ã첻š
Ҳһ죬֣һɱꡣ߿֣ҹͷûж󣬳˼˾֮⣬Ͳָ˰ɣ
ЦŵͷҪŪʲôǡ
ûˣǳԻǸݵĢ׼˾Сȥ԰ӣһ˻
ǸڼæɣҺһȥܲ
ܲûʲôߺͰִѾúӲ滹һѩǻһһš
ɫܲٵǰſһΪܲܳøһ㡣
߲˲ͷϵĺˮѾܿˣܱûóҪá
˲վڲ԰ӣߴӺصظĶ̵̵ƤγһܲͰʳ
̣ܲˮַǳ㣬һҧȥеζִ̼ζ١
Աߡ˻˻صܲǳ̼ͣ졣
û뵽ζ
ԼξϰˣС˺պԡ
߽ܲƤܲҶһŵЩȥι
˸˾²ˣ˴⣬ʵߡ
ǵҵʱңѾˡ
¶ϲôô磬˵ҪȥѲӣ
ڵ硣ѱҡ
ѾˣҲϢһ¡ڲڼң
ڣīӳ̽ͷǸڳˮ
غһȥץ
ԭֻīһȥ
ǳȤ˵ʲôҲҪһ
ңںĬĬϡ
Ƕȥ˵ҲҪһȥ
һ˺ƺƵȥȡ
СɽȾµĸ죬ǰȻͬ
ɽȿڵĵطһƬֻмһС·
мḷ̌Ƕ῿ߡ
ɽȣԱůʪһЩ
֮ǰȥĿѷѿϪֵľ²˺ͷʷʲݣڵ׵ɫ
ݳòܺãֱѩصôһƬ̲ݣʮۡ
ǼʱιѼصظһݷȥһ»ʳ
Сɽ÷ǳѱôãѾȫˡ
߿ʱһȺߺöһ¡
ߵĿȺϣǿһ£ֻ
ͬСһָҪֻʵģ
ֻɲʣҪŵֻ
һͶƱīְִ֧֧
ĸˣ˫۾뿴ң
ңֿһˣֻ
īüͷһ壬ֻûŵֻʣ
ż˾Ϊ֣㶼ΨһĽ;Ǽ˾˰æס
ңֿԼҶӣͷΣ˲١
üײһңøֲע⣬ڣֵܡ
ңײһ£۾¶Ц⡣
ŵֻѾ
Ұͬ飬ʵЩ֣ƨ|ɼһһȫ⡣
ī߽ȦĶ䣬һְץ
һ˲ңز䡣
ī֣ڼеɱڻ£ؽѪȻֽ
ЩѪọ̈Ȼٳԡ
Ѫ࣬㹻
Ҫ⡣
׼ϣصȸ˴⣬гС飬ңһ͡
ǵĵǳãȥʱо
ǰиʮַѾʱֻѡֱӰƤ
˵ͲһˣֻҪƤɾ䣬һŻߵĺˡ
ʵŵչһˮСʼ͡
ڵţܿƮϸӣ֬졣
ˡÿӼһƵ쵽ңߣС쳢
˵ţ¿ˮ


69 
ը㽹, һҧȥڿǻӿ
۾ϸƷ
ܾûгôζ
ֹĵ, Υ˵Ϥζ
óԡּһݸң, ٳ
ңĿⶢ˫, Լԡ
߱㽫ǿӽ, ֨֨, , Ǹ, , Զ
һڽ, ʲôɳԣ
ը, С̰
㣡һӽһ, Բ۾˼ؿſչô֮ǰȫһ
ָըõ˼Ŵ, һ裬ʢһ, Ц˳ȥǳ
㻹ҪŪʲô
ըнͺ͡Ȼʱ˳ҴһֻһҰ
Ǽⶼ߼͵
ң, ȥá
ߵͷ, ըϡ
ûըһ, 洫˵
ңҲС
󣬰и̫˵ʲô
ֻΪ˭ˣû뵽ҵȶңܳȥһ£ͻȻһ
ŵһľӲûչ
վסˣɴ²ӣչ˵ϣ߳ȥ濴
һȥȴ漷һ˱ź˵ʲô
ȺиС޵øңСͮͮˮһߡ
СĸȾ֮һ뺿ʱ䣬ɽСĿ
ɨȥָСǷɵĳͰҲȺУһ⣬Сѧϰеʱ¡
Ҳ֪ǲˡ
˲佫׵Ժǰȥôˣ
ңͷѯʳǣʣ̧ͷشʳһЩ˵㶾
һôСĺӣжɲʲôС£Ҫ£ȥóȵ̣ܱǵĳθ
æʣҲھȥ
ߣ̶̡ԣȥȡۡ
ֵܿͰѶȡ˹ĵ˼
˰Ѱ||̵ָ˼׷ۡ
иҳģУ
ңûлȰߵķԡ
Ще̣еĻ̣ѾϷ֮
Сԭ죬ʹޡ
߽һС촽ﵹһ㡣
С죬޵۾ûȴѾͣ˿Լֱס룬ڴں
һСͣˣСҲ׷ͣǹཹཱུغ̡
֮Ҳûٿޡ
һӻ촽ؿŰߡ
߲ŷǿܲǿ޵죬ж죬üС촽ԼΧѾˡ
ǺӵԴתͷԼҳ˵ܻ֮ӣѶҪһЩ
лл
߿ǻٴѣҪڷĻȸǴ¡
ңͷԡ
һӵļҳߣֿң޴ʣôŪ
ϴɾֿɤۡߣӣ÷磬æյˮһһ߹ࡣ
߸ɴ÷ϴ֣ߵСĺӸǰͺ㣬ڰ£Ҫ£һͺˡ
˵ֶ꣬Լҳ˵죬ҧҡ
ҳԣ˵
߰Ǻӣֱӽϴɾ
ָѹ˺Ӻ׵Ŀǻֳҭҭȴҳסˣûһᣬۡһء
߼ʱһתͷң侲쿴һܱܲϳŻﵽʲô
һæֱ
ֶ˵ϴɾ֣Լ£ж³
ҳǽŵźӵı
īµ̡
ܿҲպõˮš
ʱûôˡ
ңӦҧݣǲǣҵȥ鿴һ²֪
Сǣҭҭػش𣬡ѩݡ
ҶҲ˵㡣
ңϣҴͰһˡ
ϵǵ彡ûǿȥأٿ
иĺŴӼҳıת˾ˣҸһȥ
⺢ӳҭҭȴͦСţ֪Ҷʲô
úӡңһӣֶ԰߼˵ȡ
̫䣬к˽ܷ磬ֵˮǺȡ
Сǿ£ʱƣߡ
ҳǼ򵥸ǲһ͸ĨϣǺܿ˯ˡ
ըõͻڹҲˣˣҲ˼Ի
ԼҲ˵
ں󲻾ãңż˱źӭŷѩˣⲻ󣬾˵Ǽֲݣ죬ӾͺˡԷʷʲݣԺҪҳԶ
ңˣֶС˵ԺҳԶҲԡ
СǶ˵ˮصͷ
˳ң֣صлԼСɻزȥˡ
ʱѾ͸ˡ
кż˰Ѷᵽ򿪴ӣڳ͵Ƴ
߽뵹ô£СǴģ
ңͷӶ˭ҳһЩĲľ
п⼸ҲǵƤҰݻҳԡ
ҪֻһԵҲû£Ժ϶
˾˵ǡ
к죡ƬˣȳƬȻ߲ˡ
һǵϵСһպʶƬ΢պ֭ͽ֭磬ڷ
۾̾һ䣬ų֮ǰ˵ҧݣʲô
һֳͻʹĲݡ
ǲе⣿ߴӵһ࣬
ңû뵽˵ⷽȥ˶٣е񡣡
֮ǰ˵ʱҾ͸ое񣬿ǵӣֲʳҧǲǺȻᵼ³θ֮ûȱ㡣
͵طӦߣǲҧҲԳԣ
һûҧݣȷʵԳԡ
ЮһƬǳ鶯㶼ˣȺһƤ
ûСߵ֮ǰôѳԣը֮ζ㡣
֮θɲ᲻
ɲһ޺ֻΪǳԵԣһܲˡ
߷ˣڴؿңôҪȻȥҧݡ
̵ôãĿľ
˵ʲôóԵĶ
Ա߰ǻǵطòԶûʲôȥ£һҲá
һ˾ˣô
һһ£ʲôһҺǰûȥϲż˾ˣ
ңȴûϵҪȥԿһ
Ǿ˵ˡ̶ȥʲôȳԷ
ʵۣŵ£Ǿζ
ѪҲۿɿڣպŷ˴н⡢ըĵһζǳ
Ϊľ㻬
ʣµķʷʲݺܲһ£һãζá
һ˺ң˶ٻԵð߶ͷ΢΢ð˺⡣
Ϊϴߡ
ңĻᣬĴ·ңһȥϴ衣
Ӧûһ¡
ԱߣΪѸֲݴڴģ뿴һ
źӲ̫㣬ʱżңǰӦҲҧݣֻ֮ǰûע⡣
룬һ⣬ǵǰ˵𣿡
ҧйϵ
е㣬һζ߿ԽԵĶҹһڰҪǾͺˣǣǵĵζƷͲô
ζȻһʹŵζƷУҲǿ˵ùȥ
̣ζ߶ҵˣͲζ
ǿҵֱҧݾҪҵζ֮һ
ңҪңǾͿԹȥ
ţߵԲ۾ָָҹգڣ
߰ɣԶҴɹȥң֣Ц⣬ҵķɡ


70 
ҹȥҧݡ
ҹӰ, ǣҲôá
һһǳ·ϡ
ҹıѩر𻬣ֿ̫, ˸, ۾ŵ, ʱԼˤ
˼κ, ң, ԰˵㡣
һü, ڰе, û˵, ֻʣһҰһȥˡ
ңҾˤ, 汳
߷֡ž֣ϣҸ汳
ɽ
߿˿Χľɫ, ͦٹߡ
㲻ôͲһж
ûʲôͬⰡߴЦ۾Դ̾һ, Ҹرɰɼ, ŲžͳҲ̫Ӧ
ɼ, 質Ц
ǲǵճ
ûлָ䣬ûĻҲС
ָϱӼ䣬Ҳû취ܺõ뼯֮ˡ
ò˺üΣǲǲԭ峤, ԲŲϵĵط
û취, ûмǳ, صҽڣٲ뼯
ڱǰαװ̫ˣԸ
ңû׷ʣǵ󲿷ȥԣҲӦˡ
Ҿ֪رָо
߾úر죬˵ʲô۽һƬӰǰǲҧ
ңۣû
ԭǸǰüΣֻҶ˵ܳԣҾûر⡣
վȥɼ
ǰˣһȥ
˵˵ţץңץøһˤȥ
ӿɾʹˡ
Сߵҧǰ档
ҧһֻƺɫĹӣе
һưӡ
ǹ⣬һ쿴
ҧƤһźɫӣҺ٣֭еܹϵĹҡ
ţܴӿڴŵһζ
ζе̱ǣֲͬ
߳ңע⣬һ¡
˻Եζ˲ϡ
ʹúʲôһ£ۡ
ֲýҧ
ţĵǰܺý
ôĹӣ˵Ǿ͸ҳȥҲǺˡ
ңһתɲǣĿơ
û뵽ĳҧ
תͬؿŰߡ
Ҫҵζ̫ˣʱֱ治ûȥ֪֮
ңޱתͷҪǵȻθۣҿ϶Ѻ¡
ײײ˾ôݣ
㳢ѵ
ûһ¡ߣǶժҧȥϴ衣ڵ̫ٲϴ춼ˡ
ժ˹ӣɻȪǱߣȥĳ
ֱʱң֣ҡ
ʲô㣿
װɵ
߿Цã㻹治ģôĶһˣѵȪʱ͵ԣֲʲôóԵ
һ
治ᡣУң㡣
˷ֱʱ򣬰ˣȻϴʱȰϴɾҪȻմҧ֭Ƥ϶|ˮԽ߻Խۡ
Ҳǡ
ϴ衣
ȥʱ򣬰ͻȻ뵽ǳϴ豾͵͵ûڸǰ·
ڰҧûȥҲҹó
ҼʱӦˡ
ѹңһȱܹӣҡ
ң
ߵҪǰҧȥǸ϶ңЩģӾô
֪ˡ
Ұһ緹ɡô⣬ϧˡ
ңð߸Ͻȥ
վԭؿ߱شķȥ
ȰߵӰʧתص
ߵڶ
ΪңѾˣ˲˲Ӵ̹Ƥ£һź˭ˣô
ôĵѾƶһžܼң
û뵽治ǡ
߱˲佩ס
ߣ켸˶Сļҳһ¶Цݣûˣմȥ˾˿һ£ȷûˡ
̫ˡ߿תԵǵýǣԺҳԶ
϶ҪġǴЩлл㰡컹Ǽô̡
лǣǵĶָһͰӷʷʲݡ
˼ʽǵϵܺ
Ҫǲ˵衣
Ϊ˺ܿͻȥ
ûаСȥûаᣬҶȴǺ档
ڲʵ̫ˡ
סԶ
ҺܶʱһҲᡣ
ںòܽӴҿҵķӺ͸ָߣʵںòС
ǵûֱӴֻ̽һ˫˫۾תתȥȵø˸һ
ʵϿ͵ΪֻúͰڼдǡ
ߺͲ󲿷ûйͬ⣬ȴǲ졣
ҪҲĵú졣
ֻǡ
ңʲôʱ
ʱ򱻴ҿ᲻ʲô
е㲻˵ҲʼƵƵ
ǿ˼ǲҪæ˼ǵˡ
˳̨׵ݻҪǼȽ鷳
Ϊļ£οȥչˣ𼱡
ƨ|ɸ̧õɾûˡ
εؿһֻۣٴ¡
ûһᣬһֻ޴ĺųϼӸ߿շ
ңˡ
˾ˡæվк
ǵңأʾ֪ͺһ
ң򵥵ͷߣЩҧоˡ
û뵽Ȼ֪ڻ¶⡣
ңıɺܵ
Ⱥжһۡ
߷ɿسգһ۾
գġ
ɵúã
롣
ңȻյ˼۾΢ɲһ£¶һЦ⡣
˾Ⱥؽֻǲ֪Ϣ
ǸûоʲôֻʰߣߣҪҧʲô
֮ǰ˵һҩоһ¡
Ƕôҩ
ߣҪ׽ֻоһⲻҩ
û£м˾˿ţ¡
ߵı˵ҩ֮ĺ⣬ҪƺԣҪǳɹˣԺٺʹҷ
Ͼ¶ͶߵĿⶼ˵ߣ㶮ࡣ
߲̫˼תĿ⡣
ͦࡣ
ֻǺҩûʲôϵ

ңվԱߣ̸۵ݣ۽ǵЦ
ֶһۡ


71 
̫, Ⱦһٻơ
īȻһ׼緹
Ƿ׷׸ǡ
ңҲҪȥӲ, ô, ûг, ʲôȥҼҳԷһɽǿ
ҲЦȰ˾Ҫʱȥ, ҶûǲǿǼҵķˣ
ңûС
֪û, Ǿߵ쳢ҧ
ңü, ڣ
պϣȿһ£ܲζһЩ
ʳ֮󶼻԰ȫ
ֻ΢, ҲûжĽ
ʮָȤشչ, ҪôֱӰڳ
ȳԹ, ǰŪн⡣
áȥ⡣
˳ȥ, ܿ㱨, ䷿µŵѾ, Ҳ͹ʮ졣
ü, ôô٣֮ǰʱ, оٳһš
ʣϸ, ˣˡ
гˣͷ, ǲ½, ôôгˣ⣿
Ӧ, ȿˣҩݳȥһҩݻѬһ¡
ֻˣʱҲһȥܵӶ࣬Ӧòȱԡ
ҲȲ䣬ůһЩӦÿ֡
һ̵Ƕ࿪һ˵ذɣ֮ǰֵôԡжӣԶһ㽴
ɲֹ࿪һءӡӡźӡܲҪ࿪üء
û£һ
ңڻߣĬŻֵ졣
һ˵һִ߽õطŵչ
չ찾õͣͷͽһȥ̱һŨζ
һڣ߶С˻
ңؽµĲȫֻ̿ڵգ𣿡
У
ͽϼýƣ߽̳һ״󽴽ȥַһǰŨİ֭塣
󽴼ãʢһΪãȻٽڳҧҷŽȥ
ûжţͷס
ˣҧĹһչ̱ͼһ
硪
⧲֮£æԶܵſڣ˸硣
磬û꣬ѾԺλڴ硣
˷ȷʵѬ
߸оãЩɬıǻ|ѹȥ
һٶзӦΨµңɽ
̧߲ͷ
ңҲӣüͷ
߿ԼϾʧЦôʹ
ңĿ⣬Ӳѹȥ롣
һҪ˵
죬ֻǹｴϻ̡ɻ˵ʲôأ
ٷὴȥͺˡߵ˵һҪ廨⡣
ȥá
ߵĽѾ찾ˡ
ֻҷһ㣬ˣչը
չǳǳһճĽ֭ɢĶζ
Ҩϡ
ˡ
ӺںɫĽɢŨζǽϵص㡣
߽ϷŵһߣŽ
ﻹŽϣûϴֱӷˮ
ɫˮҲɽɫէһ±⡣
СƲȥĸĭ
ܿˣһܲȥ
ҳʳ壬רÿˮ̹壬棬ͼгɾȵıƬ
ңȻü£лñ߶Աȣϴɾֹ
С֡
е֣øɾӹ
ˡ
ңԱ߿⣬˳ջ𣬽Ũ
䣬Ũˣ࣬ʱеڼ͵Ч
Ͼʳ
һõƬպϡ
һǼ̹ķʷʲݣʷʲڳԽ۴ִΨһвľŸͷĿζҲζ΢㡣
߲ںĿζôһڱϣʲô
û͸ϽԣߵԭζպϣǼҧҵպϣǿպı߰
к£һӾƬ
ң׿гƬÿһƬаƴ籡Ȳ÷壬Ҳᱡûнͷ
߿һƬ⣬ڼҧպ֭˸Ȼгһ
ĳ˹ģƬⶼͽգʵʵһ֭Ҳû©
ڳʣ뿴ı顣
ңøһЩı飬ҲĹҵİա
һСӡ
ߵԲ۾ַװˮıӣϸƷ⡣
һ죬ĵһӦ
ҲǽĩдͳζʳƷմϱߡ
ֱĵģһ㶼ûлζģ
ζ̫̼ˣϣպϷǡô
һڳȥˬζ̼úܡ
ֻθڴ󿪣ȥ֮쵹һ˻˻ˬҪָо
˵ţæЮӷʷʲݣζѹȥ˻
˵ʱѾкҲ׵ñ죬ﶼŵʪ⡣
ԾԾԣôóԣ㶼ˡ
ͷȷʵܺóԣպһ㣬ܲӦ
ҲҳԿСġ
ЮһСһ⣬ֻڱԵմһ㣬СطŽ
Ĩһϵϸŷʷʲݣϸı顣
üͷ۾ˣ΢һţ͸šʲôϢ
æϲ³Ӳʡȵˮ
ҡҡͷ˵ͬʱȥˣ˻У
ץӺһˮؿߣζأôóԣһٳһ顣
ǰɣ΢̧°ͣζ
صİԹ󣬴ҲӣЮƬպԡ
Ʒʱüͷһֱš
īң̫
ûʲô顣
ңǽеˮ©ǰߣĸܡ
߲ܱȽע
˴⣬Ƕպ˵ڶΡ
ӦûϲҪȻӡ
ʹĸоȥһЩҲʼٴպ
Ϻõ⣬ʵﻹиֵϵζЮôһպζ̼󶯡
ȷʵҲˡ
˻ĺˬ
һٷһ˶Ե÷ǳ㡣
һʷʲݻѾˡ
緹󣬰ŶӲԸ⶯ҳԳˣҪϢһ£æȥɡ
ӣ֮צĶƤȥԳˣӶĳˡĸأ鸹أ
צǷǷצô䣬ҶƤϸ飬ÿÿ
ǲůˣøһ£ûиĶƤҲͦ
ԴһתɤӺǸǸһܰ
ˣ
ҳԳˣˡ΢ıһ½ǶȣͷʳѾ춥ˣ⣡˾ˣæ
ô£˾ֲһ˵ļ˾ˣ㻹ʹˡ˾ˣ
һ˭


72 ݮ
߳Ե̫ˡ
Ϊһ, ôûԣͲòС
ζúõعһ, ۾̱, ŵÿ߲ˡ
ңļ, ̫䣬طϢ
, СŲһ, ̫УһҶ¡
˵, ֪˻ǲǾо
ңƳһۣθ
ߵԼһ£Ų¸ȥ, ûɣ
ңᶯ˶, ûлش
ǳ緹ѾԻȥ, ʣ
߿ң, վڱϸʲôġ
ʲô
ʲôԡ, ̫, ҸоҪ㽡θʳƬ
ҪȻµ
, ò׳ȥʳҲŲ¡, źûнθʳƬ, ɽҲа
ɽ髣
һرĺɫСӣ԰
ңûӦ
ɽ, Խ˵Խ, , ھӦǺ«ˡ
ĺɽ髣ϴɾ֮󣬹һ£ҧųԣһҧȥ£Ȼɽ⣬ڿǻϣᣬ̼˿ˮ
ϲȥ˺ˣŵɽ髣ûôᣬûѣ⣡һȥ춼º͹⣬óԡ
ԣҲûС
ף
һֽеݮĶ˵ɽ髺񡣡
ôû˵
أȥ𣿡
϶ȥֲԶһһ·ǽȥ
ңں濴ֲˣ
ҿԿ˷ؽﻻ·ôǸˣܲԵŵòܶǰɣҪȻö
ңȥ塣
û뵽ǻûأͿһҪҵݮĵطæ
أ廥к˫Ѽ䡣
ƣģҲݮ
ȻǡĶʲôóԵģǶΪ˼̡
˽֪ͣΪʲôôů⼸컹꣬ԭһˣ̣Ѭɡ
ңüǲ꣬ôû˺˵һ
峤ž˵ѾȥǱߡ˾ȱģӦò̫⡣
ȻҸǻز俴
һ곤һ߹ҲҲֻ⡣ĶǱȽ⣬ŵþ˾Ƕϰˡ
ңͷȥܰһЩ
л˾ˡ
һ˵
˵꣬˼̣߲ңСʵû°ɣ
Ӧûʲô¡ңȲɵݮԽԽ𣬺쵽ڵЩֱӳԡ
ݮʯϡ
ʯûлѩݮīɫҶʯָͷĹӡ
ϸ۲һ£ֹӵ״еҽ
ֻζ˻
Ҳ̫ˣֱᵽݷ
ٶ켷һˣˮڣҲ̫ˣĶѾôᣬЩǳҪôԡ
Ǻᣬ·񶼲ôǵĹӡ
㻹ҳԣ͵صԲ۾ٿңûעߣңһ£ǲֵܣ
ҧ㶼ʳֵݮʲô
ܰüëĶҩȥһ꣡ҲһҸġ
Ҳԣ
ÿֵ֣ܣǾиͬͬ
ʱԲֵܡ
Сȴ֡
߲ע⣬š
ͷûңߣҲûң˴·硣
Ƽ죬߻ûܳɹ۵ú϶Ǻˮ
ңְļ򣬡ˣԼժһš
룡߿Եǿɫĵݮɣ
һ㡣
ң˵ᣬȴüͷû˵ر١
ߡһᵽַͬѰɬȻչʾһ£ôΪ桪
ᵽˡңΧûע⣬üͷһ䣬Ұҩѳԡ
һЦ
ߵĶתǡ
ѹЦЦ˶У
Ц˵Ļһգ
ագңղס
죬Ц۾ȫ¶ѩ׵ݡ
۽˵Цᡣ
ңվǰӣҲһЦ⡣
治Цˣ˸ùˡ
ҵ죬ҵӺᡣʹԼգһΪֻޱӡ
ô᣿߰ɣժݮȥ
һƬݮû˳ԣִֶࡣ
ר÷ϵժһժ˺ü
ЩݮƤͦر֮⣬ûȱ㡣
СĽǷŵǻ༷ѹƤר޶һݷŽȥţá
һժ˰㹻ǵݮԡ
ֻ˻ڼ̣һʱûлȥ˼ֻøңһȡ
ǵݮҪȽ٣ȴơ
üԵòˣ߸ɴſʹժ
棬ҲִЩ÷ϵĵݮֻҪˣһŵ㲻
ǻȥʱѾժݮ
˿ժô࣬˵ԭϲǣ´ȥҼ˾˵ʱ򣬿˳һ㡣
ллʵǳ棬صظҴ̫鷳ˡЦżǵժݮѾܺˡ
ң˿ɫǵĻʱ仹磬Ȼȥ
æӦ
ط
ժݮĵط㴦ıԵǵĲм䡣
ǷһͲˣơ
ԱȽů⼸ֲ̫䣬µꡣ
꽻ӣ·;ܷɵƲ֮ϣصʱҲܵùǺ
һأ˸æƤ³滻Ǹǵˮǿ𣬿ǵǵġ
峤ܿкң˵Ҳû뵽ôõ꣬춼ᵽɽȥˡ
ʳﹻ𣿡
׼ʳﱻƤʲôˣǲЩʪˣ̫ãȥһЩ
߸һ𵽻ѱ߿
ܱε࣬ô
ʪֻҪΣЩˮ鶼ϣ΢һ£ܿ͸ˬˡ
߸۽
ڲ֪쳣򣬼峤ѾˣҶҲ
е㾪ȣΪһͨˣ껹ͦģʳҲûȱٹ
û뵽ֿ־Ȼ쳣״̬·ģģ֪ܷḻʲôطȥ
ţе


73 
ԭΪңһֱȽϵ, û뵽ôġ
ȥʱ򣬻һֱء
˺üΡ
ò䵽ϣ߰ο, , Ѭͺá룬ںôô, һʳﻵ, ҲԳȥԲɼ²
áȥɡ
㶼ҵſˣҪ߰ôԸǵݮ
˵̽ͷһ, ӳ鶯˼, ſеζ
ǼҵӦöڼҡ
תͷң, æҰǲڡ
ʲôæ
ôһѵݮ, æϴһ£Ҫǿһ, ҵϴʲôʱȥ
ңæ, ңֻ
߽ĵݮ, ЩѾѹƤ©ϺĹ֭ϸСӡ
һ֭, ۵ϧˣոժôãڻôࡣ
ǣժ
ȿܲɹ, Ϊʲôժ, ݮû, ֲܳ, ֲܷţ˭Ļȥժ
ذѼĴľͰ
ɽûȪˮÿԵˮ˹ɽº
Ҫϴĵݮ᲻üˮɴͰңȥӱߡ
˵ÿһʱ䣬Ӷⶳ
һ궼ˣӻʲϢߺ˵
ҪôĺҪô̫ˡ
߿źӡ
ңվԱߣʲô
ǵݮҪô
˵ִͰһںڵĵݮһӣԼһ飬úɽ髲¡
ɽ髺óԻǵݮóԣ
⻰ʵãϱӺãⱲӺһ
˲е΢ĸо
˶һۡ
գգ۾һˮ˵üƽиζñȽϡ
ң׷ʣͷæϴݮ
ȻûжϣӦѾ£ںˮһᣬһ˫־ܱͨ졣
ϴһоһ˫ֱ͸ˣʵܲˣֻԼȡů
ңȻȥ׼ǣϴ
Ǿͷչ׼ϴܿ㡣
˰Щݮϴɾңһɽ
ҳϲǣ˸Ƶ˵չֻһߣˮڻǡ
ûľȴǡ
˰ϸӣˮϴɾÿˮһ£ȻϴõĵݮһſŴ
ǵݮò˶ǣժĵݮֶࡣ
Ȼˣ߸ɴֱӴʮമȻݰ棬ϱǵݮԡ
溮š
ůζƮ˳ȥ
ӣĵؽ͸΢Ƶǽ
ǽѾཹðСˡ
ÿմһ㡣
һʱǽڿᣬγһ㱡ǿǡ
ˡȱæͣҰѵݮùϡ
Ҫʲô
á
СץһѴõĵݮŽչ
չʣһ壬ֻбŷϣر
СĽݮȫǽȥǳֽݹٽ
ǽع¹Ҳסǽæתŵݮǽܵع档
䡣
ǽ˲ʱ̣Ϻڵĵݮγһ㱡ǿǡ
ǿûбӨ͸ȴҲˡ
߽õĵݮСһתһݸң쳢ǵͶɹ
˵ţ߽ǵݮſһֱӵסһţŽ˱һ¡
ζǻӣ׵ҧסµĵݮһ£ҧ顣
ݮоӷǳһ֭һҧȥһֱЧ
һζ˲Ʈ˳ȴ̲סһƷ
һʱ䣬ǵζ֭ζݮζȫһ𣬰һرζ
û
Ҫóԡ
ߵͷ۱ǵݮȱǺ«ʤһ
ҪǱǺ«ɽ髱ȽϴµķԽ٣ҧʱζƫء
ǵݮҲĴָôһŹӣһҧȥǺ͹Ӽ԰֣ζҲɿڡ
Ѿһűǵݮңû
ƭ㣬ĺóԣ쳢߽ǵݮݵߣ쳢֪ˡ
ңͷۣųһš
߶ı飬ڴʵôûƭɡ
еҪóԡ
Ƕһ㣬ջҲԶҰʣµЩݮϡ
ֻҪݮǣתһ£һǵݮˡ
ȫҲѶʱ䣬ܿ깤
ǵݮϹһ㱡СۣӰڸУҲụһ
߽ȷŵϣ⻻һõչʣµĵݮչһˮʼ
ݮʣµҲչ߻רŵ˵㿪ˮϴչϴˮҲչУһ㶼û˷ѡ
Ǽҽ˺ܶι߼죬ֻȹŨɫͿʢ
ʱ򣬳Ʈһζ
һؼҾʣʲôôô᣿
ݮ
ʲô
ɵһСӣһ˱ǵݮϲϲ
һ˵кóԵģæ߽
Ϸŵıǵݮһⲻӣ񶼲԰
߳Ĵָ˵
û˵ҲԡЦһת㿪֣ҳģ
δ䣬ѾҧǿǣĹ֭©⣬һӶһ¡
߹۲ı顣
棬ǰıǵݮζȻ
Ҳ˭֡磬Ҹݲݻӡ
ͷűǵݮܳȥˡ
ûһһݽô๻𣿡
ˡ߿ۣٸһӹ˳öӡ
ǼҵҶơ
ӸϸִͣҲôӲʮֺá
Ҫʱûգ߻Ū
ܿͰҪжùˡ
һŹĹһ
ֽʮƬ̺һĲͳ¡
ùӰѲӹĲֿݸ磬嵽Ҥȥһ㰡
Ȼأ
ȻЩǵݮ嵽ȥ
һͨæ
īЯֻһ۾ͿԼҳԱһӡ
ĲһϺɫĶģǳ֡
īңк
ʣʲôֹرᡣ
ߣǸʶֹӣ
ôʶ֮ǰǽ̴ȾﻹֹȾȾɫڹȾĲࡣҪ
廰˵бǵݮǸ쳢ⶫζģر档
ժһԼҧһݵīߣҲҧһ
ͬʱüͷ
ʣô
û뵽ζ
˵ǵݮٵǰ˿
īеᡣ
ôĶȷܻᡣˣ磬ѾٳˣҪȻȻҧҧ
Ϳ˰ɣôҧ֮ԱǣǰҲûԹζĹӣ֮ʲô¶ûС
˵ģϳԺ⣬Բɱû㡣Ǹ˾ҲڼԷ
ãҶ׼ˡ
ңʱ伸˰߼ҵĳפ˿ڣԱߵãȻȥ
ҲȰ㡣һҪͬǼҾɱһͷ⣬ʣµֻˣ첻ԣϿɵõꡣ
ûô

ң仰Ĭ
ߺܾûԺˡ
÷
ҰⲻУҰⲻ⴦ĻζȽϴ
ֻּ⣬㡣
Ǽɱһͷǡôʵͣⲻϲۣ첻ʲݡ
ص廨⻹ʣһ顣
ϸϸ廨г齫С˴н⡢ݵơ
һ׼úƹɫٽȥһʣµĺҵ㣬
֭󿪣ƮһŨӣ𣿡
Ѿϴˣˮ
ǽףԼһ飬ĵȻˮŵ
ߵĺˣ׷Ҳˡ
׷㣬
һ飬һСڣܳ۶еζ
Է
ǺͿ²ˣ׷
һںãȲؼһ⣬ŵ׵׷ϡ
ɫ֭׷С
ҧһõĺ⣬ʶ壬ݶ壬һҧȥǻ֭õ⡣
Ҹֳۣһڰ׷
׷ԽԽǡǡк˺һζ
ʳǿ쳢˾ˣ춯ӡ
ԵͷҲ̧ٿⶼҪҳˡóԣߣôûԣÿ
ûȰѲܷꡣĺúóԣ


74 æ
ĺó, ׷һ
ϧĵӳ֮⣬ܳԾʣôһ㣬Ҳֻʣ´ȡ
ź, ֵֻܵ, 㣬úóԸ񫡣
߼ҵӻʣһЩ
, , ҤÿΣевеۣһ˵緹ͺ, ˵Ļ, ٳԵ油һ¡
ҵʱҪ, ĵúܿ졣
߳ʸң, ȥɵݮ
ΪҪȥĵط, رԶ, , ǱҰ͡
ϴժݮѾ죬û뵽һط, ײˡ
ԵرΣңһۡ
ң΢ɲüͷ
߸оĵǡ
ǷеĶҲǡ
˾ˣߡ˹к, ǹ̡
ڻꣿ
û, ǰ춼, 类͸ˡһ˽͵, ǲֻһطûô¹꣬͹߼ˡ
ߵͷǵѬôˣ
ֻһ亮ѡ
ΪǵѬˣôһ仰˵û뵽һڣ˵ϴųɡ
һ
￩һ¡
岻ĳ˰ɣ
תͷңң֪ܲ
ңüͷøѬɣǴǰѾѬ
Щţû뵽ôůһֱ̲̫꣬ãʣһһֱšʿ¿ʼԺͲɼӦò̫ȱʳ
⻰ˮְ롣
ȥԺͲɼܻõʳҲޡ
쵽ˣ±ůһЩܶදﻹǻǨͶߣֲܶҲ˼
˾б£Ҳҵѹڵʳ
߶ңᱻŪȥ
峤𣿵Ȼȥǲ䡣
ʿǴȥˣǻȥʱӦҲڵʱûһֱ֮ǰʳ
ԵЩţɫҲʼò԰ס
ңûй׷ʣȻҸǹȥȥ̣Ҫ
æɢ
ңʰߣһȥ壬ȥ
һȥ塣ҿܲܰæҲȱţ峤û㣬˵⻹ûдʰ
浽Ҫ˵ĵز˿϶Լǿš
ڲԸ˵˵ʱ˵ùǲ鷳Ĳ䡣
ңҲƾձʳ
ҪңֻñĲȳʳǡ
ңͷȥǿժݮ½һ
ҵĵϡ
ߺңԼĽճɼʱҲϡ
Чʻʯߵöࡣ
ңѽ룬ռ̵ٶԼӿ졣
֮ǰǻҪһ˳һͨͨң
ĲɵŵݮŽġˡ۵ֱ顣
ڽʵʮּӲҪӲʱȴǻС
쿳ôջʱп϶Сȱڡ
Ψһð߸еοһľǵĵ߶Լƣάɱ̫ߡ
ľˣƽĥһѺõ
Լͻάޡ
̫յУѾռ㹻Ĳ̡
ΪռĲ̫࣬ǲòһ˱Σεϡ
ңҲΡ
Ϊ˾ʿ䣬ϵľء
ְæϵʱ򣬿Ϻѹѹһ̣е㲻ˬ
ͻһš
Ҳ֪ӺζΪ̫æû
ֻͳΣôҲע⣬һεңߡ
ң죬ͷӣԴ΢΢˻ΣʾԼԡ
ſֱ֣һңë׵|ͷ˵ҲҪȥˣԣ
˵ţֽңߵһ£νӴң๣ңߴ£ǸΡ
ι
ſ˫ӵһңĲӡ
ңëеĹʵֻůָһ
̲סߣèһߣһ¡
弸̵ҲΣñһ
ӧǿм뵽ⳡ̵жС
Ϊ࣬ߵҲԽԽ
ʱͷһ˸ߣ͵ʱҲһҪ
αͱҪվԱߵʱα˼ҴһȦĲҲ˼Ҷһ
ã̲̫أط岿Ҳ̫Զ
ûɶãص塣
岿ڵĵѾֻ꣬ǿͦʪ󣬵ǻˮ˾ߵ·ҲŢһƬ
ң˴ȥ⡣
Ϊůˮ࣬Щӱ䶳õز㡣
ɫûҺڣȥоϻŷ֭Һ
ٷŵӵһ£е㷢ڵȫʵĵز
˶ңǾηΪңڣ԰Ҳò
⣬˴ȥĲ˸ɺ͸
ǵĵؽͬůʪ浽ĸЩʼùãһȥʱŵһɸζ
ǳð
߼ȺлкӣԽء
˴ǵʳĵطתһȦȻǻصɽ
صѹü˲Ҫܱյɽе
ңȥ֮˵ļ嶼š
ѬɽܱɽڵĴɽ
ѬķȤⶼɽмŵļϣµżѣеտ
ֱðζζ̫ţΪů͵ĹϵɽΧŵ˷ࡣ
ȡůʳϢҪľ󲿷ֻ
һ߽ŵһŨҵѬζǺÿ˼
Ѭζǵ̻ζľͷɵĹϵѬζдһʪľͷùζ
ǰֻǾأһĻ׿ȥѬⲻζ𣿡
ϲࡣ
ǲεʱϴ裬ζᶨȥϴ
θࡣ
ڣ˲ûиˬϢûʵʳѬҲζ
ֱĴ
ôʣϵıҲÿû취Ǵ̫ˣôѬѬꡣ
Ҳ֪Ƿ⣬ֱҪǵĿ
̲סѬˡҼһмµĴչҽը⣬һܱ档
˵ʹԼĴ|һ¡
ʱ˲ʳܶʳˮ֣չʱ򣬾ᵼը
Ҫը⣬ˮô󣬹Ʋըչꡣ
Ҫչ˾ˡ
꿴ֵ˭ʹҤʱҪȽ٣ǽһ¡
ĸԼ裬û뵽һ̧ͷȴãȻı顣
ֽ͵ҪⱣҪýˮѬˮըͬԣѵø죬ѵøɾ
ƶǶصͷ
ңʣа𣿡
ֻҪ㹻ͺչҿԱ֤Ч
СĵִҪ峤
ӦõģôҲǵ飬ǵͬ⡣۾һƳѬ⣬ֻǼôҲѬˣѾζѬ岻ãﻹôСء
Сͷ
˵仰ĳɫٶóˡ
Ա߱Ŵȵĺ۾ҧ֣һ档
һԱһСԴ峤ȥҼҵչ˳õϹһ⣬ڸлһ㡣
Ҫߣ˶Ӽۣл˵ȴû˸
ңǵɫסߣʯȲŻȥչ峤
ңѻ˵ˣ̴򿪻ϻӡ
˾˵öԣߣٵһ
ǵҲˣΡݡȥȲݻǲ䳣ԵĴ⡣
ԣҪը⣬Ҳǵʯô鷳չһըˣ鷳ˡ
ϴŸмΧŰߣߡ
û뵽Ѿ˳ңһۣңûзԵ˼ͺðˣǰѬȿһ¡
˺ܿһѬŵ
һһžͷ֣ЩѬŵ֮ǰҪһ㡣
ΪڴҪıԵû취ȴǡ
߱ζѬе¡
˽ŵؿôа취𣿡
а취һ¾ͺˡ
߳ЦЦ
˿Цɿ
˵ŻʱĴһԼָ
ָͷϲ֬кĵࡣ
Щ⣬ֹĸ
ֻǿЧǺԣѾʵ¡
߸оûҪµĵˡ
Ҳ粻ζ
ĵ̾һ
ⶼǺ⣬úܸɾκܷ
ǰ׻ĲֳˣصһĿ
û뵽ôã⻹ûϣȻˡ
Ҳ֪Ȳȵû


75 ը
峤ܿͻˡ
«, īһȦҪǻϱӣѾˡ
Ϊķ¶, Եú, ݣ۴ˣͷû֮⣬˵Զ
߼һˣ泾ػ, ¸̾
«ңߴк
Ѽ䣬߿żɽ«峤ЩѬİ취ٶ̫, ҪĲҲ, бİ취, ֪ǸвȤ
İ취ָʲô«Ц˵, ⼸, İ취, Ҫʲô취˵Ƕš
߽ˮ˵һ飬Ѭ, Ҿը, Ѭûʮ, ʮ춼Ѭ, ըһը, ʡʱʡҲȥҪŵùңըһԡҪǲУٻعͷѬ
ը«һ˵ַը
ԣͰˮֶƳȫեɣͲỵˡǵͻɣ
ǲ˺ܶͣкܶͣҪĻھù
û뵽«ܵô죬ԭ׼õһ󷬻Ȼû˵
˶٣лл«峤ΣһṼǡ
«ֿЦһ֪иʽҽȴѾ̬߱
һӣǰʯͶ̧һԡ
ûָԼģԸԾѾˡ
ôţ߳ЦЦȻǰʯ
ʯͰϱӼĶĸǣοգİۣһڼڼϵĹ
ǣĹڱչҪ٣ֻһҵĺȣĿڻԲΣһȣִĹҲ˶١
öڡ
ּӲʵطǳϸܣһʯͷͬ
̲ס̾Ǵҵôһʯ
ڳġڳʱ򣬾иŵ״˵Ĵĥų
«꣬ǲһڴʯһģҪʲô
׼ͣȰѬ⣬ÿˮϴһ顣
ʲô«Լˣĵظһ飬ÿˮϴ⣬ϴ겻ʪˣỵɡ
ߵͷѬŵĵ̫񣬵ϴɾҵͨĵطɣȻôϣһŵ͹ͻըȻᷢࡣ
«һ˵ôֵİ취ƵĿңһۡ
ңͷ˵ȥɡ
«վԭԥ˻ᣬŵϴһ֣ûЧҪûЧİ취
֪ϵ˵ԷϴӦˬ죬ҲȫȻԼ«峤˵еϴһ֡
«ټ֣˿ȥϴ⡣
«˵ȥϴ⡣
ϴʱԥˣժһľϵ⣬ŵľʱóȥһ룬ˮϴʱóȥһ롣
ԭھʣһС⣬Цõض˵Ƕϴһ㣿ôһ㣬׶ǲסص׼һˣҲûʲô˼
ΪѵؿһֿۣԼ峤ʹذҪ󣬽ⶼʢſˮ
ЩѾеζ
뿪ˮʱ򣬱ˮζ
߾վԱߣüͲ˿һۣ鶼Щѿ
ºͣòݽĵˢҪǿ˵ĵطҲҪֱ¶ɫ΢ɫ֬Ϊֹ
«ͷʾŰ졣
ԱߺһϴЩһ߷ڵж˶岻ãӰ캢ӡʵҲ٣污һ㻵Ϳˡ
еرõʱҪСġ
Ա߶š
᲻ãҲǰҪ󣬰ѻⶼ
ⱻ
е㵣˻Щ·ԣʱصص˵ýŲʵ
Ǳϴɹ
͹棬һͱ紵ˡ
ʾ˹ͣʼջ
˴Ͷ࣬ըͦ㡣
վڹ߿һ΢Ƶʯڻðݡ
棬΢΢ܸоȶȵʱ򣬾Ͱѷ˱ˮֵ⵹ʯС
͹ð΢Сݡ
ǿӿˮַڡ
Ūľϴɾӡ
Ю⣬һ鿴
ЩѬⱾˮһ룬½ʪ˱棬ʵˮҲ̫ࡣ
ĵؿ΢ƣٱýƣдһ֣ŰЮ
Ю滹ðϸСݡ
«ָ⣬ͺˣ
̶ˣҪǻģȻһЩٷȥըһ顣ߵһȰһ֮󣬴ҿԳһ
ô죬ŵУܿˡ
«ཫŽɵǿ⡣
ը˵ּӲάԣź㡣
«ϸᣬѬʱζըûˣ˭оһЩ仵⡣
Ź«ͼ˺һСŽﳢȻһ˺Ȼû˺
ϾȵıԣȻڲΣָȻⶼ˺Ҳ̫ˡ
а˰˷ץʹһ˺˺
˺άˣһ£һСŵ
̣ͦƵʱãỵúܿ죬صض˲Ρ
ڳζ
ζ֮⣬صѽ
«оݿ֨죬һһӷᡣ
ƫͷһ䣬ôǲǺѬе񣿡
Ѭɸѽ
ǰɣˮز뱣϶ûʲôˣҪǲģȻԷŵըһ顣
ըһҲԡ«ڿϴ𣿡
ҪǾףͿϴˡˣ͵⣬ʱȰŵɾˮĹը͵ȥͷڣ겻⡣
«̵ͷУȥù
ҲԿʼ׼ˣһҪˮѡֿܷġصĹӡ
Գը⣬ҲǷס
˵ʲôҸʲô
Ǽȫһϴ⣬߱ϵܿСɽæ
«ָ˰ʯҲ˹ϴɾڸջͬը
æһ죬Ƥºͷζ
ô䣬ȵÿڸֱƤⶼЩ
˺ҹǺò׽ըˣִǽһһ
ߣǳʱ򣬿ͬʱ͡һ˵ЩҪһ֮ԣŻúóԡ
«ʶһ䣬Ϊʲô
Щը̫ˣһ£ͲŻҲڳԵĻֲָֻ񡣡
߶˶٣Ҫڳԣǿ԰гƬŵˮһӦҲóԡзʷʲݵӣʷʲⲻһ
«Ϣ֪ͨʷʲݣʱ˲Ͽߣлл㡣ȥ˳ȥ÷ʷʲݣ𣿡
һ㶼
ңһۣѯǷȥ
ң϶
߰ڰЦҲ̫ԶҪǲȥҰǻᵣģǽȥɡ
꣬ҵѶеʱ䶼סɽ
ɽôû취һһɽסʱԱ֣˶ס̡ͨ
߰˴æ«಻˼Сɽ޵ĻҲ˵ֻõͷ㡣
Цֲʲôİˣʲô͵ģһһأ춼ˣǻǺúôڲɣ˾˴һȥС
һ«ĲҪԼͣͷȥ㡣

ߺңܿɻȥ
ʱôûؼٳһˣңһȥɽϵȪϴ˸衪Ӷң׼¡
ҪǸ߷ǵôȤ䲻ɣû˼̫ˡ
ؼҸ˴˸кͷ˯ըⶼûô
˯лŵڶҪ𴲣ʷʲݸ塣
û뵽ڶ
˲ˣһݴ񡪡ըʯ
üϸĥŴĥĴʯ


76 
ûٺ彻, ȴǵһյص˶ˡ
«࣬ٿ, , ̫ˣʰɣ
һʯǻڣ㲻رϲʯ϶һζ
ԣǡ
«ˬʵЦŴ, 㣬Űɣ˵´λҪæĵط
λ͵峤Σ֮, ָֻ˿, ƺ˶˼֡
ƾ, ˻Ҫ
ֲˣ, ֻǻرķʷʲݺ;²Ϊ
Ѽķʷʲ޶, ²Ҳһѳ, ʣµķʷʲݲָ塣
ʷʲݵĳɳٶȺܿ죬ܳ磬ͿʼջҪڷֵ, ʩʵĻ, ǼܳҶӡ
ֲǷǳϸӦʳƷ
ôһͨ, ʱӽء
˲١
, °͡һʱ, ܿҪˡ
ǰ߻ָĵһꡣ
ƽƽ˳˳ջණҲ˺ܶ࣬ԣ
һ뵽Ҫ꣬Щп
ңûʲôرĸо
ʢĽǴİڣ쵽һֻһּڵת
ȻڣǻҪɻ
ůͣûϡ
ŶȽеʱ򣬰ؿѳ
ڲѣȴʱ򣬺Ϊũæȥļڡ
Ǽڵɽͷ벿ʮԶң֮⣬ûб˼ҡ
Ҫأѡֵĺ̲
ǽӣˮȽƽң˵ûʲôˮʱֻҪ̫ӣӦþͲᱻû
ߴڿĵطһƬˮֵӺź
ӺźԿС߲ˡ
ÿ߲˶Լϲá
еϲеϲеºеԣЩҪڿصʱϸϸ滮
һֲﶼûҪȻ溦ǳأҲҪǽȥ
ѵʱ򣬻ÿغͼľ룬Լȵľ롣
Ҫѡ߶ĵطʱȥũͶѷʶȽϷ㡣
߽ԼĹͼϸ˵˳Ҳң
˲̫öЩƣֻǾ÷ǳӡ
Դֱ˵ˣôңҲǲס
ǲסҲ˵һ¡ЦЦпˣдǾ֪ˡ
д
öĳֶ¸ǺţԺһǺžס
߻еŪֽ
ҪĻֽӣŪ¶ܵõֽƬ
ֻİŪʾͲһˡ
߿ңһۣңĬغӣ˴Ŀж˵㸴ӡ
߽˵֣꣬ǲôʳֹԼҳԵľУ𣿡
ЦԴһѣһҲûϵе
֣߰ҲС
棬Ϊ׷õԭŪûˡ
仰еƣһȴˡ
ǵʵ֣ͦÿԺͲɼʱ˵Ƚ٣ڴԡɼ֮࣬ʣµľ֡
ʳҲ˿ֵһ֣ûбʵ
ѹ֤ʳĿ֣еòʧˡ
˺ܶ඼롣
ǵȷĽ߼ҵʳɾΪ׷ʳŪԼôۣʮֲǡ
ʲôǳԣαΪӶ⸶ôʱ䣿
ֹ߲ͬʳΪʳΪ׼
Ǽûϻ˯ŵˡ
еľ˶ǡ
īʹҲǣֻΪˣԸݰߵ뷨
߹ƣʶУΨһľңˡ
ңΪְʮʳĲɼʹ洢ۺܶ࣬ҲҪ֤ˡ
Щ࣬ͼֵͣ㶫ֲۣҪʲôǾС
ߣ֮ǰǲۣ֮ɾͲһˡŵĻԽԽ࣬ҲܻԽԽۣӦûܵķΧڡ
ҲûϵֳʳҲԸȥ֡ǸǾأ
ӣ΢ЦҲûٳ԰
һ˻ҪĵĵطͿʼɻ
Ĳһ׵£ĵֲǳࡣ
쵽ˣϿֲﻹûô࣬Ȼһڿµĸϵ飬һùľĸϵͿƽ׵ء
ﲻֲĸϵиʯͷӡС
һǳ˵Ļơ
ҺнũߣҪȻ֮ǰʯǳһÿ۵ܿѳҲޡ
֮ǰۡ
ĻۣǼҵʳֲ˸ɡɡ񵰡ˡ̲ˡ顢ҵȣذڼϣΪÿͶṩ˴
ңҲæ
īԭֹ
ң˵ߵæҲ˵Ժջʳңһݣ
ī˵һ£Ĭˡ
ңǼҸɻÿҲǼҳԷ
߲Ǹĵˣڸɻɵô࣬ķӲܣÿһ
ôһʱȻЩ״̬֮ǰҪá
һ־ֶͳϣı״̬
߸ɻϲѺס
ȰԶˮԴĵطѳ
ЩطȽϸɺҲȽӲȽ鷳
Щط󣬽ſӱߵʪأͲʲôˡ
һѳżˣ֮ǰķϣϡ
ЩѾ͹һʱ䣬ζȽС߸оܽܡ
˵йǸС
񶼻ǸԷȥ
ǳ⣬ǵȴ쿪ʼֲʱŰѷ˹ȥֶôֵġ
۵ֱ¿ѳ̫ˣ㣬Ȱѷʩһ׷ʣǷͺú󣬴ֶؾͻ࣬׳ɳ
Ȱѷȸ췢ͣҪǴʩʵĻܻո
Ҳֵؽ⣬ĸϸͳҲΪܴ⡣
㲻רҵʿֻܸǰģģļ䣬ȰĹԲ
֪˵ʲôֻܸĴָС
еߺǣϢһ£Ȼɡ
Ǽôʱ󣬻ķʮֿɹۡ
߹϶ȱã겻Ҳȱá
ǲ֪᲻ֶ˼ңеĻѷʷһȥܾͲ̫ˡ
뵽һ㣬ͻȻʴǸҪֶ飬Ͳ˵ûУ
վ㲻˵л˰æ
߿Цãǿίظһ£׼ֶȵڵˣʱٲ֣
֣ίˣҪ֪ڿأ϶æ
Ǽ鷳࣬ȷʵԸ˰æ
תͷһ¿ѳһأĨ˰Ѻٵȼɣǰֵźˮ￪㿪ˣʱٺͲ˵
ͷҲôģҲûôż
ԶԶɻīң˾ˣǿˣͱĲҲ˵һɣ˵˴ԺͲɼ֮⣬бʳԴǲοһ¡


77 з
, û»䡣ԴӸּңһο԰ǿѵصϢ͸¶ȥ֮Ҳûܹ¡
ȫ񶼷Ҫѵˮϡ
ˮ￪꣬һ, 򵥵һˮϵͳʱȡˮȻ᷽öࡣ
Ŀѵ, úܣʱɽµĺٶ졣
ϣڻû緹֮ǰһųͷȥӱˮ
Ƚ, Ժڣߴʱ仹, ࿪һ, ̫ٻȥ緹
ţвһ, һرĴ󶴡
ŵеĻҪ࣬ʱûڸֶڳ
Щȥʰʰޣܵһ̲ˡ
߿һ£ֶһˮûر⡣
һԣˮ, ˵ŵˮ, 벻ߡ
ʲô£ߣֻҪ, ĵĵˡ
˳Ŷ·һֱڹȥ, û뵽ԽԽ, ڵʱ򣬾Ȼһĥ̴Ķ
һֻз
ߵһۿʱ򣬻ΪԼˣǳԾ۾
ȿڶ۵ʱȷԼû
зԴ󣬴ʱһ
һʼΪзСĵóͷһֻзȲʱŷз³˵ݡ
ֻзû
ڶߣ
ȻڳһֻߵĴз
ĿɿڴؿֻзһŵĴǯӣֻˣһر
ôһͲ˾
Ͼ͹ˣѵүصֻзӲͣ
ﲶ˴㣬ʲôϺŪûз
Ϊ̫ˮ̫ûзֵط档
û뵽УзôõھӣûǵӰ
߿ֻз
зһ
С˫֣סзĺ󱳣û֮ǰıŵظ˱ĸӡ
ôзҪǱһ£㲻ָᱻжϡ
һֻзǾ˵еڶֻ
߹˲ϿˮˣűźѲ
ź˺һξ룬ַһʶĶ
һýͷ
ͷڵúܿ죬ڳһ֮һҲ˿ͬһֻ˯ðз
һ죬˵зĺ󱳣ӽ˱
зɱϱӳĴբзҪö࣬Ҳǿ׳ࡣ
¿зѺܣصشӱ޶һЩݲݣųţֻз
ȴзվڳһࡣ
ȥյľ飬һװ
߽ڳĴ
źӼȥҵ
˼ףܿҵĿꡣ
ֻ̫ãҵĶǿյģ֪зʳⱾһз
ǵĸ
ĸҲһ޴Ķųͷ˰죬ûڵף絹˹
ԶͿ࣬һرΣȲʣأȥԷϰҲû㡣
磬ҽҵĺö
ʲôöŽɵ߹ȥ𱳿ĸһҲˣôôзĿǵöӲ
ţ۶ʺţǣ
㲻ֶ֪ŴζҲر٣ҲرҧҪʳﹻĻҶ
߿磬ֿзǰһôз
Ϳֱӳ԰ôԣ
һӣأҧ
ҧöҧҧʯ飬ⲻ̫࣬ðҲͼ⣬Ҷԡϲ
ϲ
˵ʱǺüζзѣΪ̫鷳ץץ
û뵽Ⱥ£оĶڳ飬Ƿֵзпз𣿡
ǵûСжһ£ıзСһȦСֻȭͷ󡣡
ﻹһ㡣
һ˵һճͷ
һŽڵףջڶﶬߵз
һҵֻз
ЩзһֻһֻĹ࣬СӦҲһҡ
㹻ǳһˡ
ʰñ𣬡ߣȻȥ緹
Ǹˣ滹һҧĹ⣬͵ˡ
˳зӲ͡
з࣬ץֳԡ
һصңȲذľ裬Ĳݺз򵥽ݴһɣѻڶ״̬зʵʵȻŸòϸϴˢзǡ
ЩзǷǳӲзŵĩ˺ܼ⣬ϻӲ͹𣬰ϴˢʱǳСġ
֣ûá
ЩзҲ֪ûʲô棬ҪǲСĻ־鷳ˡ
ʹ磬磬ҰǸʯϴҪʯз
ﲻչչϴɾѽ
չ̫С¡ͷҲû̧ϴʯϴкͽ
ôзýеȥȡ
߹ЦʣҺ㰢ʲô
ǸҲæϴдУ㿴˾ʲôʱһз
ָ߽ӵתͬƮȥ
ԭûзһ£ôˣҲڴ
ʯܿϴˡ
߽רüӵʯȻϴɾзϣ¸ϽУ
ѾǶ죬Ҳ֪ЩзûзƣΪ˱øϣззƲŲ
ûнͺʹףרը˴󽴣ϴн⣬ǿ䵱ͺзס
æʱңˣ߽һ۾ͿʯĴз
߸뵵ˮôзŲζɡ
ңϣϲ԰װҲз
һЦû£Ǽӱϡ
εзƵʱȽϳ
׼ˣʯзٺ죬Ʈзе
һԳˡ
Ҥţȥ˳з
ī
зʮֹ̣īһ˫ͭƤǣɾͰֻзֱ
صػطԼĵ˳ԡ
˵ţֻз䣬ۼ°зİȴǯһ
ãʱû꼰ӷֺ
۾һǲֻȣóӣ
ȻǣȳӺȡ߽£зĺǣʹ˳̵
ңԱ߿е죬ùϵзҡ
ң޳ָзǣƺһͽзıǸ
߹˲ϳæͷһ
ֻзôãȻʣһ˵ٺзƣѩ׵зҲ㱥
ˣæңнӹз³ȥ࣬Ȼзз⣬Ǹ˹Ƿһ֡
ȸ˾ˡ
ƣУ죬˾ûôóˡ
߽ззݣÿﶼһСݡ
Լзз⣬ȿտڳһڡ
ззǻڻڸзģз⾹Ȼе㵯
ֱ֡
зһ㶼ûΪѷɫ
߼ӳ꣬۾һֻз
ңԱֻ߽зĿЭһ
߼򵥵вܳԵĲֺ󣬰зݸ
ٰз⡢зƷֵÿ
ܿ죬ÿ˶õһззơ
߶ೢ֮󣬸оտڳзе塣
Юһззƣպպϡ
κպϵззƷǳֵպպϵззζηḻͣȫ塣
߳һз⡢зƣԹˣſճ̼зȵͱ
зպպϣζҲһ
߳껹δзóԣ֪ȻỹܲڵҪڵĻǻԿз
Ӧҿԣ֪иطзرࡣ


78 
緹, Űߺңһȥз
ûȥӱߣǴǵεһƬ
ɣӾȻз, ûط
|˵ӹͺͺģзɶˡ
зˮ𣿡
ңƬûˮ, ǿˮڣ¶
ͷԣ˾ӦҲ֪, Ӿͽз֡
߼˶ô˵ĻɲһЩ
ǿųͷҵһз, óͷһ, ֪ȷʵûжϴ
ǳʪ󣬿Ϊˮ, ࣬ͷһȥڳ̵ˮӡ
԰߾ȣǿһз
˾˵Ƚ
ҲҹзûжõӾ
ʱ֮, 󲿷¶ڱ, ˵ŵʲôζ֪ܺطһ㶫
߿а, ԼżҲҪһá
ңûȴ, վԭ, ܣָһ򣬡ߡ
ϡ̳һϣԾԾԵңֵǸ
Ǻܿͷһ޴з
߹ʹᶴڣжϳз𣿡
ֻŵˮζζʲôûų
ңƶܣС
߶û˵ųͷʼڡ
һһͷӶڹȥ
֮£ٶȷǳ죬ʮ֮ǾͿһֻ˯Ĵз
ﻹЩˮзſˮӹ࣬һ
һֻõؽзץӵȥһֻ
ңߡ
Ǻܿҵ˼з
ңǺú󣬰ߺͰһзڣңԼһ
ңһжٶȻԿ켸֣ȰǸ罫зץ
ﴩ󣬰ߺܿ췢ﲻֹз
Բۣô󣡡߿ڿĿڹĴ󳤳棬Ƥ񶼿ˣ㣬߰ɣ
Աһļ򣬡£ûƬ
߶ϸŷֿ淭ڱƸȻûƬ
оԼеʿˮԱߵİץҲץ
Ϣ飬ֱߴ磬ⶫֲҧˣʲô
ҿ״Ļţӵȥ
㳤಻ôɰͷȴִַʡ
Ҳ֪ǲΪص͵֬
߶࿴ۣģȻôɰζ϶ˣȻԺúĥһҪôԡ
Ǽзңڣ˱һһһ׼
һٶƽ׵ĵطǾڳֻз
߿ʼʱ򣬻ƨƨߵжڣֶҪǲö֡
ЩͷԽСļһһ
Ϊ˸ɸѡǺڵзһֻһֻ˶
зһգܿзĻʲôز
ĴһﶼʲôӣѾôãһ㶼顣
ֵ׸Ŀ֡
ǼҪڴзЩҲҪŹϻȥʱһǳ
ǻз𣿡
϶Ҫ첻ззݳһأ
˿ػųͷ˳ſˮչĲȣͷӵøоˡ
ңô죬ͷȴӵúܿ졣
չ磬˵ıװˡ
ߴ˴ֱۣˣؼҡԺڡ
ôõĻеˡ
ǽ磬Ȼ㰡
û⣬϶һ㣬ҶûԹںò
أ
˾ˣз
߳ԹܶغƷϺ򺣬ڣȴǵһγз
ҪϱӴҶûôݳޣзⶫ˺úƷٲãբзˣзеܼӵĳԷ
ȴ˲ôˡ
ˢɾзϸãңƿǣӣԼࡣ
зಢЩϸ֦ĩںһֻз涼Ƿʺзз࣬ûпʼϹ߸оˮѾƲסҪεδˡ
˴УôʯأȻӰŨϸطŵÿһֻзı棬ʼϹ
ζǳԵзȴû
վڹߣ׾ٵطֱߵζ
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ٴ˴顣
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ȻҧĹҵһз棬һȫţз涼кõĴĩ
ʯˮոʯַͽȥСĽڻȻյðݡ
̫һʲôȱľװ̵Ҩһõ˴ĩз档
ͽзϣ̶ȵؼззƵζ
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߽»ʯк磬з˳ȥûУʼˡ
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ȥзңԽ֣ý㼹ǻֻ⡣
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ڵرʣڸҲرãۣǷĴóԵĶ
ٷӻƻԵҹ֭īϺպųԵˡ
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űǵݮȻ컹ȥзɣ֪ﻹС
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ϸһ, ֻ, ֻѼСóӦþ͹ˡ
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˴, ԭ, ץӦñȽס
˵ò׼, Ȼ, Ǻ͸ְѼɨøɸɾ
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Ҥۣ˺֭ܿ
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߿ʣµͷ˵Զһ㣬ֵĲ˺ʳȽ϶࣬㹻ιǡ
ڣûιͷҲû̫𡣾ǲ֪ǴõҲûôô
ûش˾˿϶ܴǵĹϵҪͷû⡣
һ˳粵ңʲôϵ
Բ۾ЩãȻʲôϵǵĹϵͦõ𣿡
û¡ԴǹȥѼɡ
ǼҵѼ״̬ûôã̫ˣͷëһ
߹ЩѼʳι٣ûôι⣬ιһЩݣֲôݡ
Ѽӵĳһ£ѼҲֻǹǼܴûʲô⣬ϸϸһëµĹͷƺ˵㡣
ЩѼѼרŲ
û뵽û٣ǷԽԽݡ
ϧôʳ
һֻֻѼȥüͷ
ɫԣʵôǲ̫ˣҪôɱɣǸ֮ǰ˵򶼻ԣЩѼֵȥ
룬һѱǸǲ
Ǽιţ롣
ɽܲǺܺʵص㣬ϾЩѼԭɽϪԱȽϸ
뻻صѼ
ʣ뻻ȥ
зô߿磬ϴβ˵зǱ컹ˮ𣿡
ǰʱǵö࣬ʱǵ٣ҪˮĻ˾ûа취ȥˡѼˮһܣǿץѼ
ʲôϵץλץ
ԼмƽƽīķмɾͲһˡ
ʵڲеĻиѡ
ңҪץʲôضãֱӸȥһץɡ
зֵҲ࣬طӦùӡ
˵˵ţͻȻҲ˵æһ£ôˣ
ȡû£˵ץû⣬ǿ԰Ѽȥ
ȻѾˣǾͰѼȥֻǵһ¡
ֹڣܻҪľƬΧ
зôΧѼ˷һɢʲôҲ
ҪΧĻôĵطҪ٣һеæ
ЦͿڲе𣿿ҲǺ鷳
ȥŲﻹûʽʼ֯ȥɼԡ׮ӲÿЩӲľͷͿˣÿľ
ģǶ֪
Դоһ굽ͷǼұ˼Ҷ˺ö
ʲôϵҲ˼Ҷ˺öóԵģϳԵзưӣ˼ҾûСˣ˵зưӣ㲻˾͵㰡
ⲻǰûȰˣȥ͡
治Ƕң
ֻǣе㲻֪ôΪѵңദ
ټң⼸ҪѲأæ˱üû档
ûżңȥɽ￳ʱ⿴ң
־ڲԶңӰ󣬰߽ŵúëҪˡ
һңѹô⣬Ѳȥ𣿡
ѲˣصץʱѲ꣬㡣ң̧ͷ֣Ҫôôûң
ʿˮ͵ҿȽææ
˵ֲ꣬Ǽĸ׳еѣġ
ң۾ǵĵ⣬Щ£ԽҰæ
еƲסҪннУ´һ㡣
˵Ҳǹⲻ㣬ֻǾǺò̸̸ɶܲÿνɻ
⡣㵽ԱЪţ
ǸҼ˿ɾڸ㿳Ļһῴ
ʲôϵǰֲûһɹȥɣһվϢᣬ
ôûϵǰ̹̹顣
ʵңԱϢΪ
һۣң˵߿ȥԱ߿
ңס֣ҡ
ߵԲ۾ѹүǣ᲻̫ˣ
ңһǺ֮ǰʲô𣿡
֣㿴ңҿ㡣
ңǳְ벽á
뵽Ȼ˵ңһ죬Աߵ˻ۣһ߿㲻ܹԱϢнţһϢڡ
ң۾Ц⣬ûйϢȻҿ֦Ҷ
ߴΧΧ
׮ӣ֦γߣΧ׮ϣҪֿ
߸оǿԣͷӦˡ
ǰֻŮɻۣںңһ𣬷дɻҲۡ
˸ɻЧʴ
˸ɳĻīɳĻҪࡣ
ֻһ죬˾Ϳ㹻
һ˰Ūз
Ƭƽʱû˹ҪȦѼҲŵ˭ȻΪ˱ȥ峤¡
ûʲôֻҪΣյĶС
ǵΧûΧãȥԺͲɼͷ̽·˵ĶˣֲҲˣԳȥԲɼ
֪Ϣ˵òУڼ˿һ죬Ȳȥ
īҲƵ뷨
Ǿȥʣµ㶨
˿ΧΧò࣬ûƴǣʣµĻɰɡ
߲һˣңÿ춼æ
ָֻ֮Ĭڡ
һ㽫ΧΧϣңĬԱ߸ɻˣֲ
Ҳûٴԣټ졣ȥɼˣ
һķʷʲݺ;²ˣȷʵԵˡߵ˵ûʲôرֲ̲Ϳϣ͹Ѽʳ
ƽʱûע⣬Ҫ֣ǿȥҹ忴
аǵˡ
һΧһ顣
ȷû˻ȣѼ˹
ѼӵĽŰһϣץֱӷɹ
һ·Ѽŵá¸¡У˲ë
רżѼӳϵë
ѼʵܷɣֻǷɲ̫Զ
ѼӷߣһѼӳëһЩֳˣ컹һΡ
ңһ飬Щ̫ˣҪҪԵһµġ
ʱáȷţ֪ܲһ㡣ȷȳԵһֹѼĸѼ
ǼѼȺѾʮֻֻѼ
Ѽһֻ͹ˣҪǲģֻû⡣
ֻǶԳԵ
߰ѼӾǷŽΧ˾Ѽһз֣Ѿ˳ĳ򣬻
Ƭзֱ֮ǰȻһЩѼǺܿ˵Ѳأ¸½ţ飬ȥʱʱЩССԡ
Щϲ
󹦸ɡ֣׼ǾͿȥҹˡ
ң֣š
ʵ̫ϰ֣һûѵ˵Լֻ˳ȥûʲô£һȥ
ȴˣȥѲ顣
ѲҲȫѲ𣿡
ţһΣҪѲϸһЩÿ䶼ҪѲ鵽
ǡε·̻رԶ
ұ㡣
߿ƽı飬̲סЦ
ǵȷѾңıĹϵ֮ǰңţҲȫԼɡ
Ƿмɣˣ֮ǰһأû֮ǰñڷҪ
㱳ңһᷢ֡
һԶԶܿǣɵ֮ϡ
κεñȽϴ
οԷɵǧ׵ĸ߿գڸԭʱ΢ĸԭӦ
λΣܵĸ߶ȶޣ
߷еʱ򣬾ûɵ̫ߡ
ɸˣ׺ѣ
˻ᣬ˰֮ϣʲô
Ը⡣ɽۣ֮֮壬֮ȥҶԴȥ
ͣͣͣ㻹˾ˣЦҪȥЩطļ˾ְλҲˣһ첻ڵļ˾ʲôü˾
ǿոСͽܣѼ˾֮λ
ҪĽɽ˰
Ҫ
߸оԼҲʲôУȴ˵շ̡
仰ֺˣԼ̵Ķ䣬ôô̸ľ裿


81 첥
һ, ůˡ
ſϢԸоûôҲûô䡣
¶ûлܴĵزȷȷʵʵ˴졣
ǼҽҪСˮ
ˮٵһ, ˵, ȷȷʵʵů˲֡
С
ǶѾؿ˳, ˷ʡ
Ȼһ£ЩطЩᣬ
Щܴһÿ緹ǰʹԲɼ󶼻ᵽæ
ңҲÿæ
տʼʱò, ֹ˺üҲûܳɹֹң֮֮ˡ
߶⻹Ǹ˵, ңǼҺ, ʱջ, һݡ
ڶ˵֮Աǣ㻹˵˾˶ֲܸȤ, ÿȡ顣
˵ҲûһǼŪʲôû˾һݣ
, ĳֲһΪǺϻʳô
Ĳһ, Ҿöһ
̧ͷ۵, ܽӶȥˣھ͵ȷѿ߰, Ȼؼҡ
עת, Ϳԣ𣿡
Ļ᣿ǰûֹ, һԡҪѿ, İ취翪ʲôģŪˮ
ſ࣬Ӧûꡣ
¶ã
꣬Ҫ죿¶Ҳ֪ȥʼ˾˱ȽϿ졣
Ǿ͵磬Ȼȥȥһˡ
Ѿιˣȥȸʲô
ǻпӣҳǰȥܷܲѿ
߶Ѿֹһοݣ²ߣݳòôãеϡϡ
ǿˣǵĳƲиơ
ߴʣȥһ֣ǳïܵ㣬Ҳöջһ֡
£ҲȰֻ󺰣ȻԷ
߻ӻ֣ʾԼ֪ˣ㽫һѣӽѸٱɴˡ
ѿֱִʵһ㱡ëûСء
ëҪˣŪ˲ϡϣ˴⡣
ϴξͱòУβʱصע⣬Сġ
һСģٶȾͱ߲ڣĲҲûܲꡣ
Ҫι򣬰źϲһֱɽͷ
·Լҵ
СҲǽŲ֣ΪĻĵزͬûꡣ
߲ûгΪũҵ󻧵Ĵ㣬ûðȥ׼ĥɷۺԡ
ǰƻúúõģŲ߹ԼҵũŻûأļȻһ
ݺСǳ񣬶Ǻ̱Ƶֲ
Ǹȱ㡣
ݲߣ֣ȴ࣬Ƚᡣ
СӶ̣󣬵ζãܴ
Ѷ߽ȡŵȴȱ㣬ô
ԽԽ뷨ӽһ»ô
ѱҰֲķʽ֮һӽ
ϱǵСҲӽѱģֱǸӽѡһҪ
Ŀԡ
ʧˣҲ˷һӺ;ѡ
ͣ˲ֵ֣վԭ˺ܾãԽԽÿС
գʣµĿһؼ
ҿĿӵû˵ʲôֻΪûܰѲֲꡣ
û뵽ڶ죬ҳߣҪġ
ˣ֮ǰ˵ǿĻĵعôҪģ
ǵôĵҲһƤ
뵽ģ;ᡣ
Ըȥ˲ɼһ£Ҳڼˡ
ͷҲû̧뿪ĵسСͿݡ
㲻𣿡
֮ǰǷֿ֣Ҫ֡
ֵö಻ࣿҪǲĻˮֲˣˮûȥһֵ㣬ȱֲˡ
ССԡ
߽ͷŽҪȥοһĵسԭԶһ㡣
Ϊʲô֮ǰʱ˵ðѻĵŪһ𣬷ʡժ˶Ҫȥ
ΪݺС̫ܰȻǻᴮ
ݺСӽķգܰһ
ȻеС󶼿ܱͳڵݵĻۣС󲻹
ôһС󣬰߿ɲеС󶼱ɡ󡱡
һãȻ
߳ӻ֣Ȱǻ֮ȳԷǴԲɼ
֪ˣҪҪ˾˵ķ
ԭܾתһ룬ʲôҲ³ˣαΣ
ңҪæһϣܲûóԡ
뵽ߵͷ緹ⰡȽϲ⡣
֪ˡ
ԼũΣ׼·¿ġ
ˣ̳
Ӳݹľ죬һ㣬ҲʪһЩȽϺڣ߸оͶ쿪Ǹס
ߴȰѵϵĲݸˡ
ЩݿԷŽȻȥι
ݣľȵùͺͺûϰˣͿʯӡӵĵؾ㿪ˡ
ͷɣһ붼ûɵͶ¾޴Ӱ
̧ͷһȻңˡ
ң֣ң£滹׵ʱֱӱΣϡ
ôҪģ
ѿݺӻһأܲܵõһּݲһ߲һֲ
У
ϱӵľּΣһЩУ
ѳͷңڵء
ֱ߲Ӱѳͷ׸ȻҪҪȥԻѲأ
ȥҲԣȰؿ
ǵȻӺͿݣһؼҳԷȻһţ
±㰢ˣ
ǲڼҡ
ңüֵͷɻȥˡ
ܸоһζ
˭̸صرżҳһ
߸оеȡ
˺ٶȺܿ죬ټϰ߱ҲöĻĵء
ǾͰѻĵؿˣ߿ϻϺõӣ߰ɣǻȥԷ˵Ҳ꣬ٽˮ
ȷʵ꣬µò󡣡
ûϵţëϸܰʪͿԡ
ţëʲô
һСţĶë֮ǰ˵궬ȥԶһĵطܷܲµĶҪĶţˡ
Ƕȥ
˼粢żȥԷ
Ϊ·̫̣ƽʱ˵ʱ̫٣᲻ñֱý߻ȥ
緹˷ȥѲߣ˳ɼһЩʳ
죬ǵг̶ˡ
紺ʱڣֲһһ糤ǵʳｫԽԽʢɼɴ
죬һȥ˵Ѳӡ
շɳԼڵɽͷƿ
תͷһֻңԶ׺ں档
߾һ
ǶҪһܼ֪ңôô磿
Ϊ˷˵˸ɴ䵽ϣΡ
ʣôô磬´𣿡
ûҡܸ
߶еȣһֲôһʱ䡣
ң֣Ҳ
㹻ˡԲۣǵʲô
һһ뿴ԼҵͣһƬѹѹĶоͷƤˡ
ɣԲۣȺʳ磡
Ѿȥ˼졣
ֵʱرһ㱡³ӺӳԵû뵽ûö죬ѭζˡ
߸о÷ζըˣһ·һӣԭرһֻ
ңڱͼ͵سȺ֮С
ౣ
״̬İ߸սһڡ
ֻæ˷ɢȥɢó档
߼Ƥ񶼿ˣˣȺУһһֻ͵
ңɵĴϣž޴ĳ͵Եȵϡ
ЩһֱǵʳϣȻȽϻǳԵ񵰸࣬񷴶Ƚٻá
߼ңȵȥϣռ
ңû׷Ⱥߴ롣
߼񵽴񣬻ЩҲ̫ˣȻ˹һǡ
ȥܲʱ򣬺ûô񣿡
ܲҶӵζãҺʹҰһ֡
߲鿴أֵºöСӱСĳˣУ취
Ȱ˵ģ˹
ֻˡߵʵڲУһ¡
׾÷š
ߺңȥ
һЩ⡣
Щë̫࣬Ӱë鷳ɴƤһȥͷצֻʳ⡣
ͷצԷŵ㡣
ЩУ󲿷ζͼֻ࣬һЩ
߸ɴཫϣȻŵҤ￾
úóˢۣȻٷŽȥֱӰ⿾ɣȻ͵һܷôڹ
ܷźܾãܵˣܵʳԣʲôʱʲôʱܵ油һ¡
ʱ򣬰ߺңò˼ˡ
ΪЩصڵһë
߾ͲţŲȺ


82 
˵, ϸ˲ڵ硣
Ӻܿʹˡ
ӳڵһͬһƬʵë̺
, ϣЩٹһ, õոʱ򡣡
ңʳ, ֻǱȽ١
һʱһʱ, Ȳõʱ˵, ʱ仹, ȥѲ, 
ȥӥĵط⼸Ȱӥ塢Ѳ꣬ȥ
û⣬ҵӦ㹻ҷɡ
ȥӥ塣
ǰûٹӥ, ӥ, ˶ӥı仯|С
Զľ, һ۾ͿӥİĶ񱼡
ౣ߸æңһ, ʾǰ档
ӥûɫĴͶ
ңӦһ滺ýš
˺Ⱥɣٿ
ȷɽˣ߲ŷȺôô񡪡ʨӣ
ȵȣ
ʨӡ
Ǽǣ
΢ɽһ, ϳ˵µĶ
ľȻѣ
ʮƣ˾Ŵʨûʲô飬ʨôӥأ
ң¡
æϣ״ǿ϶Ҫȥʸ
ǰļҲ˿еİߺң
ͷ, Ǻһ
, ̬Ⱥº, Ǵк˼߲Ӧûʲô⡣
ȴкպͻЩ
ңŰأΣǣ
Ŵпգܻܲǽӥصʱ򣬾ӥˣ˵Թ
ңͷ
δжԣʨ˹ȷʵʲô¡
ңҺһȥ
ðЦЦδɺͶӹ֪ӥвȤ
ǣ߰ɡ
ߵʨ屳ϵı𣬡ǻСʨӹ
ԭԹԴڱСʨ⻰׷צӰű⣬ӱðͷԲ۾ϸϸس߽С
СʨӽеСè߸оԼе
ߣʨˡ
ε·ȽϺߣǳ档
ͦõġ߿磬ֿСʨӣЦЦ߰ɣȥӥ˵
ӥɣʨ죬һ˵ִӥ岿ʱӥѾյϢ
ɽӥ˳ӭӣңͰߣʵ˾ˣôˣ
ң˵Ѳӵʱ򿴼ʨ壬ѯʺ֪Ҫǣ˳һ
ɽӥ˽ȥ
һӥ岿мС㳡¡
ӥ廹רŶ˳ˮд
СʨеӥˣҲڣһֻֻ׷׼ȱߣߣë
ߣСʨϻµĺʵëСϵëҸб
ߣʨӵַãһֻֻСʨȱ߹๾ţܿ죬ȺèɵһƬ
ľϣ̸
ϵԣ˽Ķԣƫӥ塣
ӥʨϵòҲԡ
뻻ʱɽӥܾȴһСȫӡ
ƺԤϵ뿴һеĽ
ʨ֮ǰ͵͵ЩȥǵĽͼӹȦʯԭ̬
߷ֿʯ÷ӥԼҵĿʮֱƽʱ˰أʨ˸ҿߣ˵͵ʯ
ʨȻӴʯһ壬Ϊ峤ļʯʲô֪
ɽӥûӦֻЩڽǴġ
ʨ˿ˣӥͰѿʯ˻ȥ
ֻǿһۣʨҲ˲ɡ
˫̸лڼ
ֱӴ̸Ľǿ⡣
ӥʨڲϢ
ΪӥȽϽŹǷ׼ȥ
ʱס˰ߣߣǿԸȥҿҽķ𣿡
ʶңһۡ
ң
ߴʨ廻ӺͿݣһӡ󻹿ԣԥƬ̣ͷԡǼҷӲ󣬿ûطס
΢ЦûϵҰԸһҲԡ
ߵ¶Ұ⣬Ƿдʨˣ峤˵
ЦЦǸɣ֪ط𣿡
֪ǾܷɣȻǾ͵ˣ̫Զ
˫̸ף߿ë׵СʨӣЩᡣ
ߣ|ˬˣ´ߣë׵СʨӣܾҪﶬȥʨ塣
ظ֪Цʣǿ԰СʨһǼ档
ߵĻ࣬ȻԣǲĻ
СʨǻСèˡ
̲סߣһֻСʨһѡ
ɽӥǵر߽硣
Ǻܿ˼ңǶڼҡ
ʨں档
߸˵ǸʨҪǼ͡
īңûв죬ÿ͵˵ѽˣ
ĸ˼ֻСʨӡ
Ӵ˿ɲ٣ǵö׼һʳ
߼ҹﻹ֮ǰ׼õ⸬صøʢŵϣСʨĥ档
ɲ˸ɣǾ͵ɲ˲ܳˡ
ʨ˵͵
ֻݵĴʨӱֻԲСʨӹܵ˰һ˵һ»ӭ
䰶һСʨӣ۾ˡ
м⣬û뵽ֵôϲʨ̣ЦǵСʨӱȽϵƤܱȽ̰棬зִ硣
ûϵ棬ǰɣ
Ȼ
ЦŽСʨø磬Լңʨ˲ι۷ӡ
ǼҵķʯͷǶ˴鲣
Ƭîṹÿһֵʨ˿ܾá
֮ǰ̹ǽӣϸҲʱش
ʨǻķǷܴڣȿҵķӣ㳹ţһ
ĸʨվڰߵķƤľֿͷ񣬿ǽϹŵװθɻ֦۶̾
ߣķÿ
󲿷װƷҸʰģϲڹ߲̫ãǿһΡ
ǾͲˡ
ߴʨ˳ȥָչʾҤʯ
Ҥ⣬Чһ
ʨһ·ųȦһֱûܺϡ
Զ³ˡ
һҰƬص˵ҧζʨֱ治Ĳ˵ʲôζ
СǳϲˬۻƬһֱڡ˻˻
صصˮǰǾĻԷŵˮһٳԣֻСʨԸҲԸԼ򻯰Ƭ
߲ǳ̫࣬ǳԵòˣǻĲˡ
СʨһԵöԲŵó֮ͱʳ
Ϊһʱ֮ȥŵʱ򣬻ʱʱСצȥĨԼ졣
߿ÿЦã־ý
߷û꣬ӵϢ¸˹ʨ˵Ȼȥס
»ǵһζϻ˫оͦ棬ָ˵ؽ˲Ϣ
´ʨȥϢ
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˫պѺá
ϴʱ򻹺ң˵û뵽ʨôͺչ˺
ûʲôͻĻ˵ǼӮ£Ϊʲô
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Ӧò̫ԶѾָ·ߣ߳
˵ҲǡˣҰ
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ûʲô˵ģȼ峤зִ硣
ң˵ô˵ڶǺˡ
ʱ򣬰߻û𴲡
û߼ˣֻվڰߴǰһĲ
ȫû뵽ô磬컹û͸æ˼Ƥ£Ьܳô磬䲻䣿һ
䡣ʨ˻û
ô磿סڲʱҪ˴һккٹôҲõ͸ˡ
˸ɴ಻˯·ŹǷȥˮ
ңԱߣ
ںȵˮǰ׿ˮÿһΣҰȻˮԴҪȫöࡣ
ˮȽϷϲ̣һ˻Ǽ
ǰˮպã緹ã߼ҵ½½Ҳˡ
ҿңѾֲ֣˸к㰲Ȼظæ
ʨӭųⱼ
һдǣٴδǲι˷ӡ
ʣ˵ǰ˵֪ܲܿһôֵģ
û뵽⡣
ǼҳԸֲʲôܣ˲䶼ֻ֪ǴҶ̫Ȥ
߿ңûзԵ˼ˬȻԣǵȻҪȥ￴뿴Ļһ
ûӣ극ʹȥ
ǼҵֳЩ罡׳̣Ұöࡣ
ôһõһμʨ˱𺳡
ĵˡ
ÿݲݡëľɵĵˣ߻Ե滭۾ӺѪڡ
Ѫ͵Ѫڸ֮󣬱ðЩҲǺܻˡ
ᵽ͸оһƣĵˣﶼãرҰ񣬼ÿ춼ᱻҰԵһЩ硣
ǿӣĶϿڻʣӦþǽ类ҰԵġ
ʨ˶һֻǡ
һָߣ񲻸Ǳ߸ԶһЩѾҰˡ
ЩҰͰ߼ҶǶ£Ѿôǡ
°ĵһһˣҲûЧá
Сʨǿεı飬ֿԼ峤
ֻСʨ|ߣ£ȥ񣡡
Сʨӷ׷׵ͷʾͬ⡣
߿ЩСͲһر棬ô죬ǿɱûǸ񣬷ŪӰ
Сʨߺߡ
ŲᣬѾʼѧϰˡ
ǣ㲻ҪСǡ
峤ȥ𣿡
ңԱ˵ȥȥɡ
߿ңһۡ
Сʨǵõ׿ϣһ˲ΣҪȥ
ңעһЩûߣǷͺϵë
Сʨǡءţ֫ãɿ˳ȥ
С
ЩСʨֻˣǱȽϲһ㣬û뵽ң˼
߿ңײɰ㣿
ңûףһؿСʨǷӡ
ҲСʨӡ
ЩСʨŲշתŤԲӣҪôſڵСǰҪô߸ȥץ
ʨҲűСʨӡ
иʨκСʨǺúץ񣬱һֻûץʱͶˡ
СʨǶǺϸ֡
ǳֱնһգһǵƮŸɫëһûϡ
ʨЩؿߣô
ǳĿһȴ뵽˱ĵطȥ
ʨûĿֻӿŽ
ңԱṴһ°ߵ֣ʵʲô
롪ߴս࣬˵𣿡
ţ
Ҫôǣ--һֶ
߶˶٣ѹøͣ˵ѵһֶǿô
ңʨ뵽ֶ
Ȼ
ңһûʲôȻǡ


83 С
ֻĵغң˵һ, һƤҲûʨ˲ܽԼҵСʨӸץ
̶ϡʳ, Ҫˡ
ΪԼǲôᡣ
ֻʼ, 峤û˵һֽСǡĶ, һ֫ŵ, ͱȽϳ, βͣëǡءһֶ
룬ܾеϤ, ļҲǲ
һ£ҪǵõֶϢ֪ͨһ𣿡
Ȼû⡣˴ȭͷ, Ҫֶֱץֻ͹
˫ش˹ʶ
ʨ˺ܿͻȥˡ
ЩСʨӻе, ǵ, ཱུȫ⡣˵Ͼûô⡣
ޱͬڣʵ̫ˡ
ֵпһ, æȥˡ
Ұ˶ʱ򣬲ܵɼ
ߺңѲӡ
Ѳӵ;УҪǿʲôóԵҰ, ײʲô, Ҳͣɼʹԡ
߷ǳϲ۵Ұˡ
ͷһҰðʱ
ʵҰ˿ڸˬ, ûʲôζ֦ͷҲͼСʱ
ЩҰ˵򵥣ֻҪһͣһ鱡Σ쳴ܰζԽ
²ôϲ˵ңͷҰˣܳһ̡
ҪĲѲ
ΪǿһѲӣÿ䶼ҪѲλѲӵٶȲ죬ɵҲܵ͡
ңһֻСӣܿһ
ţңתͷһʾ䵽ȥ
Щơ
ͷ۲죬һСɽͷðˣľҲѿСɽͷԵø
֮⣬
¼ûгɹ̫ҲûкóԵҰˡ
߲²͸ңȥʲô
صΣһߴƤӣһ߲ʵҪʲôʲôûа
Ϊ֧ԼжϣصɨһȦϸѰŵĶ
ʲôûҵ
ңУڲݴ档
ôΣݴʲô
˵Ŷ֦Ӳݡ
ǳɼڲȷݴʲô֮ǰͨùȲĲݿ
ֱȥ˻ᱻŵĳҧ
ֲݣ̵Ĳ¶һǰɫ
ж
ߵԲ۾æݲø
ܿͷֲݴȻһƬЩĢӺȾȼȾʺ
ⲻкôһƬһ䣬䣬䡭һʮ߶䣡
תͷң̾ѣЩⲻصôʵôֵģ
Ҷҡʱ򣬿˵¶İɫڣֲݵ³ӦþǾ
̫ˣ𶯣Ҳ־ľɷḻˡ
СӣЩСⲻĸ˶ȡ̶ȵؽоߡ
˶ʮ߶Ѿ˵ľص˼ðͷСû˻ȥ
Щ´ʱֻҪڶˣܿٴջһⲻ
߸߸˵ذоŵȥҿܲܶһЩͳԾˡ
ԵĻ϶ҵ
ˣߣٴγŹκһ䣡
ңƬ죬˵ҪҾ
һ죬ǹȻҵָľУЩζȽϺõࡣ
Ǹһӭųض顣
ӭǣһǵı;ˣǲ˵ȥѲôôרȥɹûһࡣ
ǣ˾Գ֣ܲض𣿡ߵļ磬ϳⲻԣϴ
ϴϴϴҲˡ
ҰóԣȽϴܴɳʹĿ֦Ҷһͺͷۡ
ɰһĿڴңһںӱϴΣϴ
ʣϴɾˣҪ̵ȥɹ𣿡
ɹϴ֮ЩˣɹζҲ̫ԣҾͳ
ôࣿ𣬾ǷͰһҲԲɣûôˡ
㵱·ˡ
·ʲôֶ
ȻСϴУȻ극Ҿȥ
ʣµĽ𹽳극ٴѾȲƷⲻζˡ
־ȥԹһΣĺʱԵĸɻʱ˵Զʺóԡ
ЩʵʱܺóԵʲôز
ô𳴡
רŰԼҵʯúϴɾոˮ֣ȹͣȷŴжαζȻ󽫾ȥ𿪳
ȥ֮󣬴ܿͽˮֱƳɫĲ֭һŨζƮ˳
ζͰŹκβȵζͬŨˣ߸оԼ촹ˡ
жԣŲ⣬͸
ȳⲻֳһҰˡ
ʱڵҰ˺ܺóԣȳһҰڣˬζڿǻﱬ뵽ɽ¡
ҰˣɽϴƵĸоǳˬЩĿ
߳Ұ˺󣬲Ž
΢Ƶľе׺Ŵ̵ĴжΣʢںǳá
߼һⲻͽ
ֻ΢һ֪Ȼ鴫
ⲻۻʺ֭繴͵֭ȴû֭ôأֻھǳǳعһ㡣
֭˵ľʶ壬ζǳ־á
߻ûôζһڲ˾Ѿˣĵӿ޴ź޲һٳŪӵʲôζ
ʵüֱͷ¶ǡ
̫óˡ
ֱ˾ޣ
ӼûԹôóԵľ
ֺóӦòֻϲõ⣬һƷľѾЮߴ롣
߷֣īصط˿ӣЮҲֻЮжγԣ˶Щ
ңҲͣ˿ӣӼ̾졣
Щ˼æͣꡣ
һǶˣæͣ¿ӣһãһһ̾ʣֻмж֭š
һ֪ⲻȥһ㡣
ߣֻҪ㲻ϴ鷳С
ӡкóԵģʲôӣ
һس극
߽ɾʯ浹˴̳͡
ͺɾˮ֣ȥСը
ܿ챻ը֭ûܣõȾˮȫըɣʢ
ըŵʱ˰Ƚȥ
еⶼгⶡɵгһⶡ
ⶡ棬ⶡ˺һ㣬;԰롣
͵ļ֮£ζƮˡ
ϱη֣ûٷΡ
ңڵ°ջ𣬰ÿӼһ͵ߣûעߣߴ٣죬ζô
óԡҪʲô
ûʲôˣˮּɣʢһһŵҧĹ⣬ֿζǳȥѲӿԴһ·ϳԡ
Ҫʲô𣿡
ˣ̫ѱһ·˾㹻ˣʣµǿ·ϴԺͲɼŪʲôʲô
˵·ˣúһⲻǾǰҲЩóԣľҪóԣ
ϲֿζģ
ҧģ̼
һҧġ
ûҧҲóԣǸ
Ǿ͸һ롣ˣ˵ɣȥ˯ˡ
첻ȥϴˣ˾˺㡣
ôȥ˯
ȥʲôû
ߺңûüȥѲӣʨȹ
ʨֱҵǼڵɽͷ߻ǰſʨˡ
ǰŸպǼ棬˿ټǣгžȣôˣ
ǰ㲻峤ֶպҵˣ峤Ǹ͹
ʨ˸߿Ǳı
ߴ򿪱ĸӣŷֻë׵ġСǣ
ֻСӦûûж̣۾ûëɣѩס
ߴ򿪸ӵĶǡ
Сצű𣬱﷢ˡӡ
ȥ𾪵صɴ۾ôҵģôС̣
峤ȥ˵󣬲˰һ£ҵĵط˵˼ҵֻ̡
ǵĸס
ҵģҵǵĸףȾǵζӦҲᱻɡ
ᱧһֻСһ
СһëܳʵӺСڰϣ͸һ
СһҲˣָ׶צӣŰߵͼվ

ֻСĶӺܱһƺ
ĶЩɱӦöͦʱ䡣
ȥһֻСǣһֻСǵҲһ
æȥ˽ϼ̳ʢιСǡ
Һ̲Ǽ˷֣ϰ̻֮߰󣬴һԡ
ҪȻ̺ˣСǿ϶ûԡ
߰ٺС֮ʮָпضʨ˵̫ллˡһ£û뵽ôá
ûϵ峤˵ԶѣΪ£㲻ʲô
йϵġһʲô
峤˵ã㲻ҪǶֻһͻȥˡ
ȵȣô극˯һߡ
ҲȰڼԷɣôԶһˣԾͻȥǵ
Ǿǡߵ⼸ǻܵʳȽ϶࣬ǺúϢһ£һٴ͡
߶ʨ˵꣬īȥ˾˵ʨѴСǹˣһд
īͷ
ңܿˣҲлרŴСǹ
߽߾ܵһٷʢķдǳ˶ϯ
Ϊʨˣ֮󣬰Լס¡
óͰʱ˯һ䷿ʨ˯ķ䡣
ڶ죬صʰ˲ٸɻһ·ľ͸ǡ
뿪ʱ򣬰߻ͳԶ
ʨ뿪󣬰߶ң˵Ҳ̫ʵˣֻô򵥵˵һ䣬û뵽صȥСǹ
һˬȼţԺеǱǵĻᡣ
ֻˡһ뵽£ǾЩҶǾûôͷΡ
ңŰߵϣ΢΢סļ򣬡ô࣬Ը⽻ѣǼ¡
ֻˡ
鷳Ѿˣֻȼ顣
ߡȥСѳЩСǸ񡣡
񣬡ֻ֪Сѵѵó˵ͨԣӦò̫⡣
ԣôСʼҲУ˵·вͨ
ܲУǷԣϱӵͬѵˣѵ廨ŵĹȮ
ߺңũһڷ絲ʱ򣬰ֻС͵ӦϵʱٰǴؼǺͼദ
ôССһûҰԣҧˣÿͷ֮⣬ſڰӡ
ȰҪǡ
ǰû£صطɻزСˣ죬ڲɼʲôҲɣ͵ŸֻС档
ֻСǳеĦҮëûĦҮ񣬱ûĦҮ
ǵĿɰ̶Ҳʮֳֻ꣬ʵĶ䡣
߼ÿ춼ҪߣǵĶʮ飬ߣɷɻȻö䵯ÿ춼ˣִ˲ƣ
ΪСʵ̫ɰ˲ңѡ
죬ңԳѲӡ
ڼСǡ
ֻСһ쳤ĳһʱȺ۾
Сǵ۾ɫѩеĺ
ƺѰͰϳ˸ףһ㶼û޵׺ݣÿǽźӡ
ǵСһʯͷϲˣÿ춼ƽˤ飬Ǹ
ߴȥũʾθȵӡ
ѧúõֻСдԣѧòõֻСûˡ
ֻСǷǳûѵ죬Ѿѧ˸
˵ǵĻʹСʱǾ棬ÿʮָˡ
㹻ľϣӵһ˩
|Сǲôְ취
ʱңҺ۾ûͱˣҪȻȺѧϰ㹻Ķѵ϶ûôס
һ˶ֻСʮģÿǵũɻʱ򣬾ͰСǴÿɼְСǴȥ
Сǹ˹ɵġϰࡱ
ǵĲԼɻ߳СҷʳӣʱҲᱻǲ
ÿǲ񣬰߾͸ǼӲ͡
ôڣûƬط
峿ͰСǲڵʱҲôҷʳǵӡ
ҰʼܿƬط
ܿ죬߾ϲط֣СǻúöҰȤһлᶯĶȤ
гӵʱҲץӣɹʻͦߡ
ֻСǣɱĲ趼ʡˡ
ΨһȱֻСǳԵıȽ϶ࡣ
Сǵķ˳˵ķǼĸ׳ңһԱֻСû⡣
СǱСʡĶˣôǳȥҲòʺֻҪṩһͣȻǴȥһͺá
СҲðԶֻ֣СǰòУֶ岻ϡ
ֻСǣһһĸֻϷ磬ĸֻаѩ
Ǽ죬ӦãԭƻңһȥѲ
괺죬˲ĢҰˣ⻹ֻǸ䷢ֵģȥԶĵطǻҵмֵҰˡ
ѾȲ뿴ҵʲôµҰˡ
ңûôֹۣﳤĶ࣬еĶҲС
һЩǲûС˵ҲһҵʲôȥҲ˵ء
û뵽Լ˵ˣγȥҵһ㡰
ͨϵĶǲ֮͡
߿֮֮˶ˣû뵽γȻˡ̡
ǻͷëͺ˵ĺ̡


84 
λ̵ηǳ, ׸ߣס
߿, 뵽ԼҵѼ
λ̻ͷ, ëҶͺŻûѼ״̬á
߿λ̵ʱе΢
λ̸ղ⻬¬ֵĿ, ëL, ˲ϱΣͳһ󡰸¸¸¡
, ǼѼˡ
һ㶼ûףеЦ
ң, ˵, ȱΡ
¡λ̴ͷɥųӣǿϹŵĲƤ
߿λ̵Ĳ֪طλ̶ˡ
ǵ·֪ʲôʱ, һξ͵ù, ֲòұΡ
ңһ£ӱóõƤ, һһš
Ĭرȥ, λˡ
λű, ñΧԼ°
ε˸ɥ, ͷ, Χһƨݵ, ʮָͷ붯
ǳ, ô£·ʲôˣ˴͵Ұ޻Ǻĸû̸£
λУһЩλйһЩλ
ߵûСǳ岻ȴһ٣û˵ĻᣬֱӰǴǲķΧ
һĸ壿˲ĳ壿
˳ԭθ˵˵е˹ˮ֡
֮ǰͳ
Ƣձ𱬣ϲ⽻
ͼͳ廻ź顣
ΪλҲͳ廻ʲôû̸£ŭ˳壬ͻͶȥͬĿ⡣
ǣֵøˣǸĳ壬Ƕûͣܵ˹
Ҳߣȥʱ򻹺úõģ֪ǽ귢ʲô裿
ңǺ˽׵Σ
ûסڿ죬˵ûʲôмֵĶûͣ
ߣ
ֲλֻᰤᡣ
˵ȱۣȻң˼˾ֱ˲ûʲôмֵĶ
˵ǲᣬ˭᣿
ңɫȻЩȻͻ޹أȻȥɣҪ˵ھ
æ춼ôˣһҹȫһЩ
ЦǸҲ̫ϲİһסˣǵı첻㣬֪Ƿѱ컹ǣ
һʶֳסı죬̧ͷϰЦЦ飬ϵı鶼ЩҲס
ͱ˹һ£ʾ˵Щʲô
ڨڨǶˣ뿪ҲûбĵطȥҪȻһ
ң컹ûкڣǿϷһ·Ҫߡ
ȥĶȥҪȥĻ԰һʣΪʲôǽͻȻ𣿡
ңǲ˵˲ûʲôмֵĶҪ뿪˲𣿻Ұʣ
æ֣ǲǣصشôԶĵطɹȥ廻顣˵Ƚ٣ǲŲͣû˼ǿ԰æʵĻǵȼҲûϵ
ҲŽͣǾǲ˵ûʲôۡ㿴Ҫǻ˵Ͳᱻһˣ˵ǰɣ
ңȻǻҪ˵ôϣ´ҲΪ˲˵ûȻ·ɡ
ȻҲˣܿԼҾˡ˾ˣ
Ǹ
ңǿ˺һһͷ
ظı飬ң˸
ʣ˶ãƽʱЩʲô
ҪǸطЩڱƽƽ棬ŵĵطͺܻӭ
磿ܿǴĶ˵Ҷˡ
Щ̫⣬ĥĥ䣬ûд𻰡
ңһۡ
һңɫתļæŵǰͿһ°ЩҲ
߿ôĵԽ档
쳤ӡ
򿪱𣬴óɫĹӣӰ˵óһЩëƷʯľƷ
Щ̣ǿŷǳ»ɡ
߿һֽۣĿ䵽еɫϡ
⼸ɫӱȴͷǲΣһ
ΪĳطеˮɫĹһ𣿡
ǹӣֲľ顣
ţֱ壬ֲﾥ飬ҿ
˫ֱž飬һۡ
ԥ־ֻ飬Ķ
ЦҾͿһǿҪǻ
ԥŰľݸ
һӹɷľ죬⻬ıƤͼصˣⲻǷŴ
ŵӵţȻŵһɺܵζ
ƻʵ
ˣֿǴڵ
ֱͦܣôãҲҵ⼸ܸǡ˻ң
ٿⶫֵ°ɣһջü
ֹ˭˵ǣҲôͳ˵˭֪˵ȥҲûã˵ƭӡ
ѵֵ£ƣԼֹ𣿡
ûֹǶҰڵģ˵ȷʵ֡
ߣ˭
־塣
ǳô£Ϊʲô˵ƭӣ
֪
߶ĸȤô죿˲ԸǻҪȥ
һۣˡ
Ƭ̣죬ҪִԲ飬飬ǾͰЩ鱳ȥ
ĥһ£Ǻͳ˻һ顣
һʮš
ôࣿҲԸ⣿
ƭǸʲôֲǲʶˡ
ĵؿһۣĵⲻǾñƭˣһ
룬ˣûƭˣ־Ǻö
߿ң
еĶŪô¡
һ۵Ķн뷨
ңȥ֪ˡȥʱ˳һˡ
ߣ᲻ᵢ󣿡
죬ʲô¡
ʹҪȥ壬ǻȥ𣿡
ԥ
ߣѾһٳû֣Ӧòڶ١ģѵŪзʲô£
˵ҲеǺһˡ
һЦԷϢ
˫ȻһӪأ㲻ѡ
֮ǰ̻ԲѷҲûǵԼ˵˼
ңȥԣֻСޣƤȥβ
óн⣬Сĵط˺Щӣýҧõ֭ͿСȫʱŵչš
Ƶʱŵľһ߿һתˢ͡
һ⴫Ũζ߼ˢˢϣƬʢңһһ鿪ԡ
ۣ֭ζҲ㡣
֮£ڻϿŵԽԵӲֲȣеĵطѾպˣЩط죬˼ֱ޷졣
ƵƵߣҲûз˼
С죬˵Ҫء
߶⣬ǲֻҪ飬ÿ뻻ʮִԲ飿û顣
ҪǳΪѣ˵Ͳôࣿ
ߺЦΪѾˣһӪظǣ˵ĵط㡣
һҭǵȻѡѣЩʲô
طˡ⴫ҪҲԣ
ô֭ҪǵľŶôǻ
ǵȻֲֹ̣Ҳ̡Ƚ궬пˣҲȥҵ
ûôңҲ˺þòҵ
ҼΣҵ˵ԺǻҪǻ
ܣ
߳ԱˣǶ졣
ңʣµԲߣϢ
һ|ҹȻֻһѣľȴͬ
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ԥóȻ߹ȥ᲻ǵŭ𣿡
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ãȻô˵βǴµľµľʳٳһΣû⣬֪ˡ
󾪣УǴԶѾ뻻飬ôܰ׸ǳԣ
ޣƭӣ
˷׷ŭĿӣҪ̹ǵأ
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߶һǰ
˷ʣȻ˾ô̵İǿǲǡ
С죬϶Ūĸ衣
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˰ҵȵ˺ܾãûģڳԡ
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ߺ棬ͬĵطֲͬǳеĶֲˣǿȥҲҲڱĵط֣ͱȽѳ
صض˶٣ʱó˼
׵ͷȷʵô˵ǣֻǻȫòϵĶ
Զ˿
Ȼû꣬һɨǣǵ⣬Ҳòõϣ顣
⻰ˣ˵
ߵҲпֻǷѿñȽѿ˾жҲ﾿֣ܲǸȤٻһԣ
ǰ˵ǸСڱ󿪿ڣǲŲԣѾϹһصˣϵڶ 
ԡǲḻúܣòҪԼȥ
߿
С֣飬ʲô
ֵ˵̲ʲôöǰ˵ǻ⸱
ŭδȥж¼ȷʵǴ˾޴Ӱ
漰ˣ߲Ȱ
׵ǲ־ˣҲӴ̣ǿסǲ䣬Ǵȥ
ңͷ⡣ȷʵҪ־飬ȴǻظأпپۡ
´졣
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ңֻҹ뿪أص塣
ҵʵӪأӪʱѾ°ҹ
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صǵķкһԡ
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˹룬óһСһɥ˵ͻȥˣллŪĹ̡͸㣬Եټˡ
ƣΪʲôһҪ飬ĲҲö
СеĶĲҲУôԶһЩĲҲеĶȥ㲻˵˻۵ð
߼βʲôãҿҲûʲôð
Сʨ£һƬƽ̹ĵط۾ˣǷǳϲ飬鼸ԻκζǴ㻻飬ȥﻻȻԼĲ䡣
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ĥɷۣͿϻԽ
廰˾峤ϲ飬Ǽʱ򣬻Ὣ鹩񡣡
׷ʣҪһϲĲ䣿
ûвϲĲ䣿ĲϲҲҪȥͱĲ任Уǵضţȥﶼǳ㡣
̲סңһۡ
ԽôԽȡ˻ҵĵλ
ǲû顣
ǲȻһӣʵôԺӰûнӴĿܡ
УҪȡִԲ飬Ҳ̫ˡ
Сɳһ˿ۣǿᶪ
ʣҪʲôģܸҿ𣿡
ӱһƤͳԲ飬
СĽӹ
ָͷ󣬷ǳԲӨף׻͹𣬿
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֮⣬б𣿡
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ңһۣСȷʵûʲôöҲûʲôջǸôԶæһҾͲԸˡ
Ȼ
Ĭһ˵ǰȷʵûʲôöԺͲһˡ
Ϊʲô
ǵſɣԺ˿϶
ǿԸٹһΡףˡ
֮⣬Ĳ뻻𣿱ѵ
߽ڽչʾǿ
ѾѵóˣûпŹҲ֪ѵĵϸ
ۿŰˢˢƬֽɶ࿴˼ۡ
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˸ƣܳԡ
ӵϼһԥһ£ббضľĿȥ
¿ߵĵûô
ôһѾѲˡ
¶̾ɫеĵȥؿ
˫ֻأûôõĵɣĸôһѵ

ǲѵȥ϶Ҳܻ١ֻҪȥضҼΣγҲʮʮ
ĻûڱĲôõĵʯͷһЩġ
ģ˱䣬ûƭǣѹ۰ɣ
Ѿˣôƭѣʯͷʱӱ߾СֻӲ֪ôŪôĵĲĵûôҲûôÿ
üͷĻǲģ
ˣƭʲôôĺѵãֻʯͷĻһ㻻ǰ
߿ȥ˵ı鶼αģҵǻһЩʯͷˡ
С
ԡǻԳȥѼ飬ǻ
ļٵģòҲƭǰɣ
ƭʲôôΪǰһˣҪǳȥ˵ƭˣһ廹ҪҪˣ
ǺðɣǽûգҪʵĻǿһˡ
ߵǽĺöѾô࣬ĺö϶࣬һ˾Բڡ
˵ƶֹ̻̣ôǻ˵
Ҳ̣Ҫ̵Ļ϶Ǻϸ񣬲һҪ黻
ĶУĲУǳ֮ǰѾӦˣһỻȥ
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˯֮ǰĥҪôܻ
ҪʳƷĳЩʱԾûʲôҪ
ȻһôһֲĹгʲô£粻СıСǲˣ߱ӳԵˣˣԼˣʱˮһա
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һҹΣڶ̫ϸҲûѡ
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ûü۾ңĴƵ۾ǰ棬Сۡ
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û뵽һۣǰվŸİˡ
˵İҲ׵ߺй֮Եɽ峤ôˣ
Ѳߣ˼˾ڣ
æɿң֣е㷢ȡ
ɽң˵ǰѲȫˣ˾˿
˵ţһƤӣʢŴССӣ顣
ЩеĺԲеҲģеĺܰ׾е΢΢ơ
Ҳ֪ôһ˶á
𺳣Ǵô
ȸãǿ취
ԱС˵Ҫʮ͹ˣ鲻߲ԲҪţòôࡣ
ɽֱӰѴӵݸԼ
ңֿɽʾ⡣
ңɣҪ
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ιĿľǻ飬ۿѾ͵ǰˣȻǰЩӣǻǲŹ
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áɽˬʵЩҲûã£Ǿٺòˡ


85 
Щ, Ѿ˵ľмʮʷ
óЩҲɽͷ˵ôɡ
ижҲ˵, ֻ֣˵պұضЩ黹ǡ
ɽЦ, 㿴ǷôҲûõ֪ˡ
صͷлл, Ҽˡ
Ķô, 
ȥˡ
ߺңѲӡ
ʹ, ô죿ڻȥ
ͷЦҪȥҵİ¡˵ûȥ, ʽΪ¡
Щ⣬ϲ
лл, ԺҲˣԵټ
뵽λĹֱִڿ, ľûʲôǰ;, Ҳãȥú
µֻ̣һҪģ´ʱ򣬾͸
ȵ, ǻ죿
ȻаϻǻǸģֻβ, ˵̫Զ, 㡣
ߣ
ϱ, Ҳ飬ûгô࣬ͬһҲûôࡣ
ߺ˲ٹƬ½¡
Ȼ˵˵춼ˡ

֪ԭ˴½Ȼôû˵ôࡣ
Щս
ңͣԺҴȥɵ½ͷҲС
ãߵǶٶ
˵Ҫǵϱߣ氡ʱһǺúùһ䡣
⻰ҿɼˡ
˫ֱ
ֱӻȥߺңѲӡ
е񶼱סˣ̵ѲӵУЩĲɡ
˼죬ò׵ңռƻеĵطѲ꣬˻صҡ
æòݵŵСó
һ·ϽúܺãƤûƣҲûзѿļ
òݰţСıȥҡ
ұȽůͣȽ׷ѿ
һȥѲӾȥ졣
ǻʱ۵ҰѾ˼
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ԭͲϲҰˣҰˣǸժ
ѾһʷʲݣҰҲûԼ죬Ÿճ˸ζ˾ûˣＫΪϧ
ȥ˵㶹ӳůˣǷ㶹ѿ԰ɡ
ʣѿʲô
Ƕӵѿ
ҪȻڳ
ҲУһŵϲݣˮжѿˣڿ
ǼҵĶҲʣ̫࣬ʢ˿ʣµĶӣֵ˰ȥ
ǶԲˣٵȥҲԡ
ͷҲ̧ǲУԲҲҪһ㡣
ԲҲûʲô㿴ϷͰѩһ˶ԣǻ
ϷͰѩڳſţǵ֣ѩͷءһϷҲϡ
ܿ죬߾Ǻࡣ
߿ֻһȦİӣ·ǵʱָ̧ǵһ£ѵֻϰߣ
ֻСǸˣڼС
εؿһۣûۡ
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ѾӵˣҪǣҲ²ȥ֡
һһſǰצϣ﷢ӡʵڶס
Ǹһһ衣
Ψһҵľǣ˵Ǻ񳤲̫ҲޣצӻȽ϶ۣΨһе㹥Եľǿ
ֻҪֿסǵĲӣǿû֮أ֤𲻳ʲô
ֻҪܵסֻ̣ʣµ߾һֻ۱һֻۡ
С̱ǼҰæ׽񣬳һͳһ㡣
ѿúܿ죬ðСѿ
߸оһҾͿϴɾ¹
ôûԶѿ߻е
죬԰˵磬⼸ɼʱҪǷĻҴóԵŪˮƬ
а׽ȫӳˣÿʱѡ
߳Ĵָ
㶼ҰĽ㣬ζǳϸۣζΨһȱСͷе࣬гƬĻȱҲ㲻ʲôȱˡ
߸ɾʮصų㡣
û뵽ʱ򣬿ڣһ˷ܵسܹߣҸʲôö
߿һۡ
ıˮ߲£׽˺ܶ
ǣٲ£
㻹ʲôǸòźɣ
Ҳǣٲ£
Ҳ²ˣʾ

򿪸ӡ
̽ͷû뵽һССİװ
һذˣⲻ̫ˣֻһ롣
˭ذˣǣذͦóԵģҵĿĲǲ˸˵ǴӰģ쿴û飡
Ӽ˷ܵе㷢졣
΢ɲ̾һҪôõãͲС䡱顣
οϴǼѾԹһΰװǴεİװͷҲ࣬ûɵõóֵ飬ɵ͸ˡ
û뵽һ㣬ֻһߴٰ߸Ͽ򿪰ǡ
߿ֵ飬һתƻװһҸóԵġ
ʲôóԵģ⳴ѿ
УζȽȣѿζȽϵ߳һ̫ʡ⳴˻ԡҸĺóԵġ


86 ֲ
ûܸʲôóԵ, ô˵תƻ⡣
԰װʵִţעת󣬺ܿתˡ
԰˵, Щװ
˵治һó飬Ҫû, ɱʧ
, ôװ, ǵڲǸز
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Űװȥӱ, һһѵʰװ
һͱһֹûС
ҲûС
ôôû飿
˵Žžһӣ̾˿
Ѿд, ҲֻʣСװ
̾, Ա߷ŵõǰ, ⲻмţ
ƳǼ˶ٵС飬ǴͷɥЩܽ飿ӻࡣ
СҲ, յˡʣôװ, ˵أ
ںӱ߽ʣµİװ, һʮһ飬Ҳ̶, Сĸ֥, òֵࡣ
, ϴ⣬֮вλϴˡ
ȻûоûС
Ҳôʮһš
ļ򣬡߰ɣȥ㳴ԡ
Ѿϴӣʺˡ
ȻȥҰЩǶﲻá
ҺһֱӶغС
ϸ˵غˮṩϢռ䣬һֺ¡
˽ϵİǼһӡ
滹һЩ⣬еճ֣ϣ˸о̫
æźˮúϴ˸֡
ϴϴ־ˡ
Ա߲ԣʲôأ
İװǲرࣿ
УԵĻٸ𡣡
ǲҲر󣿡
ӻ㲻󣿲ǣ㾿˵ʲôô̫ס
Һ֪ҪôŪˣ
ȭ֣˷ܲѣҾ˵ʲôôһ£ҾȻû뵽
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ôŪȥǵ͵
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ֻ̱һءԴȡ
ߴ⣬һֻһ飬ζ
߽Ӷ˽ҳҰкҧʯֵͣسһ̡
ҧζǺһӷõǡ
ջİܲˣܳȥһڳ߳߳ˡ
һֻܵǺζ
һؼҾߵĸ
߲裬żĸҲƽʱĸܲһźء
פһЦʣ췢ʲôϲˣôôˣ
״˵Ҫ飡
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ܣ𣬡뷨̫ˣ
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ƶܼ򵥣ǶೢԼξŪˡ
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ϰ뷨ң˵һ飬ңͬʡ
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Ҹ̵װ
ȥɳӰɡôԶ·Ҳһȥ
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ʱγɵʵ󲿷ֶ̫Բ
ײԲôҲԲ
Ϊ˵õִԲ飬һѡԲˡ
ɳʵԷӶ࣬ԲɳӣҪһϸµɸѡ
ڶ죬ߺңҵһµɳ̲
ϴȥڽǿɳ̲Уɳ̲̫ˣû취Ϊˡ
ǽҵɳ̲ɳҪһЩԲıȽ١
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߶ڵһо۶ˣҲˡ
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ľ򵥺ܶ࣬ľͷɱһƬԵĥܸİУ̫ѡ
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Щ˵İװһ鿴Ұοû£ϱӣרҵũ鱴ʱɹҲﵽٷ֮٣ǻרҵĹߺҩʲôûС
ң߶˼װһ߸š
ߵһ
Ȼ˵ܻʮ֮һͦãʵõһ㣬ǵڶ㡣
ڶô࣬ô죬죬϶Ҳƽ
߻ûףʣܵõ顣
ңһŵİװװǲǽȥɳ˳
һɣҿ
ϸ۲˺һ㿪ڴɳҲ˵ɳ³ˣ˵ʳʱнȥɳأ
ûɳӣЩɳġ
ңǿɳ߿
ɳӵԣ߾Ҳˡ
ɳ³ˣϱũʱô죿
߲а
ɴùһ˵İװõʿ
װʿ׹۲ˡ
ߺܿ췢֣һӣʲôҲûУɳѾӰ١
ɵۣˣô
ǲǵطûŶԣ
ܰ㿴ȡʱ򣬴ҲǴȡ
ǻʲôԭ򣿡
԰ʲôԭ
߿˼죬ѵΪֻǵ⣬ûϣ
²һַ񶨵ˡ
ֲÿũҽпܽ黮ַϡ
ҪҲ̫ˣҳɱҲߡ
ǵϱ鱴Ҳͼ鵽ʮһ
ңǶ᲻һ㣿
УԲǶ
컹̵װȥ
̣һβоΣβΣҾͲţװ꣬о
죬߶Ūİװ
ڶ췢װڵ϶һᣬȰװһٷŵˮװĿǾͻŵø󣬸
ʱһ촦İװѾȫˣڶ촦İװҲֻŸ
о⣬űǵƬʵԷɳӣֻˣװƵɳҲס
װŵٽŽˮסװĻΧ˹ͶιҶ
죬߳ɳӺ󣬴һװǲ㱡ĤȡһС飬ɳֻװĲλ
ϡǵϱЩũƵĲž͸ֲƤһ
ĳɹˡ
ȥ۲ʱ򣬷ֻİװȻжʮ
߼ظĶ
ʮ죬ÿһ춼дװ
봦ǧװʮ
ʮֱǱ
ߵҲİǷŵȥˣڸ
ڡԱ˵֮ǰ˵ڸźһˡ
ڸЩװ죬Ųȥ
⼸æ˿
ȥҳͷʱ򣬲ȻæȥһǣƿǵƤĴ
Ȼķѿˣ
𾪵һʱԴհףһᣬеس溰磡ҵѿˣ
ģ˵رѷѿ𣿡
Сؽһ
رѿҲرࡣ
һشֺѿСצӣ߼һȻʮߴѿ
ȱŸһСģҲ˺ķѿˡѿöడ
£ǶӣǶร
ô죿ҪЩȥ𣿡
֣߽֡Żرһ£ҿţȥм˾
м˾˸˾˻ûֵء
Ҹһ£ûʲôر뷨
ң档
Զ˳ɹŤŤģƽⶼܱ֤
ңЩģס
׵ʱֱӱΡ
䣬䵽ϵʱ򣬻ˤһ£˽š
ңֱƽ⡣
ȴûע⵽ϸڣ˷ܵץңֱۣѿˣȥ
ڷѿˣ
ǰرףҴͰϡ
֪֪ô֣
΢ƽЩ̫ⲻ󣬼ȻѾѿˣ˵ˡ
룬ֲǰʱǰѷѿгɼ飬ûҹһ£Ȼֵ
ûֹǿƵ
ĳЩʳ¼Ƭĸʳĵֲ˽⡣
ҲƵ
ңͷСҪֵ
ֵСڣϷͰѩţñСˡôⳤòˣѴεͿ
ҿԡʩ𣿡
ˡոοҪңԸŪһʣҲܰ


87 Ҷ
߽ڵñɿ⻹, صӵȣܶȺĸ߶ȣŽȥ
ȥӸÿӽ˰ˮ
Ͱס
һû, һβɡ
ôС, Ա, 𣿡
ǳڡ˫۶, ͷҲ̧, ҪˣԺ㿾ԡ

гŵҤ￾쿾һǳǳĽƤ, Ȼϡζ棬һϺóԶˡ
ཡһ¿ˮ, òܳɰ
ĸ£ʱ򣬿϶ڡ
ҪôãһֻһΣ
δأҪ
ֵ˵Żߡ
̫, ñ
û뵽ûߵңԶԶиİˣɽǻ
һ£ʾǰ档
һ, ͡
˭
, Ѿʿ, 峤һ, 㲻ʶ
ģ
ǡȻȥ, ҵȻ
߲, ûֻ̽һͷˡ
ɽʱ򣬻ԶԶվǸǰ˵
˿ǳš
߸յһᣬͻˡ
ߺ棬磬ʲô°
ԼҺһμӰڡ
ǰڡ
ƣڲǸգҪôμӣ
ǽգҲнʱ˭һ𳪣ʱ˭֣İں˭һ棬ЩҪǰźá
ȵȡͻȻӦǲԼμӰڣ˵кøУһ𣿡
ЦЦش
߻عζײһ£ѹԣ磬ϲ㣬أûϲˣ
˵ôż
Ǿûˡ
ĥƬ̣ϲˣһҪһμӰ𣿡
һ㶼ϲ˲μӰڣ˾֪㡣
ʵһ棿
棿˼
죬Ұʮ
һûӦ
ߵһ֪ԭôܻӭ
𺳡
ڵβݣε棬ͷͻȻƮһӰ
û̧ͷ֪ǲңҲҵκһˡ
¶죬˳Ӱķȥ
һߴ׳ˡ
˿ЦЦ¶һڴȴĪЩн
䡣߳ɵռг˵֣á
ߡ俪żɽҵڵͬ𣿡
û뵽СӾȻס
һȻв|뷨
ʶغһ¶ı顣
ˣеί
߿Էḻı鱳ڨڨط֣޴ŵץһ¡
ߣԲǸϲˡ
䶢ţģҹ۲ܾˣȫͱһ㣬Ҫǲϲҡ
նģ
˵꣬߱ǸؿһۣûҪѡ
俴ȥ񱻱ɹҶӣòС
߿վҲûʲô˼βݣ˵һҪǰȥ
ѾˣڷӦһ󺰣Ҳֱʽ֮ǰҶ㣡
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׺󣬵ڶ죬̶һڣĸ˸߱ס
߶ܼᶨظǣԼϲˡ
죬ʵڲڼɴңһȥԡ
ңԣɼ
ٴʱڣҰȻûôۣȴˣֻҪģȥȱ˳ԡ
һֱ˼ţҪô˸׵ң
ˣǵĸҪҪ
ֻʲô
Ӱ飬ңһֻС¹Ĳɣôˣ
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ңһĺӣң˵ôֱ׳
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㡣ĢҰˡ顢ҰֻҪܳԵľС죬ҲûʲôóԵġ
ңŲһ٣벻ˣ
ʲôˣʷʲѾˡ
°߲ʳͬһ߲ˣ˺ü£ҲòУڿʷʲݾе㱥ˡ
ңǡ
ǷʷʲʲôާˣǿˣҰ˶Ѿ˰ɣ̫ˣˮҲС
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ʲôûҶӻɫĲˣ˰
һҶ
ȵȣ㲻ǲˣҪصشȥɣ
żһΡ߰ɣȥɽ
ң˵ĿǰڵĵطȽԶǻñηɹȥ
߿صӣԽ档
˷˺һᣬŵط
ң˵ˣȻȪĸ
ÿϹȪֻҪһ·Ƶ
أ߾棬·ߣҶ֪ﻹҰˡ
ЩҰе࣬ҲôȱʳҪôǲ
зζ
̫ɽˡ
ڻɽУĵطȫһɽסûյùɽ󣬴˻
˽ֻȴůġ
ɽȫǻɽûɽ·
ЩҶЩš
·ϣضСץס·ߵӲݻľһһߣܱ֤ˤӡ
ң·ηŵңϣһп̧ͷܵľɫ
Ҫߵ·̲
һңȷĿ꣬ŰߵһľǰֹľҶӡ

߿ֵµĹľоЩϤ
û̫⡣
ʵϣĺܶľòࡣ
ЩƵֲȴֻͬƾоֲһΣյ¡
ϸ۲ֵµĹľʵֻʳҶӣ
ǰֻʳҶӣѾܶû˳ԣ֪ϲϲ
ֻҪܳԣҶϲ
߾һƬҶŵӵš
ҶһɺµζŲࡣ
Ҷһҧ
ҶȷʵеζжĿࡪжĿζеģֿζȴͦ¡
ܾﳢζһʱȴ벻
־һƬҶӣŵӵš
ң˵ˣժ˻ȥ
áһԷɣüûһԷˡٳԵˣҸ㿾¹ԡ
ǼҤǳ㡣
¹ƺú󣬷ŵʯԼһס֭ˮȻͬݡȥȲݡƬһȥҤۣڸзǳǡ
¹ֵˣǻĭУµҧ
·
ô죬Ұ½½ðˣԶһ㣬һ
һĶãֵ¶ɿ졣
ҶζˣʶһƬ
ϤԼһ¡
ȵȣ
ߺϤζʲôˡ
ôôҶ
һ٣ժҶӷŵǰٴι۲졣
ԲΡ
ҶϺ
࣬ظʣȴ𣬲ǲҶʲô
Ǻҵʲô˲Ķ
ʲô
ҶӣеϱӼĲҶ
ȷ
һûӦڶೢһᣬԽԽ񡣡
ϱкܶϲ
Ƕˮȡ
ң΢üͷͷеҶӣƺˮȵģ
֣߰ǡǲʵҶˮ֮ݡ
ңɣɲˮǲ
Ҳǡ
ͼ֯ԣԽԽ˵ݲ辿һʲôĹ̡
ɴǶժһȥҳ㿴֪ˡ
ңһƬɽ¶ǣӦùá
Ҳô࣬ҲпҲ´ˡϱӵĲڱȽůĵط߻ܣ볤ϱӼЩ
ɫˣժҶǸϸ»һ֣ȻǺ
ժСڳ֮ǰϻȥ
߻ȥȰ¹ϣȻôӽҶϴɾϣŵȥ
ԱȥҪҪŵٳԣҹƽ
ˡ
˿˰Ҷرѳԣһ껹Ƕ
˾˸ոҲô˵
ǵȻĻ˵ҶóԾƬĹ֪ͬ˵ĻժǻʲôҩӡҪʲô
Ȼˣˮźȡ
һ£ʵ벻⾿ôһڰ
죬㻹ɲء
æýŲմأ磬ҪпգȰϷͰѩιˣȥ
СǵԴһǡ
ֻСƺ֪˵ǣҡβ͡ӡС
ߵҵǲմëĲˣǡ
СǺκδëһżڻë
ǻëʱˮףܿˮƯë˵ط
һСǴԶһĵطȥι
СÿһʳһʳʳԴҲܶҶʵֳӣ⣬ӦоУʳ
һҲܲϲˡ
ÿι˵ʱǾͻӽֻ꣬¶ë޵ƨ|棬ֵ÷ǳܡ
߸ιҩһΪǵĳÿζӲ
ôȷϣ߷ֻСȷʵûйԣǼҵûйԡ
ΪֻСǴֵĵ׶ˣ
һĿںңһԺ
һīӰᵽԺֻҪ꣬ҾԺԷɽˮɫһԡ
ڵ̫߻Աߵյ͵ơ
ԴңһԷǼҾûȱá
ü룬˺üյ͵ƣһֵ
͵Ƶĵоɽ͵İƣûϱӽӴоգϸ׵á
ڼ˲䶼Ѿ͵ơ
ܴһ᲻÷ſã֮ǰڵϹҪöˡ
߼ҵСߡСþҲ˲ҷ׷Ч¡
̶һ꣬ҵˮƽߵú꣬ʮꡣ
ȳһڿ¹⣬ֳһڳУ˵˴Ҷ˵Ǿ仰ߵֱˣ
ʳҵձˣǼҵĵϺ͹߶ԽԽˣҲԽԽӦ֡
ʲôԭ򣬺óԾǺóԣҶԵ㡣
ɽͦ󣬳극ص÷ϴ֣ȥҶ
ҶѾˣ߰һ£ֲҶЩή
Ҷ̫ˣ΢һ࣬һͱӡ
߲ҵ飬ʯ׼衣
ңڵ°ջ
ǿһ֪ҪŪʲô̫ȤشŹǷȥ˯ˡ
Ͱߺң
ʯ²ϸϸȼš
߽Ҷֱøɾ󷭳
ҶЩ̣ȴû̵ܲ˵ĵزĵط
Ҷۿɼرɫɡ
߶ͷð˺ˮɾˡ
ң̵ֱ÷죬˵ˣԱָӡ
ãѾˡұһأûҪҲһء
Ավţ
ңֻ֣
ڳһϣҲǰӣֻ֪Ẓ́˳򶼲̫
뷨ֻҪЩҶɣװžУԼҺȣ̫
ҪģֻСһװѲҶ˶ż
ȵһҶ߽ϸĲҶŵǰϸ쿴ţȷϱӺȹĲҶ
ȻζζЩͬŲ
ңʣɹ𣿡
ųɹˣȥյˮݵ賢Ǿ֪ˡ
ҳǼרˮչޣһѻ𣬿ʼˮ
ˮյúܿ졣
רҳûù룬̣ȻһҶע뿪ˮ
ЩҶԲժֳƣɾúܣȫϴ衣
ֻһ飬㽫ݸң죬ŲûŨȳһڡ
˵ͼˮ촵ȻСһڡ
һڲˮһ죬߾ͳһɸʿζ㣬ȥƳ
۾ǲ裬ûҴ
ңȺȣҳٳ
㳴꣬Ũˣȫζˣ˺һȺҵġ
߶ԼĲ룬˸򣬴ңǰҴˣ쳢
ң۾ֶ̧룬ǳǳһڡ
߹۲ɫô
еҪúȡ
ǻǡȫϲȿĶֹǰҺȹҩ
ңûлش
ߵһô㶼ϲŨ˾͸ϲˡ
Уȥͦ
ֻûϰߣϰ߾ͻúúˡ
ǰҲ̫ϲȲ裬ͻȻȵ裬ͦ
һڽһڣ趼ˡ
ңʣµĲҶã߽̯˸ɾչȥ
ȻѾҵ˲ôǿֱӴӴɵ죬һ϶ȱȡ
߱ҶҲûôϸ
еŪ꣬𣬽ʯسϵǣѾ°ҹˡ
Ϊ˲裬һ㶼۷ȡ
ңϴһ½ŶԸһ£ıֻ֪ôȥȪϴ衣
ʱңѾʼˣ߻úܡ
߸оЩͻȻҶĸáʧߡ
òʧ߰ɣ
ȻصңɽƤӣģ׼˯ʱֻп˯š
˯ţѵûȥ
ߺʧߡ
ȫûµʱʧߡ
Ȼˡ
ؿŴһ˯⻹˭˽һȫûҹ
ڵڶϣһ㶼ú˯һ
ųȥһ̲סУ۾ô£
ʲôô£
һԼײˣôڳ


88 Ϻ
ûϱӼ֮ǰ, Сһ
С󶼴ڲһ۵Ƥ, ڣҲһҪȡ
ܵˮǰˮ׸һ¡
ȦûôǷ۾˵㣬ͣͦ۴ġ
̲סŽһ
Ա߱ŵüһʲô
ҵ۾ˣ
Բǲײˣ
ûײ
ֻǱ˵ذҹЩˮס
һ, ҪȻ񵰹
񵰹취ǰġ
ߵ, ûãû˯á
ѵ˯̫ٽȥ˯һ
˯š
ô죿ȥ˾￴
۾ˣҲȥ
Ҳ, Ҳɣȥ˯
һԵС, ԴǽͰ͡
һ, ڼţȥι, ȻᰢǾͻˡ
ǴϷѩȥˣ
, ˵Ȼ˳ժ˻
Ҹȥɡ
㲻û˯ã
ڲ, ҵûһ¡Ҫڼһ, Ƶ϶˯š
ɺܳ, һ, ջȥ
ֵűȥι
, ҵӸһЩ, ɱһЩ
һֻ, ֻֻĸֻС
ĸڲڡ
ôÿĹС
ֵֹ
ȥøɲιʱ򣬸оԼֶڷŲҲƮš
֪ǲû˯ãŶһᣬ󱳳˵亹
Ȱȥûɣֻôȥз֡
ǼҵѼҲһʮֻ
Ϊзɢʱ䲻ʱСѼƿǣҲСѼʲôߡ
úûСѼöͦ׳
ѼȺҪι̲֮ʳ
һǣѼȺ¸µų򣬳ǷɱʳļƸһ
߸أۼؿһֻѼƨ|һ
ѼĴúܣµĵܲˣһгԵıɱܹ̲ѼžߴһˤϣҲûˤơ
¸¸£
Ѽĳһȣһӡ
ǱضѼķ磬±ץ
ʳӵϣҲһˡ
ߣʲôѼӣǼ˳ϵëôôܷɣ
ɲߣҰǺ£ҰԵĻûô
죬Խ
ϸ۲ѼȺ״̬
ȺѼӵθںܺá
ȥ̲ͷͷӿݣÿһطǰ
ǵսǳǿ
ߺܿԼжϣѼӵܼȥˣǰѵȥ
Ƿˣ
ٷȥ𣬻ĳҲûôǿ
˵ֵĻаɣģǾͰѵȥ
ȻֻܹʮֻѼӣѼµµñȥڿ죬ƽÿһεǺܾûѼзܵѼҲࡣ
Ƭɭ󡢹ľͻĲݣһۿȥֲܷѼڸ䡣
˵ܺãŸ·ߣһͼС
Ǽ񵽵ĵУЩѾЩȡ
Ѽ񵽵ĵÿѼӵ¡
Ѽȥʳ֮ǰڷ
صؽЩĵŵһߣ磬ЩĵֳҪץʱꡣ
֪ЩѼر׻ǰɣ
šҲ֪ôÿ
պ֮ǰһѾ²ˣѼȥͿԳԾ²˳
ѼȼȣͼҲȼ㡣
뵽嵰ζʿˮ
ǵҵʱλѾˡ
Ǳô൰·ǲȥˣôô൰
ЩѼ˵Ѽ̫ˣٷȥ𣬸ɴȳԵ
Цˣʳô㣬˵⼸ʮֻ㷭һҲ𡣡
߲廰ǸûзƬضǷˣĻûط
ϾˮˣȴˮһǣͻµССϺǻбĶԡ
Ҫˮǵطˡ·СѼһëˡ
ûʲô֮ҩƷңҲơ
СѼпܻᲨѼȺ
ΪѼȺĽǻǲҪ̫̰ġ
ֻһ䣬ܿתߵĺȦϣߣ۾ôˣǲûϢã
ţеû˯šһֻܸɵ˯
ԭȰϢô˵ֻðȥ
ߣϳѼ²˺Ϳ¹⣿
У㳴Ĳ裿
һˣһһȡ
ü죬ٺȡ
ٺȥ⡣
ҲҸ˺ȡ
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Ĳͺܿࡣ
Ҳûôࡣ߲Ժ󣬻԰Ĳ衣
ֿĶܺú𣿡
ĵؿһۣ仰ö찡ÿγʳ֮ǰô˵ġ
ϸһ£ϳϣʲôʱô˵ˣÿµʳҶʾӭ˺ðɣ
߲ѼӲΪ˼ѼȥױҨˮϴɾ
ЩѼճ˸ָĶľࡣǵϴɾǲܽһҪȻڴѼʱ򣬺ܿȾĵҺ
⼸ѼֻеȣȻѾѼӷ
ЩѼлĵص裬һҪû⣬żӵȥ
һû⡣
߿һۣ
ڶҲû⡣
ְ
Ҳûʡȵȣôе㲻ԣ
ߵɴ۾Ѽ
Ѽĵرԡ
ܴԡ
ѼѾ̫ʡ
һѵƾɢˡ
ţζȽûʲôԡ
߳һ£ŵһߣ˸Ѽ档
εѼûɢ
Ѽһ裬߾ͷ˲ԣѼôƣ
װ׵ƣ
Ȼһ˫Ƶ
ô˵һѼӦҲһ˫ƵֻǱɢˣûô
԰
ΪһȽϲԵƵˣ߸оͦˡ
ܾ˫ƵּԤס
Ѽ
û뵽ѼҲ˫Ƶ
ѼĸѼ˫Ƶ
ˣǼҵѼ̫ԣ
ʹˡ
ʣʲôԣ
ǹ֪ˡҴôѼĸ˫Ƶ
˫Ƶʲô˲ˣ߹ף
ʲôһֻƣ
ϵģ㿪ʲôЦ
ûЦмǣмƣ
ˡ
ȥõǵԲϣߵԽӺɡ
߹˫Ƶ
ȥüѼҵǵٴһΡ
ԥתͷѼ
Ѽ
ֱϴɾֿ̧֮˸ѼѼ
һ˫Ƶ
ڶǡ
ĸǣ
Բͣ㻹ûЦôƵѼ
ǰ˵Ƶ񵰣һţû뵽Ȼġ
īҲչʴǵүү͸үү𣿡
˲ֻкϵ˲ŻᱻСүү
īһᣬˣ˵Сʱүү͸үүǲȥˣ
īͬһǵ˫̥
ˣҲ˫Ƶ
һ£ǲ˫Ƶ˫̥
˫̥Ѽӵ˫̥Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ߣзرʺѼĵһ
ף˵úҲǡ֮ǰĵǵƵ
īô˫ƵȻͼ˾˵һ˵
֪ߵӦⲻ󣬴֮ǰҲ˫Ƶ𣿡
ûʲô⣬˵һ˫ƵƵһԣ緹ջ𡣡
˫Ƶ˶һ֮⣬͵Ƶûκ
Ҳе
һ֮ζˡ
˫Ƶľ²˳һ˶ˮ
˫Ƶ㣬ɫҲƸÿ
ǡ
߿һ£ɫĵƤʹɫľ²ˣ߻ӳģһʳ
ʶؿ棬æ
׽ĶʣҪм˾
ֻʶһۣԺǸͷûˣôһ˵Щ졣
뿪ڷϡ
Ѿɤӳ⺰īȥɽ˾
ˣȥ
ûãȥĻ˻øȷ
ֱϡ
ңҲ˲裬֪ͦң˲֮оôû˯š
Ա߿÷ʲôҲû˵ЦЦðЩ߳ŭ
߽λһÿˣȥҤѻ𡣡
Ʊƣȥ
īǶܿ졣
߲Ÿ÷˾ʹɽˡ
ңצﻹŸͰ
Щ죬ӳ̽ͷ˾ˣ
㡣ңΣ·ͰҿСϪϺץ˼ֻϺ
Ϻһ±ȥǸϺ𣿡
ӦǡˣϪϺҲ࣬ȥװʱ򣬿ЩϺ̫󡣡
ǰѰװϪ
Ǽ죬ǾͲưװֻǴդðװһηΧڻ
ûʲô飬Ҳһ㣬ʱ˲ٰװ
ڸ忴һΣÿλܼ񵽲
߳ȥɼʱҪǿ˰װҲһЩĻװɳӺٷϪ
ˮİװ̴ֻͦ࣬ģСģ԰װıҲ
ߴ̵죬ˮ¸ˣʺ˹Ͳˡ
װʣװôûʲôİɣ
һֻûУǻʳ
Ǿ̫ˣȵȣϪդЩդǲǻϺж
Ҳû٣ǵդô衣
İװͷر󣬼ÿһƻ
ǴդʱҲر裬·ϺӰ츽̬صضЩա
˵Ӱ֮󣬲˿ͷȥϺ
ЩϺǵ͵ĺϺͷҲһָڳȫ͸ŵһۣǳƯ
һѡ
Ϻﵯ΢߿ЩϺϺʣҪȻ˳㳴Ϻ
Աһ㶣˲Ƕ˵ʲôǺûжˡ
ʲôҲãŵн
ߴһӣټһϺ
մСϪĺϺɾúܣϴôϴ
ˮ飬Աˮ֣Ȼ׼н⣬ʯȣϳ㣬ֱӽϺӽ͹
ЩϺһ͹̱ȫͨ죬һζƮ
ߴ쳴£֭ټ󽴣ȻϺʢ
΢ϺʢںǳƯҪŷǳ㡣
ҤѾӹһλˡ
ߴľӣҪһζƮ
㣡ߴƤף죬Գˣ
緹쳣ʢ
м峴Ϻ;²˳
ÿһ鿾¹⡣
ΪӪ⣬߻ص˵㶹
ĶˣòǺܺãûϵЩҶӺۣǸժ㶹Ҷ˳ԣζҲͦ
ص˸ӷŵϺȶֳһ̳Ϻζô
ÿҨһ׳Ϻ
ΪȷǷϲζÿĳϺࡣ
ⲻʲôѵõĶҲûǫãڰ߻ʱͬʱӽϺͽ
ԼҲһӡ
ЩϺͷǳС
ϱӳԹĴϺҪСöࡣ
ζȴǳ㣬ζʻ۵ú㡣
ЩϺʡۡ㣬ҧȥʱ򣬻оǣ־ʷǳۣϺһе
ޡ
ԭҰϺζֲϱӵʱҰϺôܻӭ
ЩϺͺܺóԣǣɴ쳴˽֭д󽴺Ͱ֭ζζηǳ
һǳʺ·Ĳˡ
Щϧû׷ҪȻܸõƷϺζ
ѩ׷Ҩһ׺Ϻ֭һ𵹽׷Ƚȡ
׷Ĺ׺ŽɫĴۺĺϺһӷȥ͵ζͺϺζ׷𣬿϶óԣ
гһ£̧ͷˣô
ǳóԣĴָԵͷҲ̧ҺϲϺζ
΢̧°ͣ˵䡣
ңҲϲ
˵ĻһӾͱȥˡ
תͷңңҲ˶ӡ
ӵһңϥǣϵɫϲĻǿԶһ㣬´λ
Ϊ仰ǶԼ˵ģԱͷðð֪ĺϺִֶ࣬ǽȥ̰ɡ
ţ
ģǰҲ̺ϺϺûж⣬ҶôϲԣһҪȴ˵ʱǲŻȥ̺Ϻ
һǺϺһ˵÷ɿ죬ʱĺϺʣ֪ϺôʣһؾһȥˡʳǴ˺ö갡


89 Ϻ
Ϻʵڴ, һ극붼˲ϴҪŰȥץϺ
ֱƨ˻, Ƕһ㡣
һϺҲܵ, ʲô
һȥ, һ㣡, ̫һɽЩϺͲˡ
˵
Ȼ֪ˡ
ߵ, һƣ˸Ƿߡ
ңû˿ǣ֣һǰ
һ, Ĳɣֻаʲô, ͷǰ塣
ҪȥĵطҲԶǳˮӵ֧
߹Ʒ˲Сʱ˾͵ˡ
߶ԸˮҲȽϤ֧, ǵһ֪ȻϺ
˵֧, ڿĵطףףһȽϺϸĴ, ˾û취վں㡣
ڰ˼, ĸм, ҪôϺ
ôĺ, Ǹ̰ӡ
˵ź, һխһĵطֱӰѿȥҨ
ɻ󣬡ҲУ
ôףе˼
߼ǵڵûзḻز
ǿԣ겻֪̫磬Ӧû̫⣬ȥ֪ˡ
ô࣬Ҳû취ֱÿҨɣزǶൽϺβ
У֪
߼֣ʶңѰ𰸡
ң룬Ҳ治ܣϵʯ̶пҨõ
ԶԶԣ˵ľ︽ȥ·ֵģϺʯ̶Ҫ
߰Űɡ
˼źǰߡ
ʵںѾȽ϶Ϻһۿȥܼβ
ˮȽվڰ߲̫ж
Ž׳ȥ
һˮеʱҪһʱܳˮ𱳿ʱССϺŵ֮ܳ⣬̵ССϺ
߿ſտҲʪǻı
¸¡ֵУ㻹ÿҵġ
˵ֱԭرΣץסķɡ
ڰΪѱȥʱץűֱӽˮȻץѸǰɣѸٷɹʮס
ˮŵء
ˮ屻סˮӱķ϶©ߡ
ץֱֱϷɡ
ˮ䵽ϣ屻˱
ɵӱߣĳ
µˮŵˮζ
չȥһֱССϺȥֱӽײסˡ
棿
¶ı顣
⣬㷨ԴģϦǶᣬ
˳˲𡣡
֪Ϊʲô˵ñ̾˰ɣ
֪ˣѧˡ
Gôѧˣƭ˰ɣԣ򵥣ʵ˲СɣҪһ𽫱ӵʵĽǶҲûôס
ſɣ
ȥ궬صȥϰ˰¡
ӷϰߵмɣȻһ¡
ץűˮȻѶȱȽϸߣ̫ѣԼһͷԵȥ
ߵԼƤңҿһȥ
ǿҪǵȥҿ϶㡣
̣Ҫ̣Ҳңҡ߳ңʵǲǣ
ңŰ·Ļᣬĺ󾱣ȥ
̵Ҳȥ
ֵΣһץһֱӸ嵽棬ñˮ
ǵĶǳ飬һֻˮѡ
̶ʮ׵ľ룬գ۾ͷˡ
ץűصңңС
˱Ϻ࣬Ӯ
ңж˶ץű
Ƕûע⵽һװϺıװ˿һ롣
ȥβ˻졣
ֵڽϾ
߷֣ԽΣϺԽࡣ
ȻССϺܶϺˮһ̾һѣҲ𺳡
ౣ
ע⵽Ǹװıʾսٱˡ
Խ⣬ౣ˭ӮˣҰɣ
ౣңûӮҲ䣡
ౣ
ౣ
ֵڰ౽ţ˭Ҳ˭
ңǽ˼ûüͣɵıѾųԶ
Ǻܿ͵Ǹʯ̶
ЩϺҪβѣڶۼСʯ̶
һ̾СһС
۶Ǿ棬̫ˣ˶ûʲôɾ͸С
ϺΡ
֪һĲȻ֡
мֻСΣϺһΣˮһ˲䣬Ǿץԡ
ЩССϺʤࡣ
߿ߵƤëȾˣһֻֻԵιԲ
Ȼ˲Ϻӹú
ౣ
ʾңֻƤ۵Сޡ
壡
Се࣬ΪʳĹϵζ
вǵݺצӶжһ»ҧһ£˵˿ھͻá
ҲǳףߺͰȥ׽ᱻҧ
ǰ컹еù˱Сҧ˽צңҩ
ߴֵطϳǿźң
СѾ˵飬ʱ˲צ㣬֫ŵɢ
ݵһֻֻСԱ
Ѿܿ죬ң죬ڰе˲䣬ηɹ
ңѸ磬һϸ߿գ㶢Сʵͷ
С޸оΣգĽŵŵƴľꡣ
ٶȿ쵽Լצ˸
ⲻֻ΢赲ңƬ̡
ϢңץֻСޣɹС
ߺͰϣһĻʵĲԣ˵ĺʤˣҲɵøżһŽѹˮС
һֱʮ֣Ϻ̫ˣÿһβ׽ջ񲻷ƣòżɡ
ջûֳʤ
̫á
ߵȻˣû˯ãôãҲ
ڿжӣǿƽ֡
Σϥѽʲôʱһ£
ȻΪÿθȥѲӣֻϹ֣
Ϳһ㣬㻹ûûˣ˵ˣһջ񡣡
ǽһ׽Ϻ
ЩϺͷ󣬴Ҳָ
֪ǲΪԵʣЩϺҪôףҪôۺ죬Ƿˡ
һС㣬ŵǰϸ˿
׵Сȫ͸Ϧܿļǡ
żΪƯ
ǴС㣬ζһҲûʲôζ
㲻ǲ㣿
Ա㣬Զһ㡣
߷ȥ鿴֮˵㵹һСɡ
Сʲô
졣ߣȻؼҡߴش˸ǷɹһСɳ˵ܴ浽ꡣ
˱űɻȥ
һֱˮˮǵëϣζǳȡ
ܲˣҪȥϴ裬ȻſϻϺ
ҲҪһȥ
ůһЩҲûֱϴˮĳ̶ȣϰĻǶҪȥϴ衣
飬ȥϴˮ
ҪȥϴȪҲԣطȽԶ
ߣţȥ˾˵Ȫϴ
ǲֻǵü˾Ȫ
˵ڵԴ٣ȪҲкüڡ
ֻңȥȪ¶ʣطˮɾҷȥѶȱȽϸߣûȥ
һȥȪȥڳݵǼȪͿˡ
߾Ѳ
һеԶ
üûϴˣԶʲôϵȥϦһϴȥԼȥ
һȥɣ
˵ң
ͦңһȥ
ǵȪְֿͦá
ϧܾ⡣
ʱȽ磬ڵֱȽ
Ǹѹˡ
ĺ֮£һȥϴߴʮ
߼Уһ㶼ۡ
ǰˡ
⼸̫ģѾ£ڶԼ˭˭˭Ҫʲô£һ顣
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˸߲ҵϴ裬ص²ɵĲҶͿȫ
ÿ춼ͿֲҶͻɢһǳζ
ͰҲֵ˰Ҷ
ǳϤظԼͿЩ޴룬ؽͿ
ǰûעҰݡ
ҰݵҶӺСҲ
ϴζܺţЧеˮһˮǳ¡
ǣĨÿϣ˲һζƺ˵Ƥζϣµ͡
߶˵ζ|У|һЩųζʵǷŴұеζ
ΪҪͿҶӣϴõʱǳǻȥʱѾ͸ˡ
īͻ˼ҡ
ңȻûǼҡ
ǰȥĵңһЩ
ʵڸƤӵ»һЩǶȽƫңǱߡ
ң¶Ц⡣
߿˵۾̲סǱ߶Ųһ㡣
һζƮ
ңƫͷڰ߶͵ʣͿҶӣ
ǣǰ̧ס̵Ķ⣬Ҷ˵ҪĨ͸ҷһЩ
ıȻһ£ôһ㡣
ߵİɳ²֣̹öֱ࣬ܵλǰûŵϵرζ
̾ȥˡ
⣬ǡҸ涼˲СԷҲǣһ붼ġ
̹˲|ˣԱͦŵһģ˾һ㶼û֣Ĳһ
ЦҲܴ󡣡
ұȰȥһûô
˵һ󣬺𣿡
ϷͰѩͽڰϣһھ͡ءŰ
һƾһء
˫ֻأ
ᣬϷ硢ѩһ£һ˭ÿι⣬ǲʺ
ӡ
Ϸѩôԡ
ЦȱųǴôϺҪôԣ
ɣټһϣŪСʳżҲԡ
ںɣôȣҪǲɣӦþͳˡ
ûʲô
һ˰Ϻ
Ϻϴ飬ϴɾ
ǻýһ༷ҪȻᷢࡣ
ôϺһæҲҪæһ
Χڴľǰĵƹɻ
ңұǰ
밶ȽԶңЩϥϥǡ
߲Ÿϴ裬Ūϣ߸ӣ¶޳ʵĸ첲
ңܿ첲ǳɫѪܣҲŵϴһµζ
ңż㣬żĿ
ûô
ȫעشϺ
罫ˮϺ󲿷ֻţż˵ģһֱӳȥϷͰѩӲ͡
Ϸѩӵü׼Եú࣬żյڵʱ򣬻ͷһֱӡ
һƫ磬ǼӲ͵ʱҲûǵҪţ»ŵϺҲӸǡ
Ҳһ
ϷͰѩһϺ͡
ʰϺʣ
ǽϺժ˳һĨ˳ϴɾû뵽һĨĨһֿ
ָʵأִ߽յѱߣŻ⿴
̽ͷһ˵ףЩϺôͲ˰
Ϻѣ
ǰڲǲѵļڣЩϺҲԳԣζЩȣŲĻûʲôͷü˲źóԡ
ҡͷԵػȥϺѵĿڸУڵϺѻ࣬ٹһ£ﵽǣǸֱñ̾Ϳˣǻܡ
߾ȣǻгϺѵϰߣ
ȻܳԵΪʲôԣϧǾǼ࣬Ǽûˡ
ϺѣԵǾ𣿡
ңش𣬡ڣϺѱͻᱻֶԵĲʮ֮һ
ԭˡʣҪôԣ
ųԡųԡųԡųԣŪ˵ĻѼóԡſˮųóԣнͷȥҲҶչһҲûԼΣһ㣿
ҲԣԹѽϺ
ʲô
¶Сһֺö
Ϻˮ֣Ͻը㣬ٷ󽴡ѡϺѣ챣档
պ۳滹ǳԷֻҪһС⽴ʳ꣬һڣʵüë
߻ɫʳζ֮
Խϸ룬һ߿ʿˮ˵žҪҹȥ԰ϡ
ңȥɡҹҪСһЩ
վҲһȥ磬ǴϺѰǵϴɾ
ȥǻϿ϶׼ˡ
վϱ𣬱Σңһȥ԰ӡ
ʱ졣
ڽ£¹յ
ǴϿշɹ׵ĴͶ¾޴Ӱ粢ż磬еϵı
ߵͷǵӰӣ뵽ϱѧʫ䡪ԸڵԸΪ֦
ھǱ
أߵһ仰ǣҪˣǶͬ顣
ңͷüͷ΢壬˭ͬ飿
ǰкüңҾܾˡ˫۶ԱߵĲݵأԶڵɽ֣ǲңҸǣϲˡ
ңͣ½Ųң
ߵҾڳ̸ҲҪԶԷΡңԸ⣬ǣϲˡ
Խ˵Խ֣ɤӵ˵ǱôԡҿԵ˵ϲ㡣ҪǾò̫ãˡ
˵꣬죬ϲһѡ
ûС
ʲô
ûϲҡңֻϲǸ˾ңΨһϲҵǸˡ
ţ
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վԭء
ң
ԥһ£ſ˫۱ȥ
ңůźܽʵһеֵܵӵȴֱֵܵĴڸǿ̫ࡣ
߱ôһˣǳʶⲻǱˣң
Ը֤ѣң


90 
ңĻůʵ, κ˵ĻһͰǰʶЩֵܵĻҲһ
߱ʱܸо
ͬʱ, йɵĸɾζ
ζð뵽ů, , 뵽һ޼ʵĲݵأϢĳӣ뵽һõĶ
һоӿһǰδеС
ѡ
ġ
˱˺һ
, Ҵ湻ˡ
ңһ, ֱһ¡
ֻ, 
ңӣһֻèƴչԼˡ
ң̲סֱһ¡
˵ٴαסʱ, ֻȴķ˺Ρ
ңߵ˵˵Ҳûϵ
ţʲô£һ糬
ңһ˫۾רעؿ
ô˵ң¶һЦ, ļⷢ, һ¡
ңǿסɳ嶯ʲôʱ˵ԣ档
ôһ˵Ҹùˡܾóȥ˵Ĺϵ֡
ô֣
㲻úҪʲôͻȻ, Ҹһˣ
ңЦ
ûԼϣԹ, ܼܲǾһ, Ǿۼһ, Һͼ˾һˣʲôʵģϽʹˣûˡ
Ҳԡ
ߴ󾪣ҲԣҲУ
һ£ңѼ峤һ𣬾Ϊһ˵Ļ棬˸
Ĳԣ
֪ˡʲôʱ˵Уż
ܱˣңѾ㣬Ҫࡣ
߳üһоʵû̫õʱ
ҪȺҼ˵һ
֣
УôˣȺͼ˵һϣҾͲصˣ˭ңҾֱӸǣ𣿡
á
Ƕժϻȥٺ÷ڷ
ο˴ҵθʲôըԵϢʱҲȽϺùء
ߴ£ʱԽġ
ĲըСɣҶϺС¹⡣
ʳ棬߻صҨһ³¯Ϻѽÿ˵ϡ
΢ƵںɫϺѽ̵ľ²ˣиһ潹һ۵ļ񵰡
ǰæˣʱ˻Ǿˡ
ųԲΣôôʢòΪףǰ÷ò˰ɣ
߸ЮһӲҶϺʣбԭȳϺʣϲϿζص쳴ĲҶġ
ҶϺʣ֡ҳףζôһ㶼ࣿйɵζ㲻˵Ҷζǿ𣿡
ζ϶ȿζأҪȻȲʲô
߻磬кλףǸǿ쳢
˾Ҳԡ
һü䣬ӳ
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߿ϲصؽ̲˷ŵǰ
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Ϻһ¥
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ζȷʵԤƣֻҪһС齴ʳĵ㾦֮ʡ
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˳ȽȥǼⶼ˺ˮ
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ңð߲ü첻ʣ˵Ҳԡ
Ѷ۾΢䣬̧֣ʾңԡ
ĲûʲôͷǿԴڳȥĲˡ
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ͻȻ˵еΣԴҿλףֻ԰:磬ϴ룬ȳȥˡ
ȥɣҡ
߸Ͻң֮󼪡
ô죬ҲûطȥǱ϶һȥȪ
ڸԵĳˡ
ԽԽúЦƽʱҲǲ˵ˣû뵽˵ôɰͰ͡
ңĳӻش𣬡ȥ󣬴īʡ
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ԩĲֻ֪̫ˣһʱ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
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Ҳǵһ֪ԭﲻͨԣرļԡ
С鿴һıݡ
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ȥõ͵⣬˼£͵ⲻճ
㡢Ŵֻ΢һζ˻ζ
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һõֱӴˮﲻỵ𣿡
Ӧò㻵ɣݾˣζ̫ãܳԡȻ̫óԣ͵Զˡ
β峤˵꣬ߣҪҪȥ￴Ҳô⣿
ҿҲûʲôرİ취͵ⲻ𣿡
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룬źҡͷ
Ҫ֪ʲôⷽԼÿͲըôˡ
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峤ɽҵʯͷҲûӦĹߡ
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п˵˶֪ߺңġ
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½ͷתʱʳβ峤ǲﶬܴ򵽺ܶ
β峤ͷǲ俿˵أвٲԭÿݳʱ򣬾ǲ䡣
ʱرף
˱κһսߡ
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β峤ҡͷҲûôףǨĶﶼͦףһֳ˽ǵס
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ʶؿңһۣĵħʲôôô֣
ҲһǡħޣֻǶƣ֪ĸ֡
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β峤ʢޣֻм˾˲£׽ܻ׽ȥǺüʿͼȥ׽߶ȡ
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β峤Цģûп˾ˡ
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ʣħ޳˳Ǻر֮⣬ûʲô
β峤ϸ룬ʱ򣬽ǡ衪㲻㣿
ôôϤ
ͷһʵܻҿ𣿡
⵹ҲУ˵׶ˡ
β峤˵ţԱһӣϵ
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β峤죬ζζһ㣬Ҳû̫࣬ǲﻹɣҪԵĻҾ͸
̵Ҫ
УҾ͸β峤ЦҾͲˣǿ϶Բߡ
ЦȽ껻˽ʯҲһ͵⣬ǾͲôˡ
˽֮󣬿ʯͷҪ֮ǰö࣬뿪ɴʯͷӦҲ⡣
߼Ԥϣȵ˽죬϶ÿ䶼ʯ
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ˮǲҲЩɫʳҪĻҲһЩ
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β峤̵ô˵ˣҶʵ˳ѽҲˡ
ãһҾ˵ôô飬ԭ㻹ôһ¡
ǿ϶ÿµʳô࣬Ūʯҿɲٳŵʳˡ
˵Ǹ취̫Уѧһѧ塣
ǵİ취Ȼ̫УҲûвȥƽƽʳﱣðɣҪǻǡ
һȺ峤Цֿһߡ
һξãȻÿ˶ʺϵ峤峤ƽʱĬԣû뵽˵Ҳô˵


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β峤о, ѵõλ峤֮һ
ڶ죬İѬɴ˹
ѬζȽһ㣬ҪζƷ, Ϊ˷㱣, һŵú̡
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̣ϸϸ׽, ŴζƷһ㡣
ζ, Եţζ
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߿ǣǾô
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ҲòȰڹȥһң
ð, ˾ȥĻ, ҲȥǴ֡
˫ö
߻ؼҵʱ˵, ڹ, Ҫңȥβץޡ
īüͷ΢, 뷴ԡ
æ, Һңһȥ
Դӹ·֮, ң, Ҳغ˾ˡֱ
ī¶ŤɫüͷøûзԵɣֻõСһЩ
֪ˣǰ˵һǿҪڳβ졣
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һֳ˽ǵĴҰޣԲݵģÿ＾Żᵽβĵط
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ô˵ϲ˾ˣ
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βڵòǳḻ
ԭƽԭɽأϿȡָľɫС
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ﹻƤ˿ԳԹ֮⣬԰ƤˣڼȥҪǱȥ˸ͻȥ
ҾͲˣǵĵҲ㡣
УʱһŪһȥ
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߿ǵĵһʱ䣬Ϊʲô˵ҪԸһȺҰţѡ
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ǷҰţĵһʱ䣬Ѿų򸩳ȥ
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ͬ⣬ոϸһ£еСţڴţƤ£ܲ͸磬ǸԽţȥץСţ
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ǴƾԣżʹüƲߣҲǺܼ򵥵ļƲߣû˭һ
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صѹû뵽ǻһһ
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ԶԶԣ˾ôҪȻǰ˵İ취ԣ취
˶ûл˵ң˶ͬ⣬ͷһԣһɵʱǼǵԶȺɵ̫͡
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ЩɣûõĹȻΧ˫۾ǼԥҲУҵġ
߸ոֻи򵥵뷨˵һ飬һ˼·
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һһ£Ϳȥʰµˡ


92 ţ
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˵, βΪԴһɵ¡
ԣҪ׼
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ûǿצڴʱ, һ, Ҫϵϡ׷, Ūָ˿ڣ׷ܲΪֹ, ʧѪƣߡ
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ʧ˴˺, Ǻݶˡ
վԶۿܿͷȺǱѪȾ˺ˮ
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β弸˴ͷβŴ, ĿɿڴؿһС
ƵƵ, ˵ֱ¡
ˡ
Ķһ¡
߿, ˵߰, ǿȥˡ
Ⱥߺ, ʣµĶǵ
ңȥȥץֻС޻
βǼڲŻع, æվ̬, ˾, Ҳȥ
֪ǵʵ, ģֻڱץʱԵĻץĸץһֻ
ңͷһΪ֡
ߺ;ʣµȥ
ոţȺ̤һͷţͷСţ
ͷţУͷ
ͷСţ򱻲ˡ
ͷĴţǹȥ󣬻ͼվţǶǡ
Ǽ¡𣬳ź⣬쳣׺ݿ¡
߲ҿͷţ
СܹȥסǵĲӡ
ˣڡ
УҲǳСģţһ
Ӵö࣬ţ״̬˵´Ҳ취ԣͲôˡ
æ֣ȹ۲һãáΪţںӹطխ˾ţһŪҪǻһĵط˵ǵһӦܣǵתͷǡ
룬⻰˵ҲǣҿôһЧڶοܾûʲôЧ
ǿ
˽ţһܻʾ峤Щô죿˹Ǳȥ𣿡
ԥȼ˾˻˵ܴôޣ˾˺ߣûʲôŷС
û뵽ô˵һ˿⣬ô䣬ͷм˹ҪȻôޣƾǼҲȥ
˵ҲǣҾȥˡ
Ƿɵƶ˺Լ˵ʱ򣬽߿ܴ÷ǳԶ
˺ҲϢȥһֱ󲿷Ϊֹ
ɵƶϽ˼ȷе˲ŷ
һ
ңǸ˻ˡ
˸ץһֻţ
˵ţ߷ֻСţһٽЩ
ֻǿͷϲŸðԲǣܲµǶճûá
ңץֻţȽϴ󣬷ɵҲȡ
ǸץţͷƫСɵҲŤŤ˿ˣæȥæ
æӭȥ
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ʣµæסţĲӣٽ˩ϡ
βһص⣬ʵ˾ˣЩô䣿
˰ͷ˻߼ңʣµСԼ֡ͷСץģҪߡ
ôУæƾܣץ޵ʱûôôռͷ
ǵأţҲԲꡣԺ߿ܻץޣǶ
ûϵ㾡ץҲһͿǲԣץͷҲûϵʵ̫ˣҪȻһСʣµһһС͵߼ȥ
ңʰߵ𣿡
ЦԸǾˡ
Ӧģӭ´ٹһԣһЩ취
ǵС
βúܿ졣
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ȻҲòԭطָ˼ͷţװţ⣬һһ𱳻ȥ
߱һ
ţɫһζ
·ϵʱѾ̲סȥЩţ⾿ʲôζò׵ˣȲ˳ǸǿҸǴ˺ö
ӷﱼײϳβ˽һ
˲ڰ߼ҳԷЩ˷֮ҲͣңͰߵͷֱųˡ
ŵϷŵʮһͷСţԾͶϲϣôǾȻô⣡
⻹㣬ңץͷޣȻʹˡ
ͰҲˡ
ţǣüһ޵ĽǰɣǽǶôһö󣿡
һͷޣֳ˶ʮ⣬˵ж󣿡
һ˻ôô򵽵ģô˵رף
Ȼǻ۴ġ
ң˵ʱ򣬴һβСţ
βܰ³Է룬ܿȥˡ
ɽͷһˡ
Ա߻ɫؽҰţǶµĹ£Ǳסˣ۾Ҳգ
ôȼյĲʹҰţʧ룬Ӷ̤¼ʱ򣬴ϵıȡ
һţײңһ£ң˵ûп԰ɣ
ңԱϵصͷ
ʵҲ̫ˣҪңҾ벻İ취
Ҳżһ
´һ£ȡÿζôԡ˵ô⣬Ҫô棿ˮɽҪ͵𣿡
á͵̫ɣֲʣǰŪɡ
ɹ𣿡
ɹǲиҤÿŽҤ￾ɾˡ
˴Щţİ취ҪȻҲҪôţ⡣
ȳһٻϣЩ⡣
ã׼ϡ
ҺңͷСȥ
߽жޣܾҧ졣
Լ˵Ժǹͷ޽СţɣǸĸ֣ʾҰ޲ͬ
һ˶ûʲô
ߴٵǿȥأһûԹ⣬ô㣬϶óԡ
ǵȻҪǲóԣǻصһ𣿡
ߺͼƶ켸䣬ңһСţȥ
ȵľѾǳˣñΣɴ˩СţĲӣСţһһǣߡ
ͷСţ֪ǱŵˣǱôѱǣŵʱ򣬹Թǰߣһ㶼
߻ֻСţԴһ¡
ֻСţŴ۾һ£û㿪վԭ
ˣ˫ֱȻԼţߣҺͷһСţǲһߣ
ң˿ֿ˿ţţʲôñȣ
ȻУ˵˵ҪҺͷСţһߣҾͷСţȥɻ
ŵڶץСţȥɻ
ɻϰǴˣѱܾͲ̫ѱ
ҪȥҺһȥ
źӹһ·ߣôůʪҸоںӹҵһЩʳֻҪһȥﶼС
ǣţһ·ߡ
ƽʱ·ܾ·̫Զ޲÷һ¾Ͱ·꣬ңһʱ·˼ͬ·Ҳû÷
ֻѼѾǨзȥˡ
֮ǰճѼÿţɲݺˮͰֳɵġ
䣬Ҳô䲻Сţ
СţϰôխĻصȰ˨ȻְŹϣȵĹȿҲľߡ
ôһСţӦöӲȥˡ
ߵҪǲӦ취
ȹؼ죬Ǵܡ
е⼸˳ǼӸͣܲʳѱǡ
˻ȥʱû··ĻٶȾ̫ˡ
ˣǻصҵʱ򣬰ڼѾ
ԹʳҶ׼ˣǲ̵ػ
ҪСţٺûҪȥϴ裬ȻٻԷѾܹ˼ǵˡ
㻹ϴ裿
Ҿôһ˵ⲻûϴţأţҽŪţͻ
ţо󲿷ֶ⣬ĳЩλҲз⡣
ڿ﷭ңͼҳţ
ңڱϸ֡
ֹʲô
ԱȽڵĻ磬ţг𣿡
гˣҵҲгˡ
߳ĴָȻŰɫţ׼ȥ͡
ͰڳϴţƤȥҪҪǰæ
Ǽæǵģңҡ
͸¶ңĹϵҲʵظң⣬Ҳ˶Դʹʹü˳֡
Ա߶ЩȥңȴС
ţͺκһ͵ζһ
Ȳһرζ
߼𣬽гСţͷʱȻּһˮϸµ
ţ͵ζܿƮ˳
߲꣬ţͼ룬ʼϡ
С⡢ȥȲݡݡָϷŽȥըζ̳֮ٷµһϡ
ը΢ƺ󣬰ҧĹ⡣
ζһӾƮ
ţͣζζѾܽӽϱӳĻˡ
ִ̼ζڻ˵Եøˡ
ϷͰѩӵˡ
һͳ˺üţ⣬Եõһţͷ档
Ȼţ͵ζƮʱǻ̲סӡȥ
һηǵβͻҡ
ȻȲ󣬵ǻëӣǿǳӡ
ƽʱʱ򲻻ֻСǣʵ̲סתսСǣ˫ߣֻСǵԴһѡ
ˬ
صһʵĶ䣬ŶﶶĴУȻţιǣǳ꣬ϴ֣ȥţ͡
ţͿ쳴ˣ߾ĵشʣµʳġ
ü˰ţ׾
أôõĻϣһʧܡ
߻صð׼ýС⡢󽴺ȻҪҵһϡ
ʳҪĵȴ
Ȱ꣬ѾˣһԺŻѣڼϣ׼Ի
죬ڶܳһͷ
ģжʮ⣬ԡ߿ߵĸֿ֣ұߵң쳣㣬һӣԣ
ţϺõҰţ⡣
īǾгɱƬһ˵ԣ̼⣬̵
ཷţţһȥͿʼף£ܳԡ
һƬţ⣬ȱɫŵװպϵһպȻŻûгʱһţŽ
ţۣһĵݣ֭
۵⻹ЩпڸС
һû˵ĿڸУԽԽ㡣
տʼʱеϵĴ̼ţⱾζ
ǴеζζǱζǳóԡ
̲ס۾
ǽܰڼſڳһζţҲôá
ºֻСţѱһ˶ֵˡ
ֻСǳԵöӶˣȻ߳ԻŵŨִ̼ζֻСǻ̲סڱȥߺʳԡ
һ˶ֻСûеֿ
īԼһ飬ιСһ顣
ִǿסԼ
Ը˵Ǳιô̹̫࣬ˣСֶӡ
˶ֶӣôֶӣǿɱƤʵˡ
⻰еԶԡ
Σ죬ҪֶӵĻҲŲһȥϴ衣
СǱǼ÷ǳƤǰʱ䣬һ컹ȥӣѩ׵ĳëࡣ
ʵڿȥһһֻñֻСȥȪϴ衣
Ǵǻҧ˺ü£ҪСֵҲȽϸߣǵüѪɡ
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һȥ
īЦŵͷ
һңֻСǣسһٻ
󣬰صذţʢŵš
Ƚ䣬ţܿͻ̡
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߿ʼţ⡣
ǼţûʲôرĽͷϵĲ϶ϡ
Ϳʼɹ̫صŪñȽϵ
տڳԵʱ򣬻ȽϺóԡ
ƳţɣǼҵţ⻹Ƿǳࡣ
߷ֳһЩð͸ѡ
峤º游ľҪһЩ
ץʱ򣬰Ƿ顣
ȥˣʱһСβ͡
С˵µʳ׷Ҫιۡ
߰ڵʱͼ峤һûôʹ졣
ϦһͿߣԼ֮󣬾ͲСˡ
Цûе£ֻȽæûˣæʱ󣬾ܸһɼˡ
˰ɣʲôʱ򶼺æˣӦҪȥɼǿܸܲһȥ
߱ȭġ
ǼҵһţѾŪˣ߽ţʢкҹԣʱæĳɹǳôϲϲ
ϲĻҪһǳ𣿡
ͣҪĻȻҸʢһСӡ
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Цϴξ˯š
ҲЦ
ѾˣСԼҪ˵ǱߺȲ̸ȽϺá


93 
ڳһֳ
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СǺȵľǺ衣
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Ϧʣʹ𣿡
̫죬ͺ峤˵仰ôˣ
˴˵ǲһֲ, 벻ȥҲʶʲôֲһȥ
߾, ΢΢, ʱֲܷ˵ʲôֲ𣿡
ûϸ˵㲻ʶرֲһȥ, ȿӦþ֪ˡ
, ֲͷ󲻴, ǲ, ̦޺
˵Ҳûʣֲ֪ܲܳԣ
֣鲻Ӧñ˾ˣ
˾Ӧÿ˵ȥˣ곤ø죬³ѿۣǳЩζ
첻УﻹôţɣҶȥĻԼ죬Ǿпˡ
㡣
ȱߣţɡ
ţɲʲôҲô𣬰ݺò裬С顣
ÿ춼в£Ȼңһ𣬵Ҫ˵˽⼸䣬ǲЩСȽ˽⡣
Ҳ˽⣬ֵֻƽʱûµʱȽٰԡ
Ҫ߰û˼
ʱֵʳȽ϶࣬ҲæȥɼһߺȲţɣһߺͰ졣
ţͰԼҵţȫˡ
һ͸С֮⣬ʣµķֳݣһݣһݴȥң
ңڲûסң󲿷ʱҪԼԷɵĻʱԵ油ڡ
죬𱳿𣬺СһˣҪʱ仹磬ȥɼ
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Ҳ֪Լûôʡֻ˵ȥͳˣ߹㣬֪ûӡ󣿡
ңһˣһֿĵֲһһڣͦߣڴǣëҶӱȽϸҲߣŲֲȥ궬һΪֲᱻû뵽˪ѩ̡
һг۶̾԰ôǵô
ֲﲻ࣬ȥ꿴һξͼסˡֲûʲôӡ󣿡
оʶϱӼֲ̫ˣôһ˵һʱҲ벻;еӣϱӼӣϺûë
ϸ꣬ܽȥ֪ˣҪҪһȥ
ȥҴչȥ̫㡣
˵ҲǣҪȥʱҸһ𣬻ʱһ𡣡
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Ͳոջ˵š
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СţȻӦô죿߸о˼飬һΪҰ˵Сţһжãƭҵġ
ʳͬ飬ûУȷʵȥɣǣ
ԣһڸ붯
߰Сţϣ˳
Сţȵڲݶϣһ
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СţԸ쳤ӣҲԸսһµ̬ʵ̫Цˡ
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ٰĴӡ
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Ӱ


Ͳ
ӵĹ̫ˡ
ֲ
ȫĳǰ֮Уķһź
Ŀת˺һ
ֱｫйӵһ飬˼עˡ
ﻹʮˡ
Щعк˵ЩϱȽ϶С棬кܶߣǲĹ
߲ŷִǿֻӴ档

Ȼ쵽ˣǴˡˡ
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弸һֱ۲ߣɫ죬æԱߣߣʶֲ֪࣬ʲôֲ𣿡
û´Ӧӡǳѿʱôԣ
ͷŵһôˣǲʲôرĳԷûע⵽
һ˵ˮƯϴһ£ٳζͻúܶࡣ
ˮʲô峤˵֪ǹ㡣
һ˵ķ
ҵӣҲû˽йķϸϸ˵һ飬ǿɳԡ
۾Բˡ
и˸˵ҸոշкüСѿðˣҪȻھڼѿԡ
ȵȣ֣߰ڵ̫ˣѿ೤һ֮ٳԡ
ãЩӳÿɿˣȥֻһ궼һƬСˡ
ô죿ܲӻҼ֣
԰
һôˬ˵ˣڳβʱ
ٴȷϣڻȥ
ڡ峤˵ҪЩõĻ϶ڻȥ㾡ھͿˡ
Ȼ峤Ѿô˵ˣҲ
ԽСӣкڡ
˼ˣææ
ü˲̫ߣ̲ס͵͵顣
Ǳǿòڡ
ԱߵĴ˿Ц峤˵ˣǼ˾˵ˣǲҪ̫
̲ס峤˵ʲôˣ
˵һ˾˿ܻǲýţҪǿʲôҲûȥ˵ͺá
ʲôָ
һЦûлش
ǴЦ￴˼ٶ˵ζ
߸о콵һڴڹ
ңȻѾǲйϵˣǻʲôûðɣ
Ǽһ뵽ȥˣ
ͷȻ峤ʲô뵽ˣҶӰɡ
峤˵ڣڶö
Ҷ
Щǽ³ӣɸϵӲγһӴصס
Ƿ˺ܴڵֶˣҲûܰһ
ЩƵ̸ڣ̫ˡ
ߴȻֻؼҵʱһҪԶ뷿ӣҪôô˵ðǼҵĵػ


94 
Ǵ, öֽڳ
Щӵĸʵ̫ӲˣӵгͷҲܴ, Ǹоǳۡ
ڵͷϸҲʼ
ӵĸ˷̯вٸץŵ档
ʵܲ, һĨͷϵĺˮˡʣµĸ, ôѾˡ
ʣֻ𣿡
Ӧû̫⣬ǵͺǿ
Ա߰æһڵҲ۵òУô˵Ҷ˿
ߴӱ, , ʣµĸ
ѸҪȰڳö, æһ, ͰԱ߶ĸˡ
һڳСӣҪЩӶбų˼֧֦ҶЩ͡
ʣֱӰȥ֣
ࡣѹ˵Ȼң, Ҫ棬ҸӱȥС
, Һһȥ
ϦԱһ԰, תͷȵʣǲ𣿸ո˵Ҫڼȥ˳, 
Ц, ô, ʱϻȥĻ, ˾Ϳϧˡ
һȥɣ
òôˣ
Ѿӵ;ĳԷ˴ˣҲȰ˼ûȰһȥĵطˡ
˵Ҫߣȴûߣͣԭء
ԱվýŶˣüƣûж˼̲סʵ˾˲˵Ҫ
·ʲô鵢ˡʾⰶһ˵Ҫ϶
һˣ
ܡ
ֵݵȡ
߶ɵƶϽмңڲڸ
ʱң˹
˻к
߿ϵӣʱֳһ硣
ң¶Ц⣬պʹ˵˻ỰЩ
ںˣ峤˵ֻ⡣

ӿģұҲء
ҲȻҵķɡ
ڲ̫ۣ͵һͦԸ͵
ֻң͵
һ棬ûô
ƻӵֲص㡣
Ǽɽͷ棬뷿ԶһС
ȣ⼸ţ򶼹ǳҲûйϵ
Ǽɽͷ棬ÿ춼۲ӵ״̬
ȣΪɽȸůʪ
ӱɶˣһͰȫȥ
ֻǴ屾Զң·һһأõʱҲǳ֮춼ˡ
ڷ˵ȥæһͨʲôûɡ
ߣôûɣǲӻǳ֮󣬾ͿԳ񡣡
ǵõȵʲôʱ򣿡
Ȱ߻ش𣬰õꣿҪȻ϶᲻ǵ񡣡
ʲô˵ˣֻܳĴָ֪ߣҲ
ȥȥȥֵĻ֮⣬ûʲôɳԵģȥһ˲ŪԵĻܾθġ
Ҳ֪ӻʲôʳ
Ͳǵһ֡
ֻӣ϶ܿͲ
Ҳûڡ
һȦֻܰҶȥ
ȥӱҪժһЩҶԱˮ֡
ժҶûôÿӡ
ߵֻܵˣժҶӸǰӳԡ
ʲô
һʳӦŴףô׶ԸһҲСﻹ⣿ǰ̵ζӳԡ
һ£ʳʲôζĺó𣿡
֤߱ҪƭǣǾһ˰ȫꡣ
ԱЦ㣬ƭԡ
óԡȻҪӣȻ극һף
īʣҪ٣
Ĺӱû٣Ūһ裬ҿԶһϽȥ
̧ͷҪʲô
ҲʲôϢɣȻҺңȥҵâݡ
ҪӣǼڵӶҶȴͣʵ̫Сá
ߴȥһâݣâݴպŰһӡ
Ǹݵ;У˳ȥϴ裬һȪһ߰âݴˡ
â߱ȽϷǵС˺ߵҶӣֻмȽԵҶ
ҪȻӵʱһᱻ֡
߶źˣ극һ˰İŸæġ
Լңϱ͵ȥɽϸâݡ
īں濴Ǻüۣջʲôû˵
ڼǰװʮֵһ뿪˵ߣèúôԼֱۼ£ȥҼƤˣҰסǡ
ңıŵˣ
ոҰüۣ㿴ûУ
ɣǶ࿴˼ۡ
ѼӲɣߣâȥ
߶ԼҸֲķֲصǳϤңֱĿĵء
ɫܺã¹âڷɳɳ졣
ҹĴأͻȻתͷң˵ҪǰľɫܾҪʫˡ
磿
确Բԣ¶Ϊ˪νˣˮһ
˵ɬĸԶ
ʫû˵ңһֶûףרעɫĸҥһ
תͷһö۾ϲ¶һǳǳЦݣǲر
ǡң󣬡ǲˣ
֪˵ҡָԼϱӣ˵ͷ飬Ѳ롣
ңƵ¶˳󴫹ȥǰʲô
ͨ˵ģ룬Ҳ̫ͨұͨҪƧһ㡣
ǰҲϲ죿
ϲͲģʱۣ˺ܶ࣬ܶ࣬ÿʱ䶼á
˵ϱѾúңԶˡ
Ĺȥܾ˵һι¡
ңĺ棬żҲȤ
ûԼԽ˵Խ࣬һֱûֱͣ˸âݣȪҶӣصС
߲ŷԼ˵һ·Щᡣ
ңװâݹı£ſ˫۱һ£ߵ˵˯
Ҳǣ
˻ȴûзſ
߱ңսһ£ҹˣȥ˯
ңšһƫͷ˰ߵͷһ¡
߸оһǡ
ͷһͷƤ顣ԼңıϢ͸˿ͷ
ᶶһ£һβΪӦ顣
û뵽һͷԼôӦ
ңͷһ£۾˵
ЦȻƫͷϲ˲䣬һֻ˵è
˵꣬ɿػԼķ䡣
ң濴Ŀǳᡣ
ңվ¹վһᣬΣչ޴ĳ򣬻һϷɡ
һΣûֱӻԼɽͷ˺üȦ
ƿһľٶ
ڶʱ򣬿ߵĿе֡
ʲô뿴͹ؿôֹ֡񣬲֪ĻΪôˡ
һ仰ػϵļ˾ζذ
߶һºˣ㻹Բˣ
ԣУҲ˵ˣҪôԣ
Ȱ֮ǰѼó
ǼҵѼһʱ䣬Ϊԣò̡̫
ȡǿԿտڳԵ̶ȡ
߽һѼŵչ죬Ȼŵˮ˹ʼǡ
ǼҵѼԴǨзֺʳ׹˺ܶ࣬ˣµĵҲ˺ܶࡣ
Ѽ϶쵰СˣʵɫǱȽϹ⻬
߰һѼ
ƹѼҲ˵ζζûаѼôȣҲƺܾõ̵ô̡
߳һ飬о̶ȸպãϵС˳Ե̶ȡ
ĵѾ߿ĵƣ֪εѼжôɹ
εѼѾˡ
ߵѼպ˫Ƶƾڵм䣬ƫٺ죬΢΢ɳǳˡ
̲סÿһ̵ơ
̵󣬷ǳʣҷǳϸ壬΢΢һ̵һͿĨϣӴÿһζ٣˳ָо
Աʵô̵Ƴɹ𣿡
һֻһǸ
һ֮£۾һˣ԰ζóԣȰˮ󵰵ʱóԶˣûаôɣζ
죬һ̵ȥˣǻǹζ̲סҪһ㣬ϸϸƷ
߿ϲԣɴ̵ƶ
Ҳôһһڵϣ̵ƶԹˡ
ڳԵͬʱ۾Ҳһһ
һĨ죬˵ǽһӣ̵ϵӿ϶óԡ
ߵҶ꣬ǾͲˡ
㲻˵ЩҶҲûãȫժȥժʣµҶ
ˣҲûãǾôһףʵʵţźһӡ
ߴڵӣֶʳƷζȽ̣ʳġ
صȡ˴ͷϸϸ飬ּ˵󽴣Ϻѽеĵϸϸȡ
ժҶûаϱӼҶÿҲ
ЩӿС磬ҲһڵֻСȽСˣҪڡ
ǰʱýҶһ𣬲Źá
Լӣ̲ס̾ʳ
ҵĹ͡磬õҶַ
©
©ˣ㲻ǰ𣿡
ǿʼûãīˣϴɾ֮Ҳ˰ӵĴ
ңҲˡ
ңߣȴɣֺֿãطԱߣһƷ߻档
ĽؿһۣõŸֵ˱Ļ⣬ոǲȥ֮ǰŪİװ
Ǳ߷ɹ˳㿴һ¡
ôʣµЩװúðɣûзʲôر飿
ͦãҷ˵Ӻмιһ£û
ӦòˣǶӦˡһиҲӦòᲨȺ塣
߶ԼҵİװܿãװȥôãѾȫӦӦˮ廷ھ͵ջˡ
Ǽֲֳ졣
µСˮ
ÿȥһΣβݻʩʣЩСˮú³
Ҳ֪Ĳж٣Ŀǰһꡣ
Ȼ滹øлֻСǵڸҪ쿴ۺǺ棬㹻Ǻһ
뵽˵ǶӣȻֻСҲһ
СţأСţҪҪһ
ˣֻСţôøصذӣιιݾ͵ˡ
֮ǰû뵽ЩݵĴҰţؼ֮Ȼôſžվţžſš
еţԶȥˡ
һ˶ӣӰúܿ졣
߿һӰãˮӡ
ǼʯõñȽ϶࣬ҪʯȽ죬ôҲỵ
չĻ¾װչѣͷչѾ࣬ҲԼҵĹӡ
һδ㲻չˣҪȥ廻ʯ
ڽѾ˳ʯҲȽϷ㡣
ҵļԽԽ죬ʯۻԽԽͣŲ֮󣬴Ӧöỻʯ
ʯȲ죬ȴǳʡ
ˮһΣ߻صˮڶΡ
ƮһζԱʹӡ
ոѾ̵Ƶζˣ̵ƼϴͷϺٰôһּζ
ǰСҲȽϺ
ÿһῴһ
Ҷɴ̱ɻ̣ζҲԽԽŨӵˮ΢΢û
߿ſţڰУãԿˣ
ۣ
˲ϸճӻǳ̣צֱӴӹһ󴮣ֱԼ̵ָͨ졣
ȴ顣
ѵһӸ˴Ǹ쳢ЩرóԣոѾ̵ˣ֮ǰ̵ҪóԵöࡣ
ڶī˲ϸ׶˵ʲôϽ˵ŵԼǰ
߶Աߣ֣û뵽ͷҲ̧ߺͼ˾⡣
Ҳ̫ˡ
еļ˾ôĺ
ɿԼ˲ÿ
ңͷ˵öԡ
īЦ
Ҳת˶ң̬ȡ
ңﲻǸ߸ϵļ˾ˣǼˡ
һӣһңԼһ
ӵײŴףճʱ׻еճ
ӵʱˢ֮ͣǰЩӻҶϣû뵽̵ƶ֬һεĵɫƯӾͳˡ
ӴҶص֮󣬲Ʒжôζ
˿ζ˸ȻһŻ̵ӽ
ЩϾѾʼˣķ㣬Ҳԣеΰ棬γһ⻬ľСš
߳׷֮ϲ¶˳Ƶ㣬Ũ㣬дͷζϺζŨһСС档
ǰǳԹϸʳ֮һ
Ӻ͵ʳﲻͬ
ӵĲϲûȫȫһϣ׷׷˫ң㣬ศɡ
߾ǡôظ׷ζ׷ǡýϵζζ
Ŵ㣬ʳȫʳĿڸУרá
ֱһִѵʳ
ܵ۾ϸƷʳ
ȳһ֮ȥ˵ı顣
ӴҵıҶǳϲӡ
ЩοЩ
ţһţϰһţϻһţ£ǲԸԼš
ͿԿжôϲӡ
ֻǡ
е˰


95 
ҪŴ׺öࡣ
߱û, Ҳһٵ˷һ֣ܿͳˡ
, ΪԵ̫һ붯
ڿ˺ߣߣҵһˮ¡
߿һۣϴӣ߹ȥһˮ
лˡӹˮ, ô԰ɵ, 쳤Ӱˮȥ
ǳһˮûϡ
Ա𾪵ؿ
ˮ֮, ŵԱߣ۾, ó, ǳ֮е̣ˮҪһͺˡ
߻ع, ˡ
˸ʵƣҾ˵˵ոճ̵ģҪһˮͺˣһĲҲ, ϴβ˵̲, ҪҪ
㲻ȥɼ
̫Ų붯, ȻȥҲû¡
ʵҲ̫붯, ӣȾⶼˡ
ңϴֵ߳һһϣ߹ߵҲ㵹һ裿
ո㶼ˣ
ţ軹̲裿
衣۾Ҽӵϲǣӵ̣Ҫ̫Ũ
ңͷ
æԱߺҲҪ˾˸һ
ң׼һۣͷá
߸оҺλײڼңҪȻԻǵðǵĹͷɡ
ǷŴӿңڳæ
ңĶһˮš
߿ſţȥɴվЬӣ߽æ
ңܿͺˡ
ôŪ㲻ȣ
Ǻȡ
òŪһΣһ𡣡
ϱӲϲ̲ĶⱲٺȵζǳ
վң濴æһ̲סõλøңҸһرĶ
ʲô
顣
ң⻰תͷʡ
վÿλãӹȡһ۳һϲǡ
ص˵Ǻ飬ƽʱԵ顣
ңˣҪæ𣿡
һˮ
̺ܳ㣬߽۵ʱûˮֱ̡
½ۺϲǻһӣְһССԲӡ
ֵɫԲطڰϣе顣
ң¶Ц⣬ˮ󣿡
¶ˡ߳Ĵָ㾡ջˮˣˡ
ߵֽŷǳ
°еӶ˳ˮտ󣬰ӽˮ
ˮ֮󣬺ܿð͸
̳߰ŵˮһ飬Ȼ⻻һˮš
ǰݺõĺ赹
ѾǣֻҪ̼飬Ȼҳӣ̲ȵطֳ˽̲ˡ
ﻹС飬ߴλ׻ʱ򣬸̲衣
˶ں˲֮󲻻ʧߵͣٻҲûϵ
ɵö˯ˡ
о߳һ죬۾ߣڵʲôոҾŵһζ
̲衣
һ¼ֱʰߣţװˣ
οһЩֻǸֶѣȲȣ
ȣ
յʱͦӣÿһٺ
صôװ̲裬һӣжԱߺȱųԡ
˵һӣ֪ж
ǳǳһ̲衣
̲ǳ˳ǡôһ˿̵ֽζζ
һȣ۾ˣúȣ
˵ţཹཹ̲衣
ҲһڣϤζ۾ƵȣǲˣⱭûеڶ
һĶܡ
ûģһֺС뱭̵µԡ
ԲͣŵζζԵʱѾǳóԣ̲裬ζһ
̾Բ۾֮ҨӽŰ̲֮̾úˡ
ǿ϶úȣͲôˡ
Ǻúֽʣ´һңҺһ
߱˸ûƣԼ̲ȥˡ
ߺңȵú
һνӴƷƲסԼֶֶ֡¾ͰԼǱ̲ˡ
̲֮θһ˿϶Ҳˡ
žһӷϣŶϣá
ͬص˵ͷ
һߵ̲ҲˣӷϣԼθ
һоԼˣҪǲĻֳŵûš
һûһµţԴһһ㿪ʼ
ңԱ߿һθ棬ûԵ˼һһ°θ
ңִȣӵʱ򣬱Լˡ
ַ࣬۾һͱþ
ң˯ˣ̧֣Ҫȥüӹš
û뵽ң̧֣߱۾׼ȷץס󣬡Ҫͣ
û˯ţ
Ÿպȹ̲裬˯ţֻǱĿ񡣡죬ٰһ
ڲԶԭ˯ˣֱС˵ѣǵĶԻһ
ߵƤˣĺҲ⣬ץң󲻿Ϸš
ңֻ˳ٴΰθ
һڼĥ˰죬ʱҲſ硣
̫磬Ǻ
̲һֻ֣а˷ֱǻ
վԭһߣոǲ˵ϲǿˣ
ôȥϲоϲоȥҲϹ
˭Ҫϲоˣϲо쿳ˣҲûʲôϲоɿȥȥ
ķʽǳ򵥴ֱζĸ
֪кü֣һʱҲ֪˵ľ֣ĸ
İȥȥڵʱ򣬴ʱɾû˰
߿ңһۡ
ңͷʾԼҲȥ
߹Ӧ£ȥ
˵Ǳ󱳿ȥСͷгͷһر졣
ԴǼ˽ƵߺǵЧ˲ֹһ㡣
صش𣬵űʡõȻڶװ¡
ãһҲûϵҪڵö࣬ɹɣԺݲҲͦá
˷ȥӱߡ
Ѿ쵽ĩˡ
ӱߵ³ˮֲ«έࡣ
Щˮֲ̣ҶƬʺۣߵһۿãȻ᲻˳һݻȥιţҲ̫ϧˡ
һֲݵĸҲǺ̱ƵֲҶƬ«έҶһ㣬Ӳм䴩ȥʱ򣬲ˡ
һɨȥͿ˺üꡣ
߷±𣬡ǿʼڰɣȥǱߣңȥǱߡ
ʣأ
ߵҺңȥͬһߡ

ֱ׳£ȻҪһ𡣡
ңЦЦ󣬡߰ɡ
˷ֵڡ
ʵֻѳͷ
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߸ң棬ңʱҶӣٰබ䣬ͽˮϴɾϸϸŵ
İȻۡ
ϴɾĵһһϸ۲졣
Щѩʴۣ࣬һͿ԰м۶ϡ
۶Ϻðʵ֭ˮŷǳˡ
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ζǳ
һ졣
߽һ֮һݸһš
ңһͷͿڵԣ¶Ц⣬𣿡
ͦ𡣡ߴӱȡһϴرɾģֵߣ
ңֳԣУԶһ㡣
ңҧʱ촽˰ߵָ
һƵģæջ
ң촽еԣԸ
룬롪
һæֹסԺеͷ̧ͷʱˡ
ң˫Ц۾ؿʲô
ң˵ʱ򣬵ɫ촽΢
Ӻһ£ˣ㣬㿴ŵ£ڵԼĽš
ңᣬٸҳһ
ʶصͷڱһرɾģ͵ߣСɾľʣˡ
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ңعͷȥˡ
ȴ˾κˣʶһĦԼӣԲԼȣࡣ
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߻ججظңǰߣӶǲ˸˵뷨
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ٻعʱңѾڳ˺ԶҲװˡ
ţôڵô죿
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ң˵Žӹ߱ϵı
ֻ߱һһڰ·
Ҳû˭ǵı
ҵ߻ȥͰϡ
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ȫ֪Լˣһŷ˫չ̡
Ȼˡ
Լһεȵİɡ
ûɣֻǵӾԱߣҪˣȥϴһϴҧˣҲȥϴһϴ
á˳ȥЩϴɾ
ߺߵûôϴŵҲˡ
ŸˮȽϸɾϴɾȥҪȵ˼ϴһЩ
ͷͬ⡣
ӱߡ
ĵطȻ˵ںӱߣʵһξ룬ںӱߵ󴦡
źߣҵһʯͷȽ϶ĺӱߡ
ʯͷȽ϶ĵطˮȽ峺ϴʱҲһϴʹһƬࡣ
һſ
߷±Ĩ˰Ѻ۾
һ۾Ǳʲôλһ£̲ס۾
㡣
ͦ࣬ǵÿȻյ㡣
ֻǼҸĺӶˮȽƽڴӵ֧ƷԱȽȶȥȥҲǼ֡
߶ˡ
ոһɨȥ̾ܶ϶ǰһ㡣
ôңվŲ
һָǰȺǲǷǳİ
ңһζʱ
˵ʲô㣿
ߣǣǲû̹㣿
̾ǣôĵһ
߶һǰ㻹е񵶡
ɫͱȽϳһȽϱеϤﵶ㣬ֱﵶ
ǡ㣿
Ѱ깣ܾǰԽԽϤ
ǵ㡣
ûԹ㣬ͼƬ

صض࿴ۡ
֮ǰͺ㳤쳣ƣ㲻ͬһ֣ӦҲͬһࡣ
ңһֱǰ㲻ţԣ

ȥץ
ǣҪôץ
ǰĺӿɲСϪ
ĺˮּֿ棬ܡ
˵ôһ׽ˣҲץȡ
߿ңҪǰߣæһץסˣҲǺԣ
θץ
ң˰һѣȥӱߣԼ˼ߵ㹻ĵط͵رһֻĺɫ
߻ûεģѾųɡ
úһѣ̾ʲôʱ򿴼˾˵Σô䡣
磬ôץʱ治ˮȥ
ſ
ңųɵ˺롣
̫ˣСôգֻҪһĳͻܵӰ죬׹|䡣
߽ŵöȭͷˣֻצһպˮˮץ㡣
ңһʾ߽סȻצһףɫ׵ߡ
žž
Ĵһǰһأ
죬ڵƴ˫۾ʮ峺
ۼֿ죬ǰһ磬ٰס㣬ңߺ׽ˣ
ʱûȣģڲݵţƴķȥ
ʶǰһץһ㡣
㻬ﶪҲûץȣֱ֡
ץץŪȥˡ
Ҳ֪ңôץôôȡ
㻹ûץȥңѾץ˵ڶ㣬žžǰ档
̧ͷ
Ӵĺں淭ɣׯµ赸
ֻҪ½ץ㣬һצһӲա
Ĵһ䵽ǰ
һߺܿʰ˰
ûװıȫװˡ
߻عæңˣȻ
Ӵĺž޴ĳ򣬴ͷɹ
ȿ˱װ㣬ŴӰ¡
ھ׵ʱ򣬱Σֱ
ң´˵ʱζӦö´ٹץ
̵裬Ҳܺóԣһۣһ塪˾ʱǵһԷ
߻лزôֿ£ôһץһ㣿
ԼͲС
εʱʵԶûɡ
ӴͷҰͻޣܶණ
ҪǲʲôֲﻹУץ̫Уäץδζա
ң˾Ϳԡ
۾̾Ҳ̫ˣ
ңһЦϴǻȥ
һ֣ϴٶȷǳ졣
һĴͲòУȥ㣬ϴˮĽˢˢ¾ϴɾˡ
ĵطﲢԶܿ죬š
ͰͰһֻˮ
īԺɼĶһͰǵˮŪԺʪ̲סͼ
˾Ͳˡ̧ͷɫ׼ˣͼ˾ȥæŪЩ㣡
һͷͰĴ㣬߽
ң֡
ī濴һۣջĿ⣬ֿһۣջǰסԼĽš
ɱ㣬붼ۣòˡ
һۣĴ|ȣİο
ûʲôࡢƬϴɾʿչƽϣϽƬжΣͿϹ
֮ǰ㲻һǣ߸㣬صظƵ㽴͡
רע׼ϡ
ƵҨһףһɢһнᣬϴɾݡȥȲݺҧϴ
ڹˮӴ󽴣󿪺󣬼еĵϣ㰾ŨרõʳɴеĵϹ˳
õһɫζ΢΢̵͡
߰ýͺ󣬹Ҳˡ
Ӷ˳СĵسеĽƬжΣȻֽˮ
ѩ׵ںϺĽͣٷϽ˿
ң¸ջ
͡
յͣԼְͣڹɿ컯ðݡ
ľӽʯҨʾңÿһЩȻһõ档
һðһζ
ͽȥ̾˿ɫҲǳζ߳𣺡Էˣ
Ƚϼ򵥣һ㣬һҰˣ
һǰԼͬؽ쵽棬һ⡣
ѩ׵ϸۣڿһĨѩ
߽һպ̹ɫʣøˡ
̣߳һš
ڼζûϸϸƷΨһĸоʡ
ʵüķ


96 ո
ơơơ
߼ҵСɽͷмǿ
ңһֻӿȥ
һ۾Ϳֵһһµ
ңڽ, Σߵߣʲô
ͷ, ͷҲֻ̧ջشһ䣬衣
ץ㲻һͲ̫УƯˮһ
ζɴ̳ȥȥ, ֻȡ⣬ŵʯ衣
ֵ·, ܿͰѵһࡣ
ǼһֱԵϰߡ
ҪץһŽ, ˮ죬һѴл, ˱ǡڵ
, ˮһȥֱֽ
ң߹, һζε㡣
˽ˮͺ϶Ҫǰεóԡ϶㣬𽦵, 
ץֻޡ
Ѿˣ
, Եر, ζӦû᲻
ң˵仰, ߹ӹеľƣǹȥԱЪһ
ҲУҰ輷
֮ǰõѾ˽ߺͰˮ
ڹһ࣬һӣ༷һ衣
ЩΣˮﱣ棬ԱһңⱣʱ䳤
˶ܿ졣
ߴ裬ȥޡ
Ŵ򵽵Ļޣǳʡ
߷һ£оֻལȷʵǳ
˿ңֿ˰ҪȻըԣ
ңûüش𣬰ʿˮðܼӵҧ͸ˡ
ըõӺ費һ
Ҫ࣬𽺡
Ҫõ磬̫ܶ飬ҪһУ䣬ųһţըŻۣҧһڣ֭
߶ըҲо飬ܿæ
ǲæһ컹ûڣԶַһֻ񣬰ԭΪīˣҲû⣬һ۾ջĿ⡣
û뵽ֻɽˣ߲ŷֻ񲢲Ǹס
峤ߵǰ̧ͷֻһ䣬Щơ
峤Ĳʣ£Ǽҡ
ʲô£
߿ң
ң޵ƤһۣԼҲ֪
˼򵥵ؽһۡ
߸ˡ
ңҲ֪˵ʲô£ȻǴ£Ϊʲô峤
رΣһϵӣżɽеæ
ңָһԼıӣ˽»ǲ£
üͷһ
Цû£ļ£Ҷ
µ¡
˵
߽Ĺʾը裬Լȥ¡
صعȥңһкȻ¡
һˮʾ˵
µ֮ǰǸһ㵾ֺ;²ˣǶȥˣ⼸첻֪ô£ǵҶͨͨˡ
ɫһҶӳ˷֮⣬ûʲô˵ߵ㣿Ҷг棿
ҡͷûУͻȻƣҶӻʼµһ£֪ô£ȥ
̧ͷɫУڸȥ˾ˣһȥ
ڳæµĲ˳ҲҪһȥ
ǾһҸԡ
û֣ԭ仰֦Ѿ棬ַԭ뷨
ɴڵϻ˼ɽǼҵľѼ򵥻˳ִ˸ͷʾǷȥǱߡ
Էǳ򵥣λܲܿǾ͵ÿλ׵ԡ
ǿԣֵ֪ȥĳطڵġ
ĸɡ
֮ˣķȶߺͰɵһ㶼Ѿ
ĸ˻ص岿䣬ûֱȥ۾ӵأȥֶ
ԶԶɨȥĺɫУֵĸﶼҶӣģǳⶼˡ
ǲ̫ǳƤʵⶼ⣬һء
ͷһݣһɵø졣
ңҲӿٶȣٴηɵǰȥ
䵽ϡ
Ҫϸ쿴Ƕ˺Ȼŵһɴ̱ǵζһ㶣ʩˣ
ţʩķϡ
ʲôϣ
ʱش𣬡Ǵڵࡣ
ߺüûȥԼҵҲ
ʣǲڴˣ¶ѵЩʣ
²⣬ʲôһ
ȻһʩʵʱҪøķϣ·࣬ᵼո󣬶·治õĶر࣬ò
ԸãȻ΢üͷʲôϲŽиķϣ
ϵ֣ζѾ˲á
߶鿴øķϣҲܷŵ̫ҪȻո㿴ꡢꡢ꣬ʩķʶϸ񡣡
һɨȥֻ˺ü
ԱͷʾȻ͸ˡ
ܵһᣬھͿʼ㣬ȥķ϶ڳʱڲҪʩˣһ
ھͻȥˡ
м컹ûڣץʱѷڳӦò̫󣬵ﻺһӦþͻˡ
¸æȥˡ
ʱ֣˻ڡ
峤Уȫˡ
ҿʯǳհߵҪ󣬰ȥķͨͨ˳
˺üأ򳡻
зڳڱ϶ѳһСɽ
ö࣬߿һۣÿֲʣúǺ
ε̾һָ˵ʩˮ⡣
ͷ
һ˺üע
רżʾһᰴߵĽȥ֡
룬ʵ벻ʲô©ĵطʱ»ͷԺ
еķŪãѾˣ϶Ǻζܲˣתͷңȥϴ衣
Ҳȥϴ裬ֻȥһȪ
Ѿ˵ң£Ҳڴǰڣңˡ
߼ҽҲǸտʼֲܶطҲλһûʲô
û뵽ڶʱԼ˺üװ
߾ˣתͷ緹Ĵ˭͵ģ
峤ġ˵һпգٴ˸һ
Ҳ̫˰ɣõô࣬˵ˡ
ͰɣҪǲͣ벻
⵹Ҳǡ
֪峤Ը˵һ䣬ٶ˵ɴӣЩװ״̬
İװǴ͵һװͷҲܴ
߻طɳӹ˸򵥵·װĤɳӡ
󣬿ôװҲһ峤͵ģ
ˣ
ûҲ֪һ͵ģҲ̫ˡǸҰɳӡ
ԱӦһŴл
ŴлһͷתͷֻСǣôͰϷ磬ѩȥˣ
ȴȥӱ
ͷСǶϲ㡣
īÿȥ󣬳ʣīὫ󲿷ιǱһ٣ٴȥ
ϤԼͷСǵϢһۣҲʣתʰߣߣôˣ
ǰ쿴һ˵İŸձϣüɳӣԵȹʱٿʱȡһſԲˡ


97 
, ߺңȥݡ
֮ľ䷱ïĲҲָ׳, , ֻʣһ
ߴãһ, ŵյɹɺ󴢴, ﶬȥιţ
, ķǳ
²˻Ŵݣȥ궬߼ҵĲϲǲòɱԽԼݡ
Ǽţ࣬Ļ, ǰʼɲݣǱ
浽ݣǲɼǣţȥһ, ҲѲ˶¡
˳ȥݵʱ˳㵱Լᡣ
Ȼûͷţм䣬Լĳг
ͷţִһȦ, ͷѾݺӡ
ͷţʧأصظͷţܵӣȻȴÿʱÿ̶á
ڡ
ţǰߣںͼţķ
ţţͿʼ쳤ȥ·ߵݡ
ߺ˺ü, ţ, жᶨĲӼвݡ
תͷң, ֿʼˣҾ˵ͷţӲ㻹š
˵ʱͷţѾڿ·ϵĲݡ
ӣӱñֱյţӵⶼȥһȦţǲΪ
ңӹӣԡ
ᶶһӣţ
û뵽ûпʼһͷţĴ۾תͷһۣӣᡰ衱һԹת
һͷţͬĽҲתͷٿ·ߵĲݡ
ͷţ˲ȹԡ
߶ЦˣͷţͦгϢǣѧ˼ʹ档
ţ޹ؽ衪
߸оͷţֱƣңеӣҾͲסǡ
ңӽЦԱ߿ѵţ
ͷСţֻ飬ԸԶԱȽѱᶥˡ
̧ľͷţƨ|ɣʹöǡ
˴ͷţߡ
紵½ǣĺд˸£ˣôô䣿Ҽǵȥʱֻô°ȹӡ
ң̧ƣļԼ˸λãһһ꣬ȥöࡣ
˵
СҰֲҲֲܿ﷢ѿձȽ»ȽѰ
û뵽˵ȥһ£ǰ׼𣿡
Ѿ׼ˣ䶼ڻʳ˵Ҳİ취Ҫôδ뵽ȥ
ΪֻǾãû뵽Ϊ׼죬ֲôôڿ죬ڿ쵽ǵķ񡣡
ձɣûΪԺ󷢳뷨
󲿷˹һһ죬ٵͷ취
ͨ˵峤δѵˣȻǲĵҲޡ
ʣȥûвܴԵʱ򣿡
ȥô䣬ѩһûµʮΣҲûϣȷʵûдģЪ
ɽסҲࣿ
˵ʱ򣬰۾⿴һӰ
ʶ̧ͷϸ
ôߵգؿΣϵӦ˻ˡ
ֻκǰҪһЩҲûβ
ţ
ͣסŲ̧ͷա
ǰأˣ˭
ѵϮ
ߵɫһ
ңҲ̧ͷ
ײһ£ܿ𣿡
̡
ʱộȵȣﲻǳƶƫƧ̶ôộ
ң۾ߣȥһǡ
˵ʱϵƺҲǡ
Ϊ׵Ǵ񡰸¡һͬ鸩¡
ϤɫЩ΢
סң󣬡ȵȣҺ֪ˡ
һѼӵĸ¸½У̹ĿС
λر𲻻˵ұʾطƫԶ
ôˣ
һ½ر죬գۼ䵽˵ϡ
ǹȻһ졣
ǽʱ˳ŵĲǰ죬ʸڲͬ
߷Ǳûб𣬶ǱһĶ
ǱεʱȻȻشڵϡ
Ĺңװ˲ٺö
ĿһԴȼ˳ֵĺġ
һӴѾˡ
ĳͰûʲôͬĴȴһͷɫͷ˳עĿǣǾȻÿһͷΡ
Ϊͷź챦ʯͷΣ֪ʲô֯ɵ·ϵЬӶʱʹˣһΣԵøŵ塣
Ϊȴкԣ˵ã˾˼ߣһ峤ơ
ߴ˴ֱۣĵᡰһ
ңף峤Ҫҳˣ
רǡ˵ǣ޲ڣص˳ƹ
ʣ⣿ϧûʲô飬²ǵ⡣
û飬ȤС⣬𣿡ƵĿǰ治ԶͷţϣҰޣҼǵǰʱǲ仹ûҰޣ
ңͷȷʵѱ·ҲûʲôдǵĶȥ岿䣬ǵȻ͹
ƿŰߣ˵ߵļǸвĽ֪ȥιһ£
ߣײιۿ϶ԣҪöˡ
һЦ˵ϰˣǲײιۣҪʲôǿ֮
ʣ𣿡
ϵЦһ١
͹ϸ֪ʲô
мֵĽ֮һιһӾҪȥδҲ̫ˡ
ƣֵûɹǲ⣿ǶеĵãǲĻԹȥǿ
߼Ҳܲ⡢Сˮźһϵ
Ǽһͷǡ
Щ㱩¶
οǼҵҲû⡣
¢ָ׳ľѱĴĴָ֣òָ
ҡͷΪֵúܺãһЩ
˫Ǹ⣬û̫˱ӣ֪ҪʲôȻȿ
ƻ֣ŵǰ
ŸָƤӣƤӵľŸɫ˿ߣ쳣
һóʮӷŵǰЩӣֳԳԵĹӡ
û뵽ôļ졣
ҵõ֣
ߵĿһһɨЩӣ¿ˮɫʣҿԿ𣿡
˸ƣȻԣ⡣
߿ңһۣûзԵ˼ùһƤӡ
ƤԲµµĺɫӣСĵ˼ģִսţŵһɵľζ
ֲһ⼸ӣľӣ
ЦһֹӣܽĹӱƤɫĹ𣬱ȳۻóԡ
ߣжߣǶ٣ĵطûר
ƣŸһߣӦòڱĲ
˵ô
̧ͷһۣڱĵطרмֵר֡
ưڰ֣ǸĲҰͺܶ࣬ǳԶԲ꣬òȥ֡
ԽоԽףɵؿһۣӣȥڶ֡
ڶӦҲ֣ӺܴӲӲĿǡ
ֻ֡
߿һ̴Уʮоֶ֡
Щûˡ
˵䣬ǲڣҰҲ԰ټơ
󲿷ҰĹζôͷСܵʳԣҪȻθ׷ᡣ
ƴĲֻ֡
߻ʶһ֡
ƽƽҰˣζɬʹѵóԣƽʱҲԣǳԵòࡣ
֮⣬ǸƷͷʯ顢ľͷƥÿһֶƯƲ۾
ڰ߿Ʒʱǵӿ𽾰ı顣
Ʒ
߹Щֻ˳ģǶصŪһЩֺ֡
ЩʧֻЩƷǾûıҪˡ
㲻ϲǴӣ
ˡֱԣǴӸûʲôôȥҲֻǰ׷Ѿ
ǿɲһ㻹ûмЩ֣мĺܲ
ҲҪܼ֮ӡ
ƶŰߵ
ңؿһۣҪڡ
˼ңررѹۣǴųôԶĵط⣬ʲôҪ󲻷ֱ˵ܰ쵽Ҷúÿǡ
ƨԡ
̾һΪҲг⣬ֻȷʵǵƷôȤǵȫƷ˵ðĻǻϵƷ
Ȼ㲻ϵƷҲǻ࿴
ߺңһۡ
ңԼ
룬ԣһᣬȥ


98 
ңԭؿȺ, ؼҰѴ̻Ķȫ
˵ºҲһ
ֵıװŸָĺöɳࡢ
Լĺö
ǽĵɫһڱ, Ө͸, ̵ɫһˮ
ȱʯ
飬͸, õһ뵽üƷ, ֶˡ
ǰߺķ
ڵһƷ, ķϸ˺ܶ࣬ģеʻ·
Щ컯õݷÿһ鶼˵ƴδڱĵطŵôζ
ƵĿ֮ϣŲۡ
˱ԣƴƶϲ, Ȼֺ޲õϸϸ, ˡ
վԱЦЦؿ
һı, ֪ѾµԼġ
εذ̾һ, ʵϸ𣿡
˸ƣȻ, ر𽿹ʱСġ
Ƶͷ, ˫Ųȥϸ˺ܾá
õЩͷ, ҲʼŲŽŲ, ˽
̾², ʨ忴, ǵĥ˲Ʒ, ǳƯ, ʱǻš
߿һۡ
һ˵ǶУôţ
иõѡ
Ц⣬ɴŲƺʲôҲû˵
߼һۣջĿ⣬ʨĲҲǽ̵ġ
ѹ֡ǵĲǵЩ񣬵ûǵĲÿǻжֲǽһЩ
ߴҶ֮ǰóĶǺܸȤǻбĶ𣿡
С
ƿȤƷҲҴţŰߵ棬չʾĽӡ
չʾ˺ü߲ӣֻǰһϤӶûҲЩ߲˾᳤ʲôòóԣȥ㣿
߲̫Ȥ
б뷨
ϸϸܡ
ʮǿÿһƷ˵еޡ
Աţ۾ˣһ޲øϽƷ飬ͲûдϡĶ֡
֪ΪʲôԸôˡ
ֹϴ|ˣ
ĶĶûԽԼϰߡ
Ա˵˰죬˵ͷɣһƷûȥ
ϵЦе㽩¿ߣߣΣ
Ҿǽ͵õʵڵĶ
Цݡ
ЦʱϱЩ࣬Щϣʣ뻻ʲô
ңԱɨһۡ
ƽյӲϵıһЩ㲻ֱ˵ҪǿԵĻ
ЦЦǡ
ĿڵƺļλתһȦֽĿͣڵϣϵ·ܺÿ
⻰ġ
ϵ·ԱǺһأʵ߶ƺϸϸĹâǳÿ
¶Цݣ뻻·ð죬Ǵ˼·㿴Ҫף
˵Ŷһ£ͷܸߣҲܺãӦá
ң΢üͷ
æҲʺϼ˾˵·Ȼλ˵·ҲУ뻻Ļԡһ鲣ǾͿԸǻһס
ߵҲ뻻·
뻻ʲô
·Ĳϡ
Ҳԣûд·ĲϣҪĻ´ιʱ򣬿ԸһЩ
ұ󣬻һ˵뻻·ϵԴǵ·ǲֲĹʵƳɣҪֲӡ
߸ոϸǵ·ʸУӦòǲ˿ȶơ
ȻֲϣǾһӡ
Ҫӡ
û뵽뻻ľȻһ£¶ԥ顣
һ֪ӣ¶Цݡ
߻˸ƣԱ߾ŵƵľ
ԥƬ̣һҧԡ
峤ʧڲͬ
ҧҲԡ
һ̲ס廰ǲǻҪ·ȥ任ҪҲ·
ôһһҲ֪ʵУǱݣԴﵽ̧۵Ŀġ
ߵ̣Ȼ·ֲƳɣǲԺпգǳȥתһȦҲҵõֲ
ֵҲ·òƲǲ
ԱֱۣչʾԼϵ·
ߺңĶԭɫ·ȫװףۡ
·ࡣ
һѣںڶɫĲ˱ߣǰػ̶һСظɻװΡ
ǳɫҲǳƯĵ˻ʮ㡣
˵ĿⶼԼϣ̧ԴԽ
»·ɻ¶ȥģ滹зζÿֺš
̿ϴ·֮󣬱Ȼ˱䡣
·ȷʵϵ·һֻ߲ͬķ
ߵҪǲĻ̸İɡ
뻻Ķ
룬˵
Ʋ۵ضŰߣ뻻켼
¶ȻɫЦһ£ԡ
̫ɴˣƵһ㶣Ҫӣ
ߣò켼ܻӣ
ߣȻصһˣ˵ǶǵĶȤԺ˵Ļᣬ˵ʵڵ֣Ҳּۻˡ
Щûּ̫ۻۡ˼ܿᡣ
ǵ·һֽвĹӳ˿ƣһ겼ܽӣһ·겼͹ˡҸǧöӣ߼·ô
룬ͷɽ
ƵһСһСϳĺɫ˿ߺӵһ鲼ϡ
ǺںɫӲҲܱͷѲ
󣬱ӵһţŵӵĿɬζӻͦʡ
ʣǻֲ𣿻ǾȥҰժ
Ұⲻÿ궼һЩҲ˸һЩԺҪ˳Իǡ
ģʽѽ
߲ؿһۣû뵽ôͿʼˡ
ʣЩʲôȥֵʱûʲôҪرעĵط
ھͿ֡һǵİ֣֮ûʲôҪرע⣬ǽˮУ¾ջ񡣵Ȳѿˣ¶ǾͿ԰Ѳջ
Ƽֲע޾ϸؽһ顣
߸ܵĳ⣬ϸ꣬˼ϸڣٴȷϡ
˫꣬˵Ƚϸӣ̫û취ϸ˵ҪȻסһ죬Ҹʾһ飿мϸڿ˵̫
̵ͷãϸ˵
ЦǽϢȥˣܲܰǰŵȥ
鷳ˡ
ﶼܻӭ߰ϢººܿӦס
̵ĶܸȤϻصػزס˳ǻһЩ
Ĳ˵ǴƷĺÿ
˻ˣƷһַǳ
ŻܵĶ࣬ñʯͷ˰Ʒ治ͱʯƵƷļҵ׶Ϳˡ
ʱЦ۾ûˣһŰߺʹҪǿ
ǵļȷʵտҲá
߿һۣ̾һĪĹâ
ңԱ߹ΪĶ
ȰʹȥоƷңߵԱߣҪĻҲȥһЩ
˶٣ңһ׻ɫƷƯƲţӦûó
Ҿ̾һûȤ
СҶ࿴ֻΪ̫ܻӭԺҪǳȥ̣ҲƷ˻ҼöƯƣԺ˵̴̨ܸ


99 
ʵ̫ƽ
̵ĵò˲̸ʡ
˵, ۾Ĺһ´ȻǳϲӳúÿŴƷ̡
ڱŴһҵ, а̾һ
ҲڼĻȽ, ԺĻ, ЩҲʲôˡ
һÿģҲö˵ʲô
ֻһЩƤëʯ飬رмֵ˾ͻˡ
վһߵȡ
̻ڸ˵, Եѷᡣ
ҪһЩ˵
һʯͷԱߵңһۣתƣûôȥҪˡ
̾л˵, ºЦһͷȻ󳯰
һﲻ, ǿȸɣ
ߺɸֵؿСǳԵ񣬴ںӱҤߡ
ӥȥ궬һ̿ûô, Ҳûұʲô, ̿һֱ, ûϡ
ڵãٶ⶯֡
Ʋ£ǵ̬ࡣ
̬ȲôУ˵û˽, ռĳɳѡ, ٵľ̿Ҫ, ÿһ涼˵һ
һ̫, °߾˵ϸһʱҲǲס
ΧСҤ¯м䣬һдʵؼŲ衣
ƻר˿Ƥľ̿Ƥдд衰д
֡дһּʻ
ˣõƤãصϢ
߿ƤʱЩ̾
֣Ҫּʻв
ֻǲ֪ʲôӡ
᲻űž͸ϱƣ
ͷ΢
˲֪ǿԳᣬϱӵƹ㡣
ȫһģһֻҪϱӵĴģУҲ
߸棬ԽԽ
ңԱһ¡
ָƤһ飬ɴ۾͵ؿ
ң񣬲ˡ
˲Ƿ񣬶һѷΧСҤ¯ϣӶ¿
ɳˣʣ
ҿɫҲܺÿ
һСҤ¯֪ܲճ
ʰü飬廰գ϶ûдҤճôãͬҤҲղֻûСҤôÿ״
Ѿ˽Ը⣬гֹߺʹܡ
ֻ֪ʶ㣬߲Ըƽ޹ʵظˡ
˿鲣Ѿǳ
һָŵµĲǲǿóˣ
߿һۣˣóŵȻ߷ŵˮд𶼿ԣͬΪͬĽǻȥ֮о
СҤ۵Ĳ࣬ưЩֳݣһݷŵȻһݷŵˮ
鲣û̫ĲȻƶһ㣬Ҳɫ
鲣ճǵɫ
֪ԭϲŻֺޣ벻ôᴿԭϣֻʱš
߶˵к֣ܶͬطɳճĲɫ֪ܲͬкɫɫɫ͸
һȲشǲǸʯɫһ״ҲŪɱʯ״ɣ
ˣд⡣
͵ؿһۣҲ֪ҪôŪɫǸȤĻԼоԡɫҲԼо״
۷⡣
Ǳ˴˶ӣǼ
Ϊ˵ޱһղ󣬾ζʲô
ܺͱʯȵĲ
±ȱʯһ㣬ʯôණҲٰܻɣ
ʯôңôಿ䣬һıʯҲôʮš
ƲļǲҪپն٣
ʱܻ鰡
һ˴æϣƲҪŪˡ
ߺңǻ岿Ϣ
Ҫֱʱ򣬵ƽסߣߣϻûзٻ㡣
üͷһУҪʲô
õı
ҶЩȤߴġ
ƣأ
ߵӿԣһӣѡ
Щʧܻٷ
ѾװױʾǵӲ̫Ȥ
Ӳ̫Ȥ
ֻǶݵദһ࣬ƶ԰ߵԸѾ˽⡣
˸ϲЩʵĶ뻻ķһʵʵٻ
γϵغ˵жӣһٿֻҪȷЩ﷢ѿС
û⣬Ӷ﷢ѿһתҿǵķȽ϶֪࣬벻뻻
ô뻻طˣ
̣Ӿ
߿һۣԺҲҪˣǵƷöٶҶ
Ʊһھܾʵɳ䷽ʳﲻñ棬ܲҲȥ˽ɣ
ԣҪʲô
⡭
ûʲôöˡ
԰߶ԣмֵĲѾ˳ֻ˷
ϡ·Ʒ飬߶Ȥ
ƿߡ
ϴŵЦ⣬ͷһ֪ض˱ʲôһת뻻ʲô㲻˵ܻҶ㻻
ڽô̵ã״ĵ˵ĿģҪһڽ뻻ʲôúڽɣֻҪ㹻ĺڽʲôԡ
û뵽뻻
צǳǶԣڽô̫
һǽװƷӶࡣ
ƵӥƵСʹӣû̫ϡ
ڽܺңҪռͺ鷳ˡ
룬߱վңߣĵصľ
ƳɵԵǿԣֻǵĺڽҲ࣬Ҫ٣
ɳӵĻһͷţôĺڽͿˡ
٣ˣվֱֱڳһҪļƣǽɳ˲Ҫʣô˾Ҫôࣿ
ǿɲһȲ˵ҵ壬һֻǻɳҪĿɳӡɳ֮ʱضɳܴɳȥĲ䶵ۣѵ㣿
ɣҲ̫ˣƼҪǸҵõôڽ𡣡
ƫͷһ£ҵ٣
ƾǼСǵôࡣ
üͷô٣ˣǵһķϣһͷСôĺڽҲУǽڽʱҪСʱ㡣
ҲС
ƴӦ־ﲻԾ
̧ͷǸΪѵӣܾԼˡ
һʱ䣬Ǿᡣ
ֱػӣֲԸˣԸˡ
ǵҲûвԸ⡣ƴò鲻Ըڽǰɣǳ˺ڽ֮⣬Ҫʲô
ĿǰֻҪڽӵĻÿʲôӡ
⽨ԺڽΪĵĳϵٴǿʲôʱǴڽ϶ܻͲһˡ
аɣ֪ˡ
Ӧ̲꣬ס̧ͷֿһۣ죬ʲôã鰮ڽÿôࡣ


100 ͷ
˺ͰԼúСǵĺڽɳ, СԽԽ󣬹˲Ϣͷˡ
Լҵɳò, , ż߶, ǵɳôãôǣʵڱˡ
ҲˣǿǺڽ𡣡ͷҲ̧, ϷӶǣɳзѽ꽴ƶ֥齴ƽҪȥĻһ䷽, һµĽá
ټ, Լ©ʲôҪȻôûף
ǸĶʲô
̧ͷ, һãȻػӡ
վڲԶң, ̧ͷ˰һۡ
˶֪ǰϱӴĽϡ
Ƕ˵ܡ
߶˶, ǲҪкུܶϡ
ɳһóԣ
ɳóԡΪ˶סĻæһ˵ڣûв, ˲ٸ
ô֪Щóԣ
֪ġ
ССط˸ۡ
ֻҪ˵仰, ǵĶԻͽвȥˡ
ͨ, ʹڽ
߼̾ٶȺÿ죡Ǵ廻ĺڽʨںûкڽ𡣡
һ, ڲܣǲҪϹ
УͲڽȥǼҵСǴ
߼ͷСǣϷͰѩڶѾ󣬸߶ȵ˰ߵĴ|ȣԶԶһƥСԡ
ͷСһһĸͷ
صǣԽСİѩ
ϵһЩըëǼҵСôǲǳȥ´һͷǹ
ܰѿĶŵƵըëҲףЩ飬ȥĸǹ
ѩƺ˵ƵĻɣ죬Ҫҧ
ƽͷСǿֿܿ϶˵Ǽǰʱûô󣬶̶̼ôô죿֪ǣҲԶǸò´һֻɣ
໡оƵİѩһҪҧƣۼֿһѱסĲӡ
ѩڰߵĻ໽ǲ
סĲӣڳȥ
ѩڰ߻쳤ͷԼıӡ
εضǵģǾǼ֮ǰСǣһصظǣԽСİѩ
Ա߰ǻǣҪʵڲţҰϷǣϷͻڽ𣿡
ҲܹҲŰɣǿһȦ
Ϊһ̣ƼԼܿ
ȥⶼ˳˳ˮǵһοѲĺ
Ҫ˵СֶΣҲܣ
߿˻İѩһۡ
ڵİѩȷʵһһӲҪ˵ÿ졪
룬Ϊǰϴ˸裬ǵëñȽɡ
ϴ裿
ԣǲǴﻻ÷ˮϴǵëɣö࣬ö˻ë
ߵǹֻСϴ衣
ȣֻС˹ӵĻϰߣʵû취ֻСǣŸϴ˸衣
ϸϸһְϷǣǿǿ
˫հѩͽ˺ڽ
ҲҴţɳõʵ
̣ʹͰɶڱܷΧڣҪĻúڽ𻻡
ڽѵã̻ɳѾ۵òУٻ
Ǽţǵļʶ㣬ֻҪȥооо
ʮẓ́ӭ´ֻҪкڽ𣬹ʱԶܻӭ
æˡ
Ǻܵһ㣬ԼëҪ¼
߿ڰҹģƵضң˵ò̫ɹ
Ķͦࣿ
û´Ρ
Щ̾˿˵ڱͦҪġ
ˡ
̫ٷ֮ٵ棬ǿ²ٹ⡣
Ҫٷ֮ٵ棬־Լˡ
Իǵ´ٽɡ
µõôڽ𣬰ߵڶͱȥӥˣڽɹߡ
Ǽһȱ˵ӡҺһϵйߣڽ꣬ӦþͲˡ
ӥһСͺڽӹء
Ŵӵߵ壬Ҳ󣬸ֺֿãԸ̤ʵ
ÿεõºڽʱϲȥǡ
ӥ˴ӲհߵĶȥǴɳͷ
ıﻹѬ⡢ҶƤǸġ
ӥڰںʽΪ£ӥ嶨ӡ
ߵλ֣ӥ˽Ϊ˰£Ҳӥ嶨ӡ
ǵԵϵûаϱӵԵϵôܡ
֪λ֣˵ҲܵΪ˫е
ǵ̫ͬ˲ʮ껹ͦ
߽ڽɳͷӥӹˣȻȥ
߷ǳˣϵı鶼ˣʱæʲôôϿ㣿
Ƚ϶࣬Щ߲ҲΪµõһЩڽҪӥ˰æӹпոϹ
ǰתͷһ£ôһˣأ
ǲɼĶñȽ磬Ҫһ㣬Ҳȥˡ
ǻͦæµﴢʳﹻ𣿲´θ㡣
ǹ뽨ӣöഢһЩʳæʱ򣬲ŲȥԺͲɼ
Ϣ⣬Ҳ׼ӣѾʼɼʯͷ
ЦؿʲôҲ׼ӣԼˡ
ߵһ̧°ͣҵķͽˡ
ֵһۣжЦ
Цȥ껹ȥ̲ҵʯͷôһ͹ȥˡ
Щ졣ҺҲŬȡĩѷӽ
˵£Щ㡪ߴӱѴóѬ⡢ƤҶ
һ£ؿĲҶʲôŻ㡣
ˮһҶӣȼξ֪ˣһȣϿܻ˯š
仰֪뵽ȥˣðΡ
߿ɫһ£붮
û˯ţǻʲô
ٺһЦҽԡʲôɺܶ࣬㲻صظҴɡ
ҷһ²ϣζǳر𣬲֪ϲϲҪϲĻ´ٸǶһ㡣
תͷۣ˵ˣҪӣʯͷҪҪҹæ
áҵ˲ٺڽǸӡӸǥӶܺá
ͺܴй֮Чȷʵᷭȷû֮󣬲ٶʡ
߻Ҫ죬߸תɻؼҡ
ӵӥڴԺͲɼɣڷɻȥ·ϣɴһ·ɣһ·ѰʳȻصңպðѱװ
̫ſ硣
߽ɼֲóϴϴɹɹ
ɵľرࡣ
һ־ɹɸɣһְߴͳԵ
ﻹһ档
ǰЩʱµġ
棬оζѾȽŨأٲԾҪˡ
ýɵôߴоӡ
ܷźü죬죬ҪǲͿӳԡ
һڳæ
ֽżΪҲòű˴֡
ϴСо⣬ˢˢ£ˡ
Ϊ˲̫ϲԽ߽飬㼷һ㽪֭ǿȥȡ
ڳ۵۵æţͻȻһĳ
߶ԼĳϤ͸ϤŲһһĳ֪ԼˣҲң
Щ棬̽ͷȥһȴһֻ޴ġ׺һ
壿
ƣôߣ
ҪҲӦȥɽң
ãȴк
ֻȴһأ̱ΣϵһãŸõЦƨƨߵشսߣߣþò
ϳѰô㣿
Щ⡣
Ѱһظ˴Ū˹ңһʱ䡣
߾ʱʶ
Ѱ˺ߴʷʲݡ
߶۸вкҽһرʳȻ㳢
ҾͲˣûʲôҪæĵط
ãԺϢһ¡ˣʲô°
﷢һֵ֣һ־òУ峤Ҵ˾˿һ
һǹ£òջĿ⣬ܳȥԻûԵһ¡
Ҳ£ûصȹ㡣
ûȥɽϿ
ȸкٹȥѰ˼Դھ͹ȥɡ
߿ȣ֣ãҲУҽһ
У˾𣿡
ܲУСߡ
һЦӳĴ̨óһӡ
ӻϱӵľ飬ϸϸңһ£ңĲ
ңڻǼһԷÿηҪȥʵ̫鷳߱ŪӣҪңʱ򣬴һӣңˡ
ѰûмֶҲ֪ӵôͷˮؿŰߴɽԵңڵɽӡ
صɽл졣
ѰԾŴˣͿɽǱߡ
Ƭ̺ɽһ޴Ӱң
ңųɹ˲Ϣ֮䣬ɵ˰߼ҵɽͷ
ң£򣬴Ӱ
۾ңԭڼҡ
ڼҩģ쳹׹ȥҿȱʲôֻдеҩģץʱȥժһ
㺰һȥ⼸Ҳпա
˵˼仰ңпעѰ
ѰǺңк˾ˡ
ңףǲ
ѰͷҷɵñȽϿ죬峤ҷһˡ
߲廰˵֣쿴
˵ţЩضѰ˵ôô˺ܿɣǺͼ˾Ľʽ
ѰɫЩˣͰ͵ӦһǣǺܣܿ졣
ңѰһۣ˰ߵһ£ŵζˣʲô
ӡﻹһ棬ٲõ˷ˣɴ෢˵ӣȻŵӡ
˫֫嶯Ƚ϶࣬ҲûңﲻԣԱߵѰɫְһ֡
ңɫؿѰһۣʲô֣ù
ڣѰűؿ˿ߺ󣬲Űѱ𽻸ң־մ˵ϻƤ췢˾Сġ
ңԹܳ𣿡
Ѱҡҡͷԡ˵ľ飬оܳԣǹʼ˾ˡгӸҳࡣ
ңͷǾпܳԡ
ߴչԴ뿴صľ鵽ʲô
ֻһۣ;ɫĴͷϤС붼졣
ȵⲻͷ𣿿𣿡
ѰŵСģĹƤ
ߣֻ֪ҪմҺû¡
ͷСĵҿ
ͷںɫͷޡͷҪһ㡣
ҰľôѾǴͷˡ
Сشչȥš
ͷζ̫˽⣬Ҳûųǲϱӵͷ
֣Ӧþͷˡ
߿Ѱľоһ𣿡
Ѱͷԡ峤ҴǸУо
Ѱ˵峤ǽ˾æֻҪ˾ͬͿԡ
߿ң
ңͷСһ㣬ҪŪƤϡ
һСģߣǽ
Ѱֻһͷ
һƤţСͷıƤ
ͷϱӼͷǲһһͷԴܶ࣬Ū˵ƤĻˣͻصĺ
ôãѾʶʲô鶼ƾ顣
ͷƤǻҰɫ⣬ŵɫС㣬ϱӵͷˣҲһ
˿չ̨ϵչȻˮͷ飬ʼ
ͷҪһʱ䣬ͷԱߣɴ
֮ǰ϶ѾкðãֻƤϰͿԣһȽϼ򵥣ߵĶܿ졣
ңͷĹѰԼ߹ȥԱ߰æ
ңӵļҲѾˣԱãŲһλá
֣ʮָɣϰװֵİӶһһ
߿Űϵİӣǳгɾ͸С
Ȱʮ֮ȥʯǱ׼ӡ
ӵʱ
һرΣ̲סﺰ㰡ʲôóԵģ
ӡ̽ͷѰǴһ¶磬ȥзǱץһֻѼӹҵѼһ¶ɲԳԡ
ûȣֱʹҪȥз֣һ¶òóԣҪǲóԵĻȻҲüҳӡ
ͦóԡӻûãǾҪû졪
ûپԲľȻֶӵ¼
Ǿͷһݣڰ֣ȥˡ
зǼҲǺԶɵֿ죬һץһֻ¸½еĴѼӻ
Ҫ¶ȷûֻѼӶҲǵĶ
صһֻȽϷʵĴѼӡ
ҧѼζһſˮϿ԰ϡ
ѼˡѼӴȽȥ֮ŷڻŻѰһ㻹ûȥ
޴ڸеѰ̧ͷЦЦЦʮǿ
ߣֿѰµʲô¶ͬ顣
߲֪ڴʲô棬ѼˣæȡһιѼˡ
ң
߸ȥߣңѲ½ߣȥ
ѰԱ߿ţеĹˡ


101 Ʒ
ͷж, صؽͷ飬Ѽӱιһ١
ιѼӵȰ, ˩ںԺ, ۲졣
ǼҺֵӶֻˡ
³ҶñȥȥĺҪ󣬻³˺ü֦
һ, Ҷɳɳ졣
ֻӣѾֵζ
ߵڶһ𴲾ȥӺ濴ǼҵѼӡ
Ѽñû, ¸½ţƴȶ
ѼϵĲݾѾһ룬һ, æǰ
Ѽӵʶˣû̫ţ˼³򣬲
ˣͷȫѼˣѼʱ, Щס
л, ϵͷû߶ֵ±ȶ컹Ѽ, һ, 쿴
¸¸£
ߡŹǷǰԺ߹, ̽ͷ, Ѽû, Գ𣿡
ôϼų˼ң
þûˣ˻ѼӰãôң
մսѼ쳤Ӹ¸½ţ߶
ۼֿ죬ѼӵĲӣһѰ˻
Ѽһۣ죬ץһΣôǳǸҪԵˡ
첻ԣٹ۲һ죬ûĻԡ
㲻Ǻͼ˾Լãȥ壬ü𣿡
ʲô·Ϸɿһ㡣
볤ľͦԶ
ңԼһ˷ɹȥһԷɵϰߵĻ˵÷졣
Ҳû£·Ϸɿһ㡣
ôһ˵һתǰŲŲߣ¡
裬ԱŲŲлֱ˵
ʲô飿ҾʣҪȥĻɲԴһ𣿡
ǲʲôҪ죿
ȥұ֤ǳȥʱ򲻲ɼĶ
⡪µң
Ҫͬˣ˾˰˳ɲᷴԣ
߾ôҲûʲô
ң
ңͬˡ
ǹ۲ֻѼ죬ѼӻǼҳԺúȺãûаҪҵļ
߷ʰ׼ȥ塣
ȥ֮ǰȰֻ۲Ѽˡ
ͷѼӣ滹ҧʹ󽴣ѼɹѼζ࣬ôһֻѼӣһ˳ԵͷҲ̧
ѼţѼóԣ½Ҫ·ԲʲôöҲˡ
ֱ߱˭˵·ͳԲöǻĢ·ϿĢбٴʣµİӣʳã
ң·ȥԣԳԿ⡣⽴Ҳ
ʳһ´ӿиҰͣ۾ˣǻԴ̣ٴ·̲ȣ
һ߶ʵҪȻҺǰ·ϳԵôãڼҲûʲô˼
ԴӼʳĶ֮󣬰߱ŷóԵġ
ǳʱ򣬻ʳûﵽҰ͵ļζȴҲ
ٲڼҵʱԵò
ŷˣÿγԷʱﶼҪҸظ̾һ䣺һûа׳
ȥ;ɽ·Զ·ϳԵúǺãҲۡ
ôˣҲֻǲݲϴţ˯ˡ
Ƿ|͸ϵʱһ
˻Ѿˡ
ͰЩƣǽڿյϡ
ǲ忿ůʪ󣬺Ҳ࣬ǵ˴װΡ
Щıʰ쵣ƴɸָͼ̶Ѳ棬ǳиɫҲǳƯ
˳;һֱţĽ
߶װβ̫ȤҲŲۡ
峤Ԩһߴˡ
شŰߺͰιۣϲǵװΣص˰һƯıǡ
˵òУյм䣬һ͸ǻˡ
ߺңæõ࣬õ׽򻹲簶õʮ֮һ
߿Űˮģĵﰵҡҡͷ
ңȻǽ˲š
ԨǵͷԶ𣿡
ԭⶫͷǲܳԣԨ²Żشߵ⣬ͷ¶ɽı棬ͦԶҪȻҲŷ֡
ߣܳԣζͦԶĻȥ
ԨЦ㲻˵Ҳͼ˾˹ȥҪͷжεʵ̫ˡ
߿Ԩյı飬ʶ׷ʵ̫ж죿
ȥ껹ûз֣ȥʱͷѾɽȣɽϪ߶ˡ
ôࣿǲΪȥûнɽȥ˲ſ˵Ѿɽﳤ˺öꡣ
ҲпܡﳤһƬͼ˾һȥ
˫Լá
ԨŰٰס¡
Ԩʣ׼𣿡
ԡЦǶסޡ
ãǾһͼ˾סСһİסصػµĸɲݣ֤ů
Ԩ˵һָָ߿
߿ϵЦݽסˡ
ң˹ϵǲһס
ڻܴ࣬ϲ˯һ
Ǹ߽סԨҺͼ˾ˡ
Ԩգգ۾ˬЦǷģǻרѣƽʱǲߣҲû˻ŵǡ
ǡ
ˣǲǰס￿̫Ұŵһط˯
סԣ

߿Ԩ|飬оԼˮҲϴˡ
˺ü죬֪Ҫô͡
ң˰һ£ԣͺãû
ãȥôˡ
Ԩߺң԰ߵҺͰһ£ǲ
š߻Ť̫ˡ
ңЦһû
˴飬Ҳ
ǵ˸ָ㡣
㡢㡢㡢ƬÿһǳɫԵðߺͰ޲ڡ
һ㻹˰͵ĺζ΢㣬򼫼ѡ
صظ̽һļ˫оǳջ
Ե̣ΧŸ裬ӭԶĿˡ
ϲڣôҶĨ죬վͳ˻
¸·ϵúۣȵ浽
˯ǰֵڳ˵Ĵ£ȥϴ衣
˷ǳϲǵݷϲ˵ɺ顣
˫ֽһ
Ȼȥ˯ʱ򣬰·޲һQ޳ĸֺá
ö䶼ˣ´ٴ˯
ߴˣ˵סСһѡ
ûߴ˯
Ǽ˾ˡ
һ˯
˻ǳˣ
߳ССط˸ۣҺңʲôֲǲ֪ʲôʱ˯һˣ
ⲻΪǸţǲ㣿ߣˣСȥͼ˾˯ҲǸġұﻹ͡
ȥֱס졣
סˣСЦЦӰߵﴫ
ߴ¶ĲȫˣǺÿҪѪ
ֵⳡսռϷ磬ȴǱǸ
תͷǵĶԻ˭
˭֪ʲôʲô
ңпѱߣǡ
׿ԽðؿеЦ⡣
˿϶ˣ
߸Ӿȣ֪Ҫá
˶һۣңվæ
Ĳӣץסĸ첲͵ЦУһˡ
ңݸ
Ѫա
˯ǰòһѣû㹻Ŀռ磽⣬ֻܴǹշתࡣ
ڶʱ۵׵ĺȦŨպīȥһ˫ƤǱ㣬廹ֿ
Ϊ֮һ㶼֪ϾʲôŵĺȦֻЦ
һʵҪҪ극˯һ᣿
߿һԼԺת˺ܾõңϽƿĿ⣬˯ţ˯
ңС飬Цһĺӣڻȥ˯Ҳûϵ岻˵ʲô
ˡ˵̫롣
ңЦ
򵥳˸ͺ󣬳峤Ԩȥ¶ɽ
¶ɽڳصıԵǵĲǳԶĸ˷˴죬չ磬ڷɵͷڵɽȸ
ûпɽȵʱ򣬰ѾϪϡϡ硣
ͷҶʮɫԲԲܹ⻬ҶЩ񣬵Ҷм᰼ȥ
һۿȥϳҶӡ
硣
߳Ԩһʾ¡
ԨûͣӦð߼ɡ
ַһӹȿڷɽɽȡ
߿ɽȵĵһۣ˾;ˡ
ɽȴôɽһƬ̣мһϪƵ
ϪҶɽûɫ
ҲǱ̣ͷҶӡ
ɽ鳤ͷ
ЩͷҶӸ߸ߵ͵͵ɽоţ߿ĵһۣ֡Ҷ̡ĸо
̫ˣͷȻô࣡
߳ԾͶϲϣ˷ɡ
һ࣬ÿ춼ȥɼ
ɼʱֲҶʵŲɹ
ÿζҪѲʱ;ܽǵһοôɲɵʳﳤһ
ɽȼֱɽȣͷĲֿ⣡
ĶͰ
۶Ǹжһౣ
ԨͦţǷȥ
˱Ρ
һ·Ȳ˵ͷҲ̫ˣǽճģһ֮ǰﳤţûпһֱûڡ
ܣ֮ǰ߷ɡԨЦֱԣ
ͷԣҶͷµͷʲôһ
ԨЦ㾡ڡ
ҲӱóͷԨͷ
һæ
߽ͷ֪Щͷ¶ˮ
ɽȾȻһƬѹЩͷôã
һ֣ͷһһ
µͷеĴеС
еͷֻйһ
еͷϳ˺üСĶ䡣
߽С
ϵĺҲǻҰɫеɫĵ㡣
ŵӵһţ߸оͷеǹɬζ
ĸһ֣˴죬ֻɽȵһС䡣
ǰͷľѺҶӸͷװ
ԨʣǲֻܳԵµľ飿ҶӲðɣ
̵ҪҶҲܳԣɹһ£ƺ󻹷ǳóԡ
ԨɣⶫǻƷ
ߣһûˣӰʳá
߸˵ȥɽ˼Ǹͷ˺ҶȫҪȥҽôͷѡˣдаɣ
ҰУԼҲһЩȽС
һҰлȥҽ⡣
࣬⣬оˮҪˡ
¶ɽ볤岿ЩԶǽǵǹ˻ȥ
ǻص岿ʱҹѾˡ
˶û극Ϊǲûص͵ķˡ
߳˼ɵ油һ£˵³
æó˵ط
ֽӴͷ߽һͷӽˮ죬ٴһͷҶӵƤͷгɴ顣
˵Ҫ⡣
Źǹ
ûϳʲôŹǣŹǷ䣬ͺζ
ôĿ⽴ŹǣȻͷ棬ŵȥ
һߵͷ󣬰߽ͷ࣬ٽŵչͼˮ
Ũˣٷκʹл
չһ򿪣ͷŨζƮ
վԱһűӣȫ벻ַֻһ£ͷʹĶ֮Ȼζ
߿۶Ǻ棬к
ö࣬߸ԱߵˣÿҨ˰롣
ζ졣
ûǵı飬ңҲҨ˰룬Լǰ룬յߣһڡ
ֻĴؼζ
оǻϸĿڸУžͷеζ
ȵůθΪ۾
˰ûʲôֺĺůθˡ
˲Ҷڵʱ򣬰ѾС롣
ţѾںȵڶ롣
߿Ҹı飬оҪſԣܰʣµԲ
ԨԶһᣬͷࡣ
һ̲֮ס۾̾һúȡ
߰æ֮гջشһ䣬ƭǸʲô
˵ʱ򣬹ŹǿҲˣƮˮгŹǺζ滹տζ
ζ̼˴ҵʳ
߸оոθֹˡ
Ա࣬Ź졣
ˮһһƮǿΣŹǵɫѾˡ
ÿӴһµµͷὫͷͷѾˡ
Կˡ
˵仰תңͰǵùҸʢ
ң˾ˣ죡
ңЦЦлл
εŹͷ߽Լˡ
ȸ˶װһ룬ȻָԨװһ룬ʣµĲó˷֡
ǴôԶĵطɻûԷ˶û
һһطŹŹǺͷÿֵֻܷһ飬ɾôһ飬Ѿôҳָܵʲôζ
ŹȻ˵ַŹǣֹ˵ϣۣ֮ɿڡ
治еϵʣͷζ
һҧȥζ˷ǳ㡣
Źǣͷ˾ޡ
ͷ֭ˮŴ
ζͷ㣬ŴĿڸи޵С
ڣ˶ûƷôϸŨľ顣
һɨȥ˶ССҧͷ飬ƺҧһ㣬ͷϾûˡ


102 ͻ
۴ıð˯˸þ
ڶˬ, ӭųش˸Ƿо˶һɡ
۾һ죬硣
˯һ, ҳȥɻˡ
ˢϴ
˴󲿷Ѿˣ׼Թ緹ȥһͷ
߶Ԩ, ҽôˣǽҪͷ, ԰ѾһСˡ
ϸս̳ͷ, ˶Σæչ
챳˱紵һϣѾ衣
ߴų˽һƤ˺, Ȼˮ͵ĸɾչ, һѷһΣôʵ
˾ͿԳԡ߶ڵϣͷԳ˵, Ĳϲ, Ҿͼ򵥵ط˵, ԺϳˣԷͷ˿ϡ
Ԩ̵ǻһ㣬´ʱ, ˡ
Ц´ο̽һ, ôѲźóԡ
ʱ仹磬˼򵥳˸緹ץ·
Ԩǰڵͷһȥ
Ҳ, ͷͬ, һĴͷȥ
һ, ߱һң
ÿζǱŴСĶؼңǵһαôصĶôԶ·
˷˴죬ҵطӪʱ򣬰ſˡ
ڵϣһ붯԰˵ǰңڱܱˡ
߸ɣʵҲ͸տʼأϰ˾ûʲôҪǱһ㡣
һټһ¡Ų˸λã˾˵ٶҲ̫ˣҪһͿʼӦþܵң
ңķǸںɣɵòѡ
˼Ƭ̣жϵӦþܵңüһ緹
һ뿴ң
ңܻȥ
򣬡ܻȥҲãȥϢûôˡ
ʵ̫ۣúϢԼóʳ
ǽĵηֺǷֶܶ࣬Ҫʵһ㣬ζҪŹߴͷԡ
ǵͷܹ
ңҰ澭㣬־ѣڸ˼򵥵òҹֱϢ
һɲݶϾ˯ˡ
мǹңһһҹ
ڶ죬첻ʱˣ򵥳⣬ϱ
ǵķٶȺܿ죬ҪȰߺͰɵʱöࡣ
û磬˾ͱͷص˼
һ˳۲ˡ
ҲۣΧڡ
߼Ѽҧ;²˼嵰ˣӸ࣬кң緹
緹󣬰һԲػԼ˯ȥˡ
ңҪȥѱ߿¹壬ңûȥûʲôѶϢҪ
߼ϴһ£Ҳط˯
Ѿϰǿȣúۣ˯һˡ
ʱ̫߸߹ϣɽкһʱ䡣
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ȡϣȡһŵķϡ
ͷţ֮С
ţҲһһ߲ųȥ죬оͷţֳһЩ
ǵļܸоǵƤȫ¡Ľʵ⡣
üһȻûץǻ
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ڹﻵ˰ɣǳȥ档
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֣Ҳȥȥɣڼ￴ҡ
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ӥˡ
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һ
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ôˡ
֬ҰһҲôࡣ
ƽʱǽҪ֬ǳޣҰ֬ѾãҪ֬ĻһһƬӣӰ죬ҲʲôĦ
겻һ
ߴµĽӵķӥ˽ߣʯͷǰöࡣ
һģ󲿷˾Ѿܹ˽ӵʯͷھȱ֬
Ҷס·ӣ˭Ҳ˭
С粢ǵһԴܵˡ
ӥڲ֮ǰкüס
ôҲû뵽µȻԼ
죬ֱϡ
˶˰ߵı顣
˵˶԰˵ߣ⣬Ƕܸл㽫ӵİ취˳
Ҳǡ̫˽ҪȻҲ
㣡
񶷼һͦţԷۿҪ
ңһһǵӣ࿪ȥ峤
˾ˣ
˾ˣ֪ˣ峤
ԣ峤ǵġ
ңһȥ˲˵ˣΣͷɥشңͰǰɡ
ʮֿӥ岿䡣
ת˸䣬ͷɵˡ
ӥڱǱӣΪ˵Ϯŵòӵëˡ
ңһʾû¡
ӥ峤ɽӥϢ֮󣬸æܳ
ɽӥһۿܵˡ
˶ҿǵ峤
ɽӥ΢һ֪ô£һۣӭңͰ߽ȥ
ңʣĳͻܶࣿ
ɽӥЩţܶ࣬ȣ󣬹ʱͺˡ
ֵģ
ǡɽӥౣ֤һúú˵һٷ
Ա΢̾һ֤ʲôãǵ취а
֬ҪƷͺˡ


103 ʯ
ӥ˴ܱ¶⡣
߻صʱ, ء
ӣԱͣң, ôˣ
ȥһ˱ӣʪëһ
ңСû¡
ȥ˳̲ߺȡ
߶Ǳ̲˼
ңıˡ㲻˵ҪţǻȥţϹ
á˵һ, ƶûл, ˻⡣
ңƽ۾, ӥ˴ܲ⡣
ߵͷײĶͷһ£֪ҲԼҾ롪ûʲô취Խڵ⡣Һеͷˣһʱ벻, ҵʱ䡣
ңû£Ĳ, , ȥţǣ
ңȥţǣţ
˸̣ڵϻȥ
ϱӽӴ֪ʶѧʱ, ֪, ֪
ֻôȥ, ֪ʶѾ˴, ҳǳѡ
˵, ѡȻˮࡢʯһ, ֻǺȷˮࡢʯҵĳɷ, 껯ѧαҲûн
֮ǿ㡣
ʯǱȽӡ
ԻѧαĿαױʮġʯ
ڻǵǾʫǧɽһС
һʫ˵ʯҵ̡
ʯĳʯͷġ
ûǴĻӦʯ֮ࡣ
ʯҵѾǲ̫ˣֻ֪ʵرȽɫǻҰɫ
߰ѼĶдԱߡ
ǵһҪȥҵʯңȻٰʯҿɻҤ¯졣
ȻʯҪһգǶ¶һҪ
̱ȽѴﵽҪһ̿
ԵĻһ䡣
ʱ˷÷ѹ⣬һѡ
߰Ѽؼڵд
Ա߿ȻһҲûס
߶Ŀ⣬ЦЦýŴ˴µ֡
䲻㻭⻭ÿ԰չȥ
Цǿɱֻ㻭Ц
ҪҰЩչȥŵ˵
ЦˣҲЦոôˣˣΪȥӥʱʲô¡
Ҳûʲô£ֻǿӥ˴ܶѡ
ף˴
ӥ˾ܣ
ǰӥƢܱ꣬һСľͻǲǳ𣬽˼ܣܺͺáǻҴˣҿǴܾ͸һ
ĵֲǸոȰܵʱӥ˻һ
ԭϰˡ
߾ʯңܺá
վ˸ɽ棬ңˡ
ңͷţ
ͷţѾǵʲô£ɽ̬ǳС
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ңǻҪôŪ
Ȱͷţ˨ϣһ׼
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ǴýƬڶһֱɱһƬȻٰ봩ȥ
ǻҲƵĲҪҵȷλá
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ǻҲܴ̫棬̫ĻţûʲôоҲʹΪʹӦ
ߵһΰţǻϸһ֡
ͷţǳԲǴ򣬿ߣչʳ
߱סţĲӣԱߵң˵ǣסţǶҡ
ڣǶˡ
仰˵ͷץţͷţͷ̧ţڳɱǿ׳ơ
ţŲŽŲԭС鲽
״æҲǲǰס
ߵͷסҪҶ
ңͰܴһ붯֣ţȵؿסˡ
ʵĽƬԭýƬĦţǿף룬ְѽƬԱߡ
֮ǰ˴ӦýƬ飬ǸţǻûҪⲽҪǲСģ˵ţ淴
߸С˸ȽϤ
ͨԣֻɵԽԽá
Խ죬ţоʹԽ͡
߰ţԴţмǲ⣬ţע⣬öĹֱӴѡλϴ˳ȥ
ţһʱûӦȰѾ룬ѱǻҲȥѪӿţŸоʹԭ
ֱ۲һ¶ͷϵĺһͷţˣ󹦸ɡ
ͷţһ£Ϊ˿ûٳĹϵҲЩԭػ˻Դ
Ծô죿취𣿡
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ͷ˵ţǣһߣ˨һͷţǣǰ
һͷţĿͬĴạ̊́Щ
ңֱӽţͷ̧Ҳĥߴһ鶾ץţǰˣ봩һͷţҲ˱ǻ
ǻŴȥʹá
ߴͷţ˿ڳٳڱǻ˩ӡ
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īñȽصҵʱѾ˵һ¼
ʰߣûˣ
ҡͷƨʵˤˣ˼Լĸ˵
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߸λչʾԼĹɹ
һţĲӣϸմõıǻ
üԣĻÿӣоʹͲ̫񡣡
˵һţô
ͷСţСûôţũ
ʵţԸɵũܶ࣬ҵأԺ󻹿
ԸĻţţߡ
ٶȱȽ
߿Լҵţţ˵ǼͷţԿߡ
ǿͷ̫ˣԵĶҲࡣ
¶̾ı飬׷һЩйţ⡣
һ˱߳Էܿͳ
ϴ裬ϴһΣʵ̫ۣȥȪ극ң𣬻
߽䣬Լˤڴϣ߿Ҫ˯ŵʱ򣬲ʲô¡˸ң˵ʯҵ£
ôҪȻˣȻ̫ƣˣӡ
һüǵˡ
˯ǰصŽʯĬ飬Ȼų硣
ڶһ磬緹˲ϳԣ𱳿һηȥң
ں溰һ̣Ҳû˵ϣһɵø졣
ɵң棬ѧңӣ׶ʱ򣬱Σֱȥﺰң
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߷±𣬡첻˵Ҫ취뵽취ˣ˸˵
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ң׷ʣʯʲôҰﳤģҪȥң
ҰﳤģһʯͷĽϡҪҵʯͷȻٰʯͷ취ʯҡ
ߴ˵һʯͷģ
ңж֮˵֪ʯͷࡣ
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Ϊʵûо飬ûпжϵֶΣֻܽչʯҹʱóڵϷһţԱߴд˶ʱ䣬顣
ͮͮĻӳϣ˵ӳյһƬٺ졣
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ңһһľ̿
СҤ¯Сľ̿һ¯ô¯ӵ°ѻҽҪȻӰ̿ȼա
ǳȡ
ҲңͰġ
ң
߾ͱԶԣûģֻΪҪʯңòԼӡ
ȵе̼꣬еʯҲ꣬߳Ƥľ̿дٴ̿ĵãһ򵥵ļ¼
һճһʯңʱ򣬰߲ŷЩʯͷԲʯң˲ֻ̿ʱ
ЩճʯʵɣһһƬĩ
һ£оָееɬ֣̼ۡ۵֮ǰӴκһַĩе㲻һ
ʯҷŵӵţһɴ̱ǵζ
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оһᣬңôжЩʯûպã
룬ʯҼˮȣüˮԡ
ȻҪõ룬Ȼȥ˵
ʱѾˣᱳʹ
վһԼҲõȳ극˵֮ǰãһ뵽ζҵĶѾཹཽˡ
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߸æԱ߶㡣
˴û¯ʣµ̿ȷȼűʯһص
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һͷңӢǻҳһֻϻһʱֲ֧
ңЦҲЦ
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ûУǸʲôóԵģ
һһʷʲݣҤˡǽʲôȥˣôŪôǱ
õʯҡ
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ߵһ¶ҪճˣԴ֬ӡ
Ҳ˵֬ܵˣ
ҡͷǵûУȥӥ壬ֱӿǴܡ
ʶңһۣûʲô°ɣ
ңûС
ߴˮңһϴϴ֡
һ߳Էһ߸˽ʯҵʲô
īʹһЩֽӣ֪ʯҾζʲô
Խ۾Խæҳ룬øңͰߡ
߶ӺܶڸûԷ˶ӱҪˮ
īĬذˮͰˡ
߽ճʯηȻľ״ˮͰҨһˮ
ˮк󣬻зӦ
ЩķӦǿңˮһȥͿʼ๾ðݣųʹ̱ǵʯζ
ĳЩķӦһ㣬ʯҲܽ⡣
ˣ̧ͷЩʯճ˰ɣ
˵ȥıԵ
ۼֿ죬һקס󣬡СЩִʯˮᱻã
һһջ֡
ңʣǺˣûã
Ӧú˰ɣҲȷˣٹ۲һ¡
˵ţľȥˮ
ʯҺˮַӦ󣬷ųˣζҲӴ̱ǣ߸оϱŵʯζûɽ֮ǰҲ֪ܲá
ȥһɳΰÿ
ʯҼɳʯҽʯҽҪ̱ӲˣǾ˵á
֮˵ûʲôЧǻҪһ顣
ʯҾûճɹҪʱж
ң󣬡ٿɣȥϴ衣
ǽ˰ʯͷ˰ʯң˵ǿﶼǻҳǼҪˮȥϴһ衣
ȥȪϴ裬߻صغúһ¡
ģŷɻؼ˵Լϣ˯һ
ߵزҲǷܳɹˡ
Ҫǲɹ顣
޾֮·ֻҪǿϿԽ綼취
ߵڶ챻ѡ
СУǵʯҺճɹˣѾʯͷ򣡡
ƣ߳ȥʯѾ𣿡
ˣʮָɣʯͷ򣬡񼣣
ʯҺɳӻһĲû뵽֮ǳӲһʯͷһ
߽ӹǸ򣬸оҪǲϸΪȻеȻ
ĳɹˡ
ʲôк񣿣ĳɹˣʵ̫ˣû뵽ʯͷȻճֶ
ˣƨˣ˵ֻɺ֮µĲԺܸܲݳɹ֪
ʲôƨ
߷ĹעǲͬѰʱѾûȤˡ
һֿŵĿޣҲ˵ҪȥңϢ
㲻緹
ȸ֮ٻԣ


104 ˮ
ⱲӴûзɵô
ȲңϢ
ౡֱӷɵңϿ, һ
ң̧ͷ۴Цſֱۡ
Ҳ֪һԼôģֱ׵ĵط, ȥ
ңſֱۣסתһȦж½ĳ
, ǶǶԷϢ
ЩǱſң, ֱعЦ
ңҲЦ, ɹˣ
ȻǳɹߣȥɷóԵģ
ңصԼҡ
ǼԱߣڹ۲졣
ߵȽϸŵˮֲ, һˮɹˮȫˣʯ, ܸоӲĴС
߽ʯһøңмӦɹԱ⼸Ҳ, Чûá
ңܲǣ
Ա˵ոѾԹ, 飬ʯͷһӲ
ߵͷҲ顣
ңԡ
ң־˶Ҫöࡣ
һʯȥ, ʯһ, һˡ
мǸʯҲûּܼ롣
Щ, ҿôô顣
ңĻ˵ӦǿûﵽҪΪϣµһ¡
ң˵ֲ䣬֬飬֬ϵʯͷҲ
֬Խ⣬ûбȱ㡣
ɼ֬ʮּ򵥡
ֻҪҰҵϻһ֬ͻԴԴϵ
ӲҪ˵ʲôȱ㣬ǾҰȽ٣úǾҲ
ڵĽȥҪٰʮʱˡ
ߴͷɥضңĿ˺ü룬ǿ˵ԣ֬ͱˣ϶á
ңļ
ʣ֪дʯңǶһЩ
ң䣬ӦûУü峤һңӦͦࡣ
ңԾŴضǳϤ˵࣬϶١
߷ġ
¹˾壬ңԼڵʯңǸ˵һܲҵʯҡ
Ϣǳ֪ͨʯҹϵϣʹϢң˵ŬѰҡ
ңͰҲûţͷһЩʯңȻ࣬û취ģʯңʵȴˡ
ߴ⼸пգʯҵѶ¶ȺʱԳ
ԭΪǻͦʱ飬û뵽ڶ磬峤«ʹ峤ҵǣǳ˵ظˣҵ˴ʯҡ
߳һȷʯ𣿡
˿Ȼģǻصشʯͷ㿴֪ˡ
˵Ŵӱóʯͷչʾ߿
һɫʯͷʵð߶ֱͽԵ
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ˣ̫ȷ˵ɣ
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ãʵ̫ˣ߼˵˼ãЩʯǾ͹ȥ
ڿصĵط
˵Ҳ̲סˣæԱ߲廰˾ˣߣڵʯֱԭи
ԡʯһڲģɣҲϢ
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Ҳ׷װǻʾģȻ󣬵⼸϶ò꣬ˣҲȥµʯҡ
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«࿴ңһۣ֣صǼʣǽдӦõġ
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Ը͡
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ңÿζְʯ顣
Ʒʵʯңڰϱӣϡ
ϱӵʱ򣬴󣬶ԽǿȵҲûôߡ
ⱲӲУǸܴ󣬻бȥǿȲһСײϷӣ˵ӶҪˡ
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Ƕι۹߼ҵķӣӶ߼ҵķһôӵıůԻ˾Ҳ
кÿʵõķӣû˻סڵ
ߵõ˾ŸĴ֧֣üϵĵӳ顣
Ϊ˴ҵΣҲҪѺַʯҸŪ
һֹ˼졣
Ѿʯϴת˺ܾãôҲղʯңû취ճңʯ
죬߻ͷæ˺ܾãͻȻתͷضң˵Ҿǿܳ˵⡣
ʲô⣿
ʯҵ⡣룬һֱճʯңܺһ¡ʯұû취ﵽǽǿȵҪ󡣡
˵
ҸоӦʯʹáӦø˵ϱӻһֽˮཨϣ
ңͷ˵㻹˵ǵˮ䷽Ҫʯҿʼ𡣡
ȷʵǵˮ䷽԰ˮ൱ͻƵķ򣡡
߾ϱˮʯҵ÷Խ۾Խо֮ǰͬҪһµš
ңļͷһ£ǵ÷ʯҡĿ꣬ʼµˮࡣ
ңͷ㡣
Ȼ㲻˭ң
ˮҪôŪ
룬ӦúʯҲ࣬Ҳաһһ£һʱ벻
ûнѧˮ䷽ʵ̫ƧˣҲ벻ڼ죬û취ҵвϣʯһա
ǵˮ䷽ʯҸӣûиӵȥΪˮʷҲǳ
ˮʷ˵ҪĲ϶̫ѵã벻ǴȺܸߵĻѧϡ
߽ҵĲϱţȻͨͨŽҤա
ľ̿ڽɳӡľмʯͷʲôʲôŪһٶϡ
ˮȻֻˣû¶æ
ڴҵЭ£ǵõһٶ
һٶаʮݳƷǳˮࡣ
ûã
ߵеˮóˮͳ࣬һһԹȥ
ˮ棬Ѿˣûʢˮ࣬õµ롣
Щ벻ǼңҲ԰壬Ŵ嶼С
кɫ룬ɫ룬ָɫ״롣
ðָЩţ͵͵Ƥ¼ݡ
һԺü죬ˮǿȻûдﵽǵҪ
һ컹Ƣң̫
ңûôǾͲһһεȥˮ࣬˵һʯҾѾʹá
Ƣ֮󣬰Ҳ֪Լ޵ԼĽŵңѱߣңǸ
ѹ̫ˣ֪ͲҪܼƨǲҪˡ
ѹ֮£ҡںü֣ôƢôҡڣҲûз顣
ϱѧʱΪһĿʵüü꣬ˮ˼죬ûе£ȫֵ÷
ôһĳһ糿һ£ȥǵˮࡣ
ˮѾɵòˣоֵӲˮ࣬ߣˮˣ㿴һˮﲻõǵҪ󡣡
ˡ߶һͷӲһͷֿ˼ˮࡣ
ûңôȴҲС
ָͨĴУѾܳжˮļӲ̶ȡ
ˮ྿ûгɹͨһожϡ
ʵĲʵ̫ˣкЩϸʯҸϲһȥһµˮͻɢ
˺ü룬Ҳ
мʱ򣬰߸оֵµˮǳӲ
Ϊõִ̫һ£̫죬ˮָĦѪ顣
һ¾ˣǸ룬ŵ۾£ҿɴ۾˺üΡ
Ա߿鲻ԣʶʲôæչŵôˣŪ𣿡
֪ûŪãҸоŪˣһ£Ҫȥң
˵Ź˲ˢϴæˮȥң
⼸쾭жϴѾʧüΣϣʱֿƲסϲ顣
ңҲϰˣһܿӰٿңسͷҪ
ȴؾأʱצ룬ڵϹһȦվȣˮȴ˿
ĺˣ߱Σڲһεˮ࣬Ҿˡ
ңѪָᶯ˶ʲôҲû˵ֻ֣


105 
߽ʢˮŵң
ԼǺɫ, Ѫӡ
Լȴûʶһ˫۾ңʾϽԡ
ң, ùˮ, յ
ʯһ, εˮ˰, Ƿǳι̣ĩ֮⣬ްˡ
Ŀתضң, 𣿡
ңſָˮɤӵû顣ܼӲ
Ҿ֪ûо˷ܵԱߵ룬һı, ʮߺţһˮ䷽߷ʯҼ
˵˵, סˮ, ۾Ȼˡ
ʹסҧ, ǹĵؼļɬѹĵ
ңĿ, ƫͷ, ¶Ǳӡ
ң, Ȼֱס, , ˴룬һ, ĺ󱳡
ңſů, ָһ, ֱסң
˽һ
ãң˰ߵĶͷһ¡
ߵһθоң촽ͷôһ£һƬͷһ£Զͷȫ
һ²ŷӦô£̧ͷԲ۾ң
ң۾
εŰߵס
ңʣô
ʶҡͷ
УҲù죬˵ǣů
ȶ࿴ңۣ߸оǹů˲¡
֮ǰļɬ类⣬ֻȡ
Ҫȡ
ƫͷһǻ˵ˮࡣ
ңĶˡ
Լÿһˮ඼ǵüΪٷǳ죬Ǹİ汾֮ǰһŷʯҼһģҲЧЧûôãźͰ˷ʯҼ̿Чһ
ңרעؿ
һ£汾ӦúٸʯҺȽ׻ãǾ汾ˮࣿ
ǵˮʯһǰȺõĲĥɷĩ͵Ҥ¯ľ̿ơ
ʯʵرȽͺϸĥѣĥʯҪ򵥵öࡣ
ӥĽ߶ˣ˲ʯĥʯӳÿڹߵİ£ǵЧӦûߡ
Ѹ㣬һ׳һĥٽϣʡŵã׳ܴչõʯҺˮࡣ
ɱȳȥռ֬򵥶ˡ
´пΪ
۾Ŵ峤ɣЩⷽȥҲô׼
ңס󣬿Ƥָ²ֲۣ
ڵس˳Լ֣û鶯ƫЩŤ˵ô
ңȷҩ
ңҩЧáҲϡٵĲҩʯĥˮɸ״ڰָϡ
˵Ĳָֹ첲Сȡţ󾱣ϸС˿ڡ
ʱæۣ黹Ƚѹ֣߹˲Լˣһֱû
ңûһϴ裬Ҳ·ˡ
һŷôࡣ
֪ңۣڵس˳·ܿͺˡôʱճʯҺˮֵ࣬ͦ
û˵ֵңֵҲۡ
˵ңԼҲһˣ߿⼸ĴʯͷȿɳľҲ㷥ģǲǸðϧһԼˣ
ãһϧ
ңϵÿ˿ڶϸĵط˲ҩִ࣬óõϴþߣһȥϴ˳ְͷ°á
ͷֳЩݸ쳣£ףͷҲѿһ־Ȼ鶯
ңͷøСһֺκ˶̫ͬʡ
ˣһ𲢼߼ߣǺȥʣµˮಢ緹
ôһξ룬˶÷ɣôȥ·ɽתһ䣬ܿ߼ҡ
߿·ԲԴɽдеҶӣȾŴԼʯҺˮ࣬ǳȥɼʹ԰ɡôḻڼʵڿϧˡ
ұ㡣ǿȥԶһĵطãҲȥĲ䡣
ڴ½ڴ½ĶˣҲȡ
ʱ򼸺ȫʱ紵̣ÿ˶Դᱡ·ȥй䣬ʮңڡ
˵̫ɹһ㣬켸ûбȱ㣬ó涼࣬Ĩϲ֭ᰤ
ߺңоŴ峤ᣬְֽʯҺˮ࣬Ͻ彫䷽⴫Υ䡣
峤Ƕ֣شӦˡ
ʯҺˮƹ̲ӣѵҪУֲ䷽Ū
ߺңʾŴ峤ܿѧʯҺˮļɡ
ǽճĵһʯҺˮ͸ң
֪Ϣ𾪣뽨ӡ
롣ң۴Ц⣬ʯͷľĶѾ׼ˡ
ɣǣ׼ķ䡣
߼ҵķӼɰһ֮ǰһ˵ʱ򣬴סϣңǼҲȫס¡
滮ˣңĥҩʯʯԷݺ棬ԡҺͳмСɹ̨ڳһңҩġ
ϲ˵ʵͷ౸һ
ң𾪵ı飬۴Цһ£ҪϲǿסȽ۵ʱڵļϢô۵ʱɽϹ
߻ţҪû׼
׼Ұѷӽ䲼úãһᵽߡ
ѿڶҪڰɣ
˽ΪµӣҲǲѡӣ˶ڰԼ󰮡
ǱʶаѰںͽΪϵһ
ңЦǾͰڡ
⣬û¡
Ҿ˼ңһ£Ը⣿
Щ㱣ҡ
ңһ£治Ը⣿
߱׵öӶˣûҾû뵽
ңףдʱ䣬롣
߱׵˫|ȷؼҺϵþòɢ
ؼҵʱ򣬰Ҳڡ
Ƶؿһɫ̫ɽˣôȳӣַˣ
˵̧Ҫ̽ͷϵ¶ȡ
һ飬ԼĶͷһ
ң׹ĵط
̧ڿУԽ⣬ʲôë
ûʲô߱ﲻסǰŲŲû̽磬磬û˵﷢ʲôر£
ãȻûа
ûУίʾңйصġ
ʲôر£
һͻ⻹ر
˵˵ʯҺˮࣿ²ˡһ˵˰ٱ飬Ķ˵ˡ
¡
֮⣬ʲôر飿
Һң
شͼ˾˵²ʹ˾Ŵ𣿻׿ڴġ
ߣ˵ңҪӡ
ţҲر𰡡˵ÿ˵ĻĶҪӣǼ˾ˣҲˡ
Ǽзӡ
˵ҲˣŴ䶼֪ңҪӣ׼
Ǹͻ˵Ȼ´ߣҼˣ֮ǰȷʵ˵˺üأ˾ôȻ׼ӵĲϣȥ¡
˾˺ʱϰɣ


106 ֲ
ʢĵ峿С
ߴߴز֦, Ρ
ڴϹȥʵܲˡ
һſڴϣͷŵԴ, סԼĶ䡣
ͼڡ
ڴ⿴ȥ, ЦĴ, ˯žͱ˯ˡ
Ҳߴͷ, ۾, Լ緹, Ҳԡ
˾˽쿪ʼʽӣ㲻ȥ
ңҪʼػӡ
컹ȥĽ, Ļ, ھܽɡ
ôһ䣬ڴϷȥҲ˯š
ȷȥңӡ
߳Թ緹ɽϷɡ
ңѱߵʱ, ңӵٶȿܻԤҪöࡣ
̫ң, һɨȥʮˡ
Щ˰æڵػʯͷ컹ƽĵط, ˺üӡ
߻û䵽ȥ, Ѿ, ׷кߴˡߴ硣ߴˣ
òػ, 䵽Ϻ, ·, תͷѰңټ
ңȺ, »ɽӥ˵
صĵһʱ䣬ңͿ֣ʾǹȥ
ƹϵǣʲô
ң˵Ҫô緹𣿡
ˣأ
ң۾ͷ
߿ºɽӥ
ɽӥ˾˽ӣѧϰһ¡
Ҳϴνӵʱûôæ̫Ὠķӡ
Ȼ
Ƕ뽨ķӣκμϺܶѵ㶼ýңӵĻѧϰһ¡
ңΪ˾ǽǼԼһ
ӥһˣԶõȻܵ
ºɽӥЩ˼
ûʲôңҪ˽֮ǰѾʹҲͷͬˡ
ôԼˣҲϣסúһЩηʱﲻˮ
ˣºɽӥӿٶ˵껰뿪ߺңദ
ߺң˵˼仰һʯͷ
˾ŴУΨһˣ룬Ҷһ
ǸʦߴҪô˳˵ΪʲôҪô
ң鲻ɽͷһٶˡ
߽⣬ˣż⡣
ÿΰ߽һ֪ʶ㣬˱ƣлͿ佱ߣֵð߲̫˼
Щ׳ΪĬ
ʯͷǽˮࡢɳÿһкܶ
Ϊ̫࣬ЩҲɣɴʯͷĥҲٴˢĥ⻬
֮ǰԤ⣬ңⷿôҲҪʮ£ƣС
Ҫ컹ΪˮȽҪʱɣһȥ
֮⣬ƬͲҲҪա
ЩҪʱ䡣
߼æԽԽ࣬ɴཨǰٹĦ˷ĴԺͲɼʱ䡣
Ҫ׼˲ϣҲԻԼͬʱٹĦѧãջһЩ
ң߱ûʲôɣòôˡ
˰ߵĽ֮峤ǾʼڸԵĲ䰲˽
ʯͷķãڷ絲ǿˡ
Ŵܿһɽȳ
ǰ׼˽ϣ㽨Ȼ˵ǵһʼˡ
˰µðºסһЩҲʼѼϽһɣȵ˵Ľȸ졣
Ҳʼ׼ϣǾãУҲС߶ɹˣҲܳɹ˶໨ꡣ
ɷ糱̫ˣߺңȥԲɼʱҰˡ
Ұࡣ
ʵյӰҰ
ʰǲǲôȥɼˣҺңһȦһҲܼˡ
Ҷ׼ˣĻпһ쵽Բɼǲһͻȥ
ȥԲɼǴҳʲô
ʳô࣬ȥһ͹ˡʵڲдպһҪ
üЦԼȥ겻ҲӣòŽš
ߵüͷøˣȥڽӣΪạ̇̄ͶӣҲôȥɼҵʳԴҲû⡣
ǿҶ滮˲ſʼɻ
ϵЦˣԴô죿ǲǸýͣǣ
ͣҲ̫УӻҪҺң˵һ˵ʲôȫİ취
߹۲úϸ£ңҲûˡ
ңȷʵǸ⣬ǰ컹峤˵ҪŲ˳ȥԺͲɼҲӦˡ
֮ǰǲ۹ܻȽ϶ӣҾôҲҪŪǰԵʳһЩ档
ţɹ˸ɡ
ЧôߵڿʼɹɣôȣɹҲѱ档
ȫɹҲһ͵⣬̳ÿ䶼ʯ͵ⲻܴ⣬ܴ͡
Щ
죬ָңãˮҲܶ࣬ǲǳᣬø峢һЩһ綹ӡ
ŴУֻаʼ˸֡
嶼ֻǲĸֲָõϡ
֮ǰ䲻̫죬Ҳûпǹʳﲻ⣬ûȰֲ
ڲһˡ
嶼ҲԸΪǿǡ
ң룬ͬ뷨Ը˵һ˵
Ȼټǿһλɡ
Ŵ˶ңӣÿأԶ
忪ᣬҲֱ֪ͨӽйæ
峤Ϣ󣬶û˵˹
߽귴˵˵˵еǣȰһЩӡ
˵ж֣ǼҵĶӺܿͻ죬ҪĻȰӽȥջٻУٻ١
˵úܳϿң峤ʵҲо˽ôãԱȥһЩҲɺ
ǳȥԺͲɼܿӱĵطǨĶҪֲҲ
⻰һ˵峤ͬС
峤«һͬԸ⿪ʼ֣ҰĶҲ쵽˳ʱ䣬ʱǻȥһһ硣
̵ǲҲжӡ
ҹ峤ˮǲˮջ񣬽ǻȥһЩӻɹɣһ㶹ӣӦþͿˡ
峤ԨǲͷͷǲҲһ磿һͷͷҲǵɫƷǵ硣
׷ӦֲǳȤ
֪޲ԣϸǽֲҪעĵط
оĵطð峤¹䡣
Ѿ˺üֲϺһЩĵá
ֵܲ䣬Ҳûв˽˵Ķ˵ˣʾĶҲˣҪĻҲԸѶӻȥ
Լû뵽οЧôá
峤ܣȥֿ֮֯ģ׼ֲ
̶̼ʱ䣬嶼ϢʾѾʼ֣ߺңġ
·գۼ䣬˱Ӳɼʱũʱ


107 ֳ
ʱ۲ˡ
ȫڷ, Ŵһң·ػ, ߴ, ھʣƬͰװŴ
ƬͲǸ󹤳̣ߺңõӥǱ߿ʼյʱһ, ʡ
ȥֻԼõƬͲ, ͷβ£ӥҪȫҪõƬͲ¡
ǻҪͦһʱ䡣
ңľû, ֻ, ٹһʱ¼Ҳȫü
ߵܣԼס, κб˺ü, Ҳû˵
Ҫڲһסͬ, ͼһͬס, ʵ̫|ˡ
һ仰ڰб˺ü, üŵķꡣ
Լ鵹ܺá
, ǶΪԺ, ⼸, ÿ춼ڲæ
ڼ, սƽҤ, ҪŲӿʼ, Զųɹˡ
̧ͷ硣
ౡһ, ߸˷ɵͷ౽˺ü
ǰϷͰѩĽβҡÿˣȥءؽţӦͰĽ
һأûΣֻСѾȲȥֲ䣬ǳ
κͷСһᣬűΣһһֻСǣЦ򡣡
˫ֱأеؿ磬԰
Ȼ첿ץʮֻ򣡡üɫ裬ֻС峤ֻ
Щ⣬˭
һ峤ںӱ߽˸Ȧ򡣡
ʣֻС򣿲򣿡
峤˵Ѿûˣ´ץ̵Ȼ㡣
صͷ£峤˵Ҫæʱ򣬿ֱ˵
ã͸峤˵
תͷ
ƨ|ɺ棬ǲ䣬Ҳʼˣ֪𣿡
߻治֪üʾⰶ˵
ںָ˵ӥʮֻҹͳ忪ʼѼ壬Ѿʼˡ
߻عζˣǴֳ·
ͦһ
߶Լ俪ʼֳϲּ
ȥϴʱңǷ֪Ϣ
ң֪һ㡣ڳԣδػɹȳԳɹŻ˵
װ֪
ңĺ󱳣ʾʣûϵ
ߺ棬ջûʡ
£ҪûҲ̫á
ΪὫܾãֱɹŻǡ
û뵽û죬ӥ
ɽӥһظߺң˵ǰȻ֪ô£⼸ȫˣԲ¶
ʣǲ䵽ðˣ
ɽӥҡͷҲ䣬궼û¹Ӧòð
ߣǾˣôͻȻҸȥ
ңһ𡣡
ɽӥһǾ̫ˣھȥ
ߣ߰ɡ
ߺңӥĵط֪ӥСձ꣬ʱ˿ڶ׷ˣֲû
߿ɽӥһۣôҪ鶼˵
ɽӥЩεתͷϡ
ȰҪõö֮࣬ǰ᲻иð֮ࡣ
˽ӥٵ׼
û뵽ֻ˿ں׵⡣
̫ˣȥʱ򣬲õԼҵᱻȾ
һֻֻ鿴֮󣬸ӥ˵ˡݵѹӢˮС
ѹӢ˵ǶӦ
ɽӥа취ǷɣƽʱݵʱҲŪѹӢֱӸСιѹӢǲѹӢ࣬Զι١
æֱֹӿ²УӪôιôιҪʳס
ɽӥң
ңߵġ
ɽӥͳһ̵ãǰߴ˵İ취ι
߿һȦĻǴɨڿ㣬̵ɲݣҪȦлˮҲҪʱȥ
ɽӥáÿ춼ĸɲݺͷǸѷʡȶ£ȥ
ߵͷĴָ
ɽӥ̫˼
ӥһʮֻС
ֻĸʮֻӥʮһֻֻǿ׳Ĺ˵Ҫ֡
֪ӥֳ˵ġ
ӥΪܵ˺ҲԣΡ
Ѽϼܣսս˺ãŰߵķ˿ڷ˹ҡ
û뵽ˣų
ֵ˻ᡣ
ĸ˵ҪʲôĵطͼʱҰôһ˻Է
̫˼ףΪѧˣû뵽ûѧᣬ´һ㡣
ʱУǸҲ˵þûˣ졣
䣬ңһؼҡ
ң׻ûаȥסһסɽϣһסɽ£˵ʱһӣҲܷ㡣
ڷӻϣңҲûʲôҪæһԲɼ
˲˯һ֮⣬ʱ伸һססͬ£ûʲôӰ졣
ӹͦڡ
û뵽˼죬ӥң˵С
߾ˣѹӢûãôô춼ûá
ɽӥһ컵һ죬һֱûܺ͸Ҳ֪ô¡
ӦðѹӢЧͦá߿ңһۣȥ
ңͷ
ɽӥǰ·ߴҪǲĻˡ
ôõôһĵá
ûôò
ЩҰһֻһֻƤʵ˵
Ұⶼ˲ԺúȺãڷ絲ûֿˡ
˵ԭӦҲܡ
Ұͬˣ˻أҲûֻҰΪ˶
ȦתһȦԵʳ鿴˿ڵ
С˿ڻЩףȴûŧҲˬѹӢӦá
߿ңѯǱǷд𰸡
ңԷ񶨵
ɽӥԭǲǲУҾ˵ûôס
ߣ취
ɽӥʣڵ˳ԵĲҩ𣿡
߻˵ңȷԣѹӢ˳ԵҩСٳȥ»С
ɽӥô죿
֪߳ǲǻ⣿
ɽӥûʻãȻؿߡ
ң룬Ҳпܡ
ɽӥʣʲô⣿ǲ˵ǲ䲻ʺ
߽͵ΪȦȽ࣬С˿ڲһֱòˣһȦܾͻһ㡣
డɽӥѿڶÿ춼ỻŵĲݣ㣬Ӧòɣ
ߵЩණҲ֪ǲԭ򣬿԰СƵ𴦣һʱ䣬˺ƻ
ңͷҿУͰ취
ңһɽӥܲ⣬æӦ͸Ųط
ߵҲصذʲôطڲֺ꣬ůŲɾһĵطȦǲǻ⣬ھܿ
ɽӥ뻻Ѹ⼸ͷСסôһ˵һӦ취ԡ˻
ߵ취
ɽӥӦ
Ҳûףڶң͵ӥ塣
ǹʱӥιһǱ˵Сһˣߴ˵İ취ã
ģ߾ϲҹ
ġӥ˵С˿ڶˣˡ
߽ʱȦ顣
һȥԭڳʳСŵɢӡ
˺üΣûܽС׽֡
ң֣סһֻСĺȣֻСֻݸߡ
С˰֮󣬻ƴһ
߿Сó̶ȣҲӡ
һ飬ֿ˿ȴ˿ڣ׹Ȼȥˣһ
߸ңһ
ңȻ׼һֻץߡ
˺Сһ飬߷Сãһ죬ܳ׺ת
Сң˵ҹƻȦ⣬СʱȦһҲûʲô£ЩСĵֿԣ˵ʱϸ˿ھͻɸȾס
ңˣҪ취
ԡҸ˾õ취
ûʲôϣ䲻ˮ
뵽취
һǸ
¼ȿÿˮ̣ҲԽСҪõĶŵɹЧǳ
ֻΪ˵꣬϶˲ݡ
ĻýĶǿȽ鷳
÷ˮ֮
ЧɱȽϸߣӥ˻ֻǶɱһ
߸оְ취ӥ˶Ƚѽܣң˵һ£ңҲ˳˼
ֻһΡΣ취У󣬹ģֱȽϴ󣬿»Ҫ취ҪȻ̫ˡ
˶һۣ˴˶취̫ס
ң
Ҳ˼
ӥ濴˵˼仰ȻվסȦ̽ͷʵǲǱøˣ
߻ع񣬳ӥ˰ЦЦûе£Ǿ뵽ȥˡ
ңʾȥۣ֮Ȼӥ˵Сһ죬Ӧþȫûˡ컹ҪιѹӢǻȥ֮Ҳ룬Ҫôøá
ӥæл


108 
, ؼ˵ҪٽһҤˮࡣ
߾һ, ֮ǰҤôˣ
֮ǰҤ, ûҤˮ࣬峤һ£ٽһҤ
ǵܴ󣬽ҤҲò˼졣
ʣնˮˣ
ҸոջʱǶʮߵ峤óǩ˭, ˭Һã鵽ǩ˼ҲҪ⻻ˮࡣ
ô
ʮ⻻һˮ, 峤˵Ҫ, ڴɹɹɹÿɻˡ
߼ȻڲסǻڲһԱÿηֲǶֵܷ, Ҫ˳ʱҲȥæ
ڼһֻȥæ, ôֲĶ
Ĭ
ʣʮ⻻һˮ࣬һ𣿡
ͷ, , Ұ޲ǱȽ϶࣬ǳȥһȦջ, ʮҲ顣
˵ֲ㷨ǴһͶƱ, ûʲô
ʯأ𣿡
յñȽ, ˮΪʯû̫ô, 峤˵չˮʯҡ
˳죬ôûôˣʯҵôȥˡ
⣬ʲôãǽĻֱˮ࣬Чã
ߣשˢǽ
ȵȣ

ָͷԼȽסˡ
ôʯҿ
վﲻһѣשˢǽأ
߻عץԼıҪܣѾˣ£ҪңһˣȳԷ
㻰ô˵أ˾˲ڸɽҪʱ䣿
ҺҪȥӥǵȦ
δ䣬߱Σųˣ°һãȻصǰɽ
߽ʯҵøңһ˵ҪӥȦ
ӥӦǾŴʯҴһ壬ǿ϶ȱʯңĳɱҲ߲ȥ
ңסʣȷЧ֮ǰǻ˵ʯжʹõʱҪСġ
ȻЧ˷ܵ۾ˣڶҪûûɱ΢ˡ׿̸Զˣ|åõʱСһС
ң᲻ᶾǵ
߷ס󣬡İɣ˵Ҳ£ϱӵʱ򣬻רʯˮɱó档
ңȥӥ塣
⼸Ǽ춼ӥ忴һۣӥ˶Ѿϰˡ
ӥ˸˵ֺЩ˿ѾףҲˣǷܰƻȦȥ
ߵȵȵȣǣһʯˮЧ
峤أ峤˴ʯҹ
ӥӦ£Ͼȥһ¡
ɽӥܿʯһˡ
ߣʣʯˮ
Ӧò࣬һԾ֪ˡߵøͰҪʯҶˮˡ
ʯĻʵʯңҪȻʯҳڱ¶ڿ֮УᷢѧӦܿʧЧ
ӥʯճʯңЧá
ʾһ㣬ȻסڱǣʯҵĸʴԱȽǿҪǲСܻḯʴĤ
һסڱǣһƵ˵ʯҵʱһԺҪʯˮĻҲҪע
ӥ˸ںͷ
ң֣ͼӹӣûá
СͰһʯңټˮ
ʯˮȣ߲Ҽ̫ʯңҲҼ̫ˮ
СһʯҺˮּʯңһϸϸˮɻҰɫŸоˡ
ңʣЩʯˮôãֱýȦ
ֻҪȷʯˮãǿʯˮ档ȽϺÿ
ӽʯˮɨȦ档
ˮ˳ŹѷʵĳӱϣصѣЩʯˮҲжõʱһҪƺϣҪ̫󣬾ͲȥˣȻŪ
ɽӥͷǼסˡ
Ȧζʹʯˮһȥζ޷ܡ
ӥ̲ˣ˼ɫؽʯˮ꣬ûзŹκһ䡣
ʯˮɽӥɨѽȦɨɾϸɾĲݡ
һŪȦˬܶ࣬ۿȥ͸ı˲١
߸оˣӥ˵ȰСƻҪõĻԺͲ÷ˡ
ӥ仰󣬶һ
СԵöö࣬ʱ򣬾Ū㡣
˶ɾӥû취ζط㡣
Ϊڲ۹ԺҪҪˡ
ȦƽʱûҲзĻܼʱɾȾӥ˸еȽ⡣
߿ĻҲ⡣ֽ䣬ңȥˡ
ߴڶȥɼ꣬ٺңһȥӥ忴û뵽ûȥӥ˱Ȳعǡ
һǣӥ˸˵˵ߴˣ˾ˣʯˮãСֺ˲٣ȦҲˬˡ
ģʮָˣǵ˿ڻ𣿡
ӥˣףףǵθڻرãһͰݡ
Ҹǻȥ
һ˷ɵӥĵطؿС״̬
Ȧһ֪С״̬ȷʵԡ
Ĳ˵СĻɱǰǿˡ
ԶͿСȥ
취ã伸ƹ㣡תͷɽӥɽӥ峤ҪǷĻǿҪ˹ѧϰ·
ɽӥˬǾǿ϶ϸ˵
ֻὨ飬䵽ʵң
ңڶ˴Ѷӥѧϰ
ӥȻǳŵɶ塣
ʯˮЧδԣʱֲ
ʯˮ֮󣬴ҵﶼԵøɾˬ࣬Դ⡣
ҷ׷״лߡ
֮ǰ԰Ҳ𾴣Ȼ߻ǵһܵǵ|ը
Щңʱ˳ܡ
˶ˣÿ˵Ժ󲻱ظʲôֱ˵С
˵ͷӦˣ´ǻ
߼ܾʵھܾ˵ʱͻ
߼ҵĺöʮֶ࣬˼Ҫʵࡣ
յĻ֮Ǹɴ辶ٸߴƤ֮ԵõĵǸϡ
ڶÿ˳ȥԺͲɼ˳һЩϻز䡣
Ϊ˺ԵʳﲢһǴʱֻ˳֣Ҫ̫ྫҲԵùء
ԴΪɣܾߵĻ
߾ܾҲܾپܾ˱ĽϷŵȥ¸


109 
ɫ΢, ߴôŵĸɿҶʮתңڵɽͷ
ңŸϴͼ߹Աߵʯ, ޳Ȳ濪˫ֱ, Դ˯
ϼӰһߣһ̣µòˡ
ң˶٣ǰдʪ, ա
߱ⴥһ飬˫ַ̧ۿң
ңôô磿
, , ҡ
ǽӴ߶, ܿ췢֣ȴ˵кദöࡣ
ܲ, ȴҲ˵ҪǸ, ǻӦ͡
Ƿº, ÿ춼Ұ, ڳŲɼǰ, ˵仰, ҶԺϻΪ١
ЩԭӥӶ࣬һ, òܱ˰ռ, ǲʾÿ춼߼, Ұһȥɼ
߲Щˣֻǲÿ춼ΧҪеΡ
㼸Σ˵һ˵Ӧú֪ܿ˼ˡ
߽Եɺң˵һ顣
ңʧЦиȥ˯һ᣿
ˣ˷ʱȥ˯߾ŵƣң˲䣬Ե㶫ǳŰɡǸ˵ҪܵԶ˰˳ժȥ
Ұİ½½ˡ
Ҳģժһְ²֯˳
˻ˣ֯һ֣ҴԻɼԹΧһ𣬱֯죬һװɫϸܲƥô֯
߽ûôֻ֣֪İõòˣ⣬İҲĿ顣
ũﻹ鲼أ＾ջ񲼹Ǽһܻúüƥ
ȻʱҲޱ֮࣬ÿʱľ
۾˰죬ȡɿҶӰŵ˿ңտģ˿ı˺ҧۣûŽ
һλ˵꣬롣
ңôԽԵͷĶͷЦлл
ڳ˺һ
ңͣȽ磬ȥԶһĵط
Զ
ɽɽͦöҲкЩ嶼ȽԶӦûջ񡣡
ǸҲһ˵صȥҡôԶǿܷɲ
ұܷɵˡ
ңãΣڵϣʾϡ
˵ıһֻºͺӣ߱⻹ǵڶԸⱳˡ
վھ޴ĺǰʮ𺳡
ңתͷվ߲ʾЩȥ
ң⻬ëԥһ£ҪõıãֽŲõȥ
ңıֱһ޴̨ӣϱ߱ңĲӣȵ
ңתͷ԰һҪûȣоҪˤʱԱΣǾˤˡ
ѧЩԾȼɣæͷ
ңһųԭط
߱Ĳӣͷ¿
ԭҰһƬ̣ͬԼɣ˲ÿµľɫ࣬п͡
һ·ɡ
ңٶҪȰ߿ö࣬ϵʱЩ紵ۡ
ֻֽסĲӣһ𣬷ɹգֱĿĵء
ʱǷɵɽ
ɽɽһɽ߷ֱ
ɽڶɽֲͬïܣЩĵطûеɫֲ
ң͵֣Űһɽɽ¡
ء
ңΡ
ߺתͷܣʵʲôرֲ𣿡
Ƚ϶ңǣǰ·߾һã볤ٶꡣ
˴ïֲܵһ·ɽߣתתȥʱ˲Ұ;顣
ǰûط׵ľ룬Ϳǰһô
绪ǣѩ㣬ǳۣҲǳƯһ޴ʻ
а¶ϲͷôһҹӥ˲֪ҿûôɹ
ǲڵؽԶɽ˲֪ʵƽ߰ɡ
ߵǰ߷ֵϵ˲ٹӣʮƽ֮ڰǵ㡣

ЩнģȥǰģĹٶѾɸˣĹúõġ
ָ˳á
ȻãǾһȥˡ
ԭһſż񣬺ֵϵİʵ̫ˣһſż񲻹ɴԱ֦Щɨһ
ȥҲҪȡٺѣȥ
߱ﻹ
ȥװݵĴһֱõڡ
һò߾ͽڿףˣֱӰ̰
ңһ֦֦İ
һſŵžžવ
Ĺһֲеζ
߰ͳͳɨϡ
޻еƣͷȽϴ涼ɵİһѹǾͽһ𣬲ռʲôطҲء
˿ʼʱĵһſ϶ѣһ£ҡ֦İ䡣
ң̧ͷۣҡ
ΰһֱ䵽ϣܿһ
߽ϥѹڴϣǿŴ
£Ĵһ޴İֻңı㹻
ң£ءʱ仹磬ȥһĶ
ʲôǲǻоϲҪң
ȥ˾֪ˡ
һı飬֪¶ҪԼʱĵĺèצһӵð·
˺üΣ㻬ҺңԱ߼ʱס
ңһƬ֣ɽߣ˺һңָһƬֵ˵ڰɡ

ҿʵ벻ʲôֲҲûϳ⵽һʲôֲ
ⲻʶֲ
߿ңһۣˡ
ңһʾʼ֡
߱㲻ԥͷңָķһͷȥ
ҶǸֳʣʮһͷڳһѶ
߿궯֣ͷɡ
ʮº󣬺ڽƵĳͷһڵһĶ
߸оֵûüϸǶˣ̡һ|֭Һ
һ£ûܼʱ㿪֭Һһ½·ϣ˲һƬ
ʲô
ߺһϸŷϵ֭Һһúīˮ

ɫ֭ҺȺīˮˣɫҲˣһɰҺ塣
߿źɫ֭ҺңԱ˵˵ҪժˡѪңһҩģȽⶾ
㶵̧ͷ
ң۴Ц⣬Ƚⶾиõҩģһ㲻ѪҡҪĻǿһѪûȥȾ·á
Ⱦɫ
߾һ
ңѣˣЩ·ûȾɫҲûµȾϡ
ȥ굹ǷֹȾõǻƺɫǲûɰĺɫ
߿Լ䣬һӦȾɫĲöˣ
вǣƶø˷衣
ˣ̣
Щ̾ԻЩϸȤ


110 ֽ
ң, ѪҸ
־֭ɫŨѾǳСģڵʱв֭Һ, ·Ⱦð߲߰
ԶԶȥ, Ѫ߰, ֲ쳣
߻صҵʱ򣬼һæеĶӿ, Χס
ַǽ, ô˳ӣʲô
ң汳һûü, īͶȥ޶𱸵Ŀ⡣
һ˶һ˵ɡ
߼״æͣû, ѪҸȾɫ
ģȽߣȥ, ֱ۹Ȼ࣬˿, ȻɻѪҸʲôôû˵
ң˵ȵһҩġζ̫, ˾ҩʱ㽥ɱҩġ
Ȼ, ֲ֮ǰûнӴ
ңһðߺͼ˽
īγңͶǸĿ⡣
ңЦЦ
׼ӡһν
ʣѪҸ
Ⱦɫ߷±, ǰǿǿɫി
Ͱܿͱµĺɫȥˡ
ץŰߵҿ
˸룬ѪҸ֭Һ˳
ѪҸ֭Һȷʵǳ, , ͬһ챦ʯ
̲ס, Ҫѽ֯ĲȾһԡ
߼ȾɫĹߺȫרȾĴչ
һ˼СѪҸ֭Һɴϸ˺ֱӽҺŵ¯
ѪҸȺ󣬺ܿƮһɿζɫɲ䣬
ùӽѹУּΣСķȫȾɫ
֮󣬷ڹһ|ҹߵڶʱ򣬽š鲼ѪһƬ
ɫ̫ˣ֮ǰȾĺɫҪöࡣ
鲼ϵĵһۣ۾Ѿʼų˹â
˫ʪĲϸ鿴ǰȻһ£鲼·϶ÿ
ߣɹ˵ɹɺɫܻᰵһȡ
Ҳǳÿ
¸ߣҲ󣬲֦ϣһɹˡ
ڲ棬Ҳգıϡ
Ȳһɣ¹ˮƯϴϴɾɹڶ顣
ĳԽϴ֣ҲӲ|ֽͦ޺֮ʸС
һ鲼ɹǳƽ˳
һ²ϣ淴ؿ֮󣬾ŲʰߣǲǾͿ·ˣ
ù˴꣬ûɫͷӦû⡣
ȥҵó
ҲҪȾɫҪȻÿʲô·Ҹ㻭ͼ
߻·ĺÿ
Ȥͷ㻭ϻȥϦǳȥɼ
˵˳ˡ
ϻʱȴһ˻ǴһȺС
ҶΧ棬߼Ⱦ첼ȥؿ
߸˵䷽ҪܣҲ֪⼸첼ʲôȾֻǼҵĺ첼˳ۡ
˰֡
Ϧɫرеϼ
ҾеǴɺ
ڣҲеѪǺܺÿ
˵˵ţʼ⼸鲼ϵɫʲô
߾òɰ죬ûмɰҲ֪ɰ쾿ʲôɫ˵Ҳû취˵
ЦЦҪڿʼ·𣿡
̵ͷҪ˵˵ҪôǸ֡
·ʽòűܣܲ˶졣
ֻҪǴȥɵ˺ܷܿơ
߶Щ漰ҵܵһܴ󷽡
˸ڵ»·ʽֺɫĲʺӵĳۣûд䳤ۣԣ
ԱΧ۵Ǵһֱڿʵֳۺÿ𣿡
ЦŵͷŵǺÿǾ֪ˡ
Ƕڣڵϻ˺üͼȷΪƬ
ԱߣΧΧòϡ
˶ֽ࣬һ˸һ֮ǰͰ·ˡ
·ϣ·Ǽ
߸ŷ·òӶˣ·ҪȥԴ˵ȱæŴۣҪһ£ԭɫ¾ͺܺÿ
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խٱȽ䣬ǳɾ䣬֮󣬳ĵƤϸ塣
̧ͷͦ߳ʱϴһرʡ
ΧǶˣ쿴
ǳһСǵ飬֪Լ·Чǳá
ͷ۾ΧʵôҴ·ÿɣ
Ա߷ͷԼĶȣԼ֮ģʼ
߽𵶴ϣϰߣӻ֣ʾȥ
ǳΣһиæܹȥ۾ʣʲô£
ЦŴӱϵıһոʣµĲϣ¡
ǺɫΪǱ߽ϣ״򣬰΢һ£۳ɳȻ󽫰ĳں棬߸߰β
Ϊβһ֣װЧǳá
Լصͷǰ߼ԶӢˡ
ߵȵǿ̫ˣǳѬѣһǰһ
ǿŰ۾Ų
˺һᣬͻȻ˵ߣæȾҸ鲼Ⱦ֮һС
û뵽ôһº׷ױ
ҲҪ
ߣҲԸ鲼Ⱦ֮󣬸һС
ҲԣҪĶҲԣ
û뵽ôˡ
һ£ץ˻ΣߴٵӦҪʲôϣֺҵĻǿ԰ѲҹȾһ¾С
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㣡ǽȥժժر磬˺Щϡ
Щǻûгɼңͣÿ˶˲ٺö
ߴӦ֮ǵͰѲ˹ȾԽԽá
ڵѪҸкܶ࣬ȾʲôӦ󣬵ͿʼȾϣһȾ顣
϶ιɫϴɾóȥɹߺͼæ°ҹЩȾٹݷõʱ򣬽ϸǡ
ڶһ磬Ǿˡ
ҹϹȾĲϹǼҺԺϹŵʮƥʮƬõĳϼ
ԶԶű㼤ѡ
ǱΣ߿ЩѲ
ɨһܣڳЦź飬ȷꡣ
˷׷׵ͷ
ߣȾĻǸһĲٻһСһĲиô
ӦĻھͿ԰Ѳϸǡ
߼ҵĺ첼ΪҶС
ֻõ첼Ư·ûǻ⣬̴Ӧ
ˬ죬Ҳʮˬ졣
ȥԺջÿ˷ַ
ͬһ֯ĲҵĲȴ΢ĲͬЩ˵ĲһЩЩСһЩ
߼סÿ˴Ĳո˸Ĳϣÿ˻Сһŵĺ첼
˵Ĳ󣬻СһЩĲҲ̫ƽͻɫͺСһ֡㡱˹ƽ
յɫĲϺǳϲ׷ױʾҪȥ·󰶸һز䣬æοҪô·
ʮֽϲ֣Сǵ룬˵һȥˡ
ߴߴ뿪󣬰߼ҵɽͷһ±ð١
߳Թ緹ҳʣµĲϣһȾɺ첼
æµʣھͰЩͨͨȾɺɫ᲻̫һЩǹͷܾͲϲɫĲˡ
ָǰˡ
Ҳ࣬ʮޡ
Ⱦô಼Ȼǵسǡ漸ôˣܻϵˡ
ҲԻȤ
̧ͷǸЦЦţҪǻȥԼҲС
ϴɾֹҪҰæʲô
ãǸʲôȥɰɣҲš
Ա߿һһҲУ㲻ٹ
߳ɫ磬ѼʣµѪҸȫȡϴɾȥ󣬷ʯã֭ˮ
ɵĲҲûҶһѻ˸ɾ
󣬳Ǽ˭԰ȾѪҸȾɫ˵ȥȻ˷ȾϵĿԼС
ڼæ˰죬ңȥʱʱѾȽ
ǻҲصʱǶԺţߺңİ
һ߻̧°ͣʾԱߣкЩ˲ȾɺɫҶˡ
߷±߹ȥ
ЩϽʵϸܣƷʷǳ
תͷ磬㻹ǵЩ϶˭ҵ𣿡
ô࣬ļǵסǼһ£ͳһͬĲʱСһŵĲС
޵Ӳ
߲鿴ֹ
ĹƤԽϺ滹ѣҪͳҲס
֮⣬ǶΣЩûõףмһҲҪȻĳߵʱ߸
˰һѣԱְ߰ţкңǶ˰ɣȳԷ
ߴϳʲô
ɳ
߹ȥæ˲ˣǸСɳԣңСˡ
ЦؿһۣԾ˵ңϡ˵ԣѵܲԣ
ңԱߵ͵
æãСɣЩ춼ûô㣬ȫŵҤ￾ˣԣǡ
˲˵ʱֻСڽȥˣѵһ٣ǿһС⡣
ͷǡӡʪıȥŴȡ
ѵѵǣæòɿ
ɽͷϣ̻
ԷԵȥϴ롣
극֮󣬴ҸСʣ
òˣͰȥߡ
һ߷ߣȻ֯Сһ㣿ҰȫȾɺɫ˻󲼡
ѽʲôеģ
˵ֽ۷ĳߣϵųһӽƱ
ߵʱҲὫ۳ӵƱ
æһᣬƱһ
÷˸Ƿվˣû˯ãҵúңϴ˯ȥ
ͷҲ̧ңڵϹģȵߡ
ңӦ
Ѿˣֻ׽ߵļջȽ裬˶ѡ
ǸϵףЩ죬ֲ˵ʲôҿװƱ𣬡Щʲô
ڣհ㿴ϸһ¾ˡ
һѣЩȻϸر飬һ㣬ﳾһָлͦá
ͷһ£ܾʲôӦЧá
ȻʲôֱȪʱ򣬻û
¶õȪŸоǳʣͷԴʯͷϣ췱ǡ
ſţҪ˯ˡ
ңߣݵƤˡ
ԺҪ˯ˣֻôȪùɾĲ壬һ¡
ȣ󲿷˶ֻȹ
߶⽫һƬȹϵ䣬ƤЬȥң
ң·ڵ
һת䣬һ۾Ϳˡ
ңһɫȹļ米һխΧϣݵ˳ֽʣĲڲˡ
ңĿһԵñأһԵոպá
Ϊͷߣλ޳
ĺͬĶһôƯļġ
ߵĺסˡ
ңϴȹģΪʸУصѹޣʹȹ׹Լá
ңֿ
ɫҲƮ鶯
ңǣϡأ
ң߽ߣߵĺԼ١
ң۾Ц⣬ȵĴƸϰߵĺ󾱣Լһѹ
˶ͷŶͷ۾ܿԷ۾ԼҲܿ˵ǹ⡣
ü죬ᶯ˶
ң۾ıǼ⡣
ң۾΢䣬£촽ס촽
߸о촽ϴĴУԼϵĴ΢סɴ۾
ңһ֣ϵָĦ촽һ£󾱣ô
ձ죬Ǳ˺ü˸
˵꣬߿߼ߵңǰ档
ңˣЦһƸ档
Ϊǣһû˯á
ڶʱĨڡ
ƵؿüۣҲҶˡ
кƣһ磬緹ҵСɰ
ǸϷѩȥˣ˵Ҫ˳ε糴Сɡյ㿪ˮ
߼𣬵ͷ
ע⵽ڿԼ֣ˣЩôҲû취֯ɲ
ܾеô
ʲôѵԳԣǿҩ
ֲȱԵģõŶƤ졭
˵һ룬ͻȻסˡ
վ⣬ʲ
֪ʲôˣԭֽҾȻֽ
ãȻֽʲô
һĹߡߴǰ˫ֱסƱ𣬡磬ˣã
ʲô
ֽ
߽Ʊŵһߣϴܡ
Ҵææϴ嵽䣬һչ
չˮ
ͬʱȥ䣬ȡһʺõľƬľϳһ߱֯ľƬ׼
Ǽκһ䶼ﾡڣҲйܡ
ңҲûʡֽʲôҪôæ
һֱæ緹
߳극һ룬æ
СҲûԼڡ
죬ʲôöôרעҪҪæ
ͷãԼھͺá
ңߵߣӰͶϣ̧ͷЦһ£ңóλá
һ೭
ű㿪ʼƣˮҲô峺Ǳû
һָоǳϸ塣
Ӧòˡ
ߺңһ𣬽šɣʯ棬
Ǽҵʯִأܿ챻ĭ
Щĩзǳ߸оˣҳǸľ裬ĩľУˮȴɢ
ˮܿװɫĽˮˮ︡״
߽˽ˮˮϣǳϸ塣
ңһˮװ׵ˮֽ
ȻǡĨ˰ѶͷϵĺˮһָǻһϼӰϸϸܱ֯ĳɹɲǡ
ܳɣ
϶ܳɣǲ֪Чô
һңһ𣬽бųľҨˮ
ǵĳǳΣľ
ҡųýˮȱ鲼ÿһ䡣
Ȼ˳ֽ񣬻صľҨ˼׽ˮڳϣٴλȡ
ˮӳķ϶©ɾ±һɫֽ
ߴҳųƽ̹Ĳݵϣص˸ɹ̫ĵط
ңʣµֽЩˮҪ𣿡
߻ͷֽ˿ЧõĻҪ
ǰ˵ƶֽɹǺûס
촽첻ˣڼҹɡ
ȫģһֱڳ߻ȥ
̫һбҲøˬǲٵˮȻԵɡ
أֽͳ΢΢룬һȫֽŵӡ
ңһվڳԱߡ
ڼĦѾ˵ֽţĿԣ
ġңĺ󱳣Ŭûа׷ѡ
̫ˣȭƣֽ֮ǾŴ֣ʼˣ
ֽûɡ
߰еϲãȥһٴ͡
һˣֽûȫ
ȥԲֽ̣ŻһŸɡ
Ϲɡɡ
ȵʱǻĴͣһ
Բͣǰڣ
ûôšߵ˵رĶٴףһ¡
һʮֺ档
߷еʳң֣ȥֽš
ֽڸɵòˡ
סңһСĽųȳһ׵ֽŽ
ϵֽһ㵭ɫܹ⻬Ǻ񱡲ǺܾȣϺͦз
ȫǰϱӼֽ
Ʒ΢㣬дǾԹˡ
ɹˡϧ⻬ֽţֽݸң
ңƷֽ棬۶Ц⣬ͷ϶ɹˡ
һ˴ڱϣһ¡
ֽȷʵֹ⻬̫ơ
֮󣬻ǲףֽʲôãҲΪʲô߼۾ðỨ
ʹ㿴ңҿ㡣
Сʣ⣬ֽʲôð
֣صд
дЩʧ˿ǰùƤдⶫûƤá
ǱƤ׵ࡣ߿ССİֽ૵СĿˡ


111 
ߺңŪ˲ֽ
Щֽһƽİֽ
õֽŲóһƬƬ, ߶һӣרľ̿̿ʡ
һ˴ͷβֽŪ, ַС, 档
˶ⱾСʲô, ֻΪѪߡ
ⱾСӺ󣬾ŴУ˭ʲô, ǵһ
˲ϹæȾ, ñӼ¼Ͳ÷ȥˡ
󷽱Ⱦɫ⡣
˾Ŵ, ÿ˶ԴȾĺ첼Ϊ١е˽Ҫû㹻Ĳ, ص˲ϹȾ
̶ʮ, ߻İٶ鲼ϣԼʮ顣
ʵһ˲õĲƸ
ֽ, ÿһ鲼ȥǵһ
˵ʱر밢֣һּʻ, е׹ġ
Ѿһڼˡ
ңΪ˾, ҲдһЩȽϼ򵥵ġ֡¼ʱ
ʹֵʱ, Եͻأ
ŴߴˡĬܣֵͻȻֵ, Ҳû˭òԡ
ֽ, ߻ңһ֡ϱѧϰĺ֡
ֲڱĵط, ֮ǺŻû⣬֮Сܡ
û֣öˣͻϤܹӴµ֡
ǻὥγһµ֣һ֣òŰ
ߺңæȾ顣
ɽѪҸܶ࣬ߺңȥ˺üΣڻѪҸңһδװŴƬ䣬ֱ˰䡣
½ڶѪҸûãصڼҸɽͷһ
ѪҸǿȥѪҸֻˡ
ææµµһֹ˽ʮ졣
ϣߺңڳԷǰȥһ鿴״
Ǽﶼúܺá
䣬˶ԱߵĲҲϥǸߡ
߶ڵԱߣ鿴ˮˮе㲻Ҫٷһˮ
ңһµ룬ǲǳˣ
ûаɣ
Ҳȷһŵ֮䣬һҧѩĵ˿
£ӻǺܱ뻹ٳ£õȵ˲ܿʼո
Ҽһ¡
𣿡̽ͷңֽʣʵ̫׼Ϊƫ䣬һЩֵҲȽû̫Ĳοֵ
ްȼ
ֻֽں˽ҵʱŻһ£ң춼á
ǻںŽƤƤŽˣǻһֽ
ƤֽĳɱҪð͵ö࣬߶Դϲּֽˣǲд壬ֽá
һûùֽÿνʱ򣬶Ҷᡣ
˿ũϪϣȥֵӡ
Ǹտʼӵʱ򣬾ӻֻˣͣس񣬰ţһûԣȫ񳤳ӡ
ѾʮӣֻҪû⣬㹻ˡ
߻˹ʮꡣ
䣬ҲǸ廻磬һַǳõֲֵû
ӣȥװ
װϪˮǻˮÿǻιһʳ
ǳ÷ǳΨһвľµڣ廹ܼİװ
װԭʽĻǱָˮϪץˤ档
ֻҪˤ˵棬װûˤҲᱻɹ
߿ҵİװüζϷͰѩúһࡣ
κϷͰѩƤʱҲͦ࣬컹ϲˮһΣװʱ򣬻ñ
ʵڳԲֻֽͻȥֻϪ˼ˡ
ڵҲŲסˮ񣬰ֳֻܵıȻˡ
ԶԶϵİװһڵϼװһУֻ߸װ
˵ţŵӵš
ûʲôζӦձץİװ
üװˤ˿ǣİⱻˮĵ߰㡣
ߴ򿪰װһ鵹ڡ
߽ȡŵϪϴɾϹ۲졣
Щɫ죬ɫϡ졢пɫ顣
ĸͷȽϴ󣬲ϸѾɳˡ
ΪѡʱѡɫȽϵİ͸ɳԲŻῴ
ߣʱӦÿȡһ顣
黹У
̫УƷʲáץ飬ȥɣӦÿͷλ·ϡ
˲鿴װؼҡ
ǻûɵңڰ·˲̡֮͡
·ϿǵԵüΪˣһֱǸ¸½Ŵк
龢·Ƕ겻һ㡣
ʵϣϴʱǾѹѹ̫ݣϵЦݶס
ü̻죬Ҳˡ
ߺңһۣ³̲Ծ
ߺңǵԼɽͷ¡
峤ƳЦŵͷþò
̬ȣá
ԽòԾ
ȷʵкһûˣЩӶȥҲûôǵϢк̲𣿡
Ƶ򵥸ǱˮСҲûȥͻ½һȦ
½һȦûȥǿ϶ɵرࣿ
УǶϰˡȦǸûϢһʱ䣬ȵʱٳû뵽·ռһЩöҾǻȤ˳һˡ
ҶԺڽ֮ĶǺܸȤ
һüԱһƫͷ
ϵ̶Ŀ⣬ؽıҿӣб߿
ĿɨȥһںڷĿʯ
ʯɢŽǺڽ
һۣϸϸӣֽϵȥˡ
鲻Խվٿһۡ
ƾٱ˵Ǻˣ˴ڽϴβ˵кڽ𾡹ܹ㣬еǺöڵֳŵʱˡ
ȻһҪʲô
첼ʯҡˮࡪﻹʲôѾһ⣬Ҳ㹻ʣó㹻ĶĶС
üһ첼Ķǿ˴ѵûУɫĲϴȥ棬ÿ䶼Ըɣ
˵ðײ첼Ҳ˲ٲ
ĳæ޴İൽǰߺңչʾϸܵĲϡ
ֻһۣҡͷҺ;Ŵ˵Ľס
ЦҲˡ
ߣǲңϽµˣҪԸǣҲס
һʼ磬˰ɡ㻹ǼжҪúڽ
ߣǣֽ׶ֻҪڽ𡣡
ƣжٺڽҲˣôһڽһ鲼
ôͽ뵽ּۻ۵Ľ׶Σ
ȻÿڽĴСƷʣҿһ£
ƵͷСǲ̫ϤֺڽԼɡ
̽ڽ
ƿ𣬺ңһ鿴
ֻ˼飬ߺȻֵµĺڽе㲻Ծ


112 
ʱӴ˲ٺڽ, ԺڽϤ
ֵǿڽĺڽҪһЩ̫ԣߵĸо
ƫͷơ
΢̧°, ϸı, ܿ۾΢, ܼⷢ
ڽš
Ȼ, ƾ֪ⶫǺڽ
ⶥ򦣬һ˿Ц⡣
Щ̻̫, ûʶǧٹֵƭ, ôһ㻵¾òС
ھͿôѹˡ
Ƽߺң˵, Ц⽩, ôˣ
߻عͷ, ûô
߼鿴Ľ, ֳӲ
ⶫǺڽҲǽ˵ǽʯ
ǲ֪ʲô
߽ݸң
ңһֱһ, ̧ͷߡϳֿʯⲻǺڽ
΢ɲһҡͷʾš
ң˵, ֽʯ׻ظߡ
߽ʯŻر˫ֱأתͷǣЩʲô
߿ܿڽ, ֻôơ
һŵ첼һ첼ԴСĺڽ𡣡
߿һۡ
Щ, ܿӡ
Ʋɫؽͬ黤, ܹƽ, ȥĵطһԴСĺڽһ鲼
𣿡ζسЦЦͷƤ顣
˵̫٣顮ڽ𡯻һ첼
߿ڡڽҧ
Ǳ죬Щϵı鲻̫ȻƫͷܰߵĿ⡣
ƣ飬ٶࡣԴСĺڽ𶼹װˡ
һҲһĿ飬ߵȻ̫
ƶһ£ҧ룬ٶǽܲˡ
߶Ƭ̣ðɣɽ
һкţкڽ
ȥⷿĺ첼ó
һɽͷʡ
Դġڽ𡱻һƥ
߼ҵĲѾ޹ÿһ鲼ĴС࣬¹һһ䳤ۡ
̴ġڽһǴĴССŸǣǳò
˸ֽĴľˮȻ˫ôСʵʯͷŽˮˮˮظպóƽٽó
ߵʯͷŽˮˮسƽڽķͬ𣿡
Ƶͷԡ
Ƕû뵽취ߴߴԱ̾
취治
ߣΪʲôߵ˶ˣ̫ˣ
취ã峤´ǺʱҲ취
ߴڲʺƨĶȻֻߴ̼
̻ʮ첼ͶʮѰߵĴɾˡ
Ҳû˲֮󣬵ͷˡ
ǷԽأֱʨ˵ĵ̲ͣҪʨ˵һټ
߶ǻơ
ó˷ţǵأȳ档
̵ǰһѣѣϸѬóĲݣŨŨ̴ζɢ
峤㿴Ⲽĳź첼ڻϸ鿴ᷢ⣡
ɰĲϱһů٣էһۿȥƺڲ
Ƶͷϸ鿴û⣬ҫĻ⡣
ô˵ţƻ̲סϸֵƥ첼
ʵȾɫȣйɵζ˰֡
ҹɫУ֪˭С˵ĺöࡣ
ϻӴ򿪣ҺһӰϻĸֺö
߿ڽʱһΪʲôһ
ʲôŵģǴȥڽƷûôãҲǺڽ𰡣û١
Ҿò̫ڽ峤ʲô
˵⻰ˢˢơ
Ƴ´Ұߣ֪ˡ
峤ǰȥһΰ߰ɣЩֵĺڽ𶼻ȥ
԰峤ôڽ𣬲ȥ̫ϧˡ
峤ȥǻһɽôĺڽһ˷ˣ͵͵ô죿
ҾȥҲû£ɼˣʱǾͲˡ
һ峤
ƵͷȰѽ컻ĲϻȥҪܻĶһˡ
มǿ϶һˡ峤´úڽ𻻵óԵİɣĢʲôģȥҲ
뻻ǵĵĲĵûǵĵá
ҪѼȥǵѼҲóԡ

߲֪ǰ졣
ң鿴»ġڽ𡱡
ڽĺڽֻȽ٣ʣµĶǺɫĲ֪
߽ڽǲ֪ϸ鿴ָܾкζǳϤ
ǵģζ
ڽкڽζֽҲֽζܺܵ
üͷŬţһʱ𲻳
ͷңŹƵζ𣿡
ûУҵһνӴֽңĽ£֣üͷ΢壬ֽζȺڽء
ߵһЩŵϢҲû࣬ô˵һʹš
˻ȿȿȣţζ찡
ζðе£ƫͷ˸Żơ
ңı˵еѪζ
Ѫζ
ඥ˵ζôôϤԭζ
ңĥֵİۣϱӼ
ÿ춼ãֻǲôûõ
ԽĿʯԽУָ׿˿٣˵϶ҪȻɫ
ʲô
ڿõǻѧ֪ʶҲ״ҸϷ
վƨ|ɣңȥҺӱߵСҤ
Ҥŷ紵Ѿɣ滹ϸСѺۡ
ĺʵҤ壬пգһڴһģʵһҤ
ңӱϸλá
üĴָݸһӿɽ̵
Ҥϴòڵʵʵľ̿
Щľ̿̿飬ĥɷۣŵչʯٽչ޷ŽҤ̿ʼҤ
̿ǾѵĻԭܽԭҤ¯ľǲƳ֪ˡ
ߺңҤ¯ջֻŷ䣬Ҥ¯Ļյü
ˣǳǶûȥԣֻǸһ鿾⡣
ٺĻҤ¯͸ӳϣһһһվǰҹ
ߺңҤ¿üΣܿ̿Ľչڻ
һֱ°ҹ߸оյòˣʯгֹߣչСؼг
ڻпչޡ
չ޼гºܿ죬Ҳӻ״̬ȥ
¿صشҤ¯һľ䵱ѣ
˰ɣ΢ۣ˺üҿ뿴Ľʲôˡ
ߴнӹʯг֪ˡ
ңȼгǸͷȽϴĺɫʯͷһۿ״Ķѿڶǿ
ңʲô
߽ȭͷ˷ܵغԭĿ죬ٿ棬ӦպõĽ
˵Žǰ죬޲ңļӳֹߣԼһ
ң󣬡
˵ңչĶ˳һȭͷСĲʵɫڻ»ϸĹ⡣
۾ɴˣ
û´


113 
ܹһ顣
Щɫ, Ⱥڽ࣬չԷǳ㲻û, ôû, ܰóƬ
ͬĺڽ, ˾ö, ҲóƬ
Щ˺ܾã϶˯, ֱЩůůͺ͡
, Ҳûȥ, ڼ
ʯ, ֪Ƿʯ֮࣬ȱȽϸ, Ҳ̫¡
һ, һʮ顣
ΪЩ飬ûûҹظɻҤ¯ǰ, ͷ콹ˡ
ͷң죬ʣµĻӥ, ʵڲˡ
ң󾱣ҸҲԡ
ֲģԸƨǶϢ, һ
ֲģ, ֵҲԽԽࡣ
ںӱһƬǼҵˮ, ÿȥ, ܿˮвԣӰȫˮͷɫ쳣
ʱҲûʲôũҩʣˮкܶС㡢СϺȥʱ¨ȥʱ˳̰¨
СʰɾϺһ£Ҥ￾
ǳŵʱϣȻʱҤյһɡ
Լ跹ԣǸͷСǳԣǾѵʳ
ãﳤúܺãҰҰҰҲúܺá
ÿŶض顣
ջҰҰ˺;飬Ҳиָʳ÷ɹɲ˸ɣݲˣζǳ
߳ʱпգһ
ݲ裬Ĩֻ⣬ǷǳĶ
Ƶعţ죬ߺңջӥѾң档
ǻӥ˸æӭ˵˾ˣߴˣǵĹòˣʣµĲִе㲻֪ôŪ
ģǹȥ
ӥ˰Ǵڴʽʯֻ࣬ʯҪܶࡣ
ӥ˱ʾףڴһ龭Ƚ϶ֽ࣬ǡ
û뵽ôúˡ
⵹Ǹ֮ϲ
ߺңɵӥ塣
ӥڵˡ
һǣɽӥ򵥴к󣬵ǿô
ϸǿڷڱϵԲ
ȽϺ񣬴ףҲ̫⻬ԲͳˣһޣһϺõ
ɽӥԱ˵˵Ҫֻţ˵ҪӶ䡣ҿۼӽŻǼӶ䣬Ŷ֣Ǿأ
߿ֿǸյӸֱ
ӥһ£ôЦ
ɽӥҲЦЦ˵Ҿ˵ߴ˵뷨Ӧû᲻һǻţ
ӥʣߴˣֱҪôӣ
ߵǺһԲͲڹߣʱľֱ
ӥ˲ԣʲôԲͲ
ڵϻͼһָͼһ߱Ȼеӥ˵
ӥ˰죬ãȻ
ңɡ
һóλãңӡ
ϵƹڵõ˱Ƚϴ顣
ңüгֹߣŵҤ¯պ죬ټгƬ
ӥ˴ƵĹԱߡ
ң˹ۣһ´Сٽɰ׺Ƭ
պƬ󣬽ߺһǺӼһ㣬Ϻ㷴ô󽫶һ
߻岻֣Ա߿˰졣
ңӥ˸ɻǳϸ£һȺ˶˰ϣȷõʱѾǰҹˡ
ӥҲϴһŵ߱ϣߴ˿
պ󣬳ʻҺɫ
СֱֱѾȫˣȥûʲôо
ֱϸ鿴⡣
Ϊ켼Եʣڹر⻬Ѿʯöˡ
ңע⵽Ŀڲ⻬ĳĥʯٴĥһ顣
һЦҾÿԡ
ɽӥ׷ʣڹ˰ɣ
߳Ĵָˣرá
ɽӥ治סǼʣµǿڹ
ˡ
Ƶεһڴ
ڶ죬Ǿʹȥӱߣһôһĥʯϸĥ
ϱҪĥֹиĿɰֽѡֻдֲڵĥʯһֻ֣ץסҵĥʯʹĥ
ĥʯĥڹĥĹǳ⻬⻬أ͹ҵƷࡣ
ߵֶˣʱڵõһֱģʵģ⻬Բ
δĥڹɫ˵һȵİɫ
ڹһۿǺö
߽ŵϣ°΢̧ؿżˣȼۡ
ڹĵһӦǣڹƯƬǲ
ߣҴû뵽Ȼ⡣
ָûڣ𣿡
Ȼԡص㲻Ҫгˡÿ㣬׼
ӦûκͿ㣬취һĤȻչס
ңԱջ𣬰߽棬յͨ죬һ淴Ħ
ͨ֬죬һɽζһ߿һſˮ
ɫھֱ֮˺ڻɫһĤǳ⻬
߽Ħ˹棬ʼĦס
һһһ
ȹ涼һ⻬Ĥߵ뿪ˮ
ˮһȥһðİݣȻӿˮ
ϴ飬ŰѹϴɾصͷڿԿʼˡ
ϳ糴⡢峴ʷʲݺ;²񵰡
ǼʯߺͿʼˣҲûʲôһ
վǰ֮󣬷ͣٷױ㣬ŨƮõǡƺõƬУٻɢƬɫ֮һѴҶԷһ£һ糴ͳˡ
붼ûϴã˵һˡ
ľ²Ҳǡ
߷뵰Һ󣬼ʱ䣬ҺˣһýƣһۻƣŨƮ
ǳ񵰵ʱеȣǵһŵôŨĵζ
񵰳ãٵ²ˣϢ֮ľ²˳ٷ󽴺Ͱ֭һʢ
ʷʲ󳴣ο쳴߽ʢʱҶӻ
ˣˣڲԱߵʱ򣬻Щɵۡ
ʹſеζҲ̫˰ɣ
ص㲻ǿ죬Ǻóԣǳ֪ˡ
˵õؼһӾ²ˡ
ںԺĴȻ²ˣҶƬȽСʷۣζŨﻹһ˿㣬񵰵ĺ£ԽԵۿɿڡ
߳²˺ٳƬ
ƬƵʱҧ͵ַֻۣۣƬȫˡһҧѹ֭
һС⡣
峴ʷʲҲóԡ
ԴһζҰˣɽҰζ
Եķһ°ɳ߾ûУǶ̫ϲ
׻õɫ߲֮һһһ߳ԣûԹ
ǰһβ߲ˡ
ðġʺ۵ķʷʲݷŵ֮һҧ΢΢໹һ㱡εķʷʲݱǻӴˡ
ǻӴ
ϵķʷʲݣֿķʷʲݣ죬ԭʷʲݻζ


114 Ǿޱ
ը߼ҵܡ
ú˼ٷ, ΢΢ȥСŹƽҲôԡ
ˡ
ͷԼ֮׵ĸ̾˿
̾úС, ȻûңĶ䡣
ңȪʵ̾ʲôʲôˣ
ûһ, Ѹ, ҾҪ׼һʣ̺ܿ⡣
ǲǸ
Ǹ˵, һϵʯֹǻЩҪʯж࣬ӦûûзӦʱ򣬾Ƕһ
֪, Ǵ߻ͷ·, ÿ궼ز
ϱо仰ƲġھԵǰϰ׿Э
һһ£żʮ׵ľ룬ڸԵȪжԻ˴˵ı顣
߲ңһĻ²ʵҪҪģ
Ƿ
ԣô
ʲô
˵Ӯ, Ҫʲô
˵⻰ʱҲһӮҪʲôע
ûףңȪдһǣ
ţߵɴ۾, ʶʵ, ģ
仰һʳ, ңǱߴ͵͵Ц
߰յԼĶͷһ, µ˵С
ңȴŹĶУ
ߵĶӶ͸ˣҧֻҪ˵Ҿ͸ס
ңЦ
Ĵˮ棬žһ죬ʾԹ⡣
ңתƻ⣬ӮˣҪʲô
߸룬ӶðˣĻó
ˮ˰죬ֻ˵ǷţӮٸ㡣
߾ԼӮĸʸߴٷ֮ʮ
׼֮ܶһʡ
첼϶С
˾Ŵİһô࣬ժĶժˣһʱҲû취ҵƷ
ܲܰǵĲȫȥ
ƷҲС
Ǻò׻˽ܼ򵥼ӹһֻȥ̫ˡ
ʳǵԸ⻻ȥҪ̫ࡣ
̲Զߣ϶Ըһױʵʳȥ
̵߽һǾ
һķ硪
߳ȥɼʱ򿼲˰죬ժһ̵ʻ
ʻеҰǾޱذ꣬ۻ֦̣һζ
ڰڼñȽ١
һ˵ʱһҲȥڲɼʲ֪ﻹʻ
ߴһҵʻȥң
صʱң͸̸顣
˿ʻ϶¶˷ܵЦݡ
ߴˡ˷׷״кЦĻͼ˾˵𣿡
ЦŷʣҪȻǣ
͸˾˾ͺá˼üŪۣȻȥˣġ
Ҹ峤á
峤ˮԺºͣ˵еߵǷˣŴӱȡʻŵݵңǰ
ңʣ͸ң
߶۾ƫͷԼĵλʲô֮𣿡
ķ񡣡ңô˵ţ֮شӰ߻СĽӹʻ
߿Ū䣬һСĴ̡
ް
ң˸Ưĺչ޳޼ʻ󣬽ʻչ
߸棬
ңͷǲʲôҪ˵
ԭĻôҲ˵
עңӢӣȻҺϲ㣬еĸϲ
ңһ˿죬ǰͷĶͷҲǡ
ңͷ
θ롣
ң⣬˲һ£е
ң˫ĺǼ
ڻɽнǣǵð߻ȣʲôҲʣæˡ
ڶ컹ңŻǲֻЩʲô
֪㡣˵µʱ࣬һ
Ƶľ
ȫһҪʻȡζ͡
ǵķʵζݵķζͦš
ֻһ࣬ҲûôͱȽ٣ζҲ¡
û취̿һۣ鲻Խͳǽ
δһµե̵Ĵ
߽͵Դңϸϸ˵һ飬֪ʻ
Уɽ¡
ȥɣ
ңվûȻصظͻ
żûڸɿսңһڣ´ע⡣
ң۴ЦǼ
˼򵥳˵㿾⣬ϱժʻ
Ҫͣǲժʻð뿪δ
ժʻȥȥˣȫЧܶࡣ
ңڵǳϤǲѴ֮ҵĿꡣ
Ұ˹ֲ볤ĳطǶһƬһƬֵúܿ
ֻҰ߸ɴǾޱ
ǾޱҲǹľ֦ر𳤣߶ȴ׶࣬ŻϵĻ
ÿʱңȥժϵĻ
һƬһƬժȥܿһ޵Ļ䡣
ժˣϺҲ
ζŨȴƳǺš
û磬ѾժĴ𻨶䡣
߻ͷ߹·
ѾɽеǾޱժˣǰҲûǾޱˡ
ң˳߿ȥȥĵطժ
Щûá߰ɣȻȥ
ǽժĻȥӱϴ
ϴ껨ֽժֻꡣ
ǽŵɡ
߳ʱ䣬ʼ׼
ûʲôϣҲûйߣߺѣҪװĶԸһ£ò˶ʱ䡣
У׵õҪҺĴͳֻҪͰܾС
ʹʱˮȻ꣬ˮ˳ŹܵȥڹܵΪˮ˳һܵܵõǾޱ¶
ߺңǶǿˣȥԺӣʼ
̫ûɽǾѾʼˡ
īʱԺӶζζҪȵǾޱŨö࣬Ŀ
ߵߣʲôö
ǷתͷЦҪرķͿ̵Ŀڴ
ܲͿ̵ĿڴҲ֪ǵĿڴ϶ҪͿա
Ǹεۺܸ߰
¶߹ǵͶɹ
˰죬Ҳûչʲô治Ƿɣ
õǾޱ¶Сбչ޸ⶫζͦ㣬ɷҲ㡣÷ϴĻζƻܾá
ϸ鿴ҪĸܲģҿҪòĻƵȲ̹ͻȫȥˡ
߽չ޷źãǿɲһֻ뻻˽֮⣬ʲô
üЦЦС˲ǣ
ûСƣǽĿȷ
ҪúãҪôóĶĶҪôܻĶĽŲţ
һǸ⻰ңǸģзȵơ
æסͷţ


115 
˴½Ĵ¶, ȰҪһЩ
úܴҲ͡
ڣ˷ܵؽ¶ݵңǶ, ô
ңͷ, 㡣
Ҳ̫ˣȥҸ磡
߽¶š
ķӦȻö࣬ץչ, ۾, Ҳ̫ˣĨ𣿡
, ÷ϴ, ζӦûϡ
ԣ
˭ķҲ϶ٲķݡתͷɤӺʱǸҲҪ԰
غ, С
תͷ, ֺͰͷͷ˵¡
ֵߴߴչһͨ
ȴ¶ú, ľ͸, ͲСĽ͵
¶ܼ, ӼƳɼҺ
Һ֬ӦҺ
ƳķҺһζ, ҺȶμӾͣٴν, ܵõװľ
ʱصػ͡
͸ºͣƳķƷʸһЩ
һȫҶϤ, û̫ļ, ҪڼҺ衣
Ǹ
й˹, Чʲߡ
һ˼죬е壬Ÿõɫ﷭ȥ鿴ܾ˵㻨
ң棬̧ͷһۣҪʲô
תͷɿɨһۣǶڸСϱӺЩֹʱ򣬻ָÿĻơ
ҲᡣңʣҪʲôƣ
ʲôƶԣ۾һÿУ
ңվȥǽļһѾõķСڰ߶棬ᵶڷϿ̶
ŷм׷£һֵСݳڷ档
һ߿ţɵ۾Բˣ㻹
ңش𣬰Ŷ㻹̹ǵѡ
ңЦһ£ķĥ⻬ŵϣ㡣
˫ŷ֤ҽϴ裡
ϸպã񻨺ᾫ࣬ÿôĻʵ̫鷳ˡ
ţ
ֽ߽סҪȻģ߰ɣʱҺ棬ȴӡϺÿͼ
ԡʲô
͵Ǿޱù̿ʺ˱հ׵һҳ滭˶ǾޱǾޱ
߻һ㣬ǾޱϱӼĵ
ңϸ۲챾ϵǾޱƬ̺󣬴ԱߵĲѳһľ壬Сϸϸ
ľʵؽңִľ񶹸һûʲôһǾޱ
ǶǾޱηľǽǾޱȥõӡǣȰ߻ĺÿ̫ˡ
Եؿңǽڷָ۶Ǿ̾Ҳ̫ˣ
ңϰ߳ݵĿ⣬ָһ٣Сľֿ̳֨֨ܿһֻɰС
Сܼ򵥣ȴʮִ񣬷·һҪ
ȥץңƷǿ
ңЦЦ꣬䣬Ա߿ţ
ͷţһ̧ͷǣƺʱܡ衱ؽһ
ͷţӴбǻǼҵͷСţ
߰ңСµҪ󣬡̸ϷͰѩ
ңλãֻ̳СǣԱ߻һСˣԼ
߾̾۾ɵԲҪӲԼã
ңߵͷԺҵǵ·ȥ
ȿȡתͷˣɿӦһãҶװ
ң¿ģ塪ǾޱԼС
߽ģģӣ˳Һɫ
ߺң˼죬Ǿޱԭζ
Ǿޱ͵ǾޱѪҸ֭ҺϼµһӡǾޱơ
͵ݵ֭ҺˮŨĺĻһԲݡ
ԭζСһ͸ɫ
߸ʱ򣬾ַȽϵ˺Щ취װΣ󽫵ɵǾޱŽȥ
ɫǾޱɻǶڷƯƲۡ
Щú󣬰߻ȥ䶩һײ״ŵľӵС
벿ң̳ӣڸľӿӦļǾޱݺС򣬿̺úٽһŽȥ
ǸûװκͰװĸ߼װõһкзϲòС
ҴŸƷҰ߻ۡչޡݡȡӡϲо͡ȫǰ߼õŵĶ
ˬظһˡ
Ŵã͸˺ѣڵΪߺͦġ
߼ҵԭ϶ˣķҲࡣ
רŶ˰˸ľŷһ²˸ľϷ˽ǧ
⻹ǼҲϽȥȡԭϺͰװе£ʵǧ顣
Щľÿһ˿ʱ䡣
ȼӷ󣬰Լڣһ˶˿
˵ҽڶˡ
Ҳһͬһڶ
ôҪ̲ô찡
ǾͻˣҺңܻȥһ̣ˡˡԸ⻻˿϶ǡ
߼ҵгԲĲϣһҲ׳ɳ
ɼҲò˶ʱ䣬ңÿɣ·ʱ䱾Ͷ̣ңÿλֱĿĵء
ʱ˺󣬰߿ʼĥӡϱСʱùС˳ӡ
û룬ֻԼĥѡ˲ʯͷţԼһȥӥ嶨ȡ
˳Ϯϱӵģʽʮһһ˳ܳһܳʮ
С˳ӸݸܸԭߵԼˣң˺һ㡣
æµ죬Žá
תۣ߼ҵһȥĵӻˣ׼
˵ضȻ䣬һӦڸ絾ղӦʮ·ݸ
߽ǵһ ֳ֪ܲɣֵòࡣ
˵ѡ
еˤɹɸӡףÿһȰеҪ򵥡
һ߾Ȼôۡ
̾ʱġ
磬ڼɸӣһȺ޴졣
ǺƺƵطɹÿ˶һܲ͸ʵʵſʯ
óЩʯΪأÿ˶ɵĵֳ
ڰ߼ҵɽϣüֻһƨ|ɽϣë׵βˡ
һ붯εش
ֺЦ
ˣ
Цӭǰȥ峤ôôʯ
ԭرΣȹ߾ؿŰߣ㲻Ǻųжٺڽն٣ЩڽòԲ°ɣ
ȻᣬֻЩڽ𵽵ǲǺڽ𡪡
ǺڽʲôҪ㿴𣿡
Ȼһ飿ôһȷʵһЩȽϺá
һҭӻǣӻҲǡ
ƵϴյʯǱȽұȽϺۻ󣬺ͺڽͦһˡ
üͷ΢壬ôࣿԭв𣿲Ȼ̽ǣ
װûͦô£߿һۣЦŰٵؾܾǵļ
üͷøʲôˣĲ֪
УϢһ£ȥǵ衣
̿ƣˣرǵεķˮǲ
ͷ⣬̽յˣϵıÿ˲٣ӹˮ󣬲̫˼ظߵл
ֽĿó˳ҰϴͣϢһ¡
첻Ϣǰ㣬ŰʣǴôڽ𡭡֪ܸǻٺ첼
ҡͷûк첼ҿԸ㻻Ķ
Ƹ˷ˣ磿
ߣЩµķ
ǺܺáƲ̫ȤشǲҪķˡ
侲ҾҪµķ˵
վ˸Եȵƣȥ÷
˸ӣÿַ飬һӡ
߻û߽̣һͻȻűӣʲôζ㣡
ƶŰʣŪ˱ζķ
ֹζ߽ӷŵϣְڳƣǿ
ƺɵؿһȥ÷
ǶķѾ㹻¡
ڲôװƷ˵еľ³̶Ѿϡ
һһӣϸ۲ͼ
ߵǿһᣬ̧̧°ͣԴ򿪡
Դ򿪣һ̣ʧ˳
ϣ
ʲô
·
һʱ䣬̲סֿŰߵ潻̸
Ǻܿ췢˷Ͽ̵ľͼҲǾޱζͷǶŵǾޱ䡣
˫ֻأؿǡ
ǹ˺һŷӦ߻վԱߡ
ϧϵǾޱζһ£ʰߣô
ߵƹһ¶
ʲô
ƵؿŰߴһڹĹӺһϵӵĽ磬ʶ˶㣬ʲôģ
ߣӡӶõġ
ߴ¸ǽ³ӵĿѧԺ÷
Խ۾Խ
ųӵö˳ô
ԽǳȺͽֻ߲Ҫʡ
ôʲôҪʣǶôˡ
üЦ
ų᲻ó̡߽
ÿؽʲôҪرʡ
ƾֻǸոѾ֪ԭˡ
ˬشӦǺ
˫˵ӣĻ
ߵɫǾޱʮʯһ飬ɫݷͰɫԭζʯһ飬ۡ
ַɱҪͲ١
Ƹ콲۾ͱ߶»ˣ죬ǻô࣬û˵ʲôŻݡ𣿡
һٿһͬҪ٣
ƿˡ
ǲԼͬ𵭷ɫǾޱ
ƵȻһٿǾޱٿʣ¶ʯ
һٿǾޱһǧʯ
ϵЦ÷ǳԣУһ¡
ߺǳʯʱ򣬴Ǻң½
һæ
Ⱥкңӣգ۾ʾӮˡ
ңһ˿Ц⣬΢΢ͷ
Ƿ䷳ؽÿһʯװĳ
һǧʮ߽ʯ
ãվһʮǾޱһٿټʮĿԭζ
ζ飬չʮ
ʮ߼ҴͷҲûҲһС
ǿѵСɽһʯٿķʹѡ
ҪȥϢʱ۾һ߼ң۶д۲
֣صغͰ˵ǻЩһ£Ǵչʯߺڽ
ǿɵþ졣һᾡҪĶĻǿɾ˵׼֪ġ
һᾡ


116 
ߺüûȥ, ȥһǼҵȻӨӨС
ЩСѾлʼӲӲӰ
Ӱһ鿴ȥ, 𺳡
ң, Щ֣ôˣ
ҡҡͷ૵ҾȻӣ
ô磿
ǰûֹϱ, ֱп֡
߶ڵŸս, о˺ܾá
ƴԺѰ֪ʶ, һ׹ô¡
һԷֳ, ΪϱӽӴӹ˾
ֳĸ, , 溦, Աֺõ״
ⲢζŲӲ֡
ֻӲ, ᳤ñȽСҲȶ, һũ˵
Ⱳȫһ
ǻõǴҰֱڵĴ, û˹ѡҲûϵ
Ҳ˵ȫԽֲַ, 鵱˲ֱֿ֣Ӳɢӡ
ֱӲɢӵµЧʵº״ȶ, ˵⡣
Ƕ˷һغͶ, Ƕ, ҲͶ
Ұ⵽ǻĵأֻҪѡһأѺ֣ջ٣ǶԿ
ϧӣ૵ǳˣһҪúռٲȥ
ң̧ͷ˾֣
ԡɹɣżͿѿᷢѿͿ֣ѿ˵¶Ȳԣ괺˵
߿ǰһƬҸУôӣ㳢ԡ
ʲôСһڣӡ
ǣ
Ժȱã
ң᲻ᶳܶضᶳӲ
ˣȷʵǸ⡣룬˵ǰֵȪôǱůһ㣬Ҳɣ
취УǵȪԶһ㣬ˡ
ԣϲ𿿵ֻ̫ҪزϾСǿȥѵأǱߵȽϷ֡
ãŸµĻ
Ҫ
ʱ򣬵ýøһЩʵĻȷʱ򲻻᳤棬Ӵ±Ƥࡣ
ȥӥ塣
߼ڵ࣬ӥ硣
ǼͷţѾˣԳеΡ
ֻҪϸӲݺʯ飬ţ
ȪȽɣţִ߹ȥ¾һС
ԭüĹһɡ
ĵˣߺңʯ顢Ѻͳѵϵ׷ʡ
ĵԷһʱ䣬Ҫֵʱٷһأֲһ
߼ҵһһ
صӳ졣
һӳ̲ժŵ峿ɹ죬ɹɺţˮʼѿ
ΪͰϱӵĲͬһƷ֡
ӷѿĹ̾Ȼǳ˳
û죬㳤ϸϸСѿ
Сѿǳһôһ㶼ܰСѿۣ鷢ѿȫһ
߸æңһСѿֲȪѳĲ˵С
Ȫ¶̫ߣÿϴʱ򶼻רȥһˡ
СѿһֱܿۻתΪ̣Ҳ׳ʵ˲١
㲻صһ紵ܽǴۡ
߿ЧһСŴһȥ
뿼һܲȻԽ˳㿴ͬĵطӰ졣
ҪܽС˾͸ˡ
Ŵ䶼ˬشӦˣ׷ױʾὫڲĲ˵
ѿȥĹУ߼ҵ罥ÿݻƣӦÿˡ
ר˸죬ңϼˣűһȥ
᲻̫£ҲһСأܹʮõȫһ
ôòˣҪһյϲã
˵ʲôζ
ԡ
ǰ߼ҵһֵʱǳģ¢úܸߣҲܴ
һøСľһ㣬ÿһ궼ôߣï쳣
ͷ˺üǶȣѳͷȥֹסˣҪôڣȻȿɣ
ÿ˫ֱס磬£һ飬ץסϰΣֱӰΡУ
˵ֱӽһ˳
ǵͨ죬õһ˲䣬ʧȥƽ⣬˺üۿҪһڵϡ
ңںססͷûͦࡣ
ߴȷʵС
˦˦֡
ϳëˣȴҲ˾ò
ǰļƤƣıңȭͷСĸƹ࣬ССһ
īǰ
ȵ˵ûͦడ
ⲻˣ϶в١
߽ϵժ뱳Уȥ
ȽϴǲֱóͷȥȻ׽ڳ롣
Ǹϸ»
һóͷһܿҵ
Щŵһ񵰣ССڵźϲˡ
Աһʮʮʮĸһʮĸ
ʮĸװС
߶±ʮĸУСľްԣƹСһʣ¾ŸССͷ
кöˡڣһڵ١
һһ֣鲻ط顣
ʮһٶʮССװʮһ
ԼҲûϵȻô߲
һԺǾŪһĻĻпңβٵʩڷۡ
زȴʵûڵˮ
ջοһࡣ
һصңһȲϢһ£ҸóԵġ
ң棬æ
īԭæ龰ס˽Ųȥǡ
̱Ǽõľϣץȷ磬ǰ㶼붯ˡ
ڳϢһ£ȳԾˡ
ĲסࡢŹǡ˿
ջʱѾʼˣ˼ò׻ôӣ᲻óԣһͲС꣬ڿԺúóһ١
صشӹ˼͵ţ
Ϻը
еζܿƮԺӶǡ
ϽһըøӼһС̣ϿӺҧպϣݸңζô
ˮըեպպζһ
ңһϰѯʵʱÿӼһպպպϵݵߣ㳢֪ˡ
óԣ
ԴԴһЦֳַ˺ü
ֱӣӳűպÿֳ໡һɤӣС
ֱ׳ʲôСǳԲˣ
ŵζòУԲɲ˵
໽ҲҪԲˡ
ֻűߣҲһ໽
ߵӣܿԳԷˡ
߼ҸһӣڳԵס
׷ʢʱðš
߽Źʢˢ󣬴ʼ˿
Ǽûдף
ҧ̡֭һ֭˿ϸ˿һ㽴ɫ
ٷ󽴺ΣȣһѴлɿڵ˿ˡ
Է
ߺһɤӣҶ˲˵Ķ˲ˣÿӵÿӣ׼
һҲԼͬؽ˿
˿ֱִ࣬·
ߡ˻һ۾ˡ
ǼеζǴ˿еζ
˿ʮֺóԣŹһҲ֭ζζػһһһ飬ȫͣ졣
һ˿һ飬Եͷ󺹡
Ҳǣ÷ɿ졣
һٷÿ˶Գˡ
īҤ˳̡ۺҿýƵ࣬ҵƷ
óҨ˿
ǳһڣ𣬿ڸܣ˿ȵζͬ
ֵµ࣬棬һһζ
߸һŽ
ȳһڣпմ𣬡ȻбԺҵըԡըѹɱһۣζŽһ
룬ҡͷѾܺóˣ벻


117 
ߺңȥȪʱ, ġ
߾ýǹرƯ·ر̧ͷ˵˾, Ư, ϱӼƯˡ
ңһ̧ͷһ˵ǿˣ⼸ǿնرá
һ, ǣֱԭҪˣ
ֱԭ˵ĴͼС
˾Ŵ佻ԽԽ, ֮ǰԼĵط, Ҳ
֮, ҵҵҲԽԽࡣ
ֱԭеĵλԽԽҪΪҶ֪Ĳʲôö, ҲűĲóö, ȥеԽǡ
˷, ǽҪ첼ͷȥ, ܻܲʲôö
һʳȥ
У, ٴ̵գĢɳɣ
, к쿪
ȫü
߼ҵʳ˾ŴжʮڴʳȥȥĿܡ
í˾ڶﶼûȥ, ڼһʳ
ɡ⡢ѼաɳĢ顭һƮɽͷԼòС
߸о, ¶ӳԳ, ⻹ͷ
һ, ǳ˵ҪǱ˼ʳҿٻһƷ໻һԵġ
ߺЦһҲŲš
ҵ۾Űߵļͷսϵǲд˶ʳĿ
ƿŭϻн֭ң
һԵǴ棬ʵߣҪҪȥæ
ҪߵңҪȥǣ̫пգһ˲̫˵ù
ң˵ֻȥҿԺһ̯
ʣ᲻᲻̫ã
ңûʲôã¾С
߶Լ˵һᣬȫҰ̯
ǰңԤڶϿա
ֱԭоͿ˵Ĺʶ
һһˣæҰ
Ƕʢװһ¡س̶ȣͰ
Ǵͷ˿źһ¡
Żǣ˵óԼΣҲʼ硣
˺ڽȦ鷢׹͸ָĶ׹һɰ쳤ȹʢװ޶ˣڻкۡ
ǿз׷¶ĽĹâ
𰶣ߵĴ͵࣬һϮɫۣ˺췢֮⣬ûбװΡ
˲أ׷ȰҲϺɫȹӡ
Ƥףȹӵʱʮֺÿ
ߵң촩ɫļ
ǲԣ˴ɫļôˣ
ߣɫͰɫװ
ۣ
Ƿ׷¶̾ı飬ٲ߰߻·
߲·Ҳͻһߡ
λǱȽ⣬֪Ҫңһߣֻǳ¶ζЦݣٲ
Ƿȥϵ㣬࡮ദһҲûϵ
ȥϵǡߵǷɵñˡ
һ
ͻǴŽҪ̯ҪȥƷߴߴطˡ
ī緹һˡ
ߵң
ǼǵĴӣһɽң顣
վɽ¶ɽϵ֪ңæҲȥ
ɽϰң
ңȻһɫļ볤ȹȹԵøϣ
ȥǿȹӣ̲סĶ
Ѿһˣ߿ңľΣٿĸ̲סȥҲ̫˧ˣ
ң׽סҴ֣
ˣúܿƣðɡ
ңĸĽö¿ˮˡ
ң۴Ц⣬
һᡣ֣һѣǲǵ㻹Ƿһע
֮ǰ̵ϴ˶ģӮˣһʱû뵽ңʲôǷš
ңֿסҪǸעʱ򣿡
룬ˣԺöעҲ
˭˵ܲˣţ
ֱ׳ֲˣˣ
ɽɽ¶ûˣҲû˿ԹܵǺ
߳ңֵܾ˺һᡣ
ȥͲңĸѾʽѹϵԼѣһôˣ
˺ֵ̫ˣűŶֱԭϸϡ
ǳ·ɵúܿ죬ϵʱҲѾˡ
ֱԭнĹģۿɼرȥöࡣ
ǵϵʱˡ
ϵÿ˶ʶǣǺǴкָԼƷ
̫ˣְ˽ŰȫܾҲԺŵˣֻܴ򿪱ҳԵա
ġ
ȻûŴôԣһܰɷŵģɿڵĵպ⣬һڣζõòС
˱ʾҪʸǻճԡ
߱Ǵӵȥ̯Ҹһõλãλɨˣ֦Ҷ
ߺңհѱĶóͿš
ۡ⡢ɡÿ˶˲ٺö߲鿴ԷıҵԼȤĶ
ھһС߳󣬼˲ҵˡ
ĨŶͷĺˮոҾͼˣǼ
ߵҲû뵽ǴĶôܻӭڿɡ
ʰƷʱв˼ʾǵĶȤ뻻
߶û꣬ƷѾȥ֮һ
īԱ߿ţʵҪҪһؼٴһ
߿˲ٵĻͬصͷҾúбҪ
ңҲһȥ
𡣡ۼֿסֱۣҪȥˣȻҪô죿㻹һ׼ȥɡ
˵ʱ򣬻ͣ˼̯ǰһֱ⡣
īҪؼҴڶƷԱǵĶԻԸµرʾҪīһȥ
ûüܾǾʹӵīˡ
Ѿ죬󣬰ȺİΧ£ͷ󺹡
ȵһС|ȥ߿Ⱥžȵطֱ֣ԭж˲İˡ
Щİ˲ָʶˡ
ŴһҲôˣδظʶе졣
Щİһ
ϸû˵
߻Ⱥпһʨˡ
ʨ˺Ŀʱ򣬳Цһ£кߴˡ
ʣôҲˣ
˵꼯ر֣Ҳţ䡣
˵˭˵֮⣬ǲǻбĲ壿
аü˲嶼˿֣ЩҲ̫
ߺʨ˺Ѽ䣬һ첼һ޷ۡ
ʨ˻б̯λ䣬뿪ˡ
ⲻôæ߶ǰǡ
ܿ죬Ⱥзּر˺ˡ
Ǽ˳úǺܲһձȽխƤܰף仹ģеĶ䡣
ҪǣϺͱмֻè
è
ЩèϱӼè࣬䣬۾ͣƤëֻǸͷèҪܶ࣬ÿһֻʮʮ
Щèè۶Ǻ棬ԲèۣŶҿ
߲۵ضǼֻè
Ⱥ˺ܿͷ˰ߣֱ̯߹
áȺ˴кߴˣ
Ǻá߲˼ЦЦһǵһμǣˣ
塣һ˵ҾͲµǵһμǡ
ߺ˵ʱĴè̲סļͷ쳤ӿߡ
ƵسèޣСЦЦ
СӱЦݹ̵ôߵشյøʪıͷŰߵ֡
̲סֻСӵԴ
Сһ㶼⣬һ¡
èƶеĵͷðߵ顣
ߴ̯˼գÿֻСӷһЦʣ뻻ʲô
˵ˣڱǴ㿴ҲûŻʲôرĶ
СǷ׷ҧգ˺ҧ
üֻСӷǳϲգ۾ˣצãԵ÷ǳ
ǲԼԣεҳߣüҳҲԡ
ôТ˳Сðָóʣ˼Ÿˣʾġ
˳Եøˣɴ̯ǰ
ԱߺòײϻæԼҵĲƷ˵գǻɺͽѼӦûǵĿζ
۾һʲô
ЦŴӱɺͽѼ
ƳɣԭζںֿζտڳԾͺܺóԡ
ӺչڳһСɣ뱪Ʒ
ңƬ˽ѼһԣСǩųԡ
˶ǵʳǳ棬ôһƷᶼˣ
Ҳ̫ó˰ɣʨ˵ǵպãԭ̫š
ǻʲôóԵģйʵӣǿܻʲô
ԶԶԣҲУǲеӣ˵رϲӣЩӿɲԡ
˸ûּۻǸ˵Ҫʳ׷״򿪿ڴͱ𣬰Ӻʹ˳
쳤ӿ
ǴӺ͹ʵȷʵ࣬Ҳ滹һƤɣóǲûصΪεļ׼̫Ķ
ʨ˿ϱûʲôΪȤżЩӿԽرóԵҰˣ㿴
Ŀŵ棬˺һԽԽãӣҿЩ죬ùҿ𣿡
Ȼôԡ
ӵݸߡ
߽ӷָңָǸһϸ
ЩͨϸףЩɱñһšһֹϹе
ܾر죬һʱ벻
תͷңĿѯǷң΢ɲҡͷ
Ȼңûмӣ
˿üæûƭǣӽĹرóԣǻĹӹǿ
иڱ﷭һᣬһɫĳӡ
滹аߵ㣬ٺܴ
߿еۡ
ˣҲе۵ʵѵ۵ӣ
ʣӿֱӳ𣿡
һ㲻ֱӳԣԵĻҲԡ˵źˬؽеĳӡžһһΪһߣ㳢
ȷʵ𣬰߽ӷֳķݣ˺ңһݡ
Ȳһڣζе֣йɵζ
ңԳԡ
ҧһСڣŷӵƤӲˣƤ
ۡ
ϸƷŷ֣Ӻ۲񣬻ɡ
ϤζⲻϹ
ٳһڣܿ췢˹еĹӡ
ϹӵζϱӳҲơ
Ϲϣ
ϹӡϹƤϹҶˣϴ
һѾؽӷŵƤϸ۲졣
ϹôСζ
ڴؿҪֹ𣿡
߻ع񣬡Ҫ
̫ˣǴ𣡡
뻻ʲôǵķͺ첼ǳá
˰ߵĽܺҡͷʾȤ
߻ͦǻϹϣͷӱҳССأǵСҲǳ
ҪСǶûǵצӺݺá뻻
СӲڸǵļϣҡͷ
ЦˣҪʲô
գ
ɣ
ҪѼ
Ǹɫʲôź㣬ҪǸ
ûѡκƷȫѡʳ
ǻȥóԿĲһ֮ࣿǼҵķǳܻӭ
»ذɡһӣǽȥԣ컹ǻ
һ˵ϧñȽԶҪȻͿҹ˴ǻˡ
ǼеʱҲ𣿡
ߣġ


118 С
˽ЯʶɳԵ, ֮⣬ʲôҪ
߻ǵһμĴĲ壬ϲǵС, ͣ˱˲ʳ
˫ֱ, ߵʱ, ǿ, ǵڶ컹ð߶׼߿ЦõشӦˡ
˱, 嶼ͦ, ǽĹҲ˳
, ңʼ׼, ߺͼ˼̯
̫ɽһСξʱ򣬰ǼҴľ󲿷ʶȥ, ջ񲻷ơ
û, ̯ӣüȥ伯С
ֱԭеһֱǵղŽɢȥ
߼ҵĶ࣬а˰æһֻȥ, ǼԼҲһֻȥ
ɢ, ʵң
Ҫңһȥ
ңΪ˾, æż顣
볡, ֡
߿ӢңȺ, ᲻Ųۡ
ȥûʸ񿿽, ֻȡ
굹ǹʸ, רŸϹصȥ, ȴûʲôȤ, л
ڵһֱң
ﴫĸ赸ĶŲ̤ڴϣ˵ؼġ
߾棬̧ͷǡ
Щǲ֪Ϲ˶ãҲ֪ܹҶãҲĿƼѾܷˣǿĻͬһƬǿա
ʲô
רעʱһֻգ⴫
ץסֻ֣ңֶֻϣңЦЦˣ
ˣʰؼҡ
ߴ˸ǷôãòС
ңΣʣһɻؼҡ
ϴ˯˸þڶһˡ
ϴæ
Ь̽ͷ￴ǲҪʳȥʣ
ըͽŪˣ̫鷳
ϵʲô
˳Ŀ⿴Լ֣һɫϹϡ
ϹʿѲ࣬󲿷ֶǹ⡣
Ϲгɳס
ߵԡ
ʲô𣿡
ǣ׷ۡһ׷ۣû
ˣû뵽Դ̽ͷ̽ԣŪó𣿡
Ķôܲóԣ
æֵµĻӻִϽȥϴ
ٿһᣬߺ˼䡣
ȥϴңɽϷ߰æ
߿۾Щû£
ˣʲô£
ǽǲʲô¶øɣԾ棿
ʲô
̯ڸ䣿
ԡ
һ˵һ߸ɻ
ֽŷǳһͰѲ׼á
ҪǷ⣬۵׷ۼӵƺãϹ棬ٰʢŵ
ĵԷǳãջ𣬲һðˮ
ζˮƮõǣӣоڹС
ﲻס㰡ԭǷζ
ûô֪ʲôζ
һҲ֪ˡǲǿˣȥǻԷ
īһȥιιǻȥ
ϰ߶磬ߺͰٴλס
ߵӾУӦ
ðɣȥӡ
ںԺӺλ׻Էֲӡϴ롢˲ˣæת
īܿ
һϳԷ⡢˺ͼ㡣
óԣ׷۵ķζ΢̣Ϊ·
µϹŴζ׷㣬ζ㡣
Ϲϣŵǰ˺üۣû뵽˵ĵطȻĺö
ҲˣϹϸͷȻСζ㣬ϱĳЩرϹζ
ߵںԺһ㣬ǻ˲ӡ
ڵðҺһ֡
ң̧ͷһۡ
ңĿ⣬΢٣Ҳǣͼ˾˽Ϊ£òԱˡ
߶΢죬ķ
ң¶Ц⣬԰Ͷ͵Ŀ⡣
ǻû극ˡ
Ҳʢװ磬ͷξαۻһȫ֮⣬ϻźŵǾޱ
߶ԴûʲôȤǾŰԣǰıҪ·
߲廰ײͦÿ𣿡
˵·ôԴڶ飿
ǡ촩˺ɫ·촩ɫİɣȾȹرÿ
Ҳɫĺÿ㲻ʯͷΣͷΣɢͷһǳÿ
СǴչ⣬߶ңԱŲŲ
ķȽ㣬ʲôģٺÿʲôã
ٰ뷹֮һƣԵϴ룬ȥ·ˣ
ȥɣϴ˵ЩΣҲá
Ȼϲ磬ͷ㣬ֱʯȴϴһǸĲ廻ģʱתΪʣƷ
ڵƷûĶ࣬ʽҲûر
ԴϲҾͲˡ
ʮִ󷽣òſȥɣֻҪ˾С
С׸׵ĺӣֵδȥˡ
ˣҲûڼҶͣ߸˵ؽˡ
Ǽ콻˴󲿷ʣ첻ô̯ü˲ذæ
ұȥˡ
ߺңʳһȥС
Ǽ֮ǰʳǴ
ҲΪ˸Լصشôʳȥ
˵˼ûþͷ˵Աı塣
콫ʶˣȥִġ
ߺң˲̫˼ʨ帽ǲԵ̣ǲô̫⼸ֻСζرãǿԳ
ǼֻСһۣǼֻСǳϸۡ
ЦǽһĢͶ뻻ʲô
ʲô뻻㿴Ÿɣˡ
ôˬҲСÿʳﶼǻ˲١
˻֪꣬ռˣرߺңпյʱȥǲ档
Сرϲߣ֪ҪˣصشӸֵĸ첲ڰ߽űʹߡ
߱ϲë׵Сô飬ɴֺúúСһᣬֱÿһֻߣ÷Ҹĺ
ҲҸ۾
ȱˣңڰ߶ʣôϲˣ
ûе¡Ҳܿɰ̶ܿɰ
ҪҪ
ҪߺԥǺܿɰԼĻˡ
̧ͷܣûע⵽ǣսңౡһ£Ǻܿɰɰ
ߵŵһλ̣ҲҪ档
ңЦԡ
С룬Ҫ̣㣬ҲңС˭жŵڶλԻ˰ɡ
ңĲӣƱ硣
ʵ˾ͦõģҪϲ̵ĻҲǲܿ
ϲҲ͹ˡ
ȿȣ
˵ʱ̯λǰԣǡ
пˡ
ɫ̧ͷˣǺá
ȿ˺Щȡ
ǰĿ˳Ƚأǰݡ׾ºֻǵʱǼġ
ǴּʱʵϷ죬ſһڼе㺦¡
һ֪ǲˣǰĲ壬ûˡ
ңʣ壿
ԡǺðǰ¶һƵЦݣǿڼͦ󣬡˵رĺö
ңڰ߶߽ܣǿ壬˵һ塣
߲µˡ
ǿǿڼܴ²µˣϻһɵˮζ
ЦЦ֪뻻ʲôǴĶ̯ˡ
ǲһֽĶ˵رá
ߡֽܵõķ֮ǰûпǹ˵ˮãӴҺܻоȽϴ̼
źĹâûϵƽʱҲˮһ𣿡
Ȼԣǻһ£ζֱǾޱζζԭζǿϲ֣
ԸϸŶԱȡ
صĻơҷζǶĶʽǷǳ档
߷ǳҲǣԱЦſǶԱԱȥ
ͷǸ˵ϲ뻻ʲô
Ǵʲô⡢ƤëʲôԻֻҿҪȿһ
ɺĲ˵˷ǳϲɺ顣
Ȼԡ߶˶٣ǸǼҲ飬Ļܻ̫ǡ
ˬǿɣʵɺ֮⣬ҲһЩʯ
˵Ͱѱᵽߺңǰ
̬Ⱥ⣬Ҳû£
򿪱𣬲ŷһ飬ɺͱʯ
һǣ
߳ô󣬻ǵһμô౦ʯ˲е㱻ⱦıۡ
һʱ֪˵ʲô
Ϊ⣬ۡһְһ˦˹ô಻ﻹһ𡣡
߼ѵʿˮ̫ˡ
ûϵ㿴Իٷ
ǶҪʲôζķǾޱζĻǸǻһǧֿԻǧ顣òŻô࣬ˮһڻˡ
˺⣬Ǵһ𣬽ͷӶ
ǵϸᣬû̫˵ʲôܲµⵥҪˡ
ô鱦ʯ
߸оеʹͱʯôȤôƱҪߣǷǳˬ
ʿˮǼҲбʣûҪǸȤĻһ£Ȼؼá
һߴߴĽ
ˣ̧ͷһʵ˵ǼرƯǿԹȥιһڼϹòˣ뻻ĶȥǼҲι껻ʣǾҪȥˡ
ͻȻŴʹشӦˣĵôȥǷںϿգǴ·
ã֪ǼҵλãǾܷɣһ͵ˡ
˵һЦǣźߡ
кҪںΣ˳źε߼ȥ
ˮһӣ°߼ǰĺ֧ӿҲʮס
ˮʱ㹻ںڡ
֮󣬰ң˵ĵϸ
ңڳһĵطƽʱסںϣҪĵطǺ
ô˵Ǻ㰡
֮ǰû̫֡Ƣȳദ
Ǹˣ񳤾Ƣ꣬е⡣
˵ȽϺദôǶཻʣǽӦñȸ彻
Ҳôϲû²صطɵǵСȥ
ϸ˵ھӡ
ھҲڣֻеԱա
һ³ľס
ǲҪůҲḻɽкȥһ߶ҵʳ
ס⵺ƽʱҪںʳӷʢҲȱʣϲʵ
뵽鱦ʯһǿĺøС
⵺ûȥĵطʶܷḻҪϲҴɹȥܱǵĵطԶ
Ƕࣿ᲻áǸͺáߣǸϽȥܲ⡣
ǰ֪ٶһ壬ܷɣֺãϻֱ߾УڵߵĲƴ̫ˡ
ǻصʱȻû
߱ʾ⣬¶صңȥĺӱߵȡ
˹ܵһʱ
˵ϰ׼û뵽վһ˺ﴫˮ
ôô죿߾ȵ쳤￴ûһͿ߻֡
ţô£
Ȼ
߿ǵϰ˶סˣǵһμֻһ
ԭ
ңߵĸ첲ʾǰߡ
߻عæϡ
ߵһʵм㣬Ҳգضź棬֪ˮµβ;ж೤
Ŀ̫רעǵ׷¶졣
Զʱ򣬿ǰһӾķʽ

ãգգ۾ô£ô任Ӿƣ
˿ߣ˳Ƥȹϰˡ
Ⱥ޳¸ӲߣҲܿóǵȱϰҪ
ǳ
ǡ
ǵβأ
ôһβͲصȥˣ
š߶ǣԴһʱת
Դ󣬿˿飬Ϊﲻףôˣ
ǵβأ
ʲôβͣ
Ǹոˮεʱ°β𣿡
ңȷӦߵԴ
ô£Ц԰˵ΪˮµʱõβͰôֱܳα䵽һ
ҲعҾ˵ôϰΣεô졣
ǣС
û̫ס
˿ãĶ
һ˳Ĵ˸ָﴵڣԼ
һ룬߿ʲô˳
һֻֻһǱȺУ⡣
ڿƬֵ̣ˮ
ߵɴ۾˼ؿźġ
˵ǵС࣬ǳŵʱСôǵٶȿɣ
еĿ̫ˡ૵һƺڰУԡ
̫ˡ
û뵽˾Ȼ
˰Ȼ
߻ز
ңļ磬ɽߡ
߶˶ʿ壬ǵСôںûϵǻ᲻ܣ
ᣬǶϰˡ
ô𣿡
Ȼѱ˺ܾð


119 
ߺͿɽʱ, һֱƵƵתͷСࡣ
վڰɽ͸ˮ棬ЩСģ
ЩСĳͽںͻ֮, Բ峤˵Ҳ߰ף΢Цǿǳɰ
ߺͿɽʱ, СǻͣԽˮϷ, ǵƤ·âǳ⻬
ָҲǳеԡ
߷һ£߲
ңڰ߱, ʾǰߡ
תͷңһۣ۶дſ档
ңǰߡ
̣̲סͣ½ŲĽʵҲС𣿡
˫ڰ׷۾, ˺ߣüͬʱ˶
Ϊˣ
оͬԥ, ʧеСǵĻ飬ôܻ
Ϊɫ˱䣬ϾҪܾ
߶ϵı飬˲ʧϵͷҪ
Ϊʲôܣңִڰ߼ϣڣ˵СҲԸ顣
û뵽˵, ϱ鶼Щ⡣
ңԸ⸶㹻, ҲὫС൱ɻ顣ޡġ
ͣסŲ, ˴˶ӡ
дΪѡ
Ϊ˵ֻǿһ, δؿС, 𣿡
ͷ롣ǿȥ
ԥһᣬΪ˻ǵתŲߣҲСʵǲˮСҲûʲôá
԰ô䣬ǲˮġ
ǻӾСϵʱżֵˮҪǲӾĻ鷳
˵ÿһڰ˵⣬ϸһоˡ
˵ͷ
˿飬Ȱ
ߵӱߵʱСǹӭӡ
߿ˮСһԲ۾΢Ц촽̲סὫַˮ
ߵˮƯСǡһɢֺ˦βι˿ΣС̽ߵķӦ
ЩСһĴֺ档
̽˺üΣȷûж⣬Сǲᴥߵġ
Сǵǲִֿ󣬰һֶֻ
Ҳûа˼ֵֻСһƤ
СǵƤȻͰеһ⻬
Сƺϲůƣײƣ﷢Ľ
ǵģ
ЩСǻУֻǽ;󲿷½ϵﶼͬӲҪݣǴе
߶յøһЩ۾СкǺѽ
СǺˣſ΢Ц׷׽
߸ߵ͵͵һһ
תͷ˵ദûͦ졣
ҪЩһһ̲סЩһԵö࣬Ըûеô졭
û˵꣬СƵģ׷װβιˮ棬˦һˮ조ؽ
תͷޡһεǳ𡣡
΢Цɰ
߻Ǻ
˺Ͱ߲죬ңмֽ顣
Ϊ˵СǵĻ飬Ҫ뻻û˭
߿ֵµСһۣɵˣôʣ
ֱʡ
߽Žɵؿ˿һֿۣŵµС࣬ԥЩСһ˭ҵ𣿡
Сȥǲ֣ûͣ˼
ң
ңǲ̫С๵ͨ
ΪҡͷǾû취ˣĹͨСԸ⵱ǵĻ飬Ҳû취
ոȺС໹ˮˣ߲̫һ㶼
˵ǵҲû̫Ĳ
ߵͷСǣû˭ԸǵĻǼرĺóԵģرȤĶ
Сȥ
ͷңǲǸðʳԳԣ
˵ǲԸӦ˵ǲ̫ȤʳҲû̫ô
ֵˣɽϾǼңûãҳһ
˱˴˶ӡ
ֵСǴôԶĵطʲôɫʳﶼûƷҲ̫ˣǲԸǵĻ飬ҲǳԱٻȥ
ѻ˵ϣûܾ
߸˵ضңдǣȥȥ
վ͵رΣųһֱɽϷȥƬ̱ʧ˴֮С
ڵʳֳʱˣһ㶼ûģ߽䣬ʳ
ɡɡѬ⡢ۡǹ㡭һһͨͨװһ
ȥʱСѾԶӱߣںתתȥϷˣ
ߵӰСߡ
ЩСȻ֮ǰĻ֪ɽȥʳˣ
תͷϲؿң
ңͷ
ʿˣֱιûʲôܳԵĶ
Ϊ˿һı𣬡ιɣĲܳԣǻԼ³
߷ιˡ
Ѭŵܽľ룬սСʾԳԡ
С۾ŵѬ⣬Ƭ̣Ŵ죬һ£ǿѬ⡣
ֻС໹עһ㶼ûơ
˺С඼ֻСһ
ؽһֹʳ
СǿͬķӦ֪ߴʳ׷״սǲᴥֱۣʳ
߿ֵ¶մһֻСιһ㣬Ѭιɣιۡ
ңһι
ܿ죬Ǿͽһʳιˡ
СǻΧǽűתתȥʳ
һ̯ʾһ㶼ûˡ
СǾǲߡ
˿СǣƵСüһô
δ䣬ֱСһˮ
߶ʣû˭ԸǵĻұ֤ÿ춼ǷǳԵʳ
Сȥֽǳԥ
ĵضȴ
ȥһֻɫСγǲġ
Ƭ̹һֻɫСγ
һֻСγ֮ҵĹǣӶγܿ죬߽ű߾ۼֻСࡣ
С࿴ҲʱҪ
˿Ļըëˣüĥż˺üȣô£ΪһԵģҪǵĻ𣿡

ѵƽʱûιǣ

óҲУûΪ˺óԵģǻǡ

ƭҲУôΪһԵģװҪǵӣ
˵Сǳ
һһĥ£һͣˮ
ⳡ濴ǳɡ
Ϊ˷ʮͷ
Сң˵Сǵ̱еĻҪ߰
ǵȷǳ˵ӽ˵塣
Ա߿˺Сʵеس˰죬ֳʤ
ֻСںӱߣĶεȥˡ
Ϊ˵СԸ⣬ǿֻǡС˩Żţʳ桪ǳԼʳòϺŪ
֣صͷ֪
ˣżС࣬ҪǶС಻ãͻǡ
Ӧ¡
˵СҪˣɵػǣܹš
á
Ҫ˱ҲðСͻǲ塣
һ߰߶Ӧˡ
˵꣬ÿ϶¶飬СǺ֪ظеᣬӵ
ұ֤һúչǣ⣬̣д⣬ȥǡôһֻС໻ʣ
ǲʣôʣֻСҪòģˣǾͻǴߡ
ɫ΢䣬Ϊ˵ģһ²⣬ǲϲűĲ塣
ߵһȡСÿġ
ǣΪǵֻ꣬Сиˡ
һԶǵǵ꣬ǵС
˫Э顣
˱ʾʲôҪֻҪСǿľУ߻Ǹһǧָʡ
Ӳ顢ʯռˡ
ԽֻСԽ᲻ãԼ֮ٻֻСࡣ
ߺңӦˡ
˻ᷴڣʾˡ
ߺңֻСįȥοǡ
ֻСһȷʵһڰߵ£ܿת
ֻСһﻹߺңǱϡ
ѧˮɣһ㶼ˮ
Ҳʮֺ棬ֻС֮ʲô֡
ңС౳ϡ
ֻС౳Ӧǿ
ߺңúС
Сתͷߣ۾ر鶯ƺʰҪȥĶ
ߺңһۣᳶ˳Сһ򣬡ȥߣ
С໶ؽһڶβͣ
ӾٶȱȰеĿˡ
߻ûӦһֻСһ˳ȥ޴˻
ȥæѹϰ˷ܵǰ
ٶȲûоʣ÷ǳ̼
Ħ̼ͧ
ֻС׷Ҹϣɿǰȥ
ںΣĲľȥ
ȫʪˣоǳ졣
ͷңңҲ¶΢Цı顣
ֻСһˮͷһ
߲ŷǵıǿ׳档
ˮˮббǰմߺңϡ
ˮʱɢ䣬γССĲʺ硣
ˮɽСࡢʺ磬аˣ߿ǰһУλá
Ҳ̫ˡ
ûԤϵǵĺʽһоֻСòС
ֻСһǲ鶯
СǺܳһʱ䣬ֱ̫ɽŴظ
Сû취½ϣںʲô¿Խǣʱǻ
ֻСࡰؽӦӦˡ
ϵ·ȫʪˣңҲǡ
ɽȥûеɽϣӭߺߣ˵Ϳ˻С࣬ǲģ
ָ˭ôϢô죿
ָ˭ˣǲġ
ߵͷ
ۡСҿ𣿡
סɽµĺڿɲµСǣǴӦ˿ҪС൱Դǿκ¡
Ҹʶ˾ˣ𣿡
ңȻԡ
ĴģΧ˺һͷΡ
˵ҵˡСһθǼҳԷóԵġ
ҪʲôóԵģҴ֣컻ر࣬ͷɣ֤СûгԹ
ͷһˣأ
֭⣬ϷͰѩرϲˣ³ԱչһǵĿζǸоܵˡ
߿һۡ
ĳЩطرϸ塣
һǳõŵ㡣
ЦǲһÿԵĲ˰ɣҸ⡣
ǻ᲻ر鷳
ᡣҴ־ͺˡ
ǼҽĲر࣬һֱˣá
ϷͰѩѾɴˣŵζһֱǽűߴת
һ¾ë޵ԴͼȥŰɣܿͿԳԷˡ
ءӦˡ
Ȳ뿴ֻС࣬ʰߣǲӦιСٻԷһܲǾõȡ
ʴīǸǵأ
ЦȥιֻС࣬ҲֻǻʱһۣûС
߿ң
ңͷʾͬ⡣
һ˱һʳȥСࡣ
ݿ˵СˮԼᲶʳֻԷʱҪιһЩʳΪ䡣
صض˺Щʳ
ˮߵʱֻС࿴β˹
ֻС࣬˶ˣҵ죬ôôɰ
ֻСˣ԰ǳкøеعк
һһιС࣬һǡ
ֻСƺϲĻһֱ
Ҳǳϲʳ
ò׿ιˣʣǷֱʲô֣
ûüȡ֡ߵǸʲô飿
ҪȻһֻСףһֻСң
ߣ
ֻС֡˱д󻨺ͶѾһ
̫ˡ
ֱԲǡ
ϷͰѩһȡһƵ֣ϾǻСࡣ
߿ң
ңҿԡ
룬ǽаϷˮ׷㣿еֿڣǾá
ңҾÿԡ
˷ܵصͷҲÿԣǳ
Ǿͽˡ
߶һ飬Ϸˮ׷㡣
ֻСƺǳϲ֣֮ǳˮȥ
߿⻶ֵҲǳˣһˮߣֻСһһ
߿ҹɫ̫ˣֻСһû뵽ֻСһȻ굽ˮȥˡ
ǵĶּֿ
һ˶ֻ֪СһҪɻؿˮ档
һֻСһȺ˳
ƺʲô˷ܵس˲ˮ
ɣǾȻǴ


120 ˮ
ֻСԽԽ, ŵĶҲԽԡ
һˮݣɫģʷʺˮݡ
ֻСһƬβͳ
εǽűʱ, ɫСȽˮڰ, ǲ˹֡
ɫСҲˮµǰ, ͬǵ֡
, ֻСǽµĺתȦȦζ, ﷢һžͷǳ֡
һ˿ţҲĵòС
ϵˮ, ʪ, ڸر㡣
ˮõǰЩˮе񺣴һ
Цº͵ֻС࣬Ǵǵ𣿡
ſ, ϶Ȼʲô
СӦ, ǵ۾ʾͬ⡣
ˮȥ, Щ⡣
ֻ֪С, ȴû뵽Ǵز
ǾȻ
߿ֻСһŶβͳº͵ЦЦֻСǲ, ˵лл

һ˴ˮݻصɽ, һֱЩˮݣЩˮǲǿԳ԰
ҹƿ, ҪȻǲصشǡ
֪ʲôζ
ڳ֪ˣ
Щˮʵں棬ˮݣɵһȥˮױҨˮϴˣȻطŵ
Ա߿ı飬ˮݵζô
еȣе֡ҧǸˮݣŲ̵˵ʲô飬̫óԡ
Ҳһˮݣϴϴ֮ССҧһ㡣
ˮݵζϱӳԵϲе񣬲Ӧ˵񺣴ûкôʺ񣬵ǱϲҪˣȷʵеȣе㻬ϸƷַŴĿڸС
Űߵı飬Ҿ˵̫óԣ԰ɣˣȥιɣ϶ʲô
ʳʲôԣЩˮݿ϶Ҳι
߱ܿҪŵˮݵ֣ǲ̫óԣӦûõö࣬ԡ
ҲŲš˻һζǰҲԹˮݣģֻһ㶼óԡ
Ա˰ıһ£ЦǸղãպã˿϶вͬζ
ߣȳˮ֮󾿾ʲôζƷһ¾֪ˣҪʵڳԲȥ˵ʱٵԡ
Ҷͬ⡣
ʵڷʢһֻǶԵ÷ǳ㡣
Ա㣬ңͰɽϴ衣
ңʣôִŻֻСࣿҲϲӾˡ
ǵȪ㹻ϲӾĻֱȪӾͿԡ
ôõȪÿɵľȪﲻôҲϲӾ˶ˡ
գգ۾תͷûз֣½ʵʺơ
˵ĸȺ
ǰɣǵʺܺã½ϴҲû·硣Ȼ˵ǵ
ţл
ҾͻȻ뵽½غգǶܹưԣҲ㹻˽⣬ˮأ
ߵɫгˮӺ֧һˮ崦ڱȽ½ĵطӡϪͺҲ٣ںܲطأҹ塢ǡ
ǵˮԴܶ࣬Ƕֻǿߵĵطںм䣬棬Ҷһֻ֪СĻ̽ĵطӡ
Ҿ̽Щİĵط˵ǳ壬Գһ¡
ߡȰȡ˵һѣҲûңػתͷңأ
ңʾͬ⣬Ҿ˵úܶԣȷʵ˺ܶطסҲ˽⡣
߸˵ǵģҲô롣ԿСĵһӦǣҪ»飬ȥ̽ĵط
߸˵ȽС㹻㹻д⡣
ңʵĹ롣
ҵϣһֺĹϵңʶߵĵһ죬ͻûзԹԡҵĹ롣
ң֧֣ǣڶŵˮ̳
ԱЦʣҪˮݣ
գգ۾˵ܺóԣ
ҡͷоܣʷʲݶԸԣЩȲˮˡ
һ£˵õģʵڲϲȥι
߽ˮ̳ϴɾ
Щˮݲ֪ǲΪںĹϵɳ࣬򵥴ϴһ¾ʹɾˡ
ߴɾóšˮ֣ŵˮ׼ȰЩˮһˮ
ζȽصʳﾭˮ󣬶һĸơ
ЩˮҲ⣬߽Щˮˮ̳ŵˮٳԵʱ򣬾ܳˮݵζ
ЩˮݹȻȸտʼʱҪóԶˣ⻹
ζʳñȽؿζ⿷ʽ
߽ˮݵʳˮݼ嵰ˮݵˮݡ
˯ѾͿǼҵˮݣ
ˮݷڰϣҪһȫꡣ
ʹǣҾýǻҪһʳ
ͷҲ̧ģȫԲݣҤ￾š
ȥҤĸӣȻһƹĿ⡣
ˣаɣôڡ
ˮݼ嵰ˮݶûʲôر𣬼嵰ǼҶΣֻǻһĲϡ
ˮݵͷһΡ
ˮݱϲ˵ζ΢һ㣬Ҳ֪᲻ȡ
˽Ƭʹаףٷˮȥˮտ
Ⱥȵʱ򣬲ûиоζһֵ
ǿڷˣ˸룬ˮ۳ˮ۵֭ŨȻٰѼȥ
ʵһ㣬ϧûм
ۿҪˣ̽ͷ磬аңԷ
֪ˣȥӣ
ܿ죬һҡڷǰ
Ʒˮݵζ֪ⲻóԣٳԣһ忾ȥǳˡ
ζûôӸҨͦʵģ㳢һ֪ˡ
ҲҪ
ûǿֻʢ
峿΢ڲǰȵ΢΢˺⡣
̾治Ҫöˡ
رǲǣߵ´λһ
⣬Ҷˮʾ
ߺ㣬浹һҪݷ
ˮóԣˮݼ嵰ˮζҲ˵ô˾ޣֻΪһص߲ˣƽķ˼ʡ
ʾͷ÷ǳر
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߾ϲؿ̫ˣ
ֻСһƤʱƤĵʱҲģ߰˲ǻſֱ۱һ¡
ֻСǴֱ۳ĴϺ߼ҾͳͱϺϺ
ֻͱһֻء
ϺзҪˣôһֻϺϺǣֱ۴ֵһ⡣
ѵõǣôϺһ㶼ϣǳ
߼һϺ⣬մһ֭Žڶ⡣
óԣҲϸۡ
ϺֳݣֻСһݣֻСһݣǼһݡ
ôϺôһ֮Ҳˡ
꼸Ϻ⣬δ֭ԷϺζ뷹ŶӣҾѶϷѩĳ谮ָֻСһݡ
ǲֻС࣬㡢ˮðɣ
˵һ飬ҾѶϷ硢ѩĳ谮ָ㡢ˮһݡ
Сǵ֣ƺװ˵ʲôӵ˦βʹչ
Ŷӣһʹ̣㿴Ӷ촹ˣôҲûͷ⡣
ء
˵û⣬Ҷˣǽ죬Ǿץֻ񡣡
أ
˭˵Ҳϲţҿϲˡ
ء

߿ɵֳͷС˵ʰꡣ
ǣϴȥɡ
߲ϴ룬ǸЦһ£ңϷҪȥϴ衣
ϺܺóԣζҲأһرζ
ϴ˺üָ֣ܴŵζ
ϴһϴ
߷֣ˮкܶʳ
ˮݣꡢϺзҪԸĻˮһ죬ҵʳڰҵ١
ֻСĸߺң⼸ÿ춼ܴ򵽺ü㡣
ˬʱڣ⵱촦ãһڶȥɹɹ֮£ɹǳɡ
ɵʱͣҲԽݹ󳴱ĲˣôŪóԣǲ䵰ʵһ־ʳƷ
һռ˺üɣִ˲ƣҪСȥԶĵط
õңһѲȫʱˣǲڿзɣɴˮ·ֻС࣬ųˮȥѲӡ
ǵںܲĸطܿ
ֻСʵڵ˵ĵطǾֻСںϢ˵ɵȥѲӡ
ѲˣֻСϣ˳㶨һ͡
ÿ춼СϣһξôѲһ㶼ۡ
оͣι˺ֻСࡣ
оǳģֻСҲģÿ춼߸ˡ
죬˳ųˮ˳βء
ǺͳβȽϾ򽻵β峤һˣ߶кøС
ߺңҪҪȥǲݷһǡ
û뵽Ǹյβأ˵ڿҰзǳԡ
ʲôһ£𣿡
Ӧòǿңһҷɵȥ
ңɵȥһû
濴òУµİˮһᣬҲȥ

ԣһҲԡ
˵͵رΣųֱӷȥңС
βֳһЩеʱԵ÷ǳƯ
ңһʱ䷢һʾǱȥ
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βҲܿ췢ǣ˾ˣߴˣ
Ѳѽ
βԵ÷ǳˣӱóǸմµĹӣߺңԡ
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氡ˣǲûСǴһȥ԰ɣգǴرࡣ
ﱻһĺ棬ִأеϱӼȫһ
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ʣǰժȥˮ𣿡
ȻǣˮԵĻҪˡ
˳ԣ⣬ζǳ˾ˣߴˣԷɣǻ⣬ǲһ
βȥԷ
ߺ죬ҲȥԷʲôԡ
ֺǳ棬ңһۣˬȥǼҵС˵һϾ͸ȥԷˡ
ðϻѹ֭ȣߴ㲻رϲȶ𣿵ʱһȥ
ȥֻС˵һˣڳβ帽ϡ
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Ǿ㲻ڳβ帽ϣ˷ɵȥһңҵֻСһ
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ߺңﳤβú档
Щǳ֦ϸǸû취վȥժֻùá
úĹӷǳأǾһ;ٵֶˣҲǳס
һֱɵ̫ɽʱ򣬲Žıװ
β˳Ÿ裬Ƿɻز䡣
ʱպʱ䣬һժ棬βҲժ档
ʮڳβ岿Ŀյϣˣʣµ˶СĹ
治ǡˡ棬һ޴ĹˣƻҪ飬һʯͷһ
ⷴôһ㣬Ҳû١
ʣЩҪ𣿡
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βȥȥƺõĹ⡣
ÿˮ˹⣬ּ˳۶˹ðߺңƷ
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ߵǵһκȣţⶫеӵζ
ӲҪ˵Ļζ֮䡣
ͦ¡
ߴ˴ˮСһڣһ΢̡΢ζִų۵
ûʲôϵʱȷʵǳ۾һβˣĴָ
βһ˳ǺһЦⶫ˶ãǶһ㡣
ллֺһڣ̾ȷʵǳúȡ
βһֱ⣬ȷú󣬴ʱĺȥԷ
Ǻ⣬Ǻ⡢⡢ʳģ֮ζȴǳ΢ᣬԣܺóԡ
һ̣ŵöӹԲ
ֲóβ˶Ժôġ
극֮󣬰߼˼ˣܴһ˻زȥ𣿡
ȻԣٶԣҲûʲôá
ôûãĹʲܳ𣿡
ʣǵûôԹ
߾ȵؿųβ壬ֿĹˡ
˵ôһˣ϶ҪÿĹܲܳ԰ҪȻ˷ѡ
ôţѹ˷ŵԱ߻˻Ρ
˷ǳأŵԱ߻Ҳκоһʵ
߸оĹһܴ顣
ǳȤڵʯͷ뵱ÿˣĹܲܳԡ
β˺ܺʵӣҲȤظָʯͷ
˲򣬰˺üʯͷʯͷ˹˻û顣
ɴ۾ˣһ˹˵顣
ңӹеʯͷá
ңö࣬һʱ䣬ѹ˸Ūˡ
˺ܴһĹȴ󣬶ƹࡣ
˵ĿǺù֡
ĹʣⶫɲԳԣ
ңţû˳ԹСĳһ¡
гβԱ˵ԳԣζҲǰԹ
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һ£һɬʱûʲôζһζеۻ
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βҲ˵óԣڵԵĳ̶ȡ
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ЦⲻǳԲΪ˳ôһʣôһСĻҵ֣಻㡣
û뵽ԭ򣬡ǲʯѹԡ
УЧܺá
߲ǸаôһʷԵʵ̫Բˡ
һȺβȥʯպóβ˻Թ⣬ˡ
ֱӽ˷ŵʯͿԿʼˡ
ԭΪʯ֮ǺܿͿԳԵĹʣû뵽һȺΧʯŬ˺ܾãҲûü
ǵֱͨ졣
ˣôӣҲôһʳԣǱˡ
ҾͲǸаһ뵽취ǼԹ⣬ѹңҲҪǵģ÷ǻ
õŷҪȥҲҪ
βֻҪ⣬Ҫˡ
ҪǱ㽫˴ã͵߼
ߺңҪѲӣлβˣ̤·̡
ܿ죬߷֣沢ǳβڶеĶڽ嶼ֹӣҲժֹӳԹϰߣ˶Թʡ
ǵĻ˵ҰĹӶǣøּӲСӽϾϾҲϲǸ򲻿
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Щڽ˷ŵ󣬷ŵУֱӼӵϿַʽû취׽Ǹƿ
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Ҫôãǵɲӵգְ취ˡ
Ϊ̵İ취ǵʳ
ʯͷǸĹ˸ҿ
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ԵĻեҲͦõġ
ڳԵҪԴһͣһǹ͡
ռճʳİٷ֮ʮϣΪҪƤʣµĲԡ
˾Ŵ䣬ûгˣ˵ʱҲص͡
ʴҶôȱͣҲûʲôִ
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ʱǷը͵ĻҲû༸
·һֱ취
ǳȥһڣԴտգû뵽κΰ취
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ӣƵңǳȥʲôˣô飿
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˵أֲüôˣԾͳ԰ʯͷڱ϶ü¾ÿˣҶÿ
˵˵ĻԶһ㶼ÿҪü²ÿ
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ҪȻðײãԵĻþˡ
̫ΪʲôΪƣֹ˲׷ŻϰһӣԵʱ򣬰ţԵʱòˡ

ִһ԰ꣿ
ҡ
ļԲȶⲻ˵ģ
߼˵ʲôϣֻ̾һ˵öԡ
˵öԣˣҪ۵ĻţҸá
ȥóִҤͳüˣŵʯͷá
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˸Сӣѹȥ£װ÷ŵԱߣǲ̫ˣԳԲԵĶŻôơ
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߿ʵϵʵʵҾǶ׶ˣǲǵ취ùߣ
ʲô
ǣڵĹ߱ǰõöֽ࣬ҲӦñǰɣܲܺǰһԴȻ޲߰ɣ
ңȻعζĳֹߣû
ߵһЩߣûʲôϣ̾˿֮ǰһиģģ뷨ţ벻ˡ


122 ˮ
ܹľ, ڰѲƬճˡ
ңŵķҪʼװŴ͸ߡ
ȥңͰһ߼ҵķƬͰװ֣ӰװŴ͸Ҳû⡣
ȴ̫Щ, æͬʱ, Ҳץסѧϰ
Ҳһæ
˵ʵ, ǽ꽨Ҫȥ׵ö࣬ǽ˶, ʲô, ǽ˸ֺõĹߡҳƬȡ
Щ߸ʡࡣ
˵Ĵ춼, ͽŴƬȫŪˡ
վ⿴䳨Ĵ, оʮֲ˼飬ͽˣ
ң, ȷ죬ٰѼҾ߰ȥͿסˡ
˫ȭգϲ
ңһ£ͬϲ
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ҪˢҲԡ
ԣ껹һԺ, ҪҪʰԺΧ, Ժһֲ, гǿԳ԰ֻǻ
áʲô⣿
ɽ±ȽԶҪҪһھ
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ãһƻ
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ɽȥ
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ô䣬ӦҲȱʳˡ
ӦҲȱ
ҿʮ죬Ϳӣʱպɹãǿֹ۵Сʳԡ
Ӳ࣬Ҳˡ
Ҫһ㣬֪˪յӡ
ɽʱƵСӱߣںˣֻСк
ֻСһںģ֮󣬷ɿιǽűתתȥ
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ţ߶ˮȻ
ңǰһ£ôˣȻ顣
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˵һ㣬Һûס
˵˵ߣȥҸ㻭ͼֽ
·ˣңٱΡ
˻һ·ɵɽȥǶڣ䣬ҳֽʣңߣˢˢʣ˸׵ˮԳ
ϱӵʱˮԵʷѾܳƽʱҲż
ˮһˮԴļṹӣҪʽˮ֣ҳᣬͷ֡
˲ͷ߼ҵʯҲһ׵ͷ
߽ˮչʾң㿴ˮ֣ȲҳĻˮһ壬ˮ־ͻ᲻ͣתȻᣬϵĲᲦͷͷʼ
е˼ˮǲҪˮȽϼĵطɽǲС
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߲̫ˣˢˢʣҲûˮԣҿһҪЩ
ͷͷڰֽ
߶ⲻ죬ͿͿĸĺüΣҪĳҪʹ
ˮҪõУһֽҪȻȽϲá
Ҳ̫࣬ϾӴˮ⡣
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ֹһͨҪȷϸú󣬴ֽƬȥӥˡ
ڵñȽ磬ǵӥ岿ʱѾ͸ˡ
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ɽӥϸֽϵߴҪµĶ
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߼Լʮ㣬ЦЦҲУȰĥһ£ĥˣǴһȥ顣
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רЩʵرȽӲױʴľ
ľ֮ǻˢͣ
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һһÿ϶˷ܵɫ
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סҩģк档
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ͳһβˣֳĲ˱ͳĲ˻óԡ
ͲˣҲڼ￪˺Щô
߻һͱȽºͣķЧҲá
Ҳ½½ˮԣҳˮԵĹܣ˸ֶок档
Ҳե˺ͺ͡
١
ֻǣˮҪ䶼Ƿߺӥ岻
ǿҪܳһʱܻ塣
ֵܲ䣬ӥ岻
ˮˣ߻ӹʳһ־⡣
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߸оʱ࣬ңһȥź
ǼҵˮںӱߣźҪˮȽȥˮֱӵǴ|ȴ
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߿ϧؿ˿ＸҪӶˣǻ
ڰϰʱֻСԶ˹ڰתתȥð档
߽ĲˮˣֻСԴ治УȥɣϸóԵġ

̫ʱǿԣڵɽ̫ˡ
ߴ˴첲ʵûʱ򣬸оԣзʱͷǳˡ
ˮµʱоҲԣˮԽܣڰ߱Ƚܣˮˡ
ԸⳢԶӾû취ܶӾڰϴ硣
ֻСһˮñߺ
ЦŰǺһ
ңź׵ϣ˳ϴźȻźĲιֻСһԡ
ֲ߲ܼԭļҳֻСôĲ࣬ͲֻСһˡ
ֻСһﻹˮ棬˦һˮһ١
ùᣬֻ֤ۣŪˡ
źҶȶãɽȥ
߲ź˺ܾãصȥȡһŹ׼һŹź
ңڱϸ֡
ŹʵŹҪóԣܶһķζʱҪʵŹöࡣ
صһǼһݣֻСһݣֻСһݡ
Ź㴼Ũֺúֹܱ
һҹźŹоǳ㡣
ߺңŹźȥʱȴûпֻСࡣ
ĵ׿һ£о²
ҲԤϵ
ڰߺ˺þãֱΣڸѰ˺ü飬ûֻСһӰ
ۿѾˣǻûҵֻСһ߲żĻ
һòȻԵҳ˰ɡ
뵽ϱӿҳߵĸְоһѪҪ
⼸ŸտֻСһǰˣֻСһ͸ôһס
ң˵ֻǳȥ棬ʱ䡣
ôܣôȥ棬ҲǻԷһָϸֻС죬㿴ŵʳǶûгꡣ
һ˵Ǻܿͻˡ
УҵȲˣҵóȥǣȥһҰɣҪȻҵõ
鵽زҲ˲ϻ᲻鷳ˡ
븸װ֪ͨ䣬Ȼ벿˺һȥֻСһ
ֻСһǵļˣЩҲҪҡ
ȻСһܾñӣԺøý


123 ĺ
, ˺㳲ÿֻСࡣ
ǱΣצץŻ, ͵͵طںϿ, ֱÿӳյõƻͨ
ˣæһ|ҹ, ûҵֻСࡣ
ֻСƾʧһ, ôĿͷû˿ۼˣԱϢĺ, Ҳ޲ߡ
ۿҹɫԽԽϵıԽԽ䡣
ңļ, Ȳż, Ƕ, 濪ľͻˡ
ǿЦЦҲֻôˣȥϢ, һҪɻ
ҹɫ, ȷʵû취ȥ
߸ÿæ˵лĿǻȥ
, һû˯š
ֻС׺úܣôǻʲôΣգֻǵֻСǲǲԸ, Ļ˿塣
Ļ, , ǰźü, Ҫȥ忴
ʵڲ, ȷֻСలȫͺãͲɡ
߾ɥֵĵһ|ҹڶʱһƬɫ
ҲһƬɫ
ֵһۣ߶˵극ȥңӦҵ
⻰֪ǹ磬ǹԼ
ͷҸһȥ
극˵ȥ濴˵Ѿˡ
߹˲ϴ˽ֽߡ
û뵽˺ӱߣӱ߾ȻһСź
źڳź߰ضںӱߣһССĲѣ
ô£
òֻСһİɣ
ӿһɲ˼飬ֱȷ𰸡
ںӱߺֻСһ֣һˮӺӵ׸ԲԲ۾΢Цǿ޺
شյ߽űߣӰߴת
ֻСһĻˣ
Ǹûʶ淢ʲô¡
ǼûҲûΡ
߿ǣһǻŭ񱻴˵ֻʣЩΡ
˸ûֻСһƽϣԡ
չ˹ģҪ
ߵͷǣȥˣ֪֪Ƕã

֪֪ǻᵣģ

ҶΪǶˡ
ֻСڰ߽ȥʾûܡ
Щضڵϣָϥϡ
ֻСһŬˮ̽ͷߴա
ֻСһΪͷ´βˣȻҪùˡ

ҡĺ´ҾͲʳ
վںӱߣֻСһ٣ֱֻСؽС
Ҫ˱ϲ
ֻС˵ллǸǴźˣϢһᣬȻ緹´δһȥǵǻ˵ġ

ȻȥˣȻ
߱ΣɵɽϣſںǸֻСһˣ磬Ҳġȥң˵һ
ֱΣų̷ˡ
󺰣ȥǣ
ౣȥɡ
߷ɵɽϡ
ңĺˣˮˣ
ˣǴһźߺֺЦʮƣĨ˰쿴ź棬ˣȥһź
ֻСһﲻ˵˻Ҳֻ֪Сһ﾿ô룬ֻСһ˾ͺá
˶һ
ңŰɽҸһȥ
ãҸոһ٣֪ûʶԣȻỹһ١
߸оСԼĆ³̶ֱ
һĵϸס
ԼͷҺͷŨܣҪȻһˣȻΪС굽ëҲ̫ˡ
ȥʱ򣬰ˮߣ߶߶ظֻС˵
ֻСˮȥ
硣ߺһֻСһôûٵƤ˰ɣ
С˶٣Ҳ֪ûУ
˭֪ƳֻСһֹۣ㽲ҽɡ
ңİߵĸ첲
˽ֻСࡣ
ֻСƺ׹Ϊж಻ףߺǱȥˮǹһˮ
ߵǵǸˡ
ֻСһ
ˮ㣺
ֻСһоǲȥˮﹰ˸ˮ
βǵǸӦˣ
ߺңһˮݺź
ߵ磬ǣȥˡ
ãٸһ˳һǡ
ͼÿֻﶼദúܺã߲ģֻºˣˮ
Ӧˡ
ֻСһʮĸź
ЩźͷȽݳҰźȡʲôϣԶԼҲź׳
õһƷҰźζһЩҲһЩ
ϣź⣬źŹֻС಻ڣûкȵźŹǲϡ
ź𴼺񣬰߸ֻС׼һ衣
֮⣬ź⣬Щ͸鷳ҳôãǸм
ιֻС࣬ߺңźȥ
ʱ仹磬󲿷˶ûţҳź⡣
˵СѾ˻ΪǸˣ
Сȥˣû
һͺãСһǻƤһЩҲ̫
ź⣿е֣ζá
ߺңһһشˡ
ɹ̫졣
˫ĽӴ࣬˶ԽϤңҲڽŵ˵
˺ܾã̫ԽԽߣ˱ŴԻɼŲòǸ
ߺңҲȥ
ңʣȥ
ֻСһҵźﻹûźң֮ǰôãûҵźǲ죬ôô׾ҵˣ
ңÿ궼ѲȫüΣһƬܴźĳطӦû
ңͬ⣬ôãҲûҵˮӰǿȥһƽʱϤĵط
Ҳô롣
ʵڶط̫ˡ
ǶԸô죬Ȼ©֮㣿
˻صӱߣֻСһ﹵ͨ˺ܾá
ֻСһǽŵת˰Σ˵ʲô
ˮڰβͣʾȥ
ߺңһۣ˸ֻСһϡ
ֻСһˮΡ
ãڰˮϣûоô䣬ֻ棬ò泩
ֻСһһ·Σ˿쿿ĵطʼһɽ֧Ρ
֧ܹĿҲףֻСһ֧תѡ
ΪʲôҲֻСһˡ
ôխˮǸûֻСһεֵط
˰ˮһ£̾Ҳ̫ˡ

ֻСһСˮǳȤǲ£ﻹ˵ؽţβʹŰߺңǰ
Ǽ
ЩխĵطֻСһﻹ岦ܼǰȥ
ÿǼʱ򣬾ͻὫˮȥӰŪŢһƬ
Сһʵ̫ľˣǱϣΪһ亹
ǾûҪǿĸطˣΣ
ԣֻСһﲢûпǹ顣
ǹرӵرխǶ֧˳֧ɽ
һԣɽĺӶΣˮȵȵȶȽС
û뵽κӵɽ֮󣬺ӹȷøˣֻСԺɵںӵȥ
ڴ󲿷ɽֶԭʼɽ֡
Ҳǡ
ͷϿֻͷľգȥһƬдС
Ƕˮ޺ЩŻǳɭ
޶࣬СεʱΪӵխҲвһЩ͵ʳ½
ֻСԼƤִ̹һǰѹ˹ȥ
ߺңȥץ˲͵ʳ⶯ӵǱȥˡ
ɽĺӶξȻǳ
ɽľɽһأңû֡
߹κӿǹźӵǰһӣֻǲ֪ʲôԭˮСӲڣֿĺӵ
ֻСһ·ߣʱ򣬲֪ת˼ɽǰȻʡ
ǾȻ˳źӵȺɽ֮һɽ꣡
ɽһ
Ҳˮ涼ϻĲ͸ĲݣܿĳЩ޴ĹǺԼµľľ
뵹ӯӯһˮƵӳں棬Եú
ƺû
ŴͿһУû뵽Ȼиء
ϵıʮ⣬Ҳ֪˵ôһ
߿ˮʲôʱҵôһĵط

ֻСһҲ˵Ѿ˵ˡ
߲Ϊʲôô˷ܣһ嵽㡣
ЩгһһһһȥǺѹѹļ
ҵ죡ߵɴ۾ǰһУ˵ൽưҨˡ
Ⱥܾ
ңĿܶѡ
ף
Щ㶼Ŷӣ㿴ѡ
߶ϸȻְߵǳˮƮŴССѡ
ЩѰ͸һһţƮˮһҨҨһѡ
㣬Զһĵطķûô㣬ЩרŰѲǳˮ
һ˵ҰĺôǸܶȣ̫ѧˡ
ʳﻹǺô㡣
ֻСһﲻʲô
һһȺ˵βȺȥ
Ŵͣһ£һҧһƬ㡣

ֻС಻ô롣
ѵǷֻСһһһڣԵʮʹ졣
ֹǣַֻ֣ܿСһֻ㣬ѣҲû̫ıҪȥֹ
ЩѺҲߵ˾ͷǳˮкܶ㡣
̳ľҲʳ
Ҳʳ
һƬطʵ̫˼ˣ߿˼ֺۣúó˼ʶĸо
ܿڰߵĲľз˴
ЩźѾήˣҶҲήˣµ½˴ź
źడ૷Ҹ
ȥźʱôòҵôȼ
ƬϾٸҲǧ
ݲһɨȥѾһٶˣϸҵĻ϶ҵࡣ
ңˮȥҹȥȱ֪ߵж
һ£ץӡ߿Ҫȥ̽Ͻȡ׹ȥ
ңץסϵԼϣС
ûае
ңһŵ|ȵλá
ֻ಻֪ٻ˶ãǳϸ壬ңÿһߵúܼѡ
ˮԹԵصԭء
߿һ£ڸһرĵľСľȥ
ľʣһûãվ棬ľûݡ
Сĵһ£ľȵ
վȺ󣬶԰ˮ˵ȥɡ
ˮԭطӦһĻʲô˼õ֮˵طһȻȥˡ
վڵľϣľ͹֦ѾɴľһȦǴ㹻
һ̧֮ͷңԭСǰߵңͣסˡ
ңûźˮʲô
߸ŻĲݣ̫飬ͣˣ̽ŵʵôˣ
˵ġң˵ţˮ̵̳ԲӣпԳԵ򡣡
ʶ쳤ס򣬡ʲô
ˮıǺӲãоľʵġ
ⶫôԣĹ⣿
ԡֺѰǿõ
ߴӱЯСŵľϣСˣʯһĹʵһֻǰ͸еס
߾һСʵӽһ֭ˮ˲ﱬ
֮ģһر
ζȻǳ
һ㣬ӽˣܺó԰ƽʱû
Ǻټһ㳤ˮ˲̫ϲȥˮɼ
⣬ˮĲˮͦ࣬ˮûʲôƣһʲôΣգܶ㡣
ڰϾͲһˣֻҪǿʱΣٷ
ң˵ţ˼
һһ̹ܶһ£Ұ˩ãһժ
ȷӹ̶˺ȵˮңǱ߳
ˮ﷢˺üʬ壬ǲѺƮ
ѹĲľôï
СĵǰŲ
棬ʯͷǵСǰߣŲš
߸ӰһЩǳһЩĵط|ȴһЩĵطƨ|档
ߺǱŤģԼȹ¶|ȡ
ȲˮУǳӾ
ߵңߵʱ򣬷ң
һҺ˿á
ңס


124 
ˮ, ߺңŵȴȡ
վˮ˸ǣͷƣǵӰӵӳˮ
߱ǵЩ, ңĴֳ, ûԵˮȥ
һϣ˷ֿ
ʶҪĨ촽ңȴץס󣬴չȥ촽һ, ôֲڵָĵ촽ˮա
ߵ˲쵽ԼĨһ촽ź
ңЦһ£á
źӲС
ӲдУȡõʳġ
ľźҲ, Ƚѡ
ɪڵöͷϳ˵㺹
˹˴죬װ
źкܶ, ߿̫б, ѾҪɽתͷң˵ڲ, 

УϷɡ
˱źСȥ
֪ǳź, ôźȥǺܾȡ
ʣҵ˳źĵطǵطź𣿡
û, Ҹջң˵, ǸҪп, һȥźɣźջͽ
ðǿС𣿡
С˰ɣ
˵ʲôɵֵؿһۣȻͼ˾ҺǸ˹ϵЩúߵģ
ûϢˣߵֻС໹һԸء
ôܣҺֻСĹϵôãǿ϶⡣
С˺Щʱ䣬ʲô˲ϣȥιֻСҪǸùϵ
ػ˻֣èװ˰ͰҲ
ϣ߰źλ˵ˡ
ͬã⼸ɵʳﶼ࣬ȥźҲá
Ǿô˵𣡡
극һ˴ڵź
źŵͨĵطܹⴢ棬źѿҪʱ򣬾ֵź
ǽڵôźջźѿҲ࣬źһܻôա
æµһȥߺңɽϴ裬˯¡
ڶ𴲣Ⱥңȥźѿ˳㽫ֻǴȥ
Ǽҵֻǳúܴˣһëֳֻϴǽһݡ
߶Լֻë׸ûеֿ֮ʱʱûٸǿС
ֻǶ԰Ҳ׽࣬ڲƽߣˣὫӷðߣӡ
ǽֻСһСֻСһܷ½ģչָǣҲһǳ׵顣
ߺң·ʱֻȥ
ÿ߽ܵűߣ߶ûһֻǵļԴ
ǵĶʵеԣ߽ǵֻߣֻҪһֻ֣̾ͻᵯ
ߣǶ̲סЦ
ңԱ߿Ķô棿
УԡϷԴȻ΢΢Ķһۣ̽µĴ۳˸ۡ
Ϸ͵͡ءһ߸æԵĴԴ
ңŴǣ˵εë
ߣ
ңҡ
δ䣬ȥס죬Цŵôʲô˵
ңסҲЦ̹ϲã
˴ֵźѿȥ
߿Ǽ鲻źң˵ǵóʱ佫źһ㣬Ҫźѿûطˡ
죬ͷţǣԱһأڵźϡ
ҿԡ
źѿȥѲӱ
ǼҵĲ糤ˣڽָͷĹӣò˶ãӻԽԽǻµάá
ǼҵСҲʼƣֻһأػҪһʱ䣬ЩӲŻ᳹׳졣
ǣǼµĿӡ
ݺһ£û죬ȴѾƣһ׾ܽϵĿ
һѣŵǰЩǲѾˣ
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ҳһŵһҧҧǣǴһɵζĿѡ
ȻĿԳˣǾǸɣ
ãȸݣ
ҵһǸ˵һ
߽߼ˡ
컹㰢˵ţݺ󣬰ѽոιţóã԰ѿɹɡ
Ҫɹɣʱŵϴ档
Ǽ࣬Ӵ쿪ʼһֱ׼ҪԵĿ
ҪѼĿʵڲ㣬ǻɱ˹
ţУţǼҵһͶôҲҪ֤ţʳ
ţûôޣոѼһʲϣ㹻ţˡ
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ѾڹһΣ·
ȥڣûʲô
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̫СһľСߵǱҲڲɾùڵġ
ĸ˵һΪ飬ߺңһ飬ʹһ顣
ͷڡ
ó֣һ̾һһкöѣһ㣬źûڶ٣ҵ˲ȤĶ
һզզҲű
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һҶ㡣
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ЦֻҪǵþС
һ˻ص
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һٶźź̫ˣŲ£ֻܽһźŵݺĿյ
߲ģҰǵźصؽϷͰѩŲԺǿš
ŴںԺæµЦǾ˯ʲô°ҹʲôСź˲ɣ
ǧڻźôܹģЦ̧ͷǸǿ˯ɣҼһźû˺ۣ̯ţҪȻŽá
źǼ˾˺һҵģǵ÷ּ˾һ롣
죬Ĺϵõŷʲôң
ֻҪһûʽΪ£͵÷ҪȻսΪ£ҾͲǵˡ
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ֻǺģô˵־ϲθһȣѾˣ
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Ĭ棬Ǻú˵һ˵Ҫ㲻˼Ҳԡ
Һ˼ǸʡǸʣٴǿĻṵͨǸ˵
㼱ʲô֮ǰҶ˵ˣ
߱ǸǷʻ˯š
ÿ˶ʣûʹԼģǷ׼˺ңΪ£һһһ˫ˡ
ң̸ңΪ£ض顣
û˯ãڶҲȻˡ
ŹǷϴʱңѾԺңʹһ緹
һžͿԼ׼ºԼĸæܰĳǴ̼ɴ۾űߣ˵ʲô
˶ûע⵽˵ҲֻһЩл
źӺƳһ۾Ϳűɵվţɤʵʲô
ﲻУ
Уһôס
űԹ˼䣬ǽҪȥݣҪæµһ죬緹þʢصˮ
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ݺӷǳӱ뻹Ҳ࣬ǳ񣬳˴ζ֮⣬һʳ
Ǵ֦Ͳݱ֯ñӣȥæ
ũĹ̼ִһæһ죬緹ûϳԣһֱæҹĻ٣ܹջʮݡ
ջôݣǵҪˡ
ݱ㣬ǵýݷŵĿյɹɹ֮
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ϣߺңȥȪϴʱ򣬰صضһ
ʵ۲ˡ
ȫ۵һ
Լ͵͵ӴͶ
ҪֵģҲҪġ
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ǸΣصضһ
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ңȪȴǰߵСࡣ
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ңŰߵȷİȫ
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ңϵһ任λãҹɫԽŨأ·ɽתǴаߡ
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ңִľ飬ܺܿʶ߹ƾˣҪ˯ʮӣһ˯˯Сʱˡ
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ңһʵڽвˣֲȪ̫ãֻýȥ
Ȫǵ氼ȥһӣȪˮҹɫҲһãңûпߵ塣
ܿߵ壬ֻ¶ļ米
ʱֻһȹ米š
˾ˣƽʱû֫Ӵ
˵һ¼米ʲôɰǱһһ飬˯оѡ
ŵתͷңվȪĸʧȥƽ⣬ֱˤȪ
ңԱ߻ûгˤȥ֮ǰס
ûдκôһֱӹžͳˡ
ˣ˫Ǳرסңļ米ôˣ
˺ü㶼ûҹ
ң˵һ£ʲô綼Ҫġ
ȫˢһºˣһֻϺһһ𣿡
ȷʵһңѹô𣿡
ʲʲô
߻δ㱻ס죬ںмҵؽǡ
ຮ紵߱ңڳȵĻ
̫䣬ǰ̫ȣ鶯һѡ
Ӵ|УСܵܵĻԼָ
ûΪȻôˬһ̻ļ׵һֱըǺ졣
ʧȥ˼ȫĳĻΪС
ȻعǳգңĬԡ
˻ûлصУң̾һҪʵڲܽܣǾûйϵ
ţ̵̧۾ǡ
ңʲô
û뵽ôˬ˳İƳһۣյС˵֪ôˬҾͲôˡ
ңȻʧЦһ£ٴ顣
ʮĶǾܾˡ
ʮѪһξôŪ顣
ңʲô顣
ǡߺؿңһۣ˫۾ںڰҲԵú鶯õĻԺ
ңһ£סļ򣬴սЦв˭Ҫԣ
Ƥ׻ǲ˵ֺ꣬ˡ
Ҳңˣһ䣬ʱȻȥ˯ˣ
˵ҴææΣųѸķɡ
صڴϵʱԽζԽ궯̲סһѣζûлˬڱʧؿͷķζӳ¡
ڶ죬Ȼˡ
ŨأĲ¶ˮǱİ˪
ĿݷŵɹҲһ˪ǵðѿ̯ܾȵɹ̫
첻ҪɹݣҪ
ǸûʲôܸݱֻһˤصضĴľͰϡ
ˤͲϻȻͰȥ
Ŀʼ࣬ʲôСոѡӲݡӡǵȵȣûиõİ취ˡ
ò˶ãͻǲȫڼҴŸɻóóȥռʳ
ʵ۴ĻǼӦòȱʳˡ
ǽĶۿɼػһЩͷΣУǲòץʱ䣬ഢһЩ
ǲҲо˽ĶȽ䣬Ҳоˣ˶Ϊ׼
Щ˽һķӣȲѷ¡
ڽӲҪģҪռʳӣ԰Ȼȹ졣
ңֱҲæÿ춼ˣҲԸҪռʽָ
ЩʲʳȡůõĶ
ľĶߺþҲȱ١
Һ˵ææ̶̼ѣձͬ
߱ЮУҲ˼ΣС


125 ¿
峿, Զ˳
ɫһ⡣
⿴ůͣʵûʲôȶ, һ紵ܰ˴͸
ԭ˯, ɹһ̫˶, ŹǷųصȥι
֪ǲǶöˣֱӱĿѽж̾С
볤˲У̫ۡ
ǼҲǺԶ, һ͵ˡ
صرһ㣬Ҫˡ
뵽ԿŬݱȦϵʱ, ȴʳȻʳûгꡣ
ɻ̽ͷȦֿһ¡
ΪԼ, û뵽˺ü, ʳȻʳ

Ȼиҹ
ߺܿ췢֣ιĿѡ
ǼջĿݺܶ࣬ζ̫, ڸвãû취ÿʳ, ι
ֻ, , ǲ̫Щ
߶Ǽֻ, о˼
ЩһֲʲôĻɫҰֱ׽Ұ, ƽʱûԵ, Ҫ, ô˿ѣ
߼ҵò׵ȵιʳߺشչΧʳ
ɫصľչʳֲ˲ʳĿѣȷǿѣû
ô£ǰ첻ǻ𣿽ô
ߺߡ
컹ֻпѣûġ
վȦǰԥһ£ײҰеĲѶӵʳٲԻ˷ѵ
ֻһС
˵ò׵ȵιʳһʳӽȥæսʳۡ
û뵽Ⱥֻţƫͷʳ
вõԤԽŨء
߰취ֻôſȥι
û뵽ȻҲϲѣʳﻹʣǳǳһѣոǵǳˡ
ͷţ͸˵ˡ
ţԵĶǾϸϣЩݡ
ֻðѿԭ·˻ȥ
һ˶æϵԷ
߱һѻңǰӦ
һԳϲоɨһۺʵôְѿѸ˻·ҵ˱ʳ
û죬ԡƵһ극Ҫȥιһ顣
첻𣿡
Ŀû꣬Ҳٷˣֱ˻
¸´Ц
ƣҪ󶼲ԣǾֻԼˡ
ЦȻʵǻ첻Ĵ
˰һ£ƶ
ѵӣֶС˵ǲԱȽϿ֮࣬һ㣿
ǼҺȹ࣬ζûзǳʡ
վԭ룬Ҳûİ취ֻõԣҪʵڲУֻԼһˡ
īڱϲ廰ι̫ãȱԣִζĲҲ֣پͺá
̵Ϲ⣬ⶼѾ죬ϾҪɱ򣬶٣İǶˡ
ңԣûô࣬˵ǾԸˡ
һһȰѿ졣
ǼҵĹ࣬Ҳ࣬Ѳʲô£һݶеǹζƮ˳
һ㣬оζҲͦýܣûϱӳԵĿϿࡣ
ûʵڲУֻԼΪʳĲˡ
극ĿȥιǶԿ̶ܳ΢һЩǲôԡ
ƣֲø˵
ңļ򣬡ˣǵֿݣֲصҪѡܳԾˡ
ǵֿݣֻΪ˸һЩϣ˳㿴ܸܲСӽСĲһ㡣
ߵףֻǲ⻬¬ﻹǺܲˬߺߵУҵøҵô
ʲôôǰҵǸȽⶾЧȷʵǳҪϻˣҸǿೢ
ϻֲ࣬÷룬ȥɼ
߳ȥɼʱﻹһֱǹĿѡ
뵽ϣһ⡣
Ȫʱң˵ÿô
ƣȥֺϾơ
еƣͬһ֡ϾǹƣӦʳƣ֮ٴõ׾ƣôܶࡣߵǲ֪ûܲɡ
ԽԽÿС
ƵôɶˣܺãϾҪ죬ŪҾƣʱůůҲá
߽Ƶϸң˵һ顣
ңҲÿУ˵ʵû취ǰƵĲȥιҲһ
ӢͬҸһ˷ܵԣȥĺϾƻʣһ㣬ƣӦеЧ
˵Ծԡ
ʵһ㱡Ŀǣ֮ǰǵѿǡ
ѿǵḶ́һ
ǼˮԣβֶѣֱӰѲѱˮǱߣѷŵʯ
ͷŶλãˮִˣһһ¿ʼס
ߺңԱ߲ˮøȡ
õĲѲֱãǵ˹ɸɸѡ飬ɸѡ껹÷ѡһ顣
Ĳǳ࣬ǲܽдʱ档
ǻҪȥԺͲɼֻһһʱοʼæ
ȫæ˼죬ڰеĲѶѺÿˡ
Ŀ׳ʵɫһ͹⣬֮ǰιĿҪϸһЩ
ûؼҼˮһ|ҹϹ졣
Ŀݷû֮ǰôֻ࣬һСպŷ۳ԣһζ
߽ݷ̯ϾƣøɾĴףݷܷⱣ档
Щ䣬߲Ұѿݷ棬ͺңһ׿ݷ̧
¶ȱȽϸߣڷ͡
ݷԡ
УǼҵСڳˣһ˲Ҷൢ飬ȫȥС
СĴƣҲҪɹɸѡһĥۣõϸۡ
ո죬еǶϺռĲɼʹʱ䡣
߼⣬ҲС󣬲СֵñȰ߼ҪոҲȰ߼Ҫ
ʱȥָոĥۣ˳̴һЩرʳ
ŴĲԶɾô̶̵һ룬ҵȴܲͬ
伸ͬʱȥСеĳ磬Щոʱ䲢һ
㻹㣬С󶼰ȫոˡ
Ƚðĵȥˮ䣬ֵˮҲƫ
ڣˮȫûгļ󣬵һƬൾŸտʼཬ
϶Ѿ˱˪һˮڶûг죬϶Ҫֻ֪Ҫʲôز᲻ա
ÿοǼҵĵпֻ⻰Ҳø˵ֻ˽ºң䡣
ңοˮĵһ꣬˾͵飬ǱҲˮԷ
ͼʲô̫顣
߿ֵظ˵ҺõǳˣʵڲУЩȥιţҲȫûջ
ȽæҲñȽ硣
ʱ춼ûȫ
λ׵ķ䣬λѾˡ
Ҳڼҡ
ȥϴ֮緹
ûʲôʵĶԳԣ＾ȻḻһЩ͸ɹ߲˺ʳûˡ
ڳĿ﷭һ£ʵûʲôθʳġ
ÿͬĶԼˡ
ڳתһȦվȥҵ㹽϶ڰӡ
ýѾˣǲȱۡ
һͿǷſڵŴ̳ӡ
̳ŸָĶ̵Ƥ顣
˲ǼҵƤûг
Ƥжʮˣյ˵ƤѾˡ
æ򿪴ǵĲӡ
һ򿪣һʯζֵζ䡣
ζʵڲţҺûûõζ
ڱǰһ·磬ͷȥƤƤҺ͵ǹʵʵǣ֪ʲô
óȥˮϴɾˣǿƤʲôˡ
ͨѼû̫
ߵͷһ£żǹɴ̱ǵʯζӦû
˸ƤĿ
һĿͷĵʻѾԣӵ˺еԵƤõпĻģƤƤĶǺںɫɫ̫ÿ
һ£ûʲôζεƤˡ
ֻ䣬˼Ƥ
һ˰˸Ƥ˸Ƥˣ͸ĺںɫ׺Ưеԡ
ֱӳһС飬ܳƤŵζ֮Ƥζ͵ʯζҲ˵Ǿʲôζ˵ѳԡ
ֱ߱裬¼˳Բϰߣһ£ջǽƤ졣
Ƥ󣬵Ʋ״̬ͬʱҲʲôʯζˣٳӦûȽϺýܡ
Ƥֳݣһҧĩĩ󽴵Ȱɽ֭裬һݷŵƤࡣ
֪˵Ľܶôʳöࡣ
¼ϻԲصذ˰ӡ
̫ƽһξ󣬼Ҳ½½ˣһսϳʲôȿŵʳ¶ϲ
Ҳ̫ʢ˰ɣôôˣаӣ԰ӡ
ߵǸɫģϳ𣿡
ʲôɫģһȦ˵ĩĶʲô֮ǰôûʲôر񵰣
ǣ֮ǰƤ
˵ǸƤҲûʲôرİǿԳÿӹ͵һ顣
Ȱ߱ʾԣæܽһ˫ӳһƤӽȻٲŪƤһ£°ں̡
߶ϵı飬ôòóԣ
һ£һûгζϵıе֣ٳһ顣
һ飬˵еҪһ㣬˵ʲôζȫûʯζ
Ц˵ûа
һ£ҺǸǻԷ
ȥӺˣܽ˵˾ôû
ʲôҪæҿü˷ɵɽȥˡ
ûʲô°
ΪС֣ŬһȦû뵽ʲô¡
Ҳ²ʲô£԰˵Ҳѯһ¡
ңΪļ˾ʲô鶼Ҫܡ
ֻһЩ顣
緹ʱ򣬰ң
ңȻ˵ûʲô£Ľȡ
ڹ£߲öʣ˵쳢һƤ֪ϲθڡ
ƤζЩ֣ÿ˶ܳԵϰߣңоƤһ㣬ҲоƤһ㡣
ߺͰԼǵĸīƤζǳƤǳ·
극ҪȥԺͲɼ
ѾʼˣҪȥ𣿡
һӣȵôô죿
ˣ÷žỵ
֪ǲҲо˽궬ر䣿Ǵر࣬ͻȥһƬطҵ߰˸󶴡
ʱֻڷ󶴡
ļرһ굽ͷæŴʳһ꣬ǵõҲ
ʣµĶˣǺС
ߵǽȥϲоɡ
ƽͲһжȥĵطҲһȥû̫Ĺϵ
ֻ֮ǴߴҪȥû˵
һǳֵ飬ֵľǲͶ
ƽɭҲҵܶʳһڵﴢõʳ̶ֳֿȻǲһ
ߺϲң˵һ㣬Զһ㣬ȥڵĵطͷǳϣǽ껹ܷһر
ȥĹҵܲȥĵطֶԶ֪ҪŪʲôر¶ѣȻ̲סҪһ
Ϻܻڶңȥæˡ
Ԥϵһ˺ü죬ÿ춼ջ񲻷ƣȻûҵʲôмֵ¶
߲ģҵ󶴶һ顣
ǴСض飬ûеǾУ֪˶ˡ
ߺңرΣȺкҾۼǲʲôϲ°
˵ˡȺ̽ͷغǽȥʱڵ˼ڽû뵽ɣ
µĺڽ𣿣ҿ
ڽڿѾǺȱˣ߻ǶԺڽǳȤ
Ⱥ뿴һǿڽ
ְ˽ŵҳǿڽ߿һǿڽеĲһ
ڽκνһʵغܼӲҴȺܸߡ
ҲǽǴȵͶˣʯڽͲһ
߶ֽкøУǼʯͷȥشȻ˼ۣЩԡ
Ͼֹĺڽ֪ԺڽʺһЩĵá
顰ڽԸĺڽһȺڽҪᣬܶࡣ
Ǻڽ𰡡
߶Щ˷ܵĻȥûп⼸ڽǺڽʯԴȲǺܸߣ
ϸٿ˼ֻۣǲԣӦòǺڽ𣬺Ҳʯ
ʯһζ˵󲿷ʯһζϸ⼸ڽ𣬷⼸ڽûζġ
ǻ᲻ʯ
߽⼸ɫʯͷңңҲùȥȥؿ˼ۡ
ңҡҡͷûϳ⼸ʯͷʲôҲΪǺڽ
ôǲҵµĺڽڵʱ򣬷滹кЩһʱ䣬ǿڵࡣ
ѽǿڵ˺ڽҪȻһȥɣҪжĻǿһߡ
ڼﶼڵˣµĺڽܻǳࡣ
Ƕǳ˷ܣһϾҪ˵˷ܡ
ǿңͰߣѰ顣


126 ú
ĿҰ, ľ㣬һƬݻƣɫǳͳһ
ƬҰ, 󶴵ĴڱøۣǷڸ߿֮ϣһɨȥɨü󶴡
Щڿɫݲݲһ󶴡
ౡǰİԸʾǿµ
ߣౣ
ˡ
һ˸, Ķڷȥ䵽ϱΡ
ˡࣺ
ˣڵڵüڽ𡣡
ڸڵĶҲڵˣºкöࡣ
˾ˣߴ, ǿҿǲǡڽ𡯣
ǺϣڵľǺڽ, ±߷, ʱһ߻롣
Ҷ˹, ˵ŻʱѾù߰󶴾򿪡
ͷڵĶȴֿºü, Ӳڳһ
ϰ벿ֻǻƺɫ, °벿ڳɫĲĩ
ĩʩʵũһ
վڿ, һɫĩ
ֺɫĩȺɫĿʯҪñ, ȷ, ⲢǺڽ, ú̿
߶˵ⲻкڽ, һֽú̿Ķ
ߴӿڽʼһֱû˷вõԤУȻ˵ⲻǺڽʱ򣬴һ̲סʧ
ʣⲻǺڽʲôǺɫɣ𣿡
ãдá߶ЦЦǵķַǳмֵ
ҲܴƳɹߣ
ܣһȼϡ
ãȻָ֪ȼʲôϵ
ȻǶ֪һ㣬˼ֺɫĶգ
û´ĻӦÿԡߵһȥһ£
ɫ̫ȷʵû취
Է׷¨װֺɫ
Ҿҵкװȥ
Щɫڵ£ܵˮӰ죬ͦʪ󣬰׾پܰЩųһú
ĺˮǳ
⣬˭ֽ֪ú̿Ķʲôãͨͨ͵ȥˡ
Ҳƾܣֻлת峤һңȥһȥԡ
Ƿ׷״Ӧҹɫ±Σųɻزȥˡ
߻ʱλѾص˼ңǴɫ˶ʮֺ档
ȵⶫǺڽɣǰһˡ
Ǻڽһֽú̿Ķգճ¶ȱȲ߶ˡ
ⶫգ̫ŵһ飬ŵӵţⲻ𣿡
Ȼǡߵ극Ծ֪ˡ
䣬ߺͼһһˡԴΪˣźҧƵպϳԣ̡
ϷͰѩſԱ߿йͷһ߿һ߷Ҹġ໡
³ԶζһĽһʱ䶼ڿǵʳȽٸ˳Ե⣬⣬Ҳرΰ汾
ֻǳԹʳѾѧ죬ڶĽ̶ܳȷߡ
һ˳극ߺң粢ż磬ʳȥιֻСࡣ
ֻСȽϲԷ˵ʳͨڷιֻСһ
ֻСȽˣǵͶιҪ档
ߺңڰʳֻСˮȥӡ
Сһһ߽ӣﻹһ߷ġǳ
߸ֻСһһоûôˡ
ιСٻȥʱѾ׺͸ˣǵա
ϰߣīʱӦûطϢ
ȴûطǵȶӻ
Ҫֿյ
īʣЩҪôգֱӶ¯
ץץҲ̫Ȱɱ
ûչú̿
ֻСʱ˺úúˮ࣬ͺúŵɹɡ
ɹ˾Ϳջȥˡ
һ˶̫ôŪֻú
ң
īҲָӣʯͷȰú顣
ǴúûɸѡʲôСľʯͷв֪Ŀʯ
ߵ֪úһ㶼а󣬵רҵˣҲ̫Щһ㶼ʲôҪôá
úɸѡƳúʹã˽ļޡ
һ˼ʯͷѺúŵʯͷĥò飬ĥʷŵһߣĥõмʢһߡ
Ϊĥ˸ú
ǸմӵڻúˮȽϸߣǿɵؽúú
úеҲһȭͷСڱϿͣҪһ󣬻ú顣
һæСϣŪú
ʣôŪֱӰŵ¯ȥ𣿡
ࡣҲ̫ҪȻϴףܲһࣿ
߼רõĴչޡ
ȥϴ׳޵Ͳǡ
ָң͸ڻмľٽúڲɽ롣
ңľһѻޣûӵš
ɽٻɫĻҹĴ£졣
ɽú濾ˮֻˮһγһɺ̡
Ȳɽˣ潥ȥȻ󳹵Ϩ
úڻ룬һٺҹһһ
ַ߽ڻϿգ̽һ¶ȣˣչ޷ŵȥɡ
Ǽ鲻úǲټӵȥ
ã⼸úӦþܹһˡ
аɣġ
ǰĴչ޷ŵ档
úڻһһǵ΢Ļ翴ô̲סӵ̡
ŶƶʣҪã
Ҳ֪Ҫ°ҹȥǸ˯ɡܲ죬һܿˡ
ÿţ
ãֲӲܱҲûʲôյŵĶԼվˡ˵Ȼϴٿ
úѾڻˣǵҲûã߽׵Ժңһȥϴ衣
ϲ̽ĳ֡
гʱû׼
ȽæгȽϺʱ䣬ûдʱר̽
غҲ̫Ҫǣĵﻹˡ
ܷңǳ˵٣ĵﻹһ˿־塣
ң֪ĵĹǣֻһδλһ߽ķߡ
֪ʲôˮܣĿǰԣûͦ֡
ѾһȪ
Ȫһͨ·ɽ·ɡ
صҵʱ򣬰صؿһ»еúúȼţǯᲦúңܿúĻ⡣
ߴĹӣͿˣڱһδе״̬һζ˱Ƕ
õȵڶ죬ھˡ
¶Ц⡣
ַ˻ȥ뿴һ྿ʲôӡ
ߵڶ챻ѡ
˵Ĳ࣬ˣ
һµҿ
һͷϸİ볤ͷ˯߰㣬ץһ£Ь߳ȥǸ¯𣿡
ˣҽһúҶˣ൹ǻȡ
ҿӸöƯ
̽ͷһ࣬һͣƺ˿飬ǳƯ
ŵһ˱ǵ㡣
úá´ϳŵʱ򣬿Ȱϣеóˡ


127 ú
ߴϷͰѩȥ, ܲӧӻгС, ƺ󼷸ˮ֣С
Ǽҵ׶Լģò㾫ϸֻǼȥǣǲףʵɫɢһе㡣
࣬Ͳ, µܲӧ, ͬһڸϸ̹ࡣ
ٿ⣬ɳһʷʲݣʳ, ͿԳ緹ˡ
ɽͷ, ڸļ˻
ңҲ, ߽ϴɾŵ, һһ࣬кҳ緹
صضԸ˵㲻ø, 峤ȻǼ, 첿ʿӦòȥˡ
īһͷѾյϢһȥú
ʣúôãǲǾͲÿôˣ
ҡͷ, ȿжú, ٿúô, ǲ˵궬ر䣬Ƕ࿳һб޻
ңô
ңʳͣ¿ӻشҺһ࿳һ㣬ղ꣬ŵҲС
ǻûг극±Ųʿˡ
ӴһȺգƱգһ޴ơ
½һ䵽ɽͷѸٱΣһ˵һ
Ƶɽͷ·˲ʤء
ߴؿһۣһ¾ͷ֣һٶ
Ⱥгˣˡ
ҶԱ˹ߡ
ûнũߣһЩũߺʯũߡ
ÿ϶˷ܵı顣
˷ܵغͰǼ˴к
æһں࣬¿ӣȥӭӣ峤ôô
ֲᵢ¡
Ҳ̫Ҹɻˡȹϲһ֣Ϊ˵һƬеЩҳ˷ûУǼҵ緹ɡ
߼ֻǺֻСǳһķˣ߼ҹǷ˾ʮָˣÿܳһ㡣
ҷ׷ƾܣԣż
߼ˣңŶٵسڣ룬Ҳʣµʳ۵۵ʰӡ
æǴҵһ£Ǻܿͺˡ
£ԣԱٳ
ãѾˡվȴȥõú
ߴǲιŪõú
ץʱ䣬ʳȥιǺСࡣ
˵ú̿ãȻô÷˭֪
߸ɴ򵥽һú̿γԭٽú̿ãм䲻Ѵ̿ȡůʱע
һ̼жһǳص飬ʱҪ
ϣǶú̿ĵһӡ˫нԺÿһʹõʱ򶼼ӱСġ
˵ú棬ҲĻȥˡ
һ׷ú̿ϸú̿ԡ
ߵ˻𣬽õúոǿ
úԱȲգĻҲС
ú̿ڽұϵôô
һʾ˺ܳʱ䣬Ƚʱ򣬼Ѿιˡ
߱㲻ٵ飬ֱӺһȥú̿
ú̿ĵطһƬƽԭ
ɽɽŵƽԭ
ƽԭкܶ󶴡
ʱƺƵһȺ˸ϹǺ͵͵ˡ
ʣһЩһ˰˵
ûп̽ߣҲ֪ô𣬸ɴָӴڵú̿ĵطڡ
ú̫̿ˣССһؼôˣ߱ȥԱߣ󶴾Ϳڡ
ֻ˺򣬴ȷúĵص㡣
߸о⴦úصλúǳ¶졣
Ӧò˶þܷúĴ·Χ
ǵܴ󣬸ֲϧ
ǼͷȥڳһĶ
ܿ죬ڳԱ߶ѳ˸ǽ
Щ߿һ£ȥֱá
ȻҪڵú󣬾Ͱú󸽽ڳȥúúשͷûڳúĵطҪڳĶԭãƻ
һ߻ӳͷһмƻš
ĵļƻûƣԱߺȻ˺һɤӣڳúˡ
ʶվֱӣ̧ͷķȥ
һ˸˵ػ֣ߴˣ
ߣҹ
Χˮһˣæóλá
Ȱ߹ȥˮһ£ӵڰߣһ鿴ǰڳú
ңߵߣһ𿴡
ֻһۣͷ˵ĹȻûڳú̿
µú̿һʯһɫ
ĺɫΪˡ
˷ܵͨ죬ǹһܵĺˮæץŹǳˣ쿴
ȥڳĿӶУаô
һرζµʪ
һ飬ֱݸң£Ҳ
ң鿴꣬ͷƷʿ
̫ˣ˸߲ңú̿
߳Цԣɵò
ڵú˷׷Ա߼ڡ
ǲŸղ鿴꣬˺Ҳڵú
һ˸Ϲȥ鿴

Ҳڵˡ
ҲУ
ö࣡
ߴˣ
߷о˷Ǵϲõ
ܿ죬ҷˣֻҪڣڵһȣԿú㡣
վĵط¶ú̿
ҲʶúеĴúλãҲеҪǳ
иú
𾪡
ߣʱҲһ仰ӣ
ڵԴҲ̫ˣ
Ҽڳú̿ɾԽ㣬ͷ硣
Ǻоƣһ㣬һֱڵ硣
һƽԭϲ㱻ˣչ¶ǰģһ򳡻ӡ
һƬڣǻú̿
˵ڳ˴ú̿Ҳ˷ǰڳѵԶҲһú˲䡣
ÿ϶Цݡ
ܲ˶Щú̿ζʲô˶ջȾ鲻Խ¶Цݡ
ߵĶʵ̫ˣ׷׸֡
º˼һ£ϢҲȥɴ಻
ú̿ãٿú̿ĴĽĹâ
Ѿô䣬ĺһܿ¡
ں֮ǰҵôȼյú̫̿ˡ
ֱĳ谮
ڶѾӽռ
Ȼʵľʵʮޡ
ҪǿˣûطԲɼˡ
ߣǿľˣɽͻˣҰûˣҲΪ⡣
ҶҴŸɽʹ
һȥԶһĵطɢռ
ٴ󣬳ãȥôԶĵطҲһǳ顣
̲ᣬҪ뱳õĲ𣬼ϵƤõһ㡣
Űڳú̿ԽԽ࣬Ľض԰˵ӥкڽ𣬰ú̿ߴˣʲôʱնתתܷܲʲôɣ
ߵﲻ֣ˣȽ䣬Ǽǵһɲݣñů
ӦûͺüҶӳѩĳ
ͺϴ󺮳ҲϹҪȫˣǿҲ֡


128 ɱ
ڵúеĻҪࡣ
úڳ, ƽԭ϶ѳһСɽ
ЩɫСɽεض𣬿𺳡
Ψһð߾Щźľ, ڵúûʲôú
Щúһγһú
ú̫ǳˣ绯һڵģ
ú̫ãڵúһǳ˸˵¡
Ǽӭһ䶬죬㹻úȡůʵ̫ˡ
Ϊף졣
úȥԻ߲ɼٻú, ÿ۳ףôãչ˵ĸ˳̶ȡ
ߺңΪҪڲ
ǵôͲһظ裬ιĶǣ粢һɽ裬ż
ƣɺ󣬰ܻһ|ҹߡ
ú, û취ֱգ߽̰ú
ڳú̿ɸһ飬Ĵú̿ʯͷ, ټˮúŪʪȻƵģ߽úѹʵ, ѹһú
߼ú, Էú̺Ϥ
΢оһ, ңľͷ˷úѹú
ǽСƹ㿪ѹúЧʴ
һ֣ܿ죬ɽϡɽ¡ӱߡԭҰȣɹѹõķú
˶Աʶһ֣Ԥʲôʱû
Ǻܷĵؽúɹ
ķܸúĺˮȽ٣ͷֲ죬ɡ
Ұɵķúջһ¶ǽٸϿݲݱ֯ڵ¶ˮ˪
Ҫõúôһ¶úǽ
˾ŴĽ鶼ǳмңͰߵڣߵú̿࣬ҲģֻҪöԸ⻻
ֻúøԼڣ˻ҪȥҲɡ
úЩⶼǶȡůȼϣ˵ǾҲΪ
˴䣬ĸû͵׷״ŶҰ廻úٴӰѧϰѹƷúļ
嶼ԼɫƷʳƷƷӶࡣ
ֵܲʣصط͵ߺң
ңǼ˾嶼ĺö
ǲеߣηúգԼúĹͣʱ͸÷һݡ
Ƕַû
úúǣҪ٣ȥڣر䡣
յ֮ʮָˣˣ˻˴룬Լš
úôҪʣûΪìѾ˸ˡ˻ǵصظôʣˡ
ֻһĿˣңҲˣòôʣҲ˷ѣǸͿˣȱʡ
յػ֮˸˸ķú
߼ĶȽ϶࣬ճҪʳҲ࣬Ҫú̿ȷʵȽϴ
ûܾ
īŰÿز䣬ʹһú
ǴԺͲɼʱҲŲж
Լ̫ϲŲжƽʱңһ
ñȽ硣
죬ңͰߴһͷţ̫ûɽ֮ǰͽţ˻
һͷţ
ͷţҰţǵȰƤȻţֽɸλ̯ᣬܽһ
Ѿˣķ綼Ǹı磬ţⲻ÷̫ƣ£ֱţɡ
ߴһСֳԣʣµĶţɡ
ǽʱȽ㣬ţɣʱСʳ
ţǸȽСվԱ߸ң֡
ңֿȣƽʱõСɵؽţֳһ֡
ǰѻûƳСȴӲĹͷŹؽں͹Ƿж£ⶼտķֽ⼼
߿ܶվӴţǰΪַе𺳡
ңţΪλźãʣһŴţƤ
ҪȽţƤơ
Ա߿ˣһֱû뿪ңתͷĿºͣȥϴţƤ
áȵȣҰţͷϡ
ţͷʵ̫ˣһ㲻ֱӴ⣬ǽţͷϴɾ󣬷ˮμϣʼ
ϼСʱţѹǣٰţͺòˣʱ򳴻裬Ҳǳ㡣
ңȥϣϴţͷ
ãôʯʯ󡣡
ʯ̫أŵúǸ¯ȥ
⼸ʯͷһúר¯
¯¯רżһ̴ѣú̾ͲѬˡ
ʱúղ񷽱ˣżúȥܹܺþá
ϣȥϴƤ¯ӦûûϨ
ղУղʱʱŲ𣬲ȻܿͻϨ
ߵͷͬ⣬תȥ䣬Ҫȥϡ
⼸Ƚæڼңȴüû䡣
һ䣬߾ŵһζ
Ӧǡζ
ǼƵĴѾŲˡ
ŵǿѣϴŲ׵ʱһ£ʱҲоζֻǾζȽϵ
֪ľӦãҲûؾ飬ĥ죬ɴʪ·ףĿ½ͻ
žˣҲˡ
һҲ֪ƸױϷŵʪΪˣȻ©ζ˭Сһ顣
֮׾ľζܳˡ
߶ʱ˲ϣæƸױصĲӺ͸׸
ǵʱƵʱ򣬽ݷŽѹʵ滹ĨƽˣмľƳһԲ
Բ˵ɫ֭ҺݷҲƮ֭ҺУͣˣһࡣ
Ҫǣһ֭ҺɢžζûùûȻɹˣ
תͷøҨ֭Һ
˺üۣûʵɴཫеĲббǽһܻسҪøɾҨơ
ңϴţͷȥôˣ
ǵľƺˣһ£Ҩ
һ𳢣

ڳһûҵȫĵ롪ͻӾҨƵʱȾҺ
ץң߽ʲô
ҵ㶫ҨơƽʱõʱֱߵĹ߶ûطţҪ÷һҲšˣˣֱ̧ﵹɡ
ȵȡңסӴ̨ùһͲ
ǼҺԺѾܶˣҲ԰ӿɸָþߡ
Ͳþߡ
ǲŸãϴڴ̨ϣԭҨͣҨƵǸպá
߿ֵң󣬡ߡ
ȥ䣬Ƹ׿һľζŨˡ
СҨ벻ѵľҺ
Һʢںһֻǵİɫһ̡
߰ûԥһҨֱӴȥһڡ
ҺڱһǳĿζе̼ˮִ̼΢һͷζҲȽϵȥ󣬻еʡ
еơƣеˮľƣʵ˵ʲôζ
ľԸоθ֮Уһ⡣
оǳء
۾һڡ
תͷȥң
ң΢΢һ룬е֡
ܺúȣ΢̧°ͣЦϷҧĿȣζһˬ
ңһ£ͷͬҹҲǡ
Ǹһףһ־ơ
ңƺԡ
ץס󣬴ԼŲͬʱѾӭȥ
ײġһ
ϵЦ۾ɱ
ңˣҪջʱֽݹȥٴһ£ɱ
ջؾ룬һڣЦ
Ҳ˵ɾƴЦǺңһȾƴЦ


129 ͬס
ߵţͷû, ǻˡ
˵ľˣǳظһ鿴
ߴҨƺȡ
Һʢںһص, ζеŹ, ͸ˡ
ڸб, ζ̼һںȥľ˲תůĻ, Ӷյ, Ūͨ, Դκ
, ö, ٸһ롣һһ룬ץž, Ƥͨ죬ҲһҪ
ʲô룿ٺˣͷ, ɶɲѵ磬ͷöؿ, Ǹ, ҲٺһЩ
ϹŵЦݣ°΢̧, Ҫ, 㰢չҡ
īŴ, Ȱܡ
Ѿʼ, ߵĻ, ֺ˺üڣ˫㶵صž룬Ҫһ㣬͸úˡ
˵ɣˣȥѲ˶˳
ݾƲŸߣȻԵһνӴƵ˵ǱȽϴ̼
ʹܿˡ
òأƷҲУչ˰īչ˴ֹǳȷ
ߵȰ˯ź󣬻Ҫңȥϴ衣
оζϴС
ңڱϷܷɵ
Ա룬ɲ
ţң˫ۿ
㱳Ұ
ͻȻ˹ͻȻңһſѹңϣԭңѹ
û뵽ң˿˫죬ס
ſϣ˫ֱסļ磬档
ˤ㣬߰ɣȥϴ衣
ߴңԭԼɣңΣʾһԼĺ󱳡
߽ûк׺ȹ˾ƣֽЩز붯
ңԸⱳֽŲõңϣǰ˲䣬˫ֱסĲӡ
ңչ޴ĳ򣬷衣
ҹ߱ңûио䣬ֻʮֳ졣
ң֪ϲصϷһȦŴɵȪǱߡ
ͬһȪ
ȰԼĳۣݲԡ󣬡ˡһȪУԡңһˮ
ңεؿ棬Ц
Цִ꣬սңһң촽
ȣһԱ
ңϣ£뿪εĻ
ȹ˾Ƶ֫岻ôҲҪ󣬱Ƚĥˡ
ң̣ץס֣Լžζůİˡ
ԻǣʵĥĽǼɡ
û뵽ҹʧء
һüҡ
Ȫˮҡ
վȣ˶ңϡ
Ƥ
ů̼á֡͡
ȰеҪõö࣬ҲеҪöࡣ
ܰйǣϡ
ҲΪ̫ϣʧص
һ֡ĥɤӶˡ
ߵڶ˯ѵʱûԼң
ңĲƤңůݵƤ
ƤӸף˫ƤƤҲţҪ졣
ãȻ۾˼һƬҡ
ңļ磬ͷͷһƬ磬˯һȻȥ
ѿڶôֲС
˵ŷԼɤۣ񴵲ȡ
ңЦ÷ǳԣ֪㲻ǡ
лײһ¡
ңְסߵ֡
˱µ΢һƤڳһ磬ǳ̼
Ҫӱ
ңһֽ̣˻ȥ
峿ٴοʼ

ͣ߶۵ʱȲ⻹΢΢鴤
ŭңüš
ԱңһֻĴҰޣһ㶼ûⱻߣٴΰһ£ұȥ
ޣ߳ŭĿӣһǵ˵Ҳ½㡣
ŵõҵζ
ߵ䡱һͨ죬ץ´ŭĿӣ㻹ζ
ңһ£ζǳ壬ܾŵζ
˵İ߲úŪǻһһתʲô֪ˣ
ʽΪ¡
ҡ
ˣ
𣿡һ˲ͷϣɨԼʱֱ׳ңһ£㻹˼ˣ
߲кܶۼҲˡ
ǰһС켤ʱҧסԼ·ҧĶ
ڲ󣬲ӶԿһƤ
õˣ˵ܿƤϵ״̣ңһ¡
߻صҵʱ򣬼Ѿˡ
Ҥﻹи緹
ֻеȣѾͦãСӦҲιˡ
˿ٽ壬һȳһյȥ÷ԡ
岻ʵڲ붯극ȥľƸס
ǺȾ£
ҪЩƴ
ȥƸ׵ʱ򣬷ֻʣ׾ơ
ʣһ벻֪Ǳ˺ˣǱǴȥ˲ҷ
֣Կ˶׾ȷʵǳϲ
ߵ˾Ƹ׺һ㬵ذѲӸǻȥ
ˣϲȾƣȲ׾ˡ
Ŀѻкָܶ࣬ңѴˮǱߡ
ף׾ơ
ھƸľƻ࣬
ҪȻƺˣ´ƣǸ⡣
ңƢǳãԹ˵ʲôʲô
ǻʱ򣬶֮ղ̫ԡ
Сشսң˾ˣǳˣ
ûңЦЦõġ
ңƽʱЦ˸һ
࿴üۣͻȻˣߺһ㡣
ң֣صͷһġ
᲻극趼ûϴط˯ˡ
Ѿϴһˣһ֮ڲϴΡ
̸̸ûᣬȺңһʽĶԻ
Ӽ̸ӦûС
ҲǴңżڰ߼ޡ
߲̫˼ǶƽĶԴδϵ٩ǡ
һ˾ôȻعͬ
ʵͦϲңͬӡ
˯˻ܺůİһоʱԼڱȥˡ
죬
ң𴲣ȥæղ緹
ɽͷֻܰķżֻڼﶼôУڴ֮׾ٱ
ңǸ˵
˵ѹñȽϵͣ߻˵ݡ
ң˵Ǹϴˡ
ô䣬æȥ
ûϵϱҲûʲô¡
˼̵˵˼仰治ٴ̸Ӧøæȥˡ
ڴϵ컨壬ﻹǾͳġǸ

֪˶ãңһάơ
ңɾ֣գŶô飿
˫ץסң۾ƹǸʲôʲôʱĵĿڣ
ңҰסǰһ졣
ǾȪĵڶ죬ңλ̸ǴΡ
˻˿ǲҲĿˣ
ңûлشȴܿ϶
߿˿ңȻһƱӣһ꣬סԴ̸ܾ
ңЦһűԴ


130 
û˰ɣ
, ߾Ȼ̽ͷصôһ䡣
гŵĲ, Ʈ
̺, ãȻ
һ, 磬˵ʲô
۴⡣
峿͸ɫĲս, лҳƮ
ܺãûˡ
վֱˣüŪ۵춼, Ǹ, š
Ȼָʲô, 㶮Ҫȥϴ𣿿ȥ
˵ֵĻˡУңԼȥ
Žȥϴ, ߼
˻ûãһߴӰ߽, վڰ, һ¡
߶һ, עӰ졣
ң°ͣһ£ʲô, ⡣
, Ҫˣߺһ, Ȼŵһɽζ, æעתǰĹ
ңվЦ
߰ѹĲʢƳߵңһۣƵ˵˵ģոҸ绹ңǵ
ңĺһ£ȥѴһЩ
߼ҵĴǰʱľġ
ľ³ֻǸľñȽϺõˣʵȽһ㡣
䵱ʱûнӣ߼ҵĴõľîṹȶԷǳһ㡣
һסãңһסѪյż׽һ£ҡⲻ˿֨졣
żûˣң϶Ӹͷȥӹ̴
ӹ̺󣬺죬Ȼ֮һĵҹ˵ĴԤ׵ˡ
ңֺãŰվһط֮У˶ˡ
˾춯أߵļ˴ʱ򣬰ڴͷϵľڵϡॡॡع

һÿϵı鶼΢Ĳͬ
ɴ۾һǾȻô󡱵顣
ϹЦ⣬Ϊ˶ӵӣƴס
īüͷһȥ˻޶ȡģ
εú޲굽ȥ
˰һīһЦ˵û¾ͺãʰһ£˯
ңллǸȥ˯
߼ҵĴѾһľ壬ұϻػƣע޷˯ˡ
ֻȥң˯ˡ
εͷð̣һнȼߺңɽϷɡ
ңһʱû˯ˣѾˣƤҲеζ
ңҪȥñӣסˣҪǾԲڼǰˡ
ңֱסǾôԸһҹȥһµĴ
˭򣿡ӣĵؿһۣȥ³ôͲſһĴôˣ
û£⡣
Ҳ뱻⡣
ңͷһĶͷӥ˴һţ
þŴʲôܿùȥ𣿡
ҲУһš
ľûʲôֻҪ㹻ľͷͶӾͿԼ
˼ȥֻ취ףֻܵͷͬ⡣
ڶһ磬ϻؼҳԷ
緹ңġ
˰Ѵľͷȫϳ¡
㹻ĹߺͶӡ
ֻǣľͷȴ̫á
ңľͷǸľͷƤûаֻǼ򵥵ûĲһ¡
ЩľͷһŴýһ׹ȴ
Щ費ӣҲвϣΨһǷȱľʱ䡣
ǵľɴѾˣڼһ´
ľͷһţôҲҪʮ¡
ңȥ˻һ㴦˵ľͷ
üͷ취ǲС
ңһ֪лüʾ˵
˫ֻأ°˼Ǿãľͷȷʵôʵá
˵ĸӶȽϸߣҲȽأƽʱֵʱһСĻװѴײá
Ľľ
ĽľͲȶһ֨죬һ߾á
һĴҲò˶೤ʱ䡣
ܴܲδζ޴ϢҪȥǻڲˣ
ңͷȷʵôãȥһʯͷһʯͷ
㻹ǵȥ˵Ļ𣿡
ȥˡ
ֻǼҵķ֬ϼ֬͸£ջ𿻵ĻܻеΣա
ߣȥ궬첻ô䣬Ǽҵķֽòִ٣ʣԭϣ߲̫ܳԭר޽𿻡
һ£ȥջѡ˷
ͲһˣˮʯңнߣһŻ𿻵ʱ侫ɱࡣ
ǻú̿ɨҲȥ򵥵öࡣ
ңֱͦ뽨
ҾÿУ겻ر䣿Ƚ𿻣һЧʵڲУٰ
˵֮һ£̫˼ؽŲ䣬𿻸պҪһɽҲ̨ĻͲÿٶȥԷˡ
ߺܰˣҲͼһԷң¡
֮䣬Щ˽ܻ
Ҳһңദʱ䣬ǵʱͱλǰ
ĺһңġ
ң޽𿻶˲Ȥôһ𿻣Ҫʲôϣȥռ
һ£ֽд
ûֽ𿻣ֻǼ
Ҫһ𿻣ȵ׼שͷ
ûպõĺשõשʯͷ档
ʯͷҪ
Ҳ̵ȿ뿻ܽůשʯȵĲ|壬¶ȺԻȣ¶Ҳάֺܾá
ΣҪ壬̵ϣһ
һӣôˮ࣬Ūһˮ壬Ϳǽʵ⻬Ŀ塣
ʯҲУ࣬һɽȳԳʯҲ࣬ҪĻ˴һգ϶ܴյ
֮⣬ǿܻҪ¯̵ڡ
ϸ̵һ£Խ½һ𿻲ѡ
õͼת򣬵ݸңôÿ𣿡
Ľһסң˻вͼֽһ£Ҳϡ
ڷﻭλá
ңķǽ½ģ漸ʲôûУտյڷ޽𿻡
˽ݣ̿ڵϴ»λá
˸ͷܸߣҪĿҲ
رһ£Ҫǵľס֮⣬ϣܽúÿһ㡣
ǽԺסкӡ
⿻ҪһЩҲֱӽɰӵĴС
ǿڿͷλá
һ߻ͼһߵ
ϱӽӴôܵѬҲ࣬۹ʱĴˡҪá
ңһ۹⣬ǳ
˼ûз硣
߲ñ֪ΪŪ˴ı󽨻𿻡
ڽ𿻵ĹУûκ˰æ
ûߡ
ڲڼס󲿷ʱ䶼ɽϣҲ֪ڸʲôûй̽
ߺңһ顣
ǼҵĲ϶࣬Ҳ࣬Ƕǳǿ
û죬ǾͽʱĵһŻ𿻡
ˮ໹ûг׸ɵصص죬̲סңһԵտ
ǰѷúŽ¯ӡ
¯ֱͨ𿻣ȵƮִһ˵̴
˽ŵſ塣
ˮ࿻Ⱥǵ˺һܸоµĿ彥ů
ůҪƤӵκһֱůůҪǿ
һֿɹ̫һůůС
̲סȥˣԣ


131 ˢǽ
պõĿʮů, ɹù̵ʯ壬ȥů
һᣬ̲סңһʯ, ʯ¡
, ɹһؿңϣ۾п
еҪһЩңǲ֪ûôů
ֻҪúնůնů
½ã߶ҵĿò, һµַúȥ, ¯һװˮˮ
տͬʱ, һˮǾͿʱȵˮˡ
˰, ¶һֱȶ, ûйҲûй, 棬϶ᱻˡ
, ҳƤ̺ãǾ˯ſϡ
ִƽ, ůʣڿϷҲκ⣬ǰ˵Ŀ֨˲Ļεʧˡ
˵, ˯ڿϱ˯ڴˡ
ʵ, ߶ңʾ, ҪǸҲſ
ǲǵȸһ·ӣ
ǵġǻжˮʯңȥӥǱ߻һ, ڷĨһˮ׻ҾͲˡ
ʣĲ࣬Ҫһ㣬ҲҪˮࡣ
ڴ˵л
ʮůӲã𴲣·ڿţů͵Ҳ
ڿȥʵ󷨣ңЦ˺һᶼûܳɹ
һᣬңǿЩҴñӣ˯һȥ˽㡣
ǵ¯ӽڳһǽ֮ʱ̲ƮܸǽĶ
ڴң߽һǽ䣬ˮˢ
֪ˡ
Ϸ¯ϵˮһֱ̿ţʱ̿𽥽ϨҲڡ
ˮˢϴǳʡ
ңǲ̫ôõĻ򵥵ͻû⡣
͵ɳ𴲳Է
߸оֱҸĻ
˳극֮ذ߼ҡ
Ѿüûؼˣ˿Ǳ鶼Щ⡣
¶һϡ͵飬վкôˣⲻɽϴͦ
Ǹû뵽ǸȻѧŶæŽ𿻡
һǶ
һԶ¸Ц
Ȱ߰ʣʲôһµ¯𣿡
µĴҴȥҪǾúõĻҸҲţ˯Ƚ
ӦòţǸǽ
˫ֻһ뵽ȥˣŲִǶ˯رů͵Ĵ
һ»𿻣Ǳݹ˺ģ׷ױʾԸȥ
粻˳٣һɽι۰ߺңĻ𿻡
߳ص»𿻵λúʹС֮⣬ڿıʯͷƴ˻ơ
һһݣͱס
׵ʯͷɫƤɫĴ𿻱ȴҪÿöࡣ
žԵرů
ȥ¯ӣȿ¯֮󣬿ͻůˡ
⿻²¯ӣҲ㹻ˣִƽһĴûôƽ
ְڿϣʹ˻Ρ
˿ʯͷǽϼˮ壬ǵʱ˲ˮࡣ
˵ְţζƾˣˮҲˡ
ߴӳصؽϵıѵһߣȥһ¡
û˵˦ЬϿ
ܹ󣬰۾ˣϲ
īվڱϣְѹ
˵СһЩʯˡ
ǿЦһȥҲˡ
Ǹ԰ɣͦڿϣµʯͦů
ǼҵĿ˴ҹӸţڻ¡
ڱԵʱ򣬲̫ܸоůġ
쳤ǡ
īϧʯ壬ⴲҪľԶһӡ
ߺңϲȱƤ
ϾһٶŴõƤ
ЩǴӸģÿһŶִҪڿ̸ţ׼ȵ˲ѻ
Ƽϲ˯ӲһĴǸҪϲһľͶ̼ƤٵһŴ֤ů
һ˶ϲ𿻡
ʣҪôҲţ
Ҫˢǽ
沢ֱջֻͨȡů
߻ǵĸ»Ӱ֬ϼǽ塣
ѹǸ˵һ飬Ҫʯͷǽˢһˮ׻ҡ
һϸˡ
īⷨӿУˮʯҵҲ˲ʡ
һæõŷʲôң
ī֣סķӾģ㰢Ǹûϣܲʲô鶼㡣
߻Ҫ˵ַļϣЦ㰢˵öԣңùܣˢǽٽ𿻡
ĲΪЩʲô
Сʱûָϱӵļ䣬һֱڴɵ״̬λҲô󣬻ðװ|ۣȽĺ״̬á
λ׸Ѫ˿
ߴûкͼָ뷨
Űߵļ򣬡ô˵ˣǽȥˮʯҡ
æ֣ҲҪæ
īİߵıôãúϢһ£ǵġ
û뵽ٽʱȻ
˺ܿȥˮʯһ
ˮʯҵƼ磬˰˲æˮʯҵʹ÷ǳ
˵ɾ͸ɣܿͺˮʯ׼ˢǽ
ˮˢǽĹ̲ӣǼҵķҲǽˢˡ
ȴû֣ͣˢ˼ǽֹңˢǽ
ңͰҪʽΪ£һ˶ΪԺļЩʲô
Ĳ࣬ҲǼصף


132 
߼ҵķˢˮ, ˢʯңǽȺɽ֮䣬Ưˡ
ȷǼҷӵı仯, źַ֣ܿ˾ңķӱúͰ߼һ, ǽ, ǰݺ, ʰøɸɾ, һۿȥͺͱ˼ҵĲͬ
ҵķӶ̫ͬˣһۿȥ, Ҳ֪йϵ
ңͰܴ˵
˿ҵķ, ˸ŶģҪҷӵͬ
ǲҰߺң, ҰϢ
ǳϲԼҵķ, , Ϊܸܵе͵⣬ӵʲôŽкÿء
θ, 棿
а, ǿҼҷӺǸ̴ûҼ޵Ŀ
ϦС飬ͱһ, ʾӿ˵
СҲ׷׶֣Цشһ١
ҲЦһȺɵЦһ, Ц֮ӿȥĻ𿻡
޵Ļִƽ, Ƥʹ, ԵƯˡ
СǷ׷Сȥ, ů
Ľ
ҵķӲҲˣ潨𿻣ѾѧˣԽǽ
ˣҲѧˣôණ
ǵȻҿǿߴ˵ĸ磡
СǿӣЦƵһ٣һȺٴֳһš
Ĺ̲ӣΪ˽ڽСǵʱ򣬻߹ȥһۡ
Ȱȷû֮ǲŰѿϡ
ȷʵľůͶˣѾ䣬˯ڻϺ˯ľϵĸܽȻͬ
Ĳ˵˯ڻϵҸҪǿܶࡣ
ûʲôܣҺ֪ܿŪһֽл𿻵޾ߡ
޾߱ǵѻҪ
ʱ˺ڣʱûץʱ佫ӽ֪лҲûа취˯ڻϡ
ӶûУȥｨ𿻣
ڻ𿻵ů֮󣬱ʾһҪŬӽ
ǾӽͿʼռʡ
뽨𿻵ĲֹˣҲ׷׹ʾ뽨𿻡
ϣûʲôڵ뷨
ֻҪԸѧԸ̡
䶼зִ磬ÿѧϰ𿻵Ĳ䶼Ǵʡϡɡ֬ȵȣǷǳʵõʡ
ʶ٣Ǹ⡣û̫յĶˣý̵ĶҲһ˿ؽˡ
𿻵黨˰ߺңʱ䣬ĳһȥԼ﷢ǼֵĲ֪ʲôʱˡ
һɫĹӹڿ֦ϣһǷƵײ
ЩеңҸͷҪɫһ׵״
״Ҳ
󿪲״ɳаƴ״滹кɫѡ
û뵽֮Ȼӡ߸˵ذ״ңϱһָĶҡ
ѹһ˵Ū֡Щջȥɹɴ棿Ӧò·ˣŰɡ
ǽ겻ر𣿲·Դޱ
ޱ
žǰ״ŵУ߰һűӡ
Լҵũǽ껻Ĳ࣬Ҳʲô߲һôĲҲͽһӡ
ôһƬ죬֪Ūűӡ
ңƤѾůͣòӦҲУ
ûмޱû취ޱɡƤӿ϶һƤӵζô󣬸ŻӲܲ͸ޱͲһˡ
ǼҵƤӵȷȿݲݱҪöࡣ
ǼһůƤӵʱͦá
ⶼûޱĻϣһϱӵޱʵĸоԽĶ
ѾˣǺܻ콫ԼɲӼһΪ
ƤôҲǳģһҰ޵ζޱͲһˣɹ̫ޱɣһ޻еζ
߿ǲһĶ
߰ңޱá
ޱ֮⣬ǻЬ޿㣬ްҲܽ궬ܻƤ·Ƚʵлᣬһס
ޱޱҲҪǰޱѹһƤӣʱͻǳůˡ
Ѿ˻𿻣ѿůůϼҲ¡
ߺңժֻȥҡëɵβͣʱʱصóǲңߡ
һժһչů۾ˡ
ңԱʱʱӦһ䣬ϲ˵
࣬ʵϷǺܿɹۣժʮ𲼹
ЩıƤܼӲҪСɫǰٰ״ȥѣܷŵһɹɣٽһ
ЩҲãֲͿЩˡ
ǳȥһ죬û뵽ϻǾժô಼ÿ˶ǳԾ
ⲼడֻǣôƮƮģһûС
ж𣿡
ǲҪˣҰѷó
Լѯѹһ֣ʾ˵ЩһֽޱĶ
һӦҪӸʲôõı˺𣿼ﻹкЩƤҪĻȥðɡ
ߣ
̧ͷʲô
ǹеı飬תͷңûߣɿظ˵úߡӻҪǵģֻǲˣ˵û˺ãԼϵģʲôʲô
ʵҲãû˺Ʊӡ
Ҳˣֲ˵㣬ǴŪˣʲôСӣˣҪơ
ÿˣƤûк񵽿ԵԼĴֻᣬҪµıӡ
ҲҪ߰ɣ֯ɲôӣ
ãֻҪһ𡣡
߽Ͳףɴ˵ǸпյĻҰǿǾ֪ˡ
ֱӽİΪ
û˵ֶҲûʲôرķӦ
пգҪ׷õӰ޿ǣȡ
һͶܴĻһһϦɵ¡
ߺңҲ
ڵص㻹ȥռʣռʣѶȹ
ɻʱʰߣҪȥժեˣȥȥ
ϵ֬Ѿܷḻһûꡣ
ȻڣĻҲԳȥժԡ
һҪɵ飬ͷҲҪȥڲ丽ǵȥԶһĵط
Զһĵطһ㡣еϧظ̾û취ôԶĵطˡ
ޣҪɵĿĵ֮⣬øɻҪǷ̫ԶһһضҪķʱ䣬̫㣬һѡڲ丽
丽Ȼֻ࣬ժҪ֬ҲͲࡣ
ߵͷȥ̫Զȷ̫㣬ǽ겻ɣСȥ
ֻСεֿȣ԰͵ԶĵطǵĿĵֻ֮Ҫٷɶ̶̵һξС
䲻ԼɣǿСϢزѾҲۣԶ̳˵ǳѺá


133 
߼ҵֻСɢСһ, ںӵˣ
ÿҪСǳȥʱ򣬶÷ɵϣںӵһ, ҵֻһܳ
ȷ̫㣬ֻСһÿ춼ǳ֡
ǺֻСһĹϵϵǰϵ, ÷ǳ졣
ҪȥժվںӱߴںֻСһ
, ӿóСӣң, ȻҪȥժҸ˵ѾժòˣӦúҵ
ȥժ
ߣȥβôһʱûȥǱˣɽӦûͦ
ֽųЩֽŶװһСӣÿ̿ддճ¼, ռǡ
רŻ˵ĵͼĸʲô, ңһˡ
ңչһСд֣ϳеݣɽ, ɽӦûȥ, Ҵȥ
˳ﳤߡ
̶
߻û˵ֻ꣬СѾ, ֵذβι, ﻹ, ںתתȥˣ
߰ǵԴû棬ǵȥԶһĵط

ߺң
ֻСεúܿ죬Ҳܺãǻ˰ʱ䣬Ӱ嵽˳β塣
ɽĺӵȽխСû취Ρ
ߺңֻֻܰС࣬Լһξ롣
ľɪǴȥһƬɡ
ǻҺɫɡ
ľҶˣû֦꣬ѾҲǿҶ
ľܿȥˣȥʱ򣬴ػûôɪ
ɪҲȫǻ£Ϊľر𵥵շɹȥʱʲôرףһ۾ܿ
ౣ
࣡
˷ܵؿŵ½ӵ
ձ鲻ȥĴ󣬵Ķ࣬һҲΪ࣬ĸͷС
һۿȥѾüԡ
ܳβ˲֪ûժǱǡ
˷ܵظ¡
Ҫصʱ滬裬ڽӴʱ򣬸պжǹ
ǰٳһΣ˫צֱץŵ档
أվȣ
߶˶ëΡ
ֻһȹȹúæӱıóƤȹԼʵʵ
ѾȫܹŰεˣҪȻһ󺮷紵оʲô͸
ңأ죬ܿʹ·
ңվڵϣ˷һ£Űߵֶ˵ߡ
ɽߣڲľݻƣ¶˲ƺɫǵԿ·ɽϣûļô鷳
ʹɽĿ۾ϸ𣬺ܿ˲ʳζӦľ̦ÿ
ȥķ򣬾ľķ򡣡
֪ܲժҪժˣǻؼҿþûгˡ
ǼѾȱˣڻüζ֮󣬲ųۻ߷ǣǼҹǹﴢõǣͿԹǳԵꡣ
˵ڿȥ濳ϲо֪üأֻҪǳͿȥ濳
ϲоһǣǼǵĴֻ
ôܳԵʳԵ۵ζһֱȥ
²ʳߣ뵽Ҳ
ңģЦЦҪԣȻȥǻһҲС
ҿ˵ҵء
ɽ·ߡ
ɽɽǳḻǳҵľ֮⣬һЩҰļͷձ鶼ȽСժҲȽѡ
˵ԭ򣬶ЩСܣ滵ҲࡪˡˡùˡȾˡû˻Ұиָëǵָһ̽ȥժһۻָۣǳˡ
Ҫðһɲһͻ⹤̫ˣ̵ӡ
ңһоֺ˺ܶ࣬һ߲ժһ˵ֻ˵һЩûʲôݵճԻҲ÷ǳ֡
ժһһı˳ǰ档
Ѿһˡ
ߣ·ʱ򣬱΢΢ţñϵıϣѹûô
ƵƽȽϲңһ͸оԼҪȥˣæסԱߵĹľתͷң
һ˫۾ǻ˵ɻ
ң˫ָһ²һľȱ·ҲԳԡ
ʲô
߿棬һİĹľ
ҶӺܿҶѾݻƣҾһҶ
ҶӵһشָͷСĹӣػƣǸɿһ
ֹһͲôóԡ
߽Žɵ߹ȥժһӷ￴
ӻеһ
ߵ˵࣬Ҫûȥ˳԰ɣ
šһζ
߸оƫϹ࣬ԹĹϹζϹϡϡưϵȣ֭󶼺ܺóԡ
еĹ룬뿴һĹ죬û뵽һֹе졣
ĹǰɫǺɫ
Ҹоֹӡ
ŵӵţζʶ
߿ֿҲûֻܰѹӷŵһߡ
ľ˺ܿͰĹժˡ
߽Ĺ׵
ղĹӾڱײ׵ʱǹӲ֪ʲôʱѾ˺ںɫ
ٶе찡һӣ
ԽԽֻӲŻô죬ɫ
ϱӳԹһ߲ˡתͷңֻϱӳԵ߲˱öܾ࣬ҰƷ֣СһЩ
ҲпܣԻͦóԡ
Ƕժһ㣬ȥһ
ͦǲҰӣժĹУתͷ۲죬ڱĵطҵֹӡ
ɽвֹӣǵĿѰ£Ǻܿض顣
һֱɽСȥǻȥʱ򣬼Ѿ
Ȳ֪ǲӣһ±ͶԼ˵һˣǵһ£ȥϴ֡
ʲôǺ쳤ֹӰǰǳԹǲζ𣿡
ûм䡣
²ۣǸðˮֻһΣζȻã߿϶Ҫġǲǣ
ԣҪŵ⡣
ӵĻöһͲźóԡ
뵽ҵζоһӿǵһ£ܿͺˡ
ժʱ򣬿˹٣ôСĹӣҲòŸĵֻҪˮϴ飬Ϳ̳ˮȻ׼һ
ժһʰݵгɶŵԳ֬Ȼͷҧ⡣
ȳζ֮ٷӡ
˿һͣһŵ̷̵Ƥܿ췢塣
ڸԳ֮£֡
ûмˮֻһ󽴣ȻǷȡ
ڻûʱ򣬰߱ȲÿӼһ顣
һڣһϤζӿζεʱ
ӸǷ·
ߵͷЦЦ
ӡ
ǷҰˡ


134 ޽
ȻС, ζȴǳŨ㶼ϱӳԵӡ
Сӳ⣬ŨŨζ˺üζ
跹, ζüˡ
һ뷹, һʱԷһϡ
뷹, δȥ
ң, , ԣһΣš
˵СҲԼ
˼ǽͷӶĵЦ⡣
ȷʵԱˣԵеš
ͷʱ򲻾, ꣬͸оеˡ
ԷȽϿ, ǻûг꣬һûһµŶӣ˳˵
߲ڲ, ֪, ר˵
Ϣ, Լ䵽ֵܲ, δضȴһס
Ա, ˵һ, طḻ˷
ңϢûô, д֪
ҪἰĳЩ£ЩֲҪܵĻͻԱ߲˵
̸ַ߸ȤλҲܸȤʵ̫ˣ̸ˡ
һ˳극īȥϴ롣
Ż磬ģ˳Ѳͳ
ѾʮЩӴ󣬱ѹڿ滹Ÿӡ
ߴһҪ飬һӿ
ҹķͦһӿ̱ҹ紵ɢЩߴֲæžһ¹ϣһְֻ£뽫ߵ£
ңԱ߰æݵȥ׷紵˵
ͨææ˺һᣬŽе׷
Ĩһ¶ͷоԼĺˣЩҲ̫ˡҿǵóʱϽޱҪȻһСķˣ鷳ʹˡ
ûʲô£ޱ
ɴ棬£
ʵôޱСҲǹޱ֪ޱĽṹ
ҪޱŪɴһŵޱ棬һŸޱ棬ס
ңݣ˵õ죬ǾͿȰɴ仹ǰĵߡ
˵
Ȼ󣿡
̹ϵҲᣬûб֯ɴ
ǰĶӲͷƤҲûƷգô˾ǳɹ
ǵһֱ˵ᡣ
ңûоһʧ£ﷴ¶һЦ⣬һоһ£
д⡣ײһ£ȻЦҪɣɴûһĵ㣬ṹֱȽϡ裬ҪǲСĸɴɴҪһţƲá
оһ¡
˰óϣϸоһ
ǻ֯С͵ɴҪ֯׵Ĵɴ˾Щˡ
ӱһһ𿴣һһо
о˰ϣ˶ˣǻûоȻ
ߴŹǷûɴˣֱò³ɱһ㣬Ҳˡ
ңļ򣬡һΣҪòУٻعͷоɴ
ӦÿԣɴòǰסòȻ߰ϸϸ̶ڲ档
ߣҪǷһȦУͷȦȦоȦԼΣǳԳ
ûбİ취һͬһԡ
ҪȥµĲóֵīԣ̫ˣ˵
ңҲϢȥˡ
Ѿˣҹ䣬紵Ҫ˵Ƥһ㡣
߱εʱ򣬷֪ʲôʱȻϸܵޣЩسڳë棬ǳһ㱣ů|¡
Щëܰڸ߿ٷУҲûܲˡ
εʱ´źƤӣҲܸеּ
ͬһˣͬһֻκεĸоҲһΪء
˷ɵɽϣϴú˸Ȫֱȫݵů档
صңң˿
ֻҪ¯żúԴԴϵؿתůĸоӱӿߺýǷ
ңңϢܿ˯ˡ
һ|ҹΡ
ߵڶԼããһƬңǲѩˣ
ң̧ͷ⿴һۣûУ
£ǵıů棬߽һ֡ݡһ䡣ңҲ𴲡
Ǿ˯һ
ǻҪιСࡣ
ȥι
Ǹǿ϶ǽΪʲôȥԷ
Ҵٸ͡
ߴߴֺϣڱˡ
Ĳ𴲣ңȴʮƣŰһװߵĶͷð߼˯
˵ļ˾һᣬͲ
ѹ˵ó˯
ڴϣòУûѣߵø
ǻھ˹ˣ߹ƻǵ𴲡
˷ӣһأһԱ֤ǵ˽˵Ӱ˯
Ҹز˲䱻ӣůı˯˹ȥ
˯ѵʱѾͣٻƵ̫ɢ˺İһɴ
ߵ·ڻϣů
ﴩãߵǰ򿪷ţ˲䱻Ƶһ۾Ҳ˼֡
ңݽǴҩģһʱ䷢ˣ̧ͷϴһ£ˮŷ
áߴ߾Щ촽Ħһᣬһ£Ӽķ𣿡
ţǸû˵ʲôСҲιˡ
ֻСһﲻɣ
Ŀǰûо䣬ȥԷ˵ǷţȺټ극ǹȥ
߾һ񣬡ԭ㣬˵£һ£Һܿ
üʱ仹硣
һ㣬ҲȺţˡ
ޱ϶ңǵޱõĹұȽҡ
ֹҵ޽ôҰ޵Ľ
򵽵ĴҰޣ޽ȥˣڵִá
ýˢԭر£չ壬ȥ÷ԡ
緹Ͱʷʲ֮⣬һСҧӦصΪ׼ġ
緹ȥС࣬źΡ
ֻСε÷ɿ죬ɫɿˡ
߹ʵʵñӣΧ࣬ѥӶǷˮġ
׼ң棬ͷҰţ
ֻҪϴδҰţôǵ޽͹ˡ
ֻСһ·ϣ˴أּߡ
ԽԵɽԽͣݵҲԽࡣ
ݲƽߡ
Ҳ쿿ԴͷֻС಻ˡ˸С࣬Σչڲԭ֮
һǰһ󣬷֮ϣһжһ
ߺܿ췢ţӡһʾң
ǵøϿ׷


135 Ұ¹
ҰţµĽӡѾкü, ԵѾ̫Һûô꣬ǻܿ
˷ɵ˸߶, ҰţĽӡһ·ǰС
Ұţغܴ, һǵĽӡ, ǵĽӡһ·ɽǰ, Ϳˡ
ԭ˺ܾá
Ǽ·ҰţĽӡ׷, ·ϵǻһЩСַСˣڱı
γֻҪţСͶҲûʲôȤ
û뵽׷ô, ǻ׷Ұţ
صϡ
߶ϸ鿴鿴˰Ҳûзֽһ
ȻҲÿδԶԵĿеõ˾Ϣ, ﻹҲ, Щˡ
̧ͷһɫ
, ̫, Ҳû취жڵʲôʱ䣬ҹѾ, ָ䣬ǣ
磬ʱ, ҪȻ粻ô䡣
ϸ鿴ӡ, ң, ô죿ǲҪȻȥ
ҰţӦҲҿ˱ĽӡҪҪ
бôû
Ұ¹ǱҰ¹Ľӡ
һһϲҰ¹ϴθ˵ģֿͷر¹𣿡
ңͷ֡
ѽǴͶ¹Ҳû
˵Ұ¹ټҰ¹ȽϳڲԭϣһҪȥʨ˵ĵطܿҰ¹
Ұ¹ͰϱӼĲͬҰ¹ԱȽǿгӲĽǣͷҲ
һûƷһͷҰ¹Ⱥ˵ļҲȽϴ
رаգһ㲻ѡҰ¹
ҲͳԹһ¹⣬ζǳôùȥˣ¡
Ұ¹ζǾ޴ͣԽȤǿԣӡıߣ컹ûڣǿ׷ȥ
Ǳߡ߰ɣҪҹˡ
ûϵǴ·ôһܷĵطҰ˯һ|ҹҲ
²ظң档
ң֣ӴݣɾտԸҰ¹û⡣
ԼûеԵҲǵǸСˣԱɧšң֡
˴ӱóˮʳ򵥳һ㶫ƶһ׷ƻ
ֻˣֲ㣬ɫְ
ߺþûôѵ׷Թþɥһ޷˵˷ܡ
Ұ¹µĽӡʣһ·ֱ׷쳹׺͸֮ǰڷ¹Ⱥ
ǵۿ¹Ⱥŵ¹Ⱥζ
һֲִڵģҰģŨҵҰζеζͷϳζ
·һţ׾ٵжϳǰһȺҰޣ¾ûôİߣжϴ
жһۣĳøСǽǰɣʱʱȡơ
ҹƮŵĳУϢǰɹȥ
ܿ죬ǾͿݲݴеĻɫҰ¹ɫ
Ұ¹СͶǵսǳǿһҰ޶ǣǲûнɫ
ߺң׵طǡ
ߵͷ¿¹Ⱥģͦ˵Ҳһٶֻ
ЩҰ¹ߴף䳤ҰԣƯľ顣
һ·Բݣһ·ʨ˵Ųһ¹ѾʨС
ΪҹҲΪǲûзȺҰ¹Ե÷ǳУʱʱȣͷԵĲݡ
ӦûûǵϢʱ䣬ٹãǾͻվڵ˯
ʱԵѶҪСһЩ
ߺңһۣң׷׷
ң˿϶
һˣűĬ
ֻǶ˼ۣ˴˶Է˼
ң£¹ȺԵ¹˻ȥ
Ұ¹ûзΣգֱңɵǰֻҰ¹ŷһĺС
ҹﴫúԶ¹Ⱥܾƿɢӡ
ոջһҰ¹ת۾˷ˣֱÿյ
ңڶԸѡеֻҰ¹սǳǿȻ˫ҲҪսһֳܷʤ
ʱֵ߳
սһ㣬ֱӶҰ¹ֻǹųƺƴطɣһ߷һɧ¹Ⱥϵһ顣
һЩҰ¹ĿģܣһЩô߻Ų·Ұ¹ϳһѡ
Ұ¹ֻǽϳһţһĿҲҰ¹
Щ¹̫ˣûа취;ܡ
һɰȣҰ¹̫ˡ
߲طɣԤıؽҰ¹ϵȽխĵطһңͷֻ¹Ҳ˹
˺ܿ㶨˵ڶֻҰ¹
׷ֻ
ⳡѾһʱ䣬¹׷¹Ѿˡ
ǴֻٲҰ¹Ӱ
Ѿˡ
ңɱͷ¹ڿҰϣһƴɱСͶҹֳ˺ͷ¹ڡ
۵òУͣΣͷϺͺһֱˮһһ㣬Ҳûá
ңͷ޴¹һ
ôãϢҲе㲻ȣûʲôһˡ
ʨ˵ʨشԵɣֱɱҰ¹˲ûɣ޹ʴʨ˵ء
ܹԣңͰ߶͵͵ˡ
˵زԶǿԻͷ¹ϻ˵ĵطȻ˰æ
߿һϵǣôãѾѧ˸ǻȡϢ
ĿǰѾǰҹˣҰп϶ûˣʱҲв˰æ
޶һЩݻڵϣ˵Ϣһ£Ե㶫
ңӹеĻӣܷ磬ˡ
ڣո˶ôãڻšȸоʱ򣬻Ҳˡ
ؽ£һ۶ϼ֦ã泩죬þûдôˡ
ֺһЩԼҲˡ
ǣѵôãҲеˡ˵ڵһ˱ȣô
Ӧòࡣ
ŬŬһ㣬Һܿ͸ˡ
úܺá
Ǻܿ
һССأҲǴ
߰պŵϼȣͬʱѿó
ǽ˾˶Ѿǰ󱳣ǵȡһ˵
ʵ¹ζˢƵտƬɱƬڻϿ֭ܳ
ߺңһһڣֿһ߳ڵĿ⣬һߺȺˮ
ʳ£ȴ˴һִС
߽ʵʵسһ⣬оʲôⶼɢˣֱ˯
ң˯ɣҽ㡣
һ𡣡˸ǷˣϽ˯ɣ𴲣ؼҡ
߽֪ǿҰ÷ڣǵľ̶ȣ˯ҲԸ֪һз紵ݶ
ңǰһŵʱ򣬷ڶ붼ġ
ûʲôҰľ飬ΪҹŲ鿴ΧҪȻ°ҹΣգ˯Ҳ˯ġ
ңҲûͣÿζԸڡ
ңҪˡ
ÿλµʱܾңĵʱеҪ硣
˵ϸ


136 ޱ
İ˪ܺ, ˯ѵʱ򣬿ããһƬΪѩ
ãȻգգ۾, ˺һ, ŷĲѩ˪
ңѾˣֻʣһ˹ںƤ·档
תԴ, ʶң
ĿԶһתͷͿңһ, Ӵͷ¹
ͷ¹ѾŸѪ, ңڴ¹⣬ɫ¹иһ飬ڿݲϡ
ʱ, һ۵Ѫ¹γĶԱ, Ű밵ɫ, Ӿ
߿ʱסĿ⡣
䵱, ǽʵļţ
ЩˣһŻع, ңֻһ·Լϡ
ֲů
ٹ˲һµ, ȴԼƤۣң۶˶, ɾĻҳͲмȥң
ִңббȥ, ôϣԼ䣿
ڲˡ
֮ǰҲСæ
Ѿæò, ȰֽãװãȥǱߣͿԽ˹æˡ
ñװһ֣Һһ𱳡
˵ŵʱ򿴼һ̲¹Ѫʱ۵һ
ôѪҪѪԳһڡ
Ҫ㹻ͺˣ¹Ѫһռ
ϧˡ
ңߵĶתͷѪУѪ¹ֲ񡣡
Ҳһ£Ҷ֪Ҹ֣ʲôҪæĲ
Լֽ̫¹⣬վڱϿң
ңһС󣬿ʼи¹ϵ⡣
γҪĿǻȡ¹ңҲ¹֡
¹һֳֺķң˳һ
¹¹ⲻһһдһ㵭ƣǳ͡
ңһ¹س󣬵ݸߡ
߰㲻е˵ֺֻ࣬أʮ㡣
ң̧ͷ۲ɫʵ𣿡
Ҿÿԣ߽¹ڱ¶˵ϲ⣬иڶ
ңԶִڶͷ¹
ɫһ̫ǰ¹ʰãֱأңŷɵϺˡ
ܿæ
ǰŰ¹ⱳ߼ңлԷ롣
߰ϰ߷˴˰ͷ¹⣬Űͻȥ
ˡһɣһ붯
ңѱ¹ȡǲҪϴɾ
ԣˮϴɾȻɹɡ̧ͷɫ⼸Ӧòִ¹ܿɹˡ
ңȥ
߼ڻ𿻣տʱ򣬻Ὣˮŵա
·úѾϨˮá
ǰˮУ¹Ѫˮͻϴ
¹ϴɾ֮󣬳һְ׵ð͸ɫ˰ľϣú羡鴵
¹⣬ѡһַ±ϿһţҪ⡣
ңܽæʱ򣬰¹ҲϴЩͷҪô
ߴӳ̽ͷһǿȻһͷһְ֬ϡ
ȥǱæ
ǼҵĸͷúڽģرӲңִһͷȥʲôͷӦϡ
ڳæң桰ˡؿͷرɴ䡣
ôһܣţ¶Ц⡣
¹ر࣬æһ죬ϼ˻ʱǻæ
Ȼһؾ̲סʵߣǽŪʲôԶżζˣ
±¹⡣
ǲ˵ҪȥҰţ𣿡
ǵ룬ҲôŰ
ǾȻҲдһ죿
Բ±ˣ
ԳԳԣҽժ˺öҧ㿴һҧͷСһЩζرأҸոһ£ڶܸоζ
ǲɵ
ɵ
ֵһ̣Ǹ˵Ѽôµˡ
ûעҵѼû뵽£̫˻бĶԵûǰһ𣿡
ԵñǰࣿͷҲ֪ʱ䶼Ǹιġ
ǻ󣬻û±𣬰߸ϽʣǸѼôѾµ𣿡
ôµǰÿһ߸һһ춼һһϻ˵ЩѼѾˣôҲ᳤ҪǲôµĻɱһ괺µģ
ȱ𼱣Ҫȥ
ҲûŽͰǴꡣأǱôȥԣûҰţ
ûҵ򵽼ͷ¹
޻ܵ𣿡
϶ԣͿЧô
ֹ۵룬ʱûޱǾޱã಻ǻܸǵġ
ڶ죬ߺңȥǼҵѼӡ
зһȦ߱˵ط֣ǼҵѼڵȷôµ
ЩѼӲµһţ붯ˡ
ǿȷЩڴ
ңץһֻѼӣѼڲɱˡ
ͦͦɱǻ
ңǵëкܶСëë鷳
ߴչȥһۣǡʲôʱɱǵСë֮𣿡
ٵȵȿ
ǻûüɱѼӣǣĵӲ̫С
ﻹûüյ
䣬ɣѾ˪Ҷ˪Ѹٱÿݻơ
ǼԭոˮоˮջҲûʲô壬һֱƹˤ
һɿˣӻֻǰ뱥״̬
ǿĵӣ󲿷ֶȡ
ڷԽԽҲסˣǵþո
ߺͼһˮһݺڵĵժµ鿴ֵӻܳԡ
Ƶ죬ֻܸιţˣ
ιţҲã㲻˵Ǹ˰꣬øǳԵõĳ⣿
ô˵׻еϧ
ң֣Ӧò⡣
ֻˣɣָӡ
һĵȶǲȣ˻ȥҲôܳԡ
ǸɴֻѵιţʱһӽţȦιͲ⶯ְЩӸˡ
ЩѾ͸ҲѾˮɹһҲʡˣֱС
ţ󲿷ʱԿݣСʱȼӲ͡
ȻιѼӣҲ̫
æյӡ
æ˼죬¹ڲ֪ɹˡ
ڵʮָ¹ɵøľһֻּӲ졣
ң¹һ¡
¹ڿбá硱ңƫͷʰߣ˵ģҵ¹
ǣҲ̫ȷ˵ţɹ֮ҪˮȻóϸ˿ϸ˿ɹҡ
ԡ
߰¹ŵˮݣһһ|ҹ¹ˣģ˦ʮеԡ
û취Ӳ¹ɹһʲôſſ¹ˡ
߸оʤѾǰ
ң¹ϸ˿
¹ǳѴϸ˿Ҳжöࡣ
ݷ˵ķ˿һú˺װһ衣
߸оʮʧߣû뵽¹Ȼôࡣ
ѾֵزôϣҲֻӲͷƤˡ
ңŽЩϸ˿֯ɹҡ
Ƕз֯ľ飬һѡ
æ˼죬һЧĹҡ
ʲô˲ˣæȥԺ˸ӻʳƬû𿾹ɹȻѹұȥ
õŹôһ¡
ֻҪöһҾ죬ܼڸ񶯡
Ȼ𶯣ͺðˣһټȫ˺һ޻
Ūúܾˣǰ㹻ֳȷݺóһݣŵ׼õĲƥ棬Ȼһù浯
صϸ۲š
ֹãùҵԱɣ洢˸ĿůӦҲøá
úʯͷѹĥ÷
ԭɢüظĵѹĥ󣬽һƬ
߲鿴󣬸оˣһһ𣬽Ͳϸϸһ
һͬǳ鷳
ǰֳӣÿӶ߷
ι̶ãôɢһޱˡ
ֻҪϱףһſǵޱ
ˡһ룬ʵޱһ£С߻ڲøǣҶ֪϶Ǻöˡ
ޱôô󣬻Ųеĵζ
ûϣҲʲôо
ǿ϶˯ƶĸо
һۿӲôһޱʱ϶Ǹп
߱ɵޱ˼£ݸңôҲֵˡ
ңҲţҲ׼ϡ
̵ޱȸǣпյʱٸ
סļ򣬡õȣڶпաѾˣĲǣҲ͵һȽϸӣҪæĻޱҲò˼졣
ޱԱ߾֣ÿһѾѧˡ
̽ӻһӰѾȡѩ֮ǰѼҪõޱ


137 ѩ
ޱңͰ, Ȼȸǡ
߶ҵޱýڸ֮ǰصóȥ̯ɹ
Ѿɷǳů, ¸̯Ŀյϣ, ǻʱ򣬱ɹеǳζҲ˳
߱űӽǼҡ
Ϊⴲ±, صػ˴Ʒ
ȵƤӣϰƳɵĲƳɵĴϷһޱ
ϴȲعȥ
µĿѾ, ӿޱҲů
ðһޱŸմ̫ջĴ
ӵޱڴϿֵطһȦ, ࣬кң, ޱر
ԡң|, һȥ, ȱס˰ߡ
Ҳů, ңͷĶͷһ£ȷʵǳ
˵ޱ߽ޱ, ң, ۾, һ, ޱǲů
, ǳ
԰ɣ߿ֵ۾, ĴƷ˯ɴˡ
˯һ, ˯Ĳݵ, ˯Ҳܺá
Ҿܾ˯һҲҪޱ
˵仰ʱβüһССĵ⣬һơ
ңһۣͻȻ⣬ѡңѡޱ
㡭ôôСЦ㿪ȴңĻ
ң˫ֱסд𣿡
㣡ˣᶼЦˡ
Цһ鲻Խչһ
캮ضﴺڡ
ޱʮֺãһץʱޱ
ޱȽϷʱ䣬ޱû꣬ĳ磬εĿۡ
˰磬տʼƮһѩ
ᵽ˺ĿҲоҪѩֻû뵽ѩô硣
ѩʱ򣬼˶Ұ
ѩˡǵëϡͷϡƤϣλΣҶڶ£Ҳܿһɫ
ʵ̫䣬ҲɼʲôߺңСǰ
ֻСҲ䣬һصǼҸĺӵؽ˼Ǳˮȥˡ
ûзⶳˮҪůͣǲԸں϶ֻżһ
ߺңؼңһ⣬չ޿ʼ
ֺҪһڵοġ
īȻ
һαͨĶ䣬ŲҴʰߺң˵䣬ǽôûɣûУ
ûСߴӳ̽ͷѾˣǸȽݣȽů͡
ī¶ƴʾݣתͷգϢȥһҰ
һȥȥһֶСӣңڼҴţܡ
֪Ǹҵ
ѩԽԽһƮŵ
Щѩʮܿڵǳǳһ㣬Ųȥ֨֨졣
߾ǰˣͷüëˡѩͷ֮⣬ˮ˿Ͻ˪
ʵ̫ˣֱѩ¡¡
ѾҰѲ¶棬һ·ѲӹֺңſݲȥԺڵ
ӳܲסϺᱻ
Ҳ֪˵Ĳôˣߺů֣ͷûڻ
㶳Ҳʲô£Ͳ벻ỵ
ֹֻ۵ķˡܲӦòڶڻڶ
Ÿս£ػûжϣ߲˾һռ䡣
վ£ڲƮѩգʱȥѲջ
ջش󲿷֡
ڼȣȵڵʱ򣬰λ׻ˡ
ӭȥǿѩˣô
ˣһѩ·ִ󣬷һõֻұܷĵطȶѩ
շ࣬īɫҲÿ
ǻص͵ơ
ûɢȥ¶Ҫߵö࣬һڳţ㻺˹
͵ƵĵƹȹеһƳγεš
꣬ʢ
һ˳ŷͻĽ¡
ߵ֪ѩûͣڻû֮ͣǰƲܳȥԺͲɼˡ
īǣô䣬ѩͣˣҲһﶬߣɴԽԽ١
̧ͷЦһ£ǾͺúϢһ£æµһ꣬óġ
һȵȥҵֽŽů
Ѿ׺͸ˣ紵ӣӹխĵطХʲô޴ڴѲ
Ƭķ϶νʱʱһЩ
ԽԽˡ
ң룬԰һ˵ȥ￴
æסĸ䣿
ȥ壬ȥӥ塣ң˯ͰԸһٻ
ӻҿУ˼˯Ƚů͡
ңżúѿůһЩ
ң˵Ҫߣüͷšק󣬡ѾȫˣһǶôҪȻȥ
ѩ⣬ڿ·ң˶٣󲿷˼һûüӣ˯ЩΣա
ңΪһܳ羴ļ˾ܵٹⲢԴݣж
΢飬קңûţҧҺһȥ·ϣʲô£ҲûӦһ¡
һ˷ɵÿһЩ
Ҳɿһ㣬ĺȡǱȥϷôƤȡȸҪá
ѼƤ̫ˣҲò꣬ŵ˷֮ϣòϯš
Ƥ֮⣬ǷϻŸָʡ
Ǽ˾Ŵԣ˼ҡ
ңؿߡ
߻ӣĿʮּᶨ
ңûԣ󣬡ȥء
īҺһȥҲˣȽܱ
Ҷֱ̬ʾҲҪȥ
īأǸڼš
ֿǸðɡ
һ˿ʼʰҪȥĶ
ҪƤȥôżҪȴȡůþߡ
ڳ֮ǰصת֣˯ʱһ죬ȫʵ
Ǽտ¯棬տȡúճ
ڿ¹һȦ̴ִƮȥ
˵տӦòʲôΣգ߻ǷŲģӲü˽Ŵʵ
ļ米Ƿȥִ֪硣
ߵͷȥˣᾡ
ڵķȷʵܴҲɵúܲס
߸ң棬ķɣʡһ
ǽõʱƽʱȵʱ򣬲󲿷Ѿ˯ˣ塣
ڵڱܷĽ䣬߶µض硣
һǣڵ˱·һ֪ܵͨ£һӭǡ
˾ˣߴˡ
ңһͷæʵôҵƤѻʵ𣿡
ڵ˻ش𣺡Щ˼ҵƤǲǣһһ裬ѾŪˡ峤绹һȥɽסӦû⡣
ңʾ·ǹȥ


138 
˵ܿտ, ʵ̫
һֱӰѴҵѴ͸һЩ滹˻ѩ, û취˯
ڴҶȥɽ
ߺңȥʱ򣬺ܶ˶Ѿ˯ˡ
ǹҷ׷׵ѣһ, ˵
ң䲻, ɽסûʲôѴұʾڻУ̫䡣
ȽϷҴӴ쿪ʼ֪ŻȽ䣬Ҳ翪ʼ׼
ڿʼ, ҸоӱȽѰ֮, һ֮е̤ʵС
ºܿ˹˾, ߴˡ
ңͷ, , ôú𣿡
úˣѲů͵˶ᵽɽˡǻͳһ, ʳҲ湻, ʱûʲô⡣
ǴһЩƤ˺ͺӼӵƤůң, һҪעⱣů, 𶳲, һ, ҲҪʱҡ
á, Ҷ֪˾ˣ̫ġ
Ҳ˵¸ұţ⼸ҪǳȥѲӣǸ˵ҲСңסģҲҪСǷᱻѩѹ
һһӦ£֣ȴԵýǡ
ߵ˵꣬ٴעúȡů⡣
䣬ǧΪ䣬ú¯ڲͨĵط
ºΧ۵ˡǶʾ֪
˿ߺ󣬷ȥӥ塣
ӥҲǨƵɽȥˣǽķӱȽ϶࣬һСסԼҵķ
һСһ˽˿һ˶ûС
п˼ڹ÷ǳʣһ㶼ûоĺ䣬ů棬һڡ
û˼źƤڴϣôҲ˯ů߶µرʾѩ֮ͣǾȡϹ
֮ӥʱҲһаá
ص·ȥһø
Ѿ˷ӣ̺˿
ĸĸҲᵽӥһסǼҽúʡ
˫˵һỰصѰСһ㣬ô䣬ѩôСı·
īļһ£СӱϹģ˭·Ҳ·
ٺЦ˼һ£ллô컹صعңİɣõúܡ
ߺŰǽʵ̫䣬ұ鶼ˣǵûȥˡ
һɽӥ˵ǿȥɣúл𿻣ôƤӱùˣһҲ¡
Ѿҹȷʵ˵
ȷû֮󣬸ֱӷɻؼҡ
ߺңȥɽ˯ֻǽ̫˶û취ϴ裬ֻܲݲݲһ壬ϴȻȥ˯ˡ
ڶһ磬ң˶ٷҪȥѲ䣬
һȥؾܾˡ
滹´ѩ֪᲻תΪѩ̫Զң·Ϲ˲ϰߡ
ڴȻ˵ʵ̫СˣǼ˾Ҳұ֤ܽ˻ȫ
ʮȥֻԼҲ֪ôԶȥҲûʲôϺȣֻҧ
ߴҴææظһϣָԼʱ䣬ʱûͻȥ
ңһһӦˡ
ҡܿ죬緹ʷȥѲ䣬߻˼ҡ
Ŵѩһ˶ûţһȡů죬˳ʣµĳ֯
߹һǸǳ緹𣿡
ˣǻȥι󣬲õģǶúܺá
ԭţɴĻشסˣЦЦͺá
˵ǵطȽůͣѩû¶٣䲻зֱȽ䣬ѼǶкëӦҲ䲻
Ա˵ҪˣóԵǣô죬Ҳ治
ȿ˵˵ůˡӣһֱûůȷʵҲֻɱѼӣȻҲûݿιѼӡ
ǼڻʮֻѼӡ
ů͵ʱ򻹺ãѼԼȥʳֻҪṩһʳͿЩѼӡ
ھͲˣŴѩѩôˮֶˣѼû취ȥʳ
óλøѾöˣзӣп㹻úʳҲرʱ򻹶ˣû취ֻɽా
ЦЦ
ֻҲ˵ڷ߶óıӹǵ֣ᷢص
ֻǲ淢ʲô²ظһ棬Щصİ߼ˣֻԵøɡ
뵽ֻС࣬Сôˣû䵽ɣ
УǸȥιʱǻںתȦȦ鲻
ȥһ£˳ȥ˵￴ҪҪѲ˶ջ
Ҹһȥ
īסĻҺȥڼš
𱳿𣬱ú֣˭ȥУòԶ
հߺīһ
ѩµ죬ڻѩѾϥôˣȥһһƬãã
ǳŵʱ򣬷ģǰιεǶͱӶۡ
ߺ͸ײòúƤסͷǿ硣
ǴѥӶƤģʮֺأڲڻѩܸоĻѩƤѥǵĽš
߶߶µס죬˵ͲˣֱȥɣҪôεĹҲ̫ˡ
ҪǱΣðϵ·
̣㹻ˡ
ҪǷȥĻô󣬷ʮѣֱߵġ
īûֻŶӵֱۣҺ档
㲻øҵ磬ڲ䡣
²ҲᱻΣһһ㡣
ֲףֻߵ׺ȥ
ȥɽ¿ֻСࡣ
ֻСȷʵӦòһᣬųˮȥ
߷ģ͸תս˵ء
ǵ˲˵أֲ˵Ѿȫѩˣֲǲ˵أҰء
óͷĻѩڿ¶Ĳˡ
ǼҵĲѾȫˣһӲøһ˶Ҳû취ٳˡ
תͷԸ˵ǵðЩ˶ջȥ
ǾڻȥڻȥŵԺš
ҾÿԣҲԳʱһˡ
˵ʱ򣬿ڱһɰ
ͷüëȫѩȾˣף׵ͷüëҲˡ
һ߸ɻһЦ
ûбϣȽʱҲȽϺڣ󣬻нߣղ˵ʱ򲢲ѡ
ֵֻĲ˱Ƚ϶࣬һ˱꣬öˡ
߶ŶţͳȺ
ʵһǳΣյ£ΪǵƤ²͸ˮţܿѸٴǵ¡
īŰֻܵˣȻȥұΣȻѲ˷ŵұϣԼҲһȥ
īȰ߾ܾһԱĵطۣѸٱΡ
߿ѾˣҲ
ѸٰѲ˶ѵױϣֽŲõױϡ
īֵ׳ˣǳ󣬱ϲ˺ͶӲڻ¡
˿ٻؼҡ
һأ˰ѲԺһӣʲô˲ϣϽطȡů
̫ůˣıѩȣֱá
߱ůúݺݴ˸Ҹ۾
ӣҿӦȥһúշĿǰúӦò̫
Ȳ裬ȲڣúϢһ¡


139 
˯, ۾ĹɫĴ͸Ͷڵ, 谵ķ䣬һɫʡ
ַԴԼ֣ǿ߷
ңѾȥ졣
˿, ѻů, ȴһֹ¼ŵĸо
ңڣ˵˶ûС
ط˸˳Ŵˣɴ۾˯һ
û˯, ű졣
˭ѽ
ҡīͳ, ôûȥ緹
ùԱϹŵƤ, 򵥹ȥ, ûʲô, ˯ñȽ
δ䣬һι, ֱӹɤۡ
Ǻһ, ݺݴ˸¡
īæǰһ뷿, ˳ְŸ, ȥ·, 緹˯
, 緹ڹ, ȻԼԡ
סĵطңļңΪ˰ȫһ϶
ˣﻹǺů߽ͣϵƤڴϣûʲô°ɣ
ʲô£õúܡīϿϱӣ²ȥȥĻȻȥˡ
£һ
߸оһ˴ɽ̫ˣݶ˵ûУ֡ǧɽɾ𡱵塣
Ѹٴ·ȥ¯ŵˮϴˢĨͺʹ࣬Լá
ûɽϳ緹緹͸׻˼ҡ
ͰѾˣΧڻ¯ϸɻ졣
֯ӡ
֯ӵļǰ̣Լ
߻صѧһ£ڷ֯һûʲô츳֯˺ܾã֯ĶŤŤݺݳЦһ
Լ֯ĳƷʵ̫󣬸ɴˣʡ˷ëߡ
һǸ֯ģһң֯ģ֮Լ֡
ůٴƤѥоҪࡣ
߽´緹ڻ¯ϣǸǲ֯𣿡
ľ֯֯ˣѧһѧ
ľµ游ǰˣߺλ˵Ĺϵܲ
Цǻðɣ
У¯ӣҴһ˵˵ЦЦӹͦʡ
߷¯ϵ緹ûһȺˣ緹ľȻǷš
Щ졣
ı飬ͦͦţ緹ģɺɳ㳢Ŀζ
߳Ĵָ϶ϣ緹Ŷ㡣
¯ŵˮϴɾ֣óԡ
ⷹǽƣ׷һر㡣
տڳ׷о㹻óԣɣɳܲɣζһ
һţӣߡ
Ѿۺˡȥӣҷȫݻˡ
ɣһ̹ԱߵƤ¹ϣҴµأҳȥ
ѩʵ̫ˣڵϣһһӣȫݵѩߵʮּѡ
ҡҡڰߵԺӹȻݻ˴룬ѩ滹ƮŲҶӦǽҶ
Ҷ˵ͷݶˣ̶̼û֦Ѿͺ˴룬Եޱɪ
һ
ϵ궬Ӧò̫ùֻû뵽ôͿݻҶ
ҶӶˣԺĻӶҪ
վӵһҳͷʹ󱳿
ŴҪȥĶ
ֵ
ӻֵ
ůͶˣӦܰǹǸҲ˵ˣҳȥ˰
īţ׷棬Һһȥ
ŷѩȥݺӡ
óͷѩڿڵµӡ
ҲûӲȽס
ֻЩӵӲͣббسԶֱǽ¡
óͷû취ڶЩֶ߱ˣû취ֻܻ˲񵶹ϡ
ӵʱ򣬵ǷһЩ
ЩֻðһС⣬ȫۻƣͷͦࡣ
ôඬʵһͦ𾪵¡
ֲ鿴һȦ˰λ
߰ȥʱ򣬴ЩĿ¶һЩϧôǼ
ЦЦӶҪˣôܻó
˵أ
ˣ涳˿ϧǳԵ
߽ڻӣֳÿһ
ЩѾݻҶˣɴ֦޵ֻԡ
Ӻ֦ҲУڷװηǳ
û뵽ӻЧ࿴Ӻüۣ֪ôÿǰ͸һЩӻ֡
Ҳϣ˴ָ֣ڿů֪ͣңʲôʱ
Ӧòˣ棬Ҳ㡣
صͷоˣɴӣһڿϣһûһ˵
Ƚϻ谵͵Ҳ޼£Ǵߡ
ţ˯ˡ
ֻǾ˯ڿ£Դצϣβͽ壬СͰߵĺ˷Ե¾á
ңڼҵʵ̫ģûɽϣڼһס
ô죬ʵҲţֻǳŵʱȽ϶̡
ǴƤȽϺ񣬳ȥֻҪ͸û̫Ĺϵ
죬ڴϻ˯Ȼһ
ƽʱƤ̧ȴоͷһʶ̧ۿȥֻңߴӰ
ңԸմϸһ㱡İѩ
ݺ󣬱ѩڻ³һˮ
Ĵϵıѩ
ߡ໡һɿƿӣɱ´ЬңϴڣڻˣҪٲҶųȥˡ
˵Ļּֿң֮⣬˭û˵ʲô
ңϵƤƿ¶ۣſ˫۰ӵ뻳סȥô죬Ҳý
ң۾ͷϣһ£ͺáô㽫ǰٺûУ
ٺˡԭǰ׼붬Ҳû̫⡣
Ǿ̫ˣЪһЪҸˮ
Ȱ·ϣ
ֱĻشϣץƤӹϣúõشЬࡣ
ȥôװһˮ̲裬̲滹̹
̹֮ǰźǸڵĹӣǱȽϼӲܱʱҲһֱ䣬붬߲ŷ̲ʮ䡣
̹һ𣬺ǽζ
߽ˮ̲˽ȥ׼˲ٶרŵԡ
ڻ񣿡
ǰҲ֣ڵˣ϶СüЦȫˣûгԣרŵٳ
λҪȥң̲档
ǿӰ룬ֲ֣϶Ц⡣
һžǷǳֵø˵飬ؽУҪζУ
һߴһ߰Ȱȵظң˵顣
ȻûôţʱİԻͦ࣬øң


140 
ڻҽĶеù, ǵȫƽˡ
ߺңỴ̂ȥ, ܿõһСɵ⡣
ðŵһеζƮ˳Ʈݶǡ
ʿˮüûԹ߲ˣζ̫ˣмһһ
ңаõŵתͷ, ׼Ĳϣ
ģվһ, ֵȥˡ
Ǽиָ, ţ¹ÿһֶʮ㡣
ֱȥ
ǼιѱҰ˹Ĺ, ƽʱҰˡȿˮ֮࣬ȴֲʧ㡣
⣬죬֬, һǳ, ֱӳԶܳԵֱ, ζ㡣
վ£ѡ, ѡһ䣬С˵Ϻ⡣
ջ, ˮϴɾ, ٸĵ
ľӲ, ĵʱϳ̵ľеʮּѡ
ңһӽţվӹеĵ
վԱ߿õӲƬɾȵıƬɫͻںһʢĻ
ЩÿһƬ䣬ǰǡð͸ǿӣ߱ãҪûúֱ˷⡣
߿һᣬȥ澾ŵһ鰸壬ˡ
˼粢磬ֵµİ죬һݷں￪Ļ
߷²˵Һˡ
ңͬʱ£Ҳˡ
ӶЦңջ׼ˡ
ң˳£˻
߾ӣ׼ˡ
߿ϴɾյð̵Ĺһ˱⡣
¹Գ֬ٷںɫҧ࣬ٷĶƬֱÿһƬ񶼹֬ζٷŴҶ
죬ǵĴֻһ죬ŹĲ죬ŨζڳƲȥ
ʿˮ㰡
ԱߵĹɵĴ׷ðζԽ˼ꤡ
ңվ̽ӴԱߵĿͲһ˫ӣһ£ֱӴӹһݵߣ̵
̣ߵǿ⣬㣡ǵȻóԣҲ
ҳ͵ˡңѿӵݸߣӹеĹʢ
߳ûּ飬ǰǿңǿԼ۾ܡ
ֻŵζӷܳ˦βͣñڳ⹰ţһֱӡ
ǻצӰľţֱľŰá졣
ңͶʢںװһ衣
͵Բ˵ļ϶תͷͷǺȻܳԡ
໣ֻǼתȦȦǿڳˣ
߷¿ӣ׼ˣȥаǹ׼Էˣ
໣
ֻü׸ֻǣǽӵˣŴߴ٣ȥаǳԷ
ֻۺͷͣԹȥˡ
䣬ǼʱڳԷʱڷԷ
ķ̴ڳԱȽϺãȻѬӡ
߿ٳʣµˣ˵ϡ
ңһѲţæꡣ
ƿ߽ī档
ֻ˦βʹǽ¼ΧŰתӵ
Щֻǰ̲סЦȥǵķھ͸װ
ֻûף򿪳ţָǵķ裬ȥǸ
ָ˺һᣬʵû취ֻһ﹵ֻͨôȥ衣
ֻΪҪŷˣֻǰűֻűģΧڰʹQ
ǵķ裬
Ϸķ衰ॡһڵϣѩȷӦŷ˦βȥϷæϡ
ֻǵԴϸһ£Ÿʢ
ǼҸֻιʳһֱӣԵΪϸ࣬ÿιʱὫʳȡ
Ҳһ
ֻرǼҵʳĿǰǼӦʮá
ǲӦʮãֺ䶬죬Ǻʵѩëըǵĸͷ˲١
޺ı飬ԼͷɵЦǿֱݵޡ
ⶼһһιģΪҪ֮һ߷ǳгɾ͸С
ҲˣֻǵȷŷϵԼķȥ̳
̻ʵӣһ֪ǶԽķر⡣
Ҳͦ⡣
߸ֻС˷ָֻС
ֻСķҪһЩҲû١
ǼҵС˸ǳͬķ֮⣬һ㣬ÿֻСҪȻ⿿ķˣʵڲǳԡ
СʳҪȫԷˣ˵Ҳ̫ˡ
ķ˶ֻС˵Ҫʳʳ
Ѿں꣬кߣԷˡ
ϴ־
ˮϴɾַɿܵǰ¡
ǰʢķʢرѹʵˣð
׷ϻðԭľɫĿӾͷԱߡ
Ȱһһӣԣ
һ˶û˵ͳһӣм趬⡣
Ǽҵ̫ˣһ˿һӣһûԹ
컹ǵһΡ
ڵһԲڵչܣССһƬԵЩ
һ֬ͽ֭һڣִʡ
ζκһʶͬһֲġʣʵ÷ǳ
죬ĲһٸɵƬ񣬵ȳԹˣż⡣
˶ζɿڣôͣŰ׷ԣֱ䡣
ٸһ뷹İӣҽԳ뷹
ϸϣҿԳ룡
۾һɣˣŵ㣬ֻ룬ûУûǵݮԡ
ȥߺңǵݮڳ档
ǳƽʱıǵݮʳ֮⣬ʳÿγԳ˶ժһԣθִ
ǰæռ˾ʳ鲻ȥժݮ
ѩһ£ݮѩˣûеݮǶ֪˵ժ
ͦźѩˣǳȥûбǵݮܾö˵ʲô
ң⣬ȪǱӦУɽȥһҡ
׼
һ˳극īʰ꣬ߺңŷȥιСࡣ
ֱգŸռ棬Ҫʱ䡣
ص·ȥ·˵˺һ
ֻСǵںӱߵˡ
ʱûϣӱȽϴҲȽϿ죬ȽѶϡ
䣬ֻСˮҲ˵ˣˮץ㣬ù
ڣֻСҪ߼Ͷι
ιС࣬һֻСһվΧ
ؽ԰ף¶棬ҲһƬںɫŸˮīһľɫ浥
ңȥȪȪǱ߱ȽůӦûһЩ
һԴŶȪôֵȪǱȥˣȻȥʱ򣬶ڼӹȥǶ漸֣ö춼ˡ
һֲ£кͷȣôͺ֣ǶȪǱһݡ
˵žҪܣң֣ҳȥô죬ͼֲ
ȻҪ⼸㣬ôᵽڲҵߴȥңһ£۾Ȱ꣬ظ¡
ھʲô£˶һۣңЦ¶Ƶɫ
һæ˺ü죬¡ˣݮҲժˡ
ǽݮϴɾϱǿǣٲ嵽صĲݰϡ
Ϻĵݮڱǿ֮УѩرӦ
ÿ·ԺӣҪǲԷʱ䣬Ҫ˳ͼһ档
⼸ÿ춼ѩǰµѩҲһֱû棬˱ǣʮֹ⻬棬һСĻỬԶȻʵʵˤƨա
ƽãȴҲԸÿ춼Žвˤս
οѩأִҲûʲôĵطǴڼ
û£ɴڼ͸һƣһ棬˵ķˮȶ˵ܳȥ߶µ򣬷ǳ档
һ㶼ˣİˣˮֲúȣұˣܵҺȵİɣ
ؿңϣʲôģ
ƣ
۾һУţĿݾˣ
˲飬Ӧ˰ɣ춼ŵζˡ
һƴ߽꣬Ʒϣȴȥ
ңҺһȥ
ɤӺƿһ£ûͦá
ݾƵζȿݺöˣһֵĿζ̼ͦ
˭Ҫǲϲζһϣڸǵǹζ
ʱͺһ׿ݾƣʱǻϰݺ
ߡŵšܽһһ¾ͷֱϵѾˣٴŵԿҺҨһ㣬ױϻиӡӡ
ߴ̽ͷ𣺡͵ƺȣ
Ҿͳ˸ζ
ƭ㣡Ҷˣ
زӲ˵ˡ
ȥ˸ɾӺҨ룬һݸңһԼȡ
һݾƵľζһҪһЩζҲԱȽŨأڸи񣬷ζ㡣
һ˿ޡ
ѾһֺϸľˣϱӺȵЩƣһ㶼ѷɫ˵ƽƽ˵һзζ
Լ̺´Լľ룬е࣬Ūĺȣ᲻úȡ
ң˹е룬ȥǡ
ǣźȡ
һཹེеľƣҺ̵ſݺݴ˸顣
򵥳ϴ룬Ҩһ׵ľƣ־رƷ
ſ¯ȼŵķú
߰ˮĺ𣬼ˮֱӷŵ¯Ͽ
æܳź㡣
ߺ˰ƣоȣ̹˸ˣǼһǽȥٴѼɵƣζ㡣
ҾÿտںȾͦúȵġ
ɵҲúȣӵͬʱϧǶôϲԽҪϲԽɽҲ
ƾˣұȽȽײ̡
ǵõ괺ˣڵ̣
ʵ̫䣬ǼҵѾô̡
̱Ƚ٣ȥ
Ǽòڿ죬̾͸ˣڻѾû̡
߹ƣõ괺ץµĸ򣬻ļĸСᣬǲµ̺ȡ
¯յúĹһͿˣŨŨľˮƮɢҪϸϸţŵһʳе
ϲǹ顣
ԭеζǺܵȫҵһ»ӭ
ǼҴ絽ﶼŵˡ
ƺܺúȣôúȣ߼Ҳֻˣ¼ϴǺС࣬һҲĲ˶٣Ͼԡ
ҨƵʱžƸףԭء
ңһ£ô
׾ġ߿ŵµĴƸףоһ׾ƳѾ㹻ˣʣµһ׾ƣǿġ
磿
վƣ̧ͷЦһСϴǾѾ˵Ҫվˣû㹻ԭϣһοԣһ׾С
Ǽһʣһݣúһξơ
ľζȽϵʺϿտڳԻơ
ƣûʲô
ǰǾޱ¶ҳߵԭһᴿ
ö£ֱӰ߼¯ϾС
һ쵽տճ¶㹻ˡ
߲żҲżƷվƣôþҺΡ
һʱ䣬Ʈһɵľ㣬ʮˡ
¯ϵĻ𲻴ǲؿһߺȵһߴơ
ȾƱȺˮˣֻƵĵùһźţùӶ߶ܳȥǽһʹš
ÿʱֻǱ˦βͣǺܳȥ±ϻҲᷢ
߶Ƶ·ϤѧײһֱòࡣңмķˮУҪīͰ
˵·Ƚçúܲңƫ˺ʤĻǿԽԽ£Ӳ䡣
ΪЩƺƾ֣߼һ춼ŻЦ
߾ãͼһܳԱůܽеС֣ѩأҲǸ㹻õʱڡ


141 ɱѼ
̫, ˳ȥɻ
ӲιĻλ˹һͺңȥιţѼ
зѩˮҲ, ѼӸûеطԱܷѩ, Ҳûطʳ߱ǶŲȥˡ
ȥιţʱ, Ѽһι, ˡ
˱Ŵıȥ
ر, ·󣬰һ, Ҳ̫, ֪ʲôʱŻů
ٹһ¿ңٴ·, ְϺƤۣ, Ƥ࣬߰, ιȥ
ﴢһָɲݺʳ, ڵóǴĹȿȡ
ű, ñϵٽһЩסͷ
˿ٽ׼, һȥι
еһ, һȡů
ǵ۾, ߺңιʳ, Ҳ̧ۡ
Щ, ô, ֪᲻ᶳ
ѼѾˡң۾Ѽ, ҿкüֻѼ顣
ɣߴʧɫҲ˲ȡůæǰȥѼӵ
谵ѼУһȺѼӹȻһ𣬰۾ضţ档
ߵǰˣŲŲһǳ
һֻѼӡ
Ѽӡ¡һرţȫû
߿ѼӵıĻɫͣǿ״ˮǱ顣
ĸðˡ
ͷƤ飬һ鿴˺üֻѼӣֶ
һѼӣٵͷȻˡ
˵ЩѼӲӦúܿǱصƷְ죬ôţûðǷȸðˣ
ҩ찾ҩˮιǣ᲻һ㡣
ҿǱ䵽ðֲǲðҩˮҲ޼¡߶ǰѼӿ˺һҪˣЩѼӶɱɣ
ڣ
ԡЩѼûʲôٳˣֲµŻԽԽݣ׷ݣɱ˰ɡ
Խ˵ԽᶨɱʡûҪιһ졣
ҲУֻѼصȥɱˡ
ɣô죬ֻһġ
ֻѼĸһǸͷͨѼһȦǿ׳Ѽ
ȴʱѼָµٰѼܷüСѼҲûѼӳԡ
þ󣬰һ
˵ɾ͸ɣһĹӹ
ôѼӣû취ȥֻùϻȥ
ѩӲˡ
Ϊûʲô˼ػǰããһƬʲôӡԵرɾ
һǳһŵظѼߣţԴϿʼð˰ǸԵơ
Լ͹ңͷϵľ󣬻̲סЦ
ЦŰѸ¸½еѼӸϻȥûɽϣ˾ͷ˸ϻѼӣæǻϡ
ʣôѼӶϻˣǲǱ̫䣿ѼӸϻȡů
ôѼӣеطȡůŶߵҪǵӣǸϻǰ׵
죿
ǰղײգã׵һѼһֱӶʱԡǸòˣûˮůһůš
Ͽ䣬ůһůҰˮ
߹˲Ϻ͸׿æң
ůһȥȴ˸飬Ȼ
ţʵ̫ˡ
ߴ˴գñӡ¡ѥӵҵԱߣֽŲõϣԱߵλãʾңҲ
ңʮûĴ죬ȥͺá
ߺһԼĺӣתͷܾԺз磬ȻÿƤſڣһ
Ҳûãһ졣Ҫ䣬ҳȥѿһ㡣
һһӦþͺˡ
ڷ˵ŻѼӸ¸½ܾˡ
æߣӴ⿴ѼӸϵһֻҲڰæ
Ѽǵ£ָ˵ַѼëء
ʣǸھͿʼɱѼ𣿡
תͷջشǣɱȻǻᵽȥôˣ
ǹæ
òţɱѼ¡ůһ£ȻһѼë
ڲȱʳʱҲὫÿһֶõ£ȱʳǲ˷ѡ
ҪȰѼɱųѪεˮѪȻѼëǻҪͳͨͨϴɾ
߹ޱſڴǰֽǸǳԲôѼѪȻָһЩɣ
аȻ㰢һˡ
һҲ꣬ҪȻǹһѼëʱðѼѪǣ˳ٷֻּѼӡ
ǼʮֻѼӣȥѼʮֻ
ЩѼӣÿһֻһǳɹۡ
⿿Ǽ˵ĻεҲû취ѼëȫθɾѼϻкëѼëǰࡣ
һ뵽ҪŰһѼë;ķǰѼëʱһˮҲͷƤ顣
εؿ򴨣Ǹô
īԱ߲廰ȻҰѼѪȥʱ򣬿һ
ߣ
īҪǴƽʱţҲûʲô£ǹҪǴҶôţﻹҪæǾˣǶѼ鷳ҡ
룬ҲУҪǴпչæȻݵ׷ۣһԸѼôҰװæ
ǼҵʳȲʢˣŸָʳǻϾкü֡
ԽԽÿУôԸڵĻȽ̹
ðǸʯҳǰѹϡ
ѼӸ¸½ţңů֮ȳȥæ
ڿһᣬҲסƿӣ·ܳȥһ֡
Ǽÿ˶Ǿϵ֣°ߣڵҲǰǿˣȥԿе⣬ɱֻѼȫڻ¡
ȼѼӣ䣬ɷѪĲ衣
ôѼӣ֮æڻû꣬ΪȴѼӷѪҪһʱ䣬ǵ⡣
ǼҵѼӴ󣬷ųѪҲࡣ
ɫѼѪװľ衣
ʵ̫ˣǻڱϵҪѪһųܿͶɱ飬ȶˡ
䣬ѼѪ˵һ¡
ӲˣһӣɵذѼѪ˳ȥ
ɱѼ֮īңѼѪȥ塣
ˣٶȱȽϿ죬ɰѼѪȥ
߽ϲûɹȫţ
ֻɹ̫ˮѼӰһë
ЩѼһɱþ͵ÿˮһ飬ҪȻȶӲ֮󣬾Ͳôˡ
ǰѼӷŵľͰѿˮһһ߲ϻµĿˮ̫䣬Ѽִ󣬿ˮһͲã죬ֻѼӡ
ΪҪˮǲòһˣרŹȥˮ
Ըȡ¡
ô죬ûʲôڻԱ߸ˣȫŲѡ
ǼҵѼúܸɾˣˮһ̣ǼһƮѼζ
ڻԱߣͣش磬ѼӵζҲ̫Ǻˡ
ʲôǺʮָ˵˵ѼҪǲǺǺ


142 
붬, ߼ֵһ졣
ǼⶼˣСڴľǰ棬æѼë˰æë, аæ, ġɫӳá
ͷã߼Ҷ˺ü̿, ɽͷů
ֻȺȥʱʱ˵ȡӡʳ
һ߻ﱻǲܻǶ, ÿʱ, Ǿͻ, ס
ǻӶôҹЦ
ʮֻѼӣһ˷߸ľ衣
ΧڴľԱ, ѼӰë
ҸŻ, ע䵽еѼϣ
ѼǰҹѼӣҪѼСһȦ
ǿ϶ߴ˳֣Ѽӣһ𣿡
ҵѼƽʱʲô
̧ͷ, ʲô, ССϺС, ˮҰʣ, ųʲô
ǻͦ
Цǰ, ûΪǷҲ
ôʣ㿴ңҿ㣬϶ЦЦ¶ֲ˼
ҲЦҪ꿪ˣǼҷѼһ㣬ҸͼֻöһҲС
Ƿ׷׽ӻ
ãҪѼˣԶ̵
ǲǻܷŵȥҿЩѼˣӦò˰ɣ
ʱǳŲɼԶһѼӳԵҰ˻
˰ѼëѼӵֳչ˳룬һһ䣬˵ʮֿġ
һģϵĶҲ죬ûãѼëˣֻһЩСëҪһ
߼ҵѼӸͷʮִëҲ࣬ССëһ𣬿ǳƯ
ǶǼҵëͦȤҪһЩ·
Ƿǳװεһ壬ϲøָĲװ·ֱƷ
һӦˣǾãҪö٣ֻҪë¾С
Ҫëʲô𣿡
ſܲ·
ëܰɣ
˷׷װѼϹ۲졣
ЩѼϸ壬мҲһССĹ
Ĳϴߣ²ôá
µҪȱ·ڻвƥƤȸ
֣߰һһţǲȱǸ볢һ£ܲѼ·
ߵʮֳ֣ô䣬Ҳţ絷ĵ㶫
Է׷ױʾ⡣
ҪѼޣҰѼëʱصذѼŵһߣȸռ
ЩëʮϸСӯյʱҪصøӸסҪȻͻᵽɡ
Ѽ޴ﵽһģ󣬰
ЩѼӱϱӼѼӴˣĶ컹󣬲ѼҲʮִ䣬һƬƬƮڿеˮĸ
ţоζҲС޷Ӧܳɹ
æ˰죬ڰʱеѼӶˡ
ʮֻѼӣľϣϳһţʮ𺳡
ڵ̫䣬ˮɱ棬Ҳû¡
кȳٹѼӡ
ЦŽǼҵľϴɾݽţٹԷ
߽¼ȣְʳİᵽߣ¡
ʯµĻȼţܿͽտˣҵնѬʪˡͬʱŨζϿţ˲涼ˡ
ЦȥҨȣʳĻûŽȥȺһȵůůӡ
ȥպϳôԼպϣ˳ѹ߷ŵ⵹ȥʼ
ǼҴܳ㣬ţƬԻá
ȷһֻնõѼӽУְѱȥⲻֶ̫Ƭȥ
ָڻзţܿɫ
ˡ
ֺǺǵкң춯ӣ
㣡Ҳ⣬ζûҵĺá
ǾͶԵ㣬պʲôԼ
Űߵкʮ˫ͳһԡ
õⱾζŨպһֱ̣֭ﱬϵһͣ졣
һһ꣬ԡ
ԵòˣٷѼѪѼѼࡣ
߼ҵѼ˽һ꣬ƽʱιúӣѼƷҲܺã඼
Щ಻þ󣬷ŵպһպϣԭ֭ԭζѾ㹻óԡ
Щܵ˴ҵĴӭ
Ѽӵ󣬰߼ֶ˳źƬͷƬƬʷʲݡ²ˡ׷۵߲˺ʳŵ죬ٸҷ֡
ˣÿ˷һŵϺ͹Ĺϣֳ꣬ԵöӹҲðȺǿꡣ
һվɽͷߣĿǱѼѪѼѼ뿪
ۡһƨ|ľϣҲ붯ˡ
ǾͲʯ¼񣬵ʯеˮֵˮȥ˳׻ҽȥ
ˮܰʯϴɾ
زŪ²ִս¯ſڿ𣬡ҲУɱѼǳԻҵȥϴͷ
ңԱ߹Դһѣұȥ
ãϢһᣬʳ
ԱʣЩѼҪô죿ҪǱȪǱȥϴ
ҶѼˡһԴɹɣһȥζȪǱ߾ˣȪŪˡ
Ұǵ
ȷŵŪɣˡҪҪȥȪ
ҪȥҲͬһȪǵġ
ûͼЪЪ󣬱ңһȪȥˡ
ȪڼϴˣҪϴͷʱ򣬽ͷϴɾһȪһߵͷɣһ㶼䡣
ǰѼѼɱ󲿷ֺιͱü
ǰصشݣѼӣЩûѼӣſԣҲĲôݡ
Ϊǿǵĵֿصطſιڸǳ͡
ǹԲۿɼط
伸ֻƨ|ɶԲˣ·һһຩ̬䡣ÿιιʱҪûȵĿⶢھɱʱζ
죬ιϰԵضҿ⼸ֻнһɳĿռ䡣
ңһۣҹҲУɱʱܶ༸ʮ⡣
ʱǹԶɱҲס
ӦҲòˡ
ǵʱ⻻⣬Ҳóԡ
ιؼҡ
߿µŵѼޣ̧ſ׽ժ
װѼ޵ĿӲأ߽ڵϣ򿪸ӡ
װһ󲼴һѼޣһ򿪸ӣѼ޾Ʈˣմͷ·ϣģʮֲ
ץһѱסѼޣŵӵţŲѼζ
ЩѼڵǰÿˮһ飬Чýһˡ
ңչǲ·ˣ
˵ǵġָ̯еѼޣУǵϸһĲ޷ڵȻޡ
ǰѼ޵£Ѽ޶ܵõǣҪ·̧㣬Ѽ޿϶һ·׷ɡ
һ뵽Ǹ󣬾Ͳ̫·ˡ
ңô죿´ߣ֯ϸһЩĲ
롣ҸоڵĲӦò̫УӦ֯Ĳ̫С
ϱӴ޷ĲرϸܣۿСס
޲֪ǹյ⻹ǲϵ⣬ȥȽϴֲڣһܳ׶
ֲϴӸϾͲ̫ʺ޷
ǵҸرһĲ

Լңȫ˰һңûµʱСддͼҵһĽ
üȥ˺üֲϣֱ߷ˡֲ֪ԣֲ֪С
ҪһʵϸܣֱȽĲ
ûůȻĲ̫ˡ
ҵƤͲ̫С
Ƥϸܣȴů޷ĺòϡ
߽ʾ֭ƽ￴ÿһֲ϶ǹų
ĥ˺ü죬Ҳû취ֻʱ޷¡
ǻһҡ
˵ףˮƽ̫ˣ֪ۣܶҲû취
һ峿˯ѵʱңԱߣůűѣһɺŵζ
һʱԳ֡
ңĶͷͷһ£ָ£ס֡
˺һͨɫԽԽ
ѵסͷңţճؾܾˣǵȥˡ
ңĶ⣬ƣĲ
һΣȻҪȥǵİװüûȥˡ
ңĦĴ꣬áǿһ㡣
һڵָ̫죡


143 ѩ
Ǹ졣
紵, εƤۡ
ƤϣֻһᣬƤˮ, ʪϣ۽Ҳմˮ顣
ң, ǰ, ұȥ
̫ˡתңЦŹȥͺá
֣ŷ˺, ȥιֻСࡣ
ǻûߵ£һ̧ͷȻֵºʲôһ
ͣ½Ų쳤̽ͷ¿վʵĴѾʧ, ȡ֮һӨ͸ҫ·â
ӷⶳˣ
΢ͣתͷңӶˣǿȥˮôˡ
Ӧò̫⡣ңüͷ΢壬ҿĻһˮ򡣡
֪ǲԼģ
طǳ
ңѩϣѥ̤ѩ淢ɳɳ
ߵúܼѩȽߣ, ǿԴǰߡ
˱棬Ͳһˡ
ľƵƤѥѥ׿л, 㻨ƶڹ⻬ı, ȴû̫Ч, ûǻỬ
ֻС֡
ô죬Ҳֻ֪Сܲܵˡ
ңֻСǵȴӺ˳ԲԾˮֵȥšǷġ
ǵĽǳã黹
۾һܴС鲽˹ȥû°ɣ

ǲǶģ߰ڱϣȥֻСԴҹ䲻䣿

˫ԷԼЧͨ
ֵУ˴˶̤ʵС
ңվڰߺ棬ִڰ߼ϣȸιʳ
ŶáæϵıֻС˵Ǵ¹ͷţ㡣

ߺңڱϸֻСιʳ
ֻСһ߳ԣһƬˮȦȦȥȦȦͰ档
ǳˮȥˡ
ǲ̫ϲֺ
ߺңǶı޵ԲһЩǳԲ󣬰ߵǸʱỮƤ
ޱʱ򣬰߿Щ㡣
߰ɣȻȥң޺ñŰҪߡ
߷קĿڱУ΢⣬㿴ûУ
ңƳһۣˮ㵱ĳԡ
ô㣬ǵҲԲ갡¶һС˵ڱĵطҲһôǺþûеˡ
Ļǿԡңȥװ
ҲУ֮ǱǸС
˵ɾ͸ɣңҪؼߡ
첻򾣬߸ɴཫԺŵ˼ȥȡ㳦ϡ
ɱʱζƮ˳ȥֻԭԺɹ̫ŵζ֮Բסˣҡβűתתȥӽʳ
߽¯ˮˮУϴߡ֡
ֻڽűȥʮְ¡
߽ϴɾ·һ䣬ǿɺſ˫ȥë׵Ϸ磬պýϷ籧˸
˫ֿϴ˴꣬˲ĳë㿴Ƕֳʲôˣԣ
ӡ
ҲûãĹԲСĿ֮ܶܲ
ңװڱ׼úߡ
߰ڵ£ϷģϷë
ң˫ֱۣվű߿ȥȥˣ
ϾߣһϷë޵ӣİѩĲӣڼ￴ң͵ԣСİᡣ
ƿĲŴ˵ȥأ⻹ã̫ɽ̫ɽ̫ˣ׶
֪ˡȥ
˵ʱˮˮҪ°ˮŵ¯档
Ǽһ춼տˮŵ¯ȥһ춼ˮˡ
߶ʱֻǻűȥʮְ¡
˺üأûֻܰһߣ㱻ֻһ
߽ˮźãֻǣȻң˵ϷͰѩĸͷر󣿡
е㣬ô
ҾǵҲܴ󣬿һѩң֮ǰɿ͵ѩһѩеĹߣǴľ壬ľ棬ʮַ㡣
߼ûֳɵѩľǡ
˵ɾ͸ɣңЩľ塢Ƥӳ˸׵ѩֽϷͰѩϡ
ֻǲԣԲԲĺɫ۾ǣԵеɵ
վľϣףһǵƨ|ɣߣܲ
ֻվԭ˼Ļ
ѩȷӦ֫һµأ˷ܵ
Ϸվԭز
ѩһܣ׵ѩʧȥƽ⣬_һ±üףҺðֺãӻһ£ܿסˡ
ϷҲӦˣڰѩ˷ܵǰ塣
ǺЩûţǳһǰһܷˡ
ԭΪû뵽ǲܵ÷ǳ죬·ѩ˵ڻ¡
һ㣡˫סӣؿסֻǵķڸתкң
ңץסӡ
ңѱֻĴǸڻ¡
һֻ֣Ǳͣ
˿ֱĨԼĶͷ죬ǱֻŪһͷ亹
ǿУǻѵһ¡£ǵĺʶ̫ˡ
ңѾˣİߵļ磬ӡ
ңͰ߻˸λãվúңӣһֻǵƨ|ɣߡ
ϷͰѩΣߴ٣æ˲ӡ
ǵЭȷʵܲңӿƣҲûʲôӵأţȻͦô¡
վѩϣңĸ첲ֻǰ滶طɱš
ݴǵķ˿Ժ󣬰̲ס۾££֡
ֻѩԼ·ˣҲɶˡ
ûһǾ͵Ŀĵء
ߵһּ׵ѩȫ̱ӣսͣ˶òУֲòԭ˼¡
ȽûôӲˣȥң֣ôӵʱû˰ɣ
ûСңָ̯תͷǵļѩȻȥ֮ٸĸġ
ãλͲվôˡ
µİҲҪӿһЩ
һһ²ѩ顣
ֻԱͷ˵ؽš
ǵĲӣԺҲҪˣɵúãȻû׳
ңѩȥ˵ȿװ
Ȱѱҿ
СϪıȺҪö࣬߹׺
ԱʯͷڱϣŰѱҿ
Щ͸ıмҶݡˮóûнϪҲ졣
ϪǸ˰װֳأϪײǰװǸ廹ۺװιʳ
װĵʳﲻ࣬ǲÿ춼ûװ״̬ԡ
ϺߣӣֽˮװЩװţֻǻ̫㣬ӦǶöĹϵ
ңһͷ鿴
˻ϣȷװûʲôϪһʳ
ˡ߽Ϫһ£ϴɾ֣ŵȥɡ
Ϫ·ߣܿ
ңɾַ֣ŵůţ߰ɣȥҸĵط
ʱȥ㻹ҪұȽϺʵĵ㣬ÿǵ⣬ﱳȽʵڡ
ˣǵڱϴıߴûϵ
ңŰȥҺʵĵط
ǻźһȦҵһȽůĵط
ߴӱóСʷڱϣңʯͷҵԤƵĵص㣬ʯͷı档
ڵıʮּӲ߹ǣͷţܶû⣬ұҲȫصĻᵼ´ģѺۡ
ĴģѿˣҲг򣬿ֱӷߣ̫İȫ⡣


144 ϲ
͸ıϻһ, ŸӸˣǹźƤӣҲܿ, ̬
ũһ˫Ͳ, ڰϣרעؿǰı
ĸͼڱǰ, ߴڶˮ滹ʱʱðݣڳԴѵն
̫գõ, һжһƵɫ, ɽ¶Գ˼ֽޡ
۾´˯
ңԱߣĸͶˣؽ
ǱĶڿͦ
Ƕȱʳ, Щε㹳׷ȥ̽̽, 㲻ϵҧ
ңһ, ɿһ, 㹳һ˶Ĵ㡣
㻹Ӧ, 㱻ˮ, ڿŤ, žһˤڱϣ¡
ÿʱ, ڲԶֻ, ᰴ಻סС鲽צ, ǻ﷢ӵ˿
ңȡ㣬ֱۺһ¡
ֱۻĴ㣬ԱߵȻӲֱ۶̵СӸֻǡֻܲܳԵ㣬˫
ÿˮͻƤӿһۡ
Ҫر󣬻رֱ۾´˯
ڱܷĵطһ˿綼ů󣬰߰˯ѵضȹһ硣
ѣתͷԱ߷ңѾѳСɽ
ʣһ㣬д
ѾӲˣۻ峺гߵߣӷģƤƣͷǳ
ңʣҪôԣȥųԣ
ųԶûⰡﲻǻкܶ𣿵Ȼȥǰնɿ飬ըˣպŽԡ
˵ţԼʱͲ
ɴ飬ϼкŵըۣȰʢմһζˣ
߼ִͳ֭۾룬⣬һȵ𡭡
Ĩһͣң˵ˣȥ̫Ҫɽˡ
䣿ңЦù𣬰һ
ֻſԶĿݲɹ̫ذ׵ëϣëĩ΢⡣
¸ͦԶҲܿǹĹĵĶӡ
ǽջҲС
ߴһĿڣֻǵ֣ǹ
Ա˶û˯ѵĴ飬վԭض˶ëȻԵõŲǰ档
߸ѩߣȥ
ء
ֻС鲽ܶţѾϰѩñҪһЩ
ߺңվѩϣҲС
һصңȲĴҪըԡ
ڼһ죬ܳԴ̽ߺңǸѩ˰
ѩһˡ
㾡档̧ͷ˵һ䣬滵ҲҪǻµġ
õ仰˵ż׵ѩкֻСܵȥˡ
ʵըһֵɫںǸ̾˺ʳ
߻صԱ˺ںɫҧͻɫľ²˻ʹòϵɫӷḻ
īӷ߳һ۾Ϳڷϵķʢʳ
ʣϳ㻹ҪĲ𣿡
ʷʲݣҪһ㶫߶ŷʷʲݳֳɽ溰磬ԷˣҪˣ
ԶԶ
ֻЩõѩԱߣϴʣѩ棬ܴȥͻһ𣿡
ߣֻҪ㲻䡣
ӣഩһͲ䣬оܡ
ΧڲԱ߳Է
ը飬պҧҧһڣʱеըִԼҧػһϯζ١
۾õѵõʳ
Ҷը鶼⣬Ҫʳﻹȣꡣ
Ա㣬òҶȥһ̵Ĳ
ԵеͣҪҶ塣
ǼѾһ裬ÿ˶ӶԲҶĲӦѾϰ˺Ȳ衣
°|еʣںҲ˯ţ෴һȥȣϻ˯ø㡣
ụ̂ҲûŨζȻҪȡ
ǶŲ裬תƵ䡣
󣬷ů͵úܣ㲻ôźص·ж
߽ǼƤ̾һǴһȽˣһѾ
һʱͺáϵϣůһů
ǸǻҪ֯Ӱ
֯һЩҲỵ
ǼȫֹƷֻܿ˹һ̺ʱǳ
²ɵˣҪ֯һ˫ӳҲûʱ䡣
߼ˣҪʮ˫ӣ֯ķѵʱر𳤣˵Χë¡Ʒ
ǰķЩϣʱ䶼̫ԣǻҪΪһ׼
֮ȻóȥԺͲɼǾе¡
۴ƻ֣Ƕֻܳ档ʱ䣬ЩϷҪĹǷģҪȻһæͷӹһͷûУ
ֱȽϱ֯ʱֽ䲻Э
ڼ๤Ƿߣңľ룬֯Χȴ̫С
죬ڿһûһطߡ
ʵ̫ůûʲôϵĹʮֵ߸ŸţԴ㲻һһ㣬ڿϴ˯
ӣļ磬˯һ
Ŷ۾굽ȥˣ˳ӣñӸǵϣǸȻٺҡ
ůһһס塣ıĺܿ;
û˯ǰ˶˯ʱûô㡣
첻֪ô£˯ر㣬ر
ȱѵʱ۾ؿңӣֿ˿ںĴ⣬һֲ֪ϦϦĸо
ң̧һ£˯ɵˣ
ûСץס֣꣬һƣǷؿڣ˯һ
극˯Ǹ÷ˡңִǰҸ˵㶫
ʲôѽӥѲӻز
߶ӥʵ̫ˣǵزҲ̫Ȥ
ҪиȤĶõˡ
뵽ִ˸Ƿ
ңϣһ
ףǶֻǶʮʡ
ѶٵǰһŷһŻɫƤƤһ渲ʵë
ʱӴƤȥˣƤʵȷʵǳãҲûкõһĵĵز
ȵǣƤǳ˫ſûƤֵǣôһִƤΪëر̵Ĺϵֻʮӯ
֮ܶһůƤ
һµʶеƤ˳̧ңʲôҰ޵Ƥǰûм
ʱƤӵñһЩȫûжѵļ
ƤȻʮ͡
߸оԺпʲôϸһ룬ûץסݼŵС
̽Ѱңڵһˮ޵ƤƽʱӥƤӻǽղŴ򵽣Сһġ
ϲ̵ؽƤϷȥؿ治Ļ϶ر𷽱ж
ڵౣůʮֱůǱȽϺأָ޷˵ɵʲôϸ
ңĶƤǴࡣ
ʲô·Ļǲе㱡Ʋ̫ů
˵Ǹ޷ô
޷
ԺСһȻĶͷ
û뵽ңȻصظһƤ޷
һֱҲ޷Ĳϣһʱûȥޣ޷Ժˡ
ңҲ˵ΪϲУ˵оˣ´ȥҸʵĲϡ
Уγѣ໡һ´ӱ˽ңĻĲ˵̫ˣ㲻˵Ҷû޷
еƤȥϸĦ
ԽԽÿС
Ƥּͣûз϶޵ĿܣӴ޵Ŀܡ
ڴͷƤһ´Ьӣȥ
ѩأ·ȥһ¾ܶ͸
ңۼֿץס󣬰ڴϣȥãš
㰡߿ֵƤҲý
ĿıӰת⣬󷭳롣
Ǽҵ붼ϸĥģÿһǳ󣬴ǲڲϣϸڳƽʱóá
붯ϸܵƤľ²УҪ롣
ңȥ޵ʱ򣬴ϢҲܹ
Ƥ档
ƤǺƤֱ͵Ĳ㹻޷ڵ
һһ̿ƤСĻͼõŻͼСļá
ͰԱ߰æѲƤм϶
Ƥͣʱô÷죬Ǵ쵽ϣյ͵ƣеƤˡ
߽ɵѼƤ棬ɢɣٺͼһ𣬰ĺõƤʹѼޱԹ̶λãܡ
һҪĺϸĵֹ
һһ޷æҹæͷۻ޷ˡ
޷һ޳ۣƤë⣬涼ϸë
ֱѼ޼û
޷ë滬й󣬿Ư쳣
߶˶޷ϣ޷ף˶棬оһůڶ⡣
ůͣ߾̾ů
վԭر˱ģֻӶһֱۡ
ᱡ޷κζϺƤ۶еѡ
ߴһоȫůæ޷Ǹԣ·ů
޷ݸԡ
ճۣ޷ϡȰҪһЩ޷ϣֱЬϡ
һ飬üĿǾ棬ů洧ż¯һ
üҾ˵ѼǺöɣʣһѼޣһ޷޷һңͰ
ЦҪôŪ
ߺԥƽʱǰ޷ڼ˭˭
İߵļ򣬡ˣѼ޺ƤŪģǴСҪǷ㣬ٸŪһ
£޷Ա߳һһģһ㣬ҲҪѽ¶
תͷңһۣҲСҪǳţȴٸµġ
ЦǳűȽ϶࣬ǴɣʱҲ㡣ǴƤһů
ÿαεʱҪ·
ȹãǱεʱȹԶȥͲˣǵðһ·ܱ䡣
Ϊ·̫֮䣬Ρ
޷ǾͲһˡ
ֻҪ洩һۣ޷ֻʣűλ᷽ࡣ
Ҫǣ޷ů磬ȫ谭жǳȥʱ򣬴޷᷽ࡣ
Ƥ޷ڼһȦֻص˰ϡ
ߴ˰صƤ·ͻȻᱡƤ޷ϵ·𶼱ȥˣоһִٵĳ졣
ů·ʵ̫ˣ˾Ͳѡ
ƤëȥƤҲùһ£ң¡
ļ򣬡˯ɣҲһʱ
ȰƤȥ𴲵ʱһ롣
ߺңסɽϣûලǣҲ֪ӻ᲻Υң˵ң㿴ҹҪȻȦֳˡ
߷飬ֲС
ңͷǸġ


145 ë
ÿΪ䵽޵ʱ, 컹һ㡣
ȫסˣңб, Ұѩ˱ӣһŲȥʮ㡣
Ǹš
ҪǻȥιֻС, 뿪
ǿУÿҲᴩźװ
ñӣΧ, ٵϺƤ޷, ÿһֶ١
죬ȥι
˵ط, ߴӱóʳȥι, û뵽һɨȥ, ª, һ, ߶µȡů, ǰű顣
ɣָðˣ߿ģͷһ, ʱͷۡ
ң˫ѹļ򣬴ͷȥҿ
Ӧû, Ҷǵıˡߴդ, 
Ƚϰɾ, ҲȽ٣ǲɨһ㲻ÿζ
͵һŵһŵζǷζһ𷢽͵ζ
ƫͷ
ȺɧһŻǰƶ˼
ץסһֻĲӣȼϸ鿴
һ¡
ؿŵı飬˱飬۾Ҳз״̬ͦ⡣
һ鿴ֻ򣬶
ͷһ̫ˣߵıůʩֲ㣬ȥˡ
ңҲڲ鿴׵ɣ׽С򡣡
ֻˡȥ
ûкëůһЩڽ䡣
ߺң߽ȥǻһ
˲鿴ȥţ
ǶţҪһЩţ޵ñȽϸܣ滹˺ĸɲݸţȡůȡʳ
߽ţ鿴ţ
ͷţһȡůûð
ţã߶˿
ǼţΪţΪشˣҲɱ
ң鿴˵ȰţǣȥȻ򡣡
ţǣȥҪ
ڳ棬ǴӣȡůʵڲУٸյú
Ǽ㹻ú̿¶ͷţҲú̿ꡣ
̾˿ֻˡ
˸ͷţι˲ϣ˩סţıǻţǣ
ţſڣһͷţƴţ
Ҫ˩ǵıǻѾӽţˡ
ͷţüվȰߵ߻ߡ
קͷţȥů
裡
ˣֲԶһ͵ˡ
裡
ŵͷţУƺڸּۻۡ
ңŵţҽУӵʱҲ鲻ԸƵƵ飬ƺڴܷɹ
ͷţжί
߿ΪԵı飬εΪǺá
衣
һ£طſӣˣ̫䣬ǲԸţǻȥƤϣӦþ䲻ˡ
ιҲͦ鷳ǣȥǣȥңӹ߷ſӣţҲû̫࣬ǲܲˣ߰ɡ
ң֣ͷţֻܲ鲻Ըظǳȥ
һţĺ˻ţ鲻Խؼӿ˽Ų
סɽͷǺԶһǾ͵ˡ
ǿţǣˣʮֳԾ
ſǣôţˣ
ߴ˴֣űӵ̫䣬򶼸ðˣǰɱڰţǣԺҪȥι鷳
ţҪ
ңӻڳ棬ҴСӣԸȡůûʣЩϿá
īվҺһ϶ݺ󡣡
ǴţԽóǽӾС
ݺǽĲϣéݺƬС
СţҲò˶ٲϡ
߽ţ˩Ĵϣڼţȥ
ҺһȥҺüûˡ
УǸ㴩ҵ޷
أ
ңݺҵġ
ңڼҸɻҪˣʱȡůҪˣܵĵطûС
˼˴ң
ֵϺ޷ñӣΧŪãųȥ
Ǽûô㣬ҲôᷴǸѡ
˰磬򶼸ϻˡ
ڼˮ
һϻңīţĴʱһɱ
Ǿḻ֣㹻Ľߡ
̫ûɽǾͰȫ׺ˡ
ëˣǰԴŵľٰǻӶѩ
ѪҲѩԵʱûȥ
ֵˮɱʲôȥܱɱʳģصĻỵ
컹ûڣңīȥݺţͰˮϴ࣬𼸿ڴʼ±ͷͷȻ±ࡣ
СɽͷůЩ
˨һԵţҲˣݵؽſĸɲݡ
ҹȼѼɻ
ڹڵͷͷѾˣ߽ȡڰϣٰඳá
±װҲŵ涳ãʱЩǾѵĵζϡ
һһֱæҹŰţţϽȥ
ǽʮͷˣ඼棬֮ǰѼ⣬δһڣǶٶֻȡʳ
òŪ꣬һ˳˸ҹ󣬰ߺңָˣǸǲˣιһСడ
ЦŵͷһȥŵţԾܳˡ
ҲãźȥҲһ㣬Իˡ
˵۵úˣȥʱ̲סңҪȥϴ衣
ǽһĻɱ϶ζϴ費С
ûʲô¸ɡ
ߺңֹϢһ죬ڼϢ˺üûȥ
Ҫ̫ůˣǵĿյůͣ㹻һԴڵСʲô
ȰȥʱѾ֮ˡ
˰͸죬úܣüۡ
Լʲô𣿡
⼸ĨʲôôƤôã
һȣ£ʲôûĨΪﲻţûз紵Ƥűúɡ
𣿡
Ȼˣõʲôôе֣֮ǰû
עܿ챻תϵ߸߿˵
еǻҰɫЩֲڣߡ
߽ӹһ£ЩЩ֣ȽӲҪӲԣʲô
ë߰
ϵıЩ⡣
û뵽˾ȻŪëߣëĳɵ𣿡
ǰǰɱë棬Ǹ˵԰ЩŪãù֯˫ӡǵӺ񲻹ůͣЩëӦûһ㡣
ôϴëߣ
˵̲סеߣЩߵȷҪ֣Ҳ˵ѾȽˡ
߷ŵӵţЩߴеķζзζȫŲζ
÷ϴ𣿡
ҡͷûˮ˼飬÷ϴ
Цǲʲôԣ
ûСߵҾе㾪ȣ̫ˣżûǾ֯ëӡ
֮ǰҲëֻûëôëҲûô
߿еߣͦǻë֯ë¡


146 
߼ҵë֯Ļӡ
಻ů, Ƥ಻͸ëպãʵ, ǴڽϣҲھţĿǰë
֯ë֮, ߽ճӶëࡣ
Щŵʱ򣬽һ㡣
Լߥ޼ˣȫë, ٴ
һѲʱ䵽, ңҪȫѲӡ
⼸ѩĻѩôˡ
Ȱңһ, ֪ôѩ, ң϶, ȥֻýһ׼õĻʻȥ顣
һš˵һȥҪʲô£ҲиӦ
ңԴһ£ô, Ų, ڼ, ߰ͻˡ
˭ҪȥˣҸһȥ, Ҫʲô, һܰϵæ
ߴҪңȥĥӲݣ˵˺þá
ң˵ֻͬ⡣
׼һʣҪҩƷ
ң붬ܵģЩҩҪڷ纮ðȽⶾǶ쳣õҩƷ
ôѩ䲻ҽңǱ㳣ҩʡ¡
Ǿȥӥ壬ʱȥ
˴Ӵ忪ʼһ·壬β壬춥壬壬ȥߣضһ·ɸ壬ҹ壬ӥڰš
ʱ䰲ŵñȽϽգ·ϻȽϸϣ϶Ƚࡣ
ʱҲ˲ô࣬ô䣬սپ
Ϊ˸·صش෽ʳƷ⵽˸ɣٵ棬һ¾ͿԳԵʳ
ȥ塣
Ҳᵽɽȥˣûס档
ɽȡůصؽڱȽϿڵĵطĻҲر࣬ɽĿԣرơ
ǿȽϽҲûʲôȫ
峤Ǻ棬ǲõģǽ׼ʳȡůõģľĺú̿׼úܳ㡣
ЦҿˡͦõģһжãǾͷˡ
һˡѩô·ϲ÷ɣǽסһ磬Ҵ˻һ̡
ʱ仹磬ǿٸһ·ҡͷûͣҲ˵ˣô죬ȥ鷳
˵ʲôңɽ̫ǳȥ˵ûвˣҿǵ
һЩģûʲôˡˣкܶǵġҲʱرۡ˾ˣûҩǣ
ؼʣ廰ǣǿ
ǹ
Χ˷Ըһܹܿȥš
һһȺ˻㼯
ɽ̫ˣµ˻ѣǿ
ȥõĵط¡
кһȺߵɽڣǵͷ
üĿȽ䣬ȽףǹԹԵͷվڰǰ鿴ʱԵʮѱеԵرɹ
һȥǲǣﻹݡ
Сƨһһ㣬ݵıƤƣҺ壬Ŷ˺¡
ңҲǵ΢΢üɽ⣬еϻ𣬺һܻҩ
ҸоǡԱ䲻ؿڣϻӦȱʲô
˵תȺ𣿡
վǰСĴ۾ӵҡͷۣûʲôо
иСӴһ㣬Żش𣺡ҲûʲôоùҲۣرˮġ
ϵĴСǶ׷ױʾͬ⡣
ߵͷʾ˽⣬Сң˵ϻǵӦûۣҸоеȱάء
ң԰۱ȽϤȱάػᵼ
ҹƻᡣ߲ңߵ˵ѾôãûʲôʵʳҲû߲˳ԣȱάػͦ
˵ֲ꣬ھǲȱάصµǲһάؾ֪ˡ
˶ԵҪǶŵʳʳ;飬ûʲôʵɫ߲ˣȱάز֡
߾ãǿڶ컹ûʱάر벻㡣
ϾĴ˸ûҪҶ߲˵ĸд󲿷˻߲ͦˣֹ߲ζֻʳﲻʱ򣬲ŻҰ˳伢
ߺңС̸˼䡣
ȱάأǵûʲôرõư취ҪѩµúܴѾɫˣȽͺķʷʲݶѾȫˡ
֪ۣҲû취ʵʳ
Ա߿ǵ̸һûóɽǵ̸˾ˣߴˣǲǳԴʲô
תͷǣźҡͷǳԴ˶ûԹǻŲ˸ɺֲﾥ⼸Ե㣬᲻תһ㣿
æͷֿңѯûʲôķԸ
ң˵ĳԣǻȥҲ취
ֻõͷ
ңָһЩҩǰҩȺԡ
˵ȷܿȱάأҲųȱάصͬʱҲϻ˵Ŀԡ
˫£Чܻһ㡣
˸˴壬ǰβ塣
һβصز쿴β˵
ܿ췢ֳβҲǺͳݵ
ңǺȽҩ
һ·ϣȥ춥塣
춥Ǻͳݵͬأ춥˻ʾ궼ݡ
ʵЦٿƼݵӣ̾һʾȥ֮취
춥˷οߺңżЩݻʹҲôǵȿȻͺˡ
ң춥˸ҩģͰǵɽסһ죬ڶ뿪
Ҫ塣
Ϣʱ˸ܷĵط⣬˳㿾
ңһֱ̫ߣԱߣˮȿˮůů϶ܻᶳˣһ㹻ʳú̿ȡůѾܺˡ
ǰ׼Ҳᶳˣ
Ȼᡣȫɼʹԣ׼ҲŪ̫ʳỹ÷Ҳ̡
ȫһһ֪䣬ڱŬԺͲɼͬʱʼֲ
Ҫǣú̿
ú̿ȲůˣգطɽԽ룬ĴȥѰ
ûֻ֣пڶഫĸִ˵ɽм򵥼¼ıڻ
Ǹִ˵ǱڻǶжϳǾõһ϶
䲻Ŷţһǣ˵СݣҲ̫Ҫ
ֻҪĵȴȴ˾ͺá
߽ȡůô˵취Ҫ취ǵüźʣ𣬿ܸܲ巢һź
ƲСŴ壬淢ȥһһ붼ңԱߣǽӼø䣬취϶С
ô죿ȫˣʷʲݶܲܰԵȪĸֲɣ
ȻԵʱôôڣ
ҪȻǰѲҶóַ
ݰ֪ҶǸάصĺð취
ϱӣЩϰ߳壬صϲҶ
ңҶҲѲҶȫȥҲһ˶裬̫á
ǡ
𼱣룬Ѳ꣬ȥ뵽ˡ


147 
˾Ŵ, ϵǣ嶼ҪůһЩ
ʱ, , 󷴶ҪһЩ
ķûôЩůʪζ, Ƿ, ǹεǵˡ
Ȼ, ҲֻԶԡ
϶˾Ŵ嶼ѩҲѩء
춥Ĳ볤ĲȽԶ, ̫, ִ, ֮, ңҪһ롣
߸棬ķ, ҲҪһ롣
ò׵Ŀĵ, ߸оˡ
峤Ԩӭǡ
˫ѹ, ԨɽǱ, ࣬Ͻ𡣡
, 㵽ˡߵ, ðɣ
ǵĸһаá
ھסɽǵĲЩԶô㹻
޴ɽһ㳡, иС, мǸ֮, Ҳͨ˴Ķ
߽ɽܸоһ˿ɽú͸άɽζȴûɽùں䡣
ͨ粻ֱɽȡů߽ͿɽΧһȦ¯
¯ʲôڻ¯æţǽҷ׷ͣͷĶǴк
ߺңҲӦ
ŵһͷζζůεѾõ˲жķ
̽ͷһۣʣǴͷ𣿡
Ԩҡͷ࣬Ҳʡųԡ
˵ʱСڴ˵ķԸ߹ǵˮʳ
СǿЩ󣬰صع۲һǵɫСԺ󣬲ûǻѡ
˼ʣǲУﳤݵ˶𣿡
Ԩû壬ɻɫʲô
һʾ⣬ﳤݵ˶𣿡
ԨһӣϵɻŨأû̫עЩȥʡ
֣߰ЦȻûע⵽Ӧòôˣʡ
ԨջȥˣۺͰ߲µһﶼôݣֻмϻ˵˲ų
߸Ԩһ˵˶ˣǲŻʡ
Ԩʾɻ
˵ʱһ˴߽
ǻű𣬻ŵӣϲ
һߺңڣ˸æк
ǿʱ򣬰ŵһζȥˣ
˻ش𣺡ûУȥ̲Ͽһ¡ûжϣں̲ϼһЩʳ
߾棬ڻÿ춼ܼ𣿡
ԣһȥΣҪر䣬ǾͲȥ
߲鿴ǴʳΪǵջеȡ
ǰ߼Ĳйõһ䣬е㡰Ϻ޿ȫʳ㡱ĸо
˱Ժ׷кߺңԷ
ûƾܡ
ԨǷˣǵɽϵһСɽ̺ӣƤ΢Ϣ
ȷʵ۵òУƣ֮⣬ѹҲȽϴ󡪡ô˳ݣ취
Ĵȥ˯һ뵽ԼϵĻҳȽ϶࣬סˡ
תͷңһۣңĬʮ㣬Ԩǳȥϴһ
ҲȪŵĵط̫ԶңڸѲߣԸطʲôָơ
ԨûȰ裬ãϴ͵ʱˡ
϶ȥȪ
ȪȺ뺣߱ȽϽǷɵȪܿԶεɫĴ󺣡
Ѿ˰߲Ǻܺã߷ڸ߿֮ϣȺɽʹ󺣣ɫҲǳ
䵽ɽ䣬һںʵȪ߼򵥳ϴһ£Ȫ棬ʼ衣
Ȫ¶ԽߵȪ棬պˣôãоҹͷҪɢˡ
ңЦЦ
˫ſ̯ڰϣһ붯
ŲŲƨ|ɣɽֵķ϶ԶĴ󺣡
ҲǸ죬Ϧͻûգůչѩԭϣһɫ
ɽǰ׵ģԶĴȴεġ
κһͬΪرõĹϵƬԵرᣬһƬɫӯԶ
רעؿƬɫо˶ˡ
ңרעһ𿴡
һᾰңѾˣջĿ⣬߻ҲգؿԶ
ңЩЦĶ䣬ôÿҪϲ´λȪ
ǡ
ʲô
תңζʳ֮ǰԺ̫ˣܴܲӺһЩʳ纣庣ˣҲάء
ңֱ壬庣ã
Ҿã㿴ɫôãܲȫǳͷԵİɡ
ȪһɫԴ
߼Ϊ϶ǺƷǲάغ΢ԪأǵɫŻôá
ңϤЩĿҲе
һ¾ȥ߿
뺣Ѿܽˣг򣬷졣
Ȫû·ֱԭرΡ
̫ûɽѾվ˺ߡ
һһµĻźһ޴壬쾡ͷ
֮߱󣬹Ƥӣңں̲Ѱ쿴ﶼЩʲô
зǣг㡣ңһۣϧıеС
ˣҪǼ񵽵з࣬ǿԻȥü
Ϊûʲô˹Ĺϵ̲ϵĶر࣬ľǸֱǺз
߼ܿצз
һҲзĺǽЩзͳͳսǵıѸٸϸӡ
̲ϵҲܶ࣬Щ㱻ܾãѾڣ۾ҲˣŻһζ̫ʣӦòôܳԡ
ЩǽģʣҲǳµıأֱӼŽȥԡ
ߵķʵЩһᣬͷ㱻÷ɡ
ţҲоЩ䡣
һ޴ջ˵ʲô۾ˣңں̲ܶ
һ·һ·񣬳࣬зͱ֮⣬ܿϺֵĺ
ߵĵط̫ԽˣǾ㲻ÿֻҪ̲Ͽһܼ񵽴ʳ
Ϊߺ˹ߵʳӦҲôࡣ
˵Ҳǡ䣬㿴ôû
ʱûУһߡ
ǲҵʱ򣬺ÿ̲϶д壬巴伣ˡ
ҵ̫һȥˣûҵƬĺ塣
·ʵ̫ңΣŰƬ̲Ͽ
ûں̲ϿһƬǳ￴ˡ
Ͽֱӿŵĺˮҡ
ֱºһ㣬ңֹ
Ѿ̫ǶƬҲ̫ϤҪǳʲô£æҲûУõ
ֻðסе˷ܣʾųһ̣һ㡣
뿪ߣֻصɽϵȪУһ£ů͡
ڵķ̫䣬һȦַһȦѾ͸ˡ
ΪٴλȥȪĹϵ浢˲ʱ䣬ȻصɽеʱѾ׺ˣ深ա
Ԩӭ˿ٲҶҪ˳ȥˡ
߽ϵıõǰȥ˺̲һˣҵһö


148 
ߺңĿװŸз
Щз, зһ򿪸ӣзצȥ, ͼͬ
ڱһ, ̳һƬɫĺģۼֿзĺǰƻȥ, ֡žһ, ٽӵĸӸ, ٿó˲Ӱ
룬зԨջĿ⣬һ˿ʧ, ЦЦڸס, ˰ϡ
˭Ҫ㿴з, Ҫ㿴ſ֣ŵĺչʾԨ, ʶ𣿡
ǣԨ¶ɻɫɵùƬ, ʲôرô
˶㲻㣿ЦЦ, ʵǰæ
Ԩ̵ʲôæǾ˵
æֺ塣ֺһЧ, ռֺ壬ɹɺȥĲ䣬ǳԡ
ԨĿջ, ԭֲһûгݡ
ǽ췢һƬǳĺ, ҪҰæ
û, ȥ𣿡
, ȥһʳ
ͦûԵ, ʷĺ㣬Խڴ
Ҳûڴܿз
зûڷʣͷȴرзǱ⣬ζһɹɵǱꡣ
סзһǰɡһ½з롣
Ӳ濴ѩ׵зԽԵˡ
Χȼзͺ㣬ʱʱպһ㽴ϣرС
ڵ˯ǰһʱ䣬ǶԾسԺȡ
Ա߸һԣ˳˵ǲ顣
ڵĵطģ½ʮ䣬ĴҲûٶ١
ǻú̿ÿ춼ܽ̿յģŵʱܹţűΧ̿˯ӹʮ
ʮֺ²ȱʳҲٲܶΪǲľȽ٣һ춼ҪԼ̡
ǵһܶĶ졣
˵µʱ򣬶԰߶ʮָм
߰ڰ֣ҵĹͲҪǴұȽڷܣҵʳﻻú̿һǼ֮以ﻥԸչֵܲ䡣
Ԩͷлֵܲ䡣
˵úһ롣Цžٱ鷳Ұæһ㺣ˡ
߻˵ϣȻæӦʡ
ǵڶˣȥ̺׼ã߳ɽʱղŷһĨǰףӹߣҲûǱȥ
ߴ֣ǳů֣ȵߣ̫º̺塣
ߴ˲õģǵǿ׳ءЦԼš
߶һȴѰһǰ˴ܣȥңƹ
߸۾Ҫ˵ңִڰ߼ϣ߰ɣ粻˳١
ҷ׷װƤŵı
Ҳ׼۱Σң˵ұȥ̫䡣
˵ıֻºͺӣң˵仰󣬳˷׷׽ĿͶϡ
´Ҷ֪˵ĹϵǵܻǺ˸е档
߱˿ЩȣװңΣסңĲӡ
ңһֱųգ޴𣬺Щ˼վȡ
˷ӦҲæΣң
һȺ򱱷ĺнɫĹâ̫·ʱͻƲ㣬Ծ档
ǷɹɽӹԭҰȻں̲ϡ
峿˻ҹһ߱ѩ˼ײǳƵɳ̲ʧ
ңأ˸һ𸩳䵽ɳ̲֮ϡ
ߴңϻƤۣǰǳ˺ǳůһ㣬º̺塣
Ԩͷڳɳ̲ϵͱ໹ʣȥ㺣
̫Զ
ʱ仹磬ңҲ˸ɳ̲Ϲ㺣
̲ϲ㣬к˴ĻСϺֻҪں̲ϵĶͳͳŵ
ǻûп壬ɳ̲ϵǳһצ㡣
Ȼаצ㣡߿ѩ׵嶯в˼飬ץرˡ
ңˮﲻ䶯ŵİצ㣬ⶫܳԣ
ϱӳ˲٣ץ˵
еſſͱͱң
ңŰצ㿴һְѰצץ
צһץϣıЩ֡
ߣ
ң侲ҧҵ֣е顣
֣ӽ𡣡
ңѰצӽû뵽צŸսȥִӱķ϶©˳
ôСϸ죬צôӱ©
ֱҺһ
߶Űצ㿴ĥҪô
ң޳ָסצԴһֱӰѰצˡ
һ㶣̶Ĵָ
ںַ̲˲ٰצ㣬ǿֵץצʱɫԽԽĳһ̣̫ڴӺһѳԾ֮ϡ
ٻƵأԼ
ں̲ܶһʱ䣬Ѿů͹ˡ
̫ǲٵ飬ϵֻһȹ׷˺ںζţЦŻͷкͬ顣
ңȹתͷ˵ʲôѾƤ۸ˣǰͨ˫Ⱥ˫֣ѽ䡣
ңרעضŰߡ
ߵһ޳ʧˡ
ңΧΪЩ촽
⧲ϣɴ۾
Χĺˮͺ綼ǳ䣬ĵ壬Խ̡
ˮнһȵǡ
סңĴ|ˣѾε˺ףǵøϽȥ
šңһ°ߵģȥ
öͷײһ£ɫ|һա
˼ƽһ飬Ǳ
ˮеҪůͣںˮһֽţоôӲ
Ƭֻף͸ˮ棬յһ
һ۾Ϳ˺߮ͺ״Ƭĺ塢ɺǡ࡭ֱһƬĵԭʼɭ֣
һεףѾֵʰȡࡣ
ıִַʣɳ̲ϼ񵽵ıҪˣ̽ʺںˮʳ
һãܽʯ˳ˮһ̣һı㱻С
ҲѾʼκ塣
ĺ峤ʮïܣһƬӲںһΣܰһѡ
Щֱ¾ܽһ
ߺңҲ˰κĴ֮Уһ߰κ壬һ߿ųˡ
Ҫһ˭ˮΣգǾͻȥԮ
Ҳھš
ŸϺ壬ı󣬰ѱȥµı̡
ǽƻ̺壬ıر࣬ÿ˵ı˸߸ߵһ
ô౳ԭΪҪ̵߰û뵽̫뺣ûԶǾѾеıװˡ
ԨӺ︡ң˾ˣȰزٻµıһɣ
ңʣ𣿡
ԨĨȥϵˮ飬ֳһڰ䡣
һѰҲӺ̽ͷ䣬ﻹȡ
ңһͷþȻز䣬˹ʣµļ̣һ㣬̵͹ˡ


149 ؼ
ԭҰ, ᡣ
ɽĿյϷľӣĺЩľϣһ, һչġ
ϵѩм紵ڿתƯһѩ
̫, ⾰ɫű
æˡ߹źƤ޷, ̫ɹ̫;Ƥӳĵð͸
ңԴһ£Ӧɹò, Ǽ
ĺܶ, ̫Ҳ󣬺ľ, ܸ͸һʱɹڶֱкɹΪֹ
Ÿ͸˵ĺ巽Ѳӣæź£ȥ춥塢β塢, 廹ж࣬ҲȥԶĵطӥ塣
г˰æǻࡣ
߿ңϣϱɹů, ⷺ, Ҳתˡ
ֻ̫ºú˯һ, £˵
֪˯˶ã߱Ƕŵһζ
۾һ̫Ѿм䣬³
ңְסůҫ۵չ⣬˺ڳ𣿡
ŷңĳϣϸң޷
ֲôů
ྱ磬شŹǷԡ
ңһ࣬Ѹ
ͺʵζһƮŵ˵غζ
һѾˣŵζӹؽθвһ꣬ð
žӣڳˣߣԺȥ
ã˰ѹᵽɽ档
Щһһʯÿðζɢõǡ
һʱ䣬Ѿˡ
˲ԼҲֱ֣ȥСǣֱץʾͳԣԵСèһЦƮõǡ
˾ˣߴˣкǣߣˡ
ңЦ߹ȥʲô
Ǹǿ㣬ʹϺصģֿζ
̽ͷͼˮµʳҪһغһСģҺͼ˾һԡ
ϣﻹرıϺҲһϣ
ɣһԡ
˺ܿʢ躣ʳ
Ƕźʻص£ԡ
ĺʸѩף΢ƣϺٻƣϻؽ
һԵĿǣһ֭ˮ׺һأ˻Σıڱ浯
˱֭ˮ֭ˮǻһ˲䣬һֱĴϱ⣬һҧ㣡
ǰ˳ĵõʱ˵˽ǣߴ˿̱оˣЩʵı쳣ֻһ
۾ϸϸܿеʳ
δ꣬ȲһңƼζ治ԡ
ϺζҲ㳢һңϺǣѷ۵Ϻպؽݵߡ
ߡءһڣصֻϺƷ
ϺζеҪãҲԣ
һһڣʳ
ʳûֺ꣬ǹȥصظĺѾˡ
εĺвϺ࣬ϺֱһĴϺ
ϺıѾƿˣ¶ѩ׷۵Ϻ⣬ðŹ
߿ŹϺˣô⣿
ץģû
ץöҲ
һץֻֻصظġ
߼ҲУ㲻ٸǿϺĺʵԱ߳ȥˡ
ҰϺζҲһۣܱһӶ
ˬ
ٺǰ붬Եˬһٷˡ
ЩʳַζͷǳⶳһȣǸһ
Եţ˯ʱͳ˸һٺտ
ͬ˿֮Уô䣬ǱҪǸºҲ֪ڵĺʻ˷
٣δһʱӦûǲº⽫ǽʢһٺʴ͡
ҳųţԸˣΧ裬
ٺĻڴÿ϶ǲõЦݡ
߲̫ó裬ңԱ߾ͣҲЦ
˵УĻӦһࡣ
ǵкü֣Ҳֺüࡣ
ȺףУܻӭҪϳͶԸ衣
ܽκһ仰ĸҲܽκһﳪԸʱۣƵʮ־ʡ
ң쿴ҹȸ貿ֽŻɽϢ
˯˺ܳһʱ䣬ڽɽɵʵı棬ַˡ
ʵ̫ճԹҹ͹裬;񶼴һ״̬ױ˯ȥ
Ѳӵ;Уһطͣ죬һ
ӳʱ򣬰־ˡ
Ǹĳˣȥ塣
峤ǰɽüΣҲ죬ʱ򣬻ûѡ
һΪⳡ˳׼ŵʳʹķúṩ˴ǹ÷ǳ
ڵĺ߱Ƚ϶̣ڴĺûôͣȻȽԽ
ǶҲҵһЩˮ壬ûԣûʲôǺͳݵˡ
ϱߵҹ΢òһ㣬Ҳ
ߺң˰壬Ǹ嵰ȣӦ¡
뿪󣬱㵽ӥ壬ٹȥǰ塣
˰Ѻ͹ˣǳ
ߺңסڸƽʱϿշ裬ڲصػѲӣȷûǱ˼ҡ
Ƕڼң˻һ˳æǴĶж
СûЦ
Թǻ˵߰ͻѾʮˣҪǳ˺˳˵ǵҶȥǡ
ⲻ·бǸڼôûзʲôر飿
캮ضҲôš
廰Ǹ˴ǰ
ţ߻ͷǹʲô
̫䣬ûطȥЩ׼ʱҪӣѾˣ峤ûлǴ͸
ٺܿ죬һ˵˳
䣬ؿң˵ӶȽѣôǳȥ£ˣ
Ҳʳ㣬ô԰£ܲһö
ǸմҲû˵
ܿôۣϢһ˵һʱҲ
ȥ
˵ǿϢһ£ȥʣʲôҸ
Ǹҧţң棬ﻹ𣿡
ʣСͰ
һ㣬ӡ
īӴ⴫Ұϣĥ
ĥҪӽīҲ֪˶á
Ц˵ðĥһ㣬һڱ


150 
Ϊ, ǵһο˷
˷רõӤһСɽС
Ϊ˱ů̿¡ɽ, Ҳܸоһů
ů, ɽﻹһζʹ˷ĺ
ɽЩ谵ֻ̿ͷһСԲ, ߴһ, ֻܿһֺֻֻǻ˶ë, Բ
߶࿴һۣתͷСң˵˰
ôڲôãѾϳǵΡ
һֻֻڵϰضŵĴһⶼ, ߻һֻͦףֻԵøⰲꡣ
ߺһ۽ĸо
ңͷ, ߵ˷
ֲô˵û£߿Щ, ʵط, ţŲ𣿡
Ƕţšڽϣøš
˴յü, ǵĺ, ˸, Ҳû˵ʲô
ǵһ, ²ǰ˾ˣߴˣҪȥǣ׼͸𣿡
ңͷѴ͸Ĳ϶
͸Ĳһ࣬ңõõڵϻַʾ͸
Ϊ˲Щңǰ˹ڻϸˮš
תͷԸΧ۵Уܿ˳ȥ˽
ûп£ڷѾǣŲӣϸСġ
ͳĹ˷ĪЦ
ң࣬԰֣ʾߵһǰһһ͸ţҲһ
ңָָԼɴ۾תͷһ£Ҳ
ߡңͷɣϣЩƿǺһϻɡ
ԥǰ΢΢쳤ӣ﷢һ¿ڴؿ
ڶһ޴ԴҲشпΡ
תͷһ£峤һơ
ңһ°ߵ⣬ͺá
áʿˮĪɤЩɿʡ
һεΡ
ǰ˼ˣæ΢΢վŲŽŲϵŵĵ¶
һĵƤɫܿϵף⵰ǻЩ
ң޳ʳָպ࣬ڵϻһСš
ʶţʱڰֽдŴףκһ롣
ңд΢΢ӣʾҲд
ѧʳָպУһϣᴥǡ
ָһǣֵ´ůĴУһ΢ָͨͨͨС
ǻģ
ĴҲͿȫһĴС
ָ΢΢һ£۶Ǿ档
ָȱȽ˼֡
ңһʱ䣬ûס֣Ǹףķػ˳
档૵
ڷ˰ְֺṾһ۶ǽ
ӺܽңὫƻ˰ְֵĽм䣬ɡ
һڷˡ
˵ãǹԼҵĵ¶ڴؿǡ
һ죬߶ǸףķѾǳϤˣҲ¶ӣңửǸš
ߵ˵ҪпգץʱԭܹҲֻ
Щһ⣬˷š
ߺңĵףû죬ӥҲǡ
ϢͨҲĬʳ㣬Ҳţ¶뾡ʱԼҵı
ҶŬźǣǵȷʵôŬڣÿĵûͻƶʮ
ű˼ҵĵЩ۲ĺͰ죬ʲôʱһ
һΣŬ龰һֱԾܾҺңûʽΪ£̫ˡ
û˻˵л
ҲУǸͱ棬ǿһǻᡣ
Ѿңôס
⡭߻Цһ£ҪҺңףһ£ҿǴͷһ͸š
Դһ£Ƥˣ
̽Ч
ֻ˼ҵĵ棬Լ
ңҲûΪ˾еĺӣԣǵĺӡ
ϣʾһߵġ
ǳƽ
죬ߴŷź㣬ңһȥιֻСࡣ
ֻСʱǳȶߣ˯ںôԶһΡ
ֻСһţÿιŷʳ
ҰСҪȹĶ죬ҪĴ֬ʱһȦ
Ͱˮûݣ߼ιԽԲɰ
ߺңιֻСֽ࣬ǿı޼ԲһЩͰˮˣʱ򣬲ŲᱻıԵƤ
󣬿ңϢҲ֪ʲôʱŻῪ
ңһ£ˣѾһĩܿͻữˡ
ϣˣڼôãˡ
к޷ңķмҲܸ߳ǻǲÿ춼ţϴ趼ϴ
ڳ̫鷳ˣ׶ǲôðա
ڼңˣʮġ
߽ԼϷһ飬ڶˡ
оͷ⣬ڼ׾ˣô
ң죬ҪõĻȥ㡣
³һаɣȥŪ
ǳȥǸСɽµĺҲԵ㣬ֻҪһٵ١
ҪĻˮ
ֻǵЧһ㣬䣬ȥֻܺܿ¶ϣ㻹ٴ俪档
ǼȻߺңһ㲻ѡ㡣
Ǹȥ㣬ӹúƽ
죬һңװѩȥ㡣
ͷǻë׵βͣŲӣڱԭܵ÷ɿ졣
һѾϰ߸ȥˣҲϰ˵ļӲͣÿѩܻҲˡ
߻ûǱߵߵܣѩе÷ɿ졣
صķӭ洵۾쿴ľ
ϵƤñӣ͵ֻͣ
ǻûߵм䣬ңȻеȵȣˡ
һʱûзӦʲô
ң΢΢սˣȥ
ʵ̫ˣʱֻҲѩڱϻһȦӨıżѵͣ
ءϷͰѩתͷǽë׵צӻű棬ߴǼǰߡ
ңѩվݵطѩ
ߴһȥ˳ֻë׵Դ
ѩϡ
ǵѩڱϣϳ˳ĻۣѱŪЩһۿȥʵ̫µ
߶ô׵ָһ±棬ı
д΢ıﲼݣ͸͸ı棬ֱӿ龰
Щ鿴һжãûѺۡ
߶תͷɻؿңûѣˡ
ңŰߵһȥٹȥǱ߿
ֻԶŤͷǣ罫ë׵ë÷ɡ
ǳëʵָУˡ
ߡңߵһ֣ͣıˡ
ҿԱһݰɣ
ݡң˵ȭͷֱһȭҵǰıС
šءһ죬鱻ֱҵǽҲꡱһ£˺üѺۡ
߱һʶңֱۣҪ
ʱȫѿңһ´Ƥ֣˵ûô䣬鶼ˡ
ߵͷŽ£ˮʣԺǲòҪĻߺĵ㣿ҪȻȻѿǾ鷳ˡ
תůˣԵ㻹Ȥ
ûУ
ҡͷԼЦµİãҲеˡ
Ҫˡ
߻ȥȲغͼ˷һϢ
˵۾һˣǲǿԳŴԺͲɼˣ
ǵģ˸治㣬ҵֽˡ
ǰôãͺͺеʷʲݵζ
Ǹð죬ҪԵĻҿõӹڷֱӸһ
Ҿôһ˵㲻ôʵڣֵĻԣʷʲݾ˰ɡ
ʵûɫ߲˵ӣٶĺҲϨ߲˵ġ
һʵڲ̫ϲʷʲݣЭһ£վ㶹ѿ
ȥඹӣֻඹӣڼȱӣõѿû⡣
÷ѿòˮͿˣȽϸɾŪǵĿ
߰СӷŵϣýʪĲǰ
ůʪ£ӵڶͿʼѿˡ
ÿ춼µģ
ǵĶѿڷˣȥˡ
һγѿʲôţֻͺͱΣһ
һؾĶѿȴܵȫ˵Ĵӭ̵׶θɾˡ
ǿѰѿʱ죬ߺңʳȥιֻС࣬ȴֵµĺ֪ʲôʱ˶
ѵıƯںһ͵ضͻȻ
ʣײϸ΢
վںϣӭ洵ķ磬粻֮ǰǰ㣬÷·Ҫ˵Դ
һֱ۵ظܵˡ
ҪĶˡ


151 
̫, ǳŲ̫㣬Ҳû취ȥԡɼȡʵʳ
һֱڼҲûôף, ֻǼ򵥳һٻ
Ǽ涳ŵܶ, Իζ
ʵϣҲôꡣ
Ǽ֮Ի, Ӱߵϰߡ
رעعʽ, ֲ̫ΪʲôǺԸ, һһӲˣֺú졣
꣬ƺָֻƽ
ˡ
ܾԭҰʲô̫һĵطˣʲôݷڹϴ
ߵĸоǴ, һȥȻһ죬, ƺѾˡ
ϵĿϵĴشء
Ҳ˵׼쿪Ĵ, ֻ֪ĳңŵʱ, һƳҶһĨۻƣǻûüչѿ
ѿû죬ЩȻ, ֦ͷһƬӨӨɫ
վԶһĵط, ɫֱӿˡ
Ȳ̡
֦֮, վԼҵСɽͷ, ܿɽϱһƬ̣ǿݻơ
ĲᣬЩ⣬ǰһҲ֮
ʱҰϵѩûлɾΪѩԵʣһЩɴϢѾˡ
ľ࣬ҰѿҰСҲ֪ĸ˳֦ͷߴߴؽš
㿪˴վ£ȵԼϣóհɽµĵ翪һϷ̫ܳˡ
ңļ֧壬Զһ߲ˣɹɲ˸ɻԡ
һУһͷѣܲҪ𣿡
Űɡ
ϡߣǽȥ޺ţѼǨȥ
ʱȥι̫䣬ţѼǨǳ
ڼ﷽Ƿ㣬ζҲ󣬻ȽϳǺܾˡ
ڣֻ뾡ȫǨĸɾࡣ
˺Щûȣȥ˲ŷ֣ȥ䣬ﶥϵéҲεһ룬ЩҪ²롣
֮⣬ȿֵϪߵľ²˺ɽŵӶòˣ硣
ȲЩٷϴ˵ζ
ѲɽȣվţǰΪп
ңƽѾͶӣʼţйߣάȥ꽨ʱҪࡣ
˰죬˾ά޵òˣʵڲά޵Ĳֻ֣ܵȹҵϺ˵
߸˸ԼͶɹȻȥʯﻹʯ𣿡
һףӦùá
ǹˣҪ뽫зǱҲһĻǻȥﻻһ㡣
ĥһᣬˣȳ׿˵Դһʷʲҹ¶ȣʷʲӦܷѿ
ңĿͣ԰ȪǱߵľ²һЩ
˵⣬ָֹ²ˣǻ԰ӡͷȶһ
ĥţҲȫǵȪǱһһеﶼˡ
ңȻȥˣҲժһ־²ˡǰһӦҲˡ
Ǳˣֱȥɡ߱˵ԽĶϴ
ңЦҲûؼ·˵
ǲûؼ·ðڴŵĹ߷Żؼң˳ñ𣬵Ȼװ²˺
ɫ硣
ǺܾûôܵȪǱȥˡ
˱ΣɵȪǱߡ
֪ǲΪѵõ߸оԼȥҪһЩϣؿϳʳĸСͶࡣ
ǲȱԣæȥϴ裬߾㿴Ҳûģһңٷɿһ㡣
ңߴ٣ȻɿһЩķǿ
ڴŷ綼ˣޱȳ졣
ַһᣬǵִȪһرΣҲŴ·ֱӷ±ȪϣȵȪˮϴˬ
Ҹ걳
ãոǲȥˣ
ţ
ǷɵرǻᣬǲǼȥˣ
ǣһֿԳԵֲ
ףпԳԵֲ̲ˣֱ壬ʲôֲôûĶ
ңһЦһһΣһֳŽɫѿĳҶȥԹ˵ˬڡ
ˣ˵ոôɵôѾѿǻȥʱժһЩ
ժԶժһЩѿζ
ժµʳҲĥߴˣϴңһ·ңȥ;²ˡ
;²˾ͳȪЩֲûôĴݲУԽۡ
źıǣŲζ²һŨҵľ²㣬ûɲˣѾЩ²˵ζζ
;²ˣٱΣֱ˳ɽ·ȥժҶѿ
յʱûңϸҲûֳҶѿվڵϣŷ֣ǰһƬƽƽľ֦ͷۻɫɣȷѿ
ЩҶߣһ־Ϳ԰
Ҷɺܴ࣬ˮܸߣŲľͷĴУһ־ĴУǴۡ
ժѿҲò߲񵶣һۣš࣡һѿ㱻ժˣ֮ģһֶص㡣
߶ۻƵѿѿǲǿԣ
ûжζҲһ㡣
ԡ
ֲ˲ѿҧһСѿ˵Ҷ
˳оѿȷûʲôرζоеϣȻʲôζһζڿǻƲȥ
һĶ죬ܳôˮ|۵߲ˣζһ㣬Ѿ˾ϲˡ
ֵ߰طѿζ治Ƕժһȥ
ôһƬӣ㹻ǳԺܳһʱ䡣
Ҳժһ㣬ǿԳųԣųԣųԣʮֳԷˡ
˵ժһѿȥ
ֻдīڡ
λ׿Ǵ߲ˣҲǾϲȥȪǱˣôժô˻
;²ֵģЩѿջġǸ̵Ƴɳѿ԰
ԣѼǣ
Ȱѷϣˣأôû
ůȥϦȥˡ


152 
ߺңȥιֻСࡣ
ů, ˣֻһԵû࣬һǱˮ︡, ˦βǽȥ, ﻹĽ
߰һ¹Ķͷ߶ůһ, ǳȥ氡

ô, ﻵ˰ɣǿȥԶһĵط

ңԱЦ, Լﻵ˰ɡ
һﻵˡתͷԴյǰ, Լ, ҵ۾ûзҵ۾÷ˡ
һ
ҿ۾ûл
Цһ, ߿˿ɫ, ңߵȥ
ϵı, ֿʼں
ȻʱҲûȥ, ʵʵһ㲻ͬ, ߻ǱȽϲʵ㣬ﶳŵЩ㶼ιֻСˡ
תͷң, Ҫ𣿡
û壿
塣
ǾͺȣȻŵ㶹ӽȥ
ߣǸϽȥ˵ҿˮҪˡ
̵㣬ɱ, ŵͼһ, Ȼ󵹿ˮͶӽȥ, ཹһʢʱٷһлζˡ
ʿˮңȥΡ
ʱصػˮƽһĵطš
ĵطƷе㲻ͬ
һȻץƵ㣬ƽʱ㷴һûС
֣ôⲻһǲΪˣҲͬ
ҲбӺλѡ
֪ζô
߿㣬ֱóԣǲ֪ζǲҲܺá
ңȻȥһ֪
ֻؼңīǶڡ
Ҳڼ˿һ죬һֱûôţںòůץʱزͻͬʱҲﲿһЩ飬벿ļ
ڼתһȦȷֲں󣬺ңȥ
Ϊû̫ʵʳģǵķҲǺܾϸĲҪӡʷʲݺͼ⡣
ҵĻǺܴҲ̫ʢ
ǵȵڣǲŻ
ʣߣ֪֪Щʲôʱ
߾ŹôȻ̵飿Ҳ̫
ⲻǿˣȥùĶҲˣҪĻԻһµĶȥξͺƯ໻һ㡣
ҪεĻﻹһʯǵҲòˣȡһ
ֹΣҲҪģֲϡľʳȤС⡣ѾˣҲԶˣҺò׶ȹһܵףһ°ɣȻףǿ϶ٲ
ҾͲ֪ˣʱɣƴյǰİһȥְŰ
ת˸Ӱߵұߣ߶ʵҲˣȥ겻ǻܲƷ𣿻п壬ô˵ҪС࣬ӦҲ˳Ʒ
֪
˵ʨ᲻ȤҲþûˣˣܻ̽̽
һֻһֻȫԱ
ңʱӦûһˣʨӦҲ岻֪
һӦ׼ʲô
һ
е쿪ʼˮ
˵ʱ򣬰߽һˣ˲ȥǸǻûУ
ˣս˷䡣
Ѳ˶˳ȥ˳һ
ŶáǸԷ
ߴԱߵˮҨˮУְŰѷʢ˵Աߵϡ
ǻڳԷ
˵ĳʮůͣƵ͵Ҳܰ
һӱԷ
ŷͻûͣ˵ڲ顣
Ҳ˵Ϣ
߽ٷԵøĬͷβûӦͼ
ңüۡ
극ȥϴʰӡ
ңϰߣȻȥˡ
ͷãɫе㰵ɡ
˻صɽϵСҡ
·Ҫȥϴ裬ңʣ첻̫Ծʲô
ǵ¡һȻ˵ǿô
ʲôСꣿ
ǺԵһ־Ӫʽһ̶ĵطһ̣ϿɹĸƷҪпţֱöС
Щѵؽ̵ĸ
ϱӽӴ̵̫ˣСʴ̳Կ겢İҪ̵ʲôҲ̫ס
ңϸ꣬￪꣬ܿ
Ȼԡ㿴м˾Ҫ첻Ļÿ춼˻ҲǼСģ⣬ʲôܲ
ңȷʵ
Ҳֻ룬Ǽ˾ǿ̫ˡ
صģʲôϣ
ôûˣҪǳȥֱֹСҹðɣˣЦֻôһ룬ɲУǻϸ롣
Ĭ
ңº͵ؿΪʲô뿪ôһꣿ
ô󣬹⿿ǷɣҪɶã߱½Ҫǿ꣬ôǣͻˡǵĵҪһ㣬˵ָܻóԺõֲӻʵ
ҲԻ
ҪǲĻֻ̻ܿȶ׵Ҳ̣ƺûаǷֵ뷨෴Ǻ޲ðѷ򵽵סԱܳڸ⡣
˶٣ߵ˵꣬ǵȥͻи˺ǵĵ̣˵
һط϶ԴԴϵ˹طҪɫͻԽӷ١
˵رȽƫԶûʲôԵƣϣбĶԴݷ١
ңƬ̣ԡ
㿪Ҳ￪̫ƻˣǵð̵꿪ȥ
᲻̫鷳ǣ
ⲻ鷳෴ҸоǺ¡֮ǰʱֻ߱Ƚ徻ҪŪʲôҲᱻָָ㣬ûпǵ̫徻˵㣬Ǹ컹÷ԶҪǿ˵Ͳһˣ϶˹ҲܶһǸûôġ
ǵǵ뷨
ǿ϶ҪʣǿǺ˵ҵܺʣӶֳɵģҰһסҵķꡣ
ǵڣĲϻ࣬Ҫ濪Ļ⽨һ䷿Ӿˡ
ҲУǸǿ᲻ðҵķ̵ꡣǿԱ߽һ̵꣬ðѴŪһ㣬עɹ⡣


153 ｨ
˼, صѡһĵ糿˵¡
ĿԣͳһãȻ
ϵǵ, ׷, ϸϸһ̵صݡ
꣬ڴؿ֡
ϻǹãȻ
ָ˿, ɨ˵, ôǺô㷴Ӧ
һ뻻˸ơ
Щ, û, Ҫ½һ, ڷšƷ
ԡǿϽһһķӣλҲ
̵꽨ú, Ҫи￴ţ
Ҳÿʱÿ̶, ȥ, , ֤ÿ춼Ὺ, ӦþͲˣ˴󲿷ӦҲϻ, ҪȥԺͲɼ
һ̯Ǿûˣÿ춼ڼңרŰڼ￴ңǰҲûʲô̫𡣡
߿Ŵ̯֣Ƭ̡
ЦЦ, ǻʲô⣿
ûСǶû𣿰ʲô
īԺһᾡæꡣ
תͷ, û, ʣߣ㿴õĶҲҪ࣬ҪǻرÿλһС
һر֤û⣬һ԰¸㷢ʣ̫ܽ࣬Ȼܡʽѡ
ûܸξУûˡ
һ˵Ŀ˺гҲûʲô˵ˣ죬ܽ⼸ҺңϼӸӡ
īȥǻϡ
иǷӵĲϣȴ̫㣬שߡˮࡢʯҡȶҪȥٻһ
ԭֻȥ廻һ㣬֮ǰ˼Ҹ˷ӣ߽ϣǻһ㣬ǼҸǻһ㣬ǸǷҪõĲϲܴ࣬ܿ롣
û뵽Ϣȥ󣬸ӥ塢塢ȶ˽ϡѵĽϡ
ǻΧߣҪʲôķӡ
ҲûţϸϸԼļƻ˵һ飬ҵ˲ٽ飬кЩǷǳʵõĽ顣
СӣԼʻһķżлҡ
ϣ꽨飬ҲߣߣҪæӡ
Ұѩûлֲﲻ࣬ĶҲ٣һûʽʼԺͲɼ
߲þܾҵ飬ڼԷ
ǽ춳ŵóڿյϼԡ
ڵػˮ࣬ߴǽҸ˻ɣɵȻ죬ϢӸϹ
߼СɽͷΥ
߼ҵĲ׳һ˺ꡣ
û취뽨æϴˢ
һʳģ
ǣÿ˶ʵʵæ
ʵڸлҵ飬ûʲôʳģɴཫĴóӴϣըһ
⽴ըˣɿڣպ˳á
Ĺ˶⣬⣬ߵζһֽʳġ
ʳ﷭ཹð
ҸͷĻȥˮױҨˮϴɾ֣һҨһըõĽһպǳ֭Žζüˡ
վڹ߳⣬Ҩһȥ졣
ů⣬ֱͷҲð
ӣֳôһ⣬ǽһ̹
Щ˵ȥʱ򣬱ʾڶ˳ǴµĽ
߶ʾӭҲҲҪ̫ۡ
ǵˮҪŸɣæ˺ܶ࣬ǵķҲŽá
ӽñȰҪöࡣ
½ӣӵĿȺĿһӣʳ״ǽߣмһȴ󴰡
ǼεĵŪرƯŻƵĶʯǶˮϣ̵ֱ꣬һۿȥ⻨Ƶĵذ塣
ЩˮͶʯ̵ʽҵӦûˬ
߼޽õ̵޸п
ǰǻᣬһ˻סµôһ㣬Ϳʼˮ
ڣǲ޽˸ߴʵķӣůĻ𿻣һ̵궼ϱھɫ̵ꡣ
̵޽ˣ߿ʼҪʲô
ñӰѸ뷨дʱ뵽оơס󽴡顢ϡѼӡɡ衢ɳȡ
ÿƷ÷ֻ̫࣬ҪУʱͺܺÿˡ
Ʒֿ࣬ʼƻܵʽ
ϲǺ㣬㶤ľܣٰżչ̨ʱһÿֲڱˣװ̵
ʱ򣬰߽չʾ˿
רСϻͼܻôĴ¹붼˳
˴һȦ׷׶Ĺʾ͡
ã̵ʲôʱܿ
һ£ң˵ɣ
ң΢΢ͷͣЦʱ׼Ӧòˣǰ֪ͨңҿҵմ֡
īӻҪõĻܽң⼸һѻ
ЦллǸ֡
أʣҪʲô
֪ͨˣ㲻ǽιͻ˵һǰϢȥ㣬һʮţʮźŹʱǻ׼Сʳдҡ
û⣡ҪǽеĻʱ˿϶ǳࡣ
µ꿪ҵǲ˶ࡣ
Цأ
Ǹһ֣Ȱѻˣҹϣʾ̵ꡣ
ңʣô˵ǲҪ̵֣
ߺԥͽ̵ˣ
һ߶֡
֮ǰû˵̵꣬Ը̵ҲУţҲûʲôرĸо
Цһָңļ˾ǰߣǶˣǵ̵С̵ꡯϡʱǵҪǴȥȫ½˶֪½ľͷһȺˣ˵и̵ꡣ
ԭʲô֮ôһ˵ǰ½ﲻذݷ̵龰
ЩϺΪ˵̵֣ŲԶ
ôһ룬̵ꡱȷʵһ֣һİһ̵֪ôһµĺ֡
Ǿͽ֣ȥҿðӣдʲôң
ã¾ͽǸˣǷͷж׼ʱ㣡


154 ī
ңĲر, ǼҵǿľͷӾ
ľͷɫƫ죬ʵؼӲֳ, ߵȻ죬Żйɺŵľζ, һһľͷ
˫ֳϥ, վң߶ľͷ죬ľͷҪǹҵ̵棬ֱӹҵߡ
˵ʲôңƤı߽Ͻľͷϸϸɾִ·, ľͷμ˾µĲͿ, ٴ
֣Ҫ𣿡
۾, ʵ˵, Ҳ, , ԵҲûʲô飬Ҫ, , Ҳܳ󡣡
һᡣȻͼ
գգ۾ֱľͷ滭ͼô
ңվһ, ֱ̿ʻ, в
, ȥ̼
Ҫͼ
ðϱʹõĹźΪףһ䣬ɼʻʽСдһ㣬滭һֻ
ȥ̿ʹľǰ軭ңȥĥҪõĵ
ƽʱĥһЩǵѣѽ̵бĵڣͨĵһĥĥ̵ںڷǷ
߼ĥõ˻˲ͼľת˸ô
ңľ塣
ľʻԸӵĴֺһֵֻļСľ忴źƷһңػס˵Ŀ⡣
ңƷƬ̣ͷ
̣̺̼ۣڡ
á
ңľ棬ʼ̡
߶ԱҲûߣͿһ̻
ң̵ֺܳȥ֣Ӳľ̶ͬһһȥľ
ɻֱһܡ
Ҳѿ̣ң죬ҵ̺ã˳һҵı߽ǡ
ҵͼȥ߽ľ̿ĥϸ̼ۣѡ̵ꡱϣʯġ
һҵɫ죬акڣĿ
úһΧǰ¶˾̾Ŀ⡣
ңҲǲóĶ
üëһÿɣ
˵ˣ죬ҹȥ
ұȽأīȥӹһſϷ˶ӣҹȥ롣
ˣվſǰ棬ʼˡ
ң̧ͷۣͷˡ
ߵãҲòˡ
Ҫڸ䶼дľ壬ǽľ廻öӶϣһܺܲĻܡ
ԭںԺһ磬ңо¿԰˵ܻꡣ
ꣿѩ𣿡
Ӧ꣬һѩѩ
ǵøϽĹ߶ջȥ˾ˡһµķյ
԰ѻҲȥ棬춼Ҫᡣ
׼ƷĶܶ࣬Ӱ˵ģʰҲס
һʰһ߿ϵ裬εô񣬹Ҫºü죬ǻǰԭƻ̵ꣿ
ǵȻ߻صϢȥˣڳǱ߶붼Ѿ֪Ҫ£ʱĻʱ䣬ҪԼȴһգ಻á
죺϶û֡
ңûϵ²󡣡
Ҫ꣬ץʱѸĻ꣬һֱɵҹ
һ죬߸оͷӶɢˣȥϴ˸裬ڴϣů͵ޱң۾˵첻Ҫ𴲳Է˯Ȼѡ
֪˯ɡ
һ|ҹΣμǵ̵꿪ܺﲻԶڴ½һͷǶϹ֡
У˯ø죬˯ˣҲһֱ΢Ц
˭֪û𴲣͸оһһֱߣѣˡ
üͷһ壬űһ߹ͼ㿪
û뵽徻Ƭ̣Ǹ겻ɢزĳˣһˣɾҪˡ
ǿؽ۾һ죬ǰɤӵʲôˣ
ң㻭ͼȫˣ滹ˮ۾Ͻȥ
ҺӾֻ϶شߣһˮλƵģˣȴ޷˼
ֱ˯ˣҸ·Ͻϣȥ
ңأ
ûܴϷѩȥˡҸҲûҵ
߱º˲Щ
˻Դ˵ʲôôˣ
Ūˣǻͼȫˡ

ȥ֪ˣر󣡡
²ˣоЬӣȥ
һţ㿴ɣȫ񶼽ˮУɽúܴӣߵǱߣĿ֮ȫһƬʣִˮ⡣
һڣˮֱθˬǵд⳹ײˡ
û뵽Ȼţëϸ꣡¶ˣ
֪һ𴲣Ѿˡ˶ãǸϽȥ㿴һ۾֪жˡ
߼żҶൢ飬˺ܿصļ
վڵǰ棬ſҡ
ȷʵˣʯһֻ⣬ֶӡ
̼۲ϸ壬ˮһˣɿ飬µΣɵģԵе
ȻҲֻǰ׷ҪվԶ˿ʵùȥ
߱վǰ˼
һô죿Ҫһ𣿡
ǵء̼۱ȽϴɾɫС˿Ʈͷϣͷ·е㳱һͷüƺҲˮ飬ʲôɫ
뵽취𣿡
뵽ˣƵīͺáһ֪ҾͲ͵֮ǰīŪʲô¶ûˡ
īʲô
˵īʱõǻǸֵһȫû塣
̼ƵĶ磬ҰѼﲻõȫɾóá
أ
ȥͺߡ
߶īİдëֵ˶īİϺϷжӴīīҲԿһһīСī
ܶī̻ƣҪû̻ңҲ˻˶ùңҹˮĥȣǼ׵īˮ
ܿ챧һ
ǼҶʳȽģ־ͣǳ࣬ó
ﵹַͣšɹɵߣȥǱ߱һϸ
Ѳżܵģװ͵棬뵹ż棬żߣһɳ©պȼڿ
·ôһ룬ɻʣˣ
У򻹶أʱܲܰй꣬ī
߻δ䣬ƳңͰϷѩ
ֻԵ÷ǳãңȥΪܵͦ죬ϸ꣬ǵĳëƮԵݡ
ҪֻǳԵúãצӺǴ׳ȰϱӼǽ׳ö࣬ëҲࡣ
߶ǵë۾һǰȥӭң̽ͷͰ￴ǻˣץ˶㣿
ûкܶͰµˮˣµ󡣡
Ҳпǻٳɶ࣬ô֧ˮ۵µˮ벻󶼲С
˵ŶϷһ¡
Ϸǳ׽ɫͷơ
߱ķ¶ϷʵĶ䣬Цһ£ǣ
ңüëһֿ°ŵЩ룬Ҫʲô
Ūī֮ǰ˵ġŬŬ죬㿴ǵңΪ̼۲ϸ壬ѾˣҪŪī軭֡
ǲҪ֧ʣ
㻹ǵðԡǵ֧ʣϧûëˡ˵ߣߣë׵ĴǣͷЦңιǡ
ң˦β˦ֻһۣҪҪ㰴ţ
ڣӦûһЩ
ߴͷǵǷ£СˣҳСᡣ
ȫûǴһĶԻָʲôϵЦݣĬĬԶһЩ
ңܿѹƬȥ˹
Ϊ˷ͷǽʳնС飬ͷרõķ˹
ϷͰѩΪʲôͻȻӲͣӲͻǷǳˣΧڰԱߣ˦β͡
԰ɡһ£ͷǳ㡣
ϷѩվڷǰԵͷҲ̧
ͷȽϴ󣬰߿һʱԲ꣬Ҳż
üץϷβͣβһëŵȻǶͱ棬һë
ϷͷɵȫûԼİëëѾһ֣ڳԵͷҲ̧
߸ѩëʱ򣬰ѩҪ|һЩعͷһۣĸצӲض˶
߰ļ㲻ˣƵؿŰ߶֡
ûǵëֺ񣬼֮һۣȫëƤ
ˡİѩĲӣЦ԰ɡ
ѩûɫͷ͡
Ĳӣ治ˡ
ѩȿ߰Ѽûطźãµͷʳ
ѩľȷʵϷߵöࡣ
ͷǳԱȥˣһˮСëĸëŵȥϴ
򵥵ϴë룬ٴ޼ÿëĸ롣
ëͷǵĲͬλгж̣Ӳ߰Сĵطľϣӽ룬ȥë
̫ڸʲôԱ߿֣ëᣬ֮󻹽ÿëſСųһƬƬֽЩƽƬȫһƬƽ
Ҫʲô
ǻȳơߴҳԼһ㣬Щëң磬ҰóſҪϸ

ϸͷ˿ֲ˶٣·ߡ
߽õëһ𣬿ճľ壬ð߰ľϡ
߷һëСİϣڸ˼ȦϵһģԲ׶һëͷˡ
ëͷպˮڰд˼֣ëͷдַ|⣬ߣ֮ȫ
Ⱳӵһдëֵ֣Ϥıʻɶ˶٣ͣ˻ᡣ
ۣһµëͷд˺ÿ֣ˡ
硣ëȻϱʹܡﻹ֬ҵ֬ճһ¡
ң֪ʲôʱվǵĶԻӻȥá
߻ͷһЦ
ңͷͷһ£ҲŰƯ
ëһһ֣֬˺ʵ֦ʸˣͷڱʸ
߼ëȽ϶࣬һ֧ͬëʳ
Ʊʸѩ׵ëʼ⣬ľһŰڿǳۡ
߶ëһᣬͻȻЦ
ЦĪЦʲô
ûʲôЦҡҡͷ
ϱڵʱḻùǺʣǻëĶëƣⱲҪʲôûʲôõëʵëˡ
֧ëһ磬վ˸ȥǼżϵ롣
еĵƶţ۵Ѿ˲̻ҡ
ľƬ̻ҹεһɾ˴롣
ңʣЩīҪôŪ
ȰȥõţƤ㽺磬Ƥӷĸţ
Ǹ㽺ڳ
ȥһ㡣
߼ҵĶƷܶ࣬㽺ţƤ飬չˮʱٵ̻һܡ
ʱ߸ɴ˸˳ȥιֻСࡣ
æ꣬ٳ극ҹĻѽ١
ѾˣߴңͰٹһ̻ңȻ󽫰Ľһִε̻УȽ裬Сʯз
Щر飬һֱڴǷң
õīŷõģУƳīɡ
ʣһ߽ϣ߼ˮĥī֭
ī̼֭ˮϸö࣬Ũ
ңԽժϴɾֿ̼ۣòɣëʽֿ
ңշǳã̳֣ʷ涼УͿ̼ʱЧһ㣬ī֭续㾦㣬Ҷ÷ǳһ
Ƕǳ|Уһ˵ҿһ
վԶһٿܾûʲô
ңվһ飬ʲô
߱Ȼһ£еգǵǿڱһССӡһ
ڱϴǷ̫ˣٲϣýҷŵһٹȥ
ߵͷҿУ죬Ҹˣʼˢһ㱡֬ͲٱˮŪˡ


155 
ǿҵ١
һǸ, һ̫ɽǱ߳½ƣյһƬá
Ϊ̫, Ҳȷʵ쵽ˣƵϺů
ߺңú, ǿҵĴӣϻӡ
Ǵ, õ֮ǰȾĺ첼, Ƥ, ȶҪ, ϺܷԵӷס
ңԲ˵Ǽ˾ʷͬһ, ֳд, ļã޳̺ű, һ鲼ÿᴩϾķƵӡ
˵м䣬ǰ߼, ңĳҲɫһҡ
˭˶ɡ
ңɫվ˿ѷɫ
߱һҪ߲٣پ, ƤܰףɫкܴĲͬ
Ϊûôȥɹ̫, ֮ǰְ˲, ƤһֹࡢĽס
ƤԵúҫ, ϺɫӣĵͬһվƲۡ
˻û
ڰԱ߶Ŀⲻסϣ᲻ƿۡ
һؾʱ̲סĶӵıԺӺÿٸһײͬɫġ
ҪˣпգЦһ£ȥһ»ϵƷںûУ
ںˣ첻㰢ڣںˡ
ߵ浣ƷûŪãֻеţϾǵһ̵ꡣһ£ǿѹǵ㽹ǣôûٽȥ
ɫһ߼ҽ緹Եر磬ιˣպˣֻǶѵùԹſȵ£צӵԴѩ׵Ľŵ档
ɨܣʵûб¿ɸɣڼȴš
ˣΣ֪˶ãͻȻֵĺڵ㣬۾һվ֣죬ˣȥݲ裡
Ǽҽе붼ŵڷˮ͵ſдˡ
ƺҲǵ̵꿪ҵɵúܿ죬һգۣʹʷɵɽͷ
ౣౡ
ָ
ϳĻ飬ԭƴϻ֣ЦŴ󺰣
Ǻ䵽ϱΣһߴƤӣһ߸˵ܹ˵

ۣӾ̵ÿ
ŵĶöడ
߸ҺѣкǺȲ衣
ԽȺǰվԱ˵ǴһЩףǡ
Щȵ̽ͷۣô
µʲôöһЩƤɣǲ⡣
ܣַһȺյغɹ
ӥˡ
ӥһأɽӥʣջǵһ£ôɵøˣǱ˭ȵߴ߰
ͷҲأʲôǾǱг⡣
ǵĲñȽԶҪҲô͵ˣŲϵڡɽӥ꣬תߣߴˣӥҲǴЩĴ
ӥôһ˵̵ߴˣģȰǴ̵С
ɽӥҲȥһû̵ӣҵʲôÿ
˵ʱ˶˹ȫ̧ͷҺ󣬱һ󾪺
ǻɣá
ǰǲǴǰ壿
ԱʲôµĻƣ
塢̡ꡱֶӦʵ˸⻭ʲô
̧ͷЦľң滭̵֣ꡣ
ɽӥɤŵϳֻ񣬻ǰɣβ𲻳ͷҲûͻڡ
ЦЦֻÿ嶼أɫͰأͺӥЩߣȽǱĻ
ǲǵһ ⣬ϵĻ翪ˡ
ң̵߳æкͷк˽ȥ
ǸŶӽ̵ꡣ
ǻϷŵǷڶǺ첼ʣµƷĿÿֻ̫࣬³̶ȴ˾ȡ
Ǽȫ΢ͣ˫ĿŻܡ
ʣߴˣЩصΪ׼𣿡
˵ÿ˶Իȥ껻ƥһֻҪҸȤʣͿ
ӥվںһ߸ӺߴˣڻҴ˷ۣ
Ȼԡһָſڣҿʲôõſ̨ϣȻһ̨Ӻ棬һ
ߵĿɨȺҪǶԻϵƷʣҲֱùȥǱҡ
΢΢ţҲң
ЦԣҲҸ硣䣬ʲôϸ
߱ȱ˵磬෴ﶼܺ顣
ֵȺжһۣ˴΢΢ͷϵЦݸתͷкˡ
ǻϵƷǳḻЩƷǼҶУҪ̵Ľܡ
һƷȥ˳㸽Ľ˵
̫ԽԽߣ塢塢βȼ½½ˡ
߼ұȽԶҲǺܶ࣬һ⣬˺ͷʯ׵ȣÿһֶǸز
Ǹ˵شյȺƷȥˡ
߻صſڵ̨Ӻ棬ңһ
ңļ촽΢̫ϰߣ
áߵ΢ɲ죬һͺˡȻһ𿴿
½˽Ŵ˻ˣ̵꼷
īβˮֽڵĴȫ򿪣úǹɳƵůźЩ
Ʒˣ˵˫ĿƷƷӿߺңڵ̨ǰϲҪǽ
ÿ˱ﶼװƽµĺЩʣһȿֺӿӣ͸ǰĸϼһ
ߴˣЩܻ𣿡
ԣ쿪ҵܱ˵㣬ʮһݣպð
ߴˣҪӣ㿴ܸһ٣ҵʶˡ
ҿ

һʼȥ׼ģңߵѡ
ͨʻ÷ɿ졣
վ̨ǰųһĶ顣
ʵʱ̵Ȼɧ
ߺңͬʱ̧
Ŵ峤Ҳ̧ͷ峤«͸峤ɽȺֹǸʲô
ҵķ÷
վҪȥ˽ⷢʲô£һ·СŹߣƷûˡ
ʲô
ϵƷˣ
쳤ӣŵʣôƷȫˣ
ңԱİߵĺȥ
۾һңϣ϶ز鿴һʣ˶ӣң΢һͷ
˼´ҹȥ
ߴȺһȥǱߣֻ׼õʮܻȻѾȫˣƬҶӶûʣ¡
Ȼüʱš
˺͸ڸ峤Ĺ֮£ѾԺͣ˫һʣһøҪˡ
ߣ˶̫˼
߶˶¸Ц⣬кǣ˾ͺãȻԸ
ϵĻ̫ˣ綼ûлͶ˳ȥÿ˱ﶼװа߼ҵĻ
ԭֻףû˼û뵽ڻôܴһӭ
ﻻ꣬к۲͡
ѾܹԺͲɼȥ궬촢ʳӦóԡ
߼ҲģڴڹͲˣְ˽ҳԻ
ص㲻ص˳ĿݾƳҺȡ
ݾִֿ̼ڱУܸоһӿ
صľҺõκһ϶̼
Һǵ˷һѻûһᣬԷ˵֣֣߿ĸ͸ʮԶ
ƺŴĵֹۿֵֻˡ


156 
ط, ԭҰһƬɫ
ߺңȥҰˣڵҰ˸ðһѿ, ûпζҰ˲ô⿣һˮϵ, ζͷǳ
߳ŸҰ, ְѴŵĴ, ǳʱҰȤ
ҰʱҲô죬⼸, Ұ˾ͻѸٳ󣬱ֿ, ٳԣҪץʱ, Ұ˻, һ㡣
Ұ˾ʱԲҲûϵ, ˮɹ, ҲԷ̳ƣֱӿɡ
ЩҰ, Ʋӵʱ, Ϳ԰Ѹֲ˸óԡ
ߴˡ˾ˡ
ɽϲҰ˵ʱ, ͻȻһںǡ
һ, ̧ͷ, ֿң
ң̧ͬͷ, ϶˵Ǵ, ڽǡ
ǲڸɼ
ֱľ̽ͷңһȦûпˡ

˺ȴҲԴ
ɻңĺӣһָɽµĺӹȣ԰
˳ָķһºӶ԰
ӹѾԶˣвľӳֲһʱ俴塣
ٿŷ֣Ӷ԰һȺ˺񣬰̫޴Ϲվڻĵʱ򣬿Щλá
ǰˡ
Ӷ԰ƴ֣߷ǣ˰ַ״ߴˣǳɼҰ˰
ǰǱʲô
ģ峤˵غӿģֲ˱ȽϷ㡣
ԭҼҵĲ˵ؾڲԶҪǼǱ߿ģ˵ǵĵػϡ
֪ո峤˹ȥһءߴˣǿĵʱҵҰҰȻһ㰡
ôȥˣøҰˣǽҲɵ˺ܶ࣬ûȥ԰ɡ
˫̫Զʵ̫㡣
ߺɽµسɤӽһͨɻ
תͷң֪ǰæô£ȻҪȥ
ңͷ
̽ͷɽ£ٵû뵽￪Ѿˣ꿪Ļĵࡣ
ңȥ궬ô䣬ֲ̼ҪһЩ
¡һǸоֲȫһЩȫɼĻϿԷԸԣȻòҪ첻ԸԣǾˡнţǰԼҪһЩֵĶֲ࣬ȲɼҪá
ĿѾӡ
С󡢵ӡݡܲӡźӡн⡢ҧʷʲݡʳﵽ߲ٵֵĶѾܶˡ
ҪǺúֵأ㲻ȥɼҲᱻ
ߵϡع㣬ӹҲ֣÷̫ϣֻҪģȥע⽽һˮһвջ񡣡
ңֵͬػܽԼʱһġ
罨ӣ
罨ӡ
һ·ؼҡ
ǻصҵʱ򣬼˻ûлͷҲڡ
Ǹǻûлȥ￴һ£ڼһȦתͷңո˵Ǹء
߰ɡ
ֻСĺôǳŵʱԼɣֻСȥҪȥĵط
ȥֻСࡣ
ͰˮһʱͿˣһˮ︡ˮȦȦ
Ա߶һ°ˮԴƤϣȻ쳤ȿϣȥ˵ظ
ˮͷԲĴ۾ź˳תԴóǲ°ߵСȣʾá
ЦԴһ¡
ңҲˣǳ
ֻСָӣתԴ˦βںɿ
ǼҵĲ˵ﲢǺԶһͿԼҵĲ˵أҲڲ˵æµǡ
ԭΪ˵ǼҸָһ˹æû뵽ô࣬˵ʮˡ
߼һûʽʼҲڣͷ峤¡
ǿǣ׷ЦǴкѾǷˣҲɾˣʱֱӲ־С
ߴӰˮϷϰ˵Ҳ̫ˣôæصعǸ
ԽڶߺңͷǾڸģҲû٣˳ֵ¡
ллҡ߿Ǽҵĵһֿۣң˵̫鷳ˣҶеˡ
û£ͷǵʱҲûо鷳ظˣȻȥ
áǡˣ峤ǼͷصţȻѾæѵظˣţҲţҪȻǰţȥģ
ԥһ£˸˵ؽӻ۲Ǽҵţܾˡţغ𣿡
áǰУ˱ӣִ󣬼һϣţӦ񲻹ǡ
òżˣһ˾ͿԡߴˣҪιʲôι۲ݣ
۲ݿԡ̫۵ĻԸһΪӲ͡
¼Ҷͦģƾܾȥǣţ
ˬشӦС㡣
뿪
ߺңڵ￴һ£ǰǸظúϸеĵطһ鲻˵Ѵ鶼ˣǼҵɡ
µñȽ϶࣬ЩָˣһؼֱϺõɿ⡣
ظôã϶ܻ÷ա
߶һ겻ʩ׷ʣ¢ȻͿԲˡ
Ȱϣ
ԣӡݡܲˮҪٵһȣȫԿʼˡ
֣ٿʼ괺Ѳӡ
ȥأ괺ҾͲһѲˣҰ̵ʰ
̵ƷǰһգװλܵһЩСƷȥˣﱸµĻ
촨ǾͳȥɼݺҪõĲˡ
Сൽɽµĺӱߣٲлؼҡ
ǻûеɽϣѾǻˣܳӭǣߣңոӥ˹ûнϿԻٻһ󽴡
ʱûУû졣˫űıǻ𣿡
ɫ̫Ѿȥˣ˵ٹһˡ
Ǿ˵ɣˡߵԺң֣ʾһ£תͷˣǸǽǸˣţһȥء
ӳ߳ôȻǸأ
ǿĿ˸ǻûпһ
ң´εû飬ҶףҪռıˡ
֪Ƚţǿģǲ֣ж٣һӻز䣿
ҿС
æҰˣʱѴ¡
ҷͷɼҰ˻Ϣһ£ϴҰˣһæ
ǽҰϴ˸͵ĹӳҰˡ
ʱԺӶƮһɬҰζ
Ұϴ̺Ҫŵɹɡ
ڴ죬ÿ춼Ƕ죬ڼɹҰˣ˿ҡ
ֵĹȽϼ򵥣һֻһͰӶˡ
ֺңҪȥѲأ߱е˿Σ˳ҲɹŵҰˡ
߷ǵ̵겻֪ʲôʱС
ԭΪֻ̹ʱǲŻдģ׻ƽʱ弸Ͳˣû뵽춼š
ΪصƷıء
֮ǰȥɼΪԭ򣬴󲿷ʱֻܲɼ︽ʳԴӿ˸С̵ܻ꣬ɫʳĲ˷ḻࡣ
ûС̵֮ǰڵ˲١
ڼȽ϶࣬Ҳؿꡣ
ȡڼǵ벻š
ȻҳŵʱȽ϶࣬ҰȥԺͲɼһܡ
磬ڼҿ꣬˳ɹҰˡ
һҰˣʱҪһ棬ҰȲȻᷢù
վǰҰ˷淭רĵʱиסߴˡ
ֶһ£תͷ£һһ峤ôûʹҳȥԣҪʲô𣿡
µ顣
ʲô£ô֣أ߷еҰˣк¹ȥǰЦȲ衣
ллڰ߶棬˵ʱ伸ÿ춼ڼ￴ꣿ
ͦʱҲǸڿ꣬ôˣ
ģĵѾһʱ䣬㣬Խһ׶ˡ
߶Է̫˽⣬ãȻһͷʾ¼˵
µæŴԺͲɼһѵ˿ˡһ棬ҲʼõѬա
ƶǶǵʲôңȥѲȥˣ
ǳ⡣²̫˼˵ڼڼңеѵǲߡ
æȵȣʲôʱΪ˲ߣ
ǰ²̫óԴǣϣĺӳһ飬һ°ѵвС
ôһ£߸оͷƤ飬־ܾ²Уô൰չ˲á
ôչˣǴͺá
ô˵ҪһСĵأ
ǿǵ
ĵ  
滹̣ҪһСģ͵óΪǧˡ
һԼСŪŵӣٴΰ֣ĲС
ϵıе⣬еʧ
ߵæܰᾡĲС
죬˵ʲôҲû˵ֻҪ㿼һ죿Ĵ𸴡
죬ҹƲ̫У鷳Ҫ²СĻѵˡ
ôˣ²⣬ôʵ
һСĿ˲ˣ
ᣬѾʶˣԾΣա˵һҲãҪҴԣ
˰ɣ
²ԥץס˵ô˵ˣȥԣٹ
¿ǳıܾӦϽ˼ηˣӰеĶӵļơ
գգֵۣͷԼ֣˫ôչ˵ӡ
īһ԰˵ҽ쿴峤ˣ˵һ㿴¡
ţ̧ۿīȰ𣿡
ûСīҡͷ˵ȥ룬ܻԵе⣬Ǹһ¡
߶Եͦ죬Ͼô񵰣ֻǲĵ
ͷҪ˵ʲô
īƺĬĬ֯ԣһ£˵ĵƽʱԵĵ̫һ
߻һ£ϴʱܸоƽʱԵĵȷʵһͬصͷ
īŵĵȽϽʵ
ǿ϶ôƽʱԵĵ˲٣ôҲʵ㡣
Ҳû顣
īտѣֻҪǷһԹ̶ĵطҪ
ŵ
Уܴ
ʣԶ
ЩȽϵƤ
Ա߹ǸĿİĶԻʵܲˣһīļ򣬡˵Щ
˵괨תͷ԰˵õ̫ࡣչ˵̫ģҶлҪɣ㿴Ҳǰѵһ䣬õ˵о¾С
ãȻͷ
֪˼Ϊµز۵ж𣿡
ʮ
һûСڵƿǳȫˣ峤ŵһ֪ˡ
ôȳ֮ȫ
Ǻܰȫ˵һ¡˵ٿҪҪܾɡ


157 
ңû, ɽ̫壬ɽɴɽ˯
ķ仹, Ҳʹãı춼ܸˬ˯ʣҲ˰ġ
ڶһûӭײϱ󵰵µĻڼ˯һ쿰һ졣
վڷſ, ͷգֿվǰ£峤ôô磿ò첻͹˰ɣ
ȻỹҪȥ, µ顣½еĵߵ˵ݣҸ˵ĵһ֪ˡ
߿ĵֿһߵݵʱʶغһ
Աϴ, ⶯, ߹һļ, ö㣬ֲҧ, ʲô
ʿˮҸոտ͹һ顣
Сŵǰɣͦ
ǰ, ְѵߵ˵, ϼ顣
ߣ
, ŲŽŲǰȥ
վڵǰ棬һͷֿ£̧֣ŽɵؽƷڵ档
ǵĴЩȶֵԣָŵ棬ܸо洫
۾ȥֵµʲô߼ֱҪΪһ˵ĶƤ
̼
ǿסĳ嶯ִһµ̧ͷ£ȷʵǺܴоЩ֡
ҪҪһ£
ң߲ס˴괹ָ
½ŵٵ|ǰһ
ԻôôƵģ
ĵ²һ䣬ͷŵ
ŵĴС࣬Ҳ࣬һƫۣһƫס
֣ƫ׵ǿŵ
ĵصôãڵȵ̧֣ؿڵλãֱӽĵ
һµˣæ˫ֲãŵα|ǰСġ
µصõĲ̫ģǺܺô
߱ǿŵ¶ҹͬ顣
еĵʱը|һ
һʱҶƬ̣ŷӦ⵰Ĵв̫Ծ
ģȥǳеԣڻһƤ|
һᶯᶯ
߶һ£ʶҪŵӳȥܿʶ⵰Сӣӳȥһ£ø
ֱ΢΢һգһĵƤ΢΢Σͬʱһ΢ġߴ
군
ἷ˰ɣ
Ǹİæͷĵ
ǵúõģǹ⻬ƽûѵļ
ֻǣһߴǴĴģ
һλãǲˣ
˵µûУոռһ£顣
ȵȡĺӻУ
ȻѾһǵĻҪǻлᶯҲصذ͹
ԭˣֲðĽӺڿͿʼ
߱ŵɫӡ
¿רעõģԸһ￴ţ¡
Ҳ̫ᡣʣܰŵ𣿡
ԣѾ÷ŵûϵֻҪ̫þС
ҲġὫŵϣźõʱػԱߣҳؿֵµĵҾͷһ£
˵ŵϵĵܾõһ£๾ֱӹʮס
ۼֿ죬Ҫȥ׽ǿŵ
æ˫ֽ
ƺˣŤһ£滹΢ġߴһ
Ƣͦ
ֱŵһᡣ
͵һᣬ˫ϤţԶнʵҲƤ
߹ƵС̸Ҵǵ̲࣬һЩ򵥵Ļ򵥵ĻӦ
ͦ档
߸ͬµ󣬽˲ĵ
ʾЩڼ¡
ڣᱣ֤İȫصؽ̵ʲôҲǳȥ
ʮָˣӦÿϻһѵ͹ٰѵӻȥ
Ϊ˷㿴ܣ廹ͷˤʱѵŵͺѵܡ
嶯ô󣬰߼ҵ̵ʮܻӭÿ춼кЩ˹߻ˣ߽˰廹ڵС̵Ϣܿʹ˳ȥ
ӻڵѧĶޣ彫͵ߣһοϣߺң
嶼飬ʵĽ
ҲĺӶ׽ߺңܲѧ˵½ͺãӥ壬Ϊ׽ߣﰵ˲ٺô
ϢԶɽӥһţҲ뽫͵Ӧꡣ
ɽӥŵʱصشһһСΪ̬ŵúܵͣͦĵҲ࣬ر¡
ţⲻǰµ⣬ûʲô顣
ɽӥû£ǵĺӱȰĺӻƤʵһЩطǴžͺá
ӥĻ˵ˣջǴӦ
һĵǿһҲǿʱ̵ŹûţܲڴӴȥ
ͬӥͬʱǿͿ£ĵҲͰæ¡
ɽӥֺǺǵشӦˡ
߿ͷû죬˺ʹҲ󽫵͹߲Ҫ˱ˡ
ȻԶһЩλ˵İ֮һ
Щ峤һһ˵
Ϊңİ£ȷʵ̫ƫĳ壬ֻͳͳӦҲʾֻæ£̵ֻȥ棬ÿһ
ʾܽܣֻҪæͺá
ңѲһ㷢̵Ϣңƺڵ
Ųһ£ϸȴ̵ַʮְ״
վ̵泯￴ȥֻаһվڹ̨ǰڱдʲô
ơңô
߷Ե̧ͷң¶Цݣϴվ򿪴ʴңˣȥ
СңҲЦոˣ
ģôˣ
ζЩҡ
ǹƲ˵⣬Щһָ䣬峤ǰܲܽĵ͹һʱ䣬Ҳѧ㶫
ңһɨﲻֹĵ
嶼͹ˣһΪ·Ϣ
ֻѲأûȥ岿䡣ӥȼý˵Ҳģ
ÿ˹һ̯֣ǽ͹ˣҸտʼգû뵽˵
ңƿ̵߽
ǽĵƺܵϢءߴߴϸ
æվߵǽߣĵ
ǽ˺üÿĵһȥĵоĸ|еıȽϰֻüһЩеıȽϵƤֱӹײġ
ʵͦɰ
߰군ң˵ϢϢ˳㿴ǣȥ
˵Ҫţңʱңץס󣬽һ˫|֮䣬̧֣ģұһᡣ
߰ӱأ˸ǡ
˺üû˴˶໰Ҫ˵˵ĵҲ˵һľ档
ң˵γȥѲӵļţ˵ѾشĴء
˵úСԾһӵĵ
ǵǲʱʱмߴߴм䣬ƺںǺӦ


158 
ߴߴϸϸĽڡ
߿ϴ˯, Ӵббսϣյů
˶ߵߴߴ, ۡ
˾Ŵĵڰ߼, ôʱ䣬㹻Щ졣
ЩƤʵú, ̵ŹˣǸȥصġ
תԴ˯
ߴߴеĵǼ, СȵŲλãҲ˯ˡ
ңһ, Ϳſ˯㣬ΧһȦ׵
Щ, ĳǽ, ʵʵΧм䡣
и˰ϥϣů|ȡ
ңſڶһ, ᱧߵĵŵ, ô˯
˰ߺӦһ, ֱ۾ͻȻе㷸С˯һ
Ҵ˵ݮȻҪǵݮ𣿡
ĵݮóʱûˡ
ңԽŵıǰ
ջŵ, ֻһϺڵĵݮƹô, ͬһſű͸ıʯ
΢սһЩ, ŵһɵݮеζ
ζԵعǻ, ̼ˮҪˡ
һ, ֱӽͷһ֭ˮŽ𣬻йŨĽ㡣
óԣժĵݮȥժĺöˡ
ȥڵݮĵط
ףǿ̫ܶ䣬ݮȥ궬ûһֽŽҲ𡣡
Լ
Ҳԡͦóˣĵݮ𣿿ԶժһЩɹԺĨĨͷƬ
ȥժ
ȥɣǸǻǿȥժ
ԡ
ݮɱǵݮ￴һᣬȥԺӡ
߼ҵȥ궬켸ȫˣһǼұȥȪȪֵ˻ھںԺ
ȥʣµҲûпû뵽һЩԭΪ˵ӣ̣µѿ
Ŷ̶̰£ֳ
վǰѡѡһϸ֦
ӻǰԺ̵ңյˮһ
æ
㿴ŵͺãǹһСĹǾˡ
ôɵ
ң˵꣬кſµͷǣϷѩǿŵҪǵҹ
ߺЦ𣿡
ң˵
ңһ䣬Ǻ͵ͬʱ飬ءߴ
߹Ц
ͷǿ鿹飬ʵʵſſڡ
ÿеҪǾצһѵ̵ȥ
ǶֿᣬſЩһ򵱹أĪƣ漱ߴߴУҲûа취ͻΧ
Ժ˻𣬽гɹУˮֱˮ¹ʼ
֦ͬʱ˰ѵݮŵľͰϴ
ϳĶǸɾôϴˮ飬ǸɸɾĹӡ
ߵеݮ̵ˮңļһ£ȴݮȥõǳǡ
ǹ̳ǲûжˣ
ŵһ̳ӣ滹һ̳ӣһ̳ó͹ˡ
ܽǡ
ǼסôãܵĶԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽڽȥЩûط½š
߽ȥ߰ȷŵϣһӽװǵǸӡ
̫࣬ڹм䲻̫ñƽ⡣
ڿҪӽһ̳ǵʱ򣬲֪ôģһ£ʶؽֳߵĹ뱣ƽ⣬û뵽һ˱ϵǸӡ
顪
ˤķѣĶضǡ
߶ŵϵĹӣһʱе¡
ң첽߽䣬û°ɣ
û£ˤ˸ӡĶˣʰһϳ
æڵϰ£Ķ
һ¹ȥ궬Ҫ޻ʱصش¹¹ɹá
¹굯޻ҺһţһʱҲûбô߱ŵܷװá
е¹е¹ǷǳеԣָҲܺá
ŵǰһ£һЩ¹͸ǳͨ͸Ư
鱦ʯӦûͦÿ
롣
ͷڰԺһܿ콫¹ŵĹպãǹ߳ȥ档
ңչʾĵݮѾˡ
ھͰǣҪһǿǣǱһģ
һģʡǡ
ȻʧЦҲʡҸոմ򷭹ӣ¹ˡһʱ䣬¹øƯ鱦ʯӦò
죬ûпˣϪİװӦóòˡ
аһЧҪЧãǽ껹һ
˵Żؽǵݮˡ
ĵݮֱִıǿǣһҧȥۿڸлζһ
߸ϷͰѩһڷԼſһ߿УǶǹĽ͡
ݮҲûʲôҪˣɫ£Ŵպͷ磬Զɽ
ңһ𴵷硣
ߴŴţֻ˯ңֹĺһ£˯Ȼ˯š
˻еߴ˴ҪȻϷ
ʲôϷ
֪ˡ
ѰһȦû뵽ʲôϷǰ¹
ŲڳϵĵݮȻʣ˵𣿡
ţ
иǵ޻֣Ǳġһһ䣬ȥԶԶ˺
ңϸһ£еû̫ס
˵̫ס룬¹ӣҪȻһѹ
Ҫô
Һᣬһһ¡
СʱûٸС赶ŪҲǾӴߡ
Ϊʱ̫ãߣеĴȴơ
߶ԹҲһ˽⡣
óԼСӣ򵥻˼ͼ˹Ľṹݸң
ҪӣȻҪһľֱǹҡϾʣµϴҪ֬ϸţƬûʱȱʲôĥ
˵ɾ͸ɣ񵶣ȥԺӡ
ʵϸܣӲͣá
ң棬һһ㹻ϵӣӷ
ֻҪӽǶΡ
߰Լĸͷȡ˽ӽؿڸ߶ȵһӣٰʳİ롣
ڣȰõ
æţͰŲɼʳ
ЩʮּӲõʱ죬Զ
һرʣЩڼŪʲôԶˡ
һͷҲ̧Ҹո˱ǵݮǵóԡ
𣿡
ǣ
߰õʱó󺹡
ңĹʣµҪʲô
Ȼһ£ҪһٵָͷȻһ£ָͷ񣬡һͺˣȵȣ̿ʹһǣ
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̵ȥˣȥ
ߺңĹҳĵȥ⡣
Ǹɻʱ򣬺üѵǽߡ
ÿһĲ壬ҪǱΧһڸʲô
Ȼûһ˲µóֻ֪ҪŪ¶ˡ
ͷˣ극Ūӡ
ǹ߶࣬Ҳ࣬󣬺ܿͰ⴦ɾˡ
һʵľͷ̿滭˸Σңþӣ̫׼¸˳
ǹֱ
ֱúʼӡ
ӿſţɫụ̂ȻðССˮݡ
ڿӵͬʱõһﱵôֲһЩͬʱֱҲֲڣϵĦȻճϡ
ò׵ӿˣֱҲﱺˡ
ߺңֱ࣬ŵƬӵģƬ̵ԣƤغһ
ΪֱΣֱ֮ϣҲһĹ
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ﻹȥ꽨õ֬߰֬ҳˮڻ֬ƬƬһһ߰СĶΡ
ⲽҹѾˣңԶ۾˸ʣµŪ
ȥϴ衣
ȥȪϴ裬˯һֱ˯ˬ
ڶ죬ݲݳ˵緹Ĺ
ȥιιС࣬ӴˣڱŹ˼
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ֺһ죬ûꡣ
ڲϵصĥңƬңٵĥˢͣ
ʱҪ
ֺһ죬ˡ
һŹʱܵţžݡ
չʾ˿¼˲֪ʲôҲѹʮֲ
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ûŪü
ҪôŪҺһŪ
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һԱ߷ŵļһ£ȻŽУһԺ
ںԺһСС
ʱ򣬷Źе㳬
һεڶλȽɣʮεʱؿڵļеˡ
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ಡƿֱ䵽ɽߡ
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һ߼һš࣡һľϣľ֡
ĻһԼ۵ش󼡣̧̧°ͣɣ
棡죬Ҳԡ
ȰѼҾǼֻõļ
ϣȥ񡣡
˳ذеļվڰվλãľң䡣
ߣ׼ͷҲߣǰľıԵûϣļ̫Խˡ
ˣδ棬ȥѼһΡ
ɲֹ棬ԡ
ôԣ鲻׼䲻УǵĽצ˵ˣҲû̫ðɣ㿴ľͷ䲻
ΪõľҸһ£ܿˡ
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ãֻҪͷУľϡ
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ˣһθֵңˡ߲ԾԾԵı飬Ӳнӹңԡ
ңӹĹȽŵĹ˺ü£ٰϼ
ңйʱ̲һԶľУһ·˼
ʱ򣬼ٶȸ죬˲Ͷסľ壬βһֱڲ
Ҳˣֻ˰ӵıԵ
ңһۣһƣֳһֻٴν˳ȥ
һñһãȻһʱûаġ
ףɻؿһۣȻûаģӦð
⹭е⡣
⣬ڼһ磬Ҳоһ֣Ѿüˡ
ңһȻ߱Ҫһ㡣
ң̶ȱȰǿ̫࣬ʮĸоŹȻ˰죬κû֣ǲ̫ܲ⡣
һߣϵڹģѹϣҳǵ㲻ƽ⡣
ҹĹ
߲˹ϵ²Ƿߵ⣬ǹʱ򣬱Ͳƽ⡣
ңҲãϰһѲƽĹͻˡ
˫ֲǰѹǲ̫УǹأһѰɡ
ڱǵĶԻֵһ棬ҷֹͦ档
УԵҪϰ˲ϸĹԺ˻ϰߣǾˡ
Ӧòԣⶫ䲻ľж䲻У͸ˡ
߸˵ɡ
īһͻȻ廰⻰ԣʽԵʱû̫ôڲɼʱһСܺá
ԣɣôİǶ䲻УСﻹУ
ŵȻܣΣϰ߾ˡôСʳϢʱ򣬻᳤ʱվһطľҲ˶١
°͡
ߣǻľӺ䣬ľͷ룬ҪǸʮСܹȥᾪԭرʱùõĻֱӰˡ
īЩطãľԣ֦ͷˮ棬Щβȥĵطüͷˡ
īˣԭԹôûôôһ˵ͷԽȣһѹ⹭
߿Ĺ⹭Ҳû̫ôͷ̵ͰҲ̵￴û뻻ȥ޻ɡ
һ죬ߵڶʱ򣬼Ѿһࡣ
ңڼһҿżĵ
ңֺ׼оҲĳһȵϲ
Լҹ֮ڣƳһµĹ
ΪµĹصӥ嶩һͷ
ӥڴļ¯࣬߶ʱרŸģͣǰģ
ͷû󣬰ߺңִĥһ£µŰѼͷľϡ
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ôһе״̬£ôһѾµĹ
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ͷļң׿Խ;׼Ŀƶȣļ
һ˼ÿһζаӣһаġ
ü߸ƶ̾ߣȥ˵Ŵ񣡡
һֱǰ߼Ҳ˵صĻͷǣҲм˲ĵطǼҵĲ˺ﾭĵ߰㡣
Щ޵κû̫õİ취Щ
ܱܲδ絽Ҳ̫ˡ
˵ǱҲҪʱ䣬Ǳʱˡ
Զ̧ͷͦأңɿܵ
忪Ѿǵũ︽ʱũǹǷ׷׸Ǵк
˾ˣߴˣǵĹ˰
ˣǵڶѡǹԹЧ
ôԣҪʲô
񣡲ˣȥ˰
˵ңڴؿ
ңתһȦŰߵ˵м䣬ѼڹϣȻ׼ϵһֻ
ֻڱ׸ͷһϱӼСĸࡣ
͵񶼺ܾԼûץ
ֻ񵽹񵰡
ңֻһż
һƿ죬֦ͷëӦ
žડڵϣò
ÿ죡
Բ۾ңֿϵ񣬡ţ
ң¶Ц⣬˵


159 
վ, ׼ʮ֮İӣۣż, ಡһ, ڰϣ
ҲˣֻڰӱԵ
ͷգһ, Ӽ³һ֧, ڹ, ٴ˳ȥ
һʮ֧꣬һ֧ڰ, ֧ڰϣ඼䵽˰档
ָв, ǵ
ϰѾкüˡ
˶ϱӺ̫࣬ϰҲܿȡһĳɹ, ȻԲû̫Զ
ֻһһʵʵذѼ, 䡣
ΪһĹֻ֣Ҫϰϰ, ֻҪϰ㹻, һѹ㹻Ϥ, һϸļ
һʮ֧, ٴܵľǱ, ȥļȫ
ͷһһ˯ԺоܶĶ, ֻƤ
Ժ˯߰ĵǷϸ΢ߴߴС
ʱҪɹ̫, ң˵ǵкô, ŰǰŵԺ
ǶװţֻҪ𲻱ŪǾ͹̫ġ
ר־ڸܾͷ磬ҲڸܼȥĹ켣
񶼷ŵĹ棬ֱļ꣬ſȻоһ˿кһϢ
üͷһ壬תͷܣֻǲ֪ʲôʱվŶ⣬¶ı顣
ˡ
߽󣬿첽ߵɽߣվɽ¿
߿ɽһͷͷݵĴʨŶСɽ
ʨˡ
ֲֻʨ塣
ʨ滹ֻɫӴëޣûҰޣһʱϲǵʲô塣
ʨһӦöˡ
վɽ߿ɽµˡ
ʨȷǣɤӡһǴк
߳ǻӻ֡
Ϊʨ˱Σһߴˡ
峤ϳ˭ˣϴ˵Ц⣬ôˣ
Ǵѹˣǳëˣ˵жܻרǻ
ӭ
˵Żʱ˫ľԽԽ
仰󣬼ɽվ·ӭǣǰ棬ǵȥ
һۿǼԺɹ̫ĵջĿ⣬ŰߵǸոǰˣ˵Ȼ
ðþò˵ſëˣҽߣλôƺ
ɫƤխüǸ۾䣬ͷҲܸߣë䳤
߿ǣ˶ϰߵĿ⣬㳯һЦЦЩ
˸ԽԼ֣Ϊҹǳë峤
ߺǽ̸һ֪ǵ⡣
ëסʨ嶫ϱߣüǰн飬໻һЩ
ȥ궬رëһֱʨ塣
󣬳ë˺úôһԣѶı³ʳȥʨ塣
Ϊʨ˲̫óԣñǸһЩû뵽ȥʨ壬ŷʨ״̬Ȼǳ
ë֪ʨȥ˴ܲС;²ˣΪ˴ʳӼһЩȴȫûж˵
ëȻûֱӶˣüΪڳԲ岻ãûסǼ죬ȥˡ
ԱһëҲЩʨ彨ǹ
˵ëЩأȥ궬Ҳù
ҹҲ̾˿ҲҪһЩʳ˵ԽӺֲǾֱӹˡ
û⣬ֻҪǳʡ
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ӴĺڽȽ϶࣬һ֪ڵĺڽЩڽʵؼӲûʲôʣƷʷǳ
߳ſӣЦʣҵĺڽ𣿿ǳ
ĺӱҵ㿴ǲҪĺڽ𣿡
ǣĻãٿǵӣ
һֹϵӣǴ췢ѿִܽĹϡ
ë˵ŴӱóһƤСĴƤ¶Ұɫˮӡ
ҹ˵ûôصѼӣͷϲ࣬ҪĻǿһݹ
ЩѾ㹻ˡӣֳʲôٻ
١ر𳤣ʱһܽüϳ󲿷ֹ϶𡣡
ҪʲôӣֹϵӿԴﻻһӣһŻһš
뻻ֽеӵ𣿡
԰Ӻһһȥջ񵽵ʳҲû١
֪ڽܻٵӣ
ͶˡһڽԻͬĵӣǻӵ£µӣǾĻ
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߶ϸǾȻֻССĻҰ
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ߺͼվɽ·졣
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߸ɴǽ̵ǽܻϵĸƷ
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һ߿һ߸пûĺöֶ˲١
ǰЩǱƷЩǴռƷܲסǿҪʲôĶ࣬ǵĶ
뻻һӺͲӣǺڽ𣿡
ߵͷͲ˵ӣڽԻܶ࣬صĺڽܻصĵ֡
ͷû⣬Ƕ֪
߸ʨüΣͦϲǣ˴˽׵Ҳͦ졣
ΪϹ˿ͣǴ˸ۣԼһڽһСһڽӡ
ǽһ һЩٹĻͿ۽ﻻˡ
߻Ҫģʮ֮ڶܰӻ壬ʮ֮⡣
ʨˬشӦˡ
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ֻСڽһֻ֡ʮӺʮŲӡ
߸ǻĶ࣬ǵһ ⣬ڻӺ󣬼򵥵ؽֲ˵һ顣
ԵӺ߶˼ʮǰѳë˴ĸл
ͷʱûصرųëˡ
ë˿ǵĶ󣬻ཻɫ
߲ǵСЦЦҪҲܴĲҽʣҲͷ
ҹ̵Ǿô˵ˡ


160 
߱Źңźߡ
, ڴеۣΪ紺Ĺϵֲ̫ȡ
ڸչȥĺӳ, ⼸һõһʱڡ
ڴϣŲֿ졣
ǸոճСൽҪɽժҶ
ǽժһҶǰճ, ̲, Ҳ㡣
߱Ų½ѿҶʱڶһЩЩԷһ, ɺ, ﶬٺ, ζһǳ
һȪɣѾҶͺˡ
ҰĲ˹ֲĲҶô, ǲһ, ӳһ㣬ʣµĲҶû, ٲȥвĽֻµĲ
ɽĿ, ͷ, Ҷ, ڵһԾĹߡ
վԭ, ǿ⶯ʹֱſеζ, ûŵ, ת, Աߵң, ŵҶζ𣿡
ңļƣӦûСɽȥɽС
ĲϲʪĻ
ĢϲɽʱԲһĢ
еںһСϺɣþûԲҶϺˡ
ãȻСȥϺĵط
ɽߣɽ岿ԶҲûʲôֲ˼û˲ȳ·
ǵߵֲ
ݴҶԼ϶вĢڵĢִַʣۿɿڣҪŵĢζ򿴵ĢӰӣһ·Ģ
ɽĹУҲܿľСӡҰСʱ߾ͻ±ϵĹվԭ׼һ䡣
ļڻԣһȥʮ߰СûֻҪˣǾܳɹס
еٳɶ࣬ɽʱǱѾֻС
׼ժҶǰҪѱɾ
صؿű̲סƻһ½ϿһĢҰҰ⻹ͦ۵ġ
ųԻҲ
СҲ˵ˣ˵ҿˮˣߣȥɲҶҿ˲Ҷ
ߵĲȽϸߣɲʱ򣬻ڸӶ˰ŸӣҵҶӸֱȥۡ
أǱȽϺʱ䡣
˱ű𣬾Ÿӣһÿ߹ȥСĸЩҶĲҶһӣһĲҶζƮ
̫ɽʱҶ
˴죬߸첲Ҹ¶òУԼļۣң˵ǻȥɡɽĲҶɵˣ´
ȥ̺Ϻ
ߣֱӷɹȥ
ΪŵĲҶȽ϶࣬ǰѴ򵽵ȫˡҪΣǵȰϹŵٰ·ѵ·ñĸӣܱ䡣
̱ȽϸӣֻңΣЯƷϣѸջãĲӣǳ
ңŰ߷ɵɽ£ٱΣһʾֻСϣźӵɡ
ĺϺ࣬רŻؼҷ¶̺ϺСλһСϪȥ̺Ϻ
ϺԵĶȽϸɾͷԽСӰ͸ˮˮеС顣
ңԳ֣λȥ̣һ
߽СϺչλңȥһ
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Ǿ۽ţŹߣϺ߻ؼҡ
⽫ǵϳ˳Ӱӡ
صУīѾǽﴦɾˣҲϴкã͵Ű߶
ң𣬰īǰƤӣżĵ档
½˹Ǽҽӵǽջٺ죬˳ѴʷŵǼС
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ҪϪϿװ
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ң޳ָ˵ߵλֱλȥһ֣Ϫİװͱˡ

ôܣ̳İװ˱ȽϴҲȽϷλⲻ㣿
㡭
Դ
װ̳ҪʣνǲˣҪԼͷɻȻû뵽һ߽ݾķӡ
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ԽԽ״Ҳù
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˰СҲˣֱľͰһװʹȥ
ȻȻ飬оǲһһ˺üװ飬״ɫеҪһЩ
еҪһЩЩ࣬ͷҲһÿӦò١
Ҳǡ
˰ͳŵľͰǽµİװԽԽ࣬ľͰҲԽԽࡣ
ٵʱι״ɫ졣ľͰĸĹâ໥ӳģԲͽúÿˡ
ʵ;רȥҨϪˮϴֵµ顣
ϴɾʲôɫ͹񣬶÷ǳÿץһѷ棬Һεˡ
Դһ㱦ʯ
ԣߴһ㲣ƬЩҲҪÿİǣԺһƣǻȥһЩɺ߱ǡ
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ʣߴˣҲ𣿡
ȻԡֻҪһ㼼Ҳ֤߿۾ˣЦİ취⴫ǵĶؾ
ϦֺҲ飬ֻ뻻ƯΣߴˣ˵ʲôܻ
ɾͶˣǿԴʹŽס
ǵİװѾʵòˣ˼ӿٶȰʣµꡣ
ߴס磬һѰǰⱳȥ
ֻ뱳顣
û⣬㱳顣
վ˸ڴҵİ°Ѱս
Ҵӵһֵطɻҡ
ԭţΧһ˫˫˷ܵ۾ɴϴ顣
ıܹ⻬ûˮϴ飬͵õ˹顣
Щʲôɫ״涼һ㱦⣬ɫѾˣ￴ɷǳƯ
ǣأʯô䣬ҲôأһĹâҲֲʧʸС
Χһ߿ÿϴһ飬Ǿͻᷢһ
ȿߺңʱǵ۾ˣһߴߴ۸շֳ鶼Щʲôõ֣Ҫʲô
¶ûȤָһſʱԺҲ롪ſ׹ſװηſԴ
ʲôһԸǻشʡ
ǲ֪Ϊȵʲôʱˣ˵ǿ취̱š


161 
߿˺ü, վ֪ͨһ
վɽͷӵ˵Լ󣺡ǳŵʱʨˣǰæһϢ
µͷӦ, Ȼԡ
ЦǾ̫ˡǰҰϢĲ䣬̣ջ˴, ǸȤĻһˡ
һ˵Ҫûʨˣҹȥǲһˡ
ߣǵҲ, һӥʹ˵ˣܲڴҶʨˡ
Ҳ, ȿҪæĵط, ǡ
Ҳˣ߻ٽһ顣
ֻʣҹĵӦҲᱻߣһڵġйܷҪˡ
ܵ£ſӱϵϷ, , ٿһ죬ǳȥԡ
ֻڼæ, Ҳúˡ
Ϸƺ˿Գȥ, ˢһ¾ˣͷŰ, βͻɨɨ
߶ʵĶ䰮, ߣһѶ, ȥ׷Ұ档
쵽ˣҰҲ
Ұ񣬻иСͶ
ǴԲɼľӣÿ춼뱳ԼĹš
һȥңȥɲҶûҵҶҵ˵رĶһŷ۵ķ䳲
ǽĵһ䳲
ǺƬҲǵһο䳲
Զ䳲֦ϳľ͹ӣĲɫ⡣
ʿˮ䳲е󡣡
۷ҲࡣңסԾԾԵϷͰѩ뵽취
˵ҰǸ䳲ô
ԿǣȿѬ䡣
ðɡѬ۷ľ飬ŷ䳲ȼЩ𣬼ȽʪĲ񡣡
ȥǱߣոտ˵µľ
۷乥ԲǺǿֻҪ䳲۷һ㲻ˡ
߸оӦûʲô̫ķգû뵽и䳲ľ飬ֻȴûС
ǴϷѩ䳲ʱϷѩовſͣۿҪС
Ķһ£Ķˡ
ۼֿץסϷͣУ
ӡϷˣβͣ۶ί֪ΪʲôͻȻץסǲ
ѩԱԴңȣҲ˽
ߵĶΪϴ󣬻Ǻۡ
ûһ۷ǲǣ˽ţЩ۷俪ʼڷ䳲衣
ϷͰѩ龰£ѹŲβҪơ
е鷳èҪǿдϷˣȳˣЩ۷Ҫɹǡ
ϷͰѩǲԸ⶯
ˡңȻѹҡ
ţ߿һۣڱʵͬʱĹ
ңӹڹϣ׼Զķ䳲ˢˢ
֧ӵнͷļȺ󴩹䳲֦Ӵھ޴£䳲ù
ңٶ̫ˣ߼ô䳲һʱԭء
ţ׼ܡң˵仰ѹϣٳۣҴϷͰѩ
ΪһˣʱҲ̬ԣңδʱʶԭѸٱΡ
ңųһɣֻצӷֱץסϷͰѩǷϿС
߸ң档
ų߿зɵʱ򣬷䳲۷ڷӦˣˡһطϰգһһٳǷɹ
۷ķӦѾܿ죬ô죬ҲȲˡ
ǼƵϺ˦Ⱥ۷䣬˺һһɽͣ
䵽ϺĨһѶͷϵĺˮҲڵң֪ΪʲôȻ͹Ц
ңҲЦ⡣
Ц꣬ߵոյǼ̫ˣҶûлعʲôˣ䳲Ѿ
ң˰ֻҪɵ˵ĴǣҪûѬ䳲µķۻһЩ
ж٣Ū䳲ʤ̼þûô̼ˡ
ϢһȻǻȥ䳲
۷ȽϵСܵǺܿͻ뿪ԭĳѨȥµĳѨ
ǵȻٻȥø۷ҵʱ䣬˵´ǻܷ۷䣬ٸһηۡ
ȥɼĶҰˣҰ˵ζѾտǻʤޡ
Ұ֮˸ֲݡ
صزһݣˣǷǳĵϡ
Ӧܵõٷۣǻ԰ݷŽٵһ۽ˣȷ۾ơ
ֱŻȥǸ䳲
ϣ䳲۷ȻѾˣǵõһ۵ķ䳲
ͼƻȣ䳲öЩҲص˷ѣֻǶЩۺܸȤվڷ䳲ϣͷڲݵϺҶϵķۣβҡøһ
˴ž޴ķ䳲͸ջȥ
һصҾܽŪľȥˣңȥ̵
Ѿ½ǻЩڼû֮ǰңеΡ
ңڻƷûһĶһ㶯Ӧɽ
ԭΪˣȻǼ˿һЩŵһ㲻ͬѰζ
İζ
İǿζ
ңӻܱתߵǰ˫Ŀ档
պѾɽִǰ
ǼߴӰǸԱŸصıÿһһĨĽӡ
ΪɫƤңѾһΡ
ļ˾ˣҹվſڿңʣôڿꣿ
ңʣô㣿
ҹҴżֵܲ˹ˣϴκԼõģ˹ǻǻǵʲôŵ𣿡
Ȼңʾǽ
Ǽ˸ͷȽϸߣһ˸˲٣ҲȽǿ׳ӦǿȺ
һ̵̵߽꣬Сӵ
˫к
һ꣬Ϲʧضҹ˵һΪܼ˵Ǹߡ
ңһָ֪ǰߣЩҲһ
ҹæͣλ˾ߵ׷ߣȷʵһǱ̸һʲôƷ
ҹң·ʨʱ˵רʨ䣬̴˵˲»Ʒ
ңͷôһ¡
ҹЦ̫ˣϴƷʱ򣬻ǵĻƷһЩ
ȵȡǸ˵ǲǹ߰æ
ңͣеĶæ


162 
﷭һ, ҳȥľ
ȥ궬ľƻȫˣһ̳رζ, ζ
žƹ߳, ң˵, һ۾Ϳ̵վżİ, ңߴӰ̵סһ룬ܿòƲ̫á
һ£ԭӿеĻȥ, תʵˣ
ǰҹתͷ˵ҸǴµĿ˹ˡ
ѽҪʲô
˵ſһҹ, ⼸˳Ƚϴź֮Ҳ֪, ֵӦö͡
߿, ֿңϴһ㾯֮ɫվңߡ
ңŰߵļ򣺡û, ˵æ
ң߷ָԼʲôæҪĻ, ԻƷڻϡ
ҹһ˴ɤʣ˵úóԵİ취, 취Ի𣿡
ʲôʣ˵ַº, , úó, ȻһЩϡˣǿ»Ҫһ
ǣ˵رϲڽǻڽ˵źؽϾ޴Ƥ˦ڵϣһ졣
ƽ̹棬ǳصĽҳһСӡ
ңһȥ˲Щ飬ž޴ƤŲŲ
ߵûƽϣкڽ˵֪ôƺ
ҹ廰ߺңܼˡ
ˣ壬塣
רűðߺңһ£ǵݡ
֮ǰһֱ˵ʿӰ
Ϊʵǿ⼸˶ֱӡ
߶ǲУд˴ʹ˶С
̵úóԵĽϣҪҪȳһ߷еľƹӣЦе˵Ʒʻ
˶һۣ˵ͬˡ
ȥĢ󽴡ɳкǰ
Ǽɹõ⣬Ҳзڸﴢˮ⣬߸һˮպŽϳԡ
ҹǰһ֡һƬˮպĢͽ۾ϸƷ
ѧպĢͽ
ƷĢĵһʱﶼ¶֮ɫ
ǳһ⣬߽װиϵǰƣֽȽ̣ζҲȽ⣬պһͿˡ
˺ԥһƬ⣬һ㸯档
ζǳ⣬ǳĵһʱ¶ֵɫ۾һ
ҹĴָ
΢΢һЦٽɳǰơ
ɳζκһֽϵζͬ黬΢΢ᣬʱʮִ̼ζ١
ǳǴ󽴣պˣ԰պá
һζԽԽ˾ûζ
˳껹ԭػζ
ûһǶˣǰһҲ֡
ߺңһкЦǣ⼸λڲڼԷ
ڡվǽúóԵķǸϢһ£
ҹܽظվʣ𣿡
ȻӭԶĿǡ
Ⱥ˴ĺڽʵ̫ˣȫǳͷ
ܵչʾһʵȡΡ
³ʱʹصһ硣
ըʱûôġ
ʮÿһɫ
ҹԣ˾ͷ۳ڱݣǵ۾𣬡ҳһЩúóԵķϲϸ񡣡
ҹ̲סǼҵķ㰡ƽʱô𣿡
ࡣߵֹǼôԣЩ˼ңҲʼôˡ
صŲŲмĸ⣬ǳˣø齴⡣
һ⣬ˮټӸ֭Сʶ壬ݶɫűʳָ󶯡
ǲñȰˣÿſӣ׾ؽԼ
һ˲䣬ǵʣ̵ǳǳĽ֭
ٸǽˣ߲ܣʮ
ҵУ˽ϵʮһɨգŵñŶߣ㡣
ЦʣúóԵķӹ𣿡
ˣӰæͷԸǻЩϡ
Ҳ׷ױʾ뻻
ǳǵľߵҲˣǻϵĽϲ࣬һͲ֪ʲôʱáǵĽҪĺڽҲ࣬ĺڽԻһѡ
ͦϲڽ𣬺ڽҪԽ⣬Ĺá
ڽֱӼ񵰶ճС
˵ȿ죬ճװѲ˳ڣˢ鷳
һֱҪڶںڽκεڶûܹϡ
˺ڽ㹻ĺڽŪѺڽذףٰѼͷȫɺڽ
ڽ⣬ǸҪĥһĥúڽĻʡºܶࡣ
ӰǴĺڽ࣬Ҳּۻۣ극ֱźڽǻϡ
ҲǵģջԸһļ۸񣬸ûٻ١
ǻʣڽ
߿ǵĺڽ۲ǻ뻻ʲôǵκƯ
Ӱҡͷ˲ϲⶫһ뻻úóԵİ취
ҲǸǻ𣿡
˵ǻһְ취޻Сʱ򣬸ŪʲôȻͻóˡ
ˣ뻻һⱾúóԵİ취¼һĿζҲܺá
ԣҾǸ뷨ӰϺܺãҪýҲúóԵķ˵ߣ취Խ̸ǡ


163 Թ
, ⼸ҪѱҰ޵İ취
취ɱȵĽмֵˡ
ߴ⼸ˣҲƺЩƺûС
֪Ҫʲôˡ߿˵, ҪúóԵİ취, 漰ֳһ㲻̸, ǲΪ˺ڽ𻻸ˡ
ӰʣôŻỻ
߳, ʡƵļ߱ʲô, Ҳſǻ
ϵıǳ࣬һûпĿռ䡣
Ӱ̫, ڽĲУǾ˵ְ취ôԶ
ӲҪúڽ𻻵ĻҲĲԡһָɽͷ, ɽĺڽ, ҲԸ⻻
ôܣӺڽѾܲˡ
û취ѱİ취Ҳܱ󡣡
Ӱ˷, ҹһ԰ǻ, Ҳûɿڡ
Ӱĵʣ˵ļָʲôǿܲŪ
ҡͷ, Ҫǲ֪ļ, ҲԸ⻻֪ˣֺαǣ
ʾûУȥ
Ҫѱļ
߿ǳüӣ̫ˣȻȥϢһ, ˳һûбİ취, ۣ
ҹһ֪ߵĹ, ͷҲ, ٹ
ī̸, վ˵Ҵǹȥ
ҹæͷ
ǣ˸Ĺҹʰ
ҹ뿪󣬰һֱںŸ衣
ңֵĵӣǲ뵽Ҫǻʲôˣ
еСʣ˵ȥô
ʲôʣ
ǵҸ˵𣿡
˵ָҧеƵĹӣ
ǸôԶ˵ھûУҪĻҲҵ
еҪҲ
֪ϾȽټҪҵĸҲͣҴһŵӣǵҪȥңֻҪҵϵһǾ͸ǻ
߾ϱӵļôãԸ߲òСס𽺡ᡭֻҪǵϢùԶǲҵҪĻƵ
˸ǵҲ߲١
ߺңϴصطԼСӣдҪ
һУ⣬Ҫܸҵ߲ˣҲԸ⻻
ײˡͲˡĲˡֻҪܳԵҶ߲˾С
ֲرóԻرãԻģѱķȥ
ңԴûʲô
߷ĥ˺ü飬ȷԼĶһû󣬲Ӻң뱻ѡ
ҹϢĺʱ
˯Ͳ̵ϴ꣬ңɻλǱߣҹɽϵˡ
䵽ϣһ۾Ϳǡ
óƺһ|ҹ¶ſ촹ߵĺȦҲǺѪ˿
ߣӰ˵ǻȥˣҲϸˣûʲô취ûпɽļ
⻰ʮʵϣ߿һۣǻȥҲˡ
Ӱ۰Ͱ͵ʣʲô취
ûмǿ
ʲô
ͳԼСӣһһָҧζƵĹӣһ㳤֦ͷ֭ҺƤеʹһŻһӡ
߽Сӷǿ
׻ɫֽ̿ʻĹӡӺҶӣ⿴ͼеҩͼס
Ӱ˽ӹӣȥط鿴
ҹ̧ͷʵһ仰ʲôúڽ𽻻𣿡
ʵֽš
ôʶֽŵļֵ̫ţˡ
˲С߶࿴һۣЦ´öĻŵ̵﹩ҽ
ҹϧµֽţֵͼҲÿ
ЦЦ˶ụ̂ܽ˻ͼ
ǿָǿ
Ҳԣǲ֪ԭʼĻʲôͺĲ󲻴
һ˵һ˵꣬ͷˣڴʣôǼ𣿡
ˢˢҡͷ
Ӱҿȥһ¡
ҹǻʱ̡
ߵͷڴǵĺϢ
ҹǻķʮֲʣټϴĺڽʮֳأȥ鷳
ӰĵĲŰߣĲȰѱ㿴ǰѺڽȥ鷳ǿǷţһŬҡ
Ҫ˶Ƿţǵ̵Ҳȥˡ룬صĺڽȷʵһ⣬ҪȻǰѺڽ𻻳飿
ǲ˲ϲ顣Ӱҡͷ˵ҪռôڽҲס
ߵûǲãôᣬʮֺЯܴ󲿷ֲ件ӭҪʵڲϲ飬ǻҲУˡȻֻ飬ǡ
ĺڽȷʵñԶѾ࣬ҪٰЩڽ𱳻ȥ붼ͷƤ顣
˶ӡ
˸ƣʾǲһ¡
ȥһ¡
Ƭ̺߻ҹȵҾÿԣǲǷݺڽԻ顣
һ֣ȴȥǵ顣
߼ҵֺüƷԲǶ˳ŵСľϻʢš
һľϻԲѻľϻڣһĹ⣬ܸ̫õĹ߷·רΪ⼸ϻרŰ
Ƕ鲻̫Ȥ˺ˣЩ飬Ҳ¶˾޵Ŀ⡣
¶Ժһ飬Щ鶼ȽԲһֲôԲģΡ
ִ򿪼ϻӡ
Ǽҵδ󲿷ǰСģṩһͼֽһԼӡ
˵һõͱʯֺãζǳ
ҹûֱۡ
ʣ𣿡
ҹԥصͷһڽ𻻶飿
Ǿ͵ÿĴСͺڽˣǼгӡ
߸˽һʲôгӣֵǵʾһ³ƶЧ
Ǽҵ̵꿪ûĻῪüʮ꣬ϰ꣬ûƭ˵Ĵ㡣
ⶼúʵϣڽʱ˼һʵݵļ۸
ǶԲϡϪﻹ鱴ҽԺԴԴϵջ飬ڽյöࡣ
һ֣ҹ˰кڽ˰߼ҵС顣
飬ǾҪȥ
ҹʾҲ˵ҪȥҰ˵ҵˣǻᾡϻ
߻ӭǣǺ󣬺ң˵ǲǻӰǵϰߣôоֳִţΪϲ⣿
ȻУֻǿԸӰĴСӰ죬ͺϲκ͸質
˵ʨ㻹ͦԣɻ˾Ӷࡣ߸пҺôദúܺгҪȻ⿴ԷΣͿԲ²⵽Էˡ
߰ɣŲɼȥ
ø˳ȥϪ￴һµİװôˡ
ٴȥȻ㡣
û⣬Ҳˡ
˴˼һŴԲɼ
ΪĿȽ϶࣬һһ磬ٻʱѾ͸ˡ
Сൽɽ£߸˵ػؼҡ
û뵽һصУǾͶһԹˡ


164 
û뵽¿, һʱЩΡ
֣Ǽ˴кǼ˵ĿԵøԹˡ
峤һ˵֮ǰ˵ǹ顣
ֵˣϱŤһ¡
һԹ㻹ר֪ͨǸϹ, أ
һ, 侲˵Ҳڵǡ
ë˲Ÿ, ˵⻰˵
ҪȻǸȥһ飿
ë塢弸˴, ֻһЩϣߵ鲻ࡣ
ԣʣµռ˴ͷ
ߴһн̵УϻӸǿ
ǽջ񵽵飬ѾһˣÿһŶʮƯߵ, ǿȿһЩвȤ
ƫ飬УǼʶ㡣
߼ҵ鲻ǼƯ飬ȴǸͷȳ, ɫ顣
̿Ųۡ
ǿ, ִǵԱ߿Ρ
ЩƴɣŨҵĸɫ, ȥôطҲû취ڱĵطƵΡ
߿ǵɫôһˣɣ
૵, ֪Ӧ÷ɿһ, ЩõѾ˻ˣ
ûС
Ҳ, ֪ġƳ̾˿һΪǻʵĺ顣
ҪһǴʹ飿
㿴ɣΪνصȥŬռͺڽ뵽ôһ·ʧȥ˴飬֪ǾͲˡ
ȷʵΪν˳׼ÿ˶Ŵڽʯ֮⣬һЩʯӡҩġϡ
߼ʣµȻ࣬ƷҲǻǼҵ飬ʣʻкܶࡣ
̵һ󣬲˸߲ңǳ̾
߱Χм䣬ǵ̾оԼһС
ܲˣⲻȵȵã۸ߵãûƭǡ
ƵǺԵ޷֣һ뿴ô飬Ͳ֪Ҫʲôʱȥˡ
֤߱ʱ϶һ׼ʱĻ
ƣǶûϣ˵ꡣ˵һͱǽĸˡ
ңԱ΢΢üûˣʵڲ뻻ԲţӦҲóȥ
תͷңһۣĽǣôе
ߣҪҪȻذϢһ£ɫѾˣڷɿ²̫ãʲô⣬ǿһ顣
̾һ˵ë弸ǻǳԷȻǲҳϵĺ飬ԷĴûС
۾¶ֱӵı飬ֱ˵ôһ̾Ͳܺú˵ѹ۾ѹۣǵ˵ô߰ġ
װģֱӵǴôԶĵطصѼҪʣЩ飬Ҫһü۸񣿡
˵ļ۸񡣡
Ĳ˵Ϻ飬ϣܵõȳëǸŻݡ
ߺͳëǽʱûҪǱܣǶѾ֪Ǹ۸
˫ӡ
ߴϵı鷢ȷʵ˳ë弸廻ļ۸
ߵ۸㣬û취ģǶʵĺ飬˭͵ļ۸񶼲áȱ𼱣˵
˸ѹƣ۸û취ǸͣǿһЩ
ŶʲôµĶǸո̵תһȦȥЩ
ߣ˵𣿡
ָߵߵģҪȻֱǳһ
ƿڲȷʵܺã߱ĥܲˣջڼԷ
Էʱ򣬰߸ǵ˾
ǶƷܸȤҲûԽϵȤ
Ҫǻȴİ׾ơ
İ׾Ʋ࣬ȴҲ١
ҶûкȰ׾ƵϰߣЩ׾Ʒһʱ䣬ζһ̳ǣŵһľζ
߽̳ӴսǣǾ棬ⲻˣҪˣĨһ׾ƣŧļʾͻٺܶࡣ
ƿϵİ׾ƣͷţǵҩҲô
׾Ƶôֹֹܷ˵˿ڻҲֹܷ˻⻵Ҫʱһ׾ƣͲ׻ˡ
ôã
˵Ҫǵ㶫ˡᵯ˵С̳ǿȴȥԣûԺǻ֪ġ
ߴӦһ̳İ׾ƣ㲻߶ˡ
ǳ극ȵضһ顣
ߺңձ߶ЩΣ˵ۣܽʵʻʱ򣬵׻˼ǡ
ιȷʵصȥռණҲࡣ
ﻹдСʡ
ЩʱȽأֲǷǳ͵࣬ٱŷɻȥȷʵȽ鷳
߿Ҫ¶ԹӣоͷƤЩ飺ȵȣһиҪǿ
ʲôѵһƷ
ǣҸǿ֪ˡ
߽С˳гëȼҵƷʱ˵ˣҵСֲǾͻỻѱǡ
ѱ
ʱûз䶼һЩǼССţѼӡ
һǷˣҪԵĻֱȥҰץҲУҪ
ߣԵʱȥҰɲһץõץõҲһץ㹻ࡣҪٿ٣ȥ궬ô䣬ƽȹô󡣡
ǲ˵ˣڿǵ峤
ߵûзرóԣץҰ޺óԶˡ
ƵȸǿҪҵʲô
߽Сӷǿ
ĻȺ˵оһץץ÷ǳ
һûСӷƽ˾ͺȵȣʲôǼǸ
һ㶡
һС˴Ӻ漷ָŰϵСӣǸҶӵǼ
ߵͷһָǷҳ
ʱˣңһۣǼûɣ


165 ʳ
, ֺôס
˺üСӣȷԼû
ߣֲܶĸҲҪϸ
Ҳ˵, ֺҿ϶û̵, ҶӺٶԳԣֻʱһζǲǣ
ҲǺζأ
ûʲôرζһ㵭ζˣԶ׷ƨ
òҵ˰ɣ
̽Զ˺׷ƨһ˵, Ļɽ˲١
ߵֻݣҲ֪ǲļ, ҪǴ, ۿ֪֮
û⡣Ƶ, ֻǸҪǻʲôأ
úóԵķ
ҪǷʲô
۾һ, ⻰л, Ҫʲô
ʱû뵽Ǵʶû, Ҳ֪ܴﻻЩʲô
ôոѾǵľˣƲɣ
, ٺã϶ҲȲӣҪ, ҲֻܻƵķʱҪ, ù֮ۻƵ¡
㲻ֱ˵, ҪʲôܻҶᾡǻߵ, Ҫ飬ҲȥĲ任һٹǻ
ͷȻʣ飬뻻Ҳҵ˻ߺӿ϶û⡣
߿ơ
Ƶʱ벻˵ܳʲô۸񣿡
ҪȻȹȥϢǼۣ
ֻȹȥˡ˵ƷЩٰһΪרſ̵꣬дƷţ
ߵһα̵Ʒ٣һѾؿ˵һۡ
Ʊ˫۴ǵ̵꣬ϹޣҪٶˡ
ϴĶܹҲǺܶ࣬ٶˡ
ǿ̵ֲ̣ꡣ
ʼ磬ˣҪҪȥϢҪȻһ·ɶ·
̵תһȦҪסǵƷԤһνס
ŸȤɫӲ˵Ʒ٣
뿪󣬰ߺңˣҪȥϴ裬Ȼɽ˯
ڸңҪʱʮƣ̵Ʒ𣿡
ˡҲҲôƷ
ϧǸȤƷȷʵࡣҹҪǻϡذ׺ͷ
Ȼȥҿķ
ӦùˣǰŸһ顣˫Ժ󣬿ǿգҪ˵ǵƷ٣һҾͺܲǵƷˣ
ǲ뿳ۣ
ǾðɣǺôǿ̵ˣӡôҲǵĲְ
ţңתͷŰߣʲô뷨
Ʋʲô뷨ֻǾǴԶһˣôҲҪǱͿաһµתң棬ûоǵƷƷرãرģ
磿
㿴ǵذ׺ͲϣҪû˭ǣɣӸ˵ˣһιúü꣬˸õӡȻôãǴ÷ʱҲࡣ
Խ˵Խ̵꿪ò̫С
ƬϵĲͲ࣬ǵ̵Ҫôȥһгñ͡
ң˼Ҳûʲôõİ취ܻܲһЩƷ
ǴƷҪ취Ʒıء˫ۻأʵ̵Ʒ󽴡顢̵ɳǿϼܵľơ
ֻЩӦòвصشӴԶܹ
ԣҪӵǱأ̵궼Щҵ·ģñӼһ¡
ҪȷƷ䷽׻ȥҪ䷽ĻǾһˡ
ΣҪƷ϶
Уǻעڲгܰϣȫѵصȥ
д֮󽫱ӵݵңǰ㿴ûʲôģ
ǶеƷ˸
ԡûôƷҪķ油䣿
ңָƷĿ¼ϻȻܻӭǽϣǴⷽ濴
ˣõĽҶѾˣҲĽϡ˵бĽϣ˵ӽϺȽٵͬʱҲȽܵڵĻӭ
־ζʳϲ˲ϲԸصػʻߵĿԲ
Ȫڤ˼룬ң
˰죬ֽϻֻ˵ҸоǵķǶԵģǲ֪ͻƿ
֮ܶǵĽʮܻӭƷһܻӭӦôӽ֡
ʳʳıƷȵȣʳҺ뵽ʲôˡ˵ʳŵ̵˽ô
ʳʲô
ʳ㿴ǿʳܶ࣬е⡢ǹ̵ɡ˸ɡƤ԰Ūʳһܻӭ
ԽԽÿУʮѷһûʳ
Ϊӹ̫̫࣬ʳԽԵÿСҲʳΪҵĿڸ֮Ҵ֡
ֻҪʳʳԣʱỻʳǺ뷨
˭ݣǺò׳һˣҪ˴ʲôܲÿζֵرߵĲƥ鱦ȵȣСʳһܺõѡ
ǵɹˣȫԷŸ꣬ȥﲻڻ¡
߽뷨ң˵һѯô
УҪһ£
ˣȻǻȥʱֱӻǸȥϡ
ԽԽҲˣңҪؼҡ
˷ɻؼңǶѾ˯ˣǻֵ÷ǳȡ
·ô˻Ҫʲô
Ҫʳд̣Ǹ˯
ôˣҸǰææҲȥ˯
ãϾͿˣʳ
߼иָĽϺ͵ϣûôͰµŵ˳õϡ
˶࣬ǽеⶼ˳
ú󣬰ְѵóǵҲͦ࣬ǳ
Ĩ⽴
ǿ϶ǲƷҶŪƷǿ۽硣
¸߰׼š
һᾡʳֻһΣЩʳͲѵˡ
ҪͿ̵ʣ


166 
컹û, ߱ңˡ
һֱʳѵԶӻѻһ㶼
ңǺش˸Ƿ
ǵӣȽңĵݹȥ, һףȥҪȻȻ̹, 
ңЬӣô硣
˵Ǽһϲ䲻⣬֮һȥʳ
ưܳȥˮҨˮϴ
ң򵥵ñ, ȥ
̫кܳһʱ, ֻһĨϼ⡣
¶ˮǿʼˣһţµʪ¶ˮͬڵ峿, ߴ˴ֱ, е䡣
һӣ
, һůˡϴ򵽵Ҳȥ, Ȼ²ԣ
ɽҲг˲ٲ⡣
ҳ, ҳ, ȫһ
ô⣬˾һ, ҲӦùˡ
˱⵽ɽ, ˻û, ɽͷһƬڡ
˿賿Ŀ³ȥȥҲó
Ҵ򷢵סƣ
áһңʵı۰ַڵҲô̫࣬ҪȻ̫ˣŪôµʳ
ңЦЦȥ񵰡
ҺѾһ񵰣ҪȻ񵰶á
վڴǰϣңվԱôͰ򷢵׺͵ƣ͵ƻƵĵƹ˵һů⡣
˵æڽƮζ
ζǵ㣬ζ߻صըغ⽴ְԵζǵǰζǿӲس˵ıǻ
ʳʱ򣬲صݣƷ
ʳﻹû꣬Ȼð뱥
һ½𴲡
ŹǷæһʹţǶʲôҲ̫˰ɡ
תͷƳһۣϽˢˢϲԵ͡
룬ҿ⡢⡢ץΡǰˣ
ûЩʳרΪͿ̵ʡ
ЩԵģ峤ɲʲôˡһץץź㡣
ЩԵĻ΢̧°ͣҪҪģ
ץռùĹңæҡͷ
Ĵָ˼ǹˡ
ߺЦһתͷʳ
ʳζΪԵƮȥԶ
Ƿɹʱ򣬸źһξŵֻζ
ǰأʵʲôζҲ̫˰ɡ
Լθýϻʡ
ǵĽҪʲ࣬Ȼǻ㣿ĺ㰡
ҲÿԣȥǸ
ôĽϣĲȥӦҲܻóȥ
ҪǸиĽϡ
Ҷԣֽ϶һЩҪĻִҧ⽴
ʱûͣʱζ۸ֽϣЩ˶̲סƵƵʿˮ
һ֣ӿŲ߿㡣
ϵɽͷʱ򣬰ߺңʳϣڳԵɫζȫ
룬ͷתתȥë׵Ĵβҡţ﷢صȻһʳҲý
Ƹк
תͷǣЦáߺңһʳ
ƣҲ̫ˣԵС
ûӳ̽ӣԵ˵ûǵ˼Ʒ

Ƿ׷ɵۣЩ˶Ѿ׼ֳˣû뵽ȻƷ
һ̺ôƷǳԵ𣿡
ԵôͲܱΪƷˣܲÿǶǳԶɣͬ˲٣ǵ֪ЩȫƷһڽԻ
꣬ӻ˵Ʒˣǿ
ʱѾʳֳСݣֳһһǣг˿飬εĸͷҲСرС
ǵĿʳϡ
ʳƷӶѵǰһƣǿȻһԣųԵĻÿ˿Գһ㡣
峤⡪̵̲סˣʳҲ̫ˡ
ǸԵĽζǳ˳һֱǱ꣬ǶӹཹཽС
Ƥĺڽô࣬ڽأһ㳢Ҳ
ҲŵζʿˮһӣȻݣÿһ㡣
ߴӳ߳˲֣ЩǹڲųԵʳرóԣǻ˿϶Կ
Ƶôһġ
һľ˱ȻгġߺͰһøʳóڽ
˴ĺڽȽϴ飬ڽأһڽóʮ
߳󻹸˼Сĺڽ
ǵĺڽû٣ˡ
˿
һʮ߸ˣʳһҲʮÿһ֣ŷֵһ㡣
ǽʳûζѾˡ
ζǣǵĲ棬Ǹоˡ
۰Ͱ͵ؿǵ峤
峤Ҫôٻһɣ
ƿ˿һĺڽҲû㣬һӣʮ߷ݡ
áߵͷѡϲԵģһ˿ѡ
ǺѡԼϲԵĶ
ǳԵʱȥҤó쿾ɡ
Щɫʵ󣬾һƺһĺ濾̶ȵؼζһó˵ζƮ˳
кңͰɡ
ǰ˺ϸ˿Ʒ
ϵǳͬʱǺüۡ
̶ˣʳ￴࣬ʵҲû٣ھͳˡ
ϵʳô࣬¿ɣÿͷӿǿҵĲ
ĵҲӿ˵Ŀ⣬ֹɫʵһݣ
Ƿ׷׵ͷҪʳ
ҲŸճζһ㶼ûԱ
ץҲ̫óˣһҪ顣
ߣܻܲǵɣϻǵó̹
ôʳʹ˻ΪľǹǵȤڼĿﵽȻܾ
ȻԣҪĵĻǵҲˣǿԳ
ȸɣǳɺȥӡ
һģƺõ̵ƣϺ׼һһ
߰ҶҶζʵʵһ򿪣˲佫Ҷ㣬׷⵰ƵŨһʳУ˿·硣
ҧһӣپζŨʮ㡣
ŵصζ̲סԱʿˮһһʳһڽԻӣҲ㡣
һӣ
߸Ƿӡ
ڰ߼ҳԳԺȺȣһֻһݣһˣǾȻԵʮڽʳ
ƵԲ۾Ծôôࣿ
˱Ͳ٣ٳɶҪǶĿʣڿٶһˡ
Сдʣ̹Ȼذٶһ顣
ҲغͰٶһΣ֣ĳôࡣ
ʾ˽ڽƣҺֻǼҳһ٣ҪǶ٣Ҳûˡ
ߣȥôطôڽ𣬻ڽԵ㶫ôˣ
ƵҲ̫ˣǷôԶôŰЩڽ
ΪôԶԲҪԼһ¡ЦҪǲﻻʳȥ˱ĵط뻻ûط
ʵµۺڽҲòͷͬ
Ŀ󣬰ʣҪҪɺ⽴ȥǳҲɺ⽴ȽܷţúڲỵҲߡ
ᵽˣմһٵԥһ¡
ߵ˺ͺûӦûԹôóԵɣ
ԥıԣڱƵӡ
¶ЭɫɣǵʳҲ̫ˡ
Ц첻Ʒ̫٣ǵԸ
˫һ£ջǻ˲ɺ⽴һ
úڽˣһڽܻЩɺ⽴ԭò˶ٺڽû뵽СһãһĿҪĺڽֱɵۡ
Լһ飬Ҫĺڽôࡣ
߰οǣǳôΣû⽴ȥҲü˳һ˵ǲǻʣһСڽ𣿡
ƵһСڽȥ任Ҫá
Ǵڽ𻹲ֱӴǵĺڽ𹤾ߣСȵĺڽ˶ˣҪǸûڽǿ϶ǻ
˵ĻҲеٻʮС
ϣֽҪҪϴβ˵ҪǵֽţһֽԻһ㡣
ˣٻӶҪˡ̾˿Ҳ̫ˡ
ЦЦûȰ˵ǣֻǺңһǻĶá
һʹؽڽǽãΪʣµĺڽ̫٣Щ顣
뿪ǼǵðæҺҵ˺ǿúڽ𽻻
Щƣµ̫ˣǵȥĵطٻһʣҪȻⶼ
ץҲСӸ忴ҪҵٴαùǿɲҪ˵ûѡ
ôʶĲҲ࣬Ѿȫּۻ۵ȻҲ
ƵıˣȴҲ֪˵ģǻᾡ졣
ϣټ˵ʱŪµƷ
ߴߵõУһʳרŰڻϡ
ʳƷҪʲ࣬ʲôܻĶ໻ö࣬Ķٻ١
˾ߣǵĻҼָƣܿͷƷ
ЩƷȫʳտʼҳչǵ飬ʱٻõ㶫ǻ
໻ΣҷǼҵʳΪһˣڲ·
ǲûĺգڣҲһô׷ζֻŪ졣
ʳԷ᲻¡
ڷְ߼ҵ̵ʳܶ˳ŵʱصŪʲôǻ
߼öˣ۴ĸǼҷɣ·϶Կˡ
һǼҷɵĹУȫԴӡ
ûյʱҲСɹǻʳ
СǶҪѧɣҲǺ¡
ȻܹСڸ壬ԶһĵطС޷ɵ
Ҳǣң磬̵￴꣬һСߴߴԶ
ǵëаɫɫʹɫɫζ๺צҲۣС
ɵ˸Ҳˣһ㰤ңҰ䡣
һ򽻵ˣǶԱҲ˽ø²ñΣԼ򵥽
һأ·ñ̵ȥ
ӵſڣˢˢؾ˸ң˾ˣ
šңǵ˸ͷŵЦ⣬춼ҪЩʲô
˾ˣҪ顣
˾ˣǸһ⽴ر֣
˾ˣҪɳ

Сǹؾصźöӣһһң˵ǵ뷨ְǱĶչʾң
ңǴʹۣ
ԻͲ顣
ԻͲ⽴
ĢԻͲɳ

ңСǽԼȥҲ
лл˾ˡ
ȥɡ
СЦܽȥҪƷϸŽң˸
ңԸǻȥʱСģ̰档
СӦ£ӵűΣзȥҪһɺܳһξ룬ȻŻֳɼӣظԵĲ䡣
ңĿ뿪ڹ̨ǰڰֽ֡


167 ؽ
ϲ鿴, ǼҵعңרΪдġ
ڻ谵µ͵, ҲΪޡ
ָȥ, ĬĬʱ䣺ڻʮ, ʱǲǻꣿ
ңһ¿еˮӽδ춼ꡣ
һ°̾˿
ĻǳȥԺͲɼʱҪˡ
ڼҲûʲô, 벻ʳ, ȻҲỵ
ңʣȥȥ㣿
̫ȥѾˡ죬˵, ÿε㶼㡣
Ǵˮ̤ࣿ
Ųɼ̤, ȥ̫Զĵطˣ㶼û㡣
Ȼдǵ֣
Ҳû취ɰ
߻˸ƣϷ
껹е䣬µôʱܰ˽͸, ̲ס򺮲
ÿھͻŵʱ, ҸڲԺ, ˳ϵ顣
һȦûʲôɴڱﲹߡ
, Ŵ˯Ҳʡ
˯Ӷ˲, 𴲺ңڼ, Ӧɽ¡
ϴһ£ӣϱ׼ɽ
ɽɽü߶ëë꣬һɣһ͵ˡ
һأͿң¿񣬱ϻһЩֲ֦Ҷ
ң棬Ҳľ
ڸʲô£һ·ñ˫סͷ첽£ңС˵Ҹոջһᡣ
ңôע⣬һ£ҪѬ⡣ȥòͷ
̽ͷôʱѬ⣿̵Ѭ⻻𣿡
ǰ컵ˡ
ô죿
̵еʳռÿ춼ܻ⡣
ЩǳԲ꣬ɴ˸Ʒ⽴ͷ⡣
ƷȽ鷳ǲÿ춼󲿷ʱѡΰϣһʱһΡ
ξõ⻵ˡ
߿Ʈŵϸ꣬о⣬ôůͣ꣬ůʪ⻵Ҳ
±𣺡ҪѬⲻɣ
࣬鷳ǼҲʼùˣҪѬһ£Ѭú
仹ط𣿡
̫һҪԭסķ䡣ˣϽæ
ȥϴ
һæڻ˴տ֦
֦
߷һ¶ȣ¶ȻԣѬͲˡ
̾û鷳Ҫб䣬䶳һŸ궼ỵ
ȵȣ䣿
ߺȻңʹ˵˵ؽ𣿾ڵһƷҪŪúãؽѻָĶ׻
ʣǲǸɽһ
ߣɽЧãɽȽʪؽҪǷʩúãһֱָ
룺ǼҲȥû̿ҪŪ˵ؽѣǿڵ¶һ̿̿ˮЧɺˡ
ңҪڣ˿һԡ
ҾǸôһֶȵȣǵȷڵؽԣ䲻ǶѾǿڸؽѵֿ⡣
ЦҪڣһڣʱڳֱӵɽȥҲò˶ʱ䡣
롣
ǶסɽͷߺңɽҲûڣҪڵؽѻͦ㣬ֻҪܿػֱھС
濼뷨СӣµؽѵĽṹ
Ҫؽѣǿڴһ㣬ؽѵĿڿڷڣǵؽѣǷӣöཨһ䡣
ؽѵĻӼ˵ûʲô⣬㹻Ľ飬ˮࡢʯҿãܿܽá
Ψһǵ¿ܱȽʪ󣬵ʱҪľ̿
ǿԽõؽѺһľ̿ıҲһľ̿
ľ̿Ҳ鷳һ껻һȫС
ϧûˮϣҲ֪ڷˮϵϢ
߿˺ü죬ͼ˺üţңһ˺üͼ
˾ڰɽϽؽѡ
ɽĵطȽϴÿԼӸ䷿ӵֿ⡣
ÿҪɻʱҾϱӵֲϡһɣ̫ˡ
磿
ϲǵķˮֻ࣬Ҫڵؽѵǽһϲܸƺܶˡ
߻ǵСʱｨӣڵذһϲ
ʱϲֺã֮أҲس̫ء
߷˵ûʲôֲϲЧϱӼЩ˻ڽָɵҶӣҲܷˮ
ң룺˵һ㣿
Ķңмͼ˸ҶˮЧͦãųȥҲʪûڸҶ֣Ҷӣˮ
ҶУ
̫С˲ãˮӷ϶ҶҲο˵ʲôʱͻˡ
һֲҪ󡣡
˵
ǵõɽϰɽһرĿҶ𣿡
ǿ֭Һر
ԣƤڲһر͵Ĥ˺ɹɣܷҪ󡣡
߻һ£֭Һر𤣬մƤϺϴɾŲɽʱ򣬱ҪԶ
Щ֮ûص˽
ȥ
컹ꡣ
С꣬ǿԴ϶ȥ˳ժһݮݮˡ
ȥ⼸춼꣬ӦûвĢ
ϣǲǻ໨ǲɵ㻨ըųԣ˳ըĢҲժˣȥƤȥȥɲ裬ü𣿡
ҪҸβ˵һȥæҶɻ
ֵβ幩˾β˻ÿ춼ᱳʳңҲʣǸɵӦû⡣
һ£ͬǿԷֳβһЩҶ


168 
ɽ¶ȷǳ, ɽһɵľˡ
ɽӥ徳ڣӥ岿仹ͦԶƽʱûʲô˹, ߺңʱ򣬸ûӰ
ߺңźü£һֱӷɵɽϣ䵽ҪҵĿҶǰ档
ֿҶÿһøͷǳɼ֣Ƥ⻬ֻжϲųбȰŽҶľҶ, һŷ糵ĥ
ߵҶǰ, εˣҪ, ܽ
Ҳ̫ˡְ˰Ƥı棬ֱֻƽ, ҪôȡƤڲĤ
ֱõһȦ, ˺ңڰ, ʾվԶһЩ
ߴӱҺһ
߽ӷԶһЩ, ˸ֵλã΢΢˵ֱֱɵС
ŵ⡰ۡһû, һɻɫİ͸֭Һӿ˳žһɶصĿɬζеǺ
ңҺմ, ϴɾ
ѵˡ߳ң, ʾ, ϲСմһ㣬Һ𤡣
Ǻ𤣬ǰ˲Сմϣϴܶζϴɾһ㲻մͺá
ַ߽ŵӵţ֤һССġ
Χ˰Ȧһ˲Ƥ
Ƥָ£ô񣬲濴кܶ϶Щ϶ʢ֭ˮ
ߺңƤƤڲ෢ףűͣеĳֶƤ
ʣҪôŪֱӰĤ
ңӦһõƤıԵһ㽫ԵץסǲĤһĤ˺
˺ʱǷæȥæ˲Ƥһ˺Ƭ̺õһƤ
üһץסƤһ泶˳þȫûƤãҲ̫ˣͶˡ
ȸһȥԣ
ǲҪһ£մҺһˢϴɾҪȻǷŵϪȥݰɣ
ȷŵһԡ
ҲУûЧĻٷŵϪԡ
ڴƷֶκܼ򵥣ҪôŵˮݣҪôӵҪôҵ̫ɹ
ǽݻ󣬶ԷʯҺεʹϸıʡ
ҲǣߺңȽƤӵûЧ취
ƤԹȾȽϴ󣬰ص˸չƤĤ˵չڹﵹˮȻչŵݳĻϡ
ǿŻ
ƤһζǲһǹζƮɽͷǡ
֪ǲˮŵñȽ϶ĹϵƤζ̫š
ڳ׼Ѱһ죬ɵĢҰ˺ҰЩҰ˳ʳԱȽϺóԡ
ר־شʳģƤζƮԵе޹
̧ͷ˳ӣſеζңţƤŲ١
ûôǺˡ
ԡ˵ζɲԼӵµҿҺҪĨϣܾͣã˵ɷҲЧ
Сһ㡣
Ǽҵķ˾ͣ㣬ҲĿΨһ㣬Ǿ㲻̫־á
ҶԷ|еź˺ܳһʱ䣬ҲûʲôĽķ
Ҷõϣһָ
ԽԽÿУҲ׼ˣΧȹϲ˲֣ң˵ҳȥ
ңһȥ
ǣֵʵôˣ
ǸûоҶζе֣
ζ
ֿҶζʵе룬ֻһ㣬ǰ֮ǰȫûнӴ͡
ԱߵƲƲеİĭ
Ѿеãˮ˻ƺɫˮϻƮżɫͻеӡ
Ҷϵ֬ͦࡣ
ӽ˽ƤĤϵҶѾˡ
СĽƤĤƤĤȽıԵƤĤƤʸˡ
ʣˣ
Ʋ̳࣬ԣʵڲٻعһΡ
æȥȥˢ
ȵȣǸˢˮԡ
ˮʲô
Ǹ㲻ˮر𣿡
̫áⲻҶζ𣿡
Ҿûͦ㣬˵Ժϻһ¡
аɣҷпգԼȥ
ߺң극ٿƤĤƤĤһ滬ľò΢ˢһ£ܽˢʣµľʵİ͸ƤĤ
߳˳ƤĤƤĤ΢һЩҲһܳõĲʡ
ڴȻ˵ֱ֣ʵ˾ޡ
ӴңĿ⣬ңڣ̵ãžͿֽˡ
Щȥ
ã˳ȥӥһˣǶЩˮʯң
ԣٸβ˵һпչŽؽѡ
ҪĵؽѱȽϴΪ˰ȫҪڵؽݳҪǽҪĽϱȽ϶࣬Ԥ
󣬹ЧʺܸߣˮשʯȲϵĹڲҪȻǾ뻻ûط
վƤĤǰ򵥵ýؽѵˡ
˳ǵ뷨дϡ
ǵרŽִķ֣ңҲʶдֲ˼㡣
д֣߽ӷŽЯƤȥҶˮ
ҶˮζôԣɫҲ˰͸ĺɫˮϸż˵ĵɫ֬ͣŻͦˡ
һ֬Ȼôճ֡
ףߵɴ۾ָյӵš
ôˣʣչһš
ˡ۾ˣһ㶼ˣͨ֬һ
ţôһǿԵͨ֬ã
Ҳôģ˵ɲ
粻ҪȥĤǶҶ
Ȳ֪Ҷ֬ܲڶһ˲ϳԣңֻС࣬ܵɽ
ɽϵĿҶֱܶ࣬ӸʮƤҲ˲֭Һ𤲻𤣬᲻Ū·ֱӽƤɽ£ֻСһ͡
Ū˰죬Żصҡ
ңȥ嶨ϣĶûȥƤĤֱӽƤгɿ飬ŵչ
ƤĤһһᣬܽĤϵ׽Ҷˢ
Ƥ֬ٶȴ죬Ʋ˺üθĭ󵽰õ֬Ҳһס
һܸоõƤлָ֬֬Ūû
ЩƤе̫ˣ룬Դȥˮ


169 
߼ſڵСԺ, ƤѵøСɽһ
ЩҶƤȥڲƤĤ¶۰ﶼѾ֣Ϊѵ̫, ҶӶеζֱ˱ӡ
Ũζһ, ľеɬζŲš
β˹ǽؽѣǽҶƤԺ, ÿ˶𾪵ı顣
β˴յǰСʵߴˣҪⶫǲҪӵ
, 溬кܶ, ҿܲŪá߽ƤгС飬ŵæ, ҪȥˮǱߡ
β峤תͷһЩѻɽĳªƤ, ʣôƤҪ͵ˮǱȥ𣿡
࣬ҰţǣƤ鷳ЦЦæңܿͻˡ
żװƤı, ĲҪǰæƤ͵Ǳȥ𣿡
߻ܾĿɨǵ, ȻʶʲôЦҲȤôƤ
ҲЦȻС㣬ҪԸǹȥæ, Ǿ͹ȥæ
֮, ǰæ, ҾͲܼˡ
УȸȥˮǱߣȻɽ޵ؽѣ˾˲ڣԼŪʲô⡣
ǶǳȤ߱㲻پֱܾӴȥˮǱߡιȥ˶࣬߻רŴ˼ڴǿƤͬʱͣٴԼһ㹤
ˮǱߣ߰ƤˮԣͷʼƤ
ЩˮôٶȲ죬Чһ㣬ʤĸͷ˷֮£Ҳܴ
ƤʵرȽһͱɺ״ˡľƤƤˣôҨŵˮ󿪺ˡ
һƤҪ飬飬ȻŻΪƤ
ң˵ƤûƤҲᶪߴռȥι
ռϲףʡһһ㡣
Ա߰æ¾ͰƤֹ˺ãõһǵͣоͦ𺳡
û뵽⿴ƽƽƤȻã滹͡Ƥɱժȡեͼ򵥶ˣ֪Ƥͣõ궼ȥ
ŹͣЩƤǲǸһ֣
ҡͷ֪ûĻӦû̫𡣡
СİһˮȽϴҨּһƤ
Ҫ֮ǰƤ꣬͵ǿԴؼֱˮɾһ;㰾ˡ
Լһ˸ЩҪһ磬һæûþ͸ˡ
ǵõ޺ˮĻǵ͡
ߴ۵ĺųŪõ˵Ȼȥʣµ
˵꿴ЦȤĻЩͰˮ֣ҷһݣǿоԼȥƤ͡
ͣĿӿſǾͲˡǸϽȥɣɫ磬ѵؽѽˡ
Ƕ׼ˣͲǴˡ
ֱӴǵɽļ
һֱĥؽѵ飬ڿյʯ˱ǣڵĲҲһЩ
߽װ͵Ĺ£Ծ˵ƻǵȰͳ
ʯһķΧֱӰһͿգ
ҡͷǣҪһ֣ǰѵͿա
ƣǲһȥͻȸӳ
׳ǵһһ߰ѳһ˼ͨ˳ͨҲͳӦò⣬Ǽʱ
βûмؽѣЩ˼˵Ҳ˵Һˮ΢Ϣһ£һࡣ
ɽϣµԱȽϸǴ죬Ҳڳˮ
߸˷ֳֹˮһģʽҪרעԼһ־С
βĴ඼ˣܴ󣬸ɻֲ͵ˣЧʼߡ
ڵؽţЧԶ
ǿܲõȼ죬ܰؽѽô룬
ңӥ˱ľ̿ʱǵĵؽѾڵ߰˰ˣԱ߶ŵСɽһ
ӥ˿һһѵµͳɽӥͳĵضﺰǸɵôˣҲæɡ
ðƵӵ´Ըæ֮á
ɽӥʣҪôæҲһ
Ժˮ࣬˶࣬ǽǽҲߺңңѴõƤĤùȻǽԷ⵽ǽϺ͵ϡ
ңȥǸù
ӥβһϣжʮˡ
ڵñȽ̫ûɽ߿ʱɴ˰ǽһ
ǽûʲôǼɡ
߰Ƿֳһ飬һ˶ʮ飬ÿ˷һǽһأôҷֿɻ
Ҹɻɵĺϸ£ˣǻѼɡ
ǵĵؽҲ̫ڲþȫˡ
ǵĵؽеë򳡣Ҳߣվڵص׿˺һˮˣڶҲǽֻһǽҪɹΡ
ȵصײ꣬㹻ڵؽѵ䴢䡣
ǵԽԽڵĴռѾ̫ãδǶԴռԽԽһԶ㴢ռͲ궼ˡ
쳤βӥ˰˴æڼҳ
˶಻ˣߺң˸ֽʳһԻ
ݱ߻ڰŵҶͣ˺棬Ҫʲôʱ򣿡
ˮְɾͿˣôС˯ǰܰáЦٹʱ򣬿϶Ͱˡ
ɽӥôã֪Ƥ͡
ҲͻȻ֣ʵƤ⺬ͱȽ٣ҪƤǵƤ
ɽӥʣЩͿ𣿡
߿ңһۣ˵ֻҪûͶԣֻ͵ζȽأ˹ƲóԡҪǸȤĻҲһݣлǵİæ
ɽӥԵò̫˼ܾ᲻ãֻԴĬˡ
βӥ˰æϴùư֮󣬰ȥ£Сŵ͡
չްͣʱȽ٣Խ㣬һƵˡ롢֦ȵζ˵һ㣬֮ǴȻζ
Żͦš
߾ŻСĿǰͣɻɫˣӦðòࡣ
ңתͷҪҪ»ȣһ
ѽĻҼж٣
롣ϴĥҩۣ㲻˵ҩοˡ
߾һ񣺡ǸϽԣ֪ҩʲôЧ
ȥòϡ
˲˯ѻҼҩóְѹʢװãһҪ͸ӥͳβ壬һԼãֻһСֳɷ
հõ̫ˣҲòôߵ¶ȣǵ÷ŵԱһ
Ϸ˸ڵŷ
ǰռУľʹ裬ǳַӦ
ֳַݣһݷҩۣһݲҩۡƤ͵ζͱȽϴҩ۵ζҲݷζء
ľģķתͷң˵ϲҩ۵
ңϸŹ󣬵һС飬ȥϴ衣
һС
ȥ˸ҶӳסкõС
еΪеЧУò̫ãżһΡҲûʲôϵ
˴ȥϴ裬ܿ췢ʵԽûȫɵϵʵؾͱȽĨϵʱҲܴݡ
֮ǰķҪã
ݱ֮ǰḻܣУ֮Ƥɲͣʡ
ϲüң˵ǲΪƤͱرã
ܣȷˣһ¡
á֮ǰ˶ɫķҪڷõĻǻԿͼķ
߼ӵͼķⱲҲŪ
˵ڷ滭ͼŪɽ塢֮ģȫû⡣
߽˫ַŵԺԼ˫֣֪ʲôʱռϣ֮ǰȽ
ôѼӦûʣȾ·õȾϣǻһ㡣
ҪɫȾϣǵɫرÿ
ǻһ㡣
߸ңĥ˰죬ĵʱ򣬰Ѿѷͼ˸߰˰ˡ
ɽͼֻҪɽ״ɫķӰ͸ҺͿ԰һɽڷˡ
ͬǻķǵķлķ
֮ǰķҶˣҲƳ¿
ֻҪǵƹأƷ࣬ͲͲո·̡
˵۾Խ˵ԼЦϣܼʱҪȻƷǻǸϲϣǾЩˡ
һ㣬һݡ
ҲУô˵ҲϺ飬Ҫչһ¹ڶǵıˡ
þõغңֻȥ
滹вٿҶƤ԰ȥƤ˳㿴һܲҵӣôõǵ˹һЩҪȻá
ˮɵúܿ죬߼ҵĵؽ͸ɵòˡ
صңȥһ¡
ڵĵؽѱȽֽ㹻ǽ˴ľ̿һؽ棬ܸоĿӭ
һõؽĿɵճĤˡ
ؽѵЧҲ̫˰ɣ۾ؿңߣӸңĸ첲ûо⺮䣿ϵļƤ񶼳ˣ
ңͷ첲һѣļƤûе¡
СҲǸ˵еϱӵıˣһı䡣
˵ҷִҵջ治㣬˵ʲôٲҲһĳ
ңߵǽߣľ̿Щľ̿Ҳ
ԶԶԣ֮ǰ˵Ҫľ̿ʪڿľ̿ζЧҲһȽ궬죬ľ̿ȡůʱǾͻһľ̿Ҳöŵ濾һһá
ң԰ռⴢ浽
û⣬ǾͰᡣĿôͨ𣿡
ңϸһͨ羮ãӦòᷢ˵ж¼
Ǿˣǻﴢ߲ˡ䡢ȴһͨ磬߲ôҲòˡ
תͷңļһ£Һ㣬ҪȻҵһ
ңЦЦͷǡ
ؽѽˣǳпգʼϵĲ֡
˵ӲѣѵҪҵ㹻Ľϡ
ܽ϶ڱ˶ԺѣǿȴƲ⡣
ŴнϵĶ췽ȫԴڰߣÿһҤϣҪһݡǷݽϲҲԸٸմա
ҲҪҵĽϣʽ
ػǽ֮ǰɽļǰ档
ͬµĵؽһǶԴʵĲֿ⡣
߲ԼҵĲֿ⣬ĳɾ͸мֱ
˭⼸ǽߵķӶ벻ǰƬϸûзӣÿסĶѣһη꣬´꣬С꣬ǣһĶ죬ҾͲòң񡱡
ڴ˷סú̿ȡů̵Խʣ߿Ժ˵ٷ֮ʮĹ͡
ٷչ꣬ǵˮƽߣʱǵĲɴׯҶܹԴ


170 
峿, ûɢ̫ͨŴɽ¶С߼ѾԹ, ׼ȥɻˡ
ڷ˰죬ûҵȥЬӡ
ӷ̽ͷĴǸ, ֪˫ЬرƤЬӷ𣿡
˫˫
ȥȥзз˫ߡ⡱شӷܳҽ컹Ҫңȥз
ôһ˵, ˣǸƤѹ¡
ܽȥңȻҵˡ
Ƥ°˫Ьͳ, ŵ, ԭ˼о, ߳ȥ
̧Ƥȥзз
, ȥзѼӣƲСз, зӦò̫, Ҫ˳з£źӵ̺ץ
ôõ, зӦַˣп, ȥڡ
뵽ззζ, Ϳʼˮ
ñ, 崨һǸ, ҳ˰, ңںӱߵҡ
Ҫɽ֮ǰתͷѣˣǸҪȻ԰ѷϣҪ㷹
֪ǿȥɡ
߱űֵɽңվںӱߵֻСҲˮתȦȥ
ң߰ɡ
ߣصضϣǽܰбװ
ңϵıһۣҲװٻ
˻ҪзԣҶóųˡ
ȵˮϣúıϵڶһ£ˮǳ
ˮԲԲ۾ſĹâβһڣһ֧ҵļһ˳ȥ
߱һǰ㡣Сľǳḻ΢һ£Լ͵˹
úңûС
ңԱߣתͷң֣İˮıεһЩ
ˮ
ͷСٶȺܿ죬ڵܶʱˡ
һǾ͵з֣ʱûг״ɽǱббзһ
ǼҵѼӾзСѼӲŸտʼһҲûмֻǹĶѼǿʼ¸µؽš
߾Ѽӵʱ˳ץһֻѼӣСѼӵĸ
ƿǲõѼӣëʻһɫۺ죬Ľ룬ضţץϸϸء¸¡С
߿һ£ûûˣʮ㣬ְǷ˻ȥ
ͬʱվܣңûоãķʷʲݺ;²˳øïʢ
ǳʱһЩʷʲݺ;²˹ߣڷʷʲݺ;²˲ֻˣµС磬һƬ
ңѼһ꣬ôѼڣֵö߲࣬˳úҲ
ҲǣѼӲ࣬ҪѼӶĻ߲Ӧûᱻǿй⣬硣
ȥ
зľѾܷḻˣֻҪһۿȥжϳĳǲззĻзûã
ңҲжϳ
Ǵ߹ʱɨһ۾֪÷ͣϸ쿴Чʷǳߣʮ߸ڳзڲΪЩзȥʳˣڶ
зص㹻ǵܴнͷͽΪڶзѡ
̫һߣȿеʱǱĶзˡ
߰ڵϣ˫ĿзҿзˣѨһƬӰ㿴ûУ
ңԱ߰æŵˡ
˵ơ
ʹһ£û취Ӹֳʺмзζµĳͷӵø죬°ѶѨڿȻڶѨз
౳׸Ĵзۿ㲻ȥˣǯӣǰ㣬вơ
˿壬óͷзƵзĺ󱳣ᰴסзıзһһӣֻзӵ˱
һֻװֻзʣµľҪˡ
ҵطϢһ¡
һֱųٵϰߣףܳһʱҲһ٣ҪǾöĻ߻һ͡
ǵʳѾܷḻˣҲ㣬ȫòίԼ
ǽžʹˮ巹ţͲװŵԲ̲裬㹻֤롣
뵽˵ͣʱöӿ칾ˣӿŲ߿Щ
ÿ͵ʱ򣬶еҰ͵ķΧ߻ͦϲԡ
극˿С˯һȻȥз
һֱڵ̫ɽǲŻȥ˶Ѿص˼ҡ
īˣڳæ
ŴһǱ̽ͷֵǲҪз׼˽ҧҲƽʱһǿҪŪЩʲô
߲һˢзɣֻֻзʣµˢɾҵȻͺ͡
һץ˶з
Ǻ߰ʮֻ϶С
ҸϦ˵Ǽҽз˵ҪϲԶץֻǣһ㣬зƷɲԣ
԰ǳӭҪǰзˢɾҿԶǻһ㡣
УҾȥ˵ˡˣǽ컹˵ɣϧǵɻˡ
ð죬ɣ˳ĥ㶹ɶƤ±֮ҲԶһ㡣ǻ˵ʲôһһ

ֽŶ죬½зˢˡ
߽з˽һз硣
Ǽһͦзÿ˶˳зľ飬ܰзȫͿա
зܻӭҳз⻹㣬֭ī˰跹
߿ǰ跹Ҳ̲סҨС뷹һ跹
ò˵صϵζԼзζ֭ζһζ˿ˮֱ
һŵöԲһȫˡ
зζʮֲźĴűзǼӲ⣬׻֣Ҳ࣬ܳԵĲֺͲܳԵĲֻһʮֿ˵ġ
ͺ͵ĻЩȱûˡ
Ϊ˶һͺͣصչһзü˶Щ֬Ƚ϶
ͺͣҪζôŨصͣͻơ
߽춼ڼﵷʳ죬һ̵ϷŵƷԱߵİ²ۣܾǼҵõر죬¾ˡ
ӻһСʳĲɣǻôȥ⵱Ȼõÿ졣
ԭǻȥȻ࣬࣬˶⻻ɡ⽴ʲôģӦûʣٲŶԡ
ǻ᲻ΪҶзƷ
һԭ򣬲˻ǶԲϡˣȥ˲
̨Ǳȥˡ
ıӰʳţȻһ棬˶סˣʳֱӱӵ˵ϣµµ˺üŻ֮⡣
æܹȥ׷׷̫ܱײûһ£Ʒ
磿̽ͷһû°ɣ
ǿ˵׼ڵ죬û£ƵȻͻˡ
˵ʲôû塣
վĬĬ̵ſߣߵߴ򲻵λã̽ԴǲǵãüǰǻһʱǸսõؽѡ
ôˣ
Ǽ㲻æһҸȥҰʱŵؽ㻹ǵõؽ𣿡
̧ͷĿԣͻȻ
ʿˮŽؽˣôû
Ǹҷڽˣ˵Ҫ·м䰭ְš
ȫˡ
ҺҲˡɰͰ͵˵ͷͨ羮ϣ󱳿װŵǸʱΪ˸ɾһصÿƬ˴Ҷӡ
˵ˣ϶૵Ըȥʱؽûг
ҾһµؽѲҪȽʵڡС˵ڱȫǳˡ
߱˵üƤ񶼿ˣݺݴ˴Լֱۺͣ˵ˣھȥ
Һһȥ
ͨ羮Ͼשǽǽľ̿ǽڻģľ̿õĳζͷųĻǲҪ𶪵ûһǽ
ĺ鷳
ᣬʱôæͷ˿أ
˼ϣηɵɽϡ
ؽѵڲֿ棬⼸û򿪲ֿȥֿⶼýˡ
æӼҳԿף˲ֿš
˳ֿУΪؽиӸסĹϵڲֿﵹûŵζֻһľͷζŸʳζ
ûеһ˿æ򿪵ؽѵĸӡ
ǵĵؽѻͦëôִָ䣬
ߴ¥ȥؽѵʱҲûŵõζһĪļζŻͦš
죺Ҫһ㣬Ըõò̫
Ҳ¶˿ı飺û£¶שȻÿҹ֭ˮҶӲ͸ɾˡ
ֵһۣȥͨ羮Ǳߡ
һ˺ü󱳿ÿظŸӡֲôڵؽȥ˺üҲû⡣
ַ߽ӵ°ڴ˴꣬ʿˮס򿪱ĸӡ
˱Ϯ׼û뵽򿪸һԣȻƤҳùߣûá
Աһ˴ߣɻʵûŵһζ
ʲôζʶһ£һͼζ
֣ûڵؽƷ
ϴͬɻɫ󣬰һָ𣬳ɵ˵ζԴڡ
ɣ
Ŷģָһ±⣬ܿͱӲĴиˡ
ֵǿ鳤ùߵȻӲĴС
һɸŨͼζָӲǸõ
ָһ⣬ָ
̽ͷµŵĴҶѾɵòˡ
ҶҿҶǿҲڣмӲζ㡣
˲аɴཫⶼȡ鿴
֣һСⸯõñȽ֮⣬ⶼӡ
ǰڵϵŵҶϣⱻ˺üΣùѾһЩ¶˺ں
ʱָиѣ۾滹ùߣ߼Ϊһ鿾õ⡣
ζҲǴõ⡣
ô£
ƴԺѰż䣬ڼĽҵƵ
泬ˡ
ͷСĵ⣺֣Ǹòذɣû
Ӧòǡ߻ƴ룬Ĳɵ˵ġ
⻹ܳ𣿡
ֵһۣ߷ǳȷ˵˵һ⣬ӣҪȻȥԣ
ʲôԵ
пӣ


171 ζ
ûԹ, ĳЩر𲻺ù˶ʱҲûؼҡ
ԶǴķù, ⸴ӣ˶˾, ôû
ҲСİڵؽˣ˵Щܻû
üѾˣôܻû, ңȥ˵
ǡæһקסǸ͵, ǲ±ң˵ĺû
ɣ⻹û
п֪ˡǸһжһ¡
³Ĳɹⲻ, صؽ˰͵õ档
ͷܴ, ûзָȥʱ̫ˣѾϲʲôҰ޵⣬ֻ֪Ǻ⡣
ŵ, õһ㷢ù
ֻһ, ¶˰ܿɫ֬ͽĤ
ǹ࿴벻Ѿ˿ʮ졣
΢΢ſͣ⣬ܳԣ
ûлش, , г㷢ùĲ֡
ܿ, ûһ, зùⶼѾиɾ, ʣһʺ⣬ž͸ϴûʲô
߶⣬ִչȥš
Ҳȥ
ϷͰѩͶһˣǵĶҲ֣ıӴչͷʹšһŻһſˮ°ϵĳëʪˡ
ǵǶûʲô⣬ûʲô⡣
һһֻֻǵԴԶЩŵû
Ҳôģóһ
ôüҪеĵҪҲУ
æܿǸģҪζԣ͸Ͻ³
æܽ˻ӺҶڼ׻˻
ԥһ£ƬƬǸһһƬ
ˣڵµľ˼ľһһľƬľϣʼ
еúܱľϣ΢΢һðݣɢ˵ζ
Ȼˡ˶ӣΪ˰ȫصض࿾һ
ú󣬰ߴ˴ϵ⣬һŽһӴ⣬һ¡ζãζ̫ˡ
ʲôҲûţͶûˢðݵͣȴζ쳣ḻζζ΢ζз֭ˮҧȻ쳣󳬳˰ߵϡ
߳Ծ۾ľʣµһŵǰ˿ţϤζܿƮ˳
Żǳţǳˣǲ˵뵽Ƿ⡣
档
߿֡
ͰҲƵľɫ
ܳԣӵˡ
ҾòܲܳԵ⣬ǺҵһúóԵķ
߿ǰ⣬Ŀ
պܺãһĺóԵöࡣ
ʵʶԣҰ۵ĺ٣󲿷άȽϴ֣Ҫͨƣ±ˮһϵֶúó
ּӹǼԲԭζƷĶǵϻζ
֡ɡķ۶֭ĿڸУԺǾͿַͨҲϺóԵ⡣
ͷƷ⣬û⡣
һš
Ͱ˫޳ɡ
ңī
Ѿڳ̵ؼˡ
ңһŵ˽ͬѰôʣʲôʳ
תͷЦһ£šҲŵŴǲǣ
ţҵµϣ
ǣⷢµĴķȻ㳢⣬úóٸôģ֪һһ
˵ʱ򣬹ˣʢֽܲ˿ŵ
ǽ;ţܲ˿ζ
ԱߵȺʱĶͣЪ֪˷Сܽæ˲ˣѾӣھ͵Ȳˡ
ҲˣÿţңͰĳݡ߽Χȹһ֣Ҫȥ
ңӭӹеһ̡
߽ӵݸңı飬Ȼǲʲô£
ңҲȻٸ˵ȳԷ
ô˵߸˵ضԷȥˡ
īҲ˵ر⣬ʱ¶һɵı顣
߿һۣ⿴֪ˡ
īͰ߶Ƭ̣תԴٴţȷϵš
߲ûй׻ɵı飬ֱӼţҧһڡ
ռẒ̇һȥŴ֭һҧ̣ζƽһ𣬺óԵ޲ýͷҲȥ
ⱲӳԹ۵һš
΢΢ָۣŵá
ԱߣͬԵͷҲ̧
īǵӣ̳һ۾Ҳˣʳٶ˲졣
īţȻһꡣ
۾⿴īܲ˿պ̵ʣĽϣﻹУԼʢ
īһ£վٳһݣ˷ʳﲻá
̲סЦ
ܵ˰һ˵Ĵӭ⣬ߺңҪȥ
īصʣЩôģҪҪһ㣿
˵ָָմ⡣
ԥһ£ӦǽٴһŽؽѡ컹û׺ȥҶӡ
棬ҪҪҰæ㳯գ۸
һһī
īֻõˣţȥ
ףֿң죺аɣҾͲȥˡ
ЦЦȻȥˡ
ʱĿҶӣɽͷУȥԶĵط
ߺңҶӣ棬һҶһ⣬ָϱĸӣڵؽѵͨ羮
߲֪ΪԵɺϣϴεڵؽɵЧΪǵĵؽ䣬ɻӦþȷˡ


172 ָ
߽ŵؽɺ, ڶһ׼ȥ
˵׼ȷ׼ȷ˵ȥһţҽؽƿĸӿ, »ӾȥȾ⣬ʹʧܡ
, Լһ飬ңһ飬ҪңҲûŵζˡ
˽䣬ߵͨµ¥ݿڴ
Сƿ¥ݿڵĸ, ¥ݿţֻеľͷζźǸ, á
תͷң۾ڻ谵ĲֿԵŵ˸ζ𣿡
ûУζҲûŵ
̫, ܷúáôȥӦû⡣߶ڵؽѿ, ԥҪҪȥ
ң֣ȥţŵñȽ
ҲеǲԶԶһ¡
ľ¥ȥؽѺܻ谵ΪͨڵĹϵԵûǡ
ֻǴ¥, Խ, Խ谵, ´, ߸оﲻԡ
ЯĻӣȼ¥ݿڵ͵ơ
һۣһ
ƵĻǵӰϵúܳǵӰ⣬һȻǵӰص
¥ݱ߶һÿŵذʻ֦бǵӰ档
̫Ưˣ֦ʹűУĻŲۡǣȻһ̳ǵ
ߵɴ۾תͷңʲôʱŲ
ңЦЦûشȴʾ߽
߽ЩĻûζüá
֦мŸӣСɾ¡
תͷңһۣ˶ӣף˲ʶʲô
ңЦЦʿˮֽǸ
Ӻܳأ尵죬ϸĻƣиû
ߴ򿪣һжȥǾޱɻ״ɫֵĺܺãм䣬иСӡ
СҲǰɫٴСӣСȴźɫĲöָɫĽףиеɫĹâ
߶ϸŷĥ˵ıʯƬ½ϻ谵͵£ʣĿ쳣
öָ̫ˣ·ŵϱҲƸУӣضֵơ
ңӷŵһߣϱӽҪָ֪ǲ֣
̧ͷ㻨˶ʱģ̫ƯˣϱӼκһöָҪƯ
¡ңָҪΪµҲ׼ˣԸ𣿡
ң˵ţһ˫ߡ
߼ңĿ˷ȡͷԸ⣡˵ţֶ˵һ飺Ը⣡
ңͷһ£ɤӵָҡ
ңýָһöָңϡ
ȭͷֻؼĵû뵽ǲǳѲӵʱ͵͵ģ
ȫǣȥԵʱҲһ㡣
߶ԼָϵĽָ˿ſ˫ۣһ
ңЦһ£ס
öָЩ飬ʮдڸС²ҲܸоĴڡ
ң۾ǻңǻţصһ
˱˺һɿִָ֣૵Ҳˡ
ΣǾ͵ðöָժ
ңǽȥɼ˳˴ҪΪµϢ
ڰϾٰΪµʽɡ
áңǣ֣ȸ߰һ
߸оָеˣǣֵʱڸиԣЦ֪ǻʲô飿
ǽΪ¡
ʵͲһʽ·ˡãÿŵһֻ˱ϵĻһ£ʲôʱģ
硣ԭҪôܿ㣬û뵽ûڼҡ
ҿȥˡôһ˵ҺȻıе㲻ԣ֪Ĵɣ
Ƕû˵Ӧ֪
˵Żüɽߡ
ѾһܾˣʽİҲͲһʽ˵ӦϷ޵״̬ɽһ뵽Ҫ˵ļ֤ʽΪ£ƲסŲЩ
ɽ·ߣûת䣬ң̧ͷеζ˵ŵİ˵ζ
ţǲ˹ˣ
ˡ
ǿǰֲˣ˫ϲŰ߿㡣
ңܣΪȼˣû뵽ܽˣǷȴǿˡ
˺ܶˣǳСһȺС˿ںȥˮУͻһתȦȦ﷢Ľǳ֡
߻ûȥܸܵˮĿ֡
Ȼǿˣϲ֪ǲǴʲôʯ
סںСϣֲﲢḻܻΪ󺣣Ѽ顢ɺʯҲϲǡ
ߺңصңԶ͸Ⱥ˴кôˣ
˵ǼҵֻСˣſ˴Ͻ
ӦÿˣСúðɣ
лǶǵչˡ
ӦõĹлǰСǡ
ݼ⣬˵ʱ򣬳࿴Щ׶񡣰ȴϲȺŵζˣظ˵˺һ
īڼдˣ˵ʱͿ˰ߺңϴĽָĿһֱǵָϡ
߲ǸĿ⣬Цһִ֣̹һɬ˵
ң䣺ǴڰϽΪ¡
Ҿ˵ôȻ˶˾ͺáοʣ϶ģ
ߵͷ
Ҳô£׷׶˵ϲҪʽΪˣףǡ
ллЦ룬ǰˣҪҪס죬μǵİʽ
㿴ңҿ㣬ʣ𣿡
Ȼ㣬Ǳרд˵ķӣǿסǱȥҸ˵һ
īҪŴԲɼҸ˵ˡ
ðǸ˳ߴڰϽΪµϢ峤һ˳𣿡
Ӧīš
ˣҲڼҡ
ȥ̺ͲҶԺļ׻ϸ̲衣
ϲǷŵ͵ĹﳴڻٵҶһ𷭳ֱ΢΢ƣ̡̺ܿڣɢϢ
߸һ˵һ룬ǣ˿ֻС⣬ǹбʲôҪ𣿡
һ˵˵￪˸̵꣬ʲôԻ
˵˿̲ĹĻ뻻ֹϴεذ׵ߡ
㣬ڵƷر࣬ȻȥֻҪʣʲôܻõһʱûУҲб˸ҡ
Ǿ̫ˣǻǴͱʯǿɫ
˺ʯͷɫ崿챦ʯ챦ʯʯ̱ʯɫʯУҲɰɺ鱴ҲƷϼѡ
߿һ±ǵ̵꣬ܣǾѡư裬ߣճþߣʯʳֻҪǿϣ߾ԸŻݵļ۸񻻸ǡ
˲Ըռ˱ˣԺļ۸񽻻߶ӡܺãְǵˣʮִ󷽵ظ˫ּۻۣŸԷദú졣
߸ǽ궫صشڰӥ
ĹУ߿ˣ˳ңҪڰϾнΪʽϢ
ҶԴ˱ʾϲϲ˵Ҫ׼
˳ҽϢݳȥӭ˵ʱμǵʽʱǻ׼ʳдңҲҹ֡
ֱ̾¸ġ


173 
̷һ·, ÿ˵ƣ
ǿߵĵһʱ䣬ȴ׷¶Цݡ
վǰ棬ԴЩʣûɣ
߿ǣʼ, ¶źı飺Ϲ, 졣
δ, ˲ը˹
ܣҲ˺, ǶˣӦһˡ㲻˵ûİ̴ʨ徭ôܻ˱ȣ
ɫص˱ǻ˺
Цֻ˵˱, û˵˱
ɿҾ˵Ӧû˱ǻ졣
ЦˣȽȲ衣д壬ûж, Ȼȥӥס𣿡
еطסУǲƵ
˵СĴӱóҰɫϸ
ЩҲͰָô֣ô, ˵Ĳۡ߿ǣ˲ŲĿ⡣
˵˺þòҵڵĸ࣬ӦܶڵһЩ, ҪĻǶٸڡ
߹˲ϻشƣæ⾥ŵǶСᡣ
ǱѰ¸Ƥ, ҲŵһɵϤζ, ǲȷ⵽ǲǺζ
ȥز鿴һС, û취ЩǺ
̧ͷƣûжϵģҿô
ƺˬǿԴӱһС, ȥ
ҾͲˡ
ץסһСغһĩϣ˲䵭İ׽ӿƮõǡ
ʱһϵĶ͵ߣҧһСڶ档
ңۼֿץס󣬡ҳԡ
û¡ߵǶССĺϸƷ󺬺˵ȷʵǺζ
κŵζе㲻̫ԵĿɬͲľϢǰ߼еζ
۾ˣûǺ
ǻ˵Ŵӱóһ㿴
߶ϸŷǾȻһ鷢ѿĺǺҶдҶ̣ԵúǾ
СĽӹѿĺٻҶӣеģֻҪࡣ
ƹ۲ı飺ôûдɣ
ûУǿһ鱦أϲ˵̫ˣҪĺһҸôơ
ߵʱ̴ʱԼƵķӽڵԼʱˡ
Ƹ˵У
ס죬μҺңİʽ
¶˵ı飬ﻹֵ𣿡
ӭԽԽá߿ɫôȥӥǱ߰ɣ
ͣ
ȻллǰѺǴ
˳ԷʱһԻݡ
Ҳ⣬صһ
̻ҲۣڸмѣԵ޲ڡ
֪Ū⣬ﰵ߱ǷеúǸˣȴһֶû©ȥ
ϰ⣬ܾҲֺǺǵسһٻīȥӥ塣
ϣߵ͵ƣҹ˳ƵĲ衣
ǲ֣߰ƹ̻ʽ򵥼֣ҲԴļʻһ֣ͼݣ׾ܲ³
ߴȻúٸϸһ顣˽ͣٽͼ̣Ǽ䡣
ߺң⼸æ
˿Ҳţ׼ʽҪĲϡ
˵ĸҲ׷׹æ
Ǳ˸ָĶΪߺңİʽ׼ɽϷŲ£ǾͷŵɽСӱߡ
ˮֻСں桢Ϸˣ˳ǿʡ
īΪͳŸָѾõĳĬ˴δһдڸУ˵ÿ仰ÿǳʡ
ֱΪʿһԱīһʵ߳ˣй峤Ļᣬֻˡ
ߺң·
˲ûд·аʽϰߣУ㰾ҹ·
·õȥȾĺ첼ӵеõĲϸܺʵƽߵʱõһλ·λûЩϣõϡ
ߺңϾаʽ·еϣæ֡
˵ˣҲæǵõϢضæˡ
аʽǰߺң£Ҳ˾Ŵ乲ͬ¡
ҶͶⳡʽУæȻ졣
˽Ϣ˺Զߵĳϱߵʨ嶼õϢ
ϲи˴ף
ʨڰڵǰһ֮յظϵˡ
ͬ塢ͳë壬ǽͬ
Ϊɵظ·һ˿|ֺͣݣԵ÷ǳǱǵȣǵľȴԵ쳣ܣ۾ǳ
λ׼Ӵǡ
Ӱ˵ϲ㣬ҪңΪ£ҸҪĶ
Ӱ˵ſ֣һѺɫСԲԲָֻͷСϴīɫĹ
²⣬ҪȥСԲ
ӰɴذԲϣҪҵǸ˹ӳò̫ҶӺ;񣬳Ҳⶫر촽ˣһźá
߶Բú֮ǰҵԭʼӡ
ʣ˰촽ˣò
Ӻƨ|㲻㣿Ӱһ˵Ҫҳҧζ뻹Ϊжⶪˡ
߶룬󿪣档˲ʱһɻĸоӿоǱʲôҧһڡ̲ס˻һصͬʱͷϻϸСĺ飬ⶼǱġ
ҶӰдһֻҪҵɣ
û߽ӹңݹˮ˺üڣűǼлллǡǾʽ󣬻ôСޡ
Ǿô˵ˡ
߿ǻվԭأкǣҶ¡˵ллôԶϹϢһ£ʣµĵǾʽ˵
ʨ峤ЦҲιһǵʽǵʽ϶úʢ󡣡
ңһôʧ
ڶҪʽҲǾ۲ˣ˷ֱŵʹ壬Źμʽ
ҹ̸ϹʱۻˣֻҸطúϢһ¡
а˻æ˴ȥ
콫ʽڣҲǰߺңΪµӡ
ŴѾ׼ˣ߼Ҹ˷ǳ࣬ɽºӱߵ࣬׼ҪԵʳʽϵװΡ
ߺңΪˣ˸ϻɽϣҪúϢ
ڶ죬ʱ򣬰˹
еȣң˯Աߣִм䡣Ųĵһʱң۾ԼŲŲƶŴԣˣ
תͷãǸˡ
˯һ
˯šץңּ֣ˡ
ңͷĶͷһ¡
ڴһӣЬߣһţͿſھŸľӡ
ûľš߾ҿһۣľС
ľ·ɫ·Žɫߣ׺Ŵıʯ顣ڰ֮£·ҲԵ쳣
·о·쳣أǾϸ
ң֪ʲôʱѾվ˰ߵı󣬿·˵ÿ
Ǹˡ߶·ۿͣһ˺ܾõĹǲǰҹŰ·͹
Ǹ·ʱһ÷ǳġԣ
ȥϴ衣תͷңϴ裬ٴ·
ߡ
ŷ·ذɽȥϴ衣
һϴôֳַϴ衣
ߺúýԼϴһ飬ذüë޽ǵëȻŴ·
·ȹ㣬ܿһ׹зǳá߽ϣٰϸȳԵ쳣ͦΡ
·ͷѥӡ
ң֪ʲôʱվɽڣп
кûü˵ڣ۾ô
ңÿҸոΪ񡣡
ЦЦң
ңϵ·ӦúͬɴϣȴԵ쳣
һοң·ڼʱʱңһɫëȹűۻԵʥȻ
ңһϮĺۣ񣬰ȴûңϲַоڸֻң·
ʿˮң۾ңĿͬ˻ȡ
һǱظƽ·°ڣ壬Ͱ͵ˣǸȥˡ
ңͬƣá
˸Բƽð죬һƽã϶Է۾һЦ
Ҫϵۣŵ׼Ρ
ң׽סֱۣƵѡұȥ
ңѵۣЬӣѣڰǰһֻɫľ
ңϣң
˾аʽĵصںӱߣǵʱ򣬺ӱߵˡ
ǹеǡ
˴ԶȺ𣬷ڳ֮¡
īڣվԱߣǺͿһΡ
ңŰ䵽ǰߴңغǸ磡
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