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ݱǩ  촩 ˬ Ϯ
ؼ֣ǣ  ǣܶ  ˬ
һ仰飺Ǹ߾Ⱥɽ
⣺гᣬʰƷ
ƷʮأڹԲȥι۵Ļᣬıǿ۽磬׷߸ҽѧ·һϵȴһһ޳ԴˣղŲæӣԼĴϮ֮·һķˬľΪĸΪڽգԾСϳأСܸɾɰϷʮ㡣һƪɶõĺģֵһġڶСҰĴƷ


1 ϵ׺С糡
ճҽѧңΪȫǳҽ
˷һô˵Ļ˵ǣҵðˣȻ˷
ΪԼбҵ˾Ǵѧҽרҵʱѧҽ̫ѡҽѧΪԼĵڶѧλ飬ѧҵ֮ΪʶҽĳЩϵĲ㣬תҽеٴҽѧ˶ʿооҵ֮Ϊ˹ܲŨȤתȥԶҽѧʮǧרҵĲʿо֪ĻΪѧУҵĿأ
ýѧ𣬲һǮǮ﷭·ӡ
Ҳʿҵ֮ģʼǱҽĶʦһֱɸ֪֡ڡ;֪±йϵ˾ҽԺĻʵ֮Ȼһʰ
ֻϧҽ߲ҽջΪͻಡ̨ϣµĻֻһзɹǰϦ
ֻû뵽ǣûȥ
Ϊ֮УͻȻһգ1987Сҽ˵һˣѧԺԺʿ߿ѧߡҽʮأзҽеƶѧΪмԴ˼СĹףۺظ˾һԸ
1987С磿
ۺظ˾
⻰յʶͻȻһЩϾڴ֮ǰѾ˼ʮִѧ
Ҳ˵Щ񻰹¶ģڵ粻ڶ΢һ
һ̣ͻȻֱŷ޵֪̽ϾʮǰѾһСվҽѧ۷֮еһˡ
˵ȥ翴
ǸǺԥԣҪż䴩Խ磬Ҫ֧һʲƵĹ£Ȼʹ¶㱾ӵеĹ˵ٷ֮һ
𣿡
պԥˡ
˵꣬ͻȻһʧ֮Уֱӻ˹ȥ
ȵٴʶʱ򣬾ͷһ˫ߡ
գ
ǿԼصƤŷԭڸ塣
˷յ˫ۣϵĶһͣˡ
ʲôѷշתùͷϵˮҩƬãȳҩɡ
ŷԼֺҽʹ
һɰļӿԺ
ǰгգ22꣬ǰոմѧҵ
һĴѧҵһǣǸȻոձҵûãȴѾҵˣʲһڣԱǧˡ
׻˵ĺãǷǶ࣬Ժ;ȣֻܵ಻٣Ĺ˾ҲѾҪƲˡ
黹ôǰүүԪһ˵
ԪǸسǵ֪ࡣ
һйӡ
һҲԪ䣬ʱȢģԷһҲĳӳڡ
ҷſ֪س֮Ȳػص˳
ǻس֮ŷ֣Ĺλһܲһӣû֮ѡʷ׸ҡ
̫үǸƽĸ̡
Էҹͳĵڶӡ
˽֮ûþһӣҲǳյĸ׳ɡ
ֻûãҸŮһ
ҵǮȻҲȫ˳Ԫ
ȻԪҲıˡ
ȷҸŮᣬͰµԪ˹
ʵϣЩһֱϵûٱŷҸŮ͵͵ǼǮ
Ȼ󣬳Ÿĸ￪ŵĶ磬ԪŷҵǮƺͷ洫ؼ˹˾Ѿʡպҵˡ
ʮ󣬳ԪؾͽĳӳΪ˼̳ˡ
ǰĸ׳ɵȻģͱԪ򸾹ˣǰҲвĺ󳾵ļơ
һҸûкͳҲʵ
һҺͳԪһҵĶԹֹˡ
ǰԪأι˥ߣҪΡ
Ψһͳɹǰĸ׳ɡ
Ԫ³ŵֻҪɸΣѰ˳ϼҲȫɡ
ɴӦˡ
Ϊô˵ԪףԪȻƫģٴûп
ҼʮڵĲƲôܲġ
ʵ
û뵽£˸֮ûãԪֱ˳Ϊµĳ¼ҼҽµһƲȫת˳ڡ
ͬʱ˺;ؼҵǳڵĶӺؼҵļ̳ˡ
ǰһҵˡ
ԪŵѰ˳ϵĲƲȫǡ
ԪڻûڵЩҵͲŲȻҲͲʳˡ
ں;ؼҵΪ̫ү·ŵʱûٰסͬһţˣоؼ̫ү
ؼ̫үأǱȻġ
ؼ̫үȻǸмѣԵƽ֮󣬾ͶԷ̫үһ׮Լ
ֻϧؼ̫үȥ֮Ͳˡ
ؼұǮƣؼҲϢô꾭ӪؼѾǹҽҩҵͷ
ʱʮܹ̫꣬үĶݵշתҵ˳¼ҡ
ؼҲؼ̫үǰ˵Ļæǲ̳غ¼ҡ
öغһ飬ȻϣؼܹлԼġ
ؼҴӦˡ
غһߺǰԼᣬһ߾ͺͳڵĶӳܹˡ
һǰһֱӴ׷ؼҺͳ¼ҵвһڱ͵棬ѳԪǵȫ¶˳
Ҳ֪һ¼ҿ϶Źǣǰתͼ޸ļҵãҲǰˡ
գ
Ϸˡ


2 
վþûзӦְҩƬˮǰͣҩ
Ż
΢΢üӹҩƬˮлл
һѹȥĻеľš
ʵϣǰòûз֮ʵ
Ϊļ̫үҲǵܹҸŮݵ֮еһԱļҲŻӦǰ
ļҲЩ˼ؼ֮⣬ʵ˼ҡ
ֻļҵĸѧ磬ǰɷþһλҡ
ļֻܸǰһЩʵİԼԼǰһЩҪ鷳ٶΪˡ
Ǿǰؼǣߣ¼ҳֱ֣Ӷϵ˸ǰĹ˾Ĵ
ǰĹ˾ܼҾӵģƷ綯ˢɨػˣȡ
Ϊ繺ٷչ˳糵ԷչزŻѸ٣һԾΪҵ¹
ǰҰֹˣĿܻˡ
Ϊгж޷
ǻھ2.5ڸʮϵˣʧ˸ǳ4000򣬸˵ȫˣǵŮȴͬʱ縺ҵصȻԽԽԳеչ˵ķΣ˶ȥԺķá
ҵڶԣδ80%ϵֻܻͨ˽
˵˭ҵǰУ˭δ̡
ǰǰĴ֣齨о˵ʵҡ
зһǮ飬οǰ̵ִ̯
ǰǰ֮ΪʱҲΪ¼Ѿһˣг¼ڣȻʧܡ
ڴ֮ǰԪͳһһֱڸˮǮĿۿѡ
ԴˣǰһҲǱһҪһɼΪ˲ϧԼļҵȫͿȥ
ǰһҲǺףԪΪʲôԸǲǮ׾ǲ˷̫ǮҲ뿴һҳɹǵƿء
ǣһǰ鷢֮󣬳¼ֱӶǰһҵʽ֧֡
ǰһҲûǮˡ
ļҰæһǮ
û뵽дûˡ
ƫƫһ׶εʵϾҪɹˡ
ΪҶܻ˵ķչҲӣʮһѮǻ˲ҵչᣬļҹ˾ĲƷⳡϴʣôܵõĴ֧֣ʽͶ˰Żݡ
ҲǰΪʲô֪ؼҺͳ¼ҲŹ£ҵϾ޶ծҲҪǮĿȥҪԭ
ΪΨһܹĻˣֻҪĿܳɹ̨ؼҺͳ¼ȻĿŵضԸǡ
ǰû취ֻܵүүͶʣͶȻٲҪӦ꣬ǰǰ˹֮һСĴ¥ˤȥˤһֺֻһȡ
ֻһθˡ
ؼҺͳ¼ҵĴлںأڵ֪ǰĻĿѾɹ֮
Ϊˤֺȣǰòڴ˽£ΪڹǰĹ˾ֱӾͱؼҺͳ¼ͱɸӣǹ˾ʧ𣬺Աǩбܺͬȫջ٣ŻĿҪǸоԱߣְ˳һǰĿƼ˾ǰ˾ǷԱ޶нˮҲ˳ȥ죬ǰ˾ĹƱֱӵͣ
һش֮£ǰģϣһվͰˡ
뵽վˮҩƬȥ
ôһ˲Ļ㱡
Ϊû뵽ǸصȻġ
Ҳֻˡ
˵ϲǲܵġ
ֻһ㡪
ԭֻ뻻ԼʶѧϰԼûнӴȽû뵽ḽžһԹ
ճҩ˵Ϣ
˵꣬ˮ裬ת׼뿪
ŷӦ쵽ھȻչ
˵أ
չĻ
ͣ½Ųĸ׽ʮ٣ٻȥˡ
⻰ĬĬ
ú֪ôˣ
ղڵŲŲ壬ջ˵Щڼ
ΪһֺֻһȻѾʯ࣬ǻû취ߣҪϲǵԱ߰æУԲЩΡ
ϾúڵĹϵЩͬѰ
תһ룬Ҳ˵ǲͬѰΪͬӦòǣϾûйⷽľ飬
ãӦҲǣϾôͬӦֻΪ˱ҲΪ밲סǰһеĻ֣̿ŻӦǰġ
뵽յɫʱ̹Ȼ˲١
⻰ã
ˮڵϡ
ʵϣǸͬ
Ҳתһ룬㣬ϲغغǸһǳտ϶Ҳ㣬ͬ£ϸʲôģҲûʲôɣ
뵽óĽë΢һá
õеˮ裬ǰա
˵طڷյĵǺõģòøѿӡ
÷ŷգɵһ
ȻĿˮϡ
ˮڵķȺܺá
ӵ㹤Ҳغܸɾ
ԡ
˲Ǻʶ˿Լġ
˵õͬأ⡭Բ̫Ծ


3 
ղûע⵽Щ
Ŀ⾶ֱԱߵһ澵ϣصӳģ
ǰĿһװңٻе֣Ȿͺ󣬸˵Ա߻վһٱá
õȷúá
ͦխüë׺һ˫ۣƯ峺ԣȻͦıеĺ촽ƺӷҵЬ䣬ĶĶд޴ĸ֡
֪Ϊʲô
ղɶ࿴һۡ
̲ס룬ôˣҲ֪Ķţࡣ
ҲʱͻȻһ
Żع
æֵֹĶȫ׵һߣȻѷշشϣת˷š
˺Ȼǳɺɽ
ңգһ磬˾ĹɶЩͶʹ˾ĴͶҪǰЭعȨ
ֻй˾ٷ֮ʮĹɷݣҪǰڵĹɼ۰ѹɷȫջҪڡ
ò˵ˡ
οǻǷء
й˾Ա˵ٲʣȥͶָǡ
ɽͬ糾ͣؼҺͳ¼ҸǼʩѹˣ׼ٰ㣬ǰĹƱҲȫ׸㣬ǳԲ˶ߡ
϶ǲֻӦ
ɽе϶Ƕǰġѡ
ǰ˾ʱҲƵͶһǮǰͷʱҲǸ֧ԮǰǰǲٵĹɷݣаٷ֮ʮҡ
ɽ˵ǾúܶԲס㣬ֻбżǧ򡣡
˵ţֱóһп
˭϶ҪôͳһһǱϵ֧ҪôǱ˽ͷϵĻӡ
ЩɷݣʱǮ߸УûǩʲôعЭ顣
ңѾͼַˡ
ɽ赭д
գʲô
ɽһνҲͿЩ˵ˡ
ɽҵͳռҲࡣ
⸸ͽıڣײмĸ˵ĸĻġ
ĸǿģҾʵҲǿ⸸ڿʵĸѾˣ˲ͬŻ¡
ԭѾˣĸҪ⸸һǮ񣬻һ׷
ʱҲǨˡ
һҹֱӾͱĸ䲻⸸ˣȻ޹˼ɵػ˻顣
Ů˺ƫƫĸ岻ãֻܴ̥ܰɽ
ȻûΪȥˣȻɽͱַ˴Ƶ⸸ˡ
Ϊ֮˸ŵԵţǽü궼ûºӡ
Ϊ⣬ɽǹ˼ӡ
ֻϧûã⸸һӣȻɽֳ˿еСˡ
ɽοһǳ¼ҵĹӣҪǲ뿪ңʲôڰų¼ҿ㡣
Ͳó¼ΪǨŭͷء
ˣȻûʲô£ǸȴʲôģӦûǿԵġ
ԣ̲סֳһĨЦ⡣
ǰȻͳһе۹⻹ǺܲģٽѶΪ֪ЩǮǰʮа˾ղġ
ôһ룬ջͦϲǵģҲԸһѣ˵лˣɽ磬ǮˣǹɷҲš
ɽҲЦˣֵܣʲôл
Ȼ˶Ƿˣȴ÷㡣
ԳһҲЦڵĴǸɱڣɶƹƱͣ˾Ʋڼ
ҾҲٻԪʽȱڡ
ڰھһңҲòôǮ
ؼҺͳ¼Ҫư
⻰һԵҲ̲סüͷ
ְ˰̫Ѩ
ҪȵоȰǰ鷳ȫС
Ȼռ˳յ壬ôҲøɡ
ԷЦˣĿһԵĵϣȻд1110ա
˵򵥡
⻰̧ͷ뿴ա
ɣеĴȲϾǩͬģҼǵٻǽףлԼȣ˿㡣
ЩͶʹ˾Ҫ˹ɣԣֻ˸Ǳ𣬸ҪôӦҪôȥԺǣǷԺеÿ죬ǹ˾Ʊÿ졣
Ƿнˮ¡
һߡ
ƼǷԱнˮһǧȴϲǧԱɹ΢ϣٿһɫġϰȫҡƼƲ𡿡в¶һĨ⡣
Ǹһҵһ
Ҫ֪û˳¼ңʲôǣ˳¼ңǽٲ
غȴĪЩֱɲڳա
һԵ飺Ǳʲô𣿡
ֻ˿ʱûС
ԣЦ˵ΪѾûܾȵˣǳԴУʲôˡ
ļңһȺӣƶĺܣжǮӺ⹺ʧҵϰߣʣµǵҵױͱһ͵ĲˣﻹõóôǮ
⻰غĵ׵ĲȻɢ˴롣
˵ûһѾûзĿˡ
Դˣû̫롣
ؼҵ֮ԻӦͳΪҪĴȻҪȱĴٵöࡣ
˭뵽ϲϳܡ
ϾպͳȻֵܣһòªӼ߰ߣ޲ɼŪڹ֮ж֪һ񣬲Ż磬Ǹ˶ѡߡ
οܲǳ¼δļ̳ˣҷ洫ؼҲڳһ֧ؼҶԴ˺ܸȤ
յʱʵʵѡ˻飬ؼһǳ¼Ҷᰴճŵǣƫƫѡǡ
Լ㷽ҸŮȷؼ̫үٰΪһҵԵʣؼһҺ֮ɨأҲ㳶ƽˡ
һҾ벻ǣǵһڱ͵ͱ˳Ҳ𺦲ؼҺͳ¼ҷֺ
ϾͷҺţļû¡
οؼƴ˭ðŵǵķգͱȥ
Ҳ³һҹǽع⵽ȥΪǸƿغе
ҲΪʲôǸҶԳһҸϾɱҪԭ
뵽غ׵ط
Ŷү٣ʦˡ
ˣǰһվߣǵô
غĶͶҲǻ˲ҵչᵱ죬ʱûʲôĻµĿƼ˾зĻ˻ڴϰεͷʱ˫ϲš
غá
ҲʱֻͻȻˣֻһжˣǷһ΢
һɵؾֻֻдţ
ǰģȥάֹ˾תˣˣĶڶѾˡ
ǷнģǲǷһǧ򣬶ǷһǧŰ
#ͬ#
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غüͷһ壺շ𣿡
˵ϴףȴǷнʵĿ˳
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ȴ˵á
մʲô⣬Ҵǲµˡ
Ц˵Ҳѵͬ𣬿ƺˣ̳ϿǴûֵͬ˵ⲻ֪ǹ֪ǹ˾ǷôǮֻ֮ӿֻţĹ˾ĹƱҲֻĸ졣
ƶԻٳǡ
΢ȻѾˡ
⡪ϰеʵͷ˰
ͻȻеЦϰô£
ĽǰΧʷֱϰ塣
ǷôǮ϶ҪƲˣԭҪҪƼĹƱһѣһƼȥˣƱأҺñŮסˣûҪȻҲÿ
õĵ綯ˢƼģ˶˻ûԭ˫ʮһʱҰҲ֧ģû뵽ԭƼȻҪƲˡ

غû˵ǶڳܵжΪȻ
˵߰ɣȥ
Ҳغͳõȥʱ򣬱ΪƼܻӦ̹ϰ塯ŴѣԹת˸ͨѶϡ
ƼĹɼ۹ȻӦȶҲһ¥
Ҳʱֶˣ˭˵ٿֻͨ΢Ѷ
ɽˮҲ漴ϡ
ȵȣȱЦָ·Աƴ࡭Ƽ콢꣬ȳΪ
#1.0ְıLC2c7Bi8߄#
ʲô
Ѳ!!!
֪ʶص㿪ӣȻֱӾͽһֱ䣬򵥴ֱдš˫ʮһȫ۷ⶥѭŵ¼е󡭡
ʡУʡУƼ˾ƼƲˣϰδ𱨣Сӹɼ飬ϰƲûа취ͼۼƷֹʡԭ۶ǧࡢǧࡢٿĲƷͨͨһͨͨһغ㲻ˡ㻹ѪǮѪǮ

͡еħԡ
ҷ·ֻصܵ˴ŵ·ʱ򣬱Ƥﳧ֧Ŀ־塣



4 
Ӻ󣬵ȵܺغ֪ϷʲôµʱѾѵˡ
˵ʲô
еֱӵ˵ϡ
غϵЦݸ˲ûˣóֻ
ŷֳղ֮ɶֱѭţҵȫд˳콢ҳÿһƷ
ڲԱƴ࣬Ƽ콢ƹ㡣
ٿ΢ȻѾըˡ
ֻ˵йϳԹһȦû뵽һͱɡ
С졢漰˵ĶԹҲΪԼڿѪ硣
¼ңǳݵǸ¼ң
ؼңѵʱҩҩǸؼңǿǹŵϺŵĺŰҼǵǼҾμӸִƹš
һӲԣһƼȴ𱨣ܳܳܳܳܳ
ǳԪ׵߸Ҷ˵ĿʲôΪһ׸ռ˷ҵļҲת͸Ӹգ÷ҶӾŵֻҪɾξ͸Ҳһ־ͳϷԭһ˵Ŀûޡ
һʮл¼Һؼңǳɹĵˣһ뵽Ҿˡ
ŹȻֻǱʣﲻ֪ʲôӡ
ȵȣ侲һ£ЩֻƼһ֮ʶѣһЩƼأ
죿ɵˣƼ˷ˣƼֻһ˹˾ѣֵߵʱžڣ¼Һؼʲô˼ңǧڸ¼Һؼˮ¼ҺؼҾ㲻ɺͼҲ˵֪𡣡
һȥϵϽͳԹȺڣһˡ
ȣؼԼдĻ¼ؼ̫үȷǺͷ̫ү·ŵͬһط귽ҸŮȷؼ̫үչˣ73ؼ̫үأǷ̫үκõġ
ԪҲȷҵŮҪȻһ˴ƶũͥˣĶؼݡ
ǰеȷƼӪ״õͻȻͣ˸ƼĴ
ps.ҳԲеĵ绰˽ˡ
ԭƼļǸҲȷǼ۵һΪƼĹ˾ҹ˾ǳܡ
˵¼ƬΪ֤ͷ鿴ö΢ɡ
¥ţŹȥʮӣҵô֤ݡ
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@@ʱҩ𣬸ҲҳԸ
ҪѵƼܵĻջˣת͸ǣȫҡ
@@ʱҩǲƲֱݡ
Ƴݣʱҩ

غ͵սеֱֻð
Ѿˣôܣ
غһһһСƳˣ
һж˵ͨˡ
ԳͲµǲعسҵĳµĻģΪͳεƿߵĵһŻ΢
˶Ϊ΢ΪҲѵͬ飬һֻӿƼƲٶȡ
ͳܷ΢ѡ
Ҳǡǡǿ׼һ㡣
ʵϣҲѵͬģҪǣҪȶȳ
ɹˡ
Խ˳¡
ˮ³ѱվǵƿطΧ֮⣬ֱӾըˣЧں˱
ؼҺͳ¼Ҽַ֪ǽҪʲô
ֻϺͳϾƼ
죬ҧгݣաôң
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غҵڴ֮ǰƼ콢ķ˿ᳬʮ
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Ѿûصˡ
˭뵽վȻ辶ѹƽ̨Ҳһ
ҪƽʱﲻЧΪƽ̨ôܱȵù΢οƼֻЩƽ̨Ƹеһңƫƫײ˫ʮһʱ㡭
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ˣڿ˫ʮһôȶȣôܷŹ
뵽Ƽ콢ֱﲼõġ۷ⶥıǽغɫԽ
һ
Ǻơ
⻹ʶǸӵ
ͬʱɵҲˡ
û뵽յһײȻЧˣЧƱը
ԭսô棡
գǰô֪ôء
ɽѡ
ҲЩؿŷգħԵġƤﳧ֮
͡еƤ
ЦЦ
ʲôսֻͶȡɣȻͶؼҺͳ¼еɡ
Ȼ˵ˣڻǸ˵ʱ򣬵֮ýĴ
ԶԶԡ
ɵ˵
ǿɹغǽܲ˳Ƿ
Ǻˡ
ɽ֪
ֻ˵ûҪǻ𣿡
ɽһң
գ֮ǰ¼ƼƲˡĸʱ㲻ǷӵͦõҾֱһҲУȻˣαػǮȥء
ҪǣҲһϾΪȵˣ˭ðŵسҵķء
ɽ룺аɣԡ
ֱͻȻһˣŷѷ׷ջ˳ֱ֡
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ȿȣŻͲӭλֱ䣬ҡɽֱҡ֡
ףе찡
ⲻ֮ǰֱһֱѭŵġƼƲˡǸݳߵ𣿡
СеŰ
СӦòְҵĴɡ
ƼǷһƨծĻǮרŵĴ˵ƼԱ˴ˣСӦҲǸѼϼܰɡ
Ƽ
ؼң¼ңǼҵˣʮ˴ڵĹǻҶˮˮȥˡ

ֲһͬ飬û뵽ôȻЧһһɫַؼҺͳ¼ҵĵĻɽͻȻûôˡ
ϻͲ˵ˣƼѪ˦ȫ۷ⶥֻΪǮǷծ
û˵Ļˢ
򣡡
ǼǧǮ𣬴°³ˡ
͵ǸǸˣΪǷнѵʱûǡ
ֵܽǶǵʵж֧ԮƼ
ɽһӳùһ׵綯ˢˣǣƼзĵ綯ˢ˫Ƶ߼ˮڻԭ198ֻҪ58ʮ֧ˢͷ
58ҼǵǰƼ綯ˢҲҪһʮ顣
ҶѾ°³׼ˣֻҪ58
һ֧ˢͷ£ʮ֧꣬ƽʱ»һˢôҲҪʮǮȻ綯ˢʵݣ
ɽ״ٽԱǻڵʲôǧѷĻᣬΪ
˵˶٣˻ΪĿƲˣԲŻôŻȰ
ŷӦҴֻƲŵ굽ڵͷѣƼһҪƲ˰ƼôˣûûҸǵľ²ˣʵڸŻݣҵ
һʱ֮䣬ǶƼĺøоٴֱǾӣһӡ
򣡡
͸ߴð˴ŵȫˡ
ԭѣڵ֪ƼŻ֮󣬷׷ӿֱ䡣
ǹѪֱӱ˹ֳ
ɽҲԽԽ˷ܣٿһܸӦʽͰƣܸӦּԭ129ֻҪ35ã򣬲ҪԥҪǻ
øװ޺õ·ûͰ򣡡
Ͱܵˣôˣ򣡡

ɽɨػˣײʶ𾫶ȣAIԭ2399ֻҪ699ȫͼֻۣһҡ
ʾ۲ɨػ˺ܾˣϾ˼ҵèèɨػֻҼҴûУΪ̫һֱûö֣λĻҿԡ
¥ϵлˣ붼֪ǳһȡ
øǼĸϼ

ɽɤӶ캰ˣֱҲһƬֵĺ
ԭΪ°²óˣһСͷ˺öණԻӲѪ׬
ţֻ˲ǧ飬͸Լһܼҵ磬Ȼ
˵ǿǵģոֱ˺üĻ𣿡
ڻ1

ǷߵȴЩš
ɽ˲Ϻˮִ˺̨
ʾղŵⳡֱߵʱһͻһǧ򣬺̨ˮǸߴ
12389Ÿ㣬ǧ򡣡
䣡


5 
⻹ֻһֱȥĻ˫ʮһɻкüСʱء
ɵȻԤϵⳡ۶Ӧò͵ĶȥôҲû뵽ĳɽôߡ
ֱӴסˣͬʱҲԽԽ٣ΪѾҪѹסĵ׵ļ˷ˡ
ɼ˷ʮ㣬̨ˮʮڵʱֱӴﵽ˶塣
ɻл㱣ƽٷ֮ߵľ㣬ʮڵˮ൱һ׬˰ǧ򡣡
ʵǾǧ򣬵ǻҪ۳ˮƹȵȵķá
ûӲƷôǴۣҲе׬
Ȼȥǰڵз֮ģֱӴӹʡȥм̲ӼۣȻȽϱˣҪȻԱֱôģΪǸԶʵŻݣͳһСƷһѪ׬
ͱƻֻĳһ㶼һǧңۼͨǧϣһϸǳе顣
ɽȷӦȵȣһȥôǱܸ𣿡
ƼҲԼĹģȻѾѺȥˡ
ҲӦôˣһȥôĻǱ߿һʱӦ
֮ǰΪ˱ս˫ʮһǱѾһˣȷҡ
룺ǾͶмͷҽһ£ٸҷСǸ
á
ɺɽҲ˲Ϣˣֱж
ǶǣЩûա
õĺõģǴ˶ٴؼ͸ݵģԲġ
û£ѵôŻȣԸȡ
ͲˣҲףܰﵽҾѾܸˡ
ͣж񱨣үһŹؼҺͳ¼ҵġ

Цˡ
˵ѻͦϲġ
˵Ǿټһ˵Ϊ˸лǵֺ֧͹ģӽ쿪ʼǾƼVIPûƼзĲƷǶܾŻݺȹȨ
á
ɺɽֻΪǷնδչΪ⻰֮ⲻƼܹȹѹ
Ҳð
һʱ֮䣬һƬг
ֻؼҺͳ¼ҡ
԰ү۾ҡϣ˵ǵһΣϵĹƱͣʮʲƾǵΣʱؼҶû
غվ࣬һǱˣԺٷͬĴ󡣡
˵үүģһ֮ڣһὫ鳹װƽ
˵꣬Žµʯש͵ս˫ȭ
һүӲ˵š
غ˲
ΪүӼȻӦ۹ȻͲ׷顣
һֻ˵ؼҵ档
Ⲣζ̳˵λþͱסˡ
֮ƽϢԡ
غ˵ȥ顣
˵꣬ȥ
һߣؼүӵĲɽ¼Ѿˡ
ǸСǸСôң
һ࣬ⲽ
Ԫɫͬѿ
ڼҲϣ˳һһڡ
ϾŻѪŴģڴ֮ǰδҵʧܣôҰѳϽ
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ҪǮһһϲͨܰѹ˾
Ҫг¼ҳܵס̳ϵЩǻѹ˾
һҶ˼ڵĲ
ѵôǮһ
ΪĲѾ㹻ˣһҾȻ֪㡣
һ뵽¼ڵĴԪ;ԼϸЩʹ̲סһϡ
һԵĳͬüͷ
ҲʱغŶ

ڵһվ
Ǳôˣ
ϾֵôҲغ̳˵λò
غãүѹţ˾ٻҲûá
ܼʵǵĻ£
ĵ飬Ͼ˶֪غôһˣҴ΢Ϊ̨ȫǷ˽š
غ
ǲֱӳͳܵĹϵȷЩ岻ԲŻ鵽һʱȡ
ȡ£¼Ҳ϶ѷ洫ؼˣ˷۱
⻰ڳĳ¼ȫɵһ
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ڣǸôǵ
غתͷԪ֮ζܳЩġ
ϼ
Ԫʱ뵽ʲôɫ˱䣬Ǵ⣬ҧ˵ˡ
ǵϣϵĹٲͻȻһ
ǳԪ滹ǩ
ֳӣϣġ
Һܸм귽̫үҵİΪҽＸʮ꣬ǽ죬Ҳò˵ΪҵĴһҶ޹ģҲƽԩ
ʵϣС޸ҵʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
ɵĶˡ
Ļ
ôҲû뵽ԪΪϴ׳¼ҺؼңȻֻ˵ó
ܿ죬¼ҵˮ³ˣ΢ֱӴѵһ
ŶľңԹϾûҺ֮ǰûиһԪû뵽滹顣
ȻɶǳԪģǳԪԸѼҲǺ𣿡
˵ԪѾܶԵסһ˺ȻԪ˷ҵļҲôѳɸˣȢϱհѹ˾˼ڵĲƲԪѾܺ˺𣡡
Ҿ˵ؼҺͳ¼ЩôĴƣô
psҵܵؼҵ˳ѧҵ
@Ƽ֮ǰΪǵĻó¼ҺؼɨأǲӦó¼ҺؼҵǸ

ļ˺ܹ̫үݵҲȫŭˣ׷³΢ŭؼ壬Ԫ޳ܡ
Ӱ΢΢ΪȻҵڴţ΢˿ȴһƶù
㡣

ôɴҹ΢ʱʦ
С޸ʱ򣬾Ѿˣ
ʲôǶǵĴ
ҪӣڷҸŮ֮ûãʹȥָĳգ
֮ĵһ鲻ǳᣬǧټƵذƼƲȵɸӷˣ²̨ˣų˵һ᣿
ݵģΪϴףԼԼñӣô㣬֪𣿡
²ѧ
ƪƽ档
ңͷϳݣ
¥ţ
ΪûҰѽˣ˵ö𣿡
ޣΪҸڣܰŪȥˡ
ڿƼVIPûΪƾŪң
ЩղЦ֮ǰҲһʱ𣬲ĳŵû뵽ȻЧ


6 
ȻɾͽӵļүǴĵ绰Ҫοģ˳Ԫһ٣Լ佱һΪ֮ǰǺݺݵشؼҺͳ¼ҵ
Сʱ󣬳ɻˣҧгݣҪͳԪ׶Ͼϵ
һҪҲĻ
á
Ȼᷴԣοԭշ
ڳԪˮ¡
ֱóֻ΢@ԪҲ㲻ҸףϾǸˣȴǸë
Уӷ̰ҵĸף̷246첢ɢ鹹ʵԱ˸ƻصΪɷ̰ͽ̡ۡƻ߰ȨշԺƱɡ
΢һȻѺͳ¼ҵˮһᡣ
΢Ԫˡ
СȻҡʱҾ͸ֱӰ
Ҳ֪Ԫû̫˵Ǹ⡣
ҳԪҲ³ɰ浽Ժһ̰ѣһӼֻܽҪߵǲĿռɾʹȥˡ
ΪֻҪԸ⣬һλʦ˾ʱȡ֤һ󡢶ϸʮĸ⣬ʱһҿҲͱǲȽӣһϢˡ
Ϊǻк֡
غ˵ȰӰǸרϲѻɹʿƻǵļͥϢųȥٰѵСԬǸʮĽǵƬųȥ
˵̣ЩΪʲôԸɺͳ˵Ϊ֮ǰƼĴռ˴ˣ֪ͨȥӽ쿪ʼҩػҩױΪʮĴ
ٶһЩˮİҪѳɲǳү鴫ϵÿ䡣
ûϵΪˮܶʮСʱˢۣ
ʱڿ𣬾ǼٵģЩ־ᶨԼ֪Ҳġ
ɺͳյҲˮֻòôǮ
ⳡսȻʧ֣ӮҲֻǡ
ǡ
˷Ըת첽뿪
ȻӰǸϢһųȥѵע˲ͱתˣϣƾʣµЩŭôŬˢȶȣйǵҲϵȥˡ
ĳ̶ֳ˵Ҳûмģһ£Ǿͻ鳹׵Ժ󣬼㻹мǵõģҲΪκĶἰ顣
̫ˡ
Ԫ˲Щ
Ҳ侲ڳɸӣ˵ǰиϷͥˡ
ΪΥԼͻȻͣǵĴɹ˾Ʋ顣
ֳɸӷ˵ĸод˾ǲüȥʯͷٳܾû˵ĸ˺д˾ܴӮġ
һ򲽽ⳡ˾ɸӴӮˣһٲҪд򽻵οЩ̵ģʡѺĸҪд򽻵Ժ󵫷иһСЬǺһˡ
Ҿһ׬˲ǮΪһ塣
ԭܼ򵥣гȫռˣͬҵĹ˾ȥĻȻˣ۵ķ̫֮нҵļ۸֮ڣѿǼڶҵǺ̼ҵ΢ҾѾʮˣ֪ѾҵڵĹˡ
һԺЩƷҲǲܵˣΪЩ϶һӦҲ˵Ժֻļ۸ȥǹ˾ЩƷƼѾûĿռˣɸӳ˸ôķͷƼĹƱȴµ
˵ѾӦЩͶʹ˾˹ˣֻӦ˻𣬵УٵͶʹ˾Ѱ·
˵ܵͻȻ
ȻΪڷ˼ϣȶȥ֮󣬲ٶԳɸӶ֣ܿųɸһҲʧΪһ¡
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غȴüܾûô򵥡
ѵˣ֮ǰҲΪģת۾ͳôĿ
⻰Ԫͷһ顪
һߡ
ոմҽԺҽ˵𲽻ָˡ
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Ȼջһ֮ǵĿڴҲֿˡ
ȻǷ֣ƼҲˡ
ΪײԱҲ֪Ƽǰ;ǣҹ·ˡ
ɡԣӦýзɲŶԣɽź֪طڵĴ
Ҳɵ֪ǻг·ġֻҪܾзµĲƷ
ǹ˾ļǸͶˣʣµ涼֣¡
˵Կʤŭ˵ôҲû뵽ȺһﾹȻǰǡ
Сܶǻҵڶн԰סзͼЧʵû취ˣǷŵĹʶûǷǵĹʡ
ƽһͽȻģҶ˵ˣȥƽһ財أǶӣѲˣһԲ˫̥ӣСܿӲǸ˰Ĵнչ˺ӣԤ֧һнˮȬ֮󣬸Ǹڹ˾һеĹ
͸˵ˣְǰһҹ˾ľΪԴͨŮͬ£˾˲˵ҵڵҲˣСܻʶ飬ǾСܵġ
ҲܲˣΪʵȺ뿪֮ǰȻ϶ֽš
ƫƫӷɵĲ˵ڸ޷׷ǵΣΪǩıЭ;ҵЭѾȫջˡ
Է˵ΪˣǲŸܷĿ
ʱǵ··ߡ
֮ǵǳΪ֮ҵڷɱǡ
Ȼɲô
Ҳ֪ԼһʵյĳƷʲôӡ
ռ˵ǻڵдҪأĿǰҲֻмμӻ˲ҵչһ·ˡ
Ҳõġ
ɵȻҲôʲôȥμӴأ
ֻΪյǵķʽ
Կʤ֣ȵȣȻзȫЩɾˣʵĻģͶڰڸʵҡ
ԣһϲ
ҪǻģͻڵĻʱֻҪһзԱ±дһ׳򣬼ļҰæ˵Ҳܲõء
ʱȫԾҲͲٵǷеǮˡ
ȴֹۡ
Ȼ˸ʵһŷЩģͺЩһٻˣһǴж˿֡
ЩǸӱȲˡ
յ˵ͷȷ
ΪǴˣʱȣ֣Ҳ졣


7 
вܵһԡ
ΪֻԹ˲֪ʲô
ɽϵ˼ͷͼٶѰҼλʦֱһңȻȥˣֻջһίľܾ͹
Ҳϵ˼鲻ͬУϣܽû߹һʵ豸ݺһ
ɽǲ֪üǱѾ̸ˣнˮһ˵ƼģͷˣΪƼƲʱ򷴶ǵۡ
ɣ˵ˣǵĻŽһأʲô˫ʮһʱ׬ôǮȱ㹺豸Ǯ˰һؿǧҪ۾㣬ðʩһȺ
ɽû취֮ǰȷĲص
ɣҲǱƵİºˣǳ׷ˡ
ص˾ײϵ˵ɫһһѿ
˻ûʵңѾˡ
գ˵ڸô졪
һžײһ˸ûֱ۵Ļ˹Ǽܡ
Կʤһ߽Ӻãˡ
˵ţùϵң˿ء
һ룬˶ˡ
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գգ۾ȷĴ֮󣬲ŲŵؿԿʤ˵⡢ǡģ
ң
ԿʤӦСָЩģһһĸĳġ
ѣǶ֪Сж
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˵ǣⲻǰԽڡȺǹʱҾĦ𣬴ǿöˣ֮ͷֺͦ򵥵ġ
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ķΧɺܿѾ׵Ժ˿˲١
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Թƾ־ʹˣļе룬ǺϢ
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ʢɣķкܶ࣬ѵҪԼһӶȥ
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ɴ˵ҲС
ʢɣ
ʢɣô˧Сǹ㶼ģѵǽϵģȻɧˣ
ʢɣҵҪ˭̣֮ܰˡ
ʢԽ˵Խף̲סһסҪȻˡ
ʢɣô
ʢɣðɣ˵ˡ
ʢɣ˵£Ǳһ羰̲ģ۸񿪵ʮ
˵£ֱ壬룺һ˰ɣʵûʲôС
ʢɣðɡ
ҲʱĴɩϴİ·ùһϴˡ
ǶȥϰȥˣҪ鷳ˡ
÷ֻӦһá
ֱӻطԼ·ڴƣʱӦó鲻תȥ˷յķ䡣
Ϸյ·֮ͻȻŵһɺܺŵζ
ţ
ʶùĿӷŵӵᡣ
֪һ룬Ŷ
ʶػعͷ
Ҳʱ򣬼ڿڿ㴩ȣ˵ϡ
գ
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8 
ÿ˿ſڵķգֿ˿ĿӺ͵ϵڿ㣬һŷӦ
⶯ⳡǲرպһ͵ŷյڿ㣬Ȼñץˡ
һĿҲŵ˵ϡ
һ˫Ҳ˲ԲҲǣûУ˵
գ
յĿ͸ϣ˼̲סƫƫ
Ӧú
շӦ
е㲻̫
á
վֱ塣
ֻǲظѾͰ͵ؽͿˡ
ղŴɩǰ·ȥһϴ𡭡ҡΪƣûʱãŰ·һȥʱͻȻŵһɺŵζ͡͡
ý򶨣˵ȥˡ
š
յ˵ͷ
Ϊòˡ
û£ڿϵζӦҸղϴʱһСİԡ¶ȥˡԡ¶ݺĻ֪ͣ㷿ԡûУҪûеĻȥһԡ
ΪļҲ֪ǰòûз֮ʵֱӸһ˰һס
ﻹ˵ʲôԡ¶ƺûһ
ֱӰѵϵ·תƻ⣺ãҪȥҪҰ·ȥɡ
Ϊ¥·ġ
Ҹطúþúͷһ¥ֱҪ̫ã˵áõġ
Ȼæ·ݹȥ
֡
֪һ룬ʲôõ·˳
ʶһӣٵͷһ
Ȼõڿ㡣
ͻȻְ
գ
ǲ̫һ㡣
ڷͻȻе㻳Լ֮ǰжϡ
ͻȻڿе 
ã
͡ͺϢ
뵱ȥĸо
ھʱ򣬷յֻͻȻˣֱӴ˰
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춪֮ǰʮܺˡ
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÷ʬһڴϡ
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պͬ
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뵽
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Ķ˲䱬졣
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ΪֻҪ뵽Ҫͷ棬ͷƤ顣
Բܷûж룬ļټˡ
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죬ϽѻóѾʼˡ
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ΪЩȽĻˣɺɽŻ˵ĽźͼС
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Ļˣֱ۹һ㲻֪ƤʲôĶ֮⣬Ĳλûκεİװ൱ؿ˵ڲ״ŤŤĺԼźɫ罺ĵͷ
Ҫǣֻһֻ۾һֻ۾ǿյġ
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ԡˡ
ȴ⣬Ȼ˸ǷˣȻѾ͵ˣǾ￴Űɣһû˯ȥҸƵ겹һ¾
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Կʤùң˿ء
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һ㵸һԸ߸裺ãҵİɽ»
⻹ûʲôؼֻ˲ʮ䣬˾ͣˡ
ֿʼͷţٶȴ֮ǰҲ趯
ǡһٵֻл˵ֱۣȴǰԭٶڶ
ںúõĹ㳡˿ħ衣
ټţͷϵñӾ͵ˡ
ɣ
ɽ
Բۣʲô
죬ƼչݣܡСܣǼˡԲۣʲô⣡
Ⱥ⣬һȺ˼˽һƺֱ
Ȼ󣬾ûȻˡ
Ϊ˶סˡ
۹
ֱһЦ˷ɵеš
ȴɽĵܵ⺣ͬеĻгڵһƼˡ
⺣һƼзĻˣҪķųȥҵ˾ûҲᱻ
һʱ֮䣬ڳΧ۵ȺЦԱߵͬС
⺣תͷɽ磬㵱Ϊ˷ղϧͼѵʱһΪǲʲôԵôأ⡪
㵱ҪֵĻʵʵشڼǲһڳԵģͷʱ򣬿ǧǣ
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ȻɽڣҲ˵ˣ˵϶ԣҲˣͲҰģȥƼչݿ˵ʲôģƼĻ˲˳ȥɢ˻ϴǣз֫ϰߵ֫пѵ
˼棬ۺ졣
ֻϧۺֻзɣȻ֪ЩΪЩƼ˽ڷġ
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˵ţֱӴЦˡ
ĽҲЦҡҡͷ
ʲôͷԿʤСʤҵȰһߣôҲԸ⣬ҪƼ㿴һ˾СŸǵ֮нѾǵʮˣٿ㣬
Կʤȷɺɽ΢Ҫһ㡣
ΪҲĺˮȻȫֻǶڸմ֡
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ԭܼ򵥣ûģαػôĽǮ;ȥˣ˵ʲôŵ㣬÷վܻ˾зĻˡ
ؾΪҼǵСܶҵЯ֮㣬ıˡ
֪δ䣬ĻͻȻһ죬ԴͻȻܳһ⣬ֱ̱˵ϣ·ˡ
Կʤ
ڳˣ

ԿʤĻԭѾĽ￴һĻٶЦǣĵȷڣķϾҪûˣƼڰҵ˶ˣԺҲҵҵһݺùˡ
˵꣬ﳤȥ
·ɵһؿ̱ڵϵĻˡ
ԿʤҲԭأԼжϡ
ھֱĹҲ˲Ϸŭˡ
˵ģ˾зĻȣƼó˾ϸ͵Ĳһ
оƼһҪƲˡ
ѵƼVIPûϼ͵𣿡
ү۰

ͬҲغͳܵĶ硣
ʽ󣬱ᣬｻ֮䣬ܺغҲյƼĹԱӴֳƵ
һ㶣Цˡ
ΪʱȣǵѡֻзŻû뵽׼רһ֧Ŷڹ˾ǵļƻƲˡ
ǸӾ裬ΪĲʲôɱﵡ
û뵽յġɱﵡȻôһ⡣
Ȼǲ׷ﵽʲôǵóѶɸ˵жϡ
ףǡ
ʱһ𷢱۵˶һ˹
غתͷղķ˹
˵ţٱղķ˹һ¡
ǳлμǵĶ񡣡
ղķ˹ҩҽҩ
ҩ֪ҩ˾ʱҩвҵ
¾Ʊղķ˹ڶһ䣺ˣڿʲôôˣ
ֱܲӽеƽ˹ȥ֪ܲ컹ǻ˲ҵչĵһ죬ҵĵжԹ˾ҲμⳡᣬзĻˡ
ƵĻ˷ģղķ˹ҲЦ
ֻһ룬ǿʲôϵĳЦ˲ˡ
غͳܲûпһĻΪʱм˶žƱ˹


9 
ǳлμǵĶ񡣡
߼ǰϲĹͣغסһߣԼͳܻһ¾ơ
Ȼǲղķ˹ڡ
غͳܵعͷȴտҲﻹղķ˹ӰˣǵƽҲûˡ
Ǻܿ͹˲ղķ˹ˣΪ˲ҵչһ£ҽƻ˴ˡ
ϲƼзĻˣ๫˾зθ˴ӾżҲ˾֮ӱΪ컪˲ҵչҽƻ˴ʤߣǽֱṩԪԪרʽ𣬹ϲǣƼĴ
ϯ̨ϣ˸߿ҵҲ漴ֱӴ͸ǽڣ˳ȥ
Χ۵ȺѾɢˡ
ߡʡ֯һ𣬷˾ô̱չĵϣ᲻㾫
˵õڴһˣһٷأ
ڱ˵ˣһȫ˶ˣϾǻǷڵĴء
òϣٴ𣬷ɿŻ˵Ǹնۿֻǰ·һһƬڰ
һԵɽҲ̲ס롣
ӣǶˡ
ָѾˣ֪⺣һڱﳰЦúõӲҪΪǵ㲻ֵǮؼԣԸʶȥһɳΪЦ
ȻһʼɽĴ㣬浽һ죬̲סЩɥ
ԿʤҲ۷ſգΪѹҲΪԼѹ
ҵĸ£Ҫҹ
ֱ˵ǵĶǲڻ
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ĨһЦ˵ˣʰʰذɡ
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֪ʱȺͻȻһȺˣǰ棬˵ϵĻˡ
һ࣬Ϊ׵Ľ𷢱۵ֱӿԵļװˣȻߴﹾ˵һͨ
װֻɨһۻ˵ԴһĻ
ɻĻ֪˵ǣ
ٲʿô
ȷ˫Ҳϵͳ̫죬̫ͨ޷ṩٶȣӶµ·廻ǵӹ˾ͨʢ˾ģӦÿԳٶȡ
һ㶣ǣ
⻰𷢱۵Ҳղķ˹ϵʱһɨգֱͳһƬȻһĺ˵ãҩҽҩղķ˹ͬʱҲҩֹ˾ܲΡղķ˹
ɵȻ֪ҩǿǰҩ˾ղķ˹Ϊʲô
ֻղķ˹óǸƽ壬Ȼ㿪ƵĿƵؿŷɣԵĻֳһλСˡ
С㣿
ˣ
ɿ˿ϵĻˣٿ˿ղķ˹е⡣
ܿͷӦ˹
ȵȡ
ղķ˹ҩҽҩؼҲҪΪϱȴͻȻһȺ˹ϣۿǵĻˣ
ͻȻһ뷨
ѵʲôѰĵط
ĻҲÿĿİáõġ
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ȵȡ
ԿʤͻȻڵæվͬŲѡ
Ȼ뵽ģҲ뵽ˡ
ˣСǰ׼õ塣
ͺԤϵ˻˻·һ
˵꣬ԿʤɿԱߵİװУȻһϴ淭һֽװŵļ塣
͸ϡ

ղķ˹ȴæ˵̫ˣӦһһĵطͲŶԣ˵𣿡
չʾһͬô죿
ԶԶԡ
ɼȻܾ
ɼԼһڱֱӸղķ˹ȥ˸ľƵꡣ
ǲ֪ǣ֮ûã½½кü˹
ټĻԿʤµı㽫廻ȥ
һߣղķ˹ҲѴĸ׼˻ˣλٲʿҲóֽʡ
Կʤ״Ĳ²˲ԭֱ˾ŷ֣΢ذ˿ء
ãҵİ
ܿ죬Ϥ־
Ȼ㳡ħ衣
󣬻ٴζ·ϡ
ֻһΣûгû䣬еֻǾ޺̾
ղķ˹еļڲסֱתͷλԵƬ̡
ãõġ
Ȼɼû˵ʲô֮ס
Ȼղķ˹ֱȥ˸ڵĻҡ
һСʱֻ֮ˡ
ղķ˹򶨣ȴ˵һɼܵ˵ʹȥĻԵĻϣܴӹ˾˵ȫ׼
䣡
²⾹Ȼˡ
ɲûվ塣
ڸЩʱ죺ԣȻԡ
ȵȡ
ɽһѣǲӦա
ԶԶԡ
æͳֻ
˵Ժͺ˵һˡ
˯ķֱӾͱһٵˡ
绰ͨɼѣգ˾ҽҩղķ˹˵ҪǵĻ˵ȫ׼
üͷһôˡ
һ֪ҩҩ
ֱ˵Է۶٣
תͷѷյĻתղķ˹
ղķ˹һԪ
ڸղţѾѷɵ˵ĵ͸ˣ֪ƼڱƲҿɵ˵ģƺ˵ļֵſһ۸
գMԪ
ȷһ£ҡ
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Ϳͣ
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֪ղķ˹⣬˵ֱӺλͨ绰𣿡
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õġ
ʶİֻ
ղķ˹ӹֻ˵ǲòϣ˾з׻˷ؽϵͳȽļǻżĳģǣһڻѾǺܲļ۸ˣΪҲ޷֤֮ˣ˾зϵͳȴп֮ھͱʵҸϳ
ֱӴĻ˵ûڵĿƼˮƽ֮ڣ˶޷ʵ
Ϊ׻˷ؽϵͳ̫죬ֱֻת£һӾܰջһزٶȣȽ壬ôĳɱۡ
Цǰ׼õ֫أ
⻰һղķ˹ʱһ
Ȼռ˵֪ȥ֫ȫΪ25MԪҩµп˼ڶ֫Ʒƹ˾
ղķ˹ԭΪƼ˲֪ϵͳļֵԴ˼©˼ȴû뵽Է֪ЩѾ˹Ρ
ֻ˵ôλǣ
գ3MԪ˾ڼ֫ҵרȨ
˻
ղķ˹һΪյʨӴſڡ
ܣļ۸ʵ̫ˡ
ͼ˵գ25MԪҵ룬п˼ŵ룬ĳƷ룬ôߵרѣǽѪ޹顣
գҲ˵ˣڣᱻԽ𣿡
ꡣ
꣬㹻ԽҵһĪţֱ¢ҵ
ղķ˹޷ֻ˵鲻ܹģԵһȥܲϵ
Ȼղķ˹ֻ˻ҡ
ֱСʱ֮Ż
ղķ˹ɤӣƺȻģһǾļ۸̫ˣԸһǧMԪļ۸ϵͳҽеҵרȨ
ҽе֫ҽȡ
գ3MԪ˾ҽеҵרȨ
ղķ˹2MԪ
Уղ뿪ʱֽӵһ绰ĪŵĻܲôģ绰183********
ղķ˹Ĭˡ
һ˵죬


10 
䶨ˡ
ҩЧһܲȻΪ±˽غǰСʱ֮󣬺ͬˡ
÷סľƵղķ˹ʱҵľƵһңֱӾ¥Ѻͬǩˡ
ͬԼҩ֧ƼһMԪƼ򽫵Ǹ˽ҩܲԣû⣬ôҩ֧ƼMԪβ
죬
ʱϯ̨ϣղķ˹⣬ͷһ
ͬһʱ䣬
ɼҲˡ
ղķ˹ʲôʱ뿪Ƕ֪
ֹ˺һ˲ڷӦ
˾ôȥˡ
MԪ
ʮڻҡ
ʲôһ壬ˡ
Сʱǰǻ˳Ķ󣬶һƲǹ˲СʱǾͷˡ
ɽЦֹүȻǳ۵ģԺ˭ҳЦӱżˣúõĴү
ԿʤͬѣҵѡȻûҲʧҵˡ
ɸһ˷յļϣúúãҾ֪㲻ʧġ
ȫȻ֮ǰľʱˡ
Խ״ΣԺ˭ҪٸҳЦǣҾͰݺͬȥ
ǰǶңҼûû£ԺֻĽңΪ˸öӡ
Ȼζû뵽ǾȻķˡ
һĻɽ˲
ռ״ֱס
ΪһϷʵ̫ˣǱԪؼҵ˺ˣˤֽţļ£˾ʧ𣬹ǸɱڣƲǷмڵĴ˶ļǣ֪ɵӹжѹֺͼѡ
ֵܼڣȫǹɲʺͳ޳š
뵽ıûµģѾȥˡ
ǿˣɵĿС˺ࣺܶûЩѾȥˡ
Ǯˣ
Խ٣ʮأеڣʮ߸ڡ
ΪǶ֪еⳡ˾ǴӮģٵڣؼǸгǸг
ʱȰѴļҽǮˣһʵ̫ˡ
үӣҪúñ˼ңҾȥʮ˸ŶȻݣúÿĿġ
ад¥ǿ˾ķǹ˾µʱ˰ķ⣬Ҫúñ˵ӵĹ˾˵£ǮǶд¥ˣʱǼɣɵļ۰ô
дɽԿʤЩһֱû뿪ԱҲҪúñǣɷݣǷֹɷݣ𡭡
˵Խ˵Խ
ǵ͵үﲻۡ
ԷֻЦ˵á
ϻǺ˾Ӷġ
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ڶûŪףôƻôʮڵ۵ġ
⻰Ҳ˲Ͽˣſ˷ա
ЦЦĲǻˣ˫ֱۣΪ˫ƵȽĻ˷ؽϵͳ
׼ȷ˵һʱзġ
ҲˣĻ˴չʾĻ˴û˫ȵġ
ɼ˲ɵ˵ͷ
գ簲Ƽͻˣǵֻˣζֻֻƽϻ
ȻˣҲй˾зĻǿߵģʢ˾зķˣΪʲôֻ֯˺ͨ˵ҲֻǺͨ˴ƽ֣ΪǵٶԶְҵѡ֣ݶȴԶѷͨˣ˵ˣǵĹǹؽϵͳ޷ﵽ˵ĳ̶ȡ
з׹ؽϵͳʵ˸ؽٶȵĿʵʱǶȲ̬λͨ˸
Կʤ˵ˣѹСֻ˻˵˫ۣȴ˻˵˫ȣΪ˵˫õͨļһ顣
Ȼչʾˣһ㳡õԭ٣ڻ˵˫ȵĳܷΧ֮ڣ嶯ЭǵڶʱٶȻʱ򣬻˵˫ΪԽûʲô⣬˫ȴԸˣúõĹ㳡ͱ˿ħ衣
ȻԿʤˣӰ
һжǷͼƻõġ
Ҳ֪ϵͳʱ޷Ӧڻ棬һʼĿͲǲμӻ˴Ҳǻķ֣ǰѼȥ
ΪˣҲںĻ˳󲻳󣬻᲻ջֻǰѻ˴ᵱһ壬ΪڿƼעⳡϣйϵģȻֻ̻ģҲȻһʱ
ҩĪžõӡ
뵽ԿʤյĿֻʣ˾塣
ڼ˻ϲصʱղķ˹ѾȲİϲ￪ˡ
ܲΪǰƼ˺Ϊ˾һִ󹦣Ϊ׹˾ܲݣֱι˾ܲõһصĳ롣
ղ֮ûбֳֻΪҪͷ̸Уνˡ
һߣغͳܵĶϣѾ뵽βףصﲻ
ϲҽƻ˴һȽ
˫ϲţϲϲ

˾зĻҿˣѾܳˣûв´ĻףӦþг˰ɡ
ܺ棺չ˳ĻӦÿԡ
ڳˣ֪ڵĳؼҷ֣϶ȱǮ̲סʵ֪ƼûʵĴ㣿
׬ǿɲܳĻôġ
ܣʱҪ
Ͼ⣬ôԸֳȥء
ˣʱʧѡ
ܼ״Խ⡣
˷ոӡ
ϾҪǵļܶôڵķء
뵽Ż˴ķ򣬾˾еľƱ
룬ڵķոֻѾҪѰ˰ɣ
Ҳʱղķ˹ĵ绰˽
ұҪл㣬ҪΪĶżȻƵ
˷ܵȻ˳ܺͷո֮ĶԹˡ
ž
ֱնеľƱɫ˲
һߣϢҲϡ
ʲôЦ
ͷҥ
ô⣬ʮڣʲôҵ̵µĴ

ڣʱ̧ܣûʱٶȣ
ԲۣģƼĹ΢ѾǩԼƬˡ

Ȼģ
ô⣬˶ʮڣ
ʮڻңҲԲȹԣȫҴʮ˱ӹôǮ
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Ȳ˵˵ٶҲ̫˰ɣСʱ֮ǰǻƼȡء
ƮˣҾȻҳЦôһɽ⣡
ҵѾˡ
ҸңҲ֪ԭ̵£أ


11 
ȵȣͻȻһ飬ƼĹƱǰʱӦѾǰδеĵ͵ˣƼطһʲôؽϵͳ˶ʮڣôҵĹƱǲǿ϶ǡ
Բۣôû뵽һ㣬лл¥ѣھȥҵĹƱ¸ڽˡ
¥ϵֵܵȵҡ
ͻȻúԼƱװ״ôõĻᡣ
1
¥ϲúˣһˡ
ô죿ǰצתİɣ
˵Ѿˣ
ǣƼѾͣƲ׼ˣ˵ƼҪġ

ʲô
ƼΪʲôҪУҪǲеĻƼĹƱ϶賤һʱ䣬ոӵʲҲűǣʱˣǰѰ׻ˮ𣿡
ǣƼ߽֮˰ŻʲôĿ϶ȫûˡ
ոӵôġ
ҵǾƼ˵ĺãƼѵʱһ˵ƼˣǾռˣޣ
ܳ

Ϻͻ˺䶯ʱ򣬳¼ҡ
鶼ˣɸӾȻܷ
ֻĲѡ
ܵɫͬЩѿ
ڤڤ֮УͻȻ鳹׳ƿصĸо
ָоĻš
ԪעȴȫһϣǸ˷ؽϵͳǷз𣿡
ôܡ
һмСҪⱾ£ܱˣת
ڱˣתȴǰ
Ԫ뵽
˫ʮһĴ¼һڷոֻ˶̶̼ʱ䣬׬˶ʮڡ
ҪǣĻĿҲǷշġ
ķǻӡаӡ
ѵһʼվڲ׾
̲ס룬ҪЩܹúöԴһңԷյ˵ܳΪڵһʱ³¼Ҳˣ
֪ܲԪ룬Ҳ÷ջ˵ֻżȻõһżһоŶӣΪ˲Ƿ֣Ź˵Լġ
û
ڵ˵֮÷ɸӼQȥҪȻǼҵ¾Զѹȥˡ
⻰ԪɫҲˡ
ΪԭɸӶQһ죬¼ҺؼҾҪڷ˼϶һ졣
ʮڣɸֻ»Qظʱǻаӿ
οϻŹ˾أҪ֪С¾ûˡ
ԳԪĵ׵ǵϧ˲ͱ׵Ժ
˵ϴ˵öԣСQȥˡ
ֻڵķɸӿ϶ǰôöԸˡ
˶ʮΣг¼ҺؼڣǷȥ
⻰Զ
˵һһֱǵġ
ֱҵǵȻһ
ˡ
Ԫʵҩôˡ
˵飬һɨϵࣺѾˣϾͿԿˡ
ųܺغʽ˻ԼؼҺͳ¼ҵĺҲճ̣ǳ¼ṩ洫طؼҳʽθۡŶ衢ǿ׳ǾƵֱƷؼµҩ긺ۡ
ΪоЩطͬ͵ıƷЧҪá
ڻ˲Ǽг죬Ҫ뷢չٻҪʮʱ䣬ֻҪƷֻҪУͱȻܿٵռгƷгͬСؼôᶯġ
Ԫӳ̶ȲڳĻĿǾͺá
Էɵĺ鲢ûгá
Ϊ¼ҺؼЯֽƷгϢ֮󣬳ϵĹƱֺݺݵһ
ԭָŷзĻ˷ؽϵͳ˶ʮڵܺúõӦ¼һ¼תŷҵ洫ؼִ׬һʣӦֱӱԼ
ԷⲽͳײҪǰɡүôһװǶ
Ҳʱ򣬷ջطƽϵĿ⣬ת˵ȻˣǾ͸ҵ鷳ˡ
ʲô
⻰ǰһֱӴѵʲô⣿
յĿ¿ϵƽ塣
ɸſ˹ȥƽڲŵĺȻǳܵƼзĻڻ˴ϵչʾƵ
գ˵ǰĺĴĻ˹˾ô
ţڵͬоͲˣϾ֮ǰ˫ʮһ¼ѾǿӲˡ
ʲô
ӲֻǷɣԿʤסˣСܣǸ˵ĺĴ룿
գţǰһݴڼˡ
⵱ȻǼٵģ¼ҪûβʹɨɾôҹóͶʡ
ԿչʾƵѺĴ뵹Ƴ
Է˵ֲʲô¡
ɵ
ȴ˵ѣʲôȫԼȥˣǿǸո׬˶ʮأȫԼ
ҡҡͷȻȥͳ¼Ҵ̨δҲ̫Ȥ˵㡣
ο¼һؼҳʲôͳ̨ܴ
һת׼зһȽĻˣʱֱѹ¼ҡ
ʲʲô
ɼ˵ע˲䱻ƫз
ԡ
Ѿ˽ڣܾԴϴǳ֮ҵӾ˺ܶ࣬ܶණһ۾ŪףҾȻûѧˣҿѧ
˶÷쿪
ϾҪѧЩʮԿ
ƺǲµ룬ֻ˵ͺ׻˷ؽϵͳһ
⻰˶ʱ˵ˡ
Ͼ׻˷ؽϵͳʵʵ˶ʮڰ
ҲǷģȻܿžˡ
Ҳ̲סҲ쿪
һء
Ž֮ǰĻ˵Ҫǣӹһ٣¼ҺؼҶôֻ䱾ĶԸǣȻˣΪʲôΪǿǹ˲ǡ
Ƿõġ
ҲΪʲôѡƼеҪԭ֮һ
ΪҪһΧеĹ˾ûй˾ľ飬ؼҺͳ¼ȴ׾ٵͨٿعгΪ˾Ĺɶʱᷢʲô֪
ռ˵ң֮ǰΪзǿ˿ǻ˽ڣôҲյɱɡ
˵ˣﻹᷴԡ
ǼѣȥɸѡҺʵ
ȥϵЩңȰѻʵ׼ãСҪǻҪʲôֱӺ˵
ھͰƸʾȥ
˵꣬˾ͻ𼱻ǵж
ձ͵ģǿһĻҲɱȾˣЦЦԴ򿪱ʼǱʼд롣
ڷߵæµһߣɽľԴ䣬ĬɽˮһƬ͡
õҲƽһĹһͻ˴롣
֪ʱʢɵĵ绰ͻȻ˹Ǽڻ𣿡
ʲô
ʶͣ˱ʡ
ʢ˲θ㻹֪ڹⶼ˵ˡ
ȻͰƼȥμӻ˴ᣬ˴˵ˡ
Ҳ֪ôģ˵ΪзǸˣ֮ǰ˫ʮһ׬Ǯȫȥˡ
òԾսеĻʡ


12 
ô
̲סȥ뷽Ǹжôʧ
ѾôŬˣ³ȴôҡ
Ӧʲô
֪ΪʲôԺֻʣһ뷨
Ȼ롣
ԷҪʲô
ο͡Ǯ
Ǯ
õͷҲԣ
뵽ʲôǰһ˵Ҽǵ֮ǰ˵Ǳҵһ羰̲ģ
ʢʶԣ㲻˵ûʲôУҸ𣿡
Щ˼ٺǱϵϵ˵ҴӦˣԵĻϣ֧һʶ𡣡
ʢɣ
ȻЩǲò˵ֻǺõģǱ˵ôӦֱ֮ӾͰȫ˹
Ȼþͣػ˳С
Ƽſڵʱ򣬾ÿڲƼĻձꡣ
ߣ칫ѾһƬǽ塣
ͷ΢Ȼͣ½Ų÷հ칫ҵĴš

̧ͷһŷ˾Ȼá
ôˣ
˵ţһҽѧڿվ
ȴһ㶣Ϊûϳ
ˣڵͦΣ壬üĿ͡б˧
ԭķߺ࣬ǰһվȻ߳һͷˡ
ʶ˵ˤȻĺô
ҪȻû취ͷͻȻ˰
ûʲô
÷ӦĵײЩΡ
Щȫ׵Ժ󣬹ĵ㻹𣿡
ͬʱյȵȣȰɳʰһ¡ʲô
ͻ˴飬ôʣʵһʧ˲ʲô˴ͷˡ
˵ţͳһпһʮȥţ취
գ
տ˿ãֿ˿ݹпסˡ
Űɡ
ü״ֻΪǸжģемܲסĳ棬̹Ȼ֪ͷڿ϶ôԣ
֪ʱ򣬷˸߲ҵس˽գҸ˵Ұ˵ģҧһڲɿڣƼȻЭˣǮѾˣǼȥƷʱ򣬰ҵĲƷٻˣͲٻػġ
ҺԿʤ뵽һ⣬˵ǵʱԵͷȥô
ǵܷյĶݣתͰǸ˳ܵǸеһ
˵ע⵽ãףʲôʱģ
գգۡ
ûףһʲô˼
Ȼ˵Ҳ˵׬˶ʮڣǺϲ𣿡
ã
ֱӾˣںһŻع
׬ˡʮڣ
Ҳһ㶣㻹֪
߸˵İѵշȫ˵һ顣
ã
üѵǡô£
ƼĻձ궼ˣΪƼƲˡ
棿ɻͷ˿Ŷ˵氡װްǰⶰ¥ˡ
ʱ洫ʩԱϰ壬鷳һ¡
ɵ˵ģҳȥһ¡
һߣ칫˾ʱ
ͺΣ
ֻΣ
ͻȻúʲôطԾ
ȻԼʲôһ˵ҳ£ͣظοա
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뵽ͷըˡ
Ʈ򶨣Ǹҡ
Ǿڷյע£õԽԽ죬һ͸
նؿ̲ס룬϶֭۽ʰɡ
ò֪ǣԭջûж룬ǿ֮벻붼ˡ
һ֮ǰļײһĻյ͸ˡ
Ҳ֯ԣԭˣٺòˣϲ
գлл
õ˵ˣͻȻһмҪ죬ҾͲǹˡ
˵꣬ת첽ȥĶӡ
յסȻĻ˵ڣõӰѾʧ˹սǴˡ
գ
Щ
ôҲû뵽þȻϲ
Ϊʲôǰ
ԭܼ򵥣õļôûжǰ
ǣûҶĴ㡣
뵽óֱֻӺ˵飬õ˼ҡ
һߣصϵ̱ϣһƽ¼ٵĺ
ֻһ뵽ղŷ飬ֺˡ
ֻһġ
óֻҵףĥ˱ݵ˵Һˡ
ʢɼأ
ãֻҷڻ˴϶˴ôºͰǸ˶ʮڣ
һΣӣʢɲ˶Ȼ֮ǰȥʵȥˣҲ֪黹кҲ֪ڹ⣬Ϣӳٺ
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ʢɣⲻһ𣿷ˣԺͲǼٲˡ
ʢɣҸ˵ɫһùʮ꣬Ǹټҡ
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˶ˡ
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ҲʱʢڷӦ԰㲻ȥǮôͰ㺦ˣ
ã
ܸܲʢЩʲô°ȡ
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Ҳʱ򣬷յĶŷ˹
õ㿪һһԸ
ã
֪һˡ

ѵҲ˼
ҪȻΪʲôҪԼԷ
С
ҪͷհС
뵽õظá


13 
磬ɺԿʤжˡ
ǵڶ磬ܵ𼱻ǵƿܾ칫ҵĴţܡ
غӵĳæɿע⵽ֻ飬һɨϵ糺죬Ϊõôˣ
ȴ˲ϵǸ˵ܣˣġĺĴй¶ˡ
ġǳܸȡ֡
⻰ﻹ˵˵˵ʲô
һԵغҲűɫ
飺һСʱ֮ǰյһϢ˵ƼõˡġĺĴ룬׼齨ʵҽо
ƼHһҿҵţҵ漰ӡеҽҩҵʵֻ޶ǰУҲڵƼԿġ
һġĺĴ䵽ƼôԷҪƼ֮ǰƳ˼ֱ׾ٵ顣
ս˫ȭȷ𣿡
ȷǸϢĻһСδ롣
˵ţóֻҾڰСʱ֮ǰƼͻȻٿһ»ᣬͨ˶ӹ˾ҽҩһMԪ齨ʵҵ鰸
⻰һѶֻȻһĸʦ
ʦһĿʮУȻ亹ˣܣȷġĺĴ롣
ֻǰһڣǿԼ侲ڸô죿
غһ࣬һΨһİ취ҲֻмӴͶʣȡƼ֮ǰѡġгˡ
ôһ鵰⣬ǲܷġ
뵽ʲôغתͷ飺ΪʲôҪǣ
֪ĻܵģһƼĺԱи߲㣬ΪѾǶ˾ˣҪǱƼ֪ˣԻԲ˶ߡ
飺Ҳģ˵Ҳһ֪˭ƼֻҪһڣ͸һץסǸ˵ĹؼϢ
ĻԺԾṩƼоȡ
ʲô
⻰һ˭
ı˽죬ۿٻֿɵãתۼͱ˻˴롣
Ҫ֪˭һŹ
غĹעصȴһ仰ϣҪʱƼоȣǾмİ
ּۻֱۣ˵˵ҪǴӦˡ
ˣǮ˶Է˻ϡ
ȷǮѾ˻ϣԷҲӣֱӾͰ֪Ϣȫ˹
ǰϾŵŵ㣬Ƽרºйϵ
ܵҧгݵ顣
ȻֱӾͲ鵽˽ϡ
֮󣬽㱻һ绰е˳ܵİ칫ҡ
ܣʲô𣿡
Ŷ֪һ˳ɺ˫ۡ
ĶƼӦôûпɡ
⻰ͷһ򶨵ܣǸʲô
ⲻ֪ǳܻغйѧģֻһۣͿ顣
ԳֱӾЦˣӦŶӹֱӽһ׼ֵǧı㿪нŵȡġ֮󣬾͸һֹɷݣôҵġ
һֻΪĲ²ʵ֪ڴֽŵˡ
ȫ𣬹ֻƼ֮󣬲ŷƼҲԼзŶӣΪƼ飬ԺǿʵŴƫƫֶǳܵĸҲϴѹǡ
ֻ辶
뵽İ취ڴֽš
ΪǵĻֻһҪлҪܡ
֮£˶Էһ©
ַأԼдĴԷס⴦©ȵ˶һʧʱվָ©ݺݵظһƣ˳ͷ
ֻû뵽ƻŸոʵʩͱܷˡ
˵ɴСҲôŭɡ
ڲôʱ򣬽ֻ֪ԼԲܳ飬˵ܣ
Ȼѻ˵꣬ѾһԵˮݺݵԴϣƼ׸ٺô㲻ϧǣѡġĺĴǡ
ˮֱӾͰѽĶͷˣǽȴ˲ϰʲôƼ
ԳܸΪ˴Űģ
ѡġĺĴƼɱڴֽҪصöࡣ
Խﵱңô顭
ܣʱ㻹Ʊ磿㣬ǰϾŵ˵㣬ڸʲô
ǰϾŵŵ㣿
ƴ룺ǰ岻Ժͻȥˣŵ㣬ǸʱҲڹ˾𣿡
ܣмȥһ˲һȥǰСʱҳ֮⣬˶ںúõĹԳ㻹˭
ﶼˣ״Σʵҵʱֻ͵
һ˵ǷոģһǸɵģ룬ġԭƼзģոСġĺĴҲǱͺұǡ
ֱӴĻոҪǻСġĺĴ룬Ϊʲôڻ˴óΪʲôԼзҪ½𵰵ĸȥΪ˱㣿
⻰˵Լš
ԽԽңܣĲңҲûɱ㰡
ȴѾƶ˾ģһѵɱѷո𣿡
⻰ȴһ㶡
û뵽Ȼ׺񲻹ﾹȻҲһ
뵽ŭѣһĹεĶʲô
û뵽ȻҷǣܶʱӵķŭˣٴץֱߵıͲݺݵ˹ȥ
Ҳһα˸š
ŭˣ˵ûûбȥԺҰֻҪó֤ݡ
ڲҪңҪǡ
˵ţһŶͷϵѪһͳֻ˾
ʵϣھϵʱ򣬽ѾˣΪܱɻվؼҺͳ¼ңѳܵˣò֤ݣҲȫҵڷɱ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôѾˡ
ˣﻹš\'һ©ء
ԵŰɣһ죬ܻġ
뵽̲סЦﳤȥ
һĻһȭ˰칫ϣɺ
غҲһ࣬˵ܾôߡ
ٰ֪ѡġĺĴƼ˾
Ҫǣʧôأֻҵڷɱ̫ˡ
תͷغ˵
ǵ磬ؼ;УֱӱһʧصײICUҽ˵ųɵĿֲܻˡ
칫ҡ
ɺԿʤʱЦˣΪû뵽غͳܻôݡ
ȻҪҲûҪ
շеϣȴ˵ҵ³Ӧõġ
ˣһҹ˾ݺɱʱҪǰ̶˳ȥޣڵķ⣿
תͰƼˡ
Ҫǣٻţǰȴ˰
û
̲ס˵
ΪǣڵͶȫˮƯһ뵽ЩܵĳͼЦĵ׵ζʱһɨա
һӣΪף׬ڣ֪ͨ˾ԱͣȥԴȥ
ΪƼõˡġĺĴϢй¶ܵǸ˾ԿʤٰģԳ֧Ǹ˵һȻҲǵĿڴ
á
Կʤ˸߲ҵ
ҲվùһԵף˵ȴǣҾͲȥˣϻԼᡣ


14 
նĵطһζܲ˽˹ݣߵҲûеİ䣬ΪľǱӪԼķΧ𲻱Ҫᡣ
Ҳһ
ڴðȻһ㣬ٲúͷնҲûôˡ
ֱӰѲ˵ݸãʲô
ǣҪ̸϶ҲҪȵԱ̸֮԰ĵ׵Щ¶ȫ׵Ժרĵˡ
Ϊ˽˹Ĳ˵ķֱӵһţξһâꪡ
տ˿˵һ˽˹ݵƲ㽷ţһμ
˺ܿˣ˶ʳ޲ϰߣһʱ֮䣬ֻײ
ֻû뵽ǣĬšꡯǰʱһߣһ䡮Ǿ棬ҸղſˡһȺͻȻ˽ԽڵĲֱȥˡ
һĽʹ˳
ðӱǴˡ
ǣҸʲô
ʲô
϶ǲһǰˣΪ̮¹ģһٶʮ򣿡
㾹ȻһϢûиǣҲǰŲ⳥ȫˣ͵͵˼ҡ
ҪС־ҲǸأǻ֪أ
˵ϾҪټˣļɣ
⻰ڷò͵˲Լͬذ
ΪֻǴ⼸仰ǾѾԲеľˡ
Ļ϶϶һûкͼסһУ϶֮϶Ϊ˶Ų⳥𣬲ż϶ȥϢᵽһ³УΪ˱ⱻżҵ϶˻һ꣬׼϶ļҲŲļˡ
ԾҲһâꪣһһȥ
ֻһȺΧһŮΪ׵һŮˡ
֣˵ˣ˵ʲôأϵ
Ů˸ֱĵŮָ֣ôҲû뵽Щ˾Ȼʱš
һ˱ĵĿ⣬Ů˸òУ˵Ҹļ޵飬Һ϶ʶģǽ鲻͹ˣһʱһֶֻùô飬ѵҪҸТ𣬴ˡ
ҶѾ御ˣҲֻ˷޹ͬƲ֮һʣµļ⳥ȫ˸̣ȥҰ踧ǵķúǵѧѡ
˶һ㶣Ůôһ˵ȷѾܺˡ
ȴŮһŮ˾ȻǮȫȥֱ̣ӾͺˣôǮҲţҪôģΪʲôҪ£
ŮˣΪʲôҪ飿ɩô飬סôԼΪʲôһǲŴӱ˿֪飿
Ŷ
˲룬˶ʧһˣǶ֪
Ů˲Щѵܶ϶ļҲ⳥𣬱ˣְֻأ
ӷɲ˵ȥˣû£ֳһŲϵǱġ
תͷŮˡ
ȴŮֱЦǸϲĶϣͳұԼţԼ˽ܸŵ£𣿡
϶Ǹù ϶Ķš
⻰һʯ쾪
ʱһƬԲۡ
ڸϹ׼ȰǵķԱҲסˡ
󲻵Ů˷ӦŮ˼˵ǶѾ̱𣬻ܻǮҿǼҵ϶⳥𡣡
ҲǣǼһǽǼҴȢϱǸϲĶͨ˺϶Ǯ˸׸ȢϱǼҶҲˣûٸǼԩͷˣǿɲͶ϶Ǯ𣿡
Ҳεʱ϶ǣ
û뵽Ů˾Ȼڴ֮ͥ°Ǽҵĳȫ¶˳Ů˶ʱһ㡢㡭ôϿǹ涨˵ģ϶Ų͸÷ָķ֮һҪǲǮóǾȥԺ㡣
ϳ¼ҵĺӣϳ¼ҵ˶ţƾʲô㣿
ҲҪߣҪȻûꡣ
ԭ˵Ǹ϶Ѿ̱ˣһúܽ
һ⻰˶ʱŭˡ
ҪûôҪġ
ǮʲôľͲ˵ˣֻ˵ӵϣͳǵ̬ȣкӹ
Ҳâꪲˡ
ס˵ɩˣǵǿúûؼҵţ˵ɷҲ¹ˣʱô˾㶼Ӯ


15 
ԭ˵עȫŮ˵ϣڷţõĻһֱӾʹ˵Ķ
ۡ
Ҳ֪˭Ц˳
λС˵ûҪǵʱ˸ңѰ˾
Ȼ̲ס͵

һʱôЦ
˶֪ŮˣĸεŮһˡ
ü״ǲ䡣
ȻͶ˷վȵĿ⡣
ã
꣡

뵽һͷâꪡ
·ղ·
ֻĲȴĬĬĺ
ڷյӡһֱӵֻû뵽ȻôϬһ档
Ŀֱֱ˶Է糺ϡ
ã
ʵˣ
ϲ
һֱǲе̫ˡ
úܿ벻ôˡ
ҲŮ˵ɷ⻰˲
ȻƿڴŮ˼˵棬㾡ȥ棬Ҹ㣬ͷһˣͱǷǷҰģʮȥȥˣ޹ͬծ񣬶Һ϶ĻƲ£ŲʮҪǸȥ棬Ҿ͸Ǳʮծ
һٶʮǹ˽¸ҵģ˾˶֪һ˲ˣֱӺǩ˺ͽ飬ҪһǮ⳥
浽ͥϣҲ˳һٶʮĴڵġ
ɵúã
ӣ⻰˵ʲô
˵ĿɲѶ˽˹ݵϰ壬ȥѸղŵļɾˣñʲôȥɻ¡
⻰Ů˶ʱЩ£Ҳ֪ԼͷˣϰͶȥһмĿ⡣
Ů˵ѾˣôҲû뵽ֵһ
ŮҲٺǾߡ
˵꣬תȥ
վס
˷Ӧɺ죬ܻˣȻôǡ
˵ֱ꣬׷ȥӽǵøѵɡ
ʲô
˵Ů˵ǰֱӾͱһ˵ϡ
䣡
ֱӾˣôҲû뵽˾Ȼڴ֮ͥ´ˡ
ۿֳŮȥˣõֱߵˮ˹ȥ
ֱ֮ӱˮ˸ͷѪ
Ů˵˵Χȥû°ɣ
͵ػͷã㡪
ˣղҲڰ˵š
ģҴҰְ֣
˵ȭͷ˹
ôСû˺˵ˣʶضһ˵ȭͷûɿһ˵ȭͷͳ˹
һͣȻɴ
һ˲䣬ʱ·Ҳ
ˣ
롣
֪ʱһֻͻȻץסֱۣȻһ
⧲䣬һתֱ˽˵ĻȻͱĺŵζԺɶɵζһ
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վȻһԡ¶
Ժ̧ͷһ
ֻһֻ͵ס˻ȭͷ޿޵
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þԼͻȻе졣
ͬʱȭͷһŤ
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ʲô
ŴһıзӦ
죬סǡ
һ󼦷ɹ֮У˵Э֮£˵ȫƷסˡ
ſңſңҲŹǵġ
ֹ
һԵķԱ״ֱץһĨ˵
ڰ
ɿãû°ɣ
ڻ
ҲʶԼڻſڷջ
ã
֮ӲĴУл㱣С
ȻŮֱӱ˾
Ҳ߸˵ظȥ˾֡
ǵΪ϶ΪΪ
ǾͲˣѰ϶¼ӹ˺Ǻһˡ
֮Ů˶Ȼһмᡣ
ӾֳѾСʱ֮ˡ
ʮ£Ѿ
ӭһĶ紵ʶӣҲڻ
뵽ղŷ飬̲ס͵͵۽ǵ⿴һ۷ա
˧˧
ƫƫǸܡ
ĪЩʧ
ȵȡ
Ȼ͵ػع
Щʲô
뵽Ķ˲͸ˡ
ںһŰЩԾ뷨ѹȥ
ȻԼеĿˡ
뵽òЩ
ոողžȹתҪ˿
еôһ£
Ǹ˵ĻҪ˵ģ
Ͼûǰ;Եģ
뵽ùתǸ
֪ͬһʱ䣬Ҳתҡ
Ȼ˲Լͬסˡ
ãװɣ
뵽ûģõ಻ʹƵֱ
յĿҲɵ÷ϣҹɫĹ£Եøˡ
ͻȻúЩɣһʱ֮䣬ԺǵֱӾͱˡ
ǹʹģͻȻͷĿõϡ
ڳˡ
Ȼ
ǰģ



16 
ã
ã
ã
Ѿˡ
ҲӦ
ʶԼʲô
һʱ֮䣬ȡϲáָӿͷ

Ψûкڡ
ȻˣΪʲôأ
ȻΥı⡣
磬Ҫ֪̽ʶ
ȻϱûнôⱲΪʲôһأ
οĶĶôɰ
뵽յɼӿ˺ܶࡣ
ͷֻһΣĿ⾶ֱõ촽ϡ
Ȼһϡ
ã
ŴϵȣٿŽߵ
ʱһͣ͡
š
䣡
һԭӵֱõԺбը
һ֡
Ľ§˻Ҷ֪ˡ
ȻҲϲ͸Ӧþܾˡ
Ͼôõһˡ
ſڷջһҶã
֪ʲôˣ
ԣ
ôͻȻ
ͣ
һӣĺҲ޷ϻһ糺ˡ
Ѿ˲Щˣŷյţվֱ壬һ˫ۣ
֪һĻȴЦ˵ôˣ
۾ôǸ˻ʲô
˭ˣ
ֻô룬ѿڶȴǣС
ã
֪ΪʲôͻȻһ仰
˵ŲҪȴܳʵ
⻰̲סٴ촽
Ȼʦͨ˿Ĵݡ
Ϊоĺܾܲǻ˲ͱʲôȵĶˣҲܸˡ
еҪˡ
ͷᴥ˲䣬һԽֺõĴƤ㣬ֱӾͰõ˸ͷת
ԺУͼ
ûǰ;Եģ
Ƿĺܺðָ˧вŸɡ֮ĶĶԵ
Ҳܣ
Ҳʱһ

ã
񡭡ҲǲС
뷨һþɳܵĶˡ
Ϊյĺܺθڰ
Ȼ۹ϸˡ
Ǻ
˾͸û
Ϊʲôһأ
һʣʱٷֿ
õ۾ԽԽ
׼Ϊֻǹһ£ûţֻż⣬ץ˷յ·
ȻʵǼֲסˣֻſڷյĻӭ˶Էַ
Ȼ󣬱졣

Ҳ֪˶ãղɿá
ſڷյĻִɵ˫۽ʾûдӸղŵζлع
ͺ
еĻҪ
ĸоһֲĸо
ѹϲƤʢôܻӭ
뵽̲סڷջ˲䡣
Ȼ˵ղųԱ𣿡
ӣС
ϾǲųԵһͳˡ
յɿȻеֽ˵ղڷҷͦϲâꪵģԸղڵȾĿ϶÷Աһݡ
˵꣬Լסˡ
̲ס룬ڲ֪ж˰ɡ
ÿգٿ㡣
ôĵ
׬
뵽̲ס˴ǣȴԣֻӦš
ǡؼң
Ͼǵһ̸ϳɳأ˿ҲЩн
ûԹ⻹û
룬ֱסõ֡
ܵԷĵ¶ȣСָһ
ô
ϲҲϲ
йⷽ飬һĵ͸ŷˡ
ɫſָͷʮָ
һ̣Զ¹⡢ǳԽԽˡ
ϵڶϳŵʱ򣬷յĳָóһ磬һֱ磬ĶƮš
ֱʢҵ
õĺ˲ûˣֵµᡣ
Ϊʢ߸ģԲЩٵȵȰɣʵûʲôС
ϾǷǱһء
аɡ
ʢᳵ·ش򿪱䣬óһƿ֭ҽҪΪһ顣
һš֭һڣһ߼˵ЭǱ׼Ϊ껭֯һΪڰĻɷҪȥҵɽʤд˲ٹ֪;ǽѧҪҪȥۣ
ʢɷӦʱͷԱƫƫûѳ֭絽ϡ
˲ϲ죬ֱӵɴ۾˵⡢˵ûС
ȻʢֱӴȥռ䣬ɫʣһһ̲صϲúͰ⡭
һִİʫطɹɽеش֣żڵЪЪ㣬ȻгΪŵι֦Ϊϼΰİ飬һֵĸ衣١
ʢ˷ܲѣҪǰ⻭ҳȥĻõȥǸɷѧԱֱȥʦˡ
Ȼ⻭һСûꡣ
ҲסˣҲǲŷԼڻӡ
Ϊʱæȥ뷽ȥˡ
û뵽̸Ч
׬ˣ
뵽ǳһ̵ġ
ѹҪĴǣȻǾͰݰɣ
ʢ룺G
ݸļ۸ʮһ
ҪõϣĳλҪرϲģ㶼ϸ
תһ룬Ĳ˵ͳôãڶû£͸ȫķϣôҲø˼һӲǡ
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ĬĬʵҲΪ˸лݡ
Ͼĳ̶ֳ˵ݻͷ֮ĺš
ûأ
Ǳʢôһܸоû֮ǰϲ״̬ˡ
ԡ
ס˴ǡ
ԵȵʢһߣȲزͨ˷յĵ绰
һ㣬׳΢΢ɿ쵽ֱм䣬кϣһ΢â죺ţա
š
칫һŴ룬һߺ˵绰ࡣ
æŰѻ˵Ĵ¿
ϾһĶֻһ飬Ȼײ
Ҵÿһ¸ոһʱϲһЦ˵ҪҪһȥӰ
ãð


17 
ջǾȥμЭ֯ΪڰĻɷϾȻͻϺ츳ǾĶʦԶأĺûʵѵá
ͨѶôȥˣǻԺͷҵ绰
ҪǣҲҪæˡ
ȵձ㽫˵Ĵ¿˳ٸʵ飬Ѿһ֮ˡ
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ֻƸһɲ⡣
ڵؼҺͳ¼ҿν죬˼ؼҺͳ¼ңĿ΢ԶһľӢҪƼ̶ֻһıҵ
ȻˣǱһٷſҵҲУ˶ʿҵйصĿ顣
ʵ߻ãΪһ˾ͶһоŶӣҵÿԸ֡
ҷһҲȡ֮ǰĽѵ˾װ޵ʱֱӻǧӹ⹺һȽİϵͳǼϵͳ͸׵֡
ù˾еԱ๤ǩһݱЭ飬һʽʮݣΥԼߴʮڣֱͬȥбչ񱣴֡
ںؼҺͳ¼ҵʱֱӾͱץ˸ţȻת۾Ͱǧ׬˻
ôҲû뵽ġ
˵
һº󣬷ǰеȫ׼ȫˡ
߾Ͳˡ
Էֱ˵ȻǰԺ˾ܾɽܼˣԿʤһ²񲿾
յ˼ԺֻʵǱߣ˾߾ȫǹˡ
ԿʤãϾֻǼһ²񲿾Ȼû񣬵ѧ
ɺɽͲˡ
ɽǸûйⷽľ飬ɵУǱδҵƲ֮ǰ¼ƲƼƲľûס
뵽ǽҪȥ͸˾̸е¡
׼˾һ𿪷ˡ
ΪȱǮȱˣҪǾֻԼ̫鷳ˡ
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˵˶٣ΪܳٴĲӣҶܸǶס
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ʲôûн赽
ǰѶҲ
Ϊûĸ˾ܾ󵰸⡣
ôһ˵ǰһ˲Ͱĵ׵ǵ׵Ժ
ò˵մǵʹˡ
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Ҳǵ飺á
³壺һҪǲǿ¾ûꡣ
Ž
ô˵ˡ
ڷɺɽæ絽Ժֵʱ򣬳˰Ƽ˶ǲѣһˡ
һ죬ƼĻˡġеϢսѵһʱŵļսĿĹ̷׷׻ˡġվվɻȫˡġĹơ
һҹ֮䣬ġ־ʹ˻еĽ䡣
˰Ҽǵȥײзģû뵽ôˣ
û뵽ϾȻôʵˡ
ҲõҲˣӣ֮ûչˡ
¥ϵѣ֮ûչֻǴ߻ĽڣʱĻ϶ɻġ
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ƼʮʽǰɣѾǮ׼ˡ
ȣ1үүѾ̱ڴˣԴȥǸķҪƭүүµķȫ֮ǾҲűķˣοķҲʱʱ̶̿ˡ
ﻹ뱣ķѾܲˣũģ˶ûݽȻһԲɾ鵽ÿ¾쵽ǧݽ𣬵˼ʹˣҲû켸˼Ҿ͹ˣѣһȫƲ
ؼβǮֻΣź˲̰ʮˣҲʮˣϲϴʲôģﱧö
˵ǼһҸ˼ҲʮˣǶŮ˻򹤣Ըûʱչˣֻһڴһ죬ʺʲôȫϣϲܻ˻˵е˼ҶŮТ˳ˡ
ϣڶŮϣڻˣֻϣġ̫ҪȻһ˼ҿ϶𡣡
ͬϣ
ֻ֪һ㣬Ƽ׬Ǯ𣿡
һڰɣϾôгƼǵһзġ
ùƣѾˡ
#ƼƱͣ#
#ܿս˹#
#򸻺#

#ġᵹʱ#
¼һ⡣
úúãڵѻĲ
ԭġĺĴй¶ʱҲò׼ܲƼ֮ǰѡġƳ
û뵽Ȼĳɹˡ
ȻٲλƼ߲㡯Ĺ͡
ѡֻΪʵʱƿƼоչֻû뵽ԷȻŪƼĴ롣
Ϊ⣬ǲһˡġƼ֮ǰġг
ֻһ㣬ԷθҲС
̶̲꣬ԷѾˡ
ȻǮڡġ޴ǰ㲻ʲô
Ǯ¼Ҳúˬˡ
˵ͻȻһ¡
˵ոʲô
֣¼ϵЦ˲ɢȥ˲١
Ц˵ģǱʲô⣬첻ʲôвˡ
΢˵˶ûм
ȻҲΪˮڴ࣬ҡġȶʵ̫ˡ
֮Ըô˵ԲΪˣʵˡ
˴ʱ򣬷ոȻ׬˶ʮڣǿǶʮʲôļҵǮһڣֺһڣ¥ڣװ޻˽һڣֺǧ򳵻˽һڣʵڣʮˡ
еĹ˾϶ǴӮ Ϊ죬һоѾˣǱ˸֤ݣƼ˸һͿأҪάճԱĸڵĴ ʱϺĵɣǴµ͸ļүӵͻڣʣµһʲô
οǰʱ侹ȻֻƸһȺҵ˾
ѵջΪһ˾ˣ
ʲôЦ
ҲôõģЩ
ΪڷոԵĸͷѾ̫ˡ
һ㣬غᡣ
ΪǲûаѷոӲȥΪؼҵˮƣƼǧΥԼѣѾѾʮˡ
غһһֱ˶ǵġ
ҲʱŶܣ쿪ʼˡ
ڵĪǾһ
ǰ̨˵չʾýͱƼ
ƼʢҲǳ¼ҵʢ
ټڳﱸϣҲеǼƷ¼ңҪڷˣ
뵽Ԫһ
תͷܣȥɣ
˾Խĵ׵Ĳһɨա
죬Ŀ¶ڱصõĿ⣬ȥ


18 
ڷֱֳ͸ˡ
һӿʮѶѡ
󲿷Ѷѡ
ڵȵһˣ
ԭǶΪĻˣûжʮû뵽ƼȻˡ
Ƽģˡ
쿴αϯ죬ְ֣Ӱְ֣װְ֡ƼȦĴоȻȫˡ
Ƽţˡ
ţƴ󷢺˵ƼֻҪһֱȥֻŻһƷΪƼȦһֵǧڵľͷǳ顣
ûƼĹƱҪȻھŶ׬Ǯˡ

ҲһС֪ѷŭѡ
ţƸƨһȺҪ͵ѡ
ɫҲ
ȻĻͳ
ǻûꡣ
춼⼸仰û˵ҶˣˮҲˡ
Ȳ˵Ҷ˵ˣվһӵܣġҪģֱӵʺ
øǳֱӾٱˡ
һ򲽽˵ģ򡮰ġǸ͵ʲôϵҪôУбǼԺ󶼱¼ҺؼҵĲƷǰġ
ģҺǲһҿûгʺϰߡ
СͽңҪлĵ¹ۣڿ֪ˣ˶ġ
ܳȻ²˻
Ⱥ蹷ˣῪʼˡ

ֻܴſƼʮλϯ̨̨Ҳ漴ҵ
磺λαλýǣ
ã
ܹ뵽λμⳡᣬ죬ǽƳһԵĲƷ
ߵˣˡ
ҪҪһȥɢ
Ѿʮ˶ˣϾҽ
ܹԻ֮ѡӵһķ

ȥĻ˴ϣѾչʾˡġĲֹܣ˳ȥɢ̱ڴ˻ϴ˸¹ȥˣ죬ǵġġܸƣصȡιɨ˰Ħ
չʾڡ
ֱӴһ̨˽һ߷ӡ
ܣģҵˮ
δ䣬˾Ųߵ輸ǰһӣֱյʱֱת˳ˮͷ½ϴɾȻŵˮݸ˳ܡ
һĻ᳡ϵҵ
Ц˵ģҶˡ

Żظι£ڡˡʱɵȲҽԺĵ绰ȻڼҽԺָ£ܿ谭ȥҽԺҽֱմﵽ˸߳
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ǴĵĻˣڰĵۼۡ
ָܵĴĻĻĹٷۼǡ
ܻ䣬Ļ˲ֹͣ˹ֻһ֣139999Ԫ
ܣ̳Ѿͨµʮغͣ걣ޣ๤ߡõء
˵꣬Ļ˲һ㣬ɿ
ĻͱˣҪΪһۣ
ʮһ̨
Ȼ֪˿϶ˣǮʱ򣬻̲סЩʧ
ʮ˵겻ԲҲô𡣡
ʮСа׷
ʵҲðɣϾȽĻˣͶȥзÿ϶Ͳ٣Լ۸һҲ
ʵһ㻹ǺܻģϾķһҪǧǮҪȥԺ΢һģһһ𲽣һ̨ôҲϸ߰ɡ
ܱӱ˰ɣӻܱ֤һТ˳ͷǻ𣿡
ԭã¥ôһ˵˲;úû㡣
һѾˣ
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ǲ̶һСʱĻϵʵʱֱ쭵̨
̨Ϊֲ󣬵ܽȴʮڡ
һСʱʮڣˡ
˵ǰȻһƬʣӦģ·ԱǱķͻʿҵԺҪùˡ
˵ˣҾǼ˾ģǹ˾ĹƱѾ20%ˣǶĲС

ͬʱϣｻƼһڡУһƬϲ
ϲϲ
ϸڷԺɱһѰ
˶æŹά¼˺ؼˣڷոӣһʼǵϧ䣬Ͼġٷոӵı»еģҲͱ׵ԺȥˣϾͷǳܿܣЦƶЦ潵ģ
Գ¼ˡƽ侲ĳԪʱҲסеĿϲ
Ϊˣ׼ȷ˵Ϊ˶󵰸⣬Ƽһξܾ˵ʣ¼ҺؼǰһͶȥٶڣеʽΪľǽ졣
Ҳڽ죬ֱӾջķ֮һͶʡ
ҲΪˣЩƼȦĶвŻμǵķᣬΪҲƼδҲƼļҪǺ
뵽̲ܵסЩ˾еľƱ
Űɣһ죬Ҳվһĸ߶ȣվøߡ
һڴҲеľƱЦ


19 
Ȼⳡʢ绹ֻһʼ
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Ҫ֪ڿ˵ֻƼԹ϶ҪƼġ
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¼˼״Ϊ⣬ϾѾû˭ֹڷɵĲˡ
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֪һ룬̼ƼƼƼ졢HWʮҴ˾Ƴһˡ
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һͣеľƱֱӾ͵˵ϣˤ˸顣


20 
ڴ֮ǰƼûлǮһʲôսѵһڸվվɻܼĵطôơͨͨûС
ֻ˷ᵱ죬졢HWʮҴ˾ͬʱתƼķ档
ǰһСʱʱͨѶеĹAPPAPPϷAPPĿҳԼͬط˷ֱӡ
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Ϊһֱӿϰѡ
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ȵȣƼȺϴعأôǿˣǶôdissƼˣ
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Ҳڻɫ˽ӵԱĵ绰ʱ򣬺ɫҲڰѷˡ
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ɽַתϣһתϵĲ˱ת
ͷ⡪Ļˡ
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ƼΣ


21 
Ҳʱ˲ڷӦ
ףôɣҶڹſֱأ
ûĻˣʱʱ˵彡ϴ˵ʵʳṹơŮԷĳȥٵһȷԲϣҲٺıķŰˡ
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22 
桤Ρ
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вмˣäˣǰһֻäȮзԳﲻΪɾܾȥòͣԡʢ֮Ҿ͸һ̨
ڡʢÿ͵äȮһȥɢ
ʲôҸڼҵүүأΪÿ¶߰ǧϽԡʢһԼǮһ̨ôţšʢȥ԰̯죬ʮǮһΣⲻǡʢʢ˵Ѿ׬֮һʢˣҲʢչϰ顣
ѹ˼һ߰ǧϽͷԼֱˡ
ϰ壬а˺üѧУʳã֪ʢֱ֮ʮ̨ʢǼʳõĴʦѾһˡ

ҸоҺһµ硣
˵ʮ̨ʢȥƵô
ҾͲһˣʢΪ·ֻʱǣң·ʱҸϰ忳ۡ
Ҿ˵ѹŶ̶̼ʱ䣬ʢԤ۾ֱŵٶˡ
ⲻ˵ˡʢ𣡡
ΪƼˣܺСǰͷˡ
Ƿպ졢HWʮҴ˾ȴزĲԾ
ȥʢȫĴ󲿷ҵ
һĶġ
ԸƼͼȿ˷ܵȫͣˡʢԤۣΪʵƹ򣬼Ҫʢıǰ֤֤ȷʵʮˡм˵Ĳܹ򣬶ÿͥʱֻܹһ̨ˡ
ԴˣǶˡ
·խ֪𣿡
Ƽֻܽ͵û취û뵽ʢôܻӭĿǰղֻֻ̨ܾȹӦˡ
иĿǰʢģʽʺչиͺӣԺƼзһרչиĻˣ԰ꡣ
ǵȻܽܣҲ⣬ֻǺɸֵ
޹콨ģ
Ȼ˻ع
Ƽǳ׷𣿡
ûɣ֪ƼĹֵѾͻǧ𣿡

˵ǿܲţ֮ǰƼҪȥţҾܾˣΪûǰ;
Ҳ
ǲ֪ǵСӹжʮн԰סһ˫ݲӰ࣬ڼнÿ裬һһŽε֡
ˣסǵԢʮƽһ׵֣Ϊǹ˾ֱһʮд¥ǹ˾£ҲٶˣԷֱӻʮ¥ΪԱᡣ
УƼ칦ʱ򣬳ֲǺܴǽȨǽġģʢ֮󣬷ֱӰƼĹģǷ˸
СӦҲ֪ǹ˾ԱڶǸոձҵѧʵǵʱ֮ѡƼֻΪƼ㹻źû뵽Ȼһʺˡ
ԲۣƼԱըˣ
ʮƽ˵ǿܲţҼһҲͰʮƽ
ʮн԰סŽΡǹ۷Ľడۺˡ
֪Ƽڻ𣿡
Ѿˡ
ҿˡ
ʣʾǺڡ
ǶûҲҡ֮ǰƼѧУУУƼƼofferҶõˣѡƼ

̲סһ롣

ԡʢôˣƼ׬Ǯ𣿡
Ƽôˣ


23 
Ҫ, ʢΪʲôôˣ
һɽüɫ衣
ͷյߣһȺŮǺȻǰȺѡ
ҪôǰһһǱϵ֧, ҪôǱ˽ͷϵĻӡ
ǰ˾ʱ, ҲͶ˲Ǯ, ǰͳ¼ַҲǸ֧ԮǰǰǲٵĹɷݣһٷ֮ʮҡ
ոոմʱ, ؼҺͳ¼Ҵѹǰʱ, Ȼڼı´Ƽ˹ɣǶϾ, ˹ɵʱ򲻽ûһǮ˽»Ǵ˴ǧ
⣬ʢ֮󣬷պͷ·˰ٷ֮˵ĹɷݸǣǷڵķֺ졣
˵, ٷ֮˵Ĺɷݣ㹻ٻعһˡ
ҲûѣΪʱ, Եα
ЩҲĵ
Ҫ֪֮кܶ˼ʲûзշָǵĹɷݶࡣ
յյϢ֮, ǲԼͬǴ˼һ, ȻֺˤŶ, Ͷˡ
ɽʵ, ÿ̨˵ĳɱҪǧԪ
൱ʮVIPûĻ, ÿ̨Ҫһʿݷѡ
չġʢǾ͸Ҫ˵ˣճɱ۹ӦӦõġ
æҲ˵ÿ̨ܶ׬ǧ飬һҪʮҴ˾֣
ɽǵȻΪĵˮģǮ͵ģǰǧټƴӹڵģԱȫǴHWĹģۺ񡭡ǰһ˲ڣһǮûͣʲôùܡ
Ϊǲڶ̶̰ʱͽһղ̨
⣬ǷյĹˡ
⣬Ϊһ¡
û˸ҿδҵʧܵ飬ҲǰڳϵĶӣʧǳɹ֮ĸĵ
ʵԭȫ԰ѡʢļ۸̧ġģҾãǵĻôȽҲ˵ˣٰ֮ڣûй˾ܹԽǣôΪʲôռгء
ͼۣѸռгռʢ
ϾֻҪӲ۸ˣ˿϶Ͷˡ
ʱ򼴱Ĺ˾Ҳз˻ˣгѾռˣǵĻǺãǼ۸϶ûôˣΪҲͼ۳۵Ļʮ֮ڣǿģʮ֮󣬻һӮ׬ǮЩƼ˾Ҳ˻ˮȻҲвˡ
˵ˣ˵Ҳܰﵽˡ
ɽ˵ҪǣһʢĽǧ򻧣ĹЧӦҲǾ˵ġ
˵Ǿáʢô
ʢֱõʮҹ˾ļ
˵˵˵ˣΪʲôƼרŵۣ
ǲ֪ÿο̨۵ĻˣһҪһ䡮Q𣿡
˵꣬ԼЦˡ
ɽ⣺Ϊǲ֪Ϊ⣬ʮҹ˾ÿÿҪڵڲȵʹ÷ѡ
ûЩ˾ۣЩ˾ҪǮ
˾ȿɻֹЩ
Уÿ̨˲Ƕ䱸һֻ̨һѪѹǡһѪǼơЩֲֻбˣֻϵЩAPPҲǵĿ˾ǮǲŸװģ⣬ÿܶ׬ʮڡ
֮Ҫ䱸һֻ̨ҪΪϴصĹѾܶˣҲڻϰװһĻȻҪΪǡ
˶ڼңҪһЩҩƷɣ˲ˣҪҩ룬ֱӾͺʮҩҽԺ˺ԺʢֻṺǵĲƷÿһʶǶҪɰٷ֮ʮ
ҩƷж౩󲻵ҩҲͼǮĪ֡ƬðҵȵȣۼȴߴʮʮԪǳ۵屶ϡ
ҪȻڴôһҩ꣬ؼôҵġ
ͷ
ҲǷճ⣬ÿɲֻ׬Ǯô򵥡
йҲܿǣ֮ڣһǮ˰ÿ껹ʮڵĲ
⣬ֻڻء
ɵ
⻰˲Ŀɿڴ
᲻ἤĳЩڵ淴ϾһʼǿɶΪƼҵԲŻƼøС
׳Ϊ˾ڦƼİѱ
ɽüëһᡣ
ΪƼֱӰѻȹʮҩҩƷд˵


֪Ƽ׬ǮͻȻһ
⼸ҩôǹҩҩƷбϵġ
ˣҰٶȻˣǰ죬ʮҩµľ󲿷ҩƷۼȫˣĸߴٷ֮ʮ
ռˡ
ͻȻϲƼô졣
ҾƼ¼ҺؼңƼ
@ƼдûУ

˳Ҳ䡣
ǿƼˡ

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սؼңƼˣһŭ֮ټʮսʿ˲˻
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˵˻湣
˻ƼһֱŲŵҲˡ
ǲġȻּ֧˻
һԭ볰һǣΪ֮ǰĵ¹۶ҪˣҲҪȥƼĲƷ
תһ룬򡮰ġҲΪ˸õչ˼ˣʵûʲôָժġ
һѵ
ݣ͵˼ҵĶǮ
ĵģûôĵģġĳɱٸ߿϶Ҳ߲ʢۼ۰ɣǾȻʮһ̨
ǻÿ춼ˢ޳ܵޡ
Ѿٱ

鵽ס
һжǸСƺõģͻͬȺ˸ں˿ӣ͵
ɺ죬ȴ
ڽϣǻյһţλƼ߲㡯ġ
ݺܼ򵥣ллǵİ˸ڡŶˣǿġʱֻڣԶڣϢˡ
֪ԭΪλһֱǶ鱨ġƼ߲㡯ȻǷա
˵ڴ֮ǰж⣬ھжǱ
׼ȷ˵ʱ򣬱ﲻ֪жڳЦǡ
Ѿûȥŭˡ
û˼ȥ׷ΪʲôܴһȺҵзȡġȽĻˡ
ʮڰ
ȫˮƯˡ
Ԫɫ԰ס
ʵϣѾ˿˿ˡ
Ϊ֮ǰΪ˶̻󵰸⣬Ծܾ˵ʣΪ˲ϧؼҺͳ¼еʽ
һͶȥʮڣг¼ͶһһʮڣʮǵѺϳﵽģʮǴнġ
ڴ֮ǰȥĻ˸Ѿʮ̨ۿͶȥǮѾջ˴룬ת۾Ҫȫȥ
Ҫ֪¼еʲҲŲոչһڡ
ֻġ
ΪȫԴٴһǮȰѳϱס
ѾǷмʮˡ
Ҫ֪ؼȱľĹϵˡ
ҪȻ֮ǰô׾ٵؾͶƼĴƼִˣµгҲλȵ
ǾڸղţƼǸˡ
ǲƼڵĴµгҲͽ˾֡
ԭܼ򵥡
µвֻһңƼʮҹڶƼ˾κһҵˮǲģķ֮һҵġ
ƼǴеĺϵҪΪֺ÷գʲôĴ۲һССĸгеġ
ԲȷշǾˡ
Ҳζţвٴˡ
Ԫִֻ
΢ϣƼɰռѡ
#ʢ#
#Ƽֵǧ#
# ǧڸ#
#ҩܲøƼָܾʢȫȨ#

Ԫˣ
̲סȥ룬ûгķַɸִƳ¼ңǳ¼ڸж⡭
˵Щʲôأ
뵽Ԫ岻ҡ
ǲ˿
ܲġ
ԼȻ竣Ūڹ֮е竡
ԼȻ䵽³
һ˵ʲô
ǿԼ侲Ǯˡ
ˣ¼ҾҪƲˡ
ȥʮ̨֮ͶȥʽѾջһ룬ʱٰѹһǵĿܽһСҲ˵¼ҵƤë
ֻһǵ϶Ҳͳ׻ˡ
ڼǰǵʲô
ƲֻҪǮڣȫԸͷ棬ɽ
û
Ҳҧ˵
ЩңҺǲּ֧˻һڰװϺ˵ϱˡǰȷܣһ⼤ӰۣҼֵϴԲ⼤֧˻ĻһЩҰǸϷͥҲߡ
뵽ڵתͷԪ֣˵أ
Ԫ˵ʲôأϻˣܱȳ¼һҪǿ
ֱӱ˫ۡ
ôҲû뵽Ѿ˼ഴĳûаڷɸΪĳڸ
ܼ״ֱ˵͸绰
ȫеһܰؼժȥ
Ͼغδؼķңʱһҳ£ܱһҪǿ
ֻǲֻóڵֻˡ
绰ģܣˡ
׼ȷ˵ǡġˡ
ڸղţġը¹ʡ
ΪûǸƢģ˲˻һŭ֮£һˡġһţһˡġһȭġͻȻͱըˡ
ǶܼʱϱըĶԲûˡ
ǵûͲˣͬˡġһţ˱ըʱɳȥƬֱӰһ˫۾ϹˣĸҲôһţֱԳѪICU
Ѿˡ
ΪµĵûȻԭƼϯзʦƼзʦƽһ
⻰һֱֻӵ˵ϡ
һҰף˵ˣȫˡ
飬벻˿ˣΪһǿǰѡġȫٻ
ȻҲ뵽һ㡣
һģ㱻Ӱ
ġô£
ġôܳ£
Ԫžʹϸ·һҪʹȥ
Ҳʱ򣬳뵽ʲô۾û꣬ǻûꡣ
˵ˣƼûˣҲûˣǲǻҩֻҪƷܹ˳УǾܹɽ𡣡
ڶʱǰһ٣ûǻûϾ·ء
ǻؼңؼһӲܵġ
ؼҼҲǧڣǻȴؼҽһǮȼ
ֻҪǮʱʲôʱˣһ˶٣Ȼ˵㡣
ЩֻҪƣ;Բұǡ
ƷǴӷҵ洫ؼġ
Ҷͬ͵ıƷЧҪһֹʱ϶ռгʵӯ
ʱǵΣȻҲͽˡ
һжлء
һеǰؼԸǮǡ
ؼҿ϶Ǯǵġ
ҧ˵
Ͼڿغδ򰡣
û
⻰Ԫ˲һ

һߣΪϲһһɺɽѾЦ˿Сʱˡ
ȻǵԼб£֮ǰжӲڻ˵ͷ˵Ĵۻͦúȵģȥ͸үӳ
ƽһû뵽ƽһҲн졣
Ƽ棬ƽһΪɶΪԭһġ
֮ǰʱ򣬽ѾƷˣֲˣڻҽԺء
ƽһǾ͸˵ˡ
ƽһĸײأǶӣѲˣһԲ˫̥ӣԭտ˰Ĵнչ˺ӣԤ֧һнˮȬ֮󣬸Ǹڹ˾һеĹнǧһ֡
ĸãתͱ˷ɸһ
֪ôʰƽһأϾֻҵڷɱδҲ̫ˡ
˭뵽أΪƼҪƲˣϯзʦҲͷˣƼȴ죬ԿʤרŸ˸绰䣬ͷ֮ǰƼٰ칦ʱ򣬳ܲǸÿ˷һ̨ġáġġͻȻըˣԱߣɲ͸
ԣתͷԿʤ
Կʤ¶ĿŴһ޹ҾȥҫһС㽱ҶȨȻˡ
ʵѾܴˣƽһٷ֮һĹɷݣ͸һ׺լһ
ûбȽϾûв࣬Ȼû͸Կʤլͺȴٷ֮ȨֻҪԿʤۣʮ֮ٷ֮ȨͻԶתΪɷݡ
ƼһֱУٷ֮Ĺɷݲԭʼˡ
Ȳ˵ԿʤֵĹɷƽһֻ˵ƽһƼʱϯзʦԿʤֻǸʵϰԿʤҡһƼСɶҼʮڣÿǷֺõڣȴʧҵΣܲ
Ȼˣ֮ô󷽣ҪҲΪԿʤԵݺ
ΪԿʤɽһǸӾοԿʤææ⣬ϼӰൽ賿ǲæ
ԼҲ㹻ϽȻһʼʲôᣬǰϷʱʱָһ˵ƽһͽǣѾⷽˣԷվļֵ
˵
ԡġΪʲôᱬը
ɣ˵ǴbugƼ֮ǰѡġг԰ȫʵֻ˼飬˵߶·˵أҺɲɣǶδǽڵʱдġ
ҲǸԼ˳ˡ
뵽ɸˡ
ɽҲܸˡ
ΪҿҪƲˣϵʱ⸸ҪͶһ䡮㷢֮Ͳţҷ֮Ǻ𣿡ҽԺ˵ƫ̱Ŀܡ
ڵ˵ѩϼ˪
ڽֲˣƽһϹۡЩСȫ˱ӦʣؼҺͳ¼ûнˡ
뵽ɸɾʮ㣺ȥϵǡ
δ䣬Ƴˡ
ռ״̲סЦЦ
ҲܸˣΪܰЩˡ
ʵϣ㡮ġ£Ҳа취Ƽ˿ġ
Ҳʡ鷳
Ȼֱӻ˰칫ңؼҵϡ
һߣ֪òμ껷ɷˣʢ³ҵ˻
һţʹߴٿˣ죬ҿ⼸µĳɹҿ˵ˣЭǱĸڿεЩ֪ϻҿɶĽ޲ڣԼƷ㽻ġ
⻰ҲЩСֱӾͰԼĻ˳
ôࣿ
ʢʶ
˷óĻʮ
š
û˵ǣʵһʮֻʮЩϻһˡ
ʢҲûжʣΪעѾЩͻεסˡ

һɫʡ
⹹ͼ̬̺С
ʢ˷ܲѣаã⻭ɱȵݵǸҪϡ֡
ؼЧʻôߣСôĲÿһǾƷ
š
Ȼԣʵϴȥˡ
ȵȡ
ʢһطЩͻȻʲôطԾģģҲġ
ʢһɵػͷá
ã
õ齩סˡ
ʢɻȻ򣺡ǲ̸ˣ
õĿ̲סԱƮƮ
ʢˣɴۣȻ̸ˣ
ȻĻһ
˭˵ⱲӶҶţ
ǸҰ˵˭صĻصģ򹤵ĻԼ˾ģ١
ýôʵĶöܾˡ
ת۾ͱһ֪ĶðҰ˹ˡ
ͺί
ã
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ʢֱӴĻдʣһܹʮһСǹء
ã
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ʢɣˣʮ
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ĸʮ
ʢɿá
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ʢˡ
ʢɣ
⡢⻹ûȡ
Ͼһ˿û츳
Ȼʢɾˡ
ôҲû뵽һµĺѾȻҲôɧһ졣
ⲢҪ
ҪǣƾʲôһֱҶڶһ޿ĴƮ㣬ƫƫȴɾҵһϹת۾Ͱҵ˫ա
Ȼʢ̲סʵǸҰ˵˭
˵죺Ƿա
գ
ʢɾֺе졣
ӦⲻõλλɷͬʱҲ½ǧڸ
ҲǸ㡭
û˵꣬ʢɾԼͱˡ
ΪüȻô˵϶֤ѽ
ˣ
˵ȴͻȻе뷽ˡ
ǷֿŲһ졣
ԥˣ˵ˣҪȥˣϹڿ϶Ѿ°ˡ
˵꣬ȥ
ʢɣ
ҫѽ
ж˲
ж˲𡭡
뵽ʢᶼˡ
ͻȻæ׷ȥˣǱߴ绰˵һͻȥ
ͷҲأ㿴Űɣ

õҵʱ򣬷չȻѾˡ
ɷ˽ŲԼûôˡ
ɳϷͬķյ̧ͷЦ˵ˡ
ͱȽ̹ˣֱԵĿλ
ü״ŽŲȥ˳ڷֵʱֱ˽
ֻǷ̫ճˣŲͶ뱧ء
ֱһڣʲô
ܲ˵ɡ
Ҳ̫ˡ
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ã
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ģԻ˼ˣǹⰵʾʲô
ռ״ﻹ͵ס±ҧסĴꡣ
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֪ʱͻȻһŲŷžͱˡ
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ҩǱߣǺҲɿڵĴˡ
ŶˣǼҲˣʲôʱð˵Ȼ顭
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ɣ
գ
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ȵȡ
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õɴۣŷգ̧ŭҪ飿
һʱ֮䣬ʲôϲãʲôۣȫûˣ
Ժֻʣͷ确Ȼһ뻻šֱ确ȻϹˡСҪĸҺ飬Ȱѷˡ
գ
ôëˣɼжæغûе¡
øˣɿףô˵ˣм٣
ʱ㻹ƭң
˵꣬ϵķ߿
ռ״æѹסҽͣԭȷôġ
⣬˶µġ
ղײĺǷպȵĳ棿
պȵĳ棿
طӦ
˵õĺòûи飬ɼͺ飬õ˼أ
ת۾͵͵ˣ
ֻţȴɵЦ
ΪܺŪٳֱٺòˡ
ϾļҴǸϼף˻ء
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ΪȲ֪յʲôʱ׷ֵġ
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ŷսŵûе¡
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ҽ͡
ɣ
ʶԼղźһӡ
뵽һΣȻתܡ
ˣ
ڣյĻȦֱӷ˺죺Ȼġ
ռ״ֻõͷõһڡ
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ŵЦ˵˭Һϲأôãôú֡
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öʱ۲죬ֿʼֱˡ
ܹ־ᶨ
ʵǷ̫˵ˡ
ôһϹ˶ϧ
뵽͵͵˷ա
ġܳޡͻҡãտһ㶼û
ֻΪһСͰѳֲסˣǹѹȥ
أ
ӣס͵øˡ
ûʱ򣬷յֻͻȻ
գ
ã
ͺ
û취ֻôõĿҳֻ
绰ɽģ˷ܣգͷˣ˵һ档
ĵ׵Ĳ˲һɨգ𴽽ǡ
ΪλؼҵĶ룬һ򲻶ɽյүӣסˣ
ֻЦ˵Ǿš


24 
ؼһȾ졣
һֱ, ղǽһүӵԼ
ؼؾڲˡ
죬ͷҲͷغȴû
һͦװ, ͷһ˿, һֻĿȸ
Ŀ겻Զ
غû뵽, һ죬ؼҼ̳˻䵽Ҫȥֺ÷յĵز
еķʲôӣֳִǳ롣
ⲻ֪, Ŭֺ, ʱʡ
ɾһûзķ׷֮, ׾ٵؾͽؼҲ˽ŵס
ǿؼңҽҩҵͷʲǧڣھȦ˰ͽеؼҡ
תͷ˿ͬװġһ˿ؼ, ͻȻӿһĳС
û˴
׼ȷ˵ؼ˶ؼľء
ȫȻ, Ҳһ޳󻻳ɳܵġ
ڲŻվ
֪ղԭڷ֮ϲ, Ϊؼ, Ϊ̳˵λ, Ҳһԡ
ΪһǵĻء
Լô, վ
Ҳʱ, ȺǰүͻȻ˵ˡ
غתͷȻһֹͣǰ
һһĨЦǰ˳š
Ȼסˡ
ʵϣԳԪʮ֮󣬵һμա
ڵķղ沿ҪӲһЩ
ûϳ
ʱӦա
ȴֻƮƮؿһۣȻֱ̧ȥ˵ҺȲ߰ɣ
ȫȻûڳؼ˷
ؼغϵ˲佩סˡ
үȻعһȻŹȣȥǽŲЩġ
˵طֱλˡ
ܿ죬ʦͰѲݺˡ
Ƽ䣬غһƽķգʶڵķѾӡеǸˡ
ڵķվžޣݶ
žΪһֿˡġ͡ʢݶΪһֽ¼Һؼұ˾·
غҲ֪ΪʲôҪʮҹ˾Լļ۸ۡʢˡ
ҪĿģΪ˱¼Һؼҡ
ؼǿҽҩҵҵģؼµʱҩǹҩҵҩȫҩȫ˳ɴСУӵһһǧҩ֡
ڣƼʮҩȻҽҩҵ
ΪʮҩҩƷԺеĳҩƷǰһ죬ƼǱߵҩƷˮ˰
֪Ƽ𺦵ĵ˭档
ˣڡʢ֮еĹվվ˸ˢͳɰҩĹٷ콢͸صȫˣѡƼҩҽԺҲ׷¼ʱҩһЩҩƷ
ҩǱߣһ¡ʢȫȨոֻҪڣʱҩЩҩƷר϶Ҳڵ֮ȫջȥ
һ׮׮һֱӾͰе·ȫˡ
ҲΪˣƼʮҩɼͬʱ̶̲һڵʱ䣬ϵĹƱѾ˿һˡ
ضûС
˶ڿؼҵЦͬ˶ڿոӵЦһ
Բ˽֣ؼ˱ϥӡ
ҲʱүӿˣϹ͵΢ЦգƷƷҵıݴʡһ
ԣù豭һڣȻ
󲻵үӼ˵һתżɽʹϵˣû˼˵ɣʲô
⻰ѾˣҪǷָؼ˵ıƿڴ
һ˲
үӵ漡΢ɼس鶯һ󣬺һеĲ豭ǰ飬ؼҶԲס㡣
Ҳˡ
ںѾûˡ
Цһû˵
үӣǿԸٷ֮ʮϵĹɷݣֻҪ̧֣Źؼҡ
û֮ǰֵǧڣٷ֮ʮĹɷ൱һʮڣؼΪ⳥Ѿˡ
ˢˢؿ˷ա
ֻշеĲ豭˵Ҫ
⻰ؼ˲ԼͬرɫֻΪ̰ᣬٷʮʮĹɷݶ١
֪һռ˵ҿԷһҪǵĹɷݡ
һ˵վȻҪϵĹɷݣȲʵҪʲô
գֻҪҵ洫ؼСġô¹ʣôҲøЩһЩɡ
ʲô
غ̧ͷ
Ҫó¼ذ
ҵĶȻӦûصҡ
¼Ȼ׵ؽؼǡ
ҲٺǾȥ
Ҷ˵ˣؼĿǰںͳ¼ҺؼϵƷķ洫ؼϿ϶еİɡ
ؼ˲㿪ˡ
һҵ洫ؼգ֮ǰͶʶʮڽҩ϶Ҳͷˡ
ڰٷ֮ʮĹɷǰʮʲô
ںһĳ¼ңͱ׵Ժȥˡ
ؼ˵͵ؿһԳĬүӡ
ү˷һֻۣǲŷվȻô׵ؾͷŹؼҡ
ûоܾأֻ˵ֻҪ˵
ЦˣҿɲǣȻ˵
˵꣬Ҳؼ룬ֱվˣȻ˵ĶѾ˵ˣҾͻȥˡ
غʼձųĬԹ˲Ͼﻹܵ˳ܵ
ĸȴѾסˣΪ̲סȥ룬վȻô׵ؾͷŹؼңǲ˵غĳ˼
æغ
غĬĬֻܼѵ̧׷ȥ
գҼǵϲԷˣǱ¿һҷҪҪһȥ
Ȼͬʱһգ
˵Ŀɲã·
ҲغĻ˳˹ȥ
غһ㶣صɴۡ
غ
ⲻǷյǰδ
˵ˣ֮ǰհȥš
ʲô
һ뵽ղغ˵Ļõըˡ
ڹա
Ҫ
뵽ŭɷգзҪǸҴӦغ͸Բ˶ߵļơ
ռˣǰ˱סȻֱһڣô
ã
õʱˡ
ͥڵľ̫ˡ
Ȼֱ§ס˷յ̵ţҵûˣϡ
գǾһתתҼǵøмҲݣ㰮Եâꪡ
š
öʱͰغˣȻԹԵظŷˡ
˵ıӰغֱԭء
ʱ˿ֻ̣ʣһͷ
ˣ
ؼԱ뾡ϺͳϵΪɣҪ¼ϸЩġҰ˻
ΪؼҰæ¼ٴδдʮڣؼҲӦ˻ٽǶʮڣԳ¼ҧҧӦؼҵҪ
ġ˳õ˿֮⣬Ƽÿ˲ǧԪľʧѡ
ڽǮĿ£ϺͳϵĹƱȻʼ
Ȼڳ¼һʱ򣬷ɽҵ洫ؼ΢ϡ
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鵱ֻֽ˹ȥ
ܵһѶֻȻ󶨾һ
ȻǷҵ洫ؼݡ
飡
ǰһڣеֻ漴˵ϡ
Ҫ֪ǺؼҺǸƷҩг¼ҵݶǿŷҵؼģڷҵؼ˹ܣ¼ҵ³֪
ܡ
Ъ˹ҵ洫ؼһֱţôУ
ҷҪ֪ôڲó
ܷӣǿվ塣
ҲʱͻȻһϵֻС
ڳĳ¼תͷԴ
ԪһҰףˣ֮ǰؼ̸ʱǸؼһݸӡ档
ܡ
ʶ
ؼҲܱǵġ
غδؼôܱǣ
ֻô룬ܻǲͳֻ
ǲǣ绰һغ֪ˡ
Ȼ绰ȥȴһֱ˽
ɫһ䣬򶨣ֻûߡ
˵ֲ꣬˳ȥ
Ȼǵ飬ı顭˽
ҲڳԽеʱŵС˵ˣܣڸղţЩվվȫҩꡣ
䣡
⻰һ
ϸ룬Ҳ֪ζʲô
ؼҾȻıǡ
飡
ץϵıӺݺݵ˵ϣ״񣺡ؼңؼôң
ҪɱǣҪɱǣ
һߣԪҡҡ׹
¼ˣ¼ˡ
˵꣬͵һѪȻϸֱֱصȥ
֡үү
һĴо˴ϵȺ


25 

һЦ˴С԰ʳȺ
ļլ, Ҳڼϲˡ
¼ҲǴ֪ؼǸʲôУȻָؼһѣؼΪԱ, תͰǸˡ
ؼҿǹݵ, Ϳ˳¼, ƭ¼ҴʮڣϹƱ¼ҾϰѳܳﵽʮھѾܲˡ
Ҳ˵¼Ʋ֮, ٻҪٱʮڵǷ
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Ȼǵĳ¼гһվˣԸɴһ÷
Ҳ˷ɵ»
Ͳó¼ԽùԽá
ϧǣ¼ûӺؼ, ȻǾǹҧһëˡ
Ϊ¼ֻҪǵؼıȡġͱ͹ؼҺһˣȻ, һ¼ԼҲԲ˶ߡ
ûϵ, ֪, ԪֽҽԺ, Ϊʱ̫, ĸβˡ
, ǱӦүȻǿ۵ģȻҰѸξҵҪһػʲô
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ڳļҲ˲䰲
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ֶӵתƻ⣺ؼأүүǾŹˣ
ɣôܣ
ֶӣǷ岻ǶӦؼ𣿡
˵꣬תͷա
ڷҵǼ洫ؼȻڼǰѾõ⼸ˣֱɰ֡
ѹʥ˻˵Уʦ
Ҳѹֳ¼ҹǿļŷӾܴ½ڵĲƸ
·ϱӻ˷Ƿĳɾͣ⼸ҽ֮Ҳòȶ辶˼ά
Ƿ֮ҽѧջˣϾ֮ǰڵʮ꣬һڲзġֵͼ˾֪ˡ
ֶӵĻյ̧ͷû
һתЦ˵ⲢǾͲܺǽҵˡ
֮ѡʱŹؼңһΪ˷ֹؼҹǽǾͺû˼ˡ
Ϊʱ֮ڣҲû취׽ؼңϾؼҵĵ̰ҩ֮⣬ŲٶҵҩƷרҪȻʱҩҲҽҩҵʮ겻
Щרڣؼһʱˡ
ⲻ֪ʱű˸ʹࡣ
Է˵׼ٿһʵңһרоؼרصҩƷ
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׹ǹؽϵͳ͡ʢǰڵķɶԷֻʣΡ
ؼ˲ںǮȨΪ𱨵鶼óǾǳһʧȥЩζˡ
ؼЩǵ˲أǵӿǲùˡ
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뵽̲סЦ 
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ΪƼϺҩȴ벻Ŷѣλֹ˾ܲղķ˹һʮ绰Ĵߴٺͽ£ҩֱɳܲûΪ׵̸ţҹϵ˻
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ҪǷ鷳ֱӿֳɵƼʮҺ˾ҩʢȫȨҲӪ˱ڹ׬ȡƼʮҺ˾ֵһ롣
ҩȻ̲ôһ⣬ͲסΪҽҩ˾ųλĹɶаPNCЭᡢ˷ղš»𡢵һвšǴЩ棬֪ǴϺܴһʱ档
֪Ĳ⽻ߵĲ
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ΪһƼ׬ǮΪʢĹֻڹڵĻΪṩٵĹλҩӻڻˣȻҪһʲƵĹ˰Ի׬ˡ
ͳһǽ춼úúõĺһ
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ɵһȻ˶䣬˳͵͵طס˷յ֡
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26 
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ҵ洫ؼɹȥ֮, ӮͬʱҲҽҩ˾ԺͰĦãƲ١
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ЩΪԼ۸ʹƼ֮󣬸Ļǻ򣬱ϾֻСʢһֻˣҼôȽ
ǵΪǶ仯ء
ֳһЦǵĳСáʢ̫󣬼ϹڲţǾԷ¢ϵ巣ҩMԪҩҲǳصģֱٻȫƷ˸ù˸ùڲûãùͱ˱ùֱͨͶڹ
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鲻֪һ
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ͻȻ̰Ҫࡣ
˵ԵĻϣ±ӻһ𡣡
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Ȼվͳû֪


27 С
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ڸô죿
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, ǰĳĵ׵˸Ҳ˲ˡ
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, ֻˣ
ɫ԰ף˵ȥҽԺ
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һ룬ֻ׹һƬ˲仯Ϊһ촷, ȷշӦֱ۾Ѿˡ
һĻ, ͫһ
һ, ǰļǵذӿԺ
һ߸֪硣
ĹԪ2012, ĩڽ١
Ҵ౻Զ̫, ֱԪ2122꣬Ԫ꣬Դľ֮ǰҵһʺϵڵĵط
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ΪԦʦгǿϢѹǵĸ֪ԽǿԽ󣬾Խ񱩣صֱ˻ޡ
ƿʦþؼķ䣨Ȼض·ֲƳɵİ׿Ƴٿƿױױ鿨
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ǰΨһܻԦʦ񱩵Ķ
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֮⣬ƿʦԦʦҲ֣֮ΪƷʮȡ
Ԫ212꣬ʷϵһλʮԦʦͳϸ֮󣬼Ƶۣ۹
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Ϊʱ̫ңҽæӱˡ
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ǰ֪µʱ򻹺ãֻҪгԵģѾܿˡ
֪֮Ͳˣжڵ֮ʶĸԴԼ̬Ȼһİˣ͸ˡ
Ұìͷ˼Ҽ򸾣ȫ˺ͬУ˼ʯҲүϡ
ΪǷϲģ˼ʯȴܸĸĳ谮ʡ
Ϊˣ˼ʯûٳԿͷ
û뵽ǣһ죬˼ʯȻξˣһӵƷµʡ
Ҫ֪۹ϰ˿棬ĿǰӵƷʵ˾ˣӵʵˣһⶼΪ˰ƷϵԦʦƿʦ
Ϊˣж䶯ˣ˼ҼţҪ˼ʯ
Ȼǰ˼ʯعˡ
ǰ˼ɨسţ˼ʯĽӻ˼ңڶ̶̲һʱ䣬ͽƿʦΪһٮٮߣڡ
ǰﳹʧˡ
Ҳ֪Լڸﲻ˼ʯͲסһһ֮ѹĵ۸˼ʯĳϴϡ
ı˼ʯ棬ˣϸ˵Ⲣ˼ʯĳգ˼ʯܹ֤
Ȼ鳹ִˡ
ĸǷ˼Ҽ˳ԹⱧĺӣԼĺȥ˼˵￪֮ǰһֱӳ˺
ǰΪ鱻ġ
鷢֮ǰĸҲǸӲģֱӰѼķȫˣǧ׼˼ǰʮĸѡ
ںѵ£ĵǰ͵ǧ֧ܵǱҩҪͻƵƿʦ
֧Ǳҩ֮ǰֻһƿʦ
Ȼ鲻֪˭ϣֱȼʱĳ棬Ƕʱһ󳰷
Ϊһ֧Ǳҩ̺һ⺺ƿʦǰ֧ȻŽΪһƿʦ
յʣĽ񲢲⡣
ҪǣǧǱҰڵ۾һˡ
ǰӣⱲҲǸһƿʦˡ
һƿʦСʱܻһſһƿʦڤһõ֧ſʹܣԾ㲻߲ݣһҲǻʮſһ׿ʮǱңһһʮǱңһʮһţҲ˵һһƿʦһ׬ʮǱңȥϼ
ֱǿòٿ
ǰҲܾҪǣǮĲˣ֪ôĸһ
ʱǰӵ˸ĸĵ绰˵ҪģΪڸղţƱǧ򡭡
ǰʵΪ̫һûˡ
桤ˣ
գ
Ҳ֪㻵»Ǻ¡
ղŷӦȴ˸ա
Ůˣʲô
̧ͷҲǻʣһ֧Ǳҩǿ𣿡
ǰɼãûϴѧ˼˻ҪӵģǮǰһѧ
ǰع֮ݴȻҲûˡ
Ϸòѧ֮
ǰЩˣʶ׼ȷ˵֯һ»ú͹ȼǰˡ
⻰ԱߵһҲյɫʱͽסˡ
ֱӿ˹ȥ
λɲǰλѡ
뵽ߥǰЩ飬΢С
ֻҧӿڴͳ֧ǱҩⲻǸղͻȻε¶ˣԾͰˣϾһǧһ֧ء
ǰһǧһ֧أҪûˣͿ˳µİ֧Ǳҩˡ
뵽ȭͷյøˡ
ƾʲôΪͶ˸̥Сյĸ࣬òյعˣֻܸҡβֱΪã̶̲һʱ䣬ֱʱǷ˿ȫڸˣǰ˷ôһǮ־ǧ򡭡
УҪһڶС
յ˵ȻûˣΪף˴󽱣ͣһȥԶٺõô
Ȼô˵տ϶Ҹֱֽװ÷ոǮġ
Ϊǰնôġ
Էֻ˵ҵĹûǮˣҰ軹ûѽء
ôһ˵ֻΪѾĬǮˣȻôõһӷյĻ᣺û£ҹУȽ㡣
Цˣð
һԵŮ˵˻һۣǾͲȥˡ
ϾҲǺ졣
յ˵ˣ͵Ǹһ¡
ϾŮ˵˶СҪܻŷյǮûǸùϵǵȻٺò顣
Ҳ˵ǰҸղŻ˷һƿ
պնô˵ˣŮ˵ҲͲƴˣǺðɡ
ȻֱӰǴһҸߵȻ󷽵㡣
ֻΪˣһ䣬Ȼ˷ܵǸá
ߣļ⵽ȫһ顣
ûԣԸһơ
ӣոˡ
ŮԭЩǼպô飬Ҳͺܿ׵Ժˡ
վôЦſհͽЩȻʱʱعһơ
󣬳˷֮⣬˹Ȼˡ
ߡ
ߣһʮǧԪֻۣҪʮͿˡ
ֱգ磬ҹûǮˣһˡ
ջǵ£Ժش˹ԣ˸ˡ
Ȼ߼˵λƿƺһļߣͷǰֱ̨Ӹù𣿡
⻰յ˵ùɣ
ȻǸղϲʱ͵͵ġ
üͷһԴð
ҲͲˣǾٸ׼ʮƿƺˡ
ߣõ
ȻֱӰȥ˸ľƵꡣ
Ȼֱʮƿƺ˼ҡ


28 
, ˼ҷ򸾸˵ø˯š
ڿջǻظǼ仰
û뵽Ǽһĺ˵
ӣǻôЦǼҡ
, ǵøϳ°ҪǱ˼, Ҳ뵽ȥƱһѡˣǲˣֵ
ֱǿ˷ŵĶ
˸ʶǰѶ
ȻſЩʲôƣļ⡣
ǡ
Ķģ
ЩٵʮǱҡ
ĸҲ˲ͱתע
ջ˻͸ҵġ
˸һ㶣͵ģ
ôܣ
ֻռǵıˣôǶһôĶ
ʵͿղʲô, ֻرҲö˵ʲô
մ΢䣺ԡ
еˣ裬ҹ, Ǻúúһ, ͵ףǼǧ󽱡
ǧ⼸, ĸЦá
Ҫǰ, ϶᲻á
Ͼֱ̲ܹӱյ, ͨ˳˻ٵĹЧƽʱһļҪǧǱһ
˼ʯ꼶һǲŻһСļ⽱˼ʯǲԵġ
˭ýǸأҲʡ
뵽, ĸֱгһ, ʣµһֱܷ֮ӷŽ˿ռŦ
ܿ, ĸһ
⡢ĩը⡢
쳢
ĸֱӰѴⲦ˷
ҲûܾΪ֪ܾûá
ڣǼԺһܾԵ⣬еġ
ֱӼһŽóԣá
ĸʱˡ
˸һһھܿˡ
ļ⣬һ¶ǣ̺˲ӵ˶ůġ
ȵһҹ꣬˸ĸѾֱ̱ɳϡ
ռ״ϴˣְѳһ顣
˸ĸŷӦֻΪΪǱҩ£ǹԲͻȻôԡ
̲סЩο
Ȼûǧ򣬿Ǻǲǧ𣬲ܻ˼ҵǮܰѷӺ̶Ҳøˡ
ӣ϶Ҳܡ
ҪǣղŸոջصûãҪѵ̫һ淴ô졣
Ͼôӡ
ԭʵѾʱŵһߣԺҵʵĻᣬٺ̸һ̸ġ
ڷôȻѾʶԼĴˡ
ȻˣǾ͸޷﷽ˡ
ֱ˵ģȥƱİѽϾȥǮ˼ҡ
ǼҾҲǷǼҵˡ
˵ĸ̲סСؼһ䣺ԺһҾ͹úõĹӣòá
ٺ˼ң˼ʯϾˡ
һ䣬ûֱ˵Ϊ·
ʵϣҲǷŭġ
ΪĸǹѺӸ˵ԣΪվһԸĸĽǶϣǳϣ˼ҵȷǸʲĴڣҲ޷˼ʯṩʳǼҲǱϲ࣬ûп˼ʯ˼ʯнĳɾͣһĹͰɡ
˼ȴǵĶˡ
ֻмӱԷպá
ˣصá
ǰΪȷһѾĳ̶ֳ˵ҲпԭеһСΡ
ˡ
Թˡ
ֻҪ˼ҲQǰҲЩʲô
ʲô
ôһ˵˸ĸûзӦ
վȻӦˣ
Ȼͨˣ
ĸϲúúá
Ժһںúùӡ
ȵ侲뵽ʲô˸˵Ժô죿
ǰջֱʲôģҲ֪˭ʵݱ¶˳ȥЩ˿ȫĺڷۣ췢˽ֱ·϶߲ͨˡ
ĸ룺Ҫȥ˸УԿܲٿѧ˵˸߿ĿѶȲ󡣡
ϾͨûбѧҲʲôù
Ȼһƿʦͨˣһ˵ˣһƿʦȥƿȥϼ
ֱǰæҲС
ǿһ꣬ר⣬Ϊλúã⻹
ֱӾܾˣһֱֱϷֱƿ
ϾһδӴܸȤ
һҲŹأ۹ôڻûȥֱĻ˵þͿء
ʲô
˸ĸ໥һֻۣΪջûġ
ֻܵ˵ͷǺðɡ
پ㷽׬ʲôǮҲġ
һȻֿ̧˿ԣѾһˣ˯ɣ
˸ĸš
һֱ˯˵ڶ 
˸ĸһȥƱİ콱ȥˡ
մӱĸķ˶˳˳ִ򿪹һյĵ绰ô˹
绰һͨվͷ˵ô£߰˸绰㶼 
Ȼź˵尢ӦѾ쵽˰ɣҽǮңŸ׸أЩǲǱˣ
˵̲סͷ
ôҲû뵽ϣǼ˾ȻʮǮ͸֧Ǯ
ԩͷ
뵽ֻһˬ
֪һ룬˵ǮʲôǮ
һ㶣ĵͻȻЩͳԷǮ
Цϣ㲻˵͵𣿡
ռˣǡ
ֱӴĻͣȻ㸶Ǯҿɴͷβû˵Ǯ
ڷӦ˹գˣң
˵ѵһֱˣ𣿡
յƿڴҸ㣬ҪǲǮԲ˶ߡ
ǿʮ򰡣Сʮ깷ӣôǮ
ο֮⣬Ƿ࣬Ҫ֪һ¹ҲŲǧͷ
ȴôԸңǾ㾯ҲǾ仰˵Ҫ͵㣬ҿɴû˵Ҫһ㣬Ǽλܹ֤ġ
ֻ߻ǮҼåܵҰ迪£Ȳ˵Ͳ͵óôһǮǲˣʹҰ˼ʯĳմȥģ˵Ҫǰ˼ʯô
Ͼ飬˼ʯʵʵڵĶģ֪Ҫ˼֪Ҳһţʲô³
յ¾ˣŷӦѿڶ㡢㶼֪ˣ
ЦЦǰҲҴΪʵңԲһٶرƣˣԡ
˵꣬ҲٺϻֱӹҶ˵绰
ƶղɧ
Ȼ֮Ĺû
ҲѾʲôӣԹ緹ֱӻص䣬ֱ䡣
ܿ죬кܶӿ˽

Ȼҿ
ֿֿ˽Űǲʮ˴թʬ
У԰ȫҡ
ոûЩĻֱ˵ǰ飬˾Ǵˣûʲôñġ
Һ˼ҵĶԹҲѾȥˡ
ΨһԲסĴžǸλ˿ˣܱǸʧˡ
˵꣬վŹԾһ
˭ڼ̳ء
Ϊ˱ʾǸ⣬תֱ䣬ȡʮ˹ڣϸһƿ
ΪʲôҪôƿƻˡ
ƣزǧһƿ֣
ȻǡðɣҪǳҾԭ㣨ôҪ
Ǽ˼Ǹ͵ǸΪʲôҪתֱ䣬ѵ㻹ֱ
ܲҪ

ֱֻóһ׿ϡ
˵׼ֱƿ
Ļʱըˡ
㻹ûء
ү㸸ĸϣһ㻹ҳQҪĸܰҹ͵͵
벻赽ôģүǽӹȥһסģҪǴӦˣ°뱲ӾܹϽʳֱӾ;ܾˣڻҪΪô˼ҶϾ
ôģѪԵϵȶʮĳϦദҪҪ£ޣ̯ô
˭ٿֱ˭ǹ
һǧһķҪܳ˼ʯүΪһߵȼƿʦӾȥμӱ̴ӹѡΡ
¥Ǹˡ
emmmmҺסһСʵϣСҲôģȻһǼҲԸ˾ȥְּ䣬˵Ļ˵һȻְ־֮£ȥŲƱȻƱǼǧ
ps˵ϣ֪֮󣬻ಡҽԺ



ǧ򡭡ܳ
ѹûЩĻֱӴһһƿԣ


29 
ϵӵѾһǧٶ, ܹѳܵĴûг˿İٷ֮һȴγһͳȺӽеϰߡ
ȵʹƿʦԦʦ
һֱʮǰƿʦԦʦһֱƿڻҡѧԺ͸ҹ, ƽҪΪƿʦԦʦֻҺ͸ҹ, ߽ɸ߰ѧѽѧԺޡ
ֱλʵۺճɨҡҺ͸ѧԺϵǹƿԦ޵ͼֽ˷е洦ɼƿԡ
һͼĿʻҲ򵥣һһǧ֣ȥƵ, ʣٶ֣Ǿսһûʲôͨһֻôʮ֣ƿ
ͼֽͷڹԵĵһҳ
ֱӽͼֽϵ·Լÿһʵ˳Ҫע, ȻùһŰ׿, ƵĿʻ
һ, ĸӦ, ڵע뿨֮, Ʈɢؼǣ衢̻ձһķӡ׿֮Уһɫ·
Ϊǵһƿûʲô飬ע뿨еһСĶһ, ׿ʱһ, ˡ
Ļǹѩһ
, 㣬һʶûлͱһŰ׿
ǧôﻹǷ
Ȱ㻹ǲҪˣȥϼ׬Ǯ𣿡

Ƿղ⣬ֱӽбϵİ׿ӽͰȻһµİ׿ϣ»
ֻǻڶʵʱ¥ͻȻһ˵ŭ´Ҿͺ顭
һİ׿ֱˡ
˵˵ٴˣ̯㣬ϵغϴңôǰҸˣǾ顣
գ
˵õĳأ
뵽еˡ
ĻȻЦһš
Ҳֻܻʡ
¥Ҳ̫߹ˣҲ»ǵڶʡ
ɢɢˣǲѧƿġ
ǰճ̾һ׳
ȻٴóһŰ׿
һʡʡʮ˱ʡʮʡʮıʡ
ʼͬʱֻһ޷Զ
ˣ
һһ
ںһĻŷӦ

ôܣ
վȻֻ˲һСʱֻΣͰһˣ
ٵģǼٵģҿ϶Ρ
Ҫ֪ҸŵʱҲʱѧ˻һˣҵʿǵƷµȡ
ƷµʲôҾ˾˵ʦƽµȣ˼ʯһҲСʱѧһ
ֱ˵
ˣտ϶ѧ˻һղŸ㡣
˶ʱ
һû
Ϊƭǣͷˣٵ治ˣļٲˡ
ȻͿóһŰ׿»һ顣
һΣֱӾͳɹˡ

Ҳľˡ
ֱùһһ룬һ׹е˲ӿ
ڳԣٴչǷݡһƿԡ
һΣĿƿ
ǾһĿ¡
һֱӾͳɹˡ
Ȼǰױױ
һʮ鿨˵һ֮⣬ļһξͳɹˡ
ԴˣȻⲻ
Ȼ˿ԣֻ˵ˣʱҲˣ͵ɡ
˵ֱ꣬ӹصֱ䡣
ĻҲڷӦ
ҲʶҾȻյֱһ졣
Ҷǹ
صصǷվȻһʮһ𣿡
ɱٸңҲѧˣ˭֪ǰ򵽵Ǳҩ
һֻлƷµȵˣѧʮһĻҲܿź𣿡
ѵҲξˡ

ܳ
үϹ𣿡
֮ǰհ˼ʯ±ͻûɢȥִƶξѵϢ˲ִˡ
˵ܵļʵķĸһ٣Ƕξѵļʵķĸһڡ
֪ܶξѵжϡ٣ܹξѵģ˼ʯһʻֱӴӵȽߵȡ
˸ĸҲˣɱǧ󽱸˷ܡ
ԵڶǾʹŷȥʼ⡣
Ҳ֪Լ֮ûиı䣬Ҳûоܾ
ֻû뵽ʵȷǱˣֻǴӻƷµȱ˻Ʒеȡ
൱ڴӷƷеս˷ƷеϻǷƷ
ļ鱨档
պ˸ĸȫĬˡ
һ˸ĸŷӦķյļ򣬰οû£˵һ˴ˡ
ҪȻҲûһ֮ھѧ˻ʮһ
Ķξˡ
Ƕʱƽˡ
;˸į¡
ǹһˣξʾȻֻһȡ
ЦЦһꡣ
һߣ֪Ϣ˼ʯһ
û뵽һվȻǶξˡ
ξֻ֮һȡ
ζⱲҲ
˼ȻҲͲȤ
ûġ
һվͶξˣһٴӻƷµȽƷеȡ
Ϊ⣬˼ֱӸı˶̬ȣǵع⣬˼ҲĸܣԸ˸ĸҲӵ˼ҷҲҪ˼ҡ
ȻҲص˼ңΪʲãĻ˸ĸߵʱڣֻոʩ
˼ҵϵСү
ƾʲôһݵļүõ˼ķ֣һλʵ۳Ϊ֪ڶʮ꣬һٽżƿʦǹ°Ĵڡ
ɼһһĳɾ;ȻյĹ³һСصس
˵ľȻãΪСʱ򱻱Ϊĸӣʱ򲻶£۸ԲŻõĻεյĹա
Ϊճ˾żƿʦԵ边Ȼһˣ
ģ
ֱһżȻĻᣬ֪յܶξѣΪ츳жߣΪȥŶʱһֵֹľУǸľеļвﾹȻһöʮ
ΪöʮŽ˶ξѡ
֮ĵһ֮ǰǸľС
öʮ֮ȻҲξˡ
Դˣһ㶼Լʲô
ϾΪ˼ҵϵСүݣö
öʮӦġ
λһλʵۣҲѾˡ
º󣬸лһѵһ޳λԴӹԮȻһֻʮˣ׿񻯣˻ޣȻ񹥻ƽֱϳУɭ
ûкҲϱ¾ԻҺӻϵѡһ˼̳лλ˶
ҲΪ۹Ļʷ򣬺˹ҡ
һңʻⳡ޳
뵽˼ʯЦˡ


30 
ڶ, ճǰ
ΪξֻһȵѾѣϳ齱ʼԸһֱ䡣ӿǧˡ
ЩȻЦġ

Ȼҿֱ
ǲǾܵ軹
Ȳ˵, ͳݴСǿľ񣬹עˡ

ɲǣûѰ¹ֱԵλá
ȻֱóǷݡһƿԡһѧ߰¿
ȻҹȻǸš
֪֪ʾȻֻлƷеȵʱ, ж±ơ
ϾΪҽ˵һˡѧԺԺʿ߿ѧߡ֮ҲҪӵ
ǵĻȴըˡ

ţƷеȵţ
еͲ˵Ц
ֻռ˵һѾûʲôоˡ
Ȼӹһݡƿԡ

ʲô
ֱóһŶ׿Ȼ˶
һʡڶʡ·, һһٱ𲽣ķֲҲңԲŻʮһ, ڵĴˡ
ΣÿζΪľʧܡ
Ȼһʹʱ, һƿ
еһӿ, ڵϾͻ޷ȶС
Ͼ鿨ÿһҪǲһ, Ҫʱ뵽е
ʧˡ
ղЩʧ
Ⱳֻһ
ϾȻиӣʲǾܲƿʦ·һֱȥҾء
ĻʱҲӦ˹
, ΪʲôҪΣ
һ뻭ҪܳɹҰͷʡ
ҵи, ȫԼǱҩ, ȻǱҩֻ
ûôǮȥǱҩ, Ҫ֪֧ǱҩŽһ
ΪѾ˼Сү, ǼҸո˴󽱡

û˵, ֻǰ˸ȼ鿨ƿȫȻ󷭿
ֻԵĿһ飬ˣ鿨еЩ·൱һҾݰɣʻԽ鿨˵еӵԽ࣬еҲԽ࣬Խ󣬵ȼԽߡ
ôɲԷһ̨ʹΪԴͨضĳ鿨
ֻǸ˵꣬ҡҡͷ
Ϊ취пвͨΪƿʦҵչ죬ѾһǧˣЩԡս˳Ŀѧô벻Щ
ʱգĻûзѾ˵ˡ
뵽ղüͷ
һķ
սʾ֭
Ҳʱһ
ȵȣ󷨣
ȻڽߣٵӰ
Ӱ棬Щһķ׭һ󷨵
ôǲҲԽЩߵȼ鿨еĸӵ󷨲ֳһĵ͵ȼ鿨ȻЩ͵ȼ鿨һʵڸߵȼ鿨󷨡
뵽յж
ŽЩ߼鿨ֳһ󷨡ȷÿһ󷨵ô索ġȶġġʱ䡣
һ䳰ȷ
˻Ϸүˡ
Ҫڳʲô۹оԺȺѧҾ͸üԲˡ

ûдǣԽģֱĹҲᷳˡ
Ȱ㻹ɣ
ˡ
ɢɢˣǵӾ粻ÿ𣬻Ϸ棬αذʱ˷
ԵȵŪƿԭҿʼֱֻ֮ʣ²һˡ
ǴΪ⼸ĵıȽ϶࣬ˣýȺԸɴͰѷյֱ䵱ˡ
Բۣǿ𣬸мһѵһ޳
ˣҲ֪һҪˡ
ȵȣУҼǵǲǾסڸС

Ȼû죬һ̶ľ
˲СʱлŷڴСд󣺡ǽѾƣһϮ񾡿³ǡ
˸ĸææײŶգ죬޹ˣǿȥ³ǡ
ֻͨˣʱֻҪϺȣѾǶⳡسսĹˡ
Ϊÿ궼ṥǣһǧǰ۹Ѿĵ±ϵ
ĵͱڿˣȡ֮һ໥Ĵ㳡
˸ĸᳵ·شŷǼҵµĴ㳡Ľ˸λð
³ˮϵ㳡װһ޴ĻʵʱǰߵϢ
ȴ˲ЩΪʵѾҪʱ
ֱȻ˳ֱִ䡣
ʱˣȻƿ
ޣܲ΢һ㣿
Ѿҳһš
˼ޣ˰˼ޣ߼Ԧʦƿʦ
ǽƣ֧Ԯ֧Ԯ
Ⱥѱ𣬾
ǽٴαơ
Ҳ˰˼ޡ
˶ĿתؿŴĻһһϢжһӰ
кӺޡ
Ҳ˵үƽȹ޳
յʵҲͷ
ʮһʡʮʡ
һ£һ۵İ׹⣬ֱľһ鿨ԼͬĲ
춯ת˲š
Ƕʮŵһϲ¶һĨ΢Ц
˵ˣ
Ȼûʵġ

⣿
Ȼ֪ʮһͼȴûбϣҪ˵Ǻһܹ弶ױһƨԡ
ѾøˮˣټˣΪ֮ɣ
֪ʱ򣬵ͻȻҵ
ô£
㳡Ͼʱ˷
ŴĻﴫһ̼ȺзһȺޣĿǰѾǱ˳С
ʲôޣ
ֱҲˡ
ޣ˼굽صףڵصͨеޡ
ĵ֮һΪζųǽֵסǡ
޲ٶǰѾȫˡ
Ȼڲ˵ЩѾˡ
Ϊһ룬һҡضŵ˲ͻһһֻС޴ӵص˳
ḻʱϳֻ޵ĵȼã弶ޣܡ
Ȼδ䣬ֻ޿㳡࣬ʱ쳤ХһȻسȺ˹
ý˵ͱ˽ŵף߽Ķӡ
ˣˣ
˻ҽ
Ҳͼ֯Ϊÿ϶鿨ο޳ôΣյʱ
ǰֻ޿弶ޣЯ鿨ûгļ
Ͼֻͨˣȼ̫ߵ鿨
Լʮϰ鿨ҹȥûиֻƤص˺׼ŭ
˸ĸҲˣǳץյ־ܣߡ
ֱĹҲˡ
Ȼǡܰ
Ƿȴͣ˽Ų
ΪԶѪɺĳ档
ǡþھӣǶķޡ
ǰںƽȻûоĳ棬һʱ֮ȻЩ
Ȼ뵽ոջõһ鿨
ֻ޾̫ԶӲȥ
ֱͣ˽ŲȻ˸ĸƽ
Юȥ˸ĸ˲ˣգ
ߣа취Ը
˵꣬һ鿨תֻ޳ȥ
ֱҲˡ

𣡡
ǿ㣬ҲԼȥ
ѵΪƾϵЩһܶԸ弶ޡ

ֻƺҲע⵽඼Ӵܣ߳˹
ۿֻ޾뷽ԽԽ
ﶼֻʣһ뷨Ǿˣ
ʱ򣬷յϣһ鿨ֶ
һ۵İ׹ͻȻ۳һ̺ŻصĻȻֱӭ޵ͷϡ
һ롪
䣡
ըֱӾͰѸƷ˳ȥ
һǲ̧ͷ
ֻԭĿͻȻͣԭأ˶Դֻʣһ롣
Ȼ˵ע֮£ӴֱԵ˵ϣһƬ
һʱ֮䣬С˿
ֱһڹڣܳ
ǷȷӦһҹȻǸţ

˾ǽˡ
ʶתͷĻ
֮УǵصĿս˹
ͷһҿսϣһװͦӰԣһӭ


31 
䣡
˶
ϲ
, оˡ
Ҿ֪һǵġ

ֱЩץסǵĿš
ŷӦ
죬˰
⻰һеνһˮ˶ж
æŰѱʯѹŵڳ, æƿߡʱ
оḻʲô, , ûݣĶʿ, ˵ȥЩ˻š
⻰˵ӿֻޡ
ȻƤ, Ҳըһ˺, Ժܿ, ˾ͼһָף˳˺۰˳
֪˵˻ǲ, ȻǶ, һ˵ȱ޵θҺڵˡ
˵Ĳ״ˡ
Ե㳡, ʮɥ, ˵˸ǲ֪
Ҫ֪㳡˴඼ͬһСľ, ˴˼໥ʶ
һʱ֮, 㳡Ͽնһ㱯ݵա
̲ס, 弶ó
뵽, ˿˵ĿֱӾͱˡ
˸ĸȴûע⵽Щ, , ۿˡ
֪ڿֳ˻ȥʱж
ǲ㱻֪𡭡
ҲûַյΪ
ΪҪǷ, ˿϶ࡣ
ջڴĻϵ, ֪Ϊʲô, ֻӵʱͻȻӿ˲١
Ҳûж룬ֻΪΪһοôȽĿռ䣬ΪһйߵﲻЩ
ȻŰο˸ĸⲻû𣬷ģԺһúñԼ
Ӧðѧճˡ
ʵĳɹûиϲãΪĻ޴ϾһߵĸоɲһΡ
˵ȥ鿨
û꣬ǰ߾ʹһһĺϢ
İ˼ѻУҽǰ֧Ԯ
ǽո
ǽո
Ⱥѱ𣬾
ΧѾ˹룬ʤǰ
⻰˶
Ȼ㲥˵
޳̫ͣͱشԱ³̮أҽͺز㣬Ҫλѵİ
˺ȻǽѾջˣ˵ӦʱѾȫˣбڣ޳ֻǳ飬ǳȥæɡ
ã
Ӧ˲࣬ϾǸովһΣǾ˶Ѿ鿨õˡ
ĸҲ룬˵Ҳȥɡ
յȻᷴԣá
һ˵ȥĻϻĹԱǰŹ
Ȼǵִϵʱ򣬾ŷĹԱȷǰæֱ֮Ӿ͸Ƿ
ϣȻһƬԫϱڡ
ΪջῪּ̳ļ䣬ԱֱӾ͸Ա
Ժ˸ĸ֮󣬷վֱӵ˷䵽
ȻŷֱȻţ˳־͹صˡ
һСʱ
ٴδķָ813־Ըߣھ˹֮A3814ŵ¹㳡иٲת㳡̮и޷ͨͨǰҽԺ㾡3814Ź㳡иǰҽԺյظ
գյ
ģΪ滮·ߡ
˵꣬ԴĻͱһͼ
ղŷ3814Ź㳡Ѿڽˡ
Ϊߵĳǽڴ֮ǰû⵽޳Ĺ˳ؾ͵˸
֪ʱ򣬵ͻȻҵ
ô£
ɫ΢䡣
ûãٴδľ
ִⷢģȺ弶ƿʦԦʦٸ
ֻżޡ
ĹҲһ̼813־Ըߣ뾡ǰĵ³Ƕܣ813־Ըߣ뾡ǰĵ³Ƕܡ
յҵ¥
Ǿִ³ڵʱһɽҡضǰھȻֱ˽ȥ
µĵ滹ڼݣյϣ¥ȥ
㲥Ҳûʮޣôʮޡ
ԵֹͣݵʱķտľԶһȺΪ׵һֻӴķߵĴ£ǵذ㳯ӡ
ֻ޴ݵĵǽ
Ⱥ޵ļл֮£ȱֵǽ˲ͱˡ
ڵĳȺɫޱ䡣
ھʱԮڸϵˡ
ӵִ˲䣬뷢ֱȺ͵ȼ˲ڻ֮С
ţԦʦӿս֮һԾ£Ⱥ
ص˲䣬׷׻ΪһֻֻޣΪ׵ĺȻһֻ׻ֱӺ߲һ顣
Ӧþǵ۹λʵˡ
ʲôʱĳ棬̲סǰһۿ
ǽģɫͱ
ȺǱ߾Ͳ˵ˣһ֮׺ݵʱ򣬿Ǿ߻ΪǰѾսԭѾЩˡ
ھ߻пսæǣƣԽģӿʼռϷ硣
ֻ˰׻ͷߣһֱֲ¡
ܿ죬Ͼ¶һ˿΢ЦӮˡ
ֻѾİΧסֻߣпսǰ˶ڡ
Ȼڰ׻׼ΧȦʱ򣬿սǰ˵ھȻ˲ˡ
ץסʱֱֱҧ˰׻Ĳ֮ϡ
һһߵ׹ȥ
һĻɫһ䡣
ǸĻں档
ڵϵİ׻ûʧȥսͻȻһسХȻµر㽫ϵķ˺Ƭ
ͻȻʼ޲Ĺ޺Ԧʦ
ʱøӻ
ʶ񻯡
ʮԦʦʧȥǣղ
οڳµĻǵ۹Ļʵۡ
ܿ췽վ͹˲Щˡ
ΪҲλʵ۱»һ˿ǣͻȻֹͣ˹
Ȼֱӳˡ
գ


32 
ȿȣ
ռѵ, ŷԼһɽ
ɽϵʯͷûѶϵ֡
Ҳʱ
ǵʱæŰæԱ, ޳, Ȼϵ, ۹λʵ۱ʮķ, , Էֱӳ˹һҧס, Ȼͳʧȥ֪
뵽ͫһʶ, ȴûһ˿˺ۡ
û, Ϊʲôλ۹ʵۡ
ǲʲô, ػعͷû뵽һ˶Ļͷ
ʶ
ҲΪ, ԭѾԹȥİ׻˲䱻ѡ
ɫޱ䡣
Ϊ׻۾ɺɫ, ζڿ״̬
Ȼ, һ룬ڽ䱸ֻ۾˲ͫҪ˹
һ͡
һ, ׻ȴͻȻͣ˶
˺
С
ɱ
, 
˺
һë, ׻ȴӲıֳһӵɫ, ʹࡢãɻ󡭡
ղڴ¥Ҳ
ʲô
Ϊʲô˺
׻š
ʶеľʹʹһûһµץŵ棬ܿϾͱץһ֡
벻ס
ʲôȱΪʲôҪˡ
ȵȡ
ȱ˵ʲô
ʲôţ
ʾ֭š
ŶǽĶ
Ķ󡭡
׻ͻȻͣצµĶӶ˲١
ڤڤ֮УиĶҪҸԸܶ˼궼ҲһòײҵһԲ˺
Ȼ֪Ըʲô˼Ϊʲôм˵׻Ǽס˲˺仰
ǿԼ˶ԷյĽ䱸
ˣֻܿ˹ȥ
ΪԼһٵķգ
ս˲ͻȻӦ
ԡ
ɴû˵ĸڿ״̬Ԧʦܹסɱ¾ġ
ǰİ׻ȴˡ
ҪôΪλʵ۵ȼ̫߶־̫ǿҪôΪã
뵽ɫޱ䣬Ҫǰס
ϾͷӦ˹ˣһڿ״̬һСģ֮Σ
Ѿ϶ǰֻ׻ˣΪĵεġ
ǿɽĲ򿪹ԣҪϵȵʱŷ֣ĹѾˣʲôʱʧˡ
ͻȻ뵽һ飬֮ǰںʮսʱЩսΪʲôͻȻȡ
òıѵ˹Ҫá
ǲҲпõˡ
뵽նʱȵĴ㡣
Ϊʲôȣ
ջعͷŷɽһɽϣɽ಻ɽ֣ʱʱһ޵ԶԶش
Ȼ޵ĵϡ
Ӧô
ǿԼ侲
Ÿһ¡
ʶϵĿռť
Ŀռťڡ
˵ǣ֮ǰΪ׼˲ٰ׿һ
ɽһ黹ƽ̹ĵطó׿Ϳʣ
Ȼ˾͵ͷˣʵ֤Ĳ²ûдʮһ׿Բ弶Ϊһ׿ܹޣһһ׿ܶ޷һ˵ߵȼ鿨ˣҷҲûôʱȥо
Ȼö׿ȥ⣬Ǳˣֻһ˶
Էֻ˶Σתȥо弶
ΪһʮԦʦ¿ֻ߼ϵİá
ʱҲֻһһˡ
弶ΪķֲҪߣԱ弶ױ
ڷһϵʱ䣬һװ
Ȼװ˰׻
׻Ȼٴαѡ
һΣŸո¶һ˿׺ݵĿ⣬ǰĽ
ſ˻ȥû뵽ǣ˾ȻһһĿ
ȻŷնݺݵһҪˡ
ΪԼƲסʱ˵
֪ղû˻ȥֱǰסĲӡ
š
һ˲䣬һŨҵΣ˲ӿͷֱӾͳǣ͵ſ죬ҪҧԴ
Ȼһ룬ʲôĲϣһСɱϢӿʶ
ҪǣϵζúŰ
Ȼҧ˵Ķһͷڷյϣ˻˹๾
׼İ׻ֱ˷ջȻر۾
ְ׻ۺɺɫȥ˲٣˲һ
þͺãһ鿨β˶໭ˡ
Ŀ˰׻Ѫģ˿ϣʱ۵ĲС
λ۹ʵ۵ƽ
ε۹ʵǸ۲۵ңǻ̫ӵʱ ϲһûоܵƽŮӣӭȢΪ۹һλʵǿŽĹң˺ʵ۶Ϊӵгߵʺֵܹӵ޳ȵĻʵ۵λá
ͨƽŮӺӵܵĺӣµĺܹѳܣҲ̫á
ԻҲһλʺǸƽǽвҵͳ 
뵽һð취ǾӭȢһλҳŮӣȵһ츳ڵĺ֮ҸʵĻţȻӭȢ氮ţֱ氮Ҳһ츳ĺӡ
λʵ۾λҳԭʺĺӣҵǣһλʵۺλ氮ĵһӵ츳ʹˡ
ȻʮΪı桱ŵǣڵõλʵ۸ķʹ֮Ҳط 
ŵ֮ȻҵĶһһΰɱȴұһоץߣΪʵƷ
ֱʮŽһ޳ΧǴӵо˳
գӡ
ʹľԸϵŤʵԴײУս޲ʤԱЩѫӵܵϲΪζ׾ٵռĹ͡
ǲ֪ǣΪ⣬׿˻ҡһνĳɺѧԺɵӶƽ
Զʮ֮ʮԦʦΪ۹ʷʮԦʦʱ򣬾ͨΪн룬Ȼһ߼ԦʦռľϽ֮ӵ¡
ڶԷĿ£Цһˡ
쵼½ֻ˲µʱ͹˵۾Ȼ˵ʱĻҺзԼѧԺɣǿǹ
ǰλʵۺ氮ֱӱϵܣڳǽϹ죬޷ʳˡ
ǺĺӣǱķŹˡ
Ϊǿ϶ڵط֧£췴һЩҺѧԺɵ
֮󼸺ÿ꣬ͻЩҺѧԺɾһ
ڱĳƺ
Էնʱˡ
ΪҪôСʹˣǰЩʹȫһ顣
ǰòŴģҲôصˡ
˼ˣ÷˻ȥٴλصļ׵Ĺ̨ǰ
ƿҲ׼ˡ

ŵζ˵ûûˣ˲궯
͵վŤŤȥȻԵĹ֣ԴͽĻ
ռ״˵ˣɵĸһЩô졣
ܿ죬վֻ鰲ƿ
Ȼ弶ƿȫκãϵ˿ȫȬˡ
÷ո˵ǣ鰲ȥеɺѾȥ˴룬м鰲ܳ׻ָˡ
뵽ղһȻõĴԴ
׻ڷջ˲䣬ȻҡβͣӺĶʹ
ʵϣѾ˲١
رˣȻһ
ҲΪˡڴ֮ǰܱ֤Լܲܿסɱ¾ǷȴΣգʼն벻ⲻ氮ʲô
뵽ͻȻͷܵĳ嶯
̲ס˷յ
֪ʱͻȻһߴﹾ
ʶ˶䣬ĿԴҲǷյĶϡ
ӣΪæƿѾûгԹˡ
׻ʱղѣΪȻĽ
Ȼ󲻵ȷշӦͳɽ
ûһĹͻˣﻹһͷļޡ
Ϊߵȼ̺̫ߣڸܲˣŹһͷļޡ
˵Ǻˡ
׻š
û뵽ձġ
ƽնʱһ
Ͼڻأ
ŵϵޣҲ֪ΪʲôͻȻܳȥˣĵһůĴԴһڣлл



ǿտޣȻ۵ĲλȫеǰҶ֮
׻Ѭˡ
ϲô졣
̲ס˼һ̫ˣԷղ᲻óԣĴ
íһɾҶϵĿȫˡ
Ȼ󸽽Ҳˡ
ڰ׻³Ͷιյʱ򣬷ȴЩء
Ϊָ鰲ҽƿ
еɺȻѾʧˣȴһֱûкľ뿪ơ
֪ζʲô
ζٱ̬һʱ䣬˻ޡ
Ȼǰȼ̫˵ԭ
뵽ղЩĻҡ
ǿԼ侲Ȼ˻˯ãպһûεأܲҿ
Σ
׻צצһֻèôΣ
ֶաթĹΡ֮ʲôö
Ȼˣ϶Ľ
׻̵š
ճ˳벻Ҹĸ
ҳ
׻˶䡣
С
գҸĸסڳȥǣҪǿԵĻԺסڳǲܽǵģ˺òã
á
׻ҡҡͷ
УŲ˴򽻵
Ҳĸǰ
ı䲻Ρ
οסʲôãɭֲǵð˾ȥԣƬɭûĶ֣˾˯
ôţ׻צӰѷԼĶƤ˰ǣǶˡ
Ȼۣ׼˯
ɲΪյһء
ѵҪ˻
鷢
뵽ǿѹĵ׵ĻңõĶ䣬˵ãģһκġ
⻰׻Ժص˵ͷ
ȵȡ
˭
׻ۡ
Ϊʲôã
ʲôá
õ˭
֮ÿ϶
뵽׻ͻȻ뵽һʣǾ
׻ըˡ
Ұ㵱С
Ȼҵ
໣໡
ֱӾˣ
׻ʶո˵Ļ
뵽ˣ
һ룬ֻһ׹׻ʧһֻèһһǰһ˷ϡ
èǻè
˴һõļ޵ľװӢ絶һ㣬ӥۣ¶ɢһҺӴ
һһèŭŷգèըëֱС
һ֪໰
յĹעҲ˫ϵıֱĴϡ
Ͼʲôû
Ȼ̲סۡ
ʶʵȵȣľ岻ǰ׻𣿡
ͷϵı
ܸܲ߷գΪð׻ԱèԹʩ˸۷ɣ
Ҫӵİ


33 
ԲҪЩϸڡ
ŭɷա
ȵȡ
ʲô
طӦ
⼸췢֡
޳ͻȻ, Ϊε޳ĹģԶƽʱԸеķֵסǱ۾Ԯ
ʱʾ, Աת֧ԮС
Ӣ쵼, ֻ˶̶̲Сʱʱ, ʹ޳Ĺ
ֻû뵽ǣε޳Ȼһֻʮ޺ֻżޡ
Ϊս塮ʧ顯, ֻʮˣ񻯡
鵽Ϊֹ
ҲȷǵΪֹˡ
Ȼʹذѷո°ˣΪ÷Ľ󡭡
ʲôӦżŶԣ
Ϊ֪Ϊʲô, ˵֣ͻȻúЩɡ
ⲢҪ
ҪǣΪն, ͷܵĳ嶯

ڴ֮ǰûмա
⼸ûٽŸϴ, Ҳû

Ҫ, հٰպ, ԸָΣһ뵽հֱָΡ

Ϻ棬Ȼ޴ˣ
űɫرͷڷСϵĻèҲ˲ȥ, ŽҲûˡ
ʶԼĹעƺЩ̫ԡ
һ, ˷ܺͼ˲ӿͷ, յ, סϵ, ֱϣѹ, 㶼֪⼸жൣ㡭
˸ŵı
ʧȥǵʱ׺ѵʱȫº
ͣ
Ķˣ
ƫƫɲɵǣèԭͶ֮䣬ڷͻȻ⧲Ļèֱ˽˷ջ
ʶ̧צڷյؼϲ˲ȣֲ˲ȡ
ȻĶ
̲סСָͬʱҲˡ
Ҫ֪èľ壬ǵĸ֪ͨġ
û뵽ǣһ룬ճһãҺ㰡



ǱǲмԶֽѵ˵ġ
һ룬վͱèˡ
һҽУһӵ֣
ţֻץۣѪû֣
ץ꣬סˣצӾ˺սڻ£ôֻץһץۡ
֪ĻΪڸء
һ˲ôˣ
Żعֱ˴ǣӸ£ۿŷգ˵۹ʵگ
˵˭
áʲô
˻һƽؾס
ճˡ
ǰ˾Ȼã
һ飬Ҳ˵Ȼϴˡ
ˣ⼸컹û§ǰױ
룬ˣ
뵽նʱͷըˡ
æվԲϴˡ
ƿı
Ȼǣ
ʲôܴ裡
ըˡ
ŻèҲٴζס˷յ·һҪȥ
Ƿȴûٸǻ᣺ǼȻҲѾָˣһظ𣿡
ֻҸط侲һ£Ҳ֪ôٺλʵ۱¹һҡ
οʧô죬˸ĸָĳʲôˡ

ʲô飿
뵽ˡ
ȻֱӴӿռťóһܿսͷҲأ߰ɣ
һ·ԣտ˵ͼŷ֣֮ǰĵطѾڸڳиˣ͸и˽ǧѹֶȥôˣûҹ
ڿսٶȼ죬ڶϣǾ͵˸Χˡ
Ϊ˲ݾߣѾܰȫˣԱֱӾͰѷշȥ
Ӹ£ˣȥɡ
УҪѹµϢй¶ȥ˹µ£Ժһʹ͵ġ
˵꣬ѵһŹˣȻͷҲصˡ
գ
Ҳûж룬ֻΪԼѵ飬鲻á
鱾ϴȡ
οԼڻϣء
ֱӻ˼ҡ
ʱ޳ΧѾȥˣȽļ̶̲ʱ䣬ѾؽǺܶ˼ſڹŰᦣڼǰﱬһҵս
ֻû뵽ûңڵݿ˵л
˵Ŷûûˡ
ⶼˣҿհ˳ˡ
Ҳǻġ
˵ǵͼɶǵҪǴӦżʯȥ˼Ļӡ
ǣЩ嶼Լרŵķרŵ߱˵޳һֻ߼޻û˼ҷͱ˼ҵЩڻɱˣǣûֻ弶𡣡
ϢĶӲҪҪһҪңҾҲҪżʯš
˵ˣⲻս춼ʮ֮ǰ˻ҰֶŮܸء
Ȼأ
ҵʱ;ղףԾ͸ˡ
ҺܾˣҪȻ޸ôһңֶŮܺһӡ
⻰üͷһ塣
ע⵽ԱͻȻվһˣЩʶתͷȥȻһ
ˡա
㡢û
ؿһ̧ۣŽ˵ݡ
Щ˵л˶ʱڨЦ뵽ʲôֱӱɫ
֮󣬿ջ˸ĸȻֱ˹ȥ
һߣҲϵĸ
ûʵĻһȺټѣ£ƽ̫ˡ
ֱѾˣ֮ʧȥƣΪ¼ҵڽӵϵͳֽš
¼֮һͬʱѧԺҲ
ˣбⳡ޳ƺҲǵֱʡ
۹ʵȨƹܾӣҰѳҵѧԺᡣ
ȻȺνĳɺѧԺڿһ겻ȲҪȨˡ
ˣʧٵĵڶ죬ͨڻ֧ѡλ̳˵᰸ˡ
Ŷ֧Ҳˡ
ϣһֳ°ͣһŻĻèı̲סЦһ
Ƕϣȥ
һھٵŭ˵£Ƿھͷƽѣ

ĵǼQ죬֪ʲôּ
⻰һھٶʱЦˣǡ
ȺΪʲôֻڱˣıƣΪ֪ǹ췴ǽĶ֡
˵£ɫ˱䣬ֱ壺УҲһˡ
̴ӹٵվ˳ȥ
ֱùԷһƬ
Ƭʲôʱ͵ĵĲҪ
˵ҪϸϢ
˶٣ҧгݵһõļһ(С)ģҲһ飡
ǣ
ʣʾǱί


34 
û̫ˡ
ѹĸֱӱŷʹ
֪⼸ôġ
ֻ֪Ҫ, վͲȥ־Ըߣ֮ҲͲײ޳ȻҲͲͻȻʧ, ֻʣһԺһ̲Ѫ, ֪
Ƕ˵϶Ǳ޳ˣҲšƽˡ
û, ûˡ
հο
ںһ˸ĸ侲
ĸ˲ͨ۾ˣ⼸ȥĶˣ
룬ʵ˵ʱܸǡ
ѧǰģ, üǷ, ӽ쿪ʼûٸЦǼˡ
һײЩڱ˵Ǽҵлϣ֪ʱ˸ĸ˶
ô˵, ˸ĸһٺϸ񲻹ĸĸ, ޹ġ
÷뵽Լĸĸ, Եϣ˸ĸܹҪҸ
뵽ʲôվˣҸղ˵Ϊ, ѾüûгԷˣھȥ緹
˵ֱ꣬ӽ˳
˸ĸǵȻ֪תƻ⡣
ȻղԸ, ҲͲٶʾˡ
Ϊܹƽ, ˵Ѿϲˡ
ڷ˵Ժû˸ЦǼ˵Ļ, Ǹûзϡ
ֻһ, û뵽վȻ
ķ˿Ҳ
ࡢڱӡ⡭
Ȼ˵˸ĸѾüûԷˣӦø嵭Ӧһ¡
õǾһˣϾ̲
һ¶ǣ˸ĸͳˡ
ĸԭΪõ֮ǰ͸ʣµǿļ⣬ϾͷӦ˹ΪǿļĿռťء
뵽ʲôȻѵһˣ
Ĺ涨޳ڼ䣬ڻɱ֮󣬶ܻøһ⣬һչУֺؽ
ҪǷͻȻôһͣѷ֮ǰڵ¹㳡ɱһͷ弶޵ˡ
Ϊ֮ǰæҷȥˡ
һ٣ǡ
λʵ۱⼸ʣµı߽ϡ
ûаһǣ
ղЩȡ
ΪЧӦûôͲŶԣϾôһжѾؽˡ
˸ֻ˵û£ȳԷɣһ绰ȥʾ֪ˡ
Ϊ϶ǵ⡣
ҲЩˡ
ΪرӴޣջɱһͷпô׿ܳԵĲλһôҲǧˣ弶ļ۸ļֹٸС˷һ֣Ҳ൱Ǽһǧ󽱡
һ緹ȲظרһĲŴȥ˵绰
Ȼɫͱˣ˵ʲôһǰѾˡ
ʶؿ˹ȥȻͿ˸Ҷ˵绰Ȼ˳ȥ
պĸ״æȥ
ֻ˸ֱӳ˾ίᣬɲɵǣһ顣
ǵû£ԭʧˣһʱĿ϶Ҳ˲һ⣬ǲŻһˣŵʱ㣬˰յɥ°ֵ㣬飬Ҳ϶ùǣû뵽ھȻŻˡ
ʲô飬Զ
Ϊˣڿ˸˴ʱֱӾˡ
ۿǣЩɲ֮ǰڵݼײģȺڱ˵Ǽлˡ
˸ֱЦˣҾ˵ôǼյһڶûзأǱȺĹεļһ˽ˡ
ؼȺ˻֪ܵȥ
ЩŷӦû뵽˸ǾȻô顣
һʱ֮䣬顢ΡޡָӿǵͷȻڱ˸˸Ѫͷ֮ϤΪ˷ŭ
ǵµʲô˽ˣͷһģҪǰ鿨ͷޣһӾͰͷޱ͸úƽ֡
Ǿֽõǰͷޡ
ҪȻǲͰװ˷ô鿨𣬵ȻҲΪǷֵǮ鿨Ǯĺüˡ
˸ҪģûôҪģ⻰˵Ͳ𣿡
ϣڷջɱͷ֮ǰʱ㳡ϵ˶ͼ֮ǰŻеǰͷ֮ⷢ󣬸С˼ҷһ˵ʵǣǵǵ㹥Ҳ͸ͷһƤˡ
ȴЩ˲飬˸ҪŭΪʲôҪ飿
ֱָŷŭ˵ϵʱױΪʲôڵһʱóҪȵԼҲӲʱãҪȻҽܵܡͲҲͲôˡ
ĵԲסǼңȲ˵ʮھӣ˵ոعʱſǣǵѵȲһױҪ
ȻǵʱҪĿǿ֣Ļ˵ˣԼҲΪġ
˸ˣ
ôҲû뵽Ⱥʮھôĵ龹Ȼԭ
㡢ǡ
ҲЦˣֱסҪ۵˸ûҪЩ˷ѿֱ࣬ӱɡ
ˣȺ˾ǵһҺ۸
Ҳ˵ϻ˸ĸתߡ
֪Ⱥһ㶼𣺡㾡ȥ˭˭
ʵϣͷ޹ʱ򣬵¹㳡ļϵͳֱӾͱƻˣԸû֤֤ͷǷջɱģοҲĵȷȷⳡսû
Ψһû뵽ǣվȻŻˡ
ǵΪǱˣҿ˸ĸļƣ˵Ҳ˶áҪȻҲô
뵽ǲΪԼйа˼ھΣһ뵽ǱӣȫΪһҡ
ǿŷһҵıӰȻĵһᡣ
Ȼǲ֪ڸģִҾͳȫǣΪЦ˭
ֱӰϴϡ
Ȼϴǿеİ汾
ʱһ£ٴѡ

һޣһȴ̣Ķô
Ҿ֪϶ҲģɣյǶԸĸʵĿ
ʯˣĻ¼϶Ϊ˰Լĺȥġ
֪ܳʧ˵ʱһرˣУ԰跸ⱨӦˣȻŻˣƣ
ȫұ
մѳɹ

ｻ˼ʯЦ
ڵ֪һҾȻʱЩʧû뵽תۼְԼ˺ĳˮ
Ҳǹġ
˼ʯͻȻЩȻζ
ϾϾǵ۹һλʺˣһҴⱲӶˡ
ֺαٰע˷ڷһء
뵽ֱ˹ԣ̧ͷȥ
˼ʮ١
෽Ѿ˳Ϊ۹һλʵ۵ϣ
ԲŻнĳ档
뵽̧Զǹһ޺˼ȥ
˼ʯ˼˽ܵСӣξƷʣѾļƿʦˡ
⻰˹Ȼ׷׿佱˼ʯʲôǰ;ʲô˼ʯ֪ԭ˵ĳôࡣ
۵ײһĨ
Ϊһ˼Ҳô佱յġ
Ϳ͸˼ˡ
һȺΨͼѪС˰ˡ
ǻܸһЩķϣǲһѡ
ʱ޵ĹͻȻ
ǿʲôϲ飬˲Ϻ˼˵һֱŹԳ˳ȥ
˼ʯ״Ҳ̧Ÿȥ
ãܷģҳŵһ
ٴθлԸ֧ң
԰Ҷϵ绰ս˫ȭϵ˷ܺͼڲס
˼ʯ̲סס֪𣬾ڸղţղķʿ鳤ŵңıϣƱͶҡ
ζţѾ׵һߣѾǰ϶һλʵˡ
ʵϣλʵͳʮˣǵ۹λʵ۵ĶӣӺλһѾûˣλʵͻȻıԭҲֻһͨ˲Ļϵˡ
ԭҲûҪμӻλ̳˵ѡΣΪıǳΪһҵľˡ
ֱ֪ϵΪֺңǵѡƱԳΪһλʵۣҸλʵ⣬񻯵ĵ鱨棬˻Һƽĳŵ֮¶Ĳμⳡλ̳˵ѡΡ
Ϊλʵ۵ʵ˿ȻϣһλʵܹΪλʵ۱
Ϊ˻֧֣Ҳ˲ٳŵ
֪ЩֻȨ֮ߡ
Ȼѡ֧ҪԭڸⳡֺؽֳɫкѡߵģûаʷԻ˴ڵĺøС
ڼɺȻṫȻڵľ
⣬˼ڱΪＯʺơ
̲ס˼ʯʯлл㡣
Ҫ˼ʯ˵˼˼Ҳȫ
˼ʯֻ˵ҿѣҲ㻹ܰ˭
Ȼϱ˵˼ң޵ϵĻλ
ûϵΪⱲӣ޷ʤʵֻ
뵽˼ʯ̲סЦ


35 
֪ЩһﾹȻ鷢֮, ˸ĸֱӺۿǡǰ
ʮھӰû뵽ǾȻˡ
˵ԭǼ˲֮ǰǳ޳ԻЩԥҪҪ, ˽´ɺͽĻô, Ѿûʲôԥˡ
û£ҵĹ޺ˡ
, ʱÿֱء
ȻҲǺġ
Һɲɵ, ڵֱΪṩԶ¼ܣ¼Ƶȫں̨, ʱƵ̬
ֻΪյĹȻһ, ΪЩأȥάȥ, ûܵһʱǶƵų, ҪȻǸûŵĻᡣ
һߣûʵĹյϸҲ͵˱ǰ
˸ƣ
̴ӹٵչǷļ, Уʮꡭ
üͷһ, ʶ˵ʮ, С˽һ֡
Ҳ, Ͼߵһʮϣһٶʮ֮Ż˥ϡ
뵽, üͷ˲ɿˡ
̴ӹٶ˶١
Ϊʵ۱ͻȻˣΪ˵, Ͼʱʵ۱µ㲻Ϻá
ǿʵ۱ڵ, ʲôطԾ
һƿʦ, ƷеʣԭǸƿʦ˼ҵĵϵСү
ʱͣruaèĶֱ壺ŻƷеȡ
ĻӲת˻С
Ʒϵʣûˡ
һյƽһüͷʱ
̴ӹ٣
£⻰ҲҶЩѡȴѡĵƷ˵
ڻʵ۱ߵ˶ʮĸٺ̴ӹ٣ǵһηֻʵ۱µıȻôḻ
ʲôطԾ
Ȼж̰Ľ١۸ֵ͡Ѭġ塭

ȷһ֪ʲôö
Աܲˣѵһŵ㶼û𣿡
̴ӹ٣
֪ĻΪڻǹˮ
ԣôǶԴе̬ȣ
ȻʲôطԾ
ʾ֭־Զ㲻㡣
ϾһƷеʵһƿʦȻѹһƷµȵţ˵Ǻ־ˡ

ⲻ۸ֵ͡ûб˸˵
ˡ
ѹĵ׵Ĳˡ
Ȼ̴ӹ˵Ǹãʱûв鵽ˣԼ˵ǰˡ
̲סüͷ
ǸǲϹȻô
߷
ȻʶԼЩԾڲ׷ĶԾʱ
ôգ
ʵ벻ʲôð취̴ֻӹ٣¡˵һѣŪˣ˵Ӧôȥ
̴ӹ٣
ǲˣûѣ
Ե˭Ū˻ʵ۱²Զ
ȵȣǸŪ˻ʵ۱£
̴ӹٵ񣺡ȥ
ϾǰǶôġ
Ȼͬһʱ䣬ĻҲ뵽ˣҪʷ򣡡
ռȻζѹ˼Һ˼ʯһͷôһţտ϶ܾ
ȵɨ˼Һ˼ʯһֵذȻ˦ա
û
ռȻŪŪĸ飬򶼶Բţ˵ɺϡ
ҲǸ֪۾жϹ
뵽Ļèβ͸ſֵҡ
ȻôܲԣϾջȹڤڤ֮У־úûʲôԵġ
̴ӹ٣
ɲأ
ģ
򵥵㣬ķʽ򵥵㡭
̴ӹ볪
ŷǣֱ˸

ȵȣΪʲôǻʷ򣬲ǻʺ
̴ӹٴʧɫ
û뵽Ļʵ۱¡
Ա£Ҫ
̴ӹҲ֪ĶԾˡ
⡢ôǶԴе̬ȣ
֪ĻΪǼһʵ۱ǱʼԺڻء
̴ӹ٣
뵽ղŻʵ۱µı仯
̴ӹͻȻԼˡ
ʶؿϡ
յʲôûзֵĳȻǼӢıºһɵԣ
ħõӦʲôַԸˣǳھȥƽˡ
ȰһȰ̴ӹ٣
ˣѾûˡ
Ȼȷպ̴ӹٳ֣ϵķѾˡ
Ϊ˰ѷֱǶƵϡ
˻һСUP˵Ǹ
Ȼһʼ¼յֱǻŵȵʧ֮󣬰ֱƵɹƵն˼Ҳ֪ǰʱұˣ˵Ӫ裬齱˿ݳƷȫǼٻǰ˵ȫˮԷ˿ֱʧһ룬Ҳ뵽һյȶȣϾԭҲþȶȲײ䡣
ôҲû뵽ҾǽʵҼ죬ûܵһʱƵվͱ˵˶˳ˡ
#Ƶ#
ƵȥûжãСΧشˣһƵݣֱӾִˡ

ڸƵαĻüҪȻھܰԼ
ǰһ뻹գһ͸Ǳԩģ

ǧȫΪһ֣ݡ
ʲôҲǱȺƭ˵ĻͲ˵ˣ˾ǴˣոƻǧǱңյǸǲһͷ
֤#
ȺǣǲӦøһͣ
ŷ׷׷Ӧ
⣬Ǹ˵ͷǺһģ
յʱϸûʲôױҲΪӲ˲űóνױ˼ұѾӳȥˣΪ˾ǣۻˡ
Ҳܱ֤ԼƵһ鿨á
˼ھǣ֪𣿡
յʱҪֱڿ¾ƺӶϴˡ
Ȼղʲôöǵоġ
ǻңˣһǾǮҰǮҪȻǾּ
ҡ
Ⱥ˶ʱˣǵҲǹģҲΪյʱõĿױȴûеһʱóҪȵԼҲӲʱãôˣԲôߡ

ʲôԻԣ
ôˣǸ¹㳡£ʮ֪ͬܵ޵ϮǼڵǸ㳡˶𣿡
֮һ
оҰ裬֪ҶϣǸ¹㳡Ҳһ𣿡
Ϊʲô룬ҪջɱͷޣҲˡ
˵ˣﵱʱõױǵˣΪʲôҪգֲǵҪǵ𡣡
ԣҪǵĵһҵзһʱԽȥȰȺֱ䵽ǽȥ
ǻ֮ǰĲɷ˵ʲôǵѵȲһױҪлױһһ𲽣ǻͲ䡣


36 
ϵķ򳹵׵˷, ֮ǰжݣȺľжݡ
Ժܿ죬Ǿûˡ
ȴȻڷ͡
ôһĻ, ʵҲðɡ
ǰ֮ǰȷЩһѾڣΣͷͦ, ȻȵһȺǡ
Һһ㲥, ĸ߳¹㳡ȥæȥ𣿡
ڲ, ־Ըߵʱʧٵġ
˵ʧٵʱ, һ˺þ𡣡
Ҳ
ȫұXð, Ժ󶼲ٴ仰ˡ
룬˼ʯ˵˲׷ն, ҲûҪپ鲻ˡ
˵˼ʯ, ͻȻһ顣
˵֪޳Ҫʱ, ˼ʯΪʲôһҽӵ˼ȥ, Լʮĸ¶޳֮, ˼ҿ϶ҲԼķͱɡ

϶, ˣ޳, һֻ߼޻û˼ҵķͱ˼ҵЩڻɱˡ
Ҳ׷׷Ӧ
Ŷ˼Ҳϲպ, ϾǰУ԰˼ʯ, ǲô˵, յĸĸûп˼ʯ, emmmm
Ѷǲŵģ
˵˼ʯҲһҽӵ˼ңһҲͬأϾһҶѸѻ˼ˣƲϵˡ
Ҳǡ
Ѷˣֱ˵
ǻŰ
ʵ˵ǼҺ˼һֱԸҾ˼ʯ̨ģҲ޵ķʸΪصزˣ޳⵽ʧ٣˼ʯһ绰ûյĸĸ
ΪæŰλأĸѣȵϻλҪء
ˣѾλʵ۵ѡޡ

ݣ
ٲ԰
ֻʧ˶ѣǾôȲ𣿡
û뵽˼ʯҲˡ
ͻȻ˼ʯתڡ
1
ʵϣȻλʵ۸ľͻһϴײڶȴ쳣Ƴ磬Ͼִʮ꣬ײڵĵλһֱȹҲԽԽãֻ˵֮ǰǧ꣬ߵĵλһֱ֮ͨϣ۹ֻһ̷ڷͥϰʱɱͨ˵̷ֻͨɱߵ֮һ
ҵ۹ͨ˸ǻɱֻټޣ
Щձ׾پܴɵġ
ڷɵĿ£ÿ۹ᷢʮ˺ͨ˵İ
ЩȻ޳бͨˣصʱ򣬵еƽһȳ޳еƽ֮һ
һֱλʵۼλ֮ʮ꿪չϴһɱ˶ʮߣź˺ܶࡣ
˵λʵǿҺѧԺɹȻѧԺɵ棬ƽֱ߳ӵߣһȡǶʮնɱߣΪ˵޳мͨҲ˿˹δ
Կ֪֪λʵ۵ѶûȷЩԹѾȲؿʼȨƵʱжŭ
˻ڼ
ҲЩ֪ʵ˲Ż˼ҹӡ
⻰вð˳
˵ˣ˼Ҹնʮ꣬Ȼֻǧ֪֪˼λƷеʵĴүһͻǧ򡣡
Ϊͨ˺߱ǸѵĴڡ
һױ˵ĲǱһһױȴҪһٶһš
ͨнӵһСңһ̨ʮѾĽĴˣǧǱңǷܶһӶܴﲻĴڡ
ЩҹһļֻǼҳ㷹һµ㻨ǮǼʮ
ҪȻô˵ûбȽϲû˺ء
۸˼ʯû֪֪˼ҵʱһʺһϵ׽ŪҼǵصһøϲŮߵñȽϽȻøȥĲ磬˾ʹøֱӰҽԺѵһ٣ȥøǸתУ
ˣתȥǸѧУ˼ʯڵƽѧУΪøûǰҫ飬鵱ʱѧУǴ˵ģҸʾ֪û˵ٻ
УҵһҲǻƷµʣŶʮѾԦʦˣ֪ΪʲôΪҹøǧ֧ǱҩˣҹøֻһСҵϵѡ
һѶʱ׹ˣ
뿪˼ҵʱѾʮˣȴûͻһƿʦһСҵϵøӻǧǱҩټһ˼ȴǮ᲻ûҪ֪ʱյݻûعء
ˣ˼ʯûжξ֮ǰҲǻƷµʣ൱Ҫջݣ˼Щľˡ
վһߵĽǶȣҪ˼Ҹյ˼ΪӵӰ죬˵ҲΪУ԰ʩߣٱոĸ˼ʯûбˡ
;úϢ
˼ʯĶô˵ĸϣԭˡ
˵ˣװ˵˾Ѿˡ
ͻȻеͬաps.ͬ鲻ۣϾô˵мͥڣǸʩ鶼ϴ׵ġ
ֻ˵˼ʯ˼Ķӣɣ˼ǶûõĶ磬˼ʯûõĸҪҲա
ˣһ¡
۾һ˼ʯѾӲˡ
Ϊû뵽һҾȻôΪϴˣû뵽ǣҲ˱һƬǽ塣
ҪǣĽƱػӰ쵽ޣϾǱˡ
뵽æתͷԵޡ
û뵽ԷҲһɵĿ˹
˼ʯͷһǿ򶨵ޣҡ
ǿԼ侲ֱӱס˼ʯû£ҵЩڱﵷ㲻ˡ
ΪѡҪĹͷϣܺ˼ʯ϶˼ʯҲĵȷȷࡣ
⻰˼ʯĵһɣϵ£˫ȭ
û뵽յȻôãʧôȻܻŻ
֪ӣӦֱӽ
ûϵվϴôǷҪ練ơ
һΣһҪܡ
뵽вһĨЦ
ȻеЦͽסˡ
Ϊϵķֱˡ
ȵȣǵĹעǲЩԾصЩصһ׿ģ弶ױ׿൱ױ𣿡
ˣ
æְǶƵһ顣

ٵİɣ
һǼٵġ
ⲻѧȻһȷǵû鿨ºѧһ𣿡
ʵϣȷûҪȻΪΪʲôڲŰƵųΪʱҲˣֱ˼ƿʦһ鿨˳һʱʵ顣
#һʵƵ#
#ʵƵ#

ֱ¼ķߣվ˵ˡ
æ㿪ЩƵһ
ЩʵƵ鿨̣˺ʹ顣
Ƶ͵弶ޱһһ鿨ֱը˰Դٿһһһ鿨ֱΪƽأ˶ˡ
ҷ·Ѿʶһ鿨⼸ˡ
֪ҵĵһ뷨ʲô𣿡
շˣ
ЩҺѧԺΪʲôѡ˳λʵۣѡ񹫿һΪλʵ۵ĵǵĲϣΪλʵ۳ŵԦʦǵķģÿ궼ҪԼİٷ֮һǡ
ƿʦʹǵķ鿨ģ밴мۺͼǽһרѣҲ˵һɰٷ֮һʮɰٷ֮ʮûơ
ҪȻЩҺѧԺ͹ǽˡ
ȻҲһֱ
۹ķɺ걸Ҫ걨һ鿨ʱѾ鿨רˡ
һױмҪһ򣬰ٷ֮רѾ
ɲɵǣױ˼ҵר
˵ǹױһרÿӯڡ


37 
Ǳ, ױһֻӯڵǰǵ۹ϵƿʦֻвһʮˣױֻǻ鿨еһ֣׼ȷ˵ͨ, ֻƿʦŻȥױ
ǵ۹ȴǧµƿʦ, ǻױһֵ
鿨, ˭˶, ǮַȥЩ͵ȼ鿨
Ͼһһ׿ֻҪʮǱңһһֻҪСʱ, ʧʲٷ֮ʮ, з鿨Ҫʮһ׿ɱҲǱңһʧˣ׿Ҳᱨ, °һŻһˡ
һ׿ȴҪǧǱңһױҪʱ䣬ױƽʧʸߴٷ֮ʮ
˵һŻõһļ۸ձʮǱңһױļ۸ȴһǱҡ
Եʱµƿʦ϶ȫȥо鿨
οѾƿ, ѱܰ鿨ȫƳ
Ҫ˰
˵ҵʱ뷨ʱ򣬻ڳЦƨ𣡡
, ֮ǰЦ˵ô, ֧Ǳҩһ, ϶ҪǱҩ, Ǽҿ϶òôǮˡ
˼Ҳ, ҾǺһ֧ʮ֧С
, յȻ, һʱһ׿Ƴױǲµʱܲ׿Ƴżʮ鿨
ܳǵʵ˵еͬյĻֻ۵رסԼ
ʵ֤˵ûǸţ
˼ʯȣЬ䡣
Ҿ֪Ϊʵͣһ鶼Ըʩع֮󣬾Ȳϳŵ˼ң֪֮ʲô飿
˵ױռ˼֮һ˼ڹӶˡ
ǹİɣһǹİɣ
⻹Ҫĺһƿʦܻ鿨ˣԺʲô޳µޣֱһ鿨ˣϵģһ鿨ҲǾʮףһףȭܴʦء
ûҵʱ鿨ļ۸϶ήǳǲԵĸĸ׶Ůֶһ㱣ϡ
ԽԽ
Ҳٵڵ³ţȴͻȻһֻʱֻܼź
õЩ߶ʩʱǺ޻֮

ͬʱ˸ĸȻˡ
һΪȺ͵͵ǰͷǮˣˣǻǼľʧѡ
ΪվȻһôľϲ
ĸһŻع񣬶ϲúúãҾ֪ҵĶһȱ˲
˸ǼѣһԺ˭ٿҶӡ
ҲЦ˳ǲ
ʵϣ治֪ױ˼ҵרֻ˵˼ҵ̫á
ҲʱĹ
һ۹֮תͷ˸ĸ˵ıѾˣǿ԰ˡ
ѾõģȻֻȺǮ˸׸
֮ҪߣһΪ飬ҲסȥˣΪڵоЩҵ棬ѱǲѾʺסˡ
Ȼ˳֮ǰλʵ۱ҰʱƳİҽƿҲ˳ȥ
ϾȻˣȻ磬ӦóеһΣҲϣܱøãٲÿٶһε³ǣҪǣָų״ԼԼһ㹦ء
յĻ˸ĸ˵á
ϾѾȫװռťȥˣֱֿտյľͳš
ô¥´ĴһǼҵĳ档
ԭǰǰ˸¥´ֶŮܸգ¥´Ǹȥˣһ˾֪ڷշˣһҾ;Ǽû˸ԽԽֱӴˡ
շųȥ鰲ҽƿȻٴǷͨһƿʦȷԸЩ鿨֮Ϊҽƿβˣ԰ҵԦʦһֶױҪˡ
Ͼ޷ÿжΪҽƿͰȱмɥ
һʱ֮䣬ֱӴ˵۹ÿһ䡣
ֱ¼ųUPܸˣΪ飬ֱӱһǧ˿
ҪӪƭǮĺڵҲϴˡ
Ūͷ弶ޣֵܼڵʵ飬ȻǸʯˡ
ȻΪΪiiˡ

ҲܸˣΪ飬ڵĿȫеպ鿨ϣԾЩôϴҲûٹ˼Һ˼ʯϵЩ۵ˡ
һ˿ͬʱҲһ
ȻҲв˵ģ˼ʯ
ҪΪ޾ԱߣܰѷװƷȫˤ⡣
Ƕյһۣ˼ʯҧݡ
ôҲû뵽鶼ˣվȻܷ
ôôãûöʮү͸һĽָ
˼ʯôܸġ
˵ʲôҲˣ
Ȼһʼ͸úԥؽա
ûϵ
˼ʯһϵĹԣڱQٸôʮСʱҪٿˣʱ޾ǵ۹ʵۣҲϾǵ۹ʺˡ
ʱӵ£ոʲĴڡ
οմ˾ڶҺѧԺս֣վѾԼԼˡ
뵽˼ʯʱ˲١
תͷޣˣȻʱѾȶˣȻȥϢɣҲӭĳɹ
⻰Ȼ緢ٴαס˼ʯá
ǵڶ졣
ٿ
ǵעҲȴ鿨תƵⳡδλĻϡ
Ϊ̻ȫֱ
޾ӣսȺ壬ղķʿ鳤ҲͬŵͶ޵Ʊ֮˼ʯ֪Ѷˡ
뵽˼ʯڳ˼˶Цˡ
˴Ǹ˵§ס˼ʯļ򣺡ʯ˵޾ѡɹ֮ĵһʲô
Ȼ󲻵˼ʯڣԴҲǹ飿
Ȼǰ˼ʯΪУϾ˼ʯ̫ˣ׾ٵؾ˼λãΪûٸ˼ʯʹӡ
˭˼ʯߵһ𣬶Ͼһλʵء
ʱֺ˼ʯԺֺɾˡ
˼ʯԭҲǳ˴磬ǿôʶȤķϣҲûаο֡
һ˴ĻЦ
Ϊģ
ȻҲʱֱͻȻһƬ롣
ô£
˼һ
˴統˿ԼĹԣû
˼ʯӦԺǱߵ豸⣬ֱϾͻָġ
ڳ˼ˣҲ׷׵ͷ˻ȥ
ӹȥˣʮӹȥˡֱûлָ
ô£
˵豸ҲҪôʱ䰡
˼˶ʱЩסˡ
˼ʯɫҲˣο˼ҲΪ˰οԼģµģϾԭѾʤȯ˲𣿡
ֻϧδ䣬˴˵ˡ
˼ʯתͷȥֻ˴һ԰ףԵĹϣʾĺȻǵ۹λʵ۸ոշǲ
һѾƽ
öһǵ۹λʵ۾ȫѡһλʵĻʷگ飬ҪǺ滹@ա
䣡
˼ʯ
ǸʱӦѾΪʲôţ
ûе׵ǲȴǸʷگ顭
ܣܣ
Ȼһ룬һȫװʿŶ롣


38 
Ҳըˡ
Աû, ˡ
Ҿ֪²µġ
ȵȣѾƽȻ֮ǰ²⣿
֮ǰôţµѶûȷ, ǾȲѡλ̳, ںˣ˰ɡ
ȵ, ص, صǱҪлʷ𣿡
ʷ򣿣ǲǴˣӦǻʺŶ԰ɣ
뵽, һѿʼ@ǵĻʵ۱, Ȼһֱȵλղķʿ鳤ûеȵظ
ǵĻʵ۱µʲô˼Զ
ϹáͺͺȻ
£ĿӢ, ֪𣡣
һʱ֮䣬ȫһƬǺ
ȵȣΪʲôһ@ա
һʲôѡگ飬һݱŰɣ
, տگʱһΪлϹ˫˫, ŷ, ϹǼٵ, ҲǼٵ, ٺ, þͽð, һҪһ, ͷֱͱҰ˵ˡ
ڸջü𡭡ȵȣգĸգ

˸ĸҲһɵؿ˷ա
ȺǵͻȻתʲôӿٵذƳ鿨ʲôЩȲϻʵ۱ͻȻǶӱ𺳡
뵽˸Щ
ǿͳ۹ϰ˵ġ߸ϵġֻڵ￴Ļʵ۱°ǰ˸û뵽Լгһܹͻʵ۱³Ϲϵ
ڣʵ۱ȴͻȻӹˣ
ôܣ
˸ͻȻ侲
ΪǼҸ䲻ӢĻʵ۱¡
ʵ
ȵȡ
׼ȷ˵ӦǰǼң˸ˣڿǴ鿨š
ʵϣǵصĴյЩɷú£ټ鷢֮󣬷վȲشǰ˵۾ڽӪԱ˶ӣ˼һӱڣһʮԦʦ˼Ԧʦ˸һͨˣЩҲ֪մ鿨жˡ
Ҳ뵽һԭ򣺡ѵ£㣿
գ
һԵҲ˵пܡ
λ˷յ룬ԶӸǸһҵʮԦʦ
֮ѡܷյ룬Ϊ˵ΪĵܵܺһʮԦʦھıԵѾԹʮˣǺױ׽弶ޡȴֻһʮܻ֢״ȴʼ޷ȫڰߵȼʮζһΪ˻ޡ
Ƿյĳǿϣ弶ױױôʮǷҲʮһʱܵܲо
Ϊһ㣬ŻȲظ˹
ˣοǻˡ
Իʵ۱Ҫ£Ǻ顣
ֻ˵ɶ˶٣Իʵ۱µϣƺûбҪز
̫Ѩ
ѡԭֻΪ˸ȥѰãû뵽
ڵʲôط
У֮ǰΪһ飬ûʱȥϸ룬侲̲סȥ룬ôλʵ۱´ϳã
ֱ塣
֪Ϊʲô뵽ʱֵֹĸо
̲סȥ룬Ϊʲôλʵ۱´Ϊã
Ϊλʵ۱Ѿ˿񻯣ȴû˺Ľӽѹ֮ر׽
ΪʲôԼϴˣ
Ϊλʵ۱˵֪ˡ
ͻȻ뵽һ⡣
λʵ۱µǲ֪ǲǵã
Ժп̫Ȼˣϱӵļ䣬þҲϱӵļ䡣
ܽΪʲôôˣûû
˵ûλʵ۱ӵĺȨգҪ£ķȥˣαԼĻ롣
òûˡ
뵽ռվ
ǿԼ侲ϾЩֻԸûʵ֤֤λʵ۱¾á
Ҳʱ˸˵ҿǺͻʵ۱°˵ȽϺá
ΪǱȽڷպͻʵ۱½һԼϲ˹һ
ڵ˼ȫλʵ۱¿šҪҸ֤һµϣڸû˸ĻֻܺӦһ䣺ã֪ˡ
ǵϣ¾յ˷շ˽š
ʱֱ塣
Ϊʲôô˸˽ţȴܵһʱ䷢ַշģʾرʾ
˽һ
վȻͣ
ȻϹˣ
Ļè˲ɴ۾
ԭ뷨ǣտ϶ζѹ˼ʯһͷһ׳֦տ϶˳Ÿȵհ֮һŰˡ
ֻû뵽˼ʯ˼ҾȻôûãֱӾͱз鿨ѹˡ
ļƻҲȻʧˡ
һµ鷳Ǿ鿨ķֱ𺦵ҺѧԺɵ棬ǿ϶׵طŹ
û뵽ǣؾԤϵһ㣬һϵе׼
ζϵĿԴ󽵵ˡ
û뵽ǣϹˡ
ʲô˼件ϲ
뵽һѹﻢèػζβͣתͷ³طԸȥһõԼԷĵط
̴ӹ٣
˵Լĵطİɣǰɣǰɣ
룺ˣҪ̫ߵġ
ҪճԲߡ
ҲҪ峡ʲôġ
ղϰߡ
ȻְȰȰȰһҪ
ؼһ˵ĻèҲһֱС
̴ӹٲ㶣֪Լ֮ǰΪʲôΥˡ
Ϊʵ۱¶ʮ꣬ɱϡ಻ӣȴûмô˵ӡ
תһ룬ôһˣñÿ춼ĵģԷٲʵҲ̵ܹġ
ԡ
ˣտǸոƳһ鿨ǰ;
ԣĳ̶ֳ˵Ҳ䡣
뵽Ҳ̲סЦǡ
̴ӹһߣĴǶʱ̲ס
룬ôˣյʱ϶鲻Խذɣ
뵽ֱӴ򿪹ԣֽһ֧ʦŶӡ
ԵϣտľһװɫȻƯꡣ


39 
̴ӹٶĵطǵ۾һܻ
һǶڴµĺʯ, Ϊǰʱ֣ϼͬȼյĻ, ׳, ޶, Եüܰ
һ, ʵ۱µ۾ˡ
֪Ȼвǰ»֮󣬻ʵ۱µ̲ס
Ц˵ǲ»ҪΪ, һǴۣݽǵƺʱ, ӦۿۣߵĿԸ5.2ۡ
һֶŻ, ¶ӳӣͲƷͬġһ
Ҫμ𣿡
ʵ۱ϲ, ա
, ҪҪμӵڶֻ
һֻ, Ͼڻȷλʵ۱ǲá
ʵ۱£
ͺʧ
ȵȡ
Ϊʲôʧֻںշ곡Ϸѡ
ҶԷ϶Ҳں곡Ϸ, ҪȻΪʲôѡһ֡
뵽, ʵ۱ˡ
ȻΣ, ںĵ˵ͷ
⻰ߵӿڴͳһʱͿʼɡ
λŶԷ۾
ʵ۱ʶ̧ͷգȻҲϷĿ⡣
һʼֵúܵ, ϾֻǶӶѣ, Ӧټ򵥲
ֻ״̬ά˽, ŷ, Ŀ̲סʼġǷȻҲſʼ٣¶Ҳ˲ʮȲֹ
ĿƵĿŶĻʵ۱¡
ֱԷպͶۿɼٶȺ̲ס˴ǣ۵ҲɵһĨŨҵ顣
ٶȣ򶨵Сģ֪Լ¶ˡ
һߣʵ۱±ЩһЦʱ͸ˡ
ʶס˺ֻ˶ƮƮģݽ
֮УԺֻʣһͷǾҺûѡһֻҪȻΪ޷ݱ
ʲôʱ֪
һֱ˶ŷӦ
ǷյģâꪡǴŹǡţξ㣬ϲԵġ
˼ʵ۱ûһļ䣬Ц˵һЩˣ֪ϲĿζ
ǰļˣʵ۱ֱ
Ϊյ⼸˵ȷϲԵĲˡ
ѵϬ
뵽ʵ۱½ѹҪĴǣš
ֱӾͰʲôáʲôŪ׵Ժ󣬾ͺԼһ
Ȼɫƿ˺ͷնӵĿ⣬ʼרıţξ㡣
Цſ
Ҫǵطԣֱͳָ飬ûʵ۱µ½⡣
ʵ۱£
ΪʲôҪһֱʵ̫ˡ
ʵ۱µĶˣֻһɰͰ͵Էɡ
á
ջĿ⡣
Ȼŷ֣ʵ۱һֱڳţξ㡣
㶣ôâꪺǴŹǡ
ʵ۱¶˶٣ǿԼǰâꪺǴŹϵĿջҲġ
⵱ȻǼٵġ
һôϲʳأʵ̫Ƹˡ
ҪڷǰһȱС
ȴ⻰յɫ˲ͱˡ
λʵ۱¾Ȼϲʳôܣ
Ҫ֪Եľʳˡ
һûǰļ䣬ϰ߿϶ǲıġ
λʵ۱²ã
뵽սеĿӣһƬҡ
ôܣ
ҲʱԱͻȻһʲôúģ׸׸ܴ5.2ۣ໮
⻰˲Լͬתͷ˹ȥ
ȴԭԱߵĿϲ֪ʲôʱˣһһŮеЩͺһ˫С۾ŶһλŮˡ
ͺеĻŮ˵ֱӾͽסˡ
ʯǵһμ档
ͺе˵֪ȻӦˣǿ϶Ҳ޸ҵѽһôˣ
ߵǶ鶯ĸŮ˽Χæ˵ԭλ׵ģλۣλһһ㡭
˵æĿڣһȡ
һľˣͺв䡣
Ů˼״æصõģлл
ͺзԵĻᡣ
ͺйȻЩˣ׸ѣʲôúߵģ㶼ʮˣҾͲǰûи׹졣
Ůˣ
ͺȴһоûУԹԻˣҺǼҲȱǮҲƽЩ
ȻҾҽܰɣҽʯ٣ҵܵѾ弶Ԧʦˣϸ¸ոУһںڲˮʮ㣬Ұ˵ˣҽ飬ҵܸܵڵ۾׷ҲӦˣֻҪԸҽ飬ԺҾԿԳĺġ
Ȼž˵ˣҪҫܵжɫжߣǰ;ж಻
֪ĻΪŮ˵׶ܵء
Ů˼ҪĻʧˡ
δ˵ˣ˵ھҽԺҰ˵ˣʿ˽ܻңҽ֮󣬾ͱѹǵ
Ů˵ѿˣǿŲʣðһ䣬ˣ
ͺУʮˣôˣ
Ůˣ˵ŶʮţǸзȣϲĹʦ
еȻǽˡ
ˣһ˿˵ġ
û뵽ͺһ㶼ûĶԣѽʮͶʮҲûٰ˵ûҵȷϲ
Ȼ͵˵ˣҸ˵ǰһŮѣÿһأֻΪĳЩɿԭǷˣҪȻҽҲס
Ůˣڳ˶Ϣˣһ̨ϵСҲ˺ü
ھʱͺеĹͻȻˡ
Ů˶ʱһ
û뵽£ͺд򿪹һͻȻͺȵȣ㻹иܵܣ
Ȼʲô˷Ϣ
󲻵Ů˻ػֱվУҰ˵ˣеܵܵŮ˲ȢȫǷħ
ֻ˵⻰ЩɣΪŮ˻ͦƯģæܱ֤Ժ϶ܵܵĻҲǿǿԺġ
Ụ̊ʵ۱ȴ̲ˣΪͺаѺúõȫˡ
ͺ
ֱ˵ҵŮѣΪĳЩɿԭֵ֣ɿԭ²©ɡ
УʲôеܵܵŮ˲ȢȫǷħôǣûи߹㣬аֵ˲ܼޣǰֱУԺŮʿ׵ʱǧ˵Լа֡
ˣ
գ
еͻȻͶ˳ˣȻɿսӵ֡
ⶾˮƽûˣ


40 
˲䰲һ˲
ŮȷӦ˹, ʶؿԴͲѾдˡ
ͺҲӦ˹ٴ, Ҳ֪˵ڳˡ
ˢһվ, ָŻʵ۱µıӣƿڴʲôȻӣ
, ʵ۱¼, Ҳվ, ˵˵һ飿
ôͺ, Ʊ˲ѹͺд
ͺ͵ʶӣֱǰǲ
һ, 뵽ʲô˲վֱ壺˵һ˵һ飬˵ʲô, Ȼӡ
Ȼ˵Ҹ, ҵܵܿ弶Ԧʦ, У, ҶҶԣ
֪δ䣬Աһǡգ
Ȼϳˡ
, ʶô², λǡ
ʶصһ, Ȼʧ£
䣡
˱⻰ȫվ
һʱ֮, ﵽǿӺ͵ӵڵϵ
ʲô, ݡ£
ͺеɫˢһ¾Ͱˡ
ʵ۱µͷֻ˵ʯǰɣиܵ弶Ԧʦϸ¸ոУˮʮĺڲ
Щɶͺеԭ
¼סˡ
һոսУ͸Ҵ󷽵ڵ۾򳵣֪̰˶١
ԵȴһҵĽʲôԶ
⻰ͺеˣ˵
ûȥ߾ͷӦ˹һð˱¡
ǵϣֱǰ˳ȥ
ŷӦ׷׼ع񣺡հ
ʵ۱ʶصհ
ȻʶԼڲڻʹڲںԼᡭ
ʵ۱˵õҪձȱأ
ոնʲôһһ©аֵ˲ܼޣǰֱС
ôҲǵ۹Ļʵ۱£ʲôûһλؾ񣬹ҲֻһͨĹ˿Ͷѡ
Ȼ˻ȥŷգ򶨵ǸȿȣҪǸʵ̫ˡ
š
Ц˵¸ղźӢ䡣
šţ
ʵ۱صɴۡ
Ϊû뵽վȻղŵΪġ
ʵ۱¶ʱǳһ
ռ״һǴŹǺһâꪣȻ̹Ȼ˵¿ԣҾͦóԵġ
ãӦʲô飬Իʵ۱²Ż˵ϲʳ
ʵ۱µעȻ˲ͱǴŹǺâˣգգ۾Ȼ㶼ô˵ˣҾͳһ
˵꣬ļǿâ¾ȥ˵ĩˣͷ촽ϵĲ
յĿ촽ϣ۲ɰ˰

ĬĬĿӣȻּһâꪸʵ۱£òĻԶһ㡣
ʵ۱Ȼ߲ܡ
һߣһĻ˰Ĵ˹ԣŷպͻʵ۱¾ģŮҲĬĬԭλ
ϾǵһνؽӴʵ۱°
ͻȻΪˢһǲȦթʬǣ

ʵ۱ºգ
Է
ԼɣһԼɣ
ҵĴĬĬͶιıºùԵӣ
1111
ԵϹ֮СèCPҿԣ
Ҳ˺ǡ
ٶǲ̫˵㣿
ҲãһרĹڳԼᣬͻȻȦϷֱӸС
Իʵ۱ôΪ£հɡ
ܿŹٺܿͳҥˡ
Ϸ֮ǰı񻯣ΪܵľŵԻָǡ
һ񣺡
£
ˣҵıȷ˵վڻʵ۱ºսսʧٵġ
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ұˣտʧ죬Ҳ˵Ǻͻʵ۱һ𡣡
ййһҡ棬룬룡
һ֮ǲϾͽյ۳
Сʱ֮󣬳ͶϰƪɫСġ
Ź٣
˵Ĳ룿
ȻȥһȦѣĲС
õģŻͬˡ
ԭؽ飡
һߣѾǰСʱ֮飬ɫҲװ
ڹ԰Сϣʵ۱͵͵ӣеš
ƽʱǺܿƵģΪΪһǴèԦʦԶ֮ر׷Ǻϲָо
ǽһСʧˣҪΪܵյĹƻ֪ͳԶˡ
뵽۽ǵ͵͵ؿһԱߵˡ
֪ʱԱߵͻȻͣ˽Ų
ţ
ʵ۱ʶظͣ
տ½쿪𣿡
ʵ۱ѹҪĴǣƽš
յЦ˵ôҪ𣿡
ʵ۱գգۡ
ֻͻȻϥ£Ҳ˿ڴ
ʶʲôʵ۱µͻȻֱ
ֱӴӿڴͳһСУ֮͵˻ʵ۱ǰô£𣿡
С׹ĽָٶϷĿ⣬ʵ۱ֻý·ƸֱͣӾͰ˶ˡ
⡢ô
ôµĽָôϡͿİѻڶôһһŵػصʹĶˡ
Դˣһѣ桤ԭؽ飿
˸ĸֱӾˡ
ޱ𾪵ؿŷգ˵õֱӾܾأ
ôͻȻչˣ
գ£
˸ĸĬˡ
ðɣ˵ЩѾˡ
ΪҪǻ飬ϾҪǶӽĿǻʵ۱°
뵽˸ĸʱסˡ
Ҫǳġ
ǸʲôΪƸ񣿡
գˡ
Խļʱʮʹ㷺鿨ȫ˳
ȻҪ͵۹Ļʵ۱½ˣȻҲͲµЩҺѧԺˡ
ȻЩ鿨רΪƸȫ͸˻ʵ۱¡
һѣ
鵽ˣȥ鿨۶Ϊһǧ˰ڣƽٷ֮רѼ㣬һʮڣ൱ڵ۾GDP
ʵˣ
Ҳ
⻹ûꡣ
Ϊʵ۱һˣֱӰѻһĲҵ͸˷ա
һĲҵһٸ㣬ʮ˸
ˣˣǾҪϹˡ

žǴ鵱ˡ
۹ʵ۵ĻʢޱȣڻŹڻֳʷ͸ʵ۱µרȫתø˰źḣţⶨʵΪڼ˰ٰٷֶʮΪӰٷ֮ʮϽļƻ֮˶ˡ
ķϻͲ˵ˣףʵ۱ºͻʷ°úϣ
ͬģ
ͷϣ

ҲεĻ裬ʹһڱ͵Ļʵ۱±һ˹
˿ֵĹֿ˿·գԼЩ춼ʲôǴӦյ飬ϲصسﱸ񣬻һƲƸ񡭡
˵õֻΪŪյĸŹأǲЩԡ
һչƻҪȻôͻȻǱһչת
뵽ʵ۱о
Уٱչƻˡ
һ룬Ϳհľװ˵ϣȻ˴ϣһЦſһԱߵĿλ
ž
ʵ۱е˲ֶˡ
һ룬ͲܿƵ˹ȥ
һ˿ǣ֪ӦڽһȷԼļͥλǸ㣬򶨵İѷյԴһ§һ֮˵ģԺõġ
û˵꣬ͱɴķ˳ƹ·
ʵ۱£
ʵ۱µ˲ͺˡ
⡢˭ס
ǻʵ۱µͽеͶˣӶ˵֡
һֱڶ̫߸߹ˣʵ۱²ѹ
ʵ۱һ߶ȴ·һ߷߷ߵĵմ֡
ȻܺˬһʮԦʦȻһһƿʦˡ
ͺܶˣ
ǴܴҵʱûбչƻĺҲǱסһЩ档
뵽ӵĻʵ۱µ˲١
Ȼ´򿪴ţû뵽̴ӹһԳصĺȦʶʵôˣ
簲
Ȼ̴ӹԹ²ס޹԰ϣ֪˭ĳè췢ˣܵ޹԰һϣ޹԰ҲźһϣǴ͸ֶס
ʵ۱£
ҹδôĻè


41 
ʵ۱࣡
ʵ۱ܻ
ʵ۱ˣ
ĳף
ֻʵ۱һֱû˵, ̴ӹʶʵôˣ
ʵ۱Żعǿ侲û¡
תһ룬̴ӹҲΪ˭ҵĳè, ֪ľ塭ȿȣ
˭ҵĳèˣ۹ʵʲôϵ
Ȼǡ, ĳ׻Ҫġ
Ǿͷؿշһڡ졭
ʵ۱µʶĴ˸
, һڰɡ
뵽ʵ۱, Ҳˡ
Ȼһ˵ʲôҪ𣿡
ǵ, ¡
̴ӹٵɫǹޡŽ˵Ĵ, ԺļλԼλ˾Ѿڻˡ
ΪȻѾˣ鷢֮û, ʵ۱¾ͻȻ˻ѶʱȣǲòȫȥûЩӷЩûвı˵ڶûһ
յ۹ɵĹ涨ЩûвıֻܹѺ졣
ǲŲòڻʵ۱»ĵڶ
⻰ʵ۱µĺ˲ûˡ
üͷֻ˵߰ɣ
һʵ۱±˵ʲô뷨
Ժϯ󳼵˵ر, ȵ˼, ޡŽȻûвı棬ڱ֪, ͸ͼıλ, Խ, ӦдޡŽ˻ҳ, ˵ȴԾ޶𡣡
ıĴӷҲӦðյ۹̡
ʵ۱룺޾ˣμѡٵĿĻ㵥
ϯ󳼣ǡ
ʵ۱£ˡҲشش
ˣʲô
Ϊ鿨ǶЩƿר۹ǧ겻ҺѧԺɵ
ƫƫʱպͻʵ۱½˻飬֪ЩҺѧԺɱȻѳתƵʵ۱ϡ
ЩҺѧԺɱϾѾڵ۹̾ǧ꣬ʵ۱ôһֱڴѹǣִɲС
ʱǲûǵһĻ죬롣
ʵ۱£֪ǵ˼ǹһᡣ
ȻҲЩſͨǧѪҺѧԺɣҲòϣҲΪͨ˳һġ
Ǳʴȡ
ϣǲҪʶȤ
οǻգԣǻʷɱأȷûʲôµġ
뵽˷׷׵ͷǡ
鵽ﻹû꣬Ϊᱻһ򾡣ƱҪѡ٣һ̯¡
Ƴ˺ü鿨Щ鿨ӦðһרѣӦðרѣЩ鿨֮ԽԽףļ۸ָôܼ鿨Ծõĳһ̯¡
뵽޹ǻĻè̲סյſڣ̧צǿһ죬͵ˡ
֪ϷһķҲվ׼壬Ȼһ۾Ϳſŷ͵Ļè
գ
è
һһè۶Դۡ
˵õҪնؿշһء
ͺܶè
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Ҳʱ򣬷յ£䣬ҪҪ
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յ˫֡
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ǶѾˣԱһĺҲûʲôϵ
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ĩˣڷַյĻů̲֮סת˸˷ջһֲ߲䣬һ
ȻͻʷһܵĻʵ۱Ѿױƻˣְʲôٽ顢ʲôŪ׵ԺȥˣֻѰʷİο
ʷҲȻûйʵ۱µѻʵ۱·ŵ֮󣬾rua˼°͵Ļʵ۱ֱӾˡ
ǷʷĻҵسΪ˻ʵ۱µĵѡ
ʵ۱ˣŹЧҲ˲١
ǷȴؾЩԾˡ
Ϊͷʵ۱ֱ˯鷿ù̫æͣ컢èŷˣʵ۱»û͸˵ˣȺıĴӷѾˣʵ۱»ûл
Ҫ֪»ûء
ԴѾˣʵ۱ڶ
Ȼ֪ʲôԭ򣬵֪ôȥ϶УΪûҵˣҪؿշ
ͷ
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è
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У
˵Ҫնؿշһھ͵һڡ
֮ԣһԾŶ
ǻʵ۱ľǿ
ԻèʹתͷΣ
˵ǣæûʱ
ȻèһģĶǵģβҲҲû֮ǰ
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⻰èĶˢһ

š
ڷâͦġ
Ϊʵ۱ڿᣬһڸҲڣԸʵ۱͵Ļ϶ҲҪҲһݵġ
ֻͦãʵ۱¾Ͳһˡ
̴ӶżĽһڸҲֵ÷һ׷ͳڴķ֡
һĻԭΪԼûзյȦ׶մմϲĻʵ۱µ˲Ͳˡ
ӵȿȣǻʷġ
һʼûӦԭǻʷģǸӦúúóˡ
ʵ۱¼ˣǻʷġ
һڸ󳼣
ˣ
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һȺϰͷЦĬĬְѷŻ˿ڴ
ʵ۱£
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ʵ۱µǳ׶ˡ
ա
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ĩ˻̴ٸ׼һݵĺͲ衣
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ǵʵ۵Ŀˡ
һߣ޹ձһĻèεЦЦ
չյļƻǲģŻèȿͷ
ǵڶϣ޹ͻȻһо鿨оһķյϵĻèŵϣȻȥ
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ȻͿմһ̴ӹһ
ʹʲôûУվȻҪ
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ȻͿմӰڿ㣬ǵģ֡
ˣջһɫģһ߿һ˵Ͼʹˡ
è
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ʵ۱âֱӵ˵ϣ˲ȥǰâꪣ۵ɵϴ
ˣ
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Ϊʵ۱鲻ԽԲ˷մڿʱӡ
ʵ۱£
ͨɣȥܻ
һߡ
۾һׯ԰һܿս˼ԡ
׼ظˡ
Ҳˡ
һΣǸҪΪңҲⳡ
Ȼʵ۱¿ˡǵ˼ȴڵ
˼ʯһֻ˵ô죿
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롣
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Լʧȥ˻λҲ̫ʧ
ȻЦ˵ģȵھվ˸֮󣬾ͻȢ㡣
Ͼʲ˼ʯ١
˼ʯ𣿡
һʯ
Ϊ˼ʯЩԡ
ǲѻ˵꣬һ룬˼һĲϡ
㡪
޲ŵؿ˼ʯȻֱֱصȥ
˼ʯջϵĿ⣬͵ػͷʹڵķЦ˵µûǲľôʧܣ


42 
˼ʯģ
ƾʲô, ػһı꣬󲻽ûаղڽŵ, ˸ǽ³
Цǣֵ֮ʱȴ֦ͷ˻ʷ
Ҳʱ֪䵽³׺Ȼա
Ϊ񻯵ı, Աû, ֱ֮ӽǴԨ
Ϊʲôܹ±, ΪնξѵĻԵ, ѾͶ·תƳһ鿨Ϊ޳еϹ, ŵл˱
ģ
ĵĲ, ЩҺѧԺɡ
ԭҲܼ򵥣ƫƽ, λʮÿҪǾһ
ڴ֮ǰ֮ѡһΪÿҵɶ֣ܳϴ򣬱ƽҡΪʱԵĶĳһصҺѧԺ, ûдɱ, ìͷ׼еҺѧԺ, ȵǵĵߣҲ͹˽ʳݳ, Զһ˸ϧ, Լע, ĺλʵۿսԲһ̵ֱ˽졣
ڣѾ̲ȥˡ
Ϊз鿨
Ҫ֪鿨ҺѧԺܹĸ
ոոóױʱǻܼϣܹ֮ǰ鿨ȫƳǵһʱͰ˶鿨չо
ǵ˿оɹʱͻȻͺͱˣˣΪҪʮ鿨ȫ˳Ȼ͸˱Ƹ󱩾תͰЩ鿨ר͸˰źḣš
ǿһʮڵ밡
ҪǣǱӦǵǮȴΪ˱ĵĹߡ
ǿɲñ֮ʲô飬ֻ֪յΪѾ𺦵ǵ棬ΪṩӻΪǳгնҺѧԺɵĸ
޷ȷԼܹ֮ǰȼ鿨ȸƳеҺѧԺһĶϣһѪĽѵ֪ڵ۹ǧҺѧԺɣôǵģ
ǻʵҲУ
Ͼ۹߳ɵƿʦԦʦҺѧԺ
˵ǻøлղŶԣΪҪЩ鿨ȫ˳ЩҺѧԺɻ治һ
ϾƿžӺȽ
һˣﱾȱľƿʦЩ鿨Ǿ̵ʱ鿨ô鿨ǰȽľӣҲǴ׵ĸѡ
뵽˼ʯЦѡ
ȻҲ֪˼ֻǸеؽϵһССĵͷߣȣģҲŲһļƿʦӮⳡս˼ҺҲֲ
ߥ˼ҼΪ֪һĴܣһΪʲôҽǷŻɽܣһҷܡ
ǾǾоԺѾоһֶڣһھԽһΪƽأʮԦʦǰҲǴ׵ĸѡ
һӣУ޼̳˻λΪ̳˱ʩЩҺѧԺҲһ췴ˡ
ؼǵõʱ޾һڣһںɱҴĸ߼ԦʦһѧԺɵİߴ
ȻڵԽҪĵȻҲԽ
Ϊڣ۹һֱȫָܡ
˼ʯŻ¡
׼ĹͷʱЩҺѧԺɽ̸С
ƾݹͣһԺ󳼵λá
ޣǼȻ£ȻҪһɡ
Ҳܺҡ
ǿɱλʵۣɱҵϵĻλ
λʵ۲ϲıｫžõ㣬ȫƱλʵ۵ԭʺ̴˽ͨµ˽ӣλʵΪ飬Ͼǻҳţο޹λʵŻıｫţ
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뵽˼ʯֱ˵ߣ
˳У̧˿ս
ҺѧԺɵ춯Ҳڵһʱ䴫Ժһڸ󳼵Ķ
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ȻǾưˡ
Ϊ鷿ӢĻʵ۱ڻʷµĻһָʹŻʷ¸˲ݵģһ߶Իʷ֣ҲڲСȡ
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ʵ۱Ҳİû취ִ򲻹ıơҲ治ô죬ֻƽ˰
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ȻͻȻһ
ʵ۱ʶתͷ
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յʵ۱·Ȼʵ۱·ŵԱߵĿλϣعͷһƽʲô𣿡
һڸ󳼣
Ϊʲôʷ¿ôǶеǸղŵķӦǲеСˡ
ǼʱǴеĿģǵɫ££ˡ
ǰ쿪ʼЩҺѧԺɾͿʼչһ׿Ҫµƿʦȫױױ
ԼΪ׵ھҺԵ۾һѧΪ׵ھѧԺɣҲѾ͵͵ذѼСˡ
˵ϯһأջߵһ
һôļɴ
ûü죬ͷָղǸѾ˵Ļʵ۱£
ҲܿͷӦ˹Ц˵ȻĲ󡣡
ȻˣҲ׼ˡ
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֪ΪʲôЩҪܰȼ鿨ҲƳǲʤȯˡ
ѾһͷˣֻΪҵĵȼһֱûԻûܽиεо
˵ã̴һǱҩ
ǱҩԭϲǡþڸУΪ֮ǰǳ޳¸еֲ԰˻ԵĴǱҩҲͣˣ̴һǱҩǻ˲ٵռġ
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һڸ󳼣
˺죬оԺŷԺ
оԺŷԺһ֪վȻǱҩ˿ҩԡ
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һڸ󳼣
ͺס
ѾǾЩʱˡ
յĵȼ޷ǲζҲ޷оߵȼ鿨ˡ
뵽˵ȫó
һߡ
֪Ϣ˼ʯҲǾסˡ
Ҫ֪ͨƿǱҩֱֻܹ֮һ͵ͷˡ
ȻǷ
ⲻҪģҪǣںտǱɱﵣǶˡ
һΣӮˣ
뵽˶Ц


43 
, ǷԺӿ˶ͨҲһɷϢ
Ҳս˸ĸӵ˻ʹΪ̴֮˻Юʡ
Ϊ˸ĸҲס˹, Էպͻʵ۱¶˲١
, żȻСʵ۱»̲ס͵͵ǣյ, èջһֱ͵͵עǵ˸ĸ˲ѡ
Ͼû˱Ǹϣպͻʵ۱»ˡ
ֻĺ鲢ûгá
Ϊ˸ĸ֪˼ʯҲͽҵ֮ջûס˸绰
Ͼô˵, Ҳ˼ʯʮ, µб޳ʱ˼ʯ֮ˣҲûʲôԹԡ
ԭܼ, »кܶ಻ǵĸĸ, ǲ, ֻ֪ĸģûԹ޺ӵġ
ֻǽãΪ˼ʯǾ÷Ѿ˺, ԲûǵȰ, ˸ĸһ, ʲôȻģҺãһӵٻֱ˵ʵװɹҵ, ǲö, һöءȻֱӰ˸ĸˡ
˸ĸҲı͸, ֮ļ, նйЦݡ
⼸, Ҳƽز񻰣˶֪Ǳٵǰࡣ
ֱϦҹϡ
䣡
һıըըನҲ˲ϯ
ģֳ̨ĴĻȻըѣƬ˲ͽ̨ϵһڱһ
û˾С
Ϊתͷ˱ըԴ
ֻߵʴҡҡ׹ĳ룬һɺɫĻŹŨͬǵصɳһ㣬·һҪĻ
һֻ̣ʣһ뷨ǾǣѾڶˡ
̨£ʵ۱Ӣ絶һ㣬ֻվϵľñȥ֪ʲôʱ򽦵ɰʯͷϣȻñܡ
Щֻ˵ߣ
ϣĿľ١
Ҳˢһվϵľñͷϡ
ͺ˧
յ۾ʱˣʶؾʹ˹Ե¼ܡ
ע⵽յĶʵ۱µĽŲɵض˶٣°ĸˡ
磬Ѿһš
Ѿ֣񾡿³ǡ
ѾѾԽǽ񾡿³ǡ
ѾѾʻ뱱
ȻԤϵҪңǵ۾һ㶼ţΪ飬ÿͻᷢһΣÿζСȲ޳Χǡ
Щһڱըĵһʱᳵ·ض˵³ǵһڵ۾ȫˡ
Ѿô͹ǽˣ
ôܣ
أⲻפĽ𣿡
ѵʵ۱Ҫ𣿡
˶ˡ
ЩжţѾж⣬Ϊ̶̲ӵʱ䣬ǾͽλڱΧסˡ
ܿ죬ͷĿս·ʹһĻһҺѧԺɵĵ˾ͳĻ֮С
Ϊ׵Լ˵گû뵽Ҳнɣ
⻰ߵ˶ʱЦ
һĻϯ˵Բ죬Һ㸸ǴѧͬѣҲйҼķϣȰһ䣬ڻͷü
ԼֱӴЦͷʤǰˣǷ˻ɵˣʱͷ
˵ˣλһ죬İңʮѧԺɾһ첻ðǲݵĵˡ
ȻŶˣǭ¿ˣթߡ
Ҫֶѣԭ治֪ǱȻһĴɱ
ʲô
ϯһ
ԼΪǽ뱱ǰɢ˱İգֳеķû뵽ɣͲµǵͼǰըڡ
ҲΪˣǲֱܳ룬һӾͰΧ
һڸʶתͷ֮ǰըĵطŷȻǾоԺڵء
һڸ󳼵ɫ˲ͱˡ
ȻоԺоԱҲתƵ³ȥˣоԺЩʵɶֵơ
Լ״ֻΪԼ˵ˣˣͶüҸǴѧͬķϣҿһ
ʵ۱ľӣȻҲһ
ϯȻ˵Щʲôǻʵ۱ȴЩͷˣ˵ôϻʲô
̧һӣɱ
Ȼ֮䣬һ׹˲佫ҹɰ죬ԦʦǵľΪһ֮󣬴ӻʵ۱һԾ˿һ߼ʵĽӡ
սһ
Լһ㶣û鶼ˣȻȳ֡
Ҫ֪һο㳲ǰ˼ϵԦʦ˲λڿߣۿȥ˼ϵԦʦȻֻвһٸˣԱʲôǶ
ǵִЦžǴɣ
޼ɵ
˵Ƕܽⳡս
Ҳʮӡ
δҲ̫ƵǵλˣҲӹ

ҲʱУ֧˲뵽һ
һĻ˼ʯ̲סս˫ȭ
Ϊڵȵһˣ
һ룬飡
һ̺ŻصͻȻȺը
ڴʱ
Ȼ˲١
飡
飡
飡
ǵΪģը
ըನ˲ɢĳֱ¥ɣԶĴ𣬾еĿսҲŲ
ţըǿɢȥнս˲˽һ롣
˶ˣ
ڷѾʶȴһֵѪ⡣
Ȼ˵һ˵ʬ塣
Ż
±
Ļ˼ʯϵҲˡ
ǿɲЩըǵŪġ
ұǱ߲ս£Ҳһٶˣսȴٶˡ
ζʲôԶ
Լֻǰһڡ
ЩԦʦȷӦһʱ֮䣬ֻ֮ʣһЪ˹ӡ
ȻΪʱһٶԦʦ״ԥٴ˦һ鿨
ǵһɢ鿨˼ʯֱ˵˴ǰѣôܣ
Ȼδ䡪
飡
һҵıըһֻ֪ĶĻצ˲˼ʯԱߵĲ
һ˲䣬˼ʯͫʽ
ֻצҲԼǰĵϡ
УԷ˼һߵȴȻʮһ
ʣµ˼״ԥıԭ̵ּͶͶ
һ̣ƺ
ֱʵ۱µЦϧǲ´ˡ
΢ȻǰɢİգֳеķȷΪǹǹµɱﵲڣǻʷоʮһױױ
ϾȻɱ̫󣬵̫ˡ
ʲô
ԼһҰףҪվס
ܣ˻㲻ǶǱҩ˿ҩԣҲ𣿡
˼ʯ˲䷴ӦǼٵģʵʲôҩԶǹųŪǵļϢ
ԣôô̵ʱͰʮױױ˳
Ҫ֪ǵʵҿǻ۹ĶƿʦоԱҲյоϰѾɰ˳
ҪȻôóȻٱ
뵽˼ʯЪ˹Щ鿨ʵо˶Բԣ
ǴһʼպͱȦ
ԣüͷһֲ´ˣҶǱҩ˿ҩġ
ʲô
˼ʯı齩סˡ
Ǻܿʶ˷˵ˣΪϵϢȷһƿʦϢ
գҺܺ棬ΪʲôһƿʦͲʮ鿨ˣ
ҺĲһǣֻļ׿ܸư˼鿨׿ܸʮ鿨
ԼûжǱҩҩԣҲʮ鿨
ŴĻ˼ʯˣһƿʦûҿһƿʦҵְ
ֻҪṩ˼·ЩȻ˼·֡
ЩʮһױױƳģȻԼҪ鷳Ķࡣ
˵ЦҲͼһϵİࡣ


44 
Ҳͼһϵİ࡭
ۣ
Լ͵һѪ
ûб̵Ļˣ
ǵҹһ, ŸƳһռһϵİ࣬Ͱʮױױ˳
Ҫ, Ϊռһϵİ, , İҡʮѧԺеĶƴճ, ԭԺɨ۹֧ٶ˵ĸ߼Ԧʦ, ǸղųպͱֲֽӾ˴
лǵֵֶ
Ϊռһϵİ, ֿɵõʤתۼҪΪĭ
ôû뵽ջƿ
ô;ǵ˶ʱ֮Ʋߵȼ鿨, վţҲǵ˺òĶȥ
ڣ˵ʲôˡ
Ϊռһϵİ, ǵļƻѾʧˡ
ֱʱ, ԼŷӦ˹ѣܡ
⻰һ, һˮ˹е͹һ, Ȼը
ˣ
ʱˣ˶һȥ
ȻΪʱ
ΧսȻΧ
, һԦʦٴγ, ʮҿս˲䱬ըʿ׹ء
һʱ֮䣬ؼ಻Ĳҽ, ֻʣһ, Ͷ, Υɱ⣡
ͶΥɱ⣡

ɱڵĸ߼Ԧʦٿǰ߼ʵĶ׼ǵĺڿڡ
ͨ
˼ֱ̱˵ϡ
Ǳļƻ
չΪ˱ܿȺȻЩ鿨һеĸ߼Ԧʦ߽ǵ־ݻǵģȻֱӱƽǡ
ΪľСʧٶȽǡ
ͬһ쿪ҺѧԺɵʱһҲڽһ쳹׳ҺѧԺɡ
ˡ
˼˼ʯߥ˻ˮˡ
ҪȻûЩ鿨רмǧĻڣܹŽʳ
ա
Ҫյûع⣬ͻ˼ҵӵܣĶӣھǹɣ˼ҲΪһԾΪ۹һҡ
˵ʲôˣ
뵽ʲô˼ͻȻݺݵؿԱ˼ʯͻȻסĲӣ㣬ΪʲôҪԼʵݣΪʲôҪף
˼Ȼ˺֣˼ʯֻ۾͹˳
˼ʯѲܣͳһ鿨˼ϣһĲҽй˼͵˳ȥ
˼ʯһŲҿԣһߺ޺޵ؿ˼㻹˵ңΪʲôöʳأҲǸѬģײϵ޳С˶ѡ
շˣǰĶˣʱʲôط
ھ֮أҲ࿴һۣ
˼ʯԼΪֻǲģԼػһеȻȴ˸³
үǲƽ
뵽˼ʯ̲סѪ
㣬С
Ļ˼ѣٴ
˼ʯҲ뷢йеԹޣֱӾͺ˼Ťһ𡭡
ЩͷѾûʲôϵˡ
Ϊܿ죬ѾͶʶȤͶˣһ˶ûС
ϾЩΪ촷۵ʮԦʦõǰ֮
ԽȥСʱսѾɨˡ
ڴս֮ûãȫյսʤϢ
ѾƽϢзؼС
ͶѾڶֱ࣬Ѻ˱³֮УҪ
۹ϾץѾǲҪֻš

׼ʵ۱ܹӮⳡսҲˡ
Ӯˣ
֮ǰ˵ѾѾƱˡ
һΣ֤ 
Ц۹ոձһҡ

ֱԺҵľŻع

ʮһױױȻоˡ
ѹɱЩżʮԦʦ͸һ
ȵȣصصգԣǻʷţ
ûʷţ룬Щʮһ鿨ȻһһʮԦʦǲ˵Ҳһһʮޣ
ұˣʷзʮһ鿨ͨƿʦܻƣȻһʮһ鿨һʮɣһ鿨ʦҪ߲ݻһʱܻһףǱˣ۹мϵƿʦ
Ҳ˵Щ鿨Ҳõ޳ˣ˵޳ûִбԵѾˡ
δ̫ˣΪЩЩ鿨Ǿ͸𣿡
ԣ
ǵõһޱɱˣΧиô죿
ЩҺѧԺɣ군ˣѹͨϵĴɽڱˡ
桤ˣ


ǻȸԾ˷ܲѵʱ
ʵ۱ºһԺҲ˵زС
ΪⳡңеҺѧԺɶˡ
;˲ݼ٣ҹְЩҺѧԺɳˡ
ЩҺѧԺɿڵ۹̾ǧ꣬ǻܵĲƸ֪
ͫ|ξԱʲô˻ʵ۱һ겻˰ܼתȥ
ΪڲǮˣһڴпʱرҲûзھҪӾѣԺͬ⣬߻ӳӵˡ
Ժܿ죬ЩսƷͷˡ
糭ֽһһԺ
鱦ݳƷլʵ۱ºͻʷʣµķÿһгõĽǮʱٰոŵз䡣
غͨסլ̵ȣͼȳ۸ƶڣṩ׸ϢõǮȫڵصĳн衣
Ϊ⣬һ󻶺ᡣ
Ƿ²Ĵˡ
ǰΪǵ޳мԷǶţǵ۹鿨Ͳٵ޳ˣԺ²˵һ㶼
ıһҺѧԺɵ˴˴룬ʣµͬڵŷǣдʮ굽һ겻ȵͽ̡
Ҳȫһǧڲȵ
˼˼ʯԭҲڱ˵档
֪֮˼ʯǷҪ˸ĸϣ˸ĸܹ
˸ĸǱ͸ˣΪ˲÷ձһ˽۵㣬ջûм
ʵ۱ջǾֻȥǣΪ˲÷ձһѪĻ
ϾһЩ˼뻹ûп
ȻˣҲΪ˼˼ʯȥ˷֮ӿ϶õĶȥˡϾΪⳡҵߣƻɹ˻ãڼƻʧˣȻΪЩʧʹ޵Ŀꡣ
Իʵ۱̲ס룬ôæջôл
᲻ִɫڿ
뵽ʵ۱Ժ˲ֽһյ۳
ȻȻסˣеĹȥ
һߣһ̵ţҺѧԺɶѾƽˣڿԺպúõĹˣ˳֮ǰǷµҲϡ
ȵȡ
ҺѧԺɶѾƽˣ
ʵ۱ͻȻͣ˽Ų
ôˣվΪҺѧԺɱԲżװϲģҲΪŪյĸźսġ
ҺѧԺѾƽˡ
Իûʼϸ룬ʵ۱µľˡ


45 
Ҳʱ, ʵ۱µĹͻȻ
ӦʱͨѶѾͨˡ
Ƿմģæ𣬿޹, ѾŪ, һȪ
ʵ۱£
ͺĶ
һչƺܿͻˡ
ʵ۱¶ʱ͸˲, ƽʱŵĴҲ
ڷֻʵ۱µЩ̫ˣ˶٣ôˣ
ʵ۱ԽԽܣԽԽ
Ȼ֪ԼķӦе㲻̫Ծ, ˵ʲôҲûˡ
Իʵ۱֮, ƹˤˡ
Ƿ𣬶£, ȵĸ󡲻, ȵ˿ɵǡ
뵽ʵ۱µ˵û, Ͼ͵
תһ룬ϾҪ, ʱ򲻶ѹեһ㣬ѱռԺɾûˡ
ֱ׳ҪУҪ㴩ɫڿ㡣
գ
ŽеҰ
ȻӦʵ۱¾ֱӹҶͨѶ
ȻͦͦţΪ, ڵ޹ȥ
˵ط, չȻѾˡ
, յ֣
ʵ۱֪ɫʪˮ֮ж, ԿųԼڴŻʵ۵µķ, ʵ۱۾תˡ
ȵӦʱ򣬷ԼѾ·ˮ
յ˹ȥ£Ҫ걳𣿡
ʵ۱еĶµ°һ̧ҪǮ𣿡
÷ղɵװģ̲ס˫ۣ˵ĺܣҲͼڡ
ʵ۱£
ʵ۱ԭΪҲڿЦֱոŴţͻȻı֪ʲô˼
ʵ۱ô죬ʵ۱ֻæҵذҪܵ޹԰Ļèְ˻ȥ
Ͼʵ۱ǸӵĻʵۣȥס޹԰
ǻʵ۱תһ룬ʱˣҪʲôӣֱӰѾˤƹӼˤһ飬ֱ
գ
ŽȻܿҰ
ǵ˻ʵ۱µСѵķյĸɾʱ͸ˡ
󣬱ͿǮĻʵ۱ֱ̱ϡ
ǻʵ۱ȴһ˯ⶼûС
ģաҲ֪ĸС
̲ס˴գȥ֮ǲǴȥǸã
šţ
ۡ
뵽ʵ۱°˰ǷϵСϣˡ
˳ӣǧҼϷҪȻ֪֮󣬿϶Ĺ㡣
뵽ʵ۱ڷӦ
ȵȡ
˵£Ϸ
У
ʵ۱ŭɷա
գ
ȻȷľҪʵ۱һأôǸˡ

Ϸ
һ˲
ʵ۱ȴԽԽû뵽Ȼˣ¾ȻһϹۡ
գ
⵹ģϾͬһˡ
ҲڷӦ˹ã
һ뵽ղŻʵ۱˵ġȥ֮ǲǴȥǸáʶˡ
ס˻ʵ۱£Ц˵ǳԴˣ
ʵ۱£
Դףһ֮ôԴף
ֻ˶ѡ
ֻǲ֯÷Ļ˵ʵûʲôá
ʵ۱˲˶䡣

տſھǼǰˣʱҲ͵˼ǮȥǱҩ֧Ǳҩ¶ǲһ𣬵ʱҼҾһΣμԼ޳Ҳʱи˴һһҲҪ
Ǳ£ʱıӢ˲üĿЦƮ䣬
ʵ۱£
ʵ۱µĺˡ
졢ôô𣿣
նʱʧ
ʵ۱ʶԼȻĻ˵˳
ռ״̲סôĴָĥĥ׵촽Ц˵ûб𡣡
Ͼողų
ʵ۱£
ͺ߳ܡ
ֻѹֱ࣬תƻȻأ
Խ˵Խ˳ҶԱһˣֻǵʱ񲢲й¶Լʵݣֻ˵ãȻҾͼסֱ֣޳ʱҲ֪ԭǻʵ۱£ΪµĹ裬Ҳз鿨
󣬷һʧԭΪӦǺͬһΣҪȻô񻯵ʱô׽ڣµ˼񲢲
ʵ۱£
֪ΪʲôͻȻЩΣΪԼٵ˷ն֮õİĻ롣
ûлɷƭϾ̴ӹٲպǸõģû鵽ˡ
뵽ʵ۱һ飬ѿڶȻûΣʵʵҲǶһ顭
˵꣬ʵ۱¶ΪԼĻǵޡ
𣿡
Ц
š
ʵ۱ԽԽþûҪȻҪȻôϡͿؾͺͷռϷء
뵽ʵ۱µ۾ԽԽ
ڷ̲ס۾ףڱӦ÷˰ɣ
ȿȣ
ֹǷģʵ۱µĶ쿪ĵıĳ˺
ΪʶһֱϲĶΪʹҪգȴغͷߵһ
ʲôİ飡
ʵ۱ĶѬˡ
ϲԣֻǰջһ񣺡ˣҪ˯
Ȼ͵͵ذѻè˳ΪҪȥ
޹԰ˣԶ㣬ȥˡ
뵽èβͣצצ޹
ˣҿּʵ۱µ˱
Ⱨһǰʮꡣ
۾Ҳһҹе촫š


46 
ϵĸ, һ˰ʮꡣ
鿨ĵ꣬վֹ˶鿨о
Ϊ¶ڿеޣԭ, ׿ĵȼҲ޷鿨ĵȼҲ޵ġ
ʱ, ʮ鿨Ѿ
Ҳʧ, Ͼһ˼۸ʵ۱²һ, ڸеĵ·, Ǹ, ԵڶͶǱҩĻ, ȻԽʰ
, ڵ۹˵ȴѾ㹻ˡ
Ͼʱϵ޺ֲҲŲʮʮ˸ʮԨ, ۹Ҳϵƣǿн
ʮϵҫ˼ʮ, һȳΪجεɽ֣޳Ϊʷʡ
ʮ, ۹δѣʼ滮, żΪ, ࿪ʼ򿪷ɭԴޣֲֲ, ٷչ׶, ߽ƽռҡ
ںĸ׺ƭֵĺӵĻ, Ҳԭġˣٿ޾Ҫˣʱ߿ô졯ˡˣٿ޾Ҫˣʱɾûˡ
ʮ󣬵۹˿ͼ߳ϵʮ󿪱ٳµ˾ϵʽǼʱ
ͬ꣬Ϊл鿨ǱҩռťĽܳףԺͨȫͶͷ·еǧԪǱϡ
ڼǼǧ󣬵۹µͳҪǧԪǱϵķյͷʱ򣬻˰յĿг
ȻЩǺˡ
Ƕһй˵Ǽҫˡ
Ҳһ꣬ʵ۱½λޡ
ұƽ֮޽ûս
ǵ޵ʱֻѾĿܣһǱѾǿȵģԻʵ۱²û׷ΣֻǷһǱңʾͷ
ҲȻȡѵ˼ʯı֮࣬ģ˾ӣʱͺܲԺܿӦ˾ӣ֮ļʮƽƣͻʮԦʦͬʱ֮һİ׻˾λãʵõһܺõ֤
ãպͻʵ۱ûкӣԸɴѻλ
ĳ˵Ҳԭˡ
֮ʮ꣬ҲеĹ;ͲѡҪ硯дϵĻʵ۱¿ʼǼС
֮伸ʮһյȻҲͳ˵۹޺Ľĵطһֱǧ󣬸ػһǵĵӾ͵Ӱӳ
ȻЩվ޴֪ˡ
Ϊˡ
뵽ٽֵһĹŶһСϡһӵķ̲ס̾һ
ǰСϣһɫҩðݡ
һִ磬Ǻִͨ粻ͬǣħ֡
Ȼħ֣ȻҲгħɡ
µĻʿ磬ҪΪ
ֱΡءҡ
ǰգҵϵ
һױã˹ҼŮ
ʮǰɽ̮ӡ飬ɽ˧ĵһĿǸɽҡ
սҼŮԼձõĸĸⳡսںΡءҺ͹ر˼ʱϵƴȻ˲ˣûֱӶ˴С
Ϊʧȥ˶ŮҼ˼£Ҽյı˹Ϊ˹츳ܿҵ֧վ˸ţĻ˹δҼ
ƫƫͳһ⡣
ڵҵĵ֧ϲĴү˴ˣԽҲǸѧҵ֮ΪҲԶڼϣڸֺС˵ķլ
һԽֱӾͼһǰݡոձ˻ĺŷϲĴ٣͸˷ˡ
Ϊⲻ׵
ĸԽǻûнָ
³˽ָײ洫һöָҵҵĴС
ҵĴ֮ΪȻͻͽ
ΪʮǰǳսشǰԮҵҲʧأ˵һԾΪ֮ס
Ϊ֮շһֻĹ
Ͷ˽ڸдѧһֻ
ַΪߵȣֱΪ׹ҹ顢˧
ǼΪһĶⷨûʵսҲȻõ鱨ֻʵһֻ£ܿ·硣
·дѧҴүվ붼ûͳȥ
ʵյʺһ㣬Һϵ˼һԴʲӵܼΪֻ˹ҼŮʱշյСӹûͦ
ҲĶ֣ģֻʱ䣬ӡ
Եȵ˹ϵʱѾ׷ɱ£ɽ£ʬ޴档
״Ҳ̲סᣬŵúչյļˡ
յ˱˹֮⣬ûˡ
˹ΪҼŮҼ̳˵ߣҪչˣעŵյϡ
ȻҾһ㣬ͲסرƯҪȻҲᱻտȢؼҡ
ĵͼ
ΪѸǺı䰡
Ȼذչ˵˴ϡ
ͷĵʲôֱѹյϾ͸
ûãͻС
⣬ֻһʼ
ٺʲô߹֮ŮĸŮ̽ٺ¡Сȫս˺󹬡
ٺɱɱ𣬽˻δޣŲӡڹ˲֮ʱͻƶ飬Ϊȫ׷ߴڡ
յı˹ԭΪĺյģϾ˭뵽һͺ㵽һأһȶӦӳ֮󣬸Ǹ˲ٵԴ
ЩԴȻ
żȻ䷢Ķо֮Ͼ
û֣ȱˡ
ԭܼ򵥡
ҼȻûкӣҼȴһͬĸ츸ĵܵܣܵҲһŮա
ǿҼŮˣΪ̳ˣȥһϵĹŮϾб
ֻΪյʱȲ˹Ǹκβ˹
ֱǵͶ˽赶ɱ˵ͷ
Ҳ˹˹ȴûеٴɫԥɱ
Ϊʲôһηյõеľ飬ΪҲ˴ˣԭǸѧżȻ䷢һƵС˵ڻҵֺԼһģһľսİҹͷβһ顣
ڶϣȻչʹˣôˤ£µϪºӵʱ
˾ţ֮Ŵӵºӳ
ֻɭﵽǶ߶ݣһѧֱЩӲ죬ʲôҳԣ߳ɭֵʱΪ̫ˣ·ʱû̵ƣײˡ
Ȼվͽ塣
뵽Щ飬վ;еġ
ҪǣһξȻи֮
Ҫ֪ˣŻ
ȻʵǸɾģͲסſ϶ʧˡ
⻹ҪģҪǣҲ֪ʲôطʲôʱҵء
뵽һһۣ̲ס̾һ
֪ʱһֻϤĻèͻȻӴſ߹
գ
գ
գ
ǲʲôèʶͣ½Ųعͷ
ػع
һξȻǿԣ


47 
ǷյĿ̫, ֻҩζ̫أè̲סüͷȻ˷һ, ̧żǰȥ
ŷӦ׷˳ȥ
ƫƫʱһȺͻȻ˽, Ϊ׵һ˵˵ǲ

˵, Ⱥֱס˷գôܣ
ڷ۽ǵ⿴è˸ڵС¥
ǿѹĵ׵ļ, عͷüͷ˵ôˣ
ôˣ
˴һ˿۾, ˹˹ĵģǶȴһ㶼˹ġ
ֱӰŵһľƹعˤ˷ǰϣǲģ
տ˿ǸľƵĹع, ϸ룬ڴӼĽ﷭顣
ֱӵ˵ͷ
˼״, ҿƭӰ
⻰, ·˶Լͬͣ˽Ų
ˣ, ƭ˵ǼѪ֮, Ȼƹع˵ɹŶ衣
֪ƹع˶Ǯ飡
˵, ˶ݺݵص˷һۣȻǼڲȱǮ, ҲһСĿ
Χ۵·˸һƬȻ
ϾܶͥһʡԼöǮ
ٿǸعɫͲ˵, ˵, Ҫ, õ, Ҫ˵ǹŶ˭Ű
ʵϣΪ¼ƵȻǺܶͨ˻Լ˵һЩħֵϢŲžͿ˵ѡˡ
Ǹعֻ˵ҼǵҵعʱǺúõġ
ǰҲղûƭĸףȻǸӣǼѪֻ֮Ǻ׵ġ
Ҳֻаع
Ȼˣյı£ó͵ȵķ
عʵүү
ˣµλڹֱԵСҲүүġ
ֻүүһϵﻹ ŵʱ򣬻Һϵ·һЩͼķͷ
ǵͲˣʲãҸҷҲͱڵĹŶꡣ
ǰǿŶɹƭ˱ϲĺӡ
Ϊûʲô
Ȼˣǳʶ
ڹ磬ֲɹƭԼۣҰѶؼ֮ǼٵģҲֻԼԡ
˿ɲЩʲôúõģʱӵġ
ֻ˵⻰ʱĿЩ˸
ʵϣعԭȷǺõģֻǰΪ̫˺ȶˣˣһƷ裬һСİعɨˮͰˡ
ڶعˮͰ̳ʱ򣬾ͱˡ
Ȼ֪Ϊع񣬾ȻǮ
ĸðһãȲشˡ
ЩҲ
Ǯ
Ҹ㣬ҪǲǮǽûꡣ
˵꣬һ˺ݺݵԱߵһţ
ЦˣúǾ
ҪǮԡ
Ǳû㣬ع֮ԻӣΪǼҵһˣǼҵѪֻ֮ûйȥء
Ͼտؽǰļ䣬ֻһۣͿ˵״̬
յĻʲô˵ͫʶһ
ܿͷӦ˹ȻŲ˵ʲôѪ֣֮ڶʲôˣ˭
ΪľƷˮݾɾͻῪǳʶ
ЩҲ˵ðʱ˻Ūǣ
ǲǷǵøѵ֪¡
˵꣬Щֱӡ
ռ״ʲôҲû˵ֱͳֻת
ǰ˽ǮԲûǰתߡ
˼״ص˵ͷ
ʶȤ
˵꣬ﳤȥ
ҲûţѾ御ˡ
Χ۵·˼վȻǮˣʱЩɨˡ
ԭΪܿһϷأ
ⲻ˵ľǼٻҪȻô飿
뵽ĬĬס˷պŶ֣׼Ժ󶼾Զ֮
Ҳһ˷׷뿪֮󣬴˵Сղ˵ĶճµļѪ֣֮
ϳǶ͵ϰĸ̫黹ϲ˼ҵ顣
Ʒʵľ׶ģҾѵʣµʳ͸Ĺ¹˳ԡ
Էղźš
˳ʵôʶ
֪һʣǴ̫Ŀһ
³˵ܲʶҼҾסһС
Ҹ˵ճµĿ湻ȱµġ
иѣǸŮģй˾߹ܣΪʹˣĸʼ߻飬ֲ飬Ծ׼ɶ˹УӰ˰סճµҽԺŮľҵ
ŮĹȻˣŸ֮һ˫̥
ãò׺·ˣȴˡ
Ҳǧңϸֱպ˾⳥Ųǧ֮ࡣ
ôţճµͻȻվ˵ŮǶ˫̥ĺӣŮĽŮˣǶ˫̥ȻӦýŮĵŲҲ÷ָһ룬ȻŮĵĸĸҪӵĻͱٸϷѡ
Ҳ˵ŮµǧŲҪһǧ򡣡
ƫƫһDNAӻġ
ԷԺֱӾӮˡ
ŮһоͱιȥֱӾ̱ˡ
Ǽҵãǧ֣߸˵ذˮϯ
ǶŮɶˣҪȻôġ
˵ǼѪ֣֮ǲŮĻˣ
̲ס˵
ЦЦɣ
һ͸ûʲôˡ
̫ȴԽԽ˵˵ˣȻȥˡ
øϽϢַ߽ھȥ
ԵȵշӦʱѾʧˡ
ռ״ֻεЦЦ
ȻͰ׵ԺȻ¡
յתͷ˸ڡ
ǵøסĺһԷ򡭡
ȵȡ

գ
ﻹסСϵҩ޶˲ˣ̧ȥ
Ȼ̧÷š
źܿʹˣŵһˡ
գɵ㶣ǡ
ԡԼˮȻʲôϴ衣
ôҲû뵽ĻԼ
ܿ죬뵽ʲôͻȻüͷңǸ
Ҳʩԣ


48 
յĿ, ʩЩʡ
Ҳֻǲʡ
˭֪ʲô˼
ƫƫջôԼ
ʩԶʱַղĸо
̲סüͷʲô𣿡
Ѿ侲
룬ͺôϲһôϲôء
ֻ˵ûʲô¡ǰô, һֱûŰݷáҪҪһԸ
ʩԣ, ̫㡣
Ҳû뷽սһĴ, ֻǿ׵Ҫпȥݷ㡣
ðɡ
ҲʧϾôҵѾ֮ϲˡ
߷յһ룬ʩԾͼֲסˡ
ֻһ׹˲ʧ˿Уֻʣһֻèһ·, Ȼ̵ɳ
һĻôԡ˵Ĳѣ, 𣿡
è, һ, ʾ
ȴ̲ס˵, Ѱ¯ɡ
뵱, ħҲһ, ˭뵽ս, еԽԽ, һĩʱ
ħķΪҪǿͨ飬壬, ֮ͨ, ԴԴϵĶֲɾ, ܵĳԶ, 塣
ǰʩԣȻħ嵱λ֮һ
ʩΪǴ֮壬ʺħ幦׿ԭһħ֮ߡ
ƫƫԸƽڵ¾ңΪͣͲǰ޷ʱάͣڲĸҲħϲҲʧȥ˳Ϊһħ֮ʸ񣬲òССĸ
⻰èһ˲Ҫš
ħΪʺĹ⣬һûʲôڲٿԣǳ̬ĳЩС˵еĺϻڣʩûײĳЩҵĳ棬ȴֻöģԲ¯
οħλãҲں
Ͼڴħ£Ҳʣ²˰ˣûлһͨ˶ࡣ
һ峤λʲôģ
й򣬻һЩ£˵֮ȥ
ֻ뵽ʱ򣬲֪ΪʲôͻȻ˷գΪ֮ǰӷյĹŶǰ·ʱ򣬲ûŨҵۡ
ǲܲġ
ϾǸħ
뵽ʩԶʱеͷ˦
⻰Ҳֻܱ졣
ʲôż˵ˣղһŮš
ʩǿ񣺡ʲôˣ
˳˵ѱѣԷıĴŲĸ̱ˣҪ𣬽Էǰһڼˡ
ʩԵ˵ȥɡ
ˣǡ
һߣصŶķСϵҩޡ
æҩ޶ҩ֭ûոɡ
氾˵ҩ
ԼǸܹһʱ֢ҩ
ҩٴηյļ䣬Լүүһй鼮ΪҪ硣
磬˹͸˹
գֱӺۿȻ̲סס硣
ϾѪԵϵ˵տˡ
ıˣⲻѾû𣿡
˹ɿ˷գȻϲûû̫ˡ
ʲôæ˵ȥķˡ
ʱΪûҵյʬ¹ڣ
ջˣ¹ڣȻҲҪˣҪȻ
գ
ܾ⻰ʲôطֵֹġ
Ȼ˹˵ˣɩأ
յɫ˵ϵʽһûϵ
˹ûж룬Ϊƭ˵ϼˣǣһϵ
ʲô㣿
գȻҪꡣ
ţ
˹㶣յ뷨Ȼûֱ̫ˡ
һȷľܾ֮󣬻ɧ飬ɫ˲Щ̫ÿ
ԻֱһãϾʵ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ʱղȥûá
˹˵á
ȻһתֱҰȥҪˡ
Ȳ˵Ϊ˾տǲˣһȥôķ
˵ˣҴүҪӣͲϿա
ֻʱ϶䲻źþˡ
ϾһϲҪΪѪܸ˲Ź֡
Ҳµңá
һߣջŻ˵ϢҲĶ
ʲô
һ
ֱˣ٣ջˣڸô죿
⻰ԭΪӹһٶе˵Ҳüͷ
ǰյţջˣ϶ûȥ
ѾŮˣôٺ׽ء
ϾĸǻὫԼŮ˹ˡ
ܿ뵽һ⣺û£Ǿȵʲô鶼ûзȥˣҸʵʱˡ
⻰ǰһ
ˣԺ鰡
Щ⡣
ȻҴٶԵת
ҪĿɲסֹ꾫̲֮סҧ
Ѿһŵơ
ȻΪΪǮźһġ
ֱ§סֱۣ滨Ҳ֪ԲգҲûа취µһֱû
˵ʲô
ӦվĿضĶӣ㻳ˣҪжˣ
˵ͷ
رסúúãҪжˣҪжˡ
Ҫ֪һӣΪûǮҲûһݺùЩ󶼲Ըܡ
ôⱲӣŮϸŸӡ
ҪǿԵĻǿڵķⰡ
뵽˷ˡ
ա
Ϊ˵ʱ˾ˡ
⻰۽ǲɵس˳顣
ֱܸе㺮ףʵûһŴٵ𣬱Ͼ׵ض΢һС򲻵߳иС
ȻЩ˵
ҲΪѾûлЩ˵ˡ
һ룬ֻ
绰Ҽġ
˵ʲôս˵ӼһԴ
ûӦͱͷһ٣ʲô֪ߵغȥüʧء
Ȼֱ֪ͨԺÿµԴûˣˣЩŲԼһּҲȫջˡ
˵ֱ꣬ӹҶ˵绰
һŷӦ
ôң
ܻȻֱӽеֻݺˤ˵ϡ
ҲÿµԴ˵ЩŲѾֵˣЩȫûˡ
ΪʲôҪŻҪֱµ¸öá
뵽۾޺˵գӼסˡ
Ǻ˵ķȴѾæˡ
ҪĶ٣ʯٿ顣
ԭһҵģϾҪģǿ˹ϣûҪ
ⲢҪģҪеŵر
ûĻŵرټһЩͨҩģӦƳǱҩ
ϱӶǱҩչоⱲ֮ĵһ飬ǽյļ䣬Ǳҩе䷽ȫ滻ܴҵҩġ
û취ǰ̫ˡ


49 
͹߸ȼһ, ʿĵȼֱֻǺ졢졢𵤡顣
ÿȼϸΪǰС󡢴Բڡ
ûд֮ǰյΪǺ, ո, Ѿͣ׶, оһ¾ͻᷢʱһҪһ֮⣬ͬ˴һ֮, ͨ˻ûʲô
ڷյ޸֮Ǳҩ䷽ǶԵ, ҩ¶, ֮, ΪֱǵԲ
Ҫ֪ΪȥЩеˡ
ľĽ̵, ˹ڵΪҲڣ, Ѿһٮٮˡ
ԾҲˡ
ܿͷӦ˹֮ԻĽ, һΪǱҩ䷽, Чá
ΪȻһһȼ, Ϊ𵤺ΪϢж, վΪϸԦʦࡣ
Ҫ֪ѾĶǿˡ
ԼԭϵҩЧۿ۵ΪһǵԲ
ȹ, ղЩˡ
ǿԱ֮ˡ
⻹
Ͼԭ, иֹ˧, ڸһƬͿ̿
Ǳҩ֮, ΪҪѾǲ, ҷҲһܾú, ԼһЩһ鿨
ó˹ԼҪһ׭
ϾһƳ鿨Ǹִķ׭ԭ鿨Ļϸġ
ķ׭ĵȼΪƷ
ղһ£Ʒ׭ϸ弶鿨࣬ǻƷ׭Ѷȴ弶鿨ֹ
ԭܼ򵥣鿨Ļԭƿʦӣͨʽдӡ׿
׭Ļԭǽ֮ڵӡֽ׭ϵ·еŷӡãܽЩŴֹ
Ҳ˵ͬ鿨ͷ׭鿨ֻҪƿʦٷ֮һǻƷ׭Ҫ֮ٷ֮ʮ
ٿһСȻҪȲٿһ򵥵öࡣ
׭ŵҲԣΪ鿨ȡд˶
Ƿ׭һض·ȻԷŴ
ǰģ
ԷնʱͰ಻סҪоˡ
ȻֱӾж
ոûϡ
ڷæŸ׭ʱ̫ͻȻ
ɫЩ԰ףȻ¡
˵С֪ճµĸˡ
еճµĿɲǰյĹŶ˻Ǹˡ
׼ȷ˵ǰճµĸˣֻû˷ְˡ
Ϊʲôֱ˷ˣΪǴ죬ڱҲóˡ
ǳζֱƮĵǣɰǼ¥µھӶĻˣھҲǸģֱӾ
׻ûҵȾһǼҶ¥ĴŻ˼ʮʧꡭ
Ȼ󣬾ǹɳζʬȻֱŶ룬ŷճµĸʬ塣
˵ʱǵ۾ģɵϴǽһŤȴûʲôˣһ֪ǻģ
ԾŮĻˡ
˵̫沿ӷḻˣʲô֪ճµĸǧټƵȥŮӺŲǶˣӾϵĵһ˳̳ˡˣ⻹ԼȥҷԺжģŲɲȫ𣿡
г¼ҵһݣûٰճµĸæǵҲճµĸŲŶûˡ
ʲô͵ʴףˣ
Ůĵ֮ǰǱ̱𣬽˵֮һˣüһֱվˡ
Ȼˣǿŵ˵ȵȷͻȻһ֪
ھе㵹ùˣٻеӰ
ǰž쵷һŻ˵׼ʲôʮǮĽЩȳļҲкܶȥлģôһĻӦø˲Ŷԡ
뵽̫ʱ̹ˡ
ˣ˵ˣҵȥȥ
Ȼ󲻵ȷջعͻ𼱻ǵת
뵽ʲôͻȻͣ˽ŲˣСأô¡ŵôû
գд绰˵ˣͦصġ
ǽڣӦæֺء
ϾһοǱӲˣϵӣ˵ԸǨŭǺ顣
Ŷ
̫Ҳûж룬Ӧһ֮󣬾ͷҲصؿ첽ˡ
ŷӦЦЦûаϡ
Ȼͼͷо˷׭鿨
ڰ׿Ļϣɹ˻ֽ
ʳƷһ׭ӻõһƷʾͿʼ͡
ԭܼ򵥣ΪִĻֽ޷סעеԼƷ׭Ҳֻвһꡣ
ȻΪƷޣûܽ⣬Ŭ£ָĻֽٶѾ͵ԭʮ֮һ
Ҳ˵ֻֽƷ׭ʮꡣ
Ҫǣ˵ϵƷֽܹɵ1ôָĻֽܹɵ2.5
ֽܹɵԽ࣬ȻҲԽ
ҺɲɵǣҪһԭϾڵյȥǸµҵġ
죬ʼо׭·
оʱ̫£˶֪ճµĸ˵ˡ
ڹϵ˵ⲻҪģҪǣճµĸѪ֣֮ڶǾͶˡ
Ե죬յ־ʹ˹ֵÿһ䣬û죬ĸдѧ˷յĴ˵
ֱ˹
㣬ڶˣȥˣһ˼Ѿô졣
Фɴߴٵ
Ǹдѧѧ
Ϊүүİʮ٣үүһƽʱоһЩĶҲ֪Ǹ˵ûã֮ǰļʮ꣬һ鶼û
ߺò׷һ¼ȻҪȥˣ˳һȥүү˸ˡ
һ·̲סȰҸ˵ִԣʮоŸǼٵġ
Фɣο϶ģҶˣճµĸˡ
һһܵסСġ
һΡ
Ȼ֪ճµĸˡ
֪пǼҹŶĳԡ
ҪȻôŶ̶̼ʱ䣬Ѿ˴Сˡ
̫
ƺʲôڱ
οһŶ꣬ȴ˷Ҫ˵ûƣ
ԼͲ³ǰ
һճµ飬һȥլû·ֻȥг
Ǹտ鲻ԣͰһٹŶѳǷ
û뵽ײճµһҾȻĳˡ
Ȼϰ￪ˡ
ĿľΪФɵ
֪֮ô࣬Ϊؼҵĵϵӵܣˡ
ŵǱҰܻġ
뵽͸ˡ
Ҳ֪ФͷϣôȰûá
ҲûȰ׼һ¡
ʵڲֱӱݣҴǸա
ȻôװƵɣܲФְ׬ǵǮˮƯ
ôţڵˡ
ߣФ˷ܲѣҴˣǸյĹŶֵ档
СںͼŶϰ̸⡣
׼ѵĹŶȫˡ
ΪоǺܷǮģѾǰµǵ˽ǮǮȫˡ
ŶǮ̫˵ĹŶ඼Ǽٵġ
ѹŶˣԺר׭
һȰѵЩŶ
Ŷϰ忪ļе͡
ҵʽеţֻܿʮ򡣡
ʮ򡣡
ɣʮھӵķϣһڼۣʮ򡣡
̲סüͷ
ȻЩŶǼٵģƷеģЩƷͲʮˣοЩٻȻִƷҲǾƷ۶ֹʮ
ЩŶϰͲǳġ
ʵϣЩŶϰֹǲģǵĸյЦġ
֪ճµĸ鴫ȥ֮⼸жר󹺷
ֺҪϣǿ϶һһǮûǮľټǧСҼ֮ܶ߿ա
յã˭Ǽʮ򼸰ļ۸ĺֱӾͰЩˣôȻһⶼûɡ
ΪǵĲ⣬תһ룬԰ôܲ⣬ڹֿĵˣ׬Ĳࡣ
ǲĥףƮˣǼٿ鼸ǧӬͷСˡ
֮԰Ѽ۸񺰵ôߣ׸ԩͷһ׬ϼʮ򼸰
ȻǾЦˡ
ʲôء
һ㶼ùŶġ
óʮ򼸰ܿЩǼٻ
ԷҪܳɹֱӰͷšߡ
Ф˽ʱȫɾ˵һߣк˰ɣǵһ̸
գФǰһϰɡ
Ȼôᣬ˲òࡣ
յ˵ͷʲô𣿡
ФԭͷպúһĵģҪæֻʱͷֻ˵˵зۣһȥ
ˡ
һѧѡ
ûз
ֻܼ֮ǰĸ߼۱˲ԡΪԹЩѾûзˣǸͲš
ָֻľϵǶѹŶ˵Щǣϲĸ
ǣ
Фһ˲
Ҫ֪żܣϰټŶ
ˣ
Фɻûж룬³ؿȻһ۾һ»پ۱衣
ָǸ۱ʵϰ壬Ǯ
գ»پ۱裬һ򡣡
һһ򣿡
Фʧ
Ȼæջ֡
Ȼû뵽Ȼô
ĿһϣǰһֻһС˺ࣺܶǡأ
գκնһʮ򡣡
Фɣ
ǲǲ

תƿ򡣡

Ʊʮ򡣡

Фһָ߰˼û뵽۸˵ĶҪʮ
˶ľˣճµع顣
ֻһεϰ壬Щ̫ˣû΢һķ
ģֻߵ̨棬óӣҲɱﵡ
ȴǸĳŹƣʮ򡣡
ͣ
һԵ̲סˡ
ǿ׷յ·ˣ֮԰ǰЩŶļ۸񿪵ôߣΪ˸˿ѹʵҪ۵ľĹŶ
Ͼڱһĸ߼Ź֮ٿ۸Ƚϵ͵Ķ˿ͺײһУ߹
ҲûٸˣŹƣôǵǹһһֱղڹҲ棿
ԭ̬Ⱥ̫ԣסФҲˡ
ŶǵóŹƵƬڻڸʷ̿ء
һԵļŶϰ״ˡ
ɣϷˡ
յȻ֪Щһ㶼ǿҴˡ
ֱӴмǸӣǿͭʮ򡣡
һΣѣФֱӾ͵ˡ
سͭ浽һ̶ͭûУţ
±֮࣬ФɿյĿֱӾͱˡ
ȴܸˣΪǹڸФƭ
Ȼһܻ᳹׻ˡ
￪֮ܰЩȫȰˣоǾٺòˡ
Ȼ˳ִһӣ⣬ʮ򡣡
Цˡ
ô£ջͰǵɵˣôһҪģǧ򶼴ס
ֻǾʱ۽ǵ⿴˷ֱߵŻֽ
һ룬ͫһŻû˵ڵĻҲӲ˻ȥ
Σ޵Ϣ
ǿԼ侲˵Ӳʮеˡ
գ
Фɣ
Ŷϰ壺
ǲϹһ֪ǲƷ
Ȼ򶨵򣬻У⼸Żֽ͸ͷô
˳ָŵķ򿴹ȥüͷһ
ʵЩֽղ˳ַġ
ɲԵ޹ҪЩֽ
ͬˣ
뵽ԥص˵ͷɽ
⻰ûס
Ȼûв´ĸ֪Щֽļֵ
ȻͿִӳóһСֳֽһͭϣҪһڼʮҲһЩֽ

ϢˣԴֱӵ˲˹ģҪҪҪ
漴һֽڳŹϣأ
һ̵ɣȫҪˡ
һڹŶϰ壺
Фɣ
ղ˭˵ĳŹڹҲŵģ
ֵܣҪǱգգۣ


50 
ȵȡ
Ǹ, ֻģôǱ
ҹӦЩѾ°, ôǮ
ۿŷյ־ҪŵǸֵİתƿ֮, ФɵĶĳˡ
æҵסһ㣿
ڵǲɷǸƭˡ
Ϊֻɷոˡ
ȻôղŻϵƭȴȰҪͷ
뵽, ŷգФֻͷƤ飬ӲͷƤ˵Ǹϰ, ǶͨĴѧ, ϵǮҲ, 㿴
֪ջû, Եֱһ𣺡û£Уҽʱյĺûлꡣ
Ŷ
üͷһ
յĺûлꡭ
Фɣ
ФֻԼϥǺͱһ
Уѧ, ƾʲôõƶĴ, õȴǵ͵ĸ裿
ֻܺᣬҡҡ, һ㰡
ŷӦ
, ٿĻֽ, Ļ֪ܲնԻֽļֵʵһء
ͺܶ
ΪΪ, ÷ǸŵƭǮƭӡ
ΪҪ©ȴ֪ڷǸӡ
Կ˲䰲
һڹŶϰʱ̹ˡ
˵ʲô, ˵֮ǰΪϷŪհ
ҪȻô֪ЩŶǼٵ, ȴǿֹ
ϾкϷˡ
뵽, һڹŶϰһգգĿˡ
֪ȷӦķǷա
ʵЩŶ㻹Ҫ𣿡
ŷӦ
Ȼյ˶ӣѪ׬
Ҫ֪ǿЩֽɢĹΣ֪ҪҶƷֽҪϲ֪ٱ
ҵƷֽļ۸ɴûеڹһš
Ҫǣյ˼һһţҲǺģȻвٵֻֽ
ʲô˼侪ϲ
뵽˲Ͱʲôʲôȫ׵Ժȥˡ
ֱӵɴ۾ŲӺţϾ͸Ұֺ绰Ҳ
⻰ФɺһڹŶϰĶЩԾˡ
ôͻȻ͹ɵʼԼˣڲڣ
Ȼ׼Ȱ˵ʱѾɾͳֻˡ
ϰæǾȻȥˡ
ѾȲҪһЩֽˡ
ҲΪֺ嶼ڱʡǸϹǺˡ
˵ֱ꣬ӱǶѼٹŶŻûзӦФɣ𼱻ǵˡ
ԶԶФɳ𾪵ĻԲۣˡ
һڹŶϰ壺
˵õԼأ
˵õϷŪأ
Ҫǡ
˵õļٹŶأ
վȻĿӵһԩͷһӾһ򣬶ҿԩͷļƣȻܼչײ֪ٸһ
һڹŶϰ壺
ͺᣡ
Ȼ̲סĥˣΪʲôϵ
ѵΪЩֽ
ȷпܡ
ֻ˵˻ʮ򼸰ȥ׭ģɴû˵׭ҲôֵǮġ
ԭƶ뷨˲Ͷҡˡ
ܲΪյЩŶ
뵽̲סؿ˲żϵЩŶ
ѵǵ۾ôϹ
뵽Ƕʱ˶ˡ
ҲһȻĻЩŶʮȫˡ
˼״漴Ӧ˹һ䡮˾֮Ҳ׷׳˼ۡ
ҳʮ򡣡
ҳʮ򡣡

ЩȻҲȻѲ׼ЩŶ٣ǳļɲߡ
ǳļҲѾ֮ǰ˲١
Ϊڵļ۸㣬ջС׬һʡ
û
ֱӰ˰֣ˣ׼ЩŶˡ
Ҳû뵽ԼȻôӭ˿ź졣
ʵϣЩֽһŵĳɱҲŲһǧǮ
ֱ֮ӦļۣҪִг
ȵֻֽ״ȥ֮϶ҪǼ۵ġ
ʱʮʱҿ˴ŶҪᡣ
ҲúЩϰ島ƤˣԺɴͶͽһŶͻֽԣֽ͹Ŷˡ
֪ôһ˵ЩŶϰʱˡ
ʣʾǺڣ
Ϊִڵĸо
ؼԽָоԽǿҡ
ȴѾĥˡ
ʵϣϣѾѼͷ׭зˡ
˵򵥲򵥣˵Ҳѡ
˻鿨ķĽ˷׭·ȷܹӣͨʽдӡֽͬʱܷŴֽ
оΪѾĩʱԿеٵÿ
յĽ취Ҳܼ򵥴ֱ鷿һȻֱʯὫʯй¶ȫε鷿
⣬͵øл˹İˡ
ϾǰһϵɲЩ
ȻûоԣǷѾ϶ԼʵѾɹˡ
Ͼеġ
Ӧ˫ϲˡ
ȻˣǲӦҸ˷һԼĺ顣
Ŀֱֱ˸ڵС¥ϡ
˵üûˡ
뵽ղЩ
ҲʱһӸڵС¥￪˳ȥûпĻʻŵ˺Ȼһӵɷ
Ŷ
ǶϾ͵ڱ
նʱסˡ
Ȼֱܵ¥ϴ˸裬õϲһԡ¶˳˸ӣȻһâ˸ڵķš
ʩԣ
ʩôҲû뵽Źȥ̶һڵʱ䣬վʹһݱһС̫
ŨҵһţʩԶܸܵõ
ʩԵĺֱӾͲرü
ҪǣԷڵΪʩԲŶԷῴݡ
Ǹʮˡ
ܵħǰй䡣
ɫʲô
ǲ֪㣡
ԼѾ˻ġ
ȻΪӦ̫ܶҵĽڡ
뵽ʩԵ˲ɺתڡ
һ룬ʩԱһžµ˷š
ֻеâꪣʩҸղ·һҵ꣬ҵâĲ͵㳢
ȻֺϲöѾˡ
ԷյĿļֱǲԶ
뵽ʩֻüͷ˵Ѿˡ
Ȼû˵˼Ѿˡ
֪վȻĲЦ˵˭أ
ʩԣ
ͺˣ
һеᣡ


51 
ںһ, ʩԲ侲
ѹĵǹ˵ɬҪֱӹš
ΪԸֺ޳֮ͽֱĮ򵥵Ľ취
ռ״, æֵſϡ
ŵʩʶͣеĶ
ѾˣԴŻҵ˷յ
ʩæס˷յ֣û°ɣ
һ, ʶԼʲô
ʩԣ
գ
ʩʶ̧ͷȻϷ΢üͷ
ʩԣ
ʩһ, ʶֳ
һû
Ϊշ־ס, һһ߿һָͷ˹ġ
ʩԣ
Ҫ, Ϊס֣ϵԴԴϵͨοɺԵľ
͡뵱è, , ֽУҧβתȦȦ
ʩԻһ˿ǡ
ȵȡ
ʲô
˷յ, ߳ŭ, ء
ղ, û˷䣬˳㱧ס
˵û, ɷǳȥһʱӦòİɣ
ʩԣ
ɷ򡯳ȥʲôϵ
ŷӦյʲô˼
˾Ȼǹɷ򡯳ŵʱҹġ
޳ܣ
뵽, ʩ, һ, Ϊձ˻, ԷϺŵζҪǮƵ꣬ӣֻԼĹͷˡ
һġ
Ҳķһ㡣
ԲʩԷӦɿʩԣȻһðɣʵǺ㿪Цġ
ʩ­ڵè쵽һ롤ֽ굽һ롤ҡҧβתȦȦתһ롤ԣ
ˣ
ȴǲŲæΪһƲһƣװģҿ˿ʵҵèģϲèˣֻһֱûҵģ⼸ҵĻèǾҼſ·һ۾ϲˡ
ˣҵèأ
ʩԣ
Ӧǿѹĵ׵ķŭŽɵĿŷա
ô£
վȻ֪ħֻèı塣
һ۾ϲʲôġ
ȿȣ
ʩٴĳ˵
ܾʲôطԾ
ЦҲܿ
Ȼնô˵ˣҲǿˡ
վֱ壺ǳȥȥˣҲ֪ʲôʱ
˵ֱ꣬ӿ⣬Ϳ͵ļơ
տʩԣ۵׺ЦǺðɣҾȻȥˡ
ȻֱӰâʩպԿݵĵķϣһèҪǻˣܸܲҪп˿棬Ҹ׼˺ܶСʳâꪣСɣ̣ǳӡ
ʩԣ
ȻӦѾתǾô˵ˡ
ȵµʱѾʧʩԵ
ʩѾŪͿˡ
ڿЦ
ֻΪϲè
ֻˣ
뵽ʩҧһâꪡ
âͦóԵģ
ȵȡ
âꪣ
ʩŷȻ֪ѷ͸Ǻâꪳˡ
ԻЩδ
˷֮ǰ˵Ļ׼˲ٵСʳâꪣСɣǳӡ
ҪǣΧĸоֱҪ̫
뵽ʹģʩԾȻЩ⶯èҲһð˳
ֻһ룬Ķ
У
ǸħôΪԼԭأ
ҷտǸи֮򡭡
뵽ʩ˲ʹ⡣
ǰСʱ֮һֻèһ˵Сӣèèشս˸ڵĹŶ꣬Ȼ͵͵̽Դ
չȻڹ̨ǰ顣
ǸӦʲôһ룬̧ͷȻЦˡ
֪Ÿֵջʧȥ֮ǰļ䡣
һЦèǹɷĻĸоʱ͸Ũˡ
һͰͷ˻ȥ
Ϊˡ
Ȼ˷յĻ𣬿
è
è˲ͣ˽Ų
һء
Ҫǣˡ
뵽תݣȻԭһţϹֱ̨˽˷յĻ
Իèҷ棬ʩʲôϵ
ֲ֪ݣֲյӡ
ֵ飡
뵽èڷյı˸ͼԼ¶մֱӰͷ˷յĻ
ټϷ°̲ͣס
ѹЩèԼҸʺ١
ѹħ˶ϲ¯
ȵȡɲУϾǸħ
뵽Ļèһҧס˷͵ߵСɣ˳βյ
ռ״Ц
Ҳæź򻢰è˳Ľ׭ʱʿ緢һ£ʡһµؾ
ݽߵĽ죬ؾĳֶʿ˵콵ء
һʱ֮䣬ʿʿԼͬӿ˱ʡ
Ҳڵһʱ䱻ؼ˻ȥﻹ˵ʲôֽ
ղûȥ֣ϾûʲôȺҪˡ
ϾֱӾͰͱδҲ̫ˣҲ˺ܶȤ
ĻʩԲԸ׽Ͼٶ
ÿͺϰһϾŵϾŵ׼ʱȥԱٸ߸ߣǲףruaǲԱһ˯
÷ʱ޿̶ԼǸĹ˵ĸоһǴʵ֣Ϊڷʯ֮ϣèصظһٶʯл
뵽չϾıԡ
ǵϣڿӵķͻȻӻè°ͣ˵ҷ˵ɷ򾭳ҹ顣
ճѵĻè۾һ
Ϊɳȥȥˡ
֪һ˵Ҳ϶һˡ

è˳ӦһŷӦۣ
һʱ֮䣬èҲ֪Ǹ˵ˣǸͬ
뵽èķյ壬ʾο
֪һ˵˺֮ȥôϾ˳ôÿ
è
èֱӾͱըˡ
տ˵㿴иԣ˵ҲиԣǼֱһ԰
ͣұǸеСΪұߣģӦҲ
˵ֱ꣬ÿ·
ڻȩ̀צֱ˷յĸϡ
è
è
è
èβֱ
һʱ֮Ժֻʣһͷ
͡е̡jio


52 
⻹Ҫġ
Ҫ, æ׼ջjiojioʱ򣬷ȴһץסİjiojioĸϡ
ĩ, Цʵôָлɣ
Ҳһϲİɣ
è
ϲϲֻ֪Ѿκ͸ˣ
jiojioòԼˡ
ȵȡ
ʲôطԾ
èƴѹеǷǡ
ԡ
Ұ㵱ֵ, Ȼң
뵽, è۾ŭɷա
Ȼ˵һװˮܱˣȻȥ˵ô
è
˼˲ֱ˻
ӡӾӡȻҪʪջ
èʶһǸʱ÷jiojio, Ȼֻè˲һֻèͷˡ

ûûûû뵽Ȼôһˣ
ˣԼװû, Це˵ҲܺöԲԣ
è
桢ǣ
ȥèԼҪըˡ
˷jiojioȻֱӴӷȥ
jiojioеüβƽˤ
ŻèĶӵĳ̲סЦ
Ȼֱվ, ׼ɡ
ϾǸ, ˵ȥĻóȥˮһҪ
ֻҪ֪ļƻ֮󣬻᲻⣬ǵȻǲܵ, Ͼ·ʪ˵, ſ϶᲻
ǧ㶼û㵽, ڷˮư׼ԼˮʱͻȻһŲ
˺Ȼ˹
˲ѣ磬쿴Ҹʲôö
գ
ֻ÷ˮưǲμؾˣ
˹ԡ
һ˵ţһߴӴͳһʯ׭ͷ
ؾҵģ
˹ȥԵϵЩʯֻ¾Ͳһٿˣ˹ԴԴϵ͡
ô࣬㲻ǰؾҵĶȫ˰ɡ
ȻûС
˹ĵĲˣǲ֪εؾԴжḻʯкܶµĶҩ԰ڣ
Ͻȥ˾ûпֳġ
ֻ˵˹üͷɵ
ΪҲνؾеʿеһԱ
ؾһųٿͨֻгͨ˲ܽؾ
ؾͨޱȣңɸѡѡʱҲ֮ԭûġ
Ҳ֪ǴĶõͨ
Ҫ֪ʱΪֻǺڣ˶ȥμεؾȥϾؾǸոշֵģû֪Σճ̶ȵжߡ
Ҳ֪ʲôʺˣΣҵһζŵر֮ΪֱӽǰڣһԾΪһеĵһˣҵԴҲԶˡ
Ҫǣ˵ؾһĻȡ
վͷǰҲ˵ˣͬĸĵܵܵŮʵϣĸȥ֮׾Ȣһϱ
˲ҵϵʵǿһ̫ϳϵŮҲ˵۹ϵλ̫ϳϵĵϵλ̫ϳȻ֧յġ
Ϊˣ˹λһֱûеõȷϡ
ֺ͵һ𣬾ʱˡ
˹ûа˵ˡ
ֻ˵ֻϧǣؾһο˵Ҫȵʮ֮ˡ
ҲһҲջķᡣ
ȴüͷôԴңǱߵܴӦ
⻰˹ɫ˽
ʵϣδߣҵҲ̫ù
ΪֻŮѣҵϵΪǵԴϵΪͬϵȴ֦ͷ˷ˡ
̫չգһЩķΪǰûٱЩ˴Żᳰ⣬ĸѿϾҵˣ򣬶ҵѣΨһûԮҵ˼ңʵԹ޵ġ
ҪȻһҼŮıڣôֻܵһССĺʿ
ȻҲΪղҪԴΪֱ˹Դ˹һ㣬ҵӾͻѰ
ڲһˡ
û£˹˼ˣЩԴֲǼ巢ģԼؾҵģҽؾͨԼģǾ˵Ҳñȥ
ҵԴչ֮ء
⻰̲סЦЦΪǰļܿ˹ôʻӣҲã׾ͰԼùϵ
˵Ҳ̫ˣˣǰʱҸմһʸлء
ȻˣЩлѾòˣʩԼʱһٶʯ
ڱŰ״̬
ͺܽ
뵽Ц
֪˹ϵЦȴһŷգ۾֪Ҿ͸㡣
ΪΨһѪԵϵˣȻˣЩѾ߷Ĳ㣬ΪΪĹϵǰû⵽˵ĳ˵ǽиŮıãǸʵϣûаն٣һֱһ
⻰㶣˵ͷ⣺á
˹ʱüЦȻŷվߣ˵ЩˣҸ˵λڼϢ죬ȻҾҪȥչˣҶѾˣǽȥ㳡Կ㣬ȻȥͨϷȥ̫Һ࡭ھͳɣ
ֻ˵аɣ
һҪȥջʩԵ顣
գ
ܸܲ˹ҪȥţûʱȥԷɡ
ô죿
һʱ춼Ӧ˹ˡ
Ҫȥʩԣ
ҲǲУϾո׳һôףƤôҪʱţŹܺߵԭرը
ҲӦøʩһ侲ʱŶԡ
뵽հĵظ˹ȥ㳡˸ͨ
һߡ
˷һҲûȵʩԣ
κģ۵׹źȦȴ˸Ż⣬һȭͷͷϡ
ˣˣ


53 
ջ֪, ߸˵شһЩСԣȻֱڶȥ
ɲɵǣڵĴÿţʩԺһɹ̫, һ߲
ǰһ, ӿ˽Ų
ͬʱ, ʩҲĴ, Ȼֱ˴, ил˸
һ, ڷһֻż̤żʱѵһ, ŽıǼˡ
գ
һ˲, ʶ̧ôţʩ
ʩֱӻԺȻҡһ, ׼
ھ, ﻹ˯š
ͺһǺ岻õ֣
Ժֱû˶ҲʶʲôطԾˡ
ڴ֮ǰڲ֪ϵų, ʩԶûˤ, ô֪֮󣬷أ
ϸ룬վͲµԭ
͹˲ˣҿ֯ԣϡʩ, ˵, ҲǹʳԵ, ҪұͻȻ, ȻҾͱȥԷȥˣҾҪһʱ侲һ¡
⻰ʩԵĴ̲סҲ
ô˵ٷյ̬Ǻܲġ
Ҳǲԭ
ȵȡ
ʲôطԾ
ʩĴһ١
ԷΪʲôҪ飿
˵Ϊʲô֪Ϊʳ
ѵڷյ֪ӦöҪ׷һ֪𣿣
Ͼֻǰˡè
ֻһ
ǾǷմһʼ֪è
ʩԣ
Էһֱƭ
ԼҲɵ˵
뵽ôΪ˲ո°ͣӣצצβ͡
룬ڷնˡ
ͣ
ʩֺ࣬ͽŶ֪Ķˡ
һߵġ
һġ
ˡ
Ҫ
ȻȻ
ʩ˵ȥˡ
ͺ
岻˵֡ûһں岻õ֣
ǱϾĿķǺͷյĺ޳ܶǾٷǹ̴ġ
뵽ֻҧԼʩ˸˷յ
û
һĳôӲ
Ժʼûжô죬ֻ˵˼Ѷſڣͻȥˡ
Ȼ˶Ͱ͵͹ȥ
û취˭ء
ΪһϹӲǱرļܡ
Ҳ֪ʩԵԸ಻һڣ͸ˡ
Էʼˡ
Ͼ֮䱬ìܣܽдǽдΡ
ʵϣʩԾסˡ
Ϊ֮ǵ±عˡ
ԭԭҪһֱŻع⣬Ϊʱֵ˹ͻڵĹͷ˹ͷΪƻĽ˳ȥ˹ȻΪңʧܡ
ͲסǸС֮
ԭմԽʱ򣬾ΪԭݱܳŪϺմ˹ΪؽվһҶһԴֱ䳰ȷһͨ
Ϊ⣬ĸˣһ㷭ȻؾƮˣһ߹߹֮ŮĸŮһߴ˻δޣŲ
ЩˣȻʲ
ãҲΪսվһҶһԴ澡ʧҲǨŭˡ
ΪֺȹԼĵλ񵱼Ҳ˲ˣͷؾǰգһȥģ벻˷ֶѡ
ҪѾˣµ˵ֻһ£ͲסڷջţʮʮİΪˡ
ο񻹻ĺӣӣҲ˵ոʧٵʱϵģǸʱǿɶΪѾˣҲ˵ջûأ˾Ѿ㵽һȥˡ
֮һһɲôġ
ͲһĶˣ
һʱ֮䣬ֱӵ˹ȵס
ҲûõĶȥֻͬ˶ڱ￴Ц
ϵĽַھӲ˵ոճôķͷڶۺͬС
ҺҾ͸˵ˣ˼иŮױãֻǸϵȴû˸۸ͬ˹ҵԴӼȻҲûӡ
֪֮˹ʱըˣȻ˲֪ͨգҹֱὣͳ˳ȥ
ֱ͵Ϯ˸׵˿
֪˹ʲô
ˣҵֱӽ˷պĻϵ
ȻʩԾ͸סˡ
Ϊ̫Ҳ˷ա
Ȼʩ͵͵ڵĶһֱÿ˷յĴţȻ󡭡ս˶
֪Ĳ̫ʵñһõģ
Ҹ˵һԶŮʮرƯȻ飬ǱƭˣеŴǰȴģŸˣǼĶŮĸһ˿һҴ˾ԼҲڴҵϸ¸ոյһڵʡôҪҪȼһ
ˣûⷽĴ㡭
ʩʱ̹ˡ
ŷӦ
ȵȡ
ûⷽĴ㡭
ô죿
ʩԵȻ֪Լ뷨ܲԾ
ڸǿЩʱ
ʱͻˡ
ҲʱͻȻһ
ʶʲôʩԵͻȻ
򿪴ţվŵĹȻǷա
ֻŵĶҺһ𣿡
ҹйеһȾơ
벻ɷյͼѡ
οʩԿǸħ
Ҫֻܾû뵽˵Ļȴǣð
ʩԣ
Ӧʱ򣬷ѾѳԵĶںˡ
ʩҲûˣľĻǺǿģֱ˷յĶ档
ռ״Ųæĸһơ
һ¶ǣʩֱӺһֻ
¶ǣʩ˷ߡ
ı¶ǣʩһСİһˮ˷ϣҹ¶أղòѵ˱ˮ͸·
ơûеˡ
ΪʩѾڷˡ
Եڶʱ˶µġ
˵õǸħأ
ħƽ硭
ԭǸħ
ʩԣ
ͷҲġ
ҪȻôͣʶղŲ£ͺ˻ء
ºˣЩֵ֪֮󻹲֪ôЦء
Ͼħоڡ
ˣھǺҲѾˡ
뵽ſڷջʩĬĬһֵµĸȻǡͦġ
˵һͣͺܾõΪȻͻȻһͻ˽𵤺ڡ
ѹЩħϲ¯
ͻȻһ⡣
ǻͷǷأɱΪϲϾǲʶ¡
ԷΪʲôԶˡ
Ϊ˱
Ϊ˽ƣ
ǵҪѰҴ̼
һ˲䣬ʩԾԲ˼ʮɡ
Ȼ˶ˣϵĶ˲١
ͺ
Уܲί
ʩһҧ
ռȻҴ̼ҵͷϣƾʲôܰѷյ¯
뵽ʩֱץס˷յŰ֡
⹷˲ɲɣͲħ
Դһ֪ķգ
Ǻźʱʩջʧˡ
ΪͻȻӵһ롣
һȻдţϰ壬Ƕֽɽй˧ҺСվ֮УԵĻϣǣºر
ֱ塣
Ҫ˵
ؾ֮˻ֽ飬ȻȲЩֽҵС塣
Ȼвأ׭ؼ
ӵеʱҲķţС˽֮⣬óľǷ׭һ
Щֽ׷Ȼֱӱסˡ
Ϊƽʱ׷ʧʸߴٷ֮ʮ»ֽ֮ʧֱӽ˰ٷ֮ʮΪ»ֽ׷ȻԶƷֽġ
ؼﻹסСС
ϣͻȻӵҵԮѶţ˵ɽй˧
ǵ֪֮ɽֻ˧ǱӡģԭֻһֻҲ֪Ķ֪ĴڣҪշԷʳðͻƣȻͷɹͻ˹˧
˧ʵжǿ
Ҫ֪ʮǰҾǲ㱻һֻ˧塣
Լֻ˧ոսˣҲܹԸ˵ġ
ǻˡ
׼ȷ˵ǽӵѶϢʿˣرʡִԴҵ˹
ȻǹȻɽ˧ɱ˸ˮ
ͷƴеķ֣ȵĻᡣ


54 
, Хɳ죬źɫɽ˧ն, ɫ˿ӵ»ɳ, û֮С
ۿɽ˧ĺԽʵ, Сһ
̫, ٹСʱԷϵƾͻת
֪, ɽ˧֮ڲǶ֣Ϊ֪, ҪǺӲƴ϶˵һǧ˰١
Ҳ֪, ǵԮһʱҲϲŸ޼ɵǶš
һʵָضһʱɱǣԱղŵһ֮
뵽ڳ˶ʱͻ, Ҫ֪ʡڵеʵʿǶˣȵʡʿϹ, »ƻ˶ˡ
Եǰ˿˵ǷֿӰɡ
, ɽڲûա
С
ʱͼˡ
һǷֿܣɽ˧Ҫ׷ɱĿ϶, ʱǵ³ֻ·һ
Ͼε¶ģڴ֮ǰ, Ҳɽ˧
⻰, Ļ֪ܲ˴ʲô⡣
ϲ¶һ˿ŭ
֪ɽһ, ȴΪһ˽, ûеһʱ֪ͨ壬ͻƹ˧󺦵ǻվ
˹̲סЦ˵ҪյõɽйϢʱҲһͺˡ
Ϊһҿ϶ͲΪ˽ֻ˧ѡա
Ҳ֪ŭˣҲҷΪΨԴһ֮£ѡܡ
תͷֶ˵ô𣿡
СɫһΪȻڹ⽫ìתƵϡ
ʵϣɽ˧һˣοոսûãֻҪԮнΪ
ĩʱӵнΪ˱ͷëǣοʡ֮ڣ΢еʿڿɶˡ
ϵյҪǷûнΪҪڴԵͷϡ
ֻ˵ҲʲôΪҿ͸ʵ
˵յʵ֮ϡ
ȻЩ뵽ġ
˵˶١
ΪڵʵҲڣ⻰ʵҲûʲô˵
뵽Ϊ˰ģֻǰѻֽ͸¶ˡ
ΪڲӣܶǴ䣬ʮ֮һսǱߣ롣
һɽ˧ߣҪץɾˡ
õİ취ǽǣȻȴԮ
ҺС֮ǰõķ׭Ƕ˰ɣõĻֽǳλǰֻֽ֣֮ķ׭ͨ׭ֹҲȻһλܡ
ҪǣҪûʵôҴӦǡ
⻰˹Ȼǰһ
ϾղСĳȥЩ׷ǿۼġ
̲ס˵ǾͺãǾͺá
˹Ҳһ
ԭѾ׼лȥĻᣬȻٺò
뵽ҲԶ
ɽһߣȴǼˣô£ôˣ
󣬺Ȼվ߰˸ʿ
Щİ֣оա
ʵϣ黹Ҫؾҵ˴Եһͻ˵
Ҫ֪ϲСӣ߾ȫ£ڵΪҲŲڡ
ټڲƴ֣ʱ£˲еĳϣҵն˻Լ
ΪؾгʱóЩԴʵؾ֮еõԴĶʮ֮һ
ϾҵĹ涨ӵؾ֮ҵԴҪϽķ֮
Ǯɲ
뵽˰Դȫ˴֮⣬Ȼ˵̽顣
Լ⼸Ϊ飬ɨأвѡվһߣȻҲΪЩ˱ͷ
Ҫǣһºҵļȡ
һ߾֮ԼϵҲʸսģʱȻ˭ʤߣ˭δ
һôõĻġ
ֱӾͼˡ
ΪˣڵõɽйϢʱŻһʱ뵽ɽȹĵλ
ǲ֪ǣߵͽ
֪²Ե͸˹
Ҳ֪Լ˼򲻹һȻҲֹǣֻܸż
û뵽ǣͷɽȻɹ˹˧
ͻȻ⣬Ҫ벶ȸں󣬵ȵ˺ɽ˧ܾ˵ʱٺȻ֣Լɽ˧
뵽Լӵһ˧ΪֻѪҺˡ
οԮϢȻ˹Ҳˡ
뵽̲ס׵۽ǡ
⣬ɲ˹Ľ
ȻʱҲ˹ֻҪһ뵽ȻһŮ˲˽ŵףʲ
ԭĥҪô˹أû뵽˹ȻԼ
뵽ܿ˹ɽ˧£Ϊͼҵשߵĳʱ͸˷ˡ
ôҲû뵽˺ɽ˧ͻȻͣˡ
Ҫǲƴһô©
ʱͼˡ
ҲʱʴͻȻƮһƣɫԽԽ
Ȼһ绮Ƴա
¡
á
Сɫһ䡣
һؼɽ˧ȻҲָظ졣
Ȼһ䣬ӵ»ɳۿɼٶˡ
ϵľżѹƲסæֶλǰжܸϵ
æմһ绰ϧ˽
ĺʱ˰֡
ǿԼ侲˵ǰæŸϹԹ˲Ͻӵ绰
Ҳɵس˳οԼҲοˣû
һ̣ûܣİձ¶צ֮¡
ǹаοɲУС嵱ϣȥǵѪſй˵˧ˣԺΣ
˹ͲµСͼ˵ҲˣôҪƣҲֲá
Ŷ
⻰ɽ˧Ȼ˶
ΪȡٶȹȻ
һĻرԴҲ˵ֻҪŵԺɱ޹ǾܹгģԵĻƸΪ
ĩʱ޳ɹ˧ĶϵѵɽҶûбѹƵ£ɱҲΪʲôǽӵԮѶϢ֮ͺԥضɽ˧Ҫԭ
𣿡
ɽ˧ֳһȤӡ
ԴȻ񴦿أϳйˣȱĸֻҪԸ⣬񴦱ضɨӭ
ܲ
ɽ˧ƺЩ⶯
ҲǸɵģҲ˵ңǵĴֻҪԸԭǣԸ⳥ǧ飬ǧʯ
ǧʯ
ɽ˧˫ۡ
ֱɽ˧Ķˣ˵ûһ̫ΡƹЩɶǰֽ޼ֻ֮ҪԸԺҵԴضɸȡá
û뵽ҾȻֺö
ɽ˧Цˡ
Ͼھ粻ȣǼŵرʱ
ôһ˵ڳĪǰһ
ܲ׽һֻҪһλ˧Ҳĺ°
˷ܲѡ
Ҫɽ˧ĳҵĹ
û뵽ǣһ룬ɽ˧ĻһתǳлṩôõϢˣˣղ˭ҵʵʵţ
ûܹ衣
˵ʱһȫԵɱֱ֮ȥȡˡ
Ӹ£ϾһȺ϶ѡ
ҪշңҲ䣿
⻰޲һ
ǴʧɫĻں档
ֻɽ˧ֱӾ֣ܿ죬һ̺Żصĺɫ۳͡
ȻǶˡ
Դˣͫһѿڶȵȣ㲻ǻûлָ
û
ΪһѾ֮Уɽ˧װס
ǽ¡
Сһŷֵʴǰķ֡
˳ѹɽƻûлָ¾Ͷ֡
ɽЦôʱ䣬ҳûȳ²𣿡
ŶˣǲڵԮɽǱ߾һȺСඣǿɸûоǵĴ㡣
һ룬ɽϵЦһգһؿˣڣȥɣ
һĻСĪĵһ
ѵҪ
˹һ㱡
Ҫˣĸô죬ô죿
磬ҪˣȺ޳֮ͽ֪ô۸ء
֪һ룬߾һϤãʱϵˡ
˹
ⲻѵ̫Բ˻
һ룬ֱӴĻ㱣ϰ壬ˣ
˹̧ͷֻվǵǰһһ߽ϻı͡
˹ˣ磿
˸£˵ǰ
ϾտҲͶʮӡ
ʮܣ˵ȥ˭Ű
ɽ˧ҲæתʹЦеľһɨգһֱڵȵԮɽǱߵȺСء
ˣҲö˵ϻǲСඣ֪֮ˡ
°Ϊĵһʵս
⻰СҲѵ侲ûҪ֪
һλء
뵽ǲս˫ȭ
ɽ˧ЦˣһݣҾͳȫ㣡
˵꣬Ӱ˲ʧԭء
һ룬ֱӳ˷ǰ
ͫһȻû뵽ɽ˧ٶȾȻô죬ֿǰʵ۱ְֽ̳ģݵز࿪㿪
ǲһɽ˧˲˻һƹ˷յš
ڷոܣֻ̧ӭȥ
֪Ƹһӣֻһ׹վֱӵ˳ȥݺݵ˵ϡ
ˣ
жͰˣôŷǸܡ
ǵɫ˲Ͱˡ
ɽ˧Ҳһ£ӦһΪʲô£⣿
ԭ˵Сර磬Ѿ̧ˡ
գ
ҲеҲס
Ϊ⻹Ĺ
ˣ֮ǰѾʩեˣ


55 
ڵĵյ, Ȼɽ˧һƶӲס
Ȼе㶪ˣ
Ƿתһ룬ȻҲܹʩԣϾʱ˶Ժյ, ﻹǵҪΡ
ҷԭֻǸ޸֮ĿѧҶ, 򲻹Ǻ
˵ˣʩե˵ͬʱ, ʩԲҲե𣬱Ͼڻڱﲹء
Ȼեɵ˼һ
Ǳסˡ
Էյ̹ȻĴӵ
Ͼǲܽ͵ģֻܵ·ӡ
˼ʱҲڷӦ, ʧɫ, ܣ
˵, Ҫ֣ɽ˧
Ȼ˵սûأڸδ̫˰ɣⲻ֪ڻࡣ
˹Ҳʶͣ˶ʶ, ոշձɽ˧˳ȥڵҳôһӣȻûôˡ
˷պɽ˧ϵʱ, ϱǵ׹⣬ȻҲԼ򲻹ɽ˧ǰԼ׼˻ķ߷׭
ô֪Լ򲻹ɽ˧, 㵹ܰ, ΪʲôҪټŭɽ˧
뵽, С˶Щˡ
Ҳ׷׾е, ׼ɽ˧ơ
յĻ, ɽ˧Ҳһֵӣڻࣿ˼ǣǷɡǣ
Ǿԭƾ㣬Ҳ䣿
˵꣬ٴξ֣˹˾ֵĿУһ̺Żصĺɫ漴ۿɼٶȱ
Ц˵ǲǸ˵̫Ҳ֪֪ϾҪˡ
Сġ
Ȼ˹˻£һ룬һȥһ˦һʲôȻֻһ׹Ѹײٶֱӳɽ˧
ɽ˧⧲׼ȷ˵û뵽վȻֱӾͱ׹УȻ󵹷˳ȥݺݵ˵ϡ
ҺɲɵǣҳǸӣȻڷ֮ǰҳǸӵԱߡ
Сˣ
еĶҲ˲ͣˡ
Ҳ
ԭĲȻҲг㣬ԲŸǵġ
뵽ĵͻȻһ˿ϣ
ֱɽ˧Ǳشӵ»صС
ͷղһϿûʲôԸոһȻ˲Сˡ
һɨ֮ǰĵ⣬һؿ׵ķգСӣҳϣ̫ˣĵ
ü
˵ͦ˵ġ
Ͼר̸ϹɲΪ˾ˣҲһ֣оǲһЩ׭ˡ
Ȼɽ˧˵̣
δҲ̫޴˵㣬ΪƾЩ׭ң
˵꣬ɽ˧֡
һٴγŷճ˹֣֮ɳ졣
ռ״Ųæٴδӿڴͳһ׭
ӻʵ۱ѧʽҲá
ֻһɵĶɽ˧Ĺһ߿ټɽ˧˶켣Ȼֱӽеķ׭һŵ˳ȥ
飡
һ׹˲ʣ˲
ⳡս䵽С˵оͱ˷մʼն̩ɽ̶̲һӵʱ䣬ɽ˧ʹԭɱڱǱֱٴαɳȥ
Ϊĳķ׭һɽ˧
˫ȭСԽԽá
ôҲû뵽վȻĴӮɽ˧
ǵþˡ
ȴ˲ϸˣɽ˧ʵøղŴķ׭һ˺󣿡
⻰ۡ
ɽ˧ѣ̲ססؿڣһѪ
ʲôɱģˡ
ֻɽ˧ȥǵѪһ룬˲УһݵؿŷգҧгݵСˣ̵ҲǷ׭֮ˡ
˵꣬䣬ϵĺ˲䱩һɸߣٴͬһöڵһŷɱ
Ҳڵһʱٴһ׭
飡
̶̲ӵʱ䣬˾ͽ˲¶ʮУյԽԽͬʱɽ˧Ҳܴظıսٺֱײٶȿƣһͨգʹ÷׭һ߿ٶ㿪յĹ
˲üͷ
Ȼɽ˧ôĿľҪĵϵķ׭
ǣ÷׭ĻӦԲɽ˧Ĺ
Ժܿ죬ϵһ׭ˣߵĿڴ˸ա
ұߣȻҲ˸ա
һĻСϵ˲ͽסˣͷɢɽ˧ȴЦˡ
ͣڿУ۷裺˵ˣ̵ĲǷ׭֮ˣûЩ׭Сආ硣
⻰Сĵһֻʣһ뷨Ǿˣ
δ䣬ɽ˧ٴλһڹ⣬ŷձ
֮УԼԿĿԽͷͬʱҲ쳹ء
ҵҪû˷׭ڻô񣡣
գ
޸֮ķʲôҲû˵ֻǲŲæذѱϵıתǰȻ
ɽ˧Ļû˵꣬ɢȥһķ׭㱩¶¹֮¡
ɽ˧ϵıֱӽסˡ
һ롪

һɲ˾뷽սвʮ׵ĵط
һķ׭
Сˣ
Ҳ᷽յĶôķ׭
ʹģСȫˢˢؿɽ˧
¿ͻȻ
ɽ˧ϵѾѿˡ
ʱ˿̣Ψһ侲ĴžǷˣæ˦һ׭˲ڸһ
ĿĵȻΪ˷ֹɽ˧ܡ
ϾĲԲŸոտһͷء
ҲΪʲôһ׭Ҫԭ
ϾһʮʵҲǺ飬οҪԵĿɲֹһַ׭
յǼֲ֣ɽ˧ѾˣϾԭѾǿ֮ĩˡ
Ͷֶֻһ䣺ںԺͻü𣿡
Сˣ
֮ǰ˭˵ģǲţ
ɽ˧ӣĻа֮ǰŵӡ
𾪵Ļں棬ֻջصˡ
ΪĲԶѾʼˣûͣĵ
Ҷ϶
ο˵ԺͣɲͶ˵ﲢģһԺҪô죬Ͼһ˧˵ʿ綼ûܹġ
Ҫǣڷе˹Ҳ˲Сˡ
Էյɫ˲
⻰ɽ˧Ťˡ
һسŷչ˹Ҫɱ㡭
ȻС˾Ŀһϵ١
ϲˣ಻Ĳҽ˯}õȬ
ֻϧǣɽ˧ΪѾǿ֮ĩֻ˲ʮŷ׭ֱӻɢˡ
ձķ׭ʣһ롣
̲סҡҡͷҪ֪һ׭ûпʼء
ֱʱС˲Żع
ⳡǰһҲͲӵʱ䣬ǵȴһɽһ
˭뵽һ˧Ȼһ³
ҪǣվȻӮɽ˧ǡ
뵽С嵱̧ȥ
ո߽ͱײһߡ
ֱֻס˷յ֣мҪǰԶɥڴˣǰľ֮û
ֻ˵⻰ʱ۽ǵȴضס˷ǰıķ׭
ȻϵЩ׭ϾЩ׭Ѿۼ֤ˡ
Ҫ֪׭ֻΪʿսĸߣǷջƵЩ׭ȴֱֱܹӻɱ˧
벻Ķѡ
Щ׭ʮа˾ǷջƵģҪȻ˭һóô׭ϾһƷ׭㶼ҪʯֽǶʮ
һ𵤴Բʿôֻ֪ԲΪ£Ϊǰ
С״ɫɵر˱䡣
Ȼ˵ˣ֪ǰմ
տüͷ΢ա
Ц˵ǻǱҰ
ֻȴǲɵһ
ΪܾЩ죬ֱӰĻ˵˳
ȴñǸһͽա
Ǹ֮ǰž¶һԴ
ʶ˵Ǿеˡ
ŷӦɲܻڷеӡ
˵ҪҲǸƷвˣ۹Ҳã˸ϲŮš
ΪǲԼ𣬱Ͼĸףֻˮˡ
ǰ϶
ҲЦˣŶǻң

Сˣ


56 
ۣ
̲סЦ
ʲôƨĵ, ˡ
Ҫǣô˵Ҳľ, Ϊĸףûϳ, Ȼˮ, Ҳǹ޳ܵġ
һ򲽽ǲ, յı˹Ҳڳأô˹Ҳǵ, ôر˹ġ
ֻ˵ĸףᰡ
뵽ڳٿĿ̲סһ˿
վȻ֮ǰǸñա
ʲô췴ת
˹Ѿˡ
侲֮, ǰ硣
ϾӡֻһûʲôҰĵĺͨʿѣΪʲ, Ϊ, ֻͨͨĹŶȵĹһӡ
ڣҲ첻, ҡһ䣬һܡ
Ӷôݵġ
ϵıѾѿˡ
գ
Ǹ𾪵Ļںء
ΪԶͻȻһ
û, ͣˡ
ŹرﴦԴʹץһȺ˻
ҪǣΪ׵˶Ϥ

ԴЦ˵֮ǰɽ˧һֱ˵, ɽǱ߲һȺСආ, Ҿ˹, ˭
ɽ˧һ, ֱӴȥץˡ
ȻǶˣձ󣬶ԸһȺڵСආǺ׵ġ
˵ɫʱѿˡ
ϾԴյǵԮѶϢ֮󣬾ֱӴ˸˹Ϊ˲
ҵĵϵӵܵãڸȴһԣĿǵ
ʲôýֺͷ뵽
ҪǣմһñȻǰûаϣڣָźͷմùϵء
ָôô
ԾԼȻƫСӣٴûпȻҪȥ
ԽԽߣֱһŰ߷˳ȥ
Ƕٶĸ߹ǡ
ۣ
ؿڣ͵һѪ
һңҲǣûС
㻹ҽƱ硣
һƣֱӰȵڵء
Ҳʱ˷գеķߺ޼ΪʵʣȻ㣿
ϾǼյģϳҲǺ顣
ôҲû뵽ˮһյģȻǷա
ŭ㲻ֻһͨĹŶϰ𣿡
ɲŷʲôܣҪȻǱһ׷ɱʱ򣬷ܱǸƵ£
뵽պ֮ĶԹҲǲɵһ㶡
㲻ǳۺ죿
뵽ĳЩԹȺڵ۾ʱˡ
һʱ֮䣬˵Ŀⶼ˷պϡ
ʱҲ侲һЩ
ΪԼڵĴ
뵽յ˵ĿֱӴһĨ׺ݡ
ҪǷգô䵽ز
ûϵҵĴУôԴǣδɲ
һ죬Ҫѽܵȫֻ
òҲ֪ʲô
Цˣ֪ĻԹˣôܷŹء
˵ǰôһñ飬ûء
΢Уҿɴûи߹㣬ֻһͨĹϰ塣
Ϊʲô£ΪµҪĶֻû뵽鴫ȥ֮ͱұƵ¡
֮ô˵ֻһܵ裬Ͼɱȱˡ
ϾĵǶģɲϣ׭鴫ȥ֮˰
˵˶٣ЦˣϾֻȵӣֻǸͨʿʲôҪԼ㣬ôãȻõҵĴС
һ䣬ϵֱӽסˡ
ѹôţԭǵõҵĴС
˻Ȼ
ȻǵɫҲˣˡ
ȵȣҵĴУ
͵תͷ
ŷӦϵĻҼڲסʲôҵĴУҸ֪˵ʲô
ڳ֮࣬Ҳɻ󣬷ô֪ҵĴС
𣿡
ЦⲻĿֱʳָϴŵĽָϣ˸ڣȻֻҵϵүүҵһϿҵĴ֮ͼƬϴŵöָһģһأ
ɫ˲Ͱˡ
ôҲû뵽վȻϵҵĴ֮䡣
Ͳ˵ˣΪжˡ
֪õҵĴУȴ֪˻ô
ˣȫˣ
һֻ̣ʣһͷ
Էǹġ
һǹ˵Ϊľýѵϵ
뵽Ťһţգ㹻ݡҵţҲŹģ
ӣĻ֪ܲ˵Ķġ
Բ˵꣬ҲڷӦ˹Ȼֱ˶ס졣
ðԭΪǳˣʵ͵ҵĴС
Ƿŭ֮漴һɿϲǿҵĴаҲ
ʱʲô壬ʲôرվڻʿ۷ֻҡ
뵽ֻûѪҺ
˵Ȼɽ˧ѾˣǾȻɣͷλǧϹ֮պ󶨵ӿȪ౨
ô˵̬Ȼ˺ģҲѹĵ׵Ĳ˵ͷ
ɽ˧鵽Ļ
Ҳǣ˹˼ҡ
ϣɽϷѸٴʿ硣
ʿֻ֪ԲΪķվȻԼķ׭ɱһ˧ˡ
ʮǰΪ֮׵ҾͲ㱻һֻ˧塣
Զڹ˧ʿ˭֮ɫ䡣
Ҿ˵ոַ׭Ƽ򵥣ɹʸߴٷ֮ʮͨƷ׭ʮеɶסˡ
ҪǷ׭ôﻹҪ¹֡
һʱ֮䣬ǰݷ÷յﲻ
ֱڶ磬˹ڴһķת֮лع
κģ磬Ҳΰɣܣ
չҶ˵绰˹ȻûҪֱ˵ǰǣԺˡ

˹һ㶡
ռ˵ˣһҪ㡣
˵ҺҴ˺ҸĻֽͷ׭Ժ󶼻ύҽ
о̫ϳɿˡ
⻰˹ֱӾסˡ
ʵϣ΢еӵģ֪ոЩ׭ͻֽļֵǲɹģ֮ǰαطСķյƨڵõҵĴ֮󣬽յлˣΪ˻ϧһ񣬰ǧʯŵرһЩƷ
ǲ֪ǰСˣϾǰؾҵԴȫ˴֮һβŻô󷽡
֮⣬ؼҡμҡرȫ˹µıһұһأֻ˻ûиϵû뵽Ҵ˺
̫ϳΪʲôɿˣýֺͷҲ֪
˹˲ۿ
ǰ˵˹Ķ־գΪжɫʵȲϼһЩϵֻΪͬĸĵܵܵŮʵǿһ̫ϳϵĵϵǵķ£˹λһֱûеõȷϡ
ռ״˶٣Ц˵ʵԭţֱ˵ҵҲУҵĲԻûɣֻҪʵ飬ҾʹӦҺȻˡ
ϾڿŰɱɽ˧ǰڵģСһ²
ͣ
һ뵽ǻ棬˹ʶЦ
Ҳ֪ô˵ֻ붺Ķѡ
Ϊô˵̫ϳҲǻӦġ
ԭܼ򵥣׭ʮǰ֮ףֻɽ˧ͻϮң˲أʵڵңΪ֮һʵʵ
ҵ˴е£ͷպΨһĳ·̫ϳ˽ģҲҷŭĽֻ̫ϳϴӦյ
൱ڷЩ׭ͻֽһλá
˹̲ס˵磬ʵɲ
Դ
ʵҲŲʮꡣ
Ц˵ǰõչңҲҳΪ֧ʱˡ
µıҲǺܷģϾֲɵ
Ű˹һˣֻΪֻôߣǱҩҲʺ˹ȻǱҩһ˵ΪᵽԲ˹ڵΪҲŲԲ
ǱҩȱҲԣǾǱҩ֮󣬾ûнĿռˡ
˹ʾѣҪǱҩԻǰ̡
ҲûǱҩĴڹȥΪǱҩĹЧʵ̫ˣɲǼ磬Ҷһס
˼ȥҲֻˡ
⻰˹̲סס˷գлл㣬硭

ҲʱͻȻһè
ʶתͷͿè˫ۿǡ


57 
Ů˭
Ϊʲôһ

ѵŮҲھӣ
֪һﲻʵ
մĴͳ, У
ԣǸŮģһǰҲŮ, ⹷˸ͬ
һ˲䣬èԺоϰٸ뷨
еŭҲԽԽʢ
գ
Ȼ֪ԼèѾ˼ʮ˳ͽ̣Ǻܺõġ
Ӧ, Ȼֱƿ˹
ɿɿһ˹
ⲻ֪һĻ䵽è, ֱӾͳ˷շǵļ鱻ײˣˡ
뵽, ֱӾըˡ
ǹʩ, ܴ󳳴, Ϊδ̫û̬ͷ緶ˣֻܰöʡ
뵽ݺݵص˷һۡ
, ˣ
, ҿ㡣
Ȼתߡ
Ҫǻ֪è, ҲͲˡ
׷ȥȵȡ
è˲ͣ˽Ų
è
ǲʲôطԾ
Ȼͱձ
èӦ, 
һ룬˵ôˣҪȥء
ôӵұ
뵽èβϵëˣ̧צӾк˹ȥ
Ȼռ˵ǽһ£ҵã˹

èצֱӽ˰С
ȻԲĴ۾ʱɵøˡ
ã
ļٵģ
ǰֻһһèǲ֪Ϊʲô, ˹Ӳᵽһ׷޻᳡ζ
, ﷽ս͵ֻ, ҷġҪȻһ¸
è
͡ͺΣ
èڰеצצսɿɿս
Ҫֻèֻ±͸˵Ҫ졣
ֻܽצצķյ죬·մʲôණһ
Ȼµջצצͺղʲô鶼ûзһֻ˫Ѿ¶ڵ顣
룬Ȼǣȫֻ䣬Ӧò֪ʲôȡ
⸱ɰСģ̲סЦҪǹ˼˹ڳֱȥ
һߣ˹ҲڷӦ磬ǣ
յ˵Ҹҵġɩӡ
ȥҲûҵʵĴʡ
ɩӣ
˹
è
èβ˲
ޣʲôɩӣһ¯
ֻȻôģβȴȻһһңһһҡ
ҷվȻûзղŸʲô£̫ˡ
˹ȴѾըˡ
˵˸èɩӣ
û뵽Ȼֹ񱡣
գ
è
֮󣬻ָʩԴ߳򶨵ظ˹кá
ڸղ˷յķϣΪѵϷһºˡ
˹á
˸ħ
⡢⻹ǹأ
Ͼʿ˭֪ħԱȿȣ˹˵ȥˡ
ħôÿ
뵽˹̲ס࿴ˡյۡ
ѾɳǿԺƽƽĵزô죿
ΪãҲ̫òֱе¡
Ҿͷպʩ֮ǹ
ֻϣʩᳵ·ذԼϲԵĺͲϲԵĲȫһߣȻؽЩȫеԼԵ
˹
һֻ̣Լ̫
˵ʲôء
϶Ÿôġ
ֻĬĬشӴһѲҩģ͵͵˷յĴ
Ȼ˹׼ȥˡ
һΪפȽϳԣ˹ˣΪ׼չسˡ
հ͵˸վ
˹˷һ£磬ģһúöߵġ
룬﷽նţٲõĺӡ
ǺļͲһˣٶԷҪĿֽţǼֱ׾ٵ顣
Ҳûоܾյĺһԭ
š
ı·עⰲȫ
˹ֱӻ˼ңȻ͵͵ط˸ڵС¥Ȼһֻ׼ϴʩԡ
ӽ⵽һʩԣ
æߴٵ
ʩԣ
¯¯
Ŷ⣺㵹ǳȥ
ȴ뷽ղûгȥֱһ
ʩͻȻһõͷ
Ȼһ˵ǲΪҳˣ
ʩԣ
˵õķո֪ʲôأ
յһĵû뵽ҾȻһˡ
ʩԣ
ʩͷˡ
¯ô壿
ʩԲ֪
ֻ̽ԵʵһЩʯ
տˣԭΪ̰ͼʯźһ𣿡
ʩԣ
ʩͷըˡ
ֻܸɰͰ͵˵ҪʲôҴӦˡ
յվֱ壬ĿƵؿһϴ
ʩԣ
⣡
Ȼе߳ܣҪ˳ɹһأǼֱٺòˡ
æص˵ͷ
ȻվЦˣ˹ȥ˳ִ˷š
Ȼʩ֪Լˡ
ɷ֮ǰһԲΪڡ
Ժܿ죬ԡʹϸϸ
쵰ȥ
ǹɣʲôҧ

˵õֻϴأ
Դˣֻ˵Ϊ첻ҳ죬߿ҵҪҡ
ʩԣ

һֱڶ磬ղŴŻﻹСĻè뿪˸ڵС¥
ԵϣԺܹһ㡣
֮ӹƽʡ
Ͼߣèϻߣʩԡ
Щ׭ԼĲԹѾȫˣǳ
ʿѾûΪñ¶ЦˣΪҲ˵Һͱ˵Щʿ𲻴Ӧֻ˵ڵΪļʿʷǰĴĻֽͷ׭˶ˡ
ڹϵЩַھӣѾ˲ϳЦˡ
ΪյĹŶ걬ˣ
ҪЩûܺͷմɺļɣֽͷ׭ȥԼо
о֮ǻʲôԶ
ҲоҲ˵ĻֽҪض䷽ֻ˵׭ķ׭ֻҪ·׭ϵ·һƵķķ׭ǽ鿨ֻרŵĿԣĻܻƣһҪƽЩеѡ
ҷҲûһֱ¢Ϸ׭ҵȵˣʱŻЩ׭ĻƷȥ
ԹˣĹŶĹؿŶͻֽͷ׭
䵽ϵЩַھͳ˻ųƱȥյĵжΪٻĹŶ
һ㣬һ͸ߴǧ
겻ſųʲôһţ궼ˡ
Բ⾫Ϻϵ˫شǻﻹ˵ϳա


58 
ҲΪ, ̫رϲܡ
֮ǰҪսܶ
ԴˣʩԲûԼ
һʱģҲû취ʾȨ, ֮ǰ̫ܶʱ, ֱӸ̫, Ϊ˻רһơ
ҪǸ˵ѾˣͻᷢѾ̫ѡ
Ͼ̫жٹ, ˲֪˲ġ
Կ̫, һĽ, èֻзջ, ƨɶǡ
ͺܱ
һĻ, ̫̲ס˵СҵĴèǳɾˡ
ǰҷʱ򣬻èȻҲ, ٲλεرֳӭӡ
ֻΪèΪҪսܶ󣬵ķԺ˶Ͳ, Թˡ
ЦЦһһƿϡ
̫ǿŻè˵һ䣺, ҽɲΪ¡
תͷա
ǰǴӲȷոϵģȻϲ󣬵Ǹϲռ˱ˡ
Ȼ̫Եһ̫̫˵һҪȵġ
̫˵Ǹղڽֿڿ˭
󲻵ȷջػǾȲ˵ǿ񡣡
ͷɢģһǡ
ǾͲǲǱǸ, һ, ֧֧, ǱǸˡ
һ룬Ȼˣôһǲ˳ǱǸ֮Ͷ·һԣܲ㡣
ʲô
ǵס˳Ȱ䣬ȻȰˡ
Ȱ͡䡱ˮжǶö˵Ͼߴð˴ϵĹж֪ģҪȻôƤܱǡȰߣ
ֻ̫֪һǸվȹԲ֪ǸҲֻΪǱˡ
Ƿȴ֪ôһ¡
ںѾҿˣһ˽ҴбǨŭһôܻŹ
䵽³ǱȻ
ûԤϵȻҲġ
̫ǣҪȻҪѲٿࡣ
ԷնʱЦˡ
һƿϿɲǳԴբзô
̫˵ͼ仰£õȥԴբз
Ҳ׷˵ˣǹôһ£ѣҪ
˵꣬ǾһƵˡ
·ҪǳԴբзһ
գ
аɣ
롣
Щ̫̫ͦɰġ
һһŻˡ
û뵽ǣЩֱ̫̫Ϊûãˡ
ЩǺˡ
ֹ죬Ϊɽ˧Ѿȥ˽£Ҫоոķ׭ҺҲƷѾȥˣԷյĹŶȻ
컹ûڣվ׼صʩȥԺʹ
ҲʱԶͻȻ˴󺰵ȵȡ
Իͷһ
Ҳܵǰ߻һˡ
˿ɲǵû򵽣ַ˵Ĺ˵Фɡ
Էһ۾ϳ
ֻФϰ壬ȵȣ
˳ַסģ
ǡ
ФɿһԵˣʵϰ壬ץ𣿡
㶣ôˣ
Фɵ˵ҵһѣи󲮣е㲻̫ԾǻǱˣȥ
ԵҲǳɺŵ˵ͷ

üͷһ˵ͦȤġ
ͷĻè
èһʾⷽȥȥ
ֲæʹʲôʱȥԶС
˵У¥õ㶫
Фɵ˵ͷõĺõġ
ֻǷյӰոʧſڣɺ̲ס˵Фɣ˵ϰĿ𣿡
ФɣҪǷʵ̫ˡ
Фɣһƭ㲻ɣҲǸ˵ϰ嵱һ۾ͿճµĸѪ֣֮Ǿȫˣ˵ϰָ͵Ļֽͷ׭Һ͹񴦶Ϊϱ
ǲܾãŰЩġ
壿
񴦣
ⲻǵС˵Һ
˺
Գɺ̲סüͷ
Фɼ״Ҳûа취ˡ
ûϵȵʶϰı֮Լͻˡ
͸һ
뵽ҲͲȰˡ
Ҳʱ򣬷ձűˡ
ɺ״Ҳű졣
ȻЩɣȻ˶Ѿ뵽ˣɺֻѡʱФɺͷա
ϳֱ֮սȥ
Ҫǻ˵𡭡
ɼҰ˴ƶũ˳ɴһų˳ɴһ
ɴǾټ֮Ĵѧ۹Ҳѧҵֱ֮ӾܽѧУ룬º̣Ȼ䣬ҲСгɾͣң»ÿӯǧĹ
Ҵÿڶջȥ棬Ҳ⡣
ǽ֮Ҵ󲮵һֱ̫ãһʼֻǵͷۣصҹ鴤ֹ͵ҽԺֲ鲻ʲôȻ
һ£һ죬Ҵֱʹ˹ȥʱ򣬲ȴͻȻˡ
ٺǾͷΪֹǰ˺ܴĲ𣬱˵ҴǰӲȴǰӲЩ̫Ƶȴ
ԭҲɴǲǵ˾֢Ǿ֢Ҳүү̵ļն˰ɣҵӶҲһһ
ǾͻǲǱʲôණˡ
˵ţɴ󲮼ҵˡ
Ҳˡ
ֻû뵽ǣɺýҲǳɴ󲮵ŮȻҲˣͳɺĴĸء
ӴⲻǼҵĴСԭΪĶԼĲƲûʲô뷨أһ˵һ˸кǻ𼱻ǵؾܻˡ
Ҹ㣬ʱ绰һТֺˣˡ
Ҳ˵ҵʱڹҪͷӵֻеϵʽˣͷ飬ºְҴӺ˳һ绰򲻽ͷӵֻ
ΪҲ֪Ǵʲô⣬ͷӵʱһҪˣûͷӵŲȫǵ𣿡
֪ôбȥȥ㻹ңˣҵĶɻǳɼΨһжء
Ȱ㻹ʵʵɣģǿҲûá
ɺȥˣֱŶ
ˣýԼĹ˾Ѿ죬ǰ;Ϊ˭һ̰޶𣿡
ſ龰һװŮվߣžǳɺýˣһȳýֻ߰ŮվұߣͦŶӣŻв£ӿȴ»Ȼǳɺλĸˡ
ɺýͳɴĸȻԼͬ¶һĨɫ
ɴĸֱӰìͷתƵ˳ɺϣҾ֪˵ʲôǼҵĲƲⲻһ˵һˣҲס𡭡
ŷС͵ʵɴ˰ɣ˼еؾɡ
ʵɴ󲮵˼ֹЩؾɣپϷ⽨ûжӵ£Ҳͽ߾ȫȥŮɴ󲮵ãȻûжӣŮСɼ죬ԸȥܵܵĶҲǳɺ㣬ҲȥŮ
ԳɺСͱɴ󲮽ӵߣǱɼҵļ̳ģӹñȳý㻹̹
ԳɴĸŻɺ㡣
ڳɴĸʵǳɴ󲮵ĵڶӣλ
ýǳɴ󲮺ԪµĺӣֻԪ͹ˡ
λɴĸͳɴ󲮽鶼߰ˣ֮ǰһֱûлС׼ȷ˵ɴôСˣô궼ûиһӣλɴĸͻȻͻ˺ӣܲ
ɴĸĻɺˡ
⣬Ҳ֪˵ٶ࣬ҲҪŲǰ
뵽̲ס˳ýһۡ
ԷеȻˡ
ɺͷһ
Ҳٺͳɴĸѿֱ࣬˵Ҵأ


59 
ɴĸûѾ˯, ôˣ
ɺ㵱תͷգϰ壬ߡ
˵̧꣬ž¥ȥ
ɴĸסȵȣʲô˭
ֱɺûġ
ɴĸһʵشͲȥļ, ɺ̲סüͷ
Ҳ֪, ô, ɴĸΪ󲮵ӣҲ֪Ȩġ
ֻӻصҪǴΪʵ̫ˣһǲǱ, רһλⷽĴʦ
λϰ塣
⻰, ýͳɴĸһ㶡
ǳɴĸȷӦڿʲôЦ
ɴĸӲŹ
ҲóɴΪЩ
һ뵽ԭԪصĳɴԪȥĵڶ¾ͺһ, ɴҲϰߺǰЩͬ, ɴĸҲͲˡ
Ҵʦ, 
ŷգɴĸ̲ס˸ۡ
Ȳ˵ֻ˵ͷûиʮ, ҲԳƴʦ
뵽ʲôɴĸɫͻȻͱˣȵ, 㲻ΪһһкԼòɼҵļҲ, ԾҸһ֣ƭ˵ͷӱˣȻûһʣ
ɺ㣺
ɺˣ̲ס˵ˣԼ˼, Ϊ˶һ𣿡
Ҫǰ, ɴĸô˵, ΪԪ䣬ûкӰ
Ҳôɴĸ죬Ϊǳ󲮵ӣ󲮸ģԼֻǿ󲮵ϣҲʮֵ𾴡
ڣɴĸȻΪ˺ӣǸкͲˣ⸱ӣĻаǰĶׯһоø
ϳɴҲڣԳɺŸô˵
ɺĻɴĸɫʱҲ
ΪҲû뵽ɺȻô˵
ֻǲڣýֱӴҲͷӵ̫ԣҸһȥ
ʵҲΪ¡
ɺû뵽ýȻ֧ˣ˳ɴĸ֣տ첽¥ȥ
ɴĸһӦǻס˶ӣ³ɺĶ
ԵȵӦʱ򣬳ɺ˵ӰѾʧ¥ݹսǴ
ǡ
ɴĸһҧֱӸȥ
һ߳¥ݣͿյڳɴ󲮵ķſͣ
ֻ˵Ȼй
Ȼûⷽľ飬ôҲǼ˧ˣһ۾ϳ˴ŷƮɢĹѵޱȣɽ˧ΰסĺûȡ
ɴĸЦ˵Ҿ֪˵仰
϶˷ƭˡ
ҿɸǣҪǳͷӣʱҿɲܡ
УǵķɰڷŲٹŶҾߣȻҪǴʲôҿһġ
⻰ԭΪյĻ־ĳɺ˵˲佩סˡ
ɺˣֻʵϰ壬ģҪʲô⡣
׿ɴ󲮵Ʒᣬô˵ɴҲи֮ԳɴǾȶˡ
ڸô죿
գֱӴȥˡ

ɺ㣺ðڸ׼ʲô𣿡
գá
˵ֱ̧꣬߿˷š
ֻһŷ˹Ȼˡ
ֱһۣһ߲ͷĺ˭
δ䣬Ϳⷽյˡ
;˭
ɴĸǱֶĴʦ˵ǻ㱻ˣ˵ЦЦҾͻǡ
Ȼȳɴĸҩ꣬ɴ󲮡ֱӱɫֻҲûƣɴĸû
ǷȴУһĶĹ»ҰȰ㻹ʵ㣬־ܣҲ
˵ֱ꣬ͳһ׭
һ׭ɴ󲮡֪߲ˣѾʮˣȻֱӴӴȻֱ˵һԵϡ
һʱ֮䣬ϵļƮɣֱŤӵôô
󲻽һǻ۾ҲðʿȰ㲻Ҫ£ôĶ֪

⻰ջûüڣèˡ
ڷյĻ۾ֱС
¯Ǳ
ҲʱձŻèԱһ㡣
ž
ӭһļֱӴ˳ɴĸϡ
ɴĸˡ
ΪˣΪǰλεڸйҳɴҲı
ôܣ
ɴĸͻȻЩɲʹ˵ܣһǼٵģһһġ
˶Ūˡ
û˴Ϊһļ䵽ϣ·һֹͣ
սһ
ɺ㵱ųýȥ
ҲʱΪýһСײ˿ϣĵͻȻˡ
һӣɺ˿ˡɴ󲮡ģɴ󲮡Ҳ˷յģ
һ룬ɫޱ䡣
Ҳڷ׼ķ׭ĳȥʱͻȻе򣬱ͶͶ
δ䣬ɴ󲮡ͻȻҵĲһڹһͺͷӳɴ󲮵˳ڵأɴ󲮵Ҳ漴ˤ˵ϡ
飡
ŵȻֹ
գ
ɺ㣺
ɴĸ
ͺͻȻ
ǳɴĸȻع񣺡ϷҲ̫ˣǰŸ˵ҪǴ˶һҪ⳥Ǿ򶼲ˣ㻹˵ǲһģ
һӣɺҲûҲɱˡ
æתͷա
ֱýʧ㣿
ýһϳͷǰھӣΪǰûϼҴڵҴ磬˵ļȫˣϱҲˡ
ͷϵֱӾͽסˡ
ҲӦôʶң
ͷ˲ӣϡʶ
ⶼʮһˣڿƼôڷɽ˧ʵ飬˳ְ١˵ĵĵڶ죬ƬѾ˴ʿˡ
˵ʱɽ˧ĲҽǳСͷ
ͷҺͷսа塣
ôҲû뵽ɽ˧¼ȻڣȻȥ
Ȼܲս֮ٺò飬һܾһȤ
ԷղЩʧ
Ȼͷǳװˡ
̲ס˶
Ȼʵôϵĳ
ͷˣ˵ڵʱǸʱճɵĲǻ𡭡
ͷʱģģʵԭҲֻ̫Ϊȫˣûչˡ
Ϊʵûй꣬һʱҲûתͶ̥˹»Ұ
ڵʱ򣬳ɴ󲮲ǻΪǵڼʱһЩֽǮ»ҰǸṩϰߣϳɴ󲮲ȱǮȻر󷽣Щ»ҰľԱߵˡ
Ĺ»Ұ˹֮ˣΪסڸԾ
Ϳɴóһƿķǰ֮󻹿ˡ
һɴһ߿һ˵ĻͷֱӾըˡ
ɴͻȻԭȻûжӼ̳мҵ
ͷȻкüӣǰҲûڳɴǰҫ飬ȴˣ˵ļҾȳɴҪϲ֪ٱɴҡһ̣ȴ˸Ҳҵ³Ҳô˵ɴ󲮶һϢŮ⣬ɴ󲮾Ȼ㡣
ôɴȥշˡ
룬Ȼɴ󲮾ûû˼Ǿȥɣͺøˡ
ֱӾ˳ɴ󲮵û뵽ͳɹذѳɴ󲮵꼷˽ռ塣


60 
ͷ, ذȫˡ
˵Ҳüⶥͷ˴, ôҲﲻɡ
, Ҳ, ǰ˰ǰ˵һء
, ɴĸѾˡ
Ҫͷ˵Ļ, 벻Ŷѡ
Գɴ֮ǰıˣ
ǳɺȷӦ˹󲮡
ȥϵĳɴ, ڷԲѣϢ΢ʱæתͷ, ϰ塭
߹ȥ, Ƿ˷ɴ󲮵ƤȻƿɴ󲮵·, ĿϵļѨλ˼¡
ǳʹ, ɴ󲮵ĺ漴óһ߿һۡ
ѹĵһ, ץųɺִ󺰵, ͷǸ϶ҵ塭
˻һ, ǸյĻһ֤
뵽ʲôɴĸʶط˶, ֱӾͰˡ
ֻǹ˵仰, Ѿľ˳ɴ, һ, ֻ˹ȥ
ýҲڷӦ, ǰɴ󲮣Ȱȥ, ٴ绰ҽԺĳ½ڴҽŶӹ
˲æµ
ҽԺԶҽܿ͸˹
ýҲŽʱĲ
ûóɺֳˣɫЩѿȻɴ󲮵̫ãƵĿ˷գϰ壬½˵Ҵ󲮱а˸أ»˼ˣа취ܾȾҴ𣿡
ֱҡҡͷˡΪ
ҲΪֻЩ鷳ҷղ̫ϲλɴ󲮣û֡
⻰ɺɫְ˼֡
뵽ʲô޺޵ؿͷϰ壬ô
⻰ͷһؿա
룺ֱӽ񴦴ô
Ϊ׭ʲôѾоĲˣʱҲҪʲôС
ͷ˵ɣܺ߳ɴ󲮻š
˵СɣҪǳɺ㼰ʱ˷չò˼죬ɺ͸ñͷ׼ˣ൱ڳɴ󲮱ͷɱˡ
Ҿڳɴ󲮱˻Ҳˡ
Щ鷽տһһȥ԰ͷרҵʿȥˡ
ɺǵФ˵ǹרõĴ¼Ĳš
˵ͷ
ͷʱһ
ֻҪ䵽յԣѾǲеˡ
һˣΪһ˷еĻֽ
ûзʲôˡ
ýҲ˳һͿ˵ϰˣǼҵһС⣬¡
ɺ㵱˵ý㣬ϰģӦлŶԡ
ֻǳýûдҲСȥֱʧ
ý˵ʵеңҲдϰ壬ʧ֮ϰǧ¡
ҲûƳ٣ֱӾ
ɺԭΪԼǿҲǰž˳ɴһý̬ӦûһŶԣ
Щʧ
ǿ˾񣺡ɫѾˣڻȥҲ̫㣬ϰȥƵסһɡ
գԡ
̧Ÿȥ
ųɺıӰýɫ̲ס˱䣬뵽ղͷʱ򣬳ɺʶһĻ촽˶ջ˵һ䣺·Сġ
⻰ɺһ㶣˲伤õģõġ
һֱӿȥԶɺȻһֱڲסķ
ǳϢ
Фɼ״̲ס˵
֪ʲô
ɺ㳤һýһιҡ
Фסˡ
ɺԼҲø
ĬĬջ̲ס˵ʵСʱܲ£ųɴ󲮵ĳ谮û۸ý㡣
Ϊʱ˶ɼҵļҲȫģҲñ軵ˣýǮ
Ϊ⣬ýһֱϵʽûи
ҲΪˣɴ󲮳µʱ߳ýĻᶼûС
æ˵Ѿˡ
Ϊ⣬бҵʱֱΥĸͳɴ󲮵˼ѡ˻ѧҵ޹ϵרҵ
ܹŤתҲֻԼ˼룬ڳɴ󲮺ĸĸҲ޿κΡ
ԳýһֱĻΡ
ͬʱҲľųý㣬ûܹ£̶̲ʱ䣬Ĺ˾Ѿ죬ûĻĹ˾Խɼֻʱ⡣
˵ФҲĬ
Ȼ뵽ʲôɺɥˡ
Ҹôɴĸڻˣýļҳûˡ
ʵҲóýǣԳɴҲĻϣģϾѪˣȻϣܴ
ڣɴӣýĵλֻ»ˣ˵ȵýҵ֮ȥýѪĶӡ
һ˵Ȼ飬ǳɴ󲮵Ļɺʮа˾š
Цˡ
ΪɺȻһ¡
Ǿǳɴĸĺӿǳɴ󲮱ͷ֮ϵġ
ԼҲʶ飬֮ûٿԹ
ĳʵϣʵͷġ
Ȼͷʱõǳɴ󲮵塣
վóɴ󲮲ʮа˾ŲӣԼԼñϰߣοͷǲҪ
ɴĸӣɴ󲮶һҪ
ڵ״˵ˣһصĶ´˼ˡ
ԭ˻ݺѾܵĲˡ
ǸԵ³Ƕж񱨵ʵдա
Գɺ㵣ĵͲڡ
뵽յͻȻ˲١
ûãƵ͵ˡ
ֻϧǣ̫ˣƵķ϶Ѿȥˣֻ˶Σһѡһ·
Ȼɺͻȥˡ
˵黹ͦġ
ӻè°͡
ڷգè͵Ķֱ̧࣬צצס˷յ֣
֣ڶѾɹˡ
ˣ
տ˿µδ󴲣Լŵõ廨ֱ꣬Ĭ˻èڰʾʲô
ס˻èСֵܣǾ˯ɡ
ʶرֱ˷ϵʩԣ
ȻʩҲĸ
ֻݸ˲ûг೤ʱ䣬Ϊڶϣǻصֵʱ򣬿ľŻһݳƷ


61 
·Ҳ׷ͣ˽Ų, ָ
ǲ𣿡
ǡ
ϵӣộѵǵ̣
ŵİ, LV, ǲ֪Ǯ
ȵȣǱǸ𣿡
ǰ, ֮ǰո, Ǳ̫𣿡
ôô, һ㶼ǱǸ˵ӡ

Щۣ񲻽κ߳, ͷ
Ҳʱûķա
Ȼֱס
üͷ΢壺ʲô𣿡
ԭ˯ʵĻèҲ˲ɴ۾
һ뵽ŮǷյǰ, ͺᡣ
񵱼ƤЦⲻЦ˵ô, û¾Ͳ𣬺ôҲһǣ
󲻵÷տڣֱϵӣŷ, ǶЩΧ۵·, ҫ, ̵, ֵҲǾһĺԺ
ٿŵ, LV棬մʮĵģЬ, ȹӡ
üͷ塣
֪Ϊʲôһѡ, Ϊ, һССĹϰԶЩ, ַ죬㹻ҹϽʳӡ
ŮˣĽٻˡ
èԭڴ׺⻰ֱ֮Ӿըˡ
Ҫݺݵظһѵ
ڷۼֿ죬ʱס
Ҫצצˡ
Ҳʱ̫ĽҲڸϵˣ˵˭ԭ
ҪģûôҪģ컹ˣ
Ȼҹǲϴλû

֪⻰ȴĴīŷգ˵ŶˣѾһССĹϰˣʿ綦ˣûϵΪҲҵˣľˣ߲ʵĴڡ
˵Խĵ⡣
֮ͱҸ˳ȥ֮ǰ͸ЩҲ㶼ջȥˣһֱûǮ̥ΪӵĴڣȨ֮ĵһ¾ǰ˻ȥ
ҪȻڵķ⡣
ֱתԱߵļӳֿϡ
һԵ˾˳š
Ȼ뵽ʲôһתͷ̫ˣسҵȻˣҪȻô֪ǾһӿǮҲһϵһӡ
ȻΪϴܵ裬ڻҳˡ
˵꣬Цﳤȥ
ֻܻ̫ˣԼ·ˡ
ճ˳èըëԴ
Ȼֱͳֻ뵽˹ӦڱչأָһֱӲͨĵ绰
˵֪飿
ȥ򵥵˵һ顣
ȴԭɽ˧¼ֱ֮ӱҡ
֪ԼһеĴȫˣôʧȥüֵ϶ᱻ˷Ϊжд̣ƽ϶᲻
ͷѡ˽ҴҪһ
ˣóľѻһˡ
뵽飬ȻҲ뵽
£ΪɽʱȶĻԹ޵ԥضʩչѻ֮
Ϊ⣬˳еĴУҲŭˡ
ϾҵĴп¹ҵδ
ټΪΪҵϵԸҺҲԸҺΪѷո˵Եʡ
³ӾɺޣֱӾͱ˷ȥʯڿ
ȻܲĿӣҲƹˤȻѳƹǸΨһܹܹ֮ӡ
ЩҪҪҲ鵱һЦ˳㴫˳ȥμҴҲ˳ֲһԣȻ㵽˹ǴܹĹؼ¡
Ҫ֪μҵĲ֮ϵڶ;û˸ϵһ
ԭڿڿҡһ䣬˾
һ˧Ҳ㽫֮׵壬οǵȼߵĹˡ
һĳ롣
֪֮˵˲ͱˡ
ΪᱨǣΪǿˮľǽմһǰĹ⣬Ҳ㹻ˡ
ǷϵȻĵİѿ˻Ϊĵ׶ǵĳޣҪȻǧټƵȥ㡣
ϵЩݳƷôġ
ȻˣŸ㲻ʲô
ΪǺμҸ˴ľͬڣлɣҲ̵ֻܹķΧ֮ȡ
Ҳ¶̶̲ʱ䣬ͽ߼¡Ƿ
ûҷҼ̳˵λûӲطϵĸǡ
ҲǸĵģ֮ǰûбǾʱǰۣڣŪ˸Ȼûһ
Ȼ֮ǰòĸŮǴ֮󣬲˶ѡ侮ʯǸļˡ
ֵƣɲ뱨ȥԵ磬ǸƲˡ
ʲô־
Ҫǣֺ͵һˡ
ĵġ
µʱվȲƲ˹ϵ
Ҫ˵ˣٲٺճκεĹϵãյĺûû˵䣬ֱ˹ͷˡ
ҺͷԼȣڣҺ񴦣ֵܹġ
ϾյоǿΪҲŲԲһϣΪҪߡ
Ϊǳ£ϾʿĶ֧֡
ʿǿʵ˵ģõȵĻֻܹΪǣʱҪʰǶ׾ٵ顣
˵Խĳء
Ҳʱõͷ
ôҲû뵽鶼ˣȻܷ
鲻һļ֡
Ͼʿ籣ݻҪΪǿܡ
ο֪ģģԭҲȷͷ˳Բɱ˹ࡣ
Ҫƹˤˡ
ڻͲ֣ܶҪȻû˶Ը˼Ϳ̿ɾ޿ˡ
ҪôܽЩǻ
üͷ塣
պĶԻʩͬЩء
һ죬Ҳû뵽ʲôð취
ֱҹ֮󣬷ղͻȻ뵽һ顣
Ǽ磬ƿʦеӡ鿨֮󣬲ƳսƳ
˿ԸƿʦԦʦõеķ棬һʱʹʹõĻ˹ܼҾġ
Դơ
Էʶ˵ԹΪʿһԱϵĹӦҲһ֣ԹϵĹǷԳȻӡ鿨֮УΪһԴʹá
Ƴ鿨̫鷳ˡ
ΪһʹõĵҲĳܹ鿨ʹõĹС
ԿɲԸɴѹһվ
뵽ǰһ
ȻԽԽƻС
漴ʹ⡣
ڴ֮ǰӦϼʵʵ塣
뵽ʶĿϵĻֽȻˡ
ΪⲻֳɵС
ֽ֮Уջûӹһٵͷ
ͶˣѾͶˣ
˵ģҽ񴦴ġ
Ȼˣǹ


62 
ܺ, Ǿô˵ˡ
ȡͷȻغ˹ʶͷûзԵȨ
ȻֱӰҪߵͷӡ˷׭
תղһ
Ȼڵȥ, ΪһʱʩԷϢ, Ҳġ
֪ߵſڣʩó˳
գʩǰһֱɲס˽š
ȵϰԵſ˫ֳֵۣ˷ջ, Ȼᳵ·§Ĳӡ
ձ, ˳һǣһϢҪ㡣
ҲʱʩԵҲһϢҪ㡣
漴Ц˵˵
˵꣬ʩ°һڡ
һӾͰѸղŷռıռ˻ʩԶʱˡ
˵μҲ˵, Ԥ⵽δľҲڣҪԲɲʲô׾ٵ顣
ҾͲһ, Ѿǽ𵤴Բ, 붴Բֻ, Ҫ֮ǰԲ㻹õ
Ȼ, Ȼٲ˷յϡ
ϾŸ׭һȱľʯˡ
ֻҶû¡
ϾÿҶһҪҪ˼£ҲԼʩ, Լ˹
ֻҪÿ첻ϵʯе, Ȼٱɲߡȿ, Ȼַܲ, ׻˵¼취
ټԼÿ첻ͣ±Ȳһ𣿡
׻˵úãһĦС
ҪǣԭΪԼÿκͷȣһСİѷͿյ鷢ء
һԺ󶼲ٵˡ

гֵ֤ܹ֤취Ŀԡ
Ҫ֪һʼֻɲ˷һأֱӴӽ𵤺ڽ˴Բ
뵽ʩԺŶ䣬ֱ׳ô
գ

֪ĻΪҸȼô£Ϊ˷ʩԹûû
ԼԭҪʩԵĻ˻ȥȻЦеҲ취ܲǸСš
һȥ׶԰УͻɻؽеĻ𳵡
ʣʾĶ
⻰ʩԵ°Ͷʱ̧ĸˡ
ȻֱӱȥȻʱȣھͿʼɣ
ʩԣ
ֱһ¡
ûףž͵һˡ
⣬ӷյĿڴڽģӡڷ׭еͷ
ʵˣǹ
ڶϣվ͵͵ںԺǽҳһŶȻֱӰĶȫ˸ʩԵķ
ϷϷˡ
׼ĺԺĳһʵңԺǽõĽʩԼҡ
Ȼ˽ôʩԵǸϵɷȻҲá˳ˡ
һ˲ͷԼ˵ˣ
ʲôң
ҲӵϷݶҪ
ڷջĻèҲ˵
ˣȥʱ˸̫ˡ
һ̫ٹһʱ䣬ܹش¯ȥˡ
ˣ
֪ԼȻܽеô
Цòõһһè
ˣ
֮ǰ˭ĵ˵¯ģ
˵õ
˵ġˬ˳պʩԵҲ档
ȻһĻзյо
Ͼϱĵ˽һ꣬ûԹ⻹ûֻǲôʮʮΣͰѽתΪĻоˡ
Ȼó׼񴦸ʡִԴ绰
漰飬ֱӺ͹ҶԽӱȽϺá
֪ոհѵ绰ȥͿԴ˽
һ߹ҵ˵绰һ˵Դ
ԴŵˮͺʸɻŵϣȰ˵ռ񴦵ġ
Ϊ֮ǰɽȹΪҲڷյо
Դֱ˵֪ģʿ粻̫̫ƽС˵־Щвı
Ϊʲôûй£ҪЩ屾ҲɾıΪǹҧûвȵǵĵߡ
Էյʹֻ²ȶЩ˵٣ϾҪǷս¶õҵĴе飬Ҳ䵽󳡣ܾĵز˵֮仹بһ
رԸܲա
浱ȻҲΪϲ˭նľأǲֳֺܱĲϲҪıķһеΪһĵطͻûнҲûΪвǡ
Դ˵ǹһܹ˱ӣֻҪϰ񴦣Ӧò
ȴԴ̫Ȼˡ
Ͼھ˵Ͼͺ;˵Ÿˣָмҹ壿
Էյҡҡͷˡ
ԴȻû뵽վȻܾ飬ʱͼˣϰ塭
Ҳӣֱ˵֪ˡ
˵꣬Ժȥ
⻰Դʶţѵа취ʰ
Ӧôܣ
ȻϷڷ׭һϺ֣ڵʵϾֻԲҺ񴦶üֵ飬ʲô취
Դ̾ʱ򣬺Ժˡ
ȻסˣǰʵҵķԼһеǣ
գҸոзĹ
Դ

Ϊʲôϵһ֮أ
Ȼս͵ǳȡĹĻ
˵ţֱֱָߵĲޡ
ŵһͼĻҹҲԹˣڵĹʱԷһȵҡ
Դ
ԴѾˣ
ù磿
ʲô쿪뷨
⻰û˵ڣԴֱ˻ȥ
Ϊ쿪뷨ƺѾʵˡ
Ȼ磬ǲζŹҲԡ
Դ룬ΪԼ˵ʹȥ
յĿҲˡ
ͺܿţ
ֻ֪ڷ׭һϺ֣Ǹš
û뵽ҲǷֵȼģվԵĶš
Ȼռ˵Ҫʲô֪ÿοңͻرŭҲűһء
Ȼʱûо굽ôԹΪġ
ǲóһۣҲ˵겢һԴǿѭõġ
һ壡
Դ˳Ŀ⿴ȥ
ŲһĿŤĺ˶٣˵һֻҹ
һ㲻Ļܱǰ״ġ
ǰǸˣɹ֮ҲǱֵΡ
赭дŶΪѾ˼ʮʵˣҳȡʹ࣬Ҳͱٵĸо΢һ㡭ͱˡ
ٵĸо΢һ㣿
Դ
˰ɣ
ԣտΪףô²ء
ͷĿ˲ͱˣ˲ϾȺ͸ˡ
òһ壡


63 
˵, Դﻹסһѹĵ׵ļϰԵ, Ͱϱ
ȻҲסˡ
Եϣר͸ϵ˸С
ʩԺۣôˣ
һߴ·, һ߳Ĵǣ˳ͷʩԵĻһЩ, ȥ˯
ʩû̫, Ҫ̫ˣϾո, ͷ, յ˵š
ԴֱӰѷպ׷豸ȫнһվ
, ռ˷糾͡ȴ˷ܺͼר顣
һǴģһֻ顣
ʵ֮ϣ֮£и߽׹
ֻǰǸǿɱ˷, ˺ӶŹ֣һܺߵĸ׷ʮ֮Űɱû뵽, Ȼ˹, ڵʱ񴦵˼ʱϵ, ܺߵĸ, Ҳ²ֻ顣
ֻΪδ֮, δתΪ٣ٹ֮ȥظŶͶ̥֮һֱѺ񴦵ļ
ܺߵĸףǵʵȻҲͽ˼ȴҲڼһݹ˲뿪֮⣬еݺһ֡
ֻҲ񴦵ļʵǿһֻǴֻĿĲԶ
Ͼͷֻһֻҹڵͽ׹٣ȶɷҲԼ򵥣Ǹ߽׹ͲһˣڹӴҲȶһǷô죿
ֻֻ˳ط磬ܽһ֤յ뷨Ŀԡ
Ҳ˵ͷڽˣ
ͷͿˡ
˵ģ
һʱ֮䣬ʵﵽǹǺ
һ߿ޣһ˵ԺҲΥˡ
ˣ
û뵽Ȼн̻ﷸĹЧ
ȻʵҲ̷
ΪıôֺȨأ
ǹֲˡ
Ǿ͸ûˡ
Ͼǰ˴Ӧʮ˲̵ģ뵽ĵ׵ÿ죬ȥø졣
ڲǹעЩʱ
Ժܿͷͱȥ
ĵ⣬ҲԤϵˡ
漴͸һµĲޡ
ֻȻΪ⣬һЦؿŷյˣϣʲôΣ
ռ״ЦˣȻܵıװһƷ׷ʮƷʮͷƣؽȥĶκһͷһ׷һŽڵһʱ䷢׷ζ֪ģǿɱʹˡ
Դ
ʲôʱҲһλˡ
ǵã֮ǰ˵ģȡʹ̶ȱ΢һ㡣
Ǳ׷ȴٸʹࡣ
еӵӦö֪ôѡ
Ȼռ˵ҷĻôʮͷƻֱʱһٰʮ׷ͬʱԽһ˧С
ұֿԶ̲ٿأҲ˵ͷҲ˺糧ĹԱ
û˻ɷյĻϾù˧ʵġ
ϵļЦֱӾͽסˡ
ȹ˧ȼһƷ׷ֱӰߵǰ¡
Ͼϰٷ֮ʮŵŵ˶ǺϧģҪȻŴôôʵϲѰʵ
˵ٻܱɹҪˣǿɾˡ
ԿһĻһרҲˣȻǹڼ¼ϡȫԡһϴ˸
ڷյһרҲʲôԵģϾﷸұһҲǻᵱеġ
ġϡ£˳չˡ
Сʱ֮רеĳԱˡ
úúãƽÿСʱܷǧߵĵ磬Ѿ൱ڰСͻ糧ˡ
ҪǣСʱϵĹֻȥ˲2%ȻⲢΪϵĹжӴ󣬶Ϊȡ̫ʹ࣬ޣĹոձߣǻ˴롣
ʵϣ֮ǰǶԴڿЦϾֶһͺܲס
ǼˣǻǴĵ׵ϣⶫġ
ΪзĹΪһվ棬ܽ»ٵ⡣
һԴ⡣
֪ȻһԴͬʱҲһԴĴҪΪ˿̫࣬˾ԴԴӵȴֻвƽˮƽ50һ죬ú̿ʯ͡ЩԴĴʱȫȥδӶһδ֪ŻԴ
ǻ⡣
ԴṹһһԴ65Ϊú̿صĻȾ
ɵú̿һ˷磬һռȫķٷʮЩط硣
ʯ⡣
ܺܶ˶֪80%ʯڡ
ʯжҪжЩ͹ͱսҾ֪ˡ
ʯֱ֮ΪʵѪҺڻȴ˱
ʯ͹˾Ϊʲô˵Լ
Ϊ˴죬ûϵĴ
ط֮絹ڲͳɱȹͼۻߣ𿪲Щʯ͹˾ǿܡ
ΪҪֹ30ԭԸʣЩ͹µʱ򣬾ܵסھã֮ǰʯΣʱ򣬷ͼ۱ǵ¾ȫ˥˵
82%ʯͶҵ
˵յ棬ԻڵĶ20%Ļ硣
ûڵõϢ֮ЩһרԶԴ˵Ⱥţһǿ֡
Ҫǣǻٺ͵ظͨһ£ܲܰЩѺʮ˲Ķȫɻ
Ǿõظ϶ӦϾʮ˲ﱾӵÿЩһʻѣҪȻôʸѺܷöԵظ˵Ǽֱٺò˲
ʱõŴӹģ۵⡣
ҷˣҾ˽͵۵ĵʱѼվȫĳɼӵվ˳ѵ⣬µ綯ҵչ
ȵ綯ҵչˣڵʯͣڹڵʯͲڵճˣʱǾҲõʲôԴΣʯΣˡ
ˣ类ȡˣ綯ûβŷţĻ϶ԽԽãʱ˳ϷůʲôģҸֱӱ
ʱȫһˮɽһ߿ĹΪͼ˼ëǮء
֪ϣ棬ж˷ܡ
Ϊ׵һͷ׵Ůרҵס˷յ֣״εϰ塭ʦһҪһʦΪֻйҵĹӢĳƺŲķ
յ˵ˡ
ȻĻû˵꣬רҾͷ׷׼һ㶼ѹǳ˵˼䡭
ֻû뵽ֵʵôǿȫϿѧĶˡ
ֻϧǣֻֻи߽׹δĵ˿ǹǷΪʱ⣬ĳͷֻѹס˧Ǿ˵ʵǹ˧ʮϡ
ͷϣҪи˧Ʒͺˣ߲·
Ͼֻʣ²һʱˡ
ҲʱԴĵ绰ͻȻ
æߵ˽Ȼ̧˵ʲôӼ⵽ǿй˧
˵æؿ˷յˡ
նʱǰһ
˯˾ͷ
סˣھ͹ȥ
ֻû뵽ǣǰŸոյӣ͵ˡ


64 
ǧϹĿĺͷһ, ץסӹ˧
ֻץӹ˧ʵ飬ΪԼӹ˧ǿԼʵ
Ϊ֪һʼֻΪҪǸԨԶ׫ġ
õ˺μҴϵ֤ʼЩ, һһ, ûз, ʱҺ͹ô졣
ȲҪǿԼʵ, һ, 㽫ûз, ֻҪʱʵ㹻ǿ, ҺҲû취
һ򲽽, ģҪǵʱû㹻ʵܵĻᶼûС
ȴұ֤Լڶ̶ʱͽԲϾⶼཫһȥˣڵΪҲŲڽԲ, 붴Բɻء
Һڵ֪й˧֮, Ȳظ˹
ϾԼһ˧ʵĽݾ
ôҲû뵽ǣȻϷա
νۺ졣
ټܴĿ磬ֱպе˼¡
뵽ԼΪɨأΪһ仰ҴõҴеʵٲ֮ص, ʱôһ˲Ť
Ҳֻһ˲ΪϾͷӦ˹
㷽ղһССĹϰһô, ҲǵǸҵҴ, μնľ֮, һ񴦶Դˡ
յĿ⵱ͱ
ŰɣȻʱû취ʰգǳһ죬÷Ҳһڿܵζ
뵽Цѡ
ĿⱾ̫ԣһ§գ󻹸һȺҵĸ֣˲ע⵽ѡ
Է̲סüͷ
ʵϣ⻹Խ֮һμ
ô˵أԭġʵͦģڵ֮󣬿Եʣٱ仯˺ܶ࣬С۾ͳһĴͷ˵ֱӻһһаˡ
Ҳû뵽ܿͲµĿġ
Ͼԭϣһ·Ϯ緢ҲûǰõϢԲŻ᲻æꡣ
ڣôһͷֱӾŤˣ֮ǰĴæűЩУҺ񴦵Ľ£ֻõ֤ݣܲż
ϣ࣬Զǽ
Ҫտ϶ȥһˡ
û취ʵ̫ˡ
Ҳʱʱ򣬵ͻȻ
ŶӺˮŷܿ죬һ˶С
Դһֵ̧ǰĿ磬һߴӹ˧ҪƳӡˣ׼
һ񴦸ֵصǡ
ע⵽˷ȻҲˣһ񴦵ˡ
벻붼ѡ
ѵճҲΪԼӹ˧
ˣ
տ϶Ҳպ⵽ıԾʱǿԼʵãԴо֮ԴŻ˹ӹ˧
ǧ㣬û㵽Ҳӹ˧
ڣӹ˧Ȼзյķݡ
ΪҪǷİˣ˵Ҫһۣ˭÷İƫƫء
뵽ˡ
Ը˵Ƕ֣ȥԸӹ˧
ǡ
뵽ʲôҲЦˡ
δ䣬ֻ͵ըһˮţһɫӰһʱ֮䣬رɫ
ҲʱԴһ£񴦵һڸֵӵϡ
Ȼо֮ǰնԸɽ˧Ĵ򷨵ģһʱ֮䣬з׭裬һ쳹գҽ಻
ڵλӹ˧֮˵ĵһ仰ȻǣͶԸͶ
Ժܿ죬λӹ˧ͱ񴦵һڸˡ
漴ѹλ˧ȥ
ҪӭȥһֱײԴ
ʡִԴɣûʵҲ֪ҪˣڼԼ˧ǿҵʵ
һ˵ţһ߿ŷ¶Ŀ⣬ɣ㷽񴦵ĸְæôֻҪһ仰񴦵˾ǲֻ˧ҲҪ
˵꣬Դ˾Ѿ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣΪ˹Һδİȫ룬Ӧð˧øҡ
ԴΪʲô֪ôɲΪڴ֮ǰѾͬĽڴ񴦺˲ŵر͸߽׷
ؼǣߵЩԴܴһֲԼϣǷָЩ֪
ҪȻԱߵڶ̶̲µʱһԽ˻ڱչص˹ڣ
⻰Դ˵ֱӾͺˡ
ҪģûôҪġ
ҪҪֻ˧ղΪʲô֣
ҪȵǴ֮װģĴ
Ҫ֪Ϊ˽ֻ˧ǾټʡղҲȥ˽ٶƷ׭
Ҫ֪ЩƷ׭ɲˣȻ񴦴ֱûŻݣǽۻǸߴʮƷʯûиƷ׭۸Щ׭ɻǿǽ˸ڣľǼʡʡִļҵ
Ҳ֪ڻǵʱ򣬱Ͼзûɣǻܱ֤ķס
ԴֻܿͿ˵Ӧõġ
⻰ҲЦˡ
ʵϣʹ޷յĿɲֻе˶Էʹ
ԭܼ򵥣տҵϵǷз͵ķ׭ͻֽ֮ȴԽҺҴ˺
ǿǱ˼Ϊ
ҿźͷյĺ׬˸ٲȻ˳ԽĴҵ֮Ǿ͸ŭˡ
ƫƫ񴦶о֮ʱҲô
ҷվҳôˣҿɻһԸĴء
λϿǴӦˣȵպɻͽͷ׭ͻֽ͵ǡ
֮󣬾յĻˡ
ʱôš
ȻǾԴһתʱҪֻ˧һЩʵ飬ʱܲܰ
ϾǸղӳȥôƷ׭ֶܲܿɣ
ȵߵʵһ꣬Ҿ԰ֻ˧ȥңأ
û뵽ԴȻΪ˰սӹ˧
ѵѾˣ
뵽ˣаɣҾ͸ԴһӺˡ
Ȼװڿ˷յӣӴϰҲڰˣϾҪˣȵµʱһҪǵȱϲư
˵ֺ꣬ˡ
Դ̲סһۡ
Աȣղûʲô룬ϾһֻƣĴﲻ˶ˡ
ΪԼģҲŹһܹзɹ
ֻ˵ذɣ
һߣȴʱʶͷ˷յһۣڷԴ˾ȻԷΪ׵ʱĵͻȻЩ
̲ס˵ܾʲôطЩԾΪӹ˧Ϊʲô
Ե˵׽ֻ˧Ϊʵ飬ʲôʵȻҪõ˧С󣿡
ȴΪ⣺İɣڿǾԵҲˣҡ
ڷգھƣղġ
⻰ŵĶʱ˶
Ҳǡ
صеķֱʵңһнʵҵĻҵһȺϡ
Ҳ֮һ󷨡
ǰºһ̨ոµĹרǰ
ҰһͲޣڹϿ˶ʮ󷨣ȷܹڶʱܹ˧Ķʮ룬ܹһ롣
Ҳɹ˳ͷơ
ڵ֪յķ֮һڳҲѣֻ΢һ£ͰҵĴȫ˷ⷭġ
ջʱҴĸ߼󷨹һ飬Ȼֻʱһµ󷨡
Сɡ
һСΨһôܹŸеİʮһƷ׭е㼯һȻŴʮ
ڶܹĸеĵһ󷨵㼯һ
˺ԥΪһΪµһ
Ҳ˵һ춯һ֮ڣ൱ǧİƷ׭ĳͷƾͻ˲
ϾƷ׭Իɱһ˧ʵǹ˧Ķʮ౶ǧƷ׭Ҳֱӽɱˡ
뵽ճһˣ
ʵȻҲ˷ܲѡ
ڷյţרһרȴǲЩġ
ϾûĹʵ飬һʵֻǵѡ
ȻҲ֪׼ȷʸߴųɡ
Ҳζţ޷ȷһʧ
ɹȴغŹҵİȫյ
һĲ׼ȷԣпɲصĺ
뵽ǵ鲻Щء
ͬʱԶǧ֮ľǡ
һûʵׯ԰ھеĺȻյĻ
ϣݻ񴦣ҡͳˡ
ֿ֮ȴֳ
﷭˰ۡ
ʵϣǰողμͨĴӵϴǳɲС
Ͳ˵ˣϵ޳Сˡ
Ҳ֪үΪʲôѡһ
ؼңԣӦ˵ҴϾȻýΨһ޸С֮ͽ
ںϷΪĹŴ˼ҲŮ޸һǰӵˡ
ҪǣվȻ߸˵ؼ޸
ͷʺˣȻԵȥ
˿ͷɵ죬ĬĬڴ˵ҴϺͼʲô
ͼʲôͼҵļ֮λ£˵˹֮λѶֻҪȵˣ㻨У˵˹ֱӱأʱ԰ȥһûΥյԼ
Ȼ˾֮ģ·˽֪
ҼǵҴֻεϵ̴Ӷѣһȥ̽ؾõѰһ飬ֻû뵽Ǵи߽ػλΪ˾һ
֮ȴ̥ǣϵһ·ֱϣҴ֮λãмλľ֮ͼȡϵļ֮λ
λҪ֪Լ˸ǣֻ»ֱӴӹײ
˵ˣ֤˿ʼ´ˡ
֤ˣɲǵ˹ǾλμҵĴϡ
ȻٸмԾֻʸԼ֤ˡ
ֻλμҴϵȻǺҪ֪ƽʱõľЩݡ޵е˵ӣΪˣӵȶϹȴò֤顣
ƫƫͳǣⲻ֪Ǹܸ֤顣
ˣϯ̨
λλ󣺴ã
죬ŮʿϲԵĴӡ
ԣǰֳ棬üɫ衣
±߻߰˸֪¡
û뵽Ҳнյķ⣡
ڵһŵҴͬ⡣
ڵȵһˣ
뵽ЦɨһԱص
ȻʱʴͻȻһ磬ŴͻȻһ˲
Ҳֻһ˲
ȻڳĳЩ߹֮⣬޲ʿ綥ˡ
ĸоؼĲ
ɲܿƽϢ
ȻŨɢȥմء
⾹ȻֻǼϢ֮ڷ顣
ʶô£
һ룬ϯ̨ϵλμҴʧ˵ˡ
֪ʲôʱֹͣ´ǣֻؿա
ŷӦȻֱͳ˷ڴеĹǺͭǮ
ڳĺμȫ
ʲô
ڳ˶סˡ
û˴źμˡ
ֻĵ׵ĲͻȻӿ
æһԵĺμ׳ʲôˣ
δ䣬ϯ̨ϵĺμҴͻȻһеĹǺͭǮ
ֱЦˣֿһգһ˦첽ȥ
ԣǰҪסμҴϣϣ
ֻμҴһ˦ֱӵ˳ȥݺݵ˵ϡ
һӣڳбͶˡ
ôǣ
ͬʱμ˵ΣѾˡ
󣬾֮ӦϷ
ߣһȥݻݻλ֮ˡ

˵꣬Ǽվ첽ȥ
ʲô
ڳһڱͶʱˡ
ȷӦΣѾˣôܣûء
⻰˲Լͬĵ˵ͷ
Ҳʱ뵽ʲôǰһһϰ壬һѹоˡ
⻰һڹ쵼˵۾ҲˣҲææĸȥ
ϰ壿գ
ʧ룺ܣܣҲǺμҴϲľ
Ҳ׷׵˵ͷûǺμնľҪȻôμĻ
ǷӦղ˵֮ϷҲǺμ˰
ܲǺμҴ֮ǰ˰ɣ
ȻЦˣˣμҴֻ㵽˹ǴܹĹؼ£û˵Ǿ
һ㶡
ںһǲŻعûμҴϵʱȷô˵ģֻǵʱҲûж룬ֱ϶δľˡ
ӸµԺμҴϻûȷǴܹĹؼϾҪ̫ϰҲͲɵͷȥзˣ㻹֪ʲôɣҸ㣬ǰѹȻȡĹ硭
䣡
һҰס
һ˲Ժֻʣͷ
һǲܣ
һˣ


65 
˵Щ֮, һһҰ׵ˣתҲˡ
˼״Ҳ׷׸ȥ
Ȼؼˡˡ
ܿ죬ټĻֳֻʣ˺Ҵһϵ, Լһ޴˾ǵˡ
һƬ֮, Ъ˹ĺ, , ҲǾ, 绹ȥȡ
û˴, ҪӵϷնɵɿ֡
μ, μҴϸǵʿ統֮ӣĲߴûг
Ծ֮Ƿգ
˶֪ζʲô
ζŽ, ǽӭ񴦵ı
Ͼڴ֮ǰ, Ѿʿĸ˸, ĶȨҲһ롣
뵽ҴϵҲסˡ
ˣ
ʲôʿһ, ʲôҼλ, ȫˣ
ҲʱڷӦһҧץס, Ŀ¶׹, ûֱ꣬ңֻҪΪǿ, պǸʲô, ҾͻǾ
Ļ, ֱðұ졪
ΪԼǾҺ񴦶ΨǴӣԸء
ղǾ
ҪǸôѹʲô
ҧгݵŲţ⻰Ҫ񴦺ҵǿŶ߲ȥ
Ȼ֪˵ĶģԸʵ
Ƶ˵ҲģҲġ
˻ͷʹѣû𣿡
Ҫ㣬ôӡ
˵꣬ڷӦ
ǰҪôӡ
뵽ױŭջͷ̧һưȷ˳ȥ㣬㺦ġ
ۣ
һ֮ҳһӵؿֱһѪ
һ˲䣬ʲôգʲôȫ׵Ժ
㡢㾹ȻҶҶ֣
ԴΪ˺μնľ֮ʲôʱܹ衣
˵꣬ƵĹ
˵Ťһš
ΪߣϷһʱ֮˾˸ƽ֡
ֻϧûлῴⳡеĺϷˡ
ҪӴﲻݷúֽĸҺɵˡ
ȻˣЩݷõ˿϶ǲֹģеԼѹ׵ĽѲϰƶˣΪ˺ͷһףϲ£ҷղջС
ԣҿʼͷ׭֮󡤷ַյĹŶٴαſȸæŵһڹϰ壺
ͺܲٵ
ⲻҪҪǣϣվ˵͵һơ
֮ûзʲôˡ
μ˸ǰµϣ׼ȷ˹ĳ֮ءϾԭΪӡġ
Ȼɵؿʼڵؽͷ糧
רҲҪĽöڱȡʱôʹ࣬Ǿ֮Ҫͬھĵ·
ȻˣҪΪϣҾѾ͵ظ˺ˣظͶ׬Ǯȥյһɣظ͹֡
ظ˼ļһڷһ㶼йѺ޵ġ
Ǿ̲סС˼Ҫǳȡʹʮ˲ܵʹСĻôǲǾͿӳЩɹĶˡ
˵Ǻܻˣ
Ҳڹæڸ½糧ʱ޵Ļ
֮ǰϼ˶ϣھжʹ
ֱӷϵΪ͸ǣ񵱳ϵһ
ȻͿҵļҵף֮ǰթҺ񴦵Դȫ˻ȥ
Ȼʹѡ
ǵϣͱ˴˫ȡ
Ȼְ֮ǰҴϴɵԼҲǵȵպɻҴϾͽͷ׭ͻֽǵ
Եڶ죬񴦵ܳæסҴϺգȻΪϵǵΪ͸ǣؽ˺
ⲢƽϢҺ񴦵ŭ
Ϊ飬Ϊʮǰɽ˧ΣڵϦ񴦡ؼҡμҡԶҶϵˣҵڶȴ١
Ϊ⣬Щ壬ҲʧأȴһԽңΪ֮ס
ҵʱΪʲôټֱԶ
˻ᣬȻŹҡ
Ҳûʲôֻͨһ
涨ɱץĶ뽻ɹ˾Ҳдģͬ۴
ˣҲ˵ӽԺ˶ԼˣΥɣᱻ񴦰ɱ֡
ûֻǳ顣
ֻƮƮһУȴһ
֪֮ҵЩϵѪʹȥ
Щ֪ʲô߹֮ŮĸŮ̽ٺ¡СĴҺȻûΪǣǵҲѾˣԺǲùˡ
оˣֵˣȻҲֱϳңĶһ
һûлҷˣȻҲû̫ǷӵĻˡΪҲȥҷգʱŭ˷գ۵ңֱӰŤȥ˷ޣ¶ĸأ֪ȴǵĽʲô
˵֮ǰε޳ܺţԺͻεҡ
ȻЩǺˡ
»ָ֮ǰƽһߣèһоĴҺ͸ĸҽ飬ֵһߣʩһߣСʩԣӹʲ
ڶЩһ֪ʩԣÿΪ˽ܴܹŬء
һֱһ󣬸صĹ糧׷׽ɣҲڵˡ
һ죬λʡвһƽԭϣϡƻͨ
ȻˣǴʱ˿̣ȴûһ˷죬˵ĿⶼֱֱڽȺмһյϡ
ͻȻҡض
ˣ
˴һ
˶ʱ۾գˡ
¡¡
䣬ֻһҵıըŽȺмĿյͻȻըһʮ֮ߵ塣
δȵڳˣ
һ룬ըص棬ĳˮ˰Ӷȥڿ˹ģһ˫ɺ۾ĺա
ȻҲע⵽·ĶЦҲȻֹ
ࣿ
ĿֱȺеȺ񴦺ҵĸϣﻹܲЩΧġ
ƾȺ߲ڵļһҲΧ
Ͳ˻ࡣ
Ⱥ࣬ĻһܾĻָʵ
Թһ񣺡ɣ࣡
ǰרԱȻ
һ߿˿еĹһ߿ַǵĹǣ죬״εôӴĹˡ˵վ
һ룬˻
䣡
δ䣬˶죬ԶĶҲ϶ʱ˻ֵĺ

ͣͻȻһ


66 
ʩȴ̫á
ٹ, ϾҪˣΪȴͣ˶ڡ
ζļƻʧˣû֮ǰӵԻܹʵ, Եȵܹ, ڳյʱ, Ҳûա
Ϊ, ⼸춼ûôŷա
Ϊ֪ôȥ
ͺܲٵ
뵽ſڹڵʯʨĻèһǧһ̾
ɫ, ·ϵҲԽԽ١
ȥˣ
ʯʨ¯
èԥԥճʼھͻȥһٻȥ
Ҳʱ̫Ľ˹
, ׼ȥҽԺϴһȥ𣿡
ϴôˣ
ǲ֪ϴиܵ𣬾ǿ˸װǸ
֪˵ǸܵܲһĿţǧȴ̻ĻͶ᲻, ҪˣŲ˵ĺܣôۣЩ鸾СʲôľϹҲ
Ǹֹܵܺǿ, ʱǮ, ϴ˴ͷ, ʱ˵ú, ˵ȳӿҪ׬ˣǮϴĹɣҪǿˣһֲٵϴ
ãǳӿʮʮˣÿôǮȴʽΪɣϴֺ죬ϴҲʵͷһֱŮҪˣ򷿵Ǯ˵㣬뵽ȥܵҪǮ
ܵô˵ģԼ˵ɵĻֻϰϴһǮ
ڵһǮܺͶʮǰһǮ𣿶ʮǰһǮһСˣķӣһǮ򲻵
ϴɲֱӱѪҽԺ𡣡
ʲô˰ǣȱȱ
⻹ֵء
Ҳûʲôá
ǲôš
ϴǰűͽҽԺǷװŻˣǳֱӾͱ˸һɶȻҲһûιȥҽԺֱֱ
⣬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
˭˵أǱӦ

ԹȺڻèҲɸ΢һ㡣
Ȼ˵
Ӧȥ첻УʮҼͷա
Ǿͺɣ㿴𡣡
С

̫ԽԽԶ
è״Ҳڴʯʨ׼ؼҡ
ȵȡ
èצͻȻͣ˰С
ʮ
Ҳ˵ʮ壡
ǽ첻Ƕʮ
ææͷȻӶǴˡ
ⲢҪ
ҪǣμҴϲĹʱǶʮĺš
ǽ춼ʮˣҲ˵Ѿˡ
ôһϢû
뵽èĵһš
ͳֻϢѾ˹𣿡
ܿͻظ
ǰˣġ
è
èˣô£ǹأ
ȷèʲô֪ˣȥ򵥵˵һ顣
̲ס̾ϰ˵Ǹһ൱ͺ˵վһܷĵռܷ4
è
èˣ
ֻ֪һ飬Ǿƭˣ
ѹֹô飬񴦶ûȥæ
ѹжʱ䣬ʿССҺɶȿֺݷ÷ա
ѹַմż
ѹ֡
ʱæûйעЩ
ɶǸˣǸʲôģȻͷβڹ
ôá
һȡŷôõĲɲϷ
ȵȡ
ԭǷյĿġ
èȻȻࡣ
֪͡ܣ
ЩҪҪں
ʯʨתҪȥҷˡ
֪ʱͻȻһʩ塪
èʶͣ˽Ųͷһ
˿ɲǸô硣
󣬻һȺ¡
ʩϴܣ˵û뵽ʩȻֻܹôһСƵط
ȩ̀żǰȥ
ʩϴȴģôʩ뿪ħ磬䵽ôСƵطǶ𣿡
èͷҲء
ʩϴҲü벻ɣҲǽǰˡ
ΪΪħĸΪһħ
ʩֻǸͼħ֣ƫƫʼߣħϲƺһħλҲֿɵá
ƫƫߣǸħȴħоΥħֵµ뿪ħפء
ҲˣʩԶô治ˣħȴһһΪһħ
Ǿ͸ۺˣ
ʩϴߵǸ۾ĶܵγѪ֡
Ͼħĳӣʩûг֮ǰһֱʸʶħ֮λˡ
⻰è̲סЦһ
֮뿪ħ壬ΪħڲҲΪħ֮˺޽ڲٿԣѪȴִ˲ƣȥĴԡ
ĸ׾һħչյ޹Ůˡ
ħΪʲôֳһϲҲͲԶˣΪ˸ʩϴĥʯˡ
ֱʱʩϴû׹
ĲУ㣬ⶼüˣΪһֱûǹ
ΪôҲԶ
ǲɲ¯ɲ¯Ͳɲ¯
һ飬èòС
Ϊ뵽Ǹˡ
µĲҲˡ
ʩϴǹҫģӣֻΪˡ
׷ȥֵ߰ܺò׼һ棬˵ϥ̸Ҳöϼɡ
ˣΪףҽ𵤣ĸΪ׼һ磬ҪҪһϲƣʱҲᵽҲøǵӡˣ㻹ǱȥˣµʱһҪӽϸһء
ʩϴȻƱƸû꣬èֱӾͷˣȻֱӻعͷѹ̩ɽѹһʩϴˡ
ɲǼ䣬
ʩϴĻû꣬ͺЩһƷ˳ȥ
ȵͣЪʩϴѾʧֻһصĽųķè
ֻèֻè˵ǰں˲ѾǶˡ
˶٣һһܴʮġ
˵꣬èĵ׵ŭͻȻɢ˲١
ȻǣΪˡ
ԺٶħˣԣԺӦħ˶ˣ
Ļ׬ˡ
뵽èգգۣȻӶʱ
ûٿèһۣתԶĹȥ
ǸӦʲôշеҽ飬Ц˵ˣո̫һЩ±Ҷˡ
̫±Ŵڵζٺò
ԻèĵһСҲϨˡ
аɣ⹷˻ĵķϣʹ󷢴ȱԭˡ
ôţèһԾ˽˷ջ
ӡ
ͷ⹷˸һӵ¯ˣ
Ȼ󻢰èһڣҧס˷͵͵㡣
ռ״̲ס°͡
ķգʲô֪¶ȹһλ᳡أ


67 
#ٴµ#
ٴ, ʵѾֲˡ
ǽڼµˣ
Ĵ˰ɣڵĵ0.09Ԫһȡ
ÿʱ򣬾ͻкܶӿ, Ϊ˱棬ǾȰѰˣ, ֵ˵ʱˡ
˵, û, Ҳһɣı, ǾŷǮһ, ൱1.3M, ǵĵʮ֮һû˽ݵۣҵõҲһëһȡ
νݵۣһõΪλΣһǻ׼, άͨȺˮƽõҪ, ҪΪչ˵ȺԼ۸, ֮ĶλԽ, ѾԽΪڽԼõ硣
ΪʲôڻһµѣʾǷĵò꣬ڶõ㣬Ϊʲôĵò, Ǿֻй֪ˣ
ֻй֪, һ治ƭ, ͼƬ֪ˡ
#վ緢#
ͼƬǹ巢վϵң巢վʡǰ꽨ɵķվΪվʡķվȫóˣҵʡĵ۾ͽһ룬ϸڹΣԵкܶǨʡʡ˳˵һͼ۵Ѻʡݡ
ps.Ҫһ£һ㶼ҹͣ΢һĹÿǧǺ飬Ҿ֪һԱ˰ˣһǵѾҪǧ򣬶һ͵ۣĵ֧һӾͽԭʮ֮һЩ˾ĲƷڹںܳȻԸڹڽ
ⲢҪģҪǣ֪ŴҺܶ඼ǴдģԲҪдˣֱӸҴվ
֪ҵʱҵĵһӦʲô𣿡
ҿǸСԣ̯ˣ
ҪȻôͣҲûзʲôԴȴ˽µķ糧ȻһܹصĻվ˵վǷˮЩԴ糧ȫˡ
Ϊ⣬ɽúϰڶѾʷˣΪڶúˣΪڵѱˣʲôյ䡢ˮӻȫһĵҲĿǮھũҲôúˡ
ҪǸǰյ翪붼룬Ȼǻֻ᲻ãԼ֮󡣡
Ծͺţƣ
˵ճ棬ùڷĻôģ
үүȶе

лˣ
ưˣ
Թǲ֪վ˼ʲôҲûϵֻҪ֪ĵıˡ
վҲĴ󲿷ֶĳɼӵվˣҹ綯һŻݣȻؼɸϣĿ죬Ͳסѱ˰ԼĳΪһʹҪİٿ飬ٹʮҪʮǮ
ɵ綯һȵԼΪ幫ڵľŷǮһȵĵۣѿֱӺԲƺڹһǿҪ綯ұṩʮʮʱ
ڵ綯˵£ϸϰȻ֪Ӧôѡ
ǵģҪǰҾԲƼߵ綯

ڸϵ

ȷֻ˵ҫ
Ľ쿪յȻDˣǻ˵Ļ˵ǾǵҲû
ɢ˰ɣǺܷѵģˣDĵ2.7Ԫһء
һƬϲʱͬ˲ѵĻеظһڹꡣ
ʵϣһٶǰͶ̥ͱҪŶˣڣظǹΪĹϸصĶӣֲ
ǹҲҪԺģĹãʱ˶ٻһЩƷЩҲֲ˶á
ҪǼ˱ȽŻãԺٻܸһ㹩ƷҪǼ˲ģǾֻжӵˡ
ڵظ˺ҿѧԺרҲһ˹ѾܹʹȡˣȻĴںùЩ϶ûʸĴġ
ͨĹҲõģǹ͵ص㣬ר˽˲ٵĹѽȥϹȥϰ࣬ﶯе硣
ĳ̶ֳ˵Ҳǡˡ
Դλɳѡ
ͷھǹʵ˿
ʮһǾͺѳĹȥˡ
һ࣬Ͳ
˵𣬵ֽˡ
˵ˣҪˮˡ
յظԼǵĹʺÿµķҹǷĵȥ֮һǡ
ʵҲá
ΪÿҲһֹվÿϹŵĵ磬ԼظⷢһʲЩǮܹǵ±⡣
ҵѱˣ˵δؾͲһ¡
ϾǽҲҪתͶ̥˵ġ
Ҳǡ
Ľľǳ̫ˣͬǹһͳˣȥӼŮǶһȦһ˹ϾͲˣһܷȵ磬ӹ󲻹
̫˰ɣҲôģսɷˣѼӼŮְѼӼŮĺӴ󣬽һ󣬼ӼŮͰϳ˼ţ󱻳ײˡ
ǼӼŮ³ҲܲҾˡ
һ˳̱ˣ˾ݣûץż״ֱӺ˻顣
һˣϲĲոϴѧǷĶծǼҰѳӺͷȫ˲⻹꣬ΪӵĶһֱûнľҪǷһʶծ
Գ̫ÿȥǣ˵ĲС
˶˵ͷҲǡ
ҪҪԼʮĿܻ࣬ӣɲҪ
ĽҲĽ
ҵظ̫֮Ĺ
ֻ˵̫ǸϺˡ
ȻˣҲһ
ͷ˵һ˵׼һЩܱߵļҡ
Ҳ˵ˣĻ۸϶ûйôˣҪһʱǵķֳ˵Ҳǡ
Ǿ͸ˣԺ󰡣ǵһԽԽá

˵ţˡ


68 ڹŴ
һʮꡣ
վ֮ĵ, ڵؿ似ȡͻԽչҼؽ˿Եص˺
ӣʮҲ˳Ϊ˻綯һ㡣
꣬ѧԺзһ﮵, ͵ʵͻ˰˰ٹ, ʮ֮, ˥ᳬٷ֮ʮ
֪, ˥, ޷, ֻõӣֻʹʱһͻ͡
͵ܱ֤֮, صܴﵽʱľųɡ
Ҳ˵ǰ, 綯磬߰ٹ
Ҫ֪ͨһһֻİٹҡ
ڴ֮ǰͨΪʲôԸ⹺綯, Ϊ綯̫, ̫, ̫, ·ϳûҵ׮
, Щȱ𽥱˷, 𽥳ԽͨΪŵ, ͨȻԸ⹺綯
ϹƲ𽥼ټվ, ͬʱҪƳԾɻµŻݻͨȡµ綯, Ժܿ, ڼзмĹѸ̧ͷݺгļڶ̶̲ʱ½˳˻
ʮ꣬ڷյİ£ѧԺ˵ػռ
ˣصĹ㷺ĻҲױ
ЩȽļ綯ױȵɱгһʱ֮䣬޲ণߺˡ
Ҳ˴ǿĿꡣ
ͬʱƣΣܿ죬֮Ҳָơ
Ϊ͵ظ˺Ϊ˻вɻȱһԩĹ꿴˻ᣬ֯չУΪǳԩѩ͸
ȻظʱҲǱ𣬵ǵȵǵĳ˵ʱ˵ǶѾתͶ̥ˡ
ǾۿⱨӦ
ظԴ˲ڱƲ
ϾҪĳˣ൱Ƿ̯һСĹǺֶΪء
ؼЩ٣ΪԵʣܴһֶн׹ṩĹʮ˲ɻĶ٣û취ֻôӦǵҪ
ƺƵϲ˶ʼˡ
һʼֻϲɲͨ¡Ծڶֻǿֱ֣͵ԩٴʼˣʶԡ
ˣߵõӦеĳͷĴ߲ΪҲԽԽȫ
Ҳ״ѡȫʮ˾ӹҡ
綯ҵķٷչ˵¡졢աеҵķչٴɡ
ʷȺιҵǷԴңֱٽˡʱʱ͡Ϣʱ
Ϊָԭ򣬻ûܲ뵽ιҵ֮УʹùҵĿѧһֱҡ
ԵĴɫҵĴĻʱ򣬻ǵһ뷢վͬһϡ
Ȼڴ֮ǰDΪǿе졢ԶϢһֱΪпɵĴιҵĹңֱճʵ׵춨ȵλ
ΪĹķգΪϲ徲һֱû͸¶ȥ
֮󣬾ɲˡ
Ϊʢ׷ᣬĹȥ֮󣬳ʮΪᣬһڶտֱ
סС¥ڵڶͱ˹ʾӵҶҶֺŵͷζʮĴιҵ֮ʳ׮ӦõĿߺ͵ˡػռ֮ʮһΰĴƼҡ
ΪշЩҶǻֺģǹưڣһҲǻʮڣ⻹ǽо֧ʵϵĻϡ
Ҫ֪Ψһ˾˹ˣڹվɵĵڶʮ꣬Ϊͻ˶飬ڵҼ֮λʱңͻֽͷ׭Ѿ»صĴ֮׵λãΪҼȻҪĽӼá
ԷԾͰʣµǮȫ˴ƻ⣬ǸʮһΰĴƼҡͷε
Դˣմ̼ʮꡤ֪յʵݡΪڳԽ˷һΣԸ˲ѵһڹϰ壺
ĬĬȻһԵ˲ι۹ʾӵȺ˶ӡ
Դˣ˵ǲܵģֻûкHĴѧվ֤H˺Ǿ͸ˡ
ҲۣΪԭ֮æ޲ʿĵǿѧԺǱţҲܲæ
һ㡣
̲ס뵽
Ȼۡ
꣬ƵԾѾϣ
̨£ͷ׵ĹԱڵأһһ
ʶصͷһöϵһͼ
Ǵһʵۣ
Ȼջ˼һ룬ˮļӿԺ
ʷγʱ˸䡣
ĩ꣬ҸͶΣɨ̫ƽ֮Ƶۣ
ǰﳯĵλʵۣΪаۡ
аǴﳯλʵ۵Զֶӣһͳ֡
ܼ̳лλﳯλʵۺĻʺǱãĺҲǴﳯλʵ۾е㲻̫̫ӵʱȻƵķ
λʮ꣬ЩһηƽһΡ
ȻЩ췴ʧˡ
ºһҪô֮ʸӵҺѫɥпڡ
ķգ
λʵôĿΪ˲Һѫ
Ҳλʵ۵Ŀĵʲôֻ֪ǰͷʮ˸ȫ˶յ·ϡ
ԵȵݱʱϥֻʣһһʮŻӡ
λʵû취ֻøλʮŻӰһѹ󳼺һѺָλʮŻҲǵλʵ̳ˣĽɽȥ
Ȼλʵ۹Ȼڵϻʵ֮ĵڶΪɫͿ壬һغˡ
Ȼ󳯳ǾͶˡ
Ϊλʵ۸ûüºӣҲûֵܣλʵ۵ֵҲͱɱˣҲ͵³ӻ֧ѡһλʵۡ
Ȼмλ󳼾ġ
ѡǰҲǳаۡ
а۵ʱ꣬ΪСƿء
Ȼ֧Ҳȷء
ǿʵ۵ĵմӣڶλʵ۵ĵ׵ܵܣҲǼеĵϵ
Գаۼλ֮ǰļλҲ
ȻǵĽ̵£а۳ޣʮֳҷʿΪ˴ľիҷޣϽΪȨᵳ˽໥ڵΰܻ˰࣬Ϊࡣ
ЩȻ̵˳а۵ͷϣѾ˳аۻ


69 
ǳаλĵڶʮꡣ
λʵĹһλ, ֱڸ׸ڸθ, ̫飬顣
̫飬, ʮǰѾ˵
ڸ׸ڸθҲʮǰȥǳڸθ֮⣬ڸ׸λöǵĺļ̳ˡ
ѳֳõڸ׸ݺ˵¡
ǵλʵ۵ңҲǳаϵҡ
˵ǴﳯΨһһλ̫ʵ۵ӡ
ʮһǰа֮Ҳȷйǻ
ݱڸ׸˵ȴжд̣ϾǳȨζ֮, ôϰȨˣҲѡаʵˡ
οǵҰĻֹˡ
ԭԵ׸˲Ժͣתìͷ׼˳аۡ
óаֻΪ˶סڿڣԲѶΪ֮
ǼȻô, ȻΪзϵаۡ
ǵİ취Ҳܼ, ǳа۰䲼ʲôȫ׸, ָЩĴ©֮, ڱﲻظаʹӡ
, а꣬Ϸˮģ그ߣغֹﳯֱӾˡ
ǰǿƵݣҰĲһǻգаĻ䣬˾ڹɫȮĻӡ
ִ֮һ¬ɺĹıʵȻûʲôβܣȴʮʮΪˣаȻʧȨȴڻʵ۵λúúõġ
ƺ֮£µĳֻȶ
ҲʱΪճʱûг·Ա̲ס˵ꣿ
ջعְ˰̫ѨȻһɣ
ǡ
һԵ̵߹ȥӹһԱŵĿ
ǳаʮ꣬͵иովԡ
꿼֮ѡǰʮʻʵۣɻʵնһǰ״Ԫۡ̽
ϷһȻ΢΢һ㶡
ʵϣϵƽܿͱˡ
ΪεԳһеݿˣԪ
ǸԽߣϻһ棬ʱزĸϡ
ɱһˡ
ռǸǸƫԶСسĵճӣֻϧĸţ漴ӭȢһλŮ·ˣҸ͸һܵܡ
ҪȻô˵˺˺أһԽٱĳλͨ飬׵Ϊֺúͺң׼еĳ桭
ϷҧָĹܼͨ飬׵ܵҲǹܼҵĶӣΪײֳͨǲŻǧټƵҪ
⻰׵ȻԥˣΪѾʮˣ¾ӣҪСӺ͹ܼͨĻҪٷԼԼһδ
ƫƫСӳøһЩԴòϸ޷ж
Ǻ⻰ŭɶҲǣֱҪֳѪס
׵ϾʹӦˡ
ѪȻڵһ
ﵱͽҪ
Ȼ֪Ѫ׵ôһ£ʵϣֻҪͬѪ͵Ѫںϵһ𣬶OѪǿԺѪںϡ
ȵľһ̡
ȻֱӰ˵˳
⻰ȻûţϾ˿ɶѪ׷Ϊ
Ͳס׵ԶɣҲ֤Լף˳ǵͰ˵顣
û뵽ڳĻԺлķ֮һѪҺܵܵںˣоͰǸܼҡ
ӣҲ޷֤Լˡ
ҪľϾҲûа취֤͹ܼʲôҡ
Ҫǣ׵۱Сһĵ׿϶һԺȻٲû໤ΨһĶһ㡣
鵽ﵱȻûꡣ
Ϊ飬͵ʴףȻеҪ
Ķ֡
֮ʵ͹ܼҵļ飬棬һ·СԪſ巸֮ʱƳң˵о
ʱԻ͵ŸոһС
ΪһսйټѣԻؾְʱҲΪڳаһݹ
а˶ӡ
Σȴûн
Ϊĺڸ׸ӵһ檵үү
ɵǣλ׸ҵСүҲμδǣһ״Ԫѡ
СŮûöԷ֡
Ҳܴڵ֪εԵĿȫ׸֮󣬾֪Էһľʱֽš
һ뵽һӦԵĺð취
ֱӸıԼʵķ磬ģλ׸ҵСүķ磬棬üһƪʾ׵¡
ľʱһڿٹȻΪλ׸ҵСү£ȻΪ˵һ
ΪƾľǺƣԾֽסר˽ܳĵԾרܳǷݡ
ԵȵľרŸ𳭰ĹԱҿʱеĿٶˡ
ΪʱΪѾ޷ġ
Գа֪֮ȻΪ״ԪҶ׸ԱŨȤ
Ϊ״Ԫ֮˵ͬʱҲ֪Լǳװ׸ˡ
˼֮£ͶаۣΪ˲ϧܾ
ϾΪһִˣ˭û˵ǹȨ仰ء
аȻܣб
֮׸ݺŴƻ׸ı
ϳа۳ޣѵһѵĵҵ伮漴㽫Щ伮׸˳аۡ
а˶ԽΣ𽥽ΪԼȨոõΨһĻᡣ
а۷ЩᡱޣϵŹŮµӣ߲ܡ
׻Ҳ˵˲һڳа˴š
׸ݺҹǣа۱վ
а۱Ϳ۸ݡ

ҲûйǴܣһٲ׸ɨƽ˺年ˣع̫ƽ
ǲҵǣ浳ȫˣа۵Ҳֲȥˡ
ϾͱҩͿ塣
ǰѾȥˡ
ڻ
Գаֻ֮ǰС̫ӡδСʵи
Ȼβġ
ҲûйΣ֮һֱ㡾ְظСʵۣСʵڳϰ繷жģҲû˿Թԡ
ȻˣºЩ֪û˱ԹСʵ۵ӣû˵Ǿ䡮ϾԼӣŻô졯Ļôһξõǧżѻ
뵽̲סһ
ȻֱĿϴһ档
Ŵһ뾩ڷ³Ϊһԣ˷ŵʵΪ״ԪֱӴĩɣ


70 
ʵ, ҪǵԲ俼ֱӸȥĹ
תһ룬ȻƷ, Ҳȷмֱ, ҪȻԭ, Ҳܺɨ׸
Ҫǣոûҵľ飬Ҳܱ֤ԼһӮЩȨ
ϾҺʵɲһ, ʵʧ, һȴܳ˿ĲΪֻ˿Ĳ, пܺա
Ȼ, ΪʲôЩȨҧأ
üͷһ, ԽԽô¿С
ҲûдѸղ˵ȥĻջ
Ͼ, ҪҲа, ǻǹҧ
·ԱյĻ֮, ֱӾˡ
ԭΪ, ôõһ׸µĻᣬаһŹ
û뵽ڳа۲û˳ƵΪ״Ԫһõۣǰ̡
ںһǲŷӦ
ǵϲӢ
ԭΪǰ飬º׸ٲҪһʣпǣǵ;û뵽Ȼܷ·ת
ǺܿͷӦ˹а۽Ϊ³Ͷ״Ԫ֮λδҲ̫ǣǿһЩ, ϾĸԱȼ, ĸʿӲ
ѵаôΪֺ׸
뵽, ˻Ȼ
ĿҲ˼ֳ
ֻǶͷ÷շ־ˡ
ֻֽеĿ˻ȥľͰõŰɡ
ΪЩҲ
Աװݵʥ

󣬵ԷŰ
ʵ̫͵дʹ䡣
첻ʱʿѾڹǰˡ
оΧŵࡣ
Ϊǰף󸹬۹Ԫڡ
ʱҵٲҪһϲƺˡ

һͷ֦Ҷڣ˵һ˲ţΡ
Цǫ˻֮磬۲ѧλֳֻС֮ϣοҾ˵λӶԴ˴εҲġ
⻰˷׷Ц˵ҵȺô˶ʮ꣬ȻѧϱȲ֣ǻļеġ
ϾֵԵǿɶǿģԾԼܳ㣬ΪʲôҲų
׸˽ף״Ԫ֮λضģǵһӦ
ԣ׸Ϊǹ˽
ֻô˵еĵȴȻڲס
ΪľһͽԼɢ˳ȥ
˶֪εľʾס
ҲƶɵûĺãϾдƪ¿뼯˹Žĺľ
⣬ȡ״Ԫ֮λһϡ
Ϊһ׸˾㻹붯ֽţҲҪʿӴ𲻴Ӧˡ
֪ʱͻȻȫʧ
ͷһȴԭɲ֪ʲôʱˡ
һ࣬ϸֱðȻˡ
˲ŵ˼㣬˶ԼͬĿˡ
ֻҧгݵƣ
˵꣬һˡ
һĻ˶ʱһƬȻ
Ϊ׸֮ӣ϶ǰ֪ԵΡ
ȴһ̬ȻΪ˴εԵ״Ԫ
뵽ȺҪܱ˿ĿҲ־塣
ӵԵ˸˷ܲѣϲ֣ϲ֡

Ҳɵս˫ȭ
ʱ򣬹ſˡ
˼״վá
һ಻¿ƹʿ
˵롣
к漴𣬻ʵ
ڵأʵߵ֮
к¹ٳУаʮʮգ¹ʿһ״ͽʿڣڶ״ͽʿס
һ׵һ
˵̲ס
̲סһڵȵһˡ
Ȼ¹ٳɡ
ʲô
˶סˣ
ɫޱ䣬̧ͷȻÿں¹ٵ³йࡣ
ǲĿһ㣬ɻͷĿһۡ
ս˫ȭ
ǿԼ侲
Ķ״Ԫ֮λҲûϵ۵ĺҲ͡
ȻǺ¹ټһ׵ڶ
һ׵¡
ϵ鳹ױסˡ
鵽ﻹûꡣ
Ȼǵڶ׵һ

ڶ׵ʮ
׵һ

׵ʮ
ʱںĹʿѾ˲Լˣ˶ŵ۽ǵ⿴
ֱ¹󳪵׵ھʮ
䣡
Ȼһ
ôһ
壬ͻʵۻȻٹǰҰ
ȵٹɢȥŻع
ҲʱɴЦ˹Ӵⲻ״Ԫ𣿡
ȻŶԣûп״Ԫֻһ
ôӸ߿ˤζܰɣҸղһϷ
˲ۡ
ȴȻЩɺˡ
ΪڵѾˡ
ǡġ֪Ϊʲôûп״ԪΪڷ³Դ׵鴫ĶΪŵΪ״ԪּΪĩ
˵꣬Цȥ
ǽԭأͫʿµسš
˼״Ҳ
ԭΪôͣ׸ǵʱٲҪһ֣˳Լ
û뵽ԭȻ
ԭ͵׸ھ϶϶ãмӣֻҲѾû˷Ŀܡ
뵽ԭۼߵȺ˶ʱĬĬԶ
ɺ
ʵԼǧôԡ
Իʵ˴ѹԭֻһǾǲΪ׸
תͷʹڵķ򣬺Ȼǻһ֮ô˾һӡ

У
ͻȻ˸硣
ڶŪһֻСĽǮ꣬λ׸ģ˵ֻǮѾһǧˣе
֮⣬һϡҩģвǧ˲Σ֥
ԷղЩɻ󣬱Ͼⲻ겻ڵģλ׸Ϊʲô͸ôһݴ
ֱһС͵͵̧ͷһۣǴ⵽ʲô׳ŵ꣬Ϊڵ״Ԫ׸ɡ
׸ȻҲ˷յ⡣
ŻȻ
žĲʵд˰ɣ
ȻתͷС̣ʲô֣
С̵ū֣ϡ
ȻܴյԺ͸߰ɡ
֣ͨһڵأл꣬л꣡
⻰Եܹ̫̩ɫʱ˱䡣
Ȼݺݵص֣һۣΪû뵽ôһССϴ澾ȻԽͷҾȻɹˣ
æ꣬ЩҩĿҪȥԵۣ
յעȻͱĻ˻
Եۣ
аۻྵҩİá
ҪΪǰùһز̫ҽ˴궼ûκãֱɹ۵ĹһǰιĽ𵤣а۲ڵȬ
ˣа۾˳Եҩ
ֻϧλĽֻһţԳаԴɹλĵúȫ˾ԵۣȻһʿԼ˵ҩ
ԷʱȤҲ˳ȥԵۿˡ
ǡܹ̫̩ɨ֣һۣ
Ȼߺݡ
֣ȴ治ɫͷȥ
ԵһȺʿæȻ졣
չΪ׵һϵʿӭƶꡣ
ϵʿǳаĶˣרŸ
ɨһۣʶͨҪǿһЩȷЩ汾µġ
Ȼͼ˼꣬ƶУ꣬Ƴ𵤡
һԵܹ̫̩⻰ǰӹ˶еĽУȻ͵˷յǰ
ϲ꣬ϲꡣ
꣬⼸Щˬ죬ھͳһԣ
յ־Ҫһš
زĵҩܸȤ
ҲʱһԵ֣ͻȻ˵꣬ū˵ƺǶ˸ĵģ
ţ
ϸһĵŷмζҩѾѹֶ֮ǰĥ꣬ûܰѽ
£˾ȻͨѵҩҲȷЩ¡
˵ͷǶˣ鴫
֣ϵıⲢǿ޶ˡ
˵˵˵õͺǦ
ڶģֵͼ֮˵֮󶼾öģʵӦûӶŶԡ
Ȼһ룬յɫֱӾͱˣҲ˲˻
ͺǦ
ʲô֪˵ʯǲɼͯС㣬ͷȥβȡм䲿֣ҩİɵĶ
ǦͬģԭǴŮѪ
˼״˲ͼˣ꣬ҽѧšƣӾͿ𴯳Ѫֹӥʺȥ񣼰ƴŮ¾ңԺ֮˵
գ
ܺã֪ʲôˡ
Ȼ֪Щģ㲻Ȼ˳԰
⻹ҪģҪǡ
ЩͺǦģ
ѵǻѹһͯͯŮ
һ⻰֣Ͼ֪ԼĶˣȫȻһܹ̫̩˵Ŀ⣬˵ū֪˵רŴӸѼһʮ߰ͯͯŮһٶأھ͹ںɽɽ
յɫʱͺˣߣȥ
˵طȻһȺɽŮŮ
Ȼ֪ŴʿΪʲô鶼óôҲû뵽˾ȻҲôɥĲ
˵ȫˡ
˶ʱͼˣҪ֪ǺòײŸһЩ˲ūѣꡭ
Ҳʱ򣬷յʶͻȻ׽Ϥľ񲨶ʶؿɽĳ
һʮ˾ҵ꣬Ϳ֬üī
ûüȻԼŵķգ
ʲô
͸¶𰸣
۾ʱˣĿ˵˶ˣ¡
˲졣
Իʵ۲ǾͺǦģǾͯͯŮ̫࣬˺ͣ
æ˵ֻһ˵Ļ϶ð
꣺
ࡣ
޳ܣ


71 
գ
ruaŵ, Ǵͷruaš
ȻеĶô£
ôҲһܴı׶ˣǾǳԲ, ϾͯеĲС
Էնʱ˾֮С
Ȼ, ô, Ͽһˡ
ȷӦ
ȵȡ
ꣿ
ʱˣæվ¹֮, ΢ī, μꡣ
ֻΪʵϳ, ŻҪ, Ȼ˻ʵۡ
񡣡
æǰ, ˳ϰԵ桭, ˣè, һ, ͱĥġ
ī
īʲôʱᱡ
ӣĶʱĶѪˡ
ƫƫǰǻʵۡ
鿴
Ȼīסˡ
̲סһ֮С
ѵˣ
˰ִӷյջ
ī
ȴЩ졣
īΨһǸ
ʮһӶŮĸȺս, һöû¡
Ůȥ˽, ϥҲֻīһӣҴģеҡ
ΨһߵıСŮ¬塣
Ϊˣԭ, ŻȫŮ, ѹ, ѳϣϡ
ֻϧˣľȻǡ
ΪĶʮ֮λ
īȻ䣬ȴеſ
ʱʫʮʿڵ̽ǴﳯĽʿڹٺԺޣһκԺ׫κԺ̽겻ʮ꣬ѾٰƷԺ̶ѧʿ
Ժ̶ѧʿɳθʡԣſȡ˵Ŀԣ٣֮ǰīȥ㽭٣ʱ˵ˮˣʧˣΪҹȥ˸ǰŻΪûҵˣ㺬īһ¹ڣ
Էյʵô
īĻˮ֮󣬲뻤ʧɢˮнʱȾ˷纮һȲֲܷ˴ˣбӣһ·շת
Ϊ֪ʲôطڴ֮ǰҲ͸¶Լݡ
ʲôʵ֪꣬游͸ĸɺã
ȥ游һֱ̫ãҪΪʲô飬µˡ
æӲʡ
ھΣ
ڴ֮ǰһҪֱתͷ
ȻڣһԵ֣ϱ㹪صū˰ЩͯͯŮȫߡ
ص˵ͷ
Ȼֱǣīֱȥ
Ϊ뵽Ͼܼ游̫īûеע⵽һֱǣ֡
ʮӺˡ
īް߰׵̲ס
ںһīŰȰס
̧Ӳ˲۽ǣī֮ǰȫȻ˲һԵĻʵۡ
ڻʵ۰ī˻飬ԭмѡ
һ˵ʵΪȻɲͯͯŮ;ѪĻ¶ˣ˲ͺˡ
Ϊ˱ȵĴʱޣæ˵Щ鶼Ƕģڴ֮ǰҲ֪飬Ѿ̰ЩͯͯŮˡ
⻰ɫ΢һ㡣
Ȱ꣬ǳ죬׷ûǹɵм
ˣŻʵɡ
оǵҩٻʵõҩӦ֪ģ˵ʼʣֻ˵ǰƳƳʮһλʵۣλǱҩģǧһ۵̫ڡ
ô죬ֻܺӦģ
״ֻǳ̾һ̸顣
ΪҲ֪ʵҪܸģԵҲڶ̶̲ʱͷչµһۡ
⻰һԵīҲ̲סüͷ
ʲôüͷҲֱֱ˵꣬ΪҪ״Ԫ֮λѵ洫Եݣ
նһԵĲյһڣ۽ǵڴӰϣֻ˵һ֮һҳӡ
ǰһôѵΪ˱
ԽԽÿܣϾΪ飬ȻһЦʱӦòȥˡ
⻰ɺһ١
֪û˻᲻Ĳѧ۷Ǹǻʵۡ
Ȼʵ˵һҲֵȥ˼
ֻһѵѡ
Ϊã䡣
ϵ˲ͽסˡ
ռ˵һо֮ͽ֪ˮ֮ӿȪ౨Ҫû㼸ػͲ֪˶ٻˡã֪ĽŮ¬ҲĲѣȻմǲݣ⣬ڻֻһ£Ҫǽĵ˸λǻ޼ɵ
⻰Ĭˡ
Ϊ֪ʵ۵ĵǶԵġ
ӦúСŮú̸һ̸ˡ
ͻȻӦһж
Ϊû뵽ʵΪϧΪ״Ԫ硣
ݵϳлġ
յ
˵δ
գ޴ȥ
أ
ɽݸǵΪسܵϮţǰɱ
գܹƽٲҪһܡ
Ҳʱ򣬴Ӱʧˡ
ԷҲ˳Ʊ졣
Щ˵¬ġ
һȻϣ¬
Ϊԭغġ
һҲᾡܸṩһЩ
ϣҪʧźá
ֻϧǣ¬ȴעҪʧˡ
ڷ¬˻ʵ۵ĻɫЩԾ֮ͼˡ
Ҫ֪¬ڿˣʧȥ¬塣
æ¬͵͵뿪˴á
һԺס¬֣ҪңҺЩŮ˲Ƿ곡ϷˣҰֻ㣬νΪֱ
˵꣬һֻ֣ҷģⱲΨһޣҪǹ㣬
Ȼû˵꣬¬ס죬˵Ϊֱ
˿һӶһϿڵĺʫǧž䶼
ҲΪ˲Żϲ
ֻ˵ˡ

̲ססֻǱȴһ
¬Ȼǽ֮ŮԸȴ񲻹
ĿٶڵķҲԽԽ䡣
ҪǸҲ䵽ء
һѣƾʲôҿ
Űɣһ죬ҪǸҲζ


72 
֮, һ׿ֱ뺲Ժ֮⣬ĽʿҪμһγɼĿԳΪʿ, Ʒ, ǿԽ뺲Ժ졣
û¼ȡΪʿĽʿʱŻᱻְһȥ£һ·ŵط֪ءة
ЩԭΪûпʿ, ĹְҲõĽʿڷȻҪȥ֮˲Ͷƽˡ
ϾѾ˶ˡ
ǲõԼԴͻȻҡ
·˶Ԥϵһ
Ȼһ󰵺޲ᡣ
Ѿһ֮顣
æŲΡ
εǾʷӼ;, 鷨
Ͼ̹ȻԼھǸäȴԼһֱǸä
λĵ, պܸȤ
ΪĸҰʷ, Ĵڷ˵, ٣ʮˡ
Զеʦŵ꣬ڶԪ¾, ĴϪ̨ɽϣͬӺһշ
ɣҲ, Ƴ, ԭΪ, йʿ, ˼书󣬺һУȨõ
Ƕһص㣬ǾǶŶ̶ȣǵΪҲֵûʲôϵ
ԷնʱͶϵŨȤΪΪһ
Ͼڴ֮ǰ磬綼ΪԭжΪϲġ
ǰܿЩɬֿڵĵá
ȻˣҲΪǻʵۣʸεȻ֮٣ðԺ̶ѧʿ
νˮ¥̨ȵ£ĺûᣬŹ
Եڶ죬īͱȥù
ԭʵ۾סĹǹ߮մ֮󣬾Ͱᵽù
Ϊùǹһ׼Ե۵һڵʿȫн
ϾԵʹͦԶģڽͨڣҲܡ
Ȼˣ鴫ȥ֮ʷ౾ְѹ߮˾ˡ
տûʱǡ
תͷ䣬޵ˡ
ǡ
īʵֻһ˽
ΪֻΪʵǿϣŻ
һȻ˹ȥ
ڿʵ۵֮ī̲ס¶һĨޡ
ΪյджãΪĽʵ̫ˡ
һֱڷߣǰյֶֻ硣
ˣǰеȣ޵ȣҲ١ʲô˼ףȴѾݵ䣬׫дˡ
īܿͻعϹϾֽˡ
ȻָһΡ֣˵е⣬ƽƲ±֮һҪƽʣб´ʡ
ԣʾҪԱдһ飬Ҳʱ뵽ʲô±ʵĶ˶٣ʼֱֱ»ȥ
Σնûдһ淶ĺ
īҲɵüͷ
ռ״˵簮д飬Ҹо
΢ʧˡ
īʼûж롣
˵꣬ס˷յ֡
ֻһһҵվż㣬һдֶûдá
յȵľһֱ̣Ӳ࿪˵簮վɡ
īá
īֱվ˹ȥסյֵʱ򣬹Ȼ˺ܶࡣ
ⲻ֪˵ԹߵУͳ˷ī
һԵ˲ȫͷз
ѹֻʵٺˡ
ѹ֮ǰʵ۵ּʵǹȥģѧʿһͱòĿˡ
ѹֻʵ֮ǰô죬ȴô򵥵һʻѧᡣ

֪һ֮󣬻ûдһùȥĺ
ī˵꣬һЩ΢
Цá
Ϊ˿̫ȵĺֱ˴īĶϡ
һ룬īһ·İֽ漴һī㡣
īʶػعͷ촽Żʵ۵°˹ȥ
ī
Ŀ֮䣬ʶͻʵ۵жܡ
һ˲䣬ֻԼͻʵۼӴĵطޱȣ˲ӵȫ¡
ûģ֮ǰԵ۵ɽʵĥĵ¡
Ķʱˡ
ƫƫʱߴ䣬ôˣ
ī
īֻ嶼Լˡ
ǵվǰǻʵۡ
Ͱƿˡ
ǿԼ侲
Ӧ˰ɡ
ϾǰҲû˵ʵǸ䰡
۱֣ʵۿ壬ӦòôɥĲɡ
Կ϶ˣ

Ҳʱ򣬵ͻȻһ󼱴ٵĽŲ
꣬

īʱһ
Ȼһ룬ī۽ǵò׽˻ʵһʧ
ī
īȻˡ
ʲôʱģʲôʱߵһߣûע⵽
ֱڵأ˵꣬ոյİ˰Ӽ۱ߣѾҴˡ
ʲô
īɫ˲ͱˡ
漴˵꣬ϳʴ
С
ֱӾܾ
ꣿ
գûйʳѰ
ǰʮ꣬Щ̤ﳯ벽ﳯı߷ͱˣԭڵ
ϾҪǮһٺ»Ųǧֻһ檶
ãŻԱ߾ľͳǮõȥ
ҪǣʹˣԭΪⳡս̫ľս֮ûãΪ˸ˡ
ƫƫϥҲûеõĽ졣
ԷղЩ
룬ͻȻ뵽һ⣺һֱƱȨǾȥˡ
īҲסˡ
ͱ鲼ã˱ȨǿɾΪˡ
ȴԽԽÿУ˵ǾͰҲȫȥߣҪ뽫ߴĻأͱ㾡ȫס
ǳ͢ʱ϶̫
һ̰˶ǮԺٲҪ˫³
ȥ˱ߣԺϾ׸һãһἫٳ顣
ˣϾܿճλãʱÿһЩǵ
׸ƿرԵȵ֮һǧټ
һͷΪͷ֮
˵ˣ׸ȥҧ˳ֵסµ壬ԼǴʵʱ䡣
һ
һĽҲһͷ˶ҵһƾֵķһܾأֻձ׸ء
뵽üͷҲչˡ
Ҫǣʵ۾Ȼܹ뵽ð취
̲ס˵곤ˡ
īҲ̲ס࿴˷һۡ
뵽ЩյĽ뵽⻹˿ڿഫ㼶ƲĻ
ˣ
Űɡ
ϾЩʷҲǰ׶ġ
ЦЦ
оǡ
ֻΪ˵һͷ׸ʵ˵


73 
ͬԤϵ, ԱȨʹѾã׸ζԳãԽǳ糯, ˾ʹ˹ʶ
ʾھʡ
Ȼ, ֻʽϵʡ
Ͼ޵ķ£ͷؤܵ
Ѿ˲Щˡ
ΪսŸոĻ, ǵ۵׸֮ĲģʤĽƷճЩλ
īҲæնҲˡ
ȻˣҲųīڹ
ɽ, ȥɽ
֮ķֱӰѲֵĲܹ̫һӣ֣ϡ
֣ϵվ˵, ѧʿڲںԺ, үȥ˻, Ӧ⡣
ն֣Խ⣬Ҳûȥ֣Ϻܹ̫֮ǵƣϾ֣Ҫ鷳˵Ļ, һҲûá
˵Ǿֱȥ⡣
֣ϣǡ
ﳯĹ⹲Ϊʮ, ȫ, رء
Ȼ˹ţȻٴۡ
֣ϴ̫ƻǺܹõ, ֻһָֹۣ֪ͬͱˡ
һ֣ķ, Ѿ˲ϱ, æͷ, һ߾ͻ֣, һȥ򡭡룡
֣Ҳ˵һ, ûиŷսȥ˼ˣѧʿӦڹӯ⡣
á
̧ű˽ȥ
ӯﴢ籽ɴޣΪԿⷿҲߵġ
պ׾˹ȥ
ⷿһȺԺͻĹԱ籽ɴ޵
һ۾ͿȺվ¥ϵī
ͷɴñһɫĹۣĴɫӳĵԽޣϵĽ߹˳
ڷ̲ס˫ۡ
ֱһСײ
˲֮УԼײˣæ̧ͷҪǸȻͷǰûмҶԷһüͷ˵˭ôģ
ܴ˲˵ע⡣
оͰī
˾Ȼǻʵ֮˲ɴ˫ۡ
û뵽ʵ۾Ȼ˹
֪ר游£Ϊ˶Żʵۡ
뵽īһ񣬽һȻֱӴ¥ˤȥ
ˣ
鷢⧲䣬˶һ
¥ݲߣȵմ߹ȥʱīѾæҵط
ֻûվ壬ɫͰˡ
ˣ
һ۾Ϳ⣬ҪԸ֣ȥ̫ҽ
ʶ˷Ҫ˵ʲôһīʱͼˣ̧־Ҫסյ졣
ϾҪİǾ仰˵˳ڳ˿϶ܲµݡ
ʱ˶֪˻ʵ۶Ļ졣
ֻȻԼĽ˵ˣûסյ죬˶Խ˷յĻ
գ
մ§ס
ī
īֱӱһ˵ĺŵζѬһ
īһ˲֪ǸԼĿĴﵽˡΪһˣ»ʵѾߵĻ˻ȥǸҸطȥ
Ϊ֮ǰ͵͵ضŻʵ۵
ͶͱҲ
֮ǰײյλԱܿʹţˣʶλ
īŻعȻæҵƿ˷գȻ˵ţǡ
˵ɵؿһ¡
ȻĿᶨҵһλ壡
˵꣬ĺͷնӡ
ԣϣλе㳤ӣҪ𲻸е˼
λУֻ˵ŻҪȥҽݿ
˵黹ãһ˵飬ī˲ְˣò׻Ҳֱһкǧ
ڳԱһ˵ī壬˲жĵ׵ķ׷
Ͼīһ
Է׾ٵؾռ˲īλá
ټīЩͬҲ׷Ȱǰȥҽݿɣ˹ͷ
ǿžС
īܾС
ֻҧӦðɡ
һ⣬īȲǸ΢Լ߾С
ʵ۷ŵֶˡ
˵⻰ʱֱӻʵۡ
գá
Ȼֱɿī
īʱһ
Ҳû뵽ʵ۾Ȼô򵥵ľʹӦˡ
ǲ˵ʵҲǽġ
ôţ̧żǰȥ
һ룬ڵϵĽһʹʶıԱߵȥ
Ȼֱӵ˻ʵ۵Ļ
ٴαǹɺŵϢѬ˸ŵī
ԼĽѾˣ
ⲻҪġ
æҵվֱ塣
⡢ʲô£
Ķ˲ͺˣ˵ҲȥǸ
š
û˵ʲô
īһ
Уټȥˣ
ǿԼ侲
Ȼ̽ԵǰŲһСһ룬۽Ǿ΢΢˺졣
۵!
Ҳǲߡ
̧żǰȥ
ֻһĽŲԽԽۿҲԽԽ졣
ͬʱĵͻȻһ״ί
ֱһ룬һֻٴβס
īʶתͷϷ޿κε顣
ǿʲôһ
֣Ĩȥī۽ǲ֪ʲôʱΡ
ǻʵ۵Ķ̫ᣬֻĵ׵ίõ˸οīʶס˺˻ӿʵ۵֡
ֱʵ˵һ䡮գգۣڷӦ
ī
ʵǹģղǹӦġ
Ϊľһ̡
֪ΪʲôīҲֱ
ʲôʱ򱻻ʵ۲󵽵ҽݣʲôʱ򱻻ʵͻص֪
ֱʵ˵ȥ֮úϢ㡣
ī˲ع񣬶Ļҡ
ԾԾ
˵õĶŻʵأΪʲôӡ
У
ټȥˡ
ˣֻܺͻʵ̯ˡ
׻ʵôͻȻȤڴ֮ǰֻ档
һͻȻڵ꣬ʵ΢Ѿδˡ
ҪתĶһͣ
īſھƯҲϲ΢
΢ⱲԸǺӣһ޵ɾ¡
Խ˵Խ⣬Ҳ游εġ
游ֵʾʵˡ
Цˣ˵ԭˣ֪ļҵĹ۹Ȼһã
īòӪ˲ͱˡ
ī
ţ۲ݣֲҪװɵ㶰
ʲô۹һã
ѵʵ۵Ͷô
īˡ
һģһߵġ
֪һ룬Ҳֱ̯ˣΪʲôҪܾҡ
īѿڶȻΪǻʵֻۣһӡ
ͷƽͷջ޶ŵԣοǵĲ˵⡣
֪վȻ˵ͷ
ī
ͻȻе
һ˵Ҳ˵㲢ҡ
ī
īͻȻͻˣΪȻûʵ˵Ļƺе
ͼƱ磺ˣ΢΢޷Ҷ֮񱡣
Ȼ뵽ʲô˵ӵ󹬼ǧ
Խ˵ԽһӶ΢ϰٱǧαذʱ˷΢ϡ
ֻ˵ȴĵȥΪͻȻӦ˹ȴ벻ԼΪʲôô
ȴЦˣīԴӵԵۼ֮޾ûȥˡ
ī
ǡô
ѵûȥ󹬣ЩɾͲ
˭֪ǲѣ
ֻô룬ĴȴƲס
ȻͿյĿĴϣ˵ǲϲˣһԾ֪ˡ
һԣ
ôԣ
īī΢ɣ඼ĳˡ
˵˵ʵۣҲܸʵ˦ɫĵһӦӡ
Ц֮ܵøˡ
ѵһͺˡ
ղŲæĸȥȻֻ֣˵ҩˣ
һ˲
һ룬Ŵһ죬һִֻӷ˳ץеҩַ֮ɿ˻ȥ
ѵһֹˡ
̲סЦ
ͺܿɰ!
Ҳû顣
ȻҲȶ˭Ѿǰλа۸ˣʱ֧־˶ء
˵ҲһĿס
ҲŲˡ
뵽֮ǰīȻ壬վ̲סʮա
һͬµĶӺүүʱ򣬶ûôί
ճˡ


74 
ڷæռĵر, ճ̵ʱ򣬱˺Ϣ
±֮߳ڱȻִ֮Իûҵ·ǲΧ׷½֮, 뱾ޣĹƺܿͱֹסˡ
ȻҪ˵ʵҲ㲻ʲôֵý顣
ǴԺƺͿʼõķչˡ
ֹסĹ֮, ʼٱ, ȥһȺں֮Ҳܱһ֧
ں֮, ʼռϷ磬ڽ, ½ջǳء
غҲ½˲ٺϢ
һ, ͽ˹
꣬ϲ, ɽݱֵڻɽ֮󣬾һֱڶϸŰΪϮ, 齨һ֧ũιΪѲţ֧һǧžδ֣ܵѮţܣնǧˡ
Ҫ֪˶֮ͽײޱ, 䱸ͻǹҲԶǵҪ, Ѿܾûдʤˡ
ȴ⻰, ֻǷеĵã˵һ䣺
Ҳ˷յ²ߡ
ǲź֪뵽Ͼǰʵ۲ã֮ôĹͣⲻǴʵ۵
ΨֻʵΪһʱǵĴơ
ϵЦݣȰ֮꣬Ī֮Īһֵŭ
ȻЩҲȷЩ£οһ£ƺҲȡ˽ѵ˲١
νӻͷ𲻻Ϊã˵պҲܳΪеһ
ˡ
ԭа۶мˣ󻹲Ǹа۴һôñӡ
οһ֮͸ԸЧŹˡ
һı䶯֮Ȼȡ˽ѵӦòٸñ˰ɣֻϵġ
뵽ֻ˵ȻôĹͣҲøһЩɣһڸһ͵ӳ
ΪԼȰ˵ãοѣǡ
뵽ʲô˵ˣô
Ȼ֪ʵʵСŮ¬֮Ļ¡
ֻʵ۸ղŵĻΪʵۺһѾĸйĹˣû뵽ʵɲô
һ뵽֮ǰ飬Ҳ̫Ů޸ˡ
˵˲㡣
̲סҡҡͷ˵ʲôҲԸ
Ҳǲ̫ˡ
ΪܽԼʹƴһҵĻҲԸŮ޸ġ
Ϊãڣлʵڣ򲻸ҹŮġ
ҲŲµ롣
ϾǹŴǺ飬ȻһЩҲǲ̡
ҲֻüͷûȰ
Ϊ֪¬Ѿ޸ȰҲûá
ֻǿϧˣ롣
ⲻ֪һĻ䵽ܹ̫ͱ˻ʵĬ¬Ļ£˵ʵ۶̬ѾĹۡ
뵽¶˾ġ
ԵȵһߣȲ꣬˵ǸūͻȻǰһ˵Ǿ׸ƺмĵ伮
⻰üͷһ
һԵ֣ϱ̲ס࿴һۡ
ЦˣǾ̧ɡ
ܹ̫൱˵ǡ
˵ͦ󷽡ģ͹Ķʱھеļֵǧһ䣬ڼӣ¯
Ȼνĵ伮ˣԵ¼顷ͳءһ̫
ĹײİҪѹסˣ
Ҳùεģ͹ĵ伮ȫγ֮ġ
ԷջǺܸӵĽӹܹ̫ݹǼ伮Ȼض
ܹ̫вһϲꡪ
ȴ̫룬˰֣ʾ¡
ܹ̫״ҪΪ빦Ļѹȥ˻ʵ۲죬ǿɾ͵ʴˡ
ʵۼȻôˣǾᣬºҲ϶ٲ˰һҲ϶ܱʵۼһ󹦡
ȥĩ˻ؿһԵ֣һۡ
֣ϳ˳
ʵϣܹ̫֮˾ϵ֮⣬Ҳûʲôޣܹ̫ĸɶǿĹ󻹰ˣ޴֪֮ȥܹ̫Ҫȴźһϴˮˡ
ȥһ߸մȣһĵʵ겻ϲЩ
ͷҲ̧ô
˵ԭЩ伮ֻΪӵĻھĶ⼸Ȥˡ
Ϊ⼸Ȼλµĵ֮ͬ¡
ⲻ
֣ϣҪǲϲЩʽĻūﻹһЩù꿴
շĶһ٣ţҲ͸ģ
֣Ц˵ɲǣλֿǴ󷽣͸Ĳһ˿ʵӾūء
Ҳ֪ǸǴĶõôļƷҪ֪ϣһѾ˰һ
͸ļֵͲǧ
Ҫ֪ŲǸƷ̫ࡣ
֪ܹ̫ٶ
ǴĶġ
ȻԼġ
Ͼͷ첣ԼѰҹзˮͻǹĴԽߣǻдԽ
Էֻ˵Ҫʲô
֣Ͼ֪ԼĶˡ
ʵ۹Ȼɲϲ
ôڻʵ֪ܹ̫Ļ¸Թ˵£֪ܹ̫ڻʵеĵλ϶һǧɡ
ټ֣Ҳûбֳ˵Ҫ֪֮λūʹ߻˵³֮󣬻ٸūһݴ񡣡
رǹݹϽƺԭ֪Ϊسǲһǰոձ˴
Ʒ٣֪Ʒ
ĹͣƸΪ֪ݵҲǲУ˿͢
ŻǸʵϣƽϢʵ۵ŭǻ¸֣ǡ
ӣһ֪֮λ
֣ǲ֪ջ֪ܲЩȻϸǧǳɱҲᳬһӡ
ҪȻô˵ϸأôһ俴ֵʵһĲֵĶһɵֺõգֻ˼Ǯ
ԷյЦˣҪ֪֮λԣǮ̫ˣһӣֻҪӡ
֣ϵصǡ
ɾȥΪĿѾﵽˡ
һӣȻǽ˻ʵ۵ˡ
ʮ·ְ㵽
ԴˣȺȻҲϲ
ϲˣϲˡ
ʮ֪ݣԺ˭Сƴˡ

ЩҲЩ⡣
ı˴ꡣ
ǻԼӹߵҲǴ
ڹƻΪԼ׬һӶأǾ벻ĵʲô
Űɣ֪֮λͿԹȻܱĻᣬս
뵽ս˫ȭ
֪ǣһҲֻһʼѡ
ڱæոǳأʱ򣬷һŽ𵤡
ֽλµĵģЧȳа֮ǰԹҪֹ
һŽ¶ǣնͷϵֱӾʧ˸һɶ
ָ֮ĵһ飬ȥī
Ժī·ء
ΪԴһͻʵ̯֮󣬻ʵ۲ûа֣ôߣţԸָټ϶쵽ˣùΪǻʵ۵޹ԱȺԺůͺܶ࣬ɲɵر䡭
ȥɾҪˡ
С
ҪҸʱͻʵ۰˵С
ʵڲеĻʹǹ٣ʵܲڶǿɣ
뵽īսȭͷ
֪ʱǽͻȻһϤϤ
˭
īһ
һӰǽ롣
󲻵īٺ˱ֱסͣһϤҡ
ʵۣ
ī˲ֹͣŵĿˣɴۡ
ûʵۣôҹӵǽ
Ȼĵȥ
¹£絶һ㣬üбɣĿ䡭
һ˲䣬īԺֻʣһͷ
ʵǼˮܲԸɫ


75 
īŷӦ
۾ɵøˣ㡢ǻʵۣ
š
շīעȫ, ջ˷īϵ֣Ȼŵϡ
˳
īѾˣԼſڷջﶼˣǡ
ʵǻʵϵı仯̫, ˵ͷϵû, ɫǰ, Ƿ١
ͺ˧
ī̲ס࿴˷ջʵۡ
Ҫǰϵζͻʵ۵һģһ, ǻʵۡ
ȻЦŽ͵Ϊг, Է
ȵ, ˵Ƿϻͯ, ҪȻǳ
ҲƫƫǸŴ, ҪȻʮͷǷ绪ï, ī, ȴ塣
Ŀڵ˲١
˳ī
ī
īûע⵽յСֻǸˣ
ʵۣ
гɣ
ҲҲĹ, ʵһ˻С, ȻҲгɣ
˵Ĺײİ嶼ѹסˡ
գ
һ۾Ͳ³īе뷨, ֱӡôߡī֪ڮپʲô𣿡
ī
ʶǰǻʵۡ
ⲻҪ, Ҫ, ʵ§ڻ, ʵۻ
ƣ, ֪ĻΪڵ顭
ī˲ԲۣȻֱƿ˷ա
ֻҲ֪õ̫󣬻ǷһʱûӦ
һ룬ֱӱīƵڵ, ԴÿһԵʯ, ˺ôһ
ī˲ͱˡ
æҵطʵ, һƬҡ
ǰ˿ǳаۣųаһխܾһ߳ŭǨŭ游ô졭
뵽īȻȻĹȥ΢꽵
ֻϣʵ۲ҪǨŭ游
ֻɣû뵽ᴥŵԲܵķգ
ڸôճ
þûеõʵ۵ĻӦīֻĶˡ
֪ʱǰͻȻһϤϤţյ˵㲻Ƿ԰ݣ
īʶ̧ͷȻײʵ۳ЦͰ
ŷֻʵ۾Ȼ֪ʲôʱҲҶԷҲͷ
ڵƵȷڰء
һ˲䣬ƺֹͣ
¹ҫ£飬顭ī·Լٵ
û뵽Ū˻ʵۣʵ۾Ȼûй
û뵽һ룬ʵ۾ȻҲ˵ʲô԰ݡ
뵽īǺ
ô죬ȻʼеŻʵĵģһʱˡ
Ҳʱֱӱס԰޵Ըɣ
ŻʵȵĿ⣬ī˲ӿһֹ
ԺҲֻʣһߴӦ
ܲԾ
īǿԼ侲
Ǹ䡣
ڴ֮ǰûмʵۼ档
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôʵ۵Ľӽʱλεʵۡ
Ҫֻܾ˵ڵĻȴˣ谮覵ʱ򣬼˽ȥ̽صĸףԼԹӸԣҲֻΪТ˳ȵʹˣϲ͹Υ˽ԹӸԡ
ϲ΢֪΢պղڵʱ겻Դ΢
Իδ䣬īԼȾסˡ
ռ״ǰһڵĻᣬֱӾ֣Ҵﳯʵ֣ն췢ģΩԸīһһһ˫ˣīú
һһһ˫ˣ
īʱøˣ
ܿŵӣ
͡еĶ
īͼŭɻʵۣ󹬵һô죿
գ
֪īʵ¡
ųԴ׵ӻôɰ
˵ģҲǵġ
ϾǿɶǰС檡
ȻҲǣԺԸұǳԸĺúžˡ
еҪô׸ˣҪôССˡҪΪ岩ǰ̵ģǱҪǲԸġ
ǰȻҪϾаϥӣǿɾָŻһɳء
ںߣǿ϶ҲԸΪȥǲĽѡ
Ͼ֮Уλ͵ŮŮ̷ÿӵٺ»֮⣬ÿܵ޳ʮƥÿ⣬ʮ߲ˣÿһţ⣬ÿֻСڡ
룬Լнǧ˷̻԰סұ֤ÿٶһȫ
һҽƣϡ
Ҫǣˡ
ⲻִû
ôһ㣬ٲ㷽յǡ
⻰īԲ˫˲
Ӳ죺ѵ㲻Ҫ𣿡
գû£һĸֵܽãٲãǻл𣡡
û뵽ʵΪԼȻöҪˣī˲ˡ
͡Ķˡ
ͼǡ
ֱ֪˵㻹ţұȥǰٰ⻰˵һ顣
볹״īĻɡ
⻰īĶͱ˷в
游Ҫ֪飬ǻáֱӰ͸ʵۡ
Իʵۿ϶׼游ҵԸԲв
ôˣǰ˿ǻʵۣһӻˮ
ī˲ս˫ȭ̲סӦš
˲ЦˣȻ̲ס°ȥ
أ
īʲôʱôԴ
ԲŲϣֻڻʵ۵òˡ
û
뵽īץŷյ·Ļ


76 
Ե, ĳջʵ۾ԸԳĳɹĳ˵ŲҪȴܳʵճӵĴ
ǷնԽ𵤵ҩЧһ̵˽⡣
Ϊڶŷ֣īֱһֻ͸˵СϺֻһǱеġ
ڵڶ, ֵ
ϳ, Ϯǰĺϰ, ʮ²ٿһ糯
ƹˤֻΪˡ, ֮, īĵӡˡ, ҵŷյָ֣Щ̣նָˡ
ⲻմӺԺī˲, ֱӾͷ, ˱
ڷֱ滹ʱֱ׳꣬΢ůš
Ҳ֪˭ǻʵۣ
û취, ֻ÷еĵã˹ȥ
ȵīҴñ, Ѿ, ˳Ļ˯˹ȥ
̲ס
㲻ѳ
Ȼ, Ҳīǹⲻ֣ǰůñѵġ
֮ӹжʡ
ԽϳƵҲűһΡ
, ոʣµǳ, ϻϼҡ
ıȻ, Ҫָղ㷱ٵĹ⾰ҲҪʱ䡣
Աʱǰȫġ
һ, غ, ̶̲ʱ䣬ټɽ͸˼·ʱȽĻǹͻڡ
ܾʮҴǧ˾ۼɽ棬Ż֡
ǵʮ£ںܽӣʮսճɻҽ˸ֻΪûս޷׷Ӵܵܣʹѡ
ΪϢ֮ͬף͢Ϊ˾򸧣Ȼݣļˮʦﱸս
ºѵһֻǿˮʦһº󣬳׻ɽϵܣ͢˼ӷΪָ¡
£ǧͻϮֱ£ֱʮȫܻ
ּ͢ʾ֧Ԯ
£пܽսݸֻһʱͽսɱһǧ࣬ر°ǧˣ˳ľΪҾ
Ѯܽоսߵǧˣɻдʮҡ
µףҾɽ
֮󣬳͢Ͼؽɽ
£͢ΪݸΪƷݸ֪ӱָʹԲݣ֯ٴԳѡ
£뼯ͻϮɽͼ
ں֮ھѮȫпܡ
͢ʽȥָʹĴ֡
˺İ꣬һֱڶغأڸ£˶غܺͺ
ԴˣϮ˴һƽϢ
ڷΪʲô˽ô
ΪҪġ֡һͬʿĹҲڶ̶̲һʱʹһƷƷԱ
ͱ籸ոճﱸʱԶԶƷָʹһְģոմӮ̣οлһ׸ǧټƵҪ۵ʵ
Ϊ˰պǺ׸˳С£ҪȻһָʹ̲ţ˵˾֮תˡ
Ȼˣԭûġ
Ҳ᲻ȥ
Ͼͻ𣬺ԭһ˼
ԷҲԸ˳׬СǮ
ҪƱվͼӷΪ˾򸧡Ϊˣ֣ӵТ
ϣּ
֮⣬ݸ֪֮λ
ָʹ֮λʮ
֮ͨȨʮ

Ϊ˱ֶԷʵ۵ģٲҪһЩȻ͵Ǹֵҵ伮ڼЩôֵǮĶ
Ϊ⣬һղ޹Ǵ󹬣ûٴӹһǮ
ΪЩ빦뾩ǵĵڶ죬ʵ۱ּؾְ
ǵȵصǵʱѾǰ֮ˡ
ϾڼҴҵγɶݸ˵б֧óҪá
Ȼˣǽݸ֪֮λˣһαָʹȥġ
ԹΪЩʹ֣϶ʮӡ
뵽һ¡
һ뵽ӽݸĴӪˣͺ˲١
뵽˶Ϊֺûʵ۶ʱȴһĲֵĲ;ͰŪȥ͸ˡ
Ҫǣӽ쿪ʼû˸ҳЦͬʿ˲ˡ
ԿǰߴΰĳţԼȺϵס緢
Щ¾͸ˡ
ڵˣ
ǿǷ
˵ʵһػ˷ʲô٣
ҲҲǸɣ
⻹¡
أ
Ҳܺ棬ʵ۽ʲôְ
ֻǳ֮ǰһֱţ˵һҪϢС
Ϊ°ϵĺ룬Ҳûӣûʲô˼ҲӦǱ˾ָʹ
Ǳ˾ʦΰţͳһ
Ǳ˾ָʹΪƷ
Ҳ˵Ҫǵ٣˰뼶
ǳľʦΰж϶
ֻ͵Ǳ˾ڿڹϽ
Դȥ꣬ʵ۴гɵϢ֮󣬾Խ޵糯ˣҪڳϳţֻ¡
Ȼûм˵ȥȻ֪
ֻڴﳯ͸ˡ
Գ˵屾ʹǰڳϵصȫѹһ˵ļϣֻҲŲ˶ˡ
뿪ʼĽӰˣѡеǸ
ˣôôҪˡ
оէ֡
Щ¸˷ܲѡ
˵ǣǾͿ϶ˡ
ϲˣϲˡ
İʮƷԱʲôǶʮĳƷ֮λ˿Ҳֿɵá

⻰ҲԽ
ãʱֵиͬ
һųڵķ͵ؼһȵߣǡ
صǵĵһ飬Ȼʵۡ
ǰ滹ɵˣתͶòʵʵعùĴϡ
Ҳȥ²ڵ飬ϣֻ˵ƽͿ๦ߣ޼
ȻйǾͲܲ͡
˵꣬˰֡
ܹ̫൱չеʥּ˻ʵۣԻ֮ѭɽݸ֪ӱָʹ׿ȻǨΪǱ˾ָʹͽ䡭
ˣ
̲סս˫ȭ
ֻûãϵЦݾֽסˡ
ΪǵĹʵ۳ӦøǼӹٽ֮⣬Ȼⲻ˺͡
չǽլ޳С
֮ǰЩ¾Ѿ㿪Ҫôʹˡ
ڻʵ۳͸Ǽƽ֮⣬ȫνͷױдĻҼҵ伮ˡ
ٿ̧ܹ̫ʮûмǴĻЩȫ֮ǰ͸ʵ۵ġ
Իʵ͵Ķִ͸ǡ
ƫƫЩ˿ȫǼֵ֮Լ֪飬Ҳֻûʵ۶Ǻмӡ
Щֵ֪ܲ
ԾѾԹгեˣ׼ļ۸񣬸ƽ·ߵĹͷϡ
ԺǰЩȥҲʲôǮ
ʱ͵ʴ׵ĸо


77 
Ҫ֪ʵ۸Щֵ, ˶ҪΪʵǹôˡ
ֻܰҧ˵л¡
ǰЩռطĲȫȥˣһʡ˲Ǯ, յˡ
ҲϷ
Ϊ, εĿ֮սȻĹ, ǲǲȽĻǹ, ģվǰ˵ļϣֻһ˹ѡ
Զʤܵ, £ıߵĸľʦ, Ͼϱֻһͨİ죬ȻԽС˵, ﶮʲôо̡
ҲܷĹͣϾҪûЭ, ҲӮⳡ̡
ôһĻ, ʹʵǺܹƽġ
ԷջǶ˵һ, Ȱɣң㲻ϣ㲻Ҫ
ֻҪ, Ҳô
Ͼԭڻûз
⻰һ, Ϊʵ֪һһһŮܵ顣
תһ, Щú, ֻļ֪, Ըȥ
һʵҪ֪Щ, ζӦҲ֪ˡ
֪飬Ͳǰп֪ܸģʾýȥˡ
뵽ʱһ
ԻʵӦֻô
ô
ʵҲ䣡
ĻʵгɵԣҲûзϡ
Ͼִ˭֪Ŵʿĵҩȫǡˮɰؽ˭˭
ڻʵ۳Թҩ֮忴˲٣Ϊȥĵҩʲô󲹵ĶԶʱܹ壬ⲻ֪ʵ͸֧ľ
Ǵûۿʵۡ
ȴԣɱϹϾ˵͹֮΢ǸͿҲһ
ʵϣջ治֪Щ顣
Ͼȥεʱ򣬿ǰȺ֪ȫˣôĿģȻΪһӻͷϴˢԼϵ
׻˵СҴıԷֻΪΪֺҲһԼ°ϾôҲԭǣ뵽Ȼôɫ
ΪԼѾ御˰֣ˣ˵ĶѾ˵ˣ򰲰ɣ
ǣȸˡ
˱ȥ
ǰŸյңĹܼұһţˣСġ
һ˵¬дţĵΪӶ¹˲ʧӰ١
һȴԭ¬ԼȥԵ̤ࡣ
ǰһϾҲѾûм¬ˣҲ֪ǸСڳûС
뵽Ҳ˲ϰЩˣֱ˵ˣǶɢ˰ɡ
˵ֱ꣬ӻط任һ·Ȼ˳ǡ
ֻǸյɽǿʲôͻȻס
ΪԶһٽСͤһһɫ硢ͷһֻ̽ҡȶ˵ŮƾŮҲʱתͷ
ֻü£˫ˮɫȹŭŵĺɫĵԵ欣ƽ˼ֳʣʳ˼̻ӡ
˲ס˺ʶصתͷСͤӵķ˹ȥ
ͻȻͤļŭȵʲôˣվס

ٴסһ㶼ţ̹ȻŮӶӣͻȻʫǳ̡꣬ӳϴĺǰ١
ʫŮӵסˡ
ǳ̡꣬ӳϴĺǰ
ϸϸƷҲ֪ʫĿҲһ˿Ȥ
״ӺһԾ£˵ˡ
̧ͷЦĿǳ˵ǷΡ

ְǱ˾
ºƸýǰס
¶ʮ顣
īϣȥ˸֡
ܿ죬Ӿ졣
ҲȷмּǣǱ˾֮󲻹£շˣ˳㾾˼׸ļϸ
׸ȻŭѣȻɾͺˡ
׸СӣҲǰж״Ԫ֮λ
׸ķ£ѾƷةλá
ֻһ飬ǰһɱ˰ߵͷϡ
Ҳܼ򵥣Ǳ˾һŮˣò绨УһͻȻԾˡ
֮Ů˵ʬ岻Ҳϵպǰɫģɫ˵ű˹ҵϵġ
Ĳ鰸ĹԱҲɸֳһ˵Ľӡ
Ů˵ɷҲ漴ָ˵ҿľ¥ԷҺüͼϷӡ
㽫˹һԽӡȻĶˡ
ֱӾ͵óɫ⣬ͼǿӲӣ˲֮£ʧֽɱĽۡ
죬ʹ˾ǵĴС
Ҳɨء
û뵽ǣͲӣûеһʱΪԼϴǵȵ鳹￪֮ŰѰӵ¶˳
ԭɱŮӵɷ
ΪײӺĵֳܵͨŭ֮£ʧɱӡ
ǵһʱʾԸ⽫ȫԭ£ŷŹ
һóŮϵԾֳ
ϾմɣͨŮǿԲٸֱӴġ
Ҳܼ򵥣ŨҺһףȻһҹֵܵĺϷ
ԴˣֱͬУ
ϷӣͬʱαֳĽӡҲ¶˳
ȻҲͱɡ
ã˹Ȼ˫ȫ
˵Ϊұģ

īսԺһͬŵĻ
īҲܸˣΪôһͷΪĸ׻ˡ
Ҫ֪ѾʮˣŸĸͻʵβǲТǼеĶӣһֱŲɻǲТ
ĸУٽܴлڸĸϥ¡
ֻǻб˵ġ
һ룬һԱֱӳ˽ϲϲ
˵Ļȴƽؾףϲˣ̫ҽϣһ̥ʮа˾Ǹк
䣡
ݵ֮˶䶯ˡ
ԴϺָӯ
úúãкˡ
Ҫдˡ
ֻī
һ˲֮۾ˣ·һҪ
ɫˣ


78 
ֱ˵һ䣺ȵ, ղ˵˭ˣ
ʶػһ䣺
һ룬ɫͱˡ
ҲŷӦ˹

ǲ׸Ů
׸ڱȨ죬ҪõһѪĻ, ֻ֮߱ҲͲԶˡ
ƫƫǻʵΨһĺ, ʵۻ᲻ᡭ
ϸ롣
һڹŮ̫һ, Ǽѣϲ꣬ϲ
ãŷӦ
Ȼˣ
ʶԼĶӡ
һ뵽ӵ, ϵһ˿ҡ
һ뵽ʵ۾æװһϲģ
ĵ׸ǲһ
Ҳû뵽, ֻһΣͻˡ
ΪԷһǰһЩ׼
ҪȻӻ޷
ЩҪ, Ҫǡ
ĺǻʵΨһ, ҲƱػҵˡ
뵽Ʋסļ
ֻʲôһš
ʵ۱ͼɵ, ĹŶô
뵽̧ͷʵۡ
ϼûʲô飬ôҲû뵽, ̹ϳԵ󣬾ȻԵԼͷϡ
ӵȻġ
ǰȷҹ
Ϊ˵Լҵ˼ʦĵ, Ҫ׸
Ȼټ
ĵǲʦµ, ղ֪, ǼĵõȷԵʱкܴİ
Ҹе֪ģϲţǼ⣬ĵ׵ɻҪǲϾ˼
ֻǵԼʱ̫룬ָʩ˸þȻˡ
û뵽Էת͸ôһϲ
ô޿ֵӣڻþʱԲһ֮һºֳΪԼ˺µĺϷ
ĺ˭ģò¡
Ͼĵõ취һֱĶž
Ͼ˾ѧҲһҵƷ
ֻû뵽鶼ѾˣȻܹһ
ΪʲôѾһڴ֮ǰȴûֹͽΡ
Ϊĸ׸Ԫģ׸ļģν˺˺׸ֱԽ˵ճӣѡСļ̳ˡ
ǰͲɷϵźãôܻȥֹ
һֱû˵ĵ׸Ӳˣꣿ
ŻعһۣȻվú̥
˵̧꣬ȥ
ȻҪܲԸԳ
ԺȻҪţҪȻĺϷҪô
ҷ󹬵ǮǴեġ
Ȼһ顣
̤ùſⲽ֣Ͼæӭ꣬ˡˣҪٲҪľȫˡ
գ
ղŷԣϲ콵ˣ
һ磬ΪͬȻ׾پͱƭ֡
ڶ磬ʵ۱Ϊǽ̤УȻ카С
磬ʩΪǲ֪ܵĸȻ¯

̫ϲˣҪΪȻдᡯǶȴǡ
뵽ǰһ˵֪ˣǶ°ɡ
˵꣬첽ȥ
ȻͿվȼյĵ¯ԵīԼű߶ŵѾ顣
ɫʵۻīŭ
ֻǲ֪ǲĴڹʵ۽ʱƺӹʵпһ˿˷ܺڴ
ī
ûģһĺһ۵׵ŭҲ˲ȥ١
ֱʲôطԾ
Ҫ˵ȥĻҲˣվס
˵ôһ£
˵꣬Ҳסˡ
ѵȷĲ費ӦīΪ˱죬Բɷ˵ĵľ߽˻¯
Ȼæرס
ī֪֮󣬿϶ҪٷȻյôľ飬϶ˡ
ȻٵһңīΪʲôһζԸȻͿֱ׳ָڽᱻҪˡ
ֱ
ڵķղЩʧ
յӣīҲ˲Ͼˣжʱ
ȻʲôطԾ
еŭ˲ɢ˲٣Ҳ˲٣˵
գ
һ̾Ȼȥȫī
ʲô
ôң
īˡ
Ҫ֪ڿС̵ɷ򣬽װһСһӣȴH¶˳
ҪǣñӵĻǹһʵۡ
Ȼֻϵġ
Իʵڿ϶رܡ
뵽īȻ۵ĲС
ȻˣҲĲУ˳һ
ҺղѡԼĵУûķ
뵽ֱס˻ʵۣοû£㻹ء
ȴʱ򣬷ͻȻ뵽һ⣬Ȼɫţһ߷Աߵѡ
ļֱӾͷɽ˻¯
Ȼɿջ˽š
ţ
īʶתͷһȻ;סˣ飬顭
æҵҪѻ¯ľ
ռ״ҲŶʱڰﵹæ
ԵȵīǼȳʱǴѾյֻʣһ롣
īʱ˶ˡ
ΪȻ֪ʵж౦Щ飬ҪȻ֮ǰҲ뵽Żʵ۵յЩйߡ
սľĻں档
ӦҸղһСġ
հο
һ룬͵ţⲻҵľԭǶôڶ
ī
īˣֱӻʵ۵ûˡ
ѵҪһ㶼λʵۣڵֱ֪֮ͷ׼ľȫյй
֪ʵ۵ʱ㲻ٲҲҪһ
뵽īˡ
֪һ룬ʵ˵ˣǼ˾ˣҲˣ˵ʱ԰дһˡ

⻰īʱסˡ
һʵһεӣﻹ֪ʵѾµࡣ
ֻû뵽ʵ۾Ȼôԭ
Żʵİˡ
īͷһȣ̲סֱס˻ʵۡ
ͺܸж
Ȼˣº󹷻ʵûдʱһ߰Ŀӣһ߱дĻ͸жˣ

ڶϣ´Ĺʵش·Ьӡ
ĩˣڻ˯īһڡ
Ȼⲻֱīһʡ
Ա㣬͸ðˡ
պܲˡ
ΪԼʧ㣬Ϊ޳ܡ
Ծȥҧɡ
һӺ󣬴ոϣ׵ˣֻҲıžޣȻֻĺЮˡ
ʵ۵˼ȻҪĺˡ
Ⱥеʱһ
ǲüͷҲûȰϾﻳŵĵȷǻʵΨһá
գԲٵˡ
ǲͽˡ
飬ʱ䣬ҪĶ

˵վģһ
ָ÷ֻ֣һͷˡ
зٵ㿪ˡ
ʵϣѡɲֻǻʵۡ
ˣĿĶӣ׸û̫ıȨҪڴűͶȥȻܵ׸Ҫ
Ǳˣڼǰոհ׸ϲСͽ˼
ȵ׸ƣǸܷŹ
Ҳ֪ܡ
Ҫǣ׸ҰĿɲȨ㳯ҰδؾͲһʱӱض·һ
ֻҪߣʲôȵͻʵһӮҡ
˲ʹ⡣
վ˳ꡭ


79 
˵, ΢Ϊ飬½֪ԸѰ֤ݡ
ɹʱ鲼, ֱץǲȴĵʼ, ֮±ų, ֻҪһԸйǾͿ˳ݡ
ֻû֤ݵ¾ֱץˣ̱ƹ֮õ֤ݸԷ, ݵڶ࣬ǾԻҰʷϸտһ鹹ݹñӡ
˵ýҪһȨĳΪ˷ֹʵۡѧԷֱӸ׸Ҳһ
⻰, ˵˵, Ϊ²ס
ֻû, Ͼ𺦵ǻʵ۵ֲġ
ָûֵĶҲһͣЦˣȴô˼ƿУϾҪȥʳѰ
ʵѾ, ҲֻܰĻȥ
һۣǴ¾ͽȥɣ
, ұ׹ʱ͡
ʱ¶־ڱصõĿ⣺һ
ڴ֮ǰ, ˵, ֪׼Żʵ۶Ը׸֮, 嶯֮ʲô
籩¶֮Ĺϵ
, һȪׯһţͺһ
߹һǻ˼֮˵ĵһ仰ȰȥͶЧ׸
ȻҲʶԼӴ˵۵׸֮ƽ⣬۵׸֮Ʊػһġ
ϾˣȻϣ׸Ӯ
㽫Լǰ֯õĽȫ˵˳
Ѿ׸ȫ״׸ڽӡ
ıԶɽ
Ǳ˾ȻһЩٶһģȻԸǾ˶ֻǿϣԽһǾԻһʱѱ䡭
Ҫ֪ǰʹ޵ľ˳ΪˣûٰЩ׽ŪĶƼҡ
Ǻ޲ðϸȫźá
˶٣˵룬ҪӮˣĵ߻˭
ڣֱ˵϶ɡ
ϾϲĶӡ
Ҳ˵һȫɡ

ֱӾͳĬˣҲսˡ
һŷӦҿŮҵҪǰˣʵۿ϶ݲң³ֻȥĸӡ
Ҳô˵׸Ҳףܲۿ׸ȥ
״֪Ѿ˵ˣ˵ģһ취ܱס˵
Ȼ취
֮Ȼ¶ϲɫж˽ĻɣҶ֪θл㡣
ڻЩԳ뵽˻ǻʵ۵ɸˡ
뵽źӣǿԼ侲ֻ֮䣬αл
˵֪ԽãʵԵҩҲ˶ˡ
ʱ»һڵģ
˵о䡣
⻰ƽٶׯҲɼ֡
ǵڶ磬׸̲֮֮иһڷ۷٣˵ˡҸ׵ĵӣֻҪҿڣҲӣϲС檵ĸֵܾͶµϵĹ١ĻԴ
죬ԺʷᵳӪ˽ܻ¸
Ǳ˾ΧʮԱȫؽ˴ΣѶ
ͬʱʵּǽϣ
״֪²漴ճʷɣͼȻʵͷѺԱϳ
ʵ۲ûùǰһӹٱҽʥּ˭ɣͺͬ۴ֱӳš
ֽ졣
ֱ죬ʵѸٹ٣ٿ󳯻ᡣ
ˣȫˣ
ڣƻި׸ȴֱ̱ϡ
˶֪òϳĻʵͻȻٿ󳯻ζʲô
ζűǱ˾ЩԱ˿סˣڻʵѾǵ֤
ǻʵ۳ǵӡ
ôҲû뵽ʵ۳־Ȼ˵Ĺ׺ݡ
Ϊʵ۵һʱ˾ǣԮŶͲȥֻԴС
ȺҷϣȻ̷ס
һһȭϣ߷˵
ʵ֪ڿ֮¼ʱ䣬ЩԱѾСˡ
ˣ˵Щʲôá
˵ڸô죿
˵ǲԼЩΪ
ᵳӪ˽ܻ¸ʲô
аʮ꣬Ϸˮ̰һٰʮʹϰʮʧ߸ǲΪ⣬ϵűҡ
ʮ꣬Ϊ¢һתʹ֪š
ʮԺְȨ̵ط˰ĿǮǮǮȶָ˰б˽ҡ

˵׸̨֮󣬾ʹų켺ѷȫԡ˽顱¡ຬ⡱Ϊɳ塣
ЩǾӲһ֡
뵽ҡ
һʱ֮䣬鷿һƬţֻʣı
ҲʱФĹܼͻȻŶ룬ϣšⲻ֪˭һѶ滹һţ˵Щܾһ
ʲô
׸һ
Ҳסˣ죬ȥ
ǷţٿһѶ׸Цúúã첻ݣʵۺǸ϶ɱҲɱˡ
ˣѾ˲ȥ̽Щ˭ˡ
νɽڣûա
ֻҪһܱסγԺܷ
Եڶ糯֮ϣԭΪܹ⵹׸˷ܲѵڷ׸˾ȻһȫμӴ󳯻ʱ򣬾ʶЩԾ
û뵽ǣǷѣ׸ֱվ˳
ĿɨһŵĴֻ˵΢֪ʲôڴ֮ǰ΢м׸ꡣ
˵ݣˣ㻹ˣʲôУ
׸治ɫˣһˣʲôС
ֻ֪Ҫǲһڡ
׸Ļ˵ˣҪǲԲס̨
ֻ˵ǾͿɡ
ȻͿ׸̧ˮһˮǽ
׸漴ͽܿˣ΢Ҫ׸Ķ΢ȡˮ࣬·ǽǽͷ̰ӡ
׸һ˵ţһԱ
ֱֻһ󴸺ݺݵشˮǽϣֻһ죬ˮ˽һЩм֮⣬Ȼ˿Ѻۡ
׸·ٰ֮ڲ𻵣ǽͷ̰ӣýɱ;ųɡ
ʲô
ʱסˡ
ֻ˵·ڴ··Ϊȱʯģ붼·һŢ궼Ҫ·Ϊ˲֪ķ˶Ǯ
ˮͬ׸˵֮ͣǵʱǲǿ԰ȫˮ·ͨѶо·óԶǿԱ߽Ŀƣˮܹݼķʵ̫ˡ
뵽ֻѪڡ
׸˵˵ˮ࣬γʢ١
⻰Ҳ޴ӷ
ֱӾͳĬˡ
һʱ֮䣬öһƬ֮С
ϵسĬһȻʵҪʲô
׸Цˡ
֪Ǹʵ۶ܾ˿ʢǧŵջ
˵ֻҪ͸΢һƣҷųȸϻ磬΢ͽˮ䷽ϡ
ŵ˲һ롣
׸׸λϣȻ鴫
֪ʵ۵ĿʵֻһǾջسȨ
׸ĵʵֻ˳ġ
ֻһҪǾʵ۷Źһ
Իʵ˵׸ĵ鲼£ҪǶ֣Ʊػ᲻ȡ
׸ϻ磬ʵ۱ƽȵķʽջسȨԻʵ˵ûʧ׬һˮ෽Ӳ
׸ֻһҪ
ʵҪǴӦ󣬾Ʊز׷ĵҪڸǵСҪȻʵô˳ջеȨ
νһˣˣˣ
⣬ҲҪľ档
Ϊ׸ʧȨ֮󣬻ʵȻҲͲټɵɱ˼
Ϊȵ׸ȥͿԽž֮˳ƽʣµ
ǿһ⡣
ҪȻˮ෽ӣͺɽЩӺѰĸ߲һȵ̨ʱó츣գд
αر˳аۡ
ڣ˿ʵѡˡ
뵽͵͵̧ͷ׵Ļʵۡ
ٴһƬţ˶ڵŻʵ۵ľ
ҲЦˣ˵ǾԸ
⻰һ٣еĿϲڲס
ˣ
׸ͬЩҲʱһ
ֻ˷߷ߵػȭͷ
ôҲû뵽Ȼ׸ӹһ
׸Ҳҵ飬һ͹ֱӽˮ෽ӽ˳
ĩˣݵл¡
ƮƮֽЦ˵ȷǸĺöǵҲлϾӦõġ
Ȼһתץɣ
˵ֻ꣬һ
һԵĴеĵȻֱӽ׸Χ
ӷҲôӵʱ䣬ֱӾͱһʾסˡ
һ˲
׸˴ʧɫ꣬Ǹʲô
꣬ǸողŴ͸һ𣬰ӦһŶԡ
ǰ
վȻ˵ͷ
ȻӸ£һһ䣬ȴ쳹



80 
һ, ʯ쾪
ںһ׸ſ죬ѵ˵ڸǿЦ𣿡
ֱӽˮ෽ϣȻ, ϵЦȴ˲ʧӰ٣޴ӲЦ
׸ɫޱ䣬ﻹ֪ԼǱʵˣˡ
ǲ, ܻʵ۽ԣôܳ
˵޲Ҳ˵𣿡
⻰, ˲üЦ
ʵһпǴġ
׸Ȼôġ
ָָŷգˮÿָֽ, , յ԰ҵ, ´ο, ˿, Ͳ½ʷ鹤, Ϊ𣿡
һ糯ԡ޵ۡգ˵޺ڷŹ, ˾Ͳǻһ
׸

ԼմԼˣ˲ע͵͵ī
ǲǻÿһ֪֮ͦģ
ſһ˲
պܿͷӦ˹, ˵ƾǣ
ѵˮ㷢ģ
˱˵ķϴˢϵУǿЦ
ǣŻᱻ
ҲٺǾ, Բǻػ, ֱӻ˻֣ȥ
Щһӵϡ
, 
ҾŹġ


겻ɡ
ֻû뵽һŭлðһһΪġ
ǳʱͰҲ뿴ԴҲ
˵üͷ
ΪǿɶͲЩֱӰ׸ȥпڲźãô顣
ڷӦһʶԼˡ
ֻĵѾ˻ɡ
Ӧô죿
ͷ亹ֱð
ˣ
һ룬뵽ʲôǰһ
겻ɣ꣬ˣһء
ڴʱ򳯾ֶǸɳ֮
׸Ϊʲôô죬ôңΪûбȨԻʵ۵ĵ䵽ĲˣҲֻǷճʷɣ
ǿùײʷûʮҲа˸ˣʵۻҪɱ
׸ɲһڿŶʮ򱱾ء
뵽ʱһ
ڻʵͷϵĽڣʵ϶Ź׸
һʱҵôõһɡ
Щ⡣
⻰׸ǿ򶨵΢߰˲ϸֻҪԸˡȣͽַϡ
ϵɫҲ
Ϊϣ׸ڲǵͷ󻼡
˵ȷɱ
뵽вʣҲվ˳׼Ȱ˵ʵʱȷŹ׸
Ȼѻ˵׵ķ˵޵Ȼ֪һ޸֪նݲ紵
䣡
⻰ͬͷһϵ˲ͽסˣ̧ͷŵؿŻʵۡ
ʵۡʵ۾Ȼɱ׸
Ļں档
ע⵽ĿһۣʵͻȻתͷЦ˵ڱǻ¾ǿǿܣֻһǧӱʱ򣬾ܽǧܣؽһҲƽ

Ҫѿˡ
ôҲû뵽ʹʵ¶ĲģȻ
Ҫƽ֪ʵôܱЦ
ֻסʵ۵͡
ΪҪ֪Щ飬϶ƴġ
ϾʵۼȻҪɱ׸ǾͿ϶Źҵˡ
ˣɻһ׵ĸء
뵽׹Ԩ
Ѿ֪Щֱ֮Ӹƣ֮ļ鹫֮ڵĳˡ
֪Ļ϶ˡ
εĿɲĻǹͻڡ
Բٿڣֱ˵Ѻȥɡ
ƺҲûʵ˵ĻеԹϾֱ졣
ٿŵ׸һɥӣʱһɨϵĲЦݣҲн졪
û뵽Ҳн죡
ʥ
ǵĴڵñˡ

ĵ죬Ǿͽ˷⡣
Ϣȥ֮󣬸ذ޲ѰѾ죬򳤹ϲ
Ϊˣаһֶ˼ƪ̨ʫǧš
鵽ﻹû꣬Ϣֱﳯ
ڶ죬Ӫһ򿪸ǣЭͬǱ˾ûھļҲָظ׸ĵù鰸
һʱ֮䣬˾ΪƵòӪճѺﷸ
ھͳ˽ǧӣ⻹ֻҪ֪ﳯһҲŲһǧ
ֻ׸һˣʹͳǧŰ˴̶ʮ鱦һǧ䣬ǧ򣬴⻹ɴгһƥƤë
Ĵܼңͳȷʵ۵ࡣ
⻹ʲôҪƽˣаŮʲôţŵһﾹٶûôˡ
Դˣֱ˺Ϸݣֻֽ˲ӻصϣȻ·䣬ǱʮˣҲýкΪ䡣
仰£ͷϵա¡
аʮ£˾۾Ȩġߡʮ״
ʵּݼ䵳鷶ï塢̫̫ĵʮ壬䵳𹤲ɵͬȰ塭ͬдնˣؼˡ
˰һֱаʮ²ᣬǣ߶ˣƴﳯһ󰸡
ΪˣаʮͶʮľǵնѪɫġ
⣬˵ļȰ˵£ЩĹԱϽȡ̵̺ǰ¡
ͬԤϵ֪³֮˲ϢʵֱӾͷˡ
漴ּɽ򣬽򣬲غʮʮһ
ַ
ΪܹĳйΪɣˡ
ԺҲһ
ס֣ʵۼȻˡ㣬պƱز˼
ú̥Ҫ룬ģҵĳһ㱨ģҷġ
֣һűʪ۽ǡ
ĸףĸ磬ȫˡ
һĴţ㲻ұ֤һ˵ΪʲôΪʲôӣ
ֻ˵˵ţĶԽԽҲԽԽֻſﺿޡ
˴ᣬֻĶˡ
ֻǲڣڷӦ
ǰˣҲǺ֮һ
뵽ͻȻƿ
һôˣ
Ҳؿ߰ɡ
ɫ΢䣺
ȻһЦܰұȻм㣬ҸֵѲ˸ϵһкһ𡣡
߰ɣӴԺָʹҼҵĹǶ
Ҫ׷ȥֻǲץס֣űѵһǰˣֻһɴġ
ڴĿսеɴ˵ʵۡ
Դˣɡɾ͵ķյ϶˰뷹
аʮֻ꣬£Ϸī긳˰


81 
ת۱㵽˳аʮꡣ
ԸոշŰ, ͷˣһк
ϢҰԻ衣
ȻˣҲܸ, ΪֶһīĴɡ
īҲܸˡʵ²㡭
ΪĸҲ, һ˫̥Ů
ʱĴսҲڴˡ
, ֪ıҲҪʦ, ͵òպ˵֧, Ҽպɹ, ʷҲһ治ñӡ
˻ʵ۵޵ķϳü鳼, бʡȻһеΪĴ졣
Ȼ, еļ鳼ָˡ
Ȼ֮ǰʵ۲
ɾƺʧԵ, ̲̱ƹԱȵȶڵ͢ġ֤ݡ
ٱ˼гôĽƱҲ˻ʵ۹ݺ, ʵһһƶ, ׸ֻٺͼ·һбۡ
ʵ۴ɱʮбʵ֤
ϾԱ֮ض쾵, Ҳ˾ѡ
Ҳ֪׸֪ǰһھȻ᲻жôӵظ, ȻҲȥ
Ҳ׼
, ΪǮ, 伫
ɱ˷ŻͿ˿۾ãϧ߾塣
Ϊˣı߾Żһ겻һ꣬그ߣ
Եǵʱĵһ⣬ռ֤ݡ
ִﱱĵһ飬ǽЩ֤ȫɢ˳ȥ
һʱ֮䣬Թ
ֻһУڱĿľӪȫˮƯ
ǼˣĽչɲ˳
һȥˣոһʧء
ȫûʱĺݾЧʡ
Ҫ֪͢ǿٵ
ϾʮһݾþҪӡ
Ҫǳ֮͢ǰƽ˵ˣǼʮӿ¶ò
ҳ͢ոȫĸ˰Ҳ˵꣬ⶼûʲô롣
˵ǽҪȫΧ·̣ԾǮҲҪϸ㡣
ˣڱһ꣬ڵʵ۲бʵԲûʧԽԽ㡣
ҽҰʱйݲѱԴһҪʮ߸ˣȻʵۻһ
ʵ۵ʥִּﱱӭôּĴ󳼰Ʒȸ
ֱڱһС檣ȻÿһͷƣÿϷĸӾ˯ĸС檡

Ҫǣ͢ȥصĹԱӵ͡Ѿ֮¡
ö֮ҲĲԾ
ΪһʼֻΪЩųģΪ䳯͢
ֻûȥϸ飬սͻȻֽ
ջ˹·
еǹ㹻һսʮնɱ߰򣬾Ҳﳯľܣʣµľ޲
ȵһվĽݱ͵ǵʱǱѾ˳ưԭڵļСĵȫռ
Ϣٹ𶯡
Ҫ֪̫ڻʵۼݱ֮󣬴ﳯĹһֱ˥ˣǰ䵽˱ĵز
ֻû뵽Źȥ꣬ƾͷת˹
Ĺ
Ϊ⣬ʦس죬ڲеŲ壬ٹٳʮӭ
һʱ֮䣬ټһʮչС
ֻǿֻɫЩ䡣
ȴûע⵽ɫ⣺úúãƽԸΪﳯֻû뵽սһӵ̶ûʵֵԸȻʵˡ
˭Ҳһſ˫

Ȼ֪Щֻ˵ʵأ
ҲЩΣڱչء
ƾĹͣǻʵǰӭҲΪ
ģ˵ġ
뵽οѡ
ѾɳˣҪȻˣ˵󲻾Ļֻ´ﳯڻʵ
ǣ
̧ͷʹڵķһЦ
Ȼǻ
һ뵽ĳľ̲סʹ
ս˫ȭûϵֻˡ
ڵӵɽʮѲǵֵַֻԵǸˡ
ڱôãɲΪշ
ֱڵǰЩһˣǲϸԭʵͻȻͺԶһƬƣȻһ˶ͺݺݵ
һԵԱˡ
Ͼǿز飬׼˽ǸʵĺŸҰٹٳӭġ
˭뵽ԭѺú˼ʮүȻ˵ͷˡ
Ҳ˲ˣ±˵һǻд꣬ǻȻؾǰɡ
Ҳ˲ˣǾȻȥɡ
屾ͲãҪһֻ꣬Ҫ㡣
һڹԱ𾪵Ļں棬ΪеҪǮƵģһһֱ֮ĵ׷š
һ£漴ɢȥԭĴҲ˲ͣ
Ȼʶʲôʵոһ˶ٵס
漴ૻصʮһ
ȻǵɫͶˡ
һֱʱֲųء
治ǹⲻȥӭġ
ԡīô
ŭѣټһС壬սƷʮӣ˭Ű
ī˵ϽսƷ
īڻְٰƷ˾С
յ㱧סû£̰˶٣Ժ󶼻³ġ
īûбο˵ֹˣʮŮˡ
˵꣬īһ
Ҫǰô顣
ΪԽԽãīҰ
ҲҺõ֪ļ֮ĸװ¬ƭȥ˽ҪȻָѾֳʲôˡ
ֻǣΪֵ
š
ī΢һ㡣
£ˣף
īգգۣôǰ̫һˣ
ͺ񡭡һֳʡ
Ҳգգۣ벻оһ޵Ķһˣ
ī
ΪõǷʵҾͲ֪˵ʵǸʹ䡣
Ҫջظղ˵Ļ
ʵ۾ǹʵۣʣ䡣
Ҳûж㿪ʵ۵ħצҪ֪ʵһչؾһ¡˵Ҳǲܵġ
Ͼӵô۾ء

ڶϣĵȥ糯
˼շ֮λཫҲк͡
Ÿ߸ϵĻʵۣһЦ
ɣͬǷ飬ǰȥ˼¥ʵ۾͸Һԥذ״Ԫ֮λǰ̡
ʮС檣ʵȴš
ΪȨʵҲҪ
ȴٸʵĻˡ
ֱ˵꣬ҲȻ˹بδУԳΪ굱ǰ̩ɽԸοȡء


82 
˵̹ſٵ֮, ͷΪ̩ɽ̩ɽֱΪӽĵط
ʷǡ顷вŻСԹγ˵
ҲԵĵʸ, һ, ǿʢ֮, ̩ɽйĻʵһֻλ, ʼ㡢̫, ֪, ̩ɽж
һٹٵ
ϾаȻûʸȥ̩ɽġ
Ͼʼͳһ£ƽū˿֮·аʲôȨƵ˾Ӻ󹬣޵һһγʮı̣
ڳ͢ƽ, ǲ͸Ĺ
Ҳֱ˵ʵۻʸ, »ʵ߳ŭ, ǵԴйߡ
Ҳڡ
һʱ֮䣬ֱ֮һƬž֮С
Цˡ
Ǽˣ
Ҳ, ϾۿžͿ첻ˣȴȨ죬Ҫǲȴ, Բʱ˺͡
ãҲе㷳ˡ
Ȼ˵ãȻ֪ġ
Ȼ, ڣ
󷽵ݵ΢ڡ
Ц˵Ƶ, Ҫͬٹһͬǰ̩ɽ
ǡ
ȹ꣡
ҲЦˡ
֪ʵ۾ܾջ
֪ʵ۵Ĵ, ڲеס, ǿŲ˹ҪȰ˵ʵۣͷýΪЦ
׼æֻ˵֪˵ʲôһԸɣޱ֤֮޾Ͳȥʲôˡ
⻰ǰһﻹ˵ʲôȰ룬ѣ⻰ǵ棿
գӣȻһԾŶ
á
ҧ˵
ֻҪʵ˸аʲô
֧֣һµĽչȻ˳
Ǹ꣬Ҳ꾰̫õ˼ȴһʮƵա
ȻҲԸöʮӡ
̣ƺƵɽ
Ȼˣٹ֮⣬һͬǰɽĻͷϵλӡ
ҲΪزڴԸַ˾ͳ
ѵóһˣܲԳᣬī;ʤżһ顣
ŶгҲȵݵִ̩ʱ򣬾ֻʣ²ʱˡ
һǰ˼ĵط٣սӹ֣ϷĲյһڡ
Ȼ֣˵꣬¬ܹܴȥѲӼ̳ˡ
ǱʵӦĹ챻ܹ̫и̩ҸʱȥıӵĽڡ˹ȥ
ն˶٣û뵽·
ô˵ܹ̫Ҳ˳а۶ʮ꣬ԭ׼ϵġ
֣ϣҲū澡
ʵҲʲô£ǵܹ̫ĸɶǿĹ֮󻹰ˣȥܹ̫Ҫȴźһϴˮһǰץסܹ̫ĸɶӵһѱشˣ˳ȥܹ̫ǰҫһ
ܹ̫ﱾͺ޵ĲУϻʵԽһ֮£Ȼ͵һ
Ȼ֣ʼղ²͸ʵΪʲô֪Ұĵ£ȴһûУ֪ʵ۾Ǵˣͼ£ʱԥؾܾˡ
ֻ˵û
еĲյЪɡ
Ͼ컹һϷҪء
īȥչȥˡ
ֻǲ֪Ϊʲôȴһֱû˯š
ΪĵͻȻЩ
ڱ߽ѶҲѾʵҲ;֪ļ󣬼ˣǻ
˵ﳯһƬ١
ӦþοŶԣôòأ
벻ԼΪʲôò
˼̲סͷſˣһ뵽걻׸ƵѪĳ棬һ뵽ڱʱЩԡ
ܿ͵˷䵱졣
컹δʵ۱ٹ١̣̩ǳǰ̩ɽгʮ
ֻϧǣΪʱȣԸķʹ࣬иСȻˣҲΪ˥΢ܶ෪Ѿġ
ʱٹ١ʿƼ̩ɽ֮£ʵɽ죬ٹ٣ǰ̩ɽ
̩ɽɽҲͲúһʮ峤׸ߵļ̳
ֻնһ˵ϼ̳йչеļģϻ̳Ͼ׸֮ڲϵķ飺Գλ
ٹϤڼ̳֮¡
Ȼˣ⣬ʵصΪ׼һΡ
ϣⱲҲûźˡ
뵽Цˡ
Ҳʱ۽ǵһԹķĹٱϡ
ϵЦͻȻסˡ
ΪܵĹٱǳǵҲǽʽٿŵĳǹ
ɽ
ĳֲɽġ
ĵͻȻЩɲĺϵǹɲغˡ
תͷٶ飬ŷ¾Ȼ֪ʲôʱȫˣȡ֮ȫһ㲻İףΪȫ¡
һ뵽ڱʱ򴫳Щԣ˲۾
ꡪ
ʧҪվȴʹֱˤ˵ϣԴ
ͬʱż̳ϵĻʵۣĻֱ
磬ϾܸǱˡ
ͬܲѡ
ڵȵһˣ
ʵۿ϶֪µļ̳ʮҩ͵֮
ʱȫµ˶֪ʩôϲ췣
ܣ룬ѫ׿µ۵Ĳѡ
뵽۾Ҳˡ
ֻǼġ
Ϊʵ۵ļѾˡ
Ϊϵ֮ ڴ˾з䣬׸ɫƷϵ!
ˣ
ս˫ȫضż̳Ͽա
Ȼһ룬ֻһ
ȻʲôҲûз

ЩµɫҲˡ
ѵǳʲô⣿
ֻǲǷӦǶͻȻһ󾪺ʲô
̧ͷһֻʴͻȻϼ
̳֮ϣģ̧ͷϷϼ׷ſʶ
һ룬ʴϼϤɺףţһҫ۵ĽԶֱ˷ϡ
˵ע£أŽƮ˰֮С
ꡪ
ĿɿڴĹԱ͹ȥɽ
ǳˣ
һ͡
аʮʮ壬̩ɽйϼٷ


83 
аʮʮ, ̩ɽйϼٷ
һ˲䣬ϼ֮, ƮɵĻʵ, Ժֻʣһ仰
Ȼû֣Ҳ֪ʷ׫дʷĸʽ
뵽, еĵͿȫΪ𾪺״Ļ̿֡
вԶ沿˲Ť
ôҲû뵽羹Ȼɡ
ԵùﴫĻʵгɵϢȻġ
ⲻҪ, ҪԵĹԱӶķӦ˹Ȼ׷׹ȥ, иߺꡱ͡ˡ
в¡
һɹԱ
˶ס, 죬ŵĿŰеĻʵۡ
Ψīüͷ·ڵʲô
ӦæҵذӵϷ
û˻һĻǼٵ, 
ϾǹŴ, Ķ, οɺס
СŴ˶ɵľη硣
ԿǰĳԼĵ׵Ļִ̿Ӻζˡ
ΪеľİȫѾˡ
ؽó, ͷ, ˽˱ǧսƷ, ΪľǴһ֧Ե߸ľӡ
, ֵµʿȫ˻ʵǰ
ڱɢʵ۳޵, ü鳼, , бʵ, ʵ̩ɽΪǳ״ݻٻʵ۵Աܹ˳ظĳ
ڻʵ۳ˣһԲշĻʵôܻһбʵıء
ЩȻҲͲˡ
ϧﱸ䡪
ʵϣҪɱȥ⼸Сļſת˼Ȧ¾ЩСҲʹμⳡνķ䡣
ԼĻԹ޺ͳҲ⡣
ΪԭĿģʵ֤ĵǻѡ
ȴ˳а۰շļ֤ߡ
Щʹһɨеķߺ޺ͳһѣ˿ȵͽӣ۾͸ˡ
ΪʲôʵʲôûʹݻеĲ֡
ģ
ڣٲҲûˡ
ΪѶ
ս˫ȭĻҡ
ΪʶȴĽʲô
ȵĻᡣ
Ͼûж֡ȻʵѾˣֻǲ֪Ϊʲôڼ̳µըҩûбըֻҪʵ۲֪ǲ൱ûж
ˣʧˣˣӿĶӣڻʵ۷ˣĶӲδĻʵ𡭡
ĺ˲ֱü
ֻһ룬ͻȻ뵽һ⡣
Ǿǻʵ۶ˣ᲻֪Ϊ
뵽һ͡
ֻˣܣܵġ
һ룬ʵ۵ĻʹĻ롣
޵ݶ״Ԫ֮λɽϣȡѵаֻϧջ޺͹ʧˡ
⻰̧ͷ
Ȼʵۼ˵ǲΪʲô֪
ϧʧˣʲô֪
дЩºʫȫǳģ˽ڱɢ޲бʵԣԼͼڷըȻûλ֮ļ飬дҲĶӵ¡
һҰס
һԵٹһƬȻ
ôҲû뵽Ȼһ
ģ˹ȥ
棬ΪôҲû뵽ȻǸĹεĶҹǵ鶼˳
Ҫ֪һټġ
˵Ҫǻʵ۷ĿһĳɹˣǴﳯǧˡ
ˣЪ˹ǹģ֪ҵΪȴʲôû˵ңҡ
ֱ˵ԿôҲΪһЩ͵ķϣҲɱǡ
ˣѺؾǣȦڸУ÷ų
ͨһܹ̫ȫ̱˵ϡ
Щ³һֱ֮Ӿͳĵ˹һ
ôҲû뵽Լ䵽ôһز
ضûС
ֻǸ⽨ĹŴ磬Ϊʲôʵܳɣ
뵽Ъ˹첻޵ɼ鵳ҳ١ˣ㻹ж֮񱣬Ϊһˣ󹬣Ҫãƾʲôɡ
Щܹ̫ġ
Ȼһʿʱס죬Ǹģ˻Ƕˡ
͵ؿ
ĸС˻ʵۣ
֪һ룬īͻȻܿƵڵض𣬷˰еĻʵۡ
ī۾ˡ
ԭڵĻʵҪǷˣҪô졣
ڣֻʣĵĻϲ
Ϊʵ۹Ȼûƭ
ֱӾ˽˻ʵ۵Ļ

ԭǸС
ѹʮ˶Ȣޡ
ȵȣ˭˵ء
Ͼ۱֣ʵۿ屲ôµȥ֡ǡǿǻʵ۰򲻸Ұġ
뵽̲סΡΡĨһ
Ҳʱ򣬷˵ˣ׵ٹ٣Ц˵֪޴һϸĻʵۡ
ٹ٣
˵ĺǱϵһ
ЦЦڴӴλҶٲ޳޵ķϳˡ
׹ʵҪˣǽ¡
ô˵аҲǶʮľһʱ֮䣬˾Щˡ
οʵĻӹ
һֲٿ£ƽˣˣܱˣ븩׳Ƴǰ㣬һһ֧֮ʦ
˵ĴﳯһƬ١
ԭ֪Уʵ۾ô¡
뵽һڹԱֻʣһ뷨
Գа۵Ȼʸ̩ɽ
οϵһĵ
ռ˵ڻλһ£Ҳûãߺ󣬱Ÿϣٳ֣ѡһ֮Ϊûʵۡ
ꣿ
һ
ʵһ½ӣⲻӵҰ
ôС
Ҳֲ˶ˡ
Ȼ˵ȲҪžܾ
ʮҪûйλҵĸֻ´ˣλģؿɼҲȻŲ
ֱ˦˦֣żƿɳˡ
ʶؽסƿ
գƳĽ𵤣ܱҰٲȫٵĹЧ
⻹ǰʱڴҩģƳġ
ٰ
ڳԱȫһĽؿˡ
ճǸһݣԴﳯͽλˡ
īҲ˵游ͷչһҵĸĸ
˵գֻ˳ŹϷȥһĹ˵Ӱ㳹ʧ˵֮Уֻϼòɢ
˵ʵꡣ
ڳٹҲװݵꡣ
ʷأаʮʮ壬̩ɽйЯʷīϼٷ


84 
ʵ۷Ϣܿʹ˴ϱ, ͬԤϵʵһϵȻơ
мСʹع֮, Ҳʵڶ˵ľη, ηڴǹ֮, æǲһʹǰ, µһݸ׳ƳĹ顣
ɽ֮, 漴㰴ճа۵˼ѡһλ²ż汸˼̳лλΪƽۡ
īĻʷ, λ֮ϵġ
īǸ, Ϊʷ򲢲񷨣ҹʱҶΪʵ۵۵, Ͼ۾ΪҶ̰ͣɫ, ʮ, ˸Ϊֺš
˭÷ճ, ôЩν۵㶼۵㡣
͢ʼΪȫؽΪšϴ˼ʵ۾١
ôǾ÷շǾٹ£Ϊ˼شڰеš
ȻҪȻٲҪۡ
Ϊ͢ȱľ, ϿǵЩ࣬Ҫټ, »ἤԹ, Ϊ, Գֱ͢ӾΪļ
ǳ͢涨ÿÿһжΪٸṩһµ޳, һȥŲ·ٸṩĳסǮ
ļĻ϶ҪǮˡ
Ϊʵ۵ʵ£Ǯֻܶ಻١
ΪˣôĹ󲻽ûмԹԹȺӡ
Ͼƽۼλ֮󣬾󲻽ﳭ˼ӣһսγ֧óӡﳭһѵĸ߲ЩɲԭȵԼϻʵ֮ó£ĵĶ
Щܱ߸Ѿ֮ĴﳯֱӾͽ˸ٷչʱڡ
ȵƽۼݱʱ򣬴ﳯѾ̫ƽʢ
Ƿ֮лõģһֱһٶʮꡣ
Ҳ˵շ֮˽ʮꡣ
һʱ򣬻һ̥
ԭϥֻʣŮȥʱȻѾͬá
ȫΪմ͸ǿŽ𵤡
Ϊˣλ󳼲ŻԷԽĸм;أҲûйյΣȵƽϤ֮󣬾ͰѳȨ˺ǳʲôֵ飬׶ٸԤ
ͬʱҲԼˣںǵļֹü崫ҡ
Ͷұƽۼݱ֮ʱǶµۼλּ֮ӶϮ
󣬵ʱĻʵۻصؽǷΪ񳼣۾Чҳаۡ
ĴŮ¬壬˵Ϊǰºʫȫǳ֮󣬾ͲĿధ󣬺ԥ˿ûа֮ǰֵӡ
ǲûΪĹȣ⡣
ǲ֪ԭ¬尮Ĵдºʫʡ
ͺʵ
һʱ֮Ҳ֪Ǹ¬壬Ǹ
Ϊ֮ǰЩ޲úɽ˵ݺݺҲȫˡ
֮¬Ҳûټޣʫ֮С
ƽҲʶȤԷ˿סЩ
˭Ҳû뵽ǣ¬󾹳һʫʴҡ
һͬΪ͹˵ĻīĸĸŮ׸Ҳ㾡١
Ǹӱĸһӡ
һ֣·ĸۡһʱ𣬱ȥһۡ
ÿǸ繷жģͷϣֱһưȷ˳ȥ
ˣԽԽЬӣסǸӣһߴһšҪСҲ䵽زӴ㣬С
ܿʹСӺŮ˵Ŀ
ֻ֣ȤĺܣԺܿ뿪ˡ
ȻҲûٹע
Щ£Ϊմ͸ÿһױдľ飬Ȿ飬ǿҲסԼ
ˣҲΪЩǳаױ飬֮ͬʹ߻ع֮ġ۾ͼһ𣬱紫֮¼ֵʮڡ
Һ֮ʷʱʱ͹ַһ
Ϊں֮˿çۺ֮󣬴ʵعУα꿨ߣ׵ĴԽɡ
çɾ㣬çһӵʮֻвһ£콵ʯƷçһľӪʾ׷çһľӻûӳȥԶ콵꣬ʹýˮ˺ܶçһʿ黹֪ж٣ç˸ܱɱ³
Ժ֮ʱϷçǴԽλ֮ӡ
ͳа͸ˡ
ǹͻڶˣаתͳˣѴ֮ͽԭ͡
ͺף
Ҫװдʷϵģ˭Ű
ԭᷢĴҶаۺˣϾôа۷֤ľɻôƣҲҪԸϰ
źûþձƶ˷С
ȻˣЩվ޴֪ˡ
һֱ룬֮󣬻᲻ֱӽɽ磬Եٴʶʱ򣬾Ȳ˫ۡ
ȻͶһ̨ʽ̨ʽԣٿԱߣ˵ǽڣлڵˮԼһܡ
ɽеĲ̫һ
Ҳʱ򣬵ֱŮεε˵ѽСҪˣ磬θ磬磬ֱĸǾͰ
ðɣִˡ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôջʵʵؿʼǰļ䡣
ȻͽıĹŹ
ǰգʵǸһ׵ũʮȴһֱλŮеľ˵ľ


85 
սʮ, סܼҴ塣
ܼҴشƫƧƷƶ·ϵĶӻ
ܼҴҲйݵĻԻ͡
ϸ͵ˣʱܼҴ帽ɽڳ˺¶
֪, ¶ҶĸһʳþΪ¶ζ, Ҫ, ޷˹ϡ٣ͬʱҲʳþӽβСȡ
ڹ⣬¶ļ۸һԪһ
֮˵ǶݵĻԻ, Ϊʱ˵ܼҴ֪¶ļֵ֮󣬾ͷӵŽɽ¶
ֻҪһط¶, ͻطе̺ʽҲЩ¶ûг, ȫڻҲñʱͬһڶϣеľϸȫ, طͲٳµ¶
ӶʽĲ, ¶̶̲ʱ䣬ܼҴ帽¶Դͱٴ, Ҳûлָ
ʧȥ¶һܼҴĴ񲻵òͻطũһ, 򹤵ĵ·
յĸ׾ʶĸ, Ȼ
ĸĸæŴ, ûʱչĸ׳¶ԺֻܰͻܼҴ塣
ضͯ
Ȼضͯûеõ걸õĽ£ܳɲģܿϧǣڳ˵һСˡ
Сʱ͵֮ҳߣ˸ŵԵļٵʿʦŵɹƭֱȥʱĸΪ˾ȴӣ˫˫ȥšϴܼ֡Ҵ塣
ȻΪӻͷΪĸȥ֮󣬾Ƽݵ³Ϊȡü½⣬̷һٶ򣬶Ҳ֪ǲãЩʦϴʱʮоŴλᱻ˷ƭӣȻٲһٴŻƨɻܼҴ塣
ΪһٶѾ㹻һˡ
ȻⲢ쿪
ϾһٶֻǴУһϢڴеѾǮһʱܼҴСϵļ۸һǮԹϢջĺˡ
ǰûгһŮҽֱǧԼŮ͹ڴĸо
Խµʱ䣬ĸ⳥ͱӻˡ
һʼǺڵģΪİ΢źǸֱֱֿȫжˡ
û죬Ů͸˵绰˼֮վֿƲסԼˡ
ѾûǮˣ뵽ƭ
ƭĻǱˣǴˡ
֮ǰɹƭľڣ߳һֲĿ۸˶ûʲôʶȻǵĻȫƭ˹ȥʮ
ûãǮֻˡ
ѾŮûͷҳԼǸ粻԰ˡ
ΪֵŮĻģʼҲԽԽΪסԼݣԼ鹹ʲֱЩҲ˶Ϊһ壬׸ĹһϷʱǺ׸Ӻü䣬׸һҿԡ
⣬Ҳɸġݡһصɫʡ
ûãΪǷǮ̫ˣԸǮˡ
ȻͰЩϣԺܿ죬ͽʽŵȸָЩǮ
ҾСʱ֮ǰոս赽
Ϊֱֿѡһ죬ǸյĶ
λСٵֱֿĿǰ֮һҲճŵŮҲõһЩȻܾ
ڵһĻ
գ
ǰ治һһѾ
鵽ﵱȻûֱ꣬յʵݲŻᱻ
ΪһֱŲǮԽԽţԼϲͶּҵ˲ˣֱʲǿ˲ȻͲʵݡ
ǸʱǷµǮѾǧ
ȻЩǮЩҲȱǮֻȥηóһڶ
ֻܼҴЩˣܺߡ
ϾЩǮǵǮ
ǵûеյֹһ䣬֮󻹾ȥ̽
㱳ǵļ˲֪ǳ˶ٴΡ
պˣڵ֪һƭ˻˲֮ûǮҩĶŮҲΪ鲻ԸչѰ˶̼֮ûҲڼɱˡ
ǸԭǿԻģΪݱֱ֮ѣ׵ļҲ֪Ĵڡ
ԭĸײһ¶ӦܼҵĴү
ܼǻ֪ĳʦңͼ˵кܱʡŵϺŵһҵġ
յĸ֮Ի⣬ΪĸʱѲȥˣĸ׾ͰС̽˹СչȻСһչһߺ׹һȻͱ˷ӹˡ
ʵϣڵ֪ǰϢʱܼҵϼҲүүԭ׼ϻģΪձϾܼҵѪһСܼһġ
֪յΪ֮λϼϾϻܼҵҪһǾ͵òʧˡ
ˣҲûհծΪϼԪ䣬ӵܼķ֮һĹɷݣֵʮڣշɹ涨ܼ̳һ롣
ЩɷȻҲȫܼ˽ˡ
뵽̲סһ
ȻֱŮ˵찡ұˣ磬θ磬ˣĺӰɣ
һ˵ţһһӡ
գ
ֱӹ˹صֱ䡣
ҲʱͻȻһ
յ¥һ
Ǵļˣһɣգе顭
æӭݡ
߰ӣ˵üͷĸˣֱӽס׼ȥˮݲķգţдǣǹһʣǸֲĿ𣿡
ⶼˣҲʲô
ҪǲĻܰǮ˸𣿡
ʵҲͦĵģȻˣҪǵĿʧܣǻ
ϾЩǮɶǵǮȻࡣ
յƷΪĸĸǾ˶ԵʣǻԸġ
ҲΪ࣬ǲҪһΪ˾ǵǵһ󲡵ҽҩѶ
ũ˵״ûϽݽֻ֮ܳϱлãûлֻȥŮɫ
ͷТ˳ĶŮмҶŮԸТ˳ϱŮɾֲһˣȻˣǻжϣҪΪǴҲ֪ǲǷˮãĵطҲһ
˵ǵĶŮǶڳﰲ˼ңﱲҲãƽʱϲֻļѼʱǲŻջһˣץֻѼȥԣҲڼҹ
˵յһз˺¶༼ֱ֮ӾĶˡ
Ͼں¶ļ۸ôһֳˣǿɾʮٱ׬
룺
ǮûȥҲԡ
֮ǰЩֻʮȥ
ôһ˵λ˶ʱòãǾһʡ
ҪͻȻʣһǮô죿
ȻǵĿҵĲ輸͹ϣ㿴ʲôҲ֪ʰʰҪڡǵһٲɡ
뵽ȥĸĸλĵһ̾Ҳͦյģˣǰʰһ°ɡ
ڷҪܾС
Ÿɸɾӣ̲סЦЦ
ȻղֵȥϴףЩֵá
ڴ֮ǰҪȰǰǷµĸȫϲС
ȻͳִֻȺ


86 
ֱ, յȻûȥܡ
֪ǣΪͻȻʧ٣ʧ֮ǰЩôǮ, һʱ֮Ҳò̫ǮǸСٵǸСٵ˵õһˣǰû
ЩȻַգϾֻһСС֮ı, Ҳֻû¹Ҹӣ˭˭Ӯ˵Ҫ, ڿǶճŲɣôΪôһС¾ȥ﷽ء
СپͲһˣľ˵һ, һרŷϢЦ֮
Ҫ֪ΪյͻȻʧ٣ʧ˵һȫƽ̨ƵĻͶʮ򽱽Ľ, װ˼ʮĴ롪Ϊ֮ûٸ͡
Сֱˤֻ
Ҳڷ˿ȺﱧԹΪ˿ȺѾ﷽Һ˽ڣ緽ͻȻм£Ż˲ֱ¡
ˤڵϵֻĻֱѳ, ʱһۡ
Ͼǿǹõֻƽʱڹ, ҪǮġ
Сٿŵĺ, ϶
뵽, Ϊ˷ֹСֻ, æ˵, ˵, ôϲ, æ, ϶Ჹġ
⻰Сһһӣʲô¡
˵һ룬ʶԼ˵˻ˣæ졣
ûȷ֪ʵʲôֻһµӶѡ
տ֪ܲʵһϵģĸΪ˶ȥϢǵؿǴ˵ġ
ֻһۣϳ
ȻɵȥҴյݣҪ֪֮ǰ˵˼ûվΪ˺ü
ҲյǮǴĶģɵӵǮ׬ײ׬ս˽Ҵ֮ʲô³Ҳں
ϾҲǸƭ߲ܺ
˵Ҳȷеôϲֺʧô󣬵ʱһ֣ʲôģտ϶ӱֺ
˵²ġ
ˣȥæɡ
Ȼһ֮óֻͨ˷յĵ绰
ֱӹҶ˵绰
æŲأϾǴӦ˴˻֮ǰĺ¶ֲĿ
¶ܶ࣬һΪһʹãһݾƣˡ
Ͼڻûʲôǲݾƺġ
ȻˣҲΪ¶ȷصĹЧܿ˥ϺͿƣͣΪɢ;ҺζԹŴ˶ǰ׳ʥҩ
¶ֲûôס
Ϊ¶Ҫֻ̣Ҫ⡢ˮֵб仯ֻǱ仯0.001޷ҲΪʲô¶ϡ١۸񰺹Ҫԭ
ҲΪˣ¶˹Ѷȼ󣬵ڶûгɹİ
һ㣬㻪ĺ¶ͷ¶ƶȸߴ96%Ϊ¶ԭΪ˱ǹҳ¶ڹϵĵλϻǰ¶Ӷʽڣ´ûгġƷʵµ¶гԻ¶۲ߡ
֤ݾǹ¶ļ۸Ԫһʱ򣬹ҲŲһǧһ
¶಻к¶а¶¶Ϊϡ٣ζأԼ۸Ʒõİ¶͵İ¶һߴ1.5MԪ
ԷٵҪһ¶ֲһ¶ļ۸
ǰ߷տԼоϾӦҲѲ˰ɡ
ںߣյóֻЩ
Ͼ¶ļ۸ôһ˲һԸѣЩɾͲһˣֳɵĿͻȺ
ԺǱõĹϵҪ
Ȼŷֻ
ҵһĬֲֳĶļֵҪҰģĴ󻷾£ֳ¶Ʒʱȹĺãϼۡ
Ҫǣʱ䲢ˣϾ˭Ҳ֪Щʲôʱᷢݡ
ֶֻܽˡ

ԽԽС
ϾԣĻֳ֮ڸиôֵ趨ˡ
֮ǰȥִ࣬еϡļԺԲơ
ǲϾ
ǲþҪʯڿʲôûУʯֲˣ̫ݳˡ
յӡ
ȻĿԱߵĻװϡ
Щװɲʽյλνʦġ
ùһ˷ˮƪʱֱӾסˡ
ȻΪЩؼΪͻȻ뵽һ⡣
Ȼ󲻺ʣǲŸһܼҴķˮ
ˮˣȻҲԽԽá
뵽΢üͷʱɿˡ
³̣͸ʵʩˡ
ȻûѧˮҲûܽԼȥ
νˮԪͳܣˮͱ仯ǰٿдģԵȻǼٵġ
ڷտõķˮʵɵܹԴԴϵԲסڵص顣
ôҲǷˣԷֻۣģУܼҴʱһҵ
Ҫľǰҵ˳
ĵ׶ʱˡ
ڴ֮ǰȥϵһӺһҴĹ˾˳һ
ǰΪ׼һ·ϾܼҵⶰѾЩϾˣһ꣬컨ˮ֡
Ϊ׼ĶصҴֲ¶
Һ÷մЩǮ㹻֮࣬󣬻ʣٶʮ㹻ʩչһȭˡ
ַĿʼֲ¶֮󣬴ЩŵĲһ롣
Ȼտʼɽܣ˵ˮ֮⣬ҲΪռһЩ¶ľ֡
ϾܼҴĲȻڴ֮ǰ⵽˻Եƻ¶ûо֡
Ժܿ죬ռ˲ٵľ֡
ǵȵܼҴķˮ˳ʱѾ֮ˡ
Ϊ˽Щ˳שͷһڸɽﲼ˼ٸС󷨡
ϣܼҴʹһϵףһꡣ
ڵڶϴʱֻȲˣ·Ҳоˡ
˵һ꣬˲١
ǰþûôĹˡ
Ҳûж룬ֻΪǳĹ͡
ȻԼȥ˷ռҡ
ΪķӻдҲڽ콨ˡ
ˣ¶˹оҲչķǳ˳
󣬿ﳤʵľ֣̲סһ

һ˵ǽһˡ


87 
Ȼˮ֮ĺôܶ, ЧȾǻҲԡ
ܼҴؽҰݺͳӿʼ賤ǷռҸʹΪŨ
·ͷϳҰݵǿøݻ, ǴͲ, Ͼ滹ź¶, ԱҰݸոճʱͰεˣͻӰ쵽¶
˵гˡ
ڴ֪֮, Է﷽հβ׽, ϱҲĶ, ԻСʱܰꡣ
鵽ﵱȻꡣ
ΪҪҲǷĵһ黹ûнء
ǾŻûҵء
Ҳ
ϾǰĹ, ҪһֱûҵŵĻ, ϶ǻԼġ
ҲΪʲôҪ·ĻһСĺԺ, С԰ˮصֵһԭ
ȻͰ
ڴ˸˺üǰεĲݻ׽ĳӲ֪˭͵˵£ûзϡ
û뵽ǣͬʱ, ĳЩɽ, һϢˡ
˵, ʡǱ߳һ츣ء
ҲøѵĶСӵ÷˵, Ǹ츣ر, ҲرԣҵضȲϣĳִַ, ݾġ
, ֻҰѼ, иͬסǸ츣صԱߡ
ݾģԡ
ǻŸʲôһȥסֻҪ˶츣أܶһꡣ
а˵Ǹ츣زγɵģģġ
G
ʲôϢ
ϾԷ츣ضܴ죬֪ʵжߡ
ǾҲ˼ѽ
ôܲǺϢأǻ֪ɣүүѾȥǸ츣ز鿴ˣҪǸǸ˵ĻǾܹȥɡޣסˡ

Ե磬ڸ¶ҩȵķվͻȻ⴫һèС
⣬ֻΪ˭è·ңעȫ䷽ϡ
ֱèֽһ
ȵȡ
èУ
طӦ
ѵˣ
յվ̧űȥ
̫ļèûӦֱӾͱͻȻ򿪵Ĵײ˳ȥ
ֻýڿзתʮ֮ȵ˵ϡ
ţһһèͶˡ
ǰһֻ١
һʧ
š
èҲɿذѷմһ顣
ôҫ۵һŹ½⣬ɣ
νʧʧ
èһһת
һ뻹ڿзתʮȵèһŷ˵ϣһ涵ؿŷգһѵؽ
˵ײˣǮǮҲУֻҪ԰ס
գ
Ϊ㿴ֻèҾͲ֪㱾ʵһֻٰصϻ
Ҳ֣ϾȻôڲǺ
ǰһﺦ׸һҲġ
һ뷽վͺԥع˷š
è
ϷҪôݣ
뵽ʲôǰһ
Ȼֱվ
õģ
ȻûоܾҾ͵Ĭˡ
뵽è˦βĶϵĻҳֱݶһ
Ȼֱȥjiojioеɹ̫
ǵڶϣմ򿪷ţ̧žͲʲô
ͷһŷһѼ
ȻǿѼѾˡ
һ룬һȺҰѼͻȻ˳һ߳ŷո¸½лһߴ˳·ڰڷսµѼ
԰Сʱ֮ȺҰѼӾʹҡڵس˴µľͰץĳӺιĲȫˡ
ƣ֮ǰĲݺͳӶǱ͵ˡ
ɾò㣬ԽֱӸЩץһӣǾ쳤ӳԵӡ
ֱһȺ˿һһ㶵ġ
鵽ﻹûꡣ
죬ȥĹˮСķգɾʹˮһһ׶೤Ľȫͨ죬ͷڰײ룬̫ͼ֡
üˮػȱһЩ㣬˵ʲôҲ׼ŵΪ˳־Ͱӽ˼ˮ
ڶϣһʮһʮ
գ
˰ϼҴڵġ
ǻиֵģΪٺڶˡ
죬յĺԺһȺ۷䣬Դ֡
ڰ죬յĻһƣһС˲ΣĴָϸ֡
ʮ죬յˮһѽ˿ѪǽĿ
ʮһ졭

ڶʮ죬յԺǽһù֦һ̴ڴգ֦ϻŹ֡
գ
ùϹǣ
ǻȻ򣺡ѹϰҹôĶԭ
ԺԼͦõģܵ⡣
Ȼ˺ϱһܱסɣôôҲһǧһðɡ
һǧˣҪǧ
գ
ֵǵ̴&֦
ͺί
Ҳҷ
ֻܵ˵ͷǰ
ˡ
ԼŵĲһţҲпǳҪ
ȻͳĬˡ
ʵԭֻʵʵָ¶ѡ
ġ
Էô죬ֻ۲Ϊ¡
Ȼ̧Ÿȥ
֪ǣͬʱʿЩҴȫˡ
ʲô¼ҵڶˣ
¼Ҳн죬ҫǼжںˣⱨӦ˰ɡ
ʲôǼҵҲˣ



Ÿʲôȥҡ


88 
ôľҲеôġ
ΪǰܼҴȫϷ, ڴǻû֮ǰطҰݺͳӷ賤ͷֹסˡûǰôˡ
Ϊ⣬ڷԺǽֶһһޱȵʱ, ˽, ˼ǧǮġ
Դˣֵǵ&
һԵ̴֦Ц
Ȼ, ıͨġ
һȥ
·ݵʱ, ﷽հβץֶһ
ǿ˶һ϶
ôˣ
㲻ǸŮȥȥ𣿡
, һѾ
϶ϺһЦ
϶ϰʮǰȥˣϥŮ, дŮТ˳
ڴ֮ǰһֱһסڴ
ֱȥΪ˸, Ťȣ׵, Ȼ²˵أӰ쵽˳С
ԭûаӵչ˵Ĵ, ֱĴŮɷ˵İӵ˳ΪϺÿżȥסһ졣
Ȼ˺üβǴŮŮڰǰź
Ϊ⣬ͦԲסŮģϾũĬ϶ǶӸϣԺļҲҲӡ
ڵ֪¹滮һռõһЩ, ʱÿҶֵܷһǮϢʱ, ˽Ǯֳ, ʱһݸŮŮ˼
ֱ֪֮Ӿ˵ȻסŮҲŮϴˣƾʲôҪǮŮ
֪ʮˣ
ȻСŮҲ˵ͬŮƾʲôзݣûС
Ϊ£ֱֳһš
һ֮£ɴˡ
ЩҲû˵Ͼҳ󲻿
ֻǾ˵Ҳܲ³
Ͼͷ˭ûһľء
뵽̾һ
ȻǲԼͬת˻⣺ˣ´꣬ﳤ˺öҰĢȥ𣿡
ȥ˳㿴ûа״оҵЩŮϲ԰״оˡ
Ҳȥ

ôҲû뵽ǣ鵽ﻹûꡣ
϶֮û죬ӾҲˡ
Ȼ³϶ǵǵȥ
ȻǾ֪˴ȫͶ˷յֲĿˡ
Ŵе˶֪ˡ
һض˵仰Ĵ΢Ⱥʱըˡ
ʲôյֲĿ
ȻǸõģɴ˭֪Сʱүү̿ŵʱͲѧãԳһҵͳȥȥˣûţ֪ʲôأԾ˵ĻҰǾȻҲţ
ֲĿʲô֪𣬾ȻǺ¶˭֪¶û˹ֲҾооˣô£϶ᱨİɣҸղϲ˸飬Ҳûпһƪصı
տ϶ƭ˵ġ
ʳˣһͶʮȥ
ʲôʮѹսôƯһĺԺ
УϰǮûҪȻհǮˣʱһĿʧܣǮɾòˡ
ԶԶԣϰǮûٻܼҴ塣
Ҳȥ
ȻռҾͱΧˡ
´˸ǷչǽǰͻٶʮģҲûȰסǡ
Ϊ֮⣬ҲԼС˼ǾͶôˣﻹôǮһֱƭˣȥʱǰЩǮĴڸô죿
ǮǱûȻţҲȱǮãȥһȼü֮ԺҪǮˣҪˡ
뵽Ǹӵֱ׳
ڶһ˵ķϣǲûֱӱҪȻֱԲ˶ߡ
ǮǮ˻ҪȻֱӰˡ

ҲøǾֱ˵ˣˡ
ҿԸǮԸϢԺĿɹˣҲûһϵǱҪǩһݳ˹
⻰ЩҲһ㶡
ԭΪٲҪһղŻӦǮû뵽ֱӾͷˡ
ǲŷӦǮǮΪʲôҪ˵һĿɹˣͺһϵûУ
ⲻթʲô
ΪǾͻ⣬ȻǮ
ǲŲϵ
ֱ˵˵ģǮھˡ
Ҳֱ˸ʦǩ˳˹飬ȻǮ˸ǡ
ȻǮǴЩġ
Ҳ˶ЩһһС˼û˹ɡ
ǱǼ˵һĴҳ֮⣬һΪǵĶŮǲˣһΪǴ඼ǰĸµӵĽס
˳ƺǩһݺԼϸݣԼĿôջ⳥һʧ
ֻ֮һ룬ȫΪЩ֮ǰҪǮ֪֪֮ܵľ
ԴˣЩŮǮ˶ԷȻβѣҪǿǵҪǲȥˣǱ߻ֲ㣬Ƕ˼ȥա
һȥ¶ҲʼڣЩŷ޵о͵İ¶ľҲڵˡ
ڼ仹һС
һȥֲ˵ʱҲһСˤһӡ
ȳ϶Ҫùֱܶ࣬Ӱȸˤˡ
ʹˣҽˮƽҲޣƼȥ֢˵һ㡣
ȥҽԺĻҽҩҪһ롣
ŮǾͲԸˣﰵȰҽԺˡ
ȥ
ƫƫǮ;˵ǮһŮˡ
ֻҽԺ
Ȼܳɹһ뵽ڼĲۣ˻겻ѡ
ܿ죬͵ʮһ£¶˳ڡ
ͬʱԶھǵСȴˡ
ΪͷPKӣӦʱһֱʱֱʧˣһͷ
Ȼ뵽ʲô̲ס˵Сٽ㣬ôе㲻Ծء
룬࣬һµʱʧ١
Ҳһº̨ˮֻ˲һǮ
ʲôŲһ򡣡
Сʧ
ŷӦ
ѵյǮѾեˣ
뵽Сٵ΢һЩ
նֻǲ
͸ܷŹˡ
뵽óֻҵȥոĸƪ˿ȺȻֱ@ա
ûϴĻӦɣ
ܿ죬Ⱥ˻ظˡ
ʲô
ܼҴ壿ѧĸţӵ𣿡
ʲôӵܣô֪иܵ壿
˵ĺȻǸսȺûõһλ
˼Ҳǳ壿
ȺֱӰ˰ӡ
Сٸֱսֻ
ҪĲ飬ǡ
ոʲôӵܣ
˵ˣ֮ǰ˵ǵĴع㳡ҵĹɷݣ⹫Ǵع㳡Ĺɶ֮һҿɴû˵ع㳡Ĺɶܵġ
ˣʮ򣿡
Ҳ٣ҽһ򡣡
ңҲʮ򡣡

û뵽վȻЩôǮСôҲû뵽ġ
Ȼˡ
ֱЦˣСӹ֣Ȼ浽ͷˡ
˵Ŀɲλʡ׸ӡ
۶ڳ˿ɶûĶ࣬׸ӾȻһӸסˡ
ãڲ֪ĵַߣȥ
ãҵҪǳʲôıӵ
ˣȰ߳Ⱥ֮·
á


89 
ܳ, ӻ˶ʮ꣬ûôˣ
ӻôľҵ˰¶ľ֡
ҵҪۿһĶĹ
˵, ïֱӰֻһˤȻ󺰵ܼ, ȥһ쵽еĻƱ
Ϊôһ, ̨ǰһµĽ֭ҲŲһ¡
ʱüͷ, Ϊİ覴, Ϊïղһ໰
Ϊᵽζÿïʶӡ
ݼ, ľλСˡ
Сֻꡣ
ҪΪСԸ, ƽʱЦ
⵱Ȼʲô, С峤ûرÿ£ҪǷڽ, ׵İԵܱܲ䡣
ֻϧݼǸʦҡ
ʮ֡
үӣҲïүүһ, Ϳʼڻ, 𽥳ΪߵĴʡ
, Ϊڹ˵ļȲ, ˻ڴڼ״̬
ڼǻԼĸߵûͳʦ, ҲɻᱻΪûе, ݼҵͷܼΪӭϹ˳ڳ, ֻͳʦͲڵĸ¡
ܼҲǻ˵ĳʦ, ͼ, кܱʡŵϺŵһҵģҵȫƸͳʦ
ͳʦôԸǧ
ߵв͵ռ䲻ϱͼѹĻͳʦҲڴڱѹ״̬
үӲģͳƷͬʱʼݼҵ
ᶨΪֻҪͳԽôһ꣬;в͵һˡ
ݼһҵ
Ϊڳϵľ츳ʮͱүȥѧʮʱѾRelaisChteauxʳǳʦƺţȥոմݼµİֶǳƺš
ЩҪģҪҲڷ飬ĸʱڹڣСʱļҳȫСȥμӵģȽϵƤ
Ҫ֪Ҳйھӿ˲ٱŵݹӵ֡
ڶСӰұô
ȥֺõζСּˡ
ʱûʱһԵĵ棬һţŷŽȻüͷøˡ
ïҲһŽⲻͦõ𣡡
ľͦõģϾСվٲҲĶȥ
ȴеĵ棺ĢãζŨ
ǻţţӢĲȣѡõϺõķţţɫȰһжνĢٰ࣬һȺƤˢȵҺ뿾hһƷ
ڻţҪõĢǺֹΪϸζŨ
ֹԭڴ֮ǰݼһֱϸѡôĽҰֹţţΪ򲻺ãҰֹأҹӦˣ˵ڻˡ
ܹ򵽵ĺֹ϶˹ֲģ˼ֿĺֹһ£ǽʧ
˵һˡ
ΪǰȥܲӲʱ򣬴һԱ緹ŵһɷǳŨĢζ̲סǰѯһ֪үүϼҸҰĢһЩ֮ƷʾȻҰֹҪãԱҪϼҵĵַ
ǸܹȶҰĢĻôŸһ»ţš
У
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ΪоڸʡڣֱӴһӹԼһ֮⣬ʣµĶΪïЩطϹ׼ġ
µ˲һ߸꣬ǵʾԼӵܵˡ
˵ʵΪġ
һǵһǣڱƭ֮ﶼ˾裬ΨǮԴҲǸƭӡ
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ΪҲǴųӹģҸʡ׸ǮԴһ۾ϳ˸Ǹʡʡݡ
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ǰųԹϣҷһļС

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ͷïܵҰݣݰֱӾЦˣѹ˵ܼҴǸʮƶ壬Ұݣ֪ܼҴΪʲôôˣġ
ֱҲ׷׸͵˵ǰķӾȻשء
ֻЩȵؿŲ˵ⰻȻε߲ˣȻΪʲôӲݵĲ˵߲˾Ȼôá
üͷҲܿΪܼҴŨ̶ȾȻ屶ֹ
֡
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ҲʱǮԴһ˸Ĵһ̵ݸϲһ£Ǵǲиգ
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ǮԴ˵ѣģΪһϲûǰҲǵһҲ֪Ķ
ǸĿĳϣǾÿôõĳӵӦòѣֱָָ󣺡ƬԱߵԺӾҡ
ãлл㡣
ǮԴǸ
Ȼֱתߡ
սǰһ˵ڵԶĴȥ
Ҳ١
˵طǲŷ֣ռҾȻǸĺԺ

ôһĺԺӦò˰ɡ
ˣµطСԺʮһ
ݰ˵ĺԺͦµģӦǸոսûãˣ˳ôǶǮ޵ġ
ǮԴˣЦСӵǹ󡣡
ȻĿ⿴һԽ˹ʵôһԹٵüʮᡭ
ֻһ룬ͽסˣΪԱߵǿŹ֦
֦ʵԲϸۣΪ֦֮ʱΪҹƷʵƷţղԹũһ֮¿˹֦ʹһŹ֦
ڵĹ֦ͶǴĸֲġ
֦ĸϳ֦ж󡪡2002ʱһŹ֦ĸϳ֦ĳ55ۡ
ǰŹ֦ƺǵǿŹ֦ĸ仹Ҫ
Ǯ򵽵ġ
ǮԴΪԼˣʶգգ۾ȻͿ˹֦Աǿֱ׵Ľ˿ľ
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ʵϣڳɫ
Ͼһɹĸһ͸˵Щֻǻĳʶѡ
ﲻԼͬһͷǾտûô򵥡
һʱ֮䣬ֱһƬ֮С
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ֱһѣ
ˣȥţ뿴λһȺˣתļ׳ʲô
Ĳ˵պŪ˵ıǷģԭؿһѵ࣬Ρ
⻰˿ݰĿʱͱˡ
⵽ôһ£
뵽æתͷȴͷ亹ֱð
ضǿ
ΪûϴĻФҵλڣǧ
ФҺȻʿ֮һҵǿ˵ǧ꣬ʵѾǧˣϵЩɫĺۼΪ⵽׻а
ЩҪġ
Ҫǣλô
ФҲ˵Ҳʧ
Ҳʱһˣ
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ɫȣ˵ⲻǳ¼ڳۣͰԴšյߡ
Ҳ˵¼ҵҲڷ
ЩҲǳ˾Ĵ
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Сֶһ
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Ϊע⵽ǮԴ˵Щԡ
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ݰһ⣬žֻҲطȥ
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뵽ҳһţƺʲô֮
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ϸ֮ŷ֣ʮǽǮġ
Щõ׿ˮҲɾˡ
ݰڷ˶ֻðƨɳϵʱ򣬾ĬĬذֱصˡ
ĬĬضˮһڣĵʵѾշתǧ
Ȼ֯ԣһ䡮ˮ۾ˣǴĶģѿڶˡ
ΪˮһڣȻͻΪһůǵ
ԾǸҲ֪۾Ǹöˡ
տһۻϸϸƷŷˮĿڸе˵Ƕ𡣡
ͣ
Ǹ
ЩǷ°ģϾôˣҪʲô

һ뵽ŨͻȻˡ
ҪҲ
ȻФҵںͳ¼ҵڶҵء

һΣֱӺ˵ӹԱߵĻ衣
ڶΣٴκ˵ӹԱߵĻ衣
Σע⵽˵ӹԱߵĻ衣

ôûǸܲͷ϶ŵǸеǼҵڵǸ
һ
ǲ
··ˣֵĻʲô·
ȵȡ
ǵ·ȥףٵʱڻֻĴָϸ
ôʱ䲻ͱܲôˡ
նٵ
ǰһڡ
ô
ע⵽Ŀ⣬˵ôʶ

ֱ壬æ˵ǣûУϹ˵
дܲ¼ڣ


90 
գ
ܸо¶дТĸ֡
ڲǾЩʱ
˵Ϊҵİ, ܱǸƭǣʵҲʲôӵܡ
Ȼ˵꣬ǮԴ˾æ˵׵, ý͡
ȷʲôӵ, ˳ڡ
ֱֻΪ

֤ݣЩⱭˮ, ٿԱ߹Թɵ֪ˡ
գ
˵õµ, Ѿ˵Ǹ׼ˡ
еĲ̫һ
ֻý˵ǷǵǮ
, ˡ
ǮԴ˵Դֱҡ˵ȡ
ֲɵֱǣǷյǵⱭˮԶԶǽյЩǮļֵˡ
ʲô, ǲŵתͷТ
嶼ôڶ
˵ȥ˭Ű
ѹҪԼ鹹ôʲ

ջûӹ³
գ
ʵıѺ¶Ȼ˳ƴȥתһת
Ͼָܰ򿪺¶гء
ǺԲһЩֵֹĶ֪ô½ӻˡ
ǮԴպ䳡ˣʾ֭Ѱһ⣺ˣЩҵ𣿡

գ
ĬĬ
֪ǮԴԲʲôˡ
, һЩ¶Ҫȥ, 
նô˵, ǮԴ˵Ȼܾ

¶
ǿɶ֪¶޷˹ֲġ
Ƿտ϶ƭǾˡ
뵽, ͻȻЩڴ
Ϊոյķˮζôˣôĺ¶ζӦҲĶȥɡ
ô, ﵽˡ
ڴ, ǵ۾ȴһֱŵ, ʱʱץһǱӵĳӣȻӸҡŷƨಽһȺҰѼ
ӷո¶ɹ֮Ǿ˷ܵڵ
Լմô˽ʶʲôǵΧ
ֱһѲӣѡ
ûһĹʹӵڳгһȭͷСľ顣
㡣
һ˲䣬һŨζ˿
ͨĺ¶ͬǣͨĺ¶ķ¶ζ˼ûϴĴǾҺζ¶һζӽڸҺͷһ˵ġȴ˾úĵĹ㡣
ƽ̫ϲ¶ǮԴҲ̲סӡ
ȻǲŷӦôô󣿡
ǵĿڷеź¶ϡ
Ҫ֪һ¶Ĺ3-7ң7ϵĺ¶ŵĺ¶ˣ10ϵѾ߱˲μʸ
ǰź¶Ŀֱʮϣٳ
Ҫֻ֪Ƿѡڳ¶
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ԴЩ˶ʱͼ
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ȵӦʱ򣬷ѾתͷںЩ˵ˣλүߣһȥҼңһֳ¶
˵á
صĺԺ¶ϴɾ֮Ȳؽ¶г롣
֮ǰŨֹζ˲ڿﱬը
ٿ¶ĺ棬ʯơ
۾ˡ
һԵïҲˣ˵СǳʦȻɡ
漴Ҳ˷ա
ܲԸ˵ͷãҸֺˣҲ
ٳֲǮԴ˾ҪսսķԶС
¶кܶ࣬Ϊʳޣֻ׼ˡ
һ¶嵰һ¶
ֱӸһҰѼɣûһζζҪá
á
ߣˣܡн𣿡
ܾýзе֡
С
շеѼֱ˹ȥ
ʶԱˣҲǱ˹ȥ
ȻֱӱձƵһС
һͷÿ˷Ըеı
Ϻŵζһ

ͣͻȻ١
λ񣬴ţòе˧
գգۡ
ȵȡ
ʲô
˲ع񣬶ˡ
Ȼʶͷڵж

ҪǷȷʵִͷĹóһҺܿߵԱߣҪɷǹˡ
˰ɡ
뵽һڸĵΡ
ҲȥϸΪʲôԼĵһ뷨Ƿպ˧
Ժܿ죬ƽ顣
ʼרˡ
Ȼ䲻ʵˣ
ʶصʮꡣ
˵ҽʮ꣬ã
еĶһ
ʲô˼
ôꣿ

һ϶ˡ
վ˵ˣж𣿡
ûС
һ䣬Ҷ󣬿ǲ֪ΪʲôߣȴôҲ˵
ⲻҪǣҪǣմ˿ƺվܸܵȵϢ
գϲʲôģ
Ͱͣԡ
յЦ˵Ǿ˵Ҳˡ

ֱ벻붼ѡ
ףһ뷨ֱӾܾգֻѿڶȴǣš

ԾܲԾ
ҲĸˣΪķһ˵Ҫ׷Ļ
ֻû뵽ǣ֮Ȼֱӱ졣

ͻȻеʧ
ŷӦ⡢ʲôʧġ
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ĳղûʲôӰ졣
ܿ죬˾ˡ
ïȲسһں¶嵰ȻֱӾ˫ۡ
⽹ۣζŨˡ
ҲæصͷҸо¶Ŀڸбʲô¶Ҫá
Ҳá

Ц˵Ǿͺá
ϾЩʲôʳûгԹǵۿ϶Ǻпϵġ
һԵǮԴͻȻ׷յͼˣΪտܺ˵ӣŵʵܡҿ˲ٺ¶Щ¶ҵ𣿡
յ˵ûС
ӣֻǮԴҲ׷׷Ӧ˹æ˵򵥣һǿġ
ңҴġ

Ͼôõֺ÷յĻᣬôء
Ʒĺʱûˡ
ΪƷôõĺ¶ȻҲҪ
Ծͺż
һ˵ȲΪ¶ûȫ졣
նô˵ˣǮԴȻҲû˵ʲô
Ա㣬ǮԴҲüˣԭҲ¡
ֶȴ
ΪǣϾôϣҲڸǲǸܲڵʵ
Ѿһʱ֪ͨ
ΪеĿĻûдɡ
ȻˣڵĿֶһ
ǮԴһߣȲҵ˷ա
ԵĻϣܰЩ¶ȫݼңģݼһһļ۸񡭡
ͼ˵ա
Ȼѻ˵꣬վ˵Ȼԡ
ĻȻֹ
ŵؿŷգΪû뵽Ȼô׵ľʹӦˡ
ԷյĻȻû˵ꡣ
ֱ׳һֱ򣺡ҶкøУҺݼҴɺĻôǷҽˮ¥̨ȵ£
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ջûӹһ١
ĩˣղȻˣôÿ㲻ӦҵҲɻݼҺ
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֪ΪʲôͺĶ
һʱ֮䣬Ժֻʣһ뷨
Էղв
ҷҲ˵ˣôÿôÿˣôܲ׷߶࿴ء
ʹð
ԴˣھԺµС㣺


91 
ܿ侲, Ȼֻʣһ뷨
Ǿǻͷ
ҪȻôӦһżһ˵׷أ
ҶԷǸеġ
ˣջǸеģ

ͬԼ
˵ʲôѾˡ
Ϊ˶Ѿڷջˡ
ʣʾǷ϶Ļش̫֮, Ȼֱӱס
ֱһĽס, ˫֡
Ϊ˫ڷյǰ¾ǷӲؼ,
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Ҳ֪Ϊʲô, ͻȻеɣҪҸҽ
Ծʱ򣬷ҽɿ, ӣЦ˵ôѿһ𣿡

۾˲͵Բˡ
Ѿ޴ˣⶼ͸ˡ
С
˵
ôô죿
û׼
ֻǲѻ˵꣬һ룬ֱӵͷ촽
˲ʧ, ԺҲͺը˻һš
ڷǰҲץˡ
¹⣬شǰ, , һĻ
ֻԺˮ, Щˮ桢ҡβ͡һգգضŷ˵С
Ȼڵѧ
󶼲֪ʲôʱɿôصķ䡣
û뵽, ҽǸӹҽ, Ȼʱ;ָֻʪ, ǵڶϣ촽ȴˡ
ƫƫȷֵ˻ï
գգۣС壬촽ôˣ
ʶ촽֪Լ촽׵ж

ǿ򶨣Ϊ첻Сײϡ
𣿡
ïŽɣΪǵײжأ׳ӡ
Ҳû롭Ǳ׵ġ
ϾǹҪע˰
ɲһ򲻹ЦСƭ
뵽ï̲סҡҡͷ
С壬ⱲӶİˡ
ȻҲһ
Ͼʱݼ˵ˣï˲͹˲ˣæӭȥ
ʱһ
ȻïתĹ򣬺ݺݵ˷һۡ
󲻵ȷշӦԼסˡ
ôôʧĶһΪԸ񲻺ô죿
ǲҲ̫˵㣿
뵽־ֺڡ
ܿ͹˲ЩˣΪݼ˽ˡ
ݼҹ˸Ʊģͷ˺ȻĴ磬ïĸء
ʼʩһ¶嵰
ֻһڣص۾ˣи˵治
Ҿôӵʱ䣬ԺоѾʯһһ¶
ڳŵڳ
ϾǿɶֲĿͶˣôҪǵȻҲҪ
¶Ȼûû⣬ôǼ۸ˡ
ӣǵĺʱּ
Ϊɹغǽ׬Ǯ
ҹˡ
껪¶ļ۸Ѿǽߵˣôĺ¶һǧһӦò⡣
ȥǲģϾ˹ֲģҰġ
ôĻ˵ǽܰͶȥǮȫջ
뵽Ǹˡ
ȻǾ˵ܸлѡݼΪ飬ôݼȻҲҪóֵĳ⣬ǿļ۸Ԫһ
١ʲô򣿡
⻰ڳ˲ֱۣվ
صЦظһ飺û
һΪЩ¶ȷֵۣҲΪҵ﷽աΪïѾڵһʱ췢
ҪȻΪһˣٲҪͷּۻһԱ֤󻯡
۸ʵѾ˷յλֱתͷЩˣλүǾأ
˶Ѿκˡ
ԷոɴҲԼˣˬ˵Ǿ۸ˡ
Ͼ۸ѾǷ¶ļ۸ˣǺ۲һֻǿڸиһ㣬ûĹЧ
ôöˡ
ȴûдֳĺ¶һ۵淴ӦǼͬͬŵ뿪ķռңһߣǻһ૵һһĶһĶٸӣܳٸ¶һ࣬һǧռ˰ٷ֮˵Ĺɣһһʮ򡭡
Ҳܿ뿪ˣΪҪͺ¶ȥ⡣
õ˼ⱨ֮󣬾ͿԿʼˡ
ïȴ
ȻˣïǱġ
Ϊ֪ʲô֮󣬾ͺݺѵһ٣Ϊ˷ֹٳȥۡԾͰߣ֡
ҲǾܼҴĳƷʶܲԴ쿼졣
ԭڵ͵˷һۡ
û뵽ҲڿֱӾͱץ˸š

Ȼͷ
Ҳʱ򣬷˹ïæŸѿԼҵĽעϣȻһѱסҧĶ˵㲻Ҫȥүү￴ǲɻҰĢһȥ
Ʒգûƿ
ֻܺŶ˵š
Ȼͷ֣ܼҴ岻пڸоѵҰĢ󵽼Ѽ⣬С·ߵҰˣƷʶһЩֲл߲˻Ҫá
Ҳ֪ˣܼҴ֮ܶԳӲݣҪǴӲݳ̫ˣǸæ
ֱӾܼҴ彨һֲغһֳص˼
ںӱߣвʪЬģïҲСͷ֮е㲻Ծˡ
ͱ磬С촽ϵĺһֱûȥ
Сȥʳģһһȥ
Сʳĵʱ򣬷һԱ߸ݳߡ

Сò֮󣬿϶÷Ʒͱڡ
˵ģ趼ûСͷôᡣ
ʵϣҲܾ档
Ϊûй飬ҲûкһܽӴΪͷղһĬͱʱûпڣվѾ֪ҪʲôȻǰͽҪĶ׼ˡ
һͷշ·һԵĸо
ͺ
뵽дƹˤŵ͵͵յ֡
Ѿͷˣôȥ񡭡Ҳͦã
Ȼ־ͱֱסˣ˳㻹˹ġ
Ķ˲ͺˣȴԣֻ͵͵߿˿
ɳϴϷʵ͵ͷյï
գգۣԼȻûпչȻ§С塣
˵Сͷе㲻Ծ
ʵˣ
ȵȡ
СȻͷһȣ
ï
ͬߣ
˵õעžǳأ
֮ǰڿС塣
ï
СԼ
ٵȵȡ
ţϹôһĻҲû
ï
ï˶ɵˡ


92 
ʵ, ݼǰŸߣҵ˾͵ˡ
ֱ֪֮ӳĬˡ
ȻͰ˳, ѿռǡ
Ҳ֪ô̸, ˷յ֮󣬴ܲǶˡ
¼Ҽ˵鷳ǰ, ǺˣԺǵĳһǰС
յ˵ͷС
Ȼһ˿ܳԲôණǻ
ˣһռ˴ˡ
ϾܼҴôŨܲڵĳǰֹԼֻʣһĳ, ǰҲֻ಻١
˵ǻʲôͶˡ
Ҳͦ˼, ǲҪֲ, ϾЩɹغǼδ
Ǹڷ֮ǰͳְ֮ǰֱѹȥΪֱ˳ԸյȻһصɫʣǶԷյʵҲŨȤ
ȵſڵЩǳʵݣԺ¾ûаˡ
ÿȡʱ, ٲ˸һݴ, ÷˲ټʶ
ȻЩǺˡ
ܿ죬ֲĺ¶һĸ߼۵ϢʹܼҴ塣
˻ϲ, ȻҲ˺ڲۺ첻ѡǿɲǵҪ˹ɵЩˡ
ΪôҲû뵽˵ľȻ, Ҳֳ¶
Ҫû˹ɵĻ, Ҳ, ĻΪһ¼ǧǮĹȥ˼ҵɫ
ƫƫϲûкҩ, ҾҲֲΪǿǺͷǩ˹ģҴҲȥ¡
ʵϣȻûʲô棬Ҳ֪ҪǷգݼҲܿôߵļ۸񣬶Ҳֻݼң֮ǰݷ÷յЩһǴ٣ƺԷն乧ٿЩͨԵҰѼ͵ïʢҰݣԼԼʲô
Ҳûм룬Ϊնǵ̬һֱû䣬ҲͼֻǸСͽΡ
Ҳ÷ոǵķֺʵ̫ˣϾһʼֻͶһԪѣԭǴͷһ£ǵķֺķֱֺ˹ɵġ
ǷûдӦˣϾ˲ԶţֲȱǮ
ֻҪһ뵽飬Ҫ˹ɵЩ˵ľ̲סʹ
ǸʹĻں档
˵ɾ͸ɣܿͳһֲ˾ȡʹ˾ȻܼҴȫа׼齨һֳغһֲء
ռװֵ֪ʵ壬ֱӰѺ¶˹ֲ˳ʹ˾ٷ֮ʮĹɷݣΪʵķꡣ
ΪǺƹǰģȻˣطɲܼҴ壬ˮѣԼֳ¶ڸҲͺһĺ¶ࡣ
ܼҴΪشƫƧصļ۸ȻߣǼǧĶؼһҲһСĿˡ
ƽÿÿ궼ֵܷԪķֺ졣
Ǯ͵Ҫ˹ɵЩеľˡ԰˱ΪɣǿҪЩ˿˾ûʲôϵˡ
ΪͰȥ˳ЩΪĸãǵڳ򷿵ʱ˳ѻҲǨ˹ȥ
ڶܼҴˣȻҲ첻ܼҴĸˡ
Ϊ⣬ǲû
Щ˹ɵ˵ĻڿɶܼҴء
ҲٵԼԺҽҩѶû˳ˣҷջ׼ÿ˽һĺԺϣϾܶסĶש
ҪǣһǵĶŮֻҪ۲Ǽķֺ죬͵úúТǣܻĸһЩ
ȻЩҲǺˡ
ܼҴֲغֳؿҪ滮ɹʱһߣļһ֣ȷֳһ¶һкɷ֣ӪɷֶԶͨҰ¶֮ݼ¶Ϳʼˡ
ǵϣо˺¶˹ֲĺ¶ĿڸԶڷ¶Ŀڸ֮ϵϢ͵š
ڶϣž΢ѡ
󣬸·V׷תϢϸ˺¶ĻҪԡ¶ΪʲôôԭԼϵǱŷ޸Ϊϵ¶ֲģŷ޵Щ¶ȴһֱԸָɡﻪĺ¶Ǽٻѹͱͻ¶ʹ¶ۼ۳Զڹˮƽʵڻŷ֮ǰз˺¶˹ֲҪ塣
Щռֱ˻˵ģԺܿ죬΢మһˡļͥȺﶼת˱šǻˡһӣиĸĶĹں¡
Ҫ֪Щɶˮ
˳ش硣
Դˣ۷׷ס
ʾ֪¶Ȼڴڱѹ״̬
ΪһͳʦǾ޷Ϣ֮ж༤ͺܽ
ʵڴõĺ¶Ǹʡĺ¶ΪܵЩ۵Ӱ죬һ˵õĺ¶Ǹʡģ;úûеΡ
Ǻ¶ʡĺͷģζǴӪֵ˵ûвƾʲôĺ¶Ҫһȣ
ԲžýǰǧټƵҪѹǻתƷʱǺõĺ¶
ʹ˾ţ

ҲʱϵĹٲվ˳ϽԪÿļ۸񣬹Բĺ¶ͬʱ¶ļⱨ˳
Ժܿ죬ϢͬϢһ𱻶ǰ塣

塢һ
ȻԤϵ¶ҿܳԲ𣬵û뵽ҲҪȥ
һɲ˵öǮһ
ģ
ҾͦãҪȻǵĺ¶Ʒʱȹã۸ȴȹͣǲ𣿡
ôһ˵ͦе
¶ļ۸ôߣֻҵȱ㣬أ

Ժܿ죬ϢͱڵѴϡ
񵱼ˡ
νĺ¶ʵļðƷҵڲǳʶ𣿡
ƾũҵҲз¶˹ֲ
Ȼŷ޵һɭ⹫˾ߵļⱨ棬ֻ˵ǾڿսҵĻPSĺܲⱨPľ͸һ
˹ֲĺ¶ȻҰĺ¶ζҪã
ǻе㳣ʶͲῪĹЦ
ߵģֻǵ̬ɸ߸Ͼˡ
ܲеӣⱨҪǼٵģɭ⹫˾վһ˾ˡ
ˣӪֵḻ˵¶ĿڸоܱȹǵģϾ˹ֲ߲ôҰ
⼫пһҪȻôǰŸմ˹ֲ¶ɹϢžʹǸνϸ߼չ¶ϢҼ۸¶֮ࡣ
ûһĿҲԣΪ˺̧¶ļ۸Ϊ¶ĳԤȡ
ˣţ͹ļ۸ġ
һǽ࣬ҲѾ׬˴ѵĳƱ
ԭѹЩ˱յô
û뵽ɣĿѾʶˡ
ǲϵġ
̧ͨ߼۸񣬴̼ȥںƷǵʺ¶ȥɣ

ѶʱˣȻߣӣ׼ЩĿ˵ļһһϸµʱһʹ˾΢ûͻȻһ
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˳ĬѿᡪЦģ

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ѵǿ仰ʲô˼
ҸǷ뷭룬˼ǣ
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93 

ټӵϷɻ, бˬ
ұЩʵ̷ȫƷ˾Ըõĺ¶˵ʹ˾ֱҵ𣿡
˰ˣ

һʱ֮䣬˻ֵϢ
Щȴըˡ
Ժܿһ۾͹˸ƽ̨
ʲôûгڵĴ㣿ҲǸҳڰɡ
Ϊһھԭα¶, ʱô׬Ǯ
ν¶Ҫıȷ¶ƷʻҪãҾ͵ʺ
˲ţƻº, ȥˡ
ˣνʹ˾Ϊʲôڷôľ֮, ȴվ˵ǲ׼ں¶Ϊԭֻƭƭǻ˶ѡ
û, ǹһˮ, ν¶ȷ¶ƷʵĸǵİһȶȣȻϢ⣬ǿ϶Ҳ³˵ʱǺǻΪ, ҲӮǣʱվԼ׼ں¶, Ӯȡǵĺø, ʱĿڱȶȶˣɲܾĸ²𣿡
ǻ˵˵, ͽлۡ
Ҵӽ, Ȼɹˣ
ԴǣǱ˵ˣ֪𣿡


Ȼ󻪹ҲըˣΪЩ治ĳЩġ֪
ǾûϸԼ˵ġ
һ, ԽȻԽ˵ƺ񡢵ȷеӡ
ǴֵٶҲ
ⲻ֪ϵȵľʱϹٲֱӷһ΢΢Ҳܼ򵥣
#ȺܸлҶ¶Ĺġ
, ڹᵽĳҲȷ, ϾˮĻ, ¶Ҳô̵ʱ
¶ƷʾǱȷ¶ƷҪá
PSͬʱӭһ۵зԺͻ̬ȵǰаƷƷ֮ɼԼĹ۵㣬ôΪͷѣΪеĳзá
PPSǰƷĿǰԤԼ#
ϹٲֱŰĲ˵
һͨĲƷۼ۴ӰʮԪǧԪȡ
һ¶ײͣһһƷײۼ9999һʹײۼ19999

ԭ˵ϹٲֱӾͳ˳̹ϣǾ䡮¶ƷʾǱȷ¶ҪáðȻҾͿŲ˵۸񡭡Ϣ
죬ҵ洫ƿù
ڵص㲻ͨ˳ԲԵ¶Ʒʱȷ¶Ҫõˣ@Surplus@Rely on@ȡбϴб֤һ°Ͽɶ˵ˣҪ¶ƷʱȲϷ¶Ĳͷѣǳезã൱һǮûһ˰
@Surplus@Rely on@ȡԸϽģĥߴ
@Surplus@Rely on@ȡ˭˭͵ʺ

ǵţ
Զڷ֮ķRely onʵֽMichaelЦһظ
ȻûȥȴٹڻıһڴѧѵӰ£ѧĺ
֪˶սթѻƪĴڡ
˵һ֪ʳۼˡ
ʼΪ㻪з˺¶˹ֲҲֳ¶ʵĺ¶
һжǸνϵĻԡ
ΪʲôĳŵMichaelǺпǹʹթΪľǻסҪȥ֤ˡ
Ͼǻ˹õļ
Michael¶˾ģȥҴǵĻԡ
²˳٣Michaelʹ绰ȥԤͣȻֱӶ˵ڶϵķɻƱȥ˻С
طʱǵ賿ھƵϢһ磬˾֮ųһȥĳ⳵
ҲȥƷ¶ģ
˾ʵ
Michaelһ㶣ǵģ
ʶʵܶȥò𣿡
ࡣ
˾Цѣ⼸ҽ͹Ŀûʮа˸ˡ
Ҵ󲿷ֶˡ
⻰MichaelͻȻֵֹĸо˵ĶԾ
ܿ죬͵ˡ
˾ЦĸˣMichaelƱݸףò졣
ϾԺϱƾ֤
ΪˣMichaelŹˡ
ܿͽЩͷ׵Ժ˳ſӭԱĻӭУ̧߽˰
Ϊֶǲװ޻Ƿ϶һģһϣMichaelAdrienҲġ
ⲢҪģҪǣѾҪˣо˶ˣмģˡ
Ϊ˱˵˽ȫŽ˰ᡣ
Ҳͬ
Ϊϳ鼸һģһ
MichaelͻȻ뵽һ⣬ǾĲ֪ǿ̬ȷἤǵ淴ȻʹǶϹƷν¶
뵽ͷͻȻһ
MichaelͲΪȻҡͷЩЦ뷨׵Ժ󣬱Ͼν¶Ʒôܱȹ¶
뵽MichaelߴԼԤĲȥ
9999ײ͡
Ϊǿ˸ͣ߼۵ײȫ˷ʳġΪһԣĸ߼ײһѡƷʸõʳġ
ܿ죬߾Ϳʼϲˡ
ȻûвҴţһ˾Ǻ¶Ϻɳ
߽ܵɳõĺ¶ǵ¶֪¶Ŀǰĺ¶û֮һƷõҪƤͿֱʳá
ԭһһ䡮¶Ŀǰĺ¶ʱMichaelӦЦŷŶԣûѻ˵ڣһζʹܽıȻͨ¶ζŨθḻ
MichaelɫʱùŹӣһɳ˿
Ȼ۾
һҪݣֻ˵ζյ⣬ںŹ֡ϢҶ־ã񡭡
Եȵعʱ򣬲ɳѾԹˣĺ¶мҲƬɾˡ
MichaelŸɾԵӳòĲ̣סˡ
Դĵһ뷨ǡ
ⲻԣ
¶ƷƺҪ¶Ҫã
˾ȻĲթƭ
ôܣ
ܿ侲⻹ֻͷ̶ѣ˵ֺ¶ֻʺɳأ
ɵһ㣬ҲΪν¶Ʒʱ¶Ҫá
ĻһԵϵЦȴֺ
ͷ·Ѿĳ档
ܿ죬ڶ˾ˡ
ڶƤ¶
һˡ
MichaelӳһڣڶΡţĺ£¶ζҲԽĴ㣬Michael˲սеס
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¶嵰⽹ۣζŨ
һγ֮Michael죬ȴʲô˵ˡ
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һҧڳ˸ո̼¶Сš
һôҪǲǳԹ⣬Ǹ
뵽Michael̲ס˫ۡ
ʳۼҵĿʱô򵥣
ֻϧЩƷķ̫ˣûгԾˡ
ûϵûϡ
Ҳεʱˣǻţš
Michaelüͷһ塣
˾Ȼú¶ģ
ŷӦϾ¶ļ۸ôôÿһ涼ź¶
ԲMichaelڳĺܶ˶Լͬ¶ʧ顣
ߣţǵƷ˴ͳţŵǴµؽֹҰţξ
⻰Michaelһ
ţΪʲôѡúֹΪԭϣ
ΪֹֽţŹ˼ΪĿڸкţƣҺֹʺ֭ţŲţŵĿڸвΣʹţŸӵ۶֭
⣬ҲǻţܳΪһӢ˵Ҫԭ֮һ
Ȼ˺ֹ
һ㣬ǶԵġ
Ǿǻʦ͡
뵽ԾһǵMichael̲סһ
Цһţͽ
һ룬ɫͱˡ
Ϊţڵһ˲䣬Ժֻʣ֣ϸ֭ۡ
ţξļ룬ţⱾζΪһݿݵϢڻϼ֬ζζƾžޡ
ǻʦʵ
MichaelĬˡ
֪ܳһЩ⡣
侲֮MichaelȻ
ϵˡ
ԭ˵ĿǼǵĺʤĺ淴ȻʹƷ¶
ݻţţ˵Ҳλײôǵġ
뵽Michael˵ˡ
һǶԵģ˹Ȼսթ
˻Ƣԣοǡ
ȻǲܰôǿԶʧȥЩͻ
ҲʱһԵ˵ԽһͺĻӭƷǵĻʹײͣʹײ͵ȻҲǻţţõĢȴ¶
¶⼸֣Michaelʶ˵鷳ԤһϵĻʹײ͡
ͬʱҲһ鷳ҲԤһĻʹײ͡
ǲŷӦ
Michael
ˣ
¿ͻȻ
Щ߲Ρ
һʱ֮䣬ֻʣõģ
ǲ֪ǣͬһĻѾڰ˼ʮΣȻȥ
Һܿ죬ʹϡ
ǵַˡ
˰ɣ
ǲ֪Щֺ߽ٷǽжЦ
psǻеһ⳵˾
˵õҪʺأҹӻСʶ׼ˣ͵ǿֱˡ
ֵĿǰΪֹûмʳ͹վ¶ƷʱȲ¶Ĺ۵֮Ϊʲôϸҷų˳ԵĲͷѻзõĻˡ
Ϊ㻨999919999ȥԷˣôܻһء
ҲϺʹ˾·ˣûڣҴƭǽԣ
ԭӽȻɹˣ



94 
Դ, Щȫˡ
ǲǾưոˡ
ǹŲ˵ֲĺ¶Ʒʱȷ¶ôˣں¶¶¶еļƷ, ǵĺ¶ٺãҲܱȹİ¶
¶ζȺ¶ˣҶһ޶аɫʯ֮ơ
Ұ¶رϡ٣Ϊ3֣Ҫ֪ͬϡʳĵĺ¶İٶء
Ϊ, ¶Ԫһʱ, ¶гѾ쭵Ԫһˡ
û, Ԫһˡ
Ҫ֪ڵĻ, ܴһִһĹʶûôࡣ
˵һ1İ¶ĳ20Ԫϵˡ
ȻȻǷӦ, ʹ˾ϵ΢ͷˡ
ʹ˾Լз˰¶ֲѾֲƷԽԶ¶¶, еŰ¶Ҳ1.2֮ϡ
ǽÿ20Ԫļ۸չʹ˾¶, ʱӭʳǰƷ
Դˣһڻѣ
ûпЩһ˵Ļ
˭أ
ͻȻеЩϴô죿
˭أ
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Ҳ˵ʲô˹ֲİ¶Ʒʿ϶Ȳİ¶ˣϾǸոձ׵ûȬأ
˵¹̺͵ʾͬ˰ٷ֮ˡ
ˣ¶һڶ졣
ϵĹƱҲһ·ָﺣ⣬ںܳһʱ䣬һ
ݼ֪̲ĵǺܿͳְȶѹȥ
ΪǳȥǾͲˣڸ˽ˡ
Ͼ˵ǮǺģǵܴٽξò
˶ÿһͶǮȥԺ¶ײ͵ģپݼԼ᲻á
ҲΪʲôϻȼ֮΢ϰ¶ײ͹ʱһ𽫲ճ˵Ҳ˳
Ҫǣ¶ײľ󲿷߲˺඼ѡõܼҴ߲˺ݣʳƷ¶ײ֮ҲЩ߲˺ƷʶһҪãȻҲԸǰòͣ˳һ¶Ʒ
Ϊ⣬ϲɹ߶˲УȵܼҴ߲˺ܹӦµĲʱôҲڻĲʷŨīزʵһʡ
һȻԶˡ
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ֳǱߣΪѡĶǰļݽɢѾʼµˣȻڸвһֱɢܼҴļݵĿڸкãѾͬƷƷҪ΢ôһЩˡ
ͻȻðİ¶ǾïĹˣΪݼҵĺľ֡
һĶĶ˺¶ʣµһĶֵİ¶
Ȼˣͺں¶ļ۸ϣϿļ۸һȴһչһ˰¶Ȼչ۸ߴÿʮԪʵļ۸ʵʮһ
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š
Ẓ́ɳһ
ˮ͸ɹǷմܼҴģԵľӺ֦ˡ
֦ǿŹ֦ĹӣʱһİٶӣǧһҰĴԽĹȻȫ˷գջһЩңҲˡ
Ҳһϸ·ſڵǿһٶ򣬶Ƥð㣬ҳԶҲ壬ҪֻҪϼţƣȥ߰˰ˣԳԹһ֮˻ؼ֮ȳһЩˮ͸ɹϰߡ
ҲʱԵֻͻȻˡ
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ɨһۡ
ֻĶԻдţ磬ҪǮˣΪҸĲʮܣ𣿡
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ڵ֪վȻĺйϵΪ֮ĵһ뷨ˡ
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Щˣ˵ȻҲΪʶһ㣬ԲŲҵ
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뵽Сٶʱסˡ
Щ
ŹʮӣСȴѾȥ˴죬աһֱûлظ̲סдȻˣûʱĻǾˡ
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ˣ
Żع
˵Ȼȣ
ս˫ȭһ뷨Ƕ˷յĵȡ
Ȼڵ׼ɱԡҵʱһ룬ĺͻȻһ
ҲĪظŻ
ͺȥҷյ鷳һ
ûģо
ҲʱԡˮͻȻûˡ
ȻϴˮѾźˣ׼ˡ
ʶһ㣬æҵذֻŻԭء
Ȼһ룬վ˳ˣȥϴɣ
򶨵Ӧһš
ΪһԼĵС
ҲΪˣŭϡͿľûˡ
װʲô鶼ûзӣҪԡȥ
Ȼһ㣬ǾǿϢҲСʧ
߹ȥ֮˳־ɳϵֻ
ǳسԵ̫ˣᵽζʱͷڡ
Ҳһֻ̤ԡҵʱ򣬷ͻȻ˵ղſҵֻ

ĽŲ˲ͣסˡ
ĵͻȻֲõԤС
һ˵ûʲô˵𣿡

ˣ
Ȼ˵ͻȻе㻳ɣİ𣿡
ΪҪİҵĻôڷҺʱһ㷴ӦûС
ʵϣ˻Сˡ

⡢ôĴأ
æתȻϷһįӡ
տ֮Ҫ侲һ¡
˵꣬תȥ
״ʱˡ
ôһ˲䣬ȻĲ˶ԼĴĸо
æ׷ȥһסգ㣬ߣҵĴ
״ʲôطţ
ף˵Ҫôң
һʱ֮ûܷӦʶ˵ҪʲôҶԴӦֻҪԭҡ
ǲ˵꣬Ц˵һϴ衣
áţ
ʲôطԾ
ôͻȻչһϴ裿
ֻǲӦѾƽԡҡ

ڷӦ
æҵҪƿգѾ⵽һĿ˲͵˵ϡ
һ˲

ڸսԼĲܻӭü
ˡ
Ժܿ죬ԡʹҵУ̫ˣ¡
ԼպСҰè£ġ
˯ȥʱֻʣ뷨һϵˡ
һȻһѾʲôûˣô̤ǰĺأ
ȻЩҪġ
ҪǣڶϣһԵܲ顣
ޱˣСƲɣ


95 
ǵ, ֱֿСƭδ˿ȡĸ֧˺ŸˢԼ츸ĸŮԶĲƭȡ˿͵ѵβ͡
ֱֿһҲˡ
ȻͬСҲΪǶСδ, ԲŻַ̧ŹС١
û뵽ͻȻСٶˡ
Ҫ֪ϿǷյĺ鰡
Ҳɵ, ԺܿʶԼܲ´ˡ
, ҲͿСٲ˳ˡ
ϾҪСм, Ҳᶪô
Ժܿ죬ԽԽĹСٵĳű˳
ǽƣȻСˣ
ǰֻ첻ʱ䡣
ˣ
ˣոҲ
ϾΪ飬СҪʱԵ˴⡣
ֹһ£¶ȫΧȳȥ, ˣÿкܶʳҴظ԰ÿӪҵɲơ
ҲܹϢˡ
ǾһܼҴ壬ҪΪ˽һ¶˹ֲרȨ⡣
Ϣһ, ֲ˾¶ǺͲ޸ϵĺ̶סˡ
ԭܼ򵥣¶ʵ̫׬Ǯˡ
ӷĶؾ׬ڵϾ֪ˡ
㷽ȷĸֻܼҴֳƷ¶, ĵطֳֻͨƷʵ¶ǻǰ̵ĸܼҴ塣
ϾͨƷʵ¶, ۸Ҳɲư
ǿ, һררȨѪ׬
Щ, Ͱܼҡ
ܼǻĳʦңͼ, ԭкܱʡŵϺŵ, һҵġ
֮˵ԭ, Ϊϵĺճܼҵĸߵڻеĵλһǧɣ벻ļ
һ뵽ͥеĳ棬ڶ³칫ҷ񱨱ү̲סֱӽ񱨱ݺݵˤܳϡ
ǸʲôԵģ£ϵҵóӡ
ܳġӡͬʱҲεܾ
˸ŵܳͬһࡣ
Ȼ֪үܿŭΪݴǸˣҵλͣ¼ҵĵϵӵǰҴ˵ԾٶֶΣҲպݼϡ
Ҳҷֻܰĵ׵ķŭѹȥ˵֣Ӧô죿
ȥи߶˲гҲûܼҵ֮أǶ԰ٷ֮ʮĲҵи߶˲гܼ˵֮֡
үӵɫѿˡ
ΪҲûʲôð취
԰칫˲併˱㡣
ҲʱܳɵĶܺ격ͻȻ˽
ү˲üͷǳģʲô
Ҫƽܺ격϶һʱڨЦϴȴţһ˷ܣ֣үүǲҲ鵽ʲô
ܳҲüͷʲô
ܺ격үү̲йһ𣬺˷ӹˡ
⻰үɫ˽
ܺ격֪ƣ֪ܲܺ격еԪ䣬ѲȥһӣͰý˹æչ˶ӣһʱûס°ͺβȻǸӾͱ˷ӹˡ
Ȼ֪Ҳܺ격̵ֱʣǵʱС棬ҲĶӣҲû׷顣
ܺ격˵飬϶ʱЩҲסúõЩʲô
Ϊһ۵㣬һ֤ɷøסø׵۵㡣
ܺ격ϵ˷ȴֺ֪ǸվĶӣ
˵ʲô
үӣܳɵɫҲˡ
ĵһӦյʱ϶Ʋ
ܺ격
үΪʲô֪ʵʲô֪
룬տ϶֪ЩΪʱŲһ롣
ڵݣһܼң¶ȻҲͲܼҵĲƲ
෴ܼ˵վһʮĽȣǿյѪףʱֻҪǶ˵ûղȫ
ʱһССݼʲô
ܺ격Żֵô˷ܡ
ܺ격뵽ģүӺܳȻҲ뵽
ǵ۾Ҳˡ
ܳɵ˵֣²˳٣ھȥա
үҲѣá
˵˵ʡķɻȵܼҴʱǵڶ硣
ȻǵĳӾͱ˴ڡ
ô£
ٿǰ棬ʹ˾ǰĿյѾһˡ
ܼҲֻø˳
˵طŷЩƺרȨ顣
һ˵˵ģȻԤϵ˶ЩרȨ˺ܶ࣬û뵽˾Ȼô࣬ǱߵȺܿȫͰĴǵũҵ࣬ȫҼû˼ҵͷࡣ
бĿʵ̫ˣϾǿļ۸ޡ
ɲǡ
Ҳ׷˵
Ľľݼˡ
˭أݼۿžҪһɳˡ
ҲģûܵʲôӰ졣
ˣԭݼҵĶͷļţ
ǻܼҡ
ҿɾͲˡ
⻰ܼ̲סЦ
ʶתͷԵôʲôط˵Ĳ𣿡
ܺ격̲סݼʲôδһܼҵġ
ܼң
ԭЩ˾ǿеܼˡ
뵽˲ЩΡ
ЩҪġ
Ҫܼǲ̫һ㣿
һܺ격ƺģӣ˶ʱȻ򣺡ôҲѧݼһѼӵ͸
Ǿ仰ںӱߣвʪЬģҷպûҪ֮ĹϵԺܿ죬Сϲᶼ֪֮Ĺϵˡ
ǿɲͷమġ
ʵлûһమ˵һһˣûȷ˹ϵ
ټл¶棬Ǿ벻붼ѡ
ôԱ·

ܼ˵Ҳˡ
ܺ격˵ʲôأ
Ȼָүӣһλүү
ڳˣ
ܺ격ΪǱסˣʱˡ
һһ˵ˣǶװӵģǾȻװүүˡ
Ͼ˭֪յĸǸ¶
ܼˣ
ڳˣ
ܺ격˵֪ʲôǼүүүСʱ˷ӹˣҲǸողҵ
ŷӦ
ˣܼҪûȫİգôô
һת˲ԭˣϲһ
ү˵ûڣݼʲô
׼ʲôʱٰ磿ʱһ׼һݴ񡣡
죬ÿȥ

룬Ȼܼյ壬ǲлܼͨҺմϹϵ
⻰үҲһĨ⡣
֪ܼķգ
˵ģҪԼ˻ôһûʰˡ
ΪļǵãԭܼżȻ䷢յĴڵʱΪϻ֮󣬻𺦵ܼҵӵܼķ֮һĹɷ൱ڽʮʲļ̳Ȩ£ûаջ弸ǧǷܼҴһ޹Įڼɱˡ
Ȼյȷ
ܼҲûкõĶȥ
ֱӷԸïǸϳȥ
ˣҸʦǣҪ̵Ųû
˳һ䣺ҸײǱ˷ӹˣǱڵϷģܼҲ֪ʵ顣
˵ţ˽
Ŵǣһ֪ͷϡ
չϻïӵƷʷӵ쾡¡
յĻеͬ鷽յï
У
ȵïһߣվ͹չ˫ۡ
ֻû뵽ֱ֮һҧĺϣ֪ô˵ҵ𣿡
ˣף
Ǯ
գ
һΡ
ǮǲǮġ
⳥ҿ⳥һӡ
뵽ֱӰǽϡ
Ծڷպܵʱ棬ţĴǾȥ
ܼ˶ˣʲô
ǿյѪס
ǲǰѻ˵ֱ꣬ӰӳܼҴ塣
ï̲סһۣѪףƾǣǰ漸ʮ궼ҹȥˣǾˣΪɵӰ
үӵƱǰͨŲ㣬ǲһֱûҵˣΪյˣǲ֪Ĵڡ
ïЦˣ⻰ҲƭƭˣˣҲǻˣ˵֮ǰɴû˵㻹иߵĴӣҲû˵ҹ
ǲˣǺϵǳܲ㵽ʧࣿ
⻰ܼ˵ȫӲˡ
ǧ㣬ôû㵽һ㣿
ïŲϡļˡ
ˣ˵ҸʦǣΪҪû̵Ų
ܼ˵鳹ױˡ
ǾŲѣڱ᧿Σ̵ٰŲҪȥϿɾҪˡ
ܼôҲû뵽ӡ
Уǲô
ҪգǿԸ͡
ïҪȻֱӷŹˡ
Ҳû뵽ǰһ뻹ܼһͳˮ
һʱ֮˶ûзӦ
ȵǷӦ֮󣬿ܼ˵Ŀжʱ˼ֳ
Ͼܼ˸ղŵӣǿɶء
ںˣ˰ɣ
ܼʲôʱܹ裬ŭΪղڣֱӽìͷ׼ïΪݼʲôöҪǰС˸üǮΪݼڵķ⡣
ïըˣϺͷյĺݼմ˹⣬ݼҲ˲Ŭƾ³Ե
˵úǾͲԷյһҪȻվ
Ҫǣܼ˾ȻС塣
ӣֻܼΪԼĻïʹǼ˵˭֪ɫˣɫ˥ۣŰɣȵܼҵĽݼҵ졭
ʱͻȻ쿴΢Ҫˣˣ˵֮ѡݼҺҪΪǰֺˡ
ï
ܼˣ
ڳˣ
ïȷӦޣ˵ˣСమģǾŰɣ
˵꣬Ҳٴܼˣתˡ
ܼ̱˵ϣȫǲš
Ȼպ죬Ʋˡ
ݼҵҲûзŻ¡
Ͼײ˶ѾˣǾٷҲ޼ˡ
οںôԸˣܱųչһҪǿ


96 ҽ
һϴʮꡣ
Ƿ͵һ, Ϊ֮ĵûٸʲôɧ
, 뿪ʱҲϴˡȶ˹Ͽҵ˾ٿʯļ۸񣬶ղٿ¶ļ۸񡯵Ĵԡ
֪ʯ21ȫӪƭ֡
Ϊʯڹҵϵô, ļֵҲ, ʯĴҲǾ˵ģǶ˹ĲƤǿӵʯʮ֣ȫʯгǧ, Ҫ֪ʷҲŲǧꡣ
¢Ҵȶ˹Ͽҵ˾Ϊһ䡮ʯԶ, һϴԹͬʱʯĿʹʯļ۸һ·ǣΪݳƷĴʡ
ΪʲôСȶ˹Ͽҵ˾ٿʯļ۸, ղٿ¶ļ۸Ĵ, ҪΪȻųʮרȨȴҲϸ涨˻ȨĹ˾ֲֻĶ˰Ķ¶, ȷƷ¶ļ۸ʼձڸλ
ϾһȫĲƷҲס
Ȼһܶ˿ܻѲ
׬ǮҲȫȥˣǿҲٸƶˡ
ݼǱߡ
ףʹ˾ܼҴаļǧĶؿʼ߲˺, Ϊ, ҲΪ˴ٽҵƽȽչЩֻһСֽݼҵµĲ, 󲿷ֶ۸Ĳ
ڶ, ǲ
ݼ»Ҳѡֶǲ, ļҲѡһǲ
жʮʹ˾ʳĵĲҲѡֲ֮в
һжڳүεķչ
ٷ뿪ʱ򣬻Ϊӵ230ֲһٳΪӵֲĳС
Ҫ֪230ֲһ벻ʹ˾ĺ顣
ϾܼҴĵֻô࣬Ҳޡ
ʵ֤ƶϷֻûץס˻ᣬԵǷ켫
֮⣬뿪֮ǰܼҴ塪׼ȷ˵ǽܼҴˮ͸ҺЩ
Ͼദô꣬黹еģˮأܸĩʱһݱϡ
˵ˣǺôҲôģôҲñʾʾɡ
ԻعԼһӣջǺġ
˵Ӧû׬˲ٹ¡
뵽ֱۡ
ȻǰһŲϵ
գ
һ룬ǰļͬˮһӿԺ
ǰգʮ꣬ǸŴס˼Ҵ塣
գ
ʮꣿ
ٿ̬ʮ
ǰһڡ
ˣ
һİ!
İɣ
İɣ
ɣ
Ͼϸ磬ʮ꣬ǵʱѾһһɫˡ
ȻˣֲҪҪǰǸ֡
뵽˶ˡ
صӣĲӦõĲѲŶԣȴ̲ס˸ۡ
ߵļҲͷشߴٵ
𣿿˾ֱӸҰõθҩ
ԵĵȻҽϾ˭֪ҽǻĹ⡣
ҽС˵ߣǡҽװףҽĲסֻǶܵˡ
ԵֻգϾ˼Ҵ˭֪վǸӹҽûҽʦʸֻ֤պʹĴŹĨǵݹϵҪǣͷͨ˼ҴسǲԶʱССʹӡʲôģȥسǵģõҩҲǿһͦķϣҪȻͱٱˡ
Żع
ǰʱȻڰ˿
æ˵ٿ
˵꣬һ·ڲϵָ
üͷûɿøˡ
ʵθǲǾᣬϸʹԵ̫˵Ļöģ
Ҳǳ϶ʶ˵ͷ
ǵղźûк˵Щ
ŷӦղˣʲôаɡ
Ϊ˶֪ǸӹҽҪǵ˴󲡣һ㶼ֱȥسӾˣյͲҵ˲٣ϾҩǮ
Ͷ˼˵Ĳ飬ȻѳԼһ͢طֻûȡ˸߰ҽҩѡ
㲡ºӦˣżĵյϣܺƤ˵Ϊ˵ĲǱκˣԼŻʾûеò
һȥģ˶ȡ˽ѵǱҪգˣҲֻҩյĺҵ
Ҫһ£Ųᵽ
ֻΪԼǵθΪڹϸɻǰʱΪ˸ϹڣûôʱԷ
ҲΪշǵøҪȻͲҩȲġ
˵˵ôʲôҸʱأҿθҩС
ȴ˵θҩˣΪһõĲθθҡ
˵ʲôأ
ȷ˵꣬϶Ķӳͺˡ
˭֪θǾ֢
ⲻ
϶ҲˣպŮΪķϣǰ£ûȥռƽϣյãȻȥ
ֱջ֣һŸһųߣȥس𣬴øĻҲȥˡ
ռ״ҲվȰûƭ㣬ȥҽԺһ֪ˡ
Цˡ
Ĳ˵ҽȷﰩ֢ŶĲҪ̫ϤϾС˵ûмһٴҲʮˡ
ǿǵĴһͷ
ǵ׳أô׾ӵİϷΪǲ֪ʲô⣿סǣĹ𣿡
˵ţֱӣܾˣ˵һԡ
գ
չϱ졣
صĺһʶȤ
Ϊ⣬Ħгų϶·ҽԺʱͷûһ
ûС˵Щ·һ˵ԼԼļ˱˵˰֢֮ΪԼͼ˰ģҲҪȥҽԺһ˵ϰߡ
ǧ㣬û㵽϶ĲһֱתСʱĵΣθ۵
ӣҽҲе㵣ģֹҩáҪȻǻȥҽԺɣҽԺҲ̫Զ
ҲһЩԾ
ʹģͻȻ뵽˷֮ǰ˵Ļ
ҲҪǻȥҽԺɣ
𼱻ǵذѳ϶ȥҽԺ
Ϊ϶θţԲθֻȥӰļ顣
ʮӺ󣬽ͳˡ
桢θڡ
϶Ѿˡ
ҽ˵ǵģҲ˵ĲȽϸӣǽ鱣ơ
׳ƻؼҵ
䣡
Ժֻʣһ뷨
ƵǾߣ


97 

Իع
ŷӦ, ԰ս궼ʮ, ɴû˵ĸôģ
һM⼸ѡͳҲһһϡ
˵ڵС˵Ҳʼдʵչˣ

ɲаһԺС˵дսҲдʲôԵܲһ绰ơ̸ЦУֻҷˣдԵܲһ绰СѧſֱټҳĳAPP, ´ʮṫ˾¡ʼ˷ǽ͵Ķֹ˾ܡô죿
ɫһһףҽˣʵ֢ܻãҲ˶, ܾƶܹһֹ۵̬Ļһ˵겻, еܶʮġ
ֻ⻰ο϶ΪҲ֪ʮǰ, ÿʮҽƷ, ǼõóôǮ, ҪܾȻҲ, ؼǮˣ˻Ȳ
ﶼ˰֢, , Ҫˡ
Ҫ֪ʮ갡, ջҪСء
һһŮûн顭
뵽, ϶Ϳ
ҲΪһ, ڻع
Щʲô, Ҫǣֵ˰֢ڡ
뵽һ
ȵȡ
æҵطסӣûеȥ
ΪͻȻ뵽һ顣
ղ
С˵ڷչɣǵҽԺ֮󣬿϶֢ܲҽԺβˣֻ϶κǡ
뵽һϲ
Ҳ˲ȥԼȻһС˵
˲ȥ˼Լ˵ǲǱ˲ٿصģԼյõҵҽϵͳָүүʲôũС
ֻ֪оˡ
ŭ˵ʲôأʲô꣬ʮ꣬Ұһܳꡣ
˵ֱ꣬ץ϶֣˷֣ܵȥգܹ⿿ָͷϳ˰֢϶а취κ㡣
⻰϶ǰһ
˵ûôһа취κĲء
ȻҲֿ֪΢΢Ͼ֢Ǿ֢
ֻһа취κĲΪϣˡ
ȥھͻȥ
϶Ҳסˡ
ҽԭɫҲЩ̫ãϾҲǺģȴͷһ١
һ뵽ҲһƬТģ̲ס̾һ
û뵽ǣһ룬ԭҵĸͻȻ˷ܲѣžͳ˳ȥ
ҽ
ȵӦ׷ȥʱ¥ﻹиӰ
ʲô
ҽղ˵Ļ⿿ָͷϳ˰֢϶а취κ㡯
ҽ
ѵǸ׼ȥҽ
ǲЦ
ҽû취ֻð֢οҽ
Уֹ¡
ҽص칫ңù¼ҸǴߵĲҵµĵ绰룬Ҫȥ
ƫƫʱһʿ˽ˣҽ3ŴĲݿˡ
ʲô
ҽ˲͹˲ˣæŻʿ˳ȥ
һߣľ顣
ͬȷǸһųС˵γɵС硣
ǰգʮ꣬Ǹҽ
ԲֻΪ˸Ůܾ̳ѧѣƭٴ
ŮҲģġ
ΪָԭռѾʮˣҲû顣
뵽˲һ
ϹðӾ֪ôһˣҲӦò̫˰ɣ
Ȼ¼ҹһиûֶӡ
ֶһӶŮŮûþͱˣŮŮһͱˣŮҲܾ̳ʱΪһĸŮӣΪǼⱲӶûкиӸϣͰˡ
û뵽û꣬žֻˣһƫƫһк
Ȼ̵ܾӾ͸Ӳùˡ
һԭͶǴȻǸӱ䱾Ϳʼϴ˯̨ûһʲôܾСѧûбҵһӾͲѧˣչ˵ܵܡ
ֱտȥˣϴҲߥɴܾˣҲи˸ϡ
Ķˡ
ֶһôŹôõһ׬ǮĻᡣ
ջԼǧԪĻŰ̴ܾ˼ҡ
Ҳյİ£ܾ̲ڹ˰ȵ
Ϊˣ˼ǱƭˣҲûץ
֮⣬ܾ̻һ÷ѣзء
ʶʮ̵ܾ꣬ĳɼѧҵ֮˳˾ǵӰѧԺ
صĳɼȻֻһ㣬úãԸһҵǩһҾ͹˾
һ˽ӣȵ̴ܾѧҵʱѾ̳
ܾԭΪĻͷػΪһĽɾ¡
ǱˣһС˵ݻ磬ܾȻҲǡ
֮˵ĲŮǣΪһС˵ǸˣҲ֡
ǾɼҵӣϱΪδƣɼƲ
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˦δ֮ȲȦ
ڷŮѵ飬ֱӺˡ
ΪһССУѧôϵأ
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ǲԷأΪֻ˺ǣȫìͷ׼̡ܾ
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Ϊְǰֵܣõ˷ҵļ̳Ȩ
οܾһӳʮСǣôܱȵɼҵСүء
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˵Ҫ̵ܾѼʱϵҪԸˡ
ֲܾɵܿʹһЩ˿֮зࡣ
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Ժܿ죬ܾ̰Ľ͵ѹƷȡԴȵȵĸž˳ȻĸҲվ˳ٱշǷҽմû𺦹˵ĽǱʮͽ̡
̷涨Ƿҽģصģͽ̡ۻ߹ƣ򵥴𺦾彡ģʮͽ̣
Ϊ⣬ֱܾӷˡ
Ҫײ֣ɼԤ⵽ôǰɲ϶ֽš
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ڷأô֮ںߵһ
ڴ˹УֻӰۡغڿ͡ŵݲ㺡
Ϊÿ˶᲻뿪֣ԱȴһֵԼ
ⱾĴֶӰ۹ڣưȦ
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ЩȻΪ˵
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98 
յ뷨ܼ򵥡
, λνܺоɱϸջҪŻ
ȻڴˣȻҲͲЩ鷢
ֻһССĴҽҽʦʸ֤ûе, Ǳ, ɼǾ׸ԭд, 㶯ָͷǣٿ飬Ӱۡغڿ͡ŵ, ˿ſƵʮȦ
ĳ̲ʾ硣
ŵ˵Щ˿һһĭܰǸˡ
Էյĵ֮Ǹı״
ԥ˺ܳһʱ䡪ȻΪ벻õİ취, Ϊָ̫֪࣬װһ
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ղǰǸҽ
ɵǣǰҲǸҽҴ, Ѿһٶûд¹һҵˡ
, ͦġ
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ԷԾ׼زپҵˡ
ȻҲͼ˰֢Ҷʧ, Խô磬ƿ, ˷ղٵ, Է׼һ
ʵʧҲûйϵ, ǰһЩһŽ𵤾ˡ
Ȼǰ߿޷ΰ֢, ֻܱ֤鲻, ұ볣߳ɱߡ
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һ˵վȻլ·ӣ϶Щȡ
ЩҪģҪǣӦòôԣ
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˵ˣ϶Ҳֻܳ˵ðɡ
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ǰɣǰɣⶼ2021ˣ˾ҽأ
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üͷ΢û뵽ô͸һλͻ
ôһĻһ˺űĻֵͦġ
ȷտڣ߸ͼ˵ǾռܴһЩϢʱ䣬ΪҶȫ˿ڣԲƶҪ鷳ȥиģϵ˿ȬˣҾֱӴڵܴϢ顭
ܴ׼·¾ͽҺˣ÷ǿ˾ģֱһ̶֧ӹ֤ܴƯƯġ
˵ˣҲֻܵͷ˵аɡ
߸ʱúúãллܴллܴ򡣡
Ĳˣ
ù緹ĳ϶ӣ
Ȼ˷ܲѣһӡ
϶Ǵ죬ŵؿŸ߼ˡ
߼˵˼Ҫͷһ׷ӣǿǴʮ򰡣
ǳ϶
ͻȻʶΪʲô֮ǰҪȰѷӵĵػˡ
ԭԤϵ˻н죡
߸ĶѸ٣ڶһ̶֧ӹڵ磬ĺԺķ
յٶȻҲ߰ŷȺ˳ȥģĹ򣬸߽ϵòλͺ˸߰˰ˡ
߸һ÷һ֧װ޶ӹȥ
ȵº󣬸߽ϵİϸױյ·Ҳˡ
˼ҴĴǳ׺ϲ£ˡ
ôһӣôҲҪ߰ʮɣ
߰ʮ򣬺ֹǹӣٿǱߵĵ˵ȫǴӹڵģϣֱͨסȥ֡
ǸҾߵСӸҹ˸˵һ׼ҾߵҪٶ򡣡
˻
鵽Ÿո˸ͷء
ҪȻô˵߼ܹʮԭأɲΪ߼ƺʩΪ߼˴
ڲ˷յͼ֮󣬸߸ڶӻûгȬʱ򣬾ͽյ¼˳ȥ
Ժܿ죬յĴˡ
и߽ĲڣһΣû˻ỳǸƭˡ
Ҫ֪ڵеë͵ˡ
Ժܿ죬ռͶһֻ𽥲㡣
Ǯ͸Ǩ񣬴Ѫͳ֤֡
ΪһȥүӿϷʪʱ򣬶࿴Сĳèһۡ
Ȼ޵ĺԺˮͶһȺ׵ѩףīƱԵһ׶೤Ľ
ǰ͸ʮٵĺ
ΪκСİѪ
Ȼ󣬷յҩһҰʮ굽겻ȵ˲Ρ
͸ģҵʲôͷˡ
ȻĺԺſڶǧ
Ⱳûв÷ˮȴǴռɾ͵ķգ
ڹ˼ҴĴҲľˡ


101 
, Уյǳ״ˡ
Һܿ죬˼ҴĴᵽ˷մĺô
Ϊ˼ҴҽԽԽ, ڲûκ֮ǰ, ǺǵļٲҪڴס
Ժܿ˵һũ, һСС
ǵһСУǳ϶ҿġ
Ϊ⣬϶⼸·ŷ硣
͸˵ˡ
ҪСľû, ȥҿףдһҽС˵ˡ
鶼Լ, ֱŷյľдС
ֻЦЦţ뵽ʲôͻȻЦˡ
ü˼룬̲סյ˷ոǰ壬¶£
ڳԷķͷҲ̧ʲô
С, ھҶʼɨ, Ͳ˵ˣ䡷ǡ˹, Թ, , ȫ˲ʧ, , ԺܲҲطĺ񡣡
գɱ˭
ҪȻôڲǸطĺ뷨
ûɱ˭Ҳ˼
ʾ֭ǣǡ֪, ڷᳫһһ, 㽫ֻȢһ𣿡
գ
˵˻
˲ӿ죺ΨһĹѸý㡣
ȻǸý, ҵĹϵһֱܲҪǣһƯ
˭֪ƵƵĺҽı޹Ѹһ¾Ǽ޵ĳ棬Ѹڲ߶Ȼþֱɽҩײˮ̶ϴĹѸ
ǰϲľ·ڣֻ봩ȥݺݸԼơ
գ
ơ
ûػдһҽ飬ϵһߣҾˣ
Ȼǣȷеӡ
ǰҲᣬٺͷദôãոĸоһֱһֱˡ
Գʱһ
뵽ʲô۾ͻȻˡ
ȵȡ
ýȻǸѸǽ35꣬ҽ鵱ǰΪȥˣ룬ʵû࣬Ҫ﹤˵ϾҪθгҵгˡ
ٿգȻ49ˣҿŻرϣҲûн飬ôһ룬˻еġ
ֻǿſţ;סˣգգۣ壬ͷôˣĶͷҲ˲١
š
ˡ
뵽Ͳҩ£Ȼ
ֻΪгɡ
ЧҲ̫˵ɡ
զࡣ
Ҳûж룬ϾЧٺãҲֻ֮ͬпȽϽѡ
ҲΪˣϷպýˡ
뵽飬벻
ԿջˣǸڴߴð˴Ŷ˹
ȫ˵ýġ

Χ۵Ĵ񣺡
Ȼ̲ס̾ˡ
ڶˣܴȢֶŮţҰ赱ûʲôϢûӦ
ʲô˵ǰúܴýûӦ𣿡
Ҫǰϼ꣬ǾԲܴнķ⣿
˭أ

˽ҶѵĿС
ʲô棬һֵƵƪС˵˵ĳҲֻڿͷǰ档
ŰɣȵյԽԽ㣬ԺӸǣֻС档
뵽ˣϾ˭ϲˬأ
֪ʱһ̶ͻȻ
ͬʱһֵʲôûг𣿡
ţһȺ˺ѷεĿҲ˽
˲üͷ
Ƿ׷⿴ȥ
ÿһȺ˴ӳȻ˽
Ϊ׵ĺȻǸͦ˶ơƶǵˡ
ʶԱˣóһ
û뵽̫ǵˣڿ֮󣬲֣Цλܴɣ
ֺա
Ҳ˵ϻչй֪ܲңһ֪ǼүӣΪʡ׸̳
˼岻̫ãȥ
˻
⻰ڳĴ޲ǵһ
û뵽ھʡ׸Ҫҷտ
ȴ̲סüͷ
Ϊ֪λʡ׸ǰǻڵģҷҵֶκ̫ʣͱĴλ飬ԪĳһŴС㿴ԪǵӾһˣ˳µĺͺŴС˻飬û꣬ŴСҲˣŴСҲ̲ˣӣ³ҲλŴСࡣ
Ȼ˵ģֻҪκǼүӣ̼ұر
һʱ֮䣬˶תͷ˷ա
ֻأԶһԵĲյһڣûʱ䣬ûȤȥ
ϵЦ˲ͽסˣ˵ʲô
ֻظ˵ҳ֣Ǽүӻ䡣
Ҳסˡ
ȻҲϣȥ̳ϣȥȥ°
Ͼ̼ҿʡĵͷߣǣǲѰ·
Ȼɫױˡ
û뵽ʡĵؽϣȻ˸ô̼ҵ
ҿǻˣƲƫҪԷơ
Ҹ㣬ȥҲҪȥȥҲҪȥ
գ
ģûôģϸˡ
ҪǲǿԲô
뵽̲סЦˡ
վȻЦ
ҲЦˡ
϶㲻Ϊҽ;Լж˲ɣ
ʡһҽԺԺ֪ɣ˵ǹӦҲΪɣǵҼүǰÿͿػػΪԼĸУӾƷ
㲻ȥԣҪˣ㲻µҳ̼ңŮЩ˼ҴĴɾͲһˡ
̼Ҫʰǣֱ׾١
ŲţֻҪҳ̼һ仰Ժǹ˼ҴĴҲ벻һլأòһǮķֲʲôռزǨԺ붼롭ŮͷմȾ϶ƷǺ𣿡
˶ǰıסˡ
һֵ̿ӣ˵˰ɣһλᣬȥǲȥ
ֱǳв
ڷӦ
ˣ
ǳɳ·ϵĵһСɣ
Щ̫˳˳ˮôҪˡ
ԡ
ʲôСɣʡ׸ǴbossŶԡ
˵ˣһ
ǷôҲͬ⡣
ںˣֱӾͰʡ׸ˡ
ǿʡ׸ŮʮﱲҺͷȫʡʡĺŴҡ
ʲô
ȻȹˣʵۺҲǸ߼ˡ
ҲһĶֵ˵һЩ̼֮ңĿɲֹʮǧ
Ǹǳ̼ҵĶ֡
뵽Ļҡ
ַܿӦ
ԡ
տѽҪô׾ͱɸɵˣ
Էտ϶а취Ը̼ҡ
뵽۾˲ˣһĿա
˵аɣȥˡ

˵ʲô
û˵һ飡
ͣ
Цˡ
Ϊնйأ⡣
ֱ˵ʶ࣡
߰ɣ
ȵӦʱ򣬷ճĳѾȥԶˡ

㲻ǵ
㲻Ӧ̸Цֻҷ
ôˣ
ôҲһ°
ֻԼܵҵĳ
Ǻܿ͹˲ЩˣΪϵĹڷյĺۼ
ڽ֮ǰ飬˭Զ
̼ңһǳ̼Ҹɵġ
ˣΪܿ˳̼ΪʲôҪô
Ϊ֪ղȥ̳βģԷһԳ¼ĻԹޡ
ۼʶҽ֮һԷոӵļɵ
ΪֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬㹻ʵһǧټƵر̼ҡ
Գ̼һΪǿ
ѹйطյĴţĺԹ
ʱֻȷκ˳̳ĲǾͿˡ
̲סȥ룬̼ҵʱô÷ա
ȥŷֱѾǷõ³ˣΪǺпܻҪոβ
ĿܺСΪǾųɾŻַᷢյ쳣Էյ³пܺһɱ˶ᱦȥʵС
뵽ˡ
ͼϵ߼ңǸ߼˸ĵ绰
Ȼ߼Ҳ³̼ҵҵǡ
ع⣬۱ȳ̼ҷˣӸշȥͱɾˣҵͽӵ˹Ŀŵ绰
ںˡ
ڣ̳Ĳˡ
ڶ죬̼ҾƲˣ̼Ҳȫعˡ

ûӦվͻˡ
Ǹ߼ͻġ
ŷվֱӳҹˡ

˳ִӱóһƿȪˮһڡ
˵еˣﻹʣ𣬸һȡ
ˣļ¶Ҫźˣ˭òˣֱҡ

һ̣ԼڵжٸСʺѡ
ӹ̨״ε壬ôˣ
壬ô£̼ôͻȻƲˣ
и߼ҡ
ȴӿڴͳһ˿ľִӸˣ
ǵóϲЩˡ
ǳ˵Щ壬ͱˣȸҵôһ°ɡ
ֻ÷еĿȪˮǾҪǰ˵ˡ
ǰ
ʱ䡣
Ǹʱ̼һûء
׼ȷ˵Ǹʱոոκø߽Ĳ
Ȼͽ˸߸һٶ
ǷǶʱջġ
֮ǰ˵ˣ߽Ȼֱκò˵Ĳȴܿס鲻ٶ񻯡
ձߵʱ򣬾͸߸һϢ
ϣ߸ϵЩվȹˡ
ڶ죬йس̼ҵϸϾͻ㼯˸߸
磬Ǿ͸ԴһЩ˳̼ҵͷ;֡
߸˵ĹЧۿɼʵڲŵҲûϵֻҪǲ鵽˹Ʒȥ̳β飬ܻŵġ
ҲΪֻܿס鲻ٶ񻯣Ҫ볹װѲħֻ뷽ճ֣Щв˵˵Ͷҡˡ
ʱûв˵ҲҪ˵ʲôʱõˣճŵԲβ
ͷģǴ˽͸飬ı⡣
Ҫ֪̼Ȼʡ׸ԶԶûֻĳ̶ȣҪȻͻȰʰˡ
ڷյ֮£ˬش˺
ϡǣڼҲһС©̼ҵ֪ǵļƻǲûа̼߳ңѰ
ɼ̼ж಻ġ
Ȼ̼ҾƲˡ
ҲΪʲôղŷջ˵óѽļµʱȫճΪЩõϾҪˡ

ԷԤϵ˻н졣
̼ΪʲôôԷգ
ǳ׼˷ղŸո𲽣ûд
ǴǾã߸Щܹնݵ˶ֻһȺֿ϶ѣ֪˷ձǴߵ飬ҲҸԡ
ѹ֮ǰ߼ҵĵ绰ô򶼴ͨǹⲻĵ绰ģΪԻס̼ҡ
ҾЩֺУ֪˷յĴڣûۼʶյҽ£϶Ҳҵͳ̼Ҷϡ
û뵽վȻôһɱ׾ٵؾס˳̼еľֺС
׼ȷ˵ֻǰųȥһٸԤԼţ̼ҾƲˡ
뵽ˬˣ
ԡ
ֹˣջų̼ҵʬ壬װŴȥˡ
һ˫
Ȼ
ѹַǣͳıԣͲܱȵġ
԰뵽ʲô˵ȻͼƻЩôвʱֱӳ־˰ΪʲôҪŹȥʡ̳βأ
ֻ˵ҪǲͿ̼Ʋ𣡡
סˣ⣬ֱɱİ
ЦЦ˵ɱӺ
ӦһŶԡ
ҪӵֻǺˣ


102 
ɱĻɱӺ, ֻ֪һǳ׶ȥˡ
뵽̲סһֻµһͻȻסˡ
ܾԼʲôҪ顣
˼, Ȼǰһ
, Ѵýͷյˡ
뵽, Ҳ˲˼ǲǱԼ˵ˣȵһ, Ȳزͨýĵ绰
ͱ֪, ýѾҵ˶, ǰרŸ绰顣

⼸, ҪôæֵĲҪôæŵķյ, Զûʱȥý㡣
æʵλ½˰
ý㣺ѽ, ǻˡ
׮ýǳý˾ģз飬ҵ, ڻкңʮ꣬˿ڷï, ҲǼеĳӳ, үȥʱֵֻһݲļҲҵгɣѾڣѹҵ֧һͷ
ǰҲǺ֮ûþȥˣǶԷһӡ
ǸӽѾʮ, òųýġ
ǸҲͨͳýĽһֱǱֵ֧̬ȡ
ҵºͣǰҵȻйӣʵҲһκŮʿ̸
Գýܿͽ
ǶѾˣȹڵʱ򣬾һýϼң˳ýĸĸɨɨĹǼҳˡ
˵ǸãҺҰ˵һʱһǰǼҴɨá
ֻô˵Ҷϵ绰֮󣬳ȴЩʧ
ϾϷպͳýġ
⵱ȻҲ㻵£Ͼýµʮ꣬ҵһܺ໥໥ֵˣǼϲ¡
ôһ룬ˡ
ͬʱԶǧ֮Ӱӳǡ
һϷܾһͬʱ̲סͳֻҪ΢˿ûǣȻͿϷյƬһʱ֮䣬ü۶Цˡ
ܾܲ
ΪǰݵǲСɱΪ黹ӲСһѣŮҲһҹ֮˺üǧķ˿
Ժ󣬲֪ǲתˣӵ˲ͨ棬ڸõһǵӾҲǽܷŵʡ̨ĵӾŮŵĽɫ
һжڳķչܾܲ
ҲΪˣһֱľ͹˾ҲûôԹˣĸ֪ǮԲ鶼ûдĺ顣
ֻ֪ǣġͻȻãΪΪľ͹˾ǱԴΪغûȣɼҸΣбԾܾ̣Ȼȥء
ע⵽飬һԵ̲ס˵ڿʲôأôˣ
֪Ϊʲôܾ̣˵ĺøС
ܾʶתͷڸ˵֮󣬵Լֻ˹ȥڿүүƬ
ʵϣ̶ܾҲкøУΪ֮ٶΪѧż
ȻѷǾ֡
жͬǴǩ˾͹˾ΪһżȦΪ˹ѣûкһ꼻һ֣һ·ȴ򣬳ռݵ졣
ʵϣҪӲϷʹϷĽɫͷˡ
̵ܾȻǷյǸ̶Ƭ
̷֪ܾ˶ľźŷƬ
ȻӦտ֮ɾƬڲǻû

֪ΪʲôƬһ˲䣬ȻĸоôԶԲ
ǣ̵ܾүүֲʲôˡ
ôأ
ҪǣҲɡ
ֻΥ˵үүܴȰӡ

ô£ôоˡ
ƫƫܾ̻˵ĲУ̲ס˵ˣҲãүүرá

ֻܷſմԣܾҫүү

ǲܾ̻ǳǸ˵鲢ûάֶ೤ʱ䡣
ΪַտԽԽˡ
̼Ʋĵ£ͷİͷͳûˡ
û죬ͷϵҲûˡ

˵ڶµףٺͷȥҩĵʱǶֻΪͷ൱ֵܡ

֪Լʲôˡ
˵һٶ˳̼ҵЩֺС

һ֪ѧ
һ뵽ڵӡ

˰ɣ
ֹǽָⶼˡ
⻹ҪģҪǣִ˼İˣǷյĲˣȴڷռҸǻ
ĵ˲侯ȫǷձɱ˶ᱦ߱ؽʵҵСĳ棬סˣæҵ˷գ¸˷ա
壬˵ǲ˲µʲôԹȺ˹㡭
գ
ֻ˵ˣʵҵıڡ
Ҿ˵Ҫһʲô
һ룬ʧıڡ
գš
ҲҪУҪȻҾͲ˼Ͳˡ
Ͱͣʲôʱϵˡ
ԡ
͵صɴ˫ۣ֪ˣ
Ȼûӡ
Ǿһ㶼ģҲû뷨𣿡
ҲٲҴˣ㻹ǵҵĽָʲô𣿡
ҽ
ʵ㱻ȷ˾֢ĵһ뷨ʲô
Ҳ
ʵܽʱ֪һƾ֢ҽĵһ뷨ʲô
ţһ˾֢أ
˵꣬ˡ
ˣյĽָҽȪռ䣬ʲô͸ۣ֢ͰѪκõҽ
ǾµôֻҪǾͲܰѷͽʵң˵ɱ˶ᱦˣΪǲܱ֤ɱ˷վһܵõյĽָҪ˶Է֣ΪҪˣɾûܾˡ
Щھõ֤
ôǳԵĵǰôû뵽ء
뵽ˬˣҲƮˡ
ȻⷢչС˵е㲻̫һʹûпǵҵŸո𲽣ͱҰѵϸ˸׳С˵
һƮƮýһһ졣
֪λ½ͷе󣬵ôҲû뵽ǸӾȻǵ
ڴʲôĴ涼ˣԼǿҲֵغò
ΪŸոչ죬Լǳɫġ
ýæźʹ죬Щģþ˵ĵ绰˹ֻš
ȵ绰ŷ֪ʲôʱߵһĺԺǰ׼ȥ۽ǵͿĺԺǰһù£һͷժϷĹ𻨡
˴һ׳΢¶СɫƤӲ濴ȥһӢͦĽüʯһͦıӡ
Ҳʱǲʲôͷ˹
飡
ĵ˲ͱˡ
Ҫǣһ룬Ǹ˾ֱӳ˹
˵ͳղ͵ң
ô
ֱΪ񡢴šƺǶǰһˡ
ΪԷо
ҪϣԼڶԷе
֪һ˵Ц˵ôӸ΢𣿡
ۿ
ǳˣ˭᲻֪仰˵ĺ塣
ⲻ׵˵ԷҲ˼
⡢ôֱӣ
ĸˡ
Ȼܾóֻ΢ţ˶Է΢š
Էָ޸ıעҽա
Ŷ䣺ҽ
ʾ֭Ѱһ⣺Ҷʮ꣬ˣ
ոϵĲҶʮ
۾ˡ
ʮС磬ֻ꣬


103 
û뵽һôƭ
յҪҪȥҼ
ͺĶ
˳
͵͵һ۷ձĺԺ
ֻϧڴӦ, ʹ˳
ʶһ
عʱ򣬲ŷԼʲô
ֱּͺ͵͵̸Ȼ󱻼ҳץʱһģһ
ȡ
Ķˡ
ʧҲġ
ǹ򶨣Ǹ, Ҽ˺ˣȻȥˡ
ȻյЦ˵ǵȵϵʱ, Ҹ绰
۾ˡ
⡢Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ʲôܱһĶҲԼһ˸˻ϲأ
촽̲סš
ܿ˹, ǰӭӭ
, ˼ϣǴģҪҪȥ
á
̲סͷ˿ĻзյӰ
ͺʧ
뵽ҲȲȥ鷽˵Ļڣ̲סòʵ, ǸĺԺ˭ҵİ
ĺԺ
ͷһ², Ȼˣóƺһүү
үү
Сүү
ֻΪΪڴıֱȽϸ, ŻƺΪүү
㲻һȤİơ
뵽, ۾ˡ
˵廹ǸرҽҸ˵ҽϵڶû˸ϵһӦҲ˵¼ɡԣڻУӦûûдȥ
⣬͵ôӵŷȥ̳β˵ˡ
ʱ̼Ϊ˸õĿס, ְѷϵĺۼȫˡ
̼ƲʡڼʡݵԼ߲Ҳ˶֪˷յĴڣЩ˺Ҳȫˡ
ֻһˣȴǧǧ򣬸οջпһϢĹأټؾ˹Щŷո˶ʱͻˣΪ˱ӵԽԽ࣬ǹϱ죬ǰ顣
ֱڣյûдϡ
Գ±˷յĹ¼
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˵õľȫ綼үүҲʼջվأ
үүתͰǰ˻
᲻
ȵȡ
үүǰ˻
ܾ̣
ܾæ۾ˮ, Ҳڿ˷յģ
ٵȵȡ
үү
ͫ׵
ԣ
ôүү
үүͷжó
ܾĪһ
ԭϴˡ
̫Ȼˡ
Ϊүү˵Ļ, Կ֮, ȻΪվڳߵľүү
Һòǡ
ҪȻǰͳ̡Сүү
ǻ̫, ֱܾ̼
ź֪ӦǰĶȻǸеġ
ͬߣ
ܾ̲ס࿴˷һۡ
˵, ͦ˧ģǡ
ܾסˡ
Ǻүүе
ԽԽ
ܾͻȻһɹͷ
Ҳʱ򣬳ҲڷӦ, ʧ
ͷŻع
, ٿգͰͣ塭㡢ǡ
࣬æҵƿ˷գ¼Ҿ˾, 㡢ô
գ
Ҫ⡣
壿
ܾ
Ϊֻһܡ
һֱᱻƺΪ˼ֱԶ
Ҳ˵
ǰͺ˵ȷүү
үүǰһˣ
ܾ̣
ܾǿջЦ
ڿʲôЦ
Ȼ̹ϵ¼Ҿ˾, Һһˡ
ĺܼ, Ѿ϶˷, ԹҲûʲô
˳µذѷպһ, ʱг¼Ҿ˾˰ţͲ˰ѷչˡ


Ұ㵱ȴ壿
ܾ̣
Ұ㵱ǰȴүү
Ҳӡ
Ψԣôˣ
ô죬ֻ˵û£ǿҪһʱ侲һ¡
Ȼֱӵȥˣϳɣʲô鵽˳˵
ô죬ֻһһˡ
Ϊˣĵĸܾһǻ
ԼӺֻܾ̺ͳĬĬıŹµԼڳһǡ
л㱣ɵ
ܾҲʵɵ
֪ģĸƵǻ᲻ϲ޵ĹѸء
ܾ̣֪ģϸүү绰ʱռߡ
ѹִЩܶӲӦ
ܾ̣ѹôɣǰͬһ֮ͬһ
˵õƵС˵أôŮƵС˵ˣ
ܾ̣үүҸʧ͸˸СүүǻǰȵȣҺĲģ

ܾ̣
أ
˵һ
ŵӸǣľ飬ûˣ
ܾ̣δСүүͬ¡

ȵίˣܾ̲ųʵ壬⵽ôһ£
Žȥȫ
ܾ̣
һոµĴǰˡ
ֱصңûܴƽүүͻȻţƺع
ֱʱʲôͻȻ˵ˣСҼǵ㲻ǻиүү𣿲һүүҲһԸ㷹ǻؼһҪԼ
ܾ̣

˼
ѵ֪վ̵ܾүү
ܾ̲ŵؿŷգͷӻĺܣȻװƭ˸飡
ڷ̵ֳܾƺЩԾôˣ
ղһʵСļҡ
ʲô
һ㶡
ﲻǷյļ
ǵúܾڹ˼Ҵֻһүү
̵ܷܾܲүүɡţ
ܾ̣ٿգ۾صɴˡ
ռ״æӵԼķȥߣȥ˵
ܾ̼״ĬĬץһ
ĩˣݸһƬ
ʡ
ʾֻ
ʾүТ

վ̵ܾүү
վȻ̵ܾүү
뵽֮ǰ̵ܾүүŽ̶ƬֻһϢ
ںһڻعðŻ⣺˵ôһ£
ֻ§һߺ壬һ߰ȥȫ
ȻˣΪ˱ⲻҪ鷳ֻ˵ǵõһҽѧУԲ˺Щ顣
עҲЩϡ
ֻ֪
ʲôһ顣
ʲôʮꡣ
ʲôϬ
ʲô˧С硭
Ǹʮͷӡ
ը
ĲӶˣֳڷյϣŭɷգǸƭӣ˵ƭ顭
գ
һȻͻȻЦˡ

ˣ㻹Ц
֪һ룬˵޸ˣ

ղ˵ƭ顣
˲Ϩ˴롣
Ų˵ǣûУֻǿ󡣡
ֻԭ뷨ڡ˭޸˭è
ðɣ͵ǿ󡣡
ֱ׳ʲôʱƭˣ
һҭ
˧С磿Ϊġ
һ飬ϬЩҲΪġ
˶ˡ
ʲôǰһŭѣûƭңѵƭ˵ʮ𣿡
ΪһС꣬ʵȻһ֡
ͺҧˣ
ȴŲæ㻹ǵ㵱ʱʵʲô𣿡
ʶ󣿡
ֱӰһ˵ҽʮ
۵Բ㻹˵ûƭңͷӣΪϲ𣬲Ҫ
ֻ˵˵ţؾ͵ȥ
ġһǸ״
ͣ
׺ˡ
Ƶ㿴Ҿ˵ûƭɣ


107 



޷, ΪΪĳ˵⹷˵ȷûƭ
뵽ˡ
ͼ, źͨͨĲ, ˵궼ʮ, 㡢㡢Ƕ˵, Ҳò˼ˡ, ˵Ͳˡ
˵ԽԽҲԽԽʧ
֪ոհѷ׷ֵʱж໶ϲ
ϾͷҵһǵĶֱȵ컹ѣ
û뵽һﲻǸͷ, Ǹпõӻ
Ѫ
뵽, ۿˣ
ͺί
գ
ԼΪ˵ܵð
, һǴƨɡ
ֱӰϡ

֪Ϊʲô, ɫû, ȴᵽһ˿Σյźš
ĵʱЩˣ, ʲô
Ϊһһܽ, յȻ˵㡯Ļ, ֻǿ۾Ц˵֪ǶܲòǺܼһԲ֪ˣ

˼·˲ͱᡣ
һԣ
ôԣ
ǳˣôյĻʲô˼, ϵ糺ǳȥˡ
ô£ȻеĶ
֪ǵӦǼʱֹŶԡ
ܿҵһɣڣ
û, ȷӦԣΪһյǶ, ϾȻǸͷ, ʮ, ֻü꣬Ҳһʧ
û
뵽Ʈֱ׳Ծԣ
Ȼ͸ˣΪˣûҧסա
§˵Ĳӣųβ˵㲻˵ǰûôô
գ
Ѳ÷ҽ
Էһ߼ͷɣһſھΪǰߣè
ǿˡ
Ϊһֻèߣèߣ˵ַͲࡣ
ҷ֮ǰȻ͵ɣҲȷûƭ
Ͼ֤ڻأ
ͷģȻߺ
˴ϣҲպ˳ܾ̺ͳ
ǳˣôܲ²ﵽ׷ʲô¡
Դܿ϶Ĵˣֻеִܾˡ
Դˣܾ̣
ǰȻôͫ׵

Ժôƺ
˵ڶպʱ򣬶֪ô
ȻˣҲһ
ϾûбȾ˾˱ֶӣͬ±Ůεˡ
һжǷյĴ
뵽ݺݵص˷һۡ
ȻˣûΪһ̧ͷ¶˲ԭڵʵʵǺ۵ĻһԭǺƵġ
ܾ̺ͳŤĶҸطȥˡ
ǷյƤȽϺֱ˵ȻѾ֪ˣҾͲ˵ˡ
ڳƺ⣬Ժ۸ľС
&ܾ&
Ҳֻˣ
ʵϣܾ̺ܿʹһš
Ͼ˶ǣкܶ๲ͬԣԭ˵ĹϵͺܾܲҲǰѧһЩ飬ȻҲߴͽ̣Ժܿ죬ڹϵʱ򣬷վͳˡߡǼù⣬ֶ֡
գ
аɣ
ˡ
ڳҲ̬ܿ
ϾԭҲľ£Ҳͼһ棬οմ֮Եľ
ҪǷȻʹ˵㣬ߣѾָᣬôһĻʵǺܰġ
ͨЩ֮󣬳ҲͲñŤˡ
ܾ̣֪زҪѵʱҲǷǳĺܵģЩȥһ죬ͱһˣȵЩȫʱѾѷ׵ԺȥˣżҲѾû֮ǰĺѹ
žĲˡ
ֻ찲ӣȴˡ
˿ɲǷء
ڵķȫȻû֮ǰ緢ӡ
㼸ǰšҩĻᣬ˳µغ췹
ǽķչȴȫһ
ԭΪڶʱ򣬻յܵĺϢ绰һͨȴͷһ١
֪ԭܾǰͽķ䣬ʱʹŶ룬ܾ̣
Ͼշ˻ܿɲҰ߷ء
ºֱȡ˺ͷҵĺ
ˣ֪ǲܶģԶ˻ڽļ죬ԭܶͷкĹ˾ϧ֧޶ΥԼҲҪȡͷҵĺ
Ϊ⣬ϵĹƱٷ֮ʮ
һߣɼҸֳ֪˺֮󣬲ûиı̬ȣҲʼѹңҪһʱ͸¶ֻ֣ؼҴһ٣ֻ·ѾƲˡ
ΪɼҸķӦ̫֣̲ס˵һͲɼҸȻֶһȵ顣
ЩƬزͷˣҲˡ
ˣںڼ䣬ȻӰʢ¦ճءŵʷ塣
ƫƫֻܴʡ
Ϊڲûֵ֧֣ڷϹƱʱѾ˼̳˵ʸˡ
⻹ֻһ
оǣô飬ܾ̾ȻûиѴ绰
Էزòķ룬Ǿܾ̺п֪һֲݵġ
Ҳ˵ܾںпѾڼƻűˡ
ôΪǿ
Ҫǣ뾡ܾƲϵ
Եڶ죬ܾ̰Ľ͵ѹƷȡԴȵȵĸžѡ
ĸҲվ˳̴֤ܾСֽžͲɾҾٱշǷҽҡײƭ˺üˡ

ܾ˭
룬ǡ΢ŮţҲ׼̨ġˡŮĺš
˵˾һʮС¡
ʲôʱʮСҲˣ
͵ѹƷΪλϧ壬үүǷҽ˺üˣ鲻ѣѵֻĳĳ˶ٽ·ѣ
ǣҪû˰Щع֪үүẦء
ȦѵҪɦŪԽԽ𣿡
Ժܿ죬̵ܾ΢ͱˡ
Щʲô˽ŸһƬ
ڣǮһ۰ɣ
һ˵һⳤȻҲ˿ϡ
Ѫͷó𣿡
ʲôүүôɧүүйŮͬһô꣬ͺүү˯һȥ˰ɣѹô

ܾ۾˲ͺˡ
ɵͲµĻǷء
û뵽ŹˣȴǲϷŹ䱾Ҫٵǣүү
뵽ܾҲͲסˡ
˫֣΢ţҵͷص¼΢ȥҴĿ
ֻ·飬ûҵص΢š
һбﻹз֡
ôܣ
ܾ̲ţȷԼûɾء
ڿᣬƬͬȫɾˡ
ڸû֤ܹ֤غ
ѹַظ޼ɵһΪԤϵôǰڿɾֻкйصݡ
뵽̵ܾĴֱӱҧѪ
ء
Ȼ黹ûꡣ
ʱ򣬲ԶͻȻһӡ
ţֱܾͣˡ
һȺųǹڵ˾Χ̡ܾ
ǵĻͲ̵ֱܾϣ֪үү˵ǼѾ׼үү𣿡
֪Ѿˡ鿪˵𣿡
Ͷ˷Ƭ𣿡
ƬܵķƬƬܵûڣܻ沿ɼ
Ȼʱ˸Ƭ
Ƿصֱʡ
뵽̵ܾ۾ˣ־ҪϵЩͲ
һСľʹһߡ
Ǽ۾һȥȻֱˤ˵ϡ
ЩҲɵ漴ͽʲô
ôܴˣ
Ҹ㣬ڿֱ
ܾסˣʶؽ͵ûУҾֻһ¡
Щߣƭأֻһ£ˤȥ
ʱ򻹸Ҵˣ˵үͽû˵
һʱ֮䣬ܾϵĻͲˡ
ﻹ֪Щ˶Ƿġ
ǣǡ
÷
ϾͷΪ߶ѩصǻ
ܾԽŭʼտԼֻͼƿЩߣӻؼҡ
ⲻ֪ԽŭԶǧ֮ⳡֱķؾԽ⡣
ֱĵĻҲŹˣˣ
ƽʱΪλ鶼ɵóʱƤǱˡ

ЩߵȻܾ뿪ǵΧܾ̣ǲˣҪȻΪʲôشǵ⡣
㲻شǵ⣬ǲΪЩ鶼ģ

Ҳܾ̼ᶼҪʱ򣬲Զ˼ڷӦ˹ֱӾŭΧʲô
ǿɲܾ̣˼ֻ̫֪ܴ࣬Ů£Щһ֪ʲôö
ֱذЩһߣиûվȣԱߵȥվ·ߣһֱӾ͵ԱߵˮѶͷˡ
ЩҲһ˲Ǻܿͻع
ƽʱֻҪһͲ˭ҲǿͿģƫƫЩ˾ȻҶǶֶš
ǵƢҲˡ
ټҲͲðִ󣬸ţǵӣӭȥ
ƾʲôˣ
ǲǾ˶۸ǡ

̶ܾʱˣΪۿųҪղסˡ
֪һ룬ЩָŵһֱӴһǹ鳯Ͼǹ
ȻֱǹڶסָǸָͷ
ԱߵļҲӦ˹ͳǹ׼Щߣȵ˺󡣡
ٲ˺Ϳǹˣ
Щߣ
ܾ̣
ֱһڹڣ
Ѷķպͳ
Ӽ𣬴ɲôϷ


108 

ǹİ, ˳İɣ
Բۣǹ
ҪЩ˶˵ףҲΪԼƯ
Щ˾Ȼ˽ǹ֧, һҹ컯֮óżߣ, ھͱ

¥ʲôƷֵϣ
еӣ˵ôϢĻ
ֱ֪ҵǹǾǵԴֽ𣿡

ֱĹڶ뵽, ڳЩôܻ벻
ǵĶͷ˲ð亹
һΪЩĻῪǹ, Ͼǵ˼١
һΪµ̵ܾܷͬһ㡣
˵õֻܾһޱʮСأ
˵õǿλأ
ǿǰǹڣŤ, ںĻӲ˻ȥȴЪ˹غС
кޱʮСǣܿõĶ
ֻܽӲ, ˫֣ͷȥ
һĻ, ֻͷ, ϵıҲĽס, , һ״Ļ̿и֡
̵ܾʲôͷ
Щ˸ҵǹ, ϶гǹ֤, ܾ̼Ȼ͵ı, ҪôǮҪôơ
ⲻǷϻ𣿡
ҲӦǮ, ϾҪô, ֮ǰ̵ܾѣ
Ҳǡ
ǿɾǲ´, ΪЩͳǹ92ʽǹ, Ҳҹӵʽǹ
Բۣ
ӳıڣôܣ
Ǻ֪ܿˡ
ΪЩߺܿͱˣھԵǰǸκεķ֮ġ
Ե磬Ͳ鵽˷ϣȻ˳ŷֲ鵽ϡзջ˲С
Ϊ֪Ҫɾܾܹ֤֤ݵʱָ˵زУΪ˵ھܾһǴŮˣ˹ȥϾһغڿKҲİĽߡ
ǰαһܾ̺Ͳͬɧ΢Žͼֻܾվʱ򣬾ͰЩ΢ŽͼųȥܾⱲӶ
ԴˣնλغڿKľ֮һ¥
ΪĿؽԼԼñ츳ܣ
ΪҪ˵ǰаƽŮˣ졭
ǲʲôﱧһ۹ϣϷһ̯ľ籾ʶתͷôˣ
Ӧԣ
˵ţһ۹ϵ˹
۹һ֪Ϊ촽Ⱦһˮɫ
գ
ޣ
ôɰŲ졣
һҧסǰ۹ϣ˶֮󣬾ֱ촽
Ϊһûг԰ʳϰߡ
Ҳ۹Ժ󲻡Ǯġ
ֱϵľ籾˵ϣδɿˡ
׵ˣ˵ֲֻһ۹͵˷ߣȻƮؿ
ܲ˼궼ûգ°ȥ
ȵ˯˹ȥ֮óֻλغڿKĵַ˾
ϾλνغڿKĺڿƼĵһԾ˸ץһ˿
ڷ˵֮͡
Ϊ⣬λǰûֵ°ɼɼҵľֺͳеĺڿK˳ˡ
鷢֮ȥӣλܾæվ˳ʵ̵ֻܾǿܾ̺ˣԲרھƵһ䷿иϢĵط
û뵽ĳЩĹΪ˲򣬾Ȼʵϵɢҥԡ
ܾǸѾӹܵľ͹˾վ˳Ǳץ̵ܾѣΪܾ͵ĹƷԷ̰Űͯｫ̵ܾĸ˷ͥΪǲŰܾʮ֮꣬ǰҥ˼ˡ
ܾǰĽַھԼͬѧվ˳֤ǰȷĸŰʮꡣ
Եϣغܾϵˮȫϴɾˡ
ϵķҲױˡ
ֱܳƭˡ
˭뵽أЩ϶֤ݣȻǼٵġ
̵ܾʲôͷ
ʾ벻ʲôͷϾڵȷֻһʮСǣүүҲֻһҽѡ
һжֻΪһҪ򣬹ܾΪԴ飬ȻΪĸΪ֮ԸѪԷ׷վ侮ʯϧԣȻͻȻѡ˵ô̫أ
 1
ǲҲûϵ
Ϊڶ죬͵˰©˰ɼҸΪ棬ʹòҵֶνҵˣӶڿ͹ֹ˾ѡ
⻹㣬ֺɼҸӡӰʢ¦ճءŵʷͰ

ɼҸӣǰǣܾүʲôͽ
¥ǹˣȲ˵ܾүûЩ캦飬ֻ˵ҪҪֺ߿鰡
һ߹С˵ڵС˵ôд
@ʢ¦ǰôϲ㣬ȻǸͬǸͬҲˣϾȻҿͬҲ֪ͬûʲôֻҪһ뵽ǲ֪ʱһſһϣŻ
桤ҵǱ˵򹷡
ֵʲôȻôˣ

ʱֽܾ¼ȶȣǺܿͰ׵Ժ
£Ҳ鲻̵ܾ
Ծö̵ܾ֮ͳȦһδ֮ա
ܿ죬еͶ˽
ɼҸӡֺͷΪˡ͵˰©˰ֱ̡ʮͽ̺ʮͽ̡
رץ֮Ƿһܾ̣ɣЩ鶼ֱġ
ܾҲ֪ԼԸ̫Ըûȥ
̵ܾĸΪŰܾ̺ͷ̰գֱͽ̡
ǸܵҲĬ֮£˳ĳɼͲãԺܿͱѧУУڼΪȰˡ
λغڿK޵߰ɼҹĹ˾Һóҹ˾ƲɱԼعܾЩϣ֪ĵѾˣԹҲûн˼ֱӰշд̡
ȻЩӰʢ¦ճءŵʷҲ̳
ǵжܷ˿׷ڷɾжء
ҲǿȻʵ֪࣬Ҳ֪ʵ£Ϊֺ֣ܾ̱ݺʱ򣬾Ȳվ˳ָܾ̣˵ܾ֮ǰ飬ҪһΡ
λܣҲļףͽ˼ϾȻûе֣ǲ㺦ܾҲģοúܶǰơ
ЩҲȫ˸Ѱµɵ˼֤
ԴˣֻܾǱסգ˵һ䣺ллүү
ȥֳͥҲֵһǵӣ֪ҪΪյԵʣ³϶ȷءĸʮֹ
үүһ˵鱻ʵȴľε
Լĸͽ˼Ҳûзһ˿Ĳ
Դˣֻıû£ȥˡ
Ȼʵʲôû
ΪЩ鶼ġ


109 ׸
һʮꡣ
֮ĵڶ, յҽҲڱдˡ
׻㼯Ѫģһʮٶʮ֣ռĺԴһһǧҩҽ޳͸˹ҡ
ŹæҵذԴĺ͸ҩȫרʱ, ֱ׳ذѿһϢĹظĳ˿һϢ졣
ϾΪ˸ͨ澭ҪϺص, ˵ز, Ϊάϵθ, ٲҪȥ鿴, ˳һ¸ӰӳǸƵķ
Ȱֻ˶, ڹ˼Ҵ彨һСҽԺ, 㷽տҽԺ˼ʮҽǸմ, ˳ӷ͵һʦ
Դ, յȻܾ
ȻһҪʱָǣڣҲܰ¡
ˣҽʼˡ
󣬷յ̵ĵһҽʽʦ
ʮʦзҽѧҽʼһҽԺ
ȵ뿪ʱ, ǰʮҽѧԺ֮Ѿҽרҵʣµ֮һһֱûпҽרҵҽѧԺҲΪ뿪裬ΪרҵĽʦŶһֱûܳﱸϾҽҽһ츳, , ԲŻҽԽҽԽõ˵, ֮󶼲˵ȥһԲͨϰҲȻͬĵطˣҽԸġ
Ϊʱҽûг׹˰֢ʪ֢ڻ̶Ѿ֢ˡ
ÿ겻֪ǧټƵҪǰβںܳһʱ䣬Ӫҽн鶼ǻ׬Ǯҵ֮һȵʢһʱĸӵнҲضˡ
ЩųҽĹҺνĹ֪ҲȫĬĬβͣ޸˽ֹҩҽķ
ʮ꣬ԽԽá
֪Ǽס
Ͼʹ֮ǵµʱЩġ
ĳ죬յͷպ̵ܾ˼һ棬ϣʹϼٷˡ
͵ΪԲһΰɡ
ϾûӸǣĳôҲҪۼ֤һС˵ĳ
鸸ߡ
ڳý鸸֮ûãͻУڷյİ£˳һ̥
̥Ѿӹ鸸Ĳҵơ
ҵϵȻ˿գˣǵﻹ鸸֧ѹͷϡ
Լ뿪ˣ鸸Ҳûоú˸С
ա鲢ûȥˣϾڶѾִˣʵڲʺȥ
ֻƷպͻȻˡ
˼ȻˣȻ͵ÿ׷ᣬڷΪҽķչôĹףô˵ǰ¡
ֻΪǰӣԲ׼˰Ϣ͸¶ȥ
ǶЩվȹ˵ôӵҲƣȴֻܽҹʲô
ڷһߣǾҲÿԼˡ
ǵڶ졮׷ţҫᡯͿˣǹҵ̨72Сʱȫֱ֡
Ÿ缶ҽѧ׷׷ɾͽѧԺҲ󣬷׷׷Ժʿƺš
ͳԵִ׷ֳ´ǣʡУҿѧԺԺʿҽƴѧУҽ˵Ŀߺ쵼ߣҽ顷ıߣзġһʮʮһҩ˵
ĸΪֱ˽Ϊ˲˵ƣͨﵩĹ
20421030գ۹ȣȻţʮꡣ
ǻʧҲʧغ
ƪľһֲس˷յݡ
ͨﵩĹ
۹ȣ
ʮꣿ
֪пһϢĹصĳˣⴺʷѹҵͳ
ȦҲûƽš̵ܾ֮Ҳƽˡ
Ϊڻͳ´ǣҪ׷ǰݵʱܾΪӴǡ
ʱܾѾʮˡ
Щ꣬ΪзձݻȦҲû˸ҰЩ⼿ˣͷϣټ걣ϴʮʱѾҵĶ塣
ֻǲЩ˻ڱ˵һЩˡ
ܾ̲ںˣϾƾеϣʲôġ
ϷİãʵûҪΪЩӰ쵽Լ顣
ֻ⻰ڷǰ˵ˣϾĻ֮ⲻҪһվҪȥ壬Ȼڶ϶²˴
ܾ̱ʾһצ蹷.jpg
һֱʮ꣬ŮһҲʮ߰Ů̫ʣŮ̫εľ
ֹԼԱ֮·ת˵ݡ
ݵƷʼ߳ţ磬Ŵն֮ȦھҲûۺˡ
ϾС쿿쿿֣⿿ʱһĻôڵͱˡ
ڷյĹ֮ѵһʱ뵽ĲǡѹܾϴԭΪүүôǡԭΪܾôѾˣû뵽үүֻ˵ү
оʱͻˣԭǾܾ֮󣬾ͱλԼľ͹˾ѩˡ
ڣΪܾΨѣܾ̺ͷյıݻ֮£ǺҲڸԵ˲Ƶĳɼ
˶õӦõĽ֣նԴⲻ
Ȼֱ۾
һ룬һԵ˴˵ӣڸδã
棬һȺʹһŮѹڵء
ŮһɪһҶȴһһܻգʲôſҡ
̫Ѩʼǰļ䡣
ǸŴ硣
ǴǬλһŮۡ
СʷϵĵһλŮʵۡ
λΪŴж࿪ţΪĸ׳ƽϥӣֲĽòֵĻλø°ܽϵȷмֲŸɣԽǿ˻λ
ֻϧǣȻλƽ۾ͼݱˡ
ϳƽ˻ϣʵԽԽǿ£вŸɣҲ赲Ǭǡ
ϴǬĿǰʵеȻķַƣطһŮͷҰԶ
ĴǬν⻼
ǰǶա

ӣ
δˡ
գ
ͻȻҸط׸ĳ嶯


110 
Ȼ, ֻǸЦ
ʵ۶ڼôܷһΪ
λʵʵ
ֻڻȨ˥΢, صЩԱΪֺ, Ȼٰӭ
ķŲŻɷذտе
ĵճ, ĸǧһϣһλ͵ҹŮ
˵䲻ϵġ
ΪķڶԴ忪ʼ그֮, үͱʵˡ
Ϊ˱סԼλͷ, Ѿ˼ȢϵŮ
ϵİ£߾, ֻ˶̶̲ʮʱ䣬ͰؾӪԼλؽ
ˣǸ֮ʵλ
ΪԴӶչ֮󣬱ߵøڿˡ
ݹ۴, ֮, һһǿ, ˵Ļ, һ, ܽ峹׵ڹ֮⡣
ȵռ̳λʱֵĽһȷĶ
ƫƫͳ⡣
ΪһС˵ݻ硣
С˵Ȼ, һݵĴԽߡ
ǰһǸϷ˼Ļ, Ϊڻ˶, ƾжˡ
󴩳ġݡ
ġݡǸ׸
ΪǸ̲ҵӵֵܣǰ̸ҵ·ˣɥ
ҵβѣ㽫ݡĸӽ˸ϣ˽ݡȥ˽õԺ
ֻû뵽ǣݸûʲô֣Լǽ˽õԺʮ飬ȴԶ
ֱҵĶȥҵʹ֮࣬Ϊסҵ˸СŮ׸˼
ݡ֪֮Ҳ˼
Ͼ̼ҼҲᣬҪȢ˲̼СŮʱ̼ҵҲƲͶ
˵̼ҵСŮĻرƯˡ
ֱӾ̼ұԼ⣬ĸҲ֧ľ
ҵ򸾷˲ԸǸ
Ϊݡĸֻһӡ
ݡҪ׸ˣ;
ǡݡĸһһҪر̼ҵĶ飬ҵҲĶˡ
Ҫǣݡǿųģ֪֪ףҲֻûʲô֣Ҫˣ˵ء
ԲҵҲĶˡ
ǡݡ˳׸˲̼ҡ
տʼʱ򣬡ݡ˷ܣϾڳ˲̼ҵŮԺ̼Ҷˡ
ģݡ͸˲ˡ
Ϊҵ򸾵ҲŲʮͷԸ̳в̼ҵļҵ
һǺͲүһܻϰʮһӶ̳в˲̼ҵļҵ
Ҫǣ˲̼ҵ׸֮ͬ㶼Ͼ˹ϵиûӳ
ΪǶ׸Ϊܡ
ݡܲܲЩö֮жԲҵ򸾵ǵмҲֱӱǻԹޡ
ԵСҲĶԲҵ֣뵽İ취̼С㣬Ų̼ҵǮһȺѳȥȻơ
ȻһʼĿĵȷǱ̼ңǺȴĳԽȥˡ
һλϣһΪһķģ˾ƣ̳¶ǣһغˡ
Ȼݾʹ˹
һǰȻǰٰ֪ԷȻһ׸ĵͼ֮
ڿ̼Сһò֮ԡݡĲ˲ʧһ롣
ΪݡȻǸٸһ绨Ų
֮ĵһܵҵǰϴȻõһʽ
ݾʽڽ˸ķȻִһЩĲȫ˽
ȵķʼʱת˶ľߣ齫˿Ƶȵȡ
Ϊ⣬ǿķһ¾ǧӡ
׬ӣ֣ھ̶ֺӣȻȲ϶ķҲһݲƵļҵˡ
ҲΪˣһŤתԼڲ̼е
ϱϷԣſھ̼СֵסԺܿˡ
Ŀɴֻڲ̼һТ˳Ͻ׸
νԽ췴ջ׵ꡣ
˵ˡ
һʼĿľ췴
αطôȥ齨ھ̶ֺӡ
Ժܿ죬ڲҵķ£ݵҵͼɿŵ
һΪɺƫƫطԱܲ񣬷̳͢Ǯذ޿̣սҸͶ
ˣǬĩʽĻ
Ҳ˳ƶ𣬿ŽǮһ˸֮λ
ĵһǺͻμ׸̼ҵ顪
̼Ҳһ̼֣ڸ̫Ҳ̼Сɷǡݡɲ
һֻôأ
Ȼˣݲʵʵ˵ҪȻȥٲҪһĶ
ǼĻ˵ٹûʣʲôΪ˴룬ʲôμơҲڸǲͣȢĶо
Ǽ̼ٷŭҲѾκβˡ
ϾǸʱѾķ⽮̼ҾǮҲһ̼֣˵һҵѾ½½Ѳ̼ҴĲҵݵ
Ʊǿ̼СҲֻ˳ݵ˼áˡ
ҲڣǰŲ̼СǵŮ˱˫ģ˹ɫũƶŮĻ𱬵Ůȵȫŵϡ
ȻΧǣּʡؽ
ҲڱķΧ֮ڡ
۱Ȳϲ̼С㣬۲飬۱ȲԺеǸģɫ۸ԶѷǸũƶŮһ㣬ǲ̼С㻹ģԶԶȲ۵ģǾǻʵۣ֮ϵŮۡ
ڼ۵ĵһۣݵĺͼ
ϾûбһŮ۸гɾ͸ˣֻҪһ뵽ݾ;ȫѪҺˡ
ҲͬԤϵȻǸʵۣǸŴŮˣƽʱֵڼǿҹ˾ʱҲҸҶӵĿҲѾ̽Ĺ
ֻʹЩֶΣ۾Ͷġ
ȵƽִ˶壬۾Ѿˡ
Եƽʮ֮ңȨ㳯ҰٹԷλʱֻԥһʹӦˣȻҲĶΪ̫ӣԼǬҵ
ݴӦˣԸԳص˻ʵۣ֮ϣӵ󹬼ǧӡ
ɲҵʮ֮һ
Ϊһӵٵζ뵱ʵۡ
ǣݵǻ죬Ϊ²ۼ֤ݵϻλǬΪʺ󣬷ĸ׳Ϊ̫׷ԿΪʵ۵ĳ
Ҳʱϳݵĸ׳ϡ
Ͽɲǵ걻ҹһѾߣֻǺΪӭȢŮòеͨȫˡ
һʱ䣬ϸջݵʱ򣬻ûбǲɢء
ȻǸʲôԿĶӣĶӣԿֻǳҵһԩͷ
ѣҪϡ
ҲΪ̫һûдһغ
Ȼˡ
ĵһ飬͵͵˻
˵Ǵڹģôܵϻʵۣ顣
ȻһԿǸԩͷܱ׷ΪʵۣôΪݵףݵϻλҲ÷̫ϻʰɡ
ҪǲõĻȫԷ֪нᷢƣȰ´ʱȵǻΪٰۣѻλݾˡ
Ϊ˼ݿӦ
ѵŮҲյİ޸ݵܣҲǰƷڵص³


111 
Ҳ˵ǰ, ʵյĽ
һΨһĽ
ΪȢʱ¹檵ĳŵ
׶ʮأһһһŮ
սΨõķ, ǰҲ
, ݲͷ⡣
ĸԤ£ڻûб, ݻֻһ̼֣Ҳ˳ذԼ׸, һ̼СΪˡ
ҲҰݵݰᵽˣϾڻҪϺסľء
Զ⣬ֻݵġԿȹ, ŻὫĸӽӵչˣӡ
Ҳɵģ˵ΪһҹŮ, ںլ˽ǴСͶĿȾġ
һʱͲµݿ˽ӡ
Ҳ׼ǰϴݵĸеĺۼ, ˰ѵŮμ޸ݵ뷨
Ϊ˽ӵĻҪǻѵŮ޸ݣǲ
ȻҲ뵽һ, ʹĵ״Ļ, ȻϾܾ顣
ΪݲһԶ̻, ʵ䲻, Ϊ֮, ȲΪ檣оʵӶ
ⲻ֪ҲͲµô, ôΪ˴ĵ׵Ļɡ
Ҳû뵽ǣһڵһ㣬ڵڶ㣬ȴڵ㡣
ڵȷˣǡݡĻ˵׾ٵؾͱסˣڻŵĿݡ
Ͼǡݡףɲġռ
ԺһԸݸТġ˳桯ȫΪȡȨƺ͵λ
˵ǰˡ
Ϊǰ뽫ľ
վöĲˣݵ̶ӣǴеĶľߣһӡ
Ϊ⣬һֱջġ
ƫƫһʱģ治ܰô
ΪʱֻһĹϵŵԲ;ƷС٣ȴǸ߸ϵķӡ
Ⲣζͱˡ
ϾС˱絽
롣
ݶϵĿɲյĽΡ
ߥ³ȥȢΡ
λǻμҵĵϵӵܣһμμСӣͬʱҲǻӵܣԺζģ嶾ȫ֡
ΪЩĶľȤ˹ϵܰպ͸
һ˵Ǹˣ³ʱĶˡ
ҲԼһܸҡ
ΪȻǸӵܣμҼλҲǺҰĵġ
ʹӦˡ
ΪǵúһΪ³˹ϵμңӮμСĻģμҵ֧֡
һȻٽݺμҵĹϵ
³嶾ȫ飬ͷĸ˲檵ġ
ȴǵһӦȻݣ³ȷ
嶾ȫһ㹻ܶĸųŮѡ
û죬ͳˮ³ڴ֮ͥ½δˮ顣
˭ֱʲԶ
ǸʱѾǿЩʱˡ
Ϊα³ˮѾûˣҪǲ޸³ֻܽͷȥãҪȻᱻԷû
ϾǻʵҪϳƷ粽еڵĻʵλŮۡ
ֻܼ޸³
³ŵԼԺһһ檣һúöԴΡ
ֻҧӦ³
ǣκ³ײһ꣬λв߸£³ңǰŮֻһ
һһ¡
һ룬ֻɫһ䣬ֱ̧ص³ؿϣ˵檣ԺúöԴΣ
³ҽһҲŤһš
Ҫס㹻ǿ׳ͱѿˡ
³ʶˡ
˲ؿڵľʹһŵգ˵
տûǸйƱ磬˵ȸӴһȡ
³˲ɴۣڶգʲôҿ򡭡
ЩҲˡ
յҲôѾʹ𣿡
⻰ЩĪһݡ
һ˵嵶³
³״һֵңգҿμҵӡ
Ҳʱһס֣
ʶתͷ
˿ɲݡ
³ǰһݣ죬ҡ
ȴҲһ³ϣһɸ֣³㿴ڶʲô㻹ǵ㵱ôŵ常ε𣿡
ֻ˵⻰ʱ۵ȴһ⡣
this
ϾһѾ˺ܳʱˡ
Ҫ飬ԺպЦЦó
˵ţ³ʹ˸ɫ
³Ӧŷգ˵գ֪ˣЩŮˣǹյңҲǹģֻǷһ˶᷸ĴѣͷŹһذɡ
뵽ʲôǰһźأҪǴ̼ô죿
ҷģһͷͰЩŮȫǲɢˣұ֤Ժ󶼲ңͽú
װԥ˵գȷ³ĲԣôΪ
³˵ҲϾεȽ⡣
ĶˣǾһذɣ
ݿɲĸҰ³ô
Ͼ³ȻŮͬʱҲμҵĵϵүҪҰ³ôμҵһĲ
ô³Ҳһϡ
Ȼˣºǻй¶εġ
ҪȻӵı
տݡ
ʵϣݳĵȷͦģҪȻҲôŮӡ
ֻϧˣȻһ˵ȴп޲ġ
ޱǰ֪λˣ㻹飬ֱ޿⡣
ȻˣǾȰȶϰɣ
ʲô
һ͡
յȻôŹ³
Ϊԭǵһ̥Ļ౾Ͳ̫ãֻҧŹ³һ
û죬ξͲ֪ʲôط֪顣
Ϊȣˡ
Ȼ˳εҲˡ
ҺӶˣҪ룬μҲӦ
Ȼͬεº䣬Χ˾ǡ
ʾۣ˳۶˺øС
Ȼƽ˶;ŷ֮֮ҲȨ㳯Ұ
ٹΪô֮ΪͿһŮͷϣֱƹҪλ
۴ӦˣͬݵĶΪ̫
һûƴ׵Ϊǻס
Ȼܾ
־׼ǻʱõеıݣֱӷˡ
ģƾʲôժӡ
ԸסԭΪѶȻҲûʲôˡ
Ҫףǿܷ̫ϻʵȻǡ
ĸӺǬϤɱ
Σݱ䵱ĺӾͱ³һ籽ˡ
ϾȵݵǻΪۣĸǰѪˣǣǲѰ·
ʶϱҲôԸĸӺĻ׵ġ
Ͼǰ״붼ŵ£Ҫ۵ĶΪ̫ӣ˭ܱ֤պ󲻻Я̫ӶıвĻλ
ʲô͵ʴףˣ


112 
ǣ
ֵص, ۾Ҳ¶һ˿
³ʱͻˣȥһ, һߴ󺰵ңգҶҶ֣μһŹ㡭
ŷӦס֡
æתͷգ, 侲һ㡭
ȴ, ȵŸʲô֣
һ룬ֻ, 嵶ŵһݺݵ³ϡ

³Ĳҽڳ˵ĶĤ
ٴξе䵶, ݺȡ

һ, ³ֻеһ, ֱӻ˹ȥ
³Ťһŵ˫, ǸŮҲŵһֱӻ˹ȥ
ݵŤ, ôҲû뵽վȻĸҶ³֡
μ˱ر𻤶, Ҫ֪˴³, ǿ϶ֱӸұȻǨŭͷϡ
Ͼһʼ³Ȣ, ڿӡ
ԵʱμôܻԸŮ޸, Լȫ
뵽, ͵ضս˫ȭ, ǿŭգ֪㴳˶Ļ𣿡
⻰ۿ֪ʲô𣿡
ݣ˼µĸ檡
ֱӴĻ˵ûͷ飬ˣ³Ƕ췢ĵģⱲ檣úöԴΣͲúֻȣѾǿμҵˡ
ݣǡ
գһֱΪ³˵飬ݣ㻹ǵӣ𣿡
Ȼ㸸׵ȷȹҸҸɴûп㣬ΪƾһԶСӣֱһ֮ͬλȻڶ̶̲һʱ߼Ʒָ֮λ
ֱָݵıһǴʲô
ս˫ȭ
Ϊ˸մǶʱ䣬ʲôʱܹ衣
ȴٴһ˦ߡ
ȻֱӴˣһ̯ݡ
ûмȥΣ˰Ѹҽ˹ű̥ķӽǣֶһ֮󣬲Ŵһȥ˻
Ϻ˵Ц
չ֣ãӡ
ĸף㣡
һȻǰӹǴӣһ֮Ц˵ּˣֻǸҲȲˡ
˵˶٣ָƽڼûϰ
⻰ͦһӵҪ˵뵽ʲôɫ˲䰵˲١
еĹϣע⵽󻹸Ÿҽǣ
˲ɫĸף㣬м鲻֪˵˵
⸱֣µӣҲ֪Ȼǳʲô£ϵЦ˲ɢ˸߰˰ˣζһֻ֮˵˵ˡ
Ž֮ǰΡ
³ôҡ
۾ˣԭΪȻҷ¶ģӦûıŶԣŲһ꣬ǵƤӵңһҾȻ˰˸µСζĺӻҪһ£
˵뵽ʲô͵ĻͷΡ
ֻŶӣһʹԱߵȥ
ٿ£ѪȻʪϯ
ʧΡ
ʱ
зմĸҽڣһ˳˶ĵĺӣû
һߣ֪վȻ˴³˫ȣǰһڡ
ӣǸӡ
Ĵŷ֣һŻ
ˣ³³ôˣ
һࣺѾȥҽˣ˵֮ڣ¶վˡ
˵֪ʵ常˵ڸô죿
뵽ģȻҲ뵽˵ʲôطȥץȥ³
⻰һϲ
֪һ̣˴Ҵ
ү˵μҹүҵ֮󣬶̥ˡ
˵ʲô
ݵͬһʱ
վȻΣ
ֻǹĵĲΣǵγ£¸ˡ
ɫ˲͸ѿˡ
ֱԱߵһ˳ѵүˣ֮ӦǻظŶԡ
˵ȥι飬ͽ°ɣ
⻰ǰһѵ֮ʲôð취
ü΢Ц˵ֻܷĽ齻¾ˡ
˹ڴͷ棺ĸףŮడ
³ĸԹŮ檣Ů³檵ĻᣬŮռ޹ȥĸ׾Щ꾰ãǮΪɣŮѼױȥŮӦǱ˿ŮķʳŮ˳趨ʡĹأǺҲҪŮԺϰʱżŮ
ȱʹӣǼŮףҲҪŮź÷ӣǵ˵ŮִӲܱӻеˣԱŮҹָȫһ˴ʮӣŮվôġ
ЩֱѪǣμҡ³ûлһΡ
ֻǻû˵꣬Լ졣
Ͼ³ҪĽΪӣô׵ʱһҡ
Ҳ˵³䡭Щ飬ǰôҡ
˵ЩѾˣΪζѾ޸³ˣﶼѾ³ĺˡ
ҵĶԺҪôźã
εధŮ³룿
ǰ˵ǲõģҲΪԼһμ˵ģʵ֤̫ˡ
ԣ룬롭
Ȼдĵ¸뷨ǲԵģΪŮҲ˲Щˡ
뵽ʲôһֻμҲ׷֡
ˣտǸոմ³ȣμһ򻤶̡
ƫƫϣμ޽μңμҵˡ
μȻδζԣǹΪףҲûвμҵļµȨ
뵽ҡҡ׹
֪һ룬յ
ʲô룿
±³ΥȣȻˣֱǡ
˵ȴ쳹ԺӣסΣסøϹˡ
ݡݷ
κһ٣ƺʲô
ֻһ룬ŭȵ˵ʲôɷĵ
⻰ĵ׵ǿطֱȥ
ֻ˽
ǲʲôĿֱֱںǸˡĽϡ
һ˫ľ죬ɴƳɵӰһԼɼĻԲĽֺͷ
üͷһ
Ͼǽֺͷ֪Թٻء
Ͽ˴һɫī˫ؾͿ֬һ㡣
ˣߵĵһıʿ´ǣ֮
˳ôŮԼܹһȺƽң壬֮ҡڸݳıߡ
ҳ´ǳϳ¼ң꽭ϳ¼ҿԺһʱĹԱÿʮһԽϳ¼ңǽϳ¼ҵӡ
ΪˣƽҪǿλڷԼʱղ࣬һδƿس͢ʱ򣬳ƽ۲Ż̫ԪΪ˱ͽĵʞԴк֯˳¼š
´ǽӹһٵΨһĳ¼ӵܡ
ڲŻƶݲɱǬ׵顣
ЩҪģҪǣ¼ֻг´һˡ
գ
׸Ĵ


113 
´ǣ
ʵǷյĿ̫, ҪӶѡ
ֻüͷʾѾʧΪ
ǷղûջĿ⣬ְĿŻĽϡ
´ǣ
ھʱ, , ڸоΣ
յעҲ漴˹ȥ
´Īһ
üͷ, Ƿð, ΪʲôҪһ
, Ѿݿ, ŭ˵, һֻ
⻰ֻΪĻθжѣֱӱס, 
տίߣֱ˵, ûɷĵѵоŵ, תͱĵ𣿡
Ȼμûֺαظ档
Ը, أ
˲ˡ
ϵҲסˡ
ǰôûзӾȻôûɫ
ƫƫһϣ˫ۡ
ȻѾǼϣòˡ
ֻװһΪѵ, ˵, Ǹ, ʵǰǣ㡭
ϵҲĽӲ, , , ˵, ˼Ůμ, ³ĸ׵ĴĥȻ³ӭؿǸռҶĳ֮λ
ҵĸ𣿡
ĵҵȻĸףǸĴҵûμҵ֧֣һǺμ˺μƱػǧٱı
ģһúýѵ³һ٣ҺǸҲȫţҲֻһ
˵۾ԽԽ
ûټμҿε飬ڷմ³ȣռҲǡ
һμҾҲվסš
еˮȴ̲סɵӣﻹܲ²״ʲôע⡣
һǾҳڶôѵܵЩѾĨȥ𣿡
ҲӦ˹ۣ壬ˣѵŮû翵ĴҵҪ𣿡
ֻܼ˵ҲǸ˼
ֱӴĻʲô˼
󲻵ǷӦֱ˵Ҳȥˣʵϣ֮ǰҾѾεѪдһ飬ǷӦѾ³һȥˣˣһ;ɢȥֻϸ˶Ѿ֪³˵ˡ
ʲô
ݣĳ´Ҳɱɫ
ȷӦ˹
ؿ⣬ͷ·𿴵һһ߼³νʾڣһ߽ǷչʾΧ۵İտĳ
ӣ֪ЩνεĳЦ³μҡ
ûʲô˽ˡ
뵽ҲЦ
ҪǣһĴǰˡ
Ҳһ׼ŭ
ָŷգֱָ£㣬ӣӣ֪㻵Ҷ𣿡
Ϊ飬μȻѾûתĿˡ
˵֣꣬Ҫккȥ
Ҳ㣬ֻ㹴˹Сָ
һ룬ŲҽϣԱˤ˹ȥ
ҵĵƣֱֱع˵ϡ
ɵǣŵ˺ȻΡ
˶һĻסˡ
ֱյӣݣҲ׽£ǲ˵үҲøˡ
ŷӦֱðæҵطݵվұ졣
ҽ죬ҽǵô㲻ɡ
ˣ
˵ĿɲҶһԣ
һʧؿ壬ˣ˵Ļһ׸˵Ļ𣿡
ϴǸҹ
⻰ϵֽסˡ
˿һŭֿ˿һʧΣĵײһĨΣǺܿ죬Ĩξͱĵ׵ķŭǹˡ
ҲûپȥΪ֪˵ЩҲѾûˡ
ǣǣǼֱǲ
˵꣬ߡ
һҲ漴ȥ
˲䰲
ıӰղҡҡͷ
λȷûˡ
Ȼ˹ֻʣĲʶս֣ĸףǽô죿
²еĹǣģ㸸ôģϾ㸸ϥ¾һ˫ŮμǱߡ
ո˵϶취ģֻܺú̥ˡ
Ϊݻμҽܹ֧ء
ôô³
һߣ߳ĵһȥ׷Ƿ³
ֻϧΪʱΪȵ˸ϵɿڵʱ򣬷յѾ뿪һʱˡ
飡
һƺݺݵϡ
뵽ʲôֱӿ׵ĳ´ǣƣ´ǣ˵ڸô죿
Ϊߥ³Ȣε⻹ǳ´Ǹġ
ӣܲǨŭ´
´ȴŲæμҴүűү̲ɣүڽү⽮νȨ㳯ҰǾʧȥμѡ
ݣҵȻ֪ЩѾ벻ʧȥμˣμһƴȫǡ
´ǣԾҪүʹܲóܹμĶˡ
ӣҲֱ塣
´ҡҡеȣүˣλɻǵøղſڻﶼ˵Щʲô𣿡
ݣʲô
´ǣ˵³ĸԹŮ檣Ů³檵ĻᣬŮռ޹ȥĸ׾Щ꾰ãǮΪɣŮѼױȥŮӦǱ˿Ůķʳ
һó׽ЧϢ룬ϷŮѹʺŹ𣬾֪Ϸ˵ԳֵŮݣһ򿴲ߺӵݳϮ˺λ飬Ϻȥ֮ҶϾǺȥ֮ȴʮؽŹ½ӵμҾסܲͻȻķְɡ
ŮȻĸ˫ȴҲóƷĵŮϷҪֺ³檣Ҫ֪ѰҲ֪ޣΪ檵ĵ
Ȼ¾һ飬꺣ǸһҲȻҲŹУ³ҪŹ檣ļҲƲͶ
ȳ´˵꣬ݾȲ˵μȱǮ
´û˵ֻǶһԵĲˮһڡ
ݿ϶а취顣
ˣҲˡ
Ϊô飬һСǮ϶Ǵ򶯲μҵġ
Ҫ֪֮ߥ³ȢΣֻΪ˱նѣȴպβƨɡ
˲͵ʴ׵ıС
磬ݾʹ˻𼱻ǵȥ˻
Ҳǽǰļҵȫһ顣
ֻ˵е֮ǸǰģǰƱͲ
룬ֻԸݺӦô´ˡ
Եڶ죬ʹƱȥµһׯϣׯϵϴһָ֮ׯͷһһ֮ſȥ˳´ǵĸۡ
ӣ
ŵˣŷһ
գڼ𣿡
ŷ˵СȥͨҼ
˵ڷĳ´üͷһ塣
λӿûʲôԷô
ҪǣΪ֮ǰһȭĲ𣬻ʧȥ˴Σ֪Ҫֲ
ֻô룬´ǻǵһʱӭ˳ȥ
´ǳ¹£յ¶һĨΪ۵Ц
´ǣ
ЦʲôЦ
ǲ֪׼ߥݸͼɫˣñĸ
ԺЦЦó


114 
һ˵һ, λЦͦÿģμСݣǰҲҪѷɫ֡
ȵ, ʲô
´Ǻ΢, ΪԼʱ˵뷨
ֻϲԣұϹϾع񣺡ӡ
֪ҹ, кιɡ
һߴ鷿Ĳ, һ˵˵֮ݵĻţ
֮
ô֪λӻǸ졣
´ǲ²׼յ⣬ʵصǡ
һ֮߶ˣ
´ǣӵĻ, һꡣ
ʣ֮ˣ
´򴽽ǣΪпյ⡣
ʮˡ
Ŷ
ͻȻЦ˵ˣҽҲʮ
´ǣ
ôǵλϸ¸ʮߡ
ʶȥ仰ǲǲʲô⡣
ǲô룬Ҳ벻Ȼ
ֻܳ˳ٴʵҹãΪ£
˵Ҳʲô£˵иرĻţԹ
֮֮, ŷִԹȻ飬֮ĲŻ, Ȼ亱
´ǣ
ûǴĻǸղҲ˵˲ʮ仰, һǷϻ
ԴôͲˣ
֪һ룬˵֮Ļţ
⻰, ´ǵĴĸˡ
Ϊһ©ȻԽ²͸յͼ
ֻܽص˵Цˣ¹ǴӵĻ, ñ𱧡

˵ʧǲܵġ
Ϊһ, ĻŸ, û¸Ļŵˡ
Ȼ֮ԸҲͲǿˡ
л¡
´ɻ󷴶ˣΪû뵽վȻô׵ľͷˡ
һ˵ֻϧˣһкöҪ֮ءɣԵߣúýһ
´ǣ
ĵһ뷨ǾܾΪڤڤ֮Уһַղĸо
ͰѵߵĻ˻ȥΪҪپܾյĻǵöԷ졣
ڣǵλӵʱ
ֻ˵¹پ͹ˡ
ʱЦˡ
һӺϴֱѵӣ˴ĩ˻ų´֣
֪ĻΪпأ
´ǣ
Ҫпͣʲô
´æЩ߰ͷ׵ԺȻ̧ȥ
˴յĽž˵֮ĽôôҸůů
´˶סˡ
Ϊսϵ¶̫ߣΪպϢ˴Ķϣһ̵һ
ҪǣյĽŰĽţ°ȴıƽС
߲ӦúʺϽǡ
´Ǻ΢٣ڵСôõ
ȵȣʲô
´Ǻܿ侲
Ĵøˡ
Ϊϰ˲ٿһУԺܲϲʧصĸо
ֻǲöԲߣ˵֮ǲûϢãҿɫƺ̫áǽ˰ɣúϢǸġ
´ǣ
㵹ǻȥ
´ǵĴ
ͺܷꡣ
ڷպܿ˯˹ȥҲƽ֮
ˣҲûƿա
ǾϻӣĿǰܺ˺
һ˵һյĽŵȷů´ǲɵֺͷ
ڵĴԶԶ˵
´ǴûкͬΪԼ˯ţʵϣûһĹͳ˯˹ȥ
ڶʱɫȴѿ˾ˡ
Ͼ˭һͷԼڳеĻ鶼õȥ
ԳԹ򵥵緹ֱ˵¹ҪȥְˣͲˡ
˵꣬һ
˵ҽ֮ҹ̸ˡ
´ǣ
ڽһ磬´ѹ͵ˡ
ֱʱ֣г͢鴫˵Ϸ䣬һݾ֧Ԯϡ
ȻԩͷϵĹҪġ
ùغڵĳ´ȻԹæΪסţܿ˷ա
ֻû˰죬ڶʱ򣬱˵ҵ˸ͷˡ
´ûж룬ֻΪǼе˼ʲôҰζ͹ʡ
ʹӴһ´ǲŷֶԷеʹӡ
˵˵ˣҼ˵´Щ칫æüûлؼˣķʳڸһ㣬ԲϰߣСĸһЩղŹ
´ǸʵĶ˲ͣסˡ
λӵʲô
ΪֻΪݣ
ͷһ뷨
ϾֻϵӶѣʵǿҲвĵλ෴Խǿ󣬸صԽ
λӲ벻һ㡣
ûݡ
뵽´ǵüͷĸˡ
´ǾþûлӦ̲ס˵´ˣ
´ŷӦվͷɣлӡ
˱ʳзϣСľȻȥˡ
´ǣл
ȵһߣ´̲סְ˰̫Ѩ
ٴһЩֻעȴһֱ޷У۽ǵҲһֱԱߵʳƮ
Գ´ְֻѱʷˣȻùԱߵʳС
Ҫնʲô˹
û뵽ʳһ򿪣һůŹ˵ζ˱Ƕ
´ǰѲȫ˳⣬ĩӣһ嶹ϲԵĲˣʳ·һ̿裬Ȼµġ
ֻ˵ˡ
´ĬĬسһĩӡ
ζҲͦġ
û뵽ǣղֻģΪƶᡣ
Ϊ֮ļ죬ռһͲ˸ͷ
ξܾҲûá
ҲΪˣÿ㣬ЩͬžᵽζȮһŷΧ
ĩˣǻ̾Ľ־Ȼ뵽ôõĳЩĲ˾Ȼûһظġ
ɲǣҷ˶Са趹ˡ
˵ˣٻͷʳҼҷֻʮǮȥԼ

⻰´üͷһ塣
ΪЩֻͬΪЩҵĳģȴ֪ЩǷġ
Ҳ˵նӶɷҪȳ
һ뵽һֱԼǰǧټҪҵĳ´ǵɫ˲ͱˡ
ѹ˼붼²͸նԭȴԭĿľֺ
ǿЦ
һӹƽ¼ţΪ׵ȴϲ
λעòĻӦġ
Ҳ֪֪ʵĿĺ֮󣬻᲻ѳӶˡ
뵽´Цѡ
֪ʱһλͬǷʲôͻȻ˵ף֣Ķôˣ
´ǣ


115 
´ʶ̵Ķ䡭
˵Ҳ֪ĶΪʲô
ܿͷӦ˹
, ʾġ
Ϊ뵽˷֮ǰǧټҪңůŵˡ
ǰֻΪͼȻ롣
ڲһ, մ˾ٺռʲô𣬶Ļ, , ǡ
뵽Ķˡ
ģ
Ҿԭ
Ȼλͬ˵ȵ, ˣ⼸ͷǸʹӣǰȥҵʱƺûм, ѵҵģļСҵģ
ҪȻʲô
´ǣ
´˵Ҫԣֻǡֻȵ, ϾѾ쵽ˡ
֪û˵꣬ͻȻһ, Ŵ, Ǻࡣ
ʶӵһڹԱ
´ǣ
ۣ
˵Ц
˺ˣ֪Ƥ, ǲȤ˾ˡ
ӣ´пѱˡ
һһĺò֣Ҳֻغһ, ȻһҲ˷ͷϡ
Ƿ͹ķʳҪԵġ
Ǿϻ, ڻܺͷշ
踺ء
ںܿ췽վ͹˲ˡ
Ϊң̶̲µʱ䣬;ʮѾѾռ˳ɶ
ǿһʡ׸֮ء
ʡݵ״, ׷׽ҸͶңӦ
֧Ԯ͢ݾû˳ɽǬѾ˷Ʈҡ֮С
Ǿ˶ûԤϵĳ档
ȻҲ˷Ҳ
ﻹס
Ҳڴӻˡ
һģɫ
ɫȻ͸ġ
⻹治ǳ´Ǹ⣬Ϊ´ԭǴݻ֮ٸġ
ֻ˵μ͸ģ˵ҪǲǣμҾ;ĺ̸
μҵĿҲȷΪʲôô޼ɵ³ֻǷһС£³μңμɨأԺֻһϥҲֻһ
ȻˣǾ͸һ檣һլ
ܲ²μҵͼȻ˻
ԭҲܼ򵥡
һˣǸûкμ̸ʸ
ûԵ±Թϰߡ
ΪҪǷպΪͱôһ¨ӣҲǧȥμңμô
ҪǣΪ˰μңΪ³òѾõİ˳ɹɷ͸μҡ
˭֪ڹŴһ
ڣȴֻܽеͷøμңǿǼǧӰ
ֻҪһ뵽飬ݵľڵѪ
Ͳ÷ĸԽԽá
ڿ¶ɫʱȰҪ˵ɷ飬οΪһ֮Сʲôأ
ǲ֪μôģ˵ϺҷϣһŮͷ
µʲôµģңңٴ󣬻ܴ
һһϺҷϵʱͷϵըˡ
һ˵ʲôµģٴ󣬻ܴʱ۾ͻȻˡ
ˣѾǵǸҪҵķֲλˣӵʵȨյķҼҲٸɫ
οò˶ã̫ϻʣǻʵˣʲôġ
뵽Ķˡ
Ͼĸ˲檳Ⱥ֮ء
ο⼸Ůӵȷ֮
ݼ״˵ϲϲô˼ˡ
Ǽ״˸ȶ˵εε˵ү
ϲüҡ
´Ӧø˲Ŷԣǲ֪Ϊʲôһ״Ӷл֮ȥ
ΪС˵־Ӱɡ
Ҳûпݵʸˡ
ϾҲûкõĶȥ
ֻϧĸŮûʲôȴⳡƵȨϷߡ
Ҳܺ棬֪֮󣬻ξ
ֱӺݷ򣬻Ǻף
´ĪϣǰߣΪһĸŮĸܱסԼ
̸Щ黹ΪʱˣϾûվԵȨ֮ǰǿ϶ǲҰͱġ
´롣
º󣬷վʹȥ׽ˡ
˫ȭգȷ㸸Ķӣ㸸ң
⣬ϣɫأȷ
ӱֻе棬ô£μңΪ˲ϧϽһӣΪʲô
Ҫ֪Ǹʱϻûз䣬μҵڳãɴʲôϵ
ӾһЩ˵ݺμСߵĺܽҵʱ룬ά³ǲҪٳݺμСһ򲽽㸸Ҫμμҵ֧֣ΪʲôöȥȢμС㣬ϾӿΨһĶӡ
ҲǸĶӣ
ſھ
ӾȥݵĸϣɩӱԹ˵Ȼֻһû򷢽лءȻ˵ȵ⼸죬һ죬ӵġ
µȻǷն׫ġ
ϾЩ춼æׯϵ飬йȥЩ
û
۾ˣֵӵΣͳһû
ⲻҪģҪϵ˼ͰΪĸӵ֮ˣҪȻôֵӵΡ
УҪ˵ûĬϺݣǲܵġ
뵽ֱֱָġ
ҲʱıԺˡ
Դӷմ³ȣְ³֮һ֮£Ͳôˣ£˱Ժ
ͷգŷɫ˲ͱˡ
гڷһ̴Ӿֱȥס죬ϵһߡ
Ժȥ
ɫķ̡
ţ°һԣ
һűһһ͵ߡ
衣
Լһʲôʱˡ
̲סпӦùӰ
طխ˵㡣
ϾֻԺȵϺء
ڸιѵ˵үʲôʱǽǸõķѽ
⻰Ҳ˲贷ˣ׷ΧȥѽүֻܴԺİ
Ҳݼ㡣

ǽεεɤĶˣֱӽһ§С죺Ƿģò˶ãҿ϶ǹס
үҿ϶ǣôҲҪǷ檡
Щ˵ϲлүлү
Ȼ̲ס뿪ˣʱүɼˣСӣҪ֪ǸӶӣҲ̫ˡȱľסĵطˣʱǿɲ׼Դף֪𣿡
ֻţ˵ͻȻסˡ
ôˣ
˳Ŀ⿴ȥϺ۾һ
ȻҲʶʲô
һеľƱѵһ˵ϡ
һ룬תߡ
һ˲䣬ֻ۷ʥּøϵݺͳ´Ҳرɫ
ˣ


116 
ľҪ׷ȥ, һŲڸղŵڵϵǸƱϣˤ˸ų졣

һʧү
ʱͻ
ȵ˷ʱҲڷӦ˹
ôͻȻ
, ô֪Ժ£
ΪʲôЩڱԺһΪ˱ĸӣΪ˲˼ĸˣȷԺǵĶǲŸ޼ɵ
˵Щʲôá
˲Ϻʹ, һŵ
˵ڸô죿
, ǻַܺ
Ϊ۸ոշگ, иطؽ
ĴûᣬǵȻܴ
ĹؼڣҲ
Ҳ˵ڼҪ, Ҫбֹ۹ء
Ҫ֪̺ܶʱľݣľǺڡ
н, һ־Ӫ, Ҳ˵, ݿɶء
ҪΪǷ, Ǳ˵ǳ, ֻպ󶼱밲ˡ
뵽, ݵ˵, Ϊ֮, ֻȥǸԭ¡
⻰һҧҲֻˡ
οԼϾǿǼʮķޣֻҪϴ϶ϵġ
ݣû
Ҳ˵ǷΪ޸ٵĹŴ, ɲΣμҳԼȥļױ֮⣬ʲôûУĲҵȫڶҪĺַˣǾɱа˰һǧ
һӣ´ǲüͷ
ֱûô򵥡
ֻǲ֪ûλӵֱʡ
ڤڤ֮У´ܾλЩΣա
һߣŲҵ˳ȥӶ
յ˼״ֻಽ
һֱصŴټң侲˵գ˵ڸô죿
󲻵ȷտڣͱԽԽᶨԭĵһ뷨ǣҪȻôˣϾĸ˲͵ȡ
ҲģȻ뵽Σҵĵڶ뷨һݣɴ㸸ҲɨأǱˡ
ͷ뷨ΪҪ㸸ĸܹ𣿡
ҺڶӪ˶ʮ꣬ɲΪĸֳɵı˵ġ
Ҿ㸸롣
˵ҲҧгݣһҲù
ԭҲΪԼĿǶҵĳʱģʵϣֻ˲һӣĵ׾ֻʣ·ŭˡ
ϾԭͲǳ֮Ҳֻһദѡ
յ˵ͷ
Ϊֻ˼ҶѣڹŴ춼㲻ϡ
Ҳָֻһ飬նĸŮʮĸ顣
Ҳʱڸ˹
һţһҧͰ˵ϣʹ֪ˣұϣȻҡ
˵ݺݸԼһƣȻæ˵ԲǷ޶ʮϣԭһΰɡ
ұ֤ԺҲˣͽú
̬ȲνϿҡ
Ͼǡжϥлƽ仰¹ԼԼģҪһ븾˼ˣ϶ͻԭ
ֻϧǣͲǵˣվ͸˵ˡ
һͿһõġ
ϵЦ˵⻰³Ҳ˵
û˵ʱͽסˡ
ϣԾףҲˣΪ㲻䡣
⻰̲סս˫ȭ
û뵽һˣϾȻġ
Ȼϼ˵У޶ʮ֣⻰˵ô;رأ
Ҫǰϸô˵ȴò²죺Ҳ룬ҪңҪңͱռˣĻʳĺӣͷҲ֪жأ㣬һǡ
˵ʲô
˲ͺˣϾԴ֮λ֮󣬾û˸ô
ֱӾʹӵվϵЦԽˣ뷴ңոǾ䡮ǸӶӣҲ̫ˡ˵𣿡
⻰ֹݵɫҲˡ
û뵽Ȼ鶼֪ˡ
ѹô
֪û취ˡ
Ҳ˲ϸղˣ¼˵˵ΪȢ㣬԰ѸСͨȫˣݵĸһҲû뵽뿪ʱȻѾ˺ӣݲұģֻǸ⡣
ˣǼҲģμӲҵģҪǲգǾҪ೯͢治ꡭ
Цˡ
ǰ治֪˵Ϲıô
˵֪϶˵ʲô˵͸ٶӵξһûȴ򷢽лӻ磬ôҲ룬ǰǸܱͨС檣ԲһӶһ׬ӡ
˵ȵ⼸죬һ죬ӵġ
ˣʶܡ
ϣôܣǿֵµ׶ġ
ȻЩǷոģΪһ϶ǺϷգʱ϶Ը⽫λˡ
ݵѿˡ
ѹѾȫĴʩȴǱϷˡ
û뵽ǣ㱻˾Ȼǳϡ
ͼƱ磺ЩЩֻǸΪǶѣģһһ
ֱӴĻأΪ˸·μ޸³ķ飬𣿡
һɤۡ
˵һŮʮĽʳΪĽҲӦõġ
ҽǻˣξǵճμ˻۸ɡ
ֻ˵ҵҲΪμңΡ
ҲˣûַҲ˵ôϻˡ
Կżɽ㵽Ҫôſϰҹȥ
ϵȵľ仰򵥡
ҸѡҪôھ͢飬λա
ѿڶܡ
Ҳ֣˵ҪôѶľȨȫգζĺӳҪļϣŮ㽫ҪΪλ
ȻȨʵķֻмϸͶ
൱һҪһķء
ҧӦˣá
ϣȱŴӦһû˵ء
гϣͽٸ
ʲô
˵ȴݡ
һ࣬ΪҲ֪ϴʲô⡣
ˣʮǰϿӲԼźӵ飬޸ˡݡáݡ˶ʮĽ֮ߥšݡ׸̼ңáݡݵ˶ûС
ĸȴİõزʬǣڲ̼ҹ˽ʳ
Ҫ֪Ǹֻͨ鶼ᱻ
Գ³֪鴫ȥ֮϶ҲܵǣʱμҼ㲻ΪϾ϶ҲԸ⽫μС޸
뵽ʧС
ȴûһۣ˵뱣֤Ὣݵּļס
ıǾݼ̳֮λĿܡ
Ҳûпһֱۣ˵ãҴӦ㡣
ϲһ㶣û뵽Ȼô׾ʹӦˡ
漴˵˵ƾһ־ݡ
á
Ϊˣǰһķػ𣬸ˡ
Ҫʵ۵ģʱ¶ģõںһССĶ
ݵּ׵£ȵǻֻ֮¶ˡ
Щ
ҲϾҲǸ븾ˣ֪ᷢ顣
ڳϣҪҲ䵽Ǳĵز
Ͳ
зա
ݺݵص˷һۡ
СӸղſʼûΪ˵һ仰˲Тǰŵǻ֮󣬾͸һƬأڵ
룬ֻ˳ֽӶࡣ
鵽Ļˡ
ȻһֱȻô׾ʹӦЩڣҲЩס
յҲܲĿĴﵽˡ
Ϳʲôʱһ׶ĸŮĸˡ
ݵĸϣռǵԭݵϻλ֮רŴ̫ĳܵĸǰҫһѪ
еݱϻ֮Ҳ䳰ȷرȲ̼Сá
ҵҪǴ˼ͰѶĺӴˣαðŷմźӼ޸ݡ
ںΪʲôûдźǷϰԺѳֵʵʵԼҪóȻףᱻϱɡ
Էղͬ
ׯǱߵҲβվʱȥϷ´ǣͳ´ѧˡ


117 
ͳ´ѧ, ´ǿû顣
ϾΪЩѾ˴ǬͬԤϵݡڵԼҵļҲѶ˼˸˹
Լ䲻ǸŴ, ҲǸ, ´ô, Ϊ, ҲηȨ
ԳͱǴ, ˵ϻû͡, ʬҲŲϯ͵ˡ
Ȼ˵μֱӽǰ͸μСĶȫ˻ָֻݵıǵļӣ䲻μҵСˡ
Ϊ, ⼸첻Щϲŭ޳´Ҳû⵽ݵۡ
һе, ɲǷա
ȻΪֹ, ûȷָ֤, ڤڤ֮У´ǾһжǷڱ󵷹ֱ
ڿҴһƥʱϵЦ⡭ǿʧ˴롣
һ, ȻͿ˴һۣҡɹ̫, ȴνֵ״ԪɻҪ۵ķա
´ǡ´̲ס࿴һۡ
ܿͷӦ˹, Ȼ˳ӡ
յһ䣺֮ˡ
´ǣ
͡͸ˣ
ǳ´ջǲΪ
Ϊ֪տ϶ǹ⸱ģġ
Ŀ, Զ
Գ´Ŀбӣֱֱŷգ֪ӵãкιɡ
Ҳ֮ǰҲ˵Ҫ֮ҹ̸𣬺һֱûҵᣬ֮ӦúܿҪˣصع
´Ƕǵ񾭱˱ǲˣǰǸոպҼҴ˵ĸ
ȻѾַˣȻҲûбҪٹάˣȻˣӻذɣϾҪǱ˿ʱʲôҪᣬǾͲˡ
ˣζҵϣᱻ˿
´ǣ
´ҪⶼҲͲıʿˡ
˲˴ǣ˵ӣأ
Цˣﲻˡ
´һҭ
Щô˵óڣ
ˣΪմ˵о͵Ϸʲô
ֻǲ֯ԣ̾һ֮˵Ȼ֮ѾҵˣҲʵʵ˵ˡ
֮Ǿ䲻㣿
´ôҲû뵽վȻֱ顣
šüͷܿ֯ԣ˵ЦˣΪӣδķʲôҹ䲻ã
֪Ǹ䣬ֻ»Ӱ쵽֮ǰһıҲˮƯ
ϾĸԸѼҵһ䡣
˵󣬳´ĵһɣеǹ˵Щ϶˵ա
֪ȴֱӺ˵ЩǵĻԽԣ۾ҲЦ⣺Ҳ˵֮Ҳġ
´ǣ
´ǵĶ˲ͺˣһģһ롭Ҫ
㡢Ķôĸ֪
ֻܱһ˵ЦˣĳֻһƵѣôӣ
üͷ΢֮˵ЦϾýϳ¼ҵĵճүôһƵأ
һʯ쾪
´̧ͷͬʱͫʽ
ô֪ʵݣ
վȻ֪ʵݣ
´ǻһ˲
ܿ侲Ȼˡ
Ϊ뵽һ㣬Ǿǳͨ͢ռȻûнȥȻͼı
ͼıʲô⻹˵
´Ҳˡ
Ͼձ󣬳¼ûˣǳ¼ҵͻڣ¼ҵ׻ڡ
ҪջһĶء
´ǲͷַΪζǰŬˮ
뵽´ֻҧ˵ӼȻ֪ǳ¼ˣӦҲ֪¼ֻʣһˣҪǼ㡭
Ц
޸ˡ
ע⵽յĳ´ǣ
ʶԼ˵˻Ķ˲͸ˡ
æĿڣĻû˵ڣյҿ׸
´ǣ
´ǣ
´ǣ
´ǵĶ̲ס˶
ܿͷӦ˹
㷽׸ô˵ĺӣǼҾͲһ
Ҳʱ˵ںãҲǻкܶŮǼҹ̼Ӿˡ
Ͼǡ޳ȥŮóȥˮԼƽ¼ţҲòЩŮԳ¼ҴŮ
´ǣ
ô£
ȻеĶ
ܿͷӦ˹
ô뷨
Ҫ֪տӣǻף֮Ķ䣬Ҳ򲻸úͷһ
οҳδʲôʸ̸˵
뵽˵Цˣ׸ҲܴӦ
ӲҪǲ¹ˡ
ղЩʧ
Ϊ´ǾܾΪĳ´ǾȻûǰôƭˡ
ֻһǺðɡ
µȷðˣ֮ǧҪϡ
ȻˣҲͲ֮ˣǡ
˵ţת뿪˳´ǵĸۡ
´ǣ
ŷյıӰ´ֱӾסˡ
ȻϣղҪٴûôҲû뵽ջԥת뿪ûһµ뷨
Ƿյĳ
Ȼ֪ΪһܾȻûʸô˵´ǻǲ˴
ҲӲˡ
һֱڶϣһҹշתĺȦȥš
æµĳ棬´ǿЩ߰ͷȫ׵Ժ
Ǿ仰ڴδʲôʸ̸˵
ֻû뵽ǣȥʱͱˡ
Ϊʱ緹ʱ䣬ϰԵط˱ʣЩͬҲϰԵضԼķ˹ƴ͡
һӹȥˣӹȥˡƽʱһֱ׼ʱͷ˶ûг֡
´һֱͷĵǸǷյˡ
ܾ˷գ췽յ˵Ȼٸͷˡ
Ȼ飬ǳ´ǵıӻ̲ס
ЩͬҲ׷׷Ӧ
ҵʵ֣ɩǲǺ㳳ˣ
´ҲӦ˹һʲôɩˣ˵ЩҼҳģ岻Ծû
ˣ̲ס˸
ļҵĳﵨô󣬲˷Ҳ˸һ˸ɶš
ٿ´ǵ߷дšҺίұҲ׺šô֡
Ҳɵ֪´鲻ãȥ
ǵ˵û£û¡
Ȼûͷÿ˷һˣϾ绹һҪæ

´ֻܴ񣺡ǾͶлλˡ
ֻǷ˵ȴʼûгʲôζˡ
Ե󣬱Ѿڿտյǿų˰뷹
ڽһʱ䣬ԽԽæҲԽԽûʱȥ˼Щˡ
ֻ˵˷æĹԼûʱȥ˼Щ顣
Σ´ΪݵıʿȻҲԱ֮С
ֻǾӸճɽ˱꣬಻·ҲԽŢںݴ粽С
һСһЩ꣬˼أûãܺڵĳ´ǾͲˡ

ϣͷ˸գϺȣܵ
ƫƫʹҲţιҩʱ򣬾ͲֱӰҩıˡ
ڳ´ǵıӸˡ
ҲԺſڴϣֻ޲ڵĳ¼ҲҰҲùôܵʱͻȻһ̾
һ˫ִҸ£
ϤϢ´һ˲۽Ҳˡ
ĵģʲôҲû˵˰ƽŵϣȻʹӣ°һҩιȥ
Ĵ§ڻ
ֱĽҲԷĽŹ´ǵͻȻͰ


118 
, ´ǶԼʲôʱ˯ŵġ
һҹΡ
ڶϣ´ǱĻѵġ
̫ˣͣˡ
²õĻսˡ

´ʶһ, Ȼһ⴩ӵķ϶
Ҳ̲ס¶һ˿ϲá
Ҳʱ, һַֻĶͷϡ
´һʶתͷ
ȻϷǷ
˵ˡ
´ǿ, סˡ
ϷҲһĻĻؿʼԺлطš
ͣձڻһĻ鲻ɱø
ȴ̾˵ˡ
´۽Īһᡣ
ܹ˭
ȻַӦ
ܹ˭
ַܹܲ˵ͷ, ˵ͷͲͷɣ
ҷղѾ
ڵƲۣʲô
ֻ˵꣬ͺˡ
ΪⲻԶ׼
⻰˵, ԼƷһίζ
Էֻ˵һЩ, ܾ, æ˹
Ҳãίˡ
˵ţֲ˲´ǵ۽ǡ
, 
´ʶԼ֪ʲôʱ
ⲻҪ, Ҫ, ӼϸҲҪʱ䣬Ƿһ춼͸ϵ, ֪շ˶ŸϹġ
뵽´˵жǲܵġ
˲˽ջĳ嶯
һ, ͽɳ嶯ݺݵѹȥ
еϲա
ҲûΪʲôϲϷգǰҲͼղء
ϲʲôã, ͷ֮仹ء
뵽´вһĨ
پܾһηգЩ᲻á
ֻƲȲƿգҲȥӦյǾڸ׵ġĻ
Ҳܻġ
Ҳ֪ŵԲʲô̶ȡ
ʲôû˵ֻǰų´Ǵ·ֽõҩ˸ĩˣ¸ŵķӡ
Щ˵ҸˣҪȻһ˷־Ͳˡ
Ͼ´ڻݵıʿĸϿǸոŪݵĸô
ڴϵĳ´һȲ裬ˢһĳë۵һӰ˵š
˵ն˶٣һȥ֮󣬻ᶨڸдţһ𣿡
´Ȳһû˵
ֻԭЩ԰׵촽ȴȻࡣ
ˣûоܾǲǴӦ
һ䣺Ǿô˵ˡ
˵꣬Щʿûҹֱӳ˾ʣﳤȥ
´̧ͷȻյģȴĳӰˡ
ȥʱͲʱæԵȵջصʱѾǵڶˡ
ˣټһʣĸζĺӣǾĸ
ֻȻ̫á
ջ̲ס˵ˣǲ֪ЩԱĺԺжҡ
ⲻǷڹŶҲŷ£һЩģ𽵹ׯٿһ԰ᣬѶ¹Ա𸻻ھȫ˹
ôţ֪ʢľȻǸС檡ԭΪΪʢҵķȥˣûüȢֻܰС˹˵̫͹أΪμ԰ĶǹԱҷˣСֵͼĴôһȺҷվһ𣩣˵ǸʢǾӣġ
˵ֱӾЦˣҲ֪ʢķˣǱʢ˸ͷˡ
ʢǸũӣΪǼеİݵĻᣬĸʹˣеصȫ䵽ܵϣܵΪ׬Ǯ飬ȥھʦ
˭֪ѺھǮĻƣȻûãڵھ־ɽˣȻסȴ̱ˣھ壬һӡ
ʢͰһҪˣΪҪȥǿԣΪһӣܿԣоˡ
ĶʦҲǱŮŴʵļױ޸Ͽ
нʿ֮󣬿űͬ궼£ıһõĹȱȴֻܵɽҰԽԽƽ⣬Ȼȫϡ
ܻ֮ڣȫΪṈ̀ڴĵܵܵϱǸϱԭﳼ֮ŮΪ֮󣬳żĵǮȥϾûٹܹܵܣʮ˻ûȢޣ忴ȥˣ˸ϱ
ǺʢȥʢŲòؼұɥ˳Т֪ôģͺǵϱһûãܾܵͻȻˣȻ󣬵ȵʢϱТֱӰϱҡ
ҪȢܸ¸϶ݲǸС檣ҶԷҪǳţʱ뻤ǸСһ¶С
Ǹԭˡ
ҲΪʢݣСԽķƽڶ֪ݷ˵ҲˣھȻϷҷ˵װڵˡ
֪һʲôļ𣿡
һôĻƽĹһССƷٺһȻһóǧ񡣡
Сںĵʱ򣬻䲻Ǳԩġ
ϻ֪ܲǴʲô⣬ֺʱýΪǸС檵ķٸƽ
˵С檵ĸǰǸƷ٣Ҫˣʢһ𣬾ҵڿҲԶˡ
ҪǰϾ֪Щ飬Ҳȥʲô
Ϊʢķˣֻʢļ¡
ڽΪ޸ٵϣҺӳǽֻ˶Բʢ飬ִܳңʢٳޣҲûʸܵģҲһĶǿҼ䣬ҹˡ
ڣ£ܾĶĶþ
ΪػعζˣƾʲôͬˣǸ߸ϵģŮǵͼġ
ͱΣΪǲɷ檣ǰѼ滹Ǵĸϻ֪ǵνġ뾭ѵ¼ѵŮ
ֱʢǸҷˣʢǿҵķֲܿϽʿʢޣˣ壬ľȻǾǸҷ˸ɷ˨סɷģ䵽زȫҵġ
ԽԽ
ŰǸҷһѣΪԼһڶҲµŮ˳һڶ
ͷ־
˵
⻰ǰһ
֪һ֧ġ
ΪҲ뷨ֻǷڹܣ봦ʢҲӦ÷յͬ⡣
鴫ȥ֮󣬿ܻ𺦵ݷհ³֮
˵ţǰ㸸ڹܣµĹԱҲ㸸ˣǾͶЧ㣬϶ҲŲۣãʢɱӺ
ã
յȻᷴԣֻҪϸ˾УΪֵϵֻжһǧ
˷յ׼ϵ鿪ˡ
û죬ɳȥ˾Ͳ鵽ʢĵܵܵȻ⣬ΪķĹڳʬǾȻǺڵģȻǱ˶ġ
Էյֱ˽ʢǸСץ֮£ǸС檺ԥؾͽʢ˳
ʢնҲϵ֧£˳ļױʢˣŮ
һϵȻˡ
ҲΪˣٺʢλҷ˵ͬŮ˷׷ҵϣֹٺкʢǸܵһĲ׵˵Ҳ
æЩҳ̣ԩٴʱ򣬷պͳ´ǵͨҲԽԽƵ
ȻÿηնǺһżĹȥ´ǵĻֻбһֽ
ҲʧΪֳ´ǸĻһкԶǡҲˡ
˵Ǻܿɣƣɧˣ
ͬʱҲڼۡ
ͬԭдڼ۵ĵһۣݾ۵Ұ
ֻ۵ĸͻͽںѾĶԾϣȴʼûռ̫ơ
ΪѾڣʮ·ڲȴȻ£ﲻʲôæͷ£ǵĺȣֻг´ǳıߣҲʮѾĶ֡
ֱѮĹܼͻȻ˾ʣغˣˣֵܰѶˡ
ʲô
վ
ߣȥ
δ䣬ʹ˳ȥ
۾Ҳ˲ˡ
Ϊ֮ˣȻ֪ʲô
ͳ´ǵ͸ȥ
Уϣ䱸ɭϡ
ֱֻӴһóһ֧ǹַȻֱӶ׼һ֮һеľͷˡ
һ룬ֱӿ۶˰
飡
һǦֱӻʮ֮ľͷˡ
ʿǸľͷ̧˹
ϸ֮²ŷ֣Ǧ˼УǶľͷ
֪ЩǦҪǴϻһʲôĳ
뵽´ǲһҡȵĶҲ
ΪóһЩĶԲžѱϣϣƷǡ
ôҲû뵽һóĶȻô
úúã˴˵γ̤ƽѾ
ѾЦˡ
ݸ˷ܲѡ
Ȼֻĩȵ北ֻһסϾԭֻǸµĸܹ兩ƳѾˡ
ֻĩȵ北Ҳ㹻ˡ
Ͼǳ͢ľӻѾǶЩ壬ʱʹõĶ
뵽ݵⲻѡ
ͬ˵ʱγ̤ƽѾ
Ѿж壬ǡʵۣ
뵽ʲôɫһ䣬ȭͷҲսˡ
ʱһҪܵǧٱȥ
μҺĸˡ
뵽оâ䣡
ЩȥǹӪǼӽѵ
ǣݽڽˣ
ǣ

һߣҲׯϼԼĳɹ
ֱֻӴһнӹһѡػǹҲ׳ƵĴܼǰϡ
Ȼ׼İ׿һȺؼ׵ľͷˣ˰
ֻһܼɢȥҲɿ˷ػǹϵ֡
ҪȥЩľͷֱ̧ԭء
Ϊӵɨ£Щؼ׵ľͷͻƬˡ
棬ҽ˵һˡѧԺԺʿ߿ѧߡ֮ҹʼٸߣĴιҵ֮ϲϲ
С


119 
Ӿһȥ
Ѯ, εĲڵˣһһҹ֮˳һŮӤ
Ϊ, רŸȥһ, ֡
ֻǲ֪ǲΪս̫æһֱûлš
û취ֻȸ˸̵̺С
Ϊһյļڡ
ʱܿ쵽˾¡
붬֮ǰ, ڳ´ǵ£ǰʮ·е·׵ݡ
ת۱ӵʮݺϣʾǣѰս
, Ѿս¡
Ȼֻװ˲һǧǹ, ڳ´ǵĵ£ǹȿ, Ƚǰĵоɱ, ŻǹװĿ϶ǧһ䣬嵽ĵоɱ󵶶ǰ, һ߱ǹһ߽嵽ǰ©֮նɱѭһս̶̲ӵʱ, Ѿȷ˲ʧ֮С
űصʬ, ٿٴ׼ǵĺǹ, ԭΪֻʮ, ʮ³ֻǱǳѾˡ
һ˲ֻѪɺӡ
´ǵϣǹ벽Ѿ·ʰԲѾΧȥ
һʱ֮ս죬
Ѿ˵ϵıһ˲䣡
ʲôȻ𣿡
췣һ췣
ܣܰ

ˣ
ѾֱӾˡ
ڼѾ쿴˻ǹ٣װȱ㣬ȵҪȳЩǹʱҲѾˡ
ˣ
ɱˣ
ȵ·ϵʱսѾƽϢˡ
ֻһߺĪһʾȥ׷ɱߵСѾϣһЩиʣ
ʮԿʮѾɱ򣬷²Ѿʮʧһһսƽ֮ң¡
֮ϣŮ̧١
ǵڶ죬͢ΪͻƽѸ¡
Ϣϣˡ
һսͷ˺
ϵɫЩѿ뵱Ҹ游̫ʵսʮ꣬սҲŲǷ˸
ȻҪԭΪʱ̫ʵ̫ġ
ⲻҪģҪŮ۲ǹϽ͢
൱ݣ˳Ʒʮ
ˣ仹Ů۶Ĳѵԡ
˵ݵ֮᲻ᱨǣ
ĵġ
Ҫ֪ݵĸǱġ
ôҲû뵽Źȥ£ݾҡһ䣬һܱĳ˶ɵѵĴڡ
İɣµģŮۿһ֮ʲôûôܿôСˣˣǰȢ޵ġ
˵ȴǷգΡ
οҾŮֻȶöѣȵŮڳ֣һʰľͻϾŮΪһ֮ô̻ǹһսʤܵһ⳼
üͷһ
û뵽뵽Щ
ҲǣϾһ򰮿ʷ飬ҲһǿʶĲŮˡ
ֻϧˣŮۿûôǡ
û˵ǣŮ۾ҪʰݣҲǼˣҲ˵⼸ǵҪùˡ
ȻҲ뵽һ㣬һ
ֻǾãôҲǻףݾǳ֣ҲҪʼҴ𲻴Ӧ
ο߲ǻһͲôģݱǡ
һʱ֮䣬Ҳ֪ǸúһַɽǣǸʱǰڵһַꡣ
ʵ֤ϻ̫Ȼˡ
ν丸ӣɽǣ֪ܺõĶȥ
ԾУѾˡ
Ϊݸһ֮λڲ֪жĽٷһ졣
ֻΪˡҼп·ռ˾ͣԶĵŮһȵ´˳ȥڷ䶼ڴǿŰŮ˵ȹǲŵλġ
ⲻǳڴݵ
ΪҪһսǬָǬ³أ
Լ̼ҵ׸ҲǿŲ̼ҵķְеʽȥ޹зǹˡ
Щ˻û˵
ȲҪ֤ʵԼ˳Լ
Ҳôġ
ͲԽƽ£Խ쵱ϻʵۡ
һʱߣѾܾ˵ʱ򣬶ӱˣҲǸʱڰѻǹ˳ȰѾֵ塣
ڣΪ̫ǰǹ˳ҲǰƽѾ
ȻЩԭ׼ȵ͢Ѿܾ˵ʱٻʦ֮壬˵Ǭӵһڶ̶̲ӵʱնɱо֮󣬶ʱͲˡ
ھ֮ұƽѾȥˣǱ߻һ㶯ûС
ҲΪǬոձһôսңؽϢԳ֧͢塣
һݻôȥĹͣԻó֧֣Ů۵Ļġ
뵽üͷġ
Ҳʱ뵽ʲôоһ˵ЩǲҲһŴѻǹļ͵ߣ
ǵȻ
ݣҲ˵ǸЩ壬ֻҪĸӣһûǹȥǽʣֱֻӸǣһݻǹǲʮа˾Żǣ
˵̲סЦ
һܵƽ壬ܳûĸˣֱһ˫
ɫȴ˲ͱˡ
Ϊһĸ˵³֪
ֻǲѷԵĻ˵ڣ˵ΨһĻˡ
ִֻˣǲ˳ĳ
Ѿ˽ڣĸ˱ɱɽǡ
ҪȻ֪Ҫȵ£ǲҵһûᡣ
⻰ŽѾߵĻ˻ȥ
ݼ״һϲ˵ˣ֮ǰôͷҫ𣿡
գһٶɼûаĸס
ɫȻѿ
ָıƿڴĳ⼸ʮЩϺҷϵĳ֮
ݣοֲȱӣ˵ң˵Ǽüˡ
ݿеɲ֮ǰμǼ
ϽЩŮȫˣʵϣֱｫЩŮȫ˻
ڳ⣬Ҳܲš
ҪǣԺҲܲˡ
˲ת硣
ֻ˲ʮӣҧӦ
˵ûڲȱӣȱӡ
ʮ꣬Ǹرʱˡ
ҪǣҪʵۣ֮ϵĻʵۣǰһŮͷҰ
˵ˣֻնѣҲ˵ǻлġ
뵽ĵ׵˲һɨ⡣
ݼ״˵Ǿô˵ˡ
ˡ
º󣬷տŶļӼ˵﹥ɽϾҪƽϸϢ̲סҡҡͷ
ֻ˵Ȼûʧ


120 
Ҳʱ, Ϻλ𼱻ǵظ˹ȻҲϢ
ôһ, ôͻȻ
߾ǸʲôԵģʮ˾Ȼסˡ
иݸΪʲôַ֯Ϊʲô嶼򵽼ϸˣǲϱΪʲôֻж˾

һ࣬ʮʡ
ǵİΣ, ڸô죿
ǿ, ƽû˫ı, Ƕûһ˿ʤ, ˵ϸֻвǧˡ
ŷӦ, Ͻӵ, ټݸɱ֧Ԯ
ˣ
, ֻ˵
ͬһʱ, תͷ
ֻԶԼ
ԽԽԽԽ
Ϻֻǰһڡ
ˣ
, ǣ
رճţϹرճţ
أ, £
ӣ

ϳȻҳһš
سǵĹٱһ, ƴ˳š
ڰոǼɹСޣϸϵŷţȴǾı顭ȥ, һƬǽ塣
ųѹѹһҰס
Ϊ֪סá
˶ʮǰոռ޸ʱݣɱĳ档
ˣ˹ʬ죬ϵѪǻ˰µʱϴɾ
ؼǵõʱľ˵ͷߣŮ˱ȼɱиڼϣӱ˳ݳɾۣбڵ۾ģӵġ
죬ʷȻٴݡ
ϵ岻
ǿ򶨣ȵȣΪʲô
ǰôͣˣ
˷׷̽ͷ⿴ȥ
һߣһǰ
ʹ˾ʮﳤͤ
ֹɣ
´ǶŶһ
ǰȻ֥ȴȫȻĳ´ǣҲǸߺ̲ס˵֪֮ƣЩʱ򡭡
ߺɲǻ߼ҵļ
۹ϵ߼Һͳ¼ߺĸǳ´ǵ̡̫
Ϊˣھǣ߼ľӺ֧Żᵹݡ
Ȼˣݿɲ֪ЩֻΪ´ֻǿı˵ǡ
´֮ԻΪǰǸߺĸ׵ʮ٣Գ´ר˸ڹ˼Ұ١
˵ߺҲ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ϾܲȰ´Ƿеĳްɡ
ֻ˵ϣ㲻ҪסϣݵΪʵ㲻ʲô˾ӣǣһֻ½ʲô³
Դˣ´ֻ˵ģֶġ
´Ƕô˵ˣߺ껹˵ʲôأֻ˵ðɡ
Ȼʲô˵ҲСˣҲóɼˣǵĶ󣬵ʱ㲮ȥף
Ͼڳ¼ҿ֦ɢҶϣȫڳ´ˡ
⻰´ǲյ׹ƨͨʫԼĳԶǧ֮ĺ޳֮ˡ
ĬĬȴ˵ûС
ϾͷĿǰ״ֻ̬ղ塣
ΪȥǵҲԸͷȷϵ
ȻҲ֪һ㣬ҲӲ顣
ܶʱ򣬳´ǶǸһϷŪ
ϾĳнǶ˵ҲˣåǸ
ߺҲ˵ʲôٿ´ǵ飬ҲֻܰѵߵĻ˻ȥðɡ
ҲʱԶͻȻһ

ߺͳ´תͷ
һ˾͵ǰ
ֱֻӹڵأų´ǣոյϢݺΪʹлǹ켼͸¶壬ǰ۹أ¶ʮǣѾɽˡ
⻰´ɫһף˵ʲô
˵꣬žҪԱߵȥ
Ǹߺۼֿסôˣ
Ȼδ䣬´ǾֱŲҵĳƥ
ʱ˿ֻ̣ʣһͷ
ǾǼֻʣ²ǧյ³֪
ߺѾˡ
Ӧʱ򣬳´Ѿܳȥʮˡ
ǳʲô°ɣ
뵽´ǸղŵķӦһҧŷ죬ȥ
ϳҲ˾ɲѵʱ򣬳ڶˡ
ֻǰһȥм˳
һ۾ϳǡ
һһ̴۽һֱӵ°ϵ󽫾͸£ͷ׷᾵ľʦڻ
ǣʮǰݸǰա
⻰ǽϵйٱɫˡ
һ룬ͼ͸Ҳ˲Ͽ𣺡ϳţֻҪǽļҾ죬󽫾Ͼ˱򣬵ȵǹƼϳǣǵڣ
󽫾ֻӵʱ俼ǣӺ󣬱󽫾ͻǡ
ĻᣬϣǲҪƲԳԷƣ
˵꣬е䵶˻
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
ǵأѪȺ壬ڳǽϵЩ±˫̲סֱ˳
ˡ
¥βֽӲرź̡̺
Ȼ˿Ҳ޷ˡ
ԹԵ˵ԣЩĿǣֻѡҪôͶǲ֪ЩĿġ
Ҳǰ˳вһУӲһ֣ʹǬΣˡ
һѡǷسǡ̫ˣҸǰߣٲΪһ˶ǵİա
˱֮þԾΪֻƻı
ô˵ҲףԲȣܲТβòΪǡ
У
ѻ˵꣬һ˵
εתͷһֻһڼϸĹԱ롣
ղ˵Ǽ̻һ᳤ԴǵǷسǣǺֱƭȥʲôҪ֪ΧڼϳĿľ
⻰һ㶣˲عʲô˼
᳤ڣ˾ͷ׷׹ְݵӺͿԼϳʮΪء
䣡
һһѼĴصϵĿڡ
˵ɽнյİһĹ͡
Щ˾Ȼ滰Ը˵䣬ֱӱȥ
뵽ϵ۾ˣҧ˵ǿ֪Ҫ䵽˵ʲô³
Щ˻ţֻǼ˵
ˣһԵĽʿҲͷ
ǣǡ
ϵ۾˲͸ˣûʮǰ͸ʾݳǵʱҲô˵ģ֪׽֮ǡ
ǾãͶ֮󣬰͸¾ͻŹ𣿡
᳤˵ʱͬգ͸¾ڼϵ̫ʱ䣬Ϊ˭֪͢ջǹһ͢Ԯϵȴıؽ·һ򰢰͸Ϊβֱӹǣ
ͬĵҲ˵ܰ͸µǷسǣĳɵĿڳ֮ǰ͢Ԯ
Щȴԥѡ˽ǽȥ
뵽Ҳ۾˵ĸףǾȥ
᳤ָˣһǰǲŰܵˣΪܵǿޣµִŮӵɷ򡣡
ָͷԱǰոհһСΪǸСǱĸǿġ
ŷ֣Щ˾Ȼġˡ
ǿЦôĺ£ȴ³
˵ˣΪûȨЩ˸ǰ˵ǵˡ
ΪǾηֻţǱ
뵽ٲģҲֻˡ
ؿЩһۣƺҪǵǱ
תͷŷպΣգΣĸһˡ
⻰εۿҲˣĸף
ޡ
ֲ˲۽ǣǱĳЩҷǿˣԱǿЦ
⻰¥ļٱ̲סתͷ
ߣ
˵꣬ϴǾȥ
֪ʱֳľ˵ӿ˳ǽ
ϵģǵͼˣ
Ҫʲô
ѵҪͶ
ɰЩ׺б֮ˣҪ䵽ʲô³
ҪͶǶæسǵģֻҪǼһ죬ȵԮϵһܴЩġ
û
ܳͶûԺ˭ԸΪЩϰ

˷׷׺
Ҳ̲סˣʱ
һĻͻȻһҵֵõģٲ˶ǰǡ
˵ΪΪһ룬ǲŸܺȥο鱾ΪǶ𡣡

⻰ĪǺۿ
ʲôͻȻ˵ȻˣҺͿβ࣬Ҷ濤ǰɡ
˵۾˲ˡ
ңҺӵòҲЩơ

⻰ϵ۾ģˣ˵ɣ򲻿ɡ
ôԣ͵ҵȳĴˣ

һĻԾʱѾˣſ˵ʵǻһѡ񡣡
⻰ʶתͷ
ʲô
գǻӣӣѵ¾
ΪĿǣֻҪˣǱȻ׷ɱǣʱҲͲõϳˡ
ҪǣֻҪӳİΧȦͻлȥĻᡣ
ϷӦļʿ̲סˣҵԸӺͿǡ
ʿˣҲ׷վ˳ҲԸ
ǲŲЩһͷڹꡣ
⻰ЩԱˡ
ϻǲӦС
Ϊ˭Ҳܱ֤Ǿһѣʱǳǵ񲻾Ͱװ׶
ЩʿͰոϴӦǲɷ˵ٺֱӼϺ˳¥Ƿĩˣǻλĺ̺˹ȥһͷ
ǲʲô̶̺ʱҲ̲ס档

͵Щͷİ͸¿ſյĳ¥üͷøˡ
ʵѾȥ೤ʱˣ
һԵڻ˿ͷ̫쵽ˡ
ƻʧܣ͸µɫѿˣǬ˹ȻһȺų򡣡
Ըȥ׼ǿ
֪һ룬Զʹһɱ
ô£
͸µתͷԴ
һʿ󽫾ˣӴӱˡ
͸¼˵ȷǣ
ʿֻ˵ǵòŴ綼ͻϵһģһһǡ
͸µ׷
һߣһһҹ·ĸߺٲȻЩԲˡ
Ҫǣڶ֪´ΪʲôҪȥһҡ
Ϊ´һ·ϾľͷһֻŸ·ˣ˵Եˡ
ڼϳǾǰˡ
ֻû뵽ǣǸϵʱ򣬼ϳȴӰ
ߺ꣺ô£ѵϳѾˣ
ԣǽվŵĻǬʿ
˵һѾץˣ
⻰´ս˫ȭ
ҪǰԽǴ
Ǹߺۼֿסͱȥˡ
´ڿɲܳڼϣҪȻϢݺĶǾ͸öˡ
ߵĸǰǽ
ŵǧ;ġ
һĹͻˡ
˵մ˰ˣ´ǵ˲ͱҧѪ
͵һɷ˵׷
ߺû취ֻǿŴڲľʹȥ

ߣΪƥͱǵԽûһĹ׷
ô죿
Žߵϵɫˡ
յ˵С·˶࣬С·ϸʩչ
ǰһʱ·һЩϰ˵Ǿ˳ˡ
δ䣬վֱӴӡ
дͷİ͸¼״ˡ
׷ҸϣЩȻһֱ󣬵Ҳʼû׷ǡ
ֻǽģϺξЩ֧ˡ
Ҫ̫˵θոºûˡ
Ҫǣһ룬Ǿͳ֣ǵҰģȻһƬһ޼ʵĲԭ
һĻϺĶˡ
Ǳѵİ͸¼״ǹЦҿǻĶܣ
⻰εɫԽҰף͵¶˾ģĸףգʵܲˣߣסǡ
ȴ׼
ΪԽԽˡ
붫ٻһ·̣סһʱҲӲˡ
ֻ˵ĸעҪˡ
žǵɣֻôֵܡ
ϻܣһĸֻ±ǵĶˡ
˵ţĳҪסսԾ
Ҳʱ򣬷յͻȻˡ
ʲô
Ϻʶǰһ
ֻǰĵͰɽͻȻһء
ǷӦѸٴһȱڣӭ˽ȥ
ǰɽͻȻһأ͸Ҳһ
ֹЦֱӺЩڶǹںڿڣƾһȺҲǵľԿֱǰΡ
һӣǣɱ
ץӵģͻƽͷĿ
ɱɱɱ
⻰ЩﵱһСɽ³ȥ
һ롪
ɽϵĶޱؿ۶˰׼·ǹںͻͲ˲³˱Ļ⡣
һʱ֮䣬ǹںѪɡ
һӡֻ˲ӵʱ䣬ǹͣˡ
̻ɢȥֻСɽ³֮ԶĿյϣʬҰѪ
ҷˣ
ĻᶼûС
䣡
Ϻһ͵ؿǰ
ԶʱϹĸߺ˵һսݵĻǹӪѾȷɸӵĳ棬ʲôأ
Ϊȥ˵ˣսƬˡ
˵ǵ½Ƕûˡ
һĻĳ´ǣȴתͷֱˣ


121 
ʲô, 
ΪЩǹЩǹǰֱСҼҵһ
Ҫӵγ²ƽ¼Ҵܵñ
ߺ̲ס뿪ˡ
´ǼȻԸðű¶Σ, ҲҪǧĸ, ǲ˵֮ϵǳ
һ뵽֮ǰó´Ǿɼҵʱ, ´һʧǵ, ߺͻȻˡ
ѵ´ϲǡĿΡ
ôһĻ˵ͨˡ
һΪ´ǰ, ԽϲΣβѾ޹, ҪǣǬף¼ҵ, Գ´Ǹܺһ𡭡
뵽, ߺ̲סüͷ
ʵϣֻǳ´ǣҲȥ
뵽ʲôǰһ
ڵκǰֲһ, ҪĸŮ֪Ҫȥ, ǻɷ͸
Ҫ˺Ͼ˹ϵ, ȻҲͲǬĻˡ
ҪǣĸӿôǸݿס
뵽ߺ۾ԽԽ, æԵĳ´ǣֻǻûڣͿ´תˡ
ߺһ㶣֮
һ, ˵ôҷˣ
һ㱵ؿǰѪģĳ棬ܾԼΡ
ǿָһ˿ǡ
ΪͻȻЩǷյĽ
ʶתͷ˷գȻͿͻȻɭչ˺ĸ׺ͽ㡣
һǧ򳤴˵صǡ
˵꣬վͳ˳ȥ
ȻԽصʬԽԶ֪ʲôʱðһ֧ӣ׷һˣȻֱֿסԷ˶ԷķѶԷ°ϡ
Σ
ϣ
ǵֱû
һʱ֮䣬Ҳ֪ǸǵĶӵܵܵز©ǸǵĶӵܾܵȻǸ䣡
κˣ˵ýĸߺˡ
ָŷյӰ۵ɵϴ󣺡ǣǡ
ֲɵպͳ´Ƕһˣܲ²պͳ´ǵĹϵ
Գ´ϲϵĸʲôΣա
ŷӦʱ˶ˡ
Ͼμ޽¼ңͳ´Ǽ޸տ¡
ǰ߾Ͳ˵ˣô˻ܸ¼ҿ֦ɢҶҪǺߣĸͳ¼ڷǵôӹײĳһٲɡ
뵽ߺ굱ҪԸңѷպͳ´ץ
֪ʱɽϵĶˣһٷ򳤴żʮΧ
ʲôˣ
ĻͲߺǧһҲҶ
Ͼղһööڵ׾پʹ߼ʮٸĳ棬ۼġ
뵽һĻٿŲԶѪɣӺԴɢһصĳսɳʮϱ̲סס˷ĸ
ߺ꣺
ˣտɲֻӣôһֻ
ǲ֪֧ܲĸͳ¼ڴӹײʱٰǱƻȥ
ʶԲһֳ档
ӦǿԵİɣ
ôţߺĬĬذָպͳ´ǵ˻
ʣʾƱǿ

һߣȻջĳ´̲סһӦʱ򣬵һӦƿա
յ˵𶯣ʱˤȥô죿
⻰´ǵֵ˷յϡ
һĻյЦ˵Ҫߣܱô׾׷ϡ
Ͼһʼʱͳ´ǿǸ˼֮Զأɼ´Ƿ˶ˮ
´ǣ
´ǵ߳ŭ
Ҫ粵ȴԼҲɡ
ڱȷͣºֱ֮䣬ѡƫ˵ʲôӵʲôҲ
Էӵȴûи߹ΪղǼɵ¼Һ˵ݰˡ
أȴڵõϢ֮ɵһ˴ǧ֮ϹȴֻһɱӺĺϷ
´ԽԽҲԽԽ䡣
һ룬ͻȻס
µսʱǰ㣬´ײ˷յĻ
ȳ´ץյ䣬һ룬תֱֱϵȥ
ȵ´ǷӦʱѾһСɽϣïܵɭ֣ǰһ޼ʵĲԭѹϡ
ûģӢˣ´ǵĺĪһ٣ȥַողŵΣо
ȻͿմЦ˵ʪϢֱֱ÷ıӺ촽ϣȻĺһ𣺡ҪһͰ㣬ô֪Ȼôϲأ
˵ǳ´ǧ¡
⻰ԭΪЩʶҪƫͷȥĳ´ϵ˲ͽסˡ
вһĨ㱡
ΪԼҲû뵽оȻѾôҪˡ
Ϊ˾Ȼðű¶Σգ߲ݱһҹ
´ͻȻֺڲȴ޿κεĸо
׻ˣ
뵽´̲ס˫ۡ
Ȼ˵ҪҪǱߵĲ£ҵˣĳҲ㱨ģϾ
˵ղɶ˶٣ڻټ˵С˼ζ˵ϾҵǹɱݵǹˣҲˣ
´ǣ
´ࡣ
˵ӣ컯֮¾ֻ绰Ҳ˵ó
Ҳ룬ΪʲôյĻ
ֱӾˡ
ⲻҪǣҪǳ´һϲǱһͱԼС˴ǣŷգǿ򶨵ûǹĶ֪ǹж࡭󡣡
˵̲סƫͷҲż
룬ǻͷ
룬ѾݽȥˣǾͷһֺη
׼򣬴Ϊϣܲܰһ˰ɣ
һ㶣ЦȻֱӸ˳´ǶĲһֻ˳´ǵ֮Ҫúÿźá

´̲ס§ס˷յıȻץ·

ڷյ£´ǲ˷յػǹˣΪ˷ֹݳֲ˺üΡ
ֻ˵ıʿġ

ȵձ˻صӪصʱѾǰʱˡ
´һҹ·ֱշ˺üأ۵Ĳˣһմͷͳ˯˹ȥ
Կŷսǽˮɾ·ģòײ侲ˣ
ò¶֪˸ղʲô
̲סְ˰̫Ѩ
һʱ֮䣬֪ǸȾΪʲôպ֪һУǰˣȴʲôûиǣľսһ·ǸȲķյ¡
ЩҪģҪǰ͸ˡ
Ҳ֪˵ûǲãֻ˻Ϊǰ棬һǹ˸첲֮󣬾ֱˤȻͱʿʬûˣҲΪЩʬƣܻɨսʱ
ɣ
Ҳǿճ֡
ܿ죬ʤ㽫͸´
ͷɢڿյ˵ʱеĳ޼Ϊʵʡ
ɣͥˣ
ɺ죬Ǭˣʲôˣʲô˾ӣȻɵֶǣŹġ
ֻ˵͸²Ĵ󽫾˵ͦ˳
ֻΪһɱ˲֪޹ˣȻ˵ʲô˾ӣǻ֮
ҡ
ñɵֶǣ
Цˡ
ѵɱ𣿡
͸±ŭѵǷųϢ˵֪ǹ췽ǧټ˰ǵĻ͵𣿡
ǡ
ֲôԼա
ֻ˵һ룬εɫͱˡ
Ϊ鶼ˣ͸ȻҲѾûƭǵıҪˡ
ȻˣǲգǾ;ıǡ
ȻҲȻҲ뵽һ㣬ɫҲűˡ
ξͻȻһЩ顣
˵ôͻȻ
ʮ߾Ȼס
ݸΪʲôַ֯Ϊʲô嶼򵽼ϸˣǲϱΪʲôֻж˾

Ǹոյ֪ʱ⡣
ʱûи𰸣Լ֪ˡ
Ϊǰ߾ݸкǧټƵץһ
ϵʧˡ
׼ĸŮĸߺ꣺
СĸŮ
ҪҲҲͲõ֮󣬶ӻˡ
ֻϧǣǸŮӣҪȻ˵ҪһȺ֮ˡ
Ȼһ룬˵Ƕĵؽ磬˭ܹĵؽϣٿЩ߾Աأ
˵ţսΪֱˣ˭
ҲǣҪˣǲܹĳݲܿսӹٽ𡣡
һֱ̣һƬš
Ϊ檣
Ϊ³
ΪӴݵĸϣ

Ҫأ
ɻǵãӣκŮ
ϵţ漴Ҳ
㱵Σգûиˡ
Ҳûɷˡ


122 
ĸŮŲ֪˶á
ֱᶼ޸, ˲ڻ
ϲ˲۽ǣĿҲԽԽᶨ
ֱתͷ˵, ڸô죿
ֻǸɵ, ٳµʱ򣬵һ뷨Ǵĸ׺͵ܵԾ, Ϊľƻвļƻ, ҪɱģƫƫһҪȫס
ǿЦ
ʲ
ڴ֮ǰжٵĽ, ھжٵĺޡ
պȲĶһ٣Ƕ缸ɡ
˵Ͼͦ۵ġ
⻰, ǰһ
ˣݷѾĻ, Ҫ˵ֻΪ˽ҵ, ǲŵġ
ȻˣȰ´ʱȸں󡭡
ϾػǹͻͲ, ʰݣ
һ뵽ݷԼΪ˻λѾĻϧǣȴˮһʱӣֻ, Ҳһļ
һҪ顪
ͻȻ˵ǵʱôǲֵ˳, Ƕɱ˵£
ȷջشԹԵ˵ˣڻĽҰֻҪؿƿ, ȻҲͲ֪ôɱġ
, ﻹûأ
˵, ͵תͷƷڵصİ͸¡
ע⵽εߣ͸µʱͽסˡ
ûҲ⡣
ûٳЩΪ̰Ա֮ͺԥͶǵĺˡ
ֽٵͷϵʱҲˣǲɱңԸͶǣǵӦҿĴ󽫾壬ֻҪԸ⣬ҿ԰ǰѲԭ
˲䷴Ӧ˵ڷŹ㣬㵱ŹݸգǵʱҲġ
ԸѽЩŵһ𣬶ι
ǲ
⻰͸¾״Ȼѻ˵꣬ѹһֱס죬ȥ
ܺã֪ľֻЩԼˡ
ε¼˵ղŵĶôҲȷһûЩ춯
Ȼˣǲ콵ʯЩȫˣ˳һѡ
϶ҲǷԭ뷨ҪȻպαؽЩɽҰ
뵽βתͷգ˷ܡ
ЦЦĬˡ
Ĭӣߺһʱ֮Ҳ֪ǸͬݣǸĽһ˫ĶŮ
ô˵ˡ
ɫҲˣҲѾһ죬ˡ
ԴЩ֮󣬷վϢȥˣԼֱȥ˳´ڵ
´˯
ڲԶһ˵ʱǿ˰֣Ȼֱӷ˷յĻ˳Ѱƣͷ˯
ռ״̲סĶͷ
Ͼûбȿͷĵˡ
뵽ر۾
ڶϣʱ򣬻˾Ͳˡ
̧ͷһ´ǿɲǰ顣
һ峿͸ķ϶ϣ˵İ񣬾˫
̲ס´һѽ˱סˣȻֱӴյߣЦ˵Σ֮ҵǹɻ⣡
´ǣ
˴ǣ΢Ȼǿ򶨣ء
ⲻ֪ԽվԽ̲סҪŪأ֮˵ڵоǳˣ죬֮оҵǹ֮ûгҳţ
´ǣ
´˲ƹҲֱӵϡ
һߵģһġ
ͲôӦ˵ӡ
ռĶѪˣȵذ᳡˻
˵˺ˣϷŪˡ
ɫ˵飬㿼ǵôˡ
˵ó´ǴǶ뿪ıʿ顣
뵽ˡ
ıʿɣû¸ıʿԸջҪˡ
´һɡѾǹˣм޶֪ˣڶѾȤˡ˵һͻؾǡ
գ
Ӧ´Ǿվʰϵ飺Ͼûңܳͷ
ݣʵˡ
Żǹ
ǱˣݺﵱʱֻҪ££·ֻݵĻǹûõսϣȱеļλʵۺķˣʱֻôĶ֪
Ҿӹһ٣Ҳ̺űҪץסѾһȺûܹϸũʼѡһĴ򷨣ֱӻѾȵѾӦƱǹӪӵлǹҲӮˡ
Ҫǣ¼ڶ᲻öԷ֣ƾʲôң
㷽ںúõģûбǺ
뵽´ȥе𺡣
Զڷյļƻͬġ
ңҪݵֳǬЩͻء
Ͼ㷽մӦҲ᲻÷ձһк岮
´һΣݣΣãޣ๣飩ӣҲֻһʧðɡ
ڶ죬ΧϳǣӺͿΪӼϳʮգϸͼϰеİʿм£ȻȻһҳǣɽʱұ׷ϣΣʱ̣ҵòӣ콵ʯϤɱϢ˿
ʲô콵ʯ
֪۹أѾõŮ۵ʥּűǰɽҲһ˲
ҲţʲôЦ
ϾǴִᴩģԸڡ
´׵ϣҡġ
˵ȥֳˣ󽫾͸ڣȫʯͷˣĴҲ֤ʵȷһ಻ͻ⣬Ǻͼϳھȫء
ԵȻЩҡսˡ
ʲôȫ磿
һۣǿ徫սƥҪ䵽ϣ㲻ȥ齨תȥҲ׬ӡ
ݲЩüͷ콵ʯˡ
⻰Ǳ˸ģ϶ţΪǳ´Ǹģ벻Ŷѡ
Ͼ֪Ҫг´ǸıߣҲô̵ʱڵĸ߶ȡ
Զڳ´ǣǾεġ
ҳ콵ʯ˵֮⣬Ҳɵɡ
ĸӺһҲŻǹھѾȷһ
Ҳ֪ǿɲܡ
ϾȺûпô
ֻЩġ
ϾԭŽֳĸţĸӵȻôãȻպʯȺײӹһ١
ǲµһ´˵Դ˵δһ¡
ʲô
ݵתͷ´ǡ
´̩ɽһǳĿѾﵽˡ
ûսȻԴսǱʤ
Σͷвʯ˵ʲô
Ļ˵꣬ݵ۾ˡ
´ѹеĳ˵ү찡
֮Ϊ޶յʱ򣬲Ż콵ʯա
ԵѵŮۣǸŮ˸ʺϵʵ
뵽Ц˵úúá
һ̳Ů۵Ļλ͸ӵ˳
ҲЦˣ˰ȥ
ȻһʱҲٶĸӶˡ
ϾĸҪؿϳ£ǲԼԼ
ǵڶ죬Ϣ콵ʯϢ˿
߾
ϱ߾Ͳʮ߾ºʾͦԭ´ΪʦС
£ǬӺɨԭ˴䣬ˣ屻ӭ
£ǬӺսڶ˹
սǬӼߵа򣬷׻屻Ͻ飬Ǭʮ
Ϣؾǣٹ𾪡
Ů۴ϲɽȫ͸أΪϮ档


123 
˷͵ĵһ, ǻɽ
ҪΪ˽Щأ˳ҫһԼݵλ
Ҫҫɲĸӡ
Ͼܹ˱һŮͷϵӣڶѾܾˡ
ЩСȫ˻
Ȼλһ, ˮغһ, ˵ʳԶʣΪЩŮӶǾĴԹ͸ҵģҲѰ, 㿴
ͲѡʱͬˣǴǬֿȵӵʮ, ҼǰҲùһȰ㻹ʶһȽϺ, ͱҲ֮顯仰дˡ
ʲôС˵־, ˡ
Цˣ㣬ôôɣ
ΪͿ޸ˡ
ǶϵķӦȻô⡣
˵ȻˣҾսˡ
ȻתͷȺС檣ǻŸʲô, 裡
ǡ
ЩС檵˸߲ҵ˵
Ȳ裡
͵ǰĲˮ, ϵˡ
ȻͲʲôϣˣٿĳʱ򣬵Ǳĵˡ
ȥ, ûЩػǹͻͲ̣ĳ棬Ը, ŻᱻֱѪɣ
סˣ뿴踺صԸֺη
ɣȥʱҲͲˡ
ҷڵϵֲ
ҧӹЩС檵ݹĲյ
һĻһ̹
һԵҲЦˡ
ϲһ򶼺ܸ߰Լţ͸ɷͷҫ
ڣǵʵʵذСӭţ
Ҳˡ
񵱳μǰεֺһڲνĸ߹ͷ­ǰμҰ˳ɵĹɷݻμС㣬֪ѾȢμСΪˡ
ʱμҵǲǸļˣҲǸԶ֮ͽˡ
ϺμȺƶǽͷʲô
뵽ƷѹͷϼʮĴɽֻڿϵġԡٿϵʱͻȻ;ãڵݣٺϼƽЩ£𽵹
ȻζˣôŰɡ
ˣҶ˵ˣΧǵʱ򣬳ЩԱǳͶҲΪǰյ룬ɽҪһ㣬ͲҪǼƽˡ
ϾЩԱǰѴļҲ׸ˡ
ΪҲ֮󣬻ǡ
ڣڵĸӵȻȲϰҪ
οЩԱ𱳺۸ӣҪΪլ֮´ǣֻ½λ֮
ԲʩЩԱԼǱļ壬ȡǵĸмһ˫
˵꣬Ĵˡ
ϲûѸҹ³
ˣ֪ʵĿȻ⸱ԣ͸ֱӷˡ
뵽ڸʵأ
һԵĹܼҹүһͳȥˣ˵ǽӦҲˡ
Ҳˣ
ͷһ벻붼ѡ
Ȼ˲ͱø
ɲڳ´ǵס
ȵ´һţʹź˳˱סˡ
´һʶҪƿգҴٻʹӣһ룬߾ʹһϤЦ
´ǵĶ˲ͽסˡ
Ȼ˵֮õʲôѬ㣬㰡
´ǣ
ûðһ仰
͵ζˡ
߶Ҫƿգѹ˵ʲôѵˣҲˣҪǷҡ
ֻǲ˵ֱ꣬ӵͷס졣
´һǷ˵ӵĶ֣󲻽ûܰƿ§øˡ
ȫȻˣǰôһǰͷϷͷĿԴġ
ģץŷ·ɿˡ
Ȼֱ˷ջ
ȵҪʱ򣬷ղŷſػشİɣǷǽģԸû˻ᷢ֡
´ǣ
Уǽˡ
Ȼ˵ˣ벻ң
´ǶʱͲ˵ˡ
Ϊǲܵġ
ϾǶֿüˡ
̲ס˷յؿϡ
¹⣬ǽӵˡ
ټϴʢһ촵硭ĳ棬´ǵҲƽ
̲ס룬ҪʱԶͣһ̶á
һͲٹ˼ɷյݣҲȥΪ˸˱ȥһЩΥµ顭
뵽´ر˫ۡ
һ룬˵㲻شҾ͵Ĭˡ
˵ֱ꣬ӱ´Ǿʹڵλȥ
´ۣ
Ҳ֪ʲô
Ծڴ֮ǰĵױٶ飬˿Ҳɢˡ
ٿ⣬ʲô¹⣬ǷƵ¹Ŷԡ
׷ʲô
´ǵôĬˣ
ֱ׳벻ң㲻ش𣬲Ĭ𣡡
һ壬ҵǹҵһ֣Ȼˣ룬Ҳҵǹ𡣡
˵ֱ꣬Ӱѳ´һš
´ǣ
һ˲䣬նðһ֣99%
Ȼͱҧˡ
ҪţǾ仰˭ֻǸ Ƿ˵ӵĶ֡
Ҫǣʱ̫ãҲǲյǹľˣҪ²顭
ЩûҪ߷ˡ
ȻǼһ϶޳ܵشϹ
ֻϧǣⳡʵոսеһ룬ͱ´ǵĹܼҴˡ
Ϊ˹˵´ǹȥ¡
գ
´ǣ
ֻܼӿٶȣʵߺʵ̫⡣
ԷҲˣ֪н죬͸ֱӷˡ
뵽Ժ˵βִ̫٣ݲһ׼ȷ´һΣֺ˲١
Ҳ̫ˣΪʱ´ǲڸϵ
ֻΪ´ѹͣʶİѳĻֱ˻ȥ
´ֻ˵֪ү¹Ϊ£
ѾȲˣ֮ѾƽҲˣڴǬνͷҸոյϢ˵ŮƺǻˣҲӦøһˡ
ʱ϶Ӧ
ǵãһλһıķΪʵΪۺԼĸŮǱݵĺԺ˻ǹĴŵ켼
֪֮ЩΪǾλ֮һ
ǻǰˣΪи©ľʦ´ǡ
ֻȻӮˣʧͬǲؾˡ
ڿߵˣȻԸ⿴ʧأЩʼЩ
Ҫǣɲյһʱ䡣
֮ʲô⣿
´ǾϲɱϷ롣
ĵѹһɨ⡣
ϾЩҲʲôöˣҲǳ¼ΪΪ˶ٺͣƽĪе¼ŵʱЩ˶
ΪصԱٶǳԳ¼һǳ¼ҵʾɣҪǳ£ЩȻ˳µؽԼ˰嵽Щλϡ
ֻ˵ЩЩеȨƣѹգѹǮƣֱ伫
ǣ´һ㶼顣
򵥡
˵
⻰Ҳֱ塣
´ǣֻҪүŮ飬ҹ黹أϮΪϮ
ʲô
һ
ȴǰһ
ΪڵǬЩ
Ǭ̫ǻ֮󣬽ԼĶӷַ⵽ľλȫϮ棬ڴǬ¹аʮλÿǹЩҪĹɵ˰
ҪǣЩӵбȨָʲôʱͷˡ
´һУֱӱЩȥʲô
Ͼһҹ֮䣬ûˣλҲҪûˣЩŹ֡
ֻѡҪôͬҪôֱ췴
ѡǰߣû˷أԺ췴Ҳ첻ˡ
ѡߣǾ͸ˣֱӳǾˡ
ȴЩʹΪԭķأΪŮ۸ոʹ͸ЩأЩûء
ܿͷӦ˹
Щ𣬵˻ʵۣȫ¶ģõЩأ
͵һƣá
´Цˡ
ǰº󣬻صǵսƵ𣬰ȴڳԺ֣˼ȡ۹ΪǬĴƣΪ²ΪɣŮ
ŮȻ׼࣬漴ּٸطˡ
ӵʥּĸطȻˡ
ȻǴΪΪãҲ룬ûƺ⣬Ƥһ顣
ѹֹ˻˵˾׻֮ףڴȻͷˡ
ڸô죿
ô죬ˡ
ǱˣŻǹɱأ
ôѵĸı
û佫⣬ƴһѡ
һºʮԡ޵࡯壬ʮַ


124 
ʮʱ, պϵѾǰǵ·ˡ
ϾѾѷؽȥˣסڼϣЩԲ˳ˡ
ֻôҲû뵽, ûǵִﾩ, ʮͰˡ
ϣ
Щνƴһѣ
ε˵ĸףʮ֮Իʧܣ治ΪǴ
ʵϣ۱, ʮӵʮ, ı֮ģ±̶Զʤ͢ӵлǹҲĳɵʤġ
ʮҲ֪ǹȻװ̶̵ȱҲ, Ϊԭ, еĻǹӪʿʼûгǧ֮һʼЩƶ˽Ϊ·𲽲ʳܱݸ, ݵԿļƻ¡
ֻϧǶϵƫƫǳ´ǡ
´ҲͲµǵĲԣǷֱ֮ͨŲ, ʮ͸˼ڲΪƲŲòȱ, Ƚٵݵҩ·ͨϸ͸¶·Ѿʵеȵ
Ϊջݵҩôǰϵ⣬׸
ҪǣҪܳûһЩǹҩ, γѹϻλ
̲סĶˣ֪пǸ塣
ںϴɱ򣬷
´壬ֱŸ·Ѿʵֻ˵Ϊյݵҩķ񱨸ֻҪԸǰԸ⽫ɻĻǹҩǣʱǾͲٵϻʵ֮󣬾ͺǷˡ
ȻҲϵˡ
Ȱټ
֮ǧﱼϮ·Ѿ֮ʵΪǿӵʮΧݣԾԵƱһٽ
֪·ѾȺܵϢƹһ·ѾͶ
ˣʮ֮ңϷûֱ꣬Ļ
֮Ի֪ЩȫΪյǰľ߳͢·ۡʱ򣬶ת͸һݡ
֮⣬ģջרŸ˼̫̫죬Щ̫̫֪ʶԨǰսƺܸȤھۡʱǻ᲻䷳ظһ˫սսʤܵԼսӰ졣
ˣԳ´ǵĸйҲˡ
ĵĿɲǡ
Ҳ˵ϾͻŮλˡ
׼ȷ˵ϣѾʼˡ
Ϊǵִﾩǵĵڶ죬죬ӦΪ۵ԾھǴˡ
ҵڶ죬³
ϺεʱͺˣǵȻ
ǾĹܼȴֱӰ˽
Ϻεʱ͸ˡ
³״Цˣһ񣺡ĸˣ
ϵ˭ĸѵˣѾˡ
θ˵ѵ㻹ٳ˫ȵζ
⻰³ЦĸˣϲڵĻҳֱһĸ˻֪ɣֽˣѾҼҽˡ
ԭܼ򵥣ΪŮλֲ뱻ʷ鹤ʴҳӵıǩײ֧֡
ΪʷǱдġ
Щȴˡ
ԭҲܼ򵥣ΪǿȻҡݡŮݷ˴治˸׳Ů۲һ֮ѡ
Դˣ뵽İ취ǰ¼޸³Ҷƣ֮¶κն࣬һУҪֹʱΪʱڽ³ǰԵٸƵĴ治£μҴã
ֻΪæ絳𣬹˲ĸӣԾ³ǡ
ҲΪˣ³ڲŸ̬ȶԴĸӡ
ϾΪ֮УԿжӶĸˡ
⻰׼̲סһϣôôʳأȻȲϡ
³˵⻰Ҽˣʱһԭԭתүġ
ŷӦ㡪
ȱ
³ĻϾǹĸӵЦģɲǹġ
Це˵ϾĻںͷء
˵ţĿλĺ̺ϡ
һȫްΪӵ׸еĴȰһЦ֮ǰһֱүү˵ˣԺͽˣˣ
ǲһȵǣ˵УǼסͼٳͷҰ³
˵꣬Ϻûֱӣˡ
У
̺Ҫȡ˸ĴҪ˳һӣôˣôˣ
Ҫǰ
Ķ³뿪ķֽϵ֣ĸףŮԺһǧٱıȥģʱǧš
ⲻ֪ϵ۾䣺ģĸԺҲŹǵġ
һߣЩЩ̬Ҳ֮ı䡣
ν֪ܸģĪɣүܴףպȻ²֮
ȻˣҵȵҲΪ
Ů۱ϾȵµĻʵۡ
Σȵ֮ԻŮۣΪϥӣһŮ˱ˡ
Ҫ˵ȵҲǻͷΥ׳ڼҷһŮʵֱۣǶҴǬ棬֮˻֪γҵȣһŮ˸׳Ƴ
ϳ¼ңμҡĴΪΪ˸³
Ů۵ǻ֮ʲôͼϵƷ쿪ҪŮѧⲻ֪Ů˴޶۲ǽѧѧ֮أѹֹʥͻ˵˾񡣡
ϣɽ֮ʱΪʲô޼ɵĲֹԱļլ˽£ʮа˾žܵŮ۵Ĺƻ󣬳񲻴ң
ûΪŮЩ㣷֮٣Żŭ죬³ͷʹɺ䡣
ԭˣ
ߣŮ۾ȵΣˣ죬֮ӣǳƽǸҲοµûʵۡ
ûŮ۵²λʵüռȵ
ҵŮλү

ǰСɽһۣ̫ܹȻͷռȵ˭𣚣˭ȵ²ǹͳһԶ֧ϵȻͼڣ治ֱǴ治
нϳ¼ң¼ҸձʱǶװƣ鶼Ѿȥôˣǵ¼ҡμˡ
£Υ˽̾Ǯŵղż䣬Ǿߵϣ
ˣ˵ˡ
Ů۷еۣһƣ
γûʵۣɾΪǸŮˣȵ󣬲ǻ׻ЩԱ϶࣬ȴΥ
ΪǶˣԿһŮͷָ㽭ɽ
Ů˵𺦵ǵ档
ֻϵƷ˵ħЩνʷͷ׷
ǻ꣬ɴ粽С
ȵ۴

ǶˣʹСԵĵӡ
ԭϣֽܰ֡
ǧ֧ǹԱ֮֮Ȼּ׼ݱǹ켼
Ϊ֪ǹҪ˱УǺЩʲô
һʼǹ롣
ôҲû뵽ݸոƽѾͿ۹ˡ
һսƽ壬˵ȿ֮ͷ֮ʢֱѹʵۣټϵʱյıѾ˶ʮЩסˡ
Ϊһͷ˶
ʱȻӦˡ֪ʲô⡣
ΪԴǬֻ洦ûкΪҲЩܾ˵⡣
ݣҲмĵġ
ϾֺʱɱЩ۸ڶҪ˳ʵˣȻʵ뷨ܺЩһģһ
ԭţôĺ͵ķϣȵɽȹ̣ҲԸݳɻ飬ͷϵġ
û뵽ʮ󵨸ҷľȻֻʮ
ʮӵʮȴ֮󲻵£ͱˣһһͿء
̫ˣ
쵽ûзӦͿʼֱƹˡ
ʲôһ
ʲôŪˡ
ʲôΪ
ˣ
Ů۲Цѡ
һУƫƫҲΪжܸɣиĹžʦ
ġ
̫ܹôʱĬãȴֻ˵Ըȥʦس֮գҪٹٳǰӭ
£
̫ܹһš
ΪŮ˵ǳǰӭǽճԱѾ˵Ů۾׼λˡ
²ɰ
Ůֱӱۣ̱ϣΪ޾ٲģҲѾѡˡ
Ұģиʮ
Ŀ򣬲˵ʤֻвɣҲڲˡ
ѾŪȵĽɽٻˡ
̫ܹܵ˵˰
Ů˵β֪
ԼĶӣҲϣģҶˣҪλԣҶĺΪ̫
һȵҵȺϳڣʮȻλˣһҵĺӣһ죬һٰҵĺϻλ
ǲġ
Ϊĺӱ͸һλʵۡ
ΪԼǻ֮һֱҵҵаиǾΪǸŮˣٹٲҪ췴Ҫ䵽ɫ³
ѵŮ˵
뵽һŮ۵۽ǻ䡣
˵ЩѾûˡ
ΪҪҲֻܹԼ¹ǽ
ֻ˵ˣȥּɣһ˾һ
̫ܹ棺ǡ
ϢһҰĪǵ졣
úúá
ԶںϵЦļϲ£죬죬ӿоٶȡ
ΪѾȲˡ
УԭڷЩ״ϢҲ̲סЦˡ
Ȳdie


125 
³, ʦسŮٹٳǰӭ
ûȥ֣Ϊ´ͻȻˡ
Ƿǽġ
üͷһ
ɼǵһȥҳ´ǵʱ, ´ǻĿ⳰ûҹУǽֹɵóš
ע⵽յĿ⣬´Ƕһ, ڵü
ŷӦ
ǾЩʱ
ǰ, ס˳´ǣôˣ
´ҲӦ˹
Ǻʱ
Ķʱ, ȴԣˡ
ĵһů
ϾС磬⻹ǳ´ǵһôرϲ
̲סࣺ, Ҳˡ
Ȼ´ǣ
㻹ǵԼ˵ĹԹ
Ǿǹ
˵ʾĲԡ
´ĬĬ
һһ䣬ĲҲź˵ˡ
գ
գţ
Ҫǻû, Ͳˡ
´ǲͷˡ
ֱ, ĿƵؿų´ǡ
´ǲڵƫͷƹˤҪǡҾȻȥˡ
δ, վͰ˱
´һ, ʶ§ס˷յĲӣȻͱնݺݵ϶һڡ
գ롣
ϾߵⶼߣĲˡ
ȻֱӰѳ´Ƿ, Ҷһͭ
´ǣ
򡢼ֱ˹ġ
ǳ´ȴûоܾ, §ҵˡ
һ, һذɡ
롣
Ͼǳ¼, ôܺͳһء
Ѿ, Ȼٴȥкȥ¼ҵڡ
ο, Ϲ󣬷վǻʵˡ
ô÷ձһҶųꡣ
Ҫǣ˭ܱ֤յϻʵ֮󻹻һأٷսȻҪȢӵģò״ĽɽҪôȥ
뵽´۽ǲһˮ
գ
ˣԲĻڡ
ô졣
ֻܸʵ顣
ϾŶôѹˣȻӦ˲Ŷ԰
ֱƻʱ֣´ǲŴӾ
һֱʹӼ״ӭɳˣһֱ㡣
֪ˡ
´ǻͷһ۷ڵλã˵߰ɣ
´ǹ̲סԹȥĶˣҵһֱûҵ㡣
´Ƿܵһ񣺡ɰܾڽˣΪԷһȥؿ鿴һ
úúá
´ôһ˵Ļù´ǡ
һϹǻʵˣ̲סս˫ȭ
ʲôĳ´ǵļ־֮н죬ȫģպ󲻻ġ
´ǵѹǵĳ˵һṼ˵Ķ¡
ϣŮڱ͵칦Լйʿ
ΪļҾ죬һȻҲ֮С
ųǽһˣ岽һڵĴǹԼҵ޲԰ףһ̲࣬סսŮ֣ǵﺦ㡣
Ϊ֪һҾҲѲˡ
뵽еĹȺݺݵڵ£ӣӣɺޡ
һֻúùԼӣҲͼʲôٻ
Ǹʸ֦ȥʾˣȴôҲϺŮ룬Ϊ̰ͼŮòΪŮŮˣҪټ޸˾Ǹñ԰Ůǿߣ룬Ӿ
̼СҲ̲ס˵ˡ
ֻڲ̼ߵ꣬һԵϺεȫ෴
ЩڿмƲסļ˷ܵʱ򣬶סˡ
ƾʲôôˣ
Ͼ˭֪ĸӣΪλ֮󣬻ѭƷʺ
˶֪λ֮󣬿϶ǻΪ̫ӡ
˵ݵĸǱȺġ
֪պһŹĸӡ
Ϊʲôôˣ
ϸòǷ˰ɣ
뵽˿һҵĿֻʣ
ĩˣǻλԱŲŲΨһᱩˡ
ϵĴɩ
ΪƽͲ̫ԸΪҲֲźãȻҵֵܽû˵ʲôȴϡ
͵ǻʳһƣʵ۴ʱʵ۵̫͵ǰ£λƽ̨ϣǹĹ㳡Ҹа˸ĻߵĻ°ڷŵԱұ߳е1
Ҳ˵ԱһģϷ飬Ƕܿ
ܿ죬Ů۾͵ˡ
չأ»Ҫȴٹʵ۾־ơ
ʱ˭Ʒء
Ϊ̣ƺǻʵѵ
˶֪ⳡͷϷˡ
Ƕɵֱ壬̧ͷϵŮۡ
Ů۲ЦһеľƱ˵λƣҲλƺˡ
һƣ޾λʿûǵķƴɱҲûҴǬյİ
˵꣬ͷһ
ȻˣڻУȵʵǲ衣
Ǹû˹Щˡ
ڶƣ޾ĸλүлλү£һ²ŵ˳УڶԸλүİ⣬ٹҲѾ˾̣ѾλүͶھǣȻگóǻÿ귢ٺ»һ»һٺ»ǧ»ǧ
ڵۣһ»Լһӡ
ٺ»ˣϾͷһһƷԱٺ»һǧ»һǧ
֮ԸŴΪЩˣϾָЩ֧ĺء
Щʱһϲ˵лº͡
˵Ů۳Ĭ˺һ
ٹȲĿתͷƣҪ
˵λأڼ¶ŵҴ桭޾˳Ӧ˳Ӧģλ
˵̲ס˫ۡ
²ɡ
˵ȴ
ֻæڵأŵǳªԽ֮ġ
ЩԱҲ׷׳ɽջس
⵱ȻΪ뵱ʵۡ
ΪŴĴȨΪԼĴλΪԵù󣬶ڻʵλʱƴΣװԼʵܻλǱΣֻܹ
˵⡣
͸˵ˣΪô˵ʵѾȫˡ
ıӣҪϻʵˡ
ܲ
̲סȥ룬ȵǻ֮ҪѡţҪôݺµЩԱȺС檣ָ÷ʲôλݡ
ˣӦȢһòĻʺ˵ҼСŮ˾ɫҪʮꡭ
뵽ˣ
һĻŮ۲ܽҴҪѹĵ׵ĿɬͶȥǫˡ
֪ʱһͻȻȻԸλǱ²λҰɣ
˻һ˶סˡ
ʶؿԴÿݴӵվ
ݣ
ĵͻȻӿһɲΪԼˣݣ˵ʲô
һյĹһɨһۣ˵Ȼ㲻뵱ʵۣôˡ
ʶ鲻Ծˣݣʲô
ʶغңˣˣ
ΧĳǹʱͶˣǾеĻǹ׼ķȴٹ١
ŮۣһٹҲˡ
ôҲû뵽ķչͻȻôһ䡣
ǲһǰǻ׷׸дͶţ˵ԸΪЧ
һĻֱЦˡ
ڲǼƽЩ飬Ϊ鶼ˣҪǻ֪ݵĿģͰ׻ôˡ
ܻݣ𣿡
ݹЦҷûҲ֪֪һˣεͦ
һתЦ˵䡢Զ塢ʮ֮ңĸƽģƾʲôҵĹ͵ϻλ
˵ѵ㲻һҪҳӣ޹ΪôͰѻǹзҪҰӻڻֻһ׸
ֻ˵Щ顣
ϾԭݽӻҲעҪϸλ
ȻԼڵĴ
ҵĶӣλҲҪġ
ǡ
ݣʵۣǧţΪʲôҪϲµûʵۣ
ĻһתĶ𣿡
ʲô
һ㶡
һߣҵǽԼҵ⣬㣬⣬֪ﻹһżֵǵӺͷӣΪУ֪ԸңӲ˽ӣĸ׾ȨƣҷҲҽңй¶󾹻ǲ̵ɱ
û
ҲʱһȺ˴Ⱥм˳ǿɲǵǰɽݵĸϴؽϵԼҵˡ
ߣģǿųģôͱĶˡ
ϣǰȥ·ϻúõģ쵽ҵʱ˾ͻȻˡ
˲ɱģ˭ɱġ

˶ıʾסˡ
̫͵ǰ˲һƬš
ֱ׵̲סһ˵ǣһϰǣһСǣҲ˼˵ǲǸӣ
ʶػһݵΪҲ̲סЦ
ǲŷӦɫҲŰ˼֡
Ϊ˵ʱ
ڲԶɩֻ޲÷˹ȥסϵ죬ҡ
һڷŷӦ
㡢Ʋϵ
ΪʲôҪǬĻƲϵ
ȻΪıƹӵ˳ϾĶӣڵоǴ治ǷңϻʵۣҲֻųꡣ
ĶӣΪֻΪĸǧŵĴТ֮
ҪǣһÿҪӵٺ»ʮǵӣһǾҪӣûǸйȥôһѷ
ֻкǬĻƲϵ˳ذЩ׸
ЩȻҲ뵽һ㣬Ƿ׷վҪݵЫĳ
ֻһ룬һֵ˻ȥ͵³һѪ
ŷӦ絶Ķӣɺ㡢㾹ȻھƲ¶
ٿǴӣҲŶӵ˵ϣѡ
䣡
ЩԱ״Ҳһֵؿ׵ݡ
Ҳһ㶡
ԭûڹϾʹЩ
Ӧǳ´ǵֱʡ
ҲãɱӺĿĴﵽˡ
ȻˣŲԣԡݣף룬ҪףΪ˰£μңμ޸³ǸΪ˸սĸӵȥնջ𣿡
⻰ĵĪһ˵۹زżȻơ
Ϊ˰һȻϧ޶ĵ׷
ٿĸŮʱеˡ
ƺҲԤϵô˵Ц˵Ϊó˻ǹΪ£ңĸϷҿģҲµȵĵϻλһҪľͻҡ
ۣ
Цˣ˵ĺԺһС檻ǶĺӶǼٵһ
ݵʱˡ
ֻԴһʼƺˡ
ݵΪˣҪˣ˵Щ³³
뵽ֹݣҾŹġ
֪ǸʲôˣȻѡ
ⲻ뻢ıƤʲô
֪н죬ʱ͸ֱ˳ݣ
ٺҲûˡ
ȴȻôˡ
ֱתͷŮۣ£ΪΣ
ŮȻһҰס
ôҲû뵽鵽Ȼӡ
֮ԸλΪô˵Ҳףһд
ȴƲĹϵҪλݣҪ³ǴǬˣͳ֮
Ҫ֪ΪȨƺ͵λԼĸԷ֪֮ôԸ
ƫƫΪ˱ʾ⣬Ѿѻʹķȫôлѻʹȫ֪ػˡ
Ƹ۵ʸûˡ
ˡ
һͿأ
ΨһģȻЩͬһƹȡ
ϾǿɶǴǬĹԱõԼһʵ۵ٺ»
һ룬ͿЩ˺ԥسݹȥȲμ»ʣꡣ
ϾЩʬɶǶء
һĻŮҡ
ǴЦѡ
úúã
ڵȵһˣ
뵽̲סſ˫֣˵緢
̫͵ϿնֻʣĴЦڻص
ֻЦЦţͻȻ׾ȻлһȺվš
һŷȺĸ֮⣬ȫԸߺΪ׵ĸң´ǡ
´ǣ
ô£
ûģĵͻȻһš
ܿͷӦ˹´ǵȻʲô⣬Ͼôġ
ݵջ֣ѵ֮ûˡ
Ϊ´̫ˣڶûع
û˵꣬´Ц˵һҧĺϷ
ⷢչ
ЩڵϵԱ̲ס졣

ϵ˲ͽסˣ֮ʲô˼
ʲô˼
´ĵ䡢Զ塢ʮ֮ңĸƽģƾʲôҵĹ͵ϻλ
ʲô
һ㶣ŷӦ
⻰ɲǸղԭ
ʱ˳´ǵͼķӦһģһˣҳӡ
ȻЩһʶҪվȴԥһֹ֮˻ȥ
Ͼͬ´˵´ǵĹ뵽ݵƷǵȻԸЧڳ´ǡ
һվͱЩкڶǹڱ˻ȥ
һĻˡ
ȻŸʹĻᣬ֣´Ҳᣬȫġ
֮´ǡû뵽Ҳд۵һ졣
˵ڴ֮ǰж⣬ھжǱͻ̿֡
´ǣ⣬ˣܻЩΣˣɻʮأܲȫ˰ɣ˻λҲӡ
ֻ˵⻰ʱȴһûС
Ϊ֪Գ´ǵԸҪûȫ׼ôóȻ췴
Ȼһ̣´˵ҵȻ֪Щר˰Щţʱ䣬ӦѾˡ
δ䣬ͻȻһɱ
ݷˣ´ǣ㵽ʲô
´û˵ֻתͷ˷ա
˵˳Ŀ⿴ȥ
ЦЦ֪Ӧϳˡ
ֻվһߵǰ
ӣ
Īһ
ʲôϵ
ֻ˵ڣ
һ룬ǧʿԴĩڡ
תͷЩѾţ̫ųĴֻ˵ӭС

ǧʿ쳹̫͵Ͽա
ݿЩŵػǹͻͲ˶Ѿˡ
ЩЩôڹŴ
ٵģһǼٵģ
Ǻܿͷ֣ǰһĻȷˡ
Ϊڶ̫ų¥ܺǹڵʱЩʿҲѾ嵽̫ˡ
һ룬ǹںضɽҡ಻ĲҽƳա
ӺǹȻֹ
ȺֽԱҲȫϵ̫⡣
ټĹ㳡ϣʬѵɽѪɺӡ
һЩСŮ쿴һĻֱ˹ȥ
´˵ǿ֪ЩӺζ
ǵڼϳ⣬Щʯ֮пģĴʲôҼա
⻰ߺ˵վڵأȲμʣꡣ
ЩԱ״Ҳ׷׷Ӧӵһʵ𣬷ԭĿҲֻǰŮͻһݴ֮ѡ
ڵĿѾһ
˵Ʊǿˡ
ǺԥظŹȥȲμʣꡣ
һĻϺμս˫ȭ
´Ҳһ
⣬ҲΪˡ
뵽һˣĬĬһȻֱת
ֻ׼飬֪Ϊʲô̧뿪ʱȴÿһǧ
뵽´һ
֪һ룬ͱץס֣Ȼ˵λɣ²ѧǳʵΪʵۡ
οĸڣ˻ʵۣѵҪҵĸ𣿡
Ҫǣ׸˽ϳ¼ҡ
˻һʯ쾪
´̧ͷŵؿ˷ա


126 
ֻǳ´, ڳ˶ˡ
ΪնԼǸ˵ˣȻߡá̡
Ҳ˵Ĳ뵱ʵۡ
ͷˣ, ˵ʲô
Ҫǵ˻ʵۣ˵Ǹ¹ˣǸԸⰡ
׸ʲô
һԲϾͳ˱˼ҵˣ治֪֪
ӦŮۣ͵̧ͷ˳´ǡ
ϳ¼ң
ϻм¼ң
Գ´ǾȻǰϳ¼ҵ

Ů۷һĴЦ
˳¼, ´Ǿ͵߸ǵĽɽ
Ӧ, ǱӦ
Ȼݡ
עŴЩػǹͻͲתƵ˳´, ´, ֿ, 漴ƿڴˣѹᱳңСС
ѹʿۼֿ, ֱж°ͣûоŵյˡ
´ǴӲ֪ԼȻô졣
ؿŷ, ţ㡢˵ʲô
ȻַӦ, Ϊող˵Ļÿһֱֱֶϣôûмסء
ֱӺۿ֪˵ʲô𣿡
ǿǻλϵȨ֮ϵĵλֻҪǸλãǮˡֿɵá
, ٿݣΪ˻λƲֶΣ֪жζ뵱ʵˡ
ǷվȻôˣ
տ, ģֻ˵Ը𣿡
ΪԼ壬ʵ黹Уʵ۾ˣõʱ񣬷ܻԼ
ҵϻʵ֮һһжʷԹٶţҪ֪Ժɻͳ´Сء
Ի´أ
Ҳ˵ΪŷĻλ
һ˲䣬жϲáָһů˳´ǵǻ
Ҫʱ͵ص㲻ԣֱ˽ջ
һԱϣǿǿ۽ˡ
ǼʶλӷĿɳĵزּ˶Իλмһ˵ķա
ֱߺ̲סʵ˼ǣ
ŷӦ
ʲôǷ·תǷ·ת
ôҲû뵽ݸոͱһݾͱʰˡ
Ҫǣ뵱ʵۣܰѻλø˭
ˣտûֵܡ
뵽ҵеĿϲΪʵʡ
֪һ룬˵ҾõɽҺҽ֮գȫΪܵĸ׵ıӣӦҵĸײŶԡ
ʲô
ͻȻϲ㶡
ڳҲסˡ
Ϊϸ룬Ҳ֪ʲô˼
Ȼʵۣ
ŷӦæҡͷλãһŮôܵʵء
ͬһʱ䣬ҲգˣԣᣬȻҪѻλøһˣ
ֱû뵽վȻԽѻλøϡ
⻰Щһڷող׳ľеԱЩҲʶص˵ͷ
⻰Цˣ˵򵥣ӽ쿪ʼҺͽˡ
û뵽Щ˵ͬסһµӶֻˡ
Ȼϲֱ˺ˣôܲǵϰء
뵽ʲôתͷ´ǣһҾͲԼҵˣҲĳˡ
һã
⻰´ǵ۾ˡ
ϣ

һԱ
ˣû뵽վȻִ治Ļ˵ĳ
ҷҪǺθᣬʲôˣͳ˼޽ҵ׸
ӣӣҵ͸á
ˡ
ղͷشĻ㻹ΪԼǸʲôö𣿡
Լʲô飬μ޸³һĸȥնʹ۹һ
뵽ֻǰһ췭ظ
ǿ򶨣ʼ㸸ס
ûô˵ҲǷյĸףѵջ߱ɣԼųꡣ
뵽ʱһ
ЩҲڷӦ˹ԴǣûӣӲԸ֮ôô˵үء
ĵĿɲǷվȻѻλøϡ
ôУ
Ǽ˵򲻿ɣ˾񡣡
ǰŮ۾ǰ֮ӣ
ջس
⻰Ϻεɫ˲ͱˡ
ǷŭĿЩν
̲סһ
֮ǰλʱ̰ı˭죬ΪλǸŮˣǵǶˡ
տûЩˣֻ˵ǻҲںڸҵľ
δ䣬˷еĲǽϵĶһֱӵתǹڣ׼ЩԱ
䣡
Щν˲ʧҲŰ
ΪܿĿɲЩڶǹڣԶѵɽʬ塣
ԼڵĴⲻŮ۵ĳϣڷ췴ֳ
ȻҲܹ峣ڼҷŮۡ
ҲˣΪʲô´Ѿס˳棬ȴϢ͸¶ݵţݵ
ΪľչʾЩػǹͻͲȻɱӺ
ȻЩ
ǻġ
һĻղصس
Щν콩סˣǼٷŭҲٿ
ΪһǾն˵´ˣһ治ųꡣ
ҪǰϧҲͲڴ֮ͥ°ԼǸ仹׸˳¼ҵ˵ˡ
ȻֵĿУռ˵߱飬ҲģϾڿɲҵĸףǰ
㡭
ֱģһģŵֱ̱˵ϡ
ռ״Цһٴ
תͷϣĸף벻ʵۣ
ʶҡҡͷֻһΣҡһʱͻȻͣ˶
ȻѾĲ뵱ʵˣΪʲôأ
Щĵĸ岻Ů˸׳Ƴ뱻Ů˲ͷϣƫƫҪǸ׳ƳƫƫҪǵͷϡ
ֻ˻ʵۣܱӻĿŮˣİա
Ҳٵģᱻ˸ʹӣΪԺֻʹӵķݡ
һ뵽ڼϳǣЩԱĸӳͶĳ棬Ͼͺ޵
Ҿ㷽սҲûϵʱٰѻλøվˡ
ҲԼʱΪ᲻ȨƶȲ˵Լˣһ򲽽ػǹͻͲػλ
뵽ϻһתʵ
Щνͼˡ
С
ֻϧ˵꣬һ룬һԥ˰
飡
һƿӵֱֱҽЩǰʯשʯֱǵϺ۾
һʱ֮䣬㳡ϲҽ
Ƶ˵Ǹղ˵ʲôţ
Щνѿˡ
ֻʵʵĵͷ
Ǳȴ̲סս˫ȭ
ϾŮ۾ٿǣҲҵǡ
ʲôʱܹ衣
Űɣһúá𡯷յġ
ʷϸĸӺݺݵؼһʡ
뵽ĸպǧ³̲ס˷
ʱεôĸ׵ǻ֮һҪʷٽ췢ȫ¼
ʲô
ʶתͷΡ
ֻοЩνЦ˵Щ˱ΪǬԱȴͶΪ³ĳӵ¡
ȻѾµЩĵ׵뷨ԸɴΪǿˡ
λ˲ŽǰŮ»λʷҾͰλһѺˡ
䣡
⻰Щνʱ
ʷųŶԡ
Ͼصʲôڰ
˼ˣȴռū֪ˡ
أˣһ֪֮˻οǡ
ǵʹ޵ɰˣɰ
ӣ̹ˡ
̲ס˵á
̹Ļں档
һ룬ֻӣֱӹȥμĸꡣ
ҲᲩһ㶡
ŷӦ׷׹ȥꡣ
ǵ˲͸ǹЩνʹȻ󴫱ʹǡ
Ჩһ
ɽڵصٹ٣Ļʳǣл㱡
͡ϻʵˣ
һ𾪵Ļˣɩ
Ŵ졣
Сͳ˻ʵˣ
СӾȻϻʵˣ
Ҳͳ˻ʼ
뵽޾ĻϮͷ
֪Ჩô컯ôҺء
ͬĻЩ
˭뵽أǰһǻѵĶһͳĴڡ
ȻˣһĲ̼ˣݣŮ۵ˣǵĴѾܺˡ
ЩѾҪˣ
³ˣǬ
³һᲩƵۣﳯǣԪ͡
³ҪȻһĶ࣬簲ط͹ʹǰĹԱ
ݶ䵽ݵҲϤɱг´ֵµЩԱȻκ춯
ڵ֪³ʮµ۸ӵػǹͻͲ֮ЩطҲʵʵؽˡ
³Ѵ֮ȶ˳֡
³Ҫ͵ĹҲ࣬˶͸ߺҪ֮⣬ЩְؾͿˡ
ϾΪ˴³ĽɽûзѶٵ
ᲩĸĸҲѾˣֻҪѭТ׷ΪʵۻʺУֵܽãҲֻǷ˹ˡ
ϾҲûʲô̫ĹԲû
ǴǰĹԱ
д󲿷ͨԱֱˣϾڻҪǰæ
˼ǰȷһҳͶļϵһԱ
ȳ͢ɽԱʶȤֱӰǶˣȻŤ˾ǡ
ᲩҲûԵ±ԹëҲֻ̲ǰһ飬µȫˣȷʵṵ̂ģҲֻǰǵĹְ
ǰЩףᲩǰŮΪֹȥǰЩʵȥˡ
ЩȻˣǵļҾ컹ڣᲩֱɱǵļȫˡ
Ǽﾹ˾ǧӡ
ɼƽѹ֬ѹεضݡ
Ჩһӣ˸ߺ긳˰Ǯ
Ϊ⣬ټϼͷϵĵĹ⻷˲ͽһŮ۵ʵ
ЩļҾ죬ᲩҲȫ˾
յоɱȼЩԱҪӣеУֱɱ˴룬ʣµҲȫ˼굽ʮ겻ȵۣܹ֮ȥͰֹ֮١
֪Ŀһежֲ̿
һ죬Ҳܿ͵ˡ
ʥּּ
֣ٿŻ߹񲿹Աֱһ
ΪֻҪʥּǾ˵ٻл·
ϾᲩϵЩԱܷŹôΥԼԭء
Ƿգ³˵ˡ
ʥּ
뵽߸˵ع˹ȥ
ֻ񲿹ԱֱչеʥּگԻ
ʶ̧ͷ
ѵӦǷ˻ʵ
Ͼʥּǻʵ´顣
ĵͻȻһţ˭
񲿹ԱƲһۣȻǻʳӵ¡
ʳӣ
ա
һ㵱ʹȥ


127 
񲿹Աġ͵һǰ, ¾ͷ˻ʳӵΪ˳´ǳ´Ϊ, λүݣ볯ϵ֮ȨּԾлʵȨ
֮ڵķտʹʵ۵Ȩ, ԺʵҲջȨ
ʥּдĲŻǡگԻ
ȻΥ, , ڰȡ
ﻹ˵Щֻ֪ʥּǷ¸, Ҫɱˣ
ʹڱһ
񲿹Աʵס, ҲͲˣǰ, ΪŮ۷, Ȼĳݶ, Ϊһӣβк޶ʵʮ⣬Լ𣬷϶Ů۷֮, Ϊʹ;Ѵպѭ浸, Уմˣ
ʲô
⻰̧ͷ
վȻûɱҪӽʹ
뵽۾ʱˡ
ǲζţȻĵ׻Ϊס
Ҳ˵֮úñ֣лǵԭµġ
Ҳлᷭġ
һĻ񲿹ԱʱЦˡ
ΪҲ֪ʲô
˵ʹǻ֪ڵݵʲô˼ɣ
ʲô
񲿹Ա˵µ۵ǻ֮󣬶λΪƷʮףֱΪƷһƷʲ򣬴һƷ򡭡ƷʹƷʹ
ˡ
νʹλʵŮۺƷ͵Ǹ
ҪĲŮ۾ȻҪ󿪺󹬣
۾˲ͺˣϾͷ϶ܷˡ
Ჩôң
ǬŮ۶Ҵ󿪺󹬡
ЩأЩʷԹأǶΪʲôɣΪʲôԣ
񲿹ԱЦˣʹǬѾˣ
ЩԹ٣º̫Ů¼д˳Ұ䲼ˣԾȫĶûмǻʵ𣿡
Ϊɺ󹬣Ϊʼҿ֦ɢҶʲô𣿡
۾ʱˣһᲩǸŮˣô͹ԺЩǧļŮʲô𣿡
סڡ
񲿹Աɫ˲ͱˣǰôС檣ϷЩŪɧСʲô𣿡
޵ľԱ˵¡
ΪĸҲʮ۸ǹ¶ĸ޿ҵʹĸòӻҡ
ɼǻǲŹǡ
Ϊصξ꣬ûʲôȴǨ
峤ΪΪõ͸һƷƴ⣬ϾͽʿƷƷȣƷ׻õġ
ȻǾͶһЩѸоͰļĸ
ûãԭھͶϣѾ̶˻ڵļĸΪ˼ȣԾΪ˿ʮѳˡ
ֱڣĸƷϼҵĴء
ĸŮӺͬˣΪŮ˾ҪܵĿ
㡢
ûΪû뵽ȻҰͼСġ
Ŷԡ
񲿹Ա˵㻹ΪԼǸ߸ϵүأֻһƷʹѡ
ȻЦˣԱٽɲֻּģΪʹл˳ݼλӵġ
ʲô
ѡ
ݼλӣ
ᲩЩ𡭡衭
ǰһڡ
֪ᲩĸӴʲôˡ
ڱһȺС檻ؼңᲩǵĴڣǾĲ顣
ʺȰ
⻹ֱɱأ
ҲȥҲȥ
񲿹ԱֱЦ㲻ȥҲȥ
˵ֱ꣬ʾңߡ
ǰϳη
ȴûȥֱȥһη
ǸηŵĿɲμˡ
̫Ůͣ³ڣ
ڳμ˶ʱͻˣæףһϢ³̧˳
³ӣ񲿹ԱҲ֡
ϾμΪԹ³ǱΪ飬μңһؽξͽ³˸ϢʹСˡ
ЩμȻˣ֪һƽ壬˳¹ʱȲμС͸檵ĿԼ
񲿹Աֻ̫Ůͣ޷һϣ¿⣬ӣ㲻ϲԺ͸ŮɣһȵǣŮӵŮ
⻰Ȼ³ˣȴ¶ͷŭĿ⡣
䱳ôֹȥء
һĻ񲿹ԱһЦ
֪ˣ̫ȡҲеֵʱǺܿ
»ûء
ֱתͷЩμˣ̫Ů˵ˣŮ֮Ի˵ݶȫΪμҹ̲ܽϣڰŮǣϣԺúùܽУô˵ŮҲɷȻڰˣҲϣŮܸؽڣ𣿡
ؽڣ
һ˾ȻȥһŮؽڣ
³ŭѣȴֻĴ档
μ˷Ĺؼڣ̫Ů
񲿹Աֻ˵Ҳԣһֱڴţô֪أڸղţּ˳Ϊ̫ŮСΪ̫Ϊ̫BʥּӦѾ˻̫Ůͻ̫ˡ
˵꣬һĿ³μһۣЦŴˡ
̫Ů
̫
μֱ̱˵ϡ
ԭӦμҶϱμҵŮ
Ҫܴ󴬣γμҲˣγϸλ
˵ʲôˣ
ΪһжѾ³ˡ
뵽μ˿³ĿԹˡ
³ȻǸˣ
ȻԤϵԼܻᱻΪ̫Ů浽ӵʥּһ̣ε໹̲סҵһ¡
Ҳûоܾʥּ
ΪȻǸŮˣγûһҰģǰûѡȨڻͰǰȻ
Ҳ빼յġ
ҲǺŷֵģԭɽʱ򣬷վѾʼˣΪЩ죬⳯͢µ̫̫ϾͶҪζˡ
ֻǱס˷գ˵һṼġ
ЦŻرһ£š
֮µּ⣬ΪᲩûλӦģȻӦЩ¡
Ҳʱ⴫һЦ
ûãᲩɩ˽
պΣᲩ˵Σգǲ֪ղ屻ѹŸЩ˾ʱɫжѿ
˴ɩ⡣
Ჩüɫ裬һڶ
֮ǰɩҪ˵ʱǾܾġ
Ϊһʱģﻹȥ
ֻܾҲûãΪڶɩͻͬѡ߰˸ӣ÷շλ˺󹬣СľȻȷջҪСһꡣ
ᲩʱûТ
ڲ㱻˱ʱ̹ˡ
⻰ɩЦ
Ȼ֮ǰȷΪḸֵһ˼ᲩᲩһʺԹޣԺᲩֳ˺ܶ಻졣
Ȼвû𺦵档
ûϵֻҪƤһ˾ûиҹĳ
ⲻᲩһһɩеĿˡ
οǣҲû˵ɩֵܵǵƲȤֻҪᲩˣ㹻ˡ
ֻһ飺ˣݣδã
յŷӦǾȻ֮һˡ
룬Ц˵ǿҷļңȴ׸ΪܣǾøɴһӵ׸ɡ
ҲЦˣá
Ȼ˶٣Ǿٸ̼С͸ƽɣ
ˣҪҪȰݶˡ
е㵣ĻŻɽ
ء
˵
ַûʲô÷ġ
Ҳ̼ҶһظͷˣѵԵڶ 
ǵ硪
ʥּ̼˽ּ
˻ʵۣگԻϲ̼ңΪһ̼֣ȴܽ׸ϣʹУ񷨣ҳ٣ŷû̼һҲȽݴأ̣ܽٷĶȡ
ӵʥּĲֱ̼ˣȻϲ
ԭΪΪݵңµ۵ǻ֮һὫǴΪݵͬû뵽ǣµ۾ȻֻǶһܽ׸ϵҪǱ̵ļҲȫǡ
ǵӯױݣл£л£Ȼȥ֮һúùܽݡ
˵꣬ǺݺݵصԱ߱廨һۡ
һĻģֱӾͻ˹ȥ


128 
ڶ, ̼˾ʹݻ˽ϡ
һߣˮͤڸ´󱳡
Ȼǰ˱ڻ󷨡
Ͼ, ҲǸģᲩҲ֣¶Ҫ´ǡ
Ҳ͵⼸´æؽŲմأҶûʱˣҲһȦ
ɰѷۣˡ
Ȼ, Ҳʲô鶼û
³ˣЩԸس¼ҵĳ¼ҳŮ, ҲѾ˸ˡ
ϾϿ, ѳ¼һ, ôҲó¼Ҷó¼ЩԺɨĹ˶ûС
ų´ȢӣȻҲǲܵġ
ǾͰĿŵ˳¼ҵЩŮϡ
Ͼǡ޳ȥŮóȥˮԼ㵱Ǭƽ¼, ҲòЩŮ, Դ󲿷ֳ¼Ů
ǳ¼Ұ, ǵĴá
Ͼǳ޵ʱ򣬳¼ֿȣǼ޵ķһҲŵԡ
ǳ¼ұ֮ǵķе±ǣ, еĿʼǵ䲻ǵɷˡ, ֻ֮һС˵ӹû㰲ȣҪôɷ͹ŵ䱩Ҫô˸, ߵֱӱˡ
ڷյȥʱ򣬴¼Ůѡ˻ص¼ңźӻĸǲǵķȻҲΪѾ鳭ʮССļ壬ҳĽۿžȥһǮˡ
˵ЩĺҲѾȥˣмֻҶǶӣȥҪǾûĻ͹̼Щá
š
´Ǳ۾ſڷջů̫бɹϣˡ
ȴûһ˿Ĳ
ԭܼ򵥡
Ϊ˵ЩɲΪ˸Щ顣
ĿģʵΪˡҫĹȻֱ׳Ҫ
ͱϴΣǼһͻȻ˷ԭжĲУͳרעڳԷĹ򣬰칫õĴŹˡ
һΣǼһӹμҺΪ¼ƽ顪ʵһɡûεˣ֪ôӣʵڹΨһ;žЩ참ĹԱǲ˽
֮һͽ԰
֪ģΪ⽭ɽҵء
ⲢҪģҪǣᲩôɩι԰֪ʱңһﲻſôߡ졭û
ϾʱһᲩǷˡղҪҪء
Ӱˡ
뵽Ӱĳ´ְ˰յؼϰһԣǶ
ȻǣҲ֪ûǷյİĦַãºҲûе¾ˡ
Ƣ֮һʵ˲٣ҪȻôϸɹ̫
Ҳʱһ󱱷紵˹ɹ̫ĳ´ͻȻһ˿⡣
ţ
´ʶ̧ۣͷһŷԼ֪ʲôʱ򱻽⿪ˣյһֻҪ·
գ
´ǣ
ȿȣ
ڨڨҿºе࣬һɾġ
˵ֱ꣬׳ذѳ´ǵ°ˡ
´ǣ
š
ǻͷҪȻôһıʵأ
ҡ
˵õĲЦϹأǰ޳ܵ˹İ˭
ȻҲϲ˾ˣȿȡϾ˭᲻ϲԼϹǰ¹ڳ˺¹أ
ǳԲҲġ
Ȼ̫ˡ
´ҧǣԺš
ȵٰ´ǰѸɾѴϵʱѾʱˡ
ֻڻ˯ĳ´ǣյľȴõĲˡ
ĳ´̲סڷյ°ӣҴһһҪ졣
ҲʱͻȻ££ɽӪϢ
⻰´˲˾
ΪɽǬڣЩǬھȫ
Ӫפؾǵ֮һפɽǵְ֮һǿЩǬҡ
˵˵ǰֹסԾˡ
´סˡ
ǬŮ۾ȻԾˣ
ںһŷӦ
ȻЦˡ
ʵϣҪΪ˲³²бʵڷŮλʱֱһưѷŮȥƽˡ
ҲãԾˣʡٹ
뵽´ǵˡ
ֱۣ˷յĻ
Կڽõķϣһһˡ
տɲ֪Լӹһ٣ֻ˻֣ǸȥˣȻѵõİȥˡ
һߣᲩҲϢ
ǲĬĬ
Ҫ˵ǬŮʲô캦飬ǵûС
Ҫ˵һûУǬôģ
ҪΪ˰ϻλƽҲԳ¼ҡμҡЩҴ
ⲻ֪ʱ򣬳֮ȫһȺǺ֮ΪЩҳɱˣŻȺ޳С˿ӣ˸λڳսܻ
ǬģǺճݵ˻ʵۣ֪ȺαӻôŮˣ١˾仰϶ǻᱻʵģʱŮ˵ֻҪѹˡ
ǸȦ
Σʲô£
˵ص£һֽ
νӹֽһֻһ֣дšҲֻ޵һѡ
ЦЦ⵹ġ
ǲҪӵŬУú˵ֻǵá
˵ݰֹĹ˵ֹԾ֮ǰƺڿ͢·ۡ
룺·ۡϵ¼ĺǳ͢ϳƷ顣
˵һԵᲩҲסˡ
ѹǬոʱ򣬷ŮûԾȴͻȻԾˣһ仰
ΪŮ۵ǻ֮ʱҲҪϳƷǵʱҰһƬ֮Щν໥һճ£ƵطŮ󲻵òջ˳ǵǸ
Ȼ񿴵ȴ׾ٵطϳƷŮǳ׾ˣֻοԲѡԾ
ôһ룬ҲǸˡ
Ჩ̾˵ǾԵƺɡ
ǡ
뵽ʲôͻȻ˵ЩνһֱƲŮ𣬽ڷŮ۶ΪǬѳˣЩڼȴĺúõģǿЦ
˵ԸȥʷڸŮʱ򣬰дϡ
Ѿ챻˻Ҫʬһ


129 
, Ͽˣﳯ
ĳиһ꼶ʷϡ
ĻʦеĻԼt
֪, ĻǰѧҲͳֻ, ˰༶Ⱥ
ʦ֪, ﳯǷ⽨ʷҵĳӿȨٳơ
༶Ⱥ, ʼ˵ҳˡ
, Ӧû˲֪ҳʲô˼ɡ
ϾҶʹʱ򣬴ﳯѾһԲϾͼػǹͻͲǹҳʲô
, һдԽС˵ʱ򶼲֪ôд, ΪҪдǴԽ⽨ʱ, ǹ, ߻ûбƸ, Ͼ˴ﳯһֿɾػǹͻͲ
ҪдҪ², ʲôе߼ò, һ竸˾С쳬Сϰ塭ȻػǹͻͲͼֽĶģ߼ӹոǹұܼͽôš
ѹƵһɫĴǹеϵͳٻϵͳԽ, С˵Ҫ߼, ʵҪ£
, ˵һڴﳯҪˡ
磬ͻȻ˲õԤС
һܴԽǬĩ, ͽɹλ
ŮǬĩֱ꣬£ɹλ
ֻɽ£½ݣȻ󿪺󹬣
ǣŮǬĩֱ꣬ԼԽǸũŮǧ𡭡

ˣ
磡
ʦ˵ͬʱﳯҲ˵جΣҪԭ
һΪʱŮбŮ˼Ǭﵽ˶壬Եʱձ鿴ŮˣǬŮۣصʱ˺ˮΣճʮһ죬Ϊ÷ŮջŮѧگŻǬʵ˵
ȻЩһڿνǬʱѾ˵ˣͲϸ˵ˡ
ﳯʮ˵۴󲿷ֶŮۣﳯʵ۶ǳЩν
ͱ罨ۣΣͷľͰЩνһʬʲôѡ¼Ϊƾٱؿ飬ˣһ׸лǬŮ۵ʫһн¼ȥʱԴΪɼӿһζơ
νƣȰٶһ¡
ǬԺָǿƾƶУһε⣬ʵԼǻٳ֮ѧӶӿһοƾٿԡ
֮ЩʵۣȻҲΪܵӰ죬Żʹ
žɱǻҰɣ
ӱʮ겻۱𣬴絽
ѹֿʥ˻˵ΨŮСҲⲻ֤𣿡
ǺǣγǣǲƤˡ
ۻ˵Ψνٳ֮Ϊ󡯣仰ڻڽ۵ĹϺ͹ʹ̫͵κϿأô˵ˣ
ˣ˵׼ԸѽĹϺ͹ʹ̫͵κϿŵ仰ס㵽ʱɱͶƱ
˵ΪԸӷ𣿡
ʾǲӷǶˡ
ǹˣòȶˣԱֱĿ
ǣҲ˵ˣгƽȵ磬ӦŮ໥֡໥ݵ磬ǹǼסˡΨŮСҲ͡Ψνٳ֮Ϊ仰ôûס仰ء
ˣǣרΰɣ
ʦΪﳯʵ۶ΪսԴһΪģʵ´ڣҲǿ
ֻϧ潨̫뺷ˣһ·ŷޣһˣݱһ̯¸ڣƵڲòգϢúһϻʵۣڻʵۡ
ǣ̫ˣ
ЩζõΪֺŵĻʵۣ𣬣
ʦҲΪﳯʵ۶ΪսҿΪԼĹΨһ׼ڴﳯʢʱ򣬽һŷ½
˵Ϊ㣬ﳯĴΪѣ̫棬ۣڻʵÿͻᵥ˾һȻˣʼû£ΪǸոհʱЩ˾ȹˡ
ۣ
Цڣ
ҪҲλʵۣǰ˵ˣʱ򣬵ʱỹڼŮ£λʵ̫ͽۣǷ⽨µƷԶԷ⽨ƿνʹ
ǵǻ֮ǷϳƷȻֿŮѧŮӿƾ٣ĵճӼ̳Ϊճ̳ƣҲ˵̫ʱڿʼ޵ĵһӲŮǼҲ;λĵһ̳ˣ˽䳯͢ǹŮȢ̡
Ϊļ˴ѹ˵ﳹʧ⣬ʹôﳯʮλʵҲƽȵڰңаټϳ檺̣ʵһһƵʱ쳣˳
ҲһŮƽȨ˶ƽȨ˶˰˰ꡣ
ֱ죬ǻҲŮƽȳ̶ߵĹҡ
Ҫyǰǿ鷸ŵӭȢ֮ܺͿ̷̷𣿡
yˣˣ𼱣
ʦ̫֮ԻĵΪﳯػǹͻͲ
ˣ콵ͣңУƣ
ԴػǹͻͲԭϵ嶼ʼܸأ
̫Ԫ֪꣬˻ǹ켼ﳯһս׷ɱá
ЩѵһٸʷϻԻޱȵl۹
ҲǽǹʹʵԽԽǿ
ЩػǹͻͲҲΪ棬ݴǴǬ콵ʯлõģ˵֤ʵ鹹ġ
Ͼϵʯô࣬ǴﳯҪһսǵʯôܼ궼ûꡣ
ݶǴԽߵѾȫ繫ϵˡ
ֻϧƽȵԺ󣬴ﳯĺƺ͵ͷ֮ĵһһﳯĳ붯֮Уǻ¹רȨЩҵҲ̧ͷò׳˸ڻʵۣհЩҵѹȥûþΪݱˣҲʽֱ֮С
ٺڹеԽԽͣĩ鳼аѳֳ٣ķϻʵۣͼȡ֮ں󽫾Ӣƽ˻У˳Ӧʱϳ˵ƣɺƽȵĻ
ʱ򣬻ĽѾֻʣﳯ֮һˡ
˵ڻʵ۶ʮ꣬綼ӡ
˵ﳯǻʷϽʢΪݵԣʹѧ鷨Ƽȷ涼ޱ貵ĳɾͣʡ񡭡ǾͲ˵˴ңұǵĴǴСѧ󡭡
ˣʷξ͵ˣͬѧ¿֮ǵðϰϰһ¡

ȵȣˣ
Ұ˲ɽأ
ҿĸأ
ºͽమɱľأ
ʦֻ˵ʷãǵ㲥ֱֳлл



130 統
ᲩóһȻ츳, ڳϾͲˣЩҲȤԵǻ֮һһԩ, Ϊ
ҲԤ, Ϊʵ֮û˸ҶΥץĸ̰پץĸ̰٣΢˽þ΢˽á
ΪˣᲩֻǸӻʵۣҲɴˡʥӡ
ҵ˺, ϶ҲСĶȥϾЩɶֳɵĵӾزİ
֮, ʵ֮ôԭ֮һǺܶ˶ǿš΢˽üǡġ
, Ჩȫ˳´ǺΡ
ʮڻָȶ, Ҳƿ˳, Ჩ㰲ĽλԼ߸˵̫ϻʡ
´Ҳȥة֮λͷչˣûûģ
ֹȥ˶ʮ꣬Ჩݱ, ´ҲȲظȥ, 뿪硣
ڻϱʵʱ, һ룬һɾʹϮĴƤ㡣
, Ȼ̲סһ
ѹһԵļ˲Χʦܣôˣ
ؿ, òײŴá
ȻͷԼֺʲôϣе֡
Ų֣ſǶһ׺ӣʶǴ׺ӣŷǴ׺ӾȻԼġ
գ
һŵ˵۾ӳĺȻǸ׺Сͷ
գ
һûһգֻ˹ȥ
һԵļˣ
ӵĻã
Ǽʦܣ
۽ա
Ҫһʱ侲˳鿴һǰļ䡣
ǰգ򹷣ű̥
⼸֮ԳƺʦܣΪ硣
յĳ̫ͣԭһΪǬСĻʵ۵ĵճӡ
ֻǸܹɵ磬ûֵܵϵջ磬صĲ̣Ϊ
ϾֻʵΪ΢һʿ׾ٵɱʮʿЩΪƸΪĴˡ
һܷ̤֮·ܹ·߶ԶģҪĸǡ
ռ˵ģǲҵġ
˵ǣ˿һ˲ܳһˣǡþ֮һ
ҵǣֻǸ
磬ԽһеٶԽ졣
ԽӣеٶԽ
ܶһӶͻƲڣԾŶĵӡ
ƫƫǺĵϵҸһߵʱ򣬵ʱھǰΪŵӡ
Ϊˣ׵ܵܣյĵܣһͱΪ̫ӡ
ǻλһ˳λ̳˵ĵճǻûͱ⵽һƫԶСط
յȻģΪһҲҪΪ߸ϵˡ
ĸȻãȴܱȡ
ȥܼ©ؾǱ͵Դḻĵطһ˶ĳĳ֮ӣڴǰһ뱻һܾһսֳɵǣˣǵȻҲȫˡ
ȼΪ𵤡ԪӤϡ񡢶ɽ١
ڷΪʮ֮⣬ȼΪڡڡڡԲ
ȻԴǰͨһħ޴ݻ٣֮˷ˣҴ˼Ҳսϡ
һͻƶɽڣԭЩںͶɽҲȺˡ
磬ͻƽڵıܱΪˣͻԪӤڵģˣһҪһλڴ򣬾ѾһĴˡ
ԹΪܵʮ֮ڣΪԪӤĵմӵʱҲڳɹڶʮĲ㣬õżϣŵӡ
ŵӵӲùοţ˲ˣЩ˴򲻹֪ĸ֮󣬾ͷ鷳Ծ˿ͷ
ԴˣպˣԼٻ׷ѰƮٵ·
ˣѾûкڵĻˣֻľȻس
ֱһα޹ʹ˽յʱ·Сʦÿ쳣һȸ
ΪȣͻȻһ⡣
СʦãԸΪһС
Сʦø̲裬ϲյĽӽģҲ֪ǸˣΪ˲ģֻװ֪յӣ͸ʣ͸ӲܾˣһĸղҪԼѵ͸¶ȥñ֮˶ϡ
նʱжˡ
Ҳ֪Լ䲻СʦãԲûСʦ̻¶Լ⡣
֪СʦûٰѴյת͸
ֱʮħ֡
Сʦú󶼲ս֮С
˵֮󣬼
ججع˼ꡣ
ֱһŮҸǸŮСʦõŸӡ
ԭţ
ϾСʦҪǻˣôܻ᲻أҪ֪ǴӦСʦõģҪ˺ӣһһݴ
ǸŮ֮ȴˡ
ΪǸŮʵ̫Сʦˡ
ձΪŮȡΪ诡
Ҳ
֪ǳħֵĴսȻӮˣͬʧأڵҲ䣬Ǹ˹롣
ǻŵ˲ϸǷɥͿʼȨˡ
й̲Ҫֱֻ֪һΪĳΪҵоڰЩǰ֮󣬴ֵʣ޼뿪ڣڡ
Ϊ֮ڽڣ֮Ҳһĵλĺһֱûб仵ʱʱܵõһЩŵرҲ˳֮˽ڣܹһˡ
ߣ诵Ȼ󲻹
һʼҲǰ诵ŮԴģͷݶΪ
ֻյΪԽԽߣŮ޶˼
֮说͸׽ˣżȻ¶̬ҲСʦá
һӣﻹ˵ЩŮޣģĶϡ
ͬʱ־ʮΣΪձ֣诵壬˼ֽ诣ȥСʦںεء
ûõҪҪ诵ʱ课ͺˣײֳһؾ
ڿɲǵϷڵ֮һΪڼ̳ڴŲԶ̶̲꣬ھȡڳµס
ΪѾԪӤڣ׿بδУΪܹ´ͨͨĵһˡ
ܻΪʲôҪ
û뵽ǣ读û˵ĴͻȻվ˳ָһֱʦͽ֮ɧ֮£˵һУ飬ʵ룬Ϊ诵ĸס
Ҳ֪סˣΪʲôԭ򣬾Ҳûеһʱվ
ȫʱһƬȻ붼վߡ
Ͼճ诵ĸ£˶֪ģ˵һֱڹͼʲô
ͼǸ
ͼӵ
ͼֻв
ϾܹڣѾǽˣǲܵˡ
һ㣬ͻƽ֮󼸰޴֪ˡ
˲ͺˣձ⣬һ˳ȥ
ҪڵźͳƴţֻյѪˡ
ºڸǷųոȫҽΪ诺ĲպôһķϣԷŹһڱҪе
գ
̵֣΢΢
ʵϣʵһС˵ݻС磬ŮȻ诣ֻֻǰ诵İ¹ѣǴٽ֮ĸһڵڻѡ
ʲô诣ʲôڶҪ
ҪǣΪ֮Žһֱϵģ
⵹ûʲôϾһʿԪӤ֮󣬾ܽǣϻͯȻҲڻ¡
ǹؼڣǰ漸ľֻʱǰҪͻԪӤڣϻͯʲôģ붼Ҫ롣
Ҫǣ綼֪һ˻ФòŮʿ
Ҫ֪ˡ
գ
ֻһشǰȥ


131 
ȥǲܵ, ôҲҪȴһ¡
Ҳʱ򣬵ͻȻһ
ô£
뷽ҲڵƵüͷ
ûãһ˳ֽ˽, λʦ塣
Ȼֱתͷգʦ壬ǬĵںϵĶ, Ӹոմ˰ȫˡ
ʲô
ֻţڳ˵üͷ
ΪǬɲܵɷ, Ҳڵĵط
߳ȥһ, ȻһȺڵӷεֳһȺŸɫεΧɽϡ
һԵֲ԰, ֮ȫǹͺͺģҶӶһƬֻʣһҵĽӡ
ŵüͷøˣôһ£
Щ, ôҲû뵽ŵ˻ô죬һúײˡ
ǲ˵ŵԽࣺ˵ôһ£
ӲͷƤ˵ŵĻǴǬ
Ǭ
ٿǶѾڵӷ, Լ·, ˡ
ЩǿյڵڣĻᱻǣԾǻûؾ֮ǰ, ʰһ֮
ֱЦˡ
ȺΧǵڵӵʵǬڿɻڵӣûŵǾ˽Ǭѳʲô𣿡
, ǻǬΪʲôҪǬϵĶ
ǻǬҸղŷ˵ҪȥͶ诡
ɲǵؾָ֮նͼıǸյĴӡ
Ѿһ𣬼ˡ
˵꣬һ˵ĴǿƿĽƣĶȫ˳
Щ˵¾ͼˣʲô
ŵȴûմǣǿŵһѶ治лûгֲʮȻǬӡǣһ֪Ǭϲؾ
չ涨ƽӿƾ蹱׵ǰؾѡֻܵôؾ
Կ֪ھؾĹˣǬϵⳡжء
ŵ˵˲ȫˣúúá
εѹ˲ϯǬ壬ЩǬܵסǵɫ˲ò԰
Ҳʱ뵽ʲôһǰһ˵ǲˣеĺܶ˸ûڵףӵѳš
ΪýˣȻԼͽܣֱ޲磬Ҫ֪ˣǵǬ塣
⻰˵۾Ҳˡ
û
ҵ̷ռ꣬ڲЩǬϵĶôˣ
⻰˶ŭˡ
մµΣĿá
ΪʲôЩܶ˶ûнڵף
Ϊ֮о˶ʮûͻĲ㣬ڵͽ׼
ֻΪǶǬˣڵǬյǸĵܣ׵ܵĺ
Ҳ֪Сʦõʵ򹷣ʧȥɽ֮󣬱գСʦõķң诵壬ձǬǲֺ诣Ҳ˵˲ٵĺûСʦú诵ϣմӦǵ
ǬϲŻôǬĵӡ
ǬһСܳһѾǰѵһĴϲˣǬĵӾյĴҲֻǸ
еľڶֻ㣬ܹͻ߲ģһֶֻϰôܱʮڵӾΧסˡ
ⲻ֪ŵʸûУܹĲĸָҲΪЩ˲ڵϣһӦʶԼ͵
Կ֪ΪǺķ˶Ѫ
ҲΪˣʾѵĵӶԸǬ壬ΪǬ׸̫࣬ǰǬ֮ҲֲԴ
һˣһ֮ΨһõóֵĵӾȻֻһǰͣһٶĴ
Щ˲жһա
Ϊʲô˵
Ϊ˭֪ҺʵǸϺˣ˭ᾡȫ㡾ְأӲ͵ˣԵӸǾľǼղ顣
ǾЩӶŵ飬ЩǬȴˣѾһһ¹޽ˡ
ЦǣǾȻ˵Ƿռ꣬ߵЩӦõġ
ʲôǰǣʲôǺ޳ܣˣ
ȴסš
ע⵽գʦܣôˣ
գҪٲǸ˶ͷҰˡ
ŷղ԰׵ɫһЩ˵оŵɫԽԽѿ
˵ôЩˣ
ɨһЩˡ
ϷյߣЩˣЩֱ˲ӣ˵ȰǻʵʵطߣһὫЩȫȥʵЩԡ
û
Цˡ
ǰʲô£Щ˵֮ʵҪߣǾ͸׫һЩ£ȥʵЩԡ
һһз𣿡
ʲô
Щֱסˡ
ϵЦⲢ۵ףҪȻһȺôǰô᣿
ЩĵͻȻһɲõԤС
Ȼ˵ȻߣԣǵǬʱ򣬿ֿտģҪߣȻҲֿտյߣ͵Щĸȫι˹
˵ֱӷԸЩڵĵӣϵǵΪٴǵ˫ֺ˫ȡ
⻰ֻЩǬˣЩڵĵҲסˡ
Ͼǿɴûôͺӡ
ЩڵӺܿͷӦ˹
ЩǬ˲ĴŸôŵ
ڵղһ˸еӡ
뵽ǵȥ
ЩǬʶҪ˺ˡ
ǵ˵ʲô
ǲԴǣ
ǿʦõѪˣĵ£ǸҶҶ֣Ͳʦú𣿡
⻰Щڵŭȴǲòͣ˽Ųתͷ˷ա
ֻǲȷտڣһԵž˵ԭǵĵ
ʲô诸߰˴ʮıˣǾһʦ鶼óںЩ֧ķ𣿡
Ҫ׷˵ʱҰǰѵؼ齣Ҳ͸ˣǲµʱǸںЩǵؼ齣
⻰ЩǬ˳׻ˡ
ΪҲʶ˵ûǵ͵ؼ齣ǰʦŶܱѵʮа˾Żѡؼ齣
˲ͺˣҲˡ
ǵϴ
ֻǲǰѻ˵ڣ˵֣
Щڵӵȥ
ЩǬǵĶ֣һҽ쳹Ǭ塭
ҲҪٷЩֱЩǬ˵ȣӳڡ
ȻЩӽЩǬѳĴȫ˷ǰ
ŵ˵ɫźһЩ
ֻ˵ˣЩ¾ͿˣĶǶ˰ɡ
ϾĶǰĴָء
⡭
Щӳһ˵ӵлʦ塣
ϾյԸ˽ⲻģȻѾ˵⻰ȻѾ⣬ҲûƴǵıҪˡ
ֻǴЩС֮ͽ֮ʲôŵɫֱѿȡһƷԪշˣȵɫת֮󣬲˵Ǳߣδ
ΪѾų˻ֻţȫҽΪ诺ĲǲǿԲƽ顣
һ飬Ц˵ô
˭Ʊǿأ
⸱ӣҲʲô춯صñſֱϹѡų
ŵĪһȻ
ǳ֮⣬Ҳ޿κΡ
˭ڵס
ƫƫվָ֤յ洫ӣվƺҲϴˡ
ҪǣǰŸһž˳˳ڣΪĳڴܡ
Ҫ֪ȻһǳڣڴŲڣڵĵٵĿڼȥˣǸССɣʵߵľԪӤΪˡ
һºΪеĽϣԼ콣ľ
콣һλɽڴ佣ֻȹ׽پܽΪɽ
ڷֱ֮ѽС
ΪƷ齣ഫ콣ǿܸкԽս
ֻ콣ΪѾ˽飬۹ҲߣǧûܹԼ
ھȻҷųԼ콣ȻΪѾ콣ֻڽԼ
ϾҪǵԼ콣ʧܣڲԼԼ
ԴˣҲڴ
ΪħЩħĹĺȻͬǳϳΪеĳϺڵĴȴѾˣ¸ŵҲ׺ϡ
ܳɹԼ콣콣İ£³Ĺ
ڹϣҲð֮踣Ϊպϡ
ֻ˵ڶԲס㡣
ϾΪڸ𼸰꣬ȴΪ
ֻ˵Ҫңʶ˲š
żɫԽԽΨΪµĲȣħϡϾ֮ǰն诿ͷΣȴ诺ıѣ֪ڵжô塣
æ˵ˣ˵ˣȺúˣ㡣
Ǭģȥǹʵһϵ
ֻϣЩ΢һЩ
ü΢á
һߣ±ϵͤһźµһƱϣתգܳ콣
ףһӵϥأǡ
ͻȻЦˣƱһָһɣƱ˲ȥ
ͬʱӵɽصǾȥոְɣ


132 
һת˲š
Ľǰ, ϵҲں˸߰˰ˡ
Ҳóǰˡ
ڲԶǾ͵ڵĵؽϡ
ڵĳݣΧڶӽݿҪʮֹ
Ϊ׼ס֮, ŵķģæӦ֮࣬ԼĵӴŷճȥɢġ
Ϊ, նһΪֱ۵˽⡣
ͱ˵ħǰħ, ǰħΪɱ˶ɱ, ڵħޣΪ˺̺Դ
Ϊǰ, ͨײ, ʱʿΪ߻ħ, ڵħޣЩ˵ĺ
Ϊףƿس̶ҪȵڻҪߡ
Ϊռ֮һʯؾǿЩؾÿ׬οڻ˴ʦʦ, ¢һĵҩ
ҲΪʲô֮󣬾ͺԥߵյҪԭ
ϾžϸӵӳʿͼҲӢ޶ûпɱԡ
ҲѹǬϵЩǬĵӲϧʦҲȥͶ诺
뵽, յüͷʱĸˡ
ڸô
Ͼԭ, ڵѹ, ҲòڷųĻ, Լȫ͸Ϊڵĺ
һħֵʱΪ׵ڣȴһСŰǰ, һǧӰڣȫսϡ
ôҲܡֺ
ΪѾΪ诵ħϣɢһЩ诵ҥԣԲսϣһΪ־ʿĳƺţҲϴˢϵЩ
Էղò
ֻʼûõҪ·ӡ
ϾھԵǰһжȻ
뵽յüͷĸˡ
ڵ˽һ졣
ССܵļˡ
˵ע콣ϣֻһԵСɣڸǰŵҲȽϿԲûжע⵽ǡ
ֻЩרŹҪںЦˡ
ԲȷɿһӴⲻǴڣǬ𣿡
ʶͷһ
˿ɲյλǰ
ڵװ֮һ㶣ЦظˣΪñ˾ϲˣ
գ
ŵ˵ɫ˲ͱˣиǻĽʦȻǰ
ϵЦ˲˻ȥȡ֮ľӸµЦңʦ棿
ӵʦ棬ǴײŶԡ
ڵǹ׶۵飬˵ʦ棬Һȥڵǰ𣿡
⻰ŵϵ˲ͽסˡ
һĻе
Ϊʲôҳǰǲˣڣڵ洫ӡ
ˣǻ֪ɣΪҽҷйʦصһƿԪƿԪѾ˳ˡ
˵һڶ
Ϊǰͣһٶ꣬һֱ֪жڱЦ
Ϊʦѵû
У
Ǭ֮⣬һٶӣո˲
οЩӼֻ¶ȲһëԪͷΪ诽׼ģķݡ
˺޼պ诡
Ϊˣؾ֮⣬ŻվָΪ𣬽ʦ壬ɧ诡
Ȼ֪ʵΪסգǧټƵعա
Ϊ֪֮ԴֻΪϲĸס
һϲ˱ŮޣȻͲǰһͷεĺá
ĳɲֹײһΡ
˭诹ϵڵϣء
˶诵Թޣìͷ׼ա
Ķˡ
Ȼһ˵վʦɧ诣ֱӾͶն֡
պҲûлԼ粵
˵ֻҪץסһĻ꣬鵱ס
֮أɾͶˡ
˵մ£ֻ˵ϹȻһЫĳĶ飬ԳΪ෹Ц̸ˡ
ڵȻҲ֪һ㣬ǲȥţΪһڣӲ롣
ڵĴ·񣬾µ࣬ҲֻὫʹ˵ڵ˰ܻ
˵读ѣղټƷֲͷڵͳϣǸӲոԼƽˡ
ҲΪʲôڻųհȫ诺Ļ
ҲΪˣŸôŵվڷյǰ
ˣȥʱǧߵ飬ǰѵƷϵ齣θˣϾЩʦÿ֪һ
ʱҪ©ʲôûǲͳΪںˣֶΣǿɾҪԲ˶ˣ
˵ȷյ˷ӦתͷЩߵڵӣȰǻǾͶȽϺãϾҴ˵ͳˣҲڰɣҪ֪ڹÿ·ӵԴڵ屶ֹ˵ˡ
ԣҲˣǵʣҪܽͽˣαصȵأǻʵʵĸɣ
˵ֱ꣬Ӵﳤȥ
С˵־ȻС˵־
ҵôΪǸʵġ
ŵ˱ȷջҪŭ
Ҫշοǣû£ⲻ˶õġ
û뵽ʲôŵӹ˷յĻ诿϶ŹģΪֻˣŲзĿܡ
⻰˵Ҳ˵û
Ǹǿ϶Źġ
ֻôһĻֻҲŹǡ
뵽˵ʱӵĳˡ
Ҳű졣
ûиǵǣ诲ûгԼʵ¡
ȵ޳˫˫ʱѾڵĴϣΪ˻ڴܡ
ΪڵľѾչ课İ¹ҲյСʦõŮ˵СʦõҲ֮ʱһȣСʦ˳еһĨ⣬ؾ֮еһ֮诵ĸҲıʡ
Ůӽ诵ʦĻ죬һŭΪգԼ诵ľ顣
õĿɲִԵֱʦֵϷݣΪһȻ
Ȼˣ϶ࡣ
ʵϣҲɵȻ֪뻢ıƤʲô³Ҳ֪诲ŹһʼͰԼλãǾǳΪ诵ʵ߹
֪ŮζΪĵ£˵λȴ诽ȵˣȻģû诵鷳
˵ڣ֮⣬û˿ʲô鶼ȥ鷳ôһᷳҲҪһܰЩ˽µˣһѡ
Ϊˣܻ
ͻȻΪʲôᴩˣϾŮҪǷˣǲûˡ
ţԶͻȻһƳ
俪ʼˡ
˷׷̸ͣתͷ˲Զĸ̨
ܿ죬ڵʹһڳϺ˳һʱ֮䣬졣
⣬վڸ̨֮ϣȴȵش˵ĶȮĽ䣬ĳлλԶǧ
ֻ˵С˵ȷʵܲüĿݡ
÷̲סԼڵӡ
գ
ֱƿߣ۲Ϊ
ʵϣμⳡģǸɣвٵɢޣΪڻ˳Ƴﱸ͵ᣬʱµĵҲ˳һЩҩͷֳŻô֡
ȻվͿȺһϮµĹ
գ
գ
գ
ô£
ǰոմԽʱ򣬶ȴôҲҲ
뱻ſȴǰ
Էնʱ˶ˡ
Ҳʱ򣬲֪Ϊնʱ̫ˣΪĹ̫һ룬ٿһתͷ˹
ڷռʱջĿ⣬˶㡣
ĹȻҲע⵽Ķʵôˣ
ĹջĿ⣺ûʲô
ˡ
նʱһ
ûãûע⵽
ҪȻֳ
ҲʱҲ˵˷ϻԽλͬҲΪ˼֤ȮԼ֮콣һϲ¡
˵꣬һӣˣ콣
һڳһľУ̤һľзĹ֮ϡ
ľд򿪵˲䣬һƥѹ˲ϯڣ·ʿķȫ·ľ֮е콣ʾ
һĻֻ̨µҲս˫ȭ
诶ԣһԼ콣ĵλһ¥
ڶԣһԼ콣ħĹô׵ĵλȹ̡
յǸˡ
ΪζʱҪǾ͸ˡ
Ҳֻһһˣ
ôţһߣҲ̧콣
ŹϷâ¶ĳжʱһĨâֻ˵쳹ϿգϣԸ콣޽ƽԼӴԺ콣໥֣ڣ
˵ֱ̧꣬֡
ϵĳ˲·һҪС
Ҳĸվ
ֻһ룬ǸӦʲôͻȻֹͣ˲ķâҲˡ
ϵЦ˲ͽסˡ
ţ
̨Ҳסˡ
ǲŷӦô£
콣ôûжˣ
ǿ侲һһظԸ콣޽ƽԼڣ
һ룬콣Ȼٴβ
ڳ˶ʱһ
ڵһڳϡ
ǲ㻹Ϊʲôӡ
תһ룬ܳʲôأ
Ͼĵһˣ콣һǧһֱԸԼˣΪ£޷Ͻ
콣˷Ϊѡ˭
Ȼһ룬콣ˡ
ֱֱس˹ȥ
һϲһͫһ
ΪѾɵǰ콣ûм٣ӿٶȡ
һԶȥ
˶ʱҲסˡ
Ȼؿ콣ֱֱسſ̨һǼӶȥ
ֱ콣һɲͣ˷ǰ
Ҳʶץס
ʵ֤콣ȷǶɽڴĶ齣Ȼ˰֮ԶԴķâȻӲ˷ͷϴŵñ
գ
ˣһһˡ

ʶؿĹڵķ򣬶ԷȻҲ˿˹
գ
ʲôֳ
ǣ


133 
̨µŷӦ
һʱ֮, 㳡䶯ˡ
ô£
콣ôûΪɵ
˭
ʶ
ȵ, ǲڵ𣿡
գǰɽؾ֮⣬Ĵӽ¶ԼµŮӣҲ»㱻һգ

棬ǲζ콣ûѡѡգ
⻰, 诣̨µɫ˲ͱˡ
ԵŸȫסˣǵɴ۾, , ȴʲôҲ˵
콣ѡգ
콣Ȼѡգ
, ò׷ӦŵֶƮˡ
һĻЩĹʱȤֱֹЩ׼ֵ£
Ȼֱֱա
Ĺ
ͷ´Ʈɣ׷Բ, мɷǵӣȴĶĶ۾
ⲻҪģҪڵһɳҲڷӦ˹
ɫޱ䡣
⡢ôܣ
콣ôԽѡա
һǰ, 콣Ѿ˿ڣԸΪ
ôٿⳡ䡣
콣ȴԽѡա
һںεأڵںεء
ջг
뵽, һڳϵվȵأӣ콫콣
Ҳ׷׷Ӧ
ˣվܳΪ콣Ľ
ջûгɹ콣Լϰ콣
Ҳվ˳λ콣Ѿŵȱ彣ڵ֮ûʧȥĵλ½⡣
ô˵ֻ۾ȴĿŷյˡ
콣һҪ˳ߣ˾ֻܴǵʬϲȹȥˡ
һ㳡˲䰲˶üͷ
Ҳͬ˴ͷβһˮһϵֱӾͽסˡ
ʲôǵʬϲȹȥ
ѵ⼸ԪӤںͽڻǼʮϰٸںԪӤڵĶ
ڵǸڳвǣҪǲ콣ȥǳԲ˶ߡ
뵽¶ŭͬʱ̲סתͷһԵķա
Ͼ콣ڷš
ͬʱ콣ǰ֪Ϊʲôᡭı⣬ǲˣ겻꣬Ѿͻ˳ڣʣǧ궼δУʱգܴһǰգֻǸҽ궼˰ˣɻֻһССĽ𵤳ʿ
Ͳ˵콣ŷղʲôǰ;
Ѿǳرͷգˡ
ҲΪˣɫԽԽѿ
Ϊ콣ȻԸѡİ࣬ҲԸѡ
Ҫǣ⻰콣ɲΪ
ֻΪ콣û壬ǲ֪ǣ콣˿ŰۣҲպпܷɽ磬ǰķȴѾˣԲӶ֪ôѡ
֣ҲΪʲô콣Ҫˡ
һѾһˡ
ʵѾǸˣ
ΪʲôڲͣĴԽ
üͷ΢
Ҳʱ򣬼һֱû˵̲סѵʦܣô죿
Żع̧ͷȻݵĿ⡣
ͻȻЦˣջĿ⣬콣˵˵Ƕɽڴ佣ֻȹ׽پܽΪɽ
콣΢һ¡
΢УڵΪԼ֣ټ㣬ܴӮǰڵʿ𣿡
Լ֣
콣
콣ʱԥˡ
ϾΪһ齣Ҳֻһ߶ѣؼҪ˵ʵ
һ룬ע⵽˷ġѰ˸ܿӦֻϵϢ
ֲһ¡
Ŀһݣͺܼˣ
һ룬ͿȻתͷڵķȻһڿն𣬼Ӷȥ
콣ɵǰһ𣬾עѾû취ߵ͵·ˡ
Ȼˣβһ㣡
ҷÿĶſˣҲûʲôù˼ɵˣ
˶ȻһĻסˡ
̨֮ϵ
ڵӦʱ򣬷Ѿ嵽ǰ
ͫһҲһ
ȻΪʱֻճһᣬֱӻֱۡ
һĻʶȴֱ˸ա
ʶΪԼ콣ԭı齣Ѿͻؽڣˡ
󲻵Ӧ콣Ĳ֮£ٴγ˹
ΪǴľһ䲻⣡
Ȼ书콣ԭôҲǶɽڴܵ佣Խ⣬ôҲһҪǿ
ЩʿαؼϣԼ콣ܹ֮ħĹ
Զ̶̲Ϣʱ䣬˾ͽ˲ʮУһĿɲ
󣬸ڵ˷Ӧ֮ǰ̧һţݺݵؿϣȻֱӷɻڵĿ̨
һߣеȻһѪȻݺݵ˿̨ϡ
Ҳݺݵ˵ͷϡ
һ𵤣ӵ콣֮󣬾ȻΪ
һʱ֮䣬һƬȻ
Żعͷʶһ콣ŵ˳ڳһ˧ƣڵķ
ֻһ룬Լڵĵԡ
գ
ֻܲɫջߡ
ʣʾϺᣡ
̨µһɷס
ΪȻѾµ˽ᷢʲô飬ϾҲ֪շ֮ĵһ飬϶ʰ
ӣ
һ̣Ժֻʣһͷ
뵽ȥ
֪ǣһԵҲǡڴʱ˹ע⵽ҪӣһĨֱӸȥ
˭
Ҳ˿ûԼٵ˼Ըһصסǿ侲ͲĶ
͵תͷ诵
ͫ
ɵҲ֪诶һ˸Ϊʲô
ʱͽ䱸ͬʱҲĻңҧ˵ʦãˣ㲻ǰչҳʲô
ǿһĨЦʦ֣ɽؾʱ򣬶޷˵վҴյĳ˳ߵһݶһһӵġ
⻰һϲֻΪ׼뿪
һ룬һתֻôҲû뵽콣ȻѡˡҺòײŽڣܲû͹һ˰ɣΪҵİȫ룬ֻٳȫһˡ
ģһΪռġ
˵ֱ꣬Ӽһ
˲ͱˡ
ƿڴ诣ȻǸӡ
뵽ʲôͻȻЦˣ诣ѾˣŸոսûãҵĶ֣
ֻ˵ΪҵȷĶ֣ǲˣǸҲٷķ

ͬʱһߣǰ
˼״жʱðɡ
׼˷յˡ
ǳıӵȻڵĵҰ
콣Ȼǽ뿪

ɱڵڵӣһ˵ҲڷӦ˹
Ҫ룬ž˷յ˼
诺Ҳ϶ŹǣȻˣΪʲôɴಫһѡ
վ˳˵콣ڵ֮ôǵڵһλ̫ϳϵ彣˵콣ҲӦڵ֮ŶԣˣҲǴڴġ
󲻵ڵ˿ڣͼ˵Ҫǣ콣Ϊʲôѡϣ
𰸲ѾԺ콣Ϊϣôƾ𵤳Ϊͻ
֪ϵΪһ¥ǻǸνħĹҲڻ¡
⻰ڳɵҲ׷׽ͷӶͷŵ˸ǲ
ϾǰҲûɽڴ彣Щ彣ɷӲô
ĵĿɲ˭Լ콣Լ콣ܲܺĹ࿹⡣
һһؿڵ˲Ťһ˲
˼꣬û
ŵĻɻû˵ء
ʲôڵĵҰ
ѵˣǰɽؾҲ׾Ͳһ𣿡
˵꣬Ųͣ
Щڵĵл˵Ҫԣ֮Զճ֣Ϊ֪ܣȻԼĵв֮ġ
𣿡
ⲻ֪ŵȵľ仰˵ˣǿǿڿ˵콣ڵ֮콣ȴѡ˺ϵ޽Լ
ǵ˼ǣǵ֮ö񲻷֣ȻѡһƷеӵˣ
ʲô
⡪
Щڵĵ˲Ǻ
û
ڳҲ̲סٴνͷӶ


134 
ôҲû뵽, ô仰Ĺ򣬾ͳ׵ڡ
ƫƫССŶڶǣαظһȺ˵ôķϻ, ֱһɱǾǡ
ҧгݵԵ, ֪֪治֪, ˵콣ǱɱҲһ
Ѿ˺ˣŵ˵ô˵鶼ûкʵͲһɱأ
֮ǰǲҷֻΪ˶, , ˶֪
⻰, ǰսõʿ̲סߵˣ
û, ϾԲ顣
ҶŮĻʲôģҼǵõĴϾȺе, ôڵȰǵôϴˡ
ǾͲ˰ɣڵĳ϶µĻ쵱Ȼʲô£ǸãɵˣȻˡ
ЩмڲסĳôŹôõһĻ, οһر, ֪֪治֪, ôܲȥء
ڵĳϣĶĻ죬ƺҲֲѵҰɣ
Ŷˣϲǲɵ񡣡
˵ǵõĳµʦ, ǰݷȵĳϣΪ͵ԹеݶݷͨջڣѾʵݣȴǽս˵ãֻΪܲ
ݷηڵҲֻܴʣλµʦڻ÷ˮ
ˣõλϣ˵ȺȢλˣɵǣλ˶ڼ޸֮ûþͱˣɵǣÿһˣΪͻƣǲŷ֣ԭ޵ֻϧЩСɣŮӣ˵ûûˡ
⣬ҲΪʲôܹڶ̶̲ʱȡڣµףһռ֮һʯؾ¢һĵҩͷҪԭ
ЩСɺɢ޺αΪһЩҩͷۿŻݣͲԶϹμⳡǺ޹ϵĽء
ϾһʺܻһΪ˿ţֻҪõ˾ͶСڡԿ֪ڵжۡ
ͬԤϵһСɵĵӵɫˡ
ΪԶԶЩ鲢֪ɼ״Ҳüͷ
ֱðƽЩССɳĸǰô
Ҳ֪÷˵ȥ͸Ӳʰˡ
ֻҧгݵˣ˵ЩЩħΪĹϵɢҥ԰ˡ
Ҫ콣Ĺ⡣
ţȣȻ̹Ϊʲôͽгǵʣ
˵գתͷ̨ɵʿλѾأ
˲Ͼ˭еӺԵģĵٷŭ
ٳû˳ͣŲЩż
˼״ʱ¶˳͵Ц
һߵĹüͷһҲЦˡ
ǰͲԽԽá
ȻˣһЩ˵ԭ򣬲Ҫ
վԵħ޼״Ҿ˵غеҪȣںôأ
һҲ˵û콣Ϊʲôûѡѡϣ˵Ϊ׾³çµԸ񡣡
⻰˲һ뿴Ĺڵķ
û뵽˸ðŵڵķգΪڵ˵
ٿڵˣˣ
ﲻһˬ
Ҳ̹ˡ
ΪȻ϶ĲУﻹǺάģҪȻҲվ
ǰܹյĶݵЩʿ״βѡ
ɣδʶİ˶վΪ˵Ϊ˵ȴηηģǺڵȺ޳Сʲô
뵽һҧ׷˵ûҪȣںôأ
һף

Щ˲ڳ˶ɵһ˲뿴̨ϵ
ʱ˵˰ɣҪȻΪʲôҽҶʣ
ս˫ȭֻ޲û˷յ˲źá
Ϊ֪յ˼Ȼڴ֮ͥҪʣǾ˵༫п˵Ǳݵġ
һ๫ʵ³ç
ƫƫĿ֮£ܾܾǺͲʲô
ͷնʣʱǻ˵ܵɱΣôܸԼһ߲
ֻҧ˵ˣȥ说
⻰һԵҲƿ˲ˣۿŷյˡ
Ҳ֪ൽʲô
诺ܿͱˣһ֣̿һֱ̨ӳʦ֣Ĳ֪ôһ¡
ɫһ䣺ʦ֣ˣ
˵ţæҵشӴָóһƿҩ
诹ĵһǹƣ΢ãѾҩˡ
ʵղȥĶˣ
诶ʱ¶һ˿ĵɫΪĻɣҧ촽˵ҸոЩȥһéޣһʦ֣ҲǴ֪﷢顭
״ﲻЩΣҲû˵ʲô
Ҳʱ򣬼ڵĵӴҴ˹˵סɱˡ
ʲô
һƬȻ
ڵɶܲڵڵƤӵɱɣ
ҲͲ֮Ϊһˡ
ֻηԾɱڡ
˿ڵνˡ
ⲻҪģҪǣѾ˵Ǳԩˡ
ڵЩϵˡ
뿴诣˵ôһ£
Ҳ
ˣȻˣ֮һء
˵תͷ诡
û뵽课ȻֵرǻҪ𾪣ʲôʦηԾˣ
һжǴʦĻѣ
ɽؾվ¶վ͵诣诵Ѫһ߿ܣǵ¡
诵ȷͷβû˵ʲô
üͷɿ˲٣诰һ
ҺõʱǸվ˳ҪȻҲʵɸԼѡ
ڿɻʱ
ţͺۿŷڵķ򣬼˵ʦҲǹģֻǱʦɱˣʦǰ˵һЩֵֹĻһ£Ϊˡ
˵ʶʲôæĿڵʦҷģĲǹģ磬ֱҵĻ֪꣬˵滰Ǽٻˡ
һĵ׵ƽҲǱߡ
ϾҪûйôҷųĻĻ
ȴЦˡ
ʲôǰ˵һЩֵֹĻЩķ룬ȻʵնĻ¡
ˣ˳㻹ϴԼ
ŭ˵˵㱻ɱˣ
ã㵱ʱǱɱˣǲô˵Ҳٶ꣬Ҳٶʦյڵʱ򣬻أϵɽ»𺣣Ÿ˼Ʒ굤Ҫõҩģ飬غܶѶǵðɣ
⻰˶˵ͷ
ûһǵõʱһǧˮθһһ顣
Ҳǡ
ˣٴεһ
Ʒ굤
Ҫ֪ƼƷҩҪõŵرʯĻֱһڵˡ
֪Ϊ诸˶١
ţҪϣΪһлڣ
ؿ㽫ϴڱϽȫҡ
⻰еƽ˲䵹ա
ˣɽؾȻû׿ָ֤գҲûֹճְ
Ҳ˵յǲĶĻ죬诵ĵȷȷͷˡ
ţΪĲҶѻ𣿡
ѻ˺һСıѻߵʶͻֻΪ诸ҷųĻΪƶʱỤηڵȨƣ϶ô
Ƿȴֱס
ɲ读ô棬²诰˳ʲôܹѻֶΡ
ҵʱҪѳǰġ˵ʲôֵֹĻɾƺҲϴˡ
Ⲣվʰ
ѻˣԲТȴܲȡ
⻰һɲͻȻϮ诵ͷ
ţվ˵Ҳ׷ʲôҲԼһѪȫι˰ǣֻҪǰϵĶȫֱӶ
诵ûס
ԭûʵնĻȻϴԼû뵽͵ʴףҪղ֪ٶ
ȻܴӦ
һᣬͨһֱӸչˣʦҵʱĲǹģҵʱֻ̫Ҳ̫ˣûܼʱֹʦ֡
ǷոĻҲòôȻˣȰ㻹ϰɣڼҴҵ󣬶ôϲ㣬ΪǲҪҵӦò᲻Ӧɣ
ʶ
ɫȻˣؿһֲۣǵѪֻۣ˵֮ǰɽؾȷ³çˡ
诲ˣҲܵƭֻȻͷϣǵĻҲȥȻˣǾȰ˵ģѶ㣬ĵ˵
⻰һ˵ɫˡ
诵ɫȴˡ
ӣڵֻҪùˡ
ҪǣҲ϶϶
ǿˣһת콣Ĺ⡪
Żع
ˣҪӦ콣׸ô
ѿڶ콣ڣ
ȴһ㶼ˣһǾ仰콣ڵǰģȻ޿ɺǵ飬콣ڵǰģӦŶԡ
󲻵ͼ˵ȻǸиĵ˭Ҳ˭ǲڳĸλˣ
⻰յЩʶ˵˵û콣ԭڵǰģԹȵλȻҲʸ̳콣ġ
콣飬ʸԼѡԼˡ
ɵ˼״һ֮ǰ˵ĻĬĬؽһ
ڱԼ˶ڣûЩССɷҪ콣Ժ󻹵ˡ
Ȼˣûɱһɱڵ棬˳ҲԼһڶ
뵽ݷȵ˵͵ûʵڵϿɲ콣УΪپһЩȻҲܻħĹ
Щһ򿴲ڵоҲվ˳ԴΪأ

һʱ֮䣬ɶ˷ߡ
㡢ǡ
ŷӦ
ԭźͷҪ诶Ǽ٣û档
֪ʱͻȻסŷգȥеֻ˵ȻλѶô˵ˣȻð֮踣콣ˣ
⻰ʧ˵
ֻһ룬˵ֱѹ壡
Ÿ˷ܲѣúúá
û뵽ǾȻĴŻ콣
ȻҲڳ׵ˣ˷Ļᡣ
ȴ˲ϸˣתͷڵķ򣬿ĻŵӰ
ĵ׵ĸ˲һɨա
ڷ˴Ľ䣬ȴΪ˼£ﻹдˣûһ˾Ͷɢˡ
һ̶ӣͽЩĿȫдȥڡ
ôôࣿ
Ȼ׼ǿǰʮҳĵӣˡ
ȵȡ
诵Ŀ˵Ӻʮҳϣѿڶѵؼ½ǡ
ʱӦ˹Ŀڵѵؼ½ô£кЩҸûм
ڵֻ˵Ŷ˵Щ͸ĸ׵ĶĸծŮ쾭壬ˣΪЩͳʱ䶼ܾˣϻרŶһϢϣ⡣
Ļֱ
ֻǲһԵֱ˵ˣģҸվȥڡ
ڵӶʱЦˣǾͶлˣӸǡ
Ҳߡ
诵ȥҪͣ˵Ȼȥɣڲ㡣
˵꣬课ͱµסˡ
ıӰ诵˲Ťһ˲
ս˫ȭҧгݵգ
һߣҲ˵˷ʨӴſڣ͹һʮҳ嵥顣
ǵ˲͸ˡ
ͿΪһŮˣ㶪Ҫȥôණ
һ԰ף̫Ѩף诵
ϾŮô¡
ͻȻЩգֻҲûã
Ǻ棬ΪʲôղϣΪʲôͻȻ콣ø𣿡
˵ΪͻȻ뵽ǣЩħڲҪյˡ
ֻԭΪħ˻϶֣Ϊǻר˲ٵ׼һֱħ˶û
û
ǰһħĹֻҪһֵġ
ȵܾ˵ʱٳ֮ˡ
ʱյЩֶص
Ҳֻܱܵ衣
뵽ս˫ȭ
Цã
ȥڵˣõʱ콣ıħߡ
ǲ֪ǣͬʱĹЩҲ˵ղΪʲôֱӶ֣콣
Ͼյ콣֮ʵȻǣҪǵΪپһЩħѣǲòġ
ĹȴΪ⣺һƽѣܱδҲ̫Сˡ
Ĺһ㶼żǸͷȤ
ܺ棬һʿƾʲôڽֻǵõһƽ£͸Һڽа壬Ͳ
Ĺˣ˵ڽǸͷ壬յӣ
£ǡ
ĹߣҲȥո֡


135 
Ųɵ, ܿ侲
֪Ѿڳ׽˳£ôܲأ
Ϊϸ붼֪콣ǶɽڴļƷ齣, ˼λѾչؼ꣬Ҳ֪ܻѾ͵͵ȥ˵ĻԼı֮, ûзƥС
Ȼ, ôô׵ľͷˡ
һкС
ĵһ, , ʵ
ֻǽȴԸ
֮Щɢ޾Ͷ侲
֪ڵڣʵǿһر, ôðŵڵķգڡ
ټֲ, ʲôĳĶн, ֻе߸ɢ޺ʮӣЩɢҲ鷳, ҪȰǰ鷳ƽ, ֻǽʿ, ֻʿ
ԣ˵ʧǲܵġ
ֻܼϣڷ콣ĸ£ΪܾһЩħٴ֮ǰ, ܺħĹƽ֣ҪȻǾˡ
ȻվⲻҪʧһΣϾԼѾй̵ʶˣԸûбϣ
ſľֻʣ¸ṩһʵ
һ, ԼµĵӲ֮һȥ̷գȻˣҪЩܳ콣ѧһаʽ͸ˣȻְսŵʮµȫǬ塪
ΪԭǬµĵӲǶΪȸϳ˵ǬϵҰݶ쳤˵ĴȸˣǬҪһµӡ
Ҳ£ռĹ
վһԵźڸĵһ
ţôˣ
գ
鸴ӣһǾϲһǾ
ϲΪ֮רȥĹȴûܲ鵽йİϢԭЩʧû뵽һת۶Էͳĵӡ
Ͳöˡ
ŵ˭˲ùغһүү
ɻɣſ֮ĻֻĽ֮顣
һ뵽Žүүӡ
գ
ôõĺദĻᣬЩ᲻á
ԷֻĬĬز࿪Ĺȫò
Ȼ˵û¡
ɣ
ЩӾȺУսԼ
ʦľ˫ʮ꣬˲Ϊң콣Ҽ
⻰ϵ콣˸ƺ뿴
һĻĵҲһ˷ܵʦã׻ʮ꣬ĲΪӽңһ콣Ҽϡ
գ
Щ˶ǳ콣ģӦҲ⡣
뵽˼
һֵĹֻ˵ӹġ
ֱӽӹĻǽϵŶʮ꣬ѾԲΪҼףĴʺϲ
գҲٺò
̲ס࿴ĹһۣڵĹһɫۣīƮüĿ촩¡
ͺܲ
˵ͷһжʦֵİš
Ĺ
֪Ϊʲôܾ÷տĿⲻ̫һʦӵĿ⡣
ȻͻȻ֮ǰ֮ϣ诿Ļ顭
Ӧ˰ɣ
ĹɫѹЩֵֹ뷨
ͺá
Ǳߣż˵ΪڻڵĵؽϣԾи׼Ȼڣٸǲһʦ䡣
ʲôȲˣʦܣĶڵѾ͹ˣҪȥ𣿡
˵Щզࡣ
Ȼ֪յãôҲû뵽յôá
ϾЩǻĸŮ϶ѾڹĶҪˣҪ֪յĳ;עܴʦöٵЩôĿ֪
ţǶҲӵ
նôãǻ֪㣬ĹΣ̰޶ȡ
֪ˡ
룺ɣЩһ룬ʣµһֱӸС
ûҪȥϸˣΪڿ϶ĶҪȻǲǰֳɵЦ͵
һ㶣æ˵УЩҵԴôҪҲȱ㶫
ֻ˵ҪҲŵƽ޹ʵðⳡա
Ŷʱ˵ԵĻˡ
Ϊͬ˵ﲻٳϺ͵ӱʵݾԹԵġ
Ҳֻ̾˵ðɡ
ټӣϢǣЩһ뽫ӵϣһ벻ǵӻǳϷù׵۶һ
֪Ժÿ¶쵽˫Դ֮ЩڵٿյĿȻ˺ܶԹ
ҵڶ죬Ǿ̤˷̵·
ֻǷȴ˲
ΪŽǰȴʲôҪܱܣܲץӷ
ǺϢҲеģ콣֪ǰʿһָյרΪͲʿƣǳɱ󣬶Ҳ֪ûе
ˣȴѾˣ˻ָϣ
ֻǰŻصڣŷվײĹŵŮΧסĳ档
ĹһȺ֦չŮмЦ̵ӡ
գ
ͷûüڣҪȱ
ôˣôÿķһ򿪷ţôܻ᲻˶ϡ
նʱ˶ˡ
ŶûˣҪʲô
ԵϣͱĹͻȻ˵ӽ쿪ʼϵһӦͶ㴦ˡ
㶣ɻʦЩ鲻Ӧöʦֹ𣿡
Ĳ㹬ʦǱߣаš
ֻѹĵ׵ɻ󣺡ǡ
գˣȥ㹬ʦֽйЩҪ˵
˵սȥĹüͷ΢
͹ȥ
һţŵһŨζȻͿնһ˳
յ˵ãҳԵ㶫
Ĺ
ûмǴĻʿ֮ͲҪٽʳˡ
ֻǸССʿҪʳ
ֻ˵ʦ𣬵ڲ
ȴ˵ҲԹһ㣬㡣
ſζĹԭҪܾĻȴˣã
ȵعʱѾˡ
һֱûжӣյһŽζô
Ĺ
ûпĻõԼùĿӡ
Ĺʱ˶ףʵҲС
ΪͷͱȽϴ󣬺Щ˲̫һûоöİɣ
Ĺûж룬ֱӼǿͽ
Ȼͨ㣬⻬ۣζ
Ĺ۾
յȻȲЩĪغζ
Ĺ룬ͷջ㲻ķϣ֮󣬵ǿ԰°ȥרŸˡ


136 
տɲ֪ĹѾ˰°ȥ⡣
ĹԵ, ȴ˵һûилء
Ĺʲô
ָһըȣ֮ǰڣҪվ˵˼仰, ܴܲȫ˶һ
Ĺû뵽վȻǵ飬һµֻǲ鵽Щ¡
ʱսеĿӡ
Ҫ֪ڵĵݿһĹ¶, һĹ¶ôô¡
òɷǲѾµݡ
뵽˲һĨΣâ
Ȼ˵ҲΪ콣
ĹɿеĿ, Ϊ, һͷӶ, ʲôµġ
Ǹȣҧһ, ˵ǰ
ҪҪôԸ
գǲԺÿ춼, Һ콣һô
Ĺ
⣬ӵֶΣ
Уʲô
ڲӦһ̲ͣæԼΪ
Ȼʱ
ʦͽϵôǢ
ô˵ʿϲľԼĵҡ
Ĺ
ҪǷһ뻹ڸлֻҪΪնĻˡ
ҲԽ, նôģĶĵԼܺڡ̨
Ȥð
ص˵ͷ
ӽţͲЩŮӻ
ĹҲܿ鵽˸淽ĺô
һ, ڵЩŮǲˡ
֪ЩЦˣһָɴֱڵĳ嶯
飬ǿԼϷԼҲرæԷνĽ̵ʵÿϴһ, ȻһȻͲٹˡ
ͷƺؿڸ֮ѾǸʿˣȴһһͲ䣬绹Ҫһ̵ġ
ΪڸŷԷճԷʱȻٲķݡ
оǷƺرϲȫ˻
ԵȵһߣȻôô
˵˾ͳԵģ˾˳ڷյĴ˯һ
ҪǷȻ۾ϵζͦŵģҲǷ˵ģ˵ĻȥϢһҲôס
ĹѲҲʹӦˡ
ϾſſڴϿ
ҪǣѾȷˣͷӦֻим֮飬ûĲ˼
ҪȻĻͷЩʱֶܲţ
Դˣձʾ
ûֶţǻ治ΪʵˣΪ°Ĺֱܡ
ϾӢСϷСܣǽе顣
һӵϺϷò꣬ǽй¡
ҪǣҲæ
һҪһҲҪǰΪ̫޷ڶʱ֮ڽ׼
Ͼڿɽѹء
Ȼˣʵ޷ǰ£ҪܹħĹڵһأ
һͽܳصȻ
ʱȻѾˡ
ǰ콣תţ
Ǿ콣ԣǵܹ֮ǰһ֮һΪ䲻⣬Ϊϵ
ԾŵΪߣõ콣֮ҲһħĹһϵĶ֡
ȵȡ
콣
˵콣һλɽڴ佣ֻȹ׽پܽΪɽ
Ϊ޷ǰ£Ϊʲô콣ϲһء
ɸɣ
Ͼڿ콣Ľ콣ʵˣ൱ʵ
ã콣ζΪɽ
뵽üͷһ
⣬衤ȵӾĵĲͷ졤ֻŷռȮ첻Ŭ
ƴ콣ȵһٰͣ¯һأϲڵĻҳĥ
콣ܲ˳Ϊɽ˵
ڴ֮ǰҪںħ֡
Ҿ콣ܹ˳ΪɽҲסںħʱһڣ诺Ǹ߸ϵˣЩˬˣ
Ȼһ֮ܳΪһڣ˱ʵǿ֮⣬Ҫԭռ֮һʯؾ¢һĵҩͷ
ʯؾȻǶʲôֽŵģǵҩͷͲһˡ
ҪǣмؿʼѾʮֻ꣬Ƶҩͷ
ҲΪʲôڽֻһʦʦ¢һĵҩͷ
Ĵιҵ֮վãҪһҵϾʿзɽͨſǧﴫǿһȫԶҩ߷ߡ
ʱǾͿü۸ĵҩ߷סɵˣ񵱳ĽһȻٺڡ

뵽
һߣĹҲ㱨ħԼյǱߣֻ֪ɽෲ˹˲ٿʯҩĻʲôģûдˣڵյĵ
ֻ˵˵ţ͵
Ϊŷ֣ĹھȻյĴϡ
£
ǲʲôط̫Ծ
Ĺյ
ŷӦæصܰʿָòĵҩ
ĹĶһ١
ָò
ͷǱ说̼ģʶԼаûʲôˣ
ʵǵħ𣿡
£Ӧеġ
ϾƷʦĴУħв
ͷķ˵ζķϣĹֻ˵Ǿһݹɣ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôͦͷʱʲô
£ǡ
ʲôط̫Ծ
û죬͵ˡ
õĹ࿴˰ʱĻ˯ѵʱ춼Ѿˡ
׼ȥʱżŶ
Ĺһ㶣ʦ֣
ĹЩӣԼڵ裬˹֣λʦ֡
ĿЩŵĹϹʳͻϣǣ
˵Ŷʦɨһ·䣬˳ʳ׼á
Ĺǰɡ
ֱӽӹһĻŷ־Ȼ쿴Ļ¾
ĹԭҲûж룬ֱЩ˵˵ʦı仯е󰡣Ѱյѧġ
ţ
Ĺʶʵϡʦǰ𣿡
⻰һӻصʦ嶼ǽˣﻹҪʳ˵ˡ
Ĺ
һЩ˵⻰Щ鰮ģ˵ʦǲǶ读ûأŴЩѧһЩ׷˵ķӡ
˵˵ʲôôɴ˵ʦ˼ϲʲôˣԲѧ˷͵Ű׷֮˩סθء
ѾͶιһ£θ˩ʵʵĹ
ЩӣҲǡ
Ҳ֪ʦ̫ãҲû˵ʲô
ִ˴ʲôתͷĹˣʦ֣ôʱΪʦҲ㰲˺ܶ񣿡
󲻵Ĺش߶ˣЩæˣʦĻȫƸңҸ֣ڰæҩģʯҹϻҪ˼Ҵɨ䣬һϢġ
˯˯˳ԣ˾Ϳ仹ҪʰĹ
Ҫǻ֪Լڷĵλж⣬ҲͲħˡ
ѹͷæĽŲմأȴɼǵðʱ
ѹͷĻô£ԭûǸ׼ġ

Ϊͷڽʱ򣬴ӲأΪûж𲻸˼ʵͷȴи֮󣬾Ͱ嵽Ϣ
뵽ⴲţϷҲⴲţĹӶˡ
Ҫͷӣ


137 
֮ǰ, ڷĲͦζķϣʱһֻ°ȥӡ
ǸͷӾȻɫ, ޳, ǰ˼
ѹǸͷѾ, Ѿµʵ, ȴװʲô֪ԭǴ⡣
뵽ĹĲӸˣ
ġ
һҪǸͷǧУٴ֪ðħʲô³
ԡ
ͷӿһ㶼Ҫֻǵضɫ⣬ôðɥ֮Σǡ
ϼһ֪Ƕ¯ʵ, ͼ, ˳Ԫ, ʵµ, һ˫
뵽Ĺ, ǽ, ѹǵ͵ˡ
ʲôʱߵ֪
ֱ²ԣӲͷƤӰ˳, °ѸյĵˣҪֱӸ͹ȥ𣿡
յ
Ҳ֪ϼһͻȻҸյΪʲô
Ĺжʱֱð
뵽ʲô, ͻȻЦ
϶빴͸һֺη
ϾδҲ̫ˡ
ⲻ֪ԽˤԽңȵ϶ΪԼҪĿĵʱ, һŰ߿
Ҳ֪ʲôϻƨá
˵Ǿ͸ȥɡ
¿ĶѪĶ䡭
⡢ôϵġ߳ŭ
صɴۡ
⻹ǲһ
ȻʲôطԾ
һ뵽ЩǼſյĴϿĳԼеŸյĵͻȻˡ
ǵʲôһ֣ػصǡ
Ĺɲ֪ЩԲʲôȷǺ˲١
뵽ڴ֮ǰҪ̷յġоĹ˾ֲˡ
ǽļ죬Ĺ͡ˡ
ǽȴȫһ
ԷʱС̫̣˳һ١
ˣֱӾͼʣµǰСɾͽ˵ŹȻˣʵȴǰСֱȥ
еʱ򿴻̫ˣʱ䣬͸ɴռ˷յĴסˡ
תڸϴ衣
ֱ콣ϴ·ֱӾ콣ϴ·ؼϴ֮󻹲͵ӵһᣬûϴɾҪ֪ʱϴĿ¡
ڵҲ֪׽ŪգǷڵϷ
뵽Ĺˡ
ԴˣҲΣΪѾˣû뵽һֹǧټƵ˳
콣ǰһ뻹˵ķУһͱչؽ¯
Ҳˣôˡ
Ĺôһ£һҲˣ˰鳣ջͱ֩
콣ʲôʱܹί
ƫƫպرϲͽܣûֹĹΪŰ
;ŷոĹТͽһѵ
Ĺˮӡ
ֻǾò׵ȵһûᣬϾҪĹʱĹǱһ˫۾һͻȻһŰĻǿ͹ʯͷ˽ŵס
콣
ûӦĹһЦȻһŰ߽ˮ
⻹ҪģҪǾҪˮʱȴͻȻһεѹصѹϣôҲ
ƫƫʱΪһλؼʦɽȥˡ
콣ʱǽһ첻Ӧеصز顣
ڵڶϣǹεѹͻȻʧˡ
Ȼ˲ĹˣǻŲ·ôķա
ԣԣǸĺܲԾ콣֮ǰϸ޾ϸȫ˷գǸĿ϶һССʿҪȻôѹƵסҡ
뵽ʲô˵ħޣǸһħļϸʵڳ֮ϡ
ΪʲôļϸǴڳģЩϹ֪ܲ
գ
žȻô
۸Ż״ŪŪ˭
Էյüͷ˵пܣȻô޼ɵĶ֣Ҳ±Ƿ֣ȻΪܹ׾ٵʰǵĵ
콣Ŷ
գԴ㲻׽Ū׽ŪɣһҪȰס
ȻúʲôطԾ콣æ˵á
ˣˣã뵽˼ְʵķԵһ֡
콣
Ҫƽˡ
һ뵽ĹǸˮѹһϵ£һҧá
ţɽʱһҪǸչĺÿ
ĹҲû뵽۸콣£ȻЧ
ߣչҲһ˳˵ԭֻһؼʦʦ֣û뵽ǵġѡһȺؼ켶ʦʦ֪֮󣬷׷״ԼĴ
Ϊˣյصس˰ʱĹСɡ
ֻΪЩĹĹ͡
Щ鶼ʱȴͷˡ
ԭܼ򵥣ⶼ¹ȥˣõ콣֮󣬲ûа˲˲١
˵ȥ˭Ű
Ҫǣջһ㶼żӵ˷ʱȥоôȰûá
ʱ䣬Թֶ˺ܶࡣ
ھʱڴϢ˵ͨɽؾǰˡ
ͨɽؾ֮ǰɽؾһܹеȼʿĴؾԴҲΪḻ
Ҫǣǰͨɽؾҵһöϴ
ϴϴȥʿеֻһõ칦Ч
Ҳ˵ϴܱɵ
ȻˣԹϴʿ˵ٶȿ϶ҲȲԭװĵˡ
Ͼԭе˼һֻ֣ʣһȻܱȵù˼ңôҲԭһϺȵʱҪǿ
Զ˵ѾΨһĳ·ˡ
˷ա
˵ŵ⣬ֱӾʹӦ
ΪϴϾֶǱҩܲҩԵķϲʣɲóϴ֮󣬾ܺ
ֻΪǰЩҵЩŵرѾĵĲˡҪǽ콣Ķ
ΪռᶨΪǹϵĹʿִĵһһ֡
Ϊعһʿܹ֮ΪѾ˼£Ҳ㹻ܹ׵ĺ
Է콣ʵֶҲܼ򵥴ֱιָĸ߼
ԭڷȥĶأͨɽؾǰţֱٺòˡ
ô˵ˡ
ͨɽؾڵļ֮£ÿһ꿪һΣÿζųǧͨСţÿζֻõͨƺǿڷõ콣ķϣھȻһʮͨ
ԷȻľͰĹˡ
ȻȻ诺


138 
յ, ԭںɵų̸ЦϵЦ˲͵֡
Ͼۺ죡
ٿߵĹˣڵһɳ˲Цˡ
ͨɽؾȻɽؾһ, ܹеȼʿĴؾ, ҲΪˣΪʿôõһᡣ
ͨԣЩΪϵ͵ʿ˻ˮ, Ϊʱпܱؾ֮Ǳص޶, Ϊǵв, ֻһСľ;ܶᱦֳʱôĶ֪
һ֮ͻȻôͨҲǵǵʱԳû, ŷյʱԶ˱İȫ
վȻ˼ڵĵӹװ˷ڵһġ
ԡ
ǲ, ڿɲڣֻһССɣԭǸʹղʮˣԲڵĵӴ
뵽ڵϵĳ֮Ũˡ
ڵ, жʱ, æ, ˵ʱͷλѶӦˡ
ɵΪ˷ڵؾ֮жǶ, רŻ߼һЩ֡
ȻֻյѺܹݵԸⲻձǡҲӦڽӵǵԮź֮ᾡϹȥǡ
Ļ, ʿ˵˵˵
ڵҲɵ֪ܲ⻰ʵھ, Ȼ٣˲ٰ֣ҪԸǣûôס
ǵЦ
ʵϣһλûרڵĴ㡣
һΪͨɽؾȻǸɱԽĺõطͨɽؾɽؾҪֹǽȥ֮󣬽ĵص㼫пԶҲ˵ǻûʱȥѰǵټһпҲǣʱǲͰװ˷ôõһѰԴĻ
ΪǾħôˣҲöˣôõĻǵȻ
Ǻαضһ١
ڵѰ·
Ϊûв´ĻڴеĿӦҲϴ
Ծħûɱǣ˵ܵȵڵͶ
ֻ诣װһŷȻʧɫֹӡ
ֱǰһʦȴֵʦ֮ᷢŭͽܵģ쾡¡
⵱ȻǸģϾǺòײĶĻ죬Ĳǹճֵ顣
ԱЦˡ
зյĸڵӿǴ粽С
ҪͱڵȺǻ̻ˡ
Ͳ÷ǵ³ԽԽá
ȻҲ˿еĲƹܣҲС
ֻһΣȴû˰ڻա
ΪҲ˵ˣⶼȥĸˣյΪһûС
ż˷ʱȥʲôܹԼƵҩͷĻ
ҩͷҪô׾ƳɹĸƷʦʦҲͲһƶùˡ
ϾԽǸƷ׵ĵҩͷֶξԽӣԲעпܵǰ
Էմ˾ٲǳ˵ΣԱ
ЩССɣһǻ֮⣬Ϊ¼ǧǣ֪а˳ɵĿ֮ﻹŵڡ
ҪҲַֻܹԼˡ
ûãؼͻȻ
±˺ؾҪˡ
˶ʱҲ˲Ϸյˣ׷תͷԶɵɽ͡
ԣһɫ˨˵ϣץǽȥ֮ɢˡ
æץǸɫ
һ룬ҵͨͱһ۵İ׹⣬һת
ȵǻعʱѾؾ֮ˡ
ǽλûһ֮ϣȥ֮ڵ۵ס
ҪǣԱҲûʿ䡣
ŶʱһȻתͷյˣ⸽תһתȷһڵλãȻѰϴ
ȴ˵ô鷳
Ȼֱתͷ
һ˷ܵվ˳ֱֻӴӴͳһѶ
ŵҲǴִԽģǾһܹóЩȻһܼ˻
ֻʶٿЩ˻ȥΣա
ֿմùһƽԵĶһ룬ƽԵĻˣϸϸܵСĻ֮ϡ
Ĺüͷһ
ʲô
˷ܵһ״̽ϵͳ̽ⷽԲʮڵеʿޣŵر
ܵЩƶԲľʿޣԲʿСԲޡ
Щ޷ƶδǴֲ
Բ㣬λǣɫԽζĶʵԽǿ
ɫǳڵʿ켫켶ֲ
ɫڼµʿƼͻƼֲ
⻰˲ΧʶЩ׵Աߵıעôһ£
ʶؽЩע˳˼Ʒֲ
ЩƷֲػǵԼ״ϵͳҲɨǷûУЩ׵ԱһƬհףֲޡ
ŵͷӦ˹ЩէʿֲǣؾЩôܲǵĴڣȻͻЩ޺ֲЩ׵Ա߲ŻһƬհס
û
ŷӦ⡢ôܣ
ģǲζܹ׾ٵҵЩŵرһܸĻʾܿʿЩʵǿޡ
ЦЦ
ôܣ
Ǿ仰ϵжɵġ
ǿԸʿɢжΪһԺĻҲܹ׽ЩЩǿжǵʵ
Ȼˣյûǿһ˾ܰƽԺ˻οʱҲ
ʵֻŪһ׼򵥵״̽ϵͳһϵͳѡ
ϵЩ˻ʵһӰʯͷһϵͳϼͼķ󷨺Ƴɵġ
ЩҲͲֻ˵Ծ֪ˡ
ĿĻϵΨһһɫϣֱȥ￴ˡ
ŵ˵˵ã
Сʱ˿еĵؼֲݣٿһԸոձǺɱʵ൱ԪӤڵޣͨ죬ľþòƽ
һ˲
Ȼģ
ôܣ
ֻ¾ѵһѰҲȲס״ϵͳ
ֱ˵ҪǲŵĻҸطһԡ
ŵ˶ʱӦ˹Ǽѣߣȥһط
켫ڣ
ʿĶ
һʯ󣬲ɣֻҪƷʯͼƷʯ

ŴָĶԽԽ࣬ŵ˵ҲӲŵٵϲ񡭡
ſűĴָѾľˣ㻹ˣ
˾͸˵ˣƮˡ
⼸Ѱŵر㹻ò֪ٱˡ
ĹҲ̲ס࿴˷һۡ
û뵽ͷⱾ¡
ôһĻֻͷ°ȥǲеСˣ
Ĺʱüͷ


139 
, մŵؾ޼ɵո
ȻˣҪǳŷ, ΪҪɲʿ
Ĺ𡭡Сɺͷǧռʳâꪡ
Դˣƴ˰Űǰĳ޽ġͷһڸĹ⴮콣
ǲʲôطԾ
ԼƷһĹײİţ
ǲʲôطԾ
ŷӦ
ȵȡ
ͨɽؾѵΪϴ
ôŵرˡ
ҲŷӦ˹ǰ
Ҫ֪ͨɽؾֻŰ, ⶼȥʮˡ
Ŷʱͼˡ
ǲҵϴ, Ǿҵôŵرʲôء
գ
ֻ˵ǽרעѰϴˡ
ϱߺѾߵò, Ǿߺˡ
Ѿڵ˲ٵ󣬶һѸյҪõĲȫˡ
һ뵽֮ᷢ飬յͲһĺá
ŵ˵á
һأʱ̴ߴ, һ˸˲ѰȻ, ǡϵĻǻ˳ִߵġ
ֻ˶̶̲ʱ, ͰѶȫһ顣
ֻǽԸۿűҲ˴, ȴûҵϴӰ
Ŷʱˡ
ҲʱƽԵϽͻȻһɫͺɫԲ㡣
ǣ
һ
ΪζǸط㼯һĳںԪӤڵʿ
ŵ˵ʮа˾ڵˡ
Ͼÿؾţؾĳ֮⣬õͨ, Ҳֻڲܾôĸ߽ʿ
⻰, ʲô˵֮ǰҺ˵, ͨɽؾĿ, Ϊ˸Ѱϴ
ʲô
һ
ȴǰһ
˵˵ڵȺڵǸطǲǾϴĲ֮أ
˵۾Ҳˣпܡ
ǵüͷڵҲڣ⡭
ǵӣΪҪǾڣҲͲվˡ
ֻô, ȷڵ˵Ķ֡
ʱȥǲȥ
Ҳʶһ㣬Ҳ˰ء
ôҲû뵽ǧջǺڵ˶ˡ
ҧ˵ô˵ȥҪʵҲĻٳҲ١
Ⱥ˵ע϶ϴϣ㷢ǣҲ㳲׷ǡ
ߵĻỹǺܴġ
Ҳ뵽һ㣬Ƕ˵ͷ á
ֻû뵽ǣײϵĲڵˣڵ˺ػϴȺԼһȺİĴܴ򶷵ֳ
Զ֮ϣһöͮͮĹɢ˵㣬·һҪ졣
ˣǹ˵㻹ԽԽ޳
ȺİĴܣŵŻȻ򣬿ϴĲֻǺڵˡ
ҲǣϾĸܼûһܳ谮ֲء
ˣռϷĻˡ
һսЩ˵ʱͺˡ
Ͼ˭뵽ػϴͷʵȻôǿĳںǿߣû뵽ǣͷ޻ô³çԼʵǿûϴͶǶˡ
ֻպʵ
һľȻǷյˣ˵ɫʱˡ
ŵô죿
һڵĳ̲ס˵ҿǻǳɡ
˵ûпܴôϴ
ˣֻҲ޷ȫˡ
Ҽ˳ϴ뿪ؾھͲ˵ˣЩܵмСģºͲŹǣʱǵĴֻ»ܼѡ
Ҳ˵ͷˣΪҺøλվ
⻰Ҳԥˡ
֪ʱȺ˵ˣڵĵѣڲǵǴʱָʱֻҪһ֮ȳؾǸΪǣϷΪȳ
ȻЩܼԼ˵Ķ֣ʹߥ޷յҲսˡ
ŶʱĶˡ
⻰ڵ˵˵ǲˣڴ˷ؾĿɲ°ˣȻǷɢĴѾ˴ϢϾͻϹˣȰǻе֪֮ȥΪãԼôĶ֪
ŵĶʱˡ
˵䣬ԭһҲҵһᣬֿˡ
һʱ֮˶˷յˡ
ô죿
˲ͷ
ȺܾˣǼ˵Ķ֣˵ŵĽֻһ˶ѡ
ϣϣϣϴϡ
ձֱ˵뿪ԣֶܲܿذɡ
ָˣ
תһ룬Ҳԣֵֻȷǿյġ
ȻǲŷӦ
ȵȡ
յ˼Ҫϴ
ֻһΣȴ뵽ʲôĵûгԡ
ڵҧ˵Ҫʲô
գҲ̰ģֻҪϵĴָǾͿˡ
ǿԶģºأͽú
磬ʵʵڵģһΥԣǿĻᱻ
⻰Ⱥڵĳȴƿڴ޳֮ͽǻǸʨӴſڣ
Ϊ֮ǰѹεŵرɶĴָء
ջţֻǿ
Ϊöģ֪ٶԴҲȲ诡
⻰诵Ҫѿˡ
Ϊ֪ҪΪ˰Ѵָ˷գ鴫ȥֻ֮ڵ˻Ӳ
Էһֱּɱ˱ʬ
뵽۵׵ĺŨˡ
ϣܹΪϴ
ΪڿɾָܹϴϴȥΪȥ
ֻЩ˲Ų
һؿ
Ĺлϸؽ´һ顣
ͬˮܽһصغһ
Ҳ
֪ܺÿȥ
Ҳ֪϶һ㣿
뵽ֿȻһۡ
ѵΪ读
˶һף
˵ǰĸŮ϶ġ
ĹͻȻЩþСҲòˡ
ͷӦ˹
Щʲô
϶ֲʲôˣ
ʲô
ֻô룬ȴûٺˡ
ҲͬҲܳһס
ֻһָе齣ȡ˳ȻֱȡָϵĴָӸ˷գɣ
˵
ռ״ֱЦˡ
һõֱָӴˡ
ȺܻؿǵıӰ
һֱɳȥʮأյ˲ͣ
һ֮࣬Ǽڵĳ̲סüͷȻʲô˵ҪȻҿܲҵһϴ
գ㡭
ûѻ˵꣬ŵʲô㣬㣬ôطҵһϴһؾֻһϴأǾԲܴᡣ
λһǸոʦܲĴָһġ
յ˵ͷ
ǵĿɲΪ˳ظ£Ϊ˾ϴ˼
û뵽žȻûġ
ŵ˵ʦܸղ˵õָ֮᷵ȥ
ʵϣȻеҪõϴҲӲӲΪֻ˵а˰һǧ
Ҷˡ
˵ǿЩˣ϶ϴģǸһؾĿǧˣûиϹˣʮа˾Ķϴûʲô뷨
Ϊʲôǰæˣ״̽ϵͳҪҵǼֱ׾ٵ顣
ڸǵı꣬ʦܲǸոմﵽһָ𣬾㲻֮ǰǻҵôŵر𣿡
⻰˵۾Ҳˡ
գ
Żǲײǽˡ
룺Щ˻Ӧ𣿡
Ͼ˶ҵڵġ
֮󣬱ϵһԪӤ˵ǿֻ֮һ룬ҧ˵ʮ飬һƿؼƷԪȸһƿؼƷԪ𣿺ãҴӦˡ
˵꣬ظԼһݣ迴֮󶼲һϳ֣Ȼ󻹻һҹ¡

̫ˡ
ĩˣǸԪӤ滹ԹҪƽҿ϶飬ǽҲ֪ôһ£ؾʮ죬һ켶ŵرûҵؼŵرҲٵÿͺؾʲôǰɨһһ
ҪΪ˲ֶ飬αðôķء
桤ؾɨһŵˣ
ȿȣԭˣ
ɲ
ŵͻȻе顣
Щϲûбֳˡ
ֵֻݸһľƣѣǻҪȥˣͲ˵ˣľһϣʱҪǿĹľƵϴֱڻ˾С
á
ԪӤ浱ӹǿľƣ˳㷢˸ģŵºй¶ȥ
̶̲ʮӵʱ䣬Ǿϵ˸ܹϵϵԪӤںͳڴܣʮоŸӦĺ
Ĺ롣
ĳ˰֡
νͦĵķϣǿǿ϶һѺˡ
͵ǰ֧ĹǮˡ
ǰСʱ󣬿ʳ¯ϴЦͶϲ£ˡ
գ
Ҳ֪Ǹͬ诣Ǹͬ鼴ּš


140 
Цʮ, ŲڻعȻæóĴָѳŵЩʿβȫˡ
õ, ЩʿҲͣһ֮󣬾ȫˡ
һʱ䣬ؾҲҪرˡ
Ŷһ֮󣬷յͬеλʿ˹֣˵˷лλһ·໤
˿ɲյѺܹݵ, ҲԸڣҪҲҪǵˡ
˵ȻλζԸܱ꣬ҲͲǿˡ
Ц˵һһ룬һռôŵر, λ, ұռĶ, ȥЩ켶֮⣬ֳɸλѡ
⻰, ˵ɡ
һ֮ҵôĵرȫƳ̨״̽ĹͣǺεºܣܷôණ
Ϊˣ֮ǰռʱǶǱպ֮󣬲ŻҵĶսǵĴָ
˵Ҳǵ˼, ҪûλѣҲҵôıҪ, λĴ壬ΪС⣬λ¡
Ҳ˵Ժﻹǰæ˵׼ҶϾ飿
˵ˣ໥һۣҲֻ˵Ǿ͹ˡ
ҲؾֿʼҡضرյѶŵʱ򣬷ռҲڰѶֺˡ
˵ǲܵġ
ϾǵӦźͷյʱ򣬾ǵѶǲʶô֪ͨ
˭뵽أȻϴҵôĵر
Ҫ֪ǷֵõЩĵرѾ㹻ݼһˡ
һҪһˣھõӡ
ĩˣ˲˵ѣţǷģǳȥ֮ҲһؿƿὫ״̽й¶ȥ֡
Ͼ״̽Ĵʵ̫ˣϢҪǴȥ˭᲻ۺء
ĵġ
ٴγǹ˹֣ǾͶлλˡ
ûãϹŵַͨһ۵İ׹⣬ţͨ˲˿УҲǰһڣʧؾ֮С
ȵڵϵʱѾؾ֮ˡ
ʿ֮ȲıԹ
ô£ôͽˣ
Ҷûҵʲô
ҲǣҲ֪ô£ؾĵرٵÿɹϽСؾ
Ҳǣ
Ҳǣ

ŵĬĬƿߣֻװ·
ǵҲûάֶ೤ʱˣΪµĵرԭģȻ˭ʵõ˭
Һܿ죬ǾͲЦ
Ϊײڵˡ
֮ʿȻҪǱö࣬ϵ˿ڸۿɼöࡣ
Ͼ˶ĵرӰӶûмţȴںޡȺܴһʱ򣬱˽˶
ҪǣǴǰѰĵرҲǶˡ
˲ϵĿֶ顣
뵽̲סЦ
һߣע⵽˷յˣڵҲڴʱ˹
ԿһĻǵֱӾͺˣ۾ǺһҪ
мڵĳϻ⼸ǣʱֽ
ϾɻǴ֮ͥ¡
ΪһڣѾǧҵһöϴȴ˽غ˵ҪȥǲǸͽЦ
뵽ЩֻҧȻݺݵصһۣˡ
ȻǰЩȫͷϡ
诵ɫѾ׵ֽһˡ
ŵʱ̹ˡ
Ҳûﵢ̫ãΪڵ˻ǻȥ·϶Ƕ֡
һصڣžȲ÷հϴóˡ
գ
յίȰⶼ˰ˣʦҪҪȥϢһϴѾˣʲôʱö١
ҪȻһŹƾҪ˯ˡ
ŵ˵˵ʲôʱϢҪǰΪȥ죬ϴóҵΪ㻤
գðɣ
ջô죬ֻذϴ˳
ȻȵĿ֮УֱӰϴ
˽
˵۾ʱˣæʵô
ֽ˽룬϶ͦ𡣡
ŵˣ
ǼʵʵĲĿڸУʵʲôо
գûˡ
ŵˣʹʲô
ȻǲŷӦ˵Ĳǵʹûио
ǰϹļأϴȥǺһǼʹ飬ôܻûиоأ
˵ѵΪճȥûõԭ򡣡
˵һпܡ
СʱȥһСʱȥˡһ㶯ûС
ϵЦҲסˡ
ǻ˵ǲǸ˵ʲͬԳϴ֮ķӦҲͬ
пܡ
Ҫÿʯһ⣿

ȥһʯ
ذַȥ
ǾεĿ֮УʯرһõĽ⡣
ŵ˵Ŀʱˡ
ǡϵ
úúã
Ȼһ룬ˢˢˢˢʯĵͬɫĹâ
ŵˣ
˵õϴϴȥأ
ôһ仯ûУ
ȵȡ
仯еġ
ŵ˿ŷеĲʯ
һĸ
ûмǴĻڴ֮ǰǸ
Ҳ˵ϴ֮󣬲ûϴȥһ
ŵˣ
ŵˣ
ŵˣ
գ
Ȳ˵ڶԼһ̵˽⡣
Ӧ˶ɵˡ
Ҳŵ⡢ôܣ
ǵĵһ뷨ǣѵϴǼٵģ
ǾԼƷˣܣϴҪǼٵģڵȺ˵αطôȥ
Ͼǿϴڵ˺ôܲܶϴ˰ɡ
ѵƵı
ʲôϴʲôܣǰƺõģΪľƭǸϴġ
˵ĺڵĶƵġ
ţҪԸǣֱӶ־ˣõŷôĲۣ
Ҳ˵ϴʮа˾ġ
Ƿôûϴȥһ
һʱ֮䣬˶תͷ˷ա
ӣһεҵʵ⡭
ʲôϲʣϴ鱦Ȳˣϴ鱦Ƕܱɶҩ
뵽˶ɵˣһߣһ˵һΣһΡ
Ȼ˼ڵܲסĴ
˾͸˵ˣˡ
Ҫ޷ԼʵǽʲôڶԿ
ĹҲĲС
ڷҲܵ˺ܴĴż춼ûл¡
Ҫջ֮ǰ˵Ļ
ͷ͸Ҫ
Ͼ궼һˣҪû취ʵȥҲ˶ˡ
뵽ĹԭΪԼӦø˲Ŷԡ
ֻǲ֪ΪʲôЦЦĿھͻȻסˣͻȻְȥҽȵȫץտʲôطĳ嶯
ֻһ룬ͷӦ˹
ȵȡ
ʲôʱͷôˡ
һ뵽֮ǰ°ͷϴ飬˶ˡ
ֱʲôطԾ벻׵ʲôطԾ
һҧҲͲˡ
ٰͷһѣܡ
Ͼ϶ǧټƵءơҪȻƷ¯Ϊӳ飬ûиء
뵽Ĺƽһ顣
֪ʱͻȻһŲ
òҲ֪ͷˡ
ĹصغһȻ̧ͷ
һ룬סˡ
ֻһſϣһɧʮɫۣȻɵĽü΢΢һ˫纮ǣͦ촽ԸУĨ˿֬һҡҷĵƻ֮ɢĿĹ󡭡
ͨͨ
ĹԼ˲ӿֲֹ
һ룬ͻȻЦˣͳ񣬸дԵʹĶÿ𣿡
䣡
һĨ糺ĹĽֺһһĶ⡣
һ˲䣬Ĺ˲ϷӦԺֻʣһ뷨
Ҳǲܣ


141 
ĹŷӦ˹
ȵȡ
ʲôҲǲܣ
ʲôٵģ
뵽, ǿ򶨣ȷϵͷ
ͷ
ٽڵĳϷǡʮϺҹϮˡ
գ
Ȼֹ, Ҳ˲ҹ塣
Ĺ
ʶǿ򶨵ĽһСİѸ˵ˡ
ȣ
ĹЩ顣
Ͼǰա
ϾַӦ˹
ǰղǺ, Ͼǰôס
ڡ
Ĺ̲ס࿴˷һ, Ȼֶ࿴һۡ
ôҲû뵽, ͷӻôÿ
ע⵽ĹΪصĿ⣬ص˵ͷ
һȷĴ򿪷ʽ
Ҳ⼸æĽŲմأڰѸյ˳
뵽̧űĹȥ
ԽԽķ, ĹʶҪֹס۾ȴһƿ, Ҳٴֱ
ȻʲôطԾ
Ҳһ, ڳ׷Ӧ˹
ӦûΪϴûϴȥ
Ͼǿǹغ¼ǧĴ¡
ôȻȥƸյ
Լױ
ĹҴģͷһױ, Ϳ˿֬, ҪȻ촽ôһ볢һڡ
ȿȣ
ʲôطԾ
ңˡ
Ĺ΢Ʈ, Ǹ, ˵ȴĪݵĸо
ЩҪ, ΪҪǡ
Ҳʱ, , øϡ
ٿǴ˸߹һԸеĺ, ĹԺ˲ֻʣһ仰˭ס, ԣڹң
ûվڹ
ҪȻôھһֻȸһΧ
ҷյĿҲԶ
ȻΪϴҲܰʵ֮, Ͱϣȫϡ
뵽Ĺ˲ͺڡˣ
Ҫջʹʲô
뵽ԭſͷϿĹֱ塣
Ȼ˵˵һûʾлء
ˣ
Ĺ΢ֻɲԾˡ
գĽϣҪ³Ҳô˳ش
Ĺһ
⹷ȴʱʱ̶̿Ŷ𱨡
գЩʦʦӦҲæɣҪȻô켶ʦʦԼĴ
Ĺšţ
ʲô켶ʦ
Ĺһ㶡
Ȼ˵иյĵЩҩģӦҲİɣ
Ĺ
˵ı飿
ѹǶӣǸըСɣǵҲϸâꪵġ
뵽ĹЩ顣
Ϊû´
գ֮ǰͨɽؾôæҶûилء
ͨɽؾ
ʱȥε
Ψһž׼ϴʱȺ°һѡ
ϴҲûʲô;
ԣǲûʲô;˵ʸˡ
Ĺʱˡ
ħ𣬾ϷŪգҲûҪѡ
룬Ǿ߷ա
ԡ
ȴǰ档
Ĺʶؿ
ȥҪʲô꣬ܿڣһ㡣

ô
Ĺ˲뵽ЩĳЩ޵ĳ档
ٶϷżֱûһǵĹֱ
ʶذЩҪĻ˻ȥ
ʣʾڵĶ
ܿ˹
ȵȡ
ڸʲô
Ȼͷָ֮󣬵ȷһ㿡Ǳˣ˵ЩЩ飬ʵģǱĵġ
뵽ĹڻָǣҲźˡ
ֱӻӿ˷ոϵ·˵㿴ȱǵ㶫Ҳϡıꡣ
ճûˡ
գ
Ĳһ
˵õĹԵĲУȻһͶͱأ
ȻˣҲֻܳҪˡ
ɻ㲻ϲң
Ĺը˭ϲˣ
ͷҲԼ֮ǰжٵӣ
ȴ̹Ȼʵ ֮ǰΪʲôҪң
Ĺ˵ҰΪ
ֻǻ˵һ룬ͻȻ˵ȥˡ
ŶҪ˸˰Ƥǧˣǵ˷ȻϺҪ÷ճζʵȴһٶİƽ鷳
ѵϲ˷գ
֮ǰӵӣ
Ĺ˶ˡ
æתͷա
ϴ۾
ȻϷЦøõ
Ĺ
ʶԼʲô¡
Ͳʲô
ĹĶ˲ˣȻ߳ŭ
ϲ㣿Ϊǹ˼˰
˵꣬͵һ䣬ֱӾͰѷȷ˳ȥ
ķգ
һ룬ǰķžһ¹ˡ
Ӧѽ
Ĺôû˽أ
˼붼벻ס
ѵΪ磬Ĺϲ
Ψһԭˡ
뵽˳㣬ҲûپֱӾת뿪ˡ
һߣĹԽԽԾ
ôϲϷǸͷӣ
ֲϹ
ָôȻ̷һٶ£
ʾ֭벻ףſĺ鶼ûˡ
뵽ʲôеĻһӣָ̧ô塣
һ룬һ˵ϥأĹǰ
ĹһǾҺͷ
룬ȻͿˣЩΪԹߣӦѲˣǿ϶ܸһĴ𰸡
֪û˵꣬˵һɪͷϡ
Ĺ
˵ʲô˵һ飿
Ĺ˶ˣѿڶҲϲͷ
£
ֵһ
ⲻԶ׼
µĿֱĹµĴϣ˵ھеͷĴϣԻõ⻰
˵˼ǰиħŮҪĴ˴һճ˻ҽ
Ĺ
ǰɹĴ࣬ȴͷĴϡ
Ȼϲͷ
һǰһӵӡ
Ȼã
Ĺ
һµ
һߣҲ֪ͨɽؾ˭ϴˡ
Ͼշϴʱ򣬴ڵĳ϶ڣҲܲĴֻǺ±ǣû죬̲סˮͶڡ
һ˵ճϴ֮󣬲ûϴһ֮˵Цֻһ
ⲢжԷյʹ
Ϊǿ͵ʴף쿪ۣڼǵ飬ǻûء
ҪģΪһֱûΪ÷պڱQôá
ȥôˣҲʰˣҪȻЩӬ󯻹Ϊں۸
ڴϳ˵
üͷ壺ֻΪϴ飬ֱƵ˷˼ϣҪóȻǳֻ֣»ɵķС
ΪǼҪ콣Ҫ
ԭϣħܹǲպڣħȻҲǴͬҲٸ꣬ʵ֮⡣
ֻΪħһֱڶûжԷն֣ԭ
Ҳʱ˵ȻˣǴԱں̸
ˣʲô
ȶǵԴȻǣֻҪǽ콣ǾͿԼ̣ԸⷢģսͶ·£һǳ⽫콣ǵġ
ȷӦ˹Ҫħ֪ǲûд˳ջ콣ֻ»ҹ֡
ʱٳָڵʬ˳콣ڵŲֱԲ
˵¹Цã


142 
û, һڳϺ͹¾š
ţ˵ʲôǳĴ֮, ֳϴ֮Ϊ, ҪǶϾһ
Ȼھϴʱ򣬾Ѿڵʱⷢӵ׼, ôҲû뵽ڵı֮졣
һڳԼ£СԼ, Լ˶ڣûаǷԲŻ嶼, Ǿָ, , Ļ𣿡
˵Щʲô, е̶ѾлӴ
Ҿڸղ, ŵŸո˹֮ǰָǵڻؾͨ˻ȥ
Ҫ֪Դӷͨն֮Ϊ޷ͨϽ, ؼԽԽϡ
, ؾѾʿЩȡԴһҪ;
Ҫ֪ڿռ֮һʯؾ
Ҫ, ղ˵ŵ˹ջ֮ǰָǵڻؾͨ, ڡ
ԴԶ׼, Ҳڡ
Ҳ˵, ӽ󣬳ԼϽǸСؾ֮, Ҳ޷ͨؾȡԴˡ
Ƕ˵֮֡
˵ֻһ, ھֱնڵδ
ɶ񡣡
뵽һλһȭԱߵϣֱӻ촷ۡ
Ҫ֪ǺŵãźŵйĽ飬ŵͻȻ飬˳ܵڵвȡ
һŵɹ˶̧ͷϾ֪ˡ
˵ͻȻˣŵԽ޼ʵսµͷˣʮ¾Ҫһ齣һֱṩҩ齣ڣϾڿ¢һĵҩͷ
뵽˵ӳˡ
ΪڼȻܹԴҪЮŵţȻҲܽЩֶϣϣ䵽Ԯʸ֮ĵĵزǿҲֻʱˡ
±ãȻʵǽô죿
ȴû˻ش
ΪҲһҡ
Ÿֱ̱ϡ
˵ڵǲܵģ֪Ƿգûʲô
үʱôۣȻְ಻ҲܵõıӺ;ˡ
Ϊˣļ죬Ĺط֣ԺĹϹûǰôˣٿһҲüġ
ô£
ĹǿԼȻֵֹõĴ˳
µ˷ڳˡ
򵥽ȥ˵һ顣
Ļ̻̣ٳϺ͵Ӷһʱѳڡ
ҽϣȥһ١
Ϊ鶼üëˣջνȫԶҩͷߣһ㶼żΣЩϺ͵ӡ
⻰Ĺ˲Ϳ
һǾñһǾ÷ŭ
ƾʲô
᲻ĶͷƢͷȴ֪ʱ򣬱۸˶֪ٻˡ
Ĺѹ˲ͽ˱㣬һһҪŵļơ
¼״˵˿Ҳڵĳϡ
ĹϢ˲סˡ
ˣͷҲڵĳϡ
Ҫ׷Ҫͷʶ˲һȺͽܣҲľ
ڵЩϺ͵ԹҲ顣
Ҳ˵ȷܹﵽЩͷϡ
Ĺ˲뵽ڡ
ҪȺ޳֮ͽһٶͷͷô䵽ľأͷôƵͷ
ţ
ĹͻȻֱ塣
Ŷ
ҪڲƣͷôƵͷ
ͷʵҲпԭġ
ΪڲŶԡ
뵽ĹͻȻ˲١
֮ǰͼĹĴĹ˴ճ˻ҽħŮʾmmpһmmpûУ
ȻŷӦ
ȵȡ
ʲô
ȻΪͷѣ
Ĺ
ĹĴ˲һֱߣиŭֱӺƹˤذĻˤͷϡ
ðɣԼȷֵֹãġϲǸͷ
뵽ĹĶճˡ
ЩҪģҪôͷѳһ
뵽Ĺʱֱ塣
ֱӳڣ
ҲǲУǶͷ˵Զ֣ӵıѩޣ˵Լˡ
ұˣͷȻָᣬΪȴʼͣԭأ໹ٻٰʮ꣬͵ͷˡ
ôУ
ӦģǰͷΪȥƾԼʵشڡ
ͷʵ̫ˣϴȲ
뵽Ĺüͷ
˫ޡ
䣡
ڴϵĹ˲һ޴
ܡ
ħ𣬻ҪҪϣҪҪˣ
еߵģ
뵽Ĺ΢סš
֪ҲʱͻȻһŲ
¼״æȥΡ
Ĺʶ̧ͷһ
ķһϮ£ϵһīɫ壬罫ͷϴŵһɫķ°ʹͺе촽ӳĵظˡ
ֻеƿƣüͷ΢еĿЦ⣺鲻̫ãҺһ𣿡
Ĺ
鲻̫ãʱ䴩´磬ʱͿ֬
Ϊ²ȾʲôĶǽڣʵҹ˾йУһҡ⣿
ⲢĹֱ
û취ͷֶΡһﶥס
ħ𶼡ˡһʱѷȷɳȥ֪Ϸĺħʲô³
ռ״۾ʱˡ
ԹȻΪһĴ粻̫ϺĹ⣬ĹŻȷɳȥ
յ±̧˽ȥĩˣѵһѷŹˡ
Ĺ˲ŵСָסˡ
ֱֻڴͷˣȻȡһƿƣĿƵĿĹ
Ĺڵıͷ
ȻͷӦ˹
ֱӸ߷ںʲô𡪡
뵽תͷ
Ȼƿͷһڡ
Ҳ֪ǲĴھˮĽ£յ촽֮ǰйˡ
Ĺ˲뵽һЩħӦ뵽Ķ
ʶƿһڣȻֱӱǺסˡ
ռ״æǰס˱
Ĺһ̧ͷղŵˮı
Ĺ
̲סֶ࿴˼롣
Ҳ֪һĻտ۵ס
ЦȻֱӺÿ벻볢һ
ĹʶؾҪͷ
ʱӦ˹Ĺ
ͷ·˷ʤ
˵źһھƣͷΪѾˣȲҪˣ
ǡĺϹˡ
תһ룬ΪʲôϹѾ϶ͷˣһͷ
ͷ飬ûиأƾʲôһϢ
뵽һᣬֱ˽˷ջҧס˷յ촽
ôܻŹĺûᡣ
Ϊǰ춼æǱߵ飬Ҫǽϰʵˣʵжϣ治һܳʱ
ͿסĹ
ȵḺ́˷ջڴʱ򣬾˵벻ٳһ
Ĺ͡
еĶ
Ȼվȥ
ȵĹڳˣ׼ӣƿյʱ򣬾˵벻ٳĶ
Ĺ
ĹƿյĶ˲ͣ
ʲô
ô
һˮɡ
ԭͷûͿ֬
ĹԺֻʣһ뷨
Կ֪Ĺڶѹʱжߡ
ͷͷǡֶΡΪΪȻɫ඼Գ
ҲǻͷȻͷͺסˡ
ԡĹֱֱ۾װ˯
Ųǿиɣֻͷ̫ƻڻĶ֡
ⲻ֪Ķͳ
ԷֻĶ˵˯ȥʵˣ⼸ܱȽæʲôֱӺ˵
˵꣬´·
Ĺ͵͵һֻۣȻÿץ۵ı;׳ˡ
Ĺ
Ĺ͵͵ذ˱ֻһ˫ͨĶ档
ðɣ
ѾԼ˳ˡ
ҪͷĿȻôĿǰķ̬Ǻġ
һ㣬Ȼʶͷʺܲû뵽ʾȻôļƷ¯˫һϣΪȻֻһ㡣
Ĺ̲סüͷ
ô죿
Ǿֻܲ׾ˡ
뵽ĹĶˣȻ˯˹ȥ
ֻû뵽ǣû죬վΪʵһ⣬òʵҡ
룬ϱӾرһȻˣϲȥӦҲûʲô
뵽ÿܸĹһ仰֮󣬾ʵҡ
õŵĹ
аɣ
ĹԭҲûϡ
ֱڶ죬죬졭ջû
ſյķ䣬ĹֱӰѻˤͷϡ
˵õķ̬Ȼأ
˵õĵʱͷ𳴲ˣ§ͷȥɹ̫ͷŴء
˵õĹΪΪأɹΪ
˵õһͻФòĵأ
ˤ


143 
տɲ֪ĹѾһСèѳӶˡϾ̫, ΪϧٴȨı˽հôһ鷳һѵݣڷղˣˣ, ǰŵ·ϡ
Ȼڲ̫, 룬ջǼ˷ա
֪һֱ׳һס
˵ʲô
ǻҰ֮ɫʱˡ
ֻظҰȫԶ͵ҩƳˡ
ֻΪʱ̫̣ȫԶҩߣֻƷҩֱԪϴ赤Ԫ, ȫԶ߸ֻһƷ齣
Ѿ㹻ˡ
ڷӦ˹, ѿڶǣ˵ʲô
Ц˵ȫԶĵҩͷɱֻм۵, ԭϵֻаٷ֮ʮ
ţ⡢ôܣ
ϢҲ䶯ˡ
Ͼڴ֮ǰ˭ΪνȫԶ߾Ǹ޻̸֮, ڰΡ
Ͼֲǳ, Ҫô, ͱضǸ߼ʦʦˡ
ڣվȻ˵ȫԶߡ
˵ĵһ뷨Ȼǲˡ
ֱۿɿҩڱŽȫԶϵϿ, ʱ֮, һſŻԲĵҩӴʹϹ˳Žһƿ
˼ɴץһöҩ
ʧƷԪƷԪ
䣡
ӣ벻Ŷˡ
ЦЦ
, ڴ֮ǰͬڵڣ֮ԶƳЩߣΪ̶ֳַȣϾǰʿҲûרŵܵʵ飬ֻǶʧˡ
Ծ˺˶쿪
ͺ֮Уһ˴Ƴ紿ֹʳƷһֻʳƷڸеȷȲֹʳƷʳ͸ֹʳƷһȻʳƷóԵ֪˭˵ϵ»ĵ̢ĿڸбȲЩĵ̢أ
Ҫ֪ϵ»ĵ̢ˮߵĲ
ԣǻʳƷڸбȲֹʳƷʹõĻơ
ͬҩͷҲǲûƣֻ֮ǰзûܲ͸ȫ
һеĵҩֵĺۿúúá
ŷӦ˵ȫԡȫԶߣٲⱲӶٽôҲپˡ
գ
ܲܺú˵̫ˣ
û
ԽԽ֮ǰĽϣܹ֮ȫˣΪ֧֣Ҳò𣿡
޳ܵеԴɹǣȫЩߣ£
շյ˵ЩȫԶķ͵ҩɱֻм۵ɣϵҲֻаٷ֮ʮҪм۵ĳɳЩ͵ҩЩɲ
ΪԪϴ赤ʿʣͨĹЧԪܹ޸ʿڵƣʿΪ齣Ͳ˵ˣڼµʿһ㳣ľĵҩͷϾڵؼ켶ĵر󲿷ֶֻؾҵõ
Ҫǣڼµʿռ˿ڵİٷ֮ʮţڳĵҩͷٷ֮ʮģԪϴ赤ԪΪʿֵҩռҩİٷ֮ʮ
ݷ˵ЩȫԶܹǡֵҩ
뵽ŵ˵ֻЩǹƵЩߡ
⻰ٿյĿȫһ˿֮ɫ
뵽ʲôһһ㶣۵׵ļ;ȫΡ
˸໥һֱ֮վ˳ֱȥ⡢ʦܣ֮ǰ̫çײˣǧҪϡ
˿ɲ֮ǰһ֮³嵽յʵңһ٣ʵҸ˵λϡ
յǷλǸŶԣҪΪңҲվ
˵ҲȥһҪлʼնҲ벻Ŷԡ
ŵҲѷշ
˵֮ǰжɥھж緢һжȥˣ
û
Ҳ̲סսȭͷ
Ҫǣûôף
ﻹסǷ׷жʼԼЩѣŸֱӴһҩ齣ȥŵš
һطֱӽ¿ˣճµģӹ
ĸ۵ĶȻŵҰ
ֻǻû˵꣬λ·ŵųϾͿŵȻֱҭסˡ
һ⡭ţôпչ
ֻ˵ճµأ
ǳһʱˣת÷ɿ죬æסţţţǼм³ȥˣڲ
ţ⻰ңһ֪ܲ˿£˳أôܻš
˵ֱֻ꣬ӿλϡ
ȻȻĴ°ѳ˳
һΣѡ
ֱӴĻģҲ˵ģһ⡭
ʲô
ǰʱ󣬾λȵļ٣ʲôʱʹʱ򣬾Ϳ§ͬĳ߳ĳ档
λϣţ
ĳͬɡ
һߣڵ֪⼸ڵĵͶ˹֮̲סƴЦúúá
Ҳ׷˵ƾڵǼССϺҲǶֱǳ롣
뵽Ҳ֪ʲôݺԲˡ

⻰Ҳ¶һĨЦݡ
Ȼ˵ȻˣҲˡ
ˣȥڣֻҪǰ콣ھͿԶǼ̡
ǡ
֪ʱͻȻ˼Ҵҵ˽ˡ
ӣǳʲôţҲҲͷϡ
ϵĻȴֺˣǸģİȫԶҩͷŪˡ
ôܣ
˵˵ɫͱˡ
ġ
ǵۼֻۣǵɣͻҩĺŵĻǻֻɵļӹѡ
ɵѾˡ
ʣµĳɣһЩɵشƫԶڻûյϢһΪЩɾ̫ǲҵڡ
ôܣ
ҲסˣɫЩĻ֮ǰ̩ɽŵӡ
ҲֱеĲ豭
ҧгݣЩССɣôҰڸԣ
ôң
Ȳ˵ڳĵҩͷ۸ֻǵɣһŵҩǮȥˣֻ˵ЩôɵͽУͰһɵˡ
ǰǸŭԣΪƿһĵҩͷĳЩɶҵǣڣŪô˵ĵҩͷô̵ܻȥ
˵ЩʲôãҪ֪ҩͷռÿһ밡
Щϼ˵Ǹô죿
ۣҲŽۡ
С
ĳϵԵһöҩĳɱۼ۵ɰ룬ҪӮڣ۸ͱڸͲУҲ˵ֻܿۡ
±˵ɱۼ۵ɰ룿Ϊʲôڵ˸ɵļ۸۵ҩͷ
Ǹǰŵ˵˵˵ҩͷԭϵֻĳɡ
ɣģֱֻ߳ɡ
õǻܹϵƵҩͷʦһҪϢͲɱȻҲˡ
ֱðЩɺʿأûпܺƲڣ
Ǹǰŵҧ˵ǡֻ¸˻ء
ΪֻܳǼֵҩͷǳŵᳬÿĲҲоҩͷߡ
Щھⷴڵʱ򣬾ζǴӽԺ󶼲ٴڹҩͷôЩҩͷûô죿
Ȼҵʦʦ
Ҳ˵ЩɺʿΪ̫ʧܸڷֵһ󱭸ܲ
ԣһжǷƺõġ
⻰۾ˡ
ֻһȭԱߵϣӻΪ촷ۣŭ˲䴫Ͽգ
գڣ
·ŭѵʱȴǲЦ졣
ڷպòײŴӹάȺＷ˳
ȻԼѾܶûлȥ顣
ʱæȫԶߣҩͷ콣Ǳ߶ûʲôչ
˭뵽أ콣Ȼֻ̽ޣ֮ǰͨɽؾҵȫĶﶼûι
ҩͷ׬˲ʯֿԼ֮ǰʵˡ
ڴ֮ǰôҲûȥĹŶԡ
±ȥҪһЩʳģȻŻǬ塣
Ĺ˯֮ҲûдֱӾæ
ԵȵĹ˯֮󣬿æĽŲմصʱǺһЩ
ͷǺʶȤġ
뵽̨ǰ˵ͷĹ˼˲両Ȼ̲ס̧ȥ
ջͷһˣ
Ĺĵص˵ͷֻ۾ȴһֱյ
յ˵ٵһϾͺˡ
š
Ĺ
룬ôû㶹ôˣ
뵽һᣬֱǰ§ס˷յ
ȣնһͣЦ˵ˣ
ûС
Ĺ͵͵˶䣬˳Ӵָͳ֦Ĺӣһֱ˷ţҪˡ
Щ켶ˮǰո͹ģζüˣ£Ҳûмͷˡ
ҧһڹӣ˲š
չȻרĳ˲ˣĹһȻ͵͵˷յıϣŷյ£ĹĶѬˡ
Ȼͻдһָоˣ
ҪһһֱȥǸöã
ڶ磬ΪԼڷյĻѹȴԿյĹ
ٿϣȻŷһֽҪæһʱ䡭
Ĺ
ллæ֮гշңҿ̫ˣ


144 һٵʮ
, Ųʱ䣬ǵĶ˾ųɡ
Ϣһ, ڸոջûõӾֻһ촷ۡ
Ҳһ߿
ȥǱ˵ջ콣ˣֻ׵λöҪסˡ
ֻʵڸô죿
Ȼ˻һ, ȴȫ˳Ĭ֮С
ô죿
ǵֱӳȺ, , ҪǸҶ֣ǾΪ, һڣҲĶ֡
ȻҲʶһ㣬ǰؽ˺ܶڡ
Ҳ֪ôĵر
뵽, Ǿͺ޵
ҲʱһͻȻȻͻ콣Ѿǲܵ, Ϊʲôɴں̸
ʲô
˵ ̸ܣ
Ϊ, ôһССɵͷ
ǺֱӰǵǰӵӵϲʲô
Ƿ֮, Ǿ͸ֹڵˡ
Ȼǲŷ˵˾ȻǴϡ
˲սȭͷ
ΪһֱǸͷ
ǰ, ֮λʧܡ
һǰĶӺ֮λҲʧˡ
Կ֪ʱվ, ľԲʲô⡣
Ȼ, һ˵Ȼĺں̸ֻҪħҪں̸ͿˣĿĶʹħֶԸڡ
һ۾ʱˡ
˵ħڿɲһϵ
Ϊֱڣħûж, ȻЩħƶǺᶷһǵʱ֮
ڵ˺Ѳ²Ǵ⣬Ͼǰǵ˶ǧٱرȥˣǿɴûʲô˷
ڲҲûϵħֵĹؿϣɿ϶ҪǺڶһħ֮ģֻҪǸ㹻ĳ⣬ǿ϶ϸŸ˵ͣʱվߣھ㲻ҲֻܽǵĵǸ
ħһο϶ϵ
Ͻ˵ѵˣħΪʲôÿҪһΣʧٲأҲưոݣ
˻Ȼ
ΪħռݵĵطϡԴЩС
ŪһȫԶҩͷߣټǰ콣ħܲĶ
νУޣҪǣǶģҲѡڡ
ħһҲɫͷ
Ǹóĳ⣿
ϻһת򵥣ֻҪǰ诽ȥȥ֮λѡһλ²ż汸㹻ˡ
룡
Ļ֪ܲϴʲô⡣
ŻǸĶλ
ȴţֱӿڳˣλϺͷΪأ
˶ʱ˵ˡ
һĻһ
ȻڳĳϺͷҲͬϵ⡣
ԭ֧ǵЩˡ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲô
ΪЩϷеڵӿ䵽ֱľ棬ȫΪ诡
Ҳ͵ڵһǧɣ˸ǲ
ҪΪ֮ӣǳڴܣֻ֮λͱϵˣԡ
ⲻѾϵ֮λ
ǡ
öֱð
˵ЩֻȨ֮ƶѣԴΪء
Ҳ׷˵ԴΪء
ǲҪΣֻͱһô¨ӣôҲǽѵǡ
ϵ˵˵᲻Ǹļˣ
⻰˵üͷĸˡ
ΪǿһжΪŮɫɵġ
ֱڣȻ֪ڸģ
Ҳźҧ˵诿ԣ֮λҲԣϾѡһԲУ
ûбĵӣԾڷϵ֮λȥ֮Ҳٶ
תͷأ
һʱ֮䣬˶תͷ
һ࣬սȭͷȴɿˡ
Ϊ֪ҪǲЩϺͷһĽ޷ˡ
诡
鸴ӡ
Ҳ˲ôˡ
诵ײСʦá
һЩ£ֱӱۣˣá
ԭҲ诵Ĵ
ȻûдﵽԼȫĿģ֮ܰλѾˣҲǿ˵ͷ
ƻôöˡ
תͷڵķĿԽ
һΣһҪպڸۡ
һߣ֪ϢֱӾˡ
˵ʲôʦҪͻڣ
֪ܲ䵽Щʲô³
ôľ
诵ͷӦ˹һţҪʦ֣Ҫʦ֣
ʦֲġ
һɲİĽ֮һ
Ȼת˰ˡ
ɲţ
˼״ֱһ˦诵ϡ
㻹ʦѾˡ
ϾҪ㣬ʦôᶪ֮λ
㻹ΪǸʦʦ𣿡
һֱӾͰ说ˡ
۵ɵϴȻû뵽Ů˾ȻҴ
ⲢҪģҪȻֻΪ֮λ
뵽ѣ
һߣĹȴǿҪըˡ
ͷͷȻ
ֱǲľ޷Iͯ۷Ϊ˷򡭡
뵽Ĺޱ콣ͱԱ߻һֻͲծĸдˡ
ò׵һϢʱ䣬߸˵˵ľķ̵ʱ򣬾ͱĹս˹ȳ䵱ջ콣
ίֲ
ֱֻ챻ˣĹ侲
Ծ
ԡǲӦð
ͷѵΪ˸˫ȻΪ
Ȼʵ֤˫һҲӲ˶Ϊ
ǲǻܲ׾
ͷôһ£
ҪͷѾȫԶзΪʲôʵҡ
뵽Ĺ콣ͷ⼸쵽æʲô
콣ʾĹҡ
ֻС˵æڸʵ˵ʵȻû취ˣǿҵʵҳɽȻͲˣʵѾ˺ܴĽչ
ֻǱȴצغţ˵ţȵʽɽһŹ㡣
Ĺ
Ĺ˶ˡ
л㱡
ͷȻֱӷԼΪˣ
Ҳ˵ڲҪˡ
ѹôˣҲǷ
Ĺʱͻˡ
ڸô죿
ֱӰͷ°ȥ
Уͷʱ϶ġ
ͷȥͷ
Уħ𣬲Ҫӵ
ҲʱһϤĽŲ
ĹʶذԼ̫·¶Ưǡ


145 
ڷһ, Ͳλۡ
ϾΪһйߣץסĹؼ㣬ֻĻܡ
˵, ĳ˭ס
ԷʶؾͰĹԵ콣ȷ˳ȥȻѵһֱӹ˷š
Ĺ
ĹʶԼʲô¡
·Ҫܡ
һͱץס˽ףȻͱֱѹϡ
Ĺ
Ȼ, ĿĴﵽˡ
֮ǰʲôɫǻ裬ͷһϡͿ˵, ΪͷҲûõĶȥ
뵽, еСˣ˳ͣ˱ͿԺԲƵ
Ȼ, ҲΪյķһ⡣
Ȼ͵͵رס˷յĲӡ
ȻƨɾȻıˣ
ͷɿڵħ, żԼʲô, ܿͰЩ׵Ժ
Ϊʱˣ˭ܵЩ޹ؽҪء

ʱص졣
˵ʲôҪǺ̸ǲ֮λ, ͻˣ
ŵĵһӦǲܡ
Ҫô׾Ƿ, ֮ǰҲܼˡ
Ҳʱ˹
ŵ˵ʦܣô
ֻ˵ֻ߲ƣ
ڳϷҲüͷ
ôʲôô
ѵΪʱ䣿
ܲΪħֵĹؿ, άĺƽɣ
 ȵȣħ
˼ͬһʱ䷴Ӧ˹
˵ħǰͲǺƴһ, Ǻ֮ź, Ҫ֪׼Ǻ̸϶һʱǶ֡
ΪڼֱǸӡ
ҪҲ϶ڶ֡
úݵĶơ
ڳ˶ʱ۾
ڸô죿
գ
Ҫô˵
ѵҪֱӸ, ڵħͷӾ
ɱħ׼Ƕָ̼
ΪôãںòײüһأҶû˼죬նʱЩĲ̡
ֻĬĬֱ졣
ţУڵıóѡ
ȥǣǾ̸ܺ
ˣ
ǰͨ˵ڵѾ͹ˣѾڳˣ
ʲô
ҧݣҪˡ
Ϊܳǣ룡
ΪͨɽؾѰĵرǵڶ֮һûõء
˵ȥЩɺɢдţһЩֹ
ֻ˵֮Ż̲סһۡ
ҽ꣬ûдؾҲ˵һʱĻ˻
⻰յ˵أĵرȥЩǣǳ֮ơ
˵ţЦˣˣ콣Ƕɽڴܵ佣֤λܴʿɽڴܵһλɽڴνӦ˽ⲻȻˣΪʲôרΪһᣬȻ㷢뺯Щʿǰ
ŵ˵۾ʱˡ
ɽڴܵ彣飬˭᲻Ķ
һøʲô꣬뵽һʿڡ
Ҫǣ콣ǴģҪڵֻ֪콣ͻǵıƣֻȺǷεĶֱ衣
뵽ŵƴЦúúã
Ψ콣òУҸЩ
ΪûеǵʱǰֻõʱŻӴָų֮һ쵽ĵϷӣ͵ϵİԻǸʱȥעǰ˽顣
һɣҲ˵û£һᣬʱҽС
ȻʵսɣǺܹġ
ˣġ
콣ɲ֪Щ
ͷҪըˡ
㣿
ϴԵһļһ
гֵɻɷߺųɵɣֻǸɶ
콣ô
ֻͨһ콣ֱӵ˵ϣҲű޹
ˣһӢҪһˣ
˹ڷӦҪô
⻰ڳ˵ɫֱˡ
ΪףǺ޲ýǧвźá
ˢˢ˷ա
ֻ˵ֱӰڹ洦˾ˡ
á
չȻѾ诣ԭڵ读ĴϣŶʱһ
һߣۿǾڵĴԽԽ诵ȭͷʱյøˡ
УԴУ
ͷңһǱ
ԭϣܹһ¥Ϊ˲ϧݺͱһǸСȴΣ֮ʺԥر
뵽课ͺ޵
һ죬Ҫۡ
Ҫô죿
һ룬뵽ʲô۾ͻȻˡ
Ҳʱڵˡ
óſںˡ
ڵһһ·۵ĳ棬óֱӻ˻֡
±ǰѺס诡
ɫһףʲô
ʲô
óЦ˵㱳ţʦ棬ڵڹ棬Ӧ÷ϵΪȥĽ
˼ǳ걻ǧ꺮ǵĵطǧ꺮ĺһ壬Ǿ׶Ĵ̹֮ʹµʿܲˣ˵ǱϵΪͨˡ
诵ǲңҪʦҪʦ
ʱˣ课ȻΪϻǰһֱǿЦ֮
óߣ
֪诵ȴԽԽԼ˫ס
һ룬
诵ֱֱѾˡ
ŵʶɿ֣课ûվһͻȻǰһˣȻֱӴ̨Ϲȥ
ô£
óüͷһ塣
Ӽ״æ׷ȥ
Ȼײһʯʨϣ˹ȥѪҲܿͷϵ˿˳
һ̽̽ıϢһʧû
ֻּ读ص˴ſڡ
Ѫӣóһ
תͷڵĳϣ̧°˵ǵ˼Ѿ֪ˣҪ̸ԣǿǲ⣬ΪڵͽǱӦðǡ
ڰ֮λ飬²λڱ޺ӵ
⻰ڵĳ϶ͷϵðˣǿջЦǹڵ˼ǣ
򵥡
óֱóһ嵥ֻҪǸһЩǾͿԭǡ
Լˡ
ڵĳϽӹ嵥һ
һɫĵؼ켶֣嵥˲ճȭ
ʲôʨӴſڣˣ
Ҳ֪ھٺʲôףֻҧ˵鲻ģȻȥ
óЦˣǾ;Ѽˡ
ڵĳϱͷҲصˡ
ó϶ʱЦĸˡ
ΣΪǰڵ˺Ǵ򽻵ʱ򣬴һ߸ϵӣʲôʱ°ƽŹ
ܲý
ֻһ룬۽ǵͿһԵ诣ĺ˲ûˡ
߰ɣ
֪ʱͻȻһ˹
Ǵһܣһ룬ɫͱˣ˭Ķʲô
óüͷһ壺诣ˣʲôУ
˭
诵˵Ǻΰޱĵմӡ
ʲô
óЦˣԭ说⡣
Ͼ£˭֪նСʦúΰޱ֣ΪеŮ缺
诿϶ҲǲµѾʧˣһξԲŹǸɴð˺ΰޱ
ϾǺΰޱյԸֻ²ԭصĹ
֪һ룬˵ȵȣǶ
ƺóϵɫ˲ͱˡ
ԭܼ򵥣ΪƺСֻǰڵһЩʦֵ֪ܲԴڽ壬Ϊڵĳ֮󣬻Ͼû˺ˣһĵӾ͸֪ôһСˡ
ͫһǺʦ㡭
Ϣܿʹ塣
ʲôǺΰޱ
ʧ˵
겻ս𣿡
ʬ廹һġ
ֻó˵˵սϱһԪӤڵŮħ޶ˣԷΪ壬ɱʱΪѡԱͶԷͬھͶԷһ˿궼˶Էһ֮Уȵѹʱ򣬾Ǹղˣ
գ˼ǣ֮ǰǸ课ǸԪӤڵŮħޣΪոһˤŮħˣŵԳ
óϵ˵ͷ
⣬ôܣ
ڳ˵˵
಻ŲãؼǷ಻š
뵽˵תͷա
ЦЦҲš
Ĳ˵ϵǹ̲ζСʦúΰޱϵ̲ζһģһġ
΢УҺܺ棬ʲôķԱ˶ܾȻ
룬Ҳ֮ǰĽϣ诸ҺѻĻĵڡ
ܹ˵꣬ǼֱٺòˣΪҲⷽķ԰콣ķ׽ء
⻰̲סüͷ
ΪյķӦʵ̫䵭ˣûһ֪ԼСʦûŵϢʱеļ
תһ룬Ǹǲٵֱˡ
Գŷջûи֮ǰæ˵˼ǣ
գҸطȥ
Ϊڴ֮ǰȥĹҪȻָֻ֪֮˼롣
ã
ŵ˵
תһ룬Ϊס诣ŵסҲ̫⡣
ǷǰŸߣžͰ˹诰ŵԱߵԺסš

ĹһİСʦնδˣصذԱߵԺϢ
Ĺ
ôˣ
רźԣ
ûӣ
ݣһֲ


146 
ȻĹŷӦ
Ǹͷֲ, ȥΰޱȥ˰ɣ
뵽Ĺ˶ɵˡ
ͷӣˣ
˵꣬һץ¼ϵĺ, һ, Ҫȥץ顣
ֻһ, ͣ˶
ΪͻȻ뵽һ, Ǿʲôȥץ飿
ˣ
Цˣ
ͷ֮Իߵһ, ֻΪһʼʱͷ¯ΪڶԿ, , ô໨֦չ˺ſûϣƫƫȳôͷ
Ҳ˵Ǹͷûϲ
Կ֪ͺΰޱ֮䣬Ǹͷѡ˭
뵽, Ĺ˲ͺˣ˫ȭҲսˡ
һ򲽽ħ, ֮ͥȥһŮһ, ȥ, ħǶҪɨء
Ĺ
Ҫô
ֱӰͷ°ȥ
ǣ
ֻͷʱ, ȴںΰޱǶԼԼ
ֱɱǸͷ
ͷȣȥҲ쾭顣
᲻á
뵽Ĺһܣյ˫ȭҲɿˡ

һ, չȻȥΰޱ·ϡ
ֻ̧˷š
ǹȥ˲ӣžʹವһ´ˡ
ˣĺΰޱ۾ʱˣҪסա
ʦ֡
ŵ÷ʶһ󲽣һ฾С
ΰޱ˫ʱͽ˰С
ΰޱ۾ͺˣȴǿûӳˡ
ţ״εԲʦ֣ˣѾˣѾǼˡ
ڵǸʵȴڿӷһԲŻ鲻ԽҪסȴȻˡ
ֻ˵ѹջᱻԵģݼֻҲֻ̱µǼŮһϸˡ
ҪѾȥѺΰޱˣ˭վǷء
ΰޱôˣôҲñʾһ¡
ֻ˵ҵĴֻõ诵һ;öģӦûǵðɣµʱΪֹҳɻ飬ֹһΰӹҡ
뵽ʲôæ˵ȻˣҲ˵ģϾֲǸħŮֻǾе㲻ϰߡ
һһģΰޱϵûס
Ϊ读Ҳ
꣬ȷǱһħŮˣǸħŮΪҲܵشԲ֪ʱһĨҲǸ֮УȵǸħŮҵһŮӤ׼ʱų䲻̵꣬ķȻǸԻŮӤ͵С
ΪʱѾ˵˴ڸֱӽ˵顣
Եʱܹӻģֻˡ
ֻĽУͱ˵ʱħҲʧأħŮɹ֮󣬱صħȴԼͷħ
Ϊ¶Էϳʵʩ뿪ħħŮִļе֪յĴڣѳŮ͵
Է⻰ʵͺָıûʲô
ܿͷӦ˹ΪڵȫѺڷϡ
Ҳûлɷڹⱨ
ϾסԱߵԺ˵նδˡ
ֻҧһĨЦħŮȷɶ񡣡
ҲٺͷʳԵתƻվˣɣ
գá
֮󣬷ϸһԺΰޱʱӣȻ󿪿˵ϵôˣ
ΰޱеĲõˮ˷ǰ˵һЩ˵ҩҳԹ֮Ѿöˡ
գǾͺá
Ȼΰޱֺۿֻû뵽һûˣʦûˣҲûˡڶ֪ôźã
ԭȵǸɷ
ڰ
ֻ̨˽ȭͷźΰޱ˵Ժںúסţģڣû˸۸ȥ
ΰޱҪľ仰
ĵ׵ʯͷ˵أϵҲԽ־Ҫȥסյֻ֣һͷ·˷֮ǰĻʱְ˻ȥ
΢ˡ
գ
·һ׽һף硣
ѵҲˡ
ų˵ʦãҽʵһ飬˵Ǹܽҿ𣿡
ΰޱһ㶡
ʱ򣬷ղӦ̲ססο
֢ܿڣǲǶҵݻЩɣ
ǲҪķһ龿
ġ
չΪѵĵ˵ͷͬʱ˵ҪǣǸ԰ҰΪȥ֪ģǺڳһս
⻰ΰޱ۾ʱˡ
֪ôأ
ҪǷƾΪȥȻڣǼֱٺòˡ
ԲΪȡڷպڣȱסԼΪ˱ڣڶֻܰѷȥ
ܿ¶˾ģã
Ϊţղ̰ķϾһأڣڵ˿϶Ҳ̰ķȥΪȻֻǸʿ콣ʵǿˣ¶ҪȻҵ
һ㣬ݣȴʵʵعϣ֤ˡ
ˣҲӲ֤ĵλɲꡣ
ҪǣϵķҲֹһǸħŮѹġ
뵽ֱתŷմȡһöͨͭǮģͭ塣
գ
ֻͳһӽӹöͭ塣
û뵽ôһöͨͭ壬ȻǼһֻ̤鱦ķ
ѹһȺںԪӤڵʿʶɨ˺ΰޱʮ飬ûںΰޱϷöͭ塣
Ҳó²ߣվͺΰޱίˡ
ҲҺˣҪȻҪѡֱӶԺΰޱ֣ʱҪȥѺΰޱûݿֲƬİá
ɲǡ
ΰޱ˵
Ҳ˼꣬Ű˴롪ΪǰħŮǳųɾŵűסǵ
˵ЩõԴųɶ
ҲΪˣǸħŮõķûüֻܰȫڴָߡ
ˣ̺ǲپһΣαôֺ÷ա
ȻѾõ֣յվȻˣҾȻȥˣúϢɡ
ΰޱû뵽ôżҲֻ˵á
ֻǷջصʵûãյĹĴ
Ȼûˣ
Ĺһæʱȥҵ±Ļƣס
һţŵһζ
ٿϣѾһӲˣըȣ±ȣȡ
յ˹ȥŶĹЦ˵ģ
˵ֱ꣬ӣһըҧһڡ
Ĺü΢ó𣿡
Ҫͷ
һ룬Ĺ׳һףζ֮ΰޱʱ͸ǸΣ
˭֪Ϊΰޱѵʱһȸռסһӡ
ϵĶͻȻһ֪ͣ׵Ժ鵽ʲôˡ
һ̧ͷĹĴǡ
ĹѾˡ
ȻٳѡǾ÷ˡ
ҪǷѡȻٺò
ҪǷѡ˺ΰޱҲȫ
ħʲôʱôίԼ
뵽ĹĴظˡ
ŷӦ
ô죬Ͼдȡ
ԡǸȣҧһڣţԶԶȲϵСʦøҵǸ
Ĺ
ȻѾֹǧٴεԼҪƽ͵ؽĽ⻰ըˡ
ǱסļȲϺΰޱˣҵʱѾˣҪʳļȣ˳ԭҪȥιģͷβֻǺأ㻹ΪǺġ
գ
൹û뵽ġ
һȻЦŴĹĻΪ̫ˣ
ʲô
Ĺʶؿеļȣ˵ҸûзŴס
ռû׹ֻ˹ȥȻֱӴȥ˿ĹĴ࣬һȦ
ĩˣ˲ʧĹü˵ⲻȫǴζ𣿡
ĹԼഫ
Ͱͣ㣬ҡ
š
˵˲ĹԺըˣϲֻ㡣
Ĺ˶ˣʼռǵһ飺Ǻΰޱôһ£
յ˵ġ
򵥵ؽȥĹ˰ɣ֮ԺίߣʵֻΪõǼ
Ҳôʲô£ϾԭǺΰޱǷյġ
˿ɲôġ
һ룬ֻһʲôˤ˵ϡ
Ĺʶػͷһֻΰޱվڷſڣѡ


147 
ΰޱ
ĹͻȻ˹
, ֿΰޱһĲš
ôܣ
ͷô͸ΰޱ֮䣬ѡ
ĺҲ˲ü˵һ飿
ֻܵЦظ˵, ֻϲ㡣
Ͼڵ, û򹷵İá
ֻС̡, ɱǱ̲ˡ
Ĺ
Ȼϲ, һ, Ķͺˣ
̡ʲô
ħ, Ҫӵ
ⲻҪģҪͷȻźΰޱ棬ֻϲ飬ΰޱǸ̲裿
ͷĲϲΰޱˣ
ͷϲ
뵽, Ĺ۶գ, Ŀŷա
ʵѾҪˡ
ʲô˼侪ϲ
˼, Ļ, ά, ޵ġΨ仰ġ
˲ħ, ̲ס˽յĻ
ֻһ, 뵽ʲô, ͻȻֱ壬ʵ˵Щĵ𣬲Ϊҵʵ, ԹŪҵİɣ
ջô죬ִֻȥĹһڡ
˵أ
Ĺ
Ȼϣˡ
⻹ʲôûɵģ
Ͼ۵׵İ˼١
뵽, ̲סץյ졣
ȵĹ׵ʱɿա
۷Ź⣺׼ڡ
һĴţš
Ĺ˵Щꡣ
ͷǰֻ˺ΰޱһȣͺ޲ðĶ͸, ͷô༦ȣҪȶԺΰޱô౶С
ҲһĴǣá
⣬µĵҵӣΰޱѾѿˡ
һ㡢ǡ
£һļѾʵصǡ
ԭţȻҲҪúסղУ˵֮£նԽԽ롣
ϾΨһˡ
Ҳ֪ǲĴڵ˺ܾܶ࣬ǰҪӢҲڵ֣˵ǰˡ
̲ס뵽Ȼˣίһ㣬޸Ҳûʲô
һܳ׽ס
ԷǰŸߣžͽ˳ȻһǰԵļ˹
ײǰһĻ
ΰޱû
򣬼򡭡
ôҲû뵽պڵ˴ͷβˣ
ʲôأʲôٵģǼٵģ
Ŀģƭķ
Ȼϵˡ
ΰޱݺ鳡꣬ٵͷȴˤôݵһͷ
ΰޱһǱ
պĹԹСԧԧΰޱء
һΰޱĻĹ鷴ˡ
򡭡ҲǷ򰡣
ϾħҪʲôġ
ĹֻЦôֻ㵽ͼȣ̥ƭԴͲ˱ȥ
ǱߵǸûУû󣡡
㣬סڡ
ΰޱ
֪һ룬ͱһɴƷ˳ȥݺݵԺĿյϡ
ۣ
ΰޱؿڣټŤһţ·һ㣬͵һѪ
ֻĹŲջ֡
Ӹ£ǲˣֻǸΪǿҩѻʿƾʲôǰô
⻰ΰޱɫ˲Ͱˡ
ֻһڣʵȳڵķգԼǰһ־Ͳ㽫˸ǰֻһֻܹ㱻϶ѡ
ҲڿǸ˵ģ
֪ΪʲôܾЩ죬ںӵʱĵ׾ȻĪһɾֺη塣
ΰޱ׻ˡ
ܿͷӦ˹ֱֻתͷ˷գˮ˲ۿʦ֣Ҫô𣿡
ĹҲתͷ˷ա
ȻЦ˵ǰ
ΰޱ
ΰޱֱӾͽסˡ
ˣʦ֣˵÷С޲µ𣿡
Ĺ˲ͱˡ
÷
С޲£
ͺᣡ
ռ״æ˵÷ҼǵʶʱҶѾʮˣҲʮˣ磬͵ŮˣѾˣӵ÷
С޲£ǲҵ㣬ǧټƵ𣿡
УǲˣҵôƵز㱻һˣ
׼ȷ˵ıˡ
⻰ΰޱͫһ
֪诵ˣ
ΰޱ飬Ļ֪ܲĲ²ǶԵġ
ǲµ˺ΰޱһ˵ԭֻЩɣȷˡ
ģһŹģ֮ǰóϲ˵ҪȥһҾͷܲ
óԭϵΪûҪϾΰޱҪûΪֻں˼ͻɥҲδ̫ˡ
ΰޱѿˡ
ҲˣȥҪˡ
ˣ
֪ӣͲգΪǵΪնأȻ׾ٵľͰѷ˳ȥ
۾ݺ˵գ㹻ݡ
Ȼ뵽ʲôͻȻŤͷĹҲ⣬հĽҼ꣬󻹲˵ҪɱҾҪɱңŰɣҵĽ졣
ĹһЦ֮Ի䵽³ΪûĻرգֻǰһ֮֮ȥĹ
ҲһҰˣ
˵ĹĻȻֹ
ĻûҪ˵ˡ
æһֱ֣ӰѺΰޱȳԺӡ
ȻŻعͷգһ˵ôϻʲôֱӴȥˡ
ܲ²룬ϾĹںǵµʱǴ򲻹ʱ򣬿ûʲôˣͷ˵Щܵˡ
ҲûнҴֻǵЦ˵š
Ͼôɰ֪Ƥ£ôΪء
뵽̲סְ˱סˡ
ںΰޱԭ죬ôôһæôҲۿ콣ɽٵĳ档
ֻϧ̫á
ԺϹÿΰޱȷɳĳ档
˵Ҳ֪϶ΪѾõ˷ҪȻΰޱҲԺɳ
˻֣ץ
ļӵǰĿȻЩɢĺΰޱ
˵ֱȥ
˵طǼֱӾͰѺΰޱ˽ȥ
ǧ꺮۳ĺһ̼ΰޱ˲˺ܶࡣ
һԼĻΰޱѣա
ǸСˡ
ΰޱʲôʱôˣ

һҪպǸ˸ۡ
ڶѾ䵽־أ˵ˣ¾Ӳȥ
뵽ΰޱĵһ޾ľϮͷ
Ҳʱ򣬺ΰޱͻȻһ顣
Ǹ˵˭һ
˼룬Ҳû
ȻԽˣڤڤ֮УԽǸ˻ڵΨһᡣ
ǿԼ侲Ӱ˰ǰոհڵʱ
Ȼżգɻ飬ħ֡һǸħŮķУħŮԭӻħȴԼͷħ𡭡ħ𡭡
ΰޱͫʽ
Ϊħı˷ĺħٲȻǸ˵غˡ
ʧȻħĹ
ȻŷӦ
վȻħᵽһ
ѹôʱȥˣħʼûжڶ֡
ǻΪħ벶ȸں
ȴԭͺħᵽһ
뵽ΰޱͻȻЦˡ
Ϊ֪Ҫôպˡ
ڣ
뵽ֱӴ˼״һͭ塣
ЩɲǸħŮõķΪʱû䣬ڶѾߡ
Ȼ޷Щӳ죬ǿлǣȻϵڵˡ
ȻܵЩʹڱԵķֱ𣬵ڣѾ˲ôˡ
ΰޱȻһĨЦ


148 
˵ʲô, ׼ٿһΪһµĽᣬ콣˴ǰ΢ϣҸеɺܷ
Ŵдһŭ, ԶɽΪܵų˳
ǡ
˵˿ɲ֮ǰͻڵĳϡ
飡
Ե˲ֱˡ
ΪҲ֪, ڵ˵״ʲô⡣
콣ԴڶɽڴܵϣЩɺʿܲ
ȵƼ, ħʮ, Ҳʱڵ˶֡
ΪһʧļƻȻôڵ׾ٵؾƵˡ
Ҫ, ǰŲҧڶթǵĵرĵ͹ȥ, ھʹҪٰ콲ϢҪ˵ڵ˲ǹģ˭ţ
ΪҪ֪Ѿ뵽˶Ըǵİ취ôΪȡ, ͸ôĵر
뵽ڳ˵ɫܲÿ
Ҫ, ѾںԵĵͷˡ
Ҳݺݵ˴һۣڸô죿
ΪƻǴġ
ͬһ, Ҳû뵽ӡ
Һʵ, Ϊ飬ҲŴ
ڱ˵ʲôԼ
ܿһ顣
ʲô, ˭˵ǵļƻѾʧˣ
ʲô
뿴ϡ
ֻϼ˵ǲ, 콣΢֮, ŵ, Ǵ֪΢ϵģ
ʶ˵ǰ콣Ҫ֪Щôǰû˵
Ͼ콣ҡ, زסЩܡ
ŷӦҲ˵콣Ͳ֪ʲôϣڵڹŪ飿
ԽԽԼ¶ˣûһǲǵı뵽ôʱİ취
ȵЩɺʹܷ콣ʲôϵʱƱػԹڡ
ȵһߣħֵʱ
ֻҪȣȵǭ¿Ȼһ
˵ƴЦԭˣ
Ҳ˳ɵڵӦ벻Щǣ
ҪȻ֮ǰҲͲһٶԸͷˡ
ںΪѾͶ·ˡ
ˣǵǿԸ콣һϣõȥá
˶ʱˣڵȺܱʲôö
Ϊģĸǳ棬ȻȺСඣΪһ˳ֱ֣ڡ
ǵǿԼָգǿ𣿡
˭֮󼸰ûд콣ﲻϴ֮󷴶һķеķ
ΪһΣܾڶΣ

뵽˶Цˡ
ֻһֱĬ
ΪĶ课Ǻΰޱ¡
ôܣ
бĺʦôܻǸЫĳŮˣ
ս˫ȭ
һߣһɽԽ룬Ư͵ɣ綼䶯ˡ
һʱ֮䣬ʿƼݡ
磬Ӿ͸һ򵥣ҪȻһʱ֮ڻ޷Ӵôˡ
ϾֻСǡ
ܿ͵˽ٿһ졣
һ磬ʿʹӳݳǵ˷۶
ǰһ޼ʵٿߺѹѹͷһͱȽ׳˶ʿ̲ס˵Ƿ˶ȥ
⻰һԵĸ߸ʿ˵ҲһǧŵӣͲסܶһ˵콣ڵǽϣֱӰĵȫˣߣµӵļϵģƤǹġ
ʲô
⻰һԵһ̲ס˵ûյģֱŸָĹϵӲڸġ
¶Ҳ˵ˡ
˵׵һʲô֪˴ŵõһϵļӵ游壬ӲǴҪʮ
ƫƫڲУΪǸûȥȻôо˵档
ˣ
̲ס̾˵
СҲģ϶û˯á
ҪڣٶҲɵ¡
ǲɽϻɽֵȫǵͽݺ͸߼ݵ磬꼸ûС
ϾҲŲٶ꣬ѡĵطҲԣ£ҲͿٳ˰ɷ塣
Щǲֵ̫ˣһôܼžôˣչ˵ù𣿡
֪ڳݳάۣǴŽġ
˭֪أ
ͬʱǰѾ½½˴ϯλġռɽͷĹ㳡ϣҲ۽顣
˵СϢ˵콣΢֮ǣʲô
Ҳ˵ˡ
Ϊ⣬ⳡͼһСؾ֮䣬ʦѡȥμǸСؾ
ֻΪڳݸԲŻ
˵𣿡
Ҳ˵׼ֻһԵͼͽ׵ӹġ
˵ţ̧°ָָԶĸ̨
ǿʮа˾ģҪȻôֻô˹ûϡ
콣ʲô֪ôٿⳡᣡ
Ҫ֪ΪⳡᣬϧԼеļ£ǾͲµ
ҲôģһɵĿģҲҪһѣΪѾνԪӤʧˡ
˭أ
ͬĳڹ㳡ССĽ䣬һʱ֮䣬㳡ϵǰ̾
ҲʱԶͻȻһƳ
ζŽἴʼ
ԭӵĻ᳡˲䰲
㳡󷽵Ĵ콣ֻýһ飬Ȼո׼ǷؼЩͦеģٵģǾ²ס
ͼĲٿǿڿıҪǰˣֻлûкô
ϻ˵
ֱץ˳ȥ
ֻ콣ֱӻ⣬ʧʡ
һ룬ֻһ콣ֱ˹㳡Ĺ֮ϡ
콣
˵ģûôӽġ
콣ڳʿ׷콣ǰ
ȻǶݵĳĬ
ðɣ
ھˡ
뵽콣ֻӲŽ˵񡣡
ǡͿʼˡ
ԣֱ塣
ڿʼˣ
Ҳ֪΢Ľϵʲôģܲܰﵽǡ
׵ŵ˸̲ס˲ͷϵĺˮϾɰܾڴһˡ
Ȼ콣˵ȡȽķ͡ڵķ
⻰ڳ˵üͷֱӾ
ΪЩĶǧϹЩĵЩСƵĶ
˵콣ʱĿİģ˾úܲס
ǲЩСϢ
ѵôӣǿ̣
ڵЩĵӣͳˡ
ϹȻûв´콣ʲôϡ
һʼֻ׼һǧͿԿˣԭӦֻһСˣû뵽Ϣȥ֮󣬾ЩܶˣҵҪҪôճ
ˣ
ȻˣʱҲֻʶûİЩ˵
ڵλͷķʲôû˵ֻüͷ
ʵϣڻûʲôƫ
һΪԭͶЩоЩߡ
ͣԪӤڴԲٶ꣬ۿٽæűչﻹ˵ں֮ĶԹԹ
ƫƫڵ˲ô룬ǾѾûͻƵϣˣãԶûֱӰ˳
ֻô룬ڳʿǺܿ侲Ҳû뿪
ΪĴϣ
ϾⳡŸոտʼһľںء
ֻ콣Ŀİ˵ӦķƿվԶԣΪѣȫ뾲΢գ˫ڸС֮ϡ1
Ȼ˵ҹɵĺһ֡
ԽԽͷҲž˶䡣
žͳʯ¼
˼״̲סʵǣ
ڷ˾ȻǸʿ֮
˵˵ѵûз콣ǰܽķǳϸرһѪҪǰôһʼǣôܵȵʮ
һ룬⵹ġ
ڲǶ𣿡
Щ˵ûʲô˰
˱ǻɻ󣺡ѵûúͽ𣿻˵ǵͽٳһǳԹĿ
ˣݣ
˵꣬Ҳæͳʯ
ͬĳͬʱĽ䡣
һĻ
콣
Ⱥڣ
ô£
ܿ죬ЩʹǵĶ
ȻǾЦˡ
ҲЩССɺɢ޲Ż콣ܽЩ鵱
ΪڣһƵӵķ
ǸûϣȻʶ齫
콣Ҳܿ췴Ӧ˹
ʶոؼе㿿֮˲䱩ǣ˵ҲˣҪ˵Բڵַ
ʱ֮󣬾ȺڵӴ齫ˣҪҪ۾˯һʱ򣬲ԶͻȻһʦ֣Ҫͻˣ
ʲô
תͷһֻŵڵĵطϿգȻʼۼ
ƣȻͻڵ׽١
ŸǼĵվ
֪ճд
æ˵죬ȥλȥҡ
Ϊ㳡ϻŽأȻǲʺ϶׽ٵġ
ڵĵһŵŵĳֱ˵λʦֶȥˡ
ӵǡ
һߣȻҲ͸ˡ
˵ȴˡ
Ϊûб˵ͻƸ̼ǵˡ
һ̣˶콣ڵĻ˲ʧ˴롣
ֱ˾ȵȣҵʯˡ
ŷӦҵҲûˡ
⡢ô죿
ż״˻֡
һӵʯ˹ϯ
ˣҪʯʮƷʯһ飬ܹ¼ʱ
Щʿһ۾ʱˣҪҪҪֱӸʮһٿ顣
Щʯļ۸ϵļ۸ࡣ
һĻЦĸˣⳡȷ򿪷ʽ
ȺڵӵɫֱӾͱˡ
ǽһʱȺȻʮںʿͻƣ᳡ԽԽ֮
ֻǿջЦʲôʺˣȻײôͬʱ
û
ܲΪ콣ؾðɣ
ڶϣϢ˵ʮʿȥ֮Ϊҹʯ¼ؼ˼飬ͻˡ
콣֮ûãֳһԲʿ˽ơ
֮󣬼ÿһʱһʿͻơ
ںŶվˡ
Ⱥڵѿˡ
ǲţܻܣ콣ô֪ôĽϣ
ٵģһǼٵģҪȻôһ㶯ûС
֪һ룬ͷϾͻȻһ
ʶ̧ͷһͷϣһŨīĽڿۡ
ǡ
Ťͷһѿˣ
ΪŽƶӦĿɲǵλ
ҲΪֳڵĵһˡ


149 
콣
ڽԪӤڵؾ
ԭɽЩܶʱҲסˡ
ɲͻ, ͻƽ𵤺ڣԪӤͻƳڰ
Ҫ֪еľ˶ǳڡ
˭뵽ǸԪӤڽĵ, Ҫͻ, Ͼܺƽƽˡ
ǲζţ˵ģ
λ΢ؾܰﵽǡ
뵽̲סս˷ڷϵ, ĵ׵ļǾþƽ
Ҫ֪Ѿһǧûͻƻˡ
ǰЩʿ, ʮа˾ŶѾˡ
Ҳ˵, ˭ͻƻڣ˭һˡ
һߵҲ̲סվ
ʲô
ֱһѽ
ûͻƣҲŪ٣翪ˡ
뵽ֱЦ˻, ˵, λȥҡ
ֱһ̲סקק䣺ţ
˵, ʾſˡ
ʶ˳Ŀ⿴ȥȻ
Ϊŷ֣ǸͻƵ˾ȻǸϷ
֪ԭֻ֪һнľϷͼΪ΢ӹʱжˡ
ʵ, Ͳڲ˹ΪζܴⳡմĹԽ١
ôҲû뵽ôнľϷȴ˻᳡ϵһڵʿ
ˣ
һʹ
һߣλϷͬһΡ
Ҳû뵽ֻǾ콣˵Ļͦе, ˳˵˼һһһȻ͡ͻˡ
ؼ˭֪ںˮݵͷ
Ȼع
ô죿
ܲĵ棬ڵɣ
ΪֻԵС
ֻ˵û𣬻ȥλȥҡ
ǡ
Ϸ״һмسŹ˹֣лĲǰӡ
ǿѡ뿪ڣԼҸطɽ١
û˸£һ˶ɽپѰ·Ϊ˭Ҳұ֤᲻ħ޺նɢͻȻɱ
ʱڶɽٺò顣
ΪڴʿܸƼڴˣЩȻٴĵӣҲ
ҲΪʲôʿֱӸڵĵǰڿٵҵҪԭ
Ȼ󲻵ԱߵЩڵӷӦֱӸǰ·ڵȥˡ

ǿְ
Ȼ˾ͷԽ콣ҲԽɬѶ
ʲôй֪֮ΨСΨִ֮1
Ҫ˶ҲˣƫƫڳĻвپͨīˣʱʱһʿͻƣȻƵʱ֮ǰ˺ܶࡣ
˶ʱסˣųϵҲԽԽꡣ
ֱ̲סʵ콣ǰܷ˵һ㣬˵ʱԸϸطһ𣿡
콣
룬ɹؼʶЩ֣ЩɵĴʲʶѽ
ڷռʱվ˳Ц˵Ὣһ£ǽĵ죬ԤƵʮʱ콣ǰͻⳡὲʱλͿɽˣʵڲĿ콣ǰ
⻰˵۾ʱˡ
콣ԸһһȻٺòˡ
뵽ҲԽļԶֿʼһ֮󣬷·ϾܸЩ˺汻һ
Ҳܸˡ
ʣʾǹдôɬѶġ
һΪȼԽߣҪĵԽ£ζԽ棬ϾԽӣʱޣûôʱһһ׸οҪʱĹأҪȻָըëˣԺɴȫ˹ģһ仰ܶʮ׻ĵ֡
ΪΪⳡᣬǷô˼յѧӦòΪɡ
ǾٰҪĿģ㹻ĸ߽ʿסħ԰ǵļƻǹʿģȻշѡ
˽µָͲһˣǶĹЩʿֿܲտյɣ
Ͼ콣ֳ˸Ѵθôܲ㷨׬Ǯ
Ҳһǰһžʲôҽпˡ
֪ôҵƴҪҲҪŵȫϰ
˵ˣʦĳӶˣΪ˵콣ʲôϵϢûμⳡᣬȥ˺Сؾ
˭˭ϢҪƴ

ȻҲȫ̶ʯ¼ʱԷǵʦֵܺˣѧôܱȵ콣ǰָ㡣
ֻ⻰˲ûͬǣ̲סЦˡ
ʣʾر
֮ǰƤμӽỹҪԼߴð˴ȫϣǺ˰ɣ
ԵڰʱȻɸʱһͻƣǹ㳡ȴֻʣ˲ʮ֮һ
ΪȼȽϵ͵ʿѾ콣ĻˣԸɴһ˼¼ֱӻסĥ֮ǰ¼Щȥˡ
Ϊ⣬Щ½½вͻˡ
ֱʮϣڽԾæô죬ԾԼ٣׼Ĺúõ´һʱĹͻˣ
ۿԽԽŨĽơ
գ
Ĺ
ţΪɲһΪûеˣһӳϳڱĵ˻ڡ
ô죬ԼѾˡ
ֻĹףȥɡ
ûˣ
ͺܲٵ
Ĺһ㶼ģͻƻڳΪһˡ
гֵɻɣҪĥһڵ˺Щܾ͸óˡ
ֻ´ʱװ˷յؼһѣȨһϢˡ
ȻǰŸߣŵ˾͵ˡ
ʦܣλǰҪͻƻˣ
պҵһѣѾֱȥˡ
úúã
żֱ֣ӣⳡעҪʷˡ
ȻϢ֮ݳǶ䶯ˡ
ĹЩҲһ
ϾؿЩʿһһͻƣѹɲһĴ
ϾħʵԽǿħӾͻѹ
Ĺͻ
ĹһչأնʱҲûݼٵ顣
ԾͰȵӵķ콣ץ˻
ýӿˣ
콣
ŵӺϲ£ˡ
Цġ
һˡ
ڳݳЩҵ׬һǧƷʯ
ڽƽ۶ʯ׬ǧ顣

Щֻͷ
ΪͷԱߵЩݡ
ֻΪΪԲŻһЩͽݺ͸߽ݵ䵱档
ǲ֪ǣЩݶʱȥġ
Ϊʿɽٳɹ֮춼ή꣬ʾν
꣬ܲʿϴǵĽǣ˵ʥƷ
ҵȼԽߵ׽٣µԽࡣ
ЩͻƵʿɶ׼ɽ٣˱˺ͻյһ֣ʣµȻҲȫǡ
Ϊ⣬ֵЩ̶߽̲ʱѾ˴룬ЩͽݸѾ֪ո˶ٲˡ
˵ϣյǸͻȻڣԼش̼ЩܣǸֹĨǵĸ󣬾ܲȼ콣һˡ
˵黹ںأ
ʮʱڵϷڳˡ
ͷϵ⣬һ̲֮࣬סս˫ȭ
ͻˣ
ٽΪԼˡ
ԺҲû˸ΪٽͿˡ
ֻһ룬ȺѾȺ˺üڵӾΧǵɫѿ˲Ϲϲɳˣϻȥ
⻰ϷϵЦ˲͵ࡣ
ͻȻ֮ǰΪٽ׼һγڣȴڲɷ˵Ƴμⳡ顣
Ҫ˵ûֱʣǲܵġ
֮ԼǺΪΪŲֶΣΡ
뵽ֱӳĬˡ
ЩӻΪûظ˵
һ룬ϷֱӴĻǾͻȥɡ
ʲô
Щʶأ
Ϸ׼ϡ
˵̧꣬žڵȥ
֪Ϸ⣬ЩǧټҪӵܱʵĿֲŵֱӾסˡ
Ϸֻ˵Ҳһʱ嶯ֻǲٺۣͬ˼ȥƺҲֻһ֮ˡ
ҿԷģҾļϸԺҲڵ£ؽ׽֮£
ŷӦ
ĶˣŻô
Ÿˡ
ˣϷѾǳڴˣҪļڣڵʵܷ
żѿڶúúãԺǰڵĳˡ
ϵĵһλ档
ԽԽ
ȻԼˣȻҲܿϷе˵ԺҪʲôԴܸᣬһˣϸոսӦûûȶɣҪҪ콣ǰָһ¡
⻰Ϸ۾ʱˡ
һĥСʱûܳɹӵļλܣ
ֱӾЦˡ
ֻһصĿһ
Ťͷ˹ȥ
ȻͶ˼λܺ
ʶԼ˵˻
뵽ڨЦ
Ʊ磬λװģĳΪڿϡ
ʲô
ŻΪԼˡ
Ȼһ룬λܾȿֺΪڿ䡣
ҲΪڳϡ

ֻͬҪ콣ǰҲָһ¡
ֱӾͱЩϲˣ
֪ԭⳡᣬֻЩλܣʱסħѡ
û뵽Щֱӳǵѱڣ
ʲô˼侪ϲ
뵽˶Цɵˡ
ϲʱһߣڵһˡ
˵ʲôԯǣͶڣ
ǡ
ӻ˵ԯ˵ԭ;ڣڲʦͽݣѳڣںѾͺԿͬΪʿķϣͨһĵɽžۡ
ԯǳ׼ڲҺ˺Ƥ
ҧгݡ
ֻûѺݻų˵ԯкܶѾĴΪܹõ콣ָ㣬Ҳڡ
ʲô
ӣڳ˵ɫֶˡ
˭뵽أ콣Ȼ֪΢Ľϡ
ʵϣЩӴϢ˵ٿĽϽӶͻ֮Ǿ֪ˡ
Ϊڵ֮ôܲᱨǣ
ڵĺôԺҪõǵʱܲΨǴ
뵽ڳĪĵһ
Ͱŭ׼˴ϣϣ˵ڸô죿
һһغò֣뷴ſ֮ȴʲôҲ˵
Ϊ鶼ˣʲôð취
һ̣˶Ĭˡ
ĵ׵ĲɢȥһɾϢ˲ڴ֮ӿ
˭뵽أԭܱھȻת۾ͳͷϵһʱпҪǵ
ΪҪԸʵټ򵥲ˣɶֳɵģǵĵúôĸɵͽͳС
Ҳʱ򣬴ͻȻһζ
ڹɽ󣿡
һЩϵɫѵڵˣ
ǾȻôȲ
ãɽˣ
ʲô
˵ɫˡ
ֻǲǷɳһ룬Ϳһ׹⾶ֱ˹
Զм˹˵Сģǵ׹ƿĻɽ󡣡
ʲô
ԣͫһһԶ˹ȥ
ǵ׹ֱӸ׷ȥȴʧûй
ʶ׹ģӦûʲô⡣
뵽סֱǵ׹⡣
һ룬һƲУдѪ֡
üͷһ壬Ϊࡣ
ǿ֮ȴһɨϵ۾Ҳֳ˵â
ô£
ֱӰǷѪݸһΰޱ˵պħйᡣ
ʲô
ڳ˶סˡ
ӹѪ飬Ȼǰ벿ֺΰޱ˵̵ķԹ诵Ļֱӿ󡭡
˲뵽һ⡪
úúãҪĺħйĻȫԺַڣ
ڴǰڶжȣЩɺʹҲٰںա
ˣ뵽ʲô۾ʱҲˣˣЩΪڶͻƵˣ󶼽Ϊַڵȷ棡
ʲôǰʯͷզԼĽţˣ



150 
ں¶ϲʱ, 콣ˣ
ֱˣ
ȥӿͣϻҪǿң
ʱҶԡ
ʱʻѧġ
գ˵˻
콣ֱҲ׳ż٣
֪Щôģ챻ŽӼЩʿҲˣȻ, ոǽֻǸת, ϻҪͽ¯ﷴ
ӵ¿ôã
գ
յȻҲż٣Ͼڿźȿͷˡ
˭ڱչȥأ
뵽ͻȻ֮ǰæʵ, ʮ²Żؼһεˡ
ֻµʱŵڲɡ
뵽, ĵײһĨھΡ
ⲻҪģҪǡ
ؿշ콣졮Ƶء

Ҫ, ͨⳡᣬ޵˲ϡе󣬷մԹһ, Ļ콣죬˵˳ˡ
Ҳ֣ܳθСһ, ͻ, ҲòžٰⳡᣬҪʾ֭׬ˡ
콣
Ȼ֪һ, ԲŸ鰡
ǲģ뵽ʲô, ȥ㵱ҵٿⳡᣬǵЩʿ˶ؾŲˣȫ԰๫ȥ˰
ԽԽȻԴǵʱһ, ϾҲܰװռĹͲ𣡡
ȻȺʿͶȥˣͿԽ
գ
Ҳ֪콣ʲô⡣
Ҫ缸ǰ˵ʹӦˡ

ЩʿҪĶˣ͸ûʱĹˣ
ȱˣ
νѲƶպ֮ĵƭһССĽʿܳȥ˵о˳ڽڵľϣ֤û˵ʱǷΪҪðĹͣϴˢϷϲĵ
⻰콣ֱӿ˿ǡ
ͦеӡ
˵Щʵ׽統Щ˶ԸʾУϾûʵϣһԾ֪
ܡ
콣ǱȸỹϸĽԣӣ˵ô൱ռʿԴڳһҲӦõġ
Ĺ۸̣ɽͺˣʱ򻹲ôô棬ôĹôĹ
˵ղɶ˶١
ǣôôЩ庢ѧϰļҳأ
ЩҲȷܹþˡ
Ϊ콣˲ͼûҪúȻɽʱĹҹģ
գ
ֻܼΥĵãʱһġ
Ϊ⣬֮ļ죬콣ȻûٺະۣĽ£ʵҲչ쳣˳
һߣڵĵֲͬʹš
Ϊ̶̲ʱ䣬ǾͶʮһλϣλϣʮλ䣬гڴʮλ
ʹһٳڣΪӵгʿš
ҪЩӿţ֪жɵųϷͶأ
ȻԤϵ˿ؾʮа˾һɳ죬ôҲû뵽Ǿһɣֱӷɵͷϡ
ˣЩȺоʮʿͻڣʮʿͻ˽ڡԪӤʿͻ˳ڡ
ֻϧǣ˷յλ֮⣬ûʿڵżˡ
ҲΪˣŻôȿֺҪڡ
ЩʿΪõ콣ָŵͻƣºٲҪһл͸ǡ
Ϊ⣬ַ˺ôһʺơ
ŴһӣÿµԴַЩڵӵĴá
ǶѾĥʲôʱȥЩڵǰҫһˣϾǰڵ˿ûٳССɣûʲôǰ;
һǬ˷ܵԭ򻹲ֹЩ
ΪǸոհ뷽µʱںڽʱ
ʱ˶Ϊǲܶùڵġ
ԶǾǬǵļҲǲͬġ
ǵͷںڵĶ·ʱ򣬸ûٳǡ
˭뵽أڲڲ˽ŵ¡
ΪڵĵӣǬĵӣȻˮǴߡ
Ͼǵʦ콣Ϊ콣ò͹飬ԺҪ콣ָһ׾ٵ
ǵЩͷֻĽǶ
ĽҲûãΪڳôķͷյӵʱ϶ǰˡ
Ҳ˵ǵЩͷڣҲûлˣ
뵽ʱ̹ˡ
ÿʱҪոһǾ͸ˡ
⣬ž۵ĸɣ
뵽µĶˣ
ҲʱһεѹͻȻϯֱӾͽѹ˵ϡ
ô£
ܿ˷Ӧ˹ʦλѣҪ׽ˣ
˵תͷȥȻԶ֮УһڵġǵһĽЮŵ۳͡
պҲڵһʱ˹
ܿ죬ЩҲ׷׸˹
̲סս˫ȭ
һϣܳɹȹ׽٣һˣҲܰħ泹ѹȥ
һ棬ֲϣɹȹ׽١
ǵļˣ
ǳϣûǱֳô¡
θ룬׻һһ
еˣҲһ㶼ţһһķܿžŰʮһ׾ͺˣе۽ǶǸɸɾġ
˵鲻Щӡ
ʱҲҲ
ǻǺܿ͵̬ȵһͣǱ·׼λ½ǰϲ
һ룬е˾ûˣ
ţ
ڳʿ
ʶתͷԡ
Ͼտ˵λǰĺš
ĻзյӰ
ΪѾĹˡ
ͷӡڶħٵʱǵ¡
뵽һͻƻڡΪһ˵ĹĿƣŶ˴յؿڣֱ׳ѣ
˵ǺħͷŰķ緶ˡ
ô죬ֻһ߷ѺӲãֶ˲˵̾Ϣһشˡ
Ȼȵڶ죬ʱ򣬷ֻܺ˵м£Ȼȥˡ

Щʧ
ʵλǰɢ޻ǸɵĳϣҪɢ޵Ļûп̫ϳϣ
ϾҪһλڴԺõںħ
գ̫ܡ
Ҫµʱųʲô
ðɡ
̾˵
ܿͺת˹
ϾڵĻԻͣѾˣҲˡ
ôҲû뵽˵̫ˡ
ڶ죬Ϊǽһ죬չһջʽ
Ϊⳡ᲻ڻɣջķᣬԳȻһƬϲ
ΪڵţȻ⣬һ߹֣һ˵ĳָлλѲԶ
˵һѿ׻֮δԱᵽͽˡ
µʿˣҲɺһ
ĵ׶ҲԽĸмΪھȻԸ޳ЩϷǡ
ֻһ㣬ͱǿ˲֪ٱ
Ͼڴ֮ǰ콣һֱţڱ˵ǷЩˣû۸ǡ
֪һ룬һͻȻ˶ը죺
תͷһ˿ɲǸ̵Ķ
ֻڵĴ£롣
Ǽƣǰŵ˶ˡ
һĻڳʿɵضվ
һ⣬ΪֱῪʼʱû˹ͻȻ㳲˳ǲ⡣
Ͼ侲
ΪͻȻ뵽ѾǰǰˣҪˣҪвƣͲˡ
뵽е֪ԶΪ£
ЦѣΪ£
Ȼתͷڳʿ˵λ֪ɣһֱħйᣡ
ʲô
⻰ţڳ˶סˡ
գ
ĵһ뷨ǣô֪ģ
һӦȴתͷţ۵֮ɫ


151 
ȷӦܣ
Ҳ׷׷Ӧôܣ
±˵ҪǺħй, ôԸ⽫΢Ϸǣ
ˣ˵û
˵ܣã, ¿һйĵĵӣ
ʶתͷա
˵ЦǹľħĹ
ʲô
һƬȻ
ЦѣģĹôĿŵ, ôһ㶼֪飿
ʶҪħĹ, ͱħ̤ƽ, ﻹн죿
ǵȻΪͺħˣոԸʶ䣬ĹĻ֮ˣ
󲻵ٷ, ֱ˵Ǽ, տƾ
ֱֻ֡
ȻͿԵһͷϵĶ
ΰޱ
һڵӶʱɫ
ΰޱڲӦñں
ֻΰޱߵҿ֤ǸľħĹ, պĹ͹һΪҵķǱΪ, ǸħŮ
˵˵
Цˡ
һ򲽽ΰޱ诣˵ĺΰޱǸʲôöһ
ΰޱҲЦ, ֱӼһȻתͷЩܣλǰп϶˼ħĹ, ⣬һһħĹĻ񡣡
˵꣬ٴλعͷͱ˵, Ҿ㣬µǸģǲǺϵ˳һģһ
Ŷһʧɫ
׼ȷ˵ֻڵӶɫǬĵӣ
˼״ﻹ֪ܲΰޱ˵ˡ
һʱ֮䣬һƬȻ
Ȼ˶뿴˷ա
ȷտڣ˵ŽƱ磬ɻһ֤ء
˵ֱ꣬ӷɳ˼ɫ壬Ȼֱֱŵ˽űߡ
ǶһŷǼˣٿ֫ŤӣȻ˵òᡣ
Щ˿ɶǴڸץģǶħĹĽ̡
ΪץסЩˣǿǷ˲ٵ
ҲΪʲôǰǰѾյϢȴһֱȵŶֵҪԭ
һǼɢħȻ˾ųɡ
󲻵ŵ˷ӦͿüͷ壬˹ȥЩ˵ǻ𣿡
˵꣬ʹӴָͳһƿԪǼιȥ
һĻ
Щˣ
ţ
һڵӣ
֪Լʲô
Ͳʲô
ȵȡ
Ҳ˵ĺħй᣿
뵽һ㵱ʹȥ
ʲôּˣ
һĻڵֱӹЦ
ԭΪҪһЩܱƷճ顣
û뵽վȻˣ
ң˵λѡǰǶۿˣȻԩںա
˵ֱ꣬תͷϵգ˵Ĺʲôط
ôҲû뵽úõıջʽͻȻͱںħַᡣ
һʱ֮䣬ǵ鶼ø
Ͼڴ֮ǰǻΪ޳΢Ϸǵڸмѣתۼھͳͽ
ڶ֪Ӧ
Ҳʱһ̺ޱɱͻȻǶը죺ҪαΣ
δ䣬Ϳ̨֮ϣͻأسһƮɵˣһɫз·л˸ɢ˵ƸͬɽһѹȥһЩΪߵĵӵ±㱻ֱѹڵء
ħĹ
ٴУ׷׼ԼķǵĵӵǰΨĹһʹɱ䡣
գ
ܸЩˣɱģҪԭ˷±ڵ֮⣬ʵΪո˯žͱǳˣ
ΪʲôǸո˯ţȣĹˡ
ܣ
Ͼһӡ
ֻǰĹ죺ｻҾˡ
û˵꣬ͱˣλѡǰ鵽Ѿˣڵȷħйᡣ
Ȼˣλǰҵһ֮ĹЩͽ
δ䣬ڵӱеķ
һӣЩѾڵܵɫҲˡ
ȻڶжħڴǴǰǱѡվߡ
һĻڵȫЦˡ
ǵҪ鶼ˣڻô
һԵĺΰޱЦѡ
˵һҪպڸۣ
ˡ
ΪĽպڵļգ
ŷӦܣܣǲʲôطˡ
ʱѾû˴ˡ
ֱὣ˷ա
Ϊռɨأ˵ܴ裬ôܷŹ
һΣ֮ԻܸգΪûзˣٸˣ
ͬʱҲ˲쳹ڣڵĵţ̷·־ܣºҿһ
⻰ڵĳϺ͵Ӷԥˣвҧ
Ϊģ˭ڵأʱҲΪյ˲ٵٹ⣬ڷճ£ȻҲԹۣǻĵ⡣
ֻǳ֮ǲʶԼٵĽʲô
ǿŭ
ǵ³֪
ˣǵ˺ͼҲܵǵǣ
뵽һڵ˵Ŀ⣬ŵԺֻʣһͷǾհǺˡ
֪ʱһǧѹͻȻɢھеҲͻȻĿһͣЩѪ
ϣּ˻ȥ
ˣ˵ڳˣЩΪԵ͵ʿǵ˹ȥ
ô£
ѵڲʲô壿
뵽˳ŭˣԾⳡҲǰƻõģ
ΪľǽǾۼȻһ򾡡
ţ
̨վ
һ룬˵ȵȡ
ʲô
ʶ˳Ŀ⿴ȥֻԶУһͬǵذīĽ۳Ρ
ɲǼ䣬ɢѹҲԽԽء
⣬ǻ٣ԡ
ٵѹûô
ϾǰϲŸոĿùһ١
Ȼʱգɲ֪λ½ǰ˭
ǡ
ͬʱյҲ콣ķ׽٣
ʲô
콣
׽٣
ǶʶǺϵһ֮Ϊʲôأ
˵콣һѽôܷأ
ʶԼ˵һϻΪ콣Ѿڶɷ׽ˡ
һ룬Ϳ콣ɽ˰УȻ׼ӭӽˡ
Ҳʱ˷Ӧ˹ˣˣ
ҪȻһ϶Შǡ
ȵǱ˵׽ٵķΧ֮ʱ򣬵һ
ɲǼ䣬ʧɫ
һĻ̲סʵ˵콣ǰܳɹɹ׽𣿡
һܣ
ҧ˵
֮ǰĹ׽ٵʱȴһ㼵Ķ
ΪǷ׽ٰ
ǰͨײܹ֮
ֱǧǰһλͨԵĶɽٽʱΪΪΪҵһ
˵ֻҪʿɹ׽֮ͨͨͻ޸
ͨײ֮ϽϵûϽĲ䣬սϡʿҲһһʿһ޷ͻƻڣ˵ɽٷˡ
콣ܷ˳ɹ׽٣غĿδ
뵽˲ս˫ȭ
ȴͻȻӦ˹ȵȣλǰѵˣڹħ黹ûнأ
⻰Ҳ׷׷ӦȻǵüͷ
ΪͻȻ뵽տ콣
ҪóȻն֣һӰ쵽콣ɽô죿
⡪
±˵ȵ콣ǰ׽֮飿
û˵΢浱Ϊħ͵ϮŵµΪˣľ콣ǰħȻҲʹԶܹ顣
һǽĽںͶɽڴ齣ĵλͲԵȣ˵콣Ҫˡ
Ǹûаշ
⻰Ĺ˲ͱˣ¾ָһѵ
ΪͷôУˣԡ
ڷռʱס֣סϷںͷء
Ĺ
ͷԼοˣֻǿѹĵ׵ŭ⡣
ȻŤֱ׳غͷʮָ
ȴ⻰ʮֲףֻһ㣬콣һֱߣչħ飬᲻֪飿
ҪҲͺħͬˡ
Ҫ֪齣ʱҾѾǳڵ
ôȵɽ֮յʵֻᱩǵ̶ֳȣ

ɽ٣
ʱ˵ˣֻ綼Ķ֡
Уϳպ콣
ֱִӺۡ
һ룬ǵľˡ
ڳʿȻǲǶնֵġ
Ϊڶ콣ܳɹɹ׽٣޸ͨ
ô죿
ˣΰޱɫҲˡ
ôҲû뵽鶼ˣȻҵһĻᡣ
ƫƫʱʲôˡ
뵽һɲӿǵͷ
ֻĬĬ콣ûкͬۡ
ʱһһ£콣ԽԽȡ
һĻ˺һ١
ˣҪ콣ɽʧܵĻҲһġ
֪һ룬Ϳ콣ֱӼһöòͭ壬ȵĵסһס
ΰޱֱӾͽסˡ
ΪöͭɲǷմƭߵǸ
Ȼǵڶ
ͭ弴ǰһ룬׽ͣˣڵжȻһ֧⡪Ƿͨ
ɹˣ
Щʿ˵ӯ
˵ȴ˲ɤۣȲڹħոħĹɼ飬콣ǰΪҵ
콣ҲڳˣĹһΣһҪҹġ
Ȼ˵ĻͲԼͬͣסˡ
콣ĻȻ۾Щ˾ȻĲ¶ˣ콣ûкͬۡ
뵽ϲͬʱŵҲ˲˻ȥ
һߣ콣ͷ͵شܳõʺš
ڹħ
ħĹɼ飿
ȵȡ
պħĹɼ飿
콣ʶĿ·ա
ȻͿպĹŵ֡
콣
콣ţ
콣
콣Ȼ
콣۵һ˳


152 
Űп޵ĺƵĵɽ
л㱵ţ
ˣ
ڳʿ
գ
͡ͻȻе飡
콣Ļ֮󣺡ƭ, ˣƭء
콣ԽԽ
ҳ, Ҫҳߡ
С
һһߣĽô졣
Ҫ֪ǰҪ͵͵ڸסյϢͲ֪жٵ޼ˣ
뵽콣ίˡ
Ҳʱ, ۽ǵ׵ϡ
ᵽͬϢ, 콣һ, ֱӳ˹ȥ
콣˸ţ
һ, ˵أǹ̫, ˵õŬʵ飬ҽɽ֮Ͱұ, ͱҺĹһˡ
ʲô
ڻع, ʧ˵ʦܵİ²ŵԽɽ
⻰, ڳֱӾס, Ⱥˡ
콣ΪյԵ, ŵԽɽ
ôܣ
ɲܡ
ΪͻȻע⵽ϵĽɢȥ
ζ꼴
ͫ׵
һ룬ǾǿадҪյķ, ų콣ǰꡭ
Ȼ콣ȴţˣ֮ǰƭ˵֪Ĺʵݣʵһ㣬ҪĹɧţɵ, ģ
⻰ҲҲûõĶȥǹ֪ʦܶĴرأû뵽ֿء
Щʿˣǰ꣬ꡭ
콣˵ˣߣûǵļ顣
ţҸңԲʲôң¡
գ
ôһʵҰʲôʱˡ
ҲȷûʹΪʲôҪô¾ˡ
ͬʱЩʿ˻ߣǰ꣬꣬ꡭ
콣żͬұĴ£ȻҵеĹӡ
Ϊģôؿ䣬䡭
ЩڵٿյĿҲԹߡ
գ
ûҪûҪⳡջʽִᡣ
ЩʿǶˣǰ꣬꣬ꡭ
Ĺȥˣ̧һСʯϣǿСʯӾͷ˳ȥ콣ϡ
콣ۡ
콣ʱ޵ĸˡ
ɣ컯֮¾͸۸Ժ󻹵ˣ
Щʿ콣ڻع񣬵ȥӯǰ꣬꣬갡
콣ŷӦۿ궼Ѿˣæ˶
һ룬Ϳһӿ֧ķ֮ͨС
˲ס˺
һ룬Ϳ֮һͨƬȻһƬճϵһ
䣡
һ˲䣬ڳ˵۾ˣˣĳˣ
оˡ
ٰ䣬һҪٰһ¡ص䣬ȫµϲ¡
û

ڵҲ̲סս˫ȭ
Ψڵˣ
ΪѾˣ콣֮ǰȷ֪պĹļ飬Բûкħͬۡ
ڣ콣֪պĹļ֮󣬲Ϊ˼ûУζʲôԶ
һ˲䣬ԺֻʣһͷǾˣ
Ϊտ϶ǲŹǵġ
뵽ЩڵĳϺ͵˲ۡ
ƫƫǲ飬Ψ鵽ʱ޷ճʱͻȻ˵ȵȣˣڹħ黹ûнأ
ŷӦû
ǵɫʱֱ
ϵҲűˣ
Ϊ޸ͨϾٴĹͣħ޿⡣
ԭ⡣
Щܵ黹ǻ˺ࣺܶˣӻͷ𲻻ϾڻûɴֻҪܼʱһж
ҪǣȻֻǸڣȻܰ콣Ϊɽ
˵һͻͷϡ
ǽϾҪͷϡ
ôţһޱĽ궯ѵķ˴
һߣһĻ콣һ㶡
Ȼѽɵˣ
ԼղŶ˵ʲô
Ȼǿղŵ˳˵ȥˣ˵ȥˡ
뵽Щ޼ǰ̵Ҫյĳ棬תͷ˽Żۡ
һߣ⻰ĹȻˡ
Ϊⲻڳպ
û𣬶߾˷յħƲϵǿɲС
ֻЦ˵ϾҿǺòײŰǼƭֵġ
ţ
ڳʿ
Ĺ
ȣͷ㲻ã̫ˡ
ȻĶˡ
ЩŻعǵҲˣգ֪Լ˵ʲô𣿡
ôҲû뵽鶼ˣվȻ֪ڸġ
ȴԹ˵ȻˣôΪʲôħƽء
ֻ˵£ħΪʲôΪԴ
ڣͨ޺ãؼҲָ統ֻ꣬ʣЩͽʿȫΪԴģȻҲûбҪ໥жԡ
ˣڵľħޣǰЩ˵ͨײϣΪԼҲ޷һ֮ħЩʿĺҲ˵ûϵֵ֮ĻԭӦǵʦֵܡ
˵˵
±ŭɶҲ˵ôħ¾ǶͬԼҲ˵ˣЩħǰЩħʿĺⶼһˣ˶ϣοǸһνĵѡ
ԣŤͷ˵ˡ
ȻǸɳӵˡ
ǿ˵ò֮ȴһ㶣Ȼʶԭɽ棬Ҽǵ֮ǰŵõһϵļӵľ游壬ҪʮŽ
ְ˸ӶŵĹϵϣ˾ĴഫĹϵôͲˡ
գ
ڳһʿ
ԭɽ棺
˲ţȴʲôҲ˵
⻰ڳĲٴ̲ܶס
ȻǵҲõġ
˼״Խķ߿
ΪǿҪһˡ
գΪ콣ǰɣ޿𣿡
ˣ콣ǰѾɣչ涨ǲܸԤ˼ġ
û
⻰˵Ŀ˲ˡ
ôôҪˣ
ڻʲôյģ
üͷһ
ʵϣ治֪羹Ȼֹ涨
תһ룬ֲʲôˣ콣ôԤ˼أ
ֻǲڣԵĹѾ޿ˣľƲԳԷˣ
Щܣ
ԭ׼ˣԵ˭ƲԳԷƣ
ֻĹûиǷĻᣬһ룬ȫƥѹ˲Űȫ
ۣ
׵Щʿ˲ɫһڵӣڣ˲ſ˵ϡ
ֱӾˣ
ЩȷӦͫʽ㣬㡪
ûмǴĻĹΪӦǳǰڲŶԡ
ɢѹЩϴԲʿܵһǿҵѹȸС
Ĺ°һ̧Ц˵ǲһֱܺ棬ǰ˭ͻ˻𣿡
ȻԶ
ڳʿɫ˲ͱˡ
һ룬ԶͻȻһɱħħ˸ˡ
ĹֻѡһħԺͣմ콣׸ħħԺͣմ
ţ
ڳʿ
ȷѡ
ôֱ붴أ
˵Ļںء
ֻĹֱתͷգǷô໰ʲô㿴ǲʵ𣡡
ͻȻͱһķգ
ͣͦ㡣
ϵ˵ͷѡԵԼҲճˡ
ûзӦһʿ
˵úһһ
ǵģǸ
Ȳ˵ĹѾͻ˻ڣһʮ⣬ֻ˵ħǱȻĶǾȴǴѵͽ׵ӣҪĴʧصֻǡ
뵽ǵɫˣ
ҪǺħԺ͡
˲һƬš
Ȼع
鶼ˣʵʵظղƨɣô죿
ϾںͷͰͬһˡ
һҧ˵λѡǰһԣħѾɱ˼꣬ͱ΢棬ս¾ѪħţħΪ˱΢棬͵ϮΪˣľΪ˰һħս˼ħ
ҪζԹܹ˽ᣬδزһǧŵĺ£
⻰һʿɫ˲١
Ϊǲòϣպ˵ĻҲȷмֵ
Ҫǣŵ̨׶ݵǽűˣٲģҲЭˡ
ο޳΢Ϸǵ飬Ǳϡ
һ֮󣬾˵ôˣħȷи˽ˣ
˿ͷͺ˳ˣһ仰û˵ڵħͲǰ޶ħˣԺ̸ҲǲС
ҲΪ˵Ļе

˭Ҳû뵽Ϸӡ
úúã
żѡ
ֻҪչħܽҹȥǾٺòˡ
֪ʱ򣬷յȵȣ黹ûء
ʲô
˵뿴
ֻվӸ£˵ħˣںڵĶԹûнأ
䣡
̧ͷա
һĻ֮ǰʷչħʱơ
ֻڣǺյĽɫѾ׵˹


153 
ǲŷӦ
, ǾԴС
ʲô˵գ㲻Ҫ֮ǰȷǲ, ǲͻ, ֮λǰǵҪ, ⳥ʮ켶͵ؼ, ֮ĶԹһʹˡ
ȻЩڳϺ͵ȴ˸ΪǶ⻰סˡ
Ϊһڣֻʢ˵ʱ, ʲôʱô
οĶûۿڡ
, Խܡ
, ͵ؽճȭ, ҴΪ, ָ׸ֱ
Ѿ˲Щˣͬ棬˼ǧ֪꣬û, , ٹҲûã֮ԳΪõ㹴ħϢʵ֤, û㣬ھΪǴ˼ħĹĽ̵£Ҫǣ
Ȼ, ⻰ڳʿɫˡ
ǿͻȻվַڣĲ˵ǵֶκɶǹģͬ˵Ҳȷħйᡣ
Ҳʲô
ڷħ콣ȻͼⱨڣȻǵۡ
Ҳ÷ʱЩ̫ǡ
ǲȰ˵Ļ˵ڣ˵˭˵˵ĶԹָ飿
ʲô
ŵһ㶡
ͻȻЦˣָЩ顪
ֱֻó˺һֽ統ݷȵĳɷ棬Ϊ͵ԹеݶݷͨջڣѾʵݣȴǽս˵ãұݷѹ顣
ֱõλϣΪΪȢӣȵԷ֮󣬱㽫ɱԻɱ֤֪ΪȴֹɫЩСɳŮӣΪһˣڵηڵҲ
õγϡ
һ߰˼顣
ȻŷеֽЩɺһ򽻺ãֵܣǵ飬ȻҲڵ飬˵ںڵĶԹûнӦòΪɡ
ɣӦ㹻˰ɡ
Щܣ
ЩӶҪŸ˼˵Щֵܡ
ŵ۾ȴ˲ˡ
ôܲ뱨ڣ
Ȳ˵ֻ˵ղţ֪Ǹ֪պħ飬ȴһһںħйᣬ볹ʵڱ飬ȻҲϾɱ
ŷӦȻǵɫȫˡ
ôҲû뵽ջЩùӵ
ڵ˰Щɳùӵ£ЩյȴȻôġ
ǵ۾˲ͺˣһģһߵġ
ΪԼֱ춼ûΪͽΪӱѪޡ
뵽ǵŭûǺڵĶԹû˽ء
Ƿˡ
⻰ߵæסǣ
˵Ѿħڿͷ϶˺Լħƴ˭ܱ֤ǽᷭ
ʱǾ㲻һ¶⣬ҲôȲͬҲٸɡ
ʱʵǸӲħĶ֡
סЩȴֱӻӿǵ֣Σҿںħûκ𣬲ĳЩڻħħӲмʹЩֶΡ
ڣǸԸŷա
յһܲ粻˶ܹĶݡ
ҪǣҪǲסᣬֻԺûлˡ
ãȺĹεĶҲʿ
ǡ
ЩȻҲƲסˡ
Ϊǲŷ֣վָڵɺѾռֳһɺҵķ֮һҺɼ״ʱҲѡԹۣϾ֮ԭپеմ״ʣҲͿڵΪˡ
⻰ڳڵȻ˲ϷŭˣΪĵ״ǹޱߵѾǳûˡ
ôҲû뵽ǾȻҲ䵽Ԯʸ֮ĵزһ졣
Գ˲Ͱ
ֱô
ȴЦĸˣ˵ܼ򵥣Щ鶼ı⣬ԾڳλǰղԸһһҲԸһĹ»ᣬֻҪնɱЩͽͳС
δ䣬ЩɺҾˡ
Щôܲı⣬ô˵ȺĹεļһﹷҧˡ
̲סȥǸ棬˷ˡ
ٿЩյڵĳϺ͵ӣѾ׵ĲٰˣеľѾΪʵʡ
ô죿
Ժֻʣһ֣Ǿǡӣ
ûǳȥǲµһĹһӣֱӾڳϲһơ
һʱģЩܲ˵ġ
콣״ҲˣĴͳһӾͰ
û֣ҲԲ˶
ǸеʽлҪеġ
һͣиһƬҡ
Ӧô죿
ͬʱЩյڵĳϺ͵Ӱԭ޹ص˵ѿˡ
ƽһΣǳֱŪڹ֮ĸоһʱ֮䣬ޱߵľӿǵͷ
ʶؿЩܣϣܰһѡ
ǶǵĿ֮Щȴֻ̾˿ֱƿĿ⡣
ֻֻعͷȻЩɺҳĿ⡣
ЩôôԴǡ
һ̣еľϤ˷ŭ
ֱ˺ѷʲôˣǻ֪Ϊ˱һŹǵģԷǶһ֣ƴˡ
ڰѳ³ǽȥտ϶ҲŹǣƴˡ
Ծû¶ĵʱͻ
ɵǣպվǸ³Ϻǰһ룬˺ԥع
ʱӦ˹ûܶ˵ĺһԾֵĿУֱӷ˳ȥ
ۣ
ֱڵˤ˸ʺֱЦ
ӡе¡߲ʡݲȣʲôʱôǱӡ
ֻζ벻ǲϧΥҲҪݵˣԥؽж׼ǡ
žǱӦɣ
ȴѾˣﻹ˵Ȩףɱǣɱǡ
ڵ˾ڶҷв˫Ȼ֡
Եһʱ˵ս֮˼״ֻһ
ֻĹΪ۽ǵͻȻһöͭ壬׼ߵĺΰޱ
һУɫؽűߵһСʯ˳ȥʮ֡
ֻǿСʯֱӾ۲ɼٶȷ˺ΰޱ
ֻǹ˲һϢʱ䣬ͿΰޱĶͻȻһѪֻŵĵͷ˿ԼһڴСѪĶӣȻһʵصȥ
ͬһʱ䵹ȥģдӵ֮󣬼ѶԵе
ΪղȻǲû˵ĸ
ԺȻǿСʯڻ˺ΰޱĶ֮ô˺󷽵
һĻĹϲ¶һ˿顣
Ŷ
һϸǰΣӦ񣨻һ


154 
û, ⳡսͳĻ
ʤĵȻһ
ϾȺĹεĶʦʦͲóս
ȴްϲɫ
ΪȻʤˣȴǲʤ
һս, ڵʮ塣
սЩϺ͵, ӵߡ
űصʬ壬۾˲ȾһĨɺ졣
Ҳǡʱ˹, һ, ͿԶĿĺΰޱ
ʦ㡪ۣ
͵һѪ
ôҲû뵽, ΰޱȻôˡ
һ, ȫȻ˺ΰޱЩ, ԺֻʣºΰޱȵݸʱЦ绨ӡ
, Ľ˼ĺʦˣ
ոպϲһʱ
һУΪա
뵽۾ҲȾһĨɺ졣
ڣǻܺͷ˺
һŻǡ
뵽ֻҧеԹѹȥ
ֻܼѵĳһĨЦ, ˼, ֳЩĹεĶǿԻȥ˰ɣ
ѿһϷյٺò, ˵Ȼ, ϾǿɲǣһһԾŶ
˵꣬תͷЩɺңλΪأ
ЩɺȻЩźûⳡս, ǵ˵ͷ
ҲΪвʣǻϣԺȡѵ, һΪʱ˼
⻰Ҫѿˡ
ЩССɣǰô
ҧ˵лѣһȡĽѵġ
Ϊʲô䵽زΪ̫˼ûڵһʱͽպڣһ
ûϵɽڲûա
Ȼʧأڵĵ̻ڣǻڣҪǣǻ
һţĳǿߣˣ΢ؼֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬һ죬϶ܳĹЩνĴܣΪһˣΪһ֮ʿ
뵽Ŀٴα
պζ벻ഴľ棬ȫĻ
ȻҲ뵽һ㣬ȭͷʱյظˡ
ҪǣʱһҪܵĳǧٱر
ա
뵽ѹ۵׵𺣬Ÿ֪Ϊʲôһֱ۵˿ڣԵЩɺҳĿ⣬ҧ˵ߣ
Ǳ뿪ӣŵ̲סЦ
ֻǸ˹ŵ̲סѷرԸǿ϶ưոݵġ
Ǿ»Żɽ
ֻ˵ģǱQˣ
˵꣬뵽ʲôֱӻعͷĹǲǿһµҴ콣׸ħҴˣ
Ĺ
֮ǰ˵⻰ʱжڶж졣
Ϊ֮ǰ˵⻰ʱĶǸպúóһڶ룬͵ձʲô𡭡
ħȻƤĺѾˣٲƣ̧°˵ǻȥЩһﶼϡ
ֻʼգûɿŵ־ˡ
Ժܿ죬ħʽԼ
ԼԼħַħ»ֵ̣ԼĹΪħԺԼħӣħΪ˼Ρ
ĹһһӦˣֻһҪǾǽռдԼ
ֻ˵⻰ʱĹŶûҿվˡ
ֻҪһ뵽ͷ֮Ͼö֮Ѹ£ǧ֮ĴĻȾ͸ˡ
ϾĿ֣鲻
ڷЩܹȻҪᵽ֮
ȻĹ͹ס˷յԺӡ
ԴˣûýҪôԷպĹźһڳϣ
ô죬ֻű¡
Ͼִ򲻹Żǿġ
ǵ֪ԼĴšͶǵġƳȫԶߵĵؼ켶ʦʵħˣԼħŸ콣˲ٵ֮Ҳؽʵ
Ͼֶ̡
Ǹ
ھ콣ĹġޡҲ˲ɢˣȻˣֻǴҪԭ
ҪԭǷĹһ𣬵Ĺûʱÿ춼һȺ޼棬ҪգæΧ׷½ػﻹ˵Щ
һ㣬ŵ˵ҪܹһֱħƽãҪħˣǾҪĳˡ
֮ǰȵˡ
ԭܼ򵥡
˻ȥ֮󣬱㽫ϣȫϡ
Ҳ̶̲ʱ䣬ͽ˳Ϻڣʮһͻ˻ڡ
Ǿǻϲص׼ϲ¹ȥϵʱȴʱѾˡ
ʮǰͨȫ޸ָ֮ڡ콣Ĵ߻£̶̲ʮʱ䣬Ⱥʮλڴܽ˻ڣĹΪһԾΪ˻ڴԲ
ˣҲ󣬴µĵӣŸɿưٻţŵŸǳһʮͻԪӤڵľţһˢĹͻԪӤڵļ¼
ʮͻƻڵʱĹѾͻ˴ڣռһ˵ıŵŵľҲͻƵ˳ڣзյЩӣҲ׷ͻ˽ԪӤڡ
ʮͻƻڵʱŵŵľҲͻƵ˻ڡ
ʮڻԭ̤ʱŵŵľѾͻƵ˻ڡ
ֹʮ꣬յЩĵӶ쳬ˣȴûͻơ
ʶʲôһţʢݡ
ΪݣԳͰ˳ڴܵ£һڵԴȡվ˵յϡ
ڲһˣգͨʿ⿿붨ܴӿмȡ㹻
ڽ΢Ϲ˳ȥЩؼڴ̳еؼҪ
Ҳ˵ʿվͬһϡ
ⳡĽҲѾˣûЩƣʵֻǸͨͨŰˡ
ȻܲĽ
ˣΪЩڽеԴȫбϣԹصϷ׷׳ߡ
֮еҲѾˣɲԸٺһʿҲԸڣԶ̶̲ʮʱ䣬˲ŵھʹԭһһɡ
ٿħ̸֮ϡѾȡڳΪһڵƵڣԽƫִ
ûãǾյʱ߻ħϵܵľ˷ֱΪ˷ˣ˵֮Ҳ˵Ϣ
ǸʱæŴӿµɷ壬ﻹ˵ЩС¡
ЩǱߣԭҲܵһжħıơ
ϾǾãħһƶˣζ̤ƽΪħĹй֮ôռʱ˺͵£Ǻ̸
ΪˣЩܲϧУҲҪǱڣΪľǼĹֹˣС
Щ꣬ڲ֪˶ٸɨɮĴš
ûãǾͶ׷׻ȥˡ
ԭܼ򵥡
Ϲˣ
ϵġ


155 
Կ֪, յСӹж
ΪĹڣа취ͨķϢȥ֮Ҳûж
ħǱ߾Ͳ˵, ĹԹؿշĿ࣬ڰͲ÷ź, ô˴أЩħǸ
, һΪںĹ͵һ飬˵ħѾԺͣǼѪ, ô׾ĨƽģԺܶʿʼչȥǵȻҲͲ̫Ըͷ
һΪȼҪķѵʵ̫ˣһ˸
Ҳûжҷա
ڶԷյĿϣħĺܴһʿȴĵĴһ¡
ǾǷֻǸȽϺõС
㷽շȫԶҩͷ, һֽ콣ɽ
˭÷ֻǸĽʿء
Ҽ, ΢ؼӳ, ͬʿΪͻͽʱȴһֱûд
ЩʿȻ̫, ĹΪԽԽ֮
Ͼ磬ֻʵӢ۵ĵط
ҾͲһ, ݵʿˣ
ʲô
⻰պĹʶתͷԴ
ǸոһλУڵĵطеһվ, ΢ǡ
ν΢ǣ˼壬ר΢ĳΪһǳ, ĿΪ˼΢棬Ͼġؼ츣硣
һȵͽҲ΢ٿ
ǷպĹ¥Ǹݸ߸˵ĻͬҲסˣգ
ʲôóݵģ
ݸ߸üɫͲ˰ɣ˵ˣ
ǺӣȻǺȴˡ
룬һûмֵ£ӲǿԼĺ˵˽ڡ
ȻΪΰޱɥ£֪ɵɵԼ콣ħĹ
ôȥˣħȻżĦ˴ţħҲʼϰ΢ؾ΢ΪʦĹϵѾг˺ܶࡣ
ΪħĹ缸˸ҵ
Ϊ콣õ΢ϣڿ϶ѾҪʶһڵλˡ
յʮͽܣ콣ǰĵ£һ˳ڴܡ
ǸϲģȴȢһڴţΪΪıʸÿ춼òɿյĵһһʡģԼȥ̣ţջһȺΪԼߵģܸԼĴܵӣⲻֻεʱӵеĺ𣿡
գ
С¸ĸģŮ1ǹζˡ
Ĺĺȴ˲ûˡ
ĽգŶԡ
ȻͿݸ߸ֱͬӷһۣȻˣɴˡ
ݸ߸˷ˣǻͲ¶ˣһͽ䣬ʹ¡
ʲô
⻰ļֱͬӾ;סˣˣ
Ҫ֪ǸǰҲкܴĻġ
ȻΪʦ
ҪǼʮǰܰ£Ǿһϲ£ϾȻ£ǳΪĵ֮󣬾ܽӴ콣Ҫܹõָ㣬γյһͳΪڴܡ
ڲһˡ
˭֪ٽ˼ˡ
ʱΪʦǰװ˷Լ츳
ݸ߸ȴ˷ܵǾͲ˰ɣ
ΪٿҪˣԲŸӦʱץסΪʦ
룬Ҫǲȥˣ콣˵¸Լѡһˣѡ϶µĵӡ
һ򲽽ûǸ콣ΪħĹĵ£콣Ľҵ׿϶һķ񣬵ʱһŲƾ͹һӵˡ
ȥˣΪûгʦͽܣҵЩʦʦܲչһ㡭
Щͬʶ˳Ļ˵ⲻ൱һӰʮʦ
ݸ߸Цû
ЩͬŷӦδҲ̫˵ɣ
ͬҲĶˡ
ݸ߸һһȥĹˡ
һ˵΢ĵϵᣬĹ̲ס˷һۡ
Ͼ֪ܲൽʲô
ҲЩΣ˭뵽鵽ӡ
̻Щʿȴ˽ˡ
Ҳʱ򣬴ͻȻһˣ
ʲô
뿴˹ȥ
ֻһݸ߸ǣŭʳܣ˵ľˡ
ݸ߸ŷӦ˭
ǵģʲô£
ˣʲô£ǵ޳ܶĵˡ
˵ʲô
˵һ飿
ݸ߸Ҳŭˡ
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ϾμͽģЩʲô
ȻҲȴˣЩͬӣҪ˰΢ؼΪͻڣ
ҪƳȫԶҩͷߣڵ¢ϣڻڳڵѹȡ
Ҫ˰콣ǰɹɽнķ٣

ǵãԷ
㡪
ݸ߸ըˣȥһ١
Щͬ黹һѣ֪ԷǸʿǵʵҪǿ
ⲢǾˣֻ˵˵ĺЩΪһ˭֪һʼĿֻΪ˶ԸڣȫԼ
ǡ
ĽƱ磬ҲòУ˵ǶԵģѵû𣿡
ݸ߸ҲڷӦЦһǲǸӦøл΢𣡡
˵ǸȫԶߺͰ콣ǰķҲ΢洫أϾڴ֮ǰɴû˵Ļ΢棬һλؼʦ
ǡ
ôҲû뵽ЩһΪգȻϹ˵ó
ܻӣݸ߸ˣЦ˵ôյĳߣ
Ҹ㣬Ҿգܰʦ
˼ŭĴȥɣԴħԺ֮ûչˡ
ݸ߸İèյȻգҾͲһˡ
ҿ΢ĵϵҪǿǼؼںн죬Ҫȥܲӣ
⻰ϵֱӾͽסˡ
Ϊͬݸ߸˵Ҫȥ΢ķϣհ˳ӵġ
ϾմǸԹˡ
Խķŭ
δ̫ˣȻ˶Ͷ΢ĵϵᡣ
ݸ߸ִ˸ãЦĸˣ֪ΪʲôҪ˵ЩΪҾϲǿңκβҵӣ
ˣ㡪
֪ʱ򣬴һô֪΢滹еϵϣ
ݸ߸б۾һ룬µġ
˵˿ɲǷգ㲻ʶң
ݸ߸ۿգ˭
ЦˣȻ㶼ʶңΪʲô͸ƶһͽأ
ݸ߸ȻΪ˵ʲô
ֻڳ˶ɫ
ֲɵյĻ˵ôˣܲ²ݡ
˵ֱվ
Ӧݸ߸˵ɫˢһ¾Ͱˡ
ôôɣǸպա
Ҳ˵Աߵ˾ħĹ
Ĺɫݸ߸һֱӾ͹ȥˣġ
ְ̧סˣȻݸ߸ˣһ飺ղ˵΢ĵϵ᣿
ݸ߸£촽˵ǡʵֻ΢һܵһŮǰǼѾԼ̸΢棬Լ̳²
ͣ
ֱӾͱЦˡ
Цݸ߸̲סս˫ȭ
һķϲƾʲô
ҪĹջΪɣ
ɨһսȭͷܲ²롣
ЩͬȻҪʶȤһЩ˵ˣǲǹ˵ĻġǣֻǺˡ
ЦЦ
һ仰ƺԡ
ЩʿˣοЩ͵ʿء
Ҳ˶ˡ
תͷǸˣղŶлΪִԡ
˼ѣ˵ЩӦġ
ʲôһݸ߸ˣ˵ҪЩ̫ˡ
ȴ˵Ҳȫˡ
ҲΪ̫͵ˡ

ʶ̧ͷԡ
ߵһذɣ
ֻ˵ԸΪʦ
ʲô
˶ʱ;סˡ
ϾͷӦȻֱֱĹȥԸ⣬Ը⡣
ʲô˵ҲΪ콣ŲޣֻǣֻرƾԼ΢ͺȻȫԶľܹ֮Ƴ
״εؽš
Цļ򣬰ο֪ܲ͸һԵ
ȻԼĴָŽ޶һؼ֮ǰڽϹȥһҪܶ࣬㿴֮ǵøʦʦ㻹ܳһݣ˾Ͳˣ˶Է
ĵرһţʣµһֳݣһݹҵĵմӣӦôͷʦֵƽ֡

ˣǵøţ״ϵͳ˰ɣĴ̫죬粻Ǻ¡
˵ն˶٣Уһκҹˡ
ס𣿡
ʶص˵ͷŷӦʧ˵ǡ
ȴֱӻعͷЦſĹ𣿡
ӦһĹȴ˵ͷ߰ɡ
ȥĶ̸̸أ
Ӧ콣ʱӯ
ڲЩ޼ˡ
һ룬΢ϿշƱãϼϤɺףŵţһҫ۵İ׹ԶԽﳤգֱ˷յϡ
ǡ
ʧ
˾㵵ĿУһֱֱա
תͷһ硣
ʲôĹһ䣬ϵ΢˲ʧȡ֮չ֡
˵Ŵָ׷˳ȥǵӰȴѾʧʴ
ô£
һĸʿʵ
˻ع˵콣˺ˣ
ԭˣ콣׻Ƿˣ
ЩʿþȣֱǷӦ˵ʲô콣˺ˣ
ôܣ
콣Ѿɹ˷׽٣顣
պĹôһ£
ʲôʱʿܴһˣ
ûмǴĻЩյΪһֱûнĹȻѾǴ˺ΪˣҲԶԶûеܷʱ
Ǳˡ
䣡
˶ԼԺͻȻð仰סˡ
ѹִСյ˵ôá
ѹֵ콣һѡƫƫѡһϲˡ
ѹħῴһССĽʿ
ѹڵ˶˵콣ʲôȴڽóһôؼ
һжܽˡ
ԭΪպĹ½ɽٵˡ
Ƿؼʮа˾Լġ
ΪʲôҪ˵Ƿؼ΢ġȻҪ˵Լģֻ¸ţ
أΪֻǸʿΪ硢Ϊ飬ӳ
뵽˵ĻǾ䡮˾Ͳˣ˶ԷǺˣǵٵ㼵ĺ͹ģûзնģ˵ҲǰǷ޶ؼǡ
ǿĴа
ڣ˵ʲôˡ
˵Щͬ飬㱡
̲סȥ룬ҪǵûˣǺһָݸ߸ǣ˵Ҳ˵ˡ
˵ݸ߸һȺˡ
ʹȥˡ


156 δ⽨
Ϣ֮ʲô, Լ֮¶ǧŴеĹ£Ѿ޴֪ˣҲ˲Щˡ
ΪһȺΧء
δ磬ڵĵطǵ
ǰ, һʯ, ౻ʯЯĲȾɥʬ, ɥʬʱûãһǹھѾ޷˺ǣתۼΪ
ʯɥʬͬʱҲϵ˽Ļ֡
ʱһСΪܵʯеķӰߡ
˴Ϣ֮
ֱʮɥʬⶾճ, ǧɥʬ±, ڽⳡΣ
ȴֻ˲, Ϊŷ, ȻѾɥʬ, ⳡĩΣȴԶԶûн
ܵʯеķӰ, ϵˮԴҲ˱죬ǰũ޷ڵ
ǧ˵Ļع, ԭѾݼĵҴ˵ѩϼ˪
౻ȽĿͶĵطΪо, 춯ֲľ˿ǿߵΪӴҲǿʳõġ
ֻΪûɥʬѹƣѾΪ˱춯ֲ԰Σտ֪
ڱ춯, ֲԸӵ˳ٶѧԺһֲķӪҺ÷ʹཥ߳ʳΣ
ֻΪʼûܽȾ⡪ڵĵѾָյķڵľϵߡ
Ľһ֣һߣΪľˮࡣ
һԦʦǶЩ±ɥʬĺ
ǺʹǰȥǼ粻ͬǣԦʦǽ˾壬Ȼͨ;սֱӱɶս
ΪˣĵȨ߶ǽߣֻռĲ֮һ
Щ棬ռݶλߡ
ΪⶾĸãԦʦʵߣúķѺԴԦʦĸǡ
һǾԦʦͨˣԦʦҲ
ǰ֣գǸԦʦһԡ
գ
ʶزٿһֹȻһֻצӡ
֪֮ķգ
֮ξȻûиűһ
Ҳʱžװ˺ۿ´һ飺̡
ջ˼רӦǰĳ
ǰ֣ոոϻүү
֮˵ǸոգΪڴ֮ǰ֣ջֻʮһΪ;ҵԦʦ
ʮһҲĿǰƶһֽ
Ҳǰù֣ҵүү֣Ԫ
ʮǰʮոռûãûü˿ڣӭһΣҲʷϹģһ޳
ʱ̺֣ԪոսûãµС
ʱ֣Ԫ֣ǽ֣Ϊ꣬Ƕʮʽһꡣ
˾Ͳⳡ޳ɢˣ̸Ϊ˵Դʧȥһּ䣬ֱΪõϵͳƲŵԻָ
֣̼ɷû޳֮Уҧܾ׷ߣһ˽һ̥ˡ
һͨŮˣӣеļѿ֪
걻ȣҽҾ˽ϵ֣ܵȴѾ޳֮еġʵԹϽ˵һΪ˻Ϊ֣Ԫһȥ
ΪһĶѵһҪϸԽӺ֣Ԫ̥ܿһı仯
ֱʮһżȻĻᣬù֣һ֣Ԫļ¼Ƭп֣ԪʱƬϳ
ǱʱδټޣѾ뿪֣ԪȴĺúõģҶá
ˣһλãȻѾˣ֣Ѿ¹
֣Ķˡ
̲סȥ룬֣Ԫء
ġ
ƾʲô財أΪûǮβմʹ뿪ʱĴɩ޿еʱĴΪÿٸõнˮȥڿڿѣʬ޴ʱ򡭡֣ԪȴڹŽʳϥĺӡ
ҪǣʱΪ۹ȣһĲʹ֣գζϣ֣߳ʮʳǵӣ֣ԪǸٺò̤ʯ
֣Ҳġ
֣Ԫڹ֮ҹλصʱܹ֣һΣȻջɨĹ˵ܷ֣̻û
ûл
ɼûа̷֣Ϲ
Ƕ¶Ҫ֣Ԫϡ
Ҳ֪ҪóȻȥ֣Ԫǣ֣ԪȢҲӦ
ֱ֣һҵ̨֣ԪĹϵǡ
¹ϽϽĸףŶԵ̨˵Ǿ
ԶԷԥشӦ֣㣬š
ϢȻ˼ĺ䶯
֣ԪȻһʱӦ˵̨룬ڵ̨ſڡᡯֶ֣ˡ
ֻ֣Ԫеˮ̲סһֱҶԲס̣ҶԲסǡ
ģһúòǵģҾ֣һĲҵǡ
˻
⻰ڳļ޲ǵһ
֣ԪȻǸˣ÷ȴǳؼңؼŵϺŵĺţľӪ£ڵ֣ҹ㷺ھʳƷҵʲ˵ϰڣʮڻеġ
֣ԪһڣȻҪʮڵļҲ͸֣֣գ
ҪǣЩҵɶ÷һִģԸ⽫Щҵø֣֣գ
ֻ÷Ҳۿ˵ʵҲҵһ⣬ǶԲסǣҲϣԺһܹദ
֣㵱ȻҲ֪һļҲζʲôϾڴ֮ǰ̨רŸչ֣ҵ飬۾˲ˣҲü
ⲻ֪ķӦ˿رֱĹڿԺǻΪ̰֤
Ϊ֣ҸǳĵҪֲǡ
Ͼ֣֣յĳ֣Ǻ֣Ԫֱӵ䵽˹ȵס
Ȼ֣ԪڷʵûʲôǺ֣ȣΪʵŻ
Էò£Ҳֱ֪Ĺ˵ʲôʮڰҴһӹҲһͷ϶ǳϾ˭һļҲȥ֣Ͻ϶ǹġʵ֣ϽҲûʲôҪֻܹŪˡҪû뵽ϷҲô
˵ֻһУ֣ԪͲܹϴԼ֣ܽҵµĸ߶ȡ
ԷôܲԸأллүүЩǾˡ
վȻһ㶼ûƴǾֱЩʲ֣Ԫ̲סһ¡
ȻŷӦʱЦظˣúúá
ΪǵȻǳĵЩҵ͸ǵġ
ϾЩҵ֣ڹʱ㶯ЩֽţܰЩҵȫա
Ǿ㷢ֲԾҲֻΪ֣չֶʲôӪ˾ԲŻᵼЩ˾Ʋˡ
ϾǴġ
ҲʱջһתͻȻ˵Һ͹ùҲôǮȻЩҵ͸ңҰЩҵȫӦòɣ


157 
ʲô
֣ԪϵȻֱӽסˡ
ֱĹҲסˡ
ˣ
ǿʮڵĲƲ

ЦŽ͵ҪΪҲӪ˾, ʱһһʧ󣬺ù˾ƲԱʧҵͲˡ
˵˶٣ҲһЩ, ͵Ǹ̺Ұ, ϣ±ͶһԲļͥ, ҵһҲܹĴǵɷӡ
ҲŻЩҵʮƻľ
ʮʮΨһһͨ, ƣʮƻĻͨڹʽʹĻᡣ
ôһ˵, ֱĹھ֪ЩƲȫ׳ȥˡ
emmmһʼΪ֣պֵ̨֣Ǵ۶֣ҵǮھȻֱӰЩǮȫˡ
ȵȣթ֣Ԫ֣չֶѵӦõ¥Ͻϼ˰, ȳֻҲ˵ó
һ˵һ, ܾ֣Ǿ䡮ϣ±ͶһԲļͥҵһҲܹĴǵɷӡӰʲô
˵Ҳ仰е΢𣿡
Щڶ뵽, ֣Ԫô벻
ҪǣǽЩҵĻᣬٻпԲĿռ, ƫƫЩҵʮƻ𡪡
ʮƻǸײϵǸҶЩҵʲôֽţʮƻ͸ҰЩ鹫ȥ, ĺܳܵġ
Ҳ˵ЩҵҪˡ
ǿ֣һʲ
뵽֣Ԫͺ޵
÷͸˵ˣ
ȴұֳ
Ϊֱֳô˿ء
ǻҪЦŻصú, ЩҵȻǣȻôô
ʲôһתͷ򽹼ѵ֣㣬һεԲСãҲˣݲҵүүģȴȫ˳ȥһ岻ãҪǮβˡ
˵תͷڳļߣܰѸղŵĻջ𡭡
⻰֣Ԫ򸾵Ҫѿˡ
Ǽֱֱ뵽ȴӦַ֣ҴٵĸӰ졣
ֻҧЦ˵ɵӣ˵ʲôȥǮôջأ֣һܿǲɡ
֪һ룬˵ллүүүүٻһֲҵǵĻǲЩ̫ƽ
ʵϣ֣Ԫûٸչֶһֲҵ˼ΪȶȽ˭ķչֶ֣ҹô
ڷô˵ˣôڵ棬Ǿ벻
ֻܼҧ˵ءֻһֲҵչֶ
Ц˵ллүү
֣ԪǺЦԺǾһˣô
պ֣Ԫһ㶼ûԿӣֻ֣ʱѹһӵľɡ
ֱһڹڹȻױסˡ
֣ϽӦ֣Ѿȥ˵ϢŻȻȻԶˡ
ҲԸ֣ϽôûлعһζʮΪٻصĵˣϾ޶
1
Ϊ֣ϽǸˣôԸ⽫һļҲָ֣չֶ
㣬֣Ͻٷָ֣չֶʲҲǧˡ
Ҫ֣ϽǸ֮ǰոտŵʱһ֣Ͻš
Ҳǡ
Ϸˣ֪ͨʮڵʲ˵͸Ĵֻ˵ؼ߳Ĵҹ㡣
Ϸˡ

֣Ԫ÷Ҳܹµֱǵ黹΢һ㡣
ǵĿĴﵽˡܹϴԼϵ֣ҺؼҵĵҲµĸ߶ȡ
ȻĴ۲һĴ
֪ʱ򣬷յүү
֣Ԫͷ͵һ
Ϊ֮ǰÿοڣûʲô¡
Ȼһ룬Ϳһʵҳһ㶼̣һЩ
⻰֣Ԫ÷ջ̲סѿˡ
ֱһڹڣʲô˼
ղ֣Ԫ֣˵̳üֱһģһĻ

ܳҲ˵֣Ԫʵ֣̳ʲôˡ

ô˵Լ̡֣
Ż
ҪҸղ˵ĸ֣ԪǸĻջ䣡

Ϊһ仰ϵķ˲ֱˡ
֣֪ҿǵĲɷ֮뵽һʲô͵ʴף
֣ͷǰЦң˵ҰСһӵһһԸͷڿӿɱСˡ

ɷý֮󣬿ŹЩзϢ֣ԪˣǸСǸСһǹġ
⻹˵
÷ͬһࡣ
ҪĲ֣ҵٲܷľѡ١
֣Ԫĳӣεһ֣ԴԭǾ˾ѡ֮һ
¹֣ܲһ̨ס
ǻԭϣܹƾͼƣ֣Դһƣϵ˾λá
ҲΪʲô֣Ԫ÷ԸóһҲ͸֣չֶҪԭ
û뵽ԭΪŪڹƵˣȴݺݵذһ
֣侲ѾϵʣһˮǻڵעǾʮڸƻϡ
֣ԴĶӣ֣ҵĳ
̵֣ģ顭
֣ԪҲ侲˵ҵʱֻ̫ˣΪ֪˵Щʲôźã˸⣬û뵽ᣬȥһ̵֣Ƭ֮ŵǼҵ˵ҾῴƬ̡
ã
֣˵
һĻƽϢӦò⡣
뵽֣Ԫһ
Сô
÷ҧ˵֮ǰӺݡ
һߣص̨ǰŵס֣㣬˷յĹΪʲôʮڵʲȥĽ֮󣬷ŭ֮࣬Щ㷲ǣգں֣Ҷôǰ˳ɲŹǡ
֣ԪȻ賤ʲôӶ֣ѾҶ֣ԪƷʲôϣˡ
ЦЦ
ǰ˳ɣǴǽϵ̨ʱ֣˾ѾŹˡ
֣֮ԸⳡϷΪ֣ԪԼ֣ԴƣΪ˳µؽ֣ʮһҵСӷ⺲īϵĻԼƸ֣ա
֣Ԫ֮ԸͷΪϣܹ÷ҵķ֣֣Ѿվ˸ţǱЩⳡˡ
ΪҵСӷ⺲īֻǸͨˣķ⺲īôϵһУѾǵһУ֣ء
Ҫǣ֣ѾϲˣԷԼǰμŸԺ˼
Լҵμǰμ׵ܵܡ
Ժ˼ǸԽߣʱԭġԺ˼ոձҪռԼеļҲμ
ԭǸջΪĵݣ֮ȻֲܱϲЩǰͰıֲﲻ۵ȼߵ͵ǰüΪ˳Ϊĳ谮ȫС
Ҫ֪ʱһľϵֻаЩֲźˣǲŻԸֲʳԼԼ֦ҶʵҩΪˣʱȻʳĵļ۸ر𰺹󣬹ʲô̶ȣ
ʱıǩǶʮһ͵Ļ׸ǶʮһԤԼңΪˡСԤԣԤڽʵ
Կ֪ӵԺ˼һôıء
֣ǵһԺ˼ӵˡ
ȲضԺ˼չ׷
ֻڴ֮ǰ˵ͷ⺲īĻԼ
ֲ֣뱳һǾ뵽˰ѻԼƵ֣ϡ
֣ϲ⺲ī⺲īȴ֣һ
Ҳ֪⺲īܴӦ˻顣
Ǿ뵽÷⺲ī֣췹⡣
ʱ֣պ֣Ѿ֣ԪһļҲˣںЩֱĹһҲ֣Ԫ˵ġ֮ôûлعһζʮΪٻصĵء˵
Ȼ֣վ׾ٵر֣˷⺲īĴȻ֣׽ڴ
ˣҾǲ뻻Լˡ
Ƿ⺲īȴΪ֣ΪϷҲŹĴԳɻ֣Ȼǰٰĥ
֣ҴĿģﻹ֣յҾɶֳɵģ֣չֶܹ֣ҸļҲ֮󣬼Ŷɽ֣ҪǮƣθԽԽ󣬺֣ҲԸǮˣΪ˱֣ң˷⺲īĴ֣δ
֣Ҫǻ֪Լ֣ƭˣҲͰ׳ôˡ
ͼ֣Ҹ֤һһʵҲ̰޶ȶĻˣԸû֣ҷΪ鲩˲ڵͬ飬ҲԽԽá
ֱ֣ӱ⺲īĥˡ
֪֣յѶ֮ڲе֣һûҲûˡ


158 
Զ֣չֶ, ڲÿϧ֣һ
Ϊǿ֣ҶԴ֣չֶͷ, ֣չֶȴһһ̰, ֣չֶ, Ϊֱĵ֣ܹϰˡ
֣ҿɲֳûոһ
⺲ī³ҲûõĶȥˡ
˵, ֮ʮһλãΪֲ֮һǼһ켶ƷˮһؼƷͷһؼƷ٣ֻ˵һ켶ˮÿֲ켶Ʒˮһǧؼˮ, ˮͻƼˮ𲽡
ܳʳñֲʳĵĻ, ܹߵΪܸƽߵĸǣͨ˼żʳһαֲʳ, Ҳǿ塢ٵĹЧ, ҲΪʲôĻڽʵҪԭ֮һ
̸ԼĹʵʱ, ˵Լһ겻Բܲһ˵Լһ겻Բܲһ켶СС
Ҫ֪ڵ, ٷ֮ʮԱǽ, ӵи߼, ߸ռİٷ֮ʮˣ൱˭¢ϱʳĺͱҩĵĲ˭ܶס
ҲΪʲô֣ڵ֪Ժ˼֮Ը·, ҲҪڻҪԭ
Ҳҷ绹ֱˡ
⺲īΪҵСӣҲΪֻǸͨˣһעȣԱܷ˵ĳ谮
ֻΪʮһյԲһ׷֣ܣ֣һڣҵ켶ƷˮӶ͵͸֣ȫ˼ں֣ս֮󣬻׷֣ţ֪֣ϲ
ģҲͶģһʲƲ֮󣬾ͰԶԶشˡ
Էһʼ֪⺲īĥ֣յ顣
ҲΪˣżȻ֪֣֮ԥ󣬲Żѷ⺲īȥ
ٶǾΪˣΪ֣չֶʲôġ
ΪʱԺ˼Ѿӵһ켶ֲ¢߽ʳĺҩĵĳҵ켶ƷˮҲԺ˼
֣ѾԺ˼Ļ֮֮һ
֮Ļ֮֮һȻΪԺ˼ǣ֣һ˾֮ӣôء
գʲôĸ鰮ݰݵܣѾ졭ˡԺ˼Լμ
ûǡԺ˼壬˵ʵǡԺ˼塣
Ժ˼ü嶷ʤΪΪܣԺ˼ѡԡԺ˼նݳҲ֮е飬޽ٵؽˡԺ˼ʾ
գ
Ǿջ
ʵ
Ժ˼ҪйǻҺеĻֻ¶Ѿըˡ
ԷҾ֣չֶƽҲҪ֣𲻴ӦԺ˼𲻴ӦԺ˼Щͷ𲻴ӦԼǷҵЩֲСڴ𲻴Ӧ
Ϊһ֣չֶ鹫֮ڣ֣ҵΪҲ漴£֪ʱԼһʲô³
֣ҳ£֣϶Ժ˼ͷϣԺ˼һЩͷ׷Щֲ϶һŹңʱҵ³Ҳ֪
Էֻѡڶ
Ժ˼ĺxg
һںڵļҲΪԺ˼ԵʣһԾΪ壬𽥿ס
գ
ţ
Ҫţɹ֮ĳЩ֮벻붼ѡ
뵽̲ס̾һ
Ҳ֪ʲôط
콣֮ûټܵʲôطȥˡ
Թ֣Ǿܷԭ֣ն֣ͷ⺲īļƻġ
Ҳζţʱ֮ڣ֣Ҳ֡
ҲΪʲôո֮ǰĵ̨Ŀ֣ҵڵĦҪԭ
Щûи֣ıҪˣΪ屾Ͳãͽ˼
Էֻ˵֪Ǽҵˣȶûнȥ֮ǰ֣˿϶ǲôģ˵ȵĲκ֮ǾʹǮ뿪ȥĵطʳأ֣Ԫ϶ڶǸϾɱ
˵ʲôͻȻЦˣʵǲĵĻԿֱ䣬ֱԼβ̣һֻҪһֱǰ֣֣ҿ϶ͲóȻǶ֡
һĻ֣ҪǶˡ
֣۾˲ˣá
˵ɾ͸ɣ֣㵱ʹ˹ԡ
Щֻα꣬α
ΪԼ϶ǲŹǵġ
ǵӦԵİ취С
°ͣԺ˼̲Щֲ
ǿԴ֡
Դˣĵһ뷨ǷһֲܹӪҺΪԺ˼֮Իֲܵ׷ΪΪһջϵϢͱֲＫΪƣΪյܹתһܹٽֲ
Ʒ뷨ΪЩ߽ױֲﲻ䡣
ϾԭЩ߽ױֲ֪Ժ˼Ķо֮ѡ˸Ժ˼еϧԼң
ȻյҲٳ˾ֲϹЩֺЩֲɲһ
Щֲǵģϸ˵ǵ˽
Щǳɾ֮źЩߵһģЩҹǣǸЩṩһЩԼĵرںϵҲЩҵĳУԺͶ飬ȻǱѡ
˵˵ȥΪѱֲ̫ߵԵʡ
ҪǸ߽ױֲõˣ˳ٰӪҺҲ
üͷһ
ЩĿѧ˵ЩѶȣǶ˵ľټ򵥲顣
ϾѾйⷽľˡ
ˣ콣Ǳǿɽ֮λġ
ɵǣ֣ԪָǵЩҵһרоֲСʵҡ
뵽ˡ
Ҳʱӵ֣Ԫĵ绰˵֣׼Ϊǹֶٿһᣬʱϰǽܸ֣ҵѡ
Ȼ֣һ׼ʵԭļƻҰǰ˴ꡣ
Ϊԭⳡϣ֣պͷ⺲īһ
΢Уصð
ֻ룬ʱôȥźأ
һߣõյ׼֣ԪһɨϵĴȰҶ˵绰
תͷ÷ص̣ȵ˳غͷ⺲ī˻ԼʰҲ١
ĺҪֻܹ֣չֶԼʶȤ˵̨档
ǿѪķϣʱ򲻻ϻҲշһ
÷ɫ΢תһЩ
֣Ԫתͷ֣ô©ԭļƻҲвͨˡ
ԭǴһ֣չֶܹǸļҲ֮󣬼ŶɽҪǮƣǲԸٸǮˣ֣վ˴ϸ⺲īҩͼ֣δĹ¡
Ϊֻܹ÷Һ˶֣޹ġ
ӣ֣ԪҲа취Ѿ죺ȥһˮȥɢһЩֻ֣ǸԦʦŬһҲܴﵽڵĸ߶ȣ֣ҵļֻ̳ۣٱһ̣˵̣Ĳһǰ㣬Һ磬ҪȻһһˡ
Щһʱһҵۡ
֣տЩʮа˾Ż÷
ʱɿ֣տϵЩ֮󣬾Ͷ֣˼֮ģҪ֣һУϧϸ⺲īҩ
ǡ
֣ȻҲ뵽Щ漴һ
ԶʮķլĥŸôֲԼĴķ⺲ī̲ס˸硣
⺲īɻԼǰʮӽˮΪһϲˣȻغҴ켶ƷˮӶ͵ȥ͸ˣ˵Ϊ֣֪ټˡ
뵽̲סüͷ
Ҳʱ򣬹ܼ˽˵Сү֣һ˵ȥμ¸֣ҾеΪֶ֣׼Ļӭ硣
ȥ
⺲īʶ˵
һ͸˿ڣǾȥɣ
˳֣һ˻顣
ٺͷ˵Ժ󶼲Ҫʲôδˡ
ϾˣֻӰ쵽νٶȣ
뵽űߵһѹӵĳ̳ıâ˲ݡ


159 
ǵڶ, պ֣Ͱȥ֣ҷָǵһСȻվֱȥǸСʵҡ
򵥵ȻĳȥʵЩͨ˳ĹԱȫӵˡ
һ, ܱ֤ǲὫʵϢ͸¶֣, 𲻱Ҫ鷳
ʵҹģˡ
˵ҲǣҪһʵ, ֣һ治һøǡ
ʵȸСȫ, ֻҪų̈΢һЩͿˡ
Խһ, ֱӾʵ
֣, æֱأ˲
һ, һȥܿ͵졣
֣˹ˡ
˵ط, ֣ԪҲʹ֣ſںˡ
Ϊһ, Եſӭɼĳ⡣
ֱ֣Ĺڶʱֿ֣Ԫһңʲô֣Ͻֶ֣áҲиүүĸ䷶Ϸˡ֮Ļ
ⲻ֪֣ŵֱ, ֣ԪһĿڲû
ЩǹӶˮͣɢһЩ֣һҵĻ, һЩСȥΧ
֣ʵң֣ţƽֱʱ, ҲǹŵĻģԼ߾Ҳ²˵̼ǵڷŭˡ
, ֣պ֣ʼûϵΪֱ֣ԵʣΪ˲ڿţǲòʮ־չǣʳסеȷ棬ҪǮֶ֣ƽʱԵӪҺɱʳġ
Ҳȫǻ£뵽ᷢ飬֣ԪǺһЩ
ֻһȰӣ˵ˡ
պ֣ҲһЦݣӦһֺ֮÷֣໥˺á
һʱ֮䣬ſڶһɳϢ
һĻֱĹ̲סֽһͼȦ󣬻֣žɣ
ͬʱ
̲ס⺲ī˽īӦûǵ֮ǰô˵İɣ
⺲īЩΣΪǷôˡ
ҲϾ֮ǰЩʵ̫ٵˣȻغҴ켶ƷˮӶ͵ȥ͸ˡ
Ҫ֪ймҹ棬ԭôĴҶģҪ轫˴뱲ӵ˼һؼƷײ޳͸˼壬ﻹлվ
Է⺲īֻܵͷ˵ǵã˻ģұ֤һ֣֮󣬲ӽˮһȥ
ʱһ
ܹ̫裬ʵǷ⺲īЩԲʵ̫ˡ
ǰ컹֣ȥҪҳߺ֣˽ĻųˣڶͻȻ˵ϲ֣ˣҪ֣Լ⻰ǲŵġ
ɻɷ⺲īô˵Ϊ˺סǣѳͷ
뵽̲ס̾һͬʱؿ˷⺲īһۡ
Ǹһλᡣ
Ҳϣ˲źãҪȻ
⺲īʵҲܲµ˵飬ԭʲôúòˣĥһ¶࣬ҲûĥȻ
Ҳʱſڴһ
֣Ԫ֣չֶˡ
⺲īʶ̧ͷȥ
Ҫ֮ǰԵ֣׳ôģ
Ȼһ۾Ϳ֣Աߵķա
⺲īʶգգۡ
͡ڵÿ
ȻŷӦ
ȵȡ
ڸʲô
˼Ȼ֣ߣӦþǽⳡ˹֮һ֣ˡ
뵽⺲īĺ˲ûˡ
֣Ҿ㲻һֱ˼ң֣ûдеô䡢أΪ֣ϲǰȴɵǰţֻΪҵǾ͸Ӧر˴˲ŶԣǵԶǰ֣ԶȡǸ
Ȼ֣ûǰҪǸְʾǰʲôǰҲɵ֣ôһ˵۰Ͱ͵ذѶ͵ǰЩغҴ켶Ʒˮӡ
ƫƫ¶֮ҪһǰǿģҲܷӡ
͵ӻƷʲô
˵ǰûײ֣ĳ棬ÿһֻ֣ѧѧõĽͺŪǰ
֣Ϊ֣õܣҲʲôö
뵽⺲īʱЩȱȱڳȥĻָж˳ЦأԾͼСˡ
ֻ֣ԪֱӴŷչֶϯ̨Ȼ֣µؽǽܸڳı͡
Ȼ֣Ԫִ̨ǽڳı͡
ᣬֱ֣Ⱥ̧űһԺ˼ȥ
ǲЩģ
֣Ժ˼ǰһʲôתͷ˵ҿ˵δҲˣ㲻ȥʲô
֣һ֪ܲԺ˼ǳԴˡ
ֱӺ˷⺲īѾһûҹҲûٸ꺮ůϢ飬ȷûע⵽֮ͣԺ˼ߣ˵ҵ⣬㻹𣿡
ֲǲ֪Ҹϲ⺲īֻǰڳ֣֮һֱûкԼ
˵֣¶һĨŵ΢ЦģѾ˵үүӦҵⳡ֮󣬾Լ
ֻǹ̾ûҪԺ˼ˡ
Ժ˼۾ʱˣģ
ġ
֣̲סס֣˵㣬⼸Ǹεǲߵ̫˵㣿
Ժ˼΢ޣϸŸԼñģ
͵ֻǰѧܶѡ
֣һ㶡
Ϊ⻰Щ졣
עϾͱԺ˼ǰһ仰סˣΪ仰Ĭ¹ϵ
֣ĺ˲ͱü̲ס뱧סԺ˼ȥ
Ҳʱ򣬲ԶͻȻһѧ
⻰Ժ˼æƿ֣
һ룬˾ʹǵ֣㶣֣ѧ
˺µ֣Щͣһ˵ģüͷʱԭѧܡ
εС鳤Сӡ
ⳡҲǺ顣
ֻһɵԭ֣ѧղ֣Ͻš
⻰Ժ˼˵ȥɣҲ㡣
ֻ֣վãú棬µĻҡ
Ժ˼á
ֻߵһ룬֣̲סͷһۣȻͿԭλϣԺ˼Ц
벻붼ѡ
ҪĲ顪
뵽֣תͷ˷գȻһ
ֱֻӳŽ˰˰֡
Կ֪õǱϵľƵʱ򣬷յɫж΢
ⱭϵľƸ͸˭أ
Ժ˼
ͣ
Ժ˼ɣ
Ͼס
֣ҪǿĽ˺Ľ˹һǳһܴ̼
뵽Сָһеľˮɫ˲䵭֡
ȻЦǱƣһ
ǲмֵͼӵֶεģȻǱ𣬵Ȼһһá
һߣҲ֪Ϊʲô⺲īſţֻ۾ƮԶķϡ
ҲӦ׼ǿԼջĿʱ򣬾ͿüеľƱ¶˱ˮıҪ໵ж໵ӡ
ûģ⺲īͷһɡ
æҵؽӹߵһˮҲûж룬ֱһ
һ¶ǣ⺲ī侲
ԾͺܲԾ
񡢴šƺǶ֣һˣ
⺲ī
Ȼôǳ
ڷ⺲īʱ򣬿պͷ⺲īǱϵľˮڳ֣Ī¶˻ĵ΢Ц
ûãյԴ͡ѣΡ
֣Ԫ״ĵʵǲǰûȹƣղźȶˣ
գǡ
ǲȥȥϢһ
˵ţ֣ԪһߣŷȥϢ
Ȼ˵ˣߵ±ŷ¥
ŷյıӰ֣ԪһЦȻ˷ˡ
ٶʱ֮ڣǿɲ÷˳ȥҷ⺲ī
˷䣬⺲īȻѾڴˡ
Ҳûֱվֱ壬һ֮ǰĻӣȻסߣȥԺ˼
˲ϾɣĿ˲ôصͷǡ
Ҳȴļ϶⺲īĴϢԽԽء
һ
ôе죿
ֹе죡
ʶתͷϵķ⺲ī
ֻһ糺죬۽΢ﺬ⣬촽΢޳ָץϵĴ
ȿȣЩҪҪǡ
գ
գ
գ
t𣿣
Ҳʱ߷Ժ˼ˡ
ԼԼһñķգ
ͫ׵
˵ߴߣҸط˾С
Ȼһֱ֣Ӿ͹ˡ
ߣ
ҲʱʱЧˡ
ŵѾʼ˺Լ·Ժ˼߶ʱɴ˫ۣæһͷԺ˼Ȼ󼱴Ҵҵҵ֣
˵ʲô
תͷ˹֣ѹ˵Ժ˼Ҳҩˣ
ǡ
ƴ룬²ΪԷһ׼˼ƣ˭ûע⣬©һƳȻǱñүȵˡ
ǻȥҽ
֣˵
Ҳʱ˹üͷ֣ѧݳ𣿡
û뵽ղֻȥԺ˼ЩʳĹԺ˼Ͳˡ
⻰֣ͻȻһͷ
гֵɻɣϲԺ˼
Ժ˼ûйѾô˶ˣ֪ȵ֮ڵʱ򣬻ʲôĳ
ôһĻֻһµݶ˵ǲǾЩ̫ˡ
ȻˣΪʲôȺԺ˼췹أ
뵽֣ѹ۵׵ڱصãֻ˵ţȥϴּˡ


160 
Ͳ
һ, ֣תͷߣȥɣʣµ齻Ҿͺˡ
ʶһ㶣ղ֣ǻ˵ȥҸҽ
Ϳ̧֣¥
ŷӦ, ¶һ˿飺ǡ
ܿ, ֣ߵ˷ſڣڴ޵ĺ˲Ҳűü
Ϊˡ
Ϊ󣬼һ۷Ի֮·֣ҡ
һ˫
Ҫ, ԭļƻסҰСʱȻٴȥ¥ץ顭
Сʱ, 㹻£·, ǰȥץȺ֮ˡ
뵽ֱš˷š
һ, Ŵ⣬ͲѡҺܿɿڡĸдϵ˶۾ˣ
˭̵ס
Ҳ̡
˭ڶʶء
ʱҪǳ֮Σ, Ǻʲô
ȫȻԼѾһֹʵ
Ҫǡ
ûмǴĻСʱ֮, ֣˾Ҫץˡ
Сʱ
ҪǸƽʱǰ˶ûгء
Էֻͷǵ˻ȥ
Ȼ˹ȥСذ§㻹𣿡
, ⺲īǿ˫ۣ, ڿ˵ģ
⺲ī
Ȼ֣գ
ԺţΪʶѾЩˡ
ѵ˼ҹΣ
ȻcΡ
Ȼ˺֣յcΡ
⺲īصԲۡ
Ҫ֪һμ֣ա
ͺ߳ܣ
˵ˮȻûеɾ
ѾǾЩʱ, Ϊһ룬һȳϮϷ⺲īʶ˲͸ˣ˫Ҳ̲סץ˷յ·
ռ״æס֣ͼҩѹȥ
⺲ī
Ȼǣô£Ӧס
ԣӦ˵ô£
ϾΣġ
ˮǻûеɾôôá
뵽ԺУ⺲ī۾ˡ
ˣֻһζѣǷһ㣬Ҳû֪
뵽ֱ׳ĵ˷һۡ
ֻǾãȻξģƾӦþܲٿˡ
ڷջͿˡ
Ͼ⺲īһίӣͲſôܲء
ô죿
ֻɿ˷⺲ī֣תסӦסС
ĩˣ͵ԼҪģºɲܹҡ

⺲ī̲ס˫ۣﻹ˵Щ
˵ʵһ㶼ⷽռʦķ
ΪṩķĿеĲܴ
ͱ緽ôַֻأ
Ķǰ
һջԺܿ죬ͰԴȻֵؿ˳
ѭ˺üأ⺲īҩЧɢĲˣҲ
Ȼһ̧Ʒգʾʧˡ
˵ǰӵƷʷӵ쾡ˡ
⺲īҲܳ־ˡ
Ϊʵ̫ˣţͺ˸¯һ
գ
Ϊʲôộ⺲īĲ֪
û취ͷ⺲īúõİ
ҲֻȰһεؼ
Ȼ˴
⺲īˡ
ȻҲ˲·ͷ׼úõ˯һʱͻȻ˷յȺȵˮ
ţ
⺲īۡ
ղӦѾʧ
Ȼ˵û𣿡
˵ţվͳ֣ƺ
⺲ī
ʶЩԾˡ
㡭
ͼٿطʧξ
һ룬շ§˻ţǱˮ͵ߡ
⺲ī
Ѿһ㲻Ծˣ
Ҳʱ򣬷⺲īļĻ
ԭμ֣ҵģҲ֪ԴʲôԴͻȻκȻͱһǿд¥
Ȼһıҩ
ⲻҪģҪǡڲΣ
뵽ղű˺üص£⺲ī
⺲ī˶ɵˣ
һʱ֮䣬աڡָӿͷ
ھʱ¥ͻȻһԼں֡
һϸ˿ɲĴ硣
⺲īʱͻˡ
Ҫ֪ʲô
һ룬վסֻ֣Ц˵ģµġ
⺲ī
һʱ֮䣬⺲īͲˡ
Ϊע˲ȫ˷ֵϡ
ûмǴĻղžֻ֡
ͣ
⺲īĶˡ
ʱص֮ǰ
ֻ˵֣Ϊ©ȴһ顣
Ǿ͡
ڷԺ˼һֱûл̲֮סֱȥϴּ䣬ȴûзԺ˼Ӱ
ٴĵ绰Ҳûܴͨ
͵±סˣֱԺ˼ˡ
ͷμҵ˺ˡ
Ҫ֣ҵĹܼţֻѾˡ
ǵĶҲܿ쾪֣Լźѵķˡ
˵Ժ˼ôһ˾ȻĪʧˣڶ׵ܵĵģʶ⺲īԭڵĵطһۣͷַ⺲īҲˡ
һ˵ʧˣ֣ʶؿܣŷַվȻҲˡ
ʱӻˡ
֣Ҫľݻҡ
Ȼǲ֪ΪʲôԺ˼Ҳˣֻֻ֪Ҫ֣պͷ⺲īѾһôǰʮȥץӦҲûʲôϵ
뵽֣ԪֱӸԱߵһʹ˸ɫ
߼״漴վ˵Ƿ𣬸ղе㲻Сүˣͷȥ¥Ϣȥˡ
еСүǷա
ˣʲôīЩĸ䣬ȥ
֪⻰ߵɫȻֱӾͱû
ڷ벻붼ѣһߣ˵׳ʲô£
ߵƵĿ֣ԪϽ
֣ԪɫһʵشĻ
ҧ˵ҲǲʱЩ̫Ծǡҩ
ʲô
⻰ڳɫˡ
ΪòҲ֪еʲôҩ
ϾЩH£Ǽöˡ
һ˵֣ս⺲ī˵Ļ
ˢˢתͷ֣ˡ
֣ҲӦ˹ܡ
һԷ⸸ʹĻͬһࣺīҪǳʲô£ҷҾŹǡ
˵ţ߱¥ݿڴȥ
֣Ԫ״Ҳֻܴ˸ȥ
о֣㡣
֣ɫţֱŵˡ
÷вһĨ⡣
Ҳû֣˼
Ϊֱ֪Ѿֳʲôˡ
ȵЩۿ֣պͷ⺲īһӡǰжԺ³Ծͻжҡ
뵽һĸΪ֣տǵӣùܼסЩ޹صԱ
Ҳ߼̧¥ʱͻȻһſֱӹ˸䣬˳˽ȥȻֱ¥һͷǰվ͡ˡ
ʵϣ˵Ҳ֪˾ˡ
ΪѾ˷ﴫϡˡ
˵۾ʱͺˡ
÷⸸ٿڣֱһ߿˷š
Ȼֱӳ˽ȥ
ī
ա
춯Ͻ˲䷴ӦԱߵıӽԼ
һ룬˵ò˲ʧ
֣
ѧ
֣Ժ˼Ҳ˲䷴Ӧ
Ժ˼ûҩЧл֣ȴȻѣүү裬ǡ
ǲҪȥ׽⺲ī֣յļΪʲô
ڳ֣Ѿˡ
÷ѿڶôǣ֣أ⺲īأ
һ룬յôˣ
ʶתͷһͿһɻؿǡ
ԣվɫͬһɻķ⺲ī
ǵ·롣
һĻ֣Ҫǻ֪ǱˣˣҲͲڼᾫӢˡ
뵽ʲô÷ǷһûӦ֣㣺صֱص


161 
⻰, ֣͵̧ͷ֣ķֱ׹ѡ
ΪζڹۿֱļڶԺ˼һĳ
Կ¶õȵ죬ܴ
Ǳ, δ򡢶ҶԷǷҵСүҲ֪¡
֪鴫ȥ֮, ֣ҽĴ
֣Դ˾Ĺؿϡ
뵽֣Ԫһ٣ֱֱؾԱߵȥ
үӡ
Աߵ֣˼ʱסҲ֪ڲιȥʱ
ͬʱ, æҵ֣Ҳڹصֱ䡣
Щʲôأ
ڷӦ÷ѡ
˲䰲
ڳķԼͬ˳ȥ, ѵطø֣ˡ
һͬʱ̲ס⺲īСղȥĶ, һҡ
⺲ī
ܸܲ߷ղŶʲôͿ°ɡ
Ҫӵ
ֻǡ֣Ȼ˸ĵط˼䡣
üͷһ, ĿضѪĶϡ
Żôѡ
Ϊ˲ô˸翴ʲôҲΪڳķ, ˵ø, ôͷлԼ𣿡
ŷӦ
ǰ֣Ƿ⺲īδɲֻ֣ҵļ£Ƿҵ顣
һ뵽⺲īΪ֣ͷε鶼ó֣ȴ⺲īôһ, ⵽ô£
֣ҲڷӦ˹
ԭӦҩˣȴվҪ˵֪׷ʲô£˭ء
Էպǹġ
ڸ׷Щʱ򡪡
ֻ֣ͫһ˵Ⲯ磬ҽֻ͡ҩˣԲŻᡭ
ĴĻҩˣ棬ӵӣɲҩˡ
ϾԱûѹԺ˼õĲն
ֱ֣ӽסˡ
ʶ֣ͬһŴϵԺ˼
һ֮ǰ֣ƭ˵Ժ˼ȥϴּ飬˫Ҳؽճȭ
òҲ֪϶֣֮Σ˵Ժ˼еҩҲµġ
뵽͵۾Ҳˡ
¾ȥסԺ˼ٺݺݵظ֣ȭ
ǽǱƵòջ˽š
ΪʱҪٳȥɻὫ˵עȫԺ˼ϣһǷԺ˼ϵ쳣ʱˡ
ֻܺջĿ⡣
һߣӦ֣ͼƱ磺ΪҵܵȼȽϸߣԴлȽϿԭ򡭡
֮ѾزٳΪⳡĹ
뵽Ǿĵıôһ֣̲סҧء
ʱ˻ҲãֻҪ⺲īվΪͣ˵ǱҩŻ飬ʾ飬һܹȻ
ҷ⺲īôһӦġ
뵽֣ԪҲ˵ûֺ֣Ϳ¡
Ƿ⸸ֱӴǵĻҲҩô˹һѾǲʵ˶֪ǼҺīһñӡ
ô֪ܲ鼫пһı
ҲԵĵ˭ֻ֪Ҫǲ⺲ī֣ĻԼԺ͸ûлˡ
뵽⸸˵ҿҵǾʹհɣ
ʲô
֣ôҲû뵽˾ȻҪǽԼ
ôܣ
⺲ī֮ǰǻҪҪҪ޸֣
ǲµ֣һЦ˵Ϊҷ˵ܱڵ𣿡
÷¼ͷֵ֣Щûţ
֣˶ʱͻˡ
Ϊ˵̬ȣȻǴҪ˻ˡ
뵽ʲôæ⺲īī˼أ
ǿ⺲īôϲ֣϶Ӧ˻顣
ֻҪ⺲īɿڣ黹תء
⻰Ҳս˫ȭĸᵽɤۡ
ǷֻǸũ񣬿˵нĻԻͣȫһնġ
Էҵϲộġ
⺲īִԲǾͲܹĺˡ
ʱķ⺲īΪԼǿƲס͵յֵԼһ̧ͷͷڳ˵ĿⶼԼϡ
⺲ī
֣īҷҲܺߣԭҵĶ𣿡
ˣҲ˵ī
⺲ī֪˵ʲô¡
Ȼ۽ǵʶؿԵķգҲ
ͺ飡
ʲôû˵
ںҲûʲôϵ
æ˻飬˻飡
ʲô
⻰
˶ʱϲ⡣
֣Īɥ
ôҲû뵽⺲īȻ׼֣Լ
ôܣ
⺲ī֮ǰ֣常ĸ֮ˡ
֣ܽĽЪ˹īڸҿЦԲԡ
һ룬ƮƮø磬ͷ֮ǰĻԼ׼ôԱߵλ
ʵϣҲû뵽ӡ
ͲܹˣҪֻܹ֣Լ뵱ˡ
֣˲ʧ
תͷԵԺ˼ŷԺ˼֪ʲôʱѾ˹ɫҲȥ
֣˵ɫһ䡣
ʶ֣һĲǱˣԺ˼
Ѿ˷ˣҪԺ˼ǲ͵ʴס
ְֻ֣ѵߵĻ˻ȥ
Ϊ˰סԺ˼ҧ˵ãͬ˻顣
˶ʱסˡ
ԭΪҪһЩܱ֣˻飬û뵽ô׾ʹӦˡ
֣ΪԺ˼ŴӦ˻飿
ܣ
ⳡ֣ǧټƲ󵽵ģҲ֣ҡ
ٿ֣ϵǸˣòֻһӣ֣ôΪһӶͷҵ
Ǻܿʹͷ
ȻˣҲͲˡ
оǣȻ⺲īϲ֣ˣȻҲ֣˵ĳˡ
⸸˵ȻҪ˻飬֮ǰǼյǼ͵ЩҲ˸ǣ֮ǰյĺī͸ǵҲ鷳˻ǡ
û
⺲ī˵ͷǰдռǵϰߣЩҶء
⻰֣˵ɫѿˡ
֣ΪʲôУλãΪһУ֣ҵķ֣Ϊѧһҵͳ弶ϵߡ
̶ܴҪ鹦ڷ⺲īΪȱľǱʳĺͱҩģ֣Ȼû͵÷ҵĶ
߰˸Ҫġ
ҲΪʲôǲԸֱ˻飬뽫Ż»֣ͷϵҪԭ֮һ
Ϊһ⺲ī޵Ļ֣ˣȻҲͲóЩˡ
⻹꣬һ룬⺲ī˵ˣ켶ƷˮӣҪ֪Ϊ˰Ұƽ飬ǰ˴뱲ӵ˼һؼƷײ˼塣
֮⣬֣Ҳܰ켶ƷˮػͱһؼƷֲ
һؼƷֲ
֣ҾҵҲⲻ𰡣
֣Ťһ˲
ôҲû뵽⺲īȻô顣
ˣѾûѡˡ
ֻ֣ҧ˵ã
ǱֲĻǺܺýġ
ΪûмǴĻǰʱԺ˼պҰշһؼƷıѹӢ
ΪԺ˼϶ԸѹӢó˵ġ
ο⺲īҪЩ켶ƷˮӣԭȥֺԺ˼ġ
뵽֣˵ɫ΢ÿһЩ
ⲻ֪Ժ˼Ѿ˹ȵס
ӡУ֣Ӣܣ켶ֲӶ͸
ڵ֣ȴЩͶµƿԣ̬ȫޡ
ʵ̫ʧˡ
̲ס룬һô
ȻѾԲˣҲ֣ҵĵ϶һ롣
⸸ȻˣҲˡ
飬ⳡҲȥˡ
յվ˳ͷⲮͼλˡ
֣Ԫں޲ýǧУôǰҲòάס棺á
ֻڵķ˸ٺ֣˴򽻵һţֱ˵ˣ֣ɡ
յ˵ͷһתͷ˷⺲ī۵׺Цղźͷĵĺܿģ֪ɲԺͷͨźţѡ
⺲ī
Ǹղſܡšȷܿģĵĺܿġ
һһֱ˾֮ġʱֻ֪


162 
Ƿ⺲īô죿
֮ͥ, Ҳþܾա
Ŷ䡢򶨵غͷսͨźš
ȻڶԷĿ£ŷ⸸
ֻûӷպҲ˼ĺϢع񣬾⸸˵֣չֶ򵥣
֣֣⺲īһ
⸸˵, ֣ҽ쳪ĵһ
Ҳ侲, ϸʮа˾Ե֣չֶ
һǹҧˡ
⺲īѡԵغ˷˵Ǿ仰üͷʱ
֣ô
СС;û˸ĸ, ոճҲ, òҵүү, ô񶾣
⸸ûв´ĻЩҩԭӦǸ֣׼, ҼǵԺ˼ĸĸǰƺҲ֣, ǵĿ, Ӧ֣պԺ˼յһ飬Ȼ, Ȼ֣պԺ˼ȥԼҵļҲ, ýԼɣԼμֳǡ
ֻǲ֪֣ʹʲôֶ, Ȼ֣ҵƤӵ, Щҩ֣ı
ǲ׼ǻΪīʧٶ, Թ֧ĺīӶ, ¥ץ, ֱ, Ҳƺõġ
֣յĿҲ, ƻ֣Һͷҵ֣ɨء
ǧ򲻸Ƶ⺲īͷϡ
Ϊһ⺲īⲻҲᱻϷ˼, ʱ򻹲֪ᱻôЦء
Ҳ֪һʮˣĶôĹ
ŭָǴ֣ԪǶŴġ
Ͼ֣ԣ֣ܺõĶȥ
ҲΪʲô֮ǰ˵鱾ǹҧҪԭ
⺲īעȻȫǾ䡮ƶ߳ˡסˣ̲סóһ֣յϢֱѳһ֣ۣ磺
ֻ֣ǸˣǸԦʦ궼ʮˣֻǸⱲӶҲǸ弶ˣ弶Ԧʦһأͬӣ֣ǰѾ弶ˣ֮£֣Ŀҡ
ֱ磺ռԼݵλѹͷϣ֣Ȼʳǵϵûô׹ȥ
ɱʱһ󡣡
ʷһ̬ǿɱ˿ΪС󶼱˫̥ѹƣ⵽ѵĲƽʧ⣬˷·
Ҳ֣Լһүүģô֣ܺôԶء

⺲ī

֣ΪʲôܳΪ弶ߣǰͿռҵι
Ҫ֣ҲĴҲڻֻһԦʦ
뵽⺲īͷһ
ͺĶ
һǿʲôġ
⸸ҲģʮˣƾʲôҺ֣ӲӲ
Ҳ벻ס
Ҳ֪ҪǽϷǿ϶û취ô˳˵⺲ī֣Ļ¡
ĳг̶˵ǻлл֣ղǡ
ֻ˵ֻҪԺƵͷϣôƴһС
뵽ʲôתͷ⺲ī㣬֣ղʲôö
⺲ī
Ųǡ
֣ҪǸ֮ǰ֣ңͱеͷʣˡ
ЩҲҪ²ṩġ
ûбֱˡ
ʵֻǾʱ䲻һ˾ӵķգ
Ȼ˵ԺٺΪá
˵Ǹղ֣صҷ⺲īҪͨźŵ顣
Ψַ⺲īֱˡ
֪⺲īעûϡ
ΪҲʱĹͻȻˡ
ĽʾյһϢһǷշɡ
ʶ㿪һŵӰƱңһȥӰ𣿡
ѣ

ص㵱Ȼ֣ԼȥӰ
⺲īĶ䶶˶ڸû˵ʲô˵ͷá
⸸Ҳˡ
ʲô˵֣˻ЩؼƷֲ֮⣬ʣµĶԼźˡ
Ҳȱ㶫Щ󲿷Ƿ⺲īԼĶԲȫ͵Ǹ⺲īĽˣˣ֣˳
֪ǣ⻰⺲ī¶˾ӡ
ΪһǿĺĶ
ԭ
뵽⺲ī̲סһΣƮллְ֣
߷֮󣬹֣ҲٿǣֱӴ֣˼ҵķտɲ֪ôһĹδδ˸ԲѾ˼ñܶԶ֮ˡ
һ£ûв´ǾѾַˡ
ȫң
ҲǮܿģ
˵ˣӵ۾Ҫˡ
ûмǴĻ֣δİɡ
ԣûмǴδվ֣Աߵλ
СƱƣδǽһأΪ켶ֲӶ͵͸
ܳתͺͱ˹һ𣿡
ӿţˣ
ȵȣһ֪Ǹı֣ôô֪ôμⳡ磬飿
Ǹıô֣δһôñѾǼȶʵ
ԼҾеҲ˱˵Ĺƣ˵ʲô˵Ҳˡ
һʼ˵Ŀ֣ո⺲īҩҪв֮£ǲŻ¥ȥץ飬ץ֣ͷϡ
ȵȣôһ˵һ飬ǻǵ֮ǰ׼¥ץʱֱ֣Ϸ·û֣صֱ䣬ֳµ֣֮ĵһӦȥֱ֣ע⣬ǵһӦ
ϸ˼֣
˵ʵע⵽ֱ֣ûйأ͵֣յĳ״ֱļڿ
֮ǰæסЩҪΧ۵ı͵ʱһΪΪ֣ղģΪ֣գأ
Ҳһ֪֮ǰһڵӣһרŽͼ˸ȦŻ
֮ǰ֣ԸһļҲֶ֣£Ҳûô򵥡

飡
֣Ԫݺݵؽֱߵˮˤ˵ϡ
鴫ȥ֮󣬾ֱӳѣ֣ԴЩôܷôõһᣬԽʰ
ĳЩƵվϣһЩоǵ΢Ҵʵֶ֣ĿƵһȰռȰ
˵֮ǰжƳ֣ңھж֣ҡ
֣ҵ׻ˡ
ˣͺѾ֣һõñһ֣ԴΪ֣ĸףͬһμҲϡ¼ҷܻıǩЩԱҲΪȻԾڸղţֱͨ˱֣Դ˾ѡ˵ʸ
Ϊ⣬֣ʮıȫˡ
Ȼ׼浽һ̣ǻ絶ʡ
û¡
÷ҧгݵǻԺ˼ڣһܹɽ𡣡
⻰֣һĬȻŵ˵ͷû
ΪܸоԴ鷢֮Ժ˼̬Ⱦ˺ܶ࣬ȻҲӦ˽ѹӢó֣һծ
ﲻЩ
ʲô÷˵СһҪǧС
ȻڵıѾˮƯֶ֣ȻҲûмŵıҪˡ
֣Ԫȴ˵С
뵽ǣȻҲ뵽
Ƿ˲ģȴܲ⣺Ϊڶ֪ΪʲôҺԣô֪ǵļƻƤӵ»ơ
˭ܱ֤ǻ᲻ƶüƻֱֶ֣һ
֮Ȱȥȫ
⻰÷Ҳֻܺ޺޵Ǿٵ⼸졣
Ҳ֣˺޵ʱ򣬷Ѿһõ廨ڵӰԺվˡ
Դķ⺲īһ۾Ϳ
Ȼ˲Ͳؼӿٶȡ
ȵٰһõ廨ֱӾƮˡ
ʺõ廨ӳݿ㡢޳꣬ĿԽĳȣס˷⺲ī֣߰ɡ
⺲ī
͵͵һ۷֡
⡢ô
ȻҲ˺󰡣
Խ˵ӰԺ֮ڵӰӳǰĿ϶ʵҽʮ֣꣬ˣ
֣໥֮и˽⡣
֪üͷһҽʮġ
⺲ī
겻Ƕʮ


163 
Ĳ֪ҵʲô𣿡
⺲īʶ
ʮʲôϵ
յЦԺ֪ˡ
⺲ī
ܾ÷˵Ĳʲô
תһ, Ҫǲϻ
տɲ֪žͲʮ˾ֳ»ڿˣ˵ԷԼδɷֻǸԦʦ𣿡
⺲ī
ôֱӰԼ֤ó
˵õ໥˽һ, ôͻȻ˵ˣ
˴, 򶨵ԡ
ЦҾͱȽˡ
ţ
⺲īͷһ
ΪҲǺ, ǿ֣ʮֹ֣ȴɲϲǰҪԭֻǸͨˡ
, ߿ͨǳ̬
ѵҲôģ
Ͷ˷ЦͰ˫ֻۣϲ
⺲ī
˭ס
ͣ
⺲īֺˡ
ôô᣿
йδᡣ
Ҳʱ, Ӱʼˡ
Ҳֱ壺ˣӰɣ
ϵ糺ûȥķ⺲ī
˭ȥ
ڷտŵӰʱ򻹲ϣݱ׻, ֮Ҫ֣õĻ֡
յǺ̹Ȼ, Ƿ⺲īͲ, Ҫ̨ĵ, ʹܸ߹ӰŮ쭵ĺˡ
ֱӰûסⳡӰ˭ʲô, ֻǵŮһʧܵĺ
Ȼ˵Ľ𣿡
ʲô
⺲īʶתͷ
һ, վֱӴ촽ϡ
䣡
⺲ī˶ˡ
ôɵɵصֿĴ࣬ǻصһһһ, ֱҪʱ򣬶Էδķſ
ڵعʱ˶Ѿſڷջˡ
⺲ī
Ȼ󲻵ֱ壬վ, ˵ڸоô
⺲īʶ˳Ŀ⿴ȥֻ˶ĻϣŮӵһҵǡ
Էǿղһֱ治ţΪĽŮǣԾ
ô
Ҫ֪ǵڶμ棬ڶûȷϵ
Ȼǣǰֻ׷֣ܣʲôʱôԴԷ⺲īʱøˡ
ͺĶ
ԽԽĶ
ôвǳ໹Ը񶼺ǰϲóˡ
Ҳʱ򣬷˵ɫ磬ҪҪȥҵʵҿһ
⺲īչʾһԼϾӡֶ˭ء
ŽͰ˺嵽ֵء
á
⺲īôܾܾ
˵ӰԺ֮󣬱ӰԺһ⺲ī˲ƽ١
ٿֵʱ̲סЩɣͷյĽչǲе̫ˡ
Ͼǵһμ͡ڶμ϶ݡӵ¿ɻô졣
⺲īԽԽòԾ
ƫƫ벻׵ĶԾ
Գŷȥͣѳļ϶͵͵˹ԡ
ѯһı磬ϾǸˣȻϵߣ켣ڸ̳ĹѪHдĻࡣ
תһ룬Ҫǰ磬©죬õȵ죬ҾͶ֪ںͷ̸ˡ
Ȼ˵ãֻǷԶ֣ˣǿɲһܷܽա
ֻ˶Σһ̳Ȼɻȥ
Ȼ֮ǰϷֱӱʡԳͷϽʶ̸Բ˽һӴĴ㡣
ʲôɰ飡
أҲһôõѡ
Сһӣһѣ
ҷʲôϱɷ죬֮ǹʻĹ
¥㣬㣡

һ浹Ľ⺲īʱһ
Ȼ
֪ʱһͻȻ˳
ɱҸжˣ㱻PUA֪𣿡
⺲ī
ʲô
⺲īĺ˲ûˣ׼˾ʱͻȻ˵ID:ҴСȴǸԣ
⡤Сܡī
ⲻǸ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
IDô£
ôɴֱӷҵ֤š
ô룬⺲īȴǱ졣
ֻĽҲûˡ
ͺͷУ
˼
ҪӺòҵһ빷˸ζͱͺͷһ߷
ҴСȴǸԣʲôͺͷǴʵڲеĻǽСǸҲа
⺲ī
ȻǰȷǸûѾˣԴɲģ
ڲǾЩʱһһصô˵
ҴСȴǸԣ˵Ϊʲô㱻PUAˣһ˵໥֮䶼һ飬Ҵʲôһ飬Ϊһ켣̳ʮľνһ飬߳Ǽɫ⣬ŮΪ˰ƭϴ˵ĹͼıҲĶȥ
⺲ī
磬ͼõıȹС˵6֪
ҴСȴǸԣڶ˵ȥӰԺʱ˾͹ȥģԼģûв´ĻļӦҪɣ
⺲īǵġ
ҴСȴǸԣĿĲǺ𣿡
棬̽ԣݻ٣ŰPUA岽塣
Ϊ岽巨еĵһĿĲͬĿϲõ裬Ŀע⡣
Ϊʲôڼĵһͻһĸоԭ򡣡
Լϼʱͨӣ⺲ī죬ͻȻ֪ôظˡ
ЩΧ۵ѾҲһˣеӡ
ҴСȴǸԣ̽ʵٹзΪ׶Σ߸йԣϢ̫٣û취ϸԼһ£Щ
ΪϷġǼ£ĿеֱӾͱøߴ
ΪЩͷյۣʱۻˣˡɷյ˼
뵽⺲ī׳Ĭˡ
ЩΧѵ˵ôͺͷû˵
¥ôһֱûлظ
⻹˵𣬿¥ǹˡ
ҴСȴǸԣַΪһյĿ꣬Թϵȡ
ЩΧ۵ѵ˵ⲻ¥ھ𣿡
ҴСȴǸԣûв´ĻϾͻһӪǿ̼㣬Ӷյṩʰ
⺲ī˲ø
ֱӦûɷգȴ˵ĺȷе
ٿЩΧѵĿڷҲűˣ
Բۣ¥СˣPUAһ㶼ǲֶεģȵıסˣƭǮƭģһԷǸ̬ɱпܵġ
ҲʱҴСȴǸ˵˳һ䣬¥ǸСе񰡣һĵ
⺲ī
Ȼǰȷ켶ֲ˵Ĵ£ڵŲʲôԣ
Ҳʱ򣬷ȡ˳ˡ
⺲īֻ˹ԡ
ȴȻòС
ôPUAأ
ôÿôֱ
޷˵Щ
ΪˣҪǲPUA
뵽һ̧
ȻڿǸСĲСʵ֮󣬷⺲īľһ롣
һ룬۾Ʈˡ
Ϊջһ״ӳˡ
Ǽ״Ӿһͬʱֽյıͦ׳Ĺյ쾡£ԸеĺᣬǺӣ⺲īȴƫƫϸܵһ˿Ϣ
ơƷջ
⺲ī˲һʡ
ôʵҵˡ
΢ƽ²֮󣬷Ѿʵҡ
˵ϲҸղ͸õ𣿡
⺲īϲ
ϾʱעȫڷϣĻǵʲôõ塣
Ȼ˳ŷյĿ⿴˹ȥ
һԵõ廨ȱһ顣
Ȼ֮ǰ͸ЩõǴժġ
һõ廨ʵԱ˷ܵһƷıõ壬ʮƷıõġ
ƷıõƷıõ壿
⺲īĴעɷڷյϴŵİ״ϣ⻰̲ס㶡
ұֲңȻֻǸͨˣǶԱֲһ˽ġ
֪ñֲֲһܼѵ飬ֻľϵ߲ſԣҪȻԱֲʮ½һӵٶȣͱֲɻˣôз۴
ҼɹˣıֲȼĸȼڽĿܸ΢΢ҵȼԽߵıֲӣܹĿԾԽ͡
ǷվȻʮƷıõӾһͬƷıõ壿
Ҫֲֻ֪ҪƼѾмֲˡ
һƷõҪǷŵ棬Ѿ֧һˮСܹ˾ˡ
ҪǣԦʦֲľϵߣôóֲ
ǲµ˷⺲īһʵԱ˵Ϊϰ巢һҺӪҺҺ߾ɸѡ֮ıֲӵĳѿʣӪҺȶֲƷʵϣõշѿʱƷֻлƼƷӪҺĽ£ڳ֮ǰƽ
ʮӲֻһõŶš
Ҫģֶ֪츲صı仯
뵽⺲ī̲סתͷ˷ա
Ȼô
˶ڿʱȻȡôĳɾֱͣǿĵ䷶
뵽ʲô۾ʱˡ
ΪôĻǱ˵ķPUA£ӦҲͲ˰ɣ
ϾôˣﻹõPUA
һ룬ʵԱ˵ֻϧͨıֲӵȼߣߵȼıֲмв˵Իǳ͡ǰЩͼӪҺҺо֮ʵͼͣˡ
һԵʵԱҲ̲ס˵Ҫܵ켶ֲӾͺˣԸϰxing
˵֮ʶڵϰǷգǰǸlspҪǣ⺲īòƻδϰ
ֻǲĿڣ⻰͸˵زеķ⺲īǰһһȣѿڶ켶ֲҼҾС
ЩоԱ۾˲ˣģ
⺲īȴסˡ
ȵȣ켶ֲӣ
⻰ôô죿
ǰ͵켶Ʒˮ͸֣
һ˵Ļ
ϾͻһӪǿ̼㣬Ӷյṩʰ
⺲ī
˵ˡ
PUA
ҲΪҵıֲӡ
⺲īŵתͷ˷ա
ô
ȻͶ˷˧Ϣ
ҲǡʱЦ
⺲ī˲俴ֱۣӰҪʵĻ˻ȥʶصš
ϾͷӦ˹ķ⺲ī
Ȳ˵ֻ˵һ㡪


164 
Ǹ߷⺲ī, ʱӦùߵգٺݺݵرȥ߷⸸ͷ, ÷ҵȨ, ̷̽ôˡ
ǵվ⸸ǰʱ򣬵ߵĻȴôҲ˵ˡ
ôˣ
æŷбķ⸸⺲ī֮һֱ˵, ſһļĻ́ͷ
⺲īš
˵ڡ
⸸״ֻ˵ûʲôĻ, ȥɣְеæ, ְ֮ǰ㶩ˣǱʱݵ¿, ȥϲϲ
δ䣬ʹ˹ԣιũǷڹ, 鷳ҵİ칫һˡ
˲ֽæµ״̬ķ⸸, ⺲ī
֣֪ʲô
ΨһܹҵĻᣬһæɾְƽ˷յĻ˰
Ƿ⺲īƴѹҪȥǣõģ
Ѿˡ
ǾǸĲ
ʲô취أ
ϾǸԣ
뵽, תŴСĶȥ˷յʵңлüֵؼֲӡ͵͵˴Ӽﻻġ
ΪΪֲ֮һķңȱľǱֲˡ
ΪӵܣЩֲӳԼԼ֮, 󲿷ֶӵϰ֮ãԷӵܰЩͶ˷ҵľϵ߶ܹù׷ֻʵﻻȡЩԴ
ˣ˵Щζ¢гֲˣҲΪʲôϼҲʲôƷֲӵҪԭ
֪Щӵʱ򣬷жˡ
Ϊ⺲īġ
ΪԭʵѾ뵽Ѽֲӵİ취ǾֱӴӪҺȥҰ⣬ЩҰıֲﳢЩӪҺͷ֮벻ϵѡ
磬ҰıֲʵǼڲıֲ١
ֻΪҰıֲսֲΪľֲܹʳĿʳֲ֮٣ҰǴͱ춯ãһľϵ׶ͷϡ
ȥҰռֲӵĻЩ鷳ġ
ڷ⺲īôƷӹҲǽǵȼü֮
մһ˵ĻȣҲӳĵ˲ʧɫӣ⺲īֲطɿ
ֻһ뵽ЦôÿΪpuaȻһ뵽飬⺲īĺ黹˲ûˡ
ʱͻȻһ飬Ѿ֪˷pua黹Ƿpua
⺲ī㶡
Ӧò˰ɣ
һôණյ¡
ڵӦǷձ˲Ŷԡ
뵽⺲īĶҲź˲١
ΪָоֱҪ̫棬ȻòģǾȵõʲôġ
ŷձͦ޳ɣ⺲īĶۿɼٶȺˡ
ôһĻӦáܡŲ
ñĻ˵Ǽɫ⡣
뵽⺲īĻ鳹ûˡ
Ҳֱ׳
ֻ۽ǵɨһܣȷЩоԱעЩֱ֮˽˷յĻ׼ǵ˵Ļȣֱҧȥ
ϾڿһĽһ㶹ʲô
ܶ鶼ûüžѾͶͱķգ
˭̵ס
˳־ʹš졯ķ⺲īԱߵϢңֱӶס졣
⺲ī
Ȼͱˡ
Ȼ̲ס˽ֺ
ôôأ
ҷδҲ̫˵ɡ
֪Ķ
Ȼ
ڵȵɿʱ˶Ѿˡ
ռ״̲ס˵գǾллˡ
ˣҿһЩâһҸһЩâꪺСɴȥô
ԭκķ⺲ī۾˲ˡ
ȵհâꪺСã⺲īһһڣȻƮˡ
ΪЩֱҪٺϺĿζ
ôôãٱ֣ǧ򱶡
Ҽֵؼֲӣмǧ𲽣ܺǣϴֱûбˡ
ǲζҪİ켶ֲ͵ǰ϶ʮٱֹǱʲôġ
⺲ī
̡̼ϸ롣
˵Ķǲܵġ
Է⺲īսȭͷģ£ҾͰ켶ֲŪ
˵˶٣֣µš
Ӹ֣ôã϶÷յ֣һȡ
ѾˣȻǸԣҪǵԡ
ǰȥ͵ӿ϶ǲеģҵ켶ƷˮŽһӣһֻʮӣôӸ͵ء
ҵЩϺ͹ӦûһЩӣʱȫԽ͵͵ȥǻһЩ
յȻܾĺ⣺á
ʱеǻرͷҡ
˵⺲īʱסˣҾȻع˾ˡ
ȻֺûٲҲøŬ׬ǮУҪȻô̽ޡ
գ㡣
⺲īá
Ȼͷˡ
û뵽ǰŸߣûлعͷһоԱ˳ɫŵϰ壬ˣùóˡ
֣ˡ
˵󲻴Ϊˣ˴ˡ
˵СҲСΪ˵Ǹľϵߡ
龭ܼ򵥡
Դ֣ҵǳΪ֮һ֣һҹ֮ǧ˿˿ֱͻǧ
Ȼоųɾŵ˶ֵġ
֣ȴһᡣ
֣Ȼǿסģ岻ãûʲôһ֮δ֪ȥδӡ
ھһֳɵĻǰ
ǧ˿ֻʮ֮һתķ˿㹻һˡ
ΪֱֳǸнҵ
ҪôסЩ˿һ⡣
Ͼ֣ûʲôһ֮϶˵ģֱҲУΪһӪҺͨˣˡ
˼ȥһշ˿˽źͷ˿ȣеķ˿ṩͽ顣
Ϊķ˿㹻Ӵ󣬼ҲһֱŬѧϰص֪ʶֱܿСơ
ҲʱֱһϷͻȻֱʱ˸绰ﻰⶼ˵ˡ
֣㵱¾ͼˣһϸʣ֪ҾȻϲƵɷȴұҪ飬ɷ̰ͼҵļҲôҲͬ⣬ɷǸߣֻǸͨˣԼɷϷͥԺҲֻƫ̻ɷ
ҲʱɷˣΪ֣˵Щ߳ŭһưȷ˳ȥȻֿʼұ
֣ﻹסϾʱ˿סĵطûԶΪ˿İȫԱ̲֮סԸȥҡ
֮󣬾ȴûиϵ
ۿ˿ͿҪɷˣϵһͺݺݵ˿ɷϣֱӰ˹ȥѪҲܿһء
󾯲ϵֱӾͰ֣ץˡ
Ϊɣͨ˺ͨ˵ģڽģͽ̡ۻ߹ƣصģͽ̡̻
˺ͨ˵ģһͬǿֵ߲ͨĿжȡ̡
ͨ˻һ˺ľϵߵģڽģʮͽ̡ۻ߹ƣصģͽ̡̻
ͬʱһɿֵ߲ͨĿжȡ̡
оԱʱڿֱ֣Բܵһʱ߷ա


165 
ȷոϵ, Ѿѡ
֣ˣ
˵ҲŸոշ𣬽ͳ顣
ȵȣ֣㲻Ǵһұ, ľΪӦڼΪŶ, Ӧøͨ, ôˣ
¥ӦûǸСѧɣû˼˵ͨ, ΪȻΪ, ƫƫ˵ǸߣһǸľϵߡҴС, ûĸľϵߵܱ϶ΪΪġ
ǴС, Ǵ࿪ʼ֮, ٶûڴ˽ܹ֮ȫ˵ġ
ʮһ꣬ȫһУٵĵܱܵһˮϵǿ飬Уǹˮϵߣ, ʱͥԸУѾˮϵ˳ͷΪɣдˮϵܺˣһº󣬸УһɥʬС
ʮ, һľϵΪԼڹԱһͨˣһ֮Ϯͨˣͨһλȭ֣ľϵ, ºԺͨɱΪɣдͽ̶ʮꡣ

Ҫ֪Щֻǲ׺һڡ
Ҳ֪ڵĿɶǽߣڽߵĵϣ̸۴ߵ飬Ǻͻڰʲô𡣡
֪Ϊʲôô˵˰ɣ
⡭ΪʲôǿԿ飬԰չͬ࣬Ӧƽȡ
ʮ꣬ʮͳѡͳ֮λʱƶƽΪںŵʷɽľְͳ֮λĵ죬һľϵ֮ɧ·һŮԣŮԷŭľϵߣ⵽ԷĶ·Ⱥڲ֪һľϵߣһӵϣľϵߡ
ľϵ߳ºԺչһдЩ·Ⱥͽ̰굽겻ȣʱΪѡͳѾ̨һΪǳŽȫΧڵʾУԺѰµֻдľϵͽ꣬ͷЩȺڡ
Ϣȥ֮ЩҧľϵߵʱֻŮ·ȴŮΪľϵɧҲģʾųʮ֮طͣڣӷż٣ֹţ̶̲ʱ䣬˻֮УصĵʱһСʱڱస
ԺȻָһоͳʷɽǩһҪЩȺڣȴֱӲأҼ֮ͱᵯͳ֮λ
֪Ϊʲô϶ʲô˸ò÷òüΪ˰ɣΪĩǰĺôǮǴȥĿɾˣ
Ҿ㵱ʱеͽ̣ǻĽߣ󶼲ʲôöȻͻ֪㼸ǲǶıΪӼԷһ᲻ı㣬Ҫ֪ߵλһȽϸߣҪ㣬˵ûѡ񡣡
⻹𣿡
߱ʾôǣ
Ҫƴɥʬɱͱ춯ֲﲫɱн
һЩȨôˣ
ЩӦܵġ
ŻҲ룬ⶼٶˣɥʬɱЩ˲֪ˣЩʲôϵ
˵ĺֲıֲʹı춯һͨ˳Եһ
һ򲽽ǺЩʿǰϹϵɥʬⶾͨ˳Ŀѧо𣬻ԣӪҺ
ûɥʬⶾЩ߾ȫսˣĩҲһ˵ܴһֽ߶ɥʬתġ
ûԡܹ
ƾʲôЩͨ˾Ҫһȣ
ҲڿͷϱԹˡ
ϾǾӣΰѳһΪҵƨ񣬶Լ档
ѵ鶼ų
Ҳʱ˵
ϢǸľϵҽԺ֮Чˡ
ʲô
ˣ֣ˡ
չ֣һͽ̿϶ܲˡ
٣
ⶼʲô
ȵȡ
Ҹղſ˵ǸľϵߺǸ¶ȻˣӾΨһˣֻҪǩ½飬֣Ӧþܻü̡
Ŷ֣ۣ֣Ϊ˾ų£϶ǩ½ġ
֣ϽŮ֣Ӧûǵİɡ
̫ˡ

Щڣ֣Ҳôġ
ֱոϵȫҾܾǡ
ʲô
ֱ֣Ӿ;סˡ
ܡ
ʶ˵
ͿͥôʱܾǼ档
ǷҲƭ
֣ˡ
ȴǰδе侲
鵽ʵѾˣǱˡ
˿Ǽٵģұġ
ԶԷһʼǳ֣ģǰԼĵַ͸¶֣㣬Ȼֱ֣ʱ򣬹绰
֣ҲڷӦ˹
˵ѹҶˣЩȴûе
ѹְôͿͥˡ
ô죿ڸô죿
֣ۿˡ
˼ȥҲû뵽ʲôð취
˶˾֮У˵ԼҪܾһЩҪôúģҲͲᷢˡ
û
ֻ˳ҵĴ
Ϊʱ򣬻ôľǵģ֣˺Ժ˼ԼЩͷˡ
ԭҲһֱзǣֻǧ㣬ôҲû㵽ǻֶֻԸǡ
ƫƫֶֻΣɹǺݺݵһͷ
Ϊڻû취֣
ôû뵽أǰ֮䵽һ³ײӦֻ֣ҺԺ˼ƵŶԡ
ܹ켶ֲҺӪҺоôֻЩߡ
Ϊͨ˾ٶıʳĺͱҩģΨһ洦ǿ٣ǽ߾ͲһǳµıʳĺͱҩԽ࣬ʵͻԽǿ
Ҳ˵ҺӪҺоȴЩߵ硣
ôġ
Էֻ˵ģò˶ãҾͻģ͵Լǹȥĺˡ
֣ȴֻΪڰο벻ʲô
ϾվҲǸԦʦѣȻ֪֮ǰΪʲôܹһٻ֣ҵı
ں֮ǰֲһڵĶֿ߽ײ㡣
ͳ飬ôء
ˣô죿
ҲϣΪʲô£ֻܺ˵֪ġ
ֶҽȥֱ֮ӴǮ뿪ȥһ֣ҹܲĵطú
͸֪ģôܶù֣ҡ
ֻ˵ģ
ڶ죬ԺͥȻ֣ͽ̡
֣㵱ͥʾߡ
ΪҲûá
ȻԤϵ˻Ľ浽һ̣ﻹǾúܡ
δԽԽͷˣ
@Σ˿ľͲ˵ˣףһǼұС
֣˾һҪˣⲻֶ֣¡
ЩvأЩأƽʱһһᳫƽ˶𣿡
ǺǣЩvҲˣָЩָͣүֱЩߵͨأΪǾ˱ҲǽߣƽʱЩںţΪѡƱѡ

Ѿֳһš
ԺҲûкõĶȥǰ߳ԺžͱһȺΧסˡ
ȻյͱʮͲµסˡ
ùñдͽ̵飬ʲô룿
Σûʲô˵
ջͣ˽ŲЩͷֻ˵ǻڵģ


166 
˵, ն˶٣Ȼ˵⻰ǶеĽ˵ġ

֣ǲΪܵĴ̼̫󣬷ˣ
۹, еĽߺڣ
ԭǶôˣҾͲϽ, ʵ̲סˡǲԼＸˣ
ҪôСý
黹û㳤ѵ㵽ڶûŪʲôܵģʲô㲻ܵġ

Զ׼ЩЩΧ۵Ľ˵ġ
ֻǣ֣⻰֮Ҳסˡ
ǾЦˡ
Ǻڣ
ƾ
ԭΪʲôͨı, Բһٶƻǵļƻ
ǲ֪, ʲôı, ֣Ҳô׵ؾͱμҵǸСͽ˼
黹治Ƕ֣Ͷ֡
֣ԴҪμСӷһΪֻ֣ܽǱһڣ
Ȼ, ҲųôΪ˸õĥֶ֣
Ͼеʱſɱ˸ʹࡣ
ֻ⻰֣ϵЦȴǵ˲١
Ϊ֪, Ͷ֣֣ʮа˾ΪֺԺ˼
Ժ˼ߵĿɲһĽ
뵽, ֣ϵЦݳûˡ
ϾȻϲ˴ñ, ϲ˸ñ
Ժ˼ô, Ӧòᱳ, Ϊһٮٮߣȵ
Ҳʱ뵽ʲô, ֣Ԫתͷ˵ˣԺ˼Ǳôˣ
֣ع񣺡켶ˮѾֳĿţǵؼƷıˮ
á
⻰֣ԪƴЦ
֣ҶôԹϵĿɲǷչֶзҡ
Ϊ壬֣յĽãȻȻ˻飬ɨأΪ߷Ǹ߸ϣǵ
֣ѾʰˣչҲɲʲôڻĵľֻʣһˡ
н죬Ҫԭеһ켶Ʒˮ¢ˮг
Ǵڿʼҵƽڡ
ȻԺ˼ֻؼƷıˮ
ǱˣȵؼƷıˮӣȻٱˮٱˮ
ʱֻҪųұʳĵ˲ٹǵıʳĵĻ
֣Ԫƣ಻꣬Ҿͻǵż£ΪԵ塣
뵽֣޲ǳһڶ
Ժ˼ôľϧΪŰЩˮҪĿɲֻǽҼķ룬Ҫҳʧϡ
֣ҡ
Ϊǳ磬ɨأһУЩ֣İĽҲǱҩֱӸ֪ܡΪ˼Ųϧ֣Ĵıǩ
Ϊ⣬ԭкøеĳѧŸ鳤Ҳ䵭
ҪǣΪ˰ס֣֣һ֮ƣ쳣й¶ȥòؼƷıѹӢ͸˷ҡ
ֻռ˵ıˣʲôʱҲռıˣ
Ժ˼ֻ˵Ҫȥһʮ
ʮǷҵĵ̡
ֶκܼ򵥣ȫֱӽеıֲȫߣûЩֲʲôǡ
ʱô
Ϊڻûվ㹻ߵĸ߶ȣһҳ£ȻֲĿֻţҪѱ鵽ͷϣʱˡ
Ȳٿطҵıֲģһ㣬㹻Ⱥһˡ
ˣסܺԺ˼Ļ᣺һȥ
Ժ˼Ȼܾá
Ͼ֣Ϊĸ鳤ĶӣܸȻࡣ
ͻСɲ֣һһӵۣҲϲһ㡣
һߣЩ֮󣬷ҲܺķӦΣֱ˷⺲īĳ
⺲īҲ֪ôοźãЩھΣΪûаﵽա
ţֻ˵ģǼѾ֣ŮʿʮļȥˣļҪȫöࡣ
⵹ΪһֱϰߣΪҪǰѡˡԭڵ˵˻ûгѾЩߺļˡ
Щˡ֮ҲᾡȰЩˡʮס⵽Щߵı
Ϊ⣬ǷԺϵͳһңÿͲ֪ҪͶٸ߼ʳĹȥ
⺲īҲ˺úù֣Ůʿġ
켶ˮӣѾ㻻Źˡ
ŵòеӣ̲ס§סĴǣûʲô¡
ֻ뵽ҪôԸЩߡ
Щ˵һֱЩߵͨŵһʱͻᱻ
Ͼ֮Щعе˵д硢С֣֮ţٹܵ綼С磬Ҳǲڳѧ˺硣
ţٹܵʹ磬ҲǴӵ˺磬ܹɵ󲿷ڴ磬硣
磬Ȼ˴СɵĽ׶Ρ
ΪɽﶼˣҪǸһҩȥЩߴԭΣ϶һŹ
ȻЩߵͨǾֱӴЩͨˡ
ҪЩͨҲ˽ߣЩߵʵҪߣǵʱЦЦó
ֻһ㣬Ҫǽҩô׾ƳҲͲ֣ᷢ顣
ķѵʱ̫Ǿͺ֮ǰ˵ֻ֣Լȥ˵ˡ
ȻһЩܹ֮һΪɥʬΪȾɥʬ֮󣬻㹻ʵڽⶾ֮󣬳ɹһ
֮ɥʬͽⶾܹٽġ
Ҳ˵ʵѾһּװĽҩˡ
ȫɥʬĻٽо
뵽Ȼ˳㡣
һ㣬ҩоˣָƹء
Щ߿϶ǲϣҩƳгġ
˽½С
ҵһܺõĺߣֻһңȻ߽ײ㡣
ǵõֶβС
Ȼ뵽ʲôٴ̧ͷ˷⺲īͨ˳ǼԺյ𣿡
⺲ī


167 
⺲īȻ, ˵С
һ١
ΪȻ¢;磬ǵϾޣкܴһҲֻǻͶ̥, ҪȻʮļôÿҪһΡ
ĽȡڴƵʱǿҡ
ΪѹȣЩͨ˲Żʾ֭粻о, 粻о̽, ϸλڵλݷ
ڽߵѹ֮£вٵͨ˼
⺲īңȻвͨ˼ҪͨϷ, ԼĹ˾ҲӪúܲҪȻ֮ǰ͵͵͸֣ôԴ, Ȼٲ˷ҵķ֣ĺܶҲͨ˳ľӢ
⺲īЩ˵ͨѶŷ˷ա
ЩȫһȺ, ÷⺲īʱҪ͸¶ȥ
Ȼ, Ⱥܿ

ô£
٣
ϰ壿Ҳڰ
Ҳˡ

Ⱥ˭ģ
ȺС֣ˡ
˭, ʶ
Ҳʶ, ʶ𣿡
ʶ

Ҳʱ򣬷շϢã֣ˣڱԪϼٷ, Ϊͥÿǧ·һεĹ涨, »ص˷䣬ϴ˼˲Σ磬ͥ񽻸˱ɣɵļǰˣǱڷ΢, û취ԱҪһǮֻҪԸңȵҹԲص֮ͥһǼһ󹦣ṩҵİԽ࣬;Խ˵ʱһͥ

ȺǲںǿЦ
ʱľƵꡢ֮УʮŮŮϵĹԣԼͬüͷ
֮ûеһʱ俪ȺֻΪȺҪôǸʵȨĹºӵܣҪôǸ˾ľӢ߹ܡ
ϾܰЩȫһȺҲ֪ȺӦҲһ㡣
ǿɲƽ׶һˡ
ȻͿ֣ˡŷϢ֪һǸƭӣûйϵϾտƾҿ֤ˣҰᷢļ¸ǣһоͣũҵֲͣڶʮһܷķɴֺ¹ʣֻ˼ˡ

!
ЩҪǻ֪֣ˡǸƭӣҲͲڵĸ߶ˡ
ǲ²֣ˡ˳ǼļүСĹԣԲõǵͨźš
ǻͲ㱻һﻣסˡ
νЩԤԣ˵ͣ£ڳ˭֪ǱȻ顣
ΪһĴ䣬ʱŶὫԼзȽĴչʾԾͣѡ
ũҵֲ飬ͺִķһֻһֱǣͣǾܵ飬ϾϡΪ
ҲܲµΪʲôνġ֣ˡô˵ΪҪֱ˵ũҵֲҲǣǾ͸û˻ˣ෴һũҵֲĵͣˣڡУޡһЩĴҵķǳˣ϶ѡĹ
ΪʲôҪټһ¹ʵԤԼԤԵ׼ȷԣǾͲö֪ˡ
ֻ֪һ㡪
ʮһܷķɴ¹ʣ
˭֪ʮչ˾Ĺɷݣʮչ˾ȫĺչ˾ûгκκ¹ʣҪʮ
ˣǹô˵ģĿľҵĿֻţһ㣬ʱͿԽŸǼҽѵͷҵǮˣȵҪûͿԹ˵ΪǽѣѲûзҪ鷢ˣ˵ȻûֻⳡѱҪû
ôһĻ´һʼҪƭĶٰɣǰ˵ЩʵΪ˸νԤ̵ѡ
ԭ˵ⲻǼǰйʲôңʼʣǮƭϵƭóá
ͼȻ⻹Ǹϵƭء
ⶼδˣķͷݶѾʮˣ̶˷ĻŲˣһһʲôˣͥǺǣ
˵㵨أǸûǲǶǽأȻƭͷϡ
ʲôṩİԽ࣬;Խ󣬽ܸһɣʲôȮ𣿡
ռ״ֻһ䣺ǿԵȵԤԽ֮
Ȼع˹ԡ
ΪʲôѡƫţȻΪģϴԣ˭ܱȵùء
Ҫûߴϵݣ¶һ֣ôסˡ
ʱǰŸհѽҩзžͱˡ

Ȼͱץˡ
գ
û֣˵
ŵģûôŵģթƭȻƭ˾ͷˡ
գ
Ⱥλٺҳ¼ҡ
ⲻ
̸ڼȵȣ壬ô׵ô
Աһ˵˵ף¾֣ˡ
˵ţ˿Լϵˡ
˵һģһ߰˷
λʶ˵Ҽǵϥ˺ǰϻؼûֻػˣȻɩӷ򷣵ġ
ƺΪ¾ֵ˵һСˤġ
𣿡
˽Žɡ
¾ֵЦ˵Ϊ˭һǸףʱʱŵģ¶ŵģ㲻һ¹򣬽һֻܴõٿ㻨Ǯµף̶ҪˣϣҲû˭ˡ
˲Աˡ
¾ֵļۿɼٶȻ۽ǵͿ˱Ѻķա
鵱ˡ
ϵĳվֻڿյ֮ߵĻ˻ȥȻüͷһ壺֣գ
ôҲû뵽ǸƭͷļһȻ֣գ
벻ʶ֣նѣϾЩֵ֣ô
֣ΪʲôҪƭǣ
ѵΪ˲ٿǸ֣㱨
뵽ֻʣ̾Ϣ˻֣ˣ˰ɡ
Ȼգȥɣ͵ûзԺҲƭ˵Ĺˡ
֪ȴ˵ôƭ˵Ĺˣ˵Ŀɶġ
ʲô
⻰һ㶣Цˡ
ڷҲ׵ķϣŷһãȻ֪ڸġ
ֻ˵ʵֻҪȵ죬֪˵ĻǼٵˣ
õȵ죿
¾ֶԷյӡҲ˺ף㲻˵ˣֻ֪Ҫ˵ԡ
˳˵һ¹ʶǮҾ˵Ķġ
˵žһеı±
Ҫǲ²ԣʮľܲˣ
٣˵
⻰ڳҲ׷׿˹
̧ͷɨһλ¾֣Цˣҵġ
Ҳĥ䣬ֱ˵İ١
ۣ
⻰Զһںˮľֱ˳
ٶЦˡ
ͷ㾯Ĺʶˣ͸֪Ĺˮƽˡ
еӣͲ˵ôֳ
Ҷ塭¾ΪֵĸֳʼϼЧټÿƻİĽټ㶼
Ͼڶֵ̾һӲͷɲǴġ
˵Ҳúͷٶ˵ϻˡ
ֱӷԸ죺ˣؽȥ
̲סȥ룬֣ķˣ侲侲
֪ɨһ۳¾֣Ҿ˵˲㣬ǵʳ¾ԼÿǲֻİٿȽϺá
¾ֵ÷ճģÿ¡
ȵȡ
İ٣
ֻ֣
¾ϵıֱӾͽסˣϥҲЩʹ


168 
˵, վȻġ
ĸƢ
͵ų¾ְѻ˵꣬ȻݺݵϷһ, Ȱ˵
һӹȥˣӹȥˣʮӹȥˡ¾ֲ˵ˡ
٣
ˣ
ڳˣ
¾ŷӦʶؾҪ
ȻϷЦЦĿ⡣
Ȼղں˵, ˼
Ҫĸҷվ͸ҵĵ׿չʾǿ
ֱֻ졣
һߣٵѾͿˡ
Ϊ¾ֵķӦЩԡ
˼պǲ¶ˡ
ôܣ
¾ֵĹֲûϴ󰸵ʱһʮ򽱽Ǻܳ¡
Ҫ˵һֻİٿ, Ҳ֪ܡ
ȵȡ
ֻ֣
Ȼع񡪡ϾͬϬ
ۣ
Ŀ˲·ŵ˳¾ֵϥϣȻֱס죬̲סЦ
¾֣
ôһˡ
߳ŭ㡣
ٵˣ
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Ȼֱѿ
Է˵İ, ǳ¾ֵÿֻİٿ㻨Ǯ˼
ɲǵֻİ
˵õĵֵһӲأ
ոջѵ˼ζˣǸףÿֻٵ㻨Ǯ㻹ǵ
أ
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һʱ֮䣬˿¾ֵĿⶼˡ
뵽ʲô, ػͷգĿ˲ֱˡ
Ϊ, ¾Ǹ׵Щ׽˶֪ô֪ġ
ѵǷġ
ԷǸˣ
ܡ
ǳٺͳ¾ֵĵһ뷨ҲΨһ뷨
ϾǴСܵľΨѧ, ׼ȷ˵Գ֮ͱ֪ûĴڡ
һרŵǣ֪е
ԴȺٵѷץ֣ʵǷһƺõġ
û
뵽ǵɫʱÿ˲١
Ȼ֪˶ܲ鵽ж
ֲǷյĳУȻòź¡
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ʶ̧һŷϰϢ
㿪һ٣أ㲻Ѿѳץ˰ɣ
һ㶣һʶϰеָǷա
ֻϰΪʲôôʣΪϰٵ£Žȥץķա
ֻܻصǰѾھˡ
һ룬ϰĻظ͵ˣˡ
٣ôˣ
ȻͿϰص㻹֪ʮչ˾ˣٳ˺෢˿ѡ
ͬʱ˵Ҳʮչ˾ˣ׷鵽һѾݵ㣬֮ŷѾ졢˼ϵʷҲǸݵ֮У˫漴˾սսױһʮչ˾a19-5484κ࣬ȻȣǷɴʧˡ
ھԮͷϵűס˼׹ٵķɴ˴¹ʣ˼Ȱ裬ִ·ɴϵͨ߻ԱбɭУ֪֮⣬˿ͶȻֻϧǣѾʷҲˡ
ʶؿ˵ĹԣöϵŽϣ֮µ
ڳҲʶ˵Һһ⡭
Ϊ׹ĵطǵɭְ˼壬Ǳ鲼춯ֲɭ֣Կ֪ǻʲô³
һĸߣҪĽֻһ¹ʣʮչ˾ֻҪԲ˶ߣĸдȡ
ҪĲ
Ѿˡ
˷֮ǰȺ˵Ļ
Ұᷢļ¸ǡڶʮһܷķɴֺ¹ʣֻ˼ˡ
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ûѾǵڶ졣
˵ֻ˼ˡĸҲȷǸ
Է˵ĶģԤ⵽Щ顣
ǵ뻳ЩǷյļƻеһ֣紮ͨѾʷء
Ҫõ£Щͨˣ
뵽ǳ٣ڳ˶ˡ
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˵Ǹˣ
뵽ľæͳԿף˫ִ˷ϵ
һĻΪֱ˾ȴĵûš
ڲźԭر仯뵽ʲôһҧ͵ؿգһΣҷѾʷʲôطֻҪԤˣҾ㣡
ľǿ
üͷһ
Ѿʷأ
еӡΪδΪջԺ˼Ļ֮ȻµķѾԺ˼ĺ쵼Ժˡ
ʵϣ֧ѾʹͳϵѾһǷѵĲͼ¢ȨȨ߽ײ㡣
ǴȨµܺߣԶһҪƶȣŻ޷˵ؼ뷴Ѿ
ֻϧǵĳȻǺõģֶξЩˣƽǳ£ʷ̨֮󣬾ͱεĺ¹ʡ
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Ϊʷغ̸֮ʷҲԺ˼ڵļһһԾΪµ¢ϼ֮һ
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Ȼˣ˶ʷģԷѾҲвͼʷأֻϧǣôܻԺ˼Щ󹬵Ķ֣ǵ³֪
뵽վ͸ûʲôѹˣ򵥡
ļ򵥣㡣
Ժ˼֪ȥˡ
ϾС˵չĹС˵ʱôٵ˾Ӣ۵Ŷأ
Ժ˼
Ժ˼˸Ӵŵʲôϵ
ٺͳ¾ֽŽɣæҵزͨ˾ĵ绰
˾֤𣿡
¾֣ûС
ܸܲЩֻһԳ˵˵Ԥ԰ɣ
һҧұ֤ʷڿ϶Ժ˼һ𡣡
಻ŷնѡ
ţڲμһƾ֣Ѿ˾ȴЦˣû֤͸˵Ժ˼Ѿ֪Ժ˼ʲô֣֣δμҵҲмӡǲֵҹֵɵˣҸҵǣûøλãЩͨˣĲ
⻰¾ֵɫѿˡ
˵ˣҧгݵһҪΪǸߣֻƨƾǵһҲƲ˼ӵļëƤı£Ҷͷȥ
һȻ˵λá
ȻҲ֪ȷȡ
¾֣ˡ
Ȼ˾סǾֻܿԼˡ
뵽ֲͨ˳¼Ҽĵ绰
¼ҴӾ˳¾һѾ˾硣
Գ¼һʱӿԺ˼סľƵꡣ
Ժ˼ʱΪ˵˷ҵЩֲ⣺ҵҪ󣬷һЦЦó
ͬһ˷ܣѧ
ΪԺ˼Խζʽ׷Ժ˼Ļμ֪֮󣬷ͻԽС
кεİĽ֮⣬Ժ˼ˡ
ϾȮСǹ˭᲻ϲء
ȻͲ뵽񵽵Ǹء¥ϵǸӢĽ˶ˡ
Ȼ֪˵ݺܲԾ
ֻڸڵͷǣСǹ׻ǲ˵ζ
뵽Ժ˼±ҽȥ¥ϿǸˡ
һ룬ķű͵ش߿˽
Ժ˼ͫһ


169 
ʮİ, 峿Ժ˼齵ľƵץ˵ʷء
ʷһѪۣ, ԼԱߴһԺ˼ͣ, һ㱵ط˹,
ʷץˣ
ʷԺ˼ץˣ
ˣ
Ҳ˵Ǹˣ
뵽ػع, Ҳҵ
һ򲽽, , չֳֶͨҲ˶Сˡ
Ǹˣĺټֱ
һʱ֮, ˵Ŀⶼһ, Ųˮŵķϡ
Ǻ٣󼸺ѿڶ֣ȱȮ𣿡
˵, ̲סס
˭뵽, ڼСʱ֮ǰǻڳЦվȻǵȮ
, Ѿ޲ԼΪյļȮˡ
Ҳʱ򣬷յĹͻȻһٵ
ִ򿪹ԡ
֮ǰЩ϶ƭ֮󣬾ֱȺˣȲ½Ⱥ
ȻҲ˵Ϸ顣
մһ, ̧ȴϣһȱ
ٵ۾رһ⡣
ͺܼˡ
ϵϵЩˣȫǼ׵Ѿվ˸λϵͨ˻ͨ˼ӵܡ
ǵ¾ͬ, յĳָû֮ͨȦһ㲨һͨ˱Ѻ̬ȵķҡ
ǶֻżȻ䷢ʷصټЩ߾ȻҲûʲôģ¾ֵǸ˾ֻΪ¾ΪԲŹûаЩʵ
˭뵽أٻڷŭڳ¾ֵ˾ĺ޳ܣʲô¶¾Ҫλ룬ȴòʵ顣
ֻЩͲǷҪĵˡ
Ϊ磬µǼʵҾͶһңڶҾͱһµʵң漸뼯Ƚʵ򲻵һЩʵϣɥʬ
﷽׼ЩĺȻλʮչ˾ٹɶûǳŵӵ١
ٱʵˣȳһҲ﹤˰ϰ¡
û취ҪǲõôѵųȥĴʻȥ
ҪȻ˵ҵĺܱܿǳ¹ʣǼҲʡ²Ǯ
ȻǼȱľǮˡ
ҲǮˢյĺøжȵĻᡭ
˵֮󣬼ʵ۾˵ĳٵˣͲĹķΧ֮ˡ
֪ĳɹʱλж༤
̲סĨĨ۽ǡ
Ҫǽۡ
뵽ʲôתͷգС֣Ūʵʲô
գţġ
ܸܲоҩİɣ
Ͼ˳֣ǷΪƸΪ꣬ܵ
ȻҪоһС
˵ıƸûˣ
٣
һһӵĸ߾ʵɰͰ͵Ц˵ɽҲͦʱġ
ֻĸо
գǰ
ŷӦıƸƺǱסˣɽıƸ񡭡ûˣ
ϣԺ󲻻ˡ
˰ӣȻʲôͳһ鿨ݸ٣㣬κϵˣõʱֱ˺С
֮ǰ鿨ʱ˳ġ
ϾֻǸԦʦٲҪŵ֣˶Ը
һܳ˫ֽӹ鿨лл֣лл֣
ȻΪʲôոĻһ˿ƴСİ׿񻰹ĵҩ߷׭
Ϊڵ֪˷յ֮ǿҹ˷ĻŲղصĺ͹ŴйصĹż
Ű˰֣ˣȥɡ
һﻹ£˵õĺõģǾͲˣҪʲôԸֱӸҴ绰С
գš
ǵ͹Ǽ磨磩鿨磨磩ЧãҲ͹ݴӰ
æоҩʱҲŻ鿨˼ҡ
һӵ棬ֱ˺鿨
һ룬һ۵İ׹ش鿨б˳Ȼֱӽ
ȵҷŵǰֵʱ򣬰׹Ȼʧˡ
ʶĿٵš
Ҳʶ̧̧ԼţԲۣĲʹˣȫˣ
ٿ֣˵˺鿨ˣһҳûʣ¡
˲һĿҲ˲
үӣֶΣȻֶΣ
ΪҲ֪Ҫսһ鿨Ǽֱƾնһ
뵽ʲôүһؿ٣֪鿨Ч͸úúõղȵдõʱãڸˣֱ˷ѡ
٣
ǵ
˵˼
پǰæһʵң˾һ鿨ԲĿռɾͶˡ
ٳʵѾʲôȱ˰
ˣҲǡ
룬ͻȻǰһҪǸ˽ɣ˵˶ܽС
˵۾ʱҲˣá
˵ȥ졣
ȵһߣʲôү˵ˣЩ񣬻зĻŲղصЩżҲУ
ҪȽϽ棬Ϊǰζѧҡ
ԳƳ̵ķõľȻǹ˼صķ׭鿨Ǿͳ˵ǰĹżǴġ
ȻˣȻҪġ
ˣá
ȵе鷳֮⺲īȥεʱ򣬷ղŷֵҵľȻӡеĻɫķ׭ģĵᦣһŷŴ鿨
Ȼһ˵ŴЩз׭ĵ񡢷ۡȫ˼ðαӲƷҪô۸Ҫôֱӱˡ
ĩպϵż𻵴һƶ񤾳صĵʷ˲ѩϼ˪
ֱӾͱһĹ˸ŵķգ
ıʷͬʱҲµʷҪȻڹɾ˦ˡ
ֻЩǺˣæʵء
Ȼ
գ
ǡ
ǵ뷨˵ˡ
ԭû˼Ͼһ˼ڽҩϡ
Ļ֮ЩĶˡ
ȻûȥͥҲûбڹְӦаɣ
𣬲ҪײҪ
˵УǾͽɣңʲôģ׼
Ҳ˳ȥ⺲ī
˵ҲѾкüû⺲īˣҲ֪æʲô
õġ
һߣվϵʵȥ˷⺲īĹ˾
⺲ī˯
ռ״ŵѵЬӣ˴
⺲īǿһȦĺȦ۾ôˣ
ձ㽫ĴȻ˵ⲻǻ֪ĹٺԹ㡣
⺲īظһ⣬°һ̧¾
ͥĹ涨ʮ֮ϡǳΪ
֮ϹͥϽʵͥվɶ˵Сˡ
̲סֻè°һڣҵĵ


170 
ĳգգ, ۾ûˡ
Ȼ⺲ī˲˹Ŷͺˡ
һǡʱ̲ڹ
ͱڣ˯, Ȼ鶼ˡ
뵽, ⺲īֵڷǰƺҪƿ
ֻ졭֪ڴж൥
־ôֱ˷յؼϡƫƫʶָͷ
⺲ī
˵ѷƿˣûֱӺһֻèΪϢĿյ⵽ͻȻ֮ʼͷԵʡ
ڷղûע⵽Щ
׷⺲ī۽, Щ۵ôæ𣿡
Ȧˡ
⻰, ⺲ī˲͵
⻹÷շЩСء
뵽ķ, ߷ߵء͵͵ڷյؼһѡ
ƺûע⵽С
գܸܲ߷⺲īʵѾϰ˰ɡ
⺲ī΢һ㣬Ҳû߷ա
ΪҶûа취ƽ飬ʲô취, ͽա
ֻ˵, ˾ʴ⣬ͦæġ
յȻûôױס, ⺲īô˵ˣΪһϸİ, ȻӦѡ, ˵ͷðɡ
ĩ, ֱȥ˯һˡ
, ⺲īӲƿ, ̲סڷջ˲䣺š
һ, ԺԷѾʷصоҲˣϳܣһ
μҺ֣ҡҪμҵĲиŬ£ҲԺ˼֪ʷصʵ, ֻΪԼһΪɣԺ˼ʹӷԺ˳
ʵϣμԭֻһ˵ģΪμҼСӣҪΪͨеȥˣμҼҲһ鳤;Ҳ͵ͷˡ
ҪΪ˱סμҵͶȡΪһμҵЩо͸ŵѪζһΧ֪Ϊ˰̳Ƿ˶Ĺ򣬴ȥ˶ٵԴ˵Ժ˼;ˡ
ǿɲԺ˼ھʷ֮ǰ᲻֪ʷص죬Ͼһˣڼһ˵İ˵ʱ򣬵һ뷨ӦǱŶԡ
ֱͲǵͼ֮󣬹ϰԺ˼μˡ
μ˵ʱ򣬿һǱԺ˼֣˼һߣȻһͰӭȥ˼ܿˡ
Ժ˼ǿѹϵࣺβô˼ͷǡ
Ӧõġ
μЦǺǵ˵͵ѣȻҲμҵѣ˵ǽܳΪһء
⻰֣˵ֱӾͺˡ
Ժ˼ͳһˣʲô
Ȼμ˵ң˵ˣճӦ˰ɣߣȻؼϴ裬Ȼúõ˯һһרŸһòˣʱǽӷϴ
Ҳ֪μҴʲô⡣
ûоܾμʸԺ˼ľˣҲֻЦ˵õġ
ڤڤ֮УһӦýŪڹ֮У䵽ǰϵ⣬˴۶ľصֱ
֣˶ʱסˡ
ΪԺ˼ϧ˺ͷҵʣĲҵҲȫ˷ң˵ֻԺ˼ˡ
Ǹô࣬ɲΪ˸μµġ
֣Ԫ̲ססԺ˼˼Ӧøǻ֣ҲŶԡ
Ժ˼μע⵽֣ˡ
֣Ҳǿŭ˵˼ˣڿҵδ򡣡
ˣﻹ֪ܲԺ˼Ѿ˼顣
Ϊʮһ¾ƵץԺ˼ͣǼҾƵס죬ͷβֻһ䷿
ôҲû뵽Ժ˼Ȼĸҳ졣
ᣬ֪ڱЦͷ̳˲ԭ
ֻҧڶΪ֣ʲôûˣҲܵǳ¹ʵӰ죬ǰ;ǣڳƤذԺ˼ţѡ
֣ĻμϵЦ˲䵭˲٣ĿҲȫԺ˼ϡ
ǵ̬ȺԣǾμҺ֣ңֻѡһ
Ͼ֣ϲղñӵϰߣμҿûС
Ͼμҿһļ壬֣бԱȵġ
֣ҲҪǻҪء
Ժ˼ԣ⻹õѡ
Ҳ˵֣ҸμҵĶ֡
ֻ˵Щ췢飬ҪΪǳ磬Ҳᱻ׽ڴɨأȽԼòշؼƷѹӢ͸˷ңҪΪ˱ңҲͲʮ˼
ֱ˵֣˻ɣ
ʲô
֣ϵֱӾð˳
֣ڣԺ˼ֱ˵ϣҩ𣿡
һУȫΪ֣̰Ĳ
ǰû˵ΪҪ֣ңڲһˡ
Ժ˼ô֪Щ
֣ͫһЩѿڶ
˵Ժ˼ͻȻյϣҲǲܲˣ֮ǰΪ˶ԸҲǺǺһֲ˾Щˮȫ͸ˡ
֮ôҪΪ˷ס֣ҵĿڣǹǽȥ
ټμҶţҲ֪֣ôѡ
˵֮Ժ˼ֱתμ˵ˣǿˡ
Ժ˼Լͽ֣ˣμ⼫ˣúúá
;͸˵ˣ󻹲֣һ
һĻ֣޲ѡ
Ժ˼
ˣˡ
֣Ԫһ죬ֱؿڵȥ
ôҲû뵽ӡ
ΪԺ˼֣Ұʲǰ;ȫȥˣҪĿɲֻǼֲΪǼˮάס֣һʱķ⣬Ҫǽ֣λãϵȨ
ƫƫͬԺ˼ԤϵڸҺƣΪֻǼˮ̲ˡ
ҲΪˣǲŸŭ
Ȼ֣Ұɷŭȫк˷ϡ
ҵĴʱˡ
⸸̲ס෢͵̫Ѩ
Ҫһǰ˵
һǰҵ켶ƷˮͻȻֳήҲǵʱͼˣô鶼鲻֢
ӵеıֲϣҵļũ漴˼Σ
ûҳ⣬Ϣ֪ôй¶˳ȥڶ죬ũҵֲͿʼ
Щǩ̼ͬ
Ҫ֪ǩĺԼڣȴ޷ĻҪ⳥ԷĶġ
ֲԼ׳ɵĹأһܼ۵߳ɡ
ֲȻ׬ǮǷÿ궼ҪóǮͨϵƣһ굽ͷҲʣʲôǮһʱ֮䣬õóôһǮ
ҪǣǷҲ֪ǵ·ԭѾӦǮǵкͼ徹Ȼȫ˻ڡ
ƫƫٹ죬͵˱ˮĽˡ
ԭǷԴȴѹǵһݡ
Թ˵ʱ䶼ûˡ
뵽ʲô⸸绰ѷ⺲ī˻
һεī֮ǰ֣Щ𣿡
⺲ī
ɫʱЩѿ
⸸״˵ģȵһˣְһ㡣
ǿڿ˵Ҳȱǵ㶫ҲΪ˽⺲īڰˮɾˣԾͰЩȫ˷⺲ī
ȥ£ͷˡ
뵽⸸Щ졣
⺲īΪˡ
Ҳû뵽ӡ
˵֣Ҳֻǣֻǡ
⸸ôˣ
⺲īֻҧ˵ֻЩѾˡ
ʲô
⸸ʶ˵ôණôͻˣ
⺲īŴǣҲƮš
һӣ⸸Ҫǻ֪飬Ͱ׻ôˡ
Ҫǣôණ¾ͻˣ˷⺲ī֮ǰΪֺ֣ϧҵļҵҲͿյӡ
ŭ˵˵ôһ£


171 
⺲īĴǶʱøˡ
ֻɲ֪ô͡
Ͼܲܰ߷⸸, ʱɾ͸ʰˡ
Ҳʱ򣬷һ˷ܵؿ첽˽š
ֱӽĵӵݸ˷⸸, ˻ҡ¼ҵ˵ڵѴ֮ǴյĲ, 㣬Щܰǽһ⳥𡣡
⻰, ⸸ֱվúúá
Ҳ̲סһ
ôΪơ
ΪеҺͳ¼Щͨ˼塣
ȻЩֻܰǽǰΣ
ΪҪʼûҵЩֲήҲԭȥҵ³֪
뵽, Ŀ˲ְ
һ顪
תͷһԵķ⺲ī, üͷ˵С, Щ˾׵ĲвٶµĶ, ⵽ôһ£
⻰, ⺲īһ, ֱҪ㡣
Ȼ, ⸸ҲӦ˹, ɫһ, ֱӾͰĵϣ˵ô£
⺲ī
⺲īʵǲ֪ôͲźá
⸸״, һ֣ã㲻˵ǰɣҽǵá
⺲īʱɴ˫, ŵĿŷ⸸
⸸Ȼ
˵õĴȸأ
ӣ⸸ֱӽ˰С
ʮӣʵ궼Ѿʮ, ֻΪľϵܣʮ㣬Ųϡ
⺲īʮʱ϶ӡ
˵ˣ⺲īƽʱĿˣҪ۰졣
ֻǿй˸䣬ָ飬ھȥ飬ҵҪ㶼ʲô£
üͷ壺ǡ
⺲ī׻ˡ
飬ûһĹ򣬷ͻˣɫҲӵѿˡ
ʲô
Ļ⸸ˡ
ġ
ָŷ⺲īЩǻ켶ˮӡ
ҪǷ⺲īǱĶҲˣƫƫ켶ˮӡ
Ҳ֪ЩˮҪ͸˭ġ
ϾǰƵġ
Է⸸۾ˣ鶼ϣȻ֣
Ȼˣ֪⺲īΪʲôӦ֣˻ˣʮа˾ֻΪȺŪסǡ
뵽Ҳˡ
Ϊ⺲īʱִԲ
ΪнĻԻͣȫһնġ
ڷҵȴ⺲īһٶ̣
Ȼ⺲ī͸֣յЩԼġ
⻰⺲ī
⺲īԼҲĻˣѿڶ֣ʲôϵҲ䣿
һʧͷϵķ⸸
⸸ǰһ֣
⺲ī˵ͷ
⸸ʱһ

˵֣˭
⸸ŷӦ
ǰ㲻֣Ҳбˡ
⺲īɫһ
⸸ŭ˵˵
ˣ⺲īֻҧ˵ǣ֣գ
⸸˭
ǷȷӦ֣գ֣ҵǸ֣գ
⸸ҲӦ˹֣գ
ɵˡ
֣ʲô𣿡
Ҳ˵֣պ֣һүүģֻ˵֣֮ǰǵ飬԰ܻǶ֣еĺøˡ
Ҫǣ֮ǰ֣յĹù֣µʱ򣬻ǰæŪʮٱȺĿܡ
֣յã˷⺲ī
ʲôǶ𱨣ˡ
ɫҲźڵĲٺˣҲͶԺҪٺ֣ʲô𡣡
͵֣ջٶϷ⺲īרѹ
⺲īȻϵˡ
⺲ī˵֣պ֣һ
⸸ɶĶһ
Ϊϸ룬֪֣մʲô⡣
ΪΪʲôϲ㣬Ϊշˡ
ҪǷ⸸ǿǣǵҪ˼⺲īӣĻܱһٱ
̵ָܶ㶫˳ͨϷҵĹϵýŷҵֱ֣ңȳĹùá
֣ǲרǼҵģһ֣ðһ֣ա
⺲ī⺲īȻ֪ЩֻΥĵ֣ղˡ
Ҳʱһȵȣᣬһ飬ȡ
ʶתͷһ˵˿ɲǷ⺲ī硣
һɣʲôصɴۣīǰ̳Ǹˣ
ҪΪʲôǵôΪ鷢ĵڶ죬̳ΪһЩⱻˣڶûн⣬ӡŻô̡
ӣǮĴʱҲ˲Щˣīҵʱ͸߹uaôϵˡ
⺲ī
ʲô©ƫҹ꣬ˡ
Ȼ⻰⸸ϵʧΪʵʣ㾹Ȼ֪֣նĻ죬ȴ˽ȥ
ǵġ
⺲īŽ͵Ĳˡ
ֱ˵Ȼ˵ˣ㣬ҷ飬Ѿˣ֣ղ֪ܲɣʲôӦ˵ҪæĻ𣿡
⺲ī죬ʲôҲû˵
Ϊ˵ǶԵġ
鵽Ѿûʲô˵ˣ⸸Լúɡ
ѾȰˡ
˵꣬⸸ͷֱ뿪ˡ
״Ҳҡҡͷķ⺲īļ֮Ҳˡ
ǰյ鷿⺲īͻȻ
ȷΪˡ
᲻Ҳġ
뵽⺲īֱһƬãȻ֮С
ʵϣջ治֪飬ϾʱʵջҪĥ⺲ī
ֱ
Сʵ֣ͷСүʲôϵ
ţ
תͷҲûʲôڵģϵôˣ
⻰ٶʱһȻ̧֣֪ɣͷСү飬Ѿ˴ˡ
ֻǴĶʲôûˣ确⺲īȻȻҪ֣˻ʱһΪڰˮɾأʵ֤̫ˣָѹָĸء۷ӡ⺲īҲˣǰŻΪ֣ҪҪžϲ֣ա˺ôҲĹĺӰѺӼʵġ
ڲ֪ڿҺͷ⺲īЦء
Ҳ֪ôһ£˽ҲɸӶûô©
ٵ˿ɲ÷ںƭ⺲īϾյݰ
ڷҵֵô󣬷վȻһ㷴ӦûУǲе㻳ɡ
ٲŻר
֪ԤԵġũҵֲͣԭʲô
ҵˮƽֻ̫ͣ㵽û㵽ԭ
¾סˣֱϵʵȥ
󲻵ٷӦʹ˳ȥ
ĩˣǼˮϳ
Ȼ
˵֣ŰݷãΪʼûҳѷ⺲īй¶ȥļϸԻͷϵķ⸸ֱӾЦˣ
Ҫ֣ջˣʲôС
һߣܼҲڵһʱ͵͵˷⺲ī
ʲô
ڸǼűâʩʵķ⺲īһɣĹӳֱӲͰл
ӳ
أ
˰ɣ
Ƿ⺲īעȴȫڷǱߡ
ԭѾ侲ѾҪͷշˡ
Ķǣ⸸᲻Ϊѷա
һ⸸Էնô죿
ϾֻһԦʦ߼߷⸸Ķ֡
Է⺲īʱͻˣȱլķȥ
ֻû뵽ǣոճţͿ⸸ӵŷմ鷿
⸸ЦһͰúúãſֱ֮ҡ
һԵķͬһЦݣ˿֮ǰ硣
һǫ飺ˡ
ǰڵĳòײɲסŵķ⺲ī
˵õĻء
еĲ̫һ


172 
Է⺲ī̲ס, 磬ǡ
ڷ⸸ͷԷյĿ̬ȣˡ
Ȼ, ⸸ͷͻȻ̬ȣ϶Ϊ˵ǡ
Źȥ˶ã
ӻ԰ܹʱ, Ӷֺͱ˵ˣ
⸸ͷע⵽ſڴķ⺲ī, 𾪵Ŀ⣬Ҳ֪ʲô
ǵɫֱӾͽסˡ
ʵϣ֣սҵ鷿֮ǰ˵Ļһƶù
һȻǡ, á
Ȼ󲻵ȷ⸸ͷ, ֱӷԸıֲȫ鷿
һ걻첼ŵıֲ鷿һ˲䣬⸸ͷٿһ±ɫһֱվ
ΪΪһľϵߣΪһ켶Ʒˮ򽻵ľϵ, ǵһ۾ֲͨϳһ켶Ʒˮ
鵽ﻹû, Ϊţ½һģһ켶ƷˮԼһ켫Ʒâ
һɫ켶ֲ, ⸸ͷֱӾˡ
ʲôʱ, 켶ˮѾʼôˡ
Ҫ֪Ǽֻһ켶ƷˮѾֲ֮һˡ
һʱ֮䶼Ҫúýѵһٵˡ
ȻͿֱָߵһˮ˵Ҹļ񡣡
⸸һ١
ǵڶ裺Ǹĸļ񡣡
Ȼǵ裺Ǹļ񡣡
ĺҲ˲ü
Ȼֱߵ켶Ʒâ, մһ䣺͸īĶ
⸸ͷ۾ֱˡ
͸īġ
īȷرϲâţ֣ˡ
ȵȡ
͸īĶ
ȻǲŷӦ
Ǿ֪һﲻġ
Ȼǿڣָּʣµˮ˵켶Ʒˮ͵Ҹҵˡ
һ, ⸸ͷ˵գˣͣˡ
Ϊ̲סȥ룬һ켶Ʒˮ÷겻Ҫꡭ
һǸ⣬˵ҵĴ֮ǰһֱæʵ飬Բ֪飬Ҳûܵһʱվҥԣں÷Һͺīϣʹܹԭҡ
⸸ͷ̲ס˵ͷ
Щ˵ԭ·ˣǵͷս츸ĸֵܣǶԸ⡣
һ룬ͿͳһӣȻڷһԼʮֻɫһҺ塣
˵ʵЩ켶ˮúī͸ҵġ
ʲô
⻰⸸ͷʧ˵
˭ֲֲ֪һѵ飬ֻľϵ߲ſԡ
ҼɹˣıֲȼĸȼڽĿܸ΢΢ҵȼԽߵıֲӣܹĿԾԽ͡
ǷҵʵҲŬ˼꣬Ҳһ켶ˮ
֣վȻűˮӾ꣡
ҪǣûмǴĻ֣ӦֻǸԦʦôЩ켶ֲ
յ˵ΪҷһҺӪҺҺ߾ɸѡ֮ıֲӵķѿʣӪҺȶֲƷ
ֲûȱݵΪʲôܷѿѿĵȼΪʲôĸҪͣ
ʮʮΪڷѿʱûмȡ㹻
ֻҪܲٿӵķѿʺ͵ȼ
⸸ͷȻҲ֪Щ
ĿѧҼûܽ⣬ȴ֣׾ٵؽˡ
Ҫǣ֣˵ģǾζֲｫΪܡ

֣˵ľġ
Ϊֳɵ֤ݾͰǰء
⸸ͷǰ켶ֲ۾ˡ
֪ЩҺӪҺ츲صı仯
գ켶ֲҺӪҺãҼȶҪ켶ֲﻹǺѵġ
óЩ켶ˮâѾǧ࣬˾ġ
Ҳ˵ȼıֲﻹǺ׵ġ
Է⸸ͷ۾ûգһ¡
ϾȼߵļֲҲ켶ƷһؼıֲѾܹһеֲˡ
Ȼ˵ھͽЩоɹת͸ˡ
šʲô
⸸ͷӦ˵
֣ѵ֪ЩҺӪҺļֵ
գ͵ӭȢīƸˡ
֮Իľ
һΪ˵Ʒֵܲ
ʲô˦ƹֵء
⸸&
ֵܣȴҶܷ
ǵţȴôҲ˵ԵĻ
ȻǾֱӳĬˡ
Ȼ˷⺲īʱһĻ
⺲ī
Լǡҷ⸸Ĵ磺
ֲܹ߱ӷѿʵҺܹȶֲƷӪҺ
֣оģ
Ǻεȵţ
⺲ī&磺ڵpuaôߵ
ԡ
⺲īǰպ˵顣
ֻʱæ͵աҪǵʱзҺӪҺֻıֲҲûнϣû뵽ǣ̶̲µʱ䣬վͰܹ켶ֲҺӪҺз˳
ⲻҪģ֣հЩоɹƸ͸˷ҡ
⸸漴һ˵ǵͬˡ
⺲ī
Ȼǡ
⺲īʶ˵ôʵ𣿡
ôͻȻԼǱ⸸ͷ˷յĴأ
ǲµ˷⺲īһ⸸ͷ̲סһۣ֪ɡ
ͷ⺲īôеҵͷ֮⣬ӶˮɵӣôõļǮѾܲˡ
Ҫǣ⺲īѾ֣ˡ
֣أȻôоɹܹ͸ң˵ĳˡ
ˣﻹõʸǷء
Ȼ֣նԴ⺲īĵģǳȫҲûʲô
˭뵽أԭΪ⺲īⱲҲˣţһˡ
뵽жิˡ
̲סóԣ̳ϵȫĳˣҴȴǸĸ̥ұǸȴҵһùأ


173 
ȵȡ
վȻЩоɹ͸˷, Ƹ
ǲ˵Ĳpua
Ҫֻͬͷյ飿
뵽⺲ī۾˲ˣҪǹ˼ŷ⸸ڳ, ֱ˽ջ
֪ܲʲô
Ƥûʵ˹ȥȻ˷⺲ī, Ƚ
⺲ī
⸸ˣ
⺲īĶ˲Ķܵˮˡ
ˡˡ
ֻô룬ȴ˿ûƿյ˼
⸸˵۽Ƕʱ̲ס鴤
òİײ˾ô˹Ҳ, ڻҪǿֱֳ̫ˡ
ǷȻعƽʱɽһҵ飬һ˵ÿ쵽, ֣һԶٱ㷹ɡ
Ȼܾõġ
⸸Ҳ侲ˣЩ켶ֲ, ǵ˱á
ٴ˰լ¶һ顣
ΪʼնûҵǸ⺲īй¶ȥ, Ȼְҵһ飬ǲһһ»СһΪϡ
ϾЩ켶ֲﻹЩоɹǹغҺδ
Ƿܲ, µĸ߷壬ɾͿˡ
Ȼ⻰ɫȴһ䣺󲿷ֵĸ߽ױֲﶼ˲Щ켶ֲ, Ժıֲﵽʱ᲻ҲȾϣ
⸸ɫ˲ҲˣʶǸˡ
ƫƫֱǶûҵЩֲﻼԭ
Ҳʱ, ͻȻ˵ҪǴͻȻ飬Ҳˡ
⻰ʶתͷգѵֲ֣֢
ЦЦࡣ
ڳķ˵۾˲ˡ
Ҳ˵²˳, ھʹȥũǡ
ȴֹ̧á
һ㶡
ȻǸֲβôܲȥֳۿǵ֢״ء
Ȼ˵˵ЩֲĲ֢ήҲ񣿡
⸸ʶ˵û
գҶøԶϲ֦֢״ûУ
⸸üͷһ壺ǵġ
ЦˣȻÿҺļҲǰ࣡
ԭݾеķ⸸ͻȻʲôǱǰˡ
νҺԱֲԣ൱ʯǸֲﲹġ
ΪǵɱͱֲĽǰιֲҺǹ̶ġ
£ΪֲԭǾһȼӴιֲҺļ
Ȼһ룬˵鲻Ѿ𣿡
θں˯㣬Ҳûгκ⡪
ӵĵ˲
䣡
⻰һһشڳķϡ
ֱӱɫʶܡ
ЩֲǷǧģʮϰĸ飬ôܱǡ
ҲΪˣڴ֮ǰǴûлɹЩֲﲢĵ˲
˵ֱ꣬ӱ졣
Ϊ֮⣬Ҳݡ
ͬ˵θں˯㣬ʲô
ԣҲпǵĳ־ϵļ
Ǿǵĳ־ϵļô߽ױֲܾ͸Լһͬʱϲ
οǲ֪˶ٹشĴֲһľϵߺͿԱβȴʼûܲǵòԭ
뵽⸸ǿѹĵ׵ŭ𣬼ˣϴȥ顣
ֱðǡ
һֱӰʧ⣬⸸Żعͷ³һĨЦ⣬˵ˣȥԷɡ
գõġ
Ȼûͷ⺲īʲôˡ
Գŷ⸸񲻶Ĺֱ˳ȥ
һϳվᳵ·ſ֡
⺲ī״ֻԥ˲ӣֱ˽˷յĻ
ʣʾ̲סˣ
Ĵǣôˣ
ĵģ⺲īûжܷȵĿ⣬ǺŶ˵ͷ
ʲôϲ˲puaҲϲ˻ϲء
˵۷΢ӣ̲ס۽ǣȻǱ촽
ȵ⺲īҪʱ򣬷ղɿ
ʵϻЩδķ⺲ī
ɲһˣ⡪
ʶԼʲô
ͣ
⺲īһֻ׵ĻèֱӱһֻͨĴè
Ȼ˵Ҫȥ𣿡
⺲īŷӦæѹϵȣá
Ȼؿŷմ򿪹ԣ˰Сʱ֮󿪳ĵӰƱϳԷĲԼסľƵꡭƵꡭ
⺲ī
⺲īֱһࡣ
ϾǴèˣô֪ܲһ塣
ôԼã
Ȼ⺲īϵװʲôûпһֱƿĿ⡣
ϾϾǶҳˣ˲Ż飬Ǻ
뷨ֻ˲졭
ϣͺˣڵ޳֡
ǹ𣬿Сʱ

㲻ǹô

ڵڶ磬ʱ˶ˡ
֪պǰ˵ġʮġЩʲô˼ˡ
ȻΪǸֱˡֱô˵ʮĻ
ӵֱˣǸ¹ޣ
ʣʾǵӽˮ
У
֣һҪ֣
ȻһڴϵġȻҲĿ֡
̲ס͵͵˹ԣ۾һϢ磬ںˣ֣շֻü𣿡

ӹȥˣһӹȥˡҲûмظ
⺲īֻܸһϢ
һ룬վŶˣ
źķգ⺲ī
ؼнȡ
ȻʶԼʲô¡
⺲ī
ôһϵĹ򣬺Ӷɵˣ
⺲īֺ֪ܲˡ
˹ȥ˴ӱ˳˵أĹԻ𣬸ղŴҷϢ˵ĹԺ͵ˡ
⺲ī
ԷûлظȴշϢ
ʲôĹԺ͵ˣ
ԷЩϢģ
뵽һ߸շϢһ˵šҵܵǸԾͲԼ͸ˣôҪͷշ֡Ļ⺲īֱӹص˹ԣûС
ѹ֪һʱûסΪֳԲԾȸֵָķղ˵ˣҪҪһȥ棬Ҹ׼һϲ
á
⺲īҲ˯ˣҲûоܾ
ĶǺͷշֵ¡
ķӦ֪ҪǺͷշֿ֣϶ǵһӦġ
Ҫôźأ
ȻվͰѷ⺲īһ½ɵΪۡĵǰ
մŷ⺲īתһȦЦʵô
۹ģӴ󣬴·ΪС·Ժ⺲īһۼľһӵʯɽţɽŽȥ֮ձڡšٵ϶··ĸнʮռزһ꣬ڴģǸֱˡ
Щȫǵο̣׺ϸᣬϵǰѾʽˣǰͨ˺·ﲻԿһ1
Ȼ﹩ֻһλǵ
Ƿ⺲īˣﻹûһɻϲҪΪǰӭǵĹ֪һ顪
ԵȵǹһߣȲתͷգǸʿ
ΪԷյĳƺȻǡʿǡ֡
յ˵ͷ
Ϊô˵Ҳû
֪⺲ī۾ʱˡ
վȻǸʿ
ҿ˵ʱĵʿͺһǲܻȢģǲǻʿ𣿡
ⲻֳɵ˻Ľ
ӣվԼµ롣
üͷһ¶һʿı־Цݣû£ǿԲ飬ֻ͵飡
⺲ī
˰ȣ


174 
ŷ⺲ī˶˵, ô죿
ֻܰһǣˣԺһˡ
⺲īǰһġ
һΣġ
Ͼֲɫжֻѡ
Ҫͷòң
Ҫ, һ, ѵǷ⺲ī⣿
֮, һ߿˳, ĵҲͦ
ƾյĺôһڹ˸ŵķ⺲ī
վֱ, ŭɷգôòˣ
üͷһһҾͶ졣
⺲īŶ, ֱ׳ӵò
ռ˵ң㻹˽һš
⺲ī˲͵һ룺鲻Խ, ûҪò㡣
̲סЦء
һӾָʹŷհһĻķ⺲ī
°ͷջﻹü
۳ŷ⺲īĶˮˣʿɶֹ
ҪȻը, ԿĻ
ֱǣ֣, , ʱҲ, ȥɡ
⺲ī
⹷ʶȤû²̨
⺲ī˲˲, һϷ˧Ĳ̲סתָ, ͷʮָ
ڷֵ, ͿһԺıֺˡ
ȵ˻صҵʱ, Ѿǰʱ֡
ǽ⸸ǿһĨЦǻˡ
棬ŵһƣķ
ʣպͷ⺲īͲµ˵׷ʲôˡ
˵ϵɫ
գ𣿡
ˡ
˵Ƿ, һһ˵֣˵ˣǵȷװ
˷⸸Ļ֮󣬾˽лıֲȫլ
ҲûȥЩֲǴ̸ĵǵĻ
Ͼһĵ˲Ϊⲻ˻˵ǵģʱ͸ճˡ
˵Цѣǲôţô߿飬ˮˮ켶ƷˮؼƷͷ͵ؼƷ١޶ԣЩƷıֲ˵Ļ֮󣬳Σ˿ڡ
еЩ켶ƷˮȱֲﶼǷҷѾ˼ģеѾڷҴٶˣǶԷҵĸ龹ȻЩֻڷҴ˼ʮʮıֲ
òЩֲСˡ
˵ܵһ˵Ĺƻ󣬶ԷӦǣֻҪԸķԸͻÿ͸һƣǿװһܹǽ
ЩֲĶˣΪ˲˺ͷҼ֡
ǷʴûжԲǣǿ֮ǰҲһСĵڵϵʱ򿴼ģҵʱæҰǿؽӣΪµõϲߣרøɫʯһѣܻ桭
ǲôţ
ֱð֮ǰǲһֱûв˭Ѻīй¶ȥ𣿡
ڲˣҲǡ
ǧѷ˵ľڡ
⻹ҪģҪǸ˵˭ǿװĵʲôȻܴٽֲ
˰ǵһǲǸ˭
˾ȻԺ˼
Ҳ֪Ժ˼ĶЩ¡
Ҳ֪Ժ˼ΪʲôǷҡ
Ǽŵϵĳˡ
ȥ˲Ժ˼ŷǰͺ֣Һϻ￪һֲ˾ֵҲˮ
⻹㣬ֺμҽ͵һ𡭡룬֮ǰЩ̺;ͻȻ˺ͷյծͻȻڴǵ飬ʮа˾Ŷμҵֱʡ
Ȼμҿ϶ǿԺ˼ҪȻôͺǽԺ˼ߵһΪ˲ϧΪЦ
ϾԺ˼֣ĶͼڻĳЩѵĹء
οԺ˼μôһͷ
ҲζţԺ˼Źǡ
ǶɹεΣԺ˼Ҳһ취Ըǡ
ƫƫԺ˼μɽǸκβ
ԡ
ڲҲѾֲķ
뵽⸸ͷ˼˲䷢ɢ
μΪʲôǧټƵ£Ժ˼ȻǴԺ˼Ʊʳĺͱҩĵĳ߽ײ㣬Ȼư˼
ֲôֵĶμҵҰľٴô϶ҲѲһ³
ΪԺ˼ǿҲֻһˣܿƵסʮֲֲһǧꡢһأ
οֻҪ㹻ıֲӣҪٱֲܹٱֲ
뵽⸸ͷʱͼ
ԵһȻ׼㹻ӣԽԽá
ЩӴӺζ⿿ÿǵ϶ǲġ
ϵвٵƷͨڻǷһƨɵծõóôǮ
ǿЩͨ˼壬ϾֲܶͨҲһ¡
Ͼͨ˾ʳñֲĻҲǿ壬١
Ҫ˭Ӷ࣬ǾͿ϶Щֲˡ
ֻڴͷЩֲ϶Ը޸ǡ
⸸ĬĬǾͰЩֲѺǺˡ
ʲô
һ
ЩֲǷҵĸ
ϾͷӦ˹
ô
ȻҲͲʺڷˣΪǹȥ
ֱӴǣվЩ̡
԰ͳȥҲһѡ
ЩֲƷֻҪԺʵʵģȵֲ֮ǵĴ϶ûںãܱסһ
Է죬ֱˡ
Щֲ壬ʮа˾ŻӦǵĽΪ˶С©Ľ
ôˣ⸸˲˲١
ʲôһݺͬ
ȻֱݺͬǩԼָ֣˷ҵӡ¡
Ȼݺͬݸ˷գ֣˵ҪЩоɹ͸ƸˣǼҲӣǷҡ͵ļױ
Ҳ˵ǷҸյƸ񣬿⻰̫Υˣ˵ڡ
뵽⸸ɨһĻ֮󣬽ֺ˵ķ⺲īһ
תͷ۲ΪԺǷÿɵ涼С
룬൱ڷ¼Ժڸմˡ
գá
Ȼ⸸ô˵ˣȻѾ⣬Է˵ԸֻٷҲûãҲûоܾ
ֻһ㣬ֱ⸸ͷļƻ²ô˳
ڶ죬ҾͺЩͨ˼˺
ҽԼļƻгЩͨ˼Ȼܾ֪˷պͷҵĹϵ֮
ˣǻѷҼƻеģǽҹֲӣĳ޳ṩʽ
ҲһҪǾǷұλᣬƽܷƽȨʵʩ
ȻҲܾ
ϾǼȻҲʵϵĽ߼壬Ǽҷһ˿ûմȾϰ߼ĿˡĶϰ
οյĹù֣㻹ڼء


175 
һ, μլμҲЦſ
úúãһ켶Ʒֲ, ؼֲ, ʮֲ, һ˵ջǲ
ȻתͷһԵԺ˼, һȰˣ
Ȼˣ۾ٵҰ, Ժ˼˵ôһֵĸж
Ժ˼Ҳֻܹǫ࣬Ӧġ
Ͼ£òͷ
⻰Ȼǫʡ
ΪЩֲﶼӵɭҵġ
ʮɭ, νɭ, Ǳ鲼ֲͱ춯ɭ֣ռ˵½֮ʱգ඼ûЩɭ֡
֪, ЩɭжΣա
Ϊ˻Щֲڵɭһ£¶޲˵, ʱһα춯ֲϮȻû, ǻǵȴ˲һ롣
֪εɭ֮, ˶ٵľš
μȴװƣͺ, ãǿЩֲסԶԶ, ֻί˼Ϣ֮һ˵ڶɭˡ
ǵļƻͺܼˣԺ˼ȥҰռ㹻ıֲȻԺ˼ȥƻЩֲıֲҲϡήҲ񡯵ĲȻû¢ʳĺҩĵг
һҲֻỳǱҵЩֲﴫȾˣȻŭȫϡ
ǿЩֲߵɽˮĵزȻõͼ۰ıֱֲ̲Щ塣
ֻҪҵˡơЩֲķȻκáЩֲʱǵˡ
⻰Ժ˼˲佩Ӳһ˲
һ룬μ˵ģ³֮μһģұ֤ʱķֺ첻ɡ
μʲô⣬Ժ˼֪ܲ
ŴһӸˡ
ɵķֺ죿
Ҫƻ˳ʵʩ
Ժ˼μҾǸɵķֺҲˡ
Ҫǣֱ˲ٿڹ֮еĸо
Ǿ仰μҵ£òͷ
Ҳʱ˽μͨ˷׼ǼҵıֲѺͼֲ幺һЩӣԼƺҡ¼ҵͨ˼ʲôЭ顣
μûж룬ҪԺ˼һ˼Ҫңûѷҷ
ЦѾͶ·ˡ
ҪȻҲıֲҲõѺȥ
Ժ˼Ҳ˲١
ֻΪһȡΪѾȲЩıֲˣҪȡһʵֲ
ֻǵϣעҪˡ
Щͨ˼ңǾ͸Ӳˡ
ֻΪЩͨ˼ҲǴ˼©˼ŷѵʱֺ÷ңȵ֮Юͼ
ϾЩͨ˿ζʵʲôƽȣɲýʾ֭Ӫ
Ҳ룬Ǹ
Щͨ˼ǮҲġ
ÿ궼ѹˣЩͨ˼ȻܴճʮĽȻʲôһöûеĵۡ
԰˰źͻȥЩͨ˼򼸴ˡ
뵽μЦѡ
һȥ
ŷµũ½ұ⳥ЩĶ
֪˭ĵ˷պͷ⺲īԼĻ沢ҷϡ
Ϣ漴罻Ȧ֪ڱﳰǻͷΪߣ֣˾ȻҲԸǽҲ˵⺲ī϶ǱҷˣҪȻôܻͷһ𡭡
ֲæſҵЦʱũҵֲٴεͣ
Ϊû죬ܶµıֲﾹȻҲˡήҲ񡯵Ĳ
Ϣ˿ֻ֮С
ֲҩĵļ۸Ҳ漴ǡ
ҲͬμԤϵ˶̵˷ϣΪЩıֲﶼǱҵıֲﴫȾˡ
һʱ֮䣬Ϊ˹ʸ֮ġ
ȻҲΪģΪУǱڸ֮䣬ͼһЩȡ
ȻԸٵŬⳡڱֲ֮ĴȾҡ
úúá
˵ұˣμլμ̲סƴЦ
ȵЦ֮رһ⣬˵ھǳֵʱˡ
⻰׵Ժ˼Ҳ˲¶һɵЦ
Ȼϲãǲò˵μҵȷһʡĵĺ顣
Ҳԥߵ֣ҡ
ǵڶ죬μҿٳһռĶֲ԰ֲ԰ӵ켶Ʒֲһ꣬ؼֲʮ꣬ͻƼֲİ꣬Ŀǰ֮һ󣬶Ҹֲ԰ĵһ²ϾҪ˵ϢͿսѵһ
Ϣһ
ũҵֲ漴ͣʳĺҩĵļ۸ӦȻĿǰļ۸ҪȡȾ֮ǰһֹ
˻ڹ
Ϊ˭Ҳܱ֤μҵЩֲͲᱻȾ
¹ȥˣһ¹ȥˣۿμֲ԰ı²˶ܸڶˣμֲ԰ﻹûдֲﱻȾϢ
ٿֲľϵߣ˼סıȽƫƧģ϶ˡ
ҲΪˣЩԭμƽƽļ壬μҵ֮¶ټɵҲΪδɶμ
μҵļƻﵱȻûꡣ
μҵҵ£ⶨһݡΪ˷ֹȾɢдȾֲ塷ϣṫ
ʱͷˡ
ͬ⡣
˫˫ͬ⡣
ǸʲôԵģڲų̨ߣҪ¾ͰЩȾıֲﶼˣҲͲֵʰĵزˡ
û
ɵ˰ɣʲôãЩֲЩֲľϵߵӣҪţҲû
Щֲȫʳ

ϰٷ֮ʮڶ֧ЩıֲЩֲľϵߵĶˡ
ˣȫˡ
ֱ̱ϡ
Ҫ֪һľϵһҲһܹһؼƷϱֲЩֲнյķ⣬ʮа˾ſȫǼ˵ĻۣЩֲûˣ˵Ǽʮϰ֮ڶٻָյٹ⣬ڵĵλȻҲסˡ
ƽʱŰˣ˿ɲ֪֮Щ˻ôԸǡ
ҲŭɶңַңҪŪҲͲӡ

ĳ棬ͬʱĸ䡣
ЩԽμ˾Խ⡣

μ⡣
Էҵ³Ҳ֪
Ժ˼ѾȲˣȻˣھͿԿʼһƻˡ
ֻҪʱųչЩȾıֲǿļ۸ٵͣΪʧЩֲľϵҲὫЩֲǡ
ȻֻҪǼʱо˳ƽҩз
ʱһжˮɣ
á
μ緢˸Щֲľϵ߰˵绰Լ˻ʱ䡣
ҲͬԤϵһ˵μ׼չЩıֲЩֲľϵֻԥһӦ
ȵһг䶨μҡ
һؼֲİʮֲ
μתȦ侲
ֻϧЩֲĴңζϰ켶ƷֲǣҪȻǵջԶԶֹЩˡ
ûϵһǻɿڵġ
Ҫڼ֮ǰһؼƷıֲǰ˾ʮҲһõֻ˲˸ھ֣˵ĵƷֲˡ
ȻЩɲˣμеʽ𣬻ǱһʼڵĴ
һ뵽ũҵֲ塪ΪԤϵ˹Ʊʱǣǰͼ˼ʮڵĹƱ˵μҼĶ壬Ϊ֮ϵĴڣǾ˲佫Щ׵Ժ
ЩֲڣǵģǻõΪЩСǮģ
Ժ˼ͬ˷ܲѡ
ֻΪǵļƻɹˣΪ˵˵ɭһ켶Ʒ١
ĻӦҲĿǰʵߵսͱֲ
μҼ¶һĶ֡
μΪʲô޼ɵѹեΪʵߣμһϵ߶׾ٵس
ҲΪˣŲҷμҡ
ڲһˣ켶Ʒ٣һμңѾ䱻ڷˡ
ֻڻǺμ̯Ƶʱ
ϾָμҰֲ԰ء
ͺμָסЩֲΪμҵƹһ
뵽Ժ˼Цøˡ
ҲʱһͻȻ˽һţˡ
ڸղţٿһŷᣬ֣оֲķ
Ϣ漴սѵһԭıΪμ½һңϢѹ˵ڶ
ʲô
μ˺Ժ˼ͫһˢˢתͷǸˡ


176 
μȷӦ
, ܡ
ֲ
ʲôЦ
ֲҪܹһؼƷֲļ۸Ҳڸߵ˾ʮڵĳ̶ȣмС
Ҫ֪֣Ԫ򸾾ı˼ʮ, Ҳ˲ʮڵҡ
ȻѾȫˡ
Բֻ, ֳЩıͺýҲһƬȻ
ȻͿֱӷųһݡ
˵ʵ֤, ֣ƳĻƼƷҺ, ܽaƼƷֲӵķѿ100bƼƷֲӵķѿ95, cƼƷӵķѿ80
֣ƳĵؼƷҺܽaؼƷֲӵķѿ11bؼƷֲӵķѿ7, cؼƷֲӵķѿ3
ԱֲӵĻԽ仮Ϊabcdļ, aֲӵĻߣѿҲߡ
ڳı;ǸֲĴСľϵߣ⻰, ֱվⲻܡ
ҵʦżľϵߡһУոԺȫԸ, ҲཫaؼƷֲӵķѿ2
ǷȻſھ͸˵Ǹν֣зĵؼƷҺܽaؼƷֲӵķѿ11
Ƿȴţ˵֮, ֣һӪҺʵ, ֲӵʱ, ʩӦļӪҺܰñֲڳ֮ǰʹﵽĸĵȼ
͸ˡ
׵ıЦˡ
Ͼ˭֪, ñֲıֲٻĸȼ⼸ǿڱֲ׼
гֵɻɷǿ̡
תҪ뿪
ΪǾֻ˷ǵʱ䡣
һʼͲӦſյĽϣһӣμⳡνŷᡣ
ȻˣҲ֪ӦòǿôƵڻбȷ˵ĻƵ
Ҳʱ򣬷ڷеݽ壬˵֪ʵ鱨棬ڳλͬСڡԼֱǰĹǿ϶ǲŵġ
νۼΪʵΪ飬Խ죬ҽʱ֣ҺӪҺıֲȫ˷ֳ
⻰ЩѾҪֳ߳ļαý˲ͣ˽ŲȻתͷ
ͬʱֱӰең
ǾĿ֮£ĻȻ䣬¶һ
ڣõһ߼ʵıֲ
䣡
һ˲䣬˶վ
ǻ򲻿ţΪԼΡ
ܣⲻܡ
Ȼɫֱӳ˲
Ȼ̤һ̣һŨҵıֲϢӭֱֱ˴ǵϡ
һ̣Ǿͣˡ
ǿЩֲ䣺ǵؼƷײˡ
ǵؼƷ
Ʒɡ
ǻƼƷס

ˣ˵ֱÿʮϰٶӿĹˡ
үɵˡ
үҲɵˡ
ЩαӣڵֲӦöǱֲûˡ
˵жֲ
Ŀ˾Ű٣һǧ϶еġ
ܳû뵽֮꾹Ȼܿôֲһá
˭أ˵ֶĶ˸ô𣿡
Ҳ˵˵ģǸʲôҺӪҺֲܹ
ʶĿһ컹tmĲ˽ڣ
ţƣ
֣ţƣ
ţƣ
УĻһ㶼񫣬Ҫȥ¥һҪȻû취ļй
Ҳȥ
ȵȣ֣գ
֪Ǹ֣𣿡

ͷйϵ֣գ˭
ݣ
ݣ
ݣ
Է֮Իͬ⺲ī֣һʮа˾Ϊ֪֣շ˸ôĶ
үɵˡ
үҲɵˡ
ҵʱΪڳԲĬ˷⺲ī֣һ飬СԼ

Щˣ˵֣ˡ
Ͼո˵⺲ī֣ս͵һʱǿûٸųҡ
ҲΪ֣Ϊ˱Թ⹴ķ⺲īǵʱûнϡ
Ϊǿ֣Ѿ֣֤ʵûʲôıҲϾҪǸˡ
Ծ֣մ˷ʲôأ
û뵽֣վȻתͷֲܹҺӪҺ
ǿֲܹоɹ
ǸǶ棡
ԭӦ֣ҵġ
Ϊ֣տӡ
֣ԪͻȻͺˣ
ЩҺӪҺ֣ﻹõӪӪʲôҲ㹻֣ҳΪ޿֮ϵĴˡ
ûˣȫûˣ
ҪҡûǵĲԣûһٶض֡
һҰ׵֣Ԫ͵һѪȻһֱֱصȥ
ֻһΣһԵ֣ȴûǰ˼ôֱֱˤ˸ͷѪԲѡ
Ϊ÷ȻѾˣʲôǵĲԣ֣ԪȻȫƵͷϣѵЩ鲻Լһ
֣͸˵ˡ
ضֱ䣬ս˫ֱð
ôҲû뵽⺲īǸ˸˻֮ӷǰøˡ
ҪǣҾȻˣ֣ա
ֱЩͺͼڿˣһ㱵ػصλϣһûܷӦ
ΪͻȻʶһЩֲ߽ͨУôЩԭֲҵŵֲľϵߵĵλҲһǧɡ
Ҳʱ򣬷˵ˡ
ԼڷϹԤֲڱֲĶۣݶΪؼƷֲǱһ꣬ؼƷֲǱһꡭƼƷֲʮǱһ꣬ƼƷֲʮǱһꡣ
䣡
䶯ˡ
ΪѾоƼƷƷıֲձͳ࣬Ҳζţͨ˿Ƽֲ
ƼƷֲʮǱһꣿûɣ
ûʮǱһ꣬Ҽǰʱˡ
Ҳ˵һֻͨҪŬ꣬һֲ
һƼƷֲһȿԼʮƽĻƼƷʳĻҩģҲ˵ǾûеҲûϵзӵĿճһͿˣûӵľһֻһ䷿Ǿֻܱһˡ
һʲôǿǱֲﰡֳıʳĿǿ塢ٵıֲﰡ
棬͵ҰӪˡ
֣֣ڣҡ
~ʱڱˣ

仰ڳļαҲ
תһ룬ʳĺͱҩĵĵȼԽߣЧԽãֲֻͨƼƷƷֲʱֻЩľϵܹƷıֲǵĵλٲήȥ
ҪǣеıֲﶼˣںͷҺﹺһƷıֲǻάڵٻҪȻټʮڣǶͷˡ
ȻҲǷҡ
ֻЩαͬ仰μȴûܻع
ˣȫˣ
μʯ̶ɵĽֱӵ˵ϣ˲֧顣
֪һҿʼֲʳĺҩг߼۸ȻҲ֮
ǶڻЩֲĲǰʲôǡ
ζţǵļƻʧˣ
ҪǣҶļ۸ôͣؼƷıֲﾹȻֻҪǱһꡪҪ֪֮ǰûٴЩֲﹺĵؼƷֲһǻ˰˸ڡ
ζţҪЩֲﴦҪȥһǮ
Ҫֲ֪Ǯ󲿷ֿɶǽġ
ң֣ա
μЪ˹ĺ
˭뵽ˣһڴ֮ǰûбǷģһСȻһ֮Ʒμҡ
ֻμˣͬһҰ׵ĻԺ˼
ʧ˵ܣܡ
ҲʱֱͻȻƮһĻȵȣǲˣȾ黹ûнأһЩֲҲȾô죿

ܳû@@ͳЩòıֲȫѽ

μرһ⣬ֱתͷԺ˼˵ȻٽЩֲӦҲ֪ȫŪɡ
Ժ˼˲׹
ȵҵıֲ￪֮ȫ֪ŪһЩеıֲʱЩʧصһάȨȻǾͿԳЩֲҲл򲡣Ӷȷҷֲ
һִȾЩֲȫŪ
뵽Ժ˼ЦˣȻ
֪ʱֱֳ﷢˷
漴Ц˵ȾҴɲõġ
ʲô
˶סˡ
Ц˵ΪûʲôȾ
˻һʯ쾪
μ˺Ժ˼ϵĿϲûɢȥĵ׾ͻȻӿһɲõĸо
Ȼһ룬ͼϯ̨ϵķΪһУμҵı
䣡
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177 
ʲô
һ, ڳļαֱĹڲŷӦ
ʲôûʲôȾ
һжμҵıʲô˼
ҲӣʣλͲΪʲôЩֲò֮ȴɳԵ˯úã
ΪʲôμһԽϵΪļȴһҹ֮óôıֲ
ΪʲôǶ׼Щֲ, μȴڴЩȾıֲ
һ, ϶ʱһȻ
ǵȻûлɹ, μһҹ֮侹Ȼóôıֲұһֲ巿ӵеıֲҪࡣ
ҿǼ弸Ļ, μҿʲô
ҲΪ벻ףҲֻǻɡ
ҧгݣôһ£
ֱٴΰең, Ĳǽ˲һĻһԺ˼ƬΪμҿ
ʶ˵ⲻԺ˼𣿡
Ͼ, ˭֪μСү֣֣δ, μҲֹһּɵӡ
û
ȻͰ֮ǰҷ, Լȫ˵˳
ֻ˵ , ҲΪʲôԺ˼֮ǰ㺦μұͨеˣμȴͺԺ˼ּɵĸԭ򡣡
϶ʱһƬȻ
òҲ֪, ˵ĻȻ˾ŷ֡
ʣµһֻ֣Ҫǻȥ֮һЩıֲ֪ˡ
ò£֪μҴʲô⣡
һ뵽ǵıֲѾμƭˣڳ˶ŭˣμҿǺġ
ǰǵˣˡ
Ҫǲһ, û꣡

ˣȻûЩֲҲɻǸƷľϵء
֪ȴμҵĽʲô
뵽, Цˡ
ֱ⣬μ˵ɫȴˡ
μˣ
ˣ
ôܣôܣ
Щֲôܰй¶ˡ
Ժ˼ֱɣȻֱֱȥ̱ϡ
ˣ
ЩֲﶼܱѾǼʮļ壬ôܲᱳأ
뵽Ժ˼ֱҧԼ촽
ЩѾҪˣҪǽô죿
ǾԴУ
μս˫ȭ
Ӧô
Ҳʱ뵽ʲôμתͷԺ˼
Ժ˼ͷһ
ֻһ˲䣬μʹ⣬˵˼鵣
ֻҪԺ˼Ըǳһж⣬ΪľǱңʱȫԶƣҲ֪ȾʵԺ˼ֱʣҲǱԺ˼ƭˡ
ʱװģصǸһЩˮˢЩֲ岻ţֻҪ˾С
ΪһܱסԼһ鳤ְλ
ֻҪһ鳤μҾ겻ˡ
뵽μ̲ס
⻰Ժ˼Ŀѣܡ
ôܲ²μƳȥʱμҰȫˣ¾·һˡ
ΪЩֲľϵ߾Ź
ȻΪǷַ˲Ʋдʮͽ̡
ǵĽ˼Щֲľϵ߻᲻֣
˭ܱ֤μºΪ˷ֹй¶ȥὫɱڣ
μûаķԷ
˵ģǲģȹ꣬ķͷȥˣһȳ
룡
Ժ˼ҧгݵ
ˣôΪμһһõĺ顣
תҪߡ
Ժ˼ôʶȤμ˲
㻹ǾƲԳԷƣ
˵ֱ꣬Ӻˣץס
ųΧμˣԺ˼׺ˡ
Ѿһμֱ˺Ժ˼ҪʶȤһ㣬˵һࡣ
ȻԺ˼ϣǾͲҪĺˡ
ãǵʱ򻹿ԶƣԺ˼ǽҴĿ֮󣬾ͼܣȻ֮ͱ˼ҵսԺ˼Ǳǻˡ
һǸ˵
ˣҪеźá
뵽μ۽ǵһԵϡ
Ȼˡ
ôҲû뵽ӡ
˵֣侲һ㣬һİ취ġ
֪û˵꣬μŭ˵ʱˣ㾹ȻԺ˼
ʶľҪ
Ȼڣμ˵ˣҲһץ
ʶʲôͫһŵĿμ
Ȼ˵ʲôˣΪѶЩμ˺ͱѾɱ˹
ҲʱԺ˼Цˣ˵壬μ㲻ΪԶô۸ɣ
ʲô
μһ㶡
һ룬ŴͻһԺ˼͵شܳһȴϸצĹ
⣬ǡ
μͫʽ켶Ʒ١ԣϢ켶Ʒ١
δ䣬ͼǴ͵ر˲͸μ˵ؿڣһ˺Ȼμĳӣμ
μĿѣ
ҲıֱסˣȻʶԺ˼ɱĿ׸硣
ֱӺ۾ΪʲôҪôôô
ͣ
Ժ˼ֱƷ˳ȥ
յϣԷŹһ
Ҳ˶ˡ
ҲΪһ
ͣ
ֱӴ˳漴ȥһغ
һĻڵͷѪһѪں䣬ֱӻ˹ȥ
μʬ壬ֱӾͺˣ͵̧ͷԺ˼ҧгݵԺ˼صÿ
ֻΪԺ˼Լ켶Ʒ٣ĿļֱԶ

Ժ˼µ켶Ʒ٣ҪôĻ飬ܱƵȥɭ
һúúøлŶԣҪǱƵģҲô˵ڵɭС顣
⻹Ժ˼Լ켶Ʒأ
⻰μЪ˹غɱɱ
ڳμ˵ֳȥ
Ժ˼켶ƷٵĶ֣ڵμֱӱԺ˼ٿ켶Ʒɱ˸߽߳

Уصʬ壬ٿźδԺ˼μҪˡ
ͬһĻԺ˼ȴǳһڶ
ŭҵ³
Ц
ֻϧûһɱμ
ȻЩˣҪٵ鼸ӣȵЩϹ߲ˡ
뵽ʹ٣뿪μҡ
ϵԽԽԺ˼Ҳ侲
Ȼɱμôˣֻһ뵽鴫ȥ֮϶ܵͨͲüͷ
ûϵͷ棬
леļƻķҺ֣ա
ʱҲһǶۡ
뵽Ժ˼ս˫ȭ
֪ͻȻ֮䣬µͻȻͣ˽Ų
ôˣ
ʶ˳ٿŵķ˹ȥ
ֻʮĻ֮УһֱľĳһЦſһַ̧˷Լͷϵľñ
ǧֳľԴ
䣡
һա
Ȼİ׹⽫Ժ˼ϵľֿ̻쾡¡


178 
䣡
һ׵, ⳡһĴͣˡ
æŸҩһİȫʵ飬Ȼͽӵ˳ٴĵ绰
ĨϵѪۣ˳߽°Ժ˼, ˵֣, ԸѾץסԺ˼, ҲѾǷˡ
, æŴɨս, ˳㽫ٵֿװ, ȥƳ
˭ٲǿʳͱֲ, Ǿֻȥݾˡ
΢΢һЦãˡ
Ȼ͹ҶͨѶ
ڳΪʲô绰飿
ȻΪٻԺ˼ܵ·ϣİš
Ͼնݲ, 紵ڻࣨˣԺ˼ԭǣĵǶġ
Ϊ˱Ժ˼Ժ, Ǿɣ
Ժ˼θ룬ǾͲĿǷΧ֮ˡ
Ȼ, ӦҲһϲ˰ɣ
Ҫѵϵס
Ϊףϲ, ȥ⺲īǽ
լ, ڷ˾񱨱ķ⺲īͻȻһ磺
Ժ˼ץ鲢ûĲ, Ϊ˱ֲＴϲ
ܿ, ǾͷǸ˵̫ˡ
Բ, ǶҾȥ̨˼СʱĹ, ϹϵԤ쭵ʮڣ
ʲô
һĵŶĿǰÿĲһǧֲ², ʮ꣬Ҳ˵Ҫŵǧʮ󣬲쵽һֲ
߽顭ֱӸ޹

ˣһ£Ȼȷ涨ÿԺֻһֲҲ˵˵ʱȸĹ˾ṩһԵʱƻôꡣ
үɵˣ
@ϣأӰɣӺŮһˣǸ¶Ϊòٲ񣬻鷿ҲرСֻһ׸ĸһֱӦǵĻ£ɿˣ˵ǼҿԲҪͻ鷿ֻҪһֲС

һʱ֮䣬Ҳ֪Ǹ¥ϻǸĽ¥ϡ
۰ɣϾ¥ٻŮѣ#ٱ#
ݣ
@б°Ϣųб
@б°Ϣųб
@б°Ϣųб

@ϣҾûôˣʱ𣬲ð԰סý籣007Ҳû⣬¿Ƴұ֤ԲᱧԹ䣬ֻҪһƼƷֲֻҪһƼƷֲ˳Կϵ
ϱ΢ˡĬĬ1

⸸˷ܵؼҹߡ
ΪգһԾΪһֲңΪЩԱ֤ҽʮʳǡ
ҲͰˡ
Ȼˣֵø˵黹ֹһ
ֲܹϢһũҵֲӦͣ
Ͼڴ֮ǰũҵֲܹѹƼҪԭǱֲ٣۸񰺹
ڱֲＴΪôֵĶȻҲͼֲȥˡ
Ҫ֪μ֮ǰڹͶ˼ʮڣټǼڱֲϿǮμҵǵҵ׾㶼ȥ˿¶
оǣǳս֮μҵҲˡ
Ȳ˵μŮֱӾͱԺ˼ɱĸֻһԺ˼ǣ͡
μѾñˡ
ʲô͵ʴףˣ
ϣμܼסҵĽѵ
ֻϧǣμҲ飬ǰݺݵһңȻȫƵԺ˼ͷϣμҴӡȾժ˳
ˣҲѾˡ
ȻҲֻ֪ҪμһڣԺ϶ҧǲš
ʵҲ󣬱ϾμѾʸ֮ģܵشʱ֮ǱˣǷңԶԶμܱȵġ
Ͼֲ߿ЩߣΪʳĺҩĶԽߵô󣬶ʳĺҩΪ٣۸񰺹󣬸ƷмУԼǽߣҲһϱʳģڲһˣʳĵĲǱǮƵ£ԺȻôԾôԡ
֪ڱʳĵ£˼꣬ߵʵ϶ܸһ¥
ԷֻԽԽãμҾǣҲõ
μڣ˵ܼǵĺ˷ܷϡ
ֱڶϣ˲΢侲һЩ
Ҳʱǽӵ˴ĵ绰Էɴϸ磬Ժ˼Ҳˣ㿴ǵļƻǲǿԿʼˣ
⸸ֱ壬˵õġ
˻ϲȻҲ˳
⺲ī
⺲īȥ̳ҫһΪ֮ǰ̳Ϸ𣬽̳Ѷ˵Ǳpuaˡ
ˣҪȥϢҫһ
ոմ̳ͿһƮӣǣĳfպСү˵
⺲ī
fе찡
ʶص˽ȥ
ԭС˵дĶģɵҵһİӣֻΪŮ䡣
⡤ɵԡīûв´ĻĳfպСү˵Ӧþˡ
ͺ֪֮
һ
žǱ˼ҵİɣ
ʣʾĽ
ڸԼһ鳣Լɵü𣿡

Щۣ⺲ī󲻴ڵβͶˡ
߾ʲô
㻹ûпʼ˾ѾĽˡ
⺲īԽԽģ̲ס˸ҳ¿ȥȻͿЩѵĿڷ˲ת˸һٰʮȵ䡣
ȵȣǲľܳðɣ

emmmmȻǣʵҲǿ߲̫Զ
1ȻͦС˵ľӢѧҹܵģʵУӢѧҹǾӢѧҹǲҲɣ
˵ˣfСүֻǸͨˡȻzҲֻǸԦʦǽߺͨһһǲкýģϾƵʱzڻ׳꣬fСүѾ׷Բˡ
ҪǣfСүzṩ˶zеʸУȵʱһzڹƾͻˡ
⺲ī˶ɵˡ
ʶתͷһԵĴ磺磬˵Һ֣ܲһһ𣿡
š
ԭϷ⺲īĻʶתͷһ⺲ī˵ʲôһ
ϾͷӦ˹˵⻹֣ôϲ㣬ǿ϶ܶϵġ
⺲ī
Ҫ۽ǵÿһֻۣfСүȱˡǰ׺ŵǡҴȴǸĸ̥СǸȴҵһùأܻ˴а
ŷַ⺲īڹǸ̳Ȼ˶ˡ
⺲īҲˣΪֿۡ
ֹһСϢЩſɶڰҪfСүǽء
ЩӦòôûƷɣ
ң㻹̫ˣ
ȸ򵥴ֱһˣʮˣһƼƷֲ㣬Ӫվܳڣ˵ĸƷıֲǴͷء
Ҫ֪׸ҲǧǱء
˵պfҵԼzڵʱܻɡ
zھǸ֪
ЩܲĶ
ϾҪܰţʲôأ
Ҹ¥֤¥˵ģΪǼҵļҪӵܲŮȫz˺󣬶ҺԼľƬ
ŴʵѡļƹҲˣ
ֹ˵õľЩѵˡ
⺲ī
Ҫʲô֪zл˼ˣΪɧôãȴûоܾһ˵ĺ롣
٣
⻰ȻǴ˵ġ
ʶ⺲īڲ鿴֮ҲæӣҲ仰
Ȼʶؿ˷⺲ī
⺲ī
⺲īѾըˡ
æҵ˳˺ţ˷յĹ˺ţ򿪺¼һ۾Ͻʺġ9999
һʲô֣ʶһ𣿡֣ұȷ⺲īŶ!¶ǵ¼
һ롪
ͣ
⺲īֱûˡ
һֻɫȫըëĻèԭء
磺
Ѻģˣ
ȵȣˡ
⺲ī
磺
èڸ˲Щֱɳڵؾȥҹȥˡ
˹鷿鿴׵ķһ㶣ʶֱס
Ҫݺݵڷ°צӣȴֱ˽˷ջĻè
ؼǷӦøոϴһԡ£һˣԷ´ֱӾɿˡ
è
ˣһԲϾɫա
ʶûкͷճ顣
ŷӦ
ҷյ鷳ģɲͷġ
ֻǻûڣ˵ǡˣ
˵ôͻȻֿԱԭˡ
èĻ˲Ϳɤۡ
ΪͻȻ뵽һ飬èˣվȻϳ
ⶼ㰮ʲôĲ㣿
ԷôȻɷȡ
ЩĻè
ͻȻ飡
ԡӦÿԹǰ˰ɡ
ֻèˣӦҲֲˡ
뵽è˲ʲô̳ʲô졯ȫ׵ԺںڵĴ۾ֱӾڷתƿˡ
ǰĶ䲻ҪβҲҪһҡ
Էգ
յЦֱӽ´⿪ȻζؿŻɫèиÿģ뿴𣿡
è
ΪԼηյ¸ˡҡĴۡ
յȻǸˡ
׻Ѿ˯˹ȥˣ´
ĴϲӣȻʲôףһ¡
ղеûѳסͷˣΪ˱⺲īһ֮߳ŭȻʲôֺһ¡
ãԺ⺲īеǿűâˡ
Ǿâꪺˣ˳ȥһЩСըˡ
뵽̧űԺȥ
Ҳժʮâ׼ȥʱ۽ǵͻȻǽǴһĳϡ
⽣е찡
ȻղŷӦ
ⲻ콣
ʶô
콣ڲӦ
ʵյͱ⺲ī°˵콣˵㵱Ȼ֪Ϊʲô
ҡǰҲˣһ£һ˷ʮ˴ΣÿζֱӴǰ߹ȥˣ⺲īǽʱ򣡣
գ
ͻȻ飡
콣۵һ˳ޣУ


179 
գ
ô, ֻܰ콣ϴɾϸϸһ㻤, Ȼʮа˾µĽƣ, ܰɣԶ, ɱٱץˡ
⻹˵
ֻ콣ҵķָһ˽⣬Ȼתͻһˣݰϣ
գ
ܾ콣
ܿͰЩ׵Ժ, ΪâˣС㻹ûء
תȥ
âꪣСɵķ⺲īȻûܷƢ
ҹˣһһֱء
̧ײײ, ߴٵ, ĹԺŵΪѵķʽĳɾܾΪѡ
ʶ򿪹һ, ֪֮ǰèڵسΪʲôˡ
ʵ, ʱæʵ, ûע⵽Щ
̲ס׷⺲īա
ôÿ춼ôɰأ
Ȼ̲סҪɴ֤ʽĳҪشҵⲢȷϣȻֱӰóԼ, ȼĹԺţͬ⡣
֪⻰⺲ī۾ֱӾˡ
˲Ϻߣֱ˵ô졣
Ͳţնô˵ˣЩҪļһﻹ
ңѵǱ
գ
յȻˣá
仰֮󡪡
ĳЩҪļһ
Լ˵Ĵ磺
ĬĬְ̳ϵȫĳˣһֱΪҵСǸɵԣʵǸĻ꾫!
ܰһԵת֣
ҲѾ˻, Ϊѷ⺲ī˵ǡ
Ȼ⺲īֻǽԦʦ
ǲٵǻ׳ʱ򣬷⺲īѾ׷Բˡ
ڷæֲ͸⺲īףʱһߣͻȻ˺ܶ޺ʹյƵ¡
⣬Щͨ˼ֱʡ
Ժܿ죬˵ĿͶӱֲתƵ˷ϡ
ϱͻ𱬵ȶ漴һ¥
ϾǷշҺӪҺֲҲڽΪܡ
죬عýͷ׷׷һ֮ƶ෢չ̵ΰˡ֣գ
ΰĿѧңû֮һ
֣ȻǸߣ۷Ĺײ˲𡣡

ŶʮʾڳΪ֣սһ
Ҳ漴ʾȫΧ࿪չһԡ֣աΪͯĴ
е쵼ݱʾ֣յ¼ΪһӰ

һʱ֮䣬յֱӱ˶塣
ҲʱһΪ֣ҪЩʲôãԼ˭ǵùڼܿ࡯ϢͻȻѵһ

ͷϵֱӾͱϢˡ
ʲô
ϾʱֻͶʮֵĺܴԾ˶֪飬㵱ʱ˵ģҲˣϾʵ̫ˣڶľˡ
Ե˿
⻹ǰˣʱ֣յĹùֱ֣ʱյһ˿ġԡ֣Ϊ˾˿ǸұУǸұȥҽԺ·ϣԺ֣ͽ̡
٣
Цһͨһһߡ
ֱӾըˡ
ǰֻ֣ǸͨĶԦʦҲˣΪΪǽôĹףǻùùڼǲе̫ˣ
һУʮǹǶʲôãﾴ֮͸м֮飬Ȱ˼ҹù÷ųѽ
Щͨ˼ҪľȺ鼤ߡ
ԷҲʱҹù޹ģϣͷԺܹһס
ȻˣһУʮ֣ڶˡ
°ɡ

һʱ֮䣬ͨ˻ǽߣʼԮա
Ǿ仰ҺӪҺĿǽߡ
ڷϹȻЩ۵˵Ϊ˸лѵĺ⣬͸һƷ֮֮󡪡
Ժܿ죬ⳡϷԸҲݱʵеʾС
Ȼˣкܴһ˶Щͨ˼尲ŵġ
ЩϲԱ״Ҳ׷׹̬֧֣һ
Ժܿ죬֣һľ
Ϣʱ䶯ˡ
˶˷ܲѣЩͨˣΪǿΪǵĲиŬȡôĽչ
ҲǻȸԾʱ򣬼ƵͻȻ
һƵһ׷ԲԵ̱ᣬһž˵˵ҵĶƽǸͨˣʮӾУҵȺùζȹһȹμһȹҿ˵һ֮ĺþ죬ȴԼʮꡣ
ȥҲǱ˱ΪԺԹɱ̡
Ϊͬ׷һ鱦ٷʱ˷Ӽ׷ˣ鱦·ԦʦǴڻԦʦǲϵͶǶ֣ҶӺͬ±ȷһԦʦ
ºҶӺͬȫ˷ͥΪҶӺͬµʱȫǱ£ߵļһŵԦʦҧǼΪΪҶӺͬǳǹıͽŻȥǡ
ҶΪ˰ͬѡһ˳ееУΪԺд̡
ͬʱõеҲջˡ
ҶԩʮˣֻҪ뵽Ҷӵ״Ҿͺ޲øһȥ
һ
ҪҲˣ˭ԩء
ʮûһԮ֡
ѵΪֶ֣֣ڣҶӵĸֻǸͨʦ֣˵صõĻᣬҶӾͲԩѩ
ǣҶӺ𣡡
Ƶ̫̫ʹӣ˵鶼
ҪǣƵƵࡣ
ζȹһȹĹ涨һ㲻ͨһȹͨҪöȹҲô׵ģΪҵһԶͻùһζȹܹΪĳжУͷƴɱϵ˿ۼƳȳʮףԲǿ˶ȹ
ο̫̫Ķӿǻùζȹ֪ΪάİȣΪ˸Ǵһȫỷ˶١
Ӣ۵ѪΪˣȴӢ۵ĸᡣ
̫̫˵ûѵΪֶ֣֣ڣֻǸͨʦ֣˵صõĻᣬĶӾͲԩѩ𣿡
Ҳڱ֣Ůʿ̫̫Ҳ˼Ͼ֣ŮʿıҲǼΪֵͬ塭
ͬǼΪΪϵĲ̫̫ͬĶӾͻ֮ܲԩѵû𣿡
ⲻص㣬صӢۣȴԩ˼ʩȴܺߣ⹫ƽ𣡡
ⲻƽ
һɾΥķŭϮЩͨ˵ͷ
һΣûЩͨ˼֣Ǿͷ׷˽ͷһʷǰʾ˲ϯ
⣬ʮͨڹ㳡Ͼ߾šƽȡӡ
ģе˺ƺƵ˴Сͷ˸ߺţͨҲˣͨҲΪѪΪʲôķȴƽȵĶԴͨˡ
ʿ԰⣺Ժ֣ŮʿİӣôԾٵİҲ󡭡

ܿ죬ΪΨһһͨռ쵼λʮ֣յļĶʮȺ󹫿֧ⳡƽȨ˶
ҵֻˣЩֲľϵߣֱӿǾֻҪ֧޸ܷҽȸṩֲṩ۵Żݡ
ЩλȨصĽߣǾ͸ˣֱǮ߳ŵΪṩһӵĸƷʳĺҩľˡ
ҲٴϷϣܹһЩҹùһԩˡ
˲ﵽ˶塪
Щ߹ٱٿһ顣
ͨģͳ˵˵ɣҪô
Ĭ˼֮
һ԰׷ԲԵ鳤û˵˵ǾͶɡ
֪Щͨ˼һֵݵġ
Ƿҿʵ̫Ķˡ
ҪǣֵôҪиС
ϾǻҪЩͨʵʵΪṩء
˼״ʱ׷Ц˵á
͵Ǹ֣һӺˡ

ЩЩǣǵ
ǹĨǵݣҲͷˡ
ҪҲֻܹǲ֮󻹱ץ˸š
ǰһɺгӣμҲЦˡ
ȻΪոˣΪͻȻ뵽һ⡣
Щͨ˲
֣պͷҲڰ
Ͱһĺˣ
뵽˫ֱһ˿


180 
ǵڶһ, ͷһὫڵԸЩԩٴ
Ϣ, 䶯ˡ
òˣ
ǳɹˣ
, С壬ܳˣҲۼ, 궼ˣȴԼְֻû
, ڸûа취侲Ҫȥ̨ٺ𼸸Сʱ

˻ϲ, ȻҲܻ
ǸʲôԵģôѹͿסˣ
з, ǲǽ߼, ȻһȺͼͨ˵
, ЩͨѲ, ֵĲС
ǾЩͽǵļ˰ɣ
ǻ, ǻˣ
ҪͣΪֻҪһ뵽ڵµ, ҽϾܶ뷹, , 뷹
, Ҳн죡

ϵˣ˵˺Щͨ˼ˡ
úúá
үһͨ죬̲סս˫ȭ
ٿڳˣϵļ֮й֮޲
ٶ, Ӯһء
⻹ֻһʼֻҪǼȥǾһܹʵƽȵĿꡣ
û

ںһǲǿ侲
ˣ֣أôڣ
ϾҪûзգôô˳ؾʹĿġ
˵ǵĴ˶Ϊ
⸸˵֣һȥʵˡ
ҿҴææһӣһ㶼Ǹ˵ӡ
ʱѾ֪ӦϢˡ
Բ֪ΪʲôҲͻȻЩ
⸸ûа˵ˣҪ»˴ҵ¡

⻰ڳ˲Щʧԭ뵱úøлһš
ûϵлķʽкܶ࣬þһ֡
Գ¼˵Ȼٸ֣ɣ
ˣһӵϾͽ
ʮÿһ
δ磬ƼֻҪûǮܽһۡ
ȻˣĹҽ
ĹҺˡ

˵з
ˣЩ棬ΪΪʲôôڽۡ
˵ΪҵңҷǷһ壬ӵʮʲǱ˵ĺӷ㻨ǮˣǼĺϴѧԼѧѺѣͨ˶ԼĺӶûôݡ
ھȻóڳһûʲôõĵۣ
ǿ˷˵ɻһүЦǺǵؽ͵ҪΪ֣Ǹϵĵͽ
ȻҲˣղûи߷Ǹˣֻ֪һ飬ܷ˵Խհ߷ˡ
֣Ǹͽ
Ǳʶ˾õͽӦõڰˣĹ
Ȼǲ˷ͷ⺲īķܵ¡
ˣ
ȣ
⸸̲סһ
ڳķŷӦȻͽӶ
ôľˡ
ܿ죬ʮľͶһۡ
ԺҲӵܿ죬Ǿ͹֣㰸ʱ䡣
ϢԭѾеɢȶٴαǡ
˻ȸԾʱٴαһģʾС
ͷһУУ߾ֺǽֻǸƽ˼ԩٴǾ𣿡
ѵЩԩٴЩߵĴ
ڣȴΪǽֻǸ˸ͶǸж¡
ⲻ㣬
ڽߵĬ˽߸һȵʵ
ҲˣˣͨȲϽߣ
ɥʬⶾͨоͨо𣬻йԣӪҺס
ûɥʬⶾЩ߾ȫսˣĩҲһ
ûԡܹ
ԭӦúЩһŬ֮İȶڣȴϴˣǳΪǵūǵ
Ǹ𣿡
⻰·Щڶʱ߾֣Ъ˹ǲġ
һУУֺ
ҾЩԩٴƽô21꣬ȫһУΪԼǿĵܱܵɱǿ鷸
Ϊǿ鷸ǸˮϵߵԵʣʱͥдУˡ
һºУȴһɥʬС
258꣬ʮͳʷɽʷͳͼƶƽȣͷһ֣Ůʿͬͨˣȴᵯͳ֮λ
ǻ𣬾ЩԩٴƽôºЩȻǧַǣʱǲǾǣǺǡ
Ǹ𣿡
ЩֱͨӺ۾ǲġ
һУУΪʲôôΪʲôô
ΪͳǽߣͳǽߣİʮԱİʮǽߣоӣǧǧ˰ٸǽߡͨ˲ϸλ𣬲Ϊƿ;ӣһǱΪ飬ͨҪϸλ븶ʮٱŬС
Ъ˹غƾʲôͨҲĵߡ
ѵĿԼ߲ͬк𣿡
ѵҲڱʱͬΪ½ߣǵĴ޶𣿡
ѵҲϣǵĺһӶһҵĻ𣿡
ǲľȥˣҪǲҪߵūǲҪΪ˽ʩһССݾͶǸмɵӣҪƽȨҪƽȨ
һᶼҪͨһϯλͨҲҪоѡͳʸ񣬲Ǿ绹Ǿ绹̽磬ͨ˺ͽߵĽӦһ£ұȡ߸߿ʮֵŴЩдܷǾݡ
ݣ
ݣ
ݣ
·Ⱥ˻
ڲСʱʱ䣬ǵʹϣ
˵ĺãˣƾʲôЩͨ˾͸õһȣ
ͨ˵ǽߵһ򱶣ȴҪܵߵūۡ
ôˣͨڳһѪԵĺӡ
ƽȨ˶ߣ֮ͨ⡣
ֻԼϰ࣬ҪȻҲЩеһԱˡ
һᶼҪͨһϯλͨҲҪоѡͳʸ񡭡ЩдܷǾݣ
仰ھҵˣ

ƴĲʱЩͨ˼ȴˡ
ڼ۵æشӸ˻
ô£
Щ˭ŵģ
û˰ţԷġ

ǲ벩ӦõȨ
ζ룡
ûоȨҲûȨƾʲôȥ
ƾ޴ƾǲģѪǺ
ϣѾ˲ҵĽѵˡ
zǵһսսʤblͻȴҪdsdȨתrb
20ͳmиͨķܶ˸ԣķmųơɫ֡ǵʱҲԼȰ˲ΪúͬĹףҲӦкͰƽȵȨ
õصİ˷ǳۺ죬ڵĬ£˼ӷҵɱˣһ֮ڣһǧٶݱݻ٣ˣŮԱǿ飬һ˳Ϊ˺ǳġɱ1
ֱĩս٣Щ˻ûվ
ڵľЩ˺ơ
ΪˣһֱǿֶζΪºͣµľǻ̤Щ˵ĺ󳾡
ⳡʾȴǵļƻȫˡ
ٿ˵ĻһᶼҪͨһϯλͨҲҪоѡͳʸ񡭡
ߵĵ⣬ȫһ룬Ҳ룬ЩܴӦ
үӵ˵죬ȥϵⳡе֯ߣȰǰ
ȥѹ졪
ˡ
ͻȻһҰ׵˵
ʲô
뿴
36961314ʱ32֣һУѧڲμʾл֮󣬷У;У⵽ʮԦʦıϮ˺Ƭ
ºЩԦʦѳ͵ͷչһ¼Ƶ罻ƽ̨ϣԼôΪάߵϣЩͼ֪ͨðߵϻʲô³
䣡
һ󣬴¡


181 
ֱӱˣ
Щôҵɱˣôң
Щ·, ˣΪʲôﳯͣΧһų͵ʬƤЦ
, أΪʲô˿һСʱ, Щ߶ó͵ͷ˰Сʱ, Ƕûе
ǻ, ΪЩ·˶ǽߣ;Ҳǽڰѳ֣ǵȻͲóԽԽãΪͶǵĵ⡣
ˣ
23꣬ǵһУѧԭӦһ̹δ
!
˹컯֮!
Ŀ֮У
ǵ֮ƽȨ˶, ֮ͨ!
ƨ, ӲΪʲôƽȨ˶, ֮ͨ⣬ֻϣܺúõĻš
ʲô˵˼ʵ, ôͷأ
ԭǸ߸ϵĽ, ͨ˵Բˡ
Ҳ, ĳ;ôˣŬһ, ͷȴǱҵھӲڽ¡
ƾʲô, ҴС֪ҵھӲǾΪǸͨˣҵھǸ, ˶ϲ
Һʮ꣬òײſһĴѧҵھӿȴΪʮֵĸ߿ӷ֣׾ٵؿڵĴѧҪ֪ʮ߿ֲܷٷ֡
ڴѧɿ̿ŬɼԶǰ༶һȵʱȴԶھӺ档
ұҵˣھӽͬһҹ˾ʵϰǹ˾ֻһˣҵھӵ˾ҪھӣΪǽߣߣսԱԼ˰ա
ҺھӶˣÿ¿ػҪʮңʮǱҵĶҪԥСʱŸҵ㣬ҵھȴϢŴõҵĹԴܸͣȥøΡ
ԾҲ̤ϳ͵ĺ󳾣ҲҪһ䣬Ҳģ
Գ˵ûǲľȥˣҪǲҪߵūҪƽȨҪƽȨ
Ǹó;ôװˣ
һᶼҪͨһϯλͨҲҪоѡͳʸ񣬲Ǿ绹Ǿ绹̽磬ͨ˺ͽߵĽӦһ¡ЩдܷǾݡ
ɱ˳ͣкˣ
ɱ˳ͣǣ

ϣʮȫʾУ֮࣬ģ֮Զ֮ǰ֣㰸ʱ
ܿ죬ʦѧʼտΣ̵ţͣ
鳹ִˣ
ң˶æһš
үŹȣ۾Ѫ˿أΪʲôûѹȥ
˰ûУǲҪٽܲɷˡ
Щɱ˳͵Ľأǵļ˶ϴЩڵǸ
ʲôԺԸ⾡ЩŰɱ͵İӣ
үӵɤӶ˻ˣǷ𣿡
ʱֻо콫ЩȫͽƽϢߡ
ôҲû뵽鶼ˣЩ߾Ȼһ㶼š
ǰ
ǾȻһ㶼š
үͻȻһĨأȥ𣬲𣿡
ҲʱͻȻʧֳˣ
ʲô
ʶתͷ١
ٵɫѾˡ
ڸղţЩɱ˳͵ĽߵļͻȻ뷢һ΢ǶɷɱǾȻǮ׬
ŵĺȻͼ˵ǴЩڵǸ¼ͽͼ
˵ܣϵǵʱ˸ȷ޷κ¼ͽͼ֤ݣŸҸͨġ
٣ϿǸ
˵۾˲ͺˡ
ΪϺȻһĽ߼塣
ˡ
Ҫǣ鵽ѾٲˣΪˣǱˣ
ϵķ粨ﻹûء
ܿ죬֮ǰǡ򡯵Щˮ˾Ҳ׷³ų¼ͽͼ֤ݣʵͼѹȶȵʵͬʱŭȻˮǻģ֪ʲôǮգʲôǮգأΪͨ˵䣬ʱԮͣǵֿߵѹȣȴѹȶȣǰĵʲôģ
ʱըˣ
ЦɷɱǾȻǮ׬
һǱҵĺôѣ󷽰ϾⱲӶһ׬򡣡
˵Цҡҡͨ˵䣡
ӵͨ˵䣿
ǸȺߵ߹
Ͼʱˣǻæǵϴأ
Ⱥ߹
Ⱥ߹

ûһ½½Ǽµ̺͹˾ҵϢ
˶Ĭˡ
ôҲû뵽ǷѾ˼Ϊͨıȴ߹ıǩ
Ӧô죿
μȴЦˡ
Ҳ
ʶؿ࣬ҪԼڵĺ飬Ȼϵȴ͵
ΪĴӣμҵļ̳ѾˣԺ˼
뵽μɫֱӾˡ
ҪǣĶҲˣֻʣС֡
ΪҪΪͺԺ˼һҲͲкô鷢μҲͲӡ
Ҫүү̣űסԼһ鳤λãμҵļҲΪ飬ͷˡ
͵ĺҪȶԺ˼Ļࡣ
ƫƫֻʣһӣҲ˻ˣҲֻȰΪ̳ˣ̵߽
μܲӦ
һ˦ˣͽ㶢ˣҪС¶첻ãҲͲμҵˡ
˵ֱ꣬Ӿˡ
׼ȥͳ鳤ǡ
ϾϷϣѾþֶˡ
ĳ˵ϷڲŸտ˸ͷء
ͲܶסˣȻҪҼźá
μĻͲս˫ȭ
Ҳûзй
֪μ
ɵ
ϣμͻȻڰҲץʱ֪μûӷˡ
ϾɱֻΪ˵ʱߵԺ˼ͷϣǰݺݵһңμҴӡȾժ
ֻû뵽Ժ˼ȻҲԥر

Ҫʲô͸ʲô
ȥɭѰֲȥðΣա
أȴԥض˴ɱ䡣
ͲЦһ
ΪμˣȻȥμ
Ժ˼²ȥ֣οѾǸˡ
޴йĳȫ˷Һ֣ϡ
ҪóǸνҺӪҺμҺԺ˼ĺͲƲǾͲᷴĿɳҲͲӡ
뵽ֱָ
һߣҡ
õĳĬ֮ٿһվۿҧ˵鷢չһǻеѡ𣿡
ֻ֪ҪȥⱲӿ¶ϴ߹ǩˣ
ߵ죬˵̶ܴϿĶͨݡԺܶͨڹʱ򣬶ʶѡǵĲƷ
֪һı߹ǩȴǵĽʲô
Ŭһͨ˵֮֡
ȻˣǾֻܽˡ
ο˭˵ھûһ֮ˡ
ʲô
⻰˲Լֱͬ塣
ת÷ɿ졣
Щɲ١
ȴ;վȸһ̽ƴʽһƿظо߾һ
ЩʵҲ˲ٽߡϾͨõĻҲнĿܵģͱ⺲ī
һ˵ͨˣ޷ṩ̫Դõ£
Щڱǵ˾Բ֪ѾһֳַԱн
Ҫǣǻзҡ
뵽ԥߵ⸸ǰȻͨһ͹ˣϸ磬;Ⱦǰɣ


182 
⸸һ, æվҪǸʲô
ȴͻȻ׹
ˣȱľǱֲ
ҪǷ֮ǰЩԱ֣ͨ㰸鰸һһЩ߼, ǻʤİղ͸
Ҫǣڲǽ, һ·, Ϊʲôƴһѣ
ҲЩνĽǰūĹǵӡ
Ҳվ, ȻүӵĴ£ˢˢظ⸸ˣǰɣ
ֻҪԸһΣԺǾţҲᱨҵġ
һĻ⸸һ뵽ʲô, ԭų¼طȥ
һǿధĿ, ̲ס̾һ, ˵ͷðɣ
һΪҲͬǡ
Ѿεذһˣʱ´ҲѾˡ
ο, ڤڤ֮, һĻ֮ԵĲЩͨ˼, Ƿҵֱ
Ļүӵ˶ʱúúá
²˳, ǵж
үӵ۽ǵˮ, ٲ
ҸＯʽ𡣡
Ҹסصľ֡
ܼҸЩԱ;н졣

̲סս˫ȭڣһ
ǰСʱ֮ҡҡ¼ҡȴССһٶ弯巢һ, ͷүӵһһ˿װֱͦ
үӳ˵ȣҪڵǸǹ˴ҵΣΪǵȷѹƳ͵ȶȵ飬ôҲԭġ
ѻƬս1921ɱٵɼɧ¼Щһڸǣֻڽ֮ϣֻڴ֮ڡ
ûǿΪ֧ţ˵ٶĻٶĿںҲûãЩƷеӵĽҪԸǣһֻ־͹ˡ
һֱڻʵһֱͣһֱ˲
ǽ죬ͲȥˣվԸػ
ҪǣȺ岻ȫ˽ģ֮кܶƷ¸еˣԸ֧ǻƽȵȨ
Խ죬Ҫ˵ǲԸٿԼͬƷµӵĽ߲к
Ҳ뿴ǵڱʱҵͬΪ½ߣǵĴ޶ã
ǸϣǵĺҲһҵĻţ
ҪҪվ
˵˳˵ĻһᶼҪͨһϯλͨҲҪоѡͳʸ񡭡ЩдܷǾݡ
ڳĬһ˲Ȼֱӱˡ
Ųţˡ
һ仰бرмᶨֳܱľĺ
Ҫǣֻ˶ʮ壬վһٶ塭
ֻͷֺãɻأȫûҪʮǣ
ȻԼԼһֱʳĹӦ֮һһֱΪǼǹǻҼĽ߹š
Բۣμҡ

˵ģһֱŬڻʵƶƽȨ˶
ҪǵǸҲΪЩɶļһƬ֮ʣ϶ͨ˵ͽǽߵ߹
ҲҪǵǸΪҲ˴ǵĵ̵ж

Ӧùע
ǡ
ôͨ˼վˣǲζпܴӮⳡӲ̣
ôһ˵ͻȻȫѪҺˡ

û뵽ǣŸոտ˸ͷء
ܿ죬Ҿվ˳֧ⳡͨ˷ƽȨ˶
ĺ£ľϵЭҲվ˳֧ⳡƽȨ˶
ϾڷϿľϵŵӡ
ţʮҲ̬֧ⳡƽȨ˶ұʾӦͨ˹ƽȵȨôʮгƽȵĹ
ȻǵһУУղķ˹ƣǵһУѧ֮һǶ츳ȨƣǶԵһУƣԵһУᶨվڳһߣʵȫƽȡ
Ȼǵ︱ıԱڰоԺԺ
ʮҲˣϾʮһֱƽȨǰأû뵽ҺľϵЭᾹȻҲվ˳룬֮һվˣ
٣ܹɹˣ
лңлһУ
սǱʤ
ʤ


үӵѾסˡ
ǵİŵȻֹЩֵĶڰ
һ︱ıڵһֲַĽ߼壬ͨ˼ԼһֱʳĹӦ֮һͨҺԼҵ֣׾ٵؿס˵
һа˸ߵоԺһֱƿǵУߵоԺһ£Ĵһĸ߾ͨѶ߾Ͷ̱ˡ
Ҫ258ͨż٣յݷӷң޺ͨˣںòڵľѾһٶǰľˣڵľͨ˼¼ңб壬Ծû´ͱ¾ִ˿ˡ
˵Ǿľ˻Ǿľ죬ͨ˾ռݾԶڱƵ飬ǷּɵģҲΪˣô©֮㣬ҲƲʲô

Щֻǲ׺һڡ
ôҲû뵽ǾȻĿߵһ
ĿǰֻҪӺ;£ô֧ǵ£ΨһѡǺúõ̸С
סס
ǳ侲ڻǸ˵ʱ򡣡
û
үһǿԼ侲Źȵɲֹ
˵Ǿȥᣬݽ޸ܷ鰸
ã
̲סս˫ȭ
ɣֻҪʱͬ˳֮ô鰸ܹͨ
ڣѾгԱʾԸ֧ˣʮԱҲѾҡˣЩ˼ó֮ⳡû̵սƺѾʤ⡣
Ӯⳡսʤ֮ҪôҲѾˡ
Щ˵ĽʱӦòᱨǣϾôվߣһзҰæñֲǣǡ
Ӧгʱ䷢չǵġ
Ӵ߾׵зȣʮΪģȫͨΪľȵȵȵȣʱǲܹվ
֪Щͨ˼Ѿݽ޸ܷ鰸ҲӦ˽ٿͶƱ֮ٴκ䶯ˡ
ɵðã
ţƣţƣ¼ţơ
ţţţţţţţţţţţţţţţţţţţţţţţţơ
ˢɳܣֻҵ飡
ϢүүֱӾͿˣ֪ʮˣ˵ⱲӶû뵽Ȼ֮ǰͨվһ졣
仰Ҳ뵽Ǹ棬Ȼҵ۾Ҳˡ
˵ˣһڴٿ֮ǰҶҪ˯ˡ
˯ʲô˯ѾˣҹվƱ¥ţȵ¥ţҪ֤ΰµĵһˡ
⣬ҲȥһҪҾʮүүҲȥ

еУһڵˣ
¥⣬ԾٵվȺǰῴǣ
վŵʮͨڡ
ˣĸ˲ԼͬķеĹͼʮ·ڵĴӫĻǰΧڵӻǰһĿⳡֱֳ
һĻүӵ˲ӯ
ܿ죬Ͳ˲۽ǣȻһߣ
ʮ˵ע£ǰͦأ߽¥
ǲԱֻΪڹۿϯϡ
ҲʧΪԱ׷غǴкһͳμ˶һ֮ǵ͸ˡ
Ͼǽӵߣôڵĸλء
Ҳ֪ЩеһڱƵǡ
Ǿû뵽ӡ
뵽Ҫǹ˼ųϲԣٵܵЦ
Һܿ죬Ϳʼˡ
鲻ã鳤Ҳûж˵ϻֱӿżɽԱ޸ܷһ£鰸λӦöѾ˰ɣڿʼͶƱɣ
ȻԤϵⳡĽ浽һ̣үӵ˻ǲֱ塣
¥⣬ʮ·ڵĴӫĻǰССĹ˾˵඼̲סɤۡ
鳤һɫ޸ܷ֡
ܿ죬ϡﻩؾа˾ʮ˾֡
ã
һĻ˷
ΪܹİʮԱֻа˾ʮͶƱԶԶ֮һǲζʣµĳ֮˶Ͷ޳Ʊ
ǿѾӮⳡսʤˡ
뵽ۿϯϣֱ⣬˶̲סһţһߴޣһ߻
Ȼ鳤˵޳޸ܷ֣
үӵǿԼ侲
ѶҲһʱ
ܿ졭ټһ᳡ֻ˾֡
үӵϵֱӾͽסˡ
ֱ⣬ڻҲɿ˱˴ˣһɵؿǰһĻ


183 
ʱصһǰ, Ҳʵ飬ص˷ҡ
ʲôⲮѾμӴˣ
սӹܼҵݹĲˮ
ܼңǵġ
նˮһӦû
ܼңʲô
գû¡мҪæ
ܼҵ˵
룺Ҽǵ÷ºҩ, ϵһ¡ȻҸ˾ȥʮĵ۰ɡ
ǰʮĵ۾Ͷ˿ʽ, ʽӴˡ
ܼȻ׷Ϊʲôʱȥ, ˵õ, ȥš
һߣүӵҲڷӦ˹
ʶؿЩԱԱԱ֣ԱŸʲô, Ǿְ
Щǰһ뻹ĸǴкԱ, ȴпλϣһĿǡ
үҪǻЩǹⲻֵģҲͲˡ
ǰһڣҪԱߵ˼ʱסֻˤȥˡ
ֻ, ֱǰеҲˡ
Ȼ鳤ķһ, ˵ֱ, ޳3Ʊ89Ʊ, Ȩ344Ʊ, λԱ޸ܷ鰸ͨ
䣡
һ, һ, ֱӻүӵ˺ֱǰڵͷϡ
Ϊʲô
ٿһվɺ죬ЩԱѾӦ, ڻϸͶƱģ
Ҳ׷׷ӦڣĻ֪ܲǱˣء
ҪǣȻֻͶ޳Ʊ
Ҫ֪һİʮԱİʮǽߣҲͨ˵ģοԱһַġ
ڣȻֻͶ޳Ʊ
Ϊⳡ鰸ķ˵£ȻԼͶ˷Ʊ
ֱֱĿЩˣ۾˲Ҳˡ
ǿԼǸͨˣΪʲôҪǣ

㣬£ôһ¶ڵĸλԵǣԵ𣿡
˵⻰еŮҲµӡ
Щ˿ڣ鳤ֱӰеķϣȻЦ˵ʸԱΪʲôҪǣȻΪѾǧųΪͨ˵䣬неͨԱ֮һҪʲôĿģҪıϢһ鰸ͨˣͳʮͨԱ֮һЩҲƽƽͷȥⱾ˭أ

ԱȻΪ׼Ů飬ȻȢҵŮˡ
ϾǸߣڵĵȼһʮ궼⣬ŮأֻǸͨˣŲʮѾˣôԱأ
෴ҵŮͲһˣǸߣֱԱС˼ʮ꣬ƯԱͷٲ⡣
ǣǡ޳ܣ޳ܡ
үӵôҲû뵽ǱѵɾȻֻЩ
ˣ
ôأЩֲ˼ıֲ漰ǵʱ򣬶ܺԥıǵˣοЩֻǱĹأ
ȴ룬ԽǷŭЩԱ鷴Խá
鳤˵Ҳû뵽ǾȻߵһ
ʵϣθ鳤ոʱһʼû֣ϾƽʱҲźͦģʹˣϲЩˡ
⻰үӵеŭ𼸺Ϊʵʡ
ʲôǳ裬ˡ
Ҳ֪ڱǵģȻμҡ
鳤ȴûаǵķŭôҲû뵽ǱȻô
磬硭оԺҲЩͨ˵ˡ
үӵʶΪ飬еֺѾ¶˳
Ҳ˵ЩҪʰǣֱײ顣
ˣǻ˷ˡ
뵽ϵķŭϤ˾
Ȼͨһү̱λϡ
⸸ŷӦҲû뵽ӡ
ŵؿЩߣΪʲôΪʲôҪѵҿ𣿡
ӦˣֻҪһ죬ͰǺǵļҪıʳĺҩģҪ빺ֲҲṩǣṩ۵š
Ҫ֪ǺͷյĺͬЩֲɹ鷽УҲ˵Ұ۵ļ۸ǱֲһҪɣҪתȥǾ150300󣬱ϾǵĲޣֲмеĴڡ
ԶЩ߼ԣ׬
Ϊʲô
˵ȴμЦе˵ΪǣΪֲļǺ֣ǷСֺǣһǲˣͲṩֲʳô죿
Ҿ㿪ף϶ҲȲԼֲɣ
ʲô
⻰⸸ɫޱ䡣
ЩԱҲ̲סЦ
ǧڵΪǾͲ۲
ǾȻñֲǣҲ䣿
⸸֪Ǵʲôˡ
˵ʲôˡ
ΪЩԱˣ˵ͬЩ;ˡ
ֻʱ;ϵͳҲѾ»صЩ߼ˡ
Ȼʱ򣬻ҵĴͻȻ򿪣һȺžװ;ŮŮ˽ǳͳ鳤˸ȻתͷǣһλһҵϢǵ˶ѾһˣⳡϷѾˡ
⸸Ҳˡ
鳤ȴ˵֪ΪʲôƿһУȴǵȵڲų𣿡
ϾǵҪǼֱײ顣
ЦȻΪҪֱӾͰǽˣô͵ôʵһϷأ
ҪǣҲ֪ʲô۵
ԼЩ֪ͨͼǵ³
ôô˵
ֱԭھ֮еЩڣ⻰۾Ҳˡ
鳤ںֻ֪ʷʤдġ
ֻ֪ҪЩߴһ죬Щͨ˾Զֻܱǲڽŵ¡
ǾţЩͨҲκβǡ
ˣ˵Ҳ˵ˣڣҸѡҪôҪôֲļʱһ·
ϾֱɱǷǵ֣ҿܵҲʧΪһȤ
Ҹʱ俼ǣϣǲҪʧ
˵꣬鳤ͳֱӴЦ뿪ˡ
˼״Ҳ׷վһˡ
Ŷˡ
ʲôμͻȻͷ˵ʮɭֹ԰úܿģ˵ǰ̳úҡ
䣡
үӵ˵۾öγѪˡ
ͬʱֱĵĻͻȻѩһ

ɵƯ
ӱô죬ȵľڡ
Ϊǽߺ۸ǰɣ֪ʲôϻƨá
ǲһֱ˵ڶãū𣬽ǿʲôıʲôūۡ

ЩĻȻЩ߷ġ
ʱ˿̣¥⣬ʮ·ڵĴӫĻǰССĹ˾˶Ѿ˲ϷŭˣԺֻʣһ仰Ǿǣˣ
õĳĬ
أ
ʮĳ¼ֱ
ôҲû뵽ӡ
֪ġ
˵
ôˣЩж̰
жȻϣЩ߻ǶԸߡ
Ǵ
ǴһʼûѡΪ΢ֻѡ£ЩߣȻһ̤ǵȦס
˭ֻͨء
ЩֻҪָͷʰǡ
ھôֱ뿪ˣûץǵ˼
ΪЩ˾ͺͰϵ࣬ͷǵˣԸûбҪٰЩ˷ϡ
Ǻεȵİ
Ǻεȵķ̣
ɱģˣ
ƾʲôΪͨˣԻñЩŰ
үǲ
˵Щûˡ
Ӧô죿
⸸˵
ô죿
쿪ۣɱӡ
ȵȡ
ɣ
˵꣬ͻȻãȻգգ۾
ԭ̱ϵүӵ˸ֱֱ壬ȻвԼͬرһϣĹâ
֣


184 
ôͰѷոأ
үӲ壺, ȥ֣
⸸ȻǵŪͿˣǱǼеӰ쵽ˣʶش򿪹, մ˸绰ûͨ
үӼ״, ʵʺīī϶֪֣Ķ
⺲īĵ绰Ҳûдͨ
󣬷⸸ϴľŴӹܼ֪˷ڵλá
ʮۣ
Բȷ⸸Ҷϵ绰үӵ˵ĽžѾ˳ȥߣھȥʮ
طʱѾˡ
ȻүӵֱӾͱ⡣
Ϊ֪ʲôԭ, ſͻȻˣ濴ȥҲͷ, ɽ˺һ
үӵ˷˺ôĹڼȥȻǾͿպͷ⺲īվڵǰڸͷַƷ
֣
үӵ˵ۿ˲ֺˡ
ȴֱӴǵĻ, æòУǴ֡
үӵ˵Ļʱߡ
ǼæĽŲմأҲûǶ͵ӣҲֻȰĵ׵ļѹȥȻһ˶
ڷˣȻΪʲôүǻԷô, ǽΪʤϣȫ˷ϣǿҲûн͵, Ҳֻܸű졣
ſշȥʲôһĴףɫһӡŵ۱ǵ, һŵ񡪡ֻӡһλƬ֡
ؼЩϣҲŵϣǰĴϣΪϢһƼƷıףһСף۸ͲİǱҡ
ЩȻѷŵġ
ѹŶӵôࡣ
һԵĹҲʱ͵ⲻǶڿ쵽֣˵ô콨ɣλˣΪ˻رǣר׼һЩ׺СƷɷڡ
үӵˣ
ǰʲôҪϵ
ҲûϣϾǿɲЩܰʲôæ
ôҲû뵽ܿ죬Ǿͱ˳ȻԽԽͨӿ˹
а׷ԲԵˣҲʮ߰ʢ͵꣬һģǵ۾Ǻģе̲ס
ǧǻߣȴôҲ˵ˡ
ΪȻ֪үΪʲô֪ЩǲŹǵġ
ˣͨ˵ϣҲˡ
үҲ֪˵ʲôźãϾʼûдǡ
ֻܰοЩͨˣҲοԼģһжġ
Ǻܿľˡ
ΪϹԽԽ࣬˵޵ġ
ҪЩƷȻأͲס̫ˣҷնڰæַЩͨ˾еˣҪҪӲ˼Ǿ͸͵ˡ
ڵǵɫЩһͨˡ
һߣ뿪¥֮󣬾ֱȥʮ۵ϢҲڳﱸ칦ЩߵĶ
ʲôȫȥǸʲôۣ
鳤һ¡
μЩͨ˼֮ǰΪ޽Щۣǰϰٸڵ顣
ȻЦˣǸòΪɣȻЩɻǣǴǰɣ
⻰ڳҲЦͺ֣
˭뵽أȻô׵ر˳
뵽ǰ໥ӵͺ֣Ʊ໥ңһ
鳤Щͨǭ¿ˣҪȻҲƵ鶼ó
ϾҪɣ˲֪ٻˡ
Ǹûаϡ
ˣϾ͸˵ˣЩͳˡ
үȴѾ˲ЩˣΪŰæƷҲۻˡ
ֻ˷⺲ī
Ͼһ⣬ͱպűèſ˯ȥˡ
˯˻ᶶȵ֡
ͺһԵķ⸸ǲһ
˵ֹͷƷʮͶʮ֮е۶ѷƷ֮үӵ̲סȥ룬ǰѷҵֺҩȫͿ˰ɡ
Ͼ죬ǴͳȥƷѾ¶ʮˡ
ҺܶʱջһЩҸͣЩǧϹͨˡ
ⲻҪģҪǣѾǵˣЩֻĿʱ䡣
үӵ̲סˣ֣
ŷĶҲʱˡ
⻰үӵ˵۾Īһ
֣Ȼ˰ǵķˡ
Ƕʱס˺̲סȥ뷽ջôǡ
ֱ¶ԼݣѹЩߡֱӳЩɶĽߡ
֪һ룬˵ӦҲѵˣϣû˭ȫɿģ˭翿Լ
ʲô
үӵͷһ
Ϊǲˣǿɾˡ
ܰǵĲࡣ
˵ţֱùһҷŽүӵ
ǡ
үʶĿеҡ
ǵãиǽܹ˵Щװ衣
ʲôã
һ˵ʵװܹǽĽҩ
䣡
үӵֱӾͱյ仰ˣ̧ͷŵؿ
ֱյ˵ͷƵûǽҩ
үһģˤȥ
һŷӦ֣ӯ⡢ѾĶˣ


185 
ʱ, ǼƵھٰһʢ칦ᡣ
ƺ, ｻò֡
鳤ܲϾոտһϷֲļ۱ҲС
Ʊ, μ˵θ鳤, ұ뾴һ, Ҫ⣬ǻûа취ô׵ľͰֲļӷ
ϾҲǺʵĽ߼壬Ҫû飬ԭ治öԷ֡
, ҪǶ鳤ͳĵԼλϡ
ֻô˵μϵЦȴһֱûжϹ
Ϊһ, ˳⵹˷Һ֣, ֮ǰһ֮
Ϊһģ鳤ͳҲŵֲļ֮󣬻һʲСĹɷݡ
ҪǣΪ飬Щ߼ҲջС, Զ֮ǰμƹǵ, Ǵ඼ˡ
Ҳ˵, ӽ쿪ʼμڲټβˡ
뵽μһڶ
ҲʱһԵͻȻЦ˵ǲҷʲô
뿴˹ȥ
£ȺһﾹȻϷһ˵, һСʱ֮ٿһʱŷᣬǸ
Ŷ
˶ʱҲЦ
鳤Щһûʲôͦġ
ʱˣȻȥʲôǸᡣ
ⲻ֪ûȥʲôһر𻬻顣
˶ʱҲ£Ҳûʲô飬һ𿴿
Ҳá
ǵҪЩϻܳʲôϷ
⻰±˾ƵľȻǵҪ
Ժܿ죬ϯ̨ϿվͶһͶӰǡ
ֱûʼֱѾֳһˡ
Ƥж񣬶ʱ˻ҳۡ
ô˵أȻҲͬǣ붯ҵĵ⣬Ǿǲˡ
ˣ˵⽨һ׶ˣҪ˵ǸνĵǷΪʤ±Ͷ̥ǾͲõǵĺҲһҡ

˵Ҳ֪ˢ˶ǽߡ
̲ס˵ˣҲ֪үǲϹۣȻͶ˽ߡ
ΪֻүѣǿɱԼˡ

Щ߼״ˢٶȶʱ͸ˡ
ǼˣǼˣ
Ǿϲǿǲˬκβǵӡ
ǰǲǣү˵үҲվߵģΪʲôͲ֪أҪһںˣ¶˰ɣ˰ɣ

Щֱǰڵ۾ʱֺˡ
Ҳ֪ʵ͸Щ˵һ̡
ԽŭЩ߷Խ˷ܡ
ֻҧĵ׵ķߺȫ˻ȥ
ҲʱֱͻȻˡ
ĻٶЩҲԼͬطеľƱȤؿϯ̨ڵķ
ֻүֱӴŷ⸸˳Ȼλ
ǵӣЩߵָָ㿪ˣӴ룬̬ͦȻרȥȾͷ
ױĸױʦģĻ治ƶˡ

˵үӣһأֱԣΪ˾֮ǰһϵ飬һ
ȣҪлͳ鳤θ鳤ԱлûڵһʱץǣͷǰĻᡣ
⻰ЩߣֱǰĹҲסˡ
ôҲû뵽Щͨ˲ûʹǣлˡ
ֱЩȷӦǲΪʱǾͻŹ˰ɣ
ĻƮЩЩ߶ʱЦ
鳤Ǹ˵ãôʶȤķϣʱЩһ
ЩͨѾˣںһǲŷӦ
ʲôǾΪأ
ȻŭֻΪѾˡ
ҪȻأô죬ƴһ𣬲ԣǺƴ𣿱ˣļϵĽ߾Ѿܹǹڲˣϵߣͨһţһǧϵߡ
οǻôЩء
ɣѾûϣˣ

ֱүӼЦ˵ΣҪ˼ԼΪһսУһͿء
ʱЩͨȻû˵ˣֱ˳ֱ䡣
ֻʣЩǶҫ
ʲôһͿأѼֱȥллҪȻһΪʱǻԼء
ɽϵ񶼿챻ˡ

ֻЦ֮ЩҲЩɺˡ
ϾԭΪЩ϶йأھȻֱӾǷˡ
װ˲Ȥ
뵽鳤˰֣ˣصɣûʲôÿġ
õġ
һԵľЦ˵
֪һ룬ͼֱүͻȻЦˣ֮˵ǼһͿأΪȻˣ֣֣û䣬ΪǴ˽ҩ
ʲô
鳤͵תͷϯ̨
ֱĹҲˡ
ţүûǽҩܹͨ˽ҩ
䣡
֪ʶеľƱĶֱ䣺ܣ
ֱЩ߷Ӧҩ
ʲôЦ
үӵ˵ǣǵһ˽ҩˡ
˵ֱ꣬ӻ˻֣žʮҽʦż̨˳
ֻһۣڳ˾ϳЩ
ʼǣ
ֻүӵֱɽЩ
Ҳ֪Ҫʲô
һڽߵ˲ᵽɤۡ
ٵģһǼٵġ
зӦġ
Ȼһ룬үɽȥ̨ʼϵĵƾͱ˻ɫ
ζţϵˡ
Ȼɽȥ̨ʼϵĵƾͱ˰ɫζԦʦ
Ȼǳ¼Լ
һĻЩϽסĵ⳹һɨգֻʣ¾̡
ǽ˻ȫ֮ǰУܣܡ
ĲֻǣֱЩߣٵģһǼٵġ
ЩڷӦͨҲѾˣ
ү֮ͷˣϵҲûˣΪȾͷױΪǽˣԱˣ
ңһĻģҲΣ
ǲµһʼүӼ˵һжģǲΣʵҩڰʮµͨˣΪýҩĹ̺ʹ࣬Ϊԭֲܻס
ͨڷýҩʮ֮50ĿֱӽΪߣʣ50ĿܻɥʬȫõģΪ֣ɥʬⶾֻҪһʱעɥʬⶾָܻͬʱΪԦʦ
䣡
һЩ߶ԣ
ΪʲôܹʼձǸ߸ϵĵλΪǽߣʵǿһͨ˾͸һֻһ
һЩͨȫ˽ߣеƶڣƾǰΪЩͨһŹǡ
뵽鳤ǰһڡ
ʲô˵ϵȫץ
ֻҪЩҩûɢȥͻصء
ˣʱҲżû
֪һ룬ү˵λȡҩĿǰҡҡ¼µҩץʱЩҩĿǰղѾﵽһǧ飬ûй¼񶼿ƾǰʮʮȡҩ
ҲżǰѾͨ·һҩ
û֮ǰͳЩƷеңлɫװǽҩɫװɥʬⶾ
ۣ
Ʒ
鳤֮ǰүͻȻܵݷ顣
ʱǻΪүͶ·Բ뵽Ƶķ
ǸͲƣĿǰЩҩŵͨС
Ѿųȥ˶ٽҩ
ǧ
Ҫ֪ЩҲŲʮ˶ѡ
Ҳ˵ڳҲѾˡ
뵽鳤˵۾˲ͺˡ
ƫƫүӻϽͣҲΪʲôҸղŻ˵ȣҪлͳ鳤θ鳤ԱлûڵһʱץǣͷǰĻᡯҪԭ򡣡
ֱҲͳͨ˻ֵĺ
ţţţţţţţţƣ
ѹ֮ǰĵɷŸ׵ʱΨʮͶʮĵû
ʲôǷ·תʲôˣ
۸ڶǿͨˣں˰ɡ
Ȼڻ࣬˳ϲҲ

ȵȣǾȻ﷢ĻѾõҩˣǿȥ԰
ŷӦ
ֱ⣬ʮһ¥һŮӵеĹԣ˲ϴЬֱӳ˳ȥȻһץסݽŵ裬Ǽҵһأ
գգۣңѾѽ
ʲô
Ůһڣ㵱ʹȥ
Ъ˹ôҪĶôأ
Ůˣ
ЦˣôأҰѶûʱ˭һһʲôͷˣЩ⽨ţңζôŨɱʲô㾫ģ
Ůˣ
ʣʾӵʱˮ
ϾҲ֪ǱҰĻƼƷ׶ͣô᲻ǵϡ
ҪĲ¡
ֻ˵Ķȥˣ
Ůˣ¥µ
Ů˵ɱ˳ȥ
Ůˣʲôˣ
æ׷ȥ
ȻͿŮڷ䣬˶ȥˡ
ǰæŮˣ
ŮҪ
ţյϴŮ˳ȥϴֱ֮ӵŮϡ
⻹û꣬Ϊץһʲô򿪴֮ͷͰĶ
Ůˣ
ͬʱһ·ˣ
ʶ˵ҵǸʲôԵģСȻһӣ
֪Ե˺϶е⡣
һͻȻ˵Сô죿
ŷӦΪĿŮ˺Ůͬ˯ϣһ㶣˵Ů
Ůˣ
ԥع˷ţնǡ
һģһĳССĽ
һʱ֮䣬֪ʧȥԭֿǵĸĸס
Щˡ
ֱʮֱ֮ͻȻƮһĻ
ллǰЩףıɽˣ


186 
ллǰЩף, ıɽˣ
Ļĳ֣ƵĵĻǾһ˳
ллǰЩףıɽˣ
ллǰЩף, һ˶ɽˣ

, ллǰЩף, ҽԦʦˣ

, Щߵ۾ʱ͸ˣ
뵽, Щͨ˿ɲ͸˷𡪡
ɱģ̫ˣϲ
, ͸ȥԺԾĶᣬ
Ц, Ц, ǰԼǽߣŵĲ𣿡
ٶ, ͨ˵ѪŽʳʱ, ϶û뵽Լнɣ
ԾٵǼ, ǵ, ӳ˽ߣһŹǣ
ϣϷõСӣҲҵš

, Щֻ춼ˡ
Ͼʮ, ڴ֮ǰߵֻռ˿֮һȫͨ, һЩͨȫɽߣǾһһĭҲܰǸˡ
ҲʱͻȻ˵ȵȣûмǴĻոսĽߣȼǳɡ

ֱĵĻ˲ˡ
ĽŷӦ
ûոսĽߣȼǳһǣҲͱͨ΢һ㡣
үЦˣֳߣһȭܴһٸȻֻǸߡ
ǵڸʲôԼϽ棿
Źǣǲ£ڻ᲻Źǣ
ɱʮڸѣɱʮ滹𣿡
ˣ
ֱǰЩͨڵ˲Ͱˡ

Щϵľ˲һɨա
ǰôͰôҪء
뵽ո˾ƱĽߣܺõسװ¿ڴķ˹Ĳ֡
鳤ǵԸȥϵذȫһ
ҪĺֻܹȺ̫ʶʱˡ
ֳӣҲòϣСЩˡ
ΪԷһֱӽȺȫȽϺá
ǲҲ˵𣬷ڻࡣ
ҪǲֱӰǽˣǰװ׹ǵѡ
Ҫ֪ΪǵѣŴʹնݳ⣬ֻǻ
뵽Щ߾ִЦ
ֻЦЦţûģĵͻȻһŨҵĲ
ʵ֮ǰļηתǵӰ̫ˡ
ϾַӦ˹
鶼ˣЩһﻹô
ԾɣҲȲˡ
֪ǸЦһ룬ү˵ûмǴոսĽߣȼֻǳ
ͬʱʮҽ̨µ
ͨ˿ϲЩЩȴǵһ۾ϳЩ
ȼǡ
˼ǼߵȼĻ
еĽĪǺһ͡
ΪҲ֪үǰѵȼ̧Ϊʲô
ѵ˵ǸոսѾͻƵ߼ˣ
ôܣ
һ룬үӵŵĵȼϵ־Ͷ壬ЩԦʦŵĵȼϵ򶼱ߡ
Ļһˡ
үӶЦշˣл֣ΪƳ˽ҩɥʬⶾΪƳǱҩ
νǱҩ˼壬ܹǱҩ԰ոսߺԦʦֱӽΪ弶ߺ߼Ԧʦ
ŷӦ
ţĻըˡ



֣գԶ񣡣
Զ񣡣
ֱүӼ˵Ҳһȱ㣬ǾǷǱҩ֮󣬽ߵĵȼԶͣ弶߼ҲûнĿܡ
˻㱵ʲôȱ㣬ڶٽ߿һӶͻƲ弶
ޣЩû취ͻΪǲŬܹ׵෴۰ǵȻϻѶ˼ȼȻҲϲȥˡ
ȵȣˣ֮ǰѷŵһģʣµǸװѵǱҩ
үӣû
ã
ǣû뵽ɣǻǱҩ

ȵȡصصүڶ弶ߣҲ˵֪Ǳҩ֮ⱲӾû취ͻˣǻȻȻسˡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊ˺Щ鿹ףΪͨ˽ײ棬Ϊɺƽȣ֣ͨ
ǻʲôԥأ
Щˣ׬Ŀͨ˽ײԼǵĹδ
һᶼҪͨһϯλͨҲҪоѡͳʸ񣬲Ǿ绹Ǿ绹̽磬ͨ˺ͽߵĽӦһ£ұȡ߸߿ʮֵŴЩдܷǾݡ
һʱ֮䣬˸ߺЩԥĳǿǱҩ

үȴ˵ͨˣǸµĽߣǵЩɵĽߵǰûѡԼһʱռƣҲֻѡЩɵĽ̸Уڣ֣ѾѡȨ
Խ죬ҪĲӦֻһϯλѡͳʸ񡭡Ҫһµһͨ˵һɺƽȵһΪᱳֵ֮
ã
һʱ֮䣬ֱǰ˵Ѫкӵϵÿһ
ү˵ûռݾƵǣҪЩɵĽ߶ǺҲˣƫƫеľ˶ǴдΪʲôҪǡ
˵ˣЩɵĽ߷һϯλҲɲƽΪֻİʮϯλ൱һǧܳһԱЩɵĽȴֻռ֮һǷһϯλǶġ
Ʒ
Ʒ

үӵ˵ڣҪҵİ
ֻܷԸˡ
Ǿ
үӣҪľŽȥʮͶʮ֮µĽ߾ͨ۹·ĸȺǣԺϵǣǷѲֵԷֹĳЩɵĽ߹ǽᡣ
á
ȥ
˵ֱ꣬ĹۿֱӾ½ʮ֮һ
үӼŵͨʱشڼУĴԱ⵽ЩɵĽߵıϮ

Լڳľеͨ˹ԱеͨʿͬͨˣƽʱڹʱҲܵЩɵĽߵѹȣԴʱ˿̣ӦվͬһսϵսѣҿǵжǴӮⳡӲ̡
ã
ͨ˾͸Ʒ˵Ȩ
ܹЩˣӰൽҹڻǸԱȺд10д11bugͶ˿ƳƳ
үӣʮһģֻҪǹҸǿš

һʱ֮䣬ĻһƬ֮
үӶʱЦˡ
ʲôתͷڵķֻ˵鳤ǵѡǰ㡣
ѡ־أѡƴأ
ʱ˿̣
ŷֵԱֱӽԭأеķҲ漴Ʈ䵽˵ϡ
ƴ
ôƴ
ʮ׾ʮڸ弶ߺ߼ԦʦֻҪ弶ߣ
Ϊ֮аٷ֮ʮŵ˿ɶû弶ء
ƺֻһ·ˡ
ǾͶ
뵽ǵɫ˲òҰ


187 
ζǵȨ, ǵĵλΪˮ
ΪЩͨǾԲܷŹǵġ
ҪǣЩǷϻΪǵߡ
鳤ܽĽĿѣ, ǾͶ
һԵ¸һҰ, Ϊ֮ǰ޸ܷ鰸ͨ˵֮, ύ, ȴЩͨ, ڴϣȻҪɫ˥, ӭȢ鳤ƯŮ顣
Ҳ죬ոձӺ˻顣
ӣŮ, үӵĴŮ
֪, ǽ
ҲͶ
Ҳʱ뵽ʲô, ǰһ˵, ֮ǰץǺܶ𣿡
û, Щھڵء
Ҳ顣
£Ȼ, ΪʲôЩ룬вǷŹǡ
֣˵ˣȫٱǰѡʮǣȻǴеĽ߶ȥ
ʮ滷, ѹ
⻰, 鳤˵۾˲ˣ˲׷֣һССУȻҲǵĻ顣
úúá
һܱ֤Ƕȫ˻ܱסǵĵλˡ
뵽ʲô, μ˵죬õ֣סǣЩͨǰǽˡ
Ͼ֮ǰûϣΪЩͨѾŲǵˣȻҲûаŶ˿ǡ
û
ͳˣæ˾Ȼڣڲ鿴Եĵ˾̧ͷ˵Ѿˣ
ڸղţ¼˴;ͻϮ˵Щͨ˳ʿ͵תǹڰǰѵн߶Χˡ
ڣЩѾǾȳˣҲѾձˣڸͨʿŽҩ

ǿǳһ˴εľӰ
Ҳ˵ʮ֮Щͨ˾ܶһĽ߾ӡ
⻹ҪģҪǣǵûˡ
Ҳζĳ·ûˡ
ҲǣϾ뵽飬Щͨô벻أ
뵽鳤ǰĪһڡ
⻹ֻһʼ
Сʱ֮󣬵İӷֳ·һ·ڶһ·ѵľΧˡ
Сʱ󣬵ڶݡ
ֹ˰СʱľҲͶˡ
ͬһʱ䣬ڶʤһ漴
ܿ죬ʮʮһ߸ֳ֧

ΪֹƺѾˣ
Ժܿͳ鳤ЩͨˡǡǴٶ˹Χˡ
ڳĽߵɫһס
ôҲû뵽ӡ
˵ЩѾûʲôˡ
ϰԵؿ鳤ڸô죿
鳤Ȼ̱ϣ˵ô졭
˶Ѿſˡ
˵ǸӺЩһƴһ
鳤̧ͷЩߡ
鳤Ŀ⣬Щϵ齩Ӳһ˲ȻԼͬ뿪Ŀ⡣
оͰͺ֣
ǵֱͦˣǻߣȴôҲ˵ˡ
Իʲô˵أ
鳤ЦűۣǾֻͶˡ
ǰߴϢүӵ̲סһ
ϾȻƺƴշǵĵȼҲǸӲˣЩɵĽǧ弶ϵĽߡ
۵Щһʮٸ⡣
ǵȻҲѹǣζǽص
ǾԸ⿴ġ
ЩɵĽѡͶֱٺò顣
Ȼүӵ˾̲סս˫ȭ
ɹˣǾȻĳɹˣ
ߣ
ʵϣǰû뵽һӮⳡսһֱڳĿܶ
⣬ȫǷյĹ͡
뵽үӵ˵죬ȥϢ֣
һԵĳ¼ҲЦŲڡ

ϢѾһȻˣ
첻ĵ˯һôһ͡أ
ȻͦõĹǺЦѽ֪𣬺ܾҪˣζѾòˡͻȻˡ
ͬеںѱͷʹޣ
ͷʹ+1

ȻˣֻڷӦֱ֮Ц

˵ڴ֮ǰѾ׼𣬽Щ˾ȻôͶˡ
֪ô𣿡
֮ǰҲЩɵĽ߻ƴȫΪ˱ڣⲻҪרѡ;ȥΪ˶ûսľ顣
ӺϵͳһҲ͸ԴͨסͨӪȫסͳһС̳ţƺţÿ컹רŰæɨ
ǲôţȻǾͱڱһ˹
ˣ
ǣ֮ǰǺôǽߣƢ󣬹ӦҲСɣһǱ߲ˣЩ߾ֱͶˡ
Ƕ֪˰ɣǵһЩ϶ֱѹȥģһɾ͸жûС
Щ͸˵ˣү֮ǰǿܻṷǽᣬ¶ĸû
Ͼ˼Ǹ߸ϵĽߣϽˣôƴأ

Щ֮ǰֱĽأǵʱǺ𣬼˰
ԼЩ˵һŹǵļһأڿɾ͵鷳ҵأ
ӰɣҪȻӷֲÿˣ

ǿ޳һźЦһţϢӶ
ͱץˣ
̲סߺ
ã
뵽֮ǰˣת£Ǿһ
ΪҪ֣һػ֪Ҫء
ֱŪ
û
룬Ǻû취ŪΪΪϸ˵ûдɡ
٣
ըô¶Ǿһ취ûУ
еòײŴ˵滺͸һôĻϢ
۵һ
ٺٺ٣ѽһû˵أ
Ȼûа취ʰѾַ޽һݣⳡսʤ˵ʱ򻹻Ὠһ͵Ĺ۵λãݽǻѶڿŵŶ

Ĺû޸͵ĹȽˣ
۹˭ʶԺߵĶᱻżָָ㡣
ˣ
е˻ţƻԼء
ֿˣ
ps.һһҪһζϾ䵳Ĺԡ
ǸµԱΪ˱סԼٻæ˺ǰ鳤ŮĻ£ȻȥɧǰޣҲҵĹ̡
ֱӱҵĹͱʮߵѪߣ󱻾˸һȻ˽լѰ϶̾ˡ
ʮߵһϲҹ̣ô˼˹¼
òһǰԱͱʮߵҲˣΪ鱳֮֡

ʱǩĵһļΪ֣ŮʿԾٵ˷
ã
ڵȵһˡ

Ϊǰ϶İӣԸûзʲô򣬵ڶ죬֣ͱųˡ
ȥſڽˣ֣ӼЦ˵Сá
֣ȴȻûдһıлع
̧ͷ˿ͷϵ⣬ֵͷ˿գţֻһ䣺һˣ


188 
֣л㱣һˣ
Ϊճµʱ, վаο˵ſģֻȥһ
ոհѲκ, ŰѼϢס, ͳˡ
⻰ЦЦ
뵽ʲô࿪, ˵С, Ҹһ, ҵİˣ⺲ī
ˣ
֣⺲īĶ˲ͬʱ, غˡ
ϲ, ܱ򶨵˵С, ã
֣㣺
Ȼڼ˸˷յķṦΰ, ԼͷСү֣֮, ȼ˵ʱ黹Щӡ۾̲סˡ
û취⺲īĳúãٿ㣬ں۾·ᷢ⣬һ, ֣ͲغֻǼ򵥵شһװͰ׳£֣ȴ¶͸һӰ
࣬Ů˵, ۸Ǻܳ顣
֣˲ͰԺйڷ⺲ī֣׵ԺȻӿڴͳһ˷⺲īúúãţСõһ񡣡
⺲ī۾˲͸ˣллСá
ô˵ӣ֣ʱҲˣֱס˷⺲ī֣С˵˵ôʶģôߵһģ
⺲īȻܾ֣⣬˵Ŀˡ
ѷռһԡ
ճʵʵظǵ˾ԱԱȵ֮⣬ô졣
Թ緹֣Ĵ˹䣬ȵ֣ͻס֮Ѿǰʱˡ
սϿ϶Ҫ֣ģϾճܲһڼҡ
ǰѷ⺲īͻ˷ҡ
⺲īһ·Ͼûѹȥ˵ط̲ס˴һȰһ·촽˸
Ȼذȶ˵§ʵôˣ
š
⺲īòײűȥĴ˲
֣֣Ψһˣ֣ոĸţ˵֣֣һָģ֣ݣ˭ܶҡĵλ
뵽⺲ī͵͵ֱ׳һѷյ㣬ôҡ
ʣʾǷսôЩĻˡЩ߼ֿʼˣϾʱҪϷգǲӹһ٣˵һɳ졣
Ҳ֪նأձԵòҪҪģǸûвĿܡ
ǾͰȫ֣ϣǾ÷⺲īӼ߰ߣֺ֣ҹֶͷ֣йһΣ֣֮󣬿϶֮飬ʱǾͿ˳֣İ߿⺲ī߷ˡ
֪Դӷ̳֮ˢ̳ķ⺲īڿЩ֮ж
˽췢Щ顣
գ
ʲô֪ŰԼò԰θ˻ϲأ
̲ס׷⺲īĴǡ
Ҫǹ˼֣㣬ѷ⺲īһ١
ϾҹɫѾˣҲ㹻Ρ
ʶشһܣȻͻȻͽסˡ
ΪǽǴһѹӵĳȻһͰл
ܵϼΪʵʵԹķգ
ô£
ʶתͷ⺲īѽ
ְ콣ߵġ
⺲īŶѽǰҼҵģǰʱ䣬֪ĸС͵ˡ
˵ţһѷյ
Сգ
гֵɻڱ콣ָĳ𣬲в
⺲īⲻȥμһ𣬽ͰĻˣ
콣
ǰ˼ǧĻģְлȻлֲŽġ
Ҫ˵ⲻⱨ˭أ
֪ʱֻǿЩõĹŽЩز˵֮ĽòУͽԼҲ뿴ԼΡͱһץסˣһۣҿڷյϣͶˣ䵽˷⺲īҲˣۻֻЩõĹŽʮ֮һ
콣㻹Ÿʲôҵˣֻܾˡ
⺲īĿתؿŵķգ
ô죿
νΪֵ߲嵶ΪŲֵ
οΪ֣㣬ֻ⺲īؿշѾˡ
׷⺲īĴǣϲͺã
콣
콣
콣
콣۵һֿ˳
У
콣첻Ӧйʱ򣬷⸸үǱȴæòС
ҪﱸҪϣҪͷѾ̸УЩɵĽҪһһС
ܷ֮ǺܹģֻҪ޸ĵһЩʱͿֱùˡ֣˵İݵıⲿܷ
ȵﱸϣѾǰ֮ˡ
쵼ȷ֮ĵһ飬ǼҰݷ÷ա
ΪվǣΪеľ˶֪յݵġ
Ͼ齨쵼ӵĳԱ˷⸸֮⣬Щͨ˼ˡ
ҳͳ
յݲһ١
˼״˫ǰ죬ϹϾؽӹǱ衣
үһɫǵġ
յ˰֣ˣҶЩ߰鲻ȤŪˡ
ҪǣүЩ˺ܷģϾǽȨµܺߣԸᶨٲڵ̤֮Щߵĺ󳾡
οǻ
ͳ߰飿
žǷ߾˰ɣ
⸸̲ס롣
ΪЩ춼æ飬ûüȥʷգΪʲôүǻô
ȻԤϵ˷տܲӦ浽ʱүӵ˻̲סЩʧ
ϾΪⳡʤĹʸʶͳ֮λģҷտ˰
˵ʵûдⳡлع
Ͼڴ֮ǰǿɴӲӮⳡսʤ򵥵ķʽ
ǰҲûйҵľ顪Ͼڴ֮ǰ߼ԱλͱЩ¢ˡ
Ҳ͵ЩûףԼһ롣
ռֱٺʲˡ
ҪǣҪǷһͳ飬ص칬˵˶һ
үӵҲֻ˵ðɡ
ȻǡǾûİ취ˡ
ϣѾѡΪһͳү¥ǰʮڵ棬棺ڽʽˡȨ裬ܵڵļලȨ裬ʥַ
գ
ڣ
ǰĻǶǺһǼ˼
ⲻĳ
֪ģΪҴֳأ


189 
ֱӾըˡ

ô£
ⶼʲô, Ȩڣ
ˣô˲أ

Ҳʱˮ³ˡ
ҪΪ֣֣ǵҵͽ, ҵҲǽŵ۵ĵطŵǰҩַȥġ
ڣ
ĳ˵ӵнɺƽȫ֣, Ǹͽ£˵ڵȨ, Ҳûʲôë
֣ǿҪģҲȷ̫÷ԣϾҪ֣Ҳûн, ûǽ
Ȼ, һǾǲе̫Ϸˡ
û˭֪ϸûʲô, νİɡʥʲôĶǹ˶׫ġ
ҽֻΪ֣ĸϲ, ͰЩдׯϵܷ, emmmm
ˮͼͣôϷ, ϾЩҲǵķĻŲ
ڣȻǷĻŲ, ǾӦڷĻŲ¼ϴţΪʲôҪܷܵأ
¥û
ĵһֳһôЦ, ֪Ժ˻ôЦأ
ˮ
ֻʹɱˡ
ܷ涨, Ϊ, ż, ֣ż졣
ڣ
ˮֱ׳һݣܷĹ涨ڼռʱ򣬸ءء˾κνڵݲࡣ
һڼվȱݲһڣ
ʶȥʱ, ˣһ֣塭
Ҳ˵ø˫գȻֱӱ죬ֱӱ졭
ǸղֻǺȴˣԲҪ˵Ļлл
лҰСʱһǧһӢдá
𣬴ӽ쿪ʼǵ̵ˣǵ̵Ļꡣ

ˮسˡ
գ
ôʵ
ǲµһҲʱһĻƮû˾ô΢
գ
аɣ
Ҳʹᶨ˽͵ּе׵ľġ
ϾҪ֪֮󣬶үôɣ¾Ҫˡ
ֻЩڣ⸸˺ЩȻûôúŪˡ
˵ӵнɺƽȫ֣ոġ
ǲɵ顣
үӵȴ˵ӵнɺƽȫġ
ǲ˵ѻ
ζʲôѾԶ
⻰֮󣬲֪ٽߵۣڴ޴
ôҲû뵽Щ֮ͨӮǣ̵֮߳ԱǡûзϹ
Ȼ󣬴ˣҲпηڷգЩ߾ͳʵˡ
Ȼ󣬸ץץóҵĳңЩߵȨҲڵһʱϳˡºЩ߶ԼĽ֡
ͬԤϵЩûǸɾģĸǲ
һ׼ִеֱӾͳ֮ǰܺ͡
ٹ˾һʱ俪֮ǰΪ˼˰յĽԱ͹㡣
ǰ鳤һɸ߼֣߰ȴסԼ
ҲǵĬˡͶŹһ
Ͼ˵Ҫֻ˵а˰һǧ
ҲֻǷŹһ
ǵȨƸλȫûˡ
ϰ˸ʮȣȴֱΪҪǸûзͷϡҲ֪ڻȶּ̬ܱ졣
үӵʵҲǺǵģϾеʱ򣬻ſɱʹˡ
о֣˺μˣһֱҪա
֣Ȼմƣø˳Ϸգŷյͷɽ֪жǣʵǲòǸ߹ͷ­
˭뵽أĸǰ֣һǸ߸ϵ¹壬չֶУȻ˲ٵ鷳ǻЩôϣĸº󣬶Էҡһ䣬ĵߣȴ˽
μȻвʣϾȻûֱӶμ֣μ䵽³˵Ǿȡ˳Ϊա
գӮһΣڿͷϡ
ֻϧǣֱ֣ԪţμˣնûдӦǡ
׼ȷ˵Ͱ׵Ժˡ
⣬μ˵˵衣
ɵĽ߽ײǣǵıȫҵɵӰ켸ԺԲƣǸҵġӢʿ
Ϊ⣬ٹ˾ǰΪ˼˰ƸЩʵõĽ߿ˡ
ͬʱڷӷõķֺȫȥľ֮󡪡Ͼ⼸׬ļٸѾ㹻ˣҷ⺲īҲӪżսĹ˾㹻Եˣ÷յ֮ͬԽֲļĺľϵЭᣬ֯
ϾѾתʹˣҪ¢ϲѪҺıֲгǾеˡ
Ͻ˶ǽߣľϵߵȻҲŷ˰ٱֹǵͬЭ֮£ֲĲܿ˼ٱ̶̲ʱ䣬ֲʽ߽ǧ򻧡
ЩѹЩֲıֲμҸ֮ǾͶˣ۸͵ĿΪ˶֪飬δӿ֪жѹ
ôֲͬµ˲ٵĳӪҺҵԼӪҺҵҵȵȣΪˣ·үӵ˲֪˶·ץ˶ͷһȶơ
֮˵ͬЭ֮£ȶչĵ·
ͨ˵Ϊ֮󣬳ǿ׳˲٣ҲӳˣٳѳԵӪҺԵȻʳ֮⣬ʵͨ˵ʱûжĲΪ˽֮ߵҲǽˡ
Ƕ˵ȫĺôǺԵģΪסУ԰ֵϵì¼ұһҹ֮˺ܶࡣ
Ͼ˭ܱ֤鷳Ķĵȼ߹㣬ʱ˭˭һأҶԷеķĹ涨Ƶ˾ǱˣߺͼΪ˲øΣƵ˵ļҪʧѺ󹤷ѡ
Ͼڵļ͸ȫˣҼ¼ıʱ䳬һ꣬ʲôʱʲôطʲô飬ֱӵȡǼأٷ֮ʮİӣһܲ鵽ࡣ
С˵ȫͲʲôˡ
ΪǺͬĺ˲ֶһʱȵĿȻΪ˲ϣٺͺҪһϰ࡭
̫ϲּ
ҲΪҩ飬һӡ󣬼һͿʼƳ̣ЩִཨģԺܿ죬۵ʢ
ȻһԵΪĵȦγˡ
ΪЩǰͨ˼ڳｨЩ۵ʱ򣬴඼һЩأǱΧƵ۹滮һ̻פ
űֲ߽ǧ򻧣ڼźЩֲﻹﻹȥҰԺְ̻ˣĽ̡
ȻЩ̾ͳЩǰͨ˼ҪԴ֮һڶ̶̲ʱ䣬ǾͰѽۻȥǮ׬˻
⣬žĲˡ
ҲΪˣЩǰͨ˼ԷԽˡ
ֱʮԽٲʢպͷ⺲īҲˡ
Ȼֻص
ֵжС٣Ҳ֣յ
ȻѵһǣжСһʣ֣
˵껳ɷյݵֻһСˣôôŸСϢĴ鼸Ѿ˹ܣڷյѾ˵һδ֮ա
оЦ֣𣿡
ҥҥб´ҥб±ҥ

׽ģһұǶʲôɹģ֣ҥԭֻǸĶԦʦͻȻóֲļͽҩЩĶ벻˶ѡ
ʮˣһл׵һ𣿡

ϵۣԱߵοǵģСԽϣղҡҡͷ
תͷһһǺ«ķ⺲īȻˣǲԸˡ
͵뿪֮ǰ͸һˡ
⺲ī۾ٴθֳһ⣬Ц˵ð
Ȼֱӽַŵ˷
һ룬رһ⡣
ţﳤУƱãϼ䣬ƮԶҡ
ô£
ǡ֣ͷ
ڷ⣬ԣǷˡ

ǲˣ
ο͵
ʮ³ʮʮ֣֣պͷ⺲ī⣬ʮο͵棬ϼٷˡ
º
Ƶڣ
ЩԭΪ⺲īᱻˣ
ԼʮĴ磺
ȷˣСǸ꾫˶סˣ


190 ڻϮ
Ӧϸ, ϸ硭ôе쬵ģ
ųһţС⡣
ߵл, ̲ס˵
֮˵ߵл, Ϊôķʶ, Ȼ˸ա
ٿˣҲеˡ
գ
ôͺ, ܲ쬵
ܿ죬ֻ֪һԭҪһֻǽ
յˣɨǵ°һ, ֱ¶һ˿ġ
գ
ȻĻе㲻ׯĿѧݣ¹һ󹥵ϣҪ˵
ǾǺЩлҲ, ƾʲô, Ҫ֪
һţһæԭֻܸſĴ󱦱һ, ɫͱˡ
󱦱ĳǶԵģҲǶԵģӲԡ
ζʲôԶ
գ
Ҳʱ򣬷Եĳһ߶˶һ߻صǲĿյıȽϵͰ, Ͼܲйɹ
֪һ, ͻȻһ졣
ʶһ
컨ͻȻһƯڰеģõİ£ͷ϶һ, Ѫģضǵ
ģ
յˣ

תͷ˳ġ
ǿİɣ
ǳȷӦһһĲҽֱӴ͸ݶҹգй
ûӰͻȻлعĺֱôһ֮ʶֳԭΡ
צİ
յˣ
ĵĲҽҲ漴ɤۣȻٴѿڶ
֪ʱһӼĲҽо͸ǹģ
ĵʶתͷȥֻһߴ󺰴УһͷҲصˡ
ĵˣ
Ϊأ
Ȼһֻŵƨ

Цˣû뵽ԼȻᱻͨųԭΡ
ԭ治мЩ֣ͨοҪ졣
ڲЩһһɫĶ顣
Цųŷյ˹
ǳȷӦһպԵһˣתܣŸʲôӰ

洫ĲҽͷټľƵ̲סЦ
Ӧ϶۸ʦڲŵҾ͸ա
⻰ԵҲһ˷ܡ
뵽ʲôϵ˷ɢȥһЩСүô˵ӦնӦүӵĶӣӦףôϷŪӦҪ֪ˣᱨǰɣ
ҵıֻû꣬ȻӦңЩС඾Ͳˡ
ң
Ц˵ӦӵӦˣ㿴ӦүӺӦа𡣡
ұˣʦӦѣӦҲվʦߣ
˵ˡ
ʦôãӦǰ϶ӦҼ̳ˣһжȦͷ֮һҲ䲻ʦġ
ٴһ㣬˵
뵽˷ˡ
һҪ飬ʦһӡ
ôϷŪأҲһֱڼʦҵĺԼҲԼץڰԼмＸ
⻰ԵЩӶʱҲЦĸˡ
Ҳʱ򣬳ĵ˵ĲҽԽԽԽԽ
˵ܺãһҪӦƨĳ״ȫ
Щ˵
֪ĿתضԴʱһ룬һһߴšйһȳ˳յҲų˳
Ƿյ׷Ǹ

ˣ
Ƕʱе£
˵õӦռ˻ᱻǸŵƨأôڱ׷ķ˰
ѵӦĻץ
һ۾ͿǸǼٵģ
ôܣ
Ҳʱֻһ죬յķű͵һ߿ŴɳһŮˣֱֱֻƮڰУ۷裬һ

ˣ
ԲӦյ׷Űܣ
Ǿ˵ӦôĻץ
ǲŷӦ
ȵȡ

˿˿ڵܵİֿ˿ƯڰеĺŮˡ

ٿӰʦһֱȥ
Ǻֱתͷ˹
òײŻͻȻһŨҵĲ
Ȼһ룬ǺŮ˵㡪
˵ֱ꣬ӳͳɱ˹

ڱܵʹ£ѾӾܡ
źȥ׷ȥˣûܶĳĵͣɿ˷յ˵֣ǽڴڴ
ǺĶ֣һĹ򣬺׷
㤵Ŀ֮У֣ץ
Ҳɺָ׼ʱ͵رһ⡣
ʲô
ֱܲӾͱ˳ȥ
ֱ̱˵ϣȻִ·óһöڷ̵īɫơ
ȻղַѾ˼ʦƾһ
Ȼһһߣ˵ĺ·ɻص˰Уɺ죬ŭ˵
ȻҲɵϹŵǿƣûٴγɱȥһ˦ӡ
һ룬ͷ˲ըȻֻһֱֱس˹ȥ
ԴˣֻĵҲסˡ
ȻˣǵĹעĲ̫һˡ
ֻ漴¶ĽɫⷢʵĽˣ
գ
ǻǵԼڵĴ
뵽˳ųĵ˵Ŀ⿴˹ȥ
ǺķֹĽء
ڷҲ̲סԼЩҲ̶õķߣȻҲŰǰĴ׵Ժ
ֱٴαһ׹⣬˲ͽͷϤնϡ
һĻ۵׵ľ˲һɨա
ӵ˵һΪж⣿
ҵҪ㻹ܰôţ
ֻЦһٴξͷٴγ˹ȥ
һΣΣΡ
ÿһΣͷûֱӱϵƷİ׹նϡ
ڶ̶̲ʮӵʱ䣬ŵ¾ͷ
˵ļûô̼
Щ࣬ڷֺ˲֮Ҳеֱͳֻ죬һĻܲһѿɾȫˡ
Ǹûз֣ϹŵƵɫһıǳԼ¶һ˿Ѻۡ
Ծһ룬ֻһϵѿֱ֮ӵڵϣˤƬ
ˣ
ǿϵƬֿ˿һĺžһֻŵ˵ϡ
ЦҵҪǻʲôС
ˣ
˵Ǹղжţھжྪ֣ܰ
ǵȿֺسŴȥƫƫõһһСĻˡ
ۿźҪ׷ˣֻһ߷ذԱߵһǱؼǰȥ
Ǻò׾ӳȥӱ˵ҵˣûֱӱͷ˺Ƭ
Ҫǰ滻ǡ
뵽˼ܵøˡ
ɵǣյ˾ͣ˾ǲԶĵط
ʱӦĳĵ˼״ɫͱˣ˸ӣǱ
һ˵ţûдĳæ˷յ˳˳ȥ
һȺ󸹱ˣȵˣûһĹǾͱ׷ˡ
ǾǻܹھҲȲϺΪɰ
Ժܿ죬ǾͱƵһ
ǰһڡ
ˣ
ֻǰǰǰμҽʦֲѣЩĸʲô
ںˣԼȥ˰ɣ
ҪүٸһλᣬӦհְֶС
ĵ˾͸˵ˣȶʼˡ
ȻЩϲ̨竣ʴûʲô캦飬ôϹء
ҡõġǲš
ⲢҪҪǡ
ۿˣӦϸ磬ϸ硭ֵܼҪˡ
ȴ뵽ʲô˵Ӧϸ磬㲻˵ץва
ɵˣӦϸ紵ţƤԹζ࣬⻰Ҳţ
״泩ˣܰܰҵҪ
Ҳʱ򣬷ҲڻҲ÷ϻһƾռ콣Ȼֱӳź˹ȥ
ʯ䣬û˵ĺûзӦֱӵ˳ȥݺݵǽϡ
ۣ
͵һѪ
һ룬һѳֱӺĲϡ
͵̧ͷһһŲϣӸµղ˵ʲôţ
鷢̫ͻȻڸûüӦĺ
Լͳĵˣ
˵ְ콣ͣţ

ֻºѪ˵ܰܰҵҪ̫ܵˣһˤô죿


191 
һϵ˵, ܰܰҵҪ̫ܵ, һˤô죿
գ
ͳĵˣ
ѹͷô, ԭΡ
ȻǲŷӦȵȡ
Ӧմ
Ӧƾձһѽ
Ӧ˵ץǴţƤ
˶ɵˣ
콣
ΪʶȤ, ΪòǰŬϰһЩó
ȻſµĽֻһСС
ȷӦ˹˿ʧڷе콣ֿ˿ѹܵĺ, Ժ˲ֻʣһʣɨɮ
ΪС˵ɨɮƽƽ, ʵȴǸ֡
ٿӦգǸһ޳ɵ, ʵȴǸز¶ʦ
Ҫɨɮ, ʲô
Ҫ, ӦǾǵ
⻹ҪģҪӦô, һӦ㵽׽Ūô죿
뵽͵طӦ
һ͵˷
ȻִһһƿûпĿȪˮš֮, ŵ˷ֱߡ
ĩ, ͨһ, Ȼһȣһ߸ȷ磬һĵ, ô
գ
ĵˣ
Ⱥࣺ

ʱδ
֮ǰδҲ̫ǫˣͺǵı£ǰָͷȲϡ
ȵȡ
֣
üͷһ
ֱͦ˵ҪƷ˵ǽ춼ҿԺԥ˵ھҵĸѽҽһ־ԲΪ
û취˭֮ǰһʱԳ飬ҪүٸһλᣬӦհְֶСĻ˵ء
˵ȻҪһŵǧˡ
ҪǣӦհְˣְֵܲΪ׽Ūһ£ʹסɣ
ܲ²롣
ûձ˶ӵá
Ȼ̧׼ӿʱ򣬾ҲǣûУ˵
յʶתͷ˹ȥ
ԭֻǴһѵѣûҪɱǡ
ĵˣ

һ㶼ˣղǼƣ˵ûҪɱǣ
ˣǸ˭֪ϲɱ޹ɱȡ֡
ҾûôǺԩ޳ƾʲôѵǣ
ǵúԭ׷ɱӦյˣ֮󣬾ת׷ɱˡ
֪⻰Ҫŭ˵ԩ޳㣬زǼҵİɣжǱߵԺǼҿİɣ
һ
󲻵ش𣬾ҧгݵǼҪԺԣǼŵˣǿϵķضѲĻûģͽĹưúã֪ǵʱжΪ⣬ǻǼҽ˺üҪʨӴ󿪿ڵĶӻ
ĵˣ
ǲ
Ӧɱ飬Ѫ
ΪһĹأǾͻϲصϸȥҵæ
ж
ΪıƸû֪
˵
ΪǼĶӻԼǼɽиٰʮǰģڶѾ˴룬ûסשݣһھҪʮĲǨ
ʱɰˡ
ΪǸǼһеϵӵ̾Ǹġ
ΪĨǵĹϵŻԺǸӵľͼľһ츣
Ǽӻֳôһֱڴӵ
û죬ǼӻͻȻĿˣҪʮĲǨˣԭĲǨҲֻҪһ룬˾£ȫǣǶҪ
һ֪ΪǼҶֹˡ
ǸȻǰĺ
Ȼ˵ǼôģһףһףķĹȫˣûķĹֱӾ͸ƽˣź¶ģƷȫߣͷˡ
˵۾ֺˣɺֺ졣
˵Ҳ֪Ʒź˭
˶˲Ϻºˣǵתͷϵıĸڲס

ҹ˾ôڣô֪
˵ܣȻǲ֪ģҰǵʱΪǸһЩߵĹ˶֣Ϊ˸лǣǻרŲ˫ʽ޽Ĺ
Ǻǣ
˼ѣ
ҪΪ飬αǧܹ
ʵϣԭֱȥǵ鷳ģֻҪôʦҪô˷ֻ˶Σ˭֪ײ˷
ֱ֪ȥء
ֱӾ͵ȥ
ΪҲ֪£Ȼ˵ĻȻǲȥ֤ġ
ԳĻпܾǼҡ
뵽Ҳȥ
ڸô죿
ȻͽⰡ¾Ǹ
ҧ˵ģǼһһҪȻǵ鷳ǼԼǴˡ
ȻѾףǷҲûʲô˵ˡ
ֱӻ˻֣Ȼˣ߰ɡ
ȴסˣҪߣ
Ҫ֪ǰЩʦ֪ûʲôĻ£ҲŷͬıĻӣɱǣ߰ץȥԦιԦ
ҪȻղźαôĵֺ÷ա
վȻҪߣ
ʲôԥأ
ŷӦ
ܷմʲô⣬ֻҪӵԶԶģ㷽ԺˣҲץ
뵽æһ˦ӣһ̣ˡ
ĵڻ
ղŷ飬Ȼֲʵĸо
̲סתͷ˷ա
Ҳʱ򣬻ҵĴͻȻˣ߽һˣֳ߰ӣһ㶣Ȼ˵ӦܣܡǿҺҡ
һ˵ţһߴȻͳһ֧Ʊ˵Ӧܣ֧ƱҸղȥˣǱ˵˻ˣǮȡˣ
üͷ΢壬ǰļҲӿ
ǰӦգǺӦҵ˵Ķӣʮꡭ
գ
ʵҲУ
Ͼ˰ٶͷӶˡ
ڲʮѣš
ǰļ䡣
ӦǺһĺţǻʵǿһУ֪Ӧڻ̽ĵλ
ӦȴӦҵļ̳ˡ
ô׽Ūͷ
Ӧҵμ̳ӦյĶӣӦ⡣
˵һĺΪ˼ȶóȻԽӣҵӣΪԪ谾õĽѵ
ӦյĸӦƫƫôˡ
⣬Ҫʮǰ˵ˡ
ӦûӦңΪȼ壬˳΢÷İˣȢ˱С㡣
ҺСİ£Ӧ˳ֹסӦҵơ
ڶ꣬Ӧվͳˡ
ֻСûôˣӦոʮ꣬ȥˡ
ºӦС̳СľŲС޸֮дĹ˾
ϲСĹ˾֮ӦĹ˾˲һֹǵʱʹʱķϣӦҺܿںгվ˸š
ȴΪʧ·
Ӧλ÷
֪Ƿ֮ѧʦͱĸ޸˸һ鵫ûкӵĸš
Ǹԭͦϲģֱ֪ӦйһΣӦһֱ͵͵Ǯ̲֮ס֡
ʱҲ֪ӦѾزȥˣΪ˱סֻѡˡίȫҳŵϾϵ
ʱѾһŮ
Ϊ˺ӣǸҲѡЭ
ǸԽԽñԽԽŮĲԽؾţǼ⣬˺Ⱦơ
֮һ飬ͻᶯִ
û꣬ͱǸʧִˡ
Ϊ鱾дȣǸһǮôȥˡ
֪Щ֮ӦȻβѣֱӳְǸǹְ̳Ůﰲ浽ӵ߽
ʱӦղʮ꣬Ӧƽﰲ浱ȶ˲֪ٱΪﰲӦ˽ŮԽ
ӦҲиаĻġ
˴ѧ֮ϲİΡһΪѧ磬ֻŮӡ
ΪֺӦî˾ѧϰһʹҪǮϴѧѧ꼶ʮĺѧĴڡ
û뵽ǣڴǸŮӵʱӦȴӦպﰲ浽˼
ΪӦպﰲûܺ÷ĳһź
ӦյȻӦ
ھԵȨǰķûκε塣
ΪӦ漴;ٱǸŮӣ˵ѧΪʦ
ͱѧУˡ
ӦֱӱӦ˻ȥ
Ӧ˵ӦղҲûϵһҩȥһоͶˡ
Ӧպﰲ浽˻顣


192 
ӦҲ, ڵ֪ǸŮӱѧУĸ˵飬һ֮һ, ûþȥ˵Ϣ֮
ǸӦﰲĻᣬǾﰲ, ӦҺúòǸŮһҡ
ӦôܴӦ
, Ӧѡ·õ, Ӧճ, ȴΪһŮֱǲ֪ô
ﰲȻų֪, Уҵ, 䲻
Ӧճ׺Ӧﰲ浡
Ȼʵ֤ﰲ浵ȷӦ˽Ů, ΪӦҵŮ, ܵӦҴĺôȴûæȥӦ֮ĸӹϵ, Ӧϲ, ѹ
ȴѡ˺飬̰ͼӦҵٻʲô
Ӧﰲ浺úõĹ, ƫԸ
Ӧճ׶һ, ûͰѳԺζȫѧˡ
û뵽, ôһΣȻﰲ浻˺ӣһ˳˳һӣҲӦյĶӦ⡣
ӦӦѾҩɾ, ԼҲᣬԷӦգתӦ⡣
ӦȻǸӵĲġ
ﰲ뿿ȹԼĵλӦƫƫҪơ
ֻסӦ⣬ӦⲻﰲģӦĳָֻ֣ڼͥӦҵٻȴеӦ񣬲Ҷ׽֮Աǡ
Ӧ˶ΰһѵ鸾һѵĺӣ㽫̳ȨҲҪﰲĸ
үǿ۵ģû˽Ūﰲ浾Ȼð֢ˡ
Ӧո˻ˣΪרﰲһַǷᡣ
˻ˣӦӦȴˡ
ȻӦվͲˡ
ҽ˵ӦΪʹϰ߲ŵµĲ٣ԾӦӦ⺦Ҳû֤ݡ
ȻӦƹˤһͷβ竡
Ӧѧҵ֮ͽӦϹ̶̲ʱ䣬Ӧķ£ӦܾλãӦӦҳѾ˵Ӧ֮ĵһˡ
˵ҲС˵ݻĻǾһġ
Ӧǹ
ܣеǸʦ
ϾΪܣôûһȺĽĹ乥ء
֮һΪһʱļҽ̣˱СΧŻϲ
һĵĲһǣӦİ¹Ⲣһ̰ͼӦҵĲƲԵӦⲻŵ̲裬Ǽ֮ϵ
Ӧ֮Իϲ󣬲Ϊ󳤵ӢΪС󣬶վڶȦӶˣӦһȽΪ֮Уȴʼûܳ
󣬾Ҳ۷ˣ˰Ľ֮ġ
ǸͷβֱС
ҪǣĸӦյλŮʦ
Է걻ѧУ֮󣬾ȻȻȥ˱ûþʹƴһݲСҵǼ޽Ҽңջһİ顣
˵Ӧ֮ŵ
֪Լн֮ӦתͰ˺󳤵ЩĹ¶ԺʮСһӦպδ޵һڻҵ£һϲ
Ȧߺ죬ҲڷԼʵʦ֮һĵ飬˳ϻء
Ϊ⣬ԭһֱһӦҲĬ֮Ĺϵ
ߵһ𣬲ҳɹӣΪһĽɾ¡
Ӧյһڻǵ³Ҳ֪
Ӧֱӱͽ˾ԺӦδΪ鷳ͱŪü
ʲôû
˭Ӧİ¹أ˵žԭ
Ψһ;Ϊһڻң֤Ӧϲ
ͬʱ뱻׷ɱվʱӦԥ¹⣬Ⱦ˺Ƭ
ġ
³Щڻҵġ
ڵľ飬չĴ粻ȥڹⶥҽԺ޵Ȼعϣٶȶϡ
ΪĻᱻᣬӦһʱƲ˹ϵ
ǰŸհߣű̲ס
ҲʱӦյһС˿һӾŵĽɫӦա
Ӧտһ¾籾ⲿӾͶʵǰС˿ధʹӦС˴ʽҪ
ŵĽɫǱ߱ѾԱˣֻǻûǩͬѡ
ɲɵǣµԱ
ܿ죬˽ɫϢʹӦĶ
ӦôҲû뵽պֿͱ۸ˡ
۸˻Ӧա
Ϊ˸ֱͣӦյĿ
ǰ֧Ʊˣĵݡ
ǽ֮ԻۼΪ̸Ͷʵ顣
Ҳʱ򣬷յֻˡ
绰ĿɲӦ飬ϰԵشᡣ
ιӦӦѾ֪˰ɣӦҰĿпͣˣ˵ӦҵȨƲ˵ģϣܺú÷ʡʡԼʲôʱ֪ˣٻָĿ
˵ֱ꣬ӹҶ˵绰
ݣ

ĵˣ
һɡ
ϤӦա
ӦҲ̲סЦһ
Ͼֻ˵ְֵͣӵĿӵְֵͣĿģǵһ ˵ϡ氡
Ҵͷβֻһ˸绰ɼӦжְ֡
ҪǣӦ⾹Ȼ˵ӦҵȨƲ˵ġ
ϾӦҵȨƣһָδ޼ҵĹ˾ʲôʽû
žǴ˵еĳ˫˰ɣ
ݲ࣬Ȼ˵ӦҸͣôҲû뵽ӦôӦյ
ӦգϣҲǹʧܵġ
ɲӦҸĶԹԹҲȥģֻӦյĿӦͣˣӦճŵͶô죿
ʱͼˣӦܣ
գ
˵Ӧһлʹߴϡ
ϾָܲһΪʧȥΪ˵ϣ֪ԼӦүѾƹˤʲôɡ
ȷӦӿڴͳһǮпȫֱ֮һ֣ǮСһأ㻨Ǯ㻨
ҪǲĻҾȥ͵װֵ˽Ǯ˽Ǯʲôطҿһ
գ
ĵˣ
ݣ
ôТ˳װ֪
ջعüһɵˡ
ͬǱ˶ӣ˶Ȼ˵㣬Т˳
ֱӰѿݸ˵ݣУʹЩпˢɣ
ݣ
ǲǺȴˣҵСүȻƺӦΪְ֣
п˳Ӧˢ
ڵ˲ԲһһٶʮģԺŶԹΪĹѪ硣
ĵҲڷӦ
ǿ˱ֱķգֿ˿յĻֲ֧֮ʶٲԸţڵӦҲʶǸӦղһˡ


193 
һ, ЩҲӦĶ
ϾڻֻǰˣӦǱߵһ紵ݶ֪
Ȼ, Ǳ߷Ͳ֪ˡ
ԷϣӦͻȻڵ˵һСߵе
ӦⲻŲæظԼһ⣺š
ӦҲδ޵, һ㡣
ϾҪǴȥŮǱ߲ý
ĵֻӦҺӦӦͣӦյĿ飬ûзϡ
Ͼﰲ浲ţӦȴ˸߲ҵľٰףʱѾӦˡ
ôӦһ֮¸ӦҩӴ˲ٵһֻ۱һֻء
οʴûпӦ, ӦȴһٶڻԸѾǿӵķˡ
ӦȻҲ֪һ, ŸֱͣӦյĿ
ֻǵ˵ͷģġ
, Ӧ䵽ĵزȫȡɹֲ
е֪֮Ͳ֪Լûʲôµ, ΪһŮӦ
ҲӦյ׾ٵؾӦҼ̳˵λ, ҪȻҲҪĶһ֪Ҫ϶꣬һȨ
ڵӦ, ǸŪģƵѡ
Ӧͺá
ΪӦ̳ǺģҲ֪ΪһС, Ӧҵ¡
֪ġ
ֻ˵꣬ӦȴûЩء

ҲڷӦ˹
ӦǲǸܴһñӣֻҪӦյǮλС
üЦҾʹллӦܣллүˡ
˵˶٣˵Ƿģ飬ҾԲ͸¶ȥֵġ
ϾӦպɾǵĽˣֶԷ
˵꣬תпϲصˡ
գ
ˣ
ʲô˼
ҲܿͰ׵Ժ
ֻﻹЩ
ϾʽȻˣ鷳˿ɻûнء
ڷտӦջӣȻԼԭ򡪡ѡʵӦԿһĵ·һôͣľͲӦˡ
ףףӦһӣĳﰲԼӦ⡣
ĳѾˣȴ͵͵غӦϵһΪӦδˣһΪ̰ͼӦǮ
䵽³һȡ
ӦȴĳҪȫΣϾġ
ΣȻﰲ浽ӵӦҽ
ȴǿӦҲеΣСﰲϲĶӦǿӦհѶ͸ﰲ浣ĸҲС
ΪνûܺһźӦյķԣǿӦպﰲ浽˻飬Ϊϧһ޹ˡ

;еġ
Ըôʰأ
롣
ֱɱǿ϶ǲеġ
Ͼطĺùء
δҲ̫ˡ
ӦӦԸôԴӦյĵΪӵӦȻ
뵽ͻȻһ˵Ҽǵáȥʱ˵ŲȫӦ̳У
Ҫ֪ʱС㴴Ĺ˾ĹģɱӦϻ
ӦҲΪ̲СĹ˾нĹģ
׷ΪʲôôʣϾ˵Ϊˣ֪Ŀ϶Щ˶Ŷԡ
˵û
ΪȦﴫˡ
Ȼ̲ס˵Ƕڲ£Ƿʮа˾Ӧαġ
ΪҲ֪С㲻һ
ǸʱѾ·ˣСҵĹϵһܣܲΪҿǣһѡ
ȥʱӦղʮ꣬ӦҲʮꡣ
Ҳ֪Ӧʮа˾ǻȢģ׻˵˺˺֣˭ܱ֤ӦƫĺĺӣȻԽӦգѼҵȫǡ
ΪԷһС㲻ܽŲȫӦ
οһˣǾ͸ôͿˡ
Ÿ˵Ƿʮа˾Ǽٵġ
ǰЩ˶֪ǷǼٵģӦôܻ᲻֪ء
ò֤ݡ
ΪӦʮǰѾ˼̳̣̳ŲǷνС˵ҲͶʧˡ
Ծ⣬Ӧ˵ӦճԵõҲģȴ
˴Ҳʶ˷յͼ۾Ӧϸ磬롪
ʮֺ棬£ջʲôð취
Ȼ˵ȻӦǷѾˣóһ𣿡
ʲô
һ
óһ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôӦǸ֣֮ǰȴôĶӶ۸ͷȥ
Ҫ֪Ǹֺе磬ʦ粻һĳ㣬ʦڻ綼ڵλȻĴڡ
ҪȻӦյңҲңΪʲôᶯͰԼʦ֮һҵĺ˵ϡ
뵽۾ʱ͸ˡ
յʵǿԺʦҵģΪ㴫˵׼ĺֵ¶һС
ڣˣϵɱҺǹĨǵĹϵοˡ
ʱֻ๶һԸûⷽ롣
ϵÿֵ̫ˡ
Թһ򲽽Ӧյĸ¹һҲͱӦˡ
ǡӦ׼αһ
֡
ԽԽ˳ڣڿɲǰˣڵĿѧôαǺױġ
û
ĵҲ׷˵
üͷһ˭˵Ҫαˣ
ô鷳ҿɲɡ
ˣ
ЦЦֱӰѡлдһ𣡡
ˣ
ˣ
ˣ
Եģܼ򵥴ֱ
ôأտǸʦʲôֱӰСĹٻʡĵء
һʲôСд
Ҫǣǻûʦлĳء
˵ǲǻҪ̳Ҫʲôȥ׼
ȴ˵ô鷳
ϾС㶼ʮˣ˵Ͷ̥ȥˣһл귽˵в
Բֱһ˵ظҪСѾͶ̥ˣÿֱͨظҵ
ְ콣˳Ǿ鷳һ˵ظˣ˳Ӧҷ
֪Щ֮󣬻Ըǵġ
Ȼ콣ȴһͲѡˣʹҵʱһһСòŵʱΪŲֵޣ仰дڽˡ
գ
ղճȭһ
ô죬Ͼȡ
ֻ˵ұ֤Ժ϶վߡ
콣ģ
գģҪȻϵĲⱲӶβá
ûŶûֱӰ콣°𣬿֪ӦѾԲ׼ٺ콣ƽˡ
ҪȻô˵Ļ
콣Դһ֪˵һԣ׷
ȻȲػһ⣬˵صףͺ·շһ
ֻǹȥʮӣһŮ˻ˡ
һĻˣ
ԷյʵСĹٻӦúܼ򵥣ôҲû뵽ô򵥣
Ҳ˵ϻǾ鷳ˡ
С۾Ȼ˵Ӧҷ֮Ѿ޹һˡ
ֻҧ˵á
ԵڶϣӦһ˾˵ĽɫǱˡ
Ӧȥ׵ĶֱͣסˣӦջǸǸͶ˰ǧǮ
飺
ȻʧӣӦ⵱˵ǾֱӸǸʩѹǰ
ӦմĶŪǮھԵȨǰһ
ҲӦգô꣬ûп͸һ㡣
飺õġ
֪ʱһ鼱Ҵҵĳ˽Ӧܣˣˡ
Ӧ΢Ϲһݾ˵ϷдϷ˽ȫĲƲүαǷռĲƲΪɣүӸ˷ͥ
ʲô
Ӧɫ˲ͱˡ


194 

Ϣ, ѣӦϵĹƱֱӵĸ㣬ȦҲ䶯ˡ
Ǿ仰
Ҫ֪С㴴Ĺ˾ĹģɱӦϻ
ӦҲΪ̲СĹ˾нĹģ
ټӦ̵ĿɲСŲ, ԭӦյʮķֺ죬ⳡ˾ӦҪˣҪ֮ĲƲա
⻹Ҫ, Ҫ, ջġ̷涨ͨα졢۸Ļ, ʹм̳ʸļ̳ΪԼм̳ʸ񣬴Ӷ׷ԼȨΪ, թƭ
թƭ, Ĺ涨ϴ, ͽ̡ۻ߹ƣ޴, ʮͽ, ر޴, ʮͽ̻ͽ, ûղƲ1
ӦȨ, ʽ˰, ֮ĲƲٸ, ر޴ˣһӦҰߣȴӦľͽʮͽͽ̡
ǸǸҪȥ
Ӧ۾Ѫ˿еĹȸǲͣĴŵ档
Ķ, ץץ
ʴûпӦգھΪӦͣӦյпӦվȻĹε顣
СŲôӦҲᴫĶӡ
ˣ֪н죬͸ǸʱֱӰ
Ӧ侲
˵֮ŪӦǲġ
Ӧ˵ġ
Ϊ䣨С㣩յġ
Ҫ־͹䣬Ѿ޽ӦңӦҸȴȻ֮һļҲҡ
ҪǣҲûɷΪʣµ֮ļҲȫӦգûɷһְ
ô顣
Ӧ˵ӦóǷǰеŲȫӦգûһǮһݼ
⻰Ӧʱһ
Ҳ˵ʮа˾Ӧչڵˡ
ĿҲܼ򵥣ǾóһݼվƸߵۣȵӦΪЩܵʱԺǺ̸ȻʨӴ󿪿ڣӦҧһ
ΪӦ̳СȫŲ鱾;ãڿ϶ӦǱߣ϶ӦСŲӦ˵ʤˣĸӰҲԺӦպ̸ӦճһжǸᣬõѡ
뵽ӦЦˡ
ǸСǴһֺ̡
δ̫ΪˣҲ̫Сˡ
ӦԸȥֱӦϵĹٲһ棬˵һжӦյıӦִԲӦҾͺϾϵס
Ӧ⣺á
ȻϢһеƽӦбһ㡣
ӦҾȻϾϵĻ˵ˣ̬ôǿӲ˵Ӧˡ
ҾȲվˣһתˣʱָˡ
ʱںǰС˳Է˳С˷˸֡
С˵ȻǼٵģϾǰʮˡ
ǰסԼе顣
ԿӦϷ֮󣬷ͻȻЦˡ
ΪµӦү뷨
Ҳ֪˭Ʋ˭
뵽ȤطĿӣóֻ΢ظϾϵף
ҶϷͥˣѵһ֣
סΪǷ⽨أ嶼Ѿˣ׻ܽҳأҵʲôã
΢һ̲סЦˡ
ȻǣҾȻӦ˵Ļеô죿
һ˵һȻҲлĻеһ֣ⶼʲôˣͰ׹ϣӦжŰ塣
ͻȻ;ӦӦյŲ룬СĹ˾ӦϵĹģӦҪǼ̳СŲҲͱӦӦȻӵͷȥԸɴӦյŲ
Ŷпܡ

ûãһΪӦϹŶž΢ѵβ͡
Ӧֺˡ
û뵽ֻ㷢һ΢ͰǵгһЦ

Ӧŭ˵ȻֶˣҲٸʲôˣȥǰЩȫųȥ
ӦЦˣá
Ϊ׼ˡ
ӣҪӦջô
Խֻǹȥӣһ˿΢vһƪΪһǿνܺӦɫȮЩꡯ£ţмʮvתƪ£Ȼֱӿսѵڶ

ûͳԺζȫӽ֮ûþͳˣŮɣ󻹰ӻˡ٣
yueˣ֮ǰôͬȻǸôĵ⡣
Ǻǣ丸仰ˡ
ҾþӦӦյŲҲӦպһٱӦûг죬ԭȥ֮ҲһֱûȢ
ûӦЩųû죬Ȳŵ⳥˽¶˺öˡ
ѵֻһ˾ãСǰŲȫӦү𣬱ϾӦүô飬С϶ҲǿģŲӦүӣӦûʲô𣿡
ûҪ־͹ӦԼǽŪ˼̳Ȩ
ʮа˾һֵݵģνҲ϶αġ

ЦЦ
Ӧһ۲ٿÿ治տڲӦС֮һֱ˼Ǯ飬ҲӦӦպͳ֣óĸײţǿӦպﰲ浽飬ͷһһˮ
ӦΪʲôûȢСûʲôϵΪﰲ浺Լĳ谮ߣԼӦĺ¡
ΪʲôôΪƶӦղ÷ˡ
ΪӦյĳأһҼҵķˣҪǳЩ飬ƱػҼҲƵ˼ϡ
ӦԾѾùˣƽʱҼ˶㵽һߣȻ
ҪӦͱӦүôĵˡ
ȴΪ
Ҳȷû㷴顣
ΪԭĿҲǲٿۡ
ϾȵʼӦٶˮҲûá
ֻһ㣬Ҳ֪ſЩ֮󣬻᲻
ӦòɡϾô
շĵطֻ
Ȼ̧ͷСˣֶԷҲѾ֮˵ǽ͵ɡ
С˵˵ͷ
տʼֵʱС˻е㲻ᡣ
ΪӦճִ󷽣ֻҪֵ̫ҪӦһ㶼ӦһҲӦº
˵ǰ췽ջǧһӾš
Ľһ˿´ŵҲš
ȻնιϵˣٲҲˡ
ֻܸվ
֪һţײһȺˡ
Ϊ׵˴һͦĺװ˸᲻ƿĿ⡣
յ۾˲ˡ
ⲻ뻳ɿɰƽ
֪Ҳ˿ֿ˿ԵС֮뵽ʲôֱ¶һɺڵӶ
գ
̫ͻȻ


195 
̧žҪ, æ׷ȥ
ȵȡ
յҲʶͣ˽Ų
󣺡
Ӧʱ򣬷ѾߵǰӸ΢𣿡
󣺡
˵Ҳ֪մʲô⡪ϾĴڨŶ, һ겻֪Ҫٻء
ұΪһȻϿͳ
֪һڱô⡭ء
뵽ʱͺˡ
ⲻҪģҪӦվȻƺΪ
һǺСһȶ, ûϳ
뵽ûĸˡ
˳һһӦǵ˭𣿡
ôһ˵ʶǰļһȦ, ȻֱӾʹסˡ
˾Ȼǰ˵Ķ, ǰӵİ¹
գ
绹Ѫǰɡǰɣ
ô죬ҲֻܺƤˣԭ, 겻, ԽԽӢˡ
ֻ˵˵ţͻȻúʲôطԾ
ʶԼķ, ʶʲôطԾˡ
ⳡ⻰
ͺ͹ûʲôˡ
Ȼʱ͸ˡ
գ
ղɵӡ
ȻŷӦ
ȵȡ
ѵġ͡
ʲô, ѵӦ
뵽, ˲̧Ȼ, Ǿ͸ӦüӸ΢ˡ
󣺡
˵Ƥôô
ҪǣߴСˣò
Ķ䶼ˡ
ƫƫʱ, ﲻٿĶ֮󣬶תͷ˹
ûпĻмϳǡΪǵˣеѾֻ
Ϊ˲ΪȦЦ̸ֻҧóֻ˷յ΢š
ֻĩˣ˵ٸ㷢Ϣ
󣺡
ŲңͷҲصˡ
ֱӰʧ˴⣬תͷСˣˣҲȥɡ
һߣûһߵ۷ϣȴˡ
Ͼڿ֣Ӧ˻˷յͺҵʲô
ѺԺװ֮󣬶˲ϸظֱͣͳֻ
ȻҲ֪ӦպĳЩ²ðᵽ̨ⲢζβӦүˡ
һСʱ֮΢͸һƪ£ӦЩˮıĸʽһģһһǿνĺӦүɫȮЩꡯ
ٿģҸ˵ӦվӦɾģʲôڳ죬ʲôӣҲͺЩ֪ѰˣӦүЩȱ£Ȧ˭֪
˵ӦŸͰѳ˵Ůӽ˼ţ֪ĻΪŮͳء
ҲȷûȢǾ֪ЩȺ׵ŮʿͲλڰС˸ʤˡ
˵Ӧ⣬Ǿ͸˵ˣŵԵδ޵£һǣˣŶҳ֮á

Ķɵƣûһ֤ݣſھ͸ӦӦ⡣
²ӦˮɣˮǲеӦҶҵշԺƱɡ

үҲЦˡȵȣⲩ֡

٣Ȼ


˭
زСүز֪ȫǰʮķز˾زٷ֮ʮĹɷݶԵ۲ǾԲӦ֮µġ

زģӦģûͻӦòСүΪ˱ӦҹӦүСү֪ܲҥĻӦǻ𡭡
Ҳ˵˵ʮа˾ġ
Ӧջڳ죬Ż鶼Ǽٵģ
ȺӦ׵ŮʿͲλڰС˸ʤ⣬ܳ裿
ӦδޣСǣںò׹ȥˡ
ؼĻǸǣҲ˵Ǹgay
gayŮĶ顭ݣ
Ҿ˵̫վӣ˰ɡ
ģ@Ӧ@Ӧ⡭΢Сʱˣǲܻ֪ɣԱװˣֳҥ
ٿ˲ֵӦϵĹƱӦӦˡ
ôҲû뵽鶼쳾䶨ˣȴͻȻһ
Ϊңûóκε֤ݣЩͶĻ
ȻӦվȻôϴˣǷһࡣ
ƫƫͲȥţΪ˵ĵȷģһִˣǲĲʰˡ
Ӧ⵱˵ȥϵܡ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪԣ²ʮа˾ġ
ΪҽһֱѰתͣصķǻҲΪһӦնǡΪӦںϻҵ˵һĴڡ
Ӧ⣺ֻҪǿ㹻һӦɾ΢ǵǸġ
ֻҪǸˣ֮ͺ׽ˡ
ʧôص飬ȵȥˣʰҲ١
δǱߣǾ͸ӲõˣϾδôֻҪ绰ȥһ£ǲġ
Ӧá
ΪҲֻˡ
ӵӦĵ绰ʱĸպôԺ飬һصҡ
ôҲû뵽زȻô棬Ȼ޹ĹǮ̰
Ϊˣһزʮи߲ͽ˾֡
ȻǾ֪ĺˡ
Ҷϵ绰ֱӾͺˡ
أǸСȥĶˣҽг
û뵽Ǿȥ˾һ࣬͸ôһ
Ҳʱ¥ĸ۾˲ˣ֣죬ۼҵĹ˾ٲȥתҷ΢ҪӦǶԲҪүѵһ

ֱĶ䣺֪ʲô𣿡
Ӧ⿪ȷǴ
ĵط
̳ɻľ֪һɱ˵ӦһؾˣҲ˽ǣ˭ܱ֤ǲᶫɽԺ󵫷ʹӣҾ͸תˡ
˵ǼҺӦҸûʲôԹһ־Ƕôôǣ
֪ôͱ˶¨𣿡
ʹᶼˣ⻰һһµǲӦү̫𣿡
ЦˣٶģҲӦڲ飬ӦպǼʲôϵҪô
صɴۣӦôûйϵ
͵һȭͷɷ츸ĸͬӵֵܰ
ĸ
ĸ
ĸ
һСʱ֮еĹ˾ת΢
΢漴ͱˡ
飡
Ӧɺ죬ֱӽĲ豭ˤ˵ϡ
ңңôôôô
Ӧͬһ࣬ǵڶˣԭ϶飬ͻȻͷתˡ
֪ⳡ˾ǴӮˣӦҺӦϵҲˡ
ôҲû뵽鵽Ÿոտ˸ͷء
ΪʱӦ˽һɫүӣӦܣˣʼʼĽˣӦǷȻСġ
䣡
ӦӦĪȫľˡ


196 
Ϣܿѡ
Ȼ΢ͱˡ
Ͼ˵, ʲôܱȵϺŵĹϸ˰ٳԲء
һδƽһ
ģȻŹȥһ룬Ҹ˵ӦҾǽֵĹ
Ӧү֮ǰļ, ԭѾĬӦǼٵˡ
, ˭, û뵽ǣӦȻġ
Щ֪ĺӵܼ״Ҳ̲ס˸֡
ٸһЩСϢʵСȥ֮ǰ, ӦնȦı˼ҵĺӣСȥ֮, ԭǶġ

ӦǸνıŲǱˣӦǸ˵Ů˵ӦǱŽĶڴ֮ǰѾϲŮˡ
һǾԲ֪֮ûãӦվͲ, ǲΪʲôͻȻ٣
Ƕ£ʮа˾Ӧⵣ֮, ӦȢŪһ˽ӣвĵλ, ɴ͸Ӧ˾ҩ
ʲôǽ, ˣ

ݣ
Ӧôҵ𣿡
ΪˣǿԼĶȢ˵Ůʲô˵Ĳ
Ӧ⣬Теս
ԭ˵ô˵, ӦӦյףӦⶼӦյӣǳТΪ֮ӦֱӰӦϷͥе̫ˡڣˬˡ
Ҳˬˡ
ȵȣǲһ飬ȻģҲ˵ⳡ˾ӦӮˣӦ֮ĲƲֽڽڡ



ĬĬط˷ԼûлĻ˵裬ˣҾȻͬһ򸻺ˡ
ҾͱȽˣΪֻӦүڵķӦ#бЦ#
ŶҲ֪Ӧүڻ𣿡

Ӧڵܵγˮˡ
жѪ˿¶дǱ֣ܣǷġ
Ǿ仰䣨С㣩Ƿͱˡ
ôԽˣŲȫӦգҪ֪ǷдҪ֮һĲƲ˵ġ
˵һǱʼˣھʦϵԺ½бʼ
ûõġ
Ӧͬһ࣬еļǷļıȻǡʼӡ
Ӧһ˰ѧ֤ġ¾ѧԺڵİ˼Ȩıʼ˼ǵļȫӦճʾǷд
ӦύļϣȥǰЩѧУĶҶ
ȻʼȻҪṩ̳ױдıʼҪݵٰ֣еƫԲףΪܴ̳ܽ˵˱ʹɣӶжϳǷΪ̳ױд1
ӦύСȥǰЩѧУĶҶҲ˵ǹϵСıʼǸûзĿܡ
ҲζţӦǷġ
ڷɲϣġ
ҪǣӦǷϣдǰֻһעյ졣
Ϊڶ죬ͽ֢໤ˣ֮󣬱˵ˣҲԲȥˡ
Ѿ˵Ӧǰó̳СǷǼٵˡ
ԭǻԽ˵ӦǷдģǲ֪飬һӦӵα㿪֮֡
ڣǾҪ粵Ҳûлˡ
飡
Ӧֱ̱ϡ
ôҲû뵽ӡ
ڸô죿
һӦ˵ˣֻܺӦ̸ˡ
ҧгݣΣҶܽ
ӦֳôΪĲǮ
ӦһӦ̸еġ
Ϊֻܴ϶ﵽǮ
á
ȻģӦ⻹ҧӦ
Ϊ˵Ǯƽ飬ѾõĽˡ
Ӧ⵱ͳֻͨ¼׶ҵӦյĵ绰˳ȥ
ֱֻ֮ӴһϤãĵ绰ͨУԺٲ
ӦҲĵһ²Ӧյĵ绰ֻﴫĻǾ䡮ãĵ绰
ӦŷӦӦǰˡ
ӦյĿѾԶˡ
ǸСҽ
Ӧ˻
ӦͬһǱ
ǰ²ҩʲôӦڿɱݶˡ
ҲʱӦֻͻȻˡ
óֻһ绰ɲδ޴ġ
ӦⲻЩͷδʱ绰ͺ͹˷ʱûʲôδ޵ļʱҲﲻʲôæ¡
ǲô˵Էδޣôصķϣǽͨ˵绰
֪ڣ˵Ӧ⣬ǽԼɣ
ʲô
Ӧսеֻ
ȻѿڶҪҽԼΪ飬ҪҽԼ֮ǰǻҰȥ𣿡
֪⻰δޱҪȣ㰮ȥڿʲôЦǲֻҵǰܹҲͼѡ
Ȼ󲻵ӦⷴӦ뵽ʲôδ̲סЦ㲻ΪҾͼ㼸֮󣬾Ͱ˰ɣ
ôǰôûзأ
Ӧֱ죺㡪
δȴֱ˵ˣЩеûˣұҵǰôֻΪԼѡ
Ҿ˺ΣȴֱΥ˺Լ˸СҲˣŪ˾֪ǼҶ
ǼܱסҲҺҲܴһЩķϣҲǲӪҵһʱ䣬ǼҵãԼװܻˣҲܱܲס˵ϾǹͬչɲҼҷƶңԾôŰɡ
ҲǼҲ棬Ͼ˲ȡ
˵ֱ꣬ӹҶ˵绰
ˡ
飡
ӦݺݵĽֻˤ˵ϣֻ˲ķѣƬԼ
͵ս˫ȭ
Щ뿴ǼҵЦƫƫ⣬¡
ͻȻǰ߹Ļ
Ȼó֣Ѿûѡ˲
뵽սȭͷͻȻɿˡ
˵үү㻹ǵǰһϵܺõıȥʱ͹һȦ
˭
һӦ˵
Ӧ֮ԻǵΪǼһһ㣬ҵʱѾ˻ˣȴӽﰲ浣ջΪ⣬ԭй˽½ѵһٵĴ㣬Ϊﰲ֤ٺҲͰ׵Ժ
Ӧ˵ͳ칫ҵΡ
ʲô
ӦôҲû뵽ǸһﾹȻĸλ
Ҫ֪ͳ칫ȻֻԱһͳ˹ϵͳ֮ڣǾһʡԱȲϵĴڡ
˵
Ӧҧ˵ԿܲϵҪְܳǣٻתء
Ӧ۾ʱˣúúãھȥʲôǶԴӦ
Ӧһá
ȻӦδһҼȻѾӦ˻ˣô֪ܲӦһԹǣΪ˷ֹӦҶɽ𣬱ǣȻŹӦҵĻᡣ
δ޼ҺңԼЩӦҵͷƶ£ܿ죬ԺͿͥˡ
ӦҲȻͬԤϵ߾ȫغͷ˲Ʋ鱨Ƿˣö֮˲ٲƲ
û뵽ˣӦҾȻôûӵ飬ⲻǰֳɵİѱ
ǵŷյĴʦԺѲӦЩĲ˱˰¼ȻļԺ˶ӦʲҪ
ţʱֻҪһ㶫ܰӦҲͽȥˡ
ϾӦôĹ˾ôǸɾġ
û뵽ǣԺ֡˰£ȴʲôҲûв
Щһ䡰ǰҺˡֱ֮ǵĵ绰
ҪǣӦһֱͼʱ䣬ڿͥӳ֤޵ȵȡӦҵЩ֡󣬷ԺȻȫ׼ˣԿͥһ޷Ϊɣӳޡ
ֻЩ㹻ӦⲻŲæؽӦϴ󲿷ʲתˡ
Ļ֪ܲӦϸ֦ˡ
ֲѵ˲ͱҵˡ


197 
ʱ, ɧ
ֱӸһŰҩͼƬ֣쿪ʼҩȡ֮ͷ
һֻ춯, ڹ󣺡
˵Ҳ֪˭Ϣ
Ͼô, ûƤôļһ
ϾʱǼһڨʱ, С˺ȴûϳ͡
鶼ȥô, ǸһﾹȻ͸ĳˣ˵Ķһ, 췢ϢɧҲûлظ
ֻô, ȴùֻش΢, 㿪СǸһϢ
Ϊʲôûֱɾ
һɾ֮, Ǹһ߳ŭ䱾ɧֵĸʱûճˣԻϵء
ֻҪظһ, һǻ֪Ѷˡİɣ
ȻͿ˷շƬ
󣺡
˼
ͷܿ
ʶԲһ·ձ֮ӡ
ͦģġ
ԣⲻҪҪ, κͺͷô˵úվһ
󣺡
עǲǻе㲻̫ԡ
Ǹһվվʲô¡
뵽Ŷ佫ֻ˳ȥ
Ǹһ, ˡ
֮ܶǲܺӦһġ
ϾҪ˵ġ
ԭһ·ղҪҳҩóԻôҪˡ
һߣƾʵʵӦԲ߰˰˵ķطֻ
֪ʱֻˡ
绰ҲӦյСģͣһھǣӦգҪǼҺˡ
֪ӦӦѾڷͥϳˣѾʼˡ
ӦⶢϵĵһĿ꣬ҡ
ΪңΪѾձɽʱԹӦҵЩǿǸӡ
Сʱ֮󣬷վ͸ϵҡ
˵ɫȻ̫ÿС֮⣬˿֮󣬶˲١
ϾҲ֪ӦүӦոһܺߡ
ҪȻǰҲͲỹŸӦҲһ㻨Ǯˡ
Ӧڶʮˡ
ֻΪǾãҪǿˣŮӦӦңӡ
գҲû뵽Ӧ˾Ȼ
֮ǰСдʱ򣬹д˰еŲȫӦգûһ˿ΪľӦүΪǼٵģ֪ǡ١ģȴֻܿŭӡ
˭Ҳû뵽Ĺͷתֱ¡
תһ룬Ȼԭ֮⣬Ҳ֮С
ϾӦҪô׵ؾͱʰˣҲͲԭǹˡ
ӦԸҵķҲܼ򵥡
ҴĸҵӦȥͶҵĶԼҡ
ϾӦڹ˾ǰҲһȻ
ӦүԸһССңòŷô˼
һҹ˾һҼٷ˾ӦչܱеļٷԭϵչϣҴ۸սԭҺЩͷƷվ׷׵ЩѾŰûյͷˡ
ͷ
̲ס˸¡
û취ȻѾˣϣͷͷӰһʱûȥ
ǰ
ڳ˵üͷظˡ
ƫƫʱ򣬰Ӧδ޼ڵЩΪɵӦҵĿɽٳѹӦң˵ˡ
ҵļҵױͱȥ£ҾҪ군ˡ
̲ס뵽ǸҪܰλСͺˣΪһƶͷ
˵꣬
գ
ڳˣ
ڳŷָŷһĻ
ǰʶǾ֮ǰ۷粨֮Ǿ벻ʶˡ
ǲЩܳСү
ǻţǿɶҵĳֱӽСС
˵Ŷǵı
⻰ʲôЦͳһѺڳҾ˾ˣ裬ĸ̷򣬱㡭һ
˾˵һ⣬¡
Ҿ˾˵ˣ
ǵı
ǲӦյı˶
ԲЩĸ
ԡ
ص㲻Ӧյı˶ӡ
Ļϵģ
϶ģҪȻ֮ǰͲǰӦ˵ˣǼˡ
֮ǰ֮԰ӦգΪӦɰ֣
ʵϣǵֻΪӦյӦңԲŻְӦա
˵ʵǲ̫ģӦǸԣʲôɰֵġ
ڳ˶ˡ
ˣȴ˵Ҿ뷨ͦġ
ǿ԰ֱӰƽ飬ϾȱľǮˡ
ԺҪأ
ԴУȻϣľԮ
㲻档

˵ֻһЦ
ˣ
ʲô˼
ǼȻնô˵ˣҲֻܵͷȥλСͷš
ΪǼҸλСһĹλСרŸֶ˸Σ˵Ϊ˸лǼңԺǼҪˣȥæдһţķĹǰˡ
Ͽû
ҲΪˣֲŴĵ׵ĶԷյһ˿ɡ
λСܲӦ
Ͼô˵ԷҲѽôͨ˺ء
գһʾ֪ˡ
ûãˡ
ΪдǷҪû

Ҳûҿ̫ˣҲŷӦòẦ
Ƿ¶һ𣬱ϾǰҲˣȻ֪˼о࣬ı죬ҪǺ·գ򽻵
һ֮Ŀſðһֻˣ
Ҳ˵ϻֱӿżɽĿ˵ˡ
ֵסˡ
˴򽻵뷨ûУ˵˴ˡ
Ȼڣ˵Ҳˣϣû̹ȾȻԽ۸Խߣȷ˵ʮʮ׵ģͰ˰һʮʮ׵ģһǧһһͷóɶ೤ܲóɶ೤Ǹɴͳһհ˰һչˡ

գķĹ߻̫ԶˣʱҿҾ˾ֱڹֿСʱֻҪÿüһͷŵֿȻҾ˾ÿȥС

գˣǹ̫ʹֽɣʱҾ˾ٸһʲôĶֱС

գأ
⻹
ûһֱûп𣬾ųɾǲԸ¡
̲סҡҡͷ
Ҳʱ򣬺ͻȻһٷɿǹôƣͷǲɱػһЩ϶кġ
һ㶣ȷ
ôˡ
һ룬˵ûϵﲻһѷǳıһأֻǱһ£ϵֱɢ߰˰ˣҾãǰѱݹˮϴһϴҵͷ˵ܰȫˡ
գͦпԵġ
Ȼˣ˰һչۻ̫ˣϾû취ṩƷͷֻҪİһˣʣµİ٣͹ıкˡ
һҪǲǧͷԲݡ
ʱһİ٣ʮǧһٽ򡭡ǧһˬ
Ů۾˲͸ˡ
˲䱻ķգҲС
˵ʲôһεĿˣʵһкۣܶеŮĶУ
գ
ջ˵ʲôأһӣйɡ
֪ͷͺԽԽ࣬һٷٻõҲʹ꣬Լٷгһֱ
ϳɵ췢˵ͷȻԵͬʱܳκ͡ȾɫĴ˼ٷһֱǼٷҵгֱһԪ
л˵ͷΪõģԴȫٷгϵĳ
ԾĹٶ࣬ҲԵ¡
ʱˣﻹ˵϶ԷյĿ־壬ǰס˷յ֣֣صӦģǵʱһúùȡľ˾ȫ³
գ
콣

㲻˵õĲͨ˴أ
ԼϡͿͱ˵ˣ


198 
ȷӦ˹⡢ôһ£
С, ˶ɵˡ
ôҲ벻׾ôӵʱ䣬úõһӦүͷգִᣬôͱپҵֳˡ
գ
֮ǰæķ, ǰЩ
Ͱ֮ǰ򵥵ظ˵һ顣
ΪʲôͻȻô
룺Ҫȥʱ˵ˡ
ſھӦȻռŲ, һЩʲô, Ӧңоһ壬һһСİǿˤˣȻǿҵĴУҲ֪ǿȻ, ǵʱ֪һ㣬ԾͰΪ͸衣
ʮ֮ǰ, ҾѾʼ, ֻҸԼһԣ˵ʮ֮ǰܳͷͻ֮ǡ
ǻʦ֮һ
ϵĺˡ
һ˵оˡ
ЧȻҲܲ, Ϊ˵Ļ֮۾˲ˡ
, ص˵ͷ
ȻڳȴĪŴ, һһѾӡ
תͷķտһĻֱסˡ
СȷӦ̲סһǸ, С˾ˣʵϵĺ
գ

ŵҲһڼϵĺ𣿡
⻰Ҳ̲סһ, ̫˵ԼĺأԣǸ㶮ġ
ҪҸոҵʱز죬ҪǲԼһ˴죬ͱصĵͷ߸ˡ
ˣǾ͸óˣΪǲԻž
ں˵˵ţЩϵˣЩϵˣϤҵˣҲͶΪϵĺˡ

գ

ⲻҪģҪǣҼȻϵĺȻҲͲˣҲ˵
˲Լͬתͷ˷ա
ⲻ
Ӧʱ˵ʲôϵȻϵĺҰ׵Ĳ׵ҰⲻǵĨǵĹϵǿһٱ𣿡
ŷӦûû
ԽԽ˵Ļе£ǵ۾ʱҲˡ
ҪǣôﻹõٺӦҵ˵
ڷһıµôģȻղ˵ҲͲˡ
ҲûǰķոͲǵ롣
Ͼշյ˵ڴ֮ǰǵǵ棬䣨С㣩Ĺлˡ
趼ûлôܻء
뵽ʲô˵۾ʱˣ˳תƻȻˣǲǿԳûӦ˵һ١
Ҫ֪Ӧ֮ǰΪ˴ѹǣһͷչһࡣ
ȻȶҳĻԴΪʲôûһЩͷӦأ˳ٺݺݵ׬һʡ
⻰ڳ˵עȻ˲ͱתˡ
⡣
̲סӡ
˭Ƥء
˵Ҳܲ
һʱ֮䣬˶
Ҳʱ򣬷յֻˡ
绰ģ˵Ӧϸ磬ӦǸ˲ˣ˭
󲻵ȷջشֱ˵˾Ȼͳ칫ҵΣֹ
ͳ칫ҵΣ
üͷһ
Ӧʲôʱֲĸ߹˹ϵ
˵רȥһ£ֹ֪ǰﰲ浵ıѣƺһֱӦҲ֪飬ﰲȥʱר͹Ȧ
ΪϵֹŻӦӦҰƽⳡ˾
ֹҲǰ׳ֵģ˵Ӧ׼Ͷϰݺɽзֱһҵ԰ֹھг
ӦѪڸֹ
Ͼ֪ݺɽжǽ̫ͨﵼ¾ñȽĳУôǮн칤ҵ԰˵׬Ǯˣܱܲ˵
ԷҲûж룬ϾôǼֹ̰ͼӦҵǮƣԲŻӦǱΪ顣
ڸô죿
⻰һԵҲ̲סüͷ
ȻԤϵ˸Ӧҳ˵λ϶̫ͣôҲû뵽˾Ȼͳ칫ҵΡ
֪һ룬˵ô죿Ȼ˭ҺùҾҲùˡ
⻰˵תͷա
ʶΪֱѧֶαȼֹ
˵֣ɲУϾֹվŵĿͳ˵֣ʦҾ͵һŹǡ
Ȼ÷յʵʦӵ֮£Ǳˣֻһˣʦҵӵܼǧˣν˫ȭѵ֣Էղܶùʦҡ
ЩҵȻ֪
°ֻͣǾãǸֹȻǾͳ˵ĵӱͲôɾ
˵ǰѾвĶˡ
ôһĻ˲;ùˣĶ͸ֱӰεŶԡ
Ҳ˵Ҫҵ֤ݵĻܹذ𣿡
ˣȻǽá
ʶ˳ŷյĻ˵˵ĺеҪôץ֤ݣҲڵĸλڵĸλϰôˡ
ֻ˵Զˡ
ȻתͷһԵĺ
ˡ
˲鲻֤ݣǹѽϾ֪سκεطһͷֲǣǼֱȻ̽
뵽̲ס
ȴֱӸһưˮҾƻ̫У룬װһˣΪ˱⾺ʹȡǼҵҵܣƽʱ÷Լװ˵Ǽֹôһﱾйˡ
Ҳ˵ûЩ˶أΪ߹٣й˻壬ǺܶʱӽǶѡ

˵۾˲ְ
ǷȴЦˣ⻹򵥡
һ鿨ܽ
⻰˵ˢˢתͷ˷ա
ЩٷҺüʴ󶩵ѾҪֲȥϢʹӦĶ

ӦƽʱٲЦʱҲ̲סЦ
Ȼˣ˵ԶֹЩΪⳡŲ˾ʵѾˡ
ȻͥԶԶûн
鶼ˣѵӦǻܷǵģ
ϾڸǳĿͳǰĺˡ
ǵĽʵѾ˶ˡ
ⳡ˾Ȼ䶨ˣֻӦնʮڡ
ʵϣҪʣµǵʲʵû취תˣʮڶָӦա
ӦΪѾʵˣʮа˾Żǻᱻ̡
ûϵǰŽ˼ǾͨϵԱҽ彫ӳ
ʱûҲûʲôˡ
ֻһ㣬ǾΪ˰ƽ飬ǻûһٶڰֹ޹ҵ԰
뵽ӦɫЩѿ
һٶڣԲʲôСĿ
ôҲû뵽ƾǵĹϵֹȻܿʨӴſڵ
ʲô޳֮ˡ
ӦüͷڸϵĶ΢΢һ١
ָ̧Ӧüͷʵôˣ
ӦŻع
һǿѹĵ׵ķŭ߳ܣûʲô
ˣٷŭҲûʲôˡ
ָԺܼżֹ˴Ӧɽء
뵽ЩĲ벻ӦɫҲһ̲סס֣һӡ
ǻδ䣬ͺˡ
룬ôΪһʱС⣬Ͱء
ҪǣֻһСǶѣô
תƻˣ˵ĸ
ֱӺ仯ûӦ֮ǰ˶ܲһţӦ֮󣬾߸ϵҪ֮
ϵЦûзһ㲨ţǰʱҲǴһ𣬵ʱյ̫ˣԺؾȻһЩСʱ顭
ӦϲľĶ£Ҫǣⳡ󲡣Ϊðȥ˾ͷõģʱȴûڹ˾Ϊ͵͵ȥдѧĽȥˡ
ҲЦ˵ҪҰæ𣿡
Ȼܾð


199 
Ҳʱ, Ӧֻˡ
óֻһ绰ɲչǼҼٷһҹϰġ
ӦⲻЩȣҵһԴߴ
绰Ǳֻ˵ǵ, ˵ӡǱ߹м, Ҫ𣿡
ΪڿչѾм۵, ɱ, Ҳ˵ƱҪСһǧ
Ͼļٷٹ󣬼ǧһ, Ҳûʲôϵ
ΪֻǼӹ, Ĵͷм̺;׬ˡ
֮Լһ֣Ϊڴ֮ǰ, Ѿˡ
ֱɡ
ӦҲûж, ȻҲЩҵǴҵôĴ󵥡
ӦȱľǮ, ˳һδοϣȴֻһδϣζ
绰Ǳߵصõġ
Ӧֲͨĵ绰, ԸҸ׵̽һĸ
˵֮꣬ǰ˵ز飬ͻȻе, ˳ٸżõͨ档
⻰еЦ˼֡
ӦôҲû뵽ǣû, Ǽҹϰִ绰˵, ҵһԴ, ߴ
ôࣿ
Ӧüͷ̲ס
ΪԭΪھܽ, ڻȥǮ쳬ԤһˣȴǺúõġ
˵ɡ
֮ζҪġ
ֻһ㣬ܼҵôĻԴʮа˾ڱǡ
Ҫ˭ðŵӦҺͳ칫εķգҡ
˵ȥһ飬ҵôҵЩԴ
Ǽҹϰ壺ǡ
Ӧû뵽ǣ磬Ͳˡ
ô죿
ӦЩȣ¶һ˿Цݡ
Ͼûĸϰ岻ϲЧʵ¡
ֻǼҹϰȴû˿ļ͸һɾţ˵ҡҴϵĺ񡢺ǸMļٷ˾𿨹˾֮ǰôʵ˾ˡ
˵ʲô
Ӧɫһ䡣
Ǽҹϰ壺֮ǰǻǮǼʵһͬ𿨹˾ųġ
Ҫ֪ΪǼǰǻ˽ڡ
飡
Ӧֱӽеֻݺݵ˵ϡ
ͷβŪڹ֮УҰˣת
֪ܹôͲ飬ʮа˾ҹųϢ
ǵĿҲԶΪ˳
Ϊǣĸ߰Դ
鶼ˣҾȻҵ
ǹȻǲײĲˡ
ӦֱץһԵͨĵ绰ҧгݵȥ˰ֻ֡ʲôֵȫȥһˣǸҺúùչҡǸ𿨹˾취úذǵĻȫ

һߣ˶˱̲סЦ
˭뵽أһ㲻ϸ⣬ǴӦ׬˽һڡ
Ҫǣǻ˳Ǹ𿨼ٷ˾һʡ
Ǻ𿨼ٷ˾飬Ƕ׫ģҪΪǵĻԴϾܸܲӦǣǵͷİɡ
ΪʲôҪ˳𿨼ٷ˾һʣȻΪ˾ǰûٿǡ
֪MĿǰķƷгԼռгİٷ֮ʮ𿨼ٷ˾MҼٷ˾֮һ
ֻŻļٷʼȫЩMļٷ˾ɱܵ˳Ϊռݶǿʼعٷҵ
ݵһǰ𿨼ٷ˾Mٷ˾ͨHEJĽʱ̧߷ƷҵƱյٷ˾ڻԭϣȵԭϵļ۸ߵʱǱ㿪ʼĹƱɵʱԭϵļ۸ֱӱ֮ʱһļٷ˾͹ֱƲǾͿʼٽ뻪Լļ۸չЩƲļٷ˾͹
ڻʵۺļҼٷ˾һЩM˾ķֹ˾
ʲôһ˫ˣ
ܲ
˴绰ǣһĹ˾˵ϢʱϵЦݶûм°֡
Ǹ˵Ļںء
ˣǸֹڵĴ󲿷֤
˷鿨˲üֱҪ̫ɡ
Ǿֱһ꣬ѹ׵˱»ûʹأǾȫˡ
ȻֱӰռ֤ȫ˳˵ֹʮ䣬ְ֮㣬ܻ¸Ϊڳ̡زǨ̿˾иƵṩܶʮڡ
ھжʮһ׷ںа׷M״Լ¼ڲܻߴ͸ߴ354Σܻ߷ʽֽܹƱԭʼɡһԪӵȡ
ǰʮŸ鸾ϼҴľһԺӣһǧ˰ƽʱһ˸鸾ϼҹꡭ
ĴӼںҲûкõĶȥ
ô򵥵飬ȴǻôʱ䣬ȫΪֹһҵ֤̫࣬ռ̫鷳
˵̲סս˫ȭ
ϾҲˣ̰ʹ޲ġ
ʲôͻȻСȥſյĿҲ˸
գôˣ
Щ֪˵˵
գֱ˵ˡ
Ǻǳһһ뵽ڳ˶ӦյݣҲͰЩȫ׵Ժ
Ȼֱ׳һףֹ˵ӣﰲҲ֮һǽ֮ǻһֱ
ӦҲҰ֣ӦҲ֪ԼݣΪһΣӦשϵϵļֹ
ϵЦ˲佩סˡ
Ժ˲ֻʣһ仰Ӧﰲ浺ͼֹҰ֡
飡
еĲ豭ֱӾͱˤ˵ϣ˲ķѡ

ڳҲۡ
Ϊһ飬ǾӦӦϵĶӣӦѾӦˣҲӦնӾˡ
ǸСǹģһǹġ
Żع
һʱ䡭óֻһϢҺòңӦⲻҵӣﰲ浺ͼֹ˽ӡ
ԲһյϢ֮󣬶۲ѵĻֻ֮
ӣڳһһ㶡
ô£ô÷շеˣ
ôܣ
ԾǷܵĴ̼̫󣬵ʧˡ
뵽Ǹˡ
գ˵ô죿
û뵽Ӧ⾹ȻӦյӡ
Ͼԭﲢûᵽ飬֮󣬾ûӦ⡣
˵ҲǣϾԭӦһ·˳˳ˮҪ󵽼ֹȥȻҲͲع⡣
ֱ˵ֱӰЩ֤ȫųȥɡ
ȻӦǸֹôҪˣҪǲֱǳԲµЩȱ¡
ˡ
˵ˣǵð߾ӦһҲ˸ˣϾϵڣӦҾĴϼּҴˡ
ΪӦڿǷˣȻͱִˡ
ˣ


ӦҪ֪飬ֻǻᱻѪ
ϾǲϧӦոӷĿҲҪӦպﰲһ𰡣ﰲĸȴӾʲôɱģˡ
ⲢҪҪǣô÷ĺܸأ
ڶ磬Ӧһȥ˾̽Ӧ˳㽫Щ淢һһ㱨
˵ҴĲҵѾ⣬뵽첻ӦеزӣӦ̲סƴЦã
Ҫ֪Ӧң˭ֻһ³ǾǼ
ӦϵЦݺͬһޡ
뵽ʱǰѹǰδظǸǣҲҷӣϵЦݸӵĵˡ
ʲôӦЦŶˣǱҪźãҪǼΣҲô׵ؾͰƽ飬ӦԺ߶ԶɾȫĹˡ
Ӧ治ɫ֪ġ
֪һ룬Ӧͳ˽һţӦܣˣˡ
Ӧĵ绰


200 
عķܼ, ǽЩ֤ݣͬӦպӦ⡢ӦͼֹӼһµЩ˾Ĺٷ˺ŷ΢, ȻôӦ׬һǧ, һˮֱӽ鳴ѵһ
΢ֱӾըˡ
жʮһ׷ںа׷״, Լ¼ڲܻߴ͸ߴ354Σܶʮڡ
һ׬ǧ, һ, ʮʮ򡭡Ҳ˵Ҫ׬ʮڣл²ǧ갡
, 裬ȥԱ, Ǽܷܲ¸Ϳˡ
ֹǰʮŸ鸾ϼҴľ, һԺ, һǧ˰ƽʱ, һ˸鸾ϼҹꡭ
ֹĴӼǰĸ鸾, һ鸾ڷֹּȻ鸾֮һ֮¾вڣ˵ڲ鸾ϵȥٱܻ¸ҸŮϵھһ, 鸾ԺһôߣҲ鸾ֿһݣֱɱըǸ鸾
ֹʮŸ鸾ܴŰ˸鸾һؼҹ꣬˼ĸ鸾ƽⲻˣֻ˵ְְֻ֡
˵Цˡ
ͼֹ⸸ȣЩʮ̰ʲôء
ѹ귴ҹָȴȫŵһٶԭ˶Щַˡ
Цͳȥ׵˵ҹЧ
Ǻǣͳ칫Ӧͳ˰ɣ˵̰ôǮͳ֪ܲ
٣

ȵȣǲҷʲô
쿴283ҳʲôϣ

ҵӦҾǽֵĹˡ
ұʾû顣
ԭ˵ֹҴǰǾȻԹϡȻʶһҳϿt㡣

˾֧ӦӦѧסֹּ֧Ӧѧס
ӦʵǼֹҰ֣
ǻǵ֮ǰСϢ˵Ӧ֮ӦΪӦոһ˽ӽвĵλһݸӦ˾ҩ
гֵɻɣԣǶ϶Ӧ⵱ʱ϶֪ӦյĶӣͼֹҰ֣Ϊ˱ݱ֮󣬱ӦҰ̳ȨһݣɴӦա
ˣ
ӦգװֲˣΨһĶӸֱӾͲԼˡ
ֻһҳ¿ѽ
ӦͼֹЭ飬Ӧʰڼֹĵط޽һҵ԰ֹƽӦյĹ˾ұָ֤ӦյǮʮԪԼӦ֮Աҽ彫̳
Ҿ˵ⳡ˾˶ôûн᰸ԭĸ·ˡ
Ҿ˵ӦңӦȴܲһ˿һٶأԭΪ֪Լˡ
Һget˳Ծ·Ǿȹţ˽ӣȻ˽̳ļҲ˳ѹե˽ȥӡ
ⲨǺӦڵһ㣬Ӧͼֹڴ㡣
Ϊʲôֹڵĸλԭѧѧˡ
̰ܻߣҸŮϵɱˡ
Ǻǣ
ô֤ҾͿ׼ôּˡ
һ1
ֹ̰۵ʮڡ

ͳͳ칫Ժϴˣ
ϢھǴѧݽļֹѧüϯ̨ϸˡ
ã

ҾͲһˣҲһ֪ӦǸʲô飿
ǵ֮ǰӦҵ鱬ʱǻڳӦ
Ҳ֪Ƕˡ
ЦӦⶼӦӣӦĶ


Ӧ۾˲˲ͺˡ
Ժ˲ֻʣ仰һӦﰲ浺ͼֹҰ֣һ仰Ӿˡ
ﰲ浻
СӦеģС
Ҫʲô䣨С㣩˫ַϡ
ΪϧӦոӷĿ
ΪƵжӦаûȢҼٶˣҲûŪһ˽ӡ
ﰲӦͼֹйһε顣
ﰲ浾ôرģ
ѾĻͼֹϾϵȴһֱͼֹ
֪Ӧⲻӣͼֹ֣ȴİõ飬ߥӦգתӦ̳ˡ

뵽Ӧ۾˲ĶܵѪˡ
ˣǸˡ
ʱ˿̣׹
ˣФ㣨ĳˣѾˣҲ֪Ѿˣȴ̹Ȼѳ֮ãΪ
ƨĴã
뵽Ӧҧء
һз֮ɷһи֮˽ܣǳĺĵļʲô
ﰲôһ֪ܣĹεŮ
Ӧ⡪
ӦӦҩ飬֪ġ
ʱȴѡ޶á
ǰԸӦذѼֹźá
뵽Ӧֻǰһڣ
һߣӦҲֻʣһ뷨Ǿˣ
һܣⲻܡ
Ҳ֪Ѿִƣó֤ô֡мֹԼдµ˱Լܻ¸ʱ¼ΪƽϢߣҲһᴦֹġ
ֹҪǵˣӦҿɾˡ
һ仧ôѼôļֹ֤ġ
뵽Ӧ۾Ҳˡ
˵Щʲôã
֮ǰȶѹֻҪ̬˵黹תء
Ͼֹڵĸλ϶Ҳ˵ġ
ֻҪЩ˿ϳ֣δزȫˡ
뵽Ӧ⵱Ը飺죬ȥϵˮذѹȥ
ʲôͳֻǰδ޵ĵ绰
ΪʱûбȷųһЩǵŰԣתڵעˡ
ǰδ޼ǿֹ˾ģֵȱľǵǡ
ֻҪǼҿϰæǾѾɹһˡ
ܿ죬绰ͽͨˡ
Ӧһϲ֪ڣǰδ޾˵ˣӦ⣿ȻҸҴ绰
ӦĵͻȻһɲ
Ȼһ룬ǰδ޼˵ôҫһ˽ӵ𣿡
˭뵽أȦݵӦԣүȻǸ˽ӣүȷǸү
ȵȡ㲻ǰæİɣ
ۣӦ⣬ƾʲôϸոմǵǻϸŰ㣿
ƾƾ㹻𣿡
ʧˣǲ㣬ǻ׼˾еǶȥתҵ΢ԣҵļүϲ㣬ȫˡ
ˡ
ӦĿѣ˵ֱ꣬ӽֻݺݵˤ˵ϡ
ǲӦһ룬ӦŭĿгݵҲ
Ӧǰδ޵Ļڻع
Ф㣨ĳˣˣﰲҲˣӦȴĺúõء
ҪЩˣҲ䵽³
뵽ӦеĹȣֱӾͳӦԴ˹ȥ
飡
˴ĵһ˲䣬ƿˮ˲˳
˷ܲѣ磬աôõӣһҪһһúõףһ¡
ã
յ˵
ΪڸղţǱϢ˵˵淢֮ӦֱӾ͸ӦӦһȸӦ⿪˸ưӦݣֱӴӦһȡ
ʲôǹҧˣ
ܲ
ǸǸ˵黹ںء
ͬԤϵóЩ֤ݱӲòУЩһ³˲ͱ˶塣
۵ѹ£ھǴѧμݽġ֪Ϣ֮׼ѵļֹû߳ǴѧĴţ˾ͱץˡ
Ϊ飬ͳϵ˲½ʮ㡣
Ϊת
ȥ죬ֹ˵оˡ
ֹ³Ȼ˵ѾˣҲҲȫ˹
ӣһɱ˵ĸһִ̲УһǱͽ̡
ȻˣֹЩлߣ𺦹ҺҲͬɶֻΪ̫࣬һʱظЩ˵оʱû
ֵôͳЩҲҲ˵ϣ˿и
Щ˵³Ҳ֪
ȻǷպӦҵİˡ
Ժ쵶ն飬ܿ죬оҲˡ
ͬԤϵӦɵļҲ
аӦϰٷ֮ʮĹɷݡ
Ϊ⣬һԾӦĹɶ
ֻô飬ӦϵĹƱѾˮɲֱֹȥ϶Ѫġ
Է룬ֱӰĹƱ͸ңֻҪҰЩɷݵԺÿ֮һķֺ죬ٸ֮һķֺˡ
Ȼ˲ѡ
Ͼζҵתͣƾյһĳͻ˾ܲ
ҼӦϵϢȥĵ죬ӦϹƱֱͣˡ
ӦӦ⣬Ӧд˶ʮͽ̣ҲΪһȱӦˣҽԺֲ˹ǰڣԻ뵽˱ҽ
һʱ֮Ҳ֪Ǹ÷ŭǸͬ
û뵽ǣӦȻҲӹһ١
Ϊڻ¸ֹʱûʲôֽϵ֤ݣҼֹΪ˼̷Щûʲô֤ݵȫʸڷˡ
ȻϵϵļֹİȴӦӼ֤ȷ䣬ӦҲֻᱻΪӷ෣һǮиһ꣬ʮа˾Żһ̣ûʵûʲô
ԷҲûвӡ
鵽ﵱȻûꡣ
֪ӦⲻӦӣҲѾӦַ֮ӦҵЩϵͶ˼̳Ӧҵע⡣
ϾձӦȻշɵļҲӦҲһٶء
ǻߥӦӦ˷ͥҪӦеĲƲ
֮ǰӦΪ˰Ӧڹ˾վȸţӦǰٷ֮ӦϵĹɷݡ
ԭΪӦӦⶼûеõԼӦõ³߿ѵ˼״˲ͺ˲١
ϾҧϷ룬ǰٿᡣ
Ų鵽Ǹһˡ
룬ɧšˣӦѾ׼˰ɡ
ʱȥֻСèˡ
ҪǣʱĵڵѾָ״̬
ȻˣŵĴ󱦱⡣
Ͼϵëʵ̫ˣܵһһΡ
ʱȻȴ󱦱Ҫˡ
Ͼأûгôء
ҪǣгֵɻⱲ֮ԻᴩӦգΪϸ44Ӱ磬Ÿɴ0ˡ
ȻˣȷӦÿһˡ
Դ󱦱ŵҲûʲô


201 
뵽, յóֻһϢ
˾Ǵˣп, Ԥ˵ܲһȥ׺ӵô
ᳵ·شֻ鿴Ϣ󣺡
ڣ
Ǻ
ûзҴûлظ
һȥǲܣⱲӶܵġ
ϾҪ˵ġϾҲ֪, ӦԼϢҪǴȥǼҾԻΪЦ
Ȼڷյɧ, 񲢲񡭡
Ȼ, Ϊ̫, ȻӦղһĲ, ͬķԵʡ
ϾعӦյһ, ĸ, ׵ֽۣų, ϥ½еһҲźͨĲϢ
뵽, ̲סҡҡͷǿԼҪȥ
ΪԼҪȥ, ˵ֻ᷺ͬ, Ȼ̲סӦյ롣
һô, һߺһݿǩԼĴ
ȻҲӷյʱ, ԷֿʼϢˡ
ûʱ𣿡
󣺡
ͻȻķе㱰΢ô£
һϵ򹷡
򹷵Ļ, ʲô

󣺡
ͻȻ飡
ΪͻȻһֱظյϢ, ҲڷյΪеŷյӡ
֪һ룬յһϢͷ˹Ҫ쵽ſ㣿
󣺡
󣺡
󣺡
Ȼ֪ûʱ, ѵֱȡг
ҼſڽңѵҾʱˣ
ŷӦ
ӦճԹαԹķ࣬ô֪ܲһ㡣
ʵĿĸвӦ룬Ͱͱĸ
󣺡
ΪǸ򹷡ޣȷɫ񹷣
ĵ׵˲һɨգȡ֮ޱߵķŭ
һһô
Ķ䶼ˡ
ƫƫڸ벻ʲôõİ취ʰǸһ
һţ鷢ġϰ壬ȥڷɻ϶ԲѷҵˣҪҪҼ˴ǵȡϢһ߸ɾػһš֡
ô죿
ֻҧһ䣺ãϰ˵㣬ֱ׺ӹ԰ſڼС
˵ֱ꣬ӹҶ˵绰
ȻԽԽ鶼ûˡ
Ȼֱ뿪˹˾սԱߵһҴ̳haרһװȥܶ콢һȥ̳һ˫ƤЬҲô䣬ۻزܶ콢һ
ЩҲ侲
ȥǲеġ
ںһ֣ǼһƱػôһ֡
ֻһȥҪ˭ܱ֤Ժ󲻻ֵҪ󡭡ѵʱҪЭ
հ˵ܷյʱ᲻һ֮ƹˤݣȻ鳹ִ
𣬴ҪˣܱһֱɧŻҪҪǿ
⻹ֻĽһδ֪ûⷽ뷨֮󣬾Ըأ
ȻֿԼ͡
뵽ڴ⡣
ǵڶ죬ʹװϵƤЬ׺ӹ԰ſڡ
ֻʮӣûеա
Աߵ·ˣŮӶ͵͵ͣפԶĵط
ҴΪ̫ǵżڲסʱʱؾһЩڡ˧ܡ֮ĻĶ
ˣüͷҲˡ
ȻʵûеԼʱ䡣
ǲЩɣǸһ׷
ԼȻ
ҲʱӭͻȻ߹һˡ
˺һһͦװﻹһεõ廨
ҲͶʮ߰˵ӣüں䣬ͦ촽ᱡٺһ͸һ˵Ƿ˧
ûؼӿٶȡ
һפΧ۵ŮӸ̲ס˵ݣ˭ҵѣ˩ͷųˡ
󣺡
ΪȻ
Ϊ˼ֱϲóġ
ֻ˿е죡
գգۡ
Ҳڴʱߵǰ
ͻȻһ
Ȼ۾˲͵Բˡ
⡢ôôǸһ
һ룬˾Ͱеõ廨
˿Ļֿ˿ˣ۾գˡ
û˩ҵġ
ԣĶѣ
ǲԣֱ𣿣
ţһϤĶ˺ܾ˰ɣʵõģֻ˺ü꣬ûҵõ廨Բˣϣԭҡ
ʶֿ˿һεõ廨
õ廨ȷͦÿġ
ԵȻѡԭ
ȵȡ
ⲢҪҪǷյ
˾ȻǷգ
󣺡
ôܣ
䶼ˡ
ŷգ۾ӡ촽һ֪ܺףԡ
Ķ˲ͺˣ˿ȷеӦյķ档
ѿڶ㣬ôˣ
ǰһﻹǸ塪
̲סЦʵϲ𣿡
ô
Īּӿ˲١
Ȼ󲻵ش𣨽Ʊ磩ԱΧ۵ŮŮ
Ҿ˵ɣôÿкôûϹأ
ڹx߰ܣȮxķܡԣʵкòһģͶˣ
죬ֻغãһţҪŵֻ

󣺡
Ķ˲ضγˮˡ
ΪҲ֪Ӧտ϶ҲЩ
Ȼ󲻵Ӧձ֣ˣǽȥɣ
󣺡
ܵȣĿʶؿ˹ȥȻ˲һƬհס
ˡôڴ֮ͥ¾ǣ֡
գȻôɵرǣŽ˹԰
ֱհѵøƯ͵ݸŷӦ
ʶҪȥȻ˵һƬݵأҸոսˮҪǲȥʮа˾Żˤµʱ᲻ֱ˽һ
󣺡
æվ塣
̲סԺԲһ˵Ǹ棬ȻϺòȥ糺˲ִ
һʱ֮䶼֪ôźã֪ò
ֱԼλϣҽ˺ü֮ŷӦ
ô£
ǹͷ̯Ƶ
ôӣ
̲ס˿Աߵõ廨ֿ˿̫б²ڷķյĲǺߣ̲סֱ
ǰǰ˲Ӧա
˲ַӦ˹
ƫƫӦա
Щʧ
Ȼ֪Լĵ׵ʧ״Ӻζ
Ҫ鲻
ҧ¶˾ġ
Уȥˡ
Ȼϸһϵļƻ⣬Ȼ󲻾ɵз棬ίܾա
뵽󳹵侲
ҲʱһͻȻ˹ֱӾͰߴ˷Ǳߣͷյ߲һ
״۾˲ˡ
ⲻл
ûڣ˵ѹôʱˣһ㶼ûеԭǵŵأ
˵ţüͷһֿͣ˿ű߿յ㻤
ͳдԵͺһööһ˲ըֱӾͰըˡ
󣺡
󣺡
󣺡
⡢˭ס
ۣ
޴ͣ˶ˣ
ˡһͨɣ


202 
һ, ﻹǵʲôƻʲôһҪͷջޡ
ֻʣһ仰Ǿѹ赱ϲӦա
ֱ˵һ䣺ٲ, Ҿˡ
˲
ŵؿŷ, һôôḡĻҲ˵ó
Ϊ㷽Ҫ׷Ҳǵڶμ氡
ŵʶһһŲĲƺϣŽһ, Ȼǰ˳ȥ
һ, ֻʣ֣Ǿˡ
ͬһʱ䣬պǰȻſ֡
һ룬ֱ˽˷ջ
ĳԵĺɶɺһ󣺡
ںͷе˵Ķ䣬̲ס, һֻҲ漴§ɲܹ, ѹġ
󣺡
ֻԼ˶Ҫըˡ
ߵģ
⹷, ⹷ôôᡪ
ڵ˭ڵ˭
ԼͨͨԳٵ, Ǳץ֮ᱻֱӿʮ, ǧ, յ֡
ǿץסһ˿ǡ
Уܾôݽյ
ϾӦտĳˡ
ҪǴȥǼһôˣ
뵽, ˫ֵǰҪƿա
ֻǲ֪Ƿһֻ§§̫Ե, Ϊոܵ˾ֽԵ, ô, ûܰѷƿ
ɴҲ͹˲Щ, ֱ̧ͷŷգҧ˵Ӧ壬ǵ𣿡
üͷһǵ𣿡
󣺡
У࣡꣡

Ҫɣ
ǵꡣ
ԡ
㱻մˡ
󵱼üŭĿĳˣձ֣ҵ壡
۾գһµģţʹĸˡ
󣺡
ǵ͹⹷˵Ƥ
ʹĸһ
˼˲ƫ
ʣһ˿ǻڣԺܿͷӦ˹
Ȼֱմƫˡ
߳ŭͲģ׷ҵ鴫ȥ֮󣬻Ϊ˵Ц𣿡
ֻǵͷЦһû˵
ԣֱĿڷյʾ䵽ߵ֮󡭡
⹷˷˵Ƥġ
󣺡
ͺ
ֻʹɱˡ
뵽ҧгݵǸֱУϲˡ
ͻȻЦˡ
Ȼ˵а˿鸹ܵ𣿡
յЦλ۵ʶصͷڷСϵ֣Ȼ󡭡
˵ͦӲġ
ĺ˲伱֡
Ȼ˵ָô
Ʈ
˵꣬ͻع
Ȼ۾˲ֵԲˡ
ʲô
˲࣬͵̧ͷա
ôҲû뵽Ϊ˹Ȼɫһжʹˡ
Ҫ
Ȼ˷ЦЦĿ⡣
Ŀ·˵⣬㻹˵ֱУ
̧ͷ˿գֵͷ˿Լ֡
ǰֱ
ʲô
еĲ̫һ
󣺡
˶ɵˣ
ô뿪Ĺ԰ôǣĲ֪
֮عʱ򣬾Ϳհ㻤ݸһߣõȥˡ
˲ֻһ
Ȳ˵Ȼ˵գ͵ﰡڡ
Ͼǲ𻹶㲻
뵽תȾҪܡ
֪ʱӦ⾹Ȼô
Ц˵ôתһȦǲ˺ܶࣿ
ӦüĿҲȾһ˿Ц⣺š
뵽ʲôԽºͣҪлл㣬רƵôĹҳ
ҪǣˣҲɶ벻
뵽ͷһȣ̲סס֡
״ֻ˵ЩӦġ
ϾҪǾôֱһߵӦ⣬ɾʵԼֻӦһۣʱ֪жšϷ塯仰
෴ɸӦߣȦЩȻӦ⣬ǶĸйȴĹ˲٣塣
ԼӦˣȴϴˣΪ⣬ӦⲻǰˣȦȴԴԴ˸Դ
Ͼ˭᲻ϲ˴򽻵ء
ҪǣӦȻˣӦϵĶ£ҶʮڡвӦ͸ǰٷ֮ӦϹɷݣΪ֪ⳡ˾Ӧ䶨ˡ
Ӧ֮ԻʣôǮΪӦϵЩ꣬һֱڱ͵͵չӦϵĹɷݣʱҪĿǾܻøĹɷݣӦӦϵĻȨû뵽ȴľݡ
ԼӦˣҲġ
ҲΪʲôӦⲻ벻Ҫԭ
ȻˣЩǲܸӦġ
Ҳʱ۽ǵ⿴˲Զ
ӦӦѾ˳Ŀ⿴˹ȥ
󡪡
Ӧɫޱ䣬ôҲû뵽
뵽ʲôæ˦֡
ϵЦ˲͵˲١
ɫȴֱӺȥʶתͷ˷ա
ȻӦҲתͷ˹
󣺡

ע⵽ĶӦҲ˳Ŀ⿴˹ȥһ룬ͫһ㡪
ѿڶӦգ
ϾӦͬһ˶ʮ꣬ôϲӦյӡ
ӦôͻȻˣ
ԴˣӦĵһӦǣӦȥˡ
ΪҲܽΪʲô֮ǰͥӦһζûеԭ
û뵽Ӧһѣô
ţԼˣܹŮ˰ɡ
Ҳ룬ôһˣʱԸŵŮˣͼǮʲôûɫ
˵ѾǸˡ
õô⳥ô󻹲Ҫ˱ˡ
ȻǷĿԶôĶǳ
뵽Ӧ⿴յĿ˲˶ͳ
ʵֻ鷳԰е鶼ʦķգ
ⲻ
ӦĿ⣬ЦˣȻֱһƿϹšƿֱ֮
˰ɣȵϡ
󣺡
˵Ҳ֪մʲô⡣
ΪֲɵÿӦӦرǿңôܻ᲻֪Ӧ˼
һӦڵı飬Ҳ֪Ӧʲô
ԷշӦĹߡ
뵽˲ͺˡ
ƽľǱá
Ȼ󡭡ֱӽӹ˷յݹϣڣĩˣɰͰ˵һ䣺лл
ˣڷôҵķϣΪѰһѺˡ
ռ״̲סЦ
Ȼ֪ŲܾǱſķǵӿɰˡ
ֱյЦλ۵󣺡
м͸мΪʲôҪЦ
һﻹʱ޿̲ڹ
һĻһ㶣вһĨ
ɫתͷӦ⡣
ȻӦѾڵĶγˮˡ
ŷԼеϣ˲սָ졣
Ӧչϵ˾Ȼ
˾Ȼ
ǵҵʲɱӦһҪһֹΪҼ̳ˣ̰ܲͼӦյǵǮɣ
ζʲôѾԶˣ
뵽Ӧ۾˲ͺˣ
Ϊ֪ϲȴѳԼǸֱУҲΪӦպĸǰйһεԭ򣬲ҽԼ¶ֻȥСǡ
תͺӦߵһ𡪡
ڵǲ˵ԼֱˣҲӦպĸйһˡ
Ӧᣬвܡ
ȴƫƫѡӦգ˿Ӧĳˡ
ȻȲӦ
ⲻǳʲô


203 
Ӧ޲Ŀ⽫̻˵, ̹ˡ
Ҳֻ̹˼ֶѣϾһʼûӦЩ˷, Դ, ĳɾ͸л֮ǰǼࡣ
뵽ҲûٴӦ⣬ֱתͷ, 󣺡, Ƚȥɡ
Լ·󣺡

ֻʵʵرǣȥ
ǣ뿪ıӰӦ۾˲͸ˡ
ˣˡ
ȥݺݵؽѵһ٣ֹ
ΪڵûͱҺҵӦտ⣬˵ˡ
ҲΪ, Żüӱĳͷŭ
Ӧ͵ս˫ȭ
һ졢һҪӦպ󸶳ۡ
Ҳʱ, ֻͻȻˡ
Ӧʶֻһ,
Ϣ鷢, ˵Ӧ, ĸҵ, ǾȻʦ֮һҵϵ󷿵϶򸾡
רȥˣϵҰ϶ļ̳ˣǴЩȫŮ
Ҳ˵, ҴΨһﱲĻ, ʮа˾ǻ̳ҡ
ǿʦ֮һ, ͳҲҪҡ
, Ӧͫʽ, һ͡
һߣ
ֱߣûѯ˼
󣺡
ɣֻ֪Ҫһ˲վԻôߡ
˸ղֱ˽ջĽѵڸҸտ顣
ҲϲٶȻ
ҷյĲ˾ȻϲģâꪣǴŹǣ㻹бţξ
źܿ˵ĲˣĴ̲ס
Ȼԡƹˤͷ
û뵽֮鷴
ҪǷȫڸвˣ̡Ȼڴ򲻹գܰѷյӶˡʹҲ͵Ǳ֮ǰһļ֮ˡ
ȻˣûʶظҲӲǾ͸ˡ
ƫƫ黹ֹһ
û뵽ǸյͣӦ
ֻһΣӦȴû˦֡
ˣûпĻӦ⿴ǵĿﲻû֮ǰķߺޣһ˿

Ӧڻʲôǣ
롣
ͬЩ棬ΪӦ̬ͻȻ˺ܶ࣬ղӦ⾹Ȼĵ֮ǰʧ̬ȻҵĽں׾ӣֻ˵ǿӦգ̫ŭź
оǣǰֻӦԷķݣղӦ⾹ȻϺһС
ӦԸ߰ɲӦֻΪӦһ̼ˣܷôı仯
뵽̲ס˳˼
ȴûٶ롣
ΪͲӦⲻپԭʲôġ
ֻһ㣬Ҫ˾ûΪﺢӳԴ绰һ٣治֪ôģͻȻ˴꣬ô򳵣ڶҲɾܾؼңǾ͸ˡ
ֻŴ˷յĳһĸʻ
ܿ죬һǰһ󿪳˵ͣ
ֻû뵽ǣӿһ룬ĶͻȻл
󣺡
ߴİԵܲ˲ˣ
ϾԵܲôֶأ
߳ܵ黹ں档
ΪȻֶ֪ӵ飬ֱӰѳͣ·ߵһҷſڡ
ȻֱתͷҪȥ𣿡
֪ʲôϾڶʱŲʺء
󣺡
ɱɣ
뵽ƹˤŶ䣬ֱƿţ˳
յһͻȻЩڿʣ±Ҳ˳˳ȻŶı˹ȥ
ͬһʱ䣬󷽵ĳӦһ߿һ
ڷ鲢еô̲֮סüͷ
ΪСֺˣӦܳ
̲סʵôˣ
Ŵӳ˼лع˸ɣûʲô˵ϼǱΪ⼸µرȽ϶࣬ǰ췢һˮ˺ܶط

Ӧһ˿Ц⣬֪Ĺ£ôƽ
Ȼ뵽ʲô˵ŶǵĸһҵķĹҪȥ
ǵĸܺãֻĸһҵ̫ãڹϸɻʱ⣬Ӹ¥ˤȥ
ĸҲڴܵȥҽƷѵ·ϳ˳˶Ϊѵʱȥˡ
ˣǵ⳥Ҳĸˡ
ΪˣʱϴѧŻںΪѧѵȦҳˡ
Ӧ֮ԼǵЩΪÿĸջյʱر䣬ΪüרųʱʱûҲΪ׼һЩϲ˸ˣһֻһͨ档
ӦĻֱӽһ˲ôһ˲䣬·𿴵ȥĸһѪ۵վڳ·ϡ
һ룬ػع񣺡á
ȻŷӦӦûз쳣֮ǰͽͿˣѾ绰ʹھˣ˵ҰĹͦõġôæôΪҼҵء
á
ӦȻûж룬ϾԭҲʵϼҡ
ɲŹôõһĸĻᣬס֣˵ԶôģҴ˰˱ӵĸôõѡ
ϣ
ֻǻû˵꣬ͷҲ
Ӧһ٣Ȼӵˡ
Ȼò԰ΣҲѡ֮󣬾ͼ
֪תͷһЩ顣
Ӧʶ֣㣬㡭
ȴ˲άԼӦеָŴ״㿴ûУ㿴ûУղ·վѪܵˡ
Ӧʶ⿴˿ȴʲôҲûпûа
æתͷ˴⣬ȷʲôûп
ѵղĴ
ӦǵģϾǸող飬ҾйҲܳ
뵽һ
ʶԼղŵķӦЩתͷӦ⣬͵ҡҸղֻ̫ˣΪ˵·ܶ¼
ԭ
ӦȻŽɣǿοû£㿴ˣϾɫô滹Ŵ꣬Ǻ顭
֪һ룬ͿѪģ۱䣬ɭɭ˵˵𣿡
ŶߴϤ͵ػعͷĿѡ
ǿɲ⻹ǵĴ
Ҫǣǵĳʻ֮С
֪Ǵĵǹ

Ӧ˲̬ȫޣķҲˡ
Ӻܿ·ҴаȫţҲһԴײ˳̨ϡ
鵽ﻹû꣬ܿ죬ǰͳһݡ
Ӧæ̧Ҫסɲ֮£ȴֱӲţֱӷһб£ײ˷ӵǽ
䣡
ӵǽײһ˲䣬ȫҲ˳
Ӧ˲ͷѪ
ţӾ˳бֻȥ
Ժ֮УӦؿƮ˹

ܰܰҵҪǻܵ
û뵽ɣǾȻˡ
ǳˮǵķĹˣҪȻǾҪѹǸطˡ
˵Թ˲䱩һ׶ߡ
йҧгݵһԲס㡪
㱻ҿ˼ңǼôǻʡԼð㸧ôҲһֱڰѰĸ
ŮҲ˵С岻ãͷ벻ˣֻһ߱㣬һµظɻһŷ˰£ʵòǮβˣֻȥѪǮβ
Ӧǿָһ˿ǡ
Ȼĸһڣ
ҡǳˮǵķĹˡʲô˼˵ĸķĹúõ
ôǵģ
йԹٴαǣڹϳ£һ̤˹ŹأϰҪˣǮĻ㣬Ųҽҩѡ
ܵǮ·ȴ˳ʱһڶǩ֣װΣȻֽڲ֪ǵпʱ䣬󺦵Ӳʱ䣬ǫ̈̄ϡ
ŮºС˰ѪöѾˣǼòôҽƷѣŸʮǮ㵱ʱѾһٶ⳥ΪʲôʮǮϽǣð۾Ϲˡ

˵Ů۾ױɺɫ˵ΪʲôҪô
˵ţֱĲӣֱذӳ˳
ӦѾˡ
˵ĸ⳥𶼱ĸŻҧˡ
ĸһھȻģ
Ҵڻ״̬˵ʱĳ
ΪʲôĸôĶ⣿
Ϊĸ춣СʱѧУûٱ˳ǼĸǼҪһĺӣˣ˵ƽʱȻϺŻһˮƽʵȴ̲סǵӸһ㡣
ΪʲôŲǩ֣
ΪĸʱȥȡǮʱǼֳ֮ԻΪ鼱֮´˺ƣսͨ涨ĸеȫΣһܻ֧һ˵⳥ǶĸܵҽƷҲǱˮн
Ҳ˵㹤Ǳ߻⳥һǮκãǼƱҪٱһʼʮϰǷծ
ĸκˣҲпܻ̱
ʱǸѧôôصص
οҪǰǮȫȥĸβѧô죬ô죬ֻһͨͨĴѧѣΪ˼ǧǮȥңҲÿѧУͼְ֮䱼
Ҳ֪ĸԩԺпܻữΪǣרŻʮǮ˸аǵķĹЩֽţǸסˡ
ôҲû뵽ղŪӦĻתۼ侹ȻʵֻһˮͰļƻȫˡ
뵽ͻȻˡ
֪н죬Ǯ֮󣬾͸˽Ǵңóźá
ھٺҲѾûˡ
ΪŮֱӴԺȡ뷨ȻЦˣҲԽļ񣺡ԭˣԭˡ
Ụأ㣬ǵĴ
һ룬Թֱӱһʧȥǣ
ɫ˲òҰ׵ٿųƮͬѾɥʧǵйӦԺֻʣ֣Ǿˡ
Ҳʱ洫ĶķϰԼպô˳
һл˺ҹ
Ƿϰˣˡ
һ͡
Ӧأ
ʶѰ˷յӰûзַյӰ֮һ
ȻתͷЩڷЩŵ˾ȻӦ֮תҪŷϰߡ
ոתͳˡ
ǱϾôˣǲǲ̫á
ǿӦ⣬뵽ӦµЩ飬ȺӦյЩ£˲ֲˡ
ǲӦҲʱǷһһ㣬е󣬾Ⱦǡ
⻰תͷ˹Цðû뵽ǾȻһͬ
ɫޱ䡣


204 
ͬʱ, Զһķϡ
Ź㲥ﴫġӭСĻǰŵһַԴ˵һǵˡ
⻰ԱߵŮ̲סЦʦ, ôˣγëûκأ
һ׺ϵҲ˵˵γĻ, ѧῪ֮Ͳ, Ҫֶȥԣ
˵, Ŀ˲ԹʮǰѾʼˣƶ, ΣһֱûʱȥȻΪʱ̫, ǰĿԳɼȥˡ
֪, տԿĿһĳɼౣ, ûпȫĿĿõգôĿһĳɼͻϣҪٿ
ڳˣ
һֿ֡˵ǵᡣ
ûʲô취ˡ
Ů˵
Ҫ־ֻܹǸˣǧܹ
˵£üͷ
һ˿ɶҵĹǸɣ֮ԳΪ˵ҡ
Ϊ֮ǰһ, ɲ˼ĺ䶯ϲ˾κˡ
Ͼһûĩ, Ȼһ־Ͱһ½߹ټ, Ϊһֵͳλȡ
ֶΣȻҲ, Ǿôɡ
ԾĳЩ˿ɲͻ
Ͼ׾ٵõּô֤, ôǲҲؾͰǲ׳죿
Żɹ, ǲǺайᡣ
ȻˣҵΪЩԭǾúܽġϾ˭ǸԹȺء
Ҽּˣ䵽³Ӧõġ
ȴôģǾڵĻŸոڷɣҪһģʱٷڼּ飬ĹĴϲҲĻ̻̣ʱƱػ֮СԶΪ˹ҵΪǾ̡
뵽Ů˵˲ɿһڸʻϱĿġҲǴе쵼ߵ
ȻֻһԭҪǣڼǰϱ˵гһ¹ߣЩ̾ĵطȻµһׯ԰
ʮа˾ĺаˡ
ΪˣЩ˲Ż
ʲôŮ˵ˣ˵ǸҴϸ;һֱϵĺˡ
⻰˵˿ڱͲ࣬ҪϵĺƣǾѾǽӻˡ
һȺҵĴٻҡ
ʱɲҳһĹϵ
ҪȻǶҵ˵һĴ
Ů֮飬Ϊ
ֻ˵ͷǻá
Ҳʱ򣬳ʻ
һ룬Ů˱ɫʻϵҲֱۣ壬ǰ
ǵԹ죬Ϊʵʡ
á

ߣ֮֮Ǹһس˹
ŷӦһţȻܿ侲
ֱֻӴȡһ鴮ֱһŴɫӡ
һ룬һߵ֮ĵط˲ͱ˳ȥȻֱӦĳϡ
ʱһ˲
˶һĻסˡ
ȷӦ˹ǿ˿Բѵֿ˿Թ˲ֱһײֹ

Ǽ˵ȻֱеӦɱ˹ȥ
ǿɲɵ֪ķȥӲӲǵϵשͳ˹ȥ
漴ǱضΪе⴮鴮ֿܹĹĴ޵ģڱ㿪ЩשĹԼ⴮鴮ʹô
һߣڵϵӦ⵱ŲҵĿ΢Щת֮ĵһӦܡ
ӵһ룬ͻȻ
ôҲû뵽ƽС⣬ʵϾȻǸЫĳĸ治ɫغ
ûټװΪĸһҵȻӶƭȥ飬Ӧֻθһӿ
Ҫܡ
һֳˡ
Ϊʦ֮һҵļ̳ˣٻȫˡ
Ҫǣָء
뵽һҧͷȥ
ǸˣҪˣʡĹ
Ӧš
Ҳʱ˷ͣ·ߵĳӣһϸԿ׻ڳء
ӦһϲӽȻֱӱ˼ʻ
һߣ̶ʮӵʱ䣬ͳ˼ʮֽмܵסϵ鴮ĹâԽԽҲı̨
ʶҪȣ۽ǵͿӦһţųֱˡ
һ룬űߵĳͷ񵶾˹ȥ
飡
Щͷཻ˲䣬е鴮˲仯Ϊ촷ۡ
һĻЩ˲ЦХУһ˵㣬Ӳˡ
йϵˣ
ųƮֿ˿¥ߵ̨ɫһס
Ҫ
뵽󲻽Щڡ
֪ôң֮ǰ͸ôӦյ׷ġ
ϾǹȻĹúÿѽĶĶϺ⡣
˵ʲôˡ
뵽ر˫ۡ
ͬʱҲڸ˹
ôҲû뵽ȥ˸ˮְǹúϰȥһúͳô顣
ſǵĳֱ˵ӦˣЦˣһӣһֱ̥ӾͱˣȻӾֱײһô
ŷһֱӷ̨ס
ʶۣǷգһ٣ĵ˲һ˵ĻϲȻڵĴ
ٿЩĿѾ嵽ǰˡ
󵱼Ҫƿգܡ
֪һ룬վ͵رڿգץ˲䣬һǰй
飡
й漴˳ȥȻк漴һɳ̨ݺݵ˵ԭӦ̨ϵϡ
ջ֮󣬸ûٿǣֱӽŻصϣʵôû˰ɣ
󣺡
ôô˧
಻ͨͨ
˵һʱƿա
ԺΪճʵأܿʹ̨ϵŷ˳
յΪǳ׼ŭǣһʱ֮䣬ǵҲױ˹ǺǶ
ɱǣɱǡ
˸Ϲʱ򣬿ľһĻ

ֻķһɲֱͣ·ϡ
ȴӳϳɫһ䣺ã⼸Ѿʧȥˣǡ
δ䣬˾ͷ׷׼
ȻֱӾΧȥ
һʱ֮䣬ԺɳʯǺǲڶ
Ϊ˵ʵ֮ϣĬԺܿռϷ硣
ٿǳֲ׺ݣԷչϴǰæͷ
Ͼ§һֲǸ
Զ֣ûһĹͱֱӴſˡ
Ǻ˲ʧ٣Ҳŷˡ
ֻסȻֱӰǷһ«
ˡ
˲ϵѪִۣ˵ȹܲԼָǣܵĻȥҼʦԣѹ֮ٶǽѶΪʲôҪˡ
⻰üͷһ
֮ǰ˵ЩʿܹŰ壬ǲʺûֱɱ𣬿ǰЩʿǶͦ
Ȼ˵һܣûͨˡ
˵꣬첽ŲԶײϵСȥ
ͷˣûˣɡ
ŻعȻŷԼſڷջ
ۣ
Ķ˲ͺˡ
Ȼæҵƿգվֱ塣
ΪϢһͨˣһʼûж룬ֱյģ֮ɫ˲ͱˣӦա
һߣҲڵһʱ佫ѾԹȥӦ˳
ֻڿϵһС֮ʶֲɾϵѪۡ
һ룬ͫʽʧ˵ӡ


205 
û뵽Ӧա
̲סȥ, ֮ԻǲǺӦйϵ
Ȼ˵Щǳġ
ʶսеĳ
ϾͷӦ˹鶼ûв, ҪھͰӦץѱݾߡ
뵽, ˲ʹԭͷ
껰ֱ֮˵Ȼû£ǾȻȥɣ, Ҫǻȥ𣿡
գ, ԼС
ҲʰӦǾ仰ûӦ, Ҷ˵, Ҫ, ǰŹյ֡
ȻֱӴֻ, ˶˸绰, 
ôҲû뵽, ҵʧ˶ʮСֶӡ
ֱ֮ϳΪϵССֶϵһģһΪɩӼһģ̳ġ
ΪԷһ, ڰӦͽҽԺ֮󣬾֪ͨڸʡĶϹӼ
Ĵߴ£ֻǹ˲Сʱ, ӼĽͳˡ
Եȵѹʱ, ϵľһӯ
ӡ
֪, ԭȻʦ֮һҴ󷿵Ķ
֮Ի䣬ΪаңڲҲͽȻⳡսҺܿƽϢˣЩаߵʱȴ°ˡ
ЩаԭӦǰҲһаɱֻΧ׷½£Щаܿͱֹɼˡ
ΪˣŻ䵽뾩Ǽǧ֮ıʡ
ʮ꣬ûҵ
뵽̲סս˫ȭ
ĸȻʦҵĵϵټĶ
ǿҰҼҲѼңͳҲҪҡ
֪ôܻǸͨأ
ҲֻҲĴǡ
ֻһ룬ɫֱˡ
ΪͻȻһ飬Ҫ֪Ϊῴ˵ķϱǶӡ϶ҲһǧɣʱܱסԼ̳˵ĵλ
뵽æʵˣ֮ǰΧǵЩأǡǺҵĸһҡ
ʲôĸܣ
ôṥ㣿
Ϊ壬Ȼỳ˲ҵɣӦܵʲô̼³ɥʧǣԲŻ᲻һеع㡣
Ϊ˻Ϊǰ˵ζϤڱɽʬ֮ԼһҲˡ
ԭŵǼлָǣѶǣڿǲˣϾĳ˵ǿҵĶˡ
ֱóֻȥ뼸λʦΪǡ
ҲҪ²ܳ׻ǵǡ
˵ǼѾɥʧǣʱһ
Ϊζһ֪ЩΪ
һ˵뷨ʦæҲҪ²ܳ׻Ǽǡ
ŵĳ׷
Ϊµʱ䣬㹻һļƻǼָǡ˵֮ǰͽˡ
ҲȥЩ£ΪϼҵЩھȫˣõĵֻ͵Ӧõһ
֪ĸݶõ£ҿ϶ȥĸЩݣȻҲͲõǻᱩ¶ʲô
ΪԷһӦþǲС
ϾҪǼʱϵ˵ҪǼˡ
ĽѵһξѾ㹻ˡ
ԡ
뵽ʲôͫһ
Щ֮⣬һ֪Щ飬ǾӦ⡪
Цˡ
ȻΪ˷ֹӦ⹷ǽΪǰһӡ󡪡ϾӦ⣬֮ǰŬɾȫ˷ˣҲʵ֮ǰ̰ͼǮŻᱻӦ飬Ƕ˵ĴϾԺ̳ء
ʱ򡪡Ӧǽ壬ȴʦ֮һҵļ̳˵ʱɶӦⲻ벻ȻٲٿһۣųһЩϢ˵ΪϲӦ⣬ŻӦӦģֻ֪֮˵Ǹ֣ȥ׷ǰӦ顣
ʱϴˡ
ҲӦΪҲ֪Ӧڴʲô⡣
Ӧʮа˾֪ݣΪֻܽΪʲô֮ǰڲӦ̬ͻȻͷ˷츲صı仯
뵽̲סĵһЦ
ӦڵػᣬҺ͵Ҹ
ôҲζţ򲻵ѵӦⲻ˺Ҳɵ
ϾӦ¾ͺ͵ӰЩЫĳĺڹѸûʲô
ֻҪסӦС
ԸӦĴֱټ򵥲ˡ
ԵȵһߣӦĿ˲˵ǰû뵽һôû뵽ôΣյľˣ㾹Ȼûҡ
Ӧ״ǿŶģǰסɵϣҵѣˣҲ㡣
Ӧ˲ۿӦ⣬˵ã
ʲôֱˣ磬֪ҵļ̳ˣ
Ӧ˵ͷ
㲻ٵӦҺһѹˣԺҾĺܣҾĺܣڣһܹܿɽġ
⻰Ӧ۾˲ˡ
ȻΪ飬ڶӵˣ˵Ļ
Ӧ˲һԭ룬ʮĸܺ˵ҲŹ
Ͼ֪е˽
ʵ֤Ǻܿ׵ġ
֮ǰǰδ޳Щ۾̲ס˰
һ߱Ӧ⣬øж˵šлл㡯һ̲ס뿪ˡ
һҪңǰδ޵ļ壩ۣǸ֪۾жϹ
ӦҲҪһӣΪ
ˣеңʱһҪǶԼܣ󡪡Ǻܸ߰ƫƫҪݻĸ߰ҪŪ嵗ңȻٰĽǿˣҪӦԱؿš
뵽̲ס
ܲ²Ӧʲô
鷴ˡ
ΪͲӦЩԽԽãϾҪǣҲӦô䳰ȷǵңҪ֪ü
ҲһվһӶɼĸ߶ȵĴүƽȮ۵ζ
ֻЩ飬ɲ㶯֣Ͼ˿Ӧõ³ʳЩпûʲô
飬Ӧٺòġ
ҽȵʱʱҲܽ˳µߵӦ⡣
뵽ҲЦˡ
һߣȴǷȥôҲ˯ˡ
û취һ췢ʵ̫ˣǹò顣
ðɣ
ڵ㶯ġ
ʵǸ̫ˣһĸ̥ѳֲס
뵽̲סͷ
ֻһ룬ؾֱ塣
ŶҲˡ
ʵǰͷĸо̫ʱ˽ջĸоˡΡ
Ȼ߻ӲһЩ
ںһŻ
Ȼҧ˵Уôôء
Ӧʲôˣ
ֲ˵ĳˣ
ҪĽӦգ֪֮ԺĲˣ
֪ʱֻˡ
ʶشֻͿոһϢп㿴Ӱ
󣺡
ޣһṴ
Ȼش˼±鿴Լûйֲ˲ʲôӰȽϺÿŲţ̲ס㿪һƪԼṥԡ


206 
ڶ, ֮һϢʹС
ʱ˾ֱ˹
üͷ壺˭뵽أǸȻҵϵ, һټΨһӡ
ҲˣؼǸӦҲءǾͲţûȰ鶼ˣûкӦ֣ȲغӦ΢Ϲǵ顣
뵽ʱ򣬼Ȧ, Ҳüͷ
Ӧʲôˣ
һĹε
һرСˡ
Ҳ֪ӦǲŹǵġ
, ׼ȷ˵ӦѾȲضǶˡ
Сʱǰ, Ӧͷų˵, ׼ٿɶ, ӦڵĶ», ѡٳµĶ»Ա
ЩΪֱ˾֮ģ·˽֪
ؼĹɶҲȻ, ȻͬӦҪ, Ӧ
˵Ϣ֮, Ǹ϶ȻһʱȥԺҪӦ⳥Щ͸ĲƲߡ
Ҳ֪Ǹ϶ʲô, ǺӦ⽫һŽӦҵ˼
Կ֪, ӦҪʮа˾Żͨ
Ҳ˵, ʱӦͿƾⳡɶ˳ؽӦĹɶϳ», ȻӦͿԹƾﲻٷ֮ĹɷӦ϶³λãƿӦϡ
Ҳ͵ڽѡ
ΪǸҶӦ⶯֣ôƱػңʲôôӦƱػôߣһϡĹȨֱͿӦϣһƨծ
ҲɴӦϹƱȫȥܼʱֹ
ڹϣ˭ðŵӦҵķգɽ
Ӧʮа˾Żŵȵ·˵ʱԼļ۸ǽеĹɷݳ۸̡
⻹ֻһʼأ
ΪӦⲻôɵؾͷŹǡ
ڲ֪ڿǵĺϷ
뵽̲סһȭϣΪʲôǸƫƫҵˡ
һʱ֮䣬˶óü
֪ʲô˲ǧˡ
ǵǲԹգϾԼѡ
ǲŸġ
룬ȴ˵ҼȻܳΪʦ֮һҷ϶ĶȥӦòӦôΪİɡ
˵ֹͳ칫أ̰˼ʮ𣿡
Ҫ˵ôãӦβʱǾ͸ֱӳְβȥˣҲڻһ㶯ûС
գ
ͦе
ⲢҪ
һһ˵û£ٵ⼸죬ڳʰǡ
ˣ
ˣ
С
Ȼ֪ڰοǣǴɲشţ
Ͼǿѽ
Ȼ֮ǰ׾ٵؾʰ˼ֹһӣǺȣֹҿŵĶȲϡ
οҿʦңҪʰֹһһʹȥԸǣǺ뻢ʲô
ǵ³֪
뵽ڳ˵ӳˡ
ڷʲôʱ뿪ģǶûз֡

³֮󣬼һ۾ͿȺеķա
ϾǼһﳤøߣֳһûʲôǣﻹһõ廨벻ע⵽ѡ
Ȼ̲סӿٶȣڷհõ廨֮
գˣһȥ㱬׻
˵ͷ
ŷȥ׻Ŀ϶̲סͷõ廨
ͦġ
̲סһ£һ¡
ȻһηҲһõ廨ʱͻѽҺõ廨˷յĳϣӱӦ͵ȥֱ֮ײϣõ廨Ҳűˡ
ȵ걬׻æֱӣװʲô鶼ûз
ⲻֻ֪ɨһĶ⣬ʲô֪ˡ
ҲûнҴֻһȻǣ֣ˣԽȥˡ
ȻֱӽҴûʲô
󣺡
Ķ˲͸ˡ
׻ûյ֡
Ͼ쵽ˣ滹ôķ硭ıȡůѡ
ǾǣֿһӰӰ֮ȥСһֹһȦȥֳһȪݣȻֱӰͻ˼ҡ
󣺡
˵õԼ·һǵӰԺСԽ֡Ƶء
ǲ©ʲô衣
Ȼˣֻڱɻѣյӻ
뵽Ѿϴ˴ϵ̲ססԴ
ǲ˵ٷǸ˾ӡѡԵغ˷յڶμͶֶš飬Լֱĳغxing顣
Ͼôһˣôʱʱǵأ
ֻϧǣһʵ̫ˣûˣⳡԼͽˡ
뵽󲻽Щʧ
ȻҲ֪뷨ܲԡ
Ҳʱֻˡ
ʶشֻһϢȻǷշģ˵Ҫҷмһζܲ
󣺡
㲻Ϭ
뵽ֻССһ£͹ϸ˸绰ϵг̿ճ
ʹñ䣬ĥĴ
Ȼǵ죬ӵǻϴ裬Ȼյ˷ԼڶȥϢ
󣺡
Ͱʲôմһ֣ĳ˵׵Ժȥˡ
˸绰ԭ׼ٿĻƳһ졣
Ȼǵ죬հ͵ſ֮󣬾ֱ˵˵Ǳ¿һֳҪҪһȥһ䡣
ԥص˵ͷתֲͨĵ绰
ڣ˵ճгϰš
󣺡
⻹ʲô˵أн
Ȼǵ졢졭
ҪǷѣԼӦûլԷġ
øĸһȻһ˵լ
ųԵһ룬Ůʿֱ׳һףǲˣ
ÿӵһ
Ȼ󲻵ڣŮʿ˵ŷ
ǲǻôֵģѾСˣ
ŮʿֱָָֻСģСһرעǵˣǰɴӲֻڷϣһСʱͿֻΣĪ˰˴Σ˵ʱĴΡ
󣺡
˵õûһ˿أ
ŮʿҪǣ·סĵطʱȥһۣõ廨ҶƵĻƿչ˵ıྫϸˡ
󣺡
ܰҵŮǿˣⶴˣ
ʲô֤ɽˡ
ŮʿĿӣһŵĲ˲ͣһĿƵ˵ɣļҵС㣿
Ҳܺ棬ĸ̥ʮ꣬ļҵС㾹ȻܹԴ󷢣
󣺡
ӦҵĴ壡
ʲôŮʿ̲ס˵ײ˿ɲôģЩõ廨Ů͸İɣôŮأ
󣺡
ΪҲǱǸ
ŮʿҲǣ˭ŴȫҵأŴֵһǰ㣬Ҳĸ̥ôꡣ
󣺡
ǹǰҲϲ
ŮʿԵļҵĹ
󣺡
죬ȴԼʲôҲ˵ˡ
ֱʱʶͷ֮بô飬֮ûпܣ֮ǰΪʲôҪװ·Ϊʲôҽͷ֮߸ĸ
Ϊͷβ֪ĸǲͬġ
뵽Ŀһʹ
ǰĿֶĭ
ҿĭȻҲͶˡ
Ӧȥˣ
뵽ĶֱҲһ˿ʣûе£裬ˡ
Ůʿ
һŬǷҲɷ룺
㶼޳ˣ˵û£
ǲŷӦ
ΪǶӵĸ˰
ղŻôϲôһ򣬾ͳˣ
ⲢҪҪǣʱˣǻ׷ⲻţе㲻̫á
Ůʿתƻ⼦յĲԵԵ㡣
˵ˣ˵ĻԼȥ
Ůʿһ߸һȣһתķɿ졣
Դһ֪һҧסǸȣлΪʳļơ
ֻǶԵȴֻ˿ɬζ

һߣտɲ֪Żû־ҪˣΪҲʱҳˡ


207 
Сʱǰ
ˡ
, ׵ʮ˵Ǹ¹ߣȷҵĵϣﶢ, ȷ泣̾ʮ⼸, һٶ
ȷǸ¹ߺйϵ𣿡
ȷ
϶ÿ춼ҪȥǸһΡ
Ůˣ֮⣬һרΪЩһȺźǵˣÿΪṩʵĹƷ󣬻иָġʩݳƷ
˵Ǹ߸ׯ԰, ӦΪߡ
鵽Ѿ, ʮа˾źайᡣ
ʲô춯𣿡
С
ϵҷ϶ÿ춼Ǹ˻ɶֳɶֵͷרŲһ£µļٷ˾һǰͿʼ, ̶̲һµʱ䣬ǵĲܾʮֹǸݵ飬Ǵչԭϵȴǰֻٲࡣ
Ҳ˵ڳļٷųɾŶṩԭϡ
֪, ǹֵĶٶһЩӴ֮, һ٣С
ϵ֪Ϊʲôļٷϲûм⵽
µġ
ȻƷϵʿ˵ܼ, ǼҼҲ˵촦ôĴͷ
뵽ΪmĹӺ˹Ĵѹû취ٴӷ޴һЩԴԭϣгԴ۸ǵ飬ľʹĲС
ϾҲûôǻҪһС¡
ԹҶ飬ôõ
ЩٷϺпܲĳԲܶǵļ⡣
Ҳζʮа˾Ųһ޴ıпܵǣҺЩ׼ͨЩٷٿ࡭
ȻˣǲЩ£ȱľϺˣͱ罨󱻸ؾѹʮƵ۵ũ񡭡
µģΪ֪ԻûʲôߣȻҲʲô̵鶼óͱиܼԪˣԭǸżԤ⵽һЩŮ飬ľһЩͽԼͽԽԽ࣬ģʷϻۼļԷʴۣŮͽҲĻŲɣڷǱϵĴ帾Ůһһ1
һ뵽һȥƵļٷĪһݡ
վУϵǸߡ
İʲôʱ򵽣
Ůˣ㡣
Ǿߵ㶯֣µѣʱȴһСȥ˶ѣһСһҵĹʣµˣȥߡ
˵Ҳվá
Ծ˳üˣ׼ԷʱһͻȻ˽ȻֱӾͰΧ
Щڶǹںͷĳ˵ˡ
ֻΪ׵Ů˳ֱ˵ǵ·ˣȰǲҪη־ܣʵʵǵĵ顣
ˣ
ʲôˣ·ˣ
ǲŷӦ
ʲôûЩʿȴ
д˼Ѿ
ûǣǡ
ջ˵ҼȻܳΪʦ֮һҷ϶ĶȥǲΪֹӦǱΪ飬Ӧǣ
סеĳΨ˱𣬽ȴľȻֻܿŭĻҵŮˣ
ʲô
뵽Ů̲סͳֻ˸绰ܣе㲻̫Ծ
һߣʱһֱӴ˳ҵĹ
𶯡ȫ£˫ֱͷ
һȺʹֵֹ·ۡġΡ˳ڸɻĹֱӾˡ
˵ûУȫͷ¡
ŷӦǾ찥
ʲô
зʲô𣿡
Ӧûаɣ
ѵΪƽʱӰ෢ıʣгԭ򣿡
ʲôʱӰ෢ıҲˣ
һ˵ţһʵʵرͷˡ
ƽʱӰ෢ıʣ
ϰ岻רƵİɣ
뵽ԼӰҲŷʵ飬ڳľʿɻһ˲
ȻǲŻع
Ǹỹǵᡣ
ͬΪǽӭһѪսȴֵѹûз뷨ܺõιǳʵ
ͺܲԾ
ץǵԭϼӹʲôطھʹǹȥ
ѾˣֱӾͰ˴˵һԭϼӹ䡣
һţһʿͱһȫĺëˡ
Ƕһÿ̧һͰ򿪵ˮϿﵹϿڵһͷȻһȫļӹ֣Ѿһͷ
ȻΪԭϼӹı֯ţ˲ûĶԻڹ֮С
ⲢҪҪûпĻＸΪʵʵĢ́ŵˮɢġ
ѹļٷⲻ˿
ֱӾ˵ڳ˵
ˮԣˮͷ˵ˣЩͷ˿Ҳֱӱˮɢ
ҲҪҪǸˮ
Īһʹ
ҪԸ֣һͰȥĸֵܵס
Ҫһưȥ·ʧܣ
Ҫ׭ֻһСףʲô׭

˾Ȼٷ
̲ס˵ٷôˣǹ˾ҲǻûдԼƷƣȵǰԼƷƴˣƷôõļٷڵ⣬۸ǧϣˣλmԪ
ʶǾȻ֪Ļ˵˳
һٷǧmԪɻҲ塣
Ҽٷÿĳ
ˣ
ŶǾû¶ˣ
ǡʣǸոսûʣ
Ҳص㣬صҵļٷû⡭
뵽ֲͨĵ绰ܣе㲻̫Ծ
ӵ绰
ֹһ㲻̫ԡ
˿ֻֿ˿ǰΪǴԭڿpartֱԭصԼеһѳҪеǰѳ
ȻΪʵʵսĽ桭
˵䲻õĻҹǰѾ˵ġһǬѳԣ齣֮һ
ǶȥѳǲǺайᡪǲڻԼ
ϾѽһǬȥ齣ҪǶайᣬЩʲôͺñȻʵ۶ǷˣǵµĴѵ˸ϵ
ҪǻʵбҪ췴Ϊɽġԣ齣бҪа
ֻҪǰһվҪҪҲƴժ
ǲʲô᣿
ţòײűôһ仰
ЩȴȻôġ
һ룬ֱӾˡ
һʱ֮䣬ǹǺ
ˡ
ôΣôͻȻɱˣ
ˣǶҪɱˡ
̫ˣôˣһ֪ǰ׼ʮа˾ŻץȥԦιԦ

ǵԦͨ;ӶģʲôʱùιԦˡ
ηСôܻǵ
ⲢҪҪһ룬ЩˣȻǸˡ
ܰ
ܲˣôࡣ
Ǿ͸ƴˣ
ƴˣ
Ǿˣƴ
뵽ʲô͵رס콣ɽˣһҪȾǰ

齣
ɽ
콣ŭˣ
˶ʱͻˣ


208 
ڷսӵϢϹʱ, ľ˱콣һ߱ͷأһߺšСڣǽͰӡ
˵ţһȾͳŷշ˹
ʶԱһ㡣
һ, һʳ˹
գ
ֻһ߶Щ, һߺˡ
콣Ĳ鲻Ըطɻ˷С
ͣ
ûһĹ, ˺Ҳϵˡ
ͬһʱ䡪
ǿŭ𣺡⵽ôһ£
Ҳһߴ, һ˵⡢⵽ôһ£
˵㽫ȥϸ˵һ顣
֮ˣ
ұŵıȻǹаͼͳ, ǹӶͷȻģ
Сˡ
, Ϻ⾹Լ
ֱӾˡ
ĳЩ, ٿЩĿ̲סһ˿
ʲôˡ
֮ȻҪϰ࣡
硷ôд
ǲµһֱƲһ, Ȼ̧°͵ÿ칤һˬ
Ͼ֮ǰЩͷڴģģǰͺͷġ˵Ȼȥ˴֮󣬿ûר仰ڶĿͷˡ
ձҹĹƽʱȻıӰ๤ʵ˵һھʿ
һӶһ׬һˬһ궼һܴһˬ
𳧳ո˵ġһٷ塯Ļ
ѹһרΪЩһȺ, ÿΪṩʵĹƷ, , иָġʩݳƷ
˵һרڳһׯ԰, ԡһ׼Ǹׯ԰Աߵıȫᡭ
᣿
ĺ£ǰֻ
ڳľʿ
Բ֪ȥһûлҡ
ΪⱲûʲôָ, ܷ¸Ҳܲѽ
ԼĳЩʿԦ
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ǲµǻķӦһֱ˵ʱѾйˣûˡ
Щׯ԰һֱйҪԭ
Ͼٷг£ôֻΪԭϹӦ㣬ԻʣһСĿհףǵĿֻհף˳¢ϸ߶г
ҪäĿѼٷгŪĹǿɾͲˡ
ڳˣ
ѻȸӣ̲סʵ⵽ôһ£
һʼΪЩ˶ӦԸǵģڿǵӣе㲻̫
Ϊ˵Щ֮ǰжǿᣬھжڵǣףԱߣЩȫʵʵվס
⻰ȫסˡ

ǰ⵽ôһ£
ܲ˵ΪԲͷΪҺайᣬԲֳһɡ
е㶪ˡ
뵽ֱסԼ
ȷӦ
˿콣ֿ˿ա
ղ˿˵ˣЩҲ֪ԼͷһЩ𺦵˵壬÷յ彣ϴˮϴȥЩͷϵ
Ҳ˵콣Ƿյ彣
Ȼ콣ɽ˷ʲô
ԭС˵˻·ٵĴ˵Ȼġ
뵽ֱֻʣһƬհס
ںһ͵һڿˮع
뵽ʲôͻȻһʵʵģ֮ǰһֱǼϵĺ˵Ϣ֮ȥ˲飬֣ǾȻǼϵĺ
Խ˵ԽӦҵͬүүأ
˵Ӳת˸ۡ
Ͼ᲻ñ֣ײס˰
ǽһϲ
⻰ڳˣ
ڳʿ
Լ֪Ϣ֮󣬼ææϹˣ
ǿЩڶǹڣֿ˿Щâ¶Ľ⣬̲סһ̾Ǻôһϲ
Ҫǡ
һĻǲе죡
˺ʶתͷ˷ա
գ
ȼǵǰҲôֱ׳ظ˺ˣΪĴвűôġȻ˾͸νϵĺĻʵǱġ
û뵽ǰλſھı±
ڳЩʿҲԼͬתͷ
֮ǰ˭˵Ҫϵĺ϶ͱǽӻˣһһȺҵĴٻأ
ȻǲŷӦ
Ȳ˵˴ʲôҲ콣жΪ콣ϴˮѾǿˮֱǧˡ
ģ
֮ǰ̲ס룬ҪܹӵЩˮǻ¸ƨmͺ˹νƲãԺǾǳһŵҩһŵҩԡ
ѹôҪĻ˵ó
漦
ҲôҪ
Ǹûлᡣ
뵽һ𱸵ؿˡ
ǵˣΪʲôҺͳ̼һ
ǵʱȫ˵ϵúϵģֻϵøļ޸˳̼ϵðҾٹѪһ㣬ϳ졢ػЩԪأҲǲܽܰ
ˣ
ʵǾͲЩдˣ벻ѡ
Ҳ˵Щ˶ҵˣ
ԭʮа˾ǵ鷳ġ
ȴһһҰͲúϹϵǵģϹϵԣǺϹϵ׼ȷ˵ӦͷϹϵ
ζʲôǺԵ
˵õľ㷽ҲҵĶأ
ԭ֮ǰ˵ģڳͰӦǶʰ˵ĻڰοǣҲڴţ
ԣʵǣûأҶͲֱӹүүˡ
Է׼ô飿
뵽˲Լͬؿ˷ա
գ
ô죿
Ͼѻ˵ˣҪǲԼҲһΡͺûбҪˡ
ҪǣҪǲǲʵǹɵ𡭡ȻⱾʵ
Ҳֻܡʹˣ
뵽һĲһϲ¡
ûû
˲ϲЦտӦүү̫үү̫үүүүС塭
ڳʿ״һ׷ףصϲѣϲӦүүϲ̫үүϲС塭
ͻȻһȺҳС˺ˣ
ҪǣЩ˾ǵҪ
ôҲˣôҲźˡ
ֻȻұʿһͬ飬ҵĳȻҲǵĳ
գ
ˣ
ˣ
⻰˵ĺеǾ޷
κš
Ͼǿɴû뵽гһգܺʦϹϵԣʦŸʹϵ
ȷӦȵȡ
˵ô˵УΪ֮ǰ˼ּңþĳЩй˼ˣͬķԸǣԾͰ˳Ҫ֯ǣ
ҪԭΪߵ棬ǹҲͼôװȥˣƫƫЩҹԭ
Ҳҿ㣬ܴЩܡ
⻰Īһ
ûǷӦͷ˵ȷû
ˣ
ôˣ
㾹Ȼôˣ
֮ǰϵ̫˳ǰɣ
ôܳأ
ͷըˡ
ֻϵЩЩйڰΣһ䣬ôóݺ顭
ڵﺣеĵһ죬Ͱ˶ץˡ
αĻôʱȥռ֤ݡȻ֤ռ˸į1
ЩȻ´ǲǵķԸ
ˣ
Ȼǣ֮ǰ˭˵ĻŸոڷɣٷڼּ飬ĹĴϲҲĻ̻̣ʱƱػ֮СԶΪ˹ҵΪǾ̵أ
治ɫҾͲֻҪƤ붼͸һдˡ
ҵ֮ԻΪֻΪǿķһ޹ضԴ
ҪڷԱЩ̰ٶԹңʿ
ˣ
ԭܳΪǵʱ˾ԭѧѧˡ
⻰˺˵ɫȻ˺ܶࡣ
ʲô˵ɫʱֱˣǵ̬ȻǺ˲٣ӦأӦôһ£
ˣʲô
СǼҸոһǸѡ
ȻͰȥϸ˵һ顣
ĩˣɫֱӾͳӣСȵȵȣǲỹ֪ɣ
һ룬ҡҡͷܣ鶼ȥôˣôܻ֪Щ飿
ˣ
ܲ˵Щ춼æŵҵ֤ȥˣ󻹵˸įɣ2
뵽ֻ˵ǵȷ֪顣
ȻնǷģһһ
뵽ʲôֱ˵ҵĹ˳ƹϼˡ
ӦⲻϲҵĴٻҪǲԸԲԼӵôϷ
ϸҲ֪׼ôʰӦ⣬˵Цˣá
ҲԸĲ֪ӦΪϾݶˡ
˵Ҳһˣĸһڻɡ
˵ţֱͳ˼鿨ЩܹǾָǡ
У֪顣
Щ鿨ġ
ʲô
һ㶡
ɵȻ֪ղԵ޹ʼһ仰
ѵĸʲô飬һйϵ
뵽ֱӽӹ˷յ鿨õġ

һߣ֪׼ںΪٿһʢ磬Ŀ£һӦ˻ѵ彫Ҳܸǰμı͵ʱӦ⼤زӶˡ
úúá
Ӧ̲סס
ΪһڿҶλˡ
һݣԺ˭Ҳ˭ҳ
ʱһҪӦգˣˡȫүү
ҲЦˡ
Ϊ֮·Ҫ﷫ˡ
Ӧ⣬ֻҪȨƣ˵ˣɷ򣬻һ仰ܻ顣
ҲӦ⣬ֱڶûпơ


209 
ȵЩ, ղŷȻѾûлϢˡ
üͷһòҲ֪ſ϶ԲһЩѪľ飬Ȼء
Ȥ, 
һ㶼
ȥ˸, ·Ȼ, ҲûǷȦ
ֹ˼, ھС
һǼƵ, СȦӵ˶ˣ, Ϊǰʱ䷢mͺ˹Ʋû, о, ĶһЩС
Ӧ͵, žƱһ֮ͨ, ֮޲һƬķ֮

Щ, Ӧ, еĵ
ĵط, һЩ̲סҡҡͷС˵־С˵־
үǲۡ
ϧӦ, òױ˳Ϊ˲ϧӦϹø, û˼죬ҪӦ
ֻΪҵ֮Ի﷽, ΪպҴЭ飬֮ǰӦϵõ֤ݡ
ҺҡҲҪӦˡ
㻹֪
ʲô
Ѿˣǰ壬ҴΪֲ, ֱӴ˰ҵĹ˾ȫˣ˵ǼҵĹ˾в˹Ұȫۣһٷ˾ҪҲвҰȫmҲͷɾɧǵĺˣֱڻ࿪Ҽٷ˾ˡ
ҪȻΪӦô⣿
벻Ҳ⸱С
ˣӦء
Ƕء
˳˵˵Ŀ⿴ȥȻӦӦһֺõӡ
ӦһӦļһ˹ô˵үүҼʮ꣬ݶһӶǵãģǰйᣬʼնҵүү
Ӧ˲ϲЦտӣ̲סһ
Ҳ֪ӦôģӦĸӾˣֲӦҲˣȻźӦҰֺͺã
ɲǣҪңͺӦƴˡ
ôģû£ӦҲ֣ϾѼҵñԼ׶ӻҪҲһˡ
Ʋñء
ΪҪվӦǱߣӦ϶ǲŹġ

Ӧ˵Ǿˡ
ɲǣһҰ֣ȴӦҵļ̳ˣûгԵͷ˶ʮٻ󡭡ݱҴ֮ҲõõԼӦõ³˰ɣã˼һСתͳҵ׼̳ˣƫƫСǻء˱˰
˵Щ̲ס˵ϧӦգ
һԵĵ˶̲סüͷ
ŮʿͲ˵ˡ
ǰȷ޹ӦգЩ鶼ȥôˣҲ֪ӦպһǸͷβܺˣӦͺ޲ˡ
Ӧ䵽³鲻Щ
Ҫ˵ˡ
Ҳû뵽Ϊ˶㷽գרȥ˸֮ͷô顣
뵽̲סóֻҪҪմ绰οһ¡
һͷվҪˡ
֪ԥʱͻȻܼҸ߿Ӧİ־
ʲô
Ӧգ˺˾ȻҲˣ
ѵ֮ǰôԸǵ
ֻڳıͣӦҲסˡ
ܿͷӦ˹Ȼ͸˷ˡ
Ϊ鶼ˣӦյ˻ҧμⳡᣬǵĿĻõŲ
ǿ϶ĵģ
뵽˶Լͬؿ˴Ŵ
һ룬Ϳյ˽
ӦϵֱӷеľƱؿŷյˣѾһҪôǣͱǹүү
ôˣҲŹǣΪĿĿҪǼ÷
ЩɻԶԶ
ôţյҲԽԽˡ
ڳı̲סҡҡͷ
ȻǾͿյֱԽӦ⣬һǣĩˣһ˴һơ
ȻǾԹԵؽ̸ͺûпӦһ
һĻڳ˶סˡ
ӦϵĵֱӾͽסˡ
һݵ˲ӿͷ
ʲô飬ˣ
ۣ
Ҳ֪ļҵС̲סЦ
Ӧ˲͸ˣ
ӦջͲġ
鶼ˣǾȻҸԣ
ãǺõĺܣ
Ӧ޺޵ؿǣԭţʱ쵶ն飬ֱʰǣڿ̫ˣһҪĥǣܡ
һڱҲڷӦ
Ӧյ˾ȻӦģ
Ӧ˵ǲӦģǻӦ⵱ڶһô
Ƿ˰ɣ
ķˣ
Ϊ֮⣬Щ͸벻ɡ
ϾܻܲӦѾһһҪĿɽɡ
ôܣ
ΪȸǣҾӣתΪӦֹҪĵ
Ͼڻĸǿùʦأ
뵽ٿյʱϵ֮ͬɫֶ˼֡
״̲סҪ̧ա
һ룬ͿһԽŷ˹ȥ
ʶͣ˽Ų
Ӧܣ
ֱڷǰվ
֮һ۾ͿȺдͷ˿Ьⶼд˸ֵ׼ͳֻͷȵϷżķգ
Ȼϳ㰡
˿ɲǰǸСˡ
ջǵã֮ǰں֡ʱϵš
ôҲ
С̯̯֣ǹģȽϴᣬⲻҪһЩˣԹ˾Ͱɹˡ
Ȼˣ˾ĿϣܹⳡϼϾյҵ뺯ģɶǷǸ󡭡
յȻҲ֪Щüͷһʲô
˭֪ǱӦⶢˣǺմϹϵģпܱӦԡ
˿ɶǱ֮أҪȻҵݣǽŵʱ򣬾Ͳ֪жΧˡ
Сˣ⻹öлôַ꣬˲ǮãҲܹ߲ȵͣ಻Ȧˣ׼Żֱӻؼˡ
ֻ˵⻰ʱ۾ȴ˵į
ϾҪǶԱҵ˭Ը˻ˮء
Ȧô꣬õõĽɫ֮ǰТǮš
ǰⲿϷˣⲿ粥֮ͻȫȻֱӴεʱӦ㷭ˡ
ⲿʮа˾ӳˡ
ڷգ״ʲôء
Ҷ˵ˣиղŷ飬Ҳˣ۹
˵ţֱ˴Ĵָ
С˵˲ֺҼȻҪϼˣ¸ƨʱѹ
ӦҲİɣȻ棬͸ľˣš
ûд飬ߣȥֱȥǸӦҰָǰҽ첻ѣҰġ
˵ţֱӾ˷յֱۡ
ڷܾ
ȻһĻͱ󿴼˸š
󣺡
󣺡
󣺡
ը
ΪպǸڴ֮ͥ¾
ΪϳǸӦյСˡ
֮ǰȻ˻֪ٸС顭
ⲢҪҪǡ
˵ôûлطյϢˣһﲻһ㶼żͣ·Ȧ
ԭΪæСȥˣͰˡ
֮ǰΪҪҪֵΪѣȻžӦңҲҪȫˣˡ
ɵһһˣת
۾˲ͺˡ
һҪ˸ۣ
뵽̧žҪȥҷյ鷳
֪ʱܵĵƹͻȻȻϯ̨ϵĵƹȫ
Ὺʼˣ
Ҳ侲
УҪʱȥǼҰٷ֮ٻΪȦЦԲ˼棬ȴܲ˼ĸԼϺϼԱ档
뵽ɫѿˡ
ӦһɨϵڣЦ
ΪŷӦھԵȨǰӦЩһѵܷɣ
ڵŲǴԣܿŭѣΪĻĿܡ
ʲô÷ŭأ
ˣӦøлЩһôһϷǡ
һߣֱʱƽһЩ
ȻڷĸɫЩ̫Ծ
һ£֣ôˣ
ֻ˵Ҹոȥ˿ĸǵ״ǰͻȻ˺ܶࡣ
ָһʶΪǷֽš
ȴһ˿һǵǰҪͺˣ˵Ҳۼ֤ϵϲ¡
ӣĬĬ˵˵ĸܺãȻܸǶܵĸˣĸΪѪ
ĵԽȴɱű˵飬ʵǵģʱ룬ҪǵʱµҶá
ĳ׳ȥһ᣺ûʲôҪ˵𣿡
ǿļ£ҵȷһ仰һֱ˵ܻصߣҺܿģҵĸѹ֮ҲΪҸˣΪһֱϣܹҵҵĸ
׳Ĭˡ
඼ʱͻȻסֻ˵ҶԲס㣬ҪǵܸСһ㣬ҲͲᱻа°ˡ
󳤳ôһĹεĶ
⻰ͷһ
ΪͻȻ׹ʲôҲ϶Ҵ
ϾôĻͲΪ˲ֱӹ˽𣬴˷ˡ
ҪǣڿǴΨһжҪûˣ󷿿ɾ;ˣòֵļ̳˵λýҲ빰ˣԴζᱣס
뵽̲סһ
ؿһۣˣʱˣǳȥɡ
⻰̲סս˫ȭ
ڵȵһˣ
һߣ˳ˣӦҲ̲סս˫ȭ
Ҳڵȵһˣ
һĻٱͶҡҡͷ
˵һӦ˵߹һΣôӦյ˵Ǽ̵һ̡
ҲֻͬһǣٶģǾΪˡ
ȻǾͿֱվ˻Ͳǰ˵𾴵ĸλŮʿǣܸлλæ֮гμⳡ硭ϻ˵ΪӦҲ˵ˣⳡһ硭
һʱ֮䣬жֻʣ֣Ǿǣˣ
ôǹϲңϲңʱԵ
ǵص˲
ֻǺܿ죬ͣ
˶ˡ
˵ʲô
ҺԵ
ѵӦһĵճ


210 
Щ, ˵ԭѾһֻţ׼̤ϯ̨Ӧˡ
ϵЦֱӾͽסˡ
⵽ôһ£
ǿɲΪڿЦ
ΪûҪ
һ㶼ڿЦӡ
ΪˣĵײͻȻӿһŨҵĲ
˵ҺԵ
ң
ĸң
һ, ˵, ֶֺ, Ӧүүİ̫үү, ־̫үү̨
δ䣬ڳֱǰӦƵһߣȻһ·Ӧյȥ
һĻ˶ˡ
ȻĲڿЦ
˵õⳡأ
ôͻȻӦүүˣ
ȵȡ
Ӧүү
·ı֮е˵Ҽǵ֮ǰһֱϵĺ
⻰һʼ, Ǻľû, ֱӱ˷֮
ҺҿֱӶˣ֪νϵĺĻˮж
˵ˣϵĺ, ⶼȥˡ, 嶼ˡ˵, ǰҲһء
к׵ıҪ
һǸԼһȺ
ж벻
ô, ǵĿⲻԼͬϯ̨ϡ
ȻͿѾڻϲصظӦյ˾, һһ̫үү, ȡ˼䡯Ĺү˵ʱҪ
ڳһڱͣ
ڳһڱͣ
ڳһڱͣ
ʦ֮һһ͸߸˵ظһȺѪԵ仧ӣ
ڿʲôЦ
̲סԼһѣʹزûе޳
Ҳ˵ǰһĻȻġ
ҵһԸǳĿɽԣɽĻȥʸ˵үү, ʸƴȥͽ῿ɽ𣿣
ûô򵥡
뵽ضع
ôʮа˾ΪҵѾ󵽾ҲҪºȥ£ˡ
ȻǸЦ
ǳ֮⣬ʲôԭܹҲϧԼӵҲҪҺأ֪ܲҺгѾڴˣڰϲˡ
ֻ˳һȥ
ԣҪôܴʮǰһļڵ仧е仧
Ȼûô
ǵĿɨϯ̨һѵˣΨһˣҲǷϡ
ôģҲֻӦˡ
ӦҲûõĶȥ
ҪôܱӦѹͷϽʮܱ꣬Ŵ˶ʮñӣܱӦǸҰŪöӾ
Ҳ֪ܣ
Ǿ飬ͻȻóСǿƷӦɵļҲ£ӦǰŸոϼֹҺžͳ˼ֹϵף˳ѼּҲһˣӦݱ˳£ԼӦϵ¡
һʼΪ֮ԻӦնԸӦүΪӦպҴЭ飬Эݾɹ֮ӦҪӦϹøҡ
תһ룬ҵȷӦˣֻ֮һķֺ죬ɷݻӦ룬ǲڸӦմ
ڳһڱͣ
ٿڣ˵õڵ磬Ϊ桯磬Ӧһ˾ȻҲ֮УҪǣվ˰˾˵ǰ棬ܵ˵ľ񡭡
ӻʮа˾ΪӦյԵʡ
ڳһֱͣ
ȻǸЦ
ƫƫǻҲĵ㣬Ǹ֪ӦνĴʲô
ⲢҪ
һڱ͵عҪǣһͷˣ͵͵ģȻ˵֣
֪ӦҪùˡ
ܹһԾΪҵĳȫΪӵӦ
뵽תͷһԵӦˡ
ӦѾˡ
ججţӦ׶ӣϯ̨ϵӦŶԡ
ףԺ˭۸ӦͷϣףӦҺγˡ
վϯ̨ϵȴҡҪûΪ˶ռ䣨С㣩ŲαǷҪûΪﰲ浶ӦգҪûΪ˱ȫҲȥֺӦ⡭ҲͲӡ
뵽ĺͻȻһֱӵȥ
ıͼ״ʶҪַסֻһЩ£ǵװ·һ˻ȥ
ĩˣǻһӦܹ˳˳һԴڵϡ

ˤ˸ͷѪԲѵӦܿͱ̧ȥˡ
ٿһ֣ȫ֮ǰ侲
ΪѾ׳ƿء
ڴ֮ǰ˶һ۰ȴô鶼
ȥϸҵ׶Ǹʲô̬ȡ
ֱı̲ס˵ҵʱӦûУӦպӦ»СС»˰ɡ
Ͼô˵Ǽҵӡ
µֲ
û
⻰۾˲ˡ
ûҵӣΪС°ߵ飬һֱĻΣԾ϶Ҳ㲻ȥ˵˵Һ׵飬ͻ˵ڵˡ
뵽˲˴롣
Ӧ⣬һţȻǻûдⳡı֮зӦ
Ȼȵ˸Ӧյ˾֮վϯ̨˵ȻˣǾٰⳡᣬҲΪʱʮ꣬һҵӡ
⻰˰һȻ
һЦ˵ҵĶӣΪȡǣΪϣܹ񳤳һΪ
һ˸ССӣΪͬʱҲϣԺܹһ棬飬⡣
ҲЦˣҲų˶
һ룬ϵЦݾʧˣǺܲҵǣ֮ûþͱа°ˡ
ȵҵʱѾһ˼Ĺε
һʯ쾪
ϵЦһνסˡ
ڳıһ֮һȻ
׶ٿⳡ粻Ϊô׵ͻȻô͵ʹأ
רǵ̬İɡ
˵ӦյȻеĻҪ󡪡һͲϧӣҲҪֺӦգ
ӦгĲӦֻΪŰѣΪʲôҪ˵˼ĹΣ
ԽţǾ˵ΪûϲӦ⣬֮ԽӦİֻΪӦǮȨƶѡ
⻰ˡ
ڷӦӦˣŵתͷ
˵·Щˡ
Ƿ˰ɣͨ˻֪ҳ󲻿أ֪ܲЩ鴫ȥҵжӰ
ûб죬׳׷ԽԽ󣺡ˣĸһҲǱġ
ˣ
̧ͷĿѡ
ȻԤϵ˿Ѿ鵽ǰµЩ飬ôҲû뵽ᵱ˵棬Щ˵
ۿĸƶũ񣬵ȴĺģǷѾǧŽΪʱһҪķݹĸȫѪҺһ顭
ȴΪ˲ϼʮĸծĸһҳµʱӲĸһҴʱ䡭
䣡
жʱһƬȻ
ڷӦûС
֪һ룬εӰͻȻࡣ
ϲһ˿Ѫۣۿ
û˵ڵĻֱӿɤۣͫһʧ
㡢ǡ
ΪͻȻֵɲĸһҡ
ȻڳıҲһǿķӦ֪ܲйı֡
ĸһҾȻǰָǡ
ѹһ֪Щ顣
һĵӣַӦ˹
ǻľ˲ȫ˷ŭΪʲôҵӣ׶ӣΪʲôҪôң
ѵ֪Щ˵֮ʲô³
ûд˵ĸһֱӶռе⳥ʮ鶼Ͻã֪ýǮΪ˸ѪĶӳѣΪĸΪǣȴԸ⻨ʮĸһѹڷĹ
ɺ죺ˡ
Ҳˣҿ׶ӣҴ󷿵ĶҪǻˣǴûжͲԺ̳˵λö𣿡
⻰ڳıֱӾסˡ
ۣ
ֱ̲סЦ
˭
תͷһ
Ǹˣϵĳû˼
бۣһһⶼʲôˣж
һ嶼Ѿˣôأ
Ȼʲôüͷһˣǽ絽ģӦûʶǡ
ڸһ¡
ֱָ̧ͬ¶̵Ůˣý㣬еŮһеĵһˣҰ϶һμ̳ˡ
ʲôûжԺ̳˵λöȵĻֻһԸˡ
˿ŲǲС
䣡
ǲСֱӾѿˡ


211 
⻰, ڳһڱҲ̲סˣ׷Ц
ȴѾ˲Ϸŭˡ
ΪôҲû뵽Ĵ󷿶, , ȻһĲֵ
뵽׹, ɫҲˢһ¾Ͱˡ
Ϊ³ѾԤϵˡ
Ȼһ, ˵ҪǵûŪ˵Ͳӣ, ȴȥԼһڵ
ǶԲ, Բˡ
Ѿˡ
Ȼ, һ룬һѾߵ, ˽
һĻ, ڳһȻ
˾Ȼġ
뿴
ɫ׵ѾٵòҰˣ˲ͻˣ, ҿӰ, ôôҡ㲻ôң
ۿҲ̲סˣΪףҲŲٴȥ
ɱ˳ǷծǮǷĸһҵģǱȰծꡣ
Ȱծꣿ
ô
µĿǹɱ
Ŀѡ
ԺôаɣҪ㱻ͽ̻ͽ̣Ǿ͵ˣٺúõֲ, Ҫ㱻̡ûϵǻ԰Ļٻ

ڳһڱͣ
ң︸ķʽôڲͬ⻰ֱ͡ҲŹ㡯һģһء
һ룬ͷӦ˹
Ѿߵǰľ죬һʶȥһЪ˹ҲΣ
˲ȴ˵ĸһңģǻΪǾٰһʢķᣬǣȻظϱϷֳһֹ͸ǣ±ӶͶ̥ҲǷǵġ
˵䣬ѾЩסˡ
ɢŴ۵Ľ֪ҪȥˣôҲõġ
뵽ϵľٴȫ˷ߺޣŤ̶ޣǸڿ˵Ҫֲңھֲҵģ
˼ҵĸĸΪ˺Ӷ޲ͷΣأҲˣҪȥ
ҺǣҾǱɹҲŹǵġ
˵䣬ͱ˳ȥҲԽԽСֱʧ
˵ҲЩӡ
ںһﶼģûһ˵
ֱ
˵ˣȻѾˣ͵ɣٴθлλڰæ֮μⳡᡭ
˵̲꣬סһ¡
һԵ״æַסȻϯ̨
˲ʮӣٴһƬš
Ǻܿ죬Ƭžͱ˴ˡ
ܣܡ
תͷһ
˵ĿɲӦ⡣
ŤȻڴӸղһı֮зӦ˹ȴܲĽ
˵֮ǰӦж⣬жǱ
ԿһĻ˶̲סЦ
Ͼڴ֮ǰǿûٱӦǸС˵־Ӧ
¾˰θͺӦһͽȥˣӦԺǲ̫ùඣ
⻰Ҳ׷׸͵ɲǣҿ϶һŹϾҵҫ飬ҿ϶ˡ
ҾҲӦտ϶ҲŹϾӦڵݵλ㶯ָͷⱲӶԣ˵Լ֣ҾͻӦ۵Ķƽˡ
ֹˣղӦŅ̀°Ϳ˵ģɵ˲أҪҵȻû˸˵мСģԲ˶ˡ
Цʲô֪֮ǰҺӦ˵ҪӦչүү˵ԿǿĹӦһ
ۣ˼ҡһ䣬үүˣԣ⻹ܵҵǰ£ڣӦүүʸûС


⻰Ӧˡ
ȴȥûС
ΪЩ˵ûˣҲˡ
ںϲϲ
ֻ֪ûûңʲôǡ
뵽Ӧ˲Ͱˡ
ٵģǼٵģһΡ
ֻһô˵ţһȴֱ̱˵ϡ
һʧǵӣЩҲ̹ˡ
ȻǾֱջߣΪڵӦѾֵٷˡ
Ȼһߣһ̲ס
˭뵽أ鵽Ȼôһ֡
ɲǣ˵ʱѾ˻ᱻӦҶĵ׼𡣡

˰ҷ˵ʱһΪҺӦһ֮ء
ֻ˵ңΪ岻ϧ׵;ģǱȲϵġ
ҪȻ˼ôܳΪʦ֮һء

һ˺Ӧһɵɵԭء
˿ɲӦյǰСˡ
ǰȻҡһ䣬һʦҶҪŵˣ
Ҳζţ֮ǰĵǲӾ粻ᱻˡ
ϾҪˣ
ˣҲûٴѹˡ
뵽СطӦžͼشһ˸ƨȦ
һĻŮʿ鲻Щӡ
Щӵ֮У˺ףռ˾
ΪӦվطеˡ
ףھôĿ֮ҲܹҸ
뵽Ůʿ΢΢һЦ
ȻͰЩ׵Ժ
ϾҲԼˣ;֮䱾ͲӦ̫ǣ
Ҳʱֻˡ
ͳֻһϢɲһġ
˵ܣСүѾˣҪھͰ͹𣿡
Ůʿ۾˲ˣֱӻһϢֱӰȥҼҾˡ
Ȼ̲סӿ˽ŲΪѾȲ֪ӹĵļҵĴײˡ
ûзԶԶ˺档
Ѿ侲ȻҲˡ
ˣ
ɣ
һ
ȵĸ󡲻ңȵ˻
οһǮͱ仵˵Ǹˡ
ûͷʱ͸һòһ߹غС˵飬ǮˣָԺ󹬶ҿ
õҴүûиһûƹϵá
뵽һҧҲȥӦˣֱ̧뿪
˾Ƶ꣬ĳӹȻѾ·Ϻˡ
˳Ը˾ֱӻؼҡ
Ӻܿͻ˳ȥ
⣬ǳˮƺ̡Ķҹ۵ס
ȴԽԽ
Ϊһ̲סǸˡ
Цӡ
Ȼе᲻Ǹˣ
鶼ˣȻе᲻Ǹˣ
һ˵һǸЦĺÿ
˼̲סƮƮ
ܿͷӦ˹Ȼ̲סôô
ֻ⻰˵֮󣬸ûʲôãĿڷˡ
ҧ˵ȥǹʲôõģ
˵Щˡ
ΪԽԽί
ԲٿƣֱʹֻΪʻޣȥ£ҲǼ仰ˣҪĺģˮ
ҼҴүȲǸСˡ
ǸˣǸˡ
ǹӦһš
󣺡
󣺡
󣺡
̧ͷ˼ʻλʣµġ۾ҲϹ𡯼ֱӿɤۡ
ֻʻϵĹֱͣ˳Ȼعͷϲ𣿡
˶ɵˣͰͣ㡢ô
Ҫǣղ˵Щ˶١룬϶ˡ
뵽˲ࡣ
üɽңֻɽˡ
Ҹ˾˵ҪĳҼҵĶʱһ෢һսȻѼʻ˳
ȻˣҪ˾Щ󣬶֮ǵֻΪںȤء
󣺡

ֻһڸˡ
ϾͷӦ˹
Ȼŭˣ㣬㾹Ȼҡ
쵰һңȻһ߳졭
֪շЦˣΪһڲ׽ص㣺ô˵ĻĬ֮ǰںҽඡ
󣺡
ǡ
ȵȡ
ֱմˡ
˵죡
Σõѣ
󣺡
⹷ˡ⹷ôô᣿
ô᣿
뵽˲ըˣôǲǶģ
գ
⵹ģΪġ
ܿͷӦ˹
֮ǰС§һֱ۵һĻȻñײˡ
Ĵˡ
ƫƫڼʻҲøͣƿţ˳
󣺡
ǷĿҴˣ֪ôҲûãҲˣֱӾˣ
ȻУ
۾ˣ
֪һ룬Աߵĳžͱˡ
ûӦֱӱе˳ӡ
ͨӣһĵˮ̲סһڣȻ֮ǰһһʮظһ顣
󣺡
ĻʲôȥյĽ͡
ʶǣȫ⹷˾Ȼ
⹷˾Ȼ
˶ɵˣ
ֱ˵ʵֻһᡣ
ŷӦ
Ҳ˵˷գ
ͻȻ顣
һ뵽ղŵΪ֮󣺡
ֱҪ̫߳ܣ
۵һ£ֱӺһ͸˵֡
ǾԼܹһ£Ȼ˦
Ų˵֮ǰأôûϢ㾹Ȼһ㶼żһȥͣ·Ȧ
յһһڣǲǲµ϶ھҪҪһŶһЩǵʱͿռ
ڽûʧ
󣺡
˵˵ΪʲôȻͰѵһϵַȥ
ʲôûʧ
ʲôû˵

Ҳ˵˷գ
ˣҲСУС
յ²Ųæ촽һڣһʲô㲻ĵ飬ȫ˵ұ֤á
󣺡
ҵķռұˣ
ⲢҪҪǡȻЩᣬҲ˵ղûбҲʵϲģ
뵽˲վֱ壬ٵؿŷա
ܲ²룬̲סǰѹڳϣȻͷ촽һ£˶סˣŵЦųȥһصš
ֱӱס󣺡
̲סץ˷յ·Ȼ󱻹ſ졭
Ժ֮Уǹ⣬Ժֻʣһ뷨
ô죿
ˡ

Եȵհ͵ſڵʱѾСʱ֮ˡ
շ³üۺЦˣȥɣ㡣
Ʈ˵ͷá
Ƿһӣߣֱտų׵ʧת
Ȼ̲סԼЩ׵촽һ뵽ǳǣʱּӿٶȡ
Ⱳ˵һˣû֮һ
̲ס뵽
ĽŲ
֪һ룬ƿţͶ


212 
һ, ʶط˽Ųôˣ
Ϊûмôӡ
ŮʿҲʶһ׼úõһġ
Ϊ, ͳĹǲȡ, ̺ܽӾӦˣѭѭգֻﵽӵĿġ
οѾСˡ
һ룬Ϳ׵촽
Ůʿ
Ůʿ
Ůʿ
Ӷˣ֪ܲǴʲô
Ůʿ۾ֱӾͺˡ
ҿ˿Ȼֱץ˲輸ϵС, ͳ
𶯣ҽǵôСӲɡ
ֱӾ, ʶ裬ôˣ
ҲʱӦ˹, æסŮʿ̵ܵ, ôô嶯
̣ҶӶһʮͷӽ͵һȥˣһȥ˭̣
Ůʿŭ
⻰ֱӾסˣǡǶ֪ˣ
⻰, ŮʿֱЦˡ
㶼Ӧڹ컯֮§§ˣǲ֪𣿡
˵, ֱƿ, Ȼץ輸ϵһƬ, ¡
ͷһ, һƬ٣ʮ֮ࡣ
ʱһС˽ջģҲӹ͸õ廨Ȼ͵͵һµ, з§һתľġ
󣺡
֮ǰôĿŵ
ܿͷӦ˹
ôҲû뵽ŮʿȻôͷͷ֮顣
ڸͻûӦŮʿŭ׼
ʵҲûжϵѾ¶ҪͷһˣһԭҪԵġ
뵽վԭһȻ̧ͷŮʿһᶨûǺӦһˣԵĻϣܹ°
⻰ŮʿֱӾˣ鶼ˣ㾹Ȼ֪ڸġ
˵ţŮʿǸҪȥ
״æסˣ侲һ㡣
ŮʿҪĴʮа˾Żἤ淴󳹵׵Ӧգʱûתˡ
ǿŭ⣬ŮʿȨ󣺡ʲô°ҪǺͲҲˣ궼ʮˣֻС꣬Ŷʮ˵Ĺ°ָ𣿡
Ůʿˣŭ͵û
ҾͲˣôˮĴײ㲻ϲôƫƫϲӦϹ
˵Ҳܺ
Ȼʶ롪ѵΪˣԿüĿ㣿
󣺡
뵽Ŀ̲סƮƮ
ڿɲЩʱ
Ŵǣֻ˵ڿҲͶʮߵӰ
˻ôһˣ˳Ļһ룬Ȼֱҭסˡ
ǵֻΪӦ֮ԻͻȻôᣬΪȥݡ
ԵʱвĶˣӦҵǼҽԺҪǻ㿿׵ĻǾҲȥһ
ֻǵ˺ü飬ûܲӦյĸҽԺݡ
룬ٹʮ꣬¶һзôȽĿȷϻͯݼӦ֮ͻȻͱˣʮа˾ΪǸ
ҼȻܹϻͯˣʿ϶ҲĶȥˡ

ȴˣΪȻû˵ȻҸ졣
˵ǾڱˣҲѲѾʮ˵ʵǲˣĳء
⻰Ůʿȴˡ
Ͼйˣȴͷβֻйһ
Ҳ˲˴롣
ȴڼȲ˵鴫ȥ֮󣬻һңϡɶĸӰ졪
Ӧղʶ죿
¶ûУʱֻвʮ졪ʮʱӦ֣ȻҪӦչ°ˣ
Ҫǣôģܱ֤ӦҲô𣿡
Ȼ󲻵ػֱ˵⻰˵ȥ㿴˭ţ
㰡̫ˣ
ҿǸӦվųɾΪδˣƫƫѾҽ˻飬û֣ԸɴͰͷϡ
󣺡
Ůʿ
⻰͸û취ˡ
˵֮ⷬ۾˲ˡ
ΪʶץסжáΪһ򲽽Ӧֻǵϲ󣬵ôһ˵벻붼ѣԺһΪһ̣ʱҪǲ׶
һ룬̧ͷһȴȻͬԤϵ۾ðˣߵĶȻӦգΪضء

ԣô
Ĵ򣺡ң
ôÿֲŻ磬ȲŮʿˣԷϲӦõ
Ȼˣ˵ֻǰŮʿʲô

ѹܺһٵؽӦյֺá
Ůʿ
㱻һʮͷӶϣ㻹ͦ
ֱӱ˸ˣǱӦǸ˵ϴˣβ
ղžͲŮʿ뵽ֱӷſŮʿˣɣҲˡ
Ůʿ
˺һҲûٻص֮ǰ״̬
ⲢͲˡ
ֱֻӷеĸᣬ˵ʵ̫ʧˣ
СرͬԶһҲȲ㣬Сͱֵرһʱ͸ȥμӸ߿ΪϲԴѧֱ㴴Ȧȥѧҽҵ֮־ڹѧĶޣһܵزmޡ
Щк飬ԶãһֱΪһǵˡ
ȴƵ顣
˵ĿƺҲѹ
Ҳ˵֮ǰô𣿡
ǴӦģúù˾úТǣôТǵģ
˵ǵۿˡ
ĸԶʹΪȥʱ򣬲Ŷʮ꣬ǰ֢ڡ
һöӣô硣
ΪˣŻжmĽޣϡ
Ĭˡ
Ůʿ˵Ӧյ飬ǾԲӦġ
ҪӦһҲУԺ͵ûӣҲٽǰ衣
̧ͷôҲû뵽Ůʿ̬ȾȻô
ŮʿҲֱֱӭĿ⣬·
ڸô죿
һӦգһʮĸ
ۿ˲ͺˡ
Ϊһ᲻á
ȴѡ
ůĴ֮УȴһɳǵĺΧˡ
ڸô죿
š
֪ʱһͻȻ
ʶתͷһ
ֻſڵķջŵƣһεʣܲ仰𣿡
صɴ˫ۣ㣬㡭
Ц˵Ұѳ֮󣬾еԾ͸һԡȻҾͻˣϾܲһ˳Щɡ
⻰̲סݺݵһ¡
ûб黰ˡ
Ҫǹ˼Ůʿֱ˽ջ
ŮʿҲڷӦ˹
˲Ťһ˲ģ
Ӧġ
ȻȻ
㲻Ҫѵ֪ҵĶ𣿡
㾹ȻҲµȥ֡
˵ţ¿˿Ȼץ֮ǰɳϵĸᣬҪȥͷƴ
գ
ûмǴĻǰĳӦһλ֪Ůʿ
ٿǰλ
֪жݡ
Է˵ʵҹһϢҪǣ֮ǰҲ˵˸͹𣿡
רȥظ˲飬ȥֱ֮Ͷ̥ˣⱲӵ˵Ҳ̫ãһĸȥˣĸݶ븧ռĸŲ֮󣬾Ͱȥ˹¶ԺҪȵʮ֮ܳͷء
ʲô
Ůʿֱӽ˰С
ȷӦ˹ᶼˣĸ¶Ժ
ΪӦյĻѾ˵Բˡ
ⱲӵĸѾȥˣǲζܹذ
ʱΪӦҲ˵ˣⱲҪʮ֮ܳͷأҪΪǰ仯Ӱ쵽ĺǾͲˡ
ֻҪ֪ڵĹ¶ԺԺܹȥڲǰ£һЩڹ̫ҡ
ܲ
ȻͿֱͳһֽҰǸ¶Ժдֽˡ


213 
ԷʵΪһ׼ˡ絽֪Ÿ׼ôһưѪʱ
˼ȥ, Ĵϡ
ȻҼҵһӣٻҼһҲӦõġ
ԭĴظæһ㹦, ŮʿһԵĴͶŮʿĶ, Ůʿٰ
ֻû뵽ǣĴΪ, ֱ֮ӾͶ̥ȥˡ
û뵽, ĴⱲӾȻͶһ¶,
ⲻ
һðʡһʹ²˵ŮʿһεʹࡪϾѾôˡ
ΪˣһĻ
⻰ʱ͸, Ҫǰӹֽ
һ, ŮʿͻȻס
ŮʿǿԼջ˷ֽϵ, ҧгݵʲô˼
ɷںƭǣ±һʣ±ӱӽ
Ͼ϶йˣôС˵, ϶Ҳʵڵġ
ɲ÷ջôġϾ˵޳ܵӶŹĳ̶ȡ
Ůʿҿ϶, ʮа˾ŻǸַҪЮͬһ顣
Ůʿ۾˲ͺˡ
Ҫһشӣ
ҪС°뱲ӵҸȥӵϢ, ܣ
Ȼ뵽һ顣
ղʱҲɡ
뵽ŮʿͻȻЩӡ
Ȼ뵽һ顣
ǾǷԿһĻ, ôǲҲǴ˱˼
Ůʿ
Ůʿ۾˲ˡ
գ
òҲ֪Ůʿʲô
ûô
ҪôˣǾͲǺ͵ҽˣǺ͵ҽˡ
ŵʵǿŮʿһ飬Ȼǳ̣⣬һԺٷ֮飬̬ҲôǿӲ
յǰֱӰֽ̯
ʶͷһ׾ٵľͰǸַˡ
ȻղЦ˵㿴ҪӦҵ˸ŶԣҺ飬侲֮ٴҲٲǡ
ڳ˭Ǹ˾أһ룬ŮʿͲµ˷մʲôˡ
Ȼ͸ˡ
Ҵ˸ʲô
˵˵ͲҪ£
Ҳˡ
ţߵ໰ȴҲ˵
Ӯˣ
Էǵȷ
ǿ԰ֽȥĵַѾˡ
ҲԷľ˳ֽϵĵַҹȥ϶ϾǸףһ׷ͺڷ˵ĸס
Էǿǿ
ƫƫǻ
ռ״ֱӾ֣Ҳ֪ǵĹǣֻŪĸ飬ҿԶ췢ģԺһԲ飬ú
˵˶٣Ҳ֪޵֮ˣµĳŵһΥһʵֵģǴɷġ
⻰ĺ˲ˣΪûб黰ˡ
ŮʿɲЩ׼ȷ˵ԵĻѷֱӴȥ
ԷչϸŮʿ֮ǰ˵ˣҵĻ˵ˣҲȻȥˡ
⻰Ҳ̲סˣˡ
նʱЦˣð

Ůʿ
һ㶼ã
Ůʿ˵Ὺôͣ
⼸ʵʵشڼʲôʱˣʲôʱٳȥ
󣺡
ͷһ£ΪŮʿȻǴҪͷˡ
һΣѾһѹˡ
ʶؿ˿գĵ׵ļ尾ͿɬͻȻһɨˡ
Ҹ鱾Ӧ˫飬ôֻܹзһŬء
ŮʿввȥΪô˵Ůʿĸס
ֻСվܣ
գ
˵Ǻܿɰˡ

Ůʿ
ֱ˵Ӱʧ⣬˲ŷӦ
Ůʿֱӱ˸СӣСӡ
ȴĵسĬˡ
˿ֽֿ˿յĴţ̲ס̾һ
һˣСȴ˱˼ҵˣҪǴȥ˻ָôǼأǼҿˣ
⻰Ůʿ˲ըˣʲôСȴ˱˼ҵˣҾͬ⡣
ˣֻ˵㻹СѾҪǸϻ쵰һˣǲͬҲûá
û˶ѾǸϻ쵰
Ůʿ
ˣ
۾˵Ǹ˵ҪȥǸ˵ء
̲סһۣȥڰɣҪӦҵˣ˵Ǹϻ쵰רŸһء
Ůʿ
ӦͺӦֱˣӦôңӦҵҪǱˣӦʮа˾ǴͷűڵǸ
Ůʿ
ʲôתͷô£һϻ쵰Ҳˣôˣ
ջ˷Ŀ⣬̾˵ˣǻǱˡ
Ůʿ˵У
ȴѾԼȰԼ˵ˣȻϻ쵰ǲ࣬ôָ󻹻ǰء
ҲǸϻ쵰ۼңȱǮҲõǵ⡣
ϻ쵰ԶˣٲõʲôԲ顣
鴫ȥ֮󣬻жЦǡ
һҲܽƾǵܶϣͿԲĸܣӦշְ
Ǻ͵Щûһζķ⽨ҳʲô
Ҫǣݶǵϡ
̲סֿ˿ֽ
⻰ŮʿţҪĻȴôҲ˵
Ϊòϣ˵ĵȷе
ҪǣȻԱӦշ֣˭ܱ֤󲻻ӾݵΪһ겻Թǡ
ȻҲήˡ
Ȼһҧˣﲻˡ
궼ʮˣҪǸڱ˼˵ĴˣҲһ˻ҪΪӲġ
ǸСȥɣײǽ֪ǵжж׼ȷˡ
Ůʿƹˤš
Ȼ뵽ʲô͵ָ̧ŵϵЩƬͲ輸ϵļ˵ˣЩǵ˶ɾˡ
ȻӦһ˵ᱻֲ֪ǸȥϷأԵȻãϵ֮á

һߣҲ֪ŷ˶ãֱܲˣĽŲͣ˺ӰߵһСϡ
ʵŷܳŵʱͻعˡ
Ҳû뵽Լô񡯵顣
ڣ
Ű˴СԽȺƻĸоֱҪ̫
뵽ͷա
տ·ճˮ⣬еǹ⣬Ȼ󣬵Цſ֡
ҲĿཻ䣬鲻Խһһ̲סӿ˽ŲȻֱ˽˷յĻ
һ̣ƺ綼ֹͣתֻԼͷյ
̲סڷյĻ˲䣬Ҫøһ㡣
ɲֻЩϾ񡮳ɹô飬ôܹףһء
Եȵ΢ƽ̲ס̧ͷֿ˷ա
֪ܲ룬̲סЦһȻֹ°ֱͣȥ
Ҳ̲ס§סĲӡ
ϣ΢磬ԶĿɿڴ·ˣ£ôճһķ羰
ԶĿɿڴˣ
°Ͷˡ
ֿ泱ʮ껹ҲˣĻͬ
ЩͬȷӦȻ󡭡ֱóֻһġ
ȻǾͼطȦ
#ȫңӦ̫үүȻһ#
#Ѿ#
#äʵѾһҰս#
Ůʿ


214 
ջûע⵽, Ӧ֮󣬾͵һʱЩͼΧ۳Թϵȫ˵¡
ȻҲͲ֪鴫ȥ֮˶ĺ䶯Ůʿεܻ
ֻ֪, ĶĶƨɡ̲ס·ߵ, һ˳Ŀڴһֱֻͣ˳ֱӳػ
Ұսǲܵġǲܵġ
һΪѾҪȺúõ̸һˡڰ֮ڣǣ, ǣҳ̵£ԺԲơ
һ浱ȻΪڵĸȻӲǡ󱦱İ
Էһ㶼
֪òȡȶ, ȴַòֱ֮ӰͻסǸʲô顭
ⲻ˵ղŪĸ
ҪȻĻ, ôܷŹôõĻᡣ
뵽, ĵ׵ʧ˲ɢȥ˲١
˵ֱȥ㹫˾°ࣿ
۾ʱ, ǼҲ˷ɫ, ŷ, صš
ŷҲŷ, Ц˵Ȼȥˡ
󣺡á
ֱյӰʧСſ, ջ, ת˵ݡ
Ȼ̲סͻ˽췢, Ƿհڳ׵¡
뵽, Ҫȥ¥̲סڡ5ϰһ¡
ȻǷշĲṼ顭
˲ͺˣ̲סڡ2水һ¡
ȻŷմӼܳȥ¡
ĶҲˣʶ¥㰴ťˡ0֣źûҵ, ֻ˶οԱߵġ1֡
Ͼ1niеģ뵽ʲô۾ˣΪĳ˵ȷǡ1ûˡ
ڡ1水һ¡
ȻǷհѹ׵¡

ڵȵӵʱѾǰСʱ֮ˡ
˲ϻûϴ裬ֱ˵˴ϣȻűӴ
һ̸ֱ֪ζܺãôҲû뵽̸ζȻôá
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뵽̲סóֻ뿴ûиϢȻŷֻȻػˡ
ף
ֻһŷֻϾȻһٶδ磬ģ´ģҲĺġ
ٿ΢ţǾ͸ֲˣǧδϢ
ʱһ⣬Ϊǳʲô¡
æ㿪ֵϢ򣬽һͿ˾Ÿͼ
ձģ§ŷյĲӵģڷջġ
ȻֶߣΪʲôӵ绰
㿴㶼ʲô£
ϸһ
󣺡
ĵһšȻָɿؽЩƬȫ
˵ŮʿһƬ˦űߵʱô
ֻʱôŷ·ʱֱӾͰˡ
ôôõĻء
ĩˣһ顣
Ƕȣɫ⹹ͼˡ
ȻˣҪƬ˺ÿǷա
뵽̲סֶ࿴ۡ
ŻعȥϢ
֪Ѿ˴Ȧ𣿡

֪ͷաԼֳȻײ˵飬һô᲻﷽գֱóֻƬȦ
ȻǷӦ֮󣬾͵һʱɾȦǸ֪ģڶѾ֪ˡ
󣺡
Դˣĵһ뷨ǣ⼸ռ治ԺƲˣԸȥӰʦ
Ǽ
ŷӦĵڶ뷨ǣȻֺ£
Ϊ˵ѾȦˡ˵˶֪ˣ
뵽һ
ʱҲˡ
˳Ǹˡ
뵽һ⡣
æ¿ȥ

ôӵ绰
ٲҪûˡ
ûˣ
˵ТӲҪҲգȥȥˡ
󳹵׻ˣֻΪŮʿˣҪϾϵˡ
֪һ룬ͿϢ
ˣǸ¶ԺڱʡҺһҪȥϰ£ǵغù˾

һ㶣󴽽̲ס
־Ȼͬͷյ飿
边ȻҲĬˣ
ʲô˼件ϲ
󵱼žػظлл裡
Ȼ̲סűڴϹȦ
쵽ʲôӣȻôϲ¡
һҪϢ߷ա
ҪǣӦǼҳҼҳҲͬǵˣĻǲ͵ڽ

ȻǶ˻ˣǲͿԹһЩ˲Ӧ
ǹôᣬӦòʧɡ
Ķ̲ס˶
뵽͵͵شĳһӪҺͱĤұĤʶѡš
ôǲе㲻̫֡
üͷ΢塣
ִĳ¼͹¼ʲôȫɾˡ
ȻŸ߸˵ش˺ͷյ򡭡
ôҲû뵽ǣڶ磬°࣬ԼȥһӰְһ֮󣬾ֱӰͻ˼ҡ
󣺡
ѵǸ˺ˣ
еɰôһ£
°š
Ҳûа̫ϡ
Ȼǵ죬ճ°࣬ǸһȥֳСʱȻˣûǰһ٣ȻֱӰͻ˼ҡ
󣺡
˾Ȼộ
ǵ죬ȹ°࣬ȻȥСԽֹһȦֱӰͻ˼ҡ
󣺡
е㲻̫Ծ
ֹе㲻̫Ծ
Ϊ졢졢졭һ
֪ĻѾˣչˡһղ˵ЩѾںüˣȻûϡ
Ӧð
ϣڱ͵͵š
˵ԭֻеѣ벻ŶˣϾ챻ҲˣǸ˻һֱò
˵õǸ˺ܻأ
󣺡
Ǹ֮ǰòʱȷʵܻᰡ
ôͻȻͲأ
ȵȡ
ˣ
ƿ
ͻȻһ飬û֮ǰвëš
󣺡
Ͳǹ˵ģϾڴ֮ǰǶΪϻͯϵСë϶Ҳһκˡ
ԷյĴ󱦱ʵûκã
󣺡
˵ڶͷ˾ĹСޣˣΪʲôҪ»ݣ
ʲôߣҲΪ̡ǲУ
뵽
üһ
һֱΪ֮谭ĸĸôҲû뵽ب֮谭ȻǷղ٣


215 
ʲô˼Ҿ磡
˶ɵˡ
Ǹ, ΪʲôҪ
׸һ
Ժô죿
ϺǸ˷֣ʱֹ
һؿɾҪΪȦЦˡ
ǵһЦǸ
Ҫӵ
Ҫǣڵ᲻Ǹˣ
˴ǡ
Ժô죿
ͷհͼ
󣺡
ҲǲС
һ뵽ԺҪʮѵ˲;Ѿʧȥ塣
һ, ְԼˤ˱, һ, סԴ
ԭ䣡
ȵȡ
һ£
ִӱ
ȻвǾ£
һκأ
ڷնôˣΪʲôβԼë
⻹򵥣ֲҽ, βǺ
ҾĶһЩҽǻҽ߲ҽ˵
뵽۾ˡ
һ, ն֪Լ, ֮ǰô, ôûҹҽԼ
ѵЩҽûа취κ÷գ
üͷ
յëһΡ
ҪȻȥΣ
ţ
˲ֱ塣
ˣǰǸҽ
ȻǰѪڿƣпûй̫˽⡭
˭
һʱ͸μӸ߿˳뻪top1ҽƴѧ˶, ѧУڼһġyglҽѧ־ƪĵ, ѧҵ֮󣬸ѹȫͬ, õõҽԺyhhpsjҽԺˡ
ԼڲſʼпƣҲԲ
ԽԽ취С
²˳, ϵǰĵʦ, ԼǰһЩͬѧȴõ˵һֵоϡ
Ųͨ˷յĵ绰
̲סһȻһǸ, һ𣿡
գţ
󣺡ǷĲκ𣿡
ֱӣϾڿվҽĽǶϡ
ҽܲʲôܹƽȥġ
գ
ôͻȻôҰ
˵Ҳˣ
գ
˳ǡ
ҪȻôͻȻ顣
̲ס
ĴôˣֲĸոʶûãһϷϷˣŵľˡ
Ҳ٣Ϊǰ죬ѾһҩССëȫκˣ٣
Էյü˵ѾκˡҪһȥȪ
󣺡
ûκã֪ܲ
⹷˵Ϊֲ뱻֪飬ǵĻ伲ҽ
ǲǰ߻Ǻߣⲡζˡ
󵱼˷յĻҪִ֪ҽѧѾܷˣпƷļѾܹﵽٷ֮ʮˡ
գ
ֱӱŲ˿ɻС
Ҫͣ˵ֻҪܹҵƣҲһܹȬġ
գ
ĶһͣȷϵΣ
Ҳûж룺š
͵ȻѾûˣҪҡ
յĺ¹˹ֱӴĻ׼ôΣ
ʶ˳Ļ˵ȥȼһ£ȷǹϰϰ
ֻ˵˵ţĻͽͰ
Ѿ˲ʰҽˣΪʶҪǸβҪʲôĳ桭
뵽һֱֻӵ˱ϡ
ţ۵һ£ֺͷˡ
һ룬ͷӦ˹ϵֻҪĿ˵յĲѾκ˵ĻˣնʵҵĲȷûκá
󣺡
պ٣һһͰȥסˣҵĲ鼰ʱƷ
˵꣬󷴻ڵĻᣬ͹Ҷ˵绰
Ϊⲻȼ򵥵Ĵ
󣺡
󣺡
󣺡
˵õΪֲ֪Ĳأ
˵õĻ伲ҽأ
㲻Ծ
ⲢҪģҪǡ
Լ˸ӣ
󣺡
ֻﱧűӣ˶ɵˡ
ڸô죿
Ҫܡ
뵽ǰһ
Ҫ绰ȥءȥ
ֻŸոͻȻ־ô̫á
ϾѾӦոβˣȴ
ҪǣյĲǹغԺҸָҪˣԺҸô죿
Ҫȥβ
󣺡
У̫߳ˣ
ֱӾ˾֮С
ڵڶȥϰʱ۵׵ĺȦ԰Ĵèеһƴˡ
ʵҪҪǣ˾֮󣬹˾ЩԱģ鶼Լͬرһ£ڵԶˣԼġôҵ𡯡ۡۡ
һʼҲûаЩϣֱʮȵһ費Ҫϣȷľܾ֮ίȰ˵ǵһ±ȽϺ֮ͻȻӦ
˿飬ֿ˿е桭ΪΪաҹ̫ḻŻŪôصĺȦ
Ͼͷһ˵ϢѾȦˣֵµЩԱ֪ҲΪ档
󣺡
Եܲõ󡭡ˡ
ؼǣԵܲõҪΪҹ̫ḻٵҲˣһЩͷô£
Ѫ
ԡ
ָβξˡ
Ҫѽ׬ǡ
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Լ϶ܹģϾÿһҽ;߱
뵽Ŷ⣬սȭͷ¶˾ġ
Ե磬մļʱ򣬾ײָųĹ˰ѼȫǰĿͷĳ档
չߵĻ˲俨ɤۡ
Ͼͻع
侲
ǻߵ
һ뵽ǰõЩ׼ĵ׶ʱһɣ
ֻһȵһϾͺá
ӣյĿĶɨһۣЦˣš
󣺡
ܾһﲻ⡣
Ǿ仰Ѿȫ׼ˣԴɲٵġ
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ȵȫŪʱѾǰСʱ֮ˡ
Űѿͷѵļ̲סһ
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ҪȻȰ﷽հѼˣ
Ҫ
뵽һҪȰѼˣ
յȻܾϾȵľһء
󵱼ŷսһͷ
ٵֵغܺá
һôţһߴϸһȻ˵ˣȥɡ
գ
˿ֿ˿ǰеĲһ
˵õְּأ
htд
Ŷǽǽ
Ǿûˣ
ֻһʧǰ
˲˴ǡ
Ǯӹ̨ĵʦܸģոзģȽļҪȻİչͨҽԺļⷽȥ顭ǻһ֮󣬸ڶ顣
Ȼһ룬ͷ˵̫ˡ
ȻΪ̨Եʣȥռ⣬ǼȻмȻҲмⱨ氡̨ĿǰȽļ֪䱸ͷжߣһ۶һȵϵĸߡ
ԿʾͼƬ󣺡
ۣ
ԭرһ͸˵
УԺֻʣһ뷨Ǿ֮ǰıĤȻСˡ
ⲻʲôƹĻںء
һ룬߾˷յʲô
̧ͷһʶԼȻʶذе뷨˵˳
󣺡


216 
ʲôǴͶֳ, ˣ
󣺡
˵ǫ֮̃Ͳٵĳܶأ
ôһ£
˶ɵˡ
˭
һòٴϹ
ôܻŹôõĵϷĻᡣ
ŵָ˵¡
ֱӴӼ̨һϵƤ, һüЦû, ´ξо, ´
󣺡
ࡣ
ɱɣ
ʱӦ˹
ڿɲǾЩʱ
ϵ糺˲ȥ˲٣׼оյļ鱨档
Ȼһ顣
ǾǷѾ˼Ӽ̨, ߹
һ, յĶţ
һʪȵϢ˲˴ĶϣʶŤͷһ, ŷַղ֪ʲôʱѾߵߣҪ, ĿҲʾ
ֻعͷ
ʾɲ360ǵչʾ˵ģ
ͬһʱ䣬յ, Ц⼸ڲסԭϲ
˵ľͺ֮Բָ, ôĴôһѼΪЩƬ¼һ
󣺡
˶ɵˡ
ͼƱ磺Ҳǣû, ˵
ȴһҶı飺ϲҲûϵϾڶѾ·ˡ
󣺡
Ҳǡ
ʶ뵽Ȼ̲סֿʾһۡ
Ҫκáβüֱ̫ˡ
Ŀ̲סƮƮ
ŷӦ
ԡ
˼
⹷ˡ⹷˷ڸڿӡ
Ҫӡ
ƫƫƲ
󣺡
һﻹʱ޿̲ò£
Ҳ룬Ҳܿͷò, ֲá
󣺡
ڻϵĲ顣
Ĺע㵱ȻӦõ̬ʰҽ飬ڷУȴһٶòϡ
󣺡
鱥ܼ尾Ĳǰɣ

뱨ȥȥ
ţ
ֱ塣
ͻȻĶ
ڲУò, Ҳûа취
Խ룬Խ졣
Ȼһɨ֮ǰ߳ܡðɣʵֻɨ֮һٲһĿ죺ϲʲôãҲпá
˵ʱ̧̧°ͣʾԼ
пáգ
չȻҭסˣ۾ʱˣĵ׵߳Ҳһɨգֻʣĵ⡣
ЩȻйͷ֮ߡ漴תͷʾŷյ棬Իߴ⻼߳е̫ˣڼҵ˶У׳۶ϻ⣬°ȫ
󱦱ʹգ
پˬָ㽭ɽĻߴ಻ʵһ˵Ҳ̫Ӳͦ
˵Լȷˡ
ôһ˵֮ǰǰ׸һˡ
뵽еĵ˲ûˣֻʣʧ
̲סɨһ۷մĻߣͲѡȻпáһдˡ
÷ȡգ
ûϵпܱûҪá
ֻοԼ
ֻȻô룬ĵ׻̲סʧ
ǼˣǼ¿ȥ
Ѫ򳣹棬
ܣ
Լˮƽ
Ӱ
󣺡ţ
˵Щָ궼ĵĻǷճп˵Щë֮⣬ٲ᲻а
뵽üͷ
ɳʱ˵ô
ʶصһ
գѵǼˣ
󣺡ܡ
mĵʦʦоĻѾģmҽԺˡ
󣺡ѵǸոʱ©ĸ裿
ԽԽпܣϾܲǷûɡ
ôܣ
վҪתҪһμ飿
֪һ룬ͱձסˡ
һӲƤ۵Ķ͵ϡ
ǵͳڿʲôҲ漴𣺡һǾûףһֳô죬ҽԸҼ飬Ͼʱ˿϶ǱȻ׵Ĳ𣿡
󣺡
ǶȻƤۡ
󣺡
󣺡
һû
䣡
תͷա
ǲµһüͷһֱһڣڿɲǹЩʱ򡣡
ԼղŷղԿ˷յ顣
󣺡
۾˲͵Բˡ
ܣ
Ժֻʣһ뷨
ΪֱҪٲܣһ϶ڡ
ûգһתͱǽϡ
ֻһְ߽ǽϣһ˹Լܣˣ
󣺡
ȻĿӾͱˡ
Ȼ֪մĻߵ׺񲻺ʵӲӲͦˡ
ǵϡ
һζ۵ĺȦȥ˹˾
·Ĺ˾Ա֮ɫȻֱһ¡
һΣΪ̫𾪣ûԶʹˡ
죬ԣ˵ѾˡްӦðϰǿҲѵϰ̫ˡ
󣺡

ǷƭȣΪʲô󱻴ȴ
УǰԵܲãĶˣ
ߣ⸹Ŷûи
Ⲣص㣬صĶˣ
Ҳʱ鿴һֿۣһۣȻ̲סִϢóһ棬ίϰ壬Ҫһ𣿡
󣺡
󣺡
󣺡
Ĭ˺һֻһ䣺ùɣ

ڹҸʱҲ˲ٵ顣
ŮʿԶﱼʡУһĵ峿ʹطˡ
ͬһʼûֱѡ߾ȹʰʽŵĹ¶Ժװһ飬ȻڳһѧᣬרԮʧѧĹ¶
˼ͥԲȻҲ³ҡ
ͽ̣ҵԸ񣬿϶ǲ̵ģٶʮˡ
ֱӦϻȥ֮󣬾ͱֱͽҽԺһֱڶѹ
ѹ֮Ҳ֪ĺˣֻϷգסӦҼҵǹӦҵΣԲͣ˸ͿţҪһ档
Ȼ£յ⡣
տûжԼİãֱӺЩš
Ҳ֪飬ǹϳ־˼Ӧŵˣ֮û˸ҰӦˡ
֪Щ֮ӦԷյ̬ȺܿʹϣԹޣͱʹˣûãΪʱʧػմ
һɵӦЩϵҲɵˣΪӦûء
Ӧմ֮ûзЧġ
԰շɹ涨Ųȫ鷽ռ̳УûҲΪķ˴ĲƲ
ǵıҲôˮһˣƫƫǻҺͷǺ
֮Ҳɲ÷ղġ
ڶ죬ӦͱȥһҲòԺֻʲôʱˣͰŲȫȥҲΪСӦջˡ
Ӧ⣬ûٵˣͬЩԤϵ÷ն֣ڶ죬ͱһȺ競ִȡ
ĹɷݣǮܷͷзڣڣڣ˭ðŵǵķȥɽԸû˸Ĺɷݣǵɷݼֵüڡ
һһǧϵǵɷˡ
žѱӦˬ˰ɡ
Ϊոҵʱ򣬾а취ѷմӦҷߵЩɷݶߵġ
ӦջûܴǮ˳
Ϊ÷յֱ֮ͬӦ彫Ӧ˷ͥҪôӦ͸Ķٷ֮ӦϵĹɷݡ
Ҳ˵Ӧ󲻽ðһǧ򻹻õǷնʮڡ
³֪


217 ү
պһʮꡣ
ʱ, ȴȻָյٹ⣬ҺҼҸһ, š
СҲ丣˹а
Ͼһ׬һˬ, һ߸ڡٻһӿ߰׬
ĳɹܿڹ֮˺䶯ȿֺҪͶȻҲҪҪǿȢͼõġ
콣, Щļһ³֪
νվڷϣ, οС㱾ͻɡ
ܿͷӦ˹Ȼ, ֱһ, ԼҺһ, Ͻֹ˾
һ̽˾, ҪҵǰеܺѰԷ֤ݡɲ֮ǰæȥѰֹһҵ֤С
һѰ˹˾, רŰѰʧ߱˺, Լͨﷸ
һӰ˾, רƬͿֲƬ
ΪԱֳɵ, ЧԼУ籾ýʾ֭ȥ롪Ϊһ, ľһֳɵѪʷ
Ϊ籾࣬ɱЧ棬ҵӰ˾ŵʱ, һ˶ʮƬ, Ʊʮڡ
ʮƬܶûһӰƱ࣬˵ƽһҲڣҪ֪껪ƱҲŲʮ, ڴ֮ǰ⾪ƬһٶشƱ漣ʱ򣬻ƬȴǹϵġƬһƬƱֻԪƽһƬƱŰ
ֱӰһϷΪƬ֧һꡯ
Ǻŷ֣⻹ֻһʼ
Ϊڹվ˸֮ҵӰ˾ͿʼѰչǻt˹޾ƬĹֺھһ֮ĳһкӰƬڶʮ˳羪Ƭģĳ󼶿ֲӰһѹͬڵhlbsp;   ȻҵӰ˾Ͻɶȫ½һʽֲ԰ΪļԱĹЧ֪
Щ԰һȳΪȫ羪㤵Ӱߵıر򿨵أ˳ھջ˳ɱһҵӰ˾񻰹´ء
ȻˣЩǺˡ
ԭǲͬߵǰģΪǵ̫࣬ʵҲǿһŽԶܹƿصġ
ҪǣǺٷֹ顣
ΨհΪ콣ÿṩǧͰϴˮܹƵҩ׭ͷȻоԵתȥٿعʵļ۸񣬾͸mЩٷ˾ٿԭϵļ۸ݻٻļٷҵһmͺ˹ȵжԹҵˣתݺݵر˵mͺ˹Ʋǵһ֮
˵õʱָһ£㹻һˡ
ҶѾ˹һٷҲûá
ټϺСҵԽԽ󣬽ɵ˰ҲԽԽ࣬Ϊʮλ
ҾֶΪδ߻ŶӵȴתͶ̥֮УͷֱȽϽŻȻҲͲ¡
Ϊ±Ͷ̥ȥתͶ̥֮ǰһ㶼ὫʣµǮȫȥΪԼһЩ£൱Щ׬ȫǮȻfӶ˶ػ˲ѹĻֻĬĬر죬񵱳ǵ֪ҲûдңӦյӵʱһ
СԽԽһٳΪ׸
Ҳһ꣬ŮʿȺȥˡ
ڶʮǰǾʽϻǵĴӣҲȲؽ˾ӸǰֵܵܣȻչ˸ƣûУߣԣûڣ
֪Ůʿ֮ǰжิӡ
Ϊʮǰ˶һ÷Ūĸ飬ʮȥˣ˵ʶ58ˣЩ곰ǵĺŶ֪Ū˶ٸ˽ˣպһ𣬶Ҹһ
ΪĸԼĶӻο͸˵ġ
Ůʿŷգ̲סһ̾ϢӮˡ
Ȼű˫ǵ˫ۣ뿪˼䡣
պ״΢΢һЦĬĬս˶Է֡
̶ܴϣҲΪǲͣôá
ȻҲжĳɷڣҲǱ˲
Ȼǲһ뿪硣
ȻˣҲûǰ۵ĲƲȫȥ
ˣ콣ġ
˭뵽أ콣ҾȻȷյĻ񣬽ǧڣ֮ôңֻΪÿ궼ҺһЩϴˮ
Ȼ󣬷վִˡ
һĶ
ǣ
лǺ⣿ڰǰ
ҪȻΪƾǶǵīˮѹôӺԹ֮ӣϽʿ

ףǰôûз֣лųþ˵Ĺˡ
˵л֮ҪˣΪ˸ýͲĸ𣿡
ˣǸ㲮ĸһҵ˺һˡ
ֻҪ˱һ˶ѣ㶯ָͷܰʰҪ֪һֱСŮ޸ңһҵģȨơλҪʲôԸ㡣
۾һ
̻Ի͵Ĵһڵصǰֹ°͡
ٿһԸողĵ棬Լӳһɫе
գ
ǸоԼ
ⲢҪҪǰῡˣɲš
Ҳһ𾪵ؿ
գ
ǳĳϷ
æǰļ䡣
һ˵һڵˡ
̲סӣȻջ֡
лڣ
ŷӦϵҲϤ˳ͷŭ
Ԫƽʮ꣬ǬովԣлһԵĿ
лڳһңǸĸţȫѾڼҵĲĸˡ
ԭ;ԿϾ֮󣬾ûټϿ
û뵽ǰһλ漮صΪȥڴǹ֮żҾصТ
ûãĵŮСһ;Уǿˡ
ҿýķ֣ôżС˾
Ϊʱ˶С㱻ǿ°ߵһĻΪ˱ȫҵб˽С޸֣ٵ˼
Сڵ֪֣ѾȢ֮󣬰ٰ㷴ԡ
еĴ㻹ֹЩ
ΪеĵŮȻȥһ̻檡
ֱҵ֣١
֪еĴ֣֮ٲ׼ܾϲ
Ϊ֣̣Ȼ֣ǮʿеĵλԶлңΪˣŻʾ֭лҽס
˭ʿС
ȻֻƷ֮ףƹ¹ԱǨ¼ãƷƷ֪ҲҪƴͽᡣ
ȻڶڼңʮĹ٣ʮڣҪ𸴻顣
ԶζС
֣ôܷŹϵڱӦ˵֣ôܷŹϵڱ
Եڶ죬֣˾ͱý֣ٺ롣
ý㱾ǸƢ֪֣˵ͼֱ֮Ӵ
֣߳ŭȻֱý㲻ТΪɣ˼飬ýݻ˼ҡ
֮͸һ
ǽ֣Ҹ˹ãȴµУֱд֣ýǺϺ飬ʵý㲻Тŵ
ǬТ£ԲТȻ
лϵý۵лҵǨŭǣȻȥʦʱýл
ý㲻ӣǾֱӶý㣬ĸ״ײ
С֪֮Ծý㣬ҲԾˡ
ۿҪִеϣֻ˵СΪǿ°ߣΪ˱ȫԾġ
Ϊ⣬Ҳȫ˽Ůз߷ڵʢ
лΪֺУΪ˱ȫԼҲֻ˵ýͲĸǱеġ
Ҫȥҷ飬ȴлֱӹֱʦҲװ;֪л˲Űų
ôûˡ
ֻΪ֡
лڵѪ
ζΪýͲĸ
ֻһССľˣҪ⵹Уֱ۵
Ȼӱʮ겻
Ż̤ƳΪľͨƾ٣ϸλʰк֣١
ȻƾһΣûṳ̈ԵĿТϵоѾ˳ˣһǹٸԭְ
СˣҺ֣ҵĻԼҲˣΪ˲֣٣֮б㶯ȥ˹Ӽ顣
û뵽֣Ҳ˳סᣬڹӼСӣˡ
л֪лͬ۵ƭлˣȴһƭк֣٣ΪԷһҲһǧټƵֹˣֱֻٵ
Ҳʱ˵˵飬±ҧһЩͶ£ͼȨƣڹٳվȸš
ǵͶЧҲʮָˣΪλʦ̵ǡ
ԴˣȻǸмѣƺҲûдôơ
ֱԿǾ㤵طֿ⾹ȻλʦƽǲõĿҵһģһ
ǿƾף


218 
һεĿƾװԪƽԪ, ʱµ۸ոյǻչ͢ӿһζơ
µ۵ǻ֮ĵһοƾٿ, Ҫοƾٿпнʿ, Ǿµ۵ĵһԼĵһµͶĸ϶ǲһ, Խ϶ǡ
ΪʿӶζƵӳ̶ȿ֪
˶ǷʵĵģΪ˳Ϊһ뵽İ취ǻ¸١
ʱĽϣΪǬԣĵ, ĿȱľǮˡ
ǡõʱ͢ȥֽԵĿֶһȺϴǮ۵ġ
ڹһ, ǰʮȻǽϺ֮ӣŵƷ֮ͽ, һʱ֮, һƬȻǧʿ̧ŲǰԺֱӾִˡ
Ϣǣµŭǲղǰϳ¡
󣬽ʮȫն, ҾϤ
ȡþ˹׿ȫûҲ, ǣǧӷҲȫ̡
Ϊ⣬˺ʮ꣬Ƴ׼
֪, һع⣬ȴǵĽʲô
лôҲû뵽ճΪ֮·ϰصˣɵк֣٣Ϊݵ
Ҳ֪ȿ϶ȫ׼ԲŸô
Ҳ˵黹пȥġ
лڲȥǸһֱж˿ԣ˳ͼ˵ԪƽͶס
ֻǲһ
ôҲû뵽ܾĽ飬Ϸ
뵽лһһò֡
Ҫǹ˼ݣֱ
ֻҧгݵ£ء
ڽǰļϵķգ
ǴǬԪƽʮ꣬λǴǬĵڶλʵۣԪƽۡ
ǰգȻ´ǬΨһһλԪƽ۵ĶӣԪƽ۵ĳʶ̫ӺТ̫Ÿӡ
ƾǵķž֪ʶ̫ӹλ϶ֲλԪƽġ
ҪʮǰҲĩ˵ˡ
ʱԪѾȺɡġϽ
ʮҲԪʮ꣬Ԫγ͢һ֧½Ű׵ԕmɽһԾ£
Ԫһͳԭ֮ȴ˼ϢңΪ˳ѺͷҵĽǮԪ͢䱾ѹȺˣѹ֬࣬αŰΪص׷塣
ڽֻԪʮһʱͱİٶೡ塣
ʷϣЩ嶼Ԫ͢ѹˡ
ʷȴһ䡣
ⳡʵ˹ǬʵǬ̫ĳʶ̫ӡ
Ǭֻ̫Ǹ͡ݵһͨʵֵΪפصصһԪʿʶ̫ӵͯϱТ̫㵱ˣǬ̫浱Ȼӣ֮УȻʧִǸԪʿ
Ϊ˶Ԫ˵ıǬ̫汻ҹżӽɽ֡
ʱ͡ݣΪּ࣬Ժܶطʧȥصũ񣬶ǧټƵƾӵֵأͼٸ̰
ȻܲҵǣǬ̫ոմż˶ûãʡͽӵ˳͢·ĴҶս񣬶Ҫһ֮ɡ
ʱĸеΪڽĻṩľĺʯϵԾǰѳ鶡ߵĳҲһܴչôۡ
ǸĹԱͰǬ̫Щɽ֮еͨϡ 
ûãʡ㼯ͼЩͨȫץۡ
ŷѾǧ½õķӾôٱһѻˣǬ̫޿̣Ͼʹűץİһˡ
Ϊձܿ췢չˡ
Ӱ£ʡ־ʿ׷壬໥Ӧ
ȵ͢Ӧʱ򣬶ʡѾ
͢ͿʼдΧϣ򱻼򱻴ɢʱǬ̫ʮʶ̫ӵĽ飬սķҹʹԪƣڱĲбʵ
νͬģϽǵĲиŬ£ĹģԽԽ󣬲ڶʮԪϳԭأǬ
ǲԪ͢ģ˻ĮҲɶԭػ
ֱʮ󣬲Ԫʵۼݱµ۵ǻ
λµƺûĸôҰģֻʵʵԼƫԶʵۡ
ֱӸǬ̫һţʾԸǬΪֵܣԺƽǬ̫ʶ̫ǰǬͲԪĽ紦ֳǻˡ
ʱԭأΪս
ȻʮϢԶԶûиա
Եʱĳ͢ҲϣͲԪꡣ
͢ջѡ˴ӦԪµ۵롣
˭Ҳܱ֤һǲԪıΪԷһʶ̫飬Ǭ̫ȥμӵĻˡ
ôҲû뵽ǵĵľȻˡ
ԪĿĲǺʹǬ̸Ϊ˳ʶ̫ӡ
ΪͲ׼μӻ˵һʶ̫ӣΪʶ̫һТܴӦǬ̫գμӻˡ
ǿֻҪʶ̫ӣǬͲΪˣΪôȥˣǬЩѾϵϣǬ̫ҲѾһֻ̤˷Ĺ
˲ԭֹᳯʡС뼯ʮȵʶ̫һһΧֳǡ
ʱӵԪƽ۷Ԯʶ̫ӣȴΪͽͬվ
ʶ̫ӳȻԴ׷ž
ʶ̫ȴΪ˲ΪԪķ²ˣڱĴ֮Ծˡ
ϢǣҰ𵴡
ʱѻ̥µТ̫˵֮󣬱ʹ֮£ֱˡ
ͱѾܴˣԺӸոҲˡ
һҹ֮䣬ӶϱȫûˣǬֱ̫ӾͷˣԼѾʮ䣬ԴַԪڴ곹׻Ԫ²ˣԪҰԪµڴ뱻ֻвԪµ۵ĵܴܵȥ˸Ĳԭ
ɱ˷²ĲԪҺԪ֮Ǭ̫Ҳ侲
Ȼκȡʶ̫ӵĵλΪ˴ǬɽΪ°룬Ҫһλ̫ӡ
ƫƫʣµļûһܱȵʶ̫Ӱֻ֣ڰ߸ҲڵԪƽΪ̫ӡ
ҲΪԪƽԶʶ̫ӣԵʱеϳʶ̫һĹ̫Ԫƽۡ
Ǭ̫ѹţǬ̫ݱԪƽۻ˳ǻˡ
ǻ֮ĵһ飬Ǵʶ̫ӵļҾ죬Ϊʶ̫ӺТ̫ŸӵոֱӱƸΪ
ΪǬĹ涨Ψнܷ֮
ս֮һĬʵ۵ĹΪĳλӵķţλΪ̳˵˵
ҪǣһԴ˵Ԫƽʶ̫ӵļյ죬˵֮󽫻λյĻ
Ԫƽ۶յĺüǸ棬ǻ֮󣬾ֱӰսӵ߸ڴڷͣڿⶼй䡣
簮£մСǾһԣԺζͨʮ֮ǰŹӰʮ֮Ź͢سԪƽȥƹ鶼ó
ԪƽۻӲذѹֻĹ١
֮£Ԫƽ۵ӼֱǼһ
ǴСͷҲˣӽ궼ʮˣǸǬҵľλΪȣ϶·ֱΪһֿ
ԴΪʳӣƽѾϵõܣҪ
һ볯֮׵ֱ춼һЩ޹ؽҪְλ϶š
֪ЩӶж༵ޡ
£֮ԻҪˣƳ鶼ˣΪǰӹǱϽ
ǿɲǵʶ̫ӵľɲ
ֱԪƽ۲ĳ谮
˵ԪƽҪѻλôһζȴ̵ι֮
Ͼƽն֪ɱӡ
ǾãԪƽ֮ôһΪ˰סЩʶ̫ϳΪ˰ܻЩϳʧҲͲҪȥȡλá
򵱳ռʾҪȥԪƽΪʲôӦ
õ˵ĵط˵ȥһ֮󣬾ͻĺأ
ΪԪƽ۵ս˾֮󣬾ͻʶ̫ھеľɲϣʱвĵλ
սŽɣΪԪƽ۶ĺ˼ٵģЩϽ˵ĻҲеϾֻ˵ΪƲϧеģɴû˵ụǫõģ˵ǻλˡ
ջǽЩϽĽ飬ǾǾ콨
ⳡƾ¹ʡ
ҲʱлҲ侲ҪĿɲϷ飬ǿƾ׵顣
ǿŭ⣺£ƾ׿οڻӶΪжд̣һһֻ¶ǵļ֮£˵ⳡƾҲǹݺġ
˵лڵɫһ䣬ΪԽԽԼܲʲô
æ˵£ھȥ̹黹üϾô۰ֻҪһᷢġ
ҲعȻ󲻵ڣʹһ
ʲô

󡢴ӣ
̧ͷһһӱ˽
գ̧°ͣһգڿϵڽҷ͵й¶⣬ͼ׵飬ץϳ󡣡
䣡
⻰лڵɫ˲Ͱˡ


219 
лôҲû뵽, Ĳ²⾹Ȼˡ
龹Ȼ˹ľ֡
ôڿϵڽҷ͵⣬ͼ׵顣
ǵ³ƺѾ˶ˡ
뵽, лڵ۾˲ͺˣɱ˷յĶˡ
գ
ֿ־ǻ᳡, ǵһ
Ҳ֪, Ȼնרõһ֣Ļֿ϶Ѿ˳ֵ֤, ԾʱôƱ¶ûõġ
λҲЦô⡣
Ҳֻ, ΪֵͼĻ᳡, ôѵõ
򵥵ķϵ⴮Ԫƽʹ͸ǰľ˵ɾλõɮӳʮһķ飬ֱڳϰһԻЩ֤ˡĿڰϴˢ
һģֱӴл·ϾֻǸͨĹŴ, ֻһèĹӦҲԺˡ
ʱʶ̫ӵĴ, б, ˡ
Էһ㶼ţǾ߰ɡ
ô侲ӣӷסˡ
ΪԭΪῴվʧ롢ĵӣʱҪôյĻѾˣ⡪
ͷӦ˹, ֮ô侲, ΪһԪƽۻһʱ, סɣ
뵽̲סЦ
ʱˣվȻô
Ҫʶ̫֪Ȼôһ, Ҳ֪᲻ֱӴӹײ
Ҳ׼գϾԼ̵˷Ǹǳ治Ǹ
뵽ӴЦ˵Ǿ߰ɣ
˵ַ꣬ԸһӱĹȫץһߣ
ǡ
ڻʳԱߣҲӵĹ򣬷յ˾ͱ˷ǰ
Ϊ챾ʮһεĴ󳯣ϳµǻԻܸϹѫسѾϹˡ
Ӽ״æѹϵĵ⣬صʣѺˡ
̧ͷһŵһʮģް߰׵ˣһŭݣ촽ף۵׵ڸڲס
Ȼվסˡ
˶
գԪƽ̲סץֱߵĲյݺݵˤűߡ
ȻָŷնһȺ˵˵⵽ôһ£
һȺ˿ɲǰʱģԭӦڲμӻԵˡ
еңеߡ
ߣ
ǰҲ֪ݿƾٿԣЩѧӰΪЩѧĽ̵ǵʦʮа˾ǲҸðôķյģֻ˼Ĺˣľǵȵ˿ϣЩѧӷ˿è壬ΪԼǰ룬Ϊ˲ͽ¶ˣҲֻܸͬۡ
˵ǰѵôһء
ʵϣĻļƻҲȷкܴĿܳɹġ
˭ͷβһıأ
Կɲνġˡڿϰҷ˵
տֻǸߵġˡֱվֱ壬ϵ£ǲʵһ̫ˡ
ʲôǳ͢ղŴ䣬ǹܷξðĸȻ͵⣬ҡҸ鶼ˣоЩڵĶˣǱΪ飡
˵úá
⻰ʷԹٴ˵
һ˵ţһ߻عͷ߷ߵصһ۷գһ˵ϡ
ָԪƽԵһֽҪûЩ˵ЩѧЩѧӶѾѺ滹û·ĿȫĬдˣ֮ǰĿҵ֤͵⣬ͼٿؿƾ֮Ѿǰ϶ʵˡ
ҲʱһԱŲҴҵ˽˵λʦѾˣ˵ЩȷǵģֻǵʱûֱӸǿ⣬Ǹһλģ⣬ΪЩĿĵȷˮƽǾͰķԸЩȫҵЩѧˡ
˵꣬ԱԼͷ׵ԪƽۺһԵĹԱϵı飬ֱӳŹĩβлЦһ·˵ɣѧʶٺʲôãǳ֣Ѿȡˣ˵Ҫλöʦ
˿ɲǵлڵý֣١
һĻлڵ۾˲͸ˡ
ˣҪʵ˿ƾ׵Ķʦ϶Ҳᱻġ
Ҳûа취ܹ֤ԼףΪûڵһʱЩѧһڽҷ
˵Ϊ˼Уˮõϣ˵ʹ
뵽лѾ˲ϷŭˣһҰףֱӱۡ
⻰ǼŵϽ۾Ҳˣæϥǰ¾ϣһ˹ߵ¡
ΪҲ֪ЩϽͬ򵽿ƾȥЩ飬ġ
⻰ЩʷԹٵ˵ߣô֤ݾͰǵ˵˵˭߸
ôˣ֮ǰʱ򣬿鶼ˡ
ǣ߹ؽگ뾩ȴͻȻ˾ǡǣѵı췴
һƽһס
ЩʷԹ˲͸ˣ´֮
ϣĵȫ׽ϲ¡

ǼλϽɫ˲Ͱˡ
ı
һıʵıǲˡ
뵽ƵĿڳĹԱЩŵĿѫΪǾ㲻ʶ̫ӵľɲҲǵ꿴ʶ̫ӳģʶ̫ӵĳ
ֻҪǿվΪ˵飬黹صء
û뵽ǣǵĿ⣬Щ˾ȫƿĿ⡣
һĻϵ˲ȫ˲š
ڳλȴǲЦ
Ϊǵȵľһء
ЩϼһҲ룬Ԫƽ۵ǻʮˣƨɵĻλҲѾˡ
ЩѫɳѾʮ֮߰ˣʣµЩҲֻ̤˹ŹأǾ㲻ΪԼ룬Ϊǵ롪
ΪҲ֪ҪǸΪճͷԪƽ۾͸ǵ
ο׻Լֲֹǡ
뵽ǶԪƽ۾͸ˡ
ΪЩѫɳһ򿴲ԪƽۣǾ̫ʶ̫ӴģҪʶ̫ˣλֵƽ׼˸λöʶ̫Ӹм
Ԫƽ۸ոյǻǼ꣬ЩѫɳԪƽԳʶ̫ӵ顪
飬һ˶ܲˣοǻʵۡ
ԪƽȴӲһ̾ʮ̵꣬Щѫɳһ˹ײģ̵ڱһϲģȻһ·
ڣڿ˳سˡ
ҲֻΪԪƽ۲ĵ۰գһжΪ˱סԼĻλ
жϵҪԭǣյֶԪƽ
ûȻʶ̫ӺТ̫Ÿӣʶ̫ÿɴֻһ
ȻһһΪԼʶ̫ӵĳӣԪƽȴûʣͼıգ·֮Ԫƽңյġ
һΪʶ̫ӵĳˣʶ̫ӵ³ӣӦ̳ʶ̫ӵһУԭӦʶ̫ӵĻλûüͱ淢Ծġ
ֻдŻպԾ
ǵʮа˾ŶԪƽġ
֪ԪƽҪĸмʶ̫ӣôܶôݵ֡
ϾǶӣҲʶ̫ӵӰ
οڣգʶ̫ۿҲҪֳ̤ĺˡ
뵽תͷ˷ա
ϾЩǿûٱͷҲֵճζˣ
ȻǾͿϳ˾֮⣬Ȼûһ˿ĺºͿֻš
գ
ڻع
벻ȶѡ
Ϊû뵽ȻϿʥ
ģ


220 
Ԫƽ۶յ۰Ȼġ
ţ
Ԫƽ۵˼١
뵽, ̲סһ
Ԫƽ۵ɫѾܵѿˣ뵽ʲôҵؿ, ˺ѷεֱڳԱŵľ
ϡ
һԵܹ̫״æǰԪƽ滺
׵Ӽ״, һתײǰλӣֱ, ϵĲյͨһȥ˵ʡ
һĻӵֱӺ, ֻһȫҧˡ
Ȼ˵ȡ
ȴɱһĵ顣
գ
ϧʱ, ҪִʲôӰ۱, ӵ۽, ֵ
һԪƽ۲ڻ
ӹĲյغһڡ
ۿϵĲҰȥ˴룬ڳԱһ
̫ӻû, Щ̫ƽԪƽʱɲܳ¡
ȻǾ̲ס, ԪƽۺôҲһݰղҪΪ̫˷Կ˹ȥʲô
ô룬ǻŭ˵ϴ㻹㿴ϱʲô
, ˣ㻹ʲô˵ģ

⻰Ԫƽֱ塣
òҲ֪ΪʲôҪֻԡ
ҲãЩ鶼Ϊأ
뵽Ԫƽ̲סһ˿ġ
ЩӼ״æѹ۵׵˷ܣתͷա
Ͼǵȵľһ̣
ЩϽɫ˲ֱˡ
Ҳˣܳ£Ͼʶ̫ӽˡ
뵽һҧҪհȫϣЩ鶼ǡ
Ҳʱ򣬷ҲӦ˹
Ȼһ¡
ϾԭЩӦԵķǽԪƽǸС˵Ļϵģ˭뵽أλԪƽ۶յ۰Ȼġ
ôЩȻҲͲˡ
ԡ
׼ȷ˵лʵɽˣʲôأ
Щӡ
üͷһ
Ӵˡ
ǼϽĻ壬Щȷġ
⻰һ˶סˡ
ΪôҲû뵽Ȼôֱӳˣͺһ㶼Լ³һ
ôܣ
Ҫ֪һͱʱΪ˼ԪƽҪǰôţֱײʶ̫ӵĹǰĻ˵ˡ
Ըղһˡ
ȻǾռ˵ҴǶ͵ģ³죬һ˵ѾõĻԿ͵Ƕˣʹ̽壬͵͵ѿⷭ˳׼ԵʱҲôɡ

ЩҲȷЩʦѧģҺǡ
˵ն˶٣Ȼ˵ллˣèֱ֮ж˿ԣܵΪ˹Ȱңϴ󡣡
⻰л̧ͷ
ôҲû뵽ûǱ˵˻
һٲõԼⳡƾװˡ
ڼ⼸λϽǴӹϻģΪֶ˻룬ܾʲôҪֶ
ǧֶĴôֶУֶһһаԹԡ
˵ֱ꣬ӹȥʵʵظԪƽۿһͷ
֮жʱһƬѻȸ
ûһξȻôʵ
ǼϽȷӦ˹
ȻǵҲ
Ǿ֪ʶ̫ӵĶӾٻҲĶȥ
ԣڿɲ˵Щʱ򡪡
Ԫƽ۱ͺ޲ճЩȫԼͷϣǲԪƽ۶ֵĻ
ǵ˵ϣЩ鶼Ǹɵģû˿Ĺϵ
ЩӿɲǰĻᡣ
ǵǵЩʹ˸ɫ
ԵԱվ˳ǵ˲ͰǼϽĻѹȥϣ֤֤ڣԼҲ͵Կ飬νӷͬּ˾С
ϣ֮ԣԽԽõսľһ䷸˻ĸؽⲻ˵ĸ޹ģ෴ǡǡ˵Щһֱ;йᣬһϵ;йϵУֱ˾֮ģ·˽֪ϣ
ϣ볹¡
ȸ顣
ǼλϽֻǰһڡ
ЩˡЩҪذ
ԪƽŷӦ
ˡ
ŭ˵
ʱ
ԪƽɨһЩĬѫɳһۣתͷա
˷ող˵Ļ˵Ƿ˻죬ŻЩ
ֱΪʲôỳ¡
һɴ̬ȣԪƽ۵΢һЩ
ϾģôƽЩСء
͵⣬ͼƾҲʵɲʲôСˣҡĿǴǬĸ
뵽ԪƽĿھһ¡
һΣٲģҲҪʲôѵˡ
ҪǣҪǲصشֻҲԶסڿڡ
Ԫƽһݣ˵ãȻйϲ䣬ˡ
ּȥ֮λΪگó
ڳһڹԱ
Ҫǣ㲻ֱӿյԴҲҪշϵʮ壬вһ£ϵȾ⡭һȻҲڲˡ
Ͼ˭֧һзϵʵء
ʶؾҪԪƽ۽ԡ
Ԫƽ۸ǻ᣺ˣ鵽ΪֹǼ߹ؽȹɡ
ٹ٣
Ԫƽ۾Ȼľ׼ôŹˣ
Ȼôģ
ȵȡ
յ֣ɲͶڱԪƽ۹֮󱩱еġ
˻
Ԫƽ۸ûŹա
Ǵȥֵĺ󳾡
նѾˣ죬ҲƲʲô
һʷ鹤Ҳյ̵ͷϣ෴ٲ˻ҪһԪƽ۵ĿݣϾնð֮踵ˣԪƽȴǿˡ
ϾͬǿƾףʮǰԪƽۿһʮԴٶˣǧˡ
ݻԪƽۺݣ
뵽ԱͬһڻӶֻͷһݣǵصǡ
Ҳװݵֶл

鵽Ǹһˡ
ȻԪƽ۵ȴˡ
޹֮Уֱ̱ϣôѫɳȻûһվ˵
ûбڵģȴǴһ͸͵͵ӹܻܻҲˣץ˸š
ܹһ̫Ѩһ߸̾һ
Ԫƽۣؾ䣬ǳһġ
ݺţΪ޶ȣսҪǳ飬Դֻ¶һyˣĻڵٻ󡣡
ݲο£ʱĸѲǳɩͶɩ̧ĸʮɽ·ĸ͵ҽݣŵ˳
أǾôرֳɩģ
˵̲סҵؿ
ϣΪذ
ܹܼ״æ滺˱
ˡ
ò׻Ԫƽȴ˵ʮǰĶ飬ȵٻҪ
޼ǵãؾСŮϴĲ
ŵСȢá
ο¡οأ˭ţ
ܹܣݲĵճӵİ
ǰڶǻӵˣﻹ˵ϼʮǰĶŸء
Ԫƽۣѵѵ˵ûѾ߹ˣ֮󣬾Ͱ񷨣Ϊ̫ӡ
ǻǺǼӽ͵һ
ܹĬĬ
ȱľΪ˻λɱɱ֣ɱӵĻʵˣԪƽȻĴѻλֶӣ⻰˵ȥ˭Ű
Ԫƽ۸ʶ̫ӺТ̫Ķ飬ѻλλȻôġ
Ͼǲ˾ĻȴǷֿɵõ֮ϵĻλתȥϵõܸ׳ƳܴӦŹ֡
ֻЩȻ˵ġ
Ǿ˵ԪƽҲ뵽ŭϣôôһȺϡ
ЩҪģҪǣԼ
뵽ԪƽԼĬˡ
˵֪н죬ȥʱҾͲΪİΣ
˵ְ꣬οԼûϵʮ꣬лġ
ֻ˵ۿȴˡ
Լ߰׵޽ǣҽҲʮ꣬ȴѾˣҲ֪һܽꡭ
˵ҵؿ
ܹһϡ
Ԫƽȴţǰ谵⣬˵һΣһҪһͷ˵Щ֮ͻᶮˡ
ܹܣ
֪Ϊʲôܾе


221 
һ, ҲڰԼס
ΪԪƽȥľλȻҲͲסˡ
ֻǰͻʵʹ͵һЩջȥˣյЩ˽ˡ
Ųͷ
Ȼʱ˼Ӧ顣
֪, Щӿ϶ǲŹġ
ϾǮɱ˸ĸοԪƽԽǴĿǻλ
Ȼʱ֮ڣԪƽ۸ЩһӦû취ô
Ԫƽ۵, ƺǻ˼ˡ
ҪȻܾԪƽ۵ĺ⣬ѻλøЩӣ
ǲ䣡
οǰû۸ǣҪЩӵ˻ʵ, ֻѹԣЩֻ½ôĶ֪
ϾԪƽ۴ô, ܲöĶ֡
ҪԪƽ۵Ը̳лλ
գ
ǻˡ
˵лУʵֻۣ½⽭ɽôĶ֪
οʵְλ, Ǿе󰡣ԪƽŲʮ꿴ȴѾ߰ʮͷӾ֪ˡ
ʵǲʵ۵ģⱲӶʵ۵, ֻܵɢүֻܼү, аеӡ
뵽̲סһ۵ָС
Թ
ȻʵۣǼҲʺʵۡǾֻԪƽۼˡ
գ
⻹Ǹ⡣
뵽üͷһ
ΪԭûãԪͻͬʡС
ϾǬϢʮ꣬Ҳͬݷʮꡣ
ͬǬ̫Ԥϵ, Ԫƽ۵ʱ֮ʶ̫Ӳ˲ֹһǰ㣬û⻼ǿһس֮
̫ãƫƫĲĲԪҲԪµۻǸģδָᷢƣȻ޲ս޲ʤһȺ൫Ұı컹ĶӣټһŽҴǬˮЮֱӻۼε࡭
ԵȵԪٴϯʱ򣬴Ǭıҳ̶ȱ֮֮ıй֮޲
ԪƽҲǬ֮ԭҲٶֱ֮Уʼ˳սʱ
ǧѵһʥȻ˸³δ̫ϧһ㣡
ŲһᴩյҪԭɡ
Ͼ͵ЩȻ˸ľ֣Ҳĵȷȷ˵ģ԰ȻǺûбҪġ
һڰԪƽȻλ飬վ͸ûʲôѹˡ
Ԫƽֻʣ˼¡
ˣԪƽ۲ܳ
뵽ˡ
Ȼֱӳ󺰵ܹܡ
ֻ뾲Ԫƽ۴ǿҩ裬鿨Ϊ׷Ĵ¶ʱŵһȥˣȴӡ
ǵڶ죬վͷ̿˼֮̿ͻȻðŨ̡
ȿȡô£
һűӣһ߳ӡ
Ӧʹæˮ̿载ˡ
ܹ˹ҲܿͲˡ
һࣺүĻЩ̿ū澴ϧн˾ġ
ϧн˾ǹƹн̿ŵš
ǰճ趼ǹ﹩ӦģΪڱԪƽȥλΪ񣬹ȻٸչӦЩ
񲿵ʱֻһʱİʱ䣬ԺܶǶûü˵̿ˡ
ƫƫǵصʱЩūһ̾͹ȥˣô÷ոһ
ֻͷ̿ǽλ˵ѾǶˣͨ̿Ҳˣ˵Ϻõľ̿ˣչֻܼóļǮϧн˾ǶһϺõ˿̿
ܹܣû뵽ϧн˾Ⱥ˶ū澵̿һ㣬ȫˮݹġ
ǹ˵ķӡ
Ϊˮݹ̿ɹɣκζֽŵĺۼ
ɾٺõ̿һˮǿ϶Ũ̹˵ˡ
ܹôҲû뵽Ĺ⼿һõϡ
ˣū澣ūȥϧн˾ҲҪǸ
üͷ΢壺ˡ
Ҫܹʱȥϧн˾ȻҲһ˵
ֻǸܹʱȥ֪ᱻô䳰ȷء
οæ鿨أȥЩ¡
ܹȴʲϾҵġ
ĵӣ˵ǾȰԺлˣҲ١
նô˵ˣܹҲֻʱѹĵ׵ŭ⣺ǡ
Ƕû뵽鵽ﻹûꡣ
죬ǼԺǽȫ˷ˮ
ܹˡ
Ϊ˲ŵգ˻һʱŰǽˢɾ
ڶһǽȫ˷ˮ
ܹҧ˰ָ˳츮ЩǮ˳츮ʹӦϻһӲǶš
Ȼһһزֻǽˣ϶˷ˮ
˳츮ӦĲ죬ͷβûгֹ
ܹû취ֻ֯һС˻ԺʮʱѲߡ
ֱϣǲץһ䵥ļһ
û뵽˱ץס֮󣬲һ㶼ţֺҲ¸㣬ָʹǵľ˳츮ҵĴүŲţǰŰȥ˳츮Ҿͳˡ
ǳʲôãбǳλүȥ
ˣҶˣھˮүԣǸ𣿡
ѹ˳츮Ǯ¡
ܹò㵱ʹȥ
Ҳȷû취ô
ΨһľڷǼһ֮ǰȡ
ûܹܻڶ죬ŷȥҩҩĵʱ򣬺ɲɵؾҵλûгС㡣
֮ǰ޸š
£Ҳͼ棬Էԭûϳ
ѾȻôġ
ΪѾֱӾˣվסٹҿɾͽˡ
գ
ܹܣ
ֻѾߺüŭĿʱˣ㾹Ȼ˼ǼС㣿
Ҫ㣬ԼҸײˡ
ʶ̫ӶӢ˰ôТӡ

İɣǼСǳӣҲ޸ġ
λСסѾߣؿ˷һֻۣ˵ˣ߰ɡ
գ
Ťͷߡ
ֱҩ̵˰ҩ͵ȥɣûн֮ǰǲٳˡ
ģ
ԶĲ¥һĻһͦĵɫ۵л̲סüͷ
ǵϣյĴ̨ǰͻȻһֻè
ڴ̨ϣŷվ
յĿֱ˷èϰŵһϡ
üͷһץֻèȡǷš
ϵݴǷè鲻̫ãϣܹҵһλͬзµıѣ໥ѹء
ֿԼ򵥵ظΪ֣ǾǣԼ
Ϊſɲлдġ
Ͼŵּܲʶ
л˵׼ŽѵĻ͵͵ذο
ʲôϵţⲻ
û뵽Щ¾Ȼô
ˡ
ʸлڻһţѡ
һȥŷպлڵżԽԽƵҲڰҩӺ鿨ˡ
Ȼһ˸һ˰ܹܽ˽
ֱָָܹ֮ܽϵǼƿҩӺ鿨˵ˣרΪƵĲĻڹӦûʶ˰ɣæЩ͸һ塣
ϾǸ񣬸ûнԪƽ۵ʸ
ܹһүϡ
˵Լȶסˣ˵ǣʵ۶ǧټƵҪˣôʵҩͻ
¸ǽжΪһ⻰Ԫƽ۶ֻظ졣
ֻίϻ𣿡
ЦЦġ


222 
飡
Ԫƽһϡ
Щ˶, Щ˶ôң
Ϊ̫һԪƽ۾
ôܹ̫״æе, ǰᳵ·ذԪƽ˱
, ǳʲô, ǵôĻ𣿡
ֻԪƽֱӽеˤϣʲô, Ǹĳ¼㻹ǵ𣿡
ֻǳ¼, ܹ̫໹治һǵ, ټϳ֣벻ѡ
Ϊ¼ҿɲǵǸ¼ҡ
¼, ھȦڰμһ
̾, ٶ࣬ҲͼǸ
ǳ¼ҵʱҲ֪ʲôʺˣҵҹ޻¥ʱ̲ϲԱ, ײΪĻᱻ̲Ա鵽ǱӴܵ, ˳ְƭ׷Ĺٱ
ӹһٵ˳, һ壬ŵԺ¿ȥ
¼֪ݵʱ򣬼ֱϲ
ʱΪ˵伫, ϲϲû³ǱӽѰһӵ̺֮͸, , ǼҵСӱרȥѧ, ֻΪܸ㡣
Ȼ, Ҫ˼ãȻҲûʲôȤԵġ
Ҫ뼼ã͵ȥѧ, ʱ䳤ˣˤϸ첲Ťǳе£¼ﱲôеġ
⻹ţŵʱֽдһ֣ƾӾȥ¼֧϶ӡ
Ȼˣı£¼ҵȻҲϡ
ҲΪˣ֮˵£Ż˸¼ӵܶŸһְٰ˼
ֻû뵽¼Ҳ˱֮󲻽Ҳˣֳ˵ִ˵£ƫƫ˵ĶӻǸӦ˳츮ԵţԷֱ̧Ÿ׵ĹײԺſһɲִ
ֻǵʱΪ˱סϾҪس˳¼ңԺû˸ҸЧˣԪƽֻϳ˷µЩ¼ӵܣڳ¼ˣǶһֻ۱һֻ۷Źˡ
Ԫƽۣôţ¼ҽһǰдЩҪǮȥˡ˵ǮǾҪ浽˳츮ȥ
ԪƽЦˣϧн˾Ⱥϻ˳츮Ҳˣ¼ʲôһ̼֣ȻҲ۸ͷȥ˵˵ǵǳʲôıӵ
ΪʲôôһΪ˸Ʋϵñǣˣһ룬ǱλˣԲŸҰȡ
ֻô룬ܹ̫ȴӦ
Ϊϧн˾Ĺ̫յĸɶӣϧн˾֮ԸΪǸ̫˵СʱΪʧִһ붹飬ͷԺһϣȾȼ£ڶ
뵽ܹ̫һʶϥǣһֺ޲ðǸ̫¯졣
ԪƽȴԽԽɡ
ֻΪܳѵɲΪʲôèͷȥҰ
һĺӣԼۡ
ܹ̫ࣺ
֪֮ǰҪȥӾԪƽ۱ѾҪ˳˼ȥӺúһˣһ֮󣬵ڶϾ˵ʲôҲӦˡ
ʲôһĺӣԼۡ
ǵλ
ӽ궼ʮˣǸ
ӶӶʮˣڻһССĲ
Ԫƽҧ˵ӦҲѾԵͷˣ͵Ϊֹɡ
ȥҪȺˡ
ܹ̫ࣺ
ôѾԵͷˣ
Ȼ񲿵˴˳ȥסĵطǰʶ̫ӵסĴլأӵĲҪһһֻһס
˵ϧн˾ˣǵСֶΣҲǺһ£ⶼŷзרŹջˣǳʮ˲
˳츮ĴָʹƦåظǽ÷飬Ժӿظ룬ǽһ·أֻҪţζѬ㡣

оǳ¼ȥҪծ飬ǲˣʶ̫ӺТ̫Ųȵۺƽǲʹͣǻ˳¼ҵǮʣµҲλӼҪԣ
Щܹ̫Ȼǲ˵ġ
ԪƽҲѾĥˣڵѾŰˣЩѧӴ󲿷ֶѾԭˣʱָּľλķ϶û֮ǰôˡ
УֱӻָĻҪǸɲʲô£޶ˡĴô죿
ûһ˳ͷֱӻָľλ˵ȥҲԷڡ
ʱԪƽǸӦʲôĿ⾶ֱܹ̫ոշϵϡ
ʲô
ܹ̫൱صͽģĲͻ˵Тġ
Ԫƽ۵۾˲ˣ⻹һͶ
Ȼ̲סЩһƳʲôˣ
˵ȥ߽֣һʥּ˵ҩйؽΪ׼ԾȻȥظگھȥ
ܹ̫ࣺ
ҩûء
ľλˣѵľλͺܵ
ˣҲֻһء
Ҳֻ˵ǡ
Ҳʱһߣ˵˷յ֮æ˿ƾٵµĴ̲סЦҲн졣
Ȼʲô˵ˣҼǵ˳츮ĴƺҲƾٵĿ
һԵµ˵ǣȻֻ׵һʮһֱϣܵү¡
֮ǰ֮Իȥ׽ŪգһΪ֮ǰո˳츮֪ˣĻ˵գͽݺݵشһ٣ѹȥҲ˺գȻһ֮ǰ磬һٿ˽ʿ
ȻΪֺôˣóΪӵˡ
á
ӵЦ˵ȻΪЧȻҲʧ
ɣȥ˵һ˵Ǹ¿ƽʿɹٵʱ򣬰ɵȥ
ھڱ
Ĺ涨ͬʿһ㶼ȥةѧ٣µصֲϣ˵ǽˡ
£ǡ
⻹ԶԶ
뵽֮ǰôͷģӾͺ޵
˵ߣȥǶȥ
ϾűգԼʹˮҪʹ졣
£ǡ
֪Ӵʱܹܵɫжѿ
ǰס˴ӣүôпչˡ
ƲһۣԹԵؼȥնΪôˣøĻû̽е˵ȥⲻпˣ
⡪
ܹæȥүĿǲɣǼүպòڼңҪ
ڼң
ֱӻӿҪɣү첻ȥˣ
ܹܲ㱻ƵϣһԵʹӼʱַס
ʹһɫܹܣǸô죿
ܹܿǰѾ߽˿Ĵӣҧгݵô죬ȥү顣
֪˵ķգ
Ҳ֪Ӵʲô⡣
ûϸġ
ڸлڻŵķֱӷıʣǾȥɡ
չӻһ¡
Ϊʱ򣬷ղӦö֮Ϊʲôǰ
˵׼ˣ
뵽Цøˡ
ֱһɣ͵ղһ¹ġ
һ룬ֱԱߵλһԱߵĲˮһڣôͻȻпյˡ
ӣ
ƣҪĵӡ
ҪǣվȻҳƺΪ
֪ǰľǱ˳ΪǼֱڳسǸСѹͷϼʮꡣ
ԴϵֱӾͽסˡ
Ҳ˵鶼ˣվȻûпʵгһջᷭΡ
ЦˣҪǲպúõһΣʵԲרһˡ
ֱӾ˺ܺ𣿡
ˣڿɲǸ߸ϵˣڲǸѡ
ˣմǬɣϹ٣ʲôţ
µ˵Ӧһߵ񣬷·ϣҪȶʮʮ
˵ֱֱ壬Цſŷգ㻹Ÿʲô챾񡣡
Ҫ֪ǰտûľλѹû뵽ҲֵճԱˡ
ʲôǷתˡ
ڶȥԼľλ̫ˡ
գ
Ǹôŵӵȣˤ֮ҧͷʱ֮˵˻أǸֱˤȣ¶²˴ء
ӲֻΪˣ鶼ˡ
Խ⣺ҪֻܹãͶ˭ĶӲãƫƫͶʶ̫ӵĶӡ
ҪܸҵһãͶɻӣ˵ҲͲ䵽³˹
ЩҲЦ˵ԡգɡ
ҪȻֻðˡ
˵ţֱӳŷ˹ȥһҪǲʵʵع£Ǿѹŷոļơ
һԵܹܼ״۾ˡ
ҲʱͻȻһʥּսּ
ʲô
ӵʶ̧ͷһÿܹ̫һɫʥּ˽
ӣܹ̫Ҳɵһ¡
ǴȷӦ˹
ܹ̫ʱΪʲôʲô£
Ԫƽ۾ÿƾѾˣЩӦԵĿҲѾԭˣԿԶˡ
ΪܲԪƽķ֣׼ſƾװķͷѾȥˣָյľλ˰ɣ
Ȼˡ
뵽һؿŷһۣȻʩʩȻظŹȥ
֪һ룬ܹ̫˻ʵۣگԻգӢʿˬҸ嵨 ֮ҩ쳣˰࣬Ǳ£ζ٣衣1
ʲô
ֱӾˡ
ŵؿܹ̫ࡣ
ԪƽۡԪƽ۾ȻַΪ
ҪȻ
ֻսӹʥּ֮ʩʩȻվȻһ߿һ˵մǬɣ¹ټϹ٣ʲôţ
ԭֱӾͱľϲ˵ܹ˲ͷӦ˹ȻҲЦˣӦй񡣡
⻰ֻǰһڡ


223 
Ԫƽ۵׶
ҪȻԪƽô
ѿˡ
Ӧô죿
ʥּ٣
Ц, ּĿԪƽεܹ̫ࡣ
ʥּôǼٵġ
Ҫĸ¹򡪡
ܣ
ҧгݵգ㲻Ҫôߣ
һӵĵôߣֻѧϰѡ
㡪
ˡ
ܹҲӦ˹
Ȳ, ֻ֪, ӴڶһҪŷճˡ
͵, ɡ
ҪȻ, ֻðˡ
˵, ֱӸһԵʹʹ˸ɫ, һҪǲʵʵع, ǾѹŴӸļơ
һĻ, Ǵ, ЩҲˡ
ΪܹģµĿɲ֮ǰӵЩµӡ
㣬ǡ
۾ˡ
ˣҲѾûѡˡ
ܵĳ, Ժһǧٱ÷ջ
뵽, ǶӲҧѪ
Ȼ, Ҫĸ¹
һĻ, Щµ۾Ҳˡ
ү
һ, ƺ
ֱܹ̫һ֮Ľ棺, ǣ
Ųֱ壺ʵҲûʲô, Ǵ˵֮, ʮַŭʾ˵ҺúýѵЩһһ١
ʲô
⻰Ӷһ, ŵ̧ͷ
ôҲû뵽վȻһ
Ȼʶ˵ʲô
ԷвҪôʵʵҪô֮ǰȫʰˡ
ǣЩյˣǸ󡪡ǣֻҪǰǶʰˣҪˣ
ЩԺ˵Ϊ·ϵϰ
һߣܹˣҲʱӻͳдֽٺЦŵݸ˴ӣү
Ϊ֮ǰ˵ȰЩ˵ּԺлˣҲ١
ܹܵʱȻǿⱲӶˣǰЩֶ
Ϊģ
û뵽ǣھȻķˡ
Ҳóˡ
ֽǰһڡ
̫ܹܶʱһȵؿӣģ
ӣ
ֻܴʣġ
һץܹеǷһĨЦȻõûʲô£ҾͷˣǶе飬Ȼȥˡ
˵꣬תȾߡ
Щ¼״Ҳææȥ
Ķӵӣ̲סЦˡ
ʵϣҪǴӲԪƽ۵ĶӣղŻпܻŴӸ
û취ܲԪƽǰŸոžͺݺݵظһưɡ
˵ˣǷϵЩˣѾӺһˡ
εĽѵһ֮ڣӦöǰˡ
㹻ˣ
Ȼղתͷܹ̫ࣺܹһˣܹһΪҵȥһѣȻٽȥ˼л
ܹ̫ջڴӵϵĿ⡣
˵ղûʶ⵽ôһ£ô벻׹ˡ
ϾźԪƽۼʮ꣬ʲô⼿û
ֻû뵽һξȻû֮ǰƾͲ񣬷˳ƿ˴һѡ
ٿһ費ƺûаѷϵӣܹ̫̲ס룬ѵ֮ǰЩСҼһİϷôЧճô
Ҳ֪Щ˵ģֻѹĵ׵ɻЦŻصС
Ԫƽ۾Ͳһˣܹ̫Ļ֮ڷлʱ˵֪ˣԺ󲻻ٷĴʱ̲סȥѷշúúãг˾ͺãг˾ͺð
е㵣ķջΪԹΪ˼գ̲ס˵ģֻҪܰЩëȫĵ̫֮λһģ˭Ҳߡ
ӣһԾŶԻƭ㡣
ȵ˾Ȫ֮£ôүү
ֶ֪ġ
տЩܿƵķ֣תһԵȥ
Ԫƽ֣֪ͺã֪ͺá
Ȼһת֪֪ҪΪһϸĴ㻹кܳ·Ҫߡ
׼ȥ̲һֻһΣȥ̲̲ϣ̤ܽʵأѧһЩ
̲Ʒ
ˣһ㰲֣һ̲Σˣһǽ״Ԫлڡ
֮ܲǰ㲻˵Ȱ룬ŻʶԼĴҰɵߣϣǽܳΪһǧŵľ
գ
鹫覵֣ۺͶ͵֣
ȫû⡣
üͷһҶġ
úúá
һ㶼ûбֳԪƽ۳׷ġ
ΪֻҪտѧѾõһ淢չˡ
˵ˣҲҪǣҪȻֶԺ󶼲֪˭
ҸĲһҪԣ˾͸һٸ
ҸĻҲҪš
ǷմеĿġ
ԪƽأԶڷյĻȻܾãԣھͳԣܹܡ
ܹ̫һȥҩƿ˹
һ߸Ԫƽ۵ˮһЦ˵ҩһõ֮ūˣ˵ǵһƬТģ˶ϧӦúúõزŶԡ
͹ĻϵʱͰŵЯĺɰȥˡ
һԵС̫ˣæ˵ףԴӴϻ֮󣬾ûпȹˡ
û
̫๬ŮҲ׷״ŵӸ͵
ǵȻһôõЧοǷԼġϾҪһĻЧЩʦֻ¶ҪȥԾˡ
Ӧĺû˭˵ء
ЩԪƽ治ɫؽҩȥ
ڻʹһڵʱ򣬹⣬Ԫƽ۽ΪԾϢѾɿشˡ
飡
¼ңʱ¼æŹϷִӷҪʮӣϢһ˲ţѮĳ¼Ҽһ˹ȥ
˳츮ţ˳츮ֻǰһڣȻֱ̱ϡ

Щˣ˵λˡ
ֻ˵ӣŲǷ𣿡
ʮ꣬Ϊ˳׽Ȼλ𣿡
Ϊʲôְշ˳
ҪǣȻաԡţɵ̲ȥ¡
ǿǡԡ
յɾȻҩй
һ֪֮׸Ԫƽ۵ҩȻԼġ
Ҳ˵һʲôҩؼԪƽۿյĻλˣɱ֣ôܲҲվ׸Ƕҩ
ҪǣǰŰҩ׸ûأžͷ
ӵ벻붼ѣѵĴѻλգ
֮ǰһٶյ飬ѵֻΪ˽ѵգ
𣿡
뵽ˡ
⻰ЩҲĬˡ
ֱ̲ס˵ܡ
˵תͷ˹ȥ
ֻҧ˵үʵ۵ľûвɵģ϶ѾɱֵˣѵͲỳս𣿡
ûҲ׷˵
οЩѫɳͲͷҰˣܲԹǣܲԹʶ̫Ӻգ
͸İòײȵĽɽøˣ
ԻϾҪλա
û
Щ̲ס˵
ʵϣԭҲΪԪƽҪѻλգΪٵʱûٱպԪƽ۵Сˡ
յȺ󱩱УҲԪƽԽԽϣŽءʶԪƽͼ
ӶЩҲŲɡ
һأ֪ΪʲôͻȻ̲סЩţǸʼȻ׼ѻλգΪʲôְշ˳
ǰ

ˣ뵽ʲôǰͻȻһ֪ˣôһΪƽ⳯֡
룬֮ǰջʱڻӵìͷ׼ĶգûʲôԳֻȶ
ձΪ֮󣬼λû˹ͬĵˣΪᴢ֮λ֣ѾӰ쵽˳֡
ӵ۾˲ˣԸʰշųֻΪƽֶ⳯ѡ
˵û
úúá
̲סһ
ֻһ룬üͷǲ֪ΪʲôﻹЩ
ͬĳھǴССĽ䡣


224 
ͬʱ, ̲лһ𣬵Ⱥŷյĵ
֪, лڵжิӡ
˼صһǰ
Ǹʱ, ͵⣬ͼݿƾٵͻȻ˽¶˳һɹҲһѹ˷ʱΪԼ, Ϊĸý㱨ϣҲΪӰ, ĶʦҲΪܵǣϡҪű߽
ղûǱ, ϴɡ
Ϊ, Щ˲ŵԴƾװȫˡ
ҲΪ飬Ԫƽۼס
, ͢ؿԡ
ɺ֣ٹȻԾ϶ֽŵ˼
ΪǰʱڿǡдľʱЩǺͰϺԼйϵĿȻɼ飬̫ʵ۵ǻ֮Կƾٲ˺¼ơ
ܾ, ַٽ״дĿǣȻ¼һ͸ģԿٿĶǿĿ, ¼ٳд
͢й涨, ʱҪ־, ִ֡Ϳĺۼȣ߿۷֣߿ֱϡ1
к֣뵽ķ¼, Ȼ⽫Ŀܴʮ֣ٿ֮󣬹ȻֱĿ
ٽõͬǰʮľһʹǰȺԪƽʱԪƽͻȻ
ڷ¼ȡﾹȻûֵʱԪƽ۱񲿽Ŀ˳
ʱľѾǻʵҪ鿴ѧӵĿֱӽĿԭȥ
֪֮
ԪƽڷĿٳǰʮĿҪʱ򣬲Ȼŭ١
֪֮
ֻ̲˲һʱʱ䣬Ͳ鵽к֣ͷϡ
ȻԪƽֱּͬԺһɺľ
ΪλԵӵ游֪֮λӵ˼˲ͻ
Ϊʵٿƾ׵飬ӣֶƵʹкָ֣ʹôģɸѡĺϸɸѡ֮һ
ۿһʰԪƽۿ쵶ն飬¼ȡֻ¼ȡľϰѧӣȻٵľλΪɣʮ壬ֹⳡ־硣
⣬ҲΪʲô֮ǰӵ»˵λΪᴢ֮λ֣ѾӰ쵽˳֣Ȼ²Ԫƽ֮԰ѷַųֻΪƽֵ⳯Ҫԭ
ЩлûʲôϵˣΪԪƽ϶İףԲǰεĲƹᶯҡΡ
Ҫǣк֣ٿƾ׵Ѿʵˣǵ³ֻһǾͷء
лôҲû뵽֮Ϊ֮еˣĸƻŸո߳һʱ򣬾ϷԵĽ֣Ļˡ
лһЩãȻôͨĵԣõ״Ԫ֪
ֱǰҩײ˷ձҵС㵱ĳ桭
ֱڣ޷ȥԼʱ飬ΪÿŭͲ벻ףŭͲԵĵǵ跽յҵС㣬Ƕ䵽ǰɶҵСݵķա
Ҳ֪һ㣬Ǿк֣ôΪǵΪۣΪյڳ֮Ϊ˵Ƿ
ӦñŶԡ
ֻһССĽʿҲﲻ˷ʲô
ãͻȻıʣ϶رܡ
Ĵֻоܵذοˣһʱ벻ʲôͿ¡
ֲ÷֪Ͼ֮ǰϷ飬һֱأ
뵽˺ͷѣֻͨŲķ
ͷճ˱ѡ
ֻٽѵ尲οգû뵽ͷվıѣһһͨ֡
Ҳŷ֣ʵҲûдеôȻֻԶһЩ徭ȴͨҾҩȻ֮ȴ
û뵽ǣǷյݣıѵʱԪƽͻȻָּ˷δݡ
˶ΪԪƽôֻΪƽ⳯ãԪƽ֪ʹ޵˵£ΪֹյΪ״Ԫ£ҲԪƽΪģýһһ˲ŵ;Թ㡣
ֱȴлڣԪƽ۰գҲĴ㽫λա
һϢ
¼ҵļҹų¼ȥлΪ˲ϧ׼¼һĲҵ׸գվһϣҲûнӼǡ
һؼңѮǰոϲӭĳ¼ҼԾˡ
֮ôֻΪķµ֮ᱨ¼ҡΪܷΪʲôٴεƣǳ¼һ̼ܵģֻͼյŭ𣬱ȫ¼ҡ
λͬ꣬˳츮ҵĴӣ֮ǰǧټƵڷգΪֺôӣϣĵˣ䵽ϵһƫԶСةУ߳أǰةΪ˯ʱ򣬱һײҵĶҧһڣеġ
˵黹Ǵµ
Ҳ˵ΪʲôҪ﷽ճֻ˵һ㡪
֮ǰΪʲôҪͬ鷽աΪ֮ǰϷ飬һֱأ
⻹ҪģҪΪ֮ǰƾ׵飬Ԫƽ۶ͣһΣԪƽ۾Ȼ˷ߣȥա
лгֵɻɣԪƽ󲻽óԸʵ䷴
Ͼ֮ǰϷ飬һֱأ
ƫƫԪƽǾǳԶԪƽ۵ľûа취ܾ
лֻͬԪƽ˵Ѿаˡ
뵽л̲ס򴽽ǡ
ҲʱͻȻһŲ
εվлڼ״Ҳæվ
Ȼһ룬һ칫ķվʹʹ˽
¹ټ
κлӱȥ
յַסлڣλ񡣡
˵ţָлڵġ
лڣ
ڷͰ˻ȥֻ˵˵ַҼȻ̲оֻҵµ¾Ϳˣض񡣡
ŷһӣлڣ
ͺղŷĵֻĴѡ
յĻɫ䣬ǡ
Ȼ͸ռ򵥽һְ̲ȨΧԱá
̲ʮ˾罭˾ܵľǽշİӣÿ˾ƷһƷƷУһɡ
ֱܵ˾л׫ԺǸҸ˾ǸصİԼͬ˳츮Ƿĸдͽ̣ͽ̣Լ漰ѫİӡ
˵ǵл׫ôϤ̲İ참̣ʱͲλˣֻλһǬɡ̰͡ϴԩ¼顣
գá
лҲڷӦ˹ǡ
Ȼպлھ͸һǬɡ
Ϊ̲žôĲֶ࣬һֻһ칫ķ䡣
Ҳζֻܼһ
е
룬ͻȻʵͨն˼ǿʮǷ̫᣿
ˣصΪΪᣬͲһͬʡ
յ˵ͷ
ûһʵǰǹΪһһΪһΪʲô
üͷһ壺ȻΪʵǿϷ塣
գԭˡ
ֹһʵɣ˷ͽ֪淢ʮʮǰ㽭йһȴŹ˷ھӵӺͶӣΪΣ
üͷ壺ȻΪլ֮УҴ֪Բ޸淢˵
ֵ˵ͷ
Ȼһ߰˸⡣
ֻÿڸͬʱϵҲ̲סðð
ҪǷʵںҲˣƫƫʵĶЩô⡣
ԽʧΪףǰڣն޿ܳΪһϸľԪƽȴǴҪѻλգͲµʱ˴Ǭ°
뵽ֻһķҡ
ֱվ˵ͻȻһЩû棬ȿţҳȥһˡ
ղɫﴽǣá
лҲ˵ǡ
ʶһߣɾֻʣͷˡ
뵽лֱ塣
ûģַһͻϷĸо
̲סսе鱾ֶŶӵĳ嶯

Ϊ¼ǰ֮ɾͰǰء
һһֻأ
ڣտ϶
ֻһҲûˣ۽ǵҲͲһ̲ͣضŷˡ
ע⵽лڵ仯ЦһƵطһҳҳ
ԵʱлڲûܵȻΣҲûеȵϷ
ɢֵһ𣬷վֱվ˵ˣ͵ɣȻȥˡ
лڣ
ŷսԶȥıӰлգգۡ
ô£
ôõĻᣬվȻûеϷ
ˣ
лڣ
Ҳ˵֮ǰĵֻĴѡ
ȿȣ
лڵĶ˲ͺˡ
ΪԼĶ룬ΪԼ˷ա
ĸĺˣ
뵽лѹĵĪӿһСʧһ
һԺҲûк֮ǵظˡ
ֻͷյıѹϵǲҲԶˣ
ϾﻹҪİο
뵽лڻȥ֮󣬾͸дһš
һ֮󣬴èʹŷյĻŻˡ
лչһ
һ룬۵һ£˶ˡ
ΪдǣȲһҪ͵ܷҽҵˣҳע⣬ĺü£ְֿۡ


225 
ְۡ
ְۡ
ְۡ
лŷӦ, Ȼˡ
ġ
ǼһǼһҪ
ΪĸаˣǼһֻǰа˼
ƫƫϵˡ
뵽̲סż˳ȥ
Ϊ;֡
ʲô
Ǽһ˲ҵС
ǰרܵҩſڶ˼š
ʲôʱˣ
лڵĿ̲סƮƮ
ȻŷӦ, ȵȡ
ʲôýģ
ֻ˵ǼһﲻҪǸĴܲ
ҪȻôǰ컹ҵС, һһ˵ĳƺ
뵽л˲͸ˣ
Ҳʱ, һԵϵĴè̲סצץץлڵ䣺~
лʶĵͷһ
Ǹ, ǲ֪Ϊʲô, ˴è˵Ļ
ҲܹʹèŵҪԭ
˵ǣ㻹Ÿʲô, Ҫд𣿡
ҼŻȥأ˵ˣһȥҳСɡ
Сɣ
лʶ͡
ȻŷӦʲô
㻹ǵè𣿡
һ˵, һèĴԲȻúʲôطԣһ뵽èղ˵ĻȻѹһ, , 㻹ǵԼֻһֻèһֻè𣿡
~
èһֻһֻ޹, Ը˵ʲôӡ
лڣ
Է۸Ҳ, С쵰Ȼˡ
л˲͸ˡ
ȻӦèȻѾЩ̫˵, Ϊ˲꼰㣬ϴлڵֵ¡겻ȥȻлڵֵ˳ȥ
ǲˡ
лڣ
Ҳ֪, ҪĲЩôܷյĶ֣÷ճ״Ƶͷ
Ҳû׷ȥ˼⿪ˡ
ֱӸ̯ƣ
Уһ߳ŭ͵͵ռ˲ɣΪǿȡô죿
Ԫƽ۴ǹ٣Զ뷽գ
УǹԱʱ򣬷վ͸ҶֶţҪ˹٣ǷǿԸ޼ɵض֡

ҲУҲУô죿
ҪȻ󡭡
лǰһ
ˣ˵ϲ˵ϲ
ֻҪˣӦþͲپɡ
лԽԽƻУ۾ҲŸˡ
ǵڶ죬պοľһӵлڡ
գ
Σ
̲סʵл׫ǣ
ԭصķգлڵźûʲôʲôóԵĶԽһͷϳӡ
Σ
Ȼͦˣ
ѵ֪ѡ٣ҪĲο֮һ
Ҵ򿴹𣿡
лſھˣ˵еأܲκãֻܿˡ
Σ
вһĨͬ顣
лΪ״ԪӦǰ;ģͻȻһӣֻⱲӶٳͷˡ
ȻͷӦ˹лھ˺ҲûʲôϾڿԪƽۿصˣǷյұۣҪĵĴž;ˡ
һ¡
ΪǲܷܽջΪδľ顣
뵽ջǴ⣬ðȥԪƽ۽ɡ
ؿŴǬɽԪƽۺͷ
ϲԣֻ˵ˣҽ컹һЩҪͲλˡ
лڣ㡣
һչȻûɧ
һ۶ÿ
ͺʵ
֮ǰ黹ܲлһ綼ûЦ
ЩҪҪǸǳļһͬԤϵòûپˡ
뵽ֵ֮صҵлڻ̲סһ
Ҳհī֭ϴɾʱ򣬴èˡ
ֱȻѱϰŵлǰһͣ~
лڣ
ô£ǶѾ߷ˣҪѵĹϵΪʲôջдţ
һȻǱˣҪȻô춼ûидŵ£ܵȥһⷽдŻ
ֻô룬ùǷŲ𿪿ˡ
ΪҲ֪ջ˵Щʲô
ôܴôһԼĵ֮Ļء
Ȼһͷǣ͵ܣΪֽܲãΪҵˣҶˡ
л̲ס˴ǡ
Ȼ¿ȥǺתһ룬Ȼˣĳ̶ֳ˵ҲûʲôϵϾһ
лڣ
лڣ
лڣ
һ룬۵һ£˾ֺˣ
һģ
ʲôǽһ
ǸˡǸˡҪ
ؼŵﻹûء
лڼ¿ȥʵǿһµģҾϽŸβؼңҪκȻãҪǲκãûԵ㶹Ҳ
лڣ
лڣ
лڣ
ˣ
Եڶ죬лھҩˣٶȿ쵽٢˿¶İ档

ҲлڵæźͷնǶµʱ磬ͷܹڷ緹֮ȴûеһʱŷ뿪
ԥԥӣֱʵôˣ
ܹ˵£ū澸ղ·˭ˣ
ūˡ
ӡ
ʱū澵ǰ棬бɲͻȻһͷɢŮӣײϣŮӱֵر𼤶˵˺һĻūԼһ䡮
룬̫ʵϥֻӣûйλȻԪƽ۵Ķˡ
Ԫƽ۳λ֮⣬λѾޣжӵͬ㣬޵ǻ溲ԺԺĶš
ֻλСಡ֮Ҳãһ²ˡ
ֻҴ㲻ӽϣ߾ȫΪѰҽҩ
ΪԪƽŮǱ׵ĹΪάֻʼҵϣרŽǱۡĳʮһ׼й֮󶼿ʮ⿪Ծסĸ밲ҪҲ뾭ͬ⡣
ԷԭҲûнܹܵĻϡ
ֱܹܼ˵ûãһȺ˳˳ﻹŹŮӼֱ֮Ӷ㵽󡣡
Ⱥ߳һˣһ֮ȻŮӽǣȻֱŮӵ죬ˡ
ºʶҿ˿ƺ˷ʲô
ū澼ʱԱ߶˶㣬û
ū澲ˣǸƺĹܼң֮ǰ޵ʱū
ղüͷ
ΪܹЩ벻붼ѡ
ʶָͷ
ˣ˵ܹЩˣ̲ס˵ū澾ţǲִʲô⡣
Ѿ֪ˣ֮ǰ͵˾Ϊڿͳ֮ϵڽҷյѧӣڶˡ
֮ôĿŵذ̻¶ɲΪҲΪԪƽʮ꣬Ϊ˲ա
õ֣ɰԪƽۺܴæسʵΪԪƽ
ܹ벻붼ѡ
֪ʱ򣬷ɫͻȻһ䣬ֱվ
ܹʶôˣ
ֱӺˡ
۵Ŷˣ
յϵĺɰȥűĽӡȥ̲ȫټ
ĺɰһˣ⡪
üͷ壺Ÿʲôȥ
۶ʱҲڶˣǡ
ܹҲסˣ£ǡ
ȻѾԽ˳ȥ
ӡһЩȻҲӣԺܿ죬ϰ˵Ķͼˡ
ôĶ̲ĹԱ벻ѡ
̲˵˳ֻǻˣֻüշ뿪ĳ档
̲飺ô£
˵ͻȻóĽӡȫټҲ֪ǳʲô¡
⻰л̲סüͷ
̲飺죬׷ȥ
ܷôΪʲôֻ֪ߵ̲ˣһʲô£ǿɶѲΡ


226 
ϻ溲ԺԺѧʿλ, ΪڵģΪңһһļ
˵Կƾƶȡƺ;Ʒ, Ϊѡ˲ŵҪʽ֮ԭ¢֪ʶԴڳϵĵλʹǰˣҲǳһɲɺӵ, Ϊ׵һЩһı䣬˳Ӧʱ¡
ǽɽԺ, ǴǬʢĴԺ֮, ÿһƾٶܳ߰˸ʿ, Ÿʤ, ¡
ЩȻʧȥ˳ߵĵλǼǧܵۺĲԪƽۿЩۺ졣
ΪˣΪĶȢʱ, Ԫƽ۲ŻȻӦŻ¡
Կ֪޽ж฻û, ֮ʹҲ˲ˡ
Щûʲôϵ
ڴϣԵûˣܵŴҲ, һ˿⡣
, ϵģϵ, ΪѾյķˡ
ȴǧټƵǿԼҪ˯ȥϧҧԼ촽
ΪܴܲȥܱܲѩޣͿˡ
ţѩһҪɹϢͳȥ
үӱǰɡ

Ҳʱ, ͻȻһŲ
ţشˣһ˲ֱ䵽۾ϡ
˲伤ѵҪȴֻſڴϣ߾ȫ̧ͷ
̲סȥ룬˻˭ʣĸ
Ҳʱ¶Ŀ
һŮˣһɫȹͦһ˶Ķӡ
ϵļ˲ͽסˡ
ģŮ̲סЦôȻΪ˻˭
ĸ
ڿ۶ҶӣĻǵôµĸ
ɣ
˵촽һ״ûأϾźһϣʱ˯¡
һǰ⻰ֻѾ۾ܺĵγѪˡ
ڣѾ˲Щˣֻ֪һ顪
Ъ˹ѩأѩأ
ŮˣҲʧ˵Ǹ˵ģҪŸڳﱸϷ˵ʮ٣ҵĲеĹȥͨ籨ŵǸѾߣ
أ
˳Ŀ⿴˹ȥֻʹһѪģʬ˽Ȼֱ˶Ĵߡ
Ǿʬϴŵ·ɲѩ𰡣
鳹׽סˣŵĺѩ𰡪
ŮһЦҪ־͹ãСȻҲͷһ飬ӣ벻ɶѣȻɲֱӱץ𣿡
ˣʵҲ˵ãΪܳȥʱ򣬻ײһλӣ˭
Ȼ󲻵ȶӦԹԵؼ˵ɲλТҰ硣
ôţС˶ѾȫˣȻ鸮ĹֻܼǸ˵һ䣬ֻҪܸ鸮и㣬鸮ԺҲи㣬ǸС˽˳
Ҳˣ鸮ԭǰ϶ӵȴΪ飬òӣԺٲҪﻢ£Ϊѵľ棬ֱ˵ڴ
˵Ŵ򵽾ʮ壬ֱˣʱ߶ء
ˣҲԹˣԲŻҰС˵ʬֺ֪ʲôҪĻ롣
ҪɱǣҪɱǡ
ƴҪȴôҲ˵ǸŮˡ
ǸŮ˼״ЦøˣҾϲ⸱޲ý̻ȴκβҵӡ
˵һ䣬ҧгݵƾʲôͬŮˣһǸ߸ϵĹֻһũ֮ŮⱲŬܹﵽĸ߶ȣҲǳΪŮ
˵ֱӴյ˶ĶߣЦ˵үǹƽģ˭뵽أҲʩֶΣɷΪôҸ͵ͺɰ͵ģҪǣֻһΣҾͻҵĺӣɷҵˣĹҲҵˡ
⻰ֱӾˡ
ôҲû뵽ɷĵԭȻ
ȻֻʩСƣΪ뺦ҶĺӣȻͱˣ첻Ӧеصز顣
УΪΪʲôԴ޸֮һһˣһʼΪȵҩֽţϾŮҩֽţֱټ򵥲飬ͱ˽ӽң㻹ΪôΪ˸õչ㣿
ۣҪȻô˵㵥أɣΪǵȢʱ򣬴ľҪܺȻٺò飬ҪǲˣҲ⣬ƫƫôţʼ檵ĹأȻܻԺҩĿɲͱˣǾ͵ˣȻҵĺλء
˵꣬ʹЦ벻ɣöȻ³
⻰۾׺ˣû뵽ԭһʼĻ¾ҵһĵơ
Ъ˹ҾҾŹǵģȿȿȿȡ
ֻǻû˵ֻֿ꣬ſ˴ϡ
⸱ģŮҲǺʱЦøˡ
ҲΪˣϵķŭ״ɢֻʣĵľ
ǰôҲû뵽³
ԪƽȢʱҲԸġ
Ϊʱľ˭֪ɾٷ磬ѧ峵ǵһǫǫӣ֪ٴҹζ޸
ʱҲɪͷϵΡ
أŵɷԥıصĹ϶׽мӣȴǧټƵҪɱĸĸֵܣ˵Ҳա
Ҫѩ𰣬ѩ޹ڴ֮ǰѩûһϵֻΪѩͬԲŻðΣհȻΪ鶪
Ҫ֪ʮ갡
ŵǾѪģʬ壬۾˲ģˡ
˭ܰ
ûܹˣ
뵽ںЦ֮УĿһĻɢ
ɡ
ǵġ
ı۾
֪ʱԼԼУʲôԽԽԽԽ
ۣǣǾнǸʣǸˡ
Ϊģ
ľôˣĳ˾ôʬң⡣
ҪΪԼΪѩ𰡭
һˣһˣ
ˣˣ
ĻһЦҲȻֹ
ʶ˶䡣
鸮⣬̫˿Ŵأε˸ʱزĥŵϵˡ
ЩæŰᶫʹӲͣһ߲źһ߱Թ
ҲʱԶͻȻһĽŲ
һʹʶ̧ͷһֻһŸͷһ˹
һʼʹӻΪԼǿˣʶز˲۾ŷԼûп
ȵӦʱЩѾǰͣˡ
ŷյӣٿһЩʹӾ벻ɷ߲ƶУΪ׵һģ˵ȵ˭ʲô
еֻʵǻĸۡ
ٿһɫ𸲹Ʒٷϵľ֮ɫ˲ʧˣĿҲ漴һ˿ӣȻ֪ǻĸۡΪʲôϣȻ˾뿪õǵ顣
ЦˣǾûˡ
˵ֱ꣬תͷЩ˵ѽȥ
Ҳʱ鸮Ĺܼôգüͷһ壺
ţ̲ЩԱҲ׷ֹ𶯣˭
Ȼǲؿŷ˵ԡҪʲô
Щۼ״һ֮ҲͶͣԭء
ϾЩ̲ĹԱ˾
ܼҺЩԱȻƺΪµɫ˲ͱˣȻһֱӹȥԡ
鸮ĹܼҲ漴Ӧһŵһۣʱһ⣬æӭǰȥ˵ǡ
ռ״ֻͣ
˵ⲻ˵̫ãרŹ
⻰Щ̲Աüͷ
Ȼģôʲô
鸮Ĺܼ˲ɫ
ѵ֪ʲô
ǿԼǸԼʹ˸ɫԷת˸ųһĨЦ˵ǿǲɣǰ˾λʦΪһ£Щʦ˵ˣ귨֮ʮ֮ڣ˻ˣñ˴ɢ˸
ˣ
ЦˣҿǶõܣҲ𣿡
⡪ܼҵɫ˱䣬ҧ˵ⲻǲһһΪ忼ǣȹʮݷҲ١
Ϸշ˷˵ǱһҪأ
ܼҺһ͡
뵽λӣ˵һ˵
ҵ֮£ǰѶѹȥ˵ˡ
ǣ
ֱתͷһɫҳȥ
һȥģ͵һҵģǰ
䣡
ЩֱӾͺ䶯ˡ
ܼ˲ˡ
ʱĻ֪ܲˡ
״ҿ˭ҡ
ЩʹӼ״ļһڴǰһǽ
Ȼ鸮ĴҲŹˡ
ܼתͷգŭ˵鸮ΪҲҰĵط
ʱЩ̲ԱܿҲͲٴٷˡ
ΪҲ֪Ϊõܣǰ̽飬鸮ĹܼȴǧټƵҪգǾǶʲôˣʮа˾źйء
һֹԱɫ˲ͱˣǵٴδֹЩ۵˭ҪǸҶҾ͸˭Բ˶ߡ
ȥȫȥ
⻰̲ڵԱҲĬˣϾ֮ףµҰ
Ϊ⣬Щԭ˲ͣˡ
ǵӣЦˣֱ壬Ӹµ֮Ī֮ĪҾͲˣǬɽղҰĵط
˵Ұײ˭Ҫǵһȥ弶
弶
Щ۵۾˲ͺˣ
һ̲ԱˣȵҪԣΪϵְλҲǸССƷ£ܱһ۹
ȻĻû˵꣬ͿֱӳϹŵһȻһ嵶˦˳ȥ
һ룬ۣǰѵֱֱԽԱ̲Աؿڡ
㣬㡭
ŵָָ̧գȻֱӵȥһغ
ڳҲȫֶξסˡ
ھһ˲
̲ȷӦӰ˽ԵҲˣ㡢ôɱ͢Ա
ֻлҲӦ˹
˲һǣ֮ԻסΪһ˧ˡ
˲϶룬ֱӳԱһе嵶̲ĻŸʲôҪˣ͹弶ĽɾҪˡ
οǺЩ̲ĹԱǵͲҲǵ𣿡
˵ֱ꣬ŵ󲽳ȥ
Щۼ״Ҳ̲סˣ໥һֱۣӳȥ
һĻһյзߣɱĻܼҵɫװˡ
ֻѾյϢ

Ŷ˺һûʲô
ȻŷӦۣʲôн²ǳֻþ˰ɡ
ҲһȻʲôûˡ
ŵܣҲġ
ʱЦĸˣ㻹ˣûܾȵˣɣ
֪һ룬ͻȻһҵĽŲ
ߵĴѾߣֱӳ˽ˣűȶˡ
䣡
ϵֱӾͽסˡ
Ҳһ¡
ΪôҲû뵽˾Ȼա
漴ͷӦ˹˭оˣ
޺޵ؿõˣˣǶҪˡ
⻰Ŀѡ
ΪҲ֪һع⣬ǵ³ʲô
òײ˽ٻ
ڸô죬ô죿
벻ʲôð취ƵĿңȻͶ˴Ѿһ顣
ʶ˳Ŀ⿴˹ȥǣ
һ룬ͷӦ˹
ˣֻҪˣһоͶ޶֤ˡ
뵽ĿҲ˲һĨ
ǵӣϵļ˲ʧˣĵͻȻһɲõͷǡʲô
δ䣬ֱӳ˹ȥҿ˿Ȼһѳ´Ĳӡ
һ˵ĺҪ־ȥǸõܣҪǲͷ˵㻹ܶ졭
ƴҪȻǺĶ֡
ûһĹԽԽᣬĿҲŻɢ
Ҫ
Ȼ䵽³
ΪʲôΪʲôҪڸϣֽ֮֮С
үΪʲôͲ۾
ġ
˵ġ
죬ȴôҲ˵ˡ
ˮ˲ģߡ
ı˫ۡ
Ϊʱô죿
֪ʱͻȻһɱ
ˣ죬
һ룬͵ر߿ȳ˽Ҳˡ
ڵĳһȻֱӳ˹Ϊ׵һֱһ߿˺
һҵĲҽУʧȥ֧ŵĶҲֱֱµȥ
ǲԵڵأһůĻ
ᴭϥڵϣǸˡ
ôء
ץ䣬ȵ˻ߵͬʱ档
þˣ
ڷյ̲ԱһĻɫ˲Ҳˡ
ֻµ˶ܳ£ôҲû뵽˾Ȼı
һʱ֮䣬˶һɷϢ


227 
ǹȥʱ, Ѿǡ
Ͼտڹ컯֮£űҡ
ϢϳѾܾûйѣεĸоԪƽ۲㵱˹ȥ
죬ٿ㣡
, Ԫƽ۲סشߴٵ
·Щ̫, ֻҧӿ˽Ų
ڻʳ֮, ԺܿǾ͵ˡ
¶, ¶
һ, Ԫƽ۾ֱӳ˽ȥ
, һԵЩæȥʻϡ
ԪƽȴӲͣ˽Ų, Ϊ̫ҽΪΡ
ûн, ЩҲֻʵʵļڵϡ
һĹ, һλ̫ҽջ˴ڶϵ֡
Ԫƽ۵ȥˣˣ
Щ̫ҽſԪƽۣæȥϡ
ԪƽڸЩֻ֪һ㣺ˣ
⡪
⻰̫ҽɫԼͬı˱䡣
Ԫƽۼˣǵ˵
Ϊ׵̫ҽվ˵״̫, ΪѾʴǧٿ, ǻ٢Ҳ޲ߣԼپĵĵ, ֻ¡ֻҲѻʮꡭ
Ҫ֪ѾʮˣҲ˵ֻͷˡ
̫ҽ˵, Ѿʴǧٿˣ֪꣬, ҲֻڲϹӴˡ
뵽Ԫƽɫһףһģֱӵȥ
ôķռʱס
ֻһԵҲǶĸûôˣһûһԴ˵ϣȻˡ
Ҳʱ򣬴ϵĶĶΡΡת˹
Ԫƽۣ˲棺ʡ
ԪƽۼˣҲ
ֱǰȥס˶ҵĶ
ǸʶԲס㣬ܿˡ
ʵܶ࿼Ǹż죬Ҳӡ
Ҳʹʣ
Ԫƽ۲屾ͲˣҪΪĹȣ˵Ķ˿ô죿
æɿ˶ޣޡ
ֻһ˵ţԼȴֹס
ںһǲ侲
ġ
Ԫƽۿҧгݵһ㱨ġ
⻰һϲ뵽ʲôϵıֽסˡ
ôˣ
Ԫƽ˳Ŀ⿴˹ȥȻ׹ŵȺеһҰףµӺӡ
һ·ϣܹ̫Щ飬ϵҲһһĽסˡ
ʶô
ֻͬ棬
ӲȣǺѩס
οȻ㲻Ȩ㳯ҰʿеӰɲС
ԪƽۺܶʱҪЩͷƽ⳯͢Ĳ⡣
ԪƽۻΪϵ
Ϊһϵ
Ȼһ룬Ԫƽ˵أ
գؽ̲ˡ
Ԫƽ۳˵Ǭӽ£Ȼ˸ĿŵıһĿĿ
塪
Ӻæеǰڣ
ԪƽۣӾͽȥˡ
ǵ׽ãϣΪֻһ
ɫһףҲҡҡ׹
ҪǽӺȥǺֱԴĺĴʲô
үȻŪϣȴֽ
ֱоֶһɴֲڵĦС
ãȻʶ̧ͷһ
Ԫƽۡ
ֲȥ۽ǵ飬˵ٸһλᣬٸһλᡣ
ȫⳡ֮飬֮顣
ֱӾסˡ
ôҲû뵽Ԫƽ۾ȻԸΪңӺӡ
ʲôء
ʻ۰ġ
͹ˡ
ĵ˵ͷ۵׵ˮҲ˦˳
׵Ӻ⻰һ£ȻǲŷӦϵľ˲һɨգϲ
лʣлʣ
˼״䣬ﻹ˵Ͼȣǵһʱ䴧Ԫƽ۵⡣
ռ״ֿһԪƽۺͶûаȰĻ˵
飬ǳ˷յ
Ҫ˵ԪƽۺͶˡ
ϣѺ̲ĺηԾˣĺһֻһ飬ΪʶԲŻı
磬ʷ˽Եɱ͢Ա£ȺΧʷΪ¼ȨпԭԷվйΪ
磬ˣһģдһš
Էջʱ򣬾ﴫЪ˹Ŀˤҵĸڲ㣬
һǱʹŹŮӷ˳ˣҲ˵ţ¶ĸôΪãĸһȰɣ
ҹ
˵ЩʲôֱԹŮջˣű졣
Ȼû뵽ӦֵķվȻôͻˣֻǺͷմкһشŹŮˡ
ڷһţһصƬֽ
ΪֻˣҪʹ
Ƿ֮ߵĻֱӿɤۣȻֱſڴϣᡣ
ɢڽűߵֽ漴
Ȼһ£ΪžȻһѪ顣
һݣҪ޷˼һǰ֮ԻԴΪܵ˺ɱΣϣһշްնķϣһθĹĻᣬŵһúöԴ
ҳġӡҲغһ
ֻ˵ŲΪǲ֮ףĲɣд¡顷־ˣֻ¶Ҫ磬ֻ־ġ顷һһ䣬飬ȻѪдģȴѪţһһ䣬ǹʳܣĹΣ޲磬ȻѪдģȴŻ
ţ˵գ֪ĸô˵𣿡
˵ҲҪ鷳
˵һ̣ΪҪǴȥΪЦֻҡ
˵ѾӦˣúòҵġ
˵̲סźѵҿǲ˵ϡ
ҪЩʲôãҶѾûмͷˡ
ʲôҲҪ鷳ǲҸܡϳĺȰˡ
ˣ֮ǰΪƾ׵飬涪˾λְͣڼң֮ڣڳҲʣһˣζ뵱ϻʵۣôܷ
ĸ˵ҲǸ޳ȥĶҲ˼˵ŮܸٵǳԺͳǰ;ҵʲôء
˵̲סʹգûĸˣ
հοû£ҲҪûˡ

ӵİο
һʱ֮䶼˿ˡ
ЦЦȻӲ̫Чͦõġ
塪
ͳһҩƿݸרĲƵĲ裬һ£Ӧþܴˡ
ʶֽӹҩƿ
ȻνĲֻǷοĶʵӦòʲôáϾ̫ҽȲôܰõ
̲סЦ
ΪȻûĸٻиʣзõܡ
ֻϧǣݸûάֶ೤ʱ䡣
ΪʱԪƽ۵ˡ
һ㲣ֱӰһһӣǱ߽᰸ˡ
᰸ˣ
żʱ䡣
ùǷӴһ
Ԫƽ˵ԭΪٻһ֪޻Ǹ߿ǡ
ҲˣӿǶͬܵܰ
ΪЩһֱãϱ߽һֱÿֻܶӶȥÿο˵Ĳ黹ȶҲûа̫ϣŵ¶ɥҡ
ҲˣΪΪһףӦøһĹµĻᡣ
ʵȴһ
ôôһȺϡ
ǲô᰸ģ˵ı¶飬ǺһΪ֮˲֪飬ް˽飬ͼ޸鸮ĹܼңĺҲǹܼҵģŻǧټƵ¶
֮ҲܺߣΪ¶ĶϱأĻҲǸʧ֮
⻰ۿֺˡ
Ȼ׼⻰ʱĻ̲סʹ
գӣӺĻأǾôǺ
ѵͲӺӣ
ԪƽһЦÿһӣǿɲͶѡϹ𡣡
һǾͰԼˣ
˵ȥ˭Ű
ջȻ򣺡ѹǰ죬ͻȻҪΪ
˵ǰĶô
룬ԭڸҷ߰
ڷֵʲôȻǶѪͷ
Ȼöס졣
գѹֵķ˺ϷյϢ֮һ㶯ûУΨһһѾ߰ҴϢǸԭǸʱʼǾѾúĺ̡
Ȼֱɱ˺ĺӵʬ¶ѾˣԾѪףǸǲŵĶˣһȻƲͺĹϵǾͲΪȴ檵ˡ
ҡ
Ԫƽۣǰҡ
˶Ѿؽ˴ε£ǾȻܳɱҳ֪Ѿʹӡ
֪жٹԱڰǡ
ԪƽôҲû뵽ӡ
ھ뷭ˣΪ֤Ѿȫɾˡ
ڵõӺӵ׼һ£ΪʲôҪô
Ҳ˵ЩѾʹӶźǼҼʮֻͣ˵ǸӣǿǼǧһ磬ǾȻҲµȥ֡
ȻǱӺҪö࣬µԪƽ֮Ӻȥӣʮа˾Ϊ˿ǣҲ˵Ԫƽ϶Źҡ
ᣬǰٵе֤ݡ
ڶܺ˵Ļô֤أǵʱȫ˵Ϊ̫ܵĴ̼¾ʧˣ˵ĻЩ
һԪƽҪˣû֤ݵ£ʿֳ£һʱģκβǡ
뵽Ԫƽ۵ۿҲźˡ
һģһεġ
˵¶ǸʶԲס㡣
Ѿˡ
ôҲû뵽鶼ˣȻӹһ١
ؼҲˣѩĳô죿
ôᣬȴôҡ
ԪƽҲͻȻЩۣʵÿǹʧܵġ
һȺŪڹ֮С
̲סȥ룬Ҫʶ̫ӻţҪڻλϵһЩԱôӻʼ
Ԫƽ۵Ļӡ
෴ԪƽۻƲǸһʾˡ
ǰܻڣ
ЩͷҰѫɳһĵõգ
С㣬Ǭͻ˸ˡ
ҪȻҲôĵȥˡ
˵Ȼ֤ݶûˣδؾͲܸý㱨ˡ
ѰӴȥɡ
⻰ԪƽۺͶ̧ͷ
ЦˣһΣ󣡡


228 
ֱ̲˾Ѷ̵İӴˣ
Ϣһ, 𶯡
ҪûԪƽ۵Ĭֱ˾ôҰӴ
ӱ͹ֱ˾ҲС
ˣӿӺġ
ԪƽΪʲôҪô
һʼ˴ѵϢ
ϾǣĿɲ, Ӻӡ
һʼΪʲôҪӺӣ
뵽, һСֹԱֱӾͻˡ
Ϊ֮ǰûٸҴ󿪷֮š
ӺҲڷӦ˹
ѵ, ѵʽӽ, ʵΪ˿ǣ
һ뵽ǵΪ, Ӻɫһ, ֱ̱ϡ
һߣ鸮
ұʱڴ͡
ΪӸ꣬ǵϷ˵ʮ٣ӺӾȰǶˣһԻʩ, ԻʼҵĿݡ
ĳλһ, ҪǸλ, Ҳôϴˢϵԩ
Цеؾ˾Ʊ
˿ˡ
ôҲΪһ, Ͼ֮, ˭֪, ɾеĶ˷, Ҷı, ʿ񲻶ǲؼɹ֮ҵȶǼթ֮ˣ
οҪ˺ɽԺһϤĽ̵, ȮҲͿϽʿ˵ȴҵȱ͸λ౨
һڱͷ׷׾ٱؾ
һϿ, ǻмƺûвµ֮ǰǰæЩ͵Ϊնݳһ

⻰̲סЦ
ʼô
Щûˣ԰ѻʼŪڹ֮С
뵽Ҳɡ
ҲƱɣ
˵꣬ͷҪһ
ҲʱͻȻһܼģ˳˽ֱܵһԱǰ˵˼仰
һ룬Աֱʧ˵ʲô
˲Լͬؿ˹ȥ
Աһһĺò֣˵ոմϢֱ˾Ѷ̵İӴˡ

⻰ڳ˵ɫֱӾͱˡ
ΪЩԱ뵽ģȻҲ뵽
һĻһ˵հҲʶͣеĶ
ڽֻƬ̵ʱ䣬ԭｻַǷ԰˲һƬ֮С
˶Լͬתͷϵˡ
һȻͬʱʶؿһԱߵϷˣвһĨ塣
Ȼϵ
ΪҪϷ治һܾ쵽Ԫƽ۵ʵͼ
뵽еľƱЦ˵ʲôеöˣԲٻأֻһ
⻰ŷӦ
û֤ݶѾ˻ˣ̲ôҲܰ
ǻʲôõĵģ
ڳ˶ʱһ
ֻ˵ңȼ֮㹻Ѽˡ
ˡ
ֻ¾ԪƽҲ벻ӡ
ʵ۶ѹ˵ĸо
˻
ǲ໥˿ȻͶ˶Էǹزס˷ܡ
̲סȥ룬ҪһֱѹƻʵۣǲҲʵγʱʿʵ۹µĺԸ
뵽Ǹ˷ˡ
һ룬һӹٱ˽ϵ˷Ҳûȥ֡
һӹٱǲŲæͲͷǶˣԼߡ
˵ˡ
ڲ֪ģΪǲȥ̲״εģǽ͵ġ
Ǻܿͷûеôˡ
ڶ죬ֱ˾̲һ
˵֮ŷ֣Ĳ֮ǰһӺӣЩûʸϳеͼԱλӰҲˡ
ڷȥȫǺѹѹɴñ
ˣõ涼վ˴׵ľʿǵĴţǹеĽɡ
Ԫƽ֪ܲôҲı䲻˰ӵĽ
ΪʲôôԱ
Щ̲סüͷ
Ǻܿ侲
Ǿ仰ǶѾе֤ݶɾˣǻʲôµء
Ҳ֪Ԫƽ۰ڳôֻȡ衣
뵽ǾЦˡ
ϵε˿ȴһĸӡ
һϣһִ󣬱Ͼ±ߵĲԪ񣬳Ҫֻ²롣
һ棬Ϊһ̲ԱΪһӣȻҲϣԶԩ޴߶
ڷ˰ʱԥ˺һջûԵ
ôҲû뵽ƽﻹ㿿׵λӣı֣һһ
ôķգٱֳһΪ˵ĵ
뵽صغһϸһǬɡϣƺڼµķա
ζϸ¼ڹлʱѵˡ
ϵķ˶ϸŵġǬɡɨһ·ˣüͷһ֮ˣΪβ򣿡
⻰г
Ԫƽ۵ôģڳộȴ˸ǡ
ȴԣֻŲ˵Ļ¹̫䣬¹֮˻飬¹ĸǻշһƷˡǬɡ¹ٵȶǹʱҪ¹򣬻Ӧø׼һӡ
ţϸűȫ֧Ķ۾Ȼֺˡ
ȴЦˣǾǵһɾݴݲȣѹˡ
Ȼԣ˵ˡ
֪һ룬վͻһתʲôʱ˵ˡ
ʲô
һ㶡
ֻһ˵Ǽ˱ȴ顣
ȻֱתͷлڣմǬɣ¹ټϹ٣ʲôţ
лʶӦй񡣡
·ϣҪʮһ
󲻵˷ӦֱӳĸǩһӣңŸʲôصش!
ǩص˲䣬ҵ۵ǰȫˮ˵ϡ
˺ڳһڹԱŷӦ˹Ҳֱվ
ţʲô˼
ֻƲһۣ˵ô˵ʲô𣿡
һҭ
յĻǻʲô
ΪЩʵʵдڡǬɡϵĹء
ֻΪԪƽ۴һݣܶʱ򶼻ǵ밲ȻҲѧҲͰЩضˡ
ҲΪˣ˲Żˡ
ôҲû뵽ǾȻûзķ
뵽ʲôתͷ˴ӣˣ˵ѣҪһҲڡ
ע⵽Ͷķߺ޵Ŀ⣬ӵҲˡ
˵ֱ꣬ľһģԸ򣡡
ȵȡ
۷죬֪ҪˣֻҧгݵĸѸߣԳ̣֮ȥĸ׵̷
ˣҲ˵ĸףһ򲻺á
ڳԱˣҲ׷˵֮飬㲻Ҫ̡̫
ǻϣϷ˺飬Ҳһѵܴϣ
֪վȻֱӹƣһѹܴм꣬Тϣǵȷš
ȻˣӦóȫˡ
ȥ̷ʲôľˣֱӰǰʮȰ˲𣿡
˵ţһſ˵˵νТֻ˵˵ѣ
˵ˡ
ڳԱʱҲҲɰſˡ
Щۼ״ǷӦֱɿϷ˺ˣеˮصϴȥ
飬飬飡

ҧأ̲סҽг
Īһݡ
˶֮⣬̲סս˫ȭ˶˷


229 
ȵʮ, ŵĿӶѾѪȾ͸ˡ
Ϸ˺˼״ֻ۾ˣæȥô, ǻ𣿡
ƽŹ, ʲôʱ̷ܹ۵ñ˵˵, , ͺû˰һ
·ЩԱŷӦ
ôҲû뵽վȻĸҶ֡
ֱڳشҵ, ʿײ
뵽˿յĿﶼһĨŭɫ
ռ״ЦˣҲֱܹ, ϾҲǰ¡
ʲôǵĻظˣˣղɾ˵ǶǹʱҪ¹򣬻𣿡
, ɾǰİ
⻰òײŻֻǰһڡ
ΪǵƨɿǸողŰ˶ʮ塭
󲻵ǷӦ۾ͰİȻžһ
һ룬˺ѷεĲҽһ쳹̲Ͽա
һĻڳĹԱҲɵս˫ȭ
̲סվգ㡢ôһٶôˣ
ʿɱ, оͲ½ʷ鹤ʣļ𣿡
ʶ̫ӡʶ̫ôôһ壬ֻ˵Ķӣ

ûдǣֻһɹŵЦƺûаǵĻϡ
ȻЩлȴ̲סüͷ
뵽ģȻҲ뵽
û뵽ǣյĵӾȻô󣬸Ŀ֮¶֡
֪Щҽαա
С˵죬ҪȻô˰˵ĵᲢۣΪɱˡ
л̲סΪյ
һ棬־÷ôһĽ
۽ǵһԼѵĶϣ̲סȥ룬Ҫǵл˶һĲĸʹýǲǾͲ䵽Ŀ³ˡ
뵽лڵҲһ
˭뵽أ˾Ȼôеһ档
һߣҲڻ
Ƿ׵촽ֹסĴŶ£ϸǺ¡
ʮǻûôǱ
һУȫݷ͡
ŵ۾ʱˡ
һҪ÷֪ңң˵³
뵽ҧгݵڿԿʼ𣿡
⻰ڳԱҲֻʱѹŭ⣬˻ȥ
ĩˣǻݺݵص˷һۡ
ţȰˣһҪӣݺݵزϷһȻ˾֪÷ԺڳҰⶼ̧ͷ
ӵ˸ǵֱ塣
ڷ˵飬ֻİӵĽչ
Ӧòʲôӡ
Ϊϣǿҹְ˰֤ȫһ顣
ֻҪʵӵڳҰǱסˡ
ԪƽǿԪƽ۵ӣֵܶͽѵԪƽۻܰǶˣ
ǵʱֻȥַ֮Ϊжд̵ֶˡ
Ϊһ㣬ǲ޿
뵽໥һۣ̲סһ
ˣҲЦˣ˵ǸÿˣϾôʱˡ
Ȼľһģ㣬ĲǴʲôʱʼ񻯵ģ
Ӱǰʼ񻯵ġ
á
ʣϷˣ˻ĶӦö֪İɡ
ǡ
գڼθʶΪʲôÿһζ˵ѾˣֻǻҪ
ΪˣʲôЩ
ֱ˵Щ飬֮ǰӺӵʱ¹پѾ˵ˣֻ跭һ֮ǰĹ״֪ˣ滹̫ҽһЩΪҵ֤֤ʡ
ֱӴĻǱֻ˵
ŷͱ˵ӣ̲סֽ˽صΪϵҲ̫ã¹»Ϣ֮󣬳ܲסԲֻϲǡ
⻰ֱ˵֮ԻᲡأΪҵķʳ˶Ϊ˲ʷ֣Źƭ˵ҵĲѾתˡ
ˣ˵¶飬Ǻģк黹̫ҽԺЩʹӵĿڹΪ֤ѾǶۣΪǲţ
һȻӣ˵һֱǼϡ
˵߷߲ѣĸ׵ǱԹ˼ǳɻ궼ûлϺӣһֱǺǼǺ޵ڣڸǺ޲֮ǰţ
úݵģ֮⣬Բס㣬㾹Ҫǣ
⻰ڳĹԱʱһȻ
ྐྵȻ
ҪǸͨ˼ң˵ˣûϺӣżҾҪˡ
ԶкԹˣ

ŵߵڰ׵ĻһЩԱͲѶдϵӣò˹ȥ㣬ǣ޳ܡ
εҲźˡ
ôô
˼״һĨ⡣
˱˵ֶΡ
һ죬Զ񶾵Ծ͸ôСˡ
⣬ֻһʼ
뵽漴һĿ˷ա
֪տֱתͷлڣ𣿡
лͣ˱ʣˡ
գøǩֻѺ
ڳĪһ㶡
ˣ
£Ҳ仰
Ҳסˡ
Ҳԣֻʵʵڹ״ϻѺ
ŻѺĹ״ЦһȻֱӰѹ״һģ˵ãȻĲһֱãȴֻ߻ϣĲˣ֪ڡǬɡʲô
һ㶣ʲô
գɲ۾𣿡
Уɣ֮У
ʶթʵȷΪ۾οʶԵһٶͽʮ֮꣬ӣֻϷ˺һ鸾棬Ĺأ䡭
ֱӴĻǾͼˡ
ڽϷʮٵķϣǵͽ̣Ǹĺˡ
Ȼûдͽ̣ȻͲϱ̲ͻˣÿֱ̡
˵ֱ꣬ץ̲ĴӡЩ״һǡ
ȻֱӽǰǩͰȥ̣
䣡
⻰˶ˡ
һ룬Ϳֱӻˮ˴ϴȥ

ĪһҽС
ŸһԴֱ˵ϣͷϵҲڵ֮һء
Ȼǵͷֱˮסˡ
˵֮ǰжţھжǱ
ŭӶң
ŷӦ
ֱӴλվüŭĿգ֪Լʲô𣿡
Ҳ˵գ㲻Ҫ
ЩԱǼ߲ѣϣôͱ۾ˡ

㡢ȡ֡
ȥϣҾײڷǰҲһҪûϳ㡣
˵꣬Ա̧žҪȥ
ĹԱ״׷׺Ҳȥ
𣿡
ռˣֱӻ˻֡
һ룬ˢˢˢֻһĳʵܵĽֱᵶΧȥ
ȥ
ĵۡ
һ׺ݵֱӾˡ
һ͵ĹԱǲָ֣ŷ˵ԡ㵽ʲô
ʲô
տǣȻŲǾͶŰɡ
δ䣬ЩֱһЩԱĽϣ𣬶¡
ͨ
⧲䣬ЩԱôһһıȹˣҲ⡣
ǳŭˣգ󵨡
ֱӴǵĻ˭ã͵ظɱ
Щ漴ǰһǣ
ܶ׼ǵλεĳʶذѵߵĻ˻ȥ
ֱ壺ȡ֣
Цˣǰȡ֣ϷŪǡ
㣬㡪
⻰ЩԱ˵ˡ
Էհ˵ΪʲôҪô
Ϊʲôô
ϵЦ˲ûˣ̵İӣൽΣ֪
һʴȣǽ棬أǵűӶԩڲˣӻʼҵڲˡ
ǿɻǵã⽭ɽǬء
Ƕؼҵĳӣȴܵؼ˵ͷҰ
ȻˣǱõŸ𣿡
Ǿ仰Ԫƽۻ̫ʴˣҲ̫īسɹˣձȨɽȹ̣ȴһȺͷ
⻰ܴһֹԱɫ˲ͱˣôܻЩأǵŲӾҪա
Ƿոǻ᣺ǲǻ˵оͲ½ʷ鹤ʣҵļ𣿡
ʷ鹤ʻ᲻ҵļҲ֪֪һ£Щܴǵļǡ
ǲǻ˵ȰˣһҪӣݺݵزһȻ˾֪ԺڳҰⶼ̧ͷ
ԺڳҰⶼ̧ͷҲûϵֻҪһһ죬ǾͶʵʵعŸһػ
ˣжŵ飬ǲˣֻйûй¼޵˵ӵĶĹţųɻ궼δãҲֻһʼҳܵķݣĶôָ
⻰ŵˡ
Ϊ⻰ǰЩųܵŮ
⵹ģΪմͷβû
ֱһţ˵˵ô࣬ǣҵ֤˾ٶ֤࣬ݾ٣ֻҪ˵ˣˣ˵Ļ֤
ҡ
Щ۵صڣ
գ˸ҹ
λˣҺúÿŰɣ


230 
䣡
һ, һ
ڷӦ˹
һ飬Ļ֪ܲղڿǣҪɱǡ
ڻˣ, 㲻, Ҫϡ
Ԫƽ۴һ, ֻҪǿϴһŹǵġ
ֻǻû˵꣬ǾԼʧ
Ϊ, ֱ˾, ʵȴԪƽ۵, λϵôܻǷգϾֱ˾ܿΡ
οԪƽۻרŵһӽճųӡ
Ԫƽô֪ܲյĴ㡪
Ҳ˵, ɱǵʵԪƽ, ֻһѵѡ
ǲµԪƽۿ϶Ź, û뵽Ԫƽ۾Ȼôݡ
Ҳ, ϾԪƽҪʴȣĿ, ܱһϲģʶ̫ϻ۵ڷ
뵽, һ͸ǵĺֱӴǵͷƤ
Ǻˡ
֪, ˵ʲôҲԶ֣˵ʲôҲĬźͺ͵һ
, Ӧ˵ǵͲð򵽶ͷϡ
˳׻ˡ
ڸô죿
ԣж
뵽, ǰһתͷڵķ򣺡ǷһķϣȾǣȾǡ
һ˵ţһ߼ææһĨŵЦ
ΪǵãЩҹϲľǶӵʱǳЦˡ
ⲻ֪ͷɢΪʹͶһƫƫҪһЦӣǳЦĸѹմϱߣ˻ϵˡ
ο䵽³˻ôܾǣ˲϶룬ֻһһӦǱӦ㻹ǵѩǱǻĴģҲҲĴǸʲôζ
⻰ϵЦֱӾͽסˡ
ôҲû뵽Ȼô顣
ƿڴˣˡ
䣬Щ۾ѾеˮصشȥȻһһһһ
˾ҪƿڴҲˣΪʵ̫ʹˡ
ڵϵЩԱĲҽУʵǽűߵѪˮĻӲ˻ȥ
Ǿؿš
֮Ϸֱӻ˹ȥЩ۸ںҲûˮѵ˼ǾŹӽŴȥ֮Ӳʹˣֻ֮˹ȥôػ飬ʮʱųûϢ
ʮʱҲû˶
ʮʱѾˡ
ʮŹʱ򣬵ֻʣľ߻û͸ʬ塭
ʱֻȥһյ費ʱ䡣
ڳ˶סˣĪһҰףߵʧ˽
û˳ЦǣΪ˵עȫѪʬϡ
˾ôˡ
˾ôرմˡ
˾ôǵƤӵ¡
Ż
̲ס죬Ż
ǻΪѹ˻ʵһͷٱ죬˾ͱľʬ壬˻Ƿյǵġ
ǲ뵽һʣǾɱӺ
ΪʲôҪȫټǹ
ԷգԪƽȻͲµǵ˼
뵽ĵһݡ
ľѵӣˣȻתͷ㣬Ľɻ⣿
ŷӦ˹
ۿŵϵ˵ʬ塣
˾ôˡ
ڰѩ𰱨˳ˡ
ʲôأ
̲ס˵ͷ۾Ҳźˡ
һΪһΪԷյĸм
գлл㣬лл㣡
˵
ֻһյɾҪˡ
ϾҲ֪ЩĹȻˣĵ׿϶ǲģʮа˾ǲôưոݵġ
뵽˲һĨţա
նôãȴ۵˷գôУ
ǲµ˶Ҫ˵ʲôһЦŴĻ˾ͺá
ģҼȻȻôᵼʲôĽ׼㲻̫ġ
ˣ屾ͲãѪ̫أѬͲˡ
ˣͶظ
ջ˵ˣҲֻܰʣµĻȫʻ˶˵Ϊ̫мһ˿ʣðɡ
ȵһߣղϲڵĻҳ׼ȥԪƽ۸
ʲôͣ˽Ųˣǵð˵ʬ嶼ҵȥЩΪҪϳû̵ĴҲúÿ
ſɲǹԱ³ıؾ֮·
һۣǡ
˵ֱ꣬ƲȺڵϣѻȸĻӺ͹Աˡ
һߣ޵ԪƽȻܹ̫֪˷յΪ
ֱ˹Ͱϡ
ʵϣ˲´ˣЩ黹ľֻǷԼѣԱΪɣûи׼ôֻĵ֤ܹá
µ˺ֿܶܣΨûвµνĻô󷨡
鲻Щӡ
ҲʱһС̫ϣүˡ
Ԫƽʶ·ȻŷӦϵĶ˵Ĵ󳼶ɢˣٰ
ܹ̫ࣺǡ
Ծܹ̫һġ˳У̧̤Ԫƽ۵޹
ԪƽۣյЦŴȥɫ˲١
Ԫƽ˳ֽС̫Ĳ˸Ȼӹһ
һΣѽ
ԵǷհ˴˵顣
ڷ˵ɫ˺ܶ飬ҲûϣֻΪǸ˵ġ
ûڷյȻͬҲǴĵ׵ؾýġ
ϾŮܲ
ջЩˣֱӶˮһȻ˵ֶԼͦã̫˵ˣŸЩһۼͷҰĴ
ԪƽĬĬʴʵûдҪȻΪıȨôġ
ˣλʱ򣬳лѫɳء
ΪǬûɱİá
Щѫɳʱɶָıʶ̫ӡ
Ϊʶ̫ӵϣʮһյؿǣ֮ǰȻɺʶ̫ӣȴĵؽıȨѾɳĶЧҵĶġ
ôɽ
ջҲΪˣŻὫʡΪԼ׼
ֻ˵֪֪Ҳû˵Ǵġ
Ԫƽۿһνӣˣ֪ô㣬͢ʲôĺ
֪
գҶӻֻ۸Щķݣǻ۸ͷ
ڳ͢
Ԫƽۣ͢Щһֱ벻ܶʱ򶼿Щά֡
򵱳ҳɽԺͼҵӰʱûаȥҺԼΪܻʼҵļɵȢʱ߸˵ش͸˶һ顮żɡҡ
գΪһĸ֮ȫЩţ̰ص̻ũԼ˴ͷȻСͷóֺ㡣
ģѾȥϳҵļȥˣҵЩҲƣٽ꣬ΪǬĲˡ
Ԫƽۣ
ʲôʱµ
˵ˣԪƽۻʲô˵ء
һ㷽˵ˣӻ̫ӻʵۣЩôҲ۸ͷȥ
뵽Ԫƽһ̾һȥȻܹ̫ӹһſհ׵ʥּд
ʵ֮ôݣһԭ򡪡
ʶ̫ӣ㲻һԭָܺЩãúһһڻʵ۵
һСС
ֻڣҪˡ
ǲµԪƽһ˵û£ڣǻʷϻãλʱĻʵۣúĻʵĽ
⻰Ԫƽ뵽Լǧٿ׵壬̲סҡҡͷ
һߣҲڻһã̻̲
ӣʣʲô˼
ѽյȣݷյڴˡ
ûģͻȻЩѿڶ˵ǲѻλգ
ܡ
ӵ˵
ĻҲ˵ѵҲǸϵġ
ӣյǸɱġ
ӣʰųֻΪƽ⳯öѡ
˵ǰһ˵ô᲻᲻ЩһѵҲΪ˸һѵ
⻰Ļӵ۾Ҳˣû
ҪȻӵʱԪƽΪʲôרּҲȥ
ľ͸ˣ룬ҪǸӣʷ鹤Ŀ϶ȫǸʣǸڰ˳ЩԱҪڵҲȹڵգʱ򸸻ֻҪϳգվʿ֮ġ
ӣ˼ǣֻǸƳһ鵲ơ
ӣԹȻˣôܻҪѻλء
˵̲סƴЦ
ͬһǸʣȻһϼ޻
ĻӸһҲ֪֪Щ֮󣬻һʲôı顣
⻰ڳ˶ʱЦ
ֻЦЦţͻȻЦˡ
Ͼڳմࡣ
ĵͻȻ͸ˡ
Ȼһ룬һԱ𼱻ǵس˽һ԰ףλүˡ
ӣ
һǰԪƽּ⡣
˵öһȷʧ֮ǻУоȶˮ֮ȣ书֣ٹٲһ¡
ӣڶһдʧʧ£ȥ֮λΪʮ壬گó
Դ·ݡﰲλϽ˷گ뾩ʶ̫սۣر߹ضʮ꣬Ϳ๦ߣȥȴƷزνǹزνְֱ֮δӶƷšššᶽȽֹʶ̫֮
ӵĪǰһڣȻֱӵϡ


231 
Ϣ, ҰһƬȻ
յڴ֮סŵ飬ԪƽоȻֻǴ²
Ҳ֪Ĺ, ޲Ŀ͵౾ѷҲҹźãôټΪ
ӵĹ֣
ЩҪ
ҪǣԪƽ۾ȻΪ, طλӡ
طλְ֮֮ǰΪգگ뾩ؽĸ߹ؽ˳Ž, ȫ˾ǡ
ӴƷĲνһԾΪӶƷᶽн
Щᵽ֥֮ٵķҪ⻰۾ܵõγѪŲţ
ؼǳεĻšššŵᶽ
ڴǬ, ʦǶŲš
ΪڳǹгžֱΪġ䡢ֱɡֱʤ
Ųŵ߳ǾŶǸᶽ
ÿϽһǧԱӸسװǵҪְǻšѲҹ, ˵ǵİΣڶŲС1
, Ԫƽ۽յĸŷšššŵᶽ, ǽһķ˷С
ζֻҪԸ, ʱܴʹ
ԪƽǷ
ԪƽȻûз衪
ôԭֻһ, Ǿ׼λգ
ڵϵĴӵ˲Ťˡ
ΪûдڻΪԪƽôΪĥǵĵز
˵õģԪƽ簮գΪأ
˵õ, Ԫƽʮ꣬ΪȻλΪϧѾĻʶ̫ϻ۵أ

˵õģԪƽ֮÷ȥİӣΪ˰ѷƳȥأ
һ֮ǰյĻҪֻܹãͶ˭ĶӲãƫƫͶʶ̫ӵĶӡ
ҪܸҵһãͶɻӣ˵ҲͲ䵽³ˣ
ڿ˰˱ùģŶԣ
ôͶԪƽ۵Ķӡ
ġ
뵽Ѫ죬֪ĶӿҰˣǻ֮һѰγԱһʿϵ嵶Ъ˹˭ҹҾͻ˭
Щ̵̫״Ҳסˡ
Ϊ¶˵ӡ
Ͼô˵ӶԪƽ۵ӣҪ˵ǿ϶Բ˶ߡ
Ӽ״ŵ˳ȥ
յʹſڣײͬŵģһ׷λӡ
ŶԷͬһǱӣŭ
սеĵһ˹ţÿҪʣҪʡ
ܹ̫ཫԪƽ۵ʱԪƽڽӼպλϽ
ܹ̫ĻԪƽϵЦ˲͵ˡ
ȻſλϽˣ͵ɡ
λϽ໥һۣԽΡ
Ԫƽ۶ѾõӶܷĵزˣȴԪƽ۵ģҪԪƽ۵ķֱǲʶô
뵽վֹȥϷģԺһĸϵ
뵽գԪƽ۵ֺһЩúúãλ仰޾ͷˡ
ȵպλϽȥԪƽ۲̲סְ˰̫Ѩȥǽнɡ
ˡ
Ȼֱַ֣ȥǺˡ
ҪȺϻôƱ硣
һţͿ˴ӵŵŵĳ档
Ԫƽ۶ֱðʲô췴𣿡
Ԫƽ۵ĻӵʶתͷԪƽۣһԪƽ۷ŭæӵеĵȻڵء
ȻǲŷӦ
յĸΪ߹ؽگ뾩췴ǲŵһعţǲŵһԼļңıˣ
뵽ǸŭˣʣǻĶ𣿡
Ԫƽһ˵ʲôΪʲôձǻãΪʲôѻλǣҪѻλգ
⻰һЩ̫¾ģͼԪƽջسһƬȻ
ϾǻԪƽѻλһ£Ԫƽ۵ڳһ¡
ҪǣҪĵ˻ʵۣǴǬЩĳ·
׵ԪƽȴԽԽΪ̫ʵۺʶ̫Ӵġ
Ϊʶ̫Ӿȵġ
Ϊ̫ܵӣܵϻʵۣΪ̫ʵ۰Ѷʶ̫ӵĺͰ˼ʶ̫ӾȻĶϡ
֪֮ҾͲֹٴεظǣҪպúõദҪʲô˼أһһıߣҵĻȫ˶߷硣
޾ٳ谮գ޴ûпǡ
ڷӦ˹
ӣûпǣ
ŭѣҽ궼ʮˣǸ
Ҳ˵һʮˣһ֪ܲûʲôʾ
Ǹס졪
ԪƽԽķŭŴӣҲǸ̫涨ĽϮĹأҵҪ˹⣬ҲǷ˵ᱻǣű߽ΪҪͽĽ飬ΪоʱѡС·ȥԮʶ̫ӣҲͲ˲ԪȦף˹⡣
㡪
ԪƽתͷӣһʵۣɶŮֶӼһҲŲʮˣʲôʾͷӣǰͷ̧С檵Ŀ
ľλܵ𣿶Ѫɳһӿ̲ܶһλʣЩΪϵľλ𣿡
˵Ϊ˳׶Ͼǵ룬Ԫƽҧ˵Ϊ˰⵹գһ˿ƾװ
Ϊ˶գǧټƵ糯͢Ա̰۳͢ĹԱݡ

ЩҲˣΪһӣԼö
⻰ӵĪһ
ԪƽۡԪƽ۾ȻôԱ棬Hȫ¶˳
볹׾ǵĺ·
ҧгݵʣǿӣ
ԪƽۣҵŮǵء
ʧĵط
ԾûգҲѻλһȺϡ
⻰ӵϵ鲻ɵؽ˽
ϣ˵ǲܵġ
ⲢҪֻ֪һ㣬Щ˵ǡ
ǵ˵ôλ˳ش̫̳ģҲ˳Ļӡ
һʥˣԲλΪʲôҪǣ
ԪƽЦˣλҵأҲǣƾʲô죿
˵Щ
˵ǣʶ̫Ӿǵĸ׵ΪӵΪʲôͲܶʶ̫Ӷôһֵĸм֮ġ
ӵĻ֪ܲԪƽҪԽǰѻλˡ
̲סֱ̱˵ϡ
Ǿ֮࣬ĵȴԽԹԪƽۡ
뵽ʲôͻȻЦյֶӣ޲ðĸηζͳô֪Ҳİ㵱ģˣɶ
⻰ԪƽϵҲһ
ΪӵĻȫǴġ
յ֣ҲǷ˲˼ģֶʶ̫ӲϵĶӡ
꣬ʶ̫սϢ͢ʱТ̫Ѿ̥£ʱѾʮ䣬ԳҰ¶Т̫ϢΪľƽѺ
ϲ֪Ķ֪ʶ̫սϢȻǾãʶ̫սˣѾʮĴΪʶ̫ӵĳӣͼпʶ̫֮λ
ǰТ̫ĺǸŮӣ߸
ϾǬѭԹеգ޵ղĹء
֣ʶ̫սϢТ̫
Т̫˵Ϣ֮Ϊ̫Ȼˣ֮󣬸ʶ̫ȥˡ
ʵϣպãΪʶ̫ӾȹΪТ̫
ֻΪ±˵ǶԳɩзǷ֮룬Զֻһһʶ̫ӡ
Ϊ̫ʱꡣ
Ϊ̫ʶ̫ӳսĸعˣЩֵܼТ̫һָġ
̫ոȵʱǸʱ͢Ϊ׷ɱǣֱ伫Ǹʱÿ켸·ϡ
ǸʱСܲô죿
Т̫ϱ֣ﱧŴӳ졣
ҲΪʲôТ̫ʮʱ̫ȴһֱʮڻһӡ
ΪǶʱ۹ȣԵʡ
ŻӣԼλֻ֮òϲˡ
ϵǸӣΪԼʶ̫ӵĳӣȴûʣ˶յ˼
Ҫߵ˼ʱֻ֣Ѿˡ
ºŭѣûסɱˡ
ºͺˣΪô˵Ҳʶ̫ӵĶӣﲻ
һĳˣʶ̫ӵ³ӣӦ̳ʶ̫ӵһУԭӦʶ̫ӵĻλԾ˹ʶ̫Щѫɳ췴˼
һѫɳͶЧȻԵ˰ץ
˼ȥǾֻŵϣͨĸˡ
ΪԸԸԵϾηԾˡ
ǲô˵ɱֳʵ
ջô롭
Ԫƽ۴ûϸֻһΪնһ𣿡
˵ֻ꣬һۣҲٸЩһѿֱ࣬ӻ˻֣λͻǵĸ̡ۡ
⻰ٿųǷӵʿӵ˳׾ˡ
ǻǲġ
ǻӣ
ѾΪǸλ÷ܶôˣ
ƾʲôƾʲôԪƽһ仰ϵǵ롣
ǾЭ
뵽ǿԪƽ۵ĿһĨ
ȻԪƽûǵӣҲͱǲˡ
һĻԱЩĹԱѾľˡ
˵õԪƽǸսթĺĻʵأ
Ԫƽ۾ȻͬԼ˵Ǹʵۣ
үǸǿӵЦ


232 
տɲ֪ԼһϷ
ΪæŸлдأϷлء
˵󰸵ʱ, ҵһ͵ʮΡ
յ֮󣬶ǰᳵ·زŵлڣ
ô
ԡ
ʲôʱ͵ˡõģˡǹĿ
ֻȻô, лڵĶ仹̲ס˺졣
Ȼ¿ȥ
ͬʱҲŰ˴Ρ
лڣ
ʱǸһﵹ֪ѡ͵ȥˡ
ʲôÿ, һеĿ۸αӰ, Һá
лڣ
̻֮صļһûҪ˰ɡ
˵, ŵȻǱȲϷյģϾֻһССӣȴʶ̫֮ӣԪƽ۵ֶӣĻʵۡ
һôţһ߽¿ȥһ, סˡ
ΪΪսصݵλϾΨһܹѹŵĵط
дǣٶ, Ƿ߰˳߰, а˿鸹ֵܳһ
ŴһһָӴĴָʳָſ֮ľ롣
лʶıȻһ¡
Ȼ󡭡ࡣ
Слˡ
һŷӦ, Ȼʶذ˳ȥ
ޣˣҪ
һ, ¿, Ҫ
лڵ˲͸ˡ
ںһ, Ż
ȻŷӦֲ֪лڣЩֲǹ˵ġʲôյġ
뵽, лԥ˺һȥǷż˻
һжĴè
л
ΪڵӸܵ뱻ʱӼֱһģһ
ȵлڿһŵʱѾС֮ˡ
ȻذǷѾżĳ
ǲܻŵģϾѾҪͷնϾѹϵġ
ֻǸ˹ʲôﲻЩġ
Ϊֱӿ϶ǲưոݵġ
οǵ͸ãЩӵΪԼǰ;ٻʮа˾ŻŴһߵڡ
⻹Ҫġ
ҪǣλȣЩԱĿУֻ·ջλء
ΪλֻƷ覴ãأƷ覴ãҪǣܹ߱Ϊһϸľ
ˣͿƾ׵ǰƵġ
οջţĿ֮£Ƚ
֪Щ϶ҲἫΪʵۡ
·ֻ²һߡ
뵽л̲סüͷ
ԭû뵽ЩͲסס
дţܹ˵λ˶һ١
ΪλãӦʵʵȥԭѾ˼ˣȴΪǰ;ĶӾôԪƽ۷ˡ
⻰漴ϵЦ⣬ȥ˶סԺӡ
ֻˡΪλѾ˴ȥˡ
ٿȻ۾ֺˣȴĵûп޳
Դˣһ˵˵Ϊûһ׼𣿡
οҶѾ˰ˣٶᣬҲÿ޸ˡ
˵˶٣һᶨԣգһҪϻʵۣҲŬġ
ʵϣҲû뵽Ԫƽ۾ȻҪλա
ⲢҪҪǷվĸ͸ȴǧټƵҪȥѡվڷ߼ֱ쾭顣
ֻһ㣬ֻһŮӣ޷λϽһǰա
ûϵΪвģǱͳţֶ޽˴Թ֮ңֻҪͨϵ°ﲻ
ռ¸߰ȻҲܾЦ˵á
֮κлļࡣ
λӵɿ£ԱĹģ󣬶ΪԪƽһֱջس˹Աճ
ֻһأԪƽ۸ĹִЩԱηԣǲɿڰⷽա
ֻһ߼Ԫƽۣһ߽ìͷ׼˷ա
ǼϣܹץסյһЩѱȻɿĹԱǡ
ֻǷȻֱ˾УɲǸССƷ٣ְޣܹĿռȻҲСĿ
ԭΣ͹ˣԪƽΪմ˲ţһΣ̲ҲЩճĹԱ֮УԪƽ˳ưĹ٣ȥ
Ϊ⣬ҰȻһȻᡣ
ΨһľְӣȻӸմ
ͲסδԸлڻУȷհѰǾѾѰˡ
֪εжิӡ
ȻΪһԷյӡĹ˲٣յƷҪλ΢ôһ㡣
һβûмЩԪƽΪ̫ӵĹԱ֮С
ҲֻǺôһ㡣
οΪһҪĿɲƷУ
հûУȫǷ֣ܷһʱѵҪǷһɡ
ˣοЩԱˡ
ǺܿͷӦ˹Ȼץסһ㣬˷ա
鵽һ˫ʵЩﻢˡ
ԪƽĥŸνⳡˣȶֵʱ򣬾ڴӵ˽ʾ֭Ҫɿʱ򣬱߹ͻȻ˰Ӽ˵ǲԪߵߡ
ʲô
ԪƽһڣԪԪôͻȻͿ۱ˣ
ǰʱ䲻ǻ˵ԪʵʧˮΣڵϦ𣿡
ڿɲ˵ЩʱԪƽ۵˵Ÿʲô죬ٹȫ
һߣ˵˲ԪߵߵϢǶʱҲˡ
Ͼ˭֪Ԫ׺ݣ̫ʵۺʶ̫ӶôӢ£ǸǴһӣҲֻǽǸϳԭ
ϾͷӦ˹
ԣδؾͲһ£
룬ʱ򣬻Ǽ˵ʱҪʱϰգӭλӣǾͼճ
¹شǬĴһӦǵġ
ã
տǣھ֪֪ǵ
ҲԪƽ֪ȻأҲ˵£ûǣؼҾ⽭ɽ

֪ЩԸ۵ʱԪƽжŭ
޳ܣ޳ܡ
͢ôôһȺĹεĹԱ
Цǣ֮ǰȻôһȺӹ֮˾á
ƫƫκβˡ
ҪǵԸ˷գʲôȥʶ̫ӣȥТ̫
뵽Ԫƽֱ̱ϣס۾
ҪǣͲһѡ⡣
ϾԪ¹غĿɲǴǬĽɽ׼Ƶհ
Դ𰸿֪
˵ԪƽѾ׼˳ǵԸⷽˣһʱ֮䣬ö䶯ˡ
á
Ҿ֪һ֡
ҵҪջôţ
ӵ˸Цƨϵ˿ڶѿˡ
ȻǸ˻죬Ϣ˵ǲԪʵĹʮ֮䣬ʮ˳ǣԪ뾩Ѿˡ


233 
˵ʲô
⻰, ϵЦֱӾͽסˡ
ԪԪ뾩Ѿˡ
ŵһ̣˵ﶼһ˿
Ǹأפ󶼲һǧ, һǧɢ, Ԫʮһһڿˮ, ܰˡ
ٹʱ, Ԫֻ¾Ҫɱˡ
ֻвʮ, ôܻԪĶ֡
ǬҪˡ
뵽ֻǰһڡ
ֻòԪֵ飬⵹գɲǬҲˡ
ϾǬҪ, Ǿǰ⵹, ̫, ʲôء
ô죬ڸô죿
Ҳˣԣͽȥ, ȫǵ׳һسǣֻҪס, ǬͲ
˵ţվҪȥ
ǱŵȴֱסүͿ
˵, ԪȻˣ˵ı߾пѾȫû, ԪսԶҾ֮ϣǵıǵ֮࣬µ, ಻ǾͻʧݣϣǾͻᱻԪ׹ƣϵı߾ҪϹҪʱ䡭죬˵ʱҵʬ嶼ˡ
⻰ͣ˽Ų˵˵ڸô죿
˵˵үܰɣ
ʲô
һ㣬ӣУԲУ
ʱͼˣүôӱأɽڣûհ
룬սǬܾѶ֪һ£ԪӲӲǾǵ
õӦݱԪķâϷٵԪ
Ӳ˵ˡ
˼Ķˣæ˵һһظִ˷һؾǣΪȶģ˵ҪЩҲھǣүѵôװ׵ھǣ
˵ֱѹҪǣڻڰٹٵв֮£˿ڣĵ׻Ը̫ӵģֻҪ̫֮λһδǾһղܰ˵Ϊ飬Ѿλ棬Ӯ汾Сġ
ǻϵΨһһӵϵصģελڻʵһ
λʵθԹλʵλڵھӣ֮ܣ֮ʱλڡһӵܡȫ°ȥΨԹ©֮㣬ӵϷȻһȺطԱӵ£Թ˳ǻƵۣΪοʵۡ1
뵽ӵĺ˲ͱü
Ͼ˭Ϊθأ
ЩԥǣҸʣĸô졭
ˣ˵ҵүɽҵΪأԶʱˣ㻹Ѷأ
߰ɣȻˣ˵ּˣʱǾҲܲˡ
˵ţӾȥ
ˣ׻û˵֡
Ǿû뵽ǣ뷨ģɲǡ
һߣ֪ԪѾ˾ǸϢԪƽеĲֱӵ˵ϡ
ʮ򱱾߾ôûˣ
Ԫôôʹ˽
ǬҪˣ
뵽ԪƽһģֱӵϣϵҲֱɨ˵ϣɢһء
Ϊ˴ǬʮһյڿңڽŲʮ꣬ͷѾˡ
ԭ룬㲻һ֮Ҳһس֮أǬҪˣҪΪ֮ˡ
ڸô죿
ڻô죿
Ԫƽ˵
Ҳʱܹ̫ͻȻ˽ϣϡ
Ԫƽʶ̧ͷ
ܹ̫Ѿˣ˵ԪϢѾˡ
СλӣѾѾˡ
⻰Ԫƽ۶һ£Ǳ׵һһϡ
ںһŷӦ
˾ǱȼһץϽʣǸУͺݺݵ˵ϣôôһȺ޹޼ңҲТʲ
ΪҲ֪Щʲô⡣
˵ţһûдҪʹȥ
ܹ̫״æסϣϡ
Ҳʱ򣬼ʮԱ˽ǿɲԪƽ۵ţϡ
ϣ뿪ǰɣϾɽڣûհ
ϣ˵öԣĹڣⲻܣֻݱܷâѡ
ӣ
Ԫƽǿѹ
޲ӣ޿ǻʵۣôǰʮء
ΪҲ֪ԪĿǻңҪˣԪƻգʮа˾Żþǵİйߡ
⻰ЩԱʱͼˣϣǼƽЩСڵʱ𣿡
ϣҪǻţǬͻڣҪˣǬɾˡ
ϣ̫ʵۺʶ̫ӷѾǧŴģ̫ʵ۽½ϣܰסǵѪĿŴǬ𣿡
⻰Ԫƽ
Ǭкȥʶ̫ӣȥ̫ʵۡ
Ҳ¾⼸ʮܡ
зա
ԪƽطӦ
뵽ʲôһҧ޲ߡ
һϡ
ԪƽֱӴǵĻȥȥգжǣȫߣֵԪֻҪ޻ԪͲȥ׷ɱǣ޴סʱ䣬ʱ䣬㹻İȫӳȥˣҲ㹻Ƕɹƺˡ
ԪֻҪ˻ƺӣǾ׷ˡ
˵ţֱץϵǰҵ֮󣬾ͰԺվǵˣһҪһӵ
ϣ
һӣֻΣڳйԱסˡ
Ԫƽ̲סĨһúõĽɽ̣ӣռˡ
Ҳֻлˡ
⻰ЩԱŷӦϣ򲻿ɰ
ԪƽҪؾǣ³֪
οʲôˣԪƽ۷ʮ꣬ûܰ
Ҫ̫ƽʢ㵱ϻʵۣٻתȥĿܣµĴǬѾǷƮҡ֮ʣҪǵϻʵۣǬɾҪˡ
൱˵ϣִ࣬ӹܹͬʿסԪ
ˣҲ׷˵ϣߣΪϺ󡣡
Ԫƽˣ۾˲ͺˡ
Ǿܾǵ飺Թʿޣ޵Թʿ֮
ôλȥء
˵꣬һҧֱתͷǻŸʲô콫Ǹޣȥ
⻰Ľӿ˽
ϣ
һĻЩԱ۾Ҳˡ
ôҲû뵽ԪƽΪ˾ǵİգΪΪǣȻԸԼ
ֻԪƽѾԲôǱЩȫ˳ȥ
ŴĴŻǰϣЩԱ̲סȥϡ
ԹֻоҪòʲôʱΪ˳ȥ
ûã˵λڲǿ޵ʱ򡣡
ϼȻѾ¶˾ģҵҲΨо찴˼λ﹫²źãֻܻرĶһ
ԱˣһǰŽյĴһҧ˵ò
ˣĬһŴڵķһݡ
Ȼվȭͷ˵Ȼˣ飬ͷȥӦеλ
˸һȥʮ
εˣǡ
֪֮ȴûҵա
أ
Ժӻ̻̲ˣ༱͡
ŷվ˳˵ˣүܹܳˡ
ˣһǰ顣
ֻǰһڣʱˣվȻţ
˵ҪȥĶ𣿡
ŷûС
۹һ˵ȻˣˣǷͷȥңʱ֮Ż͡
á
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ˣҲֻˡ
˻𼱻ǵ뿪ˡ
ԵһԱ˵ȥǲŵۣһѰ
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ˣү
ĴЦˣʲôӵϱߣȫԴӻʼҵϵѡһСëӵʵۣȻ󡭡
Юȡ֮
⻰һ㶣˲˷үӢ

̲סЦ
ı˴뱲ӣڵȵһ졣
ЩҪྫĸԪƽλôꡣ
ȻԪƽǿǻʵΪʲôء
뵽Цſ˻ʳڵķһֱۣתͷߣǡ
˷սʱڰŵĳ¥ҵ
жԷҲԽĲ
ǿҪΪ˷գҪǳڶԷյΣ˵ԪƽҲľ
֪ϲûʲô
ܾĴ
οĶƫġ
ǵ׻סˡ
ϾҪɲǾ뿪ǡ
൱ס˷յ֣Ÿʲôߣ
֪þҲûա
ʶػͷһַĿǰͬʱˡ
˳Ŀ⿴˹ȥֻʴҳ
һ
ΪҲ֪Щҳʲô
ΰŶﰲʧԪôôʹˣ
ȻǾͷ֣ʴȻɳԼ֮ģȴа
ֱЩҳԽԽԽԽ
ǶһŷԪǰȻǬգ˺ӡ
쵰
ڳĹԱ۾˲ͺˡ
Ҳ֪Ԫʲô⣬ǷЩǬܣǴ򿪳š
Ȼһ룬ЩԪ;е䵶󷽵İա
ɱ
ɱǬˡ
һĻЩѾƣİֻһߺޣһصȣǰȥ
ЩյĲҽУһһСɽϣĸ˴Ѿ
ĸ˴ϷдšԪ֡
֮£Ϊ׵Ԫʵöֻ˷ܲѣá
ڵȵһˡ
һηǬζʧܸգΪľԵʣ¹Թ󱻶Ӹ»λĽ
ǸҪڰ⵹ָܻ֮ҫָԪķҲˣƫƫǻ֮󣬾ȥ˴ԪĹţǬ׳Ƴˡ
ָǬͨ˻УȻǸԣˣҲΪƱˣȴ׶ʧΪѪԣֻΪǬ˵ūֱǿɶ
ڳӣֻˡ
Ҫǣһļ䣬֪Ǭе㡣
֮ɱǸӣȻֱȥ˼ǹزν˽ӡ
ҲĶӣΪƶȫβŵϵļǹزνһŮ֮󣬾Ͳˣƫƫ׼檡
ֲޣΪߣְɴ͵͵˼Сģһزҵȥ͵ȣԶʮ͵һ硣
˽вʱɲͽ
ȻЩ֪շǬҪطԱһ·񣬴Ǭľǡ
ʵͬһ˷ܣ˭뵽أǬҲн졪
󽫾쵱ҲЦ
ԭ฻ԣػƽȴƫƫһȺһǬռˣζ빥ԭ
ΪˣʮǰǲŻӦԪĻˣǬֻϧǬ˶ڣֹƶˣȻɹɱʶ̫ӣȴǰˡ
뵽ս֮󣬹ڱصӣ̲סս˫ȭ
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뵽Ԫʵöֻ̲סٿһ㣬ǬҰӦ֮ǰ°š
ٸǣֻҪڰʱ֮ڹţŮˡ鱦Ŷǵġ
Ľ쵱صǡ
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ﰲŽЩԪɺ죺Ҫǿ˳ţЩԪ϶˳ƹģʱ
롣
գҪȻأؿЩձԪɱ𣿡
ﰲ˲Ͳ˵ˡ
ΪǲǼգǿհ
Ҫԣ˵ŵʱ˳ϣҲǾˣһʧأ˻ˣļʮտҲҪɥȪ
ǻߣȴôҲ˵
Ǿ仰ΪǲǼգǿհ
գŰɣùѹס׷
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Ϊ̫ԶҲֻ̫˼Ӱ
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ץס˷յ֣ڲ˵Щʱߡ
ȵԪǿɾ߲ˡ
֪վһλӿ֡
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ֱӾסˡ
ȻǾͿճԱߵһ֣
ʶеĹ˹ȥ
ֱֻ칭׼Сɽµķ
һ㶡
յӣɱԪʵۡ
ʲôЦ
Ҳ˵Ԫʵ֮Զֻ˵ѹֻͨʽֻһٶʮס
Էô䵽Ԫʵۡ
Ȼǿڣһ룬һĹȻԥɿ֡
һߣǬ̫ӾȻĴ˳ţԪʵöֻһ㶣Цĸˣ
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뵽תͷʵۣ󽫾죺λҪʱܹǬˡ
ʵ˵ҲشЦ
ҲʱĸʵǿʲôͻȻ˵ǽϵǸʲô
˳Ŀ⿴ȥ
Ԫʵöֻﳣϰ䣬һ򲻴һ۾Ϳ칭ķա
ʱЦˣǼһ׼ķ򣬲ɱҰɡ
⻰ʵ۵ҲЦˣǬ˸òԱˣ˰˰ɣ

ԪʵöֻЦøˣ֪һ룬۽ǵͿһ۵ķâԽǧ
ԪʵöֻϵЦ˲ͽסˣصɴۣǵâҲ֮ԽԽԽԽ󡭡
ڷӦ˹
ʶҪܡ
ȻӦ͡
һֱӴĲѪԱߵĸʵһͬʱġԪ˧ҲֱӺϡ

ԪʵöֻŲӣſ죬ȴֻѪ
һ룬ֱӴȥõ˵ϵġԪ˧ϡ
۵ɵϴһҲû¡
ǽ֮ϣؿԶСɽһӰϵȥ˰øϹлϵ鶼סˡ
Ҳ֪˭˵һ䣺ȻȻˣ
⻰ֻǰн˸
ôܣ
ôУ
û˵ֱ֣
ʶشӱϵļһ֧ȥ
ù֧ٴδ˳֮ϣ֡
СɽϣʵʶĨһֵѪٿ˿ϵԪʵöֻʬ壬ǰһڣʱͷӦ˹
ǬǬ֡
⻰ҲӦ˹Ժֻʣһ֣Ǿܡ
ǲȸʵۼнµսͣһ֧Ҳĺġ˧졣
ǵ֧ˡ˧֮Ѿתͷ󽫾ؿڡ
ǵ֧ˡ˧֮䴩ͦǰʵǰһѾܳȥʮ֮Զĺ󱳡
һ˴ˤȥȻһƬŵĳǽϣŻعͷЦŻش˵ʣ˵Ǵ򲻽ġ


234 
ࣺ
Σ
лڣ
ﰲ
ǰ󲻹յʱ, վȻ֮Զһֻһٶʮ׵ʽֻļ, Ԫʵ, ʵ, 󽫾죿
⻰˵ȥ˭Ű
ƫƫͷǵƤӵ¡
һ͵ؿŷա
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⻹
Ƿղ˻ʲô
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ࣺ
Σ
лڣ
ﰲ
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ͻȻôһ֣Ժô㣬ôǰԼ
ҪĿɲĻʵ۶ɱˡ
ΪĻʵǧһֱǴ󽫾еĿܣ˵󽫾λʵۣʵҲû
Ҳ˵, ֮ΣѾ˴ˡ
ҲʱǿֱӴֵļһ֧Ȼ׼Զ
ʶ˳żķ˹ȥСɽϣͷӿȻҳһš
Ȼ, ĹҲǵĻʵ˵ˡ
һ룬һ˴ȥ
Ȼǵڶ, , ĸ
ࣺ
Σ
лڣ
ﰲ
Ҳ֪ɱЩ˿϶ĹĴ󽫡
ҵ
Ǿ仰ЩҪģҪǡ
֮ΣѾˡ
ΪﰲܿͷӦ˹ϵ˷ܸƲס, ֻתͷܣҰѳ̵ʹҺԪʵۣʵۣ󽫾ȻͶ
ԱߵʿˣɤźԪʵۣʵۣ󽫾ȻͶ
Ľʿˣһ֮󣬵ҲŴܿ죬ǽϿն˷ܵ
Ԫʵۣʵۣ󽫾ȻͶ

⻰ЩڳʿʶػͷһСɽڵķȴǶûԪʵ۵˵ӰԭǶ˧Ҳûˡ
æܿ˿ҲûзǵĻʵۺ˧졣
ĹҪҲռʱɱˣһʱ֮䣬ָǣȻֱˡ
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ֻ˵⻰ʱвûа㼱ɫ˳ɣΪȻҲ˳ǽЩʿĻ
Ϊˣ˲׷ﰲΪʲôҪ򿪳ţԪԿɳ֮顣
ȻǲſԱߵķգүôҲ⣿
ǵɫͱˣүʵ̫Σˣ뿪
֪һ룬վʹĻã
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յĴ˲ȥǾͺã˵лĲɷǷʱлֿһҪúһƪﱾ
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ӣͷȽϵʸûˡ
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ƫƫ֮ͥ£ҲЩʲôֻܵͷݺݵصһ۷յЬ⣬Ȼصǡ
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㣬дĿԼ鶼óһڴ֮ͥ˵
ɨһлں˵Ķ⣬תͷɫﰲˣ֮ǰû˵ĻڣǴıһʹˮ
ʶǽ·ȥȻȫ˳ĹҲѾš
ԵǷӦʱ򣬷Ѿһȣ׷Ԫˡ
˼ˣ˲ͼˣ£ӲΣǽ֮£ôԴȥ׷Ԫأ
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ԭԼһܹΪһϸĻʵۣȻ󽫽ɽȵؽ
ôҲû뵽ӡ
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Ԫƽŷܹ̫Ҳڴôôûиһߣ
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Ҫūߣū澽ֱײϡ
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ܹ̫ȴЦˣū澲Ϳūֵֻ֪ūЧһӡ
⻰Ԫƽ̲סͷԼ
Ϊж֮࣬ҲԽı
ɣԼ˶סɼǶôܡ
Ȼһ룬ϵͻȻסˡ
תͷ򱱱ߣʵûʲô
ʲô
ܹ̫˳Ŀ⿴˹ȥ
ԽԽҲԽԽ
ܹ̫ʶ⣬ɱ
һͷӦ˹Ȼʧʡϡ
ΪҲ֪Щʲô
ٿԪƽۣɫѾ׵ֽһˣսܹ̫֣ԪԪôôɱˣ
˵Ǿ뾩ǻ֮Զ𣿡
ûУûУ
гİգǣǡ
ԪƽǰһڣҪʹȥ
ΪҲ֪ʱ򣬾İտʮ֮һûгȥ
뵽Ԫƽ۰Ⱦȥߣȥţȥſ
ȻǲŸո߳ţӭһʿ˹ǻѪֹԪƽֱ֮ӹڵأϣǱߣǱߡ
ԪƽǰһڣȥţѾԪˣ
Ϊ֮⣬벻ԭ
ǡ
ԣΪ׵СŷӦۿԪƽ۾Ҫʹȥˣ˵ǣϣˣӮˡ
ǰˡ˵ʲô
Ԫƽ۵Ӳؿ۽ǡ
Сѣڰų¥ļĹʵһһɱ¡
ڣ׷ء
ϣӮˣ
Ԫƽۣ
ܹ̫ࣺ
Ѷٹ٣
ļɱĹʵۣ
գļɱĹʵۣ
ԼȥдĻôд


235 
Ǻ֪ܿ, ˡ
ΪԪˡ
Ҳˡ
Щ͢س׿֤ԪƽۺЩԱ벻Ŷˡ
ôأ
ǿհ, ƾ, ôҲհ
תһ롪
ȻһϲͨҲûаѧǵȷ
뵽ٹֱӳĬˡ
Ԫƽ۸һãȻ˵޵, ȥӾԭĺ
ҪȻͽһҵˣڻΪһЩ͡
뵽ϵӸˡ
û뵽ǣǻСˡ
վһȥ¡
һ·ĹʱµݾΪ, ʮĹӾ쵽, ִӺ쵽ɽ, ںƽʮĹ
ȵʮĹȫȥפ·֮ǰ֧Ԯı߾
ȻԴӱ󽫾ҪʮָȨ, ȻʮӣֱԪȥ
º, ԪȫʧأԱߵҲ·ʱ˳ˣԪʵ۵Сӱ̻Ͷ
ټĲԭ˻Ǭͼ
Ȼͣ, ˴ˣŴֱȥ
ʮ󣬸𣬻Ϥնɱ
һ˵ЩϢ֮󣬳Ұ¶ʱ̻̲ѣûȷհѶɺĴãͶˡ
Ͼǵľ֮ǰͲԪĻб󽫾һգЩһѾŴ󽫾ɥǬһںأʣµǵУôܻǴǬĶ֡
Ҫʷܹһ·ģ
ʮƣӱʲôģһûãܼ򵥣սֱѵоĽȫɱ¶Էڳǽ֮û˽ָӣЩʿ͸һɢɳ࣬ʣµĽﰲǾУϾǶǾþɳϽˣԸһɢɳֱټ򵥲顣
ҪϽӴսǾ͸ˣֱӴŽʿǺֱײС
˵ˣϸûĶ֣ԼټӲУҲܱ׾ٵ˺һӣʣµĽﰲǾͿˣǾ仰ǶǾþɳϽˣԸһȺ¶ǵĵµļУֱټ򵥲顣
Ϊˣսƾһһ˲ԪĹ֮ԪƽͬЩٹһû˯ž
Ҫ֪̫ʵۺʶ̫ǶôӢ˰Ȼǻ˶ʮʱ䣬ҲֻǰѲԪϳԭء
˷ô˼һ¾ɵذѲԪǸˡ
ȻˣЩҪҪǣҪɱųȥǺÿ˷ôıֻΪ˷Ԫ֡
뵽˿Ԫƽ۵Ŀⲻɴ˼Ǵ
ǴԪƽ۵ôꡣ
ǴԪƽñӦڴǬİǧصڲŵ˴Ǭ
Ԫƽۣ
Ȼǣ޲Ļʵ
УʲôڴǬİǧأô룬ʹԪ
֮ǰôͷյ
ͬһʱ䣬ֻΪԪѾ˾ǣϾҪ׷ӣһµֻΪԪ׷ɱܵ϶˰֮ڵִϵء
·˺ӣùһٷʢķˣϴȥһĳ֮Щطڱӵʵ۵µεʱЩطٹȻһŶ
Ӽ̲סվֱæ·ſһЩµ̨̨ܷλˣǣ
ֻΪ׵ĳµ̨۾˵ үϢˣ
æ˵Ϣˡ
µ̨Ǿͺã·ɡ
УҵǳôܵΡ
ӵ˵ˣϾʹõĲݸ塣
£ٴ·˿£ֿ˿ƤЦⲻЦĳµ̨ˣڷӦʲô·ʲô·
ǲӵʵ۵أ
µ̨Ȼǻؾˣ
ؾǣ
ʲôЦǶѾˡ
طӦǣѵ͸ԪͶˣ
֪⻰µ̨ķӦüŭĿүԡ
лϣĺ踣ҴǬϣʢڣ֮˵
ʲô
ӵȫסˡ
ûݣ
µ̨еĳڲסүЩæȷǲ淢顣
ӳǵʱھǰļԪʵۣʵۣ죬󽫾£ҴǬ㵹֮ʣΪˣ䶼˵ļɽһ
ʾ׷Ĺֻµʱ䣬ȺԪƽΪǬǧ꣬ǰ޹֮ҵ
⻰ӵֱӾˡ
գļɽΪǬǧꣿ
ЩÿһʶΪʲôյһ֮ǾͺͿأ
ҾûݡҲζ֮ǰﲢûԪ׷ɱǡ˸į
뵽Ϊһ·Ϸ¶ޣ£¾ݵƤͷ˶ɵˡ
ЩҪģҪǣûݣҲ˵ǵļƻˣ֪ȴǵĽʲô
ÿ֪ˣΪµ̨ѾѺǻؾ
ڷӦҲˣҲؾҲؾ
һ˵ţһȥ
⸱ӣµ̨Ʋˣҵʲôˡ
ֻЦ˵ǿɾݲүˡ
˵ֱ꣬ӿңүؾ
⻰һӱӿȥ
һĻӵ˵ɫװˡ
ͬĳϵصʡݣֻǻλԼࡣ
ȵǱѺ⵽ʱѾǰ֮ˣԪƽ۵Ҳ侲
ܹ̫֮󣬳֮ϣԪƽֱ˵ǼСֱѺ
ǡ
ܹ̫൱ȥ
ûһĹ򣬴ӵ˾ͱѺ
ǣԪƽ̲ס۾ץԵĲ豭ݺݵӵͷϣôȺ
Ƶ۵ǰʲô
Ǿݣˡ
Ҳˣߵʱ򣬼ǵôǵĸǵãҲܰοһԼǻûõ
ء
ǸʾôôһȺѪ
뵽ͻȻûôŭˡ
Ϊˡ
Ȼôˡ
ǵǰʹʣ֪ˡ
ʣٸһλᣬٸһλᣬԺһĵģһĵġ
Ӹǹ˲ԼԴѪֹ˿ڣֱӳԪƽͷԺܿ죬ϾͶһ̲Ѫ
˵ˡ
ԭΪԼܳĹֵĻᣬˮ㣬ԼĳǻƵ۵Ұ
û뵽ǣոӵϵأξˡ
մѵġ
ȴ˲գֻ֪ҪǲܸԼҵһĽڣԪƽһŹ
൱ݺϣϳûжģϳֻΪ˵ѾˣΪ˷ֹԪУŻȴ뿪ǣȥϵصȴǵġ
Ԫƽȴ࿴Щһ۵뷨ûˣֱתͷ˵ȫȥͻǵĸۡ÷ų
÷ų
Ԫƽ۷Ȧһӣ
⻰ЩֱӾʹסˡ
ôҲû뵽ǶˣԪƽ۾ȻǲΪ
֮࣬һɷŭ˲ӿǵͷ
ƾʲôԪƽ۵ӣԪƽ۶ȴôѪ顣
ֶֻӣǲշʲôԪƽ۶ܰ
뵽ԽķŭŶͷϵ˿ڣͻȻһЪ˹㵹ǶͷΣնɾͲһôˣҪȻ飬ôӲ֪
һڳԱ˲סˡ
ǰԪƽҪ֪ôһֱھǲţ
ǰֻ˵ϲ򣬶Ҽܲɴû˵䣿
뵽ǵɫ˲ͱˡ
ʶ̧ͷϷԪƽۡ
ԪƽϵȻʧˡ
ԽԽԼжûд㻹أ
뵽ʲô˵²ֻǷ㣬ˣɱ׸磬Ļλʮа˾Żأ
⻰Ԫƽۺһ٣ץϽʣµıУٴκݺݵӵϣޱ죬죡
ЩԱǰһڡ
Ҫ˵ĵĻɾû취ճˡ
Ҫ֪ڿʮ˵ǸɱˣϾҪʦسˡ
ү²ڸǿЦǰһ뻹ʢڵΣһ͸Ǵͷˡ
ܻӣӲںͷֱԪƽҳһѪԽ˷ܣˣˡǲˡ
ӵҲӦ˹ˣҪûлɹͲӦ
Ҳˣ⣬㻹ҪԽǰѻλ㻹ǲҲТȴǲȵģ
ԪƽۻҪǵߵĻȴôҲ˵
Ӽ״ѻ˵˳ǲ˵պǲһĹεˣ
㿴⻰Լš

ӴЦҹȻû˵ͷΣȴζűء
֮Իô˵Ϊ뵽һ飺Ҽǵջ׹ҩأʱҾͻɣ᲻ҩ¶ڿҵĻʮа˾ûдµҩǶҩ˵ͽˣ˼ˡ
û뵽ɣҲн񡭡
һЦţһ̧ͷϷԪƽۡ
һ룬û˵Ļֱӿɤۡ
ͬʱĻЩԱǰǲһڣҲæ̧ͷϷԪƽۡ
ȻҲȫסˡ
ΪԪƽ۲ûа㲡ӣʮ겻ֹͷϵһ룬޵ķһǰ׵ģǷȴǺɫģȻʱոճġ
ٹ٣
һڻӣ
Լûдӱʹ֮лģʶԼĶͷԪƽۣ


236 
º, հʦس
Ԫƽٹٲճǰӭ
Ԫƽۣһɫս۵ķֱӴһԾ£ϥأֶݼ塣
, ʿŵϥ£ɽꡣ
Ԫƽæǰѷշ, ۽ǶЦ⣺úúãúúá
µؽմһ飬̲ס˵ˣҲˡ
ЦЦ
ǲݵģҲҲܺڵġ
ȻˣҲԪƽۿˣֻǹҰˡ
Ͼָȥء
뵽װسȺелЦһ¡
лڣ
Ķ˲ͺˡ
һһһǹġ
ֻô, ̲ס͵˷һۡۡۡ
۽ǵ⿴һĻ, յĴĻ˲ˡ
ȻջĿ⣬Ԫƽۣ˵忴Ҳ˲١
˵, ע⵽վԪƽ۵󣺡жý, Ǵˣ
Ԫƽʶ޽ǣ̲סۿĸѾˡ
ԭѾᱻʹĥ׼ΪѾûʲôźˡ
ϾĳѾˡ
ҴǬסˣʢڡ
ټƾյ, µľֻ¸Ҫæɵ̫֮λˡ
ҪǡĸҲ˶
죬Ϊӱ飬һٲ֮, ʹԪƽ۶Ԫƽ۴һ٣ֱӰΪĩȵĲŮ
ȻˣĴ˵ֻǲʹϾӵǻ֮Ϊ̫󣬴Ӵ֮ϵء
ôҲû뵽ͻȻɱˣȻӺԥˡ
ͷΣԼŮҲԼˡ
ǱӦ
οֻԪƽӴĺ֮һ͵ȵĲŮеľŮƷߣԺľؿ֪
ںˣԼһŮˡ
ͰʲôĸŮ֮鿴ˣҲͲµ϶ֱ˰˸⣬ûٿһۡ
ôҲûвµ徹Ȼкһ졣
ڴ֮ǰһֱΪԼ񲻴ûôΪñ泩Եʣֻǻعⷵա
ֱǱѺؾڳ֮Ͽڳԡ
Ԫƽۺžķ֣Ԫƽ۲ضӣǷϻͯˡ
ϵһƬҡ
༤æ̫ҽ
ʮ̫ҽһһԪƽ۰óĽ۶Ԫƽ׳İҲʧˣٻʮ궼⡣
϶ʱˡ
ֻԪƽһ˵һΪ˷ս׵ҩģȻԪƽ۾ͬŷ͵ҩĶ
ͱҴææ뵽˳֮ϣʮ̫ҽžΧóĽǣҲѾˡ
֪֮
һ߿޺šܣôܡһ߱ȥ
ɢԹԪƽ۵ҥȻҲͲˡ
ϾҪԹԪƽۣὫҩ׸Ԫƽۣκ
Ԫƽܲ
Ӧ֮һЩʿǶһŷվȥ˵˵ôֻ˲µʱ䣬Ĺġ
˼ջͺ޹˼ɵظԪƽֹ
ֻһյЩߣȴôҲ˵ˡ
û취ǰ÷Ĳ䲻͵Ԫƽ̫ӣڷĻʵ۶ĸˡ
Ȼֻǲԭϵһ䣬㲻һңǵȻҲǻʵۡ
ʵһôȵĸʵ˵бƸء
ȻˣҲǹ𡭡ǧŵ飬ΪǬˣǾ벻ҲаԲʶʱһЩʷ
ˣ
ллϣ
һ뵽ĹոϢȥ֮󣬺ܶǰġΪʵһֱáһֱԸĸ׷ǲʹʾԸ⳼Ǭ飬ǵ˲ͦøֱˡ
ϣʵһλĹ⿿ķľ񡢴šƺҲܲӡ
ʲôʲôǾͺˡ
ҪȻ͢ЩԱʲô
뵽Ҳˡ
ǰ͵¡Ժǻʵˣ¶ˣĻõȥ͵⣿
󲿶ӺƺƵػسˡ
ȻԪƽȻҲֵýһ·Ϸ˴ССȤһһ˵
ȻˣҲΪΪԪƽ۸ǰº˵ģҵʸлڣŶ˵Ļء
ôôõһĻء
ֱصʳǣû˵ꡣ
ڽݺͳҲһϵҲͼ˵ȥˡ
Ǳֻ븩׳Ƴ볹ͶֶûӦʹȥתһȦǶѾʵˡ
ǵĽȥֶӦˣҲǧսòֶǰѹڵĿδĹ˰ȫָˣ⣬ֶ׼פ򣬱ǵİȫȻˣʲôĶǱṩ
ǲԪֶһǨ˹ڣִӹǨ˼ȥԭȹʮϰ꣬ѪףҲϰҵĺӣԭ֮ϣûдǬԪ֮ˡ
ҲΪʲôһǰĹѾͶˣȴһֱϵڲŰʦسҪԭ
˵չݵȻЩֶһ˵ĹֶͣҲǶ˶ƤӣµĶϽǡ
⻰Ԫƽ۵˵úúãͣ͡
˵ţתͷܹ̫ࡣ
ܹ̫״һС̫࣬ŵùһʥּᶽﰲᶽݡּ
⻰ʮȲֹﰲæ˵ϡ
ܹ̫ࣺ˻ʵۣԻŰе£ģᶽﰲᶽݡѫ׿԰𢣬ؽﰲΪΪٰմˣ1
ٰ
ﰲ˼ؾڵϵֶ
һĲһ
ڣλĸˡ
̲ס˵лϣл
û׷лʱ򣬽պԪƽᲢ۵飬еֻ鸴ӵˡ
ĳЩѫɳͶԪƽۣԪƽ۶ǰǾͶЩӣЩݺա
Ϊľǲһܹ֮
Ϊˣ˵ﰲıƭǵʱҲͬǣֻ޲ɼ˶ʮˣʶ̫ӵǵССݡ
û뵽ǣԪƽ׼λա
Ҳû뵽ղǸϲ񣬶ǸĽš
ЩӾԪƽȦˣǱ˵ˣܱסڵٻѾˡ
ΪҲ֪ԪƽۺͷǲŹǵġ
ԭﰲˣȴҡһ䣬˺
⻹ҪģҪǷȻѾǰ϶һµˡԪƽ֮ڻûз̫ӣΪ̫ʵλʱ¹أҪܷ֮Ϊ̫ӣҲ˵ﰲԺȻҲµ۵ĸˣǵٻŸոտʼ
ǵܲ
տɲǸʲô飬Щˡ
һ³ֱʵ壬ЩͼƹĹԱôǣ
ǷС
Щ˺ǿɲһΪǬĽɽ룬ǧټƵҪֹλЩˣܶǾ÷մǵԲףҲҪ
ҷտɲûиǻᡣ
ˣİӵʱֻȥԹһ¶ѣºҲΪ˳ֵİȣûǡ
ǵãűԪ¹عҰΣ鶼вԪƽۡ
֮ǰǣΪûڳڴǬ⻼ѳҪٲһѵǿ졣
Ԫƽֻ˵Ѿ³ˡ
ֵصһˣкйˣֱӰչ٣̲ȫᵽƫԶһĵطȥ١
ڿճĹλ׼ʷǰĴʤӿһζƣѽʿ¼ȡԭʮӵİǲȥƾʱȥЩ
ȥĿƾ٣Ϊ໥ڦ»ľ¼ȡԱ֮һĲ𣬵ʱԪƽΪƽֻ֣⳯ܿ쵶ն飬ֻ¼ȡľϰʿӡ
Ԫƽһֱ飬ϾЩӺʮֻ꣬һžԽˣȴΪʼҵǵ£Ҫ˷ʱ䣬ĵһֱⲻȥ
ֲˡ
Цˣá


237 
ȻԪƽ˵, ζƣ׼ȥԵ١
ʶؾܾˣ֪, Ҷ徭Щһϲͨ, ˻Ե١
Ҫ, йȥϷء
Ͼûˡ
ԪƽֱӴĻûȥ࿼ȥľ߸
Ͼ֮⣬ԡԡͯԵȿԣʵһ㶼ǲľ, Ҳ˵Щ, ¼ȡȫ˵㣬ԿͿ֮Ȼͽһʦϵϵڣ׾ٵؾֲԼ
Բ֪˴ͷƤһλ٣վȻ
ǰյҲԪƽҲûжⷽ˼
ڲһˡ˭ûжļɽһʫ˭֪Ѿǰ϶һλʵۡ
Щʿӱ˵Ƿˣֻ°ͽ᷽ջء
Ԫƽۼ˵Ȼһ, ǧȡϽ׼, ǲʼĶ̰塣
Ȼ, 㽫ҲԽ¶и, ˭ܱ֤ЩǶĹ, һǶʲô˼, ܿ㻹, ǵˣòʱҲһۼ
ڲܰЩѧᣬҪѧʶ˲ţ齨ԼİףƵģϾһֱôԣ
ڴģʮ꣬ûһλء
ˣˮģƺ귢ˮ͢ȴҲһˮǰλˮţϧ׶ǰĹ˵ʲôҲ˱Ҹʮگ飬ܾˣҲױڣֻ˵һʮѣǸԪȵǡ
⼸仰Ԫƽиж
˵£ͺл䣬Ҳ֮ͬС
Ǹ㣬ֻҪ㲻ӣͲʲôӵġ
Щͷ۵ķգ
лһ
Ǿûˡ
˵ͷаɣ
˵ԪƽЦˣãٹ£͸üӹˣʱʰΪ̫ӵگһȥϰǺúø˸ˡ
á
Ҳûоܾ
ϾԪƽ۱Ը
οֻҪ̫֮λţЩӦþͲʲô
Ҫ˵Ļ˵ˣձԪƽڻʹסһڶϲŻȥ
ܹ̫ఴԪƽ۵ķԸ͵˹ſڡ
ˣū澾ˣߡ
ҲʱʲôͻȻͣ˽ŲȻͳҩƿݸܹ̫ࡣ
ƿϤĻƣܹ̫಻ɺһ٣£ǣ
ֻ˵ܹܵȼƺһֱûá
ܹ̫ʶϥǣȻŷӦǲڣվͰҩƿһƿһƿȼҩ
ҩҪʱ䣬ʱַô飬ǰŸոãⲻ͸ùˡ
ܹ̫һܳ£ǡ
Ц˵Ҳ£óܹȾȼֱȼĥôܹܴ꣬˲С˹źá
⻰ܹ̫൱ͼˣ⡢Ӹūĵ
οūëëţ˵µĶȣ´ūҲӦõġ
ǲĸɶӻΪð¡ˣūѾᵽȥˢͰȥˡ
˵֮ǰϧн˾Ĺ̫ڷյֽ̿ŵ顣
ųɣϾҲһƬТġ
ֻ˵οһ弸ʮ꣬ū澣ˡ
ˣĸҲӦõġ
£⣬ūôأ
ܹ̫˲ۿҲøˡ
ƽٹάĻûһȵϷ˵һ䡣
Ϊһū˵Ŀˡ
οջһƿ裬ǿٵҩ
һ̣ڷգֻʣĸм
յЦ˵˻䣬ġ
ˣȻȥˡ
ҩǧǵóԣԺ廹Ҫչء
˵ţ˳ȥ
ŷյıӰܹ̫̲ס̧Ӳ˲۽ˮȻŸл£ūԺһӾľչ˻ϡ
ˣҲûлͷֻ̧УʾԼ֪ˡ
һԵˣ̲ס¶һ˿Ľ顣
ܹ̫ĻԪƽȴһ㶡
˵˵Ĳչ޼ʮ꣬ͺ͹ûʲôˡ
⻰ܹ̫۾ֺˡ
ȻԪƽ۲̲ס˵ô飬ĳˡ
ҪȻҲʶԼ顣
ϣһֱȥҪҵһƬġ
⻰ܹ̫൱˵ĺˣһԽԽõġ
ԪƽҲ̲ס뿪ˣϣɣ
ԪƽȻˡ
ոճţһ糾͵ģһȵ߾ͻȻ˽ǰֱЩ̧ӵĽŷһ
һɲҪǷշӦʱֻѾɳˡ
ʱоĺǳʲôˣΪʲôͻȻ
һϵĿǴǬ
Ҫ
о󵨣͸ðչȥϰȻȴټôΣյ顣
Ҳûа취ʵΪò²ߡ
˵ʹ
ƿһӣסҪǳоȵȡ
ȻֱӴӽ˳˵˼ңʲô£
ؿһۣλԪ
յ˵ͷ
̲סۿܿͻ
ֻص̾һȻ˵ΪʵۺͶƵҩܴүֵˣ
գǵڡ
ȴԹԵ˵ǻʵۺͶѾˣȴǱ˻ûɡ
һ˵ţһ߽ϵİҶֻΪҲˣԱûƺӷģĹǹȣӡ
о״ֻΪǸ̿ͣæ˷ǰʲô
˵ţֱӴǸ澹ȻʮʥּоҲסˡ
ֻ˵ТҺǵǷǲ֣ĳĶʲô𡣡
󽫾ȫһȫΪԪЧ˶ʮ꣬˶ʮĽڣ㹻ˡ
˵̧ͷգֻ˵ǻʵҶʥֻּҪܾȻҶԺǵˡ
ջȻԭԪƽۿеλˮŵĸס
ⲻ
Էôܻܾ
˵̫ģȻ岻ݴǡ
ҩ϶ǲҳԵģ֪ʲôطܷȿһ
Ѿ˵ˣҲ֪ԼѾûзڵĻˣҲܷڣ̾˵ Ҷھͬջסš
ˣֻ˵סڿջƺЩ̫㣬ɣסҸҲܸӵĲʱʱҩ
һ䣬ԭҪܾ˲ְѵߵĻ˻ȥǾͶлˡ
漴оɼ˸̫һˣһӵȥ
оǡ
߾żʿˡ
ص˵ͷ
Ͼ˭᲻ϲء
Ȼת˽
֪չ˸䣬ǰֳһߡ
о
ڶΪɲɳȥķգ
оȷӦ˹ͫһԪˣ
γϵ䵶˭ΪʲôͻȻ
ЩʿҲ漴Ӧ˹ȥΧ
ȴǲŲæţһнľͷӣѵǵĶ𣿡
˵Ҫ
ƿ˳ǣ
һԪ˴磬գĬ˺һȻ˵
յ˵ͷҲҩģ
ߣ
룺ǰɡ
Ͼ궼ʮˣҲ֪ܻ꣬ҪǷյҩܰ꣬Ҳ
 ǰɣ
ŻعҲŻشյ⣬ʵοЩͶ˵Ԫˣ
Ȼԣ˵˵ЦˣĻʲôԪˣеֻҴǬˡ
߳Ĭˡ
Ϊֻһ䣬ԱնԴԪ˵̬ˡ
Ҳ㹻ˡ
˵ЩԪ˲ǬˣϾǬɱôˡ
ҲɱôĴǬˣϰѪô׻ġ
󲻵ȷտڣ˵ҿ԰Ȱǡ
գǣ
ŻصǰԪʡةࡣ
ǰһ
Ϊ֪λ࣬ԭΪλʡةδةศλԪʵöֻ㹻ıγǬγʧˣҲ֮ܰ󣬲űΡ
λʵǸսɣֻΪԪʵöֻգĲԪϽ̶ŻԪʵöֻġ
գ㲻ǸöֻĶȥԶ𣿡
˹
ԭΪԪıһӣԪ𣬴󲿷Ԫ˶Ѿ˴Ǭȷ顣
ֱ˵ȥ壬ɱȥ߹ء
Ժ߹صͷˡ
ôɾ䣬ȴԥˣ̲ס˵Ҿ˵˼仰ˣ
Ͳڲƭ㣬ûȡΣŻ췴
ЦЦԱˣôͲˡ
ҪҲΪ뷨Ѳ¡
ΪȻǾЩԪ϶ǲưոݵģ֪ǬһգЩԪҪǣ³ֻһǾ
Ż¶ģŴǬȥЩԪ
ɲ֪Ϊ֪飬ŻôΣ˵жǲܵġ
쳤̾һػҲ֡
ֱһݣģһʧġ
Ҳûٶ˵ϻֱо˼ӡŰͽȥˡ
Ȼ˽
˲Ҳˣ
ôҲû뵽ǣӸո̧ȥûһɲ
ַɳȥķգ
ˡ
洫Ļһأоڣᳵ·ƿ˽ӡ
ȻͿʮԭΧܹܵתͷس˹
ԭѾˡ
ţЩֱӹ˵ϣΪ׵ļ˸ǿధǽһ̼֣Ѿಡʮ꣬ҽʮӹֻܴҩȼһ
Ҷǰʱ컨ۿžҪֲסˣܴҩҶһˣҽҲʮӹ

ܹСɽһߵһѰһεؿ
ѹλˮŵĸ׻ѡ񵱽ĽӣҪİݼգ֪Ҫŵʲôʱء
ⲢҪ
ùһ˾һƱ
Ƶ˲ǲˣϾȥȱǮѰ

֪ЩԪƽۣ
Ȼǣôأ


238 
ջû뵽軹ô
Ͼ鿨Ŀ, ֻΪκԪƽ۵Ĳӳ
Ȼ軹ôǱ
Խ鲻ͼ򵥶
ֱӶܹ˵ȥ, Щ˰, ˵ҾͲˣҲ, ڴǬ, һƷϵĹԱ, Ҷֱһƿ裬ƷµĹԱ, ֻҪа˳ɵͷõϵȿ, Ҳһƿ衣
Щƽ, Ժ͢ÿ»ųƿ裬۸ߵá
˵, תͷԪƽۣ, ͲٵЩӻˡ
Ͼֻһơ
ЩӦûֵܹٵջġ
Ԫƽۣ
ֹ, ͳŷշųȥЩԺЩԱܲî˾ΪգΪ͢ΪЧ
ʲôЩƽգԺ͢ÿ»ųƿ裬۸ߵã
ԵķЩ̼֡ΪҲ֪ȫ½ǧ, ǳ͢ÿ·ųֻҲ֪, ЩԺԻî˾
ͨϰõóôǮ, ΪǼֵģ˵ңҲЩҲ̼ˡ
ԿԺŵ˵͢ԺӦöΪǮˣΪ±عƵʱһƿ۸Ƕʮһ¾ʮһ߰ٶʮҪ֪Ǭһ˰ҲŲһǧ
൱Ժȫµֶ̼ΪԼΪԼļ׬ǮˣΪ͢Ϊʼ׬Ǯˡ
Ԫƽۣ
˵ǲܵģϾԺⶼȱǮˣ͢һģγǬˣ
Ǽ֮࣬Щ
ΪеĲ̫һ
˵õķջкܳѧϰ·Ҫأ
˶ʮʱ䣬ڳΪһϸľ˷ǿһ͸ʲô裬ѾδĻλˡ
ͺᣡ
뵽Ԫƽ̲ס˻֣߰ɣʱ뿴㡭
Ҫһ
̲סЦˣá
Ȼϴˡ
Ͼ˵˲֪ٱҪȥϷлڵĻˣڶûеϷϡ
ǵϣлյ˷յš
׼ȷ˵лص˺ü죬ϣһηȥ˯žʱ򣬴èԱ֮󣬴ŴСĶӷǶˡ
Ȼֱлǰһɣ~
ԳˣޣӣһСŶ~
лڣ
Ǽһô춼ûидҲˣȻιè
뵽лûĸˡ
ȫȻԼҪͷնϾѹϵľˡ
ֻô룬ǹϴӴèϰһСɺǷȡȻֱӰѴèƵһߡ
è
̲סߵ
Ҳϲèè
⻰лڣ
Ȼǣ֪ΪʲôϲĵȷèˣǹˡȻû
ôţȲȲһСɣųٶȲ
ǣ֣Ե˵У
ϾǰûèҫСжóԣֻθﷸᡭ
һèû˵ǾǷСζȷʵܲ
ݼζζһ߲Ƿš
ŵĿͷǣô׸һСɣǰûΪϲȫСûôóԡ
лڣ
ǰͶιèֻΪʵƷ
뵽лҲ֪ǸĽèǸÿèˣ
һ㣬ĵ׵˲һɨˡ
ȻһһСɣһ߼¿ȥ˵Һ˵£ҵ˶Ѿûмˣڿ϶ĲС
лڣ
tui
Ҫɣ
ֻô룬ȴ¿ȥ˵ҪȥǱߵĵʤ԰μĻᣬ׼ʱҲȥһϲ
лڣ
лڣ
лڣ
⡢⹷ƽʱҲˣھȻֱӾͷչҪʵжˡ
ڸô죿
ƵĻ᣿
УĻֱѧһȵʢᣬʱϵ壬µոѧͯȥμӡ
ΪĻᣬרŸԺļ١
Ļܴ
ҪȥμĻĻƱػϷա
뵽л˶ˣ
ΪȥҲǣȥҲǡ
ǵʧˡ
ڵڶϣֱӾˣΪ˲ٵûֱץһĸͳ˳ȥ
Ļֳ֮ŷ֣ĸΪĻ׼ĸ壬֮ǰշյҪ󣬸дĴ¡
ΪʲôΪĻ׼ĸͷ棬дһֱڹȴд˹
лֱӾͺ⡣
Ϊֱϸ룬ҪȻָԼͽˡ
˵Щʲôã
ҪҪ˻ȥǷĸù
ΪΪĻ׼Ƿĸ壬ǰдõģ׼Ļִģִ岻̫ãֻн
ֻǲڣ˼˵Ȼˡ
ԭѾַǷ԰˲ͺ䶯ˡ
ԴӿȥлҲ֮Уһɽ֮ϡ
վ壬վͬǹһ㱻˴ӵ˽
ͷڣһۣǰڶűƣһɫһֻĿȸ
ⲻҪģҪǡлڻ֪տĶ
˲Ȼ̲סսе£ĵͻȻƪøտĳ嶯
Ȼһ룬Ϳ·ĵѧˢˢشӻóһĸ塣
ѧרΪʫ
ֵһΪдĸ

Ϊ׵һӸǼѵ˵Ǿ䡮ļɽһǾѧΪдġ
лڣ
һһģֺϹ͡
Ƕ໨һʱþ䣬ֶ໨һʱ޸𣬽ڶ죬ļɽһʫѾ˴Сˡ
뵽л̲ס˴ǡ
գ
Ҳû뵽ĵôĶ
ϾǰЩѧӻ޲ýźá
ûпĻΧЩѧвɽԺѧоͰǰλдˡļɽһʫӡ
ɽԺΪ׵ҿԺ
ע⵽յ仯ڳЩѧӻйԱܲ²յ뷨Ǹױݵ֮ǰ̫ˣ¡
Ӹˣļɱ˲ԪĹʵۣҴǬˮ֮УĹҴǬɵĹ˵ȹبδУΪұ
ϾǺʮ꣬ΪĲҹǷǾ
һЩϸ΢ĩڵЩСڣҲ㲻ʲô
ˣ׷˵û
Ͼ˷ʥ޹˵̫ڣ߱ɱȣƸںڶУһʥ
ٿЩ飬Ҳã͵Ҳá̫ڵΪȣ˵ǶСܲΪɡ
˵¡˵ؽЩν˶Ѿǻ֤ݵˡ
ÿÿ뵽Ǿ;ѡ
Ϊ˹Ȼɺޣڼȴ׾ٵر˵ǹʹȻҲòĶȥ
˵ϲ˴֮󡪡֤ݾǷһڽʿ棬ҪлָдһƪĸǾͷ׷óԼĿұ죬дһƪƪյʫʸ踳
һĻ
ڳ֣׷ŵʱ䣬ȴķգ
ʧߣ
ɲڵڰϵϷлڡ


239 
ô, ֻܽӹǷĸ壬һһ
ϾЩѧҲһƬȳܹ
̫óЩ, ʻޣӾܿһƪ²
Ͳס˶డ, ԵȵЩѧӴӵһͤҵ˵µʱ, Ѿһʱ֮ˡ
ۿԽԽʿϢ֮˹, æɫ˵ң㵢ǵ¡
ǿμĻģһֱôһһƿӲ, ƿӻε˷ʱ䡣
ŷӦһʱ, ִĽο¶Ҫˡ
ⲢҪ, ҪǣλƺҲûд˵еǰ
Ű͸㲻, ҪȻҲ˵ôõĻˡ
޵īģԪЩʵ۵һѧ峵, 󻹲Ƕ
뵽ڳһʿӶԷյӡҲױˡ
˵Щһûп, ù, һȥͣǾأ
ġ
Щѧӵ˵
ΪִĽΣǿɲٴĴĽΡ
ȵʣµЩѧӰǵ¶, ǲͬѧȾиˡ
Ҳлλ, λ㡣
ȵЩȫɢ, ղ̲סһ
Ȼֱתͷ˼ɽڵķ
⧲, һֱԼӦóû뿪ǲʹлڵĿֱӾͺͷյײ˸š
лڣ
߻ü
ˡ
ΪѾ߹ˡ
ŷԽԽлڵʱҲظſ̲ס
Ķǣô죬ҪҪܡ
Ȼû⣬һ룬бɲͻȻŮӣΪ׵ŮӴһ£ӯӯյϸе쾡¡
ŷգӯӯת
գ
лڣ
ֱŮ˵ôѾ𣿡
Żع
ŮӿɲҵС㡣
գ
ûˣ
лڣ
ԷողſΪϬΪҵС㡣
˵˵ҲͻҵСˡ鷽ֲûͱ磬ҩſڣҵСϷһ֮󣬻֮Ͱ˻
һֱ飿
⹷λС㶼ˣȻء
˵Ҳǣ⹷ҪΪλСأԼʧƵʱ򣬻ôһ
뵽лҲ֪ǸȷŭǸȺɸˡ
һǿ϶ģǾڲա
뵽Ҳ˲ϻ᲻﷽աԣ˼ֻȫλСϣѹûע⵽ء
лڣ
лڲӶˡ
ģ
ԽԽ
¸
Ϊ˻ȥִĽε顣
뵽߷ߵؽеĸһӣȻֱˡ
գ
ŷӦҪ׷ȥ
λС״ϵ˲ͽסˡ
˵õն֣أ
ż£ͱˣ

ôƯֳ߹ôܻģ
ҩſڵϷ飬Ȼˡ
֮ĴѾߵգΪ⣬Ϊ˲
ʵ֤ûв´Ϣȥֱ֮ھǹŮȦгһµķͷ
û뵽ǣһºǸѧӵͷˣֱδʵ֮λ
ĸףΪ˽ԹЮԪƽۻˣԪƽ֮ûеһʱ䴦ǣΪûץĻİѱ࣬ҪֱӴǣƱֻᶯһʱ䣬ײŵʱȫˡ
Ҳ֪ԪƽۼȻѾɣûҵ֤ݣҲ϶ǲŹǼҵġ
ο֮ǰոˡ
Ǽҵ³ֻҪôһյڴҪôԪƽۿڼʮľ֮ķϣŹһֻȥǵĹپ׻
ǺߣҲܽܡ
Ϊڹٳ˼ʮ꣬ɲΪɨػؼҵġ
Ҫĵһǰȥֱţֺա
ǣҧ˾ձˣҲɶص顣
׽ŽɣջǸһλᣬΪҪܼ޸գҾδĻʵۣȻͲٵĻᱻԪƽۺˣڻһۼΡ
ϾվǸһķȵԪƽһôô
Ϊˣڲлվڷǰ
÷վôˣҪնԹޣ⣬Ϊ˱סΪҲ޸ա
Ϊķͷжʢշ֮󣬾ж˵泰ЦһҪ޸գЩ֪ôһͷ԰ѷԵȻһ֮֮ϵĻʺ֮λʵʵظ¹
뵽ס˷գȻװһŲȿգֱӵ˷ա
ٵ˶תͷ˹
գ
Цˡ
ȻֱԱ
ֻһλСֱˤԱߵˮ
Ѿߣ
Զǵˣ
λСȻҲˣˮƴ
ǴѾŷӦʲô
Ȼſرߣ˵С㣬Сôˣ
˰
ԶǵЩˣӿ˹
ǵ֮󣬷ղŲ˵ˮҲ͵ĴȴԻʲô
Ѿߣ
ˣ
ˮС㣺
ʶֹͣȻվֱ塣
һˮȻֻĴȴ
СϵֱӾͽסˡ
ǴѾȷӦһֽСһ߿ߵղΪʲôסҼС㣬֪ҼСղ೤ʱ𣿡
λСҲڷӦ˹ŷգҧűݣ۽ǻˮ飺֪Ϊҩǰ飬һֱĵԹҡ
ҵʵҲǵѣΪҪǲƲϵǿ϶ǲŹǼҵġ
˵ţĬĬս֡
룬ǸˣֵܵŮӡͱԱΧ۵ЩˣҪǹ˼ŷյݣ˵ǶѾ˵ˡ
οϴˣֳһҲֻ֣ڼԭ򣬲òշֵӣձͶԷտ϶ϵġ
֪һֵ˺һնûлشĻ
ɫ˲ֽӲһ˲
ĴѾ߼״˵ô˵
üͷһ˵ˣ
Ȼ󲻵˵ͼ˵Ϊǻ˵ϺһأϾЩϷģһһ͵ģܳһʱأ
ʲô
СʹѾߵ鳹׽סˡ
ֻ˵Ҫ飬ͰЩˣ
С㣬ʲôöʱˣصģ
⻰ڳ˶Լͬ䡣
Ѿʶ˵Ҫ㲻ϲǼС㣬ΪʲôҪ׷ǼС㲻ţǴҩſڵ˵
ֱӴĻʱڸ裬˵ʱΪʲôҩſڣ
ۣ
䣬һԵļλŮ̲סЦ
ΪյĻ˵Ѿˣʱ֮ԳҩſڣֻΪҩѣĴѾ߿ڿ˵ģΪ˾塣
֮ǰڵһıɱô죿
ͷβ飬ԵݵһϷ
Цˣ
ȴû˼ƽʧ飬ΪЩСЩһ֮ҲЦˡ
Ҫǻ²Сʲô⣬ҲͲôˡ
СĴѾѾˡ
ΪܷյǲϲǶֻڱһ鴫ȥ϶Ǳסˡ
ˣףһŹġ
뵽ֻǰһڣ㲻ôңôҡ
˵ţ־Ҫȥץա
ջûü㿪ΪһŲղŴˮһˮݣȻһˤˮ

ڳ̲סЦ
ռ״һ˦䣬ֱԽǣ˼ɽ
ɽﻹлڵӰ
ʧ֮࣬һ۾Ϳ˵ϵһĸ塣
ǾĸһϤּüͷͻȻ


240 
˵

ˡ

ҪǷ˽, лڶ֪ԭô˵Ĵʡ
ЩҪҪǣˣˡ
ڴ, ñԴлڣ̲סƿӣְѷһ顣
˵

ˡ

֮лȴȫûзйĸо, , Ŀڷˡ
ͺί
ƾʲô
Ǹ, ߿߿
뵽Ǹ˵ҵС㻨ǰ£ĥ, Լȴֻ, л̲סһȭ˱ϡ
ȵȡ
лذԴӱ˳


ΪʲôҪ
Ϊղϲˣ
лڣ
л
ղϲˣʲôϵ
ֲϲա

յ
Ծ
ͺܲԾ
ܲϲϷ˰ɣ
лڣ
лڶʱͻˡ
Ҳʱ, ˴Ĵèˡ
лǰһֱӽסס
һ֯ԣ, , 𣿡
èֱͣ˽Ų붼û룺
ͦİ
л˲һ
ˡ
ûϲϷա
ΪʲôյһΪԷպɸֵԵʣϾտǴǬδĻʵۣδӣȻôλС㶼ˣݹȥ
һû
һ, è˵, 
ǰһ, ûյյŵʱͷյ֮һһɵЦˣôˣΪʲô֣
лһɣ֣ʲô֣
è۾ʱɵñ󣺡
ǲ̸
л˶ɵˣʲôʱں̸ˣ
èҲɵˣ
㲻ں̸㻹ÿͨţСɣ
èô
һ룬Ŀһ˿ģ·˵У
л¡Сڣ
ʲôûôͳˣ
ԡ
ʲôʱͷ̸ˣ
޲öԷվԶ֮ղŻΪдøտš
뵽лͷըˡ
ҲʱͻȻ͵үһλ˵ͬţ
ͬţ
лڲɡ
ͣǡ
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ΪʲôҪ˵Ļ
ڿ߷պӳǽ
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ԣɲһ֪ԷλС㲻ʲôöƤشȥ֪ղʲôö£ôϲϷգ
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лڣ
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лڣ
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лڣ
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лڣ
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ţ
лǰһô˵
ЦʢԲ֪𣿡
лڣ
Լ˷յĻֺû
ԼеڸͰͣôԣ
һֱӰȻԱߵһţôԣ
лڣ
һˣվȻɵذ
ȻŷӦžС
ΪӦˣҲΪ룬Ҫ뵽һ飬⹷ġ
ǿӶ˵˵ĻʲôŶأֻڷյı˼ۡ
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ȵѹʱѾǵڶˡ
лŴӱ˳Ŀֺͷϵĳݺϣˡ
ôҲû뵽֮սϺɨǧ̵Ĳһǰ
Ҳ͹Լս
ҪȻûˡ
뵽лڵĽֺͷҲźˡ
̲סֻ췢һС
Ϊղڣһ㶼κˡ
ǣԽԽԾԽԽԾ
ôǹŽѵӽˣ
ŷջ

л˶ɵˡ
ֵĻǣɵֻü仰ܰƭSC


241 
뵽, лڵΣ˷ա
ԺĻзյӰ
ԷǼԼ, ƨɾˣ
ûģлԺֻʣһ仰
ϾҪнڲٵĻڴ֮ǰͲ᳣¥˹ݣͿƾ׵鶼óˡ
лڣ
ԽԽûв´
ΪʲôͨýƸƸΪܣӵֶƭƭ
лڵ˲һһĺò֡
ԡ
ҲͨýƸƸΪܣΪδ̫ӣǬһλʵ, ôܹظҶ, ʮа˾ŻȢӡ
뵽лֻǰһ, Ҳˡ
Ϊܷûƭ³ƺֻһ
ҲʱͻȻִ͵ү, ˵ǻ빬
⻰û, лĵһͻ

ʱصʱ֮ǰ
ǼսûȥϳԪƽרŽ˸С̫
˷ղŲòʱ
ֻſʱлڶûѣ뿪ʱҲûרų, 
û뵽ǣԪƽרŰ, ΪΪ˸ѡ
ԪƽЦеذܹ̫ݸȲתֵݸ˷գ, ƫƫͰҪˡ
Ͼܲ˵Ϊǰ, ЩԹ󶼻, ԶԼŮ޽ӣôûиҵһӰɡ
ڲһˣڷѾǰ϶ĴǬһλʵˣ˭ͽ
ҪȻǸνҵС컯֮¶˵
ԪƽۿҲķջδˣ˼ȥջǾȰ﷽ն¼ʵѡ
ҪٶȹĻ˵ܸڷռڵѻҲһˡ
ʱɾϲˡ
Ԫƽ۵˵ڿǵŮӣ
պȲĶһ٣룬ְĲˣȻԪƽۣɫ˵ȷʵѾǵĶˡ
ţ
ԪƽҲôһʣû뵽ջѾǵŮˡ
Ҳ˲ϺȲˣҲеĲŵϣ˵ļҵС㣿
գС㡣
ʲô
ԪƽĵͻȻֲõԤС
Ȼһ룬˵Ǹˡ
ԪƽϵֱӾͽסˣ˵ʲô˵һ飿
գ˵ǵĶǸˡ
ԵĻֶһһһ˫ˣͷš
Ԫƽ۵ɫױˣ֪˵ʲô𣿡
Ȼ󲻵ȷջػֱվôȾĻëǵǰֻǺŮɫѡ
Ǹ˭Ǹ˭ǲˣ
Ҳûлڡ
˭
Ԫƽ̧Ժ׫ȥ״Ԫлڣ
յ˵ͷ
ԪƽֻǰһڣΪлڿ͵ߵġ
ı⣬лںúõظա
յġ
ԪƽزӶˣعͷܹ̫󺰵ȥлڸץץ
ǡ
ŭӣܹ̫æһԵһ̫ʹ˸ɫ̫ˣȥ
ڷҪסѾˡ
ֻܻͷԪƽۣϣ壬侲һ㡣
Ԫƽֻ˵ô侲
ͻȻϲɫҲˣ㻹һһ˫ˣ
ҪǴȥ㲻Ҫ㲻Ҫ𣿡
ԽԽŭȻ̲סվô룬ԵңԵȥĸĸ𣿡
ǲˣ㸸ĸɾֻʣôһˣǶӾ𣿡
գôͶӾأ
˵ǲˣӣʮء
Ԫƽۣ
һȻŷӦһ𣿡
֣µôһҵΪʲôܰﵱ
ôŮ̼ܹ̼˵㲻Ҹĸ𣿡
ôܲ룿
Ԫƽʶ˳Щ˵ǼСǸʲôֲǲ֪˵ʲôö
գ
ܹ̫ࣺ
գʲôǺӶ࣬һĳأ
һ򲽽ڵĺӶǾǼˣڱڸҲû
˵ˣûǣǻмλý𣿡
Ԫƽۣе
ܹ̫ࣺ
һʱ֮侹֪ͬЩӣǸǸеˡΪ֤ٻЩôġ
ȻԪƽ۲ŷӦ⣬һ𣿡
գôһѵڻұȲϼλøý𣿡
ԪƽֱӾҭסˡ
ֱʹɱﵣʵ鶼ֶĴֶлּɫȣлֱǲӦģֶʹһЩֶΣû취ֻôֶ
Ԫƽۣ
˭ûأ
˲ԲһǿȡᣬǿϷ롣
Ҫǣô˵лƽ˻ӣ
ΪлɵȥʱлٰƴǹûӦǰ˹ȥ
뵱ʱлھѾ˷նͼı죬ԲŻ֮ҪֻΪԶ뷽ա
ΪЩŸ˷նлֵĻ᣿
Ԫƽۣ
ҲΪˣûлɷ˵ѡ
Ͼ˭ֵܵ˴֮ջأ
뵽Ԫƽ˶ˡ
ҪһĻʵֻۣὫ̵лջˮϣὫԼͲסԪƽǸʵ۰벻ھζС
ھεʱ
ֶӣʶ̫ӺТ̫ΨһĶӶˡ
ֶӣȹŮʹǬֶӣֻ֣ܶŸ˵ա
ԪƽԽԽƫƫǾϻҲܶԷնֻ֣ӣǵҲźǲǣ
˵뵽ʲôͻȻ·һҪʹȥ
ռˣֻ˵壬̫ҽ˵ǿ׳ǵͷһǰһֱιȥˡ
Ԫƽۣ
岻һƭĻļƻȻô÷ֱӽҴˡ
Ϊ춪ˣ
Ԫƽ˲߳ŭָ⣺ҹڲ㡭
յվ񣺡ֶȻȥˡ
˵һЦˣĻԺֶӦû᳣סлּҪȥҲңֱȥлҾˡ
˵꣬ת˳ȥ
Ԫƽۣ
ԪƽץֱߵĲ˳ȥ
ֻǵȵ䵽ϵʱ򣬷յӰѾʧ˴ſڡ
ŵĲƬֿ˿տյĵţãԪƽص̾һ
Ǻã

һߣл̲סս˫ȭ
Ϊ㯵ĽΪԪƽͻȻټ顣
ƽʱڼǶıΪʲôһΣûõ£ͻ˳ȥ˷յȦ
Ժô죿
ڸô졪
ֱԪƽڹͻȻټֻ²ʲô¡
ѵ֪ͷյ飿
лһס
ΪҲ֪Ԫƽۿ϶ȻյңղΪ飬ὫеȫƵϡ
³֪
뵽лڲЦű˫ۣҲŽһҡ
֪ʱ򣬽ͻȻͣˡ
ǰ̫Ӵү
ү֣лʶ˫ۡ
գ߿л֣
̫ࣺ˼ңģūһ·Ͽһֶûж
գǾȻȥɣл£Ƕҵš
̫ࣺ⡭Уū澾үġ
ţʹһŲԽԽлڵҲ
һ룬ƿֱӼ˽
лʶԱǽӾô󣬾лԱҲǼ˵ġ
ռ״԰лڱԼȥȻлڷԼϡ
лֻһʧأȵӦʱѾڷմˣҲʶ§סĲӡ
æɿ§סղӵ֣յʲô
ȴֻĳɻ
лڣ
л࣬죬ſҡ
ռ״ֻ˵֣Ľηء
лڹȻʱֹͣϾƤûзյƤô
ȻŷӦǴأաô͸Ľӣ
Ͳ±˿
ǻȢһλŵԵӣ
յЦ˵þˣȢ޵Ļô޸ˣ
ţ
л̲סɴ˫ۡ
ôܲµʲô
ⲢҪ
лŷӦ˲ֱ˵ʲô
ҲѾǵһˡ
һֱӾͰлˣ㣬㡭
̲סǣһӣԺdiao鶼ˡ
лڣ
diao飿
һܣôΣ
ѾǵԪƽˣ
лڵĺ˲ͱü㡭ϡ
΢Ц˵ûͬ⣬ģһ˵ġ
䣡
һ˲䣬һѤõ̻͵лڵԺ۾ſ·綼
ԷղŪ
ԷҲû

лڵţȴʲôҲ˵
Ϊ̫˷ܡ
Ҳ˵ղĵЩʵˡ
лڣ
üͷһôˣ
лֱӰ˷ջֻ˵ûûʲô
Ųô߷ա
ⲻ֪Ͳµ룬֮ûƣǲƻĳˡ
лڷĶ⣬ֻǰ°лͷһţЦ˵š
ҡҡλεֻһأлڵһȴǰδеȣȵ÷̣ȷӻ̡
̲ס͵͵˷գĻ˲䡣
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242 
֮ͺܼˡ
λҵСȥ֮͡šˡ
λ൹ǷѾ˼Ҫֺ÷, Ƿոᡣ
ºԪƽ۾˸ڰؽ˴¶֪ԪƽҪʰ, ҵĽѵǰ, Ȼû˸Ұ, ԺܿͲᵳӪ˽ܻ¸ͼı顣
ûãͱϵпڿԴļҾҲȫˡ
º󣬶ƷŰ񣬷ռڡ
ԪƽΪ¡صļӹͽ̫ӵĵ
Щʵʵʹ, һ
ʢҰ⼸ϲ
ȻˣԪƽҲûзѷհ뷨
ʼﰵظսܴҹ, ־ôƺЩԲסл, ýĶֶһлڡ
ҪΪлƽԪƽ۵ʱ򣬶Ĳ, ϾԪƽ۵ĴɩΪǶӾ, ȴ׬һʮТϹ
⸱䵽ͬ鲻ѵԪƽ۵۾ͳл踺أҶĻԹ޵ı֡
ԪƽҲ˼ѻͷȥ
Էô죿
û, ͢յ˺ϵˮŵ, ˵ǺϺȻûг£ӵڶûε, Һ⼸޽Щ̰Ȼ, ඼ʯ䡣
ƺذˮԶȥ, һٷˮ롣
Ŀ⳯͢µκӾѣصĹԱ̰ɡ
ԵصĹԱΪ˷ֹеĹϣǧټƵ谭ˮںϵĴǴ粽С
ԷֱӾȥϸŵ³Ϊɣлҹ뿪˾ǡ
һ뿪ǵģжΡ
Ѿˡ
ŷȥ档
˭֪˺֮󣬿Щ̰ĳֿһһѩһƶգԭѾعƽ˲һ·Ŀ
ȻȻȻظ̤Ϊԩ֮·
¾ûв͸ǽοлٽзôϺȵڣ󣬾ڷհѺµĹԱ˸飬صǵʱǬѾ֪л֮ˡ
ǶѾˡ
ʣݰ
ԸһϲߺϧӾİ࣬ǵһۡ
ճһȵǣ
үΪʲôۣ

ܿ죬Ǿ侲
ΪҲ뵽Ԫƽ뵽Щ顣
ΪһˣöҪˣ˵ֻܴϥ¹̶ȥ̳лλ
ӦⶼǱӦ
ҵϻʵۣҵĶܵϻʵҲһ
ʱһҪҵĶӷϵյĻʵ֮λų

Ԫƽô죬һƲɣֻʩһơ
׼ŷȥѲӱ߾ʱ򣬰лŵƹȥ٣ǵطƫԶһҪʱ䡣
룬Ѱķޣزϵ͵ˣһ㣬ֱӰǷֿʮ꣬·ղлڸ
û죬͵õϢ˵հ̫ӽӡһӣҹǽȥ׷лȥˡ
Ԫƽû취ֻܸϽȥлںͷ׷
ϾֻɢպлڣûѷҲߡ
١
룬лȥƹ󣬷տ׷ȥҪֱӰлͳջô׷
ֻôҲû뵽վĻ׳һÿձŷհлߣŷվͰ׷˻ҲһΣߴΡ
֪ԭлڸе踺أͺͷչɼˣ֮ÿһζ׷Ϊܵ·֮תĴèϢ˷ա
˭뵽أӣ׷ѷɵϷȻԵݣ
Ѿʮ֮ˡ
Ԫƽ۰ٹٶѾˣϾҪܰͰˡ
ֻһ顣
Ԫƽۣʮǰ̫ҽô˵ţ
˵׳İҲʧˣٻʮ궼⡣
ⶼȥʮˣôһٻʮأ
һ˵ţһԼڵͷ
⻰ﰲλϽҲЦ˵˭ء
һϣˣǱ곤ʮء
ʮȥˣѾѾϽˡϽǴǬ߼ְλΪǳפر߹أػǬΣΪȥ꣬Ԫƽ۸Ϳ๦ߣһŵľλ˹
֮ΪԪƽ۵İʮ١
û˻ԼĻʱ䳤
ǰǶһˣҪÿ첻ȥֵ
ʲôʱǸͷ
˵࣬ҲǳǺԱ֮һ
Ҳ̲סԼ׵ͷ
ΪͱλϽҪһЩҪһٴˡ
ڻλš
֮ȥյĽӣֻΪòԪ񶼹ϰҵ
ܷ͵Ĳ鿨ֻΪ˱ԼûЩ;
һʮ꣬ӲʹѲܶٵࡢµİҲӲԪ񣬵ɹˡˡˣٵµĴǬˡ
ĴǬ˿ڷհҵҹջ·ʰţֵܣ˵ʮ֮һĹ͡
Խʷ鹤ʣֻ˵һ࣬˵Ԫıߣռū
Ѿ
ֻǹٻؼźá
ŵҲ˵Ӷˣһڹλš
ƺ£Ѿʮûзˮˣ뽫Ҳͬ춼ߵӺ޽յ̵նһǧš
ҲѾˡ
ġ
Ҳ˵̫ﶼĸˣһ̫̫ʦ
ȻΣʣ¶ӻˣ˵Ҳ̫ãҲ˶ˡ
̫ܹܣЩڱʵˣΪ֪ûп̫ܵˣϾ˭֪Ϻ̫һʱֻ»ˣԼȥϣеǻϡ
ȻˣεĻ̫ܹܵĻû˵ھˡ
귽ǸϢȥʱ򣬳Ұ⼸һƬȻ
˶÷ΪһˣȢҲˣöҪˣֱǴ治Ѱ·
ΪҲ֪ղãֻܹӵü̳нɽ
ӿǺ޲ý̻˲źã֪ǵĶҪǵ˻ʵۣôա
ȻҲôģԵǻϴֳ˲۶ӡ
˭뵽أӵСӵ˴̫֮ûãӾߥϽԣųϲӦȥɧŶͼǶͬһ㣬Ȱ˵ȥ飬ҲӦ
ʱΪѧϰϰļɵԵʣƽߵıȽϽ
̫ﱻܾ֮󣬾ڸд飬ظΪߵôΪ˹Ρ
ڶ죬￪ˡ
Ҫ֪ˣҪɷҲ쾭飬ǲظˣ
οαûʲôαҲҵģûʲôӣϢ֮󣬾ֱȥſڴһöͻʼɨء
ϢãԪƽ۷Ӧ̫ӵּѴ̫ˡ
Ƕ̫û̫֮λͱĻٱ˵̫ڸ飬ȥģεܵſڴһ£ҲģһУΪ˰⵹̫
Ƕ̫Ҳ̫ӷˡ
̫ﵹǱǰλһЩ̡֪
ͲסԪƽһ㶼ûȥ˼̸껹ԣ̸ʮҲǲУ˶ʮ껹ͷ˭̵ס
λ̫ʵ̲סˣĸĻӵ£췴ˡ
ʱ֮󣬾ͱ̫Ӵѹˡ
λ̫ôˡ
Ȼ̫ǰλҪ𡭡ȵʮ̫֮󣬳ˡ
ҪǣǶúúõģȴѾĸˣҶĿ֣Ȼǵģ
˵Ҳǣͬ˲裬Щ˵ڶúúõģЩ˼ʮĻȴһһˣôܸء
⻹ڷղûڸǵĲﶯֽŵ¡ϾǶԪƽ۵ĶӣԪƽ۵ķϣղܲǡ
նÿһ·ݵʱͰһĲȫãӳԵҩԼȥģ˳ҩ󶼻ָ˾ֻǳ֮һöûС
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˵֮˵ô࣬ԸֻһǾܾλˡ
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Ц߽ģ壬λϴˣǶڰҸոոĲͻǱһ汾ĳɱ½ɣЧٺһɡ
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Ԫƽ۵ֻǰһڡ
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Ԫƽæס˷Ҫҩƿ֣Ҳ̲סˣţӶˣȺ϶ȴڳţ֪˶˵Ͻ֮·˵Ժ᲻̰ȨĽ»϶֮ͽ
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Ԫƽ۱ƵģΥĵĻ˵ˡ
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ҪЩ̫֪ˣ²ǵۺ
뵽Ҳ֪ǸøпǴǬʼҵֶТǸøпǴǬʼҵġֶТ
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ۿԪƽ۰ϴ˵ŭˣΪĬһ£Ȼϵ͵͵ˡ
ȻˣĳûԺÿ궼ôξ͸ˡ


243 
, Ԫƽڻʵ۵λʮꡣ
ʮĻӡŵ¡ࡢࡢﰲΡȺȥˡ
ʮԪƽҧ˷յ˵ֻȺ۶൱ʮʵ۵Ļ, ˵ʲôҲټˡ
û취, Ԫƽ۵͵ȷѾһˣҲûмˣŴԪƽӹ˻λ
Ȼڶ죬һʥּѻλԭ̫, ̫˳Ѳҩ̸֮, ʹлԪƽ֮ǰ, 뿪˾ǣȥϱ߱ܶȥˡ
˵ԭ÷պúóζεԪƽϢ֮, ޺ӵһֱӾͰ°ϵĺһ롭
ǵֳ˼ɹһ졣
ʱ, ǬѾǷٲʢ
, ԪƽҲ, 緽Ը, λʮ꣬һһʮ, ʷλʱĻʵ, Ҳмصˡ
Ԫƽʮ꣬ǱΪһ˾Ѿȫ˳˳á
ŴǬ, ͼ, ƽյԽԽ, 볯ĹԱԪƽۺͷյĸЩȻȻͬ, ǾգԪƽۣԴǬнյĻͻʢĵĽ
ԪƽۼݱϢȥʱ壬ͷؤʹޣҰһͬΪԪƽֺţڻʵۡ
Ϊˣɡ
ΪעؽڼϢλʮֻ꣬˹һα꣬˺ʮ֮꣬ʹôǬչ˰ҵ

ΪҸ嵨һգɩ£Ϥֶӳɲġ
ΪڹΣ֮ʣȻȡ壬ֻΪΪաΪȡһЩʱ䡣

ԪƽջʵԸ
ûãԾѾԼҲл뿪硣
ЩǱΪˣΪԪƽֻΪ׵һˣʣµĴֻǱٺͰչ٣Ǻǵĺ඼˷뿪֮
ʮȥˣ;֪ʹǰǣͷʼҲڼ֮󣬳׺˻ʼңֻԪƽۺͷջŵʱǲҷȵԪƽۺͷնˣȻҲûʲôµˡǻµģϾֻһȺ޴滻˸ʵۣҪʰҲ׾ٵ顣
ǸģҲ͵͵׫һЩʼҵҰʷɢȥ
Ԫƽ֮ԶԷôãʵΪ֮ģТ̫ȴְá
ֱǸ˾ɷӣҲǸ̰ĽȨαӣѹɼ飬ֻΪεԭǸӶʨ̰۵֤βŲҽغͶߵһ𣬶ûټ޾õ֤ݡ
Ƕ׫ĿɲǷպлڵ顣
ΪǿҶ䱾ͼΪղᵽΪ˲ϧӾȲҲТ治֮£õյ
ǼţһǬֻΪܹյĶݣϾڻҵȨƣԲŲзպлڣǵȵһǬ˶ˣȵǬˣ֮˿д顢֮󣬿϶зյΪʱ·ղų
ǵд£ֱӳһɫжڹԺ࿼ൽһ룬컯֮¾ͻȻɫģȻֱӰͬΪٵлѹǽϣǰڼµĿ٣ǽǿ
ֱлڵݷʱлڴղûеһʱɿлڣһ߷´ʣһ߱лڽλ˽ȻлڻѳԼˣһ߽һ߽׵꺮ů
ҪǣǶǱʫ֮ˣԶ֮ͨϣ֪Щϸ֮жɫ㡣
Щһųȥ˳ĺ䶯
ȻǾͱץˣȻǾͶ˲пڣˡ
֪ôдˣΪʱ
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ǶʱͶ˷
ȻظģͶ̥ת϶Ҳˡ
ԾǬʵ۰ɱôʮһú
֪һ룬׵й˵֮ˣ֮ʱ̰ˣ컬࣬磬ȴʮ꣬УʮС
ЩϵֱӾͽסˡ
˼ֱǯס˵ͷ£һֱӰ£קȵͷ֮紵˵ͷֻ³Ȼظ֮ǰĲ裬ֱΪֹ
Ա˵ʲôʮһúˣܲܰʮ궼Ǹδ֪
뵽ЩĪǰһڡ
һ˵ԩԩ
ྲ
йһľľŭ˵
εѹ˲佫ѹ˵ϡ
Ȼйٲбһ˵ԩԩԼû𣿡
Щ̧ͷֱҭסˡ
Ǹˡ
Ǿ仰˵ʲôѾˡ
ҲΪˣǶԷպԪƽ۵ĺַֹ
ҪǷգҪԪƽۣҲ䵽³
ҺЩҰʷѾ˳ȥԪƽۺͷյǱǻˡ
뵽̲סֵЦ˳
йټ״ҲЦˣȻֱ̧һ澵ӡ
Щܿסˡ
Ϊֱӷ˺ľ󡭡
ͬԤϵ󣬳͢ȻҪЩҰʷЩ˳ȥպԪƽ۵ҲȷܵһЩӰ졣
󣬴ǬҲ˾ͷλĸʵۣһոռλ׹һȻλͱƶʵг趾ˣһ˼Ļ֮ͻȻȤˡ
λĸɱ˳ֵĶ
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Ƚļӳ£ܿ칥ռ˾ǣǬ֮
Щ̲סһá
û뵽ģ³ҵͳǸԣڴ
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ǿԻ䣬Ի䣬ƽԻ䡣
εĶʮ꣬ǽԪƽۺͷյֺŷֱĳʥ档
óԻʥԻʥԻʥ
ΪãǬǰĻԻͣ˵ʵۺЩͳҹ£ڷιĹͣûзƽĹ֮ңס˴ǬɽʵۺЩͳͲдչֵĻᡣ
οһͳܶɶǷһַģһ࣬书պյ
лʱҲΪճʹ̰ĹԱס
÷վǴ˵еǰ³ç֮ˣĴޡ
Ȼݲ˱ʥ棬Щ˾ȫӵԼĶְ졪һĹʥǰСİھССļƷ
Щǰˡ
Ȼģ㡢չȻôҶ䣬ϧӾҲʵⲻ֪Т޺Ϊ󣬲Щ룬տ϶ǻ᲻ġ
˵ţһת
ĳѧһŮ
һŮѧ̲סſαԴһڿǬʷ
Сѧѧһ飬ѧһ飬ѧһ飬ѧȻҪѧ
ԱߵˣҲ̲ס˵ģ̿ϵҶܱˡ
Ǭҹʷһ⽨ҲʷΨһһΪ̫ǿʢĳ춨ҹһǧƽĻ
ֻϧˣĩʵʱ򣬾Ȼȵ۴ĲҩŪˡ
ҪȻҹƽָѾưˣЩĽȥɡ
ɱҹ˾ʮţӳٵʮˣƽҪ浽һ٣ʮ𣿡

Ӧòôʥɣ
˭֪أ
ҩҲǺ£ҪȻҽڼʮǰҽʱ򣬾ͱŶվˣαѧˣôܻڸоĴѧƴоҩҽҪѲ踴Ƴʢ״
һѵ˵һ˵һʥʵۺлֵľ㰡
⻰ԭ̱ϵ˲֧ˡ
˭˵أɽˣΪ˺ͶԷͷϣöܲҪǸͬһߺ˹һһȢӵǼֱʱеļȷ氡
л֣Ϊʥдһƪ£ȴȻԴԺʱеºʫʶǿʥģŵʱһ£ÿʥдһʫһ˰дЩʫȥŰѵһʥ洵
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̫ˡ
̫ˣ
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ſαŮ붼û룬ֱ˵һ̽ãϰʱӢ˼ֱҪ̫˧ʮٱ鶼ᷳʥʵۺлֵЩӾʲôÿģܵĶҲ˸죬ǻҪԼȥ١
ˣĿ⵱ͱˡ


ҪȻ㻹뿴ʲô
ŮŷӦ¶ʲô
֧ܿȿȣǳˣĹʣǺ𣿡
Ҳǡ
ڳlspҲˡ
ԵӾܿʲôȥĳվʥʵۺлֵͬıˡ
ĳվ̫ˣԶ壬ҪȻҪȥǡ
ſαŮ
Щѱˡ
ԡǡʲô
Щѵ˵ǡ㶼֪
һС֮ǬӻԽ֣֮רΪʥʵۺлԣרΪЩŮС˵
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ţⷽ棬˶ǿţ
һʱ֮䣬Ȼ֪ЩˣǸԼ
ЩֱӾ̱˵ϣ˶ɵˡ
˭뵽أҶ˲ܵ飬˺Ȼ˳ˣ
зΪлöҪ˵飬ҲƷѵıˣ
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ĪڻԽˡ
һġڵˣȻ֮˸ˡС֮ıǩ
뵽Խǰһڡ


244 ңǬʥ棬Ǯ
Ȼ, ֮Ĵ飬վͲö֪ˡ
֮˵Ǵ飬Ϊ֮ʵһ, ֻǬѾٶˡ
ЩҪҪǡ
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ǸʱѾʮˡ
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ٴѹŲûȲı, һпҲõͷӡ
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ûãȥͷ·ϣͬļʮһ𱻾һؾֱʧȥѶ
ںӹȻ츳μҵͶˡ
ʮ꣬ˣŲˣΪ˾μүսˣûãˡ
һֱӾͳμүĶˣμҽȥμ
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һļ壬԰ڼƣүӸǴӸͳλġ
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Բ˵ðСʱиĸţʳǣ˼صſţʲôùܣ˶ֱ֮ӱһؾ
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˵Щү̫̫̲ס¶һ˿Ľ顣
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˵ʲôһ̫̫ͻȻʵôͻȻסҽԺˣ
֪ǿҽҲǸŮȦ֪ҽԺģⲻţô˵ǰھӣҲһס˼ʮ꣬Ҳûʲô£͹ඡ
Ҳǰ

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˭뵽վȻѾأ
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ϾǱǺģŪġ
ҲǣûסԼ졭ȻҪΪϷЩɡͺף
Ƕϰʮˣʲô˵ĳûмǵϵΣЦΧȥͷ·ղʲô鶼ûзһ
ôˣ
õ𣿡

ŻعҲöˡ
ΪҲ֪¶ȫֵͷϣһѾĶҲԭ
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Ǭĵ129ꡢĵ80꣬һž޴ʯͻϮ򣬵µԭйͬʱϵͻȻʼ񻰴˵е֣ʬꡢѪ顢˵ȵҲ׷ڵ⹥ռУɱࡣ
һΣصʱһڶˡ
ֱʮ󣬿ѧͨйŴһЩżԼӲʱֵһЩؾҵؼʦ˳ȥ˽ķ򣬲˺ЩֶԿ
ѧҽⳡޱΪգһ궨ΪԪꡣ
ǲ˶ִܽʮܾ츳ʦ츳˲ǧ֮һ
ֱ죬඼ջرЩռĴغͳУֻǿάס״
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ٿһȺүֱ̫̫סˡ
Щү̫̫Ҳסˣǡ
յָŮˣЩү̫̫˵ֶŮ
ȻתͷЩҵһЩѣүү
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ֻЩү̫̫Щ档
ղǼĶ𣬶һǼ֣ĶֶŮ
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ڶûأҲûǣõģרһˡ
Ҳæ˵ǳȥ
Ⱥү̫̫ãá
ﻹǰ˳ȥ
ٿյʱ۾ֱӺˣ壬Բ㣡
գ
ʵϣǰסԺ黹͹ֲͷȥ
ҲȷǰֶŮǰûһѪԵϵ
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ʮ꣬μȻӦóеΡ
ǰᵽμ֮󣬾סڡ
Ҳ֪ǰֶŮػôΪ¿ֻ꣬ΪԼ࣬ϸͬյֶŮա
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뵽ǰĿӣ΢̹һЩ
ֱ˵¿ɹֲͷϡ
ȴôãŭһ顣
ۿ˲͸ˣôҲû뵽񺲾Ȼˡ
Ҳˣ׵ľ˵ĸװȻҲµȥ֡
֮ûЩү̫̫һ̸ʱ򣬶ձĲѣΪո֪ˣؾеʮһֱѰҳİ취ò׳ˣȴȫˡ
յݼһδСɲ
һֱΪǸˣû뵽ʵ޶硣
߷˵
֪ʱһ
ͷʶԴһ
˴һͦװʼչŵЦүӣǵү飬ү;ү̽ģ

գ
ͻȻᵽղȺү̫̫ˡ


245 
ȷӦ˹, ɫ˲ͱѿǹ̽壿ΪʲôԹ
Ҫ֪ձ͵ҽԺʱ򣬿ûˣҪҽ, Ҳһֱڷͬǩ֣һˡ
ô飬μҾȻֻһ
治ɫү;үȽæʵǳ鲻Ǽ¡
ⲻѾûʲô𣿡
˵ֱ꣬ó֧Ʊ, Ÿ, һŸС, £Ǿүүˡ
һ֧Ʊ鷴ѿˡ
ŭ˵ʲô˼Ǯǣ
ˣѵյֵ
Ҫ֪յĶӿΪ˾үģ
ЮͼղμҵĶˣֻǸͨ, ҲһԲϾͰѽ
Ҳһ¡
û뵽񺲸Ӷֻɫˡ
뵽ʲôĬĬشֻ
ֻ˵, ү;ү˼
ҲûĽͣΪĸĹȱʮ, Ͳµ˲˵ʲô, ﶼ׷Źġ
һʼĿͲ, ա
Ͼ˭֪϶̰ƺɫֻҪǮˣ׵趼ϣͷ
ֻҪ϶ͷȥ˵Ҳǳ顣
뵽ֱӿ˷գأ
ܲ²룬ֱЦˣȻʵȻأμҴô񺲣
ֱӾסˡ
տ˵񺲿ǲҴˣϣʩ߾ǮҲҪ׷ʩߵεģڷѾȫˣҲΥΪοҼǵμѵĹ涨ģﲻˣʮϳš
˵μ֮ԻĹأΪμҵλŮǿüñӡ
˵μڴô񺲣
ŷӦ
Щȡ
Ϊֲɵôյ˼
ղǼǮۿȻܾô׵
ҲֻЩȡ
ΪɲոҺμԡ
Ϊʲô˵Ļ
Ǿү֮ǰ̫ݣӴ˰ɣ
ҲЦˣѷյү;үѾܿˣϾүѾμҰ϶ļ̳ˣΪ룬Ϊμҵ룬ĳſ϶Ҫѹȥģֻλһ¡
С㣬ǱˣǶͨˣͷжΣ֪ģЩڰʱ޿̲Ϯ࣬˵ȥһ꣬ͨ˵ʾͳ˰ٷ֮һֻ˵صĹЩǱ߶Ѿʧ˺üˣ޲ߣֻԮӦ˵˰ɣ
Ǹʲôʱܽһδ֪СӦòϣʱʧȥμҵıӰɣ
˵°̧øˡ
˵ô࣬ʵ˵ľһ仰飬μҸĵⷽպҲýܣҲýܣ򶼲μҳֻ֣ҪǸϳμҵأǾͻȥˡ
⻰ֱסˡ
ΪһֱΪμǸ֪ͼļ壬μҲר￪ٳһԱμҵĶ˺Ϊμ׵ͨˡ
Ļȴ״μҵӡμҺЩʱȴɹļûʲôμһЩأЩ岻񶾵вǵĶˡ
뵽еŭ𼸺Ϊʵʡ
Ȼһ룬ŭϢˡ
Ϊ̬ȻӶѣȴҲòϣ˵ĻǶԵġ
뿪μңԼİΣûа취ϡ
һ룬˵˵μҵȫĵطǾеȫĵطҲ㱻񺲴ˣ
뿪μҵأٻаٷ֮ʮŵĿܻȥأ
ȷӦ˹
ʲô˼
ʲô˼
ЦЦҵ˼ǣμļ̳ˣӵܣȻû𣬼ֱǸ漣ѽ
⻰鵱ŭ˵գ֪˵ʲô𣿡
ôҲû뵽վȻĸү;үμԡ
üͷһ壺˻˵ȥλү;үǶζ
֮ô˵Ϊûдʵϰߡ
飺㡪
Ȼûѻ˵꣬վѾץԱߴͷϵı˹ȥ
ֱӾͱˮһ
ϵЦҲҲסˡ
ŭѣ
⻰漴ץһһƻ˹ȥ
æȥһ·֮Χֻһ䡰ǻڵġǱˡ
ְ
ŷӦǱӵӣֻһ
˷ܹ̲סֵ
ΪǸ鶼Ѿ˵ˣΪ룬Ϊμҵ룬ĳμҿ϶Ҫѹȥġ
Ǻ˺μʮа˾ǲŹǵġ
Ҳַա
Ͼտǲ㱻񺲴ˣҲǺ顣
μ˶Ǻõģ֪֮˵Ϊأ
뵽Լ뷨˷ա
ֻֻ˵ٺòˡ
ʵ֤ﻹǰμ̫ˡ
صμ֮󣬾ͽҽԺһȫͼӴ׵ظڳμˡ
⻰񺲵ֱӾͺˡ
һȺѪ棬ű˻
յ˳μҵģμҵģɲһȺѪ档
յĶΪ˾ײս飬£μÿ궼Ҫ߰ʮμҵĶˣֻ»ȥŸš
˵ˣμǣǿһô׵ĹʣǸμԭ쾭飬μӵĶˡ
ҪΪ˸μһܺΪסμҵ
ǵãҪ
뵽֮ǰճָıƿڴֶֶŵ飬񺲵͸ˡ
ʱҲˣΪû뵽һͷҲܵǰҰ־ͺ˵㡣
û뵽ǸͷȻôãͳˡ
û뵽ǣʱиСֱȻֱϴˡ
ǽȥǮסպ죬Ҫǰֻһᡣ
һﾹȻҾƲԳԷơ
һԵμҲ̲סüͷ˵μҵ㶪ˡ
ʱ䣬ѹȥ
Żع񣺡ǣүү
μѵһ䣬ɫҲѿˡ
ȻˣǾͱ²ˡ
뵽̲סЦ
ΪҪѹ飬˵Ͳʲô¡
ʱֻҪҸ˺ڵֻ¼ȻʲôŮѹϵһֱŶ˵޽μң֦ͷˣĸĸϣһֱٰͣԽԽ֣ʼŮԾˣһͼĸ
ʱһЩˮһ࣬ϴ
һʲôӰ졪ã
ΪҲ֪μҵϵүôȢһͨ˹Ůӣ
һʼֻѡ
Լ಻壬Ϊĵģôܹأ
⻰һԵ̲סЦˡ
ΪѾԤ˷պ˵³
μҲջ˷ϵĿ⣬Ϊûаѷպ˷ȻҲΪ񺲽ǣҪǣڻиҪҪ
˵ʲôʱ򵽣
صĹ߶ԽԽ󣬻Ѿ˹ȥ̽ˣȴһҲʧأŲòͷԮ
ӵǻĴ߼֮׵ҡ
ص˵һں󵽡
μдǣܳκεĲ
أģһһضЩ˵ġ
μҶЩͨ˵Ǵֻ֮ĴڣУμҴֻǵ׵ǸΪԭμÿܾѵӵ֮٣ҾѵģҲòĶȥ
Ҳ͵μһֱ·ϾѾǾߵˣΪһһθͳļ壬μҲһֱڻС
Ҫܳҡ


246 
Եڶһ, ЩϰϰǰϿǰһѣһ΢Ϳ񺲵ĳ幫档
Ƕʱˡ
Ųţˡ
׸ĶΪʲôҪڴѧҵ֮˽Ů, ̸ֻصڶǮĸСŮˣ
ΪʲôԶ㿼Ա֮, ͸ԭѾ˻ѷ, ȻڵĲ˸ѣ
, , ʵɲС˵ûôİԵܲúͻҹϷ, ұһͨ˶ôʵοǺš
Ҳ֪, ˼ܳΪţô֪ܲӦǿǿ, ǵķƶ
ξôܸｻ
Ҳ˵ʮа˾ĺξ˵һֱھξ١
ȻˣҲпξѣںｻ, ֻһ, û뵽ﵱ棬廹ץֳϾҲûóʲô֤ܹ֤˵Щġ
ôܣϾμҿǹϵĺ˼ңҹɭϣô
ô˵
ǲ֪
μôһֱڴҵÿǾֽ㹻ƻкüʮȦˣμҴжر, ǶμжĻΪμشĹ׵, μҶǵļ˽ӵμҵչ, һչˣһӡ
ԴѾˣһֱھξ١
ҲǣиԺζȫ壬Ǹʲôûɫ
ҪģûôҪġ
Լĸĸȹξٵı磬ˮ¥̨ȵ£֦ͷˣҲԼԼ䲻䣿
Ժ˭ȥǰֱȥιﲻ͵𣬱Ͼɱȳǵĳǽˡ

ܿ죬΢ͱˡ
˽һɫġôôִֶˣҪ֪ô֪࣬᲻ӹײôȱˣҪҪ棬屣֤֮Ļ۾˲ͺˡ
ôҲû뵽ΪϴԼȻĻԶó
ЩμǸ֪ͼĺ˼ҵˣҪ˵ǲμˮ˭Ű
Ϊμңμ˻伫
һһ˫
ѣ񺲣ءμˣǣԼڵҪ¡
ûѻ˵ֻ꣬ˣϢμصĹ·ģ˵ճμҵģμҵģܻμҵμҲǣһ֮ڴμҵȥԸ
ɫ˲ֻʣ˲԰ס
ĵ黹Ƿˡ
ڸô죿
ֻһͨˣĵһ뷨μҵͷġ
˿ֻϵЩ˽ţֿ˿ڲŵķգ۾˲͸ˡ
ͷģ
ܣ
ǰμ
ͲˣûμأǾͻȥˡ
ǵʱ뼸ڣһЩˡ
뵽۾˲ˡ
ûֲȱǮĸǸС뿪μң»ȥ
ȱǮտɾͲһˡ
Ͼڴ֮ǰһֱǿμҸ㻨Ǯ
뵽תο壬ģԺúչġ
յĸ黹Ǻġ
Ϊʮû˸ĸμȻӵμǱϵҲֻӶѣαķΪμ˵ݣƢ̫ãչʱֻǼ򵥵һ¹²õ£ʵ㲻á
ֱհᵽڡ
ԹѧУʳõʱ򣬸һСʱĳͷ
ʱʮҽԺչһϡ
ְֽ˼ʹϵ
һθԳĹذ
Բεıգʼõˡ
Ȼٴ»£Ѿڸ˲
ա
գаɡ
Ȼеģ˴ӦҲûѡˡ
ΪҪܱμ̻ˡ
̲סЦˡ
¶ûꡪ
ˣˮ黹ûнء
ɲһӱ
ǶѾμ˺ˣʲôµء
뵽óֻҪǰ׷ʱ¼ͼŵ΢ȥǺúÿҪĵ˭
ֻһȴ΢¼ȫûˣֻҲˡ
ô£
æҵعصֻ´֮һ飬ʲôûҵ
Ļ֪ܲԼֻǱ֪ضֽš
Ҳ֪鵽˭ġ
ѹ񺲸޼ɵˮԭ׼
ڸô죿
ѵֻ񺲰ܻͷյ
붼òİ
뵽۾޳ˡ
Ҳʱ򣬲ϵķͻȻ˵⻹򵥡
˵ţԼֻݸ
ʶ̧ͷʶԼȻڲ֪аĻ˵˳
Ȼӹյݹֻһ
ڲүܵҽԺвǵһĻ
۾˲ˣǡ
գǲֳɵ֤𣡡
ɶˣҪǻֻ֪¼֤ݣͰ״ôˡ
̫ˣ
ＤشԼֻƵȥ

ȴ˵
ʲô
գμ˲ϲ޲ȫ˶֪Ǽҷ֪ͼôܲأ
ȻԣЩ̲֮סӿٶȣô˵
һȥˣ񺲵һ幫滹΢Ϲš
ˣܶƵվͻȻ˺ܶǷպƵЩƵ඼ᵽһרϵС顣
Ǻܿ죬µĹġʤƹϵҲѡ
˵֮ҲЩԾô£ǲֻһôЩŻϹţ
ˣֱ˵ЩӦöϵˮЩUPԭӦöֻȶȶѣû뵽ǵƵ֮󣬷ø֪飬ȻԽԽˡ
˶ڵµǼСƲҲǳˡ
ջˡ
⻰񺲵Цá
պôȻǰͲԽԽˡ
鴫Խ㣬μҵԽ죬ʱ˭˵μҵ
뵽óֻ΢ֻ˵ֵĵزҪģΪô˵նμҵĶˣϣǲҪ׷鲻ˡ
΢һϹȻһƬؿ㣬μҸ߷ڵĻ
ռ״Цˣˣڿ԰Ƶųȥˡ
á
ﵱӲݸƵ˳ȥȻǣƵеǸ飬μүص顣
Ƶ滹һžǴѧߵ֤飬֤Ƶûо
񺲿ǲҴˣϣʩ߾ǮҲҪ׷ʩߵεģڷѾȫˣҲΥΪ
ү;үѾܿˣϾүѾμҰ϶ļ̳ˣΪ룬Ϊμҵ롭ֻλһˡ
СӦòϣʱʧȥμҵıӰɣ

ξٲθͳĺ


һһе¡
Ҳе£

˵үص飿
Ȼ˵񺲳죬˵ĻʱǸûзҲ˵˵Ķˣ
֮ǰȷںｻ
񺲵ȷǳˣ
ʲôǰֵܽòѾ˵ĺ֪ܲȢ֪Ƕչ˼ҵ׷ֻѡ
ȴ˵һֱڶݡ
⵹һҵı£ƹƹơ
ңһξٹȻƹƹơ
ǣ֮ǰ񺲷΢棬һ۶Ǵμжģҷжģƹƹơ
񺲾Ȼ˵ô˵նμҵĶˡȵʱմʱվͲμҵĶˣ
ҺǺˣ
ҲǺˣ
վˣһ뵽ôǰƣҾͬ鲻ɲһװ׵һСֹǵ˰˱ӵùǵʮ˱ӵù̯ɣ
٣ӡǣ֮ǰʺʮ˴š
Ҹ֣ҷ˽һϡ
Ҳ

˵ˣǼҹĹϽʲôţȥ䣬͵Ǹˡ
ʤ
Ҳȥ

ȻԤϵ˻ĽﻹǼս˫ȭţֻˣʶص㿪һȻ̲ס˵壬Ǳ߷Ϣ˵ʤڸƽ̨ϵԤܶѾͻˡ
ٺòˡ
ڲϣҵŹںһ㡣
һ˫ѣ
˭أ


247 
²Ķ
ž
һֱӰ񺲴˳ȥ
鷿, ֻأڳμ޲Ǻһ
˭Ҳû뵽ڴ֮ǰûбǷġһ, Ȼǡμôһͷ
Ҫ֪μҿǻһٶʱ, Ѿ˼, Żڵĺ
һҹ֮, ȫ¶֪μǸ, Ĺεļˡ
һеף񺲣صǸ顪
ͨ
ۿڳμȫ˹һҰ׵һ, ֱӹ˵ϡ
үүҵ£Ҳû뵽ǸվȻ͵͵¼Ƶ
ôҲû뵽ǰһΪպ˹˺˵϶, һ룬֮صľͱ
ΪҲ֪, μɨ, μôܻŹ

һ˵šҵ£, үٸһλᡯ, һƴؿͷ, ںܿϾͶһ̲Ѫ
ʲô, ǰһ, ˵, үа취а취μҵ
˵ˣ˾˵үΪ˶ܼҹĴŻѳûкڽֻΪ˼һֱŶ˵ģԾʵҲ֪үںｻ飬ֻ˵ĻԲŻȥ顣
μ˵üͷȻչһЩʱˣҡ˵ʵҲ֪ģֻұүˣһֱر𼵶Щˡ
ΪҲ֪˶˼˶õϵofferųΪү飬ǽֻǿŸĸ˵񣬾סμأҲ׾ٵؽϹ
ҲŻڲǶ򡭡
ûʱٶһЩˮЩѻ᲻𣡡
˵̲סһ
ֻһ񺲡
뵽ʶתͷһԵ񺲡
ҲȻӦ˹һź׵ֵ̿УС
ΪҲ֪һȻϴˣȴױʧˣĳˣΪƽϢߣμҿ϶ǻὫٷʱ³֪
ɨأΣ
ҪǣҪǱ˷ıǩԺôôμҼ֮λ
Ѿ벻ˣ
ֻǳƬ̣ؾͺԥ˵ôɣ
񺲲ŵؿأ֡
غݺݵصһۣԼǳ£ѵҪҡҪμҸƨ𣿡
񺲽һЩҲͲᱻײ
΢һЩǵϹ˺üʱܲĲԾҲͲڵԽԽ㣬䵽һʰĵز
ڳ˲뵽취ûĺð취
ΪڰǶƵʱ򣬿ǻһžǴѧߵ֤飬֤ǶƵûоҲ˵ǾֽţҲܡ
ҪǣϾҪˡ
ѹȥ˸²õӡ
οΪ飬˶巿̬ȶһЩòײμδ̳˵λãζ񺲻뱲ӵѪ
ȱӣ˵ʱ汧˽ӻˡ
⻰ֱ̱˵ϣֻʣ֣Ǿˡ
һԵ˲һ
ΪãȻμ˲Ľ飬ôʮа˾ŻŹһ
䵽³á
ҪΪҲ䵽Ǳĵز
뵽̲סĵЦ
֪ʱ׾ִصһϳȥӽ԰ȥ˵ηԾˡ
԰˼μ춯廤ṩʵսĵط
⻰ֱӾˡ
ϾͷӦ˹үүôңôҡ
Ȼѻ˵꣬м˽ֱס˵죬Ͱ˳ȥ
һ˲䣬ֻʣ˾ͺڡ
ЩҪǣصǺһЩ
ɻûꡪ
˵ʱһԳ棬յǸȡϿǵĽͣԭǡ
̶ֻȵμҵĸӰ졣
μˣ˵ͷͰ˵İɡ
֮ܶμҾԲܱ
Ļϸ˵ˡ
ΪںμҶô֮󣬻ȫˣ
ûţ
ȵһߣʱμңҪʰıӵͨˣ׾ٵ顣
ʱһҪ֪μһʲô³
뵽ڳμ޲Цһ
Ե磬պ﹫ǸԽȥ˾ֵϢѡ
ҵˮҲ³ˡ
Ժܿ죬ʹˡ
ٶһΡŲţˡ
ҲΪμһΰɣϾұμҵĴƼƻߡ
ػ˵ǿΪṩһö谡ǿǬʥĲ谡˵ȻѲ踴Ƴˣֻвһٿţ׬˺ðɡ
Ҫ񺲿үĶӣүˣѾг˺𣿱ˣүμҰ϶ļ̳ˣû񺲣μҼ֮λҲֶֻ̳ˣ㣬𣿡
ҿ϶ģ
ŶҾ˵μٶ壬˶ʵˣôܵһͱȫԱˣڿӦþһƬ񡣡
е

̲סüͷ
ܺߣʮа˾ҲЩһֱӾμ˵Ļ
Ǽʶ񺲵ָʹֱ֮μ˾ûֳôϺʵ
̲ס˷գ壬ڸô죿
ΪμҶ̬ˣҲҪиӦУϾȫڹעء
⻰ڽζط˴Ԫƽ۵µķ漴еֻ֮˵μĻǼ⣬ȻЩѶμ˵ĻҪǲģ˿ࡣ
µǼСոյڵĶҪסˡ
˵ֿ˿μҷز˵Ϊ˱μҵǸ⣬ǻԸʰ󹤳Ĺģǲ
ҪǣǺμұûеݵĵز
Ȼ񺲶ˣֻҪμԺʵʵģҲûμҼƽ̫ࡣ
ڲʲôģ˻ϡ
һ˵һƿ裨ʮţܽҩߵ峹׵ãμµһŲӦֻκϵˣټһ㹦Чϡˡ
ҪǣҲѲ׼ŵϲһأϲ˧һ㣬ʱҲûԼָĴ㡣
ҪȻôյشڲֻ֮ǰЩһѰܹԼָǿ׳ĵرˡ
ϡϡˡ
ǿŲκ÷ϵˡ
˵ͷˡ
ͷһ΢ֻ˵ҲԸ׵ģϾμҸġ
΢һϵķ粨ȻƽЪˡ
һЦʶȤ
ʲôֱתͷμףȻպôʶȤǺĻӭ磬ҪҪҲһ͸˵ˣǱҪǿǣҲǵᡣ
μˣµ˵ͷԡ
أȥš
ӵ뺯̲סüͷ壬⡪
Ҳûж룺Ȼ͹ˣǾȥ¡
ҲѾˣ⼸ҽԺסҲͦĵġ
Ҫǣڤڤ֮Уⳡӭһϲĸо

˵ʲôҵС̫үҲˣ
μأϢˮҲ̩ɽμ̲סվ
ΪҵλС̫үɲһˡ
μӣʴӱȻŶʮ꣬ȴѾǹΪߵľ֮һˣԼҼǰҲùؽһС̫ү
֪ҵĵλжߣڻĵλжߡ
μ˵ЩʱҲ̲ס̾һ䡮˱ˡ
ֻλҵС̫үһ򲻰ţôһͻȻˣ
μһѵعֳʲô£
һ˷ܣǣҵ˵ֻͻȻɢɢģҽعߵ飬͸һˡ
ΪˣҺĵϵӵܶŹˡ
ΪĴͨ飬Ĵĵϵӵܺܶ඼λС̫ү
⻰μʱˡ
ԭֻҵĹϵĴĵϵӵܶˡⲻϵڱʲô
˷ܵĻԶֹһ㣬˲ѹҸףС̫ү궼ʮˣûнأ
μһ٣㣬˵
ҪܳŮŮ޸С̫үǵŮŮֻǳΪ鸾Ҳüʮˡ
뵽͵һģǶ׼ڻӭϸС̫үһӡ󡣡
أǡ
뵽飬ļô벻أ
Էպ˵ʱ򣬿ľһӵݺݺ࣬Լɫеڵμˡ
ЩԣֱμҹܼҴһС̫ү
ȻתͷһͿͬǹһ㣬˴ӵ˽󻳡
Ȼûǰһμ˽󻳣ЩݺݺоͲԼͬð̹⡣
̲ס˵ڵĻλС̫үеĻҪӢұֻͲסĸĴߴ٣׼߸ģҾҿԡ
˵֮μֱ˵ǾͲС̫үˣףС̫үÿġ
һĻȺĴӵܶԼͬüͷ
ҲΪʲô˵μΪ׼һӭʱǵĵһӦǾܾȻǻͲסǵˡ
ΪҲ֪Щ˴ʲô⣬Ͼ飬Ǽÿһطͻһء
ԵĶ󻳵Ļ
ǵ۾˲ˡ
ɾ㲻ʲôˡ
ϾǼС̫үռˣܱ¶Ҫǿ
뵽໥һۣ漴ЦҲȥҵӰɡ
á
һߣЩݺݺȲ󻳡
գ
ͷͻȻеأǴ߰ʮɫñӡ
Ҫȥ
ͬʱҲ̲סüͷ
ˣȻóԶšȻֱڣǹһҪȥһ˻еĳ嶯û֡
ЩŮ˻ûΧʶؾ뿪ȻҸطһ£˿ܣŷּеĽ䶼Ļ֦չŮռˣΨһһ˱ȽٵĽҲһͷռˡ
ûģ󻳵ĿֱͣǸͷϣͷǰ׵ģҲǰ׵ģͷϵƶ塭
̲סüͷͺ
Ȼ󻳲ŷӦüͷʱøˡ
˼ΪһûаԹˣ˼ҲˣΪʲôҪ˼ң
Ϊ˵أ
ⲢҪҪǣҲ࿴Ǹͷ۵ʱΪ׵Ѿߵǰ
ϹŵЦ񣺡С̫үμҵүүȻһֱڻУҺ˵ˣ֪ҽǷܹһ֧裿
󻳣
Ǹͷʧ˶صʱ䡣
Ůʿѿ飬ֻίܾǸС㣬Ҳ衣
ϵ齩Ӳһ˲û뵽󻳾Ȼԥؾܾ
Ϊ˵ûбƯˡ
ҲҾ󻳣Ϊµֻ˳󻳵Ļ˵Ǽź飡
ôˣնʱͣ˽Ų
ˣôôܻñء
ˣ
ŸϲͷֻĲ²ѣһŸϲ˧ô죿
Ҫӳǰ̫ˣ
ԥˡ
ҪǣžܾЩݺݺҲܿɰ
뵽չֻصԭĽ
ǷվͬɾܾŮˣϵľˮƿ߸ҪˤŮˡ
ڿ쵽ʱ򣬶ûһŮ֮ܿڡ
֪һֱĴĵϵӵԼڳЩжżˡ
Щ˵ȻڵΪɫٵɡٵǰѽŮŮȥ
²Ķ
ۿμҲ˲ϳˣֱ󻳣Це˵лС̫үμⳡӭ硣
ˣС̫үǵһаɣ費ҪһλĴתת
󲻵󻳿ڣμȲ˵ҵĴŮô˵ͬأ˵ǻͬԡ
ڳЩˣ۾ˡ
˵õСƽμԼȻ³ˣ
ǲˣҪǵ֧֣μ̵Ӵ˵ôõĻ᣿
Щ˷ŭĿ⣬μϵһ
ΪƽϢǵŭֻҧֲһ䣺ҵĴŮ̫ʵĻڳĸλŮʿӦҲǺСүεġ
⻰ЩĴĵϵӵҲ׷˵ǰС̫үǵʱҪȥصĹ߲̽ûʱһĴڻתתٺòˣҲμһƬĲǣͱܾˣ
ǾͲѡѡһɡдˡ
뵽̲סҪ쳤̾һ
ΪС̫ү°뱲ӵԸǿǲġ
󻳵üͷʱøˣĿ֮£Ҳôμ˺ЩС
Ǿָ˺ˡ
ȥ棬Ҳһ仰顣
뵽Ŀϣɡ
ע⵽󻳵Ŀ⣬ڳμĵ޲˲ӿһɿϲı˲¶ʧͼʵĿ⡣
һ룬󻳵ָƾչһ䣬Ȼֱָ˽Ǹͷ
ͷգ

μ
ڳһڱͣ
Ĵĵϵӵܣ
󻳣
һ⣡
˵ʲô˵ĸϲһӰ
μϵֱӽסˡ
ô£
󻳲׼ѡ
ôѡ˷գ
ǿɲָˣ
ΪǸֻзһˡ
ڳЩ˭ǧĺ꾫أ֪ܲμҵĵϸĲ֪ģҲ֪һ㣬ǾǾμ紫˵Ǹ֪ͼĺ˼ңպﺦμҲɨأһϵӵܣȥһŲ£μôܷŹպ
ϣûʲô˴պΪû˻ԸΪͨ˵μҡ
ҲΪʲôպܶռһԭ
ȥϲȥˣԲڳ
󻳾Ȼѡ˷գ
ѹ󻳾ܾڵŮˣԭϲΪͲϲŮˡ
μˣ
ʧߣ
ô绹ͬȺأ
֪Ǿ͸ðѼҲȫ
ԡ
ѡеĿɲǸˣǸͷ
ͷͷͷܳɫ
ڳһбͣ
ĴЩϵӵܣ
ڳһŮͣ
ˣֺûȫ䣡


248 
ڳһŮͣ
, ֺûȫ䣡
Ϊǡ
˭뵽С̫үأ
һ룬˿󻳵Ŀⶼˡ
󻳣
˿Լָָŵķֿ˿ָŵķա
Ҳ֪Щĵʲô
ΪԼе㻳ˡ
Ĳ, û, ġҲͲˡ
ЩȷӦ˹
Ƕʱ͸ˡ
֪, Ǿ͸ðѼͷ̫̫Ҳȫȵ, ǲҲ̫бһ㡭
ΪҵС̫ү, ϲʲô˲ãƫƫϲͷ
Ŷ
ҪһС;ⶡǱˣ˵ϣ˵ùȥ
ΪҵС̫ү, С͹Žʳӵϣ
ΪʲôڳôŮʿ󻳲ѡ, ƫƫѡգ
ѵΪ˭ҲѡԸɴָ˸˵ƣ
뵽, ˻Ȼ
һû
Ϊ󻳸Ͳǻϵ˰
ΪҵС̫үΪԼ, Ϊҵ, Ҳڴĳϣ¶ϵð
ϣ֮ѡ, ֻΪƶѡ
Ҳ, ĶŮ, ζ󻳿ǼҵŮ, ԲŻʶΪѡΪա
뵽, Ƿһ
Ϊתһ, ȻѡգҲζμ˵ϣҲƲˣ
Ҳ˵ǻлᣡ
ֻǸˣμ˵ȴȫסˡ
Ϊ󻳶ѾѡˣΪ·ɱ˸գǰ
ظһࡣ
ѷպҲйģһΰʯͷԼĽš
һӣμֻ»ӵĲˡ
Ǽٶ뷨ҲЦǺǵġ
μȻˣ⼸鷳ϵˡ
ЩĴĵϵӵҲӦ˹Ƕʱһ
˵ǼС̫үôôֵֹá
󻳣
ô죬ܸܲǣǲ´ˣзջ治Ϊưɡ
ֻһ߼һǿ治ɫǽļ鷳λˡ
գ
ЩͶΪƣɲôá
Ϊڿӣ˶ûпŻ鶼߰˾ʮˣܿѾýֺͷٳһˡ
žȻϣ
գ
գ
գ
ҲǼ˵ˣԺܿ侲
ô죿

Ϊţһ¾ˡ
뵽̲סһ
Ȼ󻳵׼뿪ʱֱӸȥ
ҸطúĥһԼָͷΪʲôͻȻԼĻ˵󻳣ǣ
գָһŹһأԲֱӸһȥסˣǶӦòȱһɣ
󻳿ͺ
ʶֻܾǻߣͻȻӲرˣԡ
ڳȻ룬Ϊν̸
󻳣
ɣͺܲԾ
ǻѾ˵˿ڣҲֻܼ˵Ǿ߰ɡ
μ˵Ц˵һС̫ү
ֻ󻳵˵ĳǰһʧھƵſڣһǵɫͱˣҲһɢ֮
μֱӾ͸һƣ²Ķ
ӲһƵ˲ս˫ȭ
μҲʲôֶΣ㶼롢Ǹ϶С̫үʧȻ͹ȥ
ҧ˵ǡ
ȻǲҼǺμģĵ׵ŭȻȫеһϣǾա
š
һҪ֮ء
һߣΪμҸ󻳵˰ŵסƵ겢ԶԺܿ죬Ǿ͵ˡ
ЩСֱ˵ˣɫҲˣҶˣҲȥϢɡ
ǡ
Щ̴ӵҲ˳ȥ
ټıֻܿʣ󻳺ͷˡ
󻳱ѷҲߵģֻǿ֮󣬻û˵ڣûģͻȻͼӿ˺ܶࡣ
󻳣
ֹǲԾ
Ȼһ룬Ϳֱӿʼ·ˡ
󻳵۾˲͵Բˣʲô
˵꣬Ժ˲ǧͷ
ûԼǲϣǷӦ빴ˡ
ҪȻͻȻ·ʲô
ֻǾеȣֻװѵķգ
ⷴӦ벻붼Ѱ
Ͼ˭֪Сڴϣһ˵ҪʵҪ˼Ȼֻɳϣֲûɳ
ô죿
ֻһ߼ѣһ˵С̫үɵ鰡
ֻ˵˵ţԼȴŤˡ
ȻѾ׼浽һ̣ǾĶĶŤ
۾۵Ķܵγˮ۽ǵȴǿϵ˰ߵʱ򡭡
󻳣
ġڣ۾ġ
ȵȡ
Ȼöģ
ͷڹһв֮£Ȼһ㶼öģ
ѵϣ
䣡
ֱӱը˸޴룬ͷƤ顣
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Ȼһ㶼öģҲ۾
˵ϲͷģ
뵽󻳵˼ֱӾ͹˸䡣
ͷһˣֲϲͷò
󻳣
ϲǶ˵νһ鶼Ǽɫ
ֲϲͷò
ϣǲϣ
צˣ
ЩҪҪǷѾڳ߹ˡ
󻳣
󻳣
󻳣
ԣ
Ĳԣ
һ룬ֱʧ˿
գ
ʶ̧ͷ¥ϡ
Ų𣬽·ˣžȻˣ
¥ϣһᴭһȥ󻳣
ǴѷӳȥģôȴĶˣ
һӣ󻳸ˣ
ͺܲԾ֪Լ˵˶ٴβԾˣ
űڴϹһȦһȦû쵽ǺȴʲôԻŽô಻ݡ·
Ҳ󻳻ʱͻȻһ
ǾĻļͷǰε˵䱾ع
ղŷ˲һĻĻԺط
󻳣
Ϊ˲۾ʲô
ͷιһƿĲ衭һָܻ׳ˣҲͲٶһˡ
󻳵۾˲ˡ
ڸõİ취ֱӰǸͷӳȥֻ߽ļ춼žͺˡ
ЩͲĿ֮
Լͷָ׳֮󣬻᲻ӱ䱾ع
һôȥЩء
뵽󻳵ԼĴָóһƿ衣
ȻһҲƳһٿŲ裬ڲԶһ󣬵ΪҵС̫үҶ˭Ĳ裬ҲܶģȻǲȱġ
һƿǲе١
˵Ǹͷǰʱ仹˴ˣϵ˶ûкء
˲ֱ塣
һƿ϶ǲġ
ӦҲˡ
뵽󻳵óֻЩĴĵϵӵܴ˸绰
ЩĴĵϵӵҲûж룬вĵѲ˹
Ծڷջʱ˺üСƿӡ
ȻһƿӴ¥ƵƮȻֱ䵽
滹һֽ㣬ģһһžС
ʶʲôֱӴǸƿӡ
װĿɲǲ衣
üͷһ
ôΪʲôҪ·֮רŸôĲ裿
ϸ֪ȻΪҲرڵӣ
Ȼôڵӣôϵأ
նʱһ
һҲͲΪԼˡ
һӸôĲ裬ɲûд⡣
뵽̲סһ
ôܹ󻳵ĺء
һһžˣ̫ˡ
뵽ֱӴЩСƿӣƵسŲԶķȥ
¥ϣЩ֮󻳲ص˵ͷ
һŨҵ˯Ϯͷ˸ǷԼʩ˸֮󣬾ֱ˯˹ȥ
Ҳ֪˶ãͻȻһ
Ժץͷµֻһ㲻ء
Ҳûж룬ֱ´˷ţȻһʺõ廨
΢һЩһ̧ͷͶһİ͸Ϥ
˭
е˯˲䱻Ϥ滻һ룬סˣգ
ȻǰüëŨܣĿ䣬ͦĴǾͲĸҲˡ֮ܶǸͷֻһ񣬵Ͳסϴ·һ󻳺ܿϳ
ʶôôͻȻͱˣ
üͷһС̫ү֮ǰ͸ҵЩˣ
һĨȻɫͱˣ㶼ˡҲǸ߹һһŵ𣿡
ΪҲ֪ҪǰЩ趼ˣôһӾͻָᡣ
һӳȥôĲ裬еҩн׾߶һܵסοǷͨˡ
ȴ˵ЩҪ
ֱӱõ廨˷䡣
ʶ
һ룬Ϳŷշ־͹˷š
󻳣
󻳿˿õ廨ֿ˿
ռ״ֱӰõ廨ÿ
մĻժġ
󻳺Ŷʶÿ
ȻŷӦ
Ǻòÿ
ձ֮󣬵һʱһõ廨ҹķš벻붼ѡ
Ͱͣ㡢ʲô
ֱӾͳ˲ϵⲻǺԵ𣿡
С̫ү͸ôĲ裬Һ񻹲ô죿
󻳵Ŀ̲סյ½Ʈȥȴ˵㻹
ռˣֱӰѽӵ˴ϡ
˼ȥҺֻ⳥ˡ
󻳣
ӦֱӰȻһӡ
ȵ󻳷Ӧʱ򣬷Ѿѹˡ
һɣ㡭
ͼ󵨡
һ룬˵ҪʲôҲˣڴ֮ǰҶ˵ֻǸİ˶ѣȻֵǵĶøҳԡ
ɱ˵ôΪͬң
󻳣
˵ǵȻС̫үô뵽ЮͼǱ򡢴̨ɳԡҡ󡭡ЩĶˡ
С̫үȻ̫ѣţûܰѵߵķĻ˵
̲סЦһŶ
˵һ˼ʮ꣬һžԻһʱıѡڻŵıҲһ
ֱӰַ󻳵ĿϣСˡ
СһС̫үźġ
󻳣
̲סڷһһСİź𡯵ʱ򡪡
죡
㲻Сһ㶼С

һߣεһȻԣ˷ȴڲסүҲ鵽һЩÿʰա
ؽӹݹļһʲôսӽΪҪչ
飺ûǰûٸЩҫ飬ǵ΢¼Ҷˡ
ʱֻҪЩ΢һţС̫үգղᷴĿɳ𣿡
ⲻֱŪպҪǿ
պͷϳ£벻ɵͷ϶ѡ
Ҫ˭ܱ֤º󲻻˲ġ
⻹ǰＳȡĽѵ
⻰صҲЦãͰ˵ȥ졣
ͬʱ
Ժ۾ȻϷյ
󻳣
ʶ̧žѷȥһ룬ϷͿʼһĻĻطʶס
ǣĽֱӰ˲ڵĵط
˲ҲˣüͷһϻŬ
Ȼս˷ϵ֡
󻳣
Ȼʲôû͸˲صĴۣ
Ǻܿ죬ؾЦˣ˵ʲôС̫үһ춼ûţҲûаոϳ
ȻЩĴĵϵӵҲЦˡ
Ϊʱ󻳴˸绰ҪһЩ⣬绰Ǹ˽ӵģҸϴ裬һٴȥ
ȻᶼЦˡ
ΪС̫үնڱˡ
йУһң;һĻһѵӪҺͱĤ
ζʲô˵
Ȼ˺ţǡ
زˣ
ͷͷTMDҲܳɫˣ


249 
˵õѡֻΪأ
˵õ󻳸Ͳǻϵأ
˵õΪҵС̫ү, ΪԼΪҵҲڴĳϣ¶ϵأ
С̫үȻϣ
ͺף
һʱ֮, еļ嶼צˡ
ѵҪǰѼͷ̫̫
, ˵ЩĴĵϵӵˡ
ع춯鲢ǵ, ҲҪôˣǻǶȥ, ΪĲǰʱͿռЩҪǼС̫үŮ
ϾǼС̫үһŵļʿɱȲƱнļʻҪ, ôܷŹôõһпӵһλС̵̫ĺûء
ش˺ü춼һҲ, ͱ˸֪ǼС̫үûͬϣЩŮߵǸǸͷڱ˻졭
ǰʱͿռ䶼, Ϊ˴ǼС̫үЩŮǵģ
ӵеһλͬС̫, һλ̫үү
Ҫ, ǼС̫үҲ, ˼ҺôҲһѽ
ʲôˣ
רȥٶȣֱӴ΢УΪֻҪ΢ˢһ, ֤͵ʮǸصģԺζͨ, Ǹ, , 壬ӽ, ֻΪɫ, ҪƭϴֱҪжġ
Ҳ֪ǼС̫үôµȥ졭һԻ졭
뵽, ЩĴĵϵӵܶˡ
ǻ̲סɢһ˼ά
Ǿնôһˣ˻
ǺܿͷӦ˹
ѽ
ǼС̫үͷڱ˻졭ǵĵ绰ģǸ˵İ
ѵǼС̫ү˻Ĳͷ
һЩһŪˣС̫ү۹ٲҲڲͷȥ
˵ֱ꣬Ӿһ
ˣ׷׸͵ûû
ֱʲô˵˵ǻǲǵǰҲǻӭʱС̫үͻȻ˺Щ£
ԱߵŮʶؽ˵ҵʱе棬С̫үӦòȱɣôרǽأ
Ҳǣԡ
˲ϵһȥ
С̫үͷ衢ˣ֮ʲôϵأ
ȻϵЦֱӾͽסˡ
ʲôϵͷӲ裬ɲ͵
ǼС̫үǶôĲ裬Ϊ˸ͷ塭
ЩĴĵϵӵܶʱֶɵˡ
Ȼһ˵Ļ̴Ҳɵˡ
ȻЩ̴ӴϢĸҲɵˡ
һ˰СˣҲ׷͸˭һ͸СʮŲ谡
ǿǲ谡
ٸųƱһһŵĶ
ĴңҲ˷ѣϾĹЧԾ˵ͬһĲһٿء
С̫үһ־ʮŲ裡
͵Ļͷ
ʮа˾ǻͷ
С̫ү񻪹ȼߵľ֮һʲô£ͻȻͷ׵أ
ȥƺҲֻʣ±ͷԻͷôһѡˡ
ˣ
ƫƫʮа˾žʵ
һʱ֮䣬Ҳ֪Ǹü󻳵ãǸüһ;ȻüǮ
ЩҪģҪǣΪգȻ趼ó塪
˵ʲô˵󻳶˰
뵽μμһ˦صϣ²Ķ
ΪҲ֪趼óͷãôܻںͷϵЩ۵أ
ʱͷ㴵һͷ硭󻳰æһЩ飬Ĵ˳֣鲻鶼μڱ󵷵Ĺ
ʱܷŹǣ
ĴܷŹǣ
뵽μһҧгݡ
˭뵽أǰͷһֻ̧̧žϣôĹҡһ䣬ͳǵﲻĴˡ
⣬Ϊ󻳵Ĵ
Ҫǣͷܹ֮󻳵ĴΪذպҲ뵽ǳӭϣŵӡ
μֻ˵̣ϣȥ΢Щյĸȫ
һ˵ţһ߸Ť
˭뵽أõˮȻҪԼȥɾ
㲻ǰʯͷԼĽš
μҪ㲻ܰμҴժȥǺöȥɡ
⻰ϵ鳹׽סˡ
Ϊμ˼ѾˣҪ¶μҵѡֻǰƳȥףΪμҵΪμҵĵλѡһ
ֻҧ˵ǡ
ǵڶϣȵٴֻʱϵķѾһٰʮȵı仯
ЩյľƵһҹ֮ȫɾˣЩƵµķҲ׷վ˳ʾйյĸϢ󲿷ֶġ
Щ¼μҵյĺҲץˣǡϡ¼αģΪһֱǳգͬͨˣǶŮ˫ȫӹȴ޶Ůһһѵ̹ΪΪ˾ģμ
ǲŻʱαôһ¼Ϊľǰܻμ˰ϳμء
ȻءμصĹ¡ͬѧͬ£ԼҲվ˳ʾԸգﱧ˼
ŲţЩˣϾǸ̶֪̼ʱ˶顣
Ҿ˵ôĶĵˡ
ϾֻһͨˣҪģĶôôμҰѡ
ﶼվ˵ˣʲôŵġ
һʼΪ¶μҸɵģϾպﶼμδ̳˵Ķͽȥˣμôܲǣû뵽μҾȻվ˵ˡ벻ҾȻҲ˵һ죡
ĽԴϲ

̲סüͷ
μ˿ЩҲ֪ǸøǼҵȻһЩǻᱻѪ
ҲҲ֪˭յЩ¶ͱģμΪʲôЩѹȥ
һ˵һֺٻԣǳĸо治
뵽ֱӰֻͷԱһӣȻתͷɱ۾ˡ
󻳣
Ϊ˱һԴ󷢣󻳹ϼװ˯
Ͼ˵Ѿ˲֪ٻˡ
ҪȻôⴲһɾ
Ҳˣ
ҪǣȻеԲˣ
С̫үȻ򲻹һͨˣ
ͺܶ
յĿ漴΢Ľëϣ̲סЦֻ˵ˣˣҶôûлȥˣһûȥ˳ҵļҵʲôʰһ´
󻳣
󻳶ʱһ
ʲô˳Ѽҵʲôʰһ´
ң
һһֱǵôߡ
αװôˣվȻܷװ˯
˵թ
Ҫʱ۾ǲװ׵ĸ߷װ˯·𣩣
ѡ˼װ˯
գ
аɡ
ǵð󻳽Сѡ
󻳵ƨɣԱŲһŲѹҵڿˡ
󻳣
󻳣
󻳣
ô죬ֻһ߼۾һߺŶ䣬ԱŲŲ
ȵЦųڿ㣬ְĽϽһڣ֮߳󻳲͵͵۾
ûֱ𴲣ǵȵ¥´ѵһŹϵ֮ڰԴͷ˳
Ȼ⼸췢ͲܿƵؿʼ
󻳣
󻳣
󻳣
ۣ
Ȼ˾Ͷˡ
һ룬ץԴһɡ
Ƿˣ
Ȼһֻһġɫġ˼ġͷڱ˻죡
죡


250 
ڻĿɲֻ, 
ΪҲ˵˷պ󻳵顭
Ϊ֮ǰʢնĻš
Ǹʮа˾ġ
ΪպЩѵͼȻں֤αģһЩͼ֪, Щпܾ˵ġ
ΪЩ, Ǵֵϰ, աΪմСͲѧϰ, ʱ, ΪŰʱ, ûؽܹҲ͵ڸʱһѵĴ֣ܰѾдɾѷдɰ塭
ҪǣǰĺܶͬѧͳҲ߹նеùͷ, һ㣬ʱֻΪΪ˶, Ͱĵ׶ԼǶӵĿǷȫע, ԲûаǵȰϡ
, ܶʱ, ոľȷЩԽ, ס, Ȼٵʱ򣬸׼ˮƷ, ͼɹ
벻붼ѡ
ǴӸ˵, ϣġ
Ͼһֱ, յΨһˡ
ҵʱǺԥĽ飬һյ΢
Ҳ֪ôźá
ͬжϵģͬѧѡ
ǵ뷨ͺܼˣǲĶв뷨Զ϶ûд
û
ҴӦ壬Ҫϵġ
һ黨Ůӵ˵Զֲ˵ҪϾ
ԱߵĺȹŮҲ˵ҹţﻹҪϡҪϵİοԺ򼸸绰㶫Тˡ
⻰˷׷׸͵ǰǰ
Ȼ˵ĺеﻹЩԥ
Ҳʱֻˡ
ϢǷշģڲڼңǴԿˣøԿס
ʶؾ˵ԼڲڼңΪûԷյ׼
ڣЩͬѧѾȲضֻصڼأֱӹˡ
ǣ
ǵ˵Ҹ˵Ӧÿ쵶ն飬Խԥ϶Խҡ
ãᣬѻ˵
û

룬ջ̲ס˵ͷ
ϣ˵ˡ
ֻǲô˵նĳΪյ룬ٲܵô˵
˵ҪȻȥɣʣµԼС
С
ȹŮ˵˵һһߣô죿
Ҳ׷˵Уһļļƻ¶ƹˤǿô죿
Ǳﱣ㡣
Ӧò
ȹŮˣ㻹ϣ֪ж൥ˣǲ֪ȱľĵˣ
׼Ŷķգ
⻰Ȼ˵ûǾ͸ˡ
۽ǵĿҲÿ˷գ΢΢һ㶣ǣ
ڳҲʶ˳Ŀ⿴˹Ȼ۾ˡ
Բۣüë۾ӡС˵ɾѽ
ٷ磬һ˲ţΡ˱ЩﾹȻĿҵԭͣ
黨ŮӸ̲סĻ˵˳ģҿԣ
գ
ȷտڣһ룬ԼӦ˹͵صɴ˫ۣ塭壿
Ϊϻֱء
黨Ůӣ
ȹŮˣ

壿
Ǽͬһʱʧ
գ
ôܣֲûգ
ھһ˲
š
һ룬Ϳյ˵ͷ
Ȼʵǡ
ȷӦ˹ΨֺȹŮ˵һЩĻ˺ա
æתͷǣҪǿ֮ǰסǵ졣
Ȼ黨Ůӵһӵӡ
Ȼ¶ʲôһתͷ˵㲻Ҫǰɣ
㲻ҪǿɾҪˣ
ǰ˾Ȼͷ£Ҳǲ۾ġ
תһ룬ͷͻȻϻͯҲʲôϡˣϾϿǻвҩڵġ
ڳղ֪ĶŪһ裬ָѡ
ЩҪҪյĺÿİ

֮ǰɲô˵ģ
黨ŮӣΪ֮ǰҲ֪Ѿָᰡ
ȹŮˣԹ㹻Զһټ˾ˡ
黨Ůӣôأ֮ôֻиҶѡ
ȹŮˣÿ£Щѣңֻ壡
˲쳤̾ǲչֻ˧һҶѣ

֪ϵġ۸ߡĹôˡ
黨ŮӣûĲҪ

鸴ӣȻȥɣһٸǴ绰
ﶼô˵ˣҲֻ˵Ǻðɡ
ټ
ǵˣֻǳ˴֮󣬲û뿪ڹսǴĻԺ
ȻǻЩİȫ
ϾֻչѣֲϣôֻΪճĺÿͷĵ׵ľ衣
ղ⣬ء
ҪҪ飬˿ķӦˡ
Ҳвϣշµ飬˵ظ֮ү˵ġ
Ҳ侲˺ȹŮ˵ĻӦÿ쵶ն飬Խԥ϶Խҡ
һȻ̧ͷ˷աֻһ룬۽ǵͻȻͱղϵĺסˣߵĻֱӿߡ
ĺۣһ֪ôһº
Ȼûйⷽľ飬ûԹ⻹û
֮⣬һ׵ͷأǾպλС̫ү¡
ע⵽Ŀ⣬ʶӣһ˹㶼֪ˣ
Ŷ˵ͷ
ЦˣҪһˡ
ʶλС̫ү
գţǡһ顣

ЩԾȻģ
һ飿
߹ģС̫үڵƻԻ͵ϡϳƵһ顭
ôأ
ƫƫһ̹ȻеҸڲס
Ҹ
ֱӾסˣ
ѵ˵ģ
Ҳ˵ǰй˼ڼȻոС̫үһˣԺҲӦòٰˡ
Ҫǣֱڵķղ˺
ȻˣΪʲôҪǰ鲻أ
ֻҪԺղ˾С
ϾҲϣʧȥôΨһһ˰
ͱ졣
ղŷսʱǸպ飬ָǵʱ˵Ļնˡ
ʱͼˣ壬ʵʵǸղֻ۹顭
գ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôͻȻ⣬ҲµǴˡ
ĬĬȻҪѡ˳Ļ˵Ǳôˣ
Ǳ߻ͳ˵⡣
漴˵ˣⲻǱֽӵ˺ܶඩ𡭡
һСΪյЩϢѵʱ򣬲Ѷһ٣û뵽ֻǹ죬ЩϢͱһһ塯ˣЩ֮£ɲָһЩ
󲿷Ϊе嶼֪˷С̫үˡ
ҵյЩϢ֮ϴô죬пٲǵƲΪǵʱҲѷٰǼҵŮȥ
û뵽󻳾Ȼǿ˷գǿɲ͸μһ
ƫƫһʱģҲҲֺ÷յ·ӣȻһЩ˰ǷճϵֶŮֻҪֺܴﵽֺ÷յĿġ
ȻǸСͻȻһѳеĶкܶҹ˾ʳõĶ
˵ͻȻôĳڶӦø˲Ŷԣ仹ڹոμҵİһ¡
Ϊһҹǿϡʤ˵ܳˡ
ǰǣʤĿڸлЧҲ
ξط
ΪҲ֪ǿڸк͹Ч㣬ʤռһ㣬ҵǸСҲڼʮ˻ǸС
ǣѾյϵЩڶѾ²ۿˡ
һ˵һζһѾ
ôҲ˷ѲǣϾǿÿͨСʱ׬ǮģҹЧҲһģ⼸ÿϻῪһƿǿԼȵ
Ȼǰ˳ֵһҼèӺȣֱ߿ˡ
ĩˣһӵ
Ȼ⼸ÿʱͷ϶һֻ󡭡
ˣҼèΪѾʵֻܺôյĵزˣ׼ˡ
һʱ֮䣬֪Ǹͬ¥ǸĽ¥ֻôɰèӡ
ζһѾҲһѾĺô룬´Ǽ͵ʱǾͿáʤдˡ
Ŷ⡣
ʵҲãϾһʼʤĿҲȵģҡʤļ۸Ҳ̫ߣͨϻҪһЩֻ˵ɡ
Ҳǡ

ЩȻûаο
ΪһѺǩ϶ǻšʤһˡ
ȵڵķͷȥˣʤֻ뵽Ѻֵʱ򣬺пܾǡʤƲʱˡ
ҲǺ֪زһ㡣
ҪǣôõĻᣬǿ϶ǰղסˣ;òİ
ҪҸȥһ˹
շֻ˵䷽ܲܵһ¡

һ㶡


251 
վݹ, һڡ
ôڸأ
ıѩ̻˼̲ζ
ˣ̲軹̵ġ
һǣĹĹϡ
һ¶, վظоһ˿ů⡣
Ҳֻһ˿, һת˲ŵ֡
⵹ǸĲ鵤е֮ͬ
ڷûд֮ǰ鵤ûа취ġ
մȥ֮, ҲΪ󷨵ļӳ, ˳оܹҩͷȫԶߡ
û󷨵ļӳ֣ҲûǵǷ켫ҩַǾȻҲִĹϣ
Էյ˵ҿ䷽𣿡
ˣתͷ
Ͼ䷽Ļܡ
, һǵ˵ͷ
ǻͷ, ҪȻôϣڷ, Ȼİѷմ˹Ҫ֪տû, ﶮʲôϣԣϵֶд
ͷ, ȻҲԥ
Ͱ䷽ø˷ա
սӹ䷽һ, üͷ˲
Ĵ, ΪãռȻ˵һ䷽Ļ˵ĵһġ
һܰæأ
æʵʲô𣿡
գûô
ΪÿĿƼչ켣һҲ͵䷽ϵԭϵ֣ʮа˸û˵
Ҳ, ʱŷźЩ˴, ûǰ, ֮һʱȥоĿѧ

ˣ
ԷͻȻüΪ
ﲻЩʧΪʲô취ء
ռ״ֻ˵һʱ䣬ҿ϶óһ׸Ľķ
ϾҪֻһϵ䷽ѣֲʲôӵĶ
ѾˣӣҲû˵ʲôɨ˵Ļֻ˵ðɡ
ɵǣμҰʱ˳ѹзʵҲװһ飬һŰҪõʵȫȽģԵʡ˷ղٵĹ
ջһʱȥ˽Ŀѧˮƽͳʶ
ֻСʱʱ䣬䷽иԭϵ;ĥ˸͸˳˽һͬ͵ҩƷ
ȻֻһСʱʱ䣬Ūܹϵԭ򡪡ԭΪĿѧڼʮǰɥʬ˵γԭһܴٽͬѧҩƷȶӦȶõ˺˷Ӧصȸ
ɱȶҪ򵥶ˡ
վʱһҪúоһȶľṹ
˰Сʱʱ䣬ֱӸĳ汾䷽
ȻͰЩ䷽ͳˣȥԿʱϲĸ䷽ĸ


վȻͰ䷽ĳˣ
ôš
Ҳ˵һʼʱ򣬿Щԭϵֶֻ˵һʱ䣬վ͸ĳ汾䷽˼䷽ƺǿõġ
صҡһϡĳҵϯѧټзܲҲҿĺڡ
ԱߵǸоԱЩ֮ȴ̲ססһ
ķӦͳʱסˡ
ֻһСӣλоԱͷɲСǻдѧѧϵϽڣҪΪ˸µоŪʵϰĸλҲ׬һ첹ãҲǵƸ롣
۹Ȼû˵
ѵոĵ䷽еͨ
ôܣ
һ룬ǾͿϽԽԽֱ˵죬ھȥʵңһЩƷ


Ѿеͨ
Ͻôô
뵽˲Ͼˣ̲סһϣ
ԭǴѷӸ֮󣬾ͻȥģڿôӣҲֻܸһ
ȻոĵЩ䷽˺ܶҩƷҲû׼ЩҩƷڹ뻧дѧԶϽһ绰ȥܿ죬ѧͰЩȱҩƷȫˡ
Сʱ֮ڷյİ£䷽ƷȫƱˡ
ȻֻСʱʱ佫ЩƷȫһ顣
һϽڵֱӵһ
ͳ״̲סʵôˣ
Ͻڷеļⱨ棬ͳſϵ𾪺ͼ
˵һ䷽ĿڸбȡʤĿڸв


ȡʤĿڸлʲôüģ
ȻϽڼ˵ĹЧǡһ屶ɱӦֻС֮
ΪдѧѧϵϽڣоʳƷѧ빤̣ôûоϵЩĹϡ
ʲô
ͳ˲ɴ۾
СĹϿڸǷѣΪʲôܴôꣿ
ɲΪǵļ۸ˣΪϾͨ߱ԣƣ͵Ч
ϾùϣܶʱΪ˻ƣͶѡ
ֱȥͨϲͿ
ǶԹϵĿڸеҪԶûͨôߡ
Ҳζţһ䷽ĹЧǡһ屶ȴܱȡ͵£ȫܹ͡Ŀܡ
ܹͻһϾʵˣ
һ䷽
ȻǾϽڼ˵䷽Ŀڸкϵͨϲ࣬Чǡʤһ룬ɱֻС֮һ
䷽ڸбȡʤԺһЩǻǱȲϵͨϣЧȡԲһЩɱǡһ롣
֮һ䷽עعЧڸв䷽עؿڸйЧ䷽ͣעعЧעؿڸУԹЧһ䷽ڸв䷽
Ҫһǣһ䷽䷽䷽ɱȡҪͣĳ˵Ƕȡ䷽Ҫá
һӣͳ֪ϽΪʲôôˣΪǵ鼸Ͻһޡ
ֹǸ䷽䷽¯˺ü鰡һصĻ̫Ͼ¯
ռ״漴ϵʵظһ飺ˣҵѾˣͿǸϲĸ䷽ʱĸ䷽ˡ
ȴ⻰ʶ˵Сѡ񣬴˵ȻȫҪ
ʱȫƾһ䷽ѹ䷽¢жг䷽ڵͶгһ
գҲǡ
⻰۾ʱ͸ˡ
ʱǰذ죬һߣ˵еعߡ
Դһǰﱻռ֮ԭغСسһҹ֮Ϊǡ
һѳһƬ棬ҳ걻֡
ȻϣСسȴ
ЩС˸ӶѾȥˣ
ǾͿʼɣ
ֻسһ㳡ϣХУһ޹޵Ѫʮ׿ѪС
Ա߾Сɽһʬѡ
ЩĴĵϵӵܷЩʬɲ֮ǰнʧٵЩͨ˵Լ̽ص쳣ľߵġ
ѪҺеͨ˵ʮһЩֵסջĹ굱͵͵زһЩѪҺ
ⲻ֪һж׵ļļ֮¡
һĻһйֻ˲쳤ûʮֻЩ꼲Ӷȥ
һ󲻾ڶЩ־ֱЩţһ©
һ룬Щ˲仯˻ҽѪȵ˺ϡ
˼ģЩ˾ǵ³
⻰Щ޲ͷƤһϵĶҲӿ˺ܶࡣ
ܿ죬Ѫؾˡ
ص˵ͷȻתͷмˣˣˡ
ſŨѪζһ˿Цݡ
漴תͷһӣʲôУѼ졭
ֻ˵λָ֣ܻˡ
ЩѼҲ򶨵ĲǸ漴·ڹЦһ㡣
ţ˴һӡ
һӹƮ˳̧ЩӣѪȥȻֱӽЩͶѪ֮С
ߵ굱
ݵЩʬƮ
һ룬ѪͻȻ
ͬʱѪܱ˲˱
̲סս˫ȭ
ֻѪĶԽԽѪĽܿıȽϽĹֱӱһǻûüˣһ룬ӦޱȵѪ龹ֱӸʴǵĻ塭
Ĳҽ˲ѹѪˮ˴رߵ
ͬһʱ䣬ԭڲѵѪ˲䶳ᡣ
һ̣Ҳ·𱻶סˡ
ضѪеЩʬ壬һ롢롢ʮ롢ʮ롭
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãҲһ˲䣬顪
һ಻ıըѪеıըʮӰЩʬ
ţһſָֻˣ
ͷһʮУƮɡ
һɵϢ
һĻ˸ǴЦ˵ãҷôĹǰλ־ȳˡ
⻰ʮŷӦ
ǵȥѵ֣Ȼûʧ
û뵽ǾȻĻػɵһ졣
֣лԺ󵫷õǵĵطܿڣǡ
ˣⶼӦģҪλҲẦλڹʵ۵֮¡
ʮϵ˷˲һɨգǷ˵ֻϧˣǬѾˣѾû취ѩˡ
ǷǵýպԪƽڷؾʬҲɡ
Щ˿ɲǵΪ췽աԪƽۻжҰʷնʾڵЩˡ
˭˵ġ
ҲǻԽȴЦˡ


252 
ҪΪպԪƽ, Ҳ䵽ǰ³
Ǳնʾ֮ԭΪʮһú, ˵ظйת۾ͽǴ˰ʮꡣ
ǺòײųŹʮ, ΪԼڰͷ, йǱͼεļͥԣη򸾲ΪɣǴꡭ
ֽ֮ͭѪص˸顣
Ȼ鵽û, ȵڴӵ, йǲҲΪɣǴ, ЩڵĴʿȻһٶ
뵽, Խ˾ͺ޵
һٶǰ, ȻգʱͶһֻӬĻԽǰ, ǰĻĹͱرĹס˽, ŵӳ죬ػָǰʮļ䡣
֮һٶƴ, ʮǰعվ˸š
֮ļʮһһĴѰЩת, Ȼһһ
֮ôƴ, һΪȻ, ǵ걻ȴŵظȺϾҪСд̫, ˾޴ĺ䶯, ҲͲᾪ˳͢ǵļƻǰ¶Ǽѵ³ζӦðЩҲȳ
һ浱ȻΪ
˵պԪƽ۵Ĺǻ𣿡
ˣΪʲô䵽³Ϊǵʱֻһûз
ڲһˣǹǹһǵĶ֡
ҲΪʲôҵЩתʱ򣬲ûֱɱǣǰѵʱǷѾǧǽѪء
ΪҪֱɱǣǼԭҲֻͨ¹Ѫأ׼ȷ˵һӵԹټǱеԹߣ߳ײ֮󣬲ЧԶʤӵĺͣҲǸŵĹˡ
ֻҪܹһͳ磬ʷôôľôģ˵պԪƽ۵ˣǰǵķͷȫƽ˽Ȧ棬Ҳһ仰顣
ЩҰʷʱһҪЩȫˣ˭Ժ󻹸˵ǡС֮
˵Խս˫ȭ
һͳ磿
Щĺ˲ͼ˺ܶ࣬һԱЩǵѹѹڵϵɪɪĹ꣬ǵ۾˲ͺˣ
ǰûѡռʱ˺ͣΪʲôƴһѣ
ˣƾʲô͸õһȡ
ʵҲõǼˣ
ʱһҪЩǵĹĳңǵĹȫɱ⡣
ЩҾˣǴǣʱȥպԪƽ۸¹ĹպԪƽҲųꡣ
ã

ԽԽ˷ܣǵ¶˾ģˣ
ˡ
ã
Խȵľ仰
Ϊ֪ǾԻĶġ
ҲϸļƻڲŶ֡
ϾĴڵֺʵԶԶǵĶ֡
ôҲһֱװԼΪֻǹĴΧˡ
ǵֺ֮ͻʵ
ϾΪ˽ǸѪأȻЩˣһο˴£Űǰ̽ǵĵϸľ߶ںЩĴĵϵӵܹ̽ʱǲòض죬Ŷһ١
׼ֵܻǵļҾȫȻǰΪֻһˣٶǣһ̵ʱץ㹻Ļ˺;ߣ㹻Ѫء
ȵǵֳˣʱǾȹ»УغʡϷһͳȻپٱĹҡʱ綼ǵĽ²
á
⻰Щ޲Ѫڡ
²˳٣ھͶ֣
Ҳһʱ
ԽæǣǺòײŻָɣΪף飬רΪ׼һϯ磬רŽ˼ʮѪҲ˳ǿþߵͷѪģԽһҪ顣
⻰Щһ㶣ѪʲôġϾǰҲˣ
ǺܿͷӦ˹ڶѾǹˣΪʲôҪ˵ʱʩϵĽأ
Ѿζ˸ղѪﳢѪζˣãֵġ
ܿ죬ԭտյĸ̨ϾͰӣ˼Ѽ⡣
һ𾴻һ
ϵ
þƹ
ԭΪҲˣ˭뵽أǾȻзһ졣
뵱Ҳǽһʿ
漴˵ˣһ䵱ķӣһڵܵЩ˵ĥʹ˷պԪƽۡ
ֻ˵ʱ򣬾ûˡ
ѽɨˣ
һֱӰѾƹϣǾƹϹ䵴˺üȦͣ
ԽˣҲЩɨˡ
Ǿû𣿡
һԵĺҲȴˣ˵⻹򵥣ְʹȥץϼʮϰٸ˻ʱһһߺȡ
á
ԽˣƴЦʱŪˮǽҲһµʢ
ˣҲŴЦã
ˣʹһȺ¾ŭ籼Żȥˡ
ʱյôӹ
ͷѹѹ컹нϡֻ˵ĳź֪طɫȻѾôˡ
Ͻ֮󣬷պҲһ⳵
ֱʱڳ׷Ӧ˹
ڲٵĹˡ
Ӧ˵ϾҪˡ
˵ȥꡮֵѾͻһǧڣ۶ʮڣоΪʮڡ
̰ģֻҪǼҵСƳСһģС
뵽̲סЦ
Ҫ̰ģʲô̰أ
ⲢҪģҪǣҪǰ붼ⷽ룬ȴˣһУΪգ
ֻһ㣬ǰäôͻȻôˣ
ֱֹˣ
뵽̲ס̧ͷ˸ʻϵķգҪʸ
Ȼ˵ڣ˾ͻȻһɲһͷײǰϣ
òֱ壬ۿѾˣ̲סʵʦô£
һ룬˾ɵֱӸǹĻǰ桢ǰʲô
ʶ˳Ŀ⿴ȥ
ֻǰĵ·ϿգУͻȻһźǺ͸һɵѪɫ֮иǺӰ
ҪǣǺƺڳڵķɹ
ǺӰٶȼ죬ںܿ죬͵˵߷Χ֮ڣȻǾؿͻȻֻ֣һֻץסһҪܵ·ˣһֻץסһڴˣ⼸ֻȫԱߵһ񷿵ǽڣһ룬ŮŮͱץ˳û·Ȼڰ¡
ҪǸƽʱ˾϶Ѿֻͳˣڡ
صɴ۾ŵϴ󣺡
ҲǺһ͡
˾ȷӦæҵذȰťỵ̂ӡ
οͷգǷģǹ˾ĳ⳵϶˸󷨣һĹָͻƲ˳ӵķʱӦǰȫġ
еĺȻҲǷ˳ĳ⳵ų⳵ǱӴܵӣһЦӡ
˵䣬ֱֻӽĻӸЩ£ȻǾͳ⳵ץ˹ȥ
һ룬ֱֱֻ͸˳˳
˾

ʶתͷ˾۾·˵˵õĳﲼ˸󷨣ʱǰȫأ
˾һҰףͼͣĲ˸󷨣һĹָͻƲ˳ӵķҪȻôҿҹ
˵ţˡ
ΪʶȻһĹͻƲ˳ӵķҲ˵ǰЩֲһ
Ȼһ룬Դķ˼ӵ˲ץ˹
˾һͣͬһʱ䣬ʻϵķֱץס½Ȼһ߿ץĹ֣һ߿ţ˾ֱӷ˳ȥ
Ҳڷպ˾ص˲䣬͵رһֻץק˳⳵
ŵСĳ⳵ٿצĹ֣Ժ֮˲ֻʣһ뷨Ǿˡ
ǵĺӲŸոտ˸ͷλûʵ֣Ҫ
뵽ֻʣһƬհס
֮ϣտûղֻΪǺţ̫ѡȾ˾
ֻһӷ˵ϣȻֱ֡
ͬһʱ䣬콣С
Ҳ콣ʱͻȻһס֡
һ⻮գץֻ֡
ȻǵⲢûֱնֻ֣˵ֻ֡
һ룬ָһɣֱӾ͵
ռ״æǰס
ӵźţøϹǿһĻʱһ
æ˹ȥû°ɣ
ֱ˷յ㡪
˲
գʶң
˵֪꣬ⲻǷϻ
һ߰һ˵ʲôʱ
ҪȻǿ֮һ飿
͸ƹڵĹײİһ
Ǻһҧгݵ˺Լҵӵܡ
ҲҼҵС̫ү
˵ܻǼС̫ү
ᶼ֪ǼҷµС̫үһͷڱ˻ˡ
գ
ȴ˵ǺԼҵӵܣкܶԼңǺ󻳳ϹϵģҲֻкͬΪĴ֮һԼˡ
˵Լǻһοͳġ
ûǸһ仨Ϊʥʵۣʮݣд˰ٰʮƪ蹦̵µµĻһοͳ
뵽ٿʱĿжʱһ˿Ȱ
Ͼ˭᲻ϲƨأ
Ȱ
ɵˡ
һһﻹΪǼС̫үС̫ˣ


253 
Ҳ, 
Ҳ˵ֻǸͨˣҽ궼ʮʮˣֻ˵µЩ, Ժζģڳ졭һ˻չձСʮС顪
ȻѾ飬ǿɲЩһ֪ѣֻ΢һ, ֪Щʮа˾Ŷˡ
Ϊʲôһҹ֮ЩعⷽյĲȫ˿, Ҳ֪ǻеЩΪֺ÷գԣ׼ȷ˵ΪֺǼС̫үġ
ҲΪˣǼС̫үֱһɫѬĵĻ
رһȭ
еˡ
Ϊ˼, ڻͲ÷ôš
֪Ҫȵз, ͸ĥһٹġ
һ, ÷ճԵͷ, йһйǵͷ֮ޡ
˵ʲôѾˡ
뵽, Ǹˡ
Ȼע⵽յЩԾ
ź֪طԼӦ̫, ڲ֪оȻЩ˵˳
ǣ
ͺˣ
ȻͷӦ˹ʲôε, εӦǷղŶԣ
Ͼ޳ֲܵ
뵽, վֱ, ֱ׳ֵ˷һۡ
գ
ûн͵ĻᣬΪʱ, 
Ǹ
ֱӾΪû뵽ԭڱصõ, ȻƤӵ, û뵽˵ˡ
Ҫ, ЩһﾹȻ溮ԣֱǳ裡
뵽ʲôʱЦˣãϾͨ˵ͷѪȵϾߵģ
ʶǸʲôĴӦһ룬Ϳ͵һ֣ţǼʮֻ˲ͬŵڵһ㣬ЮŴ̶ƿǼӶ
˲ͫһŷŭһȥ
˵ţͼеķ˷ǰ
ĩˣɱǣҲҪûǸ£
һǰ֧ԮЩ߼״Ҳ׷׼Լӭȥ
Ȼһ룬ϵͽסˣͼնЩ֣ǼþȫҲֻЩһͷ˺ۡ
ˣ˵ЩˡеէһЩֱཻӱִֻеļѵֿһֱ֮Ӿͱֳֻ˳ȥ
Ļ֪ܲǰĺһЩ˼ܲĶ֡
ԶԷпǹ
ǻĵ鱨ﲻ˵عֻһֻ
Ҿ˵ֻıһѳһ㲻뿪ءŸҴ˳
ֻôһ£
ȻѾǾЩʱˡ
ԮźȻҪӲӲߴ߳ʮӣǾͻϹˡ
Щߵ˵ǡ
⻰ֱЦˣӣûţ
˵ţ͵һЩ˲ЮŸҵľ磬ǵ˹˹ȥ
ǵֱӱЩִ˳ȥ
ɵǣɵˤ˸պý˾Ų·ߵķյĽűߡ
ɵǣǺͷĿԵ˲䣬Щµź䣡
䣡

Ǹһղſźݻʱ򣬻ΪأȻǸϺ
Ϻǣ
߳ŭֺݺݵص˷һۣʲôԶ㣬𵲵
˵ţὣȥ
գ
ܵõȷǻԶⲻͱ
ְ콣˻ȥȻ˾Ա߶˶㡣
ȻûãǾˤűߡ
ǣ
һѪɤۣô㣬˵ˣԶ㣬𵲵
˵꣬ὣȥ
һ룬ˤ˷սűߡ
ǣ
գ
һΣڣվѾʶȤش˾Զȥˡ
ǣ
ʱҪǻ֪ˣڹǰͣͰ׻ôˡ
۾˲ˣ˵Ҹƴˡ
⻰ЦˣôͷˣΪ漸أ
˵꣬һתһɭȻǶûˣȻҲûҪˡ
⻰еķŭ˲һɨգֻʣһĲ԰ס
ǰֻǹ
ԭΪЩ˼Ķ֣ƾǵʵӦܹϵԮĵǴӸղŵսʵֻ±еĻҪֲö࣬Ǳ˵סˣҪɱǶ׾ٵ顣
뵽͵һͷܣֿܣҸǶϺ󡪡
˵ţֱָеķȫ˳
Ȼ˵ЩѾˡ
Ϊһ룬һֻѾգͻϮǰ
ͫһֻ־Ѿ½󣬷·һ룬Ҫš
Ǻһ٣ʱҲ·һ̱ˣ˿ǰѪĹֿ֣˿ҫȺСԼľߣԺ˲ֻʣ֣Ǿˡ
Ŷʮꡣ
ûгΪһĸĴʦ
ûа֯һȰ˵ߵǸͷĻ˵
Ҫˡ
뵽ۿͻȻһȡ
֪ʱͻȻһϸ΢ƿ
ԽԽԽԽһ롪
ۣ
һָѾ̽ؿڵĹ˲Ͽ
صȴ˫ۡ
ȳζѪҺ漴
ǲЩѪҺ䵽ϣͬһʱ䣬һֻ͵ץס˺죬һӡ
Ťͷһ˴һ˲䣬ģ
Ȼ۾˲͵ɵøˡ
Ϊ˾ȻǷա
ȻؿڿյķתһΧЩһسǹĹ˲ͬڻؿϵֻһϳ롣
һ룬ȵ˵ϡ
Ҳ˾˽˸š
˶ǰһĻסˡ
Ҳ˲䰲
ǾЦ˵ôͷˣΪ漸أ

ǣ
⻰ɲ֮ǰϷˣǵʱ˵Ļ
Ҳ˵ղŷҲϷˣǡҪȻôΪʲôҪȵڲų֡
ԣӦǱŶԡ
֮ǰ˵ġӦĥһٹͷԵͷйһйǵͷ֮ޡĻ
ǣ
ôˣô˼һƽϣ
ԡ
ص
ص˾Ȼͷ
˵õͷֻǸͨأ
˵õͷֻǸʮʮͨأ
Ȼ׾ٵؾնû취ԸĹ֡ʵֹˡ
ΪҲʱ򣬺û뵽Ա߻һֻС󡣡
ãܺã⻹⼸ʮĵһΣ˵ҡ
ľȻˣҲѾһֹ
۸һƬɺ죺
˵ţЩϵ־ֳ˳Ȼǵһسŷչ˹ȥ
ǵͫʶʱһʧСġ
֪δ䣬յӰͻȻʧԭء
ţǰͻȻһӰ
롪
һ͵һ׹ĲӺֱӷ˼ҡ
Ȼ󣬷յӰֻصԭء
֮УǰֻֻΪ˻ҽЩյĹ֣Ǻûеڵϵġ۵ɵϴǲŵԴ
䣡
ҹĻͻȻһ磬˺ѳͬʱҲصڳ˵ͷϡ
һ㱵Ŀʧǰĺ
ôˣ
ղŻһĺôˣ
ɱǵĺôˣ
ǣ
Ҫ֪Ǹ
ԼĶϣƴȫҲһоɱһ
ôţһ͵תͷԱߵ㡢ôţƣ֪𣿡

治֪
ЩСȷӦ˹
ɱˡ
ܰ
˵꣬ź;ҵĶŷʮţԶȥ
ǵ˼״ʱͼˣ죬ˣץߵЩͨ˻أ
ǣڶأû취ȥ׷ɱЩ֡
յҪ׷ȥȻͣ˽Ų
ǿǼʮֻһǳŲͬķӵģô׷
Ͼ뵽һ⡣
ʵޣ׷콣԰
Ͼɽһɡ
Էյ콣˵ˣʣµľͶˡ
콣˶Сһ׮
һ룬ǵ˾Ϳֱӻһ⣬ź
˲䣬ֻһĲҽУɢֱӵ·ˮ
ֳһź
һĻǵˣ
û뵽ͷĽҲô
һ˵һ
̲ס࿴ѾҪʧǵе콣һۣȻԼͬؿԼеķ
ҲһѳķˣҲѧԼնħˣ
Щ
ƨԣ


254 
Ȼһ, ûʲô
տ˿ǵˣֿ˿ˮƴЩͨˣջǾףȰǶȥҽԺ˵
Ҳ˵عǱ, Խ˷ֺһȥصʱǸʲôӦ, ֻ˵ߡ
ʱأ
Ϊһ춼ûԼΪʲôһͷڱ˻Ļ
֮ǰǲˡ
ӵ塢硢ɩʦֶ֡ӡֶӡĵ绰ʱ, ûҽӡ
Ϊ˵ֻǻȥ, ˳Ķʰһ´ⶼ쵽ҹˣûл
󻳶Ҫǲ·ˡ
Ȼ͸ŭˡ
Ҳ׼ȥҷ˵ʱμ˾ͻȻ绰˵Ϯˡ
˵ʲô
ڻ·˲վֱ塣
æ˵үǼʱϵ, ȡûˡ
󻳶ʱһ
뵽ʲô͵ؾ˼, ͷһ𣿡
أӦǵġ
֮ô˵, ΪֻһЩϢ, ˵ǶǱй, ֶʱҲڳ, ȻȲظ󻳴绰ϾһѵĻᡣ
Ǳߵľ, ʵҲ̫
˵Ǽʱϵ˷յ, ǶЩϢԼܽġΪ, һͨˣ˹, ȴһ¶û, , 󲿷ֶ, ԲǾ˷, ʲô
⻰󻳶ʱסˡ
ΪҲ֪һЩɩһϷգ÷հܻ
֪ҪǺͷˣô۸ա
뵽˲θʲôط
أڵڶҽԺҽơ
˵꣬󻳾ֱӹҶ˵绰Ȼ˳ȥ
Ĵߴ£˾ܿٶȰ͵˵ڶҽԺ
Ȼֱҽȥˡ
ҽǹרΪӶľõĿңΪЩ߳սڵֵֿĵһߣǳе顣
Ϊ˱Щ˵ľߵİȫļҽԺҽƶϸĴʩ
Լ㲻ټѾϵˣҲֻʵʵĵš
󻳹æóһ
˵ǣֱӾͳ˽ȥ
ʱҽڸǵ˰˿ڡ
һȺĴĵϵӵܶԱ߿ţǸʱ򿴵ĲǣǷա
Ϊս֮ûãǾ͸ϵˡ
ȻǾʹǵ˿֪ȥ
ȻҲˡ
Ҳʳ˺ǵһ⡪
˵õͷֻǸͨأ
˵õͷֻǸʮͨأ
Ȼһоɱһ
ڳУѵľǸ⳵˾ˡ
Ϊʲô֪뷨ֻһǾǷվ
ѷŵ˵ľ߽ҽԱ֮󣬾Χŷתǵ̣ǵ裬ˮġ
Ǵȥġû˵ľ߼ˣҲӦ˹Ҳȥ
󻳳ʱ򣬿ľǷһ裬һģԱһȺ죬׻һڸȵĳ桭
ﶼǷգ￴üЩͳ˹ȥ
̲ס𴽽ǣеĲˮ͵ģվȻ󻳱˸
°һ飺ûôɣ
֮ͷӦ˹
͸ղǸķգǱѵӡ
뵽ʶתͷڳˡ
ڳˣ
ﲻһ
ԭе㵣ķգΪ㷽պ֮ĸģ󻳿ҵС̫үֻһͨ˶ѣرݣע˷θƵһ
ԭѾĥŵȵʤ䷽֮Ҫնٹɷݣڱ֮Ҳһݰļҵˡ
ȻˣĴ㡣
ʵ֤ȷˡ
ֲɵ֮ǰһնɱǸԼǵ˵ķӦУܿյʵԲͣĴҲС
Ȼ֪ΪʲôͻȻô
ⲢҪҪڵķպӦǰˡ
ڿպ֮ĸӦҲģϾ󻳸ոճʱϵĵüٵġ
֮ǰϴЩ
̲סȥ룬ȻôĻʲôĶҲαض˼أ
ĵģϣĵ׵ƽص˷ߡ
뵽̲ס¶һĨЦ⡣
ˣһԵĴĵϵӵȴըˡ
ǵ۾ݺݵضŷ§ϵϣͲѡִҼС̫үÿĻˡ
ˣ˵ˡ
˿¡ķգֿ˿ڰ˿ڵԼڵĵطڴԱߣ󻳽֮󣬾ȻûһֱۣӾͳ˷ա
ֱӾίغ˳С̫ү𣿡
һ벻ע⵽ǵ߶ѡ
ʶͷյжܡ
󻳣
ۣ
Ķ˲ͺˡ
Ȼæƿ˷ա
ֻ̫СûƶգǷɿ˿ϵ֣վֱ塣
ô죬ֻܼװ·
ǳѵЩһﻹЦ
һ˵ôˣ
ǵ˿ڣҽæ˵Ҫһϵ˿ھ͸ˡ
ʵ봵ǵʵף˿ڶϵô졣
ǣ󻳣
תͷǣ·˵ʲôίģ
ǣ
ýſٳһׯ԰⡣
ͺܶ
ⱲӾûô
һ뵽֮ǰշ飬ˡ
Ȼһת
УֻǱҲ̫ƽˣ
԰ѷʵǿ
뵽۾ʱˣ
ЩĴĵϵӵȴǷӦ˹
󻳸ղ˵ʲôţûôɣ
ô𼱻ǵĸϹΪΪѷգ
Ƕʱˡ
𡭡
ǡˣ
ϾԭĴðŭ󻳵ķգҲҪͷյġ
ܹ
˭õʱķôأ
ȻƳΪǲܽһλС̫̲Ǻ
ȵȡ
ûмǴĻոǼС̫ү˽˷ջ
ʲô£ǼС̫ү˽ջ
ЩĴĵϵӵܣ
ԷҪĸʲôǵС̫̣ǵС̫
⻹С̫أ
ϾԼҵ˱˼ҵϰײ˰ӣͱ˼ҵǼҵˮĴײˣһ
Ƕʱŭˣֻ޲õѷմǺ򲻹ա
Ͼտһһ
ϹֻǱһǺ«
뵽ڳЩĴĵϵӵܣ
ͺƣ
˵ô֪
󻳿϶֪ġ
ҪȻô͵ϣôûѡУƫƫѡ˷ôһͷء
ǵ˵Ҿ˵ǼС̫үôµһˣôأ
ҪϣΪʲôҪճԲ裬ָأ
뵽ڳЩĴĵϵӵܵ˲ͺ˲١
Ϊһֵø˵ˡ
ǣС̫үǲ֪ϡһλˣ
⻰ڳЩĴĵϵӵܷ׷תͷ󻳡
󻳣ʲôˣ
ǵˣ
󻳻Ͳ֪
ô֪ܲأ
ʶʵǵϣΪʲôѡ
ҲʶػصҲ֪ܲΪҵ̫ˣ̰ͼͷɫԼʳ˰ɣ
գ
ǵˣ
ɱɣ
Ӧ󻳣
ۣ
˲ȫˡ
ôԼﻰ˵ˣǵôС棿
ӣǶˣ
뵽̲סԱվվ
ͷӵĴԶ׼û
ܲ²룬Ƥɺˣվ˹ȥ˳ס󻳵֣ǹڸʲôþöģϾܱЩĸ̥ҪǿȻˣûʵĻвҶĳ⡣
Щĸ̥Ĵġʧɾͽߡϵӵܣ
Ҳɣ
̲ס˶䡣
ոշ˵ʲôţǹڸ
󻳣
͡˲Ļŭŵĸо
ʲôþء
ϲգҲϲ
ʴӱ졭츳ֱһ԰
һʱ֮䣬յ֡
һĻЩĴĵϵӵԺֻʣһ仰ǾǣˣǼС̫үҪҰˡ


255 
ǵһ, һ߿ʼӴȵعߵ״ʱһߣΪᶼ֪˷պ󻳵Ĺϵ, Ǳ߽䷽ϵݽʼ˵ʱ, ʼֵͼӰǰѴ֤ˡ
˴֤ϾͿʽˡ
Ϊ˴ϵ֪, ںͳһ֮, ϾЩԤԭġʤϵѵ֮ͬ, ֱӷ°ġʤһšϡ
°ġʤһš, ҲעعЧһ䷽ϣɱԭġʤۼ۲࣬Ծ°ġʤһšԭġʤҲǿһЩ˷ѡ
ȻǾըˡ

ô£˵䷽ôôѺȣ
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Ѱ·ɧҴûм
׵, ǼҵĿͷ˵°ʤһ, δۼۻԭıҲŻӦġ
, Һ⼸Ҷûд򿪹, ûܽӵʤĿͷϢ, ȻǻǸҷԭġʤ, Ѫ׬

ȶԽԽߣԽԽԼҪȶȵĲ˽һ²ʤһɧ
ǵϣˡ
ԴˣһЩ֪ѣ
ô¶ôڲŷ
ʤĸӣû˵
ˣ֮ǰҲϹѣΪʲôˡ
һˡ
ҺµˡʤĴˣʵѺȵϵͷȻҪȶȵupͲȥѵĺոһ²ˣΪǿЩƵ֮󣬲ǳںĻǳ˵пܻȥһЩ
ˣ̤̤ʵʵϲ𣬷ҪЩڵĶ𣿡

Ȼڶ졣
һƿһڣӵˡ˷ѣζĺȲȥ
һڶûȣԣ׼ȷ˵Ǻһ֮󣬾ӵˡ
ϵЩʵҲ
ǰŨŨҩζеǽĩӽζʮûϴһֱϴŵĳӵζؼζܸһòɢֱӸҰɣʤзܲõ·аħ
ʵˣѺȵϣ߲ˮҪѺȣڣ˺
ҺáʤеģŻڼ䣬ԭ桮ʤļ۸ҪȻҲֻڣһ
ҾͲڣΪҰʣµ䶼͸ҵϰˣôţЩôѺȣ϶ҲǻűӺȥġ
¥ͲϰԺ㴩СЬ𣿡
ʾһ㶼ϾҪְˣΪǾԲ֪ϰжţϰ˵Ĺ˾˵ʲôҲ๤ҪЩԱɨ칫ԻΪ˶ǵĶ
мӰϰŷ⻹ڹ˾ȱǮ£ǶôΪ˶׬Ϣ
ʲôƹһ̨С¾Ͳ˵ˡ
ˣ˵ǿܲţ⻹һҴʮϹ˾
ƹ˾Ȼܴʮꣿ
û취ϰƴÿӰӵ賿ʮͺˣһʮ˯ڹ˾˵ȥĺɫ˹˹ڼﶼѾɻɫˡ
ƹ˾Ȼ̵ڲŴְ
û취ҽվ͵ˣҲܲˡ

ǵϣ˫ˡ
ԴˣЩ֪ѣ
ûû˻
ҵŰɣ˳ɲŸոտ˸ͷء

죬ϵķͷ˱仯

˵ĺ¹һƿʤһš𣿡

ǹʺһζȵȥ
˵𣬺һڣӵˡ
ҲǺһڣͺȲȥˣҪӵʱҰֿˣ˱ȽϽڼһ֮󣬾ҪƿùȥˣҲ˼ҰֺʣµϣԼȥˡ
ȵʱˣҵֱӾһ磬Ȼֱһ˯˴֪кصʧ֮߰ǰѾüû˯ˡ
㻳ǡʤһšκʧߣ
ҡʤһԵĹ𣿡
ûһʼҲܻɣһ£Ȼҽһ˯˴ϰٵ
ǿ֪֮ܲǰҲԹͨ˶ƣ͸Уʧߣǽ⣬Ǻʤ֮ȴɹˡ
Ҳ֪ʱ̫̣ûʲô˵Ҿһûⷽĸо
ңȻҲʧߣǺһƿʤһš֮Ҳһ硣
һ磿еѽǡҲ̶Ȱɣ治ʲôüӵĶɣ
˰ɣͷƷô˷ܼ²ˡ
ʤ䷽֮ѺȵġʤһšܺõĶȥʮа˾ˡ
һʼҲôõģһǵֵסĵ׵ĺģҸոռһͨİ࣬ǿŶİʣµǴƿϺȹˡȻ׼ع˾ϰࡣ

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ʤһšû⹦ЧҲ֪Һ֪ҰֵѪѹΪʲôͻȻͽһˡģүүϸ²ˣúأҰ֮⣬үүΣҼֱȽòȫҽҩѣүүһ֮ȥˣҰְһ֮£ѪѹҲˡ
Ǿ仰ҼұȽҰҲ̫ѸѪѹһ£ƽʱҲǼɸڣȻѪѹԼȥ
һΣΪҰһֱʲĵ׵ǿżһµĿڣѪѹûнȥ
ƫƫǸʳߣھӼҵСǰһġʤһšΪȣ͸ƿûסͺһƿ
Һ֪֮󣬲ûһƿȥѪѹߣʲô󲡳
û뵽һѪѹѪѹȻһ㡭ȥ򼸼ʤһŴš

ǵϣ˫ˡ
ԴˣЩ֪ѣ
Ҿ˵ⳡŸոտ˸ͷɡ
ǳʱҲ΢һǵ̡Чȡãʧߡ׳Ѫѹôɴ˵ǵ䷽Ǹݲأ
Щʮа˾Ŷˮ
ʮа˾Щ˾Զˮ

ﶼʼһˣѵЩˮ
ǲֻ䷽ĹЧͿڸ
ʵ֤ǵȷģʤһšѾõ֤
ôһչû뵽ġ
ҪǼǵǸûǸǮȥˮҲˡ
뵽ͳתͷգ壬䷽ЩЧ
գ
䷽ʱΪʡ£ȷǲοһ²䷽
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⻰ͳ۾˲ˡ
ϣΪЩ۵ԵʣԽԽ˿ʼ̽ˡʤһšĹЧ
ܳȻҵĴʤһšʧߵĹЧΪ֤ҵĲ²û֮󣬾ͬ˶ʮʧ֢ߣȻһȵʤʮˣʮĸ˶ɹ˯ˡ
ps.ǵڶʱ򣬷ζеš
ܺã쿪ʼѡʤһšˮȣϲζֻ˵׳Ҳϣܹ׳ȿȣޣҪ
ҰֺһƿʤԲۣѪѹĽһ㰦
費Ѫѹˣѳȥ㳡ëҲˡ
⡭Ҳܽ䣿
ǿɲˣʤһšǹζǸ˶ܲˣ֮ȥ㳡裬һһζЩܵȻʵʵڼˡ
û뵽ʤһšȻ⹦Ч
ֹ˼졣
ٲٲ٣ʤһš׳֪ôҽǿվˡ
ʮźôġʤһš֮Ҳûʧˡ
ҡջûдְˣǰǸ˵ϰŵ¥

û취ϰһ䡮ʤһšΪû뵽ʤһšЩĹЧȻΪЩΪã͸Ҽнˡͣ㣡
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нҪԭ򣬱ϾṩһôõѹեԱİ취
ݣ

˵ˣھȥϼʮġʤһš

ԲۣʤһšǼˣ
ˣʤĿͷ˵ʤһšδۼۻԭı
Һˣ֮ǰʤĿͷҷϢҪҪʱΪʲôڣյԭģѪ
Ȼ˫ˡ
һΣЩǴ֤ġ
ǲһֱܺ棬ʤһŵĹЧжǿ
רȥʤһ˸⡣
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1
֮ǣʤһŵĹЧǹĳƹϵΪûйЩƹϵݣʱû취ĽжԱȡ
ΪϵǿЧMЩҸǹҵĹϳڵ
ϾڿǾӵıرʡ

ҷ·ѾˡʤһšݺṦҵһĻˡ
ʤһšζȻ⣬ǺҲǲܽˡ
˵ʤһšζ˵Щѡֻ᲻ּƿʤһšȻǵĴһɳӵζ
лˡ
yue
ЩҪģҪ̽ġʤһšĹЧٴʵ󲿷ģȻѧϲûмЩҩɷ֣ҵһѸһĽͣǾǡʤһš̺ĳƹϵֹЩ֮󣬿۵Ҫ֮ʣµĲֻԷڵļ
ʤһŵĹЧֹĳƹϵ
ʮ˰ɣ
ٿʤһšۼۣȻĳƹϻҪǮ



ЩɲЩԹѷģЩ֪ѷġ
ô¶ôڲŷ
磬ĹƱӦͣ
ЩСĹƱ˲һƬ޳һš


256 
Щ, ˵ЩĹɶˡ
ϣλھãƻͨ
ϰĹɶ͸߲, ظڶ¥Ļ
ֻһʱ, ֵһٶʮڡ
⻹ֻһʼ
ϯ̨, ζ³쾭ҵһصһжΪڼǰСƷơ
˵䣬˶ĴĻϾͷųˡʤһšͼƬ, Լʤеϡ
⻰, ЩӼѾסˣֻ֪һ, Ǿνġʤһš, ĹЧǡʮ𣿡
쾭ҵ˵ġ
˵, ϶Ǽһ浹ĹڦѾ˿ʼһơˡ
ԭܼ򵥣ΪɱʵߣҲͱͨϵۼ΢һ㣬ǡۼȴͨϵۼ۵屶
ֹǱ
ûһ㹥ڦ
Ϊ˲֪ɱ, ǻЧǿĹ, û֮һ
οϵļ۸ձƫߡ
һˣʤһšճЧʮ۸񻹱ԪǮ
Ҫ, ǰ껹ԾӪΪɣڱʡشֺʱ, ֻһʼֵ̫ߵ, ºȴǰ, 㾭Ӫ, ڹѵʱҲԸҧسǮ֧ԮҵҲ˷˳
ټ˵ʮа˾ǰǸƲЩϵĳҡ
ǿɲը
Ϊ˵ĹģʤļʮֹԼߵĹЧ൱£ĳɱҲӦñȡʤһšͲŶԡ
ڡʤһšĹЧǡʮۼȴȡҪˣȴʱԼӪƣȻϵۼۻ߼ϵķ
䣡
⻰϶ʱһƬȻ
ڸô죿
ȥƲǳ顣


쾭ҵòײס˳档
ɫܲÿЩɶĲԸ˷ʱͿˮٿⳡġ
˵ʤƷƣϷԭʤ䷽ڶʮʱзġ
ֻһ㣬һϷڹһž˵츳ΪϯѧټзܲúʽڶʮʱܹŶзһƵĹ䷽
ֻϧǣϷ򸾺μ׳֦ΪǶǻˣμһֱǻġ˼ҡ
û꣬Ϸ򸾾Ϊ˾μҵıүһʵ¹
뵽쾭ҵɫЩ̫ÿ
Ȼż˵ûϷȥˣʤûзչ
ҪȻҲͲнĻԻˡ
Ϸ򸾵ŮʤĻˣΪʱҲһСӣʮʤûʲôķչ
쾭ҵһǰģȻǧְ취Ըǡ
ǧְ취ʲô취Ȼġ
һΣôô侮ʯ
һΣǲǰԸֵķȥԸʤ
˵䣬쾭ҵĴĻһ䣬Ա߷յƬ󻳵Ƭֱӵ˳ռĻ
ΪıĴ֮׵ҵС̫ү󻳡
ھʤ䷽Ҳп󻳸ġ
ҪȻһûбҵĴѧôõóôõ䷽
⻰ڳ˶Ĭˡ
ΪĴ岻ǵġ
ͬ󻳱ӵʤȻҲܵġ
ЩԼĵ̲סվڸô죿
Ҫ֪ŵЩĹƱռǴҡ
뵽ʲôһ˵ϯ̨ϵϯѧټзܲúʽܣз̵ܲʱзһܹʤһšĹϣ
ʽˣɫҲѿĲС
ΪҪⱾ£ĹƱͲֱӵͣҲͲˡ
ĻֱڽĶ̡
˭ʻĹɶﲻأֻǿŭ˵
ҿȷ˵ʤһšĹЧMMϻҪǿ󡣡
ʮ֮ڣڶзȡʤһšҪõĹϡ
⻰˶ʱһȻ
һ˵ʤһšѹѾ˶֡ȻʤֻһСұݻǵѾǱȻˡ
ڳĸ̳˼ʮ˾֪Ѿؾʱǵ˶βľȻˣۣ߶гתеͶгһǻܱס
ôǵǵͶҲջʮֹˡ
ǻδ䣬˷ΣΪʤƷΪʲôСʤһšΪǻСʤšʤš
˵ţתͷˣҵһѾڻʼֹҲ֪ô˵ʤšĹЧһ㣬ǿڸиϵͨϲ࣬ʤšڸвѣǹЧ͡࡭
Ļû˵꣬ʧ˵һ䷽ѹ䷽Ͷ䷽ĻȫԳ۳жг͵Ͷгʤ¢ҵ
ô죿
϶ʱ
ЩɶҲ֪黹͹ֲͷȥϾ˭Ҳû뵽ʤͻȻճǻɽ
ԣǻг·ģ硪˹ɣ
һٻһʧ
뵽˶СظԱߵ
ڳ˲Ͱ˲١
ǿһĻ쾭ҵüͷûɿĸˡ
ΪҲ֪Щ˴ʲô⡣
һ˹ɣɾˡ
˺ķʮѪڴһƾᣬΣܵ
뵽쾭ҵ˵Ȼû취ʤǿԸʤ
ʲô
⻰еĹɶסˡ
ʤ
ʤôܴӦ
Ҫ֪ʤ󻳵ķ֣ȱԴ
෴ʤҪǺĻȻǰڿܻȽʡģҲζǽ뽫һָǵĻǿ϶ǲӦġ
Ȼ쾭ҵ˵Ӧġ
ΪξӪһҴ˾ǺĻṩֳɵߺҪǣϷ򸾵ȵ˾ҵСӡ
ʲô
Щɶ
ǰôû˵
쾭ҵ˵˵Щæŷչûô˵
ô꣬ǼҷڶרŸ׼ͳ꣬ʱҵŮشμҺĹϵӦûӦġ
Ͼһ˫Ӯ顣
⻰Щɶ̲סֱ塣
ΪҲ֪Ҫܹʤɺ̶ܴ˳˵ܿʤ䷽һ¥
뵽ǲŲ쾭ҵ˵ÿڶרŸ׼ĻǼ٣æ˵ֱٺòˡ
Ҫ鷳춭³һˡ

ʱ˹ɵͷ쾭ҵ˶ʱһ
ֻһ룬ǵüͷ
Ϊڤڤ֮Уһ²˵ô׾ͱ˵ֱ
Ѿûѡˡ
Ϊ˱ǻǻؽһλҳϳ谮ӣʱһȥ˵ա
ڶһ磬Ǿͷȥ˻С
֪˵⣬ֻԥ˼ӣʹӦˡ
ϾμҵףҺúõģμҡǶ˵ҲһݲС
쾭ҵʱֻɵЦء
֪ǲҵĴ˼ġʤһš֮ҾȻҲûôѺˡ

¥ϲȥĸȦϧˡ
ʮУû򵽡ʤһšʧ֢ѪѹͷͺX߿ˡ
һʱ֮Ҳ֪Ǹ¥û򵽡ʤһšǸ¥ϵôಡ
ˡԣѪʤ
Ҿһ㶼еˡ



ͷMô𣿡
ޣ˵ʲôأΪ֪ʤǳ飬ڸΪϵĶعЧԸڹϸ»֮󣬾ͽսԴ֮УһЩMΪ׵ңǽϷ˽ֹڵ¼Ƿ˭Ĳ
ڡ˵õĹϡMMϵĹЧȡʤһšҪһء
˵ҽ᲻Ҳơʤһšڣ

MϵĹЧȡʤһšҪһأļٵģ
⻹˵𣬵ȻˣϾҿɴû˵ЩϻβĹЧ
ԲۣԼĶȽƲңҵĶȽԻƲˡ
ʲôˮתԣģҪġ
үҲˣ
ܲЦ
Ҳʱֻˣ绰شģ˵ҪݷǶѾſˡ
ϵЦ˲͵ˡ
ǽˡ
ϾֲЦˡ
쾭ҵǴŴСģ֮⣬һ˹
˻ˡμصĹ¡
һͿһϣȻͨһֱӹ˵ϡ
һֱվǡ
ȻǸһʹС㣬ҴˣҲñϣ͵͵ô͸


257 
ʲô
һ˲
ص˵С, 㻹ǵ㸸ĸôȥ𣿡
ʶΪ˾μҵıүģ
쾭ҵ˵ĸȵľҵСӡ
ˣüͷһ壺ǰ
һʲôģ˲ͲµͻȻͼˡ
Ȼüͷʱø,
Ȼ쾭ҵ̾˵̫, Ϊһȥˡ
һüͷҲ˲ɿˡ
˼ڰ
һĻ쾭ҵʱһ
ǸС磬ҪȻ黹Ͳճˡ
ϾҲ֪ǸСҪǻ, Ǽʵˡ
쾭ҵΪ, ټЩæڹȻˡ
˵һԭǡ
״ʶԱ߶˶㡣
ڣһԵؾ˵ȻˣϷȴûǹ㣬ֻΪЩ꾫״̬̫, Ҳû, Щڵʱʵһֱ˸׼񡭡
˵, ȻһĨŭ, ȻָŹڵϵĹ˵û뵽, ЩһԼμصĹ£ȻϷ͸ﶼˡ
üͷ
أҰ, ô
˵, ˶٣ǱҲԣù˼μҵ, ͵Ĳǧ, 㹻Ժһͽˡ
⻰, ɫһףҪǰȥССҴˣ֪ˣǰûп㣬㻹ҿųķϣĹһΰɡ
״æˡ
شЩʱסû˵
ﲻһ
쾭ҵص˵ΪСˣæǲŻˣǵȷпԭοСӵĸĸֲ
쾭ҵȻˣӲûÿ궼и׼ֵܼߴǧֻû뵽Щﶼ͵ˡ
ﻹ治ùﵽͷϡ
뵽ֱӾͳĬˡ
˵ˣغ쾭ҵжʱ󶨡
ΪȻǵĻˡ
쾭ҵ˵Ϊʲôּˣ˵ʵ
һ̹ϣӦ֪ʲôİɣ
ﻹû˵
쾭ҵֱ˵ҵĲҵʤһš֮󣬳ľ
ȻҪʤˣȻǾͲ鵽
˵쾭ҵвûа㱧ԹЦˣžԵְɣȻ֮仹Ľ飬ȻͲһľϵ
תһ룬ȻǲǵжԹϵΪʲôܺء
Խ˵ԽʤȻӵɽģСӲˣȱľǹˡ
һг߰˸ʤء
˵Сأ
δ䣬һԵɹ͸ЦٺòˣС̫ү׼ˣҵĹͣҪܹɺԺ˭Ʋա
ʶתͷɹ⡣
صܵλҵĵϵӵܣɹү
Ҳ˵Сأ
ֻ˵⻰ʱ򣬲쾭ҵ˶һЦ⡣
ȻǶѾƶӦ׮ˡ
ϾʤҪǺԾǰһ
οɹĻֱٳ㲻ˣΪﻰ⣬޲˵ݵ΢Ӽ߰ߣ䲻󻳣飬ô˲ǰա
Ҫǣɹⶼѻ˵ˣôҾܾ
ϾɹҵĵϵӵܣҪǵɹ⣬Ʊػա
ôѡõŻ
֪һ룬˵Ҿòô
ʲô
صϵֱӾͽסˡ
ȴЦˣ壬أټҵȷǸûбҵĴѧҿɲǸɵӡ
˵ˣǰһ㱻ǼƵɨء
οǲǵЩ˵Щ𣿡
ָǸ£ǰҲƳģȻԼժ˸ɸɾ
飬һο⣬λ𣿡
⻹ֻһ
ϸǸղ˵ĻʲôǱҲԣù˼μҵ͵Ĳǧ㹻ԺһͽˡǧϵΪ˰ʾѾܺˣҶҵĲ𣿡
˵Ųù˼μҵʵȴι飬Ǵҿ϶ᱻ˵֮ģŵ𣿡
һǲѴ֮ܰҹȥˣһ֪ͼĺû˵̱Ǵĸˣ
ʵϣһʼûע⵽Щϸڡ
ֱɹ˵ˡ
ﻰ˼ôԣô
ʱʶľҪͬˣȻͻȻͷӦ˹
Ǿոʲôа
ʲôλνҵϵӵܵģ
Ȼֱתͷɹ⣺壬ôĴĵϵӵǰҲÿͿغһЩ֪ҵĵϵӵ𣿡
ȻҲ֪ΪʲôϷһ㶼ûдȥ˻ΪС
ɹҵĵϵӵܵĻ֪ܲЩϾЩĴĵϵӵܲԼˡ
ɹ˲ͷӦ˹
ʵϣүүֻĳϣ治ʲôҵĵϵӵܣ֮ԳҵĵϵӵܣԼѡ
ֻǰηүү֪࣬ҲҽҴˡ
һűǼС̫үĴȲıȻҲҵڳ
ҧгݵ˵ʲô˵һ飿
̲סһۣ㻹Ǹͷðƻѡ
ɹ۾˲ͺˣֱ֣˹ȥ
ʱͱסˣôҲû뵽ɹ⾹ȻһԲϾҪ֣һȥһ˵Ҳ˵˼滰Ҷ֣
Ͳ֪֮鷳𣿡
ı÷סɹɲ֪⻰ɹĶ˼ɲͳգʱһȥ󻳵ͷ磬ʰ
⻰ɹֱӾͽ˰С
ȻԽŭΪôҲû뵽ﾹȻôֱ׳ѹ
ƫƫڻͲô
ֻҪȷӦóֻ˵ҹҪȻھ͸绰
ˡ
ǰΪԼӲԾ֪μӻˮҲܸƲϵ
зճʲôµġ
뵽תͷ쾭ҵˣҲٰ˵ģôһֱûҸĸĶ飬ҲǺģΪһ׬һߺžӪƣȻΪʵ̫ˡ
⻰òײŷӦ쾭ҵصҲѿˡ
ôҲû뵽ﾹȻĸҾܾǣ
ƫƫǸٵݻҷһ䡣
ֻҧ˵ߣ
ǻصμլǾͲټɵЩˡ
ؽӹŮӶĲˮһڣ̲סϺݺһңˣǸСˡ
󻳳𡣡
Űɣȵյʱ򣬾ǵڡ

쾭ҵѿڶ֪꣬Ǿ͸ðնݳŶԡ
ֻ˵꣬ԾʧԣȻֱӸĿڵ˵Щʲôã֮ڵľ桪
صֱӾͳĬˡ
ôȣ
ﶼѾųǺˡ
ڻɹ⡪
ΪɹģȴһܲҲ
Ҫ֪ɹղߵʱ򣬿һɫûиǡ
ڸô죿
Ҳʱ쾭ҵĵ绰ˡ
绰Ȼɹġ
쾭ҵæͨ˵绰һ룬۾ˣ˵ʲôĴļλ϶ˣΪǲͬ󻳡С̫үյ飬ԾϧһдҲҪǣ
⻰ص۾ҲˣȻЦˡ
󻳳ôĴĴ϶ˣ󻳾뻤ҲΪˡ
ϾҲһˣôֵùĴ塣
ʱǻЦЦó
ɹҲڰСʱǰӵүүĵ绰ǧźЩϡ
ûа취ʰء
һӵЩϣͰѸղŷͼӴ׵˵һ飬󻳳һӡ
ȻˣܸǣҵǮҪұǺԼѳԼҵϵӵȣֻ˵˵󻳵ɷ򣬾ĴĵϵӵǰҲʵʵغһ̡̫
Ȼ⻰Щϵɫʱͺˣƣơ
󻳽ô䷽͸ֶҲˣھȻݵֶ޷죬۸Լͷˡ
Ҵϵ˵Ÿʲô˴绰ǣǲҪʲô˼ɣǰǸʲôʤķͷݺݵѹȥҪ󻳿ǣǸǳš

ɹˣ˷ܵǡ
һߣ˵λ϶˹ѾԷ˵ЩĴĵϵӵܣ
뿴Ϊ׵ǡ
ΪȰѷΪϢŵģһ
ǣ
棨꣩󣨶ӣˣ


258 
Ե, յǵ¾ˡ
Ϊ¶ճԺζȫڳ졭ĻģָĿ˵ЩϢǶ׫ЩUPֶĿˡ
Լ¶Щ鶼ģֻǺΪܵһЩ˵в, ŲòĿ˵ЩϢǶ׫ġ
Ȼֱӷų˵һξԲٸĿ, Ҫҥͷ̰Ļȥ档
ַųһµ֤, ȥ¶ĳĲʱƵԼҹľԼָ֤֤ǿƵ

ʲô
عⶼôٻعģ
Լ¶Щ鶼ģֻǺΪܵһЩ˵вŲòĿڡ
һЩˣ
ֱӱյ֤Ų͵𣿡
ȻˣǲҲԻ, ǵ֮Դյǵ¶, ͻȻͬһʱĿ, ҲһЩ˵Ǯ
⻹ûҪȻͬӣܱЩһһľ²˻Ҫ룿
֮, ٸĻͰǵˣ£

صѵص㲻Ӧ˵Ǿ䡮һξԲٸĿڣҪҥͷ̰Ļ, ȥ桯𣿡
ټЩµ֤, ˵Щʮа˾ˣ
ҪȻǸҷųĺݻ
٣
ȻЩ, ǵΪʲôҪվվ̨
Ŷ
, ǾͲ֪˰ɣ
¥ϱˣӺӶҪˡ
аɣҾֱӸǰ, ˵ĳõĴĴ, ҪȻΪ, һɽʤ, оôţƵĹϵ䷽
á뵽յ͡Һˡ
Ҳˣ˲伦Ƥˡ
ѹֵЩų֤ô࣬ûܰմ
Ҳ˵䷽ʮа˾žǸõĴģ
֪֪նĻ£ΪʲôҪվվ̨˰ɣ
⻹˵ʮа˾Ϊ˸չٻĺ£
ŻҺòײŰڣ̲סˣ
ˣΪ˵ĵҲ˵ʱϾͻĳһˢҵۡ
֮ǰΪǱģȻΪȥ˺üʤ
һ˵һʵǲģϾʤһšĹЧţơ
Ҳǡ
үǲƽʲôèܶˡ

ȵȣˣ
֮ǰĽѵǻûȡ
ǾͲһֱˣ
תôˣһͲҵһֱôһλܷת
ҪǣһҪʰյԱյĽҪҪȻЩϴôʱ䣬ȶȻԽԽߣֶһǾԲٷˡ
ǻʲôԥģҪֶබǹҵĹ֪ǵĹʾĳһЦˣ
Եգʤ
գʤ

ȵȣʤͲõˡ

˵ʲôϾʤһšĹЧôãû˶ϧ
أأΪ㵱˵ģΪֶ߹ģ
Ϊ̫ûеߵˣһƬ
ȵȣҲ˼ҵ˼ǻʼָոշһͨ棬˵Ǵʤһ˲ɷ֣ҵʤ걨²Ʒ֤̲Ϲ涨ʤֹͣʤһšٻеĲƷ



ͫ׵𣡡
ļٵġԣȻģΪʼַҲˡ

٣Ҿ˵һƿٳĹϣôôĹЧԭǼ
Ǹʲôĳɷֲʲôɣ
٣ھʹҰȥҽԺ飬ҪĲʲôëʤû꣡

ã
ϼһ浹ֶغ쾭ҵȫЦ
ظǵⲻѣתͷ쾭ҵˣҾ˵ʰһܱӵ϶ѣһо͹ˡ
쾭ҵһĴֶָΣ߳һ
˵꣬ǾͲԼͬؾеľƱ
ӣǵҪֶô
һߣȻѾˡ
ôҲû뵽ֻǹ˲һʱ䣬ͷ츲صı仯
һʼַ棬Ҫǻ֪Ѿ˲ʰĵزҲͰ׻ôˡ
óֻҪմ绰
һ룬мŶֳһŴŮʿ˾ٱǻ¸ʼֵĹԱһ˰ɣ
⻰ֻǰһڡ
ȻǾƵߡ
ȻҴϵͬ˺μˣǺֶȣǾҪ˳һ򱶡
Զ˺μ˵Щⲻġ
ȻˣҲûֶôϾֲʲôͽֶֻһѵѡ
һ˵ѾȥץˣҴϵ˵ҲȥõʱСǸСӻǸ˵Ѿȥ
ҪǣҲȥˣһ԰ˮɾ
˵Ҳվá
ͬʱء
ټļ̳·Ǳ֮ǰ屶ֹѪء
磬ѪͻȻͷ
ڻԽȵĿУѪĶԽԽѪ齦ڳر߸ʴһССĺڶ
Ҳһ룬Ѫ˲䶳ᡣ
ţһ಻ıըѪеıըʮӰѪƮŵĶʬ˼̳ϡ
һĻԽ̲סǰһ֣֣



һĹ꣬ǵļҾ졣
Խļƻ֮˲ϸǺѣûһ˿ԥҧгݵã
ҪΪպԪƽۣҲ䵽³ζҪ
պԪƽ۵Ĺܹͷ֮ޣǵҰΪʲôٴһ㣬ͳһٰ֮ѵظҲʱȫԽպԪƽǵתץҲһܹĿѺĥ
á
⻰ڳ޲ս˫ȭ
Խ˸ܲѡ
Ϊ̲ס˳˵Ļȥ
ҪܰѵظҲǲͿ˳µռЩνĴۡйٵλ
ǵʱȻҲˡ
뵽ԽԽļ˵²˳٣һȰѻд
á
ˣҲ̲ס˵
ã˵ĴЩҲ˻УǼ죡
˳ΪϺ챨𣡡
ڱǿ׳ǹжʮȻٺǡ
ǿеϺ죬ɲǸ
һȥأɰһΪгʲôɫһĶ֡
ǲ֪ԭǱЩĴĵϵӵΧġ
Խ
ʱɵȻˣھͱУ
λǵĴ÷⣬Ҫˣ


259 
ʱ, ЩѿеĳõĴĴķգĳõĴĴء
ĳõĴأ
һ߽Ͷιһµ֡
Կ֪Сӹж
ԡ
ֹ
󿴲β̲סҡ
һվѾ͵˴ͷ, ҷյջر, С, , ÿһٶܳһ̡
һ㶼, ʹڱ˾ʲôһʱ䣬һ𿴸Ӱ, ҴMĴƬȻȵŮͻȻʼǵʱ, Ҳ˳µһ𡭡
ֻһȥ¥¶ӾθӾȻ÷սѧӾ, ˳µһ𡭡
ϡϣõʲô, ȻֱӾһȥ˰
˵ӹúܡ󡯡ʵҲû
ôͻһһĿֵأ
ͷһ𣬲ֵ顣
뵽һŽѾӣһ͵͵˵Сһ, ˳ӹݹһ۹ϡ
Ȼһ߽۹ϣһ߼ȥ
ֻһ, Ǿǲ֪Ϊʲô, رϲ», ҽĻǬʥлֵĹ, Ĵ󲿷ֶл͵͵дǬʥЩģ飩£飩, ʲôʥʱȰң޲֮Ȼǡǡˡ
뵽ĵ׵ĺѹƲסˣ̲סĻ˳
ˣе鼮ЦԺ֪ˡ
󻳣
⻹ӵģ
ĵ׵ĺʱ͸Ũˡ
ҪҪĥһĥգȻ󡮱ơԭ
һϷζĿ⣬ͻȻһ飬Ȼʶİȥ˻
ͷӣĺܣ
ʮа˾ŴĲʲô⡣
뵽ĵ׵ĺ˲ɢ˸һɶ
ȻµǾˣҲȤ
ţֻҪĲأͲϷյĵ
𣿡
Ц
˲ͷƤ顣
Ȼûв´
չȻʲô⡣
󿴲βͶʱˡ
УԲ÷յóѡ
Ҫôأ
ֱӸ߷Ժ󶼲ˣ
ǺֱӸ߷գʲô
ҪȻҸڰѷ֧һʱ䡭ܾԼеʹ
뵽󻳵۾˲ˡ
ҸʲôĽأ
󻳵Ķ̲ס
Ҳʱ¥ͻȻһ󼱴ٵ
ҲˣԸŷһ¥
֪һ򿪣һӾ˽ֱ˵գ潣ĲܶŹˣһ˰ɣ
˵꣬ǾͳҪֱӰѷߡ
գ
󻳣
ֻѷ֧һʱ䣬û׼ͳȥ
ȻŷӦʶؽջ󣺡ʲô
ȻЩ쿪ڣִһ߿⻰ӦŶԡ
ʶ˳˹ȥȻ˲վֱ壺ϡ塭
˿ɲ塢硢ɩʦֶ֡ӡֶǡ
ҲΪ׵ҴϺݺݵصһۣ֮ǰǸôĵ绰Ϊʲôӣ
󻳣
˵ʼΪ֪ôҴϽ飬ΪСӹ̫ˣͰ
ӣҴϵˣٿϢ㶼һˣΪȻûһĳ
û˵꣬ԼȰͱˡ
Ͼŵˣ̶̲һµʱ䣬ҲΪ
һ룬Ϳ󻳲ϵĺۡ
һ뵽ЩҴϣ
ûһĳеһֻǸûô
ΪæŸǸ˵˻ȥˡ
뵽ҴָŷգתͷЩ죺Ÿʲôһߣߣ
󻳶ʱˣ壬Ǹʲô
ҴϴӵۣһطĹܸʲôǰһҶѡ
ȻԽԽһʲôõģԺζģȫ飬ڻڳ졭
ǰѷͽӣǴӵϣǴӷϣǾκεĴġ
ΪⱾӦõ³
ҴϣҪǣ궼ʮˣܵүүˣ֪Щ˶ôЦ챻ˡ
գ
ԼӦվ˵䡣
ֻûڣ󻳾ʶ˵˲裬Ѿָˡ
Ҵϣ
ˣ
󻳲黹ãһ飬ǾĸƢ
һĲŲһٿţ󻳾ȻԼ⼸Ĳȫ˷˷ϡ
ϵ䷽ûв´ĻǼ䷽Բο˲ҩǿҵĸǻ֮󻳾Ȼôó˷գ

Ҵϵ׵֣ϸ֡
󻳣
󻳶ʱ͸ˡ
ȻŷӦ
԰ҪǷҴϿеˣӦõģǷաջҴϿеˡ
ֻ˵Ѿˣǰ˵ӻͷ𲻻أ
Ҵϵˣ
󻳾ȻҶ졪
Գ¼ҴϵҲˣǻ˵⣬˼УԷϵƭأôͶûмס
С˵żǸ˵ĵһ棬ͺ˻쵽һȥˡ
󻳣
˵ǴϵĹԲŲƭˡ
ҰЩ˵ΪгֵɻɣҪǰЩ˵Ҵܱ
ȻҴǶǻ˼ʮϰ˾ˣԿ仯ܲ²롣
Ҵ϶ʱˣֱ˵ǲҲ÷֣Ҳ÷֡
յ̧֣Ҫһ䡣
ȻֱӵǰҲˣܡ
գ
Ҵϣ
ʱˣ׼һߵǰɣ
Ȼֱתͷˣһס˵ʲôҲҪȥ
ԭǲ㶯ģڿǲˡ
˵ֻ꣬ͷ󻳣üŭĿҸ㣬Ҫǻ壬ǵԼǸˣʵʵظһȥ
ڻˡ
û뵽Ϊ˲ͷգҴϵ˾ȻĻ˵ˡ
ڸô졣
һѪˣһǷա
ʶתͷգϣ˵Щʲô
ȴַղûпڵ˼Ҹӡ
ĵͻȻһ
һĻҴǶʱˣ㿴㿴㿴ϵˡ
ΪǷ־󻳸ɽĴҪʰҲײˣ󻳺ԼС֮䣬ûһ˿ԥѡԼС
ȻҲϣģһ뵽ͷεذ﷽գյͷģǶʱһˡ
ҴϵתͷЩ죺Ÿʲô
֪ʱ۽ضԶķͻȻ˵ˡ
ʲô
󻳵˳Ŀ⿴˹ȥ
ֻԶʣ֣һ룬ֻ¡һһˮͰϸ绮ƣеţޱӳ˳
ܿ죬Щƾͷ˼ʮȻֱȥ
ҲʱԼҶϵֻˡ
ʶشֻ绰ɲǴġ
壬壬عߣعߵĹˣΪ׵ģΪ׵ġ
ʧ˵ȻǸ
ԼҶֻǰһڡ

عֻ߲һĹ
Ǽ˵ֹǹǾȻжʮ
ˢһ£Ҵϵ˵ɫֱӾͱˡ
һʮ
̣Ѿʮûмˡ
Ƕ룬ֻͻȻִŵףⲻЩĴĵϵӵ𣿡
ǡ
ץסǣʱȥвЩĴĳϡ
űһ󵶽ཻͲҽ
ԼҶ϶ʱͼˣǣǣôˣ
Ȼһ룬绰͹Ҷˡ
Ҵﻹ˵Ϸգ˲ͺ۾Ȼתߣ죬ȥǡ
ָͷķյɫҲˣæס󻳣Σգȥһ͸Ϲ
֮Уֱӵ˵ͷá
һߣڵĹ֣ǵ˶˵ֱӽпҵ׵Ķȫ˳ͷ˳һӲķ֡
ټһϾͻϵġ
ôҲû뵽ֻΪæȥعߵ飬⼸춼ûôע˵ҴѾԷճ˵顣
ȥأϾعߵС
ǶĴĵϵӵܣȱľǸ߽׵ķҲ٣ԲĹ֮¼ôʱ䡣
Ҳֻˡ
ԽԭΪԸǵѾ㹻ˣû뵽ǵ˵ĹͷȻôӲôöûаǿ
ԸңҲȥǡ
ǡ
Χ
ǵֻǰһڡ
ȻΧ֮£ܿ죬ϾͳһѺۡ
ھʱҴǸϵˡ
ס֡
ֻһȣʮѸָķֱȥˡ
״æʮס
վΣʮѷѾصЩϵˡ
ϡ
˲һ
ǰȻҴϵҲһ
ãҷյ鷳ˣҪھƵĻǸϹʱֻֻܸʬˡ
Դĳ˵ǻøлղŶԡ
Ҵϵˣ
ޣ
Ҵϵô͸ϹˣǶûЩĴĵϵӵܣԽȴʧ
ΪҪץסЩĴĵϵӵȻãץסڵʵʰЩ
һ룬쳹գúãԭǻֱأԼˣٺòˣ
⻰ٿħ֣ҴϵĪɫһ䡣
Ѿ˲ȥΪʲôлͻȻðôˡ
ֻ֪һս׶༪ˡ
ҲʱԽϵЦ˲һգȻ˵ɱ
һ룬ȳֱӳ󻳵ɱ˹ȥ
ս˲䱬
󻳺Ҵ໥һۣȻֱӭ˻Խ
˼״Ҳ׷ӭȥ
һʱ֮䣬ཻŵ쳹ʡ
ܿ죬Խ۵׵ЦҲûˣΪ治󻳺ҴϵĶ֡
һ룬˾˷
һ㶣ͷŷ֣ȻռƣһߣԼҶϵȴǽڽܣֻΪ˶ڣҲԸߵһˡ
Ҳһ۵ĹԶϻλϾֱӱǵĶִ˳ȥ
֪ȵЩڳ϶һʱ֧ԮԽʱֻ·һˡ
ÿ֪ˣΪѾмڻǵĶ֮󣬳ɱˡ
һĻҴɫޱ䡣
Ȼ֪ǿܲЩĶ֣ôҲû뵽ǾȻܵô졣
ô죿
ȥǵ³ֻһǾȫû
Ϊ֮ƣֻгˡ
һǳˣ⼸յ³Ҳ֪
ҪǶнʣµǵôֵܵסЩʱЩ֮¡
뵽Ҵ˲¶˾ģ˵Сߣסǡ
⻰󻳵Īͫһ
Ϊ˶֪Ҵ϶Ϻ³ʲô
һҴϺ˫ۣŸʲôߡ
ԼҶϵ۾Ҳźˣߣ
Ϊ֪õİ취ˡ
ˣ⣬ȫķ˳˻ƴԶȥ
ЩҲɵӣҪӣ׷ȥ
Ҵϼ״۾ʱ͸ˡ
Щ׷ȥ
һôô
Ա
뵽ĵһ᣺ЩС飬վס
һ룬͵رһ۵⡣
ڳ޲ʶػͷһ

ԼҶʧ
׹֮УҴرԼ˫ۡ
֪ʱһԱûţ
˵ţԽһһޱȵġĻƵԲбȻڿҴϵһ˲䣬˲
Ȼ˵ע֮£ҴϲŵĿУϵİ׹һѹ˻ȥɫҲűòҰ
֮󣬰׹⳹ʧҴҲ͵һѪȻֱֱصȥ
ԽЦ˭֪Щһ򲻹ϲԱһУ˷ˣôϲɣ
ԼҶϵһ㶼þϲ෴ǵɫ˲ֲ԰֣ڿЩѾҪ׷Ĺ֮
һʱ֮䣬ǵԺֻʣһͷǾˣ
ͬʱԽٴ쳹أݷô꣬ڵȵһˣ
⻰ЩҲĴЦȻǷ׷׾е׼ЩǱӴܵľߡ
ԣǶȥɡ
ȻƽĵУǵֻǰһڡ
֪ʱ򣬰һ̶ƿֻһѾƽüĳȻ顣
ʶŤͷһǵ⻮ֽ֮˺üֱӲǰһؿڡ
ǸŵĿһǰĳҷ
˶ͻľޱ侪סˡ
ȻĿǱ͵һˣȵ˷յ
󻳡
յͷû°ɣ
ǰͻȻֵˣ󻳣
б˧
ȻŷӦû£
ڳҲ׷׷Ӧ
գ
һͨأ
һһ޳ܣΪʸȨֶεͨˣ
һĻôһ£
˵Σ
ҴϺ֪ܿˡ
Ϊһ룬̲סһѪ
ЩҲܿͷӦ˹
ȴ˲ϷŭΪһ룬ǾͿ˷յòԻԽѿڶ̫̫ϻʡ
·ֽķգǲ˵ڹϣһ£ظµںϣ̸Ц䣬ڻƺӴϣ˺¼̰ĹԱԴ̫ӡ
뵽ֻһ
̫ϻʣ
ĸ̫ϻʣ
ҴϵҲһ˲
ǻԽԵһȻعܣôܻգ
˼ˡ
նҲʺ۾Ƚˡ
û
Խǰһֿһ۷գһ
֪һ룬˵Ȼǡ
ԽԹͼ㡪
ǸˣʲôţǰɣҼǵ㡪
Ц˵ſڣҲҽȥҵһˡ
Խˣ
Ҵϵˣ
˵ˣôܻ֪վǵա
䣡
һȻûд꽵¡


260 
ſ, Ҳҽȥҵһˣ
ĳ˵Ļ, ˵һ䷽Ϊ
ǻԽ, , ȴûһڵһʱ䷴ӦȻȥ
ΪǵԺֻʣһ仰, Ǿǰ˾Ȼգ
뵽ֻԽ, ڳеԼǵļҾɵһɳǵľ⡣
Ϊǵ㲻ֱڷ, ҲѲ˸ϵ
Զڷգôܲ¡
һߣҴϵ˳ˡ
Щ˵ʲôţ
գ
Ͻյ˺ܶ࣬ܺͻԽϵһģֻһˡ
ǾǬʥ棡
Ͼǡô󡭡ⲻҪ
Ҫ, Խһܲ˵ٻɣ
վȻǧһǬʥ棿
⿪ӵĹЦ
˵Σ
ҴϺ֪ܿĲˡ
Ϊһ룬һ̲סһѪ
, ˵ǵˡ
Ҫ֪ǿ֪ʵġ
ǵֻΪô, ʮа˾ΪǸķϵؾʲô
վȻǬʥ桭
˶ɵˣ
Ҳʱ뵽ʲô, ˵ô, ̫, ڻʵ, ʥʵ, ĴǬѾˡ
Ƕ㣬ֻΪǻʼˣֻһǵɱȨڲһˣʱѾˣλٸҲûãΪ翿ʵ˵
Խ˵Խ˷ܣڻʲôģ
˵̲ס¶һ˿Ц׼ȷ˵Ҫʰֱײˡ
⻰Խ˲ͷӦ˹
ˣʵǿ˶ڣ۷գ¼ҹһҪʰɲײ
뵽һɨĵĿ־壬ʱЦû
ǰͬǰһ϶硣
Ҳأû뵽ԼȻˣ

ģǲֱɱģΪһҪҲһЩ꾭Щ˵ĥ
֪Ļû˵꣬Ϳ׵ķͻȻе콣˵ϵһ֪˭µĳȻǰһ
ֻǱ˲仯һ⣬ɱ˹ȥ
ŶߴĴ̶ƿͫһû˵ĻֱӾͿɤۡ
ﻹ˵ҪһԶȥ
ȻΪʱ
һ룬Ǳֱؿڡ
ŵؿ˿ؿڵĳֿ˿ϵķգţʲôҲû˵ڼ֮󣬻ɢˡ
ѵһԭؿڵǱʧȥֱ֧֮ӵ˵ϣһػҳͬʱҲڳ˶ˡ
ͻԽĻΪյĵҴϵˡ
ھҲһ˲
Ǹ
һɱˡ
ͬľͷһһ͵ؿŷա
ֻһϵһ鲼Ȼ󲻽زе콣˵һᣡ
ϸøһ³һҲȫһ֮顣
ӦøлҲŶԡ
˵ն˶٣ȻЦ˵ŶˣѾɢˣҾ˵ٶ࣬Ҳˡ
⻰Ȼع
ˣôˣڽտһɱһš
ǲζţЩͲһǷյĶ֡
뵽ǵĺʱͼ
оˡ
ԽԽȻʶ˸ղŻԽ˵Ļ
ǣʲôְְֻ֣
Խˣ
һɷĵԵĿ־嵱ϮǵĴƤ㣬ǰһڡ

ⲻġ
踺ؼ꣬ôգ
ԻԽЪ˹һϣɱɱ
Ͳˣôˣܴ򲻹һա
⻰ЩҲźۿ
һ룬ǾֱЩߣȻȫŷɱ˹ȥ
һʱ֮䣬һ̶ĹǺȫŷѹ˹ȥ
Сġ
Զϵ˵죬ȥ⡭ȥʥʵۣ
˼״׷׼Ҫȥ
һ룬ǾͿһһȳ嵽ǰһ˸Դ
ҷһֱӴһҪ͵ϮĹ
Ȼǵĸ
Ҵϵˣ
ҵʮǺ«ʦǺ«ʱ򣬿¶ûô
Կѽ
ۿһ˷յĽ£һͷּȻֻʣ˲һ֣ʱȥ˲һ֮Щ֪үڸǿЦˡ
үڸǿЦ
ҪȻΪʲôҪڸϣֽ֮Ƶ˾Ԩǰء
ЩҪˣҪڸô졪
ӡ
Ҫˣ⼸ʮ踺أȫˮ
뵽Խ˵һΣһһ֣ҾͲˣô˵Ķ֣
Ȼδ䣬ʧŸʲôӰ
һ룬Ϳתʧ˵֮УǵļҾ״Ҳ׷׸ˡ
˼״ʱҲҡˡ
һĻԽֱӾѿˡ
ЩһЩһ
Щһǰ컹ڸƱյֵܣиͬͬΣͷǾȻȲˡ
ܿ͹˲ˣΪҲʱֳ콣ķվͻȻǰ
գߣˣ
ĵôܲ
ֱӾͷŹЩܵ˻Խ
ߵķգԽϵ˲ͽסˡ
ӡ
һؾҪȥ
Ϊʱ
һ룬ֱһһ첲

һҵĲҽ˲쳹ա
ԽŶϵұۣǱѡ
ȻһӦվٴɱ˹ȥ
ԽһȥȻһ첲Ҳûˡ
ӣԽﻹ˵Թˣ˵źݻˡ
Ժֻʣһ뷨ǾҪĻġ
˵ĻҲˣΪ
ѾǹˣҪˣˡ
ǷյĶ֣ôӵùյ׷ɱء
ڸô죿
ģ
õİ취ˡ
ǷǾԲӦģϾôҾ徵顣
ߣԱ
һٷյ³ҲõĶȥ

Ǻܿ죬ԱĻᶼûˡ
Ϊһ룬վͰԴˡ
ŵ۵ɵϴͷ­ֻ˵㣬Ѿˣƫš
˲ɢڿеĻԽڳˡ
Ҵϵ˵š
աһһҲˣȻֻɱһ
ôһ
̫˵Եʣ
Ҵϵˣ
Ǿǹһԭ
ЩȷӦ
Ӱ
һǺе˲ˡ
ԶϵŷӦ˵죬׷ǣˡ
ΪЩһӳȥƱػĵط
δ䣬Ǿ˵ţ⡭ʥʵۻġ
һ룬ǾͿе콣ͻȻ˳ȥȻơ
콣ûƵ˲䣬ֻһĲҽУ˲ɢ
ֳһơ
һĻҴϵŵǳ׺ϲˡ
Ȼ뵽ʲôͻȻˢˢתͷǡ
ǣ
¶ʲô
Ҵϵĸ˾ԴǵĻôܲ²ǵ֪˷յʵ
սһԼҶϵ˾ֱӰǵΧˡ
ȻЩĴĵϵӵܾͺԥؽǸˡ
ǣ
ԼڰСʱ֮ǰǻָŷյıӶƿڴͼͽֵҴϵˣ
һжΪԼ뿴Ҳ԰ô
ͻȻף
ԼҶϵ˵ˣͷһ
æ͵ҡұֻеļ干ٶѣ˭֪ͻȻˡ
ҪҰЩҪ֪ʥʵ۵Ĵڣô£ôôȲأ
Ҵϵˣ
˵ľȻе
Ƕʱһ뵽ʲô̲ס˵˵ˣЩĲأ˼ˣҪ
Ҵϵˣ


261 
һʱ֮, ҴϵҲ֪ǸʹԽǣǸۻԽˡ
˵ôһ˵, ǻͱοˡ
ǵʹ⣬ھȥա
Ҫġ
ΪڵĶ, Ϊڿǵľˡ
Դú֮, Ǿȥ󻳵ı
ʱ, ոոհﰲúá
ܵ˺ܴľţΪձЩϾ, һôμصĹ֡
μҵĻӱܾ, ڷֱΧסûμҵ, һ֮󣬾ֱӴȳˡ
ҪǷռʱϵ, ͱЩ˺Ƭ
ΪҲ󻳵˵İΣȰ˾Ƶ
Ͼһǣ󻳽֮, ǳʱֻԭļʵ
սһǵвٵĵͼӴ⣬Ϊİȫ, յһʱȥ˻, ʱ¥ϡ
մ¥, ͿҴϵˡ
յҪڸǴк
֪Ҵϵ˵ķӦȷջ졪
ֻ˲վ̲ס˼Ȼ˵ȼʥʵۣ
һ˵, ǻһ߹
գ
ԼһڸϲӶˣ
ǿ˿, ֿ˿Ҵϵˡ
ǵһСʱǰ, Ҵϵ˻ָŷյıţôһĹҴϵ˶Դյ̬ȣȻźǵڵʱй
λǴԽˣ
ǵӣҴϵ̲ס˼
ͺΣ
ŷӦæǰǷ̫ˡ
ǻֱӽҵְɣϾǶǰĳˡ
ôһ˵ҴϾ֪ղûа֮ǰðϡ
һʥʵۡĪ
ΪֵȷһֱƺΪʥʵۣǰֱӽзյ֣δ̫ʧˣ뵽ˡеĳƺ
ȻҴϾһ
Ǽ䷽顣
ΪǼ䷽˲裬֮ǰΪǼ䷽ĥ͸յġ
룬վǬʥ棬Ҳ˵䷽ġǰ˵ģ䷽ҵĸǻ֮ȻͲָŷյı˵ӵǼϵ䷽Ļǵ˲͸ˡ
ΪҲûбԭ˸ӵЩ䷽ˡ
˵Ǽ䷽пܻǷԼġ
뵽Ҵϵ̲סĨһԼ
뵽ʲôҴ̲סתͷһ󻳣Ҳǣô鶼ǡ
󻳣
ô죬תͷݺݵص˷һۡ
ôܹأҪַֻܹգҲš
գ
ô죬ܲܵҴϵ˵Ϸ󻳰ɡ
ֻ˵ղһֱţ㵲ǰ棬üҵĻû˵ڣͱ»ȥˡ
󻳣
Ҵϵˣ
û뵽ƳȥĹᱻ˦ܺͷϡ
ⲻҪģҪǷպ󻳵Ĺϵ
һ˻֮еĿġ
Ȼϵ鲻ֽӲһ˲
ǱǴҪ󻳺ͷյģϾղ嶾ȫ󻳴˽ʮꡭ
ʥʵ۵Ļʮϲߣǻŵڰ
˭
ҪǸֻڲȴһ
뵽ҴϵˢˢתͷֱͦͲڷϵԼˡ
Ͼ˭֪Լҿʥʵ۵ҷۡ
оǣʥʵ۵Ļǰڳʳܵ鶼ó£ƺҲͲΪ棬ҲΪˣϾ˼ҵƾ鶼óأĺ
˵ԼҲ췴ǼҲ򲻹ա
뵽Ҵϵิˡ
ΪڳĬ󻳺ͷ֮飬ûѡ
ȵȡ
ҴϵͻȻȫһ¡
Ȼ̲ס໥һۡ
ϾΪ֮ˣ˭û˵Ǭʥл֮ǧŰء
ʥʵ۵ĻǶлأ
ôһ£
ˣ
ôܡ
ʥʵôܻˣ
뵽ԼҶϺݺݵصһۣʾڮʥʵۡ
Ҵϵˣ
ҪȻֻǷŪ󻳵ĸˡ
Լˣ
Ҵϵˣ
뵽յЩǰơֲ²⻹Ͳǲܡ
뵽˶ɵˡ
ΪҲûбǰߺõĶȥҪٴһ󻳡
ٵȵȡ
һֿܡ
Ͼնָ˼ˡгֵɻɣվյת֮Իָǰļ䣬ôʮа˾ΪǸؾеõʲô
Ȼָ˼䣬ֱôôҲлֵת
Ҳ˵пܾлֵת
뵽˲Լͬתͷ󻳡
󻳣
˲Ȼ
ˣǾ˵󻳴СǸ˰١һ˿ˣôͻȻͷһǽ壬˼ʮͷһԵ͸ʮżֵǵĲ裬˵ʲôҲԸͷշֿ
룬ӣΪл֣Լûǰļ䣬Ҳɶʥʵһ
뵽ǵ˵۾˲ˡ
ʲôİ鰡
˵һǼСϵҲϴɾˡ
Ҵϵˡȴ̲סĨһ
ΪǸ˵һ룬һ
ǾԭΪǼСϹ۱ԻͷԭϵǼС
ǹϳ⣬˵عߵ顣
ȴԭԽʮǰѾ˹Ϊ˱ĴΧˣôһֱѳԼǸϲļԽǵĽģһֱڻʵͼ졭
һзڣҪȻ롣
ҴϣлԺõǵĵطܿڣһǡ
գˣֻ˵ڿүȥˣҪȻҲءҲôָ֮ǰļ䣬ôߵΪ
հҴϵ˵Ҵϵ˰ѷյڿһ̸ǿ
˵ٿɫҴϵ˵վɫҲˣǾͲˡ
ҲΪˣǲŸڳŵʱ򣬰һֱû˵Ļ˵ģϵЩЩҪˮˣǶõģ͵Ǹˡ
ϵ
ջ治֪Щ飬ϾЩһпȥעЩ¡
ֻ˵Ǿ鷳ˡ
Ҵϵˣ鷳鷳ⱾŪ顣
ȵǵӰʧ˹սǴղתͷ󻳣Ц˵ˣǰЩ´ˡ
Ȼŷ󻳴վԭأȻûдлﷴӦ
Ȼ󻳵ĿͻȻ͸ˡ
ȷտе⣬һ룬ͿͻȻ󲽳˹Ȼֱ˽Ļ
æֱסֻΪٶ̫죬˺üվ塣
΢⣬̲סЦôˡ
ĵģ̹ϼˣ˵ţ
˵ôһˣôԵ޹ʵرһͷԻۡ
ԭΪͷռǰˡ
ǰˣڼȻһ顪
;
еĹâʱ͸ˡ
Ҳ󻳺
ͻȻĿڵ㲻Ǻܺ棬Ϊʲôһֱûаҵݸ𣿡
Ŷ
󻳵ֱԵؿ
ֻ˵ʥʱȰң޲֮
Ŀɲǵл͵͵дĴЩʫеһƪ
Щ죬ûǰЩʫĶ
󻳣
󻳣
֪մĲʲô⡣
Լдʲôġ̫̫߳ˣ
Ȼ󲻵Ӧ˵ΪЩʫĶ͵͵дģҵ껹ûпҲ⣬һһ顪
֮ȻԣϾϵȷС
󻳣
һʼûзӦȻ˲ࡣ
ͷӣգҪ죨㣩ɣ㣡


262 
ڷæŰ󻳵Сҵʱ, һߣϵķһҹֱ֮ˡ
ЩյľƵһȫɾˡ
ЩƵµķҲһվ˳ʾйյĸϢ, 󲿷ֶġ
Щ¼μҵյĺѾֶץˡ
Ȼ󣬻ʼɾԭơʤһšквкɷ֣ʤֹͣʤһšԼٻѾ۳ĲƷĹ, ·һƲûдӡʤһšмɷ֣֮ǰļ죬ʤǸ, ԼʱĹ档
ȻĴԼ׺͸嶼׷ת˻ʼֵ, Ҵˡʤһš
ЩҼĴ嶼ʤ˵, ΪֺĴ壬ûŪĴΪʲôͻȻתǹ, תʤ, Ͷһʱת˻ʼֵ΢, ˡʤһš
ǰСʱ֮, ʤһšͳµġ֮⡯



ΣЩһΣ
г, ʡʡְ֣衭һعCEOգֱĴСôվΪʤվ̨Ӧûˡ
ڶѾʮ, ӵΣ
ʲôЦ, 졮ʤһšквкɷֵϹһ, ǾͰѡʤһšˡ֮⡯⻰˵, Լ𣿡
Ǻ, ǲŵġ
ԲۣҲ֧ʤˣ
ȷǸ
ȷ֧ʤģ
#ٲͼ#
ǿǸԼҵĲƷĸµһӹ˾Ħг˾ٱԴγãʱ鶼ûִڸָͷܰѹȥǸٲȴ֮͹ٲָյӹ˾ڡ
ǲ²ʵǸһӪΪ鷢֮󣬹ԸµĲƷζֱȣĹƱҲһȱǰٷ֮ʮôµĲƷȷûٳֹ⡣
¸װģǶװʮˣΪ˸ĹƱǶֻмװȥ
֮վʤվ̨ԭ֮һ϶ʤƷûʲô⡣
ôһ˵һЩҡˡ
ֹǶҡˣѾ׵ʤһˡǲҸղ￴ʲôͳӼCͳʱõľһƿʤһš2348ʱšƿһ˴ƿ

Ųţˡ
ͳĺˣҪ֪˹ڿƴ֮ĺ˷ˮΣһĺ˷ˮ͵˹ˣûſڡ
ԡʤһšǰȫģ
޹ģ
ʤһšӦǰȫģǲ޹ģ˭֪أ
ֻ֪㣬һtmdֱˣ
ڶȺuptmdǵˣ
˹ˣ
˵ˣ˵һֱˣԲҪ½ۣƫţڱ˰ɣ
ֹǱˣ챻˺𣿡
ѵǼǲס
ˣָȥ䡮ʤһšˡ

¥ʲôأڡʤһšȥ֮󣬡ʤһšѾϻ˺ðɣͳվʤվ̨ˣΪڻ򵽡ʤһš
ԣƽ̨ϵлţʤһš۸Ѿ˰ʮһƿˣԭ۵
֪Ϊʲôͳվʤվ̨𣿡
ѵ¥ʲôСϢ
ֹСϢϢѾȦﴫˡǾ֮ǰλѲ¶ˣʤ䷽ǲղ䷽ĵġ



ȻĲ裿
ѹ֡ʤһšĹЧôţơ
ѹôȲվʤվ̨
ѹ֡٣ôһĹƽ̨ϡʤһšĻţѾһƿˡ

ȵȡ٣ǵʲôҲĲҺ

졮ʤһšﺬвкɷֵϢ֮Ҿ͵һʱҰȥҽԺһȫ飨ΪҰ嶼̫ãԡʤһšеʱҾרߺ˼䣩Ϊˣҽǧ
ڼûأǾ͸ҡʤһšٰȫЩЧҲģ
Ϊֻô

иҵġ
ǾҴҸĸ֮𻨳ȥǧѣԽԽȻһʱǼ䡮ʤһš˻ȥˡ

üأҪתȥǮ׬ˡ
˶֪ʤһšǰȫˣʤ֪ʲôʱԺߺ䡮ʤһšҲˡ
һʱ֮䣬Ҳ֪ǸÿТ˳Ǹ㡣
Ҫл㣬ΪҲһʱˣǿ֮ͻȻһ㣬һҵġ
¥˰ɣ
յǲ޹ģ
Ǿ仰˭֪أ
֪һ飬ǾվԲЩUP˵ֻǸƽӹܵͨˡ
룬ʤһšĹЧôǿ˵ʮ꣬ʤֵڣֶܿʤǶ׸֮λӦû˷ɡ
ôһ˵ͺпܰ
пܣǾܣΪһĹMϵֵ͸ߴǧԪʤһšĹЧMǿ˲֪ٱʤMǳ飬Mмٸɶһʤֻϰ壬Ǿֶ
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ǧԪǸ˶ĶɣĴȴĶֶͳºˡȻ֮ǰ˱˵һֶܷ֮ΪչһĽǾҲܱĴ塢ͳıҪɣ
ԽֻһǾĴ壬ͳɵʵ

һĳVóֳ£Ȼû֤ݣһû㡣
ļٵģ
Ҹǣʮа˾ģ
ⲻǸղŸ˵ʤ䷽ǲղ䷽ĵĵǸ𣿡
ѵʲôСϢ
ûҡ
ʵϣȦ˵Ĳ²Ҳλѵһ
ĻҪһ㡣
룬ʱǸͨˣһӹɵģֱһؾؾһǼʮ꣬Ȼ֮ͻȻӵǿʵʣµľͲٶ˵˰ɣ

ʮа˾Ǹؾʲô
ˣ֮ǰع춯飬ġ
С˵ھߣ
յƷӦòĶȥˣҪȻôã
ҪҪǡҲ
˭أ
ҲҪģٸһСϢμҺҪùˡ
ĸμңĸң
ǡǸңлеǸμҰɣ
ʱ˵μҺҪùˣѵ׼Ըǣ
ˣ
ûеҲ֪μҿ϶ûеɣϾΪ˾үģμЩҲûпǣ֮ǰȻصĶ񺲳죬մ飬Ƕ𣬾Ҳ˵Ըμ׵ˡ
Ȼնôˣܲ㱻񺲴
ǵʱ˼ɡ
ٵȻμԼ֪񺲳ʱ˵Ըμ׵ģسնĻϢʱĻظղˡ
Ը֣̬˵һرΪɣûŹμ޹ġ
û
ʵǰɣȵ飬մ˸飬μʵһʼһǸҲɹȥģֻΪִˣμ˲ŰǸ񺲽˳
Ϊ׳ʿ
ˣΪֻһӣʵ˽ӱػСĲŸո׶԰
ôǰһë

ģҿչħˡ
Ϊذ񺲽˳ҲǵĹģǸʱʼҾѾڱ˵ˣˡ
ȻģǾܿϸ֤ˡ
˵Ϊʲôֶѡ˰ţΪ뵽Ϊ˾ģԶμҴһЩ飬ͷŹμҡ
μи飬μҿɸûǵ˿μ֮ǣֻΪ˸Ӫһμ֪ͼļѡ
Եڶ죬յǵ¾ˡ
ˣعߵеʱ򣬾һӹִμμרжǵ˵ĵطμҵĻֱӴμˣǵĶȫ˹֣ˣЩҪռʱϵͱЩֻ˺ˡ
٣ˣ
˵ңǲµĸĸȵλμҵıү˭
ɲε쾭ҵСӡ
תͰ׵Ժֱʤвˡĵλ֮ǲ顣
ȻǾҵϣ֮ܺǰһƣһԼȴǿг飬ܾ˺Ȼڶ죬ʼ־ͷһ棬ơʤһšквкɷ֣ͬʱյǵ¾ѡ
ƹƹơ
Ѿ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ֻǰļϣû뵽滹һƬ
ֻ˵ˣкյĽԼҪǸͨ˵Ļͱμ˺̻ˡ
ȵȣҺ¥˼ˡҶ֪˵μҺҵǺûǲˡ
ʲôˣĴͳҪԴˡ
˵μҺðɣǾȻҺճ˹ϵϵڣμҺҲ
ﲻõ𣿾Ϊռ壬ʤôһ۱衣
˵ðɣһٶصգһֺӲش˸ϡã󻹰ԼҲ˽ȥ
ܹ˭ֻܹԼˡ
Ų̧ͷĹ˭仰ˡ
ˣ¥λװ׻ǧѣѼġʤһšȫû˵ֵܣһˣΪҺμҸˡ


ʱμھٰһ칦硣
ףȻǼֶ顣
һʧֻϧˣӹһ٣˭뵽Ȼôãһ·ľߣҪȻʡǶ¡
ֻ˵⻰ʱ۾ȴǳЦ⡣
Ϊһνӹһ٣ԺҪҲײ顣
Ϊ˳ֶ£ʹμеĵλȹ˲١
Ļ˶ãμͻʽΪμҵļ̳
뵽̲סЦ
Ҳʱصλ𼱻ǵس˽ֻ͵ǰ
ֻϵݣϵЦֱӽסˡ
һ룬ֱӶеֻ
ٿǵֻۣǰһڡ
ţͨһԶμ˹ȥ
ͬһֻ


263 
ǵ, Ҿӭ˰֡гֵܾ֡̾֡Ȳŵִ
죬Ҿͱ͵˰©˰, ֶΰαʲټƾ֤룬Ϳͻǩͬȣܶ˰ʮڣռӦ˰ٷ֮ʮ
ջķɹ涨˰˲ȡƭֶν˰걨߲걨޴ռӦ˰ٷ֮ʮϵģϣʮͽ̢١
⻹ֻҷµ״Ƚġ
ΪЩҼҵƲ, ֤ȴŵĹ֪Ҫ֮, ׷׻е֤ݳ˾֡
Ǻܿ죬ҾʵɱˣͶ, ¸Ա
˲ֵĸˡ
μߣȻҲ͵˰©˰, ̶ȱҪܶ࣬ǼȻҲл¸Աڣɱ˺Ͷ飬Ǽһûôɹ
ǺȻɾ°ɶĿԣÿ˶һѵ˽ӣŵصС壬˽Ӻ˽Ů, ÿԷֱ֧, Կ
Ҫ֪ᷢչ, ѾܽȫˣԳҲǻᱻ̵ģҳԽ࣬Խأصеͽ̡
ټϻеЩ嶼֪ĴҪʰμңȻĴǰºμƲˡ
Ȼμȫ̡
μҶûˣҪΪμҼ̳˵ǳˡ
ǲ֪μõԼо֮жμ֮ͥһÿٶһ뷹Լһʮ˵ˡ
ٻصߣΪǵ״̫࣬ԾǱ߶໨˲ʱѼǵ֤ŲţǾֲһǾǡԭʼ䷽ȻҴĸĸ͵ġ
ȴԭʮǰ⸸ĸڹ䷽оȡͻԵĽչûǽ䷽ʵһʵ¹ʾȽˣǾΪ˾쾭ҵСӣԼ˽ȥ
Ȼڸ⸸ĸʰʱ򣬷ǵоɹ
ǲûно˽
ȻԭڷزҵŲεңֻʮʱ䣬ͳΪ˻ҵͷ
֪ϢԭΪҺȺ̨ԼַվȻݵʥʵ۶Ц˲ɢ˸߰˰ˡ
ĸʹͳ˹¶͵ĸŲŲʣʮ֮ͼٵ
ԭΪѾˣû뵽ǾȻеĻҪһ򱶡
Ϊ飬ϼ󳬹˶̻ͽ̡
ȻҴǾˡ
һΪ֮ǰΪյ˸Ǹ
鶼ֵôˣֹȥôˣվ벻֪Ҳˡ
ֻЦ˵¡
ϾЩձ
֮ǰĶգʲôϵ
οΪЩ˶²ǸؾյƷ϶ĶȥҪȻҲôãҲûʲôˡ
뵽ʲôЦ˵Ҫǣôһ֣ٵ¶ĳͺͣˣҲΪˡ
⻰ҴϵҲ̲סЦ˳
ȻԼҶϾȲǰĴֽŵ˲輸ϡ
һļ
ԼҶ˵ʤڲǼЩǡȫĹ̶ʲʲôģһСģһļТġ
һ㶡
ȫĹ̶ʲ
Щɲˣٰˡ
˵Щ̫ˣա
ҴϣĿա
˵̲סϾʮǼĲķӿǵõ˲ٵĺô
˵ⲻһһҩƷרҲǶʮ꣬ⶼȥˣܰ䷽ԭȻá
ҴϣⲢһҩƷ𣡡
Ҳ֪ôˣȻתͷˣΪĲ䷽Ųôһ£
Ҵ׼ҼܹĶݡ
տ
Ȼأʲôݣ
Ҵɫ䣺ҼܹĶݡ
Ͼܸܲ߷գǼҸҵʱǿСµʽ𣬶õľǡǡ׻ɡ
գ
Ҵǲ˵ȻҲͲϸˣȻתͷҳϡ
ҳϳţԼĴԴһ̹ȻǼҵǺʲôϵôǼҾǵͽ
գ
˵Ǻ̹ˣ
Ȼ󲻵ȷտԼҶϾֱ˵ǼңǼҿҷۣЩʲĴͷõģǼֻ˸Сͷ˵ģ⼸ǼոļƷֹ
գ
˵ԼҶϵĻ̹ͦġ
ֵֹܾġ
Ȼ˵ˣҲֻ˵аɣЩǾˡ
ãЩҲΪķˡ
ĴȻô˵ǷҲİռôһˣ룬˼͸ǣ˳㽫Ĳ䷽͸ҡ
õЩ֮Ȼһлᡣ
ЩϢȻ˻ˡ
ʤˡй̶ʲϢȥ֮ճпһյĺ֮Ҳַˡ
Ͼ˭֪ʤһšĹЧҩƫƫʤֻһС͵˷ָһʱģ˵ͨˣ̶ͨ򲻵ʤһš
ҲĴΪʲô׾ٵԵгɵļ۸¡еĹ̶ʲԭ֮һ
ΪҲеϣʤܿ
֮ͺ˳ˡ
ʵϣЩѻ̫˵㣬Ƕ²ⲻʮ꣬ʤֵڣպܿʤǶ׸֮λ
ʵϣʤ̲ĵֵ꣬ѾͻԪˣʤûУҲûеļƻոΪӵʤٷ֮ʮĹɷݣµ׸԰ٷ֮ʮĹɷݽ
һжΪʤĹЧ̫졭Ȼ󻪹ֱӾͰѡʤһšճˮƷҩˡ
Ͼһƿʤһšʮ飬һ˼ҧҧǹġ
ǣʤ̲ĵһ꣬ɿʤһšӰ
Ϊˣʤòһ֮ڣ͹
ǲЩģȻûй˾ôһҳ͹˾ľ飬Ĵķ֣μҺҵĽѵǰʱ򣬾ٲ۵Ҳְ֮·ߵû˳
ҲΪˣͬԤϵҶԡʤ´˽ֹΪʤ˰ֱӽ˽һ롣
ʵϣҲʤҲûгڵĴ㣬Ϊ˻սԲ֣ΪǿɲĳЩƷҵõĲƷȫȥ⣬ƷʲõȫԼˡ
Ͼԭϵԭ򣬡ʤһšĲҲ컨ġ
Ϣ֮ЩԴεĳǵģǾͲڷյ˵Ĺ֮ˡ
ÿĹοֱӱ˶ʮס˿Ҳʮֹ̿һ󣬻ʤһšרų鵹һȰռ˹ýѡ
ǶûԤϵǣšʤһšĴܵĳĲƷƣǱƷҵԼҩƷҵ
ҩƷҵͲ˵ˣϾʤһšڳõ£ҩܽѪѹܽѪǣͷͺ˥ϡ
ȴǼϲ¡
Ϊȫʮǿҩҵûһһҵ֪ҩҵж
ԻҩƷгЩС⡣
ںˣյ嶼ˣòļʾˣЩҩڻ׬ǮȻˡ
ڹڵҩʤÿֻҪһǮ֧ǼзҩͿˡ
ڡʤһšƷҵ飬Ǹϲеϲ¡
˭֪ıƷгȺỹңҴͳĲƷûνıãΪ׬ǮЩƷ˾ֱ伫ЩƭѼʮݽޱƷŲõ֤
ںˣ֪ʤһšЧõıƷЩȻҲͲϵˡ
Ϊˣֱպ뿪磬ʤš͡ʤšûС
̼ǵõ˻Ҫƾһ䷽ѹ䷽¢жг䷽ڵͶгһš
ƾ衮ʤһšѾ顣
Ͼ໨ǮԱȼ۳ߵġʤһš˭˶ȥܵһء
ʱòôǮģĻҲǵܹǮȥ
ȻˣЩǺˡ


264 Ǽʻ̫
, պ˶ʮꡣ
ʮ󣬵ȵǰĸ㶼˸飬һ뿪硣
Ȼ, ֮ǰ, ҲûǽԼôԼǲĲƲȫ˳ȥ
ʱĻ, Ϊ֮ǰ͸ĴġĴ֮ͬת͸Ǽʵͻͽ, Ѿո˴ıռݵ, ʣµһС, ջֻʱ⡣
ҲΪ, ڹϵĵλҲﵽʷǰĸ߶ȣûйҸܱܵߺоˣ˵ըʹˣϾ֪ٹڶָŻոȫĹ֮, ܳԮء
ԵȵӺ, ۾ʱ, ǰȻ˼䡣
ûʵĲ䣬ǰǲõزһҳĲڷײ;ߣԱվװġһ˿̴ӡ
תͷһ, Աͬɾ͸شӳһӢ
Īһ
һΣ㲻ǿһˡ
ȻǰԼ˻ûе, չϱ, ʼǰļ䡣
Ǵʮ, 2941, λڰʮλʵۡ
ĩ꣬Ĺ΢ĩ󽫸·Ϥѹ1660ڱǻƵۣ
ȻյͳŤˡ
1914ﱬĲǵһսһʯ꣬Щ޴ʯһģ֮ĳѡ
ֻЩѵ͸ǵΪЩһΪЩеıʯҪ࣬еĶůеĳ͸ģǿĿľ
ֱʮ֮ЩѶȹڣ׷ƿǶ˼Ϊ
ڳĻﶼǿʤ⼸֣ǳ֮ĵһ飬ʳ֮⣬ɱ֮ͬ࣬λ
ҲΪˣ˴Ϣ֮
ֱһٶ󣬴ѧҴӳʬ֮ȡ˽Һ˾һзٿصĻףںͳһս֮
ֹһٶ꣬ʮλʵТۼʻ׺͵һֻͬھڳոȫء
ȻӲдĹڱȷѺõķʹ֮󣬾Ͷ߸ˡؼ˴
ˣֻʣһңǾǴ
ûһĳͿʼȺӵˡ
ȴԭǳʯ꣬Ĳǵ򣬶ϵ
ͳ֮䣬˴˶иӦһֻ֮ĳʱˡ
Ҳ֪ǽ򣬿ɲΪ˸ϵЩ
Ϊ˽вѿ֮С
ǿĶǰķСģһ˿һϣ
֮ļԽսԽ£ӿֳӢǵĲиŬ£̫ϵ⽨һ̵ķߣĳȫֵ̫ϵ֮⣬ഴһ㰲ȫ滷
Щûʲôϵˡ
ԴӵʮλʵТλʵǿͳͬھ֮֮ٶҶûٳֹʲôž޵ЩС壬˲ű
ЩСȫһԾϳңΰѳס˴̳;硣
˴һһ߷ңΪ˼һĴڡ
ֱλʵ۵ϻλ
һҰĲĻʵۣ񣬼Ҳǵ۹е2SǿߣĲиŬ֮£һջһȨ
ĻңȨǿ̳ܺĴƽ
ھ磬ռҺɽڣ۾ͷѡ
ǰգǵ۹һĻ̫ӡ
ȴ۵Ķӡ
ҪӶʮǰ˵
ԭֻǻϵһûĶӣѾԼˡ
ֱһλʵ۵Ķȥһ۵ѹһλʵ۲ò˴ϵйӵľ
ĶˣΪӱʵ
һλʵȻƽӹҲ㸺飬ѡѪƫԶͬʱҲҰĺʵϵӡ
֮˵飬ȻΪЩҺ͸߹ٶϣܼܿջңάϵԼеȨȻϣһλʵǸǿƵˡ
ǻȨޣṩ̫İҪȻ̫֮λȻλֻܿԼ
һǺЩʵԴĴҲıĴѹƵ
Ķˡ
֪֮һ֮£Ŷĺֱˡ
գ
е졣
ľǲһ̥ıʵ۱Ź
治ǡ
ⲢΪѪ¼ᷢʵ磬Ϊʵ磬û취С˵ҳĹ򣬾Ǽʮ֮˵顣
۵ϻʵ֮һֱûֱ֮ڸļ£ȥҽԺһȫ飬ŲΪ⼸̫ۣɥʧ
۲ò̤һλʵ۵ĺ󳾣ҲǴӻϵйһΪ̫ӡ
Ȼ˷ա
ΪǺѪֵĶӣҴСͲ2S츳ζаٷ֮ʮĿܳΪ2Sţٷ֮ʮĿܳΪSǿߡ
ĸĸΪ˾һ¶ڳצ֮µƽĺӣˣӵһĳĻ̫ӣԻ˵Ǹӷ
Ҫǣꡪ
Ҫһ̫ӣָԷʲôʱģʱ֪Ҫ鷳
һС̫ӣЩ㹻ʱȥĲ֢ܹһӡ
ѰջѲƲԼӣοΪлλҪ̳еۡ
յ˵۹̫ӡ
ǸúӣٷصĿҵٸӵ֣ƵĴɱûнйһ࣬һۣΪʼԼǵ۹Ļ̫ӣҪҵϡ
ôҲû뵽ǣȻʼûκĲȴʮͻȻҵĸӡ
ĸӿɲǵǸģǸԭûֻҪˣΪ˲ĸӱɹ¶¶ԺŽۡ
Ϣٹ𾪡
ǵ۵ʱǸ˰ٵ˹ϵڴڼǸĺӲϸϵ˽ӣҲǱһڲûжԴ˱ֳ̫Ĳ
ǹĵֻһ飬ǾԼ֮󣬻᲻ϵĻ̫ӡ
Ҳϵʱվ˳ԼΪղԼӾͷգϾһֱһϸĻ̫ӣοͬһʮ꣬ӣӣԵ֮ɻᰴյ۹ķɴλա
һڶԻҵ˲㲻ֹ
Ͼ˭᲻ϲһζҿƵģĻء
ԭҲǳжΪˣ۵һŮʱǶǰٰá
ֱһ󣬻ʺҵһжǼٵġ
ʵǰҵĸӣֻΪǵȫǣǲ
Ͼӷͷɱϣ֪ж˼ǺޡΪλʵ۶ѡ˹ӵ飬ڻڲ˼𵴣ԷЩɱ֮һЩҰĲĻϵϾɱ˷գǾлλˡ
۵Լ塣
ΪȣûгɳĻ̫ȻҪ׽һ㡣
۵ǸҲû֮ԶΪҪˣΪ˲ĸӱɹ¶¶ԺŽߵƲ̫ӣǲߣʧȥڵ֧֡
ΪҲ֪ôһֱûзƣָߵؽĸӽ˻ôܻĽλˡ
ҪǣǸҪҲˣûߣ顣
ֻ綼ˡ
˼ȥջǾ۵ĸ̫֮λϾͲ۵ӡ
ʺȴĽλøǼ֡
Ϊ޸ۣļΪһӣɲΪ˸ѵġ
Ҫ۵ǸҲˣûкӣ˭ĺӲǸƫƫţԵȵǼֵ˻ʵۣܲǵĸ۵֮λ𣬵ʱҪԴ
ҪǣۣȴǸΪ˰ǸѾüûи׽ˡ
ǰֻΪΪԱԲžܵҪ׽֪࣬ô̵ס
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ۣҪΪǼĵƿʼͲǷˡ
Ҫ˱ռҵټΨߵ3SǿߡϽȡ
ռҺȻѳž磬ڵ۹ӰȴĴƽϾһǹһҪǮģĲȨš
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ȻĸӹǰһҲ뵱ʵۣһҪѸܵÿϻ̫֮λϷ룬гĻҹϵܲϲ
ΪաӡҴĸӰ˲ɢˣҵҲһ¥
ȻĶ̫ӡ
󣬻ʺţ۹ӭȢԼ飬Ҳλ̺
ˣһڹҸ
գ
ҸʾԼˣ
Ȳ˵Ȼλռҵټע˲Ӧǵ£Ҳûʲôá
ȻˣֱӻȥȺúõоһĿѧĥôӦԽΣ
뵽ֱӴϵĹԣ׼ϵλռҵټ
֪ʱͻȻһŲ
ԵЩ̴ӷ׷Ͻ
ǸӦʲôתͷһ
˴һͦľװڷյĿ˲ȫ䵽ϡΪīɫװֱǽ֫յ쾡¡
գ
˭õ˵
ӭʲôΣһζʮ


265 
ϷճĿ, Ⱥÿüͷһ¡
ΪĿǰЩ֪ߵغҪĻ˵Ŀ⻹Ҫ¶ǡ
Ҳֻһ£ΪܿͷӦ˹
Ҫ֪۹λ̫ѾǹбȽ϶غʵˣδ޵, ôܸЩһ
뵽ɫ, չ̫ӵ¡
СգϽˡ
˵ţֱ, ӡ
ȣ
ھͲ, ʿһΪŮʿ, ֮ԻľٶһΪչʾԼʿȣһΪŮʿڡ
ȻҲ, Ǵ˾Ⱦ벻붼ѡ
ȺַܿӦ˹
ΪͻȻ˷ԼԷĿġҲ֪Ϊ£, £ռҡ
Ϊˣ¼ҿǲϧڳ۸Ļϣһɵĳŵ
¼ҿɲǻʺҡ
ҪȻҲӦյ롣
ԷֻܽΪֺѡ
뵽, ΢üͷʱչˣȻòյһл̹Ȼˡ
һԵ̴漴
Ц˵˵ҲĲûϽԶ㼸
õġ
ֱӷĲ, Ȼһඹܲȶһռ
, յĴǾ̲ס䡣
Ϊ˿ɲϲԵĲˡ
Ȼֱӵһ֥ʿ, ζСϺһСɡ
, ȵüͷû
ϾΪ£, С鶼, ǰ˽һϲãȻڵ˵ʱֱӰϲˣƺҲͲΪˡ
ȶܲµս׼˵ʲôˡ
߿һ֮ģʹռҵ
Ҫʧˡ
ռǲֻܲҺҵķġ
Ϊ˵ְػҺڵİȫȨ
뵽ʶؿһ۷գĵûһĨΡ
ȵȣΣ
ΪﲻնΡ
ȣ
ʲôΣڱһһϵ
뵽˲̬
˺ܿˣ˱Ƕζȵ۾ɵƮƮ
룬չȻڲҲĲĵȷܲ
ֻǲܳԾˣһݼٵʱרŹٳһΡ
Ҳʱ򣬷𹫿һСϺŽϽ
ϹŵЦͷ̫ӵˣԼС
ȻѾԤϵ˽ǲܳԾ˵ģܶһΪʲôء
뵽ֱһԵĿӡ
ӺڰϺ˳մһ֭֮ͽ
Ȼ̲ס˫ۣСϺַʣʽʵϣ㣬ζüˡ
ֻһ㣬ǾǰϺ̫鷳ˡ
Ҳʱ򣬷һЩ
һŷ־ȻĿϺʡ
Ȼ̧ͷһͿִ˼СϺȻõò棬õϺͷϺβĹؽڴһõһͻСϺıֱӽӲϺӰסϺβһΣӾͽϺ˳
Ķͷβʮ˵ǺĿˣ
һֱûѧϺ۾̲סɴһȦֱӾͰȫ׵ԺȻһ߿ŷգһʶؾͼϺʳ
ֱհһϺ𣬲Ļٵһݡ
ˡ
ʶػصȻŷӦ
˿գֿ˿ԱߵһСɽһϺǣʶԼЩʲô
ȻڣվָҨһ׵İռǾٳ
Ҫǰζһ꣬벻תעУȻ˲Щ鶼׵Ժȥˡ
İռ
ռ״ָһӵСɡ
Сɵζ͸ˣ֣һȥ㡣
ȻɲԣǷϵָȴ̲ס䡣
֪һ룬ͿͬڳСɵķͻȻüͷ
˵ϧˣΪ˸ʱ䣬õĲʵС㣬ģըСûʵִࡣ
ҲϾƸСȥȣҪʮµĻը֮Сɻһ˿ľζǼҵƵϣζŽмƷ
ȣ
ͻȻ;ŵСûôˡ
ȻջһתϽƺͦϲСɵģҪȻҸСɸϽ͹ȥ
һΣʱͷӦ˹
˿Сɣֿ˿ա
ǰô֪Լôϲʳڲ㱻ǣűˡ
ʲôСɸ͹
ԣʱղӦ߿
ʲô
£ӦҲûҪ˸Ůһôɣ
뵽̲ס˸ղŷնиӵ顣
üͷʱ
ջǴĵ׵Ļɡ
Ǿ仰տδ޵ģδ޼ʵͬףܴðŵδ޼ķ
ϾҲ֪һδ޵ļ֪飬϶ǲŹġ
Լܹٷ֮ٵعȻõȷͦθڵģ̫СˣŶʮһ꣬Ѿʮˡ
뵽ȣ
ȵȣЩôһ£
ʲôʱôḡˣ
뵽˲ֱ壬Ϊһ۹˵һ˿Ͻ˲䱻չֵ쾡¡
ڿɲϸЩʱ
Էղڹ
ռҶ
Ͼ֪ܲռﶼ಻ɳӵģҲʹޱơ
ȻûаЩֶ
뵽Ȼеˣ淽յ׼ʲôֶ
ڷٴμһ֥ʿŽʱʱ˵֥ʿҲ֥ܲʿζŨ
ȻͿЦ˵Ǻܲķ֥ʿ
ȣ
üͷ΢֥ʿﲻ֥ʿǻ֥ʿ𣿡
⻰ֱӾЦˣűû㣬ű𣿡
е
ʶص˵ͷ
ȻŷӦ
ȵȡ
˵Ĳűûţűû㡭
ȣ
˵õǧټҪһΪ£أ
˵õҪأ
ȵȣЩҪҪһһڵϷ
ȣ

ȵջصʹʱѾһСʱ֮ˡ
յſڣһ̴ӭһأ̫ӵ£ʺȥһˡ
Ҳ֪ʺȥΪʲô
Ͼ£ռô飬ʺôܲ˶š
뵽ղ˸ղһߺŶ䣬һߺ˵صĻߣǱӣӡ
ɰˣ
ȻˣȺ˵֪ȵǶԷյΪʹһ涼գֱӾˡ
Իʺܲ
ֻ˵͹ȥ
ȻŸո̤ţһ룬һװˮˮͳݺݵ˹
Ҫǰڣôġ˵ʹԭأˮˣǷտûŰϰߣֱһǸˮ
һĻʺֱһ¡
ȻҲû뵽վȻҶ㡣
ĵ׵ŭʱʢˣ̶㿴㶼ʲô¡
֪ҷ˶ľŰ󵽵ĺȻĻ𣿡
Ϊʲô˵ȥΪʲôҪţȥ׷ȣ
ǵļƻȫˣ
һ߳ŭתǼС֣ǿɾȫˡ
䣺ģռһֱԻҺҵķ֮ôΪôһС£͵ǡ
뵽һõʰǵİ취
ʲô
ʺֱסˡ
յϵĹԣ㿪΢Ȼ
һӺһ֤Ϊ۹̫ӡ΢˺žͷһµĶ̬
ǸӣΪҶϽһˣҾҳԸϡ
ĵ۹ʵ۱ʵǰѾҵǼλ˽ˡ
ĳˣûҲûеòҡһ䣬Ϊĵ۹ʵ۱µ顣
#ۺĳ˳ƵƬ#
#۵ĳ˺ǼλӹϷƬ#
#Ǽλӹƺ۵ĳΪƵ#
PSĻʵ۱Ѿûкͻʺ׽ˣڴ֮ǰʺһֱΪĻʵ۱²׽ΪԱ
󣬹עңһʱ˽Ļҳš


266 
Ϊ۹̫, ҾҪҲμӸָĻӰҲΪʲôͷ⵽ɱҪԭ΢ķ˿Ȼ, 뽫ǧˡ
Ҳζţ΢ȥĵһʱ䣬ͱǧ񿴵ˣȻʶһתһ֮Ϣѵβ͡



ԭ˵ҵҥ죬²Ϻȴ˵ڶûѹȻϲʱԴֱżˡֱҿ΢
˵ԭѾ˾ٱҳ𣿡
˰, ϶Ǳˡ
¥, ⶼǼʱˣܱţڳ΢أڳԼأ
Ҳ˵΢ʮа˾ǻ̫ӵ±˷ģ

ʾһ, ֻˤˣ̫¶ʵ۵ĳ, ԼԼĳӿɻУ
, ҪͬҲٸ𣿡
Ҿ˵ŴΪ˻λ伫ɱɱĸɱֵɱӶСƣôִЩʵ۾͸ͻһһһʥĸˣ鶼װء
кϷˡ

ʲôкϷˣôҲǵ۹Ļ, ۹Ļʵ۰, Ƕе֮ĺòã
۹Ļңֻ֪ÿ꿪֧һʮ, дԹҲһǵǮÿ췢Ӷ˵Ĺʡ
Ϊ˴ô飬˵ոձһٶ꣬Ⱥʮʵۣƽ껻һʵۣŵʱһ껻߸ʵۣаٷ֮ʮǱն׼ƻɱģֻ˵ҪТλʵǿͳͬھнİǵأ𣿡
Ҳ˵Тʱڵˣ⼸꣬ʲô춯ص𣿡
ûС
һǳ֮սԪ˧ӮģڶԪ˧Ӯġ̫ϵԪ˧һִġ
нİҵĹͺܴ𣿡
˵֮˥նҶſͷѪٶ˻
ҵĿǺܴ󣬿ǵ۹ÿγҶǰߣĹʿʿΪǵݣǵϰ˽ϵǵĹע㣬ǽ˻йĵطΪ˻ҵıǩԵʣܶĽȥοͣչΪʤأԻÿΪ۹ξ˵ǲɹģЩ˵ǲ֪
ǡǡ˵нķ⣬ĸǵŬΪǵĳ
ƾʲôͬˣǻΪܹȱһƣڱʱȴֱܹǵյϳ
ˣΪԼƽǵĳ𸻶ѡ
˵乫ǳˣһȮ˹ûҲ
˵ǻҵˮ
ܴܲǣҲ׬ǮǺǮҲûϵ


ˣÿ漰ҵĻ⣬Ƕܳ
صصǻ̫¶Щ𡣡
ʵǰͰǼλ˽һˣһֱȥŹλûȴˣһԼ飿
飿һ仰ʲôʲôûʲôʲôǶġ
ʲôĻʵ۱Ѿûкͻʺ׽ˣڴ֮ǰʺһֱΪĻʵ۱²׽ΪԱ⣬ֱǹ̰
ȵȣһûҪ˰ɣϾʵ۵Ϊ֣۹ȣʧȥġ
ȻʱôƴͬʱҲΪȨȷûҪ仰صڡĻʵ۱Ѿûкͻʺ׽ˡϰϵǰ̫˵ĻʵǰѾҵǼλ˽ˣһλγԼĻϸ롣
⻹ϸ룿һˣûŽΧųתĹ˭˻˵𣿡
Իʵʮа˾ǳˡ
ܡ
ʵ۱ôֱһˣ˵ôһֱڴҵֻ˵սϣֻһΪ˾սѶըȵ˱ж¹ʹޣôôݵ

ȵȣҶûгأǾֱ˶ˣ
ҪȻأ̫ӶǼӹƺʵ۵ĳΪƵųˣѵǼٵģ
⣬ǾȻ˵Żʵ۵Ļ
Իʵ۵Ǹνĳ֪ʵѾˣȴǸʵ۹һ𣿡
һԼ
ԭǼӹȻǻʵ۵ķǻӣﲻӣοʱʵۺǸ˰ٵ˹ϵǲ˽ӣڡǻ᲻֪ʵۺǵֽ͵һ飿
ô֪ܲ˽ӹȻ˽ӣﶼ͸¼֡
ǻԳʲôŻʦСȡޣ
ȵȣҼǵû̫ӵûôɣ

벻붼Ѻðɣ
ص㲻ǻʵ۳һ㣬ˣʵۿǰҵǼ˽ӣҪģ¥
ٿǵ̫ͷ̵顪
Իʵ֮ϵŹ飬ҶλѾˣҲ̫ӵ̫֮λ
סǸ˵ļ飬Լû̫ӸǼ˽ӵơ
ȵǼ˽ӳɳˣ̫Ӿ͸øλˡ
ԣӦǻ̫Ӿ͸ˣϾʵۿ˵̫ӵ̫֮λģҪǸҳȻڵǿҲȻܳǻ̫Ӿֻȥˣ

٣ѹֻ̫Ըðŵʵ۵ķգҲҪЩȫع
û뵽һСҵİ̶ˣɱɱĸɱֵɱʲôŴĻʵӦøѧһѧıѪа
ţңĵˣ
ˣˣѾˡ
ʲôʸΪ۹Ļʵۣ
û䣡
껲ԣ»ʵ֮λ
껲ԣ»ʵ֮λ
껲ԣ»ʵ֮λ

һصǾǻ̫ӵ΢˵һעһʱ˽Ļҳš
̼עˡ
עˡ

˵ϵĶԵһʱ΢ȣ
˵ص㲻ֹЩ𣬾ͱ緽շ΢ĵһ仰ǸӣΪҶϽһˡ
ڴ֮ǰǶ֪棬ڲŶһ飿
ԡ
ص㲻һﾹȻģö֮΢ʾ
ôƶôڣռҶܵʵۡ
ɶ
뵽ȵĶ˲ͺˡ
һģһ롭Ҳ֪
ҷǷ
ΪֻƾЩʵۣ
Ȼʵ۸۰ģ֪ںûʵ۶ôʵôܻŹ
뵽̲סüͷ
һߣ֪˷յΪĻʺϵֱӾͽסˡ
һ룬۾ֱӾͺˣʧ˵֪Լʲô𣿡
֮άڵķ⣬һΪǷҴģΪһܺãҲԸֻ֧ңڣһУһжˣˣ
ҪǣշųȥЩ֤ݣøġ
֪һҲὫһϵġ
Ъ˹ôʲôôʲôô
Щۣطֻ
Ȼ˶٣Цˣôȥˡ
Żʺ󣺡С˵̶̼ӵʱ䣬Ҿ˼ʮ˿
˵ڣ˶ֻ֪۵Ǽ˽ӵĵˣӦò˴ɱˡ
ҪǣһΪˣǻ̫ӣλˣҲ˳µصǻ𣿡
⻰ʺ󼸺ѿڶ롪
Ҫֻǰ⵹Ǹ˺Ǽֶѣɲһ⵹
⻰ЦˣЩڵƲӦҲˣңǶܿ飬ῴ
һ첻ҵİȫһòϡ
ƾʲô޼ɵҵȴĻᶼûУ
ʺôҲû뵽ջ˵Ļ
ŭô˵ĻҪ˹Ϊܹʳӵ߸ϵݣ˵Һʮˣ𣿡
һ˵ǡ
ǰ˵ġ
˵ûǸʮ꣬ϵЩڲҲ˵𣬻֮Իܱڵ٣̶ܴϿ񣬻ճĿҲ˰ɵ˰ҹʳӵ߸ϵݣƺǲûжĹϵɣ
ԾҪҲӦǱڲŶԡ
㡪
ʺͨ졣
ôҲ벻ףôͻȻˡ
һ룬վֱӴĻԣϲˣԺɱˡ
ʺ֣ңǽĴҡ
ƽȵķʱˣѾ⽨ʱû취ˣһ㣬ϵѸ޼ɵϣܿ
֪ĳʲôҲҪܹϣ飬ƾյЩ֤ݣһcλˣ˳㻹ֵܷһĲƲԺС˾Сˡ

ƫƫһ˼ϣ֪۵ȢֻΪ֪۳ˣȴɶء
ɲǼ
Զڻʺϱ˸۶ɱ³飬ͬ顣
⻰ʺֱѿˡ


267 
ܿ, žǹѩһŵ۹˷ϯȥ
ȵʮ֪֮ʱ򣬡ʵ۳졯껲λ̫͡˺ʵۡѾǰεռˡ
ʱ, ۺĳԬѩ, Լľǵй԰, СŮģء
ˣ
СϲصطĻʡ
Ļ, ۵˲һȻǶ׷׳С˹ȥ
ô
Сժ˻ϵͻ֮󣬵ݸۡ
ͻЦһҸһڣԼʴܹõľ񲨶, ص˵ͷСĵĻԽԽˡ
Ԭѩ̲סϵԼ§ۣҪһһֱôҸöá
һ˵ţ۽ǵؿۡ
ΪܲһֱҸȥ, ܲܵϻʺĺܲܵϻʵۣ˵˲㣬˵˲㡣
۵Ļʺ̫ӻʲô³ġ
ֻ֪ⱲһҪ֮ϡʳЩΪҾƶĸǶͽЦһӡ
ΪʲôҪǧټƵعۣڵ֪׼ӭȢ֣ҵС֮͵͵شŶĺ, ֱӶ˳, ҵΪֻ, ۲Ż, , ˳µسΪеİ¹ɰ, ĸԸΪκ顣
⻰۹Ȼû˿ԥֱ˵ǵȻڣһһԶҸȥ
ϾԬѩĳˣοôƯʮˣɲ˿ϣҪǣΪôĸӣҲֵöһЩ谮
ڷպͻʺӦôã
ձͲӣڶôĸӣոλȻ顣
Ȼǻʺ
ʵϣȻϲʺ󣬵ֻҪһʺΪ֣ҵ飬ȴһƬ飬֪ҳ˵¶ֺ˲ܱ
ҲΪˣ֪ʺȻżȻ䷢Ԭѩ֮ûеһʱʺ
Ϊ֪ʺ϶ǲὫЩй¶ȥġ
ڻҪʺ֣ҵ֧֣Ҫǻʺˣ֣ҿɲһǰĲ
ֻǿϧˣʺûӮİԭҲֻܸԬѩλˡ
ҪʶȤһ㣬ʵʵذѻʺ֮λóյϣδزһ
ҲֻһѣϾ֪ô˽Ҫǰ棬ǾǸԼһʱըõĴ÷ǰ
֪ôĻ³¾Ͳôˡ
뵽һ˿
⻰ԬѩǼŮжʱҲȫһĨЦ⡣
Ҳʱ۵ĹͻȻˡ
򿪹һһ룬˲ճȭֱӾ˺еͻ
һĻСʱͲˣϾǻµʱŻõġ
ǰҪǷȻ
Ҳʱ͵ӵеͻȻ̧žȥֱӾͽǰСײڵء
ܻûע⵽ЩֱӾˡ
Ԭѩ״æǰС
СϵѪۣ̲סԹٴ£Ҳ˺Ӱ
СȴûаıԹ
ΪͷӦ˹ֻ˵Ѿʶʰĵزˡ
ͬһʱ䣬ӵҲߣҲȥ

ž
صʹֱһ˦˻ʺϣȴȻʺзŭ㿴ĺ¡
ΪòҲ֪һǻʺЩߵķգշųȥЩ֤ݣҲǻʺռġ
ʺ˵ǳͷŭû뵽۾ȻᵱԬѩǼֵ
һĻҪǷƽʱԬѩͶЦˡ
ڣǲЦ۾ĻγѪˣɱ˻ʺĶС
Ϊһı˳ñӣǿɾͶʵС˽ӵݣȻϣ˽Ӻͻӵͬȵļ̳ȨͨڱͿ߻ݳ޵ô̻ʵ۸һѵ˽ӣ˵ͬһ˽ӳΪһλʵˡ
ΪˣǰŻὨֱԬѩѾ˵飬ֲϧʹˮƣһԭɲԬѩһ˵裬Ȼһֻǻʵ۵ķǻӣǻʵ۵˽ӵ
Ͼǻƺڵ²Ͽɱ˽Ҫöࡣ
ڣһжûʺͷջˡ
Զ̲ס˵ʣ֮Ҫźá
ֻǼǳˣҲǽӰ
ΪҲ֪ЩͶԻҲˣץ鲻ŶǺõˣôǵĳĻǵӰ£ֻԭܶ·Ƿ˿ԻҷתڣûתڵģĿе϶Ҳһǧɡ
ҲζţԺҪλ͸ˡ
뵽̲סֺݺݵص˻ʺһۡ
ǿ侲
ֱ˵ϴھȥҰ칫ңһƪ幫淢ȥ˵һжģ֮˵ĿľΪңҺڣֻǡ
ֻ˵һʱһҧгݵζ
Ϊ˷յĶУǵͷϳʲô£ǿ϶ỳɵͷϣҪɱڣʱǱ˵ϴˢϵˣֱӱ̨пܡ
Ҳ˵ǲܶԷ֣ǧټƵǰֺ÷ղС
ܲŭ
һ侲϶ھȥϵý壬ȻֱӴȥԼҽԺӼ
ȥϵһˮϴ϶ѳ幫淢ȥ֮εظҰϵۿס
㣬ʺ󡪡
һؿŻʺֱ˵ϣǱиᣬСһȥ˶֪СõĹϵܺ
⻰ʺ˲ֽסˡ
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269 
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⻹˵˵ˣȨƣαЩ֤ݼֱ׾ٵ飬ƫƫǲš
ҪȻ̫ԸȥôǮҲԸҵǸ
ǿ126ڣ126顣
ôһ˵Ҳеˡ
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ǹٵ˲Ťһ˲Ҷײֻۣҧ˵Ѿ51ˡ
ΪոЩɵޣΪһȥһٶڡ
Ϊ̬ǿӲЩԭѾǵֶʼˡ
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ƿص۹ȨĿɲڸᡣ
ڸʮԱа˰λֻ֮࣬Ǽ̶ƿ̫Ȩ
ԻҲЩһܵȡ
ҸʡҲѡˣپɸʡѡٲġ
ҲΪʲôôԼ֧ʵԭ
ΪֻڶˣŻԸѡٵʱƱͶֵ֧ĺѡˡ
ҲΪʲǫ֮̂ڻԾ֮еҪԭ
ǵ֧ʸߴ76ʱҲֻǿĴƽ֧ʶ51ˣ֪ȵĽʲô
뵽ɱ˷ջлʺĶˡ
ӵ˵ȥһˮҧǷڸġߣǸɴ߷գѧԺЩԺʿαǶƵмĺۼ
ֻǻû˵꣬˵УǶƵȻĺۼһҪӼأ
һӼΪҽԺЩѧߣǾѾ˲ƵĴˣһΣǿɳе
ҾӮⳡ˾ʲôãЩڶѾ˷յĹˣûһһȫ۹ҪǰİѷͽΪЩ˰ܴӦʱɾû취ճˡ
ӣڸô죿
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⻰ǰһá
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Ԫ˧ȻҲ߻ҵΪǻҺҵˣǻܲ־ͲֱȽϺá
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֮վָϷգΪǻ˷յĺӣȴҪǰѺӴΪԸ֧һӪѡ
ǶĺӣȻĶǷյģһӼԻٵƻˡ
ǶĺӴӺζҪ֪۴ǰҵԬѩĸ˵ʱѾƻôܻ᲻ǰ׼
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ҺϣҲ˳µĸշ֣ȻԵصļ޸Ǽ϶ؼҲ᳹׵ҡ
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273 
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ô֤ݰҾյδ޶վָˣ˵һʵӦû˷ɡ
ҲҪ˵ʲôڻûлӦһЩģյĻˣ˵ʲôȻûдЩƬƵҳPsͼĺۼǲ˵ЩƬƵûб Ps߼ˡֲɵӣ
ʧʱһѡһѶˡȫ˵ʱԸǸ޹ܺߵġ
˭뵽أϺʵȴǵ󻬼թӰ۵ݼ¶ûôá
ˣҵΪ̫˲ŻᱻʵһˣתڿԭԼ
˵ˣʼʲôˣƫţڳԵѵ˰ɡ
Ҫʲô֪ҪЩģվҷյԭȻǻˣǷղ֧һӪѣԾǰѺӴ֪Щģ嶼ã˶ĺӿԺû취
עˣΪҪӣΪ֧ЩģһӪѡ
ǮôģСǣȴûǮӣЦˣЦˣ
˵ǳ̫ӵôΪ˶ǵĳжԺٷͬĴΪʲôҪô鸾϶ΪģȺжహ࣬Ϊ˱ǳЩʵˣϰǶˣΪʲôҪӣǲǵĸϾҵǮɶЩƶϰյѪǮˣұ಻ȥˣ
ǽЦˣǰֻ˵̰ٶǵڶȹµ仰û뵽ڻټһ̫ӡ
Ѿ˵ˣֻ˵һ䣬ǾǷգ㻹˼˵Լ׵𣬻˼˵Լõ۹̫𣿡
գ̨
գ̨
鶼زˣʲôںţɴֱӷȫͶյĻ̫֮λˡ

á
һ˵۵֧˻ʺ˶ԼͬĹЦ
ϣظǵⲻѣӣջô
˵ţƱӵһ¡
һߣռҡ
ֱʱȻûܴϷһع
Ӧðѷһ͵طֱ뿪
ΪʲôҪȥ
ȥҲˣΪʲôΪʲôҪŷһСʱ
ؼǻԷץ˸š
Ҫǣѷ͵ſڣյ٩ʱ򡭡Ȼֱһţˡ
Ķʲô
ֱӸ߷գĶһСʱʲô
뵽̲סס
ЩҪҪǣȻŷһСʱ
ǲʲôطԾ
ϲˡ
ϲԼСġ
ӦöԷձܶԶ֮ġ
ڡ˲ֱ壬ټ룬Ϊܹܲܵġ
ҲʱϵĹͻȻˡ
Ϣǽ¦ģ˵ǷֳˣܲϵϷա
֪췢Щ顣
ԴˣĵһӦǣձﾹȻ˲°˸鸾ϲnpǵжۺʱŸô棿
ȻŷӦ
ȣ
ں˼ʲô
Ҫ
ҪǷֱˮˡ
뵽Ҫ˳΢΢š
ʱ΢ҳԶˢһ£Ϊע˷ˡ
ʶɨһۣȻͷǷա
˵Ӽðʲôʱ䣿ʲôص㣿ֱֳ֤ܲѡѡ
üͷһ塣
ΪҲ֪ԷȻҺԸӼĻȻȫ׼ģԷôǵ»
ϵЩҲǵһʱ侪סˡ

ջͲӼ
ǲ˵Ǽģ̫ӡҷˣ
Ҳˣ
˵ˣµʱֱ
ҵŰɣ鲻Ǽģ̫ӣǻ̫ѡ
⻹˵

۵Ҳüͷ
ӣôҴӦӼ
ȷӼЩģĺûѪԵϵ
뵽̲סʵȷЩģӵĺǷյ𣿡
ӵ˵ȷΪ鶼ȫ̶ЩģЩģ֮ҲѾӼˣȷǷյĺӣûа
Ҳ֪ղܶʲôֽš
ΪҪôͣڴ֮ǰҲͲᱻˣתˡ
ԷΪʲôҷųĻ
ϣص˵ܷΪʲôҷųĻǶû·ˡ
ǲֱӳ
뵽ϣǰһ˵Ƿյһı֪ܲǼģĺʮа˾žģڶģǻΪĹ϶ɣ⣬ʱӹһ𣿡
û
⻰۵˵۾Ҳˡ
ԽԽúϣ˵ĺеȷǼģĺӵȷǷյĵǰ¡
뵽۵ϣȻˣ϶ھȥϵЩģǷĻظգ˵ǴӦͷӼ
ϴȥһ˻ʼҰ칫ңҲһģ˵ʼҲŻ̫ӻ飬Ըṩغָ̫ӺЩŮʿӼ
ӣá


274 
ЩģͻʼҰ칫ǰŸհ΢, ŷվͻ˸á֡
Ȼըˡ
Ҫ˰
ͻȻ˷ܡ
ͻȻ˷ܣ1û뵽ϻԽԽ󡣡

ȼ״üͷȴøˡ
ΪĲ²ͺϣصĲ², ҲΪ
ǼģȴĴӦӼ, ˵յļƻʧˡ
ˡ
³֪ǽ嶼, Ϊڿ϶ڵ۹̫ӵλϣʱ۲ڿҲԼȫͶ
ʮĻ̫ӣôһ, Ҫ䵽ǧָ³, ֪ء
뵽, ̲סϵĹԣմ˸绰
12
3绰ͽͨˡ
һ, 绰ͷʹյϽ
ȵһԵذĵ׵Ļȫ˵˳ڻ𣿡
϶ˡ
ĻбҪҪȱһǵķâ
ҸƵӼ飬ȻõһҩǱ߰ѡһѶˡܶɱϢųȥʱڿ϶پ鲻š
ֻһһһѶˡʧܣڿ϶ӵزա
Ҳû·ˡ
ܾԷյı, Ӧòʧܡ
Ȼ£ҲͲżռ档
˵أ
룬ֲ, Ӧòܾôõһɡ
һ, 绰ͷʹһЦ
ȣ
ȻΪԼˣЦ
գš
ȣ
վȻЦ
Ȼ˵Ͻǵ, ô˵𣿡
ȣţ
յЦȰ, Ҫپ, ǲܸһġ
һ, ĵͻȻһɲõͷ
Ȼһ룬˵ھȻˣȻҲ²𣿡
ȣ
ȣ
ȣ
͡
ŹԵ˲ࡣ
ȻæҵعҶ˵绰
ʲô²ɣ
Ҫ
ֻǡ
ͼԼһڣȴôҲҲ
̲סֱ
ֱһθԾܲԾ
ûҼϸ룬æصǰһļͼתע
ڷյ¡ڹˣǸһﻹϷ˵϶ѾӦⳡΣİ취Ըûаϣ
ͷβʵ۲̫༱ˡ
ȣ

һ˵һ߳ŭǺ棬淽׼ôⳡΣ
뵽̲סĥˡ
˿ɲ֪Щ
ϣ뵽ģЩȻҲ뵽
ڻʼҰ칫ҹ㷢ȥ۹һݸⳡӼֱ֤˵ʱȻӦǵ֮ȴֻһҴк
ΪǶѾԤϵ˷յ³ˣΪ˱º󱻴ϡ߳īߺڡǡͬˡıǩοʼһصһٿⳡֱᣬȷ۹˶ʱտⳡֱȻᡢҲûҪĿ֮ȥίߡ
Ǿڿɲ֪ЩԿЩ˵ľٶֱĵĻ˲ǹѩһ
θԱߵӺݺǸװĺ֣ôĸʼҴкǲ˵Ҳվ˻ʼߣҲ˵̫Ǳġ
е
ⳡӼûпʼѾ𣿡
ʧΪܳԵһڴأ
ȵȣòǻʼﶯʲôֽŰɣҪȻôӼûпʼǾѾ֪˽ˡ
Ҿ֪ʼûôʵôķλ̫ɨأǿ϶ⳡӼﶯʲôֽš
٣ȻЩģҲʲôöǻʼ̤ǵɵĺ𣿡

ЩЩѾµ̲ס˵

治֪Ǽٲ֪
ʲô
ǲЩģĹɣΪղӪѣǴ̥һŭ֮£վҴյĿģ
ǲˣǰſǸովһٶڣڣ˵ˣٰ߰˸鸾ʮӶ㹻ˡ



Ŷ
ɵˡ
ҲɵˣųԹϣȻôҪˡ

⵽ôһ£
ôһ£˳˹ľ֡
룬˭ʹ޷գҪǵ̨ˣ˭
壿
Ե
ң
ʵۣ
Բۣʵۣ

ɲ𾴵Ļʵ۱һ𣿡
ˣ֮ǰ̫ع˻ʵ۳飬ֺһٶڣ»ʵ۵ֱ֧½˽ʮ㣬¸Ǵѡ¡Իʵܲǻʵ¡ҪǷΪ鱻ˣܱ֮ǰһ֮𣬶Ҳ˳µļλ̫֮λˣ
ûҾΪ鼤ԹͨӦҲǨŭʵһȥϾֲǻʵ۵ӡ
ʲôһ˫ˡ



ʾĹֱӾ͵˵ϡ
ȻÿһƬɿڵĹϱȷѪꡣ
Ҿ˵Щ߹ٹѾ֪ӼĽΪʲôֻʵһҴкȴѻ̫һߡ
˿Źϯ̨һķգ벻Ŷˡ
һֱʼҵıܣʾɱȵӾ羫ʶˡ
ǿɲ˭ǻǸƹأʲô硢絫һģ󣬾⣬ôܿõʵ磿
Ҳǡ
Ա˵ЩˣСıɱ
ȻǣͻȻеۻ̫ӣʵһҪ

ʲô۵ģʼҾȻҰֵô󣬾˵Ǹȥ׷飬ôõһûʼҶĻᣬЩôܷŹҲζЩģĺʮа˾Ƿյġ
Ҳ˵շԵʮа˾Ҳġ
ȻӬ޷ĵ
Ƿյȷûʲôͬġ
ˣȻѾ֪ˣҲɢˡ
𰡣ˣôʼһӣȫ£Ͼ˼һʼΪ˴ôһϷ̨ӣҲס
Ҳǡ
ҲʱģˣͰ
գģҧгݵ̫ӵ£ǲǸ֣ҪֻܹԼ̫١
ҲģҪǰѶĺӴˣԺɾû취ٻˣǻ̫ӣҲܰǳΪĸ׵Ȩ𣿡
⻰˶Լͬؿ˷ա
ȻǾͿǸûЩŪԼĹԡ
Ӻܣ
ջһ
ֱĹԱ̫ӵ£
̧ͷ˿۵ˣֿ˿ģģٰѸղŵĻظһ飬ֱ˵ˣȻ˶ˣǾֱӿʼӼɡ
ô£պһ㶼żӣ
ղΪӣֳĹںֱѣЩҹҲһ¡
˵۵ˡ
ǺܿҵɣǾǷƹˤֿˡ
뵽ѹ۵׵Цվ
һȣΪҽЩռ˴ĹԴеǸ
˵ţžͷڵķؾһ
Ȼ˵Σ޻Ļףʼţ̫Ӳ⼸λŮʿ˵ˣΪ˻̫һףڶԻҲҪᣬǲŻٿⳡֱᣬھƷϹԱԼڲѫΪֱļ֤ˣȷ͸
󣬱ֱʹõӼǣҩṩΪԷһҩһṩʮ̨ոճ¿ӼǣӼ֮ȫļ߼
鵽ˣҩҲǻʵ۵µһҹ˾ʵʱרᵽ˾Ҫ˵û棬Ҷš
ֹһ˫񰡣һ񰡣
Ҳʱ򣬹Աʮ̨ͷСӼǰڵϡ
Ȼ۾ʮλҵרҴ̨ЩӼǷԭװûжֽš
ȵЩȷЩӼûжֱֽ֮תͷգ壬Կʼˡ
̨µĹڰֱ˲侫
ڽˡ
ҲЦˣ˵ð
Ϸڿˣ
Ȼ̨µļںֱѵ棬ʮ״ӵҽֳһ̨ȡ˷ʮͷֳһѪһģһȫ޾ȳȡһǵľѪȻֳȡһСǵˮ
ǽյͷģľѪֱŽ̨ӼУǽյѪҺģˮҲֱŽ̨ӼС
ȻֻҪ֮󣬼浯ˡ
ؼұϣһߺſȣһ߿ֱǵ⡣
ˣ
ӵʱ䲢
ܿ죬ֻһĶϵЩӼǾһһؽ浯˳
۵վֻ˵߷ԺϯŷΪǽʾ
ϯٵվЩӼǡ
ĴӵҲֱ壬ǱŲѣ˶֪ǽţѹסĵ׵˷ܰˡ
۷ա
Щ̨ͼôܷŹôʵ˲䣬Եʮֱ׼˷ա
ȻյؿϵӾֱӳϿյĴĻԼֱ

ô£ôһ㶼ŵӣ
ѵʲô֣
ôܣҪܱͣƵӼ֤ף
ӣ˰ɣ
пܡ
Ҳʱϯߵұߵһ̨ӼǰϷļ棬Ȼֱסˡ
һֱû˵ڳԼֱһֱȴĹڶʱͼˡ
ô£
ŷô
ЩȷӦǵٿֱɵϯٵϿա
һ룬ļֱӳϿյĴĻԼֱ
Ȼ˾Ͷ˼۵ġ񶨸Ȩϵ֡
۵ϵֱӾͽסˡ
⡢ôܣ
̨µЩҲ˲ˡ
ô£
˵Щģĺʮа˾ŻǷյ𣿡
˵̨Ӽǳˣ
⻰۵˵۾˲ˡ
ЩҲӦ˹һ룬ЩֱӼǡ
ڶݼⱨ棺񶨸Ȩϵ
ݼⱨ棺񶨸Ȩϵ

һĻĻ۵ϵ鳹׽סˡ
Ȼ󣬵ھŷݼⱨ棺񶨸Ȩϵ

ʮ˷ݼⱨ棺񶨸Ȩϵ

ʮݼⱨ棺񶨸Ȩϵ
䣡
˶ˡ
Ӹѿڶⲻܣܡ
˲䷴ӦȻתͷ˷ա
ֻЦ˵ôܣ
ϾܲЩ⣬ֻʮλרҴö˰ɣ
⻰ʮλרҴõ˲ͺˡ
ǵ˵ҵЩû⡣
ߣֱԼĶӣ˵棬ԼͲԣͷϰһͷȻһӼ
ļȻǡ϶Ȩϵ
۵˵ѿˡ
ǵɿ˵⣬ǱˣЩҲ۵µҩṩģǱ˳ҩŴһ棬Ҫô˵ˣǶҩžǻԵĴ
Ҿ˵ˣֻҲǲŵġ
ⲻҪģҪǡЩǶõˮ©ΪʲôһӼĽǷոЩģĺûѪԵϵ
뵽۵Īһݡ
ΪҲ֪Ƿյֱʡ
ôģ
ֻ޲ھŶһסˡ
Ϊֱỹûнء
뵽Ҳֻվ˵Ȼˣֻ˵̫Ӻ⼸λŮʿĺûйϵǿϲɺء
˵̲סճȭ
ΪʶǷѾ˼ƶļƻȻôʧˡ
֪ʱ򣬷յͻȻ
˵ʵ۱£ô˵⼸λŮʿĺӸûйϵأ
ʲô
ڳ˶Լͬתͷ˷ա
ֻվùһݼⱨ棬ЦЦ˵ݼⱨ˵ҺλŮʿ˫̥ۼȨֱָΪ61%72%֪ζʲô𣿡
⻰Եҽʶ˵ζţȻӣǸпѪԵϵ
⻰۵˵ɫȫˡ
ΪֱǣͻȻ飬ǲ⡣
ȻһǾ˵Ȼˣʵ۱ºͼλҲ˳⼸λŮʿӼˡ
ϾٿⳡֱĿıΪ˰ǶӵĺҰְֲ𣿡
ڳĹԼֱѣ

۵˵ɫ˲ͱˡ
ΪҲ֪ռȻҪǾ˵϶ƶЩģĺӸйϵ
һʵһ㣬ǵ³֪
뵽۵Ҫҽھܾ
Ȼѻ˵ڣռ˵ʵ۱ӦòܾɣϾڳôڻֱôѿأǻʵ۱й
⻰˶תͷ۵ˡ
˲ͫһ
Ϊնô˵ˣҪǻܾĬ˵йĻ
ôҲû뵽̶̲ʮӵʱ䣬Ǻͷյλþͳ׵ߵ˹
ڸô죿
Ҳֻܶˡ
ЩģĺӲǵģķǡ
뵽ҧ˵Ȼܶô˵ˣΪ֤ǵףҲֻܸ⼸λŮʿҲӼˡ
ûЩģĺӾ㲻ǷյģҲǵģϾǶ뵽İ취ȥƷգôܲͬİ취ǣǿɴûнԼľʧȥ
뵽۵˵ҲӦ˹ҲҧгݵǾɡ
ֻһΣǵĲʡ˺ܶ࣬ЩҽֻȡǵһЩѪҺȻֱЩģˮһӼ
һΣϯĽ
ֻȻѾ׼ǿһⱨʱʧ룬Ȼ˵ŮʿĺӴڸӹϵ
ʲô
ͫ˽ⲻܣܡ
Ȼ鵽ﻹûУΪţϯ˵ŮʿĺӴڸӹϵ
Ҳ˵ܣͱסˡ
ˣǳڱǡ
ĻʣµǸģ˫̥϶ˡ
һͳ׻ˣȻҲвĻ̫֮λˡ
ȴ쳣侲
ΪͻȻ뵽һ㣬ǾǷȻˣǼֵܺɲһǵڶûŮѻδޣԾֳ˽Ҳء
Է뿿鳹װ⵹ǣֱڳ˵Ρ
뵽̲סЦ
һΣǴˣûϵֻҪۻڻʵ۵λȵģǾͻоĻᡣ
ʱһҪǧС
֪ʱϯٵһΣһ˿⣺뽪Ůʿ˫̥еŮڸӹϵʡʵ۱뽪Ůʿ˫̥екڸӹϵ



275 
ʲô, һиͬʱ˵ĺӡ
ҪôȺˣҪôͬʱҪôͬʱڵĺܶŮ
һ, ۳鶼ʵˡ
ȻڳĹԼֱѾų˵һ֣ΪҲ֪, ǸҪаѵ۹ʵۺͶͬʱŪڹ֮еı, ܳü˻ֻǸʮģ
Ǻ֡
˫ɣ
˶
лˣ

˵ҲȥأֻǵѵĻʵ۶, Ǹģֻ˻ʵۺͶӵĺأ
, ɽϵˣ

˵Ŀⶼ΢۵ŷӦ
, ܡ
ɺ, Ѿ֪ǵڼ˵Ļˡ
Ȼ˵Щ鶼ȫ̶Щġ
ЩӼҲҶ˹, Щģĺôǵģ
һԵӼʱӦ, ס죬ûʣµĻȫ˵
һĻ, ǶЦˣ
Լ˿ɻС
סʲô, ֪֪иڶ塣
úǶɵ, Եڶ֪Ǵʲôһ

Ҳʱ, յô, ܲҰҹܵλŮʿķ, ʲôѧַ˵Ի÷ǶĺӵԭҵѪϢ, Ȼ󻻳ǵѪϢɣ
۵ˣ
ڳеĹԼֱѣ
ȣ
ڳЩȷӦ˹Ի÷ɻУӾ綼ûô
ҪڶѾǼʱ, ˵ˡ
ҲӦ˹
Ȼ, ַ˵Ķĵֱ
Ȼ˵, Ѿ˲𣡡
Ȼ, ˵仰Ӧò˳ԲģֻǾô侲Ϊƹˤ˰ɣ
⻰ӵ˵۾˲͸ˡ
ȻǻûŪףյôЩģҪǻ֪鶼ڷյļƻ֮УҲͰ׻ôˡ
Ҳ˵ԴΪͬӼΪ˱˲ﻹֵôƹˤڣնһ
Էڳǡ
տɲֻ볰ǣ˵˵Ļǣһ˵ˣһĽϽ飬Ұǰ˵ˣȵȡ
˵ʲôһȻҲˣҵʱ˵⻰ʱҺ񻹸ϣغŮʿδ޹ϵţԶ飬ҪҵǸ֮һһ͵ġ
˵ҼȻһĽϽȻͿɲ黨ǲݣϽֻµһŹҡ
ȣ
ڰ칫ǰͦ۹Ͻµֵ쾡¡
ȻˣҪĶûкĶγˮǾ͸ˡ
һһֱǵôߣǰ΢ϸּд˽ҲˣھȻô˵湫ʾ
ʲôµһŹ
˵ĺѾһˣǸ׾һ
ֱҪ
ڳЩԼֱѣ
ֻǷӦ˵ȻЩŮʿĺӶҵģǿڿ˵Ұ߰˸鸾飬Ǵ̥飬ȻҲǼٵˡ
Ȼ󲻵ѻ˵꣬ڳĹԼֱѾѾʣµĻȫ˵ˣ
Ҳ˵Щա̫ӳӵұϲŰŮƬƵҲǼٵඣ
⻹˵ˣЩƵƬûٳ⼸ģӰ
ȵȣЩƬƵǼٵģǵʼóЩ֤ʵûгƬ᲻ҲǼٵģ

Ųţˡ
Ի̫˵ЩģһĶǻʵһҸĹ
ʲô
͵ʴѡʴʯף
ԲЩĻǼٵģֻ֪һ㣬Ǿһڻλ˶ʮĻʵۣټǼŶӺŮȻǷôһܻ̫ӵĶ֣
̫ӵţƣ
Ի̫ӵôһģ
⻹òʮа˾ţЩģĺӾǵģ֮ԸҰЩģƳ϶ΪӼֽţ֤ʮλרҲֲˡϾЩӼǿǰֵµĹ˾ṩġ
Ի̫ӸЩģӼʱ򣬳ļⱨĽŻǻ̫ӺЩģĺӹϵ
ǻ̫ӹʶǵĹƣȻֱӰЩӼָֽĻˣŻӡ
е
Ǿ仰Ųţˡ
̫ӵţƣ
ֹǾϣM˹ӵź˵¶ûô𺳡

۵˵ָ׶ȥˡ
ΪҲ֪ڳЩڻڹۿֱѣڲ֪黹Ψ²ҵ£ô顪
ǵ׻ˣ
鵽ﻹûأ
Ҳʱ򣬷յ
۵ˣҲЩֱü΢Ц˵ûʲô̫ȱ㣬ֻһ㣬رСҪҵˣҶᱨȥġ
⻰ֱǰĺϣԼʺĪһݡ
˵꣬վʩʩȻվȻ˵ע£˷ϵĻҳֱ뿪˻᳡
ݵ֮󣬳˲
CPˣⳡֱᣬֵˡ
Ӽûпʼ֮ǰһ˵Ѿ֪ˣɢţҺһλֵܽȰһˣôʼһӣȫ̡ҪȻҿɾĴôȺһˡ
Ҳǣлλֵܽãس꣡

ֳĹԼֱѡ
˭뵽أΪĴ׵ĸʵһͷز©Ƥܰҧǣ
ڳЩҹ塣
۵׵һޡ
һ룬ǲڴһıлع
ģ֣́򿪹ԣҪ߼ˣ˳ȥһ·ա
뵽ʲôͻȻЦˡ
Ϊδزһ¡
ڱôһ֣۾ӹһ٣ҲⲻҪԪˡ
ʼһ£Ʊֻһ鵰ճվȨҲޣôùǡ
ߣɲ
ž̵ְ˰ɣ
뵽ٿ۵˵ʱЩҹеͬ˲ɢ˴룬ȡֻ֮͵
ע⵽ЩҹĿ⣬ֻúͷһȣҪǶӼʱסֻ͵ȥˡ
Ҳ֪ڿɲεʱǿͷۻҧгݵߣ
ȵǻصʹҲڻ
ǹû˵£Ǽģ˼ʮӼȷǶĺӾǻ̫ӵġ
ԷЩӼֽš
ʵԭǷЩģϵԻ÷ʱˡ
˵ЩҲѾˡ
С˵ʣڸô죿
ΪھǰٰЩӼųȥҲˡ
ô죿
һࣺ֮ζܱϳ͸˫ɵĳš
Ϊʵء
ӣǻѳǷԵģΪľûʼͬҲٸ꣬Ҳ϶ˡ
⻰һȴû˵ֻ۽ǵȫŵϡ
ҲĬˡ
ǵӣӵĻ֪ܲѾ˰취ǵ˵ʣʲô취ǵ˵
ǽĿ⣬˵Ҳֻһ˳ȫˣֻҪΪ鸶˴ۣڲŻԸǣʱһЩȵĴʩһӦܶȹһ١
ϵһ
ǻʵۣǾϣȻվ鿸
϶ۿõļ̳ˣ϶Ҳܱ۵㡣
СŮӣҪ޳ȥģϻ̫ӣȻûҪƷգҪǰȫƵϣŶ̫ˣڲϵġ
ʣµѡֻˡ
ȻҲ뵽ЩԶĿ⣬ѿڶ磬˵˾ͱ¨ӣҪ⣬Щôᱻֽţܲȥ㶥װɣ
⻰ۺͶӶû˵
˲ǵ˼
һʣҺòײԴʦɿӣҪұҵǰ;ҵδɾȫˣ۹̫Ҫεġ
Դʦǵ۹һ״ʦҪܳΪĵӣԻʼҲмİ
ﻹ˵Щ
Իʵֻ˵ϴҪһ㡣
ӵ˲Ͱˡ
ţֻؿۺͶһۣ˵֪ˡ


276 
Ȼ, ϣۡѺŴȥ۹Ͷ׵Ϣѡ
żʮͲֱ򣬴һҰ, ԼΪ˶գǰͿʼ߻ȫˡ
գΪ۲ΪǵƵ顣
ڰǰȡյľӣͨ˹ֶ, Щиͼʹ÷ɨص顣
ʾһνյƬЩģƬPһ𣬲ȷ˷
۹ͳһͨ棬ȷھӼǼλŮʿĺӵȷǷյġ
ͬʱ, ۳ŵὫǼģĺӸ, ϾЩӿǴӡģҲٴԼյĻ̫֮λ飬ֱԼڴﵽ֮, ͽʵ֮λա
ʺҲٴηĳʼûг졣
Ϣһѣ
û뵽ྐྵȻ
Ӽֽŵǻ̫ӣҾȻһ㶼ûв¶ԣ
Իʵ۱һֱѻλ̫ӵģֻǱ, Ҳ˵ʵҲܺߣ
Ӧǵİ, Ͼʵ۱ⶼˡ

, ôĹˣǾȻŻʵһҵĹ
ҪгĻ, ͸ֱλͣϸ, ΪӦԭǴ, Ǽǧǰĺ˹
һ򲽽, ˵ĶģһѣôպݶǸʲôö
֪Ĵ뵱ʵۣ֪ܲʣµӿ϶Ҳпܻͬ˼𡪡ҪȻ쳴ʲôҪѻλ̫ӣҪ˵ľͲֻʹλ̫ӵĻֱӷĲܳκε飬Ὣλĺӣһٻܱ֤ʣµӲʲô˼
Ŷ
٣ֱһɻȥˡ
ҲǹĵģΪ˱סȻϧǵĴӴͽ

һʱ֮䣬ҪλĺԽԽ
ܿ죬ϵķرˡ
Ϊļ죬үڰһһ̫ͻȻǧѵһĴűܵⳡűӰ죬ںеǺͷɴʧȥƣ׹ڵأM޸Ƕر˰˼ϵĴ
۵һʱվ˳ʼڡ
ϢһѵĿڷֱӾͱˡ
ٸڣǻʼˡ
ΪһMˣһ֮յĵһݾԮʾǻʼṩMˣʾ鲻һĸӣʼˣ⼸첻ΪܲܶԷɡ
鸴 1

Ȼû죬ֱοMΪصݾʱһֻոշĳűٻĳӵص˳˲һ˼
ΣͷͦŻʼһһڣһߵ壬ͷӸͻȻˣʻһնɱֻ
ӱȻһʱ䱻ͽҽԺȴĶݿˣ
Ϣٹ𾪡
ټϻʼҵˮʼˮ㣬Ǻܿ죬ӾͶšСȡ͡ݶˡĳƺŰռ˸罻̳ѵһ
⣬Сȡ
ʲô𣬶ӶʮնɱһֻȳԪ˧꣬Ͻֻ꣬Ĺֵǳ𣿡
##˼ҳԪ˧նɱĿһֻʢʱڵĳϽֻΧ£նɱһֻһֻɱֻأֻһֻոշĳѣͷ˰ɣ
Ҳʮа˾ǻʼҵһ
⻹ʮа˾ţԾǺ𣬱Ͼʼڿ˵ǽ壬ôܷŹôõһĻ᣿

ôˣ˼ƾ汾ڳб£ҲȥɱһֻҪû£ͱϹƱơ
ƾʲôϴӢȴ֢໤֪
ˣֻ֪ҪǶƴȫնɱһֻ˵Ҿⳡսˡ
ѾǶӵҷˡ
˵ӼʻĻǴġ
ò˵ȻӵƷôǴӵ츳Ľ
ǰ
ͳ£ֻ˵ȻʵһƷЩ⣬ΪִߣٻǺϸġ
⵹ġ
ҲӬ޷ĵƷҲûõĶȥҪȻʵһôĿ

һϹҪλĺҲˡ
á
˵ֻ֧ص49%̲סս˫ȭ
һԵĺϣغͻʺҲ̲סһ
ֻҪڻʵ۵λĺúõģǾͻзϣ
˸ӦԼʱҪȻҲȡôõЧ
˵ĿɲΪĶݿˡ֢໤ĶӣϣȻϴ˱Ǿ
⻰̲סļ˵ĹӦүŶԡ
Ҫүӣǽײ֣ô򵥵ؾϴˡ
ֻ˷ܹ󣬶ӵֳ˵յôЩӼֽŵ𣿡
Ϊ飬ʼɨء
Ϊ飬ǲòѴ˳ȥȻ鱾Ǵͱ¨ӣǲô˵Ӷǵ׶Ӹ磬ԴȻ
Ϊ飬۵װµҩŵĹƱһȵֱֵ֮ͣʮڡΪṩӼֽţڳʮλרҴþȻûз֣ҵڶҩŵֱƲ
Ϊ飬ʼҲòȥٸڡ
ǿٸڰͿǵļҵס
ҪǣΪ飬òʻŻȥֻƴĶݿˣڻ֢໤ŵϢǼٵģֻΪ˻ڵͬ;ɢȥģֻҲһնɱģȥǧʼһʿİ²ųɹնɱģΪ˻ʼһӼ˹룬ֻΪ˳ȫԲûй¶ȥ˿ϢΪնɱֻҲǺüβɥҲˡ
һеףǷա
⻰ʺ˵ɫҲˡ
ǻʺ󡪡
ΪʼҾȥٸڣʮģ֮ôΪֺۡ
Ȼҧûг飬ֲ֣ɵֱ˰һ飬Ȼûץס۳֤ݣȴʵѾṳ̂ķ顣
֣ȻŭѣΪһ֣ҵĺôһԴ֣ҵŮֱǿɶ֮
Ҫţ֣ͺͻʼҷˡ
ҲΪˣ֣Ҷʧѣǰÿʮڵʽ֣ϼҲүүľʮ٣Ƕûȥμӡ
ܲ޷
ƫƫӸĴǣûС
˵ػزı飬ʼûзַյôЩӼ϶ֽţǶʲôֽš
ͷһҩ֮⣬ûٺ˽ӴԻϿųЩ걳һ֧׵ߺйĿܡ
ӵǺһЩҲ˵ջǰǸգһ֮ӹһ٣һϴĺڿͣ
⻰ϣص˵ҲζţҪʰ׾ٵ顣
۵ҧгݵһΣһһҪŪǸС
ҪȻôйͷ֮ޡ
֪ϣĬ˽ʮķͻȻֱ
Ϣڷ׷ӿֱ䡣
ֻմһ״ӣĵطǸʵҡ
˵ԭΪӺôһ£ϾҪĽ˼Ⱳӿɾˣû뵽Ȼˣʧ
һѣ
˼ǻ̫ɲŻʼҸĽඣ
գԹλǵ֮ǰӼֱ˵Ļ𣿡
˵鵽ﻹûأ
оǣرСԵҪңҶᱨȥġ
һѣҪ˵˼
Ҿ˵ôô̫һ㶯ûУԭء
ͻȻ˷ܣ
գ˵ʵһңֱ˵λνǰδһҡ
ȴλνǰδһҿʼˡ
ȣҪΪ֮ǰϣغŮʿŻԼϵʱ򣬾Ͻ飬ٴڵǸ
˫ûסôֱȣ

գֻ֮ڵǸϣŮʿǸΪȳӣ䡣
һѣ
ȻѾԤϵһλ̫׼ϿܻͣôҲû뵽ôͣһӳôһϡ
գ֤ﻹûУϾ˽ʱһԺץǵ֤ݡ
û֤ݿɻУ
û֤ݣ㻹˵Ļ
Ƿ̰֪𣿡
գҲ֪û֤ݵ£ǲЩģ˵ǣҲͲ˵Ļˡ
˵ţϵĹԣһ
Ȼ̧ͷ˵ˣǿȥҵ΢Ͽˡ
ֱĹ˲ȫӿ˷յ΢
Ĳǽǰͺϣ⼸¼ȫ΢϶ѡ

Щʲô𣿡
ȥ˺ΪһδޣϢȻֻвǧƽһ
¥ٶȾˣȻôͽЩ¼һ顭һ˵һҺͬһϢһ֮ࡣ
ʾҺŮһһǧ
ЩϢǸʰܶʱ򣬺ϣضǵڶ졢ǵ̫ٴʱŻظ̫һ䣬⻹𣿡
һûʲô⣬ϾǱ˫֮䶼ûʲô飬Բô첻Ǻ𣿡
ûʲô飬ô쵱ȻǺ飬ǲˣ֮ǰǼģվָ֤յʱ򣬺ϣؿǵһʱվƲϵ˳һţʱϣųĻǣӷ̫ˣͷյĻԼʹ˽͵ôԷյһƬĶι˹ϣԺΪ֮
һƬģ

ԭһ治Ż̫˵Щģˡ
̫˵ĲģǺϣؿ϶ͻʵһһģһǸҪļ˵϶ġ
˵տֱͬǵһʱ򿪹Եĺϣֻǰһڡ
ЩȥһȥˣȻôҪˡ
黹û꣬˵׼ôϣغͺؼң
˵ؼ˾һ幹ʴϵģһصģһӪҺģҹ˾Ǹڵҵ̳
˵Цˣ֮ǰǻڻ˵һѶˡҷ𣿡
죬ҾһºؼҵƷ˳Ľһºˡ
ڸĽ֮ר˭ǻ˵


277 
⻰, һѣ
Լϣصˣ
ǵĵһ뷨ǣʲôЦ
ϣֱӾЦˣҪЩô׾ܱ˲͸ǡؼµҹ˾ҲͲڶ̶̼ʱһԾΪҵ̳ˡ
ʵϣԭ˵, ҪЩô׾ܱ˲͸, һ, Щķ߾ͲֻƾЩһԾΪ̽¹ˡ
û, ЩԭǺؼҵġ
֮ĵһ˺ؼҡ
Ҫ˺ؼôףοʱŸոճ, ڼûʲôȨ
ͰĿͶ̳ϣһļڣ׾ٵľѡ˼ھ׬ǮһûʲôıĿ, Ȼǵӵǡ
, ЩĿ, ںؼҽ˻ȨؼҲΪǮ, ָ, ;ԽԽ˳ڶ̶̲ʱ, Ǿʹźؼɱ˵۹һҵС
Ȼ, ЩҪ, Ҫ, ؼҿЩ׬ôǮôܻ᲻ۺ, ôܻ᲻ȥоЩ, ֱڡ, Ӧ˵ֱһըʱЩɶûбƽ˵Ľˡ
ֻô룬ϵЦȴĽסˡ
ΪͻȻ뵽һ㣬ǾǷûȫ׼ôܸҵżǧѵųĻ
۵ȻҲʶһ㣬ȻϵҲˡ
һҲӦ˹ȻǾе㲻ܣһ̫ĳɹأ
뺦ң
Ҫ㡣
ҵļ
Ҫо˳һ¡
ˡ
ˣҵļҵˣҿ׼׼Ʋˡ

ʲôǿ߼̼
ͳһ㣬̫ǧҪɹ
ͬʱյȻˣǾʹӷ幹ʴϿʼɣ
˵ţֱϵһ˸źɫİ״ϣ˵ҴӼU-430ǽϰһϣɺؼµƼģȻȽķʴϣǵǰԼ۱ߵķʴϣΪܷʴ֮⣬һķãһĵǹڹ
һ£ﶼЩԪء
ֻתǿ״ϷŽһ̨͵ĻǼʱȽĿѧԲӵʱ䣬ӳˡ
ż˵O21C15Fe11Zn10Ti3Ce2Al5Si4Ag4Pb1
գܺã򵥵ز²һﶼЩ
˵ţֱͳֽͱʣһ߿żһд̼ԪغԪصĺӦûTiO?ZnOCeO?Al?O?SiO?PANI֬
ٲοǽ֮Լ̫պпķ϶ʴżʴ;ȸʴ⣬ӦõҶͪơ
ȻпõЩϣٽвͬλãǾζ漰ĹտþϽԷ΢ϽգӶƹա
Сʱʱ䣬վдֽ
д̧֮ͷֱ򣺡Ҳ֪ôһСȻôĲϣԡ
ֱʣ֣̫֮иӵĻԷʴϱ뾡ͬʱ߱ȡͼ¡𡢿ƣ͵ص㣬ͬĲȣЩͨĲϿֱӻˡ
ٶԱһЩϺͬϵܣȷ˵PANIĲΪ0.01ʱ򣬾Ϳڽγɼȶ㣬ΪˣӰ쵽ƵĸͿĿ϶ʵЧԭǡ
һ˵ţһǼֽϻǰСʱ֮󣬰ҳֽ˰ҳ
˵ĲƵģкһֲϴĲϵЧӰģ硭
ǽСʱóһӣʣµļʮֲһ飬Ȼɾɾĸģִӱһ˼ϣϳʮ
һ߼ɾһֱ߲Ĺڽôԭ򣺡U-430ǽʹõYF-98ⷢȼβ⣬Ĵڻ֧ϵͳฯʴգ֧ϵͳǿȲǽ׻ٻۺǿȲķųˡ
ֻʣ
Ĳ𻹲һĴ󣬴Ӳϵգ߰˴Ĳ
һѣ
һѧȻôѧֱСʱ
ȻҶԻѧʲôһϲͨҾȻֻ̫ӵóĵĴ
Ҳǡԭ˵̫һѧĵģﶮʲôϹ̣ҶѾ˵һʱ̫ӵĴ׼ڣϵıʼѾдʮҳˡ
PS˵۹һѧѧϵʿоڶҲΪʲô֮ǰҴŵһʱ̫ӵĴҪԭ.jpg
ʮҳıʼʲôʾֱ¼ˡҲΪѧϰֻΪӵ֪ܵͨˣ²Ϲ˾Ա
²Ϲ˾Һ˵ŶˣԭҵڵһˣǾΪ϶ˡ׼͵ʦ
ޣҵϵѺýôܽ͵أ
Ҳ˵̫ӷŷпˣ

ͬһֱֱǰĺϣص˵۾Ѿˡ
ЩѲ֪ЩʵΪЩ˻֪ܲ
еһŷ˵ٷ֮ٻԭǿͷʴϼٻԭ˰ٷ֮ʮ
Ҳʱ򣬷ռ˵ŷһŻͷϵʵ䷽أ
ϣص˵˲ɤۡ
տһҪѡźá
Ȼһ룬ͿϵŷҾŷпܡ
⻰ϣص˵۾˲ˡ
ȻǸ˼ӣֱͻȻЦˣòҲ֪ؼ˻лʵһӦöڿҵֱ
Ʈڿеֱ򣺡ˣǵģ
˵ţֱӽϵŷӻϣϵŷΪпͷϵʵ䷽
˵ˣѡŴ䷽ƱͬƷĻͷ䷽ǲǴ
⻰ϣصϵֱӾѿˡ
۸ҧгݵա
Ǻܿ͹˲Ϸŭˡ
ֻЦ˵ƤһҺܿģھͿʼʵɣ
ȻƱƷĹУһЩС⣬ЩôѵõСʱ֮˳ؽƷƱ˳
ȻֱӽƱƷŽ֮ǰƷɷֵĻ֮󣬼ӳˡ
ż˵O21C15Fe11Zn10Ti3Ce2Al5Si4Ag4Pb1

˵һģһֱֱӸӡһż
Ҫۿ̫ӰƷƱ˳ҶҪǲֱõһżںŪˡ

ʱ˿̣ϣصԺҲֻʣһ仰ǾǷվȻİǵǿͷϸԭˡ
Է˵ŸͷϵĻ᲻Ҳ桪
ܡ
ϣĴңܽǵͷϻԭֻ˵ĻʵⲢз츳ˡ
˵ͷϵ˾Ǹţͨѷ£һֻǱȥоһԭϣһ쿪ڷмͷĲϣͼԼӶƹգ㼯ԭϵĳܸԭϵĶ̴ʹڻѧϴﵽһǡôƽ⣬ʹͷһ
Ҫǣɹˣ
ȻվЦˣķͷķͺһˣֻܵͨǹ
Ȼˣǲͳˡ
ãһ뵽ĻǵĳɱӦúͺؼҵͷϵĳɱࡣ
ĸСʱ󣬷ֱӽǿǽϲİͬƱƷʵȻһʽǹͶ׼ġ
飡
ǹǿǽϲİȻûб͸ȴһӡǣģǹֻһǳǳĻۡ
ţֱӻһڣȻٴζ׼ġ
䣡
۵ɢȥֻǿǽϲİѾһصķĩмƷĴֱӱһ󶴣ұߵƷȻذ˽ȥȴûб͸
ռ״üͷһ
ϣصˣ
һѣ
Ȼ֪ƷķʴͷΣڷϣķʴ϶Ȳϰɣ
ֹ÷϶ڶܷס𣿡
ȻƷڶܷסˣǾζܵ潫µĳĹ˰
˵ʲôأ̫ӵţơȵȣղ˵̫ӵ¸ϣ÷ϻҪ



ؼҵؼӦõģҷҵʲô


278 
֪, ֮󣬻ԷҵɶĳǶ֪ϵķʴͷΣ, Ӧ˵, ûаʴͷҲ㹻ڷҵɱ߽߳ˡ
ʧ꼰ٰʮĸڴ󺣵㣬˳ϲҲ
ҷ·Ѿһ˾յ²ĲԱ֪ͨһĻˡ
۵һ˳


һʱ֮, Ȼ֪Ǹͬ, Ǹͬؼң

ֱʱ, ϣص˲ڷӦ
ավȻĸǼҵǿͷʴϣ
Ұ˵ͷʴϱǵĳɱҪһЩ
֪һͷʴ֮, Ժؼɶĳ
Ҫ֪ǿͷʴ, ƼÿܸؼҴʮڵ
, һϾҪջˡ
Ȼջû걨ͷʴϵר
ⶼѾǼʱˣοǵǧڵͷʴ, ער飬ڸвͨ
ԡ
ֻƼ, ֻºؼµ۱ҲϾҪˡ
Ͼһʼ˵ľҪѺؼµ˾ȫٵ
ԭΪ쿪, ֻһĹ, ƼžѾˡ
뵽ؼֻǰһ, Ȼʲô, һƺݺݵش˺ϣصϣ, Ҫӽ͵һ, ˷գҲӡ
ϣֱӾͱؼˡ
ܿͷӦ˹
ؼȻҴ
ؼƾʲô
Ҳ룬ؼнĻԻͣ˭
Ҫǳıߣؼұ˵Щ׬ôǮˣЩż
ҵ׼ӵʱ򣬿רŸؼģؼǵһ̬֧ˡ
ڣؼȻѹȫƵϣ
ؼȻҲʶЩеһĨ飬ֻһ룬Ͷ˺ϣغ޲ɱĿ⡣
Ȼе˲һɨ⣬̲סһ˦˺ϣϣʲôﻹ𣿡
ǺؼϼȷӦеĹȣشŵ棺ˣҪҪôⳡΣ
ؼ֮ô̵ʱ³һУľǽǮ֪ؼҵĸж಻ȣһҹ˾ûˣȴؼҵĽʲô
ѾƷȨ۷ζôԸķ⡣
ؼ˵֮жⳡֱ
ڷǱߣһȥƻգһҪŹһ
˵ֱתͷ˺ϣأҲһȥҲʲô취㶼Ҫ÷ԭ㡣
Ǹͷܡ
ϣص˵
һֱӳȶӵ𣬵ʱɾȫˣô˳ؼ޸ӣϻʺ
졣
ؼ˵Ҫֻ֪бȫ˺ؼңǲзǱȥĻᣬ͵źؼư֮ͷɣ
ͷ⼸֣ԼϱӵĲ״ϣɫһס
ҲòϺؼ˵ǶԵģֻѹĵ׵裬ҧ˵֪ˡ
һΣһڷԸͷˡ
ȵ֮һҪմңֻܽͷ֮ޡ
кؼ
뵽ϣ̲סԼ׵
û뵽ǣ׼ŷŭȥյʱ򣬷ȴûǣʵһ죬ṳ̂ʵ°벽
оǣԭͨڵʵҶϵֱõֱƽ̨յֱķжϷյֱġ
û뵽ڵʵǵһҩŵʵңһҩűһţһһβ֪ΪʲôȻά˷գǸ޴֣Ҳ֡ϾһһŷֲϾ·ͥҲõȵճˣԼȰԼˡ
ֱƽ̨ߣɲɵǣǾȻǻʺ֣µĹ˾֣ŻʼҺأôܻԸǣ·Ҳˡ
صؼңϣ̲סִ򿪹Ըմ˸绰绰һȥ绰ͷһϤãĵ绰ͨС
ֱأĵ绰ôͨУ
Ѿϣصĵ绰ˡ
ʶһ㣬ϣصˡ
ǿѹеŭ𣺡ڸô죿
˺һû˽ӻ
ϣʶתͷһͿ˺ؼ˵ô죿ؼˡ
ʶ˳Ŀ⿴˹ȥŷ־æȥֱƽ̨վ֮ʱһҹ֮䣬ѾؼҴ˾еĵؼӪҺ䷽ȫо˳˺̶ܴϵĸ
ֻƵһףһ˵ɱҪ򵥶ˡ
׼ȷ˵Ҳǿͷʴϵĸ΢һ㣬ϾǰûнӴҵ
ڵؼˣʱ׵ĶзˣԸһؼֵ
ӪҺһϵľڣֻ˲Сʱʱ䣬͸ĳ䷽
⻰һѣ
ȻѾˣǲ֪Ϊʲôǰ·ֿһǰεض𡣡
ô͸Ϲϵˣȷܼ򵥰ҪҵĻòһ죬һʱ͹ˡ
ˣǸصѧڡ
˵̫ӵµһͨɧֱӰҿɵ𣿡
ȻҰҵĵʦ˹
ȻҵĵʦҲɵˡ
ˣҵĵʦǸԺʿǲѧԺʿ
ԲۣŷֱȻͻȻôҵУȥһѵĿռ䣬ʮҪôĳĳѧĽڣҪôĳĳ˾з١
ɲ𣬱ʾҾǰҹ˾Ħ̫ӵоĿз֮һ

뺦ң
Ҫ㡣
ҵļ
Ҫо˳һ¡
ˡ
ˣҵļҵˣҿ׼׼Ʋˡ
˵һʼֻΪ̫ӵڿЦ
ھȻˣ
šһѶˡǻ̫ӵзˣϾĸǹôѹôĽԺʿôļǻ̫ӵһרҴã浱ҵڵרҴøɳ̲ϵɳһ࣬һҪӵİܱ˳Ⱥӵ
ʲô˵أ̫ӵţƣ
̫ôǲеˣϣֻǳ˶ѣµҲֻһ̫ȴҪؼҶ᣿

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ֽ֪֮ʲôʥĸ滣
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ʲôµֻкϣһ̫ȴҪؼҸ᣿
ϣںؼ˵Ƥӵ´ţӹɼô飬ؼ֪ܲ
Ҫǣ̫ʲôֶζԸؼ𣿡
ƾԼʵѺؼҵļȫĥ˸͸Ȼ˸
̳ϣҵ𣿡

ҲÿЩֱۣ˵ˣˣҼȻôˣȻΪؼҲʲôöЩԺ֪ˡ

Ȼ̫ӵûи֤ݣһξȻֱӾˡ
ҲǣҪʱ䱻̫ӴĴʵ̫ˡ
˵ˣǻ̫ӵţƣ
ȻǾ˵˵ʼĻ⡣
Ѿֹ˵һΣرСԵҪңҶᱨȥ
ںؼұˣֵʵһˡ

̫ӿⳡֱĿġ
˵ȻˣҲΪ֮ǰϣػŻԼϵʱ򣬾Ͻ飬ٴڵǸ
ȣ
ûû˻
գҾļȫȥֻҪ󣬵һõЩҵŵÿ60%ȥǾǾ֢˶С

衢ȥ
֪˵ʲô֪Щ׬Ǯ𣿡
Ҳֻ֪֪̫׼רĻӦþͲٵĻʧҵˡ
Ҳ֪ȥˣǿȥӯ˶ڣǻ̫ӵ¸ɱԭҪˣһܶ׬һɡ
ƣʮڶӦòʱ
Ի̫ӵһӾȥǧڰ
ȵȣʼǰžڣ̫ӵºžͺǧڡ
̫ӵͺͻʵһҸ˰
ȻվЦˣڵڶҪϣܷһȫͶȡ۹ÿ껮ʼҵĹѡ
ʵϣҪһƾ֮ǰֺͳ¼˴һΣǴԿֱܲӰѻʵġ
ֻ˶ˡ

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԰Ȳ˵عЩ鶼ûȷ֤ݵģΪһʵۣΪ۹ĻӻǺܺϸģԵ۹֧ʼҹѱӦõģ

ô͹ˣҪһ㣬۹ͲǷʼҵˡ
ڻʼڴ֮ǰڸ飿˵ˣǶóٸھˣ˵ǸȱǮǾÿ껹ҪӲһʮڣԴĳ˵˰˵ǮȫǵˣǻҪлǣɲЦ
ڸ׸һнˮžʮ򣬻ʵһƾʲôһһʮڣ
жնɱֻ飬Ͻĳ潫λˣһнˮʮأ
һ𣿻ʼÿΪǴξЧ棬ʮһʮڶС

ˣ֧ɺͷҪˡ
Թϡ
ԸƨĹϣǵȻӦֻ֧̫ӵ°룬ʵһ̫ӵˮ̫ӵ¾;һʮڰˮûȥʵһҾڣ̫ӵ¾;ǧڣʵһݺ̫ӵ£̫ӵ¾ҪʵһҵĹѡ룬߻˭
⻹룬ȻЩƽˡ
ھ
Ǿ

Ҳʱʲô˵ʵһҵķ˿Ҳ̫ģΪʵûǮˣͨʺ֣ҪأϾϣĻʵ۱¿ˡ

ԭҵǮ˽ӣҵĻʵ۱£


279 
ǻʵ, һҲǿпϣ˼Ҷˡ
ʵۣ, ϣֱұ˵Ŀģѽ
ѹ۵ǻ֮󣬻ʼ̳ϸԾ, һѸԼ, ڻͷˮݻ̫ӣǵĿȴǰλʵλʱҪ٣鶼Ϊ֣ҵ
Ҫ˵ʼҲǹôģ˭Ű
Ͼ֪ʼʮڵճ֧ʱ, ԻʼҼһƬ֮۵֧ʸһҹ֮䱩ʮ㡪оҵһݹ͡
, ʱѾʮҹȻ̫ˡ
, ʲôؼǻʺ֣ң֪Ǹʲô, ȡ, , ִйҩƸи, ǼлʺƼм
֣Һͻʺ󵽵ͼʲô
ͼ۲, ͼһȺ˽ӣ
ͻȻǸڼҿϵȵĵܸܵܽʺҪǳ˵Ļ, ʱһҳԷ
Իʲô˵أȥȫͶ
ˡΪڻ̫ӵ¸ոҪʱ, ѾȥԺͶ, Ͷ޳Ʊ˶Ѿˡ
, ٶô죿
˵ˣҲȥͶƱˡ
ͻȻеͬʵһô졪ΪƾǵݵλԽ̫Ūڹ֮Уû뵽Ūڹ֮еıǡ
ѹ֮ǰʮ죬ʵһϴ̫ӵȴʼһԲ˵᲻ľǵȻʵһҷѾǧΪԼɹܹȥʱٺݺݵĸһơ
бˬ
Ȳңԣѡ̨ûлʵһңҲ


ֱǰ֣ˣ
ͺܷŭ
ƫƫҲܹﵽͷϣΪ˵ĵȷģΪ֣µֱƽֱ̨飬³ֱ˺üѣעû򣬹ƱֱͣǷøлС
뵽ԭڻʺոһյĿ£̬ѾЩɶ֣үŹȣشŵ棺֣£ͻʵ飬ԺҲҪٻˣ֣Ҷˡ
ӵ֣˴ĵ绰ʺֱӾˣôһҹ֮䣬֣˵̬Ⱦֱˡ
ȻŷӦս˫ȭա
ա
ͬһʱ䣬һҧгݵҲ
δ䣬ҲһԵİ칫ϣֻһľԭľİ칫ֱӾͱ롣
Ϊֻ˲ʱ䣬ԺϲͶƱ˾ͻʮڣ90ڶͶ޳Ʊ
Ҫ˵ûЩҹĴƶš
ЩҪˣҪǣݵ۹ܷ涨ʵȻǹԪףǹȨͬʥַԹзȫͶȨȫͶУͨ޳Ʊ۹65ΪִͨڵһԻʼң޳Ʊ۹75ΪͨʼҺִڵһ
ƣͶͨѾǰ϶ˡ
ΪҲ֪Щֻ֧ʼҵˣҲкܶǲʼҿ̫ģϣʮҲͶ޳Ʊ
û˲ÿһʮڵĹѣؼԹ˲Ͼ֣Ҳˣ⿿ʼµЩ˾ÿʮڵ棬ԺҪô
Ҫǣ۹̤ǼʱѾǧˣ䷢ĴģȫͶĴ¶ʮΣֻͨвİٸûһԻʼҵġ
֪һͶͨԻʼŵĴж
һ뵽Ǵѡ¡
ǻ˶ʮʱ䣬Žʼҵսֻ˲һµʱ䣬ֽǴԭΡ
뵽ۺ޲ֱ䣬մҲźá
Ƕ侲˵ʣڸô죿
⻰뵽ʲôҧгݵҵƤӵ´ʮ꣬жٱ£һ֪ܲ𣿡
Щһġ
Ҳζţһʲôڱ
˵飬ȥ飬ϸز顪
һߣǾ仰֮󣬷վֱӹرֱ䡣
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ȻԤϵ˻һ֣ϾзˡһѶˡִŶڶ̶̲µʱڡһѶˡĸȡͻԵĽչû֮ǰʵһϴʱ򣬷֮һԲΪͻȻ뵽һһѶˡĺõӣȻֱӴŵһҩŵȺзʵңֱŴʵǵȻȥɷյ
Ŀһһҹֱ֮ǻ̲סЩһ
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Щ˵Ƚз̲ס
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ڽ˽˹ݡ
ֱ֮ӹص˹ԣȻ˲ϵֲԭͷ
һߣڴϷȥ˯ţΪĶǷաСɣʵʱһ˿ӣ΢ϼ׵顭
Ȼ֪ܲԾĿƲס
ֱֻҪϸ룬Ͳµġ
뵽̲ס˹ԣŷյͷͶԻ˴
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һ߻ظûˡϾ͹һֱӷ˴·˲ϻͳ˳ȥ
ټϷһֱûлظȵĶʱ͸ˣֱӽǧ롣
˵ط³һǹ̿ͨͨ͡ûУеֻվ·£ķա
ȣ
ĽŲ˲
յü˲ˣ
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㲻ҡ
ȣ
ɨһͦ
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·˵ղһһһҩŵз٣ʱ򣬿һ㶼Ǻ˵ӡ
ȻͶ˷ճžζĿ⡣

Ȼ֪ôĿģǲҲġ
ҷӦòǴʲô⣬ΪûбҪǿ϶򲻹Ͻġ
뵽ֻ˵̫ӵ¸ղٺһ̳ơ
ȣ
һӣˡ
ô죬ֻ˵ȥ
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ֱӸ˳
һߣһֱڰ̲ס˲۾Բۣǻ̫ӵºϽ
ǳΪӵ߱˵ǵӰ´Ӻĳʮһ̳ܽС
ԱѾ˯˵ֱӾͿ˳Ϊĵһֵ֤ݡ
ϣͻȻͿ˷ա
۹췭ظĻ̫ǰǵӰҲÿվ
ǵ͸ıĿꡣ
ֻǱֻ˰ٵزɷһ·գûǰȾ͵ˡ
ȻȾͰѷմˡ
һĻе˵˵Ÿʲô죬ȥ
ʵϣ˳֮Ⱦͺˡ
˵õԺҪ뷽ԶԶأôͷˡ
ںܿ죬լ͵ˡ
ȶʱһ
ֱ÷³ģһˣ򴽽ǣջ˳ŷһѣ³ʱˤˡ
ѷշ³ʱһ룬ͻȻתһƣȻֱѹ
ȼͫһ漴ճȭҪŷյŹȥ
һ룬ͷӦ˹
ʶջȭͷϵԱһ
һĶǣתѹϣȻȻ§ס˷յĲӡ
գ
ȣ
ԼУ
ռ״ֱǰҪȵıӣЦҾ֪Ͻ᲻ϲҵġ
ľ̫պϢȣȵ˲ӿһֹ
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üͷһϽҪǲϲңΪʲô΢ףȴûоܾң
ȣ
ⲻ䴦
ȵҪֻǲڣ˵ϣϽǶһСʱأ
ȣ
ҲԶĻһСʱ㲻ʲô
գȻǽˣһ˵ԼϮˣϽͼææ˹ⲻϲʲô
ȣ
ҲǿԽƱġ
һ룬һͷֱ촽ϡ
ȣ
ܵ촽ϵĨȣ˶ɵˡ
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˳µȥȻ˿ȵĴ࣬
ȵ˶촭ˣذɿˡ
ɫ۾Ҳһˮӣ˵оô
κ򴽽ǣȻʶ˵ġ
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һڣûаȵ𣡡
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ŷգ۾գգҲķӦ˹
Ȼڵβ˲Ҳ˼ֻǳĻƾζ
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ȣ
ϸĹУ
˶ɵˡ
ȻˣΪһϸĹУǲûڵһʱǵֱȻ˿š


280 
ɵ, ô죬ֵֻͷףȻ˼˵ȴĻء
ʲôĻ
ȴգգۣȻʶ˵촽ԼĻ
, 㡭Ҫ
, ֻûѻ˵꣬˵ȵ, ϴ˯£
ʶͷһ, ŷԼȻ˯¶û
ھ˵˯ҲǾװʽģǳµ, Իܴŵġ
ȵȡ
սʲô
ȣ
֮ǰ, նĳƺ˰ٵϽġ
һһﻹǻôߡ
յͳĶ㿴, Ϊ, ˯¶ûͻ𼱻ǵظϹ, ⣬Ȼ˵ϲң
ȣ
ȷӦ˵ҪǣҸղʱ, Ҳûз𣿡
Ҫңͼᱡ˶ôƣ
⻰һ, һѴصȵͷϡ
Ϊûз, С
ľġ
ʲôҪѿڶ
һ, ԺͻȻԪ˧Ļ˵ְػ۹ڵİȫ, Ȩ
л̫Ҫ׷, ֻҪ׷Ǽٵ, ҪǼˮġ
˲侲
Ǿ仰, ֻҪϸ룬ͲµģͲٷԼȰԼ˵˵ˣ
ȻֱƿϵķգڷղĿУվֱ壬ֱӭ˷յĿ⡣
ĿͻȻޱȵļᶨ̫ӵ˵Цˣ֮˯¶û͸˹ֻΪһˣػ۹ڵİȫҵְԾҷϢǸͨҲżظϹġ
գ
ڣ˵֮ûƿֻΪǰûĺ޳֮ͽңҲûڵһʱ䷴Ӧ
գ
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˰ٵӣһӣµƿԵı˷ա
˵꣬ȷշӦȾֱתȥȻԳǧٶȷ˳ȥ
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ֵŶܷɣ
еĲ̫һ
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ôͻȻôúˣ
뵽̲סԼԴ
ΪͻȻͷϿе̡
ôͻȻ顣
뵽˲϶ԱߵˣֱӴ߽˼š
һߣǽѾɵˡ
ǿ˿ǰյ·ֿ˿ͷϵֱղſһĻĻԺֻʣһ仰ǾǱֻزɷһ·նѡ
ȴײôĳ棡
Ⱑ
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˵죬ѸղĵƵȥ
ͷԣͷǵˣ
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ɻô
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ûȻէһ̫ӺϽͦɲòģҪ˵һˣһͲš
ȻƵҲǼٵġϾôϽϵǿС붼ˡ
һǻ̫ǿȵϽ
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󲻵ȿڣտЦ˵Ҫǣ֮ǰ˵ģĻһҺͳ׼һͳ潫ɱҡ
ãһʲôĳ²Уûг
ϾܺSSSǿߴƽֵĴڣɱһֻԵ۹˵ܹûʼҳٿһʢȫĴˣ˵²ˡ
ⲻֳɵƷ𣿡
˵ͻʵңȡڹ֮ǰЧҩƷʱֱЩһã
⻰Ȼ˵ʲôأá
ϾڷյһһäĿΡ
Ҳһ£յˡ
յ۹Ĺ涨յķڳʮ죬йڵС
Ե˹һ죬ѾĺĴŷɺͻֵϢ
ǧֱǱ鲼һ޼ʵıвܸϵֳμӵڶڹٷֱｫıϷ鶼һ
ߵʮ֣ıʽûпʼٷֱѾӿ˼ڵڡ
ŶıõľȻǰ2800仹Ҫ¡أ
ʼҺѪ˰
ϾôõһĻᣬʵһôܻŹ
ɣɣǲΪô֮󣬻ǵ֧ʰɣ

˵һıʽʽʼˡ
̣һӦǻʵЯʺ̫Լһڻӹϳ¥Ļ
һΣӲڣΪոΪݵ۹̫ӣʮ
Ϊ۹̫ӣ̴ֱ·Ĺϯϼ˰ӣȻԪ˧ߡ
Ԫ˧
һڣ
̫ӵҪʵԵװҪȻôҪĳϣܲʵһһӡ
ǲ»ʵһϵЦǿջЦĿж󣿡
⻹ò£ʮʮ

ֱڶûҪôԷյԪ˧ֻܱһŷһûһ
֪ǣ䵽˵ɲͳ˷ǱռҲٿ˵֤
һĻһ̲סЦ
ǻ治ǿջЦ
ռҰѷշô
˽죬ȫ
ЩڿʼҵĺϷҹ壡
ΪȻҪ棬ȻҪһġ
Ϊˣǻרҵ˼Ĵӣ߳ĺڿͼɨȥеĺۼ
ҲΪʲôܹ˳ʵʩƻҪԭ
ǽôʢһ̨ͲΪǵΪףӣףռ˺ͷյ˶ɥڴˣףʼҼָյٹ⣡
ھɨôֻҪЩҳȫˣûܹٶҡǵĵλ
뵽ǳ·֣ϵЦԽĲá


284 ڶٰʮ
ռ, Ҳ̲סЦˡ
Ҳ֪һʲô
׵ڣͻȻҲıõĺܲ, ʲôϧˡ
ϣ
û뵽ʵһҾȻЦô, ЦôȻ
ͺ֮ǰ鶼һ
˷ѽ, ݼҪӵȦʲô˫ȦᣬȦᶼڻѽ
˵Ǿûʼⳡڶ, ˭Ӯ
˭֪أ
˵ʵһңϾ۶˶ʮĻʵˡ
Ǽ˽, һһ, Sʦ, SĹֵס, Ӷʮնɱ, ˵ǰ;ȻϲȦ, ֮Ʒһһɫܰͽڵݾֲ
ȴӳ, ڻҵ, ھӿ, Ȧ绽ꡭôһĻ, ʵһʵҲпϴԼġ
ôһ˵ĻĿеļ̳ʮа˾ǶˣϾӽȥ, Ȼûʸ񵱻ʵˣӻȦģСǸҡ
һ˵һĳЩ棬̫ӻͱȲ϶ӣϾնɱСȡŶˣۻ̫ӣЩģҲֻ˵ֻһĿѧң۹ĵ֮ǵ֡
ο˶ڲ²óЩռ˱зģȻóõġ
⻹ò²𣬾Ծǡ
ǲܹŵг̶ȡ
ҲǣҪѷպȵع˳һһʼЩǷոˡ
ϾԷԼһôĿѧҺѧΪãռҿɾͲһˡ
Բ˵˭֪أϾռҳԻʼҵⳡڶһʱģǽˡ
ôԭΪȻֻһѧңƷУȻʵһǿһٱڿһսթСˣһǹУ˭ϻλʲô𣿡
Ҳǡ
ڶԻʼѾûʲôøˡ

ǽϵ˿ɲֱ֪﷢顣
ܿ죬͵˻ʵ´ǵĻڡ
۹ǣͬǣǣ죬¡ؼᣬΪף۹ȡõһսʤ2802꣬ͬʱҲΪ˼2082ǰʻһֻͬھĵ۹ʮλʵТʵۣڣΪТʵһĬӡ
Ҳŵͷ
ֻȴǣ˵żͳͬھТۣȴŹĴ£Ƿ̡
ТҪ֪ԼȺĺֻ»ֱӴӹǻҺĳ
ҲſպԪ˧˱Űɱĳ´ǵĻںܿͽˡ
Ȼֱӽ뵽ı
ִıһۻȴӳ¥Ȼ˳ڹ㳡ǰľӡ
ȵۻص¥֮ϣıͷϷʽʽʼˡ
ȳǻʼһӣȻ̶ӣ֮ľӾһһˣһŵĹѫױӣŵǽӣŵĹսӡлʼҶŵڱӡ
һʱ֮䣬ı㳡Ͽն˸ҫ۵Ľâ
ǵעܿͱЩܼĵľӺȽ档
һŵĻױӳıϿյʱ
ſһ뻮һһûĻױӣ̨ϵĹ̲סվ
ɣǰĻǳɣϽǼʻ̨ףնɱһֻǰԪ˧նɱֻļ¼
ԱߵĻҰ꣬ʻԱǹųSSǿߣϸ£ʻҰһնɱ潫ͬҲǽĵ۹ѫ»ߡ
һ˧̫˧˧ˣ
ȻռҲûеôɾϾ˭֪ռҷַգʮа˾ΪЮҪȻռʲôȱΪʲôҪۏʼ˻ˮռҾûڰ
˭˵أ

һĻҲ̲ס򿪹ԣ׼һһзâ¶Ļ׳ɾһġ
̨µĹڣ۵ȻҪ˷ܵöࡣ
ΪһľӷϾҪȥˣȺз
ĻЩӦþͲЩܼĵĻΪ˾ķ֮⣬ֻЩܴӳǽ·ͨõĴɱǵĻᡣ
뵽ŻһԼϸߺš۹ꡯʵ۱ꡯˣǽϣһ̲סսǰˡ
׵ĹϯϣͷĺϣҲ̲סס˺
۹רŹѺ׹ĴԺУһڷһɳϹۿֱĴӸֱս˫ȭ
ڵȵһˣ
ȻΪ֮ǰ۵˰Ƴ׵飬һֱԹǡ
ֻҪһܹ£ܹȳǾĺøĸֵܣ
۽ǵע⵽۵˵飬üͷһȻط˴ŹԵ֡
һӹȥˣӹȥˣһӹȥˡҲһ̨̨ʵ۵Ļ߹¥ʱ򡪡
һ룬ֻһ಻ıըһͻȻ䱬ը
ţһϢЮƬϯȥ
ϵͨ˲ͱƷ˳ȥĿ̨ǲ֪Ʒ˶١
һʱ֮䣬˲ҽг
˷ӦһѹЩܵڵĲҽ
Ŭ۾һֻʮ¥ߡ߰˸Դʮȵĸι״Ĺ޴ЩСӵ˳
桢壿
ʧ
ǳ
Ȼδ䣬Щ쳤Хһ֮ĳͷ׷ڿն𣬷Ϊֱָ¥ϵ۵˻йϯϵķպһڴԹ
ǵضĳͳ潫Ԫ˧ɫޱ䣬ʧ̫ӵ£Сġ
˵ţתסգȥ
ͬһʱ䣬Ҳ޷ˡص۵ǰӵǾȥ
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͵ػعͷȻÿԬѩȺȥ
ʮа˾ԬѩƵ
ˣˡ
ʺ
Ҳ֪Ԭѩʲô⡪Ҫˣ˳µλ
뵽뵽ʲôʺ͵ػͷһֻ¥ߡƬĳɲѾɱǰ
ʺֻǰһڣվ
ȻԼȹ˵飬һһĴ̹ǵʹ˲Ϯÿһ硣
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Ҫǻʺ飬аֻǽյǵĵƵ˷գҲһһ䵽ز
Ҫ֮ǰеôͳˡ
Ҳ
ҪǷˣЩԹҲ˸߰˰ˣһȴȫȻʱڿ϶һǡ
ԻʺҪҲⳡҲǿܸһˡ
뵽ֱƿĿ⣬ֻûʺ
ȻֱһԱԪ˧ŵķգһĨЦ
ȥɣС
һĻʺϵֱӾͽסˡ
ôҲû뵽۾Ȼܲˡ
˵һշްնǡǿǶʮ껼빲ķް
οΪϧҾˣ
۾ôģ
ƽһΣԼһǻ鶼ι˹ĸо
֪ģΪȨƣԼӶƳȥο
οûа
һֱڳ˵Σгһգۻῴĺã
Ц
̫Цˣ
˵ʲôˡ
ŽߵĳЪ˹껲ԣ㲻úú
˵꣬ر˫ۡ
֪һӹȥˣӹȥˡΪȴûн١
ʶۣȻͿӭɳһףֱӽǰĳײ˳ȥ
ǳˮֱӾͽϡ
һףһױӡ
Ϊͬһʱ䣬ʮܻ׻ƳնЩ¥Ϳ̨ĳȫײ˳ȥţЩײԼֻ֣ͬһ󼱴ٵĻǵ˲任Ϊһܼڡ
󼸺ͬһʱ䣬ϰöڵŶЩɱ˹ȥ
Щ׵ĶЩ϶ʱһ˿
ΪľǣڵҲǸ
ûжܵ˼ֱӭЩڵͼſ̨ϵķյɱ˹ȥ
֪һ룬ЩڵֱӾǵ
һɹЩڵӿǵ
Ϊ⣬ǵĶʶ
ȻǷӦǹͻȻͱ˺ܶ࣬ǵִ֮ȻղôԶֱӾǵֱײ
ľ˲䱩
ã
ЩŷӦ
ȻһΪʱʱǼʮ̨ͻȻǡ
ȵ֮ЩֱӱǳϿա
ţʿֱӴӼʻ˳֮ȵ˵ϡ
ȻĿ֮УһҵĲҽУЩų嵽еĳֱӱըˡ
飡
˲䱻ѪȾ졣
СС
ȴ˲ڵ˱Щһ
Ϊȫɵˡ
һĻĵ˵ͷ
еѻף
ٸһ¡
Ȼֱת۵ڵϵĹᣬȥĳ֮ԼԴһۡ
ֱվϯ̨·Ĺαڣ˵Ÿʲô


285 ڶٰʮ
ʺ󣺡
۵ˣ
׵һڹα
ֱǰڣ
λųȷӦ˹, ͷϵĶ˵˼仰
ţԶĹϯ, һʿ
ûһĹܵϾʰɾˣȻЩ˵ĹҲһʱ䱻˾ȥҽԺ
ţҲӦ˹
, ֱӳһ֡
ЩڵϵĻױͳ˰СϵǹȻų¥ķȥ
Ҳʱ, յֱһĻղǲǷʲô飿
ǵİɣ
ûмǴĻ, ո, ǲмʮͳ潫Щ˳
ţǾֱӳų¥ȥˡ
Ȼ, ϽŻױӾͳ˳Ƿһڵ
ȻǾͻȻըˡ



ôɱ𣿡
ȷɱĳ

ҹȻǴˣھҽԺ㴲ȥҽԺľƿ
ֻ˵ղŷʵֻһݣЩ岢ĳͳ潫
뵽, ֳЩʶĨһ, ǿ˿ζʮѪֿ˿ϳ鴤ֹͼҧǵȵ⣬Լ󷽺ХȥһԱߵĻײк
һ룬Ļֱӱըˡ
ôǼٵģ
Щ⻹Щ˵ھͲ˵, ֻ˵Щףһܺüأ۹Ƿ˻ǷͷˣһӻȥϰٸڣΪ˸һ£һӵıݣôܣ
ԸղŷЩ鶼ˣ
쿴һŷˡ
ףػ̫ӵԼзġһѶˡĻϣһµʱ䣬ڸܹɱЧҩøЧҩڲμӹıĵһŹѫױնɱʮֻ潫ʮһֻЧҩ۹ܳ壬ոϵָտɴ۹̫꣡ӵ꣡
#̫ӵ´һҩһззЧҩƵ#

#һŹѫױıնɱƵϼ#

ǵһţôͰѸղŵֱƵˡԣصǡܹɱЧҩ
һŷÿҶʶǴյһ֮ΪʲôҾͿأ
ܣܣɱЧҩҪô׾з۹Ҳڱ˽ǧꡣ
Ե۹ÿ껨ڵľѣʮʿƽȥ壬ǸЦ

ǲɵˣǲѯҪҪзɱЧҩ֪ͨǣɱЧҩѾзѽ
ҪǣЧҩо˲𣿾͸һڹ˵Զ˵Чҩ۹ܳ壬ոϵָտɴ
˵۹Ժÿ궼ʡ¼ǧڵľѣҲٵĳʲôʱɱǵˡǵͬ
Ŷ
Ҿе㸴ӣΪû뵽༸ǧУȻ̫ӵֻ˲µʱ䣬ͽˡ
Ƕִ³оʮĿԱ˵ֱ̫ˣǡ
¥˵ûЧҩоˣȻһٺò鰡
Ϊڣǿŵ˵Ժ󶼲Ϊ嵣ˣ
ǻԽضЩǵϵĳ˵ǰʲôãһڵɱˣ
ԳĳＸǧӰڽ죬ˣ
̫ӵţ
ţ֮ǰ̫ӵóЩԼзˡ
Щνʲôռҷֻ̫ӵ£ΪЮϢҥˡ
ϾǿܹɱЧҩ˵з۹ȫľǶΪɣ
ռֱ췴ԼǻƵۣӦöû˻ᷴ԰ɣ
ռҪҰĵĻôܰôĹ͹ø̫ӵ¡
Ǻֱӽλø̫ӵʲô𡭡ȵȣ̫ӵ¸ղǲǰѻʵ۵ڵϵĹԼͷˣ



Բۣǣ
˲תͷ˳¥ϵķա
Ͼ˭û˵ۼĵأ
οڶĿŵذѻʹڴԼͷˡ
ôܲ²յͼ
ҲʱһҲڷӦ˹
Ѿѿռť˳׼ѻ׷ųҪûٳһѷͷĶӵֱӾͽ˰УȻѿڶܣôܡ
ʲôЧҩֻڱģŪ壬ɱպЩҹļٻôܱģ
ͬһʱ䣬ۡϣءԬѩҲͬĻ
Ĵӵ۾ֱӾͺˡ
ΪҪģı˽µļƻɾʧˡ
ҷЩ⻷ļӳ֣Ҫ⵹վ͸ˡӦ˵հ⵹ǳˡ
ʱܴȥ
뵽ֻǰһڡ
Ъ˹غٵģһǼٵģ
ȻҲʱֱͻȻ׼˳¥֮ϡ
һӣǾˣ벻ע⵽ͷϴŵĹᶼˡ
Ӽѿڶգʲô
ҲʱȺֳǹĻױΪ׵ųһѶ˶еĿռťȻץһŤ
˲䷴Ӧǲһ룬һǹ͵̫Ѩϡ
Щױʵ㡣
𶯡
ٶҾͿǹˡ
һӣǰһڵĿɾͲֻǶˡ
˲䱻ס۸ǲһû
̨µһڹαڣֱĹȫˡ

漸λֵܽ˵Ļ󣬻̫ӵ´˻ʹڣʵһҶץˣ
ԡѵǴ˵еֳ

ͻȻղŻ̫ӵ¼ʵ۵ڵϵĹᣬҳ֮󣬾ֱӿͷϵĻ桭ֳ
####

ڷӦ˹۾˲ͺˣȻƴգʲô
˵꣬תЩƷڵأǹָǵŵĻױǣ췴𣿡
췴
˵ȴǷգ֪ʲôʱתͷ
Ц˵Ҫ췴ĲǱ𣿡
ѵЩ岻𣿡

⻰Щ죡
Ϻιı

ϱʱڣκТ˫ȫд־ϧʱʱة߻Ȩ㳯ҰТÿձ
ò˸߻߻ĶӸ߳ؼ̳λãҸ߳ҰĸһҪıȡλ
Тڴ󳼵İ£׼ڵصӳʹȻټķشȨ
صڵſʱʿ춯˸߳Ρ
֪֮߳󣬴빬Т֮˵ĵһ仰ǣϺιı
԰ٶȰٿơ
˵ʲô˵ʷȻǸֻذ
ȵȣҪЩҪǻ̫ӵ˵Щǻʵġ
Բۣ
յĻӵĪͫһ
۸Ǻһ٣˵
Ҳ漴ӦǹģҪͷϿѹñӣðȻͿ˳µشλˡ
Ȼǰѻ˵꣬Ա߾ͻȻһƨ
ʶ˳˹ȥ
ǻʺ
Цһ񣺡ҿ֤ЩģǰǾϵ˳壬Ϊľǽ֣ɱ˷պЩҹ塭
⻰۵ȫˡ
Ҳ֪ʺΪʲôЩȫ뱨ǣơ
ʲôմձģʲôǰʯͷԼĽţ
ˣ
뵽ѣֻ޲óȥʺ󣺡죬ˣұ죡
ֻЩʿѹţá
һĻֱ̱ϡ
ˣ
ôܣ
֮ǰǻΪպЩҹ壬ȨϲȸԾ
ֻǹȥ˲ӣ֮صľͱǡ
С
ԴУ
ʲôս˫ȭ
ֱĻѾըˡ
ϡǵãҽıģԹϵġ
ԻʵһҹȻˣ
˹ˣ
ȻǾ˵ˣڿûʱ俴ǹҧ
˵˶٣ҾЩ岻ģΪǻзĻ𣿡

ˣTMDǸֳ
̫ӵ¶ͷˣΪһûй壬Ͱѻλ𣿡
˵꣬ٴλعͷ뵽ʲôøȣ֡
ȣ
ŷ֣ס
ӦʱѾߡ
ʶ̧ͷա
ֻ̹Ȼǣ֣Ȼתͷס
ٴЦ˵Ÿʲô
Щױֱס۵˵죬ȥƾôûá
¥еȺں͹ŷӦ
ֱ̽Եغһ䣺۹꣡ʵ۱꣡
˵˶˶٣ּһ䣺ʷ꣡
Ǽ֮仰˲ϯı
۹꣡ʵ۱꣡ʷ꣡


286 ڶٰʮ
ʮӵı˲ֶˡ
Щα͹ڵһʱĨϵ, ˳һŲЩҪҧǵĽŵϣȻ۸ߺһһ, һһܣ۹꣡ʵ۱꣡ʷ꣡
һһԴ͸Ļ, һڻʼһڿǵָӹʼղΪ, ໥һ֮, ҲĬĬطǹϵ֡
·жҲѸµ˶Ρ
ȥ֮󣬺벿ֵľҲˡ
ǰͦأڴЩ׺ͳĲк, ڷյϵʱ۾˲ͺˡ
һ˲䣬þȫ, 
۹꣡ʵ۱꣡ʷ꣡
۹꣡ʵ۱꣡ʷ꣡
۹꣡ʵ۱꣡ʷ꣡
һʱ֮, ·綼ֻʣһ
һĻЩĻ, óҲܵ˸Ⱦ, תͷ˷ա
ֱѾ⼸仰ˡ
ֱǿָһ˿, ʵ
ȵ, ǻǵһ𣿡
ֱӺϻʵ۱ˣ
Ƕһµ𣿡
Ի˼ǵôϵģѺȥһ𣿡

˭ǵѽ, ֻ֪ɱЧҩзˡ
ֻ֪ԺٵԼ֪ʲôʱ򱻲֪ʲôطĳ˺Ƭˡ
ֻ֪Ժٵһͷսѵֻʣһˡ
ͻȻӯ
̫ӵ, ǻʵ۱ţ
λͲ쾭𣡡
ӽ쿪ʼʵ۱¾Ⱳӵż, û֮һ
Ե۹꣡ʵ۱꣡ʷ꣡
۹꣡ʵ۱꣡ʷ꣡

ȵ, ų׻ع
л㱣˸գ˸ʵۿɻУ
û뵽û뵽, ԭΪʼҵⳡڶٻҪʮ꣬ôһĹһҾûˡ
û뵽һҾȻô裡

һұʾϾʵ۱²ѣһ־ܹɱЧҩĴɱԾǲ裬Ҳܻǻʵ۱µĶְ
˵ҵһֻնɱһֻոշĳͱˡСȡڻʵ۱¿ɱЧҩоˣñʲôӣ
ȡ

˶һģôᲢأӲҪһĻǵȻǡȵϹˣ


Ҹҵʵ۱¿仰϶ᵱ˵
Ҳ˵Ͻͻʵ۱µȻģ
ĵCPûһģĵCPȫģǸÿ޻ǸЦ
˵ʲôأֻףʵ۱ºϽþˡ
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ȵĶ˲ĸֱˡ
ˣҪЩѶһݴ
һʷ¡ˡ
Ҳʱ򣬷ջˡ
ȵֱ壬͵͵ص˹ԡ
Ȼʵôˣ
˵֮ǰԼͷϴϹʱж⣬ʰ̯Ӿжۡ
Ҳû취顣
ϾҲһͷرQһˡ
Ѿܹһݵ;ˡ
һûʧ
׼ȷ˵ǣǴһûʧֱڻʺ֮ǰˡ
ҲЦˣǻͦġ
ϾʵһҵеĻⳡĳ˵ͲˣֻǲҷԷյֻкôûл
ʱһҲ侲
ôҲû뵽䵽³
һУȫΪպͻʺ
뵽ʺ̲סŭգˣǸ˾ȻұǣҽһҪǧУҡ
⻰Ҳֻ˵һ˵ˡ
˭ѾǷյĽء
ﵽǼأһǰЩ˵ʱٰѼƵһǿɾֳɵ֤ˡ
뵽̲סһϡ
ҲҿƽʱûѻʺԼˣƶƻʱ򣬺ٻҲ̫Ļܡ
Ҳζţʺﲢûǹ֤ݡ
뵽ӵ໥һۣĵ׶һ
ֻҪǲɿڣһΣվû취ͽ˳ɱǡ
ҲζţǻжɽĻġ
ǵֺˡ
Ǿ仰֮ǰǶôķ⣬ڣȴ䵽ĵز
ԵȵǶɽ֮һҪĳٱպռҡ
֪ʱͻȻһŲ
۵˲塣
һ룬Ŵ򿪡
תͷһŷ˾Ȼԭʼһӵָӹŷ⡣
һ㶣Ȼϵ˲䱬ֱվ㡪
ҲҧгݵȻǣ
ԭֻһƽҪһַ㣬Ҹһ㣬ڻ֪ĸʳأҪȻΪܳΪSǿߣڶ̶̲ʱ͵ϻʼһӵָӹ٣
ʱЩʼһȴȫһռҵʿץ
ʲôǰǣˣ
ŷˣֻ˵һǵ֮ԸңֻΪSʣҽܹΪãֻһͨ˵Ļǻ𣿡
Ϊʲôڶ̶̲ʱ͵ϻʼһӵָӹ٣ҳϣеȷٲǵΣΪԼˣî˾
ǵδɱβˣǵ֮ʮٱˡ
ôԴǵģ
ŷǿŭ⣺֮ǰݣǿȴֻȵԮϵ֮ٽΪǵ֧ʣΪϴˢϵҪȥնɱֻ
ǳɹˣҵֵܡҵսȴ˴Ϊ˳ȫܽǵĹȥһʿĳƺŶò
⻰ҧгݵºǲҲǼһʷĸ𣿡
ǣ
ŷ׵ģ۵˸ûаЩӵľ˵Բô˵Ҳһ˿Ρ
ҲٸЩ
˵ҪǣΪ˻ʵ۵λãǾȻϧ塪
Ȼ۵Ϊ˱©ϢÿһƻԼȥģΪʼһӵָӹ٣Ǵ֮пһЩߣֻԭԪ˧һһһṴ壬ʵȴݺݵظһơ
һҺͷȨ֮飬Ͼα͸ɾĶȥ
ǹ壬Ǿѹˡ
ŷĻӵƱʲô壬Ƿǵġ
ŷؿһۡ
ע⵽ŷ飬ͻȻһ⡣
Ȼŷ˵ǻ֪ǼҵϴҲǰӣΪ˻ȡ̣Щȫˡ
ˣṩ˲ֵ֤ݣæ¼
˵ʲô
ʧ
Ԭѩǰһڣ͵˹ȥ
ȻǲŷӦܣܡ
ǵʱ򣬿רŶһҪ֤ȫٵġ
ֻ֪ܲϴѹǲжɽĻᣬֻǶɽˣҲػᡣ
ŷ⣺ˣҸǴϼ仰
˵ǰƳȥʱ򣬿˵ģ˭ͱ¨ӣ˭ʰ¨ͱģȻ͸Աǡ
˵ҲЩ֤ݶһݣΪҪԼһ·ϾҪǳɹˣȻãһʧˣأй˰ѹҲ֪ʵ۱ǲŹǣŹģֻʵѹҲûзĿܣʵ۱¿ѾûвķϣŻŹ
ŷֻ˵ڹΪ֪ͨǣ죬߷ԺͻῪͥǵİӣ׼ɣ
˵꣬תˡ
һ۲ŷӦ
ɺ죬ƿڴǸ
ԬѩһҰס
ôҲû뵽ıһӣȻ䵽³
һ룬һ˹ȥ
ֻѾû˹˵ˡ
ֱ̱ϣһľȻˣȫˣ
Сס˵һʼֻ뵱ҶѣôͻȻ䵽˽Ҫųĵزأ
治֪ǣ

ʵ֤ˡ
ΪǶæף۹ܳأﻹ˵ǡ
ΨһǷϵľЩҹˣΪǿɶǵһҹ壬գһء
ǵƲ֮£һµЩȫ֮ˣ۳Ԭѩ飬߷հģ飬Ǻؼ̰飬Ҳ˳
ҷؼҵģɲǺϣء
ΪӺؼΪմȶӺúؼƲݺݵظһƿʼͺ˺ؼ
ټϺؼ֮󣬲׼׼Ʋϵĸ׵в׼ѺؼҲгȥ
ǺؼȻ߹ƷС
һ֮£ͰѺؼ̰ȫˡ
ΪϱӣؼҾЩϡ
֮ĵڶ飬ǰźؼҰЩµСβȫƽˡ
ɵǣʱҲĻһ֤ݡ
ֻʹӲһǣʱ֤ݣΪĺؼҵ֮󣬾һŰŮ߿ﵽͷ
Ƿû뵽ġ
Ҳͦãʡٵ¡
۱ʵţͶԼϣһд̣ʺӻСȫд
Ϊйֻдͽ̡
һº󣬷ڻʳǾʽĵǻʽ


287 
һº, ڻʳǾʽĵǻʽΪʼ
죬յ۹, ڷǰΪʷ
Ȼûзʲôˣ
Ȼ۵൳û, ҲϾҪճ̣ЧҩĺճھĶҲûаƽ
ڵ۹ӵƵϵڸڣʵٲã۹ҲҲˡ
ھǱ, ռҺͳ¼ڣټϷնθЧҩ, Щֵĳֻʱ⡣
ҲΪʲôһλôϵطԼʵ۵Ҫԭ
ŵʱ, ǲõЩҹʲôĵġ
Ͼڵν, ջʼҶʮ¼ҲΪЧҩмӣռҸ׵ûʲô൱۹ľӶš
Щҹĸʲô˼
Ԫ˧ǲ뵹˭ϹĶóȥˮأԾôԶûá
ټռҵҲѾϴˣҿÿźҶӵڵӣҲŪҶӸӣҲĬ顣
º󣬴Σʼϵĳ塣
ȻҲָӹ֮С
ϾпⱲӴһ, ûһѪľ˻Ҫⳡս
ô죬ֻʵʵĶؿշ¡
ǼʱҲвȽļǷûм, ԷյӹҲ̫ġ
һ󣬵۹֮ƣϵھ嶼ˡ
ΪʲôǾȫȻΪԪ˧˾ãҪһЩ壬ȥ󱲵ʿǽΪ̫ƽ׶ʧȥѪԡ
ΪˣԪ˧רΪʣµЩ廮һƬ
̶̲һʱ䣬ɱ˼ĳֱΪˡ
Ϣٹᣡ
Ǳ֮࣬ԷȻһмᡣ
۹Ԫ˧ͳԪ˧ΪԲԷ׷ѡݡ
ǣ۹ȻڸĽ£ԭĹλϣϮĸ֡
֮󣬼̳Ԫ˧λõģȻȡ
û˳в֮󣬾ӾæҲæĶȥ
Էǿ˶ؿշӡ
ΨһյԤϵǣ󲻵ʮ꣬ЩҹСˡ
һΪʼմżǸңȻȨ⡣
һ棬ȻΪҹĵӶɾĶȥܵЩҹѹ֮Ͷ·֮£ͽΪ˾ݣͼ֤ͨ΢˽ŵķʽݵǰ
żȻ俴֮Ȼ֮
ҲֻҪЩ֤תȥ
ΪֻƾЩȻˣȻǱ߾ڸʵҲˣϾǾ˿ɶָһδѡڼͶƱء
ܺ߿˳ɹ֮Ȼ׷׻֤ݳ΢
Ϊ⣬΢Ĺɼۿֱ˰ٷ֮ʮ
Ϊ˸лգ꣬΢ֱ΢ܲڵĳдһйƷ׸˷ա
ȻˣЩҪ
ҪЩܺߺ΢ЦˣЩҹȴǺڵĲٺˡ
ΪЩ飬ҲһǧɣۿžҪЩ˵׷ˣܲǺ޷
ҲĿŵظԣСǸһҷ˵һѹһݺյ飬ǷΪλһõˮ֮ԻվҷۣҲΪܵ˷պռҵв
֮⣬Ϊ˻ףôûзʲôΪѾɲžˣȻǾʵһз壬óЩɱЧҩǸззҥԡ
ô죿
Ϊ֤ûнɲžֻܴʮûٴ򿪹ֱ䣬񵱳ŪؼʱһЩҹԼйϵļµĹ˾յĴ뼼ȫ˹
Щߵسһƻᣬ˾ƶȺ֮⣬רЩ޴ԩˡ
ȻЩҹܲʵ
ϾҪǲʵĻʣµЩ˾ɾͶסˡ
ټɱӺЧҲܲٴԺЩҹҲðͷˡ
ջҪңʵ֮Ҳû׷ˡ
ȻˣһȻһпᡣ
鵽ȴꡣ
ЩģĺӶˡ
Ƿյķǻӣյǻ֮Ҳǻӹˡ
Ƿûи֡
Ͼûϸȥ˵İãȻҲܺߡ
ЩҲ֪ԼΣԴ󲿷ֺӴӲǰѧҵ֮󣬾Ͷȥ
ֻһ⣬ǾǷҲǷյĶŮ
СͶȨƱֳŨȤԸΪȤʮŬ
μͯӾʮȫ߿״Ԫݿϵ۹һУ˶ʮһУδӵ۹һУҵʮͻSڶʮһ꣬ʽ˷գڹϡΪ첿½һ֧ڵ۹ǱٶĶ֯ɻͶƷǧ֣Ӷ˵۹ѫ¡
̹ȻһμġסҪΪ۹̫Ů̳зյĻλ
ɺܼ򵥣㣬۹Ȼ˳壬ǳͻȻٵϵģǾ˵̫гĴˣ̫ʮа˾Ҳǻڣȫ۹߳ϵǼʱ
룬Ӧˡ
Ȼûе˵İãǴϽıŮ˭᲻ϲء
ҲȷҪһ̳ˣҼǰ
Ҳûйյλʮ꣬ͰЩҹѹü
ûпȥ׷뼯ȨΪ֪Ȼ㣬ǲܱ֤ĺҲһ㣬ڸдڵıҪġ
ڻʼҵ֪ͬ
ܹôվĸλһΪԼ㹻㣬ΪϴŸʼŮƺţڶԸ֧
Ǿ֮նΪҫǳһ죬ĺҲٴ
Ϊ˱յĶΪ˹̻ʼ˸Ŭع֮⣬Ǵ﷽յ¼еڴӳԡһиʼ۵̫֮µļơ
ŵʱȦһԷΪԭ͵ļ¼Ƭʮ׸̷յĸ
գ
ȶԴȴⲻ˵ӣԺ㣬ӦҲˡ
˵ţͰѷյ˽Ǯ˳Ȼ˷Ի֧Ԯһѡ
գ
׬˻ǿˣ
Ӧ׬ġ
ΪŷһһߵǰλҲⲻ˳Ϊڲ෹̸ʡ
ȻˣڶǵģԾʱֵĶһҡ
˭뵽أʮǰһһƳ˷ʮһһΪ飬ʬ
֮飬վͲ֪ˡ
ΪԪ˧򸾾Ⱥȥˡ
շԪ˧֮󣬾Ȼ˵ֻһӡ
ڣռҾͻڡ
ҲԷĵ뿪ˡ
ֻһΣ֮ǰȵ۾ͻȻһ⣬ʧ۾˲ʧ٣ȡ֮
ԥԥ˷һһۣȻ˵뿪֮Ǿһˣô
һ㶣ȻŷӦ
šȡЦͦõģ
ȡ۾ʱ͸ˣͷ·Ѥõ̻һһ


288 ⣨һ
ԭڲ², Լ۾ʱ򣬻ڵظɽ硣
Ͼ֮ǰ͵ظ֪ٴν, Ȼ֪Ҫȥظġ
֮ǰЩСﴩʱ, ȷȷʵʵķġ
ڵظĻ, ׼ôߺŽ칬, ֱδ, г塣
վ, ǰߵĿԸߴٷ֮٣ǺߡʵҲΪҪ, ⱾٲҪдһˣȻǩܵټŰŰƾԲ⼸ʡ
һ, ȴԼһڵݵܱտռ
һ, ͿŵϷһдš칬˾ֵİ͸Сҡ
ĵ׶Ȼľ˲ʧӰ١
Ȼֱӵ칬
Ҳʱ򣬵ͣ
ţŴ򿪡
һ̧ͷһ˫˺۾
һӡӡʮӣȺſڵ˲ڻعգգۣ¿Ƿգ
յ˵ͷӵ˳ǣá
á
˲Цˣл˸һĹâ
ûȷŪеǹĹâʲôʱ, ˼˵ȣϲư¸ж, ٵλ
ǸĲ˾ƷϯС
գ
֮Ի칬Ϊ֮ǰСҲΪŸ˺ţΪʱѾԲˣ
ôĻӦֱӷɽ
Ϊʲôȴ磿
ҵǸͨصҲûи߹顣
оǣƷ
չŴĹٽƶƷ㲻һŵ٣Ҳһŵˡ
һŵһ֣һոշĩɹ١ǲеСˣ

ϯһȥһ߸͵Ըڽ˵ĹԲɵ˵ġ
칬һɹٶôġ
һ룬󲿷Ǵ߷ģһСǺʱڴϹŴ񣬵ȻˣֻϹͥϽ
ǰʮ˾ܷɣʮȥˣͥѾһܲһˣʮ˸Ǳضǣڣ˲ǿʸΪͽɹٺѡˡ
칬һжʮޣǹ٣˷ڣķܡ
һʼϵۣͳ졢ء飬弴Ԫʼ鱦͵ϹʴۡޱۡЧϼۡ
ЩϹʱھʹˣûб
ϵ³Щ֮⣬еͶʮ˾еʮ֮ϡǳģʮ˾칬ְȨţ˾˾˾˾ѫ˾֧˾Ų˾ȣЩɹٳȥٵĹǲ󲿷ֶǰʮ˾ְ
칬ĹְȼҲΪƷʮ˽ףٺ͵ΪݳԲƷ׵ơ
ɹٱȵظ̹ٸѽǸɣ칬λãһֱһܲһӣɹٷְ·䣬һǲ׵Աṹġ
칬ҲûгͷĻģ칬סļȻɣȻҲעʵֻҪܹʵȥٽȻҲ͸ȥˡ
Ȼ⻰ȴüͷ
ܿ͹˲ЩΪǴӷͨˡ
ͨߣǲ˾ţһռءռƲ֪ĶĹŽȺ
ͨұߣƣ֮У֡ĵù˵Ļ˵Ƿܼ䣬Ƶ֣ڷɶʮԶɺڷɣԸ߸衭
ȻˣⲻҪģҪǣĹǰʲôˣ˾ſڵ࣬ˣڿյһ˲䣬ǶԼͬͣһ¡
գ
ͻȻһԼֻڱһȺ˲ιһ
һ룬Щ˾װ·һ߶
ԼԼУЩ˵Ļġѹλ˼֮ݽȥˡ
˵츳š
᲻ش
ϯҪҸֱӰҵĻ˹ȥ
˵λԭҲŴӵظȥСȼٿҵԵģֲ鱦Ĵߴ٣һСȥˣȥûҵ˶ˡ
ҴʮС绹ûҵλһСҵ˶ɱˡ
ҸңѺļȫˣûҵһʵϹ
ء
գ
ʲô
ϸ룬ǸӦʲôתͷ
Ҳʱϯͣ˽ŲΣҪϲΪܵĹ̫Ӵ־࣬ԸһܳδƷ˾ְ֮
˵˶٣ȻһĽԭӦͬȥ˾ģҾڿܲҪҵͬ
˵ţҲ˳ŷտķ˹ȥ
ֻʴͻȻһžƥͷϳ¹ǵ޾һһ̶ɵĻ˹
꣬Ǽȵͣ˲Զĵϡ
Ҳ֪˭
յĺ˲ü˼֡
ȻѾϷϷˣʵУǻǵһμ棬ܲ
û뵽ǣ˱ǻҪ
Ϊһ룬Щ·˵ˣҪˡ
ٺٺٺٺ٣ٺٺٺٺ١
գ
ˣ
һ룬һ΢紩ܵɴֱŷշ˹ȥţձ΢ֱڿն𣬳ųܷ˹ȥ
Ȼ󣬷Ⱦ͵
ͬһʱ䣬Щ·˵Ļ确ôС𣬾Ȼÿѻ˵ҵʱǵһμĳһһʮšڱԼԲǿɾͱҵʱԲʲôɫĶˡãҲ㽻ѡȫɴ֮ˡ
ȻҲ˲Щˡ
֪澹һ졣
濴߼ﾹȻȻǸСԺӣһͤһƬԺһ԰֮⣬һƬȪ֡
ЩҪҪվͤˡ
һۣһɫϵһѩ׵壬ɫȻͷϵһʯġ
¿ãüīԭϸº͵˫ۣڿһ˲˲Ͷһ⡭ԼΪʵʵĽš
ԺҲ˲
յĿ⾶ֱĴϣһ룬̧ž˹ȥ
¾ʶ֣ĿҲ̲סƮ
Լ̲סԼϷϷˣôš
ܿûʱ˼ЩˣΪһ룬վǰվͳܱ𣿡
¾
⹷ʲôʱôòˣ
ǲػվֱӱס
¾
ʾʹ䡣
Ȼˡ
ֻô룬ҲĬĬֱס˷ա
Ҳ֪˶ãյڰ
°ʹ¾ͷϣ̾һá
֮󣬷ĵϲõĸо
š
¾Ҳ˵Ȼ󲻽ս§ڷϵ֡
ҲʱʲôɿһЩȻͷЦ˵ݵɱеĺÿˡ
˵ţָһ
ͬһʱ䣬δ硣
ʱѾȥǧˡ
ǡǹڣչ涨ԱҪڲٵĴ£ǰۣǧǰֲҺӪҺоҩǱҩͨ˻˾ɽߣԼǧǰͬһĹ֣գŷ
ֻǧȥˣûоǧǰļӣԷպ͵۵ĸ飬Ȼٸǰȡ
ŹĽܣ·һڹԱͷתʱװӣʱ϶ûʲô顣
ǰһС͵͵򿪹ĬҲ̲ס㵽һʯ棬˹ԡ
Ȼŷ֣ǲŵ²Ⱥ˵ˡ
ˣһΣٳһΣٳһΣһΣˮû˵ɣǶ䶼ˡ
˶żˣǻҪ㣬̫ˡ
Ҹѣǿս㣬ҶżİˣòϢˣֱ
ס¥ϡ
ʵõˣڵһݣ֮컹ǿԳȥεģ˰ڵ죬֮ǰƶμƻֻȫˣ˵Ѿˡ
̫ˣ
˵ǿҪԱڼݵ͹Ϊ÷˵ܹ֮Уⶼ4210ˣΪʲôôţ
ǣʱƳ̣ᳫȨڣΪϣȡ˳ͬʱҲΪӭϹϲãڶȥôˣѾģǧڶĵֶ֧ҲֻǲȫԶ˰ΪʲôҪԼô鷳
Ͼ˭֪ʵαģΪ˳׻ЩĽҲûɣԾЩҲڲ
ǣݸٶѡ
˭˵ڲģһ˲ܴ˺ǼҾͼŹķˣҪȻΪ۵ܹôʢ
Ҹ˵飬趼ȷﲻвˣ˵ֻҪŷ͹͹һģ˼͹֮徹ȻĲ֪ؾͺˣҵڶͻң
۵ôʢѵΪǶģ򿨵οر𣿡
Ұ˼͹֮󣬲ͺˣ
赱ûи˵ʵͰģ
а
ˣ赱϶ڿЦͰģ֮԰Щȫ鹦͹ϣΪ˲֪㲻ġ
Һһģ̳ģ洫ͺͷһģһܲģ
Ҳʱ򣬹ڽˡ
ֵǸˡ
Ĭæѹ˳һ
ȻĹ۵Ⱥ˵Ĺ۵һģϸûʲôɣڶϹϵλʱϵذݡ
룬ô˵һֵΰˣûйûûнǡ
ԣ˵ĻʵҲΪֵá
뵽ĬһɨеĲͣȻ׼վ
֪ʱ򣬹ϵλͻȻһ۵Ĺâţޱߵѹ˲λΪϯ
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Բۣϵ˿ڣҸոڸСԵſˤĽ׳Ĳˣϣ



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;һģͣһϵĸϰߣǵĺӸһģ;źӣúһͷϣܹ͸һΰҵģһļ򡭡ֻݸģһĽš
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Ѹֻ·ٵģµòϲԭòϡ
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ΪûпĻڳõˣ񶼾ͽ
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