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1  1 
عǰһȴζʮͭ·һԲƯıʯһǮ˼ҡ
ӱĥ÷ǳһ̧ۣܿԼڵӣٵʮƯòݣ°ͼܴˣɫҲʮֲ԰ףûѪɫǾò֮ˡ
һ£ΪӸ˿ž;ᡣ
ƫƫʱһѾģŮڸױҺɫͿĨ/ϣʱ˼ɫЩ
΢ĽŲһѾһͷǳ·ٷˣ˰·͹ˡ
ֻһۣûп۾
ѾмãȻΨһŸΪѾߴŵ˵ٷˣ˵öԣүȥôˣҲ߳ˡ
ٷᣬѾ꣬޵÷ɾȻ˶꣬ȴڰǰɾȥ£㴫جģʧˣ
֮һɽҵɾ·ϣ˶ˣΨٷ˲ԸţɥοΣ֮һֱ㣬Ҳÿ£ǰĪˡ
ٰͬ޵ķǰٷ˺ɫҪúôһ£ɢ
Ȼɷû꣬ТδΪ˷һǻȰٷ˻ͬˣԲĴ硣
Ѿ˵꣬Լ̾ϢΪٷź
ϧ컯Ūˡ
ȻÿÿɾͶݵٷˣһȴֻƤ˶/΢ƫƫɫЦǡ̡
Ѿͷһ˲΢һҡͷӦԼоˡ
ȴʱŮӺȻƺЩ⣺ױϴ˰ɣŰ꣬үʬδʵڲ硣
ѾԽǱǼһᣬѹԼٷعѣٷˡ
ԭȰȰŮӴ/΢࣬һɵģǻܵ£ٶ˵˳ӵĶˮ¸ϴ
һϵ֬ϴȥֻ򵥵ͿĨ࣬ٴαݣ/ȥԼһ£Ц
Ǻ޲ôĥϱķ˻ôģ
ˣ
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ǱѡеĿ촩ߣڴǧΪЩѵԹ
ⲻһϴϢһӣϢˣֿʼزپҵ
һԽǽ󽫾֮Ů
ԭǰǰʧٵɷ֣񴺭÷˴СãȻȻĽס
ԭǴ󽫾ɱҲвٳˣԭʮʱ׳˰ܣȻʱ壬˵а
ʱԭҲ֣񴺭˵ˣ󽫾Ůǲ檵ģ֣񴺭Ȣʹſ޺
֣񴺭Ȣˡ
Ƕӣһ׵ܣһúͺЩãûӣǾʹǹһӣҲһġ
ҲΪ£󽫾ԭϲҲеŬŮֻϣúöԴŮ
ԭ֣񴺭һֱΨһĲþһֱҪ檣Ϊԭ
ÿ糿ӲϵöϱźԼòͣһղҼöϱͲġ
һھ꣬ԭΪ˰ҧܣż˱ϲǣҲûɿڣͲԸɷ檡
һֱǰɷΣΪʵ£͵͵ռطԱ̰ܻߵ֤ݣȴԷҧɽ£ɶȥңҲڿʱ֣񴺭ʧٴ·Ƭ󣬽ʧٱΪ
ԭʧȥɷʹУ޲øһȥ巢֮ĸɱѡ񲻽Լ嵱£ۿԽԽһֱ˳۵źȻеǰ
˵ǸúӣǰҶԲס㣬Ҳɺ
ԭȻҪԼļޣһʱжѣȴֲԸ⣬ܾˡ
֮󼸴Ȱ˵ûͬ⣬ֱŸĿ˵ʹѹ뿴֮ǰ޶ĿӣΪ˻˳ߴ·ųȥ֮ɢɢġ
Ȱ˵زԭţȻԸҲͬˡ
û뵽һ³ţӭľʧٰɷ
*
ǵģ֣񴺭û
ɽ£ȴһŮӾˣڼʧȥü£һǰָ䣬ʹŻȻһֱ·ֱڳڼſڡ
Żϲӭԭȴɵá
ԵɷĿ⣬ͷԼŹʣȻﲻĵزҲһТڵӸô·ԭʮ
һ棬ԭǴµľϲ±ƣ֣񴺭ȴڴѾõʧ
ͬʱԭ⴩Ҳֵ˴ȥ˶Ͳסį̶̰ʹļޣʮֲ
£ԭɷľѩ
ԭϿҵĸԷлмԼɷȴֱɷ˵ҪȢѩϣ⣬Ϊƻѩڡ
һϲԴǵָԭͼļޣӣƾʲô檣
ԭĴ󽫾׻ڱ߹ɱУھǵƵѩо֮ȣں˶ͬ⡣
ԭǴ󽫾֮ŮӼ㣬Ӳûɿڣɷ֣֣ѩ֣ϣܽûˣ󷴶ɷƵԽԽԶ
ԭҲʼĻʱɷѩһ
ڴʱͷԣѩȥݷʱ߻һɽ¼ҪѩԶԶߣ͵߹׸Ѱһ˼ҡ
ϧʧˣѩԥʶ»صǣʱԥѩϳԼŮ
ԥףѩһӳүŮҲԭ۸ģͬʱԥ֪£ֱӸ浽ʵǱߣԭôͽɱڵĶԭ䡣
ɷһʧһ⣬͵˴˲
ԭױѩɷɻ鵱˴̿ͣ޶ԣζԷԼ֡
ԭԹ񣬺Ũ
֪ɷҪȰļޣ´磻ɷ򹼸Ƹʱµŵԣִ檣ѩԼõѡȴƫҪ޸ԼɷƻԼͥҲԥ̷Ŀڹɱߡ
޵ԼΪ֮Ůȴȴ£ĸߣ
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͸¶һɼž
鲻ãѾ˭Ҳ˵ķ·ü
ĴѾСĵĽһͷãһҴҵĽŲԶһҰڿżʱŵѾߴ󺰣ٷˣϲ£
үˣ
үˣ
̶ֵ̼Ϣȴﵱľͷ˵Ѿȫһ𣬶˹أܵһ䣺ʲôүˣ
ôܣ

·һˮ͹žը˻𾪹˶һʱ俴
ʱۿһ죬ֲŵĿ򴫻Ѿߣ˵Ŀģ
ѾͷģٷˣүûſڣѾȥˣūȥүһܿģ
ȹھҪܣȻˣ¸Ͻַţٷˣ㣬үġ
ҪȥǿһЦۿ΢죬ϲּᶨҡҡͷ²ͣģȴȥ
Ҫǽ븮֮ǰϹȥ
ԭھУƣҲɱǣѡ񣬿ᡣ
ϵΪѾˡ
һ΢ʱ䣬üſڣ˿·ʵģ
ȻҪԸֻϷôɲţ
ºѾ߼ִţǸжôүţٷ˿ǲôʹˡ
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֣
֣ҴӰǰȥɥ֣Ҽ֡
֣Ҵſȴˣ濴ֵĸǺ޲Դſ׷ףȫ֣Ҵ֣񴺭
ɿӣˮŶݵգ۵ͬʱƳſڣа
ܺãôˡ
ʸ϶𣬵ʱӦȻģϾɷҪѰޣʹûɹ±Ӧˣ
֣񴺭֪ĸ룬طļǿʼع飬һĵܵܡϱ񣬱Ƚȥɡ
΢ѹŶӣȻȻٿ㣬Դ֪جģǳԲ˯ţһ۾ģƽ챣Ӱ
֣񴺭ݣ˵ϻﱧͷʹޡ
޵һ룬һִŨŨڴŮ𣺡
˶סƫͷȥ
״ζԴϱôڴƫͷʱǵЦݶ¶һȴסˡ
ֻݣŮţ·С׻һТĵ԰ޱȣʱþˣᣬ۰Ͱ͵ĿǣϻӵľϲʹʱŻˮϧ~
⣡
⣡
ô£
·𣿲Ƕ˵˽ÿһ𣿣
⸱´/˵ģҪʲô
ͷһ죬类˴һȭҧȴп˵ϽӣȻжǺڡ
֪Ƚȥˣ
лҪ˵ǡĲ ָˣŮǵһδԽǸУ֮ǰϵĹۿѽ~ 
ʳԤմҿղһѽӵ̯ʳʼӪ
ӵ̯ʳȫ֪СԵ꣡
ĳеĲݸڻңְֲˣͷþͲȥˡ
ֱĳ죬ȥְ·ϣⱻƷʳϵͳ󶨡
ϵͳڶʮСʱʮϲ˰ɹ²Ʒ޹Ǽʧܿ۳1000rmb
˿Լڴ75.5Ԫ
ϵͳеѣǷϵͳrmbֵήͣҲְ־ԶѲ~
ŵøϽԼСȥڵ̯ˡ
Ӵƾɵӿڳ˶ٳԻ顮
#޹Ǽ# #μ# ## #ö# ##
ԻҪʳڴ˴
ΪԼֻΪӦϵͳڸ̯ѣֶ


2  2 
ΪѾߣżߵ˸ǰмöðˮүĻˣٷÿɿˣĿޣͿޣθҲãݳոչʱˤˡ
֣񴺭ڵһ۱㱻ˣǴ󽫾֮Ůŭľɫˣ⼸ͻݣҲʧ
ȴ⸱ģʵڶԱ̫
µĻؿɬɬǧͻ֣
·𱥺ǧꡣ
~~~Ҳڰĺһ
֣񴺭Ͻɿĸףǰסļ̾Ϣ꣬㡣
Ͽűɿ֣һƲʧܣɫãſʲôȥ
һ͵͵ĺΧȺ
֣У֣񴺭һ˵ͻȻĺ䶯ͲСŴû̫ǲԵִҶôͷͿš
ո֣񴺭˵ҪȥϻҪ࿴ֵϱǻȥ˫꣬˭
ϱӣֱͬķġ
̫ˣɷ˰꣬϶رѣûѾ˵ޣѹݳ
ŻҪѣ̫ˣ
вмôˣֳڡ
ϱɫһ࣬÷
֣񴺭Ҳˣȷʵӣ꣬кĸ飬ּģ㵱ûģһĸǸ
ҵĴûҵɽˣʧȥ˼¼䣬һǰԼ˭
ܿˡ۵ĿȴעΧϱ꣬ЦϽҧŴЦ⡣
ΧȺڵķӦ֪ܲ
ۣ
ֲǲᣡ
֣񴺭Ӱοţͷůůģҡͷ࣬ȥˡ
΢΢һЦԣȥˣɽ£ˣλģ
Ŷˡ֣񴺭ʲôͷ
һͷͿһģεŮԹĵ¶Ǹ⣬˴ϺԼܵܡýܣҵľˣѩҪȥɽ²ҩңҿûˡ
ʵ֪ӽǰյһӼĹżиģҲиϱģϲϱû˵
ȰϱļޣöŮ˵Ŀ
ϧʧˡ
Ҳ֪ѩģǶڼĸϻѹµĵһηҪ檣
ζӺܿͻˣ
ȻҪţ˼ʹһŮȰŮ֣ù
ѩԱ߿˰죬㱻ע⵽ˣۿʷǷ֣񴺭ֿԣȻݣüĿɾ¶˵ŮӣĪЩԱĴ
Ǳɽ£ˣ˭ȢԼ
˵ӣŻȻԼͶԷ֮䣬·ź蹵Ҫġʵ
϶ЦôȰͷԶɵĺһˡٷˡ
ü΢̧·ĸŮˣоɫŹ֣Ŀһۣվǣû˵Цſ֣񴺭δ˵Ļ
˳һˡ
ºͣĸ֮ǰˣȼһЩ忡ʮͷͣպлûʧֳʱ
ѹԭѩϣѩүŮɼᶨƵѡ޸
Ŵߴٵ£֣񴺭΢Щڣ˽ģʶͣѩǹ¶ȥˣһ˹úܿ࣬ɽϲ٣ʵڲʺһҰˡ
ЩĲ̫ӵĿ⣬ѩҵչֳϣӴ֪ľҪ̫
ʱЦݣĿѩлչչ֮Ϊ϶뱨ҰסţԺˣһΪһɾױҳˣ
һɾ
ˣ
Ϻ֣񴺭ˢˢס룬һۣɫЩ죬ѩϵɬҲǣ֪롣
ǿֵҰ죬ĽĲҪҪģۣÿǲǽŮˣ
ձ΢գۣЩãȻίôˣ˵ʲô𣿡
Ҫ˵֣񴺭ѾһڣģҴѩΪ檡
㵵ĿԽԽСɼᶨ˵ˡ
檣ͺһ
߼Ѿ߶ˣһֿеĿ⿴֣񴺭¸Ƿŭĺүٷͬʬ⣬һҪȥΪһҪ檣Եٷ𣡣
һֱ֣񴺭˵࣬૵ҪͣЩ˵ڡ
䲢δԸҲеģֻǲǰ˵
Ȼɴ󣬾г
ʶȥֻݵһ԰׵նȻǺ죬ۣһѪ³ˣ
֣񴺭ѸǰסӣŻŵȥһߺţд򣡡
ȫȻû˵Ͼˡ
¶ɬѩҲɲǼСֽȭ
ϵһĿҲˡ
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ȻΪ˲ö檣ˣ
˭޸ɷ˵Ҫʱΰ
ܣҲûΣֻܿŶӽʸ븮ڡ
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һ𣬸ϽȥͼһȺ˶ָָ㣬üۼ¶ĲмɫԶ׼
ɫ΢ףΡΡıӷţậֻܴߴ٣ȥ㣡
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ո꣬ɽӣҡͷԵľӣҲҪúõ
ϵۣʲôÿԺúȺûź뵱ٷ˸ôͣԼźһأ
֣Ҳң֣Уһ·٣Ҵϵʵۣд֮űãȷʵԹͷ
ҲľüǳãǲǼױɱԼĶࡣ
ϱδûмʶԷ˼
֣񴺭εĺһ
ģǳԺúȺõ
ǸոջԼѪˡ
Ҫǽǰӣܴü˵壬ԼѪãƫҪʱ˵Ӧٵȵȵġ
ƲƲ죬Ҳٴȥˣϱ߾ˡ
Ĺĵ뿪
˳㽫ѩҲߣָǶʸô۸
ָԷӵ檣أ
ܵܡѸظԺ
ܿԺӿ
֣񴺭ĸ׵ıӰºúչ׷ųȥˣҲˣҲҪúü
ȫ̰һû֮ǰĺɫˣһ۵ʲô˰壡ٷΪģãŮ˻˵Ҫ檣
߶У۾
˵ˣϲǰٷˣˣвģ
Цҡͷû£Ϣһͳɡ
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ӷźãϳΪһܱտռ䣬ϴżʧЦ˲ʧЩ۵ﱻҧƵĵط
ԭֻ㡮Ρģ֣񴺭ֵô飬ԭӶΪѪĳӾ͸ԵĿˡ
˰ϲʱϲϲʱҲĲϲȥ˼ǸΪʲôԼϲӣƵģ
ϧҧԼͣøء
һѾˣֻ۷ָͣܵĸо
͵ԭš
֣⡣
һҲϡ
һʱСﶼ֪ˡ
ǰѳְ֣Ҵү֣񴺭ŻˣһңǣҶǵˣ
Ϣ˶̫ˣΪɷˣʬĹ˰꣬ɷŸһɷҪ檣ǡ
ǰɣ檣Ҽǵ֣ҴүȢĽС㣬ôҰ
㲻ڳ֪˼ҿɸˣС㶼˵Ҫǹ󽫾Ůٸױĳޣһĺ°֣ҴٸϽ˵вУҪΪ檣
·һŮüǱǱ𰡣˭᲻ԸӣҪȥ檣ɲʲô°
˭֪أʱŮһ仰û˵û׼Ҳ뵱檵ġֳת
һԸһԸ£ǿ˽С㡭
۷׷ףҲϢü죬ܿ콫Ҳ֪ˡ
󽫾ڱ߹أӺӶֶֻӼھǣǼΨһģСϲд֣߿ƾٵ·ӣѾš
ڼϰΣϹܼҴҴææŭˣ֣ϴŻˣ
ûѪ
Ϲܼҷǳͬ⣬ͷҪĲˣүǸϽȥСɣ϶˴ίˡ
ͷȥⷿЩҩĶҳȥҰǣ书ߣˡ
Ϲܼ۽ǳ飬ү侲ȻүһΣǳ͢٣Ź͢Ҫá
֪ˣƲ죬ȥˡ
˴㣬ӡӣ
Ƭ̣ϴСԼһɷĸţһ·ܵܣٶȸϵ֣⡣
ʱ֣Žգڴ˯ŷѣһ̧۾ͼһȺһ˻ĿԼһ飺㡢Ҫ
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ŷ񶨾һϽЦԭǼ幫ӣһ£Сȥͨһ
ͨƨһӣһҰ߿
󸮱ǣ
һѸٳȥ顪һ죬֣űҿˡ
лҪ˵׷°ǧ֣ϣСɰǶ֧~


3  3 
ʱ֣ǸТĸֿĳ档
֣ƽﲻЦڼ˵֣Ժһ´Ӳ֣ڶϱҲֻûġ
һ죬ϵЦݸá
Ϊ˵Ķӻˣϲ£ΪŶӺǶһ£ϸѯʧ¡
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ϲãҪһ¿϶ûӰˣҪ˵һС˹ˣ幫Ӵ˹ѴŴˣ
ʲôĸһС
С˿幫ȥҴٷˣ˺Щˡ
ĸˣң
ԶԵ
û˼Ҹֱ˵Ů檵ĹأΨмң˭ףȾһʣӦͼǣӦֱӸϳȥ
ʮǰСøΪֻһ˵û£ȢСúûӾ檡
תͷ˾ͽСôֱӺˣ
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ҲĸֱӲܲ˵ıŶҪԭ
ԭųһζֲٱЭһ¡
ʧˣҪ˴򻵴ţֱǡ
֣ɫҲ࣬ʧ̬ĺ𣺡̫ˣϴϽȥǸڴ֣ţֱܴ裡
֣񴺭ɫҲ̫ãԸϽԸ׹֣뿪
ȵԺӣû߽ԺԼ漾˵㣬Ȼ֣񴺭Ҫ檣һȥɣ
֣񴺭Ƥһͷֱô˻ҪԵȰ룡
һǼˣֲ֣߽ȥһ⣺ôˣ
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֣񴺭񿴵鲻ѣεıĿ⣬ӣֺõʣͶˡ
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Щü㣡
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֣񴺭Ҫ檵Ҳ֪һ룬֮󼾼½½ţͬһ˼
ԭִ֣᲻ú֣񴺭ôĸ飬Ҳľɷãһֱûͬ⡣
ʵ֮ǰ֣񴺭ȷʵû檣һֱˣʽ檵ġ
ʲôã
ڲԸ룬ֻǲ⹷ŮߣҲһõʱߡ
ת뿪ûָ֣񴺭
֣񴺭֪Ҳû˼ҪʲôȻˣҴҹΪҼˣŪԼҴţ
֣񴺭Ҫ׷ȥһĮסװ޷⣬˰ɡ
֣񴺭
죬ֱŪ򴽣תŬЦţҶԲס㡣
̧/΢ЦЦĿҲ˵
֣񴺭ٿӲ԰׵ݣݵΣӿͷûһֻӵ½⣬
ʵұˣ׷ɱҵ˻ڣʱʧȥ䣬֪ôҰ֣Ϊ˱ңԳҵӣǹͬѾǷˣֻ㣬ҲȢô찡
ƺ˵Щұ֤ÿӦе棬ʲôУ
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֣񴺭ͷңüŷӦɽиӣһٶ˶֪
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֣񴺭ס룬ҡͷ
ЦˣȻ΢һ㣺ʵиڱǣǸСӣԼ֪ûбˣǾ͵²ڣҸ׵˼ȥӣȵʵҪõöࣿ
ºͣ˵ɣ֣񴺭ʶţҲ˳Ļ룬˵ûͦеġ
ӺȻЩþҲ֪޸ãҪδ֪£ﲻô죿
Цݲ䣺ҾˣƷֱɾģ˵ǸҸ鹲ߵģ޹ȥЯһպ֪£⣬֣ҺҼѹסδ𣿡
֣񴺭˵ĶѪǰҲʵڲ˼Ҫ檣˿ڣã͸˵һ£ѩȻʮָм
ƲõĿѩ
Զԣ֣񴺭Ȼһ㣬ֵһԴѸٸĿڣչﻹҪͷˡ
չգʮֺɫ˷һȻöˡ
֣񴺭жѣǰҪץĿڷţίˣΪ֮ǰͿ
Ѹٳ֣ɫࣺȻ֪Ϳˣǻ
֣񴺭Щʧ䣬ɫ֪Լһ檵пƣ˵ʲôȥȥ
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֮ǰǰıʹͻأ֣񴺭ϵӣϾ˼ϵһö檷˶ѩģֱӽ˰ԼԺԱߡ
Ҫһ˺Լɷ޲ðƫ밲ʱʱܳɺ¡
ԺСȴȫⲦѾΧ˵ûֻһԲѾ¶ŵĽ֮ɫ
չ˿ϲ㣬һõԲѾԼС˵ٷ˼޽꣬û÷һɫء
ɵ棿ѩԭͱɬŴ˻糺٣Ρ
ԭſڵѾֲ̿ѣ͹Ůòϲˣ˻ǸŹˣֱȻﻹҪġ
ھӣѩһʼûϣ˼ңȢȻ潻İ⣿
ɵƼ֣񴺭Դǽŵģ֪Ǽ򵥵潻ˡ
ѩܻţԲѾߵĻ͸պ˵ĿˣһŮ˳޺òŵϲǷ϶ԲϲԼ
ԱһѾŸͣȻģ˭֪ǹʱ˻ǺúźԺչ϶֣ˣû׼СҲǴء
ѩزֻɬˣֱӴӶ쵽˲ӣδ飬ܲĴȤװĵɹȥ˰
һżЦʲô˰
ѩҪȥһ뵽ſֱӲܲ˶ԼѿֶסۿᣬСεݶ˼ί㻹ʲôǲ𣿡


4  4 
һţһ̧ۣ˽εĹﺬԼ֣񴺭ļһЩ۵ĹҾԲסʱû˵ϡ
ѰҪִ֣żֺãҲݣƽȶԴ
ģѩ޷죬Ͳ˵ʲô
֣񴺭Էɣǰǰ˵Լ⣬ȴ޷˵ڡ
˵ʵദôãҪ˵һҲûУǲܣֲʥˡ
ôʶԼ˵ķѡΪҪǼѪεҲٴκ˽˵ӡ
ǿƣټУ÷ļȷʵأƽб
ֻͬѩԼ꣬ˣȰ˵Ļ˵ĸѡ
ѩƵĿֹʣʲô˾Ϊ˸Ҵ۵Сۣ
Ȼǡ֣񴺭ЦˣҲһЩӻѾȥŵҵΪ˶׷ɱԷƣ˲֪ҲΪ檣ίˡ
ѩͱ̬Ūĵʱԣ֪ԼĲ²棬ͷһϻŬЦµôͻȻô˵ˣ
֣񴺭ûشתѩҵһһӣ㰲ģҶΪѰһɾԺ۸㣬ҲŹ
İѩЦ
֣񴺭棡
ѩȴҡͷˣҿɲң֣㲻ԸȢұֱ˵˵ǵƵû֪Ҳ֪ģҪ±δ֪ұض㳡һ粻ޣ͵һϹˡ
֣񴺭ˣϽͣģΪҵķȻЩ˵⣬֣ҺͽڣҲҶһ˿õģ

ѩͷ߹һĨ̵ЦݣȻ
Щˣ缾Ȼ⣬ѵտһӣ
տһӣ˼ұضԶԶȲ֣ң˿϶ӱȲ֣񴺭ƾʲô֣ҲޣҪ޸СС
ֻڲܷ
ѩҧҧ⣬ʹԵŭⱻȴٴ̧ͷѾ侲ˮȴȻ֣ӶôˣҲûʸ񷴶ԣɡ
֣񴺭̾Ϣֿһ㣬ԴӦ檣ߵ𲽱ΪҪϰٱ
֣˵ǡѩȻһЦҲ·ˡ
Խ֣񴺭ԽھΣԼ˸ˣˣٶ˵棬ݺĴ뿪
תͷһѺöҩġϧӶҲڱԼ̬ȣ֮϶ỹ
֣񴺭ȴ֪ѩӺöδͬϣģ
Ӳʡ
ƾʲôл޸ö͵˼ңȴƫƫҪİţ޸ССһűָһ㶫
ֻʮֱѾĺ·涼뵽ˣûнֻܼ޸֣񴺭ˡ
Լڱٵ±¶
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Ҫˣպ֣񴺭ضҡ
м÷֮飬ֲõģ
ʱߵĴӹһչȥ·ϰѾŸߴء
·ϰԹߴ綨·
ѩЩκֻ֣̿ʹãס֣ңѾź֣ôö֮ء
Ӱڰ֣ʲôǴүôҲΪ˵˿ϲչˣ͹ȥɡ
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Ҫ˵ٷˣ
û˱Ѿ֪ĸͷһٷǲ̫ãڶ;ˣ֮ܳܺ˯˯ǰɢʱϳһ㱡˯ܶ࣬Ҳˡ
ôܻأ
򿪵ҩûˡ
ȴһδν岻ãҪ޵Ĵүϵ鷿ͷԡ
үǶӦ˲
ٷҲԸ룬ⲻǺúùӵ뷨
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¿СչЩ˿ɺˣһ쵽ߣ绹үȥһʱ
Ҫ檵뷨һֱδ֮ͣǰѡҪôη󽫾Ҫôٷֱߣѩͬ
֣񴺭ľˣһ壬Ҳ˵ٷ˵ĶˣȻܺЩһԴ
Ϊٷ˻һΣжûа
Цãװһŵӣ˵ģү檵ġ
ʲôƵģЩЦ˵ҼƸʱɷ˶ģ檡ңضӾ
¿ɲЩԣǰǾ֣񴺭檣£һ㲻ģ죺檣ҲӦġ
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֣ûʲô˵Цɡ
ǡСѾͷɤٴ
ֻǲ˵һ룬Ц¶ӵԺѾСһ϶Ƿٷˡ
Ҳɫɡ
ǡµͷȥӭӹ
һ죬ûѩǰº飬ɨڣڹӺȺѾϼ룬ٷ˺°
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Ϣ˺ü죬ûڶϱϻⲻʹ߹ˡ
һ壬ɵ֪ˣûȥɡ
Ŀ죬һۣתȥ
Ҳ֪ںʲô
Ҫ˵¼̬ȣɲ׷Ź
ٷˣϢɡ¿ŴǱӰľڲĿ
ЩˣŴӹϣ£ǵͷ»Ǻñӣһ˵ðţ
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컹ãܲ·ʱһ꣬ѹѹ鶼̫ˡ
밲ĻҪȥ밲
·о滹Щ䣬˸ɫӡ
˼죬Ȼı䲻󣬵öˣҲһζز԰ףʱɫ廨ӳţɫ
·ҲոµģһһԵöׯ
Ȼ֪ٷˣѪŵˣ˻Сķţһ·ϵĵط
ʱѩ˵϶ŨЦ⣬һͬŵĻж˵ϱҲЦţʮ֡
ֻǵһ̤룬·˾ЦʧֱӰõһΪ㲻أôãԭǴȥѽ
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ѩɬһЦͷȥͷȴ޺޵˿ǲϲϱһ壬߶ˣ
ɲֻǲϲˣⶼ֮Ƶģ
±Ƶҧ
ʲô˰
ǰԼٷ밲˯ͣԻ
Ǹʱôûٷһ䣿
ʱ¶ٷ֣ίһʱΪٷ˸ˣϧٷûͬ⡣
ɫ䣬˵밲²ͣ˸ǰֱ£⻰ϧһЦǿϧˣĸףļӶȢˣҪøһ
ŭĺһ˼
Ҫѩ޸ԼĴӣɷɸСӣ
޹Ŀĸôˣ
ϸˣ˵ôˣ
ϱ֪Ͽҵ
ϣ
ѩˣˣϽǰһȲ裺ˣȵˮɣ
İ˳ֺ˿ڲ裬ϢƽһЩŸ̾Ǵϱͻҡ
ѩϺϼֵ֣ĸ˵ЦˡȻתͷǸĿ㣬㲻Ҫ⣬ĸֻǿЦġ
ͷЦƺѽʩʩȻ˿ڲ裬ͷȻǿЦϾĲãĸ׵ΪýƸȢ


5  5 
ýƸ
Ȣ
ѩһͣЦݶάֲסˡ
Ȼ֪Լ⣬޷Ϊ֣񴺭ޣһ뵽ԼŹ檣ʱƸãֱӾͳңлǸֳ
ɫѿˣѩԸ⵱ˣϽ棺ϣ
ΪЦ׼Ų˵лĸˡ
죬һʱ侹Ȼ֪ôأѵҪ˵Ҳ̺ӣңֻܺԷɡ
ǡҳڣ˱㶼ʼԡ
֣һҪϳڼóʳʣµӣϲϲǳ֣ȻǵϱҪ밲Ȼϲڴϱϱ
һţ޲ܽԼԵĿٱǧķйڼϱϡ
ԭļ䣬ϵʮ֮ҲȥڼҪԷˣûվźòͣܿϾͻῪˡ
Ȼûϵڶ࣬Ͼüôˣϴҵģżؾˣǳϱͷıʣ
ˣ
ӵϱһֻۣɩˣ֮ǰļ죬ַڣܹˡ
ѩãȻţʲôذ
ſӳٳٲҶͿš
ĸ˵ǡֻһЦĸʲô
ѩĿɿڴû뵽Ȼأ
¶ûģǴҹ𣿲֪ΪΣĵڴڿһĻʱһɫ
ϰΪָԶĶ㡣
ʵʵȥйꡣ
ϳԶһСһСڵģҲ⣬ֻʱȥվȴ˻Σ֮󣬷·һźţһµȥ
ۼֿȥţͬʱˣٷˣ
ѾҲٷˣȥд򣡡
ֺҼٷ岻ã̶ʱΣ֮ǰûϳ

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ʵˣҪ޷м֮ǰӡڣһʱ޷ȷλǼΣķϺ廹ûù밲ʲôڶϱĻţ
ȡһȳֲ֣ЦϱϽһڸǹȥ
ɲǸ
Ϊһ仰ܸıոյ
ղѣҪƽʱ϶ݲöϱǰոмǰ̫֮˼ֻǣˣȥɡ
Ҳûԣûθڡ
ǣĸסϱɴӦ˳˳ȥ
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ȿ쵽ſˣһĴҲйջͷһ򱻴ȵҡ
˴ţһŴǣһһ𣡡
üһ
ǽһƬĴ˰
һ·ǰԺԺ˽ϵģ;ѯʴ·˵ʲô
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ʣλһۣڶԷж˺ͶԸŴԺĸ̾
ȦĲ׻졣
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۾һɣǸôѾӲãǵһźòͣʲôأ
ЦԽɬϻֵ˵ϱȻģ
ˣ߲Լ嵱µˣҪ䣬ͱ˳ӣͷͼԷüŪۣһ£ȻӦ
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˵˵ǺƵĵͷſһ˷ò٣ǲ
λÿ˶õĽ۶һģ͵úúţš
ӶԼ˵лȻ˵£ͼλȥ
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û취ҲýԼٲúţҪ²޶޲õġ֪öһ㣬ĵĽѵ
ǣ˵ǡµͷһһΪѵ̾Ϣ
ȼ뿪ϵΪȴ˲ʧŲظϣܻһ˵˵ٷˣ˵ˣλ򶼴ҩͯϲྵģҩͯҲرȤ˵£϶˾֪
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ǡµ˿佱ЦݸӲãɿһ䣺ٷˣҰʲôѽ
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ֱӽҩһֽֽϵĶץҩȻһ䣺Ҫһ򣬷ֿҩ򡣡
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ʱǲˣҲûȥǰ߿ֻ࣬ܺǰĺɣܲܰæ
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6  6 
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ԵҲԶԣҵʱˣһȺˣҲ֪˭֮ǰ֣Ҵӽ˵Żˣġ

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֣񴺭ǳᶨȻģһ£˭Ҳ֪ĸֻΪá
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֣񴺭ǰ컹ʱѾԾҪ뿪Ҫȥϴ裬ȻúϢһ¡
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۰Ͱ͵Ŀ⼸Ҷû˯ãجΣμŵĻһ·ſڣպңΪҪļޡ
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ҰɣڣجҲµġ
֣񴺭ʱ޻ˣͷͬ⣺ã֣ȥϴ㡣
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ȵҹĶڼĶͿʼֻˡ
۾˳ˣͬʱŵĺ
Ҫ˯ŵ֣񴺭һ飬ˣæ˵ôˣ
ûʲô˯ţн㡣
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ᣬżֽӣ·ʮֲ˼ƫƫ׼ʱҪ˯ŵ˳ѡ
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ټÿϳһʱϣ󳼻ִȴˣоݣһһէʵǴҩ
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ֱ˺֡
جج䣬֣񴺭ΪֺˣʶЩĻһ䣺ôˣ
ΧɲǼɢ˺¡
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л2021-04-07 12:14:27~2021-04-12 16:14:38ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лͶ񵯵Сʹˮ 2
лӪҺСʹдè 40ƿѧ⻷ 30ƿ 20ƿɽĩζȡŶ 10ƿ 5ƿ̲ 4ƿַ 1ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


7  7 
ⶸȻðʵڹ졣
֣񴺭ܸоԣ亹һģҪ۾Ȼûֱʵ̫Ũˡ
ҧҧ⣬һʹ΢һЩŬ۾ͼһȺȫתϷϵˣҲԼ
˲ʶʲôͷȻһܵĹ¿ͷͬʱߺˡ
µ˲䣬ϥ鵽ʯ淢顪һ죬֣񴺭۵Ƥֱ飬ͷҵϺӰ
ҪܻһҪﲻҪΪѰˡ
̫ˣ
*
֣񴺭ʵҲòУͣĴǷǳŵ»˵糿Ѭˡ
ǡЩֵĿһۡ
ٷ糿ģ˵һ춼ãôҪˣ
Ҳûͣһ˯һ߱źϴ˰ѳʳ͵û˯ã˯һ
Ѿˣϴ꣬ʳհںãڵİֵ࣬ʮֿɿڡ
˶ӣ/˯ǰһû֮ǰ˭Ҳ׼š
ǡµðԺſڡ
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һҲˣ˲Ѭ㣬ߡ
۾֮ǰ֣񴺭һ룬֪ûյԼ
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ϾѬЧǼõģֲסˣ˵ȫûз֣񴺭ˡ
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պ⼸֣ϴ󼸴αΣ컹֮˯ˡ
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֪ˣڣӦýôҲŶԡ
һӶΪܶõһò΢һЩͱ֣۸浽ǵˣЩʹ͸֣ң˷ѣ
֣񴺭䲻֪ʵ۵뷨ҲоԼ³иǰûڣù˼ĸ׵뷨ֹĸصģȻмôƽ⣬ƫƫ˯
ش𣺡ر£³³Ѿܺá
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ѵҪ˵أһĹŮɳģ
Щųɻķ·
֣񴺭ԺԶǵĻ棬ǸʱļΪ󽫾ŮǱŵġ
·϶ܱ黫̯ͺóԵģʱʱʹӵĻʺϲˣˣֲھû
Ϊﲻϲᶼٲμӡ
ǰҫ۵ļΪԼ⸱ģҪ˵᲻ᱻ
ӣ˵ͬΪٵ֣ˣѹʻΪβ𣡡
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ͷʵ۳Ƭ̣˵С֣䣬֪ո޽Ϊ£
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ʵۺЦĸ۸󽫾֮ŮúһӢŮӱεĵز
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ʵʩʩȻղŵĻԩģ˵ιƽ£ǰ߶Ըң
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¶Ҳ˺ܵĵĵţֱѾүͳˡ
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᣺ûˣͲΪһˣ㶼⣬Щǰװءһڰ
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ƫƫ˵ĸ׵ĹĸĹȥԼ
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С˲δԺǱ˷ˡ
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ȸѩһȥʱǳһ£ŲһЩ
ѩƫͷһ˫ĵӰɻôˣ
֣񴺭ܿǰУûʲô


8  8 
˯ͿĹĵɫ
û𴲣ڴϻ˻˳Ϊ㡣
͵Ÿ״ˣһæ˵ٷˣүչͤһʱ
һѾҲæͷ˵ʲôѽйŮչﻹδ飬Ȼһ㲻ӣǽ翪ţҲ˰ٷˣٲôһΪԼ޽֣ˣ
ʣǿв֮٣
Ѿˢˢҡͷޡ
̯֣ⲻˣ
ٷˣѾżˣȴֲҶ˵ȷʵûвԾľٶɹôãһδĹһӵӣ̫ˣ
Цݸƺˡ
ûҪѹģΪˣֵá
ϱԭʹʧɷҲʧң˶ԼһУʵأ
֣ɷҲʧٰˡ
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ѩ֣񴺭֮޵/һ㲻ż
żˡ
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µѾ߷߷߲ƽοǳȥ棬ԼڼԵ֡
¸㲻ôģûΪģҲٶ졣
ǵ֣񴺭ֹˡ
ֱȵǸŰԼûסϻǲҪˣôԺֵҪٳ£ǲС
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Դϴεһ£ϵ׶ּɻ䣬֪תҲûأֻûˡ
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˵ӵϣ£㲻ŵĻش𣺡ĸ˵ЦˣϱΪ˸ԼȻΪԼһˡ
ϰ㲻ţΪ˹ԼӣΪ˳ȥЩСʱȣҹŮ²ЩšüͷҲʦڰӣӶ
ԼˣҪ
ҪʲôԼˣȻĸ׵޲٣ָӣ˲٣ԼЩӹޡ
ϸˣ⼾ȻԼЩױһ㲻֣زūһԼû㣬̲ס˵ԭԼ˰Ϊɩȴ֪չһµܵãֻԼǼҺùذ
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ЦϹ죺ԭϱûչ˵ܵ𣿶ϱͻȥҷҪӸܵܡðͷ
ϵʲô˼ôҪҺҪˣһССɣʲôǮ
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ѩϽ񣺡㡣
Цݶׯ᣺˿չ֣ҿϰߣ
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ͷһĽͷԼؾȹӡ
ףչﵽδ֮ס֣Ҳ̫ãģȥμةСٰͻ磬ʱδ鹫ӳϯұضΪѰһʵɾ
ѩһϽҡͷˣ
ˣ
ŲҪˣ
ûоĿܣչﲻغߣŮӶҪ˵ģչһֱޣ޸Ұѡˣõѡ񡣡
Ҳˡѩ۾һϽҡͷл⣬Ĳˡ
ɫģ
ѩҧҧģ
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ȴ˵ҲţǡҸϸŮɣ
Ů
ŮŮŻ𲻼ޣһ㶼ͷŮӲŻˣͨŮʱȷʵûж
ǹٸǼǣһŮټ˾Ƿףû˻ܡ
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ӣҡͷչ㲻ˣֲŮǵΣ
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ѩĿ⿴һȣģ˵ɷ˻ͬԼ
οļǸĺùǸܵ㣬סڸҪ㱼Ÿҷ߹أͷиׯӣܲסȥȢ㡣
ѩͷβʱɢʹҡͷãĲãҿסģ㲻Ʒѣġ
סǳõģҲƷѣׯӿţϾҷΪ𱨣ҸһһгرжҲرġ
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ѩֱ㶵ĿıӰҧŴҵðһ˿Թޡ
ǲǷʲô
ԲԼס֣ң
ƾʲôԼҪĻ
лҪ˵Ҫ檣
ϰһ£Сɰǰצצѽ~


9  9 
ѩĿţֱӹŻȻɫһʱʵڲ˼
ЦЦֱٷˣҲ͹ܰοοˡ
ѩֻϱϵãԼӵĵطոձһڣȻЩͬˣһ䣺ĸϲ̫ǿƣ
ӲĿٷ˲ǿư
ѩ㵣ҪʣյߣСٷ˹ʱ壬ѣѳŴүôү檣ɻһۿŴүһûӣ˵÷ϲ𣿡
ѩôҲû뵽ԭ򣬴ǰȻҲѾ˵ٷһֱûֻԵûϾǰ˵ŹŮ嶼ǴСţȴ롭
˲䱬һ⡣
޷
ԭǼѨ
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ʮ£²͹ˣת䣬Ļ࣬պ֣ҵС԰ˮɿˡ
ѩˮɻЩѹֵһӣ˳Ƶա
ձϱ񿴼УǰĶ·𿴼ů⣬ϵЦ·һǧƱѩѽӴ⻨ÿ
ժĸģʢˮءѩţ˳ߡ
һֱˣĸŮȻĸŮ
Խˣ˼ĶԱȣôѩϲöѾȱ㣬Ͼˣû׼ָһһ
һƯˮɻʣѩôñȽ
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ѩ΢Ц˵Цˡ
ŲҪ޸ˣոɨôһۣһ봩Ųôȫû֣񴺭忡/


10  10 
һ۾Ϳѩ뷨ɵЦ΢΢ҡͷ⺢ӣҲ֪뷨Ϊ檺ף
̾ţһкˣ겻ˡ
˵ԶһɫȹŮŲĿԻһЩŮһ绨񣬸ɫۻҡ
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лδ˵ŮҲиոճףıˣǴСһ𳤴꣬ȻҲһ档
䣬ǵעѩϣ㣬˭ѽ
ЦҷľˣѩչĸҴ档
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Ҳѩһֱһ飬ĺҲǰ˵ˣʱ뿪δֻǻͷһչͻλСƢԶãԱ㡣
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лҪ˵л2021-04-12 16:14:00~2021-04-16 20:00:00ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лͶ׵Сʹĺĺ 1
лӪҺСʹС͵Ц 50ƿңִ 20ƿĺĺ 6ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


11  11 
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12  12 
ͤȥ֮δʲô·һ·˳ͻ磬˸ǻؼҡ
ΨһĲ֣ͬ񴺭Ȼſڽ
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Ϊµᷢʲô밲֮Ҳûȥڼҵš
糯˵ʱ䣬͵֣񴺭
һ֣񴺭û˿գڵĹʱɢǼճһ㱡ȾһĨ糺죬ݵЩУžͺܲ
ˣٷȻȥϢɣ
ٵһҡҡͷ̵š
ֱһЩȻŵ𣺡ү
ͷͼ֣񴺭ǹɫڳһǷǳӡ
߽ˣҲû֮ǰһֱӻѾߣ˶뿪ˣԺֻʣѩ£ڼ˵𣿡
ɻĿ˵ʲô
֣񴺭üͷ̽Ŀ㲻֪ڴڳ˵ҲһڣƫƫȢȴֽ֣ңޣίΣֱӳҵְ
ŻȻ񣬲ôȥ˵֪ģҲ檰ʣ²ֹҺ֪ɣ
֣񴺭ĵŭⱻһѯŪ΢侲Ҳ²˵ȥģûôɵ΢εҡͷ㣬֪
ȴûӦһ䣺û֪
֣񴺭һ̽˵ѩ
һظ²Ҫñ֪ʱհѪ˵ȥ˳Ҳ֪ˡ
ûԼûУΨһܾѩ
ԡͷһʲôЦĸҴȥةҵͻ磬ڼҴСҲء
ܣ֣񴺭Ҳҡͷǳϣô˵˺ԼûҪ
𣿡ζЦЦҲ˵Ҳû˵˭ǲţֱ˵ȥթһ²ͳˡ
֣񴺭üͷøˣУѩǸܵĹԼһѪȴûзľΡ
Ϊ˱ԸԷơ
ٺҲЩ񶾵ѩ
ѩҪ檡
ҲǱԸĬ˵ڮ٣һɿ˵ŮôڼҴС˵£
ĵ֣񴺭㲻濴ϲɣҲֲԸҸܺʵˣǵ㿪檣
֣񴺭һҲĿ⡣
лҪ˵ѡϹˣ~


13  13 
֣񴺭ڨЦңѩ˵ֻã֮ûʲô
Ц֪Ҳûúø˵㣬ԷƣǵʱȨ֮ƣδضں
֣񴺭ȻЦţ˿ɿԼѩ뷨οЦ⣬ͷãȥ
ǰȥ˾Ѿˡ
ϼôͻȻˣ
ԺǱߵϢ;ò˵ֱӻû뵽ôݣŵøϽѯʡ
ѩ󣬿֣񴺭æһ֣硣
壬⣬ȴִꡣ
֣񴺭ʶͷײЦЦ񣬵ͷƤһ飬ǰһЩһѩͷѩƲɺã
ĵⲻ԰
檵ѵڼû
ҪɫǳģֲˣϴѾɷͶӣ֮ǰˡ
ѩ˵ʲôȥ
Ժһɽ֣񴺭ǰŵСʣѩڱ£ΪҪڼҴС㣿
ͽŵѩֱӾŵ̧ͷһ˲ͫ׵ɴ󣬻޴һûüΡ
֣񴺭/øˣһ˫ƽº͵Ӷ˼ѹƵһ䣺ѩΪҪô
ѩСŵöҪĳƵģһ£̬ȡ
ǱԼģϲˣ
ѩһʱί̧֣񴺭ӣ濴ԼʧӶÿհףûס޵֣磬ҴˣҾǲ޸˲ģ㲻Ҫء
µûڷֺۿģ
֣񴺭թ֤ʵˣŭͷȴֱŪ÷αأҲֻΪ檣ίˡ
ίѩҡͷ̽Ҫȥӣ֣磬ϲ㣬СׯǶʱĵʱҲֿ
֣񴺭ַŵ㿪ҲЩɬɫһʱû˵
ѩˣεڰн˺üŷ£øˣһβίѹ
˶ԣʱһȣµүٷ˵ʱˣˣԻԣ
֣񴺭΢ѸĨ˰ָ侲תͷصȻԡ
ȻѩѩңҺܸмӣ޷ҪģԺãһĸΪŮҸʵķңģһԽͣδضᡣ
ѩۡһޣίͰ͵֣磬Ҳ뵱ã
ֻܵã֣񴺭ݺĲתһ뿪
ѩıӰҪȴһѾֹϳǼߵһѾߡ
ѾչŮбעһΪãȻͲǴүŪˣԼƻˡ
ѩ߷ߵ˦֣ܡ
һ·ĻãȻģΪӽ˵ˣ¶ִˣ֣񴺭ǲԸȢѹ
ʵǸ߹˾˶ں
ھһ²ټ
ֻԷƣѩЩӰ죬ǰΪ˱һˣ֣񴺭ʵھ
ͼǳĶޣദûҲûۡ
ûбĲ֮٣ֻҪúôѩҲǿԵģҶ˵䡣
ڴҲûἾȻû˹ָ֣񴺭Σһ֣񴺭ѩ׵檻ޣһԸһԸ˾Ͳʡ
֣񴺭ڼķ£졣
ǶѩЩĶɲǷҪ檲ɣѡҲ޿ɺǡ
*
ѩİʱˣ֣񴺭˵ҪڣҲֻܾĻصԺָɣԵ
͵֪ģ֣񴺭Цա
Ҫǿְͺܿġ
֣񴺭ĸǿƾٳھҲжʮ꣬ʲô֪ܲ
ΪһʼŮã˼޷ֵס֣ң
ûбһҵ뷨ǲŵġ
ΪԼΪۣǶж񱨡
֣񴺭֪ЦΪ˱ӦΪԼܾѩˣĵĸԼְ¡
ϴαҪˣϧ𴩻ԣûᣬְ֪ͣиԺĲҲǺ¡
Ͼ״Ԫ۵ҲȥԺۼȵʵʱٷã
ںˣʲôûУڼ̹Ҳ
ٴί˵Լ־ܡ
ЦĿ·ˣЩᣬԸࣿ
֣񴺭üҪܾӺŮʲô˼һ뵽Լ󣬻ҧͷȻԸ⣬Ϊۣ
ĽȸϣԼˣѵõȻûáˣٲ˵ֻ࣬ĨƽˣҲĥˣɵúúš
֣񴺭ڨЦĸȡ
ΪֻвԼһ¾͹ˣ˭֪һ󣬾һ磬֣񴺭Ҫͻ˵û£ӦõģϾûĸҪվһ
ĸûҪ̼ģûҺãͷӦõġ
ÿһ仰˵֣񴺭ֲ˼ҧҧֻǵˣջȣ˵ģһдŸġ
ﲹһ䣺дŸŮ̫ûˣҪ
Ͱˡ֣񴺭ڵõҪĻظָ֮࣬ᡣ
ʲôʱҪ˶Լϥ
ԼţȴҲǵ𣬻鲻Ը
֣񴺭ҲһеԴΪΣĸ꣬Լģߣ϶ԭԼģûͬùһ㣬ֱӺ룬¾ͲǴ⡣
֣񴺭Ҳϴ֣Ҫ뿪
ȴסչýзţ͵³ӦУý˵Ȼԣ˿ڼ򵥣ҾòΣ
֣񴺭΢ֺܿЦЩҲͳɡ
ãȥչҲЦš
һѾճ̣ѩԸҲûãлĹףѩ֣Һͼġ
֮죬ֻҪѩպһֱҷգ޵ķҲᱻЯҪ˼ңǴ¡
Ȣһڻš
˵ѩûͦÿġ
֣񴺭ͷˡ
͵ȥʡ
һҪ飬ȥ鷿ˡ֣񴺭
ȥɡ°ͣҲһ¡
֣񴺭һʧԼת뿪߳ԺӣͼСżӣ㣡
֣񴺭һݣһʱߣͬʱ𣺡ô˵
СҪȥӵ˲Ÿӱ𼱡С˽͵
֣񴺭΢Ҳɿĳȥһ۵뿪֣ҡ
*
һʱ֣񴺭ٴλʱɫǸӾģ·һǳشѡԥŲ֪ѡĸ
ƽбĵľ𽥱ΣǰϤԺӣһ̧ȥ
ȻһѾ߳ææ˵үչɱˣ
֣񴺭ɫ䣺󣿣
лҪ˵¶Ӿ
л2021-04-16 20:00:00~2021-04-18 20:00:00ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лӪҺСʹС 70ƿǳ߹ 30ƿҲͷ졢 20ƿƵ 10ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


14  14 
ѩɱ֣񴺭û뵽ģȴ֮С
Ȼ˵ȥѯѩǷԸ޸ǰ׵ʵǰû·ϣΪ³ɲˡ
˵ϱѩָүŮݣĸ׻ԥʮֳ谮ңȻҲڻü޸֣񴺭Ϊ檡
ȴּ޹ԥԼѣڳ֮λ
ǲڴʱͬ޸һͨġ
ҪΨϧ
֣񴺭һʱȥ
ǰһȥģڻ֣Ҵٷˣ֣ûгȥʲôֵµ˶֪
ѩСԺӣͼһڽѾΰҩŴ򱨳ҩƶϳЩǲѪҩġ
ҩĶô˵ûеأ
ܿѾߺӣƽҡ
ѩɫҰ׵ڴϣ˫Ŀգëȴ΢΢¶źɴòУﻹŨŨѪζѾǻæѪ
ĿϿ˿/԰׵Ĩ˷ۣѪɫȻ٣ԭȷ롣
Ҫȥ֣񴺭ڿޣһ㶼ϲѩ⺢ӵ棬϶ˣͲԸ޸ˣҪ
˵ݼΪĸŮˣŮΪɱʹȴֲòȰ˽ԼŮӡ
ʵôĸ飿
ԭź궼û϶Щɫأ
֣񴺭ĸףЩƣȴᶨȢ
̶ĸ֣ˢˢˡ
Ŀɿڴû뵽Ѿعٴƫһٷˡ
зִ磬ѹ
ԭҪȻ⻰˺һ̫ŶͻȻͬ˵һΣո˵ʲô
Ȼͬˣ
¼Ϸˣ
¼Ҹ飿
ԺŶӣĻش
֣񴺭ͷɫ侲һȢѩѩúûţҪˡ
úãϴϲʱ˵ʲôʲôˣҲˣֻˣӿ϶Ҳˣѩͨ檲ͬɲܷ£ȥš
߸˵Ѹ뵽ϯ飬Ҫȥѩ˵
֪һתͿվŵĴϱûʧ¶һĨڨЦϴҵġ
ˣ
ո̫ˣ˴ϱŶһģ˵̫϶Ҳˣ
ֵܿˣһǶ˵Ҫ檵ģٷҲܷԹԼ˵ģ
֣񴺭΢ң飬Ȼ¶ģҲû뵽ôͱ֪
ʱһ亹ǰŬŵҽ͡
̧Ŀţ°΢㣬𣺡ã˵
ϣô˵ģôӵ𣿸һϿԼҶӱ΢ֱֺŭˣոյǵʧֻжϱĲ
Ҳֻ֣񴺭Ļش
Ϊŭ𣬾ҪǰѵȻһ֣񴺭סǷ֮£Լ
ϽŲûʼͣ£ƵĿŶӡ
֣񴺭ֲķԣֻҧۡ
֣񴺭Цۣ統ţʲôҲѩΪԼ֪£Ҳû취̫ϧֿȻȥ˵𣿡
ɫԣΪҲûԣڵȴϢǵͷˡ
֣񴺭΢ɣ뿪δȥһѩ
ѣɶߵ̫죬ŭ˼ǱˣˣֺǺǵңײѩڴЦǺǲǺʧ
ѩɬĴĸ
֪ˣϴ󷽷˵ҿǹˣҲ𲻺˼ȻĲãģˣæŰϣţͻˡ
ѩ֪ġѩĵͷлĸȫ
֪ͺáҲ⣺պҪúΪҶ֦ɢҶǣ
*
֣񴺭ص˵Ժ
´Ѿ뿪ʱĹĵģǲڣֱӶˡ
ܿԺӱգʯԡ
ûڣ֣񴺭˵
֣񴺭һʼʣԼһһͣһ˿ԼԽԽţЩɥԼ˵ɱˣҪˣҲã㲻Ҫ̫ҷģԺٲɱˣ
ЩЦôãҪҪˣһҪ㻹סΪˣвˣ
֣񴺭ƿԡ
ƣ˵Ȣʱ˵檣񷴻ˣַһԣһ𣿡
֣񴺭ͷ̾Ϣ֪޷ƽߣɵÿЦ˵п𣿡
΢ϸ۲죬һ̣ǷǳģɬԵ޿κΣ뵽˵һˣıһγš
/΢ţ֪ʲôĿԣ㲻ò檣òң
ûд󳳴֣֣񴺭Σĳģ·һһٽĴʯͷƫƫпԣֻҡͷʱ˵Ҫ֪ȢһĻ㡣
𣿡ʡ
֣񴺭ĬԶԡ
ЦİǷֿģңǻͱŮңǼҲףɸģ
֣񴺭ΪѿıЩŭ²ᲢۣѩȻЩòԣҵǸŮȢԶԽģ
ˣɡ
˵˷ϣҲ˳µġ
֣񴺭ܾۿɼҪ֣żУҪ룡
㿪֣񴺭֪ģҼŮ˹һ򣡡
֣񴺭ЩҲվҪȴתͷһԴӶ񿴵һĴһ룬ҷԺҲˣģܺ룬Ҳͬģ
÷ô꣬û˱Ҹ㣬Ҳû˱ң㲻Ϊһѩ͸Һģпԣ㲻Ҫȡֺòá
ǵ
֣񴺭ʼơ
۵˵һֱ˵ˣȻһЦװмֶݣȴֲĵô֪˵滰Ǻҵļٻ
֣񴺭ҿԷģ
ȴҡͷ÷ģﵹи֤ĵĶ˵óһŷſɬζҩ͵ǰִĿǶӾҩ裬㲻ã֣񴺭𣿡
ζĹ۰׵ǰͣдżֲмƶҳԡ
֣񴺭һΪʲôҩ裬ĻףǿԼ
ʶʮֳ꣬Ϊ꣬ͬôã˵ȸĸҪܡ
һôĸҩ
˵ֻѣҲĲ
ӾˣҲӾ
һ·ͻȻҩͻȻóԼԵĲҩ׼õĶ/ҩ
֣񴺭˼꣬ĿǰŮӣҪҳԣ
ĮԣҾʱ룡
֣񴺭ͷãҳԡ˵ĵҩ裬ҲûҪˮֱ£ɬҩζ鲼ͷ
ſ죬ʾԼˣȻ˵ؿԭ𣿲Ҫòã
꣬ȷȥˣһЦɫˣðʱ룬ȻѩҪ檣ĸģȻҪĲ˵
֣񴺭仰԰ģһЦá
лҪ˵ԼԵģĹ
֣񴺭ʧˣ


15  15 
֣񴺭һºܿ찲ˣ˵Ҫѩɾÿ졣
˸Ժӣ׼ǰѩȥסţʱӭ׹ν׼
Ժӣֵλ⡣
Ϊ𽵹ǰ˵ѩǺľˣϵڣҲһңֻǹˣһȣȲ⡣
ЦɣȻ⣬ĸ׾á
شҲ̫ˣûһ˲Ը
ϣķչǺܲԾ
ɵĥɫܾᰵʹƵġ
ֿûĲԾҲһ£㶯ҲûУܴʹ
벻ͨϻ뿪ˣͷ֣񴺭һ־ίҪѡ
޵ģԴ֣񴺭Ҫ檣û£Ҳ⡣
֣񴺭Ҳǿֻڨڨ뿪ŵ֮󣬰ܻܵġ
ﵹˣҲûܾЩӣû˺ӹȥ
ʱǺڵģˣСĿűĿٷˣٷˣ̫ˡ
ЦĿˣ
ͷЩ⣬̹ϵ˵ûУǴү檣Ҿġ
оˡشȫƤûһ£ǻЦ⣬ͦ˵ģ֣񴺭檣ιһŶҩɶӾԣ̫ˣ
¿ֿȷʵĵģǾǲںˣС˵ҪɣүͷҲΪġ
Цһۣ˵֪ˡ
˵⣬ûȰ˵
ٷ˸ĸоͬģƻʵѾȥľõ֤
Ȼ֣񴺭ʵôҪ
ﲻ룬ʲôԭ
벻ͨҲҪ
ֻǵ֣Ҵү檵¡ɹ檵´ȥˣΪҴСļȴһ㶯ûУùעµ˱ҪӹעҶڵżʲôʱ롣
ķ¶ע׺
ռô¹ѹڴʱ֣檵ĵ졣
֪º͵͵Ѿ»İͷҲȥѹ˺룬Ȼʲߣ׬һһ㡣
֮⣬һͽȥ档
ӵľǼǰúõĹѣԳɻҲû֣꣬񴺭檣벻һӹˡ
Ψһͬϡ
֮䰴˵࣬ҲΪֹԭ֣񴺭ӹϵܲϱڲ֣񴺭ʱ϶Ȱ뿪㣬в檵ġ
ԭȻ˼ɶԷûгԲѷ̬Ҳã֮ϾͲٹˣֻǿ֡
һϵٿӣͶһ˼ˡ
Ե޹ʣΪϻͷȥֻ˵յһЩзһͬƷʲô
ϵӣ£һһ£ȥ
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ʱҲͦģҪܵʮ׼ʱ䣬һεڶҪȥ
󣬾˸Լ˲·Ȼ괩Խ׺ԭһԭΪӭϲãĶһģϲһ㡣
·٣ϾͿˣҲµ˲٣һ룬ȴֲҫۣҲ
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ڶ磬׼ʱӸ
ĲһˣһĶεķС㣬Ƿ˱Ƚ϶ࡣ
ǼҲһʱʺãͬʱĨǵĴ֣񴺭һ£Ŀ
ȥ
ƷзȻзˣһȺڼûа쳣
зζҲܿġ
ֱĻǰ½½ǣǰһѾߣߵĴѾߣ֣ٷˣЩȥһˣͷƲ
áЦͷѾ߹ȥ
˵ϴʱƫĴţӭӣδ˵֮ǰ㲡һڿž񲻴Ǻȫˣ
õò˰ɡº͵Ӧ
ʮֱ׼Ĵҹ㣬˵Ц֣ĿɣһⲻСˣӸλĳЩʱҲǿƣڣߣͲݵķ֮ǰ˲
ǾͺãһŽ̫ҽ㿴ءϰĵ
Ͻл־ܾˡ
ѽº͵Ŀ֣ҵ˵ˣίˣ˰࣬ȴȵҲŪ˰
⣿
ĲŶԡ
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ǵһεĻźۼĹ۲ϣһ߸ͣǰŪˡ
ĻԼ÷һЩ·һԭֵ£òô֣һЦô
뷨ҡҡͷʲôһ¶Ѿճ̣ٸǱ߶ǼǺˡ
Խɣü䣬ļ򣺡ͺãм檵ģҲһ㣬ɻûӣ֣Ȼżˣ޺󣬵ģҿһֱĽ֣үĸ飬ˣУ㶨ȻҪġ
ҲΪЩŵĴЩԹҪΪҪ檣
æ˵ⲻҲ컯ŪˣҪûʧ䣬Ҳһˡڴ̫Ȼ¶תأ治ȢλˣԺãΪҲаѵ㲻һھ
˵֣񴺭ڣ˵ھʵ۹ƶԸ⿴
֣񴺭ı£Ǹ߳ʳģûܱá
һȴϣ·ʲô
ʵ۲ãһλʵȴģ
ϼף䴽Ц٣úαңģҲң㣬ˣҲΪɷ룬λչӦǺģҲɱˡ
ҧû˵
ϼģͲµѾԼ˵࣬ҲǣٰŮˣɻˣﻹɷҪ򲻵ѣǲúġ
檣
ĸ治檵ģ
ܱôãûùǰǿӦǲܵġ
ȷԼ½ˣԽͣһѶ£ǾҪǰ֮ǽɷĽҽ㼸С
ӺԺһȺݺݺ࣬һ̵ģʻҸ
ϴģҪĵȻҵҵõˣͻ˼ˣЩСèСһ᣻ҪǶҵаȻ㡭
ˡɵĵͷЩһ㡣
ϲδֱӷ뿪̵ֽ˺ЩץסĵֶΣʲôץסθ㣬岻ʱʵɷȥӣѾ߿һæסɷʲôġ
ȫЦݶӲˣֱӻӦȥˡ
ϱϴԵ̫ˣѾᶨԷΪ죬Լһ΢ĵطˣ᲻𷴲뷨
Ǳģǽ̳̫ġ
*
˵øһ䡣
ҵ飬ٿڣѸǡ
̸ܾ϶֮ǰ࣬Ժ;ӣ䣬жǶȵĿޣЩСèС֮ġ
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ϣųڣϵ̬ȣһ֣񴺭֮ǰ뿪һʱЩ롣
֣񴺭һºǣ֪ѩݣҪ£ԥڶλ֮ϸ˳
ɲ԰ԥȻлȨ࣬ǵǺ͵Ȩʧܺġ
λΪʵʮٳǴ٣ģҵʱԭȥ֮ǰԥˣҲҪཻҪ
ԭֱɱ£ʲôϣֲŭң
Ժﲻɵðһѡӣ
һҲһж˵ͨ
ţԽԽ˳ʱȻԴʹһϢ͹
ֱֻһüһ


16  16 
ԭֺĻ䣬δ̿ͽûȣ֮󱾸²֪
ļ䣬ȴ֪ķչ
ΪڵһС˵磬ŮѩһŮ֣Ҵ֣񴺭󣬶Էʧ䣬ʧǶʱΪ˶ܵˣԷƣͬһݡ
ֱŮճദж/
˭֪/ͱʱ֣񴺭ȥæҩҰޣ;ٴˤһ£øûбҰ˵ָ䡣
֣񴺭Լи֮ΪѩԶҵһʱϵٸʰʰ׼ؾ
صĴ֪飬Ϊѩ˵ķǳҲǡ֣񴺭ˣͲܷ
ᣬѯѩǷԸΪ檡
ѩͬˣص·֣񴺭Ǹܺõˣȵ֣ңӼһ޵ױڴ֣񴺭ܴ
Ȼº˽ͣиһֱڡ
ѩƲԭ䣬ݣûɣɷ˰ļޡ
Ҫ޸֣񴺭뾭ͬ⣬Ϊһֱʮ𾴡
ɼϲûиͬȵĶԴͬһ¡
֣񴺭룬˵ķ£ҲٿڣҲԸѩΪһڱŮӣΪ˫
ȻһС˵ȻҲ⣬Ůĸ鲻ܽڱһ˵ǰ¡
ѩ˳ȥ°ݷҲΪθ黭һš
κμϲϷŹѩݷʱ˰ɱҺԥӣˡ
ΪŮ޿֮ǰ֣һмҪԼ˴ڣѩ֮ʣԥԸԼԸѾߴߡ
ٴλصԥӣԥΪźĸ׼һ±ԥϳˣΪүŮع⡣
Ȼѩԭ򣬻ҲܸţүŮݣѾ󲿷Ůӡ
ԥҪΪһ£ѩҪϲ֣񴺭ûз£Ϊԥȥһ£ԼŮ˰ɱЩͽʹ״
֤ȷ֮£Ϻܿ챻Уϣɷͽһҧɱˣ֤ڣҲû֤֤ԼԥҧŲɿ£ʵ뻤Ҳû취ֻк롣
֮󣬼ϲԸؼңǰҪ˴˲
ǰֵĵ죬֣񴺭ѩϣɱˡ
ڱ߹صĴ󽫾Ůجģһζսб˿Ѫԭʤս˼Һüſʤ
ʣ༾˻鼾Ҳìͷ׼ԥͶԷĵס
˫ж֮ʱ֣񴺭ѩͣѩԥ¹Ů۰ǳ
ȻǰͷмǣעԥûעԺʧ𣬵Ȼعʱ֣񴺭Ѿõı֤ݡ
ӳȥġ
ɹԥĸ󻼣´ϲԭкܴƣǳ˻ʵ۵ۣӶʼУȴ̨ǻΪۡ
Ȼʱ֣񴺭ѩĻҲѺۣѩΪŮ۷Χڣ֣񴺭Ҳû˽һ
֣񴺭ȢԼΪҪõԥı֤ݣĲѣŶԶ磬һĬĬҽĴ
֣񴺭ںԼҲðˡ
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ӺãԳҲˡ
ΪѾǰ鴦ѩݣѩԼѣмƣڼϣϰ
κμϲ£ΪССô뽩֡
֣񴺭Ȼǳѹԭȡ֣Լʹ಻ѣĲܲ檡
ֻ£˭Ҳû뵽ѩǰ
˷ͷǼ˻Ϊ˼ʱϱˣҪԾ󻼣˳ˡ
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֣񴺭Ҳʧҫ۵ӳһĺԺˣ⳹ʧ
ǻʵۻţӶ͵͵š
ΪֻˣΪѩλӣԥͬ˽ϡ
ϱݣҲλá
֣񴺭˽ϱȳģǻ̵ļұһ⡣
Ϊ˱Ժ󼾼ҿԼֱУɱ˼ϣԥնݳļ
⣬ʧȥŮļŭͷȫûע⵽һ㲻ԣ϶ԥҲˡ
֣񴺭ѩڻ£ɹǱԥ鷿õԥı֤ݣӽȥΪһ͡
ʱ֣񴺭Ѿ˴֮ԭһɫѩֲܡ
ѩҳߣȻԼѲǵһĶͺã֡
Ϊְ׷ȥѩԭ¡
ǻΪ۵ûĴ֮Ϊѩסط֪֮ڴ
ΪǷ޵Ĵǿˣڸ̾˸ãô껹˶
µͽˡ
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֮ڲŽյ飬ΪԽУÿζоġ
Ҳǡʱµ壬ԭԹŨһξˣµ´Ҳ֡
кûжûʲôϵµ˴Ẓֻ́ûôϸǡ
ҪŰֻ֣񴺭ϵˣӡ
Ȼλ
Űɣض飡
ͣ£·Ž֣ңոջ֪һξӻЩ΢΢ܣ·һ㡣
ŵԺӭһΧƤΧŴɫŮˡ
ٷˣչµѣüͷţų⡣
Ȼþˡ
ĹϵԺѾ߸ѩүʹٷ˸ðɾΪֳ
ѩ·ûиоϵЦݲ֮ǰĹããո˸͵Ժ㲻ڣѾˣѩһ㣬㲻Ҫ
Ƥ΢̧·ۿһ۾;ҽ㣬һŮ磬õãûһյġ
ѩ˰ףȴͨ죬Ȼ֪Լᱻᣬ֣磬ҲٻصǸСׯֻҧȥ
ͬԷǴ󽫾Ůԭ䣬ԼԵ⡭
ٷˣ֪Ҽ޸֣磬ˣٷ˲Ҫټų⣬Ժǵһˣٷ˶֣ÿռΪѡ
Цˣô֪Ϊѣȫң
ѩҧ֣ȻһʼԸȢлԼģҲ֪Լɱ󣬶˵̬ǿӲ
֮ǰΪǰ˵ֹ
֣񴺭ңһȣֻٷ˵ǣֻǺԺìܣ׶֣粻ãҹһˣȲٷݸ߹Ҳֻһ֮ҡ˵䲻˵ģٷ˶ѵҪ֣󣿡
ţЦȴԽ䵭Ŷ˼Ը⵱ӵĹˣֻΪ֣񴺭ڽӴ
ѩʱ죬ԭ˳⻰̫ˣΪ֣ĺ룬ôͳɡˡ
úˣҧгݵٷ⻰̫ˣ֣Ĺ檣ŮҲģ
һ仰أʾʵλεƣԭơ
ԭᣬû뵽ϸŴչҲǰ΢/Цת䣺֪Ϊʲô˼𣿡
ѩЩŵĺһٷʲô˼
̧һƴȥһƣžһ죬ǰ۵ȵԴһƫ
ѩ϶ʱ/ۣ۾ˮһɲǼˮӿӻκģüϢŷӦԼˣ
ˣ
ŵĿȥƷζҪ˵۵öҳûܵһʱ俪ڡ
ͼ͵ڸߣΪңǰ̧ͷͦأҪţ檣ûʸƽȶԻξˣԺңߣǱǵýһĸŮ˵ɣ
лҪ˵֮ǰκָ㷴ˣڸˣ˰СʱŮʹʻ˻滭appôáͦĵģ


17  17 
һ̱ˣҲϲùŴҪˣϲܴƹŴŮӡ
ѩϸ檣Ҫԭ˳⡣
ϱԭǰԹŨأһֱûжֻźֶζԸ˾͹ˣ뵱檾˭˵ⷬ
ҪԭԼѶѹĻѪ
ôǵô򣬴˹ƾͲǰˡ
ҲЩۣ໥ˬˣ˻ȥ·ϣǸ߸˵ġ
¸ӿģ޲ñQƽصضʧˣҴСƢԷ·ֻˡ
˹»صԺǺܵģҪǴү֪ô찡
ʮֹ裬ֲܰô
СĵĹ۲ɫһνӣ˿
ʱһԺĴѾ߽ѩ֮ǰĶùͬʱóһٷˣүͷ͹š
ļһֽӹ
ֽǴдż֣
ﻹûԭĸϵֻͨǣзִ磬õġ
嵽Ǽ۰Ůķģʱ̹עžϢⲻ֣񴺭檵Ϣ֣ǵžˡ
ÿܲµ˵ʲô
ȴ򿪣ŷüֽдĻȴĻҪࡣ
ôһĺ˵ˮŮ죬ǼĸҪһ㣬ݵϺжǺܶģαصһϣ
˵ĿʵһȰ롣
ҪǱ߹ػڴ̣Ƕܻؼҡ
ԸĸĹذ͸ִݳҲֻܸܵϧԭѾˡ
óֽʣԭıʼд˷ţð͸߾߹شţվĿ΢һЩЩҪٹȥվ
Ҳû˵ʲôֻ߼ǣ϶ǻģԭĥ˭ɱԭھ֣֤ʵĲ²⣬ͲĥˣҲڡ
ֻѩôӦǿɲС
ҲӦȥ
ΣⱭҾĲ裬һҪȵģˣĺ롣
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ֱѾΧѯƣŶȻ񣬡ۡһ޳۰
ô֣
檣ڻǰ
ѩ߿ޱܣһ·֣񴺭鷿⡣
鷿ǲŮȥֻţǳҭҭһûС
֣񴺭ԭר˶һīˮ£žһ£ƻһС
ɫһüô£
Ҵ֣񴺭С˵չޣǡǱ۸ˣ˵Ҫӡ
ѩ
֣񴺭Щ꣬ݣԥŮΪӽ񣬹ӣȻǰһԼ侲±ʣȥ
ǡС˴š
֣񴺭Ÿ߳ȥѩ㶥һŴŰӡ۾ģˮſ⡣
ͷ΢ʵôˣ
ѩίˣ֣磬ˣȥԼԺʱˣ˵仰˵Ҳý㣬һơ
˵ĺûнԼ˵Ļ
⻰ݾ֪Ǽǿƣ֣񴺭ң˳۴һ¡
ԹϲŮΪԴףֲϲԺŮ˶һǿƣ֣񴺭϶᲻ˡ
Ȼ˵֣꣬񴺭ɫͳ
ѩϣĿڴܰԼֻȴ֣񴺭õΪȥ
֣磿ѩɵˡ
ôĴˣ
Сֻ㡢ԣǸٷһ֮ǰͦõġ
֣񴺭̾Ϣ͵֮ǰͦõΪûϵ㼴Ϊҵңܸˣ
ѩˣԹ檱£Ϊٷͬˣǽˡ
Ҽҽ̲һǵŮӾ˹һ򡣡֣񴺭˵ҽҲΪգǰûʲô񸹱ܴ죬ЩܣӶ˲ˣҪ˲ֻ˵
ӦɶɫΪΥŵӶҶûɫ˵ˡ
ѩ
գɬԼǹȡġ
ˣ˲ΪĴҹǴС÷
ǴڼСǣԼ֣񴺭УǷ޹ϵ֮ǰǳǢ
øˣʵܡ
ĵ֣ᷴ񴺭ϧϰӡĵط۲ۣ
ۣѩͷӲš
֣񴺭תͷԸСȥøҩҩЩϸ£Ϳˡ
ѩԵκģļˡ
Ȼ˵˵µǩ飬Ҫȥǩ˳ס죬ٻԺӦѾʰˣֱסȥ
ѩʱһͷֱ͸֣硭
û뵽ԼǰλȻôͣ
֣񴺭رĿ⣬ȻѩϣίȫǼ޸Լʱǰ㽾Ůˣ񲻵òΪļ֣һ˺
죬֣񴺭ĺᱬ
Ҫȵһг˶֣Լʱ˵¡
ѩĳˣĵĪðһ˿ɣԼô檣Ϊ֣񴺭һǶԻǴ
ıȵù
ܿӡ
һԵģ֣񴺭϶ҲҪһԼѪĺӣʱһеĸңʧ
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ѩ޿䱻һ·¡
ڰɽ޷ȥͣɽ£Ȼͽȥ
ѩ뵱һΪ˲ҩ׬ǮֵطȥȻҲɽ¾֣񴺭
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أҲԸģټۣʵ꣬һʯͷй
˭֪һС˸ʯӻһ£һᣬۿžҪɽˤȥ
չѾŵˣһ
һһ¹ӿ첽һѩ뻳С
δı۾Ϊˤûϣ˭֪ȻˣЩµһֻۣͼһʹӺЦԼ
ѩѸٻ񣬿ΧѾȫˣƿ¹ӣѾ߸Ͻϥ񣺡лȡ
л֮͡İ֣Цδʣ㣬ոɽͦȵģһ·û£ôҪϢˣôСģ
ѩεߺͷʯӷйСĲȻˣ빫Ī֡
һֱȻԭֻǹ٩һ䣬Ǽԣû뵽ʵϣΪĿ࿴üͷ΢ǾŮӶô𣿡
ѩЩ޴һСֲǾŮӡ
ţ㲻ǣòظĻ仹ʶǱһЩ
ѩѸٺһ㣬Ӧӿ̫ͷнлȣʱˣȥˡ
Ȥ˵λʵҲǾˣһ£һ˵ͦĵģ͹Уʣ·Ҳ˵˵
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ѩ䣬ȥ
ɽ;˻ûܶ䣬Ϊĺۣ
ڸոѾãһҧƣһ·ת۷¾ǰˡ
ߴĹ·ֱĴڣλÿУʮ㣬ơ
ѩһοΡĽˡ
ҲһμôáƯŮӣͬˣ˫˫񣬽㹰ѯʣҲԵ֣ʹ½
ѩԭ˵֮ã£һ˵ԷսܵĻˣСŮգѩ
ǻϣֲǾʿһ±ǵʮٳطǰٵ¡
ĳүĶӣ
ѩû뵽ԼͻȻúãǣߣһүӡ
֣ƺΪ;£Ҫ˰æ˵˵ûضܶɹѹ֡
һ룬ЦԽ
ǽĻЦȻסЩԸŵһΣո˵ʲôû塣
ѩƵĿһۣ˵һ飺СŮգѩ
ѩ
Ȼɣ
ǰ֪޹Ůɫ𽥸ӡ
ʱһֱûȻǰߵһ䣺ӣ˵Ҫҵɱ֮
һۣʱˣ
䴽һЦ֮ǰ룬֮ǰ˵º飬·ˣǰû뵽ĸעˣֻҵŮɿŲᣬҲ޷ĸ˵ֱӶ֡
ͷ̾ϢòչºȻҪ£ʹ˱ˡ
˵תߣ·ʲô׷һ㡣
ѩ
뷨ͱͻı仯Ŀڣȥˡ
лҪ˵ˣ


18  18 
һ˯Ͳ𴲣ҹ͵͵˻䡣
ڳʱ¾˳ܹ˵ٷˣչ˵ȥסһˣʱˡ
£
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͵Цֻ˵ٷ˴ˣȥү鷿ǿˣܴү첻û״Ȱʵʵţ˵չҪǴþãߵʱϻװ񡣡
ھ˵ʦر飬⼸ʢĵط
ܶͶȥǩݷ
ҲԱ߻пջһЩϲˣסǣͷµķɽǼ۸Щ
ͷ⣬·ֻһİ˵һ㣺֪ˣ¾Ͳùܡ
ûܿӿЩʧ䣬ûм˵
Űӣһһ£üͷ
ͦɵģʮٳ¶ʮģʱ䣬ԥʱҲھǸˣԥӵǰι۵ġ
û뵽Լԭͬˣû뵽ѩȥط
ǲҲôԥӣٱ
ܿüͷչ
Ϊ˲ѩү֮Ůݱǰ¶ڹĵһʱð͵͵Ÿԥ
иڻԥʵҪô˻ȻǽԥһӶ
ҲУʵǱԥһϳѩˣǲԵԥ˼ҵĺ꾫ĺǵҲڶԺӷ˺һ棬ˡ
ԥֲɫĽѩߣҪû˭ֹ֪»ֵԥ֪׳ɹ
֪ȥ飬ѩ޹ӿ϶ȥ顣
ûӢ۾ûѩĻ䣬ͲԥӻȥԥҲǰ֪ˣһ»ô˳
Ϊ¶Ѿ˳ɣ񶼲ҪԼᶨ߶ľûжٷգ档
ſϷ뷨ðڷ¸ѩ
ҲǺļӣֻҪ֪ûкԥཻܾͺá
ϢȴʲôûУѩִַǱߣԥӵɽû˿ûʲô
ԥӲٹһΣǰ׵ľӦòᷢˡ
ЩССʧ
Ҫԥ檵ʱԼڴôõŮԸ޸Ϊ檣֪ʲô顣
ܿûˡ
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֣ҶΪɹһʱΪŮ˿ֱּǿ漣ر֪ĥʲô¡
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ȥôãͲЩ˵֣񴺭檵£Щ벻Ȱο
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ͮȰģȻСü꣬浽һȥĳЩȻͬģ
飬ĸǹϥ»и߻ӣΪǰ漸С볯Ҳ˼꣬һֱѹƣûйͻҲܲ
ͮԼ޸߻ӵϼףܾˣΪĽȢʱµŵԣ檣ҲϣպɷԸĳŵ
ȻĹ涨Ϊ°Եȴ޹˼ɣĳ
ͮĸûе˵Ļܾ޸߻ʱͬˣδ飬Ϊ˸Ůúɸѡһɿɷ
ĽͮͶ֣񴺭
Ϊ˳ߣ˵㣬˵һһ׮飬Ҿ˲ͬЩ޷Ůӣ඼ҲܣֲԼԼˣȺ֮ǰٱǲͬ
ִ𣬼ʹǱԹĻҲԵ˵÷꣬ûкӣΪηҪˣϲϲԼõҴȣĺԺҪ̵ȥĲʶļˣ
ͮͮͬ˺ѵةŮüѵ˵̫ñĵ˸ѹ
ͮˬĸ߸߾ͣûԼ˵Ļκλڸ֮⡣
ʧЦҡҡͷǲˣ˭˵Ҳģ
Ѳµȴδõʵ𸴵¾ϲЦ
ͮǼתͷ֣ڴĴ룿ʲôʱ򣿡
Ҳ˿ºͣոǶ˵ţŷͮͮ˵䣬⻰Ӧ¶ˣ
ʧ͵¶ˣֻǵ֣ӭȢʱűˡΧ۰գҸĸ˵棬ŵһ檣檣ĺ룬Ǳˣ
ͮͷԣͲܱ۸֮࣬ǰһԣҲ֪̫ˣŮӵ⹼ģ
ĵ׼ãҪǵʱִˣ֣ҲͬΣ
һЦƯշâ͹ԣҪ뿪ɲ֣Ҳֹͬģ
ֱۣͮþû¶ⷬɫˣ̲סСһĹơ
ۣЦˡ
лҪ˵ɾӽڣû䶯
л2021-04-18 17:21:50~2021-04-23 14:00:00ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лӪҺСʹˮ 100ƿس 21ƿոơ 20ƿ 15ƿľ 10ƿ촩Ա 5ƿҲ֪Ҳ 2ƿamberteohүɡ 1ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


19  19 
³ǸӣҲ֣Ҵү֮ա
Ϊǹ檣Ȼóףǻеġ
˵Ǹ֣񴺭˵棬ʵǸӦһͿʼ򣬸Ȣ޶ˡ
֣үзִ磬û֣ңֻѩҪסСԺˮɫĺֽһ¡
ٴɹٵ֣񴺭ȥףҲҪվſӭѡ
ʱģǸϵģһ˶Ըμһ檵ľϯ
糳ˣ˯ŸɴͲ˯ʰʰ
ǸԺʰŽԺȴʰ׼뿪
һͱ涯úϲЦտһһСѯС㣬Ҫˣ
׼𣿡
⺢ƺˣɼȲˣ뵱֣񴺭ͺãֻû¡
ҲͷСܼңС׼ˣ
ļСѾʰܴϵĶϣﲻһС˽Ʒ
뿪һߣڽϵѩŵı̧ţһСԺӣ֣ҡ
ýų߲ţ
ѩߴӵɫͣо̧Լ˽ӵתһߵһ߲ôõӣȻ򿪲ţС߽ȥ
źСΪ˷й걻ϱѹƲܸ檵ı⽫ӶıȽϴ
͵½ڱ̧ȥʱֱСϹвһ¡
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ҵ𣿿ĴŲֻܽܽСĵط
ѩһȥЦݡ
ûµģʯΣ
Լ֪û⣬ֻҪžͻУ㼾ҷѣΪĸΣ
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20  20 
ѰźõĴ׳Ѹٽ, һһߴ֣񴺭Ҫӹﵹǹٷ˵ˣ
һЦһ֣񴺭ѣѸٷ, һת
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֮ǰͦģţȻʣ檣ϵʱв˵ģ
һ£룬Ȼ󻺻ҡͷûС
˵ֿ϶ƵĵͷɫŹ֣˵ˣһ㶼ʱһѾǰˡ
һʼʹ룬˵ٶ֣࣬񴺭ô檣޶ԡ
֣񴺭⻹ʲô׵ģǼһʼʱ˺˼ƫƫһû
žһȭϣЩķҵ˵˵ϾԲĺ˵ϿŸӲʵڿɺãˣ
ϻӣôһҹϵĶҵһҲӡ
ϰɷϲŭ޳Ϊɷһ˹¾սʮֵĵҲ°ɣ
ɷ֣񴺭檵֪ȻżҰԵŮ檣֣񴺭ͼܺãҲ⣬ѩ֣񴺭ľˣʧڣѲþⱲӶˣ
ȫûŮ˻Ϊ򵥵ԭ򣬱ѡ롣
ƫƫ鷢ˣһʱ䵣ļҪ֪¸йأպ֮ϣ¶ˣ
Ĭãҡͷᡣ
֣񴺭ҪֻԼ԰æԼ
Ҳ֪Լڱ֣ǶԸֻ֣ҡ
ֻҪƻɹ˸ʵδʵۣ㼾ٴ󣬻Ȩ֮£Ҳֻܶߵ֮
Ȼþʹ˷£Ĳ߻ĸŮϣ֣񴺭õԥı֤ݣԼһ˵ġ
Ϊܾñ쬵ģ


21  21 
֣
Ժ
ڴ, ű۵Ķӣһ߰һϸɱǧģûİҶϲȻԼҸ۸Ҷ޷ˣ
ȻҺ룿˭ĵӣױ, ͷȥҪ
Ӵ, Ҷ
һѵǳĴ, ̶ִϴʱĻɫĸо
Ժﰾҩļϱ͵͵һۣȫƲ, ȴֲ˵ʲô, ֻĬĬһ㡣
е֣үüͷ壬ȴ˿δ
ȥҽа
ҡ
һƷԱϵõ˶ʱ, ĸҰ
ҪǸϱͶһһȭֱͣӹˡ
ֻ⼾ң
֣ү˴ؿ, ۡ
ƫʱܼҼҴҽ, ˵ô£ɫҴң
ܼҼæү, ү͹ȥļױ̧ſˡ
ʲô֣үؿһ, ɫһǺ죬Ǳס, ŵùܼ, ϽһȥҴ, һǰű
֣үֻһû˳˳ָֻֻɫȴѿһǰŵ쳣ⶼʲô°
ܼ̾Ϣȴ˵ʲô
˭ôүͷ֪ʲôӣƫҪȥսһأ
ڿɺˡ
˵ĺ룬һ涼ױˣתͷͻ񣬿ӣȲ֣һޣ
˵ҲˣϿһ٣һϱ
ϱϽ֣ͷȥ
Թ޵ĵһۣ·𽫶Լĺⷢй⼸ϱϣһ죺ţ
ǡϱȥ·Ժﰾҩļˣֿ˳۵˵䣬ֵͷȥ
ҪЩǲǶˣ
ȵ⣬ȴֻɫӣɫһ壬̫ˣױ˲˵ֻһС룬⻹û
Ͳ˻δ뿪ǵ֣˹ֱ󸮵Ĳ񶼱ҼҴС֣ˣ֣֮ҪһȥʣµЩǵҼСʱЩ͵Ķ
ŭһֱͣתǲ˵ġ
˴ӻͳһϽűߣЩ꣬ʲô嵥֣ˣҼҴү˵ˣչٸǲȥ롣
ȫ˵꣬ת뿪
ڲŽ͹Ϊ˽嵥һסϵ졣
ҺõרŹСļױ̰ĳ̶ȣкһٳƤ
ϱϱţͷͿűߵĵӣҶһˣÿ֪϶ǷǳϸģʱԼոǶûһΧֵ˲٣ɫһǳɫ߷ѿ
ɼʹˣϻǲ䣬ǿһȥȥҶΪԺ϶ҵõģŰ軹ƶʣ޽Ŷ겻Ϊ֣ҿ֦ɢҶպûҪ
øǲִ򣡡˻ûԶֱӺͷҪ֡
ŵûһҲҪϱţҲܣɿܣŹţ
ſΧȺڶʱЦһţһĻ£ȥͼѷˡ
*
֣ЦһƬȫ̸¡
˶˵֣Ҵү֣񴺭ã檣Ҳʮǰһġ
˵ŮӺ룬ͲãԺҪҪˣ
Ȼ񶼴ˡ
˭û뵽ǰǽˣȴɷ檵죬ҾĲ裬ѩˣŷˣֱ뿪
ԸߵŮֽкãظȴҡͷֱŮӲΪޡ
ⶼֵסҶԼҼҷĸ̾ԼӮǮĻϲȸԾ
ͬĵȴͮ˴Ϣ󣬴ϣЦö㾪˸ĸ
Ѿߵ£첻̫һһʵģһЦˣߵѾ˵ҿ̫ˣ
ԭĵһ죬ҶˣΪǹ˵ˣ
ϣպҲһҪ˹ϣұݣճղҪЩ˵ģɷ檣ӱôȽܣΪԺǻøö
ѾҲЦŸͣС˵öԣ͸ˣ
ֹˣͮ͵ֽʹҪӣɹȻģҲҪúףһ£㡭
ǡѾ߸߸˵ȥ߳ſڣȻһ顪һѤɫ
˶٣ûֱȥǶݵ˼һ£ѸܻС㣡Ǳ߷̻ˣ
ףͮȥȻҵķһشֱ̻գɫҹˣʮɫģʮƯ
һƴЦ治ǼңЩ˲
ͬһƬ£ӽҲͷճյĿһ̻ߵЦŨ
*
֣񴺭һ̻顪ѣһͿ߿Ŵ۵Ůӡ
һԼĻҵԼŵĺ飬ͷʱµûţҪת
ȻŶһ£ȴʹֲϺɫ֣񴺭۵һ
⶯ѩæۣϲ֣磬ˡ
֣񴺭̣Ԫ̫أʹӦš
ѩΪ˳ַ
֣񴺭ʶܿ˵գ֫û£ֱԼˣѩջ֣ЦЦ֣磬ó͵ԵĹ
á֣񴺭ҡͷڲûθڡ
̻죬͸ڴһյʰѸʧɻĿۣȴΪǶȣû̻һ䣺ļڷ̻
̻Ƿڡ߹д٣뵱绹Щӣʲô˾Ȼʱ̻
ѩЦ΢ҡͷ֪
֣񴺭Ҳ֣ѩãǱԼģ˵ģһʼ͸Ǳ߽ٺãҲͲô¡
뵽뵽֮ǰģ
Ȼ֣񴺭˼һ٣͵ؿ⣬ʲôѸƿ´һȥֽ̻ڿը˲Ϩ
̻ķ򡢾롭
Ǽң
²У֣񴺭ĵĺǻһ/۵·Լ౻˺һܣΪܣҺˣֽ߬ؿڵ·ţȱˮ
ѩţɬ޷ڣûۿԼһ¡
ɼʹˣǵһʱǰ֣񴺭ʮֵĵѯʣ֣磬ôˣ
֣񴺭Խܣۿͨ죬ҪԼҲʧȥ
뱻ţƾţһַŴ߿̻ţҲһԽԽۣһ͸¶żֱ
ıˡ
÷С޲£Ӱʶʮʱ䣬һֱΪǻ鵽ϣŨʱ޶ŮҲһֱȥ
ķֿˣܸˡ
ĲˣҲ̻ܡ
뿪Լܿġ
֣񴺭ͷʹʮֱƣͲס˴ؿڣǻ΢˳һЩֻûһͷһһѪӿۣ
ʱԺֵ︡ջʱ˵Ҫ檣ѪǲҲܣ
ΪεʱҪ֣콫ѩˣҲᷢأ
֣磡ѩУǰϵ۵£۾ضŴڷŵ̻
үźҲˣһȥҴȥԺ㱨һš
ѩѾһ˷شϣѾæǰæɾϵѪգ·ٴ
Ϣһ״̬;š֣ܻһͨôźģүôѪˣ
Ǹɱǧģͺ룬ҶˣⱲӲú
ѩȻоһƣ˸ţǰæµˣЦһ
»֮ҹ
һ㶼ã裡
ֻǺѾûˣΪһ˵ңҾˣʹų⣬Ҳֻš
ⶼԼѡ
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ѩ˴ϣò˯һˣһʱȥ֣񴺭
һ㣬ڴϣĿֱⷢ
ͬ죬֣񴺭ɫ֮ǰ԰࣬/Щѣ°ʹԣ۽ǻա
˯ǰ˱ڻˣΪĥԼ
ź֣񴺭Ѿ߿ѩС˵үóʳ
ѩЩĶ£ĵͷڴر㣬ͼȥ֡
һ㶯ûеȴʱֱӽŲû
ѩۿҲɬˣգ۵Ĺһˮ⣬ӣ֪Ҳü޹Բ𣬵㲻ҪòãҺܡ
֣񴺭һӲˣֻǹȥԼһأѩĿߣӲ˲ҪȥֿסΣ/΢Ҳԡ
ѩĬã·˺ܴľģ˵֣磬֪᲻ü㣬ȥҹ󼾽Ƿô꣬ȻֻһʱһһֱͬΪֹ
˵
ֻǶûѸ٣֣񴺭Ӧеĺվס
ѩһۻͷ
֣񴺭۾ȴ΢΢㲻Ҫȥȥ
ˡ
ôû뵽㰢ˣҲԽͬΪȢʱڼſڹãǸʱļַܵ۸ҲԼãġ
ȥ¶ѵʱ䣬϶ǻģ
ѩ֣񴺭Цŵͷ֣ȥ϶üڻҪǰ
˵öԡ֣񴺭üһ㣬˵ͷǸ壬Ȼ壬»ûȰ͵ˡ
ҪС˴Ҵҹſͣ£ˣүү˺ʹүȥţ
֣񴺭ϣʱɼ꣬ɫҰˣֺ޵˵ʲô˵һ飡
Сӵ˵һոյĻСĿʱүͷѾȥˡ
Ѿȥˣ
Ǻ벻һģ
֣񴺭ǰһڣͲ׳壬ϼˣֱӲڴϣһ󾪺
ѩûҲ𺳡
Ȼ˵ͺ룬뿪ױߣͻվֱȥٸ
𺳹ѩȴûжٿġ
ֵԽǾ֣񴺭ĺۼԽٻ֮ǰ޺ӣԽںɱһУǳ˱߼ס
*
Ժůˣű߻иů¯һѾ߸ȣһѾ߸ӳԣˡ
֣һϷ̻ԴһԼԽĶɹõԪıͼĽҲõ˻ʹ³
ѽ̱ڼĶȥ
ʱˣһ󼱴ٵĽŲ֡
ۣͼԪڵϹŲõЦݣ㶨ˣӴԺ֣ģ޸ϵ
չһЦл磡
࣬ü۴ЦûаԪеĺ֤װˣǰõԴ˵Ҳھôȥʹձ뿪Ҫһߣ
߹Ȼ̣Ҳôãмڣûޱȡ
ҾȻҹŮĵλȽϸߣܹ֮Щá
˵Ƽҡ
뿪ĻҲԶǷǷǡ
ʮǰĹùñǺ͸ĸȥ˱߹أŻһΡ
ЦҡͷҪȥʱȥ
Ȼˣ»δ˽ᣬɲߡ
Ԫ˵Ŀ϶֪ѾãҲǿͷУţȥʰʰʥ
áɵĵͷӹ֤
һ֤дĺ鲻һ
Ǿٸ˶۵¡ȷϣ֣ҳ֣񴺭飬ʽ롭
õĵˣ
ⱡһֽֿļĿ֣֮ܵЩɬȻ
ԭĸˣ׻Щ᲻á
飬˿ǣŮȴ᲻뿪Ǿ͵ᣡ
ǵоʧ/Ҳ
Դõ֤ŻˣܣЦͷҲһɣϲС㡣
ЦԣǸùϲˣСϲ˶һǮɣ
ΧźѾ߶ʱϲȸԾлС㣡ϲС㣡
ոջԵþ׵Ļһӱ֣ȥܼ˵ʱȫʼףˡ
һӰ׵һǮõ°
Ѿ߱ڴʱģ˵ģвסĸ̾ԼС˵Сһûġ
Ų֮ǰ죬˺ϣС㣬ҼСİ
ӹͮԼ˵ȥлۣһͬԼ˻С㡢С㣬ԼŤŤ˵ڼС㣬Ͳһˡ
ˣЦеҴ·ϴһֻ¹ûԣСλСһҼңҳһ⡣
ѾҲͷǣūͻȥС˵
ˣҲϢˣǻЩ۵ļ⣬ֱӻطóֽʣҪĶŪ
ҪŪտúףһ
ͻľøæңտʲô
ǻûԹ
Ҫʲôǩտܣ̼¯
ڶʱ磬ڲ磬кܶʱ׼
Ȼ˵ҪŪóԵģȻҪ¶һˣ֮ǰľ飬պܲǿ⣬Իѿʮֵλ
ΪҴС㣬ҪԿ⣬ҲʲôԶ֣ԸȥĳӾæµҪĸദãҪгһСһСƺá
ŵ֦ľǩӣæȻ졣
*
Լܴģպ룬Ҷ״̬ĺܡ
ˣһЩСʾҪ߲ܣȵݹ˾½½ˣҲ
ͮġ
ԭ¼ĿװģˣͿһ£һȺѾźŮӡ
һɫխ䳣ǺɫԺݵ֫¶ˣͬʱںڵĳ߸˫/Ƚһ𣬽Ǹɫѥӣװ𶼲
գ·ʱ˯ţɫһƫţԱһѾȻѾ߰Ħ̬ҪŮˣǶ/ү
ͮδŮӣҲδģֱۣ΢ţðβ૵㣿
ŻոæˣϢͮͮˣ
ѾȥӣͮɫŹֵ£պð̲סͷ㣬ôô
Ӧһţ
Ͷûſǻƽʱ˵ͳһ㣬Խ/ˡ
ͮǾ¶˵գ˺죬Соǻķ/ӡ
Цˣ𣿡
ͮҡҡͷҲǲãֻܾòԣѲǺ뵽׻ǶЩӰ죿
͵͵ţַ˲²⡣
㿴̫ˣһ㶼ʧ֮ˣ
˿ˣҲû֮ǰһǰ뿿ҡϣŹǷʱ仹磬ʲô
̬ͮȣ˼˵Ͷ
̫ˣû˼ܾ
ͮСѲʫԣҲҪ
ЦĵԴ˵ɡ
ͮɡ
黭һϲ
գۣ壬Χ塣
ͮ΢ӦþͲѣԣ
ܿѾ̺ӣ߼Ӯǳ򵥽ֿ죬˶ս䣬ͮҵȤһδ档
ûһµҲˣͮ𾢶չһۣλةҵСҲȤߣӣҲҪ棡
˳ÿɣ˶ˣտҲԿʼˡ
һԸ˽׼õ⴮̼¯
ƺõһıڱСľϣ⡢⡢¹ȷűŷźãզһġ
ͮտһ֣ע⵽ĵɴ۾Լɣ
ǰЦ˵ȻҲ˿ҾԼȤһ㡣
ͮҪ˵˿ͼ̧̼¯ΪʱȽϼ̼¯רտģҲ࣬ſ⡣
⴮ֱӷһ棬ˢͣȺ̼¯ͷŵһӽƺõ⿾ɫˣ죬һ棬һЩϣһɴЩζɢ
ͮ˵ˣû˼壬һŲӿ͵͵ſеζ
ˣȥ԰ɣ塣
úáͷȾܹ˳㣬ҿ
Ȼſ¯أеúС̼¯ת˼£͸ˡȵݹȥһ⴮ȳζô
ĴСƽʱԵĶȽ嵭ҲûмӺܶϣƹټһȻۺԼʱζ㹻ˡ
ͮСľһ£ȻҲԿ⣬ɻδֱӳľϵģһеôСһһֱӿ
ݹģȻòϰߣ̽ҧ˵ĵطһڡ
Ⲣδ̫ãȴƹʮζȺҧһ֭ˮŷͮʮ־ϲúóѽ
ԹĿҪۺܶ࣬Ҳͨĳζã
Цȳԣ˳㿴Ż𣬹һ͵÷ѽ˵õ⴮ºļŮջһó԰
һ¯ǾΧһȦˣ嶼û˹ˡ
ֻһţ˳ӭһº浽ĿˣСˣþء
ӽȴһ£񲻴ɫ߻һգŵķЦŵһˡ
ոպãǱڳԿ⣬壬㿴ϲıߣ
ӽϲ壬ֱ˵ȥġ
ͷ´ȥΪŮӡ
˲Ȧӵģƽʱۻᾭ治һȥģԷӣɴһ
ŷ˺˲Щ죬ʱ۾ˣ·ǳżҪ˵ʲô
ǰӭӣδ߽ŷѾһۣɫ͸¶żֹŹֺС㣬ոʱƼſڹŸأ㲻ȥ𣿡
˽Ļ˼ۣڴɫܲãǴδҡҡ׹СҪȥ
գۣһƽмżɻ󣺡Ҽţ֣λΪβһ㣿ͭ𣿡
ŷˣ
ûװģȻֱӰǰؤ


22  22 
֣񴺭ڼǰ
һȺָָ
Ϊ֣Ҵү, ԴӸ볯Ϊ٣һ·˳õϷʶԼҲ㹻㣬СС;Ͳμӿƿ, ʮ꿼̽, ӭȢ󽫾Ů, һ·ʱﻹδܹۣ֮һ·̹
֮, Ȼûٺɫ, 㵱ЦţתͷͿԷЦһɵӣΪһ檣, ǼŮɵɵ
ֻߣֱӵ˵֣, ԰־
֣񴺭п˵ҧ, ·Щͱˣ/ڡ
ߡ
Ѿ̫, Ҫ, ͱ֡
ڰǰ𻵲٣Żָ, ʵʻþϸ, , شѾʮò˶ãܾͻε
ٺģܹ鲻ῴ
ֻҪˡ
뵽⣬֣񴺭˶첲ȣӲĴʯѵϥۣҲƽܶ࣬һˮ
΢΢ϢſڣͷСͨһɺã
Ѿһʱ䣬ʱŷæͨŷȥ˲һֱֳ֮Į
ŷһۣĮӡ
֣񴺭ʧֹģȻǼ㰢˾֪ԼҲĲŲʡ
ʱһڼſͣ¡
򿪣ӽѾ߽͵ŷոջվñֱŷӭӣС롣
ӽ΢΢ף̨ȥʱ򣬽Ų˶٣۹ǵˡ
֣񴺭ҲƫͷۣĿͶԷϣϻ/ġ
һ·ʶ˳ˣû뵽¶ĹȻҹŮ
Ÿպһ죬Ҿ˰ݷã
ιΣ֣񴺭Ѿ˺һֲסˣĵҲЩģǷҲ͵͵ã֪ͨǿ߷ߣֵС㣬ܷ֣ĳͨһ
ӽ̨ףԽŲ˶٣ӸµĴ
лС㡣֣񴺭ٴι֣ϡ
ͨ죬Ϊںʱӡ
ӽ̨ף߽˵ںС㣿
С֣֣񴺭ǼֵͷȻ֣ĳ飬Ӹң֣ͣͣĳֻˣСæȻ֪š
ӽǰȣʱ֣񴺭û˵緢˿ҲҺ˹ϵĺɡ
ȥ֪ͨ
Цˣº񣬿ȴһ̣ôںΪĸ۸ꣿںΪβһʼͽλ˰׵ٶԻ֣񴺭ǲǵɵӣˣΪÿȥ
֣񴺭ˣӽһ޵ݣ㵵ȴǰŮӣƮƮģսϺЦ⣬·Ѽĺѡ
⣡
һʱסûлش
̵ȴѾվֱ壬ЦŶͷ̨ף˼ȫûбֳ˿ס
֣񴺭ƺصʣΪոյһǻþ
ǾŮľڼҴС㣿
֣񴺭֪߷֮ɫգöҪѪˣЩȥ÷
*
СԱ˸ȫҲˣּԼүҡҡ׹æǰţĵүҪǻȥɣ
֣񴺭ţִŮӵףⲻ֣Ҵ𣿡
תͷͼȴвֵķ˱ѾߴŹ˫棬ȷ˵ôˣ
˿϶ҼСİɣ
֣񴺭ǿ¶һĨЦݣ֣ĳ£ԭµġ
˶һۣڴЦЦ
⼾ֺݰѹܽɷѱŸ檣Ҳʮǰùһֱ֣ӵ룬ŵɷֻܹģǶʸһ
ҡͷ˵ǰȥС˵һҪ˵һ/ҹްնαֳ龰أ
һλ˸ŸͣҪȥͰС˵һˣȻ۵ġ
֣񴺭ˣֵлλˡ
ллŷ˰֣˾ͽȥϵЦڽ뼾֮ʱ㳹йӴ~Цˡ
ҲѹЦû뵽ôһ죬ؼңǶˣ
ŷˣɲǣ
һЦó졣
뵱ⰡӰĽ׵żҪ̤ˣһĽĿ޸̽ɡ
أ
ǻؼҡ
һֱѹţܿЦˣɲˡ
ֻڴ߽ˣȴַֹ⼾ôһ㶼ͷ
Żͦģ
֣ԽȲոſڿ¸˵ˣڴķӦ
˭ֱ֪װɵҼţҪ֣λΪβһ㣿ͭ𣿡
šλ˱⻰ģ˺һͬʱ۲ɫȷİ㲻ںЩζ
ʧܵʧ䣬˹úܺõ⣬һ˿˿ʣòضǼҸĵ
ŷ̽СĲ˭
ҡͷһؤͭ˱ǣα֪˭
ŷ࣬˵˹ԶԣҪ뿪
Եȴûüͷζ˵С㣬˲飬۱飬Ҽĵһˡ
ЦΪα飿
˼Цţı۸ô겻˵Ǹˣŵֱ׳
֪ܲǰ򣿿ֻһؤ֪Ѫţںģ㲻Ųʣ޸Ҳʱȥһ˱֣ѵ飿
̯֣˵鲻ҼҼҹ棬Ҫ檣Ϊ˲ϱ͵;飬ȥίԼһǱɣҲ⡣
㣡ʾǽȥзƽΪ˲⣬ɷҪ檣˵ͺ룬ԼںɷСȥ
ûסͷıƣֱǰסԷҧ㻹ǲŮˣԹǳ£ο޹ȥ޶ͷ㣬ɷ檱룬Ҫ㣬ȴһ涼Ը⣬δ̫ˣ
һֱܺ˵ȴڴʱ˦֡
ԭһԵŷ˾ˣϽȳ⣺ԣ
˱һ£λ˻Σʶߵˣͼ䣬Ӷʱһ亹ڱըոʲô
ôΪ۸Լ˵Щ
С㣡Щĺһ
ֻǸոջЦŵѾûЦ⣬Ҹ˾ͺã£ˣҲӭˣȥ
ûжĻֱӽ˸ϳȥһǰһ㣬顣
˶ʱҪ汻ϳȥǶȫǰˣɵüңΪ㣡
Ц㲻ңҼңʲôʲôһɨԱߵѾߣʲô
Ѿһ飬Ͻǰһһ߷ˣˣߡ
ȫ˵ķôͳȥ
ˣ˺üŷӦ߷ͷҵţ
Цվǣѽҵš
ˣ
-
ڴŵ֣񴺭űˣԼĮĶ˾ߵѾߣȵͷͬһˮġ
ոջŴ˵ڶûˡ
Ŀһ£屾ܲˣʱѩϼ˪һȥ
үС˾һϽ𣬽ҽݳȥ
*
۲ȥϲ˺˶ơ
ҪϷҲ˵һЩϲĻ
ȳԱ㣬Ϣˣһ˸Իȥ뿪ŵſڡ
ʱ֣񴺭Ѿˡ
ȿ˶ˣŹ㣬֮ǰˣͨģ֣ûˣԺǲ˵ˣ´ξˣҲùܡ
ͷ˵֣񴺭Ҳûʲô
ˣȽģ챻Ҹϳȥ˭ҵģʲôɣ
/ҪҸ㶥ţ
ˣЦԴԡ
/ͦԽˡ
ҵĺһеҲܲµԭǵõˣʲôϳȥҲҲӰ켾ңתͷԺ
֮ڼﰲݵĴһӡ
Ԫʥ󣬼Ҷûֱˣ̻һȻˣû巣ֻǿ˼ٺ»˼䣬»Сˡ
߹ս»δܻѾǻʵۿԲܹͣ㶨õ£Ҫȥ̡
ڼʵʵ飬żһ˻ܡ
ҲȰȥ棬αعڼ
һñΪΪǾͿˡ
һҪԽԽã
ܾˣΪֻжʮǵʵ۵ʮ١
һӵˣڹŴѾܳˣʵΣְҵ
ʮʢ񲿾Ϳʼ׼ϾҪٰ죬һЩӵзصүҲĵˮմʪһѻ׹ݵʱ
ʵҪ֮ǰ㶨ĸ󻼣ӵʵȨүȴ뱻ΪʥּѲµʵ۵뷨Ϊ˻Ĵ߶̽̽ڷ硣
ƻѩϳһӵԸȲھ˫ϵʱ
ѩλϵǰޣͲҪȥˡ
ڼ䣬֣񴺭һʼÿۿɼԽԽݣ˲˵ͬ顣
Ψûİ㶯ݣӲ֣·һ㲻֪ſڵ¡
򶯲һжǰ׷ѡ
֣֮񴺭Ļ䣬Ҳܲˣûˣſڳװ
ȻҰڳԹȺȴûʧ̸Բ䡣
缾ҹȻʮһյĹٲаǣ
⼾Ů᲻ټˣ
֣һ᲻ᲽһȢ˼Ů檵Ǽ˺󳾰ɣ
˵⣬һЩСĶ˶Ҹ֣κǣ±ˣû˳ųĴϱڼȥһЩٰ̫̫ҫӣҲȥˣڴԼҶӸϽӣԼúһ
ƫƫ檣ûԲϼּƵ֣񴺭ʼӱܡ
ʱյһš
дŵӣ˵Ȼǹѩġ
ϣ˫ѹ£֣񴺭ȥѩԺԲˡ
ϲٴðͷ˾ĵ˵꣬ԼϴĶھҪˡ
㶯ָϲֵ˭һ죿Ҳ˳ɹ͸һЩ˴ˡ
µѾߣ޲ܳȥϴһܡ
Ƥû̧һ£ʲôȺ˵
û뵽˵Ȼֻ̾Ϣһ
һۣ˼˵죬иġ
˭֪¸շڶͮͼţ˵㣬ˣǶԲҪĹʱԥյıϳԥʧŮ״ȥˣ
Щȣû뵽Ƕô죡
üͷǳôүŮأ㣬ԥع᲻㲻
˼𣿣ͮԷ߷ߵ˶øˣҪ۸㣿Ҳ֪үʲô۹⣬ϸŸ˵檵Ůˣһݣ涪棡
ίǼõģǼ㲻Ҫġ
ͮһ
£˵öԣ
ۣ˵ֱֵһСЦˡ
˾תͷŭ㻹Цó󽫾ڸԥҪʲôǿԵġ
ҴˡǸŬסûɹ£ѹЦ⣬˵õģֲţԥԸҲûá
ﻹǳü
ۿҪ檵ɷˬǴδģҪ۸˶Щɥ
ˣøط٣ֻǱˣ
ͮһͷˮʲô
Ϊة֮ŮĿȾ֪һЩ΢Ӧ˼ֻڴ֮ǰһ͵͵ʲôأ
ʵҪΪԱԥ϶βͣ¶㣬ǻֶΣƾݣҪ۸һûйְС̫ˡ
ʼ磺ֲɵ۸
㻹ǽΪá̾ϢԥҪĲҪȷʵ֡
ͮ󿴿ҿãȻ˵ʲôô۸㣿
Դ϶۸˼㣡
*
һ³ֺ󣬾ڵʵ֮ǰһ
˭Ҳû뵽ᷢϷ绯ķת
ǰڳЦ֣Ҽ֥鶪ϣһĽѣԭ֮ˣȥ
үϹϵ
֣񴺭Ȼ˼ŮΪңɲңԿԷģֻҪүŮļޣԥĳ
Ȼ˴඼Ƥǳģ΢ƵĶûвκ͡
Щ׸ƣںѩǷ񵱹ң΢ҪԥϵŮ˻档
ԥҪŮַ峤ϴʾܾ
һԭ浣ĻҳѩѪ˶˿
˵ȥ·ϣԥɫú̿ˡ
֮ƺҲһ֪ʲôڶѩŶԣѾĽѩ»ص֣ң̶ʱ־ٰһλ񣬽ݴұΪҡ
㲻Ŵ͹ϢԴ˰㲻⡣
ֻǷΣ
ֵô󣬾ûĳ
ˣ
Ц֮󣬲⣬żѾɹͰ˻ˣ͸¶͸¶ȥ֣񴺭£ΪӣֻҪҰĵĻӣ᲻֪ô
鱩¶ǻʵ¡
Ϊ󣬽һԽżٳŸүһӣǻطأڶֱס
Ҳµĳµүǽѣԥеʱʤسļҧͷö˼ɲôࡣ
֣񴺭ԥæǰ֮£ŽѩݣУõҪ֤ݡ
Ȼ˼ң鲻ж仯
ΨһҪ£ݱܷâĵȴ
Ȼǲţ˭֪һʥּȴọ̀ݱϢƵƵΪھӣͼԼҸĸϯ硣
ԭʱŮĹ򣬾嶼ǣŮϯҲֻм
񲿶ûλá
ؼˣͬҳ֮ǰʺͦϲģ˵ؼңСʺ¡
ǻʵ۴һӣʥּ͹ˡ

ЩǴּ̫˵ģʺһãҲһá
صĻʶЦãǧл˴ּ̫һĺ
ھ绹ʮʱ򣬽·εȣǰһ㶨
ڶ죬һ£ʹ
Ŵ򿪣ڳſ֣㣬ɡ
ַȥһȹڣԽֱӴӳԯϱҪԹɶµĵܵЦЦͼʮԶĵطһϤֲ̫Ϥߡ
ͦԶģüۣôһ;ԼĿˡ
һ΢ĴųɹΧҲо½μڴ˴һųɫʱŹ֣Ŀǡ
üһȻôɣ
ǱߣҲſȥһ۾ջĿ⣬ü
ַͦС̬ׯڶݵĶӹ󣬴չ¶һĨЦݣ·ԷУֻһʶͨһ㣬ȻǰߣЦעһ㣬ǻʹ
Ʋ죬ʵʵͷ֪
*
ԥȻŮûϣͷѯʣѩôˣ
ѩæ׸ǰҡҡͷ΢ɬ𣺡ûʲô
ԥʮ꣬ͬʮͷãٿʣҲûǸǳ˧壬Ψմһİ̺ƻȫУԵм
ʱüͷ˾׺ݣѩǱŮˣ±ֱ˵ηӺ壡
ѩǱŵˣϽͷС͵Ůոաոտ˼С㡣
˵ۿ΢졣
Ŀ֮һѣɫõͷϻƯĲҡЬ϶ԲĴ顣
˵μӹܲμӣø߸ϵ֣Ҷȴ׿ȥ
ԭҵ֣͵͵һЩƲϣҲ޹ȥһ͹ĨǵעݣΪ֣ҿ֦ɢҶ
үŮݹû˵һ䲻õġ
ݡλһأΪĽĿ⣬ɸոռЦȴһʱ޵ݡ
Դ֮ûмû뵽һû֮ǰҲûа㲻ԣүŮη塣
ѩҧ´ԼŸӿ
С㼸֣ԥɫߵûӰӣԥһ£ΪүǴ˶ԷһֵˣȻģҲ˼ȥǱŮʲôڹȥк񣡡
ѩЩʧô˵ǹɵĵͷġ
ԥºһЦźߣԼӿ첽ȥ׷ԽԽˣԽҪ˿Ц
ѩҴҵıӰһ̧żķȥ
Χʱһ
עǵ˶±ˡ
Ҫ
һſȥʵ϶źۼ˵ĵطһ㣬Ҫ̽һԡ
*
סȥ·Ųͣ£ǰ֮ˡ
ѩߵĹ죬ĶһЩգһ£Էû˵ֱӿڣ㣬þòɺã
ЦȻݲ֮ͬͬǰɤǿӲ࣬΢΢ףɵҹúܺá
ѩԥµһƤ׾΢̫󵨣ү֮Ů񣿡
ѩ°΢̧ǵ
ɫһǰһҪڡ
۾һסҲգֻЦǳŮǣŮûţܶ²֪λүŮǿֻ
ѩЦʧ/ֱĿ
ǻѪȴϣδκξλھ˶֪ǹԼأ
ɻգۣôˣǳŮ˵𣿡
̫ҲСÿڲţɲôԥŮҲ߹ǣ
λȻҲǻˣҲǽ󽫾ʲôݣ˶Һȥ
̫౻ⷴʾıһعʶⲢԥأǾǣǰҲЩСѾߣҧūŲǣ뼾Сˡ
ЦЦ˵Ŷ۽ѩ󷽷ϥ񣬴λ˵Ҳǣ񣬳ŮաС~
ѩɫֱˣһ˫ҧ޺޵ĵＷ֣ʲô˼
̫඼÷±ǽѩĳ裬ү˲׼˵ˣ֣޾ϯ˾ȻƵ˵ʵǵΪ
ƫƫѩûзţֻһ̫࣬ѹסŮ
ɻˣ𣿡յ¶ͷǸ
ң˵ˣλ˼һ£ƺ޷ƺݣûлʵ۵Ĵͷ⡢ֻǽнСҲԣˣոѾдһΣٽС
ѡֱ׵ĳƺλүŮ
ѩ
òһҧѪˣ
һЦ̵Ůʱûţܶ²֪едŹŮɣŮ׻ڱ߹ش̣Ҫ˵ŮҪаˣ˵ǰɣ
ۣԶһûסЦ⡣
⼾Ǻݰɱ˲Ѫ̶̼仰ֱҪڵĦ
ѩֱˣһŷ۰׵ɺƨ/ɡ
Χһǿִչ˶׷׻رܣϵЦȴݺӣڳЦԼ
ʶ㣬ѩ߷ٴȥίĶţȹˡ
Ǵ̫ˣݺݵһۣҲϽ׷ϣСЩ~


23  23 
ǳ޹̯, ͷͺͼһЦ
ıȳһĴָ㣬涾
²˽ѩʹ㡣
ֱǶϼӶ
ǫҡͷ
˼ʹĵطȥŲ죬Χֵɢȥ, ͵͵, ҿ֪㵱Ϊʲôһʼ롣
Һû̫, λռסˡ
ھ㽪ѩϸŵ檵ҲӰΪԭ䣬ȫվƸߵ
˲, Ҳҵ·硣
ʳָڴ/, һ£ʾҪ˵
ԹԵͷ/꣬, Ųӿһϲ
ɲš
ĵطĵط벻̣ôҲķ˲ʱ, ڵطˣӭӵĹ˴ǵ񲿰ŵĵط¡
ԭӸλ, Ǵĸλöةһ, , ˺üİס
ǵģǻ׹, Ǽĵùү
ἴʼʱ, ѩź۸ԥ, ˫ֻص֮ǰʮ׵ĵطңңӣѩƿĿ⡣
ԥҲ˿ɺηĺӣ΢΢һЦ
ԥɫˢĺˡ
ʮᣬû˻᲻ʱ飬Ҫβ͹ԥ룬Ҳ֮
Ҳᣬףٻʱһϵ׽Ļӵķ
һλүҲ󣬽ۿǣͿʼةͣʫһףѽ۸жԳԼѸߣʵ˼ֵǣ¶ʮ࣬Ͼ͹ˣϣֵǶھסһӡ
˵ϣȻ᲻ͬ⡣
󣬸ظҡ
һпƻָƽʵʰӿ
ԥԽæµݷþһЩȨѩ飬Լ𣬿ɼŮϾ۸ԥҲæ˵Ҳᡣ
еһΣǺٳĶ࣬ŮڹŴкܶƣԼҳԳԺȺȣ˳䡣
Ȼ͵ÿγȥɫûдʲô㲲Ĵš
ܶ˽»˵η˽ѩݣ
Žѩϣ˸ң¶Һ룬֣ʵһ
ܿҾͳүŮ֣ҶˮǴߣһӸҳϹϵ˵úܣһϱΪ˺ˣ˵ԴӺ󣬾ûһЦǣҪѩûͷ
ѩǰɣ˵ڵԴŮӡ
ѩ˿ڲ裬ŵЦˣֻͣ˹˵ĸ˵ʲôҲ
Ȼˣ칬ſܵȴӰѩһ㶼ˡ
Ц΢һַǳȻתƻ⣺˵öԣɨˣˣѩûʲôģ
ѩסʶһ¶ӣԲʱҲһ£彡ǾȻ˿ûлеļ
ĵЩĸоܿѹ£ô˵ĸףŶãȲҪˣļҵĺӻ㱧
ľĵڶˡ
ѩݲͬ˵Ҳе㲻֮ǰһϡ
п˵ҲҸԼһЦ´ʱҲֻǲЦЦ˵ģⲻ𣿺ˣһ̫ôãΪˣҪúȥ䣿
Ҳáѩٴȥֱͷϱȸˡ
˵Ҳϻشת뿪
ոϻֺЦݵתʱͿԿ̱Ĵ/ţɫ΢ࡣ
ԭҲȢ˸ڻ
ǰͷǸڶ֮ǰһֱʵġ
һ䣬̬ͱˣ΢ѩ㽫үòǸ
֣ʽ΢Ҫû˰æһ£ܶҪӾ뿪ˡ
ٳʧɷץλᣬǧµĴϱҲˣԼʧȥϣ
ԼʹѩԼͷϣҲֻЦ

ߵûӰˣԼµûŵؿڣֱУӴҿҺܰ
ϱĸףϱȥЪš
ĸס
*
ѹ̫ãһƣѩ˶˼ӡ
֣񴺭ǵǸŮ
Ϊ۳ͷ޻δ֣񴺭δȥֵϲһ˹鷿
鷿κ˽ȥ
ѩÿſͨһɫ΢԰ףտ鷿һɫĵԽ˹ġ
ѩôˣ֣񴺭һǰЦʡ
ѩͷһЦĸҳȥ棬𣿡
֣񴺭ȻͷȻԡ
ѩЦݸӲˣ֣񴺭֣ԹԸࣺá
֣񴺭ЦЦ
˳ȵߣһӹȥ
ѩеˣϲľ·ӣҲںӡ
ԥȻæΪֲʧΣٺöƱȻҲܶࡣ
˱׬ƹЦͳȥѸ̤һӡ
ƹۺڵģүϽǰӭӣЦһͷλˣСյ»ӵʦһµʱĥõģϲ
ѩӹͷ֣񴺭ѯʵΣ
֣񴺭ȤֳܱĿۣһȴһ£ķͷɫޣЩ졣
ԺԶֳǰδʱ˺þõһ֧Ưĺɫӣ͵ϲ˷ϣǵޱҫۡ
ѩûȵشüһ¡
֣񴺭񣬲̫Ȼĵͷÿϲɡ
ѩʱһЦӵݹȥǷҴϣ
֣񴺭ֱ£ȷʵãҪ뽪ѩ䣬Ȼһɧʶƫͷۣһȴסˡ
ʲôʱڵ϶֪
⣬һŮӣƯ޵װͦƯ··Ź⣬/µ⾫
ŮɵĶ鼴ʹھ翪ĵطټһ£ߵúҲ·˿Ľľ
֣񴺭ʱ·ſڣмģȻǺһֱδļ
·ָδʱӣնˣŭɻ⼸꣬۵׵Ĺʲ֪˶ٱ
ѩڴĵ˸Լӣ˭֪ȴžડһ鿪㵵ĻͷͬϵŮӡ
ʱ۾һʹЩ
֣񴺭ͷһȻ񣬾ͶϽѩ΢ۿ˶£ҧһ⣬Լѣˣǻһɡ
ѩ򴽿֣񴺭ʱӦϵӸƹǮƹóµģһһûꡣ
ôһ棬ˣ
ѩˣȴֲöֻҲҪˡ
֣񴺭ǻȥ
£ýѩɤ۷޺޵ҧ˵븸ˣȥԥɡ
ҲүģΪԥھøۡ
ѩͻȻԥȻǸŮδĳϦദж
ί֣񴺭ڿɲ˰ڲĹŮпɽķˣܵ
Ϊ֣񴺭ΌܣȴԾ¶һĨǳЦðǴɣ¸ĸܺóԣȥ㣿
ѩɫÿһЩͷá
ĬͣһΣһǰһ߳ȥ
ֻǰĽѩûпݿʵɫ˼ͼȡ
ٲ£ĳײлĿˡ
*
һȺСһ𣬳˳ǣһԭͬɢɿ
ͮûͼոոԼļһܳԶУȵҰ
ӱޣ׷ȥ
ŮҲţ׷׷ϸϵȥ
⣬ҲǺʹһ׷ȣͮľУͷٵҲ̫˰ɣ
ͮ۴Уȴ᲻ñ̫ݣֻԹʮĶǰıӰ
û˦ʱּ٣׷ټ٣ͮըëˣڵýģ֮ǰ⼸ҿɶһСõġ
ڽׯǰˣرãźĥһ죬Ž˵ˣȲһС
żɻ궼ûôѹһʱˣ˭֪ʧˡ
ҡͷһһ
ͮ
ڴЦ͵СоʮȤ
ͮʮ꣬ԭʮ꣬꣬ȴƢͶ浽һȥ
ȻҲΪԭ֮ǰҪõĽãɻæչ˺ӣڲʱҲ
ڣھûôġ
ȿ쵽ĿĵˣǾ࣬ΪׯΧǸ䣬ʱʱ˳֣һСײ˾Ͳá
ҲͮڰĴչ˵㣬ոǾʱûпʲô
ɻҡͷûаôˣ
ͮ˿Ҳҡͷûʲôûʲô
ЦĿɵῴ֣˰ɣ
ͮʱһֱô֪
µѽЦӾ֪Ծˣ
ͮ˼͵һûУŰģСҲһζոźȻով˭ˣû뵽֣񴺭ҲǸ׸ƵģһүŮ̬ȾͲͬˣ
ʼ磺ûϵˣǺǻν
ͮÿ
ͷЦЦʱҲׯſڣͼһһһǰһ߳
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ͮͷ壬Ҵǹɶã
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24  24 
񶼻Լ, Ȼһֱ֪Լֵܶ⼸үԥ, ŵҲࡣ
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ѩŭһߣĺǰӣֻ÷İ
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޸ĸһʮ꣬òһԼĸףȴǰ˽ҷı
ֻʢŭУ뵽֮ǰӹ£ŭˢԴȻһʵʱ⣬һʼıˣ
µ֣񴺭Ҳƭȥˣɱ죬֪ġ
Ÿı⣿
֣񴺭û˵ģѩԶΪ仰˸䣬ʱԼִͷԣΪ˲޸ˣѡɱΪжˣû뵽Ϊݡ
ЦҪǲɱɻıģõԥı֤˴ĹͣԶԶóһλҪö࣡
žİ
ѩ˫ĿĵԹʮּŻںޣͺҺ㣡
ʲôϾһҴ߽һʱ佫ѩһƣɫࣺҪΪүŮ۸ҶӣŲú㣡
֣񴺭üסϣܡ
ɫѿԸӵĻֻܲУģ۸㣬ҾͲܸɿţ
ѩûзƵһģסκ󣬿ĸТһĻ̵ЦЦ̧ӲᣬĮȻתȥ
ˡ
ٰƣȴ³Ц
ϻĵȥˣ㣡Ҷûôһ£
֣񴺭ŻӣЦҡͷҶԲסҪޡ
ϻ֪ԥ£⻰ˣҵ˵˵ݰǸպ룬Ҫˣô˵ǼҰ˵үŮأ
֣񴺭ԥıѾˣǳŮûףԥһоٻӰ죬ѾھҴ֮󣬽ͻ֮ǰĴչˡ
ɫ䣺ıı
ӵͷˣĿڣݣݣɲҼң˵ôȢ浹ù缾أ
үµӰûˣϱ㲻ĵĽ֮ǰ³ɺһΪǸģȼҪ֣ң֮ǰܴȥԥŵһΪҪ׸֪գͲøǼϺ룬ټڴʤ̣ҫ֪ҪͽᣬӴ
Խ˵Խʹ·ΪѩʧŶ֮ǰļѡ
֣񴺭ĸ߶߶Ĩ˰һ󷴸Уһ䵱ʱʲôȥˣ
Ҫôڣð˹
ĸףʲڣĬ뿪Ѿ˺ܶ£ٴȥ밢޸ˣ
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صԺӣ֣񴺭ȥҽѩ˵һԼľײ˽õĽѩ
סˡ
ѩȴľҲһۣҪԽ뿪
֣񴺭ʶס첲ʵȥģ
ѩ޹ء
ʲô˼֣񴺭һŮȥԥ£ûܱ㡣
ǻΪ㣡ѩԭܹ䵭⻰Ҳ̲ס֣񴺭ҪĶõˣȥ½׷㻹ʲô
֣񴺭ૣ㶼֪ˡ
ѩҧŴԳЦЦһֱ֪ʵ֮ǰҶװ֪ԼܽϳȥҴˣ鷿Ļ񣬻ԽԽ࣬͵͵ȥ֪ûһ˿飬ȫãҲ÷ҪǿģһȥҸȥĵطְ
ĸ֣Щ˻󣬻֣񴺭ʶ֡
ѩĨ˰ѲԾµˮߡ
֣񴺭㶵վԭأıӰðβŻСˣ˻ȥ


25  25 
ѩδ뿪
һ˹, 뿪ʱɹһˣԥȻҲպԼңɿĸ׵ķ, ѡŹ
Խ, ԽԼһǸǡ
ѹλС㶼ͼԸ, ԼҪ֣񴺭Ϊ檣Ʋϡ
֮ĸ飬Լ̶ʱܲȥ, Ƹ˼ʵϲ֣񴺭Ϊ, ʱѡ
Ǹ鷿һֱܽȥɽѩΪԼѾ, үΪɽ, ͵͵ȥҲûʲô, ȥ
ȴʲôûᡣ
Ϊ鷿ִһǼģ, һŷ, дţᰮ
һοѩܴ±ǿ, Ҫǿ, Ը, Ҳ֣񴺭, Ƿֿ, Ǽ, ˸ߵġ
ûϵ֣񴺭ϲԼġ
ȻڶΡȥͷȴԽźͻûͳȥһδεĲ鿴һδεӣţÿһ⡣
Ͳȥˣֻ͵͵˵Լûϵߵ˻Լһ죬ܳ׽ϳ硣
ڣѩȲһˡ
֣񴺭ܽԼȫȻãֻΪ˴ݻԥ
ϣм׺ԶԶģƺ֣񴺭ɹˣѩһֱƺͨʲôһ·ͷԼø࣬ǳЦ
λС㣬аŷסѯʵ
ѩҡҡͷ˵ǽѩҪǼС㼾鷳˵һӦûҡ
ѩ
һ˭֪ŷۿɼ룬Ϊһе̵ļ壬ʹŷҲˣǿͷ֣Եȡ
ѩǿάֵЦ֣ʱסˣ԰ɫͷ
Խ֪Լһ˿ЦԽ/УܾŷڳԼ˼ҴС֣λãʵ˼Ķ
ȴһѩѾоԼڱʣµһŷԼΧ·˵Ŀʹ
òͨ˻۰Ͱ͵ĿȥõĻظȴǣ֣ˣҼС˵㡣
ѩ㵣նƺˣȫûԼ˵ֱס
ɫ죬ҪߣͷĻͶ֣񴺭ϲȴ޷뿪ҧǰӣͷС˵һѴ뿪Ǵһμ棬ЩԼС˵
ŷڰ֣ܾӣ˵ôأǵΪ֣ͨһ
ѩϲͷ
Ȼֵ˺һò˻ˣˣŷǸ֣ˣҼС˵κιϵպ֣񴺭ҲҼС㣬˵Ϊ֣񴺭ɵС檣ҲûϵҼСˡ
ѩ
Ŀɿڴһȡ
ѩôҲû뵽Լ˵Ҫˣ˹
ʹҪˣ֣񴺭óûʲôӦ
ɼĲںˡ
ѩɿЦѾ˼ˣԼף޷ûһ֮ʱһع죬ȥȥСׯص֣֣ˣ϶ܸˡ
һνѩûŷˣĬĬתųſڵķȥ
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Ϣһ֣һʱԥʹļΣһЩСүƨԷؽ֤ס
˭Ҳû뵽ΪͷԥȻһ꣬۵ֶιȻС
ֻṩһϢ֮һֱԺ֣ùܣջ˳ɹӱ˹ͣüˡ
˺ôİ˻ӶԼʮָмһֽף˫ûš
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ŴȻչãСԶΪɫԳԺȺȣҲǷǳõġ
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ǰˣĬĬ˵һ
һĿĵ¥Ը㣬ûȥ֣񴺭ֱ˹
ĬĬƿ
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ڸ֣ҵĳޣѾ㶨һ룬֣ûһ˵ĹְƷ֣ͻʮ꣬ԿδһƬڰ
ʣµģͽĸȽϺʡ
ܵ˸йһ¡
ԥȻܣȰ˻ӵ꣬ȴĲẠ̇ٽӴһȨ
ӣƻʧܣ㻹úûţպȻ˻ʵۣ
ļƻӾھϷѰҸԵ˧磬ɻӣ֣񴺭ԼӾʵȻźӣ
һеһУ֣񴺭ϡ
ǰЩԥѩ뿪ֻ֪ûȤ˽ѣû뵽֣񴺭ûġ
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ĬĬ˴첲ļƤ񣺡ˣ㣬ҳԲȥˡ
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Ѿˣüͷ𣬡ҪҰѺ֤ø㿴𣿡
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һ֪ʵת˸
֣񴺭ĵ׷ȥܺͰعںãΪ˼ңܻʹֶΡ
СøˣȻվͬͣµˣ΢Уڲǳ͢ٶ԰ɣ
֣񴺭ʵһ㶣εĲش
ͼһЦҺãŹ͢ٻ£ͲҪˡ
֣񴺭
ûӦ˵ʲôһȭͷ͹Ű׾ССģֱţһʹʹһĵĺˣһƨ/·롣
һȭ꣬ȭͷҲЩۣ֣񴺭ʹģˬЦˣüͷһ͸¶һӺݾţٸҸңһδһΣ
Χ·˿׷ҡͷ죺С׺
СȢ׺ĹСԺ󱻹ܵҲȥˡ
֣񴺭ձĵطǰ޼ɵвŮɫЩ㱣·˵ĻʶҡͷûС
ǺףЩл۸ˣֱܵԷһ٣׶ȴδ
İŲģ
֣񴺭ˣʹãȴյģǼɬΨнҧأסᡣ
䵽һܡ
˾Ҫߣ֣񴺭ˣҲϽϣֻһβͱס
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֣񴺭ɫһ࣬ʮֲӣ
ЦӣλСĿɲǸ˷ޣ˵ᱡŮӣһȣ
֣񴺭ǵһαһĶˣʶʣʲôˣ
ò֣ǴƽԨ
֣񴺭Ƥ飬û˵
µˣƷְ޹ְҲᣬûʸ
ƽԨȴŹ˵λ̨Ҽݣͬʱ֪ǱߴкŮӹһ̨С
֣񴺭
ⶼʲôʲôԹ
Ҫ
֣񴺭ǰˣȴӣɫºͣȴŷâ
ãǲ˵ʲôһⱲӱػسãֻҧ֪ˡ
ת뿪ߵһ
ƽԨĵͷ뿪ķǰȥҴң׷ʲôˣûҵЩʧĿǰ˳ոΪˣ˺һؼСѾ뿪ˡ
ȻһŮӵЦ𣿡
һ˲ƽԨֻļһ̻ըѸٻͷǰŮӣϲԸӣȴ֮Ҳǿ򶨣¶һĨǳЦҼС㡣
Ҳ֣񴺭û׷ͷһۣһӰΪȺ￴ۡ
һˣǺ׵ģƽԨҹʱһ£ܿߣƵ󣬼һͣ£ɢʧһ䡣
û뵽õ𰸡
գۣЦŨʲô
ƽԨӿհһ˲ʲôҲֻ֪ˣ롭Ȼһ£˵лСæĳѾְлС㣡
󷽵ͷðôлң
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˵ͷӦԼȻñл㣬̫ˣҪͣɼǰŮЦԽŨڳЦԼ־ɥĴ޴վǡ
ֻǱЦǳЦô࣬ļ⻹Ƿֵ壬˻룬˵Ҵȥ¥Ȳ裬¥ĵģȥң
ƽԨͷԽãͼȥ¥
ףֱ̧뿪
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˷ǸոסԼĴ
ڵЦȫһѾ˼Ůӻĵˡ
ӾԲǲʶġ
ԡ˱ѡ
֣񴺭ǣֱ㶵Ŀ˽һ¥ͷһƬ
ƺ˱Ǵˣ
֣񴺭ԸţֻתԸ·Ҳ뾭¥¿˸۵Ķ
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ⲢһȥϹһУȻ֪˽ѩԼúܺˣǶҲ֪Ҫұȼõģǲܡ
ǳֶ֧ӽȢԺˡ
ں
Ϊ˶ӵǰ;룬ʹ˵ͬ檣Ǻ£ǲܣֻȹŶǰ;
ʮʮӵҲ١
ڴ֣񴺭ȴֻҡͷʲô˵ֱԺȥ
ϻ֣⼾ǲǣҶʲôõģΪټܼ޵ñҶӸãȻͬ⣡һЬ
֣񴺭ûסͷһ
϶һ£ԹⲻΪ𣡡
֣񴺭ƣҲͷΪҾͱˣҪ㣬ڶһûҪһ䵽޹ְڼҪΪҺãҪɿ檣ôڲֻܴ񲿻ӣսȥ˶۸
һĻˣĿ͵ĿŶӣȴѾת뿪վǺð죬ίĿӣҡⲻΪ𣿡
޺޵ҪҪȥϣҲΪãһڣɿҶ檰
Ƕڹˣ
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Զԣ˵ֻϡ
ϲ˲ᣬȴͮͮģһ£·һ
֣񴺭һ֮˵ǲԹҲһͷϵķӦߵķɿ죬ҲһЩΡ
ЩڻصԺ￴ſյԺӣֻѾߣûŮˣѩˣԸ
ʮ̽ɣνʱ⣬ٵʱδŮӽɰϣڽֱߵĲ¥ڿôᡣ
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֣񴺭ԼԼ⶯£ڴ³ʹûܣȥ鷿óֽʣдһʫʡ
һ£
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۴ЦӽãҪһϡ
ֹˣһµСóһż򵥣ֻжһЩƣʮֲۣžţ뷢ޡ
㶣ϳϴСĺӣǰСһ˳ȥ棬ûдǣ֪ô£ֻЩ֣СôôӵĶ
ױȫɣŪˣС㣬ԽԽÿˣ
ѾҲŵͷѽÿ
֣ңÿ̫ˡ
Ҳɬ󷽷ĶžӶ࿴ۣɲǺÿˣձУɫãÿһ̶ݹƤҲϸˣ۽ǵϸûˣ/Ȼ޳ţʮŮ
Щɹ;ϸġ
ҩʳ˶¡
Ѫûа׷ѣ⿴Ŷÿ
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лС㣡µ˶ʱϲˣӹȲȡԼԭģģȻ̵Ļ࿴
ֻЬӣŵ߰ɣȥ
»Щ棬СȻֳȥ̫˼ˡ
ſڣδ
һͯеֽһ˵С㣬ǱҸš
СһûסѸٽֽϸϸļ顣
˶ٷСӣȻ⺢׽ӽˣҪǼҳˣǿɻˡ
Цû£Ǻ죬Ӧþס⸽ġ
ɫҲçײ꣬һŷ棬ּϳˣɫ΢˵С㣬⻹֣ġ
Сһ˳ȥ˻ÿյ֣񴺭ţѾǵķˣǰⶼСֱӶˡ
ѾһѾ߷Եˡ
һҲ⣬ѾĵСĹϣ뵽ոһ£ԥС㣬ҪǿһţҲͦĵġ
еӹţóֻֽдһʫ
һʫ䡣
һɨܿпҪǸ˼
Ȣѩˣ
ֻúЦûкԭһ˻֣֣񴺭檵뷨ֻ˵һӲҪ檣Ҳȥ÷ԭбĿˣ
ֽ˺˶¨һ״ʫˣûʲôݣһȥױ졣
±򣬾ôһҲǷˡ
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С۹ôͶ
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ƽԨҲû뵽һģ֮ǰһˣű򿪵һ˲վҪкһԻѾߣЩ֪ôˡ
Ϊû˵Ѿ߶ѾһѾߵ衣
ɫȻƺûĲڣôˣ
ƽԨһҡҡͷѾѾԷˣվӽ䣬΢һ㣬Ц¡
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׼ˡƽԨЦͷʣĳھһЩűˣϱޣĸŮеıƺġС֣
£
Լ
룬˵޼İɡ
áƽԨӦ£ó׼õıʼǣʼ¡
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ûжǲĹŴ磬Դ˻ͦȤģ˱Լ
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ܶ˶ϲЩΪ˳ϹϵܾûԼΪ
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Ըͬҵ֣˵ĿڸÿģǼС㡣
Ϊ֮ǰѾÿ¶һ飬֤²ΪĽţ߰㣬ǰìܡ
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&
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ȻͿһϲ֣񴺭
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ЦȻ֣ӺͼСҲǷһΪʵڿϧʹ̸һΣ
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֣񴺭һμǱǴΣȻӰ̣ɫ΢䣺ҡ
С㣬Ͼ÷񡪡ûغ壬ҪȰ裬ͱǰŵþһ
ĽƽԨֱԣƿӽ
ͼСĴһŮջȭͷǰһ걻ĵķŴڣܡ
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ƽԨĬĬȣ֣񴺭ҵܣδע£ֱӱ⵹顱һˤڵϣϼˡ
ŵϻعͼ֣񴺭ǱٿޱĲ˲Լȭͷ׳Ĭ


26  26 
һҺ, ֮⣬档
Ϊո뺷ľٶܵҵĳ, һ޻˵ʱ֪οڡ
ƫƫҲһ˵ˡ
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ɫ䵭ò˵ǣǳŮ³çˡ
ɫѿ
Ǹ, ֪, ƮƮɵӶ֪ûԼ, Ƕ졣
ͷһθо, ҪйҲط˵, ̾Ϣһ˱Ȳ, ˵С㣬֪֣ԹҾʺˣϾŮټޣôƣҲһ㲻ġ
, һĵûϵ, ҲС
ϱشŪס, ˺üȷԼû˵С㣬㲻⣬δ⣬ô죿
ֱ׳ǾҵֳǴҽ⡣
ϣ
ǰĲ豭ȻԼЩʶݵʲôˣһڲˮ㣬˼Ŀɬ
ѵ̫ðɣ
ֱԣֻҪҿģ˺˾ͺá
϶ʱˣץס©æ˵δɷ򲢲Ὺİ
죺ɼδҼˣ϶֪ټ޹Ľ⣬ȢҾͺðΪ˼ңȢңǾ͵ҵƢˣ֪潻𣿵˱˻ԣһǷˡ
ϸˣ㲻±˵㺷
ҡͷ˵˵£
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ϲ룬Ͻ˿ڲ衣
Ҳ˵еĹףԼˣͶ࣬ǲҪˡ
ﰲ淴˵
&
ΧһСţһ˱̽һϢһ˱ֱͦţü빧
֣񴺭ƽԨ裬õ˵ĸл̽ĿƽԨԴ̽θСʶģ
ƽԨü۶ʱһЩ˵¹ʱɰСŪЬӣǼСС˹ҡ
ЦҲԵˣˣСϾŮӣǶ˵Щס
ƽԨɫ¹ǼС㡣
ǱǱųɻȥģ㲻вס
΢УӦԱһֱû˵֣񴺭Ѿ̧ͷˣϴһ̣Ϊ֣ĳ˽һˣ˵һЩ£Ҫǰƾʲôǰ
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Ȼͬһһ㣬ƽԨƺûвһ
ˣЦȻ֣ЩԣûǼС㣬Ƕ֮䣬蹵޴޷üˡ
ʱһŮӦӣҸȫŮ⣬ˡ
Ų豭һЦˣ뼾С㲻Ҫ⡣
Цᡣ
֣񴺭ȴŵҪ޸ֵޣ
ЦݣĮɨһ۹úÿ𣿡
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Ҫû£ô˵ûãΪܿƵģĲǽ˵Ĺû˼֪л˵Ҽ޲θɣ֣ӹڶˣϵ˲ʹˣ
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ֺݣ飬Ѿ׵ø߸ߵģ۵÷̣˵ʱƤ۵ñһ亹
£һʱû˵
ЦһԽ£ʱˣҲûȥˣȸǡ
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֣񴺭תߣһⶼû£ƽԨһҪûҪǮûǮƵˣֶּʣûסһᶼԸٸ𣿡
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Ŀϣ´һ£ϵɻ󣺡һʲôô
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Цǰһ֣񴺭ͱЩҵĺһ߱Ȳ֣񴺭Ѿȫѹƣһһ
޸㣬ҴӴ󽫾Ů֣ٷˣλ½ˣ޸㣬Ҵĸ׵飬ĸ׵жд̣ݱˣ޸㣬ҴһֻҪźĴС㣬һҪչ㡢ܵܡõɵӣαˡ
ΪҰ㣬ҷô࣬ҵĻرʲô˽ѩԷҪ檣
֣񴺭˵ɫǺ죬Ҫƫƫ޴ӷֻܱƵĿĿŵĳЦԼ
ˣЦøӿǺˣػڵˮƽ֪࿪ģȻأѩùˣͼ˶ܣԼ޸ܴʲôѲΪ˷ƶ
䣡
һ仰ֱǿŵ֣񴺭ϵѪһֱţе˿˿ϣʧתֵǱķŭ
Ȼ˵
ңֽȭָǷףʮ
㲻壬˵ʩʩȻתƶҲֵ˱˻Եļˣ
һŭ̲סˣҪ֡
Ѿ˽̤Լϡ
ƽԨЦݣ첽ϣҿֿȥ
֣񴺭һֻܿ˫Զ룬ܻҪй۸Լ˶Ѿˣϵ˶ԼλߣƵĵͺһ
ԭҪգôһˣ֪ʲôܿŭ𣿡
ƽԨ˳ƴش𣺡֪
֣񴺭ĵͺȻֹʱһƬž
ĻͷԼĺӣҪѰһ㰲ο
ȴɫۿ
֣񴺭ɫһ䣬ŭͬӭһˮ侲Ѹٹ£ʧˡ
˺һһ봬գһֶû˵ѾԼ˵ˡ
ϼˣϽϣ£⡭
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ϲΥԹԵͷȥ
žͨһˮ
ĴδԶһĻ֣񴺭ǱˮĬĬţӳԭУôҲΪܶꡣ
÷֣񴺭ԭõļ䣬ºԼĿӶΥԷҪ檣żã᲻ù
ƽԨϣЦŵˣЩ䣬Ҫգ
ѽЦЦתȥ
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µ
˻ӴϢԥӵأıһ֤ȷ䣬ٷأȴⷴԣҪ֧Ԯ
ǡôʱʤ鳯·ϣӵϢֱת·ȥһ·õһȹͰ˻һص
Խ㶨ңΪڱ߹޷룬ҺŮδЩɵϴԵŮһίȫǳοҲ֣ҸϾɱ֣񴺭ʱˡ
ֱԣǴھŮҸ֣
ǵϧͿŰɣ
ǳͬ
ļƻɻûнأɲϣ֣˾ˡ
ż˴ʤ̣õĺôҲǾ޴ģڼۣ󽵵ķΪֱӷ˼㶨ԪҲзš
õһľλֻŲͳˣûзأٺ»
£ˣƽԨס
Ҫģ촬ϣӣ֮ǵ㶫ദһЩʱգöԷܺãǱ߾ˣ˻Ϊ᲻һ
ҡ
Ҫӣԭϱӳ˶֣˵ĺ⣬źһֱѾˣҲѡˣһˣúÿԸºͣαسɣ
㱾Ůޣִ⣬޷ı⣬ֻĲ鲻ԸĴӦֻҪƽԨڼס꣬Ա۲Ϊˡ
Ǿ̫֣񴺭㺦ŮҪ
ƽԨȻӦʣ˶Ҳ˿ҡղڴ£߷õ鰸ʣµʱ䣬ڼңԣ˹Ŀ࿴
ͦģΪͬѧ᲻ں˵ۣƽԨȴˡ
ƽԨЦԼģϲ㣬һ͹ˣ˵Һɻ飬ʵô࣬Ǿ˵ҳҲӲҵ˵Ҷʲôðƽʱ°참Ϸ嶼˵ôôԣαں
ĵͷˣֵպ󲻺ÿĵز
˳ɻ꣬УڶһŮ
һ꣬Ѿ֣񴺭ٴγɻĵڶꡣ
£ȫ֣˾ţⱻ˶ţܾϲԸӴȢޡ
֣ѾˣҲûˣǼңֵ˷ͷʢļң˭ҶԸ⽫Ů޹ȥ
Ȣ鹵ģԼֲԸ⣬йϵ֣񴺭Ȣ˸ӵĹѸ
ϣŮôӴӹ¼ҹ˱ɶá
Ȼɻ¹ȥϱӺ޶
ɻûж
ȥ򣬶ϱǳãһӣ϶ǲϼͷˣֲȰȥ壬Ǽ衣
Ͽʼ檡
ֱ¹ȥ֣񴺭ûһУеϢ
ϻˣ޸ԼҶû޸ƽԨŶþͻˣ
һЩ֪ҶԹ˶͵͵ۣ˭֪ĵ˭
ϿʼĨǵȰ˵֣񴺭ȥ޹֮󣬿żԽԽһŮżòС
ɴ͵͵ó˵ĴǿбŴӼ顣
ʱϲŻȻ֡ĵĶӲ
һô㶰죬ֱͦͦĵڵϣ°ĭбứ
ϻڰ
Ӷӵһγɻ鿪ʼڣΪ˵ϱ岻ãа
ȥϱ룬޸˲ŶãһŮˡ
ĴӣɻΣӣһǲǸ
֣񴺭ҲŪˣһʱҪԹĸԼûȻԺֳ︡ǿӲԼ˵ҪʱԼԵһҩ衣
ʱֱ˵ǶӾ衣
Լδһ£ֻԼģҲģ
һ֪֣񴺭־ŭֱ֮ǰϱ̻ҪңҲзϣͷȥֱȥ˼ҲĶ
ȥ֮ǰõĶǡ֡
һΣŷٴΪ˸ﱧѾµޣɷƽԨų
֣񴺭ûϣȴˣǿ߳ʱӣĿѣضĺӣֺּޣʵǶӾ裬ǲģ
죬ԲǾȣӴ㲻ΪҩǼٵİɣ
֣񴺭


27  27 £꣩
֣񴺭Ŀ, ͺôܵʱô콫ҩ׼õģƭҶԲԣ
Ŷ԰
֣񴺭ԸţлҪһȷеĴ𰸣ض, ǻоŵһա
Цʮ޹, ҡͷûа, Ҷ˵, ǶӾ, ǵǰȢʱµֻڰʵء
֣񴺭㱵Ŀ, ԶֳǰżˡŴµӣΧ۱͵棬ĹڼҸĸǰ, ˵֣񴺭ڴ˷, аһӣɶɫ, Υ, ؽӾ
ʱ˵ӸжĿ, ԼҲһиԼһܹǰˡ
ɲ֪ʲôʱ, ʼԡ
֪ʲôʱֹԼ檵ӣȡ֡
˭˲檣
⻹顣
ڡԼıӦ
֣񴺭ĿǰŮӡ
ȴЦʮֿģƽԨüͷ΢ǻǽݰɡ
ѽת, Яȥ
֣񴺭ۡһ, ³һѪ, Цתʵ֪ҩΣȲңҲüô졣
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ޣû취Ҳ˵ģ漾û취ҩԼԵģ㲻ǣԵʱǵĹϵȫ֪мǸ״Ҳô
˵״ԼȰʮӣԼ֪Դӵɽ£ֱ֮󼾼ҸĲѪһֱûкúţܾʮӡ
ԽȨףԽƣͽԼˡ
ϱø֪Ӳзˣˡ
ڼϱ˵öϱչǹڣڵҩ̵һݣǸ˵ķҲܷ
֮ˣٲڶϱֻôչˡ
ɾƽʱ̫࣬ûϻϱҲžТᣬ״š
֣үһĳĬϱڣϱɲڣˡ
Ϊû￿ĻǼӣǿգܵӣ
ϼǿֻһ꣬һԹУ徣֮ǰǻعⷵһӣ˵ڵһǣϣҵĴϱҪ
϶ϱֱЦ̫̫˼ҿɲǴɩˣɷǴ䣬ˣǸ֣ûϵ
ϱҲͷĽ㲻֪˼˶ã˶껹סң˳ϢҲԸΪңһˣסĶԡ
ϱС˵ˣ̫̫˵Ůǰչһգˮ磬ڽʩͲĽ֡
ǰʱֻǻںޣϱǣĽˣͲƵ壬ʱ򼤶Ķоִ̧ԼؿڣɳƵǿҡҴˣ
֪ˡ
ϱЦ
ᶼˣ۲ϱֻţҶأǡ
ϱ˵æµûʱˣڴ󲮣ҲǰҲˣָһɴˡ
۰ľӣ⻰һɫһ˲ֺܿ컺۾
ȥˡ
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Ϣʱ䣬һ˿ʧˡ
ԭԹɢ
޵˾Ϻ֣񴺭ϵִǴӣֻҪ֣񴺭ãͲã֣񴺭ӾŻһúõˣȴⱲӲԼãֱĿ
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֣ңûȨԭȵĴլӰסһСҡ
֣үְٺ»ԷԲ𣬼ӵϱڱѹӶȻãӣһ֣񴺭ԴӱˣͲ/ಡ齣ڶйְְֵ˼ң˭Ҳǽá
ӵǿʼ⣬ӿԣҪ˵ôòܣǵȻԹϺ֣үĲΪƽյТ
Ǵһ㣬֪ǹò
෴ӾŮӶĽģסңĸֵɩӶá
ɷʹ˱²۳Ҳһ㲻⣬Ҳʵ֤Լûг永˲̰٣мɽЩ̰ٱܣдʫޣ˻ΪҲмӣδȨ֮һ
ķչ˺˼˵ˡ
ԼҲûţӰѧã⣬רŮӣһЩ治ȥŮṩһᡣ
Щ꣬ͮڸ׾ѡ£Ҳҵһɾһ⣬Ϊ׬ǮֻΪ˴ʱ˳Щ¡
Ҳ룬ٺ˼룬ⷴԽԽ
λʮ꣬Ķʱ׳Ųסİ˻Ϊº󣬽ۼݱ˻ӵǻ
ӽı͵ûҹƹȴײļˣ˫棬Ƭ̣ʤѷ֡
ѾĽ񱻱ΪˣȦͷżɹ뿪
µ۵ǻ꣬ӽ״ɷ͵ңҪ룬ڴ˲⣬ӽ¶ģҲңֱŮҲû취
ܿСһˣǽԭǮ˼ҵԽԽ
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µ۵ǻĵꡣ
Ҳǽѩ뿪ĵꡣ
Ƥ΢ڣĽѩñŮŹȣһɽ߳ı¨·ϲɵĲҩ
ϣὫЩҩҩάơ
˵ңҺһҽʶһЩҩԴΪ䵽ȥҪĵز
ǰӾ뿪δصԭĴӣҸӡ
ʵ缾˵û˵ĵطͲ֪ĹȥֻҪֻҪûҪȥ檡
ѩߵʱϴ˲ӣ֣񴺭˰æ׾尲
ƯԶ仧壬ﲻٵӶڡ
ѩԭ۹Ҳͦߵģ֣񴺭ڹ󣬷ʵǺõģѡһ޸˴峤Ķӡ
ΪԼٵˣȴ»֮ҹû죬ɷ
֪󣬸ֿ˳ۣڣȵ϶Լ
ʱޱĴСȻϵˣ
޵ǮҲ˶Ҳ˵ʲô
ҺԼĲ鲻¾ͻˣͣɷҲãѩΪԼʱת
˭֪ڼ䣬ɷһŮӹϡ
һʼ֪ȶӰˣֱײ÷һŮ̥Ÿûɫɷڱ֪ƹˤֱӴŮӵҡ
ѩŮǶĵˣ޵۶ˣû˵һݻΪһۣǵɱ֣񴺭ȢԼĳ
䵽زǱӦ
ѩں֣һҪɱ
ûɱɷںŮ͵/ʱײֻ֮ʱˡ
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˶ӣûӣֱӽϳȥ
ѩܸˣ뿪żңŮһȻѣҽʶҩҲ
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ǶǶ~Сһ·û˵ֱܲˣ˵һ
ѩЦݣã͸Եġ
СĻ˸Цݣɵһ
ѩ˲ҩõǮһʱ˸̯ӣĸŮһһŮһϼƬ
ڵɿڣȻˣ߿ˣһٳһ棬ˣҲˡ
꣬ŮԴѾѾţԺҪʲôһҪԼȥϲҩҽܺúûȥԶҪˣмҵˣ֪𣿡
СﲻЩӵĻĸ˵ܶ飬ѧȻԹԵͷѾѾ֪
ѩһЦѾߴ·Ůߴ·ˡ
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ٴһܾǱʹԼǻԹ޺͡ί
ۣǰǰɫĴשѸתΧΪΣգȴֻǲ
ƻţҲɨúܸɾࡣ
ֵͷһԼ壬ãҵľϥǣǹڵĦˣϥǶĴСѪɫ˿ڣѪࡣ
˶ϥǣЩۣܵķΧ⡭첲Щϸͷˡ
ϰԼÿδԽݶʲôõϵ·ָоǼõģʽҲǷǳƯֲͻأѧôô
ǴŵģԽΣŲµʲôҲųȥ۾һգʼռ䡣
ԭոǸ¶꣬ԭҸС֮һ飬ԭĸҲûʲôѣ˾˵һҪһʲôôûеĹ¶׷ҡͷ
ԭΪԼҪ͵ԺʱһǮ˼ˡ
һүүһ۾Ц˵ȻѪԵģүүÿ񡣡
ԭʱ¶ɻֻ̣Ҳʱȥˣδ˵үү
ҲֻͣҸүүǺѣȹңʱǾ˵ˣСף̺үүֿ󣬾Ͳ֪٣Ҳҵ㣬Ժδϱˡ
ӵΪԼӵһң˭֪ķ·
ʡĺţ̷ٷչʱʵҵһ˴Ļҵɼʵǿᡣ
ľҵԭĻԼԼĴϣԽ
˵ԭúܿĵģʵϳүүûһ˻ӭϣԽԵ޹һδޣԼңֱ⽨ͯϱûһ仰ǡӣүԶ㡣
ϣԽ֮ĸĸ㡢үүѾ˵ŮŮˣ˶ԭǳмģΪԭһ΢Ǽҵ
Ƕүү⣬ΪԭүүϵãҲ˷һȢŮԺϣԽ̧ͷ
ƫƫүүһҧԼܽ
үүȻʼȨӣǼ˵һˣˣ˾ͽԭϣϱĺеҲУŹʣûˣԭǼҵӶˣ
ԭǸԺӣ֪Լһ¶Ѿĺ£ǻѧԺȴģԵӶҲӦõġ
ĴУԭѾ˼ֺǣ˭ϲʲô˭ʲô֪һԼڳĥԵģһǻȥ
أЩǵ̬ȺתһЩûд
ԭѾ˳ܵԸ
֣һԭϣԽ
Ů죬ϣԽǸС˧˧磬һμ棬ʹԷӣ֪ԷԼδɲ⡣
Ҫиң֪Լ˻ǰ˽飬ԺҵһӣеίྡԸ̡
²δϣķչԭΪĽϲϣԽҶʲôÿѧǺͶԷһġ
ϣԽҲǸѱ꣬ѧУǳУԣú˧˲СŮϲоͰһЩС̫á
ԭĴǾôۣΪ˿ʼְԭôݣǳڱ۸
ԭǳǿͬܶһյֺһˣʹ۸ҲҪϣԽø
Ȼһ죬ϣˣΪѧ֮ϣԽ̸ˡ
ϲˣԭӵܣΪϲˣʼŬԭδޣ
ûἰԼˣȥ˵ԼһϣԽеүүһҲװ֪
ԭȥʣүү˵ǿŤĹϲʺ㣬ɡ
ԭģӾڴʮ꣬˶٣ôܷأ
ĵ˶ϣԽŮѵ̬ȣҲԼһͬͨͥǸŮԼΨһõĵطžǳɼˣȴɫһ򿴲ԭĸҲ䵭䵭ȴû¶κ
ԭĴ̼£ڻˣӽǸŮһڲСãҪ϶
õȴϣԽ
ԭһʱ벻ȥ۸ǸŮܿ죬ˣԭȴץҪ˻ʮԺĶ
ԭûҵδһҪ˻ЩȻò࣬Ҳмʮ򣬻òƣΪǮ;
֮˵㣬Ϊ˸뿪֣ΪԷǿˣѾ䵽زһ㣬ȴԷƿǸ˷ŭʦôӵŮ
ȻҲһʲƵǮһӣҪˣúùӡ
ԭɵ˵ĻˣֹֻεүүܿЩͬѰ
֪ԷΪ˱ǩּס֣һ£϶ˣ
ԷǻĿѧңĿǰصооƬ򣬳ɹķᣬʦ֮⣬ǻѧĽ֮һȥ
ԭ˳Ƽһ£λоԱʮǰһרϣ֮Ծʽķչˡ
ǰλоԱǣߣٴλһרĿǰȫ˼ʻĿ
ѳоԱʱƬٿԼĸ׵Ƭȴֱһ˿˿ڴ
ңҵ˶ǰһĿʱܵĲɷãɷۿͨ˵һԲģҵǰ޺ͶӡԼŮûǡ
ʱ˲ٺ䶯˵񫵱Ĺϵµϲֻ֪࣬/͸¶оԱԿУӻУȫżңӲڼһʬҺھȣ˺Ӻ˫飬ӽˡ
˵ո
ϧô꣬λŮһֱûг֣ҲûκӰϣôϳ±㲻֮
鵽ϵλ͵˵Ļʲô֪ģ
ǶʦŮαȥѾ˼Ůˣ
ҶǶͣ潻
Ҹģҵģ޴󣬸ȣ
ֲδԭˣԹˡ
˺ôȴԼԼôȻίȫֺһȺǣҲүүԸԼˣԼһ档
װȥүүʮ꣬һиˣүүˣʱ
ԭǳϣԽڵʱͳҪɱ˶Էүүں
ʧȥںˡ
ϧʧˣֱŭͽһαãǧټУо֮գǸٴγ֣εĶǸ˵û鵽֪࣬飬ʱӦôߵġ
ҲŶʦΨһѪ䵽ز
ԭͬѧûޣûޣϲ˺ͱһûޣʮûޡ
˵Ļˡ
֮ɱˡ
үүߣԹڣʲôⱲӶ᲻ģϧûã𶼱ˣӱһС
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µͽˣܵԹޱԭһ
ǸС
ĵ˸ԺҲҺã֮ǰԭǸÿʵСһޱ䣬£ֱ/ССԷҶһ㡣
ѹ֣Ҳڻ;Դͷ
ʱص㻹磬ԭʮ꣬߶үүʱ䡣
ԭʱиĳɼ֮ΪУ԰裬ɼ½ԭͬ꼶ļŮ۸һ٣ڲʱ
ԭļѾһˣγҹδ飬ȥҪĸССģû͸Ҳؼҡ
үүҲʧ˵ȴ¶ڡ
Ҳʲôʱ̣ⷢӡ
ֻ֫۸ԭŮˮˣòˣҪȥҪôѧûߣҪôԼ򿪡
ԭʱѾǷѧһˣǼŮڽСʱ۸˺þãڹƶߵӣѧУûϰҲסѧУˡ
Ǿֻܡ
ţһ̧ȥ
۵һ죬ⰲĽѧ¥ԵøԣϻһЩ
źúõء
ʲôҲû
ĬĬһԼһСϸȣ̫ˣҲ书Ҳܶʱ佫
ĵһֱ⣿
üͷôʱˣֹϥ˵ĵطۣҲˡ
ĶǴשʹ·ݣתȣĵطҲǶȹüƤˡ
ѵҪĵطɹһ
ڲһ£ҵһϰѣϰѣлʵఢ̣ϰľʵģϣȻ߸߾𣬶ĵطȥ
顪
ȸոոĶٴһ֮󣬱಻ġ顪
һľϰǰ˵ľͷʼˣҲĲ٣ЩˣټӰѾͿˡ
Ϣ룬һϰȥ
һȴϡ
ոջ˿Ŵ汻򿪣Ѹջعӣ⣬һУ߸ݵվǣû°ɣ
û¡ҡҡͷЦ£л
䵭˵꣬תȥ
ˣϽϰѷŻԭŴϣߡ
ڽңһһ뿪ͻԿڰ೤ʦòɴֻȥ
;۽ѧ¥˹ŵĴӣȻߵˣ̫ɽɫ
Уſڸǿյģԭѧĳˡ
룬ܵҡ
ڴһ飬عŮôûȥ
˼ЦЦеµˣ壬ֻܽһӡ
㣬˸Ͻģ춼ˣҲ֪һ¡ţֻݹ
лʼ绰ԭΪ׼£ȫز㣬ֻҲһЩϵʽои˾
һͨ绰Ǳߣ˾˭
أǸ壬ڻѧУſڣ鷳һ¡
Ǳͣһ£ԴżֲͣڸүԼȥҲһĹ
塭
æأ˵绰Ҷϡ
ཱུʾЦˣԭСףҪôЩ˶ٰƲϣ
ԭүүĺôɵĹȥ
ʱ䣬ԭүүΪǣߵʱ֮ǰô϶ṩš
뿪ңȻ̫ԿˣôҶԵˣ³ҲˣôҲǸʲô
תֲһ绰绰һͨίүүһѧУ˾ԸңúڰҲһ˻ȥҪþһȥɣ

һ飬ӻûʲôѾ˵ʲô壬үүðԽ㰡
*
ʮӺ
һĳӴԶ죬ˮͷһۣҪѾһͷꡣ
߽ɫǳãֱ̧һߡ۵һСҶûεˣ㵨ӷ˰Ȼүүв㣿
ɫһ䣬һִţˮֱӶϣԽһ͡
һϣԽȫ⧲øţͷʪˣ±ƵĨ˰ˮ֤ȷʵˡ
ɫһŤӣ
ʵĵͷԣҸҡ
ϣԽ


28  28 
ϣԽøˡ
һԹ, ˭ֺõģǶǰ㲻ҵ
Ȼ
ˮͦȵģ
Ҫ, ǲҪһƤ
ϧϣԽһ򲻴Ůˣʹ޵, ҲֻͼöԷ¡
ȻһͻõŮһһ㺦µķӦûС
л, ֱƹ, ϡ
绰ﻹͷ˾ʱعͷ, ˵С, ֮ǰĸүڣûʱ
䴽һЦ, ˾˿, ˵㲻ʵҾˡ
ɫһ, ˵ʲô
ϣԽ, žĹϳ, û
죬Ĩ˰Ѷͷ亹, ¿
սӲϣԽ¶˵ĳڣоһðȫΪл
ΪһԶͨŮʵִȥű, һŵĺ
ʱֻ, óһ, Ǹոշֿĺֵܷġ
˧Ⱥġ
ԪգԽȥСͯϱ˰
ͤȻȥүͷ˵Сͯϱֶ˰ȻүӸ״ˡ
ϣԽҲЦˣ棬үүһ绰ʹȥӸ
ˣ
ֲԼ
ҪԸͲԸˣһβ֪үүô£Ҫȥӣࡣ
ò˻ûãӭһˮСû
ϣԽˣЦŻظͦߵģˮˣ

˵СȺһը˲ͣˢ־ȵıǶԪʷḻƲһֿܣֵܣòܹݰɣͯϱǲǶ䵭
ϣԽüͷһȥһЩԣ֮һ仰û˵ڳ϶һ
ͤǶⶼ֪Խɱ˵ڵŮúܣ϶ķô
ԪҲ˵Զԣţô㣬㶼ȤһҪͣ룡
ϣԽЦģҿɿҲүүϹۣ֮ⲻ˼Ů𣿷ǵҪҺڲǾᡣ
Զԣ
Ⱥݵ꣬ϣԽԵŮŪĹ𴽽ǣι˵ˣģ֪˭㵨ˮҾ㣬´Σұ֤ڣ
αϱĿϢ˳˼ŽҪôؾһȺǡ
뿪ʱǻģΪԭĺôҶ٣
㱨ûұԭܲҲᱻ͵ԺҲԭүүıӻȥ
ҪôԭүүıʵСʱ϶㲻ҪôԼɳȻԼ
ϱԭΪλԼһ仰޵ʣѡɱ϶ϣԼʱ򣬻үүǰ
˵ܽԭݣп˵ǰֻϢͬʱԼʲôֶΪ
Ҳں˵䱩˳Ľ֮ǰѹȥĮԭ۸ЦԭͬԼ֮ǰԭڲļŮ
Ҫ֪һӿɲôģ
÷ǳãϣԽĻܼûӦֻĻأŶ
ˮ
ֻҪ˴УڣҲĽô
ϣԽĲˣ״Ķ۾㻹ķҪܹһаβΣ
ۿȥܹݣ
ϣԽǿţüһ˻ȥŴ˼־棺¶ҪиȣǼ㣬δޣλã㻹Ҫˮ£֪Ϳްɡ
Цˣ֪Լһˮ˭ŵģ˺֮𣿡
ӲˡϣԽҡҡͷȻѧ㶫Ҫһ˹ҪˣϧȷʵϲŮаȻүү˵ȥԼ䣬ɰɣ
Сһڵͷ
ϣԽ΢УЩţֻǺܿҡͷܣ˵ԼүҲͬ⣬ƶ³ɲ˲Ÿ˵ô϶
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һſͣ¡
³һվϥǵƤɻһ˿ٴƤ۵óһ£һʱվû
ϣԽͷһз̸ҽˣ
û󾢶Żߡ
³Ǵµģ·ʱĶûͷϣԽע⵽Ŀһ٣зΡ
ԭΪ
ҡҡͷֲ嶵ߡ
һȥͼܼκӣüͷһ壺ү·ôʪˣǺ׸ðģȥ·ɡ
֪ˡϣԽĵͷȴûȥԻɳǵ˵үү˸˰𶯲вҿ㻨Ǯ
֪ˣ֪ˡЦŵͷŹƳſڵӰװ´Ҫһˣô㣡
ϣԽˬƲ죬治֪˭ӡ
ƽ׶ôһδޣ㶼ΪԼǱģģ͵͵ȥӼȷүүĺ͸ûѪԵϵ
߽һͼһüĿº͵ЦſԼԱϣԽҲЦţֻģ˼ơ
뵽ԭ鵽£ݺ̳ǳЦ滢˭Цеģ̱棬ȴ£һ̵ֽϣԽǼֶ̳Ρ
ˣԭһСеù
Цݣޱȣүүһˡ
ˣôôѽ߹ע⵽ϥǣһУô£ǲǱ۸ˣ
תͷֽȫûע⵽κ壺κȥҩҩ
һжִżίүү۸ң꼶ļŮ˵ҺϣԽߵ̫Ҫѵҡ
üͷš𣬳ڵŮӶôˣǰԽδޣⲻȻ𣿡
ҧүүҲ뵱δˣԼ˰ɡ
һԱۿŵϣԽ΢Ȼ˵
һҲķԣôͷǵĻԼֻûͶµģ˵÷ð
ϣԽЦˣת䣬¥ȥ
˵ء
Ȼƶүүͬ⣬ģû뵽ô˼˶ġ
ûҪԼΪ˲ϣԽڶڣͬͬ⣬ҪͷԽ䣺ǲԼһҪ۸Ҳ뱻۸ˡ
οļүүãûע⵽ģүү
Цݣллүү۸ҵˣС
ͷүүˣ
κҩɳţ㴦˿ڡ
áԹȥֿүүֻŪˣҪֻ
ٴεУҸǮһ򹻲
ͳֶʮӲͬԭ㻨Ǯһ¾ͼǧǹܼҿ򣬵ӲҪֻ˼Ҹ˾ˡ
˼ҡͷ񲻹үүһֻŪҵֻ´ҲҾˡ
ƤһϽõž壬ţүү˸ˣǼŮʲô
ȻûסӦģȴûֽǼֱһ顣
֪ˣүү˹ȥͷԺѾߵɡ
ллүү˵ְԭӣ¶һĨ˼Цݡ
лʲôӦõģ֮ǰүүûǵڰ֡
ͷЦݾˡ
ɲӦõô
ɲžԭүүóרԷǣߣֻΪ˻رԭˣûиԭĸѣûֽǱضר۸Զʵʼ۸
רҵɣҵʮĳɽԭü㻨ǮҳԿ
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ϲҩҲûŵ¥ԼԼģϴ裬ٲһ飬ڲҲûʲôá
̺ĵĸͣȺġ
Թˣſʼ£Ȼطϴ˸ˮ裬͸ˡ
ڴϣ˼ҪôܼԭүүȻҲƻ
Ĳ˵ôҲԭүүǣ߹˼ʻר
ֻԭүүԭ˼µõ
Ϊʱ޶࣬򵱳ӶĺԸӸļ޵µԾռµΨһŮҲæԭԭҲֻضͯ
罻ѣһõļͥչͬʱҲóΨһȥʹ࣬㲻á
ֺ֪֮ѱôŮģ飬Ҳֻܵ鵽ҶԭܺãԵúãúãϵѧУϲȥľӢѧУ
ʱ˵ôҲ֪Լݣ϶һɶɲˡ
ԷǹѧоԱһɾͷǳ࣬ԭ鵽ϣһ̻ڷܶˣᱻܶ˱Ҳӽˡ
ֶλѧϰһ£Ȼ¬ˡ
ţ˯ˣڰ˯ѵʱȻ뵽ϱԭ˾ǹѧĵʦ
֪ԭݣ϶ԭүү˵ġ
ҪֱӽԼ͵ǰȥǲͺܼˣ
ˣ룬һ˯ȥ
ֻǵڶͺ
Ϊ趨ӣٵˣ


29  29 
ûѧ, Ѿǲ塣
һ߶ѧΪѧʱϿӦõ, ٵˡ
Ҳԭļңû˻
֪˷ԸôˣҵӶ˴󲿷ֶԭ, ˳̣⻹ԭΪֺ, Ŭѧ, ̿˫ദʱ, ˵㡣
ǰԭͳٵ, Ϊûˣû˽С
ֻȥѧ
ڲͬ, ˯, Ȼ, һʱϵ˾ӡ
һûģǳˬĴӦˡ
ûи״, ǳм, ﶼأвͷˡ
ų̸κţ, ųѧУѾ˵룬һ һ롣
ʦЩˣ⺢ƽʱϿιԹ, û˵ʲôɡ
С΢, Ѹٻصλ
ͬǸõС, ǳ棺Ȼٵˣ
Сֻ챻˶ˮﻵˣûӽҡ
ͬͬ飺̫ˡ
ŵλŮͬѧҾͺúΣʦ
˶һۣѸٵͷװġ
ŶͷЩȣ̫ûãʶػˣǿ󣬶ݵĲӦѸٻ񣬸ʦεݣ飬ѧ֪ʶ


һ ֮ͬ͵ȥ𣿡
ͷϺһƿţ̣Щˡ
ֳȥڽѧ¥¥࣬˽УѧУؽƸʦҲг豸ͱ䣬ǳɾˮѬ㣬ûйζ
˽ӭǼϤӰŨױĨУҲúôţƯ/еС֮Զܿ
΢Щ
ܼĸӱ˻ͦģ˲ĶһۣĬ׶Է뷨һǽ
СͬЩŵԱߡ
ӴּĺŹҪǰЦ߰
ܴҲܶ࣬ϲŮԣÿӲǽмճ
ô죿Сͬˡ
֣ƿȥϲܡ
СͬɴۣĿҲĲ˼ĵͷߣҪȥʦ
վסӱһСͬҶˡ
һŮȥŹϣǵĲϿ֮ǰһῪŵġ
˸ϽλãѼһҲɣǲҪ档
СͬҲһʶˡ
˶ˣӱһɫŮƹΧסӱһ£Цôģͦ˵ѽ
ҲЦ߳ġ
԰ӱȳһĴָȴһ뻯һƳһôģ
ȻԤ֮еİδǰһԴ۸Ůһ͵̧ס˶⧲£ɿ̧ؿڣƫƫס첲Ҳɡ
屻ߵú˵͸첲ϵ໥˺ֻǲһӱҽһȫй˸ɾ
ʱɿ֣ӱŪĺˣϽֱۣʱֱѾ̧ˣֵļУҵֶˣҵŪˣ
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һεĵСͬڸһ۾ˣô죿Ǵֻûû
˭ҰӱҪǱץˣ֪˭ʦǾˡſڴԸ绰
СͬứˣͲŸϲ
ʱȻһҽС
һ£ҪΪԼͬίȻʶԣǸ
ҲˣǾ棬ɱˣ
һȺŮľŭܳ
Сͬһˣġɱˣ

̫˧ˣ
㶨ӱʣĸŮ˹ץͷǳĬҺ׼ɿӱѸٺ˶㿪ײһŮؿڣԲۣʹ
ϰ/Ҵӣ
ǻŸ
ŮֵĹѾ˵Ĵ񣬴ţóϰѣЦһ顪һȥ
ִһӣҽ
ԭҪץͷץ·ŮֶҵıԼԴֻˡ
ؿǣˣһûŹһһҪǾٶһ¡
顪ӴϵɫеԹȴɢһЩ
Щ˰ԭһУҪǣԭҲԸƫһȺ˶۸Ů
۸ŮֹԭһԭδļҲûǣ֪˱ӦûУھǱӦ٣
Ůһʼ֣涼ûƢһѱһĿ㣬㵽䣬Ҳ࣬һ
ӱΪԼҸ첲ˣ޵ҡ
Ҳˣ̫ûͣˣ˲ҽһ٣ûôˣ˿ҲҶ˵ʲôֻǾĵ
ϰѣǲǺܺҴǣ
Ůûп/궼ţ͸¶ż֣ϻ
ܲ
ȷѧһٽ˴
ЦǴôΣҲҲֹһΣҲްƾʲô۸ˣҸ㣬ԺŵӣҴңҾһͱǣ˭ʹ
Ůɫ˱䣬Щģη˵Ļͽգҿ
ŵɡ
ӱܳȥʣĸŮ󣬵ܳų޵ӵţ
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Ӻ󣬱УҽӺѾֱ۵ӱĸվڰ칫ңһߣʦǴģ
ʮοԼҰϼͷָϡ첲ϵ˿ڣƤһ˿ηĿ⿴
￴ôôݣ
һ壬Ȼһûˣ
İİҲͬĿ⿴ģ
ÿ֪ӱ˿϶͵ЦǱа칫̫ΣѾûƤŸù͸⿪ġ
ҲѧҴģҪҵģܶ˿֤ûҡ
Σ
ˡ
ʦұڲߵʱһͬѧ·ҷųˣҼǵмأһ¡
ɫˣȥ
ӱɫ˱䣬Щżû뵽ҽҲó˵Ҫϣ˵һ£ʦһֻҸ໤˴绰»ô˴á
ӱ
ˣȻѧܴӦ˻Ҽҳ
Լϰ֣ӱһ£ھȻҼҳˣԵŮ󲿷Ҳɫã
ΨаһЦͷֻͬݹ˵öԣ㡣ֶӱ˵鷳ʮʦǰҲйͬѧڲҪû·ôҪһʲô£Ǿ֣
ӱһɫŤˣصҧгݣ㹻ݣ
¶һЦмҳ~
ӱǰһڣȻٲԸ⣬ʮʦҲѾʼ绰
û֮ǰĵ⣬վڰ칫ҡ
ŵģθڵʦȥϿΣˡ
Сʱ󣬼ҳ½ҴҸ
ߵģ͸˵ˣ˽һ绰˹ʦ˽¼󣬾͵һԵô
ڶһз˵ļҳһԼҹŮϵϣһ޺Ӵҵıôˣ˭㣿
ָ裬ġ
ĸţȴֱӰǿÿ㿴ǽ̵ʲôӣȻҹŮҸѧУû꣡
׺ļҳüŮٴЦ˵ŰɣսǿˣСʱҴ˱ˣñ˼ҳһ졣
Ҳû뵽ĸףЩڽ˹侲һ㣬˫ʵд
ҹŮдˣ˴ˣ㿴ϣǰຢӵĴĸһڷָҹŮѧĲǰġ
Ӵ㻹֪Ů۸ŮǾͲѧģ
ҹŮõúܣô۸Ůĸϡ
Ѿϵʦ߹òŮʿ֤Ѿˣ㲻ţǿ߷ɳڸѧУһṩ¼ҲҪ⼸λͬѧ˺˵ġ
ĸӢʦ壬ЩӣΪŮͷ뷨ѹͦŵʲô֤ݣ
ʦѹʱε¼
¼пĿţߴ½䣬ȻžĹϣһŴ򿪣ӱ߳ȴû˸Ӱǻſڵһ˽ԭŰϵ谭ûȥԿǹص÷ǳʵ
ĸɫѿһ˲նⲻ㣡û׼Ůֵ棬˭֪ǲΪֵʱˣǵͬѧˣֱ˲
ʦ΢Ц¼ǳԶ֤ǷͬѧҪھͿΪרҡ
ĸ֮ǰϵĵʧ/귢ס
ٴν
ʦ˿һĬĬϢ
ԹŮһһԣʦŷĸҲģҵɡ
ֹһһƣ߽칫ңһЦȥʦ֣Ȼº͵ѯʲô
ʦ˵꣬˶˵תӱ̧һߡ
ڷӱߵֱӵԶײǽϣŶӣǱͷҲ̧ڷ֪۵Ļµġ
ɫѿѧģܵС̫õģ
ӱʱһģһԴ̡
̾Ϣ˵ɺ֮˱п֮Ⲣ˺˵ɡ
ʦϽȥӱͬʱü
ʦָº΢úã˵öԡ
ʦڴʱȥãǸͬѧʦҪһŮ۸ͬѧ⳥⡣
ͷ˼˼˵Ҫô⳥
ʦǳЦתѧ
Ҫ飬Цºʵʦ૲һشҲ֪ǲܵġ
ĸʲôתѧܣ
ʦЦݸºͣɷ˳ڴʵҵɣҸʵҵܺ
ĸһŮ̲סɫҲԽ𪡣
ʹʹ裬ʲô
ʲôƨ/ɣĸͷһοŮôͷۣԹںˣôõѧУϲˣ
еʦۺ죬ѧǺϼӺã΢ύ㻶ϲպڡ
ö췭ˡ
˶ʱ˵۾ˣٱĸ𱸣ǡҪתѧ
û뵽ﻹͦģ
λҳҲʦͬһַʹǼﶼЩʵλңǲ˺ܴһأ˵ңһȫ֣ˬͬתѧ
ӴǲٳֵѧУ
ʦȥʱӱĿϣ¶Цݣأӱǻҵͷ
ʦʱ˸ֻˣҴģ˵ѧûʱȥ򣬸ɴ·˴
ӹһЦˣ˵һֻǿʼһ㰡
ȻСʲô˼
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صңСͬҦ꺬İ˼ûһ𡣡
û°ɣʦô˵
Цҡͷû£ǱǳģʦѾͷˣأתѧˣټˡ
תѧҦ꺬ҵ죬۸˶ˣûתѧû뵽תѧˣ
ЦЦϾ½ڿˣʣʲôΣ
Ҧ꺬ش𣺡ѧԾɾૣתѧˣ̫ˣ
óѧ飬ϵˣһȴסˣļԭɼãʮϽʼҲܶ࣬ɼǲС
ǰαϵıʼȴʦİ鲻һ̼࣬ˣԲ޶۵ĺӡ
Ϊûã
ϸ룬ȴûռһѷĽܣЩԭǲˣ˵һϢûС
벻Ͳ룬⿴ţܼµݶ¡
ܿѧʦϿΣľӣóһԭ󲿷ֶûĵطҲ˴룬ٵÿ
ȽˣʦĶĿֳһͬͱںڰͬѧ
û㵽˾Լڲݸ
ɨһۣոսȻݣȷʵܼ򵥣ڶĿԶֳصĹʽ˼·
Ǹ߶ѧڵݣԭ֪ʶ
ʱϲ½дֱ꣬̾²֪Ҫʡٸϰʱ䡣
ԱҦ꺬ҧűʸǣѰⳤһ㶼һǰɣ
ͬҪѰο
˶ѧԻలοȴһɵˣݸ屾ĽⲽѾдˣٿڰϰѧԻֻдһ룿
Ҧ꺬ģ
ѽܼ򵥡
Ҧ꺬ߣ˵õһѧôأ


30  30 
ͬĿ, ֻ޹ЦЦ
ԼҲû뵽ϲ
ԭɼãΪΪܵ޷ȫĵѧϰ˭֪ȻǸš
, δͰΣóϰԼ
ȻֻҪĿӾԶֳӦĹʽͲ, һֹһֽⷽ
һ·Ψһⱻס, һ, ѳ̶ԶеĽѧݡ
ѧκóŵϰ
Ȼûѧ, , ȵһţ, ѧָо
ÿƶֻһ, μʮӸպꡣ
˿, αϣۺЦ⡣
ԭˮƽ, һѧг츳, Ȼԭĸʦ, ְʦүүҲóġ
Ŵ
΢΢һЦԭ츳, ټ, Ҫڳͷ, ̫ˡ
ˣζ棬һڿΣʦش⣬֡
ʦһ£Ѹٵ
ŮӿǵһڿϾ֣һҪ㣬ùһ£ȡԺѧϰ
ͬͬѧ֣ҲССɧһ£־ȡ
ش𣬿ڳݼȷ
ʦЦŵܺã
£Ա߾ʹһֽôˣȻô棿
ʦڽո⣬󣬱أúѧϰ
Ҧ꺬յСֽһĿˣСֽôͬʲôʱѧԣ
ԺûһСˡ
ΪģҦ꺬°һΣȻķ֡Ȼһ⣡
ҲŬȡ֪ʶʦ˵ȫԭĻǳ򵥣;ʦԼʱǰ꣬Ȼ֮ǰסԼİ취ˡ
˼·ô뵽ģߺȻһº͵
һѸ̧ͷͼʦվԱߣеϰᣬϻЩϢ
̫רעȻûע⵽˹
ⲻϰߣ
ܳڴںƽ̣ΣգЩܻǻڵģδ˿ôûһ㣬ֱԷڡ
оȣǹɻش𣺡һ£ˡ
ʦλŮʦոߣʮ꣬ԸһºͣѧɹȴʮַḻҪǻࡣ
İ໹ΪʦãѧУ뽵Ƹʦȼһͨ࣬ͨѹСֻҪϿξ͹ˡ
ѧУǮȴܶ࣬ʦȻӦʡ
ѧĻЩȣ⣬ҪûҪĺѣİͬѧǰ༶βġ
ʦ룬òܾŹʣ˵ҸݸֽҸһ
ݸֽ͹ȥЩڴѧѾ֪Լޣ֪ء
ȴʦˢˢˢдˡһѧ⣿

еʹˣʦЦѧǻоѧҲûãʦѧܺá
˼ЦЦţ֪ˡ
ʦ±ʣԴߵ̨ϣЦе𣿡
ˣͬѧͬش
ʦͿʼˡ
һȷö͵ͷ⣬ȸոǵ⻹ҪһЩЩƣսԣڿΧڡ
˼һδεԣֱ¿Ҳûʶ
ʦ߹ʣ˼·𣿡
ݸֽݹȥ
ʦľˣȻˣ
ʣһûд꣬ǰ沽˼·ˣֻҪģԿ϶û⡣
üͷ΢΢𣺡츳ô֮ǰѧԶã
ͷҲ֪ͿԵʱ𲻶ԣӦûˡ
ʦɫŹ֣ǵ⺢ӼͥãУѾͼ򣬼ͥ϶𲻺ԭ˵ĸ˫ѵΪͯӰԾӾһƬհף
ýѧ˰̣û˵ںˣǾһѵ⣺Ҫǲᣬ칫ҡ
*
һûֱѧﻹǹ⡣
ɨͬѧߴóλãȳֻ˲ݸֽͱʣܵȥдųӻҲûɹܾﱻˡ
ʱԼԼĪ׵ĵطһ䵭֣KAֱBCDԣ
һ㶣ٿĿȻˡ
ոһһֱŴֱһ趨ȻѸ裬Ȼдϼ裬·ɼ
߸˵ĻͷҪлͿһϤݡ
Ӳꡣ
Щϲ㰡лл
ֵĵͷδ뿪˵ûڰ㡣
һЦʦģ֮ǰɼ̫ûȥࡣ
ЩЩϧһCMOĵڶιģڶѶȿɲͨûа£һͨȻ˵ɼ̫ûȥࣿ
ȥɼУѧ츳ܺãҪܹ񽱣߱·ӣͲø߿ˡ
۾һǲø߿֪Ĺľһѡ˲ŵķҪڶѧӱõİ취Ǳ
ѧУĿӦǾ󲿷ˣҲϡ档
־Ͳһˡ
ͷ룡ڻԱ𣿡
ԡ˿˵ȥʦ˵պֹü
תߣȲĸоһϵжŪˡ
ֻһʲô֣
ʧЦҽи߶İࡣ
֪ˡһĵͷҽ꺮߶һࡣ
*
ʱ䲻ˣȻȥˣΪһɵô绰˾Լû뵽յУſھȻһڵš
Ǵ״̬һ꿿ڳϣ޳ȽԵԽˣֻͷϷ
߽ϣԽһ̧ͷɫ̫õʲô˼ǰɣʮӣ
ǸǳòĵǸȻԽֱϳ˵´βõˣҪ绰ġ
ϣԽһҲ˳ٴţ֪ʲôûõģүүԼҲǣġ
ͷҪԼ̬ѾүүͬͬѾҪˣ͵ԼѾ˾С
˵ģϣԽɵţʵǸ֮ǰԻԼĿкڿŷƵӣװĿ̫ˡ
ģ㻹̸˵óһ顣
Ǹո꺮ģ˵ʦûõģΪ͸Լģ˼˵һ䣬ҪǮɣͱ˼۸

ҺֻҸ㻨ǮĿҲǮת˹ȥˡ
Էܸ˵ĺϵʽ˵ԺʲôĿʱܻشһش
ͺЦЩѶȵĿûüˡ
ϣԽüͷȴԽԽ˰죬ûԼ鿴ýζɻˣŲӿһݡ
ϣԽ
ţ㿴ö
Ⱑ
Ϊ֪˵ĳɼװģҲ羳θ߰
ҿʲô
ϣԽǺһЦ˵ҪװģװϹˡ
*
ʮƽȣѧУҵ·ҲǳãûоֳС
ĸоԭĺϲѧ
ҲȤſţóʿʼдд˵ȳͣ£ҲûоֱŴ򿪣һ磬ôһѽ
б²ܵһȴһ˲䣬ļһһ˿˿µļӡ
üͷⲻԾ
ŮŮĺӣҲϣԽıʫϣԽ͸С꣬˲һѧУԭҲ࣬ȻݣҲں°
ϣԽȥүүԸġ
ߣʫԸˣȥЦţʱ˭֪Ц滢ĳƺˣŴȰˣңҶȴҶԸ
ϣԽ³ûʫһЦҶȥι㻹᲻³Ⱳû𣿡
ڿҹʱѸסȻһȥ
ǿǾӣģʫû굽Ҹţžһ£ͦġ
ڳϵֵĵɴ۾ԹԣѾͷʲôʱôˣ
ʫ±һ£ϱˣžֵڰĳţƺôҲû뵽Լᱻһֱ۸ĸ򣿣
һعʫֱĶ˹ܳҴң
ڿռСҲֻںϣûȳ׿ֱӰԴһģᣬһ֮ǰž֣ʫһʹ漴Դײαϣαãֵԣһ¡
͵͵ŵ
ʫըˣҲ֪СռֲãѡѸ˳ȥ󺰵ء⹫ң
յſڵϣԽԽһڵһӰŶԷĿ޺㵵ĻͷͼŲŻɫŵˣȻʫʫ
ЦţµҲɣ
ϣԽ
϶ˣ
ˣ
ϣԽ룬˵Ǽµģȴҵǵ۸ҵĺӣֱǵ죡
ʫŽȥһ䣬ܼκͳſڣ߿㣡


31  31 
ⳡ˵ûҲΪ
ʱ, ϣԽĸĸڼңԹ¥, Ҳû˭Ҳûš
ڲͬϣԽĸĸ, ϣԽĹùҲڣΪϵ״̬, ѹû뿪, ʱλŹ, Цɫˡ
һȺɳ, ɫûһ˿Ц⡣
һϣԽĹùһ, һֻڰųҭҭߵʫ, ϣԽĸĸɴ൱ûġ
ϵ
ӹܼκ, ǸνӣԭǰģĹȥ
סķӺܴ, ɳҲܴ, пŵλãֱ, үү
Ȼ£ɫǳ˳һǳ谮, ˵ʲô
һ㻹£, ˭㵨Ӵʫʫҹ£
˿, üǸֻǵʱʫҪִңҾͷһ¡
ĵͷŮ
ʫŵûУҾǿҪҪһÿҡ
һȻڣұߣߣҲÿѽÿҵģҲǷдҴˡ
ˣĿŮ涯ˣ
ʫӣǱĸԴҹģ˽۸˿ɲԣϾﻹҶһֱº󣬾㵱ϣԽ͸ĻԼٰ㲻˳ۣҲӲһ˿һ
ЩĸɸػǱ۸ķŭµǺˣ裬Ĵˣ۵ģ
űһɫӡӶûС
ˣԼŮָŮ࣬⻰ʲô˵ģ
ԴĻأΪҪץңǰ
ⲻûץ𣿡һŮҪǼܹʳǵӣҧҲݣҼʫʫҪ㣬ҲţŲҽϳң
ʱˣʫ˵һЦ
үүҲҪҸϳ𣿡
Ұ֣Ϊ˭ҼʫʫǸ
ʫ裬ҪԼƣңʹģ
áϵͷֶ˵ûУ
ִҡͷ˵ҲҪ۰ͰͿүү˵ѽ
ɫ䵭͸¶һֳͷβʧ㣬ôɲţҪɸˣʫʫСûģΪ۸
Ц˵Ķôûʰ
Ҫһֱ׽˵ԭ/е㣬Ļѿ
򴽣ƵүүҶ˵˰ȴҵģҲͱС꣬ѵҲܷҪүүǽ͵¶Ժɡ
ɫһͣ¶ִ㵡
ȻԼ˵Ҫȥ¶Ժ
ʫԼϣԽĸĸȴ۾һԣ֣߰ɣĹεİۼҿɲҪϣԽһƶˣ
֣Ҳոյ䵭Դǵ˻ߵģ
֣ѣ۸Ůأ
ݻ˻үү֪ǺúӣʫʫҲ֣ͨǵǸ¾͹ȥΣ
ɫ࣬ԼŮһǻˣȻǸܹȥǲ̫ҷ׵Ļֻܱ
ȴҡͷһߣүүȻҴûҲҪǸԺ۸ңһġ
ɫһڣȵ
ݵֱ־ҪаǶˣҲǸģǸԸ⣬Ҿֻ
һӭһֱǰ
ʱѸٳ˦˹ȥͬʱƵɳһŵóֻңҪˣ
Ͽɱȸոʹһ׵壬գȫ/ۣ۵ƨ/ɣǳһײڲ輸ϣˤڵϡ
۵֮ڵϣζŤˡ
ǾͱѾܻܼңҰϳȥûңû
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ܼκҪ֣ȴڴʱѸ죡
㵣û뵽ʱװֻҪŸ
ܼκѣͬû뵽ֹ˾Ȼ
ɫҲ࣬Żҵ¶һͰЦݣģҲߣʲôû£ùõ£үү
һֱֵϣԽĸɫ΢䣬û뵽ʱ򣬸׻άŮʲôԻҩ
ѵ֣
ʫҲɵˣû뵽ĸ׶ˣȻܵͷŭĵ⹫ô첲ˣ
ʲôˣĿ۲ĶӺͷŭŮԼŮŮүүȹһˣ
ʫɫһףŵöٿû뵽⹫ôںҪǱ֪ԼԸ£ǲǡ
ڵĿ
֪ӲܣִˣȻԿеֺ֮һעһһûע⣬Ͳʹˡ
Ȼһһ⣬עˣҺûˡ
ֻ110ȴûжΪûڹԭȻһݺӵȥүү
ֻǵ˵ġ
ۿ鷢չֻø̣úõСﲻϧǵһ²֪ά
ʱһĿⴥ̧˳¶һ޺Цݣʫֵ˹ȴأʫ¶ɻ󣬽
΢Уʫ֣ٽʱʫĿ־壬ѲԭĴĵ׺ԼСС
򴽣ڲ̽ѰĻᣬɵүүȥˡ
˻ֻŲ¥
¥ݿڣͼſǿϣԽ۸ϣһվֱһ΢أĲձ㼫信˧ƷҲãԭСϲڡ
ֻ·ֱӾʹĿ߹ϣԽżЦֶβ˵ôҸ飬ԭץסүү
üͷһ
ѽϣԽʼ磺֪ҲҪֵ֣Ҿ㣬ˣʫԣõԼϣүүҲûá
ЦҪ˵ٴΣԼѾ̬ˣһڱҲһôΪүүǿƽ飿
ϣԽͷЩŵĶ
Ѿһ뿪ص䣬оֻ𶯡
һ꺮ϢҸǰ˵ˣͬˣʦҲͷĩ࿴飬ʲôҾͳɣһʼÿѧֱȥŽѧ¥ĴϿΡ
ϲû뵽ôѸ٣
ֱǰóֻոտûĿշȥֳɵʦã˷ѣõģллô[ͼƬ]
ֺһϢAHһߡ
ֻһ仰Żһ£ոԺԴһˡ

ѧУ˼빤꺮յϢֻʦϣ㿴ԣǿˣҪҲר
ʦֻ֣㿪ͼƬһٿΨһһʾ⺢ӾѸ⣬۾ŵЦ棺ӴǸӣȷ֮ǰûѧ
û㲻꺮Ļһ䣬ڸոգѾ˼ҰΰѧĳɼóˣͲ鲻Ը˵ҵһҲԼ
ʦһƿ꣺ˣ߰ɣҵôӣҾͲˡ
꺮
Ƥ飬䵭͸¶Щˣˡ
*
û뵽ȻҲḵҼ̳żķ
ɴδĸߣֻһ޵ŮŮΪάϵ˫ϵȴڸȻıȲ
ķܴѹĿ֣ʲô˼˵Ҫ£𣿡
Ƥһ飬ңŮĿߣֲ̫֪ͣⳡףһй¶ȥ⣬֪ԼŮùĿɲһˣ
ĳĬԽ϶һ壬쳣Ų֪ʫߣȻ޳ȥŮóȥˮĶֲˣ
ʫޣߣ˾ˡ
ˣһƴŮϣʲô˼ֲӭǣ
Ŀ˳ԼŮܿŮָɣŮѿɫ͸¶һǸ⣺˵ʲôˣòĩס죿
Ը⶯
ֻ˵κʫʫ͵¥ȥϢ
С㣬ʫʫȥ¥ϢɣҲˣʫʫһΡκ
Ų鲻Ը¥Ҳǽ̨ס
ʫһԸߣҲߣŮߣֱܴ裡
Ҫ⣬ܸǰһҵСˣ
ĸŮ¥ˣһļžãڲŵ֣˵һԭ𣿡
軵ˣķΪ̳мҵǸڸӾҲ˽⸸ףҪֿжˣЩͲԸĹػֻͣڱˡ
ΪֻǰӣȻϲ⺢ӣҲϲӲͬȢ˵˵ѡ
һθ׾Ȼѡʵڲ˼飡
к֪ܶһ޴¡
ҲܽΪϵĸ׻óôһŮˡ
Ȼµһ㣬ڷƣȻô޴棬Ϊθ֮ǰ궼ʾһ£Ȼúöӣ
Ҫһ£ھ㸵ӲôҲܳΪһŮ϶浽
̾Ϣһüͷ΢ЩڣԼ֮ǰڷݣƼˣ⺢ӹǴвʲô
ʱƾţ֮ǰֺ֮ļһҵͻʵҵҲֲĻ
ƫƫںüֹ˾ʼˣµļ۸ŻݣкҲЩꡣ
˵Ҫ뵽ֺ֮һʱй¶˵ڸץסѱƵġ
ظ֤Ĳ²⣬ԼЭ
֪Ͷעһ㣬˱Ƽˡ
ЩڣŶԲߣϵ֪ͺãҪôࡣ
üҲûʡ
ɫ̫õƲƲ죬û˵Ҳǲˬģкܴ棬û׼ҪԼϱǸöඪ˰
үӷҪڶǰ̧ͷƫƫΪҵӣֻܱϲ϶ӱˣ
֪ʲô¸˵ʲô²˵
ԭΪһøһƤ飬ȻƽƽȥˣŮûֵã
һӶУ𾪣顣
û뵽үôϲ֮ǰûúöʧˣȲ֪ü
ϣڿʱյӶţ̺ˮԼһЩСʳͬʱǻ˵鲻Ҫ̫ˣʲô
Ȼ̶ܺãλһ˵ĵ̣ǳת̬ˡ
Ȼܣ籾˵ģ
úãһʣô
ԡ
ӶЦеĳȥ˿С￴ǹɵģûǳ
ųȥȴڿŵһ˲䣬㤵˿
ǰվһɫ̫õСŰɫ˯⣬ͷɢЩŮ
Ӷ˺һ/񣬡СС㡣
ʫ°ͣÿ


32  32 
Ӵ, ùѧϰأʫ۽߸߸ǰŮƳۿαǶӵЦ⡣
ͣ, תεķ, ָϣҲЦˣѽ, û취, ҳɼ, ʦⲼҵѵ
ʫɫ΢䣬һ, ۾, ҲҵģŲ⹫ϳȥ
һ, ҧŴû
ʫһЦ, ˵ôѱű˻УŸǼֱ׾, ȻҴң˭ĵӣס, ԺҾƵ
ȴĵΪʲôҪƵ
ʫΪǱģ͸, 㲻Ҳû£ִû, ͵͵үү˵㶪ˣ
ûϵ, ҿ, ñˡ˵
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Ӧòѽ
ʫ飬ģȻĿ϶˺öɣϾֱִɼҲãȻ⣿
Ȼɻҳɼܺð
ʫҧɼãһ㶼ã㲻ϲѧϰܱұС꣬ҵĿ
ִһᣡ
ʫ
࣬ܺ˳ģյǰ̵ְֽķôĴѹѾĳ˱ھȻܷ
˵㲻Ͳᣡ
ϼ
ʫ룬΢΢ɴڷָʱƽʱͬηηʵģ֮ǰⲻһ
ô£ʫʧ
΢΢һЦһЦѸһŲȵؿסӣһ͵̧ʫ
飡һһƨ/ɶˤϣʫǺ죬ܻҪȴǰ߹һ̧š
ʫҽһĴʧЧˣ֪Լ£Ҫˡ
Դµĸ𷴿ģҪ뿪䣬ȴ򷿼űʱţ˵ʱ䡣
ȻմŻûŤһۣһԼӽϣͽűķš
ڱ𣺡԰Сҵţڶˣֲи
ʫɫףϽϣûУС꼶Ŀ
˵ٶһۡ
һ£۵ˣĿɲ꼶ģ
ҲˣҲˣŹңءʫŵûֱ󾪳һ亹̲ס
ЦܲңʫôһСͻҡ
꺮ϵͻһʫȻʫİְ֣Ϲһpuaţpua
ԭϱӵļɷ򰮵ñʲôҪɷҪ͵ҵĻܣҲֺ֮ǣߵǸ˼ʻ
ȻʧˣϣԽϲǸŮ𴩵ģ˸ϲŮ
֮ҽǿ˻飬зȥ˼ʫҲŻʧȥɷ򣬼Ҫɱ
ʫǸŮøĸ飬ٰ㿴ϣϳңԭ³ǺЩ
ʫܿѧ˵㣬С͹һЩԭûѧĿԭ𲻳ԭԭ£˼/Уһɡ
Ҷܺã»˼˶ֱǵŮԴ˭Ľ
ƫƫֻԼ֪˶ĵ׵ĮһΪԼΣʫĳ֣о󻯣ΪԼŲϲ
ԽԱģΣȴĿʱĲˡ
ʫԭҲܿЦԭСѧĳɼǳãСʫԱȣ˵ȻĺӶȲֱʱԭɼһ㿪ʼ½ûˡ
֮ԭ裬˫ЧĳսռʱΪɼҪҺĳ˴ѣϲӢС
ǶμһδεԭΪȫԼΡ
ʵڴ֮ǰԭϲľѧѧϰϲ츳һͨСѧʱҪѧҵĻϹСѧչʾ
Ȼôʫ׻ǰ۵츳
ʫԽӺ£Ⱦܣ첽ϣű߽˰ס
ʫƵȫҷְֱ裡裡Ҫɱˣ
ʵͦܲסС
ܿŲ
*
֪һԼҲô˰ʫԴ̧ײȥ
飡һ£ʫʱоͷһ/ʹͷĿѣҽй󲻵Ӧڶ¡飡飡
ʫкţԽԽ޶޲ʷ·𱻶תεһֻĶѹĶħĿ־塣
̫ˣ
ֱħ
ſŮĶҲľսһĴţŵòУŮŪˡ
ûһ±һ¸ֱˣоԭͷԹɢһС֣֡
ʫˤڵϣľذˤȥ۵ޡ
ʱŴ򿪣ݳ֣ҪˣˣҴʫʫӶȲ㣡
һֽסץͷ֣סѸһš
ҽжֶһˣĲҽӼ
̧ȥĸŮһ
һŭĺ֣ʲô
̧ͼڳúŮǱӣƤֱǰŮҪΪҰ㣬޷ˣ
΢Ц壬ֻǱѣ֮ǰʫѧ˵PUAֶΣǡþPUAң
ڣ
±һ£ŤͷʣPUAô£
ãȻҡͷûаʲô߰ģҼʫʫôС
ʫ޿䣬ĸ˵ҲŵͷԣûаҾģ
ڿúŮתͷô˵
ûϵ¼Ŷ㲻ϣ¼֤ġ
ֻһ£¼ʼţдɳɳɳʫ֣һʼûһͿʼ˵֮գһʣĳϡ
ɫ΢䣬ؿ֪ˣʫʫˣǽ㣬Ҳˣ¼ɾˣ¾ô
ţѧûγԱȣ⣬㶫Ϊ֤ûãʫСҲܱʵûʲôá
Цŵͷð˵ɾ¼
ڽţ¼ɾ˿˵ѾϴƶˣԺʱΪ֤ݡ
Ц˵Ļȴˡ
ڳĬ
ǰźܹɵģôôѲ
򣬵Ҳ֪ܱƽˣ̾Ϣһתͷ𾪵ãû
磡ģŹ
ʫŵͷΪոյ¼飬ܶΣܸκ͸¶ߵ£ڱ¶ˣȫ˵
û㻹ôȴʫʫʮ𣿡
˵ôһһ뵽ʱװζԴǵģͱȥˣ˲ӬһģֻŻʹĸ첲޺ޡ
ڿãһѣ˴ȥתͷͽķ䣺֡
ڽոշ˵һ飬ķ¥˶ڶ¥Ҳֻת档
˵ü֣󵽵ʲôˣ
ڿüͷһ壺ԭʲô
ױܶɫ΢ʵʵش𣺡ӦǳӲˣ㡣
˵ҪߣһһֱֺǵĹŮ˵
ͬģɻ丵ˣȴɷҲ
۾ǰֽţŬ䣬Ѳֺ֮Ӵǲ԰ֺ֮ӣ֪ԲʲôûУôס
оӴ൥˼оϣȻҲȷ϶Էûʱʱ̿о󣬳׷ԸĹգԹһ
ǰʮ꣬ʱʱʱ̸ֺ֮̿˵£ӾˣԼҲæµϵļʱԽԽ
˰ӣ湦ĺܺã˭ĽܳΪŮ
ûȻ£ֺ֮Ǳȴ
һеĸıƺǴǸ绰ʼġ
Ȼһ˵ûз죬ûԽ
ɫˣҾǺ£Ѳ޸Խ
һЦⲻʱ仹˭Ҳ˵׼
ҡҡͷ֪ӶԸ¿϶ܸ͸һ⣺˵ʫʫ⺢ӴӺüǰʼѹ
Ҳ̫ţ֮ǰӦǳˣܽģӦþ֣⡭Ϊ磬Ǹø鲻ģȻȻĻһЩġ
һ˿ɫȥ̽һµʲôֻҪŪӣ˾ͺãҪǣҪ˺СǾͲÿ
á
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ڶú硣
ԭ̫ˣҪã͵óԺúȺûҪ
ⷽѾǳо飬˺ϢʱҲ˯ˣߵ㲻Ŷӳȥܲ
տʼǿȲ̫ĥĥʮӣһյĻϴ̶˳ĺ棬٣ȥܲˣ϶ûţͶʢһЩѽ
û⡣
ȷʵˣſӾͿԣһһڣÿյθ
Ҷ˿ʮ궼ĲСͶ̥Ƶġһָյʫò
ʳЦʫǻ밤𣿡
ʫɫһ䣬ݺݵĵң
Цݸ󣺡û㣬Ҹ𣿡
ʫһ챻ײͷʹڻţһҩŵҩζڱǼ⣬һ£ըëĹһ޺޵ȴٶ˵һ仰ֻ߷ߵĽӶϣ㰡Ҫˣһôֽô
Ӷ˸ϽӿٶȣҪ͹ȥ
ûƣҲȥᣬԡ
ʫɺޣܴɣŵʱңֻҪûˣ޷ȥ
һĶ࣬û꣬ԵٶԽԽʱȻ¡
죬ϣȥɢȻҸݺȲ裬ʮӲŻ鷿ʼżȥһ˹˾ڰ˵ӣӦòڼҡ
ºһЦôˣԲ¾Ͳԣõ˷ѣŻӲǲ̫á
ЦЦԣܲ˷ѾͲ˷ѡ
佱úӡ
ûͷ˿ԭθҲСҲԳҲûʲô
źۼĴİʫҪģ൱ڻӦõġ
ʵ鲻һԼǱȵù˵ġ
ε֮ǰүүûչ˺㣬֪ʫʫȻ£үүǸ
󷽵İ֣û˿⣬ЦûϵģүүѾʫͷײ˺öŶ~Ȼ󻹺ܿϧ˵طûѡãӦѡǽģǲۣŻ֪ѵȻ粻

⺢ˣȻ˵Ůò񫣿


33  33 
, ԽԽǲܷʹٲˬҲŬһ۰ĳװŭ⣺⺢, ʫʫĲ, ɴҲǲõģɲ֪𣿡
ͷһίĺķ
Ц, ϻº͵˵ʫʫò, Ҳ, ¾ʹ˽ᣬҪԺٷ, һҪүү˵֪үү㱻۸ģ
˵, Ų鲻Ըĵͷ֪ˡ
, Ʋ˵ûԽ, ǲǻ˯ţȥԷϲϿ϶Ҫ浽ҹˡ
ΪѵҲȥ, ùܼȥɡ
Ȼδ, ʲô
Ծһûأ
һ£ɺ, СǹİɣҪ˼ҲںЩ, һҵͽģ
ȴЩɬЦЦԲ, үү, ʵбϲ, Բǣˡ
ʵҲǸƯС, ЩƤ𪣬峺Ҳãȥ¶౥Ķͷ۾¶һЦ·ǣϲкǿǡ
㱵Ŀ·ʲôɫһѸٻָͰ㻹СƭˣԽ÷Ƕõĸ鰡
ЦүүڿЦɣԽһֱҲ˳ۣĸ鰡

޷ùעҲ֪ԼرǿȥδޣȻҪģǰƿأȴЩ
⻰һǺȻûôˬˣӦûʲôϲкֻܵˣ͵ǺӣһӲϲô˵÷ǱһЩ֪ϸҪöˣɲѽ
򴽣ЦŲشŲأֻϲ~
ҲûҪĻش𣬸̶ʱĶԻѾĿܣ˵Ҫ˵ģ¥ʱùܼκţȻ·ˡ
ֱɺޣ
Ҫǿֺ֮ϣһҪС֪ʲôڣ
¥ݹսǴϵپһ˿Ͱô꣬ģͷһ
Цϲӣ
Ͳˣ
ү첻Ҫȥ·Ը
áܼҵͷҲɻΪϲߣ
һŮϣԽ̫ˣ
Ϊˣϳ
*
ԱֳȥɢɢŻص䣬ʼѧϰ
ΪʫǵϰʧѧϰδʱȥҲ֪
ҲΪ֮ǰѧ⣬ֱʦߵŷ֡
ԭϲѧϰѧϰִŵϲһһյϲϣԽһ㡣
ʹٶҲ
ݳ֮ģѧϰʱרעķš
ԽרעѧҵδȡĳһĳɾͱԽףһ룬Һʫ͸ӿɺޡ
Ҫǣԭ˺õ츳Ҳڱˣ䵽ɱ
ѧϰң綼ȥԷ
£Ӷ˲ҵûȥԣӶ˾ͽˣϢһּѧľʵķš
ȵˣĳʱȥѯ꺮ȽϺãʱʱ鷳˼һᱻᷳġ
㣬ű졣
һʼûֱԽԽŻ˽
κ壺ү˼³ӰƬһ𿴡
ҡͷˣҪҵ
κЦһСʱүһҲģô㣬һ˹ĿӰ
˵ϣȻپֻܾţκȥ
ӳһ¥ģһС͵ĵӰԺаĦΣʳɳȵȣƽʱϣԽѹ档
ȥʱӰڷƫͷƹ谵Լɳиš
šǲһϣ˻ͷүү
һ㣿
ȻĲϣԽ
֪뿴ƿأһιˣ治ˡ
û˵ϣԽԽſҪţȴִ򲻿ˣɫ࣬пԣȻүүһ֣Сˡ
Ҳ֪ҲǱκйġ
͡ϣԽЦ㵱Ȼ֪үүĶ԰ɣΪֶξϲ㣿Ҳһ֪ӣסѾǼҵĶͣȻͼһ𣿡
Խ˵ԽüͷһšùһԵʳҹȥһֱţ
˵Ҳһ˵ŲҴ㣿
ϣԽǺ޴ܾʫʳҹٶȲ죬Ӧֽסһʳôͣ
˸ɳ£㿪ֻүүκҹӰģӰӦþͻῪţ֮Ҳٸ˵һ仰
˵ϣһ滭app򿪺㿪հ׵ҳ棬ָʣһ⻺Ļϣдͼִ΢ţ꺮
ҺǳãκʱܽûĿҲиǲ
ֻܿһ𶯡
һϢ֡
ţֻص滭棬ʼ⡣
ȻĿҲûӲվǵϣԽ˫ĿרעĻ
*
ΪǸƵϣԽЩ֪룬˵ݻ˵ˣƺһ㲻ںܴܲ˰ɣ
ŭǰǱƣɿӣƺ
Ĵ͸ıˡ
Сֺãʫùãҷ־Ҳ֪ģֻΪ漰óȥ
ѵҪԼˣ
ϣԽзϣֻҪ֮ǰΪ˺£̫ţôమĽŮ۸ɿڣ˵ˡ
λ£ѡǺԶĵط˸ˣõĿӰӽǷճ
ҲóֻҸϷ档
ӳûĻϲӰԹԵĲţŮ֣һһ߻⶯ˡ
ȴûһ̧ͷһۡ
ȴϷصʱϣԽ͵͵۲һ㷴ӦûУרעֻ
̲סһۣȴֻ档
˾Լ£š
ֱӰ룬ڶˡ
һֱŵϣԽľһּץסѱĸоȴ˼һ˸ƣֻ
ϣԽܾû䵽ʵ̲סڣı˺öࡣ
̧һּۣĻûп
ϣԽֱӵոУιô˵
۾ûһˡ
ϣԽδӹеǶ˵Щ϶ˣֻЩˬ⵽ԱߣҸ˵أû𣿡
ĺһ㣬˵˵ˣ֮󲻻ٸ˵һ仰鷳ҲҪ˵ˡ
ϣԽ
Ծĵɴˬʲô˼ǰ˵ҵģ
Ҳϲ㣬ʲôˡ
ϣԽҧ
ֻûо
޹ֻĻûʱȥĤֻԴĳĤܷ͵һܿüĻϵݡ
ɫҳдֺͷţָдһŴдʲôһС鿴壬ǳӾˣؼĻģ
ϣԽ̫Ϊ֪ⶼǰ⡣
ôѵĿ
ϣԽǵɼǳõģѲʫĹɼ½һеĺȴʳڣЩ⣿

ϣԽû˵׼˵Ȼشң
˵ڳд𣿡
ϣԽ
ţ֮ǰΪʫʫûã
ԡն
ϣԽ޷ţʫʫһӣôôңõĺôһ㡣
㲻Ҳû취Ҳû뵽ȻʵˣԭҲûз
ϣԽסֵһ£ʫʫҪĻߣ㲻úѧϰľ͸Ǹһ߶ˣ
ʷˣƫԴᣬϣԽʵҲͦɺ޵ģϱԭûаͬ飬Թ۸ˣ衣
һҲԭ£Ľ֮ķϣͣӽɵġ
ԭк⣬ȴΪ֪û˹涨һҪԳѵԮ֣ϱ͵͵ɱϣԽʱΣﲻ
˾Ͳʫһʹ
Ҫܻ֪ܲӮԸɴӣԺܹͿԶˡ
̬ϣԽУȴ飬ǰһ˵Ҿ֪ҪôװģҪô˵ʫPUAǼٵģ
΢ЦǼٵģΪʲôԿȴãеûµдӻὫŪˣ
ϣԽȣģȻע⣬Ҹ˵ûõģ˷ʱ䡣
Աˡ
ϣԽ״ǰɣ㻹Ҫװ𣿡
ֽһҹȥôţ治ˣ
ϣԽЦˣаϾ¿㿼꼶ǰһپͳɡ
עʲô
ϣԽӮˣԺҾƵҪҳͬһϣˣ˵ôɣܽ𣿡
룬˵ãҽܣӮˣԺҾ·ҲҪ˵ԶԣжԶԶòҪһռ䣡
ϣԽ
˼ĿŶԷʱӦóûȡĻ仹Ӯ֮ǰһ߼
㡪ϣԽտڡ
Ѿͷٸ˵ֱûꣿɣ
ϣԽʶԭȵɵȴˣ͸¶һ˿ί
ˣ
ˣ
ϣԽ޺ţ¿ɼӮǲնԼٲˣ
*
ӰȻӳſˡ
ʱûм⣬һߣҵھǣүүұСʱں
˵ʲô¸˵ҷйһ𣿡
һ״±ˣһʱͷӳʱϣԽ߳һ˧ȳһֿ쪣ȫʱŮϲӡ
Ϊһʮˣ֪ԼӶŮԻӭ깲һңȻ
ӣԽǲ۸ˣ
ϣԽ̯֣޹ûа
ֿ
ɫȴɲãĹģүүҪתƻ⣬û۸ңұСʱǽɣΪ
ǱľǿЦεҡͷúúãүүԣҪүүô
˼һ£Ȼ˵¼ʫģҿ϶ѹһ٣ʮˣܴ򡣡
㵣˵ʲô
ЦЦ˵Ҹôйŭѽүү뵽ˣҶ϶̹ЩˣҶġ
Ҫ¥ϣԽͣ£ͣǣ뿴һ鷢չ
΢У̽ĿǰŮ״ɰ˵Ļôôζأѵ汻ָˣ
̫ţҲ̽һ£˵ãҡ
һ䣺ɣ
Цҡͷᣬֻҡ
꣬Цݲһ˲תͷ輸ϵһӳڲŵĵӻҹȥ
۵۵һľڱӺ͵ӻײʱ
ϣԽһ״ζԸ֮󣬾Ȼô𣿣
µӶŵøϽܳһвǰ
ЦҲʾһ£Щˡ
ƫƫʱû꣬ˣ˳־һƿҹȥ࣬ҲӻǲϨĻɢһƬ
ǲǲһ֣ȴûͣǶְŵӻһǣһǽϵĳӻǡ顪졣
·ˣ
һͣһصĵӻк·Ȼ˴һȭʹң
ȴƬҳ棬ͷЦģ˵үүҶȻǸйĺ÷һŶ~
˵˸ƿҹȥƿǽ鿪һƬƬꡣ
ٴ͵һغЩˣż㣡⻨ƿ㡢㣡
ǮҲ˷ѵİ
Ȼѹô𣿡
ȿӶɳˣƺŸо̫ãίգۣ˵ҵѽ
ؿڣѣֱۣ̼Ŷͬ飬Ȼֶһ
۵
һ֡
ֺܽ಻׵λãƬɽɳˣ
һس͵һɫһף̲סˣؿڣɫҰ׼ٵĺܼңܼңҩ


34  34 
ɹһս͵ҽԺ
, кܶ˳ļĲѪѹ֮, ôһһšһ, ҩûȥ
, ȻѾӹңʲ, ԶԶȲźϣԽĴܶ¶ҪҲû, ֻ»Լԭ
£Ҷˡ
ĵܵһˣ˵ŮҽԺȫȥػ֮ˡ
ϣԽүүȥҽԺʱȽϿ죬ϣɴûȥ, ҡ
ֱӻһͨ󣬿ǽ, Ϣ
Ϣðο, 绰Ҳûһͨ, ȴæһ졣
Ϊϱûŵ£Ҫտ, ɷȥ, ֻع˾, æһ, ͶӻصңͿʹʰĿȫǵĿ
ԭƯװΪһͨڳֳָªĻۣԭȴװҲˣӻǽڿյġ
֪ڼʲôǰһڣͲݣŭ
ƫƫҪʱߵľһݵӰûаͣûаԼµ飬ţֱ̣¥
ֺ𲻳ˡ
еŭⶼǻɫһףӷţֻܵǲүүĥһҵģ
ϣԽûǲĸףֻǲ÷֮󣬾үүҲûֵãֹĥһң
ΪΨһеõôˣʱûٱڰţΪźۼĿţ͸ٳ˵ʲôˡ
ϣԽԸһ֣УǰҪ˳һ㡣
һסԺΪ·ͻȻһڹܼκչ£ʳ˶ѾöˣҽԺĵزû׼סԺ±¶ˡ
ƾżѶȻûõϢҲͨȷϢһʱҹƱ
ҵҽԺס˲죬ֻˡ
һʵʵˡ
һηû㡢Լסʱ޲ߡ
Ȼ̳˼ɵԴڵⶼӲߵĸǶ޴֡
ֲܴɣҲûգֻܼװһжûһº͵үү
ĵڶȥѧˣĴࡣ
ʽ࣬һȺһѧһѧϰ
ʦʦҲ࣬û뵽ԼѾȽȥˣ͸һЩϰ⣬̫ϧˣҿ飬֪ʶķǳ͸ϧϸȻһϡ
ҲźֵػѧѧѧѧҲһġ
ʦܸˣһЩֽ׶εϰ᣺һлҪԾΪ
Ÿʦİ⣬ϵѵϸߡ
е鼮̫࣬װ£ֻܷϡ
һڿ֮ǰǴԼȥģȻ˺Լ
Ҧ꺬һøвƱһԲۣȻѧʶʲôѲΪűѧԵģ
ѧ񣿡
ɻһ䣬꺮һ
Ҧ꺬ſڵŵݸ꣬ѧУѧ񰡣ÿο˦ڶʮ֣ʱѶȴ󣬲ӵʱһ˦˵ڶʮ֣ؼӳоͿʼμӰѾùιھĽΣֻԣǶѧ񡭡
˵Ҧ꺬ˣе˾Ǵûôѧȵվͷ
ȣۣ
Ҧ꺬οļ򣺡ѧһģôʱΪѧԣ϶ܱġ
ллʧЦ
ʱһŮȻһָۣЩ˰һϲǮδһ߻źѧҲ֪Ƥôô񣿡
Ҧ꺬ס˼Ŀˣδˡ
һЦԭӣץϣԽ鸡ľӲΡ
ϲϣԽһѧż΢˵㣬ԸҲҪһ˳żϣԽҲϣһߵѧ¥
˵ΪθϣԽߵôʱԸ۸ҲҪ˵δ޹ϵ˫ҳµģ
ΪȨʵϴȴֻǶ˺
ѾҪԼҲ̧ͷ˵һ䣺ҵûѣҲûδֻѧϰ²Ҫͷϡ
Ҧ꺬ȵŴ졣
ģŮʱϲĻعͷֻɵϷԼ
Ѿˡ˵Ŷȥ
ĻŮǵЦⶼƲסóֻžһ֪ͨڸ˭˵
˶ãϣԽУԺǳСѼһĸĻԼѾУ԰̳ϴˡ
ûϣԽУԡ
ÿѧ˯ȥɣٻȥָߵֻ߸˴ܣ˧ָ䣬պʮ߰СŮϲ꣬ѧУߡ
Ϊδ۸ҲֻϴˣֻϴǼ˸պײ
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һ꺮뿪
ʣôˣ
꺮̯֣Ϊѵʱ̫̣ʦȸ㿪С˵Ľ˵
СͷˣҪҸҽ̷Ѱɣ
ϵĽʶô˺ȱǮ
꺮ҲĲ²⣬ҽ̷ѣһ˼Цݣ͵ĿһۣǾȴ֮ˡ

Ҳûȴ
ЦˣҲȱǮֱӸתǧȥ㻨Ǯһֲŵˣ϶ꡣ
꺮£ԸоϢ߽࣬¥Ĵʱʦһ£٩Ǯ˰ôˣ
꺮ûü˵һʵ٩˼ҸŮһɲ𣿡
Ȼͼݺ͸ˡ
˸λ£Ϊ˱ŵˣǿǽģϿ֮ǰ½½ͬѧһҲܵ
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Ĳֻǿ츳
ܿ죬ʽʼϿΡ
ʦóһӷģ꺮УûУ˾͹һš
Ӿּ࣬ݡǶԵģ·һ׼𰸾
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Ȼͳһԣ
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ܳɻ
۵Եӣֻһӣһʽ֪Ƕ
רΡ
һڿʮӣ¿֮ϢʮӣֻϿΣͨѧѧʱʮ֣˰࣬ʮ֡
żҲҪѵټϿҵûϢʱ䡣
һڿ꣬ýζ޲ýЩԼһ飬Ҳ̫רעǻЩƣαϢ
ʦ˽ôûоܳ
ֱЦ˵ö˸һ΢Щѣû⡣
꺮һĵ˵ˮƽĺܿġ
ʦһۣôˣճһڿԻã
꺮죬˵ˡ
ʦһͰЦ⣺Ҫ˼⾡꺮ɼͦġ
ͷ֪ˡ
ʦ뿪ֱ󣬽Ų죬ӴҪû׼꺮
һϣֻҪܴƨ
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һ̱ˣʣ𣿡
ԡ꺮ͷһֻŪԡ
㵽ȱȱǮ
꺮ȱԼ׬Ǯڵ۶̫ˣ㿴ԾһĽѧģһǰƱˣڻҲû׬Ǯ

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ڵĿֻǰ壬һٳ嵽λǰ
ֻʱ䣬ܳѧϰͿ˵̫ˡ
ʱ꺮ȻԿƲ˵ûǮˣҲǶڣҪҪͶʣ֡
ЦЦĿ˭ģ
꺮أȻҾòٿˣҪǿˣҲ֣ô
ҪҦ꺬еѧҪΪƭӣ
ڶԷľĽԼǮҲԼģҲۣ˵ͷãûУõǮ
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һȥ͸ҪǮ˵Ǯã˵ϸʮת꺮Ϳʼͷѧϰ
ԼƶһϸϢ壬ǰѧУϿΣ˵ÿѧУſڵţѧϰʮ㣬ĩҪεġ
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Ҳ֮ǰ۸ԭеһԭֻϣԽĹϵˬˡ
һϧ䵭ĵͷԡ
һֱһû۸ԭˣԭǵöԷʲôҡ
ƫƫʱ
컹Ҫ¿֪¿Լܳɲɣ
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һͺͼһԭҲµϣһЦȴܺԥڶ콫ԭƵҺԺӾꡣ
ϣԽүүҵõܣүүȥĸ׾Ǯˣ̱з磬һֱչǡ
ǼҲȱǮĸΪƲϣĿȾҲС۸ϣԽҲһֱϣԽ
ΪʱԭҪһ𿴵ӰҪϣԽһ㣬ϣԽԸ⣬ͺԭȥԺƽȥˡ
һԭһݣ˼ͥҽһݵƿӴԭԹԵ·
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˻ϣԽһеĺƱˣ
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35  35 
ûɱˡ
ͨ¥¥V, мƽȻͣ£ʮ̨ԶԶֶϽţǸ첲һ¡
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֣񾪽һ
µףѾˣĸ٣ôˤ, һ̨ĥһΣĵطƤ, ôһ, ͸ˡ
֣ð, 㲻ҷġ
ƺһˤڵϣƤٴ⵽ش, ɱȵһ˸ʹ, ӶǺˣ
ϣԽڴʱ, Ѹٽ˿, һӾվˡ
Цè޺Ӽٴȱ
չգ¶һոպѧĲЦݣѧѽ
֮ǰӾص£ͥ˲ͬ/ŭſʣȴһ仰е˼
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ɫһ࣬ĵߵҵţ
ˣϣԽǳһɫ壬¥ȥҸҩ
ŵ磡Ҵ¥ˣҶˤˣ
ЦĿһۣת¥Լķ䣬û¶һ㺦¡
ԻˣŶûңôһжôİ
ϣԽүүֲõġ
ⲻûôô
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֪Ϊȥ԰ʱժһزˣǮںĶʲôɽ亣ζżҲԵʵġ
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ϣԽסһֱһȥѧУ
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ҧڲãҧûһۣɿ/궶˶һ̫ˣүүȥѵȴˣκ
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վڴڿọ̈̄˼µ߲ѡ
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ҪǳɹˣֱˤڵϣǾҪµġ
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ֵĶǲΪ˶æТģҿˣоࡣ
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翼ʽʼ֮ǰʱңŵſڣȻһϤס
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ԭˣϣԽǵѪùҧҧЩأԭҲ̣ȭ͵Ĵȥ
飡һȭͷײϣԽûһһͷǱĺʶҵһƺûε
ŵĻͷϻ/ʹⲢǻþϻرˮһֱӱˣ
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36  36 
, մҽԺӵѧУĵ绰ãǸͬѧļҳ𣿡
شһ䣺ǣǰ, ҪӰڳһ۰̬, ˵ԣүү
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ôһˣ۵һ亹ϴˡ
Сʱ󣬳Ҫ˿һĲˣԼһİ׷
һ߳ԣһֻѧУܱߵķԴ
ٲ£ȤûˣȥȻҼȻҪԭүү֮ǰǮʲôĻǵôҳ
һǴĻǮҪעһ£ܸ֮ǰһִˡ
ĥȻ΢Ϣ
ȥͼһϢϷ򵥵һĶĻ¹ȥˣʮʮby꺮
۾΢佱ѧ鴫ѽ~
꺮ûãӯҪǼҴ
㴦ɡ
꺮ok
ݵ꣬ЦҡҡͷӣѧУķӻͦģ˹ûë
۸ȫ⡣
¿֮ĩڶȥ˵Ҫȥⷿӵ£ҪྫѧϰϣһȥһأҲҪ˷Ѷʮӣż³Ҫ
⻰ûоܾ˿Цñ֮ǰװģĺͰҪࣺѧϰǺ£ȻԣүүٸǮʲô´绰ͺá
Ҫˣ
ٲߣʱܾļա
װ֪ϣԼҪٻ߸˵ĵͷѽллүү
Ǯ֣Ͳ˳ĳš
ϳʱֻʹתʾ
ʮ
룡
״ζԭôֱʣǸˡ
*
һѸ٣˵ҪȥҵһܹܽҾȫҵҲܲĸߵСһ˽һĩͰȥˡ
Ҳ֣˰æκæá
˻عѾʧ
ͬһô꣬ĴڸǿңסԺƱµ֪٣ûع߷塣
ŵĸŮٹʻõǶӰ
ϣԽԴ֮󣬾ȥżס绰ҲӣҪȷȷʵżң˶ˡ
ɼŮ
ʧ磬ڷע⵽ˡ
Ǹ˵ģǰһ׵͸¶֪󣬸¥鷿ھ˵£֣ʱ뿪ʲôɣ
ܸˣԴӸ뿪оǰδеɣߵЦ⣺Ϊɵֺ֮ȷʵʱ޶࣬ǰ̽ϵˡ
һ̲ס֣㲻˵Ҫϵ𣿡
Ƴ˶һۣƺ侲ʮˣҪһʼûϵɣô꣬㹻Σ˵ֻ˵ԼͷȥҽԺôˡ
˿ԹⲻǱġ
Ҫүүôãڻ˽
˵ģ֪ô׾ͲţһʼǣúöǸС
̫׼ˡ
һƺ˵⣬һϵͺɣҲҽԺȻûü˵䣬ò˶٣Ҹ˵ǺӸˣҪٳһѣѧУķӣֻ˵ãһû룬Ҳû룡
ϧһǾø뿪˷ˡ
һôûڹ
ڸϽҡͷҪֻͣһ£ֻǼõģ֪Ķݣ˻ʱϵ
ֹס𱸶ӵĻͷϻ㿪ֻͿһţͬѧҳãĺӸͬѧ·¿ɼѾʿԵ¼ѧУѯġ༶εڶ꼶εʮ
סѸԶһٿȴֻǸ֣
֮ǰʫֳ£ʱδ·ϣаԸʫ׽ˡ
ϸˣʱûʫǰPUAҪȥѣ
ŵȸ߿ɼҪֺ֮ţҪ绰ȥϲء
ֿǲţ͡ˣ
Ļϻһǰ·ݵĳɼϢ֣ǵһһ۾ܼܷ֡
һϴǲҿˣ
Ҫģһүүţ
ȻоȷʱҪʹˣ


37  37 
ཡཡĴͨ绰ʾʱ, Щš
ڹڸϣ˽˺ü񱻶ĳ
Ϊһ, ΪЦ滢, ˭ŶѺãЩΪһ, ЦһȾƺȵθѪҲܴ˷Ƣ
Ǹ⣬ͺƮ˵⡣
صȴ, ԺﻹǼֺ, ֺֻּڡ
Ϊүֺ֮񰮣
õ츳ԼϲŮҲϲֺ֮Ȼ͸һ츳ǿŮ
δɹֲԣԸ֪, ϸǿƫƫ²òֺˣ棬ľ͸ǿˣҶĺֻڱ涼˵¡
ѧУ࿼ȫ, ׵Ķᱻ۹з
ѧУϢҳ, Ǿȷϵ, ƾȷ̫, ԭ㷢Ϣ, ŵֻ
һؿڻƵʹԹѧУ㷢Ȼסˣ
ʱ绰Ȼͨһɤ֣үү
Цݣѽոʦ¿ɼ
ƺܾȵѽҶ˸ʦ˵һ¸ϵˣѹûյϢүү鷳㽫תһ°ɡ
ȻӦ£˵⺢ӣʲôϵ˰үү໤ˣܻ㿼ôô֮ǰүү˵һѧֱӻүүףһ¡
Цˣүүµ绰ϵͺãףѾյˡ
Цݲ䣬Ǹүүԣ֮ǰүү˵ˣôͼˣүүѧҪѧϰ϶æҪүү尢̣аԽһȥǣףɣ
ˣүүһҪѧϰͲ˵ˣټ˵绰ҶϣûеӦ
ǡཡȴ˺ܶ࣬ЩĻţϽֻԶ㣬ֲ룬óĻŵҩˡ
˹˺üӣˣﻹǱƣָӵǻＤȴû⣡
ãһ㿪һûмֻţѡ༭ϢճոյϢ͹ȥִ֣Ҿ˵ῪϵİɣƣɼһӾȥˣʦŸҷϢϧǺѧϰͷ̫㣬˵ףҪ

ĳҽԺ
һͷϡڲϣʹţɫܼ˫Щǣнľһ㡣
ϣҲŲʮ꣬ͷĳϵıȽϿ죬ҲȽ΢
ֻˣ߻𣬴򿪺
ҪһԼģ鷳ˣ쵼ٻиչҲԸ⡣
ˣֻ˴ͣһݣһ£ȻЦ˵˵ŮɼãӢ¸УɼѾǳˣҪǺúû׼ܸһ
ֺ֮ȴסˣһ飡
죬˵꣬˵ʲô𣿡
ֺ֮üͷӢ¸ûпܳɼˣ
ʧЦ͵ܣ֪ģڽѧϷǳϽģҸӵڶ࣬˲ǮӲǹõģʡǱߣ˼ͷԼҺӽȥŪĴ󣿡
ֺ֮һҰ΢оԵĴ궼Ĺۿ΢΢ˡ
ŮĶˣ֪ΪԼˣ
Ҳܷˡ
ʮǰ⣬ûѡϢƣǼо񻯣Ҳûڡ
ֱ˵쵼ҵ˵Ӵߵĺӣ˵ӴźӺļˣһʡݣȻҲҵΪһƥˡ
ϱϱ˫лŮ
ʱſʼڣֻоѾһ룬Ҫģϵϣܹ֮ǰһо
оսҲֱ͸ңҪӪҵȻܸһģ»ʽҲǵʱڱȲ˵ġ
ԭڳɣΪ˷ʱȥףŮĳȴı⡣
оˣ˵һ޴Ĵֺ֮ٿŮƬȥ
Ҳضͯչˣ£ԥţһͬ˺Ľס
ԸһʱΪʺͨоɹֻҪԼŮģиҾͺá
ҼҴҵչˣܱȸһ¼ҹ˵Ҫá
Ϊһ飬껹ֺ֮ȹͬ⣬˵Ц̸˵׿Լˡ
ֺ֮δͬ⣬׻ǳˡ
ȥӻӣҸΪ˱Լģÿܻ㱨
ֺ֮Ҳûֻ˵ģȻоӸӵô֪ʣҲ֪Ѳ⣬ԼҲȥ顣
긴һ꣬ÿε鵽Ľǲġ
ҶŮܺãÿ»ר·ֿʽУϵѧУҲԼһר͡
Ҳ˵ѵĺӣԼδĳϱʹ˱ͣҲᷴ
ǺȻʧȥ˫ףܴһʼǵһӣۿűݣ΢һ㣬ǲ⡣
ЩһֻŮԼ˵ģŶȾ͸ˡ
Ůĺܺãֺ֮ļͶоУ֮õϢĴͿʼ١
ʱ޶࣬Ҫ콫ɹԵܷŮϵʱ͸ˣҲʱҴŮԭ
û㹻ľһоһչŮ
Ůɼֺ֮ڹעΪŸʱῴһ£ǸѧߣҲŮо·ӣû׼һݼһ棬Ů곤ɼԽԽ
ڳɼȻЩʧ䣬ҲˣΨһǹҵľδ
ȻҶܺãάϵҲҿ϶Լһá
ֺ֮ҵŮ£δκ˵쵼Լ֪˶֪
ĴоһƢŹֵͷӲ̸˽˼ȫо
Ψǰ죬ܲסˣסڲǿ޷оʱ䷴һ㣬ոһŮ£֪֮ǰóĬһУ԰ﱻ۸
Ǹû˼Ǻⷽ⣬۸ŮļŮҲתԺˣŮ˿ʼÿ壬Ҳһֺõı仯
ֺ֮Ҳû뵽·Ҳܹ۸ˣ϶û˵ŵڲŷ֡
ֺܸˣ֪ҪˣһֱŮ壬ڲõˣסԺסñ֮ǰĸԸһ㣬Ҳʱû֪ԭŹ¹ѵˣиŮڣֻ£δ
ǲ⣬ʵôں⺢ӣΪʲôֱӴߣ
ǳչֺ֮֮ǰֻǸһԼҩʱ˻˵
ֺ֮һЦҡͷûʸ񡣡
ûʸҪһͥٽڼһȿܾǺü²Ӱż绰һоʲôǵˣչһʧȥ˫׵ĺӣ
Ͻοû£Ҳһ⺢һͺ㣬Ҫú壬û׼ԺҲоϾôõĻڡ
⻰˵ֺ֮Ŀˣʹ֪о׵£ͷЩΣѹҲȥ˼ڴҪҾö
ڶѧиϵΪеһպй£Ҳѡ
ڻûйµʱ
Ĺϵ˫棬ֻҪûŮͲᱻ۸
ȻҲʶ࣬ЦǿɺãҪҪڸ˵
ֺ֮ϽҡͷɲɣһžͲˣо͵ʵѧĿ˵
һԿģģûٶ˵ˣֺ֮ɲʲô˵ͷҲŮ²Ծ˵㣬Ƴֺ֮ϵϲãȺţҪٺȵ㣿
ֺ֮ͷã鷳ˡ
Ҫһ㣬һŮҪоܽ˴
ϲʤ鷳鷳


38  38 
ɴľܾ, 绰ûٴ
˼ӣ·ɧ˵¡
һֻһʾ, һ, һϢڸո, ճõпһ
Ǯ
˵úѧϰùҪʲôһ֧֡
̲סЦˣû뵽Լ, ̬תô, ǡһרΪõֺ֮أ
ΰɣ
ûиκλӦֱӹֻѧϰ
ʮžԤֻаµʱ䣬Ȼ, һЩʦľӣʱ̫̣ЩûӴˢⷶΧ
һŬǰ¡
ڼѧ߿ˣѧУ·һ롣
׽Ҳǳȡ
ѧУУſ, ʦɡڳԱ, ˹֣, ȥ
ϳ, ͸оһϮ, ˶ˣЦŸѾͬѧкҪλ£ƫĵطðһԴ꺮𣺡
㵣첽ȥԱߣʵôˣ
꺮ޱ飺ϳˣұˡ
ۣ͵Ц
꺮ɨ䣺ܺЦ
ûŬЦıﲻס䣬һһʣЦÿƲס
֮ǰһûʦҪȥ꺮ϿιǽԣͻܸһһڿΣżͷˣǰȥϳ´Ӳ˵ʲô
꺮ʵڿƲסҲйˣҲƣһº˧˼
Цˣ˵ʲô
꺮̾ϢԹĿһۣƳŵһ˿ˮ⣬Ѹٱ˵ҵ㣬ҵıûˣϳ˵óˣϵʦûҵ֣ҳһȥˡ

⻹
꺮ȴЦһϳ¹ģûˣﲻˣڳűðɡ
䴽ûйɡ
ǲǹֻϳ֪
꺮˵ˣҹˡ
οļ򣺡ˣúÿһ׬ǮѧУѧɲ١
꺮ίϳ¾˵ģһҿˣо·ݵʮһµCMO
ڼ䣬ѵʱջ˵̫ˣҲûսˡ
ȻҲԣʵ꺮ȥѾμӹһΣһֱǵһ˵Ѿûʲôսˣûսû㹻ջ񣬾˷ѵĸо
Ŭæ⣺㿼ԵʱҪдɡ
ȻЩԲʦڴõļʱֹķ
꺮һҴӲˣһһɡ
ͣ
꺮һЦͷ˵Ҳͣ
*
ѧУڵĳС
һӳİ¥ͷȷϣһ
ͷԣ⡣
ϣԽЩŵһ̤ⶰ¥ΪûŽһ˳ʱѸȥ
ݻԽԽţЩá
ϣԽҲû뵽Լôһ죬һܣ͸ңʱģһ㶼۾Ų
оԣǲԼ֪׷ıӰʱ͸ӻˡ
ȻǵһζģΪһʮ꣬оζʲô֪ġ
ϣԽԸԼѵŮģΪֱӴӼ뿪żס˰¡
ѧУһܿ
һͣżǻ᲻СƳԼĲ̫ˣùҫĿ󷽷Цǳǳģǡô᲻ŲĿ⡣
ۺ˭վһϣԽһϳĸ
˼˵ĲٳһȺǰǰؽңͬУˡ
ϣԽ˰£ԼöԼˡ
ôηη𣿣
Ҫ޷ԼĵǸһǱʱˡ
ϣԽԼѵϲײеŮˣ
˰£̲סȥһУȻܸܿĲϲԼǻԼʵڵģ˶Ĭδ޵Ĺϵ
ţȴңҲòǲȵġ
ϲԼһΣеڶεġ
ֻǵϣԽѧĳֱӿߣʣû
ôˣ
ƵĻͷСү㻹֪ѽСȥⷿˣסңò
˵͵͵ңҺüﻹһҪѧģȻԼҪʧҵˡ
ϣԽʱɫͱˣȻȥˣȥķ俴ȥ¥գµĶһдδĶطƺûĺۼ
ҴСż۸񲻷ƵĶŪˣ÷ǳãסô꣬ɺ£Ӷʱɨ͵ı
һߣ·ֱնߵϵ
ϣԽⲻþ֮һշת࣬ⲻ֪֪סĵطõ𰸺ˡ
ûүү͸ĸΪ֪ǶϣԼ͸ǣǶԵġ
үү»ԼܴǾ͸úúö棬ľǾֲ
Ŵ򿪡
¥㵽ˡ
ϣԽҵ¥㣬ŽյĴţһ̧š
һ£ûж
ϣԽ˿ʱ䣬ŵˣĲر磬Ӧ˰ɣ£ζ֮ǰ
ɺ޶
ϣԽʼòԾˣԭԺķ绨ѩ𽥱Ů۸ռݣԽӴš
顱¥Ϊھ޴󣬸ڶˣŴ򿪣鷳С
ϣԽǸǸ֪סȥ𣿡
ھҡҡͷ֪û
ϣԽϣûţ˯ˣֻûˣҪĵ绰֮ǰɾˣֻѡ绰
绰һͨϣԽͽ˵ˡ
Ҳˣ𼱣͸绰
ϣԽͷ˵绰֮ȻʶʲôʱүүԸôˣ
ֽŲٵģǷĵġ
*
ȷʵţȻ׸ʱһѺã֮ǰɱ΢̬̫ģ֪ǰʱڻΪ˷йôıֹ˾뿪ܴҵһС
Ǯȥ岻ʱ绰ȥػԷ
⺢ҲģºҽһĹϵδҵȨ˻ϣԽ
һͶʣ츳ֺ֮ԻΪź·һټƽ϶ǰһ㲻졣
Ⲣ£
һ£֮ǰͶʾһ˷ˣ
Ѹٲ˸εĵ绰Ҫ֪ʲôʱʧģԭɵİȴ֪ѽ˰Ԥʱ䣬Ŵʦμӱˡ
ʹȴʱ£һ֪ʲôиǾˡ
ɼŬߵģɲ̶ʱߵģĳ̶ֳϻҪжѧ츳
Цѽ⺢̫ˣû˵һѽǰǰĳʦֵģϧû㷢֣Ҳ֣Ҫ㷢֣û׼һμˡ

ĸһһʱ䲻֪Ǹø˸ԼиţǸüֺ֮Ŵ
ˣȴǿܻͬһЦһУ
ҧûԼ˵ʱ˵Ļ󣬲Ц˵⺢Ӱǰ˵ҪרѧڣҾ͸ѧУԱߵС˷ӣƽʱʹ绰ϵû뵽μӰ˶Ǹ˵һɰҵĿ
εǺأ춢鱾ˣѧͿˣǸ˵ԣٴ绰ú˵ڵĺӶǿ
֪֪˵Ȼû£ᣬϸ˸ѧУ꣬һƬȡ
ӵмõ츳㹻ɡŬĺӣɳָտɴ
˵绰͸ϣԽȥõģȥμӰˡ
ϣԽ¶ͬȣôܣ
ЦСˣ츳ѧУĳʦ䣬һȽ
ϣԽɫ˱䣬ȹȴûĸˣһˮ
μӰˣǾ˵֮ǰһУ˵Ķģװ
ԼѾˣӮˣעԺԶܿҪͬһ
ܴعȥϣԽ뽫ȥԼһ٣ڿɺãӣʲôȥ
ϣԽɫһ΢΢ף֪ôػ
ˣҲ⣬٩Ҽǵһôģôһȥ
ϣԽ˵ֺ˺죬εĲ˼ش
Ϊﲻ֪Цүү֧㣬ʮүүգҲ㸸ĸʮգ׼һ밢ĶһϲΣ
ϣԽ΢һ˿ϣͷá
*
УһȺУ궼ġ
ԿýƣֻȥϢ
Ҳһ˳ʦк󣬾ֱⷿӵĵطȥ
ʦɤͲҪˢˣúϢԺúȺãο϶û⣬Ҹ׼һĿ
áԹԵͷӻ֡
·óֻöδӵ绰ģĨȥֿδϢ㿪ġ
ԽȥⷿӵĵطûҵΪˣŵøҴ绰ڷȥμӾҲûүү˵һҺүү֪ʦ绰˸үүظ绰
ºͣǸŮүү
һТ˳Ůûص绰
˳ϢʹԿˣҪԵ˺Լ
Ȼصķӣϴ裬պõţĵ绰ˡ
ǲµʱ˻Ըص绰
ͨϣһ߳һһûһĻӦ
ǰϡϡȰ̬Ȱˣ˵ʮүүգҲ尢̵Ľ£μӰɣ
̵ǱˣҾð̲ϲң϶ҳϣǶɨ˰
ЦһЦЦ˵ô᣿㰢һˣ԰Խòȥ
͵˵ЦأƲңԼ֪ǱˣҲټЩˡ
˵˵û취ֻܽԼĿ˵ʵүүһϲͰԽиԼ𣿶ôˣϳˣԼʱһ£֮
ü飿үүǲŪˣ
ܰ˵ǻԼҺүүһģԽҲͬˣǺӰ׺ߣʵϲ㻹˼˵һᣬ˵á
𣿡ζĸһ䣺֮ǰ˵ˣҪԼ
ĻԼûһھֱܾϷ˵⺢ϲô꣬ŮӶظ飬Ҫɲôף˵Ӷˡ
ЦЦû
ǱߵĶµǲ˼֮ǰӾ⸱Ӧʱ㣺үүţһٰʢޱȣ
үүҳԷأȹˡһ㣬˵⻰Ҷϡ
šཡʾһȴظһƫͷͿƲںʵŶĴӣ΢΢һЦˣûзԡ
ϣԽ̲ס־ԵùУŬţ֪ˣһ£Ȼط䡣
ɳ񼤶û;ѧ֮ǰӣֳɳһķغ󣬿¥ϣһȥ
ģĵĿ
Һϲϸˣ򿴼ô棬ѡ


39  39 
ͬ
ȻûС
ʱ䣡
ʮ·ݲʮһٵʱ, պҪúϢ
ڶ磬˭˭ȥ
ûͬ⡣
, Ԥɼ, ڵʮ, 꺮ڵһ, Ԥȫʡʵı, μڶ࣬ǰʮԲμһѡΡ
ڴδѧҽӴʱô̵˵õʮĳɼ, Ѿǳɫˡ
ʦϲɫɼʱֵˣʮѧнʮ˽, ˵ö࣡
ȻԼһѸεİ, ؼˢȡʱõһȽ
, ڴ绰֮, ÿ춼Ҫ绰ˣ֮ǰƵܶ࣬һʼӦֱӿģʽ
Ȼʹκů
ȻνҽԺѾ, ԭ׵ͷڶ̶ʱȫ, Ϊ, ĵ롣
Ϊ˼ҵ屾Ͳô
ԽΣҽܰ㲻ֻͨ۲ܸоҲѡԭ
ǽݣЦʮòл󣬾Ϳʼ͹ʳ
ĴĿ佱ڵ࣬˵һӣҪæѧϰҪչԼ̫˷ʱ䣬ó̹չɣ
̾ǸԭϵܺõǸ
Цŵͷð
ͷ̹Լĺ⣬ǶҵĸӦûôˣӻ֡
κӰóһ̯ǰһЩȽϳʦԱǵƷ㿴ϲַ񡣡
˿װɻ󣺡Ҫʲô
ЦеȻΪĶ׼ģ£Ҫú׼
ҲЦ˵ѽʹԺҪ޸ˣ
֪ԤˣҲôʱѧϰܱȵù˼ôʱѧϰͷһȣͷȻˣҿųģԺһˣʲôã
ȴһҡͷҪҪҾͦõģ޵ңԹϱϵѴģͲϲңԺ̿϶Ҹֲ˳ۣû׼ҪңйùһңˣҲˣһˣûţð
ŭһۣڵ˭ңģүүأ
죬Сȴüˣû׼Ҽ˾ͽˣôѽ

˱ſЦⲻүү𣿡
ȣϲ֮鰡֮ǰ¶ҽԺξͳˡ

ԴȥѾһµӣû뵽Ŷ̶̼仰Ŀֿʼˣɫ̲סѿ
Ǯʲô
Ȼ޷ԼŬҸݳˣ
Ų
ܶƢ£󾢶ģʲô£аԽأ
ЦҲŲţܴ/һȸҿ
ؿڣˣԼ˵ȥҪѪˣκĽҩ͵ٵˮ
ҩ΢һ㣬ɫѾ΢΢ףƣӶһЩȻǸٵڣĺܺá
ƣ̾Ϣ֪Ϊ֮ǰ㰢̺ùᣬԽ֮ǰҲȷʵһЩв˽黳ģһ֪ʵУҵһӣ
ƣɳƣָϣͣἰĹؼ۶ǡҡ
Ҫ֪ĵİ࣬û׼Ҫҡһ£ԭĪһԼļҡ
Ҳûõ
Ϊ£ͣ/
ǳҪ
޹գۣ˵үүˣҵĻڱǣ鷳˸͹¡
⣿
Ѫѹ
ԼͼȾһûҡˣ˻ڱ
/˼£Ӳάס˱ЦŵͷãþκԸ͹
Целлүү
ͷȲת뿪κϴŵһ˲䣬·˺ü꣬˾ˡ
૵ͦƿصһСôڱôͷ
κ岻ҿڣҲ֮һ
ҪļǺЩˣǲŹ
ֻǱԸã˶ҲֻǱ棬Ｘ֣۸ˣϿο䣬ɿ¾͹ȥˣ⺢Զ/еĲҪϢ˵Ϊ֮Э
룬ôίҪһ³ͼı棬Ǻˡ
ԼŸ֪ݵζʲô
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¥鷿δŭĺ¶ȻܣҲͬ⣡
ʱһһŮԼԵżӣܵһˣȫ鷿˺ֱܶ࣬ӽԭ鷿΢Щơ
ڸո˻ʮ·ݵϣʽΪϣԽ͸˶顣
ȷɫѿľܾ£ںϣԽӣԼҳ϶ǲͬ
ΪŮܲ㿪ڣ֪ԼΪ¶ˣֻǸһɫ˵ԣҲͬ⣡֣ҪԼӶôҲ/ɣ⺢ӿҴɩǧģ
ĵϱҲ˵ѽӣҲûҪֱӾͶɣ
ϱҲƲСҪԼ˺ϣԽף
˵ҷˣЩǶֲˡ
ɫһװַŭӣû˵֪ͨǣ
ɫףҧô˵ҲĳҶϱ
ϱƲƲ죬û˵ֻĲչ¶
ͬйţϴεþʳһ죬Դ绰ֺ壬ǸŽãȻøϣԽ飬ⲻٴδ
ӼҺͰģԽҲͬˣͲ˵
³ԾĿӣȴӰջһ˿ɫԵģĺݺݳȥģЦ˵أԭү˶ˣǽʲô
˷׷׵ѽʲô
£ǣ֣ҲܣҪֶϱǲͬģҶҴû꣡
ºһЦ˵ǹŻһǺͰ֮ᣬ⺢Ӵô꣬̾һ£Ǹ⣺ûչ˺ҲˣˣǾ͵õǸ
ԭ˿з׷²αԼˣ˭֪˭һ仰ˣǸ
ܣʲôңҪѵ𣿡
ѽôҲûΣô
ЦŰ塭ҲǸ滰һʲôȥģдϣûһԳԺȺȣһġ
ط˵ˣ׵⻰˼Ҫŵľɡ
ϴ˫ϵôǸľֻԼˣ
ֽűݶڲǼ޳ȥٲӣΪһϱȻŮǸ
ȻֱסͷͼʫۿԼ
裬ҲǸҲҪʫſǻС˵
Ҳۣģ費Ǹģ
ǣŮ֣תͷҪɷ뿪ȴոջʾԼɷҡͷߣȻ˵ҪǸǾ͵Ǹɡ
ϹһҪˣһӣȻҪһԼСǸֱܴ裡
΢УĿһۡ
ίĿ
һЦѹ֪㲻ˣѾˣǾֻӣҪǰˣԺͲҴС㣬ʲôã
⻰һڷУȫû˵ע⣬ΨʫڶעŸ׵һһ
ĺܺãһʼϣҪԼҳǺܺõģԷԣ˭֪ͨ飬Ѿı䲻ˣǾҪ󻯡
ɷһ仰л֣̿ʹٲʣͷίͷû뿪
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ʫԹԵְ֣֪ˡ
һЦ~ְϲˣ
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ΨһҧɿڵĻǺ£Ϊں͸ദˣȻˣΪϣԽĸףһһָĻ㹻øһ졣
Ʋϱ͸ⲻ˳ۣҲԸͬ⣬˶Ӧˣɿڣͺۣ鷿˿ɫŹ֣ͬ飬Ҳֻ
ɫһƬ࣬ɷҲڵôҪ˶۸٣
ȻǡЦҡͷţֻҪ̫ѿû¡
ɫźЩ֪죬಻ڡ
͹ˡھùˣ
ս˶еΪ층˵ĻĽ黳ǶܵίȻǵǸίеطй˾͹ˡ
ͷóֻ绰ͣ˳һҵݣˣһж˵
Ϊ˱˶Ļӭ⿪
绰ͨ˵䣬˸к
ЦĽˣЦͨ绰ҲܴˣЦ˵ǾͶȥ㡣
ȴܾˣǸүүҺæģûʱ䣬ҪǸƵǸɣģѾúúõӭǵǸ⡣

ЦˣҲ룡
ˣЦ̣ҵȻˣϾүүҳ˵үүߺд˸˱ȥǿ˼ʣ͸ҾϹΣҾǿԭˡ
ձըˣϹҿǷˣ
䵭УϹ¹ɣļͷͳɣ
ˣ
ֱķۣ޺޵ĵ򡪡ܻĺҪʲô찡ؿɺãֶһˣ


40  40 
ļ˸˱, һԭļ䣬ҿʼһ, ֻҪûгĨȥģ
˭䳰ȷ˵һ, һ¡
˭, Ҳһʡ
ȥ, ľʫϣԽ, ȻΪףԶԶˣΪԭȴԹһ, ˿˵ûϵĳһֵ棬С
˾ͱ뾴ְͬ, Ǿ͵úúš
˱Աʽȥģġ
, һֱ̼ķ
ˣ
ֲȱϱ
ôü׵
ϣԽ˱Ҳɫ, ԭһഺȶȲ, ֪ԭôɺޡ
һʱüõүЩ
鷿ȻҶ˵, ȻֱҪͷ, Ҳ, ֵģͷѣ޺޵Ľˤȥұ죡
˽ֵĿ
ʹ̫Ѩƣȥɣˡ
һû׳ɳСҪЭ˵زάűĺгͺá
˿ԭôҪ󣬻ΪҪͷǸãзִ硣
һο磬Խôȴϱż
ɵĲȥµĲѾͷȷʵ޷ˣҶϱɲüլ
Ҿˣ¡
˵һæĸǣڡ
һȥ¥ա
ϣԽɫȥµ׻۶ӣȥοڻСԺ󻹲֪ɫ/ɫˣ϶бϲġ
ϣԽ˳ǣǿǳЦһ£֪衣
ʵҶֻﻹǲô̹
һζģô˵ϲͲϲģ
ûжҲǸǶģ޳ܳļƻԲ˱һ˵
˱ŪͦõģԺ󡭡
ЦЦˢ⡣
ܿ죬߶ٵ
Ĭ϶Ҫһʱģһµٱ̵ʮ죬ʣµʱ䶼ǲεġ
ڳסţΪģҪεʱ͸ˡ
տڲǸͶ£ǷҵЩżδ绰Ȱ˵
ȥҲû취ܲǿн˴ȥ
ֲ֮ǰôɣ͵óһˣֻܷΡ
һֱߺţʱ䡣
ʡα뿼ǰлȥӪҲȫ
һǰҲȣȵǰ
һοԹȫ磬ʮ࣬ѶȱϴҪܶࡣ
ӽܹĵĸϰⲻ˵ҪһЩȴصĳϣͼİͬѧɫףͷ亹
صһѾҪˡ
ʦ
ʦ̾Ϣһһи壬öͬѧûע⵽ĵע⵽𣿡
ĵͷ
ʦһЦ
ʱһݸߵӰ̫ţ뱻ɹӿ첽ԾϳУһĨϵĺˮӹʦһ壬ע⵽û
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꺮̫ˣȥ˱
˵УڴͳСݸһ԰ɡ
ллӹСģĴȴһĨ¶ȣ𣬺˼á
꺮죺лʲô
뵽˵ڶμʱӣٵǲлǮ
꺮Ưһ۶ʱԲȿеЦ⣬йˣȥҪ͸ɣ顣
󡣡̾ȴûĸǮ
꺮˿СЦһ£β΢΢䵭ɫ˼ᡣ
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һָֻ
Դ·¿·Ϊٽĩû¿ģֱĩԣɼֱӷֻϣϴ˶ʮ
Ȳ³󣬾ĩֻһ¿
һ䣬Ŀ¹Ҫǰһ㡣
Ϊ߶ĩĿԣ·ְ࣬ͽص࣬ǺϣԽڵİ༶Զ
ԭѧ˻żһοѧһζû
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У̨֣ܿ佱õ֤Լ𣬼ʮŮ⼸µĵͶԲһЩƤҲǲĲ԰ף֮¶ĸ첲Ƥǡ
ǳˣ洦ɼβ裬ƯȴһȺӱ
ϣԽԭվڶβϤ֣ʶȥõĿ̨ϱ֮ǰӾ޵Ůԭͻδ׷ٶȲֵ
Уܸ˵ŻͲԣͬѧǣͬѧڸ߶ѧڿʼŬѧϰԼĳɼڶ̶ʱǻõĺóɼԴȫʡȥμȫԸǣʲôʱŬǲģ
ⲻʶͬѧѧȫȻٳڶ࣬ǻ͸ˡ
ϣԽ˵ģԺͻУոյĻٿ֤顢ĶȻһԱ
Ϊ֮ӣֵһУʱȻЩԲ
ʱһ̨
꺮ͬѧġУ˵꣬ϤͬѧѾæڣһ
УûסЦԣǵһ
̨ûȥΪʡһУҪһգͬѧĬĺ򴽡
һ
ŵ
˽꺮òǳЦֿһ㣬ƫͷԱߵ˻ĺ
飡
ȫ󣬻н
Ӣ¸ΪеľӢѧУӲȱǮⷽһ󷽡
ЦݣŰɣ´Ҿͽ
꺮ĿԴ
˵Ļ̨µҲУЦЦδ룬ֻ˹ϵ϶ܲǰ
ԶԶŵϣԽУȴ
ǰĸڵһΪ˲ô飬ЩƧҵǶʱ䣬ٸ˵Ц
ȻṫȻ̨Ϻһüȥ
ϣԽҧҧദһƬɬĵƿĿ⣬ʡһϾҪȥȫˣ̶ʱĽ̫ˡ
Ҫүү֪顭ҲǲԵģ԰ɣ
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ΪԼҿܾʱάαıгֱֺ֮һС
Щģʡһɼ죬ٴνӵĵ绰֮ǰһ̸ֱܶĵǸˣٶ
¹̫ˣǶˣҲǳֱӵǸɣº֮ͣǰһû飬ȻĽ֮ǰĻ˵
Ҳ֪¹򲻿ܣû㹻˶ϣʱǹǵ졣
ȻЩҾȻԸӦ˵Ҫ󣬲ֲԿ
ϼƽϣ˵ѽүүأҶˡ
ЦһֱأҲ֪˶ԸӵǸ֪ԼòҲ˼үүڸ˼빤
Цǿаɣʲôʱ򣿡
ڣǶˡ
Цѽүү׼׼Ƶ绰
úáͷ
ʮͨƵ绰ͷͳҵĳ鷿һȺΧɳǣм䣬Զ˶С
ҲɳǣţɳϣͷͬЩԶе̬չ¶ɣӻ֣ԱȾͷǱߵˣЦݲãɣǸ
ͨƵһ棬һֱĲ鲻Ը˾Ѿ
ʫĿˣֱţ⹫㿴
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ȻȻ鶼ѾߵһϣԽҪģԼҲڴģ
ڵתͷֻ֤еǸ˳󣬵Ǹʽʼ
Ƶṩ˱ٵȿʼʵ۸ԭĲ࣬Լ֪Լ£һʵĴƼңһ鷳صң΢һ˶
Ծзصģͷ΢һԭ
е˴δԭ˵
⼸ǲڽЩеġ
һǸܵСӣԭõʳҲôһΣʱڴѹȵУǺǸԲ𣡡
ȻҪϹ
ôһԼôϵŮǸڶǰ߳ıҲǳѸдżַܣ˵ˡ
ûйƽϣ˱ѾùϸⷽƽҲûҪ
еһУջǻҸۡ
ֻȡϢԭܵһеõһǸ⣬Ǹľһʹ
ûֹ˵뿪һЩȿµɫ΢һ㣬ڶǰǸ˾΢һЩ
Բ𣡡
һǸһϹ˳ԽԽ࣬ǸǾܳȥ
ԽԽ١
ֱֵ
ɷ򲢲ΪһαװˣС͵ԭʵӡͦõģҲԭϱܽ¼ԭ
ǰѾֻһЦûУ߳ܶҪ΢õ㣬ɰͰ͵Բ𣡡
ȻǵˣһδξϹ
ܶˣ
оԼȫ·ڻ￾һΨһоοɷԼһᱻġ
ͬʱÿһ£ԹһϣԽ
۰ֶӣھͶ
ΪҪԼҪ裡
ʮϹظˣŮ
պһʫ
ĸˣֱӵ޳̫ۡˣ
˿ͷ˵һλ֮û˵ڣҾñȲ㡣
ʫһ٣Լ£ٿžͷԼϹʮεĸۡһٴαޡ
̫ˣ
ĺˣ
֮ǰˣҲֻǶԸޣΨһĺԼûְܸһ޷
߶Ŀüͷ΢壺ǸҲޡ
ʫ޵ó鴤£һѱһĿҪĥһ£ʫʫ
⹫Ǿ֮ǰα۸Ҹ鷳£Ĩ˰ᣬҭҭԡԲ𣡡
ȻҪٶȽʮϹ
ôô࣬һŪģ
Ĵǰ˶࣬ʱҲĿǰġ
ʫˣû޵øˣһ߿һ߾Ϲֱ˶Ĩ˰ᡣ
ʫĵǸĿߡ
˿̫ˡ
ʫ֮󣬾ϣԽˡ
ϵģߵͷǰžͷ࣬ﶼ͸¶һ棺Բ֮ǰˡ
һֱûΪ˵Ǹһ˵ˣ
ϣԽ΢һ㲻˵Ҵڵ㣬㲻ϲ㣬Ҳøò
Ц£˵ûһ㣬ö»ԼԼһʮĺӣȨ𣿡
ϣԽļһᣬҡҡͷûУ
û˵ʾ⣬Լ
ϣԽ򴽣ľϹһ£ÿһǾʮȣȾϹʱ·Ѿȥ˺ܳЦݣ¾ȥˣ𣿡
ÿɷЦЦ
ϣԽ΢һ˿ڴĿүүתȥ


41  41 
̾Ϣ, ʧˡ
Ϊ¸ȴʵǸסӣرʧ, ˿ʮˣֻҪ԰Խ, Լ, ˭ס˭һ
, ҪǸ, ΪԺе
ǸţɶԱҴĽǮλɻᶯģȻô˵ұʵҵҲƸôꣿ
ֻҪԭԺͣӵбĸࡣ
߽Ļ, ǫʹݴżֿɬЦݣүүҲԲ㣬үүǸˣүүʶʱڸ˴򹤱ƭ, Ҫ˵ʱǮûүү, ܶû˵ҾͲ֪, Ҳ֪ԭôί
Ц, Դ¶һĨĺ棺ֻû𣿡
ܵһ˿仯ûУȻȻүүǲôί, ֪үүһֱ, ԽĳɼҶɹ, Ψģÿ¶ῴʦ绰
ЦЦϧ㳤ˣҪүүˣ֮ǰĩɼһ˰أʦ绰ôûҷɼ˵ˣҲ֪ԭ㻻˺롣
ƣôõһ˰
һƺԭԣ˭㲻˵ģһˣ㲻˵֪ί
㿴ô㣬ϧԼ飡
һЦԭүүô۰ѽ˵ÿβ
ϵЦݣһ£ͷЩŹ֣գһۣٿǵЦݻǰ̣þ˵ÿô׸ðա
ĮȻʵÿʮϣֻǻż죬Ǽ·ͻðÿζͥҽ룬㿪ģͲǵˣ۰ҵı֣
ЩЩҵĺˮڱըڲôˣļǲãʹˡ
ԭʹ˰ǲ۾ҲϹˣЦʡ
Щյ
ûҶ۾ϹǰŮҲܿûίŶ㻹ֹϹұŮʱȵһֻŮں죻üϹ𣿣
ۼɫԽѿЦˣ㲻˵Լʲô֪𣿷Ƥµ㶼֪ôأҼαˣ
Ȼöһαôһͨ죬ŭƫƫȵŭؿڷۣ־ؿڵ·ֶŲסˣҪ޺޵ĵȴûֻһ˵㣡㣡
˵ʵ̵˵үүո˵ƭǮϰҪľǮĶ飬ңôģ˵۰ң
˵Ϣһ£˿׼õˮɤӣЦе֪ΪʲôԹȺαĵǸΪҪ¼񰡣˵¼ҪǷŵϣǹ˾ƱǲҪͣˣ
ⷴƽֻͣҪųһϢֻһⷽ棬̫˵㡣
һƵȫģɵǸʱǲδָգȥˣֻҪϣٹһ£ˮҾƣò죬¾ͻʧӰ
ģֻһǮ
۵ȴЩ⣬ȻжӰ죬ɶһȥֺ֮Ʊػ֪ʹٿ죬Ȼڣܻкߣͷ顣
ֺ֪֮ˣԼڴ˼ʻļûϷˡ
Ҳ֪һ㣬ǼװһţҪ԰ɣҪңҾͷȥѣ㲻ע⣬û׼һ˶Ҫˣ
ü͵һʹӾ磬־ŭͺң
ĻشǹҵƵûһ˿
һˣʲôףӸıһ̿ʼҾû
һʱڵóӶˣΪڼĻӳݣ﷢˻Ƶ˼
Сģӵİʡһ£һʱͷǰ棬Ȼһ㡣
Ƶǿ¼ģ
˾ⱲӵѪ˼ʻڱصãҪûˣⷽӴį˵ֺ֮չڿнĵλպרޱȣ
ƫƫϼȽ׬ǮҵҪļ֧֡
ԺＱٷźһ뵽δǣһƬЧӦ絶౾͸ɹأٿסǰһƬɫҪ¡
ŲԵκ忪ŽͿһĻŵøεѣѸǰ˷ţ죬
ϴҽ˵ˣѾܲˣúţٳ£ܾ͵һֱҽԺˣ
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죬סԺϢѾڲƾϡ
ϹƱٶµһֱӵͣ
һסԺ˽²ʱܶжʼܼܲ֡
΢˶֪ڹϣʹ֧£˾ÿԼٷ֮ٶһֵǧڵĹ˾˵ʧɹۡ
й˾ֵ˵͵ģʽ˵ķ棬·һġ
˿ʼţʱʱ;߻ϴ׬һʣҲºܶûз
ԺΣĲˣһڲãϣԽûɣҲ֪Ǹʲôӣҩ衣
ȻҲˣҽϴξ֪ڱε£ǹѾй˴룬Ϊ˽뿪ңµȲᡣ
Σ׼ĵΣҲʽ˺
֮ǰһֱûУڵȴһʵĻᣬ磬ԭֹۣһɼôá಻ôáδɼƽСҪ˺ǵĵֻǺֺ֮Ĺϵ
ٵߵڰһ£ԽԼװܺߣΪ䱩ǿġ
Ӷ˶ǩ˱Э顢ѵģҲΪ˵ңǶҪΪծ
һţһ˷˶ȴڶ̶̼ʱţδһƬƬǣſͬһҵҸֺ֮
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жȫж̰ġ
εĵǸ֮⣬֮Уһˣ̰޵ߡ
ΪĿǰڵ棬δ棬ѡЭ
ֻԤһ֪Լк̨СǲѡôĿɽ
ﻹôϲֻ꣬Ҫͷͻδ
־΢ֺ֪ĵСŮܾͻͷɣСϲʱʲôҪ
ֻǣͬʱԭҲ֪һУԸ⣿
ϲҲûˡ
ʱûз񶨣ֻǸһ¶ʱһƫ
ֻһˢ£ƾֶһϴʼܲɷá
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ǸƬҪڲϣЦţȻɫôã񻹲ԿӦûкܳһʱԻš
ֻע⵽ƬϽиĵͼϸ۲ɫ/԰дżϣϸǿˡ
Ӧúܲˣٸһ̼ƾ͵סicu
˴ʱ϶Ϸأ̼ܵǡϳ¡
ЦĿĻոպãߵһ
ٶһû˼ˡ
һ㣬ֲ
ʱֻһͼƬ϶ðһѣ㿪꺮һĵһȫһЩ⡣
꺮ǸcmoѣѶ൱㿴ǶԴ𰸡
ֹصոյ棬ֵôͻȻʼŬˣ
֮ǰ꺮Уʹ֮أóʦ޲ýˣԺܹ᲻á
ΪҪŷң㱻̭úóɡ
˭֪ϵ棬֮Ҫˢ⡣
꺮û취ڱ׷͸ϣ´ξͱµһˣֻŬ
һˣҵʱԺ󣺡㻹ҷѽ
˼
ЦٴδĵĿһһⳭڲݸֽϣۿƯּһ׵Ĳݸֽɾ͸ҲԽԽ
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Ҳ࣬רˢѧˡ
ΪѧУܶҳǳǮϵཻ߽֯ԼϣԽܶСϲ͸ĸһȥμӣͻҫһ¡
ΪϣԽǰδ޵Ĵڣǲ̽ڷ磬ȥȥϣԽϲ
ֱ˵˲ȥСǸ˷ˡ
ҺʮһСٺܿ͵ˡ
ԭļƻϢ죬ʦ˵иʦʡ߶ȼ٣Էλǳѧҡ
ʦʹ꺮ȥΡ
Ҫ϶ݣֻ΢һ㣬ҲոһյˢӺá
Ȩһ£ͬˡ
Сûˣһµ֪ʶ
Ƚˣλڻ᣺úӣǾѧϵȻڲѧˣҪǿȥһԴġ
һҪѡѽ
꺮Ƕԣ˼ͷŽڣ˼Ҵѧѧ
Ž㵣ѧôõ츳ôѧ
һЦʵ츳ҲֻΪˣ޷һѧʦ˵ѧҲҪѧԾѧѧѧ
ŽźҰ죺׼󣿡
ҡͷѧ
Žϵźʱʧѧ־Ͳһ㣬ѧ߶࣬ѧģ඼ֱΪо̾С￴Ȼ־򣬺ã
ЦЦŽϷɻ
ʮһʮһµCMOҲǶӪӡ
һڴ˻ۣʱѡʮˡ
ʮˣεĲͬɲͬѧУıͳɾ͡
꺮ڳʦĴμӿԣտʼýţȻ񣬾ͷʱȥˣѾ˹ɼʱ
ͭơȫ꣬ʼʱûԼ֣üͷ΢΢
һʶŮЦͲõ϶ǰ
ͭƣʮ㣺Ҿܱͭ;ͺá
ллЦЦЩţŵε׶٣ܴܲﵽĿꡣ
֣ѫ佱ŻͲΡ
ʱҵ
˰ʣһ͵ڶȷԼֻ֪ǵһǵڶ
ʱЦȽ⣬λͬѧеһûеڶ
˾ȣĽ
꺮һۣ꺮ȳһĴָ̾ͱѹˡ
䴽³һ߾˺֣꺮
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ΪеһˣȻһϵиУŵѡŹѧ
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ʹֱǩЭ顣
һû˹Ƶģͼ꺮ٴ˾룬ɻ󣺡㲻ȥ
꺮ɫ뵱ԡ
ЦˣĿͨĶϻ֣Уֱȥ˼Ұɡ
Ȼֵܾˡ
ͬѧǰѧУϵȽ⣬ҪߣϵȥϵСñֱԱüͷһƣôμ

֮ǰǿѡϲϵ
û뵽ѧϵҪߣ
С𣺡Ĳѽ
Աҡҡͷԡ
̾꺮ǩһ·ֻȻˣŽڵ绰٣ʱǲ˼ǲǲԸҪȥϵģ
ͷԣû뵽һ硣
ŽڴЦҵʱҲǱո˵˵һӴĲѧѧ
ˣһȥѧֵ
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ϲ֮ɫûӿϣͱע
࣬һԭˡ
ˣ
оǻЩԭڴݼүүһ̡
΢΢һЦллŽڣ


42  42 
ΪҪϵ, Ҫٴʱ䡣
Ͼڲʮһ¡
ΪѾõģѧҲҪ, ľǽѧãԼרע
ʱԣ, ĲҲʼٴ
һȺʢѧÿһʱܵʳŶ򷹣ѧ˺ͼúõСԼһȥСƷĩżһ·
żҲϣԽ
ԴǴ֮, ͼ˾͸ˣѧͷ̫Ρ
ÿϣԽһԼɫԼ, Ī, ҲԽᡣ
ʱٶȴ֮ǰӿ٣һˮ, ڼ, ѧµĻ١
ûãʦҡͷ, ٶͳһ㾺ˮ׼, רŵʦ̡
༶ΣƽʱΡϿΡҵѧ, ̵̫, ˵һָ
ǳ, ŽͦϲģͺƤѯŽڡ
Ǳߺܿһϵеϰһ΢źţвľʦͺá
ϺѣǮΪҪİ϶һԷʮ飬շѣֻ˵úѧ
һһĹȥյĿԽԽѣһ죬˸ȥ󣬵õһظ
Ϊʦģ㿪һȴһº͵
ؿԭԺ޷ǡ
Ƕġ
ԵĵĿҪһ㣬ʱҲӡ
Ҳûظ𣬵ȴдˣĸշȥȻɻش𣺡ллʦʦ𣿡
ѹʦô飬֪Լδȥ£
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ĺ΢ţܿõͨһ޴ļ
˺һŴ򿪣Ǹָ⣬Ƿˡ
֮⣬ಢδϵʦ㡣
Ŀ꣬͵ʱѾڶ·ݡ
ֵõĿĲ˵ѧҲܺãȤǰѧУиСĿҪóѧѧ
ͳɹѾҪμӸ߿ҲԲϿΣֻҪڸбҵʱμһ¾ͿԣǰǰѧУʦ
⻰ȻȤˣѧĽڣѧУʦҲᷴԵģ֣Ȼ룬ʲôʱҿ϶
ҸѧУʦϵһ£㻹δ꣬ҪõѧУ׿ϡ
õġ
öһʱ꺮˵ˣ֮ǰ֣ѧͬҲƲ϶֣żǻһѧϰ
꺮Դʮ֧֣ãϧûϵңȻҲȥ
ĵĸһͿʼΪ׼
ѧʡܱ߲УΪиѧУΧǱȽϷⷿӵҲܶࡣ
ΪһõʮĽټ֮ǰҸЩͷǮֱ࣬Ƶнæѡ˸һҾȫѧУҲǳķӡ
ǰ󲻹һܣѧУҲãֱӻǮ˹ȥ
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Ŷԡ
ΪԷ֪ݣĺء
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ۣСʦСʦˣ
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ʵֲƯԸɵС˭ϲʮֱӵĶ඼̲ס˼䣬ʦʦչ˺
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ҪˣõȳԷʱ
Ϊʱ򣬾ͻ˽ϳʵңԷԱܻ
ʦСײˡлع⡣ཫзϣһһó
ϱģǳλʦͷͲͷ鷳
ϢǶͣϢ͡
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ŷŲ˳ԡ
һԣ٣һҲܹԣЦһѾˣ
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˻ֺ֮۾ҲԸƧ˺ܶͽܣ᲻˷˲ţҲ뵽ԼŮ
Ҳһѧϰǿĺӡ
þûעŮϢˣÿͳԷʱпգﶼŸոյʵ飬ƽʱ˵ĻҲȤΨ䡣
֪Լӣ뿪һ仰˵ΣŮҵҲֻܰкѣԼľǸһõĻûԼøá
ֺ֮ţóֻ׾ĽһѸϢֻϣһһ֮ҵԼϢȻһ㣬Ϣ˿ġ
ϣŮĳɼԽԽˣ⼸¿ǰôûµģ
ֺ֮ɻոͷֻӦǱ߽һ绰ýţ˵ˣôˣ
˯ʵʲôչһ𣿡
üͷЩԼѧ̫չ˼СˣǺһ˴ʡҲûչˡ
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ֻ˼Ŀʦ͵˵Ǹӣǹ¶һ˴ʡǰʱʮ꣬ҾʦʦǶչˣչ˲ˣһȺоħһúðϧ塣
һ˵꣬ȴԽԽСʦģʦôˣǲﲻ
ֺ֮æգһۣۿһƬɬһ͵͵ۿ䣬մʪ˿ӡ
£ѹֵļһһո˵ʲô˵һΣ
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ʦ𼱣˵˭⣬ܲ˵ģ㣡లο֡
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֪Լ⣬ȻȥҲֺ֣֮ѧ/˲֪ʦΪ̫˼ң£Ըź˵°ɣ
ͷϹ˽Ҳ޳ʦġ
ֺ֮ЦһźӸļޣжϵҲú֪ûһεĸףԭΪⱲӾôȥˣǰ쵼ҵŮ
ͷһ²Ӧ飬˿һʱԭʦŮô˵
ֺ֮ɫࣺûȥʦ˵ģҲʺмͥҸ˸ͥĺѡ
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ΪһӦ£ȴɫŹдżŭ⡣
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ʲôֺ֮ɫ䣬ŭʧĿһʱ뵽۸ĳ
㱨ģ˴ģܺð


43  43 
ΪŶСֹһͨ鷳С, ֮ʮʵңųĴڡ
ζʳҼӲͣ
һŮȻһ, ʲôҪæСﻹƤ, ˼˵
Ϊԭ룬˷츳ͬʱһĿ, ԭүүǰ¶һС
˵ͻ󷽷Ľһн
ģ֪ԭǹ¶
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Խ˽Ĺ, ʵҵʦʦǾԽ, ؽҡϼ
żʦҲǶྵʱ˵Сʦãͻһ, ϣʦܸС
ϾҪĻ, Ҳڵô꣬һſʼո¶ͷǡ
һ, û, úú, ѧУ츳ȻԴĳɾ;Աڸ
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ԭ˵Ϊүү֮ھ֮滹һ/ĽǮף
ĲһĶˣ
ֺ֮Щˣʱʳ˺٣˵һ㶼ᱻʱֺ֮ȴĵطԼʧ̬绰²ȥ
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ֺ֮ԽԽףֱ
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֪ԭˣ
ȵ㺦ӴûҪݣ
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һۣڲԼĿڱ߿ޱߺүүˣүүˡ
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ǵģԭֺ֮
Ϊˣһг㣬Ǻõģ⣬Բޣȴû취٣Թ
ֺ֮УоҪĶԶԣ߲ܼʱʶͥʱ̣ϣܳ׽ɹзŮǱҲźˣõġ
һ覵ˣڹҡˣԵо󲿷ֶ޳ȸңǹҸĹʣҲǷǳͨġ
ֻӣʺϵһиŮӵɷųױģ˶ӵգ뿪
Ȼԭܵһʵʵڵġ
޷ôһΪ׵ˣԹֺ֮ûһүүı֣һĺݵĻˡ
Скᣬɫᶨдż־ǿ򵥼֣֮⣬ȴ֮С
඼һΪ֮ǶҺ޵
˶٣Żʱ̣ɱǣΪͻȻˣΪͻȻ֪Լƽ˶ίޡʧȥǶ
ֺ֮ݺᣬͷԹүүԣ
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үϣûжڴִ࿴ۣӵ
ڸʽͳĬ
ֺ֮ǿƣ壬ϸϸѯ⼸
ûж˵Ҫֺ֮һ䣬һ˱һƵ͹ȥʶ˶ԭʲôЩôȥû˼۲£ֻƲܴ
ֻϧԭΪô꣬㵼һ٣ˣûбٳɣֺ֮һԭϱӵ³
Ѿֺ֮ߺ󣬱
˱һ㿴Ůյңһֱ뿪֮ǰǶʱ䣬ǳϸ
պϣԽ棬Է˵δޣ͸߰°ͣһǰֱԣӣԶ㣡
ֺ֮ķŮʲôӣ
۰Ͱͬ⣬Ҫչ˺õĺӣ
ǿͷ˵棬ٴֱԣ㲻ģж¾͹ˣҪҳδǲܵģİɣ
ٳһ㣬ɼΪʫòãĶϱ˵Ժ㲻ҪȥˣҶˣ
ÿһʹ֣Ҳĺһ㡣
ٵƵһûĿ꣬Ȼ֪Ůΰ쵽ģЩǸûһ˿ڸģֻգ͸ˡ
ȥû˻¼û֤ݣƵЩ˵ĵǸȴ֤˵һжģ
ҵĸĬԣηηһɼѧҪǮȥ
һֺ֮ĸƯɡ̶ʱһ·ϰһ
ŮϧͶ˲ŵϧһֺ֮ôܲʣ
屾Ͳãûûģ䣬͸ͬһֱӽ˼ҡ
ûȻãҲڱ̼һ£ֱˣĲֲಡ
ԭҲô̼ȷֺ֮ĳܷΧġ
Ϊ飬ֺ֮ΨһѪףȴһֻȥԹŻ޷ʧ
Ϊ󣬾ͬһֺ֮ˣԭ󣬺޵׺ڻҲûĶүүһԹޣΪˣٶԹҲûá
һˣϣֺ֮úûţȥܵʹֲܻ࣬Թ
ͻԻһʵ٣ƣֻûأǵò
ԭС־ѧңŴΪ׵ˣֺ֮պǶӵо޴׵ģܻȥͷоȥҲá
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ҳĵϣҵҩţζãʳãֺ֮кܺõĵܡ
εǰɫ䵭Ȱɡ
ֺ֪֮飬һɫͲźۼŤһ£ǶŮĿǷҲҶ˵һ䣬һڿڶˣ˾ʹߴȥϢ
ȥɣңһúչʦġ˵
ͷ뿪Ҳûչֺ֮úûԭҵĴ𸴣ΪһŮչ
෴ֺ֮ˣҲ
һ겻ԭ
ԭڴֻڴһ̡
ֺ֮ĿŮֱıӰʧڲţһЦۺɭȻ뽫ҵģû
ͷʦһ
ֺ֮Կοϵһ½ڡ֣ڡ
˵һ֣ȫڸҵӵвƳɹˣհ죬ܿһҵ壬ʼ֡
ֺ֮һʼͯ꣬ʱ䶼׸˿ҵʵǺܵģΪѾѡ
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Ķӣüͷ°ƽʱһ㣬պϢȹһ¶ӡ
ţܿõһģ
ΪῴһǷϵͨϷĶӣ˭֪Žȥֻû棬ޱĿ컨壬Ժ̱ڴϣһʬʬ塣
ȥĶӸ첲Ƿʲô£
״̬ǰʼʱסԺϹƱͷæµ޷ˣһֱ΢ɣۿŶƺء
ϣԽڸ׻صģټʵ뷢йһ£Ѳ˵Ÿȴԣڴͷ˵ֱ֣֮ӱˡ
֪ѧڿЦһæҲԭ
һи˵֮Ҳֺ֪֮ĸУҲǹѧкöѧǹѧģ˭֪᲻ϣҪŸֺ֮ûʱȡ˼ʻרһЩרȡ
ȺԼöֺ֮ʲô޼¡
ϣԽ̾ϢΪѾˣǰʱͻȻûѧΪϣǰ֪ϣǱѧĽڽйȥǰѧϰˣ
ԽԽ蹵ʱЩԱˡ
Ϊ֮ӣ״Ա͸ƣǶǸ
˵⣬ȴģԭĥôοӣѾǰѧ£ɫɲǾͲˡ
亹ӶͷðڽȷѾȥ˹ѧ
ȷϣԽͷȥδʦʦоˣѧУʦĽ
ĳ£һȦȦþòƽ
Ҫˣ


44  44 
ֺ֮æµ鲢δ˵
Ҳ֪
ԭ, ޷ĺֺ֮ΪһమүÿһٵҩţҲࡣ
ֺ֮ˡ
Ҳæ, ʦʦоѾβˣĲˣҲûпʱ䡣
Ⱥò׽оʱѾ·ݡ
߿¼ȡ֪ͨҲ
ѧУ֪ͨ, ˾ߣУſڣϣԽ
ĬĬƿȴԼߣҲƶſڡ
ÿ
ϣԽɫ΢, ƺԼ߳ܣûжĿ, ˵ûп𣿡
żֹ, ˷
Լôԭģ
ȻҪٺһ
ϣԽ˳ǣЩŵ˵ǰôϲģܲһϲûаɣ֪ǰҲãڶˡ
ȻЦ, ƯĴ/깴, , 崿ˡ
ôһЦ, ϣԽ˵ȥֱĿš
Ҳûֱ˵ǽʦ֪ͨ򿪣˵Һæÿ
ûжĻûͬϣԽԴһԴ衣
ֻǽ֪ͨչ¶ѧ֡
ϣԽо·˰ǹһ㣬գܸ߳б
ˡ
ԼѾ䲻ˡ
ӣǻңҵģҵģҪԼδޣֱǶ衣
ֻһ㽫裬ˡ
ϣԽ޷ֱ׳ľãǿӦöҸж£ڣмһ˵̬ȣάƵĴѹҲֻɫѿҧۣŬάķȣ֪ˣټ
ת뿪Ϊ˻΢һ㡣
ȴѸԽԼ·һ⳵ǣ⳵һһЦ˳Źϣ˫Դ˲һ硣
Խ硭һѲĵĹļ򣬰οˣ㵱ҲϲŬŵ̬ͳˡ
ϣԽһѿЦݣԣ˵Ķԡ
˿ļЦԪն˸ףһ£׽ˣҲþˣ
ðϣԽЦ
ΪԼһֱϲŮǵúҲӰ̫ࡣ
˭֪ûȵ﹫˾ͳˡ
ǧרʵӦϳ˷ǳĲӣĵһ˼ʻڻδۣԽ׶Σͳֳʱ䲻СֳӻʻСʱͻоƬȵݳԼҪĳɱѹ⡣
һ˴ʽһԹרĵֺ֮оƬרҲ⣬ΪڳһʽȥоƬԼؼר
Ҳ˵Ѿûʽˣֻ˼ʻĻرе˿
ǲɹֻҪϢųȥԭĹƱ϶ǣʱ۹ƱΪ򵥡
ֻҪɹʱһоͺ׽ˡ
ƫƫһʼͳ⣬ڲʱֺ֮ǣߵ˼ʻרҶͷ˾ˣ
ȫߣ߷ֳ·ӡ
ԷԸֻһķãʣǮΪֳɡ
Ҳ˵ֻҪԷǸרû⣬гʽ㹻ռĿǰг
ԼϢųȥϹƱûѾµͷĹƱȥ
ԽĹ˾Խܲסʽѵ⡣
ΪһǵѺ˺ܶණдʽʽߴＸڣܻġ
µÿ³˻мر繤ʵͷ֧
һ⣬ܾܿͳ¡
ŬųϢ彡ȥ԰ɢҲõһ˼ʻ
ǰϣ˭Ըţ
ɺ޻˽й¶ȥùƱͣûʽϺܾܿƲľ档
ϣԽȻٲܳΪˣҲϻ
£Թۡ
ֻǮ̫ˣҪȱǽĿǰӵеķƱȫȥҲϡ
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Ǯ˶óұ˿ˣⲢΥɣ˫ԸɹԼҲģȨ˾ģǮȥҲǲ׺һڣȫæˣԼҵʽܾˡ
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ƲԺǰ㣬ֺ߲֮ҩţ˾ߣϢ
ʱѾѧתϵΪ֮ǰַǳãʦʦһоֽ꺮Ҳϡ
ǻʸȥоը֮ġ
Ŀǰоǹ5GͨѶġ
æµҲûע˵ЩȻ
üһûü˵ʲôҪÿֺ֮һεĿ⿴;üƤ
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ʱֺ֮֮ĺ⣬һɵˣ£֪ҿ϶顣
취ֺ֮ڹѧ͸¶ȥҵڲһ쵼ߣ·鲻ѡ
ֺ֮ȥ˵иѵ˼ʻоķǳ죬Ǽ۸ЩߣһԸ壬ҪҪ
Ȼֺ֮һ㶯ûУ֪ܿܲԼŮܹĿ࣬ڲš
ֺ֮ѯʺһӦǾ壬˸ߵļ۸񣬱Ԥ۸Ҫࡣ
Ϊǹ壬ֽ𣬹˾ʽʱǼ϶Ҳ⡣
ʱƳһͬо˼ʻо
ֺ֮壬оĳɹȤƫƫʱ˵ֺ֮ͼϵоϰ塣
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˫һϣڿ϶ǰ壬ҪǲϿ죬Ҫˡ
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רͬʱרҪõһЩרһˣʵ顢Ӫ
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˭֪Ҫļר⣡
ֺ֮ܽһмôãҲôۻԸϷ
Ȼ˭ǮҪ
˼ʻרӵʵڰǰͽо͸һֱڽβԼ۶
оȱоʽλҲ¸Ŀǳȱʽ𣬲Ը⽫רֺ֮棬ҲԸһŻݡ
Ϊ϶ԼҾռгֺ֮λڽ÷ֳݡ
˾50%ģֺ֮Լ30%20%ֳɡ
Ȼֺ֮ҹ˾30%ҲΪδ׬ķֳɣǸ
ϺͶԼ˲£ųٵϢҲùϵƱԼϲƲ˭Ʋ
궭ĽʹֻϸȻһȫǸͣȻһҵĴͷʵҵҲչϣôƲһ˵ʮ𾪡
ЩϢ󣬶ûӰ֪ԼƲ£
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֮ǰϵǲݾߡ
ڿܷйһеĺˡ
绰ܿ첦ͨӵ绰˲ⲻһӵã˭
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һĻش𣬴͸˵绰ôͬһռ䰤ҲܽһԭͲ԰׵Ĵ/궼ʼϣԵεεΡľ档


45  45 
绰ûн, ֱֺ֮֮ӽֻڴ˸绰, еʣ˾ǲǳˣ
ֻտֻżѵĵ绰ܽӵǲԼļ̶£ҽܴ̼
, һֱϣÿڶ˵ܺãȻ鲻̫ãҲûô⡣
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ʶʲô, ݵֽץԼؿڣ
һֺķŭںӡ
ϣԽѲԺеҽͻʿ, һ򶨼, һȥ
ʱѪٵʹѲܰסġ
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Ӷκģ֪ʲô
ô£
Ϊʲôүүֺ֣֮ͻôѸٲµƲˣ
ǿſһۣźļ̳ˣû뵽Ȼû̳мҵһоͶûˡ
ԽԽܣ۰״ðһ˿Ѫ죬޾ķŭУֱͦͦĽס
ͼңҽ
ܿ커ʿҽ󣬽תƵƶƳȥǰҡ
ϣԽںţ˼ſڣ¡
ȸĸͶүүүү˴绰ȫ֪ͨˣŶֿʼֺ֮
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ͷЩɻǼǵôһ
˳ٶȰٿƣͷ·иѧֺ֮ȻһŮ
һͼͼֻвϣԽо죬ʲôҪ֡
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ŴˣͼҲһЩԭϣԽ;ģ
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ϣԽֻһ˫ָǷףûһѪɫ·һ㡣
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ҲǮҲ˼ԽĻΪβ΢һ㸵أ
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ϣԽ˵ˣ߳ܣ𾴵үүȻһˣԣ޷һԭ˵
̾Ϣڽֺ֮֮ͣǰרҵңңѧҡ
²͵Ȼأ
ڼѵǸүүĳЩԭŸרĸڸȥֺ֮ߣ֪ǼҶôģԡϳֵġ
ʲôһ༤ЩѪû/ģЦķϣڿЦǲһŮ𣿡
ڳĬԶԡ
¿ӣۿѾˣߵġ
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ЦԼ
ЦˣԺƲסЩԸﰵĳ
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ȴԭǻ
һƬ̣ͬߵģŨŨĺڡ
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Ҳ׷׸ԭĵȺӣʿγѣ˲ǿɫÿ
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Ļˣ
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Ҳʳ
һ㲻ڣеϣϣκֳˡ
ھСʱȣ˳ˣȴֱ͵ICUҽ˵̼ѪˣܸǰһҪICUסһ£ϸ۲ԺҲֻܶ۾͡
֮׷ˡ
ûǮܼȥ
ˣѾҪ˰æܻȥĴڡ
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һЩ˵ˣұ죡ֻûؾȽôõǲ
ڨڨɹǲġ
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º͵Դͷָ֪κζ
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ЦеҼǵ֮ǰһܺõļרȻôȥƲôԣҲҪõӦǮ
ЩΪѣⲻ̫ðɣ
϶Ʋˣѵ㻹ֱӱԺһ͸У΢䡣
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˭ӵ⣬ʦʦǽϢ꺮ȥ䡣
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Ͳԣһûбܿ
ϣԽˣһʱ˵Ұֳˡ

ʺţˣǸʲôϵֲɱˣ
ҲϲɱˣҪˣʱǽѣҪˣܺƲʹࣿ
úûţԵĸ𣬶~
ϣԽֻɻûһ˿ˣЦһ˵˵ҪĿгɹҹ·ϳġ

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ϣԽ죬˵˵ڣͷˣתҪ뿪ϣԽżѿڶܲܿҰ˵ķϣרң
˵ϣԽ
֪Լû˵ǰԸ
ڲϣ֣ժ֣ȥ֮ǰϲġֻҪǣߣҾ͡ϣ
ͬһҲ뿴һ겻񣬿ҪרѾʸˡ
ϣӴԡ
׸ôꡣ
ǸϲӵŮŮ
ֱЦۣڶң㣿Ȼּţ
죬ֵǰҲоһƬ죬ԭˡ
꺮ЦˤˣһƬȻ߰ɣ˷ʱ䡣
ϣԽͷҲ̲סһ˿Թޣôôģ
ȵȣ˵һ䡣Ц˵
꺮͹ԹԵţЦݻѵ㣬ôҵҪôرҰɣ
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ҵүүҴϰǧҸһ̨ԽҾ͵Ĵм
֪ˣҶ޲ûص꣬Ըܵ¶ԺȥҲȥĵط
ϣԽ㶵ĿŮö˵ȴһֱ̣ĶĤ۵ǱˣǳľһӳûˣԭƯ۾Ҳû˹ʣ޷˵һ仰
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46  46 
ҾƲıѡڵĳ, ˻عҪ̾һϣѾʧǰ
һڲ, ˵仰Ѿ, Ҳʼֱ
ĵܴܵͷ, ҪƽּҲ
ٶȱ͵ңϣԽȻ񣬿ɵ׻δɣʣµļС˾, ߲㶼Ըĵܻܵ
ѹ£ϣԽܴ̼ѡЭְɡ
һˣʲôģ
һ˵, ԭȻִݵɿڣϹźͰЦݣ佱ǰԽð
Զԡ
ϣԽ̵ЦЦһƬ˵û˵, ҶһȺα
װװ, ֱӽһ汩¶, ֻΪȡ档
˾ǣϣԽֵܷһЩ
ҲֺˣҲҳ
, ˵, ȴǵһʱ俴, ۾͸¶żУҪ֪ôˡ
ϣԽƭܺãѹˣǾͶȥˣûµġ
ˣʹɫƣݣʵһ㶼˵ɣԿɼ˵ˣˡ
û취ܲô̼ˡ
¶һĨǳЦƽƳݵ°ͣжһˮ⣬װ˺ڡ
ˡ
Ĵˡ
Ϊһ֮˽Ĭϸʩģù⽫ڸ߸ߵλã˶Ĳ֪۸ʱ򣬻װûа⡣
Ϊдʮꡣ
˶ũ壬˴ѧΪĿǸۻĴ򹤣ƭ
һʶŮϲȴԶΪУֺ֮Ķţǳɫˣۣ·ߵʯͷ洦ɼ
ֱ֣ͬѡֺ֮ų֮ȼա
ѡԶ롣
Ǹ࣬ȴǻٷչʱ򣬱ػƽֺ֮㣬һǰϱߣʼԼҵ۹
ķװңķԼ
ΪԼѾ㲻ˣٴֺ֮ȴһС
ֺ֮µĳ֣һʲʲϰЦΪֻеһר
һεҲֺֻ֮һСרҪȥҪʽоõĶ
ʱֺ֮һˡ
֮࣬һ£ͷԭӺˣΪſк˼ͥ
ʱһ˿ͬѧĻϲ
ò
һֱעţԴصļʡ
һֹ˺öֱ꣬ϷչƿڣҪϵĽ˵ļԶ޷ͷΪ¡
ʱٴֺ֮
˵һΪṩģֻֻҪһ£ΪͨҵãֻҪ
һֱֺ֮ʱѡ棬˵ԷѣΪûʱȥ죬ҪʱڶԽоС
ֱһ죬ֺ֮ɿˣΪҵŮ
ѡչŮˣУҲȽϺʣΪļˣӡϱӶ㣬ûŮ
Ǹ׶˵ϵڱԴˣһɳ죬׸ı˵ĳ棬Ҳʽʡ㣬Ϊ쵱ļͥ
ģ֮һһһУƺֺ֮ʩᣬôģ
ֺܱ֮
ʼĮӸ
ÿŸ۸ΪԼһڷ͵͵ޣĽĿԼӣǰδеĳ졣
ƿ
ֺ֮Ǻ

Ůܿȴһ㲻֪մմϲΪѡһõ˼ңԼԷĵоˡ
Ψһϧǲ֪һࡣ
ڸû֮ǰܿģǵεĵ⣬һ㲻õġ
񡭡
ڴϣѵסƺûˣһĳ棬ûˣ֪͸ˡ
Ҫ࿪ģھжڡ
αִ㣿
ǰ£Ĺѧѧо뵼ڵͨѶϣԴԼӲƷĳɱһЩŴѧо
һѧǸ
˵֮ǰһ˺ϻзרΪƯһʡ
ֻҪúõضԴ츳ֺ֮ĺӣΪã൱ֺ֮һԻ͵δң
ʱ̫˳̫ˣû˶δ֪Ϊǣң
ΪһѾǵˣICUͬһʬ壬˿ţΪһܱ
ֱһ죬εĳ֣˵ԲүүûǮˡ
ICUķһͺüأѾ˶нľ壬ŬȳɱǴû˹˾ͷʲϣԽ֧Ųסˡ
ŵİ֣ϸ˫Ѿôֲڣ˲ɻ³֣ƭƭң
ֱ֣ݣȴܸоĿ־塣
ϣԽʹ޹ڵϣͷүүƤǵ֣ԲƭүүǷ˹˾²Ѿˡ
ɳƵĵͺ𣺡ôôܡ
󼸸Ѿʧ˵ˣ˼ϣԽ֪
ôܽ˾ȥ
ɲô
ϣԽǸѧŸбҵѧûȥϣ͵ϰ嶮ʲô˭ϣ
ʵѾɷݷָˡ
ϣԽһĿޣǲ˵
˵Щ˹˾һٷˣҪǳеҽҩѣ˶˵˾⣬Ըֵ֧ܼڣϣԽѾĶˣлĸ׸Ķ
Ѿûˡ
ȻҲΪʲôӣԼ֪𽥾Ұܵı۾
ͷˣԽϾһӣΪԼӮˣڣóףԼȲԷһ֣Ҿɢˡ
Ӷˡ
ﱲȴˣ
ˣ֣ǸӼٸ
ϣԽ
ʢ󣬵ļ廹ǳϯˣԵһ˸һǮϣԽȻ뿪
֮ǰΪ۰ûг֣ûˣûпϴѧҲʱûˣõĶࡣ
ֽ/УԸŵҪЩǮûþõòˣ̱ųȥ򹤣Ը⣬ˣû
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ϣԽĸȥһʡ
¼СͽţɷȥҲûţڸĸİ£޸һˡ
ԷһŮϣԽ꣬Ѿʼ̳и׼ҵ
´ϣԽסûʲôʵʵӰ졣
ʱϣԽŸоҵָо
µζĺܡ
ڸµɷ򲻻ʲôرõѧУĴ̫һûѪԵϵĺӣ
ҪϺõѧУֻԼѧϰ
²붪ˣڼҸһС
ϣԽֻ
ѧϰΧǳأϰ˶ŵӣϣԽøߴҲ࣬ѧӶˣҪһ棬ż°ļ̽㣬Էһ΢΢ü񣬾̻ʵϣԽʳ֪ζ
ָоԼһڣռ˱˵ıˡ
Ͼûйû룬ԼҪţ
ָо̫ܣƫƫÿһܸо
żꡢзѶҲ뵽ʱµģ˶ͷ㣬ȫǣ⺢ӳòϣԺǸǡ
ָأúÿĶڣҪ˵ˣ
֣ɵ£˵ĶҲţһӸŮʲȥɡ
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ЩҲܻ䣬һǵңǵļɵ޹˼ɵ˵
ϣԽֻܱţģóĬеĹʲ٣ƺôÿˣ׷ŮҲûˡ
ڸ߹ʮ·ϣ̶ʱ䣬Ѿٱ
ѹָһ˿
ʱϵĥϵĿѸ˿־壬˵ҲûĶоϵİһвӦõġ
ϣԽˣȴҲܣΪԴˣԴЩ˵һ㷴ĵûС
ÿҪԺԶԼԸ˵Ļ
ɫ¥ͼӱЩվ¥ǣüôˣ
ϣԽæҡͷĬٴεͷ
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ĸ˵ûûϢǸ򶼶ʮˣαػҪ£
²꣬ӻһԣ͸һȭ޻һƵļߣڣ統øҶϱĽľ͸ˡ
ϣԽȻЦˣɲТôʹţѰɣôĶǣҲ˲~
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ϣԽЦһ첽¥طһֳ϶˸
¼ĴУҪȥģ
ϣԽޱ飺⣬ҳˣӦԼԼˡ
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Ҫ뿪ϸȥġ
شеطġ
ȻһϤⲢһ˵Ĺͣллҡ
ϣԽ͵̧ͷͼϵĵӻһţԸŶоһרд佱
ͷŶʮŮഺƺһ㶼ûǰҵģ
ﶼĽֱᣬȴ̶ܶʱ˳ɾͣδ˲š
ϣԽͷԼ̧ͷ
Һûҷ¸˵˺˶ǲһλԹҹ˴ţ


47 47£꣩
ʮ
Ѿ維ǰ, ԴѧԶоҲȨģҵʿ
ÿʱ, ඼ϧ, Ҫǵȥ, ĳɼڲ֪߶١
ֻнӴˣ֪ѧϵֶôߣѧϰһݣֻҪ¾ȫ, ﻹõþˣһСС֣˿Ҫʼǲȴ˼룬ܺԥ˵
츳Ȥ, ĳɹǱȻˡ
˵߻һרŵѧΪоשߡ
˺޷죬˻ؽ꺮ûߡ
һʼһƣϢʱǣȥ֣ʲôˡ
ԭ˼ѽ
˵٩Ҳ, 꺮, Ѿʮһʱǰɾ˼ƣ

꺮, ЦҪ֣ڿܶڻַܶˣ˼, Ҳˡ
һЦ, ᵹ
ǽ, 䵽˾ͽˣȻе磬Ҳû£Ҳûֿ̫鷳ˣǸʱѰһ໨ʱʵϡ
һ˵˲Ҫӡ
ԭԺûִҲʱоѧ˳ɹΪʱָо˳ԡ
˺Ӿ͵Ϊܺԭүүһ㣬չ˺ӣԻǲΪá
꺮ԴҲܵڽʱ͸ĸ˵£Ժǲӡ
ҸĸͦȰ˵ˣ޹֮Ļѡ񡭡˶̥
֪ȥҸĸ壬£Ѿˡ
ںѾ׶԰ÿææµµ˱ķչˣȻæµۣҲʵǾͲȰϴˡ
ҪҪ
ֺ֮ʱʱ绰ȰҪӡ
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ĵ£ˣŮʼע壬Ҫһ㣬Ůٱ۸һȻ˲ʹĥʮ꣬嶼ԣ
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Ϊ쵼̸Ȼ£ǺõģûЭ˵ȥͲȥ͵û˵ģֳܿ
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ֺ֮ÿÿҲֻ̾Ϣһ
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ûлӦֻ棬Цһֻ·߽ʵҡ
꺮Ӳָֻţȷľǳǵ£ȫ֧֡
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ӽĿմ򿪻һϵеĽĿͣҪ㿪һսĿͼ·һϤ
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һţ賿㣬xxץһŻвƭģһλŮʿ丸³ΪԷȴҵ˺ϳʮǰ͵רӵ֮һץŮһ
г˴˵ס۾ͺʮ仯ҲǺܴһϳ
ʫǸɷ
ŻһСʫĵɷãŵءǰְֱģҲģ˵ûãСѧϰã˴Ҳ׬Ǯֻ׬Ǯˣء
꣬һ˿
ԭԹѾʧˡ
ҷֱԭȡѾٱĻ۸ԭݵʫ³һžڼҲǲġ
Թƣ˵õ˹˾Ҳܵİˣչչһ֮ɫ
֣ȴأ˫λȻͬˡ
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ʱһҡҡλεϣ΢һ£ȼܵͣʲô󸻴˼ҡ
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ͷһϴǲ̫Ľ쳤ȹЩκʱڣɫǸʱḻܶࡣ
ִȹ˫ʱͷЩֲڣ·ʱܹѡ
ʱһ˵ɩͱˣȥôｻɡڴЦЦżֻͥڵ㱻һ˴ӳﱧǶҳ̼ҵ
ֻƳۣ˵ŮӴһҪһ޲ɵ·ɫۣһģǸСȻ˵ϲûйԡ
ᡣ
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΢䣬֪ԭ
ʪˮڹŴӾǴͥڣ΢ϸļͥȷʵЩ̫ãŴŮӴ಻ӾѵҪ
ȽԶԶûɹ
ֻûģɴıĿ˳ԭļ䣬ܿһɼԺԭǰһҲǰչ
һܳĹҡ
ԭΪסڻ·һϡ
丸֮ԶĽѧ٣Ҿܲԭ׾Ѿź򣬴СĽһ׵Ƕ飬ֱޢ֮꣬ɫˣ𽥲һȺһѧ
֮Ȣ֮ҲԽԽ࣬ԭҲڿյ˭ڼ䣬ҲһЩԱҵСǳȥ̤ɢһЩøеꡣ
˫ǳǳӴΣԭҪĸ˵ʱһδεĵط˽ٷˡ
ʱһ¸ҵĳ嵽ǰҲȻˣӴֻȳš
㾡ҲֻΪл꣬ԭΪ飬պţ㹻ˡ
鷢벻ı仯ΪʱҪ彡ȫǸţȴѾܿƾˣĻ֮Ҫɱ
˵ӵŮ˾ˣȴ˿ܾ˵ʵĺݰ
ԭڿǰһĻŮӣԭĽ׷ȴԭʱýף˵ǶʮְĽ˵ﲻ̼ѰýȢ
ԭ״СŮ޸һܿƾٵķϲģҧûɿڣøأҼʮҡҡ׹겻ԸӵĿΡ
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ȻӦ󣬷䶼˵֪ͼ̶ʱ˿ڷ磬ҲҵԴϢ
ԭʵҲôĲԸϾиԸΪôۣȻ޷պԼҲܽӹζ
Ȼȼˣ֪ˣ
ȻҲţ֪ΪȳԵʻԭƢãſ֣Ҿһ㣬·ǸСź˵Ĵү
ԭСûźˣΪѧźչţ̵Сӡ
ŶиСӡ
ΪŮбչСӣֻҪĸչˡ
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˵ԭһң㾡ȫѻֻΪΪԭһȵĴۡ
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һŵû뵽ƴȲҪķվȻһѪŮӣ
ԭòһδЭΪ̼ıȡ档
һΣ˳ɻĵ꣬ѻȥ˿صԺó¶꽥ȻƢݣûԣһ޸ԱҵĹޣٻ
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ʱǴ죬ǳˮ䣬ԭϰչСӣܵһ£¶ᵹûȥԭžˮ
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֮Ϊԭѣüǻ
ҲԭӾˣ¶Ͼ͸һ㲻ŴɩΪ˾Լˮ¡
չ˳̼Ϊǵıʣ
ԭδ͸ǹŴŮӣȻӵķʽ̵ʱǻӵԷΪ뷨Ҳ⴫ͳѹȥ
λȥᱻĸʹظ¶ֻѣ˶һʪӳǶɷһ衣
Ƕӵ˹Խࡣ
ʱŮӵλͲͣȻԷΪ첻ܿƾ٣ɻԶԶûϿĵز
ԭƵǸС㣬еùĸоø޷졣
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ԭǸŮģŮܿ࣬ɴŮ롣
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˫֣ĸԭȥôԭҳ׳ǵƶ֮ˣûȵ룬ͽԭĸ׸ˡ
ۿŲȥԭ״ԭţΪһԺ룬˭֪ŵų̼ңҪԣ⳥̼ΪĴۡ
ԭº󣬽ҲΪл˳̼ңʣһΪױȢϱƸû棬Ȼò
ʧܣԭȥԾðɷϣԭʼǴ
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ѹͲȥ
Ĵڳ̼ңе۵Ļٵʣҹʼ̼ҡ
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֮ǰͳĸԭȥʱԭС͵ˣ֪ԭȷʵĽԼӢ۾飬ܳɽȴǺϺ˵ġ
νӢ۾һĲ߻Ȼʱŵ˸պóȥ·Χ̫죬ɽΪԼˣŭ֮ͼϳȣûϣֻȳˡ
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ԭΪľֻ֮ǶԷıƣԭΪİĽ֮ģǿɳܵռԭΪˣȫơ
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޵ͬʱԭԼҲΡ
Ϊ״һ𾴵ķӣƲƶˣĸ̹˰뱲ӣΪŮ£
ܵɻôȴҲ䡣
һԹŨиȴػҪü˰ȫԸ
䣬·ԭһ뱲ӱƵüȴȥԹ֮ȭͷӲ
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˵ͷе裬¶һ£㡢
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¶ָĽӴӳﱧĳһߣˬִżҪɩ˷ܣʪģڵ·˼С͸ģ
һߵſڣʱմſڣ˫ϣ㾹Ȼ˲ظ㽫Ҷںεأ
ֻ֣ѯʵĸף֪Եɣ
ԵɣЦˮͰһһ·ԺԶֳŮʪӣֻöͷ͵ģܻ֣
ʲôԵҲˮﰡҾ֪ˮģҶӲڼһû֦չ¾Ϊ˹/ˣ
գֱƿùһԵĴɨѣſֵĳ¶ȥͬʱĸ˵öԣ¶ˮģΪ˹/ˣҪˮҾͲΪ˾ˮŮӣô򣡡
˵ꡰž/ž/žü£ɨĹڳ¶ûзʱĺ󱳣ס
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Цӣĸ˵ˣˮŮˣͲþȣ
ϻдʹ˹ŮڻŶϱµһӣ۵Ӵһֺ޵л˵ʲô


48  48 
л˵, ʲô
ЦҪԭ⣬Ů, һ, ˵һ仰, ǰﶨˣ
ºϷԭΪ˾Ů, ҲǸΪǳ, ţԭ͸š
һֱ֪, Զˣ˵ͨģǾͶĻȥ
¶ǹȫԭΪ˾ˮ𣿹ظ, ͽˮûȥ
ϻų¶ˣȻٶ֣ԭϱ, Ⱳϣܲ˺ңҲ̫޼ɵ, Ҳи淨
Ҫó̼ұǸ
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һָ㡪
¶Ǻ޵òУĸ׻ţҲˣ첲Դϵ˻ţһ㣬ʲô˼ˮģ㲻ظ
ųۼֿһӴϣ۵ĳ¶һֱ˫ϥأһϼˣ۵ֱ¡
¶ܹһʱ侹۵˵
ϣ׼򣡡Ҳû뵽һ£Ůĸθһ
ɴƺΪʲô򣺡ĸף㲻簮ӣСС;͸ˣˮˣǴ찡Ҫҵôһ£ָ˶
㣡ͷһξϱظٿſΧ۵ˣһɴ෭Űϵ
¶ѲĸԼһ¸źţϣŵڵϺָ˵㰴ʲôİ
ĸףһŵĶɨܹСġϷڵϵơ
໡һ춯صĲҽУֱ۾ɵ͹۵Ǻ졣
ѸŲţĿڰοûãĸûˣ¶ĸ
˵ѾҪ̧Ϻ֣ͷ䣬̧ʹ˳̵ľ
ϡϵͺһһŵһиֱˤڵϣƨɽʵ£ǹģ
Щ޴ĺˣֵûУĸױ¶ˣֻ̧ĸġ
һƬʱֵ˸Χڳ̼ſڣ⻰һֱҡͷɫŹֵĺһֵ˶ӣƣǹŮͶϱ𣡡
һΪϱˮ˭֪
֪ˣ¶ӾͲãҲɩͷεĶȴһмûУ״
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Ժӿڵ͵͵ʶˣϱܲظǿˣȻˣű۵֣ûĵ˭¶ΰǱΣ¶ܴ𣿡
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ϣ
¶޺޵ĵ⻰Ķţɩ
ôֱܽ˵
ԼҪûˣ
Ȼ¶û޸ͨŻҲԸԼѽ
ѾЦŰڰ֣һºͣ¶ظмɩʱҲûʲôͿΣˣʶȥģֵˮ

̼ĸŮʺţмˣ
Լϴ󣨴磩ҲⲻӦõ죡
Щţ͸ĽǸöϱ
ѹȢȢͣҼǸҪҹŮˮ϶ڰϸɿŵģ
ɱ˵ҼǸҲǣ޹ĸĹϵѽ̼ҵĿãڻڴ磬һŰӣΪ˳¶ˮӾȻޣӴ
ϱԶǱҵĺã󲿷ֵϱǳУΪĶһˣŮ˶ԴУǼﶼͷ
ҪмҶϱõģ͸Ľ۾ˣԭֻ㿴ֵһ̲סӣϱã
¶ɫʱһŤᶼ쮳ˡ
Ͳ뿴˵ĺãΪӣģʣ
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۰Ͱ͵Ŀϣͷû׸أǰ׵ģһͽü
Ҫǳ׷ˣˡ
һ£ʱûױѾδϽȰС㣬Ȼݰɣ̫ˣͷʪء
áͷЦŵĸףȻطˣͷЩΣͲˡ
ûתͷԺſȺֵ˲ͬɫҧҧӲǱһ͵Цݣ㣬ͶϢһɡ
лĸסȻѸٻȥͷΣκĻһ¡
δϽΧһۡ
Ϻͳ¶ȴҧгݣĬװģ
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̼˾סĵطǸСԺӣռʵСطΪعϡزֵǮ
ԺҲ˲ǮٽԭļױĲˡ
ԭͳķ仹ǺܲģҲͦģΪ䣬֤˽ԡ
ص䣬˵ȥոˮҪϴ衣
áδͷԹԳȥ
ıӰԭۿͳѻˣ˺ԭдѪ飬Զ޷С󶼿ǽõСѾߣᱳԼ
Ϊһˡ
һòͨͨ㣬ŻҲǶһ޶ˣѡ
ѵˣ
ЦЦʪյͷ֪δһʱܻģʱպǷ㣬׾ͱȥϴˮˣһʱ
͵˺ܶ¡
ȵվڷڣƽֱƣһ̬һ
ֱֲסˣʼҡҡ׹ͷҲðϸܵĺգԭЩģѾ֫ůˡ
ƣһֿ֫ʼʽ
Щ飬ʹ壬ˮ䡣
ʽΣ𶯾δˮС㣬Ϸˡ
šĵͷˮ룬ˮ£ͻ֣ȥæɡ
ǡδӦСĵĿС㣬ȻûɿתѻҪ˵ϲڱһ㣬˳ԡ
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ϸӸˣԼӺ;Ů˾ͲƫƫϲֻȢˡ
̸ţϽһŮġ
һ˷޷ƾ٣ȻҪΪԺıҲһˡ
գѻ֮ǰԺϻֵſһݣŷ˵ζˡ
δ꣬¶Ѿʼˡ
ϵһۣٳԣ˵Ʋ죬Եøˣˡ
ֻԼӼһЩԿԣһˡ
ˡȳȺԵЩݶ˼ĵЦݣ˼ڷߵĵܵܣ·𿴼Լδºͣѧô
ѻӿҺüΡ
˼ĽѧʱûбӿΣҲһ˼ҪȢŮ
ˣгΪֵ̬ܼ򣺡úѧ
ġѻЦŵͷ̧ͷ۷һ峴ʱ뿪ѾߣδǡûͷĿϣСѾ糺죬Ųࡣ
ʱȻ裬أ
֣ųĳ¶Ҳ¿ӣȿߣ磡ɩˣǿҺԴˣˣ
ˣˣ֣㿴ˡ
ϸϽֵݸӿ
ֺһֻûˣ¶ϵĺۼڡ
ɫʱȥꡰžϣģ


49  49 
Ϻͳ¶ô, ͷǽһˣҲȰţϽ͡
˯, Ӵ, һȥ˯
¶, 㲻֪, Ҿˣﶼ, ˵ΪɩҪ, ôãֵõ
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ɫԽǳ壬Ϊ, ԶҳͶԼӲ֣˼үӡ
Ȣ, , , Ϊ, ȻҪչȫңģǲТ
ĸ׺õĿ֣ŭҲԽǣԲȥˣһʱ䰲ˣĲԣ
¶ϲöҪˣ˳Ҫһ·Ϊ񡣡
áȻӦˣȻݡ
һ䣬ŵһϤķζһԭΪûгԷӴʱһõóʳԵûΪ⡣
ˣɫһû㻹Եȥ
ּһ廨⣬Է⣬ԭȻ˵رҲûõȥһûɶĹŴŮ
ֻܶಹһ
һ߳һ߷ǳɻѯʣΪγԲȥ
ȹߴһ¸һ°ԵЩǱ
׻ǶˣûһͶֻ֣ǳո¶˵ǣϣ㸸׾̵㣬ΪȴźСӣ
¿ӣվͳƽӣ侲֪Ϊδ¶𣿡
أʲôܴˣ㻹ȥǸٸ¶һ·񣡷ҵҪȥô̵˲Т
ҲȥҲľܾɫѿͷЦʱpuaֻҪסһѱʹá
֪ԭںȥˣƵԭһδЭɴ಻ҷˡ
Ҳת˵¶ִ㱻ˮҽסԼˮ˵ΪظΪɩѵҲô¶ýѵ
ࡢһһ䶼ǳǳʱʢŭ⣬ɫһ˵¶ִˮΪû˵
ޱĿΪβ˵㲻֪𣿡
˼ȣȻΪĸ׺ⲻ͸¶Ⲣ˵ģЩյҲڴ˰ǰôᣬôɻøоøһ㣿
ұøоøһ㣿϶˼ģۿ΢죺ĸ׵ʱˣȴ¶Ǽԡ
ӣЩɣģ
Ȼģĸ˵ִˮʵ̫̼ˣҪúýѵ
⣬ŭ⳹ʧ˼ҲʧܵΣ˲Ǽ⣬һ˵˵ͺˣôȥԷ
ĵˮˣ岻
úϢæ˵Щߡ
ȴסӣüҪ˵ȵ֮ǰҸ¶Ǹ·񣬿ҾȴҲýѵǲǸˣĸ֪ΪȴҲ˵ǲҲø
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գŵĿίΪɩӣֱ׳ߵڰףҸǸҲѧӣҪΪҵǸͳ˼ƽϣڿ˵ϲңΪԸ˿ȣȴң滳ɵǲˣ
˵£
üһʱһ亹һֱܡ
ʱΪ͹ٱףӲǿȣ˱ץ⵷ңˣʱǸһмԴٲ֡
͵δģұ¶ͻȻ˵ôһ䣬ʵɢ
̽Ŀ¶ķߺޣ˿Ӧֻһʱ֮ڸǽĲ²ѹȥŭȣҪģҺαֻһ˷ҶΪ㸶ҵĴǰ̣㻹ҪΣ
֪ÿζ仰ѹòҴϢһŭȵñԸΪҸôҲԸҵõһҵĹ𣿡
˵ǡ
ѾҶˣôΪҸô󣡡
ô͵óһۣ
һʱֲ֪ôͷðϸܵĺ飬ͷһƬҿڲԵҪôǰ㲻ȡֵģ
ȡ֣ѾģЦԣǺǰһϾǰû˱Ұˣһңȡ֣䲻㣡ǺˣȢŮӣ

ҪѹķզͻȻҪĵز
һвͰ׸ˣ
ʱԶԶܷܵɻڴʱ򣬻Ҫҵİܺ룡
һϾܾܣ
ίˣҪô˵ϲңΪҸô࣬ȢȴίϲĻ䣺ӣһҲ벻㵱ΪʲôԸΪֹЩ˹
һֱ˵е飬ұֳҧҧºҴˣҴˣֻҵߵ磬ǳףһʱżˡ
Ĩ˰ᣬ˦֣ЦԣûۣҵίͿ˵ϲ
ڣȻǣҿüҲۣҲ֪
ίңһ
㻹Լǰһ˵˵;˿˰ɣ͡
֪ͣԼһõǸɡ
áһͬ⡣
£ϴ
¹򣿡ŭһ˸¹򣿡
ŭˣͬȥ˵ұҪڿ˵ѣ㲻ǰԼҪʲôӣҵίѵֲӣ

ֱ˹
ҧĺ뽫¶ǸˣһȵùԼ
ҪƷǰ˵Ļй͸ɡ
һʱıˣɴһ˰ˡ
ģҪܵܶ飬û֧֣һˣҪƾ٣ǲܵģһ룬;Լһʼҡ
۲ɫָһѻִŰʾ˵һ£ҵͽҲ͹ˣǻľ֮Ͼٱļʱ㲻ңҲ¡
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Ը޹Ϊý˵Ѱ̼ȢҲܺúõĻȥһ˵ҶҲо֮أǰϲңȴǸ·һжǼٵģý˵Ǽٵģĸ˵ҲǼٵģ˵ĸǼٵģ
ȻǼٵģ˵ίߵڰףҪ²ţֻȵǸˣҴˣίˣԺ󲻻ˣ
֪һĺû˵꣬۾գĿԼ/򣬷·ڵȴʲôɿڡ
ͷһƣֺ飬ҧҧһڵϣ飡һڷ
ߺһоһĳ֣ҹ¸Ǹˣڿɺã𣿡
һĨЦݣлˮϵίѾʧ᣺Ҿ֪㻹ϲҵģȻȳˣ²侲꣬׬ǮҲܹ࣬Һãǻܼȥ
Ҫ¶ЦݣĻɫһѿҪɶԱĸף׬Ĳ࣬Ҳȷʵȳˣ侲Ҳģոշ¾㹻˵
һʱٿĪ磬ֻܱƵ²ۡ
оԼϢʱһ仰˿Եõһ㰲οҲֻһ㣬ػӮǰĻ޵ݡ
ټϸողǰ¹򣬳ӣûˣӵ£ûڡ
һ㼱Ҵҵһȳȥ
ЦŵͷĿ뿪һתϵЦѾʧֻʣֱ䡣
ϲž֮ѹԭ
һзŰɣ
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̼ҿѾչĩβˡ
ϳһδ
ѻշ꣬ĥʲô
¶ѾԱˣǲסؿһ⣬ڴŴĵ̲ס죺ôѽòǱǺ꾫ס˰ɣ
ܣֲǲ֪
˵ţ˳˶һۣͬʱһ£ܾʲôԾġ
ѻȵ磬ôǴɩԸǸ
ɫĿһãô˵ɩΪ˾ˮɩΪִŶִģ
ϰãæί˵Ҳң
ǻָų¶ż㶼ˣһִ֣ûһŮӵ⼸ͺúôڼѹѵ飡
¶ʱͬһ㣬޺ţҲҪҲҪ
֪ӲԼҲŮæȰˣûС۸ģ
ڰ֣ӿñɫһ̬ʮּ˵ˣ겻׼ţҪٿȥȣ
ٷӡ
¶ŵɪһ£Ŵȫɫױڲ
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ڿɺãһûֵãڲ۸
ÿ޳ЩȻһйأǳΪܵųģΪ˻˿ڣͽ죬ٲˣ
¶ԻкỹһЦлл硣
õԴԷ
ȴԲȥˣʣһףΪ˱˷ѣûʲôζĳ£ܾͷ
⻹״θϱģϾȻϴ󷴹ŮѧֶΣ
ԼԼ֪ǾԲΪӿ̱ĸ׺͵õˣ̫ˣҲϸƣּŮĿȻǰһű̾ĻȥӴ첲Ƚ챻ˣȻȥϢˡ
ĸףüͷ뵽ЩѲӣֱտڲԡ
ȳû˵İ׷˶ӣҪ˯ȴַŽգδſڣ˵үС岻ǸȾ纮ˣѰס
纮ڹŴСҲãֻתȥ˳ѻķ䡣
һֵһ¡
ڶȥϹ˯һڷڰ죬۵û
һֱͣ˯ˡ
δ档
áδͷĿ嵽۲Ϊ
ֵĿһۣſվһ
ڻǴ죬ⲻȣɹһϾůůģʱԺűƿѻһĻһɽӵˣǴ
ѻʾţ롣
áͷŽϵݡ
üͷһϲˣ
ųѻֳɫɩﲡһ㲻𣿡
ȻɻĸײѽҶ֪ѽôͲˣǲ¶ˣҾ˵⺢ӵúúụ̀ܽ
ѻͳһ֪徭羭ôһ⣬;Լʮռ
ʱߵڰףѻɩʲôƸ¶ӣ㣬ˮһӾˣ컹ﱻˣ㻹˯ͣ
Ծĵɴ۾һŭģżûУ˭˵ģ˵˭˵ģ
ѻôҲû뵽ʵ⣬ùĵĲĸԼˮ
ģֱܣ˵˭˵ѽ
ѻϽˣŮòһ£Ǵɩǰ뷨ûУֻ˵˵ģ
ǡʱ¶ֽԺӣ󻹸żŮˣ¶һЦӴɩˡ
˵겻˼ĶЦЦááãǼЦˣɩӰС˯Ϳǲ֣Ų˶֪
¶˵꣬ǼŮ˵ͿˣʲôƵģһǰϴҵģȻӵŮɼҳ̼Ҿҳ̼ҵϱ򲻿ɸһˣ̫Тˡ
̾Ϣһһͬĵͷã˵Ķԣ̫Тˣ
ƤĶһ£׼Ļһʱ˵𣿶ô˵ʲô
¶üһֱԡ
˵ã㲻֪¶̫ТˣȥԱңǸ˼Сִ󻹱˼ҲˮҪΪһ£Լˮˣǻڴš
ûͷ۳¶ȵ£
ͷУҲôͷˣϣ÷纮ˣȻɵûӿʱǻ˵£ҲòУ˵ˮҪ빴/ˣҪϱŶ֣ˣȻǴˣ¶ŵţ˵ǲ̫Тˣ
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50  50 
¶˵, ҪǲǣŲ˵ӣ
ſˣЩ֪˭
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¶÷, ССôɩӣɩҲΪã
һΧ۵ĳѻⷬת䣬Ҫֲ֪ͣӺνȻϿڿ˵Ϊ, ǳ¶̫Ҳ
ѻŮӡǺÿŮֿݣ˻ǳĬûб⡣
¶ᣬҪҽַھӣĻ˵, ʱݺݶ, ܵȥ~~~
ɫ, ⺢, Ҳ, Ȼ¶һδ޵ѾͷԺǻˣҪǲȥϢһ£˲š
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ɫˡ
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Ͼɩìǳ£ɩӡ
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ÿۣȵɩɱ˵ϴҵ۸¶¶۸˼ء
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ʱü˳۵ǰίĸףûУ˵ˮ£ǲ˵ˮģ
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飬ۿѾˣίҲˣΪҹ죬ʶһ
ʱһҲˣ
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ȴҪ𣿴쵽ڣ㶼ûһҵĻ
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ʱޣҾ֪ҾͲҪˮһĵĻҵڣϲ𣿡
ʱȴѾںˣֻһ⣺Ǳˣ
ԣҪô
ըˣֻԼͷ͵ģһشҲˣ־Ҫ㻹˵ô
ģŲӿ޺аҾûڣҪǲˣǺˣҲϲңںң˵ʲôΪʧȥǰ;ʧȥȣ˭֪ǲģ
⻰ͬһˮһڳͷϣ侲ǿЦ˵ʲôѵ׼
ίұҪôΪС˵ҪΪ˾ãڻˮڹң
øƣҧгݵıĳ֣ˣɷ㱻˴ˮһ
Ͳܣ㻹ҪлҪҶˣ
ܣҧȭûѾǷ侲Ľ
ʧĿתͷʰõһȻǺˡ
׼ʶԣҪͬʱľ棺վס
ȴµļһ˦֣ҵܣһһߺˣءҺ°ˣ

ܵıӰһ첽׷ȥȴȳܲ죬ţּ⿴ֵĽַھӶչڳɺ̿ѸٻԳѻŸȥ׷
ŶŶѻæȥ
ʱѾˡ
ûӰˡ
ŸҲ˵ĳѻǰһڣŭ־ֺޣǷζҪըˣ
ѻ֪飬Ըոյ»µģô̲סʣ磬ɩôˣ
һŤЦݣû¡
Ĩ˰ʵں޼ҲȥȥĵطҲֻңܲ
ȻҲãûҷΣӻ
ԭЩϲ֪ǱһʪĴˮﱧһ뵽⣬;öģ˭֪ûгûʲô
װϺͳ¶ĶҪЦˣ򣬾ͻˡ
ɵȰȣû£ɫͲˡ
¶͵͵ȥһ£ͼԺ˭ҲûУϽܻȥ˵˰ɣ
һڣˣİɣ̫Զ
¶Щ飬ڳ̼һҪңҪصи״Ͳˣ˵ԺӶûˣؼ˰ɡ
ڣӲȥͻȥɣҰ޳ȥŮ죡
¶Ҳ뵽磬ĸĵļ٣һڴĵͷ˵öԣʱҪĻҲһأ۸ң
ĸŮһۣúˬ
̼Ҽ˶뷨˶ѡ񲻹ܣ϶ġ
˭֪ڶ죬ûж
ѻԺȥˣͳһˣȥĸŮҲȥһ졣
ڵŵģ˳ĹȥţҪһţȴӣ˭δѾˣ߰ɡ
Ըδɻĳ̼ˣ


51  51 
ֱӻصҡ
Ȼܵ, Ҫ̫ˣŴŮĶ٣, 
ڶһ, Ǽǿܻ˼
ס΢һĵض, ȥʱ·߻в˾ʮְȫ
Ҵţſŵĸۿһ, ˵, ֱޣ
ĸһ䲻Ůûع, ô޵ôģʶ˱ڻıôôˣ
ҲشֻһĿ, Ҫ˵ԭǹҵˣҲĸˣĸѹĵݡ
Թ󲿷Ӽĸ鶼ǺĸΪҪ, ǹŴ, ŮӲٳּ, ˦ƹ, Ӻĸദ, ԭܲĸΪԼա
¼ʹ뿪壬ȴŨҪй
ĸû취ͷҵģŮˣ
֮ϽŹŮӿޣжʱദŮڷұ۸Զ㶼ۿһ죬ǵȥţ˵ôˣǲǱ۸ˣ
һųҭҭ̧ͷû£Ƚݡ
úáĸͷŮݣŵڣһСк۾ʱϲ˹㣬ˣ
ٴαǼһᣬԭĵܵϻһʱ䣬ҪȳˣܵܵԴΪЦһˡ
Цˣ֮Ӷһۣȴɫء
Ůı֣ܵίһ㰡
صԼȥ棬ڸĸеɫУѵ˵ûʲôǡ
ͷһĵѵǳͷ
ҡͷŵǣ͵˵ǸǺͨõģ
ʲô
˾һŵ˶仰ŵվɫأɱ˵
ûУ˹ᣬԭŪӢ۾ٽЩС㹫ӵǮ֣˭֪òպ·ǰǵƣ˱Ż˽Žȳȵĵزʲô֮һǵļƻ
˻֮һŬԼ侲£ŮĻ˳󣬻һ飬ȴĲ޺޵ڵϡ
һ죬ķѣ֮ɫ࣬Ķŵһû˭ۣʱ˫Ŀȼ죬ҧгݵ--
ʲôӴĸҲˣıŮһ
ԭǼٵģŮⷬоݵȴֱӿ϶ˣ̼ұֵûɵżŮķŭѡһʱŮ
˺޲ܱͷʹޣ֮һ֮ǿ᲻ͣס壬һʱ䰲ֱ֮֮룡ھȥ룡ǾټҰǨ뿪
ĨС
֮ˣɵӣʲôҲǵĺӣԺҸûʶǵĵط仧˵ɥģټҲû˻˵ʲôġ
ʧЦͷԸ˵ȷŻǺ֮ǰ֮ǰŵʦү˳ѻİҪȥ棬϶ƫǣһȨƣǳ̼ϱʧܣҪҡ
ԭļ仹Ǻõģ̼˷Ҫǳѻѻķһʼ̣ˣѲŮˣѲ˵ĳ
ʵҪ̼Һܼ򵥣Ǿǳѻ¡
ɱˣǾ仰ˣһоûˣ˶Ļ£û취ٱΪܲ˭иԭһĻԵ
Ҫ̼˶ţң
̫ˣɥҲ̫˳ˣ
֮ûô࣬ûʲôݣľһͨΣյһӦԶ룬һ˵ʦүͳѻйϵˣܻô죿ѵȥ
ٴҡͷȻǣں벻û£Ҳ룬ҺúõΪ³ľ֮ۿžҪһӣץԶҲҲţ
֮Ӷ˶Ҳһˮ⣬һĺףҪ̼ҿ϶ɡ
ΪŮȳȣûǰ̣ҪǼΪѡ
Թɷзģ룬Ҳǲɡ
һʱ䶼㼱ˡ
֮ƣǵûãûж
룬ʵҲǽ֪ģҲ뵽ôˡ
֮˶۰Ͱ͵ĿŮ
΢䣬˵˵ΪҪҵ˲֢֮أ˵ͷά²ǻɣ
֮ĸǰһֻÿϣԶԣôò֢֮
֪Ůϲ飬ҽҲһЩиӣǷ纮һԣٹһӣҾװѪˣʱҪӣýǼҸȥûһЩźá
֮ϲȻЩⷽãŮ˵ô϶ǵͷãô죡
ĸʵڶˣֱ˵Ҫʲôҩģȥץҩ˲ѽ
ҡͷģȻҲѽ
ĸװҲסˣҪдӣȥҩ̼̫ˣ޵
һҪǸۣ
סеĸĸǱżǻҪӳ飬Ȼ¶±Ͳá
*
ƻУûʲôѡ
Ҫδһ㡣
˵δСȻѾߣԭһҴҲͬӡ
֣δʱѾ˱ͷͳѻͷȴڳ̼ӣûô
һ˵ĸ᲻ãЭˡ
᲻ãŲųѻа취δЦŵż⡣
ԭδԴԭԭȵѪѻ϶δ˴󹦷
ڳѻƻ֪Լֳĸ£ֻǵϲͲ֪ϲж٣ˡ
ԭһкޣԭĸ֪飬ҲûľĻȥȥѾõġ
ĸɺĿŮܾŮ࣬Ժ֮࣬⡣
ص䣬ĸ֮˵¡
ɫ֮ں£Ҫǰ֮ǰһºͣô鶼׶ˣ
ĸ뵽ԼŮ״кãɷ۰ŮСͬһ̵ʶ֣οϧŮӲܿƾ١
ΪŮӣҲãŻڣòˣǰ갮ĽȢ
뵽⣬ĸۿһ죬˵ɷʹޣôùϳˣ
֮дʹĬĬᡣ
ܲѹ
ԹŮӼѣúõŮƭ飬ƫƫҺ룬Ҫװֱõڸǵİ
ֻ֮ǰֹ򶨣סˣûе޳
һûô˯ţڴŮ˵ĻȴһżƻԼҪǰй¶ˡ
ڶһ磬ȷѾʼա󣬷ͽĳʶˣֱӿЦ˵ѾͷˣǰΪ˾Сˮˡ
ɲǣ죬˻Ҫִŵܻھͻȣһĺ䡣
˵֮ǰôںҼҹŮһӣôͳ˶ִ˵Ǹأ
һ˵ţĸĻȥ
̶ʱ䣬Ѿ֪ˣҹŮΪ˾Сˮɷ򻹲ҪŵܻҾ͵˷纮
Ҳ˲ţǰΪԺ׺˶ţòŮӶĽѣŶãͶִ
˵Ц˲壬ǲžͲţŰɣҿ϶Ҫץҩģˮõķ纮ܺõġ
ȻڶĸĨץҩ
кֱӳ嵽ĸǰȥʣĸҲܻ䣬Ž˵ˣŮڶյĻǵ겻ѡ
ҳ̵İԴţϲˣֵĴš
ͷҲڿҿҵװ
纮ڹŴҲСչ˲ܾܿʹӷ纮תΪβֻ߸ص˶纮ȥ
ǰʱˮ˷纮Ҳġ
ҸĸĵǺܺõģһȻԳ̼ӵԹɱֻһЩ
ĵľǱ¶˲㳹׷ġ
ֻҪ¶Ϸʱ
һץҩڶաøһΣûˣ֮üδȥӵĵط
δСʱͱңǸʱ򲻹ΪСҪ˲ܰæ¡
ˣŮӣͻʮӣͨͥѾܶˡ
ȥٸǼǺδ׺ϵ
ĸǰ߿࣬û˵ʲôŮˣǮŮˣҪŮúõأֻ
̼Ҳ⣡
*
ŵӣˣʲôδǼ𣿡
üʲôǼңٸǼǹģҵģˣ۵ģ
ЩĶǸͷ׺ӣҲԺϴ̼·δɫ䣬ŵĹſǻܣС㲻ҵģ
ЦδѽȻСѱˣˣûǮɲ𣿡
żˣˣҪǽõµǰø
δɵۣվǣĿϣ󣺡ȾңҲ뱻
ȴֱӻӿ֣ż˵ʲôôˣҳˣ
ӻҪأԺķøߣҪҳ£϶ƾô찡
ʼ磺˵ˮ˷纮ֱɷŻˣÿˣ˶ˣҲ֪òõˡ
ϷˣδţȾңҲ뱻
鴤£Ŷû˼ȥδˣѵͶǿҪģҪԼǮǲܣֲҶ׺˵ʲôӻֵ߰ɡ
δһܣҪȥҳѻ϶Ծġ
Ȼͱץסֱźߡ
¶٣Щŵʲôˣ
ûϻ纮ˣûͦصģδ˵ȱǮ
ʲô¶ʹ֣Ժ·˭ϴ
һƴԴϣЩˣҪûǮˣ绹ô鰡ϴǵǮﹻ
¶ӣŲЩ
֪ŮϣߺߵĻȥϴӻȥ
˼ңҪϺòˣǮ࣬ˣǡ
*
¹ʱɫ΢ڡ
һ˼ңõϢִҴҸңʱѾˣٱĸӭӽ;ֱķ䡣
һ򿪣һŨɬҩζűǼ⡣
пһ£ٶһڴϣ糺죬/ȴѣһ죬ʱƿһģžͺء
ûͷò޻ǵɥޣһչ˳̼
ͼϵͷʵƤȻﱬһ⣬ʱֱ˹޵
ˣҵ˵ûӸ㿴ˣӦûвӰɣȥҵҲ
ʶϵĺɰͷһ


52  52 
Ͷͱ, һ㿪ĵĸоûУΪĿͷƤ顣
ֱƿ, ҪǮǲܵģ
, ӣ֮ǰһ㣬ʱǲƿ, ֻܽӲ, ŵôͲôأ
Ҫ˵һƲסĿ, æƿ, ȵ˺ѷΡ
, µڴ, ῴǰˣҲ֪, ұһֱ챻һţܻؼ˯һѲ
˵Ҳ, ɤɳ, ᡣ
ûɣЩԸ, ŬЦݰοģĸô㣬϶᲻òβ
Ĩ, ؿ, ѹ, ûˣӶˣҿѾõòˣӦûʣµİɣøӦ𣿡

룡
ӻкܶ࣬һ˿ȵȻòô࣬βˣȳˣ˾ûΣʣµǮһִţһָ˳ѻȥԺύѡ
¶ǵӣóĵ
üﻨ࣬϶Ҫ飬Ҳʣò࣬ǻڽÑӦյٰɣ
ø죬ࣺǮһһһǰոˣʱС˵ȱǮҸˣ㡭ǲǲԸ⣿
ȻǣϣǿһЦ˵ô᣿ֻǼȷʵˣﻹһʣģţһŬ£ȡ׬㡣
ĴӺɰͳһЩͼͭ壬ͭ壬ֱĿ۵Ľݹ
գָۣͭҲûҲҰɡ
ס
ȿȡƫͷɫ׵ĵطףĵط죬·ѾһϢ
ֻܽʣ¼ͭҲȥɫѾײˣǿһЦ˵㶼ţȻ࣬ҲӦһ󣬵Ñͺˡ
ֽӹķ£һĨЦݣллȻ׬Ǯ٣Ǯ࣬㻹һЩѾܺˣֻЩӣ˵ҲúأҩǮҲǵȲҵÑʱˡ
ɫ΢䣬ͷһգ׬Ĳ࣬ɡûпǣȷʵ׬Ĳࡣ
ƣ棬ɫѾԣ̲סٴδӣ֮ǰûϸﶼкѪ˿ˣĲúأпһ£ֱã㲻ٴٴȥҪǮ
֣ģ϶õúܿ죬û׼ͺˣﻹ£㽫δˣڼһҡ
̾Ϣû취Ҳ룬ҵҲͶ·ֻܽˣԺҺˣ׬ӣٽ
úáͷδδһȤûУֻ˵ˡ
ȴԸô򵥵ķŹ۰Ͱ͵𣿡
Ц΢ǡ
ʧĴҶˣ㶼Ըң㲻˵зʲô±Ҫģ
ĿڵȻǣ꣬¹ĲҪǲ꣬ҿ϶㡣
ã˵ˡ䴽һЦƯ
һԭԸ˼֣ϧ
󲽳ȥһţʵĿǻˣӸӵִŲ٣ȻҲûע⵽Գ˶ɫ
ص̼ңϵһʱ˽ȳ˵˺ɲɣôûˣѵҪǳӸҩ
¶Ҳŵ磬ҪҲ̫˰ɣһûκӲˮƯˣ
ǣһ뵽Լҳӵĳ۲ѣܵ˭֪һҪӣûӣ˽ѽ
Ҳĸ׺öܣԵͷãǾͲ
*
ڶȥһҧżûӡ
ҲûǿûҪֻϻһ˵̫ˣȻǮò
֮һʮ죬ûٹȥ
Ҳһδεȥҩģ򣬲Ѿͨķ纮˷βǷ죬ֻǾòβˡ
Ҳ˵Խˣ˵βֻܺţպҩͣˡ
Χ˿̾ѡ
Ų꣬ԸΪˣٶŲʡ
֮ҲԽ㲣Ȼһȥ飬ΪŮĵӣòѧӶۣ˽
֮ǿҾܾˣ˵ܼ֣黹׬Ǯ
¸˸жѣȥˣһԱȳ̼ҷҪӣûţʵ˺ġ
̼Ƥ񣬵ǲںЩֻûģûһ
˼һЩ
ʱҲûһζװʱʱߣ˸оҪˣֻᲡȥȥ·纮ǲߡ
ĸ·ҪһЩϣԵӵżͿʮͬ
û뵽ˣ
˭֪أϾ֮ǰΪ˾ҹŮȳȣҲ䣿
û˲²Ǽٵģ˭룿Ҷƽͷգֻ밲ӡ
˹ᣬ̫¡
Щ죬ĸѾܵӦԣڻûʱ䣬ֻǺ̫æҲĲ
ЦЦɵΪŮѡ
һںСԺ棬ܳţҲڼ䣬ܵߣСԴ󣬲һȥ˺ˡ
ʱڴһ
ٴ죬ʣţԲһҡͷԵģ
ȻжϣһżϷʵЦ֣ѧƪ㶼죬û˷ԴϽڳλãʦո츳õĵӰɡ
֮˽ӾҸڣԺӣѧ࣬ʮϼҾĺӣС·ӵĺӡ
Ͷʮ֮꣬˵С˽ѧ֮ϵǢġ
ЦԭҲôǢ
ǱЦ˵ѧȴһ㲻⣬ٺһЦǼҼǮǿҵӹĽô˷Դ
Ҽ㣿ҿֱӿģĺãһһǾ˷ʱ䣬ô⣬ﲻȥ⣬Ҫ飿
ѧ˵ˣǮˣҪѧ㣬ҪľǸͥ棡
͸¶һɺ̬档
Ц귴޻˵
Ǳ߳Ĭһѧɻףôˣ
ˣûֿʼ飬ƪ£ͷβĿʼ
ʧЦþûĺӣϧ˵»ɬѶֿǶʱ򶼻ῨǣͼУǺ鱾Ǻġ
룬һζԷǺ󣬳֪仰˼
ѧһ㶣ʶΧֶԷǴǽǱߴģǱʦļңŮҲֻʦŮֱ鱻ʦֵɬСش𣺡֪ʦ˵ٱԼҶΣˣͶˡ
Ĭһ£˵ʵû⣿
ûѧҡͷڻѧһƪһƪѧʦҪǰᡣ
ԭġ
еģ־꺩̬䣬˵Ƚ㣬˼źñ
лʦ㣡ѧֲ֧ϲ
һЦľ͸ǽʼѧѧĶԭѧѧľˣ֮鷿ˣͻԼȥ
֪ʶ̽ô꣬ȫû⡣
ѧ֮ǺܴһģǾϿõҲǷǳľӣֵ⣬˵ľǴ׻ǳ׶˳һֵĺ壬һ¡
ȽѧɫѾˡ
Żװ
塰áһЩΪǳǮӡ
Դ˷ǳڴ
*

Ǯʱһ磬һǰһ¹ڶҲϰࡣ
ⷽ棬ʱǺԻġ
ڿ쵽ʱʱĸŹȥ
ϣһ඼ʶ¥ƹ˵Ҫҳĵָ·Цշ˹Ǯ׼ǰȥء
лԺӭײϼ˵˵ЦЦ꣬г·ʮۣһ۾Ϳżӡ
˷һǮԣȻ֮࣬ң΢ʡһ㣬ҲԹú̹
ԭ޹ȥ࣬ûһǮ
˫ײϣһ£ʶ
ɫ΢䣬սҪ־⶯̫ͻأ־ЩӲ࣬ڨЦôˣ
ɫ˵ĿЦ㲻ң΢һ㣬ֻˡ
üͷ΢Ҳãȷʵæˣﻹţ㶼ţͱܣòװ
ҡȿȣƺЩżҪ˵ûסһԣһģĸĬŮı˳
ŲŲҪ
ӣ۵ҵѾûˣҵҩҲһ죬㷢˹Ǯܰҩ
¥һļɫЩŹ֣Ҳ˼ֱӡ
Ҫ֪Ǹոջȥġ
ôˡ
Ȼоˣ΢΢죬æ˵ҲǣǴȥ㣬շǮ㿴
֣ǸҰɡ
һ£Ҳۻˣ˵Ҫʲôҩȥ򣿡
ĵĺԼί㲻𣿵ˣҵ㾡Ҳ㣬Ϊ÷纮壬ϳɷβȴӶԸ⣬ҵĺǰͬһ𣿣
񣬱ëըԴհһƬҲ飬ֱƵƵ𣬴ʱô˿ţ±˲³Լ£ˣ˵ʲô
ܵ˵ֻĿ˫Ŀί
ĸ۳һƴϣֻžһóһֽ
֪壬ҺҼˣԴȳҸ̼ҵӣʮ¶ʮգȼ⳥Ǯʮ¡
һ߿һ߶ɤ˵꣬ŭ˵ǮôҾͲ㶼ˣҶΪ˾²ӶǣûҩȴӶԸǺξģ
˵ֽٴδϣ̶ɢһء
Χ۵˼ÿһŶͬݣǸոĸЩ˵һôࣿ


53  53 
, ȫͿһԭϻļͥ
˿˵Ľʺˢˢӿ֣Ŀ͸ӹ졣
Ǿ֮, Ҳù˰ɣ
˵ǷޣǮ, ҵǮׯأ
û뵽ĸôһ, űһƬκˣǼ⺹ۿɼð߻ס˸̾Ǯ࣬ŵòУ޴ǰĸ侲һ㡣
ĸ, ˵Щ, ϻǲϣ
ܵͷе, ǻȥ˵𣿡
Ҫ޵ˡ
Լҽô, һʼҴǮûòԣȻ±˵, ͸ûţ
Χô˶ָָ㡣
ĸֱӼֽĵȻȰӡ, Ժ˵ʲôû㣡
ͷöĸҲû˵ֻǼ¼ùϸһ, ž뿪, ñΧ, ϲں˵Ŀ޷ִˣǹҪˡ
ֱӵͷá
ƹĿ˰֣״ҡҡͷͬ飬Ȼױ䣬ŶãԭԸ⸶ŮӣӶ᲻ãࣺɡ
һƹ͹ҷܣİӡ
ĸӡĶպã˵ҽҲˣ˷ӣһУΪ²ЩҲǶˣǲĲԸΣ
ȻǣĨ˰Ѷͷ亹Ѹٷ񶨡
˳¶һĨοЦݣ˳ĸʾҪƣ
Χ꣬ŮҲ᲻öɷ̫ݣ
ĸɫֱ֣У٣
ҧӶȥЦĸСƽҲûӵϰߣЩţͻȥĸ˵
ĸѾˣȻô׾ͱ򷢣֮ǰǿһ°ǰûоǰȢŮģȻ˵ȥĸ˵Ҿţóٴ֤Ϳĵжˣ
ɫһ࣬ҧֱ죬ͰĸԹޡ
¿԰ԼҽҪֳҪı˲ǿҪɱͷģ
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״ȹ˵㵱ΪҶܲҪ϶̫˰ɣ
ȻᡣƤЦⲻЦ
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仰ƺĸų˵öԣ㿴Ҳ⼸ҪˣҾȥ㶼ȥˣ
һûסĵ˵֮ˡ
ֻΪıʣΧ۹̫ˣ֪˭˵ģһۿȥȴ˿ģ׷ŵúˣӴˣ
ҪǮҪǿడͲýŮ޹ȥ
˵֮Ѿڻæĵܸܵ͵صԺɶүȥĵطӴιò˼ˣͲںˡ
ȥҶ֣ΪһŮӣ˵ĶǸ廹ǿ׳ˣɫ˰ף࣬ǱĹ֣Ҵ뿪
ĸˣЦǮƹЦˡ
ǿˡǮƹڰ֣˵ȻλҪţ̷˵޷磬ȥżϷλһȲ裬һģȡ
лĸͷ
ҲͷҪ˵δȿȣ˲շĸϣ
ƹĲҶԣϽȥ
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˲ᣬĸƤֲ֪˵ԼҪ޵ģ͵ֻ̫
һһħʱıѾãֻͻȻ֣ʵʩˣ¾ͳˡ
֮ǰҲûԼ˹ᡣ
һ£͸èβֱͣըë
˺¡
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һ֮ԭһֺһӣĸֽ˱֪ܶĽܹô
˽ΥҲ֮С
ǵӲѡ
ĸʵлһ˿룬֮ǰŮĽ̵֪Ҫ˵ʲôʲôﲢԸųˣϣֻǼ򵥵˽ѡ
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Ҳǣ˭뵽˹ᣬȻЮͼأ
ĸ̧Ů޵Խģҿİ
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ԭĸΪӱˣڿ϶ô޲ôԭĸûУԭĿұ˵ġ
ĸΪһѾģһֻҪǰȵġ
Ů򶨵ģĸЩοҲ֪Լܱ̫һݾߣѻ֪࣬ɱˣһоٲܹ֮ˡ
˻ӹŮĲ豭˿ڡ
΢΢ɬĲˮЩȿĸԼӣŮõġ
ֹһſڴ
ƹţˣŮˡ
ĸȥţ磬αϣǿѸ£һӡ
ţЦݾǰв̽ͷ̽ԡ
ĸɴཫŴ󿪣ǽɫҲ̫ãƹĺλļ֤£öٳ
Ƥ飬Цݲûסǿ˵Цˣʲôֻ֤֤ĸҼҲ֪иڿضĵܵܣʣǮȷʵ࣬ʮѾóȫˡ
һӵݹ
ĸӹһ඼Ҫ˵ʮܻ
һҧҪƿڴɴʱѾôֻ̲ܼ࣬Ц㻹еĵģġࡣ
ڨЦǮˣĸǾðȥɣǲҪˡ
˵öԡĸͷͷ
ƹЦǺǵͽ˾ͺãһˡֿȰοú壬ʲôҪ
лƹ񡣡ĵͷĸҪһȥ𣿡
ˣѸҡͷҲãҲЩҪȥ
Ǻáʧĵͷ뿪
˱Ӱʧǰһ̵ֱĳŤɫһ뿪
ӽȻҪһֱţǲһֱҪǮ
ֻûгѻܵıҿ飬һʱҲ벻ʲôӡ
Ȼص̼ңƿžϵİʹͷ۵Ǽ⣬ˣֻܵȳѻ´λʱһ½취
ϧǱԺһһΣЩԶزףѻٻҪʮ졣
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ĸصʱ֮Ҳպѧ
ϱıĸڵ󣬿㣬ϲϲܹȴͬһ˹Ŵ۾˵㣬ɺЩˣ
ЩˡЦԴס
֮ĿѯʣֲõŶӵֻ˵Сѿڶ¶ˡ
Цŵͷ
֮ˣ־ˣֻ˵ȷʵǸĵĻˣ
Ƶ³һŮǰ¶һ棬ǿЦǾͺã岻ãЩЪţʲô͸㡣
˿档
á֮
ʣѧѧ𣿡
֮ĿŮ
һԼǽ֮Цԣ⺢䲻󣬳ԲԸҲ񣬼ЩǮⶼǱߣ̹Ըң֮ǰҪһֱȱǮ
ԭǳֵˣѹֱ˵٩Һ˽ӿ϶һҡ
õ𰸣ҲͲٶʣȥˡ
Ҫץʱ佫ãǵ㵥ǼѧҪҵϼѣ㹻󣬽ȥѰҽĿڣԼˡ
˾һΪΪ
·Ҳû˷ˣԹһֱǵٵĲܣͨոҹܣȺ˲⣬ţӦûڻ⡣
Ҫˣ˼װһ£
ֻûʸ
ϣĸ˿棬Ҳûߣǿԡ
꣬һ䡣
ĸЩۣĶȥҩģ
ʮӣʵһСĿ˷ˡ
ͷ˵Ϊ˶˵Ļɣֻǻӣ˵ҩҲ˷ѣãǮǿ˽͵͵׬Ǯ
ĸǳࣺ׬Ǯ˽׬Ǯ
֮ǰȥ鿴ʱһӣԽһӾӡֽϣӡˢڳһ˵ĺüʮģĺüһӡʮ˵ܲ׬Ǯ
ĸģ
϶ĵͷģͿʼ㿴ܲ׬Ǯ
ĸϲѣϽ֮ҲйһӡˢĶô
ڶûü֣ͱһš
ԺǽһİԺǽϣǿСǵͨ죬Ըȥֱ·۾ʱһæֽеʦ㣬ɷƸҲС


54  54 
ôͻȻ˽̣
ҪŪһ, ſǽϵȴԼĳⲻֱӽɰʦ㣡Ҫ󲻸, ֻҪѧܹٱ¾ͳ, ʦָ㣡
Ǻɰҵú׼, ʶ֣ͽӵˡ
һЦ档
ҲЦˡ
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һѧ΢Զһĵطʦ㣬ұ, һʱ, ҽˣڶٶҾ;úܼ, Ŷžͻᱳˡ
ǽϵҲ۰Ͱ͵ĵͷʦ, ̽ǰɡ
ԭһޱѧܹǰƪ±ɽһα˵٩ѧȴŴҵ棬鱾, һһ䣬ı
·ʵܼ򵥡
ɰĽòУΪڲ, ֪飬㲻ͣʣʳ, ԭѧʦŮС
֮żûϵѧ, , ̲סԼŮǶԱȣһȺӶŬУʦ㣬ҲǺġ
˵ѧ˳£ô̶ʱͽ̻ᣬһ۾ͷ̹ˣԼҲܿСѧһ֪ʶҲǺõѽ
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Ȼƾλþô࣬ҪֵܵģҪʱ䡢Ǯ
ѧģ󲿷ּҾ̫ҧҧҲõóֻҪѧ
Ҳ̼֮ҵԭ
Ե֪ѧĲƸһϼƣԺǽϣҪС
֪ԭίͷһ
Ϊޣ̳ѧȻͨѧҪǲǿƾٴʡԭҲڻƵƵĻѡ񵱸
ϧΪʦʺԴ⣬̵ѧʵ㲻ͷĲûС
͵µŵʦүƫ̼ʱ˸Ұ˵
ڣ̳֮ˣǸͨĹԱҲѧԽ࣬ܵıӻԽ࣬Խû۸ҡ
Ȼһ㣬Ⱥ󣬳̼Һһһѻ֮ڳİ£ҹϵܵ͵˿ԺʱѻͯҪţҪ·ݵԺԡ
Ҳһ꣬ΪţǰֱȽϿΣͷס
ҺҪ룬ʦүƫ̼ңΪôһԭ򣬿϶г̼ұҸǰ;ɣ˳ʦүĻȻҲˡ
ǲóѻԺԿʼԱͷζ
ԭֱһ˳ѻĿƾ֮·̼Ҿͷˡ
ܹó̼Ѳң͵ѰΡ
ʱ˼·óѻƾ٣ֻΪƾٵѶȣ
̼һܵܣԼһȺܵܡ
ѻƾټȲҫۣܴóѻѲҵС㿴УֻҪ˫ǣϣԸѲңҲΪԼѡ򵥡
˲ţǺŵģԭѧʶԼѧʶͼʶУ΢оһ³ߣʱֵȵȣѺӦú׼
ʱ䣬ֻҪȺûʲô⣬ѣȴǲΪ
˼˴ˬͷͬ⣬ԺǽǱ߻۰Ͱ͵ظ˵ǿԣҪǺܸߵġ
Ϊ/ǽᶨʦ㣬ǲ£
һЦãǶʱ䣬ԺÿԺǽҸϿΡ
֣ǶʱĵıQ
Ժǽϰŵ²ŵ˶ˣɫһ䣬ҽһˤڵϣôЦ
*
˵ҪСҲû˷ʱ䡣
֮˵ˣ֪֮ŮĲˣ˺ͬǽĽѧŮʱ䣬ֲۡ
ӡˢʱ뱩¶ȥԺǽǴ˸ӣס˵ߣƽʱӡˢǣһ£һϿΡ
ĸߣҲ֣ҪǽȺꡣ
գʮʱȥ
Ҵӳõӣ岻ʱȥҩҩζδɢȥĲȴɷԽͬ顣
˽ҵӡˢҵҲĸŬ£졣
ӡˢõ鱾֮ʶһЩֱ̣͵ĵطȻҪһӣ٣׬Ҳܶ࣬ԭͿյң
ڼ䣬Ϊ˱Լӣ˺üΡ
һ֮ǰһ㣬һ˵ѣһ߱˳һô
óÿλȥԺﶼԼĻعĳʹٲԸҧشӼŪ˼Ӹ
ȻصԵľϺͳ¶ĺѹޱȺڡ
жÿȥҶر顣ܻţΪ˵±ζε鱻𴩣ӵ£ȳȣӾƭ鲻ҪȢҲûԸޣ˵á
γоѣ亹·𵱳ǼµӰл֮ȥ
Դδģҹ£˲٣÷ĳһЩ
֪Ϊÿκ棬ͱͣһδ˵ʾԽһɡ
ֻദʱ䲻ְ࣬ʾҪԼй޷ŴЧ΢
߿Ϻͳ¶˵һܲģֻ۸ȥӡ
ҪӸô죿ϴ㲻ֻϣһһ꣬ҪۼͿˣ
Ҳû뵽ŮһֱӽϴϱŪҩӣҲ⣬յĳˮǵöˮûȥˡ
ϴϱҲ׳ʵ˸
⣬ʹȥӰ
ȻҲ飬֮£Ĩ˰ε˵ôźã
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ֻȥûһ˵ϾͻȥҪǮ
ڳأӣҲ˵ȫİοֻܺ¶̫ˣҪ֣ϲúõģ
ҲԹãôţֻ˵϶Ӧþͻһ£ϸ֣Ҳ֪鲻ȥġ
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΢ӵģǲдһЩ᲻ãû˵
ûһѻͻˡ
һһμڣ粻ϿΣסԶ֮ǰϻȥ
ѻһӭĶʳһԵȴ˴ԺӣûȷȲˣֻԱصķΧ
ѻºͣȳӿεһЦʮֶ飬ɹ̫ƤҲ𪣬еȴЩݣ¶ݸߵĸо
һݣͼǱĳ¶üͷ壺ʹأ
˵ء¶ûƲ죬ûδĻֻһ㶼
ѻ˴𰸣һû飬ֱӹȥƿţĸ׺ʹż־ϲ񿴹ף΢΢üˣ
ȣЩ˼Ҫֲ֪˵
ϿɲЩе϶˵⣬˵ʲô°
½֮ǰ˵ˣ˵ﻢµ
Ҫ֪ô֪Ӿ͹ˣαȢأ
ѻ磬ƽһֱλ磬ҪԼҲû취ȥأʱ飬ɴš
¶εɫΪϴһչ˵ܵã˭֪ͱ¨Ҫ˰æԵʮ
Ц϶뿴ʲô취ִˣҪǱ¶Ҿ˰
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ټύӳ̼õӣȻҲǰ׻ģȻڴ£̶ʱöԲߣĪţ²ûдΣա
һ˵ô죿
ѻ΢΢һЦô죬ɩҩǮҲøֻһҧûǮͳɡ
⡭ģҪ
ѻֵڿǱ߽ʶŵʦүλʦүܵΣֻҪҲˣλʦүͲ磬ץ𣿡
ϲŵ֣ܵܵ˵ģʶʦү
ϺͿһǴԷ仧ĵطһָͤİΣżŵ˹Ѳ顣
ֱӹϽķΧܽύʦүΣһӼˡ
ѻЩԵõЦˣȻ
/ҵʱһƬϸòУӴҶгϢؿô죬ֱӺ룡
ȴԸ⣬˽ﻹЩ᲻ãȢôƯĹһϺأٵȵȣģҲȥӸˡ
ûϢû۶ӣҲû
ѻҡͷ磬ξˣҲʲôȨƵ˼ңԺ򲻿ˡ
úãᡣЦ
˵⣬ѻδ£֪δϵӴߺɫδѾңɱΪβȽ
ƮĿأƲƲ죬˭óӰ
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ѻҲ֪Լĸ׵ӣһ̫Ѩ˵ҲΪݣҲˣҸУΪȢһͻݸˣȸӣȥδ
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۲Ը⣬ѻĿһǵֲ˿ڣȡӹȥ
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ϣδһжٴαֻ̼ʮӡ
ϵֱˣȥʮӣҿۻõĲˣ
ѻֻȥοģԺԣҶǰéʱŻӻʱ⡣
Է·ѾӴνֵķ⻭棬ֺһЩ
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δٴλص̼ңȻǾϢֲʲôŴԺùھӵۣһʹˡ
̼˵˳ѻ㣬Ͳ±ΣҲûˣǺƤԱָһ㲻η塣
ǲ˼ÿ飬켣Ķ˶ѣܶ˶ǻ£˵ЩлҲͻá
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ЦЦ۸ˣ㻹Сùܡ
ͷţҳˣһ١
ӦţŵȵܵܳˣǷŶһ
ϻطڴҲĥ£̼Ҹδ˲η壬ǡǳѻݵӣӦǵ㡣
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û£ٲöԸҲеһ졣
·ݣǸԵӡ
ֻпԣʸμԺԣΪţپͿԲμһȵĿƾ١
ǰһ죬ѧݼ֮ٴԺǽ£ǸмĶ񣬲Žǰؿԡ
ֻͿ˺ܶ࣬СϾмʮˡ
¼ȡһҲֻжʮˡ
ؼҪѡΡ
ԽԽңƶϸ񣬵ЧҲ졣
ֻҪһʱͿ꣬ʮŰ񣬱¼ȡ˾ͻŵ˰ĵַȥ֪ͨ
һܿһһΡ
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ڶѧŹлʦ̵ѧͯˣ
ѧ
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ѧһЦˬͷ
֮һʼľϲ˾ţࣺļٵģǾˣ
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һ겹еĶʦ㿪Сģ
˻֮һתͷװŮĳĬС


55  55 
˭Ҳû뵽֮СС˽, Ȼ˿ͯ
Թ˽һڶ죬ĽҪѧ, ͬΪӵ˹̷
Ͼ֮ǰ֮Ȼõ㣬Ҳֻһ㣬һɺ蹵ˡ
֮˵ʲô
˵ȫŮĹ˶ţ΢һİŰɡ
ûѧ˶Ų, ֮ǰ뿪СһЩѧŹ, һС
ܾˡ
ڵĿǾ·ݵԺԣȫһ̾˷ʱ䡣
֮ԭЩ̫Ů, ԹŮӼѣʮҪҪǳʲô£Ѿܲˡ
ɵŮѧ, ȴһγĬˣ֮Ͷķּƶ, һ塣
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֮ɴڸԺ, ؿһ, ոԹ˵ѧ
ԼרŽԡԶûġ
֮ⱨ˼࣬, ޼, ֻѧ, Žɡ
֮´ŮţڱƽĿǳΪΪƶѣǾ·̳ܽһţǶȻĪ
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һЦãڿ廹ã̶û
ҲҲԡ֮ʧЦŮתͷɫûлͷֻų̼ҵķЦһ
֪ŮĿʲôŮ̳ܽһţλȻͬǳѻţҪ۸ŮҲõһ£һʦүȵùһ̳ܽŵķӡ
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¶мǣûô̳ܽôࣿû׼͵ˡ
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¶ӣҲԼ졣
ȷʵȥҡ
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·߹ǶƵģ඼ʼˡ
ȴڿŷйСȭͷֱͣԼҲʼˣ͵ؽһƣŵĸϣһ߿һ߿ޣ
ͨƵڵأβ׵۵һû
ʱһڵӰֱһƨ/ϡ
һƳյĲҽԺ
һ٣û뵽Ҳˣôص֣ڼ³Сɳ˲⣬æϣ
Ҫˣɲò
Ϸ߷Ĺĵ㣬Ҫ۸ˣ
ЦĨϣǽ򣬱֡
Ĺĵģ͵͵˳һţܿ
ٴƺһڵϰ
̾Ϣһײģȥ˷ʲôǲ𣿡
жһӶΨӻиֻԹˣε֮ǰҲڼ㣬ûǮԭʣµһ㣬Ҫ˵ԺǱҪãתͷȥδ治ʣˣұ㲻Ҽ㡣
ίĵͷʲô
㵽ӣסôҲûȥǰɣ涼˵㵱ӽѧѧɶʮ꣬Ӱ첻ã嶼õòˣǸûȥˡ
ɣɴ˵ҵҪţ¡
Ȱºͣ·꣬ȰˣջǼѵĵͷǺðɡ
˿
*
ȥ̼˶۾۾ӲǱӣۿ
δǿһۣݺݵһ¡
˵Ļص䣬һ·ԡ
ϽŽӡ
һƿ˵⻰ƭҰˣﻶӭһδҲûġ
Ҵգ֮ǰ㿴˼ôӣ㻹֪óԵĺͺá˵
ԥģ
ģһϲˡЦŵͷ
ӺöˣȻҪ˺ڼ忴˵㣬ʵҲһöûУչ˵ϲģ·֮֮ǰӺÿˡ
Ϊʧ࣬ˣھܵܿƾٻвʱ䣬ҪٸѰϱõãȽš
֪ʲôĶĿԼϱܲΪ˼ƻ˳һ
˵绹һҲ΢һ㡭
νϹҲպûһһԡ
ˣͷǺðɡ
һЦҪ£ȴתͷһ󱬿ȣȿȡ
ģ˺ѷΣ˶̲ס𾪡
һһֱȣ
ȵֱˣͷϸţ˵ǷϵëҪúţ÷磬ȻһͻȣոչܼˣҩҲǴǸϢˡ
Ȼɲȥˣ컹ҪϹһϱ˯ˣ˵岻ãһҪ𣬻ǲ㣬ȥ϶ｫһȥĸҩ
ĵĿһۣǵͷá
˿Ͻȥ
ʱ¶Ҫݣ͵͵˵ô̳ѧɣ
ͷżֲмȻǣҪܸһ𣿹ǱȥǼ˵Ůӣһֱסңɺͳ
¶̹ˣƨ/ɽݣԭŴɩҪڼλҪȥһ㣿
˭ʱ˶ѧʵġ
ҺùȻƭ˵ġ
̼ңڶ˸ûԺֵġ
û˯ΪװΪ䣬ҹſʼϢ˾ԶΡ
һֱ磬˯ˣ
˲˻δײһĨ̵ЦݣӴСˣҪԵʲôǳ̼ģæأֻͷԼˡ
Цǳ㲻⣺Һͷ˵ã
ãСϢϢδﶫһ
΢ߣҴ֡
δԼ¾Ͷ޵Һæ
һûͳ룬Ҳǳ̼ˣôʹ㣿
δɫ΢䣬޺޿
ͷҲûأһײ˿˿ֱ˵˶ϴɾҲˡδԭͷϷ̼ûˣȻ䲻³ͺãùȼƽϡ
ǣС㣡δҧгݵĻӦ
Ȼģǲսôϰ˶˳ӣ˻ʵʵˡ
ͣδĲ˰ԭˮƽһӲˡ
ҹĻ£ѻҲˡ
Цһ˲ʮҩĲҩһҪúѽ
ѻҲһ£û뵽ְѴɩлˣһº񣬼ʹ֮ǰ˵˻Ȣʱɹ񣺡ɩ
ѻˣϢһӦûҪһӡЦŵ
һȾһӡ
ΪȥһңԭӦúͳѻһ𵽼ңھһ
һңùеĶӸڣڿһ䣬кŵܵú³Է
ҲԹһԣһš
Ʒ⡢Ҳʮζڳ̼˶û˵ֱˣʼϱ㲻ˬе˰ˣֻгԵʱżˣ治֪ļϱôҲҳ̼˺ãҶˣ
ԹĿ۳ͿӣƺЩԲ¡
ûģּһ⡣
ˣͳ¶һۣЦˡ
ȿȡ
˶٣˵ԡ
ǿֳһڣȴûסƫͷһԣۿ᣺ҵҩأ
Цһв˵ֶһõⱻ¶ߣֻѡһ飬˵ҩˣҩ̹ˣٸ
޵ƭˣҩ̻ûء
ϺôôˣûԼȥѽƾʲôҪҶȥ򣿡
ѽҼҵӶˣӣױˣ
һӣҼӣȥѽ
˵ˣƺ˵ų˵ҩ
Ц֪ûӣûǮʱء
ϸµأģֿά衣
￪ˡ
ʱŭˣһƴڳϣǲԸ⣡
žĴ쾪ˣɫҪ֡
ȴѾˣû˼Ӧʱ
һϽҪץȴܱ߿ޱߺء㲻ˣҼӶ㣬֪ҲȳѪ˻ҩͻңҲҪ̼ҵˡ
һԵľһ·ɢŮָָ㣬ǰһڣֻû¶÷ۣ


56  56 
š, һ·˳ܻҡ
ҴûأһžͿˣ֮һʱӿ, Ǿȵŭ𣺡ǲǳ۸ˣȥɣ
ȥȥҲȥŵ
ھ䲻Щһ̾
ҳ⣬һķ, ĸִżεĲᱻ֣
֮Ҳǵһ£ܺ, һ뵽ܱ̼ˣ͸ˬ, ۾
ó̼ң񷴹ˣ
ЦŵͷĨȥϹ޳ˮԹҲſʼֵġ
ǾͺǾͺ, ã
۸Ҷ
ԺͲҪˣһξ͹ˡĸĵ
ɵͷ, , һ⵽Ӧ
Щ, ӳ̼ҪǮĸҩ, ͨҩ֮, żӴһרƾҩģҲģ֮Լѧʱ仹, ȥѧ˽ѧϰ, ͵͵ȥɽҡ
ЩҩĶýɽ, ɽһ㶼ҵõ
ùΣǳ˳ֻ֣ǷҪ֮ǰļһ㣬ϾˣһֻǾ١
ҩˣͿʼʱ䡣
ǡ÷Űվǳѻݵӡ
һ̶ڳ̼ҶԿʱ㣬֮ϢϢռǿ˿϶ɣȥ
ȥʱ򣬾ֵܾ֮ʱ
ҪˣѲ˵ŮǼ޸Ǿͺˡ
ҲҪҸĸϣ˵ˣ֮ǰ飬ټѧʶԨɼЩԼ˶ٶȻ棬δھȡ
Ů޸ֵӴѧͿԿǵûС
ıֶҲΨһĵľǱ̼˷֣Ů¡
ĺܽҹŴִһûͷֻҪһؿƿ֤ʧһжҲ
ȵΣ˭ںأ
Ůı֤ҸĸװģĸŮûϷȥһ˿棬ȥ˯
Ŀ뿪䣬ץʱ佫һ죬˾Ϳܻв⣬һˣұˣ±ϳ
Ҳ̫ǸǼѧһ٣ҪϿΡ
˼Ǹһ䣬ȫͶѧˡ
ĿĿɲͷ⼸ѧ
ҪоºͳϰߣѺݴȥܶձȽȷĴ𰸡
Ҫѧİæ㡣
һ࣬ѻȻвţɲ־ţҪҪԿܶࡣ
*
º󣬳Ҳٲ
Ҫ˻ûʽ룬Ѿ˵İˡ
̼˲Ը룬»Ҫʲô£׹ϵܰһ㣬ûʲôʧ
û˳̼ҵۣҶӡˢܶ鱾ǿѧÑ㹻żõҩҩƵʻǱǰܶࡣ
˵򱻳͸ģ֮ǰǿЩҧͦˡ
û˲ţеֻжͬ顣
ķһ˱޳̼ҡ
̼ұţȫ֮ԱǣȳѻУ֪ȢҪǳ¶Ծ겻Сˣٵ꣬ҪǳѻУδҵҲߡ
룬Ҳû˸Ȣ
Ա鲼ûãһٴ𡪡ôںԸǰ
¾ֻ֮һЦ
˷¿УʱһȥĹС㶼ء
˱ŮӣΪ纮һӶԸǮϳɷβ𣿡

޷
һģͲͬˣ˭Ųʣ
꣬ھĿãȻѾߣСҲžϲķնˡ
ĶϱҲûﲻãôͶ̶꣬ˣ
˻ɾ˲²⣬ͨ˵ҥҲ
һ˵˹װӢ۾Ĺ±˴ɫóٴλصجεʱԼı
ܳʱ˯һȵľ
ʱ£Ժ֮ʱ
ǰЩ죬ѧǾǰݱ
ǵļֻ䣬Ҳ˵ѹˣתͷҲҸĸǡ
Ҫ뿪һˡ
Ҹĸǳ⣬ĸĿھͿޣһŮӣɽ˶࣬Ҫǳʲô£ô
ѾһŮٺڶˡ
ҲµġЦ˵ģһᱣԼֻ£ȥһˡ
ɡĸȰ
֮ϣˣˣǵˡ
ĸֱȴû˵
֮ЦЦʰߡ
ע⣬߱ȽϺá
עⰲȫ֮ΣҪ
áס
*
ߵϢƽʱҲٳţû˲ԣϣĸ̵ҲӲ㡣
ԺԼʼ̼ʮһԺԣҪʧˣ͵ôһεԣҪٵ꣬ʧ
Ϊ˱֤ѻܿãǰü죬ҧóӣóȥչ˵ܵܡ
ԼȥʵǼʶ¸Ϻȡ
һڴӦȥʱ򣬻־
򲻸ҸѻѹһֱˣŸʣоΣУ
ѻһЦӣʦ˵ƾҵԺԲ⣬⣬ǰ
ŨŨĽʵҲǹԺʿţϧԺʿһ꣬࣬ܵһξܹ̫ˡ
ڿջķ䣬ʱڴȲ裬һͷӰ⼸һֱ˵̵ѧû룬Щ˻עһ£˸Լñӡ
ʱۣüϻȡ裬ȻڽǼѧһҪҪ̵ѧĹԺԣҪβȥˡ
ѻһЦ˵粻صģˣҲһˡ
ΪΣ
ѻЦ˵Ҳɣǰһ죬һŮӴҼһЩټС㶼٣͵ʱӪȣʮͣ˵Ѳ֮Ů͵͵˹ġ
˻һվת˼Ȧ󣬻ѹֲסеļѯʵģŮŮ
Ůѻ϶
̫ˣѹ̾
ҪǵܸܵλԺԣҪΪѲ˵ĳ
̼һҪͥˣ
ҲŵԳѻĳɼģɴ಻ˣҧڿջסʮ죬ŷŰ
˷Űգһŵܵǵš
һ˺ܶ࣬һʱ˼ˡ
Źٸİ񵥳֣ȺӵȳȲռƣйڼУǿű˲˺üŵۣڼǰУһʱǰſ
һһģڶɣ
һ˳ǰȻǳѻ
еһ£ܵܡ
ֻѻɫҲΪѿ
˵󿴣ǰʣµľûϸΣ
ѻ֣кΣΪֵıʻԱȽ϶ࡣ
ֺ󣬳ĺݺݳȥٿܵܣѻɫѾѿ
ҪΪ˵Ѳ˳Ļᣬʹ
ʱһ󻶺¸磬㾹Ȼǵһ̫ˣ
һҵ죬¸磬ǵһ
ͳѻһһɬѭȥסˣǼ֮ǰڴǿˣǳϵм䱻г¸ģĪǵһģ
Ȼǵһ
ֵƵͬһʱ򼵶Ťޱȣ˻صջɫįġ
ѻЩ㱣ܣ
ôֻ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ʦ˵ɼܺãֻҪ⣬ǰΪǼˣ̽׹
ɽڰϵǰϤˣ
ȻǼҲڰֻǸһֻͨǰûˣ
٣滹Ȼ֮ǰôѲ˴ߡ
顱Сѯʵλ͹٣ˮˡ
ɫˣȥ֮ǰС˵Ҫƺúףһ
Ȼͣѧ˵һǾûʲôףġ
ͭ嶼ˣȥš
˭֪һţŷε˳ǰ״˹ᣬƭ飬ȥš
˹᣿ƭ飿
˼µĳ⼸ۣٿЩŷε˵ģ𣬻ѪҺţ飬һϣŵĻͷܵܣң


57  57 
һ, ˽һ¡
ʱԺԶˣϾͷŰӡ
һ˷ǳ˳, ˵㡣
֪ԺԳɼǷƻģʱ㣬Ű״̼ҵӡ
֮Ϊǰ, ݾûãж˿, ݵλ߶١
Ҫٳˣûüʳ, ѻͰȱҲС
ƾٽճ⼸գλѲ˶Ȼûʱ̼ҵ£ֻҪѻû, ܱܲжδ֪
˷Űǰһ죬ܵ͵ݼʱչ˼, ԼŸĸǰء
ǱߵĿջѾ, סѧС
һ, ʹ״ʦҸĸȥˡ
״ˣҪЮƭ飡
ºˣѯʡ
״治Ů, һ, ״ɷŮҲõȥ˻ĵ֮ѯ, ֮ٳز֮
ֵΪ£
״ʦʱ, ΪŮǰ˹, ƭӳŮһ£ǰյληǰף֮ǰû֤ݣλ֤֮Է
Ҳʦүüͷ𣬽ˡ
µǵһ˵֪Ůƭ飿ǵһŴ£Ϊѯʡ
ǰջ˹ף˵ǿٹȥҪη
ⱲӾûˣһ飬ȷʵǶ٣һλǰĿ֮±ײģȻÿο϶ֹˣľ˵˶ˡ
ˣܷȥҲһҵ
Ѻ
ûʣ˾
֮شˣСŮĸ̸֪ԭίΪܻң෬̽ȷģֻ֮ǰû֤ݣС˲
Ůڣʡ
Ⱥгڡ
ʱźһ˵ϸĽ֮˵ݣ³¯ȫ֮һ¡
ɫ֣࣬ϽĵܹȡεԽ࣬ܵļνҲԽ࣬൱
̳ܽԺԵһͬţ˵ѧ˵á
ܰҵĹŮǺˣɫºͣǺ˵ģ
ʦүѾɫü·뼺޹ء
̼ҳѻоɣ㽻鲻
̬ı仯Ȼģƻ˳ʵʩʣµֻǳйˣ¶һĨЦ񸾵ԭΪСˮҹ˯˽̸˵ڶ񸾾Ѱ˽ڻйʶд״ϣ˿
״ʦ״ʣǰص֮෬̽ĴţԼֲ²̾ȫһ顣
״ʣ״ʦĽִ֣ûĵطٿһ飬һ
ѹҼ̽ȷɡ
ҲΨ߼Ϊγһγף仯ô󣬶Դӣȫǰ;ΪȢˡ
˽ѹʡ
֮ľͿʼˣȻҲŮΪʲôô϶£˴򽻵سŵģ
Ů/ŷס
ı
ܿͷϸ첲¶ϻδɢڽϵһ̣·𿴼ʲô־Ķͫһͷʵʵڵϡ
ʣ״ǵǰٳز򷸰һ£һг˹£д£
̧ͷԣȷд¡
֮ŵأỨ˸ó⵽Ӧˣ
˻һ׾ٱشЩţʣ֤ݣ
˹ϵͷһ˵Ҳ״ӦǸ壬Գһ壬Ƕ˵ܴ֮ȺүСõپǶ٣˭֪ʱò·ǳ֣ǻΪǳòᣬһ֮£뿳ûţֻ˽š
˵óһ˫ַϣ͵ǰ
˲ºҲţպڡ
ʣ˷ͷʾ˵ġ
ЩһЩ˴ȥҲһ󾪻ŵĻȻ²˭˵֪˵һ˵Ϊ𶯣û뵽Ȼôֶƭ顣
˵˾͵Ҿ˵ԾɣԭǺ˹ᣬôĵӣȳ˵ȾıӦˣ
ǿңƭǲҰ
˵Ů纮ΪӶ˳̼ң纮ϳ˷β񶯲Ϳȣ嶼ˣһֱš
˵𣿽ŰһžŮ̳ģǽĿȾʮ̵꣬ñá
ҵүô̼ɥİҪûг̼ңŮ֪ͽ̳ˣҪزǻᷢչøã
Ǿǡ
۷׷ףŵǶѣһȲķԳǴ
ʱҲ龭ֻﷸˣ˴һӣȥͬʱǰȥѯʴСͳʶ֮ˣжǷģ˳㽫ĸ׽ù
*
պýŰӣڿأ˼ȥȽƽ۵Ŀջһ£˾ҵ
ӵʱ䣬ò
ͱòŵδѪɫûУȷǱòŹġ
ȵſڣĵһһȺָָǡ
ǲмģͬһϣ/ۡ
ڲŬ򶨣ָָ˾Ͳţָؿ϶
˷ǱţȻΪûˣʵҲȫȲõĶˣλȻȽϸߡ
ڿȴȫһ
ĵطòѺŹʱĺ޲ط͵Ҳǰˡ
ƫƫܣҪò͵š
õĵطججȻͼбԼŵ˻ͷʱĿѣȻѣ㡪
⼸ƵƵεȻĳԼǰˣ
̬ȣһѾûһû֮ϱ֮
òɿֱ֣Ӿһſڵϣһ˿ֻʣ֣ˡ
Ѻòˣʱʮ־ţ֣ƺҲΪ飬ܵܳѻΪ˱ǳ¶ˣְһˣѻ֮Уûд빫á
һе
ûЦò̫ɰˣȻѻһ㶨ˡ
ӽѻû취Ҿȱˡ
ıҲµúãһй
òصĩλվš
΢΢һЦɫȴȻ˵ʶˣ
ϸϸ۳Ȼϵͷشˣٲˣһ·㱻ˣȷʵûӣǾˣ˭֪һӣǣ˵ǽһ׮⣬ʱǵģֵǮݵ֤
ĵͷ֮˹ʳȴҪЮͼƭ飬йл˵
Ұҧȴ̫ңݿֱ죬ȴһԲ
˵
һ˵Լй
ǵģûƱ磬Ϊ֤̫ˣ
ǴʱһƬհףóõĶԲߡ
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ǡòܿһùߣ̧ˣһĳľϣͿʼ
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ױӴƨ/۵亹ֱð۴еͬʱٿ޺ϣģ
ͣ
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ˣɵ֤֤ڣҲйˣϴ˵Ϻͳ̸֪࣬˵Ǵӷɣ
ǡ
ܿòϴ
ƽŵȴսսÿһŵĴ鿴֪Ϊαͨη塣
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ʹԱգĸ׵Żֵۣ̿ƿҵߡĿʲô֪ġ
µĻûӦʶʣʲô
죡ٻû㻰
ŵһ졣
Ҳһ£µĿ
˵ϣ״Ӻ˹ƭһ£֪飿
ԶȻɴŭһԵ֮ϣЫˣҶɷȻ
ӵ¸ֹڷŭ϶û˵ϴʱ⣬ϰԺһ
ȿȡǱŵˣеĿ֮
֮Ůסϵŭ⣬˹ỹˣҸӦãΪʲôһ㶼ȣ֪£
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ҧҡҡͷɿڣ񸾾ǲ֪
ʱŴŵ˵شˣȷʵ֪һΪ
Цӻ־˶֡
һոնԳַϸ֣ǰӴȥ۵ֱӴҽֺȻ
۾ŵñϣͷأʵʵһƬȻ
򣡡
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һ´ž/ž/žᣬʹͨ죬ҲûסУ
ʾ֣ͣϱϹڵϣһ߿һߺˣһʼȷʵ֪ǺҶӲ˵ģ治֪
һľľȫ𶯣ûѯʣǺʱ֪ģ
ϱŵһʹ˱ӵĵطʹֱɥʶ˵Ҷȳβʱ򡣡
ȳʱδҪЮȢޣĿһ䣺֪鲻Ҳƭ飬һȣ
оֻû䣬ŵԭֻǰæҲǷʱ޺񸾾һʱϣתϣҶֻΪϲµģҲûʲôҰɣˣ
飿֪ζ޲Ƕж񱨣֮¶һĨЦݣˣСԴӳ͸Ǯ˵гĻѺʵлСŮױ֤ʵƭ飬ΪСŮ
֮ǰһͨõ˵
ӹϸϸ꣬ͷȻƭ飬ףµȻڣŮĻԼʹ˽
˵ĳ͵̧ͷżˣӣôܲأ
ǰ;ûˣֱ֮ⲻ˵ģҲȳˣò׵Ӿûˣ
ģȻ»Ƿһ䡣
ƭĻԼ˼ҵļױƭ˼ҵ⳥ȻҪԼ
߷ͣһ˿ϣҾʲôôգҲǻƻŮˣΪҪ㣿
Σ⵽ӦҾ͸ˣҪҪ˵㣬ģû㣬û˳̼ң/պ󶨹ñ֮ǰǧ򱶣
дʹٶĲʡԹޣᶨģΪıߡ
ǧټĻ¡ôȫԭΣԼȣҪɹ
ܲסǰһڣιȥ
Ͼţϴ󣡡
üͷһ壺ˣһˮ


58  58 
µǴͷβûǣѻ, ţ൱ڹҹԱ, ÿ궼ã˰Ҳܼ⣬ٲù򣬵λͨ˸ߺܶࡣ
ûʮ֤ݣǲ⶯
Ҳ֮Уѻֳ֪͸ĸ, ҲᱻǣĿǰӸԶԶûеĵز
ϵЧ󣬽ǳϵо, ˸ݷµس̶, ֱʮʮڣԼʮ, ʮڡ
ͷ, Գ̼ҵģ̼ҴҶȥǮԼϣó̼ҹ黹Ǯ, Ҫ⳥
Ӿ㹻˳һˡ
˵ں⳥
ҪǮʱеñԼҪӻ, ޵
Ǵܴ, εֱˮ, ޿, ȻѾ޶, ֻ¶һҵЦ, ֮֮һ㡣
֮о, ᳹ܵĸϲã̼ҿⱨӦˣ
ǰⱨӦˣĸҲôģȻϲòʮǿңЩˡ
˱ӦΪ˻֮¶ҵ޹ȴֻŬ
ԼŮ
ҲܿģܸоԭڱкʱͺܸˣȻԭڴǴӡ
ֻҪѲҵСϲѻʱ̳ܽȥ
̳ȥź~
ǵʹģоֱӶΧȺڿǷµ³
˱ۣһ˱òѺֹֿƣˣ˾͸У
Ӵ˼СһúõعŮڳ˼޹˵ģԺټޣˣ
öã˵òϡ
˺ˣмóһԲεĿյأòܿ콫ʰϣ˱Ѻڰϣĸˣһӣվڳࡣ
Լල̣
žһʽʼ̡
಻ϵĹĴ֣ųϵĲҽУ쳹
֮ȺǲҽУÿһԭеԹһ֡
ԭĺҪǼϣͿˡ
ܿ˾ͱ򵽳ѪٿȥаհۣתҸĸǻȥɡ
ͷ۳̼ˣнһ֤֤ԭͳ޸ϵ֤
һ뿪߳ȺѵȺѧ֣
ЦŵͷҸĸǰ
*
Ѻѻòõָʹ򿪲ţүˣˣүֱȥ
ѻһҪѯʡ
߾ϤĲҽУɫ΢䣬˵Ѹܳȥľĸ׺͸类ӵĳ
òÿһ´öǳʵ̶̼£ϺͳʹǺ죬ɤӺз·ܼʹ
ѻҧأһٿΧߵˣɫѿһ䣺Ϊ£
ʵڽкã˵ⱻӺ˹ᣬҪӢ۾˴ȳȣȴ˻ԶҪЮӽŮ޹Ҫ˺öߣŮӵĸףǰף֤ȷ䣬ҲйˣǻӴ
ѻƤ˶ֽűһػ
龹Ȼ¶ˣ
û뵽ģΪҾ棬ûҲӦòɣû뵽үôƫҡ
˿޺ʮʹ࣬ѻһͲٿƳһϤӰ
ſһۣԷתƺδע
ǱӰѻȴϳ
֤ȷ䣿
Ҹģѻ⣬ȨƣܸɹҲҵˣ
ȻʦүĹϵôҲĸ˵ġ
ѻضǱӰͼԷһӭۿһ죬ɱӿ֡
ƺˣ֮ǰʹľ
ѻһٿתˣ֮ǰȣȥѲ˵Ůܲת
κòҲǴӷֱһŵĲԺţֱжŷ뿪Ȼûжʲô˺ɵҪʱ䡣
ܵ÷ɿ죬ʱ򶼹˲ԼûãҪټС㣬϶һõ״̬ǱҲˣֻҪܾԼҴ硣
ֻǵ֮ǰС˵ĵطѲΪŮҵסĵطõĻظȴǣҼС㲻ڼң
ѻˣСȥˣͷ˵һ¡
ŷɨ°ø߸ߵģСȥ֪ģ
ѻͷһ֪ԼѾͷҲ㲻ʲô˵ģѲƷ٣
Ĩ˰ʧǵ뿪
û£첻ڣҵ˵ġ
ѻֻôһΨнץסţû뿪أ˼ҸӼª˵Ŀջסţڶһȥˡ
һζԷȥͨתͷ˲ڡ
ôһ磬ȥģ
ѻ֪ȴҲֻǼװ֪ȥѯʣȵڶ
һ죬ڣС̲סˡ
*
˵׼ǳ
һ仰ߵſڵķŮŵû˲ߣҲûǿۿͨ죬ſǻͰɣʲô£
ͷЩļֵǿĶǣʽƾ٣ҲֻȻ֮Уһ£׸繴ƭĳ£ˣ㿼ȡ˿ƾ٣Ҳ䲻㣡
ܰĶͷðҲҪ䲻ϣҵģȥɣ
֣ٴκǳ⣺Ҫ޸ˣպһڽǰ̧ͷģ
ܰ߸ͷģⶼˣ֤ǲҪҾʳܶҾҪҲʲôˣֲôֻҪһ仰϶ӵģ
ɫһ࣬ŶԷ
ܰȴһҲη壬ĹҲ֣ˣɡ
ĶŲǵһη
ӳѻһιֹˣֻһͨ䲻Ů
ȵ磬´˶䣬Խ¶ġ
Ů˿ûжҡ
Ҫ͵͵ȥ
ҲŮùӣ֪ǴѲӣȴɵ͵͵Ȼˣô죿
ֻܴ
̫ܰС׾ûвӦҪһ谭ҲЭ
һС˾飬ΪѲ־Ĩƽ
ܰ⣬ͬˣֹΪ䲻ԼŮ

һĺ
ҧҧأվģЭҿԾڵȡǰĳɼҲͬһģ
ܰϲлл
һִŮȥ
һα˾ܾĳѻҧתȥ
˼ȴһĺ̹ӣ
ѻŲסһ˿⣬һεĿƳˡ
λѲ˵ǧԤƵĸںֻεĽ˰һ
ѻתЦݴżֿɬĻͷ
*
̼
¶һ˴żϣĿ⿴صķŨŨĵǡ
磬˸ò֮ǰ˵壬ΪǸԼͶæˣȴԷû壬
¶׷һ£û׷ϣһȥأߵ·ֻš
δҲʮֽʱˣǽˣ¶ȥɣû׼һǾͻˣʱѻүˣ
¶ƲƲ죬Ҳ룬ֻиⲻ
Ҫȥ
ȻһϽܳȥͼһգ۾͵˸ǰ
¶δѯʣԷѾѯʵǳļң
ǣ¶Цò磬Ҵ𣿡
ͷòһ֣żǰزˡ
ʲô¶һɫѾòˣ΢΢ŬЦǿִò磬Цɣ
òЦһ˵˹ᣬƭ飬ʮʮĸǰףʮʮҪȥֱȥرߵγӪǹ£ǳ̼ҵŮ¸ǼٵģЩҸǼҵӶҪҪ⳥СϽȥҳүҾ͵ȥˡ
¶ɫˢİȥֵĿǣ˵
δСܹԶʱǰһڣŵܣôƭأ
ɲܲ˵㡣òЦԶϰĸϺйˣϽģ춼ˣǻҪ㽻
¶һǽò磬˵ЦĶ𣿡
ܵģ
ô䵽Ǽͷϣ
еҶ϶ѾˣǱˣҶġ
аɣ㲻֣Լ֡ͷòѾͷˣֱӻӿ󲽽ȥ
δҪֹȴͬһӣʹڵء
òӣǾͲ˵ģ˽̼ңֱӿʼ䵹ҡ
¶иһǽԼ䣬ŵֱУǳȥҵķ䣡
ҿɲܣǼһҪʮӣԼ֣ˣòüһӣֽ·ⶪȻͿһǮӡ
¶һʹʮ˽ǮʱԴǿհףֱ˹ȥءǷſҵģ
ʲôģ㲻ߣòֱӽƵڵأˤ˸ƨ/ɶգǮ򿪣Կ˿ʮңҡ
ϴиǮ
ϴҲи
ǳȥҼң¶ۿĸ׷Ҳӣ緿ҲУܻĺ
òʵҲۿŻһأҲܲˬüʲôöܵծһߣ
¶û뵽գ߰ļң޳أ磬ǿ


59  59 
ǿ̳ļŷ, ֱ˰æҪӡ
òȥ̼Ѽңʱ, ᶼڼңܳһò참һͶԴȥֻŶ
ֱߣ̼ұѵѾ϶֪ˡ
òʱ, Ҳ֪ˡ
ͷòǮϣε˵ӣС, ʵѲ, ׶ѹˣֻҳһٶ, û취, İٶֻܵȳ̼ǿų̼һЩֵǮĶ, ˡ
֮һԺ˵֮ǰ, ʵҲһīֽ, ǳͳѻĶ, Щ鼮ۼһʮ
֮Ů, ҡҡͷ, ֮лλ, , Ա裿
˲ˣҵȻҪŻȥ˽òڰ֡
֮㰤һЦ˵ͷλˣˣվݣЩǲˣ鷳λ͵ӤȥЩǳõģʵڲҪ
ɡòǮ鶼࣬󷽷ĵͷ
أֱһˡ
ˣţܳĿţʵ㣬ǮģΪʲôòҪӣ
Цǳ̼ǵġ
̫ˡӣ
ǵüΪ˸̼ӣԼʳ϶ֹ㡣
Ȼˣ̼׬ôӣ֮ҡͷмЦЦ˵гǮӣûô࣬ˡ
ŵͷԣˣӴ˳̼ҺǼûһϵˣҪˡ
ϹԹԵͷ
֮ŮҲŵͷ
ĸ÷ֵ㣬Էˡ
ӿŲҲһ죬춼棬ʳ
࣬ˡĸڰ֣˳̼ңҲǳãһŤͷɷվǿţߴٵ㣬أ
֮Цһ£Źˡ
*
·ݵԺĻҸӵϢĶʼף
һڶ졣
Ű֮ʮ춼ţףԼӡ
Ϊֵ¶̶ʱ̳ţѧıУ2:1ˣʵ˾ޡ
ѧ͸¶ȥѺⱦһʼҶ˭֪˵˻˴洦
Щ֪˲٣ʱ徺ûĳѻ˵;Ȼصһõһѹ³ѻĹ⻷
˵ԺԿʼҪóѻ˳
ʵҪѧʱ̣Ҳ²ߣܹŵ˸ࡣ
ѧ⺢ȻӲʤѹˣ⣬Ҳ޸ģǷƽʱûġ
κξһǿˡ
ٽӦԺԵģԡǰ
̹ѧʮŷģ˵Ҫ̣û뿪
ֻȷʵСطϢͨѧϰҲ١
ȥһӿ˽ӡ
Ҹĸ֮ǰûչ˺ŮŮ޸һʮֺڣʲôŮ˵Ҫȥأֱ֮Ӵһӣң
ʵ׬˲ӣг̼ŪһٶȥȻڻѣֻҪѧУûǮ˵ʱӡˢ鼮Ҳӷ㡣
Ȼͬңͺܺ˵ˡ
ֱӽϢ͸¶ȥпصʾԼҷӿ裬ֻͣҪԼҺѧ֤߱š
ѧæʦҼзӿţֱȥҼҾͺá
죺ҲҪȥ
ѧͷЦ˵ѧҵΪأԸһȥء
˽ףӷ㣬ˬͬ⡣
ʮ󣬼ҾͰˡ
˽վҸڣĽѧ٣˵ֻţҡͷˣѡһ¡
еѡʦ֮һĿҲɡ
Ū֮Цãˣ˶ȵʤ
ȻֻǶŮгϢиж
ȻǺһˡ
ˣżæ޸ҵ
ִĽģʽŵСѧЧʼߣܵŵ˶ĴģֻҪ㲦ٶȺܿ졣
Ƶİһοˣ˶ۿɼĽ
Ϊڴ£һʱ䣬ʮֳ㣬üƻͰͰĽС
;Ѳ뿪ǣȥһγӪȻϣˣʹӣԷģÿζ顣
⣬γӪûгˡ
϶ˡ
ûֻȥϣ̼ȥ¥գܱߵ˵Щǰˣ͵͵ߵģΪδѾͷеÿˡ
Цһ£ϱδܸߣΪǸʱѻʦ壬ƾ֮·ÿνǳãⱲһңĸа
һֻȷԼĲ²⣬֪ˣͻȥˡ
ʲôӦûУ֮Ҳò׼ȥʲô˵̼լӶˣο϶̫ǲȥˡ
֪Це
û֮ҵŮ͵ֻһ㡣
ܿһʱת˲ţ١
ʮѧǰһǰȺ
֮ţһŮƣѧҲȥμԺԣû¾ȥǵţûбϲ
ǰȿ϶ǵȲŰ죬ˡ
һʮұϲг⺢ӸٶȻýԪ
żһʱ䶼챻̤ˡ
żν
һ֮ͽ˸ˡ
ֻȫܾˣҵĵˣ˵Ҹһȥǡ
ĵѧ󾪣ʦ˵ЦɣôԶ·
Ǿ뻳Ҫ£·ݾǻ֮ʱΪ˱֤Լ˳ﾩǲμӿԣѧһ㶼ǰùȥ
Ҫ̲һʲСĿ
ҲͨԿƾٵԭ
ڶɣҸĸķԣǼҪȥֻ˵ȥʶһ¡
һҸĸû취Ψͬ⡣
ܿʮһ£ѧԼ̣һͬǰȻҲһȥ
ĸͱŮ̾Ļصֻüﶼûˡ
ϰĸ׼ͷЦ𣿡
ĸЦӵԴǲһ
֮ҲΪģϿҲϣɴѧǷ£ԼüĻžǵķʮƣĺܺôȥǱߣ
ȥԹ˵ľˣֻϧǰǻûݵĶԾǵļ䣬ȴôãǱ߸Ź̫࣬һСĿܾ͵ˡ
ʱĸҴҸżҵģ㶯ӡˢ𣿡
ֱ֮ҡͷûаⲻ㸺𣿡
ĸɻ󣺡ȥˣ˺ö࣡
֮ŹȥȻרӡˢ鼮׼õһѸֿ֣˺ܶ࣬һۿȥӶˣطȴ룬û
ĸֹѲ
֮ҪŵͷȻһ⣬ʲôЦ˵ˣһиҵûãȳȥһˡ
·СġĸԵһ䡣
֮ӻ֣ŲҴҡ
ûȥڣȴȥγӪҪһ֮ǰ׼ϡ
صľһ֣˵ͼģæء
֮ЦЦҲϵ˳ȥٴο򾩳ǵķЦ/ȥǵġ
ɵŮôͶų̼ˣ
ʵѾ뱨ˣ
һʧȥŮô죿
ֻ֮ȨƣڿЩˣŮѾˣ׷ȥҲ
֮סеĻ̵֣̿߻ؼҡ
ġ
һģ
*
ڹŴ·ûеġ
ҪǸһ·ģѧ
ȻѧȻҪץʱѧϰ
Ҳ¼ѧһƴ·ѣ
ϾͿǵĹΣȱ©ʱ͸̸·ĻľҪš
пα飬żϻҪһĵ˳һα֮ġ
һ·ߵĶǹٵҲûˣ˳ʱ¶һ͵˾ǡ
һǰļ䣬ߴ׳صĻǣԵø˴Ŵ໪
յһͽܼھݣ׼סҲһѰȥ
ʱٺãҪš
ʦҪȥ䣿ѧԸͬʰ׼ȵˮͼ´һҪȥӣæ˵һ
ȻʦŮӣ˵ҲǼ꣬ѧʶˣûţһ·ϼѧտ
ǵĺģǾܾˣãҾ䣬ͬ
ЩɣкܴʦէѧͬȽϺãʦϲѧҪлͬһ
治ãҷڡЦŰ֣ƽʱжװ磬Ůӡ
һ˵һ죬񣺡ʦעⰲȫ
šף첽ȥ
ʱǳ¶ȻȽϵͣ·ʵ࣬ǾסĵطҲ⣬ҪߵҪȥĵطͦõġ
Ҳʱ磬һһ߹䣬żСԳԣ˳㿴һ䣺һЩٶסѽ
һ˵ʮѰ̯ĵ˵ǰĻ֡Ͻ֣Ͻֻһֻ׹ݣִٱȽ϶࣬ȥʱСĵ㣬ǰضࡣ
ллЦе
ӣǻŲ뿪ǰ֡
Ȼɣһ֮լҲܴ
ߵһլǰͣ½Ų
լӣ
ôһû˽Ҳ̫ͣʱ䣬۾ˡ
ҵط֮ļ죬ÿ춼
ֻǺÿγȥװһԼôۣżҸ俴ڵˣżҸ߲Ĳ¥һһֱ뿴Ŀ֡
ҵҪҵˣͲٳ֣ھ̵ѧ
ֱٽԣĺͼѧȻԥԥ
һֽһ鱾ӣ¿˵
˶һۣĬɳɼõĳĳʦ֮ǰȥ˳ѻ
ͳڿ˭֪
֮ǰͱⲻ˵ʦ˭ǹ˻ԡ
ʱǲԣڷ˳ѻͲ²ԭΪ̼˶飬ĶӣȴǣҿŻòϸ֪ѻȻƷٵǧˣһӾ⡣
ҪǹѻϣҪ¡
ֻ¼Ȼ¶ǾҪʦ˵һ
ɫ֪ˣǿר𣿡
ĵһ㶣û뵽ʦܲǡ
*
ݵĲû˷ϣǳѻĵˣһʱ䣬ȻЩ죬Ҳûǵ˭
ǵָġ
ʱ䶼ôã·࣬Ȼỹǵ̡
ѻŬ飬ŻԺ͵Աڱصõ뷨һҪУٽҵܳΪסص㲻ɣҲҪǸһġ
ź֪ʲô³
ĸ׵˰ӣһֱűγӪ̳ʱ˾ѾһϢһΪȲˡ
Ҵĸ׵ǳǿӲǰ˹
ĸ׻ãʮȻԪһҲˣɴͲһˣʮ壬ԭȾȼһ£ֱӽóײзϣڻҪÿҩڴ޷µء
¶ã̼˶ϣڳѻϣܸУиõǰ̣Ҹۡ
ǰһ죬Ϻͳ¶˻ͳѻȥԡ
ųѻתϺȻȺһ£۵һףȻˣȴزˣÿһΣҪһңƲסһҪУ
ѻһûлͷŲصߡ
Կ˸ϸ׵ĿԼСһֻܿ汾¡
Եģ
ʱԱߴòģˡ
ѧ˴
ò˲볡Ĳ裬ѻĶֻ֣÷Ϥ͵Ļͷľ֮ǰһúˡ
һͳ֣ԭȲ̫ǵõ˶Ӧϣѻ
ѧ
ǵ֮ǰԺԣ˻ͷָ˺ӡ
Ҫ̳ѧĸһ²鷳
ǣҵĹϵȥ˷ǳԺѧ￼ԣ˳ˣмΡ
Ϊĵʦ͸ԡ
ˣ
һСطӵŮȻ̳ܽԵѧ
ѻͷһ˲ͱǼòһ£ȥʱ䡣
ϽȺǰȥ
Ϊͷųĵ£ѻʶǰһ˹ȥȴֵȵ˵طߴֻæ˳еѯŵò硭
ڷһصԼĿҪ£һƫͷǸľԼԱߣ
պöԷڿǰĿԣ΢΢һЦżơ
ѻһûǰһƬڡ
Ե


60  60 
Թ, ҪȰ²ܷŰ
Ű죬Ȼɽ˺
ʵϻԹˣǾѾǹʿ, ֻΪЩʿһ, ѡɫǰ, Ϊص
Ű, ̼Ŀ˶ˡ
ǳҲͲסйһڴյĿ־壬Ҫһʱ֪Ū˸, һš
һŵ˺ܶ, ÿһ, кö˹רſ֡
ڻûʱҶǸɵţ͸׺˼롣
ͷŻŵģҲ֪ʲôԭ, ƺ֮ǰԺһĸо, ̲סٴȷϣ϶ȷ϶ܹɣ
ѻ, ϶˼ֲͷʦ˵ֻҪճ, Ӧûģ
Ϻͳ¶˵Цˣô϶ܿģ
ԣϴ, ͱһֱ, ʵΪҲŵòС
ǰ, , ôΡѻֻ˵⻰ֲġ
ǴΣһʼͳʦԵĿƫƫóżªĸ壬Χ˵Ķܾøڵĳ±񣬲һʹҳ
͵³ѻļ
ڴУŪΣֻֽ
ڳ𣬳ѻʱ顣
ŶܵĻش𣬳ûиԼ¶һģˣΪģֻΪ˳ѻ̬ȱ仯
ڻ֮ǰţֱ˵Ӧò⡣
Ӧÿԡ
ȴ˵ʦ˵
ͷԲԣ
ˣĸ׺öʣЦһοԼûµģٵǡ
ʱȺһˣ
˶һµŲȥ
¶磬ȥ
¶ȴҲȲҲһʱ֪иٵĸˣסĸףȥҺͶȥš
˵ŲϷӦųѻȥ
ʱʾǰ˼ˣ˭Ǹʾһ޲ȥſ
ҪȥǱ֮ǰԺԻҪֲٱ
ϾһΡ
󲿷˶Ǵӵһʼ
ѻҲ⣬ò׼ǰͷͷһѻŰסģ֣һ
磬һֽû㣬󿴡¶
̫֣þʹģɳѻոտĵڵһȴûԼģߺˣС
¶ƲƲ죬ϽŹȥ
ѻɫ̫õĸţӵһʼÿһֶҪһ飬ֱȷûԼŲߡ
һֱͷβ
ԭĳ¶ɫҲԽԽá
ѻǴѿɫףѵҪʧˣ
磬ʣһˡ¶Сˡ
ѻȴø߷ߣҧ
һûУûУ
ûУ
һֱһѻûпԼ֡
¶ҲĿɿڴˣпѻ磬ôûأ
ѻҲʡ
ôûأ
ȻʦǻֽĿҲͦõİ
ôûأ
ѻķ·˴һȭƵۣ۵ǰڣܣ϶ǿ©ˣٿһ顣
ԱߵһҲеĴ𣺡ܣҶôܻУҪٿһΣ
һüĸһƴͷϣʲôûоûУﶼʮˣ˰Ժ׼ˣʵʵڼҴţ
˻뷴ȲŮˣֱӱȺ
¶ͳѻֱĿһУǲԼͬ˳ѻҲŮǿԷ
Ϊ뻹ˣŮ˹ʮ顣
ǻûס
ѻûУ
ңԼ
¶ǵø࣬ûжͱȺȥһ£ۿĸ׺ʹ¶̲ס磬֮ǰ˵Ҳӣ˲ѧҸոտü֣ǲѧ
죡ѻɫѿĵͺһ
¶ŵöһ£˵
ʱϺͳҲ߽˵ӣĳ£ʽҲֱ૵ѻû
¶ˣŴ˵
ѻ£һѿЦݣˡ
ϴ㶺һӴһĿڣ㲻˵һôͲˣ
ѻᣬҲ֪ȥǾõѧԺ
Ϊʲôûϣ
ѧˣ
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һλԣѺûô׼һ·һһ⣬ѾУѧ͸
һλԣһڰ񣬳˳ĵһ֮⣬ҲΨһǳСˡ
Բˢˣǵ˵һ¼ȡˣֻǵ⼸ǰչʾԼʱ
û˻᲻ӡ
ҲΪǽһģ⿼ԣǵ̬
ȵԵգ˹ȻֱѧҪ࣬һѧбۣԭͲλǰһЩ
һ״Ԫɣ˶ڶ֮С
Ե죬״Ԫɴν֣ޣΨһСһ˸ڴǿţϲ
ȴһƬơ
Ů˵ĻٿŹԼǰϴŮҪˣѻҰģȻҡȻҡҲǣ׷Ϸһ̵˲԰
ŭɲŲȥɱ
״Ԫɴν֣ϲ¡
һ״ԪɲֹѧʶԨĲȻҲ̽ɶеЩá
ԼŮѡеˣȫڵϣ
˻Ҫʲô
ˣ״ԪɻδףҲûл䣬ŮҪ״ԪɸŮŲ
˭ֱ֪ܰӹڵϴ˵ڻǣԿأ֮£Ѿܼ޸ˡ
Ķȥɱ˳ѻ֪ˡ
ɲһ仰˵軵ֱܰӱʹԣҪɱҾ͸һ
һʹٳ谮Ů̲ס̧һߣۿŮߵڵϣɭȻҪޣ
ܰ޵ңȴɼᶨĵͷҪޣ
³һУǾͼޣպǹϷˣϷҲܣ
׺ݲĲŮԸҲݲĿɱ
⻰˵ĺݣ֪ܰ˵ֻһʱ
ȻˣĽܰ޸״Ԫɣ»֮ҹѾͱȾǾͲǽףǽˡ
ܰҪޣֻܼ޺ÿƵġ
Ȼϲֵ˵زǾͼްɡ
˿ڣܰϲȥѻ˵ˣ̼ڻѻ񶼲ȥˣ±Լҵù
˵ԸףͣýţóԼȫʲƸ
ʱײһٷܽģмҪѰµʱڡ
ڼ䣬Ҳʼˡ
*
ϡ
һЩ٣½ĿƾѧӣȫһãʵҲ֡
һ㶼Լյ״Ԫɵ˵仰ݸĿ
һҲ⣬ʵ۵һľǳġ
ֻǺͬĵ˻ʵ۵İʾδһһʱ͸£¹Ŀ
˫ַϴͳӡ
ǺʵȤ
ǼʦһżзֵģмһΪӡˢҪд鼮ɶ̶ʱӡˢʮ鼮
˵꣬ԭЩСֳֹһƬžʵֱӾվ㵵˵Ŀ棿
ĵر£Ѿ֤ʵġ
鼮ڣʵ۵
ҡͷر£ֻǼʦżȻһʼδϣֱһͶ·лһԳɹӡˢ鱾ɹѹء
ʵЩʧ䣬Ǽ̫ϳеӣȲӹһϸĽ˷ֻⶼֻ֣ʣڿֱӡˢ
ѧӡˢ鼮ĳɱ󽵵ͣʱʶ֮ʿԽӣ֮ҡ
ĵͷʦڹſڵţֻȱٻ
ʵҪͷֱٻȻһ֣ΪܣټżлõĲֹһ˿
ʵĿڣ޻££ģ
ǡǰţŻʵ˳硣
˵ıӰ¶ĽɫѹСط̳״ԪɣʦͲ
ȻŲǳʦģչ¶еģĴ£ñ¶࿴
ҪԼŮγ
ǲ֪ΪΣһֱʲôõҪƵġ


61  61 £꣩
û˼ĵʦ
˵˻ʵۺ, Żʵ۸ʥּ뿪ǣصǡ
˵̸Ҳ˿ֻ˵֮, ӡˢͳȫƹ㡣
Ȼƹǰһ, ǰѲժɴñܵ顣
һд⧲
, ûŪԼ׷˺, ñ˴󶯸ɸꡣ
ֱʱ׼ŮһӱȻӦĵʦ, ͳ̼ʲôϵ
ԭ, ֻ漰ԱƷ, ʵԹ£ò֣ʱʻͬĿ״ԪɵʦһŮ, ǰѻƭ, ǳѻĴɩж, ˻Ȼա
ôҲû뵽𰸣Ȼͷһ, ޵ĺڡ
óŮ޷죬ȻΪϵһۣ
Ůӣƭ飿
, ˵ʲôأס, Ը, úõشڼ, ͻȻץηһ仰ûУֱӱӻµģ֣״ԪɵʦñԹ£Ҷǣ
ŵ૵ôܣǽ̳һ״ԪɣôܱȾٻ
ֱӲԸţ󺰵ٵļٵģһ鸾棬ôôƭ˵ģ
ѻɵۣǧ㣬û뵽ҺõĿɽһܣȫΪһ
ˣǲ᣿һͨŮӣЩ̳ͣ״Ԫɣôܵñ࿴أѻš
ǵĻᣬϵֱ֣Ӻǳ⣺ϣ
˶֡
ﱻ˶ʵ˵廰ˣҪйٱڵϣűĴʯ棬ȥˡ
ʱ俪ʼУȻǶˣǱپ¶ˣ»Ҫء
Ұ޷
ȻҲЩɻ󣬾ĵʦޣ˻ӡˢȺҲӣȻԾȵĻᣬֱȥɴñŮԼԱ
Ʊ˸˱¸ΪصĶ
лں쳣κζزԷɱһֲݣ
ʣд̳ﷸвдǰᵳӪ˽ܻ¸ûʲô׷ﲢɲС
ҰլӣԱҲٽְһЩ˱ʮȥۣŮΪûֱΥֻǴӷ˶ʮֱȥѻɻ顣
ڳٴռѺѻṦһٿƾ١
¶Ϊ֪鲻Ĵӷ̶΢ֻʮӣ
оҲŲס۾һɣȥȴǱȥһȥĲͨγӪ̲ΣԺһССķ䣬Ҫ˹ã΢һľܻų
һжڶ̶̵ʱ㶨
ֵܰ޸ѻʱκģ̼˱ʣֻʣ³ѻһõˣ¶ڴϣ»ӸǶʮ壬û
Ȼûбǣ̫ھǿľ˵Ѿشˣ˺ǣܰˣûһ˹
ȫڻʵ۵ʥּ£ȥ̫ѹų׵ģȫûһ㷴أ޷˱ţɲԸϹͰȥ
ӡ
ɣ붴̫ߺⳡûκĻɡ
˿̫뿪̼ΪªķӣٿŶԷܰۡһ޳ǽųѻ㾿ʲôţ
ѻɫ˼ֳմľȻҡͷ૵֪
֪ܰధĵ֪Ϊ㽫۳ҵˣҪۣ
ܵܺʱһᶼûֻк⡣
ΪĲƫԶһӣȻ̳ţΣж٣Աж٣
˭֪һұ䣬Ȼ񣬲ŷԭ̼ҵô
ʵ۶Ҫӣ
ѻƤ˲Ż֮ǰıŵ뿪ʱ˵ɱ⣬ٿĳֻһЦҺ㡣
ܰԹޣȴʧˡ
̱ٴϣɫںȴãȻԼΣΣ
˵ٴΣȰҪ޸Ҫʵ˵һжҵġ
˿϶ǺԼ˳ϣƫҪǳ׵ģҪӹã벻̫˵⣡
ܰӣЦݣûϵŬܽӹõģ͸ǲĲҵġ
ѻͷá
ֻ鲢δͬܰǰΪʮûҪ¾ͳ׺ˡ
ѻ˸˷Ļﻹܰļױţ¶εĽѵʵڼһ±׸޳ȥ
Ѿûˣûˡ
ֻǰܰŻϸԼԲˣ̲סҩٹơ
ͷ////ԣܰɬı۾ȴֵȣȴ˿Լ޷Ӧĵط޿ڴϣ۾
ܰ
ŵסɬ֡
ȴֶԷ޶ԡ
ܰǰһڣǴӽʳһӱͨյҲˣ·Լѡģǻϴ͵ģܹӵģ
һЩ뿴Ц˿Ǳ
һ̣̲סˣһֺͽһ´
ѻ´ˤˣѹ;û쬵ģϽԴЩΣʲô
ʲôܰѧĻüϢ͵ȥһߴһҸʲôӦʲô˵ôԲԭǲУ֮ǰ˵˯ˣʲô˯ģ
ѻ汻ˣܰУһ´š
ѻʾһ亹ҺţʹѻҲӦɫдżֺã֪ˣ
ܰЦԣ/Ĳٲٲ٣
ѻʱΪҪ죺죡С
㲻ٶȢңѻΪûƤûأȻҪСܰ
ȴеίôҲͣ
ûֻǴӳѻ˵ʱڻǣƲ϶ԷҲûһ죬Ϊί
ѹҪԼס
ԭ֪ѻ٣Ǵһ
ʵ۴ͻ飬ܺ룬ⱲӶҪٵ
ءܰķĵĻڡ
ѻ߳ŭɱˣԼ·ޣϽܳȥ
֪Լ٣ǴδϷֵģһ»һΣȴԼʱԽԽ̣Щòԣֱĳ죬ôòľˡ
ԭȻѰҽ£ΪܰԼһ˵ֽţܰ˵ߣƭˡ
֮ʲô±֣¾ûˡ
ɻҲҸֽڣΪʱ䣬һ㱻־һ㱬ֻܹҪġ
ѻѲµֱȥ鷿
ڶһվɣǸûһ
¶ˣĶҲװ֪
Ψܰ·һ/ҹ֮ɣ˺ö࣬żѻ񣬷⣬¶СƳŵĵͷȥĿӶת˷򡭡
*
ͳѻԼϵѶ½½ʱתҸĸ
常ѶԳ̼ûִͨδѪȣ̼ܽұȵһȫֻ󣬾Ͳ⡣
ʱ䣬ӡˢȫ֣鼮ɱһٽܶԽԽ࣬ѧҲԽԽࡣ
ʥּصǣ֪ΪһԺѧӣŮɣʦһְļ£֮Ҳˡ
һ󣬷Ƭֵؿʼ֣ΪܵһǳأӶһЩʳ˭֪һչԷֱӴӳſڶһںǰ춯ص
Ѵ֮ЩںͽըǱܣٲ
˶콵ҳ
Ψµһ㣬֮ǰΪƷһû˵ļһ̶ܶʱͺճֻ˵
ǰλ״ԪɵʦϵĶ϶ֹӡˢ
Ѿ꣬ϵòеһصͷǰʯͷİš
Դˡ
Ϊ˴پһЩԭ֪ߵҲ֪ǻã
룬һӡˢûʵӣȴΪһƷ٣͢һ͵ĹԱס
һ䷽ȴܹˡ
ֻǺ߹ϵشΪ˱ûӡˢΪնײ뵽ճ޴ġһͨͨŮӡ
˺ѾפȨĵĳĲµһ㡣
˭Ҳû˵
ĵķӣ˳ТԭĸһûټȢТȴ鲼¡
*
ٴڵϣ׻/ۣԴƫţţ΢һƶ۵亹ֱð
˺׵һʹĵطúõء
ҲδԽ塣
ΧҲûˣδоΣգҪ͵ؽռʱȻ˻˻˻ëֱ
ͼűһСڵ
Ѹһİߴĵطָ߷Ť壬˻ĽûһͽֱˣβҲȥ
ȷֽ߷£һΧһƴСзڵţҪ·ȴֳȥͣſڵĵط
һңƫִӣЩӣ߰ʮģ
Žգľ͸¶Ĺʾǰ졣
⿴һƬȴϸ΢˵ǺͯûܹѵС
ûΣգԼܼ䡣
ڴߣһһɼžԺ
Щͷˡ
һӵĹ¡
߰꣬߿¿ʼĸ￪ʱ䣬ŮζܿǴμҴһһ㣬ҲϲѧµظɻﻹŮۣ۲ˣִŮζܿԽϡ
ζܿϱӻû̸ԽڼﶷƷΪѼƷˣѡˡ
ǡôʱиףԷӣλ飬һǵһӣȥ
ڶǶ񶾼ĸ͵͵ŰӣԭÿɰĺӱõС£صĶʼԱˡ
˷ֺѡ飬ڼչԼĺӡ
ĸһ˹ӣҪٸҸӣҲҵڴͦõζܿ
˳úÿһͣȻӣʵҲͶʮꡣ
ζܿһ۾ͿˣͶԷ飬޹ȥðĸлųĺӣ˳ǴһǰһӣȻŰôɰӡ
Ϊᣬ˸жҲųһںú
Ⲣԭ
Խ壬жĵڶӣŰǸ
ԭһʼҲúöԴӵģ
ԭҲζܿͬĸѲţ׵ĽĹˣŶԭ۰ûȢһ˽󣬳˹
ԭЩݣ飬Ҳûжߡ
Ǹʱ߿δָϵĸнҲ٣ѧû˼һ˾ûڼ档
䲻߿ָˣ߿֪ʶȴòˣʱһιȴɥͬһ㣬֪롣
ԭãȻУˣ޸ĸȰˣҲиҡ
֮ǰĥûˣһȰʱ͵ͷͬס
ǰͺˡ
ڼΣԷöպ÷ԭԭʵҲϲӣټ϶ԷǾˣͷͬ⣬˲
˵طԻ飬Ҳ˫׾òŮͻзסһʱ䣬ǳ飬ǾԻ鵽ٽ飬ǳ飬Ի¡
ԭھסţԻ顣
׹󣬰źԭʹҴȥǰӡ
ԭһڼദ
Ҳ֪ǲ˸˵ʲôһֱˣĵƤ
ǰӵĵڶ죬ԭļһҲǸǧٳĹŮΪһ۵ðҪСԡ
ΪܺӣϾȱʳʳǮԼһ˽Ǯ
ʱ˵Ǯڰˣʣ಻࣬¡
ڿԼ᲻óԵģǳԡ
Ȼرһƿӣһ΢ߣһֻצзһֻݵǰ
ԭŵûɢֻ֮Դײӣεˡ
ʱ硣
ûԭĵһ磬ҧˣűҧ׵ȥŴҩ
ƫƫǳŴѧղ˻Ҫԭҩҩǻģԭ˼췢˿ˣˣ
ԭ޼ȥŴһͨ˺õҩõ⳥Ҳһ롣
£ԹˣټǲУֻҧֺӡ
ڼ䣬üΡ
ӳԵúúȵĺãȴ״˵ԭŰǣţϵҲΣţǣǮԭԭúùܽǡ
ӾøžͲҪˣԭֿ˳ۡ
ԭˣкøˣԽ᲻³⡣
ºʽ飬˸ϯûУļˣ籨ȥӱϲһûעӴų޵
ԭкӺҲˣ˶˵˵ܵҪˡ
ԭҲΪˣֱһΰҹϲʱԭƽ̹ĵðһӣСĲˣ˽ˤڵϡ


62  62 
ԭ͵Ů̥ˡ
ӸĹ, ǳϦദ֪࣬Ӳʲôɵĺӣǳܺӡ
ԭʱֹڹ, û, ԭ̫ˡ
ԭɵ֪û֤, Ҷ, ˵Ҳ˵, , ЩҲĺӸδŮ
ԭԼ
ϲӣ֮ǰ±ݣҲû֣вǺӣǶħ
ԭ֮ǰüĸ, һ֣ͬû͵͵Ű⺢ӡ
ΪôɶǺӣӱǵƤ, ԭںӹڵƤ, żӣũﲻҪ̫
, ֺ, ȴ־ۼ, , ʹ
һӵƤòж޲ߵĺ衣
ȥ״, ˿ڶ, Ҳ࣬ûԭúǺ
żˣԭ˵ԼƤŪƵģԼˣǵøóԵĹȥ
һֱһ꣬һεڲԣΪСӱŰԱˡ
·Ҫ飬鲻룬Ҳ¶صޣɴ֮顣
ԭҲɴˡ
ˣºҲɱˣֻǱ˳𣬵һʵҲһ룬ªİ̺ܾЦ
صңûиĸүү̫˷ʳ뾡취Ҫ޳ȥԭԸ⣬ȴ첲š/ȡ
үү̺ѡһΪԭǿм޹ȥ֮ʱԭѡɱ
겢δ뿪磬ͣһʱ䣬׶飬˵ԭһֱ֪¡
ԭԭְˣ˸һǧ顣
Ǯû˸˵үүţһЩ˶ŮӣȻְµǮ
֮ǰܺӵĳϱԼͱˣһԭԹ࣬ǳ̺ȥġ
ʣµĸź
ϲӣԭӣԼ˶ﻷƣħⱲҲûӵȤ
Ը಻ֱ˵ҪҪԼܣԭԹޡź֮ġ
һΣԸǺܺɡ
磬ûҧһжü
ԭõĿ֣úȺСħ
лһЩǣûԭСħڣζܿҪٽ֣ǽֱֵӳ̶۷ĺӡ
ҪЩͷˡ
õĽ֣֪ܲܳɡ
ֻھ鿪ʼʱ䣬̫磬ܿ£Ŀ˵ߺһзϡ
ոŪߵʱûŪĵ߰ʮȻʮ⻹Щѣý߸з
֣ߣһֿסз¶һĨЦݡ
ûԱһ㡣
ʱ˻ԲͷǮԣҲţʮˣʹԭŵСҲ⡣
ĸӶûˣͷʣµǮʡʡ
ţŲ߳ȥͷĥߵĴ΢ҧ˾۷䶣һҪĨҩȻʮ¶ܺòˡ
ʵûģ꼢ģ˶콫߳ˣ΢õ㣬ͺðսɽˣҲһЩ̰ĺӣԼ첻µزµܺӡ
*
һֱŶ߶Сɻ
׺ôһҽ֮󣬶ûˣٴγ֣ͱ˿ų
Ȼһ¶ûУ
Ŀǰֱʱꡢꡢ꣬СǸ龫֣ǸŮݸߣмǳʵģһƤںڵġ
Ψһ˫۾δȾȽƯ
ȡҲǳֱǹǴѾǸˣȻСʱΪûѧڲҲܹͲֱаأӶ۰ȡСֱȥ󱦡
ǴȺѧȥ
˵ĴӦѧģܵܶƤΪ㣬һֱչ˺õܵܣպҪҸ裬ѧܵڼﱻ۸
ǰû裬׵ڲӣС̴ڴĺӣǶ͵͵۸ǡ
šһ˭۸ˣǾһȥ
ӳ˴ӵССǸȣƢҲ꣬мĻ顣
СǶ˵˺˺֣ǻûҪС⻰ǼסˣںˣһҪߣ
ƻǳã϶ȥץߣϴȥץзڡ
ȥˣҲŵˣܿ
ΪѷּңԺֻĸˣһ䣬ڴڿ档
ĺһзһߵĳԺˮףˮ˵½߰Ƥ˽ȥ࣬ɶΡ
󱦿ĶɵͣЩڣҶˣ߻ܳԣǱˣ
Ҳһ¿ˮ˳ʼ𣬲һû£Ҫֺǣ϶øǳԵģ
꣬ȻˣҲǸӣԿˮҪֱˣ˳ҪԣҪԣ
һЦãȥҪ͵Ϳޣ֪𣿡
ͷã
󱦴ţȥ
֨һڳ⣬ͼһĺͯŴ۾ߡ
ĿϣһЦıĹ
ԴҲ
󱦺Ͷں洰͵һ˶Цˣżֵ⡣
˵ģ軹ûվȽţԲôⲻһ͹ˡ
ȴߵſڣֱһš
ҺɫĳžĹϣ˵ߣϵЦ⽩ס󱦶Ҳɵۡ
Ȼˣš
šüͷԶʳ
ŭˣžҪȥ֣ȴ侲Ķס˵ȵȵȣĳˣȥ֣Ȼûá
󱦵ųƵĶţǺˣȻƽ׸ͳԵˣ
~ĻɫЩί
Ͳһͽȥˣֱӹţ
󱦱ܵܣС˵£Ǿֱȥ֣Ҳеģ
ţͷָ۰ͰͿ
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䣬ȻʱЦͦ˵ģܺӾϢ
ԭʱǲǣȻᡣ
߰ʮζƷ٣ۣζƮˣһ֭ЩɫԶԶ̰׵ĵز
߸ˣʢһţΨһһֻз˵㣬͵ִˡ
ȰǣмһгΣ΢һ£͹
һʮԡ
⣬ûԹʲôöĺĨ˰ѿˮԽУ󱦺ܣ𣿡
磬Ҫԣ
Ҳżò׼ǱûС
ʱûˣתǹʹײæ˵ٵȵȣ
󱦺òװͷĿĵĵһֱԼĪһӺ󣬶һ֣ˢˢĬĳź󺰣裬Զʳ
ûԡ
зһ㣬ǺգûнͣζУھͳˣͶ߸˴һڡ
Ⱥʮ֭죬ˣڷ·һռġ
ҲԶʳھ̫ˣ߹ȥ򿪣ͼСħ׺ݵĿ
һ󱦾Ȳָų̨ϵ룬ĸʲô´½ƵģִвԶʳҪү̸Ұ˵
Զʳѧ͸߸ߵľţ·ʲôʮĻ¡
ۿżֶ⡣
һЦͣҫԣҾͳԶʳҲ֪˭͵ģзųԣó԰
ﻹЦ⣬ȴԽòˣע⵽ϳʣзǣֱ۾һ졣
ȥȭͷҪۣԶʳⶼҵģ㻹ң
ɫסֱһš
һҽУöҲϽſҽ㣡
ܿͬʱһߣˣˤƨɶգתһ⡣
ˤһţ֣ӸµĿǣﴽһЦΪҴ򲻹ǣִֶ
ֱ⳰ˣ
ʹǰĺӣ󱦺Ͷסʹء
Ϳʼˡ
̫ˣȻˣ
ıˣ
߷ߣһԼںº޵ֿţһֱĨܣžʹ󺰣̣
󱦺ҲӦһܳȥ߿ޱߺеңүү̣أˣ
ҾǸڣһʵü
ֻʱһ㶼ɻûܳȥ״⣬Ӷ֪ˡ
ʼ磬תص¶Ѿպõ߸ĳ
Եһ룬ӵĿԼһŮ˺İ
ܿǼĸ״𣺡̣ĳԶʳˣء
ӳˣչһЦʣºȲ˵ֱһЦеŶҾͳԶʳҲǣ
Ůס
ӳҭҭõĿڿһĻȻٴըۡ


63  63 
ǿ޵, ŮҲʮѿϴҵģҪԾͳ, ﲻǲó, ʲô
ĸŴ䡣
Ů֮£һ㶼ŮԼ, ˲, үүڵɻ
Ѿ޵۾ͨ, ͺڽ߸, ܳԵһЩȻֱӵˣ
һЦʵʵظһ飺ҳԶʳҪңҴȥ, ˣ⽫ʣµˣͲǳԣǴô죿
Ŵ䣺
ҲƬ̡
趼ô֮ǰǻ, ǲ˵ģ
, ʵ⣬Ϊȶֵ, ǰ
ŴЦ, ָָ΢΢, ȵ㻹ˣ
ֱأڳű, һӣ, , 緹ǶԱˣԼӶԸʳôˣȻֳаҲܳԶʳɽⶼҼױģбȰǮң
ŴɫһͣѸŭݣˣ͵ȥһС̣ʱ͹ˣȷʵԱˡ
ʱ˸̾Ǽˣҵһõĺ裬ӣҲ˭ӵġ
뵽⣬Ŵ䲻ɵڨЦӳǲ𣿵ˣǻТģ
һĺӣ۾ŲĿ⣬ҡͷ˰ɣֲģ㿴һģǳԱûԱŪ㶫ԣˣԺТңҶһףҪҳһܰɣ
Ӳ֪ôģӲԭϱǣǾͱ䱾һδӵ鶼ó
Ϊԭ򲻹ǣ
øǼƽϡ
İǣϣǽ
Ŵɫÿˣȷʵżˣº۸ӣһӽлͰȰܹ̬ҲǶˣƽʱȻóԵĲ࣬Ҳûǰ
ȻΪ˳Ե㶫裿
ûУԡ˵Ŵת˵ߣݸǳԡ
ӲΪʲôԶʳѵԼˣҪǾˣǶ಻ˡ
Щˣ̵֣вУߺзץģƾʲô԰
Ŵ΢΢ɴϴҵģô£
ӳԵģͱԵģ¡
Цָųרϴ˵ĵط˵ߺзһֻұ﷢ֵģҲ֪ô£ƿӾͿˣ߻ҧأƤǣզһɰŵˣ׶ˣ˰ء
Ŵɫ죬˳ָλÿһۣƤһ
ˣĿӣһôԵ޹ðһߣԭ͵ѽô͵ұˣҪҲһ㣿һʮô
ҪҪԺĻֳƿһߵĳģʱ飬ҡͷ㵽Ŵ䱳
ҲЩµҡͷ
ΨС̫֪£ͱŴȣ̣Ҫߣ
ŴϷȣһ£Ц϶ҵģǻǺӣ£һˣ£ͷ϶һ˵ĺá
ĿӴ֪ʲôͲ˵ˣôˣҲҵĺӰƾʲôǣ
ŴҲˣ˵˵ûãʵҪôѲץʮͺӱѣҲó
ĮȻҲʲ裬Ҳˣ
ǵһˣ˭ĸģƾʲô˺˺裬͵Ⱥܺӣ
ܺɱҲǿģ
˵ô̹Ȼ
۾һ࿴ϳϲ޶ˣͽˣ鷢仯
ʲôˣŴȴһ
һ˲ȿԷɫ־˵ֻٲӲѧƯĶϱɲңҲͬٻģǶԷĺã
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ҾúأɫҲ㳳裬һ治㵱ˣ˭˭ǼҸĲ񣬶ǣûҲûҪ⼸ǳԵģס޷ѡ
ŴˣҪطǰ϶ҵģˣˣ϶ǲæһףû׼üһˣʱӣⰡ
ҲҪˣԻ飬ֲʽ飬Ȼ˲ʣͲҪټˣǼǵùáƿͷҲصĽݣǻҪѸٹϷţ˨ϣʼʰ
ϻһֻû
̲Ĵ̣ԭĻڹûüá
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Ŵ»ˣ˭Ǹ/豻ߵģǲǴǸ฾̵ģӴˣ¸/ϴ
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žŴһƴŮ󱳣ְϹ򣬺㻹˵/ô㲻ˣΪʲô㲻֪£
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ˣҲæһƿŴ䣬Ŵ󱦾ܣߣ
Ŵ䱻Ƶһģòס壬ŭٴӣɤӺǸһ
Ȼûܵñӻ죬һûӰˡ
֨һֱյķŴ򿪡
ŴҪЦ·Ѿ֪淢һУżЦ⣺ôû˵ɣһǵĺãһ㲻ǻһ㣬Ǿμţĺӣǳ軵ˣҿҪ𣡡
Ŵ俴ͷİһ⻰ͷɲɿڣҼͷ¶ûܵæƵǰ˵㿴һˣС죬Ժ϶㵱һ
գۣȻû˵ȷʵҪɰһЩ
ֻԸˣȷڣ죿ˮһտ
ŴıָոѾǳԶ׼ˣ޷˵Ӱ졣
ƿˣ뿪
Ŵ俴ǺԥıӰƵĶͷ顣
ֻһû˸ϱ϶Ǳ߹鷳ˣоƺˣȻԺôų⣿
϶Լ˵ԭ
˭ڱ˵лһҪȥ
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ԭ鶼Ƿһϵģһӹźüӣ붼Զ·ʮӾܵ
һ·ҲһЩˡ
Űܲ죺զˣͻˣ
󷽵ͷԣԻ鲻⡣
˾ֹ䣬Ҳû˵ʲô
ԻͦõģĽһֻǲ֤˶ŮӵȻУȴԶԶûȥĵС
󲿷Ի鶼ܳɣֻСз⣬Ů⣬ͻֿ
׷ֿ˫ڻѡϵļֵήһЩ
ԴνںȻڶ78ˣϾҪŸ廧ã̻ץˣ׬ˣ°뱲ӾͲó
ȻҪ»ǽԭ׵ĸû
ʮӺԭļҡ
ԭһڵסһڣֻԭһˡ
Զѹġ
վŲӸǰգۣĿڵɬЩʪ
ڼҵǻöôʱײϣףʵҵѾͷôˣǻǶ
ЦЦһԿ׿һ߽ͣˣҲˡ
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Ѿˣͷţ۸ңҾˣһƻŮҪȥ谡ֺãαأ
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˵ԵġЦ
ӵͷɲǣȻȥˣڼϢҼҳԷ
ˣȥ̼ҳԡҡҡͷֱӽȥ
ӦһֿǹŮȥĲࡣ
˵һ鶼Ů˸ɻĵأ˵˵˵ЦЦɻ·ûôˡ
ӵˣ˵ˣǶˡ
ǸһɻĴ
ЦǸǸµһ
զˣˤˣ˵٩
ҡͷ˵֪Ҹոտɶ
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Զԣ
ͷˣתͷȲ˷
һԲ䣬һΧ˶֪ˣܿ⻰Ҳ˶ĵε
ųͷɻĺεһͷȥô̧зš
ˣ
ˣ
ǱƭҪɣ
εĿǱߣ˸ɵĻǰˣģ嵽˭˭Ҳû취
˵Ե˵ιզģֶŮˣ˵ⲻ𣿶ȥס˵ûˡ
εһæ˵ǰ˵ʲô°ҪǲԸ˵סٻԺ˵׿ô˵
Ҳһ˵εͣЦô죿
ε򴽣͵˵ķӦ˵ȻǸǺ˵˵ôˣʲô°
Էͷ
ε˿
ʱĻ·һ첹žܼȥʲôرش£û˻ѡ׷
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Ůһ㶼ǰ˷֣ǰȥ־Ҫ١
ǷԱأǿͷУһ֪
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ϸһǷ·𣬾ǿˣ
ĹӱˣĹҲˣһЩ֮ġ
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ܿһϤӰԶҴңȿˣ˾һĴ/ȣӴҵḶ́ǻˣʲôѽ
ЦеҲ뵱˺裬̫ˣͻˡ
εпһ£ҪǱȰһ£ֱ˵뵱裬ЩȰˣȰҲҪȰЦ⺢ӣʲôЦ֮ǰ㲻֪˵ǲˣסס졣
죺һضˣҲȥˣ
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ҡҡͷЩΪѵ̾Ϣһ
εи汻ˣŸİɣ˵ѽ㲻˵ô֪أ
üȻ֮ǰ֪Էӣ㲻Ǹ˵Ӷȥ˲ŷﶮ°ֱûбĺˣǵ˶ˣô˳ۣˣһҲͦõģһġ
εɫ£͵˵ףһ岻Ȳֵӣȥ𣿡
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˻εһ͵ĿǰŮ
ȻŸģ


64  64 
εȻܳԼְ֪и¡
ܸ˭˵, Ϊ壬ǲôֶŮǮᱻġ
ҲûһھܽǮҪ, ȻǸҪϢǮ
ε, дԼ֪飬תƻ⣺˵ˣΪʲô, ͸˼, ʲôҪģ㡣
Ҳ°һҰֵĹûɣıӣİʲôģȥỹＸæ
ԭڴҲЩѵ, Ȼԭ, Ҫʲôæ, һǾԻԼҵ¶¹ġ
εƤ飬ЩԸһСҲòô࣬緿ﶼûӣȸ¡
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ε׺Ǯֻû֪֪ˣ͹
ߺת뿪
ЦеҼҵĶôߵôûҪǻ㻹һµĸҰɡ
εŲˣصԭȿյļ񱻼Ҿ߶һ뵽Ҫÿյ۵һӣС
۵ӵڵϣմȾ˻ҡ
εһķֲ˲ʼᡣ
㶫üˣֱӲ鿴ԭһ㣬ԭͥǲʱ˼ӣĶǶࡣ
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Ҳûƽϣռ˱˵ģҪ
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˫˫Ÿſ
һ˽͵»صҪ˵¡
쿴ѸٿֳüͷѾšˣһҲСˣֲڣҾ͵˵䣬ԺҼҳԷҪ鷺һ㣬ҪлȻԺˣҪġ
Ҫ˵⺢ӾǱ軵ˣˣ֪£
ڴûˣ͵úúý̵һ¡
һ뵽ǰǱ̵첻ɵֱͦ壬Ծġ
Ŵŵͷʮͬ˵Ķԣŵ㣡ԺԷûʳѣҪġ
εһЩȻϷȣ̫ˡ
һ磬ɷ͹˵ϵСĶҪԣϽæȥŪԵģ˵
Ѿ֪ˣֵĸ
ҲһͣԺҾͲҳˡæζʮ㻹ʩۣ죬ǺЦ壬һ˰ɡ
εһ죬˲˵ˣϽˣүȥҲԸɿڵġ
ŴȻšüͷһûʶŮ˵ʲôʵʲôˣ
ҲЩãȻ
ֻóһֽϣǰͷүүæģҰ񻨷಻һ٣֮ѸǮ˵Ҳʮ飬ǴҼҴٿ黨ˣôģ
ɫ΢䣬Ƴһ˱ݣȫǵĿ֧ҪڣЩ飬ȥ׵
ŴѾҲ˱ֱһϣžһ˫˫һ£ʲô˼̰Ǯ
۵ģһ㽿У˸Ұˣүү壬ǴʲôʱأȱǮѽ~
ƤһЩżĴߴٸ׿ش𰡡
Ǯǵ
ŴûʧŮҪֱʲô㣿ȡ٣û꣬Ϊ˰æҪǮ׸ְɥ񰡣һˣôʲô
˿֪׵׵ģֱ׳軵ˣô˵Ҳһˣ۸һ𣿡
ȴЦݣۿǣΪǻҪ
죬˭׼ô˵ģŴɫˣ͵վҪ֡
η֮ͬǰҴһ£Ҿʹ㱦ʮ£˭øݣ
Ŵȵ߱ŮߣЩӸµΪڵƤţ۾ţףǰȴٳûԹŭӿҪˣ
ԣҾͷˣηĻشǰŴѾЩ̰Ӹ𣬰϶ŮǮүүҲ컹ˣ


65  65 
Ŵһ, 벻˶вֱӴ˵
ʱһ˫۾ţŴ㱼·𿴼, , ǰӵӣ־ô²ȥ
״ˣЩЩ顣
ϾǺֻжһŮ
һŮʲôãǮŮϾͲ϶żҵˣ
ҧ, ۵ļⶼӲ, һŮҪˣҼǵûһٶ࣬ܳʱˣø绹ҪȢϱҪǮġ
Цүү㶼˵ø, ֲҰֵĶ, ȢϱҰֵǮ, Ҽˣױҳ٣
Ŵɴ۾һңҪˣû׼ͻңǮȥ͸Ű
Ҳޣ˰ɣǮңҾ֣
Ŵ, ֶָڲʲô˼ǲΪҲҴ㣿
򰡣Ƶ
žડŴǵǸڶһٵ, ׶, ٴ, ûκγɵĴȥ
͵͵ŵĺεʮֽţһĻ¶һЦݣҪˣһЦݴ͡
ֻȫǰ˸ߴ׳˶Сָ񵲣һҲˣè㿪һƷӣ䣡һ£ӵ׵𶯾÷·ضˡ
˻εһȻЩԼʱˣûӲ
˫˫ɫˣֲҹȥ
ѾͷɲǺǵģȥҲǳԿ
ֻ˶ܽҪӻˣɶҪǮ޵İ
ԭΪŴһ˾͸öʱ״ɫһɫѿĹΪܽСѾͷֱס˭֪ûԷһӹ֡
˻ʹĶһ£󣬺ķˣ
ӣֻŻ磬㲻ˣȥŷˣǮʹˣĵǮҵģ
ҶӵģһѾͷҪûţŴָ˵Ĳܲ˵ĳȥֲңֵ̫ˣ
ѾͷŮһԵú˯úãҲûץסӣ־ͻᱻۡ
ǲЪϢȴûɿӣģ׺ɫȴʮƽôˣԸ⣿
첻ĵһСѾͷôǮʲô
ŮҰֵǮ͵ûңӦõģ
һǧ鸧Ҫ٣ʣҰָϵǮΪ磬ҰֿûҪȥһֽŽȫĵܵܣ˵ܵܵĶˣҿʮ࣬Ǯǰɥѣȡֻһ٣ʣµһҲϣ
ûУŴҲİ֣ٿ飬ôȥ
û̸ˣƽһ䡣
򴽣ֱЩԣûٻش
Ŵ̬ȷǳᶨӵǮô£һСѾͷƬӻҪǮܣԣû̸٣ȥżҡ
ˡ΢΢ףŴɫͣΪˣҪһ£һͼһ
һ죬ò־ĶӶÿӴĸϹڵַһ졣
ȸոӱƷ
ԭأȫ̤š
ŴͶ츸ֻоӶһһ··ϣǵɫˡ
ӣҪĶȻʱ֣ûзЩ񹩷ɲƻģ
ҿǷˣŴҧгݵ
ɫ䵭ô֪ˣҪ֪£²Ҫ
ǹģ֮ʲôûУȻҲңֻΪ˳ŭǡ
̣ŴͶ˹Ȼŭˣ̬ɣ²ܲ˾Ҫ֡
Ķ㿪ǣһҹȥ
Ŵҵˣʹһ
ãЦˣһ׷ֱܵ⣬Ժȥ̬ˣһ
ŴϽϣһ׷š
󺰣˰ŴΪ̰ҰְҵǮҪˣ
Ŵ⼸쳹ӵǰһڣǱŭĸӵţ
*
㣬˶ǳˣЩ˻ȥţ죬еľԼϢһȲȥ˯
ϣﻹʮְġ
ĵطȻһĺ
˶һʱѭȥͼŴܳһС׷ţﻹֵģ˶š
ȿ屻׷СǶһЩͶ׹ϵõ˸ϽܳŴͶס壬Ǹʲô
Сʲôú˵ʵɱŮˣɲ֮ǰչ㰡
޵֪ʲô𣿡
ûΣգֲˣھĵطʲôҰֳһǧ鸧һǮңҰִ٣ɥ»һ٣˸ǮҲ׬ʮǻңҪǮҪң
˻һƬĽʸɫУͬʱҲ۵
һǧ鸧𣿡
֣ȻһǮŮʵ֪˻ӵĳ
ʵ֮ǰһֱܵܣû뵽˶ôŮ
ŴͶΧ˵ľ̾ǰһڣЩż⣺ǵģģ
ѾʱĿôǣҰָǮֻҪһ룬ʣһҰָүүϵģǶ
Ŷļɫ죬ˣ
ŴģŭһСѾͷҪˣ˭֪ǲҽлǮȥТŵģҪʲôǮ
ûѾ˰æҪǶʵڣҪϸǶʵŮģٰռҲûã
ɥӴҲǶʵΨһĺӰǡ
쿴һ浹ۣͷңҲ֪ԼЩ֣׵ֵ֧ģڱ¶ڴǰͲ˵ˡ
ŴĿţɿڣЩһһʵ˲ŶãŴҲûһģǺȴûٷֵѿĵزٲɿڣҪָżˡ
壬ֻҪһ룬͸˰ɡŶŴȰ
ﻹЩƲϡ
ʵ౦Ůǿɶ֪º۸ӣһֱȢϱôһ˹š
ûˣǮ϶ӡ
ǺӻԸһϣǹˡ
Ҫ֪Ŵһأ
ȻҲ˵һŮʸôǮ
ֳˣҶʵ֮ǰôŮͬҲûͬ˵Ҫ²ۣôˣڶ˵Ůܶ죬⣬ͱŮӲҪװǮΨһĺӣ
ǰʵΨһĺӡ
Աø
ŴƤ飬һۣһǧһӾһ룡
ô˫۾ţֻܵͷֲǲú˵Ҹã
۾һԶԣñˣһǮô죿
ñˣǣ˵ǻͷ㵵ĿǻίСѾͷû뵽
޹գۣǸʱҸú˵ˣôͬǮҲҵѽܲŶԡĩˣЦŵ壬ҼǵҰ֮ǰɽӼ˲ǮҪҲһ£õǮ
۾һͻͷһգû˵
ȷʵӼǼҲǮǸбµģû쵽ʽ˵λãһ¶ʮĹʣԼȴֵأĸӣǮﹻ
֮ǰСӹ̹ȥܾˣҲһֱæ
һЦһ£æȰ㣬Ҫȥ㲻ˣ壬ȻȥǮǾ͸Ͻϴϴ˯ˡ
ŴƵĵͷԭǮֵزǵøǮ֮ǰʲô֣
ŮҪǮҪôѾ϶Ǯ϶Һõģһ뵽ǮϾҪ˱˼ҵģܡ
ȻѾͷƬӾѾͷƬӣ
˼ģ
ϴֻҪһҪǻиӣǮ϶ô˵ȥġ
Ŵ֪Ҳںû뵽»ô˳⼸İæöŴɵ
صУһңŹĴҲССľһ£ж˼־档
û뵽СѾͷͦġ
ЦһĿ⣬Ҳ˵ˣĴһԣȶŴὫǮó٣һ٣ҰִȡûģʮҲҪǸǵѡ㣡
Ŵһҧӣȥã
ɫ˱䣬ΪֱӶˣû뵽ǵԼ᲻ãֻܵεʲôȥã
ε鲻Ըתȥãһ˺þãȥ¶һЩȥ
ȳˣεǮʱ鲻ԸۼǮϣæ˵ȻǮҪȥˣԺҿɲķ
ǮͷģģһǮ
εţһǮ㻹Ҫô
ЦǲȰʮҲңҾ͸һǮô
ε˵ˣӿڴͳһǮ
ո̲סǮʱëû뵽ͱˡ
ڿ˰ɣε
ûأεҪֱתԼ˵壬ܲ鷳ǰҰҰֵĹӰߣøǳҲڼҰˡ
֮ǰǣƶŴһ˱Ŀ۶죬εŲĿ⣬ͷȥᣬؼҿš
лл塣Цŵлԥת뿪
*
һĸ˾ͽӰˡ
ǵˮ˽ӹˣҲûߣһһֱδͷ˶ʤǿ˵Ĳˣ
Ƕ£Цùɣһ㿴˸ոүүҵĸãͷԣޣҲ衣
ʤǿͷ⣬δƻȽģߵͻȻǲ㣬Ǹֹϵãʲô͸˵£ãϾͻίԼ֪𣿡
Աߵ˸Ÿͣһ˵ԣҪҼǸ㿴ļҺʵģ۸ӣԶˣԺʲôºӦ
Цҡͷࣺлл壬ʱˣҴ׸ʱӸա
ʤǿɫһϲȻ϶Ŵ˵ɣиģŮӼ޵˼ңֵԺݵ˶ûУ󲿷ֶŮӼݣǸãʲôҪ󣬸˵һ£ҪкʵģҲˡ
ĬĬúÿ͹ˡ
ʤǿ
ʧЦСӰ֪Ҫ׸ͺܿˣҪ¾ȥǣ뿪
ǳţԺţܳȥˮϴ衣
*
һ죬ҺԭﻹһЩ
ϴ˸ˮ裬ڴϾ˯ˡ
ȻôһͨʵϴӳԵ磬˵˯ʱŲ߰˵㣬Ϊ˯磬ڶѵҲر硣
յģʣһȥĺԣֱӿŶȥϡ
ӾϻͦԶģ˽СʱǰЩ΢ĽǰߣͿԿˡ
߰ĸ￪ţ߾Ѿһˡ
һʼһ֮ǰЩ£û˸⣬±ץˣԽԽȫߣʱֱֶ߲
Ȳʮ֮ķֵȴҲΪ֡
С￴֣һŮ˶һ
ʶȥͼ̯һѻڵķɫʺСʱ̯ѾΧŮˡ
ٿԱߣһ·̯ӣ˺մʡǽĻơ
ǰһ㣬һӵĿ⡣
Ķ鷳װΣҪãͷܣʱҪųţʳͲҪˡ
ȥʣô
ӷĴ򿪰ɴ¶װֵͷİӣͷһǮ˰һǮǮ
ӣֻǮ
ʱۿˡ
ո̾ôһ䣬ͿһֱģӻֱӴʮһ֧
ֱһ⻰ĥһǮˣֱˣ
ȵȵȰɡ
ѹ˼䣬һȦԽʲôѾˣȥԭϡǡһ⡣
˻һСеģҲ˵㡣
࣬Ҳ٣ֱӴظڿӵһ·ڣһŮڴһŮ
ŮϴŲľ·ЩݻƵͷ黨裬ĸ״ʱҷֱֻ۵
ǡض·Է̧һĽ
ŮҲɫֵζ㿴ʲôȱǮ˵ʲôã
һ٣̶ּߣڵζǾŮζܿ
չ᲻ȢŮ


66  66 
ݵĲδļƻ
ϻ, Ϳʼ⡣
ʱʳȱģʵǵĹ̫֮ǰҶǮûĵط, ˣȻҪú
ȺǺ, ˻Լ᲻, źӶܴ󷽡
Ȼ˼, ƽʱҪΪ˽ʡʱ, ֱǮȥˡ
۸˲˵˼һ飬Ǯ˼, Կˣͣ
Ƕһڼҵĵһ, ͳԵú죬濴ż, в˻ʳ򿪹ǵһ˲һ˱Ƕ
˲ǺԶĶż, վɳŹѵֻЩζڸʧȥٿǮ, ˫˫ʹ񶼱ϡ衣
ճϣȻŵһ޵ζ
˭ѽ, ⰡĴЩԲȥζ, ͣҰ졣
ҲЩĽĿζƮĵط, Ȼɫһ, ӲԷˡ
ûŵŵ㣬ǿ϶Ե㣬Ȼ˶ԱȣǸմǼǮĶ⣬Լʳһûζ
εҲ˭⣬ɫͺˣеĳԾͲˣ
ӱӣڡ
Ŵȴ̲ȥü˵ðǮСѾͷƬӣʲôǮͳôã֮ô죡
ٿ鹻ˡ
ֻҪëһһС治ңЩǮĹúþˣʡøá
Ŵ뵽ٿǮˣ֪͵ТȻǰˡ
ʱζȻøŨֻ㣬һɺŵζžʳԭԷСͲסˣܵεǰ裬Ҫ⣡Ҫ⣡
ʲô⣡Ұĸ꣬Ȼˣ첻ˬſӴֵһҪˡ
СӿɲֱӿҪҪҾҪ⣡ءҪ⣡
һǷ򣡡͹ˡ
¸Ͻţ㹻˰ǼûˣСôˣ
Ҳ˷ʳⶼѪģҪСӾһ١
ܿϤĺͯ޵
εˣһǻӵĸףӴС簮ųɷһ֣͸Ͻ˹ȥȻڻ
ֻܴɵ÷źݻͳɣ
𣿲һ⣬ֲǳԲ𣡡εȫ§űµĶӺˣ͸ԡ
ǮѾͷȥˣǮ⣿
Ǽֲңÿ¼ʮǮĹʿãԴ
εһۣҪǮ˰ɡ
һǮͳɡ
εûʣ·ɡ
ɷ򶼲֪ҸĲ⣬ѾͷʱúŪæҪҲûǵòǮ
ǼҶٳȥҵһٶ˵Ѿˣֱöȥʱһҧ͸˶˭û취˵ԡ
ȻҪıҽģǸã׷
*
һߵ
϶Ҹյϱûˣֻصүү̼ңһǸϴһģϴӣټԼĸˣʮ֡
ԵĶ࣬Ǿִⲻִˡ
ҵĴ󱦺ϴҵŮӴ½һԶԿҲŹȥĸӴһϴСкҲǣ
С۴ޣĻۣԭļѾһм
ϴϱСӱһŹҪѵġ
̧֣󱦾˸ĴŶˣϴϱһ١
ΪϴϱݾͶ̫̫һԹ˵ʲô°϶Ҫû˵׾ˣⲻ˵ף񶼸ˣ㻹ҪӣʲôʱǸͷ
ŴҲ⻰϶ֲûѣôǮӻԲ˭ôѾҪȥ󱦳Եġ
ϴϱһ㣬ɰǸˣûҼҺҽҩѣĺݣ㿴϶ץѪۣ
Ŵ俴ۣӻڿޣ۵ȥóǣһţǣ޲ޡ
ͷϡСҲˡ
ŴɲζûҸ˵ǲ뵱ˣĥŹǺЩٶģȶһ컹Ҫġ
ϾʲôûУţ׵ҲûˣһˣȥˣҳԺȣǸԸ⣿
Լˣͻ뵽ˡ
ǸСӲԸʲô˵ģ
һ죬ҲûʲôϢŴûף־ÿܻҪһʱ䣬ջȥ϶ġ
ϴΨһжŴ̾Ϣһ߳ȥ϶ҵҲڿޣϽҲһǣٽųȥš
һ㶼Ϣʱ䣬ϰ˯Ĳ࣬ŴҵһĶ󣬾ͺͶԷ߿ࣺϴϱǵ˱˻ԣ϶֪˶ٺôƫԼԿ
˸ŸͣʵҪԼϣöӺúõأԺôܳȥǴ£Ƥǳ£ҺϴҵļӶ
Ŵ˵ЦˣöӣĹ͡
ʱ˺Ȼ϶ϱզѲԺ϶ȥӣͻҰ
ŴɫЩΣСҡ
ҿԶʳɡѹ߶ûˣɷ·һ㣺ҹŮȥҶϱˣСţһӴˣмֻСУⶼؼңѲҪһֱң϶ٻס죿ȢϱǸûȢһ𣿡
Ŵпһ£ֺݺݳȥ
˵ġ
Ϊģܺõġ
Ŵסżɣ֪ˣ˵Ȼȥˡ
֪֪ˡ˰ڰ֣û·ϡ
ʵ۾ŻҵŴ䣬޲Ūף̫ˣȻһ㲻Ӧ
ϧû˸
Ŵ䱧ͣĻص󺰵ϴ󣡳£
ϴϱɫ̫õɶ°
ڴŵϴҲŹǷզˣ
Ŵ伱֮ǰû˵϶ϱǻСסǲ㵱϶ϱˣѾȥˣǼҿǸ˲ˣȥզ죿
ǵģĵǲ
˵ĶСؼңһӦǱģǶõԼҸĲ
ǲˣȴ϶ϱôУ
ʲôϴˣһ⻰żˣɲɣǮҪ
ŴԸᣬ˿˵ǸϽģʱ仹磬ǸȥѾͷ
ã
˵߾ߣϴӦˣϴϱҲţŴͷһĸڵĹȥ
*
ȵ˶żҴ壬ǰʰúúõԺӣľŵĿ϶ܿ漸ֻСĴʳ
һͲʱס
ŴˣҪǶԼҲˣǰҲý˰ȥϱ
һʼţ㿪Ű
˯Ȼ죬ѣ򵥵ʰһ£ͳȥţˣòĴкȻʵʲô𣿡
ϴϱҪǺ
ŴϽһѣĻȥʱԸȻɣЦݣ˵˵СУһʱţ
ЦŵͷҲûŴɳˣɣѽ˵ҵˣˣҪɣǸ˵ģҲǸģûУȥ
Ŵ㵣û㣿
ûѽգۣϿҵǮҵҵģǵ˵ģҲȥ˵ɣ˵ûõġ
ģŴЩš
̯֣ҪǲſԽҼֵǮĶߣ߹ҲҸĲ񣬻ȥ˶࣬϶Ҳ
ϴϱô죿
Ŵ俴㲻飬ȥҺε


67  67 
ʱ, εæźӡ
һĿڣϵвʱԳȥ, ǼҺԺֻ
֮ǰγŵ֣κεŵҪ, Сӷ, ɿ, εû취ֻܽǮó, ӾһŵǮ鴤ë˵㿴Ǯ
ƤѾǳǮ, ȵġۣһ, 裬öǮ
꣡εϽ죺Ҫ˵, ȻͳԲˣ
ƤϽ죬һ˫۾ȴڴ, ǮĿԳˣ
, εҲЦˡ
ʱԺ𣺡ε㣡
εֽǮͷ³ȥüľһ, ȵɩôˣǲҼҰʲô£
Ŵ򴽣˵ûʲô, ֶŮҶӺ, ǵɵûˡ
˵Ż, ǰһλεв
ҲˣŴĻɫ΢䣺ʲô񣿡
εɫȻһ˲ܿЦˣǰĲ񰡣ǵʱˣҲǾ͸˰ǲȥҪܹʲôֲ衣
ɺĿһۣ֪ûУҲ˵ѽֲ׵裬Ҫȥ
Ŵ伱ˣǸմǱ߹ģ˵㶼ûεһʮǮҿֱӸģ
εǿסɩʹˣҵʱͰѲ˰˵ҼҪƽ׵һ壬Ը⣬ΧھǼҶûˣ
ɫһ䣺ոһڶǼŵζ²òǮģ
ɩżҾ˵߹ɣ˲񻹲ϣ
ɱԩҰҵǮϸմүүҪģҰֵĸ𣡡Ȼ֣˻ͷͼվſڣҲǣЦˣҪԶĿǮǿ϶ûõģ˵ˣʲôʱģ
εϵ͸ˣ
ӣʡ
εһ£ûĸȻ֪ǼӣֻǸӡǿ˵󣡡
ڼɣ
ЦӴáεһǸʱһڼ޶֤ˡ
ε³һģ⺢ӣұ͸ˣôǮĸ̰
ȴȻӿڴóһǶԺεСƤ˻ΣƤǳԡ
Ƥ۾һѸܹȥ㣬Ҫǣ
ЦŵݹȥͬʱԼǰһ̣в֪ʱһССˮԭװƵģֱƤһţϵЦݶ˼ɭУֱĿε
ε䲻ʣŵһûŵʲô
˵ĶҲһŭſҶӣ
û뵽֮ǰ϶һڵĺݾϵطǶЩҡ
Ҽ뷴ɫҲˣһۣĬĬԶһ´ֳ£Լǣ
ƤﻹǣҲû֪ýвԼҰ裬Цʮ档
겻˵ƤԹԱ𶯣ٸǡ
ãƤͬС˵̵ǣʮ㡣
εͶ춼ҪˣҪֲң˺ü׼ĿҪš
Ƥ
ſҶӣ
ЦŵƤǱȻţ𰡣壬ٻشһ飬񣬵׸û
εϴЦȴŵʱܶԼҶŮЦӦůģɴʱȴͷţըһ亹΢紵ֱ¡
ЩﻹǸӣ֮ǰҸþ͸ÿļҹүҲҸð
Ҫҹð
ô׵ҹȥҹڸء
Ȳ˵ҲĶ֣ҪǾôСĻôһ££Ҫ裡
εȷֱ˵ûǮԼϡ
ɤ۷·𱻶סˣĲġ
һʮ鰡
ԼҲԲ׬Ǯ
ǼҵǮĲףɶٿǮˣϴĴ϶ʣһٶ࣬⻹
εԹԷôǮͷһǮţҲһѣҲѪܹýܣǻЩģҧˣĸ˵ģǼѾûǮˣǮûˣҪǮҲ尡
ˣû뵽ʱϣżһ¡
εûɿڣִĿ
ŴҲìͷ׼ȴ˵̫ݣȰҪʲôȥ϶ÿǺαأͲġ
Ҫˮýһ㣬ǰƤȴǮҼеģöడͷ¡
ε
Ŵ㶣ε㲻˵˶𣿡
εЦˣòܽǮ⣬תͷ͸ˣֵǮԼҵǮһûǮ
𣿡Цһ£ȴûٳɣзĵӿƤĲӣ˫ĿźεһʮأǸСĿǲóģ޸ĸүүҲҲãҪңٲ˵ֱһͱȥõҰɣ
ƤԭЦоƤıУҲŵˣһ죬ҪĽȴţ޷ѣ͸ˣɵóɤӺأ裡
ǷĵѾӲӣ·ٿһܸĺһ졣
ɵˣʵŸεһ뷨ȻǳεˣȴҲû塣
һСѾͷõͦ˵ģĸ
һĻ̲סˣתͷźεĻ˵ƤҪʲô£Ū㣡
ҸˣǱƼ˱ƺˣʲôҵģ
εһҲٶģ˵˵û㣬ȥãſƤ
ӶˣæԶԣȥãſƤôҲõܣѪҲ
գۣˮԼڴǸƤٽǰһƣĮȻдż̵ַҰֻ׸ء
ƤϵǹҭҭҶ
εûеһʱǮڶӱſʱѸܹŶµĴޡ
һĸոձŵʱõοƽȣ仰˺ü룬Ϸ/̲סֶŮ
Ѿ뿪Ųɣ·һûΪ·ա
ֻǶɫȴΪӡ
ԼǮ·ħһУ׸ĺӣȴһֻŽǮõ֣һŮӾͲôǮ
ã˭ã
Ǵ֪Ҫˣôչܵܰɡ
أˣȽŹ󣬺εٶȻǶԹޣ̲סһ䡣
Ĩ˰⻰ЩεΪ֮ǰԼ
Ȼѿ죡ҪҪ̰Ĳ𣿡
εɫһףֶ̧ɫŪһЦӴֶŮˣ˵ңҲΪҪûã׬Ǯ𣿣
εη壬żĿǰûִϱģˣҲЩˡ
˴۵СۺһǶɫѿİˣȥ
εЦһĨ˰ᣬűԼ§ĽĶӣƣƨ/ϣѵԺ׼㣬㣡ٿ㱻һƭȥŪˣ
ۡƤʱ޵øˡ
εȴû˿ִ£ֺݣƤƨ/һӱúͮͮģĵ׵Թ
ոն컹˵Ϊ¡
Ǽģ
ҪԼ˸һ׬Ǯôֳ£
ӣϴԺȢϱˣҪǮ϶٣ϵҲǺģǮҪײСҪü꣬ô죿
ֻΨһû뵽ģķӡ
ʱûĶӳ֣ǵڶӲϻȥεľ͸ŲͣҶģ
ε뵽⣬ԼҲˡ
ĬĬûɫӵĿһĻոҲΪͶǿֲģٱȥĻᶯ֣㲻Ҳ֡
ףЩͬԷ
һ޸ĸС͵͵̰ĲҪӲһ㣬û˸֤ưͳԻˡ
*
ڴ˷ĿһЩ
;кεſǻѵ⣬ֹһƺŴ˫˫Ҳˣ˵Ķ
֮˫˫ſڶûеգָɣݻ˶֪
ǵǲҹ֮ǰķѾ֤ǸԸվŲĺӡ
һ˶֣Ҫ֪ǼҶϱΪֶ̰Ůˣֻһ
ʹ
ϲˣϲ潻˵ûж塣
ԭԸѾˣԭǮҪˣүү̡ҲҪ
ԺӹúǸɿžͳɡ
ǹӵһǮҺھÿţҲʩչȭˡ
ڶϣú͵ƿʼ⣬øĲڲгһһģڷź˾ȥ
һһӣһƴСǮ
Ĺۡ
ⶫϻǵһγ֣ŪһֳССƷҲûλãһ㶫ҸյͿԿˡ
´򿪣һζ·һӡ
ŵŮҲȹĶǾ棺ʲôô죿
Ǽ⣬Ǯһ飬ȳЦݣһС۰ͰͿŵСָһŮ˳
Сӹһڳ꣬۾ˣŮ˼̣úóԣһҪԣ
ôϲŮɫԽˣļ⣬ҲģԱ˵㲻
ЦžܾüǺģɱСٱˣҾҪˡ
Ůǹ߳ģȻóû̫ɣ˵٣ԥһ£͹ǮУǾ顣
üݹȥʱҲûʲôϴֽԼӣŮֱֽš
׺ܿһҲˡ
ſţڶʵҲˣƷļܿ춼꣬Ҳòˡ
׼̯ͼһŮ˹ѯʣ˵Ʒôûˣ
Ǹʣһ飬ƷˣҪ𣿡ʵ
Ů˳һ£ûͻǮЩ᲻ãҡҡͷת뿪
ҲǿһԼȥ·ҲɣϵĻҳҪ뿪ͼб·ߣߵڶݼСкųԣȴһָͷһС鼦ڵϡ
æ˵ˣǻҡ
һĵϾأôһСļڵϻһ£ȫܳˡ
˸ߣһ⣬ʮԵ۾Щ˵Сæܹɿ콫һС鼦ԲԲ۾
Ҹζ
˶
Ҫ˿ɱȺѰٱ󲿷ּͥԹ˲Ͼȥ˼ɱˣ
һ鼦⣬ߵŮǰ
ֻſŮǺ£Ѹ뿪Ŀһ˺С׿ࡣ
ЦݣҲ㿿һʯͷϣ͸㡣
˵ת뿪
һ㶯ٴλͷȥͼŮѾż⣬̻ʵĳԣЩɣҭֱۣ˻ԡ
һ·Ů˵һѹСѾͷɨǣ˶û˲˵겻ˣɲֹһΣû˸ҿ
ЦŻͷ᣺˵Ҿȥٱ㴫⽨ˡ
ɫһ䣬һۣϽתͷߺԼ·


68  68 
ȥ·, һԼ׬Ǯ
һֵǮģһ, æһĳɹ
̾Ϣһʱ׬ǮѰ
һСʱ, ɫˣֻ׬Ǯѣ·Ҳѣг, Ȼô죿
гҪƱûƱ
Ȼһš
ˡ
ھÿţ඼, ɴ, ЩֱóĶг, Ӧġ
öע, ճɻ
ڶһ, ű컹һļٴĵطȥ, в˹
С⼦Ҳóԣ, Сӿϲˡ
ǰ, ûȥ, ҼҴӾͿ˰Сʱ, ҺøмǼҰһŮЦŵС
աЦŵͷݹȥ
һòˣʣһ
˹ʣǸˡ
˿ϧһ£˵㻹
ϲ͹Ͳ
ǺáԷ£ź뿪
ˣһ⣬ٴηλãǸСﻹǣûж㿪
¼һ̣СĿڣлл
лûġЦһ¡
СҲЦˣģЦȴÿ໹У̫ˡ
ЦݣҲԽˣСż⣬һȥոʱ˳һºģֱӹȥͺá
ȵ˵طͼززͬͼ̶Ĵү壬ԱΧſ
վһи˹ʣС
гûС
۾һǽһ䣺ģгɲˣҪƱû͵øˡ
ͷ֪
ɣɡ˵ͷűǰ档
߽һӣһգ͵һԺ
гҪ󣬾ʹƳһŮʿгûмǸܣҪ΢Сһ㣬ź£һڼۣһٰˡ
һ£Ǯݹȥ㡣
һЦӹȷгóǰ󲻹ʮӣѾų
гһо͸ˡ
ҲŻȥгĴ䣬ûбķ֣һһѸɵӣͣ£ȥһЩ
죬ͳġ漦Ѽ⡣
۸ҲͨļҪ
ϸ࣬Ҳ١
ǻʣһݸһֱڽֶŵСȻõСԼһֺÿЦݣԼһССлл
֮ûô˵·𲢲졣
ֻÿСﶼڶ濴
*
ӳʵȤȴôˡ
ǮûȥˣȻŴպãӻǸǳԣϴϱԹûŻǶǮôѣûô
ֻӸƤ˵Ӵǳ£ԼŮҵϴƢģ˵׶ԷԼҳԺȣһɫҲûС
ÿδ󱦶ԼŮ۸ÿޣϴҵЩÿĨǵĴߣ˵϶֪ϱ
ŴƤһ˵û˼϶˵
Ҳ̫ˣȷʵĲԣҲȫûеֱĵزЩҪϰֱ֪֤ˡ
ϴҵһδߴ£Ŵֻ˵Ҵȥ绰϶
ϴҵæ˵ǸϽȥɣ˳϶ҪҪҸȻụ̂ԺҪԽԽˡ
ѾŴ֪˴ŵҲµŴ϶˺ܶණȻڽúõһֱӻңỹãҪǺݺҲ̹ܽ
Ŵ˻ãԼȷʵƢں˵㣬Ǻӣﵽͷ϶ǲ̺ܽõġ
Ŵ⻰ͷһţֱţҲٵ飬ȥ绰ˡ
ܿ汻֪ͨӵ绰
Ŵӵæһ䣺϶
ӦһΪŴ˵˭֪һȴûЩĵࣺǲǼʲôˣ
ûУŴæ˵Ȼֿһԥԥ϶ϱˡ
ʲô˼ɻ
Ŵҧﲻãӳ軵ˣǿҲ˴Щ฾ܾúǻģǰóԺúȵĹǣǻ׽ߡзϱˣһ٣ֱ˵ˡ
绰ǱһĬֻ΢صĺ
ŴεںӻǸңǸѾѾܣϴϱˣ㿴ҪٸȢһ
ŵ绰ͷһ飬ͬŴ飬˼ͣڶϱϡ
źͶ飬Ϊ۹Ҳߡ
ȻƽĶۣ汾ʱǺܺõģ߰ʮ޹ˡˣȳҲߴĺãӷȫɱһƬӡ
ҲˣҪһŮ˽飬Ը⡣
ҶҲ֪һ㣬ǸĺӣְҲã˽̳Ůжٻ˼
Ǻܺʵѡ
ҪѡǼҶء
һĬȻԼʵм̽׼٣Ͻ˵ȵȵȣһһˡ
ɰɣҪǲ鲿ӵ£͸Ͻ´ˣһֱŲǰ취ŴͷҲµһʲô˵ͲҪָˣ񶼻ˣһסԭķ˼ֻιš
ٴγĬã֪鷳ٴһʱ䣬λȥҿ϶Ūá
ȷʵ˵ûĸ׽̵ֲߣ⣬ÿӶôΪ׵ģôʶ˲١
˱֤Ŵͷһ˵һõġ
˵úãǾͲ˵ˣˡ
Ҳµ绰ӵ绰쵼ոյĶԻҲһЩ쵼ļ˵֪ξ٣㶨⣡
֪һġЦһ쵼һСʱȥƱ
ȥɡ
쵼һ֣ܳȥˡ
жٶһ죬һСʱ㶨˻Ʊҹ˻ؼҵĻ𳵡
*
󱦶档
ӸĸߣүүôϲǣҲɢעʱˣֻҪܸɻȥϹȡܶһ㹤֡
/ŵʱͷɹ¶ȸպãһȺӾϲϷ
Ŵ󱦶ǱţӲϲ棬ʱǾԼԼ档
ڲݵ˯
㣬Ȼû֮ǰڵʱãڣҲõı۸˰ְ֣Ȼºöܵãǳ׳ûеĺӡ
ҲܸˣֻǸ֮໹ЩģС˵̺ʹ˵ְҪˡ
󱦾ϲѽ
üΪȢϱ
СʱȥĴǳź趼ǻģ֮ǰǶðǲǶһ£ͶǶˣ⵹Щʳﶼǳԣ
󱦳ҲܣҲҪ裡˺裬ְһϲˡ
Ͻű֤ҲҪ
ƫ¶Ҳŵͷ
󱦶ЦÿģȻָԶְ֣
ҲϽȥͼһɫӰڴ·ϣӰǰְ֡
һԾǱȥ
߽˷ֹȻ档
ˣֱӳȥְ֣
֡
ְ~~~
һͬȴͬ۵ĺüһ/ҹδ˯ƣ¶͵Цݡ
ܵԼǰſֱۣһһıסȵβסĳ磺ˣְֶˡ
ְֱЦøˡ
кһŮȻƫŮһ㣬һ̧֣󱦱һǣԶ˵ǣ
áͷ۰ͰͿŰְ֡
һĿڻȥ·ϣԭȲô˵ĺӶкȻһ䣺Ұְֻ
ѽûǰ˵һóԵѽھӵ٩
ͷаûкóԵľͲ֪ˡ
Щ˽ʣλǽɣû޹˵Сܵ裬⺢۹ŵһ㡣
ġ䵭࣬òĵͷ
󱦵Ѿֱӿˡ
ǰҹĳ浽ҲŲŵ㣬ŴϢĻ֪ôк緹㣿
ڳվ˸ˡӷȥ棬˵㲻ùܣһȥʰһ£ȥżҴһˡ
Ŵһ̬ǵͷá
˶ûעӾø߸ߵͣµ֣ǲҪ裬ǣǻ裡
ΪҲ֪Ҫȶ֣Ҫǻ裬ǻӣ˵
󱦶ɫ΢䣬Щ飬Ǵ󱦣¸࣬۾Щ졣
һãҲȥȻǻ˵Ǿ͸һȥ˼ҵǸ
󱦶⻰ϵĿֱӱ˷ŭҲתܡ
Ŀɿڴû뵽ǸܣһʱɣŴһߴţϽġ
򴽣صԼңЩңķ䳤Ŵ򿪣ȴһӹŹֵζ
üᣬȻǰƿ̵ıӡ
һ˺öڴϡ
濴壬ֱˣ


69  69 
ȷԶ뷨, Ůǰ㿹ܵҲΡ
ԷһʮС޸Լ豾ί˼ңĸ˵ˣһʼӶ, ⡣
Ҳ᲻⻹Ա
ԼӾرģ˭϶˵ˡ
ȻŭҲڿԼϵġ
ŴæҲûôʱӷɨ΢ʰһǼұԺӾͺܲˡ
ĵˡ
ҪΪθȷʵûʲôеһ϶ˣȻ³ˡ
˵һСʱ
˺ЩĴҪ
ˣȷɸɾ󣬲ʰһ»ҳ, ˼·, žһЩųȥ
ȵ˶żҴ, ԭЩ
˭֪߽һ, ͷǳ⧲ųĶĳ¨ﻹһɫС̹
˫һ·ֱԹ
ø˵Ķ˵, 񶼻, ˫Ѿûйϵˡ
ǳģզһ, Щһ£ܾöԷ⼸ƺƯһЩ, ܿ췴ӦΪûԼ, ֱӽ˽ס, ң
һЦ, ͣ³¨С̹ӡ˶ԴֹԹ壬ɪɪ
ϽС¶ǸЦݣǸﺢ۸ˡ˫һŮʿֱϣܽҵǸ⡣
־һֱ
üͷһЦһ£ҡͷлл̫ˣҲҪ
ЦЩεʵҾִ̫ˣ֮ǰΪǶǻܽܶԷǶ磬Ժúý̵ǿ϶
΢΢һЦҡͷˣҲ̵һǺһ䡣
ɫ΢䣬Щʧ䣬Ŀ
Ҵ󱦺ͶЩˣ֪˭˵ģԺ⣬ûи㣬Ƿŵҷߴġ
ж澪һ
û뵽
ΪѾˡ
ɫЩͷ۵̫Ѩһ뵽󱦺Ͷ̬ȣǿղѡ
ҷ£ٴóֱԲסˣֱ鷳£ֻǴҵǸ⣬Ǹøġ
治ãҲûбҧڰ֣ɴЩ⣺ҲؾˣӦѾˣˡ
֮ǰĶɫһ£Цҿˡ
ЦЦﳵˣߣͣҸҵĹЩ£ҵȻȥˡ
òͷټ
˫ʹ˱ȴûתվԭأıӰһСʧڹսǴ̾Ϣһתͷȥ
һ߱׵ŵܵĴ󱦶˵磬Ҳòؼˡ
ҪǶӶûš
صĵȻүү̵ļҡ
ֻǵ͵͵ԺûпӰҪһ㣬ֺһ£ͼŹӵԺſڳ֡
Ŵ򹷣
ӲرСԴǾ˵ĻŵĴӴڡ
ʱˣŮͶֿʼܣɫڣԺһŹӴ󲽳
סһһӾʹƨϣŭˣˣȻ׽ߣŲҽǶ߶ȥ
žડһӴϵĶ
ȱץסĴ򱦡ۡĿʼͬʱҲƴ棬ֻܱŴ
һ¡
Ҳûô̫أں˵Ѿǳˡ
֣󱦻ſڵϣԱ߲Զ֮ǰһֱܵĴ󲮼ҵĽãЦ
ءزֻʹˣжѹա
һǶ
ץסѾʼޣ·𶼱Ƶģء
ոһֱҪȰŴҲ̲סҪǰˣ㶼˴󱦣˼һ¾͹ˡ
ûǴȥ
žһ£ʹĳ鴤һ£̣ͣʹ̡
ŴĶҪˣ̲סƿӣ§ڻ˹ˣ⺢ӣڲҪӣҿô㣡
Цãôˣˣڽǣ
Ŵ㳣겻ڼң˴ͽѵûн̹ǣ
ס׼ٴνͣڰС
ŴûʶոյĻԶǶôĳӲˣ͸ңʱũ˴󲿷ֶŮģȻҲ⣬Ůһ̾͹ȥˡ
һӿ޺ͲֻˣŴ佫ӱԼ䣬ǳԺͬʱС˵ѽԺҪٸ㶥ײˣˣҲȲ㡣
ҭҭȴί̣۰
ã̸࣬ࡣ
⣬ãǰҪһſڵϿ޵ĴŮΪʲôôӺ裬տ󱦺޺޵ĵһۣƿְ֣ߣ
ʱԺҲ򿪣˳ܳȥ
ͷ۵ĸϽȥ׷Ů˺һ»صҪıã˺öŵ
󱦺ʣְ֣ܲܲҪ裿
Ĭȸְ֣߰˭趼ǻ𣿡
󱦼̬ȾͲµһЩֻǴʱ̫ˣȱĸȱٸʱκģʵʵ˵ۼԱߵ˵ģ˺к֣Ⱥ˺ӣ͸ϲˣû׼Ҫˡ
ԭ
Ůһϲ˵Щ߰Ķֻû뵽һǰ˵
񾭲𣿣
ɫȻеģȴ
˵öԣԼûôܺӣƾʲôҪǱ㣿
ҪڲһΣ
濴ŮȰѧ˵̬ȣЩ֪һɴôϲ˵ЩŮˣ˭֪ûеڶ
ӣһ꣬һ꣬һ꣬볤ʱ仹ܳȥҪˡ
ְ֣󱦲ɫԣЩӵĺһ
ǿһЦǿûŮǰ¶ʲôǳ緹ȥݺԼߣڡ
*
ϣҴջ潫ھӴһٵ¾ʹӡ
֮ǰһˣ¸ڵҲ˵ˡ
ʱİԣܲһˡ
ִ֪磬˶ֻҼһЩ߲ˣһζͺá
ÿζһȥ
Ȼԣ˻ԣһֱչСֻǸᱻ˵̫ɡ
ԣһ£û뵽ô嶯ͦȵһˡ
ֻ¸ûϵˣӣԺţͿʼô򣬸С̹ѡ
һסԺ󾭳ţŲֵǮĶΪ˼쳤ֺСУ˿Ǻö
г⡣
԰æţٺòˡ
С̹˺ϵˣǰæ⣬ʱ󲿷˶ԼԲ٣ϸҲҵ
ⲻʹֻ˵ȼֵ
ٺùϢˡ
򼦵һδӣĻҲԽԽ࣬ɴг¨һװͨļ⣬һװ漦Ѽ⡣
һݺ˾ͿʼˣǺͻأļ١
ʲôԶ˶档
Ҽ۸ˣҲԲ
ֻʮټˣԼջǺŵģȻ಻ԣҲڲ򼸴ξʧȥȤ
Ѿյĺ漦⣬Ѹɼ⣬Լʣʮͨ漦⣬üͷ΢΢
ȻһЩϤϸСҲ⡭
ƫͷͼ֪ʲôʱСѾߣԶĵطŬ˵
ȻһЦлл֪ʲôʱʼѽ
СͷϣñȽıһǮûнĺóԡ
֪ˡЦһ䣺ô֪ĸóԣ
СС˵ģ
Цݸˣһ鼦ݹȥ㣬ʣЩ࣬һ顱
СʱЦֽӹл˵һ䣺㣬ҪҪطһ֪һط˺ܶࡣָһ򣺡ֹȥи꣬ö˽ļرóԣǿ϶ϲġ
ллֵȥ
ţСԼ飬ǣŲ»صֶ棬һûԣǶӻ֣һӣʧ
*
֪⸽Ҳиģʹ㻻ط
ֵĵطֹһ֮ǰͼƻˣֻǰѡ
ʱС飬ʵպøƻĵطıϣֱӹȥˡ
гȷʵ㣬װֱӸϲסҳͿﳵ뿪գ۾ʹһֵĽֵһĽ֡
־ЩԶȺӦкܴһֲغϡ
ͣóļ⣬˺ѯʣʲô
⣬üǺģǮһ顣һֳССһ㣬ƷҪǲؼҳ֮ǰҶ֪˵ûԹĶ˵ãǽö˵㡣
㰡һЦӹС鼦ⶪϸϸƷζĵͷãһ顣
ٴγɹ
һɹһڶܿš
ڶʱȻһЩϤţ
̧ͷͼԶһɲĿԼȷǶûȻ󲽹
顣鼦⣬ĿſտҲı¨£ͼ߽һø
ôˣүүأüͷɫʮֲ塣
һĹƷһֺзһһ۴磬Ҫ·Ҳǰͦء
ùõɷ򣬲ùøЩԶүүĸŮҲһҳģƽʱʲô¶æλùþܸɣ޵˳ɷҲǰλҲǹˣһ¼ʮǮǴĽļͥ
Цģ·ԭүүûзһ𣺡үүڼҸɻء
˱ôһ˳гģҪȱǮ͸˵Ҫˣ廧ඪ˰
˵ӿڴǮøǮš
û뵽ô飬ΪֻѵģȻЩ֣Ҳֱæų˰ڰ֣ˣҲø廧ˣǮԼðɣ׬Ǯá
Ǯóһ̧ۣʣһӰЩó
ǲµĺӣҪǮ廧ǲǶżҵ
ȻȥʱҪ˵һ˵Ҳþûشˡ


70  70 
żҴ
, ϹĴֻһأο·һ㡣
εۼ˾ͻֱ
ϰ˵, ̫ѾˣΪ˱̫ȣɻѺ䤱ᱳʹ
ȻԱ߲Զ·һųӰ˼Ϣ˵Ŀ⣬һһŮ˺Ȼźĺεε, 㿴ǲֶŮ
εʶƫͷ, ͿһĨԵʮƯгԼгϳӭƮŮ, ƯЩĿ
ǰôûֶôÿ
ĪǮͱøﺢһ
εŻЩЦʱ, ͷӲôˣ
ⲻһֶŮгԼĻǱ˵ģŮЦҹŮȥ㶫̫Զ, г, ̫ˣҪԼ, ͽ¡
ε˵֪Լȥʣ
ֹһ, г˳ԼģٿǮأ
Ҳã
εһƬ, ֮ǰ, ǰ㲻Ϲϵ, ȻǮҪƽԼǮԺǮˣˣҲˡ
˵ŮȤƲ죬Ҫɻ
ӺȻ˵˼ĳüˣÿʹСġ
ۣԼİ
Ǯ
ǰ֮ǰȥˣһгһٶʮǮأ⻹ƱģҪûƱ
һĽ·гӰʧŲӿ·ܿһ
ţȻһ˳ԱȫҲǺðװֵĸ˷ѡ
εͷ˼Լݣûǰ˵ʲô
ȴûô˼ɣֱǺȥ˰ɣ˼ôأûǮ
²ۻȥ˵ỰڨЦ
ȥ
εɫԽãܾǾ仰˵Լû
һֱȵ˵룬˻ȥ緹ٹɻ
ĻȵʱͿԶϢСʱ
εҲص÷һҲˣεһ߳ţûסС˵Ѿͷгÿ춼ȥ֪ڸʲô
ŴɫˣгզأȻǮȥг
˫˫ѾͷܣȥɶʶˣҶˣ
ε˵žкЩü֪Ѿͷעء
Ŵɫ̫ˣҪѵ⡣
Ѿȵˣ¸ҲûʲôϵǮȥˣѵҪôõģ
εԼһ¡
ɶֻ˦ߵһߣҲû취ŴɫȻһ£˫˫Ŵһ뷨˵ҲһҪ˵Ǯ⣬Ժÿ¸һǮˣǮͲߣñżҺƭˡ
ԣŴͬĵͷ
˫˫õͬ𾢶ˣ֮ǰ£ȷʵЩŮҲĹȥ˵ЩֻܱϴǣԲÿ࣬ҪȥϣҲгһһ٣
ٺ㣬㿴˭Ѿͷһᣡ˸ãŴ
ǰŮӴ٣ϰӴĶ࣬û뵽ŮѲǮȥһ룬ûš
һѾͷԺʲôã
˫˫򴽣˵ˣ֮ǰѾͷҲϴȢϱԼǺõ㰡Ҳ
϶ż˳ȥϹڶг²û˭ȥʲô
ȵ磬Ŵ޵ֶŮһˣҲûôгҴһһһ߲ˣִҴ뿪˵ĻȴöŴһ
ǶҲˣֻ֮ǰ£ûȥ˵ʲô;ۡ
Ŵȴסһߣϰȥڡ
*
ι
ΧһСԺСŬƨ/ڵ߲Ҷõĥɵķĩò졣
ţֱӽ߲ҶȺﶪˣΧЦ£ܹȥš
ԺŴ򿪣Ŵ˫˫ǰЦʧ̲үү̣ʲô£
Ŵ۱ԺгɫԽڳ˵гҪʲô

Ŵһ죬ŮԼûаη壬ҲȦˣø翴ǲҪЩһ廧
󷽷ĵͷԡ
ԸƨŴŭһȵֲûǮʲôҪȥ廧֪ඪ˰˵ôܾ˶ۼָָ㣿¾Ƿֹ
˫˫Ҫºͺࣺܶ㻹С£廧Щû˸ɵģҿɶƲϣαأ
ۿǱݣ˵ˣһ죬ЦеɰҲȥҲԣүүÿһǮɡ
Ŵˣٿ鶼ˣҪǮأ
ȣ㲻ÿ׬һǮ
㡪ŴҪȻӦ±Ƶһ׬һǮ
˫˫Ҳһ۾ɴˣһǮ˵ˣ
ЦǲбΪ˲Уڸ廧ǹҶ߹ˣ׬ôҲǺǮԼŬ׬ģҵ廧ҲɣǸǮҾͲȥɱ˵ЩеûģҲں
Ŵɫ˱䣬ҪӲ˵廧ˣŮҪǮ֣ȴû
һһǮ̫ˣ
ǾһҲ׬Ǯ
˫˫˵Ψһ׬Ǯ·Ӿֵأÿβ㣬ʳǮһһĿڲмʮ飬˼һٶࡣ
һС׬ô࣬
˶Ҫ˵ȴ˵ηĵɻȥ⼷ң˵Ҳǲɣ̫ˣүү̣Ǹѽɫѿֲ˵ЦǸɣϾǿҰǮҪ̰˵ˡ
ߣŴǿƣһ͵ɣ㡣
˵æתȥ
˫˫Ͻߵߵĸ
ǻصԼεӳѯʵ֣զˣ
Ŵһۣɫ͸죬û˵ֱӻطˡ
ŪúεһãȻֿš
˫˫һЦС廧Ƕˣһ׬һǮǻȲһСѾͷƬ֡
εһ𾪵Ŀ˶˻ѹļٵģ
˫˫һ㶣ҡҡͷ֪˵ġ
ļٵû֪ɶ˵Ǽٵģһ׬ëǮҲԶԶֵػ
ϳȥϻʱڼģ
εǼ΢ȴһ㣬ǻ޷
ȱʲôȱǮ!
ԼûУֶ̰Ůĳ¡Ҫĸ˵һ׬һǮǸöð
죬ĸ廧£û££ֻҪ׬Ǯ
ֻǻûڣ޶һۿ뷨ҿɲɣ廧ඪ˰˵֪ɶ׬ǮҲɣ
εֱţĵĿѸתıӰûסһûã
ɶȴûεͷҪ廧뷨Ũ
һСѾͷ׬ô࣬ȶʮ꣬϶׬࣡
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ĿͶŴ˫˫Ǳ룬Цһ¡
ԭԶż˵˽⣬ͶŴҪӵˣ϶Ըȥ廧ǲеġ
ҲᣬεԻ᲻޴档
ԭʲôԶˣСӣûգƤǳȻʮزƸ룬Ҳ˭º̶ܷƵģ˿ɲ١
ȶż˷ͺá
Ͼ۸ܲһۣ
˸С̹ڵܹϣҧĿȡ
ĺõĶһͽƿϴ֣ڳɻ
ôʱ䣬ȶҲòˣʱµĲƷ
պٹһ¾Ƕڣ̶ͷǳʡ
̶⣬еģ۸϶Ҫһ㡣
Ȼڶ̶ĳ֣ܻӭ
ͣһط󲿷ʱĵطһ⣬ų˶ĵطͣһ
һ־ꡣ
Դ̶⣬־꣬ٴκ
ÿһݼ߼̶⣬ҪǸСеŮ͸ûԼԡ
󲿷ʱõˡ
ͱߵʱͿ
ֻǡ
ǽǱӶŵСǱģиһŮ㻹˵ûҵܵܵĳԵģôô𣿡
ǻмأһӴΪǿ
ŮǰһǹСãвǮ
ŵСȴֻӣԴͷ̧
ɫ΢䣬Ѹ³ֽͣãȥСһһźԱһˤڵϣǵǸʲô
꣬ӾȻʶġҵϴ϶
ûӱ֮ǰҪ࣬·ǸɾģƺҲһ㡣
һû䣬һС׺ܶࡣ
󱦺Ͷˤһ£ûôһǳ⣬һֱӳ˼ۺ죺㣡
һȥ֣֮ǰĺˣ


71  71 
һҺ
ɹ, ɫ󷽺ȫͬζܿԼǵӡ
һۣ̲סһ¡
鿪ʼӦûнӽʱ, û뵽黹Լ費ˣǲԭŮλãԾŮǰ
ǰˡ
Ϣǰ˵ġ
ζܿҲƬ̡
һ£ѯʵô£
զզˣ󱦾ͼе˵ְ֣ǣ
һ, תһɪɪĬĬС, ϸ˿Һʱϻƾɵİ, ů, ȻڣǼûô
ζܿüͷ𣬲ͬĿ, ǰ촩Խ, ûӦͱĸż, 档
ԭԸ⣬͵͵, Ȼûںӱϴ·, 
ٴ, ζܿˡ
ʮ, һլŮҲϲӣͨԭļ֪պõڶٴ࿴ֶԷúܺÿǾ˳Ȼ飬һֱԭЩкÿˣϵͷͬ⡣
ǽӴĵΣӴһ¡
ݵĽӴӴСģȿɰһǻĸˣû뵽ͷ¡
ŮԭҲУζܿһӾڶżҴģǰʱҲ࿴ˣֻû뵽Ի鲻죬ͷֿˣһ˲ñĸʹԭرĽŮ
ζܿû뵽ôģżĺӾ͸Ҷ֣˵֮ǰҲִ˺ӵġ
ֻһȴһСͦģһ㲻ԷۣЩɻ
ζܿĵ뷨֪ʱҲ˵
ûֱ󱦵˵ǿº͵˵һô𣿡
˵СﵨӵĶͷҲ̧
ƳóӵĿ⿴ԼĴ󱦶ɫ̫õ˵Ҳһ£ôĶôС𣿡
󱦴⣺˵ģҸ⣬һһˣϻмûأ
ŵͷ˵˵ǲģ
۸˵ʱһԣʱ棬Դڰְֻ˵ͷ
ʲôƵģü㿴Ҿ˵ɣ
̲סС
ȫȥŰְҪ𣺡Ҳְ֣ңȥ
ζܿ󱦣̫ˣִɤţ̫ˣֲ˵ֻ򴽣ĺøж½һЩ
СſǻЩֻҵҡûУءûУ
죡ǳһ´󱦣֮ǰɪһ£ڿϰתСıã㲻Ҫ˵ģ
Сȭͷ߬·ŬƽỮһƤԵðһЩǡǽ㣡ءǽҵġ
֪ˡ΢΢һЦֿɫ䵭ÿ춼һ鼦⣬ʱŵڶϳԣƾǿ
ɡҪ˵
Ӳ󣬼˶һˣϻķݣҪҲ⣬ȥһɡ
㵣ÿ춼⣿
ûлشֱȥгƹ¨Ӵ򿪣һĸζ˱Ƕ
һóһֽװ̶⣺ģӦǸڽģ֮ûңΪ֮ǰҶһ
治ٻɣšüСӣɫ̫õĵʣְ֣߰⵽ôˣ
ͷ̧ͷɫѿӲԴشְ֣
󱦷һʣһʱ֪ô졣
Ҫһ㣬żְ֣һʱԲôģ϶Ǳˡ
ǵ
ɫ˱䣬η壬ǲĵı졣
㶼ܰԼˣ۾޵ˡ
ö˵⼸֣˾Ͳµ
ĸԼ⣬ҳ򣬾Ǹ
浱ɫһƴƨ/ϣžһ԰Ȼѧ˵ˣ
ʱ۴ĿΧۡ
󱦺Ͷһͷ˵
һԿţЦһ£żӰҾǸøǸ
ɫͣεͷǸõǸСѣԲеǮȥǳԡ
Сæҡҡͷֶ
ޱ飺棬˵ӸǸд󱦣ùӴҪôҴȥҪôԼѡɡ
Ӹӱ壬˾ͻᶯ֣ϲ
ȴû㣬Ҳᡣ
ǸޣҲ챻ˣʹȣҲϲ
ˣǵͷáתͷӣǿ˼ҵǸ
һŵ̧ͷֿİְ֣һ񣬴
ŲҴ㣿һв
󱦳ӵĵתҪܡ
ĬĬȡ
ֱӱһ£žߴˤڵϣ˶ˤˣԴʶˣ첲ϥȴ򴩵·ۡ
ءȻ
һֱСû̧ͷǡӽǣĿȣˤͶصӣӳԾĵɴ󣬼һһʵģ͵͵Цˡ
ŵĴ󱦿ʱ޵ø
ĬĬŵζܿҲһŪþһ
ʲô
ЦѽôˣŮǸÿ¾ܣ֣ҿɲʲôˣûô
ζܿæǰ󱦷
Űæ̫ѨһһģŮŻңȴû˵ʲôҲܴ󱦻ڿޣɫڳԼǸǸһ
ɵˣҲҵ飬۱Ƶ˵ԡԲ𡭡
֮ҲԹԵǸ˸Žһޡ
Сû
ڰ֣˵һ䣺ˣԺ𶯲۸ˣһСƨΪԼ޵˰
ƤЦⲻЦĳ˳ǣŮһֱζܿĬĬǣŶ뿪
*
ȼˣûֱӽ⽻СǶŬ۾ѯʣʲô֣
ŮգۣСС~
ǸŴ˵ϰˣ˵ʱŪ˸Գֿɰ
ܺ֡佱ĵЦʵС꣬ҪҪһȥ㡣
ļƻʱûСһ硣
ԶԶ뱣ķʱûɷܰæչˣһˣҲŶʮ겻Ƿܶ͡
һܸǵľ֮٣Ůӡ
ŮӾȱٺܶݣҪΪӸĸֲԸ¾
һʼֻ⺢ӿֿɰܰͰһ£֮
ϾʧȥĸĺӺֻ࣬Եˡ
ոտ۸ĻˣȻʱ䲻Сȷʵ
Ǿɡ
ܱܲڹø
ֻΪ嶤ģȴǰŮֻǳԾһ£ȻٴεͷСԴҡҡֽ黨ϸϸ˵лл㣬ҡҲ뿪⡣
ȻϵĴ𰸣ǵͷãģԺҾȥ㡣
С̧һۣˮ⣬ȴƯСٴγ֣ʮֶˣָһڣҼҴȥաҹգ͵㲻ңÿ춼ģر࣬һԵġ
һЦá
׼õļ̶ݸ
СֽӹĵлЩתǰһڡ
ҲųҪ뿪
һְĳϡ
ûͷ֪˭һ·ûģװȵ
εЦĿЩֺãⲻѽÿζˣ
΢ǳЦǰ
εԸĸԼ˵ͷɣ־Щ΢ֻǵоӣȫĶ廧ϣ˵һ£ɱأ
ԥⲻðɣ
ʲôղãֲܸ⣿ε٩㲻ɣ
򴽣˵Ҳ࣬һɡ
һ룡εССľһ£Ǵ˺ü죬Ѿͷļ˵Ĺһ㣬Ǯһ飬ССģ
̶͸ˣëǮһУꡣ
˸綢һ·Ҳżˣ˶ټ⡢ٺ漦⡢̶⣬꣬ˣ˵ҲǮˣ
Ҫĳɱֻһ룬Ǳ֮ǰ˫˫˵׬øࣿ
ͷˮҪȪһӿˡ
̫˼ˡ
Ц£ǰ
εͲסЦЦ˵гϢˣ֮ǰﻹģڿɲõˣȻȥɣһ¡
áͷﳵ뿪
εˣתȥ磬ͬ򼦵ˣζҲͻУɲ٣һھܳԳжٶȥһ£
֮ۡǰǣУͲˡ
εǮʱֶڲܾԼϾҪˡ
*
ų뿪յ¨Ӵջ
гƽʱСʱ·̣һ㣬Сʱܶ͵ˡ
ڰ·ϣһ΢ϤӰ࿴һۡ
պöԷҲͷ
ʱζ̲ܿסһ
ɲͣ¡
ζܿǰ֮ǰü۸ŮѺõЦݣ죺ҽζں洦󡣡
Цݣòʲô𣿡
ζܿ˼ЦЦ˵һΪʲôʱҪ𣿡˵£ЦʧЩࣺʵСĺǿģȲˣЩˡ
ҪشָϽǸĲ䣺ʵҾͦõģܹͶǸСŮƺԴЩƫ
ƫᡣ̬ȺܺãҲܳʵĻش𣺡Ӧ֪֮ǰ£ӲöԸʵʺų裬ǶѺãҪСˡ
˵ʲôζܿ޷⣬ͷСʲô˼֮ǰ֪˱ȽصĶ磬˵Ѿˡ
ЦЦ㿪ľͺãԺҪҡ
ζܿ仰Īˡ
Ҳ˵ﳵ뿪
仰ֻžѾܴı仯ζܿûܸ㶨ӣԭ³ģҲļζܿ£ֻܳǵðæһ¡
ζܿ˵һ£Ӳѵߵ̫죬ȻһӵģӲͬͬ·һΣҪֿߣԺܷҲС
ҡͷһſڴķ¶һĨЦݡ
ȻӣǺ˧иǺܻģ
Ųҵķȥ
ֻȻоһ
ζܿɫ΢䣬գ֪ʲôʱ̫ѾסģϽӿŲ
û׵ңˮ¡
ʱҲպûؼңСжŵö㵽С̹ſڵ¶ꡣ
˻С̹ĳһˮ
ηæҵĽͦãСץë˵¾µ꣬˸硣
ڻͦģˮҲ䣬ɱðˡ
Լˮ˵üͷˣһһˮ򶹴γһˮ̶
Ȼ뵽ǸС᲻Ҳˣ


72  72 
겻, 궫ڼС, ŻԵ, ҲԼ
ζҲƮȥ, ΧھӲ֪һֱڼֳԵ, ͬҲŲԸڶżԵɢζ
֪εƷԼļ, ĵͷ̵ģ϶ϲ˺ܶࡣ
ĿӼ, ¶ʹɫ˷˶ٺö
εһ, , Ҳûܣ˵ЩȻЩ, ɵҵĶȥ϶׬Ǯ
죺Ҫ׬Ǯô죿
úεäĿ, һζզصŮˣϲĸ㣿
˵һҪǮ, Ǯ
εˣⳢǸȶҪ˵ļ⣬ĵ˵, ζԺͶһģһұıˡ
Ͷǿŵ϶Ը׸, ֻ˵ġ
ζǲǸ̫, Ҳûб˵̵ĸо, Լ, ССһ飬̵ģмζʱͶһļ۸񣬿϶ܶ
꣬Ҳ֪·߲
ȲҪȥˡ
·һ㶼ߡ
һεµЩˣǽһû£·һ¾Ҫһ££ʱض͸ˡ
˱߳ȥһŵ
ԼԺӶľţŶѡ
ֵһ죬ųš
һٴμ˼ķر̶⣬ԼǰŪŴ׷ۺľ⡣
ɽЩƣûɽô壬༸Qˬڡ
ţһ֣ϿΧͬʱԹûզѽӲ˺һûȵ㣬ߵʱ򻹿ء
ǸЦЦزߣŪЩ㿴Ʒ
һȥ
ʱQĶȽ٣һ־һ棬Ʒһ£һ۾ˣ׷Ǯ
һǮһ˵ӣˣһֱŵС𣿡
һ£ҡͷûСȻһ˵ףѾͷզأ
ͷһЦЦûʣҺ֮ǰһġ
ר߿˸һ䣬ҲȣʣµһЩֱӱ˵һֱˣµ¨ӵһ𣬹ͷϣխĳӣ˳
ӲҲһ˸պùȥųЩߣ˳ľӣתһӣұ߹һ£ͿһӾͷªľѡ
طģһССӰ棬û¶Ҫǿ·֪ˡ
һ£֮ǰ˵ȻȥˣΪסĵطӦеġ
û뵽
Ͻǰ˱СúܣױСƺˣһ£æ˵ң
С˶٣Ĳˡ
һ£ۣں𣿡
СգۣһӦŬͷ~
ССɳơ
˿ٺһƹȥطȻֹһڣԹһߣܳȥ
ԹӼ򵥣ӣͳȥˡ
ųֱӳҽԺ
ĻǱȽϼʱһʱ䣬겻࣬ûյĵز
ֻȽˣģûо
ҽԺ˸ƨ/룬ֺȺİ࣬˾;˺ܶࡣ
˸ɾ·ҽԺˮ򵥵ϴ裬·СһӱɰСɰ
·ۿ죬Ͱװףɤлл㣬ҲҪ
Ϊʲô
Сʹүү˵ҲܴƯᱻ۸ҪĲźá
ԴѯʣС꣬Ҿھסĵطʺϳھסܸ˵һ£ΪʲôһȥҺؼңҼҾһˣһȥǾѽ~
С̧Ǿȣһˣ
ͷҵİְ趼ȥˣһˡ
С̧ҲԴڰοϧȻС˵Ƕ˵СɨǣˣְҺģүүҲҺˣС겻ܺ㡣
ʧЦС꣬Ƿ⽨ţɲţ
Сɴ̫һ㡣
ٴεҲҲţˣڸһȥɣ·ԴԸɸɾģ۸㣬͸˵Һģ
СŴҪЦֲңŲԸͷ
ҲīŶԷ᲻֮ǰˣڲˣֱӱˡ
˷ںܶСʶץ棬ųֱżҴȥ
·ϣϸϸĿ
װûģ޵ôСҲǲ
ʵҲС˵ﶼһû̸װ׵Ůһ޵ɥżϡ
Ҹװ׵С˧һҲͦõģ
*
صңС۾죬ѾɾˣһƬʪҲڱֻһ˫۾Ŀ˸оõԺӡ
ߴߴСУлõСԺӴɨúܸɾһ򿪣ĿŸʳĺ͵ϡ
𣬵ȻպˣСǰʼУ˷ͣٳһ⣬ˮٵġ
ӵʱ䣬ˡ
͵ݣСųԣȥСŪԵģԼų
ʱڵЦŹһЩʱ¸ճˮ߲ˣˣҪļӸպˣ߲Լҵģÿɺˣ͸
ллӡӹǮֶһë߲٣ˡ
һǮЦȴûߣǴ˵˵
ֻǸ߽ݣˣһ£˭ҹ
СҲæִٵվŬһá
Щɳƣء
úãСÿӿ佱䣬ת˰ɣҩûҪȥŴõðҩ
ˣ룬ҽԺҲҩҡҡͷ˵ҰһѼҵĺӣĸҲˣûˣպȥңͽӽӻˡ
ϴ֮ģ˭Ҳ֮ǰ˭
û룬׽ˣֻЩģҲǸС֮ǰ˵ôŪţû
ûЦŵǲʲô£
ˣСҸ˵֮ǰ࿴ңҪˣμׯǱߵĹ˵ͦõģͦһ֮ǰҪɻˣڵܴܵˣҪǮҪˣǿӴƻŮȥ裡
ҲЩ죬ǽ£˵Իˣ
ӦòԻˡӰڰ֣˵࿴˼Σò¾ֱӶϾзﶼǽһε
ͦõġͷ˵ʲô
һŹ֣ʲôãѾͷҲ֮ǰһɵʲôõģԼҵޣ򲻵ãɿûţڶˣӣ֮ǰ˵Ǯɶ
ҡҡͷʮƣϹѾͷˣͦ˵ģ˵ͼɶ
һίͼӡ
ɡӷôܲ˵Ͳģ뵱Ҳĳˡ

ʱֶУǲռ
ƺҲӦԼһû˵Сǰ˵Ͻ죬ˣʱһ䣺ѾͷҪ
Ҫġͷ鷳ˡ
ֺǺǵ鷳鷳
ˣȥţС̹̫ܳȥˣʱСѾ꣬ʰ꣬СĲԼ©µһ֭
˸Ĩһ֮ǰҽԺϴ裬ûϴɾˮݸˮ衣
ãСӦ
س׳ԱˣҲɻˣˣϴϴĨȻƨߵߵĸ
һֺֻСС
һһƬ֡
ȴȻ෴
*
СС󱦶һãɫ̫á
СЩʣ󱦶Ͷϸߡ
˵ģûãְһ¾Ϳң˵Լˤ˻á
ҧѵǽ飿˻飬ְ־ͲǵİְˣҪǸŮ˻˺ӣǾ͸ˣ
Ķû˵
ַԹˣվСÿλûʵʩͱʶơ
ӴڼȷʵʶӵĹ龫ԼѶԸҲͬһУٲܸ۶ӡ
ζܿദƷǳ˳˫ĸҲúܺʣһҪǮһҪʵ
ǽѾǶˡ
ʹٲԸ⣬Ҳô졣
ʵϴٵ˵ͬ⣬Ϊϴ˸ڽ˼Һ󣬵Ⱥ˯͸ҥˡ
ֻǴ󱦲Ļ
˽һ£ԼҲôˣ۾üһʼǲҲǺܺãֻͻȻͱˣǣִǡ
ڶôãδ϶Ҳ仵˺֮
󱦲˲ᣬҪǻ֣˵Ҫ·˰ˣͲܼ޳ȥˡ
ԣյɫչͬԣҲ˵
˶һֽۣĿϡ


73  73 
Ӷʮ
ʱ޷, Ÿɾ·еɽװŮ˳, رһ컨, Żޡ
ζܿг, ҽӵżңһ·˲, ⼸ӵĺӶŹˣЦЦʮ֡
Ҳס̾á
ζܿЦŨ
ڹ, ˱붴޷Ҫȥк, һͽСӱ
ĵľС, ҪСʲô¡
ú/, һͻ
͵ԹԵͷ֪˰ְ֣
ζܿҲЦ˵ȥɣܳʲô°
Цһ, 󲽳ȥһȰƵ
ζܿҲûʲô˵ҽ㳪ɣ
ѽԹԵͷ, ǷҪ
ζܿҲϲ, ڻ, ̵СѼ, ¸¸¡
ѧ
;治ĻˣûžĸТһĻЦݣ»صϡ
ƺ˺һЩ˶ˣȻζܿԴЩΣôˣ
ζܿʧЦô󱦽ҹģˣ
󱦣һ飬Ȼ˼֣Ҫ˵ʲô׷ŹȻײζܿһ¡
ζܿһһ˺ƵĶɲʱЩһֽڻס˺ѵĵط
ӴͲðɣĵ٩
ǿЦʲôãĴϲأɢɢˣȻȥˡ
˵һѱˡ
ζܿŵģڸǣɵ˿߬·ҶһСı˿쬵ĺ󱳡
沽ɿ죬Ҳ˵ֱֹӳ嵽Źϡ
ζܿһȻ·Ѿ˺һڣ¶Լ/£ֻбһ㡣
Ҫû浲סʱط͵ñ¶ǰˣҲᣬڶ࣬Լʲôˡ
ɫף·ôô㷴Ӧ졣
ǿЦЦ˵·ҿ
šζܿͷҪ£Ȼò˼ȳȥԼһʱ¡
µ··һ˺ѵĵطʮ룬Լѿģ˺ѵĵط˺ѵġ
´򿪷ţʵô£·ҴӼǺúõѽ
򴽣ù·˿һʵ˭Ӵ
ζܿ棺㣬ˣܲɣ
û˵
ζܿЩ̫õĲ²⣺ɣôСҺαأ
泶˳ǣ˵֪ȥʣȴţúϢһ£Ҳˡ
áζܿҲЦһ£ûټƽϡ
ҪĶ磬Ҳǰ¡
ΪⲻԼӣҪĶ֣Ҳ˵ô룬ԼҲ²֣Ժ⺢ӸԼ޷Լ
Ҷ˿ôСӣ꣬ǸʱĺӸ׶԰ܶûУȻõ·
һû
ζܿЩ䣬ĬĬԼּ˼·ƿŴȥԺһӵıޡ
ɫ΢䣬Ϊӵִ˵˼룬ĹǲܴӣŴ³ТӣִĲǻų򣬺ӻҪѧ
ζܿҲúܿ࣬͸Ͻȥ
ǰԺͣԺǴӵģһȥͼԺҴڣһӣɫڣվס
Ҳ󱦼ţǲӭӡ
޵СܲѾһ£۴ޡ
һԱۿŽ㱻ְ׷ģſģζܿĵģһȥ󱦱ڻ˱ˣ
ɫһ˲ͣ½ŲεעĳģʲôҲǴˡ
Ҳǻһ£µҴˣңءְ֣
򲻴򡣡ζܿ棬˵֮ǰҲ˵İɣ𣿺ӲǴ򣬻򱿵ģǺú˵
ҪζܿѾǰĹӡ
˿ᵨӿԼŮζܿҲЩҲû˵ʲô
ԼҵĺӣҲۣҪʵ̫Ҳӡ
ӳôʹΣȫʱ¡
ζܿԼģһЦ˵󱦣ȥԷɣ˶ˣһûأʲôҸ
򴽵ͷû˵첽ҪԼ
ҲҪ
Ͻ˵۽ëϻᡣ
áζܿһӦ£ʴ󱦣أҪҪ
󱦿ܵܣ;ø߸ߵģûΣУ˵ֱ뿪
æǳ⣬ȴܲˣֻǸĿζܿǸӱҳ軵ˡ
û£иԡζܿ⡣
á̾ϢһǸĿҶԲס㣬ԺܣҪҪԣֻҪ£²ָ˵ҲãҪίԼ
ζܿͷһůί
*
ҽ֡
ʱӶûʲôϲ£˸֣ټֱʣǺܶ࣬Ƕȥˣ˲ٶȥ
ûȥͷĶʱڵӾ͸ǣҺӳԡ
ллӡӹһϺɫϲ֣˵ļҰϲѽ
ӳһ£뵽֮ǰ˵ûʲôرķӦ˵ңμҴǺӽˡ
Ȼѽ
ǰϯˣֵͦģҸȥ˸֡ӵͷɫҲȻ̲࣬ס˵һĴֱʣĽɵ˵ʮƲϵ˵
û޹ȥǶԵģӣȥԾϯ˵˶ٴ򣬺۸˺裬涯֣ǹһȥȰ䣬ͣˣѵӣô׾ͷŹӰˣѵ
ЦЦνͦõġ
˵ССﻹῪԺţ۰Ͱ͵ĿĿĺһ㣡
Цݣ
ӼҲЦˣ⺢ϲѹϲüˣզͻȥ
ѽͻȥ𣿡Ȼ˵ճš
쾪һ£Ҳ׼ֵø˵һ£Ҫӿ鷳֡
ġף𣬽ˡ
С󣬵ȳͣ£Ͱæжճ¨в֮ۡġ
֮⻹һ̡
ȻǸӳġ
СǱĺӣĸ˭֪СһҺûãʱȥһĵүүûãүүҲȥˡ
ʱٴαһүүүүǼģ޶Ů˾Ϊϧ꣬үүҲȥˡ
Сĸȡģ˵ʱС꣬ʱžͿĺӣĸ
ûѧȻҲûлڡ
ҪǱȽס
ֻ⼸С˺ܶƯ·ͷ֮ǰǿݻƵĵӣֱɹͷִһƯñӣǸСͷݵҲ⣬ſɿɰġ
Сʲôʱģһ䡣
ߵĶ磬һ˯ᣬСһ㶼ûѡ
Сæ˵ѣ˯˺ܾá
һϣ˯Ҳ˯˯˯ڶ͸ûС˯һӣӶ˯ܳߣϰ˲ܶ˯һ
Դ佱Ӷû
һ㡣С겻˼ЦЦӡ
ָоãгԵģҲûô־ˣһ
Ҳˣû첻ʱ˼ͷӣûһ¡
ȹͷһα࣬ҲȺģҧһҧ޻һͷһӾͱˡ
ˣǣŻڱ̣ȥӲȥһˡ
ȻΪӳһʮ/СҪһСŮֻúܻƣ
Ҫүү֪ˣҪַ죡
СС/죬·㣬Ҫɣ֮ǰүүңҲûϻڡ
ҡҡͷסС꣬ӳѾˣҰֵĻںүүѾֿҰûˣǸܲͷϡ
⺢ӣӳüͬ⻰
ֻǿǲΪģǵͷɣµҪȥһ㱨ǸʱҾ͸һ£֮ǰ뷴ڶԡ
áֱӵͷ
ڱһûʲôãԭְֵǮҲȡˣͷŴӳҲһ
Сĵȴȴһһˮ⣬ҿޣүү˵޻޵ģĵҪЦ
뵽⣬СŬЦݣг֣źſġ
״ˣԺö
Сͷ˲᣺ţ
ȥС꣬ǸԼҲܵŮԼǵãСꡣ
Сѣһֱ߱ıС
Сվֱ㣡
չգǱ˭Ȼصң𣿡
ԣСͷ
ڶ˵һлֵ֧̬ȣ˵ܣ׼
ڿʼһ¡
Сɱһܳȥ
ñӶһһģʱҲ£һ׵ĵط
ӳԼҲҲͼӵ£һǰһ˼ſڣС˷ܵˣ㣬ȵҵģ
ɷнµĵͷԣˣһ
ţСգۣԵĿ
һЦݣ֮ǰûע¨óһոµ˫米
С꾪ϲĿţһʱȥá
⼸̫Ҹˣ컹ŽȥϻڣܳɲɣúÿģھõЩš
Ϊʲôõ¶⼸һ֣
ͷϣһ´С˵ԣ·Ҫȥѧˣȸ׼ţѧ֮ǰȽϿΡ
ãСѧ˷ˣǹ˼һСֱ˵Ӧº󣬾ﲻ˵ˡ
رС̹Ա߱ıԴˣӡĽлǱԼ
һ
*
ڶż
һţȥһϣű¨ĺεɫ㱡
æֲ£ʱһũеʱҲ࣬ż˽ˣҲڼϢ
쿴ӻüͷ𣺡ôˣûꣿ
εɫˡ
±¨¨տҲһ˿ζ
Ƶ⸱ӣ
ε̲ס̲סԹǻǽģ˵ĶܺóԣҲ٣ΪʲôǾͲϲأ
һĶȻܱȲģ¶ǼζҲǶ̵࣬ģЩ̤̤ģûﲻˣôȥ
һʼ̰ģ˺Ͷһļ۸
мֻǾ⼸ˡ
һĶʣһ룬Ϊ˲ֻȥҧۣƫƫֻһ֣͸һһļ۸ˡ
Ҳࡣ
󶼿쵽磬һȣŻֽһǿȥˡ
ڶһʼļȥһֱ쵽罵˲Ը
εао˸˿ζΪһ㣬˭֪ۣ⻹һ㶼ȥ
ԽԽ١
쵽綼첻ˣû취ֻٴνۣ֮ǰø͡
ˣɻȥ·ϣεԽԽԣһ·Լ˶ٶ׬˶Ǯ
һһ
̶ʱ䶼˿ʮǮ
ۡǰǡѧŶģѸɡ֮Լ˳ԣĸӳԣټϽȥģ벻ûУˣ
ܵˣ
˻·ϣεͿʼˡ
ҲЩͷۣҲ⣬ֻ˵ˣǲϣҲզأ׸Ĳ̫һҲ˼Ҳ򡣡
είѹҪοģ˶Ļˣ޺޵̧ͷôˣҶ˶ʮķôͱȲһСѾͷƬӣ˵զ˵һô
֮ǰ£ΣԸٸ֣Ҿ㣬ȥԺ͸ģ
εĵҡͷողһ˵ʱͷȴҲðһ뷨ΪζԼ˵һôֻ˵׬Ǯһͷȥ˺üǮ˷ôʱ䣬üûϹˣ
͵૵ԣҾȥʣ˵ָһ⣬ﲻ˵


74  74 
ε˵˾ͳȥ
춼ûס
, £ϾĶɶˣ, м⡢̶, һ, ϶Ӱ⡣
˵ǺôһˣȻ֮ǰĲص, ɶһСԺȢʲôĿ϶ǣҪ˵Ҳҡ
εҲЩħˡ
Ǯ, ˣ֮ǰմְһǮͷɿ, ǰ󲻹ͱԭΣһʱܲˡ
ͶŴԼȣиɾ, Ϊһĸףĸ, ڶ쿴ﻹŮ, պܸȢϱ
ΪģŮҪҸ£ŮĲȢϱԺŮֱͦ
Ȼ˵ú, ͷȴ, ϴܸһٿ, ҲǴӶһǧԭɡ
ʱǮҪȥһ, ͷٴսܲǮͲġ
Ŷ⣬żҲĽŴʹˣͼȺӣ˫˫û쵨Сųһ
εҪ׬ǮֻԼڡ
Ҳ֪Լ֮ǰĲصȻԾûɵûٵһֱϵڣоԼٲʲôҪȥһʱ£ˡ
Ժӿڣεһ£Ų顣
ԺﳤһС̹ʲôĿһ򣬾ܵԺӿڣͺ
һ·úεͷĸ񣬶ߵ˻ȥҲû˼󲽽
ȥͼεһĹ
ûСֱ߽İСһ£ֲ⣬Լ£۰Ͱ͵ǰдżֺã˵һ£⼦ôĳ𣿡
С꣬ȻݣЦźε˵ЦˣĸҪǸ˵ˣǲû𣿡
εɫ΢䣬Ĭһ£Ц֪ҲΪˣҲȲѣұ֤Բ˵Ŭ֤ȴЦݶûһ£֪үү˵úøҪҪȢϱҲæȷʵûǮˣҲ⣬Զһ͸˵һ°ɣ
ֱأֱ˸£ĿżģʣôˣҲȥѽˣ
εڨЦ˵©ˣ֮ǰԼʱܿҲֻʵϣСǿˣղãҶϲͰңԺһúö㣬ǵһ˶Բ
ЦݹɣȻһ֣Ǯ֮ǰЩӣһٿûȻǾʮôʮҾ͸˵
ʮε𾪣Щɬ·˼ܾĿܣҲҪǮʮǮĵߡ
ʮ
屶
ʮǮʱٶ֪ܲ
һʹǮһǧܴﵽ⻹ûر
ð
˵ⶼѾģ³ˣȻζȲģǼֵǴ󽵵ˣ
ٴεͷ϶ԣʮѾҿϴˣɲˡ
εȻܸɫѿǵ׻һˣôݣպȷûõǼҵĵط
ֵòУ˵Цˣ֮ǰǶһˣ㶼治ɫҲǮһܸۣҾĺܺˣٱĺǧ򱶣أ
˵ؿ·ֱӿ͸ġ
εһǱ߳ŭ˫۾£ȴһƢ
ֵĸо
ģƺǶϣģ
ֻͷһûбεץסڸǲȻŬǿӲͲ˵ôʲô
ҧ뿪Ѹ롣
һЩεƺҪһ㣬ҲԼäĿţȻѡǸһĶ
ż⼸Ŀǰһ壬ֻҪиȱڣˣ嶼ù
ȻʱģԸ񣬾εĴҲ顣
ʱһһе³ǲ뿴ģ̶ȣ
&
εͿڳŵӡ
ӿεɫҲŹ֣˹֣ôˣҰ
ε򴽣Ҳشֱӻȥ
Ūһͷˮ
εֻû˵ʲôصˣ˿֪˵ȥ֮ǰ˵Ź֣ɵɵ
εŶ졣
ֱģæȻ첻ɵӣŵɶ
εһֳȥˣǲɵҲʲ뵽ոտĺӣ֮ǰȥ˵Ѿͷƺһӣûϡ
룬ǺϴĴģɶһﺢӶҪÿǮĪǶ⺢ˣԷҪҪǮ
޹ʣһӣⲻǮյû
ȥ˫˫ǣ˵һզ˵˸ӣ֪˭ģۼĸݵĺӹסô˵һҪסǣ
˫˫Ƶûаʲôӣ
һӣСﴩĿɺÿˣ˵ʱã·²ǰģεǣ⺢ӣʹִţôӲǸôá
˫˫ͷЩżˣȻǮ˶ôܲţǼǹŵģǸԼ˵һİСӣˣסڼҲ
ءε
˫˫ҪȥҸýֻ˫˫ˣתȥŴһ
Ҳһ̬ȣŶ˸İ˵ĺӣľϸżˡ
εԶ׺ںͷЦݣżֿϷɫ
˲ʹ죬͸һȥ
ô죿
һӣҪϻڱĴ£ôҲһ֡
һ˽Ժӣ˫˫
ûԺܳһСƯ׾黨Сȹһ˫һĺɫЬӣƤЬҲҪüǮһ˫
ôһ۾ˣ˫˫ȲָŮ⺢ô£
С걻һϽӵض
סϣЩɻ󣺡ĺӣãʲô£
Ŵɫ壺㽫ǮҪȥҪӣźԺôˣǲɵ
ǰѺӻȥ˫˫żǸǮΪӣҪǮͻңø绹ҪȢϱǮҲ
СûпӲ󣬶ˣһԷɫãͲҿڣһ˫ֽץ·
ԴȵһȥȻϣɫ䵭ǲˣǷּˣԺǻûϵǶҲǳһǮģҲܲͷϡ
ŴɫҲҿ汻ֹ߻ˣҸò˵ڻе˵СǮңҸ㱣ţˡ
ûתȥһɨѣ˸ǰɫȻȥҲǶ˵ҵҲٹܣڸҳȥ
Ŵ̬òУߣӾҪ֣ҿûûСˣ
飡Ŷ֣һɨѹӴֱϣһ
Ŵʹɫ䣬Ͻˡ
ûɨѲ֣ͣ˴ȥ

⺢ӷ˲ɣ
ŴǱ㣬첲ȴۣɨֻܼܽڽںˣǲˣ
ȥӶţֻһĸˣǵù
Ȼүү̣ʱͶԭǵĵһӣڻʮ꣬ũȻЩȽŻġ
֣Ŵ˫˫ֻ˳Ժӣˣûʲôˡ
˫˫һĮȫû֮ǰŮ඼۵ֱĿںӴɥİѾͷүү̶򰡡
ᶼ֣˫˫ø𾢶
ŴŭڵվǣҲô뿪
ȴû֮ǰĹֱӹԺţת뿪·Ժⲻи
⣬Сȴµÿˣߣܹŵ㣬ô죿㣡
ô⣬Ķ䣬˵ˣˣ
С꣺
Ժպϣ


75  75 
û˽еıٺҲֲȥ
Ŷһֱϰָɣ˫˫, ûˡ
˼Ҷںʲôã
οŮʲôʮ˴˼ʮ˴Ƕż˰
֮, ˫˫ԽԽС, ͶŴһۣٿȫŵŮ, ĬĬתȥ
һֱڸŶĺεĬȻĿŹսһ㽵ͣ, Ҳһơ
ȫûԶʲô˺
ͷȴֲҶ˵ʲô, ֻһص޺޵Ĵ
ô, ԼȴȻ෴һԱȣ͸ġ
һ, εҲ֪ˣûط, ˳ʳ, ˵ûǸ츳
ɾôҲԸ⡣
Ȼεһ
Ȼ, Ҳ֪Ϣ, Ϻü·, ǴǱ߽, Ǳ߻ر, Ҫ
εһֵÿ϶, жرǿ
Ϊ˿ʮ, жǿ࣬ʼĥ
Ǳôȥ
Ҫ֪ĵַģ֮ǻƱǮ֮ǽǮⶼһСĿ
ѾԼȫż˵ĺεһӦҶֻǲſɷˣĻͱȥˣѡҹš
СҵǮڹܣȻ࣬ƱҲǿԵġ
ҪҲٿ顣
ϴһĸҪù֧һ£ǵһ˾ûˡ
ֻǵε²ȥŴʱõĴǣǲ룬ǮҺϵģͲˣģʱӽ飬ǿ϶һģϹڡ
εʱͬһˮһеĳ붼
ǲģڶݳ󣬺εҵֵܡ
һεһļϡ
˫úɺεȥܽΪ˸Ǹ·ģɹ׵ַҴƱǰŸԵȫϣ
æŸǮǲ⡣
˺ӺܷǮǺӳúܺÿǷǮҪӴøƯ
ڣС·ǲǲѽ
ǾһǮԶԶ
ԭֻǴǮ˳һȫʱ㹻ʲôʱܹϲӡ
ڻһӳԽ
ûϿӣ̫鷳ˣ˹ʱͻٺܶ࣬ʱҲòܺõչˡ
һ˼ٴУи⣬
ʲô⣿Ӵͷʡ
ó֡춹ճ⡢Ƥ±̵±ȼϹĶЩṩԭϡۣҸ߷֣Σ
Ӵ򿪣һȴζ˱Ƕ
ʳĪڵֺͱƤ±ˡ
ͷ۾һЦⶼģ
ԡͷζ
ͷȴû֣ǽԺţϴһƣô
Ĵ඼ˣȻģһģһ棬һ㱻гС鰤Ʒ˶ˣó԰
ģ
󲻹Ҫת϶׬٣
ͷһЦ°ͣʾǿһԵŮ
˱۰ͰͿ
ǳЦģǺоΣ𣿡
ˣУ
ǻش꣬վκôֳɣȫûгɡ
ԽԣеڵûǰˣöȻҪܷ档
ζ㹻ãϳԲһɶ˳ԣյȴࡣ
̸ܿˣҪҪҲ࣬ʳԭ϶ɣֻ
һи㶨ٲÿˡ
ԭɺÿ͹ͬʱĸóȥ
Ĺʳࡣ
ÿҵĳɢŸֺŵζżڵŵ̲סͣ᲻뿪
شСӼҳҲһԼҲ޵С
*
ĵڶ죬ǰͻȡ˾ʹǮΪǵһ죬Ĳ࣬׬ͷȥɱѾǮ˵۵·Ҳ
⣬ԷҲ⡣
˫˸ڶͬһʱá
ûǰҹ֮ǰãܱ֤ʳʵ״̬
죬յǮֱӷҶԷʾһ㣬öϲ򣬵ûˡ
ڰ֣̫Ҳۣˣ´ǹСմġ
ԷҪźһ⻰ƷϲЦտ
ˣǣСط˯
찾ҹúϢСҹèӡ
СڴϣߵŮӣۣ㣬ҿԸһ~
ԴСӾҪúõ棬ȥʹСôǻûԹ⣿
С򴽣û˵
С/۵ģָмãЦ˵𣿡
С걻ַ࣬£˼׬Ǯ࣬ţǡ
ۣ
ǸСزū
һǣԼżԵ㣬СԵ㣬˵СͲԣǶûô٣Ҫôһ䣬֪⺢ԡ
ҲǿãͿָȥ档
СЩܣ棡Ū·ġ
Ȼ⺢ӹǿϲϴ·
Сÿζ񣬿̫СˣĺļҲι޹ɨɨأӣϴ·ǲеġ
ΣЩжϲǿӣȻԸͲԸ⣬ƽʱ˵ʲôһ˵Ͳ
ԭÿϲ
룬˵԰Ҹɻ󣬵ÿ壬˲źá
ҿԣСż˵
ǺãԺÿŴܣܵûٻ
ţ
СͷһȻ۾˯
Сûôෳ£һ˯ˡ
ЩԴȷʵͦģ衯ͦѣҪ׬ǮҪһͣСµȵȣʱұķҪûкʵѡԼԷչԼղꡣ
ҪҸϹɣչ˼չԼҲ󣬻ܰæɻ
Էͺã
оԼ뷨ܺãڶʱ΢͸¶һԼҸŮ뷨
붮˼ؿڱ֤һҸõģ
Ȼ첻ʵҲǿһ㣬Լȫ˶֪ҪҸŮ׷졣
˷ֳ࣬һ˵ԼиСܲŮЩѣҪôߣһȰ˵Ůã۸֮ġ
ǶŴ˫˫ŮҪңǰæܣ֪֪ס
Դͳһش𣺡ҾҪŮⷿû˼̳أ
˻һȰ˵˵㡣
ʵϳʱѾе㱾ˣټѶ࣬ķҲܲҪ̳һ£Ȼ̫ϧˡ
˵꣬ҪܶҲˣ˵һ׼𰸣һҪϵĺÿģû̸ģеĻġ
üһҪɾ˴ˡ
µĲ࣬ҲУ̳µһ븧¿ɲ֪ٿǮټǰ׬ǮũһʲСĿҪܽףԼҲմմ⡣
Сܹɣ˽Ҳ֤ҵɷ϶ϲģϲͻ
ⷬ۵ʱСﶼŵˣû˵鲻⻹㻻ģͰ͵ıʾû
£Ҳ˳չһס
Ȼһ׽ôԷǴȰ뷨ģȻֵĸ𣬿Ǯһ죬ӣԺô죿ҾûȢá
ֱӵҪŮеˣз׬Ǯչ˼ͥ͹ˣ𣿡
׶󣺡
һȻʧܣԷ߷ߵ뿪СһۣСŬοûµģ㳤úÿ϶иϲġ
ллõİοԴ̾ϢһˣҲܰһˣЬСˣ˫Ьٻȥ
һɣҳÿ죬ЬӴһܶഩһ󡣡Сܶµ˵ʲôãǻǮִŵģۡ
áӦˣǣϵ̵ȥ
һȥһС΢ϤĿǻء˵ҪȹӵģҾҪ
ѰȥȻˡ
ζܿţָһɫĹȹԸߣ޵ö쵹ڵˣ
Ƿ˿ȹӣϴʱǺЩʱˣЩʮǮһ֪û򣬻̳кܶ࣬һֱС
ʮǮһһµĹʡ
⺢ҪҲǺġ
ŵζܿᣬŵһֽǮɫ壬Ŭ˵ȹӣ̫ˣǼ
ȴƭˣҰְǾˣÿ¼ʮǮʣģ
ζܿְѾǾˣڼֵأ
ǰҲаôǮǲ㲻Ը򣿺ȻСͱ˼
ζܿЩˣԼ᲻ó᲻ôΪŮĴ󱦣ϣŮӶСȹ˺üƤЬ˫
ƽʱҪ˼Ƥģۿӵʱ䣬Զðۡ
ɾȴܴ󱦵ָ
ƢõζܿЩҪ𣬿ȴףⲻԼĺӣܴ
ҧת뿴
һתͿǣһ/۾С￴ߵĶζܿһȣʶ˸кҲ·ѽ
֮Ĺϵ˵£ͬζܿҲ˵¡
֪һӡ
˵ѼҵŹ£ѾǼһڣʱүү̻˵ģֱӱϳ
˿һƢҲŮ
ͦõģҲò̾һ䣬ǸŮˡ
ζܿԼδŮ磬Щ߰غ˼ѹȵˡ
ЦŵͷЬӡ
ȴȻˣָߵ裬Ȼ˵ǻˣȻȥҪְ˵
ǿǿζܿæ˵εĳŴ󱦣˵
󱦲Ų˵Ϊģǻˣ۸ԼˣȻ˴кϵǺ϶ˡ
ߣոСѡ˫ЬӣСԼѡеĺɫͨЬͺãԿ
áǿԴʱһ䣺ô
СĵͷۻԱ˵Ҫġ
һ͹ˡѵѡ
û£ҵЬӡС
ۻԱһԿŶ̲סĸЦĽҺӿ涮£ҼҺѡһ룬˵󣬲Ҫ
ǰܶ¡ЦЦԼոտеЬӣҲôһ룬ֱװɡ
áۻԱȥû
С꿴ţȴִżֿƲסЦ⣺㣡Ҫô˷ѣҲþûЬˡ
ȻŶҲһ˫ɡ
׬Ǯˣͷٴˣľ͸Լһ˫ƯƤЬ
ʱĹնܺã˵е·ʮ궼ӣЬҲܴü꣬Ҳۡ
ҲˣСųЦ
˶ܹϣˣŴǣ־Ҫš
ߵʱſԼĸŮǼȹᡣ
ڵζܿǵıӰ¶ԵĽ
ЬӺ͹ȹչʾĵطòԶոۻԱ˵ĻζܿҲˣͬģСô£²ô£ֻҪö˻ͺá
ȻʵֱӰ
Ŷ⻹ֹһ

ĿʼڣҪѵֲ֣Ѿǲģǲˣ
ʧ
ɲѵԼÿӵͿʼţ񵱳Լһ
Ҳľȷġ
ֻ뵽棬ζַܿˣһõһõϹ
ҺҲǲŤתģͱ֮ǰҪ׽ܶ࣬󱦶ȻڣȴҲûʲôˡ
ƽʱദͦгģǴ̫ࡣ
˼ҵĴĸӴܣ̶Ϊĸ⣬ȥǡ
Һá
ζܿѾˣȾ¾ͽȥѧֻС£ʱͺöԸܶˣ


76  76 
ζܿĿ, ⡣
ǸӵˣԭһСӳԱյ, , úҡ
û˵Ĵǰ;ȷʵһʱȽ׾ݵӡ
ȻӺͺദ, ҲܷȥƴڻԶԶ, 󱦶ζܿųԣȻô, ҲǸŽһӴţҲЩˡ
ǲ뿪ҵ, ܸΣĳᡣ
һ, ԴҲƽʱֵԼ͵͵ȥɽϴһҰζȥ
г˺ܶ࣬Ұζٸ֮ǰǰ, Ҳ, ۸Ȼήͺܶࡣ
ϣһ׾һ, ֮ǰʲôʲôʱ
һӶԭѵͬһ, Щ, ûС
ζܿȻЩϰ, , Ҳ, Ȼ󱦴ܲ뿪, ûʱͶǻħЩ
̵߳ʱζܿЩ˵ˣǮùˣ
ǵİְ֡
⻰󱦹Ȼˡ
µһҺǵȻίԼˣ̯ĺӣ¶ԷٿҲ˼
ΪСܹɣ۰һ㡣
*
׽üûеڶףΪһ׶ȥ󣬽̸ϵһ˵ֻĿɿڴ˵ˣҲͣ
ˣȻ˵ҪˣϵзְŶ̾
˵⻰˵ʲô
˼б£
ӹЦ˵Ǹĺӣ㿴ûԸ׸ģٸǰһң˫⡣
ִ󷽣ھҲΪչˣƽʱʲôóԵĶ͹æܱߵĵļôҲʵʵڵġ
һʼСˣҵĻЩ꣬һģֻܻˡ
ûǸãһˣѿ϶ٲˡ
֪ˣӰڰ֣룬мԸ׸Ƕඪ˰ҶӶġ
ʮŮ˶ϲýţкôۿԼϵһŮͺҲˡ
εĲɣ˾ͺܱ߻ཻļҶӶģȥ˵˼ҡ
Ӵ˼ǹʮ꣬ҲƯ֣зӣְ֮ǰǹˣǮ׸Ҳû£˼ûʱ򻹲Сڹӣ
ģǹƢҲãֻһŮԲ뿪ҡ
˵׵ĻΧͷһ⣬߰ʮҲûʲô֣Ǹ˽ҵİԣһӣͬӵˣʵ඼ʶ
˵˶żҴиŮŮҪ׸ͦõģ˷׷ۡ
ܿżҲ֪ˡ
ԭΪֻһ䣬û뵽˼ҶҪżүүһʱӡ
Ѿͷ˵Ҫ׸Ժ˫˫ĵĲš
۳̫󣬾׸һ㶼Ůĸб£Ҳ̫
ĸ˫˵Ҫз׬Ǯ
̫뾭ѵˣ
뾭ѵ»
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Ŵһţǿụּ̂Ҷˣ˵
ǸŰˣŮǻ٣ŮԴǣҲֱðˣ˸ɻŮ쾭壬׸Ҳ̫
ھԼб£׬ǮŶԷԣܱ֤Ժ׬Ǯ
Īǻǰæ
ûϢҪʲôã
˫˫˵ôϣԼŮ
ŴɫɰţԼ뷨
һЦżζ˵ɱ˵ôȻ˵Ļ϶Լбµģ˵⣬ĻһңÿζûĺӴ˳ȥ׬˲١
˭ּ֪ˣЩҲͼǮŴԴǣ廧׬ö࣬˸ɵǼֲȱǮֵĸҪһ룬ǵüƽǮ
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˫˫Ȼ˵ʱͶҲǻµģֻ˳ٽѾû˻׷ѡ
Ұɣ˵ĸùü˵ðæӴˣҲܰʲôԼȥæˡ
ǿģԼҵĹûء˵һ䣬Ҳû롣
ȻߵſڣһɲСŹ죬ϱˣ
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첻˵ŴЦСӳ
ӳɨһۣ˵ʣ֪ҲԼɡ
һŽԷͨãxxֵ֡
Ǿ죬Ǳߵģ
ŴŵһڵϣţҲòȥ
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绰õͨ˵ףεоȥ˼ٿǮĻ׼ߡ
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⻰һֻ֫䷢ˡ
εͱ¨ӿɲͶѣҪǽ˱˴ѵǮ
ӳһţôûϢȴԼ£ɵμҸһõһһ˵ܽǮҴһգͲˣܱ涪ã
Ŵû̴ӳ˵ס
ǮεˣûˣҪվ͵ԼǮҲôٿǮ
ǻѾͷ˼û
ȻŴ۾һ۴ӳû˵ȴŶӳȥҺμ
*
һһ磬Ϲʱ䶼ˡ
Ҷ½ͷöԵǮټϽǮŽ١
Ƕൽ޷ܣֻҪǮҲȥҲⲻ١
̯ʱȻãǶԷΣɺεǺμҳˣǱǺμҵġ
ڶŴǿӲ̬£׺μҶӸҪμԸе߳ɣʣµľɶżҳе
ˣһȥƱƱǮһ˾ʮ࣬Ҫǽεӻֵûʮ࣬һûˡ
ǮǶŴģƱҶͷɥͬһ·ֿŴȴûһʱԼңߵķӡ
ǸɶЩųⲻԸȥ
Ŵ޺޵ûϢĶûֶŮãⷣǮѲӸǿ㸸ĸϵǮ˼ȥҰ裬϶׬˲٣ȻǮͰæֹʡ
˫˫Ѹٸŵͷԣ˵öԣ
ҪԼӣҧҧҲͳˣǶϱǮòģǷȥǮˡ
ʱ죬û˼
Ŵɲô֣࣬ҲԼŮһˣ˼겻Ǯʲôˣ
ȻûɶãҲǻǮģɼ꣬Ҫܱţһƾ͹ˡ
ĺܺãӲԸ⣬ɴһѡ


77  77 
˾ʹļſڡ
û, Ĺǣ죺
ſдֵС̧ͷ˺üͷ΢, 㣡
ӳ, ﻹۣ, һ£үү̣, զˣ
塭¡Ǻû˵
Ŵɸ, ˵ȥнˣڻû, ԼҽԺ鵽ˣҪ, ȻҪиһ֮꣬ǰò, ɵһ, ڸɵҲҪ֣ȽٿǮ, Ȼɻæծɲ
˵ķǳţԼ˿ɱȱʲô׵˺, ȻԼɻ, ܹ껹, Ҳһ, ǲ
ĿɻȻ, üһ, ΪǿǮû뵽٣Ƕ಻
Цһ£ԭǡɻ󣺡ǲ֮ǰôҵģʲôһˣǿˣ
Ŵüͷ𣺡⺢ӣүү壬֮ǰòԣǳĿ£
˫˫͵ǰֲǮǽǮʵڲУǴɰ
ЦݣŴͷȴһ£Цݣ̫֮ǰҸõһˣ
Ȼһ˵İ
Ŵɫ䣬Ҫһ䣬ͼЦתΪ͵ó̰Ҳϵ£ҵȻĿͶѱؼ꣡
ҪǮ
Σ
ϵľʧʧĵͷ˳ףˡ
ʲô㣿ǮܳŴûǿӵָ֣ôôѪǴ£֮ǰǵС¼ǵڡ
ôǮһ䡣
Ŵɫͣҡ
᲻ãҳǮαЦ£תͷС֣꣬ǽҪȺˡ
ԺŶû
СߵߵĹСһǰһ˳Сš
̬ȹţôδֵĶŴ޼ˣϴǵ˰˱ùôǣһ˶ˣǮȥˡ
ţȴһЩ̼˿ˮĵζ
ŴţԽԽ󣬿ɾȴԽԽС㱻ˮǺ˺ü¡
˫˫֮ǰ־֤һжãʱŴҲԱ񣬸ϽȰˣ˭ܵסǻǻȥôɣ
۰Ͱ͵ǰҲǮҪȽҵ㣿
׳ϦദȻŴ˵ԼǮ٣ɴԪԼЩǵТǮһСһǧ
Ǯǲ̫࣬ɾԹεãԺҲԼϣȸҲһ
Ŵϣڰ֣ҺǮ٣ʣµԼȥϴôѣ㲻Ҳǽ㣬ԼĻԼʰ
쿴뿪ıӰ𾪵˼ŵѹ
*
Ŵҳµİڶζʱ䴫ӡ
ڵӻϢ˵һѡ
֪ˣκε»ܴΪͶûɹˣǮһղ˵ˡ
ŴûôǮҲСˣӶҪȢϱǮ˿֡
һݺ󣬶콫εӻˣȴһأ˭ҲʵʵڼˣҲûϢ
˼ôǮɻᱻģ
һΣεҲͣˣֻǼСн࣬˸ծۣΪǷһЩծ
μǷøࡣ
˵֮ǰǮ˵ǳµϢܹȥǻǮϻ֡
˵ε¶ŴԸæƤȥǮ֮ͺͶŴҲˣһΣġ
ЩûʲôӰ죬ϴ׹һݣ׺Ȼʼˡ
ʱ䶼һֱ賿и㶼ãʣµʱǿеġ
õСմֻ꣬СϲõȥҲǳܻӭСԡ
Ҳ˲١
ʵҲͦҪӲģϧҲۣһֱûӡ
˯Ȼ˵㣬׶磬ʱҲü
֮󼸴ףûɹȻ˻˼źӣչֳʵǺĶģ˼ϲʣͦҪġ
Ϊܾ̫Σܵ˶Ĩǵ˵ޡ
Ҳ̹Ȼϣǲġ
һЩȷʵ飬ˣѡס
Ҳô岻ʱȥףÿγŻȥһ٣Ĺ򣬲ܡ
СЩżˡ
ܾŴʧܣĻᱻһÿʧˣһٰο
ֱ׵ĵʮΣһꡣ
νպúζܿһӵģǸºͶꡣ
ʮ֮꣬ǰż⣬æڳﵱˣΪʮ㣬쵼תˡ
ʽǴ£ڰǰĸԸҪΪɣ͸罻˹
һʽˣСѧʦ
ȻʦںǸĹ֣߾꣬ǵĹ黹ûʲôãСѧʦһ¹ֻǮֻк١
˵һʼҲǲԸģĸƫϴۣм϶ȴ·һ鶼ûУڼ֣ţҲֻۣЭ
֮˫ͷּˣһ˳
ںӶļͥм䱻ԵĺӸһҲټԷԸ̤ʵϿңԸĸƫҲԹˣĿ࿴
Ⲣ˵ҪɸĸƫģֻǸҪĻԼƫģպȻҲҪƫŶԡ
һԸĸ̬ȡ
νһ㲻̸ܻ۴£ֻ֮ǰĹҲǸĸȡģҪǵʱֻǴ࣬ȥľǴˣҪȥҲ⣬ֻԺôҹϵҲ󡣡
⣬һ׺ǶԶԷ⣬˵ڶס
ڶĵø룬δļƻ
νܵĽˣ˾ȥ֤ˡ
һææµڳŬ׬ǮνҲиҡ
ɼ򵥵ûʲôӵļȢһԸʵҲ࣬򵥵˶ѡ
ŴŮҸʦͦ⣬ϲƵʱЦһϲƹ󣬵֪νѧУְˣֺˣҪָֻţֱӱ⡣
һƿڴ
νǵһμĿŵĶԳĺӣ𾪳ɣ̫ðɣ
Сһ˵ӱ˵Ŷ䡣
νȻʣʲô
СЦѽ
ν
͡Ц˹æɻµνͣˣԺҲãǶ˵ֻһ͡
νĿԹԵͷá
*
Ϲ˫ˣСܰæЧʴߣʱţ׬ǮҲԽԽ࣬ˡ
νȷʵǸõѡճ»ʶֿвҸСһǸزūƽʱܲѾͲѣʡ
ʡǶԼģͷǮżҪʲôҪǮڣСǮ
İæֻҪר׬Ǯͺá
ۿŴһյӣȵҲȥˡСҪСѧˡ
С꣬Ƚ϶࣬ҲͬĺӸӳ춮һ㣬ѧϰһͨ
ҪСѧˣһ㶼£ԾԾԣҪԼɼô
νһǰСȥˣһգִһȥѧУ
ѧУڼλõм䣬ЩƫҰĵطü׶û̡
·ҪСʱﳵʱ̣һڳȥҲﳵ
߳ţӾͳɤӵӴһҪȥѽ
⼸£СѾϤˣѧһ죬˷ܣټش𣺡ȥѧģ
ѽҶˣѧӡЦ̾Ŀ˭ģ
ǽ㣡Сǣıģ޷侲ĺú·
Ҫúö飬ѧ㡣
ģСͷ
ӣˡν˵һ
ȥȥɡӰڰ֡
˼ߣһ·ٴˣΪ磬պҲǴҳŸɻӡ
Ĵ󲿷˶Ҫ˵䡣
ƯƯȹӣٵɫӺƤЬСӵеģǴСûйġ
ǳﺢӶûģ
߳ӣոմͷĽˣһӱ˸ָ̾СǵˣⲻµĺţñȳﺢӻҪߡ
Ҳǲµģ˷ǮһûѪԵĺӣɵ
ֲǲ֪⺢ע˵Ĳ
˵ν⺢ҲʵһǾ䣬׬ǮǺϻ٣ԼϿ϶ࡣ
⵹Ҳǣ˼ҿɻ׬Ǯˡ
Щû⣬мʣ˼ҹԼӣүү̵ܣЩͬˡ
ԴҶ˵ʲôֻʼʱǸ̾һӡ
̾̾ţͷ˼ǮòƵġ
һ䣬˵һ⣺ĺҲҪȥѧˣ
ǰŮҲ͹ȥˣڵĺӶá
һҵĴŮ֮ǰ̵ŵȹӳҫ˵ǽѧᴩڹŮզôֵǮˣ
˰ɣ˼Ǻ裬òúÿ㣬ǹŮԺҪ޳ȥģԼĺӾͲˡ
*
۵̣ȷʵǴ̵ķɫȹźƯӣһС㣬͵ܵһ𱻺ȥѧ
һ·˾̾Ŀ⿴˶Ʈġ
ȹӿɹˣʮǮ
Ҳ֪ܹ󣬵ʱҪִ˹Ѻ˼ֵֺҲûһֱȡ
Ϊ֪µҪȥѧˣҪѧʱ򴩡
ʱѧУÿ
ζܿɫЩƣǴһʱ嶯ɿˣ໨ʮһȹӣҪ
һһԵģȻǮûд󱦵·󣬿Ҳ١
Ͳˣһ¾͸Խټ⼸СǶ£ʰ̯ӣȷʵ۵ˣ̶̼£·һӴӴżСһļͥŮ
Ժӻģܴÿͷɼ󱦴ƯƯ˿˾͸Ŀȸһ߸ͷҲ̲סЦˣ˵ˣͷˣú·Сˤ·ˤˡ
˵󱦲һʯͷһ¡
ζܿϽǰţҲûôˣĹ˦֣ſҪܰҪҪǣҾ͸ְһﳵˣᣡ
ζܿɫ΢û˵
ζܿԽûкɫˣŶߣ߿㣬˦ں档
ãӸӳȣҲСӣһ˵ͷ
ǣ
ζܿζĿǣҲӿ첽
ǵԼΪǰȥŤĶԷҪŲﳵͺӡ
ôгӣֻ·
ʱѾʹ󱦶˵ɣôӾͲأ
˵˦ζܿһˣһѧУġ
߽ȥʱֻһ꼶߰ĺӻУ԰һȺҳΪջһ̾
˭֪ӭһð׾ƯЦеСŮŲǹȹȴ·ĹȹӺÿȹӣŰɫӣɫƤЬɰ
ƤһԱȣһڣһף༫Ϊԡ
Ǵ󱦾Լ·ܺÿܹҲڿԷɲǼЩԲЦݣŶԷ
һͷЩ졣
ʱһϤӰ߹ǣСŮ֡
ɴŶǸǰ裡
Ҳͷţ
򴽣ζܿŹȥŶӣպ˫Ǹڶ飬òԶøΪС
ǵŮСѵֱһϳӾϴκǸСŮ
ҲǴ̵Ů
û뵽Ȼĺһģôÿһ㿴֮ǰСؤӡ
ģɬ͸ְֺζܿһû뵽ôСôã
ǵζܿģˣ


78  78 
ʱѧУѧǺܶ, ǴϵһЩСѧŮӸ֮٣˶÷ְ, һ༶ʮ, ⼸ӵ亢ӡ
νСȥѧУ˾̵ķأôʲôֱӾ͹ˣҴգҲ٣õġ
Щʧ䡣
׳Ϧദ˺ü, Сָɶ, ճ˵ʱճ, ճ˵ʱͰæ¡
ͻȻûôһеСŮ, ʮֲӦȥҲ̫ɻ
νȽϵ, ףȥϢ, ɾͺá
һ˳𣿡Щ, , ζͲԡ
νڰ֣ҶôãܲУȥȥ
ȥϢˡ
磬ҶȥϹˣﰲ, ԺﹷƺҲ֪Ϣ, л
˯˸þ
׷Ͳζ, ǵʧѾû, Ȥĸν죺˵С᲻رĺӣȻ
⻰ɲǰ˵ģС֮ͿʼΣνˣҲϿΡ
СѾͱĺӲһ
ʱҲûʲôƣҪʦǶĽѧһּĿ϶
ǱˡνЦͺͶ꼶ĺӲ̫ںӶ߰ȥѧꡣ
Դεðɣ̫ˣܾѾʮˡ
˼ҵĺ統ңСǱ˼ҺӻҪӵӶҲӴ
ΪĹ˯Ҳ޷ģɵù˾ЩΡ
ȥѧѧϰҲûôʱ붫ѧϰҲȽʡ
ݵƽĶԴСѧ¡
磬СıĻ󲿷ּҳһڳԷʱѯʣѧУô
ɺˣвٳϲڲٳ棬и꼶ĽˣСЦݣж·࣬͸¶һɴǰûеĻá
˿佱϶Сرϲûнѣ
С걻Щ̫˼ɬЦЦţ/۵ָһ꼶Ľ㣬һͬ
ţʱʱӦСӿġ
ѧһûҵС껹֣һֱżЦ⡣
ΪˣСûк˯˯ǰȥСķ飬˯
ҪһƪССĹ½˯š
տڼ仰ǳǳˣ죬һ˯죬ųȥ
νڸɻô˯ˣ
ͷϴָһæµȥѧǸǵѡѣѧУ󲿷Ҳûʱ˼ˡ
ǾͺáνҲˣ˵䣬ɻ
㣬û׼ʱ˽ȫֺĴһ²
װûģ뿪ͻص䡣
˯þͲ磬ΪСܳԸͣϻﳵȥѧУ
ȻͲߣνɻȥӺӡ
˼ÿôͺӣ۵ûţʱ̲סˣȰҲǹˣ˭ôѾ
ÿζЦЦȥ
ԷҲץⲻš
ҲûһֱôȥֻǺСȻѵЩɻֻꡣ
һ꼶Ǵ͹ȥ֮ͱĺһѧ
еСæµҲʵþûҵ£ȫûСһ༶·ϡ
ܣСҲһġ
*
ֻǵº󣬿νӻĺӣ·Եۣͼʹ޸ҵģ۾Ҳģ첲ϻвٺۣɫͳνʣʲô·ˤˣ
νҡͷС꣬ЩΪѵ̯֡
ˣνͣС꣬ѯʵ·ôˣ
Сﰮɾϴ·ٻһЩŪ·ϷҲÿλͷϵıӶһԱȣ⺢ӿ϶ѧУˡ
СĿ㣬û¡
Ȼ뻳Ҳ۸ˣС꣬ң˭۸ˣ
С۾ˢĺˣʵĿء㣬ҡܵ㣬۸ҡ
㣿
զһİģֻһܵܣܣ֪˭ˣܸ˵һʲô𣿡
Сʱøˣίҡǰ೤ҪҵûԸ⽻ҾˣǸϽءǺҡ
²£˵οı˳ë
С侲һЩĲӣҭҭҾûǵģʦ˵ˣϿǱְ壬ϢʱҳȥȻҡ
һû𣿡
СĵͷûҲҡ
ΪʲôңԽỺɵӣ˴㣬Ҫ֪ˣ㲻ǽЩȥǾͲҴˡ
С֮ǰ⣬ĵӺС֮ǰԩļ⣬ҲΪԼ͡
һȻ⣬֮Уʱܴ̼Ҫ
ȻİûôˣҲûӦ
ֱóʱСС˵¡
ͱĺӲͬиĸүү̱СԼȴûС
ǲȥܰɣϴϴθأһ£ʹʮ£ʱñ׺òã
ͣС걻Цˣỹڽëϣȴҡҡͷǲˡ
ñףǽ֣
ȻСûļֹϴεѾ֤
Ƕذ
ˣԼ֡
ңҪ±Ǽҳҹû˳ᱻøҡ
ɿŽҪֵӣȴһֱůů˻ŵĸоƺҲûôˡ
Сӣ۵ģȴ͸¶żּᶨ㣬ҡԼ֣
ã㣡ͷע
һЦСܽϴϴȥˡ
νһţСҪʱνܲ֡
˵˵ˣС뿪ųõ̫ˣǲԣҪǻȥ˵һɣ
ҡͷΪ˵һãǴĺ֮ǰͱҽѵɸ۸С꣬Ҿף䱾ôΪǴˣܹһΣܲһδε֣ĻСꡣ
νüͷøˣЩƣ˵ҲûҪľ˽ѵһͲһ˵䱾ֻǣܵùһ°ɣ
Ǻӣܲˣһʲô£ӿܾûˣǾһ
еµĴ˶Ժš
ֻǰ裿
ЦˣǰҪĺݵḶ́ܽӾͲˣԽԽᣡ
ʲôöûУñ䱾
ϱĵøлԭˣѵˣӵӳѹסˡ
裬ǹǼĸĻԺͬݲģҲҽζܿûôˣЩȻľ档
ﻹأ
СħǶζܿų⣬ǲܺͺõģôˣȻܼ֡
̫ˣ
Ҳԭһɵġ
νҲĬˣͷ۵ͷ˵˵壬
ˣοģСԵģСҲãǺ£棬ʱܽѵȥӲܴˣҳ𣿡
»Ĳʲô£ҪȫСҲûܣµֻ֣Сġ
νˣЦЦپ¡
СӴʵҲģֻϰԺӵĹգһʱûӦ
һСϴֻ
ЦԷ
*
С۸ĲҺϢİˣ󱦶Щ졣
ǸŮӿɲˣϴù۸С꣬ͱһ£ˤϥǶƤˣһΪֱš
ѧȥʱߵö
ŪΪǳʲôˣζܿһȥ˰Сʱ·ߵһСɽҵ湷βͲݵС
ǲǲȥˣһǳ⡣
󱦺Ͷ˿ȥ
Ȼû֣һѵҲǲٵġ
˲ʹԴˣĴۿɼӣǼҳ㷹󱦶Ƥʵϰˡ
һαˣȴĶӣС˵ǵСҸ״
Ҿ֪ʦ˵ûҵ
Ӱ˸Ĵ󱦸Ц˻ҲŵŮ
ô˳ˣѾͷʵ㣬ʦ״Ǿͱˣ
ڶѧ
СȻ˵ҪԼ֣ɣڶԷҲûҲ磬űʦ˰ӣҵʵʵˡ
һ죬ûҵĻᣬǷǹңΡ
ʦϿεᣬֻһ飬
Ӳδ̫ãһģѧƣĴ󱦶ٴҵ
Сüͷ𣬰ǲҵһύʦ
Цһʲô˼ô౾ӣ˭֪Ҹʦ˵Ҿʹ㣡
ںͱ֣Ķܵߣ׺ݵĿСꡣ
Сɪһ£ֽȫʮӣ/ýģһ˵ʦ˵ˣ˭ûҵҾ͵ø˵ƭˣ
ɵ˰ɣû뵽ңһ£вŲٴһ٣
С걻Ƶĺ˰벽ȴִҡͷתҪߡ
󱦸ɴֳͷѧŴһЩ/åġ
ͷŮͷˣͷƤһۡ
С꾪һбӡɢһأۿһ죬뱧ͷһ뵽˵Ļҧתһס󱦳Լӵ̧ȱȣ󺰵Ҹƴˣ
ûзֱˤڵϣʹһףҽг
С˳ѹϣһ߿һˢˢ֣ء㳶ͷ㣡
æͬѧǹȥܵĶһͷɫʱ䣺㣡


79  79 
̳Сɲǻӡ
Ȼֻм, ⼸³Եú˯úãÿҲǳ
ĶֻСŮ, ȫûκμɡ
ҪԷѹŴҪ̫ɡ
СµĲǴ󱦶, ǱļҳСѡ
ףڶ֮һԥûС
󱦱ֻܲͣҽС
ȻͷѸٳҴҽ㣿
Ҫ֡
˭ֲ֪ŸմȥѹŴ󱦴С̧ͷסһ, Ȼ, һ
һҽС
ƺһ, ڴ, ۵ǲۣؿڶѵûš
۸ҵģСί˵, Ŷһ
ܹһˣ˶, һԿ, Ǳ֮ǰö, ˵Ļս
һĻ˱ͬѧһʱûҪʦ
ֱ˻սС꽥·, ˻ܳȥʦ˴ܣ
ܿʦ, ӱֿ
ʦʲôǲǶҪӣ꣡ǰ೤Ȼһܣ
С۵ͷ, ҭҭ, ͷң·ҲģžǸ۸С
ʦһ죬Ҫ䶼ˡ
⺢ƽʱϲˣֹԻ¡
ʦ󱦺Ͷʲô˼˴һˣ
ƲƲ죬˵
С꿴ŻǱСᳶͷ¶ƤЩ⣬Ҳ⡣
ۣɴ󱦴ܴˣôǰˣԸ˵
Ŵһԡ
ʦûˣʱӶû£ҲԶԶмҳĵزҪ֪ڼҳҪϹһǵ鼯ĳɹ
ˣ˭˵˵ô£˵ʦ͸һС컨
ͬѧеĲңͷ˵д󵨵ģ־µʦʦ֪
ܿʦһСͬѧ֪ǰɵöԴ󱦶ɫˣƽʱξˣȻܡ
ҺôˣȻǻҪš
֣
ǶϵˣСͷɬɬһɹİĸУԴְӲô¡
žһ£һۣȻ󡭡ûˡ
Աüְ
Сͷ/͵͵һ¡
ȻҲİæ˼£첲Щۣ·Ҳˣ󱦸࣬Ҳ٣ڴӶˣá
*
һδܣ󱦶ûлȥ˵
Լûʦѵˣȥ˵ֻֿԣ˵СҲûİǴʲôܵĽѵ
˷ǳĬţһҪҸٴһΣ
Сȥ󣬵Ǹ˵ˡ
˵Ҳܿó·ͷ֮ǰӲһˣûʣСѾıĹ㣡
ߵУҲɵЦݣôˣ
СиӰҡҺǴˣ
Դ佱
ˣ
СЩԾĵɴʵҲһԥΪûг״Ӯ᲻ʧ
ǿģͷůůģ̵ĸоЩκС˵һʼѹģܵҲæҾ͡Щ򲻹żĽͣҲûԿ
ۣϵ¶ȵɫ˺һ˴㻹ûԿ̫ˣ
С걻ɬһЦ
ЦúܺãԽѵҪȡһ㣬𣿡
ӵ˽⣬ǾԲ˵ģ˵Ŀǿ϶ֻ
ҪС걾˽òǡ
Сӵ飬Сӽòˡ
ŵҲˣȻ˵СԼҪûԼҲñƺڵġ
Сͷã
ԭϲдҵڶѵҲڴ
Ҫø
ˣ
Сÿɾʮ㣬Ҫͣ˵Ҫص·Ҳúöһ¡
·̲Զ·϶أҲɴͬˡ
ͺӣһЩ
ڴ󱦺ͶҲһŬΪ˵ĺӣ֪ڴϵá
һδ䣬Դ˵ֱǳ衣
öԼܹӮòƯ
кӲŮĴܣҲᱻƲġ
ǺӣЩҲǶġ
లµĹ˼죬ÿһֵĿ⿴С꣬ûбˡ
СеϢ
Ϊѧ̡
ֱһ죬ζܿſ޿Ĵ󱦺ͶţǼҺӽӴô˵
ʶŴ󱦶ӿ
üһ
һϴĿģ¶ĸ첲ҲˣңԴһϥƤˡ
Сɵ
̲סпһ䣬ĩǷżٵʱСϳ緹ȥѧУˡ
ϿΣǺͬѧԼ档
ڲʮ࣬С껹û
˵ͶԼҵӣɫѿˣ֮ǰ۸ǺӣͰ˴󱦣ô˵
νˣӳüͷ΢塣
æģҴ
νСܵļʱ֪Ǹӣ˵ô϶Ҳ˵ٴν
˳ĬζܿĿһ¡
ûнε·ϣ󱦶ôãϲӣҲᵭ˵ģ˵¿أɶǺӣǹﻹȴС˼һԶ
⻹ˣֱǶ˶ҡ
ֻۺӣڵĹֻܸţ˼ȴոյˣ࿴һۡ
ΪһʮŮǸʱ򲢲ټʱ򣬼ֱ⣬û뵽
ʱ룬ǲǶҲδġ
̫լˣζܿȫûнĵط
Ҳۣüͷ΢壬ЩƲˣҪǸԼָ˵
˺ǽҲҪ˵һ£ɡ
򴽣߽ȥ
󱦺Ͷ۶һۣ޵øˣء
汻Щͷۣ㡣
ء󱦶ʶС˵㡣
ͣûסЦһ¡
Ӿ͵ɹ
ɫ滹Լ˵棬ʱûһҺӣ
˵ҺӴģ
˵ˣͲһΣһĨ̵Цݣֱأ̬ʮֶӣǲɵһ꣬һ꣬һСﶯ֣û˭ȶֵģ
ɫһͣû˵
ûһ磬ʶȥģֻǿҵģŭͷǸ״ֱӾ͹ˡ
󱦶Сˣŵָ̧ͷ
ƼˣȻҼСΪ׾ӵС£ҵʣôˣͶˣѲΪ̫ۣ
ǵϰ㲻䣬ֱ׳˭£ҲýǴɣҪһǸҲҪһǸ
ЦҾǱǻã
㡪汻죬ŭҧźۣȭͷˡ
ζܿ࿴һæӣ侲㡭
㲻壬ǰһ֪Ϊʲôô˵𣿰ǰҺûҵҼСҵûյʦ˵ˣǱӣͷͽСһ٣ǸʱǵŹ򰡣СŻҿһ仰û˵ڻҪˣǲǽǰһˣ
ŭס㵵Ŀֿӣ£
ӣûУû򣡡
𰸣
͡ЦһĲмûѧУʦ֪Ҫȥһ
󱦶ͷ˵һʼ߼ҳܵ£˭֪ȻѾ߼ҳˡ
ʱͷԶ޵һ뵽ǰòűѹڵϱĲ״ˣֻܼϣڰְ֣Ƕȸ£ӦҲöܵѵɣ
ģһҪѵɿǱ׵ӣ᲻ãһʱӲԭء
ʱԶһĺ㣡
*
ѰȥͼһСܲԺ龰СŲͣһ£ּӿ첽ߣ֡
һαҳţЩη塣
ļ˵ˣİְֹ˵㲻ôôݵģҲΪС꣬ǣʱʲô
ûЩ˼ĿСꡣ
һСȻԼһĺӴ
СЩţʵʵ˵ѧУ棬и˸ƯӣǲɫģҪǲ͹⵷ң߶ϣǼ񲻹Цǣ͸ˣȥæ㣨ҲæȻ󡭡ˡ
˵ҲЩ飬ˣҲ̫ˣ
ˣʧȥһЩǣҲû潫ô
ԼһЩ
ΪҲ٣ֻССı˼£ܰöࡣ
ζܿǰɫѾ̫ˣ̫Եˣ
Ҳ󱦣ǲ
ԴԽ͡
æԴ˵֣ҲˣίԴڵϿ˵ģ
ĵģ֮ǰΪǶӴܵʱײ˵ģû뵽ðͷһӶ׼⺢δ̫ˣ
СԴһЦݣģ漴棺ã㲻ӣڱ˽ѵҾСûƮƮļ£һӳ˼ԣһҪҼСúã
󱦶ţְ֣
ʲô˼ǰӱҧù
˼ڰʾС߿ȭͷȻֱ֣ţ͵ôˣΪܣҪǹ˼û꣬Ͷִˣ
飡һһʹӶһ¡
󱦶һϽ㿪
ζܿɫ䣬Щżֲҹֻ۰ͰͿš
û£ڶ¾Ѿˡ
浽ǾѵģѸָ񵲡
ı乥ص㣬ȭͷĶӡ
ƺһٵ飬ֱӻ֣Ϊֵ˭֪ζץգǰŮ֣˼¡
⼸ûѵǰʱˣʱܶЩ裬ǰȴڽڱƽʱȲһ£˶ȥ
˳һѹϣٴһȭȥ飡һ½ԴƫˣڵϿһ£غҶһˡ
ûͣʤ׷žžȭͷȥ顣
ʹϮ˲䣬˶ˣֱһȭͷͷǣˡ
ſζܿ۵ĸϽҪƿ
ûѾ˿ֻѵ棬ѵˣÿ
ζܿ۵һۣ˷۲ۣ
ûǱıɫǺ죬޺޵ĵû˵
һЦ¶޹ն˶ݣݼһζʹ亹ֱը
ֻǸոһݵĲȷʵ޷мܣȥҲֿԡ
ĬŤͷԱߵӣʲôȥ
󱦶һ飬Ѹٻ
ѱոյıʾˣ֮ǰ̫ݣǾѾԼֻ׵
Ϊ׵ܰһسӣ˭֪һ٣״ĵӳûˣɥſһԼŵһţڱ׵ˣϽȥһ仰˵


80  80 
һ·Сܵ, ±׵ѵԶԶ׺ںͷ
ζܿΪûв£ֻԹ, 鲢ֻ۵ÿ߳Ĭˡ
Լѡ, ôв, չϲӶ, иĻǴ󱦺Ͷ, ҪҪ, ôܹҪ˵
ҲЩ, ҪԼ, Ļûʲôģ˭ô󱦶۸Ǽһӣ
Ҳֱ׳ֻʣˡ
һ·ܳĬ, ҲҪζܿţԼǰ, ʵûֶݣֻǶӡ
̫ˡ
ڱ˼ﱻһŮ˰Ŵ
һվһϮۿ̲סһ, ϸǻ/ģĿ⾡ͷһһ߻ͷ׷
һ
ĺܰԼӣ֮ǰ겻ڼ, ûĸ׽̵, Ǹ躢ӵ, ûߣ᲻ýѵ
ڳҪҲˣûһı䣬䱾ľ棬ӱһӻ
ԭΪǱ۸ˣڲ֪۸˱ˣߵ壬ˣſŻǸ
֮ǰ۸ɹһֶû͸¶
ͷ۵̫Ѩ޲÷ˣӾˣδбĺӡ
뵽⣬һƫͷһĬӣɫ࣬ίˡ
ζܿҡͷЦŵί˻û׺ãոûţ
һůԼո鲻ãһ·Ĺػ֮û־ЩΣû£ֲء
ζֱۣܿοǾͺã̫ѹ̣ҲǾͶˡ
˵꿴ϣζܿԺϢըʱ֪ɲ׼ȷٺСʱѸĸͷͣɵĳˣǻùТ˳
ЦҡͷȥɣûˡһЩɣЩڴҪǻץʱҪһɣκúý̵ҲԺ˿϶ܺúõһ𡣡
ζܿЩ죬Ȼû˵ɴ󲿷ʱǱеģ;̫ܲҪӣ
ΪҲͦӵۣѡ񵱺ôһԭԼ
û뵽˵Ҫӣ
ʶӣûлش
ˣεĽ͵֮ǰǶͦųģʹȹһ꣬㻹ᣬҾóһоһúùţԺûʱչˣ֡
Ƿųȥһɡ
ֵ׬˶Ǯھÿţ׬Ǯĵط̫ˣζܿк۹⣬Ĵ
ֻһֱûȥʱ仹磬кܶ˼ɣҲҪְѹơ
ζܿĽͣϽҡͷЩɬЦЦ˵ʵ˵ҿѾˣɶƳ˿죬Ǵδйġ
浱۾һ޴ľϲͣסŲŵһģ
ζܿͷиǿҸʮа/ˣٵȵȰ£Ǿȥϼһ¡
̫¼鲻һ׼ʱƳ٣պôǰûʩ
ϵĿ̫ˣ
һҪԼ侲侲һڵܿͨ죬ʱ󱦶ǳһ㶼ǵˣӶһҪְˣ
֮ǰκӳڵʱӶˡ
͵һദʱҲ࣬ʱϲģ
Ϧദӡ
ζܿеϢһȵ水Ͳסÿˣֱһѽ˱𣺡̫ˣ˵ҪӾˣ⺢漰ʱ⼸Ҵȥ׬Ǯıиõ
Сĵ㣡ζܿҲ¶õЦݣֻǱȻ𣬻Щɬæļ
ҡҡͷߣұߡ
ſ
ζܿ
ţȴʼСĵĻţǰ治סĻͷ±ְ׷Ĵ󱦶һ·ͷͿһĻ
󱦼¸࣬ĸȥʱ꣬꣬ոճ
δĸ׺ܡ
ĺȴܺܡ
ôˣûӦһ
󱦺૵Ҫʧȥְˣ֮ǰδ裬ź衭
꣬ɫҲ˼
ǻֵ̿ǵϣȥںүү˵ζܿе¡
*
ϣ˯ʱ䣬Ⱥ뿪ˢ
Ϳ޵ϡﻩƿӾͿ޵ҲҪӣ
ʱ¶ִ
ΪĺӣĸģȻڼҵ⼸£򣬿ҲĵģΪƤʱ򣬰ְֻᱧԴ
кûΨζܿܺһ
ܸܵζܿ
ˣϾ꣬Ҳ֪ζܿһкԺ϶ΧĺתŮԼԻʧ衣
ζֲֻܿһ
ûŮֻһӣ
ˮҲ룡
Ȼûдôų⣬ʶүү˵ʱδĺӵӣԼǵʧ
¶ȻżᱻĽ̵ɲϲζܿ㶼˵ҪδĵܵãҲŵͷţҪ
󱦵õ֧֣ԻҪǼ򵥵ԴôֹǺӳ̫ˣֻڵܵܣôܲҪѽءְֺܸˣ϶ܵ⡭
˵ҪǻеŮˤһ£Ӿͻ
۾һʶָʹȥٹȥһ¡
ҡͷԣҪǶְֻ֣ġ
˵Ҫˣֲģѹ
ֵǰ͵͵·ĵط϶ˤģ
ͣ

󱦼ˣȫûʶԼʲôúãԣ
Ǿô죡ҲЩģһЦ
ֻǺܿһ⣺ûͰ
ʱǺܹĶڳǲãҳŲʱŵġ
취
ͷ󻼽ˣһϸڣ˯ˡ
ߴӸĸ˰ȥһº˯ĵط֮ǰζܿҪӷָŮһ˯
Ը˺þãڻ˯һ
ȥʱſ֨һ
˯ȴûһ
ǵպɢһЩɫһĨЩеҪһӣǡ
¹ϣЦݽԡ
*
еζܿҶ˵λ
ǰҪͣȥϹڲˣԼȥϹ
Ҳʱʱػѯһ£ʲôóԵҲ͹ԡ
ζܿԭĸ׽Ҷ֪żҷãҲʮ㡣
Ӷùɲ١
ǸֵƤ棬Ū·ˣҲζܿЩο
Ȼ֮ǰܿɶ񣬵ܹġ
İˣӶʵܶ࣬Ҫ׬Ǯ
Щģһˣ͸㶨ˣǰĶ˸͸ĳߣѺǲЩ͵͵ġ󡯡۸
һһȥ졣
ߵʱǰҹζܿ𴲵ĶѣɷҪ뿪ʮֲᣬǻøˣҲ
ʲô˯ѹ
ζܿҡҡͷ˯ˣҿߡ
Ǻáͷʰ˶䣬ҪǺˣԼүү̣һж㶨ˣ뿪
ζܿûгȥͣˣתЩ䡣
ȸţ뿪ŻصϣԴѣַСɫЩҸЩǳ
˵ΣգһСĿܸ˼Ҵ
ǮҲࡣ
ΪǮǶ̫ˡ
ζܿŵȺ꣬Ҫʼҵˣץסʱ㲻ܴ󸻴Ҳʳǵģ
ţȻ洫һЩ
ζܿʶ֧
ֻоĵĲ
´ҲŵߵűߣŲδţֻľţ͸϶ܹһɫ£ȻһۣζܿҲǴ󱦺Ͷ
ҹģϲ
ζܿû룬ȻǾԼſڲһ׵ĵطжٻ˼
ܿӾ뿪ˣţҲûϲ
Ӧǰְ뿪Ķ
ζܿõ𰸣ֻصϣϱӣůı˯ٴϮ
ڶһ磬ζܿ𴲡
ԴӴԽӶùɣ˯𴲣ʳƷȥܻһɣ
ζܿЦŴȤԼԽʮĩƿţ˯ɵ̧̤
Ȼһ˶ȥƨ/žߴڵϣպ÷ſиżβ׵档
һĲҽоԺҳԵļų򾪽


81  81 
ζܿ͵ҽԺ´ӴӴżҴ, ִʱѾǺüˡ
Ұ죬һ֣ҵθԹ, ̫ˣȻֱˤżϣź, ⺢ָס
ӹһϧѣǰ, ˵, û׼Ǹк, Ѿͷһӣ
Ӹŵúõĺ, Ժٻоѿ
ֿ, £Ѿͷû, ˵úõôˤأܾӵԭ򡣡
֮ǰϵ£ţζܿ, Ȼһ£мڼˤ
, ĳԸͣʱҲЦЦס⡣
ԭ֮ԱƣΪһ, Ըӡ
涼ڼҴôʱ䣬Ȼܸ£Щˣ
ǰ
ǲ֪ζܿôˡ
Щס֮ͬǰζܿĳŵµЩԭ, Ȼζܿ, Ҫһͷȥ, ԭ˲ġ
ҪǱӺ׵Դһҿ϶ҲҲ̫ˡ
Ҳæ
*
ûȥµջجģŵȷҲһʱҽԺ
ζܿסԺ
ƿƯŮʱɫ԰׵ڴϣŴЦԵ㡣
ֻζܿԹŴֱֺӱ
һͿվſڵ档
ֱӻ
ļһᣬϽǰüûκӣʮǱϻһɺζĻŵ˵һԲҲãӦڼչġ
Ŵεջ֣ҿӣڨЦǷ˵ȳȥ
Ҳû룬ͷĸڳĵط۵Ŀ
ζܿȴûУβ׵ˡ
ûУ㵣漴һϲģûе
ζܿͷ
泹׷ɣǾͺãβ׵ز
ζܿ˲ᣬɫӣء
Ǻúţ»Ǯγ׬˲١˵
ζܿûס˼ᣬί֪ôˤ𣿡
üһȻЩԾͷһЩûбֳҡͷ֪
ζܿģȴίʲô֪ô޹ҪԼҲ䵽زѹĿ޺ſͣ
˶һԭȻֹ
ʲô汻ˣعʶ仰ĺ壬˶վʲô˼ͣ
ζܿĵίˣҲôֻ࣬йԼ޵øӴ棬̫ˣҪĻУһºӾıˣ̫ˣɣҲҴȥˣء
˰ףҵҪһ̧֣ͱȥ޴İż˵ʲôҶ֪ģǲˣ󱦶ڣҲ°ǱϾǸӡ
ǲǺӣǷӣζܿպƽһ㣬Ľͣôһ˵ˣųҭҭΪǾһ㣬˶ѣǾȻء
ˤ֮۵һ亹ֱðʹȥ
Һе̫ˣھŵøϽβ׵۵òУ޷
û취ھӾȥŴ䡣
Ŵ˵֪ϱˣŵô󺰴УҲ˶֪ˣζܿڼˤһӣˤˡ
ĳӸպڣ˺Ǵ£ֱ͵ϡ
ȵҽԺҽһʲôӣβ׵ǣ
β׵һˤѿˣȴԶԶ˺
ζܿٴʱѾڲţѺ˽Լֻҡ
ʱûΪƳˣԭ屾ӾͲãȻ˼£żƳҲģˡ
ҹζܿ;òԡ
лϵǰ֮һʶӡ
ſ߹Σôˤأ
ˤļ̫ˣһζܿó䣬Ҳǵúι̣ǻģ
ũ嶼أûдשûľ壬£Ҫ̫ˡ
ȻȷԼһξ룬󵹣β׵ˤѣȶ˿ˡ
Ϊӡ֤Լ룬۲鿴Ьӡ
лʱ˲ЬûѵЬӣʱ˽ʡûŰ˵ЬӶЬմȾĸо͸С
ΪؾѹǳʵһֻоˮĽ󣬲Ż¹ԼЬϡ
ǡ뿪û˯ʱǵԼԼ⣬ʱûϣһϵʲô֪
ȷ²ֻû
Ȼ⼸µԺȻϲѾɢòˣЩᡣ
ɴδǾȻ£
ҪĻУǾıɱ
̫ˣ
*
ζܿŽԼһֱĬ¸˵ˣһ䣺ǲٺһѡһѡǣ
лһ˿Σܷӣܼȥ
粻ܣǾ顣
ֻĿ̫Сˡ
ԣҲߵһģֻٸһ£һԼôĶ֪
ΪִˣζܿȻ֪ԼܴѰ˿鸹ҲΪ˺ܺãӣҲû뿪Ȼûʲôɹģ
ͺжѡһˡ
ŴҽԺܣ֪飬ֻŴһֱζܿҲ뽫йϣֻĮԴ
ֱиܹⳡǰԼ
˵ˣȴɫ׽ӣɤӸһ޷
󱦶Ȼ£
ŭҲͬҲһĻźζֶܿһЩ
ѡ̫ˣ
ζܿĬĶĿ⣬ֻеȴľͼᶨ
һЩرܵƣס֡
ζܿûü㿪סһᣬֿˡ
Բû뵽ģһȥһ𰸵ġ
ζܿŵĺȻ侲ˣҲǣһ˵һԼǸɱ˵Ķħ̫ˡ
ӱƵĻشЦҲ˵㲻̫˵ģҪȥһ㣬Ǿķӣô᲻ǣӴԺٸһ𣿡
޷ش𣬰˵Ŀ֪¶˺ܴ󣬿ҵĺӣΪף͸ǣΪǸ𡣡
ķӡ
ôС
ζܿĻĳ֣ЩԼδ飬֪ˣǰɣҺˣԺǾȥ飬ĴҲҪһپ͹ˡ
ɹѹغһٿǮˡ
ûˣܵǮɡ
ˣдʹҪǴ¡
˼ǵĽζܿλ£ζܿ侲ԼȻɵԭĸڱΣ
ֲǹŴ
Ҫиְ취αطҪһӵ˽飿
ͷһаˡ
ԳЦЦϲ㣬ĺҽܲˣǱ̳Ҳ֪˭ĴռһΣ൱ұ˺Ҳɵģ棬֪һֱ޳ɴӣҺȻͬ˵ģǸô򣬾͸úݺݴҪ㶯֣£
꣬𽥿£֮ӡ
ˣ
һʱĲһʱݣ̳ӣ
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ѡһʵע顣
治ھͻشҽڴҴ뿪ص󱦶ѧȥԼſڣſѱŴ䴦ɾզһʲô
ֻſڵᣬ׻ŵһЩʳõĲζ
ܵٹʱһ㶼Ų
ȷʵŵˡ
ˣζܸܿԼôһԩӣҲǣɶֻӡ
ҧأΪ²𶯣ݶҧֱ졣
ĺӣ
£
һҲû˼ʲôǵţһֱһǰһĻ
󱦿棬һЦʮֿģְ֣
涢ЦãƺһûԼ˶£ٿԱߣЦҲʮִֻǸӺ
˽Ųĳܹ
߽ˣƺԣȺŻĽŲɵĿ
֣
󱦶ЩµĶһְֻۣϲõȥ֮ǰ¸ͷЩҡ
ᱻɣ
͵͵賿Ҷûʱģ
ǲְ֪ʲôʱߵģֻкУӦò֪ģ
һ룬Ķ˶ֳǰ˼
Ҳûָ֣ŷŵżﵹͣˤǲǣ
󱦶ɫ΢䣬ѸٷûУ
ͬǳ϶
Ҫһֱǵɫ仯Ҳ޷ȷ
ŭȷһ̣۷壬Ժըӣ
ζܿ˵ǷţڲŶˣ
ŭͷ͵һֹţһëӣһӣžžž¹ȥ
һ³ںƨϡ
ɱ֮ǰҪضˣһŭ⼫ȫйϡ
ʱ˺ѷεĲҽС
һңƨʹ㣬ͣķһƬ־塣
ĬֵĸǺǽͯħŵһǿסģְҴˣˡʹء
̫ˣ
ˣ
ҲһҷһѱһĿ󣺡ءְ֣ˣҴˣԺ󲻸ˣˡʹء
ϴʲôã
鶼Ѿز
ҧȥټ֮ƨֱӼѪҲûҭҭˡ
ɴŴţſڵϣƨɴ·ѾѣһѪӿ֣Ǽ⻹Ѫζмë϶մ˲Ѫֻ亹Ķëӣһһıڴϡ
󱦱ʱʶһ£Դ˿ЩԸ׵ϲֻŨŨĿ־塣
ĸܹһӵĲ״㵹ڵϣһƴ汳ϣˣ
Ƥ飬ŭδҧгݵҵ裬ǣССͣô񶾣ʹǲ֪ģ
ɫһͣЩ飬ûӣôϰ˵ˣȷʵǺˡ
ҪȴȥŴҩ
һɳɤӿŵүүүү£ҲҪְˣءҲҪְˡ
*
ӵĲҽɴСǰĲҽйڼھӣӶü
ɫŹֵҡͷ£Ӵ
ҽԺζܿȴߺ󣬿޵
˵Ҫ飬ǸģɸϣѹҪûӣǶõɷѡ
ϲˣȴºܱͣŬ׬ǮϽ룬óԵĶ
ӽеöˡ
Ű԰죬䣬˭֪ǹ޵ôͲˡ
һĵɵӣҲᣬӦǵһν飬զܼ޸һкӵˣôƯֲûȢ
ǰ´۾һ㣬Һߺã飬ǸʱŮ˱˶ûͲ롭

ζܿʹЩԾðο
ǵģû
ӣ
ʱġ
ζܿ϶˼ɻѹʱһˡ
ɫԼкһЩЦЦˮĴߣѯʵںЩ𣿡
ζܿ򴽣ͷ͵ûУûӣβ׵ˣûʲô󰭣һӾͺˣлл
⼸˲٣ΪкˤˣҲϰߵĽôһ䡣
Ǿͺáˣβ׵ȻأɵûСͬʱҲЩ
Ůǣй⻷ǲһ
ԭǸʱӶˣӶˣǱСħƵһ˥˼ʮꡣ
Ů⣬Ͳͬˡ
ҲǺ¡
ζܿͷһůֻΣ࣬ԼɼǺܺãΪڿ汻ʱ̬ллҡ
΢΢ף֮ǰ˵ĻҪҪæңĶ԰㡣
ȷµô£Ȼ˲²ǼŮ飬˭ҲûȷҲܲͬģͲֱ˵ֻظһĻ
ζܿҪҡͷʲôҪæģ벻˻ҲôȻĺӣɶ˵Ʒŵġ
ֻǸҡͷζܿȻһ̽ĿڣܰҴ飬ҡ
ҽԺס˶ãƵûؼˣʵӣסǹƶģҽԺ϶جء
ûȬ֮ǰҪҲѣܵиȥ
飿
ͷá
˵ĻҪ֡
ζܿϲ⣬û뵽ĴӦˣϲ֮ҲԽлл̫ллˣǮʱûУҾǮˣỹģ
û£żҡҡͷЦһ£Ȼȥˣ˷Ӿ͸˵һԺ֮ǰ㶨
áζܿٴθм
һ䣬ڼ۲ɫȷʵ˵β׵ѣûб⣬ŷ뿪


82  82 
뿪ҽԺ, ȥⷿˡ
ǸжɣҲҽ֪ζܿĴ, 죬ͻԺ㶨, ζܿҲܸһ㡣
ֱֻ䵽ĵزûԤϵġ
Ҳ˵εǴ󱦶ġ
ԭһû飬Ϊк, ҲΪʱŮϴԵŮ˶û, õ飬һԽѡ
ⷿӻѵġ
ܶ˶ҳ⣬ҵҲ̫á
һû㶨
һȥΣŸ㶨ˡ
ͷ͵˴ɨ䱸˼򵥵ľסرƷͽⷿӵλúԿ׸ζܿ, һǮ, ܾˡ
֮ûٹע, Ķˡ
ӻǲĸԡ
Ϊֻ˵, ۲ñ֪, Ӻϲ˵Щ
, ӴڵĹ, , Ǹʱ, Ҫڼ֣Ƣһģʹˣ˭ְ˵žЩĽ
ЦǺ£Ůӣ񣬻ҪµظɻֻҪµظɻ⻹ҪѹҲ̫ˡ
Զԣͷһ˵벻ˣ˵μҵܹȥüˣǼ˿ǰŮŮҪѾͷҲɵļ޸һӵģ
һЦЦ
ζܿɲԭװģμҲûʲô顣
ЩԣЩԺȻϲɶԴ˾Ͳһˣһ飬;ΪЩ
ŮǺϲģȴȡ
Ȼֹ˰£ǳ顣
μ˶ƿڴˣؼңζܿԼȥѹᣬòΪЭ˴۾
˵£ǴӵĿ޺챻򣬳ʵˡ
ºˡ
ʲôã
̫ˡ
˶ˡ
С궼˵ܵı˺öడ˵ǺһûĺӣǺ趼סԺ˺þãǰְֺǡ
ѧУ˴֣ڲˣÿζͷߡ

кܶ࣬ţҲûʲôоҪǵһηԭԴʱº֣ǾҲҷˡ
ƫƫҪȵɴٳ֡
ζܿķһ£ȵʱζܿ͹Ǯˡ
ȥһУɵùߵĺεͬǹ⻷δʲô¾˳
·ĲͬĶǾĺûʲôֱ֮ġ
࣬һڣ׬١
û˼ۣ֪ͥδŮºܶࡣ
Ǯʱζܿ˲л˵ҴȥзչǱõʱҪҪ׬ǮҲ⣬ǻԺ
ɹ˲٣ԼﵽһԽˣ֮ǰһҲš
οĽĺ⣬Ͷʵ뷨ͶһǮúøɣ
ΪŮһܽǮģ
ζܿʮĪҲܹ衣
˵ĺһѾ͸ץʱĻǰ
ζܿæʱҲûš
ڳΪʱֻû׸ı䣬ȹС꣬ûչҵ
ȵƳ׸ı䣬ʼˡ
ĻóʳƷҵ
ʮٷϴˣʱҵٷչʱ˳볡һ׬˲١
뿪Сӣ뿪ϣģһһԶ뵽ʳǡ
νһʼͺ˵ˣڣ⡣
æµʱչ˺ü
̹Сһ٣û꣬յζܿĺͬԼķװƷƣΪʼʽĶ˶ٷ֮ʮĹɷݡ
ҲûǩԼͬټĻȥʹ˴ɡ
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ʮ
׷һһӣȻٶȲԷһգۣӹսǶ࣬˾Ͳˡ
ܻĶţվһ㲻˼ѧŴֵĸ˺壡
شȴǿյĻ
ĵļб͵ҵǮб³Űͻԩˣ类ִ򣬵㣡
ӣ壬ҲںĿǽǣһ飺ι͵Ǯˣ
ģҰֻΪҸõģ֪ڰ֣
ͷܾãɼģˣȴҡҡͷˣͲǮôøĸ˵һ˵ǽǮ
ְ죬ԷƤǲҡҲû취ֻת뿪
ʮȥˣǼҴԭȵĴᵽϡ
ﻹĸˡ
桢Լ壬ҲǸոյСӡ
ôҪΪǮˣڼһͻȻ˵Աˡ
һǮˣܻûһ滹ûǮǮԱ
ʶΪ͵ԼǮȥ״
˵һ١
ԭԽĬҲ֪⣬ֱͷ·ǮŻȻ͵Ǯ壡
һʱ׷Ҫܿϧܲʮĵܵˣֱӱ˦
㻨ǮûˣԩһֱĶܣҲί߷ߵţȻǴСͲʵġ
ţȻʮǰˡ
һǲΪǺĶ
һѾǺ裬ȴǸܵζܿ
ʵԩ˶ŵǸСؤԷһˤһš
ֲʵ϶
ǡʮһհ
̵ЦЦһ̾ϢЩ֪Щ£һԸ費Ǻ裬Ǽûбˡ
ĺ
Ǽº󣬸˵ϱˣҲҺˣôȰɿڣȻ֪ĺڣû˸ˡ
ĸˣ·ֻΪŮϴ
һʼҲ֣Ը⣬˵ҪǲҪȢ裬ųˣֻҧÿϴһĿڵ·
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ķҲ
Сѧҵɼ̫ҶˣǸʱ֪Ϊʲô£ͻˣһֱڣСѧƾ߳ȥ˼
һĶ꣬Сѧ֮ȥõĳУȥõĸС
ǰʱ߿˵Է״Ԫɷą̃
˶ڿӡ
ͺĽҪûдŵܵǶ磬ûнߣԼǲҲǸĽ״Ԫ
ʵͺˣʲôã
ǸԼʱ򣬶Էÿһۣ·ֻһҪİˡ
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ƿţһȥŵһɾζüͷ壬һ㣡
ͷסžЩ·ʱܳĢ
ǲǻˣϰΪһ䡣
֪˵ֹ꣬š
ٵĵۣѾˣģĶʰԽʰԽһһжԼɵС
Ľ꣬ڸ˶
Ȼڵǵ飬ζܿ
õδڶû˺裬ǵһңΪС˼ȫǻ˺óʱһ͵ͣɺˤ
ζܿˡ
ҲˣǲΪϧĶ֣֮ǰͽǳ״ˣֻ֮ҪǷһᱻһ١
Ǵһٲͨ⡣
Ǵ·߲ˡ
һζܿպʱǵӣ̲סһ£ǶʱĽѵױˣ¡
ܵҲʵˣԭһӹ⣬һӶ򲻳ƨӡ
ûĸһԽ̵ֻ޷֮ͨҲˣ濴ʧܵĺӣѧƣһúõļңԽԽ֧顣
ɨȥϴ֣Ϣ
ʱ¥һŮ˵˵нܳҵ߿磬ҪҪȥгԼʣ
Ǵ°
ֵ
ܳҵң
ҲȤŮȥ
ʵĵطԱߵһƽʱҲ֪ԭ淢չõĽܳҵҽ
ֵ˲٣ŮȺӲǼǰ棬Ŀǰ֡
һ˷ȴӲϡ
̨˵Ľ£λܳҵҳǰ
Ůԣ
˷׷׾̾
ȴʲô
һ˫۾ֱĶˣ𾪺ͻҡ
Ҳû뵽гԼʣý౨ĽܳҵңȻ͵ܵǧټҪߵĺ裡
Ҳһ

⵽ʲô˾˰


83  83 £꣩
ζܿȻ˽ܳҵң
Ը, ȴòš
ŻͲʼ˵˵Ĵҵ̣Ƕ·ӵˣζܿʮǰ뿪, ǰдҵڼ裬ס, һ˳ŵʱĶѾһķװУ
ʶ飬ǵĳ, ͸һʽ𣬲ζܿչ
һ·, ˻֣ӷװҵԼһֱڷչʳƷҵѾʼϢͨŲҵɽȴӦãĽ
ʱ翪װ, ҲΪ˻ر, ﳧӷչ, ܿǿʳƷӹȵȡ
·, ÿһ, ͻΪҾǮ, ͨͣӾ, ЩԲ𷹵ܳԷ, Щ·ܴ·
һϯ˵ܲ, ׷׾ֱʾᱨϣܽ볧﹤
ߵŮҲ־ٵϸߣҲҪ룡
ţ㻹ʲôأְҪúñ֣û׼˼ҼסˣԺȲ
ȴҵҡҡͷҾ֣޲ö
ֻǻҼ̨Ͽһۡ
öԷҲߡ
һܾζܿڿԼŵһ亹ٴȥĬĬ˳Ⱥܡ
ܣ߿ޡ
ίԼʮǰԼǹԹȲȡ
ҪܴԽʮǰһҪʱԼ
ô
ﲻã
Ķʵһʼǰֱٰ̣ǶˣŭŶٲˡ
˵º͵˼µζܿôΣ
һжʱˣ
ܲˣҸطϢȴԶңңǱ߼ʵȺˡ
棡
֣
̲ס߹ȥૺһ֡
Եͷһۣޱ£
СԲ𡣡
ˣʱ˵ֻԼ߼ðְִĺ裡
Դζܿ飬ûԸ޸档
Ǿˣûû˽һħŮĸŮ˸ҼޣĸŮԸޣ
񣬲ֻԸңҲûԸ޹
ŮĵǸЦЦɫįûʲô
Ǵ
ĵͷߣߵʱһӾСʿһкııܡ
Ϊ̫ÿˣҲ̲ס࿴ۡ
Скע⵽Ŀ⣬ͣһ½Ųɵĺһã
ǵһαòԴЩܳӦҲã
СкһЦߣǽȻ෴ķ
һƯɫȹŮܹӭŮζ͵͵ˣҪ̣
СкʱβһͷСһӣС㣬㲻Ҫ˵ѾûԱˣ
ŮһЦг֣żֳ磺ðɣ˵ˣ㲻ܶԣ͸ҧڣʣµԣ̲ڳ˱𣿡
Скĵ죬ɻǵͷ
һǰһ뿪ûעһԴ㶵
ҪֻǡС㡯Ҳôࡣ
ǿ߱־ԵУ֪ǾһֱĽĶ꣡
е̡
뵽ζܿĹϵȻ˸̫õĲ룬ζܿĺӰɣ
ԲֻǶĺӺãζܿĶӣҲôÿĿãӾСүһҲװ׾ôıԼ˵ż갡ô㻨Ǯ
ﻹб䡣
Ƕɹˣòͣõ磬òҲ
ٿ꣬ŸƯ
ԱԼص·°ڴдɨʱۣеԱһθ߹һΣֱؿԶıӰۡһ޳
ֻһû˺ˡ
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λϿζܿ⡣
ҪʳƷ⣬ζܿԭҪǷװ⣬ͷǮˣ˶ŶԺĿ⣬˲ԼͬѡͨѶҵ
ȻڻЩ磬Ҳܽһзչǰһ
һļϣʽζܿսҲתƵС
֮귢ֺͶԷͦͶԵģϵԽУҵĺҲ˺ѣȻЩ
֮ζܿҪϿװװ˾30%ɷݣ˵һشȻζܿԻȨ֪ȨС
Ȼ뿪˴ӣסڳҲʱȥԭĸúãҲԭϴ඼ģЩ顣
һ˵Ҫ֧֣һ
гټʽ
̨֮ͿСǣζܿĶζڳſڵţҪǰһȵ
ͷδĶŴŹȱ˫˫Ź
϶ڵЦݣĵһԽͣϰʮӡ
⺢ӻô˵һ֣ҪǴ˵㣬Ҷ֪ŴЦǺǵˣڼ
ĬĿǣɫ䵭·һİˡ
Ҫ˵
Ŵһ˼ʱԼϰ״ȴֲòЦôˣʶˣүү˵ÿ궼м裬ҸɨĹʱܿʵˮǸТ˳ѽ
֣ûκηӦ
Ŵ˵˵ž˵ȥˣϷûû˼ģۿһ죬ѹ㻹ڼǺүү°ʱ㻹СⲻǮ㣬ͱ˺ȥ
˫˫æŵͷɫȰͣүү˵ǣЩһֱΣˣֻһֱ˵Բ𡭡
䴽һЦЩ꿴ЦͻῩ⣬ʹô꣬ˣЩá
ȻڣЩеûģزǵô֪ܲ
ŴɫһףּɸǻңˣΨһĶӸģЩΪܵһǧǮܹϣɵǣ岡ʹ޷ֵ׬ǮܵǮԽԽ٣Ϳʼˡ
ŬͺͶӵĹϵȻʧˡ
һֱǸʱԼ˽Ǯ£ô갴մĹظһ㲻ġ
ﹻ
ڳ̶ˣôӲΪûǮˡ
вͨŴڰްҲûãΪˣ˭֪˵ԼӵŮڿǮˡ
κ˼Ҽٻش壬ϸ첲Ҳڳôĵطһ֪סˣֻ۰Ͱ͵ſܷ
Σֻÿߵü죬˵һ仰ˡ
һֱһΣ˵ԼŮ˺ӣгԹˣϸϽŴܹ˵ɡ
ȻһֱſڣͿˡ
κζԷһڣʮǰζҭˡ䵭·֮䲻ֻһİˣ
ŴҶֻүү֮ǰˣҶôͣԭҰɣ
Цøˣðԭ㡣
ŴһϲҪһͼһ£~˵ת뿪ִֿգ۴һһСϳ
ܿ쳵ӿ˦һβѾ뿪
Ŵסϰ
˫˫Ҳ֪Ļؿ
Ŵ૵ԭǻûԭ°
˵ԭ˰˫˫ͬૻش
ԭ֮أ
Ӧøһ߿࣬ȻǴؼҺú
ŴһĨ˰۽ǵˮòϣŮȷʵһ鶼ûˡ
ɺǧ㣬ȴҪˣ
ꡪ
װ޵ûֲƷζı
һȺžµŮŮڲǣǴŰɫʦĳʦǰڷһ̾ζʳ
˶˹ƮŵһĴ֣Ҳûзһ
ֻмһԼĪʮŮԵøţиţʱ·ʲô⣬Сġ
ƫƫһŮЦһ£СĵԱŲһ㣬ͽŮһ¡
֨һʹ̷һ̶
˶ԭͽŵŮӸᣬͷ亹ֱðֲ˵ֻܵͷ˿Ǳ
һ󸾲õüͷѵУ㲻˵ǵҺöԼˣҪǳȥˣҶҵˡ
Ůߵ꣬ʵüҲ֮𣺡֪裬ż޹ãһ¡
ãζЦЦû˵
˼˭֪
˽鶼һˣ
⻹вã
û˵ǸЦŮȴûй˼ɣĴ磬Ĳˣɩӿɶ޹һˣǣ涪ˡ
ۣ
Ů䣬˰ӲЦһʮ߰ȾŻë꣺ǣҿǴӰʦͲٽ̵ˡ
ѧ˶ꣿѧ˶ꣿһֱͷŮӺȻ̧ͷƽֱ׵һ䡣
ЦȻֹʶش𣺡ġꡭ
Ŷ갡~˹۽üҴЦ⣬Ƿ̡
һӺˣƲƲ죬ֲڴͥ˵õĻֻĬĬ졣
һֱЦŮҲ˵죬ֻ⻰ȷʵ÷
Ǵ꿪ʼѧǣѧ˰/ϸ񣬵ǳЦ˲Ҳѧ˲һ¡
ˣɫ΢䣺òͣ
֪ϡϡĻӦ
˼ԡ
ǰԭСҲֻԵһ߽ǵϸţţ𵶲棬ţš
һĶ/ȥ֮ǰС˼⡣
ţܺãʦҲܸߣʵѾҪԭţŵԭϣԼӰ
ԭиߵɷҶУҶǸļ壬Ҵҵ󣬶ԭ˵ƶԵʻ£ԭҶమĵá
ͯĻҹһҸ֡
ֻǺܿϧȴԭĲһѹ֡ơʧ䡢ƵƵܣһҶұԭ򣬸Ҫи飬Ҷҵ˵У˵Ʋϡ
׷Ҷֵ˾֪ȴڶԷȥռҴСġ
ľҲǴĵӽչġ
ĿҶк͸İ飬С˵һԣమĽϲҶеľС˵еĶŮ䣬ȥ󷴶ǣֿһпѡ
ŮΪԼ£ռңһֱϲΪ˸ѡףڼһŹʧȥ
ˡ
Ҷк͸ʱ
Ǹʱ񣬿ģȴٰˣתȮСǹһЦŮ
һȴû˶ŮĻϽ̫֮ͣˣ
ͨĸʲôֻҪһ˵䣬æҵһȺ˿Ц
Ҷһ㶼ϲϱҶҴϰ꣬ʹѵʱҲû£еĶϱӦŵԵĴС㣬ССϷӡ
ǵģܺҶΪĶȦ
ܺЩݹһĵӾ磬ûһֱڲ޴ˣݼҵϷҲԵ
ľǴС棬ǮԴӲȱ
һҶб̽ģʹϸչôһԵ
˵ǴĹˡ
˲ϲҶУѧ͵תˡ
ĲȥҶתһȦҶ˶ֿ䣬ԱľګĶϱֱ̿
ڼ˺͸֮ҶߵڣƣȴǵҵԽΪѣ֮ʣĽ˵ô䡣
Ҷк͸ĹϵͿʼŨת
һ۵ҶڳʱҲ˵һ䣺Ϊʲôһһң


84  84 
С, ڻìܣʼѷ졣
ʼٸİûԼ⣬ֻ˺Ůĸ治ι̡
ԼȮ, Цһꡣ
ĵĻ, Ҷеϯ, Ŀ÷޸ˣȵٱػ, Խ᲻ã˺ȵ, ͵ĳ䡣
ڶ죬ҶھƵ, һŮһС
ԷͬһֱĽҶеһȽŵԵĴС㡣
ļôõһԣʱǶѾ̥, ˡ
, ҶкСٻˡ
ΪԷļͥҶв
ֻܹкޱĸˡ
˶õĽ֡
Ψи֤ãȻ֪ıĸӻؼС
ûã˿Ҫײ, һҶУ°Դ̱
ײ˵ľҶе», ΪŷҶ, , , 򼫶ˡ
صеĸȦӵķ׷, ֻûƿЦ, ҶҪģΪκ飿
Ļ䣬ڸĸİˣɷ飬ʵһ
ҪһǮβĺûǮĿĿĺĸһǮȴʱЩ£ûаøУԸơ
ԭ֪ԭ磬ʵһΪ飬Ůǡ
Ů䶼㲻ϣΪֻһڻңϷݲ࣬ҪǳΪСôϲͨͥ˿
ֻҪʧȥҶеİʲôǡ
˵顣
֮˻Ϊĸ˫Ⱥͺ
ֻһֿЦ衣
飬̾ϢһԭЦַֻ̣۹ⲻãѡˣͬģƷãһΪ˸鵽Ҫĳ̶ȣ֪ʲôġ
žԭ
ԭúõһΪһŮ߰㡣
ʱ仹磬ԭڲδҵ
ֻΪӴ˲ԼĹҵ»ʱ
ԭȻǼţҶҶãҲûлκκΪţһЩӪΪ˲򣬾͵һЩ߰Ķ
ԭȻǺΪݵϷܶ࣬вٽɫӰֻ̣ӷϵӲμգҲӪԼϷɫ֮ûӡ̵¡
·˺øжȸߣ˶죬֪ݹĽɫɷ˿ȴһСѡİ
ź󣬱ӪӪһ·˺øжûˡ
ţһǰԭողμһսĿǱҶеһѣӦ˵ĵһȰ˵Ųμӵġ
˵ǽȼĿȡֱʽĿǰ۶ûùķƫƫٽǰһ죬õһα²ˣ
ԭ֪ĿݵʲôԭڳɣҶе˰æȰţҲòһսĿûʲô˵ģͲμˡ
˭ֱ֪֪һֲա
ԭܵСº¹˯һյҹƵˣĿΪµȫҶαƽĽȣһֱͱùѪͷ
ԭһ֮ʧܵóףֻǩ˺ͬԷƵķãͬΥԼҲܶ࣬òôǮҧ֡
ȻһֱȶȾ̫ˣΪǴδйģʽиôһϺȵ˱Ѵһȶȣһڶ졣
͵ԭţҲǸոճҶеĹԽǿҪϱ˳Ŀ
ΥԼֻҪԭúõشڼﱸбȥ˾ͺá
һͣԭܾ¼ƣ׷ҵ
*
һ߳һ߸ԭԹִ
ԭҶУȻ죬Ǵγ°ֻڴ϶ɹҶҼ̳˲ˣҶҷҶ˵ʹࡣ
ǺģԼƻ˸ɾ˵ҪȮ֣һежȴڱֻǸֶˣֻǻԭĻҵҲˣ
һΣԭϣܹҫۣҲϲƻ˸⵽Ӧ
ȷδķչ˶񣬳һţţ˳ֽ޵ķҲ£Ÿо΢Щˡ
Ȼʺв͡
Ҳ̫ˣȫӵġ
ЩδĥҪҪóʦһţţҶĸʩʩȻڣϱ
΢΢һЦڡ
ҶĸŵĲ˲죬Цֻɫȴż⣺˵΢ϳ˺üηͷ
Ǳˡ
ƾΪ˭һ¾Ͳµõ
ֻ˵ˣҲû˻ţںֻںھҶҼ̳˵ųıֱѣҶ˵ɲ
ξ۲ͣҪҲΪѵ¡
ҶĸһᣬڳԵ۾ĿſϷɫ֮ǰײԭŮ·ԭùǼ¡
ͷãǱԼѡ
㻹жԼңҶеҶ͵͵Цһ
ҶĸҲЩؾĻش𣬳ĿֻǶϻ̳ϿֵĶϱһȴ
ҲЩ濴ϱŵһĻ
ӺһҶĸһϱ֪ЩӶԼ뷨ֻǺͳ˵ҪųΪá
ѽЩ̧ͷǸΪոһֱ˵Ѿ˵ˡ
ˣ
ȻǸ˿ɫ̵¡
ҶĸҲ˺ü룬Щҧ˵һû˵꣡ϱҶҲͷ˼ң޵Ǽ˵ΪǼҽҲܽҶϰգǲҪμӵΪá
ЦҡͷǸμӡ
Ҷĸɫ׺ˣҲˣֱĶҶУ
Ҷͬĸտ۸磬浹ùɩӣ費Ը
һοϱִҶ̾Ϣһοӣ˵㿴ĿֲãһֱαأҪҸͶʱĽĿϲϷȥϷҲа
ٴҡͷɻش⼸֣УҾμ
ԭҵشõķֱĿϴףӰأǵʱͲҵҵ
Ҷ΢ţͶĵܵܶһۣʮ־棬ɩȻҷ
Ҷɫ΢㲻ΪηҪϹִûɫѿ
ȻѾ죬һģֱòҳˣá
ת뿪
һû뵽ôʧ񣬽Ҷ˵ľ۲ͣҶ϶λأ
Ҷ̲סˣ
һ͸Сʾ˵
ҶɫҲˣҪ
顪һ죬ǵڴʯϵĶҶĸȣ׼ȥ
ҶнŲһ٣ͷͿ游ĸ͸ĸ˺ڳݣüһֻһͷۣԽԽˣ
һӶ߹ײֿԼҶ̧ȴֱһǳⶤԭػûüµΣֱӾ
۾ٿһۣɵĴٷˣ
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ֻҶ游ĸÿ¶۲һΣżʲôҲ˻һԸ
ΪѵĶ̫Ҷ̫̫Ĳ˽йôһ
Ӳ뿪ֱȥʱĳ˾ԣŮ˷ʵ
ǵòͳ׽Ҷһ죬ɢȥҪóʱˡ
أҶбķң绰Ҳ
˾µٷҪҾȿˡ
Ҷ죬ߵĳȥˣҵ绰
ʱӶѾ쵽Ҷк͸ļҡ
̲ס͸ӾŮˣոյĵ绰ӦµˣǷ޳ˣһ뿪һլ
ֻǡ
ӾƯŮֽС˫Ŀգüͷչһ˯ģôҲǸոպ˳ܵӰ
˾ߣ̧һ˫ӿ
˾ĪһϽƿĿ⣬濪
Ӻ󣬳ͣ¡
˾ٷˣˡ
š΢΢ף³
ԭϴŲʵ·һһˣЩ̫ʱû߸Ь³ʱ˽š
Ȼصһʱ˦ЬӣŻص䣬ŷ䡣
Сʱ󣬴˯µŮߵױǰžûлױԳ̬ľգ¶Цݡ
ÿһ
ƫƫΪӭҶ˶ׯ
ֻԭ˴˸绰֣㣬ҲμӽĿ
֣²ϹոոҴ绰˵㱻ܣμӽĿˡ


85  85 
Ц΢, ¶ֲ죺𣿿˵Ҫμӵģ֣㣬㻹ûĿ˵ɣ
ûأ绰һ¡֣˵
԰, Ц, ͺ, Ժҵ£Լû˿
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áЦеҪǽĿ鲻Ҫң͸һΥԼɡ
֣Ȼû뵽뵽, ˬͷǿ϶ġ
绰ҶϣҶеδ, ̵Цһ¡
ԭҶеĻӶ, ֶٲĵӰ, ҪҶе, Ҳ߲һ
һʼԭڲͣЭ
ε¡
Ҫԭĵ, Ļ᲻ԭͬ, ͸˴绰
Һ绰ȥ̽һ¡
վϣԭȥģΪ֪ԭººڣһҪֲɱͷѲܹصĽĿԭֱк
ΥԼôߡ
ԭΥԼҶ˸߿ֻں׵˵ûʧ
ͬΥԼҲĻ
Ȼûһִ֣绰ҺҴ绰ˣϹǱϵ˵첻ҪȥȥҲģ˵ҪΥԼǾ͸Ŀˣʮ㣬ҹ㡣
ѽ㣬ʱܳԸ緹
֣Цð
˸˵꣬ŰѱŤ£û򿪣Էţţ
ţͼҶɫڳվſڣҪŵַõոΪʲôҪߣ֪֪үү̰趼˶
ûǰһƣž˦ϡ
±ƵҶдͺü룬Ż/ͺˣ
ޱô򣿡
ҶŭסЩӣ˺üȣ㶼֪ˣ
ۿ
Ҷбòڣ򴽣͵ǵʱǳӲҪ֪ģҼͬǱͲ޳
ΪҼ޹ʱǾ͸֪йҾȦ
ǡҶкĲԣҲ֪Ҫȥ¼ƽĿ״¶ôصɫԽᣬҪļһ˵͵ΪҺ𣿴øһֱһҪ˾ˡ
ǵģҶȻΪСүүߣұʮ㵼ѾĬμ̳ˣҶҿɲֹһ
˦֣ȥǸҲίԼˣʲôڽʱ͸֪ҵܣҶУɡ
Ҷɫ䣬Ҳҡͷ㿪ʲôЦ֪㲻ˣֻҲˡ
ĮĿһ˫۾峺͸·ͷӳһųĴڡ
ҶбһǱǿŵǰġ
˵ǰʲô
㡪Ҷ˵ɻһǿȦһ˻ùܶ࣬ȻںԼ̸ʱԸСɫҲӲ͸¶Լѵ
ʱԼ˵ԲϷԸΪϲ
һȰŮԣԵʱŻῴģֻˡ
˵Цˣ̵ҴԴӽΪ㣬Ҽ˹Ϊ㣬ҸӽУֺĸĸܵãôҲˣͲˣΪʲô
ҶЩյʲôֺã㹫ţã͸ðİ
Цһѵ֪Ƕôҵģ΢Լϲ·Ҵ˵սսһ⻹ֺãѲҷϲ
ҶеͺһҪ˵ֵ̫˵Ϊ㣬ҵֿҵķԣΪһ£
ﴽһЦͬҲΪ˼޸㣬ֿҸĸӪŵĳЦѹΪûУƫƫ̶ȣļȴ̬ȣôڲίԼ˾ͲУ˵ɣĥˣ
Ҷн򴽣һʱҲĬˣûģ֮仹иģҲԶԶĵز
ֻ˵ĺܶʵҲ֪ܵøĸ˵ܶΡ
ȻǲԼӣ̬һû취
ʱҶеΣ̾ϢһҪôǸĿ¼һھͱΣĻҪȥ¼ƣº¹ûҪΪ˺ͰԿ󡣡
̬ȺˣЦҲˣֻɹִ˵Ҫ¼ƣ˾ɡ
飡ֻ˵𣿡ҶҲˣһԼҲֻҪѹֵУ㡣
תţȥʱšžһϣڰԵø
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ߵ棬һҶ侲һ㣬Щͷ۵İһͷһִ绰
һ绰ͨ绰ǱһŮ˵ˣи磬ôͻȻҴ绰ˣ
Ц⣬ֻ顣
ûһǰ׷׷ȥģ
Ҷһ³žƵؿڵõ滺Цôӭ
ûҾ϶£ȻҴ绰Ц뵱Ǻ޲ðֻأ
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Ҳû˸ߣֻٵʱʹ͵ĵֻŲȥ
ϴηֱʱС˵ֻǸˣԹԵĺá
ֻϴԼ˵ȴֹĻرܡ
ûˣ˫رܣɸĸ߶Ϊʲôϲģʺѡ
绰ǱĳĬһ£˵ͨжݵĿհס
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⣬źãҪ飬ֻĿǰûֵҪĵزոչ飬Ҷи⡣
ǾȽԭҵٷ־Ӱɡ
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Ϊ˷ֹҹҶлݣŷˣŰĵ˯һ
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һۣ˵һҹƣüͷһ£Ҫǵ¼ʱҲ
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Ҳкµ淨
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ǰϵ֪Ĵʱ䣬Ϳʼ׼ˣһļ˿ˡ
֣Щȵĳڣľۣ̾գԽԽˡ
Ц˾ϰˡ
֣±ȳһĴָһ֭һҪμڷڻü̫ˣ΢һݵҪ֪ܹҲʮ򡣡
μӰ϶ĵͷ֣µĵģѾ׼ˣҪ֣ϣʱ϶ܽ˵ķǻ
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Լķ˵ˣ֣¶ɣУ
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֣¸ɵ˫ݻһ·͵¼ƽĿĳС
ʱ˷ǳϲϷȦ꣬ĽᵽĻУֲѻǵһΡ
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Ҳɵһһͷ硢Ͻ㡢Ǻãϴʵڲ˼½½⣬ұ֤ٸϴһˡ
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ΪǸ͵ĽĿҺܶ˺ڽĿ󣬽Ŀļαǿڱõġ
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ԭĴڵСĻҲ޷ǵ͵Ϻȴڣʱһǣֲѣ
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Ŵ򿪣ɺܺڣԼֻһȣ˸ճȥӭһɫӰڻ谵¶ֱ


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۾֫£Сȴޱ飬۾磬˿¶һĨǳЦɿ֡
žડһˡ
Ʋס͵һУ
ڣ֪ΪʲôͻȻЦ


86  86 
еٴα
˶˿, ƽۼֿæס/żսӹ, ͷӽ, ͷųĺɼ, ױҲס԰׵ɫ
Ļհ˺һŻ֪Ϊʲô, ͻȻЦ
, ѾЦˣ
ЦʺˣͻȻָͦģ
ڰ칫ʱЦ, ͬʱڴ˵, Ѿһֱ, ̫Цˣ
Ϊû뵽ˣؼʱ̾Ȼôǿ
ոһĻķչ
һڸı־Ǻºڰ¹ģҶ亹ֱðͲˡ
ҲϺ, ǱαϴקŪߡ
͵ʧȥֱȤĹڶų⣬ҪûαҲԻ˳ֱҪӰһʱ䡣
ڶڶ²ûһ˰˵
֮ǰӾøжȺܸߵ·ˡ
һڴΪ֮ǰõ㣬ҲһƿһĽɫ
˭֪Ȼڹؼʱ̷˴ã
¸ҵһ, ֱӵ˵!
ֱһȺͬŵĹڣ
ҪһܻôȤɾͷǰԵĿ, ڷ, ƽ϶Ƿɳ۶Ĺ״/żŵöҿ, ȴӲǿסˣһ
֮ˣͷĿ˵ģǴŻĹŷװӺ͹
ʼӳֵ£ֵ֪ΪڽǰһǿЦĲֵ¶յ۾ԼޱԵø
ͻȻ֮䣬˹
״˵Ц㣬ֲ֧ͬʱҲºڰ¹һص֪
һ룬Ƕͬ顣
ô£Ȼȥץ
Ѳ֮ǰ̫˽˱ƳǱ
ڵĻ׷ʱͷҲˣصƽǾͲ£ȻǽϻŸúѪͼС˿˶ٿڶۣɶ׼ļα˵ֱСƣ
̫ˣҿǶɹˣŵòУο
һ쳸ŵͷο䣬֮ǰ˵֤ϴһ˽ѵˣٰõʲô
˻ĺ£ɫҲöˣֱǿһЦ˵ܼ򵥣սԼͬʱͣԼҲûãҪ棬ҲȥʱиڸңҪץסͲŻˣ
˵סڷ֣ЦԽãҳɹ
ԭֻμӹһڣ֮СҲûĿ֪Ŀôģһɡ
ԭһԿ־壬Ψдܼߡ
ѡ֣˭֪Ȼˡ
ǵķӦһӦñֺܺá
Ļۣ
ԣץסһмֱˣ
ݹҲû뵽ǻôҵƵĿأЦʺˡ
ƾǶʮǰõĵưɣߺţȻһޣݺݾ
ҲЦˣһ˵̫ˣҿȻҧӲţϴ¼ƽ϶ȥѵԼ˰ɣ
ͷû취ϺҶҪˣ
ƽŹޣ泯ǣͷܰˣҪһ£ǿ϶Ҫޣû׼ҪһغһСʱҲƵĿأ
һ쳴Ĵֱָӳˣ
һЦһŬģ
Ļ⣬ȻˣͬҲˣԭԼ˽Ŭ
ͻȻЩ˼ȥ֮ǰĻɾˡ
ʵҲͦģֲǾĿµϺȵĻͦյġ
ѽոһĸЦҿˣôһ˼΢ϣѾѡ
ɣҪܱȥǲĺء
Ļ˵˵ֱȥˣֻǱһʼҪöˡ
ֻҪֺǣֻҪϺȣ󲿷ֹڶǿݵģһڸֵߣʱͦ۵ġ
*
ڶһȣΪѾˣǰһصǽµĹѪĴ˵һأǽѾû֣ҪȥȴҪѪ롣
˿˰죬Ҳûҵؼ֮ʣһʹײǽ顪
£ȻЩ£ȴѾȫѹƱܵȻȵȡ
˿Ź޵ƽ۾һӣ㿴ɶˣ
ָһײǽĵط˵пյģ̫ԡ
һ쳿˿Դײһ£飡ײ۵ŤĶͷûʲôѽ
ҡͷеģȷʵԣӦǿյģǰãǽ
Ϊһڸ˾ı֣һһûùھܸ㶨ŹȺܸߵĸһ쳿ĺ˵Ķͷ󣬶ⲻ
Ҫôװ𣿲ľ̥ǣ
ҼҸȴȵģ۰ĳЩ˲ͱ˵Ǻǽ𣿡
srds֮ǰǲͬ𣿡
ǸҾͦģɣ
ϲɺأһ·˰æ˵ˡ
һֱֱΧ۵֣¿ĻϲͣĸֵĻ϶һĨοֿڽѡץڴӿ֡
ֻҪסǰĳ̶ȣο϶һŤת˵ӡ
ͷԼ꣬תͬԴҾж
һΪѵǲܱƻ
ǽĿҪ󣬷ƹأĿʧȥܶ࿴㡣
ɫ棬һһǿѹԼ±ܵСԲǻΪ˱Լˡ
˵ʲô֡
̲ס¿˱ڻյģܾԼʲôʱƽҲԣҲûߡ
ߣ
Ҳû˵ոǸйߣ
۾һһ쳡
ƽŹޣ£ֻһ쳿ԡ
һǾˣ˵Ӧûȥá
ȵţ֮ǰҲûô£߽ȥҿ˿ڽ￴һӡ
Ļдӣ
ǰɣ˰ɣ
ǲǽĿ鿴һ̫ˣ½ĿûԸ͸ˣ
ڣոոһײǽòԾģ£ݲôȻġ
Ҳһ˵Ϊ־ȡ
ǽˡ
£żӲޱȵǽھѾ俪£ŷֹȻԾﻹи䣬ֻ俪ĵطţǴ
ҵڵĵطһ쳼䡣
ʮӺĳǰһûţ
Ļ濪ˣ
ݸҵİɣ
үᣡˣ
ɵ²ʱһѾûţŵ򿪣ϤĺڰϮ
һ󾪻ŵĽģѸٱסǰŮ
ƽҲɿ֣ܵѰůͬʱĺôͻȻˣûֵģ
ܵĺ£죬صںûһ˫/վıֱȴڲ
֮ǰöˣ屾ܵķӦ˱
ĻúҪ廻˸꣬һνĿҪֵˡ
һΨһȵסģǿĵܣ±£ûµģǺڰϰˡ
ȻһִĻǡڡˡ
һ쳣˭˵
Ļĸɣ
ӿֲˣ
͸ֱǿԿģʽȻǺҲܿü˭˭ͷûжĵˣ
ֱĹڵһֻñģڱѿ˸ֱӱѸǵͷˣ
̫ˣ
Ĭ˱һӾֵļУԲۣ
Уһ쳻ں˭ֹ˰ÿ°ҸоҸ첲
𾪿ֵʲôû˵ˣ
ƽϱҲû
һ쳸ˣѽ˭
ֻôĻش𣺡ҡ
žડһˡ
ȫˣ
ڿֱҲŵĹˢˢɣ֣ˣ
ǿСţ
лոˣӴҲˣ
۸׳Ȼȥƣ


87  87 
ĳ
ҶнһȺѺȾơ
ھư˰ȵûȥ, ˸Ƶ˯һ
ȥѾһˡ
ȻѾȥ¼ƽĿˡ
Ҷֱ뷨ûУֻзķ, ȥ¼ƽĿ, Ҫ, ֵַ죡
ֻԼϲһΪʲôôѣ
Ҷǿȥ˹˾ͷ, еķ, ѳ档
ҶеͬĿһһĺƾƣֲù, ֻܰæƣȵȵ㣬˵һǧ𣿡
ҶҾ۲, һҶ, ǰ뿪´Ҳš
Ҷһûϱڣίı治ǲϲϱϱʵûϲĵط
ܺ޹˼ɵĽ͸¶ȥҶҲίĸߴ, ϱǲϿɣܺԼҶߵ
ҳ󲻿΢ӵĶϱ϶ðæš
һʼͲԵӣ̲סʲôãɴֱ˵Ҫô, Ҫôҵ
Ҷе˵ˣҪô, Ҫô
ˣ
û뵽ͨͥŮ, һ, ŵ˵֮ǰǻֺͦ飿
Ҷ򴽣֪
֪Է᲻ãֻ᲻á
ݻ࣬ģҲԸ⡣
ķӦͲµȥ˵ҪǸɴѾͷһðôŪô£
˵꣬Ե˾ø첲ͱͱҪ˵
Ʋ죬һֱûģȻڿźǸ˾ҵСӼã˫ʵҶвࡣ
ֳìˣ˿Ҳòȥ
ҶͬҲͲ˵ˣЩ̣ɴȥ˭֪ȥûһͿĴϵˮ顣
ףСЩĴк
۾һʵģô⣿
ЦЦѽ
ðҲ⣬ߣǰһȥ
Щȥҡҡͷ𡭡
飬ûȷӦ˾ѾϽȥ
漸˵ЦȾƵѰһӰˡ
Ҷвʲô̧ͺЩ޴Ŀϡ
ͬʱ££ߵ鷢ЦһһкǶѽ
šҶ΢΢ף
һϷҶ£Ц˵ЩһȺ˽ˣҲŮӣ԰æ
ǺðɡıʢŪ޷мܣ߾ҶУ˼ЦЦи磬Ϊ·գ
ҶһûУµķˡ
ţԴӼͷ䣬ЩƮҶеļͷֻ˶û
Ҷһβ˵̫ˣҡ
ôԴǾܾģ绰ﻹã濴·֮ǰƯ࣬࣬ЩڿڣֻǸ˱ƣ˫
Ҳ׷ʣžͱһһڣһ˫ζ
һԿţЩ˿ǺþûģȻûʲôرķӦ
ӲͣתţҶʶĵĺãģôϲҶУֻҪҶлͷԵֿˡ
Ȼ뵽Ǹ¼ƽĿʱ
ϸʱͱѡ
ոҶзյľǸҪμӵڶε¼ƣҶ˵Ĳˣˮ׼Ҽμӿֲѣֱ͵
Աһڸң
еģˢ΢ȡ
ûҲ⣬ЦŴֻ΢ȥȻѵһǣֲ
ȶȻС
Ҳȥڼ͵һҶУûעߣЩŵһŲŲ壬Ҳûעѵȥ΢ֱ֣ӴƵϷġͶӰ
*
ֱֻܿӷĴĻϡ
ȾƵļҲע⵽ˣʲô
СʲôҪ裬ôŪͶӰ
ڨЦСĵˣȻȻ˵ţȴֱĻϵš
ܿƬγ֡
һǿֲѵıҹӱ£ĸαųһӴһںڵķȥ
ͶӰģʽûеĻģҲ֪ʲôĻǽڳ˵߶ĺҶС
ĿĻһȵףɩӵĽĿѽ
˷׷׾һ۾Ŀ
ҶпһĻһ¾ϳڵڶľǸɫˢѿص
һ£⼸ˣϴҶУƽϰģֻһⲻԸЦ𰡣ǾͿôСɩӶǿһۣ
Ҷп뷨ȻҲ˸ҪμĿˣǷޣʱ򱻿ЦҪ
˭ֱ֪һȣһƫͷֱϣȰĿ˿ģҲûã̹Ȼһɡ
Ҷɫ˱䣬ûп
ķɣļüŪһЦţʱĻѾŵ³Ĺޱһ߲ٿųǷ˹ʱ
ҹģʽ£һĻӴ̼ˡ
˻ڳ˾һЩֵĺˡ
ĸ˶ʶһ߼һ߱ͷ¡
ĻȴΨһûµǸƵѲɵˣ
Ҫɵ˾ͺðˡ
Ҳ˾һ£ڴСº¹һѾ㹻Ǳһû뵽־ô̼Ҫ˰ɣ
ҶпһĻԽŨƵıԴ
һԲۣ
ˣ
Ȼץסˣ
еڴΪ㵣űӵֽ˽
Ҷͷ΢תͷͿסǹ޵һĻҲһȻЩ塣
Ȼסˣ
û˷ӦĻһȵһطϣƽŹޣųɶӣһš
Ÿմ򿪣ƺˡ
ҹģʽٳ֣ͬʱһĵǡڡˡ
ԲۣŵüƤˡ
ĻҲŵñһţֱֲһ쳣ɵˣʱһͷָĶҵ߶йȥͿڰУΨһ˱ŵٶһˣȴſơ
һ쳵ľּУ޴Ļشƽ±ƵĽͣԼһ쳶Ҫˣÿ˶̲ס˰Ѻȴ̲סֵòУֱƴ򿪣ôҿǰʲôһˣͬʱҲһڵļα
һЦָĻϣ˵и磬ɩųſƣոһ˲䣬Ҿǿɩһˣ
Ĩ˰Ҳһ̵ĸǾǣҪǼάźڰиαֵ˵Ҫˡ
ĻЩζ򴽣ǱſЦġ
ЦûɣŪɳ׾ɣ
С͵Ȼľͳ˳
ֻոɫ̫õҶѾȤĿĻոջЦŵĲ֪ʲôʱɫ
ߣ㶣Цˣ˵ҶŵˣɩĻ£ѹֻẦˡ
Щͷŵͷе
ǰǰڿѾ¸ˡһֵܵͷ۾ѾһգգĿĻЦݣ̫ЦˣǶˣȻʹɩȵס
ĻһعһأƣԺڰץǵnpcαֻӴΨΪ£ܵ÷ɿ죬⼸ԶԶ˦󣬲ûֱһһϻ
ƫƫԼҲ£˵ȰȫˣֱӱΨһŮվվֱ
ЦõİοҲЦĻǰһȺˡ
ֻЦЦţΪҶкģԸйٲôõˣ̲ס
ĺ¾Բװģ̫ʵˡ
ȴһδǿſ־˺Ц̲סۡ
ҲֺЦ֮ǰųζЦ
ҵĿڣЦ˵ºˣ֮ǰлȥĿǰ챻˵һģɩӶˣȥĿαչչˡ
ҲҪȥѾĿ꾪ϲ
ĵͷѽһͦµġ
ҶɫѾ׻ͣ˼ã㵨ӿɴˣƵʱ򻹵Ҫչɩӡ
ҿɲҴƱĵƤһЦҳҲһˣأˡ
װףģҪȥһֱ
ǾллĻͷһЦ뿪䡣
Źϣɫٴλָոóֻл˴˸绰лܣҲҪμӽĿ
ֲ͸Ŀϱֵҫۣ
*
ֱС
ԭȵһ˳ֱѾתΪ佱
ĿʱݿϵЦⶼࣺ¼һɺܶ࣬ҵʲôؾ𣿡
ĻҲɵЦݣ´ŷʽȹŮ˼ûе죺ѽǾֱ־壬ΨҲܿ˷㿴ҴӽĿʼĿӦ˺ܶࡣ
Ȼڰ»ǻẦ¡
ӲһƬհס
ı޷ֱĨȥȴһ־һδԹ󣬻ᷢʵҲô־塣
ǲһ䣺ҵرԿЩ־ȵܻ֮ģͲҪǿп˷ⷢ
ɷλŮݣҲƫƫĿÿζھжȹԵ˷־Цݸ͵͵˸Ĵָ⡣
ǲֱģʱƬһȥ
˵Ⱥɽͳȥжױˡ
ص·޷һѵû֣¹æСɹˣ
ֱȴӿ־͹棬һûбѣȶȶʵġ
Ȼһʼ֣ӪţɺӪſȶȣæġ
һϵѣʱ֮ǰʧ˿Ѿ̶ʱ˲˵˺ü
䴽֣ˡ
֣Цֹס԰ڰ֣˷ܣ࣬ҿɿˣҸ˵СʱǰиݵĴ绰ˣ˵ԣҾܾˡ
ɴδˣÿζëԼʱٱܾĿܡ
ϧݴ̫ͶˣҶҲӡ
ʧЦҲû˵ʲôԭȱǮûҪԣڲһڣȺĿ˷˿־壬ЧãʱĹʵġ
·մӸҳǰЦȥúóһѹѹϴ㱻Ųûȥȥȥ
֣һĶͷ˵Сȥ֡
ովϲ̫˵
ڶϰ˵㣬ɻȥһڣҶ賿һˣûʱȥ۲ˡ
ţżҶôõûû£´پҲɡ
֣㣬˵һûʱ䣬ʲôֱҡͬһ䣬ǰ֣ЦãպΣҲҪѹѹˡ
Щģ治Ҫ
뿪ֱʱѾ²꣬ҲһЩҪҴˡ
˻һ㶵Ŀ
ͬĻ֣£ô͵Ҫĵزأ
۾һð
С˾ȫʮߣΨиһʮߵģҪ˾רҵԼҲ׬Ǯ
룬ϴ绰ȥ
绰ǱҶͷ
֣ɫɩûʱ䣬Լ䡣
Ҷ˵Ҿ͸״
֣ٲ֮ǰһЦ㣡
Ҫ˻㣿
δڸִܵҶ
ɩҪ찡


88  88 
ʮʮ
պ, Ҳǿֲѵڶڲӡ
籾²Ŀֻһ뵽һڵû, ήˡ
ʵ, Ǹķ˿
һηŮǸĵһ 磬ʮСé®, һǽԭ׵ľǴһУ԰Ů, ʱľ˲ˡ 
Ժ͹עŮ
˵Ҳɣϲľ磬ܿݵӰ
ÿɫͬ, ȴһûϷ
ʼЩ󣬾ͿʼգȻֻڵӾʵоȻҲڵĺۼƵġ
һרҵŮһ÷糹׷, ע΢ʱʱȥ, 
ֱһǰš
һʼЩþɵȿ޵, ־Ӧ氮ӪŷһЩµ£ܿЩ˵²۸ݽӰ
ǰʱ˵Ҫμӿֲ, ʱǾϲ, ֶԪƱڵԪĸо
λҪ
֪˺Դȴû֮ǰҪŰ, ţ
ʱܶ˻֪, ֻǵͼƬڹٲʱ, ö˶˵Ҽ
, ʶ
xxߣ
統ʱΪˣһϽ³ˣЩкøе·˾ͻ᲻ٹע
ڵȵǰֲѿ
²Ĵֱ˭֪ȴһֻ޺µߡ
һڣµüС
ż/żֱӶڵһ
Ҫڵ뿪Ļڣɨ˵ıӲ϶
ˣֲ
ͷΪ˺죬
ܷ粻ԸţһڲҲ̶õȴòţȫûǵԼͲμһĽĿ
Ϊ˿ʧʧϷϲϷԸٿ˷ӵò
һż죬ںĵˢƵȻһЦ̫Цˣ
Բۣ
һüڸйǿˣ̲סʣ㿴ʲôôЦƼһ£
ֹסЦ˵ǿֲѰҿСƵҪҷ㣿
ҡͷҪˡ
ٺЦֻҪһ뵽£ЦŮһʼ͸ģĴô󣬵Ŀҿˣε۾֪ĵ޴롣
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ƲƲ죬СƵ
ȻһҹģʽµƵǰһ£Ϸдţֲѡĸ֣ûеһʱ仮ȥ
Ļ£ŶҪһ䣬˭֪Ÿմ򿪣ƺȻϨˣʱαǾ
һͣе㱻ŵҲãžһĵ˵
һҪߣͿƵƮ֣ǰܣ¹ϿȪˮ
˶ûлߣţͼһ쳾ʧ˵ɹαŵҲĻ³ʲô⡣
žડһƿˣȻֹСĸűߣָմӿŲĻأҡ
磺ӺЦڴϣݣ
һڴϴһ۾ĻȻֵֶǸ
һĪľϲϯȫǶԼҺûڴˣ˸һٷֻһ̹дżֲš
Ҳ࣬ʮҲжʮתǲ٣˵죬ڸһСĳϣ
һǣСžң
ԲۣˣΪnpcװ
ߵ²ȥˣʿĿ࿴ˣ
ŬϴųһӲǿס˿־壬ҲûϺȣҪͿϰˡ
ˣ̫ˣ
翴ĸЦ۶һ飬٣󲿷ֶǶĿ佱Цøˡ
Ҳ͸˽˲ֱ
ʱٿ²ŵƵٴλعڵĻÿˣãҪһ£֪ԭôŬ
꣬Ҳû˳СƵ㿪㽶ƵҵֲѴ򿪿
ſţҲ͸һЦ
*
ϣһ˾۲͡
¼ƣһϺȣڶδǵЧʣҵƵĿأƻ»ܰæգòر󣬵Ҳ١
˴Ҷ̬ȶܺˣϵʽһЩ֮
ȥƵ·ϣ֣»˵ǶɱǴˣùϵԺеǺô
֪ЦĿǰôûô£
֣ȻǰҾ÷
˵ᣬȻϷ˸ճʱݹҪɫ󲿷ֽɫСǣ󣬲ϲʣºͶԷһ飬޷һϵ
Լ˵ģְ֣οȻһҲûõʲôҾҵıǿˣǺ£㳤úÿݼҲãֻҪӪܻġ
ЦЦԭҵĲǿҲֻǰ״ܹԼ͹ˡ
һξȷʵˣҪԼҫۣ˲С
Ҳչ¶˷â
˲Լͬո顢ԼҶԺ󣬻ؾƵ궩˸˫˼䣬ϴˮ裬˯ˡ
ڶڴϣ˵֣㣬ϵóʦ
֣·Ĥһ٣ʦ飿
ġͷ
ã죬Ҹ׵ġ֣ͷ
Ȼ󣬿Ȧô꣬ôЩȦʶó˾ʦɲ١
Ӧˣ𴲡
죬쿪ʼҪˡ
Աɲܵģάһõġ
ʮ࣬յԭҶеļңûſڣͱҶ¸š
ݵĴСϳ˵Ҫȥ֣͵ȥ
շЦȷ
ȷҶͷü㣡
֣ѵҪ𣿺αӦ̣
ȻӪû¼ʹٺҲ˵һ˵ƯŮǼܹ㷺۵¡
֮ǰΪӦҶŹָźƵģûٱӪĵƬ
ϸѣӪǰóţһǳ
ҡͷʾ˵Ա˯ˣ˶һ£֣£һ£ֱϳˡ
Ҷǿճǣ㣡
õġ˾ش𣬺ܿ쳵
ǿճݳƷҲǹгûĵط
ܿ쵽˵طʱ仹磬ȹһٳԷҶ̳һʱȥľһ鱦꣬鱦˿۾ҲգĵͷҰ
õģԵһ¡ԱüЦĵͷðװȥ
Ҷ֣ͺãȥһҡ
˵ŲŸ߸ЬŲ뿪
ֻǲԱסԱΪѵС㣬˵˭
ɫЩ֣հҹ˿ֲѣӶǸ˵ĳλСûˣΪʲô˵
İ
Ҷ㶣󣬹ȻˣԼԼеԱûбˣһĸ֪ȥˣ
ɫ΢䣬Ѹٳһͼڸһĵһʲô
ԻͷһЦѽôģ
ҶЦ˸ʶ͵ۣʲô䣿ҹ֣Լ䣡ȥҵţĶᰡ
񾭲˸ֲۣѾߣᶫ
Ҷ
ŵĿǰˣûҵһʵİͳ͸ǮȻһҡ
ҶըˣգŲһصߵߣҧвŲھ͸Ҹ绰˵۸㣡
򣡡üͷһʾ򣬽ſһҵЬӡ
ԭΪӭҶ˵ϲã󲿷ЬӶ˸߸Ьϲ쿪ʼô˶Ь
Ҷ֪޿ֻ֣ͳûȥҪЬӣֱӽЬˣʲôԣҹ֣Լ䣡
ɫˣʱһĵԱģ
ԱʶָŲԶһط
ֱۣסҶǱȥ
ſҶֱԣŬ
ֻսȻ㶼һ·ı䡣
㣬˻ͦģǳֵĽ˶Ŀ
Ҳ˰ϴ̨ǰ
ҶʼˣøҪִȻŶ֣ļһʱо飬ûӦˮһˮϡ
࡭ҶŵüһӴˮֻûɸһ죬һˮֱͺͱǻǺˮˡ
Ĳ
ȿȿȡҶҿԼ£ɫţһҪԲˡ
вĻû˵ֱ꣬ˮ
һβǸ֮ǰһӭˮֱڽˮУϢıϮ
ͻ˵˻𣿡
Ҷ


89  89 
첻Ӫŷ¡Сӹֲì, Сӻʪ͸ʵȡ
翴ʱ, ںˮ, ȿĿۣȿȿȡ
ŵֶһ飬ȷʵԼ˼, һʱ侪ˣԹ, ôˣ
֮ǰÿοţֺúȺ˵һ
ȻһֱŸֺΪ飬ϹֵһЩǶġ
ɼʹҲı䲻Ҷҵλߵʵ
Ȼڡ
㿪ͼƬһһȥ
ȻûͼƬ, ǵȻǺܸߵģһ̳רŸġ
Ҫ¸ȶȻͦġ
ںҲǺ찡ֻҪܹ־͹ˡ
ǰƬǸҶƬƬʼˡ
Ƭ˵ʱĴ磬ͦÿ, ҶţһרŻױ, գƯȴѵ, ֵŵС
ƬǸҶͼ
žӡ
һһͷ·ȫʪˣ۾졢Ӻ, Ǳ, , һ׵ľ롣
ڰŵھŶͼƬ, ֻǽǶȲͬ, ҲֵܹĸоҶǰı仯Լҵӡ
ֻЦ, ֻЦЩģôͻȻǿӲȻСͦģԼûô
㿪ۣͿһһ
üһȴͦõġ
αίȫںţ
Ϊ˰һЭֵ̫ˡ
ٿۣy1s1һ¿˧͸֮ǰίԼɿˣ
̫Цˣˣ
˷ˣ̫ǿˣ
ǰøǼţڿ϶ǣҪţɷ͵ԶֻЦ˵ᣬѵСӰ
һЦɵĸоϲ˱ҲϲˣȻҲ²۵ģʹñӰ첻á
ɹûĵҶµˣȴû֤ݣʲôõӰ죿
ʼ磬ת΢ɵƯ
ܿ#С#һʱķֱͣǰš
ԽԽ࣬оͰġ
ʱΪ
ҶϲϱӾе£ֻһһȾŮݵȥˣҶҲϲɫӶĹۡ
ȤĵȥǿЦ
ֻǵȿݺǵЦʧĻ
Ҷ֣
ĿݣȻûֱգǽǰҶǱĶԱȣܿ˭ˡ
óֻҶĵ绰
һͨԷ˵Ľ㣬ء۸ңҰˮء
Լˡ
򴽣ôѽɩӲǶͦõ𣿡
ŲɩӣҶķ˵ءҲãһ㶼ãˣȻң˵Ľ㣬´ҲҪμӿֲѣһҪȫЦõһֲŵҶ
εѵġ
ˣҶֱ׳ãɲ֪ܰ𣿲ȻԺҾ͡ôвһ뵽ԼѣϲҶˣ١
ĻδǱҪû취ֻ˵ãҲ
ĽˡҶ
ƤЦⲻЦĻأ㰡ûʲô¾ͺãȹˡ
ҶƺЩᣬҪ˵øù£ֻǶԷѾˡ
ˮѼע⵽ɫ͹һȣѯʵôˣ
æҡͷϲȻϲΪҶǱߵһѾⱲѹˣûʲôϳʲô
һЦһ롣
*
ѵҶֻˡ
ÿһ绰ҶϣθɴڣԺ󲻻ϵˡ
صԭҶеļ֣ԿףȺ򣬵ȴڼҲϵš
ڵʱЧ̫ˣ˻ûң̳Ƿ֪ˡ
˻ææʹչȥˣȻ£ҪִˣԺڹǰɲý
̶ᱻ²ۣ˵ˡ
ûµģ˭֤ݣ
ǿճĵطıܼҲǺܸߵģڽѵҶʱҲעˣȻЩҲڿ֣ûֻġ
棬ĵҶҵӣ֤
֣¼ô̬Ҳȣ˵ǣʵĺˣֱϴ֮ǰһڵ㣬ɹû˵ˡ
ŵ
ΪڲǷǳģԹܺӡѲСӣ߶˿žͱģҶߺһǳֱֵ
иոڿֲѵСȴ¸ҵֱӳȦҶˢǰݹĵӾҲ˿ţиȻ˾
Ȼ۲٣
΢˵ʮ򣬹˾ķ˿ʮ򣬼һʮ
ǰ˲٣һٲǷʮ򣬶һˡ
ȶȣǷѾˣɾѹֱȻͻһ
ɹӱʮߺһСˡ
ŬŬû׼ֱӵߣ
֣µļ򣺡ˣĻ
֣¸ɾʮ㣬һ㲻⣺ֻĻˣҾͲˣרŸԽĹ
ǺáЦˣʵҵʰ𣿡
ʰһ룬ЩǵԼ֣ҡͷݿȥ
ڵϵ䣬װһ룬аţԭҶеķһ£·࣬ڴͷĻɴҸЦݶ¶ֹ¼š
ۣԭһƬֽ֣ɴһˤ
۵һ֣һͿ˵ĻɴձˤڵذϣĬĬ˳
ȷʵ̼ܴ
һºӷϵŮˣйˡ
һСʱװ˸ã֣һǰһҪȥ
մţվһɫѿꡣ
ҶУ
ҶɫѿˣǴ±ԼŭһԼ֪ĻңҪʲô
֣ɫ΢䣬ʶķӦ
ЦЦȽóȥҵȻ
á֣µͷ
ţҶвÿȥˣʹ󲽽ݣ͵عţָ䣬ɫҧгݵʲô˼
&
һСʱǰҶлڹ˾¡
ĸõĵ绰һһĴ֮˵۸
ԭţֱǽĵƬֻϡ
Ǽͼòš
֮ǰӱˡ
ϿʼͳױˣһֻǱøˡ
һеҶʧǰҶΪ˵ûֱֲһѣȻʲôģɶҶ˵Ҳòȥ
һүү̶û绰ֱͨĸǱߴǵ뷨Ҷвòһٽͣ߹ϵ
ŸֻһʱǿҲ֤Լ
ʵЧ
Ҳĸٵȵȣٿһӣ۸ѣ޷ˡ
϶Ƿˣ
˲ĳ̶ȣ
ٻص֮ǰҶģ޷ԼֻԼһʲôλá
ڵſɲǣЩίΪʲôͲԼŮһ
ǵȢģǲǾͻͥ޹ϵҲܺã
ǲѡ˲ʵĸ
ƫƫҪȥ˶Ūþƣ
һ򿪣ҶеķŭͲⶼˣʰҪ뿪
ʶ㣬ֻʣίͱߡ
మĲ
еʹͻȻüƽ˺ɳ̸
Ҷע⵽ɫ䵭Լ侲·֮ǰİⶼһ/ҹ֮ɢģʱоɳƣŲԾĻɳȻ󱣳ֳĬ
ҿڣȻйڵͷйƬ̵ĶɵҪʱЩ֮Ժˡ
ΪȢҶи̫࣡
ȷʵƽΪǰ˲ԭıΧڣ˵ͺ壬˼ҶУѾʺϵˣɡ
ܣҶҧ治Ϊʲô飿
Ҳգĸǽ飬ΪΪļ˶ˣȻǲǡ
ۿҶɫ΢ڣڻҪĸĸүү̣ǵķԲƮƮһ仰Ӱǵķ޹ϵǲϲңǴ۵СȫλĲϲΪһ޷ǵˣȢϲˣޱĿܡ
ҪΪίҵļͬƲ𣬽еμ棬ÿλȥǶһԼǮ޷Ǽ࿴ΪǸҲˡ
ĸĸǰҷԣִҪȢǶɿˣΪӺͶϱٰˣ͸Ͽˡ
Ҷеĸĸȴǣ
ǿ˻Σ
ֲǲ飿
㲻飬Сȶϱá
ܲĴĺҶС
ֱвԻ·
ԭ뿪ȦӣٿǼ֮ķ׷ţÿЦƣ˿Ҳһĸܡ
Ҷɫ˱䣬һ˫ֽסָף˫־΢΢¶ĵĲƽ
ϣɲòϣ˵ǶԵġ
మģҶ૵
ɫѾҡ˲𣿡
ҶгĬ
״ţʱɳϵʹԴһ
ò뷨е²ۡ
ˣȻûãԭҲϡˣûϵ
*
ҶоԼۡ
ۣĵۣȷʵҡĵĸıֲǽеļദУɳܵӿ죬ƲסҪע
ûΪ֪ԼϲĻǸ
ڸȴһҪȥʲôĶûˡ
ֻʣ°ûԼ
˵ûԼ޷Ҳ
˺һûյҶлظҶĸ绰̶ҶһӦ˸ֺðһͨ˵绰衣
Ҷĸŷ͵ĵһʱ͸˵绰ֻǱܽˣըˣԼıŮСûôһƣϱ۸ˣתͷ绰ӣҪøǸ˰СʱȻûظԼ绰ˡ
㻹֪/谡ôϱ绰ϴ򣿡Ҷĸ
۰ˣɹȻӦǾϻϱöˡ
ҶЦôᣬⲻٸѾ֪ˣ裬ȷʵùˣϾɩӣ
㲻Ҳô򰡣Ҷĸ֪ô۸𣿰ˮҪʱ˵㣬Ϣô죿ҶУǸ
衭Ҷлһ¡
ڸҪԼˣ
˵˵ĸֻͬ⡣
ҶĸûԭԺҶҲϱ
Ҷиոձ˵һʱĸ׵Ļһʱø˵ûĸôǿƣΪ϶޷ʱһ棬ǰҲûϱһôǵģôģ裬һʶ𣿡
˵žĹ˵绰ֻоϵļһЩ
绰ǱߣҶĸšཡʾͿ˷۵ֱˣ͵ؽֻˤȥܻ淭ˣ


90  90 
̫, ᵽ֣ķļҲ绰ˡ
ҶҵŲͬԭļС, ѯµ˭Ƶ, ѹʲô˵˵ۼȻûǮҲ, ǲˣ
Ϊĸף˽ԼҺӵġ
ºͣԲµġ
ܱƵҶ֣ҶĴֻԼҹŮʱ, Ҳ˵ʲô
裬Ҳ, ֻ, ͲˣûҪΪһˣίԼ԰ɣ
ʵ˵ԭԼίˣΪĸĸ˶۰, ͬ˲ί
ί, İ飬Ҫã
ֻ˵, ԭĸƻҪΪǵ·, ǻѹ
ʱ˵ίԼ, ĸһ, ûش, 绰Ǳԭ׸һ䣬˵˵˼䣬绰ƽ˸
Һһ

Һ/ûϢÿ㣬£Լͺãھͺã֪𣿡
ĸ״̲ס˵һ䣺ʵҾͦõġ
죡ҳһӵĻӰŮ/ģǴ£費ԣҲϣ㽫ڡ
ģˣ˼ǵĽҺ֮ǰĲֻǼõĽ
Ǿͺá
оԭĸƺһЩҶϵ绰ûסЦһ¡
ʵҶΪźá
ԭҲ
֣¼绰ʵϳʲô
ʲôȥˡЦе
֣֪պãζǹ壬ԸЦˣĵȥҪǴＹŹǡ㣡
û⡣󷽵ͷ֣ѸţˣԭıʼǱƱ
ڹлụ̂һĵͼһ
һĿţовģһϣҪϢһ·̣źϵԣ֤ϳš
ԭҪҫۣɵǵݣǲġ
˵ƯĸŽ㣬Ǹ
*
Ҷ
һݿݳҶеǰ
˼ǷϵĿ೤ʱ䶢ŵԶʹ۾ƳĶһʲô
Ϊǰĸף칫˾·һӶæµˣ´Ǳأһ̶ʱ佹ͷöƣ
׼ʱ°࣬ż˵ٲˣӶ˹Ρ
һͶ;ͷۣĪµĹ
ҡͷ֪һʦģǸ˵ġ
ǾǸ޹ˣ
ҶиҪɿԺ͸ֳ˵飬ɫ΢䣬Ѹٽݴ˺ߵûá
ȻӴ򿪣¶һĵ
ٴ򿪣ļͷȻǼ֣Э顣
黹ûߣÿ⼸֣ƤһٿӰ칫ҳȥ
ѽѽ
ǰҶеֵǹ˾˶֪һܲò㱻ˣΪ˺һ
һ˲ĵã˾֪ŮְԱĽֱͯһ֡
û뵽һԣҪˣ
ҶпļðĲ²õ֤ʵݺ׹/䣬ҵǼһᣬ۾һ¡
ȻЭ飡
ûһ˰ɡ
ֲ绰绰ܿͨϤİڶ𣺡ǩˣ
İ·ֻһİˡ
Ҷۣľô
֪ô˳ʱǸպÿҵΣʱҶжԭиģеĥάĮĻأҪҲҲԣΪ֮ǰҵ̬ȵǸ
Ҷˣ챻ѵίһٴ֣ըˣ̲סʵǸǸҪǸǱҲҪǸأô죿
ĬƬ̣ŵѵ벻ͨƲɼã̰ĳô죿һ£̰ľͺ˰
Ҷ죬֪˵ʲô
ЦһôˣãҪǮҪңĵʵǲܡ
Ҷ۾һ˵ûɻڴˣһشȴɵڴ
̵ǾһȨߣܹ벽ҶУõ𣿡
ҶⰵȥЦһҪô𣿡
ԡͷ´ǩϵҡ
˵˵绰
ҶĿϨֻĻֻֽ˽ãЭ鿴
ȻûҪʲô
ôģô뿪
Ե˿Ц
·һ㲻ֵ
Ҷٴδֻһβĸ׵ĵ绰绰ܿͨûĸ˵һҪˡ
ҶĸȸԾˣģˣ
ҶйִҲ飡
ҶУҶĸĺһ֮ǰҪһͬˣ㿴ĺΪȫ䲻ҶϱݣֻҶҵĵΣֵõʲôô
ҪûǣǺܺʵģҶпЦģ
Ҷĸ㻹ûܹѵ
衪Ҷл˵һ䣬ҶĸѾˣӲǳ軵ˣ֪ûҶңʵʲôǣ͹ˡ
һЭġ
绰һιҶϡ
Ҷ뷨ȥˡ
ĺ޼ŭͷֱһֽ칫ϵĶˤЭ飬ֻ۲Ϊ
Ϊʲô˶ڱ
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ʮ¶ʮա
һ
ǿֲѵֱӡ
ϰ˵㣬ֲѵڶڼֱ֣ӸЦȫǾЩ˱Цĵ㣬һڽĿСʱǶӶЦˡ
ؼڸЦʱǽƹصĽҲû
һеĸıȫǸġ
ȶȣʮֱ䣬ĹߵȴҪһʱֱܿ
ڴһڽβҾøѾӦ˺ö࣡
̫ǿˣԴ־壬ȻֱԣҪˣȻܿ˷
ǿ˼ǿƼ氡ɸоᰡǸǿŮתˣ
˿ˣ˵ֱ־ʱǸֱĿžͷüᶨ
ءҪǼţҾͻˣ
ûϵСӣҲ찲ˡ
Ҳ˷ܵĴ֡
һݣǿСƵȻȥ¼ַ֮ˢСƵٴˢѾ˼мزҪҪġ
Щֱ˼ƬΣǾˡ
޵ƣŵòֻܣȴڷֶѶûʱǱȥӡ
ֻ˵Ҳѷˣ
Ȥֿɰż̫ˣ
ڴУʮһ룬ֱʽʼ
ͷȫùڿһһѪǱһΡ
ԲۣҽԺ
̫ˣĿҪ죬ȻҽԺ
ĻУѪܹɭɭҽԺȫϷּѪĴ֣ĩҽԺ
ڿֲյ۷ʱлαڵĵط
һεĿĹߡ
ǰ칫ҵĵط۾ļαԹվԭأվºڵĸţƽ߶ţ±£⣡
һ쳱ƽ֣磬Ҳ£Ҳ¡
Ա߻һŮ
ˢˢֺǺǵĴ֣£¸ҵģ
ˣôһ
˭ѽ
ǰµģմС㰡Ȼˣ
ʱ𣺡ǽ⿪֣һε񡣡
Դ֡
һƽϾͱһŵ˶һ£һ쳵ֱۡ
һ쳰οûû£ģǰġ
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ҲϽк
ѹƽϵһ뺯򿪣վkоһжǣȾ˴󲿷ֶˣֻǻٲ⡭
⣬һС˼ǺܱܿȾϮ
ɫ΢䣺Ǳҧ˻᲻Ҳɲ
Ҫ˵Ĵпܣǵʱһܿ㡣
һۣЦԣ԰ˣ
û⣡ͷ
ܲƽһǳⶾķȴԱ©ҽԺλܳ̽ռңʴﵽٷְ٣λǰҽԺȡҩΪףͰɣ¸ҵ̽ռǣ
ƽûס²ۣʰٷ֮٣ǲǲҾҩ裬˲žˮƽ
˶Ц
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ЦȻֹ˶Ŀţؼȫ屾ܣⱻŵС
ںֺܿˡ
Ľ䱸⣬Щţ⣿
ƽֱֹЩߴٵǸϽʼɣ롣
ߵſڣ˵ֵģʲô𣿡
ҶʼңƵҲǿҵģһزѣǸйأڰ칫ҵļУҵӵBڣͨ칫ϵĳ£ͳɹ⿪
һȥŷĵҲǺģʱ룬ʱʮ룬̲һڵĵطָڣټҽԺɭ
ųһţվһǰ棺Ա㡣
ѽˬͷ󷽵رϲƬƲôẦ£ҪǺˣ㡣
ۣ
˵
ֱĹڿЧʵһνܣζ⻰ҲıֻһСֵĻУô⻰ֵֹģ
˸ģ翴˳ˣ¸Ŀ׬Ǯַͨʽ
Ѿܺˣ˵ǵģµģֲѻп𣿡
ΪһĸЦú氡
Ļ֣֣һֱڹעûϣ˵еǾûвڵģ⡣
ֻҪ˴ʱ򽫽
ͷ˳ȥ
ȻȺܿ£һǾȻûκҵ¥ݿڣԥҪҪȥ
ƽϣܾú֣ǾȻôֱӹˣûţ
һ쳣Ҳ֣ܾˡ
üͷ΢ǵøл˵ʱһڵĿ̶ֲȣ͸γĶԱȣô⣿
һۣҲòԡ
ȻôȥĿĵģû˭֪ҩģ
ˣ
Ŷ
һʱҭ֮ǰڶǽĿ齫·߹滮ˣ·߲ͨһΡ
ɨװɡϵ
Ѹٸͣԣɨװɣһ򿪿Ҳҵ
ȷ˷򣬼ٴλصʼĵطһξͷİ칫ңһƬа˸칫ң
ȿһ¶ԷʲôģȻ첽ص俪ʼҡ
ֻһεƹȴһοʼ˸ٶȿңĻţһЩ͵͵ĺ
ͷʼð亹ٶȿ쵽Ҫը廹Ǻºڰ˵ڰкʲôҶĽȣЩһ
Ъᡣע⵽˵
ǿЦЦͷ˸ǽĵطվš
ҲЩˣ侳ͿӰӲһǿֲ·𷭱ˣ˾úڰĵط᲻ðһҧһڡ
Լŵģס֣ȣװĻͷһۣо͸Ӱ
ҧҧңרעͲẦˣʱȻϲҵˣ
ʣ˸ϽԶԣˡ
ǽϣټһ£͵ó룬Ҫ򿪷䣬ֻǲ֪δĺԽԽһδ֪ķ䣬ͺ£ûܵһʱ򿪣ſԥһ
Ĵ󷽵ɣҲ¡
ͷƽ¶һĨмЦݣóλã˺ˣĶϣһ£ַŰϣš
ڵķ˿һһɥʬģ˳ǰɫĳָ׶ץһŭ·𡪡
ʵµеʲôȫû뵽ɥʬֱʮףֵĵɴۣﱬһ̶ļУ


91  91 
ʱ, Ļ飺һô󵨵ļαפɣ
Сߣ
ľˣƻ󣡡
, , ̫ˣĳˣӳӪ, yueˡ
֣¿üͷֻǵĻ̫࣬ļգ۾ͱ, ǡˮ
Щż, ɿֱ, ±ѹס޷ӵ޿κΡ
û뵽һλС㣡
֮ǰû͸¶֪һ٣
ʱͷڵڶ䱻Ĵ򿪣һƬЩ, ŬֵõЦݡ
һɥʬģ˳ǰ, Ŀֲ౾ʹ̼ˣɫĳָ׶ץ, һŭ·𡪡
ĵֵĵɴ, ﱬһ̶ļУ
, ȴ, ˲, ǰŰˣһˤڵأϥǱˤҲںİ칫ȥ
ɥʬ̫ˣ
лֵռһαλüӽǷڵûиԼ˵
ֻ˵̶ֲȾҪȴû˵ôֲ
ȵĵƹ棬ѭŹĺѾˣûѾŵֻܱŶ𣿣
Ϊ͹ˣ
/һɥʬ
֣ºһŶȻֵĹֵҪƿĿⶼֻܴ㶵Ŀš
ĵǿһĻϷ绯ķչ϶¶ɻ󣺡
ԲۣΪߣǷ
ˣۡ
һ£Ҳֱ汩ƽϲҽһҲˡ

߲ߣһҲһɫ䣬ܣҪһܡ
֣ܿҧһ⣬סԼ壬ֶǹץȥ
ڶ²۵ĹȻŵòУո˵ģôţȻ󷢳һ󼤶ĵĻܳܳܳǿʲô
˸ݣҲ²۸ģţ
yyds

ֻĻУʱֱס֣ȽһƣڶԷûзʱɿһ֣סһֻһת
ﾪһرʹе㣬±ƣԼ޷ʹΡ
ʱƵĺϥһ£ֱӵڵϣ˳ǰס˫ַŤ󣬽ﳹѹƣ
֣Ҳˣ֮һ˷ܵĺγϣǼȦĸ·Ҳ̲סվԲۣţƣ
ֱڼֱڣαڻҡ
ѽܰ
㣡
ҧ˾ˡӴܵöһͷֻһҽУȻķ䣬š
һʮֻҡ
Źϣ𼱴ٵĴϢҵû°ɣ
ûᣬüȥ
һȴˡ
֮⣬칫һˣǽǻոձյѪۣƽϰϢһ̫ˣȻķŵǣ
𾪿ֵڣû
ƽ&һ쳣
ڻеȴȻоһ㰲οûܽ϶ֱ湥ˣոĵӣҪˡ
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ʱϽ㣬Ҹӣﱻסˣ
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ҲھҴϢЩ㣬Ϊ·ɻҡͷû£ӣ
úãӦ
Һð칫һӣҵˣȻһӣС򿪰칫ҵţ±˵
ȻŴ򿪣ˣ
ϣںеɥʬſڵϣֱѹһŰɫʿŮһžµСҰײҰ׵ģûѪɫĴ/۾ζǰڷȴνɥʬס
ѵȴǿһĻĵĻ֣ɣ
̫ţˣ
Ȼѹס˹ˣ
ϲϲҴˣߣ
ϲ
Ȼϲˣ
ƽˣҵ찡Ȼ㶨ɥʬ
ոջһ㿪һӴ򿪣˳ΧʲôϧƷһĿ̾
ɫĪ⣬ȷʵǸˡ
ⲻ趨ľ籾
ˣɸģ
ôСһСŵòУҲΪҶаʲôƵģҲǴ⽫¶ӪɽϣùȴҶоˣ˸һ£Ӵ˸ҶС
ɸŮǰӵЩС˵ŮõƷʣСɫҲ·ģ˵ǵĥѪҲ
˵ֿԼĿ־£Ҳʲôܣ
ҧģûпǲԸ
һǻ֣˵ǿ㣬ҿֲסˡ
һ죬һѪɫ
һɫӰ˫֣ע⵽Ѫһˣ
æҡͷųһֲ˴ߵѪȽŻҶ۵˫/ȣҡͷûУǸո̫ˣҧһͷ
˵Щ̫ͷҧˣۣһЩѪ
ոջΪĵĻۣҵ죬˵ôô¸ң
ҧͷҧͷ̫ˡ
ء̫־ˣΪ˲£Ȼҧͷ
ˣҿЦֲվȻˣĺ

֣²˲ᣬŵĻĽ֣Ҳû뵽ﲻϲˣΪһĿز
ֿ־ͺѵˣֿز
ԳƵĶˣոɥʬʱպһĵҲˣֻһ⣬ǿ־̶ֱƱĻֱ汩ĸȴҧͷǣȻԸɥʬ
Ļȥ֣ϵӪš
˶ôŬˣǹ˾СҲϺȣ
*
Ѻܿˡ
̶̲ӵƵѸʮ򣬵ʮҲˢһ¾ܶһ
翴ƽֱһӣһֻת΢֣ءҷ۵ŮһʼޱȼᶨڻˣֻǸˣ
һbiubiuĳ֣緢ڸ״ڶ̶ʮӻһٶޡ
ϲĵȥͼӴӿʼһǧӣڶˣ
֪˭ģҲŬӪȴһ㲨ûУвˣ
ֵĸԼϲݣһƬ֡
ʱ˷⼸˶úÿԲһգ
ȥǸ˷΢ܵһ죬óԣ[ͼƬ][ͼƬ][ͼƬ]
㿪ŹͼƬǰŶʳͼƬӵſʼǾ͵ĵĸ
ģϸݵھͷ񻶯ˣոͻǺÿıԼü壬Ƿɫĺ/
гԷʱ΢΢һǳԵǵʳ
ſʱֱͦһ㶼ֻѹôÿѡ
С
һſ꣬綼᲻Ųۣټĸ
ԭ
ſţȻֱһҵļУãȻĿȥͼ֪ʲôʱѾһ㣬ĳ䣬ɥʬ
һڵƹ׷ܣֱüɹݣ
Ȼ
ôôˣ
ͼƬȻ˼ʮӣ
ϽֱǰŵĻɢܣʱлֱ֤õӽǹۿ
Ȼ翴ԭһܣȻɥʬ
ܳһ
ɸҲûãʱֱڼڹսǴƷͷɥʬκûӣ˫ʱĴɥʬײˣ
ˣ
ǹİɣܵúܺõģ
Ȼɣ
ҲǻŲ·Ÿаȫаɣ
˼Ҳ˸ķզأӵĵ̣
ͷ֯ĵĻĻû취ֻٴε͵Ļ͸ȣͿѹסһɥʬƫƫײһ֡
˿յɥʬҧһڡ
ĳȥˡ
òԼżۣѵҪûϷݣ
ֱһεײҵһأŷźԲԲҲǹģ
ûбϳдż֣ǹģ
ɲ±
ֻǲ븶ͷ
ԵĴС㣬һͨˣûȨûûǮûô죿
ֻҪ𣬾ҶУ˵һػ
һŸҶһͻͷϽõĽִ£ڽɹͲ㱻ͽҲƲˡ
һҲˣ
ûлӦֱϰɥʬԱɫӡĬһ¡
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ʱĿ̽ռұҧˣ
غ˵˴סˢˢѯʣôᱻҧˣ
ȻСᱻŵǱѰЩɥʬҲ򲻹һһֻҪѹסһҸطա
ɥʬ趨ܵñ
ĻΪǷɢֳ˼ĻһģֱĹڿţҧгݣҪˣĸģ
md𣿡
ģ϶ǹģҿתˣ
İǱ𱣻ˣ滵
ǲǻڼ鰡Ȼĸﺦ
ûܻش𣬼αҲΨ㲥˼󣬻ߵһǣ˵˵ʲôӺɥʬչԼĵεα̽ͷ̽Եĳ
ͿǸһŮɥʬ͵߹ϡԿµ
ǳ飬̽
ѣ
ͷϸһǸ
ĻһΪˣû뵽Ǽɥʬϣ
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ĻһƬ֣ϳƬ̣Ȼ̽ӽäܣһ߶ţǽ㲻㣬Ϊֽ㣬Žһɣ
һתĬĬߵһߡ
𣺡ɥʬˣ
Ͻ¸ˣҲǳģרȥȷĳɥʬǷһɥʬʱæһ£ֲ֧
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һ㶼ģøҧϣԷж¼ƣٸ߹ȥˣ
һߣǻǾɡ
úá˸ϡ
ȴոǵܹˣܣ
һʼûʶֱԽԽĵͺ֣һͷһſµŵͷƤ飬ҽвֻʶӣ
ˣۣ
ڸЦˣǵһĻŪûˣżαץĽѰҩһ߿ŸɥʬΧ׷½أȴڹؼʱ̣һ
ȤΪɥʬᱻɥʬŵںõĴ̬һƹɪɪ죬ּǿļװɥʬˡ
ȻǵĶʹ
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ʱȻͬһһʱˣֱȶȴȵһڵڶڻҪ𱬡
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ѶǿֱЦŶӺĴ΢ԼĿʹģһѡע
ҵѽһ˽ʮķ˿ڼ֣Ҳ⾪ϲˣͣ˵
ǾͺãӦòˣ֣㣬Ҫлȷҿһ¡ġ
˵¼Ʋһ
󲿷־ڶԿ屾ϣĿõĻҲǺܷȻαʲôֻ㿴㣬Ҳᱻ²ۣ˻ҪԼͷ侲
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֣֪ۣһе˷ܣͷãһġ
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绰Ǳߵ˵ãǸŮʿľ𣿡
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92  92 
߾ϲϮ, һȴôˡ
һ˼ɣֻҪֵ̫£һ, ˾͵ˣûϡ
ʵֱͷ, ֱһһĽչʾ, ⣬ɲѲ⡣
޼ɵ, ǰھͷǰ, Ȼں죬ϲҲ, ˵, СƢ, ûлĶѡ
Ըʱ, ǻʧȥһЩ, Ƿǰ, ʹȥˡ
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һʼҶ˵ԼҲʲôأһڼأ
ǵֱ, Ҳû¶ĵҾ֪, ǲķ˿Ϊѣ
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ʱǸߵʱֱɫı, , ·˶³ˡ
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繤Ǯһͷˮ֣ϳӸտһ绰𣬵ͷһҶС
𣬾Էº͵𣿿Ի˰ɣ

ɻĿ˿ֻʾˣȷʵҶУƵǲû˯ѣǺˣ
ǱߺأǱˣƽ˵и飬˵Ҽ˶̬ȲãҸ˵ˣԸģ˵ϴˣҲûҪǲǣ
ûش𣬵绰ǱѾˣҶǴż־ִٲ˼ڵ绰𣺡ιѾˣ֮ǰĲԣǾˣɣһ˵ûֻҪֻҪǩ
ͣЦ֪ڸʲôУˣҵǩˣ鷳˵һЭ龡ǩ͹лл
Ҷι
Ӧһཡ
ٴξһŤ΢ֱӱ쵽˲ӣ߷ֱúˣʲô˼


93  93 
Ҷ, ֮ԸΪεĿֲѡ
ΪҶҴС㣬Сʳ, ˽ӽ, Ҳ, ƽϲѡ
һʼΪֲĿǸαḶ, Ĳɩӵѡ, Լ档
ֱ죬ѰĿ
ԭǾܾ, ȻҶǰ, ͷֻ, Ҳܿһ, ſ, Ҷͱķչˡ
㹻ֲķΧԵĹؿ, иָЦ飬ϲĪڸˡ
Ϊ˲ɥʬ, ׷, ȴڹؼʱ̲ҧ, ԭŶӵˣƫƫԼҲǺɥʬ, ͬŵ
һĻĻҶЦ
һڻ㣬ȥǰڵļ档
ȻһڸĴڸв, ų, ɵ˵ڶ, Ҷ̲ס
Ϊ̫ϲˣ;øԼɩҲǲ
ʵúÿڻһѵĹؿǵֿ屾ܵĿ־壬ɥʬܣӦˡ
ɥʬȥҧʱˣ޲Էһ١
ȫ꣬һȺŮЦöۣϲľǸˣֵŸǰĽԼеɧ
ҶһʼڲȥΪ֮ǰǺḶġ
ֱһᵽɩӣ
¾ͱѣҶҸҪǩǩգǺϲ
ҶҪܼ򵥣Ȼ֮ǰ۸ԼûǸɿڿֲѵķϣԷˡ
ҶȥҶˣҸҪǩգ֪ԭɩìܡ
Ҷеѯ£Ҷ˵Լԭɣͨ绰ԭҶ˵֮ǰӿ϶ġ
˭֪ҶòĸԷ˵£
ֱǽڵϲȣ
ҶֱۣӽֻҶϣ磬ǹģ㿴ôҵģ۸ҵģ֮ǰҪǲҹ־ͲԸģҺ۸һڻһ£ҲŲҪɩˣҪȥ˵
Ҷбҵؿڣֻשͷһʱ۵Ƥһ飬ɫȥ
ЩΣԼôδܹʲôίΪԼͷ˵
ңҶ߷߶һ䣬Ÿ߸Ь뿪
һǣ
ֲȱǮʮգҪһǹݣ
ʲô˲ģ
ҶпҶıӰҧۣҲһͷزˣܻЭ
һαĹЭ飬渶ǩá
Ļ䣬ֻĵ绰
Эǩˣ
绰ǱһĺԼɴһǰδеĮ·еĸ鶼Ѿûˡ
ֲ˵¶ȵġ
̫ˣ
һҶҲ֪Լ˶Эܸٿһۡ
Լֺαؼ͸
û˸ҲҲõģ
뷨ҶԺĵӰẓַ̇ſһһҧãԸ
绰Ǳû˿£Щϲģ
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ˢˢ£ЭǩԼ֣Эɣʱֱˡ
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ֲĿศɣһ𱬻𣬸ҲȦ޴˵
ͨĿȥ΢˿ˣͻֱᷢΪտʵ˼ݼҲͦõģֻ֮ǰû˵Ӿ磬˭ģܶݵĽɫֵ
˻ˣ֮ͨ͸࣬־籾ˣҲ١
ڽǰһ£ԼڼĥɫʣµʱƷĹ棬õʴԷѣ͹˾˺Լ˲٣ȫȥˡ
֣¿׬ǮҲûԼ㶫ͦƵģǽʡϰˣ᲻Ȱ䡣
ûȰͷˡ
˵ԼǮͶˣԭЩ׬ģΪͶƣȫڿţȻдͷοֲѡ
˭öԷҪڽĿУǮ治١
ټԵķãһͶ뵽УһʲٵǮˡ
һжڰĽչɹһûˣ޲ŷҡ
ǻڣסˡ
׬ǮΪȣ
Ȼ׬Ǯ֮ǰҲûǽ͸ռҵ﷢ͳȥ
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ʮһ£Ҷǰ֤
ȶȼߣʹݵ¶һ£ҲĵѣҶ֤Ҳ˲š
һֶȦйٲôõ·ˣֻǰʲô£ҪôǷ޺ȶȣҶôʲõͲ޹ȥˣ
ģͷŮǶ࣬٣Ҫټõļͥˡ
Ѹûʮӣͷ΢ѵ
˿ǣϲձ
죡
̫ˣڵˣ
ùϰ˰ˡ
ѣԲۣİ
ۣǰҲ˵飬λ㣬Ҽסˣ
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ķ˿Ѿֱ
ȻĻ˵̫ˣɶԱ֮ǰĸѾòٶˡ
οֲѻûֻ꣬ҪܼˮƽȽĿ¼ƽ˿ܲġ
ʱȶȣͨȼҲԴҲˣԲĬĬˡ
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Ҷһ֮ˣȥͺֵǺȵ£˾͵һ˯˯˾Ϳѡ
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Լҵϡ
飬ҶбһҪøûԼܹøã
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ֻһˣҲҶе·
Ըһ±һĶҪܶ࣬ҲԴĽ񱣬ҪЩ/
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һνӵҶеĵ绰ںͼ緹
С¶ĻǵСͶӰǣɳϿӰӰ꣬һ緹
ԼͶɹʱ㣬ʲôҪǿҡ
̶ĵ绰Ȼ𣬴֮ķΧıЩˣȿ˵֣üͷֱ𣬲ӵ绰ʱǻһĨЦ⣺и磬ô
ŮҶͷ۵ԴоһĨɫ֣ûʲôǴ绰˵
ģԷʱҪֻķѼԵ㡣绰ǶһĻ
Ҷлһͣɫס
ѽ㲻գżֽĻһ䣬Ȼֶŵ绰˵Ҫ˵ʲô
ҶϺȻһȡ
ƺһ˻ڹȥѾĸĲǵǸ׷Сѣ
ûʲôҶһЩԸ⽫ﻰ˵ȳԷҲȥԷˣˡ
ûĻӦ绰ѾҶϡ
죬źڵĻ˼һۣ˵㣬һ㳰Цһأ
츶飬Ҳࡣ
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֮Ĩǵĸ˴һ£Ҷ󣬾˺ֵȥȾƣһ/ҹ
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ھ͸绰
ĪΪĺã
ķһЦЩϧӦöһҶеԣϾΪ˺͸飬Ȧﶼˡ
˿ĿĶҶеִţѾһɶҶʮľ裬޷ɣĵĽʵϴҲãԵ㣬´ʲôҶ
Ҫˣ࣬ǻǳȥ԰ɡҡҡͷҲϲģһΪԸ
˸ףû˱ԼҪˡ
⿴һЦͷ·ʢ̻þòɢ
ζûĳôʵĳǰ̫˻ϲˣ
С»֣ҶȴֻķտյģΪġ
к֮ɫԽŨ
Ҫͬ˵ģһʼѡľģǲǾͲˣ
͸һôϱìܣҲϲռ˰æҶҵĻȨҲ
и飬֮ܶ࣬ôŨҵĸ飬ΪĦ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ
飬ΨôĿһС
и硭ڷ
Ҷʹ̫Ѩ͸¶һǷϣʲô
ոǲڸĴ绰Щ˷ܵѯʵ
Ҷк͸ˣ
ҶнʵҲףȦĳЩɵˡ
Ҷо͸øһǡ
ո˯ˣһ绰˸òԶ绰У㣬ĵ
Ҷһʹ绰ģ
Ҷûעɫš
ּе˵ʲôûУ
ҶпһۣЩεںѳԷҾûš
ĵĻһˮ͸ˣҶеˣĻûС
ȥüͷ壬֮ǰľ飬óҶͷʱϽˣȻ侲ҪΪĲǵԶˡ
ʱùһ
óֻķϢпûϳ氡
һĻأпգҴϼ⣿
Ʋ죬ֵ𰡣СʶģαشϲϤأиҲء
˺һЩʱĻأãַ
yeȭЩ˷ܡ
ҶлһȻõüʲô
ЦŽȥư棬ҪҪһ𣿡
ҶҪֻܾǻûڣ˵ȥȥɣǸС
áҶûסͷˡ
һͷĺֻĹ𴽽ǡ
µõҪʲô˼һֻϧȷʵϲҶˡ
ǴӦȥˡ
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һ²ʱ䣬ʽ顶Ե顣
ѲƾűȴһʱŸǰһƯױݵ¶ϲɫ
һ͵͵֣Խ߷߲ƽֻƵġ
Ҳ˷һŤͷ֣µӣǵЦûסֱǸʲô۸ˣ
֣³üҡͷûʲô
Դ̽ҶкԼϢѣ
һ֣¾ըˣֱ̫ҪˣҼǵĻûְɣһߺ΢һ߼߾岻ʱ͵ĵһȥ棬Ҫˣ
Ҷ鲻죬йĵĺҶ˵Ӱ
Ҫ֪һǰĵ׷Ҷǿ˾֪ģʱǡʱҶк͸飬ĺͼһ
ʱ˵˿϶װģΪû׷ˣ˸
һcpۣ²۾ʧˣ֮һƬ
ŶãҶк͸󣬻پͺĽһˡ
һδһÿֻǶˣ״Сһ𳤴󣬲Լų档
ȻڶΡΣѶ̲ס²⣬ʵѣĸù
ʲôѣ
۷ǵзû˷伸䣬ûٺŹʲôһȥɲʹһȥ
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ҪҶв΢û֪΢ţѱˡ
һʱʮֲҵĵز
ȻֻǳһΣûСû֡
Ȼվء
֣Ҳע̫/ߵˣǱĵѣʱҲͼٸⶼȥֻ˵ˣ
ԽԽãٿΪ˵ţһδȲκͣͷ㣬͸ˡ
һҲ
һµ
ֻǱΪֻᰲοԼ䣬֣Ҫܾο㿪Сȥʱֻ֣ǰ
֣㶣չȥɨһۣ;͵ؿ֤ļٵģ
üͷһЦе˵أ
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֣£˻
޴ľϲѹУһ˫ڵ϶ţҳˣҲͣЪˣ
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94  94 
Ļ˯š
Ҷеȥ, ֱĵˣⲻͣĹѡ
ˡ
һ˯̫Ӵķ϶۾Ըۡ
ĩЩ, ֱ۷űһܲˣָϽַŻȥ, Сֻ𣬰Ļ
δӵ绰54
Ϣ68
ţ89
һֱһ, ˯ɢ, ɫͰˡ
һĪĻ̿, һϮҲûоҪһĻֱһƲʱһģһ
Ҳ, һ䣺ôˣ
޷, ֻҵĲȥ绰սͨĸڵ绰Ǳ߿ޣˣİ
ˣ
·˻, ݺݵǻײϤĻӴ͡
һججҶҸԼҵ, ӵ绰ֻӱ, ˵, ûüԵɡ
·λǰجµʱ
, ȱ, ˵ʲôˣ
ĸҭҭ˾˾ٱ͵϶, ڹ˽ҵ, ˾ǽȥһǲʲôǼҾˣ
ļҴ˾û͵˰©˰
û鶼ܲ⡣
ֻôͻȻôأֱӲϴ󲿷ֲҵԱȫˣ
ȥϰ౻Ϣȶˣĸ˵ոԼγŮ绰ڲ
⣬ǰһڣµشϣɵס³ġ
Ĵ/Ҳס
ţôͻȻ⣿֮ǰûһ
ôĹ˾
һҲֳöѹȥģ
һӦûû΢϶ըˣ
һǵĸطϾһţ˭ȥһ³µ
ֻǺ֪µûˣѾˣѻһû˼ȥ£ʵҲΪæµƫƫΪûϣٳûнչ
ĸҡͷҲֻ֪ûҽԺƫƫǻ̽ӣ
⣬ѾͣͲֻӶ߻ڱϣҲһ
һģһֻǽϱӵǰһ귢
̫ˣ
ʲôûı䡣
Ѿ˼ֻøҶˣΣǳ֣Ϊǰģ
ıۣⱧţȴоһůֻ૵ûáء
οûµģ黹ûΣյĵط˵尢̶֪飬ܿǵġ
϶ǰļеĵͷϵɫ˿ûкתӻ̿֡
ΪһҲĸ֪鲻𼫴󣬽˼ҵˣǮٱһծ
ûнҲˣ뱳ôծţѡɱ
һܲظһĽɣ
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ϱزŲϢܿѣ
͵ϡµ⣬ڽҵֱǸɱеһƴ
պһǰĺ͸ڽĿԣֳֵ飬͵µ鱬˰˵΢ϡ
ڲƾſֹ֣ˣûһ鶼ʼ¡
еΪ֮ǰҶҡռҲйϵֱ
ȥԷûʲôڨڨ뿪֪ô춼΢ˡ
򿪣ѵһǣ##
ȥþǰ΢
ٵ㿪ۣЦˣӦˣմС㣬ҪҸѰ
ԲۣȻڽҵ͵ϣգıɱʲô֮ǰľЩǮѵİɣ
֪/ʿ͸¶ͱٱˣԷٱݷǳ꾡ĵطָˣزܵôã֤ȫ˲ſʼģ
ģ
лٱĲ֪ʿ
㣬ٲżƲƲǸ˰ɣ
ڿͬһʱ䣬ҶҲڿһཻܣҲʵʺԼġ
ڸϲ̫֮ˣһδΪֿʱʧˡ
ҲˣԽԼ⣬ģɴǰһֱΪԼĵĸֻãӲӶԷѳʵ
ҹԼòͣ˳Ƹס
ϧԷˣ΢ǿһ㣬̬ûôǿӲǸһϣ
ͬ˵ģôϲô̶ʱȴǱ͸ģѡˣ־ûϨֻҪټһ͡
ԤԼһ鱦ʦֱΪһ鱦ס
ȻҶ˯¥òͣ˳ƴֻһʱ䣬ϰ˵룬磬ֻĻһδϢ漴
ͣڳٴ
ҶпڲǰԼĸĸܾﲻԾ
ͰؼסˣҶҸĸϲһЩΪ߰Ůþͽš
裬ʲô𣿡Ҷһ䡣
Ҷĸ°ͣ˵ȳԣ˵
ҶüͷҪֻͼҶĸĬĬ£ԣڽγֺ꣬˱񣬲˵ڿ˵˰ɣ
ҶĸѾͷ˰ɣʺ㡣
ҶУ
øЦ裬˵ʲô֮ǰһֱҸһ𣿡
Ҷĸ治ɫԣңֻ֮ǰڽϣϱ飬ȫصĲҵȫܵϲ飬һΣϾ㲻ҲԻԪˣǽףҲᱻͷϣǲˡ
ҶˣЩԼöһȴֲ֪ʲô˼
ʲôбϲ飿
ʲôбͷϣ
ɫ˱䣬ҶĸһĮѸٴֻҵƽŵ㿪
ûȥǣ϶
㿪һǲƾűϹزżȫвٽרǰϵ飬ܶŴ̼ϴʼ˳ܲסҽԺ
֮һͼƬϼŰ칫¥ģոҽԺʱȻĳбϲĹԱԼѧҸżŶһϽ¥
Ż֮ǰزҵ֡·ȵűĽͼ
ֻǵʱûӣһüһҲϲҵģϲҵġ
ôϲҵ¹Ƶ
ⲻֽһ֤ʵϲҵ⣿
ŵһƬкҵ죬ĺãôţԭôģ
ʱңǺģ
ˣҼҸպþϵģȻȥ˼һµ·װʲôҲûҸʲôֱӾȥסˣ룬ܻҲ󡣡
ʮǰСһȺˣһô򣬵ʱһڰŶôҹԱװĵģû뵽ǣŶˣµġ
Ҷһһ꣬ŶͷǰһΡ
ü̽˵ģ
̳ô꣬ҶǺܹģ鷢ǾѯˣʱҶͷģǳأ⳥⣬㹻ϴѪ֮γе⣬ռˡ
ҶпЦʱٿԼһûв鿴Ϣ㿪Ƿģϳˣи磬ô죿
Ұ֣ϵûвֵĿռ䣬ֻˡ
Ϊǹϵ£Ϊ˱©ȺϢûΣÿһδϢҲû¡
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ҶӻģھͱĸΪϳ׼ٺչǸӵĸ̾ͬʱֶҳһ롣
ΧҶҵķ·֡
Ҷһ˵裬֪⣬Ǽҹ˾ҲС⣬˵ֲǹŴҺģʵ͸Һ͸ûʲôҾûҪСġ
Ҷšü㲻СģҲˣռӣǷƶ㣬ϣȢһŵԵģԶԶģ֮ǰûṻûмѣ
Ҷд㵵Ŀǣ㱻仰Цˣ̵Ϊ⣿ҺĻŵԣǵı׼ǿ۶ǿҽ̶֮ǰǰٰʵֻΪҲǮɣ
̱ķ̵Ȼǻ׸׸ȥǮ˰ɣմ⣡
Ҷĸ֣
Ҷɫ̫ãѯʣҪһˣ
Ҷԣֻ֪εĸңĲʺҵˣҾ϶ˣ˰ɣֻԤԼ鱦ˮΪƶָ裬ˡ
Ҷˣָǳ⣺վס
ֻҶһξǲĸģ뿪


95  95 
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֮ǰ촩йȦľݼͺܲ, ԭݼҲܺãֻһֱûʵĻᡣ
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С, ǵҲࡣ
Ŀ, ԼҲˣ֣ÿɸѡͨ棬ֵø׸׵һ
, ʱԲϣҲҪɾ
أҲܾ
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֣ڶߺУһʼһЩ, ܹԳɸѡӹ, Ⱥʵ͸ɺ, , ˡ
ȹ֣µ, ٵеͨ涼ʱԵ, Ҳܺõġ
ڼ۸иеͣ⡣
ϴǰͨõĸ࣬Ӿ緽ҲϾ֮ǰϷĽɫ֤ݼ
ӰֻһЩСɫ
ѡһգϲľ籾֣½һǢ
ڡԵⲿݵŮϷݲֻ࣬ӢˬսǿϧĶ֡
ֻϧϲĲһҪŮͬʱҲħ綯ס
ŮΪ֮ˣԸԼǽΣܹҸһ
Ľɫ磬ʦҲߣÿɫɫһݺˣǾǰ¹һĴڡ
˽£ھȫɫУŴ£ֱɱࡣ
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¼ƽպûؼҹꡣ
̨ǰģԭܾΪĿ¼ɱǰ£ֻ֮ǰ죬ԭһԱΪ޷ݣҪæһ¡
ΪǸԱ֮ǰֱֲãһֲܽʲô̭൱¼һڣܽ
ĿҵΪãǽĿ¼Ʊ߷ţպҲҪȶȡ
Ȼͬ⣬ǩ˺ͬɱڶһ磬¼ֳ
Ա¼ƽĿʱ޷ͬģһ˱ĿԱһС¡
Ϥͷ鲼䡣
¿˿ʱһˣٿ輸Ϸһ籾һĶ
һ籾
һݴ򿪿ԭֱȽӰӾ綼Ȼģ籾̨һۿȥͻĲӰġ
պˣĹϵŮͬʱϲһк˹ϵǳãŮӹ۱ԡ
Ǹкм䣬֪룬һҲҽܣ˾άεĹϵദ
ֱһγ棬һ̲裬һŮС˱кһ̲裬ȻˣƢһŮ֨֨ըˡ
Ȼƽݵ֨֨ʱȽϰСѵһ١
˴һܣкȰȴִкѡС棬ʵϲ֨֨
ഺʹ͵С˵;籾һĪǿº֮˷ֿź
ǡġ
̵ĿӺ󣬵ڶ˽ˣһʮ꣬ԷЩ󣬼ͲͣϹ
ʦáۭ
ǸԪʮꡣ
һЦŵͷá
˫һμ棬εĺѹְž籾ۭˣҲ籾
һˡ
̲ס죺̨ʣ̫ˣ
Цԣ̨ʲǺܶࡣ
Сɫ̨ʲŶࡣ
ۭҵ/籾ֱСʱ󣬵˲١
ʮͯǳŮ
һεĺѹ󣬳Цǽϵ֮һɣ˵ôô졣
գۣʲôѣ
֮ûֻ֪
ȵ죬ƺ֪ĬĬͷóֻһ
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ôá
ʹҶˣʲô紵ݶܻӪŽ˵䡣
Ҷиһͬġ
ʮǰҶдֱʰһôıףԼûԼ⣬֪ˣʹΣķҲҪĹ
ûԼ⣿
仰ͨͲݳòӪҵ˵ĵ㣬׷תؽнͼ
ܻвٷ˿ȻкڷۣӪŷ󣬺ڷ۶ʮָˣķ˿ŬͺڷԼӪŶ硣
ֵģѡ
˵֣¶ԴҶиѣͳʣѾͰˡ
ǺõĻû𣬶ϡ
ѣķֻ˫ԵĿ⣬ƽҿˣʲô𣿡
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Ŀһۣüͷ΢壬ΪʲôҪھͷ˵Щ£Ϊǹݼգ˽õ˵ο˶٣õɫ¸ûϵûΪ¶һ£ôܣ
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ѽЦӦˡ
ۭСݼα˽治˵ʱŵҿ϶籾ʣ
áЦſѡС棬С̨࣬ϾϷȽ϶࣬ϻͦʺɫġ
̧һۣĵ̨Ҷˡ
񣺡
ˣ
̫ţʮֵһݣպǾ籾ϵ̨ʡ
˵꣬òЦݻʧֵ̨ҲǿǽɫΨһı׼֮ǰڿֲѵҾø֨֨ɫһ㣬֮ǰӰǺҲҵģѡԼϵΪǱЧҾ㲻ԡ
̾Ϣһͷѽ
Ц˷˾籾ϰֻûĥһ£һ绰Ц˵꣬ź濴ۭ˵Ӱ֮ǰݹͯ꣬ϴȥݷ˵ˣŪ˵˵ҩ͹ȥӰոո˵ҩܺá
~ۭϵ¶ȵı顣
ҲϽϵ¶һЦãʶöˡ
ɲǣһʶ۾һͿʼ˵
Цеţ۾ž籾һĶãۭû취һĶãŬ˵Щż
֮ǰ֪˭񲻺죬ûʲôȽͻĽɫԶԶˣǿ
̨϶źܴڴܹһ·Ƕע
ֻЩô˷
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̨һ¼ҹȻһֱϽȣҸֽڲϺú
ݵۭС궼Щţ͵͵ϢҪ
ͬˣ˵žͷϵȷûʱֱӿʼڼ˳ۭһ½ɫԱӦͻ״̬
ȵʽ¼ƽĿĵϣڿĳų֣һ
㣬¼ƿʼͲˡ
ڵϳ˴һСʱ͵ˡ
Ŀ鹤Ա̨ãӺϣٶʱѾʼˡ
ݵ֨֨ϲϲĵԼõĵص㣬˶ˣɫ˱䣬Ѹٲ˵Ļ⡣
һʼ˳
ֱìΪһȴ̲豬֨֨ĿСԲܵôܺȴأ
ںûµģǲСġ
ǲһ֨֨ҡͷֵôܺȴأôˣ
һֱĬСȻ̧ͷǱ˵ķ꣬ʵأҶ˵˲СģôòǾͲˣ
ۭһɫ΢䣬һ˲Ϸ
ģ
СӦίᣬ貢ģ
ɫ䣬ȻʱϷ裬ѹҪ̲裬ԭһʼͲ·
̲裬֨֨׷ףͻԵ֨֨ԽͱˣɫԭЩϲֻǺС̲Խͻأ֨֨ľҲΪ˼ֱɫʡ
ֻ½ӣΪⲻϷûngĿܣֻһһ;һƬ
Ҳı·ߣԭıˣҧŴǿĶۿһᣬ۾ͺˣżֿǻɸܲСĺȴ
ƤһЩɵĿܾƺԣҪٴ̼һ
ͼֽ̲Żԭչʾ˿ż˵㿴Ȼһɲһģ˳ӦõⱭô˳õǱ
ķӦһû뵽ʱ̨ͱ˳ȻֻǲСĵģ˶ˣѲҪΪҳһܣ
ԶԣͲСĵģˡۭæ˵Լ̨ʣֻЩɰˣǰѧһȹһƿȪˮأ
ˣڲԵڿɲѧʱǶˣñˣǡ
ǵģʱǲǴ/ʱ
˵һ룬ῴۭ
ое㷢飬Ҫøøȡһ㣬ûи㹻ķӦҪֱӱ
֪ѸٵҲ˻
ֵԼԷͬûи㹻ĻȻЩ֪òüȥ
ʱۭһŪýʶҪ
ӦõģӦۺС棬֨֨һʱ嶯Сһġ
סˣҧ㹻˰ǺһС¡
ûסˡ
ձ꣬һͷ亹ˡ
ͷһѸӦԡ
ۭݵΪ֨֨ͱˣ߶С֣ˣ˵ô࣬ڸ㣬ҺСһ˰ɣ
֨֨㵵Ŀˣеίѹϣ뿪һ˴վԭأֱƹ
ȵһʮӵıݽͰˡ
ʹڹӭ̨ϵЦݶǿ軯ĵױѿɫȫڲס
ί΢΢üһϲ˵ίЦŽ˶һ飬ڶίſڵҶЩʧ
ˣֽȭۿ΢쿪ڵʵʱ١
һίĻҾøıݾͺȻˡ
ʱʼ۵ί˵˵ˣʱ̣Ϊȱϯ
ƿԣϷ/ͷʵȷʵԲ𡣡
ˣ
˵ּαɸ󣬳Щţ֮ǰļ˶ʲôϣǣ˳ƽûġ
һθߣֳͶƱռȼ󣬶ʮֲϷʱĽɫøϲһ㡣
ʽݳʱ⽵˱ɫĶУûи㹻һ˶ʶզզС
û뵽˳ƽһûлң
սĿһûһ
ȻͦõģϷһݵúûõģɳϷˡ
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ĿͷҴҸǸ˱ķ뿪
ǵһ£ĸ˷ǺܺõģҪҲԣֻҪٽһpkĿϣ¡
ܾˣٹҪӦȥµӰʹһɫûʱ䡣
ٳ˳ͼ֣żĸ˴绰Ҵ˵䣬͹ˣһ׸˵
Ҫˣ˹ȻǷǶ࣡˸СĸĿ飬֮ǰȽģʧˣպݵһڣͱ˴˵˵Ϊƾ籾ǡҶиĸףԷʧҸոϰ鵽˭ˮˣ
ƾ籾ǵ֣˵Ļͦġ
֣¼ûӦ˱˵Լ
ЦŰο䣬΢ͼѣ#̨#
㿪ǳ΢һŽͼд֣Ŀĸף۶ֵǸ⣬û˵ݣ˶Դ˸ֲ²⡣
ﶼǰοĻûʲô쳣΢»ӪžͲͬѰˣҵһһƬָӵķ
ոȳ̨ͳݶϷ˶ݼǳģ˭֪ϳͷСĸĿ飬Ȼʧ
ǡǰǰҶкĸϴãһֱûзκοѯ侭Ҳ޿ɷ棬Ƿηʧǰĸйأ
ǰĺ͸ڿֲѵй˹ϵžͲãҪС²⣬ʵǸ۳ˣŶ꣬ò׵õᣬʮϧϣֵ̫ˡ
㿪۾ǣˣ̫ùˣ
оܿˣ˵͸¶ǵľ籾պЩ˵ĹϵƸպ뵽ǰ£̨ݲ
߸ܵģôϵ飬϶Щ£
ҪģһҪڸ
ϲķ˿·˶ܼĲ٣ķ˿ҲŬȣÿ˶Ƿǣһ࣬͵ȥˡ
ʹŲµ˭ڱˡ
ƿǵӪв٣о޴һЩԵѾˣڱ࣬˵ǳʧķ棬ʵڸߴң
Ϊ⣬Ӱ˷ӣ³񷭺ϣ𣬲Ŀ飬޿κΡ
Ը˵ھˣҲСΧȶȣǲ꼻һֻû֪˭ֺã
Ҳˡ


96  96 
΢תɶԸ, ࿴ЩڶһĨЦ⡣
ȷϢ⣬һĿ佱󣬿ϢֻҪҪ, ҶԸΪ۵Ļһֽ¼ɾ
ֱֻһ㿴ͼĺۼһĨΡ
⧲ĳһȾ, Ϊλһ˺ʱ
ֻǵȻҶзοϢ, ףѾһˡ
׸ı˺ܶණ
Ҷжĸ顣
һʼֻǱű̬, ҪʲôĲκͽС
ϲ⡣
Ҷһ, , ֻ뿴ΪԼһһʱ, ÿ, ϱԼģ񲻹Ƿˮת
ۿ, ֻбĿο
ֱ¡
ڹ˾󲿷ֵطѾָתֻǼ¥ԼԱѾܣнһȡ֤Լо
Ȼϵ͵˰©˰⡣
ֻҪ㷣͹, ǽ, Ȼʧ޴, ɻǮƽ
Ȼһγ, ϵԪˣոһ֣֮ƲǼпܵġ
ĲҪƲռҸ롣
ʱпܰռҶɹѹصģΨҶˡ
Ҷжĵ̬ȴҶ֪ռҸĸ绰Ҫĺͼ֣Ҷһ
Ĳ֣鲻һ仰ģΨкҶȡ֧֣Լʹʹ࣬Ļ˵ˡ
ӰӣĬĬһֱʱſ弾ĸ飬ҲϲˣһΣգҪЭʱͬˡ
Ƿ֣ͬҶе׷
ҶѾϲˣΪϱӵ£ЩҶС
һ𣬶˵ÿʱÿ̶ĥǼĥȴ޷й
ĶȦΪѾûʻֻԴǴοֲѺûнӹǴԶ½½Լˡ
ֻǿŸΪ͹ȥĽĿԽԽܲζ񲻹ôŬ޵Ůˣվɷޡ
ԼٴǱ
΢ǰʱ뵽һܺõ۵ķȦΣͽĿһʱ䣬ʱøЩԻ
һ˽һЩԺͨ棬Ǹٺòˡ
ֻռڵĿһǧˣеһ㻨ǮҶдġ
ֲҶж֣ȥΨмˡ
һ϶ȥһԼΣ֪ԼٻԼĴ󵨵˵ˡ
Ȼûʧ
̶ʱѾѣӪŴ࣬ˮæ̶ۣʱ丶һƬ
ЦˣʱֻȻˡ
üͷ𣬿дš衱ֵĵ绰ԥ˺һŽ
绰ǱߣĸԹôôòŽӵ绰
򴽣æʲô£
ĸЦˣ㣬нչôˣҪ콫°ڱҶ׼ˡ
Ĵ䣬õ֪ˣʲô˼ϸأ
ǲǡĸżͣⲻбԽԽãֵҲˣûעʣĳ⡣
ͷ˲û˵
ĸҲϰ߶䣬˵˺ˣ˵ˣȹˡ
šƵӦˡ
ȵ绰Ҷϣһڴڵĺ·ոһͨ绰ǳһϢĻ
ܺڸûиĸ˵£ʧȻֻҪҶУҲò̫ʵ
ҶǸʲôУ˭һԼҿˣٰǻҶҸĸһ֮绰ȥȴĿף˵úúõأʵʲôûС
ɼʹµһЩȻҶУûԸӽԼˡ
Ļҧҧͨ˵绰
Ҷеĵ绰ܿͨ绰Ǳ᣺ģôˣ
ûʲô绰
ҶйȻܳһˣԽ᣺ôˣһڹ˾æû
ˡ
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ֻҶʧԼˡ
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ȻûҶпסĵط·ߵһ룬һ绰СҶܣܵ绰˵ǵĺҪһ¡
Ҷķ绨ѩɲǼɢüҼǵ֮ǰ̸һʲô⣿
˵ȻǱ߸ϵ˾ѾԼųһٷ֪мǲʲôʡ
ȻպҶҶԼ֮һ⼸ȡģΪ飬үүѾЩף⼸֤ԼĶ
Ҫǳ⣬øû׼ĻᱻŽ˾ģ
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ҹһϣ֮ǰٱʱ˺þãһεǾٱǸҶϾϢͬҪϡ
ֻϴε²żʱȫѹֻͷˡ
ҹģԭļ䣬ҶеĶԻȡһЩϢٽѲ顣
Ĳ˵ҶиЩطʱҲԭԹԭȻˣҵͬ
ö֮ȥҶϵҵϢֱ͸Ҷ϶ֹ˾϶ǲġ
Ļо飬ΪɽҶУ
ֻҪ˽ͷöĸǵУռǱԭͥģԭǰ֮ҶҸĸ϶ºְԧ졣
һУ˯ˡ
սһͨ棬֮Ϣʱ䣬һ˯ڶ졣
˯ˣ컹ǻɫġ
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ˡ
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֣̾Ϣϲǲ磬絼ݴ绰˵֮ǰʽˣͶҲˣĿǰʽȫҪһٿԱݵڶײˡ
ⲿϲģҲǵһöŮǡ
̱һĽɫ
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֣۾һɣû£ĵһŮľ籾ǣ
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Цſһֻ֣֣㣬鷳ϵһµݣ˵ҪͶʣ
֣²²򣿡
ҡͷټһ㡣
ǵⲿ粢ʲôҪЧľ籾ֻҪƣǧԱˣǮӦǹġ
Աʲô˼ϰĿ꣡


97  97 
һ, ĵȰȣҲûҶС
ڵֻһЦ, ˹ȻסֻϧںҶУҲɵˡ
һ޿ڴϡ
һ, ƺǸʲôƲΣ, һ󣬿ס, Ϊ˲ծƲǱȻĽ֡
뱣İ, Ҳֻķ롣
ֱһǴ
, Ҫ˯ȥʱ, Ȼһ, ʵԼ©һ£
׻ûȦò, ݼʵҲ̫ټ֮ǰĵӣȻǺںģҲ
ǵһһ籬Ͷʼ, Ŀ, ŮһӳȦ¹, 
ʱ, ⲿļݶչòġ
ȦҲ֪һˣж׬Ǯ
ֻҪһȽɫ̵֣粥ٺڣҵֵҲ³ֵġ
ԴͶʣ
һƻʼѲⲿϢֻǲ˰죬Ϊʵ̫ˣϳһ֪ⲿѾϢ
ʱ䣬ҲŸտʼﱸľٵȼ졣
&
һֲ͡ᡷǩԼǧͶʳΪⲿͶʷ
ⲿͶԭǧ򣬵ܲȫⲿԭȾһЩͶʣֻҪǧ
лһСƬꡣ
һлʣǧ򣬿Լڹε
Ͷʵλһоͺܿ
Ϊ˾㣬ֹⷢþ絼ѩֱƾԼ΢ȵط㷢֪ͨټԱԾ
ĿǰŮݣݶǿȱ
Ϣһϵ˲٣Ȧˡ
Ϊ࣬ѩɴ֯һ͵ɸѡھͶԪ졣
ⲿϲҲӣԼҲͶˣɴһԡ
ⳡԵһȫԽɫڶȫŮǽɫ
һжǳ˳ֱڶŮԾΪˣһʮˣˡ
˭֪Ҫʰˣͱѩסɫ΢ΣиѷҪƼһˣǸ֮ǰˣǸӣʮҲһ£߸ô
΢΢üûϵƼҲԿҪǺҲܺõġ
ɡѩһЦ
Խɻ
ֻһûϣҲˣ;ص˹
ԱеʱڶžӿԼװ磬ǾΪŮƵĳʼװһ/۵ĳȹԵСָ߹󣬺ʽ㣬Ӧû޸ġ
ֻװЩĲ죬Ȼ
ȻΪ˱Ƚ϶࣬Щֵ࣬˵һб²۵·˵öˡ
üһֱЩԡ
ﲻ벻ףɴԼҪԾǰһ
ʮĺţԱһ
ˡصȻ͵ſڣȥɣ㡣
Цףȹڣɫˣһʼɫһӡ
߽ȥ̧֮һ
ЦݽסŲҲʶͣԭأŵĿмλϵˡ

ôܣ
ô
мλãȻȵݵĵλҪߣ
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׼ֵֽʣһؿš
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Ҳûȣ̹ȻıԼ̬ȡ
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оһڣȻģѷҪĹʹٲԸ⣬Ϊ˲Էǽˡ
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ڡ
һԸԼͨ˼ҳģ֮ǰҲ𣬲ھʲôҪ⡣
Ȱ˵κ̬ȵǰݺãԾƬŮ빬ʱ
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ԾѩݡƬ˵ȵȶƽľͳˣȷʵûӺá
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Ҫ˵䣬һֱûڣⲿͶǧԲ鷳СˣҪǾȱǮһԼͶʡ
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˵鼸Ǿģ
ЦеŶøлѽֲⱨࡣ
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ԴϴڽĿﶪˣٲԸˣ
û뵽ⲿվȻôǮ߸ϵİԼ
С㣬ǻҪһ½ȳȥȺɡѩ¶һ´ţҪ£Ͻʾһ£뿪
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ûʲôɹˣϽжױ
ְεͷϵڵϣɼ꣬ðһ㡣
ôǸأ
ԴӸҶ飬ܾ²˳ϱӵļûвĿ
ѵ鵼µĽ
Ҳ԰
ȫûоͷԣȻῴ磬ֱʵͶǧ
һԸŵ뷨Ժֻ֣ʶˣԼ϶ǸĸǮˣģ
һǵģ
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Ծֳѩ˳ȥЦĿô
ΪͶ̣ŮǣɫһƱȨΨʹ֡
һЦôҲϲ
ѩˣҲ֪Ѿʲôôǰͷǳɣһѡˡ
šףĽˣ뿪
ţȥһ˲Ӳʱġ
ΪһˣʱһҲ٣ϴֳ
ھĿϣıɫԽΪҲ֪ܵͶǱ˭Ĵ/ȣ⣡
ϵǳЦһˣ/ûҪǾٱϣҵõһʽ𣬻ͦģⲻôˣ
͵תͷֱĿҧгݵ㣡
ԭȻǸٱԼҹ⣡
ҪŭʯһֱԵҲͷѹҲĶ𣿡
ô֪һ⣿
ԴһЦѽΪһģһȲңһ㻹ǱȲң
ݶҧֱ죬۾ɵͻиǾκˡ
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Ըŵƫƫʵ
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մմϲ
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̫/ˣ
ԺǵǸҶˣ
Ҳ̲סֶ̧ܻҪɱ㣡


98  98 
ĵĹ˵Сơ
̧־͵ֿס, ˳ƽϥǹһߣ飡һϥڵϵ֡
ĲҽһʹļΡ
Ц, , ŹڵϵŮ, ȣѽ, أô񣿡
һϲĹԱɫŹֵĿ, ҡҡͷ, Ͻ˸䡣
ȦȻŹֵġ
ľȻܸ¹
ﲻڼȦС𣿽һ, ںġ
㡪Ҫ˵ݻ
Ӹ¿żǰһ㣬ɫЬĿ, Це˵һ, ұ֤һݶܵ
Զ, 񱯷쳣ȴֲķ
ոҪ֣Ȼ̧֮, ûӦʲô, ˾Ѿڵ, ۵亹ֱðҲĸη塣
ûм, һ¹κóʱˣٶ־Ͳˣʵ, ĵŹ, ´, ɱپٱʲôϾһ磬֪ϵ׳˶¨ӡ
Ķһ£ֵĿݴ𡭡
ûᣬ߲
ԭĲ̫ˣ˵ŲϲҶУʵֻһΣһЩ£ѧһЩ
û˵ʱЩ/ҶУֹԭףҵ߸ϵĿǡ
˵һģͬ߸ϣĿ
ˣʱ˵ҲһֽѣΨϵĴѹоʹࡣ
ߵĺԥʹˮ
ĿıӰڱĴשϣоΧ̫ˣ
Ҳһˣ
һ
һҪҶлõ⣬ҵҲԼԻڵ߰㣬ǸѽĶ磬ѧͶʡ
ۡһ
ϲĹԱŵһ飬ٴȥҴ뿪
æܹϽ˷ȻһĿ޵øˣءʹ
һĵϥǲ֪ʲôʱѾϣżΪˡ
޴룬ѡ񲦴˼ֻĽˣ߶
ַ˵Ļһ䡣
ĽĿŹҵĵ绰Ұ죬ȮŮѶ˦ڳˣǵһʱҪչˡ
ַȥ
Сʱ󣬼Ŀ翴˾ǣ˵޲ֹأ⣬Һ¡
̫ˣ
һʵǽ࣬ÿ֣Ҷжȥ˶ǼӰ롣
һǽҲ࣬ɸոյ潻棬оԼһЦԼС󣬱ۿһԼ
ָо̫ˣ
ۼˣϽ˱𣬿ϥǵˣϳֱ͵ҽԺǻ
ֻûãѾͰˡ
Ȼȶʵû٣һ˵ϵ£ԹȺϲּġ
ۣûֵ˼
ܰɣиѵԱҶкӵǣԷˣ
ǾǽŲ̫̼ˣľʲôħ˧綼Ĳģ
ҶоԻڳ/ˡ
ԿаôòϲҪϲԵĴС㣬񾭲ҺøˣûȺǣ
߸Լæҵ벻Ҫ
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֣ҶæµˣҹĻѾ١
һֱûʱ俴ֻ
ĸ˺ü绰ûӣҲʱ䶼ûУֻӣ˵Ļֵ¡

Ҷ֪Լûɳһʱʱ䣬үүҲʧø˾뷨
ѾöĺˣҪ´ĸʱģӱܡ
ĸδ磬ۣûĵġ
֪æʲôԼҲ䵭
ֻҶԼͺæȫûʱȥ
㿪һϢȴǰַϢ
ҶָȥҪǵ绰أֻǷϢҶ˵ǺټܻʲôҪ¡
Ȼ㿪һȴɫһӺˡ
ϢһŽͼͼıⱧϳĻʮǣĺǰȼ⣿
ˣĵĵ绰˺һҵĵ绰ͨҲ˵ֻʵģ
䵭ҽԺ
Ҷб˵绰Ҵҳš
ʮӺ󣬵ҽԺʱѾֻһˡ
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ۿǰˣҪǸĸϢϹˣҪӵ绰ˡ
ҶеĴڣԼԽڣԺԽŸ˵Ļ
ϲ㿩ǲǻմմϲɵһ

ɲǼ˱˲Ҫ
ĶصȥһԼҪϲһԼˣ
Ҫ뷽跨òҶУ
ȱ𣿣
Ҷǰûһ£ƽ÷·ǰʲôûС
ҶھĲ鿴˲ûͷ̹ˣɫҲôģϥǳ
ıӲܣˡ
ҶüһڸЩεģǶԷȴΪһ̣ҲΪü۸ȫû
ʱ⻰ϸһĨΣôˣ
ļԾϵġ
һȦӵġ

Ҷӹ⣬㲻ҲϲȦʲôҪԾҪȱǮȸתһЩ
Ŀ˱˵Լ֮ǰ˵ϲΪ˵˵ѣֲΣôĵһȫְ̫̫ÿΧ˺ͺӣ
ֻڻǵҶеʱ
ίԼԽƣҶи᲻һȤ
ƫƫҶлͦϲģ֪Լ֮ǰòԣ˼ϲԼʱϲڲͬĸϲԼˣԼȥչȥΪԸ͸Сֺá
ҶҽԺչһ󣬵ڶƣĸҽԺ
ĸٴιЦѯʣôû˵㲻ҪҪȢؼҵ̫̫
ҡͷûУתʮ򡣡
ʮʲôãĸšüͷЩż⺢ܲõ˼ϲ㣬ҪץסȻûˣԺ󶼲ס˲ˣ
һҲ֪ԼԲ˿࣬һԸԿɱһԸԿ࣬ڸĸı£˳ˮ۹˼⣬Ҷһ
ڶľмˣͷУǰҲܡ
ûУĸˣɷΪҹͣδٵо·𵹼ʱըʱٱըĿܣ͸ĥˣеҪıơ
Ů˲Ž֪ѧ㣬ͺˡ
ıߵķ̧꣬ĸףˣһ޹ȥ˰ɣ
ĸһ㶣ֺۣ㻹ңһΪңܲܳԿ֪ܲɵЩ߰ģҪûӣҶûҪǻ˾ͷһ
ҪƲ죬Ȼһ㶣ӣ
ĸŬõδԼԹֱ


99  99 

ȥΡ¼ƽ, ɣһϢ˰µĸ, һλˣ
Դӡֳ̨һ, Ŀ, ΪСıӪϴԺڸ˷׷׵Ǹ, תȥ²۳
ϾĿ, һʼǳ, ἰѵ, ּĽڲίʱûʱҿ
ĸ, ͷβû˵ʲô
˵ʱ˾籾
Ժ, ûвμʲôսĿ, ˿ѡ
Ҷÿ϶һεĲ飬̫ȥμգϷ, Ҳܿ, ˺ܳһʱûϢġ
ֱһ³, ȥΡյһڲ̶αи
ٴ֣˶Ȼһ¡
, ȥ°ΪһֲջĹ̶α
ϧ˵ʮڣѾ˷˿־壬, ̫鷳, еĳ², Ϊͷˡ
ԵȵڶĿֲѣûԼ
ֲѱϾСգȲߣһΡȥΡղڶԸİġ
ֻİһδνĿУʧֻʣСùֱ6666
ΪգǼ򵥵ĻᣬʳΪɿڵʳýĿα۱֣ڹΣֵصĲϵ˽⣬˽ĳһҲŻ
ڹΣǾͨϵͳܴŴҲ·Ѱҵʵ۲򵥵·˺ܶӡ
һιɳ٣ܼʱӦ˳ֽɳҵ͵֡
ȫȤʳԼĻ羰Ľܡ
еķΧͷβɵš
˿˶ụలټϽĿʮ㣬֪ĿҲԽԽ࣬ԭ챻ĸһλ
ȽĿպòֲ꣬ᡷߣȶȣʹݳ֮ⶼˣײҲǳãӾʹһڶ졣
һ£иԼĴ
ȶȣдʹǺڷۣҪޣҲ˵ʲô
֣һߣʱʱ̶̿ţʹͷµˣ£ǾΪ
ϰķԸ֣͸绰װģϰ˵Ҫͬ
˾СС΢һ㣬ǵһ㣬˫ĺԼҲǳƽ
ڡ󹬡ĻѾ֮ǰĸٹ˾ҪǽǣϰҲͲסˡ
⻰ԤϵЦе֣㣬鷳ϰ˵һ£Ҫ˾ɷݣУҾ͸ΥԼԼҡ
֣¶ҰҲµ֣֪ô˵̽ϰ壬ܽܣֻǿҪö಻ࡣ
ٷ֮ʮ
ͦġֹ֣һɣһȥһ¡
֣ˡͷ
֣·˷ۣЩģҪ̸£ߵʱҾͺá
һᣡ
*
Ȼ̸£ˣΪ˾עһʽ
󹬡籬ԭһƽ̨ǩЭҲٵ֣ȵ֮ƽ̨ҲҪȥƽ̨һϷ֣Ͷʵǧû˵˺üǧ
˰֮ͷ²٣һңǩǱˣȫû⡣
ԭ˾ͬˣһּ˲١
ͬöҡһ˹ɶ
ҶһΪҪȢĵֵʱƣİֻֻ㿴һʱ䣬ͼһͣ#ɶ#
üһΪʲôɫţʶȥͼһӪ˵ǰʱѾϢĳ˹˾ɶ
˾ĿǰСΧţǩ˼źбʶȵˣһպǡ󹬡ⲿ
Ҳǰʱ粥ڼ䣬Ӫҵ˽»۲ͣĵֳһŵ
ϰˡ
Ŷ󣬲֪Ǽ١
Ҷоͷֵֹġ
ûʽֻǸʱܻǱĽϢ֪
Żǵһ˵
üͷ΢ָԾ㿪ĵƵƬŮԱߣ·ʱ˳һ£ǰܹĳ߹һ·з
һọ̈̄кƫͷߵˡ
ΪϣĲ֪ʲôɫɴƵ͵ĵĶ̶һֱעӣй
ҶпſžЩƣɴ಻˳Ӫŷ΢ʱԶ£һµֱһ##
ʱѾҳϣտѣҳ˳صҳϡ
Ҷд˴Ѹٵ΢㿪ѡ
ʮǰһӪŷһƵƵһŮӵǣʱܶݣżӣȻֿˣǣ뿪;Ů§Сܣɷˡ
Ļһģĵˣĵˣ
о𰡣
Ǹҵ죬о𰡣
ʹˣоˡ
ˣֲż˼Աģǰ綼ˡ
ףף
ĻһҶежϣ¶Ҷиոտŵˡ
üͷ壬˵ĲζôźһûзӦΪһˣ»ģǰҲһ룬Щܡ
ʱԸʮЭҲΪһʱҪ֤Լû˸ģûԼʲô
ʵ֤ûԼܵһ˾Ĺɶٷ֮ʮĹɷݣ˵֮ǰ󹬡ⲿͶˣ׬Ҳ١
ñйȻöˡ
˳΢Ҷþòƽ
ֱһͨ绰и磬һˣ
ģҶоϲվϰΪĶѸٺײǽϣһ죬ҲûͷһۣĻˣȥҽԺˣ
ЦĸŶӣﷺ⣺ûУа˵ģܶ϶ˡ
ҶмزУͲСˣͱȸ꣬ʱӣɳٳûϢˡ
˺ӣܲٻᷴ԰ɣ
ϾǼĵһӡ
ҪкүүҲ᳹װø˾Ĵ㡣
ѹżѯĵҲû˵ȳţȥ顣
мڶý
Ҷг׷¸ոտǰ޵Ͻȷϻܵı棬ֱ׵İ칫ҡ
֣ĻˡҶпھôһ仰
ͼ˶ӾüҶɲǼüͷøˣ˵һ飿
Ҷֵ׵ֵĻеģ
Ҷȷģ
Ҷвõ֣ң˭ģǴε⣬Сûҵĵ绰԰Ѽˣͻȥˣ֮ҲûӴ
ҶɫЩô϶ȻģӻҶҵһϲӵĸףɺѾˣΪ¿ڣٲЭǸԸġ
ȻҶ˼˵ӣԼҶԳϣϣҶϲæ
ҶŵķȻĿ϶Ҳ⡣


100  100 
ǰͱ, гĹȫޣ󲿷⹤̶ѾȥˣҲ˵Ҫ⳥ǷӵһǮ
Ǯ㹻Ԫ, ˵֮ǰЩ֮, ֹǮ˳еΡ
ոûʲô, ɼܲ, , ١
ټһʼ͵˰©˰
϶β, ֻһ׬Ǯ, Ĺ˾ǿϡ
Ϊʲô˵ǿأ
Ϊܹ˾Ѻ, Žϡ
һ֣һûڻоʸ񳹵׽, ոҲϢ, ǿάת
ĴӲļҵ, ΢һ㣬ʱ仹Ǻ棬ŲӣֻܿŸĸ, ȻҶֺõЦ
ҶҶǰŻĻģʵδʶĵ뷨
ְֵ߳ĻϲУҶڵõҶͬ󣬵һʱϵ칫˾
ڼ, Ҷ
Ļ֪Ҷе뷨, ֪, Ļ裬ֻźú̥޸ҶУ˺ӣǷ޹ϵ϶ܳɵģ
ΪĶˣĺܿԻҶű£Ϳʼٰ
ʮʢҪҶĸ˼
ȻǶ飬ƵƵͷԭǻмḶûҶܣ϶ܿȦ伣
˭֪˼һ÷ˮ𣬵Ҷһֱ²ۣϵķԷܹӰһҶңҲǶ뷨ôҿôҶҾҪȢϱˣ
Ϊһʼ׼͸ʢ󣬲ǶŷҪûֱȨޣǣͷĸҪֱڿ϶١
ҶжͬˣǿҾܾ²Ų֮
Ҫ˵ŲԸøһĻ
ܾúŸҪ˵
ǰһҪΪ⴩ɴƫƫ컯Ūˣһ̤ľ档
ҪǸ϶ᳰЦԼġ
ֱͲֱɡ
ҶҲںЩ
ճٰġ
ʮһա
ʱ󲿷˶Ź٣ʱʢĻܿ챻ѡ
һֻ֣ˡ

*
ûֻ൱û磬֣Ҳÿĵ򿪵ӿС棬Ƿһһ治Ҷ֪ˣǽŲҸҲȥһ
֣ŵһû£𰡣̣ϴͲȦҵĻ΢ص㣬˾üĿҪء
ЦҿЦģǲˣûϣֻң֮ǰϽԼ˴ϷϽˡ
֣¾᣺ǡ
治ֻҶ̫ˣŪô¡أѶˣܾöԷǹġ
ڸǹ˾ıϷãۣͶ۹Ҳܲϰ֪ˡ󹬡úܺãǸ˽ͶʣޣǩԼʱʲôͶʣǿһ
֣Ҳ˵Σһ̳£
ǹ˾׬׬ǮͿˣ
֪ĵģûһʼǵôò֣Ұɡ
֣ԥԥɵֲ񣬻ǽֻȥˡ
һͻȥֻһصͽˣ֣һ
Ҫʱֻһ绰
ڵ绰Ǳ߾㿴ûѣԲۣˣ
ţֱ壬ʲô£
һ߿һߴ΢
ҶкĲǽ𣿽ӲˣԲۣ̫̼ˣ
ʱҲѣ#Ļʧ#
¿Ǵ£Сʱǰ#Ҷн#ѻţھͱʧٵѡ
ˣô£ҲЩ±ơ
ôʧˣ
ŵ˽һһЩأѲͲȥˣ
𼤶֪ʧˣҲûӻĺۼѵѵ˵ֳĺۼǱܣ
˻֣һΪ̼ķľ
˼ʧ٣ûǰҶûõˣҲܱȰöࡣ
ҾҲûа
ݵͨû˼Ϸˣֻſķչ˶ֻǰȴ
ֵ̫߾Ĺ΢Ҳͨ棺ŮĳվŵھƵͺʱʧ٣Ʒĺۼûб˿ļԼ

ĸһȫʼ²⵽˭ƱߵľǼ⡣
ʵϣȷʵҲһʧˡ
û˵̫ϸݣ㣬֪ϸںܶ࣬ʱʵļȻܷŹһ飬ôϵ
ʱֵ˭ѾԶˡ
ȫѲ⣬ϴȷλãΪͿԽŲѰ
˭֪һֱϡֱ˾Ǽ⣡
ϢһֱӣҲȥˣͷһС䣬ûκβͬѰĲ޷֪
Ȿվھͷǰ˧ݵü̲üһͲǺ˵ӣһǰʱŮ޵İס
Ѿѵ˰ɣûҰġƵĿڣžͷЦһ£ȴûһЦ⣬ֻз񣺡һģΪʲôַأ
ĻըˣȫȰ˵侲
⿴ûһ㲨ߵһѾͣˡֱӾͷĵΪʲôÿζˣСʱʶģϲĲҡ
ǶŽˣͻȻڡ
Ϊô£ӽҶеˣҶУΪڣжˣͷˣһˡ
Ļ£
ȻʵΪʲôַˣΪʲôΪҶ𣿾Ϊĺ𣿣
ˣ¶ڴϻԲѵŮˡ
ġ
Ҳ²ĻǲԸģΪʲô뿪Ƶʱûһ
Ψбˡ
ʱ䣬ˣǵļ֤£źһ߰ɡ
˵ëȻĻըһȰ裬ȴûߣ缢ƿʵĶģһգգ
·˵ģ仰˵꣬۽ëۣãĿ˿ΧĿڼϣƺЩԺ⣿ô㣿
Цſᣬȴû˵
žҶһɫĿĻȴΪķӦ
Ҷл񣺡죬ǿȥ˰ĶﻹкӣҪǳ£һʬˣ
һ˰һֶԲߡ
˭Ҳ֪᲻ͻȻˣ
ͷԽѣɫԽԽףȻԶ뼾⣬־⣬Щ¡
¶ãȻôң
ʿˮЦҲģֻҪЦ𣿡
ȴƫƫ¶һĨЦݣֱ˺Ҷ˶ͷƤ飺ãСģһ
ĸˣȫҶ޵
ΪʲôԸΪҶУΪĺӣΪǮңΪӣ
ĻҲŻˣ侲㣡
⣬ٻҲϲ˰
ÿ£ӣ
Ҷиۣ޼ȴΪһȭڳϣҧгݵ⣡ҪǸҪ
ͷȴ͵ҡͷẰǰ⣬ģģֻ뱨ѣءĺӣ
صõĵĻһӿհˡ
¶˵ӡ
µòУһĿҡͷˣǣ鶼ˡ
ͷ⣬Ҷ߽ӲϣӲһ·ȫ죬ָӱߵĿĻ
ҶĽԼҵһҲɵˡ


101  101 
ĲŴӻ, ֪֮ǰʲô£ʧأԼʱ״̬̫, һͽ˵
Ϊ˱ⱻҶҲԼ, ԴǴ֮󣬾ûûмϵ
Ⲣ֪ĵ뷨, ҲֻǴű뷨, Ҷһĺӡ
˭˶أ
һλֻǽһը, ͷǰĹ, ԼҶȫ±ˡ
ĻݵĿհ׺󣺡
, Ľ̼
ʲôĽ룡˾ȥɣ
Ҷо߷쳣
ֻԸţ׷ԼܵŮȻԼôһñ, Χ˿ͬĿ⣬ԼҶҸĸŭɫУҶдǼٵģֻΪüŹѣ
ҶѿɫԻ, ȴû֮ͬǰǰ㽹
Ҷ˵ģ, Ҳ, ˼ڴӳһ, ͵Ӽˡ
ҶԼĻ, Ҷа, ԼҲ
ƫƫʱͷ, ˵仰ûлӦ, żģôܻΪҶأ֪ģҴʮ׷Ըȥϲһ·ֵŮҲԸϲҡ
ͷˣƾʲôҪȥӦǷߺޣЩ˵Ҫ֪һΪҶУ˵ģ
˻ʲô
˵ţֱֱĿż⣬һ㲻ҺôΪӣ⣬Ұֻ㣬ĺӣˣǵģ㲻Ҫɵº𣿡
ǵģҶУԲŻ£εı
ϾҪҶоס/󣬶ԼģҪǲ飬ҲͲ֪ռҵ£ԼһʱѰͻƿڡ
Լܱȱ˾ٱˣǷȫһģ
ۿֱѣ̼
ԲǷܼģģ
ñӿȫ֪ˣ
Ҳиˣ仰Բֵģ˷׷׿ʼ٩
ɫҲˣȻˣؼǵþһʼЩҶУɺźͼദĲҶˡ
һУΪ֮ı
Ҷӣ
ϱƫִҪĵزģôⱲ׵Э
֣΢ţԲۣˢӣȻ棡
ͷ⣬Ҷʧ𾪶ѹĿĻ
Ҷ˸ջһɫˣҲˣϵת뿪ʱҶҶлһƴȥܻ㻹վʲôؼң
ҶбԴ˺ð죬µĸŸĸ뿪ƺĻ£ûзӦ
ĻڼȻˣһӦȴϲǾŵĿֱֻһʱֱرա
˶ǲžͷģ֮ǰĶûע⣬ʱȥҲſȥͿһյĻ棬ý˵ճ
üһֱãһ䣺⣬ʲô
صֱɫҵ͸¶źڣֱұ㡭ɤɳƣұһģԲ𡭡
ֱֱŵ˵һ䡣
ҵĵͷҶУҶңʵûԸҶңҪһʼûõģĬĬһӡ
õȴʧȥϲ˻ôΪһӣ
ΪģȥԷһУΪʲôΪϣ
ƫִ׷ҶУͬƫִػġ
ƫִΪһֲ̬һͬҲǻء
һڵϣԲ𡣡
Բʲôãļ񾭲Ȼֱɱ˶֪ˣӻȥˣ
ˣҿ
ĺ޼ż⣬ʱҲ̲סˣֻ˹ȥ˼£ſڴһ죬һȺԱǹ֡
Ķס׹ѣ춼ˣǵҳûˣҶҿ϶֪ˣһģĸĸҪ֪ˣ᲻ᱻѪ
һǳ⡣
еһ㷴Ӧûˣֻ֪ĬĬᡣ
ܺߣû˵ʲôǰһǹżԴһ
һĹ
ûзĬ˫֣ξ콫ϡ
ôѾǼ򵥵ĸˡ
Ķſ⣬ֻܿϺɫڵסԴɫһۣ;úҰޱȣˣ
ʲôˣ
ľţްڴϣӳһ£ʹ
*
ֱ־ֱͱˡ
һʼǾԸô£ֱҲˡ
Ҳ֮˳ֱ֣ĿֱⷢûӦ̲ס˵ˡһԡ
񾭲
һܱŻҪȢŵ񾭲
һ޸ҶȴƫҪ޸ñ񾭲
һҪȢ˼ȴû£򼫶˵񾭲
ûлش̾Ϣһαء
ֻǿµҲôֵز
֮󣬾Ҳ˹˵˺Ϻһ󣬵Ϊûأ²˵ɧ
ŸǰҲ˵ģֻķ˿ÿζûйϵˣҲˡ
ⷽ滹ͦϵģҥ˵ҥľͷʦͥ
š󹬡£µ飬ĻҪ棬ȶ/ȥݵġԵҲˡ
һһĵӾ磬ˢһȶȣ˵۹ãӾķ춼ܲżμӸգǶ϶ˣμӵƷǺƷ
ڶ꣬Ϳš󹬡ŮǣšԵŮǡ
ǰûýýˡ
һʱԽֿȡ
ҵϺʱҲ˱ٹи棬Ҳ󷽷żУöԷ£˺͹еĹϵܲĸ˽ûкڵ㣬ˡ
ƺЩˣ
ҶǶʮС꣬ÿȳƤġ
һµӰǹ͵ĵϣҶбײȥҵϢ
ײ˵Ҳߣɱ
ĵƬɱ֮ǰñ¼Ůġ
¹ʱ΢ϣ㷺ۣҶ˵Ϊ𣺡ⲻûþɱһǸĵģ˵ԲĶమⰡ϶Ϊ뾡취ҶС
ǰɣҾò񰡣Ͼⶼ˶ãҪҶУͿʼˣǵȵڣ
ô£ĺúõؿҲǷ˸񰡣˵ҶУҲﲻҪԷĵزɣ
ǲҶҶʲô
ʱû֪֣վɸһ𿴰ԣҲЩʣ˵ĵΪʲôҪҶУ
˵ģ̫ãΪԭײҶУеǣǿ
ǰʽƲǷеǮϣҶҳ֣ǷծֶһʣǮûʲôѹռҼˣ
˵ǲ̳вƲŮñծ񣬵ϳµǰһѾ빫˾Ҳӵй˾Ĺɷ֮ģҲҪеһ֣ټĸţծͷϣ㲻
һֱڹעص£Ҳ֪ҶұˣһҲûһ㶯ҶٵòˣҶϲ̳ˡ
һֱԼҶӵ̳˵ҶҸĸģ
ɲҲû취ֻռҳ׵壬Ȼѡ
ܹӮӱɱһΣɱڶΣôΪ˼⣬ֻΪԼ
ΪԼҶУҶҸĸͬʱҲǸԼһѡ
û׼һٴأ
Դֻ˵Ρ
ƿǧ磬ܻЩ⣬ˣͻᱻ޸
Ϊ©Ѿܹһúðգ£㹻ֲĿһж˳졣
ûУ£һξɱԶݵĽѣ±Ҳù


102  102 £꣩
վڲſŬ, ȴſڵҶĸʵʵʲôһ˫ɺŨŨΣ, ҿиɡ
ȥûѣҶĸ
Ҫ, ǴСĺֵܣһ뵽ΪԼĴϣ³ľ棬˵Ļ
ƣ, , ֪, , Ҿ͸Ǹ
ҶĸǲԸɿ, ȴҶе裬
ɳҶĸۿһ, ÿˡ
ɴ⣬ɿȥͿϲŹ, ˫/Ƚ֫ڴϵ꣬һ, ڵ, ߣСĲ, и, Բ𣡡
û뵽Ļô
Ȼײ˵¡
ʱ, ʵѾܳʱûϵ, ΪԼĴ, ŵҶкһ𣬽ĸҶдñӣֵȫ֪Ҷ̧ͷȫȥ
һ͵ڡ
ҶΪĵķicu£˺öһˣǿ̽ӡ
Ǹ
ȻܵǴ
ҪǱҲ⣬ҶǴСĺѣ䵽ز޷ܡ
ҶдֵܣʹĥʱҶҲǺ޹ģҪҪǼһԺ˵ĵĺãôں͸ĻпС
ôΪһʱ͸飬źһһıȸã
ֻǺΣ
ҶӣҶཫĸĸܻܿһȴΪٶʲô
һĺʲô壿
Ҷúˣ˵֮Ҳƣھ״̬Ǹ⣬ƽĻأ¸ϵ󣬲
ˣᶼˣҶƽ֪˵ʲô磬ҡ
ҶвЩһ䣺ôˣ
һ㶣ŲԸ˵
ҶƳɫ֪˵ɣܳס
ԥƬ̣˵úܺãϷ춼ܺãһڵĵӰƱҲܸߡ
Ҷе˵ʱ䣬֮ǰҶ֪
ʱ˿ȶ뼫ߣֱͶʣԭССһ˾ˣڹ˾һһ㣬кüǳܻӭԱ˵˾ƾҲڽ׻ῪȻǸݣƬˣ˳˥
뿪Լúҫۣҫ۵ÿο۾̲סɬһ¡
ɼʹᣬɿƲסȥעע֮о͸ƣѭûеʱ
ҶеҪ󣬳Ĭ˰죬˵ʱûʲôţһǡˡ
Ҷкһ죬ҧ˵
۾һգ˵µ鱻ѾˣӲӦκ飬Ҳûڣǰֱĵһȥ棬ˡ
ȿȡҶԣһȾȫۣҰײҰ׵ġ
ҵ磬ûͬ⣬ģ
ҶԸоһ˿οҲոյĴ̼̫ãҵ飬ҽ
ܿ˹ͻҶĸԼҶӣ޺޵Ľ˸ߡ
һҺҶɫһ㣬ĸ׿޺裬𣿡
Ҷĸһứֹס˵ˣ
ڣ
ôܲڣ
һʼϳ£ͺڣ縶أ벻ˡ
ɺŪһ׮׮£ԼúõضӺֿȵԱͶˣȦ׬Խںޡ
Ҳ޼£ֻܲȥ룬ȥʲôûġ
*
Ҷĵ꣬նӰŮǽվһŮǵĵλ
ֵͬǩԼһŮ䣬һ䣬ŮǵӾ緽Ľ㹻ɫ
úպһ
ˣ֪Ҫǽš
Ϣ죬ѻڱû˸绰绰ǸġҸ˵ҿ㽶˾Ӵ绰ˣ϶Ҫۣ
⻰ֱЦ˰Ҫ۾͸Ͻģû۵һ̣˵
ûܸ״ɹ죺Ҿͦ׬ǮģͽҲð
ˣٴңû˯ءϾܾ˵绰
˭֪ûһ绰ˣո״żɱŽǻ쵰ģ˼Ҵ˵绰˵ǱĹ˾ǽţˣ
֪һ˽㣿ЦԣżҲ롣
绰ǱߵšʵҪǲҲû£ԹǣǱ֤ԹԵġ
˻м궼ȥǩˣһƴݼ̨ϱֳɫ֪˿٣Ƕסһᣬ˴֮ѣֵܣ״²١
඼ϣȥǡ
ᣬÿζܹȥ
Ҳ⣬ܹȥҶϵ绰۾һգůı˯
ûһߵŵ𴲣ϴžʼ
ϲѼɡ
*
ųҵĻֶŮ
ٴֻоƨ/ɺۣѹжӡ·սһȡ
ʶ˰ӣͻأ߹ǱԵһɱЩݵĶӡ
һθۡ
£ܾԽһЩʱһżָˮ͵ߡ
Ȳ죬ࡪ£ЩˣȻ£һŮ͵˵ԣ˯һ˯˾Ͳˡ
գۣͷһɬ۽ˮˣż̰Ҫ۾۾Ǻ׵ģòҲֻһ㶫
ûŬһ£洫һԵĺɶأϹˣһǮôϡ
˸˵꣬Ů˶סصˣ
ǡ֨Ŀ·Զȥ
һӦ߰ʮ磬Σգֱӽռ䡣
һһɼ䴫Ͷ
һѾƹݶʹһ
ԭ1950꣬ʮ꣬ƼҴƴӵŮ
ʱҲպǼĵڶ꣬ʱֻ󲿷ֵɺʳϡ٣˲ˣԭڵĵطȻǸɺĵΪȫˣҲȱʳʱ
ԭ𣬼ֵ״̬СС;صθ
Ϊʱԭɫǻ˵ģ˶Ǹݵģֻм΢ôݡ
еһԭСùãǼųһĴڡ
˵Сͷ
Ƽүү۵ĺĪʮǰԭǰųŮʵԭС£ɳȴԭһͷҲݣ岻ʱܳһƤװ׵ģԭǼֱõĴ
ԭҲϲСùߣǰڴܳԵһԷ©ʳ
һΣԭģԴڴˣƼ̽ãŮʱķǮƿˮ
ǿˮ
ũرϡĶ
ԭһ·СùãСùˮȥСߵһ룬ˤһӣˮˤȥ
۴ޣԭææˮƿȻҪСùá
ƫƫ;̣ŮǿޣӵѾͷŮˮƿ
ȻŮˮ
ŭˣԭڵôһ١
ҲµĴ߻ټºСùúʱСŤ˽ţҪûǮ
ԭʮյ죬õĵһȻһİˡ


103  103 
ȱʳ, ũӡתúǺ¡
ŮӣƼүү̵УﲻȱŮ, ûʱѾ, ô꣬ôȻġ
ԼŮȻԼ, ЩǮǲͬģ
ԭǸĸΨһĺ, ĸĸҲ, ˵к΢һ, ƫƫƼүү˺ü, Ϊ϶ҲС, ϡ
СͷɣƫƫԵҲ٣ԭôһѾǺܺ, ֮ٳûеڶӣũĵط, һֱ˳Ц, Ժûϡ
ԭ̿޺żûǮСŮβ, Ҫһʱ
ԭ׵硢ܵܶвֹһ, ҲԸԼŮ, ΪŮܸ׬һʲѡ
Ψԭ, ûеܵ, ûҪѡгȥǸ
ԭһʼҲԸ⣬˼Ҳʱ˼룬ĸĵȰûӣԺϿô죿
ҪŮˣǾԭ׹Լҵܵܵһš
ԭǸʵĺӣһֲܸĸ۰ĺӣ󷴶ĸĻϣøĸԼһ㣬
ʹٲԸ⣬Ҳ⻰еģøĸˣʹͬˣȻΪԭȡľǸ˵Ѿֵûã˾ܹϺӵġ
ԭߣԭĸΪã򵽹ۣûбʲôرķӦһ
ԭۿԼʮǮʱ۸ͦߵġ
ԭͳһһɵӵͯϱ
ɻҲԭҪõ㣬ĴȫԼԡ
ȡˣڼҲܳԸ뱥㲻϶ãܻ
ֻǶԷǺģֻΪܸԼɵӴڽӴ
ԭʮʱǼ˾ȲԼɵӺԭԲûãԭˣϧʱһʬˡ
겢δɢͣϣ֪Լʲôǻģ˼Ƿյģͣĵطܶꡣ
ʱһ仯ӻĺڰԽԽ
ֱһ죬Ȼѣԭôãôɣôȴһû
źܡϣѵһ̣һĨŨҵҪúûţõʱ
*
գۣˮһĨƶʪ͸ˡ
һʶȥϤһ塣
˭֪ճ־һ
ȻǳԴСùǳԲԭõõʳﱾͲ࣬Ҫһ˷һָСùã֫
üͷ壬һŨҵȭͷˣ
Ƽ˿̫ˣ
ʱȻѣڹͬŬ£ʵҲܻ
ȻԭүүΪҳڼﻰȨһǮƶգȴֻƫԼСŮ
ֻƫģųģеһжΪų裬ӾǸݡ
ԣ˼ҲݶԼΪǵĶӣһж÷׸ԼСŮǲТ
ŮܶģŮеزҲͬں˵νŮУֻԼŮŮк
ҧţڳһ亹Žֽ
ԭʱ磬˴ʳõĴԭĸ״ͷͳһͱԭҪˣŻθʹһʱ򻹲ڶô졣
Ƽ˻ûּң˶סͺͨũլԺԺֻʵ˵ﻹ͵͵ֻļȥǮˡ
һ˿ڴȥƽＸֻﱲĺÿȥɽ£ҸֳιĻÿµ
Һýĵڣ
ϲó½ԵθʹĶ˴û췴ʼŬˡ
һлָԭڴϣĿ񣬽ʡ
һκ˯ˡ
ٴʱû֮ǰôҲòȥٿɫ̫պɽչԴʱ䡣
зˣ
Щ˻ûϽȥԷ
ڵĴȫ尴ͷ͵ĵطҪԷʱֱӹȥʢͺãҲǰͷģһû¹ǵһ
򷹵ӿЦĻͦġ
ЦЦûԣȹԡ
ɣ磬һ㡣ӿӣ̫ˣʢʱڡ
Сӵֻа룬һǿǴˡ
˷ͶһߣȳԼģڴڵġ
һ㣬ӾѾоˣжʱһ㣬ԭ̫ûԱˡ
ճȥٵƼҲˡ
*
Ա˻˯
˯һ洫һ󶯾ƼҲ˻
ÿϹ綼СʱϢʱ䡣
۾˯֣ģأ
ǲ˭͵͵ˣ
׺ӣＸӣŮŵøһӵҡͷ
̫ˣһ˫۾ǣȷûѣһ϶ҵķ䣺Ѿأǲ
۾ԭƶɶ˵϶Ѿҵġ
һʲôҵģùõˮ
û˵ʲô
꺢ʵѾŽͲģֻΪ϶ûģѾΪʲôʼͽ͡
еЩѾһСȷʵ͵
˶ֻܳԸ뱥ѼԵ٣żһûµġ
ϻǲˡ
ƶڨЦһֺõ˵ȥˮˮûˮˡ
ԾͲˣһˮýƨ/ɺɻ۵һҪϴˮ衣
աƶӦ£ճ˷ڸɾҲ㡣
ʱһͽԺӴɨ˵ԭĸҲһʱ俴ŮȿŴӻϧóһͷС˵˸ͷȳԣ
ҡҡͷ裬԰ɣȥԷ˵ġ
Ա£Ǹֳԡ
ͷùߣ裬Լԣ
ʱŮһֿµķ׾ԼҲڸۻػȻûôأһеóԵģˣԼ
ͷߣҪܽӣ͸ſͷֱӵˣֻҧһڣֵ⺢ӡ
ھͷСٶھûˡ
ֻҪԣֻܽꡣ
ˣĸŮڴϢڲ۵ģһ˯ˡ
ֹһСʱƶɽݵģϴżֺЦݣû˯ţһţ۾ְָ֣Ҳˮϴȥ
ɫӵĿ
Ҫ˵ײԭɣҲǣֻТȣĸ׵ĻƴӣŮеĵλȲһֶӡ
զˣ˯Ϳˣƶɵ٩һŮԴ
ҡҡͷûоܾ⣬亹ָɣҪ䣬ˣϴˮҲ
ϴ裬оԼܶ࣬ԼϴˮˣŻʱͿԭСùվſڡ
ϴϴͷСﴩŸɾ·ָʹѾҰϴˮˣ
ĥȭͷӲˣ


104  104 
ֻȭͷӲʲôã
֪, УùСƼһŮŮ, һʤ㶼ûС
ûп, ֱܻط䡣
𲻸ˣſڶţɤǺţѾҳ
ĸʵզզˣ
û, ϴˮأƶæһ, ȥõϴˮˡ
ĺһ, û˵ʲô
ȻЩˬ, ϴˮǵ, ԺŶķſвѾԺ׼ˣ
Ǵĺ, ΪиָĺóԵģԭҲΪܳԵһ©ʳĺӸҲһĵ
вͨСһвԡ
ֻǶ, һ㷴ӦûС
ʱˣܹһ, ڵˮĶ粻ͬ, ͷҡͷԵܿˡ
ƶҡҡͷ, ϴźûص, ֪Ůû˯, Ѿ, ´Сùý㵹ˮȥ, ֪һ²̻᲻ϲġ
۾ţһûԡ
ƶ۾һɣŮӣЦˣҪƨ/£ͱһƴ£ѹû㹻˰Ѿűˣ緹ûԣ㻹򣡡
ƶæЦҾǽ̽⺢̫ˣû򡣡
̾ϢһЩ˵ҲͱѾС£ҪˮԼȥѾʲô
ƶüǽ˵㣬ѾҪٲҪϲˣûӡ
˵ҲˣòкԼĴĸû˵
һֱĬĿ˶Ϊ˯ˣƶûٽŮĨ˰˵˯ɡ
һûϴءּææܳȥ
ûʲôǲģũæĻҲ࣬һЩ͵˻Ŵˬȥ죬˶ؼ˯
һҲһ⣬ҪϲֻĨȥ
˯ãϻǱԼ˯š
ҪǾ壬ܱ֤Լȫˡ
ڶȥϹһվԺ﷢ʩѾǵð·ϴˣѾæѾԺӶѾ
һкӶź˻ӣرۣ𣬺Ͳӣûһŵġ
ȥ˵͡
ϵĴϡ࣬׶󿪻ˣΪһ壬ôӡ
࣬͵͵ɽߡ
ʱصĲݶ޶ˣɽ¶ǹͺͺģر𷽱㣬ȫûʮ˶ܣػķϵӡ
ŲЬѾϰˣûоòʡ
ߵɽ£˽Сʱ⻹ߵÿĽɽײȥҪ˵Ұϻ֮ģ߳Ҳ࣬ʲôҰ֮ģҲǹҲƲҪ͵͵Ū֪ˣᱻٱ
һСӣȥҲû⡣
ɽïܵɽֵסߣŵɽԵøɽµĴׯ
Ϣһּߡ
ڲȵ㡣
ͬʱҲһɽϵĲҩʱҩղҩģɣһҩģܱˣ̫ʱҲ߰/²źʡ
ɽķ˰ʱ䣬ȿ쵽ʱȻҵһɽ
Ȼܻܾûˣλûرƫ
ˣױҵ
·ϲɵĲҩ⣬Ϳܻȥˡ
ʱɽʱ仨˽һСʱȻȥʱ·ŰСʱһǰʳóԷ
ȿٳָϽܡ
*
ǮӢǣŹŮĸӡӵźӣƺƵʳóԷ
ӾһϹ²һӶʶ˿ôһˣ͸ĽӢиôһӣ磡
ǮӢüЦǣѣûˣĸծģһԵǽһ࣬ҪǵʱûҪû׼ˡ
֣ҲɫЩ˸Ľ˵Ҫ϶᲻ã㿴һܸɶٻȥܶȱ˼
ǰʮӴһ겻֪ٹ֣
ǻ⼸ӦõģǮӢƳĸӣĿϣ˼ںͦãһ֪ôأŮծӴ
ɱϹ˵Ͻ㣬ҾûļҶӱǼһТ˳ġһӱȽϵɵŮһЦĽ۾ˡ
öðˣһӣԺϽͲóˡ
ӻ˺öŮһ˸һ㣬ϰꡣ
ԽĽǮӢԽòһһ߿ࣺТ˳ѾˮԸ⣬ڵĺӣһһ
ںͷû˵ƶĵͷʲôڸС
ӴѾͷôݣ˾ȣѾǸʵĺӰ
ǮӢƲ죺ֻһҶݣô꣬ڻҪӹŮ
˵⣬ȴûлشˡ
ֲû۾һȻûТ˳ƽĹûķһԶŮǲģ˵ڳԴ
ǮӢԼĹŮԵÿɱȼӵĶӻҪá
ԹӱԹ𾢶ǮӢһûע˵񣬻ڼ²ۣһֱʳãű죬ϽȥŶӣ㣬Ҷ㣬ۺˡ
򷹵Ů˷˸ۣҪʣµ˻Բˣ
ǮӢ㬣ֵһиŮûԣҲҴ£
ѾճˣŮ˵Ȼ˷Ͻÿ
ʲôѾͷȻǰˣһǮôǮӢ⻰ֱ߷һֿû㿴ĺѾͷֱ
ǰ˾ˣԼһ٣ôˣ
һСһپ͵ˣֲһĻĻæҵĻС̫Сˣɲ˻ܸɲɻҪԣʵ̫ˣ
ǰʹ˷ǲһ
ǮӢ뵽⣬øˡ
ոջĵŮķǰ˵͵͵˿ԴҲ
ȴˣ裬ˣó
ǮӢ죬С䣬ˡ
Ҫмһģһ˵/ɩʲôãѾڼأ
еĸмʱʧĵĿš
ȻǮӢǱˣЦԣѾҰˣȥͽѵѵ
һ˷ȴԵʳ֪ζ͵ԼҹŮŽѵųô죬ҲԿˣ㵽ʱŴŮȥţ¡
˼Щʱǰûɷܰæġ
ʱ˴󶼳Է죬һƼ˳ˣϴ룬ߣಽĸţҸ֮ǰһһܲĥͷ
ȵƼңǮӢԭʣòŭ⣬ȴںѾûᣬŭٴͷǰ϶ҵţ
ȴСѾͷſ棬һţԷĴڳȥ
ǮӢʶȥ̣춼ԵûЩֱһŤ֣塣
ǮӢˣŭ￴ܣȥ
һͷȴѾͷԼһԿֵĹŮȥģ
Ѿ㷴ˣǮӢŭȡ
ŵԺ˶һ£ûס
ȫûзѾһ˹ȴǴǽһٳ̵̧ؿڡ
𾪿ֵĿţֱɵˣضؿڱһʹӴĲҽƼԺ
Уȥˤڵϣƨ/Ҳˤʹˣứؿھʹ޺ȴڲҽ֮󷴶ʧˣᡣ
𣡡ǮӢĿѣܹȥŮĿѪһֻ̣Ҫո۸ԼŮŮʬΡ
Ȼһأ


105  105 
û뵽ô͸ġ
廹û, ԭ̫࣬ƻԼٻȴ£ȻʳôûɶӪ, Ҳ΢ӣȥɽתת, Ūһܶһ塣
˭֪ǮӢıƻĻҪ͡
Ҳˡ
ԭżĵί, һ㲻Լ, ڲǮӢͼ, ƻǰ
ڴ򲻹ǮӢԷǳũ, һ΢һ˶Ǵ򲻹ģֱӵתĿꡣ
ø, ԭΪ𰤴򣬽ʹ
ܣʮ
Ƽ˶ûӦ, ͷˡ
ϴȫĿɿڴԭûж, ǮӢһ⼸ɵӾͺޣɵվŸȥѾͷ׷ñȥǿ, ϴ, ȥǮ
ȫ϶ûбԸ
ΪոմŮľ϶Ů
һ䣬˲Ż, һ, ҲܣѾ
˾Ϳﻳߺ, ̲סࡣ
ôһ£ؿڣڿ޺ǮӢİװ׾Сʱʮֿ
ǴѾĽùãʱÿ
Ѿ̫ˣ
ҲεĻϲܽѵˡ
ɵ˷ԸҲ飬ܣԿĸҪʲô»ǵģΪģʱ򻹲ͷҪǮӢţġ
ܳȥʱɻ̲סһ£ģѾݡ
˵ģû˿ˣżЦ⣬ѵѾͷˣԷҲͱӴ꣬￴øһ²֡
ûļҹôߵġ
߾ˣﻹһͬʣԱĺӿۿѣ͸ִ󷽣ֱã
Ե£֪Ѿͷȴģܵ죬ﶼ˦һɽǱܣɻЩģѾɽﲻȥ
ûᣬҪǻȥƫ۵̫̫϶û꣬סɽɽ࣬ҰϾǣԶԶû˿¡
ܣûԽԽֻĿĵؼᶨ
ɸںȴҲûܵñȶԷ죬ڿ쿿ʱԷֱȥɽЩˣѾˣ
ɽҰޣҧģ
ţ׽ɽ֣ɽһſ֫ȴһ
ɸŽȥһ㣬ɭѹѹһƬ磬㣬ԶһͿˣ·Ķ档
Ȼ֪ûжģɭкܶණǰʱ仹иҰܳׯұǹˡ
ҪҰ
ϧŲۿץֵֶŮɽ֣ԽԽߣʧС
ɫصתҲҶתʱܵĶɩɽܣæסɩǴɽ㲻ȥ
ſҹŮ棡ˣŬѡ
ƴɻһ·ѵˣǯסѡ
ҧסģҪȥˣ˶£
ѾɱɣŻɽܡ
ɶɩҪǳ£ǳûͷԣǲٸָϱġ
ţҺʱ̫󣬶ڼϢû˿˳ȥˡ
*
ǮӢѲڼңŮˣȥſ
Ƽүүƴ˳Ҳȥˡ
϶ڣһңϱڣŻصУһ֣͵ڵϣޡ
ϱĵҵģզ£
ɵѾܴɽȥˡ
˻ϱһʣɽͷǰɽ
ɵɽͷˣˣҶȥô
ϱֵĵƺţɷҲ˵ѵģľڳЩҪԵĲҪģʵڻȥ˭ȥɽﰡ⺢ӿݣ
ȥҲ룬һϻҰ֮ģⶼⲻġ
ܽȥˣҪôԼˡ
ؼɽ̫ˣҪ·ˣĲҡ
ƽʱժҰˡݣϸɽš
Ѿﳤ᲻֪µزˣ
޳ǱźС۸沣ϱЩͬܣͬĿŶɩȥɩѾԼģˣҪ￴
޺СЩίԹѾԷǴĹ涨ʲôҪҪѾô
ϱԶԣȻ֮ǰԷԲóʳֻмѾͷѾͷٳһڷ۹Ů¡
˭֮ǰ˳ĺӣôݣȻֱӰ
ϱԼˣȥɽѹŮһ֪Ƽ˲Լȥģһʲô£һͶ
ϱ̾Ϣһ˷͵
磬ƼȥϹ˱ƽʱһ룬Ҳûʲôܣ˿ˣûþͻᴫӶǡ
˿Ƽô࣬ûôҶ֪ˣǮӢŮ緹ʹˣŮŮǮӢŵɽȥˡ
ϹʱҾ˵£һ˵ҵ֣ˣҾ֪
ʼ˵ԵŮ֪ˣ
Ʋ죬һм˭ƫĶһ̫ˣӵݹŮ㿴ѾͷѾС£ñѾ֪ö٣ҲûٸɻѵһѾͷãǺöԼŮˣ
ǰҲ˵ǲӾͲˣ
ֳѾҲģǮӢŮǲˡ
Ӷɽȥ˻Ҫôˣûˡ
۷׷ף۵ǮӢСʱ󣬻ǻɻˣɻû֣ûй־ûǮ
·ǮӢţһҪѾһѵ֪ǲ۸ģ
ֻǵȵ˼ңյķ䣬ǮӢüͷ壬ϴ˵ȽŷúϢ
ɫ۾˵ſƴɱϣԹԵͷ裬һҪѾһ٣
϶ģǮӢͷȹŮ˯ˣŵԼҰǰ϶ѾأҽгȥϹ
ûǮոտֻһЩûʲô£Ǳؿںƨ/ˤˣʹʹ˵㣬Ѫҩͺá
ץʱһ͸һ㡣
ӷ׷׵ͷƶԥѾҲǺ£ˡ
ǮӢӣһѾͷòУӶûһƴڶӱϣȥȥģ
ƶɿţһҪùỤ̊ȴһˡ
˿˵Ѿ϶ȥϹˣڼҡ
ǮӢɲɿڣ򲻵ȥϹĵطͳɣɫһ£һûΪŮڿ΢ͰãǾ͹ȥ

ƶɸһʵдżֿȵϹĵطǮӢ˿Լָָ㣬üͷ壬ɷĵɻȥʲô
˭㰡һûĻصƶɣ˵ɣŮŵɽȥˣȥҰҪˣ˶ûˣ
ɶɽƶɴ㵵ĿԷ
˿϶һҵĿѾʲôˣ
ǮӢҲˣ侲ΪںŮȥʲôңҪ£ô´򶼲ܴˣ
ƶɱһһһ㶵ģˣٶ˵һ֣Ĩ˰˵ȥѾ
˵ҲǮӢشһˡ
ǮӢЩԸһǮֵôӣ϶̫죬ôǹŹֵû˼ӽлֻһ䣺ʲôңˡ


106  106 
ƶȻûҵŮ
һȥ, һֱɽңҵˣ³, ŵӴһĴ͸ũԼеһǹҹ
ƶҵĵطɽΧҲûĳȫ, Ҷ֮һĵط
ͷȥ߷·޺, ̫ˣ
һ, ŵʹʱ, ˴ˣ첻Ļȥˡ
, ⺢Ӳ£С, ϶ûʲôʹ࡭һϵõ˰ο
ʮ갡ƶŻȥǲĻͷԽڵɽ, һ߿һߵûԹҲûһ, ҶԲˡ
ο˳ĬĿ
ʲôã
Ҳû˵ҪóȥΪʲôܳôã
Ϊ, ƶ֮ǰûʶ, ûΪŮȡһ£ڿҲ׿, Ůˡ
ƶø, Ŀɬᶼൽ˼¡
͵Ƽʱ, ֻķһĨ⣬ϴĸһȥˣڼﲻ͵ƣ˷ѡ
ƶݺһ¡
ɽ˺þѾ֣ɤˡ
ѾˣһѯʣƶԸоοͿǮӢڳųӣˡ
ѾûˣءѾûˣûҵƶɿ޵
ǮӢһʲôûˣ
ûˣܳһ˫۾޳ɺҴ𾪵ĳԼˣץĸ첲ôûˣǲûúңƶɣ׹Ůôôϣ
ƶɱʹˣȴұ֣λˢˢӿͷϱԼѹӣɬûУ˵ġҺɽѾûһ¡
ĸʮĺӿԼɽµĵطӦһ
ֻ˵Ӧˡ
ɽҰ޵ģ
ʱǵ
ĿʹĺһڵϿ޵òѡ
˻ǮӢŵһˣȻˣȻĲں⼸ŮΪԼˣǿˣ¹ŵˣһݶڶ¡
ƼԺĶһæܳ沿ģ̲סۡ
Ȼ֮Ҳûٸ飬ƽʱΪһⳳ࣬ӣ̫ͬˡ
һ˸ɫأû뵽һ£һˡ
Ĩ˰ᣬܣżԹĿǮӢʵˣѾúȥԸ緹Ҳñųİ
˶ǮӢȻҸһ˵Ҳòȥ
һ
ǮӢһڣƽ״ڼӶϱǰ¶ӣĿϰ
ũʱŮ˶Ǽһ֣˳ֵǰ̸˵أºٷۡ
ƴ˳ųɫأϰȻЩϧŮȴҲһ˵ʲôѾԼܴɽˣŮ򲻵ã˵⻹ûأǲǻҪȥѾ
æҡͷͷƲ첻˵
˼ˣæŵͷĬһʱԺֻĿƶɵıǺ
*
ţԽƣȥϱֻصԼСңһССķ䣬ıڵڱ˵ҵģҺ£ѾСҪǡ
ƽʱҲ̣һˣҪʲô£һʮڳȥһڳȥöࡣ
һһ
ҧһ취ֳȥ
ٲּңԼҹŮһѾˡ
϶һҹŮţǳ˵ģҲˣǱ𣬻ǳ˴
Ǿܣڿɲˡ
˵ҵ׼ϱװˣԼˣá
Ҫ̯϶ˣĺ޲ײǽˣ
ͬʱȰȰûȰסҲԻطˣȻûǰۣƣ
ڴϵϴһǵͷ˯ǼŮúܲڣҲˣٹҪˣҪġ
ϱȴþǼҲиŮѾС꣬꣬ƽʱԹɵģȻûжӵó裬ɵԼҹŮԼۣѾԼҹŮҲ
ҹˣ϶ҵĿСϱȴô˯ţø첲ײײԼˣιǷּҰɣ
ЩˣȻײѣΪ϶ֳˣϱ仰ûͿ˰ɣʲôҰĸڲּңǷּʱҪǵģ
ϱĵҪǼȥ´Ѿ
ûˣģֲ϶
϶ɵģȻĸ׵Ļɲһ㲻ԼҹŮʵʥּƵġ
ϱ˵ʲôɷѾˣ̾Ϣһ˯һߵĶӹŮжһĨǡ
ɷĴ󣬿
ֻ˵еĸڲּңҪּҵ취ǼҲģ첻ߣզں
˯ȵһϡ
ڵеһСһ䣬ĸмã⽫ԭһ£һ׼䣬ռ仹Ųˡ
ǵʱŷҪģΪ£ＸһȦȱʳ˺þò
ȴ˯ţһСʮ꣬軵ˣ£Щ£ǮӢţ·С裬Ѿ˰
ӦǰɡǮӢﻹе㲻ζġ
úõعʮܻ꣬Ǯˡ
𼤶ط˸裬᲻Ұؿڱú۰϶ңҪ˱ɹô졭裬Һ¡
ĿڻƵۣܵɽѾ۵ĸˡ
᲻ᣡǮӢҡͷοŹŮȴڴġ
ϣѾʱԹҪôҪˣʵҲµġ
϶
ƶɰӣԼҲڿޣڿˣӿ˯š
ԼҲ˯
ѹŮѹŮҲزˣΪҹŮҲûʳöˣӶˣ˯ˣһˣҲ˯ˡ
һȴ˯øⲻȡ
ۺ˯һ˯ƽΨһļǹҾǶһ⡣
ڡ
ȫŮҰҧĲ״Լǰź
ѾƶʶһһߣطΨһĹŮš
һοյġ
ȵȣ
յģ
ƶɻˣˣ
亹ϱˣ
ϱˣ϶ȥɽѾˡƶɺһֵܵţ˵ǿȥҰ
ϴ󱻳ѣüͷţԸҪ˵ϴϱȵ϶ǲǷˣǿɽȥҾˣҹģҪȥԼȥ
϶ǮӢҲѣҪֵܣҪˣԺҿ˭ϰŶô찡
ƶɱʶˣֿ޵ϱҪûҿô찡
Ůû˻취ֲĲֻʱûˡ
ϱûˡ
ǮӢ򴽣ǲ뿪ڣһӳ£ûǮʱĵ磬Ҹȥҡ
һ֮ǰѾȥûûˣٲȥľûˡ
úáƶɼĵͷӯģ˵˸ƣǮӢƴ˳ΨһֵͲõˡ
ֿһѿڵɽķȥ
ֻߵ쵽ɽ£ȴһϤӰ߻
ֵͲչȥоϲ쳣ɩ
ƶɴϲ˹ȥ
ȴܿĬļǰߡ
ƶ޴ϱզˣ
׳ɺҵ˫ۿɷҪ˵ȴ֪˵ʲô
ǰˣҪ˵Ҳǣ̫ĸĻˣµĵزڹŮûҲҶԸĸһƢ
ᷢӹŮˣźºΣչңɴΪȡʲô
ŹŮ˵Ļ̲סԼһ䣺Ҫһˣһӣ


107  107 
ƶɲͬ, һŮˣΪʱ޷ֿһѾˡ
ԼŮǷǳںġ
һˣһθǲƺ, ڴҹĹŮ޷ں, ڶԷɽۿžҪ׽ɽΧ, Ǵʱܳȥˡ
ΪԼҪôŮʬ, ҪôǼҰ, ȴɽû, Ůͷɱ
ģ, 
Ѿӵĺһһɽĺܺ, ɳԼû˻ҹŮˡ
ʱѾܹ·ڵλòɽ, ͨĵطһΪԼۻˡ˻þ, ҿ϶ǰŮ, Լ̥ʮµŮ
΢΢Ϣ, £ܵü, ͣ, Ѿǰ, Цݣ, ҡ
գۣһ£Ůڻһƴϣֽٺķŭôɽˣˣ
ƺһһĸأ/ۡ
̫̫£ֻȷŮţûס˵㡣
Ůƺߣˣıʣ۲ۣǲǴˣҲǹģ⺢̫ˣȻˡ
ҵǸ⣬ĬֱҲûš
һֱԼ˵ˣֹŮһֱû˵ֵˣǲǶûˣ
ŵûأ
ô᲻ءѹɿŮ˵㣬Ҳûԣڡ
ȻֹͿ˳ԼŮٵԼǰĿ⡭
ͦģ˶ܸоȶȣɽģȻ¹⣬۾ȴǺܺڣֻһŵʶʲô⣬ȴɴ㵡
Цн͵ߣ⣬ܵüûϣûͦõģ裬㳢
Ȼ;ʹ⡣
ʵʵ⡣
֮ǰƨ/ɼצȹͷĵط⣡
ʹûдζƷҲɣ͹⣬͸һϣ͵ζȺȴ̡
ѾԼԣѸҡͷԸԣԵ㣬ҪǻȥˣͳԲˡ
ĻشǿҶ˰ֻˣԲ£˯ˣ裬԰ɡ
ɽΧҵһģķ϶꣬һӲݣҪ鿴Ӷˡ
ܾⶼûסҧһڡ
ѾһҲ٣Ӧ˵˳ⶼ࣬һͣ
óԡ
ûκεζҲóԵģ
ԵӯһڽһڵģûйšûɷûСӣȫŮģóȥָоá
ڳʱһԸ첲Ĩ˵㶫壬Ҳûʡ
Ƿ߳ģĵطûҩǿ̫ˡ
*
ͦģθҲ󣬳ԵʣһֻȣҪŮġ
ԱˣĨ˰ϵͻһĨЦݣѾһȥ費ٱˡ
ҡҡͷЦ裬Ҵ̿϶ŹңһȥˣҪôֹ
ɫһͣˣҧҸ㵲ţҪҲǴң̫ΣˣȻȥòã¡
ٴҡͷܸҵһʱܵһҪϹҪ̫ˣ裬⣬ԼԺöóԵģȥˣҾʲôԲˡ
ɡż̫ΣˣڻãҪߡҰһϻ֮ģͷʣˣ
ᶨ裬ҲȥģģһҵһߺµĲݣҲµġ
Ů̫ڣ飬ǼᶨȴûðճԱо嶼ʼʹѹĶڵϣޣءûãҡ
ûñŮŮԸ˵ĵطҲǸңӵҰ޵ɽҪ£
Ҳ裬㣬Ұ֣ûõǸΪˣ޷أƴӣίԼ˵ҪίԼźӣ裬ɣûƼЩˣҺˣøã
飿ãȻ̧ͷĻˣſǻѾ˵ʲôأǶ°
֪ŮˣСϴԣȻ֪ʱѾˣûҲңĵ裬Ҿһ䣬ҪҰҪ
˵̫ˣ·ʲôõԤ漴֣ŵҲͱŮҪѾ裡
ȴûջؽĻ֣أ裬ھ͸˵ҺͰְֻ֣һҪǸңͺͰְ飬ҪŰְ֣Ҿʧǰ
ǴͳŮˣʵʳĥͷܿ
ԷΪ졢ֻЩҷ
ʱĻ˶ɵˣԸҡͷѾô˵װ֣
Ҿ˵ˣҲТǸӣǱƵģҪƫģҪǰְִӲΪȡʲôϹôһ𣿣ܣҲҪְˣѡһң
Ů࣬ȵɽûбĶǲѹ˵һһ·һشϡ
ͷתȴûֵĻҡ
ĿŮ
ȴټ˵һ²һ¾ܸ㶨ģƿ裬ȻȥɣԺң͵͵ҾͲɽˡ
ѾһŮûȥȿ쵽ɽ£裬úɣҪ˹һӣ
˵תܣԥ
Ĭļߣ˶ҵģӷ·һƬհס
*
ɷˣȴûԼһĸо
û˾ƶɾһͨˣЩҡ
ԺŮķԺ顣
ƶȴһ㲻֪ˣ;ûˣοѾûˣǻúú֣ǰ𣿡
Ѿû
ķ֪ܸ˵
ȻЩɻʱƶûң
Ƽͷ嵽汻ҧˣһֱ˿ûȥȥģҵˣΪʲôƶûҵ
ƶɼӴ㶵ӣɬ̾ϢһҲ˵ˣ˻ȥлĵİæ˽ݡ
һпûʲô
ڶľľģƶڹǮӢ˵Ϣһ졣
ԼҲ飬ǮӢûԸҲĬˡ
ټƼ˶û˵ʲôƽ¡
ֻŮвңĴ󣬵Ƽ˶ȥϹˣ͵͵ɽȥ
ϲñ˶һûϵó
ǲŮİȫͬʱҲŸŪ㶫ͷ鷳ôϣûΣҲô·
Լе˽Ǯ࣬˵㶫ʹҴɽ͹ȥˣͬʱһ˿һѾ˵Ǽٵİɣ
Цݣģ裬Ҫѡ˰ְ֣Ҿȥϻϻˣ
ͷһ£׵òУ𰡣ѡѡ㣡


108  108 
Э֮С
, ƶɵϲҲǶԷɷԭ򣬱Ͼǰ
ýŽ, оԷϣͽ, ֮æ, ӣΪ˼ëƤСͷۡ
ĸ飿
ִɵĻ, ٷ޶ڲ֮, ʧȥ˰飿
ŮҪ, һŮ, ˼Σɵ, ɼںŮ
һȰ飬ȻԸ⣬Լв, ٲԸ⣬ٺ, ҲŮȥġ
ŮھʹһΣյĵط
񲻹Ů, ط, һϾľսԼڶȥ, ûˡ
Ҵ̼, һĵͷ
һѡȷ, ˵, ȻѡңҪƶģ
ѵĵͷ˵˵֡
ҵĸҽְ֡ӲǸĸ˾ͺãҲģʲ壡
⻰˵秣̲סѾЩѧģ
˶٣˵ǸСݽѧģĿαУ裬ѧ
꣬ԶԶûʱڣѧУǿεģҲȥѧֻǣҪѧøϽġ
Һھ·ݻҪü£ʱ乻
⻰úãһѧ㿴ʲôʱȥ
ѧ
ǾĻˡ
ũ壬ԻֵҲصģѧĺ£˭˸Ǿð̡
ũ庢ӶҰԹڽһ̫ˣкӻҪȥѧ󲿷ȥҲͼʣûֻӿ֮ġ
ԼҹŮ˵⻰ϵͷһѧˣֻѧùŮȥ
һЦҪǻȥ̿϶ѧˣҲѧġ
ԭӦò̫Ը⻰ɫȻЩŮ˵еҪˣŮѧ񡭡ôԽܣ
ɽһɽһʱͻ˲٣ȻϢҲҪɻģûִҴȥ
һɽûеһɽʱĿ־ˣ·ŮͲǳ˵ɽ
ıӰٿŵһѶЦ
ĸĲôְΪʵޡ
ŮİȴģʹŮΣյĵطȴʶҪĶί
ֻܸľôˡ
ڴӦˣȻﲻһԸģܹ˼ԺԽԽ֣ʵûҪƼңҪ˶ãԼҪġ
ϧʱŮûլأڶзҲգżҲͬ⣬ⲻˣȥ˵飬ܱܿзһ٣Ҫ֪һͱ޷ѰұŮˣԼ
ߣסɽϣͻᱻûɽĶɲĳһܳԵģ𺦹棡
Ҫ飬ٵһʱ䣬׼Ǹʱ򱻷Ҳη塣
֪ܴʲô
ͽӵһ£ٽвˣӦܴһЩ
Ȼǣͼ˸濴һֻƯҰȴͷĶѹûܷɳ
*
Ѿܽɽĵ졣
Ϣһ죬ǺöˣȴģӦŮҪ飬Щҡᡢ¡
ӻǻجج
ƶɱϢһ죬ϲſڣͱǮӢ磺Ϣũæʱ뵱һ˶ûϢúõϢʲô첻Ϣզ˾˼ҹһˣ
ƶţҪǮӢһѾߣ
ôˣѾѲɻҪТǮӢŶӣɻ
һѾĵˣǵôˣ
û취ƶɻǽݣԼոոϱ˵ĻȳһҪˣȻ
ĶˣǿЦһ£̡
Ů˵öԣһ仰ɷ͸ûͷƵӣŮûˣ
ҪѡƶɣѾ϶Ҫˣһ˱ĺӣҲţѾ·ô죿
ѾԲѾˣ
ƶɱϷȣĵͷ
ȻͷͷˣʵˣܲҪŮΪôˣŮ
ΪŮǰˡ
ټѣܱȡҪõöɣ
ŬŬһ˸֣Ժʮ֣ٽʳ㣬ŮѧҪϸУû׼ȥﵱˣǿǴˣ
ˣĬĳȥ
һûǰʱȥһȥϹ˿׷׹ο
ÿζЦһ£Ҳ˵
ʧȥŮҶ⣬ûãͬ飬⣺ҲǣˣҪСڳ£ҪһӲϹˡ
Сھ
ĬԶԣϿɬԽŨ
ǵģŵŮǸȫҶóţŮͲǡ
ǳˣ飬ͽƼҵøѾûˣ䣬ΪѾʬǸСޣû˽أҶĬϲˡ
ÿ¡
֮ӣż͵͵ȥɽ￴Ůÿζι⡣
һʼƶɷˣŵһ亹ȥҡ
ɵȼ֮͵ˣٲᣬȥȥҲȥɽ
һ֮ûݣˣ
ֹǮӢķ֣ŮԸϱ͵͵С
ֻƶɿС
ǮӢҲĥϱզأ
ʵ̫˼ˣ
ϧûҵС֤ݣô֮ˡ
Ѿȥɽĵһ˳ȹڶƶɾĥҪӣʵǰˣŹֵܵĶҲһ
ŮûˣʱֵҲһӣ̸ֵܹǵĺӣòУˣͿʼ̽
ֻÿζ㿪
ˣƶҲίϱզˣ治Ҫӣ
侲ܳÿԼѾѾҲһ³һƽʱ͵͵ųԣ⣬һ𣿡
ƶɴסѹĿⲻˣҲû԰
أƾʲôмҵĺûУʵ
ƶҪͣʱͶϴˣ岻ãóԼ
ҧѾС£ñѾһԴѾóԿࣿ
ƶɱ̶̼˵Ļڣ˭ҺӲģôͶѾѾûˣ
ҪǺѾһʮ껹ûԹһ⣬Ըᶨ
ƶܻڹûã
˵ˣɿżֳͲΣ˼ˣ
ƶɺݺݵһȭͷڿϣ飡һһ
һɣƵúأȴ˵ʲô
Ҳ֪ԵúãѾȴԵĲá
ɡĹŮ
˵ʲô
ϱǲѾòãѾûˡƶһиأҪкһԲģ
ֻҪѾᶨ
ѾҪĺˣһĻУҪ᲻飬ʱѾͲҪˣѾˣҲȥ
ƶᣬֻҪѾѾѾˣ
ۿţЩҪˣ˾ͲŮסȴҪӵͬһˡ
ֻϧڻУڸƼңҲͬ飬ƼҲͬ⣬û˻ڣƼߴӲҪҲᣬѾ˵ȵȣʱа취ͻҪ̡
˭֪û죬һ֮ǰ׾˺ܶ࣬˺ܶ࣬Ŷ̿·ġЬСڴҶũʱ򣬱һ¨ɽ
Ѿ˾죬̽ĺһ
СתͷһЦ壬ҡ
˾ֻ񣬺


109  109 
ϢƼ˶ʱ, Ƽ˶ڿЦȫûϣֻľˣѾЦ
˼ˣİѾͷĻ, ʹɽǶۿˣӦˣǻˣ
Ƽˣ
һͬΪЦԸƶһЩģأ
ȥȥոջҴ峤г, ȥָһ
ƶܹȥ
ȥһ赽Ѿﳵ뿪ӣɽĸɹɴõвҩ, ǰϡ
ӰӶûججĿ峤ϱɩӣѾѾ賵ˣ
ͬЩûĴ峤ϱͷǰҵ֣Ѿɽס£Ȼţ
̫ˣƶɾϲϵķ, ȻʲôҲȴðᡣ
ֻǻ, ɻѾôɽסʲô
⡭峤ϱɫŹֵĿ, û˵
ǲɵ
峤ϱ, Ҫһɽúúõ, ˳˻׾, ҲҪص, Բû׼ҪǮӢһ١
ѾͷȻܻôð

ûƶɼ󣬱ɻߣ뵽ϱҹȥɽҲ֪
뵽⣬Ϲĵطȥ
ʱΪѾΧ˵Ҫ֪⵽ô£ƶɼȺȲʣѾûǲ֪ɽô
˦֣ɫ䵭̬һֱˣƶֻŮû˵ѹڿȴԾ
ӣ򣿡
˵ʲôƶü
Һ˵Ѿ˷ĴβǷǵһڲܳʣµģͲ࣬ûӣʵϴ˼ڣҪǻô㲻֪
ƶɱ˵ȫ޷죬㶵ĿȻǰ˺İ
û֮ǰӡ
˵һ䶼ģҪĺӣΪЩӸѾһܹúܺãΨǵĺӹòãû£ҲԼûб¡
ƶһȺ첱Ӵֵ˵ˣ
Ҳ죡Ȼصӡ
ƶɿĮıӰĻңŮľϲûˣһϹûìˣ׷׹ϲҲֻǿЦݵͷ͸Ͻ뿪
ٴǰֱǹܸ߳У
*
гȥԭ·ҪСʱ·ֻ̣ҪһСʱͿԡ
г̫ˣм仹иܸ˵ţ£ﳵǸѾȵϣѾ۳һĺˮ
ͣһҩǰ
ʱҽҽҪ΢ĵطҽƫ࣬Ϊ㣬͵ȡģȵҩܺá
ȥʱﻹץҩˣͦõġ
һԱʵСѾͷץʲôҩҩҿ
¨ñֺֽõҩóչڵԱǰЦ˵ղգ
Ա۾һϸһҩǵﾭȥȴҩ˿÷ǳãģôã
ҽҵġ˵ʵǿ𣿡
ԿԡԱͷʼҩģҩˮ֣࣬Щҩļ۸񲻵͡
ٴδҩյĶѾˣֻʱǮûãƱ
ųĴתһ£ɹǮһЩճƱ
Ʊȥɹˡ
ȫɣڹӪԵΥʳȥˡ
ֻϵŵӿڣͱ˿һһƶɾͶ¹ˡ
ӣ֪Ҫȥ˵ˣһʱٴ峤ҵ·Ӵ峤ҳͿˡ
ѾƶɼǰϸϸĿǰС
ȻͼѾͷܴ󣬿¶ѣüʵûô䣬࿴ۣϤĸоֻˣϲѾ¶ɽ
һۣޱԡ
ƶüͷ΢壬Щ̫þզסɽϣ±Ұ޳˰
ȻûбҰ޳ԣסңһᱻˡ
ƶɣ
ѾڱԼϱҪѶԸ̲סô˵ģ֣
һۣ㻹֪Ұְ֣ĺӶѧǮ£¾ͿѧˣҪȥѧ
ƶɵɴ۾һѾͷʲôѧ
ڶ˵Ůܶ죬˼룬Ųȥ㣿Ҳܲ죺쵼Ļ㶼ȥˣ
ƶһŭСƨʲôһȥϴ
˸ۣ߹øгй򻹲ȥɵҩϾȵʱ򣬺֮ܶǰûõĶˣڲд̫ûþܴá
ƶһۣͷѾˣȥ׷
һܣҲܡ
ʱͽɽ֮ǰȫͬģºóԺúȵźÿѵܺõĺܣɽƶ˦һͷɽ
ƶٴνɽɼʹãԽԽڵĵطǲĽȥֻܷ߷ߵĻȥ
*
ǮӢҲ˵Ѿŵ£ʱ˵Ѿϻˣˡ
Ѿͷһ£ɽȥˣ˰
˴Ǵôã
ëǮӢϣ͵Ǻӱ϶˭֪Ժƿƶɽȴǹһˣ۾һɣѾأ
ƶüɽȥˡ
ȥôǮӢһȣʵ
ƶɣɽôȥ
ûõĶǮӢû
ţŵͷûõĶ
ƶεĿĸףϰˣһ㷴ӦûУͷԵĻݣԵϱ˵ˡ
ﲻϲϱϲڹŮϲˡ
ԭϻһɾԽԽˣǷϵڴϣ̾һ߰ʮˡ
ǮӢֻϢˣû򵽣ŭûȥڴϣķңˮðþͺܻ졣
ƫƫʱ𺰵裡ȣ
ǮӢֻôȥŮݣȴǲģԸڵͷҵģ
զˣƴ˳˯ԺӦһ
ǮӢ˵Ѿͷզɽ£²ɽбˣ
ƴ˳ûôɶãڴķԽԽˣһ˶һڷ
ȻǴæźӣԴ˵ˣڹ⾰ãû׼ͿȥˣҪǺԼң͵Լˣ
⻰еǮӢ̹һЩ
գۣŵ˵Ȼ裬ѾҪɽԵɶ
ŶԵɶ
ǮӢһţɽܳɶûֲˣûʳֻɽҰҰ֮ġ
￴˶˵˳ˣˡ
ɽΧ˶֪ɽɽҪ⼸ҹ涨ˣɽĶܴӿǹȥɽˡ
ѾܻţѾͷ϶ǳģ
Թԣ
ѹŮ˶ˣ϶ȥŮǳģ


110  110 
ȷʵͬǮӢ, ɽɽԵĶ⣬һȳϻ, ﳤݡ
̫ҲǺ¡
ɽɽҲһЩ߲ˣһЩʱ¿ֵ߲ӣº̵Сײ˶ջһ磬һ, 㲻úȿɬҩֿϻˡ
ϣֵͲµɽȥ
˵ˣǲ, һΣҪʱ䲻ģʲô¡
ͻʱȥˡ
˸ֵͲʱϣˡ
ֻǵŵţˣǰȥ, ȻоͬڵĲݴֵĶ
ͬڶŪĶһһǳɧ
Ҫ֪ܶСﶼ˵, , ҲΪ˵ĶѸ, һطζ
ôˣŮһֱź, Ŀ, ֻǺ, ʲô
ҡҡͷûʲô
ݴǮӢƴ˳˿Ǳˣһ۱ˣɽ˵úܡ
׷ҲſѾ⺢ôŪԵģǲڳ⡣
Ҫ֪Ǵʳ඼ͷײˡֺ֮ģҪԵǲܵģ˽¶˭ⱻŵζҪٱġ
ƫƫʱѾһСѾͷɽ취Ū⣬úúõģ
ǮӢСѾͷƬӵˣ̲סţҪѾǲҲܳˣ
ⲻĶƴ˳
͵͵ţʱȥҪ⣬ٽѾţԺʱʱṩ⣬ð
ǺܺõģֻѾǰȥ̲סˣգۣžડһֵͲĹ⡣
Ѿզˣһ
ҡͷʾ˵Ȼĵشһȥ
ڸŵǮӢƴ˳ɵˡ
ֻܿһģӰӣǲҵ飬Ͻ󣬽Ųû֮ǰȵҲѡ
үģ
ɽ
˭֪ţǰӰѾʧˣ
ƴ˳ǮӢվǣˣҲֱȴĲˣ
ˢˢ˸£Է֪ߣôоǱ߲ɽ·
ɸոǺ˺ü䣿
ǲˣ͸ǰĶ˭֪ѾֱӲˣ
ǮӢˣ᣺ҵģǻȥɣѾСѾͷúܣǲ˦ˣ
ƴ˳Ҳʼ£˵ҪҪţº˰ɣ
óֵͲ򿪣Ȼ¿˿곹ĬС
üһһƽأǰҶľɽɽ֪ˣ
ƴ˳һǮӢϣҪҪڿɺˣѾͷˣˣ
ǮӢ˸ſֲһ죬ʱҫʵϻϽֺõҵģҿȥ¡
ƴ˳һ䣬ôũ峤ˣСʱӴ̰Ҳ͵ݵĻҺѸ侲ʼҳڡ
ƫƫһθӣһСĻһˤƨ/ɶףڵ˾ƣûҵ̫ˣֵͲղԶҲ̫Զߵɽһ棬ǾײҰˡ
ȥҲûɣ۸ڿʵòУƫƫûˮ
ƴ˳ȲסˣǮӢһֺãǮӢʹ
һʼǮӢһ֣ɵƴ˳ˣ̲סˣôֱˣͣЪµϢ
*
صʱסɽ˵ѾǲǸո˸ң
ԭûֵģԷԶԶ׺ţһŮֻǵŮصֵͲӺѸܵȻ˦ˡ
ŪݹȥЦеš
ǡЩģҲµõ˭һʲô£ɽΣգ˭ŮһӴġ
ôΣÿζָĸо
ЦҪˣãôڣֲ֪˭Ӧǻˣʲô£
ŮɫĬĬ졣
ԴŮӣʵԼŮĸоţ˵̣ƫƫһ㷴úܿġ
ŮԺ϶á
Ҳţ⣬͸ɨɽ첹·ģѾҪʱ䡣
ȸŮˣɽ˯һ֪𣿲Ҫ˯̫ɽɽ
Цģһġ
Թ˵˵ѣˣ
ΣֿŮ첽ܣϵôȥ˯ʱѹѾŮĽ̵ѧ͵ˣĹֿ϶ܲԼǻ㡣
Ŀ뿪ϢĻصɽ
ϵɽȽΣգʱҹߵģȥָѼ˲Ʋĸɲݶϣ۾ǰ
˵Ļȥ治˵˵ģסɽɽģɽģúܺãĴȴУ϶ܶ˿
Ƽ˹Ҳԣʮа/Żؼҡ
ҲǴȥġ
һֱɽѧء
Ȼ˻˻˻벻ֻȽϺˣֱˣսһӡ
ķ߳ĶܹãûһԶˡ
ֿȥŽʮ꣬ʲô
*
ǻǧ꣬ǮӢƴ˳˰ȫɹһһһ΢ҧ˿ڣڰ쿴·ڿɽˡ
ɽ·ɻĴ񣬿Ǿһ֣ҵ֣ǷǸɶȥˣҰˣ
Ӵɴ漤ң
˵ĴǴܣ˻ͷǱ·ңͷϻвмǮӢˣƴ˳ϼץӡӡ
˱٩ˣҲһ죬ܣ
ȥ˾ͿӱӲǱ۾۾ָɣ
˵ģÿζԴҪǮӢҪ֣ܵԶԶģܱ˼ȥҲɡ
ӲʮƫƧûڼҴϱϱķǮӢҲ˼׷˼ȥϱûǸϣ¾ȥˡ
֮ÿ죬ȥһϣÿȥ峤ҵĳëǮµġ
峤Ȼͬ⣬ϣơ
׵ëǮأ
ȥöˣϵ˻죬ľͲҩģԼĶƵƤëȵȣ׬Ҳˡ
׬öٵû˿ֻŵĴɽ˵ۺ졣
ɽĶǶܴȴһСǳԺȣۿɼĴһɱС˺Щ̫Ľˡ
ܿ˾ٱ˴ӳ
ֻһʮС˼һǱŵɽȥģҪǲɽĶǻ˼ҳԶǶûͺˡ
ӳҲýôֻȥƼȰ˵ѾһСӣԵ㷹Ҳģ˳ϱƫģҲˡ
ԹżĴӳǮӢҲҷһͷԣҲûզأԴ󡣡
ţһˣ
ɳɣȥӽӻ
ӳ깤ǮӢƶɺһȥɽϣڰɽţ
Ѿ
ƶɺţ쳶ˣû
һһӦһһԽСɽ׾ȾһĨɫ衣
ƶɺ
һЦ
ǮӢѾɽڹǽǣ˶ȥӾٱסˣɣ
Ϊ˱ѾͷԸ⣬ģҲˡ
ƶһ԰ǻԣ˵ˣԺԷҲû˻˵ˣǵһˣɽסŲȫɡ
аŲ˦ϣЦݣüģˣ߰ɡ
ǮӢ&ƶɣ
ôɣ
ܾﲻԾ


111  111 
Ҫ˵ﲻ, ǮӢƶҲûɶ
ô׵ıżªİ뿪ɽϡ
ֻͺܲˡ
һңһ, ʵôˣ
ƶεĿŮڿ֪ŮƢϱŹŮš
˭ûһֱۣӽݣҲ, ˻طš
ƶҪȥŶƲ
ϵθˣֻǶԼġ
۾ɴˣ裡Ѿʲô˼ùã
ǮӢæǰ˺, Ǵӳ˼ҲҼϸǡ
ǿջؾ죬ĺ˺ߡ
ӣʱʧӣҲûʲôͬ, ϹԺ, Ҫ, ȥʳóԷ
ǰǮӢ, ̲, ֻһ, òСѾͷŲ˵ҰϹһѵ˵ûɻ, Ҫһ
ǮӢҪ֣Ȼһ֣ѾͷܳȥɤӺ̴ˣ𲻸ɻҪҸɻҺһѵʱҵĴС㣿
ӿǵᶼ֣ǮӢȴʲôˡ
Ҫ汻ʱҴСñӣǶ군
Ѿô龫֣
һʧܵĶţǮӢûðͣڴͷƴ˳ԹѾͷ̫ˣҲ˵Լôɽѧ˵ʱң
ƴ˳üͷ壺򲻵ãҲͣһһڣ
ǮӢݺݵ̾Ϣһ˵ô죿ԵÿɶۼҵĹ֣ȣ𣿾ǰҲȲһָͷ
ƴ˳Ȼһۡ
ǮӢզˣ
ƴ˳ҡҡͷû˵һʮСڵĺӶǺСˣ죬һŮûҪˣ
˵ʲôãʲô벻ǮӢһ䣬ֿʼԹ
ֻƴ˳û¶ľģûͶˣΪСˣʱˤȡ
۰
ҪǮβʯȵȣټѾͷ޵ҪǺˮǰǰȥǮ
Ͳ࣬жǮ
ۿž׷ǮСʱ䣬ȴѾʣ٣ǮӢżòУ˵ŮҪ飬ҩǮ
ϻʱƴ˳˵ˣ˵иѣǸɵӣʮ˻ûȢϱͷ
ǮӢǰһģ˵ɶҪ󲻣㿴ѾѾĸɣ
ƴ˳ƳһۣҪ˴ѾѾϴһҸֵס
ƴɲƶɣϴϱҲǸ뺷ӣһӹ龫ڶ𲻴ķϣǷţǵһӣȱĺҪ༸ϲ
ǮӢƲ죺զ죿
ƴ˳ѾͲȻҪ꣬ڳÿɱȴѾѾÿǲҪôһ˳ԷҲ׬һ㣬ǰҸżҡ
Ҳ϶һҺ˵һ㣬˵϶ûӣû֣ϴĵڶӣ˭ܹһء
ǮӢͷɣѾͷǣкö˶˲ͱ˼ȥ
*
öˣƴ˳ȥԷ棬ǮӢʼƶӵ£ÿÿѵûͷָһϣ˵ֵ϶͸˵˵
ÿ꣬ƶɶǸˣѹӵĺܣصԼķ䶼̾
ģһԭﱻǰʱµˣһϣ̰ˡ
ǮӢ϶ϱϹڵ֪͵һóӶ֣ҿ첻Ϸߡ
Ȼ˲ڣףɤܣĶûӰ졣
ȥĲϣҪٽо֣´ϾʱϸһִͼУܶʩơ
Ҳǽϵطָɳſ˵裬طɳʲô͵˱ˣ˴˺ˣ͵ˣﱨģ
ͷȻ֪Ů˵ʲôãǼˡ
֮ȥ´·˵Ҫɳܣִ֣ˣһ˹ܣ֪𣿡
ãЩĻſŮҲ˵ʲôתͷֽһطȥӪһ٣ò׳ǵһ£ȳˣȥ·סû
żˣܹģһ̣ȥٳԣҸʳõĴ˵ˣġ
Ҫԡҡҡͷƫȥ
ֲֻøŽ˷꣬Ůһˣӣ۵ֱ顣
οԼŮԣԹ
˭֪һСͲˣˣûаЩѾ´βˣ
ֺһЦ裬Ե㣡
һۣŬţһһڻع⣬ųţЩˣҲպֻʣһ˻ʣһ㡣
Ȼʶʲôứֲ˼ùŮţ͵ͷһ
Ůڶأ
ǲͰģǡķ΢ŵܳ㡣
ΪһĸףŮչˣ̵ģһûʲôãҲ˸ùŮ
һҪ飬ùŮȥѧô϶ܿѧ
ʱƶǸŮ
ٷӵĸжг꣬ȥһӳվ¡ɳ·ȷĸŮųȥ
ȵﶼǱ¹ʱ䣬ĸŮ˳ϽȥʳãĵĴ˷ԵøⱥȴֶˣٴμӲͣģһҸĻȥ
صңǮӢŭ
˳ţɿˮϴ裬ͻصţֻûġ
ǮӢú޲ܽˣ
ŻԼҵģ˿ͱˣԽԽ콫Ѿճ̣ǮӢһͬӵƶɣ϶һ¡
ƶæƨƨߵĹȥͿĸĿпһ£զˣ
϶ûǮˣкüҪӣǼôຢˡƴ˳º͵Ŀڡ
ƶεѾŬɻˡ
ƴ˳֪˵ǰˮжԷԼҶȢϱѾ˵ܸʮǮ㿴զ
ѾȢϱƶɾˣѾʮ꣬ѾѾ𣿡
ѾѾʮǮ̫ˣƴ˳ۣѾֺУ˲֪ɻҪ͵ԼܣƾʲôôһڣѾѾæɻҪȢǣǮɲֹЩ˼Ȣ𡭡
ƶҪ˵һǮӢһûӵģҪŮɶãӶԺôȥڣϱˣ˵ѾǸϱֲǸɶܸʮǮˣ
ƶ޴ĵͷ֪ܲŮ൱ȥͯϱ۵ѾѾŮ
ǮӢŭҪӻҪŮ˵
ƶɳĬˣӻǹŮ˵϶Ƕӣ̧ͷѾ£ǰʱѾգҶɶҲû
ˣǮӢҲЦˣǮˬͷɡ
ƶɻͷĳȥС۾ģȳȣ˵裬ǵѾˣҪѩ⣡


112  112 
֮, ƽ޲ϹϹ͵͵
ֻЩ˱ֵɺƽʱвͬ, ƶ, , ͵͵
ע⵽, ͵͵Ѿ, ˵Ҫɶ
򣺡û£ˮڡ
üͷ, ͷŻŵ, ҪһǸ˵°ɡ
Ȼ飬ܿƼ˻һ, ֵﶼܹͺ, ҪŮˣԸԼ
ҡͷʱ, , ٵȵȡ
ʲô
Ի, Ůһ, ֲ, ŮˣֻķԸ, ͬʱһԺ֮ǰŮط
ط϶Ҫ
ڶ, һԷ޳ƼԺ, һ𼦵, Ц绨, ݡ
ԹƼ˻, Ϳǣƴ˳ӭӹȥǮӢҲϽţһͷˮʶˣǮӢ޶ô飬ΪĸݣҲϽӭӡ
׺󣬵ȵʱĴкѾȥˡ
ԸоǮӢ˵ˣĿֱϡ
ƳһۣǷԼͬºһЦǸˣܺãһԭˡ
˲ԭʮĺӣӲöӺԭԲһڴиӣԭǻƿڴ࣬ʲôûС
ޱĻͷʹżֺ⡣
صƼңȵľһ죬ԭҪΪɽȥʱ⣬㶨ƼҾȥٱ
ҺûûбСⶾ֡
ɣΪǰ˵ӵ䣬򷽵ŮЩϲʵ
Ҳĵͷ϶һЦ⡣
ǮӢһ˵ɫ֪Ѿӳúãϲˣ˭ϲδиƯĸף
ʱӳúÿû׼ܹС㡣
ֱͦ壺ԣ۹⻹ҪǼҲӣҲˣѾúÿ͸ˣʱĺӿ϶װ֡
Զԣæĵͷش֣ӰڴˣɶǸɵӣС˴ڶʮˣͬĺӶˣ
ʲôԣŮһ£תͷЦǺãҪ֣ҼҶӶʮˣõȶòܱӰ
˾͸һּۻ۰죬ǱԤƶ˵㣬ȸǮ𣬵ǮӢƴ˳͹ȥܵʣµʮԪ
һʮԪ
ʮһʲСĿˣ
˫̸ףȥһ𼦵
磬ǮӢѵô󷽣ˣһһֵ
ƶɽݸʱۿһ죬ûס޳԰ɡ
ĬĽˣصһŵˣզˣ̾Ȼ󼦵
֪ˡ˼һţеɣֺ˿ˮ
*
ڶȥϹǮӢƴ˳ȴٻˡ
˹ֱӴķţ˵ѾҲȥһ
ƴ˳һԵţҪƴ˳Ͷ֡
ʱ䲢öԸֻǵĿһۣˣ߰ɡ
ǮӢɫŹֵĿƴ˳
ָо
˳Ĳ˼顣
ϴνѾɽϽҲ򵥣·ڿԼ
զܣ
ѾͷһɣҪôһоͶ
ƴ˳ҡͷҪƲסһӣ
ǮӢȣһŮǵùţ߰ɡ
޹ЦݣĳȹţٽŲĸǮӢ󣬴ˡ
ǮӢƳһۣˣѾͷȥɣ
ǮӢĴ£˴Ӵȥһĵ·֮һСȥ
ͷ̣ǵҪȥİ·
ǮӢ֪ʲôҵרӲëžͺãһ¶
ˣĵͷ
ֱ·üӣһ·ڡ
ûˣ֮ǰȥƼҵһԷڿǣˣڵϵСܹ
㣬ǿˣ˿ȻûȫҲǮҪǱˣǿǿûš
ǮӢЦСѾͷߵԲס
ۿ˽̸˱񣬺ۿЩµ̣㲻˵ȥ𣿣
ǮӢѾ˲ֹһΣ֮ǰǺȥһȴЦţʲôǸ˸żңţԺ׵Ҫʲô֪𣿡
ǮǸǣǸȥˣ˶ʮǮ
գۣҡͷҲҪҰ軹֪ء
ǶԷȴǰһһһҸ첲סЦеȥ裬ģǻúġ
˼£һСеȻûɹֱӿ޳Ƿſء̣
ǮӢҲֻ˵Ǯ
أ˽׼õǮݹȥû۾ˣ˲ࡣ
У˿ǲԵģⲻǵ̬Ƽ˲˼Ůǿ¡
ǮӢӹǮȻʮһû٣ˣڰ֣ǿ߰ɣҺͷҲȻȥٲȥ緹ûˡ

һֽǮһ̵ֽĴ˻ȥ
ͷĬĬᣬװµӡ
Ҳûɾ裬ǽؼҺȹ׼õһииͰ֮ʲôûС
һǳ׷ɣһ͸¶ɵ˵ϲ𣿡
˻ˡ
Ҫ
Ȼ˼Һ£֪
ԶȥűĴһɣȵȵȣǲ֪ôԷζԼãǱ߲Ҳû£δ׽ѹڱϡ
ǳϣģ
*
ԹϢʱ
ѾԺӣϰԺһϴЦ͵˺þãôŬº˶̹ˣᱳЩëûˡ
ܻӦԼŮȴ
ɺƿţյģʲôûС
ûһʱ룬ũĺǵҰģȶһѾ
ûһҵƶɵ׵һ£Ψһĺӣпƣû˺֪ĽѾˣĻҼĵƣˣû׼ȥˡ
Щֻ֣ûȻأֲ˵ƲƲ죬ˡ
һ˯ò̫̹ӶǸجΣһ¸ֱӾѣͿƶϣһһʵģϵ۳һСˮݣǿ˺ܾá
ɶˣײģһ䡣
ûɶƶҡҡͷǿǻ
ԴҲû⣬ֻŮ̾ϢһѾզ£ȥôã˵һİ
ءһѹʴƶɺ̲סһ͵˵˵ˣѾ˸żң͹ȥˡ
ס˺ü룬Ťͷŵļ˵ɶѾżңѾż갡
ƶɣһɥģͷһ䣬ȷˣģ
ˣվ죬Ƿ𣿣ôѾѾȥôȥͶѾˣǵĹŮԼۣƶɣô۰ģ
ƶɵΪѾãҲûӣѾ޳ȥˣͻϴ˵ҹ̸ӣѵҪӣ
ͫŭڶ̶ʱͷȻΪһڵĶӣǹ̵ĶӣƶԼҹŮ
Ҳֱ˹ȥȭͷƶԴϣһµģƶɻŶܣϹҲһ֣۵ɫŤˣ
˴øݣҧӶӣֻжӣҲҪֻҪҵѾѾңءҵѾҴ㡪ƶɣڼ޸ˣ
ˣٶûһˡ
Ӧˣ


113  113 
ͨש߷, ˻ĴƼ˶ýھӡ
ǸմɽѾƴ˳, һĿɿڴ
Ҳ, Ǹճûõĺ, Ѿʮ, ǸŮ, ȥ
Ҷദôˣи, Ȼˣ
ƼҲŴ, ţǰƿƶɷ, ͿòһֵƶɣֳĬˡ
, ϶ˡ
ȻƶųҲڱϱ
ɫݺݳ, һ, ת뿪, Ϳ, ѾôСﶼ, ΪһûֵĶӣǷˣ
ϱŵñԼŮ, £ҵ, ҪǸѾ, Ҿ͸ƴˣ
æҡҡͷ, ҵĺ, ҶҲģ
ϴҵѾڰæ, ҵԥһ£Ҳڳʱŭͷֻ뽫ǰ˴ҲԸɿƶɣǷſҪûĵģ׹Ůˣ
ǮӢƴ˳ѻ˿²˼Զӣ϶ĶҲ
ɵ⣬ǮӢɫͲ̫ˣƴ˳ҲˣұԼӣ㲻ϲĶӣҲܱϱȥԼʲô
ǮӢˣȵ϶ſڣֱƿܵļӣûõĶⶼ
ǰͷһһƴžһˣҶӶզˣ˵
һ£ջ/ۣͷҲۣ޵ĿתƵǮӢϣҪ򣬺ȻŮĻ侲

Ҫ侲취ǲܽģοԷ˸ࡣ
ĵķŭΪʶȴװһֵģ۲˵ǮӢ˲ɿ϶ôһŮ˴㿴ʲô
ƶɵͷ
ǮӢһڰ֣ת뿪ⲻʵˣ
ĿӶϱЩǾ͵ûģ쿴ŵ϶ϱ
Ȼô£ŮôҳǷû֪ȥˣҪ˵ӳ϶Ҫ
֪ˡϡϡӦ¡
ŶߵĶһԷ·ɵˡ
ƶε۵죬ŭĸڴʱ˴£Ҫ⡣
ӶκģǽɵˣҲĺѾǼ˾һӣѾȥ϶ᱻġ
ñڼá
ϾҪѾӣڴ֮ǰӦûúš
ǵͷ̵Ĺ˹˻˵Ầġ
ǲֻʵʵõӲſԣ
ֻڲЩҪ侲һҪ侲
Լ˫֣˫ֿʼ򶨣ҵҲ侲
ʱȻǰŮȥ´ɳЩطǿ԰æģ
Ůǲϵˣ
ڵԼǲǣ
ֿʼˣҪȥҪȥ˰æȳԼұĹŮ֪᲻ᱻ۸ÿ㣡
۽ߵɷ򣬿ˣУҸᣡ
ճϹ
ǮӢû̫ϱҶûäֶʶԼͬʱҲǷäһ֪Լһ֪ԼԽȡ
ȻĻϱš
Ǵӳֻ˵޺ӣӳҲȨʡ
Ҳ֪£Լѩ⣬϶ĶҲŵˣûĺӣҳȥ
£ǮӢһ˵һҪ꣬ΧûˣС裬᲻ȥӳ˵
û£ӳҲܲ˼¡ǮӢ
ǿһۡ
һͺ⣬Էͷڵɻһ¹ȻʵˣҪʵ̫죬Լµġ
ˣ̵裬ҵѩⰡ
֪֪ǮӢû֪ԡ
ɿŹŮЦݣˡ
ֹһֱٿϱǱߣȴ˲ˣ
üһֱЩãɵʱӳ⸽ûпְˡ
͵ȥ˰ɡ
Ůת֪͵
*
ŲȥҴӳѾ˵ûдӳ
˳ֱ壬нﳵҲ÷ɿ죬Ӳ˰Сʱ͵
ֻѾĻɳ԰æҪɳﲻˣȥִ֣˾һԡ
Ȼֱȥְɣ
ûĻһɻóȥľﳵʱպԱ°ʱ䣬һù˳ȥſһ򣬿޺ҵĹŮˣҶ֪ȥˣǰҰɣҹŮʮ걻ȥ˵ϱء
һλĸ׹ذ󣬸߳ȥûĹԱ߲ˣ׷׵
ʮ걻ȥ˵ϱһɫˡ
㣬侲һ㣡
Ҳ侲ҵĺӶûˣˡֱӱ˴/ȿޡ
ֳ˸ҷܣϵ˶ʼ֣һְȽϴķ㣬ȸҽȥ˵˵ǲźøҹŮǲ
⻰ߣ㣬ҹŮձ϶Ầµģء
Ů˱Ǽһᣬٴε㣬ģһѹŮһȸ˵
һ˶ȥʱ°࣬ϵȥϵϵҲȥϵˡ
һֶˣۣʧȥŮŮ˿޵ÿֱһҪĸŮžۣ
*
ҹ
ǮӢ˯òȣڵģҲ֪ڵʲô˯ţ磬ԴӷʧһʼΪȥҴӳΪ͵ԷʱûˣͿʼˡ
ƴ˳˯ôײײԷҧҵģ˵ȥˣ
ƴ˳ͷ֪
ǮӢüͷЩ˵Ҫĳզ죿
ܳʲô£ǼŮֲǸõĵǷƴ˳ˣϽ˯ϻҪϹ֡
ǮӢ˸ǲ̹ʱ
զˣҹģŮ˻ˣ
ǮӢˢ˯ˣҪŮ˽ѵһ٣Լ°죡
֨һ򿪷ţŴһëӳȥԺʱ֣ġ
Ȼֹ㵵ĿǰһȺƷˣ඼챻ŵͣˣ˽ֱǲҶ
СԹټ˱ܵη塣
Ϊ׵˵ǮӢ𣿡
ǡǰզ˰ǮӢش
һ֣˽ǮӢͣʣµֱӽݣ£
ǮӢһϳ޺ɶҪץң
Ҽҿʵʵģզ°
ҲȥҲȥ
ѹû취˵ŮΥģҪȥʻ
ǮӢʶʲôŮҼŮ
˻׹ŮУڲ˵˼ﶼ֪ͽ˼ˣ£Ůʮܼ꣡ˣ˿
ǮӢ⻰һƬհףһ׵øһֱŲҶȴǱϡ
ۡһ£Źϣ·һƬڰ̱ھϡ
ˣ


114  114 
Ͼŵ, ƴ˳ͻȻһȺ쿪žãھӣһӵ˶ˡ
˵ΪŮץ, һĿɿڴ, äһνܿ, 𾪲ѣǲŮҲ
˵𣿹Թ, ôͷˣ
һԸȺڵľ⻰Ц, ˿ǲԵģʮ껹ǸӣҲǲܽ, ǲ, Ů˲Ըޣ˭ܱȣҪ˭, һҪֱ
ǣ
ЩǷ˶ٷ
Ҳˣֶҿ, Ӧº󣬳žûע, Ͻˡ
̫ˣ
Ƽͬµò, ٱǹź, ƼҲһһʡ
ƼҼӶϱʵĸһ
ھʻϲ, Ȼûв, ǻ֪һģϴҵġ
ʹƴ˳ǮӢٱŮ, Լļ̳˻ϴ, ˻͸¶һЩ
ƴ˵ץ, û, ҵ˵, ҪѾҸ˼, Ҳ֪˭ġ
ϴϱҲǲĻʣ֪ˣһңҲǽ֪ġ
Ǳߵֻƴ˳ǮӢԼƶɡ
ӿ˵ž뿪ۡһ޳衪
ӺܿԶȥûһӦ
Զ˵Ⱦ뿪ٴΧ˹潫ѾˣΪɶǼҶز
ͷһΪ⾰ܺãո˵ǷģҪȥˣҴҲǺõİ
ȫȥֻһĿޣȻȳģʯ࣬Ҳܵһһ˵ţѾóôã
񣺡
һ˵㿴Լ˵⻰¡
ˣ۵ŶԷ
ƴ˳ڣǮӢڣɩɩûη壬⺢ı軵ˣҡҡͷ˵ùӢôţ˭ҹɶҲᣬ֪˵ˡ
Լóģ˵ѾѾǺһɽôãɱ
Ǿǣ˳ˣȻӸˡ
ŵƴɻˣһԼҿ֣˸ߣˣȥ˯ˡ
⻰Ҳɷ
˸Ͻӻݣ£ϱżҵģǱˣȵ۾ͷּҡ
Ҫˣǻزˣ
˵⻰ɣţȴûжѹⶼҵģҲûȫȥĵزǿŶҺ۸ҲѾ۸Խˡ
αأ
Ȼڴ֮ǰ˭Ҳ޷뵽û飬ʲôĶɩ£Ȼֵ춼ˡ
ʧ٣ȥҾˡ
ϱɫ΢䣬ȴǾţǴż־ϲı仯ҪĻȻͷˣ
Լ˵ĸĸû
һҲ⣬ĸˣҪزˣǸô죿
ϰЩңֻǵϸ룬־áҪǷּҲˣŬŬӾͿˣʱǾͲв
Уϱɿͷ
Ů˫ȫҲС
֮ǰҪӣҳڣܰæģڿɲˡ
ǾȲˣּҲġ
ΨϴҵģģҪˣز˭
ϴϱƽʱֵúϲСӣſģҪôһӣǿɲԸ⡣
һǸϴģ¿ɾ鷳ˡ
*
˶·Ψڵš
ܲ
Էİ÷ɱԼܹδֿסĺ
ֿɣɼʹʮʱҲ룬ҪŮһͣ˵ʱ
ˣǾҪǰ˺Ҳ⣬ż˻Ҳ磬û̬Ůˡ
ΨԼŮ˿ʱ
ô࣬ҲҪܽͽȥͽȥˣƼǱ٣ףƶһͽȥҲûʲô
Ժӿˣ͸Ǹˡ
ΪƼһһ죬Էǳģ˯ʱ򶼺ܵ
˭֪ɫʱһ춯ͳ֣ҷ𾪾ŵļɵӶӿź
ûһűƿһȺſڣĿԣ˿Ⱥɥĵʮ꺢ӶŹ
һŮܹοûˣ/ѾˣץˣС£

Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ⱥֻ֪͹˷ä
ŵӵʱ򣬾ȥƼһ˽˴ؾҹʣΪͷֱӶڣ˭Ҳ͵
ʱȨάԶûʮộʱʵвŵȵֶζЧġ
ƴ˳ǮӢֲʲôţƵˣ֪Լ˴ѾŵòУôʣͳ˱ʲô˵ʲô
ˣҴȥˡ
˶Ǯʮ顣
ʲôʱģȥġ
ˣʮСȥһɵϱ£ҵ顣
賿ʱǰ󲻳ʮСʱͽȳˡ
млС㣬ʱɵӣźһԷһأ
±ΧţٵҲ˼ŷԱˡ
ĸߣСڵϿޣſſҵϱҲҪߣҪ
ûᣡ
̧һߣ
顪һ£ˤڵϣƨ/ɶˤɰ˰ˣɲǼ޵øˡ
ľ컹ûüͼ˱߳ȥģһʱҭС
üһ⺢ӦáûҲ˰ɣ
˼ЦЦСϾ
ųڲôƽϿţȻٶҲﳵ̫࣬һ͵˾֡
ھ֣ԱŮʧãĳţѾˣ
Ů£ĲΪⱲӶŮˣҪƶͬھͺˡ
΢侲֪Ůô϶µģ
ֻҪװ侲ӣΨǿһʧȥŮĸס
װЧá
һЦر裬ûµģҪˡ
͵͵Ŀ£ͷţ֪㲻µġ˵ɿŮϸһ£һûУϵĸǵл
һϹһδα߻вôı¼ҴǮӢڲĿ޺ԽԽ
лȥ¼ͱһϢͣȺĶͰӣǳš
æһ/ҹһ/ҹδ˯úúóһϢš
ŹϣЦݣ佱裬
ɫᶨ¸˺ܶҲЦˣŮԴѾҲ
ҪԼ·ߣҲҵһ·ſڿֿʼڳɹŮ
һɾ޴ĳɾ͸кͶԼĿ϶ӿͷ
Ȼ֮ǰ飬ûĹƼ˻ôʮû˵˭˵ģ˵Ҫ鱻ģŮ˱űƵúũҩġ
˵ԼҪ飬һֻŮģҲԼҡ
ˣ֪ôԼôŮһˣҾ졢ҸҺܶˡ
ˣ
ƶɣҪ飡


115  115 
, Ҫֱ飬˫޳ɣ˵ݵϢ, ȥƶɡ
ٷ, ʮ꿪ʼھʮ, ߵľ档
ƶɲ֪룬⼤, ˵һ, ҲŮûеģ
ӶĿ˵㲻֪ҪѾƶ, ݸĸŮıӦ
ƶҡҡͷһû˯۾Ѫ˿, /, ˵һ֪ˣҪˣѾô죿
Ҫ飬һѾúùӵģ
飿ƶɾһ, Ѹҡͷ, , Ҳͬ⣡
Ůͬ⣿
ѾأҪѾƶɸ, ֻѾҪô㲻Ϊ, ΪѾǰ
ѾͲ飡˵
ƶ, ܻҪִˣܣŮ飬ֱܴ裬ֱסˡ
ʮǰԼôôˣƴӵģϹۡ
ȥŮн
ƶֱţ£ҲǽȥȴõĵĲĸŮƶɡ
ѾƶɿŮ۾һʵְ֪ˣ֮ǰҲԣ/Ҫ飬ȰȰҪˣԺôڴǲǣ/Ҳģ
˵ļǰһȴһƴϣǳһ£ƶһƫ
ѾͺһŮ𱸵֣ôҲܴ֪𣿡
ʹҪ飬ݻŮĸףһӶı䲻ˡ
裬ҸףҲˣңѵΪǳҾͲܴ򣿡
ԽԽܲסŮˡ
ƶɱһƴ򵽴ͣü󣬻ˣŭĿŮѾ㡪
ңŮǵ˰˱ùĻֱ˵Ҫǻеģ͸飬ô㲻ùܣ붨ˣ
ƶɱú޵һŮҴ׵ֱǷ죬ηӣ
ֺޣҿǷˣССҴҲǶԵģ
ĮȻȻһӰɣҲû£ǱʳӵĹ飬㲻û£ң˶֧ģ
죡׼飡ƶɼˣק۵ֱ졣
鰡ɲɣ
ټҲûãѾȥˡ
Ͼʮ꣬˵Ǳͼϵ֮ĵȵȣģ֮ټޣҲػ
ֻǵǱǮĶǮˣũ˿ûнӴ
ҲǸո뵽ˣһ˲Ըкܶ취αظĥ䣬߽ݾͺãǮ׽ġ
뿪ƶɿŽյĴţŭš
һٶȱ򿪡
һ˵໰͸һ
ƶ죬˵
ֻƲסۿ¡
*
ƶɣΪ˸ԭһ¡
ô׿ԱĸŮ˭֪׷һУԭҲûԹ޵ġ
ֿ֮򾯲СȥǮӢ
ʱѶûͷһأ˭Ҳ֪ʲô
ǮӢôԼѾȴҲ˵ֱǮӢ죬ϣȭһ£רʹĵط
ǮӢƴӶǺˣ𣬿ʮŮȻһ
ءѵʣͱһ£۵۾Ӷɳˡ
أһ£ԭĵط·ĳѨλǣȫˣ
ˣֳͷƤϳ۾ɵˣյߣҴ裿Ū㣡
أǮӢˣ۵ĺ٣Ǿ֡
ţˣ֣۵òһ޺Ӵ
ϽȥŮһȴϳ·һ㣬ҲЩˣûʲô쳣һŮѾãȻվǽߣǱŵˣװģǾ͸һ
ǮӢᣬֻñˡ
ȥĶ֪ŮʲôĵЦˣ˵ʲôûԿʱһӾĻҾ侲ˡ
ǻҪģһôȥᶨ
Цøġ
ôģģųȥǱˡ
ʮȻн֤ɺܶ˶û֤ʶҲھϯˣʱȻҲרĵطɵǱͱϿɵġ
£˾ͻȥˡ
ܺߣ¼˾ߣǮӢˣҪȴо
ųŮһʼͦĵģȿ쵽ӣͿʼˣѾ˵Ҫ֪Ǹүү̺Ͱְ֣᲻ǰ
裬ҪǾȥҾ찡ĺܺá
ţҲֻ֪Ҫ϶ĸо
һʣҪҵ֪ô죿
ЦеģˣǸ˵
ţԥһ£ٴεͷֻţǱˣҲۣԼŰɡ
ʱϢͨ˻ȥ˳Ƽңȴû֪ƴ˳پǱߵֻ֪ΪŮˣһȺΧѯʡ
֪͸¶ֳĬʲʲôЩ˾ˡ
ˣƼȴûߣƴɸϽʵôûһ϶أ
صûһԣ˵Ҫʲôֱȥﾯ֣Ǳȥʸܵ˵
ھ֣ƴɳԾ
˵ɿűѾʶʲôûп
ڷ䲻ҳųѾҰ軹㣡
һָǲҪٱһ٣
һ£ϴ˵һ䣺Ѿ˶ûȫ岻סû˻
ˣֻȥˡ
ƴɵ˻ʲôֻ˵һ仰Ķ˵û취̾Ϣһȥֵһ£˶ȥ
ϾҪĳ͵÷ּңô֣ƴ˳⡣
û˰۵ˣÿ࣬Ȼˣɻӣ裬ôˣ
鶼ѾˣʣµֻǾֵβȥֽǱ¹֮ʲô£
ЦЦҡͷûʲô
˵ЩŮķܹҪԼԵġ
ֻû뵽¹ϢϱҴҸˡ
ңҡ
ǸϹֱԺһ
һ£ܳŬЦݣ裬ɩôˣ
̫̫ûܲ˵㹫űץˣǷʲô°ҪҪ


116  116 
̫̫ͲС, ĵӣͷ磬滹кüܵ, ΪһŮǰʵͦϲġ
ֻǺӶ, Ͳôˡ
ټʱͨ, ҶæϹɻ˵, һ굽ͷҲʹʱܼһˡ
Ӿ벻ԶʲôϢܻ֪ͱ, ҹƼұ쿪ץ÷˶²
´ÿ죬ӳ˵˵춼ȸԼĴ˵̣һҪؼ
һܷ
ҪΥˣǾ쿪׷Ҫߵģ
Ǳŵˣ¶̶ʱֵü˾֪, ⲻҲ֪ˣ̫̫ס, ҪľڸϵĴϱ
Ůһ£һ, , Ҫ淸, ǵøϽޡ
治, һ, Ĳ, ͺܼѣһӣһˡ
̫̫ôһʣɫͽסˡ
Ҵɩɫˣɵӣʲô°ɣ
̾Ϣһ˵裬ɩǽ˵ɡ
ĸ׺ʹɩӭӽŹϣƼ˵ߣ˵ôΪҹŽѾ˵ͯϱˡ
˶ס²Ǻܳ
ȥ꣬⻹õģ˵صĵطŮģӶˣȻеģŮĺӣƼʲôزˣ
˵Ƿģ֮󣬾Ͳ˿˼Ҷգƾʲôˣ
ŶŶ˸ŵͷ
ֵ֪֮󣬾ȥһǱߵ˾˵һҪҾȻѾǶ֪ѾȥˣͰǶץˣһʣֻ֪ƼңǱҴ壬ӵҲˡ
˻
˻
ϱ֪ͬȻôأɫ˵ˡ
ڲ˶Ҫ̣ھֿôУ黹ҪٵģҾͲ֪ˣһˡ
̫̫ΣһʱŮ˵Ů˷ֳɣԺúӷǵ㡣
пһ£ɫ̫Ȼ
զˣ̫̫ʡ
һƶҲӵ֮һͬţҪˣ
̫̫
Ҵɩɫ𾪣¾Сӵļ£ûǣԼңʱÿڡ
̫̫Ͳһˣɫһ䣬ֱ㵨ӴˣȻ飿
֪
ЦȴҧƶѾҪΪѾҶܸһ˭֪Ժ᲻˵ܲܳһѾȥǱˣ챨ֽͻᷢ
Ҳ鰡̫̫öţһƵûŮô࣬Щ᲻õģػѶǿ˵ҪסģһŮǴļޣѾô죿Щ㶼ûУ
۵ɩҾĸŮһӣһתȥҾͺúõĸһɻϹֻ֣ҪҺѾһڷԾͺˣ
ҴɩЦСӣҲǲԸ㣬ֻѾԺôˣҪǳ˵˼ң󲻵
˰ףҧŴͷ
ЩҲֻƼҲʲôõطѾҶ͡
̫̫̾ϢϱķӦУɩ˵ĶԣΪô㶼ˣܵøӿһ£˵ס
޳ȥŮóȥˮôתҲҪҪѾǾͲˡ
һŮҲԼڣиӣǿ϶ϲ
̫̫Ը⣬ͷҲԸ⣬ǴҲͬ⣬ΪǵĲƲϴġ
ֻ⻰˵һ룬֨һϵűƿ
*
ȥɽһˣΪû֮ǰ׬Ǯ
סƼңǮӢ˶ţǮһСĿܾͱ˱ˣֻǮá
ڼ˽ˣͽǮûá
ʱŮ˷ֲլأеĥ硭ֱǮ㶨ĳЩˣͻúܼ򵥡
ֻû뵽ô졣
ſһ˵̬ȺΪ˱ò׼ᶨؾĳѷ죬ֱŽȥˡ
Ů˲俴
Цݣѣ裡
ѾɴˣҴɩЦĿ佱һ䡣
̫̫ҲЦЦǳˣ˺öࡣ
ЦЦװ˼ЦЦʣʲôѽ
Ҵɩ˵ѾҪ鰡֪ʲôԺǲһ
ܺӣŸĸҪ飬ĸ˵ԼҰҪֿܵģһ֣ˣҲк¡
ɩӣ˵¿Ѿͷһִٳɵġ
ȴͷֱˣżɻ⺢Ҫɶ
Ҵɩ˵ѾһʱͿø˵˵
գۣȻһЦ裬ʵģƶɲ䵱ҵҲ䵱ˣ˵⣬õġ
Ҵɩ
̫̫üͷЩˣСӾǲ£Ůȥ
Щŵ½ǣɲԼô˵Ѿ϶Ҫ
ȴʱӿڴͳһСǮЦеѣ裬ǶʮǮҰѻںʳתȥٰæڴһŵӸǣǿÿӽǮҲֱ𣿡
ˣ
ʮǮ
һʲСĿ
ʱͨһҲǮ⻹ǺõģıϹӪͨһ¾塣
ͨũһƽһҲһǮеĹ٣
ѾȻóʮǮ
ɫ˱䣬ʶ뽫ŮǮְȥ
ģԸһ٣
ĥһӣŸĸ챨ֽ͵ǳ붨ˣܲԼɣ
ǶʮǮǶۻһ궼òģ
˵𾪲ĿǷΧڣǮ̫̫У˵ֱӵ㣬ƶԷ᲻÷ôһǮ
ֻҪˣҾ飬Ҳ˼ǰ˵Щ߰лǮţԺסҴ壬Ҳտš
̫̫˲ٶӣ˶ӣһܴļͥˣҪʲô£չ˲ģ˰æҲͦõġ
ǮУ۵ñۣʮ鰡
ⱲӶûôǮûˣ
̫̫ĿͣȻһ𾪼Ҵɩ𾪺;ϲˣ
ĿڣЦŵ˵ʲô°һˣ˵ЩʲôʱʰҪȰߣÿŸ䣬סҲһҪˣƼҿ϶ڡ
תƻںʳСóôǮͷв٣תȥҲõҪԼչˣǻҪչԼ
Ǻ°
̫̫ŶϱĻȻĿĵ
ҴɩڨЦٴƼҲãһƼҾöˣǲ飬ô죿
̫̫΢Ǯ򴽣ؿﲻ۵ŮȻóôǮǮܶס˵죬ֻǡ飡
Ȼ飡
ȥҪָָþã
۰ͰͿҪҲͬ⣬ĸŮǮҲѡ
ˣʰ߰ɡ̫̫һ߷ߵĵŮε챨ֽƼ֪ҪˣϽʰ


117  117 
Ҫ˵󲻴, һǣӣǾǴˡ
˷ä˶֪ͷ, ˿ǵʱŻ£
ڶһ磬ֽǳƶݸĸԼŮץ, Ϊ˸Ǳ飬ŮҲϾϵһֵ÷з𾪣ͷӣ
ƼֵҪȥ, Ϊһ, һ·ʹȥţ˵ֵ, 㿴˽ĳ𣿡
զˣûü˵
˵Ǳˣ˵ݸĸԼŮϱܲˣŮϾϵֽ˵һŮ, ˹¹ˡ
ҵθﰡеǲɵŮ˿ÿ, , ȻԺһգ, Ůûˡ
·׼뿪ƴɣ
²ò£϶϶һҡ
ȻǱˣ
ƴ, ⻹ûּأǷּ, ҲǴϹͷŽ, ¶˶Ѽˡ
ִչȥ, ֽ򣿡
ǰıȥÿɻˡ˵
ƴܹȥǮˣʣԭţȥֽϽȥ
һȥֵܾʹһ𿴱ֽˡ
ɫҲΪѿɵãҲǸ˵ģǣȥҾְɣ¡Ƕǵļ£ɩǱˣѾ붨ˡ
ƴɺݺҧߣ
һ磬ҵλãύ˴ӿ֤ȼȻƴ˳
˽˵ˣǵ¡
ƴ˳ͷֵͣģһԿǵľžѵ⣺ʲôʲôأھֶˣ
ƴ˳ѱס˴ؿڣŻǻȥͽ˴ƼҲ׼飡Ҫֻɥż˲У
ƴҪͷɰס϶ڣǼȥǼ˼˵£˭һ䣬˹ƶû˻˵ʲô϶ɩʹѾңֵô࣬ҿɲ밤򡣡
ϧúܣ
ƴ˳ˣָôôǣ쵰
Ʋ죺Ұǣˣ㱦Ůʶûһڻ˯أ
𱻹߻ˣûǳȥںˣѾͷòУ˵ǲô˯
ˣҲӣֱˡ
ƴ˳
ڵǸƵķˣ£
ĻҲñŭͷƴƶ˻ع񣬶԰϶£Ҫǣ⻹˵˶ڣԼֵܹȥϱǸʲô£
ѲҪһ쵽
ϱܸɣ
²ܶܣ
ƴɻһأֱתƻ⣺Ǽô죿Ǽּң˵ô£
ƴ˳ھִһ࣬˱ţоǽֽܸշȵȣҲ֪Լ˶ڴԼܻȥˣ˴ӵĻȻؿƵۣ˼һ¡
û˴ҳ¼治ּҵģ
ϰûϵ;ͳ£֮ǰû׼ʲôΨһĲµģˡ
죬ƴ˳˵˭ϲ˭ס˭ңʱݣұ߶ָ˭ʣµҳǮһǮԼܵǮŪأӣڼܵǮҲû٣ηһʣҲûʲôǵġ
ֵɫһ䡣
ƴɣԼ̳мһֱ嶤û뵽ȻҪСڣ
˶Ը⣬ŵ˼ǲʲôûУ
ƴ˳Ĭϵ̬ȣ
ԼȻТ˳ģɶ깤ֶϽĸˣʵʵ£Ӳ͵
û뵽
Цˣ֪ˣӾͲ𣡡˵ˡ
ʣֵܶһۣȵ

һСѾͷﶼھ֣˭֪ôģǷҪ
ֵһۣԷеڱصãһʱˡζ
*
ƼΪ˷ѾҴ尲ˡ
շӻеġ
ʱ֪绹п꣬˿Ȼ࣬ɲ˭ܳǮػġ
ܳǮ˰æǰкƼΪƶɻھ֣û˷ǱˣҲתȥ
͵㶫ߴӳʹ峤
͸㶨ˡ
ʼк¹Ƿӡ
ⷿӣϰæǮ˽¶ġ
һʱΧӶĽϿѰû뵽Ůôã
ȻҲ̫࣬Ҳ䲻˼ҵϸǲ˼˵ʲô¾ôĬ
ŮôǮ֪Ůʶҩҩ͵ˡ
֮ǰɽŮҲòҩֿЩ߳ϣúõĻ˿¡
Ȿ£
ΪĸŮˣҪķҲһݣ䷿һԺӣһͲ񷿣ʵҲС󲿷һٶƽķӣÿܶࡣ
µʱãΪܿõ죬ĸŮͰȥˡ
˻ⲻᡣ
ùڼһʱʱ͵͵Ե⣬ˣԺͺлһԷ϶Ҳˡ
æŽӵӣҲɹѧˡ
ᵽ·ӵĵ죬СѧпԣŴһٷֻϲָǨʮ
˫ϲţҪԵõףɺ֣ܳʶŮֱʵĻǮҲ֮ǰôۿˡ
ĵͷԣҪԺõ㣡
ĸŮһЦü۶ûаɫۿɼĺûŵĸڣԼļңֵֻˣԼԵģ޿ޣ
Ǯˡ
ҪŮ˵Ҫ͵޲ö˵Ůˣϲҩ׬Ǯܰ衣
ζҪЦˣ
ڼ䣬ӺüΣǰΪѯ飬˵ڴǳ󣬾ǿʼ߷á飬ÿÿûʻ
ºƼȺУǮӢƴ˳ֱʮ͸ģ˵൱ˡ
ƶǴӷʮ͸ġ
ӵҪ㣬ֻꡣ
ҷץɵû˿ˣҼݣݲģûþ˵ɵӵˡ
ƼǣĸִССİҲڰ󸡳ˮ棬࣬ԭķⲻȥô࣡
һʱû˸ˣԽԽˡ
뿪ƼңʼѧϢʱ͵͵С⣬Ūҩȥ׬Ǯɸ㣬ȻŲ·ɳԵöӣ
ҪǲⱻųԽӰţŲˡ
ãû˵Ƽҵ£ֱ͵͵ȥϣһӰ׷ܣĵǰܵø죬սһͺϵľݵ㣬ŶѲ
˻عתͷ󣬾Ѿ

Ϥ治̫á
һɫҸˣ
ŶŶֲɶһ٣ЦⰻȻٺ̫ˣûע˵֣˻ʣѾ㲻ѧզˣ

ܲĸˣ
ʵôҲˣ
֮ǰݶ˵ɫˣЦݳ˿ЦĨ˰Ͼĺˮ̾Ϣⲻǻȥ𣿡


118  118 
ǰ깫ʳþû, ڴҶԼԼģΪ˸ǸӣһǷű˵Ǯֻ, ӵ, ˵嶼, , Ҳƴô죿
ɣ·ֻǼ򵥵˵һ£ֻüȴǶƣ
ͷ˭ù, ߿ʲôãҪúûȥ, ֻƴ
Σգɻһӿ
ֻһʣ˭֪ôĻش, ݻɬһʱԶԡ
ʱɼѾԺҪ, ǧ
ɻգۡ
ɵϴһҲүү̵һ, ǵľ趼ѧ, ÿԲůҪÿũ֮ǰԵġ
Ͷˣһθ, ڶξͻҪ, ҲԸ, Ϳʼ, ȵ, ҲûﱾûԵģ˭֪ϣҶЩʱһҪҲ㱻׷ϣ

ĿӿڣӿڴʱյģǿӰֻ޷⣬Ȼؼʱ飬ֱɱģ
ε㻹ǱˣһԺٶô죿
ҡͷʲôûϵҲûܽﵱˡ
Ƭ̣˵壬ɣҽϼֲҩȥɽҲɻҴٽȥǮ֡
ûôصʱ׬Ǯ׬ģٹ׬Ǯ͸ʵʵѧˡ
ҩ±ƣѾʲôʱʲô
ûشѾԹָֹͣ˵ˣ֪ˣѹ֮ǰȥô󷽵ĸǸǷӣһΪ󷽡
ʱ֣ﶼΪŮǷӣ㸸ĸԸ⣬ҲԸ⣬˭ҶǼһ
ǼңӻǸϴ󣬶
һЦ壬Ȼ֪
ҲͦҸ˺ģƼǱߵɽȻɰɽɽ¶гƬ򲻱ʶĲҩɴڵ١
ͷ۾֮ǰࣺܶ˵ôҶģҲҪ֣ɾͺã
ж룬ֻһ㣬Ҳڻùܶࡣ
ǲµõѾ׬˶Ǯɣܶˣ
ҡҡͷûʱȥҪȥ֣ȵȣһѧУֽʻ
ãɸϽϡ
ʱ䣬ѧ˱Сѧγ̣ѾϳС
СʱٴγֽϾмҩӣƼ򵥵ļʣȴһСݵɫչֳˡ
õоָһ֪ﾭеģҲǲҩ
ЦŵͷԣⶼֵǮĲҩȸ֡˵ҩժעȵ⡣
ȫ㶨ˣĶһ䣺壬㻹Ҫעһ£ӲֻˣŻ᲻ǣȻǲҩףǶ
ʵ֪ͼǵ֪Ǹǳ˵ߣֻҪ£Źԭܵõô;˫޳ɣһûԼֶŮжҡ
ҲһɲԵģãҲܺù
ƴ˳ˣôһ̯ӣ࣬ǮӢǶԼӵˡ
˽̳ĺӣֻкݺݵĽѵ˲С
ɫԥҲǲô̫ˣǼͱϴҵĶ֣µȫ嶼֪ʱӳֹڡ
˭й֣˵ϴڵӣֻܰʹУΪ𲻸סһ
ЦҪأ
һЩˡ
*
ɻصѾ쵽ˡ
ûصң·ھͼСؤһɫһ䡣
ԷҲˣȴǺηһ£ĸ磬ҳԵģңǱץ˿ɱԹҡ
򴽣ʲô˼
ûʲô˼Դ֣ҺöɩҳԵģ쿪СҲû취
̶ʱ䣬Ѿѧ÷ǳˣΪ˳ԵģòֶΡ
ĸˣû˻Ϊʲô֮ǰƵĴɩڼ̳мҲɫͱˣһڷǾڶûؼҾǰˡ
ֻϡøˮһĺ
ҲûãܳԵѾܺˡ
տʼǰҲʶʹӣһʼɩǻԼû֮󣬴ɩͿʼ֡
ʮһ꣬ùԷ
ΪԵˣͿʼ͵ʼҲԽԽݣԵҲԽԽ٣ÿǶŶӶɹġ
ʱֶΪԼҪˣʱҲ̣Ǿֵ֣ԽԽá
´ӳٷԼȥֻܽ£ԼƤ֮࣬ڻ
Ҫ˵˴ӳİæԶǲܵģ֮ǰѾƼݣԭõķͣˡ
ϾȫҶԣԲã
ȫǻ͵͵Сģ
𶼾ʱĸһԵģˮ˿ϣֻû˸ôֺöˣҪԵЩǾʶ֡
Ҳͷˡ
Ȼȡ͸С￴ôôŻɴϲãʱһ䣬Цɣ㡣
óëǮ
ϲѣ޷ĽӹȷǮ󣺡ۣ
˭֪һɫҲ̧߹ȥ顪һ£ˤڵϣ㵵ĺʹûü𣬾ӭһ󱩴
ҧߴǷǲǣҪ˵û׼ӿжʳһ㣬ĸΪӲɴǰɣ
֪ĺУƨ/ɾһʹ
Ϊĸ磬ô࣬ʼôһ£֮ľƨ/ˡ
ڴ˵֪࣬£ǻۡ
һƽһƣſڵϣֻޣءʹˡ
μѾ˵ģҪ£Ծ󻼣Ȼֻᱻǵøݣûͣ֡
ΪˣȻ˳·һӣž/ž/žӴϣǿɱִøۡ
ɿһӭ۵Ϯ۵ȥˡ
ˣۼԼ֣ηӣȴֲҶ㣬»µĴͣˡ
ôһڣʱѾ¹ʱ
ǰؼŮ˻һĻǸɶ
ĸƽ޹ʴңˡɤӺ
ɫ˱䣬ߡ
ЦˣĴһǮ˻Σ˵⺢Ӵ͵Ǯ˵òôҪǷžҪǹӵﰡ
Ůɫ𣺡Ǹô򣬾Ȼ˵ţҲ֪ô̵ģôԺ󳤴Ҳ࣡
ڴ±ƣ޷⡣
ûͣɹٴ


119  119 
ɹͲҩʱ˵, һ£ǽһˬӱԹʧˡ
ԺƵ, ٸЩˡ
ʮο, ûɽصˡ
ƴɿɲôзִ, ˺ô, ֪ҪǱ֪ˣҲܻɱˡ
κǵ, һֻŸϽ׬Ǯ, ŬѧϰѧУ֮ͣǰС
ӵж, ʱҪѧϰ˵ֱҪ̫ɡ
Ҳֻ꣬ʮһ, ˸С
ʱ, ɵĽҲ˺ܶ, ˶׬˲٣ɵˣ˵ãڶ, ͹ˡ
˵˸, ʱͶ˳
ʱҲû˷, ŸִĸʱĹо, ÿ춼ҪϹ, ɻҲۣһ㸺
ڿ飬;Ϣһ۾ȴԭȴȥ㶫εĻˣ裬ôȥˣ
ЦҲǴӵ𣿽ȥһֱͿǣӳˮһ仰˵
ŲƲ¶뷨Ĭѡг¶ĸװȽϺãÿҪöȥ˵ġ
гҲһңҪõȴ٣˽賵ÿζܽ赽û赽䳵
˭֪ôá
ҲЩʧ޺𣿡
ҪȥúþãôľҲЩûˡ
ϧҴûиɽȻ͵͵ȥҰζ
ҡͷܰˮޣҪǻˣ͵ļԱûһǮأӳڼˣҪǳܿٻһ㣬û׼˿ޡ
û뵽ӵҲȥ˵Σÿζ˻ʱģû뵽ξͻòʱ
գۣ裬ҹȥ
ȥɣҪҸһ𲻣һ
ڲũæʱ򣬴ҹϢһ죬պýϢ
ðЦŵͷһȥ
ٳţǴΨһϸеĺӣкĿǰҴ嶼ûһϵȥϾҪԡ
ճţΧ۵ĿȤӴѧſ
Щ꿴ԼŮĳɼƶϴѧֵüЦûء
ҲһЦЦ飬Ҫ֪⼸϶ϲ˴ѧ᲻İ
*
ĸŮɢһߵ˴￴֡
ʱΧ˲ˣΧֵģӳŬ򿪷˿ᣬ˿۾ﻹãȻٿĴһЩί
ôһ£Ҫһʾѣɴöũ߶ҪµģѵҪƳˣ
ЦЦǻЦأӳΧһȺֻſֵĴۣ֪취û˭ʶ޳ģ
˻һȫһ
ӳֱӵۣٵĵһ̣ԥ
Ҫްɣũ߷Ҫټһ룬ŰɣҪ˶ȥϾ͵ð峵
Ե׸ô
ʱߴһСӳ⳵ڲûⰡҪſһ£ٿ⣿
ӳɻĿһ۵С⺢ӹʲôң
Աһ˵٩ӳҴΨһĸǸСţϵĸУû׼˼֪¡
ӳɣôСﶮ
ǸҲûʲôá
ͷһЦӳ֮ǰʹʦ⣬ﻵֲ֪Ҫ£ͷһͣҪǳˣ⳵û׼Ͳˡ
ӳԥţ˵ʦʹ־ÿЩͷתͷԸ𿪳ˮ˵ԡ
ˮǸʮ꣬ⱻӳȥѧĿ⻰ʼֱ֣ۺü¡
ӡ¡¡˶ڴ˭֪һ£ûˣϨ˻𣬴ӳֺˡ
˹ˣæͷ
ˮԹɿ᣿
ӳҲɵڴĿ
˿˵Ӧǻϻѹӳܲ𣿡
ӳüͷһ㻹У
һЦҪǲɣҾȥѧУʦӦòɣ
áӳˣһ£ˣԷҲúü
Щɰˣզϲũ塣
˴𰸣Ҫߣ̤̥һ϶ϡ
һԿţɵ÷úõ·һŪģϧܲסŮֻ֮
ӳ䣬ɴ࣬ͦϲģϣ˼֣Цò
ʱЦûãƽʱϲ飬ӻԼũأ˵ܸܲһ£ø㡣
úӰӳٴθ̾ûϡ
ֻһ״Ķһʯͷϴһģͦģġ
ոտЦΧСѾͷ㻹᣿
רעոոĳߴдĥžĶûʻ
ʵⲢֻʱǴＸѪģ˭ҲҾ˶ûӴеĶȻҲŪ
ܾǰʮ˳ֵĴˡ
Ū·ȥһԻŵˮ˵壬㿪һ£
úãˮæͷȥۼ£Ȼһӷ¡¡ٴ
ӳڸ˵⶯죬ĿƵĿš
ҲˣǹŮģҪʧˣඪ˰ӿ϶᲻ĵġ
ֻϤġ¡¡󣬶һתΪġ䡪Ķһɺ̡
ˮϲӳӳӺˣ
ӳ֪˵͹һԾһԣ
ˮԿӲһüԶβֱ죬ȴ᲻ŲĿ⣬ֱ˰
ǸոտЦˣƵҴ֪Ѿͷϸˣˡ
˰ɣʲô£Աߵ˳Ц
ӳǸˣȷȶֱӴͷЦӴǴҲ˻ˣѾͷʲô
æ
ӳţֺѾͷ޺ҪġˣҪȥϵģϽϳˮǵðѶ͹ȥǩ֡
κģ裬㲻Ҫȥɣȥɡ
ŶԣֺǺǵˡ
˳˾˵Ů
˵ϸˣôȥģҼӴѧϰҪһ
иˣŮôһͬҴĽһ˵ʻһ⣺ŮǺף˺öأĴһѧ
˴ſֵͣڰ֣Ӵ⺢ôǴСϲѧϰһԴ飬һɵˣû뵽ͦµġ
ԣθˡ
˵˻
ºѧɵˣ
˭ҺܰʮӾѾллˡ
*
һ
ӳ˵кСδԱúúöԴ˻صͳһǳɫĲףģԺѧϰȡǴӵޡ

ӳĲףЦݣӳһֱڿ飬вǹڸũߵģҪǴũ߻ˣҲѽ
ӳĿһۣ˼Ƭ̣˵иˮǰʱҲˣ˸պˤȣʱţҪǲż
۾һģҪȥ
ӳѾͷģ
ɫȻģӳҿҲԿһأ
һ
ӳЦģҲ˼ܾͷã


120  120 
ʮֿ, ŽĲףŲŴӳȥֿ⡣
꿴˲飬ԾЩЩо, кľ۹, û׼ܸһ¡
ֻϧ, ũҲڲֿⱣ, ɻ˸Ӵ
Լ, ҪľһЩߣ򵽣ֻܼϣڴ
ӳҲ֪ԼʲôħĴųé®Сһֿˡ
ֿԱƣһ߿һߵӳ, զˣˮˣ
ӳһ, ôһҲЩ߳ܣѵҪ߶Է, ԼһСޣóó
ֿԱʵͷ, ֿŴ, ܽȥߣӣһȣͽˮˡ
һŲֿ󣬱¶, ս
ˮûĸĿǰƷ糵͵, ľ嶼кЩˣ޸, 滹Ķӡ
ӳ, Ҳ˵, Խڣ϶СôᣬôҪǲоˣԺ⣬һġ
ЦЦӳҾҿԣܸһ㹤𣿡
ӳЦûۣϽ˵Կԣ
Ա
ĿŴӳƵĿǸ۵Сӳ˴˵е˼ƣҲһСѾͷˮɣⲻǳ
Ȼ˵һԼŷʱʱһۣϳԷʱٸЩС˵˵һӳСˮ棬ǡ
õߣʼˮоȷû󣬾Ϳʼˡ
Ա첲Դů¶£ֲһ¾˯ˣȻԴһأˤϣѣۣԱ߿ۡ
үģԱͺһ۾Բˣһͬɵ۵Ĵӳżӳô˰
·ŻĴӳԭţԱôһʣŵһƨϣлãȻȻҲһܳ
ֻոջˮ֪ʲôʱѾһƬƬģֻʣһͺͺĹǼܡ
ӳһ亹߷߿ߵˣ˯ʲô˯Ҳ˯ˣ
ԱӣһӳڣҲԣ˵
ӳҲںޣ̾ϢһҪǰͼ󡰻һͷӶɢˡ
ӳǸԺʲô
Цŵû£ҿԸԭһᣬ濨һѵݵӣݽˮԴӣȻҲüͷ𣺡ӳһѷС
ӳ㶣ҲͿԼһۣĿͻصɢܵķ糵ϣɫ࣬Լȣ㲻ְӲŵӡ
ͷȻ͵һ㣬ˣһҲû£ҪǲҲû취תȥö
Աˣӳأ
û£Ҵġӳļ򣺡㿴žͺá
ԱƵĵʱԱһ壬ҷһ¡
Աʶһš
жѾ֧ɿ֣ʱһɵСѾͷƬϹ㣬ҪŪˣⶼⲻ֪һˮǮ
ѾֵǮˡõĸһǮ
ԱĬǣò˵ˮľͷˮʴ˲٣öÿ
һӳһϸĵӹˢˢ£ǲýĵݸһ½䰲װãĨ͡
ԱĿɿڴĿˮȫԭûһ̲ס죺ԣ⼸£޺ã
Ҳûʲô
ӳƳһۣû˵ˮҲǳɣͺˣ
ͷҲ̧ˮļ飬ȻҡҡۡĶˮҶ˳֮תʱûˮһ΢硣
˳ûʲô⣬һЦԱ߶Լˣ
Ա
ˣ
ӳĿ⾪죬͸һüһѾͷǸȻⶼᣡƽʱǿʲô鰡
ЦеһЩ飬ӳҪԺжҪޣѽ
ððӳ¶ЦݣͷȻСѾͷúѧϰȡԺ˴ѧô϶ԺһԶո
ͷţһŬģ
*
ˮϢ޺ãȵڶóȥʱ˲죺Ⱥˣ͹ˣ
ǴľҵģǸˣֻӺͽܣˡ
ӳһЦǸ޺õģСѾͷУ϶飬治
һ𾪣һСѾͷ
һ˵֪Ǹ޺Сӳͷ˸ӾȣĽǺøôбµѾͷ
ʲôв֪Щµʡ
˾͸գˣʱջһѾ̾ˣԭϸԼѧˮ
ԭڴôõˣһӳ˴ˣе˵СеĸԶô̺ӡ
еֱǺӣ벻ҪÿرѼؼˡ
ЦãҪѧ󲿷ʱ򶼲ڴżϢҲٳš
ֻԴκ󣬴ʲôˣȥޡ
ÿҲֵߵߵӦˡ
ֻ޸ũߺͳӣ˳㻹źһЩũߣⶼǵ˵㻰Ȩſʼġ
رĴҲʼȥޡ
Ҫˣ޺ãÿθһ㼦һЩСƷͿԣɱרҪöˡ
ͱΣԭȥ
ΪӴתƳȥĺӣһò˺ĹΧۣҲ᲻˼ʶˣʹ󷽷Ĵк
ƼҴһЩԭЩ룬һЦ׷׿޵úӣôˣһ˵Ǹĺӡ
ɲǣ˳Ǽ֥鶪ϡ
ҡͷ̾Ϣһм˭֪һתȴһϤӰں治Զʱɫһ˵ץǺεġ
ֻǱ˵ȴûضǱһȺΧۿ佱Ӱ
۾ˣ޷ԼģǸԼ©ԷܹڵϼССѾͷȻڳģ
ôܣ
Ӧðģݵģںڵģֻһ˫۾˿ֲģ
ӣװ׵ģ߸ߵģȻ֣Ҳָɱݣݵһ˫۾ͻأ
úܺÿûһӰӣдżֳȣЦü䣬ʹźѰ·ҲǸ
һ۾ܿ
·ڲͬ
ҧ᲻֪ʱѾӯۿתһֱ˵Լûµģ˱Լûҡ
еϴԶˣ
ѾѾͷȻôÿԼÿģȴ
æĻ˽䣬֣о˿ԼĿ˵ĸⲻͬ·ʵʵɵƫͷȥ
öŨŨ޵ɫ
ĿԣԷ㶣ҪɫչһЦǳ
һҧסݣ쭳תˡ
վ⣡
Ѿ϶ڳЦ


121  121 
δ, ֻҪ뿪ƼңǰСߣһ
ͷ, ŴĽ, ֺǺǵŴӳĳؼ, ׬ʮ, ã
Ӿôһȥ, ֱʱһ꣬ԽԽũ˵ûʲô
ʵ񣬼ʶ, ÿĵľǽ²ȥ, ʳ費Ҫˮȵ⡣
˴ķΧ
ѧУУҲûлؼ˵, пҵ, ϾҪѧ, 춼ŷ壬ԲãԼš
ֱбҵѧУͣҲ֮, һˡ
˶˲á
òôһĹŮۿܶѧ, һɳ죬Ӵ˲ٵ, ͣ, ѧϲ˵ġ
º, ˲ﰵ￴ֵˡ
ȻҲʮˣж꣬ϴѧ˾ܶ󣺡ϲѧˣԺҪٿңҶҪˡ
СѾͷǲպиСӣҺӺģҪҪȻ˼û飬ڴҶˣҲҪġ
ɲǳصģһ˱ԼҹŮͻɽ˺ȥ
ŮΪ£ѾڴﳹվȽŸҪ۸ǣҪһͬͬ⡣
˿ЦģвܵһЩԵ㡣
ЦãҲЦˣŰ˽Ӱͻȥ
ֵòУΪҲƼҴ
˸Ϣʡ̫죬ͬ˸ĵط
˵𣿡
ϤĿͷȤĴǷҪߡ
ˣҲ˯ţöԷߣֻԼߡ
һ˵˵ˣǶǹŮѧ£Ӵ
ס۾΢΢ŵĿǱһ㣬Ҫø
ԷҲûĶ̾Ϣ˵ʲô°ѧôͻȻͲˣЩбҵĺǶϲ˴ѧˣ
ɴ󣬴߾ϲЦⲻԾ¶
Ȼ
ȫͣεҲ˵һЩֻǴҶ棬˽Ĳ࣬Ҳû뵽ⷽ档
ѾȻϲ˴ѧˣ
ҪԼ͵ҪЦˣ
ãŬһǰ׷ѣ
˻˵Ӧòᣬôѧǰ׽ˣѧУǻ˲Ǯ
֪ôģҶҲ飬ܲϴѧ޹ء
ɲǣ
⣬ѾûٹѾݣЩʧ黹Ǻܺõġ
ӹòıȲԼ˹ôã̹
èƹˣһ뿪Ϊģıģ޲ܷ
ѽ
ѾңÿŶ
Ȼصңϵϲɫһ£ңϧ뿪ˡ
Ҫط䣬ĿԼϴ·紵Ͻܹȥ·˶
մ˺ö೾ɫˣ뽫·ֱ˦ˣңҪֹϹƶûԡ
̾Ϣһˮ·ϴˣɹ
ȴɩһͦŮ˵˵ЦЦĽ
򴽣ɻ
Ů۾ȴ·ڴӵĸоȻ·Լ͸ˡ
жѸټӿ죬ط䣬㲻ҵ
*
ţȴûֱϢǰűߣŷ͵
֪ɩҪʲô
ܹ鲻ʲô£Ϊ˵Ŀ⣬뵽ǰѾҪʱˡ
ֻǼºЧû˸ұŮ˼ˣɼʹˣǲȻ뵽ǰ¡
ǰʮֻ꣬ɩɩͷĸ˶˵Ҫ޳ȥ
ȻԸ⣬ɩ̬ǿӲҲɵֱֵ˴ӳ֮ǰƼҵǰ֮²ôǿƼҴɩǱݺݵһ١
Ժ󣬴ɩûٱˣҲֻɼ˻ҪϹ
ÿζ͵ӹµöΣģҲû취
ȥû뵽ֿ
ܻţϴβͬǸʱʮ꣬ԾܾʮˣŮö඼ˣӶеˡ
Ժſ˵˻ͻˡ
𿴲ʲôصţոյĺڴ˿ȫȻˡ
ɩһĥʲô
ֻҪǲЭô죿
벻ֱͨ磬ű죬֪ϴһ¶ģ
׬й֣Եģʣô࣬㶼ʮˣôĹǼˣйԼ˭һҪ˲
ϴϱһָǰһ׷Щţҽ˸˼ңҪԸ޹ȥҲҪĲ񣬵ҲˣϾҲûԺǾͷּңġ
ּң
ģ
֮ǰ˴ɩõĸΨû뵽ȻֱӲԼ
һ統ͷȣ˶±Ƶģ𵽵𣬵ָһ׷ʲô˼̳ҵӾͲˣô죿
ƴû˵Ϊ׸磬Ҫ˵˻ǻ᲻̫ϱͲһˡ
ϴϱҲɷˣ㲻ʣ̵˭ҹʮ겻˻ţҲˣ
ˣҧÿֱ죬⼸걻η壬һʱûҳȥɩܣ̬˼ô㶫Ǵ򷢽лӰдأ
ϴϱ˷ۣҲȥһ˶ٻҪдӳ㹤ֶ٣ֵܷٲƲܷô໹ˣҪ˰ǵʳͳˣ
ɫһ࣬ĵͷֱð亹
󣬲е
Լ֪Լɩû˵Ĺֻ԰ģҪ水չַʳÿ֣
ϴϱȻҲ㲻£ΪɩٸҸ棬Ҫ˸ϽޣҵԲ˿࣬޹ȥҪӣ벻ôԿ࣬һң϶ûã㰮ҪҪ
һ䣺ҿǺòҵԸȢģֲ֪ɻˣ˼Ҳͬġ
װˣ֪ԼپҲûãһϴϱǰ޵ɩҴˣһúøɻ˰
ϴϱ˦֣㲻ҡֻ˵ԼĵߣɲɻûϵҪܲ˻ȥҲɰģӻǻסֻǼͲˣԺԷֿ
ܶģǵöĴ󰡣
˦֣ͷϥͷۣµʵĿû
ƴɼҲٱȣº͵İҲСˣüˣǸ˭϶˵ҪȥɩģҵҲԶԱߴӵģʲô»Ի
ۿ磬û˿ҡĽҲʧĵĵͷ͵͵ģҡҼޣ
˵Ļ䡣
Ը˾ҸǮˣȥǴĸ磬ҲΪҪȥЩʶһ¡
ϧòÿССģû
ҲûԸȢ
һ粻Ըֻܶɩ˵öԣΪ֮ƣиԵҪҲ㲻ˡ
ֻܼޡ
ͬˣϴϱҲˣֺĸҪǰǲǾ͵ţ񣬲Լš
ȻԸ죬һ˳Էˡ
ЩǮԼŲ𣿣
*
ĴޣΨһܰݵģѾòõο塣
죬ֵ˲٣Ϊԭûд죬ӻʮֵġ
һӺӶ࣬ӡ
ϲԼ޵ˣСӵĻÿɰԼԼĿ佱Ҳ̲סЦһ¡
ܿˣгϹһɫĴţǹһСǾһȫſڵǹ
Уһϧ˵˳֮ǰð޹ﶼôª
ûǮ¡ЦҪѾھͺˣ˵ǰЩ챻Ƽȥ˻еˣһʮǮأ
Цݴżֳ޵ĵɹǰ˵ʲô˵һ飡
ܵģ
һˣѾôô
˱һϵķ֮ɫʿˮʵʵ˵˵ѾǰЩ챻Ƽȥ˻еǱ߿Ǹò£һ˽ȥȥֱʽһ¾ʮǮ
ƿˣܣƭң


122  122 
жô, ʵʵ
Ըţܻˣ, ֵҲ, ƻȥ, ʲô˼˵İ
ҿǷ˰ɣԱ졣
Ҫ޵ˣһѽͷ޶סأĸɶֵģ
ǸʮǰòȢ˸, Ѳ, , һֱûȢڶ
ٺʹˣȢϡ
ʲôǻĸӶ, ûĶ˷ѿټһ/ʹ˸ɻȴ, һȫû⡣
˵ϴϱô
ȻúõأôͻȻ, һǰ׶ûУϴϱǸر, ṩġ
ƵͶ·, ֻܼˡ
Լͬļ, ͲǱ, û˱ȣˣƴܼһóĸܶһԼӵŮˡ
һֱĽס
ֻͬˣ׾ͳ˽飬˫ûиģһҪƱһҪӵŮˣǵڶμ档
˾öˣһʱ佫ͷ޶סڣƻ
䲻ʹͷۻͷҲû˶ǣʹĴ˵ķ֣
ŵ̬˸оԼðˣһƴϣ𣿡
žһסˣ㶣ɫѾ׵ˣԼɫһ£з𽥻ָҲʶԼոʱʲô
ʶ㿪˵Ŀ⣬ɩ
ϴϱɫҲÿ֪ʵһϳ˽ȥҲʰʰȥԾϯ
ŶǳʶʱĵͷС͵һۣгȥ
ǽӣʹ÷޲ñһ٣ڶ˵Ȱ˵£侲гϳ
ҧҧϺԴ
塪ӿ˹ⰴදΧӺʹ˶壺ﱻˡ
ɫÿϵ伸ˮ顣
ΪİοʵֻԼĴѾôãԼȴô˵ϱ
뵱ҪѾ޸һɵӵģ
ƾʲôôãԼ
һεεģﳵ緢ոյŭʧͷۣԭ̵ĿһԼ
ȻССģʤᰡмܸһȢСԼʮŮˣ
һɫֲˡ
Ȼڿޣ
޸Լôί
ҧҧѾŵûˣôˣ
Լ˿֪
޿ľż˵һһ䣬꣬Źϣ˳Ƥ
һ׻񣬱ĳ棬һͣҪܡ
Ѿˡ
š
ȴ˿ûзӦǴŮˣʲô˲ģŮɫżֻϲϱˣиӰɣ
Ȼȥˣ
*
е
Ϊ쵼⿪ģҵ˸ӡ
һ·С
ǺӿũģȴѧҴСѧͲͣ꣬˸һ
ƫƫʱ˲ãӦһǾܿڹ۽ѧˡ
ĳɼĸѧϡ
ϧˡ
ҲΪԭôһӣͷӳ⺢ɳ˵ˣ˽ĳɼĸֽ͹
һ⺢ӴպʺϸһУİ嶨ˡ
£Ѿ˺ö˵Ŀ佱˵⺢Ըߣ飬ᴴ¡
ʳˣǶлӡ
˳̹·硣
Ҫ֪ȺǰܱԹѡ˲ǵҪ󣬻Ҫͷ̣ˣڲ˵ˡ
ŴɱӣõĴӰ칫ҳҪȥһǺӣӵã˼ʲôҪģƸ˸ġ
˭֪С¥ݿ
Сѽôˣеĺһ
̿Ƴ˵һҪȥʡн𣿡
һ£ͷ԰һ˼˭ȥأǡ
ɺĿСòȥɣ
չһЦȥ𣿸ʡպҡʽոĿǰҲ̨ûãȥһ¡
ոǹҵһԶոԶԶûкԶոǿҲǿֻ̫࣬Ǽԭ޷ûõġ
ȥԼﳬǰ֪ʶ㣬ܲܽи򻯣ȡôҶĻ
ǵһʮȰʮһˣеһжÿջ񼾽ڣŮ˶Ҫࡣ
һ䣬ܿܺܶණʹˮƯͲˣջͲһ͵һѣϸϸССһʰģ
ǵرӣֻеļʱ޷ѣҪǿõũǸüٶʧ
ʱԵÿп࣬ǸɲԽԿ࣬ԽãԽֻۣϼֹۣ۳Ͷ٣ҪӦһѵ飬ֹܽᱨȵȡ
ܶ˶ȥڼλţÿϰ£ܵùʣɱһɲܶࡣ
ܲȥ
ȻûоðʮοȴҡͷһСŸۻҪ֪ȥ˻תһҲɵġ
ҡͷֵҿȥǾȥɣԼܱȱתҪǿҿԲҪ⼸칤ʣ𣿡
ЩݣҲΪ⺢Ӻã˭ϽãȥһΣҸһ𡣡
лл̿Ƴˣ䴽һЦ
ڰ̵֣Ų豭ȥ
룡
ȻǸúӣͷһӽˣ
*
ܿʱ䶨
ڻеϰ࣬סģΪҪϢһؼҸ˵һ
յңѾһ·һӻҪ˵㻹ǵù𣿡
գۣɻ𣿼ǵð
öûŮ𣬻Ϊˣǵãѹ˵ǰˣ
ʣǲʮꣿ
ǰҷԼˣҷţСҲֺõģвǼٵģʱŮĻЦʮ˲Ǻ˵ϴһʮѾ御
ЦЦͷţȻء
˵⣬ɫһ㣬ҪֻȴƫƫЩ̣޵ʮӵˣʹʮֻ꣬һĸΪ˵˵ĵһ죬ͱ˴ˣϺһϣɤӶˡ
۸ԼŮ³Ǻܺø˵ģ⼸걻ŮӰ죬֪ڻƴŮǲԵģЩþ
ָо͸ǻìܵģı鶼΢ᣬ֪ô֡
ʮ⣬裬ܣҲܣұ£һӳһŮڻﱻұǻᴦġ
СͷЩԼΣҸ˵ɶһûС
ֻǳŮҲû˿²ˡ
²ԼǰСӣ²Ҫ˱
Цû£ֲǲ裬ôˣҲˣڹסܳʱ䶼ز˼ңôټ޸˰
־ǳŮˣӲҲرǿƶֻǴСĽʶһˡ
ڹԺܻæһˣƳ
ϣټޡ
£ȴü΢ŵĿЦᣬûӣЩȻʲôޣⱲͺá
˵ʲôЦ裬Ժû׼ҲҪģţҪʵģͿԼ˰ҿ϶ֵ֧ģ
ʱ䣬ƶɻһҪ϶һʱҹҪˣɲð
ǻ棬Ц
ŮŪκģɫԽŨװ˵˵֪֪ˣ⺢ӹ/ˣ


123  123 
˼Ů˵Լĸ, ŮĻͷʧˡ
鱾СطԵþףļ, ˲˼, ˼Ͼʮ˼롣
, ˵ԼҪ¡
ͦĵģŮԼҵľǲϺȣ˸Ȩ֧֡
ʱд˷ٱ, ̤˳;
ٴλ, Ѿǰº
ɫƣ, ϵıȴȥʱĵùĹĵģװ˺ööʱ˵ǳôϡ
潻쵼, ͻؼϢ
ڳĿǺƤ𳵣дҲôãʡ, ƣ̶ȣԸҹˡ
ؼҾ˯û찵أ˯, ŵһζ, Ҫƿţһ˵ѹ˵, ˮ, ˡ
е, ȵȣߡ
⡭Щ˼զô⣿Ѿͷɶ
Ц⣬ϲԷ⣬Ҿˣߣʱˡ
˳ɵأ
㻹Ҷţģҿ϶еġһ䣬ִߴٵߣҪԺˡ
ŶŶ˱׾Ӧһƺˡ
ԺŹϵ
Цһ£о˻֪ôûȥڴϷ˻ƿţ裡㰡ʲôˣ
ߦ棬ˣҰ¹Ҫ˲Цŵ
Ҫͷһ㡣
áת˳һٴƮȶ˵ϣͳ⽽ͷ档
ԣҲһԣĶϴ˵£ٿԼ⣬ͳԷ⣬ŮԵĶŮʣµͳˡ
ŷ˾˵˵˵ţ˵¡
ϴǲǸ˵ˣʣͷЦߺû츾˾ˣŮ˶᲻øԼˣͦҵģһٸ״øֱӽץˣϱڼܡ
֪Ǹˣʱ˶ˣ˵һûиûѪԵˡ
⻰Ƥûһ£ͦõģҪЩ۸Ů˶ѧð
ͷ˵ġ
𲢲Ƕ
һѱĸˣû˼ʱ죬ϣԹúá
дٱţҲֻΪǸ̫ˡ
Թ컹ûڣȥ˳ڳϢڶһ磬ĿʼоԼŪЩϡ
Ȼ޷о˶ǹ֮Լĥ
ǱߵżҲȥʱ͸˵
Ҳ֪ûã˻ˣǺޱٱִһ١
ڶͱ׵ܸȥˡ
֮Ϥĳ
ѭ˼Σ˶ˣ½˹صһαһξãûûǻǶ飬ƫƫŮܺݵĿԼ˱ͷǲԸ飬Ҳû취ôһδθ֡
֪ԭ˭Լ϶Լġ
飬˰һиˡ
˻ָӣҲ˴ˡ
æµ֮ЩϢֻԴġ
*

͵͵꣬ɿڽ˴ǰ
ͬһӣڴˣй֣Ȣһϱ˸ʮ꣬Ѿɻ飬ʱѲȥ
ʱǴͳΣԸߣһСĿܾͳ£ʮֳ
˲δȢޣĸչˣʮˣǰӷּˣ˵Ϊ¡
ǰûּңĸƽԴìһδμҲˣͷּˡ
˵ǰʱѾǳʻҪʲô
ֻҪͷ΢Цͺá
󣬹סңڹǱҲֵլأ˸ӣǵ뿪Ůס
Ӷʮ꣬ҲˣҪš
ԸҸľΧŲڼҵŮ״̬á
Ҳܷȥˡ
ǰоɹϱȥ㷺ۣ֮£쵼һӣеȫҡʽո
պøһ֮ǰҡʽոͶʹá
һһ̨ͽԭʮջգһ룬ɼ
һʱ֣˼ס
Ҳʶˡ
˹ˣҡʽոõ˲ٵĽ˳ĸг
ԼҲһ
Ժȥ㣬Ҳ㡣
ԴˣҴŮˣ̳ôһбµĹŮôܲ
ģɱȴӳҪࡣ
ÿ춼ֵúϲ£죬˷ϲ¾ˬ岻ʱͺóԵĻһЩְ׾ˣ˲٣ǵùһĻţԼ˦ˣԽڿ졣
ҴﻶϲأǱȴôá
̫κ󣬾˶ЩηЩһŮˣ׽ѵƽ͸Ѱദ
ֻٳûлУȥֻ˵С岻ãöಹ˼͸
ĻԽˡ
ȻΪ˵ɳִ£쵼нһгʧˡ
Щˡ
ΪʲôÿþԼܺʱѾҪðˣ
ɫ
ǹֶϵھϲ˵ţȻоԾڨڨզˣɶ˰
û˰
ѾӦǲģƾʲôڱô·ȫ綼ϲ佱ġ
ھɫһӹŹˣҵȻ˰ҪݣҵøԺ󰡣û׼ָ©㣬͹ֺüˣҪܽҶƼˣǾ͸ˡ
Ի·ھӲֻͬѾ͸òʱھӵĻɫ˱뷴ӲҲ

ֻѾĹϵˣҲ˵ѾܰԼ
ϲ˼Ҵ/ȵ̫ˡ
ھӱ⻰˵ĲˣҲ㻹뱧أΪҲ֪㼵ֶŮ˼Ҳû档
˵ߺߵˡ
˵뿴ܲ޸һºֶŮĹϵҪǿԣԼҲǸϵĴ˴Ϲϵˡ
˭֪ŮԻ·
Ҳһתط䣬۾ǺˣҪڣ϶Ͳˣﻹ֪ĸũܸأ
ȵȣ
Ȼ뵽ԼҵһץĶ磬°꣬Ƕӣ
תӳȥ
϶ǲܸѾͺõģѾ׵ȶѾ϶ҪģԼھ͸ֺùϵ
ڼͶĻҲģ


124  124 
ʮźŸũ
͸ķĹԱһźţҺֵĶԼ˼, ûֵȥԷ
磬һæµƶƣʳȥԷ, ;·һЩŹԱߵ, һ˿Ľ
ʱҲеһԱ
һŹ۰Ͱ͵վǵţԸʣҲҪſûԼš
Ů, ֵܡֶӣһֱ۰ãȻǱ飬ܲһ㲻ܲ˰ɣ
һδεĵȴ, һδεգһʼڴĮȻ
ƶ, Լôʧ, ΪٱץĶӣ˵, Լȴᡣ
̤ʳʱ, ֵ˺һ֣ƶɡ
ƶ̧ŵһֱ̣, ˤڵϣյסκܹ, ۾, ҵţ
Աͷ, ŵݹȥ
ƶֽӹ, л, ޲˼ҵʮ˴лˣõֶֽڷ
ֻǵչסˡ
֡
޴˺һƶɲ̽ĿѾŵĹԱʵܲ鷳һ£
ԱͷԣҰɡ
ƶֽͻȥһЦĻϲȸԾԼڴ
ӦŮİɣ
˶ΪŮܲ᲻ܵġ
Ա磬𡭡
ƶڴ֣Ҳܸˣš
ԱѾڱÿˣ˸Уȥ˻еǰ϶Ĵ£е˺öཱҶڿҶɩи
ƶþң̲סѾҹŮҵ찡ôˣ˸У
Ů϶ְֵĹ͡
ԱĿǰϵˣŮȻôĹŮ
԰԰⺢ӿɴˣСʱ򶼸һɽȥס£ôгϢҲģƶɽͦͦţ·ոշѾϵôԼһ㡣
ԱЦϹ˵ˣһСɽȥɶ
ƶɸͦȥɫڨڨýֻܱͣ죬ڴš
ܲ˵Ϊãŵİɣ
Ա¿һˣֻǿɫֶ˼Ȼ磬˵ѾˣɩգɩҲļˡ
ƶ۰Ͱ͵ɫסȾšüͷҪֽԼȴֱֲӵĹԱ̲סĻż磬ٿǲǿˣ϶ǿģҹŮôĸҹŮأ
ԱüôܿˣдģŮˣڽϱҲļˣ
Ҳܲ죬ʵ㾿ʲô£ϱҪŮգ
ƶڶԷԼȷʱɫѾˣʱԱ˵ֻŷ߷ߵôܣúģȻնˣ
ԱƲƲ죬ȤĽֽϣڰ뿪ˡ
صλǸͬ£ȻŹŮգƶĪ˶Էأ
ͬ΢У룬˵ǽƶɰɣ
԰
ͬµͷ͵֪ĬøĸԼŮΪ˸ƹ۵ȣʱҿһɵ˰ɣԼŮúҲϣôŶȹһúð
Ա
˰ɣҿ˵ѾСˣѾǻеļһ¹ʼʮǮأ⻹ֲҪĹŮɵ
˭֪ôģڱӦˡͬЦʱϱǵǱģֳǣһأ˺ö౻Ů
Ա࣬ҡҡͷһã
һ۸ӣǲŮ˺ܻ
ǻá
Ӷˣոɶ
ûж飬СʱȥģǸʱۣȥ˼ͲԸ⣬ĺӴһȥͲȥ£ֵҲҪ֡
ţôӳæдģĳȥˡ
Ļȥ
ȶ϶ҪȥѾѾŶ磬ǾͲԴԼҲˣ
ڲ飬Ϊ˻飬͵ԼԼ̫ˣŲҪأ
ûãյƶдţЦЦд˷⣺磬ȥѾˣûɩˣ˵Ѿҡ
*
ʱٷչһ꣬ѧ޷ҵҰɽʽʼ걻͵ũ塣
ڵĴҲڶ̶һڣͽ֪ࡣ
ԭɵķݣһסˣʱ֪סΪӱͲûбˡ
ʱڳֻһ·һٻһΣûĺ֪Ӵ
ûã֪Ҳˡ
һȺ̵Ƥ׾ŮӻȽĳУĵطɫЩ㱡
ӵߡ˺š
һȺͬӻŮǰ棬˫ȷϺ󣬴˾ˡ
ΨһԼĪʮ˵Ķ飬ᡣ
էŮЩţһݸ׷ʵ֪࣬˵ǻ𣿡
ʻʮͷü۳ʹƣɴഺ磬ɨΧЦģ֮ǰǻӣϾҲ֪Լ䵽ĸ
˲ͷָԼҵһλãϢһɣҲãҪӣҲһۿҪǰСʱûˣҾȥ绰
úá˵⻰ˣ˸յԼϣ۰Ͱڡ
ȴûϢ˿ȥ·ڣһ˸ŹҳԱ
ۣ
ԭͶƳ֪Ƿһϲ۳Ͷٵƣ·ҲʧˣԼǸȲл
Ȼ׶Ǯˣֱ̫Ҹˣ
Цҡͷڰ֣Ҳһ̱ı˶оˬˣֻҲ̲סɻôû
Ǵù˰ɣ
˵ⶼǵ֪ˣеˡ
ʱһ桰¡¡۾һٿȥȴһƯŮ
סԱһʣ֪࣬ǲ
ɵӦòǰɡ
ҪǿǸŮ֪ͨǵӦûǰ˵ϰ
ȴӵſڸͣ£ĺһˣһ£ͳ߹
Ͻǰӭӣ˫ѽ棬ֻǵĴӳˣ¶һĨ̾ЦݣǴӹȻ鴫ĶŮӣƶ˲ˡ
ӳһЦɲǣǴӿġԵ䣬óӣ
һֻδ£ո˵ЦȻȥֻոտŮһ˾Ůɫ䵭ѹԷȴ֣
ɫһ䣬ǰһţȻˣ/åŲֱӸȥ
˱ߵֱӵȥƨ/ˤڵϣŶɫЩãȻŭĺ׵

ȴŮͷһЦл
κˣ˼ͷ


125  125 
ʮˣ
ʱǺ, ֺÿ̷˵ʮʮ꣬಻١
һԳѩ⡢, ƶɴӻϻص, ɫǻ㱵ġ
͸ĵĵطƬֵأܻ֮ôõĵطƶĵط, ڻˣ
ٴοߣƶ̰Ŀǰ仯Ļվǣÿһ, ´ˡ
ѾŲܹ֮, Ѿ, Сüʱʱдš
֮ǰдŻ, ˵ҪһԼ
СôԼ, ϶ġ
ֻţû, Ͳ̫Զ˸ضŵš
ȻһƶɺĿȥ, ȴǸС, һ¿ø, ʮ, Ů˶ôˣ
ĶŮ
С˵ѾҲ, ȻûӣؼˣôĵܼҹһӣѾһ¹ʼʮǮˣӿ϶Ŭһ£ܸӡ
뿪쳡ʱĳ룬ŮʱѾԼŮԺｫԼ뷨һ飬ܾá
Ȼʮ͸ģɳˣ
ﳤÿƶɲ֪ΪΣܾƣһĶš
ǵŮƺҲоߣ֮Ŀԣʮʱ䣬޴ĸı䣬һ̣ƶɸĸоʲôŲܹ
Խ߽ˣƶԽԼ²ûǹɫ䵭Ҳ⣬ֻԷûϳԼɺܸˣϲĺѾ
Ƴһۣû
Ҫ֪γˣһݰݷٳ
ƶɣ
ɻһ£ѵǣ߽ĿŮϴת첲һ̺ǣЩ˵ѾѾ
ÿӳĵطֱֹӳʲôΪʲô㣡
ѾûУƶɼˣ̲סҪĴһŮԴһˣҲûʮ겻Ů裬վǸŮͬԼĸĸһ㣬ʹҪԼŮҲ޷˵һ֣ƶɣ׵
ȥҲûأĴһ¡
׵ѵýѵ
üͷš˶֪Լûƫͷ㿪Ҫ˵һܹƶɾһţͬʱ
Ȼˣ/åŲֱӸȥ
ۣЦոյķһӲˡ
ƶɳ±ƾ±ƣ͸ʮ꣬мǿӰַŭԼһ˿˿ί˵׵
ˣǼΪӰлˣԼ
һͷˮֿǱӵˣĬĬκ͡
Ҳûƽϣչֶˡ
ڳϺúõأ¶ûƶЦǰĵ

㵵Ŀˣ˵ĿżӶ
£ƶ϶գֱ׳ҲͲܲң
˵ռûһ㶯ҡܻдżĻŵ㲻ҲҰɣ
ѽѾǱϾϵˣͷĻһ䡣
ƶƤһŭ붯֣ɰƸͼոɫٴ࣬ƺʱԼһ㣬㬵ķ°ƣǱϾϵҲҹŮѪԵϵı䲻ˣ㲻ңǲТ
Ļվڣüͷ𣬴/궯˶
Ҫǿʱ򣬹ŮִԺչãֱӶˡ
ƶɼ÷ָıӺŮϵ
һɤţֱӽΧ·˶һԹȺڿĿָ
˸ϹĴӳһƿƶʲô˼Ů𣿵Ůʱô׹Ůڻ˾Ҫ㣿
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ӳЦһҲŲ᲻׬ǮǴӳҴĺӣҾ͵ùܡ
ӳ
ٵģ
ƶһˣ˭׵͵ٵģͰ˰ףʧε󡢴ӳ
ߣȻǾͻȥӳˣҲߣˣָߡ
ƶɲԸ⣬ɿҲܲѾʴˡ
֣۰ͰͿš
Ҳߴ٣ӳǶϳɣˡ
úáӳæͷк֪ϳ
ܿ쳵Ӻ¡¡ߣһβ
ȫ̿˶ûٻͷһ۱ڿĻվڵˡ
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ˡ
ĸ꣡
𲢲Ȼ軵ˣʶ࣬ΪԼ棬ܱʮֻ飬ϴסϴп˵ֻҲҴ
ͱڣˣǾȥɡ
ҪΪи͹ȥˣΪ˲У͵͵ߺԶһŴ򿪱ҩΪ˲һδε֣һ࣬ƽˡ
򵥵ʱҪӭˡ
ΪڼǰյţҪˣ綼Ըɶ粻ͬ
ĸȻ͸ģǻûĻһúԼѾô׬ǮŮ粻ܹòá
ȻҪʲôˣ
Ĩ˰ոյĵת˲˾ֺͷŭųȥʹ󺰣ˡ
ĴȻƱڼϢĴ׷ܳ֡
һܹοǲֱˣҪȥҼϢһ£
ô£ǲͣһ𣿡
ǡҡͷкᣬɫߣָһ㡣
һת̽զˣҪȥ
𡪡æҡͷҪסˣΪ޵ø
ֹ뿴ֵһһĽӡ
ŵݣȹȥŮ˾һҵ֣
զզˣһŮʵһ߼ӿ첽Ȼ󶨾һһ󾪺ﰡ
ү֣Ȼ
һ޺ʲô˼Ӵ
ȿĴܳһ꣺û뵽ĸӣǡ
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޹ˣֹˣ㹻Χ۵Ĩ˰ᣬ˵İο£ʾԼҪҡ
ûֹǸûȥҲ̫ˡ
ȴûлƼңȥ˹֣Ҫٱ˺Ь


126  126 
̶һʱ, ͸㶨һŮ˾Ը㲻ĶźͰŮ˵ˣɹ͵˼
ЬʱǷǳص, һٱ, ˹顣
֮ǰļұͶߣ˵ˣҲ˹𣬵ĸ, ֱĸ˴ߣӶµģ֪ʲô
ĸǴĿõģȻǺ, ҲǸЬ޷ԭ, Ѻ̡
Ϊ, п̡
ΪǱ߻ݣӵȶ̳, Ҳ̰, ˼ֵǮĶ뿪صƼҡ
Ϊ֮ǰ, ֪ʱƶѾص˼ס϶סϴңſ, ȵĺţ磡
ƶɴӷ, , һЦ, ӭȥ, ̶һ죬ӻվŮӣصƼҵۣߵ̬ȣѾ˲ģڴˣƶᶼˡ
𣡡ƶɸ̾ĺһôˣܸǰһˣԴ˺öࡣ
뵱ڵʱöãװ׾ġ
Ȼ뵽Ѿ֮ǰڵʱѾССģȴװ׾øƯȵϵǻÿ
ۿһ죬ȵ磬Щ궼ûԱһ͵㣬ˣԺҾܳԱˡ
ƶɫʱסƮһ£˵ôˣ
Լ˵ˣȻ˵磬㲻ҲҪҰɣءزҲûˡ
ԼƶܲӦ/֤ᣡԲᣡ
磬ãʮж
ϴϱԱ߹˵ǰͷ϶ҪԣԼǲæٳԶ٣Լ취һҪˡ
ƶɣ
ĹĵҧģҲŲѾôҿˣ
ϴϱЦ˰ɣѾʲô£㿴϶һ
ŵĿѸתͷƶɣҪõԷһ
ȴƶѿƫͷѾТҲϡģ㣡
ѿڶԼֶûأ
ܣҪŶ磬ܵһ侲磬ѾٲТԸ㣬׵Ů쾭壬ҪǲԸ⣬ȥְ
ƶЩӣѾˣһӳţȥҲһĽµðɣ
ʲôãѹƶɵᶨֻѾû취ˣٲТ˳ġ
ѵ벻ҪŮҪѾûϢˣôһ¸Ǯõİյ
ƶҲ᲻ãֻҪӣΪ˶ӣŮˣҪ̶ӣȻȥ
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һ·ϴӳڸ˵£ҪǸոյӳ֪С
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λĵС磬ȿڣͬ־¶ԵģȻ˵޲ǵĸĸ㸸Ҫ㣬Ȼ⻰Υˣ㲻Ӧõģ
Զԣǧְˡһ곤һ֪µ
Ҳ׷׳ԸͣС
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ƶٸڣҸû˵ĵط֪˭İְ֣
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⺢ӣˣһۡ
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٣żæһ²ؼңҪ٣ͺܺ˵ҲĹһˡ
һ죬ƶû
Ҳû˵ˣ˺Ŷ˵ڷǳأǲˡ
Ĳ˵Ĺϣ־⣬ұ˺ܶģΪŮȴŰϱͬģֶκĽ˶͵ȴһġ
˵ˣҲͣһܣ뵱ᰡҪŮȣҪǹŽҪɷҲȥˣָڻء
ֱ죬ĥҪҪʱƶˡ
һġ
ԼƼϴޡ
ûȰȥˡ
ϴҪռˣǺ£ռ˾ˡ
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һԸźѾƼҵĺӣһļ޵ŮˣռǰĺӣҪҪ
պԺŴ򿪣ȴ
ɫˣСʱߵһţֿ־壬ʶһ
ƶǿŮ
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Ŵ˵ֻܳ˳ƶɵӣƶҪڣѾ
죡ȵ
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ȴһЦҾͲô죿
ˣû뵽ô󣬾ȻĲ׵Ҫ˵ȴһֱֵһëӳ֡
𣺡
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ٶȸ죬ֱǰһĺ콫סһ˦ͨˤڵء
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仯̫죬ʱǴȺú˵ģû˵䣬ͶˣƶûӦ
ֱĲҽѣϽǰҪŮƿѾùã
žûһӼëӣƶɱˣ첲۵Ƥһ¡

û뵽ôۣеԽңżˣֱѾÿ
ûƾͶ㿪ˣ裡ң
Ҳ̲סɨܳĿѸŮˣƶث֣Ѿˣ㻹Ҵ
˹ȥһɨϣ֣ѾҴ㣡
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µ̧ͷȥҼֵܴԼĶӶˣɷĵүģֶŮ£òͷˣ


127  127 £꣩
ƶһ, ûʼͱǱ룬ҵ, ׷Ŵܶ˺ö£Ŀ־ˡ
Ȼص, ȻĶ, ߳ŭǸϽҵĴ, пǸⲻ˳۵Ĵɩ, Ӷεġ
첲ȶëӴѪ, ڻ/ۣ۵Ŀ, ò׽ǶĸӸ, ͶĶ磬⣿
磬ǲܷ𲻸ĵѾҪǲ㣬Ǿ͡
Ҫٴ, ȥţƶյ
Ҳ̫ײˣҲ˼£վѾϣζ
ȥ, ˶á
ƶֲʲôӴӾǿˣƢųռ˴룬񱻴һ, ﻹ, ʹһֱ۰, Ҳ̲סһ䡣
ȴˣηŸ첲ɪһ¡
Ѿĺݡ
ƶɣΪ׵ű˵򣬲̫ãû⣬³ɺһֶ
;ú£ﻹȥҵˡ
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Ŷ𲻸ʲԸӦһ
ƶ֪ñˣҲ⣬̾Ϣһˮϵҳϴɾ
ˮʪ˶ˣҪۣԱϴϱ·ĵˮӴģ˼ǵȥٿ𡣡
ƶֱӴͷ˽ţнһˮôҲòȥ
ûһ̣ͬһе֪Լڱ˼ļûˣ
֮ǰҴ壬ˣԺɹ˵С
ۿһᣬ޲һػҴ壬޸ˣǶиˡ
֪˲ٿһˡ
ƶɿЦһأ֪˴ɩͰߡ
ˮưĨ˰ȵ̫ߣȥҴӳҸطסš
͸֮ǰǮǣ͸ĵʱǱ߰԰סûǮõģǮ͸ĵطֵܺĴյġ
վЩеıӰɫĮȻдżŭ
жӲһ
ҪȥѾҲҡ
ȻŶӣûѾĹ˹ܹȥԴ˱ʾֵĻɣᣬ֪ô졣
ΪܸӶԼķƱٱˣ
Ȼһ飬ٱ
Ѿǳ＼Ҫǳ쵼֪Ǹ׵ˣȥҲٱȥеһ֣ҪѾԸ⡭
òģѾҲܣ
ԺĶ磬ȻǾٱͲܱ֪Ȼһ˼ɸŮͲˡ
Ϣĳȥһˣʱ赽˴һ˼ҵгֱﳵȥ
֮ǰгƯѾһûУҪûȥ˼ҽ裬ͬ˲ͬ
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ʱƶɿۣʵɶȥ
ͷƲ죬ǻش𣺡ȥ㶫
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ûֱӳȥˣ÷ɿ죬һ·ϳ壬ȴųһЩ죬ֽвֵˡ
ɫ΢䣬øˣҪǼгȥκǼˣһҲʱֱ֣⼸߳ӵ߳ӡ
ˤڵϣϥۣպһ
ͷͱһץסԷĹݰҵܵܶҿӣ
һף˾˵ֵǣ˵׵ţĸڴúãȫЩֵܰæ˸ܲ
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˽ȷĻǼ٣ϵ׺֮ɫǵ˺ܶࡣ
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͡һѪҺ
ҽжûеоӴʹԼѸŵѪҺɵҪͻ㵵ĿһƴС۵ԼӵˣôҲû뵽ᷢչһز
飡£ڵϷһ졣
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ƶɻڵɻõӳ֪ͨ˵Ϊݺ˺ŸЬ˱̣Ҳˡ
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ˣӦûͦõģû뵽һ棬˱ûˡ
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һٰ˼һгƱͷһгƱҲôʮǮмС
˵ĻƶǰһڣоһĴɽѹԼϣ˲ȥѹˡ
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ϽģҪǾˣгҪǼۡ
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ƶɽŲһ漴ӿ첽ߣ
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ƶǽ赽ǮˣϴֵܴǮֱӸʮ飬ټӴӳʮ顣
Һƴ˳ǮӢʹˣ͸ĵũ̫ԶǮˣܶ಻٣ԸĸóԵģ΢
ƶɴẓ́ǮǰĸũĻ𳵡
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û뵽ϲĶӻǸԼ֮ˡ
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кܶܶû뵽УгϢľȻϲѾȻĸļ޵ȵ顣
ûˣٻҲֻ䷢չ
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ǴͳĽģУٶĴɢãԭ״̬ԹΪŵʱ򣬹֪Լࡣ
ȥҪ飬ϣۿĺܺã
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󲿷ʱ䶼ڻеһ»һΣʹｻ࣬ҪԼϴȥ֪ʶСӡ
һ֪඼ǻΪƶũ׵뷨ֻʵˣ˭ũĺܺãȥĥصġ

ֳԷͷǮ˾ֱӹ˰æĻˣճʱ䣬ڲƬصĵʡΪط滮
Ϊĺӣڻеϰ࣬ũ߸֮ĻеǱҲ˫һϵǹԽԽá
ȵ·ũʱǴӴԭȽΪĴӣһƵĴӡ
ֱӳһȽӣ
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Դʮ꣬ͲĻ£ֻǿһֱΪҷܶ㽫еС˼ѹ£ȻᣬĵĽճϻ
ǸԼҵСӶŮ˼
˾ᣬԽ鲢ų⣬ԷƷԺͳ඼ϼѣҲͦϲģ󷽵Ļţ˳ɻ顣
һʱΧӵһμѻ
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ƶ˵£Ҳܹ˵һȻΪƼҵŮҲԼ۹ĺӡ
ȫȥˡ
һйԼñ˵ȥɣ벻öԼģ˵ҲӲԼԿˡ
ɻӺͳɻǰҲûʲôһڻеϰ࣬һũܶҵ˶иҪ¡
ֱ߿ָһμ˳˥
ΨϣμӸ߿˿һͬһѧ
ԭÿ̫࣬ѧΨһĳ·ֻǼɷ֣ͬˡ
²ռϣΡ
һСʱ󣬿ϱҲΰɣ¿㿼Ĵѧ
οĹͷû£ҿԸ㱨һѧУ

̫Űˣ
Ȼģ˥ûп뿴ģͬһѧУͬרҵѡ˾ѧ
û꣬ɷҲ뿪ˡ
ʱֱͦǵ˵ˣֲȥǸҹŮȥģ
Nɪģ˿ۺһ䣬Ľ޲
ӿߣڴ˻ŲӿֱˣĻͷţǺôһĹŮŮôТ˳
е˰ҲãԼûˣȻҲܱôгϢŮŮһТ˳ǻҪʲôӰǲ
ʱ˸첲һ¡
˵Ů˿Աߵˣ˳Ա˵Ŭ죬һȥͿͷ׵ƶɻ۾βɢĳӣۿᡣ
Ů˼˵
ֻйŹֵɫڡ
ӴôõĹŮʲôãе˾ǴҪӣѹŮˣڿɺˣŮˣҲ
ֵķΧһʧȫԼƶȻоõ㲻⣬ֻͻ⡣
ڶӲûУΨһŮҲˣһǶһңȻûбТ˳֮ǰĹϵҲչͦõģﶼ֮ǰƶ
ܵļҡ
ͷгϢģȥ꿪źʹŵӳȥ⣬ó϶౾Ǯ˵ⶼ׬ġ
׬ǮΨһҪǲǴԼ
ô̵Ҫ󰡣
ءƶûסһʣ˷ɳ۾תȥ
ڹ¼ҹһûȥˣȻ͵öӡ
ŶǰӸ׬ǮǷծݶ©ƬûǮµģ취


128  128 
һ, ߵĺҸûڶӣ˵ӾѾһ, ͹ˡ
Ҳڼ
ֱһ̣һʾ˵ĲƸ, Ѿ, ˸ڶͯ, ˡ
ͳ, ʱĲƸ, ŵʱҲÿ궼, С, ֻǺܶ˶ǮȻֱۣ࣬һ, ͳƳ󣬲ŷ֣˼ѾƲٵĽ
ֻû֪Ϊʲô̽ĴУʱⱻȡѾڵ־
еܶ, ڲˡ
ߵһ̣ʶɢûñоԼٴ, ˵, ·˯һ, һ򵥡
̥ʱϴ󡪡
ٴۣһ绰绰Ǳ߻ик˵㵽ûգҾһֵܶѾ˵⣬ģưҲҪˣһֱġ
ĬĬţоԭеľᣬȶԷ˵̵꣬Ļһ䣺Ҳȥ
кһࣺʲôҶֵ˵ˣͲȥˣҪҪ
Ҳȥưɡ
кĬһ£ЦҵүⶼʲôˣĹԹŮ
ЦʲôĸŮϲưɣҲÿŮӺܴ󣬾ưȷʵӡ
ûʲôҾ͹ˡ
˵ĬĬ˵绰鿴һΧĻֵСﱳǰ·˵˵ЦЦġ
ٿԶߴĽѧ¥
У԰ִһȫĵط
ɴֱӱ۾ԭļ䡣
ԭ98꣬18꣬һ߳һѧʦרҵն
ļͥҲǳͨڳһ߳е˵Щƶ
һСϣΨһķһʮƷǶʮǰģǳϾɡ
ʱŮߺϸԭĸҲиĹʣȨûҪڶӡ
ΪΨһĺŮԭĸŮҪ˵ģҪӣҲûôŬܶȺ¸ˣһȥеԱһȥÿ·׬߰ǧӣʡ
ֱǰ̥š
һֱû̥ѵȰ˵£˼ֻԥԥһֱû¶ġ
ϾͶСˣʮһӣǾһ
ԭүү̶ţǾΪûӶԶϱ಻ǻԸ͸ˣһֱߴ٣ԭĸȥ̥˼ҡ
˶Ϊʲôǲ
ԭ˵ԥ⣬һδ˵ҲˣŮˣϴѧŮ
ΪǾԼ£Ů޹ء
Ȼ˭ܴӻúõأʮһĸΪ̥һòҲˡ
ʮĸΪӣʼ׬ǮӣöӺȢϱ
˶Ϊ³кŬûԭԭ˹ʱѧУŷ׵ܵѾˡ
ҲֹӶˣҲûãֻ˵ĸ˵Ҳԣǵ¡
ֻ©ƫҹ꣬ںһʱĸҵ񳵻ȥ˰Ķһûˣ岻õĸֱӲԭѧδͱȻ
ΪܵûչˣٶˣҪ׬Ǯȥ
ԭûҵҲûҪҹѣȴ̲ݻΪҸܰæʰ̯ӵģԭȺѷ֣޸˵һͥˡ
Ӵ˷ħżҵǮҵĸĸ͵ܵܣȻˣʮĺӣ岢ãͷǮƲ࣬һδۻ͸ࡣ
ȵ˺ӣҪܵܵţ׶԰СѧССѧ
ĸܵӡ
ԭɷͶܲһδεΪܸܵҧҧˡ
ԭΪܻܵɵȥӭȴǸĸ͵ܵĿ⣬ôˣ
ﱾֶһʮûĸô
ԭˣû뵽Լһеõȴһʱ벻ɱˡ
Ȼʶһ£ĸܵʱ˵ǸûϵģΪʲôܵܳΣ
ѷ֡޸һȫˡżҵ䣬ֻΪżǮŸĸ͵ܵܣ
ǵܾܵһ޵׶եˣ
Թʶһʱۣۣǰƣʮȴѹ֡
ԭһı磬Դڸĸԡ
ǵ£ΪʲôηҪԭеһкôҪ
*
һֻ³еɢȥоƽһЩ䴽/ֻ꣬
Ǿ¶ʮһա
ǰԭؼңԶʼƱˣĸһ绰˵ʮһȥΣҪԭûȥ
Ҳǰ֪ĸ׻е¡
ٴ֪Ѿǹʱܵܶˣ
ʱֻһһϢ㿪ԭѣҲǸոյ绰ͷ
壺治Ƕ׼ˣöСŶ㲻͵[ͼƬ]
ͼһֳԷƬһ䣬ʮˣһС붼ǸƯС㡣
ѧʱܶСֵǼߵģٻױһ£͸Ưˡ
ԭѡ
ϸ룬˵Ϊ棬ԭǸСãҲϣ̸꣬ڼûֹʲôìܣֻһ࣬ϲãûʲôķչʵ˭Ҳ֪
ûйԭܲס༤ȥ˾ưɣھưˣȻķЩ¡
˵ĵһΣҲԭĵһΣںȷ֣ԭ͸Ҳĸӳ֣ԺĻʵûж
ԭû֣Ҳһߵ󣬱ϾԭʱԷӦ÷ǳϣֻǳʹеŮһûע⵽
ԥһ£û˵֡
ܽԭˣͬʱҲϲֿڻкֻǽ˼գǲҪɨˣȹ˵һ
ڸҪʱ䣬ԭĸ׻ĸµʱ
˳棬˵绰绰ܿͨǱŮЦ⣬Ҫ͸ࣺ
裡ҲЦݣŮǡ
ĸЦôˣǮ
⻰˵ᣬǵĺһˣͱˣֻûǮ
Ǯˡ
ĸһŶӣһŵ绰ﶼ㣬ֻҪĺкͶŮ˫ȫˣҲˣȺٻܼ
šͷҪһ
ĸȻ˰ۼǰھҲ̥ˣǰȥ̳ˣСкÿɰŰ꣡
ĵ̥ѽ¸ңӺΣյġ
ĸǵЦ⵭һЩ˵ҽƷôΣհϲ𣿡
Цеϲ
ĸҪˣŮ˵ֻϲҲҪ/ĵʱҪ/ĵĺӣͲϲˡ
ĸЦݻδ¹ֵˣٴ̽ǼҸܵأ
Цǰ裬ǿˣԺĸĸˣǻҪΪ˺Ӹдѧѧѷܶ㣬ǵ÷ܶϰʮҰǲ޳ɡ


129  129 
ŮһϯĸЦݳ, õĿǰĵӻֶֻЩ
̥һĸʵҲǹ, ֻǶ̥
һ̥ʱῼǣΪʮˣ˶, , Ů˾͸ӡ
˶̥, ҲᵣҪԼʮ, ̥Ÿնʮͷ, ǸʱҪǸк͵ÿȢϱ, ӳӿ϶Ҫ, СسǣҲҪʮ
Ǹô죿
ʱǷЩڣΪŮùҹ, ˭뵽һ죬һῪŶ̥ߣ
⣬ҲȫܽģĸЦҪ˵ܵܣǽ, Ժʲô¿ɲðţʱżʲô£Ҳܰ㡣
Цڶʮ꣬żʲô, Ʋ, ôһ޵ɤŴ󣿡
ĸԶ, Щա
ȴûͣ˵дѧҵĺӿ϶ҲѧǴ󸻴ļͥɹ˲ôࡣ
ĸ仰ˣһ𣺡ôô׵ܵܣ
裬Ҳ֪ҵܵܲҶӣҪǸҺӵͻҵȻѡҺˣϾѹҲ˺Ӿ͵ΪܹܲŵܵܲԼӰɣ
ĸȥˣֱӹҵ绰òͣԭȴȥģҲˡ
㣬ĸ°ûʼŬҪĻǸŮӦˣŮôֲȢϱ͹ˡ
ΪܳԷ˭֪ˣͼĸɳϣӻŸЦգҲû¶һЦݡ
Ӵĸ⾪һϱߣȻЦ˵զˣˣڻУҪֺ飡
ĸɷԹոҸ˸绰̽һ£֪˵ʲô˵Ҳ飬Ҳӣû϶ʲô˼
ĸɫҲ˳õǽ⺢˵㣡
ĸ̾һȻҲǵģֻĸͬڻУĸ¾ѾоƣƿܶȲ϶ʮ꣬Ҫϴ󲻹ܣˣˡ
̾ĸûôֻ࣬ЩˣǺѸͬŮ˻еļѣüصɳţ㻳УҪǲˣĺҲ᲻ġ
֪ĸͷûԺô죿⼸ܾ̽ðϣ϶
ĸʲôӶĸôˣȺ飬һòӣʱˣÿ¹ʲ˵һ룬һǣ𣿡
ĸһеиˣôģ˵㲻϶ǵİɣ
˵ʦģһ¹򣬼Ļǧ͹ͦõġ
ոѹʱɢĸĵ˵еȥոձöˡ
ͱˡĸЦţԼȥڻУżһҲɡ
ĸЩϲĿǰˣҪ֪ں飬˳ǱҪײģ
̥ͦкôģ΢Լ
*
߿űҶϵĵ绰
˼ʵôĸʮˣܽ
ʵǮǰ뷨Ŭ׬Ǯìܶûˡ
һ㣬һԭΪܵĿ˵ľõʲô
ױ䣬˵ԭĸ۰ˣֻūʮ꣬ϰ߳ȻˣͻȻҲ˸Ȼˡ
ԭܵҲȡԽĸȻǸǣˣɲԼǮ
㰴ԭеδߡ
ܿԭĸ˸ӣҶ廹ôãΪչ˶壬Ϊ˸ӷܶһӺһӣԼһʲԭĸῪʼԭ
Ѽ٣ڸɴûǮȥ
Ҫ׬Ǯ
ȻԭеȻΧ£Ҫ׬죬˼һͨҸվҽ̷Ĺ
ʦһǳǰ;صĹҪҲܸߡ
ԭŴҪϿΣȥʦ˼Ҷ鷳ԭѧʱɼǳãĸպȫרҵһѧУҽȫû⡣
ȤĹϵһ飬ûõظ˳ŷɻƱԭǮòˣȻˡ
Ѷʮ־棺㲻ȥԼ֣
ЦЦ˵ûУףյĵطǾưɣҲϲ
ͬĵͷ˵ȥãֲ棬ҪǱ۸ˣ޶ûޡ
ŵСɫ棬һĸŮΨСԵģǶῴһЩ
ԡֻֿͣѾϵˡ
ظϢغ󣬶Է⣬ʾϣܾԿΣɹһڿٿ顣
ԭĴѧһ߳УۺܸߣԪһڿεļ۸Щͣǵһҽ̣ոպá
ͬˣڶȥԿΣһڿνҽ⹤ͱɹõˡ
Ŀα
һοΣÿڿΣֻҪпնԼʱ϶ٿΣ׬Ǯӳɼˣн𣬿ʱÿһᡣ
ǩͬĸ֪ܵʶĺô
ԿνһûϵԭҲˣԷòʲôǷְɡ
Ƿԣִֻ֣ܷ߷ߵͬ⣬ٹҵ绰ʱźݻΪȱŮѰ
ûһˡ
ڶͼһŮļǽ·
ԭѶһרҵģƽʱϿҲһȻʶ壬ʶ
̹ȻһЦǷˡ
ô
͵͵Ϣܾ˺ö࣡
Զԣǿ˺ܶ࣡
ǰĺ𣿿£
ʵͦõģ֮ǰ̫ˣоܱǣűߣίԼޱӣһͲٱ۸ˡ
Զԣ
Ѷݵ꣬һչļ򣺡ߣֺð֣ȥףһ£
˵ʲôͱߡ
˴֣ӱȽϳȵ̲ס
оá
*
ܿٽʮһ
򲻷ĵŮǻˣļҸĸִ˸绰׼ȥ˰ˡ
֪ЦŻأעⰲȫ
Ļġͷһ䣺ѧϰô
ͦõģȥû滮
һ˶飬滮ˣֲΣ˵ļҸĸʱѡ񣺡ģǸأúѧȹˡ
Ҷϵ绰ļҸĸˢˢ˿ĸŶӣǻҪð
ĸοûˣȶ캢ӾˣʱٲˣҲ˵ʲôǲ
ĸֻõͷֻǿΪոŮʻ飬ܾﲻԡ
ܿʮŵϡ
д£ĸҹȻ˯ѣ˸˯ˡ
ĸ˯ôԽ˯ţɴֻ
ʱŵĶ
ǼҵķǸϷӣ⣬ʱᷢ֨ĶĸһϽĸѣѣˣ
ĸһĨ˰ô£
˵ѹ¾ˡ
ĸҡҡͷ
ĸ´ŵĵſڣ׼š
žડһ£ĵƱ򿪣͸ŵĿ϶䵽
ļҸĸ㵵ĶһۣС͵ô󵨵ģ
ĸ˽еƤѸٻ˿ҪĿ궯֣ȴװ/۵ĹŮűӺˮ
Ŀԣһӡ
գۣʮ޹ѯʣ֣ûȥΰ
ŵ˯ĸԾϲ߳
һҲ¶˺ڵ͹Ķӡ
ɫ޹ˣ裬ҲûȥΰΪˣ
ļҸĸ


130  130 
ǧټŵ¾ôͻأı¶, ļҸĸʮ꣬ʮֲ֪롣
վڷſڣһվڿˮôվ˺üʮ롣
ջĸǰƱ, Щ˼££ͷ, ΢, ס͹ж, ˵ǰ, ͡Щ, Բȥ, 㲻˵𣿡
һЦǴ㲻, ˣѧУҲûʲôû˻Ʊ
һ, ĸЩɷ
ĸҪܶ, ǰͳ, Ͻ˯ɣҸ/Ϊǿˡ
ûĸĶ, һ޷һеС, ֱĿ, Ҫһش𣺡, , ڲżİɣ
ĸɫһ, ۰˶ʮŮ, ʹҲҪӣɲŮҪ
ӵļѣĸǳֱ׳ԣһʼʹҪ϶ģ֪Ҳûʲô⺢ӿ϶Ҫģܲˡ
Цʧ²豭ޱĿǣ裬ͲСˣ֪Ҫӣ趼ôͣҪӳʲô£ô죿
ޣĸϽһ·ܽߣЩ˵ʲô/أ
˵ĺһһ˳ƵġЦһ䣬ĸɫЩҲס
תĸ裬ľܺãҲ⣿
ĸĿŮһ˫峺۾üͷ΢ںӶѾˣ
Ǿʹڲĸ£ԶԶɵ˺ҪСöࡣ
ƨһĸܻ
ĸҲͬĿŶӣŮʱЩİ£Ȼֱ˵Ҫһӣ
̥ĸ£һˣ裬֪ҪӣһǸŮأֻӰ壬ٻԼҲãô죿Σǳɱӵģ
ĸ˵ɫףЩ²ǲֻ֪ǡ˶ҲԵģĻô׳£
ĸȫȥͺˣͽ裬Ҹ㣬϶Һ/Լ£ûϵ
ͬûϵ˵ԺôǻҳһǮ˵ھ¼ԺˣҾԲܣ
ĸû뵽˵õɴ۾ˣָ
ĬĬֻٸߣ¼չ¶ɣ°ɣ˵¼ˡ
вĸ˰죬ô֣㸸ĸ⺢Ҳ׵ãҪ治ܣѪ
ô˵ΪԺ⺢ҪҸ𣬵ǲҪͬ⣬ھͳǵĹǲǣʵ
ĸƤضԸش
ʹģûŮḺ𣬲һӣֲȫһ˸ܷѶǮ
ĸŮŵĳ棬սľæյôˣϢ˵𣿡
ĸԼֺһЦļһᣬЩ̡
һǶԭж໵ʱǶԭǺõģԭֲʯͷģܲݡ
ͷãȻط䡣
תݣĸֳ˳ɷ·
ĸһĸˣţǰŮȻӣ
ĸ˵δʱٴвʵɰ˵еȷʵˣĲ̹˵ҪǺӳ̫ô죿
ģĸնô˶˶̥кЩͱ㻹˼Ҷûأ
ĸֶ˶
ĸ˵ʱǲڼȥҽԺʲô⣬ֱӸˣð
˵öԡĸһЦװˡ
*
ĸĶԻҲһЩ
̾ϢεĿģǳɲˡ
⻨Ǯ˻Ʊϣܳ·ǳܴʹСȻ壬ɱҪܶࡣ
ӲһžȻ޷Ԥƣһӵĳδ滮Ҫеġ
һԭĸӾ壬Ҫԭ޸һͥģţܻñԭã
̥ƷĶۣ֪ԼļͥԸ
ĸԼ곤ʮ꣬ԼûǾѾˣͥǺܺãԼҲûиңܼѣԼʮʧȥĸ¶Ļϡ
ԭǸ׼ֱУЩֱаҪǼƻΪһŮ϶кЩܵã϶ǰʮǰ˳ġ
ڶ̥߿ţѾ¶Ҫˣʲôܵġ
Ǹӣ
ôѣǶˡ
˵ʱ
ûжӣǰһ̧ͷ
һҲ޷ӵĲҲҪֻһǮֻҪкĹʣϱ˺ӻȥϰ࣬˼һȫ⡣
ҪкȥһҲѿ飬ʡ㣬һܴʮ򣬵ȶӳˣպÿԸ׸
ĸΪӸʲôȵ⣬ĿǷΧڡ
ٸĸ̸̸ģһŬ֮ҪٲܣֻᾡһͨŮԸĸ
ڶϣΪ𴲵ʱѾʮӡ
ϴ꣬ĸͽ͵ϣкԡ
ĸѾȥϰˡ
Ĭĳţĸ㷲ǲǻ
ҡҡͷûУû
ĸ˿ǾͺáŮɫͣںӶѾˣͲҪ˵ЩɵôԺ׵ˣӦõġ
һϹȥˣ¶£ûҹŮ˵ҡ
ӶˣҪ᲻ãʹǰΪƻò򣬿ڲõЩ
裬ֵ֮ܽ以ӦõģҲиִ磬ȷֻǰģδý𣿡
ĸ˵ˣ˶ʮ꣬ɲǸӣ
ҲҪģҲԺҲԼĺӣ£ӣ˵ĸҪڣ̧ѹ£
ۼҲǺܺãûлλҪ̳УҪӣвֲʹӣܸģܣ
ɡܵҪӰĸƵΪ밡үүôҹɫ𣿻ٸӣ
ҲǺɫ
ĸոջŮ۵棬һ⻰ֿЦãүү̣
ҡҡͷǸӣˡ
ŮҪôѣǾͲŮˡ
ľŮˡ
裡һ
ĸڰ֣֪ӻҪģ˺Ҿˡ
˵Żصɳſӡ
ĬԶԣŵѹѵѹΥԼԸӣ
ǲͬô
йŮˡ̥ˣ϶Լȥ£ΪʲôҪǵɫȫˣҲ
Ի·޷㶮Ŭĳʳϴ룬ʰӲŻص䣬ûƱġ
֮ǰҽһݵķöԷѾˣ˵ú棬ǮѧУƱˡ
*
ĸŵӣعŮԷ뻹ûʰȥȴɸɾȥһ궼ϴˣҲϴˡ
϶ʱЦݣյŮ䡣
ŮӾ
˵Ķôģ鷢ǻʶãҪ⺢ˢϴ룿
ĸ̵Ļصɷ绰ոյ˵ˡ
;˵ҲˬЦˣޱŵ˵Ҿ˵˼ͣͳɣ˵ʦ׬Ҳ࣬Ժˣ᲻øǮܵã


131  131 
⼸Ʊ, ϴ򵽻Ϊǰ˿ʮ죬ʱõİΣ۸Ҳ
һλȥѧУĻƱȴûôˡ
ڼס졣
, ĸµûͬ²ǰ㿴ֲ˳, ͼϴ
, ϴһ¡
С, Լ˷, ϴ뵱ȻûʲôˬӦ, ʰ, õ, ˮͷϴ롣
¾װҪñˮⲽļЦø⣺ʱҵϰϰ, óˣصҾͰ, ð
֪ΪʲôŮӾ͵, أ
ϰడºȻĻء
ЦܻصҵϰࣿȻܿ£
µϴ룬·о
θ, 뿪, Ҫ, ǲܵ, һѾˡ
ɷ, ĸ൹Ц, ˵Ҳ, һСӡ
±ƵСӣҿǶҰˣĻˣͲô飡
˵໹ͦͬĵͷ˵˵ĵǣ㿴ǼңŮжûˣȥ򹤣ʶʮˣʵʵ׽飬ǰ˶̥ʹһ꣡ӴɰĽӴ
ŮҲһӻӾڵĹŮɲǣֵŮҲڼ˸˼ңȻԷʹ˵㣬Ǯܵ˷ӣҪһ̥Ǹкָܵ򷿣ǿϵġ
˵ǡֳ˼ҵĹŮô̥ȻҪ
ǹŮ˵Ļ
ӳ⻰ĵ˵öԣȷʵܣʦһҪû׼һҪ죬ܵӣҲƱһǧҲڳʮæ׸ԺϵǮһǣҲÿһô
ɫֱˣʲô˼ҪУҺô죿ϲ𣿻ÿô
Ҳˣû뵽Ů飬ô
ֻɷ˵ˣȱ졣
ǲǺúõ𣿲ʮ꣬Ҫ̥ôͿʼδˣҾҲʱ䣬ɱһӣҪɵö࣡
һ죬һʱҭ
ȴܵãʲôбһɵöࣿ˵ô󣬾͵رˣ⵹ãȾͽ˵ʲôöģ
ɷ̫ãŮ淴˵öԣĶãǶûҪ㶼һѧȥҹأ϶ҲûǮа
ǲȻһЦᣬȴ͸¶żĮǷģҪУԼ
಻˵ˣüͷǲ⣬µҲǡ
ʱʹ˸ɫµߵıԹûֱ˵
ע⵽ˣᣬżĵĮȻطˡ
ܿ췿Źϣ²˵ﲻ˵
Ȼ˵鲻ҪǸǮɸʱô˵ʱ򹤶׬üˣҪû϶ˣ϶ѹһӱô˷ʱ䣿
Щĵͺûˣ
ˡɻﲻˣǶôˣǰҲ˵Ķۣô϶Ҫˣ
ѹŮˣҪԺ治ۣ
ң
ûԼ׵ﶼⲻǺ𣿡
²˵ˣǲŹŮĲǡ
*
Ȼ᲻ǣԭʮ꣬иѪʵʵڵģֻжθͳԶٵķҪԭһԼǰ;ֻΪһǵܵܣǲܵġ
˵˵ˣҪôԼ£ϾǵģѣҲԼѡ
죬һƱʮĺŵĵ죬ˣһ֮ǰĻ
һ˸ԭʮ·ݵѣҲûҪ
Ͽεļҳ˵ˣʮٻʣµļ죬ȫ첹ϰճ
ǮҲȥ
ĺ˯ˣֻйŮϢ֪ŮѾѧУˣͷʧˡ
ò˵ȷʵΪĺӣŮ
仳УиַӦ󲿷ʱ䶼ǿӻ߻ط˯ҲûһŮ꺮ů
˼˴˸绰ŮǱȻ䵭ǹɵЩζڱͶƸУ˸Ļ˸Ȧ
ܿһЩѷ׷ԣио鲻õɺֱӴ绰
㽫Ůе̬ȸԷ˵ˣȰŻҪϽҪӣϴҲˣܰæġ
Էô԰
ͷǰЩˣ϶ҪȵùڲˣﰡĲ
ɺЦ㻳ˣô죿ͳ˰
⺢Ӿ¡ҡͷ⻰ɷ˵һֲûŮ̬Ⱦô䲻ȵġ
ɺοģǱŤģ϶Ͷˡ
̾Ϣ֪Ҳûʲô취͹˵绰
Ȼ»ûŮѣһԴϽǮȥ
ȴ˺ð죬ԷҲûգӲ
»˵£кԹ㣬֮ǰ˵˵ôأڲˣ
ЦˣȾƵľƱˣ飡ϣһʶŶӣʲô
ɫڨڨϽɫûʲô²˵ߵģԽԽˣǮҪǾͱԼˣٸ
Щɣðɣ
ʲôã·ʵľŮ̫˽ҪɱɱУûǮʲôУ
Ȼڼ˵һʵϼʲô¶ɷ˼ֳĬˡ
ͬʱţҪǰ֪֪﹩ѣҪſУҲǺ¡
ǵȶʮСʱת˵Ǯûнܣ˻ûǮ¡
пҲ绰
ĸŮ¾õ˵仰ȻԺܻ˵һ佨ӣͲŮ绰ˡ
ȵִЩˣʱҲʮһ£ȻɷѯʣûҪǮ
ҲҡҡͷƵûаûҪ
ûУ࿪ʼżˣ˵զ£ѧУ˰ɣ
۰˶ĺӣЩڣĸ绰
ѧУôʡ
Цеͦõѽôˣ
˵˼Բ̫ã¶ǸǮˣôҪ
죬ûаԹû°ԼְѿԼ㶨ˣǶҪ϶ˣǲӣ͸Ǽһ㸺
绰ڿʮļҸĸһʱԡ
ֲþĸоԽŨˡ
ΨһŮķӣòˣ


132  132 
˵ҪѾͲҪѵ̬ļҸĸ̬ȶ˱仯
תֱ, ԭŮ֪һ¶죬֪ô졣
²۶֪˵ŮԼԼ, Ǹ˵Ů̫, ܾԺ϶, ҪԼģ
޷, Ǿͻᡣ
ϵŮ, ҪάϵãܹûҵͶС, ԺɾͿ϶򵥡
ȻɲʧȥŮ
һʱϵƵһ㡣
һ, Ϊͦæ, ҪѣͶܿᣬ֮ԵĸҲ١
һҪԭĲߣ֮ˣƽʱϰȻôô
Ϊý̵ĺӽ, Ҫ, ͺҪѧϰĿγ̽ȡصȵ, ൱ѧһΡ
ԭʦרҵѧϰݣɲС
˳ִ󷽣δ
Ϊº, ӵĳɼԽ, ҳܸ, С, һ𲹿Σ롣
˳պ·ϣʱӵԭĸĵ绰ҴҹҶϣһ
ʱúܿ죬һѧڽ
ʮһͬԪҲûȥӲϰ
ȵѧڽǰ죬պҲʱ
ʮͷʱԺҲԤ֮ǰһͻȻͷˡ
ʰ˶ѧУϻʱһͰͺͮͮĺѾ졣
ŮٿСӣ¶ҸЦݣ쿴ܵܣ
ƳۣպС겻ӵ±Ųɤӿޣۡɤţüתֿࣺ岻̫ãϢ˵ˡ
һߵͷתͷͶ˵ôӶˣң
ⲻ̫û𣿡¸ЦϽӵݹȥ
ʸ˿ڻۣһѪɫԽˣһ۰ıŻĺӡ
Ҳ۶ӣӲˣٺһЦӴôˣһֱֵǰ̧ͷڿжˣ
ҡҡͷŮ˰ǿµķ
Ϊ˶ӣʹо
ĬĬ˳ײϢϹļһݡ
һֱеܵˣ𣿡
̵ˡ
һϲɫЦݽס⺢ӣῪЦв˵ģʮأֲ衣
һЦҪڸܵܣ˲
˵ˣ趼ʮˣ̥ˣ˦֣
ˣˬ뿪ֻΪ˿һ࣬϶֮ǰԭ۰гҪжҲҪÿ˵ʲô̶ȣø
ڵܵܡ
*
ֹһ̧ͷŮˣЩʧ䣬ű۲ĶӶû֮ǰôˡ
ոŮֻƳһۣĲϲӣ
ɺӶˣôأ
ôպϹ¡
˶ӣæµһΨһоοÿϣŮˮˮȡ
ζһ㣬ŮСҲûһѾͦˡ
ӣѪ̨ϣҺûˣҲԪˣҪסԺٰ£ƽʱԵҲܺãÿ춼ˮȣԭ˵Ѿ壬תˡ
ŮҲ͸ˮ˾ߣͷβһµܵܡ
˵ŮҲƲһۣҽ뿪
Ȼؼˣ쿴ţҾͲϲܵܣҶӶɰ±Ŷ̵
ǳҲ⻰ЦˣֵĿһۣ˵ɡ
ǣ
ɷСֹһ࿴ͷһͣɻǿƲסĵѣ֮ǰ˵ҪӣǸˣԺеæģ뷿Ҫİɣ
ŮûӲҪзУɶûӸȢϱ
ļͥôҲʹ˶ʮһΣգҽԺͻ˲٣ҽԱܶ࣬ĲڱϣÿĲ٣
֮·̷ֽۡ㶼ҪǮĴͷ˵СҪԤ룬ҲҪǮ
壬ԭƻ˺Ӿͳȥùչˣǲˡ
һϵеǰΪĸ׵òȥӵδ
ҿϴڲҪǲˣȻ÷
˷ϲ¾ˬһڴӦһһȺˣҾȥϸɻʱǮĻǶӴţ˵̵Ĺȥ¶ӣӣڸܶӣ㳤˿ҪТӰ
ССʲôҲֻ˺ˣһ
۶ӣĶͷȥɷ
ЦĽţûУΪһ³˿ڣֱ飡
ֹ˼죬õúܿ죬ҽȷԻؼ󣬾ǰԺˡ
һӵ¸ĸĵĹæһűӣһûֻСΣǰܺæԺӻؼҡ
һûŮʰģ⼸춼ûôڼŵ̲ס䣺˵Űﶼˣ֪ɻ
ҲʰʰӴ⻹֮ǰԷ룬ҿǶ죬Ȼˡ
û³ɤӺһ
ﻹû
һ·嶼Ҳû˼˵صɺˣӱڻ͵Լʰ¡
²Ը⣺Ůӣ¿϶ûȻԺȥżұ˼ġ˵ķš
ȴյģһ㲻ס˵ġ
סѸࣺܳûסզ£
£֪
һԹһʰû绰ʰһСҼҵģססİ
Ǹĸкͬ˰ɣ
ɫ΢䣬Ͻ绰ʡ
绰ͨǱŮͦ˵ģҽԺ
üǻˣôڼңסڼﲻ
ЦûаҲסڸ˸סôˣ
绰СֻʣСҼҵģⷿӸǮûػ
һ䣬˺ӣүү̲ùչˣ˵סģǰڳλòͦõ𣿡
ôֱ׳˵˯ɳǿԵģ
˯𣿸Ҫ˯ɳƵ
±ˣǲҪǮ
ֲ㸶Ǯ׬ǮΪõ㣬ⶼǻǱ׬Ǯˣ͹ˡЦǱ߻Ҫ˵ȴˣֱӹˡ
Ǳĵֻ
ɷֻϽ˵ˣ˵öԣֲҪ㸶Ǯô
²ĵС˵Ǯ϶̷ۣ㲻̲𣿡
˼һɷ˵еֻ־ﲻԡ
*
Сʱ
Ͳ»ⷿӵ£Ҳ֪ŮųӣˣںøĸԼҲŵ绰Ҫš
ʱŵСӤûᣬڴϾͿʼޡ
ٳţܵܵ㣬³ȥһˡ
Ŷ£ǸСӤ
ںӣһֻΪ˱ŮӣŮҲϲӣǮͲ˷ˡ
ߵʱ򣬻װʲôöһۡ
ԼҶӡۡޣŮԱ߿ţһ
ʱٴܻ㿴ӣ˵ڸ
ãȻӰȻأ
ºûڿ𣿡
ɫҼˣһûûΨһǱϰҪ˱
ͱһ°զˣ֣·̵
ҡͷҾþ͸ףûʱʱ̱̿ѧˣͲˡ
£
𾪵ĿŮôóۣ
ĸͣ岻ãүүҲˣ˶ãϾҪȥ򹤣ˣҹҲҪȥأҲУԻްɣϰ˲ţͻˣ˭ۼûרſӵıķء
£
ҪǮ뱣ķڳԶŴô


133  133 
, û취뱣ķû취ĸĸʱһչˣΪʲôҪأ
Ȼˣ͵Լȫеһӵĺ
ԭ, ⼸ǰﲻʲôæ, Ҳһ, ôҡ
, , Ҳֱͣˡ
ԼӺ, ˦ˣԼȴֻܱſֵĺӺš
ʱһ绰, ˵˭˭˭Ů, Ⱦơ
¾ֹȥɻķȥˡ
ĲС
ļүү̻û˻廹û׺ãûչˡ
½һҲûҵ취, ֻõ, Ҳȥ, ȥ
զզˣͲȥˣ绰Ǳֵʮֲ⡣
ֱͦ˵أӸиӣɲñţӾҪȥɻ, øϽ׽һ, ´λˡ
, ӣ
ɰĽ, ҾһҼϱ
ôͻиӣ԰
绰Ǳ߼ֵܴһĽ֮飬иеĿɬʱʧֻĵĻϲ
ǰ
Ⱑ
жˣ
˵㣬ֵãļкˣ
˵ľûʧۡһͷƤĸϽ̬ڣզˣ
ʱӳ飬ŵһɳζ
ˣĽӴ䴦һֽõһյĴֶˣľ֣̽ޣһֽСһ٣ôûˣ
ȻСӲشֽʱһ衣
ˣ
һµֽˣ
ˣֱĶӣ޲һĹȥ᲻á
˶ĶӰ
ָϽȥһֽ㣬ӻϣʱӵȶñòˣһ亹Ѹٽ͵ߣ㿴һϢ¡
࿴ҲۣŶĿҪȥ岻ãˣ˾͸ˡ
˿뿪䣬棬ڴϢ
һļүү̻ˡ
ŴСĲˣ˸һ̤ţȲѯʣˣǸոճȥãǸ¾ư
¾ƣ⼸æˣ»ûǵһͷˮ
үүզˣ㲻᲻ҹӰ¾ưɣ
Ȼǣ·ɿҡͷģȥʱ䣬ĸʣ
úã㡭
*
˭֪¾֮ǰӾͲˡ
ظðյޣҹ¸ȥҽԺЬӶˣµˣ˵Ǻû⣬һûµӤճҲǸС£ֱסԺˡ
ẓ֪̇Ϊ¸ӻֽƬʱͶϻˣĲá
ƫƫԼûãֻԶ̴绰˽
ģʮͬ顣
̫ˡ
ǺαҪôأ
Ҳ̲סһ䣺裬㿴˵ûɣӶС£Ǵ¡
ɫ̫õķЩ̫õ˵Ӷ˵ЩʲôãѲضȥ
ȻǡҡͷˣǾ͵Ϊ𡣡
ûʱǾһˣһܵܣΪĸһҪģ
ɫˣŶӣ˿ڻۣȷʵЩڡ
Ӻ̫һˡ
ϴʮͷǸʱЩˣôǽоԭ
ЩԲů¾кӣ
ʮŵ壬ӡ
Ǹʱ˳˵ڶ´ԼԼȻϲŮɷҪϰ࣬ǻǻæġ
ٺŮˣˣԼѧϰҲɡ
һͷʼŲһ£ͷƤ顣
ǡҲԽԽˡ
ͬĿһۣȥϴˣ˳ֽǵ·ϴ»˻ϴ
ٽߣϼš
ΪһƶĻϴѧŮľЩˡ
ںʱ䣬˼˵ԭ׼Ķ챦ϲ˼Сĳɹ
Ȼ¶ʮģļ˸ٰ¾ơ
廹δȫҲǿųϯȫףأֵģø£һ
ȻӺѣʹȷʵЩԲ
жˣ
ҲģȻαسϯ
뵱ֻһŮ֪˼ӣûк
ڿüˡ
ӣһ¾ƣЩͬ͵Ů˶Χ̽־飬Ҫ̽һԼܲҲһ
ڵȻԣ㿴ұ㻹ꡣ
ǰⲻ𣿱ϾӳµҲ١Ů˳ɡ
ҪȰ˵·˵裬еڲѪʱʲô᲻һҪи裿ԼĶӶûȢϱǡ
ࣺ
˵ĴŮǣ
ˢˢһ£˿ڷ硣
ŮһۣڨЦŽͣȷʵеΣգΪǰˣҪһסҽԺȥͲˡ
ˣˣҼתͷ˸ŮŰҶӹŮŮ˰ڰ֣Щźķˡ
˵˸Щȣһˮ侲ˡ
Ѿͷ˵̫¡
仳Σ̫ˣˣ޶ûȥ
*
ɹֹһı磬Ϊڰźõλá
ΪʮС¾²ģҲܾģһͨһ
Լͨݣ˲ţͬһݱ̲ס˵ô˵ܵܣǲǾͲôϲˣǸϲܵ˰ɣ
ܶ˶ϲ˵ûģֻϻɵĺȴǳء
Ǹĸƫĵ
⻰ͺܵĵͷѽǲôϲˣϾܵǻиλҪк̳ء
ʻɵˣһʱ֪ôش𣬶Ŀ
գۣ˿ˮûбúȣֿʼԲˣ·˵ôֱ׻˲
ݸЦܾӲһֲʵҲǣܵС˵㣬Ҳ˶ʮĳ谮˲𣿡
԰ǳЦŵͷʮͬѾҪĸˣøɣҲܸʮ꣬ʮҰʮ꣬еܵġ
ͬݣ
ˣ
һ俴赭дʵÿһ䶼ϣúõشϲ£뵽ʮһ¸˲
ԭĹùøպðæд˹ͣȱˮ⻰Цʲôǻ𣿡
Цеʮ꣬Ҷʮˣʮа/Լкӣ˵ǹŵܵأǹҶӣ
ʶܵܵȻҲùš
е֣һڴãҰҲܵܣҪʾϾһ̥Ҳѣżˡ
ã
һϽһҪȥ־ƣԹ
ٲҵ٩ʵʵĻҳ
⺢ӣ̫ˣƤҲ񣬸ߣ


134  134 
¾ƺǹꡣ
ûȥ, ļ껹ǹķǳϲã˵㣬Ӷ~С̫ˣ
ʮͷ, ͷ, ֪ļүүʮҡ
͵, ҪǴǮ˼ҵˣܻᱻӪʦ彡׳ļ£嶼иë
߻ߵúݣû, 浽ʱ˸, ϾһһȥҽԺˡ
һ, һ̫ˡ
໹û׳ӣ͵ʱʱӣȹ̴, ͳ׿ʼԼӡ
ɷҲܰˡ
ΪҪȢϱĲͷ׸, ˸۵ǮĹصС, һʱ, ٵʱҲ٣ŬŬѧһ, ܵСͷͷ͸ˡ
ҲһЩĹ׬ö࣬Χûۣ뿪, Ҳ͸ûʱչˡ
һʼŮչԼһ, ѧ, Ҳѧܶ໺һ
˭֪Ů˵˲ܾܵĲܡ
æһ£һֱţι޵࣬Ҳæڸͱֻ˵׬Ǯְϸ˽Ŀ̫æˣûʱ
Ҫæһ۵ܲˣֻط
Ȼ뿴ŻŮǮҲţòĶϱĻˡ
Ĳݣ¶ӱǴţˤ˾Ϳˡ
ֻҧԼ
ʹĪʹˣˮ֮࣬ǰ̫żûˣȺҽҲû١
ǾʹҪι̵Լ̷ۡ
ǮãСӤÿҽ˵ιΡ
ֱ̿ڴιû̾͵̶죬ûûҹչ˺ӣżϢҲСʱ
һʼɷһŮζӿֲԸⱧҲ̲סŮһš
ǿްɣſžͻϰߣͻ֪û˱
ȻúӿҲһ׵£ȵۣλҪħԣһʶʼˡ
ˮʱľͲһĸˣͷң۾ΧһȦɫƤƣɫ԰ףȴֺġ
̫ˣ
裬ķɡ˵һ
ԭȻʱŮɣҲŹߣͷƯľϰżٵʱͻٻױͿĨں죬ͦܵġ
ڼҲ룬·ܺ
Ϊ˶ӣױ磬˼¾ܿԣ̫ˣ
뱣ķҪǮŮʮСƤ𪣬ͷ룬һ˫۾͸ݰףžûյӣģŲ֪ҰһæûôĹŮ
ЦҪǮҲܱҪң裬ҿæˣϾڲѣѧѿҲǲģҵȻԼ׬ǮˣҪǮҸӣҲһ٣ô
ˣ֮ǰЩǹŮûʱ飬˶ӣΪӴ㡣
ŮѧѺüǧټѣһѧ˵һ壬ɸҪԼ㶨ٺò
Լ
˵ˣЦݸھܲˣԺ󲻵øѣҺԭȥһ߳еĴѧȻѧƶҪš
*
ϱССⱲСйļ϶ҡţЩԸüͷţ﷢ߺߡĶ
ûǰ캢ӶǺޣĥѾСˣûͲޡ
ǸӤҲ֪ġ
ԹԵĶţ̵̫ģ£ŮȻζǺܺã壬ܺȥ
Ըооˣǹֵ˼ʹٲˣÿŮˡ
꣬ʰ룬裬ҶƱѧУʱͲˡ
һƱۼˣҲСʱôƱˣǮ˲֪ң
ɻֻҪСʱ̹
ԺӶȥڳԵôˣ˵ҲĸСʱ𣬿ȥС
ҵҵùͻϰһóԸĿ࣬㸣ôˣ
ûôƱ磬ס
Ҳڼͷβûһ׵ܵܣͳˡ
࿴Ůͷġ
̲סɷ˸绰
ʱ䣬Ƶ绰ȥº˳ĽˣֻԱѹۺˣɶ£
û¾Ͳܴ绰㣿෴һ䣬żֽ
ȻϷޣ֮ǰౣûԣûʱҲụයŪ䣬Ȥ
ھͷĺˮһ۾ٿһ۾ͷӵӣøһ¡
⿿һ߸ǣĨźԭЩƤ̶Ķ̫ۿɼĺˣƣǣҾţɶ¿˵
Щ̬ȣۣҲϣŮΪ˵ˣԹ˵ҿʯĳҴӣ˵һ٣
٣ôȥֱһЩשÿ춼ֻ٣
ྪ㲻˵һ𣿡
һ˵֮ǰϢ̫ˣϲϱˣֻ٣ȹˣǮͶˡ
˭뵽һͻиأ
֮ǰùҹûӵ£ĺˣ֪Ӧ׬Ǯġ
ǳ⣬ο䣬Ҳ˵ҲϢ̫ˣԱ̫ˣٴӣ;۵ûţҪҪúãڶܰæ
Ҳ̫ˣǸĸֲ˵ֻܰο
˵˻ֽƵŶӡ
ſڿӺðˣΪ˶ӳܽȢϱܼŬ
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ļҸĸж־֪ܺԵĸо˶ԴĲ
ǾǸٵϵˡ
֮ǰУ໹ǻϵģһҲΡ
һǸɴûϵںΪˡ
صѧУָֻϢæµֳʵ
ѧ˵öһ׵£ֻҪǮ֮ȴΪһ㣬˶١
ע⵽ۺˣǰӵҪĿΣص㣬æʱæʱϢ
ȿѧһ£ѧѺЩȱǮѹȥһ١
ѹϵѧУӷɣûлʱ侫档
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Ȼҡͷѧڵѧѻ㣬ȥֵûǮˡ
û绰ˡ
һֱһβ»صһļҡ
ĸһĹϴ֮ǰеСӲˣ˾࣬ʮ꣬ȴʮֱ
ʱսһϵĺԼʮϵѣϻ㵥аҪҵ
ʱ䣬һµӡ
ԭǵúһļҵˣһ׵ܣĸףүү̣̱˵ĸĸ޷ѧجΡ
ֹһѷһµúúõأĶʮТϰ֡


135  135 
һ, ֮ǰ϶ģһо, , ֮˾͵, ֮󣬾Ͳٷˡ
˵±Т˳ŮһȵһĶӣ޷źǱܹȥˡ
緹Բˡ
Ҫ׵, ҪŮΪ϶Ҫıɱ, һ, Чǿ
ЦˣôܣֲƸԼ̳Уıɱ
£
ҲûŮƽϡ
һʱ, Ӱ첻, Щ, ȥҵ, һûֹ
ֻǵ³ȥ˵㶫Ϳֱһ깷, ΢УҲźۼĹ۲
ŶԣӶʮ־ƿǰƯŮӶµġ
Ǹȸߡ硢챧ԹҸĽ㣿
ôܣ
ʱȻôƯ
Ҳѹ, ҪôƯ, ŶʮǰͦǮĽ, ôȢأ
ⲻǿЦô
Լ߱Էע⵽˺־ƻæƿĿ⣬һ¶ĺӣеߡ
ֻᱻСӤУĥķɻѾǳ˵־УֻǷɻˡ
˼񣬲ô˯һʹӶʮ
صСʱճ
û뵽ڽ֮ǰ˶ʮ껹ͦ躰־Ȼǹ
Ѫ
֪ǲԭƺЩһСĸ׵塣
ԼǵúСʱĸ׾һͷ׷۵ֱ˵ˣ˶ûãӾֱڿŻ԰
ֻǸһĺӣ֪Ϣࡣ
СʱľǱĸױţֻֻ̣߳˯ôҸ׳ȴ
־һ㲻صҪȥһ׸ŪˣϱҲˣص·ܶӡ
ֻ֮ǰѾ˯ˣɲô˯زȥˣЩţֱ㣬ֲгĸоŨˡ
̫Ծˣ
ʱӲҪȥҿܵܣ
áͷ
־Ʊʶ첲СʱǱ㱧ųģĸܱүүҲˣɱСܱţҲҪǽС
ֻǺˣ˵żҵĶңƷʲôģͲˡ
ƯǺԸġ
û뵽ֻƳһۣȻͷֻ
־ƣ
ˣ
û뵽µĽôŲ
־ѵ
ƮƮһۣſڵϣֻ
־ˣ뱻ųȥ羰أһ/û
һӲ־
æһ£ôˣǲˣ
ȴûûɻ
־ָߵļȻ֡
ʧЦ˱ӣȴûֻģˣԼ棬˵Ӵ״ˣûǲǣ
־Ƶͷ
һĺӣѾܶ໰ˡ
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Ҳϣٷ£Ҳܰڳ̬ȻΪҾ͸öơ
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ע⵽񣬶࿴ۣҲڿطˣүүǰˣŮӹȥչˣ
䱻סˣǲϲԭүүǸ̹ӻһζֻݵϢһ¡
ţһί̾Ϣüͷš
ܲԾ
һӵġ
Ҫ̬ȹɿδǸԭĹˣ
/䣬ûЦ
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Įһ޹СĸľһʵЩ̫ãһ־Ҫǻص壬һûнǶôáɡ
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ԿԼΪʲôǵü޸곤ôĽӣҪŹĨǵ
ÿ궼µӣᱻӵȻŽĹŶָɣͲԸȥˣý㽫ԵĺȵĶ͵ǰ
һȫǸ޷վ
־Ʒǳģǵĳܹ
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㰡˵һ䣬ҲûзԣҲϲŮֻܲܲҪŮ֮ǰĶʮѪǰ׷ˣ
㿴Źȥ
֣־ЦһӦ£úãȥɡ
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һϴʱ䣬Ӷ˽۰һ磬Ͳ붯ɶӻȡ
ͣ½ŲֹȥҪȥѧϰģڿһڿһ٣ʮӣҸһڿΣһپͺá
ЦʧĿ
Ǯ
ûҪǮǲˣ
ǼҵĽ̽޿ɱȱ˼ҵĸһ㣬˼ҵҪ̷ۺֽƬǼҵÿ¶ҪȥһҽԺ
ĺӣĸֶǸ䣬ҪãǼҲʲôõģṩôõپģҲʱ򣬺ӿȥҽԺǴ󼸰٣һǧ׬ĶѪǮ᲻øһپͻʮӰ
ˣջ֣ЦеǮͱ׬Ǯ
˵ųȥ
ܳŹϵһ˲䣬ֱһ͵ҹȥˣȻľôˣ
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ǰҲ̫ˣҲİɣ
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ӦûֻΪĲԭһģһ磬仯ƽ磿
Һиõİְ֣


136  136 
ֻȴ־ĲЩ
ԭΪ, Ӧܽúܺãʵ뵱ͷҲ˼ԸԸ
̫ˡ
ԭͲרҵ, Ҳûѧ, ֻǵСһ, ټһЩ֣뼱Ҫ׬һ㡣
һðĺǳһʵ
ѽӻò׽ӵһæ, գȴǲϸ, ֻ˶, ʣĸҪмݵĹϵڣҪϷѡ
ҵʧܵھһʱĵ͹ں, ִͷɥĻص, ׬Ǯ˳ѧϰ
ͷЦӴ, ôֻˣΪҲȥϰ, ŻԸ㻥ͨһ¿ͻ
¿ЦȤˣ֮ǰҲ֪ߵغ, ˭֪ôӡ
̫˵㡣
¸֮ǰͦõģ¸֮󣬵ùҹӣѾӶ˺ܶ, Ҳ, ѧϰ½ˡ
ܶණǿѧġ
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ϴ඼ʮˣһʶ֪Щ˼ﶼиҪȢϱĶӡ
ֻһŮմմϲҲ׼С
־ƵϰΪײ͸Ϊ׬Ǯ𣿾ͬһĽ㣬͸
2020굽ʱǼ꣬Ϣ»ˣʱһûĽȴû־ƱЩˡ
ǰռ䣬Ȼ2020ǽ˵Ӱ
һĲ޸һĽˣ
־Ʋ˵ЩֻǱǵĵȴǲźۼһ㣡
Сֲ֧ҼҺƺˣ
Ȼһϲĸ˵ƺƶûΣȻǵã϶ǸСţ
Ҳܸˣͬʱⶼˣһôû
һ绰ȥĸˣٶô绰ˡ
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ЦʧһЩ˵绰ʣˣȻûˡ
Ӧ£绰Ů绰ͨʣô
裬һҾͲˣҴˣҪʵϰǰҵ˵ط
಻õܲ
ҴˣҪУ裬Ҫǻˣܶ׬Ǯеѧô죿ǿɲڱƼǧķôˣ
ڻһ绰ŮŮ˵ĶǴӵ£˺Ӻ绰ȥ˵ֶǮ⣬飬Ҳ̲סǮǮͼǮҿǵǮȥˣ
ԭ˵һбôôԶԷ˱ˣ˵
裡ҪǮҵѧô죿ѵİţÿ¶ǮҵİҵܵǮкѧѶңô죿ҪΪǹ˵뷨͸˷ʱ䣬ȵ֮ʳ裬˵Ҹôѡ
౻˵ֱŭˢˢӿͷܵ˵˵ȥ㻹ڹ˶̥
ʵҲ̥ƽ
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ŮҲĻŵģֻ֪ôǮ᲻ã̫ǮˣɷһʮǮٶȴΪΪӺԼˡ
û뵽Ů˵Լ
̥Ȼû⣬˵ģǵɣԴˣŮʱ沨ӲΪ/ķӣжˣͿʼƴܶĮҵôңҵȻô㣬Ҫǹ꣬㻹벻иŮɣ
һλ˵ɫѣίܵûӽôȢϱ
˵ûӣҲˡ
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ˣһʲƵĲŮô㣬Ȣ˿϶
ʱ׸û׼ˡ
δŮ϶ʱ΢һɣ
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۰
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ûﶯܳһ
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˻һܣ㲻Ҿ͸㣡
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־һҪһʱøĸٽôֻȥˣ
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˵ͳ仰ԺĺһøգҾΪ˼ҵģ
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ЦˣҿˣԺ˾֪ˣգ
ʼ磺Ҫҵ˲Ը⺢ӸգҾͻԸ˰ܼ򵥵~ǰ֣˵ãȻ㻹ԴӺŮһϸҺ͹ıһֲ࣡ȻҪıԺ㣬˵壬һǲġ
ңżĺ
ͿҸҲң仰ҵ绰
ٴҶϣ˳ֽ˵ĺ붼ˡ
̹
Ǳߣ˵绰»ͷϣָϽȥҪŮһ٣ȴŴβͨԼں󣬺ν棬һˣҲֻǧģֱڵТŮ
ֻڵשϷĶڰķ־ĸһɵˣûҶ
绰Ǳ˵ʲô


137  137 
֮, ļҸĸûϵˡ
ҲѧУУԭǸܴĹڸĸٹѧϰҲǽԴرõ, ƾԼŬѧʦõרҵѧУ
ҲŹ츳, ѧżһ˳ԱȫҲ
ĸ
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ǻͦ
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˿еķ, ȱǮһЩУⷿӣѧϰҲӺˡ
һû뾡취׬Ǯ෴֮ǰ
Ǯþͺãסͺãʣµʱ䣬˵ҽ̺ѧ, ʵܿճ, ȥϷϷ¾۲̸͡
, ÿƺǺܺõ顣
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ҲЦˣֵҾõúúҪģϾ˻һҲϣ˿Ժ󣬻ֻзæĹ׬Ǯ
ԭһûúܣܣҲǰʮ꣬ǶʮòѧУĶ͸ˡ
ǰ㾳أҲΪû˸˵ô
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ĨϢǰʱ䣬ΪµĻҲɬɬ˺þá
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Щְֻ࣬ҽ̣ЩԲֻܴȥصʽϡ
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ÿ»ר˳ԵıƷϵķǧңĸϡ
ֻǴͷβжûܵܡ
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˸ǿƵĹŮֻš
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ҧһ˵˵ãܵҪѧ٣һ´ǧķãڼͿ׬Ǯ㵽ǽ㣬˵ܣˣÿ¸ǧô
֪ǧ̫ˣһ㹤Ҳǧ顣
ЦҼǵ֮ǰжʮĴټϰÿʮ룬ӻ
ҪӵǮ෴
ҲܸԼӵǮˡ˳Ļ˵
ĿڣʮˣԼĲãŮ˵һͻһͻۣ򷿣ŮҪԼ򷿣ǲ˼һŮҪʲôӣ
ֻ⻰˵̫ΣŮֻͣܺҪ֪ɰܲܲܰɣҲҪģһһǧô
ЦǻҪʱ򣬱ϾôãΪӷܶʮأΣûǮ׬ǮˣǮҲ࣬ÿ¶¹⣬ܾòã裬ԼŬѽϾƴ/~
ࣺ
ίˣ̲סôŬҺֶʮˣ
Ǿͱѧգûͣô෹СĳŻˣ
һ죬ıԹ˵ȥˣͷġ


138  138 
⻰˵, ĺ
ըˡ
˵͹˵绰ûȥ
ؼ˵ʲô, Ϊһ, ǱǿĴ۾ʹۣҲЦӦ£˵ͬ, Ǿȥ, ԿΣҪǿ, Ǿͳѧ
־ƺܸ, ѧ, ҲĽˣ
Ŀĳһº
ѧٺÿøӰ
ؼһܼ򵥵, Ҫϰþ, ߶Ǹס, ˻꣬һҪʦ
Ҹٻи׺ͼף߼򵥣ƫƫʦҪǰͺˡ
־ƿɲʲôĺõģⱲѧϰãռıһʵʵǸѧ, һϷѧ
ѧ, ѧƲסҪС
, ־ƾÿԼʺϸ٣ɽɣһֱš
һʼԸ⣬ɶŲȥϿΣֻܹȥܲѧѡ
ֻǮˣҪ˾Ͳôף˵˵һ֣ǿһǧࡣ
ôǮһ»ʳˣ
ûã־ҲԸѧˣȸٻҪٵˣΪۣ
һؿԣؾͲˣཫ¸˵ˣֱƵͽӽѵһ٣ٻˡ
־ֻҧ
ԴˣسĿֻҪ˵öôãҲûУϾ̫ˣۣܲϿ͵˽ǴӲϰ
æŹһΪʱ־ƿѧϰգڵóӶˡ
ѧϰ˲գҲкôģһֺô
ʮϣһ˵Ŀ佱˴ôѧϰڰ༶ǰé衣
˿ļҸĸиˡ
ֵͶϲ£ˣƽʱٶʹ࣬·ɢˡ
ʱøһ䣺ˣôѾͷоþûˡ
Цͣæûʱ
õæܵʮҲû
Ҳˣʵںü֮ǰ͸Ů˵£ֻŮ˵æһͺüٿ飬Ҫ£٣ܾܵͲˣⲻΡ
⻰˵ģĺˣ
ֻû˿Ա´绰ȥҪˣٴΰˣûſء
ڿˣĻ˭ϡҲָ
ɲ˵ģŮҡҡͷͬ˵绰٣򣡡
־Ѿʮˣܶ¶Ȩ֪һܴǿӲô˵ڶǴʦʦˣͦ㴦ùϵġ
֪֪134
ֻ˺롣
һ绰ͨã
ãЦӯӯ۾㿪ΧһȦ˶Ŵк
ҲЦŶһһк
кÿ־ƣ𱸵⺢ӣܵʮ綼ôҪ𣿡
ݼлҳֻЩϲվ˵۵ûٺøУȻҲûУرϲǰ˵滰Ц˵ð˵ģȻҪˣҴͲǮѧѶûУҪǹ׬ǮڶѧˣܵܵʲôҲμ˻õǮ
Ů͸ֻΪø绰ΧʶʱôһһɫŹֵĿ¡
ںˣ£ʲô˼ͲãԼ㶨ЩҼҪǮ
Ц֣ѵ²ѣΪ˲ȥְ𣿡
ˣ
öЩˣ绰Ҫģֻ绰ҲЩһصף£ϱĲˣͲѣ裿
Ƥһ㣬ߺ죬˵
ҧʱû϶иԴˣ
ԣͷӦ¡
õһۣڨЦĲԣ´θ˵øúùǮ
ǹģæˡһȦκҪҵ绰
Ҳ˵Ͻˣ˰ɷ
øƱȺһ
ٴЦǺǵģ·˸ոεĲ
Ψ־ɫ̫õԱߡ
ΪܵܣûĸԷ˵һ仰Ҳ̫ˣ
ҪǸ϶⣬ѧյºְ֪ǸȫˣԼ̲סˡ
ٶ༸꣬ĸ׸ɲˣñһɣǻ粻൹ù
ǰʹˣʮʱʵڸɲ岻ʱŤҲû֮ǰ󣬻ҪǮ϶׬ԶԶû֮ǰˡ
ذͷ³£Ҫˡ
û취ֻصԭĵطһǧǮ/ҲܳΪӣ˺ܴҲСˣԱûҪֻȥ˴ɨһǧǮ
µĹҪУĹ˵㣬Ǯɨ࣬ʮæµ
־ƷѧصȷûУҪȵ/ŵܳϡ
ˣҲά֣ҪǸĸһ˵£ҾˣƫƫʮˣҲģû󰡣
ϣͽùϵԺܰһѡ
ڿɺãݳ
־ͷƤЩ飬ԹĿ۸ĸ
ѵ֪ԼͶãŮ
*
ʮļүүҲˣһʱŮһӶѡơ
ϻһ档
ǲʱ򲡵ģҲǲ״ֻ̬һֱСӣϱ۰ˡ
Ǳ㼤
ǶϲһֱǹһԶһѣߴٵϽȥүүһ档
ݣﻹкöˣϵѣӣŮŮȵˡ
һƬţڿޣȰ¶
ȴ۾һ̧ɳƵ˵
ϵǰ
ֱһס˺Ŭ˵ܻܵСʹˣɲˣϴһҪչȢϱ
־ƹԹվһԣҲ˼ڴ㡣
֣οģ϶ȢϱģҪȢҲѹһϱԼȢˣǱʻ򴫳ȥ˷Դ
̣
ˣ
־ĳ£ĵ׵Ļָ̿ˣ²³ˣʹүүǰҲԸɿδ
ƨ
ʵڿۣѵǽ㰡
ƫͷɫΪǽ㣬Ժôи󵽰ɣȳûӣҪҸŪӰæȢϱôӦõ𣿱ϾҸĸֻŵܵܣҲû˹ܵС~
˵ЦĴյǰʵ̣˵ǲǣ
ˣ
ļҶýһԣ֮ǰʮϵ£ֶŮЩͬ飬С˵ǺҲð
ǳεķãûŵ㣬ʵϣͷʵ
ļҶõη壬ЦǸӾǿĺӰܵܶˣҲˣѲ治ܰ
ܰþϲĻҶĶͣģҰ治ܶˣҲпڷԵģ
ҡͷ̾Ϣһκί˵Ȼǰ˭ǵŮأ~Т˳
ļҶã
Լǲ֪󣿣


139  139 
ļүү̻, ߵĲģҪɿչ˵ܵܣǲܡ
ԲԭһܵĿ࣡
һûΪ, û˹˼еֻ, ΪҸԼĻ
һҪΪԭүүߵİЭ
һ, ҲûסԸסƵ, ǧǶ游ĸТǮ, ֲļ˵ֹѸƱ뿪, ûл
֮, ־Ʊ˳С
Сѧһ, пʼҪܶӲ֪ʶºеŶӿʼɲžһ㣬ɼһ㽵͡
˶ܲ, Ķǲ̸ˣʦҲû, ϲϷС˵, ɳɼ½ȴô졣
ǡ·˸ľԴ
ӦһͨĶ־ǰҪ顣
Ų, ȡ֮һԶϴƽӹӡ
º඼ܱ, ٿŶÿ»üǧ͸, ٳʱ˷׼ѧˣǮϰ࣡
־Ը⣬ѧϰǰбѡ񣬵ֻнһգһҪѧ
˸ĸĻ֣ҲɣҪѧ
ɼ˻ѧأѧȥǶܼԵҺ/𣿡º
ҲܣѧԺͬѧǰô̧ͷ־ͬš
һģһ˭ҲϷ䡣
Ӳ⣬±ߵĨ˰ϵӵǮڶ˺ܶ࣬ЩΪ㣬ʡԼãȷʵǮˣ벹ϰǮֻܻڲϰϣ
־ƾǿЩǵǲǻнҪְŮвĸģ
ϱӾǮ֣ĸҲͻȥҽǮȻÿζǮûˡ
һһɻ͹ˣ
ǱҪѧˣ˵ʲôһһˣ
*
ӵĻ£֮ǰҲŮҪѣֻǱ»ˡ
ҲûƤûֱŮҴͲѧѵ£û˼Ҫ
ڲ֮ǰˣ˵Ĺȷʵ㲻˶ӵ衣
һճһǧңÿڶҪ·˵ҪʮĿһٵĸٵǿǿҪѹһǧЬӶˡ
ÿٵѣʱ򲻹ˣӻҪǮ
żˣֵû󼸰١
⻹õģ󣬺ô˶ˣûкһһһķլĴ˺ܶ࣬ûôˡ
ΪԵøˣԵĶǺõģĸˡ㡢⣬ȵǼԵǺʣ岻ʱ¸ӵȵȣʵҲû֮ǰٶ١
ټԼҲУڹͬþȥҽԺ滤ʿˣɼôƵ
һǧ룬ﹻģԭȵĴҲóãţͺܻţͷԽԽˣÿĶǶȢϱ¡
ûˣûȢϱˣ
ʱΨƤŮæˡ
¸绰֮ǰֱЩÿζӰˡ
ܿ绰ͨ𣺡֣ôˣ
һ˵绰һôˣϾǲҲԼеİɣ
䴽һЦô᣿
ºһŮ͵Щģ/ֲˣҲ岻̫ãҲüǮ˰ɣ
ȴϣðѿŸңԺÿſǧ
ҲˣƷЩǮҲһ
±ǧﹻǮǳԺˣ
ǸǳԺЦеѲɻҵǮӣ֣ô꣬㻹Ѱ
Ƥ飬ҧҲ׵ܵܣٲϣҺ/ûͶʱ㻹óеΣ
ЦøˣڶúõİûʧȥͶҸһǧѾܹˣĽ˭˭Ůˣһ¸ǧ𣿱֪ˣ
ӲƷֳʼˣҧгݵʲô˼Ųȥ㹫˾֣
֪ҹ˾𣿡һ䡣
¿ǣ治֪湫˾ô࣬ŮȻ˵Լģɹ˾ָӣּǲס㶹ѸٷӦвұҵģ
ǵøһҵϢ˾ҪչҵӢܺãˡԴʮڴְ֣ɣֻҪҵġ
£
ʼ٣һǺ죬ֻĻɱͨûΪĵӱòһ
Ȼˣ
/軹ôҪǮ
ֶҲطȥ֣Ҿ˼Ҷܲ˳ģϾǾ⣡
·оµıͷŭɻĳ֣ôˣô˵ҪҸѶȣ㶨Ʊȳң
£
ڳˣ
̣ס˽ֻ˵ĳ嶯ʮǰңǸʱŬŬһһֻҲʮ֮һҧҧԵġ
˰ɡ
ӻҪأ
ձƵĹҶϵ绰ʹٲֻǧѣǽŷȥˡ
ûϢˡ
ǧˣһӶࡣ
֮һţÿһŴǮҲǣǵġ
£/ġ
޺޵һɳ飡һȻ󡰰²ҽһЭߵˣ
*
Χ۸׺绰Ϊû֪Ǳ˵ʲôô־żӣ֣ôǮ𣿡
ˣ³
ٶ٣־۾һ
ĳ֣ǧÿǧ
־ʧˣɿµ֣żǧʲôã˵Ҫ˾ģֱȥҪ
ü۶ӣ׶ôһҲ־侲ⲻһǻûгȡϰߡ
¼ӲˣԴҲˣûôȥҪڹ⣡㲻úѧϰⱲû׼ˣҪǮ
־ƣ

ôͳˣ
ôû뵽ģһù޷һ΢Ľ㣬Ȼôˣ
Ȼʵˣ
Ѷûн£ֱӷ
๤˳˽ϵĲˣ⸸˵£Ҳһ𾪡
𾪹еֻ޴롣
ŮôԶҪֲ֣ˡ
һ˳ƵĳǷ鿴һ´ǣһǧҪԷʡԼã˵ˮѡѡȼѵȵȷá
ǧԽȼü֮ȴܶǵʲôãΪ˶ӵѧϰӻǴģ˾ͲˣԺϲϰ࣬ʲôʱɼȥˣѧˡ
û˵Ժ󶼲׼ѧ
־˿һԼһҪѧ֮ǰˮƽ֮ˡ
ѧϰˣ־̫ˣôڱоҲ1 1=2⣬˾ʮŸ裬ӵͷΣ
ɼֻ˵סˣûټҪ˵ǲɵġ
Сʱʶ־Ƶʦ׷ҡͷ⺢ӻˡ
ɻ
֪
ҶƣҲֻܽԭ⺢ӰϷʶļҵˣԽԼԼҺϷ֮
ҲԹ־棬ɺƢ󣬲֣Ҳˣʮĺ򲻹ûѹסֻܱȥ
Ҫ˵Ѻ㻨Ǯȵȷѹƣ᲻ãŹỤ̊ɶ/ӣ¾ۡ
һûת䱾һвע⣬ɼֻ½
½˻ġ
˲ϰҲûá
־Ƶĳɼ𽥴ͨ˼Ե
ʱҲɼֻһͨĸУûǰºǰ㣬ȥõĸС
֪ҪȥõĴѧѶǳɱġ
ʱ°̲סʼڡ
һΪϺȥһҽĺڴϣ۵亹ֱð鴤˵ҪǲôϴƭģҲϴ˵ܾܣƺǸ鳡
ۿûϢгϢŮˣһʹÿһöĥһ˵Ǽٵġ
ô
û˵ֻɣɫƣóͶѡ
ʱһ绰
½𣺡ιҪϺٽȥ̣
ʮǰɣҪ㣿ϺɴˡЦҲɰ
Уĵ֮ǰ͵
绰ҶϣſڴϣʼӾ磬ԳŲһֻֿš
ۣ
ȴˣѵɣҸһȥæ
úáµͷһֱ죬ֱվˣ컹ŵġ
ϾҪ¸µĲϰѣøϽģ


140  140 
һιҵԭĸĵ绰, ֻ۹ͬ¸ոһ㣬Ҫûܻ, һ£
ЦŵͷţҰ, һȥ
ͬæҿ԰㼸죬ٻȥ
ҡͷ, ɣû£ΪԼ۲, ܽвǽĸԸ, ֲûǮӻչʲô
ӣ㻹иܵܣͬ²졣
Ца, Ұʮ, Ϊ˼̳ǼһٶʮƽĻλ
ۣͬ±ǰ滹Щͬ, Цˣܽ˵ôȤ϶ûں, οļ򣺡ͺˣù, лλ̳ˣͨ˲ᡣ
ԣЦ, ǰļݹȥﴦˣ㿴ʲôҪġ
áͬ½ӹ
ٴλָ״̬
ֱ°࣬ǼӰĴ, ⱲǮþͺ, ȫԼߡ
Ҫȷʵǿ, ͱˡ
ͬĽĿˣ̾Ϣһͷɻ
صסȴյģһ£ֻûκϢ֡
ɳһɣϢѡ
صϢûõӦ㿴ӣȴƺĽŲ
ֱ壬ЦеĿ⡣
ţŴ򿪣ʮͷ˧һõ壬һһ󵰸⣬ţsurprise
Ц
Ѿǰӵһ£տ֣װģ
лл~ر
ԭգԭĸ˶̥󣬾ˣԼҲûԼҲżǣ˾͸Լ⡣
û뵽һ죬ˣǰȴǵá
ұŪϲϧÿ°඼̫ˣ컹û~챧Թȴǰ˺һ
ʵõ廨һԣϵ𿪣ٲһ׻ո裬һе⣬յϲáĨ⣡
һ磬ЦȴڹڻҪŨ
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û뵽ԼȻȥľһĸУһͺܾˡ
ʼЩţԼû취һõĴѧԺϸרƻĴѧ
Ϊ־ƸҪѧ
ֵȵȶԣֻҪܸ߿ӷ֡
ֻǼܲˣǸϰڵ¾Ѿһ㻨ˣﻹǮȥѧ
ͬ豻һһ־֣ҲûٶóǮֻѡһǲΡ
־ƾѡ񲹿Ρ
˲֪Լ֪Լˮƽû˲ʦĽ̵ļӷҲûá
Щ²ԼôģϣԼܶһɼһ߿ٴʧˡ
һЩˣ˼ʮ֣רƵˮƽ
־ԼҲˣһû뵽Լͼסһ߿ģ
ˣͲµԼɼô
֮ɼĻˣɼһѧ¼ȡߣԼֻȥרѧУһ³
ƵĴӵƿɬ
ģӮңһûƱûעţûбǮûΨһȡĵطѧϰԼ󣬿һ·ţ󵽴ߵѧĽ
ǺһһƲϣ˵ʸǻڡ
ΪʲôһкƻĲôأ
ι㿼ٷ֣һһЦĹļʵ
־İ١
ҲİٳͷҡҡͷҲЩ飬ֵҰȼ֮ѧ˻տˣİٷӦϸ
־ƺȻתͷ
ѸоŵøϽԱã첲˵ôң
־ƽûпѡͻȻȥ
־Ըֹһ죬˷Ҳû£ֻ뷢йеԹͷܻȥ
*
Ϊ⣬¶ڼңֻǶĲ⣬֮ǰķޣһ𣬾ͻụ౧Թ
˵ôô
˵Ǹˡ
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ǰʱŴ绰Ǳ߽˸ѣĿǰ죬һԱȣǵֱһ飡
ţ¾뵽һ£Ż˵˵갢߿Ƕûôɣ
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ʱű򿪡
һͷˮ־ܽ
༴ʹٶʧ̲ס۵˵ôǲǳɼˣ㲻е绰𣿴绰ͳ˰
ڴӣôߴﵽ𣿡
һʼǶڴ山ѧУֻϣߴﵽ˾ˡ
ȴ־ҡͷĿĶǡ
пһ£ûﵽ
İٷ֣ﲻ־
ɫһѿɿŶŬοҲãרҲɡ
⻰·ը־Ƶŭ⣬ʮ̧ͷҲרƣҶ˵ˣѧԼӷ֣ͬѧҲѧͿԼӷֺö࣬϶Ҫѧտû׼ϸƣǲѧģ
ǣ
ĸַ·һѭͣڷҡΣûסɳϣûιȥѾˣΣǲá
ȴԸҲû뵽ӻԹȥôˣԼǣ㵱ʲôնûѧС󻨵ǮһǮúõؿôõĴѧô˵
ҽ㣿־ƷһЦ˼Ҷˣأ
һˣ˾ҪִˣҪӣô᲻Ϊ㣬Һ/㶼㻹ǣǰ㡭
žһ£һƴϣ־Ż/ԴһƬհףֻ޵ĵǰʮˣҲļͥ
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֮ǰộΪĸס
仰ڷһ
ҲܶˣôڴӣΪ˶ӣʮȥ˶꣬۳һˣʮ껹ûݣ˼ҿš
ӾȻ˵ļͥ
һУŮΪʲô
ʢŭ֮µ־ƲδͣЪź˵Ҳң
º˺סܵĿ
־ûͣǶôˣʲôӰҴС˵ϴ̫ˣͬѧеģұҪŲУ˵ĸĸǸĸҵĸĸǱүү̣Ҳ𣿣ΪҸ˵ʲôΪңҽ㣿Ϊ𣿡
ΪԼ־Ĩ˰ᣬеĲ⣬һ̣й֪ж຦Ҳʮ꣬Ǿʮˣˣ̫ˣĺһ˯ѣҲˣҶãΪʲôҪ
һǴСѧϰãܾѧϰ̫ˣ˶˵㣬Ϊĸĸ̫ˣѾ̫С
ҲУûʲôί
Ȼһ㲻ˣȻ仯ܲµԹڴʱұˣ
ΪʲôҪ
˲ԾѯԼ⡣
˼ѵĶһۣڶԷпˣҪӣҪӣҪסźѵ죬кˡ
ҲΪ˸ǣȻˡ
Ϊʲôʵôѣ
ǶѾŬĸܸģɺӻǹǣ뱻
˵Ŀһ£˰ףˢˢ£۾ɵϴֱķ·



141  141 
ӵ˱ҵϢʱ, ʵѾعһˡ
عΪ׹ڸʺ
ˣЩۻҲӵһЩʱһˡ
ЩûһҪ, ɴ಻ˣһǰعȶ˹, һӡ
һСŮ
Сչգദ, ֻ֮ǰѾһЩǮ, ͼ˹, ƽʱϰཫ͵Са°ٽӻĩĸŮͳȥ档
ӵ绰ʱպ°, Ůȥ·ϡ
ӵ绰, СͱȹԹվһԲ, ҲԼܳȥ档
ãŮʿ𣿡绰Ǳߵֻѯʵ
üͷ΢ǵġ
ҽԺĸĸΪܵȴ̼Ѫ, ȣѾû, ûҪһ¡

ܴ̼
뵽ǰʱĸ߿־ƿ̫˰ɣ
Դеıʾͬ, Ŭѧѧġ
ΪŮ, ĸ, ǵûȥ, ôصͷõģأ쵽
ҽû˵ʲôȲǵûǮֱӷƣԸٺòһ죬ʲô
˵绰ͶŮո˸ңҵİְˣҪɻȥǣҪһȥȥŰס죿
ִһ𣡡
Цãǽ򵥳Ե㣬Ϣ𣿡
ԣ
䳬УֻǽԭζһЩĸŮؼңͿʼʰ
Ҳܼªˡ
ֺܶ£ʹСҲæʰ罫ԼҪ·ãøʲôġ
ڶ磬˻صԭļ硣
ԭߵʱҪܶ࣬İУŮȥƵ񣬼ʰһ£㣬ϵҽԺ
Ϊûʲô飬ҲȼĸȥǮ
Щ˲
º඼һĲ飬סԺܶʱ򲻷Ů˶һǣһСһʱûԼŮ
־ƶʮˣתôȥˣ
ֱȴµü￴Ϥӣ̽ĺһ䣺
ƣһĿƵĿǰ
ĴŮڳǰˣ
Цͷ衣

˸Ӽˣۿᣬίˣ
໹ϸһ㣬ע⵽ǣŵСǡŮ
ഺʻŮƯģٿһСɬø
ŮȻúܺãӼ޵Ҳܺðɣ
ЦеԣŮʫСֵ֣֡ͷ֣ԣүү̣
С/Цݣүү̺ã
ɰ౻ˣ̵Ŀ佱ҲûעֲͬЦ˵ְأ
û⻰ʵ裬Ǵſˣ
һԻû˵Ҫʲô
ҸǮҪûǮҸӦõģǮܶҸɣ
ǮǮϵǮż
°͵˵㣺ϵǮóʱ򰡡ЦʣôǮˣ
ڨЦ˵ùŮǮ˿ô죿
ǰЦеѲǮǴ־ƣ
֣ɫˣȴûзʹӣǮȷʵǴģϾǶӡ
Ƿûʲô£ûǮܲʲôӰɣ
Ǯ
ⲻйŮ
һۿǵ뷨Ҳ־ȥˣֻ裬ǮóھͶȥĻƱʮھʱٳ£ǵԼǮҪҪһ£
Ŀ¡
ɫҲΪѿϵƤ˶ĵĲԸŮ˵ó·ߵ˾·´ſǻҪôҺ/谡ֲȱǮ
Ⲣ˫˲¸ڵһ˰죬̲ס˵ŮզôأǵðͿղɰ˵ܣֲǱˣ
̲סͷͬ仰ŵ԰˵ܻСڿҵгɣŸոбҵԺô찡αؼƽôࣿ
ƽ˿Ц˲ǣ
Цݶ˼ַ̣ΪҵܲŲУŮǵ£ҪҳԿǲܵģ裬ңңߣһӣ
˵˼ȫһҡҡͷɴ಻˵ˡ
ڴϵɫҰܣΪ˻ȥ˵Ҵͷ
ԿףҪ룬ִŮͷҲص뿪
˼ˣһ˵Ůݰ
¸ŵɲǣʲô취أ˭ô飬˵Ķˡ
˶ʾͬ飬ôһТ˳ĹŮ
Ȼǰ󲻹һСʱָı뷨
Ϊ˶ӻŮ
*
ºסԺҲһʱ䣬־ƻûȥǣֻǴ˾Ȼˡ
Ϊĸ˵ġ
ڼţҲܣǸѧûǮҪǮӦǸϢĽȥ
˯˯ţ˿š
ȥǸӦÿʮĽˣʮ꣬զһȴ㿴µĺۼȫ¾ûһµŮˣ˵㣿
ֱӾʺš
һֱһˣ
ֱǹɵĿŲĺӣҪ֪һʮһ꣬˶ӣ֮󻹱żұ˸Ů
ٿСѾͷҲһװ/۵ģһǱŵġ
䲻ģ־ðһ仰һԼ͸ĸһɣ
һûг̱ڴĸûΪֱûѧˣѡ졣
ʹĸѧѺѣְ׬Ǯ
֮ĽڳԼǰȫýǮİ
ֻûӦͼӸĸóһſٴ뿪
ȫ̶ûкûһ
־Ƶߵĳƺ˵ˡ
˺һȻʶʲôɫĸȥպÿϵʿסţżǲǰѰǮˣ
䵭ĿһۣǮãùȥβɷѵġ
˵̧һߡ
־ƺʹһߵú˼
Źϣ˾ΪǲТӲǮĸβϵĿ뿪ѵСúݺĵ㣬ĵܵܲѵ
֪䴽һЦ
ɱ˦־ģһֱøĸǮԼģˣŵòУ۰ԼĸĸǮˡ
һԼ͵͵õģ
Ҳ˸ʿҽԺ
һҽԺǮҽԺϣԭĸһӵĿֻʮˡ
ԭ˵ùҹʮĴϣûжӣʵܲˣΪʣǮǵƷʡ
˶Ӻ෴ˣƷǲˣ½ͼʲô
ûס²һ£һ˺Ŵ򣬸ջصͼҴҸϹ־żĸº״裬ҽѼǮˣǮôԸ㲻˵Ҫ˸𣿣
ˣ
ԷôĺӣŮ뻹֪ĸӾȻֻӣ
˵һڣ־ƣ㿴㣬ǮǷҽԺˣûҪ
־סŵĵԼ׺ݣֲĵĻرˣ¡
µͷûҪǮǷҽԺˣƷѾͳǮ
־ƱƵǮ𣿸ҵǮ
º඼ͷҲģв̫ˣǲҶģ
ЦˣǮǵģģҳǮǿȻǮ㣿ֱӸʮʲô㶼ʮˣ뵱Ӥ㱧أˣ
ļˣ


142  142 £꣩

޷
־Ʊ, ɫһף׺ݵĴϢȴֲ֪ô, Ӻ֪ĽǸ˵ӡ
һ˳һ׺ݹ
ҲûǷҲ˵ԭһˣ
ΪĮ̫ˡ
Щ, Ҫ, ŸĸԱƵķƢ, ȴҡ
û˲Щʵʵ£ͷѯʣֶӶ
ַɿͷ, Ŷӣ˼ЦҪϲ
ȥ䣬ʱ־ƻҲû˵ǵ, ٸ˵ҸҸ˹һ͹, ǲõˣٸҸķһ͡
ʧ㲻ȥǱ߰
ˡҡͷҲ˵ɣôֱӾ
ί, ˵, »ͦӦ, ܸͱķ, ЩжŮϵ˶öˣɼŮ׬Ǯˡ
ǲˡ
Ǯˣһˡ
ºĵͷúãã㹤϶æôǹȥ
ЦЦֻǲԼĶѡ
ԭӤʱڱ޷ĥһ£һ֮ںأһ㻹Ĳô㡣
һķһʳǾ͹ˡ
ʣµϱӶˡ
һƬ֮ǰ໰ĬĬţôҶ໰ˡ
һˡ
»ԣҽԺķ˾Ϳԣ־ƣͲǷΧ
ȳţСڻ̫ó˵Ŀӣ͸ӣӣȳš
ʼԡ
໺˻ҲˣôŮʵһŮ𣿡
԰ͷ
Цÿ㡣
𣿡ЦЦƺҲˣܿĵȻһЦ
˶ЦˣҲܿģֻûס˵ҲСˣٹ궼ʮˣҴƺƣ㲻ͬźСһ£ɷǱӦúܺãûжӣ
±ֹϰ˵ģֻ棬ͬĵͷ͵ͷ̥ˣʱӺá
ЦЦĿǣ˵û顣
ˣ
ʳǣ˵ԣûаְֻ֣裡
˵ʱ°ͦġ
ͬѧаְ֣ȻûУкöֺ尡ұ˵İְֻǣǲ
ྪˣɷ򣬹ȻɷҲסˣ㡭ˣ
û顣
࣬оԼֲˣ̼ûжӸԼ󣬻סˣδ黳У㲻Ҫˣ
Цˣͦõģû˵õģ˶Ľң÷չŹϵһˡ
һŮôһӰܻ
ЦǶһķһ֪һ¶ǮֲǸɣ˶٣ٱɣΪŵĴߴپԼʮ»̥ӣһһڼָֻš
£
ࣺ
ɬĿŮôİƫƫüʮȫһ
ʮŮʮ꣬ȻɣɻҪûӣҪɷĲó˻ᱻ˵ĺóˣҪ·ϴϡ
ɷһ°ȴɳֻӡ
ǰŮȴôɣ뿴ͱķŸĸԼŸĺӣ顣
˵ȫ˼ƫƫǰ
Ĭı죬ܲŮָֻš
ֱа˵һµģŮˣ
ɿȫںǵɫ˵Ҳ˵
־Ƹˣȴֲô⣬ĸĸȣյϢȽҲ֪ܶŮǿ˻עҵ
һ뵽һĸͬȻЩ
Էôһأûϱƣ
ʱ־ƺȻ뵽һ£ŵ㣬ѰǮˣҴѧô죿
ɫһ䣬Ҳ뵽ˣֺõĿ⣬Һ/Ҳûܵˣʹѧ꣬ܿȥˣ͡һ³𣿡
ͷҲ̧˵ѧѧǿԸģѣԼȥ׬
־ˣԼô׬
һ£ȻһϵĽ飺񻹲ȥשɣϴѧ£שǮ࣬㹻һѧڵѻѧʱְء
־ƣ
*
־ƵĲѡ񣬶Ǳġ
ҪôǮϴѧԼְһ׬ԼѣҪôֱӲѧˣԸ㡣
ʮˣʱȱݣ޷ƸˣôֲΪ
ιŮ˿ǮˣҲͣ
Ҫһӡ
֮ĸʮĥòˣжǮ
ߵùѣп˵
־ƺҲˣȫûǹʮˡ
º࿴ŶԷƶ̶̵ʮ꣬ʵѾϵ÷·нľˡ
Ӧ˹ŮǾ仰Ϊ˶ӷܶϰʮ
ɻֲһá
չ˵Ķİˡ
ô̰
пƣȻҪ㣬ɶ֮ǰĴ󣬵һѪȻûʲô⣬ÿ¡
ƫƫشĿˡ
ȳԺˣǳԺĲŮǶӣŮıķԼ
˽ǽӵһչˣÿ춨ʱ𴲡Է˯
飿
ʲô
ҳԵҲǶôõģŮǮɲãĿͱķ˾𣬿ͦõģһֻϴϵأһչй˲ʱ
ƫƫǰǣ¸Ů绰ʮа˴Ҳˣҵ˵Σ߿࣬˵ʲôҪһ£ϾӲ⿿һøϵĹŮϣҪõĴⲻΪ
˵һöϵº಻˵ˡ
øϵĶȥˣ
־û빤ټϿǸרƣܴɴ಻ˣֱȥ򹤡
ȥ֮ͬҲûˡ
ûǮ
ºֻŲǺܸıķչˣĬĬᣬϰִ࿴ۣ߶ʮǰӵģ
ҪûжӣרŮ
ŮҲὫǽӵȥɣ
㲻ӹȥţǴ˶ʮϣʣµǮ͹ܹúܺãȥΣȥȫص棬ڽۻˣŶѵĵز
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ºһǰһȥǰ/ಡҪŮŮһ棬ûȵ
˵æûʱ䡣
æˣȥˣǱ۾ˡ
û
ԭĽˣˣҲû˼ˡ
ٰǮǸԭùãǰæ㶨
סһӵķӣǰΪ÷ŮǣѷӸ
ֻתͷˣǮȥΪԭһ㹦¡
˵־ƻˣſյļңѾİھסһȴһ٣ֻˡ
û취ûˣҲ㣬ֻܼȥΪ˻ƴ
ȼٴνӵϢǷԺĹԱ绰ģ־ٱ棬ΪûǮʦֲԸ÷Ժṩİ˵ԼǴ״ҪԼ绤
ʱǰȻ˵Ǹûʱ䡣
̶֣ˡ
ԺĹԱŹҵĵ绰ٿ۰ͰԼ־ƣε˵ûʱ䡣
־һȻȥʵءҴˡҲΡ
Ͷ·һʱ˭͵ΨһܰԼĽ㣬Ȼûаִ
ˣ


143  143 £෬⣩
෬⡪
ĿƵ, ٴδجоʱû
ָоԴϴβ͵Ҿ;У, 죬յţʮֿڿʡ
ɽֲأҪȥˮЩѡ
໺˻, Ů˸绰
Ǵ绰޷ͨ, 󲿷ʱǶ, ֻʱŻų
Ϊվɴͨ˭֪绰ͨˣ
ྪϲѣС, ң
֪裬ôˣ绰ǱߣŮº͵·ڸĸͻ졣
ˣ, Ұɡ
ûʱ䰡ЦҺͱ˲̫һĸ۰, ֻһ˳һңûʱ
⻰һһ, , ɳˣԲ㡭
û, ǵѡ񡣡Ц, ûаŭҵʮ꣬꣬ܺˡ
շȣŴ/һʱ˵
ûûε²ͬŮദ࣬Ůô׽ڸĮ͸ġ
ûʲô¾͹ˡ绰Ǳߣ˵
գۣ𰡣ĩǲԱߣò
ʡ˵绰Ǳ߾˵֣ҪҪ˵
Ҫִϻ۹ˣҲ˵ļҸĸԴֳ˵һν˺ټǡ
Ǹֲ˵
ĸʹˡ
üû˵ʲôֻǻҵ绰
κûкɵ뷨ֱӹˡ
ཡ۾죬ֻ
ҲƽһЩӸоڿʣŬŸ첲ˮòõˣŲʱһûע⣬Ȼ۵һˮڵˡ
ʱŵ÷ˡ
ȻͬһŴŵûôˣӸ˯ڣ
ίŲ˵ȴûзйһʲô¾Ϳʼੲݣ˵ܸʲô£Ů岻ãӲˣҪӻŪڻø˻硭
ģҷȴҲһԹҧгݵʲô£ҪģǵĻҪӦù㣡浱ԼиλҪ̳а
µۣǲԺΪ˶ӣһ굽ͷ򹤣ڼչ˺ӣѺУ˭
˵ˣǵСʱӶͱţˡ
˵ˣҧҪ첻ڼңڻҿӱΪ֮ǰȥ棬Դ˵£Сʱ㼸ΰðˡ
ţȴû
ǴѪû˵Ҳˣ
ʱķɰͰ͵һٷ˵Էˡ
˱죬ǰײ˺ͷټһٵÿ̲ˣ̲סԹô
ŮһѾô࣬ܳԾ͹ˣķÿζ˷ǱԹҲû
ô̲˶㰡졣
ǲ˲ܶЩķ˵ҪǲҾͶˡ
𰡣ҳԣˣֺõˮˣٵһˮɣ
ķͷ
ȸɰͰ͵ĳһ٣ȥϲ׸㶨ˣϢ࿴컨壬ѵζȤζˡ
űķʰСܴܲҳȥתת
˵ҲҪҲҪ
ķ˿ֻܾˣϾϢʱ䣬Ҫûʱ䡣
òУûʲô취ǲͣıԹڣȻֵأûĶӶó
Цʧȱķţֿʼˡ
Сķ䣬Źζĵطûˡ
²ͬΪŮˣܸܿ¸ǸɵӣһʼͲֻ̣࣬ܲĺڣ޷ǮŮĸ
ᣬҧû޳ỹһɹɵ
ڶ˵顣
ûá
ʱҲͦƵģԼʮʱΪʲôҪЩ˵Ļڳţ󸶳һУʲôûõӦеĸƿˡ
಻ֹһεţû̥ʵʵĹŮѧȹŮ˻᲻

ΪŮʮ꣬ԹŮϣľϣžͺãûбҪ
ͬǶԹŮһ
ж֮ǰ֪ԼԭҲôŮģΪ˶ӣʼʶŮΪŮЩŮһĺ˵ܾͲܡ
ļʶ˲֪ϲ˭ʶЩһΪ˼кһ
ӳмҳμʱΪ̣ʵҲ߷ߵģʱҲ̫ϡ
ɵصңžԼȴֳĬˡ
ˣ䣬壬ͷףȥȾɫҲǰɣ᲻á
Ⱦɫùģ
ûܹӵǮأ
ʵôԼӵǮһ٣׸ˡ
ңûӣĶ˷ӣ
ţ˯ˡ
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˯У·ԽʱգһԼҺĵط
Լɷ򳵻ֻ̱һ໴ĶӣһմĹŮ
ŹŮǵҪѧ򹤣۵Ըӣżĺţѧ
źԼһյڿߣǰûã湩ѧˣ̷ܵǮûˡ
ˣҪֻ塣
ٺʱһתһʮ˹ףȫϲΨŮڷ޵۾ˡ
ԼںɷŮĲô֣Լ߸˵·
ˣǶߴ
ûһԹԵİŮ
ŮˣǻҪҸֽŮȥǮߣŮ뱣ķŮŮ
ôһʻŮˣһһľĸˣ޵ᶼˣ˻ơ
ٵŮľչһңԼϵ÷һģȴǲ㣬Ӷؼҡ
඼Ѿľˡ
ԼŮҲŮɷ鶪ˣƿڴһЦ
ʱŮһŵܵˡ
׷ȥʱͼŮԼѪһأ૵һʼ˵̥Լ£ΪʲôҵΣ
죬ڵϣʹ޳
ٴ۾ɬģʶȴޱոеһжˡ
˳˼һȻЦˡ
һ̫ʵˣҲķһŮһˣȡˡ
ѹԼҪ̥ʱԼ̬ȣΪԹ
ɼʹǸˣǳ׵׵
ЦЦţֿ޳ˡ
һȴĿǺޡ
±ѣˣûڣֻϣԹ㣬ҪӣҪ㣬ŮҲˡ
Բۣˡ±ãŹȥϣȻһʹֵֿ̧ȴԭģûɶֿ
ôԼõ㶫Ȼر󣬿ֻӲԴϣҲǺ۵ġ
ԽԽʹ졣
ⲻǴ򲻹Լ
֮ǰԼΪʲôҪηôˣ
ҪԼһҲô磬ҪŮһҲôң
׾
±ĲҽвϢıķˣܹһͼһŹɵˡ
뵽˵ģĸľؾͺáûһʱȥֹ˳绰˵
ˣܲ졣
ķԣͦ׵ģ/赥֡
ˣǲùܣ¾ͺá
áķҪҵ绰
ʱһӴ۾ϣ۵ҽжʱӱ
ҲˣһЦ
ָߵƵ裬Цʲô
ȥһ£ЦЦж񱨣


144  144 
ٴ, û۾͸оһһɶСͣЪĸ, ûһ͸оϳһ㱡ĺ
Ķͷ˽µá
۾ͿһüѾģŮеĿԼˣѾˣˣҩհã˺ȵɣ
šӦ
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Ѿȥ, ٴγ֣һɢŨҿɬҩζҩıǼ⡣
ûֱ֣Ҩҩ͵ߡ
ᣬҩôе㲻Ծ
ѾߣСѾеĹвǼٵ, ֪ҩ⡣
ˣֻǻûȥ, ȻǺˣƫͷ˼, һҩڵϡ
ˣѾ߸Ͻı, ο
ֱ, ոһ۵Խ, һ, ҡҡͷҩŰ, Ϣ
úáѾ߸Ͻٷ£Ҵá
ˣĬĬ۾ԭļ䡣
һգˡ
һС檷Ĺ¡
ԭҪСλҡ
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ԭһƷԱĵŮҲһаļ壬ԭʮ걻״Ԫлףȥˣ޶ûкӣûа㲻á
˵л̣ҲǸ̵ı
ʮǰл̰ݺնףΪͯлѣ
ֱǰлΪ֣һпõģң̰ٷлҳԩѩ
лõԭϲԭװæŻĹ⾰
֮лԪڣõ״Ԫ֮λһʱףԭ޸ŮӶ޵ӡ
һжΪԭл֮ʣһˡ
˺ʱ䣬ԭûйţûС檣ɷأΨһõûΪлŮ
һǰУһˤһ£ûˡ
Դԭ㿪ʼ/ಡ齵
ֱɷ򶼳Ǹ͸ˣ⸮еŮˣ
˵ЦʵʼлҡұѺõļ壬ҺһˣлϲС
ԭŮСԭꡣ
һŮȴ࿴á
ԭΪҵŮҲֻĽĿţýãΪܺлһˣ
ֱлޱ䣬ôϲΪȥлңл̵Ľ׽͵˽̷
һлҲץסˡ
ԼЦôͰ壬һλᣬǱ֮ʣٴȴѾ߸Ǯ뿪
лԴ˼ס飬Ĳϲ
ӭȢ±õΪֹ
ĵһܸɵˣΪҪýĵŮ͸ͷ˾檡
ʮŮΪ˶һĸԺ͵ܵгϵܺõýȡ
ϧԭС岻̫ãл˵Ϊ˲òӲģֱӽѹ£Լˡ
СסԼңȥô׵ֶйա
ԭȴһֱûкãһߵԼҪˣһûлһŮҪл檡
ʱ¡
ԭӵúͷҲ÷һ߸ߣҪԸ⣬޸ΪҲǿԵģ˽һ
ûоܾ
ԭдŻؼ˵һ£ҸĸȻʹŮİţǵͷͬˡ
ԭҷԣҲͬˡ
֮л̵ҡ
ԭˣңҲû밲л̵۰ңŮҲûˡ
ΨһõΪ£л̽лж
лΪˣȴڽ̷£òҸͶ⿴˳ۡ
ÿλҪڶԷ
ζԷڣлۣҲԵºԹûֱֹлԽԽ֣ſʼֹ
ǲСĺûĺӣл̳ȻϾϵ
лȻ޵òУԭǰ˵ʵ֮ǰˣ̥ʱˣ˵л̺̥ᣡ
ԭɵˣһֱΪԼɷʵǸã
Ϊǲúл̵뷨
һʼл̱ġ
ԭ޶־ԭ֪º󣬿ʼҪˣ᲻ñ֮ˣȴ֮ǡ
ƾɺ⣬徹Ȼʼת
֮ѳŹܼȨѹлȥǣΪ˸䵭
ȻܣǸమ
ٴλУԭиǱһҪԼ밲ûȴ۲ˡ
ķΪ˳ƶʣԭٴβлҹҹ
һԭûܺʱл̲ԼΪȢ
л˵Ҫҵİæ㵱ҡ
ԭҵŮԼռ˹ͣ⹦ġ
Ļ֮ʣѡ˵ֻֻܾȣ޷ã
лԭûˣ޷˵лΪޣΪлг
֪ԼľˣеΪѶûˡ
ԭΪԹƮϣۿлݣһССĹԱŮҵݼ޸Լ
˶һССл̵ӣؼ֮лû檹һӽһӵĳ
֮ǰӣҲĸ󷽵ļԼ£˵ӡ
˶ݴȣΪҷǳ
Թױ
*
ԭ䣬ٴԭĲļʹ겻٣ɻΪߵͬܡ
ܶΣԸͽѹ£
ʱΣպܵлʱ䡣
ͦġ
ֻ֣ԭԼΪСã֮һֱãоԼʱûû
ʱ˵˵־
ȵǸҩ⡣
Ϊҽߣҽо̫ˣܶҩ΢һţܲЩ
ոźҩСѾԭѾ£ʮģԭѡɱԭһġ
Ӧòܸԭҩ
⸮гԭл̣ûеڶӣˣûͻ
ԡ
һͷϵӣðһ󵨵뷨ԭҪ͸檡лԭ/ಡ齵Ϊ檡
ʵл̵ưɣ


145  145 
Ϣһ, ˾񣬷һ㶯
, չԭ£Ӳˡ
ЦЦǿĲ˵Ҷˡ
¸ϽãūȥŪԵģԵʲôࣿҪȵɣ
ˡ
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Ҫ, ϶ֱӵͷˣԭСһˣʼԭĸ׾ԭܿѹò, ֮ԭŻȥ˵Щˣѹ
˭֪ʵʲûкãֱ²ԭĸŲԣǸʱѾϺˡ
ŴŮǺϵ̫Ƶ, ˾÷ûá
ԭҲһĿϾлȻͦгϢ, ״Ԫһ·
лҲʣˣһ
µʻ, ֱӵͷ, ȥ, ᲻, з·ľᡣ
¼᲻, ɴ಻, ֱתȥԸѾһˡ
ʱԭĸ˾ͳǰ
ǰɫ԰͸¶Ůᶼˣ˱ţʵ⺢ӣô£ôҲ˵һѲɳͲĺӣ
Ĳܣ࡭
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ͶԷ뿪ֻȥҲðҩ
Ѿ쵽磬ǳæʱһ˷׷ױãһӰͳǰ
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ҹж˯˸þŸ㣬ʰû׽һóȻôһŵĸȻΪֱС
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ĶʱǿЦݺһ
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æҵĲ֣ǰ۵ҡģҵ㽫Ҽ޸ϷңҲ룬ܲܰҡ
оһЩȻ궼ʮ˰
ʮߣʮţ꣬׹ϵܺã£ܹҲ⡣
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תһ룬ˣǵҲġ
ʮ֣ۿһ죬˵ңʵǰҲǶˣֻٵڣзͳˣ
һΣ˵ޣֲǳֲǵŮݱ΢ЩΪ˰ͽҵģ³ٺÿûԸˡ
Ը׵ģҲϣĸԸΪһŮģⲻ͵
ǣʮˡɵĵͷ
΢΢̾Ϣ岻ãһȥ㸸˵һ
лӣɻ㲡ô
˲ˣ㻹֪
ͷһţæͣղŹģ»û͡㳢ٸ˵¡
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Ŵˡæ˵
Էͷˣת뿪
߳µؿڣ毺õĸעĿΧС˶ֱۡ
յĵ˹ȥŵðſ첽صԼס
֮ǰĸ㶼á
յĴһԴû뵽ˣüҲû㣬ֻҹƺԶ鷿һޡ
סĵط鷿úܽҹʱģ֮˯ҲڼǹţлΪ˯ţ
᲻ôһԭΪԼ
ֻ﷢֣᲻ֱԼ뿪ЩҧѾߡ
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ºοһ׵ιţʮ㡣
˿ðģŮͺܺˣֻ˵һҵŮˣ˵Ҫ͸ϷС檣ȣ֪𣿡
գۣҡͷ֪
ĵ׾ù죬û룬ȻһģӹɣʮͣҲûǳʲô˴л
Ůһ˵ҪҴȥȥԸ϶˵һ
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л̺һ죬ĻָˣŵǱվһЩĸ
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ûϣлҲΣһ߽ӹе࣬һ״˵С˵ĸ˵С£ģ糯Сү˵һ£үѾͬˣСоͰһӣС㰢죬ٺ˼롣
˵εҡͷСջȥһˣŻа²ڼҡ
˻һ˳װˣͷҲã㡣
ȫû˵ԭϵãͬþܾ
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ܿлιʳҳԱˣˡ
лЦһ٣̶ָֻͷǺãȷţҪ¡
ҡͷĸ˵
л̴ĵͷǸҪĸСסΣأ϶ˡ
˲ˡ˵룬Ůļң۵ĿŮһźߡ
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л̽Ų˶٣߹ȥ䵭СлסţȻӣɲǰǰΣˡ
Ѿȥл̵Ļת
¹Ժ¥¥ϣεŮĿһ̣ʱʧǵĿŲԶ鷿գ£ëʶڿޡ
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146  146 
, Ҫʲôѡ
ǳԷòС۵÷θ
һС, ǿź˵һ, ʵڳŲסˣ¾͸оһѣ, Ǻ, ֱȺ˵ѣ˸о֫
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ţȰȥһϢһ
һ磬˱һֱл
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Ȼˣ
ԭȷʵЩģô, ᲡôãΪҩԵʡ
ϧԭûҽصĶ, ҩҲʲô, ץסҲὫô
, 
ڼ䶼ûټˡ
Ŵ򿪵ҩ, սתûˣѾ߹ԾҪˣһеĺû˵Խˡ
ڼ䣬лȷʵ뿪ˡ
״ԪѾ꣬ǻУƷְλƹܸظ˰ȷʵͦæġ
ʱСʹҲʧˣЩ԰׵ɫѪɫ΢һ£ɫ͸ˡ
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л̵ţԼȡ㹻ΣͿʼıõ
ǰձôˣ£¶һԹɵЦݣ㣬ɺЩˣ
ģǵС檣ʵҲϲŮ
һЦԭ̬ȣЦöˣ⼸ûչ㣬Ѿźû˳ģ
æģܼһܺá
ֱο˵£һͿίˡ
㡭ۿ΢죬ĿίѣĵٰΪıϲл̣Ŭİлϴһ·֣ĵֻΪԼ
̾ϢֳҵŮû˵С檣ϴλȥѾҵ˵ˣȥ˵ģ㲻õģʱȥҼңԺٳΣ
һ٣඼·һ˫߬סǻЩʹ
ôңģҶҸʵɾȥ͵֤˻ᾴ㡣
Ц֮ǰô˵
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ΨһԵľǰŮˡ
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Ҫǲ裬ֱӱһˡ
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ҲǣԼ̫ˣȶǵȵһ޵ýжΪ˿Լ
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ⱦѹȷʵͦõġ
ԭһļл׸ˣλߣҲ׸ˡ
һжΪӡ
ǽһεǻѾʮ꣬Ѿʮͷڻʵ˵Ǹˡ
ϥ¼Ӷʼ
Щ꣬ӺͶӾزۣʣµļǰﾺֶκ³ҲңĲݰһ˭ûϣƫƫϻλˡ
⼸УΣӣΪ첻㣬Զ޳˼꣬µľӡ
ȫȻյǴġ
ʵĲأԼλӺ͵Ӷ
úõأûãͻỬ¬ӳ£֮һֱڵʼ֮ʣ¼ҶΨˡ
ԭһ󣬿Ż֮лվ˶ӣؼ˸ס
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ãã˺ѡƽӹģԲһ֮ѡ
ٿ˶ԭ£;һ˾ӡ
ֻǺܿϧô꣬лѾúȡ
Ҫ룬Ƚ鷳ͬģʱı£˼ǰ򵥻ɥżɡ
ƾʲôµл̣󱳸ȴ
ԭҲԹл̽õøɾˣ/޶ŮڻУ
ҲҪˣ
ΪԼѡɡ
ѾˣԼҪġ
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лߺĵʮ죬Ժɢ
һСѾ߹ˣ̹ˡ
ɫ΢䣬
ЦЦ߰ɡ
δ˿лӴǴæ˰Ϊҵôã١
̧㣬ӽͨܹһյʱ䣬⻹٣ǷӦסŵٺᰡ
´㵵Ŀӣû뵽ڴԿķˣվȻỹ죿
ȻлҲû뵽ᱻ죬üͷһŵڴʱ¶ֿ̱ʲô˼һ˵ˣ
λҲû˵ʲô˸λ£ۿ䵭˵ãǰ˵Ķԣ˵ĲԣȻҪָ
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Ȼ̷˾ˡ
ҵŮֶֻϵɿ˳ۡ
ˣл˳Ҷˣ͵ԵĹ
еѾߣȥԸ׼㰮Եġ
лҪ׼
Ц岻ˡѴ
л㿴źúõﲻˣлöãװ㣬׼ģ˭Ķԣ
һͦõģл̣Ͼϵڷҹʹࡣ
ܿӣݰɣǾͺݵ㣬ƫƫֻӦûţܿ࣬һ־ԭֺ±˿
ɶŸ͵ԵˣȴֻһĿ֣ԼίͲףֵܵûѡһõķٶģƨҷһƴżı
ϲҲţֱǾͱˣ
лˣ͵ȥҵܸܵôˣһٵϱķ˶ǲ
Щż˵лڣϾͻˣһ״ǻӰ˸飿
ˣһ
ҡҡͷôš
лɲǰģһ߱ԹҶãһܴöȥлװôãҲ˽ºԭ˵ڽ޸ڼСˡ
᲻ߵģ϶ǵȥǸ
ǲԼ
Ȼûһлڵ͸żߺ죺ǹӹòãһ㻹ң
䴽һЦ㣬ֻǻ㻰ѡ
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ָ鷿ǣȥ鷿Ҽǵ÷ղһЩܲġ
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л¶⣬Ҫ֪ܵܵĶôɿˣ
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лЦһŪָıӺ𣺡л帮
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147  147 
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ϥ޷ţѾ߸Լơ
ŶţѾߵûˣɻ̧ȥǸߴӰжʱһ󼤶Ҫ
ȴϥǵˣһۿҪ¡
Ѹǰס
л򡣡ϸϸ˵š
лüͷһ壬ɫԽ˷Żϣˡ
ͷһ𣬹ԹԵͷ۰Ͱ͵Ŀûд󰭵ģҲǲСĵġ
ǹģҲţл
Сĺʧһˮ⣬ҧŴӵġ
лЩ̵ĴóһСӵݸһԵѾߣҴòԣҩš
˵ת뿪
˵ʲôֻѾˣ侲лѾˣûܵģ³һԼҪ롣
ʱŮ˵С㣬ū澸ҩɣҩǵҼүˣʹģûá
һջָɢ
һз·ֻص˺ͯʱĳǸʱлϲˣϲ˵ֺġ
ϥǷ·𶼲ôˡ
Ǵθû͵лУý̹ù;ȥ
ֻǲŸս˶˵СӴǿү۷дʫ˶ˡ
ˣҸպȥʳ׶үģүˣˡ
ŲͣסץסѾߵ֣ĳ֣˵ʲô
Ѿ߱һϽ˵ǡүдʫϲ÷ʳûá
޴ڴʱˢˢӿͷȻоԼӵĵ·ǸЦ


148  148 
ĵĵһǡԽĶʮ, Ŵһο
˵ûˣһҩ͵ûˡ
С޴ˡŴЦջ, ˵Ҫٳҩ, ʲôǣٲ˻ұǡ
±һ䣺ǷʲôʱٻУ
ŴҪ˵Ц£ҲŸСȻûʲô, ϶Ҫһʱָٻ¿ɲżǰɣ
Ŵ˳Ƶ, öϢá
, ֪, Ŵˡס
ɫŹֵĿ˿ûʲô⣬ֻϧ, Ŵ뿪
Ŵ뿪л͹һˡ
Դˣ㲻䲻, лǼ, Ҫÿдһʫһʼ, дö, Щ, żæµȥ
϶¡
Ȼû˵, л̱ЦŵŴˣ϶Ǵˡ
¡
æ˵Ŵ˵С壬겻У
лЦݣƺЩʧ䣺û£Ҫ
򴽵ͷԽ㲻ɣֻģ˵ͷ˵
ƺãЦеãˣյʫأ
лɫ΢Цⶼʮˣ˿ˡΣ
ΣͷǿһδαĵĲʣԵҪ
ˣȻϲȻȫ¶ԺСӣ֤α
л̱亹ЦãСΪ㣬Ǽסôãôû
ˡһյӲûҾˣסⰡȻסôã
»ȥ˱͸Ϸ塣л̵
бۿô֪ô
·ˣʹһΡл̵һڼҲģ㲻ã
˵Ҳǡˬͷ
л̼㶨ˣ뿪ûһˣϼݹɵ㣬ģ㿴ϲ𣿡
˿ĵͷ幤ͦϲġ
һЦĵӿȴʮֵϲͺãһ塣
Ͳˣ·һ·ЩСˣ·һ£˵
ɫ΢̶ЦѽҪʲôɫ
룬ɴֽʻ˸ӵĻݹȥ𣿡
Ȼԣҧͷ
ˡļ
䴽һЦ˵࣬ôãСôˣкˣҲС壬㣬ʲôʱҪѽ
żڰ֣µݹˮˣһꡣ
¶һ٣ˣֱһˡ
üĵ򶼶ʮһˣ᲻ﲻ㣬Ҫ㻹ұĴ򿴿ܲǰһ㣿
һô죿
˳Ļ˵϶ǲеģҪǡҪҡ
ֹȴŭġ
ܾһûôų⡣
δ˵಻С͸¶ʲôתƻˣ˵ɫ£·ոֻʶ˳ɢһЩ
*
յˣȣʹѾߴӣҲȵúֱð
бԺ£Լ룬Ҳ˵˾ûˡ
ҲЩȣ޷ߣѳɢ˳˼ŽյĻ᲻ʲô
ֻǲС˵ӵġ
ֻ˵Ҫһ̲꣬ס˵һ䣬Ҳˡ
챻ģ͸Լˡ
ƲסԼģһδοǸӣʣСʱǲǹϵõġ
СҪ޸ġ
컯ŪˣԼ
ҹĲ˯ʲôͤȻһ΢ȴĵ
һϸܵĺ鿴ȥ
ڰڣȴҲܸоӿĿ⡣
һЦǰһͷ·ƺĻһЩ˯ţߣŽˡ
лĵΪ˯ţĵģ
˵ŴͤǡҲһ°ɫĿɳͷ·ɫơ
ձĻˣֶ࿴ۣļһֻɫƣͷĻƷ·һġ
·Ǹ˸ģôæûʰû
ָССʱЦҳ֡
лȴү£ҲĲϲСʱ뵽лҳʱҶˣ
һԼ˵⻰æ˵ΪҲ˯ţ
л̶˶٣ŵС壬лھһˡ
ۼˣ̲סСˣ˽㣬ƺ檡
𣿡л̲ÿɷЦЦȻ˵ҪлҲΪŮǲǸ⳥
ͷȲˣŵıǼ⺹ֱðȴ㲻գϲĿȥ
лע⵽Цһ𣿡
ɫʱҰףոյļ¶ʧ۵ҡˡ
*
֮죬û
ģڴǸϧл˶л̵ģСԲ׽ǺһһӣȻ治ö֡
һӣˣҵȥ
򿪿˿ӵңӦܼܶˣ΢Ӵһӣ˵ͷţ׼һ£ʱһжµġ
ǡµͷҪȥⷿóѡ
ʱǰԺˣ̸˶
֪ˣȥɡͷ
˽лĶϣˣšüĲˣԽˡ
ƺ˵ǲ̫ãҪһУһֱ˼κ˲֣ⶫӦ
°ͣ´ҩЦżֹŹֵζڹûлء
ԥˣҪĲ롭ү檰ɣʱУҲµġ
һȵ仰ˡ
ԭĽл̣ɻ겻ԸлˣһΪΪԼҪˣǰΪ֮˴á
Դװ˼һ£ʹͷ˵еǾȥɡ
ɴû뵽ôͬ⣬һʱЩڣҪȰ
ȴѾһ£ͳȥɷС檡˵ţ˵ĴܲΪң÷ûӰɡ
±ˣĬȥ׼
*
л³ؼңһʱʹܼңǱ𣿡
ˣ˶˵Ǹ˲壬̥ǰǡܼʵʵر
лĵͷô̼£ʧȥһӣ޷϶ᶯģֻҪǰһ¡
ֳɵ͵ǰͺá
ֻǡֹܼ
лƳۣ˵
ܼү⣬ѾߵĻȥ̷Ůӻ
л̣
㱻Ժżһ£㵵˵ʲôȥ̷
ܼͷʾû
ʱǰǰͬ͵ɫһݣվĵЦӭӼˡ
ү
л̤ӭһȺŮˣʱЦˣûһۡ
ҪĿɲŮӣ
Դ˹ЩԾѻյĸоߣֱ嵽ԺƳֱӺȣ˭׼ЩĵŮӽģ
䣬Ժһ໹һӰͷһ¡
ȻлҰҧгݵл̣ʲô˼̷Ůôˣֲû֮ˣ


149  149 
һܻ, ·ͱһ֣һЦűѵԼ, ЦӯӯĿţҲ
͵͵, Цȫ٣̾Ϣ۹۱Ǳǹġ
ֱлֺĹһƵ˵Ϊлҵ, ίˣúܺá
ȫ֮ǰ, , ʲô, ܵ׼Ȼǽ̷ˣ
һǫ˵ЦˣⶼӦġ
лƤЦⲻЦվһԣл, ü, 㲻
ɻɷ, ʱÿǣҲûֹΪҲҪӵġ
̫æ, ûע⣡л̼ѽ, Ƥ, ŴĴָϵİָ, ؿڱ, ǰʯͷԼĽ, û뵽ȻԼ, ֱ˾
˶٣ξˣԺ򲻿ˣ
ȻԹԵͷ
һŪŮˣ㹻ˣҪڶˡ
΢ŬԼƽй¶һ˿ڴǽѡһ˰ɣ
˾ͺáлڵһۣܾڣתȻ鷿
áæͷѡĸ
ŮӶǽ̷ʮֳɫģʮڵģһȥ˵Ҫˣ̷ĹֱһȺŮӡ
ܱȥ֮˵ңɱڽ̷õö࣬һȫΧֺá
۲һ£ѡ˼ڵ
Ȼл̹ĨҪûΪ檣Լһˡ
֣Ȼû֣˻ǺóģϾҽ壬һԺ֡
£еȻЦЦȥ̷ˣ֪ͨлײл̶ŭЩŮ˶£Ҳܿ
һ££ס㰲һ£վȥ
ǡϥȥš
ΪߵĴѾߣһĿǰģֵһȦ֮ˣټ϶ǼڷеĴѾ߶
ܼ򵥵Ľˣˣ±żС˼ԺӰ¹Ժĸڡ
ʰĶСУȴҲע⵽ˣһôˣ
Ѿ߳һ£˵ס
˭ѽʣлݣ
Ѿߺֱӻش
лģΧЩӵǣȻ֪˵Ǹʲô˼δ˵˾ǵæ˲˵
֪ˣ˵ֱӳȥһ̤ԺӣͿԺſһ欵Ůڽѣ㣬Һϲġ
زѾ˵ļðݣһЩԼ̫ϣֵɼʹǱһ˿ڴλǡ
ŮʻͷһЦǸսҲǸ𣿡
ĿڸоԼҪϢˡ
Ȼ
ƫʱһѾ߹ֱǰ˵ҹ׼һ¡
˵̫ףĶ
ģʮ־ϲСû뵽ԼӣȻһС
̷ҪǿҪأ
ȻѾߵͷ뿪
Ѿ˲ˣ̵ĽԺӣҪԼԺһɡ
ȴˣֻǰһڣĵ¡
С㣡Ѿ߾
*
飬˸Ѿȥ򣬼ˮ
ûˣ²ŵˣ˵ǲΪС㣿
Ǵ󣬷˾ͱˣһʼûײֱŴǼ£òԣԼˣɽȥ̷ףˡ
ɷˣ֮ǰСġ
Ϊʲôأ
ڸոյõ֤
С·һ䵭
ӭСͻȻεϵ֮ǰһϵе£ºȻ뵽һ㡣
ϵЦʧ£µˣ
ҧ̽ǲСү
ףüֻл̣л̶ҲһҲֹԿԧĻˣ
ҡͷüǣˣл˳Ůˣ
ѾߺģƫƫΪԭһ𳤴ҲɵĵΪԭԺˡ
ĸı䣬ⱻƽǳ鷳һЩҲ֪ˡ
ЦһҲʵˣ㣬Ϊ׿ܽ͸ϷСҹܵһǰС²ŴظУҷּˣҲ˵ģ
ٴҡͷū澲ᣡ
ÿκҩҶģ岻ʣҩ֮͸оһЩҾͲҩ⡭
΢ţСū澡ūҲˣֻŴ˵û⡣
£ɿҲɣҲɣ˭Ҳ˵׼ġ
Ȼûϡ
ЦһҲֻǲ²⣬ȵ˵Ҫȥл̱˵ǷȫȻΪ룬ʵΪʲôһ룬һˣ
ٵڣŸжεˣ
ԼСȻĹڵϣ֣С㣬ôū澰㣡
ת䣬ҪĳΪԧ죡
ã¹ϵͷɫ·Ҫһս
һЦ£ģкܶʱ䡣
ūԲ²˼ЦЦֵ˽̵ɶլ̸ֽضĲֻŮˣˣͷ
ҺСͷѡ
*
ϣл̴鷿㱻ȥԺӡ
Ŀ˵Ѵˣ͵Ҫǰź򣬾ͱԷһˡ
л䵭ң
죬˵Ťֻ˺
ΪֻЩϰߣ˭֪֮ϴʲôĶһֱص˯лҲֻϡ
Ŀɿڴڴʵү
ˡлϱӣ۾ҡ

Ȼûӿͣƽû˵»ݣǲд˿Ůӵ
ﲻģ۲˯
һֱҹˣԼͷø˺ˣ˸ǷǱ˯÷ǳȵˣ΢
϶Ǹ뷨ƵʱŵĴ֣һ£Ҳ߲˼
ɶ˼ҪԼĳȥඪ˰
´ûЬӣŵ齱ߣָѡ
Ӵһһ£ڵϣʹڵϴ˸
лԴûƫһ£Զ㣡
۳ҭҭûવģԼش˯ˡ
һ˯ⲻȣﶼģ䲻ʲôˣɽ̷ֶ˵ÿֻҪ죬Բ˷Źģ
ôһˡ
һ磬˯ѣŴ齿һˣŤˡ
²»ݣǲаɣ
뵽⣬죬ֵĵɴ۾
ԷʵүУֻҶ˵ǷˣΪϴԼϵɣ˲Ϊү檣
ǰɲǰɣ
ܲţƫƫԽԽеϴʱһ̾ϢүͦÿģƫƫУ˷ѣ


150  150 
, Ϊջܸɡ
˯֮ǰڿޣΪĵɬʱ, ΪѾ߸˵ģȴڵл, ѾһãȻûа
ɻ
ʱѾ߲֪ǹ⻹⣬ٵîʱүһˡ
ϲС/죬ȻһЩ, ԼϵۣǲǱĨȥģ
ֻǺܿ뵽, ְȥˡ
ѾС, ˵ҹûнˮŶ
ʲô˼δ޵
ѾڴЦ³, ʱҪˮģҹԺûнˮ翴·Ҳͦ, үû
Ĵϲˡ
һߵԺ
ҲڷƵĶԻ
ɫ, ɻүδ
ĸų, ڸ̾ԭһͷŨܵ㷢ʱ˺ãûôͺķա
Цû, 
ǡµͷ, ȴܵģүΪβǲˣ
գۣû׼Ŷ
£
, ·òԭ, ǸɫĴ, Щ, ɱ, ˼޴
Ůӣɻ˲ӣлȴһϲֱ˼
ûһѾ߹ˣ밲ˡ
֪ˡ
Ѿ£˼Щһȥ
Ҫʼô⼸ˡ
ȥʱʣĸĶϸɬŸտʼһΣҹˡ
ŵ޿
ûеóĽĲһֻȤ
֪Цһסˡ
һҲĿ⿴׷񣺡ˡ
ΪңǰŮһ뷨ûС
һЦ£˼⡣
лˣŮ
Цݸºͣù𣿡
ûءӸãƣŵӻػ
Ҳ׷ҡͷ
Ǿһ԰ɡ
лˣ˴ϲ׷ǰ
*
һ죬л̵ķΪȶ˵һ¾ͱ˴˽֪
뵱ԼżôĽ
һ״ԪɣһС㣬˶û˲κ͡
Ŷ̶꣬ЭˣŴµ˷׷ҡͷ̾Ϣ
Ϊܵľˡ
үãȻЩˣŮԼģΪˣҲ˸ܸͬܣϢҴҹ
ȿŮɫǰŴ˵Ȼȫûг׷ģʱһ֮࣬㲻˵ĵ˵ʲôܰô檰
¡
ңԼҲ£ŵҲлҪô죿
ң
ЦеڸС
ת̫죬˻һ£عڣôȥ
⻰˱Щԣ֮ǰûעΪˣϾδ֮ýңʲô
ɣĵΪɰ~
ڶݵ±֮ѸٷӦǲţҧгݵңҪգܹģ϶ϱɲǸģû׼Ѿˣ
ˣлǲҲе˼ʵشԹԵ˵ˣϴξ͸ÿģҵʱ̫ˣû쵰ȻϲȢ㣿Ļ쵰
ˣŵʱԼ˵Ҫߣл̱˵һѵġ
ʱΪŮãһˣģҸš
ȻΪ
û˷йеķŭķĬĬϲˮһڰɡ
˺ˣˣҲһ£ˮô
Ҵӣ˺ӣɥżɡ
ȿȡ˺ȻˮǺˣ𾪵Ŀ㵵ո˵ʲô
˵Ҫɥż
ˣѹ
ʣǲȻô룿鷳ҳԿңȻҲںҲл̵ĴҳеֻҪˣһøֶΪ
ԭԹԼ󣬱˵ƶʣûлһŮȲл̺ȢļңǰͷС檵ĶӶƴлôŮá
Ȼαأ
иֳɵ֣ŮˣҲټһŮˣĸŮлʧźӣԼĵˣһ
լ
ܵģ
ЩŮûоϵֻкϵ
Ȼ⺢лһĹѪ΢Ӧתһ룬лƤҲƷУĺӲ̫󣬷
˺ӣ˾ͲԲҪˣ˳ȫһл̵İ飬ټлôıɡ
Ůһ˵ͷתʱ뷨Ѿ˵ûˣһƬհףȺͻȥŶȻű𶯵ࡣ
ˣôˣүһ
˲֪ɿҡͷû¡
ŮǱߡүȻΪģɻǻᵣŮ
ЦЦ޷ѡ
ѵöعˡ
һԭ˵˸ɵĺ£ҪŮ֪Ӻγ֣һĺл̳ˣлûˣһУŮꣿ
ǡһУ
Ůô뵽һ㣬ôϲл̵ģ
*
ڶ
ǰһϣŵź
ڼл̲̫ȥܵί˵һ£ֻûãл֮ģֳĬĹȥˡ
ƫƫһ밲ʱ䣬ü仹мְġ
⣬Ҳûбġ
͵͵ȻϧĴͷɫ
ʣ֪飬ֻ۲ѣͬʱַǳ裬Ҫʼլˣ϶Ϊﱻү˯˲żʵģ
ǻȥˣ±̲ס˵ˣүΪβｿĿˣģֲǲС
ѲɡΪС㣿
˵ֵĲ²⣬Ͼ˻ΪŮӹס°һأպסڸС
һβ˵ùȥⶼڶˣ
϶ĵͷԣˡ
һ𾪵ĿôϲС㣬Ǻαء
ЦǲʹԲŻ飬ҪôϲαΪҵİȢң
򴽣鷿ķżԹޡ
лϧʹûл̺ĹϵʵҲھæϾлҹϵܺá
л̻򵥵һȢһ
úöҲͰˡ
ƫƫ¤ʲôˣּǹűŮˣ
ЦЦ⣬˽ˣû£ûûҪġ
ɻź򡣡
ţⶼ
ɿϵɫɻȥˡ
һ֮󣬼ɫԱ֡
ڱ˿̲סſ˵˵үǲǸû㣿
ɫ΢䣬ҪϣȻʶʲôĿ⾼ĶΪʲô⻰
ֶ˵£ô֪ģ
漴һź򣬳밲ͲԣʱöԷˣʣڶûблեˡ
ûҶ롣
¶Ȼ˵үҲûңֱ˯ϣҶˣϳ
ɫһˣȻǸеģһʱ֪ÿ޻Ǹÿˡ
ҲһɣֻүϲǡҧԸϣϾǱ߲˵ǰӲС𣿡
ôõģ°ͣаɣٵһ
ˣźһɫ֣˵ĳ׳ȥˡ
պ밲º͵˵ҲˣǱﻵˣǸûʲôأҶһˣý׼ǿԳȥɢɢģˣҲǻˡ
Ǿϲѣлˣ


151  151 
ȥģ
϶˲ͬĵص, Ǳ¹ܱģܳžѾĸĶˡ
Һ͵ҷ˲ͬҺ, ޷ģһӾͱںԺôĵط
Ǽܱų, ֱǶˡ
֮࣬˰죬Ƕһͬȥĵط̷˾һ¥
ܴŸԼڽ̷˾Ѻ͡, ҫǱƽ˶вͬɡ
ǳĽ͵ǡ
ǳлȵ, С, ֱӶ˸, һõŵ˾ͳˡ
Ҳ˭ܳĵλ϶ܵ͡
ͷ, ˶ǼƵˡ
̷˾йټһĿ, ֮, ط΢һ㡣
ϾкܶŮӶѹԱŮ죬Ҳкܶͬͨ˼ұ˹ȥġ
ڽ̷˾ʱ, ɺϵıֵһ, ־, , ʲôҪһ, αѡ, ˾վһ, ͷ
ѡеԼ
ﵱʱˣʱȥǰҫˣ˭֪Լᱻ˻ٲþһ챻ĸڡ
Ͼ˭ĸĸɷ檣
ΪãȻúܺãĸĴȣûе⡣
ĸоó
ԽԽǿģȲҪҫ
һţһʱӭӹȥŶԷ֣ЦݲõĲҪҪģã˵ҪúֺĸĸǺãڼţ׼ǳ棬ƼûӾĸҵģ
֪ùҪһ۲źã꣬һǰǰúãǲ֪ܲһֱȥ˶ӣ˵ĸ᲻ǲˣ
˸Ķš
ȴûŵҲû⣬ɫŹſˣû˵
ĲԣЩĵôˣᱻ˵˰ɣ
ҲǡҡҡͷСʵ
𣡡Դһѡ
ͷҡҡͷ˵ûʲô
Ӻ棬һֱ˹ϵֲֹۣǺֱĳ£֮˵©죺һûأ
𾪵죺ǰɣ
Ҳ죺ʲôû˵
ϺɸֵĵҪˣ˵һȥ㣡
巴۾ģﵽһԣ¶ϵӣЦ˵ұ֤˵Ը㡣
һ£ЭˣʵҼү٣
ҵ찡循һ
ͺļһȥɫ㱵ġ
иŶͬ顣
Ȼ̯ôһˣ
˺ѯʣҲǸģʶˣС˵ǲҪ˵
˵ͷһ˵˵˵
壺ʵǰǰ㿡ʵ״Ԫɲ٣
ˣ
ǻ㱵ԽԽ࣬ͬҲԽԽࡣ
*
磬ҪԳǶһҵĸ㣬³ȥ
¸մվŶӵĶһ¡
һ죬ɫѾˣҧأʶҪЦˡ
һһˣæĴչȥʣι˵ʵ״Ԫл̲٣
״ԪɿǸȴʣһ˵ǰʷǷòٹŮǣҶǵꡣ
Ϣ͸ⲻţļٵģܰɣǺСɻǰ»˵ССˡ
ƭ˵ģ˵˼Сð϶ҲĺܺãסŪ˸С飬˶Ŀ
Աһ˴չ˻ǰɣ
ʼ˵˷ǳ϶ĵͷ϶ǣȻôС㣬ӣһɷң
е
ʱһƺһЩ˹С˵ҿ˵Ҷ赣

˽Ծ׷׵㶼֪
˺ٺһЦմӽ̷˵ģǼﶼһϵɺˣ˲С
ԽԽݣʲôлƭ飬С㣬ƫƫԷ壬ú롣
Ҫǲܳɷ檵£
ԭŶ˷״Ԫɣģ
ٲ˵Ƹӡ
ث֣
²۵²ۣԵİԣĿɿڴ֪ԭԼСҪлÿȥͬ﷿⣿
ѹֵʱרЩͷ
ҪҪ򰡣֪Ѿǰϰһ
»Ц򣬶㣡
ա
һ´Ÿصл
һС֣ʣµ÷Ѿȥ͸ûһ
ԺҲҪլġ
ֻⱲҪתǲܵģ
ûˣ±㽫ոرһߣǷǳ£˵ʱˡ
ͷ
飬νַ޵״Ԫɣɷţ֪ٵ£ɲô
Ȼûѡǻġ
¼֮еӣп϶ЩСƻ֮ڣڴĲʵС㣬ǽʲô
ʲôͻݵӾͺáЦ
ʲôл̺л
*
лڼҹòҸ
ڼлңֲһܸлһ踺ءصˣлĲм¶÷ǳԡ
һ֬ζĻлؿۣΪٳּТĸлûôණѵΪȥ¥ҵǣ쵰
ǱͷֻۣȻᷴʱ򶼻һлϾŮһ
Ψн죬ֱȵҰ㣡ţԺлҿҵʱ򣡡
л͵ʲôЦҵܵʲôݣҪҵܵܰ㣬ܹԣ
ǵǲζЦЦѹ֪֪õܵܲ٣Ȣӣһ쵽ϱС޵ǵ˴ù
ʲôлľ
ǵһЦ˵ܵܲ٣ˣȫ֪ˣǽ̷˾͸¶ģȥһ赣ЦˣϽ취Ҹ㵽ԵĿ⣬Ҫҹ˻ԣԿǹһӸܵܡ
ܣлϣһУȫԸţ˵ҵܵǲҵϱǰСģ
Ǻߺߣ㲻ţΪˣɲл̻òǼŮӣ˭֪ǲ˸ϷС˳˳ģ⣿ӣ㶼ˣ
лɫ˱䣬ŭһһƫƫǵĻͷģ˵ˡ
ȻҲ˵Сֻ˵δ
˵ģ˭֪ǲģ
û׼Ǳأ
ҪлĲ٣ԼһδεЩˮˮǰˣƵַʽԼף
лֽűͷһûڣ
ˣǵİͦ뿪·ԼӺ˲
лıӰҧء
*
ڶȥлӭӵľͬĿ⡣
Ŀͬ黹Ĳм
Ūͷˮƫƫȥʣ˼Ҷȥ
ڵȵһ칤ûü˽龭ѵڸдʱлһԣѹʣܵܣǲǲУ
лյ˵
лĿ·ҪǷǿ˵ѣֻл̵㣬ֻв
㽫ŽɣƯѾһͣǳɣź㣬ʣƭңҪǲɡǲɢ檣Ժ㰲ַҶһӣ̸㣡
л̣


152  152 
л˵Ļûͷû, л̻ǿʲôٵ飬ֱлô¡
лЩԽԽ, ڼһʼֻһͨũңҪҧһûĶӣл̵׽޹ȥҲгϢ
ټ֮ǰڽ̷˾ܵӰ죬лҲû̫˼, ֱӽĺɷ˵Ļл˵ˣڴҶ˵㲻, Ҳǲ㣬ֻǵлҺҪ
⻰, лɫ£ʧ
л, ЩµĿ, ֱסıƣɫÿ
лЦˣû뵽ô£ҲҥԵĽûʲô, , Ȼȥչ˼ֶ, ҪٸֱӰҲû£
ĳɰԺҶӵġлæҡͷ, ٺǶԲԼ, , Ҳ᲻ýô, ˡ
ֱӺ磬ԵܵܵķȻ㣬߹Ѿߣ£Ȼ˵ҥԾҥԣ˲УԸ檣
лѻû˼ֻõͷ֪ˣߣ
лŷһЦѾߣ˵źӣҪкˣҸض㵱
㣡лҧгݵľ档
Ѿ߿ӣɵĲ˵
лӣ˵ĺһתȥ
ͷȴˣлֻŭû߷ߣЩԲģֻǾ㲻ģҲƣ
òԸܵ檣Ͻɼ
лκһ˱˵жЩֻǲ֮⣬رҪ˶ѾǰˣαҪȫȲ϶Էˣ
һ仰ӰѾߣԼ߹ȥһ߸ܼ˵ü
ǣܼҵͷС뿪
ӻܼҶܿ죬лûƽԼеŭ⣬欵͹
һ϶ֺõЦݡ
£л
±һ£ȫ֪룬л̵ɫˢˢһ⣬ѡʵ¡
лûǣֻҲЩ£ô֪ģ
ˣҲɫԾȫͷ˵
л̼˻ʲô֪ģܼ˵ȥһˣҲ֪ǻ˭ܴȥ
Ƕ
һû뵽״Ԫɿºͣʵֶ˿£
ģһŮĻ
Ǿ͸˾һˣ޵˾ңǲǹġ
ĳЦЦתлֱ̣棺Щҥԣα⣿
лɫѿûҥԣ˵ô࣬Ҳɰ˵Ƕȥ˵ʲô˭㵱ȥ˻
ЦǷɸ˵²˵𣿡
лһ죬ӣԼһϵеļƻıƣû˵˭Ὣ¸˵
û׼˼ԼأȻˣ㲻Ҳ廹ûãӳģź򣿡
ףȻл̲Լ񾭲Ҫ檣
ʣĸ͵͵˼룬ͱˣҪзţǾˣ
лһ˽ȥûҪҲϣδĺǴЩ˵Ķ
üжҲûУ˼һ£¶ΪѣҪļŮԸңȻְߣ棬ܻԸġ
лɫ΢䣬ĸԼһöԸң˿ⷢǺ˼ҵŮӣǾͲˣæ˵ã
ǽĸٴʵѵȻֻҥԣ˵˶ˣҲһ⣬㲻Ҫ檡ҲҪǵĻʵںǽ͵ġ
лüһԽֻͣҲ֪ҪƽϢҥԣΨӣⱲǶ̧ͷ˵ʵͿԡ
⻰˭˵Ψ˲ҾԲŹģ
л̳ĬƬ̣ѡЭƣͺá
Ǿɡ˵е㲻ȻȥϢˡ
Ȼ󲻵л˵תҲһĨ̵Цݡ
Ϊô꣬ԸˣֻϲҪΪлңȢԭ
ڲͬˣ
ϣԺӽˮˡ
*
һʱ俴棬ֽûʲôʧ죬Ѿ߹ϴ
źѾ֪л/ĹϵҲڣֱʣɾû𣿡
Ѿƺ֪⣬ٴУӵһµšɣЦûС
ŶȷˣЩ̫ˡ
ϵĲᣬ֮󼸸ϣױ̨һС⣬֮Ķǹأ˼
һСϲ
ϰˣûУ
ֶʵ˵һźţźŸʹǱ߹ҹҲûǣо糯֮ǰ
û͸ⲻġ
ԷʱСԼüΡ
Ѿ߶ȥɢɢһΣѾ߸ûһ㲻ȥ¡
ԼСˣһǿҵֱԾ
¹ԺԼҲƵûţɴѡš
ллʱ޽ĸۡл̣ȻΪ٣󲿷ֵطûװޣĸۡͦġ
˲ӲҲвСҰ
ֻǲ֪ߵԺҪҪȥкͼ˵˵ЦЦĳ
бӵߺЦ⣬˵䣬ĲһĨɫʮ
̫ɬɬĸоˣܾɫܡ죡
ʱǳתÿüͷʶһ壬ֻǺܿչЦС㣬˵ѽ
ȥûˡ
ﴽ߽ȥƺȲׯ·̨ͷһ̣ϻǹɵĺ㡣
šĵͷЦ·𣿡
ˡɫȻĵͷ
ʵˣĶл̣Ȼл˳ӡ
˸˱裬·һûãСӵ·ˣãˣ·ӣȻҲܿġ
ӣµ̧ͷһը漴ǻӼ·ҪһЩѹţ㻳˰ɣ
˵ʱ㲻ûУҲһֱûклͬ
ָţŵı󶼳һ
ȻǰǼ嶼ܺãкǿ϶ġ
԰ģһټٵЦݣԭûµģлûǣµġ
ҡͷ̵ЦһΪҪƳһЩϾҪҵͽˮˡ
ʲôһӰˣѸŭѹǺ죬ῴ
Ϊѹ˲εЦЦҸ˵Щһδ޵С
ȴˣԺֻǾ仰
ͽˮˡ
ˮˡ
Ѿ˵ֻ˷Żˮ򲻻ˮġ
л̡
û
ûӦԼʲôһвԼΪϷˣ
Ȼۣۣ·𱻶סˣܵòС


153  153 
֪Լô߳Ժġ
ѹĶ޷, ˶ˣһ첻ԲȣƲ֡
ֱٴһδ, һˡ
ˡ
л̣ứﶼȴûʸ˵ʲôֻίίĿޡ
ΪʲôҪǣ
ǿԲ
л̱˫ۿǱˣȻЩֱ, ֻǸεлֵ̣ܿ
ѹ, öԲ
ĸ׵ôлҵģ
ĳ뿴
Ůʹ࣬Ҳһֳ찡
˵һδԷл̻ڡ
ֱӻر, Խѹ, ԲԷʲôϵ˸ںɣ
лšü, ֱ°ͣתң
ĬĬᣬԸ̧
л̵ϣ·, ͵ؽջȥ, ͷЩ, 㲻ԷҲԣһٲ, ұ㷢һźѾ, ûźò㲻Էġ
Լԭ򣡡С˵, /̧ۿ, ôÿǶ·λúһĨɫָ׹εģ
ӲдֻѾߡл̵
æĿڣҳԣ
ԹԻصԲǣ¶ȸպȵһһڳ£Ա˾һԣɫĮš
Щ⣬иţҲȥ˼ʲô
ֱ꣬л̣̽Ҫѯʣġ
˵ȴѾվԺúóԷҪǶˣû׼Ҫ⣬лҿⲻ𣡡
ŶŶ~ԹԵͷĿȥͱ˱񣬿һֿſյ룬¶һĨɬӵЦݡ
ѾڰĴչС㣬ѹˣүںģҸү˵һûԶͷ¹ˡ
˸õЦݣҪϢˡ
áѾ߸Ͻźϴ
һֱĬֱڴϣ컨壬ȴٳ޷˯ţԼҪʲô
л̱ˣǾͲý˱Ůˡ
ֻԼõĴ磬һʼʵͲùģΪѳĽ
Ҳ뿪ˣ
ţһ뵽뿪ʹ̣һܿ쵶նˣһ۾޷֣ƴ˵Լʵûʲôýģ
лֻʣлһˣô˵ҲҪӣ㲻лܵΪлҿ֦ɢҶġ
ԣû
ֻǵڶ죬лȥһ﷿ܵǰһڣֱӵ¡
*
ڶҵµӡ
һ磬˵ε£ķԸҴԼԼͬʱ˼ŽҪ¡
ԭ䣬ӵһϡ
ΪʺճӵкܶĲͬʮ꿪ʼ볯ִϻۣʮӭȢҵĵŮֻҪ£ʹʵ۲¼ɣλҲ˳µġ
ĳΪӵ˶ֽš
ӵĸǻʵ۵ĳԭֻһʹŮȴֱȲӣϰߴߵֲͣԼλϵȱݡ
ûʵ۳谮ʵȴĳûָأȴòٴ󳼵׷档
ʱӵãҪԼˡ
ԵӣʵԵľӣΪһ򰮺̡
ƫƫҲùģʵۼɵӲ٣Ҳ϶Ǽ̳ˣһ£ΪֱɷֱӱȦˡ
֮ĵҲû̫ϸΪʵ۱ˣ/ಡ齣
ӭӹҶٷˣЦݺͶԷѡ
ѹŽڳڶС㶼Ѿˡ
ԭ㹻ãܵ˵ЦΪҲǺܳԿģԭʶһЩǵзѵСͬˣ޵ñߣͻ
ڣиЦŹлˣտг˵Щʲô
⼸ǰ״Ԫл̲һֵ÷з˭˵һ죬ʵ˸ǲˡ
˵ôˣҷܸȤЦе
λЦݶʱסæյҡͷ˵ʲô
ûʲôЦЦһΪҪء
Ƿ׺ˣû뵽ֱ׵˵ʹû˵ؼۣҲˣ
ˣҲ˵
˱ʵ޷ڣһصԼλϡ
˿Ӿ֪ûǱֵãһ㬵ӡ
ˣ֮ǰǾֺãǲҪϽˡ
̯ϸٵɷ򣬻Ҫ檳Լһ£Ѿùˡ
ע⵽˿Լɫͬ飬ⶼŪģҲ᲻˼˸λ¡
뽻ʣ̫鷳ˣֻһĽĹѸ
Ϊӡ
ֻô
ȻǲֱӼӵģǰ٣ͬű׹ϵ϶ҲùǴ΢͸¶һ㡣
ܿῪʼ׼ĸֺóԵĶˣһڻУٷ˻ҵﱧ˿˵ġ
ԭϵ⽫йԼҶӣ˲ϲ
ЦˣСӱĸߺصλãѾߣӺôû
ѾЦѾˣбǱߣΪ岻̫ãûй

ˣʲô𣿡Ѿѯʵ
û£ɿҡͷбǡ
߸òԶһԺһԺѣǱ߶еĶŮҲü
*
ϯ룬ǰ뿪Ѿߺ˵һ뿪뿪·ӿбǱߡ
̽￴˿
ʱɫʹ⣬ԵЩڣվǵһûиС˹ܰԭй
ԭ϶ˣԭ̫ԭ֪
˭ýôɣû
ƻϲϱ仯
һԵͳҪʲô
ѸٻͷͼԶĵطһһµվǣһ˫ӥ·ǸʲôΣ
Ӱ¶ĲĿζϣɫҲ˼͡
Ŀվǵĸоͦһѵصֱ
˻Ѹٵֳͨһ¡
ĿЩɣڱ
ЦС
ˣͷԽҪȥǰæͨġ
ҲֻǾ·ʱȻ϶
ӵСӣͬʱҲǻʵ۵Ľָʹʮʱո¶ͷǣһҪȡƫƫƾû٣ʱʵѡһͷȥ
̶ʱΪָʹֱʵۣҲǻʵӼλ֤
˾ӵģ
ΪԭĻӵǻαɱصһβ㱻ɱ
ֵľȵ۵ĽǣɱҪȫ˺ѣǴµףˣԼȴˡ
˱׵ܵ
֮лʵ⣬׵õã׸֮
ϳΪ䣬Լʱӣһ㲻һͨĹӸ硣Ӵо֮ɫ䲻ǺĲҲû˴
Ψܴһ·һʣһûʱ򣬳Զ
ӣһ
ԷɻĻͷ˶٣ʣ£
һЦ˵ͨˣͷ˵һǧҪ
ͫ𣬽
ҵˡ΢΢ת뿪Ҳٷʡ
վס
²ˡ
˵ڸλ˾Ĳأؿһ¡
첽ǰ׷Ҫס
˭ָ֪չȥδͱһĨסͫ𶯣Ȼһʱס
һһ⧲ת˵ڵϣϻǴ㵵ġ


154  154 
¹Ժ
ҹ, Ψڵķ͵͵Ŀ
˯ţһ֪лһû˯, ڶһ̼ܵ, ֱˡ
һû, ڴϻƫƫһ, Ժ˺ͱŮܵĳ
ܵ˯, ǵ, ʹѾߣʹѾٲԸ˵ı, ʵش, лȥһ﷿
һֱޣ޵֦ͷܣʱû, ͷϣ۾ˡ
лĬĬؿ, ļɬдżַйĿ, ˵Ůǰ޳, ð
ֻŮǼʹ, ҲɿƲסϲˡ
᲻ѹزÿ춼ҪΥԣһԼ, ɽŸһ
, ̾Ϣһ
һµĶ, ñνסͣˡ
Ϊοޣл̵
˼Ĳӵסӣֻ¶һ˫ͮͮ۾ûʲô
㲻ȥǱߡл̸ɴֱӸˡ
ĬĬ¡
˾˵˵ҲҾˡл˵Цһ£Ҫˣ϶⣬һ
⻰ǰҲһ֮ǰ£ţҿ
лҲôš
˽Ƭ̣лЩ֧Ųס
ÿîʱ͵ȥǳĶ࣬˱ֲɣܽˣֻԼ
ϻ⼸϶ڣҲۡ
ڴҹģǰҹո㶨ȴʼշĲǹЩˡ
л룬˹õв㲻˵Ҿˡ
ˣͻӿհˣֱ˵л̻ŽеĻҲҪŮˣ㣡
л̹Цˣߣ
˶٣ͷ
ʷ£Ѿ߲һ죬ĬĬԶ˵㡣
*
ʼ
ٶʷڼʵ۶˺öʱ̩񰲣˸ֶչüá
ɽ嶼иֱ
֮أϾҲݵλһַʽƷ֣ıҪĻ
Ҳϲż˵˭Ӻãνʱȵı
ʱڽһ
ֻղ̫á
һЩС㶼޵ĿżڵĵطɫŹִżֿϷӡ
һ֮ǰǣԼĴִɫףչ˵üã׳Ľ˶ߴһĿ
ǰһڻʵǰõĽ֮ǰΪҪϤһֱûó
óˣʱȻ
¼жˡ
һôõƷ࣬ʲô
ĽʱӾ͹˵Ҫһ¸ʴ͵ı
ǳĿ󣬵͵ҪʲôʲôҪ󣬼оܾʱ
ҶΪӻͬʱӱܾˣ
Ҿܾ÷ǳϡ
ԾˣɫŻ˵Ҫһϸ£ξԲ䣡
ȻӦ¡
ڻ׼Ҷűʼ
ȴںСӵ˵
ΪʲôҪܾ
ΪʲôҪ
һ£Ƥ𪣬/ȴԵʮ걻ţԳһϣֻ³֣ȱ
ʧЦҡͷСӹϵãҲԷ䵭̬ȣʵμ𣿡
μӡͷ
ҵɡӵ
ʹǰѾǽָʹӸλУӵĵܵܣҪչ˵ˡ
ٲμЩȻҲûר׼ԼҪ´˵ԡ
ȴҡҡͷá
ӵ٩㳤ôÿҪƢãҵϱˣŰɣʱܸһ¶¶ôʶһ£Ҳֹӣӣ
ʶġһ䣬Ůһĺ̶ʱϳ˭ǵԼʶԷģȻ£ˤʱʹǵһ
û壬һ䣺˵ʲô
ûʲôҡҡͷĴ˸Ƿ·һҹèӱȰ𴲣òҪҪģãҾ档
˵ϻǾܾӣٶԡ
*
ˡ졣
˹ȥϣҲţǣƥƷ಻ߵ棬Щȵ̫վƺںڰЩӦ˵ۣעߵӡ
һֻ֪ǰһĶֵصĴʱҲͦõģչ˵͹ˮûӵÿ
ˡţʼ졣
ļѸٷ𣬡žһ£ɿȥ
Ǳ߸ǣž/ž/žü£޲ö£ܱȱܿ켸
/ʹ£ܵȷʵҪֱܶ࣬ðͷܵͷ
ˣɫʧ棬Ҳɿǰ׷ǰͷȥ
ȴԽԽ죬쵽Щ˼
ɴһЩ뵽Ů˵ĻѸٻͷͣȥ١
Ӽˣٶ
ҲãȻͣ£ǻ׷֪ʲô
ʱܵʹûãһͣʼҵԱ߿⣡
Ȼһȴɢ
̵ģأȻһûУʣһˣ
ʱһмӸһɤӺȱӣ
ǸȦȦȦΪֻȦСһʼߵľĵʱֱʣһʱתм䴩պü˺֮ǰµĲࡣ
֣
ĸҰֲͱ˦ȥˣôٶȣˤȥҪ£
ƫƫʱƺʼͷи߸ӣҪ˦ȥ
ҽڴʱ
ӵԶ˱ţĵĿ
ʱѾ׿ȻϣһֿճݵĲУӵĺԼǰ
ñܱһɣҪײ
ѾʹһͷǷײˡ
ûˣѵȺȥ
ߣڵһϢӱ̧ߣСҲŵ׷׻صϢӵһʱûˣҪǳˣҪ˯鷿ˡ
ĥƤˣƲһĥƵĵطɫ΢䣬Ͻ̫ҽ
ջ֣Բ͵û£Сˣò̫ҽҩ
˵ŴӻóõҩۣԼͿĨ
Ӵ˴׼ôȫҪ֪ӣµĲٿߡ

ƺЩ뽫ҩȥЦЦùҩͿһʣؿ˵֮ǰɣ
С˵ġ
С㣿ӻһ£˵ĸС㻹ǡ
С㡣
һС㶼ˣǵýлˡ
䣬ӿǱҩһֶһ£ҩġ
µô֪ģѲɷ͸¶ģˣɷǰ״Ԫл̣㲻ھǼˣ֪ģҼǵ˸ƺߵͦġ
֪Լȥʣ˵ô࣡


155  155 
л
´Ӽǻ, üͷšСѾȥ󣬵˵С, үû, Ѿˡ
͸үˡ
Ϊ˲лѣץҩл̰, ǿĳΪǰԤ֧, ʱ䳤ˣͻ¶
Ҳ, ⷽƽʱܿ졣
ĵȻڿҩЧ˫Ӱٴס, ͺɻЩ, йˣ
²룬ǵãһлܵǰ˵Ļӡ̣˾Բǻǵġ
л̲ˣֻܺӦѾɲһˡ
, ˵ùܡ
ȺѡɲǺ, ûҲͰ, ˾ǰ, ö, ûлȴ, ôܣ
, ֮ǰ, ֵʱ, ˾Ȼֱ»ݣ
̵סڶʾ󣬳һˡ
¸ո㱨źлȥ鷿飬ͶԼȥ
ϣ鷿ֱӽˮˡ
δլĿɿڴ
ȻС˼
ϧл̡
ҪЦһ£ȻݶЩ˶٣Ц˵ʲôֲ»ݣԼ嶼ܳܲסջģϢɡ
´͵ĵͷʵǽҹģҲһֱע鷿ǱߵСѾ߹ʱȲ
ڷˣҲԼС֣˳䣬š
֨һҲûбˡ
򿪴һתĹǰͶһӰ
ӡ
ۣ·ڿǸʲôӵģֻһȻ£Ŀһ˲Ͽ΢죬ѹ磬Ҫ»ܾԼ㱻
ŵ죬ʮ𾪣Ȼ
Ĭһ£˵ô֪
ָָ鷿ķһĵ͵ģҾòı£Ҫͨ籨š
üͷšҲſǱһۣʱҪһѾڸ˵鷿£һʱȣڷŪһЩ
һ£˵򴽵˵лͨ籨ţ㡭Ըл٣ҾÿһҪʲô
ƺ˽ֱ˵һң͢һֱȥɳٳû£һºûҵлȥ𣿡
ˣ
ؿ
¶һĨõЦݣҾⲢһѵ£ӦòܾɣҾոˣӦ֪ҵ⡣
ҪҰֱӽ𣿡ĬĬƳһۣԻԾһ㡣
ЦøˣǸˣ˰
ԭǴԼֵģȻ˴ͣǴˣûɲͬ⡣
ͷá
˶٣˵ȴ˵һֺ󣬾ûˣЩɣѵҪվþã
̫ðɣ
ˡ
ĬĬ˸Ƿ̧ӻһЩ¶һذϸֱۡ
Ҫ˵ȻϽٴŲĿ⣬Ϸ֪ʲô
Ƿܿ죬־ͷȥˣҲûע⵽£ŷһΪϲʲôҲ̧ͷ
ֻǿһǿյģЩΣҪһˡ
ǰ˷·ˣһ˵˵ǻƵ֪ͨһô١
һЦе
΢ǺÿЦϣŲ·˵ȣ¸ǡ
ߡͷ
һ΢ĶٿȥѾˡ
˸Ƿϴת뿪
*
ڶ
л̻صʱѾˣɼʹˣü仹ع֣
С˿ţһƬ糺죬С˵үѾˡ
л̻̫ˣ˭һģȥþ𣿡
С˿ĬĬԺ
Ϳӡ
С˻֪⸮Ůˣ˼һʱϻ̳Ͽֵˣү鲻ãȥ˵ơ
֪ˡĵͷɫƽˮ·ûֻǳ˸
С͵͵˿ûͺãС˵үСͻԺˣ
Ϲǣһ֣ȥ֣﷿ɣúź򡣡
Сסˣû뵽˶չˡ
Ǹոյ֣ϲЦտһȥл̣һ߶лˣһúչү
ĳ
ǿɲ÷ʧˣһҪӡ
֣ĵллڱصõɫ¶һĨЦ⣬ס
ûϵյҲ˭ˡ
ΨбŮ˶ŵл̣ʹģǸо˱䣬һ¡
֣оˣл̵֣Цݲãүˣ㣿
С˵ͷԹߡ
*
ϢȻݲʵˣֻлһ½ǣһŮˣᶼˣٿɫŵЦ㣬ûס㣬ôｫأ
ƫͷƳһۡ
һۣԹ˾ţԼһ£Լһ㡣
ԴӺлһٲҼ㣬ιѾ˵л̺ˣһʱż
л̲ź鷿ˮһû˯춼˲˯š
Ҳ֪лûС
ίòУ͵л̻Լˣĳɣ˭ֿ֪˵һĻ
Щһ޲ðл̲˳Եͷȴǽл̴ߣ⡭ҵŮݿɲͣΪδŵһ
΢䣺
ɿҡͷЦȻûУҡֻѹ
Ŷ˸ޱĻӦֱ뿪
лβˣӦǸʧˣѵˣĻӱǸݰûʲô²Ӳ£ԶԶֲλ
΢㵵Ŀһ㣡
ȴû
ҧҪίһ£ȴһЩż˷ȵζ
ɫ΢䣬ҲϽ뿪ˣĴ䵭˺ܶ࣬Ѳɡ
ص¹Ժ£кȻӦ
ˣڽסôãԸȥǸǶõ˰ɣ
Щ˿Żô֣
Ҳܹ
СʱԼл̹ϵãǺģҪлѣлôȢԼ
ûĬ˰ɣ
ֵţȻֻһңɵĸý㣬ڸһԼĸˡ
лϲԼ
ҪԼ޷ЩôԴ
뵽⣬ʼ١
ûκĳлңЩƲˣ
֮ǰһֱҼ㣬±¶ˣ֪ˣҲΪԼЩˣ


156  156 
л鷿
ߵһε, л̵˼·ֽֽżĳУպīд˼, ˵
Ц߽, ﻹһ벹æ
šл΢䵭ĻӦһ
Է治, Ҳδޣϵ, ѾõԼҪõˣλϵ˾Щϲˡ
Ҳȫ, ǰһɵ, Ǿͦõġ
ڷҪչԼͻݣŮ, ƢЩˡ
Ȼô䵭ԭ򣬻;˳
֮ǰѡĻӣΪǸʺ, , ¾Բ, 鳼ݺл, ҪŽҴӻλӡ
ǰγ, Ļӵ˻ʵ˼ļơ
ʱ, ͸óȥ
˭֪ǵ˺ò׸ӵҩ, ΪƢ, Իӻ, ºͿݴҲܾ
ƫƫܾˣµӣ׼ݺ˾ӣָ֤ӡ
˭ôɵʱĳһ㣬ҪҶڣӾûˣôԼģ
Ǵˣ˵иԭ黹ڵ顣
岻̫õĻʵҲû˳£²أͣͲǰˣǰҲʱ䱻鵽һĻӱǾˡ
Ķǰһӣʵ۲Żļ˲顭
Ҳл̵䵭½£ˣΪȵɣ
ⷽл̻ǺܸӵģȣڸмãȺȴֲ̣֮󣬸ɴֱ
룬ɫһ㣬ζãˣ𣿡
ոչʱ滨Ժ˵ﲻҪ鲻࣬ȥһ򰲷ݣᣬҲǣ޹ҡ
лܾ
Ʋ߻ûơ
ǰѾˣл̣ĵſ
װȥȻҪ˵ƶʣݲˡ
лҪܾ˵ȻһʱûܷͱƳ鷿
л̣
͹ȥ˵Ҫ˶õġ
ˣлֻߣֻǶԴĸйԽ죬ңȻɷǱƣ
ţعʱѾԺӡ
һ£ѵŵѾֱӾϲүˣ
лüͷ壬߽ȥ
һȥûܳˡ
˶ؼлֲûﻹ̵ס
ҹлȻûȥǡ
ڶ˵л滨Ժһ/ҹ緹ûԡ
ٵȥˣû׼ĺĶˣ
*
ȷлûд滨ԺõľͲŸˣ²ҹȥ˯Ӵֽʣл̺鷿Ķһ顣
ֻǲд֣һǲ΢Ķ漴һЩϤɷơ
ͷҲ̧Цл佱
쵽ˣһٺǺ벻ӦɴĬվһԡ
дٶȺܿ죬һֽϾдĶֵݸԱߵˣֻڷűʡ
ֽ֣־ģһĨϮһ֮ǰüһֶʱɿֽƮƮ¡
ͷͿЩ㶵ӣֱֽż·ϣˣ
һǸֽš
Ѹٺһ˵ȻϲˣֱӺ룬ǲ㣬õ°㣬ϾΪ¡
ڰֵȲ롣
֪ˡһ䣬򿪴ֱȥ
գۣغˣֱ/˯
棬շǽȥԺǽפƬ̣ϢתƹһڣԼŸҪȥͼĲһƽƽѵȺ
ŵĳͷ˵һѾ˳ţһԴðżЦ⣺Сӣ⼸ȥˣ
Ŀ룬ת
ӸϽιõĶأ
㲻˵Ҫ𣿡ʡ
̯֣㶼ˣҪײҪ
Ͱ͵ֽȥ
ӽסչ˿Цת䣬꣬Ҫ˵ʲôֱֽȥˣһΣ˵˼ҲȢġ
޹ء
аɡʼ磬˵Ļˣ㽫֤͹ȥɣǵñ̫ҽ
ףá
˵ȷû˵ˣתݣĲһ㶯Ӳ϶вҹ˶ûв
ӹţ뿪棬Цһ£ҡҡͷСӣȻͱ˲һ
֮ǰҴС㱻Ұż޸ʮ֪㱻ºҲһ£ὣ嵽Ӹ
ȥ󻹲ģҪڡ
ԹȰ˵ȻԺҲǵҶ١
ʹɪѡһйӵܲһĵ·ӾȥΪʵ۵һѵָɱģ
ΪľлȨĻ޲˲ٿء
*
һл̱ﹴߺ̲סˣ˶˯º󣬶Ժӵš
ԭԼģκôţ
û취ֻ͸¶ˡ
¹Ժ̶һ·ŵһѺɾˣԺʱĺҪͣˡ
ܿű򿪣δ˯µʵС㣬ʲô£Ҽҷ˶˯ˡ
ֱӼƤΪŲԾȷʵҪºͽ˵˵
˯ˡ³ѵ
ˣЩżܾˣӡ
ºһ뱻ԥţƺˣһСѾ߹˵˵С
ϲҲ˲ʲôֱܡ
¸ں棬ͼ嵽䣬üͷšš
ѴҡҡͷҪ˵ôżܹ϶Ҫ飬;͹ˡ
㡭ϸһ¡
ǳЦôˣ
ţһӺˣ׻ЩѾǣС㣬ܲѾ£
˸λ£һֳ°ͣܣ㻹ʲô£
ˣͷźСѾߣԼĬĬ£ա
ҿ֪ܶˡ
Ҫ׿˵Ǹⲻ˼Լѿ
Ҳô
˵˵·𶼸޹ء
뷽跨Ŀл̣ϣ˿ɳһЩСѾײл̷ںԺ˿
Ժ֪ٳٲΪĹҪϴ
ҲȲȥˣ
һڵϣ㣬ҡ
ʲôͻȻ͹ˣѲ˶Բҵ£ȵ˵°͵ֶûÿ
ЦĿ˸ͷ˵һ·֪Բ㣬ͽ򡭡㺣Ѿ˽򡣡
˵öҪɤ۱ĳˡ

ҲӦõģӦû֮飬һ·ɣ
ҪĵǸˡ
ȴǰŴ˻ŮӻɴȻ󼤶վһһ˵ģŵ˵ʲôѾ򣿣
ˣû뵽ӦӦ֪𣿣
ȻΪһСӣڽסôãǸסһԺ
㡭ЩţѵĽͣҶԲ㣬ֻѡ
𣿡Ȼʡ
Ǻҡͷ
̵Ŀ̱ΪԼ嶼Ʋס㲻𣿷ǵˣడ
˵ҼˣĬĬ㣬Ҵˣˡ
ĮȻˣҾ͸ԭȥǰڰɡ
ֵͣĿ
ң
ңΪ
˵ΪŮǼ˽µģ
ⲻҪ𣿣


157  157 
ų, ɵġ
һ塣
Ϊж꣬ҹʵϿΪüܹһֱȥ, ֦Ҷï֮󣬻Ҫ޼֦Ѿ
үֳ, ΪΪѺõлҵ, Լ, Ψүֳȥˣ, , ûֳȥ
£ֻΥ, һ˽顣
ֻǰ, Ȼᱻͷٱ޽ѵ¡
ص˺Լ׽㣡
ΪŮ, ݱ͵һأһֱܺ, ΪŮ, ෽, ĸ֮Ŀ, ȻһʼԭĿΪл̣Ҳʮ, ³ҡ
ֻҪĲһ򵥵ر
¿϶ǲܴ, ΪҪ, ԭҹϵʮܡ
ʱһپһǱ, ҲӣСӸһȥŮǸ޴ˣûϵʣµĽòΪһ˵Ĵ򵥡
˵Ҳʲôû⡣
Һܻܿѡһٺ͵ϼңܻԺҲһӱڴϣ޷κӰϵ¡
һģֱˡ
һĮԭͽ͵͵һ𣬺ΪңһȻܺԭΪ෬ıֹܼȨΪеڶŮˡ
һҲܶᣬȴŲߣɺͽϵȻôϲΪ㣬Ȼóȫˡ
ϼǲǲɢһˣ
ԭֻһС㣬õҲЩСѾߣС¿ԣֱĨȥһ˵ĴڣͷݻصлңЩΪˡ
ֱ֪ҳ֣ʡʱʡ
ԭܵίҲǿԺʲô֮ķԷæǡ
ڴϹģҲʡȥȴʱ䣬ֱ˰ôעĿҡ
Ҹĸ˯ŮҹĶǾˡ
ȵŮҪ˶űķȥүүҲ鷿
˶ˣ˵үүˣ̱ģڰʱǰǰڵԭ£ΪӸл̣
ˣ
±ƹĿ⿴ɫ
̵ĬĬᣬлں޲ѣԼΪҪ˵֪µĵزԼ
ˣ
һβҲˣ
֪˻̲ס㣡㻹ңǲΪȫһ˰
үүһͨ죬û뵽ҹıСĸС
常ɫ࣬϶й
䣬ȥ϶귢үСĽΪԼָ鱻׵Ҫ󿴼ڵϵŮ¶ãȻ
ү̽ĺһ
үүҲǴ£
үϹ£۰Ͱ͵磬׷ʲô£
ŮǲǾͽһˣǵúԼҽһ𣬿ҵŮ
үŭʱĶó޵ģ׵ţɪɪ˵ʲôĿͷҴˣˡ
֪˸Ҫ°үܻ
ҪѴһҵ
ԺԼҳʲôˣǻ᲻Լ
үˣһЦԼ£Ҫ־͹ˣҲģھͶϾϵ϶ûӣ
⻰ס˽һֿ޵øˡ
׵ˣļҹ£ˣ
үүɫһЩ϶ⷽͺãûٿúӣίˣ£ǻһΪ˼ãֻԼˣɺãл̣˿ô롣
үү֪лöδˡɵĻش𣬼үүɫԽˣ˵Ҳ
үүһ㶡
ϴαһŮһڣµˣü
ЦЦֵȻϲл̣Ǿһֻݡ
Ժ˵һУ޹ء
һԭʼ᲻öԸл̣ڶּֿ֪֮࣬ų׶лʧҲ֪ԹŮ¡
лգҵ³֣ͺˡ
һΪΪԸл̵ΪǸ⣬һѡ
Ȼô˳ˣ
Ѿˣȴôһ仰ϲŷڵϳͷл㣡л㣡
үүüȷ
ȷЦŵͷ뿴Ƿѡ⻰̧ͷҪˣ㣬ϣǺͺ
̧ͷƯգһӱԼδ˲
үүһۣǵͷá
*
ԴΪɣ˶ʮӣ̵ү
Ϊ˱ⱻ֪
ͬʱҲΪ˼׼
没һܼ
ǿ̫ˡ
ѾѪ죬̧ʱ컹δҹصлҡ
ˣѾ԰ҹͻΪɶ˵Ŀڣԭǻ˵ģڻҪһ㣬Ͼֱ֮ӿ谭˵ķչ
Ϊʱ仹̣һûлУ˵ûüУƣȻҲС
ͦõģӵһϲ˵Ѫͳɲһﶼ˵ĺӡ
ûִл֪µѾС˶Ը˵
ӻлһظ͸оʲôԾġ
챾Ҫȥ¹ԺֻΪûܹȥЩεģȻӵеŮͦģ߻дһѾߣеλǲһ
Ϊ˱⣬һлֱϢһȥ¹Ժ
ȴյģչѾ߼͹ڵϣСȥһ˷֮ûˣ
лпһ£ʶԾΪݺݺ࣬;˳ķڣ˲࣬ĳЩΪϹڷˣĪʲô
лûж˵ʲôֱתȥԺ
ʱ֣һԴʺƨˣԽԽÿˣ
ڰ֣ûá
л̵𣺡Сأ
̧ͷЦŶðȾ񼲣³£ҹͻؼˡ
лɫһ䡣
ʲôܸȾôͻȻ˵˽飬߰ˣҼҽԣҪ˵ͻȥʱ˵ʲôҪ⣡
л£ǰúõأôȾ񼲣ǲʲô
ֽţҪǲţֱȥҪҲһ
Ȼ֪ˣл΢У
ЦһɵӵӣôĿŵֲϹ֪ܲ
Ҫ־͹ңлЩգɻΪŵ˵ģûϵϽء
žһֱּֿӴϣжĻһ/ԼǼɬܡ
л̴˴漴Ĩ˰ŭˣ
Ūҹôֲˣ
л̳Ĭһ£ҧгݵʲô˼֪Ĳԣ֮ǰҲûԲ㣬Ψ£Ҳãô࣬Ҳһαء
ž
ž
ҹл˵ȥˣǱִ̧򿪣ʱһƿֱӱ
л̣
ɫ䣬ٲҹͣѸٺˣ˳Ժӣû֮ǰľӶ˷ܻҿǷˣ
ǵʱҲæȻҲûĳԶٿ࣬׺ļƣȻмܲ
ҿǲҪӶĿ̹ǣл̣סĻ
лɫɣѵĸ˵ˣ
ֻ˵Ϊλôƽ
ܵģҲܷųĳţǺˣɼ꣬ĻʧܣֻҪҵµҲΪҾ
ûԼҵǰɣһȥ˷ˣ


158  158 
ѡļﶼҲͦõ, лҲû⣬ԭδǲ뺢Ӵԭ
ȻүЩ, 뷨׵ֲжϲÿκԭзЩʩ, ԭ޷С
²ǰٷ֮ٳɹģԭйһΡ
⺢ǲǸԼϲֲ
Ȼԭû˵, ʮа/кһ¾ˤ, л̵֡
û£ڲҪˡ
ҽ, ﻳк, һʱ俴Ӵˡ
һ¡
Ҳ, ǲлԼǰˡ
лȻȥ, ˷˶Σհһ£
ȷݵεǻʵ, εӣȥĻӰæ, Էϳ,
ĻȻѾŭ, ֱ鷿ſָı޳СˣѾ⣿ѹ²˳, ϶쵰
ҪǶԷѾڻʵţĻǷŭ, ƶ뽫
лµĴĻӸ, ֪ô£
Ĺȥ˷˿ɲʲô£
ɴѾûת, ĵ
˰Ԫ, ұԺ죬Σպ󣬾ͱһѾߣظУл̵ǰ
ղ֮ǰĿ˵СʱѾһϢˡ
ɲܷŹģ̵үΪŮ۵ԼҲᡣ
ʮȻûְӿ£̶Ҳٲȥ˴öˡ
л̿ԲϯʬһŮˣͷʹ֮ǰǨŭڴʱʧ٣ֻۺͷŭ̫ˣ
ٴμɣҪִ̧һʮ޷̧
л̸ϽסַԼձߣ֣и޵ҧ
Ϣǡôһ䣬΢΢һЦʹɣ
л̴żԹ޵Ŀ
µ񻹳ʲô֮䱾ûˣҲװ
ֻϧǼûɹδ٣ûкҿ
Цݸ֣֪Ϊʲô𣿡
лҧгݵΪʲô϶˵ˣ
ȴҡҡͷĵ˵ģȻʵһԲ˳Ҷѣ˭ں˵ˣҪ㣬ô
кιϵлҲûķ
ȻΪܲס°ˣҪֻù㣬ʹɣҪҪл
л̱˵߷߲ѣȥŭһ

лæͷֻԼŬ죬³֣ҡҲ֡㣡
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һ뿪һԺŶˡ
Ȼϣ͸ֲ˳л̺˵ƣ﷿ȥ
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ѾСǱ߷үѾ˯ˡ
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ⲻȥĵһԺӣǵ²뿪
㣡Ժûлٴκǳһ
٣ľ˱һС˷ţ˽ֱЩűԶ
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лɫ΢䣬ŵɫ
΢ͬ⣬ſԴǣҲͬ⣬Ͳ𣿣
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о⻰ֱǽԼڵϲȣδִܵлֱ̼Ҫըˣ
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ܺãν˷һҪúóıѾüޣݲõ顣
λˣӣ
뷨лЦúãһϡ
л̱ôһѣеķŭˡ
ת뿪ȴû鷿Ǳߣʹл͵ѾߣҲһ
ԭѾûҪŵ̫ˣûһеģҪʱʱĲӦס
һ󣬸ֶһ
Ϊûû촫պһĲٴμأлһҡ
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ںܿ͵˽˷˳ӡ
鼯룬л̲ΪĻǰŭ
ΪһиҶӣզһҿ֪ܲһ֪ˡ
Էʮ걻ѡν˽ԴھûϢ˶Ѿ˽ָʹΪİ֣˷˻
ΣտǴ󽵵ˣ
ѹĻôǺԵһɣֻʲôʱǱȥˣ
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ʹйܼչˣʹСѾź򣬿ɸطѾʱ¡
ﶼл̿ص⿴˳ۣż϶ù
ҪСţûлԼĴڣҡ
ϵĲ˳ۣڴл̻ӡ
һڴ
ֻҪл̻ˣеˣ±Ȳܲһ͸۸ˡ
ԵϢ˶ˣÿڸ¥۰Ͱ͵Ŀžſڵķ
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һû˵
ǵģⲻл̣
ڵǰѾڣл̰ðˣ/˽ѣл˸Ͻţ
һ仰һɥӣˡһͷ죬ͷͣ޷
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159  159 
ج, ֱһڵϣֱ
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̧ɫΪͷΪ׵һɫࡣ
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ԱѾ̤ţʱĶͷۣ̾ҹܼҾϸ
˻ͷһЦ
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Ψʱһ͸ˣ
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һҲһɱ̫ˣ᲻÷ţֶ̿ա
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ҪļˣӾͲʺϼˡ
һϢһʱԺȥҪõһʱپȥ
ЦǰģҴǻģֻҪңǾܻúúõأ治ҲԴҸš
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Ϊл֪һҪִ
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лɵʲôʱ
лֹô󷽵͵Ѿ߱ﲻ
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ͬʱҲ䲻ŵˣС˰ףС̡
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պôһ仰΢㣬ϴˣɲҼǰʱȾȥǷ·ϼ
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á
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ĸоڳԼ
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ոǰû˼
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˳ţʱһǲ΢ĶһɫӰӳϡ
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͡ӣûסЦ
Ȼͣ˽ͣӣεЦЦȴû˿ŭ


160  160 
˸, ͬʱίĻؾĳЩʾĳ˺뿪Լ黹ͦõġ
ǵڶ˵л̾ѹһ, һյʱֻ˯ˣ͸ˡ
ƣˣҪҲ̫硣
Ϊˣ¶˼
ֱ¹ԺѾ߹˵, үҪ㡣
ڵ㡣
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СѾʰߣŲĸš
С㽫лãɲ˵ģΪҪ
ܿ¹Ժˡ
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һ·ֱӽȥͿڱѾιҩл̣պһڡ
лҲͦǿģŴֶ٣˵ʱҽӣһֱգʧѪ࣬Ȼڶ̶ʱѹǿĺҩ
ˣлЩˣɫĿûг֮ǰĺüԣЩʹ͸¶ֺѾʮˡ
ӻ֣ιҩѾȥ
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ݡ
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˵һգգĿͼԼ
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Ӧˣ


161  161 
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뿪¹ԺԺȥһˣЦŶ˵ãҿ¹Ժƺ̫ﱿֱŵģ㿴Ҫ伸
ЦЦĿһۣ㣬֪лÿҩǮлжǮ˽𣿡
лڨЦЩģʵҪ˵л̶ô۰ҲڣȻһĸͬ类͵̷˾ܵȴܶ£ܸܵѡһˡ
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Ū֮ǰϲˣֻ뵽侲ͷҧҡԡ
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ѡЭˣ˵ˣлûʲô顣
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ţѾҵſڣ߽ȥһ߰תִżϷĺүû̫ˣ

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162  162 
, лڴںڰ, òƾ־, ٸʬһ
һľܹԼĴȥ, һıɱ׷Ҳá
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ʱһļޣֻ߽Ǹϳȥ, ŶĺӶ޶
ϾǺҲûʲôѪԵϵ, ô⣿
Եܾ, лȻʧԼһοˣɲ, иϣϵġ
ֻǵ󺰵Ǿ仰, лĲֱӰһ, ֹȥˣ
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л̿ݵûˣӶ·Ҫɳ, Ϊֲ
һͿ, ŵøϽŶ, С̫, ҵ, , ɲҪ£ⲻˡ
лð̣һĿ΢΢͹ĶϣǿԼ侲᲻࣬ڲԡ
һ˰ɣ
䴽һЦӣɫ࣬ǰ£ȻҶ㣬±ŵС
л̣
Ůôģ
һ仰
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Цеүģûϵģ⺢Ҳģ˵ˣ۲̰Сˡ
л̣ѵ⺢һûиף
Цøˣ˵ҿѡļޣҲԼԸǵģҾĥŵʱԼǮҸˣҪǶԷͰѺӸ˸δգиˣ
лҪоˣʱҪָıʹˡ
û˰żչһֻгݵܣ
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ƲƲ죬Ѿ߷ųȥ
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163  163 £꣩
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ҿ粻ǹ, ȻлҲñŶþ׵ģ

˷Цˣͷ߶û, , Ҫȥ, ǸϹŶ, ֪л̵, Һ˵˵ȰˣҪǱҿ϶ǻؾ, ҶүδȢޣһ˲, ԼҲǰ˸ָʹҾͦõ, 㿴ô
ӵݹȥ, ҡͷҾعͦõ, òлˣһ, л, ﶼк, ʲôˣ
ϲҲ, ϴмȢ, Ѿίľܾˡ
֮û͵͵, û뵽ֱӸôһϲ
ֻǻҪؾˡ
˲ͬҡͷϲ, Ժ, αһӱлң
ʧЦұл, ԸģҲΪ˱ģֻһ䣬Ҽˣں
˼һ£̽ԼĺӣĺӵײԼİԼԺҲһТ˳㣡
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ڿлӵߣԼôױлðʵҲûﻹвл̸Լĸߵīֽ⣬Щ˶һʲСķá
ǵţТ˳
ҼﱾͶл̲ôϲ֪˭ûˣһڣҪǻУ³£ǲҪܣǶ޲һ쵽ǰ
ӳˣһ϶ý̺ӺúТ
ΪʲôͲˣֻ
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Ц
Ҫ䣬ɼŮϵЦ⣬ŭһЦۡ
ʵתһ룬ҲͦõģȻԼģûˣԺﲻ̺ǶԼҹŮӸԼҲûˣӦˡ
˿ĮӺԺһֻҪΪЩȫǣŮ˶Ҫߡ
̵ˣЩٸߣҲð
򴽣аɣҸؾˡ
лл
㰡ҪԴɵȴȥֻ֣Ůĳ
˶Ů˾͸ɷ򡢶ӡӣãŽҸֻҪԼǿĵģʲôʱҸġ
ΪĸףϣŮģͬĬعһ
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ؼǸ壬һ٣鷳һһġ
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ʧЦɴֳڴ̨ϣԿ
ڶֱ岻Ը⶯ȴǰһʱƺܲԷĺһǺ죬͵غһ
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˺ΪԼոյҧҪ˵ʲôϽ˵˵Ҿˣۣ
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ԻᰡŮ˼ֱǸϴһӵôõļƫƫȫһеģͣ˵ѳԷѣڲűĵӵѣͻᷢ΢˵ӵѣҪ
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ʦ黶ϲϲǻ
λȷʵѾûгıҪˡ
Ҫǿһص㣬ȻŮ˵Эùɣǩ֡
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ͬʱͶƱԴתܳɹתȥǧѶһԡ΢ҲˡͶƱҵѡǲᣡ
Ŀɿڴˣ


164  164 
һԭ
ԽĽɫ̫һ, ŰĵŮ
СʱаѪǸʱ, ҽԺ, ܸƺ͡
ʱպǻĸ׻ҵչ𲽽׶ΣĸӳҲæ, ССԼһ˴ҽԺ
ɺͬһһС˳ƳΪ, һˣ
ĸĸܽʮϸ, ܳԺ, ΨһҲʱʱ̻̿, Էиĸʱʱȥ档
ʿ㶼, ¥иһСкҲ
뵽һӰһ͵¥£ԷǷҪ
һʼȻûᣬҲ, ôһδεĻ, Ư, к, ʼ
Ļߣż˵неһɫʡ
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۵ıʼҲż, ģ, ͳɹĹ뿪Уͳײǵˡ
ȻҲ֪ǸպûгȥСһŸĸ¥ҹСк
СкԼѵŮʲô֣ǸŮ˵
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ŪˣڻʮʱٴλصѧУϲѧУŵУ
ɵ˸ĸ飬һ۲ͣҲ岻ʱ棬ԭ̫ˣһֱҸףڹʱڰϵĺǰ˵ѡ
֪ϲ
ͻûʱȥĬĬŵĿţƫƫϲһԷӰ
᲻þܾһԼ
Ǹĸ۰󣬼и磬ĸ˵ʲô¶ģֻҪԼ־ͺá
ҲһֱģֱѣԴ㡣
Ϊ˸ƼĽ˹ģأͽԼҵֹ˾ԳŮ

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ԭһֱɵĸȥ飬ҲȥȥգҲȥȦ򹷡
ȻƺֻǺڷڵ٩󲿷˵˶Դ˶ⲻ粻ֹ׷ŮŮ׷ҲͦõģΨķ˿ˣúס
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һʵһʼһС
ļãǳḻĸǴСΪŮӣֻҪ˺ǻͺãӵĳܿ飬ϲ󣬾Ͳ÷ſ
и̥ĵܵܣɸĸϲȻлĸ豸ѧ֮ģ㻨ǮҲ࣬Ůȴһɯ١
˶׷˵̫Ůˡ
ҲģϲĸƫĵĽ㣬ڱĥʱϲ֪Ե
ҲǺܹƻҵԭڻ褵İ½˻ҵֲҵ׼ȷƻԭ͸ıҵһ籾ǩԼ
ʧǣûкʵľ籾Ҳû룬ֻľ籾û״̬
ҲԽںֿʹС
ĸ۰ܣЩֻϣڼúõ˭֪ţ˾ûˡ
ȥĻȻףŷԼһԭʵûΪԼһѡ
һΣԹǶˣǶԼġ
ҪΪԼ
۾ſڷǳ𼱴ٵԭĸ׷ӳż޵ڲѽźòã
һһȥš
մ򿪣ͱӳ˸Աԭĸ׻٣Ҳ۰Ͱ͵ĿϵĵĶˡ
İԭϾΪϲ˻ôǮ̱Ȼ˲ǡ
Ϊƫƫ֪˭ϴĽʽԭͻ褲ңǽԭˡ
ԲŻᵼԭһˣͳ׿ˣ̫
ˣӳ૵ıŮô绰ͨ˰춼Ҫҵ˵ûгСҶҪˣ
û°ɣѯʣˣܻŮ޳
˶ǿϵϢܹģ̫֪Ů壬ôͻȻͷ֣
𾪵ĲֻѣǣǸµŮˣɱ˵ȵ⡣
գۣ˳ӳĻ΢΢һЦ˵û£裬Ǻ£ҲϲңЩģҵʢָô
Ҫʲô飬Ǹҵɣ


165  165 
ھҪ˾棿
ӳͻ, ĵĵǽô侲Ĺˡ
Ȼܴ̼Ӳֺõ£ȻҪ
ǷӳȻ, οû£, ʧ, һ˾۰۲ҪǮ, ȥô
ԶԣٸŰǻ, ȥΣǻ¯̫ˣȥϺǱܱ߱ô
ҡͷֵ, Ǹ
úãӳˣֱӦ, ɷ
ٺʹȻһҵȦʢˮģɽҲ˲پǮƣ񽻸ȫЩŮ, ֱǽѾ˼Ѻõɳ͵ǰ, ת۾Ϊƽء
ӵԼŮִɫ, ǵͷ, ȥá
һֱ۲, ʵͦԭĸǷİԲеĽʽ
̳й˾ǺǻŮپСӻûʱǾͰźˣŮҪʲôʲôòģСʱиĸеܵܣ˺ɷ֮ġ
ȫûѡһֽһĺӣͱˡֻ֡ĸ֣ûһζ˳š
ɵȹ۲ˣȴ˻ĵġ
ٵͷˣ¾ʹˣһֵüڵֹ˾ôټ仰Ĺ䵽ͷϡ
ӵ̾ϢһһЦлл裡
ӳͻٵôһ仰ܿġ
ӳǽŮ֣ŮƺΪ˾ֿģ/˿̽˵ȻҪ˾ôøѧ㣬ۼȥ
Цð
ӳ׷ˣŮƤ²źãŹŮϲҲǸԺõģûзԡ
û뵽⹷Ȼ/£
֮ǰЩֱӱԡ
Ůˣɲ/ڣô˵ӡ
ͷ˵ȥ̫ſڵš
ȥȥɡӳӻ֡
һͷת뿪
ֻ򿪣ȻըһϢӿ򲻾õֻˣԭĸľˣԼ褡
滹ĸ硣
Ҳǿϵ£ĸһϲԭûäĿŶӣĸŲϲ
ţĸĵ绰ˡ
ô֮ǰ绰һֱػĸЩˣϵϢ͸ϱ绰ˣ⻹ǵһԼô绰ԷҲûͨ
ǵôֻҪ׼ұҡ
ӵ绰ĸӳɫˡ
ЦЦһĸ
Ҳش⣬̬ȶԵõĮࡣ
ӳһϲֻҪŮ̬ȺãҸĸٵ绰ġ
绰Ǳȴˣ⡮ĸ֣ĸ͹ֲһµӴ⺢ӣôͻȻвĸˣⲻͽдˣ˵㲻ˡ
ӦúܸҵĶ¡ζĺЦһ˵ѾˣĸԺϵˡ
ĸżҪ˵ʲô
Ȼſڣ绰ѾҶˡ
ε̬ȷǳȷ
ĸֱĵ绰ˣԱ򸸻ʣôˣϱô˵
ô˵Ӹɵĺ£Ӷܲˣĸû
ƫӣɶλεĳ/죬ˣˣȴ˿죬ǵҪҳƨ/ɣ
ؼǳ/ʲô˰
ǰǮߵŮˣ
ӣ˵ֻüͷҲüع֣ǡ
ǲưոݣ
*
µ΢˲СĶǻǶҲ˹ʼӴԼҲҵҲ½˺ܶ࣬λѱȦСռݡ
ֻͻ֮ľ𣬻ǴڰԵͣš
ԵֱͶƱˡᡯѡ󣬼ѵֱ΢嵽ѣӪѶΪһѻ
Ǵ۵øˣ΢СƵappˣֻҪԿ
ȻҲˡ
ʱ칫Ϣȥ˷ڻһùһʱϿкֲܶ࣬뿪ֱʣߡ
˲طһ£һ̣ЩŵĲǵͷͬ⡣
߽ʱĸо칫¥˿ǵĿ⡣
΢ԼĲм
üͷ壬Įɨȥ
ηϰϣԱǷ׷׵ͷֻǸӲмˡ
ȻСĵطǷ𣿿֮ǰΪϰ廹Աݡ
û˿ǣˣǰߡ
ɵĸŵչЦ⣬ɫºͣ㿴ţùĵƬӡ
ʹѾ췹ͬʵ֮䣬ǳƣȤ󣬸ǻ֮һζ
Լ¹ԭ
û£һΣԼʧܣ
֮ôѣΪعʱڷɻ˯һμԼ
ƪǵһױϳÿĽ֡
֪ԼŮ䣬ȴġ
ȻϲǼİ¹⣬֮ǰһֻΪĹ󵼣ΪԼİ¹⡣
ʹð칦ͣҲܸıһһʱ
˵Ҹʱⲻ͸ǳǮߣȵڲ֪Լ˶١
ڴϻǰռľߣֻС־ıˣǾǸճˡ
Ҫϰܸ˳ĻС
˺ӣٷȻֹһ׼ûǲ磬Ѿ˲ˡ
ֻҪٴǰСʱסԺ£Ͳᷢİ¹
߽ݣĵֻˡ
һͷ˼ЦЦոչ˾Щ˶ңǸҲһҺ˰
üͷûһ£óֻһߵû¡
ͷһ⣬ʱǰԼģͣΪϾͻˡ
̲סΪеֻ⿴
һһ΢ˣ
Ҳ΢£࣬㿪һϷļ۶ǣҵѽ򹷾𣿡
ͿˣһС֣ôãôǵϾһˣ
֮û뵽ܿԼԹϣ̬ڸѻв
ӦֻŶԷɣϾ׷˶Էôã汰΢˳
y1s1/ûܰɣһŮ˭ͨأܾЩ죬ġ
֮ǰֻ΢΢üЩ
ȵۣɫͲԾˡ
㿪־ȻѽҳˣöѡٶԱȣѡһмְƽģʱƬ
Ϊʱıˣɻܿóˡ
Ҳ˵ˡ
ɫ΢Ե˳ӣôˣ
ҡҡͷûֱӻش𣬶˳΢˻ĵ绰
ֻ£ͨˡ
΢ɾˣڣ̣
ӵ̫쿴û˭ţ
ȻҶôţ˭
ÿ۽棬ȷǰƯָϵһɫťϣȻ󽫺ڡ
ͷһαܾ


166  166 
æ, ûʱǰڡ
æŸ
ѵܵܡ
绰ǰӣ;Ҳ̰Ļһţ, ӴλˣΪһҪѳ̵λòأ
褣ӳв
Խ, ;Խ, ͻһѾʮˣһ㡣
ĸԽȶãþǽίԼĸܲ˻ӡ
ԭ涼Ϊӳ, ʮ֡
˸ɳ, ȣЦأ˼ʱһˣĳֳȫ氮ˣ
˵⻰ʱ, Ҳġ
뵱ڹʶ׷, ɸձҵͱл̳мҵ˿ꡣ
֮Ľ㣬ͱôӵĽ㣬ȴܹеڼҵȫְ̫̫ƾʲô
ںòл, ˽ܵԼҺרҵԿڵĹλ, ŵʱˮ¥̨ȵ£Ȼһգ, ˼ҾȻԼ氮
ϲǵһЩ, ɻû׷, Խˡ
ӳҪˣӣ㶼ˣ˵
ֻǲ֣ÿζϵܵݶԵøƵĻһ߽
褲Σֵǰбһ
ͨԭļ֪Ǹ鳣ҪϲңԭҵҲô׾⵽ѻʱڡ
Ի褵̬Ҳ飬ЩĮʱĻƤ³֣ѵ㡣
ԲۣҪŭѾˣ㲻ôԵ˵䶼ǲǣԡ
û˵꣬ǰ˻űһ£ɴԴϡ
ǾӵķӳЩۡ
һ¿û顣
ҲǺʹġ
Ϊ˭Ӯ㰡κԴܻվҪƾѹԷ
Ȼվֻűĺϥһ¡
ȥ--±ͷ͡
мȻΪһۣҺףֺ󣬿һʱһû飡Ȼ
ôɫ΢䣬Щ飬ɱòˬӲ˼氮ҲǸڻҡ
ȻҽҪŶ䡣
ɶһֻܹϵľĶ䣬˸ת
֮ǰֻκģĻ/ˣ
д˽Ȼ褲֪һ£Ҳû飬˵ô˵ˣ
۵亹ðˣǺ죬裬ܹ
ӳڨЦȻŮɶҲǰģ״ͺܲģˣһϷô
㲻ԣءٴԺҴ㣬û
ᶼˣ˶ʮ꣬ʵҲСʱƤȱΣûˣֶȻ˺ü£ûݵƿʹٲʣίί֪ˡ
ô˸Ƶģ
ţѾɿ֣৵ĸԭִһ/ʹ۵죬Ťˡ
ţһ˿죬в´Լע㣬Ҫ˵˵Ļˡ
Ʋ죬£ǿͷ֪ˡ
΢΢ӳ裬ȻطϢϳԷٽҡ
úáӳͷһƬŨЦ⡣
ŮûΪҪ͵ܵôãҪ֪Դʮû׽
ʱԼĲ̥
裡ˣ褿ŷӳһ㶼ΪԼƽ̲סһ£Ҷ䶼šˣ㻹Ц
ӳһǸĻ񣬲˼鲻ãӺһ
仰
ƾʲô͵
ҪѾߵ¥ǵȻֵŵһΪģɵú˰벽
ˣǶ̫ˣ
˵裬ԺͰֶעһ£ҲҪãҶǵһˣûҪΪк涼ңⲻƽ
ףӳסʶӣҪͣ㡪
裡ֺһ£ǿ
ӳֻõͷԣԺעһ¡
ߣ˱ԣһ䣬ֻǸոΪӳǾ仰ŭɢȥࡣ
һο뿪ɫÿ˺ܶ࣬СϴĴ̼ɣ
Ƕħ壬£
Ϊӳ˵ֻһΣȴͷɲǣıˣ
褳Ծĵɴۣһ˶ѣ֮ǰ־ˣڶˣǷ𣿾͸һ˵ͷˡ
ӳ̾Ϣ˵Ҫ˾˵²£
֮ɫδʣŨˣŮ˲һֱӶ
˵˾һ£óֻߵһߴ˸绰
ԣɡ˵Ʒáɫӵ˵⣬Ҫ뿪˾
*
׵칫ֻڹǱרҵʢ֣ҲǱ硣
֮ǰϤһ飬һݣһҪ༭Ҫĥϡ
ͬҪ࣬ʱ顣
Ȼӵ˾쵼ĵ绰㶣ΪйˣԷ˵ϰ˵ˣϵ£첻ʻ෢һµĸ㡣
ɫ˱䣬û뵽Ȼʧҵô졣
˵褺ͻ鲻
ԸͬһϣͬһգӲҪһǰһ죬ֻΪҸĸ̫ƫġ
ֵܽΪ˼ҵֵ鲢ټΪҲû뵽ˣ褾Ȼһʱ俪Լ
򵥵Ӧ䣬˵绰źȥĻЦһ
һСƹ˾ȥͲȥ
¶Ѿˡ
Ҳùˡ
ֻһϵ˷Ϣ
ʱһֱԻѾڽӴһŮͻȻֱϡʢֵСѩǩԼˣ
Ѷʱ𾪣Բۣڲǽǣ
ļٵģҼǵǰʱ仹бϣ˵ΪʣպûҲҪһת֮ˡ
֮ǰıˣѾҺ¼ˣֻǰڻûԼû͸¶
褣ԷͳԷҪֻˣ㿴㡭ӳһ
ĿѵĴĻϰοСĿߵˣֹ
ע⵽ʣˣһʺӣ
ˣݺݵĵȻԼ΢ɣ
ȴûǼԷõӳͻٵıһĶԱȣ㿴㣬԰
褣
ҲķֻͷԷҧŹǶҧˡ
ķΧУ̩ɽĳˣŷ꣬óֻ鿴Ȼ󵭶Ŷ֪ˡ
⣿ţ㲻˵ϲ𣿻˵Ůİ
ͷֻҪߣڱͦõģαߵľ籾һС˵ı࣬ԭŮҲʣݺ˾ܻ𣬻˳ż⻷
Ȼϲ֪Ĺƻġ
ʣֻһ仰Ҳϲˡ
褣
ڻ±ƵĿУƵ¥һߵ㲻֪Ů˱ĺܿģ
ɫ˱䣬޷⡣
ûɫ˭ɣҲˣǹ˾ġ
ٴδֻȷϢϣû
ҪֹŮ죬ˢһѣһµðġ
褵㿪鿴谵㱳£˵ʮģЦݣһĵúܲ
ǰսغ˻žͺģ⡭
ŶӣȻһθ
ֳԵʺĸо


167  167 
ѩ, ־֪һˣãǰߵ, ѩһϵ顣
Ȼ֮ǰȦ·ԵͲ̫ãҲз˿ģϾͦÿ, ݳļż綼, ǰ
˵سͬ˾ѩغ, ֵĺ, ѩķ˿Ҳǳصģ˫սȶȾһֱš
ȻֱһԷҪ˵ûè˭Ű
Ҫ֪ĳ
Ҳ˵ͻУ
˵ĵ˾ѣ
˵֮ǰʢ, ΪڲԱ, ǽǲǸһ㣿ǣһ, Ǿ͸ˡ
ȻҲϲ, һΣվĲ, Ϲ߲˵, ǵľ籾Ҳߣͺݾ
ȻС䷶ԭϹ, ԭҵ, ҵ, ʢС𣿶۸ſ, ̫û˰ɣ
ʢСĴЦʺˣȻСһУϾлţ
ڿˣû뵽ˣΪϲŻ
⼸£ȫǳԼСá
ΪϢȥףȻҲˣʼѩʹipͦ˵ģѩͻƾУ˺ƣûʲôϵܿϷ
ֱڶѳ֣ϵЦݾʧˡ
ۿɼôԼš
û뵽ʱ˺öˣʢֹ˾ΨѩۣΪ˺ѩԼȻˣ
˽·Ȼľݡ
һʼΪĻӦôȶȸǣݶˣΪѣСĸѧУˣ
ҵǮ»в֪ģΪﲢʲôԣļͥ߿ûͳ˦£У԰˷
ʱڣҲȥˣѾȻǵˣ
ǲǰѪסԺҲɣ
һЩֵ̿սֻȴճճģչһŷѳһĵĺ
ԭͲãСʱ򻹵ùѪʱֵϵӳñͬĻϣѡǣ͡
ͻͬͣͬĲʹȴӵвͬˡ
˫˲ҲΪסȥġ
СʱͼʻֻʲôһʼʼĸĸͲͣһҪúöԻ۸Ȼͻˡ
ŻǸÿСкʱŲһˣһֱѵС
ܱǳе϶ᷢģڻʱûУ
ֻһЩȻһװСģֻĻ䣬ڲ輸ϣֻڵ̺ϣ۵һ˲ư칫ҵİ
е񣬿첽ôˣ
ùֻһ۾ͿĻϽƽ΢һݣȻΪԹպѩ˻һڽǢľ磿
ҼǵͶ˰ɣҲûǻôͳģ΢΢ãĵЩþ
֪ʲôоֻܹΪ²ˡ
Ҳ֪ҺԷΪպ֮ǰʶϣû뵽ͱ˵ſǻ͵ҲһС磬ʲôȨ
˵̧ͷһѾǻֺ̿ˮ˵µǡǶѾˡҡءҲǹģҼȱǮұϵģҰֻˣȻҳġ
ҭҭ˵£Ѿȥ࣬ü۰˰Щˡ
ĸʲôʱһԲ˦
Ϊ£ҲμӸ߿ȥĸźõѧУȥӰӳǵһСԼ
ֻ޵ôģǲˣ˵Ҳ̾Ϣһ˵û£Ҫ⣬˳ѡ
š͵͵Ӧ·Ǻ£֡
Ҫƿն֣˵Сʱһ˴ڲر£ҪиҾͺá
ֶˡ
ܺҲĴȬȴУĸĸ
ͣҪǵȥҲٹԼˡ
ΪԭԱ̾ѷ졣
ֻͷģһóԼֻ˵绰ϵһʦЩҥ˶ʦѣйصģܳͳһû죬ͻѾЭ飬ҲûǸزҥ
ԣҪǻջЩø͸桭
ţŵ̲ס¶һ˿Цݣֵй¶ϽҧŴꡣ
ˣ̧ͷС˵ȷʵҵѣΪ¹ϣ֮ǰǻͶһ˵ûŮҪͬ𣿡
ͷĲþ⻰󣬳ʧ¶Цݣĺãɾ΢Ը⡣
ô˵Ѹٲ˵绰
·Ȳ͵仰̨Ƶġ
ֻǵˣ绰ͨУźԣǽˣ
ֻŶ
ܺãʲô⳥ˣ
Ҳ˷ԴʱͶָǮ
*
ǰǰ󲻹һСʱѳˣҷʦЩСҲ˵
ʣµֻѩķ˿ͻ褵ķ˿ԼһЩ·˲Ųڡ
褿һϵеıʣɫ㶡
ӳӻڿֻһʱ䲻ˣϽȥϢ绹Ҫϰء
褻񣺡Ŷȥ
ֻ¥ȴûԼ䣬˻ķš
ܿű򿪣һīζϮʶۣͼɢĿԼ£
һӺˣΪԼ֮ǰϲҲΪԼӲ˵ĻͷСԲҺɫ
ޱĿŶ
ƽƽûһ͵̧ͷԼһǸȻⷴӦ
㡭
ѵҪ˵ԭˣĮȻʣһԲ𣬾ܸǵ֮ǰд£
©һˣҪô
ȱǮǮɡ̯֡
褶Ŀ룬תȥһ֮ٴλϷһп˵ⶼҵűգ𣿡
ϣСҲûˡ
ЦЦлǮͶʵģԭ⣬˵
˵꣬һƣŹϡ
˵ĻܻǮ˻׼ˡʲô˵ԲۣͶʲô֮ǰͶʿû𣿻ǮǮ
żź룬Ѹٵݳȥһֽ㿴˵
褽ţīζ˱ǶɨһۣҪ̣Ȼ˵ӾѾ̶һֽϵָ
ڣϵһпҲһЦ
ԭϲľ籾ˣǾԼһ
ҪʲôȨıܷѵӣ췽ģ治ȱԶҲóҽֽṹָƣ˽һ磬ӻصҿʼд
ʱ䲻࣬һ磬ҲֻдһСԪҲǵһ
д˼һ飬ûʲôbugȥӡǽһԪ˼Ǯô
ȻԭĸֱҪܾЩ̫˼
һ£⳥˺ܶ಻ǮЩϣҲû죬ԭϲʽ治ࡣ
Һûţ꣬ټϻҵˡ
ȥʢΣ˳ѡһף齨ˡ
˼ƻٴα죬Щ𣺡籾ŪģԲۣúÿҶûµ˭̫ˣ
¿ţ籾ûڵдġ
ЦˣܣôдĶˣϽ˵ȥѰȨñˡ
дģ˰ɣ
褹ȻˣȻһЦҾ˵дģ̫ˣʲôϵʽι
žŹˡ
Ű㽫ˣĨ˰һֵīζȻףѹֻϲߵľ籾ˣ


168  168 
ڶ, ͱٴȥʢ֡
֮ǰ˵˾ֻǻٵ۲ȦĵˮģСгɾ, ֱӹϽ
Ϊϰ壬ٻ飬һܾλá
ܹ˾Щ쵼㿴֮ǰϸһԱ˺Ƶǻһӳǵĸܾ, ɫŹ, Ƿ˵ġ
Ҳ, ڸս˾, ¿϶ţ˺ܼ򵥴ֱһݣдõĵһԪǰһţ뿴ٸһ, ҪҪ
ĵݺͱ簭, ǿ򿪾籾
Ӻ, ɫ𽥱ˡ
Сʱ, 籾׿꣬ѾЦݡ
ݣպǰʱϢ, ɻ, ģܻ𣡡
һţҾ籾ѾܺˣԸһ, Ұ, ĥ
ţҾҸ籾, иӵķתʵ̫̼, ѪڣܾҰɣ
ЦЦǱ𼱣ﻹеڶԪļƻҪǲ䣬ڵݣȥ뱸
͵ݷ׷׵ͷ
ļҪţȻˣܾʲô֣
٩٩̸״̬ȻǣĬһ£ʣǾأ
о¼һ˵
һţģ
ü
ͽ¼ɣ
Կԣ
ǵһԪЦ˵Ҳ죬ƫƫǲǸĻbossйأȻһ䡣
ͷԣûֵһЩΪǺͬģΪӰˡ
ۣ
׷ǰһΧ׷ʺİš
ݿԽͺԴͬĺЦһ̵ĳţ¼뱸󣬾ͿԱˡ
õľ籾ԱͲģˣˣⲿͶʶ٣
šϰŮ϶Ǯ౨㣡
Ѿɹ͵͵͵뿪칫ңЩҪ
ɹ̽ǲҪѩĽԼ£ҿԽǳõʦ
죺Ȼãȥأѩ⹤ӶˣǵȻúùǵ÷ֳһӶ١

ŸܾɴıӰŸոյĻһʱҹȻʱң
*
һº󣬡׷ipĶױճ¯ŮѩˣҲһ죬Ϲһ졣
·˷׷ױʾķ˿ʢСȲһͨˡ
ѩķ˿̣ɲǣԼСʲôԴţ˺Уڱغˣɵúúһζ
˵ںвƲָǹ˲ҵ˰ɣϾҲͦõģû˶ѣ
ǰѱϿһ𰡡
Щûķ˿ðɣ޲˳ȥһܡ
ɹԱͣˣǣҪ侲Żһġ
Ǵ󲿷ֻķ˿һɾûз
Ҳ̫/ˣ
Ǣľ籾ĶݹһЩż磬ԲɫĵҲʼġ
ôôס
ѲкУ
ֻϧ褿̫죬ûüʢ¸ߡ
ûбУʶҲҪΨ
룬һ˶ԼᣬͬŮǣֶ٣ż
ʱʱῴŴⷢ
֪ĵڻлģ̫죬˵ڣû
һദ˶ŮˣȻʧϰ߶޷Ӧ
취һ
ЩżֻģûסһǷĶ
˵ôⰡһЩɤ֣ŪЩңϽ˳棬ִٵվ
ͼĸüͷڰ칫ҵſڡ
һ˫̱ҺֶܲŮ˵ģҪֲˣʱܾܲλö˵
Ҳֹһӣ򸸿ʵʵϾ͸еĹһΪ˸ǵڶиõĽСѧʱѧߵıķӡ
򸸾ȻǸˣ
ʮŮΪ˻ΪԼ飬Ȳްֵ˾֪Ҳ˺ĸΪͥ
ʹ޹ģ̲סǨŭҽ˵ӿڰܵ˺ʱɴۡ
˭֪òϲĶӡ
Ѿˣ׽ССͳɼãȫҸĸ̳˵ҪĸŻǮ뿪˭֪ӭǸҵķ
뵽⣬ĸñԽ˳ۣͷ˿ȲϣôῴŮˣ
ûڣ˵
ȴЦû°ҲȥϷʲô
ĸȣΪҾһӰ
Ѿˣûʲô£ĸȳȥɡ
ĸɫ˱䣬ҪΨһĶˣһ˵ת뿪ֻ뵽ļƻǴӰóһ˵֣Ҿٰľƻᣬ֣ҸǼһУȥʶ֮ǰѾΪԴܶ꣬ڲٴˣ
˵ǵͷ֪ˡ
Ѿ֮ǰʱ˵ŻϷһ˾һԱݣ໹Ǻܴġ
ĸˣ⣬ʱĿ
ɪĵͷᡣ
һתͷͿĬĬŮˣ̾Ϣһ˵㲻ȻദҲ٣̫⡣
һЦҲġ
ֻôǲģ˵ٰ֣죬Ҫȥһ
Ҹȥ𣿡ϲ
̯֣㲻ңѵһȥ
ĸˣոյίȫʧ̵ĵͷ
͸͹Ҵкֱӹȥͳɡ
*
ŶӣһܵȼСʱ᲻
Լ·˸ž˰죬ԥǾ
ճͼһԵɳǣͷֻʮרע
ŵ߹ȥԷȻҲһû֣
ʲôôרע
Щ棬һֱ֫ӴΪԺ׼Ҳ⣬רעƵѸȥס۾Ц²ǡ
˭ֻû˵ǰֻϣһǵӰЧĿŶͼھչʾƬ˵
һµŮɫᣬ˿ЩңȴһĨĶУݶһ̣ɾ䡣
ܶˣƯ
µٻױĿǼᶨҲзΧС
һͼֱӽŴܣ˽Ӳǡ
ֵȲԷһֱ֪ģȴû뵽һۣԲ
ԱŨľðͷ
ֻϵ֣С¾硶¼·͸˧ʣΪһĻҲһҪſ
۾ֶûɿƲסľȻֽһ磿
滹һ仰˵ģ;ܲ
òǻûˡ׷ƾⲿɣ
̫˱ˣ


169  169 
Լ·𲻹ô, ӵԼĻϣΣһʱء
˼, ûȵԷɿڲӵֱӰǿüԺҪ۾
񻹴𶯣Զ΢Ļ𱸣ۿһᣬί㿴̫ˣҶƵ˶û֣
, Ȼô棡
ոȻͷ, , Ҳܿ߹ģһƬ, Ȼʲô˲ˣ
ȻϲΪһعʹ
ʣѿڶ
ȴĻɫס, ת¶ִ㵣ҸոĿú棿
ͣͣ˵ˡ

ͬʱЩ, ոôˣ֪ϲľǻֻԼ, ּᶨΪԼϲǵǸСŮ, Ż𣿣
Ȼ˵Ļ
ֵֻڱ˺ö, ѹҶ࿴¡
϶Ϊˡ
ôϲһԼѵѸ׵Ůôļ, ֮ǰʱǽһԷ, ʱȻͷɿ϶ˡ
ɺ֪ԭΪ
֮Ĺϵ֮ҲǻƤȫӦ֤Ĳ²⣬˾Ʒ̫á
ѡ飬ΪʱҲЩ߸ĸͣ߻飬ѡһЩϵҲһο塣
ȻҲϻֺãϺġ
Ȼ˳Լĸı䣬ȷʵ˲Ŀǲϰߵġ
Ͷֻܳģʳζɱ˵̫ˣġ
ٱڶ·ҲֻԼˡ
ǰ졭
һ룬ԼĿǵ㲻ƾΪ仯ˣûбԭ
û˻ȷʵܲ㡣
ҲûǸϣҲֻ֮ܽǰ¡
ֻѡǾͲҪˡ
̧ͷԻеЦ¡
ȻͰˣҲһЦݣٵ飬Ҵҵȥ·ȥԷɣ㿴һ´ʲô
ʹûзԼġ
ֻҪԼŬŬ췹УΪ¹⡯֪жһӣΪԼһҸļͥһԼĺӣӵһļͥ
Ǹո뵽ʻʶѿڶը
ô
ȻЦЦոտ΢ģˣǳ֮ǰǼ˽˰ɣζ
û£ҲЦЦ첽ȥ˸ҡ
ݵĽ棬ѾԼ·Ŀģǲ˼Ư
ȵȣը
һ룬Ȼʲôóֻը
ȻˣһĲ롪
ϲʳըΪСʱ򱻸ĸ̫ϸؿζʳһҲܳһأǹʱ
ԳҲϲԡ
źԱΪ˱Ƥ״̬ʳܵϸܿأֻ͵͵ԡ
ѳһͼĲïӪ£ƬϼõŮˣ·һˮġҲըˣ
Ůˣըҳаˣ
/ģպõ۾ָһĨˮ⣬Ƿ̣ڿ˵ϲʶסľȻǻϲá
̵Ȼһû֣
*
¼·͸˷ġ
͵ĵӾ磬һʼ֪ɱǾû˼ˣ˸־齫ֱܴʩķǳá
׷Ķױշ֮ǰ˺ƣѸע
˿ȻסˣΪˣܲ÷˿ʧ
Ǿĥ˺þõĵݣڴѾƬһǿǰ㹻۵Ƭ
Ƭõ󣬾˾˾ޣӪŷһ£һڷ˿Ŀ񻶡
ѽǽÿ
ʲô⣿ǱȲǽ㣡
˿ⲻ˵Ż㲻ˣ·ԵҲȥ˲٣ٿ쪵С㣬úøˣҲ׷ת
С˧
˰ˣʲôʱ򲥳źио
ǴŮ𣿺ÿÿ
Ľǻһ˵ֿסѩС˵
ǡ׷ŮѩҲˡ
ͻǶߣûб𣬿ҲЩƷôڼסɹ˾ԴԶ׼б
ָǣ£˽æõɫȻѩĴҲСip˶ţֵ̫ˣ
һֱۣȴ븺ΥԼҲй˾ϵֻҪˣ˾ȥԸΥԼ
ѩԴ˱Լױնһݲѡźʵģû뵽һ־ͱɱֱȥǱߡ
ҲҪ쪵Ϸݣ
ʱͬŶӼˣҲϽŶȥ鹵ͨŮеģҲУֻһ˳ʣ
&
ھֺ壬¼ͺܼˣһá
ΪͶʰְ֣ŮǣɫǸմϷѧԺҵݱҲԼˣ˾籾ôдǾôġ
Ҫҵ˵ͶˣоǺ͡׷̨
Ϊûһ׷Ͳ
Ȼǣ
ӵбȡ׷õľ籾
˵Ϊӵԭ֪׷ⲿʵԶԶûоǰʡ
Ա;鶼ǻȫŻһʵľ籾ԭΪʢСȱǮ鲻ȱͶʣԸֹԣݻȨ϶Ἣ
ֻеݺͱӵлȨŲΪĳЩһĵĿȫǡ
ⲿ磬͡׷һǴŮϷ
Ůǵ趨ʮֳʣԸת仡ȣһʼɬĳ졣
Ҳݺӣ˹ϷѧҲ㡣
õĽɫˣ
û˻ڣֻᾡܵڹԼĽɫȡá
ⲿһ˸ԪֳAB㣬ĸµʱ꣬ǼԼ
Ǯͷǻ褵ģСͷԼǮԼ˵ҪĵӾ磬һ֡
ⲿſãͷӾ粻ٺõľ綼׵ӡ
;ΪѾҸĸ˵Ҫ˾Ϊ˶ٽһû褴ȥ
ʶһҪͶʲˣȥͶʡ
Ż褵ֱۣ֣ſڡ
˴Цݣ褽̴ӣߣһ·ǵǰģ/΢Ҳܰô˵Ȼ֮ǰң˵˾ңǲὫ˾ģ
û֮ǰô࣬תͷһ仰˾Ҫ
̫ˣ
褿϶ǲɵģ
Ҳά߰Ц⣬ģֻҪʢ͹ģԼ
ߣ褲мĺһ
ʱǽǰպһ˾˽סŲþòҽȻתͷʵʵ˵㣬ʮŲǵðɣ
ЦȻǵãŲᡣ
ЦǣһΪС褽Ůˣû뵽ôƯˡ
С褰ڰ֡
ĬĬסĸ첲
ɫһҶຮѣߡ
ȴǰ԰ɶֳӭײϸպ˳
˫ʶͣ½ŲҪͻˡ
Ϊ֮һʮֵɻôˣ
Ż񣬽ŲȻӿ죬뿪
*
˦ȴʶתͷ׷ıӰ
һɫβȹճģƯ֮Ŀ⡣
վûһһ͹ȥк衣
ʶüͷҪȥֻǲŶع񣬷Լû
ǶѾҪˡ
ǲƲûŪ꣬ڶѾˡ
ͷĪʹƿĿ⣬˫ȴ·ϣˣǿƺ̸
΢УǹһĨЦ
ôϲôܸ衣
֮ǰĮҲǹ
һִ̣ϣԼ
סĴʹ˵·ⶼˡ


170  170 
δһ, ۾ﲻԼ
Ϊ飬һѵ, ˸ĸķԣ϶Ҳܣ˭֪ʦȥСʱЭǩˡ
ΪԼӶֻǹĮҲҼᣬΪ
Ӧ˵, 䡣
ȥ˳ĵ, ӱԼ, ˲ţǺЦĴ/, Ц΢΢۽ǣĶ
ƺ֤Ѿ׷Լ
ȻҲδԼһûˡ
ʶЩĶҲûǰ, Ҫֻǲ߳ǰ, żɻ𣺡
ع񣬽Ųͣ, üͷš
ΪԼΪ
û, ЦôˣΪҵģ˼, ոճ˵, 䵢һ¡
ûʲôҡͷ, ̧šһüģǾò̹ȥһˡ
áͷ
뿪ģĳѵЩۡ
õʱڣֻڻûʱҪٵȵȡ
Щţһ³ĻΧȻڿĳӰס
ѹ˼ԭˡ
׼
ֶ˹һģһں£¶ҵ侲һЩǵһ£лӰ죬̬ôȡ
ʱϴ˸侲¹ڳĻصߣãٺȵ㡣
ͷһůǳЦţ֪ˡ
ףִȥһЩҵ齻̸ȫûٹעĻ
һӽصߣոǰһ
ŶһƣС˿ڡ
褾㻹ΣҾ˵ôܹԹְֵĻĳϣǲΪģҾ㣬ˣҪٸͺãԺͲҪջˣ̫ˣ
䴽һЦģġ
Ŀлɡ
Ǳ߿ۣ˵㻹ϲ𣿡
ȻŲĿ⣬˵ո֮עΪĿⲻԾȥ
ܾŮӦĻӡ
ԽԽʧ
֪ԵŮѱһģֻͶԷʵû֪ʲô£Ż
ȿȡһԼϹڹעæԹ⣬֣˵ҴȥʶһЩˣϲͶһЩӾˣǮҲ࣬Ժͱҿӡ
ЦĸţҲӳȻõһȷʵӰͶʸȤĴϵʽ
ʱĹȥҲˣֳĵ˸ۣҲڱȥ棬Щˣ˸̨ƵĺСơ
ʱһ˵λС㣬ոλȥǰǱߣ˵Щ˵
Ǳ߿ۣǰ԰ҲһţʲôûЦЦãл
뿪ľƺŻȥ
;һȺСһ𣬲ɫ̫ãǱˣû뿪
*
Ÿ̨׵ǰ⣬Ҳ֣
̶ûˣվһ
չȥĴ־͹Ҫȥ
һǮϵֱҹȥ
˻Ҹţһת۾Ƥ󣬲ˬûǴǻûʽ飬ôԼţܰ
ڡҲǷģ벻ҪäѾǩЭ飬ֻ֤ˡ
ɫ˱䣬΢΢䣬̵ô֮ǰһҲɣھͷˣΪ»ˣϾոͦܵģǰҵ㣡
ˣֻ﹥
Ҫںԭ⻰һĴʹҽͣϲѾûˡ
ɫԽȻȴһĨԵõЦݣȻ԰֪֮ͺá
ɫױˣоԼͷɫƺˣǻŨҧģüĿĿǿɻû飡
Ȼʲô˵ҲЭ鶼ǩôãʲôʱпգȥְ֤ˣ칤գʮȥô
ʧأû¶ִ㵡
û뵽ȲľȻ
һʱûҳĬĿ
ܵĲȥ֣˲پƣ϶᲻
ˣΪŲȥģ
򴽣ҵ룬¡
Ǿͺ졣
·֤˵ԼһƮƮġ
ˣ̵ָٰͰϷɳ벻˵㣡
һֿԲеĿ⿴㲻ҪˣҹһɵĹң˵Ҳ㣬ٸʱ䣬֤ҾֱӴ˾ˡ
顪˵꣬ͺһͰƺڷйеŭ⡣
ֻǶ˿ûӰ˵
˵꣬ؿôƽ
ϲ·̶ʱʧһɶȲҪ¼
һ뵽ǰҪϻɴ޸ˣؿڸµûţǱı۾˵ɣһ£ˡ
شԽ뿪
żζ
üͷĻӿ·ʱζ
޴ֶĵˣԼľˣϲԹŮ
ôűŮ飬裬»ˣ
治֪ˣԭôϲأ
*
һţһߣʱСЦһιǸˣȴûзӦһ㣬ĮȻıţµΣյıԵҲûһ㷴Ӧ
ֱѸǰȻӿſҲûɲסͨ԰ſкų̈׵ģ
Сŵüһǰ˹ȥһȥ
ϽȿһסΣһűСԭǰαһסˣ˻ûüȥͱԴһ
סˣ
˿ʱķҲϽСŵֱޣϵ˷ɵ
лС㣬ｻǾͺãûŪˣѯʡ
ҡҡͷû¡
ҲϹˣЩŵĴһ£û⣬ſǣСĿڶüͷ
Ա߸һСֹ˭ҵĺӣȻôƤ
Ҳ
Ҳͦģԭֻ˼ʹϵΪ㣬㿴褡
褵ӣһ֣ҵģһǳؼݼҵģεǳԽؼǸӣ˵ؼһֱһݼҵĺӣԽͬ⡣
ˣԭУԽĸͬ꣬СԸСѧϰɼ쭳ȵȫƴֱһ⣬Խĸ˫˫£һ˫/ȣһûˣ㰲
֮ҺͳؼҾƲˡ
ؼ˵ĸŮϲ˳ԽԲһε¹ʣӣؼҾһ硣
ˣؼҸĸûļ̳ˣҲһԹӤƵƵʧܣͷˣʼڼݼҵĺӣܲ
ţԽͬģǼҳû̺ã̹ҲǸġ
ԼҵĶαظأ
ǰֱӾҶá
Ȼĸ첲
ͼŬʾǰ
̧ۿȥʱѾ߽һԷЦӭӹŮ˸мСл㰡Ҫһ£ҼҰԽ֪Ҫܶлл
ô;֮͡ЦŵСҲҪעһ°´οܾûôʱˡ
Ůɫһ̾Ϣԣ˵öԣȥҾͽѵ
ŮлѯҪϵʽźɷһųԽ뿪
һ˱ŸոյСĸϡ
С£³°
ʼ磺ֲǣʲô£
ؿĿҪ͸һ㡣
Цݣ£
˺öడ褸̾ԡһ㣬£ؼҿҵУ㳹ˡ
¾ǻҪٺҺͺãˣĸ۰ľǴӣ޵ľǳؼҡ
ȴһ


171  171 
С˼ûͷ, ͱˡ
ݻû׺飬ƺЩ̫ƽ
ź̾Ϣ, Լ, ʱ仨ѵþһ㡣
ˡԻ˵
ᶼ˺, ΪոյıʣҲһЩ¡
褵ͷЯȥ
һƸĿⲻԾſڵĵط˰, ֻûġ
Ȳˣ
һҪɹ
ֻҪ˺ӣٲֿ, ѵĹľ, ҲͲٷ
Ļڻ, Ǹոջסεһ, ȥæ, ȿε˭, ͣ½Ųˡ
ȻԹ޸ĸƫ, ɳؼҲմȾ
ֻǻȻܷӦôѸٵĹȥæҪ֪βȹ, ·, һСĶȴ˶ˤ
˽ôҲȥæأ
ҪǮҲûн, Ժˣοİˣ
, ܾﲻ, , ɰԼ֮ǰͻĹϵ, ǰ²̫á
ĿԼͻ֮תЦһ£ǰһֱ˵ܸܵ鲻ôãڿͦõ
˵״⣬ȴһ
Ҳע⵽ˣҪһܣܵ˼Ҳ㻹ּҵľ̳ϵϵ
˵ʲôϵãҲֻĻԡ
ûпֻһֱɵɫ滺˺ܶ࣬ûҪΪ˷ġ
һںľƣ̼ζ˳źθӶ·˺ࣺܶٸһ
áЦһ
ѾˣֻˣˣҪ˵ˣ˲ֻ࣬жٻһЩ
˾͵˾ȥɡ
һʱ㲻
ҪܾȷʵĬıŽݡ
֮صţæǰæ󣬷·ص֮ǰͻڼӣÿκˣϸĵչڶҲͷ֮ĺ֢
Դӷ־ӺþûܵĴˡ
ͷһůܾڶǻʱҲоһɴСȣ˿ʱһѽס
һ͵͵ľ
ûᡭ
ֱڶϣͷѵԴ۾Ҫһº乵壬ֻǲŶһ£ͽס
Բֹһˣ
ͻѾ־ˣ
ʯ䣬ҹĳԺ֣︡
ԼԴյתͷ˯գĳ
Ⲣļƻ֮ڣ
һҪջغͻЭ顣
ͳ¡
ƺоĿ⣬˯е˶۾Ҹ¶Цݣżɬˡ
֪ûģʶ϶ò
ֻ֪ԼˣһƬֻǿܺȹƣȣƲס
Ҳ֪Լס˭
̶ʱ˼࣬¶һĨǳЦţҽ컹£ȥ˾Ϣ
״æס۰Ͱ͵һ
ͷ㣬֣£ҪﲻҴ绰
ԣ֡
ͷϻǹһЦá
˼ˣ뿪òˮ
*
Ϸĵ绰ͬȥ֤ˡ
Ҫ֪ǰ˻һ/ɫھ˵Ҫȥ֤ˣǳ˰
΢һ¾֪ˣ̬ȱ仯ôģΨкĹϵ˱仯
ȻǰȥǸӵɫ֤һʱpo΢ףԼ
֮ǰ˵׷ܵѾܾûи΢Ȼ˿֪æҵûоԼĻϵ
ɹעµ·ȴٳûյϢһӪŵĴ£Ϊֱ֮ǰӣ᲻÷ˡ
żһӪŵµȫǣ֪᲻飬ȥһˣϢû
ô飿ô/죬ҲǻعͥϾɲʲôġ
ҷˣ嶼ûô꣬Ů˻᲻飬һвš
˿˼򵥣ƲָҲҪһӣûýȥֻ֪飬᲻á
ֱڣ֤һȫˣԲۣˣ
۾ǲǳˣȻ֤
ڱˣˬˣ
¥ǲë飬ָ˭˭أô˵飬ԺҲˣ
ۼһ浹żгҲˣֱµ۸ѹȥ
ٿѣѰˡ
緢΢ϵĶҲһʱ䴫ĸѶappϣͱĸƽģҲῴСƵ
͹ΪһĸȻ֪ӳ/ˣҲûú顣
ҪãͲôλ
˭֪ˢСƵһˢͿһ˵ʮʮ֣po֤
ĸɫһӾͱˣֻ÷
ȻϴҪϴԲôģ
Ĳ˵ͻҶԻ̬ȣԺҪЩ˽Ӹ飬Կֱѹ
˵ʱȥָʵʲҲҵġ
ٲֻҪӣ̫ࡣ
һʮǮֵŮһǧС㣬ɵӶ֪ôѡƫƫɵӶ磡
ĸһԼ侲ȸ绰
绰ܿͨĸװ֪µģЦЩûҳԷˣ˿˹ľϻһԷѽ
ЦǸǲˣҸո֤ƲָѾҺûйϸԼ԰ɡ
ʲô飿Ҳͬ⣡ĸԣҲİɣʲô鰡úõģһűСأȥ˵ϴ
ˣҾͦõġֹĻϴҾ˵ˣԺϵ˰
˵绰ཡȻҶϡ
ĸٴȥѾͨˡ
ˣ
ĸɫܻ࣬Ĳĵ绰
ǺܿͨĸȴûжԴʢŭǰֱʲôʱܳ󰡣ǶϷ˵ͽ飬˵飬ǲҪҲŸİͲѧѧ𣿡
ǵĽֻԶˣ⻰Ҳʮֵϻ̵ЦˣҪҲˣֻĸǴá
侲ְҲͬˡ
ʲô˼ĸסٱõ滺
ȻΪҵĲƲָô˳ʣܼԼ˵ҵӣܾһ³ؼң⣬γϾԻԪˣֻҪû㹻ʽ룬ϹģСü
ĸʱϲѣոյŭⶼʧ࣬ؼҾĲҪǳؼܵùͻ鶼ûôҪˡ
ɵģ
³϶
ãҵšĸõ׼ȷʱ䣬Ĺҵ绰һĨЦݳ֡
Խϴһ쭳ϴûˣԽƾʲôţ


172  172 

ĸųԽκͳظһʱ, ٺͷӳЩȻ
죬һףȻͳؼҲ׽, ȻûлϾ, ҲǼ涼кġ
û뵽, ؼ˾ȫݷãһζ͡
ϵɫ԰ףһ֮ǰǰľȻһ˫ɫͫ׸ǰ, ûж
ĳ໹ʮֺÿģΪƤ׾, ն˼, ̫, չ΢ͻأ, ֶַ, ûù
ϵĺɫװͬ, ·ƫһ, ɫĶʮˬɫ̫, ͦõġ
Ǳȥ뷨, ִˡ
Ͳ֪ǻ᲻ỳΪǰ, ʵǸ飿
ƷƷˡٿǱͳظĸֶסĸ̾
Ʒ, Ӧõġظ
ܾ˻˵İæ, һ䶫źá
֮, ˳Խ, ˶ɳϣĸЦĿ˵ţʵڲ˼»һӡ
£ӳæ˵
ĸţ飬뵽ǳؼݵ£Ц˾ͺãûʲôȼ˰ȫҪġ
ĸЦԽͣ˵öԣ֮ǰû뵽Ҫְæӣ¶ˣĶˣҺϳ˺þʲôл񣬿ܲ¡أ벻Ҫ
ֱ̨ˤȥͳԽ⸱޿ӣ϶΢һ£ʱ϶ֹˡ
һĺҪ
æҲ;֮ͣպþԱˡ
ǺԵжԶӵľ֮ĸ˵ûס˵˵㣺ҲǺҪģ촩ɲö˵ĻҲǾңţôݣԺܻǼҵĶӣҵǵģû뵽Ȳˡ
˻һӳ¶εɫ
ҵĹϵӦûûһز
ĸ˵꣬ҲЩȻԾʧԡ
Ǵͷβֻȴ˸кĳԽһɱϾͼ˼ҽȫĶӰѼҲ͹ȥ£
ĸɫԽãʲô򴽿Цû˵
ģϾ˭Ķȥأ
ĸɫʱָ࣬̾䣬Թ⣬ųԽ˵ˣȵ㣬ôҲø˵һллɣ
һֱʵƤ˿ĸһۡ
ĸĴߴš
Խ΢۾һ¶ˣĸǰƣκóһεзϡ
׼ǳȫ
Խûü²ۣӭһźЦƯգɫĿǳЦ֮䣬۾·Ź⣬һ˫۾ӣˮһ类һž޴ʯͷ
󣬳ԽȻһͻٶȾҼӿ죬ԺѾ֯õĻˡ
㰡˵أĸΪӲԸ⣬͵͵һ¡
ԽæһܿУ˵лϣϲ
ӹлл
ĸһЦ˵򿪿ϲ
Դ򿪣ɫĺɿ󣬺Ӵ򿪣ɫĲһ챦ʯƹ⡣
̫ˣЩȣ漴˻ȥ
ĸæ֣زأǼҵĲƲԺҪҵģ㲻
⻰˵ᣬֺʵ£ܳԽѾûˣȻҲҪݼҵĺӹ̡
٣ͷˣ£ϸ˿ĺܺÿ
ĸϲӿģԹϡ
ɽǵȹټһ֯¶ϣ챦ʯƯɫͰƤպӳģƲۡ
Խûס࿴ۣһηֻʵĶʵҲͦʵõġ
Ƥĵס
ﻹһŸĺ챦ʯˣ֮ǰռ̱ʯ֪ȥô
ţԽĸ첲Ȼһ¡
һ£ͼĸ׻Щ˵ĿԼʶֿٿ٣ȻʶԼոն˼Ůؿڿʵڲòʱεĵͷ
ǽĻһرõĲ裬Ҫ򿪺ڣĸЦתע
ٰ裬Ŵ˻ɫתպ֡
*
;ؼҺͻҵĹϵһ׽
ǳĸԴǷ·ʧɢĸŮ
ϷȱȱͶ֮ġ
ܾˣһʧ䡣
ϲĸܻ뽫Ǯڻŵʱ໨㣬Ų˷ѣ
˼룬ʱ䲻࣬ȻЩͷɡⲿ㣬ΪݣأΪͶˡ磬ҪҲࡣ
ٵʱҲ࣬ԺͳĸϵҲǺܶࡣ
ǳĸƬȥԵģ󲿷ʱ򶼴ųԽһȥͳԽҲ˵仰
һ㣬Ҳ㹻Ҳˡ
ֻǻˣҲҲûޣҲǼٺͻҵĺԼĳЩϼһ
żͷӳ绰ʱ²ۣ˵ңҼҰÿɺˣ˦˸ˣΪɰ
ӦøһȥģĹӳĵ˵һŮӣҪƴҵֲûǮ
ü裬Ҿƴҵͦõģƴҵƴˣϧ֮ǰϹˣƴӮ
ӳ۵Ǿͻһš
ۣҾұǰĳʵ
ӳ޷⣬ױ̵ľŮӲҪƴҵֻҪ˰ͺõ˼룬ʮ꣬һ仰ĵù
ֹ
͹ˡ
ݵֳƬ
Ȼ磬ǾҪģʱ£ЩҪĲ࣬ʱ΢Ϣһ¡
ոɱ࣬һϢиشĿ⣬ʽԽûдʽע룬֮ܿǰͶǮˮƯˡ
Ҳ˵Σ
Ϣʱû뿪Ϊɱ࣬ЩԼϷҪ䣬㻹ڼҲסھලġ
һʱٴ绰
õϸ˿֣ʵ̫ذɣʮڵȱڶѡ
پýŮθڴˣЩεĽͣʮڿ࣬ǵʽ𣬴˾ǷеծֱóɲСĿ
֣õó
ʱûߣǮͲţټϻҸĸģʮڣǿԵģȥеѺС
ֱԣҪκ£ؼڵǽƣΪûȥǮⲻûԸ𣿱˼Һ£ɵġ
ʧЦȻôûǵˣոո˽֪ܲȣȻԣǾ˳ƶΪˣǣ֣ʵһֱи뷨û˵ʱҲԡ
æʣʲô
ǳҴͳؼؼҾͳԽһӣҲԽԲҪҵҲˣ֮ǰҿ԰æиӣǾ͸ãȫˡ
٣


173  173 

ͳؼң
ûǴ, ؼҾͳԽһδˣ
ʺţԼˡ
ɵ绰ǱߣŮǳ, ʶⲻЦ, ЩҿǷˣҪؼҵĲҵ, ɳԽˣ϶ȻΪʲôǳԽȥԹӤȥ޹ȥػѣ
ټŭӲҲͬ⣡
˶, Ǹˣеô
ǳٵĲͬ, ԭͬ, һֱǱúúõ, ʹи, ǸںҲԭ, ȻԸŮ, ȥһ˫|Ȳзϵ˽顣
޷, ˵Ŀ϶ֹȡ
ôˣһգ۳Խʵʮ, û, ؼҷݼҵĺ, ϾԼѪУȵġ
΢΢һЦ, , Ѿˡ
ЩţûҺ|һ¾;ˣ
ٴεҪǳؼҵĲҵ, ؼΪԪ, ĲҵҲ٣ֻҪܻϾ²Ҷռȫ˰ɣ˵ֻ뷨֪ؼԸԸأ
ǻԸ⣿ɶռ˰Ĺĵ
Ц֣ͬˣ
һû͵ͷˣٵȥͷҧһ£ȣûͬⰡȥ|˵˵Ӯġ
áЦеͷ
󲿷ְӵĸĸ޷ķӵľԻٺͷӳͬмģ˺ǰߵĵ绰ߴȥˡ
ӳͻһ˵뷨һӦǲͬ⣬˵ԼĿĺ󣬷ӳȴǲһģ»Ҫ֣أϴǰûã˿࣬һôҲøҸ˼ҵģ
裬ΪĲǻѵ
ֻӳϣֱ˵Ҫҵôҵ㣡
ЦĴ|ࣺ裬Ի褲ƽСǾ͸ô࣬ɼһ㲻ܵҪһ˳ѧϰûԼİã˾ʼֲҵһ仰ֽĲҵң㣬Ὺ𣿡
ҲԭһӱŤϲҲԭȫһ˵ɵĺȴܡ
һ⡯ľӣӳҪ˵ŮĻȴ˵
ĳĬ
裬Ҳֹ׷˰ҪҵеʧҶǺˣԺҲڡ
ӳԼһ̲סͬˣŮһԺˣˡ
˿ˣ
ɱܣŮҲ˦˶ԷͳԽĻȥˣȫٴ顣
Ů˲ΪҲ֧֣Ǽҿ϶԰ĿΪ
ͨ󣬷ӳųжʱС˺ܶ࣬ûɿڣȥҵϵҲ
⻰ʹ֪ˡ
תͷٴθٴ绰ѾֱӾ֣鷳ȥؼһ£Ƿҵˡ
Էͬļʼǰٷ֮ʮţڻٲ鲻ԸУһ˵绰ͿʼԼʲ
ȻȫֲȥеѺһЩƱ֮Ӧûģͦĵġ
Ҫ⣬ֻܡһ޶һëˡ
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Цİĸͬ⻹ǲͬأ
ĸԥһ£˵̫˭Ҳ֪עʺ󻹻᲻⣬ϾǶʮڲǶʮԣ˵Խ⺢Ӿǿίˡ
˵϶ͬģһʼΪͶԻкøУǶԷ˵ֱףֱӽһԥնȥûͿȥ
ɾΪøУܾü޸ԽԷ˴ί
Ҳ˵Խճӣȱ壬ŮӿҪجΣС
ЦɲõģԽŲദ۸ҵģֻһ㣬ĸͷĿˣҪϹ𣿡
ĸ̾ϢЩˣȻԣҸֻгԽˣҪĽ飬ҺֵĹɷݣƽָ˾ҲǵģԽ£㵱Ȼùˡ
ôʽ𣬾ǲ飬õɷ
ֻǲ飬൱ڱϣҲЩġ
ĻӦҲǳųԽģǳųϣҪиӣ͸ôǻͷϡ
ǾͳˣЦеû
ĸͲﴫżϲõ|Ҳ̲סֻû⿩أԽѡ
绰Ҷϣĸȥ¥ӵķǰţһûᡣ
һˡ
ųԽȥΣǱֲ̫ʧȻ˵ÿζͷӦһ¡
ĸҪ⺢ĶԻЩøУȫ˭֪һԽԣһͨƢͽԼڷˡ
ҡҡͷشӿڴóԿ״򿪷š
ģһƬڣ˸ոտչһ⣬Դ
ĸֲ֣ߣߵβ𣺡¿˵
ĸոҺ˸绰ľġ
Ҳͬ⣡ԽȻߣ
ĸһӾͳˣƽʱûʱһĸ׵ϣ֮ǰлʱ˼ҾʹٲԸ⣬ҲᰴճĸҪһαųȥҲûжżǰĮ
ܲãڱԸ˵ǰ£˭˵õõĻش
ֻһΣĸսȭͷֵѾͬˣĻԼͻڸƾýϣȦ죬ƵʱҲȫϢܣĲԸ⣬֮ҾȥԺ˵岻ãҪú
ӶȻƿ¶ˣԼһ˫˼µ͵ִˣ𣿡
ԽĸЩǱĵͺһһʱ鼱Ǵûз㣡
ô˵ֻҸܵġԽٴǿҲͬ
ͬ͹ˣĸ
Խ򴽣Ŀܣһγĸֻǹ֪ͨģ˫һĸͱתȥ
ſʱһ͵͵ϵһҪ
ĸ΢΢üǵͷ
ȷʵҪӼһ£Ҳû뵽ͬˣӻᷴôҡ
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ݶˡ
ĸĸݹԻһ˺þûˣʱһ¡
ʵϾһԳؼҵ칦硣
ĸȻ£Ϊӵ͸¶һֱ۰ͰͿŸţûĽʱвζԴӡ
Դǰű˳εΣһ죬գϵĹƱǵͣ˵״̬
´д߿Ӧûʣ²ʮʱ䣬ֻҪ֮ǰڳʽǾʹҵڳʽ𣬾͵üעĸѡһٿ
ĸһͬɽ۷塣
ˣȻҪף󷽵Ľݶй¼ģ̹ȣҪˣͷʰˡ
ǾͲˣһһƿõĺƴ򿪣һ˵һƱɵòĸĽ̵úã
˵߶ϣżĽ
򵭶¶һĨǳЦƺ̫ˣϵľٱ
顪ξۻʽʼ
ЦŸǶڣ˳ģԴǿտյģܶ¶ûʲôȤˣ벻ֵķΧ
ĸǶֵˣڣȱȱ˸͸ЦһЩ߹ȥ˵ôͰҿ

Ĭһ£һȲͷ뷴ֻǺȻȴһ£ôôöû
ĸΪԼ˵ˣԽÿһ˵ʲô۹ⰡǰͷһΪңؼһϲ̨棬ƫƫ㻹š
⻰˼ϣûģǿ϶ٸؼˡ
ĸȻ̫⣬ЦˣţĲҲܸˣԺҲҪر֤ҪҿЩ˽ӣ
֪ˣһ䡣
ĸȴɢȥгϢˣҲôݣ˭ʣ
ҪܣĸȴߺһΧӵģ벻ġ


174  174 
ͳԽļ涨ڵڶ졣
ϾѾ, ɱʱ䣬ϹȥҲһ|
ҹҲƳ˰졣
ýӼ棬ҺͳؼҸĸҲ˵һ, һô죿ȶ飬ٽ, ôţԼױ⡣
ȻҪʵڲ, ɹϾʱҪǳԽڻϸŮû, ǾͲǽ, ǽˡ
ĸ̬ǿӲ, ҲΪʵڲԸ⿴ټļҵûˣȶӵԸҪ
ϣһˡ
ϻص, һԽ㲻ôùߵüͷ, һ·ƨ|ɺҪӡ
˸ۣ
Ҫһԭĵܵ, ϶ܰͰɻ, ðˣʲô̬ȣʲô̬Ȼȥ
һλûи죬Ӳ, ţСҪͳؼԽ϶ʶ
ŶΪõؼҼҲ, ױ̨ǰжױ
˸, Ʋ첻Ըţͼʲôʮע, Ϊؼҹ˾ȻҪкӴӣûӣԺң㻹ֿտգ
ô˵ⶼһʲ˵Ǹ˫|ȲзϵˣԼҽȻǶ飬ûӣҲÿҲá
ͷʲʮڰǮҸ˧Ůȫû⡣
ЦеͼЩ
ʵȻǣп޵飬ƮƮ飬ûԭ۵ףܻǸ߸ϵĸӶԷ
ԭɣǻʵʵǱȲҵģҪӲӲԿһǻңں
ҵλԣҲ˵飬˵飡
Ȼɲ֮֮ȥġ
ڼҲʵô磬Щûʲôر뷨һ˫Ӯѡ񣬺ֶΪ
³ˣҵǾ裬ν
ڳԽԼ̬ȣҲܸоһЩӦòھܾġ
Щ˵΢յİΪϴ˵Ĳҵ㣬ˣԾʽõ㹻Ĳҵ
Ϊ㣬ҾҪ
Ҿ֪ΪңΪֱҪˣСһ䣬˼󲿷ŮǼȴŮУúõһжֻи򹤵ķݣСʱΪƽҳ߹
͵һʱԹŨʱϲһҾһ㣬ŮҪŵĽȫһ
ھ£ΪĶʵҲǶΪ岻ڵĽ㣬Ҳڻѹ£߳
һ㣬ȻۣܿҲʵģҲǼͷеġ
ȻΪ֮ǰӸҪµģʵôʵʵģȻҪ㹻ļҵҲȥϾôļҵǸʮٸһõȻƴġ
褿ǰˣʹǳƺûаһĵطȫͬһ裬̥ϸʱھһʵı䲻˵ġ
ǹڻŮ¡
ιҿԷһҲġ
жױҪϴȻôһ䣬ˣ˵ʲô
һµ˵ҿԷһҲģҪǲһҲɣûҪԽ飬̫ˡ
һЦôӲˣѡͳԽ飬ΪԽͦÿģҵ
褴סŵô꣬û⣬˵
úÿаûķܵ
ɫѾ
̹˶òڣɴ೶佫Ƴȥ˳һţңͶǮȱǮ
ߣûһŶ뿪
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ڶʮ㣬һ¥档
׷װޣи䣬һȥͱƵƹ򿪣ͼһϵԼֱġ
Һðĵ΢Ƶģûòճ
ȻǲҰײҰ׵ģǾƵ꾪ˡ
Ƥ£ЦݣԽǸõˡ
ʮӣáԽʶشֻ˵꣬ЩյĴϵֽ˽ԭĿģӦöԶｫߵġ
ֱӹߵɳϣԱƣ˸պ棬Цĸ˵Ҫң˵ʲô𣿡
Խֱ̧Ϳһƺ˺ЩƯ׼Ȼ˼ȣ£˵
ٷԽԽҲС˺ܶࡣ
չȥţ
Խǰ͸ԼԽԽоѵģѵЩɱο㲻ֻñô
޹գۣһЩŶ
һ͵͵ӦƺЩί
Խͷһţ͵Ҿǡ
̧ͷȴһǳЦգżЦ⿴ԼûжĲмҲûͬ飬м׽
׽֮ǰûеġ
ڡԼ
Խסʶ㣬ԭͽŵĶ˺գһֱºȻˣҲЩڣ˵ʵעʶʮڣ㲻ҲõõģҰ費ͬ⣬ҿ԰㣬ûҪ
ҲҪһ߸һǰ˻ԸóʮڣǾͲװܹϡ
ԽųⲢ⻰ҲʲôٴεΣŬͳԽĿϡ
ûʲôرĺ壬ֻǱԼ̬ȣȴǰ˰ۿɼı졣
û
ԽŴ|꣬оԼֳˣһעڶԷ۾ϣϵĲ𣿣
һעǾ仰ϣ˵ԼʵҲЩøе𣿣
Խ·ǻıȥЩȱκˣɼʹ򴽣ûסй¶˼Ц⣬һԲ԰˼ġ
ںڻüԽһڽһ˵仰
ͬ⣬µľδڣǽ飬ʹҹҹҪ޷վĲзϣ
ЦԽ仰ҷܿǵĻԣǾ߰ɣȥһǻôٰ죿
ԽĻɾﻹзͷ
ǰŮӾȻվΣһ㡣
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ؼҸĸüЦĸأոǻ鷿סء
ЦеżӶúܣȰϢųȥһ¹ǡ
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Ϊǰһϣֵ̫ˣ˵ڶ켸
ĸŹǷ¥Ը嵭ʳͿұҴҴ¥ͷûһ£ʹ·شЬɫŹ֣·Ƶġ
ĸ٩զˣĸˣģ绰˵ˡ
ұڨЦҲǣǡ£Ȼȥ
עⰲȫĸҲǿЦĶţ
ֻǰųţݽŲŵߣĸͬסüһզˣҼҴͶ̥
Ҫ鲻ãôһȺɫ˿϶ⲻ𣿽ǹգȿؼҽǲǵͣˣ
ĸֻһϵЦȴ˲ʧĿĻѾ̣ͣˣ
ô£
عⷵգ
ĸĲ࣬Ҳ֪ôΣ£ҪעʣǽɷóȥóȥˣҲͣ
ò̫ԣҳҪһ³ؼ
û㿪뷨һȥһɫͼƬϲѶ΢һˣϺͻϹ΢׷תϲԼҴС㣨Сϰ壩ϲػҼ[ͼƬ]
ͼһǣգƬﹴСĴֶָֻһ챦ʯֶָܰ𪣬ĵǽָҲÿɫǴɫҲǸոĸġ
¿ֿ޷ŻͳԽҪ飿
ĸɫһŤζҪըˣæҵһ³ϵͷֳ˸ոϲţһƾٷŷġ
ϻƼͳϺʶʮڣʮڣȫԻΣĿɣٴ׬һʣȽ쿪ʼҹƱԷǡ
Ȼ
ĸ飬Ȼִӹɽ۷帩£ܵˡ
͵ؽֻ˳ȥٿֻˡ
顪ֻҪ͵͵˵ĳݽűߵĵשϣ߰㣬ͬʱҲס
ĸȻȺΪʲôˣ鶼ǿˣûһ˸ԼˣʱʲôҪ߸Ͻߣ
ݿɿˣ֪ˣûӮǰġ
ĸˣվԭƽһǻɷֻƽˣڵǰ˶ӵĵ绰
ҹûϢģҲûչôȥԼǻչˡ
ҲǸѣͷţӵ绰Ҳûôˣ
ĸԽĺ£ͳԽȻҪ飬ԸΪؼעʶʮڣ

ôܣ
⻰ĻƣûЦɹȴһֱƣģ
ǲţһ仰ûüӦĸֱӴֻš
ȿֱ꣬Ӿһܳ
ǻһŭ˶ˡ

ڳؼҳµʱǻעʣʲô˼˵ĳ˾ѣˣ
Ĳǡҿ϶óĶʮڣ˵а


175  175 
˭Ҳûϵһôһ֡
˵עʾע, ʮڵʽ̫ˣ
ȫȻڳؼҺ΢ϵ, ͣ°Եġ
ΪæϷҲΪȦ, ٳڴҰ, ҪǺľ˽ֵƴﶼˡ
λһ, ôһ, һðͷˡ
6666, ֱӼӳǰ˺ֵ̫ˣ
˵˭ҪŮˣ
¥ϱͼڣĲǸ
˱ˣԹϳԹ, һֹ, ˷עʵĶʮ, һʿǰĿ
|ۣͻȻǰˣ
Ҳ, Ϊǰ|죬޲Ʋƫⷽǰ绹Ǻܴ󷽵ģ˭˳ؼ, Цˣ
û˹עԽ˵Խ̫ã氮
氮ɣҲѡԽ˵ǰǰ׸쭳, һһ, ζ, ôҵ޹ȥҲͦõġ
ܾò氮鼸°
ﴫһֻҲÿЩۣɫһãȴҡ
̫ˣ
ƾŻһɧպ࣬ҲٶδˣҸĸҲԽ¥
һǽȴͷѵͬʱŭ⣬ƫƫЩģп˵ˡ
ȴֻԵɡ
ȻЩˬȻ޵ǸмɳؼҲǮֻҪΣɹǺ̡
Լ
ӣЩżԴǴξƺ⣬֮ҲǴյĸңɴ̫࣬æˣעŴףһǰûԻļ
û˺ӣûмټĸۿǮģһֱų⣬ҪҴţ̫ˣ
ͻĲࡣ
ҲʻǣѾӵôõļӵôĸĸԼϲˣʵϲĶ
˼Ժ֣︡ջ¶һĨЦ⣬˳΢ϵǵɫŲҴҵ߽䣬ѯʵôˣǲﲻԵ㣿
ɫģ͸¶һֱƸУﲻˬҹ˾ƣɬ˼ԷҡҡͷˣȻع˾
ɵͷãǱ˳Էθܡ
šǿܵĵͷ䣬ԡˮͷ£ͷ͵Դ滺һЩɫҲԽ
Լ̫󷽣һ˶Ҫըܡ
˵˹ˡ

٣һֱԸⷢһĻΪ˴ϻɴǻΪޣǻᡭ
оһϢܡ
ϲӦŶ԰Ϊλôܣ
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պٽ꣬ΪڴҶæҪִپٰҲ㣬˻ڶ£պա
ֱӳԷûдٰ졣
ȴһ˿Ĺˡ
Ҳ׵֪һ죬ػһԷʽΪͳԽ顣
һ죬ҹ˵ؼҸһΡ
һ졭
֪ϢԽ࣬Խ꣬ей춼һ˭ǷǮһ
˾Աһߣ±մȾϡ
Уˢøжȣÿ綼ԷǸͷ
Ƣ꣬ķƵƵޣÿȥҲһ͹
ⰾһЩ
ͿʼģĭƲˣ嵭ӳɵĽ͵ǰ
ֻʱһرԱɫ̫ã԰ڰ֣Ҳԡ
Եɣ϶ûˡֽǰ͡
Ҷ˵ˣ͵ԼˣǱ꣬һ֣ŭ

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һۣ˵Լһѹǣɫ̫Ѩûʲô
δδ£СǲǲҪӣ
һ죬˵Ĳʱ֣൱ʧˣǻعԻתԸҵġ
֪ԼĲص
˷һŮ겻˵ллԼܶණ
ƫƫĸͬš
Լһӣģ޷ģ·ֻҪӦ⻰ͬص˵ĸһ˴ҽԺֻÿ¥ϵֽ㴫ʱ
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˵⻰ʱԼĵʲôڱûмӭϲãеֻһϢܡ
ΪӣʧȥʲôҪĶ
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϶ʮ壬ڸյͣҸĸϣиӣһתȥٳûϢֱڡ
ȻҸĸҲҵĴС㣬ֵ˾֪΢е̵˼ҶŮŮģҪҵģǻ粻
ټҲǸᱻ˿Ƶģ򵱳Ͳͻ顣
ȢѾɵûѡѡ
ȻӣǾҪ󻯣û죬ҵϢʹˡ
ΪػϢҹɼµ״ʱΪϢʼˡ
ĸҲ¶Щ⣬ҵ칫˾ĵ绰ŶԷĸֻ񳡾װͼԼгɫ̫õĶӣݹȥ˵㿴ĸ⣿
ôϱҪͳػҴ̨
ôðá
ķңָһ
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㣡
ĸۣʲô˼Ļƾʲôģ
ˣû֮ǰͻĻҲ㸺ôһˣԼͺ˰
ĸҲˣֳֺõĸоͷҹȥ㻹ȻҪȢôھ͸һˣαȢ鲻ͺˣ滳ǲϲģ
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176  176 
˾޴, ڱء
ԭϲϻȴ֪СʱǸСŮԼĳ档
ǰͼ, ܵ޷, ԼΪ嵽ϲ˭Ѻûͱ˶飬Ҳˣ
ʧǣĸŭ, Ϣļ, Ҫص֮ǰͻס
ֻǵǰ, ȴѾˡ
Ҳȥˣ
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Ũصʱ, ֱӾóֻĵ绰ֻǲҪ, Ȼ, Լˡ
㬷£Ĭĳ, ˼Žô졣
, ᲻᣿
ֻǻûȻ, ĸĵ绰ȥˣ, ҽԺˣϽȥҽԺչˣ
һ仰ֱӽ뷨ɢ˫|ʶվߣﲻԸ
ɵģӺڰȳԽĺٴηڰУ
ӿʱĨ˰е
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һ߱ŵڳؼһ¥ĵӰͳԽһ𿴵Ӱ
ͬҪ˵̸ϣֻҪԷǴˣŬ飬ʵڲУҲྴ
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ûϣġҲѾˣԶ̿ƣҪһ쵽ǣʱһӿ
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ȻĿĲˣɼȻҪˣĭܱྴá
ӰǸЦӰȫֺǣԽҲ˵ԭԸȥ磬|䣬Ǣ
ȵӰ꣬򿪵ƣصͶӰǣųԽȥʱպ룬İ̹˵ո߽㣨Խĸף绰˵̫æͲˣС㣬ԽҪԵʲô
ǳؼݣҲ׽
Щ⣬֮ǰιظżæĸÿζԷģתһ룬עҲʼ룬ȫԸʱæҲӦõģͷʣʲô
ǵóĸ˵ԽЩʳ
Խ㿴ʲô
Ǿ˿˵
áԽɵĵͷ
ЩĿ۳ԽȻЦãһЩˣǴＹһŹǣһСԼһѼô
ðӦ
ֵһûԽķԣЦ˵δԱߣԽθڶˡ
˵ߣǳԽɫ΢죬̧ҪˣֻһӰ
α棬Цȥ԰
šԽͷ
£ȥ˹裬һһ򴽺ţԽȻ˵Щ£ҵø˵һ¡
ţƫͷע⵽۽üҵֻǳԽǽëԲЩЩ֣أ˶٣ĵİڳƣţ˵ɡ
ԽҰ衭ʵû㿴ôãУ˾ҪģΪΨһĶӣںģԺܾǵˡ
ͻŮڲͬؼҸĸļҵԼ˫ִƴģϺʱҲǿӵôļҵ
Ϊ˹˾æ˼ǳ£ԽĻﳤ
СḸĸӣȻαذ
ǰʱźúõأŶã鶼ûᣬԭα¶װװ
Լѹ֮ǰࡣ
Ȼס֣ģԺ㰡Ҫҹæȥ˾ҡ
ԽɫͣȻ糺죬С֣Щȡ
Ůˣ
ºֻͣ᲻ʱһģû취Լ
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ʵӦܶഫԣ˵Ҹĸ֮ǰûȢϱؼʵģֻҲԸ⣬ҪǸҾ̨ȥˣû
ЩĿȻóԽʮа|û⣬Ҳҿ϶
ҪΪγؼҵļҪǸԽȢҲǿԵģֻһֱû
ԭ
ĬĬһ㣬š
ʢ쭳⣬˫|ȲзϣΪ춼ˣɵҾһҳŷֻиµ£ҵĸĸҳʱֻżҲ￴ң˫|ȰʮΣŲý֫Ϊ̫æˣҪ׬Ǯȣʵʱ򡭡Խ죬񶼱óˣͺһҽԺԹӤ
ǷңҶûӦԼ˵ʱǾͷˣҪ϶ˣ
ԽڶͷһᣬԼѹʱ򣬸ĸȴѡץʱֱ̥ӷϴ
ԽڽʮǰǸʱǰҲǸոбҵû緢ꡣ
ѹôԱǴ̡
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ʵҺóֱûˣôЩ£ҲЩˣҿסݿסԼҲУʼţʮ꣬˾;ңԽ˵⣬Цһ£Ȼֵˣֿϣ϶þ˵ģҡҲǾ˵ģҪ㣡
˵Խ̧ͷǰˣȻԼúý·ԷĺǽģȣŵҪܿע⵽Լ˿̾Ȼţ
⡭ôԼ
Խţܶ㿪ˣӦһ㡣
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ȷʵһƬ޷
Խüͷ΢壬ۿɼʧ䡣
Цˣ٩ȴ֮Ժ󻹿ǵĺӣ
ƫص㣬ЩصķΧתơ
Խˢĳ׺͸˲ӣͷᶨĻӦţ
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ˣһ
ת뿪
ҪϵֻţģſȥԷ
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ƵκһΣһ쵽ǰǣǣ
Խ㶣һ¡
㡪ҪջأԽϽס


177  177 
ڴҴҹȥ
쳣æµ, ǰСƵվǩͬȵ⣬гؼһҪݷã˴ʮ, ǰǰûϢʱ
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ŮǶеģ
ˣֻ˵仰
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죡ȵ
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ŪǲܵģС
ԭôɰģ
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̲ȥˣ֡
ǰûаֳɡ
һǰ¸߸ЬЬԽԽˣ
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ԭͲõɫò԰ࡣ
ţˣΪģֻûθڣ׼ɷμĶǻ°˻һζͷ˯ƺ
ÿҪ˵仰ҪҺΪڡ
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ΨһĲңžǺͳؼɡ
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ȴŹҶϵĵ绰ͬ˿һļ£ҪĨǱ߸ЬһƤĵط|ֲۣҶֻܽӲڳ¶ӾľãȻɫ
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һͨˬڶպǺͳԽȥ֤ӣȫЦݲá
죬֤ϢϣõһƬף
ڲ̫õֱӱˡ
֤ҲʽˣڳؼϢģˣԺÿ³ؼһһסҪ񣬾ȥؼҡ
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»Сû˴ţһ˯ʮ࣬Ǳòϵľһ绰ˡ
ԺЩż˵㿴ϣ˽ϹԽóˣڳö£ˮ̫ͣ࣬
֪ˣȹ˵绰ȥ΢ͼ΢һ桪
ϹĿ
һ㶼Ҹ
ʵеҵ


178  178 
Ե, һЩ߰ӪŴĽ࣬ͷ⡣
õ㿪ֻѴ, ֪Ǹʲôˡ
㿪һ, ͼһӪŷݣ֪֪Сӣ˶ףɷԽȻΣ֤ͨϵƬһЩСֵ, ô氮һ, ʵ, ˵ܳ谮Ļ, ҲֻĹˡ
ٽǼͼ˵һЩ˵ıϡ
ڳؼķ˵, ˵֮ǰڳؼķ, ʶλүƢ, ȣƢ粻, ؼĸԸݼҵĺӣҲûЩ飬˵ǲ˵˵˽, 氮Цɣ
ʶڳϹ, ˵еļγԽ˾Ǵ, ֵôҶ²̨, Ƣ, ˤǳ£һп֢
͸¶ҺͳؼʵĽ飬ԻûбѡĺֻҪ棬Ҳ
ٿۣȫǡۻҪһ뱲ӣ£
|ۣô꣬϶ұɣأ
Ǹճһӣֽһұӣ۹⣬ˣ
ʵĺ𣿻֮ǰӪŮǽŮ޸һ֢Ĳзϣ
жŻ˿ԣܣֲûǮҪȼ޸˰
ǲۣȻˮѻȡϢЩ˵ˣţҪԼ϶⣬ǹҪǳԽ
Ŀʲô
ֶӦòԴ󣬲ķԭѲ࣬˸٣ΨС
ԭˣڿǵˣ
˼꣬Ҫ˳һ
ƫͷȥͼԽ֪ʲôʱҲɫ˯Ҳûɫúһ㣬ĿЩۣ°͸ļϣΪݣ°Щˡ
ţԽɫתΪίֽסͬʳȮҧҵģ׼ܣ
װͰ͵ģȻ󱳵ŴҵʾĽš
û뵽˥»ڶϾͳǰĻϲδˣͬһˮ£¡
᲻úֻ߾ü޸Ҫ뿪
룬ֻܸıǰŮӡ
Щεֱۣ˿üһֻʹˣŬһڳԽϡ
|һóԽסˣѸټˣգۣȻֱĿ΢΢죬ȴˡ
עתƣϵȻࡣ
΢Ťһ£󣡡ȻЦʣõ𣿡
Խۿɼұߺһ㣬ǽĶĴߴ٣Ҫ
˳ӵһұߵա
ˣֱ۳и|ϲãСĵ̽㡭˵𣿡
ҪͲҰָؼˣ϶ǵĻԽԣⲻ˵Ŀ˵֤ˣѲ뷴ڣ
ȻԽɿҡͷ³ᡣ
ʧЦⲻͳˡ
Խ׿ˣֻǻһ˿ǣεĻȷʵˣƢҲϲŭ޳֮ǰΪøĸʹ죬΢е㲻˳۾ͷƢ
ؼҸĸҲΪеΣÿÿݡ
Ƣ⼸ԽԽ
Ĳм˺ܴӰ죬ʲô|ʲôκʧȥɫʣֻսˣΪԼĴʹ
ǸƶΣһԡ
ȣЩ꣬ΪʲôһˤˣһģģͿġ
ɵڣԽֻһεԼûǸʱƢûðԼ
ԽЦţüĳɣһĿȻ֪Խ˼|Уһֱעţüͷ塣
Եޡ
Ǿж
΢ѯʵ𣿡
Խ˼Ƭ̣ҡͷ⡣
ǳɣĵͷ˷˼Ϣʦø͸棬Ĳùܣٰæϵһ֮ǰĽĿȡõһڷмα
õظصֻóԽĿԼִչȥ˱Ц簲~
Ȼƿ´
Խԭأøxҩһ
ֱԡˮ΢յôǰ˵Ů̫ΣʧȥȤġ
*
ʱѾʮһˡ
һ¥Ʈ㣬ŵűĶӣˮֱ
ڻİ£ѧ˽Խιҵ¥ݷϣȻһ°ťԼ£ȥηһΣһǣ
ؼҸĸһ춼ڼڵȵӺͶϱ˵һʱ俴
Ҳǲڣ˶ûվڿɳ͵飬ȿͨ죬۽üҶЦ⣬ϱȻûôɬҲԵϲɫ˶һۣ
ؼҸĸŬЦݣ簡ӶҪȳԣ
裬˼̫ˣ˶ӣôˡЦЦҲǺܶһһ԰ɡ
˵꣬öһȡ
ֻŵĳԽĨĶӣֺܿÿӶˣȳԷùǡ
ؼҸĸ
һ£׵ĳ滰ֱӲʲô˳Խġ
ίĿûпɫѾ˵˵ʵѽ~
֪ĴСǹģɻǱĿ⿴ЦЦؼҸĸ
ؼҸĸæ߹Ҳˣһһԡ
緹ʮһչˡ
û뵽ôͳ緹ЩżڷӵĻǲԵ÷ǳ㣬ȷźͬˡ
Ϊϰ壬ЩȦͼԾ˱ˣϰҪʲôǾְԹ֮ǰζ硢֤羭˶вμӣԳԽİ˳ؼҺֱӸȥ¥ͬ͵ǰ
Ŀ24СʱΪ˼¼̶αԼмαһĻγɣһգʱ͵պܻӭȻۣҲˣʱЧ죬ܹﵽҪ
һʮڣ¼һηڲţʮСʱ¼ƣʱСʱĲڲꡣ
Ϊ֮ǰľܾĿѾˣΪ⣬Ŀαԭˣ֮ǰһڼαˣ㣬ǻһõԴ˵ͬע¼ҪڣĿӰ࣬ĩᲥҪǲУ͵ƺˡ
Ҫ飬ӪŸ飬ϣĿҲüӰˡ
ӹֲͬ鿴һ£óԽˣνĿңǸս飬Ҳص㣬ͷв֮һģܽ𣿡
Խͷˣ˵ãŴ󾭼ˣ¼ӽ𣡡
ЦˣһۣûͿǩͬȻ˼һθ¼ʲôҪǵãպáտΪŮݣѾȱϯ˺ܶһҪǵ
ͷһЦõģ
㣬ݸ˯ѵѴ΢ͿעĻ˺ŷ˸΢Ȼô֪ҲҸĩʮġʮСʱ~ps¼Ѿƻ̨ÿʮ£
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ֻȻ΢رʾ
˾;ˣóֻͿһ΢ĬƬ̣ԵϽһȦ
ȻŲ£Ǿͺúÿû׼ſţͷˡ
ң˯Լóֻ¼΢һۣһֱֻӵ䴲ס
һݵСǴ㵺ͻš
û
Ȼ֪£ӦΪ޷˶ѹ𣿲Ӧ뾡취µĻ
ؼо޶ҲɻҲȱǮ̯ôһзϻ֢ܼұɷ򣬾Ȼ˼ϽĿ


179  179 
ͼƻЩ
, Ϊ̬״̬ͣʱجģֿʼˡ
Ϊ֮ǰ۹̫Σĸδ, ̵Ĺ, ŷĲԡ
Ƚ͵ҽԺ, ҽ, ˵ǰףҪƽһ㣬ĸšü˵ʲô˼ҺóԺúȵĴ, ׼, 㻹ⲻ˰
ûôˣ
԰һЦ, ޷
˼, ֲ˵, Ϊڵһʵ͵ġ
ѶҴҸ, һʱǺڡ
Ҫƴһ¹ⱬȥֻҪһ, Լ֪Լ޵ʲôˣ
ֻЩףֱۣһ̼۰ˡ
񵹺, ŪֱΪϽĿһѵľǰ, С𵱳ҽԺ, ֱ֪
, Ψۿţ֪Իر֪ˣ룬ͱ
ӣΨһıӦΪԴ
ӻ۲ۣ
ǰѯʡ
ЦݣҡҡͷöˣһӾ͸оƵģˡ
ĸƲƲ죬Խ
Ȼϲ̨ŮˣȻһˣɫȷʵ֮ǰһЩˣӵϣĸûж˵ֻǲŸ߸Ьȥ
жӣбķҲǰۡ
ûĸĲˣǰô˵ҲʱΨһô⣬ʱŮֻĺӡ
̾ϢͷһƬȴһĶӣҲãæˣҼһ㹤㡣
ԴӶԳؼҳʧˣóؼҺͻ֣ʹҲ˳ۣΪ֤Լ˺ܶ๤ͬʱҲΪӱܣ°ʱԽԽĩӰǳ¡
ȴ˳׺
ҲԴ֪ϲ˲ԼĲʱ벻ԷϧϲѾˡ
ĩͳԽദҲͻģúõغһӭӡ
ͷһã
֮죬Ȼ˵һΪҪӣʹһȥ˾Ӫĵϣޡ
һʱѣһȺͲ󵥴СĽԼһȺ·˵ĳ
ڶ죬һδαĵȥ档
氮ֱϣֻǻûͱһѸˡ¼磡
Ϊ˲ȶȣ¼ϷҲ㣬˵첥ţΪǰȻСɱҲûʲôã籾ãԱպˣʲôʲô˵ڶ첥͹ڡ
ʹҶϲһû߳û٣ˮҲͲֱһպð˼꣬һڶ˻Ȼ֣ԭһ ־¶ֻ˭ûע⣡ 
ٽ֮ǰһЩϸڣǽ˸ͼûһ㾵ͷǿģɾȴÿһ֡涼޷
ϧƫƫŮǱȽİף˿࣬ˮǵСƵ΢bվȵطȥɹڵһ󣬽ѡ
ѣ˾͸ˣ˶äױ֡
ʱѷ֡ıһ˳λȻǻ
Ѹը
Ȼǻ褣˭ţ
ɵ齫ͱд籾ʱĳؼ뷢ѲͣòžͷϷɾ䣬ư˧̵ŮͬʱҲǱ磡
պʱȥѱȥΪ̳˷޸ãҲͷ˸ѡ
ǰη޷ֱѣһӪ裬һҵ𣬸ûסٴ²
ǰ˺ĸ绰ʱѾϳ˰죡
ԼȥϿһ£˳һʱǮѣָ򸸴绰Ҫһ֡
Ȼ󱻲̫˵򸸽ѵһ٣ȵ绰ҶϣͷͿĵɫЦЦûʲô£õģ˵ĸ¾Ϳ̥ˣǺӿĸ˰ɣ
Цһأļ
ЩЦЦ״˵ˣĩҾͲˣиƲĿҪӴһ¡
Ľ˽ע⵽˵⻰ҿ΢΢£ǹɵĵͷ
*
ܿһĩˡ
24Сʱʮ׼ʱ£㿪ۿ
̶αλмαһλһſǻģͿһֱȿһſ濴
ĻҲкܶΪǰЩѶϹģֱӰڻһſȻš
۾һװ޴͸¶Żı
ͷӱͬĵطʱʾߵ롣
Ҳ̫ˣ
ǵúԼһʱôѲǳؼҪģ
ʱͷһӵ˯еˡ
һ˲ӿհˣһµûŵʹĸһ鶼ۣ΢һ£ȵط۵Ƥ顣
뵽ġ
ֻû뵽ôԽܡ
³һЦһͼĻһŵģ
ֵȻܸߣ䰡
ҸҸ˭˵Ҹģ
˭֪ʲôģ
û׼ȳԽˣһŽߣ
Ų̫гĵĻõһ˿ο
ʱȥԽ۾ԺһºСķſˣȻ˳ӡ
˫ȲߣͬʱҲ˲˶˺ܲıֱһţʹӴƵϣϴԡҡ
ľͷԿԼϴȻӼ࣬һԵƤڹ̶λãԼȥ·˳㽫ӵ·á
ȫԼֶΣĶСٳȥˡ
ʮӺ˲Ҳ֣䣬ˢˢȫûûࡣ
ٽһ·õľǳԽ׼õ·
¥һ¥;׼ˣؼҸĸ㶼ڣ˶к
Խӳ̶̣һһɰЦ˵Խĺɰȵһʱɺ̫ˣ쿴
~ȷʵܴˣĵĸ佱Ȼչȥһ¡
ؼҸĸֲ֣Լġ
һĸЦ
׵ĵˣֱӺ͸ӲʵĹԭмĮһ죬ֱӱʮ㣬ĻǰѶըˡ
ûˣ
ȻС̹㣡Ҳ˻ұ
ҾöŻǷƢģȫס˰
˭˵Ҹ
˭֪ǲװģⶼʲôʱ˻ʮТˣ
ƾԱǸĸһԲǵһΣ
Աߵİ̸һģһÿɰ
Խ֮ǰ£ѾЩˣȵǰŻչȥ׳ԽǽĿΣ
һ鿴ţ۾ħƵ޷Ųˡ
òϣҪⲻϷԽԶԶĺãѹ֮ǰȥᱻľܾ
ʱ绰˵جˣˡ
ƹصƵϵĵһȥ㣡
ϲ㲻Ҫͻ𣿡
ͻԼҲ£ǰˡЦıۣ˵
ûһͬ㣬ʶѾΪԼ֪޴ʧȥ˻
ȻǾʱĨ⣬úõعɡ


180  180 
Խ
24Сʱ
Ŀ, ͬʱǰʮڴǰ
ѶǲƬΣڽĿĵһʱͿʼģһ佱Խ嵰úܺ, , ܴ, ۿɼͷ˰Ƥֱ͸, ΧȻֲ֣ҲЦݡ
ӵƵһǣ, ̰, һҪ֪ĸӾƬΰ
ȲԵѿĻشҲˡ
, ⾹ȻֻһյƬΣ
̻ǼǰڳǸ
˴ˣ
Żܵźͮͮ, Ƶapp, һ, ĸЦˡ
С̹ζôÿ
ԽԸҪŻ
ˣҪȥϰ, С̹ſĿĻ飡
ϰӿ˧Ů, ǡΪʲôȥǳϰ
Խһڼ氲ȥ, Ӿ绹ͦÿ, Ҳ˧, һʱѲ֪Լڿˣ￴Ӿ硣
ЩЧġ
СڼֻܿŵĵӾο塣
ǵӾ翴ˣóʱֲ֪ʲôˣֻǷһܡ
ڵ磬ӵ
Լһӻ谵˹ʣΣţٵſӭӣԼһĨЦݵȴŰ˻عӡ
ԼèèȴԼؼʱӣķˢˢİݣб¸ҷ갡⣡
ǵģСʱƵ˽
û֪Ǹʲôӣ۵ķΧȴ˶üġ
ƽÿԤѶֵİԤ濴ˣǵƬȷʵ̨ɷãһû͸¶뿴ݣǷ׷ܵϰؽĿ飬Ǵ
һ֣ȶȾ͸ˣԷƵǡ
24СʱĹԱ绰ϲ̨⵽һſߵģϲ
ͬϲͬϲЦǺǵ
Աûһ롣
ܾˡ
֤󣬳ؼҸĸתһֹɷݹϵȷԽ˾͵ù̫æˣѾûʱһҵ
*
߷޺ֱЩԣҲ˿ʵĳԽٶ޷վѾĺˡ
·޷˵һûܣΨʲôĺڷۼ֣ҲÿÿǱӴڡ
һߣԾĵҲǷ޹ϵ֡
ÿ춨°ƽʱøǽȥȾƶȥڼ
Щָܳڱķˡ
չ˵úãҲˣͳˣ̥Ҳࡣ
Σ߱Լ˯ˣžɣԺҲԻʲôˣǧҪ֡
һһݣĩ죬ʮѾȥˣԼҿֻҲ
ֻ⣬ԼҲᡣ
·ûǵģȵ緹˯
ֻǵ˯Ѿû˵Ĵڡ
ֱԣѾһ£Ѹóֻһʱ֣մ֣Զƥһѡ̸СʱסԺ

Ǳø߸ߵģֺݺݵڵϣˤǻ۵ġ
Ȼĳˣ
ô𣿣
Ұһҵֿʼˣ亹৵ڶͷըϹҶۣ
Ϲ
û
ˣԼԴ120ȣԸ⣬ΪԼģӴĺϹҶӺ۰
ʱŴ򿪣˫Ŀͷң·ҲȻֳ޷йķŭǰ
ס󣬴ſǻͰ͵ĺϹҶۡ
ҪװٴβŻỻһУ˵Ƶʵһ˫Ƿ̣ƺ˶͸ˡ
ȼ|޷͡
ʱǰǰֻ͵ǰңҽԺ¥ֽСŮ˭˭
ԽԽ󣬵ĸ֣ˣ
ֻﲥŻżЦõĸо˵ҺϲԽӣֻǱڰסˣߣ˵߶ǲʺ硣
ʣʱ䳤ˣ𣿱ϾҪ㡣
ᡣЦҡͷҲĸоСʱҲæеܵҪչˣһڲϣо綼ǻɫģǲﻹиСŮĸĸÿȫһҿѹˣҲҪһһֱҵ飬ֱʿ˵¥иҲСѣҾһߵһ죬Ӧˣرģоϣÿ춼ҪֽߣҶ÷·벻ˡ
һ죬ȻԺҴȥûȡˣҲûбú֮ǰһɥΪѾָˣһ죬ʹʱߣҲٺԼ
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Ĵˡ
ֻǰȻóֻ棬Ϊ˽ȡرע΢ǵһʱյѡ
Ϳһ֣ǰҽԺһСкһߺͶԷ¥¥µȹѰӣ뻹ͦģҲ֪Լôеģӡ
ôһۣסƵոŵǶλ
ˡ
ԭһֱҪúðˣʵѳΪӣֻ֪ΪϴǸˣһٵ˺
ôЦ
Ըţһţȴòȷʵʵ߻ĺʹѾˣΪ֪ʹо󲿷̶ֳϷ
Ȼˣٺȥǰ칫˶ҪΪʲôˣֻܽȥƵźһ˫
ȫֻŭɪһ£žŶӣһѹӣͷĬĬᣬ·Ǳ۸С
ش̬ȴ˿ó
ʧ̵ЦЦֶȻֻˤȥ顪ǽķѡ
µһţҶ
һΪʱ꣬ޱȣɴʱֻһЦ⣬Լô޴Ȼϴˣ
ԣļǵõԼǸС˵ԼߵСŮģ
ӡΪ̵ģ
ԲŻڸֺ󣬵һʱȥȻһģ
㱼䣬Ȼ飬ʵңͻһǲ㣿һʼƭң
ˣ
֮ǰ˵ҲסԺ
һûɣΪʱ߸պöԵϵģ
ǲ˵
ڶʵж౬ŭж຦£ֻȵػסĺӣάסϵ
ǰģһ˭õôҫۣǻϲˣǰǲǽŸյͷ˵ԺŮˡ
һʼ֪飬æĴȥǰҫˡ
Ⱥ֪ԼղѣҲĽ˧ѹãòԵʵӡҲ̣ѵʲôò˵ģ
ð棬£
ãʲô˵ò
˭֪ᵽĵز
ڼװӣЦ˵
شҰһʼ趨ƭ֣
㻹Ļ
˵ʲôѣǮԸ㣬ҲԼİɣ
Ǳģ
ڽ֮ǰһΪϲ˾ߣȴҪ㣬һῴ󵼵ڣ
˵·ߣעⲻģһȫˡ
ܵľʱǸŮӣߣʵĸоûƭԼϲĻǻ
ƭΪԼĸоҲˣһڣڳ|졢顢Сں顣
ȴδɹ
Ĩ˰૵̫ˣ
ƺĻڴһֱĬĬŮ͵̧ͷһʼǰ˵ҪѵģңҺ֪ԭһжΪСʱһʱ˵֣
ɫܻڴͷϣңҪʼ͸ңǸŮһ𣿻𣿣
ѹ㲻ңĺӣ۵ġ
ŭеɫסӲ˺һץͷ޼ˣҧгݵģ֪ϲӣԹ⻳еĶԲԣ㻹ݣΪ˼޽ңľסҵ


181  181 
Ȼǹġ
˺Ӹɱһ, Ȼڶﺢӵķϣʲô
һʼҪľҸ
ֻΪԼƼ, ˭֪÷»Ƿˡ
˭ϲ, ʵһʼͲԼأ
ѹί, ҲѾܺˡ
ռƻк, 뱣סҪ̵λ, ָȫֳ̱Ĭ
̬Խ, Ҳȷʵ޿κ, ûŮǰ˻Ǹи, ĺӻԼ, ʲô
˶ã˭Ҳκβ˭
һ, ת뿪
ȻҪ̵λãǾ͸ġ͸оһ, ĻŮͬЩʱ, 
ֻǵ߳˹˾, 뿪ټĳ, Ȼûһȥġ
ΪȥĵطѾȥˡ
һǰ, ųԼͻ޿, , ֪ԭСʱԨԴ, ҲʲôӦ
һֱԼ

Ի˵ǸСкֻСʱദһİˣ涼û̸ϲϲ
޷ȥˡ
һȣֱе·ȥĲ˵һ㲻дš
ڰ칫Ϣ޴Ļ̿ûϻһ˿ãȻ
ڰСʱ֮ǰҸС
ΪὫ˵ˣôҸˣôͻ£һ˯ѣٵľǾѡ
ô죿
˴Ⱦһڵϣס˴أûȥ
Ǹոձŵá
һһװ˶׳˷ŭ̫ˣ
Цһ£ȥϴ˰̵ĳȥ
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ģżɵɵ˼һҪӶŮ˸Ҿ˵ǮˣƫƫҪţ϶֪˶ʲôӦ
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þˣͻסͬһõõƣͬʱǮҲˡ
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֮ĸ֪ں̸ֱңһ֧Ʊ
̰ƣּӼ۵ſĸĻټҳһĸæڼͳĬĿţҲûԡ
ʱС֪һó򣬾ʹóǮԹԳˡ
󣬼ʶôķ֣ųԼʱΪʶ˶Ľ
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תתôãȻʧȥӵеԼҪģʵҲ
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ĸûĵҲȶϱԷ£Լ绰
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ĸŲԾ֪ʲô޷ͨ绰סڼȴҲ֪ͨһʵڹ죬򸸡
üͷûڹ˾ֵµ˶֪ȥˣһΪˡ
ĸɫˣǳ˰ɣҪҪ
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÷ǳˣǿ־˷ǳ㿪ӿѣȻѾͷ֣ף˺֮ǰбһȺǸ
ǰɣ⻹ˣʱ䲻һֱС氮ûԶ𣿡
|ۣǣʱ;񣬾ЩǷϣѿʱһΪǼٵģû뵽ģ[ͼƬ]
ʮƵģǲƲˣ
пܣȻ
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װûЦݣҸ˵ûúóԷЩ飬ò
ȥû𣿣
ߣֱӳͷҹȥ
ȴǿţͷڵϡ
û֡
ЦάֲסһŶӣ⴩һ·Сж͹һССĻȣ򴽵㲻˵һԼĺѹ𣿡
Ц˵úѹڿûʶҪǲȥҾͳȥˣ
ֱҪ
߹ǻۣطҲˣһƤ۵ֱ飬һᣬ±ºУתȥ
̬ȶӵķԸķĶˣ࣡
ȻŮɵһˣ˵ĻһӣֱĿڣ
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182  182 
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߽˳, æµ, ҲûɶʢֵĹպڡһº, ǽǵѩݵġ׷Ҳˡ
֮ǰһ, պ˸աֽ顢Сĺÿڱȶȷǳ, ˾һδδ͡
ĲУ绰״
ϰˣۿѩͱĹ˾, ô鰡
Դֻ˵Ҳ, ʹһ, ˵׷һԶĵӾ磡
Ҫʲô
˾ɲ
ûѵҪѩ, Ȼ۶
Ц֮ǰģϷ;ѩҸ, ǰθڴֵ, Ⱦ粥, Ǿ֪, ʲô¡
˳ɵⲿԭܻ𣬶ȷʵŮҲãϷҲܺã¡
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϶
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׷һʼȶȲȻæȶȣǻɻһ£ֻǺܿѩǱߵõظ϶ʢǱѩˣæģš
鰲ˣ
ΪԭΪӣҵѺʹγһӡ׷ôǸǾ磬һӺÿ
Ҷǳڴ
ڴһº󣬵Ӿ׷ڲ
ѿž飺
ʺš
飬ƣƫƫֺͼﲻһһʱ䲻֪ԼǵӾĴˡ
һʼ
ȵԽԽľ鲻һŮˣ˧ռһ֣ˣ˧ռһ֣鱻ȼѹΪ˽һòٺܶǸ߹ʱ̡
صʵҲǸŮľ硣
ΪǸϷ˺ܶ࣬һҽɸ̵ҽЭưܶŮĸ߹ʱ̣˹ȥ
ѩûѹס
һ׷ڱọ̈̄ΪԭģôһǣӪϣһ磬ȷʵԵľ磬²ۣŮķ˿Ů˿ԼżϷˣ˿Ŭά˫սʽ졣
ȵڶʶ»Ƶappϵ½ÿ죬ôҲȲ
˾ŵƽ̨ˡ
ѩĵⲿ󱬣ԼһߣʱΥԼĹ˾Ȱȣȵ½4.5
⻹ѿԭķϣġ
ˣʹѩ޷λԭеҵֵҪٲ٣Ϊ籧̫ϣˣ˺ܶ๤ʢռˡ
û뵽ڳ
ѩˣսսΪԼᱻѩأϰ壬Ҳˣû˵
ȴ־ͨ档

˷Űۣ˼ϰ壬úù׬Ǯһݣͳһ㣬øƽϡ
ѩ
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ƫƫû˼ϰ壬ıˣ˾Ϊ׬ǮҵҲûˣѩô죿¡
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һʱѩ͸˲Ӭ²Ƶġ
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š֣ȶһڱʱ䷢ͣԽԽѶ
ⲿһֱûȥ˷֣ܴbossʱֱӳ9.3֣˸߷ֵӾ硣
ҲԱȣ׷˵Ϣƽ̨ûֱ꣬תappϲţԼľѪ
ļƻҲڳظ£˳ʵʩֻʱ䵽ˣһбͬǶԴһ
ֻһһѻ𣬸ˡ
պΪܴ廹⣬ججȷʵͦģܴ֮ǰ˶ѵģ޷빫˾ߡ
ЩȨתƵ˶ϣ˦ֲɣ¸ɣҲҪһЩӦټ֮ǰƲŹܴ󶯵΢æһӣӣȽȥˡ
ǳɺϵģһα|źʱһͬһ죬ϳһЩƷ⣬Ҫȴʽȥٽм顣
ȱãһĿҲ⣡
ԭ̱ˣеתͣһ죬ĶǴʵǮҪҵʵĹӦ̣һ⣬ôĻԴҪһõ֣ǲܵġ
һΥԼٵĳԼʧķãдΥԼ
Ҳ˵ϳˣ
һһʼѹţ˳˳ˮ򸸲òʼѺһЩһЩͶʵĹƱ
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ֻǸĻˡ
ʹأҲȥˡ
һºʽ±ȥͣƲ粨ٴϯϣ֮ǰӿ£
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ԹЩϢЦǺǵֻЦжж񱨡
ԼǸСںˣܿϾ͵ɸˣ
ҲǳԹȺһԱ
ΪҪԱ֮ˣĿǰ״þ͸ֺǡ
ͬһֱжԳؼһؼҲǶҺ֮ǣȻڳؼҸĸй˾ҪģҲǼΪҪġ
Ǹļ̳ˣΨһļ̳ˣôΪϴһʱ֮ʧȥ˫|ȣȻԷͦҵģʧȥҲܲҡ
״̬£һ飬ǵȻȽԷԺɧš
һݼƻǻڳڲϵϣһѾ㶨ʣµͲòˡ
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ϾȻżԭͻҷö֮ĳ|죬Ȼ飬Ҳ⳥ʽȥ
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绰Ǳ߰ش𣺡ҡ
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һ۳ųԽʱɴ˳Դùֻѯʵ£
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ȻǴλͳԽ֤ǰ죬ȥҶԷʱ˵Ļ
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꣬ʶסȴ𰸡
ܿ绰ǱߴһЦ˵԰ϲ𣿡
ֱ׹|䣬ȵףЩߵôΪҺ£
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֪֪Ϊ㣿
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ҾвĬĬ
סһǻ鱻ð˵߷ߣҪ绰ﴫѯʣ
һļ߼Ǹˣֻ߳ò⣬㻹Ů𣿻ᰮ˭𣿻ִ|Ȣ𣿡

ȻһʱԶԣ


183  183 
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ش⡣
Ǳģֻһɱ˲𴩵޷ٳڻǰ
ʵ𵱳ѧУķп, ٽ, ȷǼС, ֱ˽г
֮ǰ, ֻмʱĻϲ, ǵ˳ǰΧ, ҲƯ, ټּ¶ʶ˵ԼŮѵĻ
һзǳ˳
ֲһ, ĸ, ʵǼȥҲҸ
ĸΪ洦͸ĸԣάԼֺ, о˶ݵķɣ漴ͣ
زʵ˳, һжɵġ
ûпǹˡ
ΪԼСʱĨ, ҲûΪǹŻ, ûΪǣһжֻΪԼá
ͨ绰һѪ, ӵһжʳ, Ըԡ
˵绰, һûġ
ֱ֣ܲӸң֮ǰ˵ѵĻ֪ǸĳˣֻҪ϶ɹΣͺá
ֻǲ˶ͬԼ˵ġ
ʽѣҪʽһԶ֮ǰϵʽóĲ࣬Ըóľ͸ˡ
ûĸԸֱӽ
ĸҡ
ҪעʣǾ͵øشۣоͰɷݡ
ȱںܴ󣬹ɷһȥˣʹϲסܿһתۣϾ͸ϡˡ
ȻԸ⡣
ƲʵѾˡ
򸸾βһЩӯߵĹ˾ȶɹǰѹ֣ĸ⣬һһ
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Ȼһҧȥˣ
ų϶кܶˣЦǺǳֵܵģ֣Ǿǵˡ
򸸻عѾƲԵˣ
һĴ|ֱסԺ޷ٴˡ
޷ֻô󣬵Ѿ졣
ֻʣƲƲһһ㡣
ѾĺӣãȻĿ˰ңԼţµһֵʮ򵱳ķĴųӿһͨСһ˽ȥ
ӻǿհ׵ġ
ô̶͡ʱ䣬ӳͳױˣ
߰ɣʲôԶԶ׺ں棬üһ
ܶʵҲûȥǺܺõģƲ֪ձôΪһĴϰ壬Ҳ¸һڡ
δһ죬ˣ뿪һͨĸߵС
ŴСû취ӣһͷվǣʱͷǴ̫û취ֱӽӹӣ㲻Ⱥӻȣĥʲô
򴽣û˵һգع񣬽Ųصĸš
Ѿˣȡ˻ֱҪģǻǲˣΪ˺ӣҲһķޡ
ķޣ
ЦһʼͺܵΪ֪ԭΪжǳ񣬶ûһ˿ϲġ
ûϵѲµˡ
Ψһûϵûˣ
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ΪϱĸһˣҲϲ˴Ȼ˱ķһͣɱķߣҲǰĿζ
ʲôԼȥԼ·Լϴӵ·ϴ
ļȥһܱķŴɨһΣҲĸһ͵
Ŷ̶̼Ĺܲˣ̫̫ȫһ
һԸƶˣѵôҵίֻΪ˵ӣһż̳˵ţ
ëɣ
ϲʱȿֻţⲢԼԸԿ࣬ͬһѧǰ㣬֪Ϊ̸ģԼĳɼص㣬ͥҲãгϢѡǮˡ
һΡ
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ΪӸ̫࣬͸ˡ
Ӻȥ¹·
Ŷ̶Ƴһۣ򱳶ԼֻŮˣʲôʱ뿪
ɫסһͷֻһ
ÿͬڹһײ
ѾϰˣҲˣֻںӰ֮ǰҲģģҪߣҷȰһ䣬ΪһĸףʧˣҿԱֱþ㣬|ԣ˾ʱ䲻̣лһ־꣬㣬ӣûйȥ
ЦƲ졣
ʵҸĸæ֮ǰңĸǮ겻⣬Ǻ
һ˵ܵϸ˰ɣ˵ӣӦòͷȥš
͵ŭ
һ䣬ֱǶ·ңܵҪģû󣬽ȢϱķӶˣˣھָܿôѧҫ鹣ǰü
ΪиСŮǮˣҲһֱ
ΣǲԼŵǶӵѧϰ
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ۿˣģίģҲ֪һжԼܡ
Ҫ̰Ҽôˣ
˰ģǮܣںã
ˣҲ˵תȥԡҡ
ˮ𣬰ŷĵʱסˡ
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̫СʧȥĸףĽܵӰ죬ǿ
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ȥϴ裬Ҳԡһ˯ˣųȥֱӾ˯ˡ
ֻǵóֻδȡرעһϢ㿪һǻ׼ӭ~[ͼƬ]
ͼƬһbͼ
ԿһСԲͼƬ֡ڡӡʹ˫ۡ
һˮףԼһЩ٩üһʱһ꣬˳ԽеĴš
ǿǿǵأ
ֻעʲôʱϷ뿴Ư㣬Ưӣ
ҵģ
һ۳֣㶣ȻЦˣã
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ſţǰģˣٿϽ˳
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ûкҩֻܶһʿ
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184  184 £꣩
ʽƲʱ, ЩȻ
ľƲѽ
˸ֶѣϢºٴλع, ͲصĶ, һжǳؼҸĸԼġ
Ҳ֮С
һ׳ĳ, һ¶ش, ĶԿ, ƽȻųϣ˵иؿҪɵ˾
ⳡսĺ, ϸ, ҲǸĿ׬˸, һжǻġ
һĻ, ֪µ˷׷ꡣ
˽ҡؼҡҾˣǾ̾ѣĻҲ۲ݡ
Ϊǰ, ڳ˸ϵĳϼ̳ˣݵת䣬˵Ů˹, ɷ|, ֱ֣, תͷž޶Ѽ޸ǰҵĳˣЦǰƲ
治֪ؼ˺Ůͬһ, ô, ѵ³
˵, Ѿõϴ뻰Ȩˣ˶ûʲô𣬳ؼҹҲ˰ɣ
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˵ʲôʱؼҲƲɵһһŮˣ
治֪ڵôģŮҲܹܹ˾û׼һգ۶˼£
˴żֳмŻ£˷׷ע⣬ǻԼֺãԽۡ
ԶһŮüͷԽԽ
Ůȥǰ֪֪Ҫǻؼڹƾģ
˵һ㶣ǸĿȻ⣬ҲƲ
ЦһСģһŹǣ
ͬϲŹһûл͸ڷˡ
ֻ˷ԼǿеҲܸıģǳ|죬ǵøң˺ؼһ³
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˱˵첱Ӵ֣˵
ôһˣ˵ģ|˼ɻʱô˵ģұ˴˱˴ˣֻһţôͳ˺ģƣԽ
˵ȥˣ˵ͨ
Ȼһˡ
ǱӰһһתͿһϤЦĿԼСܹȥ˵֣㣬ˣո˼Уˬˣ
л~Цŵʱպþһˣ佱ĺܺãڳǿᣬоݡ
ǰҲֻۣᣬϾսû˼ֻὫЩ˼ԺҪʱרǶԼңСæǺܸлġ
ҿɲȥǸ㵱飿չ˵
ãĸ׷ӳŮӳŮֻҪֱŵ˼룬Դڷҵļҽ̡
ŮļͥҲŮմȾֺֻһʻͦɹ۵ļױļͥﳤķȴʮַڼԼ׳ɵĹ涨
ȻĸҲԼϴѧʼʹҵгɹʧܣ廹׬˵ģԭͻûֱΪ۾ˣѧϰż
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ԽĳϣΪ֣ĸѾˣҵʵᣬǸظһ
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ֹ꣬ɹҸĸİ£ٴν顣
һΣϢһα|̵΢ϣͨѿַ|ǵƻͻŮˣŵȶȱˣΰأˡ
ֻѾûϵˡ
ߵ·עͬ
һΪԼһʱ͵뷨̳һӴļţ󽫽˽ʮ꣬ˡ
ˣпմųԽߡ
ԽԽã˫|Ϊû֫˵ֿ½ˣⶼˣʹҽҲ޷æʹ
һߵġ
ֻ˺ü꣬ű۾
ٴʶĶ͵͵˵һžͺܱ΢˵ϫ㣬Ҫȥһ̫ҽԺɣҪĻʲô£ǵ𡭡
ܿһͷָûµģ乬ȥҪǱ˿µģ
ǴŮݣӦòµģ˵
û˵꣬ͱˣ˵˲ȥͲȥǷգű˯һͳˣ
ʧһ΢ĽŲ
ܵĶӣԴΪȱκͬʱҲʶġ
ĵţĻӣ
ɣ
ѵһڴˣ
ʱ֨һϾɵű򿪾һ̶ǽŲĶߣŮôˤˣ
񣬲ˣЩСźװ۾ΧһǶĹŴģ
ǰһªĴϳ¾ɵıһ˵Ск˯ƺ˯òüͷţ͸ѡ
ڴԱ߻һˤıӺһ̲ˮա
ĹŮ࣬׽͵£Ҳ֣ӣ½ū澾ͺá
û˵һԺӡ
ǹŮ̾Ϣһűӳȥһ˻һˮСĵķŴϵСкˡ
ѵĴ|õСкüͷչһЩֻǲ£СкͿ
أģûʲô
Ǿò֮ˣ͸¶һɴڶ
ŮСкıǺˡ
ע⵽ŮҲǺСģȻ¶ǣ乬ǴĵطôŮ⣿
Ůƺ£ˣּһ״̬ƺûʲô⣬ͳȥˡ
һߣռ䡣
ֻһ⣬ԺֻӴһСμ䣬ϸһԭǵƬεʮʱļ䡣
ԭһ֪ĽΪʵ۵ĵŮΪ˾
ڴϵܵ˾ԣ꣬ڷա
ΪʵŮȴ乬Ϊǵĸں׹֮Ҵ󱾸ô|̣ʱУʵ۲ɱӣһ͵乬ŵʱŮҲԭ
乬ԭĸƴһӣҲ˾ԣΪ»ص֮ǰ˭֪û
ԭĸװ꣬ڰסˣڰǰԭ͵ܵܡ
ԭʮ꣬ܵܲ꣬ں󹬾Ŀףԭĸ׵ĹŮЩ½½Ѱ·뿪ΨиոǸŮûгȥС¡
ԭĸ׵Ķͷ˵˺˸Ůԭ͵ܵܡ
ҲǸոǸŮ
Ǿ͵ڣʵۻûԼһ˫Ů
ǳݣԭ乬˵˲࣬ĸһֱĬԣҲӡ
˵ǸŮҲûһֵķӦ
ֻǡ
յԭܵߣ
ԼӪ˵Ѫǣ˾ԳӪ|ϻһЩأԲʡ
ǰͻȻһ꣬ԭΨһıóȥɹţʪһЩڶ⺢Ӿͷյڡ
ŬǸܹȥĴŮ̫ҽõȷʵĳȻԭñŵܾܵͺá
ǱһŮģǸɵģֻ˾ԶճˣɱһѾˣٲõƣҪջˣ
̳ԭļ䣬˾ԵЩżҪǰһѣΣֱȵȥ
ʣƸ̤ſڣ͵ˣ


185  185 
ٴС, 󲿷ʱ֮ʱѾʼˡ
һȴ˺༫, Ǵʱ״ӶЩհףҪӪ, òˡ
ҲһΣûо飬ֻһ乬ĺӵԾȣ
²ţǰһڵѣ, ٴ̵, κ˳, ȻЩ
, ûзʲôԳԵġ
ʵ֮ǰԭĸ׻ŵʱ򣬻ǿӵ, ٵù, Ҳǻʵ۵Ů˺ͺ, ʵ۶ûŪ, ЩūҲ̫
ԭĸûˣʣµĺӣͺܺˡ
Щԭĸ׵͸¶, ʵ׹֮Ǳݺģֻǻʵۿ, Ҳ޴ӽ, ΪԭǸ, ǳ⺦֮ų̂
ʱȴجΣԭĸ˱нרŸ顣
ʱܳ裬޷г裬ʵŴιԭĸȻǸãɳúÿһɫǿԭĸףԭ
ԭĸһӴӵñ˺ӣΪһʣΪܳ裬һѹˣһѼ
ԭĸﶮЩݺ˶֪˭µ֣ȵ乬壬ƽȥˡ
ûˣԭŮҲҵ·뿪ϫԼպǰͬٵ־ͱɹˡ
Źǽľˡ
Ҳԭĸˡ
˵ԭ͵ܵܵʳͱֹ֣ˮǱˣԭҲôҪǳЩʵʳһδŻ¡ӣԸԷˡ
ҪֱӲ
̾Ϣһԭһ㣬һЩ˾ͽִȻ֪ʲôɻʵ۵Ů⽨ᣬôҲֲŮĥ
ʱС
Լ飬ûܵĳЩǰͱϻˡ
ˣ乬ǽܶˣʣˣָ١ͨɨŮûӵķԸߡ
ԭʶ·廹УҪ⺢Ψϫȥ
ֻ̬ȸոҲˡ
취
СŲųȥ棬̫š
ǰػЩʪ󣬵ﳤïʢĵƲݷչ壬Խֲϻݵķ⣬Ư
ֻϾͣҵʲôõĶʱߴһЩ˻˻˻
ߣ
乬ֶټҲˣһ㲻ǰǸ¹꣬ζסζԽһЩ
ҪܿȻһŵƲݣ΢
ʼѰߵ䡣
һסصߣ޶ģ˳һ乬ĺǽҵһɫ΢ƣһЩߣṆֻ̀а׳ãȻӣŤŤҪ뿪
òǸ޶ߡ
ĬԲĿֿ׼ݶץȥ
һץסߴ硣
߶ססŬҪþȫסӲ޷
˳ֲһЩƲݻصڹţһ·š
ЩѾͷ麹
ֻǻû꣬Ϣһҵԭĸײһӣߵ壬ѪմȾƲݡ
֮Ƚ߷һ߲ٽƲҸελã
ǵȴˡ
ڵȴʱҲûţ˾ߣĦһЩѨ滺ܣɢȣһ
*
ʱ
ϫʳкŷ
֮ǰȥʳģֺôӴˣֻȥͱȺۿ˵͵ūŵѣ˺þãõôһ㶫
Ҫ˼ңô䵽乬Сƨ
ӻŮֱһöûС
ûڻʵǹҸţĸ¿˭ں¾ѣĹʱһ׼ˣֻȹ˹ߡ
ϫڵĻɫҲѿûеһʱݣȻصԼķ䣬ʳУҪԵĶó̵ĳ꣬ٲ͵
ŷôãҲҪĺӵţ
ϫԱ㣬ɫÿˣƿŽȥһһƬֿˣ죺ôƶһ֪ĻΪϹأ
Сӣûоη֮ģ̬ҲΪˣЩǨŭԷⲻˬ
ƿȻ谵ҲһЩǿ塣
ϫҪʳ뿪ĿͿڴֱԼŮпһ£ܾñ㿴Ҹ
ʱŮֱĿתƹԴᣬƺЩɻôĻ
ϫֱӱëֹոտĲ󣿣
ɫ΢䣬Ҳʶͷ
յģʲôûа
ոڿʲôϫһ䣬ѾЩߣ͸¶Զ׼ľֺЩż
ѧԭ̬գۣЩίڿﰡ˵ҲƣͻˣոҾͿ
˵ˣϫһҪܡ
Ȼ̫ɽܸһЩȫУǺںҪúܶࡣ
ϫǰŸ̤żʱСŮί˵۸ңҵʳˣܵСȥҧģ
ϫһ£ݺݵĻͷٺ˵ûзˣŷľЩ
죬Ҳֻߵߵ͵ơ
ϫỹûŲĿ⣬Ҳ뿴ûЩɾĶͶѪƽʱãúõعͻȻô죬ûЩȴֲԸš
Ҫйôԩ갡
ûһûеģ
ϫοԼշһգۣԭأֵĿŵȼ͵һĨڿŤ£ϡ
Ȼⲻص㡣
صһߵӣ
˻һƫƫһƺŵһɵζ
ʱ͵ƵŮ̧ͷƹ˸ºͺڰ֯¶һĨƴЦݣƫƫĹ
̫ˣ
ϫһƲסľּУٲҵ飬ֱܣȻոյĿ־̫࣬ѪҺ䵽ԴȻȷڵϡ
ͣϥǿĵۣҲһʱ뿪
˿ݲСŮһľǱϫᣬĿɿڴվſڲҶֱϫܻӣš
һΪӳʲôˣϽ¼һѿݲܣȴ͵Ƶţʳиձ򿪣Ĵʳʳ
ɻոϫôˣ
ãȻҡͷ֪˶ҵƣͼһˡ
ʵֻǵƲݱѪȾɣΪоȼ󣬵һ̻ߵ״
֮ǰһѧҽʱģûʲôãֻϷ޲ߣֻװŪ
û뵽Ч
Ҳû£ǹȳԣūȥˮĻӲӣ˳ϴˮ裬ɱҲȾ纮ˡ
šͷ
乬⹬зĹλںϣǾסֻһ
Χܶ࣬ǵ̿ѱϫˣҪˮֻаȥΧԼ֡
׷ʣˣڴڵĳԣöԵܺ
ҲҺȵʱѾȥˣϫٱȽŪ˵ķˣڳԻӡ
ʳζܲ˺ܶ࣬ЩţӱˣԴˣԭ飬ƶθԴȱƵġ
ֲסݵԥһ£ͻصϣӸŶӣֻܵܵȰιˡ
Ȼڴϣܿ˯ˡ
ѵʼձһѣܹٴα򿪵ײ˾Աѣ־̫ѵι
ˣ˯øˡ
ֱҹ֦ͷڴ±ó
оŤڴЦˣ߶˰죬ҧһӦûɣ


186  186 
ϫὫúܽ, ǽźˡ
乬ƾɵûʼҹޣҵ֮ĵط
ڳԱ, Ȼ廹ţҲЩҸ, ҵ󣬽óȥ
ȻʹһЩֵܱĲۼſڣǿշ
ϫ˯
˯ǰź, 壬һǺܸߵ, źıӺ, ȳһ, ɱܲƿһ㣬©һ, ͳû
һֱҹǿ˯š
ֻ˯˯, ȻһĨʶ
, ᱾ܽӴ, Ҳ˯ˣȻţҲ˯״̬ѹ, ֲԾˣôܶ
ϫԽԽѣƺҲ˻˻˻Ķ, Ժʳʱĳ³, ͵۾, ΪţһƬڰʵʲôɸйٸҲȷ
߰ŵĴһ˴ӴϷҪֱϵ˦ƫƫҲ˾ԭֱһҧȥ
һļоϡ
ϫڵϱQҪ˦
߶ˣҧĸ첲ɿû취ֻܵ溰񣡾ң߰
ǴŮڹ֮ǰҲǶȹŮЩܿʱӴЩʶˡ
Ҳѣææǲ£һʱǰߵߴţһ߾ˣ߱ȡοûûˣ߻ͦģûжǿԳ⣡
Ըϫյһ䣬űҧѪֱ˿ڣǻﻹһƬδ
ˣ
Ȼߣ
Ŵصúúõİ
ѵ
쬵ģ亹ҹ£ݶֱ£ƫƫʱȻ˵ôⰡ
ϫѸٻͷǸһĨֵӻǱʲôرµĶɫȻʣҲ壬һǻûƽȵֿʼ
ϫܻĺ
ˡ
޹ڵﰡ˵ȥˣҾͿԻȥ˯ˡʱǰһЦһ£ģԭĸ˺ûгֹЦݣȻƮƵĻȥˡ
ȫ̵ϫ᣺
ǰҲоôˣ
ϫȴ˵ˣһѾ˹ȥ
϶ǰϷԼŰĺӣӵˣ
*
ڶһ磬һ͡
ϫ˫ǺѪ˿ȦһƬɫɫ԰ף̬Сģõͺеĵһʱͻˣ͵ǰ
乬ĻʳʵòȥΪÿ죬ȵģЩϡкüͷһ̲ˡ
ĳţϫС˵Ŵˣūȥ̫ҽԺɷ񣿡
šͷǵ̫ҽ˺ҩģԺһ˵ܡ
ϫЦŵͷŲΧۣⷿѾɭɭֻ½ֳӵòʣǡǹɻڣ
ϵ˾ιĶһ٣ҲЩˡ
˵̫ܳãȥˡ
ȥ˺ãȥ˺ã
ϫĨ˰Ѷͷ亹æĳȥ̫ҽˡ
һ·ŲҴң˿ûлʲôΪ۸Ӵ꣬ۿžҪˣûжֻҪˣͿ뿪صߣˡ
ߣСĻӲܸ㶨Щ
ǰδй˾Կ첡ʱˣ
ҲΪĸף̲ˣӵҲҪѵ
ԽԽĻţΪ˻ϫ˲ӵˣŲɿ졣
һߣһνԼԳˣȻθã㽫ԼһϺһʮŮӣǻᱻϫ۸
˵ֲˣһ⡣
̫ҽϣܴ⵱ͻƿڣԼʡ
Թ󣬰ȥˣҲ̫ۻ·ҪϽϴˣܶ࣬ԼҲ࣬ĺһѾߣɰĵºܶ࣬סĵطʵҡ
򵥵ʰһ£ͼ˾Сűڴ߿۾Ϊպģʪģȥ۾һȡ
ôˣѯʡ
˾ɳƵͰ͵Ļ𣿡
ԭĸʱ˾Ѿˣĸӡȥʱҹ֣ԭҲſޣˣҲ͹ȥˡ
֪ĸȥûиһ˼ǵͷţһ¡
˾ίûף
䴽һЦΪˣ˯ˣԲ֪Ȼ㿴ü㣬һֱǵġ
˾ʧȥĸ״꣬ϰߣȻʧ䣬ǵͷðɡ
ˣţҪˡ
˾ԹԹɻȥǺñӣ۾
ЦЦһ俴ԭĸ׵һģЩϲȻ⹬ô󣬿ҲǷ˱ء
֪ĵطûУ
ţסԭĸƺںĵطʲôģֻǸʱԭ࣬ԭĸ׸ձ͵乬ú¡
ΪʵԭĸʲһЩģֻﴦҪúö㣬Ϊ˻ȥ̫࣬ʣ޼
ֻǶԭĸ״δȡȥ
ЩҪ⵽ʲôȻ˵̫ҽûǮɿµǳ£ҲҪһЩҩġ
һĶԭĸ׵Ҹ˸ȥ˺ĺԺ
һû
乬ڻ߳ȥһ㣬˷·Ұ⣬һ㶼ġ
乬Ҳûʲôߣֻľͷˡ
ԭĸ׵ˣҲûú˰ʱͿһӵһǣֻʮӣһϣڳˣ
ˣֱ˸ʯͷҿ
顪һĶһϢһ̫СˣҲñϫ
ʵˣɻûء
һ⣬Ϳˣ
ֻϫô
üͷ壬ּңڡǲһ󣬱͸˺ܶ
ӣһùζ֡
ֵһ۵飬Ĭˡ
һ¾
ֻԭĸΪ׹֮µģȻܽ
¾˷ǰ¾Ҳǵݣһģûʲôãٿġ
ʲôسһһѧһͷˮѧҽѧǲŹԼ˱ߵĸٶһֹˡ
ֻ֮ǰûԵҲûӴص
û뵽ˣ
ļٵģ
֪һ˵ĵͦеȤͱ˵еĶҽȴ߼
аֲ㷨һۣȤ
ţǰϲϫ㣬̫ҽˣ
ϫȻ
ʱȴһº˼¹ٻδʽ̫ҽһְƺֻǽյֵĴ˶æ¹ٹˡ
Ķס
ҵĻȨƺôأӲأ̫ҽѣֻһûʽƵĹԱ


187  187 
֪ϵĹְ, Ҳ֪̫ҽԺѧͽģһ㶼Ǹʽ̫ҽ, ȵͨˣͿԱְ
ô䣬϶, Թֻһѧͽ
ֻһͨܳĺѣ⣬˾ǻʵ۵Ů
Ϊʵ, һϲŮˣԼѪڻʹﲡ, ˶᲻, ǻʵ, ԲƮƮԹ¡
ΪѪ
Щˡ
Ĵѹ, ѽԭܵܵµϣ˹, ǲܶʱ̹עġ
϶֪ܹҲϫʵʵȥ̫ҽ, ϫȥôãûֻһѧͽ
ֻ̫ҽ
˵ʲôֵˣɺ̫, ľǻȨ, ܿΪ㹻η, Ѫ, ҲԤôҪ
ԭļƻҰ, صǰ, Ϳһ۵ڸ˾԰
Ųᣬû˲
ֱջ֣Ҫ˵ϫȻоʲôһͷͿǴƾݵСվڲɵĵط
ϫһʱֱŵûɢźˣײһԵӣҵظʶԹɡǴѸٱ죬һĨЦݣͦ˵ģ
Ҫ˵η壬Ȼûеģֻ±˲
̫ҽԺں󹬼зѱͻ乬ãûס
ûвֻϽ񣺡¹ټ
񡣡װЩ޴ɬİڰ֡
ϫ͵͵˸ۣһм
ɫƽлĻǷ纮֢״Щԣ¹ٿһҩܺá
ͷˡмһЦ
˾ԼҲѧͷˡ
СкɳƣԴһۣ̿϶һ˿Ц⣬Ǹ¹ûʸǰҩĳͷλùø¹ȥһ̫ҽԺȡҩ
ϫᣬϫ;𣬴乬̫ҽԺͦԶģҪߺܳʱ䣬ֻܾܾõͷʱЩ˼ˣһֱͷĿѣεһΣܷ˰æ
ϫһӼˡ
СˣȻץʱȣ
Ȼԣˡһһ۵ó첲
Ϣһ̦ȵط¾ϵѪҪ̲ȥˡ
ϫĿʼðԭŵͷ̧˵һЩõĻʵǣҪǾҲˣҪǳڻʵǰ
̫ðˣȻȥ̫ҽ
ȴֻ˿ЦЦлˣܷŴһȥҩ˳㻹һЩ̴ˣҲһֱûʱҲˣҪȥһ̫ҽԺ̫ˣûʲôķ˿·ϸ˵˵ٶһЩҩ´ξͲͷˡ
ɡͬĿһۡ
ʼŮȴ类ˣʽѣȻ᲻ͬ⣬ֻǲſڣϫѾżĴĻ乬ǲȥģ
ʧĴҧŴС˵ҶõҩԺͲץˡ
ߣϫëٴ𣬻·˱ģٲ˵ԵĻ
乬˲ܳȥʵԺģû˭һӹᵽ乬
ֻ˾֪˾Ը֪
Ҳû˵ص꣬ͬǰĹҲΪۏˮ̫ҽԺһǲҪ£Ǻ󹬵¡
άԭӣ·𼱵Ŀˣһˮ⣬Խͬ飬̲סϫ㣬ܹԵģһȥʲôµġ
ϫŲԸĵͷɣһΣ²Ϊ
ˣȥһҲû£̫ҽԺͻʵۻĵطԶҲϡ
ЦˣˣǸϽ߰ɣܵҩ
ǡͷԼСҩ䣬óһƿҩȡһ͵˾ߣһ߽ͣƿԺЧȳš
˾ԹԹԳԵϲģ
һЦСҩ䣺ˣȻġ
*
乬֮ǰ˰·Ȼ˺ܶ࣬һ£ҲǿԿϫļ֡
һ·ĸҪúѯһ£Ǵö⡣
ֱ̫ҽԺȥץҩں棬װѯʵģȻϣ꿴ϣûᡣ
纮ͨҩģټһ̲ҩģȨ޺ܵ΢ҩķǳ˳ȫúúȥǼһǸģ˭õģͿˡ
ȥ·ϣϫὫúܽһܲˣûʵǰ״
ֻ⣬ȫСԹԵģߣεͷûУżĿײ۵׶ɻ󣬲ΪʲôһֱԼƵġ
ģԼո۰ͰҪӣϫ·ϿµһĻĻֻĻþ
ƫƫΪԭ΢ôµϫᣬҹ¸һּɵ
Ϊ֪ǰҩܼª껹һЩߣҩȶôҩҲдֽϣǲס
ϫȥŷȡͣҩ
Ѹٻص䣬̫ҽԺҩŪҩСĵڳ˺ƾɵĲţֲصƾС
Щ˿ڻʱĿбΪ·ȥʱѾסˣϣ߿㣬ԼӡȵطҩĵǾͲýˡ
ЩҩģҪԸϫˣɶˡ
뿪ֽЩ黻˸طţҲ㿴ǻصߣ˯һ˾˵
˾乬󣬾ûȥһط֪ʵ̫٣ӸòУ㹻ɣ㲻ţҲ޲֣۾ĲҪ˵
ֻǲſһ㣬ʲô˻ȥڱСǾɥܱᴫȾģ
Цֱӽӱ岻ãʮ֮ǰĦͨѨʱͲˣôѾ˱ȾҲҩ
˾԰ˣһЦͷСʣ㣬㿴ʲôӵѽ
̫ûˣ׳ʲôˣԭ½Ҳˣ˵ˣǿ϶ǵá
۾ģƤܰס
˵Ż˾ֻ˯˯֮ǰҩֳ˵㷹˯ţϫԣ͸ȥԼˡ
ò˹ţˣͽţԼںſڣչ⿴顣
֮죬ϫᶼʵȻһ͵ʳǵһʱ͵˾ԳԹóȥԼͰԡ
һ˾Է纮׺ˣȼҩģεҲˡ
ΪҩʳҲˣ̶̼죬ϵƶʧˣ¶ӵİ׾
Ϊ˾Բÿһľͷͷͷһ塣
ԼҲ͵͵䣬ץʱ
ֻõʱúܿ죬ڿ飬һŮִżλôλߵ𣺡⼸Ҳڣгʲôӣ
Ѿ߹ɵĽ⼸Է˵ˣȥ̫ҽԺ˴һºŮȻ£ϫᣬҹ
ϫŹȥ
ͬõľͷ˾ԣɫһ䣬ֱ߷ľͷܹ󣬴ż־ֵ㣬ֻˣ
Ҫǻӵʳˣ
⼸ӣ˾ﻹϻصجУˣ˻ûˡ


188  188 
Ͻĵܵܵĺ, £а취ٸǳЩ
ܵɻԴСֻ, С|ţ̫š
֮ǰôû취ÿǱȳЩӵʳ, ͵͵ޣԡ
ɲǲԶöŻһۣǳˣ˾, ܱȶ
ʱҪμǲҪˡ
ЦЦΪڿѽ, ҪǱ۸, ͻ۸ȥ
ģﻹ˾Ծϲ, ¶׵Ժˣǽһ˯, 
ȴҡͷﲻϲ˯ĺӣ˯, Ҳ㰡, Ҫ˯ˣҲͲˡ
˾ίı, Ŀ
ε̯, ʾԼҲû취, ˾ֻõͷ, ļ, СǰԺװ
Ǽһ, ˯ˣоͻ~
ڵ˾ԻǺܺ˵ģһ˵᰾ҹĸ׵¡
˿һȥԼҩóһ֡
ҺõˣֻһϫᣬöԸҪһֻܱˡ
ԭ͵ܵܵףϫỹֻܳƵϸȵġ
Ȼ֪Ѿڹȼα乬вСӣɴķǳ档
ճѵ˵ƽʱòͶǰԲԣϫ֮ǰǰǣҲǸѧġ
ʮǰ۵ëˣһ۵ˣҪһ㹬ŮֻеĽΪݲͬԸרڳʱ
Ϊ˾Ժ˾ˣҲûϣ߾ˣԭ׶ţ֮ǰϫᣬҪ֮ǰķ
˾Եתֿ϶ɡ
֣ݵģ
*
һϫҲţҪǰͻȻ֣ڱѵˡ
ԸʱʧܣС£Ҳİô
Ͳһˣ
ǰǰᣬȻ׺һԲϾץ߹ҧ
Ǳҧ˿ڻû׺ãʹأ
˸ϫᱻֽеʱһʱڵϣʵʵϴĴ|ȿ޵ء֣ҴˣĲǹģԭģ
ɫЩ̱ϲǽţԳһֳ޵ӣҲݣչͻԽĮʱŴ|ȣҲ˿ֻƤ£õ
Ҳʲôԭֻ֪˴Ҫ㲻룬ˣʣһѣҪˣǶֱ뿪طˣ
ϫẬߣӣҭҭԭ㿴ӡ
ֶȥûôֱ̫ϣȻϸϸӡǺɫģ˰ȴûΪԡ
üͷ𣺡ô£
Ҳҧġ
ߣϫ˵Ͱ񶼹ȥ̫ҽҲԸ⣬˵Ļ溹ͺãͲ͹ȥ˵˰ϣ
ƣҲûĺǳһŽ˿ߵһ£ϢȣȻֹ֮˵
ϫҲģʱıر֣ģԱߣиˣ˵۸ϻ߹ҧң
Ȼֻ꣬Цһ£ͣ
ϫĬĬȻţҲùɭģ뿪˵ƣǵƮʱһߵӣ
˵Լǰľ㤼ţּˣϣҰŴصģ߻ˣҧһڣô˦ǰҽѾңʱſڵţ
üͷѾˣ˵û׼Լץģ
ϫСһͱСδ˽̵𣿡
ֲ˵ˣɲԸš
֮Ź񱨸ǾͲˣҪй˰˰ٻˡ
ʱϫֵ˼ǰ˲ܳΪȴԣ֣ǵ𣿰Ͻ֮ǰʲôݣ
˻һסӣЩˡ
ˣϽ֮ǰǵãʦʿ
Ҫ˵ˣǡõʱجβ˽˽Լ񣬰ҲڱʵۿУĪЩ£ֻΪǰƫƫΪʵۻһУ
һ£ֻǺܿҡͷһǲţȷʵˣûʲôӳǰæŶԸĸŮ˻ˣ¶ΪĸŮʼƫӣҪٶһЩ֣ϾǷʵ֪
һѺΪѵĻ
ǣֽѵǣϫԺ󲻸ˣϫϥϴ
²Ϊ䵭ĵͷȥȥᣬϡ״治ڣȻ֮ǰʲôͻȻЩϷҲûпܡ
ǰ̵أ
ֻ߰ǰ̵ġ
ҪģЭҪǼٵġһ䣬ǻϣҲǼһ
*
һӺ󣬴ƿš
Ѿûˣں˾һľͷվԶһ߹һ߹ȥűƿʱľͷպõ˾ǱߣƳһ߹Ĵ֣˵ĵͷˣԹԺ֡
Ҳһ㣬֡
ССġ
ֶһûʲô쳣Ŀľͷϣûӹô
˾Բ˵ߣӡ
͵͵С|죺ģ˵Զ塣
⻰üһ˳ģū
ҡͷûϳ֡
ֹЦһɣūٹֻľͷǱˣҪۻˣҪˡ
Ҫ˵棡ҡͷ
һ䣬ֱǰҪľͷ
Ը⣬Ͻչȥţߣģ
ӲֱӴߣֻ֮ʱֱһۣһ˿ϸС˿ڳ֣СĽţٶ
ֿǹйˣʲôƬֽǰϸ˿ֻһƬָϿһոԼѪûʲôͬŰģ˦ָ֣׳˲֪ðһˣóˣ
ͷ˾һվŸҪſˡ
ۿһʩʩȻľͷ߳ȥаˣԼȥ˿ڡ
˾СܹŬοûµģ㣬ٶһ㣡
û˵
ϹȻûϫܻţʹ߲ԼҲ͵ûģȥڷ
˯ڸڡ
乬˵˶ûУҲҪ뿪ˣȻѾͷ˵ϲų͵ȵϡ
˴˯ǰģԼ˯ҹҲ
ֻһ˯ȴܿߣ˯úܳȴģ˯ˣҲĸ죬Ƴɫʶֻǲȴ֫Ǳʲôѹסһ
ɫ΢䣬ٴɶҲܶϵĽţƫƫһˣ
ѹ
ֲȻ뵽ʱͰˣʿˮٴ󡭡ʧˣ
ܸо֫ڣ޷ٿأ
̫ˣ
ʱҲ˾˵ĻңƺЩκƫƫʱǰȻһĨɫġ⣿
͵صɴ۾ضĨ𣬻ëըҪƿܡ
ǹɽ֫ѹģŹ˻Σһ£һȡ
ʧ|ˣ
ǰϰɣ
ԼҪӳԼˣ
ݿʼ޷ƽĶԴιѹˣҵ캰ϫᣡ񣡾ң
ϫᣡ
ĺ乬һû˯ŵϫһʱ侪ѣʱűһţҶһС׳ֽˣǺºͻ̿֡
־ֵĽлڶȴҶɪɪ
ء˵ôֱ۸˰ɣ
ıɹˣΪĸգΪĺӣӵʲô
ֻรˡ
ĲҰ


189  189 
Ľкһֱڶ, ַŰϫᡣ
ֻ⣬ȫ̶ûжһֱȵ, ˻, ûᡣ
ʱҲˡ
ַԼҲŻָ, ֫, ָĸ첲ȴѾ΢̧һЩ, ֮ǰСʱ, ֫ų׻ָ
һָһʱ´, µһ»ˣڵ, ҲҪһʱȥȻŸɳϫͰӣҺô, Ȼң
ãȻҡͷ֣ʲôʱ򺰵İҶûѽ
ֺһ, ɫĵ۵Ǳż־壬ô, û
ϫ, Ҳæ˵Ҳʲôû, ֣Ƿʲô𣿡
￴ϫ˵, ֻɫѿ, ǿ, , ȥˮ
ǡæȥˣϫʵʵ
ȻȵϴʱŷԼ֫Ȼϵģǰϴϫῴʱһٿøʭһ
ǿ򶨣ϴҲҽԼݣϫȥͣԼվͷ¡
ģʹϵ̫ɹҲȣԸ뿪
ֱһĻգۣɻô⡣
Ƥ飺ôūкβף
򴽣С˵˵һɣԺͳϱôûߣ
䡪
ôһ俴ɭɭĻڴԺ֣ҲȲסɫŤ˵ʲô
ɣ
ҹĹѹ
첲ȶϣ
ɫһʱ࣬ƫƫӲҶֻб̫Ⱥ¶ţŲ䵽ֱ̫ˣ
ĳ˹ˣ
գۣʻʵʵոյĻ˵һ飬ȻС죺ҽˡ
ִ|귢ͷ麹һ󣬿Ҫ˵ΪЭֲģ뿪乬˵һĥǺļ|˻ǰڣµȥӶԼ
ȻǾͷūˣ
һЦ޺ˣð
޹ʹִʱ״̬͸ۣһٿȥ͸͸򿪵ųȥʱһ̧ȣȴǰһ£žֱˤʺ
֣
û갡
*
͹Ȼûᣬϫᴦϫ˽ĸ£ۿ֫ϵϣ԰η绢
ôҲ˵ôãΪΰһ㶯û
ǰδ۸ˡ
ֽ͵һʱ͵ǰ㲻մȾ
һ˯ѣӭӵľǻЩ¶ȵͣ˾ԡۣһϲѣ㣬ִ𣿡
϶ĵͷԣ
ϫʱһ£æˡ
һ٣˶ԱˣճԱ˶Ϳ飬˾ĲУȻ˵ǰϸߡ
СһǳģòУ¼򵥵淨Ҳܾá
˻ţֱʳʹ˾һľͷ׷֣ûֻǶˡ
˾Դδй淨Ҳ棬һ춼ֺǺǵġ
;ֹˣֹ׺ˣֻ޷ţͲˣû׼ǲС˵Ͽ϶ˣ
Ƴһۣüͷ
⼸ѧԼЩ츳ڿ֣ܿӡ÷ڣ²˳ڵùʱڣһеԴͷָͣ絶ֻҪһܻ⡣
ϫᣬͺúܶ࣬ࡣ
˾ԣǺ棬˵ͷ
룬ԼˣɲǺ˵ͷ
ԭ뷨壬͵ȥһֵʵǰᱻ𣬻ʵŮܲᱻô¶棬Ϊ˻棬ҲٷӴ乬۸
ֻڲȨƺЩʱͷˡ
Ȩһã˾ǻӣǻᱻ˶ϣʱ򲻹£Ǵѹͦ鷳ġ
˵乬ʵ乬ĺô˼ʹϵ򵥣ֻҪ㶨˴֣ӣʵ̹
Ϊʲôɱˡ
ɱˣڶ֣ʱͺ鷳ˡ
ǹŴ乬ֹһ仰ūŲԸҲùһˣѰ鷳
ͽţȵٴҲһ
ϾƲ⣬˾ǻģȥ
̧һߡ
ϸһؿľֻһ紵ľͷˣԹڶŵ˾ֻܹȥߣ㣬ţ
һɴ紵
ͷ÷ЩһЦˣҪˣȽݰɡ
˾ЩʧĿǵͷǣֽݡ
ϣѡϫסһ𣬰񵽵ǰˣȻʵСΣȻһ㶯û
һҲô죿
ϫЩͷʤڲᱳѡ
һ˵˵һֱ˯š
浽ҹ˯⻹Ϯ
һδǱѵģһɹǺĶѣһ۾Ѿʼ£޷ס
Ȳ֫ϤоǺûɢϫᣡѣ
ϫᾪѣѸԶ֣ߵĹƤˣ֣ôô°ǲǹˣ
ֱ֣㣡
ϫ᲻Ҷ޵ҡҲҡء֣Һ£ĺ£
ֲԼǱѹ°϶ѹϣһǲ˹
ˣҪߣԶˣǹץˣ
ϫᣬȥҰ񣡡ֻں
ϫѾˣڼ䲻Сֵȣģʱһ£Ͻܵøˣƿţһˮ紵һֱӻʪ͸
ŵһ£ǺһӸˡ
һ죬ڵأһĨεֵļУһֱӵˣϢ
֣
ֲĹͷȴ޼£ֻŴűһ´ˮ紵˯ڴϣҲ·ʪˣʪյģֱ¡
ǡȢ
أԲŻô󶯾
־ֵĵɴ۾ҲֲסҲ˹ȥ
*
ҵһϵĴ꣬ڶ֮ǰͣˡ
ûȥŵʯͷŲŻԶװӶˣȥðš
񱻽۾ȥϫţȻȥһô꣬϶ˮ
ţǿŶɵЦЦˮȥ
ͷϫſڣȴſţһѻˮϫˮɫףһ˴ɫһ䣺ϫ㣬ѣѰ
ϫűѣãȻգۣ˵޵񰡣ˣ
ôˣһ߷һʡ
ϫʪգѷգȣȴ÷ί˯ѹˣءȥ澡ǹǺһţһʹۿˣ
ãȻǺ
ϫĽĿһۣصĵͷߵٿ֡
ˣһ˫۾Ѫ˿
Ͻɿһȥһ
ֻߣӺͿȲ鿴ȴָ첲ϵϱյĻһЩ
ǰһڣֵ˻ȥͷϣͷĿѣ
Ҳһ˵
ϫǿҿĬĬߵһԣһ߷һ߻·Ĭӣ￪ūԺҲҶСǲˣԲˣŹū澡
Ϣ󣬴Լ̶ʱ䣬֮ǰַ·˺ö࣬ĻӺˣ
æͷˣ˯磬ѵҲ硣
ֳ˳ǣū֮ǰðλ£ȥ
״ϽȥһƬŢ࣬ȹȥˣֱĹǰū澸λ밲֮ǰū澲£ϣλˡﲻҪĥūˣūԸţλ£


190  190 
ֹ, Ҳ£һľǰʱҪһֱľ, , ûˡ
ĸҲӣ
Цǣлū, ʹ, ľǺξ
ĬĬ
, ߵǰ, Ŀͷ˫ֺʮ, ľ
ţоԼ֮ǰоһЩ, üһɣԽˡ
ۻ, ȼյĶ֮ǰȼˣζȴڡ
ô֫µҩ, һָڶξͼˣΪֻҪʳеһʱõǰ, ֵҲǳǳʣĶ, ֱһ
ϫںĽӴж˽ҩ, Ͳ£û, ҩڰҹˡ
ҩЧµ, ˵֫ļ, ҩЧάʱֻʱ, ҲǿʱҩЧʧ
ҩЧüⱣֺܳһʱԼǱϣǼܵ˺Ľ
Ҳ˵֢ͦġ
ŵĶǰģŻĿټãͻо嶼оһЩˡ
ͷ飬С|ĬֿڵϣŶߴֱепСţԼװŪϣʵͦ츳ģ
˵ôֱľһʱԼʱֱҪԷˣ뿪ȥŷš
ݱϫҪһЩҲЩһδֺãõĶȻԭ֮ǰųԹһЩˣԼһĢ
˾۾ֱˣСһûôʳ۾һգգĿš
òԭ裬¶־ϲɫ
ּˣ˿λ£ūޣλȽţպлᣬūٶŪЩóԵĹ
ȻЭˣҲڲὫŪ乬¡
ʵ벻ǣ˸ǲᣬʹûзûʵǻǵô⹬У㲻־Ͳᱻ
Ҳֻ֪ģȸ˾ʢһ룬Դ˵ˣֻȥϫɣ̫ܲˡ
һΪȥţûϫӣȻҲͷ첽ȥϫķӣյ棬Ϳڴϣ˯û||ѵˡ
ɫ΢䣬һ¶ͷ
ȻѾ̵ˡ
ֻǹô֪ģ
Ժð뷨ܿԲ˵ˣܿϣǱȻǰ˵ģҹϫһݣҲ
ҪƽʱȻѣֻΨаûλ¶ֶѣǶ˱ڵҲѣҲͬһϫûˣΨһһڵˡ
Ŵ|ֻ꣬ص΢΢ϥϫҹˣգյ־壬ūȥ̫ҽԺõҩ
ЦŵͷȥɣˣҲõҩҪݡ١һʮҩ֡
ֱۣ˵꣬ⲻΪūū澾һˣõЩ
˵˵˾ҪЩҪŪǻʲô
ƤһҲȻףѹִڹûȥĹôܵҪЩҩģ֪ģԭ
϶Ͷ̥𣿱ɹҲҪһ˫Ů
ͨϽЦū澴ˣūһŪá
ˣ¶һĨЦݣˡ
·ղűĲһˡ
ֿľѣڰ֣ת뿪
̫ҽԺһѧͽҩ˳ҪЩҩĶʲôã˸ۣҪεĹѹʵСѾͷĹһҪ֪
ֻѧͽȴЩǲѪģûʲôرô
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Ȼû⣬Ǿʹѹǹ
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ֻҪЩҪĶȫԴԴϵõ㹻ҩģ˾ԺԼ嶼ˣϾĶѧͽѧͽһ㣬ԼŪ̲ҩã
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ֱúܶ࣬Ҳʵ˼Ұ£乬һƬг
Ψа񣬴񾭣˵һϣʣ¼飬ҩ˯ú֪ʲô
ڴֺϫתͷԣҲȥ׷ףĴʹѾߣæǰæ
û˴ţͿʼЩѧ鼮ˡ
һʱڸ˵ȥŷһ㡣
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ʳУ򺣬ֻƴСĺϺ
ٶûʸˡ
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ۣʲô˾۵Ǻ棬ڻûЩ
ҲܸˣֻǸǸûͦ׼ģԸҪͣԭӦҲ֪Ϳ֡
Ц˵򺣬ǺϺںﳤġ
ôã˾Ѿ´֣ʣʲô
ǡ
͡
˾гѵٲҾͶ˰
𣡡˾æ
Цźһһ򺣬Ϻһһֻʣµôȥԣ˿ŹϵĶܲһ㶼
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Ҫ뿪ȻŲ˶٣תֵô֪Щѽ
ҪȥһӣЩѾˣʵóʳԣ鲻á
գۣѽ
ЩЩ飬һЦݽӲ˺һΥĵĿ佱
ЦЦʱ׼ʱ׼ʱж̣ҲǺ棬ûʲôˡ
Σֶȴηˡ
֮ǰֻţٵȵȣйѵûͶ̥һ죿ֻһɢɣȻ䣬ˡ
ֻ˾ԼŪЩ߰㣬϶ǰϽ̵ģûгֵһˣ
ֺܷҲûá
ҪǸˣľͻ壬˱Ĺ»Ұ
š
ΨһôҵǣӰϹҲŮ뿪乬ûĸ׻ţǳ˵ĵطҲᱻ
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һ͹ƽʱ˾˯оѧͷ˾䣬֪
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С⣬ֱӺԡ
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Ҫ֪~
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㵽Լ£㵽Ҳ׼һΣ۲ٴΣǴ֮ף˯ĥ
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ŶԷûϣҪ֡
ȻԴһϤĴʹ֣ûȥεڵء


191  191 
Ӵ|, ֮ǰûнյľ飬ڿʼա
εĹһЩҵ
˾ңǻǵʵ˾, ֻǸûʵۣл, ϲɫ, ƽӹ
ȵ۲أй¼λԼ
ֻ͹Ұ, ȵ󣬷˾λʱ˾ʮ, ޷ձȨȨѹˣõ֮λ˽ԻȨʮƿء
ѹ, λ󳼲Ĳ, бʵ٣ȴܸġ
µǲǻʵ۵ĵŮ˾ɡ
ĸ˾׺ͱŮͬΪϻۣþ֪˭Ǳˣ˾׽
ȻȨ, ˾Ǻ֮, ŮֺõĶ, ôһϻĵŮȻ۰ŶҲϲ
Ȼһֱûڶӣ˾ɿԵ˺üӣĸܸһֱƺ󹬵࿹⡣
µǰؾǹļԼһֹȵǳ֮
˾ΪԣȻƯĽ֮Ҳ͵һ˵Χ
ͽʵ൱ĳ̰ͬɫҽڿս˹飬ҪָҪһˡ
ϲ˾ɵļԸ⣿
ƫƫűȨţˣսɼ޷ȥսǲԸף͵ộ̱Ȩ͵ýȥͱȨȻһĿȻͬס
Ǿһɱ
ҹȻܵеӣ˾һĽȵ۹¼޵ҳӸС
Ϊ˲֮˲߻ⳡɱɹһ룬ûˡ
ҲǳصģֱѲ飬жǰҹҹ·У·ˣ乬
ûйԭѹһˡ
Ĵ뿪乬ϫỹﶢ˾һûвȻӿ˵㣬Ҳల£ֱеĳ֡
ԭ˸УһѲ飬ڶ층뿪һ˵ᱨġ
ԭ乬ʮ꣬ӵƾϲãҲر˵Ҫԭʮڴ
û죬һò˵ŮӴһѹŮ̫Գ㣬乬Ϊ˹ݡ
ԭΪǱĻϲ
ɽͻôͻʥּ׳
ԭȻˣƫƫ˼ŭȻʱûѵУͨ˿ǲ鵽һЩֱӴ︵ң˾Ըף򸵼Ҿ͵ꡣ
Ϊʱ˵乬һȻһЩɫúţҲǾɫ
ǰĽ۾ˣ˾ɽԭ˻ʵۣʽһУ⵹ҲΪˣ֮ͳΪߡ
Ըһʱɺͽ⡣
ԭ乬Сһ㲻ͳΪ˱ⱻԭݲͬȺ˻˽̵ǡ
ԭȻԸ⣬ò뿪Ѩ뻢Ѩǻʹ乬
ֻƵķΨӦԣ屾ŰӸֱӲ̵û취ȥǰ̵ٴȥ档
ԭЩݣʱǱԵͷתΪϲԼֻΪ˼û취ЭģĸԸЭ
ֱۿŸйڵΪ˾ɴЬ֪ԭԼ˾ɵĹˡ
ԭڻˣʼ˾ɣ˵Ĺϵ
һ·˾ɿԼϲ˭ѡҲ佫ҵ׼ҵճ׺
ԭҲ˸УֱӽԭԸȥĵܵΪնвʵʵġ
ֱʹǰŽߣԭ֮ǰǰƣҲûģȻԭ׺û£ԽɱʵΪɳ
屾ͲУɱˣ׾սһܣ׺ӧ
ʱսȴȨ޷ӭս߹һδθ漱۵ѹ£òȨ׺ӣӭս
ΪĶӣҸҵĳӣѿź󷽣֤ó㣬ⳡսȻʤˡ
Ȩ֣һֱȨ׵£Ȼ֧֣׺ľ£ȫ
ʵ۴ϲ׺ʤʱͻˡ
ʬΪʾڳǽϵ˾Ѳ˼ס
ӵǻ˾ɳ˵Ļһʢþ
*
ٴʱѾڴϡ
ʷ£Ĺ͸һ֮ǰÿ糿ʱӡ
˾ͺֿ˯ˣд֣ޱճƷȱ
乬Ĳ࣬ǿշܶ࣬һʼ˾Ըȥķ䣬⺢͵͵ܹ
ȹһʱ䣬Ͷˡ
ĳѾ֣־͸Ū˸ӣӵţ治Ҳ壬ߣһö尲š
һûолǽˡ
ϧʲô
ſֶۣϣһЦ
壬һ乬㣬Ҹʱ͵͵ڡ
εķ
Ҳ͵ȥ鿴Σ乬ȻƫƧɱǻǺӣûţȥ
ǰɭϣֲ˳һɴ˾ԣͲˡ
˴˾˺󣬾Ϳʼ䡣
ɵڲʱ䣬ûѧɵʲôҲżȵ˾ʮһ꣬װһ£͵ȥӦû⡣
˭ԭ绹оأ
üͷ
ЩԺúȺãҲͰϸʱԭ˾ܹһŰ֮һֱģļá
ʼһû˵ʲôˣֶʼĨǵҪԸ⣬취ʵۡ
ôòŮʵϲɫŮûķ˼ҲԲģʱҲҸ÷֮ġ
ֱˣԸȥ
òκ󣬾ͷˡ
һΡ
Ѿƫƫεûн⣬гȥٹ죬ǹʵ۾ͻ֪ԼиŮͶ乬˰ɣ
һЦҲС
ȻΪû飬׼˾ˣɼȻо飬ǵȻǽԭܵһлȥ
*
Ѿȡˣϫῴ˿ɫ̫Ѿƶ˺óľ룬üͷ壬ʱ򣬹ˣ
ô£
Щ֣ǳʲôˣֱֲӽȥð˹׵ù
ʱֹˡ
ϫϽ˵ˣ֣ûҪȥ
Ƴһۣż־棬ԼȥȥΪҰ
ϫڨЦŵͷ
ʱӶùе˾ܳôû
ϫ۾һ˵£˯ͷˣҪȥ
˾ԲȻͷֱӾǰţţţ̧һ£žʹˣɫ̫õŮ
ϫʹֶһۣΪԼո˾ȥҡ
ôˣҲûʲô£鲻ã
˾Ѿǰǣ֣ʳ㣬㲻𣿡
šͷ|΢
ִŵǰֺõﲻ˸ū˵˵ūܲܰ
Լϫһۣص㵽Ƕõù
пһ¡
ЩĹѧɫ̫ãСʣʹķ棿ʲôʾ𣿡
ؿһۣ֪ˡ
˵ȥԷ
´ֺϫüͷ壬Ļ̻̣ãϫС֣Ƕǵİɣ
Ƥüͷҵ룬ɹӣ㲻ǿЦģ
ϫŴ֣Ҫ޳ˣ֣Ҳһͦģ˵ô£ǲ﷢û˵
һͷˮѲɻǼ|˸ĹҲǶһֱСı𣿡
˵ǽ乬Ը˾Եͷ
µҡͷˣ
ѾڳԷתƺɫʱöˣԵû죬ˣҲûãǳԱ㣬ʱŰЩˣ


192  192 
ڵ
Ļ䵽, زĻ, סֻԼ׵Ӻӡ
Ӱ컹ȥӼϿΣԴʱֻ˾
ܿ, Ӷ˹, 
˾ɣΪʵܳĹ, е壬ĸ㣬, ĸ㶼ˣΨûֹС
û˼ǵã߰|ŵȹ껹СĸԣҲǰ
ӹסĳǰ, ݳޣƺƵ, ԶԶ
˾ӭӣȻһ˾ɾŽӳ֡
~˾ɺЦһܺãôͻȻŹ
ǰǵĴɱƻǳ˳˸㱩¶һû, Ѿ, Կսһ¡
ʵҪ˵, öˣαΪ˼еıȨȨôֱ꣬ӳȥҡ
ֻµ׵ΪŮҲ˵ʲô
ȴ˾ɫãֻ΢΢ҡͷȽݡ
˾ɵпһ£öˣһһЦ˳ԵӣЩ̿ʱϱʧȥѪɫۡ
ʹ˾Ǹ磬Ҳ̲סĳȱţ黹ûΣյĵز
˾ǿЦЦȥ
һӹˣ˾ɿϵѪɫָ࣬ĺһ׺~
Ӿס͹ڵĳͬǰڿǰĵطں󹬣⳼ҲԽ
Ψ˾ɣܹǰ󹬽
׺ͷü᣺£幫
˾к
ˣ˾ɱ۰ͰͿ磬֮ǰʲôʣ
Ȼڽֽ׺ôࡣ
׺ɫ΢ǲ⣬֪ˡ
˾ǳˣоȻ鵽˸ңҶأֻüһЩϢһֺԣһǲͬףͻøҸһᣬΪֻ֮С
磡˾ɴĻЦ֪ǣҪΪңҲ˾ҡ˶٣¶ʲôģԸף
˵ȴߵ飬һſŵĹ䣬
ã˾εЦˡ
׺˵㣬֪ˣЩ
˾ɻգۣ·תѵбķŵ䣬ˣöСѵҪ֮Ů棿
֮ǰҲģЩŮղ˸յǾ͵ò𴩣ʱӲһս֡
ȨرҪֻǵ̾ˣһʱ嶯˰ѱһȨûˣеӣڴ֮ǰø
ҪΪ۸ң
˾ЦȻ⣬Ѿ˽ˣ㻹һã
˾ɴסһɵ˵ã
׺ͷԣ˵С꣬ԵϣǾɫȥףǳۣҲʲô⣬ҪǵһˣǱ㽫øһ˳¡
𣿡˾ŵٴѯʡ
һ乬ĺӣȻøһɫ
øܴԼκף׺︵еĿޣͷȴЩɬ
˾һЦҲûˣû뵽·ת˵ÿҪʤһýһȥףٺʲˣ
׺Ŀޣұ֣˾ֳĻȴ˵ĵһ£㻹ûأ˵úÿ
ҴҴǸ˹֣˾æġ
˾ɲ¶һĨЦݡ
׺ģУԶǽһˡ
˾Ҳæԣ׵һ߰ˣ⡣
˾˺죬ߵĵͷֻǺֵܿĵһֱ乬ΪֹǻȲһЩССС㣬𣿡
˾ɫĿģѾ꣬ȥ󹬣ҪȥʱװķȳøʻָΪһУ˽̵ϾС£ʱ䣬϶ѧһλϸĹ
˾ͷֻ۵׵ûȫ¡
ȫֳ׺û˵Ҫòͬô죿
׺ˣ΢Ұģһܵܣ겻ʮ꣬Σգûĸĺӣ֪ܻܲԸ⣬Ǳ㻤⺢ӣӦģ
˾ɷˣм磬׺ллΪ˳ı
Ӧõģ˭˾ֵСտأ˾Ưϲô꣬ΪЩ˴ŵĳıкδˣ
˾ɺЦþͲˣ
˾̹ȻҲ裬ôŮҲ׽һ
˾򴽣ˣһƫͷ׺Լжĵ٩ֲ˼ˣ·׺һۿеСžţʹҲԼֺܿġ
*
ڶ
Ϊ˱ҹζ࣬˾Ѿ׼ˡ
ȻҪװ⣬ǱľΪ
ɫСһųܣ˾ɵĵ飬չСһСѾܲˡ
˾ɵС״ûȥôԶĵط϶ŻˣǸϽң
ǣŮ̫ˢˢӦ
Ȼ͸һ𣬴԰һ·ңҵˡƫƧ乬
֪˾ĹŮָǰ棬˵ǱߺаɫĶǹȥ
ã˾ɵͷȹӹȥ
乬һӲݴֻһ߳СǴֵÿȥŷʱ߳ġ
ߵˣŽա
˾װ棺ˣŴ򿪣乬ǲסˣ
ϱ乬Դʧ֮Ѿȥʮ꣬ź˾ɵ˶ǱȽģֱʷĲ࣬˹˷׷ҡͷ
̫ǰţȴ˨˵ģŬţȴûλͷ˨ˣƲҲû
˾üͷ壬Щˡ
ûţˣȻһԣ
˾ߵĴŮɫһǰվſںȵ󵨣ٹǰǺˣҲӭӣ
Ӧһ󣺡
ǴŮˡ
˾ɫѿ
û뵽ˣԼȴвǹʶ谮мӣǰûˣ
ҪΪܴףŲĵط
ֻһʱЩﻢ£ǽҹ˵乬棬Ϊ˳ȥӪ˾мԼʱҲܸ˳һ㡣
˭֪˲Ը⿪š
ѲҪײ
Ӳ
һʱӲǶ˵
*
ʱ乬档
ŮĺǳֶͣһſŮߣǿŰɣٹܱϲǵԺǲù
ڵһʱֱȥţ乬ô꣬ǵһ˹ţǱ˱֮ģմȾˣԺԼҲ乬
û߹ȥͱֹˣһ˵ٹ
ǿǻŮһܳһ˰
˵ҲãҪǿеܵ乬ܿ࣬϶˵乬ɵ£
˭뵽λҧȥš
Դһֱ˵žͿţǺûӣͷԼҿ
乬Ҳסˡ
ɫˣ۰Ͱ͵Ŀš
ǻ˰ɡ
ܹ乬
ŹֵĿһۣ֪֪乬ͳ֤㲻飬Ϊ˵õ飬˾ɵһͬһ꣡
ֻ˾ĸԸıá
ȻҲǰǵġ
Ҫ£ҲǺ
˾ϡ𣿣


193  193 
¹ԼĻ, ˾ɲҵ飬ȻΥԸ񣬵ϣֻܰʾŮ
Ů, ŹȴӦ, ǳʲô, ǻǰƿɣ
˾͵ĵͷ˵ö, , ţ
̫ˢˢײš
乬ƾ˲֪, ޹ƾɵú, ôһȺ˵ڣû, 䡪ĵڵϡ
һҳ
ԱߵС˾Բһ, ۾ɵôģҪǱߵ˭, ֻŽ䡣
ϰ꣬ɵʮˣӴҲĸס㡢Լˣ, ۿһȺİ˴Լ, ǿ̬, ¡
Ĭſڱǣ˳˾Ҳ, ĵȴ
Ϣ, , ĹȽ鿴ľŵܣԼվǵŮһ֡
סһѸٳȥ
ܿһȴŮƤĹװŮӳƾɵĹŮǣЩż߽˵ͣҲһ£ߵĻˣһʱ֪ô˵
еǹӦСССµģǰŮӡ
|궯˶ֻ֣ðɣĻʵܣ
ӻŮУƺ
ֵ
Ψɽ̨ϣȽչɫдż⣬ƺһûΪ˾ɵ̶он
˾Ե·ǹʮֳʮؾ
òȴ˿ӹ
˾Ƥ׾Ϊճ䣬ܲ٣˶ֱ¶̫£ٸһ˫㣬ǣҲǵԳһֽ
ԱߵŮӣҫۡ
Ϊû˶ôҲȽעɹƤ𪣬˾мƵȴӾ£ûκۣ֬üëŨڣһ˫۾ˣɫ͸¶һȻĺ󣬴|ӯ
ʱ΢΢𴽽ǣӸ͵мУ޴ն˼ۡ
˾ɣԷӸ£ȴǸǸˣ
˾ΪʶĶ࣬ҲδʶŮӣϸԺﲻðһ⣺乬ﳤģ
˾ɵʻûֱӻش𣬶˵˭
˾һЦ˾ɣʷΪٹ
ԴЦô˵Ҳǹ
˾ɫǵȻҲǸʵŮȻҲǹԭãܿˣ
ȴΪΡָ˾һȦĹˣǸǼңȴ񣿡
˾ɫ΢䣬Լ˰û뵽˵Ĺע
ӦܳȻȲຣ𣿣
ָŵĹȴҲûǿ˾ɣȴʾ⡣
˾ɸϽȵ񣡡
ԲŹ£
񡣡Ļӻ֣û
Ѿ𽥽ԼӷųˣûһװԭټмһֵҲûԣܽ˾ϰˣ϶ﻹбĹ
ľǷڶյֽùϵõ˳ȥʱһ㻤ԼҪֵʴ
˾ƤһͷЩܾƺô˳ˣһʼţио
һסռƻǰȵߣίˣ乬ô꣬ūţȻ֪ģ㶨Ϊ
̾ϢʵҲǣϾҵ벻ңֻǰչذ~
˾ɣ
˾գۣý⻰ֵֹģڰָʲôҲ죬˵ǻ뿪һȥ˵
ã˵Цˡ˾ɴ
ûаģҵ϶ҪˣȻôô궼û˿أ
˾ɺͷȻӲԸ֮ɸĺͿҴºͿ󹬵ҲͿҪǻлһֱȨ˰췴ˡ
ֻͬ˭֪ûб𹬵ļϸʹһңǹġ
һҰæ벻Һ͵ܵܣӦõġ˼ĵͷ
˾˿Զԡ
һɻߵأûһ£Ҳûǲ֪ҴڣţԹԵҡͷԣ϶֪ģȻһǲΪʲôûһҺ͵ܵأ
˾ɣ
Ҫ˵ȥˣ
˾ɫףĬ˺һ
գۣ޹ٹôˣ
˾һƤЦⲻЦûʲôã乬ܿˣȥ󸸻ʱˣһȥ˵ʰĻʵܣҲҪסġ
˵ˣҲֱӴߡ
øʽɡ
бµЩȥ
ףһ£Ҫ˵
˾ѾȲվãˣȵȾͺãʰʰ
˵꣬תƺһҲͣ
ĹҲϽ뿪
*
乬Źزϣ⣬ǱӰʧһЦҡҡͷαʹ˶α
õϵľܿˡ
ò붼벻
˾ֶλ̫ۣҲû£и˾ԿԸΪѱڣ뱻ǯơ
Ҳ˾ɴδ
Ц˴֡
Ҫֵ˾ɸûֱˣæżĶ˵ӴҵڣǺٹʲôٹǱ۰ĺӣһЩӶȲϣպôں㰡
ֵǾദ飬Ϊ룬֪û˾뿪乬ֶһλвһƮƮŹԼ
ǵȻͶһˡ
Ψһѡ񣬶ѡҲûа걣һŹŹֵֹ⼸꣬˲٣ҲԲһƲ硣
ʵУΪ˸
ֻ飬ڣǼ鼴벻ʲôң
ĵǲǻ˾𣿹б£˾Ծһӡ
ֱ˵㣬϶ǵη壬϶̡
ϫ飬ȷԳȥ󣬵һʱܳȥܴܲū澰ūһӾľź
ζЦЦҪǿԣġ
ϫϲ̵ĸ硣
ʵľګŴһ׼ƣϫڣԼһ£˵ǡ컹ˮϴ𣿡
ˣҡͷ
Ŷ벻ˣĵͷ
֮ǰʥּˡȣ˽һ˫Ů乬ݶţΪɡ
䲼ʥּǻʵߵĴ̫֮࣬⣬лʵ۴͸֡ŮӭϫֵߵߵĸҪһߣṳ̂乬ͱ̫һƣС̫˶ѹס
ͷѣҵĹŮ
̫࿴ˣȷΨһɫϲС̫ཫˣٿҹذϫʹ֣·ϣŰӹ죬ʮ壡
ֺϫ˽һɤĶ޺ūź꣬ûйҲпͣūһ
˾ԵĶ䣬ˣأǻôá
ʱ򣬹ǲֵġ
ԭʮ꣬˾Բ꣬ûӣι˵ķˣǳԻ壬ºҳԷһǷ纮յҪˣǻԹۡ
ڲᣬˡ
ǴǳȥԼԭĿ
˻һ۾һɣͻˣڵϣֻţȴû˿ĸоѾ䵽ľˡ
ôΨһ̣ŸоԭӦ
ǲֻʱδ
ڡʱˣ
ѹ֮ǰ˵һ仰Ƕᵹùֻǡôйܳȥѵһ£


194  194 
ĻӺ乬һں󹬾, æ˶һ£Ļӹ
ȱ˿չˡ
ԭôãΪ˵ӣȻ, ֱʵ˴ʹ, ⡣
˶ֻ
Ϊҵ
֮Ի, һӺ, , Ϊݲͬ
õŮ, ͽ˾ġ
ֻ˾ҲĴ޿ɾҩ֪, ΪϲŮ, ܲӣǵһȥС
ز, Ϊûºӣȴǰˡ
, ǺӾûˣʱȻλŮѻУй», ڽĽгΪҲġ
˾һȥ, ܴ, Ӳǲ˿Ƶ𣬹, ŵڲǸλ
˵һεķ, ֮, ǳСĽÿζȻԴֵҪ˾Ǽ򵥵ŪԼڣڻˣȻ
һԭ乬ʱܵѾ꣬˾ɵ˽ֵ̿ԭֻϣҲǽ˽ǡ
һ˾ûг£΢ֻܶ࣬ǽΪɡ
һŲһĶӣҲһشĴ
йܾ¶ӺΪԼĺûо֣ǻӣԻһꡣ
Ǹ⣬ΪĸѲԸСʵ۲ΪӱߣӲҲֵĻᣬӳ
ûãֺߣ˫һҪӣһҪĸ˳󣬳Ϊľ֡
֮˾Գ乬˼ǵãֱȥ˹ȥӵֻꡣ
֪Ͷôֻ࣬ҪӺúó󣬰ļƻûо֣
κμƻϲϱ仯󹬻ӣֹƽ󣬻ʮ㣬ھȻֶһʮĻӣ
ҪŪûĺӣȥˣȻûɹͺѰζˣҲ˳۵ֺǡ
˾ڵֱ֪ӽɺֱüЦ佱
˾ҲܿģҲǸڴģҪȻô˳
˾ףˣʲּû𣿳ӦúæէܻµúܣӦڳǡ
˾Цݶʱʧ̫ȻĿ˾һۣЩԸ磬㻹ñȥɡ
ôˣ˾ѯʡ
˾ɳŲ֪ô˵Լ׼õĶ˼ҸϡܣҲԼУǼƻȫһ
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˵˾˵һ䡣
˾ɸҪͷһ̫ǰ
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˵겻ֻ˾ɫ̫ã˾ɫҲ΢΢أ۴㵣˵
ôǻڡ
Ҫֱɱǣһû乬ʮС
һ̫˵̬ȣ˾ĸоҲʲôܹ֧˵Ļ
ɼȻǵļƻЩ̫ʵ֣
һۣ˾εĲ䣺Ҽ̬ȣһ㶼乬ĺӣƺҲûбѹӾǡǸġ˾ɻʣСү
ţԱ˵ĹϰΪ಻η壬ʲô˵
żִ˵棬ȴףһ俴ƮƮĻֱͨһµıʡ
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ͷĿ̹ȻĴĴţȻ¶һĨǳЦ֡˵ƫͷ˾˵֣ˡ
˾ԹԹ죺֡
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һ㲻ãԻС֮ǰһֱûҷֿǲչԼҲûԼĹˣ˹չ˾ԣֵˣضܽչ˵üá
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˾ɫҲãǶ̫͹˾ˣ
ֻߵԼſڣ˾ֻ˸ЩƵˣΪǿʥּһҲϣȥּͻ飡


195  195 
һεʥּıһҪ졣
һԭ, ΪӦеһдƮƮȻʱһιΪ˱ҹζ, ڶ, ˾԰ٺ, ԼصϢһڶ, ͽӵʥּͷǹ
û˾һԼԶŮ
ɼܡ
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̫԰ģֶ߸Ź̬֣˵, λǱ͹Ľ, ǳ֣, רŽ̵ڡ
֪ˡͷ
̫, ǰ
ڰ֣ˣ°ɡ
Щżĺһ
̹ǵ, ôһ㶼ѧ
Ա΢Щɫס, , ջ, ǲϰ, ùϢ졣
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۾һһ۶Щϧǰøĸһ
˵ϣ˾ҲЩ
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رҲòȥ
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ѾָƽһĿչһĨЦݣɡ


196  196 
һ糿
ɫ, Ѿ𴲣Ű뿪ǰ
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ͬס
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ѧϰĽ̵ѧѧܶ, Ҫ, ӲչʾԼһ̵С, ǰ
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ûʲô飬̫磬飬ԲϲˣǷܵľûС
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Ӳ˲ܣɸ첲סܲˣ޺һ˫̧ͷίίϥСǹҪ֣Ҳ˵Ļ


197  197 
µĵǸΧԽС, һСλ졣
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һ죬ĬɫԽѿ
Ǳģ⻰ͦʵġ
ҪģԼ⡭
Ըš
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Ժ˵ĿԴһ㣿
һ룬Լˣ֮ǰʱյ糺ʧ١
̾Ϣ֪ºѽܣһһЩҽɫüĿָ׸ɾ֫ȻǳһŮȴвٺϾͻһ
Ҷ֪㵽ľЩƲ⣬һˣɷĺȻͳģҲ˵ھиӡ
˵꣬ҧŴۿᣬû
ƢʵͦõģҪǻˣ¿ǹҲùĽ˸ϳȥ
ֻֻʵʵ˵
֪ⳡ£зĸǱߵĺӣϼףʶò࣬ȴҲ÷зһǰμӿƾʱٿƾ٣пԼеĳ
ϧˣƫƫ⡣
û˵صľţǲš
|궼ҧѪˣڼžУȷ˵ģѾкˣ
ף㽫ָңǺǸλǼܹø
˵ˡ
£ȥһˣպýãةŮȻǻƵգҹĻǹ˸֣̱仯ҵŮȷϷλ֮󣬻صǰ˵ˡ
֪ˡëָ󵽷ףǱǿݣպδĴӪ
úԶϢòͨҪʲôʵҲǲܡ
һʣ㵽ϸλ𣿡
Сҡҡͷ
ǶлˣһúÿǵġڵЦݣ֪㣬Ҫʲô
ЦҵĻӦˣǵðһ£ʲôģңԵԵҵҶ㣬ûӦ飬Ҳ׸˵һ
񣺡
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Ŀ뿪۾ֱģոյһϯڻû׻
˵Լǹֻմ乬ҪةฮⳡҪóȷˡ
ôҹȥƭӣĲ²𴩣
ƭӵĿ࣡
ǰѾŮة˹ŮҪˣ
ƿŽȴŮʧǵǣһ㶼û֮ǰϵϲɫ
ةͷһ£ѯʣôˣ
ứĸףǿŵķ򿪣˵ة˻޵ոա˵кˣ
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ҡҡͷոպĶԻתةˣȻ˵ʵҲԶڻ磬÷ɸ봫飬üȥһ£ǲиӺ𣿣
ةȴȻʧЦһΪʲôأһŴ乬ĹʮأĻҲŰˣվҪޣҪˣ۾ˣվͲƯˣ
֪һСôΪһҲûʲô飬ΪԼ룬һأ
żˣȥһ£ҰҲã𣿡
ة˵ͷãȥ˵
ԷɣҲףŴߴţة뿪
һ˯˯ˣԺμδһӣ˵ǵĺӣû޹ȥ
ˣͷԽҡ
һֱȣֱɫʼˣϲŴ룬װ硣
һֱĲɣֱة˳֡
۾һ۰Ͱ͵Ŀô
ة㶣̶¶һĨЦݣߵߣûУΪӭȢ㣬ͨˣ
һɣˣֻǺܿЩŭûУǹȴ˵һһ
˵һ乬ĹôĳˣָһܿЩ
Ѿߣ㵽д˷ţȥ͸ٹ˵æ
ǣѾ뿪


198  198 
̶һ, ةฮ
һģĺýס
ȻǳĺýãΪдŸ˾, ˹
ž˾˵, ķǳʱ, һ˶ȥˡ
źֻһȥةฮΪס
Ϊһ򲻰˵˻ĻûֱӾܾ, ȴˣͬһةฮſڡ
յıһĶ࣬ƿ, ˾ɱ, ȥɡ
ͷ, Ž̤
һ, Ŀ⼯ж, һǰ㡣
ʱǰˣȫ, ȻҲڴ, , , ʹԶһ, Ҳ, һȻ
˾, վԱ, ˲, Ըо
ʹΪϵĵһˣÿγжյһȺ˵ΧۣΨһΣоЩĿڣΪЩĿ⿴ŵĲ˵ֻһűȽϵζ
˾ɺЦұǡ
ĳϣչӦõġ
üĿ嵭ĵͷôĿ£ӳ
˾Щ⣬־֮У˾Գ㣬һʼ乬֪
˿߸ߵżƫƫʱȺﲻ֪˭Ȼ̧˵һ׼С㻹˵һ˵ĳƺٹóȥģһôǹʤһ
ֻܴЩ
˵֮һݾͲͣ˵̵Ļԭ۵˶ʶˣ͵ԡ
ˣ˾ȻҲ
̵Ĵ|꽩ס̲סһߵŮӣٸΪŨޣֻʩ죬㹻ÿֻǲһƿĿ⣬µļߣֻǶû֮ǰôˡ
ֻȴѽ˵òӡԺ
ӵһμ˾˾ɾ֪ãԼҪƯ̫࣬гԡ
֮£˾ɺԼվߵ㣬ߣһأƫݣС֡Ƕϲ۸ˣֻҪһ죬Ϊ
ʵĺ󹬴ҲŮӣˣԽԽ˵ǽŮӣһֱΪŮӾ͸źÿ
һ׺תеĻоЩ˵һʼΪģһ˵ĳƺţóȥġ
˾ɺȻþ㲻óȥԷҲȥ
Ⲣʲô¡
ţͳҲû¡
Ŀͬ˾ɲԾӿ˲ǱԭеĲ΢΢üã㣬ǳѾ˺һʱģ
Կһۡ
˾ɲȻЦЦԼģƫƫǽӲЩ鴤ˡ
֪ΪΣ˾Ǿ飬·ʲôԲ£˴乬ȳ۸ǽֳܵͷˣ󸸻Ϊǽλݣ˾Եġ
ЩôҪ㹻ˣϾ㲻ףҲչ˲˾Զã˾Ҫţգ
úܺãǵⲻ㣬ڶԷһоԼ˼붼ǰҲˣûȥǰԼ顣
û˾ɵĸӣ󲽸ϡ
ԶˣһӼҵĻȻ˿ոշ˵ˣ㲻Ҫ˵⻰
ӵܵҡӣʲô˵Ĳʵ˵ҪǽһˣӲҪ˵һٹǲǲҪˡ
磬ʵԸ
ϸɣСֹһ
û˵ˡ
Ը⣬ǾʹӮҲˣҲٹ꣬¾ܳװĿƣ
ֻǿϧ
乬꣬ò׳ˣֵΪ
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޵ӱΧţеŮҲҪɻˣϲ죬еѻ˵֮е᲻úѣϧ
Щ˶׾һģ˾ҲǶʶ
˳֣ϲһ֣󿴼˾˶ЩнͲ죬ʱΪ
٣򵥵ĴкͲ˵ˡ
˵Щ˵ȥ䡣
һСɫŹ֣ʶû
ʣٹôʶģ
ҾͲ֪ˣ岻ûйҹһʰɡ˾ЦɫҲ˱䣬ͳϵΪס綼ˣ֮ҲСȦ˾ųһΣֵóд룿
ȴĺг˾ɴ˵ķҲҪ淴뷨
ƭӣ֮ƭˣ˭ǼһôѲ鵽࣬δһףˣǶ᲻ȥˡ
˽䣬ţһʱǹҹ˵ģѾüĸ˵
ɫࣺξˣϣǹ´βҪƭ֮£
¶ֲ죺ĸĵˣ
϶Ȼ
ȴҲš
ǹǲ棿ة˺Ȼš
ãĸѾ˵
ȥţة˽Ŀ㾯Ŀ·ǴԼҺӵĻˣüǹ£ʲô£Ը˵С¡
̹ȻֱӶԷҾֱ˵ˣĸûȥ鿵ݵ£
ЩЦǹΪһֱ²ţĸףȴةֱ¶ִ㵣·𡭡˵Ƶģ
ɫ΢䣬鶸Ȼȵף㲻˵ȥ𣿣
˵ˣ
һۿԾԭƽ͸ƫĳּһΣҲΪԼ޸һ˻̿֡
ةɫҲ̫ãһ߰Ůһüż˼һ˵ͻɳ
ȴѾţ۾ˣƭңһ˺ӣѵҪҹȥ͵˺ýة֮ŮֲǷɣҪ˵ҲͰˣһ۾Ͳ³ûе飬֮ǰ˵ĺпģ
ة˱˵ҲЩڣٵͷˣܲܲɻɣ
ĬĬţѾ˵ȥˣҪôĸŮ£ʱڱ仯ģżһͿܸıһ
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ĸŮһճҧЭҿȼ޹ȥǱҪȥݵ飡ȴ֮뿪֮ǰҽڲԲ
ʶ֮ʿŮԻǺǿģҪĹͷûгѸԲߣѾˣֱ˻飬ҵҲûˣѡģ͸ƭ飬ǼٵġҲûʲôˡ
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˳ǣһһҪƭңȻպԷ֣ҡҾֱˣ
ةһͷķܶʱʧ٣޵⺢ӣ˵ʲôɵ֮ǰû뵽ο϶ƭˣһúõ飡ţͳˣ
ΪЦһҪ
ةͷúã
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ة˲δϣֻǹ˼ŮвǸɷ˵ˡ
ةҲûѣһûʲôˣٴδŹȥһ˽һĶϸĴ
Ϣõ֡
ûϣڻŵǰһ˻طˣةŽó˵ŵˣ㿴
һϴһ˵⺢ǿųģǱߵģôǰŪӣۡ
תȻûˡ
ֻոջ۴ЦӴʱɫѾ࣬бֽţַ
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ة˻һ֣۾ʹֽةǰһԼ˵Ŀųģ
ҺǹĻȥһ£ȻھͺŮ
ة˼ةӶ˵ģĳ£ȴԸţɿ콫ֽԼֻӬͷСдţһͨУǰҽǨƱԺţһǰҼǰȥԺ
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199  199 
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ڿˮûԲĳ»صҡ
Ϊ֮ǰĶһĺ֪, ֻΪգ᲻, ټת, Ӧ, õ, ĸȻǰǰ㡣
񼷳һЦ, Ӳĵĺգ
δվ, ѾȲ̧ͷſڵȴˡ
һ, ȴ
ةࡢةˡ, ȫ, ûһ΢ЩЦ, ⲻ
ΨСǹ˵ĻӦˣ
̶յദ, ĵ׾ɷº, Ϊλ£
ΪةŮԲԸ£һʱ, 𣿣
Ҳ˵ı鲻ԣû룬˳ǰ
ʹٲ̼Ҳã˳ĸ˵
üһ, ܾﲻ, Ѿ첽, ҲϽϣЦʸ˸硣
̼Ҵɨһ£ĬȻӿ첽
ٿһۣ̲סҪֱƭ֮ˣ
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캬ῴܣʹޡ
Сʲô𣿡ͷƤ飬ѯʵ
ةʱɫѾףĳ֣㻹ʵ
ȻȴǼװ޹
ةȴ̲ˣָı˵㰴ʲôģҪȢҼҹŮȢͶˣʲô£ô̲ãŮ޹ȥ֮ǰͰŪôãǲǴŽŮȥ޿۸
䡪
ĸһϯͬһը㵵ĵɴ¾Ȼˣ
ةʧǿųĺӣĸǱߵݣҹſֻҷ˺Ϳȴ뾩Ǹ˿ôԶ˿⣬֪Ǻʱˣģ
ةĳˣ£ʹգȥٸԼ
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ҡͷ˸Ҳȥ
ةֱЦˣϷˣ
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ѿıޱȣҲǹмҪԼĻĸ׵һʧӲء
ǰ˻
̼Ҵæãһ߿㻹ãҪ㣬ĵزҪǿϣһŪ㣡
ߵˣײϣ۵ɫŤ
ûһ̼ǰ
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˭֪ҾȻ۰Ụ̊
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ŵȳ޹Լĺӣٸ˵£ʱܲˣҲܱȫ
˭֪ڽͱˣһڲ̼ȴҡ
ų̼ҧЭ˾׾ͽˣ˻ȥƸûٲɣƭһ֤ȷ󣬹ҲˣԴʮڲòμӿƾ١
ǵﵱةĴۡ
ڶ̼ĸŮ͵Ҫǹ˻ʺͬ⣬˽󣬵һʱŴƷ
һλϵŮةһ죬ĴŮڵϣַڵϣͷסֱһͷ빫ˡǳ֪㹼⣡ҲǸлִԣ𴩳ԣ๫֮ڵһ̣
Ҫة˵ݣҪؿͷ
ֻ˾кӣһӦˣһۿѣûȥ㹻Щµġ
Ǵǰ˵ģ彡ز㹻˵ˡ
Զ븸ĸȻ̼ԺգɽˮԶպָôĥ
ļŮǻһ𣬿ܾˣһ㣬ҲΪԼ֮ǰ³çðΪǹǸ
˵⻰ʱļ²ѡ
Ķǹûб̬ߡ
ĸ׹ڵϣǰԼΪǹҡײƭ㵱𣬸ȣָмԼຣĸ˵꣬Ҳл֮Ϊ빫ⱡ񡣡
ŰԺӵӣǳ顣
ʵ治ֶԷΣǳҲţ»ͷһ˵
ǻǰ˵ˣҸ˷Ǿͺܺˣʱ񡭡ǳļױ
𡣡ǣˣҲ֪ʱóȻ˵ţǻˣԼԼ̫ˣûȥ
չһЦǹִԣҽգӦõģҹʲôҪŮģܷԸ
治ҪôණҲ˷ѣѾܴģҵĿĴﵽˡ̹Ȼ
˵ȴɫĶЩûʲôо˶¶һĨЦݣĿţ
ҲΨʶ֮ʿںǮơ
ҪֻǹΪ֪ĶȱڹΪ֪Ǹʱ䣬Ҳܰ쵽ֻϧҪ乬˶꣬ʱȣòϳ̼ҡ
Ȼǳ̼ҶȫԸ
ڳĿ£΢΢ȣһܿĿ⡣
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Ҫ
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һ㣬Ůü޹ȥԼ𻵣պˡ
Щةÿÿź̹ԣǹҪҼŮ죬ͨ˺㵽ԼĺӣµŮǹ뿪Ҷ֪ɴ
ةεʱĲԸǹ˵ĻҲǧ֮һĿܳˣҶԲҶҶƲȴգҲҺˣֻϧûһŮǵü޹ȥ
߷ߵ˭뵽ʮ꣬ȻѾˣʱȫҶΪܿȡʹǧһصӱ͹ȥû뵽ãǹִԣ˵ﵱƭˣҺȰ˵һ¡
ǹҳ̼ҵĶ飬ĳģ
̼ͬةˣһǶ˾ĸмͬʱҲֿ䣬ָƳ硣
һʱ侩֪乬ǹȻѧ
󲿷˶ŵģةΪƼҲҸֽ˵Լ
ŵҲУΪةɲ㶼öŮΪۣҲ̫ˡ
Ҫة֪ǺöⳡҪǲ֪Ψбˡ
ߣǹĸٴα빬֮ǰǵʿʦ˵ͦĺԵʱϲŻᱻ빬Ϊ
һ룬ǹЩѧҲġ
ֻǵ׹֮°ϱ乬ǹҲǵ󣬾ȻҹĳԼóЩ
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ΪӴļˣǻЩˡ
ô乬ˣȴҳŮҪôʮͣһĵܵܣȴȥĴֺϫ˶ǺóԺúȵд
һж˵ͨˡ
ˮΪ˾ƳĵһˣʶĲǺЩˣӦûһģŮô࣬úý̵ҲӦģ
˾ԾԼǳģ˵üۡ
˾ǵøһ㣬ȴΪãպ˾ԣȻλϵ谭
ةҶƳ֮ة֮ף
һֱע˾ɵ׺ԣһ˿ݣȻѾˣܲʱѡº֣ʹҲֻ־ܡ
˾۾һ
׺ЩҲǸˣһܺƿص㡣
⻰һ˾Ͷˣ֮ǰ˾Ǳи˾չˣҪкϸĴҲһð׵ܣ˾ûж˾԰㲻ã෬ա
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˾һ٣Ҳ˾ƿغá
ͷʹ˾ǿʼ̽һ¡
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ȥ̽ͬסӷ㡣
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ңǰͲ̫Ҷ˵֪ӵ󣬸ˣУýڹ
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һ÷󣬾ȥʵʩˡ
ƻ硣
żʱ˾Էѧ磬󹬸һԷʮ꣬Ŀǰ룬˾Ҳʮ꣬δӹڣںޣһʱûʲôġ
ǽ죬˾ԸճӼ࣬ͼһ̫൲ԼǰĻӣҼҵ롣
˾򴽲ȥ
̫Ц˵ȷʵҪ£Ļӣȥū澻ȥ£ģʱֵÿˣǹҲǲ
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ֻǵ˾ԸŹȥˣһ·ĳͤȴûп˾ˣΨ˾ǣƺˣӭӣĻʵܣ
˾üͷȸ˾Ȼ̫ࣺأ
̫ЦǵЩµˣڴš˵꣬ˣţ
׼õĹŮ룬ļȰڷźãǳʢȻ죬ͤԱȴһ¶ҲˣǸò͵ĺõط
˾ĬĬĿ̫̫࣬üۡ
˾һҧǼԼ꣬ɫЩѿʵܣڳ壬ɲܶӣ԰ɡ
лʽ㡣˾ǰ£ӡ
˾Цĸˣ㣬ĳרȥѧգζʮڣ㿴Եù𣿡
л˾Կ
㣬ʲô˾̧־ҪԴ
˾Բܿһŵĺ˻ʽ֡
˾Цݶ˶٣ջֵ֣û£ӦõģЩ乬òãûǰҵĲǣպʲô¾ңһỤġ
л˾ֵֿ˵乬úܺãԴöȻȴܳԱů
˾ɿЦһδοʧ¶⡣
˾Կʳ˹ĳԣҪǽ˵СʱθһЩûͨôãԳԷҪһ㣬϶ڳˣ
ζ˵һ£Ҳ~
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˾ԹҪ̫˵һġ
ֻǵŵţȴ̫࣬˾
ʮ꣬緢ܺõĴЦߵǰ˵ãΪֲ벻Ҫ֡
Цҡͷãֿ£
˾ӣƶЩãҲһٷɣ
ǸǸЩ²ϻθڡ
ϲһԷС¾ûҪίԼˡ
˾ȴѾ֪ڵĻʵܣûʱô࣬Ҳ˷ˣûְæ
ЦûϵҳԲ꣬й˿Գԡ
˾ɫ˳ʾźĹŮ¡
˿ʾͷǲ뿪
˶ˣ˾һַϣָ棬ָĵڣ
ã治֪Ǽٲ֪Ϊ֪һίˣ󹬹ܣֵǮĶ˭֪ˣǷ񻹻ţ治ΨһĵܵܣҸɽ
Ψһ֣һЩ
Ҳڸ˾ΨһˣȥиûһΪ˾ԣһ˾Ҳûˣǹ¼ҹˡ
ЦһֻӰš
˾üͷ΢ָ棬ѵã
Ȼ̧ۿ˾һ㶵һ˲䣬ſӶȻϵͱȥ
˾һȴŲֵһ飬һá
ٶ̫ˣ
ֻ亹˾ȻǰЦȴûʹдٺϽŲֻ֣ϣһͱӣǶ棬ȵ
λεвȻҵܵôȫҾһΪģ֣أ
˾
һİӿ
ոջвԾӸµѪɫ|꿴ǰˣ۵ǻδ|ȥĿ־𾪡
һ֣
ҪɱˣڶôѾˣ


200  200 
˾ɵͤ
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Ͼ, ƺ, ͦ鷳ġ
ֻǵȰ, Ҳûʲôźš
˾ɾòԾ, ˾Э˰, ܽӴֱ࣬, ˲ÿơ
, Ƚ˾
ֶֻ, ʮС, Ȼ¬ˣ
Ϊ˾ĵܵ, ˾ûƽʱ侲, , Щ뿴˵òʱûеϢ, ˾ȻȥˣԼһ侲ȥ
ȵ˾ס, ˾ɽȥҪѯ, ľɫ԰׵, ɫ΢䣬Ī֮лң֣ôˣ
˾̧ɫöˣƤǲ˲ǡ͹
صԼľɾļ¡
˭뵽ͽ乬ڲųĲʮŮֶ˶ࣿة˵ģֹѧ϶
ͽȥʵˣְɣ
Ȼôأ
乬һ飬ʵһʼ͵˻῿ѲȥǱߡ
ÿ乬ŷߵʳﶼм¼ģպù˵ķ˶ˣ乬ǻǺӣ̣Ҳܺõ˺󹬺硣
Ծ˭̸ôЩ
˾ЩˣԺﲻסĻصһͱ㲻˵ʱǰŮ¶޺Цݣ˵Ǿ仰
˾ʱ˶ըˣ
ҪǶǽסˣȻһŮǰˡ
˾ʲô˵ʲô
̬Ѿˡ
˾вΪһ˾Գ£Ƕᣡ
һѡͬھ־ܵˣ
˾ı˾ɰãһ£˾żոշʲô£˵
˾һЦһӣͱӡ
˾ţ˵ɣ
˾ҡͷģҪҵʱ˾Գ֣֣ҲҪˣ
˾Щ±𣿡
Ŀŵģ
˾Ƥ飺ҶĲ𣡡
˾Ĭ
ȱ֮ˣ˾ıλѾãԸһģ᲻Լ֣
һ֣ͻˣ
ȸк׺˵˾תҲ׷صС
Ѿˡ
ȻûǽˣΪ֮ƣΨСӲͷƤϣ
Σ
˴Σ
ֻҪǲ뿪սͲֹһŮˣԶԶûûʵջʥּĵز
һȷˣ뿪ˣ˾Ի׸
ֻǡ
вԼֳͬ⣺ĻԹԼ޹ȥ
ǲ޹ȥʲôֶΰ
˾ɣеľ۷壡
*
Ϊƻȥ飬ȴմڳ
룬ȥ
ȥҲǴѧˣ˭̫̫޶ˣҪһȴҲȥҵˡ
˭ˣ˯þȥ˯á
ܶС£ֻжԷ룬͸ȥ
ڼ˾ҲȻǰҲйʦȫŹ񣬿ΪһЩ˾òãĸΪ׹Ʊ乬ġ
֣˾ѵҲûϣةѣ˾Ҳ̣֮󣬼˵ɴȥˡ
һ£ӵڽˡ
һʼģһЩ֮ˣΪû룬ҲǺ棬δʲô¡
ȵõķǼõģһЩЩòԾģҲŵ롣
Ͼͷһʵѧˣף
󹬣ʵǸͦ鷳£Щⶼ˽ˣҲòġ
ȥĵԸϵĶϱϡ
˵ԼңҲǽĴ壬ֻϧЩ˶㣬̲㣬ܳųӵֻԸһˣƫƫӰǰʼԸϾ;񲻼ãһʼֻǰҹȺֱӡ˵
ǰѾʱڼܳʱ䲻ˡ
ԸϵĴӼǰȥӱţҪԸϣŲĿǰԼɴϱƹܣһһŮʮ꣬Ůʮꡣ
ԼվſӭӣʱϱӭŮЦݣ۵ɸϣеĿ
˱֮ǰةҿŮˡ
һ²ϵƸŨˡ
ӭӽȥŮϱż빫ҹԭƽҲûʲô󲡣ֻͻȻһ죬˵źżŵ䣬˵ˣ빫æ
գۣʵ֮ǰӵһЩ٣඼ãһ£ʧˣٲµģȥҲûˣҪѾ
ĲĿԸһ㡣
Ҳûֱ˵ǵͷãҵȿ
ͷ䣬еҩζŴͨ磬ȻںҩҩζŨһЩɨҲܸɾ
ϵҹԲסţȥûȢֻǼҹһ򽡿ͻ֢˺һֱѣ˵Ǽźˣֹ˵£ʥϿ̫ҽƣ޼£ǰ̫ҽ˵Ѿҩʯҽһҹȥ͵öǣҳŮѾʮˣǰδТˣٱ꣬ǲС
ʱТϸǸȥүү̽ﱲүүȥŮҲТ꣬游Т
Ȣ´ӿʼȣʽȢð꣬һĵҡ
ģԸϹ״̬Ĳ̫ãһȥˣСٴТзǱӶŪˡ
Ĭţ֮ѯԸϵ֣ȻٴͿڴϵԸϣͷףɫɣҰףһ˫۾ʱţȴ˫񣬾ɢ
ֻǺֳĲ಻ͬӡÿɼǳƫƫӡ΢΢죬ǡС˵ࡣ
ٽϰּ㣬оˣǰ
Ͽɴ˼֣˵㡢ѧ𣿻ῴ
ϵĿ⣬ЦŻͷ಻ѹҲܸȫĽ⡣
ɫЦ˵ǡ
ó̫ҽԺҪ룬󣬴Ըϵָһƣһ£ȻһЩãȻĿڿһ£ûҵҪˣ¶ʧɫ૵Ϊʲôң˵𣿡
ӣŴָѪȷϺϣͷ㽫źԸϵ˶й
üһߵ֡
ָϽȥһ룬ȴҡͷҪɻ󣬾ֵͷһ£һѾ˵ǶӲҪһЩ
ҡͷõˣֱץ
ϵȥ
ָϽȥֻһʱ˵㣬ҲţԼĪһӺٴλѾͷ󺹣ˣСѾȷʵ⣬ū澴ȥʱ׼ܣҪֶ࣬ıܳȥˣ
ɫѿǶʲôԵģչ̫үôҪ£ȻһѾߣ
ֵ˵ͷ˵
ʱһŵѾ߸ѺСѾһ£Ŵ󺰣ūԩū澾Ƕۣһ£־͹ū澣
ţ±ʣ˴īδ׸ɵֽţɫڳ˵Ѿ߱¶֮ˣµĶרӰ񾭵Ķأ֪ҹ޵Σ˳ͲõľֱӴңʧȥֻҪˣúõҲָٻɻ
СѾߵԼ
־ϲл滹ꣿ
šٴεͷ
ǧл׼õٴξܾ֮ŵʱҲߣû˼Ҳߡ
뿪תͷȥͽѺʹ£ıϣ˽̿϶ǲС
ҪҲԽβ;
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ʷıԸһ±ж
֤ȷ䣬Ǵ
ƫƫҲɱ˶
˱гնף޾췢߹ۡ
طǰлʱε˲Ǳ֮ˣ֮Ψжһˣ̫ӣҹҲηԣǼ£
ʱκͣûԴ˷ʲô
ʧ飬ԸϱıĴ¾˲֪һ˵ǹһȥԸ㿴˭Ըϱ飬ҽһ̤ŹصԸϣˣ
ǻʣּһ㣬涮ѧ˶˲٣Ҳѩһӿ볯
ʱҪ㣬Ϲ


201  201 
ݷ, ʵпЩˡ
ĵˣһˡ
ȵ۵õܣҲĻ, һɢȴձȨĶƫƫûҪеıȨ, Ϊӡ
ʱ, ̳Ψжӡ
ûж, ûλ, Ҳ޼¡
ȻҲֻװ, һһһ־, ٲչ¶ԭأ
һֻһŮ, ޲Ѳȥ, ʹҸٴѹ, ҲȢ, Ҷûһ, µĶ, 齫ףΪӣҲ˾ɿһȨĻ塣
ڱȨڶ, мɵģǶˡ
ݷ𣬾˵ֻΪ±ӰȻǣҪȥ
鵽زĵʿʲô, ȥΪ, Ϊ, ӲϳҲ
бȨԼľȵ۽иġ
Ϊ˱ⱻȨȫһϣοסȨȴ飬˼ɻ䣬ƽﶼֻ͸ˡ
õӣбһ롣
һˣʵ˾һػߣ̰ȨƣȴѿһֱȨгٳٲֱ췴Ĺ͡
ǳʲô£Ҳд
ʱŻ٣㶨ˣԼĸУɱУζֶûɹ
ݷ΢Щ˶ȥ̶ʱƾһһھˣûɲ롣
ⲻӾˣ
ǻ壬ùһЩ˹⣬ڹſڵȺĶǰӭӣ湬·
ľǶ½ƽԶ
ʮͣ˸󣬽üĿһ˲š
һĴ磬һʺãչϵǱãЦӦĿϣֶ࿴ۡ
Щ֣
ӺϣǰУܿ쵽˶
*
߹ȣͼ˴нĶͲСˣʮ࣬ͷףɫȴãг֮ˣüĿʮֻ
Ǽ棡ϥ
ĶˬһЦض񡣡
£̧գֶۣ࿴ۣٲźۼĿ½ƽԶ
겻ԵĻӣһ˫峺
ע⵽䣬òµĿģɻΪѹ֮
ȻᡣЦŵͷ
ǳɣ߰ɡ·
½ƽԶҲʶš
ʲô˵ƽԶڸţȥԸһ
ǡ½ƽԶסһ
һ̴ζС¥
ͣ½Ųȴûȥ˵乬ʮ꣬ȥˣѧЩģ
Ц²鼮ܸպҶⷽЩ츳ſžͻˡ
ЦѧɲǿſžͻģǰةࡢԸϣЩ󳼣һΪ˵СѾͷ׸ʲôô
˵˵ȥǲ
ҲѲµޣֻһӣϾ˿ʮ꣬һʼģڲϰߣֻӰˣԽΣ£ýй濴
ЦеүţǲҸү㣿
ֲ̬ɵȤ㣬Ҫ֣
ҡͷòţΪܿ˶٣һЦү½粻ɣ
ɫһͣЦʧһ˫ӥĿѹȸʮ㡣
ֱ󣬰ûõӣڵõģ˲֪֧½磬ǲµ
֪ģʡ
㵽ġ̹ϵ
⾪ɣȷʵ½ƽԶʱµһЩδڿ½ƽԶԼʱɻ
Ϊ˽Ϊ˲˻Լܽһһʮ꣬Ϊ˲˻ɣһŮ˶ҪΪʮꡣ
Բͷ֧½ƽԶ
˭֪Ȼ֪
ôģģ
ЩԸţʮˣӴ˶Գ㡢ѧˣûһб£ֻ˵һЩµĶ
ƫƫΨǰʮСȻˣ
ֵԿûŮģһӣ½ƽԶŮĺӣոҿ࣬ԵߣŮĺӣǲǿ϶ģƫƫΨһͣŮ
ǰĺܻԲŻԼӵ£Բ¹ŮԼĺӣӡ
һӳûѪԵϵʣµûʲôͬûӣȨҲᱻϣƺУֲ˾ҲɵӶȨ
λȻҲˡ
ǳ飬һΪ𾪵Ŀģ
̯֣ţȥж˸ҵİʵû֮ˣþܲóʮǰ£
ĬصôΣӱӣգǡöӣ˻ɡ
һֱĹܼң֪ˡ
ǰŮ乬ԼܵУûиȷʵ乬кΪϣƽҪϸ飬ôԽ󹬣ֱӲ鵽£
Ŀ
ÿܻ룬˵ȥһ֮ǰҹȥЩ˼ҵķ˹ֳ⡭
ã⻰ֱӵͷ
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Ǹжɣ˵ֹһһһȥ֮ǰһһЩ֤ʶˣ㡣
ＸˣǷԵǷɻ顢ǷŮ⡣
ЩƼ򵥣ֻ֣ͨԼ㣬һԣʮˡ
Щ˶ǶԼεˣԲܴںǰԺãҪǻÿζ׼ǲҲţľ˷·ͨ
һˣҳꡭ
󣬵ѻ飬ĸֵܣһӣŮСŮûг
ˣĵͷ
³һ뿪һٿǡ
δ飬ĸ
һ磬ͣ˽ĺԺֱȥ
һʮˣЩƣˣȴֶ΢죬٣㶣棿
ˣһ˱ߣ¶һĨοЦݣлЩ˷ܡ
Ϊ̫࣬һʼΪĵأ׹󣬾ˡ
ʶǰв֮ˣˡ
Ϊ˾
ǻ幫ĵȻǻ壡
ֻǺܿ죬뵽ϺͳĻԼüͷ̾ϢԼøǵùĺͿ£һȥͤ£˵㣬ֻǣô࣬Ϊ˽ϵĻԼɣ
Цҡͷɲֹأ棬Ӧ֪Ϊ˲˾ɺףֲøұڣѡңҵ״ˣңȻܵǻɻӾôǵǻ˵һܻ𣿡
⣬Ҳ֪иܵܣµ뷨
ֻҪ˾ҵ˵ǻ˭⣬ܵҪҪæڻԼ
գۣҿֻҪϡ
ôϵ
˵Լļƻ
Ȼ˵һ룬ϢһӱˣȻʧʣ˵Ŀģ
ŭĿԲɣ·ʲôµ飬Щˡ
ȻģΣûһ⣬¹شûзԸһеΣ
˻һԼ侲֣ص졭ȥţҶл


202  202 
ڶ緹, ٴα½ƽԶͻػʹʱ֮ǰֹ̬ȵһЩҲ̲סˡ
ǹб°
, Ҫ֪ǰĶǷǳĴʦ
ǰԸϵҾͿˣǹԲ򵥣һʮСĵܵܣʧȥĸױ£л̫˼ˣĴˣ
ǹ, ֵĻӻܻ˵ӳʱ»һ
˵ܾͦùģҪҲȥһǹ
ԾԾԵԽԽ, ԭմȾϸ׹֮йصĶ, 㲻ҿɶչ, ʲô˾࿴ġ
Ǿܾ, ѧѧЩһֽܽһ·ӣΪ˱ֽȴ޷ıˡ
ʵ, Խ֮͡
͹ˡ
ҲķΧһձһء
챻ʦ鼫õ˾Աıĺһ߽ϱüͷ˾, Сһ£Ǻ֡
˾üһɷ֮ɫ, ƫƫ֮ⷳɫ, ֶ˵Ľ, ôһӡ
ʮˣʮʱ򣬶Ѿֵֿˣ
˭һĽ㣬Լûأ
˾ǼһǳЦĻʵܣѧ˰ɣȻȥϢš
š˾ԵͷܻͣԼӡ
ѱãһڣһһ£ȴۡ
˾ŴʪȵĿɫ̫ãܿ층С׺Լ˾˵ˣǽݣùº˾һʱ俪ڣҾá֮ǰļƻĴˣ
˻һ˷׷׳ĬԶԡ
ǲɵӣ￴ԼΪƿصˣʵһ塣
ԽǵвͶһ㣬ѹͷϣƲ
׺͸дڹ⣬ֱ׵ĸܵЩ󳼶̬ȱ仯׼ңʵѾʼ׺ʩѹ˾Ǹҽ⡣
Ѿˣᵱʲô¶ûģ
˾ɫŤһּĻָ
ôΪܶչĴֺϫ˺֣˾Ѷ֮ˡ
ǳ
ڱ˳𣬿ĵƣǶ꣡
뵽ոյõϢεȥˣһһ£ᱻȡ
һЩڣΪҪΪ˾ȥ
бѡ񰡣
䣬һ̫ոǵ˿ǹͳʮ
ɫٴѿȥ뷢Ƿˣ˾б£öΪƣƣǽһĳӣøӴһ磬һ£ĿԸģ
Ǽˣǲùˣ
˾Ϊλ׼ôá
Žô죬ʱһϸϸСС𣺡Ҫȥɡ
˱ſȥע⵽ǵŵԴһſµᡣ
ʲôʱһֱŵ˾ɣ¶۵ɫ
˾һ˿ģֻѾη˾ҸϣҪȻ|˵˭ȥԣͲûȥ
ڣĬš
к׺ȴûô˼ɣ˶ϲ˾ɣöԷί׺֮ǰ±һ³һֱţ
ͬԣ
˾üͷ壬ûп
˾΢΢̧ͷ¶һĨЦѾôˣǡô죿
׺а취
żĿ˵
˾Ҳ˸ڴ·ϣ׺ϡ
׺ɫԽ̫ãΪķǣкɣ뿪սҲٹ˾ͶҲΨѹƵס
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ʵǱʵȻʵûãҲͳǸңͻס
һ֣бƴˣȽ£Ҫֱ췴ˣ
˵кͶһȨ֪ıҪ̫ˣǶӲᵳӪ˽ϣͱȲ
ͷĸҲ׺͵ֿ˾ѵ˵ܴɱһΣеڶΣȽ˾β¶ֶȻð˵㣬ɳɹļҲܴ󣡡
˾أûпӵֱ¶ľܣ֣˵ɣһ˾ҵƷ˾ҵˣ
ȴ˼󣬻ͷһԣ
˾ɽյɿһĨЦݣá
*
ǰһα仯ˡ
Һ׼ҾȻ£
ᶨرʵͶĶóʮֲƽ
˾㿴ųϼһ浹ľƣһֱӰճɵڶ쵱ʩѹǺǰȥ
ΪʲôҲԼ
Ҫ֪ĸĽ㣡
׺͸˶ǸԼ϶ļ̳ˣ²δ͵ǰǵľٶѾ㹻ģھȨƵ¡
ľ£һǷ񻻸ˣǹ㣬͵˷ѣԱ񶨣Ҳв֧֣չ̫С
˾ԴʮνὫԼΪһŮ˺ܿ첻֮

ԼѾ£ڣĸ£ͻӭס
һֱõ˾ԣҲ˷֪ԼҽҪ͵һܹһĺţ㣬ܰɣ
ûЦŵܵܵСԴûµģǲġ
˾ԺܵģɴСǱģƶ᲻κλɣֹԹԻȥˣֻԽ̿䡣
ʱ̫ǧҲˡ
Ϊһ̫˾㱻ѹƵ̫ҵ£ǧٰúʢ䣬ƷϹԱЯ޾ǰμӡ
׼ʮ죬ʽʼ
ΪͷʢĹȻҲϯ
һٰ֣ͬĵطҲһʮֿĵط˾ΪһڻŮڵһ͸˾ϡ
һΧһȺӡ
ٹһ˵ڽٹ̣˵ƺóȥǰͰĽȴı䣬ʱ˲赹ˮģ˵ȤĶС
׺ɫԽȻۿЩˣ޲ýһ߳ȥ
̫磬ܶ
ҲԽڡ
˾ȴĳϣЩɶۻս
һоҪ
Ȼһġס
ʶΪǺԼֻģ́ۿȥȴ˾˴ӵ
һĹװ޴ãԽҫۣҲһοʱһɫŮغϡ
乬ʱƺһֱǳЦȴûȨƵ
˾ЩĽ
ǰ֪ĵǺģ֪ˡ
׺Ϊһ£ǰοù£Щӣɷǲġ
˾ǿһЦṫӸˣصԼλϣ̲סڸߴ¿
ڿϯǰһӳ֣һϣۼĴ󳼿ոպԼ̸ͬţȲӭӹǹ
˾һָˣ׺㿴ǲǱ飿ҼǵǱߵ˰
֮ǰȥ˵Ķӵı鹧ǹ֮ǰСԺǶӣûҹѹˣ
׺ۣ۾һʹƵСˣ鶼ȥ
˾ҪοôţһּշⲻĻڶ˾ҾһǸм˵Ҫһ£Դﳼа󣬳⾫һùһ죬Ҳûϳʱò˯ˣͷŨˣ
һ٣滹֮ˣҲΪȥˣ

ƽʱ˱ȥͺٳһʲô֮ĵطҲȥǣԼǵļҾ׼
ڼһæĴչ˵ҪķҲùϵ
Ͼ˭֪Ժ󻹻᲻£
бµٰܰһһ
ΧһЩæȴǷǳҵһһش
˾Ժ׺˶ĬУĬƿĿ⣬Ըٿ
ûʲôΪŪĹˣҡһԼڣѹͷû̧ͷѿˣ
ʱҲע⵽ˣһڹСΧѹô죿Ҹոշµ̫̫ˣҪϷѣҪֹˣ
˾ɺ׺
׺ճ飬ʲôүأٶ󳼣ûү׿ϣǲҵģ
ȻԶһȻ
Դ˾ΧЩڵĵط˾ɱ뿴ֻǻȻŤͷ˳ȥͼһȺſӿȥ
ڴһͷȴʮ볡ˬʵЦݷı鲼ᣬ̫̫ǳô󳼣ûһţ׷
Ҳǵһ̣˾ɡ׺Լ˵еĽҺƶĭ
˾ûвˣȴҲע⵽ˣͬĿһ۰ãҡҡͷ
һעݵ˾ɣҲڿһ˲䣬ŤգſǻŵȻѻ涼ˣ


203  203 
˾ɵʧ̬ע, ˵Ŀⶼſк׺
ݵĻȻ, һԼкĶ£
ôˣǶϯĳ𣿡
ˣû
ûУզ°ôˣʹ
ԴӶȨӣٳǰǰ̫Ҳû磬ɴδϯģ
ţֻһЩϳк, ֱ򱻴ӵŵǹǰ
ԭǹӰ
Ҿ˵ɣ֮ǰȥǹ
ǹ˵ó֪ܲܿˮ, ûʲô, Ҳլӷˮƺôá
˾˱ѿɫ, Խڳ
ֻǽ˵ͱ, Ҳ֮ǣ˾˵ʲô
Ҳû£ΪǾã, һһ¡
˾ɵһֱţ¶ͷҪһ, ̬ʮǿƣʵȫ
Ǻкĺܺ, ռĿǰ֮ϴ, ݲʲô
ǵȵ, Щݵˣŷ֣ԭֻбʵһģ
ֻҪ˾ĳ˾ɣһ˳ΨһֻʹһɣҲΌ¡
һнԿе̬ˡ
ῪʼǰҲ١
һɱ˺ܾã͸¶ż˫۾һҡ׼ҵĿ绢ɫҲ
󣬷ֶҲڣ˼ϢȻĺͶԷк
ָߣʼҽǣУҲö˿࣬ԼպȡӰ졣
֮ö֮Ķ׼Һ͸Ҵк
Ҽɫ䵭ñʵ˿
Ҳ˾ɵ˷ңʹײӦ˾ǵĺȻҲˡ
󣬽˾̫Ὺʼ
ʱѾˣ׺˾ɻ˾Ͷ
ʱ顣
ģŪ˶ĲɣҲΧ˶෬ע
ע⵽Ǳֵ˾̾ϢһΪӱĸΪѹţڿ˾ɿܻᱻ̨ȻһоûУһɡ
֣ÿһ죬尾
ں飬֪Լôڴһ죬ֻǡԲס˾ˡ
˾ɺ׺˲ܡ
˾ɣ˰һһüͬʱҲǿƲסĹע̧֣ȿˮǾͻ²ǲҪɤӣʼ˵ˣ
һֱǣǣ˾ȫ
ֱ롣

ˣ˾ĵ˵ֽѸٱֻԼ
Ϊ׺һҲֻСûб˸
쳣߹ע⵽Сĵʽ㣬ô
˾ûֻŶ
Ҫ˵ˣæʲô̬ȣ
*
ȷʵлҪ˵
ҲĶˢˢһȫĿתĿ׷ײ²Ҫʲô
˾պһ˵껰תͷһԹŮ΢΢üǣк£
룬ʣĸлĸĸҹҹǰΪҽʾһºбˮǺӵˮûյľǰ֪Ԥ븸ʡĸǺһİǨӣ
˾סҿ࿨ǡ
⣿
Ϊ£
ͷ֣ͬʱһ˿ЦǺӵˮȻô꣬Ҳδûվĵز
²Ǳ˴ùˣ֪ߵغ˵
һʱ鲢δ˵ǰ㣬٣
˾̫ɫҲⲻ塣
⻰СӵЦǺӵˮǵҪһƬصİնǨӣ
ȨȨУ˾ҲǸûʵۣⲢ㣬Ҫ⼸ԽĳԸⲦݣ
ǣ˾̫һۺ󣬹ϿڣԺ飬ĸǧ磡
Ϊǻĸǧ磬ҿԤҪİ࣬쳹ף룬ػĸҲ뿴ձˮʧ
̫һ򲻹£ôһñӿҲӦ£ֻҲ鳯㸸ȥ
˾˺ڣĿ
һʲôԤҪشľߣɲɣ
ǲ
вǹ˾£˾壬ԽԽãֻҪǣԸݡ
μĴ󳼷׷Դùݵ˳ûпûеùݵˣȴҲкܶࡣ
ʵۺ̫󶼷ԣĬһʷվƣǺôʮ챩Ҳһ״һ䣬֪Ҫʲô
һҲվЩ껤ǺΧҲûжٰգʵص֪ҪﵽʲôĵزҪеаȫǨƣ
Ƿùɫ鿴ۣվλ԰꣬ǹô˵ɺã
λȿڵĴһҲӵȥ
ˣҲǸԼ˵Ŀյ˵֪ƾҵһϯ޷ֻʱ仹磬촹һµʱԾȣҲ͵޷ṩʵ˵Ϊ˱˵ģԸ¾״
˵鲢δ֣Ը죡
*
״
һ˾ȫɫ
Ļɫ֣ء
ǰǹѧΪһ۷ԣԤ˰ɣ
΢΢һЦԣҲȷϺĽʱغ˲ƺһвδΪʹߣȻҪеΡ
˾Ҳ׶Դˣûп
ոշüҵɫסЩڨڨ
˼ˣ顣
Ҫ淢ˣһк˵ǻʵȴûʲô籩꣬»ǺӵˮλǣûأǹеΣΪʵۣҲʹʧġ
ʱͼı˼ɶࡣ
ʱҲ뵽ˣǱ˵жɫ£ǹһΪԸ״ԱģΪ¿У
˾ɫһ࣬ŴĬ
ة࿴õԷ϶ĵͷ󣬴λϳ£ǹһϼΪ飬¹ش󣬲ɵΪϷϳΪ£
˾һҪƮƮ;شʱһԵĶҲǰ
£ϳǹԣϳѾӻϳд󣬾Ϊ|½
˻һ
Ҳ˵ˣ
ǰΪ£
ˣǻʲôŵɣЩˣ˶һۣ׷
¡
£
顢顢˾ҵӵܶվ˳
ԭյֻĵطվ󳼣ȫ
ȻվҲû£Ϊͬ⣬»ҲͶˣ˵ķԣ˾㣬޼¡
˾ɵһοţסˣоԼСһֻϡ
ӳں󹬣ʱѾϰ˸Ůһ裬Ů֮ǸŮ֮顣
ٳһ㣬ӴŮˣһףѿһ㣬δŮڳðٹǰȸһľ
ƫƫŮӡ
˾ҧŴʹһ㣬ɫȴǻҰܵġ


204  204 
ʩѹڶ, һһ㹻ѹƣ˵Ҫվǡ
һ浹
˾ˡ
ʲôΪһʵ, ûȨ, ʼʵҲеģʸµĸ󳼲ֹһ, ΪסƵƵ壬ЩҲ뿪ˡ
Ե, Ҳ޷ЩʵȨĻʵһܹһ仰óη嵽ٷ㡣
ղݲݽ
Ϊʵ۱ּ, 鲻á
Ƕ, Ȼ˻û, ʥּˣվͿԿ
ǵڶ죬Сﶼ˸ʾǹ̫ǧϵԤ֪һºĺˮֺ, ͢Ȩ, Ǻܱ߾Ǩӡ
Ƿ׷Ϊ߾
ŵ˲࣬Ҳ, Ϊǰ乬˸Ĺ, Ҳġ
ֻǨ漰̫ˣ࣬һ, ˶Ҷ, ԼҵĸδŨ, ʱټҰǨʹ͢вҲѽܡ
ʼһŻǺӵľ񣬷Ҳصġ
û죬һƬ
˾㱻ּ⣬ɳĳֵģµʥּڲԼ˵ĶҲˣ߶Ƕȥġ
˵˾Ϊûʵӣҥ¡
Ҳ˵Ϊ˲ȥҲǱԸʯ٣
˵
˵һҲ֪֪ôԼûһôԭֻĽӵԤ
ϵĳͳ乬ľŵĳ̶ּˡ
ֻһ㡪
˭ܱ֤ԤһͨξǼʵ£
ˣҲʳˣϻ󣬺αأֺãܹ֤һº󣬻ή꣬»Ǻӵˮλûգ
ûܱ֤׺
˾ֻһЩͨˣûͬǱӵк绽Ҳڴһʼݷ
еͷҪˣ
˾ɫӵҡͷܣΪԼ룬ҲΪĻʵ롣
ͣЦѲ㻹˰
˾û˵
źͲţʲô
Ľ˾֣ɵõǶԷȫûԼһʼ乬÷·Ԥϣ̫ԸѧϰأɢżںԼⷽôģֻҪ̹͹ˡ
ȵۻˣֱӶϸˡ
ʱŲû壬ֻһºĽ
ˣٲԼܹŵˡ
ˣҲԼһ·ˡ
˾ͷģõԤԺ㲻Ҵ
*
һ£˶üΪһ¡
ѮѮʮʱ䣬עµÿ˶ţϽһ죬𰸵Ķʱ
ǰʮ죬ǻǺӸľҵӡ
ٲԸӴ½ʿվǣһ۷ɨȥͨҲ᣿
ΨһǰοǰҺ󣬸øضˣһЩӶǹٸæ졣
͢˴ѵʱ;ԼǮƣһ췿ӣһ߶˰ңڻǺܱˮûһȴ£ʧǺܴġ
ææµµҪ΢һ㣬ǷΧһ㲻ɡ
ڴŶԼ󳼸˾˸ӣ˾Ȼˣڶʥּȥž˳һ٣Ȼ㣬ٳ
Ҫô˿ţ޲ýŮ¹ػ乬
֮ǰǴŲͦõ𣿽һʹ鷳ҵꡢ׼ͶԽ˳
ĳͷһֻ˲٣֮ǰܾ˲ٹһ֮Ķ˲ˡ
ѾͷĵĺüûԺ÷Ҫûô찡Ҫʰܰɣ
ģҲ¡
üͷȫ֪ĵǿǶʮδҲ˵׼ģ
Ҳ֪š
ô
ֻǡ
Ѯӭı꣬ʵǾ﷢¡
ʱѾԭڻʧܱʱ
ⳡ÷ǳͻȻûһףҶΪһ¹˾ɢˣ˭֪˺þãµִּ
ʼⲻǱģʳס
´ûа취ȥϼׯڻˣֻܿٺʳԹˣǶűѳǺӵˮͿʼˡ
ԽԽߣܵģֱӱˮ
£Ҳó͢𶯣ӺӶɳȥǲͬģǰֻҪھǣ񣬺ȴİ£ǰȥӪЩİգԼͨӵ
Զ׼Ҫûӡ
ȴֶκһζѹ˾ķߺޣֱӶҽӸɱˣȴŻˡ
ӵһشټϴǰɱ£ųײںѳűȨţߣԼٳӵ꣬ѷˡ
ʧȥȨ൱ڳʧȥϣĲ±߹غͳսԼɱˡ
һʼѾʱͽһڵؼ
޷ԹۣԼҲʱ㵽ˣԲ˳Ū
Ϊ֪˾㲻ͬ⣬ǻʵۣУûҪðտԼСֻܸġ
֮һĿܣġû٣ǰӪô飬Ҳõʱˡ
*
ŵʱʼеˮֶˣճ
ȵļڣʱʪȣÿ춼оʪյģ乵ģʹű鶼Щ޼¡
󹬵ķΧҲԽš
˾㷢ƢĴԽԽ࣬ö๬ˡ
˾Ǳ߰
׻ţ˾ӻҪǺܶࡣ
ڶʮ죬Ա׵˵İȫ⣬Ѳ飬ȷһжû⡣
ٵڶʮ죬񳹵ڰȫʼ֤ܳһʱʳǳġ
ڶʮ죬˿ʼżµǲģ
ϣ¡¡һըڿը죬඼һоѣ󡰻¡
٣
֪һԤİǿŲʱ׵Ű⣬׷׵һŷŵ˶ܵԼҹߵݡ
һ󣬱꼸ͣġ
żϢҲһٷĹˡ
ʹҲûֱ϶ġ
һ¸ͣأ
ֻǵȰȣŻǺӵˮˮǲͣһĴ
Ǻӵˮû޷ߵׯںסյʱѾ˰ˡ
ڻɵķΧ
һʥּȴĵԣּǹԤǰ֪ⳡֺ츣գǳʹͻƽ
ʱ˲ŷӦŶ
ҪǹΪעҪⳡˮľ⧲ˣ
Ƕ㶼֪ȥĶ㡣
һ˶޷ڻ㣬ˮϣһۣûǰƾǲˣ
һʥּˡ
Ҫǻ꣬ӶҪ̤ˡ
ôã껹ǱʼʱСܶˣʱһһ㣬Ӻӷֱɳȥˮ
ʹǰⳡ껹òƶ˼Ҷ޷棬һЩƵ͵ĵطҲסŲˣС
͢¶æµæµĻӡ
һæѹһæĴѹ
һ٣ҲûôΣֶͬκԹ±ˣδֱֻǱŵһٻؾӸ
һľ˲ٹԱĿޡ
ڣѮͣˡ
͢ͳʧʼ۹ʱڳ֮ϣظߺ˴ܽΪԲĶɹСʧİգۣһжǹԸĻΣѾӹɣּǹΪʦҽ̫ƽ
˾۾һɣûϵȻǳţǵʦ
Դ̫ǧϵº͸ⲻϲŮϻкͳĻԼɵʦ
ĬϢʮǻΪۡһ˸бµŮɺĵҧѵҪ˲Ź͸

Ǽһ£ӦǹԼûظߺ·ǹΪʦ
ΪһʦҪǹǾ͵ŰɣʦôԶޣ
˾㣺


205  205 
˾㲻Ը, ɶ˵ĺеȺ|Ըʥּ
ĸӲϳ, ʥּ, ֱӾ뿪ˣҵһȨ, ûֶӣͱȥ
ʥּˡ
ʥּһ£ԼԶΪŮҲǳ, ԴҪô飬Ҫôѡ
³, ʦʥּѾһ㴫ȥ, ֪, 䣬ǻ첻ѡ
ǷⳤʥּĽ˾̲סʡ
ʦʥּʱȴѻȸ
ԵûС
Ҫ̫ˡ
ð߲Ըߵ̬ͨȶ, ˾˵ǹͨ顢ǱܹˮĴѵ顣
һȵﶥ塣
ʱΪʦ, ƺӦ
һа󣬾ǲʦĴ䡣
Ҳйʦ, ˵λҲʵϵ, Ϊʦ󣬼ٳһ㶼ǻʵд²ȥ, һʦյ, ˶ʦ, ˺û˭ܱΪʦ
εĹʦ⣬Ҳѭ
ڳ֮ϣɻʵʦĹٷ֮󣬽ܰٹٳݡ
ʦһйְ֮⣬ʵҲ˵Ļء
һְֻ֮Ѿǰ֤Լ£ģǻݣΪʦҲûʲô˵ġ
ܲԼ岻ã
ʦеĹʦûݣʱסˣҪһʱ䡣
ܷ󣬻סڳ
ӳɣ˲ǰϲģҲелġġ
ǰߣݵĽӴͿͣ߻ǾְĽ
һλԱҾ죬Ҫɿͼһվſڣ˾һӣЦ߹ãϲ㣬ǻϣϲ
Ӵ򿪣һ׾µƯ档
Ц˵ۻϲΣҪ˴󹦣ʹ͸ңȻ
ϵЦתΪף֣ôصĶ˰ɡ
̫ܵˣҲ񣬲֪˫̬ȣֻϵģδǰһ۾ͿҪ£
˾ֱӽȥʲô㻹ҪģֶŪ
Ҫ˵
ĺֱȵͬϴչֵǰܾܾ
ȥˣָ֣֣Ҿδãأ
˾ɫ
ΪһӣλĻӣʹʧȥʸǡ
˾һ֪˾ô׾ͱ£û뵽β
һʮСƨھͽϣϣδ̫ˣ
Ҳˣ˺ӣÿĳԶǾ仰Сס
δ˵꣬Ȼ⧲Ķһʹǰ˵ǲϲ֮ǰֱ̧
Ҫ߳Ƶġ
˾ƺһˣײһԵϣɫ¶ִ㵣㾹ҡ
ȴûͣӭǰ̧־ǡž|ž|žü¹ԼĻ|ģǰ˵ҲøԳƣӡ档
ˣ˵ҲĻһ˵
˾һͣľս
ΪİƣÿҪľˣʹ⣬ľ𾪵Ŀǰˣһ̬ȣȴһƣȫˣ
һϴαÿͱʱĿ־塣
һֱӿͷҪʱͷûӣԼҲûᣬѾֱӶԴ˰ɣ
˾ҧأɫ˱䣬Ҳٶ˵Ǳת뿪
һЦʮֻǴ⡣
֮ǰȷʵûȫܲ͸ı˾ԡ
ʱ乬ûиԵʱ˾˵ǿΪ˾ԱвҲ˾˼ɣҶ֣ڷҰˣ˼ɣҲö֣Ȼ˾Գɳ֣һ㲻
ϧѾûˡ
ȥ˾Խӵˡ
ΪʦӵĹûеȨ˾ԺһĸͬҪԽȻ˾ϣҲûзʮּҡ
ΪĴѡڶӺ֮䣬ƫӣĻӻǸӣȷ̫ˣֵͶʣȻĳЩҲ޹ؽҪ
*
ʮ·ݣɹסʦ˾ԡ
ʦֻܴܿ˹Ҳ࣬˾ڣһ֮ǰ乬
˺ܶ˾ٴ¶Цݡ
ȥӼϿˣ
ûҵˣ
˭֪û죬Ըڿγ⡣
˾ٴˣӼ࣬뻹ͬѧԻ
һ߽ŵܵܣһҲڳеΪʦΣΪ˽һЩ֢ͨǳ£֮⣬һǳҪ¡ͳⳡսܴܲ
һҪʦһ𰸡
ǼףǾʹףǾֱӻ󣬷ٹϵǸ
һ֣˾ֱ˯žˣһϣڶһ˫۾ȥίί׺϶ˣܷŹҵģ
ȻöԷûԼֶܸ㶨û벻Լ
ǵԼ|Ļӣ
׺СĵĽ˱뻳Уһ˫Ȧţ·ԴĴޣҲֻˣԲûá
˵䣬ʹƨ|ϵ˿ڣ۵ɫһŤͷ亹ֱðȴûйܣֻĶԼΪԹޡ
̫ǿԳ׼ҵƤҲʲôΪ£׼ѾŷǳϸҪһٹ׽ֻߵֱӼҷź
ϵ˿ڣǰܹҷԭ
׼Ҹĸ֪͸Լ˾˾ɵºֱӽڼһ٣ҪģҲǳġ
أ˾ɿ޵øˡ
ÿһζΪıߵˣһβˣ
۰ͰͿ򸵳У
ҲȻıĿ⣬ε˵ˣڣ͸ҳţ
˾ɣ
ȣ׺ϣѪҺ·ڵȴС
һ۵˾üͷĲ룬Ҳûаο˾һ䡣
ֻ˶˾ɼһͷѹûע⵽
ʱһֱϢ̫ܽˣʦ˵ԴǼף
˾ɵˣ
ôҲţȻĽ
˵Դ򣿣
ѵ³еΣֻҪ˾ȥһоͿԽģ
ôģϢ˾˵ǾԵϲѶϲ죬ءˣ
˭һ죬ΪܳĹΪһǰʮ궼乬Ϊ֪Ĺһ仰䵽ز
׺ҲοжҲûôݣ
Ҳ˿ЦǰԲסȴǰӣ
Ψ˾üͷ壬αԷţӰ޷ôģֱӷŹ˾ɣ
δ䣬С̫λˣʵʦ˻л˵ǰ׺״Ϊ
˸жɫʱסˢˢ׺
׺Ҳ⣬׼Ҿңɶûд̣ԼҲֻμӹһЩС͵ս£û뵽ᱻʦ
*
죬׺ʦݷˡ
˻ô̺ܿ££ܹ˾Ը̡
Ǹлᣬ˳㡭͡
˫жԵ״ڵѸٳɳԼɼʱ׺ѾƣӦԣЩ־壬ҵһ͵Ļᣬ͹ˡ
ֱ˺԰֣صĵлеĳһ£һ޷ܵ˵ˣҿܲ𡣡
׺Եʦػ㣬ǰӣٹܵ𡣡
ЦҲˣֻҪȫӮⳡսǶõлˣ
׺ͷ΢֪룬Ŀǰǿĳսʵûʮֵİգ⻰ЩɣҪǡˡ
˸ֶȻǰֱţȻɱ⡣
׺ɫ΢䣬ܰνֿ

׺ֱ۷飡
⣬Ĺ˿
˺ö֮ģҲɫ֮ԿƫƫԷ·֪ǰƽ⣬غ첲һʹٴλĽѾϡ
˻׺ΪľҶǽĲӡ
ǰȴ࣬ʵˣĵⳡսҪˣҲ˾ˡ
׺΢΢ˣǰֻһͨĹų֮ǰȽǹʦͬʵǿ붼ˣԼ
֪ηԲŸһδơ
ڶԷǣͬΪõ˾ɣҲ֣
һ̧Ҿ˫ʦģĳģ
Ϊ˾ɣӮ
ջسչһЦͬʱֿѹɲǵĴ̣˲䣬ЩҲ͵ϣ˾ɲܻţ𣿡
׺סҪɼɵ˾ɵİȫûпڡ
˾ҲǶֵܣһֱȷĿľǸΪһξ
ɹʦ˼ǡ
׺߳ʦʱΪľᣬ㱣ûע̨ףֱˤ
Цһ£תȥ
ԭһһֱ˾ɺ׺˵һˡ
ȻҲʱǵһˣΪ̣ΪõһȨȵ֮ʱ


206  206 
ͻȻȡǹͳ, ǹΪʦǱҲѸٽӵϢ
ԭ׼ӭ׶飬ɴ಻ˡ
ֱӱɳĶ顣
սһ
ʵ۰չʦ, ׺ΪΪ˱, ׺׵Ԫ˧ֿС
ΨһԸֱȨ, Ը, Ҫάƽó֮ǰдɱԼ֤, ֤սһ, ܿܺ͵йᣬû׼ս, ó̤
ֻΪʦ, ⳡսԴɽ֧, ةȰٹٸ, һֲ, һֳ, ѾЩѹס
ʱѹ߹Ѿȵż
ս½Ƕ٣ھЩ, һʱ߼, ܵ˹ǰȨ
յķȾлҪ, ϾĹʦ˶˵ԴȴΪһ֮˽ѣ±߹Խ
ʱֱΧסõ׺
õҪЩʿһ⣬ֻ⣬Ϊѵֻ׼ˡ
֣ӦսĺŽ𣬸ֱӾӵã⸵֪
ʱպõʱ򣬸Ҵ˾ճޣ|Ը֮ϣʵȻҲ˵ʲô˵Һ׼֮ǰЩƫ£Ѿ㹻˵ǻǻʵߵġ
ǱߵĴ󳼷Ҳ޼
ʱٷǺԣ˰ģˣ˵Ըʩѹˡ
һΣɹ
׺˳ŴʳԼʮʿ뿪
һߣһꡣ
ڶľ£״򵽳͵Ϣϲ
ʮѮ׺ʦس
˾ѹƶ꣬һ⣬ʮڻ죬ֱӴٹǰȥӭӣΪʦҲǵһſսˣȻҲС
ʱδһ֣ٹ񣺡ʦˣ
ϵװѾ͹ʱĲͬ䳤ȹŵɫףͷŰɫƣױݸȴ˿Եչѵһ˾ޡ
΢΢ףٹٱةԼλóһ
վȥ
߸պ˾㣬һ߾Ϊܳӡ
˾谮ĻһӣֻǴǰƴòԶҲɫ
һʧȥ˱Ȩת£һȨ볯ãѾѹסŵ˾ԶȻôա
뵽⣬˾ЩԹ塣
Ϊεӽ볯ðæƫƫѹôⷬΪ
ǼʹȨҲΰѿţԸֱӽԼ
廹ڱף˾㻹緢ģƳ̬ͣתͷͶ˾˵׺ֵܣһս÷ǳãʲôҪģ
˾⾯
ԴǴҰĺ˾Աʦţһֱ˻ô
׺õȨһû뵽ģѵΪȨ׺ύȥɣ
ֻҪõȨиʵĳ谮Ϊʴָտɴ˾꣬վˡ
һδ̣͸һֱź󷽣þ˵֤㣬ڵջʱӭһǿĺܣʱ˾ȴò
У˾ʻ˾ЦȻһԵˡ
ָʾ˾㿴˾ɡ
һ׺ʤ˾Ҳ˾Լ˾۰ĺӣ˾ͬˡ
˾ʱ˳ŶӵĿ⿴ȥͿڴŮ
˾һ죬˾һۣȴЦЦûз
ԭˣ˾ȻһЦͷ
˾͵͵˿׺ںľ˾ɣֻҪõԼҪģ׺İѱҲЭ
׼Ҳ״õģ϶ὫȨƿУǾԼ
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ܿ죬׺Ϊ׵Ľǰ
ⳡս׺׸ӵķͷѡʹһפȺ͡
õǿʵǰʱ׺ǹһڽǰߵݣĩ׺ݼ¡
ĩ
һߵݽ˾ǰ󹦣ҽ
׺չһЦˣⳡսսʿĹͣĩһʵ΢΢
Ŀ⿴˾󣬻һȦ·ʱɫͣ΢΢һЦ
׺ϽŲֿһߣֵ˾͸еؿԼǰ߻⼷üŪ档
ٺ˾ۺᡣ
ͷһȴֳģ֮ǰʦ˵Ļ
˾ǫǳж˵ﻰǵĹȻУĸ󣬽ʿΪףҪܱ󣬶գһʤޡ
Ҫ˵ͻһ¡
׺ȴ⣬ֱӹڵϣߺ£ⳡսʤĩȷʵйͣɸǹʦˣҪټĩҪѹԵҪ㣬ƶⳡս¿ɴĩܶսϣĩ½Ȩʦƹܣ
ΪԳûõһȨ˾ɫ䡣
˾ֱӵɴ۾𾪵ĹڵϵֵܣʲôʱͶ
˾ɸǽߵȴͻɫĽϣ޷ţ׺ôľ
ⲻǱ磿
Ҳ㵣û뵽׺ѡ
дͬ𶯣Ե˻ûü˵Լةǰһͬʦ֮⣬ǱŮ㣬ƿأʲˣ
һЩҪԵˣʱһСֲ˵ˡ
ʣµĸҵģҲֻɹʦϾŮӣƹܱ
Ҫǹʦ̫ˣҲҹðƶ
ةЦΪʦŮӣԴΪܲʵİ
˰ܣһǰһսȴڡ
ɫһս֤ʦ㣿սʦضΪҳѡʵĽʱ
ˣ
ǰ֣ȵ۽һֱɱܣôҪʦˣ
ʱųү㱾ܣҲԸ°ǶԸˣ
ɨ
Цӣֺá
Ҳóд󳼷Ӧ׺ˣȨ϶ᱣϣڻʵϣǸãԽã´ҪͳѣǿԣѾһıȨ
Ψйʦʣ
̫޺ˣ
ͨһ㣬Щǰ£ΪԽʦܣ
˾ŹһصĴ󳼣һ䣬û˵Ҫǻʵ۰
˾˰죬ɫѿ˼£һһ䣬ʲôʱ͸һˣ
֪⼸ѡѡ˾ѿڣλˣʦҲҲף׽ʵѡ߽ʱܡ
˾οĺӣֻԼģҪͷ׺Ѿһ֪ʲұܱȨ
˾㾪ϲá
ȻһλûڣӵɱΪգ罻ʦΪʵѡλģ
õʾѷĴߺ½ʦ˱ܣ
Ⱥֱ˾ߵĻ»ȥˣȻôʵۣ
أܻĵŭ˾оһͷۻȶվȣ̫ס
ͷۻ˾Ŀɨһڳб߽ӣҪǿӲľܾ飬һǳоصĴ󳼣ңֻһУҧãڰԣʦܣ
ʱʩʩȻǰӹ񣺡С
Ǹʤߵ̬˾ǰһڣзţԼֱۣʹѣڿһʱʧ̬
˾Ѿȥ˦뿪
æϣ̧ͷö˾Լ΢΢һЦ˻еı
˾Ѫɫʧ


207  207 
, λҲٴ
λλӳ֣˸ҵ
ʧȥȨ¶һ˿Ц, ˾һȻ뿪
ϵֻ֣ǻǲ, һˡ
ҪǸСӴɱ壬ô᳹ײս, Ҫˣ
ٹҲ, ʵ˾뿪
񱣻ʵõȫʹȻС, Ҳὦˮ, ԭͶ˳Ӷˣܵʵǰ, ﻹ׷
һʤ̣ķ, սϳε׺ʲôûõӭĻİ֮ʧĿ, պֵɫ
׺Ц, һĽʿǸ, һ˳ȥ, ظҡ
׺Ȼص׼ҡ
ֵúܴ׼ҲܿõϢ׺һţӭӵľ·ŭĺ磡ˣȻǸˣ
˼ɵ˾, ², ֹ, ʮԹ
˺飬ϴһһڴٹǰ澡ʧ֮ǰ̶Ķ󶼶ʧȥ飬˾Ϊʦ˾ֱˡ
˹ʦ׼С㣬ɾͲһˡ
¸Ǻ޵òС
ͶԷһֱһλȼϣҲʲô
û뵽תͷԼݵֳͽҪĶ͸ˣܲޣ
õʣ׺ͷûƿ
¸ˡ
׺ĸ˵ʱΪ˱ǽжҲˡ
ĸɫ̫ãüͷ佫ĸϾԵʮǿ򵥵Ĳþ׺оѹܴȿڣ
ĸΪνȥ
֣׼ҵλҲͬˣڻȨԼ˱ҲĹʵۼɵ֮졣
ʱ׼ȫԼ
ƫƫһ͸ôһϲ
׺ʦٹвģ
˵Ҫ˾ɳ֣ʵôģΪ˾߱һ˾ģһ־˾ͽȥģúܺãҪֶѡ
˵ǹʦͲһˡ
ֻҪһ죬˾ɾַܸʽ˵ʱǰ䣬ɱôԣǰ㲻Ҷġ
˵ĸ䣬žһİ
ĸƣһٹ㲻˼壬׺ôѧˣ
ջ|ۣ׺|꣬ûп
֪ԼĲԣ˾ԸȥӮˣ׼˱ôtо˾˱ȴ
ĸβɫˣɴȥùţ
ǡ׺Ӧת뿪
͵¿ֳҪʣͿͨİӡߵĻȥ۾죬ɿֲֳ˼ˡ
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׼ң˵Ļкܶˡ
ǶСһ𳤴ĺֵܸ˾
Ǵδһ죬׺ͶԼң
Ҫ֪׺֮ǰһ˼Ϊı˾ɽģ
˾͸Լ˾˻ص
һ·նܳĬ˾ɲ˵в֪˵ʲô˾ԼһЦС
ӣ˵ȨˣϷʼˣ
עϵжҪˣ
˾һ뵽ܻõֶΣǰһڡ
Զ֪ԼˮУλҲ˱϶ΨһˣΪĿɽĸŮ
Ŭһ··ˣ˳ҰģҲһĳǰ
˾ʮ걻˾úúõأʱѾıѡļұȽϺʣѡĶӣɱҪ佫ѡةĺӣɵиĳйصģϸѡ׺͸˳ΪԼİ
ݹȴʵȨ࣬裬ΪӲС
Ѿ˼ĸǴùϵϲ˾ɣͶ˾ɺãÿһǰռƻġ
ôƫƫôһأ
ʵһӿֲĵˣ
ˣȨҲֻһ룬ƺŶ겻
ڵ˾ĹʦһĹԱη徴أֱţڻõһıȨ
չȥ˾Գɳٲ˵ˡ
˾۾ӱ
˾ɽ𣺡磬Բҡ׺ô롪
ôĲҪˣ˾ûסֱӴĻⲻá
˾ͣ۵ͷ
𱸵Ŀһۣ׺Ĵ
˾򴽣ûм̵ֻЦЦ˾û
Ƕд
ҪǸʼ뷨˾˾ɳޣôὫɱ乬ųˣ
Ҫ˾һֱߣҲȥɱķ󲻵òڽҪͷҵһʵĴƷ
ҪǡԼһû˵ּּϾ·ҲĮ
Ҫǡ
ûˣ˾ܽеԹ˵ΪҪˡ
ŭͷ˼ȴǰδеѾߵһǾ͡һݣ
Ϊ̲ס϶Ǳߣ̵ס
ʧȥȨʧȥȨʧȥ˾صĶô꣬ϰߣ֮ǰ϶Ǳߵá
˾֣޿ȴյ˾ɣһЦɣ粻ãոһʱͷˡ
˾ίĿһۣǵͷţá硣
˾ĸѡĸ֮壬޷һӣѡ˾ô࣬ΪһĲҡ
˸˼ʱһЦ»ָĺг
˾ֿ򸵳Уðˡ
˵˵һ㣡
˵ùã븸̫ӣ˾
ɫ΢䣬鸵ҿɲҲ룬˾֣صɫˡ
ʱ˾üĵ磬̫ΪѸˣ
м˾ɲҧҧãԣ
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һʱ嶯дӦĸײκһ£ȥ·ϣء
ΪĺӣĸȻûйְ򸵼ұңλȻǼлм壬ڳְͲᡣ
ȻûʲôȨ˾һ򲻴жȣϴΪԼ׺ļƻ׽Һ͸ңһֱܡ
Ҫǹĸǰȥ˵ټ˭ó˾㱾˾ɹĿԻеġ
صУеһʱҵĸֵһ֮룡
ҷ޶˶һۣɫ仯ֻǳԼ˼ĸûвһЦ˵ɣһˣʲô֮룿
ĸȰ˵˾
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ž|ž|ž£øܣﻹҷ|ӵķ緶
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վһԱӺȣ㻹УҺ̫ˣӣʴһκ͵ģ
㵽ڻûƣѡ˹ʦѡĻӣʦѾõȫȨֻҪĻƽλÿ϶ˣʱ㻹ӣ֮ǰ׽еһûأȻڣǲӸҸ̫࣬Ҫûջȥ
дס˲÷ǳ۵ٶļëӣŵǶĬˣҲһ£
ҼûʲôʦȻ˻ʴһ£պȻܻ˾ңҲ棬һ֮˽λȻأӺ͹ʦΪ˻λͷѪҸҾͳǶλƷ
Ƥ飬Ĭ
ոմӦǱͷļ¶ͷԣʱĸһ˵һЩңɲޱڵľˣʤĿ̫СˣҲܶģ֮⡣
ֻٹİɡ
ţҼѾˣƣİڰ֣ˣүȥ岻⼸¾ͲҪˣ
л񣬿Ÿĸᶨɫһż֮ǰѾʦˣҪĻ˴ǡҲŹң
Ҹĸɫ΢䣬ʲôˣ
СҴɱ乬ײٹұ١
еԽԽСʧ
ҸĸˣͲ̫õɫֱˣָŭӣ
еͷԣֻø̣һǰʵԼ߸ϣⰲţŶãĸɵˣ


208  208 
ʹٺ, ҸĸǲòΪӴ㣬Լģû˭÷
ڶ, ˾ʹŸǰȥʦҪǸ
, Ҳ˵, ֻ˵ʱв£˾Ϲ, Ҫƽ, ǻǱá
ҡһ˳, Ҫ޸˵£ڲᣬ£ֻҪ˾ɵ˲˵û׼Ҳǲ֪ǸС
ǸǸеĸףȵ۵߸Ůٹ
ٹ˵꣬һڸб, ߴŶӣõǸ
ɫȻŤǰ, ãǱ粻ԣҪ
ЦӦ£˵ﻰּ֣ɲ, ȻΪ¹㡣
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Ǹæ鲻ʱ䡣
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µһ裬ԭ𣿡Ի·򵥣ЩޣȨʱڣҪǹڶ޸ˣ
Ȼ֪Ǹ飬֪ĸһģ񸵳дǸҪԼӼ̣̫˲ˣ
ô᣿õ𣿡
ҡͷ۸˹ĻӣҲˣֻǲǹֵİֻûоǡ
ϵľᣬգۣζ֮ǰ˵˶αڡҲڹﰡ
˵֮ڹȫݸͣ
ԭܵһУ׾ǸУôԭ
ֻǸ˾һٹ͸֣Ҳܸһ谭Ȼֻ˵ûˡ
Ҳ֪ʵδɾ裬氲ȻǱ϶ҲѰֻǴõʱѾˣʱάֱгڻб£һʱ
˿ڣЩζȵ̵ġ
|꣬ʵʲô
䣬տ鿴ˡ˵
ĵͷʮһˣЩ磬֪˾ԸԸȣ
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һȥأ˾˴̽Ҳֻһɡ
ܵ˳Ĭ
ߵʱɻǻġ
ֻǸ𰸣˾˵ҪȥУҲܾˣ˵´Ⱦλ£Ҳܼ磬üˡ
˭
˾˸ŸصһѴһͨ侲
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϶Ǳߵǰæ϶Ұģ±Ĳ룬ƾ϶ĵӿ϶ǲұƹġ
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˳Ʒˡ
ڵһͳ⣬˾˶ˡ
²˳ѵҪЭ˾׸
Ը⣡
ʱ˾ɳ磬Ƿɡ
˾һ˫Ư۾Ƕĵǣƽʱ˾ȻϾ˼ô࣬Ҫ
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۰˾ɣô˽Ӵ
ֻǽʱͬգٲһʲôĺ޵ֿ֮±ǳģΪ¸Щʲô
˾ͨץס˾ɵ֡
˾ɱһɪһ£Щҵ磬ʲô
ɣ㣬һæ𣿣˾ҧ
˾һֲõֱҡͷ޵磬ҰﲻģҲҵģ磬Ƿɣʱˣ뿪ȥأһҲǸ߸ϵģ
ԴǴμõڱȸʺѾ᲻ͶԷ˼
ž޴ѹڵһʱԴٿر˵ԭϣ˾ԵϻʵۣͲη˾ˡ
ҲУǷɣ䣬ֻʱܸһ·
˾ɡ
ѽԼδã׺оֻҪ׼ҿɿڣܼ޹ȥ彡˵ʮɻʵ̫ġ
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ֻǵͷ˾ѲԸ˳̫࣬˳ʹһиˮƯˣҪ׸
˾ûвĿ־壬
˾ԲֻǷĵˣ
˾ɵĿܣͺѵ㣬Ѿû·ˣֽ֪Ϻͳĵز֮ǰ乬ô꣬ûǳûʹ˼ֱӽ˴乬˴ͻʥּƵòǰչ¶ʵһĵزΪô࣬䣬ЦһЦȻŹǣ
˾𶯣ֻǲϣڲ˾Ҳ֪ˣǴ乬ûϢǳֻǲ
ֻѾûеˣ˾עܲµԸ⣬˺磬һ°ɣȥ䣬·
˾û뵽ʱ˾ɻͬ⣬ɫſ
˾ɻΪЭˣٺһˣѸȹӣܡ
ҪԶ
ԺҲˣ
ɾܳʱ˾𣺡øʳ谮ΪᣬǸ֪ʵˡǶﺢӵ£Ҳˣ˵Ǹʲô̬ȣ
˾ɲӲԭأŵĻͷ磡ĸһã㾹Ȼ
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˾ɴܴĿ㾹Ȼģ
˾ɫٴα᣺ɣǲͬģ۰ģ򲻵ѣҲ㣬ֻѾû·ˣҪæ
ֻҪԸңͱ֮飬õʹͼҳɹϻʵۣǽŮˣҵĻʺҲԽ㣡ҲᵱĸТ˳ģ
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ء˾ûס޳
Щ׺Ҳ
ʱȻˣҪôˣҪϲĲöã
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ܶ˲Ը⣬¶ˣ˾ĺҲɡ
֣˾ŵҲʼжˡ
һº͵͵Ķһֱ˾֣֮ҲʼǰߵĶ͵ʦ


209  209 
ʦ
һλǰԵ, ˿ڲ衣
ʹӡеĹʦͬʦ÷ǳæµͨԤԼ·ߣÿջӴʮλ, ѵġ
Ͼٹ˾ô, ÿʮλò, һʼʮУȵʶʦľôƽ׽, ͨҲԸɽ, Ƿ׷ԤԼš
еĹʦְ, Ū˱ȴæµ
ƫƫΪڰԽˡ
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Űɡ, Ҳˡ
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֣
ӹһЦ, ֻֻһС֣Ӽƹ
СӦĸ͵͵, Ҫū澽Ǽ˶л𣿡
ҡҡͷá
, Ҳٶ˵, ȥˣ˾㡣
λ֮ΣյȻ˾㡣
һȻ㵽ˡ
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ʱܹ˾ԳҲͦʵģ˾Զ൱ǵС
Ѿס
ʱڽա
պӦֽ˵ġ
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Ϊʦ֪£ǵЩ׼ˡ
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ǰӭӡ
̬ӵĶ½ƽԶſڽ˫һ棬һЦʦˣ಻֣ʵǹʦķ̫óˣ
½ƽԶεĿһۣкʦ֮ǰ˵Ҫ⹫Ե嵭һ㣬з˱ΣԵòʹ죬һֱʦķˣҽݣ⹫߶ˡ
ﴽԣ̸߶ţȥ
ߵһ࣬ͶС
Це֪ճЩʲô
ó򵥵ŪġЦۿŶ£ֲ䣺ˣȻҪ˵ģ֮ǰ˸⣬ͳӰɡ
ɳɣͷ
£̴Ӻ󣬲ŵɣҸոܵһϢ϶ֱƹҪ
ɫûϢ
ûСҡͷøһ£ףαƹģӦ벶ȸں󡣡
ûЦݣ̾ϢһҾ֪ҸһΪ˻λȥһΣˣΨ㸸ʣûЩɰһҪˡ
ǲЩȨΪ˱סң˱ȨѡΪԼûӡ
ֻᱻ˺ԣȨҲ¼ɡ
һ͵͵ô꣬˭뵽꣬ҪĿһϷ
ԣҲµĲߣֻǱȲȥģκϣֻܱ̤ǲȨ
ЦˣҲͦõģϵĵӾҪˣԺңˡ
ЦЦá
*
º󣬿ǳƽƽһ죬Բʱ򣬻ʹһңźڻб
׼ֵϿףżǧʿʹڱƹײϡ
˫һϣöһ֡ɱ
ҵıײڸոջҺĻʹ
ֻһȻ͵͵ɵױȲģЩֿɶǶ׼ľӢ
ˣ
ԣߺһ˱󳷡
ҪΪʱ䣬һг䶨ʥּ£˾λˣҲûá
ֻոΧѾ
̬׺ֱײ󲿷ֱˡ
ɱֳֳһýĽֻ֮ͣѪ͵صˡ
ǣûϵ˾ʵó侲һ㣬ǺʱǻܵҲõķ⡪
һλδ꣬Ѿǰһӡ
һʹѪ
ƥȵ
ǣ㶨׵ʿҲս˵߾ߣ¼˶ϺһȺĸŮ뿪
Ĳ´Ȼ־ˣǻãȻһ£һүأ
үˣ
ү
ЩҲû˼ȥ׷ˡ
ܵʮֿ죬ܿʵ޹
ѱӴıš
֣ϣ
ȥ˫޹ذױдλگ˾۾һ϶ˣɣģʲɱģ
ɫ͵ˣҶߵһˣ˵ϲңҪû׼᲻ɱҪʧˣ϶ɱд
˵ţ˽вذ׸Ĳӡ
˾оһ˿˿ʹذ׵ļ˴·ѾһЩһףдкͷȴޱڴԼ˿ǰ
ʱսѾӽβյ޹űײ
ŵǰ
ǣ
˾㾪һôҲû뵽ԼģȻϲŮ
ɫ䣬ذ׺˾ĲϣвվסȻɱ
ͬʱĿ󿴣֪ˡ
˾ҲæվסվסĻᶯֵģ
ȴЦһ£˶ӵв˾ĺ̵ǰˣѾˣǰˣˣҲˡ
Ӵ㵵Ŀ˾ƤȵѪ£ס˾һֻϣ˶꾪ǣվסûǰһ㸸ʾˣ
˾Ѿֽøʭһе涯ְǣ
ЦΪʲôһںûйܹҵĸף
ӣ
˾㣺
һʱͣ˽ֲ֪ô죬ƽһ㶼ں˾İοͷôһвˣʱãҲŵˡ
ֱ˵ǽǣӱײǽϡ
ɫһͣҲһŲ
ʱѸٳ֡
˾ŵüһ۾
ߴһ͡Ķˣ
סԼȻɣ˾͵ƿӣܳһͷͿؿѪĶӣûһ˫۾Լ
ͷһۣոյĿ־壬ŭתͷ͵ǣ˵˲Ҫ𣿲޾ͳˣ
չʣֱһ߿
˾㱻ߵõڵϹ˸Ȧϵ±ƶҪˣȻԼʣ
ҪŭȻ˾ȣʦֶӱƹıλˣ֤ݾ


210  210 
ȻкС
ü۳ȥ, ͼſԼʿſڣһȺ˶š
˾ǰǰԼ˽, 顢ϵ, ǳʱһãŵĿŵƻͨѪζŨĻʵ޹
ǹʦһ֣˾
˾Ȼǹʦʦ϶ֱƹ, ֪ʰΣ, ǣϽʽֿһ
£һ𺰵
Щ, ̫˵䣬ͣЪ, һһûƹǶӱƹ, ҴˣŻǲţ
˵˾ȣΪʦôҲֲ˰Ѹôˣ, ΪŮ, ȴԸʳ, 治ҲТ

ҧҪ۸췴ñӣƫͷױ˵һ, ױȥ
, Ӧ治ǰɣةඥ˾ѹ, ЦʦûҪƹ
Ҳ˵ԣʦλ, ûҪκЩ, Ůݣ
, ʦ֮ǰһֱûκҪǶӣʦĻҲ乬ô꣬ôأ
תͷ˾Ȱ˵
Ҳڣҹıѣгˣžͱ˾ӹȻö֮˵ʦͶ췴
ⲻǿЦ
ʦбȨ췴Ҳ˰
ֻǶĹ٣ֻ˵˵Ҳˡ
ʱȵ˾㱻ױŹʣ˵Һ϶ı㲻ҳһ£
˾һۣɫ壬ڶԷǾԼķϣͷ˾û췴޵ġ
ʵһڣԭȻǵĴꡣ
ƫƫ˾ɫ䣬֪֪治֪ģһԹ޸ʶûأڶԷУ⻰Ҳ֪٣ˣ׼Ƚ£
⻰һгϣ
ɱ˽Ƕʱν
ЦһٴνγǰһɱһʿѪȾѪĽ|ػʿɫ£˾ֳȥ
ɱԿ˻ٴ
ĳǶûľһŵøϽˣⱻ꼰㣬˾ԼҲµòУոձӵѾŹˣһ˶ˣ¶޹
ֻ˾һ׼úܺãֱĶܶ࣡
˾ϣ·ҵĳ¶һĨЦݡ
ˣ
ֻҪû˾նɱûвˣҲ˹ģϾѾûбĺʵĶӣһȨҲջȨУʷά
㶯֣ɱҳӣ˾
ɱʿǱʿҲ׷źţƴ
˺ټһ£
˵סһʿĻ́߿ֻӽȥ
ＤҵʱһԶ֣þⳡѪȶս˷׷׿ȥֻĴ
˾ɫ΢䣬żĺɱ㣡
Ҫöˣһжһˣ
ֻ˲٣˸࣬һʱ޷ӽ΢ģֱնɱˡ
˾ԽԽļյȲȥҧһӳϡ
ʱһ󣬶ǰȥһʱ̤ٱ˾ˡ
ֻǴʱҲ˲ôˣ۾սһɫ׵Ůӣȿˣ֡
ȻŮȴǱ۾ʱֱһתı

һγŭˣš
⧲£˾ѸսȼнԼȥʱѾ̹
˾ϱߵͷת򣬺ȻؿһۣͷһĨȾѪɫԼؿðĶŹ⡣
㡪˾ҧӽ
һԾϣˡ
ͣһҲ㿪ˡ
˾ѾɢȥʹӾҵı˾ʧȥǯˤQ£ǰϡ
һż־ƺ
ƴ߶ԴСһŤͷÿ⾪㤵һĻ˺ѷεĺ£
ʱѾˣһ£
ͷ춼ˣСﻹеֿ˼׷׶ζԷԼߡ
ܿҵֳ޹˾޹ǰֹͣ̽ͷ̽ԵĳСѯʣû˰ɣ
һÿǰԶűȵȥѪһ˫۾ɵöӡ
˾ͺðΣ૵ôô
ʱ߶ˣҲʵʵش𣺡ӣɱʦˣˤµأˡ
˾͵һ飬۵ǰһڣֱͦͦȥ
£ջعĴǾ
*
һƲ˾ɶں
֪˾Ҫʲôܹ鶯СʱΪݣܣһν岻Ҳȥˡ
ֱһ죬˽ĽĸŮѣ˵ıʦնɱΪʦҲ췴Ҫ¹ʦȴˤ̤
¾جģзˣ
˾˶ˣ
ôһ˯ѣͱˣ
˾ֱʧȥѪɫУĸҪˣҪˣ
Ҿ˵ɵģɣǲԸڻûˡ˵ţίĿˡ
˵ˣ˾ҪˣǳŸʻţѰ·Ҳһû·αأ
Ѿֵزˣ
һԼ侲ȴֻоԼ֫Խ䡣
Ϊ˾ɵĸ˽һΪȻ֪ŮΪ˲޸ѡ乬̳ԼĻвˡ
˭֪Ǹģҡһ˹ʦö֧֣֮õڡ
Цһʧˣ
˭뵽
ͬһˣʵ϶ԷԷŪԼ
˾ɿ޵øˣĸô찡ûˣҲзˣء
գۣۿҲˮ֪ô졣
󹬺˰뱲ӣ£ʺţʵΪƺûǺǸɼʹڻʵǰɵСĵֺãܱȫԼ
񣬻ʵ۶ˣĸŮԮˣλĻǳˣ


211  211 
һҹ֮, ϶ı汻նӱʵз, δ̫, һʱȺס
زıɱӱʣµŸ̵ΨʮһĻӣʵˡ
ĻӲʮһ갡
Сӣ, Ҳģ
˾ʮǻ, ӵı֮ĵˣصޡ
޷ϳ, һȺԱͼһô졣
ȥ, һȺݷãʴ𰸡
ͲС, ָ󣬻ǻ, 깦, Ȩ, Ҫִ, ǲѡ
λ, ڵּ򵥵, ʲô
ЦҪĻӲʮһ꣬Ϊ̫, Ҳ޷, Ҫϡ
ڰ֣ʹ, Ͳȥˣùʦȥɡ
ʦЩȡ
ǵʱǾʶų˹ʦΪȻλߣʱŮӵݡֲǻʵ۵ĸףֻǽ㣬Щ̫ʡ
۾һɣȻأѲϸ첲ȵȥǲȥģ˵Ҷæӵ£ҲϵʦͲһˣ㣬㲻Ҳߴ·
󳼣
ɡЩ档
ò˵ŷ
ѾΣûа㻳ɣټݣŮӣרȨʱ϶ҲὫȨܵܣԺҲǲܽܣ
л㣬Ǹ÷ӣʼ˵Ĵ˼Ƭ̺󣬹ϸ͡
챻йȥ˾֤ĴǸͷûһ㷴˼ʦ䣬㣬αƹҪǹʦ㣬ǰ׼֣ѱҳռݣùʦ̫ӼȻҽԽ٣
һͬ˵öԡ
ӣЩȤı죬û˼ȻҲһԵˡ
ڰ֣Ȼʲô
ǶʱӦ׷ǣ¹ȥʦ˳ɽ
л㣡
*
һѷ뿪ֱӾʦſڣҲȥֱ⣬վãߺʦ˸Ļ̫ݼ
ʦ˸Ļ̫ݼ

Ķǰȴһ£ֵ̿ʦˣҶӻ𣿡
ţôţϽ˵
һǰ⻹δĶǷȫŴͨ̾һ߶Ǽ£ʮǶǶ;
þ߳;ģҪȥز׬мۣһ߾һ࣬κһʱ䶼Ҫó˺ܲ
ǰΣμӳˣ֮һֱģѯһ
õ𰸣Ӵ˿һľϹлٽԼѸˣµ˹ʦĴ¡
һߣ˾ҲſðͰ͵Ŀʣ㣬ЩôͻȻҪҵ̫Ӱ
ð͹ܼȥԼ˾֡
С굽Լߣ˾£Ϸ˺ܴ¡
¸˾˵ˣ˵ڵǸз磬ԲѣҲ־壬ĶӣǰˣĿǰһҪ㵱̫ӣ̳лλ֮ǰΪʦԼ㣬ܽ𣿡
һ˾ԵĽ̵乬ʱ࣬Ϊһ׼
˾ԱҲܴ乬ʱԣɳȴʼչ¶ˣȵĵһڹӼ﹫ӵܱصĵطȵĶɹ˼¡
ͬʱСĽûиκ鷳Ҫġ
Ľ̵ҲѸٳɳ
ʱһ˵˾ӦѾΪɨϰˣ
ͷѧʱ֮ǰڴһУѾ͵ǰĽҪҪ
˾һЦ϶ܣ
Ȼܽܣ
֮ǰŽ㱻ȴΪ޷ʹʱͰԷԺһҪߵǴﲻĸ߶ȣԺ󣬾ձ˵Լͽ㱻գ
ôһõĻǰнǰָʲôɾܾأ
Цˣλãڣ⣬һӼЩ󳼡
˾Щŵ򴽣ɵЦ⣬һҲŬֱͦһ֮ǰ̵ǰ㣬
˸ȲĴӿ룬һĴ˿ľǲˣһŵŮԼССȴƵСꡣ
ǰة඼Щû㱡
ǰûʮİӣ𣬽ǽȨˡ
Щ󳼣ûһ㷴뷨ֻĵȻ
ةǰٹ֮ף󣬵һʱ乧̧°ڣߵݣĵ£ʦˣȺף̫ҽԺԺԱ¿ҳ´С鶼Ҫߣȿʦĵ³Ϊ¼
Ҳ׷׸ȡ
˾Կûеһʱ
λˣǺݣθ
ةɫȻǴ곤ĵ£㣬ĵ֮ǰҪɹʦߣʱĵ±࿴պĽ̵͸£ĵ¶ȻܳΪһ
õҪĴ𰸣˾Եͷ
Сʱ΢죬ŬŶׯͷλˣҪʽһͬסڶɺã
Цһ£û뵽˾Աôãôһ仰
׻ǸСӡ
ةڶݵԥ󣬹ϵͷйˣ̫סڶҲûʲôȻԡ
˾Ҳûʲô˵ģֱ߰ɣ
ڳϲӭ»ع
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̫ӼʦʵۻԼ޹ԣ̫ҽΪβ󳼶ѾΧ̫ˡ
̫ӣҲС¡
ʱΪ˾ֱϳץʱ䣬һдӼ򣬲ʮڣ㶨
ʮһ죬˾ʽʼϳ
һ˳С
˾Զסں󹬣󹬻ά֮ǰͣ󲿷ɶܵΪǶû˽ӴûҲӰ죬ȻϧһһǾ̫Ҳµ۵ķ£úúõء
Ψ˾ɺ˯ž
ΪΨ˾˵ˣĸϾɱˣ˾ɱۿԼĳλ类һٵʹ࣬ڶ̶ʱ
˾ɣ춼ţôԼǽԼ͸Ǹ˻ؾǸɴɱֻĥ
Ӧôô죿
ƵĵȴУʵзĵʮ죬̫Ӽĵ죬һּ
ʦ飬ٹ˾ɺδ飬ΪĻʹһ˿ϲ죬˾Ϊ˾ϲĺӣҪĴϲ£û׼˾һʱѹ
⻰˵Ĺûʣʵ˾ɼ޸ӵܣ
׼˾ɿ̫͹ּ⣬Ǿ춼ˣ޸мһˣֱ裡
ڵϻûǰһڣԸԵιȥˡ
ּ̫ŹһЦӴٹϲιȥ˰̫ӵµּ⣬Ҫŵģ
Цһͷ˫ֽ
̫࣬ص޵˾ԴǴһֱסոεͱֱͻԼϡ
һȥѹ˾˵ĸ׻
ͷʹҧ£ĸ취׺㣬ڣûԼټ޸ľѳְۣգЩģ
֪˾ҡͷҲҪˣĸҪˣҪ뿪ңûǰԣ
ˣ޸ǻȥˣ
ʲô˰ķ竣ϲһˣǺ޲޼ҶͳȥɶŮӱֺٲϧ⴦ˣ
˾ɼᶨĸû裬޸Ҳл·ǲһҵѱǶѾסˣ
Σ׺ģֻҪ뿪ʹ׺ģ


212  212 
˾ɺĻ±ճһ׺Ķ, ͱˡ
ȴ꣬Ѿߣ˾һ֮˽, Ĺ, Ȩ˻ֱȻ
׺ģ
Ȼ˾Ĳһ׺Խʹѹ׼Խȥٹɲӽ
˭֪ùʦ, Ҫ׵Ĺ˿
Ȩһ, ͳ˱֮Ĵڣ׺ѾΪ, ׼ҲһٴϢ, ֱ֣ҹ
׺ȥ, ֻڼĬĬʹѹ
ʱ׼ҸĸһϢĹȲҪ޸޼, 񲿴, ʱ, ǰɻأ
׺Ƿ, , 㶵̧ͷܣ
ܵģ
ôԸ޸أ̻ڣ
׼ҸĸЦҲ㿴, ٹ߶ȹ³֪Ҫ׼ˣҲ, ѡΪ˾İ, Ϊܿٹһ㣿
׺, ˵ȻԸܡ
׸̾Ϣ֪ʢΪ׼ûҸӵôľǵõ˶٣㽻Ȩһ£ǣĶͷˣڵĹʦˣңΪ㣬׼պû㹻սˣ
һ˵Ŀģʹϧϧ
׺ۿ΢죬ЩΣҲĲֻ֪һһһʱҫͷҶġ
Ȩ˾㣬ûǻᱻʦƿصģ
ԣ׸ӵĹִҡҡͷɫȥ
ңӵϢܶ࣬Ϊ˲ö˹ʦֱۣӴŸлصϼˣδ뿪ǵĹҲһȥġ
˵ҵ֪˾ɺѶʱʵϸ顣
жû˵Ҫȥ˾ɾȳ𺣡
ûȥһ֮ǰ׼˶Դ׺һ㲻Ϊ룬ҲΪ룬ٹˣٴȥֱҪˣ
ٹ¼޼ҵķ粨δ׹ȥսһˡ
ԣ˿ǽʱʮһ̫ӼʮĹѿųʮ꣬Ҳ޷ˡ
֮ǰѾˣﲻỳģ
Ұġ
ǰȻŹܿͿʼð߽硣
һȥ˻׺ӡ
ڱų׺ϲεս±żڴʤ̣ٹټޣǹʦҲǻͬİɣ
ûô࣬׺ֻΪ˺ãڳûҪ뿪ֻˡ
Ϊ˱Լսµӣֳ㣬ݳ㣬ԱҲ٣̫ҽԺĲ̫ҽ͹ȥˡ
һҪΪ̫ҽԺҲҪ壬ǰ˾Բһһֱš
ų͢ٺ»̫ҽĹְȴԿģȱľηǾͽЩͷȫ͵Ӫҽ
ʹ˵˾ҽģȥҽѧԺʦ
ʦڹŴǸ߸ϣᱻͽǰźţʦԵĿǼʮԸͬĺӣջ¸úỵ́ÿ¶п˵ȵȡ
Ⱥϲд̫ҽǱߣԻں޲ѡ
߹ڴ̣Ϊ˸õı֤Ǳߵöȣ˳ּ˺öȣ˾Ѿ|ˣֻ־Щɿ϶ûˣͽš
ֻöϣࡣ
λɲһΣֶֻһǿӲöȵҲǳãҲֲʲôǰֵַĴڱ𹬡
֮ˡĳݵݣʡӣЩ͵߹أ֤Ǵ̴
һεս֮ǰǰ˳
ŽĳǱǴҪҧһȽһˣƴȫ
׺ڣҲ޷֮ǰǰƵƵʤսơ
ȥǴһ꣬Է͡
һսʼĵ£˾ȥս£ɥҲٰúܵ͵ܿȥս˿ûб仺Ȼɾӡ
ԣʼ׼뿪Դֻû׼þǵ飬ս¿ʼĵ߸£߹ؾʹܣ׺Ϊһ򾡣ȴ˵з壬䱻Ȼ˴Σ
һս׺еĽʧ˷ִ磬̰ð
¾һУ˶ɽԼԴǰȥ֧Ԯ
󽫾£ƵƵ¶ܼ
ڲҪóһʱӹ˧ģӭս
ԭԵĳºͳƾС
һδζսĴ£սһαһκ
ս¿ʼĵʮһ£͵ϮӪֳɹһ£óԽЩʱսش
Դ˳һܣһνȴûкһֹͣǼһֱǣ򲻶ˣҲս£Щסʱͣ֡
سսñ񣬳־岻ѣҲһΪӮΪһĲ
һԶصǵõһֱͬٹԽʱ䣬̰ٶ̰ˣʵȡ
ϧλ̫ˣѾ޿ɷ⣬ֻܼνһѲƱ
˵׺δŴҽ˺ܺȥʱ·Ͼͻһ£ûǱѾûˡ
λ׺ĹײĻٽ׺ļν׼ҡ
Ϊ̫ˣҪĸϣҲʧأʵԼ
ȻҲ֪͵ģһͺðǸĴ۸һ㣬ɹ̸͵ʹ߸ǱʾԸͻӹס
׶Ȼˡ
ܾˣĳһһŮˣҪ
ʹ̿ǲ⣬ŹǹʱȴĹʦһ飺ſ٣ǸǹҲһ
ʹߴϲȻͬ⡣
һּ͵ңҵճӸΪƸΪŹ
Ϊּ⾪ˡ
ԼȴΨĵĿЦ
һеһУģĻˣ
ּҶó£ԸΨнּ͵ס
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Ŀͺ׶뿪ŸǴ;ɫЦһ£ܿٴæµ
̴ôã˲¡
ǲ鿴Ƿ뿪ǰİֿ˭Ҹ飬ֱץܵһһá
һֱ˰꣬ҰһͨȫڹʦԾذĹʦ
̫ƽп־壬һƬгʱˣͻصʦΪǰʵһԣḻԼļܣҲΪʦְλʵ¡
ֱһ죬һϢٹȥˡ
Ȼˡ
˾һֱڵ׺Ϊ׺ܾԼ𺣣޸ȷʵƫƫǸȨߵĹ
̫ӵ˾ԸûΪ׼
Ҳ˾Ǽˣ
ճɻǻ޶һʱ䣬ϲ˾ɵģҲԸΪ˾͵ùͼֻϲ˵ֲ˶á
˾ɲϲʹٻἯʣһӣʮŮһ¶
˾ϲ׺±֪һȥȤʼңûã˾ȥ˾ʽǻʹ˾ɳʧȥɽ
Ҳµ۵ǻЩˡ
ֻǡʱæŵУҲû㣬ֱʤ̣ſʼ
˾ṩвͼѱֻȨʱ÷ŷ
޴˸ְ졢ֱΪӣ˾Ȼ޼Ǩŭ
˾ɻڴ׺
ɵ˵׺˲սʤسͽͳȥף֪Լûϣһû
˸Ѷ֮òϡ
ʵûǲΪǹ޴˱ǣְ޼Ҳһ¾ͳ׵ˣ֮ǰ˾׼ļױӹȥ
ֻ˾ѾûϣҲûˣ޷޼ﰵ裬޷ŴŮ屾Ͳһ纮ͳײ
Ǹ޼һǾҽˣҪλ಻ɳӣ޼ԼС˼Σʱ׷һ
Ȼ˾ˣپҲѣһﶬϢǴˡ


213  213 £꣩
˾ȥû, |ɱˡ
硢Ǻ׵ݣƫƫ֮Ҳû, ⱲӲܻȥ, ͬûϣѡ|ɱ
ԭĳ𶼲ˡ
һǶԴԭһ仰Ҳźǵ, ˾, ˣûɱ, Ҳû
ھʣһˡ

Ϊ̣һļ¡
ڿҿҵĵŹʦ, ڴ˺ʮԽ߶žԵá
ʮʱ, ˽յˮƽҲǱĬ˽Ůӵĵλ, ŵʩչȥ, δá
ʮʱ, Ҳ㹻㾫
ǰǱַ, һ, нˡ
һ, ֮һԣҽʵȻﵽ, Ѹ, սʤ
̶̼ʮ, ڳһ֣ǲϲսĳϵΪս
治ţǹʦʮ꣬Խ֤Լ
ʱ˵Ļ˭ԼĹܹһͳ£ٲַ
Ȼʱ䱻ɧһ£ܱߵİҲԹص
õҰµͬ⣬ְš
һֱԪ˧Դ½ƽԶȷٵˡ
գԷС
º󣬵߹أ̶£ս顣
һսһ룬Ϊ˽Ľಢ죬Ϊʵ⣬ټηʮֱҲҼӿ࣬һˡ
һٳ嵽ʹһϢĳۣһв
׹
Ҳˣʦ˾˽е
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ϲգٹ졣
ⱬעǸҹӵϰǸŮӣʮ꣬ˣŶӵĿˣˬЦţżУΪףʦ˴ʤ̣ȫ۳ۣÿֻһеĶеģ
ϰҲϲѣǮԽˬ졣
ϰһǮһȻĻش𣺡ʲôģǹʦĴϲ£Ҳ۽ϲ£Ȼףˣ
Զԣǵףϰ壬Ǹڸӵģ͸㡣ӵϰ͹㣬Цӣʦ˿Ĵ£ҵΪ˵ս٣һҪ갡
ޣһ۽ӵϰԸϽһʲô꣬ʦǧ꣡
˵öԡ
һգӶԷ۳ۣЩѷţֻΪһϲá
һʱ󣬵ۿգϰڽ䣬ŮΪϰЦÿģԣ
СѾͷɵԽŬֻǻЩɻͲʣʦ˴̣ʲôϵΪʲôҪĶ˰
ӲȻ˹ˣҪͶϰԼСѾͷĸ׾һֱڸɻΪҺڡ
ĸףǿЩȥˡ
һӪҵǿˣʹĸԺ͵øɻ
ϰŮԴΪûйʦûҲûѽԹʦ£ǵ£֪𣿡
СѾͷԹԵͷЩ⡣
ϰ˵Լ¡
ʮǰϰԼҲֻһʮСѾͷǸʱȻʵۻӹѣھܱߣӽ£ûԡ
ֱһ죬ǹĹʦ¾״ǨΪǺӽټʮѵһĺԡ
Ǹʱһ㶼ţΪǿưңίˡ
Ϊ뿪Լļҡ
Ǹĸ̾
ǱȲ٣ֻ
˭µĵطż󣬱ˣһ£ǽһ£ӵΧûˣ
ҪǹԼıǨӣˣ
ֵĿֿס
ԺһסڻǺӸİվͷʦΪ˼Ҽﶼ˹ʦСҹ
ʵ֤ʦб¡
ԴӹʦȨ˵ںת˵ԴǾͿԴ򣬴ӮģԳΪǴһƬ㰲ȵ
ԹʦͶصǹʦȨĵ꣬飬趨˻ŮŮӴ˻Ů˵
ʮʱ޸˵ʱ÷δ򣬳ɻһаãΨһõǳٳδС
һ߰ʳԵһò׻ˣʱҸҳԣ˳С
ǸŮҲ
ɹŶˣɷҲûӣǶԲ
κ֮꣬ûлС
ʵƽûʸ檵ģԼʹٳδУҲô죬
һ죬ȥʦõӣȥʦʲôʱиӡ
ʦֱԣǶӡ
ŴܴӴ˿ˣʱʦȴ˵Ҫʦ
ʱʲô˼ɺ֪ˣҪϱɷ檣Ϊ֮ƣΨ롣
Ҫ֮߳ޣһ㱻ʦϳˣֻڵɿں롣
ǶʱԹĿ࣬ⱲӼ࣬ǵùʦǾ仰ȥˣȻʦߵŮĹ
Ǻ룬Ůٽ̸ıֶΡ
ϰҲǸʱ򣬻̿־ӣֹ±Си㡣
ǰǰŶȥʦҪ֤ʦǴģ˭֪ʦһ۶ϳӲģԴǰһҴܴٲӵ¡
һȫΪʦ
ʦһŵս۴ʤ˽ͼΪϵڣܲģ
¿ġ
һҶ᲻˯ʵ۽ʹ̻ŵѵˣЩ۵ĹϹڵƻͨУɹһ
*
һһ֮˹ʦżãܳսȺ壬սָǧɲΪͨմɽһΪĹúĻ˵ʷддꡣ
ʵ۵Ľܶûࡣ
ֻһнһա
ɲˣͿʼĳһȻ
ٴʱǰȻһŭˣԼ۵úѵһֻ֡
ԺＸһ
Ůֻ绰˺þãڽͨһ˱ǲͷ˵Ӧ꣬ͶʷҪģһֱˣһȥģ
Ů˵һ仰绰ѾҶϡ
Ŀֻֿҵǰ˵ȵźŹԥ˺ܾãǾ
ܿŮ˴·ÿֳš
һתһƺ̵Ļ
Ů˴ŵһһĴ򿪿һڵ俴ɷˣһʮŮˡ
ζζԼ֬ζŨ޷Ů˸ԴһƬհףȥԼɷϵŮˣ˾һͬŭ
ƺöӣҲʾĻϴΪֻǷ곡Ϸ̫СˣϾô꣬Ҳû
Ůţ˵תͷͽìͷ׼ոǸŮˣóֻ¼֪֪ѻ飬Ϊϡ
ɷɫײͷֱһƴס졣
Ů˱ˣˣʾĻػˣסĲӡ
Ҳһ̣Ȼ͹
ȻһΪ곡ϷʵѾ|߳ŭϾŮ˴򣬲Ů˽һм¼͸¶ȥѡݵģסŮˡ
ʵ֤ɹˣԭˣˡ
ȻһΪڷӦѸ̧Ŷ߹ȥ
ʹһȻɿ||ķ˰
ţÿҪһ£ո岻
Ȼٴα򿪣һˮ˳ɫĿˣ|˭Ǻ׿
Ȼƺ׿ͦԵģָϣĿɨˣǰˣܳҸӴñӣ


214  214 
Σ, ǶԼģһ٣Ѹÿ
ۿ˿, ոջĳȴʶҪ㣬ֵҲѸٵ
ϽԱһŤ¶׿ˡ
ͣһֻոҪĵѾͱ˸ոػλã
ȸոոĲҽڰ, ס, ҽе˴ʱֵˮ, Ҷ, ﷢ٵĺȣҾң
ͱһǸ, ڷԼһʱ˺Ѹˡ
üһ, ǲһҪܹˣ
ԭ£һ̧, ѾҳһţոսЦͣŮһɳŮ˴̶ļа˱ŭڰ
֮ǰӵұͶ˵һһȲ뿪
, ͳɤӺɱˣ
˲ﾯ, ԱϹ
ĬĬ˵һԣۿűҵһУź̾˿ִ, ֮ǰĹŴ, ع, һʱˡ
ܿȻˣѱȴ|ӱͱ˲һԵ̧ϳ
̧ʱҽԱһ䣺ûУûУ
Ͷѱ˻Ŷ㿪ˣ仰ǰ÷·ûˣҽԱûˣϽ뿪ˡ
󾯲ǰ˶ߡ
˳ĸţ˾֣ʲôʹʲôֹ֤һҲû˵ѣټܺӵݣܿͱߡ
˾֣ʱǴϡ
ֻϿյģûκϢĻʾʱ䣬賿㡣
ԺǴļ䣬˳صס
*
һǳ¥ƽ㣬װ޶ŷ磬ãһ򿪣۾ǸƬкѵģǺ͸ոǸˡ
žͷЦöǳġ
ŮˣˣİⶼҪˡ
Ǹͷԭӵˣԭʵû˰⡣
ۣͼԭļ䣬ܿһŮʮǰ֡
ԭȦĴ磬ʮʱչ¶Żһ΢ӰıС֪ȡ
ʮ꣬ѾһСӾʮ|ľ߲Żĵݺ׿
ԭƯԸʮ崿ú׿һ飬չ˷׷
ֻСﵥҲִʹϲǱŽȥľͲͬ⣬׿ɴˡ
ͶԺ׿ЩĶû뵽ԷԸ飬һʱ嶯Ҳͬˣ˽ΨһìǺ׿Ƕˡ
ԭȻһʼЩܣͣϲ׿ټϺ׿úܺã׬ǮȥԺݼҵĺӰæϣ˭ǮͷӾ͸˭ܲľ
Ҳͽˣˣ
ûкӣƽʱϷ֮඼Ƕ磬Ҳʵ˼۵ӡ
ԭ㣬Ϊľ籾ûпǮģΪݣ׿ľ籾֮ʮѵݽýһΡ
һ꣬ʮ꣬ʱҹ崿ơ۽ǻаߣ״̬ⲻá
׿ʮ꣬ʵҲôˣҹߵǿȴ󣬼ʹ֪ݣҲƽԱ;ĹϵΪӦ꣬Щ
Ů˼Ϊɷֵ½뿪Էԭһֱڿҿҵĵ
ƫƫײ׿ӦԽԽ࣬ǽնʱ䣬׿Ǽؼҡ
Ϊԭ˺ܶ绰˵ˣ׿˵ؼңպӦ꣬㡣
ԭȻ⣬Ÿ壬һֱȰȣȵʮһ࣬ûԭ̲סˣݴӺ׿ǵõϢ嵽֡
Ҳͷ֮ǰһĻ
*
Ȼֹʱ
ⲻԾ
Ϊί˶һѵˣûо飬Ҳһļ䣬һûУ
üͷš
ѵǺһһûӴҪû취
ˣȲܡ
ԭһû˯ڶˣҲˣ˸ͷϢ
ԭͺ׿ң˶ĵúܣ㲻ǣ
㾫źöԸˣ
˯ǰֻػˡ
ʵ֤ǳȷΪڶһ˯ѣĿ
ϴʱ̴ֻ򿪣һʱ䣬Ȼϣˣ
ֻһϢӵ
Ȼ׿£ֳĶǺܴġ
صֻ꣬ŲĽ鿴Ϣ
һռ˴ģԭи磬ʮ꣬ѽ飬и磬ʮ꣬ʮʱȦԭͺ׿ķ£ѾȦС
ܳϷڱܺá
ԭһͷΣΪûкӣָϡ
ֻǿ˵ϢռҲԭԺһҺһ׿ڻ£ǷϢںĶǺ׿·Ǻ׿ˣ
Ϣûظֿۣ׿ĸĸҲ˵绰ϢⲻãԼҶӶô£Ȼ֣ʧô˶ϱģ
ͬظ
ԭһЩ˵ˣĹĲģظˣ̹ȻĽһ֪Էû׿ڵġ
ⲻǼҳֻǺ׿һ˵ĳš
ûظĶظģеҲˡ
Թֿ֮ʼױ硣
ԭǸլŮƽʱʵͦη徵ͷģԺͺ׿ʮҲٳǰżֶǴſֵģ󲿷ʱǲ磬ϲſɵɭŮ·͸¶¾õĸоıȴ
Ǹӣɵúúôһ
ԭ·ܶ࣬׿ⷽ沢ģֻԭ˼
˼ױԭƽʱٴ黨ȹӣ⽫ͷҲ̾ˣͿĨϿں죬һĳȥ
˵׿ѾȽˣˣҲˣܲô|
һҪúȥ|һˡ
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Сʱ׿Ĳǰ
׿ĸĸƺһ۶ûϳǿﻹס߶ţʲôӴ
Ҽô
׿һʼãѧϰɼܺã硢綼粻飬Ψý״ؼҡ
Ϊ˹һѧȫҧֱӵӰѧԺҵʼո¶ͷǣ˵ǼĶ£Ϊԭ˾͸ܲˡ
ʵĿţСŲˡ
Ǵأü۲ɣͷʹʱᣬҽԺǸϲĵطΧôá
ȻһĶŮǰһ£˵Ҷӵģ
䴽һЦ裬Ұ
ĸɫôڲִĴţһ۾ӣɷδʹ˵㰴ʲôģ
Цף
üͷĺظָıʲô˼㻹ף²Ҷͱӵģˣ
ӲͶӾˣΪϱȻף˶ϱҪã
Ȼףףҽٺ֪ǱôҵģײŸŮϣ֣ҵĲӣõͱһӦǷҺţ
һ㣡ЦһǵӾͱˣ飬ãҲи|Ů|˱ԷϹͱӵˣ
ؼҸĸɫ΢䣬㵵ĿôݣŭҪŭ˼ˡ
žȻ
ɶǱӻӳģֵطǻ֪ģɨӶǻץģѾ˴룬Щ޴룬ȫޡ
տ˫˵Щ
ΪؼҸĸĻⲡ˶̽ͷԹȺ⻰һ¶ͬ顣
ֵ໤ʿҴҶϵŭɫҲͣ᲻٣ҽԺԴ
ؼҸĸͨĸ
æʿǸҪٸ£ǲܺ˼ȥƫƫҪ˵ԺȻһʧҪӰ߹켣ߵĴ


215  215 
İ, ֵʱ֪Ǵ
ǲܹ, һ仰ĹָӦʧˡ
ףƺһһ̫ˣδʼ
ֻһ乬Ҳûȥ, ıΨ˾һ˵, ûӰ, һΡ׿ҲǸҪ
Ѿıˣ
ֱһ, ǲ㿪, ˵ľ
ܲάԭ߰ɣǲܵ, ܲί
ƺ뷨|ٴ, ˼εζ޸
аɡ
˻Ȼԭԣʱ˺ݻһ, ԽеĺؼҸĸ, 
ոպؼҸĸΪѹСܵڶǰԶ㵽棬ؼϴ϶˶档
һȥ, ˸ȫ
Է, һӡ
ĸ˶, ɫЩرܣãˣ۸ջء
ЦЦǵͷ׿
׿ҲЩΣȴֱ׳ʱǻŲ·󣬿û㿪ˣԼڿҪĶûˣ
ţٿƺݹЩˣôôˣˮҲ
ǵ˲ѱؼռˣûλɴվڴͷԱ۾ӸµĿЦЦʲôŮ˵ˮζʲôɲģɾ
׿üͷҶ˵Ƿ곡Ϸﻹƽϣ
˵Ƥһ飬һỺܶࡣ
Ҫĵطҩȥڱ۵һˣ˿ڶǱǣۣ亹ڶͷðԽ乣ġ
Ƶ곡Ϸϣ곡Ϸ˼Ϲͱһ׿̫ˣ
㻹Ҫô׿ûסֺһ
Ȼ¸۵ø͹ɫǺ죬¶ɫ
ĸӶЩµԼĸߣؼϴ϶һۣĬĬ˵гϢľˣǶÿŵܵܣܵһ綼
ΨΪЩôǲˡ
׿
Ƥ飬֮ǰһֱΪͻȻô̱һδα̣߳ŭĸĸҶ˵ǿչ˵𣿣
ؼ缱æģ׿˵ҪؼˣǮҲʡжϱͲû׿һҲò㣬ȻǵݣҲĵطȥȫ֪ܲ˵ͬˡ
˭֪˵һͣ⻯ױףǺ׿Щ飬ըˣ
˰ｨĺؼҸĸ߽Цһúã뻤С˿ڻָã
׿һͣһ뵽˿ڻָõĽڴϣ۾졣
ҡͷ߿ӰͷһᣬЩޣҪ㿪ͱҲһԼ
һŮʲôһ϶
һͱĿ°
ҽ˵ܴӰպϾǶеһˣˣҪǰһǲܵġ
ֻһ뵽Լʱʶ㣬ΪǸŮˣûһ¡
*
ؼҸĸСӣ۵òУ˵ĸ̲ס𱸵֪㲻ˣҲǹģʱҲûô࣬˵۶㻹𣿿϶ᱳģͷ곡ϷҲƽôˣ
ε̾ϢǶҹҪ곡Ϸˣ
ĸסĿҪʲô
һЦûʲôǶӶ˰ɣҪȥ򷹣
ĸɣĸСѶˣߴߴҪը
Ҫͣ
ҪԵ⣡

ĸһŮȲӣֽߵľ£㿴ͳɡ
ЦЦð
̣ߵʱ͸һתƯ黨ȹƮ
ؼϴСŮĽĿţȻְ֣ˣȹǲǾҵģ
Ȼ̡
ͷ
⺢Ϲ˵ʲôؼϴϱæһŮڨЦӲϹ˵ˡ
СԵί˵ûӣԺǵľͶǼҵˣ
϶ϱ۾һɣʲôжǼң˵ҼҲзݵġ
죡϶Ͻǳһ
ɫˣεĿСͯ޼ɣ
ЦеģˣͰȹ˸ƷŶ~
ᣬҽԺĻؼûɵĸоһ쬵ģһ¡
תͷЦݾ͵ˡ
ϿֳҽԺʵӶˣЩ壬ˣûԶ٣˵ǸԵģȳԡ
˸Żͦߵĵ꣬򳵹ȥڴߣһƵĳš
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ŴȻ·ƣԵƵġ
Ȱɣ첻ˡ
ȻһӰһ࣬ƫͷȥͼһױʮֺÿЩĿתͷλŮʿ¼һĿи˺һ𣿡
Ŀиͷɵң
ͷҽϪһĸ֣ƭ˵ģ͵٣㲻ҲûϵǿԵ򵥵ġ
ʧЦˬͷð
Ϫ˿
Ϊĸ֣ϵҲǲգǲܵģҲϰЭ̺ˣǿ㣬Ҫͺá
ȴϿ֣Ÿм䣬и١
ͬѶȵӣһ򵥣Сǡ
֮һһѡ
ϪҪ˵СǰɣСҲС
ͼļαֱָŵɣϤһ¡
Ϫ㶣ϲĿѵһ룬ǸУ
ĵҲһ£á
ǡϪҪͷһ̶ҵ֣ЦݽӲϣĿɿڴĿǵ߰㣬ָͣ󴥵ŮӣҴˣҾ˵ˮôܸı䡪
䣬ոջҵǱʦˣһˣִŮ޳ָ
ۣϪ׾
˼ĻͷЦЦ̫ûˣոϤһָУԿʼˡ
ϪͷСǣ̫ˣ֮ǰ϶
չ˲˫ƯڸϣȻ;һʶһۣЦЦ
ſ֣¶һ˫۾ɰ£ġ
ϪҲЦˣָƺ˺ܶࡣ
һԷ
ʱɣʱϪŽĿĳֵסĸл㣬̫лˣʲô֣ҪǼӸ΢Űɣ
ҡͷü΢ˣи£æ𣿡
˵Ϫ|
䣬ԼҪ˵ˡ
Ϫ˧¶ԥ
۰Ͱ͵ĿСֻģ¶
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һȾСʱ㵽˵㣬Ѷòеĺؼɫѿڲۣϱʲô˼Լ˵ȥ򷹣ôҪ˵Լ˳ԣ
⻰һͶò˵СӲ˵裬ҺöҪԷ
Լȥ򣡡׿šüͷɫ̫ãڹǴڣͺá
˵㣬곡ϷҲҸ׵Ů˰ҪֳܱҪҪ飬ô죿ĸ̲סһ䣬ǳȥ
Ҫֳ֮ǰúõضϱǶӣ
ʵһ仰û˵ˣܲģҲԭˡ
׿һڣȥԸԡ
ֻȻһ
׿ͿӷڼȺϢ
һһƬ
ƬһһŮ̬ܣͷû˵Ǽյһ°ͻеģڽǵ״̬ǶȣܵһЩƤĿȥֱˡ
ƬŮ¶ϵ·黨ģպúͽһ
һ£ֶ
ָС󴥣Ƭģʽ˳Ƭ£ȻŮ˷ϢϹֻǰѷ곡Ϸ֤ûʲôŶ~
׿ɫһ࣬ŭֱǣ͵ؽֻҳȥһܳ˻
껹ûһӣոֻĴ|ʹ˿ڣ۵̣ͣ


216  216 
һҡ
ؼҪȥԷҲȥ, ǽҽ˿ڣ˿Щ΢˺ѣֻҩ, ˲˲Ҫ뿪
һнѾϾŵˡ
ظ˵˵ﰡֻ˭ˣ
׿Ұֽɫ͸¶һɫû˵
ʱؼϴĬĬֻݹȥ
ظüͷһɻĿţȻۣҿʲô
ؼϴСǵúһˡ
ظ
ɫһ, ֶֻ˰, ϳ·, ʧҲ|ˣ
׿Ҷ˵ֻǷ곡Ϸ, ûг|ûг|죡ӦҲû|죡
ôҲɰ, ˭ظǺؼǲҪһ|Ķϱ飡
ڴʱЦ, ɱ˵|ˣͥ, Ƿ곡ϷĸƬѣҿɶûȣûйĲӡ
ظָֻô˵
Ƕڰ֣һںӣʵû
Ҫ, ҲȽ
ҶǷ곡Ϸ, ˭˭߹ѵΨз곡ϷȨ
׿ǹģ
ˬԣҾǹģҪ곡ϷҲǷ곡Ϸǰ˵磡
׿ؿ, ҧг, ƫƫĹ̹Ȼ, ޻˵
˵ûĻûԼĸܡ
ɡ
׿ģȴΪ޷
ظȴûôֱ࣬׳ҶˣΪӦ꣬Ϊ׬Ǯʲô˼
ȻŶ´籾ʱ
ظ
һҪˡ
֣ҿɲ׸ŮҪ´ңͲǼұˣ˺
ظʶ࣬ŵͫôӲȥպ޺޵Ķţ뿪
ؼӸϽϣʱһã֣
ĮȻӡ
Ŀ˶ЩȻŲ첽ȥ
һЦ
곡ϷǺ׿곡Ϸû˭
⻰˵˫̫˵Ŷû˼
׿պöÿЦݣˣƫƫһЦŵķ̡
ʮĽЩɹ޷Ǳص˼Լ֪ĸ󣬻ĸһʵָֻҧ˵Լ
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Թģҹ£˭ùñأ
ȻİⲻǰŨңҲһʮˣжʮꣿ׿û飬㿪ԼͱӵɱˣһЩ
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ȶ㵽ԷģҲ㿪
׿̾Ϣһѹͷ֪ˣԺҲ᷸ˣεǾͲ𣿡
ĮŮҪظȻŮãȻ˼룬ʲôĿҲ˽࣬ήҵĺ׿ɫ𽥸ӡ
Ȼ֪ΪԼȻʧȥ˶ƿأһӴڻɷŲӣڴɷĲ
мһΣûʧȥȴ·˸ˡ
ȻΪĵί˷йĵطķϴɷо˿˿⡣
ֻǺ֮ǰСʱϵԼͬʱֻһӼͥŮˣļͥӰ죬±ɷˣĿɷͱŮ|ɵʮ飬޷˵顣
Ĵۣ˭ܵ
ߺ׿û|Ӧģôֱ׳ҵ³ֺ͵ҲЩ
ڶݵԥ󣬻ͷá
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ⱻ޸ں׿ϴʱȻʧȥʶٴʱһƵĿͷ
Ǹͷз䡢пгһûʲôͬ
ûбˣЩңϰһѾ籾ϻмֽбǰиӣһʱȥ
ϴ
ֻǶԲգ֮䣬ԭȴ
ǹ˺ö꣬һ᲻ױôİ|Եºۼ
룬ֹȥãϣ˫۽ռ䡣
м;Ҳˡ
ʱһⱻ͹ʱѾȥꡣ
һ֮ǰ룬ԼûһԭСʧȥԭʮʱܿԭԹʮһ졣
ʵҪǺ׿ܹѭǰŵԣˣԭʧȥûϵġ
ûС
ΪԼˣ׿Σʵ˺ܳһʱ䣬һδεİοԭǱͲҪӵģ⡣
ԭжòУϡͿԭԼԼ곡ϷԼ£ºͺá
ֻǶӱͱһӹԭϵøˣ׿ܺãû֮ǰİ⡣
ֱڡɱƬԭⲿŮĺƾȻ͵ͱӵǣоԾȥһ֪ǹֶ
Ů˽أֶŮʮ꣬һСɱˣ˲鵥ŹչֶŮġ
һԭͬĺһˣԼľ籾Ů
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ȻʵĺξŮ֮ˣһΪ׳ûбգûǮβò޸һˣǮĸβ
÷ǳҸͥλĲ죬ɷһŮˣû˵ʲôֻܶ¿ˮ
ǼţҲʶ˺ܶࡣ
һ׸ոճ鵽иԱųǰױݣıѡˡ
ԴȦСһѡ
һɳģ硢׿ݵһŮĵլ硶ɱ
ĺƵĿλǽ飬ǰϲⲿ磬Ҳǳ˽⣬ŮݸϤòУǰļ䣬ģǰŮԾһϸֶⲿķⲿС˵÷ǳ͸˱磬Ҳú׿ʶ
Դ˺׿æԴһЩԱָϷΪҡϵһ󹦳
棬ֻһɹܾú׿ùйᣬƻҵԲԭ䡣
ĺк׿۰ֶ籣ΪݼãõҵڿڱõӰʶһĿкһˡ
ֶΣʲôãΪһαմȾϳϮˮڱ׿ҲܲҪ顣
ʱ֪׿ʵѺԼùʶֻǰùɷˣģû飬Ѿȥˡ
ĺƺֺ֧׿͹ùһ
Ը⣬Ųɿڡ
׿ɴתʲȻֱӺͬӣЩƵƵţسֺŸǶ࣬ڶΪ|ˣ͸ɴ|졣
Ҳ֣ܳʹˣҪˣҲû취
ز|ҲӰʲô˻ǿģ֮ǰ㹻ûһҹ
ټĺԽ𱬣һڱϴ|Եķ˿ά£׿ĳ|춼Ϊ氮ԭ飬û취Ľ
˵˶˵ΪŮˣαذź׿ӵλò˶ù
ԭһֶ磬ͺ׿ߵý
͸ôΪⳡԴͷ
һ£ټϺ׿ҲԱȵĵԼ
ֱһ󣬺׿ٴγǰ
ﻹһСӡ
ЦһȰ·һȻ˵֪ңֻˣҪˣںѾ޷飬ҿԸǧ㹻δúõˡ


217  217 
޹ģΪ˺, ɿ飿
Ǻ׿˵˵ģ
Ȼкˣ
αصȵʮ꣬ͱһҲ޷
ں׿ȴ˵Ҫӣ, һŮ˺ӣ˵޹ģ
ü۶ÿ, سü
ԭԩϮһ°ٿĪ, 񲻶, ٱ|һ£ֱҪ׿ǺһŪ
ûɹ
һ״̬ãݵŮ, еù׿ˣŸӡ
Խԭ¥ײԴû, ҲˣԴܵײֲˡ
׿򱻶ųڴ˹˾ļҲһԼĸĸͬͽ, ׿δΡ
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м䣬ԴҺϴιܿһεĻ£ʲô˶׿ռˣ
һ侲˼ڵ
ĺƺصĹϵͺ׿˵ҪĺƵ籾Ůǡ
׿ĺ, ͬ⣿ֱӾܾˡ
˴һ뿪
վ, Ǻ׿䱩, ԭ, ĺԭ, ˵뿪ֻǾѾ˿һ£ûŮǡ
ΪξжԭֶҲ
ԭٴЭ
һЭĺƳŶˡ
óֻƬ˵ĵ绰
Էһɩӣ˵صˣҪҰ㿴ص̬ȣ
ЦлˣҴ绰֪ͨһ¾飬ͬǩˣΪһƱȨҪŮݡ
ƬֱͷƤ飺ɩӣ𰡣ôˣǽԼǮ
ᶨǲԸ⣬ҵԼǮǣ籾Ǿٲã
Ƭˣ
вǳá
ȦС粻ͬˣΪ͵ҲȦʶȦû֪
ȴ쳹ȫ˵磬ڵӻǰۿ
Ʊһı֤
ľ籾ȨʵȱǮɷΪ˱ⱻʱƿػȨͶҲǣ籾İȨҲԼֻǺ;ǩԼ
˫ΥͬҪƵ⳥𣬵ΪԱŷǳӰ죬Ը⵱ĺƵݣƬ˲ͬΥͬʱ˭Ǯָǵͬϲδд󲻿ɸѡ
ҪͷܶԱзգһײϷգ޷Աǵû
ֱ׳ⷬ
Ƭ⻰֪̬ȣҲ˿ǣֺõɩӣ𼱣ĥһºͬɰɣϾĺڸջ𣬻ȸߣ۲ܽѱ¡
ͬˣˬĹ˵绰ȴûֻǲ鿴ԭͺ׿ʲ
ֻܿĲ࣬
Ȳ鿴Ĺˡ
Ҳġ
Ů˶ҵ죬縡ơ
Ůϴ£ʶӼͥԭͺ׿ʮʱѾΪ׿˺ܶ࣬᲻öˡ
ͶʣͶʵԽ࣬Խ᲻üʱֹ
һû飬뿪ʲô֪ڵõ׿ĵǸͱ֤ȻĹһӣɻǰϡ
ǰһֱ׿Ҫȴûֱӿϡ
סԺãǮƣȻûָܻҲûʲô
ԴǴκûԷܰο
׿ˣҶ˵ģҲԣȻǻͶȥûгñŮ£ÿζʱؼңģҲڼɵ»ָӡ
׿岻̫ã걾ûһ粥ֻ£ѾûϷˡ
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Ϊ±˵׿Žɱⲿó
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׿ҲģδӴլģҲǸԤԲ
һóˣΪ֤Լûнɲž
ΪⲿȨԼǧʽΪͶʣΪⲿͶˡ
ɡ
Īø飬һ۾ͿеĲ࣬ɱⲿɵģİȨӦȫԭġ
ǧͶʣһһ롣
ԭʵʸռ֮
⻹׿ƷõõǮõ
Ͷʣǻһģϣ׿ûκη
Ҳ֪Լ״ûһŮһ̫е£Ҫ¶ˣû顣
ԭҲһǰˣôѺͺ׿ʲΪһ塣
ȵڣ˭ĺ˼£
룬ȭͷӲˡ
*
̬ʮּƬͷ۲ѡ
治ĺ뿪Ůʵķǳãԭ˽⣬ܽԭһεĽǺͺ׿ǳġ
Ȼݼϲôǡ
ⲿ磬㾫ϸġ
ڱͻȻˡ
Ƭԥȸ׿˵绰˵£ȻѯʵصɩӵΪʲôܰѵĺߵ̫ǲǻֶӰѵĺеʲô
׿ţͲõɫѿͷ۵̫Ѩһ˵㲻ùܣĺҲû
Ƭɣúá
绰Ҷϣ׿˼ô¡
ǰȣ΢ֵѾ˺ܶ࣬Ҫˣһһǰ㣬ϵúܿ죬ʮ꣬Ѿʮˣ࣬ȴβסİɫ
һ˫Ӷûǰôˡ
ĵһ̣˿ڣ³ɫͻȻ뵽ʲô˸绰
ֶӣΪûӣųֶӵһ㣬ϸ˲پĻҪ˼ɵġ
׿ѡʱ̫á
ʱϣ˳ǰչϲĺƣչʹĺȥԷ
˴Ÿһ˳㻹һ½ô㣬Ȼͽӵ׿ĵ绰ʶΪʲô⣬Ҳûø
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ĺǶڰ䣬˵׿͸ֻɫһӶˡ
˵ʱһۣæһɫ侲㣬ԼʵøǲʲôҹùˣôͻȻ˵ҪŮݣ
׿Цʲô£ǰǳһ𣿵ʱҷ곡Ϸù಻ɳӣһֱڻĺƵĹùãպǰҲڳϳˣˡ
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һĺƤһֻע⵽׿ֵεĳЦЦţ⡣
üͷǸĿһۣЩùҲǣ۸һˣû죬ƽʱĻȻҲݲ£
׿̾ϢҲû취ܲС޹۰ɣ
ͷȻ͸ù˵ǰȻԵòŮӣЦҪǹùòĺݣҲˣ


218  218 
ҵʱ, ڷʰȻٺͺ׿סһ䡣
ԭĶܶ࣬Ǹ־籾
С˵ľ籾Ѹĺ, ʵ, ʵڲͣظ, Ըر, û꣬ŵ˾ˡ
ţͼһݸͷԳĿõЦݡ
Ǹϲˡ
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һ, ԭ籾һɫ˲ٷ˿֮ԴãȻĵϷклҲһֱѾ˵Ǽˡ
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ҿס, Ȼӿס
һԭƵˤ¥ˤֲ, ں׿ǮԴû, ռһѡͽ⣬ǵսʱԭһ
ǰ껪õ˧磬û˿Ȱ֮ġ
ûûεˣԭô۰ôꣿ
ţޱĻصڼʰ
δй
СµãȻգۣܿԼù̬Բˣùøպ͹øܣ鲻á
Цȥù~
һϣ
Χԣɵİæʰʰ·
⿪˸䣬ס
һùáøҲûз־ӹЩģΪĺƹùõ£ʹˣùþչţƽʱôƬСˡ
䴽һЦŤͷ˵ҲǴС֣ҲϲأҲϲĺƣȻϲˣȻҪҾ籾Ůݣô򵥣󣬲ߣߣں׿ǰصǰͱҪѾˣǶûзҺȻˣɷҪҵǮ
𾪵Ŀ˺ð졣
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ƵҲô죿ţĺĵţ
ˣĶ˭͸˭ǵù˼ɱˣһϲݣԼӦܣ
죬㶼޷ʵ޷ĿĺƾΪԵԭ򱻿ùãҺĺദ÷ǳ죬ҲĬиõĶԱףˣ͵ΪҺ𣿡
ӣɫ磬ùΪ㸶˶ǵ𣿡
粻ȻӣͷȻǵãùãˡ
ڣĺƺ֮ѡһѡ˭
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ɣڳôûùԴЩ˵ҲҪĺƲˣҲݣ
ޱãǵΥԼ𡣡
磺
ĵǰԹԵʰܶĶķȷһ㶫䣬ȫûлͷһۡ
ܹίˤųȥ
žһűϡ
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Ҳˣ⳥ٵǧ
ǧ򰡣⳥ĺƺⲿͶֶǧ򣬵ʱϣ
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Ƭ˸׿˵绰һֱȣȻЩʵϲ̫ġ
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׿ʲô
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Сʱ󣬺׿Ƭһڷ
Ȼ򿪷ţյģΨԼ·ⶪɳϣסˣóֻ绰
͵ͨ绰ˡ
ֱӾ͵8127Լɡ
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׿ɫ˳ҡͷûʲô
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ûƬˣ㻹ǵ統ǩԼʱΥԼɣӦǧ߿ԣóΥԼ𡣡
Ƭ&׿
˳׾ʱоһαлҪ֣Ƭ˸亹ðˣɩӣûҪֶӣǮҲҵǮǧɲһСĿ
Ȼ׬ö࣬ɹ˾ֳɡ˰ԼŶӵǮǿɶٰ
ǧóã
üͷ΢һȴڴʱ¶ϣֵˣΪһʶһµĺ˦ȴҪ飿˵ǹֻ֪ͨѡҽԼʱߵĿɲֻǾ籾Ͷʵǧ򣡡
Ƭ΢΢ˣ˵
׿ɫѾˣͺʲô˼ǲǷǵýúһУ
Ҳ⣬⳥ǧֲĺƵΥԼټƸǧƬ꣬Աܻ㣡
׿Ѿˣ¶ˣȻвɣһðɣҲߣ㰮Ĳģ
˵ĿЭ
һƬˣûҲˣȥһΥԼǾ¿ʼ
Ƭˣ
׿Ǻһҧۣݺ뿪
Ͳûû磬ûĺƣҵ˭ģ


219  219 
һעƽ
Ƭ˻л㱵ĳȥ, ɫȻûԶĺ׿ӣѯ, Ѿ֪𰸡
Цһ, ֱӻصʰ뿪
ֻʰʱһ, ʰ, ʱһĶɢҵķɳ, Ȼˡ
ʱأʲôҪˣҪֱ֤ˡ
Ƭ˿ź׿ıӰ, á
Ϊ֪ݣ׿γԼŶӣӸݵ񣬶һ, һߣŶֱɢˡ
Ԥиճֻ֣һ𣬽ӶϢ֣ص˵Ҫ뿪ô£
ƬˣǲǷʲô£绹ĲģصҪǶߣ

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Ƭ˶ϷϢˡ
Ĩ˰ٴתֺ0мλȷǶʮ󣬾һֻظ֣
ʮȻ˵࣬ЩǮֻҪϵһŶӣֱǰĺ
ΪƬˣӴŶӿɲҪ̫࣡
ȦһжǮȻҲǣ֮ǰ֮ôⲿˣڿ̬ȣӦǻƲˡ
ҪܵӦ뵽һĵݣŶˣʲô
ɱⲿֻҪʵʵС˵㣬޷󱬣ҲСһѣôҲǸƬĵ˲һʡ
ݵľƬѡɻ
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һʮ˾ģŮصɳϣ˫۱ȣüͷ
ģ崿ٱ־ʹ״̬ҲǳǻױֵҪֻ֣ǺǰɵڼСģͬʱŮϢ͸¶һɲýӽĸо
һʮҵŮЩżתתȥȴȥŮƤ£ֻԼĬĬż
ʱһȥûϢҪ̲סˣСĺƣҪʲôĻˣ
ĺüͷһšԼҹùãҶֵòôˣھͲѯʣģ˵ģ㡭˶٣صʶֹϵô˵
ѵ֮ǰСùã
ϾǰùֻͻȻԴ˶ǰ¾ڲᣬ׿ǰ飬ֱϻɣ
֧֧죬Сǡֹϵ
ĺЩʧǿӵĺɸ֡
ƽĶۣʵúÿˣǸǵ͵˿ùˣۣɲ˴򣬳һ׵ˡ
ĺưڰ֣ԹԶؽֻ棬ߡ
һĺƲͬؽʵŶʮ壬ֻ磬һ㡣
ԼһСϣҾһ㣬⻷ҲôãܶŮӳбҵȥ򹤣ظӹɣɼ˸Уɼ»ûϴѧͺǰ顣
Ϊһӣӣӡ
ֻǰĸ£ܹǣǰԼҲŬȥԱ׬öࡣ
ֻǻϰسúÿһҵ֮ģ׬ǮˣǰҲûɡ
ֱ׿
׿ƺкøУΪգÿһȥ˹ϵ׽˲١
ʵǴ֮ᷢʲô֪
ƫƫͱ֮ǰһΣصǰҲ˵£ڵͱһ
֮Ÿǰҹܻңʲô
ԼҲȱǮȻ뽫ؼ޳ȥǵ룬һֱƾţֱ˵ֶŮҪȥȦԼ˵չء
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˵ἰ¡
Ϊ׿ͱĵط̫Σˣ
ĺƲùãֻǿ϶ѣòα˷ѾĻ㵽ĺ̾Ϣһָ˼һΪ۸ˣֲûôˣ˯ɡ
šССӦľȥ˯ˡ
ûһĺƵĵ绰ˣġ
Ȼӿ죬˽
ĺ侲ģʵҲţֻǹǿŮעϲǣҲϵһ㣬ϧ
ֻڶߣף㻹û˯
Щأûҹùÿģ˵ҲݣҹøҲˣɿڣΥԼ𡣡
ĺƺЩ죬յüǸˣû뵽ҹùúøǰʶҲû뵽ô⡭Цʧⲿ̫ϧˣϲⲿС˵
ˣĺƵûԹˣûжԾĲֻʧź
ƵԲҲ֪ҹùôġ
ΨؿԿ仰ĺƵɫۿɼֻ࣬ǻ̵ģҲû£ʵҲΥԼأ
ģΥԼǿ϶ģ˵
绰Ҷϣĺɫų¶ε衣
Ϊ֮ˣҪĿɲǼΥԼ
ôŬμԾ뾡취ⲿԭеŮݣΪǴⲿĶ϶ˣ
һⲿжǿʹ󼶵ĳ棬֮궼˳ԽΪǴŮ磬ŮݸֱӴһСǣһԾ˵걬ŮǣһֱԾӫĻ
ĺȥ֮ǰǸŮѾڴӫĻվˣ
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ע޷ⲿĺ
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ϸһǵŶӶˣ
ĺ΢̽ĸ緢Ϣѯʡ
շȥԷͻˣҹøù˲ɣһߣŶӵ˵ȻҲˡ
Ϊֻ˵ŮݣҲ޷齨ˣⲿ磬ٿ
ĺϵת磬Цһ¡
Щڴˡ
ԼǱ磬ǵţŸΪ
ôеѡŮݣ˵߾ߣҪôڣڳʲô
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˿֪Լ˵š
һҹ£ȷʵͦ۵ģһ񽻴ȥ˯ˡ
Ĵ̣ſյȵĵطŴǸϲִ
ڶϰ˵ͱһͨԭҶһ绰ѡ
սͨԷͳɤźԲۣǾʲôˣݵ񡢻ݶˣǻ˦ϣ
ûظ˻ѹ󣬲˵˦ҵĹҲĺƵдľ籾Ůǣͺ׿ҵľ˳ĺơ
Ҷüʵʲô
żЦ˵ǵǰ׿ڻͱһ𣿡
ҶȻӦ϶ǵãҶҲȦڵŮǣľΪѣ֮ȻΪ籾ʣûٺǵĹϵãǰҲǼǵõġ
ֵͦ绰׿ûĳ졣
õ񶨴𰸺Űݡ
̵ں׿ϵŮ˽أĺƵ׹ùãھھչҿˡ
ܳҶһӾŭˣΪߣ׿ΪŮ˲Ÿֳɣ̫ˣ
ŭҶǿ侲˵ûŶ̫ùˣѵһˣȥҰŶӽ㣬һô
Ȧ̫ͻˡ
ֻһҶܵġ
ЦһûоܾҶĺ⣬˵绰ȥ΢鿴
һ㿪ȻѵһȻǡƬõÿá
оܺЦҪ㿪Ȼע⵽ѵϪܵЬ
Ϫ
ֶ˵ͦϤģΪڲ֮ǰ׿
ȻãֻΪʹʵѾʱˡ
˳־͵㿪ˡ
һƵ֣һݸŰ׳ڻ񱼣Żͨ棺sg1728ǰAеϪ쵽㲥Ѹ١
һƬЦ
Ƶķ˿ЦϪϷɣºˣֱˣ
䣬񱼵һģϰЬֱӷɳȥס
һʱֱ̣ӽӲŵվԭأǱʩ˶
ƵﱬһЦһ˿æЬӼ
ſֵϹлȻЬܵøˡ
ҲЦˣƵֹ˳Ȼһ
ôɳͦʺϡɱǰ
Ȼгԣ


220  220 
һʵ
óȥ, ֪Ϊϲͷٳ, żǴſ֡
ı, ֪ľ籾ҲԱ֮ء
룬˻ܾ
ǲһϪ
ϪԳƲҲȷʵˣǵʱڲﵯٲҲ٣Ҳܶ, ûһ˹ĸ, Ҫǩ
ڶ, ǰܴͬ
һ, Ȼˡ
Ϫ΢˿Ѿǧ, ѾƵһܴˣϾʱ꣬ٿ΢ϵ, һ΢ʮۣʮĵ, еĻ
ıǩǸ֣ûԱҲר
ɨһ, ֱӷ˸ʼȥڳ
ⲿŮǾ, ʵûҪҪ̫, ͺá
ѡ, ָ˵ıĺ߽ɫŮԱʼ
ȫãŵ㿪Լصĺ΢鿴
һ򿪣һӪŷ΢֪|͸¶ҹݱ޳ܣݡһϳ飬ڴġɱ飬Ѿһտǣ[ͼƬ][ͼƬ][ͼƬ][ͼƬ]
ͼǼ΢Ⱥĵݣ涼ôŶӶ˳ˣŮҲ˳ˣҲ˳ˡ
Ļ̡̻
Ƭ˻ŬȺﰲôҲҪ롣
ϴҶû˵ʲôЩͼֱըˣ
˵ģȦĻȨС󲿷ʱҪΪϵݡԱҪ󣬲ͣ޸ľ籾ƫƫʵҲǱģΪôд˲⡣
ֻǲһġ
λͷǳһһͶ˵ͬʱǱ磬ֱܶӾԵ顿ȥ÷ǳе
һ㿪ȫǣ||ۣڴôõķɱ͸
ǰɣ裬ô飿
ȻԱصģȵȣҲ˵ֶӣǲʲô᣿
ʲô᣿ˣҼҸΪⲿ׼˶ãΪһ仰ûˣŮǲǸǰˡ
ʵң׹ùãȻ۸˵ԼҾ磬Ƭˣ
ЩȦѰˣûʲôٳٲҶȲˣϢѣԲ߰Ҷȵżˣ
ʧЦأڸ㶨ŶӰæɢһ¡
õģ
Ҷصúܿ죬Ȼľ΢ǰעţʱˢһ£Ȼµ΢ˢֱӣˣ
*
ҶһûˣһϴһŽϷô
ϴһ绰绰Ǳߵǳ飺ãϪľˣ˵Ϫɱ𣿡
Цеԣп𣿹ֱǩͬͺá
û⣡һڴӦ
˻ͲǱƺһ±Ƶ磡һûݹϷҪǸ˼ҲӴҰɣ
ûסЦģɫݳ͹ˡ
һŻͲƺڶǱ˵ʲôֻסˣٴγ֣Ѿܶˣ͸ûˣԵԵȣͶƱ
áͷ˵绰ͽַȥ
ŮŶҲ绰ˡ
̬һϪһ飬顣
Ϊⲿ翴Ķ֪ŮԱѺá
*
ϰ˵㣬鷳һ|ҹû˯õĺ۾ֻһϰ˵ˡ
ֻĽ;˵¼
һǽߵ෢ģѸ㶨ˣǲų֣˰æƲһ춼ˡ
ĺЦЦ˳;˵棬ͿЩ˷ϢһʶԱҲⲿʶһЩˡ
ѯǲ˱类ˡ
ĺû㿪ǸҪĵ㿪˵һ£ҲͻȻ˵ҪҽԼֻ[Ц]
ǰûϵġ
ľҲ֪ѽ
ظˣõһѰοŴ΢鿴
顿棬滹һ֡
´ϣܶ˳ԹϵľѾʱǽ컹ǹգ˺ܶ࣬ʹ˯ʣϣҲˡ
Ե㿪۾ܿһˮɣΪ˵ûУ٣Ϊֶӡɷ뿪һͬ⣬϶ʲô񹲷ߵ£
ʵ˵һʼĺʵûеġ
ǸСԱͲһ磬һ Ƭʮ򣬼ȫ˼ȼ 
֮Ϊ˵ȴⲿһֱûֱˣѡ˸˾ǩԼ˾ˣʵϵٵÿ
ˮȵ񣬵ʱ򶼻ͷϣδķֳۡ
˺
ֻԡɱⲿڱصãѼƻõģ⣬翿ס׿޷ΪѳšɱȨı޷Խĺ蹵
֮£ֻҹ;ţۣЭ
ùÿ϶˵ѣͺ׿û|ϵǾʹվסģ˵ù˼ɺ׿ӣײҽ¹֮ڡ
ټֻʣտǣ׿ŵŶ뿪ûԱҲĲˣͲĲ¡
Ҫ֪һ粥̸ַʱԣⲿ縶̫Ѫϲһ硣
᲻÷ɱֱز۵ģ
ĺ䴽һЦȻ۸Ǯõⲿ磬ֵõģ
ţˢһ¡
Ȼԭúõѱˡ
顿Աߣһѣ塿
ȻȵԭĵҲıˡ׿ݱͱӡ
ĺãȻĿͻȻֵѣһɲõԤг֣æ㿪ڶѣͿӪŽͼ΢
һ£ûа飬ĺƣ˶Ըȥ¼Ϊ֤ĺƣΪ׹ùɷǰǰͱףͨԲ֤ǷѾʵ֪¶жӰ죬ҲΪһҪ˵ֶŮҾ籾Ůݡ[ͼƬ]
ͼǰͨ׿ͱӵš
дĳӺͺĳȾһʱ嶯ŵӹ¸ؼλͱһ£ɹ˺ﱻʮη
ͨSеĹ΢΢Ҳûɾҵõ
Ӫ˵΢һɾˣ󷢲΢û˹ؼۣɵʱ˺űѴڷ˼⣬˿š
΢һ֣˽ͼΪֱӱѡ
ĺƣ
һ𾪵ͷĿѣԴÿ۾֪Ѿתˣɾ͸㶨ôǮ¡
ԲǼʣĲȻǡĳޣ
һŭӿͷĺƺæϴ·Ĺùãͺãǰǰô˵Ȼͱ˺صǸطǡķˣ
ŵһҡûϵģ
ĸ˵
Ҫ˵ˣֶŮһ罫ߣµص
ǰģǰѾ˴۰ʲôϵ
ĺƵۿɫףֺõĿԼĿ¼વˡ
ˣǺⲿԵɡ
ھ͡
ϣ׿ˣ
˭뵽ôݣֱӰɷѿ¸ˣȻѴֱ͵ȫǰ
һ£׿ֱӱڳϣⱲӶ²ˣ


221  221 
ʵϵ΢, һֱҶҲֱӱˮǺһ棬ٹһˢ, ΢ɾ, ٳֵǵڶ棬ˡ硯ȴʵ档
ɾ΢ӣһùQѼؼУԷĽͼתͶȵȣȶԼȥˡ
Ҷ̸ŵ, 绰ѯҪ΢ѣ
ǳ϶ĵͷ, ԥԥȥˡ
̫ˡ
֪, Ӿ㶯ǧ, ӰҲݹ, üڶеģȻǰͱͱӣ
˵ʲô
İеǾ仰ʵ, Բ֤׿Ѿײˣ
ؼ⻹Ǻ׿Ա
ѲŶû취
һ̫ˣ
Ҷ, ȴܵ
ԭӣԺ׿һ鶼ûУ˼Ҫǰûб޸, ׿ڶѾȦ޴ˡ
΢ȥӵʱ䣬ٴˢһ, ¾Ͷ˺ü, Ǳ΢İ͸¶Ϣ𾪵ġ
˺ŵķ˿, 󲿷ֶ׷öķ˿ɷĺƹùõɷ򺦵ò˵ȫеͬ飺ҲܣɱҪĺݣһ飡
ĺݣ
ģҲԸⰡúõɷˣ鲻ǣҲǣܲʮأ
Ҳ˵ĺƹùǰ£ĺʲô°ǩ˺ͬôãͻȻˣҲ̫صˣ
һ˻ظΥԼ϶İ˺ô
ʥĸ⻷Ϲң
ιǶ֪ǰ׿𣿵ֵͦģҲǵãĺǰøΪʲôΪ׿ñӣΪ˱һŮһƵȥӦĵݣ˵ÿκ׿ȥùãƷƷϸƷƷ
Բۣ¥ϱܣ˵ϸ㣡һ治֪
Ŀյ۵˸ޡ
յ꣬ˣһ໣ˣԲۣҪҲ̰Һڷ֣ҪǶٷ֣Żˣ
yueˣİ˵׿û𣿡
ЦһͲˣˮѾˣûٻƽ˽»Ů¡
΢ӪҲѳϸ𡪡ţ𾪣֪ʱŮѡΪΣ
Ѷ׿շ͸¶׿ǰˡ
ЩӪУвŵҲע⵽һ㡪Ƕۺصٻǲ٣ҹעΪʲôĺƱѣ׿ô뿪ˣ뿪Ѳɡ
˵ˣһˣȻƾ֮ǰǾͲ뿪ģԼĴֶӺͳ˵ֶŮˣһ𷴿ԼܲⲿȻǴŮҪǻˣõɲ٣Աأ
ֶ˿СһݣõݴŶӺӾѣ
һʱĺǲ˽һҲѡ
̶һСʱȥѡ
Ŭѹѵĺ׿ˣȻĿðһѣ޲ͷء
*
˭뵽ôݣ
׿һ类΢ʱˣĳˡ
˲Ǯȥѡ
Ϊ̫ˣǮȥһѺò׿ʼʧȶȣһˣǽȶȵٶȶȲȶȵٶˣ
ԽԽ˻֪֮ǰҪٱͱһΪĹܻڣֻᳰЦˣ
űŭеĵݣҪɩ˵һɩɾ˰ɣ
׿ǰһѣΣм顣
ҹע⵽þ£˳˰ѻֱӽ³ˣЭ
˭֪ˣյԼ
治֪ôݣȫûὫ±
ʮ꣬ǰӲһأ֮ƢһֱܺãάڳŮ֮ϣҲû
˭֪һǸը
׿вԷ˳飬ºˣȥˡ
Ȼߵ̫ӲˣЩ
׿ƽ˺һｨ裬ĵ绰
绰ܿ챻𣬱һŮ£
ƮƮһ䣬·һ㲻ʲô׿Ǹѹµŭˣͺ㻹˼£㷢΢ʲô˼
Цˣ尡Ϊҳ壬ܲұɣ
Ҳð˵˵㻹˵Ƿʵֱ꣬ǷˣȻ˵ҡ˵ҡ׿ܻҪ𱸣Щô˵
̫ˣ
˵ⷽǿҡ
ҲһĵݣĵͷϷżϸսĿ¶¶׬ǮҲ׬ȫ֪ؼλͱһӻ˵ЩպˣҲû˻ˣ
޹ǲǲС˵ôԼ
˵ұͱ˲˵Ҳɰ׿Ϊ򵥵Ի·Խơ
Цҡͷǿɲɣ˵ѣҴС֣׿ҿΪ㱨Ϊһ㲻غ
׿Ĭˡ
˵ǲصĹᣬϲŮˣôǺǸˣɷ
ֻЩܸ˵
Һ׿֪ԼѾûгҲȫУ˽ԹˣҲû֮ǰ˿ڻʹ
ܺ飬ȥҲûô
˼Ƭ̺󣬺׿Ҳˣ΢һ³𣿡
һɳϣ̵ҡͲ
ܳ
׿̧žͺһɳҪˡ
С
̼ĶѾػǰ״̬ǰ곡Ϸ̼һӲӲɲкô
ֻѡҶϵ绰Լ
Ϊ˵绰ܹһ㣬ȻŹʮӣƬ˾źͬžƸõʦˣ¶һĨڨЦص˼ˣǸɩ˵ȻҪ˳ǩԼͬΥԼҲðպͬ
׿һڣһͶˣ
ƬСɩ˵Ҫ˳˵øɾһ㣬һ
׿
ݻݣ
Ƥ飬ˣȥۡ
ֻǽŲŶһ£ͣˣͷЩη壬ԼѾ˳ȥҪڣһ뷴ΥԼǮҲǷ޹ͬǮҲû¡
ȡɱⲿ׬ǮˣʱǮҲһݣ
ҪǽЩ
ͨЩ׿Ц֣УҰɡ
ƬЦ˻ֻҪ˶ǩˣõʮ򣬼ֱ׬Ǯ
*
һæµ
Ⱥͺ׿ԼŶ㣬ٻ硢ĺơ
ҪɶˣΥԼǰֵֽģֻҪǩǮͺá
еû뵽Ƥ֮ǰݵĸù÷ŻݣΥԼȻۿɻҧҧǩˡ
磬Ƭ˾ųɹǰ
лҪģһ׵ĵŶӡ
Դ⣬ƬβȥˣõҲǷ޹ͬƲۣͬǮû˿׬ܱˡ
Ƭˣͽӵռ˵ĵ绰
ԭͲСˣ绹ʮ꣬˸ĸ͸󣬲ЩڵĶ֪ϵ£Ϊĸɩɩȴһֱעš
˳Լ£ǵһʱ͸˵绰֪縶һӴΥԼ󣬷ֱըˣĸ׺縸״绰С
绰ǳȷͽ绰Զˣ縸ɤžͺţô°ֶӣȻϳ鲻˵ҪôΥԼ𣬵ôչģô
ҲȶԷ˵ˣˣһֱûʣô˵
ҲҪлῪڰ
ɫڨڨռҲʲô󸻴ģ׬Ǯź类ŽȦҾ׺ת
ΥԼǧ˵ְ
˼ʹòˣǱԹⲻ˵ʲô°
Ϊ飬˭֪ҲͦĻ磬Ҳ˵ʲôӰ
ɻˡ
һίùãСҶ֪𣿿ҪһŮԱȻҪͬˣҲ֪ɫϣǿùˣȻ˵ݣԼͲݣô죿ֻóȫˣϾô
˵꣬ԹԵһ䣺ѵˣ֮ǰôãĹεӣ
񣺡


222  222 
һʱס, û˵٣ͷҲô㣺绹Ǹ, Ĳ, ҲҪôΥԼ𰡣ǧ򰡣
ʮ߰˵ĺӣͦСġ̾һ䡣
ߺһ
һЦ޹Ҳû뵽ľ͸ˣⲻͷϴû뵽Ϊĺʶһµˣôۣǰɡ
űһһĵ, ﷢, ҧҧ, Ҳֻһ䣺, ΥԼܻܲ
ҡͷ, ǮѾ˾˻Ҫȡ, Υġ
⣡ˣǳɲ
, ˣҪģһ, Ƭ˾ѾǩһҲû취Ƿǳ, ȴЦ, ȻڶŪԷ
ԭļˡ
·ڶüСʱ, ֪ʲô£Ǿ֪Լ˶ίȴûһʲô
֪ԭĸǸʲô̬ȣɴȻҪԭָܹͣ鲻Ǹһˮƽġ
ܺãҲٹԭͥˡ
ǱڶʮֻŭѾǶģǶġ
ȦĶ֪õľ籾֣úõĶ͵ǰˣƿΪ˸ʶһµŮˣˣ
Ѿ˵ˣ췼绰ЦŵҼԲס㣬ϣɵӣ϶ǱŮ˺ˣ˺׹ùñȣ϶ѡùð
ŶðЦĽ£ˡ
ִƾգոⷬŪֻЩ˵ԸԼһ¡
췼ȴʱи£˵÷ìˣ÷绰ˣ˵֪ˣַ˽ŵ̨ϣ϶ÿɩӵø˵һ䣬Ƿޣ±̫ˡ
⻰췼Լﻰ
ǼĶҪʹǸҶ䣬Ҳӡ
Ĳ˵ڽŵˣ
Ҫ÷զؾͰˣɺ׿֪ݣպ绹ҪָøģɲֳС
ҵ΢¿ɶͬͦõİ
췼Сôôˣûʲôð׿ܺÿԺദһӵ㣬иˣܺù
Це˵ô϶أٶޣˣҺھǸޣû׼ˡ
飿췼ֱӾɲɣඪ˰˵Ҳûʲôǲ㻻Ů˼ǵݣһ£϶ֻ᲻ð
ΪˣһҪʲô곡Ϸܣ
췼һ죬ĵǶϷˣզ֣
üҪҸµҩҲͺ׿һܽ𣿡
Ȼɣ췼Ҳûķ
ͣ
һЦ췼ǺˣͷƤ飬ٷɿǶô飬ûҪΪ飬˵ˣϿ϶ȥԺҶûˣ
˵Ĺ˵绰
˵ʲôӲˡ
ȵ绰ˣ췼һʱ׿Ϣ÷Ƕռߣûɿڡ
ûᡣ
ȻﲻԼˣҲ֪˭ԼҺá
Ҫ飬׿϶ٸԼɫֻ
һյϢĺ׿λξܾۣؿһ£̾Ϣٶռ˱ϣתһ죬ɳˣѹû
ѹˡҲǴ˿
һ죬ۿʼڴ£⼸Сʱȶ½ˣȻҲǸÿ˶ˣһϣעӡΪ̵һ
׿˿
ʵϣѹѾ͸¶Լ֤ҽļ鱨㹻֤Ѿָˡ
ΪϷˣҲһʲôʣһֱԡ
ֻ治ãһԭһڻɷϴԼģһӷ·ʵˣ׷΢³Цڶڲ
ϽɾˣݺһֱǮȶȣͬʱвסغڣҹĸҪȥκһţ
ֻˣһжˡ
ʵӦþصŵġ
ûû磬Һʵǿɲס
*
ֻǺ׿˼£ƬҲڵġ
һݺ͵֮أ
ΪҪͣʱ䣬˭֪ͱ֪ͨճйԱ͸λƬ˾ʹˡ
һʵݺŮѡõȴǵڶ֪
һ£ӹȦЩףһųһЩʵĵݶûգŮѡǶ࣬ôģΨݣ벻˭
ʱϰ˵㣬һ͵˽׼Ƭߵ׼ȥһʱ俴ˡ
ȵȴһѾȻĽţˡ
ӵˡ
ƬǸŴȣŰñŶ̿ܣǻµŮˣζ˻Σס첽ܹȥҵḶ́ɩӣǸʲô벻ۿԶ໨ǮǲǻΥԼôôԼϰ
һž籾ŷ磬Եɩӣ
Ƭ
ң·ˣաձ磬۲ڳϲһ£̣ˣ
ɫᱻ̣
šƬļᶨ߲ѣͲΪǮ飬ʲôǰ;
Ƭʷҵһʣ
Ҳ֪Լûʲô˵㲻͹ˣǹװϷصķһͲ٣һ죬͵ץʱ仹
óƬƺЩԾʧƹˤһ統Ҳû˿ܣ˵ʲôǾʲôĿǰִ˳
ֻƬѿɫͷͲͷ·Ҫˣͬ飬תעʱߴһ͵͵ľ۾һƬ˵쿴Ǳߣ
Ƭüۿȥ
һۣԭأ۾ֱĿЯŮ
һֲִĹװϣеĿŮ˽ᣬǺЦ߹ӣ·ԽʱմС˵ܳǰ
˻ƬǾޣ૵այˣֱ̫ˣ
ԭʵûϳúÿĿŮȦڵģ
Ϫ߽仰ͷü۶ʱЦոΪŮݶĽŲһӼӿ죬ˬʵһ緢СүƬãϪźĸ֣һϷգ
ϪƬ˾һʱֱ¹ڸֽϪ
Ϫ˼ͷ͸ոյӲͬˡ
Ƭſ룬ϳЦˣãյѡʣǳã˵ϪԴɳʣպҲҪ֮ǰһһֱŲԿԣ
ڴĿŮݡ
ŮݽпĿǰֻһСǣ֪ȺܵͣƬţĨ˷۵ʼˣǿһ£ҽпһСԱ
ƬЩʧ
Ͻһ£ˣҪ㣬ˣһ£ҪǺʣֱӶȥ׼ͬ
ƬæЦҿҿ
ÿôĵأһ綸ȻеݣȻѡ۹ãп̫ˣƮ
һ۱֪룬Ҳˣزúˣȥġ
Ůĳ
ŮΪԭŮһֱĸѹǰոмþٰᣬҲֱӱĸ岻ΪɹԺ
һҲŮԽĵһ죬Զֵĳĺ档
ʱСү˵Ĵ˸طţײŮǰŮ̬޵ͳһѧ
ǣһˤʵǱϪָĿܺãһ
Ѿ׼˺ܾϷ״̬ʮ㣬ֱӹˡ
˵ƬżˣôһˣȻܺãһЩطûĺأżĴչ
ֱӴ򿪻طš
Ƭյǰϸ鿴һ£ֻǿſţЦ𽥴飬ͷ绪ïŮ䡣
ȣһСĿˮ
Ƭ񣬸ϽһǣɸɵģûаҪͼٵ˺죬æֱͦ壬ͷţȥ׼ͬ


223  223 
ȷ, ҲˣŶҲλ
ͬǩúһճʼ
İ¾ȻĽ, ҲûгƬĵ, еݣʲôҲݲֱӵ⡣
ƺϵɿʱɿ飬øЦʱЦʱԱΪȣصĹװ·ƿ, ¶˫, ֻϰ, ĳһ̲סĸЦۡ
ͬʱܻԱ
̨ʡ
Ƭʱ, á²ľǸˣ
²һ, Լͷһ
ʵһθ׿
Ҳ۰Ͱģɱ飬˭˭ͺ찡, ƬҲҪģδ׿Ϸӡ
Īʵ籾д, ϷҲڱָ׿ֻĿܣƮ, ΪԼ汾ŷ
ƬԽԽ񶼳һɿɵӵӡ
Ů˰
Ϊ˰ʲôҪˡ
ڶ˧
һʱ, þ»
ǣһϷ
ƬСĻ, ı±ȥյ, Ҹݵģ˵轻кǣģȵˮˡ
ллӹ
Ƭ²ݣҿոݵİ
ǷAB飬ݴB飬ҲһЩСǱϷݣҪɫϷݣոľŮϷ
Ůմ׽Ѿ߱ЩįʱĹСүһϲ˭֪̫ˣֻ۰ͰվϺι㿴Ұһû
Ƭϲcpǿһ߹;cpбʱžͷŮΪСүģ͡һЦįü۶ʱǺӣҲЦ
Ӵĵÿã
ոջһСүǱ²ľͷʱ;ŮһЦǡôģûĵ
û뵽Ѳ׽ˣ
һʱƬȰģ̹һĻϷͷ˵յи£֪˭͸¶ȥǾ黻˵ݣǱ統ݣҶ²ۣҪҪʲô
ڰ֣ãԽ˵ǾԽȶȡ
ǺðɡƬЩģ˵ôϣһãҲҷԡ
ɴ಻΢۲Ĳ
ȴԼŮױպˣϷȷСƬѵȤƬֻϡ
ƬյŮȥ𣿡
أ
ƬϽҡͷȻǣϹģңȥ
ЦЦùԽոһĻмò˵Ϫֵĸߣױ֮˧ۡ
ڿֵҲܺãؼݼȻӳ죬һһͽᶨֲƤŮݻˣ
*
Ϲڡɱߵһ۵֡
üû˯õĺ׿ｨСĵĴ΢ľҳϹڡɱ統ݵ¡
õۣԼҲۣҷǵһأ
Լݣѧ𣿵ͷɱͳǷ޶⣡ˣ
սҿԣҪԼˣʲôݰ粻𣿡
˶ǳ˥ģڡɱĹ㳡вܵ΢ԣҪһõƷ
˵Ϊɷе±º׿ˣȥ׿Ǹȳ
׿ɫǺתһЩ΢Ҳûôηˡ
ǰǺһֱϣڶҳȥˣܾһȥ˿Ŀⶼ˵У
Ƕĳ谡
֮ǰӲصĺ׿Թ
ʧˣαطҪ֣־ˣҲˣѵ֪ܿ𣿷ǵô̼ô󣬺û
ڡɱɲžҥԵɱҲûˣ
ҪĽ
Ȼˡ
Դ󣬺׿ٲϷֻƬ
ܶ䴦Ӧ£ҲֻҥԣŶĲԣܱ֮ǰЧܶࡣ
оҵ
֪Ҫʲô޷Ҫ֤û׿ҲԺܺá
׿ҪǻݻɣԼĳǸЦ
ֻǺ׿ͬҲҪ֤ûͬ㣬ΨڽĽռ㹻ĵ
޹ϵѹ磬뱻ѹ͵ȥѹԷǸˣ
׿¼΢ҲֻΪ˿ڡɱţ鹫
⼸죬æû찵أֻΪһ顪ҴʱΪ㡶Ȩڴһεĺ@@ĺ@
΢֮һֱעعԱҲһʱæת
һʱ΢ٴӪŶѶĬЩĺ׿һ־һµľ飡
ڳԹϵǾһٿ֣һϲļУ໣̨ˣ޴̨̫̼ˣڹȻû
ʵķҪ˺𣿶һ鹫棡
Ҷĺ׿ӮһõĵݱȺõıҪ̫ˣ
ϲ磬֥ϣ
¥ϵģǷ˿ûǸ绹ĸĺӰԸôõĹùą֮̃ǰ磬ι˹
˵Ϊ˺صģ˵ôãˣ϶ʲôõ¡
һ˶ӮԲۣǶûɱ鷢Ƭcpб
ˮ
ˮ߿ҪҴڸУ
ܳҳظոյĻĺÿǿȥеŮģģ
׿תɫٴ̣˳Լ΢ҪȥͿϺȻţɱ Ƭ
üͷšúֱ㿪ƵʱܸʲôδݹĸնĵˣôĳõĶ
ֻǸյ㿪۾һŮӵıӰ·ֵ̬ʤĸоǺį
ʱĵطڰһˣΧжʱˡ
׿ͷ΢ͼʱһţι㿴Ұ²ˣ
ͷȻתһϣͿһϵ꣬ݰףüżǱȴ͹ԳǷ
˼ЦЦ۵ȴǱŶŮӵĹģ~
ôߵŮӼϱ׾С̽ʼ²˵ӣЦˡ
Ƭ̣ܶʮӵʱ䡣
ɿ꣬׿ɫȴ֮ǰѿĸǳȵףѡŮĺʣΪжξ籾ĵݣΪ˵Ĵ䣬ˣ
ֻǸľƬַʱ̣ܶô꣬￴ƬӵˣԲǸˣ
ԴǴ֮ûٺϵҲӸС֪ԵݣȻš
׿绰ѯʣʷɱûбĵݣ
ôĵأû
Ӧ£绰Ҷϣ׿ٴεȥٿһΡ
һС󴥵Ļť
ոտհ׵ĻʱƮĻǵͷʱǣÿСү˰ˣ
̫ɱˣȻϪˣ
ÿÿŮЦǶȣ
أҵСүˣŮĽﻨÿŮѹֵģ
һ۾ϳŮѾ߱ʱ˻ȥ·ϣ֣𣿼ֱǽ־ˣ
ŮҲúÿǱӰġ
ˮƽⲿ󱬣
꣡ϽǸе˿ûҲԣmd֮ǰͺôһδθţȻ֪ˣֻǷ곡ϷǺ
ΪƬһҪڵӻǰ棡
ѵķӦƭ˵ģ׿ƽʱԼҲ۲ڵķ
ʱɫѿҴ˳΢ٿ
ʱĵ绰ҲˣصǱûбĵݣĵB飬ɩӡɩA顣
׿һ֪ˡ
Ҷϵ绰üͷ
ģ
һȻĵģҪ汣ˮƽǷɱɼĻܲ
ŮԶԸе
Ҳһô
׿оɱʵڸıƴˬ㣬ξ籾ʵȲĹϵصѵ˸Ϸϣ
һ룬׿˿
ʱҲĺƵĸϷһ㣬ڵӾϵĺɱϪҪߵö࣬ͲĳĸϷȲһ·ݣ


224  224 
ݵƬ, Ѹٱⲿԭ˿ѡ
Ϊԭۣûʲôѭԭѡǡȸ˿ĵģƬ, Ůֵ, ǡôĹǵȤ
²ԭۣҲ̲סһһĹۿǷۺݣ
ڵ侲󣬴ҹͬʣŮ˭˰
¥ϵģϪ˰Ǹ̳ģɳǰʱڻܵЬӵǸ
Ϫţ, ʱ˸ֽ̳, ô˾Ҳĸ裡
ȥ, ЦˣϪʲô˼ɳ, ̫ɰˣҲ̫С˵ˣ
ŮأŮ˭
ո, Ůǿ󰡣ߵģݵľöܲ
, 治֪ǲҪ磬ѡ, ɱѻ٣
¥ϵǲˣ˳˵Ҿ˷ǳ, ٱʣ
һߵ, ɱ΢ŮĶױ, ʽ@ϪͿ, ڽµŮ
ƬţԵ˵ģԼһһĺա
ֱӷױճܽܵ˺٣Ϊ֮ǰĺƵĶױѾ˲ٻ
ȷƬһcpкٷֻĻϲۣϪ̫ˣ˭뵽˧Ѿʮء
Ҫˣءǰϲˣ˺Դˣ
䣬ױնôѡǰ
ǰɣ̳ȦԴʱ֪ݳʲô
¥ϵϹǸƬ֤ҼɳǱɫݣʲô
ϪȻûз˿ֻкڷۣ
һɫķ粨ôƮƮĹȥˡ
ĺƵķ˿࣬Ϳķ˿ƾУķ˿ϪĶϣҲ࣬ͬȦӵģΪϪǸ̳ģ˿սǿһ㣬ֺá
ȫҪصֶȥˡ
Ƭϻصϵ̲ס̾Ϣһյֶεġ
ŵȦȴֲȦڣʵϸ·塣
ú׿вתߣ㿪ʣƬѣŮѡһαܿѵĻһ
ⲿ磬ĸһˡ
ͬڿѵĺƣڿŮµѡͷȴһ
תתǿⲿ硣
ô˼ȴֻõȫɱľ籾
ǵģȨ籾Ҳ֪
һһŮԱݵģҲǺ׿
Ȩ٣ΪӪ˵ɱĹ磬ֻƫƫʵȫȲˣ۴ϸڻǴӸּı̵ȵ⣬衣
Ѿõõľ籾ˡ
һУȻûôйأ׹ùã׿Ϊ뿪Ҳ֮뿪ķ˿в·˵ָ
ԭķ˿ȴ򱾾Ͳι̣һ˺öࡣ
Ȼ׿̬ȣȨͷɱ̨ʱ򲻹ԿĶŮԱָȵġ
ĺԽգʼԾȵ·
ʱ׿˸Ϣĥһ£Ȩľ籾ϱȲɱϷϿԶīһ㣬ķ˿ҪһЩcpۣЧãǿô
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cp
ûôŵģδֻӲ糴cp֪cpĺܶ࣬Ⱦ粥꣬˵һӪҵٲcpҲһ
ĺЦŴ֣ҶԵģһϵݾ
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Ƭһڴⲿ粥
ɷɱǵӾ磬һǵľ磬Զ޷Ѽġ
Ȼ㣬֮࣬ǰֶ·һ
ҶʱҲɻ
˵ѳ˵ݣһαˣÿˣ͸Ͻ̽࣬ҪǸʲôҪǲУܸһá
ֻǵʱȴǺԼȫһĳ
ŮŴ˵ָŹԱóʲôվһԶԶע⵽
ö֣һ죬һȺָӵ÷ǳá
ÿҪʲôǳ
һŻڳã߹ȥĴ𣺡¼ģԷڵʮʱйдСүԺģ
Բ˼ͷϽܹȥһ衣
Ҷˡ
ʲôʱôˣ
ܿ쳡úˣʼ㣬ֻᶢĻŴȺСү۾¿
ʱպŮСүⶺŪʱֳԸϽ£ͷǽëͣĲ͸¶żֽţȫһİŮӵչֳˡ
һٲԶȾͷ
һ£˶˵
һϷʮβŽ
ʱϢһĴתƣע⵽Ҷ첽ǰ
ʱҶŻȻǰӭӹȥϵЦݲиʱĵģ̫ˣǵģѡŮҲ治
ЦǣôҲ衣
ҶƫͷЦɫҲˣҾͷˡ
գۣˣͱˣгϷȱĽɫҿʹһ£
ð
˵ЦߵϢҶΧֻмݣǻȨӣӪŴһͿʼȷɱˣҿôһֱû
һЦһû
Ҷ⡣
Դ򿪣ѼõƵҶ
Ҷ㿪Ƴһ£۾ˡ
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Ȩھʮһա
˷ɱ¡
䷽΢Ĺϵ죬Ӫǲǽ׻Ϊ˲ȶȣˢˢʼ΢
ջȨŮױѷֵױԱһױվͳcpУ[ͼƬ]
ȨڽhӰӳǿϤȨԭ籾λִ֪լȨɱ¡
ȨտݶǳĴӷɱ뿪ɴݺ͵ѡϿȨⲿȻп㡭
˳ɻ˵˶ˣҿܶΪˣȨûԭ籾ҶԾ鲢ϤҲ֪ôӪŶ˵ɱŶԽڷɱ϶ǻȨӮ
ķ˿ĺƵķ˿ԼһЩԵ·˶ڻ
ȿʽ·͸Ƭ˧ĺƵòǿ޵ĵ㣬Ҳȥˡ
˧ȸڵͺÿˣ
ĺСÿ
ȨyydsڶгһСˣŮûһӵĶûУ
ɱķ˿ûģۿȺ˿ʮ˾䶼ȣʱˣ˦֮ǰƬͼǣ۾Ϫ˧ҸƯˣ
˵ķ˿˰ǰͼˣ˭֪ĳʲô
÷ɱķ˿۳嵽ɱĹ΢Ҫ·͸
ɱԴϴ¿ʼ󣬹ϸһЩжĲʲô
֮ǰҲÿȥҪ·͸ֻǷɱ΢ûӪҵһᣬΪҲ˭֪ڻȨԽ֮һһְƬ
ʮӣͱѣȨһƬ
ɱķ˿꣬һ֮ǰԼߵˣѽôԼľ磡
awslƬʸУƬһ㶼µĳģ֮ǰ׿ʵǱٵɣ
ո²۷ɱأб¿˵
һոΪ˻ȨǶʮּҵĬĬһأٿ˵


225  225 
ʸ, ˭ġ
͵Ӿ磬һʸвãһ۵ĸо
ʸк, ͻһ־ϲҪеĸо
һְƬ, ʱõġ
֮ǰ׿˽һµݣŮؾĲãݶǿõģҲЪһ죬֮һֱ㣬ȽϴڶѾˡ
С˵ԭĸ߳һһһ̼ˡ
Ϊ˱⾪ϲ, ֻ˵һ, һǵһ̵, լӿ, Ů֮䴽ǹལ, Ԥʾż豩ꡣ
Ƭÿֵʱھ͸, һչʾ¼, ʣµľɺڵΧУʱҲҪǻ档
ʱٴλصҵҲû, Ϊ屾籾ԭߣԾ籾˽͸, ӵӦ֡
һе, ʹһõʱͳȥ
ıı顢顢顭
ⶼǾ籾ǣĶ
֮ǰŵǹڸ鷽, ɱһҵΪģĶǿcpĹڣЩ̫ãһμľһĵ㡣
δú룬ֻҪ꣬泩ĸо
ǹ΢£ȫǣ໰һ뵽ⲿ绹Уͺʹ࣡
Ȳ뿴ˣ㣡
ҴˣʵǵġȵӾĵݰɣأЩַþ
¥ϵģ˵İͦеģַһµݰ̫ˣ
Բ𣬸ոΪȨ²˷ɱ绹̫ˣԣݿɷǳɣ
һʼǷ˿ǵĻȨķ˿عҲ߸УٺһƱ·ˡ
΢˿ˮǴߣֱһֱһЩˡ
Ƭ΢Ҳ򣬻ڳ
ܴﵽһ㣬ԼƬˣ
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ΪȨĵݣ׿һɱȥʽϣĺƺˣʣµҲǴϤģò٣Ⱥҫȶ㹻ռѣΪӾȶȡ
ͷɱԴȶȣڴͬȨûԭһۼƳΨһʼƣΪ֪
˿ʽ֮ǰ׿׼ϸѣȿŸǵһ˿Ȼȷɱһġ
ΪɱͻȨһʼǵжԵģȻ߻ȨıƸ
ʽ׿ϴ֣æô𣿵ڼ
ɫĵͷϡˣڶ
ôŵڶ׿֣ѵȦʲôϣ
Ҫ֪ɲǳصģĺƸջȻ֮ǰ±һҲڣټôԱûֻѵһ
ֻϣ׿㿪ͿѵһƬ
ͣ׿ЦˣͷһƬѣδ̫ԣ
ֵ㿪һתֵȴǡɱ΢
ţ׿ɫԾˡ
˶ãָƬˣй¶̫࣬Ѵڵڴֵˣ
ƵȥԶţɫһȴ̺ž޴Ϣ̨ʣδ֪ȫòȴܸо̶̵һĻĻϷǱŶıƣǼʸеɫ˻ΪǵӰƬ
ܳ
׿ɫء
ڲ֮ǰصƫˣúõȨı磬ĳ硣
ĴͷɱƴϷ
ʱڣűǸ˲پ籾Ҫùڿǿĵ򲡷ˣɱȻ
ôһֳȨı
ؼô̵ʱ䣬ô
ַ˭ڰɱ飿
׿˶ˣֻһ鿴һְƬҪҳϤĸо֪˭ڱæ
ÿݶԼϰߣЩܹƾɹܿ˭ĵġ
һΣ׿۾ϹˣҲûȦ˶ϣˡ
ݣܹߴٵˣԿˡ
׿񣬹صֻʽиһϷһ㶼ѡܼ򵥵Ϸϣܿź죬һѡŮϵһĻ
һ̬ͷ׼ãԿˡ
æǰæ֪ͨš
׿ڼǰþͷһĻȷûŮ볡Ůһ׼ãaction
㿪ʼǴ壬ĺƱһȻһһŮӴϵ䡣
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ĺæǸ˼Ϊҿԣ׹ĳЩҿס
壬Ϊ׷УٽǿŽʳܲס
׿ֱһŴ꣬صĺ£ǵһϷϣһ㣬һ£оѹ
ڨЦ϶Եģ
һ׼ĺñ֮ǰͣʱҲࡣ
ŮʧļȵĽסͷͣ˽²˸ת̣ټϹķϻ£չֳһĻӢ۾
һ˳׿šüżĳڰˡ
úõΪѻˣڿžһĻϷ˳׿ôҲ˲ܾûס
ҪǷɱƬĳ̫ˣ
ҪɱѶˣ
׿ôҲ벻еܹƷΣ̫ǿңΪ֮ƣΨС˵һһж籾
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ΪɱⲿһˣȶȾʵʵĶȨϡ
ƴ׵£˺׿Ծ籾һ޸ģ֮⣬Ϊ˱֤ܺͷɱһ𲥳ȨҲץʱ䡣
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׿Ǵĺƺ硣
Ϊֶӣ
ĺΪأΪĺ뿪Ȼܷ֤ѡǴġ
׿ʵȦڶĿõģȻĴ඼Ǳдľ籾Ҳȷʵ׺׾ͳˡ
ȻϣǾҪܺһ㡣
Ҳµʱ䣬ɱǰôã㣬͵øץʱ䣬ЩϷݾһδεngܹѹեģҲǴҵʱ䡣
ҹǳ£һ칤ʮСʱѰ
ǿȵУΪ˱֤ȶȣҲһδεĽ·͸ųȥЩ·͸Уĺ˵Ǽʵˡ
Ƭ˻ιʳǣ֡Ϸ֡·͸ĸϷȵȡ
ÿһγֶһѡ
ĺöû¼΢ˣҵ¼΢һƬ
ȶȴۿɼǡ
ȶУɱϢɱ࣬º󣬻ȨɱĺƵͷɱϹ˰죡
Ȩޡ
Ψӵһͨ绰Ժ׿ĸף㿴⼸³ʲôżң˶۲ˣ֪


226  226 
ĸŭ, òС
ΪȢǸ˼ҵϱڼ²żңֱ̫, Ӷ, Ҫ˵ӻؼˣſ֪أ
ΪϱȴӰ
ڴϺɫ԰ףֱϻĺ׿ĸ׵ĻӶ˶ࡣ
Ϊ׷ϡɱĽ, 鶼ƴ
󲿷ֶ׳, Ҳס, , ǰҪλ, ˣֲô˶ǲܶ, һۣͿס, ɱ֮ǰ͵ˣΪ˳ɣӲǿ, ֱɱ
˲ˣҲ˺ܶࡣ
Լʮȴ, ׿įġ
ֱ֮ǰĺݻ, ޷ڵĴ绰, Ҫ֤Լ˶һ˿ŵġ
֮⻹һ㡣
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
Ϊβؼң
ǰԼ˽ǷĵֻҪϴԼǹⱨ
ֲ²ͷ޷ͷ
ֱĸһС
ĸĻõ绰Ǳߵסˣ׿ˣǿǴģֻǺĸĻɲͬˣ裬⻰Ͳˣ֮ǰ岻ú׿ң˵׿æŹ׬ǮʱҲæ׬Ǯô͸ûȥˣ
ĸؿһ£ڲһˣ
ôˣʡ
ĸۣҪǶϱǰҪĸԷˣ˵ôˣǼĶ
˵Цˣô꣬˿Ⱥ׿׬٣ôǼﶥǳģȫҶ긶𣿣
ĸյҲˣԼ˲۰
Ʒʣûңȥ
ĸҪŭȡ
ѾһҶ׬Ǯƾʲô͵һعͥб°׬ǮңлĴϢȥףһ£ˡ
绰ʹ˹Ҷϣûһԥ
ĸŵĿֻֻͷڴϵĶӣɫףۣ㿴ϱôҵģôôأ
׿³һĳȴֲ⣬ĸ裬֮ǰ˱Ťš
˵£ĸ˵һ˵ҾˣϴȻ͸¶Ĳ飬˵Ҫˣ㻹ŲҪ˵һʲôӴϳ顭
׿ĬţǴε£Ҳ鶼ȥˣҪٴˣڶ˼ɣ
֮Ҳʱƽ
粥˵׳ɱֻҪܱһ£׿Ҳ֤ԼûҲĵݣ㣬ؾͲˡ
Ӳ˵ĸ²˰죬Ҳû˼޺޵Ķһ䣺ɣŶȥˡ
СﻹбķòϺĸǷǸϴ󣬻ðǴӣǲܵչ˵ġ
*
ĸ뿪׿˿Ҫ˯˭ϻû˯ţˡ
ڼȥš
ĺƣһͰص֮ǰ岻ôãҹùҵ̲ģ嵭㿴ϲ
׿Щ죬ζȷʵζƮҲû˵θڵ壬ĸùĺöˣҲ˼θڣˡ
࣬ҹù˵ڼҲģ֮ǰͿϲĲˣҪҲ͹ĺЦ˵
ûĺŹùúͺ׿ĹϵҲû뿪
չȻҲǵİæϴ·ƽʱҲƵһ͵͵顣
պãƽʱĺҲһ㣬˶࣬Ȼûʲôĺÿζһȥ׿Ǳߣޣûҹ
׿һǰѾװ͵ֱߣصҲۺˣֲݵʣ⼸Ҳʮöಹпգû
˵ϣ׿ҲͷˣǰҸù˵һлл
ĺƺЦҹùÿϲĵĵӾӰˣҲ
׿һЦ뵽ǰ£صԸϲ׿ҲϲԼĳݣĵжض֪ճڴеȫһ
ֻϧ
׿뵽Լ˵ĲλԷҲ֪ˣ侲
Ѿûʸˣ
׿˵ѾָˣҽҲˣɵˣ˼ˣҪ֪ĵŮҲͰˣᶮ˵Щ¡
ɲأǡ
*
˵绰ڼ
Ӵ󣬼ĹҲǲһ˸㶨ģʱҪľһŶӡ
Ϊݣңȵȣæúܡ
й׿
Ҳҷˡ
׿ײӦûҪǰڣ׬ǮҲһ㲻ú׿ˡ
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ź׿ΥԼĲ٣ʣʽܶ࣬ڷҲûġ
½׽ʱϪᣬ˾˵קҪȥ¸Ŀͨ棬쳤˲ӺյԺĺҰ⣡
ֲ֧ͷ˳ŵã´λ㡣
ϪʱЦòУټ
һĻ·˿¼ϣֱŪѣɳϲɳǣһ𣬸湣̶ʱϪıѾˣ[ϰ壬ң]ͼϪ쳤˵һĻ
ѶʱЦϪ̫Цˣһûżסˣ
ҵһμϪΪǸ˭֪һ죬Ҿף˰
ܿģڴɱ
׿ͣˢ΢ϡϪ±Цһ
ⲿҲֻܿϪˡ
˸û
ǾͲͬˣɱ֮ĺ˾|ʱѣһֱ籣ųԵȶȣǼ٣ѵš
죬ƵǱѾ˾籾İȨA|ͶʣSļ۸ÿİһʮĵӾ磬ǧ
ΪȻһûͶʶ޷ǮⲿȴҲʵʵս
ķɱȴһϢûУԼҵڶΡɱɶҲǳɵġ
統ݣʹٷĵ߰㣬Ļƽ̨˭Ҳ׳֡
һ̣׿ʵѾһġ
ֻǵˢ£ȴ϶һɱ Ƭ
εӰ׿һοƬ֣ƤһѸٵ㿪
һ֮ǰεļˮƽӵƬΪ֣լ顢Ȩıϣӽ涨ŮذĽһϷǽϣһ׺ݵ֣ûʸҵ
Ƭ׿Ŀ⻹ĻǶĻ棬һ£׻񣬱һɫ˼ֱߡ
ˣˮƽ
òĶԵһʦֱͨԭɰɣ


227  227 
רŵƽ̨Ͷ, һӾͿԴ۶ˡ
ɱⲿǱԭͺ׿Ĺ˾ʵ˵Ͷ, ׿߳ȥ, Ͷ˾Կֱ
ʵϷɱĺǺǿģӾڼһֱ˽ӴֻǸļ۸⣬ú׿ռˣҲԭѪˡ
˵ļӳ֡
һֱûɿڡ
ƽ̨ҲɵǮ࣬ǿ, ݾȰ, Ҳϡ
һ, ͵ڡ
ֶ, ֱӲʱ, ˹ķųù΢һӵƬ
ʱѾһƬаʱ䣬ϴι΢΢Ҳǰɱ, Ժܴ󣬶þûɱˡ
ȻһƬ֡
ע΢˶Щ, һעأ
ǰڵĸߵͬڵķɱ΢̫͵, ҪҲǻȨȣҲûҪߵ
ڳǰ, Ҷʶȥ, һ, ׷׵һػصӷεڴ˾ˣÿˣءʲôʱ򲥳
𶨵𣿣
Ϫ̫ɰˣΪŮСľ
ʲôʱ򲥳Ȳˣ
Ů˧ϲĴŮ磡
ʶû˽һ֪
еۣϪѵļӳ£һСʱ󣬾Ȼһں棬ɼƬȶȶ
֮˸ѡɱ
㿪һһ⣬ոƬץӷ뿴Ѹˡ

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ͻȨŮżӳȶȲͬɱʱ򰲰ټ֮ǰ˷粨ƺѾûʲôˣҶΪˡ
˭֪ƬһֱӾɱ
Сʱ󣬶ƽ̨ˢˢϵ֮ǰһĿڵ򣬻ۡ
ⲿһĵۣⲿĶȨ
֮⣬ƽ̨Ҫھ粥ʱõƼλ
ͬǩ˫鶨ڣϵԱЩǱġ
ʱѾٹ꣬һеƺ
ͺ׿ĹϵȥԭļңռǸУȥҲǸԼҲʹ죬ɴǮΣ˳㴴µľ籾
һƻĵӰ
׿ҲĹ࣬ԭľ籾ڵӰϺѷӣ˸ϲ͸ϸڣչһĹ£ĵӾ磬¹һ꣬ɽֵܴҳµĶ
ӰʱȴѾһ㣬ԭͺ׿ⷽ棬ֻһĵӰ
ʮ죬׿ĵ绰ڴˡ
ֱӾܽӡ
׿ٴپܾһιڲͷ΢ϷϢֹûУ궼
ĻشֻһŽͼ
سԭͺ׿Žͼ
֮ǰĵģĵĵһʱ׿˳壬ֻĺ̫æˣùðæЩ֮Ҳ֤ݣؽСһСʱ뿪ˣºܿȥ
ͼ׿ðĻһûˣʹԾװףɻ̲ס飬̬ͣᣬҾûг|죡
ûᡣ
׿̬ȣ㬵ķĸĺƷ˸Ϣ´βҪù͹ˡ
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Ӻ׿ķӦµ顣
û׿ĵߣ飬˫Ҳֻˮս
ִɴ಻ᡣ
벻飬˵ʱûвΪڻǷչҵʱ
꣬ھͿʼˣӷῪʼ
Ӿ綨ѮѮǷᣬǰǸֽĿ¼УɱϪףټƽ̨õԴǺܺõġ
ÿȥһ㲻룬ڿ̨ģżcueҲ̨˵Ϸ
յʱ´ȵաഺ޵СʱҲû£Ǿȥˣȥ֮ŷ֡üһĿȻѻȨҲˡ
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պܻȣΪĻȸߣÿβϺüѡ
һȻҲǴϲˣһֱжԵľ飬֮ǰĻƽ޵ζ̫ˡ
ĿֳӣһȨһɱӱƴӮǶܵõƵռҲǾĻᡣ
βǿͷģǵȽĿʱֱӴ档
̵ϪͿﶼȼڻ档
յģһŬӮ񣡾Բ䣡
ԣһ߾ȫģ
ЦеҲҪϳһŬ
ã
һΪҲαǿ̨ϵĹڣҲҪױ۾λױʦ
ھƵʱͬôʱҲϰԼֶò»ƤҲ˲ֹһ㣬پױʦħ˫֣òٲͬն
ԱߵϪҪһ㻯꣬ڳСʳȻžĵݣǲʲôһֱƫͷ
лױʦŽĿ̲һڣԼЦôˣ
ŮƫͷʱǼϵľȻ䴽һЦˣĵ٣ʮֱ־ƤҲã㿴µĺۼһһЦų|Ů˵ķ顣
Ϫ֮ǰǲ棬ڶȻֱϣ˻ױλñڣܽЩ֮ܵǰյ̫һˣǻ˸ˡ
Ϫ˶٣ЩȣʶҪܿ
ֻʲôƵģֶſ˺ü룬ԽԽ죬̽˵Ҿ찡ǲǼ
ڤ˼룬˼ʼûƣ졣
ҲǰһΣʱױڲ࣬Ҳһۣ֮ʹϿ֣ļ棬ûлױæ㣬ûʱ䴦ЩϵһһױҪһӶǰһˣ̫ˡ
Ϫûϳġ
Ҳ˵ƣ˵ú롣
ļϪǿøˡ
ûĿ˾֪ͨ׼ϳ
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øҪùˣŲЦߵˡ
Ǳֳ飬ϳʱҲһģһ̨ϡ
վߣȨվұߡ
ʱͺ׿˾վұߵ̨ϣ˻δ֪ͨ·ԼԿĶߣУȥˣܿ
׿ˣЦЦ̹Ȼʲôɽŵģ
ûЩѹ˵ʵЩţҹùáǰûҵģԴϴûϵҡ
˵ںܣֻʱŪ˶ѿԷֲԸͷһֱˡ
һ˵׿ҲʮʱϵǰĳҲЩζ
ʵڿɱƬʱЩˣʱ⻰Ҳ̫󣬿ɸǺԼǵΪһ֣뿪飿
ȻҲֵĽ֡
̾Ϣùһ¼ƽȥǸӦûԭµġ
üͷЩųǸ
СûǸùǧǸԸ㺬˵ɡ
ѾĺԼȥҹġ
׿ҪȰһ䣬Ѿڽˡ
˶ñǳ̨֣Ϲڱһϲĺ
պôʱ׿˽ܵϲıͬʱҲǡɱĵӭ
׿ûסŤͷȥ
ֻվм䱻ŮӵŮһɫȹ|˵ĳɢԺüĿ续|¶͸¶һֳ|ŮԵ
ͼв磬һзεŮȫһ㶼̲ˣ
׿ˣٵͷ˿ԼһԱվһһ㶼˰ɣ
һͺøҹùãҵ죬̫ÿˣǰˣ
ʱ˷׷״̨ЩഩǸߣ̨̨ʱһ£ײһһȻסˡ
ҲǴŸ߸Ьûסһߵȥ
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ϤϪȻɴ۾
׿ˡ
òΪ˱ԼǱǰɣ
һ˲䣬뵽겻Ըؼҵĳ뵽Լֳһ㶯ûУ뵽ˡʱϪҲûʲôϢϹöοˣΨһûμӣ
׿ԽԽòԾ˶ˣ


228  228 
Ŀ¼, һδʲôӰ죬˹ѯһȷû, һм
ܻڽ, Ϸڡ
󲿷˶ڼαϯȴϷͷٶߣϪѾȲĶ˵ԭ㣡ˣҾȻôûϳ
ôͶˣ͵һӣ
Ϫһ˼˵ҲǺܺ𣿹˾ҪˣҲҲμӵһĿĿ˽ǵٵƬηųȥ, ʱǶһ𣿺ܶ˶óио, ׷ת, ҵĹעҲ, ֮˽ҵһ׸СƵ, ׸ˣҲŻˡ
˵ֻһССİæ, ɶϪ˵һ˷ֵ
Ǻܴ, ɾôɺϵģΪʱı֣ע⵽, һۣĸҲ˿, , ǸĿ, ҲԺһС͸
л衢һõֽ
һֱˣϧ֮ҲûܶǸŮ˭Ϫ֪һֱΪǸˡ
û뵽ǸУ
ϲˡ
ģһֱźۼ۲ĺ׿УԵ⣡һӵôˣô
׿ɫ̫ã¶žͷҲù
ͲһˣܺãϷʱҲ棬ȫû׿Ǳ߿һۣ·˲ڡ
ȻҲ˼ŷִ磬ûĽǴյһӣ׿ûҵ῿ȥ
һĿ¼ɣԻصϢʰʰؾƵ꣬׿Ҳû˵һ仰
겻ᣬȰȥùõǸɡ
׿뵽ȫԼӣЩη壺Ҫһȥɣ
ڨЦҺĺƺˣҲ׼ˣøԼȥɡ
˵Ȳ뿪
׿ֹˣıӰοЦһ˶ʰˣǰȥ
ٵһھ鶼Ѿˡ
Һȥʱɱ׼
һ
ޱϣҲ
׿һĨЦݣȦһֲЦˣϪ󶼷׷׸кصã
׿ҺͰЩ˵Ըһռ𣿡
ȻԣͷϪЩɣϽ뿪ѽ
ϪСҾյЩ̫
ҲС£յ˵ˣҲȱߣһ
ţϪͷֿ۽յһۣѡŵţһʲôܵһʱ˵ǰյĵƬΪ׿ɣ
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׿΢εĽͣǲˣ岻ãĺһֱ͸ֲûգù͹ģͲһСʱ뿪ˣҵʱ˵ģ
ЦһСʱ㲻Ӧò𣿡
׿ͱŪЩ˼˼Ű
Ϊʲô˼˼һи֮ˣϲìͷ׼Ůˣɲغи֮׽ǶԵģˣ
׿Ƶǻ㲻ڣҶˣ͵ôˣ
һЦô˵Ϊ㲻УǲҸźң
׿
߼
ʶ⻰˲䣬׿Ƕֱҳߣ㵵ĵʲô˼
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׿˵ࡢ٣ǰˣһηͻŵӣÿһ仰һֶϣѿܡ
֮ǰϱ˵¾ѿһǸʱҲԼͼӻûй෢˵ӣ
ȭͷյģҧгݵǲ飿
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׿ŭˣһѽˤڵϣйеŭͬʱ߹ҲУʶһ¡
Ҫ֣ѾˣһֱŵϪԣͿ׿ǰĳݵǱ۸Сһ߹ȥ
顪һ׿ߵڵϣӷµĿͻȻðˡ
ۣЦ
Ϫŵɫ|ȥһû°ɣ
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죡ǰֱסһŤ۳ź׿۵Ţ̌һߣߵײǽϣҴôñʱô˵űһ¾ܲˣܲ˾飡
飿׿ȴЦһ붼룡㽫ɱ׬Ǯң
ЦǾͲ룬ֲ
ĽҲϵˣ׿ôˬͬ飬һ˵ģ֮ǰø׿ᣬʱҲֻνЦЦ
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ܹʲô£
Ӿ粥ڼڿɲôţ¼ƽĿϪԼ˳˸ҹ͸ԻؾƵꡣ
ʱѾ뿪ʱ䡣
ȵ¼ƵĽĿպõӾҲᲥʱƾʵˡ
ӾͶʲ٣ͶʵǮڸ̵ĳʱѾջһ룬ƽֻ̨ŲǱ߶Ժ˾ջˣӾһû˶һ첻ġ
ľǼӴȡ
ǵǸֱɨ¥յȻȨ˼ˣȣŮš
ӿĺƵһֱоĵ˵ò͡һǰһͬһƵɴδĵǣӵιʳ
дȴʵҲ÷˿ᶨؾܾţ·˳Թϲ´ȶȻһֱС
ֱǰһ죬ĺưҹһҹȻֹһˣں棬తţԴżǽǣʵ
һʱ˶ڹע£ʱ΢ֻȨ΢
ǵϣȨײǧ򣬳˸Եķ˿ľ·ˡ
ǵӪǳɹˡ
ڶϣɱײǧ˶Էǧ
׿ǱŵһݺݵɿȨҲһƬ죬Ͳǰٰ칦ˡ
ײֱӷų˼˼㹻ڿܶණһȨھ顢Ů۵Ӫֱϯ罻ƽ̨
֮£ϻȨķɱԵòôۡ
Ƭ˻ŵòУҪ˻ȨӶûˣ
ƫƫʱ˵ҲæȨ顢ȨıһôôǵһҪȷɱ
Ƭ˿İ
ģͷ
Ƭ˰̾ȥˣȻ֪ɱһ˼ľͳԼ͵ķأ
ȻûС
һܽˡ
ڶܽòŵɱĵһ|Ȼֹ֮ǰµķʴʱ͵ǰ˶ͷƤ飬ѡ
Ҳʱɱˮϸ䡣
Ҳ˭˵ɱÿ
Ȩɷɱ˵լȫŮգܿˣˬֲˬ𣡡
Žıƺ÷һû뵽ƫƫ֮ǰзʣоԼֻ̲Ů666˭ھ鿴ˣһֱ̲ӽǴ󺰴УֵܣǴŮСһ
¥˵ĶԣڿˣĻˬë׶ſˣ
ӾĲһģƫƫĽһ|٣ɱ嵱쵥оۼĲһ壬ǻȨ
ûżӳ֣Ȩ󾢶㣬Դࡣ
һǰɱƽѾȨ
ʱһⱻɳˢѡĻݰɣ


229  229 
Ļݰɣ
һרӰӾ²۵Ĳ, Ϊ֤۵㣬˸СƵӳķ
ɱĻһ֡һ֡ĽȻй, Щַ, ǸʲôЩӾӰù
ֱܽݺַʵӰ
ҪǾҪع࣬ЩڴӫĻϣҲԾڵ۾
ؼǻзǳ, ûһ˿Ļ, ĿǰĶʮļ, ڶӦڶʮļ Ĵ|, ඼õ, òϵģҲţδϵģ 
иڲϢ, ˵ݲ˼Բ˻ԭ, ҲԼдľ籾ϵݺľ, ͸¶һ⡪⽨Ϊ
ǵլ衣
ɴЩݣ˾˶, ǵһε, 粻ĵġ
ɷɱĻװ׵Ŀ, ڵϷ
ǲð²⡣
ȻΪ²û֤ʵѴϻһʺţϽֱӾȥ
Ѵһ˶ЩȻĵ٩ѹأҾ˵ô͸磬ԭǴУ
Ҿ֪Ůţģ
Ů񳤵Ưôдģ֮ǰһֱú׿ͷˣ
ѹֺ׿ֻƷʱôŮգ
ι¥ϵģŻͿˣֵɲء
¥ϵģŮͼ֮ǰǲ磬ͨˣöÿ㿴ֵ˵ÿ
|ۣһΪĸǣԭ𣿡
ͼ˵ˣڲԼֵô꣬Ը׿Ůˣú׿ͷҲǲܣ[ͷ]
ѹЦĶǿЦϾ£Ҫ˳˵ģǷһţΪ֮ǰ׿ϷĻҲУԿԼϷġ
ڱָɣҲȫȻ׿Ĺס
ֻǺ׿룬ڿɱڱϮϮ˰˴Լ۳ŲһһͣˮڲסʵڶⲿͷѾġ
ˣ

һսˣʹûеͶԷаˣѾȻôһѴʣֱǹ֣
׿òУؼⲢԼģһѿģͼ٩
ֶڷ
ڳϻñӣ֮ǰѪҪȥˣƾʲô
׿Ҳû룬һʱ䷢˸΢ĻӦ㶼ǱԼŶɣֻ籾֣
ѣǰɣô棿
ôִʹŵĸоİɣ
ѽӦҶо߳ŭİɣ
ˣǲעһº׿ܾĻѾȥˡ
|лˣҪУ˽Ӷ߰˸˰ɣͲüȥˣ
|й|ۣ治֪ȨôôĲǶ˺׿|ǰ
ԽԽƫ׿ͻȻԼ|ѣһ±ƣ˵㵼ǲô͵ˣ
ɫ΢䣬Ͻ֪ͨŶӴһ¡
ֻ΢Ǳɾˡ
ǡ׿ɾ΢ѡ
һͨΪ׿֮ǰĿǱڱٵѷԽԽ֮࣬ǰĵ٩ˡˣ
׿ܳ
˵ʲô˵ʲô
׿Ҳֻұ죬ֻԽҪ֤Լ
ʧˣ϶Ϊɱ籾õԵʣ֪Ѿûпɱľ籾һΣһӮģ
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ڶܵͣ϶һʱ򣬺ܶ鶼ʱ򷢽͡
ɱӿڱʶڴľ磬δıˣΪǱ磬ԭۿǼûôĶľ籾жöˡ
ԭ۵ģҲöΪȥ¶Ȿ顣
ȶۿɼܿʼµľ缯ʱѾɱһƽ̨ͬĻȨ
լıȨǺųƴŮǰʵʵ߹ͷ⣬ǰ˭ܵˣ˵ȨʼӪѾ˹ڵڴֵ
ŴﲻԤڵͻⱩꡣ
ĺˣķΧ˿ﲻ·˾û˼ûǣ𡢻ô׵ӽ𣬾ήˡ
ɱȨ˽֣Ľˡ
ɱȻϷ࣬ɾôһ㣬˿۳ǣΡ
ʱеɳңϪԴɳΧȫ޷ϷֻƵƵЦڿŮڳŮʱֻ¶ĸЦ
Ϸݲ࣬ۡ
Ҫⲿ̨
ŮƫŮȴֲ|ŮӵĳȣǻԾѹίˣһĸооǣҲһû衣
ۿŲ⣬ĺҲЩżٴηųܵţҪڡ
ɻȨˣǵͼԣһδھͲôˡ
ţķˣ뿴ǣһȥ￴һ׸ĴΣܲʵϰ
Ϸɣ
϶ǣȨſȷɱţŮôϷһ쵽ȥȥ˭Ҳò鰡ο֮ǰΪĺ뿪ɱ飬ǧأ
ǵͥãһֱ˳ţ϶ĺƹ|ҼҸ磬û׼Ϸ»Ȩ˽֣
ĺģѪ
ƺ鲻õԭˣһʱĺƺ˵΢һƬѪȷ磬֮ǰһʱӿֲ
ĺƶж΢޿լڼŷͷȥ
Ҳھ˵İ£ݱܷͷؼסţռ֮ǰ䣬ֳҲһֱ˵ͣȰҪΪ˸Ů˷ҵ
ӷ淴ֱԣҾҪһ𣡡
ռܻһĺԼס
ϲĺƣϷôʱϦദܲݽȥ
ĺҲЩĶԷˣԥһͬһˣóž绹ڲţ˾ֱӹ
飬˿˵Ҳû취ˣ޵Ŀޣѷ۵ѷۣصļأһƬֺģò˵һ֮󣬻ȨĲȷʵһˡ
ܹҲãcpҲãʵʵġ
׿Ҳû뵽ǺõģҲܿĵת
һֱЦķ˿Ǹоһ㰲οѷۣ᲻ã˵ֲǰʲô̸ڼҳףˣ
øףˣ˵ǿģףף
ҸҪ99Ŷллø
ЦøˣøûѪԵϵ˸øϾͲǹøˣЦˡ
ᶨƵķ˿ǣ
ǲԾϽȥ΢һסˡ
гƪ۵ָͬ΢ֻһ仰ҵĸι˹
ƫƫ˸֣Ѷķ˿һζ
˲֪Ϊķ˿Ǻ֪ģʮƷһʱдġഺУ԰磬ⲿһڶ죬һֱ쵽ڣеĳɾͣٶĸ
ڣƫøΪĺ˳ùõľ飬ö֮ĺŮ˵ֶŮһպҲҪһùá
ʮǡΪϲ̸ѷ۵ķ˿ǳ̲סˣܳ۲ȥˣ


230  230 
ҪΪϲ, ѷ۵ķ˿Ҳһ䣺ĹεĶ
΢ӪѶ, ùĸӵһ 硶ഺʼһ㽫Դռ 
Щ֮ǰķ˿һֱ, Ӫžֱˡ
ٷ, ·˺øжȱ, ˿ѷ̶ۣ̲Сʱѷһٶ
ķ˿, ЩʵҲ࣬кܶ˿ϴ|Ժ, ʲôǶ᲻÷
ҵֵ, ⣬Ǳġ
Լ˿һȥٿǹΪͼİ˸, ͷһθоֽűǺζ
硭ĺƵĵĺһ
µĻ, ¶һȿ޻ѿЦݣҡˣ
׿ͱӵ˶, ˵, Ǽصǰġ
Ҳ˵, Լ֮䲢ûʲôֻǷ곡Ϸˡ
ΪʲôùûҪ²ţ
οĺǰҲʮ갡, ùõʱҲǱǰȥ, ôͻȻһ΢
ûô, ΢ҲôĶ
ʹŶӵһʱ䴦, û赲˸ϵٶȡ
ŷԭùöôˡ
ǶԷֵϣ͸ԼһƫƫĸĸδΪùҲδ뵽һ죬ֻ֮ʣ˸֡
ĺս֣ҡͷû˭һԼ£ѧʱڣǲϣǴ𣿡
ûСҡͷԼоɲԾֻԼˣԼ˵ôûġ
ĺﴽǾˣ磬Һںһ𡣡
ͷ˽ɿҡͷᣡ
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׿Ҳ΢ˣǰŲŷף΢ͷһ΢ȻòС
ֻǴ¼ĿѾַˡ
˵ʲôƺЩû
ɡ
Ȩôˣ׿ͷ۵̫Ѩ
ոջţĺƹ㹻˵ܳȥһ
˭֪ͳӣǲˡ
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һǲܵ˿ŪҪ·ˡ
Ϊ΢·ΧۺѾԷˣȥɱľ鴴ʡ
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á
СʱһųȦ˵Ĵv΢𾪣ɱ͵ݾȻһȣ
һƪͼĲïĳ΢ӸַнϪǣһо֮ǰ¼ƽĿʱⱻײһ£ϪסͼƬ֮жһȥԷͼƬ
ɱڴȵľ磬ͱֶǻ񣬳΢˲ԹȺѶ
ֻǡ
⣿ʵҼǵ·ΨһܽӴڼĿǫ̃ϣÿ𣿡
ȻЩ׽ӰЩϸĺ񰡣ΣǻԼ˵ģϪȻǸɳ񣬿ɲǶ˭ô׽ģ㿴ǸĿеĽͼϪĺܰһֱ˵Ļ
Ǹҡû뵽ֵôߣվϪߺѷɫȻЩˣ
׿
ֻĻҪĺƵѻ棬òҲ̶ã滳ԼǲǿȻôƽ
ǿǵݺԱǱģ
¿׿ǿһģѵ㣬ѻ飡
һظǣɺ׿Ҳһţ⻹ҵһοţǳһڶ
Ϫķ˿׿һҪ˰ɣ
Ůcp͵ݱ糴ǿ˶Ӧ
ֻǵȿۣ׿ȴľˡ
HUƟϪϢ˰ᱧ|ˣ
̫ţˣ׿ñˣҪģȥǰ㲥ķǮ
˵ϪɶҶԽܣ˵ҾͲˣϪɳᱧ|Ҫǻᱧôã͵Ȧȥ˺𣿣[ģһҪƴɵ]ͷ
ΪϪŮѷۣͦܵġ
ۣ׿΢˵Ѫֻǵˢ£涼ǣ@ϪŮѷˣü
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Ϫ𽾰϶ûɳһ棬Ҵͼ[ͼƬ]
׿ĿԼȻ෴һҪԼ侲
|侲ˣ
İ˸֣ĺƹĺ˺˱༭ǧ֣ͼĲïȴһûԷɱӰ죬ƾʲô
飡ֻ˦ȥײǽϣѳɼꡣ
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Ϊһ飬ϷˣŻɫĻϢһϷۣ༭˸ۺöࡣ
ֻ֣ҲҪ
Ϫﺰյզˣ˵ԼҵģҸ㱨𣡡
ǲٿֱоǰȥĻƤ
Ȼ˵ˣϪڰϣ˴Ӳݴһգۼ䣬Ϫ͹ˡ
ءյô˵ϪίˣǾȻ
ʱҲˡ
ϪҲһţұһҪɵǣյ~
ٿսﻹ΢ϵ¡
֪ĺƹԻȨӰȻ΢ӦҲͦģҪǳԹȺڹڸȤˣͲðˡ
ʱռҴĵ绰
˳־͸ˣȻ
֪΢¡
ģҲԭ뷨
ŮһδεǸܶʱԺ׿綼Ķһδ˺Żᶨǿġ
ÿˣĻᡣ
ԭΪԼͲϣһͿ޵ˣĪں׿ˣԹˣȴ硣
˶ΨˣӦã磬ıĸĸҪǿȴܲĸܣĺһ
ǰ˸֣򵥵ȴԭĵί
ռ˲ȥ磬˼Ҳԭ̫ˣϧ
һϷָͷЩˣ˵Ҳ˰
ȵȣŹҰϪ˳ĺ
ţһ˸Ƿ
ȿȡǱߴһȣԼһСֹյҷˡ
ôôСɻһ䣬ֻͼ΢ϣһͼ𾪣ɱ
⻹Ǹͼ˺һ꣬һЦͦб۵ģ
ӦǺ׿⹷ģ
ϪУÿζһȺһҵûȱϯôҲ֪ôģҪȥԣʲôӦ
죺Ҫ鰡
Ϫֱ׳ѵ㲻飿ǰĵƬΪҲ֪ʲô˼
ˣ϶Ҳ飬ȷң
ܣϪ|֪֮ϵɽ»𺣶Եģ
գֱۣ塣
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ϣϪҹɱݡֱѡ
һεͼɱȺ׿óĲ׽ӰǿˣԿ˯µ꿪ӭŴСŮˡ
ϣôණ
ͬˣ
ѷ׷׸̾ϪǳˣҴ|ȱˣ
׿ջֻһαˡ


231  231 
ѹ, ĵè˺ܶ࣬Ϫķ˿вٿܵģֻʲôʲô˿, ķ˿Ϫ£Ҳɳˡ
Ҷ湣, 󲿷˶û£²ԸĶ½̶ܳƺ˺ܶࡣ
ʱ, Ϫ΢˸Իͼ
ϼ, ʳĺܶࡣ
Щﲻζķ˿һˣԭǳԻ
Ҹôܱÿζ̷˿ĳǿ
˵˲˵, ɱˣȥˣ
û, ȶȾѾܵ˵Ӿ, ˿תأȥˡ
أСүҲɳ, úÿİ
ϷϷ, ΪͲ, Ȼһ㲻
Ϫķ˿Ҳһ⡣
תͷͽӵƽ̨Ϣ, ɱĲֽһС߷, ֻҪסڱٴαҲ⡣
˳Ҳ͸¶һ, ȨĲһֱ½, ĺƵȶҲ, ҪǱס, ûˮġ
Ҳû򵥵ķŹ׿
ϪŪչڣϪɳɹʶԼñɫѾˣֻһ
ǮĺܣһҲֱۣӴǮȥ˰æɻ
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׿飬ûɶ˺һȴú׿Ԫˡ
ΪŶǰ±ĵġ
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ñû˯ŵĺ׿֪ϢѾˣһ֣˵һɩӣùھңͷĿѣ
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к֣мܲ
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׿޶ҲˣֻΪվڵ¸ߵ㣬û²׷׶ʾ֧֡
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˵˼ӳˡ
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ǰڹսкںսпΪĲ֮
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ĺƵĸܡ
ΪȨŮʵһʼҿɱǰɱ˽ֵЩҫͬһɽѹͷ
ĺƺҪȨݺá
ɱʱʱͷˮһʱһֱûȨһúܶࡣ
׿綼ġ
ҲԼһڣڵӻǰò˵׿ЩӣӵҲܺãҶһһֱ볬ɱ
ײĳɱʱĺţϲĶƽʱһ뷹
ɵڶܽɱڱǳĶܻ˶˵ˣ߹Աڹʱ͵͵׷类֡
̫ǿˣ
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һ̣һֱӱܲҿĺƣŴapp˷ɱ뿴һķɱһֵݣȻһĶ
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ԶԶҪǿ
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ŮǸŮȴһӵøãһΧɣҲһֱŮΪִˣȴһ⽨᲻ýѡ
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һûΪŭΪùãǶֶӸݵģ²ôʣҲΪĵʡ
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ڶ죬ĺƹزøˣԼ·ʰˣȻ򳵣ǰһС
Сʱ󣬺׿ųڼſڿŮˣɫ˱䣬Ҫܾ
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|˭ûץʵֻؽ׿ļҲ˶ѣ˼Ҽûͷ˵ĻǷͲһˣ
˶ĿƣͷضŹһ֡档
ȴҡͷֱӾͷ̹Ȼ˵һԭ򣬵ҪΪҪˣǺ׿סɫ¶Σί˵Ͼ⣬Ҳû취̫ϲˣ
붮̯һеˣҲû취ˣ׷ͬ⣡Ƕģ
ĺ׿
ƨ
һλȻ·ó˵ǲǹˣ


232  232 
  Ҫһӡ
һѴʳʱ, 󲿷˶ֿ˻ѷ׷׵٩, ˭ú׿Ǹأ
Цˣû㣡ءôãǻˣ
⣬ֻ̫̫Ҫ, ˭ú׿أ׿УҴڹϣ
׿У˭ҷӶˣҪã
һʱȫ˶Ϊһ湣ǴֻΪŮ˲, ŮȴΪ˼ػ, ԹӤȵȳԣȻ˵, ûԹƺҵй
Ҳƺʹŵ˰æ˵ǿɱ, Ů˾뿪
¥в׿ô˵㻹֪|챻Ϲͱˣãڲ飬Ѿʴˣ
̫ˣ, ҹܺ׿ܲܰǰˣܵȵڻǱ׿һδεŪģ
Ӵ, ôΪ׿ƽǸеģǧнϹ޸ˣˣ
˵˱ֱɾ˷, ˵ˡ
΢˵ҲŮ, Ҫӵ뷨, ֻǲԹӤûҪɷѿó˵ɣ
ԻظԹӤŮҪܶʹ֪ƾʲôΪô˺Լ壿
˵˵ѸӼˣ׷׵԰ҲŮ˸Ӧ֪ԹӤжܣ׿⹷ֵΪˣƾ͵ˣ
һ͵ˣ˵ķǳã
ܳû΢ȻŮţôƽʱ΢ãװŮۣ˵ôŮ˻ˣ
£ǿʱߣΧȥ
һװп͵Ҳɾ˷ԡ
Ļȴͼһ鱻ӪŷȥҲһú׿
ûã׿ע΢
סѸѹٳ罻ƽ̨ˡ
*
ĺƿķչͷת
ȫˣãȻ˵
׿ˣʵԶԶûֳǺˣ÷ǳǸ͵ˣܽӴ˲࣬䲢δϢ
ĺǰҲȦ֪鲻ࡣ
Ҳ֮󣬲һЩ׿죬һЩܲ˵£ԲŻߵĵز
ĺΪһ˲ڳҲΪǰĵ͵ں׿û뵽һʼڣУΡ
϶Ůˣ»Щֱаص˹ɸԼЩȴηˣϲģ˵ʵͬѾں׿ĴϣĺҲϲˡ
ң˿Կ
˿
϶һƬ
׿ȵˡ
ҲһһȦȴøݵˡ
ĺֶŮȦôá
˵һɢ˼ܵľ飬طɱȨ飬ƱĹ⻷ֶ֮һŵݹ⻷ķû˻᲻ϲ
Ҫˣ˳Ȼģϲͺ׿йصˡ
ĺƺļ־ҵһʱֻͣͣŬչһ¸飬סȥ
ȴµ꣬ʱȴƺþûôţЩңҲЩ״̬
˵Ѿüûȥˣӳͱ绤ûܹĴЩܲס
飬ѷ۵Ůѷۡ
ɱ΢İ˸ִ|ģ½ǵĴѷ۵ĲŮѷۣҲ·˶
ǰЩһֱ䣬һˢȦ
һжùøģƾʲô˺󣬻ô֪ܵ׬Ǯ
ĵĻൽķ˿סֱһ룬ͿסҴ²
ŶҪȥǸ׾ͱţԸ⣬ãЭʹȥ΢Ǹһ´ڣⳡĵ΢ƽϢһ㡣
¼΢һһҷ۷΢΢ĸĸ˵Ůôһǣý˽ѵһ٣ڼžŮ˽Ӵص£ֻԶûգͬʱҲ統ǣ͵һǣðȻ̻Сķ˿ġ
òױȰõ磬ֱըˣٲԸ¼΢ǸҲԸ⡣
ֻΪЩЩܲס
ҵĻǶﾭꣿΪǶӦõģȴ΢һ
ĺ֪ԭɣɫӡ
ʵϴ˵ûĻǰοģΪ˵ˣѡԼˡ
ɿĺҲ̲סΣǰȥߡ
ɫЩȻһƫͷĺƣȴʶԱŲŲ
ĺЩܣ磿
񣬷ӦԼʲôεĳ˳ǣǸҡҾЩӦ
ĺһЦҡҡͷûʲô
ץץͷԼһ㣬ɰͰ͵ʣʲô
ĺƳĬˡ
ŮѣȻģֻʻĺĳˣĿʼһû뵽ôܲô
˾εĳĬڿ˭Ҳû˵ģ綼·ߵˣԹԵóֻʼϷ
ĺһ˵磬Ƿְɡ
ֶֻ˶٣ͷá
Ȼ
ء
ĺƷ̵ЦЦ뿪˳Լڳ˵Ԫ¥󣬽ͰɫָĮȻ
Ͳö籧ڴ
һ͸öˣ˳ʱٯٯ澳ʱж
*
ʦ͵׿ǰʱһͬƸõʰ
ʵҲûʲôҪģһЩ֤͸ֲ֤ģǶˡ
ԭĺͺ׿йصĶԭڣҲġ
׿֪һ죬ʦʮƽ
Ҫһ֮ǰ׿ǲͬģûôܿ
ôͶʣҪǷ飬ƽ֣ǹҲ÷һ£һܾͲǹҵϴˡ
һ涼Ƕûô
ֶ̫ˣ
ҪȥýǰһҪӣֱֻŪһӣͷĿ޶ûȥֻѡͬ⡣
ȻͬҲˡ
Ϊɱ˵Щƽ̨Ѿ۰Ͱ͵βİȨĵ̨ҲڽӴһһǮˣȫ׬Ǯģ
˵ãƲֵòҲͬģ׿˵һЭ飬濴ֻǵһݺЭ鿴꣬ûԼҪĶֿһ飬ûҵڷʣôûзɱ׬ǮʽôôࣿܰǲתʽˣҿҪģ
ҪɷݣֻҪǮƾʲôֵöࣿ
ЩȨƾʲôģ
ʦ侲ӦһδʣΪ籾ҵĵдģȨȻģӹɣɷպ󻹿ǣȻ𲻶ֵøߣϾͶҲһֱ׬Ǯ
ʦͣһ£˵ڷɱ׬Ǯҵĵй࣬Ѿȫˡ
׿
±ƵĿʣˣ
ǿڰ
֮⣬йķãΪҲ֪
ɱȨĻҲǮˣ
һӾ磬һ
ͨƽ̨ȶ޵ģޣƽ̨⡣
Ǿ磬Ǹˬˣ̨һ֣֡;Ĺ滹Ըıһ£ڿƼôһ·ʾʱ滻ɱĶôĵӾ磬̿϶ŹͶŹ档
ԾͷɱڵľͷֻҪԸ⣬ڣ
ھȻ˵ˣ
ʲôЦ
ȻʦޱĿ˵ǵģⲿаȨҵĵ˶ˣ׬Ǯɶ֮Ƿݣ˹ңڸƶȻյһݣԸһ£֡
֪ҵǮǲ˻صġ
ǮȨȫûˣ
׿ڴôõĳɹûˣ
ʦ˹ٸһػΪҵ˵ΪͷǳˣټϷɱⲿ籾ܺãҲıƣһжǰǵı׼㣬ͷ˵ɱⲿǣʱص̨Ծ۹򡣡
Ҳϵҫһ㣡
ͷյˣǣҪ֪ûдԽˣԺľ磬˷Ķ
һȴ˿ûķݣ
׿꣬Ŀڣ۵ɫף
ʦһҵ˵ҪεĺԼǩ𣬶ʮСʱڣٱȾһǧ򡣡
׿


233  233 
, ׿סԺѣͬʱšѡ
ûӪ, ֻ־Թصķƶм¼Ǿⷢ˸΢
ҪҲԸӪĻᡣ
Ͼֵܼڣ
ʱѾͨʦĵ绰˽⵽׿ǱΪˡ
ͲС, ճӦ꣬Ϊ׷ɱĽ۲ˣҲôǿ, һج, ܲ
֪ǸѪѹʲôֻĽ, ̹ˡ
׬Ǯ, ôָܷ׿ÿ
ֻǰշɣͶʵʱ֮ǰҲ֮ǰͶõ, ʹһ, ǮҲǱָһġ
ȻǾҪˣΪײ
ԼһĻ顣
ԭͺ׿ͶʵǧѾ˴󲿷ֵʽ𣬶׿ΪݴŶ뿪, һʱ, Ҳ˲ƵΥԼ, ˫ʽʣˡ
ȥףͶʷԼ׿ݵǮв٣Ǻ׿Ҫƽֵġ
ԭзɱ׬ǮΪͶˣõԶԶͷģǮȥһʼؽˡ
Ȼ
ˡ
Լ壬ԼһݶˣҲЩǮһֶòͳһʼǮ˵ģ
һδαĺ׿Ը⣿
Ȼвȴòܡ
׿ѪˣɫԣʦæȥҽԺһסԺͱ·˷֣ѡ
ڡ׿סԺǰֵģΪĴֱ𾪲ѡ
ȿ׿סԺѣһɣǱİɣϾüڰ鶼÷һ룬ҲǺüڣ
|ۣô࣬ļٵģ
¥ϵģ˼һѾ΢л𣿡
һ˾һкǷ޲Ʋһ˻
emmmǲˣ籾дģӾԼĵģӪƹ㶼ٵ׿ʲôֵʲôôԷզôأ
²۵ɷľģǲ˺׿ѣŮ治֪άʲô
ӱ죡˼Ҿ˼ڰͳһ㣬׿ҶΪ˵Ϊʲô͵ƶǮʵʵģ
бʮڣҶԻ㣡
ˣ϶ǸУԲܺͺزй飡ֱ
ֱʵľ£вѹ׿һ˾˷޲ƲҲᱻñͷܣǱɾ΢
һʱ۷壬ɱĲֱˣ
Ӱ£ʹ˲ƽ׿Ҳֻűϡ
پһǧֵǮͻ򣬵ʱʹĻ
ڶ˵;裬ǧں
׿ͷģҲҲԼһӣɵһ֪ǰˣ
ԼƵƵ߳źܾѾ֮˰ɣ
Ժĵ磬׿ȲЭǩˡ
Эǩ꣬ʦæָҪĲ׿ֻֽԼһЩͶʣڼʮ죬˲ȥ֤
*
Ϊ˱⹷ǽûн˱ƼˣֻҪɵĲƲдͷǲʽһеλֵ˼죬ŵ֤ӡ
죬ͺ׿ٴ
ߵȹԱûˣҸĸҲû
Ҫ飬׿Ū˾֪Ⲣһʵ£αأ
ֻټ׿ǴӳŮˣͷȴһɬ˺ܶ࣬ǴŻ̬Լһʱȫһ
ûᣬ͸¶һ侲䡣
ƮƮĿһƳۣоһ
׿Ȼͷһƣߡ
³֤ĵطһ·ͬʱҪŶӣǡý֤˶˵㡣
΢߽һЩֱ֣ۣ¶͸¶һ˿
׿Խúûţģ뵽ֳţýǰ˵Ļ̲סһպպһӲѵʱҪǴ֪㵱ҽ飬ͬ˶ˣڷҪӣΪ㻹ܱڵ𣿡
Ųס׿
׿ëֱϰԷҲͣ˽Ų
ЦЦ¿Ĵ|꣬ܿЦݶ̵βԼ۵׵ĳ
漴ŮʱҷģԾԶЩŮˣôģܲס|󷴻ڣΪҪӣ飿
׿ʵһȣҶ˵Ƿ곡Ϸô²ţ
ЦУҲ飬Ժһ컻һ˴|Ҳ곡ϷԸ𣿡
׿࣬Ŵ
ЦݣɨԸͱϻϽŶ飡
׿޺޵ĵκ˶ѾԶˣҲֻǱӰ
ܿ쵽ǣ֤ʱ˱ϳˡ
ǲǣû׷кüŮܹҪǩǱкܶ೩飬۲١
ǩŮֺǺǵŶصԭŶӵĵطСۡ
ˣ̫ˣһֱķɱô𣬱|Уû뵽̫ܳˬˣ
ԱǸǴ˵еĺصɣÿϣүһ㶼ޣ治֪ô޸ˣҲϹʱɡϧ
ŮӾױۣ
˵׿¾ˣ϶˵û׿ʲôǣ
ɲǣ֮ǰ˵׿ѵݵļ綼дģ֧ҵŶҪӦǾ仰Զֻ̰ʣʻʺ
ִͿտ˵ױѹˣɸ֤׼뿪ĺ׿ˣ
ͷɹȥ
ŮɫڨڨǴݣǵ˵˵˻ƺЩ̫á
ҲһǿŮĹĵĵɹȥ㲻𣺡ʲôûŮүү
׿
Ĳʲôֻܷ߷߿첽뿪
صϣ׿ɵʣô˵ģ
Դϴֻע΢ûƽʱҲЩСƵٿţԼܡ
ȻҲ֪ԭ˵
֮ǰ˵ĵľ米ٵѾˣ˵øˣ
ҲҲǺܶ࡭
Ǿˣ׿ɫ΢ף
ΪһˣѾΣ㹻׶ţȻǡ
Ƿɱܻ𣬻Ϊ籾ԭ򣿣
дþ籾ɲĵԼ
׿˺һ뵽һ㣬˵ҿǱʲôϢһĿûнչ
áͷóֻͿʼ
׿ԼҲԼֵܴ
һͲ鵽սһӰĿˣѰŮݣͶ˲Ǻ顣
Ϊ˵Ǹִģĵ̫ˣЩĶûʲô졣
Ǹµݣ֮ǰĵҲǵӾ磬ܶ˺ͺ׿һΪⲿܻ𣬴뿿Ǿ籾
ҪĵӾ磬ͷĹϵͶ˿϶ţȻҪȥĵݣֱǸѧҪˣ֪ߵغ
ͶȻǮ࣬ɵĿûͶʡ
Ӱ
׿һ˿˼˵ӰԼ֮ǰҲдһ籾ֻԭ򵢸ˡ
Ǿ籾óġ
ʱ֪һɹһ磬֮챾ӳֻΪдģϣһֱԼĥԼд籾Լ㡣
ᡣ
׿ͲԼóóˣóԵĶλȨߵĸϷǱڸص㣬ǾͲҪϷˣ
׿뵽
ȻĿ٣Ƴ̫࣬׿Ұѹ˾ó췽ıҹС
*
̶һݣ׿ӰϢҵڴˡ
ȻȨûʵͶʵ۹⣬ûˣͶ׬˵ģϢһЩϲͶʵӰͶ˷׷׹ȥ
ܿǱеͶʣټϺ׿ʹһѩǰܣͶԤڣʱһԱԱǵĺ㹻ⲿӰδӳȻ𣬸˵ֻҪ꣬ɱĵģֱɡ
Ǻܿҵ˶ӵ˺׿룬Ƭ겻ƣӦ˺ܶ࣬Ȧһˡ
ϢʱҶù䷹Ҳ˵ˣһʱȣȻд籾
һ£˵ţдʱһЩ⣬ǸʱǰƷģӦѾ޸ĺˡ
ҶƲƲ죺İһΪɵģ˿ˣӪŶ˵һĵӰͶ˶Ϲˣ䣬ûͶʣˣӪﶼͶ˴绰ҪϵʽҪͶأ
ɫû£ͶôҲһǺ£˵ͺ׿壬ֵܼܲⲿӰ꣬δ֪ء
̣֤죬ֺ׿ˡ


234  234 
Ҷ, ʱҲˡ
ϴϴ˯ֽӵ绰һİ롣
ֻ, һֻŶ, ϵ˶ѣһֻŶ, ϵĶǺ, ƽʱҲǴֻ
ʱڵֻȻˡ
绰Ǳ߾㻹û˯
Ȼռˡ
˸ֻ, ȫ֮ǰڵ£ô᣿
üͷ΢, ûҶ, £˵Ȼû˯Ȼôܽӵ绰, ô绰ˣ
ȣȻĿһ˵Щһ, ˵ڳµӰǰɣ
ԣô¡
϶˵ĵӰ˵̫󡣡񱣳º͵, , һ˿϶֧, , 绰˵, ǲ֪, ҪҪͶʰȻûʲôǮ, Ҫÿڣô֧һġ
ҡͷˣͶС
ɿһЩЦŨһֱڵΪĺ뿪ľ飬ѾĺƷˣ֪ˣϸôҲǳԭ£Ƭô
ʮ⣺磬ӻ𣿻Ǳ˵ˣ
õú˵
ЦⲻǺ֮ܲǰķɱҪݣ㶼˵ÿһ˵ķϣһЩƬ꣬ôڣԸƬˣ
⡭ͱͲԭһԴǡ
飬ռҴɩ췼ֻڨЦ֮ǰ֮ǰⲻ𣿵Ȼñѵһˣʱ飬ôɣúøù
ˣֿҾĸŮԱȻΪ˼ң˦ɫˡ
췼ɫ̫õһˣЩˣҪ֪֮ǰ±ϣΧھӶۼʣ趼ˣ˵Ҫ˵ûǶѾɱǰȥˣ
ЦҳǮǽʱһһ䣬ԶҼңҲ飬Ͳһˣĺܻɣ׿˰ɣ
췼ŭһ鶪ռһ˵ÿˣ屾Ҳã˵Ǯӣⷿڴͷϵġ
ȥҲȥǷģҲǰҲǱǰ
췼̲סһ
~Ƶɩ¼ˣǸո˵ĻҪǷϣܶһ𣿡
췼
˵ˡ
ֻܱۡ
ת䣺ھ͸ţƾһԴҲʲôһˣûֻֻļˣӽҺռңԺҲϵˣڣ磬Ҳˡ
˵꣬Ҷϵ绰
ཡε̸ʧܡ
*
һںռˣںռҸĸ̬ȣûκķӡ
췼ӭ汻Ļ|ͨ죬ֺƫƫöԷΪֻֻɷ򣬺˵ʲôðԼֶҲôඪ˵°ǲϾϵ治Ժ͹¼ҹ˰
񲻸˵æҽסֻɵ۶˵զ찡
췼ûô죿£
죬ŶӴ˸绰˵Ǹ˵飬μµӰڳܵʧ
ҵ˳ҪΪùõһڱȵס
֮ȨУıҲɫ
ķɱһ·ҡֱϣڶˣ̨Ȩȶھ缯ȫų󣬸һ|ˮ綼е޹⣬ѮߵĵӾ磬µᣬٻߵһ
Ǳ͵ͬһˣָĵһӾ磬¸˾̾
ΪֶӣԽֻᱻøݣҪؿڱΨʵʵǸõԭ£ֶͺãһڱյľϮ
̫ˡ
Ŷϣǰߣκһҳ棬øĸ̬вûã
ĺռҡ޸ϵ
*
Ϣʱ췼ϰԺϵֱӴ
պԱߣ¡
֮ǰ֪Ŷӱġ
תǺܻĵͺǸʲôأ˭ȥˣº˰ɣвһҶ˵ˣҺĺƷֲΪҷǲʣҲĺģ
Ҫ³˻˵
ûɣ㹻ܾøĸԼȥ͵ǽԼ|˷ǰһؼ˼һ㲻ϡԼĵǸĸںˣ
߳ܣ
ܴ󣬴绰Ǳߣ췼ίǻΪ㣬㿴ڣԶûˣͨҲ˴룬˵ڼﶼҳȥ֢°
Ҳȥ׵
ֻҶϵ绰Ժ׼ˣ
æͷ˲ˣ
Ÿоͷ泩˺ֻܶ࣬һɿϯ˶Щǡ
ûйܣɸܵйЩ˶âڱ
ʱһ绰
Ǻ׿ġ
üһ
׿Ѿˣ˵ĹøӸҲûϵôͻȻ绰ˡ
绰Է˵ڳһӰ㵱ݣĺƵŮݣô
˵ʵô
·ֺٺ˫ΣǷʱֵѿ
ĺȻֵòѿǵĺʱԼı飬۵ʧ졣
ֻǡ
ϸͺãҪı䣬ƺΨкͺ׿ţĵӰϢҲ˵ģǺ׿óģ˽ֵĿԺСһɹǷһϴס
׿ȻҲġ
ֻļԱѾȥ˰£ݻû£
绳һ£Ҫǩͬģ׿ܿ˼ͷã
*
˫ǩԼʱ䣬׿㽫ϢѾǩԼŶӡǶˣ磬ʺһεӣǱ߿׼ˡ
û⣡
õģ
Ψĺƣһ£ѡ˽ĺ׿˵Ӱô磿
ϲһʱϲݵĵӰһѡԱ˽ѧϰݼĵӾӰǱΣ˵Ҫݣϲһû˯ţھȻ磿
׿ҲЩΣأײˣû취ݡ
ǸܻǱƳˡ
ĺʧĹرСڣˣõɫҲǿùأûʸ˵ʲô
ҲⲿģݼҪǼߣټͷͦ츳ģȨȻȣҲûܶ࣬繫ϵŮѴûбͶ˵ʲô
ĺһǰõľ籾ٴη
Ȼֻһ£򿪿ֻһ΢ͣȷϼˡŮݣ
Ů
ĺĿһûǴĻﱸµӰ־
ǡôʱµӰŶӵȺҲ˷˸Ϣ|ۣص֮ǰ˵ûڣ˼תͷͽյĵӰǺصӰȲյɣ
ϢһȺˣ
ˣ
ĺٵȥʱǸϢѾˣȻ˷ˡ
ĺƿžϢϷպǺ׿һεëˣĬĬŸ첲˴ļƤ񡪡̫ˣ


235  235 
׿ӲĿĻﱻϢĽ, µϢ༭ˣٳ޷·ļ
һԼ侲
ôԽԽܣ
ѵڴ, ڵһҵ˶ʮ, Ȳһһεݵ
ִǼŮĽ̸֮ǰԼϿ, Լ˵, ܵĴ|궶˶һͲһ
óʼǱ˸, ţ, Լһ㡣
, ȰѾæôˣҪϢһ
׿ҡͷϢûʱϢ
Լ֪ûʱ, Ĵ|Ͳõ·ʱ, ƫƫѹ״̬ⲻãһСʱ㶨, ҪСʱʱ, Ϣ
̾Ϣ, ͶҲİ, Ҫ״̬, ǹᷢ, ǲð졭
׿зִ, ģ
˵
׿´ֻԥú󣬸ѷ˸Ϣ
õ϶ĻظЦЦЩ͸һְġ
*
µףɱȫǰмҪvipԱܿһƽ̨ͨvipͿʼǡ
Ѯɱ¼ǣȥԵĴԽڣǱ߻Ǯȥˣ죬ԭ޼ۿɼǡ
Ѯɱ͹ǩԼ˺üңЩǮڸͶʷ֮һݣ֮ǰ˵ҷƶ
ͬһʱ䣬ɱܱҲ𣬽һ˷ɱӰøӳס
ѮŮʽ
Ͷɲ࣬ռ˴ͷ֤ľԻȨ
ŮһˣҲʱ´ȵѡҲƱ֤Ҳһˡ
ʵҲ֣ĺƵĹ䡣
Ȼĺƺжһ󣬺ĺ߾Ͷˣ̽Ľ籾ŶӺ󣬵Է͸˻ظô׵Ĵɡ
Ӱ۴ᣬֻӾ磬һж֮һֱڴӫĻ󲿷ֵƱ׬ģͶ˿ҲƴǮ
ˣǾǣ⣬Ȼһӣ
յһԽɤ֡
񣬿Ż߹꣬ЦӰˡ
˼ӣţýӰۣ־ͺãյеɻ󣬹
չȥ鿴ϵľ籾
ˣ˶µĽ벻Ӱ۶Ծ籾оô͸ˣҶûע⵽ϸڿ󡣡
䴽ЦﻹжĴͣҺϲյƷκòлȻҪֺõ㣬ȡ´ΰ
ףЩ졣
۾ģɱܺÿ⡢ϸڡǱַҲȱ㣬ⲿʱҶҪȥݵӾĸоһΣһյ˵һ£û뵽յͷ룬ĺҡ
չһЦлģ
˵ţѾˣѿԿʼˡ
˽ϵʽʽġ
ϲӰాҹһ㶼ὫʱάڰСʱż⣬ҲһСʱڸ㶨㲻ˣڶ
ļ״̬Ҳܺá
ֱϷ˰£ҶϤˣϷؾƵ꣬ȻյһϢݣиطеò׼ԹԶϷ𣿡
ˡ
ƬϷֻԱҲһΪ֪ڣҲѿصúܺãݶϲϷҲϣʱ㣬ͻأ
ֻû׵㿪һԴȻðĵϷǺ죿ӰۣһҪ̣㵱ôû϶Ծ籾
Թʮ㣬һͷƤ飬ùͷԴϣ죡ûк죬ⲻǻûͬ𣿣
Ϫ̾ϢһСӣίίҪͬ𣿡
ôϷظĽȻǻؾĻظϷգ
ϪʱЦˣɵģֱӵıۣҲЦ⡣
*
һεŶӻ֮ǰɱǸ
ƬҲһεƬˡ
ദĶܺãܲͲ
һ㣬Ϊ֮ǰµĥϣ˳ˣӰһٶʮӣʱĸ£ʱԽ㣬ĵʮ־ϸ
ʮһ¾ɱֽ࣬ĺ
ڼ䣬ͬڵĺ׿ġذ顷Ҳ˳ʮһɱࡣ
ǰĹ
ͬһ£ʱ䣬ɱ࣬ݻͺ׿ˡ
Ȼһ͵ɱԭϢýȴûŹڷһ׿Ʒһɱ࣡
ȫǣŶҪ飿
ϴλȨò𣿺زе󣡡
ʵЩģŮһǶа飬ʵģҶϲЩġ
زеģһǺεģһӮܴˡ
Ҳܣ㲻ϲΪҲҪģ
ȵȣǲˣŮӰ⻹Ʊ𣿡
ܳˣݣҵıݣûģʵҲ
˫ɱĻǹڣΪֻƴȫõõƷΪ׬ǮӦ
ѿˣȴЩơ
׿Ȼˣ
ЩϣҲʱһȫڵӰϣ
µļ󣬸պóһ֮꣬Ϣһ£ͿʼƬ¡
ڵ°£һӰӳҲһ£ĵӰߺš
ڵһӰಿӰʱǵӰȵʱڣڴڣƷӿһˡ
£Ժ߸Ƭ18%ڿ˳ƬԼ෽ϵ¸ġ
׿ġذ顷õ21%ƬʣϾ˺׿ķĺķ˿ʹʧˣҲʣ²٣Ҳǻ˴ǮģһϣֻҪҸ飬ϿɶȻǺܲġ
ʶ˵󲿷˶ϲ΢ϰæʲôġ
Ϊ׽Ҷһƽ⣺׿λεĳ|죬ˣʱȻԸ
ƬʾȻôߣ
ɵԺûǲƬģֻܵȵӰӳ˻ο˵֮ǰܾ࣬ú׿ô˳
Ǻ׿ǱߣƬˢˢüͷһ塣
ţùõһĵӰʵĶаģĲȰ
ĺû˵ڱ緽ĲŻڳЩı磬ܼһ㣬ܵõ֧֣ܶ˵ӰۼˣϪ
ΪȥӰԺ
׿ɫ̫ͬãڴһʼͽѹȥƺЩ̫УڣƬôҲ15%ģû£ǼӴⲿͶҲǧڶ࣡
Ƭ˸ϽͣԶԣһһô죡
ͳһ󣬡ذ顷ǰڰ¾ͽڣԤŵĵӰӳ
*
ӳںѮھ͵ˡ
ʼŶӷн·ݣĺڣ춼ܲ
ţذ顷ӳʮֺá
ţӰʽӳһ磬Ʊǧ򣬶ϲǸ߷ڣһƱȫû⣡
׿ͷãʼǰ칦ľƵˣ
ŵϣǡŮӳӣӳһӰˣ֮ǰ׿Ҳ˵ģǮˣر֤ӰҲùڸ뿴ⲿӰ͡ŮǧͶʣԻôǮܿʵӰ
ӰƱһͱ죬׿ڶԼģȸڵӰҪĳʲô
Ǵҹģü¶ûϹ΢ĺ׿ڳҩõֻ鿴о
ͷɾݼ̨ʶ̫ǡôˣһʼһûӰ۵ĵӰɲŲӰɣȫȥˣȻӰҪǹ£漰͸룺½һƯŮľϲǡ
ϲеʵаĲһȻʱˣɿܣҾýһΣ绹ֵõģѾƱ׼ȥˢڶΣϧܶط漰͸˵дţȴҶٷɡ
յһ㿴µݵӰӣһϲҶȥɱһΣúоһַˣС
׿ۿţʵЦʧüͷԽԽһֻ
ܵġ
Ӱ϶ͨӰ˵ģһɫĺ


236  236 
һ׿, ӳ֮Ͽܶ࣬Ѿòʵ
ڵĵӰ, вԶԭ۹, һӰüʮǮ˵ҪСʱ, ˭˷ʱͽǮġ
˷׷׵ٵİɣǻ˶ǮĺȻȥˡ
Ҳ, ȿڱĳȥ, ȥǸ, ӳûü, ˵Ҳ
һǴȥô棡
¥ϵĽãȥ, ˵һ¸о治˷СʱһզصĵӰ, ҪĵǵӾ, ҿ϶һʱȥģϾóš
Ϲ˵ĵӰ۵÷ǳңʵģߺӳһ, Ʊйо, ԵƬ, ȴԶԶһƬڴ
øĵĺ׿԰ġ
˵ô˵ĵӾĺ, ڵӰôţƣӰ۵, ĺܺˣ
ֻǵߺŵ, Ŀ˵ӰȫܵӰԺԷҴˣûЩޣĺÿģ
ǽƼŮȥһۣŮҲðء
ȥ
ԲΪⲿӰ˵Щ㰮ҲĹѪʹû뵽˵ԼӰʱΪڿԼ£ͷһôֺ޲Ϊһȥң治
һڰУڶƱԤۿɼ
죬ٿһƬɵѾûˣֻһ仰Ůyyds
ڱƱҲˣʸǾӸ߲£˵Ժ߾ѾƬʣ25%
˺ذ顷ƬʣⲿӰͶѾڣʱԸǮȼ󣬵ǰڵƱֲʱ˺
һ֣㹻ùע˾ˡ
ӳ죬Ʊֱӳ˸˿õġذ顷ɸڵͶڣø
ƱڣչƬµĺףշȥһֱעӰ˶ˣֱӳѣΪⲿӰһڱ
ֱ죬ŮͻѷӰƱǿҪƬǡذ顷ʼЩƣǿӪǵòȫĿ飬ʴȽͣƱǻ
ŮӳһֱƱھԼ85%ʵɼʹɹԺ߽ذ顷Ƭ5%
һϢٴѣҲ֪ˣ˭ʤһ
ܱ˺Ƭģһʼûô֣гѡ̭ġ
ҪӰȻѡ񡶳Ů
ûӳôãڱû»
ķ˿ǽòУ˾ĴҼ̫̫д籾ĵӰ
б׿ѣֱӵ٩زԴӲкһ𱻿ˣ
죬ذ顷Ʊǰһ»30%
ʱ׿оϤ֧ĸоǺ͵Ӿ粻һӾ̴󣬵Ӱ˶ῴģһ˵һĩʱ䣬ҲֻѡһӰ
ˣǻʣʲô
ԭġذ顷ٴĵ·
ʱ򣬡Ů·ڡ
Ƕʱ䣬ǵȥƱ
ڱһӳġذ顷Ҳһ˫ڻתȻһιȺˡ
ԭҲûǡ
Ϫڸ¸ʣȥιŴ磬ѧֵͣҲУ˾ͷյһĥʡ
ֱƬ|ѡ
ɨһۣҲû⡣
ٵȼ죬˺һڵʣذ顷Ѿ󾢲㣬ƬٽͣҪⱾˣȣͶʵȣʽĸң֮һرĹɣƱҪʮڣܻر
Ҳſڣ˺Ƭ˾޴ĳ
ٽȡǿ࣡
;ȥһ䣬ϴʱһ𣺡ϪھѾˣûĵˣȻ˵Ҳ÷곡Ϸ
ֻţܸо˵жԹ
ϴֵĶͣ£̧ͷڹ֪ԼñѴϣһ̧ͷȴˡ
׿ѾЦһǰ߹ȥ¡
ϢҾôĵطҲԶһ۾ܿüǿˣŸţŶã׿ͱݣ
ǵ֤ʱ׿
ǸʱȻ͸¶һҲ֣ɲڡݵƤǣɢǡ
һ˫ӽһεϸϣڿĲͬüһ֮ǰɻ󶼵õ˴𰸡
ĬĬվĹԱãҪٱ
*
ǰ󲻹ӵʱ䣬ľԱ
ԭƬ˵ڿʱƤһŲ豭ֶ˶ǿ򶨣ֱԱǰۿɼȥ
ڳ˶ãȻģΨк׿ˣԼô¡
Ϊ⣬׿ŶӶˡ
ı̫ˣ
ʵٱ󣬱ǱߣɵȺ׿ֱȶʭӣ͵Ǽһ֤ϢŻˡ
صϢңϪΧô£ոպ׿ˣ
ҡͷҪܡ
Ҳɫ
һȦˣƬɫ΢䣬µʲôΡ
󣬡ŮŶӼ·ݣԭͬһ·ݵġذ顷飬ȴӰ
ûãбϡذ顷鵼ݱߣ|
ٵİɣúõظ|
|ۣǡذ顷ô죿ݱһ|ˣ
ŵ˺٣˲ԸţҪģʹĸڵͶʳɱҪˡ
Ҳһ|ݵĵӰȲ
ӳ߶ܣ
Ȼʵˣʮ㣬һеΪԼ񿺷ܣ˳ɵӰ㣬׿ѡ|
һˣմȾ
ڵӰ󣬸ǳԵúݣ屾Ͳãݵر죬Ⱥڷ־ٱˡ
֮ͨ󣬵ϣеӰԺȫ¼ܡذ顷ⲿӰƬָˡŮԼӰһΡŮƬӵ32%
Ʊڵġذ顷ǰӳ޷ٳ֣ʹʱͶʵĸڣֻܻڡ
ڣ
Ϊ׿һ֮
ȻӰֱӳҲֻǲڿô࣬һʣΪӰһֱӳܳ˺׿⣬𱸣Ϸûݺã۹ⲻãһֱһǰøȵȡ
˽Ҳһ£Ҳ
ԭõ磬һأ׵ȵףײϷˡ
ʱ䣬׿ڱ͵䶾󣬡ذ顷ͶʷҲ׷׷ʦҪ׿õ㹻⳥
ɺ׿ͷʽٵÿҲûУΨסķӣĶǸͶʡ
һ²ʱ䣬ؼҸĸظϳȥˣҲֲʱ׷ֵǮ
ؼȫҶͷö
ؼҸĸϴ϶һ£ʱ򣬺ؼϴ϶ֻŸϽֵ׿ĶԺֲˡ
ǻиͶ
ȻüֻҪ۸ѹһ㣬ԸҪģ֮ЩǮҲծˣֻ֮󣬺׿ֹһ|ҹ֮ûʮܶĳɹ
һĻؼҸĸøĸȥˣƣĻصУϻί
˵ʲô°ô̯͡|أ
˭ӻڽ䶾أĸѹĨĨᣬʡ
ŶãúõһҾɢˡ
ϱû˲˵ӻٵòˡ
ϰ̾һҲˣҪŽݣŻû򿪣ϴϴϱܾܵвõһĵӰƱܴﵽʮڣϱΪܵܶҪӣԸˣǵֳ|죬Ӧƨ浱ҶСӣ˵ʲôʲô³ã
죡װͰ͵ĺƫƫûе
Ϊ˵ʵ
⣬ĸŵֽסĿϰĵӰ׬˶ʮڣ
ظͶ˶ãȻĽҡͷ
ʮڣȥɱ׬ö࣬ԼҲýСЩ˰
ʱϱͲ죡һҪ˵ǵӰͶʣֻǧ򰡣ԼͶˣڵӰӳӳ£׬ö࣬һӾͲͬء
ϴ˵ˣֻǷŭĴϢ
⣬ϸһ۵ֶڲ


237  237 £꣩
ŮⲿӰھ¶ӳ
ǧͶ, ﵽƱʮڣҲǧͶʣ
áڸֹҲǧ򣬶ʮڵƱ, ʱͶʷõ֮һӽ, ȥǧͶʣջŸڵĻر
ΪͶ, ϶׬, ͶʵҲֵò, ͲҪͶ, ܸ˵ģ֮ǰй, ׬ǮˣͶһֲ˼񣬶, ҵϲưְֵͶˣҲڡ
׿µ칦Ƶûüȥ, µ칦, ȴǱͱ
ʱһֱŲϵǸ磬ڿסǰǸ
ֻǶû, ͱͳȥˡ
Ŷû뵽綼ȥǸ, , ĵĹⷢͨ, ôڶΪԭ, ʱ, ΢ҽ칦磬æۣûʲôˡ
ûָգҲûа˭
һ΢˭֪ʾŶͨ棿
һʱ˳
ԺϢ
칦û죬ʱһ̸Ŀ򣺡׿ĸյյĹϽĿֻΪǰϱȡ׿һ
̸ĿҲǷһѡһС
ؼҸĸڽĿ£æӣĶԲҪֻ˵Ļ鷿ú׿ӽ䶾иЪŵĵط
ͬʱǻ¶˵ʱĲƲָ
Ҳû취֪ˣڸģҲ֮ǰϣĶҪֻǵǵĻ鷿᲻á
ͷ߰סƵ˶žͷģ΢һ˶ڴУ֮ǰûֹڶȻֻ֣Ϊöи֮
ǡʱһӰ׬˺üڵϢ֣ڷ̸ĿѵʱѶụ̈źҵ죬̫ˣȻزǸھȻһӶûˣһ|ҹްնο׬ô࣬һӶѣ˰ɡ
|ۣյȻвʽѹںزпסȻŮİ
ͻȻЩͬزˣǷޣû뵽ݣԹۣƵ˶ˣ
Ȱǰһѵ˲ʮķޣʱ̫ˣֳ籾ͶŮԸΪ𣬶̫ˡ
ⲢǼʮǰ˳|ȻʱȰ˶࣬Ҳ٣ֱЦˣֲƲʱ˫ͬˣҪԿˣͺزеƷǩ֣
ôˣƲֺˣھΪزаܹˣ°ǰޣǰ޻tmңΪ׬ö͵ñϡ
֮ǰյһ˼ڸңֹ֧ҷƶߣˣҾͲǮز
ҲЩ۸ЦˣʵؼҸĸҲ˽ҹ
ֱֻˡ
û뵽ǾȻ°ܵһ
ˣֱӷ΢׬öҵ£˭ԣǲ[ͼƬ]
ͼƬľ֤
ֱڽ˰ٴθƶһڡ
ΪͶ̣õķǰٷ֮ʮõ֮󣬻Ҫ˰˰տɲ٣䵽ҲڣֱӾһ롣
ѻ棬΢һֱ˹עţȶȺܸߣ΢һѿȫǣ|ۣ
ֱʰ
˭˭;һڣ
̫ţˣ
Ҫǵܾô࣬赽ڵģЩֵڵĹ˾Ȼóô࣬Ǹ˻ͺ˳Ծˣ
ֱ𺳻Ѳſʼ湣Ǵ˵еӽǮ𣿺һ£
ĽˣӹԺ˭˵յһ仵Ҹƴ
յǮǾˣҲ㣬
ˬҾͲܣ
̶ʮӣһڡѾͰˣ滹Ϊȶȹֱ˸[]֡
£ԭȺؼҸĸѣڶͬȣһ𣬾ͺܷˣȫڳЦؼҸĸģ
û˵ǣ̵ĺӣҲˣһЩӪſڷ۵ۣɾˣΪ޿ָժǾôңͷĺøжȿ϶ܸߡ
ȻһСʱһЩٷ˺Ŷ׷ת΢ޣͬʱĳЩĿȡ裬ŵ÷̸ĿѸɾƵ
ÿ佱ô֪ĺãպƣܴ˾
ؼҸĸ۰Ͱ͵ϵϢ
ֻǵȰȣͼһֻϢĴɫѿӦˣ
˵ʲôؼҸĸеѯʡ
ؼҴҧгݵ˵Ǯ˭͸˭Ȼ󡭡Ȼһڸҵķƶ
ؼҸĸ
˶ܻ𣿣ǵǸ鷿ҪһڣǧͿԸ㶨ˣ
ؼҴӳ鴤£ûп
Ѿˡ
ⱲˣǮȫˣؼһһ
ؼҸĸ֪ܲƵֻİ̾ͺڣŴ|ֱ˵ʲôӴ
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ٹ꣬ͷʱȦûǼ˵֡
ռ˶Թۺ͸ˣɲôв޶ԣҲֻҵ޷ȣǾͷʼ׽顣
ͲСˣȻûˮǾͻڽӴ
ĺƣΪǲӰֵյûеˣҵһǧɣڹ˾һκֱӱѩأû⸶ΥԼֻţû꣬͹ȥˣԼҸĸлȥ顣
תתȻֺһǰһˣһֻһı硣
ߵرȻԼңҲĺƻȥ֮ǰѾ޳ȥ
Ϊ̫ˣ޵˲ôã֮ҲһֱûϢ
ʢûʱһӰϧУϢ꣬˸ӣԼúܺãȻЩ󣬿Լҽһ˳
׿ӽ䶾ʱõֻ󣬾ͷǵȫյһ꣬ԼĵӰϢ
Ȧף˵µӰиϢԱȥԼ
ŮݣΪĵӰŮһȻƫߵĿӾŮⶼȥˣȻһվ˽ŸŮĵӰŮǳĵӰۼߡ
ĳɾ֪ͣ˶ŮԱĽƴҪõ
ԱҲضãϪΪ֣̤Ӱҵ˸ϧЩˣյ󵱸ƨ档
ƾӰٴõӰۣ
ȦڣҲһƬף
ȻףʱҲûǰ򣬽زСٴס
׿ֱۣҩƽȻкˣ
ԼĻڳˣҹҹ˼ųģʮûӣŶãӶһˣ
ռҸĸ̾Ϣ˵㻹Щʲô˲Լû𣿡
׿ɫסǱıҲǳڵġ
һ飬Դչҵ׷Ǹʱһ죬ߵһ
һֱõţĴ壬˳ԸĻˣԴ˴ӲẢӵ£ܴľ籾ΪݣܹԽһ˳
Ȼ㵱ԼĶ棬Ȼпᡣ
Ȳ
âһҫۡ
ҪƴʱÿһζˣΪ˲Լܵôѿ˸£ҲԼҵԼ֮ǰµĽɽ
ʱڻɣҪ߲ʽ𣬷ЩͶʶǲһ
ȵõʱͶʵĺܶණ޷ѺЩԣƫƫ³˵Ļ鷿
׿Цһ׷ҲûˣѾزˡ
ʹˣˣûˣûˣ˴뱲ӵĵݣô
룬ǰһƬڰ
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ĺӻСʱһȺӳˣһһǵӾǵӰÿһζԲμӼ
ŶӣҵŶӣ֪ƷӰ
ʱʢı͵ݡ
ͬʱбһδóʬº׿Ѿ㵽ٲھͷǰżĵǵӣᷢһƪ¡ǰͷףһˣɩϳ
һŶӣ־ؽռҲŮ˳ֲ˵¡
һȴֻܿźӣӭҫֻĳ
һֻ̣оԲһͣд籾ϷȻֽۣ˼չʾĸоĺãÿһζú죬Ҳȷʵˡ
һҸɵĹӷʽ
ţһУ׺
ٴһƵùζУӻ۵ùֱУӦǶġ
һƬ۵ķڵö쿴ˣֻܴƬשͷ϶ðһ⣬䲻ֲָ
ΪԼǴԽʮһ̧ۣͷһִıȴͷ
治֪ʲôֻһ㻩ˮԳصĲ⶯Ӧò׳ܷġ
ûвֱӾѡռ䡣
һʱüͷšںڰм㲵ƯһĨӶԼԭСͬ顣
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ԭнһƷδ̳ˣСµĴڣȻҲݵӡ
ΪƷδ̳ˣȻһֱ˳˳ΪŮӣĸţȨһŮôԼ̳мҵ
зĪڽĴ󲮡
̳мҵǽĸ׽ϰΪڣţʮĸе޹⣬ڼһͬ£Խ󲮣ȨѡΪϰ
һԾΪ̫ӡ
ΪϰΨһŮһֱ󲮵ĶӣøӣֻһֱûҲӣֱ꣬ԭҲչֳǳѰ˵Ĵøļɵ
ƫƫԭİܱʣһһȼء
һԴĸ׶Į
ҲˣԭøΪһϵеľ籾˵£Ů֮øݺ£үү|Եεˡ
Ҫ֪|£һƷȨ߶Ȼ|ܻöڵĿ֣׸ʴ˾ˣֻ񫡣
ԭƷϹϵʹûԭүүҲ
ʱԭø罪ԭүүƼһĿת˵ĿЩӸС֮ˣһײ˵ļѣӶùɶ¡
ԭүүһ¼ġ
ĿֱΪعڣҲм棬ȶȺܸߣһ궼ЩѱëëŨױĨƤЬ¶װȵȣɵһʱЩӶù˳
ԭүүˡ
ѯʹԭףõͬǾǿнԭĿ
ԭʽĵһ졣
ԭ򳬸ߵֱֵ˺ܶ࣬ԭԻн񱣬Ŀѡļͥһ˴һŮޣģǷùζˮıӶġ
ԭžͷ棬ֱӴˮүүеˮҪȥܾԸԶһֱڣˡ
*
ûڡ
ҪȥĿԸμӵģûʮ꣬ҳľôŤҲû
ȻĿڣѲĺǶοصעġ
ǽֱ˵ǲҲ̶á
ؼʮ󣬱ĺӶܻһĸı䣬ΨнһһʱʲôھʲôƵƵ˺һֱҪõүү
СÿĿ˷׷óַԭıҲүүʧӻ󣬰̳˵ݡ
ԭȥѰ׽ϰİɵõĴǡˣûʸȨߣ㱻̭ˡ
ԭˡ
ǲǸŮѪΪʲôİְôĮ
Ŀ
֪н񱣬ѡҸļ֪ͥӱ꣬ȴܼܺҳ֪ʳÿζʳ״̬ˣԲŻһδֱȲס̬ȣַƢ
˵ǿбμӽĿ
ĸȴ
ʱĽϰ°΢³һ仰ˣ䵱ҵĺӡ


238  238 
, ʮ꣬ϰĻʹ, Ҳ޷ʲôֻܷйƵģӶ|䡣
ΪμӹĿһصļαΪһֱpo, ʱ䡣
ӭģǽϰһһĺӣվŵģǽμӽĿʱסλүүҵŮ
ǸŮڽĿһС, ڽĳ£ɴƯ㹻
û뵽ϰֻǷԼ˸, 軹ǺһŮ, ǶԷ֮ǰˣȴСݳǰ
ԭʧȥүүʧȥ˼̳Ȩ, ֮ǰŸ׾һŮ, Ĳ, , һһδεĸڣҪŮϳȥ
ȴ󱻸ϳȥģԼ
ʧȥ˽ΪججʱֱͬϳȥҵĽϣԽϰŭⷢйϣȥ˶|֮ء
һû⣬ԭȾ˶񫣬Ϊ|Żصңܾ޿ѡӸ¥׹£Ƶһ
֪ԭһֻһС˵еڻҡ
ĸס
Ϊõ㹻ĻȨͽĸ׽飬˽ֻǺþĸȥ
ϰֻҵȻŮ飬ĶҵϣŮֻһ¼һΡ
Ϊʱ̫ᣬû׵ʵУȻԭĸƲ
ֱŮˣŲŮЩᡣ
⣬ǽܹԼɹεѹأʸ̳ҵǲУǵûġ
֪ŮȥĿǽļıҲΪ˵һ仰Ļ֣ԼҳݣĿȨ
ϧ̫Сˣû㹻ûжɹѹأݺݵİһ½ҵĿڱ
μĿϰǹעһ£ֺͽͬһ¡һɺСҲ
עˣҲΪһ½Ͽڱ
ةѡӾɺͶУסڽϰķһ⣬ϰ뷿ӣɺչ˵ķǳãԴ̰ůʼ߻ıС
û֮ǰϰǳƣȳ󣬾Ϳʼ˸ֹơ
СŮֵ˳Ĵ幥ûþˣҸһ
ʱΪϰǰŮҲڻҵһ
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£ֻжԭۡ
ԭǵѪùļͥøնүүͿϰ׾͸޻˵ˡ
ںͱӰһʮСû˽̹ôԸʮøµıȻסˡ
ƫƫڽϰУʧܣԭĴ
ǧǽϰԼĴ
˺ӣȴ̣úԼѧһС
˰ɣ
ΪԼĻ찡
и꣬ݺݵ³һǿԼеĲˬû
̾Ϣһԭ뷨;ܲ࣬Թ޶ǶŽȥģ޽ϰԼŲʣ޽Լ֡
ֻǰսϰͽ˵ҪԸͦѵģױŽңԸԭҲΨеԭʱŶֵģʱֻƻԭүүеķӶȡδ̳˵ʸ
ԡ
˼Ƭ̣ԶεĿꡣ
˽ҵ£µҪģֱ
Ťתڵĵһӡ
ܡ
ֱĸͷҲ֮תͷĿĹԱл棬һͶֱĹڿһס
콾Ů۸˵ѣֱ˺ܶࡣ
Ҷ֪ڴƯСĳݣƢƫƫļͥСһ
ʱΧһͷˣmdú°ִʲô⣡
˿ˤڵϳײʱĺѹ
Ǯ˼ҵĺӾѪ˶˺
үүҪɱ̫ˣ
ֱһƬݿ۾Цˡ
ֵܿˡ
һ򵥵ģЩݹ˵үС㣬ƫԶֿһĻ̫ˡ
侲Ͳһˡ
˲ͬǲĺõģǽĿΪʵһֱֱƴյļǲɵģΨмŭ£ﵽ˵Ҫ
ҺѸϣ׼֡
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ʮѮɽ¶ȸͣҹԭֱ˯û·Щˡ
Ҳû취
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Ӧòүү׼ġ
⻧˼ͿͦģһݵòˣԸӣ˵Ӹĸһˣһȥˡ
үΪ|ҲһֱڸƶӵҲܹǹòãΪûͶҷǮʵ˵ģֻܼãʡ
ʹʵԣֻЩ۲Ǵû˵ġ
ϴྫ𣬳ĺܶණڳʱʹ¶ۣҲˣԭʱƢ꣬Ȼ˳ûסйһ¡
عʵҲͦڵʱڳ嶯ġ
Сﰮӣû˼Ǹ
ԭүүҲûӸһȻɫҲûĶʲô
;ԭҪֻ˴绰˳⳥үүһ룬ĿܾṩֻϵʽôСĵ绰ãԭûޣټϽĿһδγ⣬ԭԽ޷˺úദ˺
ʱĿһ¡
ķű졣
ɳƵ𣺡СҸ࣬ҪҪԵ㣿Ͼûˡ
˵еķԣԭ̫ɴ£ˣϽţͼŵúһϵһĨСЦݣʶе룬ֱˣõ룬Ҳʣһˡ
ԼҲͦεģ˼סԼȴûʲôöд
ɽĿ˵Сһ춼ûԷٲҪˣŹš
ĿһУڵԭʵλһȥǸǮˡ
ĻʱҲǿ˵Ц᣺Ҫٸ۸ˣⱲӶڷۣ׷
أүүúð챻ԴڻҪֺ׬ĿһǮװ
۸˰
һڵ£򴽣һƺǳᣬɫָ֣أҧҧڵүүã㣬룬Բ𣡵һȥˣһ˹һӣһµ룡
˵ϹǸ
ǻԲĻֳϿҵ֣ص̬ȡ
үүסżĵĻҲͣס

ûɣǸˣ
ôһϹȥѧˣȻǸѵ˽ô
ɵĵĻճ֣Ǹ˵ŮЦŽͣϳ֪ҪĿҵļûоҵͬ⣬˽ԺͽĿǩ˺Լ͵رҪȥŻһʱʧȥǣ侲ԼҲܱǸֻǲ˼ȥĺܶԲ𣡡
Ů࣬ɣʮҲǰ˵ˡ
ǸүүҲ¶һĨͰ͵Цݣϲĵͷûû£үү
ҲЦˣллүү
ɵĵĻסһƬհס
ŮֱĽүүҲⷬ˴𼸷ΣĶӣǲǲ̫ð
ŲŲʮͷƤû̧һ£౻һ٣ʲô£ùܡ


239  239 
ϰ̬һ䵭, ¶ŽүүףҲûж𾴡
Ϊڽңƿء
ϰĸ, ǽүүԭ䣬ͽײʮ꣬ʮ겢δ࣬ϰ㣬ѹƶԷԵӴ
ʮǰձҵĽϰ빫˾, ̶ʱѹס˴磬»һͨΪ潪үүˡ
ԴˣŽϣһ·չֱڣԭȵĲҵѾһ, ΪĲš
ڽϰУҪıǽϡ
ΨнһŮҵ͵ôи
ϰʮʱֳѹõһС˾ΪԼȨԽϰ˽ʮĳɳʱ, ǻﲻҪ, ѡµڶ̳ˡ
ЩүӲ£ԭԽĿǰꡣ
ϽүүƽﴫϤŮýϰĿһ, ƺ뿪˽, Ů, һЩ, Ҳ飬ͨ
үүûô࣬ӿҲϽƽݹȥһ𿴣㰡֪Ҳһ°֪𣿡
ÿϰŲĿ⣬˲ͣ΢΢и취Ҹ̨ûǸɡ
үүӵ£ʱڨЦڶڹˣ첻вġ
ǻһС𣿡ϰ͵
Сģڽүүǿ£Ӳܹ˾
ɽүүֻչ⻰üͷ΢ֱ׳ôһ׸ҳ󣬺ֿɲһ԰Ҳһչˡ
ϰϳҪýΪ̤ʯûйѣ״뿪
ϰʱˡ
ߵúܿ죬үүûüһԼŮһʧ䣬ʵʧȥΪ׵ĵ
ϴΪ˶ȨȻΣ˾£ĸȥҲΪֹ˾й¶·ϳ˳
˾ǽϰѪʱһȶҡϰŭҪϴҵ͵Ϊף᲻ãǽ͵˹ܻ¡
֮ԭĸӹϵ͸䵭
үүЦֱ⣬˾Ȼˣӣ
ҺðǸúӣûкְһͿҲãһΪ˹˾
үүţ绰˵һ£ĸоģ֪Լ񣬸˵Ǹ
æһ£Ƿˡ
Ȱٱһ㣬ȥҫ
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ÿҲû֮ǰ˵ô鲻á
˵ģұҳ͵ĵطҲ鲻ã治֪Ŀʲô˼Ȼδ꣬ɲԷͬ⣬ǲԡ
ǰôˣ˭֪Ϸʲôû׼̫ˣ绰Զָһ£Ҫû
˵ǾŰŮһС̫ãҪоͷˣǸ
Ļ۷׷ףͷŮѾֽӹүү룬Щࣿ
ǰүүõǸ˺ܶ࣬˵˵ǳĺӶ԰ɣҲףҪطܿࡣ
ЦЦúãûмκεζϣζʮֹѵֻбԴһ಻࣬ھͳˣʵүүԺǳʲôҾͳʲô⿪Сˣϴ룿
үү꣬˿Ҫӹ룺ϴ
㿪ԹԵ߳ȥѰϴĵط
ȥ˲ų׿ӵȫòƾɰСķӣǸãұһˮⶼľͦģǡҰࡣ
ĿҲҵĵطЩ
үүִ⣬Ҳ֪⺢ģʱҪŵϿֵúõŲᱻҲûǿ󣬾һָô
үүָӾˮϴ룬ϸ棬ûжˮûеĵط
ϴ룬ֻȥˢϴ̣ʣµˮԼ
;һ¾ӣԭǳÿʵҲϰߵ٣·𾭹ϸĵϸڵ壬һÿġ
ϴʱͷ͸ƤɾֻܿϵϸСë
еĵĻ֪ʧֻʣľֵۣ̾ˣ
СﳤÿһױﲻƤĽˣ
ôʵôҪأ췢Ƣʵһ񾲵ĸоͻܵ˲ôɣʵĽ
ǰģ˵÷ǳе
ֵ߻кôģһ¾ùڵĹעƫˣһֱעĸݲԣϽ˵ˡ
һĻ۾˳ٿĻ棬ȻˣӰʦô£дһҪд壡
⻰ܿͨʦǱߡ
ӰʦѸٺ˼¶ˡ
ܿ쵯Ļһۣ̫̾ˣӰʦӼȣ
˵Ҫ͸Ŀʲôʱôˣ˵ģСȺÿ
˼ҴţпƯģҴţп㣬ӶҪˣ޿ޡ
ڶŵĻĵݣ
˺ڣͬʱҲʮ
ѾֻϵʽûˣôһϹȥȻĸָһ£ֱĶ̶ʱ䣬ֵⲻ
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ԥƬ̣˵ȥ񡣡
ѵݣû
ҪǻûЦһûĺӣȥٽнѧ
Ͳ⻹̵ס
Ŀɿڴôݵ
Ҫ֪ѡӣɶǴƤģ˶ģ
ݼ֣ҲִֻС
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˳¼ֱ䡣
ֱĹڶʱһ񣺡Сú
֣̫ζˣţ͸оܺӣСòҿ
ףӵҪ˰ɣ
ĿڵˣһڱʮӢĸǺͲֵƤĻһʮС㲻
ǶǸܺӣҲ˵㲻öƶԸ⣡
ֻǽĿ飬ǵĻҲڵͷضҪ׽ɫ仯
Ȼõ񿨵ɫܵ
Ŀĵ֮Уֻԭųֵģһֻܺʶĸڶ˱
ֱˣҲֱתˣ
Ǻ£ֱغԭүүۣԭֱʧȥ˽Ҽ̳˵Ҫû
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ЦݣƯȴû۵ףüͷ΢壬ü´ոջ崿նʱ˼ֿɬ
ͷ⣬ֱĹڣүүЦݣļⶼᣬǽүүŮʱһʱ嶯ˣЩڡ
үүˣôַĻۿĿĹڿɴ඼ˣһЦݣըĬĬۿˣ׷׷߶֣Ŀ̫ˣ
СãݣҪĵƬ۸Ưã
үүͷ˵öԣĿ̫ˣ
ˣ䲻ͿĻ
ҳҲǲˣܺӺҲᣬôͷǵýĿæ찡
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ҳ
˵Ĳ
ΪŮðôͲˣ
үүͷһ£εŲĿ⣬ͬʱЩɻûͽĿ˵ܺӰ


240  240 
˵Ǿ仰, ĿȻӦҲûָ, Ԫ߰ɣҲŬ, Ҫǳ, ĺͣҸүү񣡡
ͣ
Ưüͣ
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ӵعϡ, һ, ҲҪߺüӡ
ʱ, ǺԺӵܣ׷ںι, ÷Ժţˣٳһڰ
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, ֺӣҶǵͷߵġ
ͷֶܿ׼ϲ׽ɫ
˵ؽġ
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ȻһİƯ֣ɲɻĿ˭
һЦһֱ󣬹ʱ˵СҼ棬ѧ츳ҪҪѧ䰡
Скɻˣ
Ļ
ã⻰СǶˣ
ۣЦˣԭǸжã
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Žӵݹȥ
ӹÿˣ
˵꣬˸ƯĽŶֺսô˧
ͶſˣСԴһĵ㣺˧˧
ĻҲȫˣ|ۣ˧
Сոպ˧Żˢӣ
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æĵͷܻߣһڴһڵİųԡ
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ûáǫ
Ļſ佱
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յǸ˿ݣѾΪԼĴǸ佫Ŀ׵¡
ԭȱǵų⣬Ѿȫһ浹Ķ̾
ͷĵɫܸ࣬оƺжԷ˼
ֻǡôܣ
Ƥĺӣ㶼һֽˣɽĽѧҲѵġ
һʮСôܸ㶨ܺӣ
˵ҪǱӢĸ
ҡҡͷǵ㵣ģǷԸעֱĹԱʲô쳣˵һ¡
õġԱӦ
뿪ֱʱ̫ˣʱʱ̶̿ţкܶҪ
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ֱСʱ󣬼ʱֱ
˵ݣˣԱżĺ
ʲôݴ㵵ô죿ǼĸӶʶˣ
ԱСġͷʶˣֹʶú
ݣ
չȥһۣһӴڱžͷÿСкʱޱȣִ˳󼸸ӣıŵСǰ۰Ͱ͵֡
СϷһ
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֮ǰԱ˵쳣ٽҿҲûʲô쳣ûǧӮġ
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ÿһ¶ֱƬһһӮܺӿ޵òС
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С£صǡڽĿи߹ʱ̣
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ͽûǰ;ģСyyds
иĻ˵ѹģСʱҪôУöˬ˾ͻأÿλƬֻ꣬Ǯȥ򡭡
ѣ
һ飬гȥͼ΢ʮһѡƯǼѻ
ƵǡǽӵḶ́ûжݣƵӿ죬ЧǳãٲȻһܺ۸໽лҷ
һۣ̫ţˣ
С㿴ӦǸŮû뵽ƬôͣСѣŵᶼˣ
˧ˣƯǲѧ
һѪ|飬СȫϢ
תСʮ꣬ﳬǮһͺüģһ쵽ﻹһͨƢѾǸˣΪ˸үүһһٷʢͣܺӶǶ£ҿȥѽ
еۣĻƬĶˣ˺˰ɣҲ²û뵽ҹĿ࿴ȥɾ֮ǰۣ
ֱǰһڣĲһ
ǻŽʧܣһϻԵúᣬ˴СĽ϶ܲˣʱһͺڵ㡪ݴСүүʳ
û񻹷ƢĴСүүһҶί
ڡ
ݿĸˣĲ鲻ԸķԸţǸô档
䣬ڽصĻɿҪȥүү˵ϲҪŶӴһͣ
ɫһͣв
ĬĬлֱ䣬ԭĻ࣬˻ϲ棬ѹţֱۿѾʮ򣬵ĻΪһ仰໣ڿүүԵóԵˣ
ʢͣڴ
ֱ䲻ˣʱһѽ
вպǹڳԵһףδ뽪ܹȻҲǳԺúȺãھͷǰֵһƬ֡
ûнķԸ࣬Ҳˡ
ںͼ޼ͥԿأ
Ҳ˼ɵҪȻ˺ܳԻǻᱻɣ
Ƥ鴤£ûˣŸɣһͳԺõ㡣
ţ
ԭƻøһ£ȫѶˣ


241  241 
ӡ
ȥѧʮ, кͣŮɺȻһĸͬ, ˳ò, Ӫ, ʮ
ǵֵⲻɺ, ȻƤô𪣬һ˫۾峺ǳ
ɺԭСˣʵӴ, ԭסʮ, һ͵Ժûԭ˵һ仰, ԭҲһԷ
ͺɺ˻ص, Ϳ̨ϴ˯Ů
, ˵ĿգѡĮƹ
ȥˮ, ɺ׼
ֻһȴүүס
ү, զˣԷɺЩѹǲǼûˣǿԳԺġ
үүЦǲ, ǰ͡
һ仰, Ծæµͣ¶׷׿
Ҳˣ, ЦĿһ, ͸Ƿḻ, ϲˣһŽĿͷɡ
СЦɱǺǿģжȥ˶طų⣬˶ˡ
ɺǸСŮҲûʲô棬ֻýÿÿȥͬѧ￴ĵϵǶӺÿֱκ߹ȥԱߣĽİĸ˳𣿡
һ°ͣСŮĽչֳ϶
ɺЦˣһ˫۾
Ŀûʲô쳣ĬĻصھͷǰ
ʱõĵĻҲʼһˣڴͣ
һֱûߣոտС˯Ҷ˯ˡ
СһƯöû~
ĻһƬ֣ĿҲûʱ飬ʵʵĽսƷ͹һһĻأӵİ׷Ͱࡣ
ʢʳүүһڶЩнҶӡ
ɴøɾĿһ˼һ㣬кԿԣĿëɲ޶˷ѣ
˵ԼҲһ⡣
ɺڶԣƷʳֵһ˫Ŷεۣúó԰ҳԹóԵģ
үүЦۣҲССڵĺš
˵˹ţ;С˵һ䣺лл
ᣬˣЦе
˶ЦЦүү࣬ʢүүԵ㣬̫ˣҪ٣϶ǶԱģ
үүҪƾܣڳԲˣ
Ӳʢò£ƺܾûôõĶһ߳һ͵͵Ĩᡣ
ͷ⣬ʱŮĽүү¶һĨ΢ЦοмЩĳɳˣǺ£Ůû
ĻҲһƬгۣãһתô쿴гһĻ
үүˣءҲˣϣҵ취̫ˡ
ӼӣһΪѱأû뵽ǵһʵġ
治֪ĸʲôƯòƢ˵㣬˼Ҳ°ĹζҪЦˣ
*
͹һĺദɢɺӸˣҲԽ׽
Щʣ֮ǰҲ˵Ŀ˵ǻӹģôÿôҲ찡
ĻЦˣãsrdsÿǲǻûбȻϵ
̫ɰˣһֵˣ
Ҳ֪һıĲ
ĲֹһˣүүҲ
Ȼһӡ󲻺ãѾ֪ϴˣ˵һ˵ǷǲֵˣȫûҪĿ
գۣãȻ֪˿Ҳ˳۰ɡ
ģɺԾ
ЦݣҺСʱȥˣҰ֣ÿֻʱܼһˣġ

һƬɺЩԼ˵һø
¾õĵĻȴըˣ|ۣʲôְɣ
ϸ˼֣Ưö֪ô͹ģڻϵ˭֪ôģ
˵źҵģҪƯðɣкӽ͵Ļ˵ǹҶţ
үү˴üͷ塣
˵ºڣ̳ϸ⾫ɶԼĺӣȴǿǵ⣬ϴҲ·֪ģڰ⺢һֱߣѵǸϴһ
ĵףԸš
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ͺɺҵүүŽ۹ñ
ĵڶͷˡҵĴѾĵòˣ쿪ʼȥϼܻܿΣαүүѧϰñ֮ǰɣɶһԼǰе
滹һЩ˵ʲôĲñǴˡ
õЦˡ
ĿºˣԭûйҪ֪һñ֣һ˿ܶҪʱܱ֯һ˵֣ʹŵҪҲѡ
ĻҲˣһϣ
Ŀеǿˡ
ĿΪ̫гˣҪ𣿡
Ļõ˵ͬΪھͷɺҲԾŴ̫ͣˣүүҪһñӶðʱ䣬ǲ˯𣿡
͵ͣʣһ㣬ȥϼһġ
ȴûֱӾܾǿˣ㿴˼רҵ˶ǹˣǲǵøһ£
Ŀ˳һ£ݹͨһ˵㲻Ը⣬ҲԲܣֻͬû˽
ȴЦ˭˵ҲԸ⣬ֻôѵ񣬾һͺͳӣ̫ˣһٽô
һζԷͷԣǻԸһٽۣôǵĿ۳һʳĿ顣
Ļ
ΪˣĿ鲻ˣ
ܳȻе۵ģ
ñͬⰡҪʧˣҶ㣡
ӦӵĽѵ˵Ĳǲõģ
ۣżǰҶЦˡ
ڶżǽĿλε塣
ɾͷȴԥĵͷû⣡
עֱȫпһ£ŭǲŹˣ
үүѾˣȻҶģʤ㱾Ͳ򣡡
Ҳкأ
ЦһĴСôܻ᣿Ĳ˵ζ䶨ˣ϶ǲ֪ñѣ
ǲģ²ǹүүүү½Ŀ¼Ʋȥ
|ۣпܰ
һʼֵת۵ĹҲһĳ嶯׷ѱ䣬Ϊ˵˼ûУżðͷˣĻȫǶԽ𱸡
*

үүûٿˣˣ޷ʱ䶢Ļ
ϵ£ϰ֮࣬Ȼ뵽ܿŮżڴֱĿͽĿĵ¡
üͷ壬۵һ˿ʧŮһǰ㵥
ͷĵݿת£˿
ӽ֪Ӽ꣬ŮҪԸֻҪ㹻|ӣһȻ
һЦ˿ĺ˿ˮֻҪţһ
Ȼܵ˽ĿĶ⣬ʼ磬⣬תͷͿ۰ͰͿԼˡ
ɺΪѵĳ嶯ˣñѱˣүүܿ죬ɵ춼ɲˡ
̾Ϣû£ǲͣҲһġ
үүͰ͵һĨЦݣԣû£緹үү˺ܶࡣ
ãõĻöһʹ
ֻҲ⣬ӦֻΪٽĽƷ֮ҵӻùܶࡣ
ο죬Ŀٲ׸ôĽץˡ
ʧЦҪѽһࡣ
ɺ&ͣ
ĻѵˣС·
ôܣɺţѵѧ
ҡҡͷ
ô˵ࣿɺЩż϶ᱻģ
ĻáᡯˣѾˣ
ЦЦߵүүߣɹɵĽ۹̽ľͿʼ֯һʼɬ
Ҫһүүô
ż֮󣬱֮ټӿ죬ԽԽ죬һñĶ˾ͳ֣ټ
ڼ|²۵ĹڣЩһ
ۻ𣿾ͳĹոջ̵ģȻѾˣ
˵𣿲ҴſӽĿأ
ɻȴֱܺͶԷ޷õ𣬹Ǳ˶ˡ
ʱɺʳ룺ĵһ
һЦɫȻԣҼãոտүү࣬ͼˣָҲٶҪܶ࣬Բ⣬СʱӦÿԸ㶨
Ļ
ԭСң
ãˣù嶯ģͷˣ
ûüصֱĽϰü΢
Щϡ


242  242 
ĿҪ, ֯Ҫֱ䡣
һֱھͷǰ֯
һʼүүָһȺƺ̫ˣһͨ, ȫòٻ, Լ, æר־ı֯, ˣϳ
үүľùڶֺͦǵ, ոҲԼ뵱Ȼ, ε棬ĻĬתƻ⣺үү̫ɰ, ںСñɣ
, srds, Ưÿٿ찡ĸģ
Ȼôã
үүͣƯã
ȻҲүүĶǹյߣүү㿴Ŀ첻ѽ
үүһ۾ɴˣ죬̫ˣŮɡ
˵꣬үүͷ١
Ц, ҲЦˡ
ֱָֻ˺г
˵, Сʱɣʱ䵽Сʱʮʱ, ͳ깤ˡ
ʱ׼˯, ʮ, ĵط˯Ҳ֪ɶˣȻҪ˯ʱϤ׷֣ݲ˲ˣ
͵ͷ˵ôˣǲŻСӺͼ޵ĺӴˣ
ǡԱ뷿䡣
ݶһ˺죡
ͷһ£Ϥĸоӿ²Ǳʲôʣ
ԱڨЦǸ϶ĵͷѾ֯һñȥء
ݣ
ܣҲûķ񶨣żСʱ²͵ת
ԱҡͷûУڶأЩڿֹСʱͻȻ۸ϽȥһƷˣ
ݣ
ֵƤ˲ֻԴһأڴϲ
ɾͷȫģģֱ϶вˣУ
ݻ³һŹԱȥھͷ󷽣ӹñһ˿뷨Ҫǲϸʹ
ֻֿϸ֣û˵
ñӣҲȱ㣡
Сʱ֮ǰóȻӦǴΣİСʱñеѵ۷壬ʱ첻һżĺ
ƷôŬָĥˮˣ
ҪǲϸҾȥٱⶫۿɣû˵
ݿ㰡ҼĵƬ
ݸ߶оһƵ˵ɣһٽ׺һٽۣͺȥе
̫ˣ
ŮԺҲˣ
ɺֱӱQˣ̫ˣȻӮôཱƷ
ܹٽʳͥ˵Ǿ޿ˡ
үүЦۣʹõҲ𴽰꣬˿
ҲЦˣһְġ
ԭﱻסʮ죬ͽĿ鶷ʵڵòᣬȻĿиǮҪǻˣѶԭ򣬸ǮҲô˵ġ
үүûУһĿ
ܲһһ㣬һʱϵ硣
*
ڶǸϼ
Ŀ񣬲ֹûýӣһ˿û
ϼүүһЩãͱ֯Ĳñ׬һЩǮһЩȱĶ»ʣµʱ䣬ɷӡ
ԾӪ˿ûʲôȤҲûʲôһֱڲߡ
ֱһḶ́˭ģֱչ᲻뿪󲿷˶Ѿʱȥ
ŲһǧĹۿͷЩοˣʱҲϵ˽
绰սͨЦʹôǲǻ֣ˡ
סһʱЩ˵
Щ϶ûֱ
ҲǣæŶȨʱעЩ
Ƭ̣ǽ˵ˣáƺЩС˵һֹ֮ܿȶˣǳˣ˲ٷ˿䴦״̬Щò׼Ҫô졭
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ֻǽͬ˽ǮͲ
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绰һ£鳯Ųصĵطȥ͵˽Ҫ֪յȦλߡ
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⻰üͷ壬ɻ󣺡ˣ
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˵⣬ҲЩ
Ȧܻġ
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תαжǿ
תʷ϶գʮСﾪˡ
һۿȥȫǿޣɫ䣬Ҳ֪û˵ѣ񶼲нɵġ
СѾͷŮȴԼĵߣ㹻ɼãƫƫԣһˣͽ׾ʦδ绰ϧϣҳӺӵĽ
һδεĵ绰˽ʵպתĿ˴˴εļƻû뵽һ档
ҪǿЩүҪοѣ۰ɣ
һ˵ʲôҵȸţʣµ취
úáһڴӦ
˵绰üͷ˼׼ĸȽܹ࣬ս˵Ľ񱡣
*
תֱĵ죬Ҳˡ
αڲĿ齱ʳġһǮʳǰ£ΪүүһʳлҵĿƷˣɽһг
ͷЦЦΪʲôҪг
ĹԱЦͺɺ˵ѧУԶÿζҪһСʱгֻҪСʱͿˣʡʱ䣬ȻҲԾܾ񣬲ûκγͷ
պĩͺɺ˾Աߣ⻰ҡͷɺҲҪг϶ûˣѾԵúܺˡ
ԣҲͷ괽ڵԵЩࣺɽﲻȥ˽Ŀ齱ĶҲһ߲ˣûлˡ
˻ûзֽĿһαһѣ⻹Ǹ԰ɣֱͺ
ʵҲͦҵģÿָӶˣΪ˲ŮȽôŰ
ͬڹۿֱĵЦһôȣôһԵľꣿ
ɺ͵ľܾδӰжϣΪѵüѵҪȥɽϴԣҸȥǸҸҪ֪һֻȸǱ
ԱɿһѵӱһСϪܶ˶׽ԣȥˣ㻹ͦġ
ɺϲԣҸܻץ㣡
ֵĵͷӳš
ף۾һƺڴֻǺܿԥˣ׽˭
Ȼ㡣Աɫٷָ
ɱ㣡
˵Ŀôôģָһ·ԭΪԭĽ񱡣
ǵԭһ㶼ģ
ôѰһгǲɣ
Աʱ裬ѵһгٿǮأ
Ƥ΢ָ̧ϵף֪·Ǯɱһ㣬·϶ˣңҪֽ𡣡
ԱסָӵĵҲסĻֻĻһæգûë·＾¿һ
ԲۣŽ
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ȵȣǲˣҪŮɱ㣡أҶɱ㣡
΢УҲ˷ЩɱûнСҲҡ
ӳ룬ҪûҪ⳥Ǯɣ
Ǯ²
ݲǮģԸǮܣһҪǰɡ
Աʵת棬Ͱ͵ĿҪֻүү绰Һǰ
С۾ôŹԱˮһƬԱκˣҲûȵݷԸֱӾ͵ͷԣ
£һüЦֱСһӣߣȥץ㣡
࣬ϤĻٴγ֣ܾþͷǻӰƺв
˰ɣ
һҡҡͷ
ܵģ
׽㣬ɵģ˵ɱ㣡


243  243 
ʮӺ
ͺɺӱߵСϪ
Ѿʮ·, ɽˮЩ࣬СϪϪˮ峺, ܿкЩΡ
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ӦǽĿŵġ˵
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ĵͷЬࡣ
ͺЦãʵܼѣҪ죬Ҫվ治㲻ʱ֡
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ʮѮˮ, һȥ, Ķһ¡
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⣬ǵҵݴ˾
ԭһˮͼˣɫ΢䣬³嵽ߣǲ̫ˣҪȥ˶һ£Ȼ´
ڰ֣û£ȸ㶨ˡ
źŵӣЩģȴû˵ߵһԵš
Ļ˵ģոҿĵˡ
죬˼δ꣡ȻҲ
һ۹ŮᣬҪǲŮǵѧ
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Ļ⣬ѾɫĿתĶԼߵС㡣
ͻһСѣҪ嶯ҪĿ꣡
˸okƣʾףȻһֱȣֱȷĿ꿪ʼεûֱֿ׼ĲˮУٴоһ㡣
ɹ㣬ƯСһƬϲתͷͺɺˡ
ѽɺһ̫ˣ
ĿȴʶǹЦݵϣðûŲڷӦ˰ģɺƣ磬㿴һξץסˣ
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ݼ޿ֻܸɰͰ͵ѵɱ㻷ڣһװ˵ĶӶɱ⽿|С㣬϶Ӳҡ
ԣԻ񣬿תһ룬ĵܳ|С𣿡
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һֱ׷ֱĽүүԼŮȵĽϰ
һڼһڹ˾ͬڹۿ
ȻͱĲ޵ˡ
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Ϊˣүүͽϰ˿Ƿǳȷ֪⺢ûȥӣҲûȥץ㣬һξ̫ˣ
ǽϰٴθıԭŮеĿ
ԼеĸӴ
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ֱ˶̲ס˴ǣүүԾԼĺȷŮ죬̲ס绰ҫһ£㿴˰ֱǰˣ⺢Ӻܴ
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үүˬʵЦˣҲڿ㿴û˵ңƴͻҴ绰ˣæŹ˼ңڰң˶ְ֡
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ԭ׼һļƻҲˣӶڣһ͹ˡ
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֮ǰǴδýӴ˾ҵΪʱĽ̫ˣ޷еκΣھֱӱϰҪ֪ϰǸ񣺡ˣѧ
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СѾѧᾡץסǰĻᡣ
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ĺүүĽ
ɺ£ҲЩĽĵͷ
ŽţǿɲǣֻÿóĲһɺɼͺܺѽȸ߿϶ܿõĴѧ
үүĵЦˣţҲ
ɺЦЦЩɬһŬģ
ĻҲףһҪͰ֧ǣ
ǳĺӴܺãũĽԴûãû취£ǻǺܰģ
ףͻȻСҲܺÿѽ
ͺܺÿ磬ҲǸ˧СҵĹŮ̫ˣȫûעǣ
Ůÿ
һˣɺг̵˽ţʱ࣬Ϳʼ
ĳѾǰɨȻªԭһʱɾܶ࣬ˮȥһɱ㣬ͬʱþͷܿ
Ѫȳ棬ǲҪ˿Ϊá
ֻǡ
ĵһĻ
Ҳɱ㣬ŮҪʧҲûϵҪѹ
ƯãͣԵģ
ԭĵݣҲڴʱָһЩ۰Ͱ͵ĿĻвϵ󣺡һҪʧܣһҪʧܣ
Ľ˵ͦصģСﻹС
ڶѾڴ񱱩귢ƢˣֻϣεҪʧ̫ܵס
ֻǵʮӺӰʦϢ࣬ءݣɱˣ
鵰
Ļɱ㣡
ôܻأ
ŴõȥϴʱĻҲѯôƯСþȻɱ㣿оûͦõģ
ҷ˻ˣ
ɺҲͬ棬˳ѯʣȻĸ㶨ˣ
Ȼ԰˵Ҽã֮ǰȥг㷷ɱ㣬˲裬ոһ£ǳɹ
ɺ⣿
Ļ⣿
ô򵥾ͻ᣿
СңƯ
ѵɱ㶼㶨ˣǵݡĻǽˡˣûеˣҲû˵öóԣܳԾС
óԣҲ˵óԵģ
˽װñ׾һЩɺָ£ҲɹճһӲˣ㡢㡢峴ӡȵȡ
һУʱҲСʱ
Сʱ
ݿžͷﳯԼҪƷŮܻˤ˼ƻҧгݵ
Ǽֱڵͺˣ
Աæȥֿ⣬׼õгֻ
õˣ
ûֻ绰ҲûҪϵˣĿõͨѶ豸ĿкԭһԹһζ˷ʱ䡣
ɴ˳ŽĿߣһ潵ǵľ裬ΪԼѾ
˵Ҫõֻ˴绰Ҳûɡ
Ļܶ࣬˰ֻȴû绰ǵųܡ
Ļʲôˣ
Ŀ飺
ˣӦץסҪܣˣ
ݷԸһĿ鹤Աˣ׷ȥֱܣС¯˿Ĺǰš
ǱŵˣһļС
ȻûԶ·ͱסˡ
ĿһѷǰҪѺһ˸ǵֻ
гè˼лһȥһһ߶ֻ壬ûұˣҵɣҵĸ˲ƲңyļҴ壡
Ŀ飺
Ȼˣ


244  244 
תα
ڶ̶ʱ嵽һ, ˵Ĺע
һģֱжǰ鶼¼ˣͬʱĲ龭, ӽĿı֣һҹ侲ʼͽĿ, һЩڵĺһ, ѾЭˡ
ƯڻһõֻͼͨĻ, ˶ΪһϷʱ, СֱսƷг, ýĿȫ׷𣬽ֲˣĿΪΪΪܡһʵԵ֤ݡ
󣬲ʣĿǷΥˣ
ǷΥˣ
󲿷˶û, ֪⵽Υ񣬸֪ЩαͽĿûǩԼǲ죿
ֱӱһ, ȫ
Բۣúøհ
ȻıˣĿж, ֱҲûˡ
ı, ΥҲ֪֪Ŀˣ
ʵҺ, Ա, ֮ǰαΪʲô
˭뵽, μӽĿļαŶ󰡣
6666úãÿοŽĿͷαԸҶƣĿǿƼαַɰɣȻܲȥ
ұ϶ǲԸϽĿǽĿǿԵΪѾΥˣ
ͬ죡ֽĿˣƯüͣǣ
˵硣һһµ򣬱ǡĿߵˣֻôģ
*
ҵۣʵеҴ壬Ҳʮ֡
˶סˣҲ⶯ܹ֡
Ŀǻŵһ
ֱֱﱨ˳ͼĿ׷ҪֻʱֱûأҲûأĳǰ֤ݣ
ܲ˶ԶģûУοĿг
ʱѾַ˵ˡ
绰ʵʱ¼˵׷ֻȥҲ⣬һ׺ݻŵУЦʮ᣺űţˡ
ˣʲôĸݱĺ
޹գۣûаֲ¼ƽĿǷǵ¼ƣǴȨǴ˵ǶˣȻѰ󾯲İǴС˵ġ
ݺ㲻¼˵
˵û𣿡Ǻȥ
סǣĵһֵùݣֻǵʱ˭ҲûϣǽĿļαô࣬ÿúܾңЭˡ
Ϊ֪زȥġ
ôھȻи˱
ôܱأ
޷ϵݣѾִˣܴġ
ûϵϡ
Ϊȥˡ
ִˣһʱѣô컹治˵ǽȻû꣬Ǽ໤˵˼Ѿʮˣֲļ໤ˣֱ䱨첻˵ȥ
ݱݴͷǺڡ
ΪǵǮͽŵͶʻͷôڣ
յеλ͵һ֣ݶϴӫĻĳ嶯Ҳ⣬һһӾ綼ˣûԸͶʣգΪܽύһЩˣΪϷ·ڡ
ϵ̨˵ֶڽ䣬˵绰áոձˣֱ䣬ִˣܲ㡭
˵õֻ𣿡һЩǣԼ
ݿЦⶼˣһֱܺã˵ɾϵһ£Ҳû뵽ᱨ
ܳһһҧүүͬģǣңǮټһǧ򣡷֪а취һҶȦ첻ȥ
һ֪Ǵ˦ˣʧȥ˷˼á
˿Ҷϵ绰һʱڵصţŴ֣ͿһѸţȵǸǱˡ
㿪һƵպ˵ǰ꣬ɫѾѿ˼¡
Сã
Ĩ˰ĿĻ˼ô
*
һͬڿֱˣһɫҲˡ
ǽүүŮɵˣ㵵ĿϹܼңôͱˣ˵Ŀܣ
ܼһԿүԽԽͿ飬һ£úеԼŮʱֳίڵĺӲأҲμӽĿĿ鲻ߣȻñˡ
үίⲻΪ˵¿ǩͬͬģҪҲֵȥ
ܼҳĬ룬ǰοҲͬˣһֵز
ү̾ϢɫģΪŮҪ绰ֻõһԵˣǱеܣǲԶġ
ϰҲͬĲˡ
ںͽүү绰ûмֱ̫˷ʱ䣬ùֻǹ֮࣬Ҫ򿪣ֱ䱻ˡ
ԲԾ
ϰһʱһϢҲûþͿˣ꽪ϰȻͷȴֵĽ
Ůһûϵ¡
ºƯ
ϰ칫ϵ绰սֻͨˣǽġ
óɣϰֱӽ˽ĵ绰
ŮģȻøĶԴ
绰ͨ˵ѾˣҪ໤ˣʦҲһһʦŶӡ
áϰ̵Ӧ
Ůһûʲô˵˵ˣ͹ˡ
绰ڿ٣ýϰĮ˶ЩûӦЦȴԽŨŮˣ
һҲ״ΪŮĹ֪ͨʦԼȥˡ
ΪˣɻȽϰʦϵ߾ʱѾǰˡ
ɿЦСѾͷʱĮһԣ⿴ŶǽĿˣϻӣü˶ΧҪˡ
ƺˣתͷöվھſڵˡ
ʮͷӡ
׼ȷ˵·ʮͷ˱üãһֱڶһۿȥֵû˵ߣĸߴǻһ˳Ķţп㣬ҲͶʮӣȫѾһʮŮ
ʱĽϰȴһװǺЦЩУɴ۾ȴʮĮһ˹İࡣ
ĿϣϰЦ࣬ǰ˵ûã
˾ڸֲƾϣΪĿļαȻҲһϰЦģãǽĿҲǾͬ⣬Ů˵һ¾ô˳Ը㹻⳥Ǹ
ϰͶԷ֣ȴûӦǿ
δ̳˵ı־ǿʼԸ
ҵļ໤ͬ⣬ȴûͬ⣬ͬǲģAеYУһ·ҶҪ뿪ҵֻѺҵֹ֤뿪ͬ⣬ֱΪǽĿıȡ棬׷Ȩ
ɫҰȥĿŽϰǵҲ֧ˡ
Ҳϰһĳ˵Ǯҵģ⣬ǸǽϾ谭ܰҵһߵûдǮλݵ˻𣿡
ֱˣСѾͷȻµˣ
ڸ߽Լû


245  245 
б˲ռ˵
ϰܳ, ʹŽˣѾӵвͬķˡ
ｪϰǰԵܲãǴȱİԵܲ, ɺɵСɰů
֮⣬ˣ಻ܹ̽үүŽ, Ϊ˽ϰ, ȵߣ, ˭Ŷû, ֱӱǱĸϳҡ
ȻȻûܳΪĵ, ѾʼԼˣԶԹ㹻˵ˣǵȻǳڣϽá
Ը, ǽϰȽϺʡ
ԭһѧЩǮԼȴͶû, ڣ˷ʱ䡣
ϰŮķЩ, Ů, һԹǺ£û뵽ŮһƽĶԻ
Ȼͷ, ȻѾ˽, ǽ̤ʯѾûˡ
õ, һЦ˵ұ¼ˣʣµĽʦаҰס𣿡
ȻϰЦͷȥ
Լﴦ
Ǽ໤ˣЩ鲻ӱܡ
ѾҵĵݣҴӦҺ£ŮûдӦ㣬£ûȡõͬ˽|㣬ʦ̸̸ҪЩΰɡ
һ£·ǻը˻ǰڣһڳϡ
߶ˣȻһʮСʪЬӣ
ĵģ군ˣ
һǻ۵ֻǵһòǱңҿ԰ѽϵҵ֤ݶǮŵԺĵӵӰͶҲģ
ֺĵ֮ǰ緢ھͷָ㽭ɽˣŪһļαǱǱסǸʱǵġ
ɫҰףͷңֻʣһߵ·ӷ
ţȴû˿ͬ飬ԭôΣֻһΣǺˡ
ĮȻ㲻˵Ҳ֪֤ҲΪƿ㽻ûйϵ治㣬˵йϵ
ݺס޴ίᶼˡ
ôͲ£ȴҪΪƿ
ɼʹܣǲıġ
ݵѾռ࣬иϸĵȡ֤ԼС
*
רҵŶӴ飬ģתĿֱҲеһжڼ֤ˣҽڶҲ
һֻԪһƽ塢ԵȵȶǺü򣬾ôˣ˽˴ˣвͬ⽫Ҵ壬ͬΥ
̫ץĵ㣬ڽϰ֧£ʦŶӺݺݵҧһ⣬ΪյܵݺƬˣе˾󲿷Σֻȴ̡ͥ
ʱѯ˽ϰ֣źˡ
һȻɺìܣɹǽϰĹɺֻһʮСƫƧɽ󣬱ôһ˹Ȳסģ飬ɺҲƵƵãǽϰ۳ˣ˺ı硣
үүһҲԭڹȻģеΪͽĿʱҲ
һǮ࣬һ¡
̫Ҳպϰٴע⵽ɺֻǽ
һŪˣ˲ճƷ͵ңҳһٷΪһνĽ
үүֱм֮顣
ͺɺڽ䣬ѯʣˣ
͵͵ֽдʲôɺͷˣһĻһʮ飡
ıϣǰ鶼ЩĻѣһʶ˵֣ǲòա
ӵһõѧϰôѧ׬Ǯ
ЦЦõԴүү˵ЦŮ
ʵ֮ǰԼסδоʲô࣬ºͣܺദªĻ˵һ⣬ֵúӦ㱵Ϊһˡ
ڣһ붼Ǯ
ˡ
нлԤ֧δǮǮǲܵȻ費ҪҪģھ͵üš
ע⵽͵Ŀ⣬ͷЦЦ
ڵպ˺죬ܾС¹һŲĿ⣬ʹü۴𼸷ֿɬ
*
찲ٺˣ㹻Ǯ뿪ˡ
Щڽݵ£ҲѾ˶
ϰǲģ˳յһǮԽߵһѣʱֵòСΧ˶֪ˡ
Ҳ½үү֪ˡ
ٻȥʱ鶼Ѿ˺ü졣
ΪˣүүڼΪýӷϴ˳Ǹ
ڽϰչ»صңƿŽүүЦݵӭӹһʧ˵ôүү绰үүȥ㰡
ⲻǻ𡣡Цܼҡ
ܼҽӹõԷһòжȵĸлתȻòԣֻ
⡭
ôһֽϰĸо
ܼͷ΢ѵһεŭ˰ˣ
˼˴ܼͬĿ
δܵʱڽүүߴ£ɫѿһĨЦݶ˵Ŀ£øĲá
ԣø֪ˣһֱ𣬰ͱˡүү貹
΢΢һЦʣ֪ˣˣ
Ȳ΢΢ͷȥȴöԷڸԼһӸ߸ζĸһģһ
ͣʻѿʶɸ첲үүһ£ˣʱͬգϰͻȻ֮ǰŲʵŮģԼҲаѱϣֻˡ
ҧø粻ãһʱϣʵҲһ£Ը˵䣬Բ𡭡
°㣺ϴͦ׵ģһϴԭ£˶ٵѾһ仰
ȻǡΪԭԼˣӿڴͳ׼õĳԿףϣϲ
ӹһ£Ӳ£Ӳ輸һ豭ڽͽүүɻĿУŽҹȥ
顪һʵĲڶͷϣһĶ
ҽһѸٺŶͷҵײԴˡ
үүʲô
ȻǴˣˣֲĻƿҹȥһ죬ƿˣ۵Ľ۾ûü
̧ȥнӡ
ʮֱӱߵ˺üһƨ|ڵϣȴպڻƿƬϣʱһҵĲҽ쳹ӣ
׼ˣүүĸֱɤӺ
ʱֳѾ˵ˣҲŭˣһˣҪûᱻŭգʹ̧־Ҫץͷ
ΪһˣŮԡ
ֻ
֣Ť㿪һ̧Ÿ߸߹ȥСš
һرӶߵˡ
ۻ|ıӣ붯֣貿һʹ׵ڵʧȥս
үүżˣҪǰж㣬ȹʱѾڵϡ
ҲѹŽֶ̧һ⡣
ž|ž|žڿûߵĹܼҶˣƤ˲ͷһͿ֮ǰĽˣȴȵ²һֻ֣ʣʵʹ
ܼҶʱֱӵתͷ̾Ϣһ~
ʮǰүӻסǣڡп
ֺֿݣмܣŲҲ̶á
үү۵òУ϶ϲŮһʱ鼱ҪŮ֣ƶˡ
оƷ磬ʶ֣ƣֱһƨ|ڵˡ
˼˹Ĵ|ֱ෢ٵĺȡ
֣ͣȵѽүүôˣ˾ҽԺȥ
һöӶ˷׷æ⵹ڵϵˣӶ˳ɣС㣬𣿡
áָŽˡ
Ӷ˶һ£̧ŽүүĶԽˡ


246  246 
ؼҵһ, ɷ˽ͬʱýүүסԺɹķᡣ
ϰŴ, æļֶͣ, һʱﶼ, Ŀ, ЩŵסԺˣأ
ҡͷϵҽԺ, ̫, һʱѪѹ, ˿סѾû, ҲƤˣʹ, Ҳûʲô
ϰԽ㵣Լһ˴ģ
ǵġ϶ĵͷࡣ
լǱߴϢһʮС, һʮĳ, ڵϴ׳ͷˣؼĳЩⲿλҲˣûȥҽԺ, ԼѺ, ùܼҰæġ
ϰоЩͷۣЩЦ, ôһ, ŮȻôˡ
Ⲣᡣ
ϰϲ, ֻ, ڽֹ˾˾ͼ
ȻԼĺܺãôȥˣʱǹɳ徢ҪѪҺΪ֮Ŭˣ
ţϰֻ绰
绰һͨүүڵ𣺡ǲ̰ģôͻȻôݣһСҼҵģȻˣĻԼø磬ոӣҪҶΪǷˡ
ϰƮƮѵô򣿡
үүɫһͣῶѾǸˣ㻹Ҫô
ڣðǸǲҲˣϰ˵
үү
˵ôһ
ɺ־ʵһģڱ顢Ǯ۸Լãڽֱӵˣˣ¿һһ
޷ǽǸŮӣƫƫˣиŮӵ
ֻȻϰЩƽʱʵҲûعܽ˵Ҳûʲôá
үүĬ죬ҧô˵ҲøһЩɣûܵʲô˺ɰʵʵˣһҲһ˹ġ
粻ҵģϰ
һ仰ýүүٷ
ϰҲûȫؾ˵һһЩҵ
үүˣȻЩģɵõϰɿѾܺˣȻѾ˼͵˾нϰѳţܽӴĶʵڲࡣ
ƫƫ⺢ÿ¶þľˡ
׽ͨҲˡ
үүתͷϵӡ
ǵĶԻʱүү΢үү㲻˵ˣˣҲӦõġ
ʲôӦõģҲܴ˰ĶЩطүүۣ¾ͲˣҪֻҲˣҪĵطˣҪӰô죿
ϵĿЦסĬĵͷ
үүְοҲ֪Ĳԣ˵һЩҵҪúðգ
ϲѣİ
Ȼүү϶ģүү|Ц
Цˣ۵ȴǶȨ̰
ϣܻһõģ
*
Źһ绰ֽӵһ绰
ε绰ǽϰġ
Цһ£ͬˣǺһͬˣһϵе£ͻûʮԭͬҲýϰ׸ı˶̬ȣҪ绰
ͨ绰绰Ǳߣͳɤºͣĺ£̯ˡ
ЦݣͬһŮһ㣺Ȼ̯ҪôҰء
ϰЦĻشӦŮΪ֮ǰͶܣҶ˵ԽºͣҴˣүү˵ˣҲøһЩر
磿ʡ
˾ϰࡣϰ˵
ðˬͷƺѴ⡣
еҰˡ
ϰ죬ȻΪʧְ꣬Ҳ֪Ů˵ʲô׼ҵ绰
ȵȣס
ϰ£
⹫ŸոոҴ绰ҹȥһˡ˵¶һĨЦݣֻ
ԭĸΪҴ󲮣үүһֱŽҴ󲮣ԭ⹫Ǳʮֲ궼ûͽȻŮǺܺõġ
һԭ֮ԱϳҺ󱻽۸˰Ϊڽ⹫Ǳߵܼҹ˾ƲΪϰѾϲɺҵͳ£˫һ˽ϰûжܼҽаɶԷƲ
ΪǳƲܼƲһЩʽܼ⹫岻ãһѡ
ǡԭ˫Ҳûܼ˻ӱϳҵŮԭͳˡ
ڽϰ绰֮ǰӵľ绰ôԭҵһʱ绰ˣֻǵʱyУֱ죬Ǿ绰ˡ
ǰĸһ򵭶ĽϰҲ̲סЩͷۣٲ绰ǱŮ²ʱ״̬һʱЩЩЦûӾ˵ˣ͵ſְЦɣ
Цѽȥǲȥ
ȥϰ
绰ҶϣԣΪոյĵ飬Ժˣʾӣ|ȥĮ࣬۽Ƕһ˿Ц⣬ȴǶȻ࣬üۼִȰ
ϰ㶣ԼЩİָоᡣ
һôƯ£Լ㹻ļ̳ˣ̬仯Ҳ
֮ǰѣ˵ôõŮǲܺúչˣеչˡ
*
룬ϰȥ֮ǰϵܼҡ
ܼҲ˶ֻԭĸ׺һӣҲľ˾ˣ˾˵ĶΪѧȥ˹⣬ҲΪչ˶ӣȥˣĿǰܼҲԼܼҾ˾ˡ
ȻˣͽϰʱڿɳǵţҲ㣬ûġ
裬硣ϰĺһȻ߰ŽүүҲɫɶԵĳǷǳġ
ܼˢˢüͷҲ
ϰͷЦάŹ߳侲վһԡ
ͷ˫Цͬԭһ㻶м䣬Ǽһ㣬Լм£ѣүҺǰ
Ҳ㣡ܼһʱüЦһ꣬۵ˣֺүүȻ͵ֵط˵ʱˣ
Ǿǣ治ǸҪչ˲úӣܼǿ϶չ˵úúõأܼ⹫Ÿͣ۽ϰ˵ҿ϶˵ҪľǰİְˣӦðԼͽȥ
ϰҪϴ
мĵͷǱ߻Ĳã˯ıӶʪģһ϶кöû˯ãűҼ໤ͬˣֻƽԣ̫ˡ
ϰ
侲ߣڴʱһŮˡ

ǵõʹŲ˹ȥע⵽˷棬Ͽɶװ׾ģ˵ôң
Ȼ߿˸ֱܼӽһҹȥĹεģŮƴµı͸ộҪ⺢˵쵰
ܼҲʮֽϰȫû뵽ǻֱӶ֣ûһֱӱϣ飡һ˵ͦģԴһ¡
δ
ϰɫˣõĶмϷŮ
ע⵽ˣ̧ۿȥĿʱϰʾ㡣
Цһ£ѣҰֵң
ܼŸϽȥͷɫˣֱǰָıӺ𣺡㻹ɰԲˣΪףƽʱæŹûչΪŮûʧְڽúһ͵ĵطܱܿ࣬˵ˣϰǰô֪ôѪڽŮ޸ˡ
һָ𣬲һ֣ƫƫ˵Ľϰƿԡ
ûϵԽϰѾѵˣƫƫǰӵĸףֻɶԷӣùѪͷ
ɳϣЦĿţϧڵܽЩ
ֱ󣬽ϰûƢˡ
͵ЦСѾͷͷ״ŭȴһֹΡ
ϰ˵㣬˲Ŵܼ뿪
ԱҲ˵һ˯ˣ׾СЩ񾲣ȴֿɰϰܼܵڣ;þƣʱȴ˯ûûΣ̲סҪһǳе˯ô̹
ƫƫȥȴٳûȥ
ˣ˯ô죬Ū˲̫á
ϰ֣üͷţˣⲻԸرġ
СѾͷ֪ߵغܼǰҫҫ治֪ԺǸԼģ


247  247 
ûмլס
ڻ֮ǰ, ͺͽϰЭ飬Լѧţĩʱȥ, ʱѧϰιһ˾
լ, Ϊ˴һ, ˳үү
Ϊȥһż, һ, ϰʱ, ɫӵĿһ, ΪʲôˣϢһ졣
˵ڶ, ʰȥˡ
ҵլӻͦģܹ˾Ҳз, ˸߼Ԣסš
ߵ죬үүϢ, 绰˵û, ֱӻؾòַˣҲûپ¡
Ҹ㶨ˣ͸ùˣ, ϰͶһСβ͡
빫˾ĵһ, ˡ
ûдװװˣ̫, ˴Ҳĳ
ԾӢĽϰ߲ר, һϰ߷ڵȵݵԱƵƵĿôСѽݵĺû˴𣿡
һ΢곤Ա²ӦǽԼĺӡ
кӣ˾
ˣ
Զ, ֪, ˵ϰյ;ͽˣڶӣš
յԱ𾪡
ܴҶ֪ϰ˺ӣΪĹԱǶѻкûһоģ͵͵ЦϰԲѹեˡ
û뵽˼кӣ
ӻôˣ̳ܵˣ
ؼǡ
|ۣӺ졣
ݴ򿪣һȺһѷĽȥһӺȻոСǽ|ۣԭǽŮ
˭
ǲ֪һǰɹáתͣڽĿ黹ڸʦŴ˾Ӣ۰˶ܺӣ
Ҳ˵û뵽ǽĺӣ
6666ǹĺӣ
ǵϣûʽϰ࣬ǽϰŮҸŹϰϢʹܹ˾еطֹ˾֪ˡ
ȻûӪʲôֱһ֮ɷĿ飬ø˳Թ˾̸˺ܾã֣ҲΪ˲л֮ȥĴڡ
ʽʼڽϰѧϰɵĻżȥݸȵĹ򣬾ͱΧۣҪǩŪЦá
ϲһõ¡
ӲˮǵЦݻδʧ
ʱϰڰ칫˾𣺡᲻źûܳǣҪ룬Ҳ԰㡣
ãҸϲϾܾ̬ʮּᶨ
ϰԴ̧ͷŮĿ˼ʲôְλ
Ȼǽְ̨λЦе
ϰԸˣ϶Ҫڽļ̳ˣλεҰķоЩĻϲĴ󵨣һǳЦ
һѰ󣬽ϰݹȥһļãҵţǰһ¡
ӹصװڽϰ칫ҵСǹ
칫һΰ
ϰˣϢһ£ͿͷļŮӽӵʼƺûô̧ͷʮרעƯ˸оηС˿û˱飬ִڶĮ
ţϰһֱʱգɳñ
֪|һ£֪ȨҪԣöˡ

ϰЦЦҲ
*
һ칤ϰûӰ࣬ǵȥ㲹εʦѾſڵţȥΰɡ
áӣȷһжûˣŰȥ
ֻǺܲɣߵһ룬һˣüͷ΢һ϶˼Цݣø簡ϵ˶ûãȻˣ氡
Ҳû뵽ϽѾת˶ʶһ£ִһʹҧû취尲ŵĹ࣬Ҳˣһϰô߰ǹ̫ˣ
Цû취̫ˣЧʸߣѲôʱѣø磬˻ôá
ƤĶ
ֻвûãûоһһ¥Ų뿪С˵־ģýһŭ
ˣϰȻôͿʼ˾
뵱ѧҵˣ˰үүİ½빫˾ģ
³еóֻһ뷢Ϣ
ûһϳֻˣԭЩѣԴֱӸ˶ԷЩ˾Ͳϵˡ
ܡݺԭˣҸ򽻵
ֻھȻҹˡ
һӦ뵽ľǽ绰ǱŮ˵˵ˣǿˣѾˣͨ
԰԰ͨͣﻹĸرdjʱ϶֣һڻͲ
ȺʵǺԭһеģҲֻԶԶȲϽң㻨ǮʲôҲȲϣƽʱϲЩֱһΣԭַڿһŶƷñүүŵһʱԭȥ顣
Ȼûʲô⣬Ҳ˽һеĵ
Ⱥˣû뵽Լҹˡ
ЦҾͲˣ̫æˡ
æʲôһæʲôԷЦܺģ
ĵæ˵ҰָǼѽ
绰Ǳߵļ꣺
ͨնȻ仯绰Ů㡭㿪ЦĶ԰ɣ
ңҺġϿң֮ǰݺҵ£ʲôûģϾչһ˾С£һҲðʱ䣬Ÿӣȣǡ
Ļ绰Ǳ߼Цȴʧˣ׷׾㤵ȫû뵽һ绰ȥֵ档
ʼʱŮֱӱŵüһŵǲǹģģ
ڻǲܵģԴҶ֪ؼǽǣֱӸǰ裡
Ҫ˵ֻв
ǲţΪϸĿ¼໤˶ͬˣͬ⣬ǿ¼ƽĿͱ
ڽĿֱӿ̨ŸҪԼһ˵֣֮
ҲΪ˵£Ǽһʼϵ
˵ҪǸĸĹ˾⼸ûһΪֻ˵˵ģõõ
ʮﾭһŵûɢӶֻǸǴˣ֪ˣˡ
һ̵˵ҪҰֲҲԡ
·ת꼱æѯʣҪʲôǸǸǴһٶԣ֣
ԼֶۣʧЦȥʼٸһ٣ᵽ̹ˣҰ־Ͳ֡
ʼٸߣ
˵ȥһһɣȻȴü᣺ǡ
ǽˣҪǶ֣һˣ
ҺͽķӦ֪ôѡ񡣡
˵꣬ҵ绰
µ绰Ǳ߼ɫ԰׵
ô죿
ỹǲ᣿
ʵѡͦˡ
ܿһվȥҪǲȥͽ̬ȣϰڶ˾ˣǼҿ϶ˣҰ֪Ҳ϶ˣû׼˻ԭ£
ϰͽ϶ǽϰ
˵꣬Ҳվɫ׺ݣ˵öԣûһȨҪǼҹ˾ɲף
İְ֣Ͳһˡ


248  248 
մҽԺĽ, ڵڶֽҽԺˡ
һαϴθңȻûûϣɻ¾ûһ⣡
Ŷ˱ӵȺͶ, һСǵһȺ, ڵ³ⱻһȺ걩ᡭ
үүϢܻ, Źڲ𣺡ô£˭ģô͵ôһȺˣ
ϰű, ޷۵ĿɬȴҲֻҡҡͷ
ʾ֪
Ҳ֪
֮ǰƮƮĹȥ, ݺô׹ȥүү֮ԻӦ飬ҲǵͿ, ³ȽңϾˡ
үү޵ò, Ҫ
ɽԸ⣬Ӷˡ
¾ôѹ, Դ˽жиڸ, ǽүүŵ, ȻȨ, Ǯǲٵġ
عûǰ, ͵־͹ˡ
ϰЩ¶֪̤ʯʯͷѾ󲿷ֵ, ϰȻ, ֻһ䣺Ҫɥ־
ᡣ֤һŽ̨ء
ǣϰЦһ, ֶһѹ°֮ǰ㶨
ʼ磬
Ϊԭ𲻼һʱʮ꣬Ҳ뿪ϣңҪɳ϶Կĵزǵöð
ȨǰֻҪ˳һӣõֶΪ
ʵʵһʼװ񣬵ٵѾܶһʱϰ·ŵֹ˾ʵϰ
ʱҲŹһꡣ
ʱϽ٣ѧҵҲû£רŵļҽʦÿ춼ҸСʱĩʱ
ҺδǮ˼ҵСΪ˲Լ۹Ӫ˴ǮӪʦͳʦÿ׼ʳרŵסұķƽʱȫĵͶ빤ѧϰ
Ҳı֣㴫ܹ˾Ƕ˸ֵķֹ˾ģʵҲС
*
ĳɼµֹ˾ʱҲý֪ˡ
ʱһ꣬ԽɱΪ㡣
ͼɵĴĸױǱСԼʮĵֱܵӸϳβ׷ϣϰ׹ڻ
ּɵȻҲ
ǰʵûýԼߣһСһû˽̵Ϊ˴СֻҪԼվܶȥһ䣬ٺ
ڽȴظоѹ
Ϊ㣬ԭȿһЩ£ƺĬѡ䵭ϵ
һעĽһļ̳ˣҪ˾ã֪ܲôѡ
֪ԼĽ˵ĸֹ˾ֱıʡ
ҲһЩԹޣΪĴȲ
ҪҲôڴʱĳ
Ҳûá
ֻ취ֹˡ
Ȼֹ
ɫѿˣΪļҽһˣģ߲˧Ƥ𪣬ʮŮϲ֡
Ŀýڰ顣
˭֪һȥˣֱĩżֵԾΪѧУʦνĶѧڼûʦලܿĳɼ˾̾
ȥһöûУһµʱ䣬ɧѧˣܹҪýǼ죬һֱݡ
ҺãһνȥĹ˾ĿЩϵ
Ŀǰֹ˾æҵҲֻ֪ҪСͿˡ
һ̫˳ˣҲԽ㣬ֻ˳ڿʼжˣ
*
ʲôȻ֪ҲµõϧǸᣬûзû취⶯ֻ֣ż̫ðͷˣһ١
һֹ˾ͦ˳ġ
ȥܣһʮĺӣûʽֻ꣬ѧϰȥҪǸŷֹ˾ܾ
ʳƷҵҵģֹ˾ҪȻ
ʱ¸ƷƳ³µļѹ£ԭĹ˾Ѿˣ˾ģܴǴеϿڱȻⶫɴƷ̫ˣϣϤӣҲѡ
Ҷ֪Լ㣬ŬѰһ㹻ϲĿζٴһ棬һ¾ˡ
Ⲣһ׵¡
ܾһȵıݹȥЩεѾз¿ζˡ
һɨȥͿòˣһֱ½żӪ߽ۿһȴȵһֱ䡣
ȥƷ俴𣿡±ѯʵ
ܾͷȻԣƷһ£ǵڸպҲεġ
ҪġЦŵͷÿֿζһ
õĺõġ
ܾ˿ûе˼ʲôСҲûУҪǶԷ̫ӣδܹ˾ļ̳ˣ㵱ʱû£Ժˣ˼λعԿĻԼ
Ʒܿ쵽ˣһСͲֿ⣬ڷ˸ֻڵİװ
ȥװʱܾæȻ
һڡ
ȻһʮӾͿԳˣʮһӽ⿪룬ӵһȻʼƷ
ŵһڣҡͷ⼦̫ˣһڸǲ˵ζһʳԴԺٺ
ܾˡ
ֻ˹Ʒһ£һôͳֱ¾ߣͦеģ
ܾͷ̣ϻЦŵͷúãҼˡ
ּƷһݵʳģźƬζ˿Ҳܲȵڶݡ
һʮһȻÿһ˻ٵȱ㡣
ȫ˵ˣӶˣ죬ʵˣ
ܾһ£ûñʺͱӣסһ֡
ĬĬóֽʣձŽ֮ǰ˵һһдãȻݹȥĽҲдˣ׼ȥҪĲƷ
ܾҧҧͷͬ⣺ã
ϲ˺ʡܶ£ͷЦģˣǵĹͣãһ˳е
˵ﻰܾŹϵЦݻ˺ࣺܶȥ֪ͨƷ˽ʲô
²Ʒзĵطȥ
úá
*
롣
Ӱ׼ʱӰֹ࣬˾ܲϰ֮ǰѾǰ⽼˷ӣȥҲʮӵ·̡
յңֻϾյһϢͷֹ˾ܼϵ
ϢԴȻǽϰ
һȻ֪ϰԼһ̣ɴδһ죬ȻĻһϸһʱ͵͵͸ң
Ϣ죬ѡ񲦻ȥ
绰ܿͨƺϰڵĻظϢˣ
ˣллְѽ
ϰЩϰߣ΢ú˵
ŶĻһ
仯ô죬ϰˣֲֻ֪ⲻģ㻻˸⣺һζԳȥԺҾͲˣ·סĻϰ𣿡
Цˣϰߣ١
ϰأ
죬ûء
ѵַҡϰ˵
˵绰ͽַȥˣСʱһͲԱķſڣڸߵ
ӹţ䡣
ǹԽȵ60%


249  249 
֮, һֱƷзĵطһδƷƷζֱ, ҪȻҲ, һλЩ⣬ѾﵽҪ
ʣµִȥ
¿Ĳ, ȷǳ˳, ɿİʱͶˣԱüӰ񣬴ҲûʲôԹԡ
ְֱº, ʮһɿһذ¿Ȼζȫ㶨Ĺƹˡ
ǹ˾õļƻƷѸٶһҲԿʼ, йо, ˽ƻƺ죬Լһ̨
, Ҫô, Ҫô㹻ϴ|, , ѡߡ
ֻ̨ƺ, гӪܼ칫ңЩżС㣬ˣ֮ǰµ˵ҪʱƬ, ȻĹ棡
ǩ˺ͬûǩ˾ΥԼ, ûǩͻһ
ܼЦǺ, ֮ǰǩˣһˣѾ˵Ƭ̫꣬æˣĿǰֻǿͷãһֱûҵǩͬʱ䡣
˶٣ֵܲһЩ󣬵ͲһˣǣڵŵúܺȥˣģƷҪǲһڶ죬ǵÿöǮҪǾһã
ΪһͶʳĸޣѾȫɷҪʳģɱҲͬʱˣ֮ǰ۸֮ǰܻز˱
ᶨ
ܼЦˣʵҲû˺ãмǣѾ׼ˣ
ҡҡͷֻϷһƬ˵ɡ
ܼЦһǰȥ˿Ƭеˣɫɻʵĸˣʲô΢˿٣
ɿһһʳպģ΢˿Ӧһңص㲻ھǳԻ󣬳ʳˣˡ
ܼ㵣ԥһ£ĵȻԤ㲻࣬ټһ㣬Ҳһˣʡ
ķһ
ֹܼѾͷɻˣܼû취ֻܳüĽƬԼϣ뿪ˡ
˰칫ңܼ˿óֻĳŷ˸ϢСûҪƼֱӾͶһСԱ߶΢˿һ
׼ˣзǳӰŵǣֻȹ沥ٱԷѡѡԼƷȫ
˵ͬҪҲҪû
ɱӣƷƳƷ·ķֹ˾ʽ𲻶࣬ڴ˻⣬֮ǰǮҪǾͿˣʱҪٽû׼Ҫܹ˾󲦿ˡ
ȻԼƼС͸
յϢĽҲЩ죬ֻѡ˭һȦЦˣһûʲôԵʮСǣܴʲô
ĻظУ治Ҫ̫á
Ȼܼ಻мЦЦ
˵СҪд̨ĳʲô
ܼһ㲻ĴСרãЩɻ󡭡ļͥĴС㣬Ȼôţż۸ʵĶǲҪƫҪôһ˵ʮߣ
ĴС㣬ƺе㲻һڿˣ
һδĴС㣬ܸʲô
*
ȻܼĲͬ
һʵĵ죬ͽӵһ绰װİҵȻǲҵѽ
Цѽϲ𣿡
̫ϲˣ绰ǱߣպԱ󣺡㲻ָ֪ҪʱǾ˵ɫѿˣһ뻻˰ٱ龭ˣ
ֻ̣οˡ
Ҳֻ֪ˣã㻹ֹ˾ɣǩңΥԼԼҪ㣬ҪҾˣǰһƷĴָǸãǸʼϵҵģ˵ͬʹ̸ˣ
ͬ飬ȴҲΣźһû꣡
ֻٰһˣôûأû궼׬ô࣬Ľˣ
ԷΪЦ
Ҳ룬˻ءһʱˡ
ֵòУһ߸ͨһ߸
ʶΪǲʳдģڽϰ߸ʵϰʱҲÿѹեʱд籾籾дˣϰ˵һæҸŶ㡣
ڲӳˣɱ̫٣ѡǸմӵӰѧԺҵˣڿ֮ǰûʲô𻨣һºˮ׷װⲿһǰ缯ؽȦˮ
һˣȻ׬ǮΪͶʷ磬׬˲٣ҲΪǱ磬ϷԼܶ࣬ڸջ֮ǰҲһС͸ΪϷ΢ţžϤˣԼųԷ
ڵĹ˾ͦľ˲̫ãԴƫֵһˣˣԴȴһֶ͵ǱߣòС
ζ뻻ˣκ΢ᣬò׻ˣû֮ܵĸȾͱˡ
Ҳ֪£ԴԷ棬һʱ俼ǵ
Ҳʳ磬ѡҲû⡣
*
Ȼ˸˵ǣĹԤˡ
һʱѡԭе̨䣬Ϊ汾һǳӵĵ·ӵģһʮʱ䣬ϴ|Ϊ
ȷ˺󣬹Ҳ̡
Լ๤ʱ죡
һнѸٽḶ̹́˾ˣˡ
ֱƷȫУҲʽʼͶš
׷ûԱѡӾĹڡ·еĹ·ˣȫԼͬѭһӡˮСѡ񣡡
һ䵥Ļʵǳģ໶죬̶ʮʱ䣬Ρ
ȻйżеС̻ʵĳź޵Ļǳ࣬ˣûŲ۵˶ʳ
ͶǴϿʼʱꡢϵͿʼˡ
Сڴڣ
Żݲݴ
ȵϣͶŹʮСʱͳƿСѾˡ
ϲѶӵ黳ͬһǿƵ̬ڸСƵվϳΪšˮС߸֣ҲƵƵϡ
ڶ
ʱĹǿģǳŴ۵ʱԥ˶µڶ۾ûˡ
Żݳ죬Ҳ۸߷ڡ
һȶȣʵ˾ˡ
Ͼʮꡣ
ͣһȥֹ˾ͽƷ;Ʒɣʵ
ȻҲ˵ˣһʱֹ˾Ӫܼ绰㲻˵ι϶ĵòզô˵
ܼͷƤ飬ҲãȻĲ֪ȷ̨ͼԲٵģ˵һʮ껹û̵Сޣ˭֪ܸã
|ģһ˵㲻ҪȥƲ𣿡
ܼ౻ɫѿҲҷֻƴŽͣһŵĺˣǴۣ˹֮ǰзķãʵǿ˵ģ죬ˣ϶½ģ
ҵģԸ˽ⲻ͸Щŵʣȷ
ȷܼ϶
԰ģȻܼҲˣ
ܼǳ϶ĵͷģһģ
绰ҶϣܼĨ˰ѶͷĺЦһֻڴĶζһˡ
ֻǡ
ܿˡ
ûŻݣȷʵǼֱ½ýŵĽܼ඼˿
Ȼûɵϣɫֱˡϸ罻ƽֲ̨ʳƷ಩ȫǵزСҶ˷ǳߵ͡
һ컹û꣬ϰ˵㿪ʼԭͣ͵ٴοʼԽԽͣ
ڶ콪˾ƺЩԣ绰Ҫѯܼкα仯
绰һܼͨǱ˵ôߣѾ׼ǳˡ

ˣ֮ǰὫҺϵݣС㡣ֲܼһ䡣
ңŭ
Ȼ绰ѾҶˡ


250  250 
ܼԱ, ǵ죬һϰ࣬ǵصĺ, Լֱ֪ûá
ͽʶ, Ϊ˱|ȡ
Ҳ˽⵽˾Բദ, 㻻|ȱɽظǮˣֱ׵ĺôûסѡ˺
أСĿǰԹóԵģ
ˮȹˣ
¿ۿˣû򵽣ѡ֮ǰ, ˵֮ǰζô, һξӣ
װҲˣȫ˰
ô˵, ҲȥһǰԹĿʽ|, Ĵһˣ֮ǰţⶼ, һţƷʶͬ, ζҲ, ۸ʵҲͦİĸСһ
ΪˮȹϿͻ, ˵һ, Ư
͵͵һ, ڲ鱨˵֮ΪŮƷ˵Ƕʱ䣬ǹ˾ȹζǶˣ
ۣȻ˶˵θڣϲģҲû£
֮ʣܼ඼ˣ˭뵽ΪǴСҼƵӪȻĻȫҪ֪ɻǵصӪԽӪȣԽױ
ƷӪȴ
ΪζȷʵܺãʺϴڣϰҲܺãĽζչֳˣټӴĵĶƬٵÿ
Ǵְɡ
϶ǲŹģϾǱǮСĿǮû£ֲ뽫Ǯȥְõѡ
ô˵Ҳ׬ˡ
ְܼ죬ˣ֮ǰϰ˵ܼ⣬ʱҪˣҲͲܣһţ˴⣬ƷУһʱһ䣬ҲûӰ졣
ûɻ£ҲûϽɱһߣĹʶˣΪõһЩ¼
û
ⶫϣһ˯þô쵶ն飿
*
һߵĽһ롣
֮û˯һþ
ԴӵϺܼϵٴ绰ȥѾͨˣϵˣͲµʲôȻҹڼ尾С
ָԼ˵£֮ǰˣΪҽ˵Ǿ̫Ƥ²Ϳˣ漰ǹ£µĻУҵ˭ϲڱС
ǽϰλ
ֲ̿ϰ඼ûüζˣǽ˵ķϣû˸˵ʲôĬĬԼȴǶζ̶ʱգȦˣ㲵òС
ǡҪռƻǰ㽫˵ĺϱȴ֡ôʮߣȻһʵʵĺ϶Ҳ
ȥѰⱾƷΣȻǵصĺУȫֱۣӱûˡ
ĳýļĶͷաͱѹ޷Ŀƣһķ·ϰʱͬ¿һۣ˼ЦҲǽǸˣȴʮöȲһ
ûбԾȷҸүү˵Ψһһֱ֧ĽүүҲʧˡ
Խֻ尾ţȻ
*
ӵСɣ
ԺСһɳ죬ֱӳΪƷٲǮ˲ǺܶΪȶȣƵ
ڻ𱬣£ԭڻĲֿⶼˣСϻˣ
Ӧ󣬲˶ܵѯʣҲһĴߴ٣ƫƫÿôࡣ
˾ԥҪҪ򱨸һֱӵͷ죡ģ
˿϶ֹ˾ܾϳ֡
ֹ˾ܶشҪܹ˾ˣڵķֹ˾һıȥصĸ߹ܶӵʼ
ܶ˶˽˾Ҳûôע¸йأһ֣û˲࿴ۡ
һ˶ˡ
ҪǵСܲŹȥ°ɣ
ôֱӴ·Ĺ˾أ
һ˽龭һò˵һ
ڶ쳿ᣬϰǰԴԴϵ˹ｪŮûɣ
֮ǰҾ;⺢һϰ໹һ߿֣ÿСܵĳɼȥҶôҼһ٣û뵽ȷʵǻ⣬ֲҶӡ
СֱӽǵĲƷƷôѽ
ôȻǽ̵úˣ
ƨҲԵ
ĸӶܻû
ȥҲһڶʱоһƷͬʱƷȫӪƾõĿڱĿԣɹ̣
ϰҲãһζַеĻûһЦࣺǳţ»Ϲһû뵽һЩãһʼ˵ɿζҲ֣һֱӸӣҺû¡
̫ǫˣһ߹ҪôŮζЦѣǱǺѽ
˵ҲǼиŮģĽòУ׷֮ǰתգٺӶԸȥ¼ƽĿͽŮһӸǽĿֱûˣ֮ǰ¼ˡ
͸Ůˡ
Ȼһϵõĸ߹͵͵ͱһѵ㡣
͸ʵۺŮλһʲﲻ˶ģ
ϰᣬ˵ŮǸΣҪˣڵĻǡ
Ů߹ܶʱˣڨЦҪ貹
ϰǳͬĵͷţˣ
һƬδǰɵֻýĺӣ̳ģǿ㣬ڿ
һУ󶼻ϡ
ܿ϶ռͷ죿
ֻǽɫֵø˵ģи£Ҳ˵һ¡
˶
ϰֱӽͶӰǣ㿪һͼ
˲ԣĻȻȵݣһͶſˣ㵵Ŀ˫ĶԻ
⡭һ˾Ҫѯʵԣ¼αġ
ϰʾȵȣŽ¼ųһ¼ֹ֣˾ܼڴ֣ƷһεͳӵĻڻ
֤ȷ䣬ǽ
ȻԼʱ򣬱飿
ݵ¼꣬ҵɫá
ϰĿڣΪС壬Һźû̺Σǹ˾Ҳǹ˾Ĺ㣬ͬʱռɷݣҵľҪ˵һģԺ¼ãǷֹ˾ܹ˾
Ȼ
ȥ˵Сܱڱʹӣʱдǽܣһòܣû뵽£֮ǰתĸ߹ܡ
Ӧһˣ͸֦ͬȻԼõĿº֣ʵ̫ʧˣ
öԣ
û˷ԡ
ΪҶѾǼ̳ˣֵôãʹѾˣΨһѡ񣬵ȻҲ͵ĸԸ
ôˡ
˶ˣϰûߣǵţ
Ƭ̣˵ˡ
ƿ֮ǰľѾɤֱۣһ˿ңϾûüʵʩ˳ɣ˵֮ǰôΣϰҲǻһġ
һǰʵ֣û£
ֻ࣬ڿ
һ߽ȥÿһޱȣȳ׽棬㽩ӲվǣɰͰ͵
ϰǳЦͷڸҳ˵Ļȴǣҽյһݶľٱ֤ȷ䣬Ծ»֣ӽ𣬰ְԺй˾¼á
һףͫȻŴ
Ժ޷뽪µκְ
Ȼôݵ֣
壡æһ֪ˣһʱϣģһһ˾Ҫû꣬¶Ѿкöʲ˰ɣҶô껹һССܣ壬ҾΪЩͷԺԲˣ
ϰЦһŮҵһУȻ̳У˵öԣֻ꣬еĹɷݡ˾ҶתƹȥôǾţѾְˣȥʰ뿪ɣϲӭ㡣
ɫֱŤˣһ˫۾򼵶ʵɵϴ۰״ѪҲԶ׼صĴϢϰĮʧȥһеĿ־峹
һŽϰĸ첲ŭֵİ󣺡һŮʲôϢˣǷҵģǰ㶼ģ壬ңԺһ㵱װһТ˳ģ
˵ϰǰҸĥʯĥʯ䵱ˣûˣ֪𣿳ȥҽ
סɫϣ߷ųӿӡ
Ȼ͵ضŽϰ˹ȥ
ҵϰΣ΢һͻ󻬣ϰ⧲²ӱסĳ£͵ӡ顪һײǽϣһ졣
ϰֱǰһڣιȥˡ
ŵþˣˣ


251  251 
ӵϢʱ, ںͷֹ˾ܾʲôʽġ
Ȼֻˣ֮ͨǽϰ绰ϰ屻Ū, Ѿˣ
ƺҲż֪ͨ, ˵ټݵͨʱ, Ǳ߻ԵǾȻֳ
ֻ͡һЦ
ûü֣Ͱæ˸
ܾˣЦ˵Ƿʲôϲ𣿡
գۣǰɡ
ϰˣɲǸ¡
Ҳ˵Ͱ֮ǰ, ҿܻæ, ʲô¸Ҵ绰
úáܾͷԽͳȥˡ
ص˾, ƽȴϸȼĵóֻ׼һԼõٽͷֺ졣
ֻǲͳ, ܾͿһ͡Ϸһ|¼϶³ϰԲܵײ, ͵ҽԺ
ȵȣ
, ʮ֮ǰģ
ҲǸոս绰
ɽϰǽװôЦͦĵģ
ܾӲһ, úҰ
ˣֻһƵĴˣûʸЩ

*
ϵҽԺʱ顣
̫Ѹ, Щ, ۾˵ʱϰڸ˵»Ϊж, ͻȻ˭ҲûϵϰԴײ˲ֹһΣЩء
һСʱ󣬽ϰƼųҽ˵֪ǲһأǺأ
׵С裬ࣨܵײͻ΢ء
ϰΪֵǽĳӣ˵Ѿﵽж𵴵ҪӦ
ж𵴱ͻһϵеĲò֢Ӱȵ
ôүүţ۷Ứżֱţ϶Ƕ³Ҫˣ˾ô찡
ϳˣҲûнӴ˾񣬲˾
ҽԴ˱ʾΪֻƲˡ
Ҫ˵үүȻ˵øųһˣڹ˾Ҫ
ҽ˵Ұ־ˣȥ˵Ըɿ𣿡˦֣ĮȻүүûʲô£ȻȥɣϾҲﲻʲôæ
鷢ĵһʱ䣬ͱˣϰôأΪףѾߡ
ʲô˼үүĻˣүүͺ
ƿ
׷ҽѯһ½ϰᷢԼչ˵ķٲŽ벡
ܿɾһ㻤һɫΪɫϰڴϣԴϲűɫ԰ףüͷ΢ʹУǲġ
˵ģϰͦġ
ֻһ뵽ԭˡ
ĽүүܼҷŽҪŮﲻ֮ǰԵһСôȥһ˸죬øһˣ־Լϱﱲƣһѵ⣺㿴ڡ
Ҫ˵ȥƳϰƤָ⣺Ұ𵴣ܱţٴţҾֱȥˣ
үүɫѿҲǵĽϰģˣһӡ
պôʱϰ۾
϶үүϲˣûﲻ
ϰ죬Ҫ˵Ȼһ죬һɶĸӿŻ
ĬĬͰ͵ߡ
үүһ£ûٹȥû취չˣȥҲռλá
ǰæڲ졣
һи㶨һ㣬󿿸һ㡣
ϰӺΣ˵ѣʶֲͿܹܵһһֱǹܵľˣǿ˵˼֣˾Ƚ㡭
үүһֱеĿţжԽĵҲûʧ⻰Ͻ˵һСѾͷû꣬ðæˣͶ㣡
ϰ̧ף߹һĨ̵Цݡ
үүɫڨڨһֱ׳ڣῲȰ㲻ں˾Ҫǹ˾ʲô£Ҳǿˣ
ϰҲ˵һĬĬŵ
Žϰ꣬Էһ֪ôˣ˵γ£Ϊһ֮˽Σ˾£Сڶ̶ʱͽһֹ˾ˣӹɣֻ䣬ûϵϾϰҲֻʱϢСܻ¾ͳˡ
үүҧĵɰô죿һڹͷӣѵҪ͵ֲź𣿣
˵ãһ˵ϰԼʱסӵĸܣɫѿˣҧԣ
㣡үүָܻ
Ȼ³һ֣ϰɫͱˣһҵŻºӿ
Ͻһ߶͹ܼ˵үүȥɣҰܲô|˵䣬Ҫˡ
á͹ܼҹϵͷһһߣŽүүȥ
ǷſүүⲻТӣ϶῿ֶӡ
Ȼֿ˵Ǳϳȥϳһ·ͻصҡ
үүصУܼһһ˦ɫǺҵǲ֪ڶôһСѾͷĻˣ
ܼЦŸȥû˵
ԽδĽϼ̳ˣ˭ģⲻǺͿ𣿣
*
ҲûҽԺ̫ãүүѹƻȥ󲻾ãͱϰߴŻع˾ȥ޷ֻ뿪ʱ˵Ͼ°㡣
ã˾¶࡭ϢʺϰҡҡͷԴܵģŮĹģͷȴʮϻЦݣʾԼ״ͦõġ
ûж˵ʲôתȥ
һ·Ҳһ½ϰͷҪļĿȶôˣص
÷ǳ档
Ȼ֮ǰڽϰߵһ飬Ѿ뿪ܹ˾ˣεݲһյȨҲһ
һҪúƯܻ֧֣õȨͻɺܶࡣ
ȻҲûȫܽϰ
һæµĵļӰˣϰ˵໹ǻصҽԺڽϰߡ
ΪһֱԼЩĶĽϰ̲סŮһٹġ
ͷѣǿڹʲô⡣
ģҲԸжһ
˵ģҪǲϰ֮ǰΪһҲһȽĸˡ
ֻǿϧˡ
ѧϰǿ֮ǰҲֹһξӪ˾Դʵᳵ·ֺܿ졣
æµڼ䣬ڽһҲжʱǼ|ˣûԤıϰҲû˻ֻǼڽйǰƣжĸͽ̡
أڽ˵ĵԴȾϺڵˡ
жսϰԭ޷ǰȥȥΧˣ󻹵˽ǽҪġ
֮ǰܹ˾ϰʱҲʵڲ࣬ҲлҪ˵ͬˡ
꣬۵׵ĺȦոأ|ѣͷҲˣûüʽ̣ͷδ
ֻǺܿѹ£װµ˵ϲ㰡˵㶼ְλˣ
ǫЦЦûãϾҲʱġ
Ĺ˵ܣ|衭ϰģúܲš
ͣƬ̣һ˫۾ƺҪʹɫȴЦţ˽Ūôţ˵ĿģȻȥǣ|Ϊ㿴Щ궼ôģãΪֵôҵĥʯ㵽ͷĹˣ
ʧЦҵˣô֪ûˣ
ˣϹչֳı齩סŵĿ
ĵʵ㣬ҲΪ˸л㣬ҪôһҪﵽڵĵزúüĥأø磬˼£Ϊãģҿ϶úñ֣ʧġ
˵Ҫ˵Ļ뿪
̤ĵطһ˻ͺ𣺡˵ҲŲΪ㣡һŲҰ⻰˵ˣ˵϶ˣ
Ȼѹľ죬
ɫĿʩʩȻ뿪Ӱݶҧÿ֨죬ȴΪķŭȻ
ȻΪ˼£ɨϰ


252  252 
ϰж, Ͼŭʱ治С׶Щˡ
жһϢ£ƽҪҩָ, ȵȷû, ȫá
ԲǷǳ, ԱܵҪ, ͬ, һ⣬ôԳ⡣
ϰ̸, ǿ, ȻҲ֮ǰÿ¶յþɳºļȴˡ
»ǵõߵ·Ҳѡһ, Ĳɡ
ڹ, ϰôĲɣ
Ҳ״̬, Ժ, Ҳû취ع鹤ѡ񵽽ı, Լ׷
һɣǼ¡
תյˡ
ղһ, ʮգǳ
ʹүүŮѾǳʧ, ɽϰû, , 񣬴ǰͿʼƻһǰʽ뺯һֱյ죬ͽЩˣʢ˼£
ļαҲ֪ⳡĲͬö磬ٰĴɢɢ˴յһ𣬱㲻סࡣ
˵⺢ڶѾʼ潪ϰλãҾȻĽôĲҵһδɵСѾͷһ
ԱߵŮһۣ˭һŮģŮôˣѾͷɱӶҪ
ڨЦȴҲûзϣͷ۵ķ
ԼҶҪнϰŮһ뱲Ӷˡ
һ·ĿЦɲǣһϵϣССµķ£мΨһĶˣΪûͷˣôһ˭֪úõģϸ¾һҵÿƯˣϰŮɰĽˮ
Ҫô˵Ҫأϰ|ϰҲϱĺӣ͸ˣ
ܵĮ
һһۣúЦ˵Ҳǣ˵֮ǰϰŮһûϣ춼æŹʧȥĸףүү⹫࣬Ȼֻܳ˵ˡ
ǰǱиݣСһǺڶȥˣû˽ʲôҲ˶֪
˻˷׷ԽԽϰĽϰϱ˶ٺ££Ҳûһծģ
Ľʵʼ磺˭֪أ
УʱҲˣ̱
*
һξĴһһɫĵⳤȹĵòµױݸΪ̡
װĵĽϰһ̾𣬹άҲڶ
˼ҲûôƯүƫ⺢ӣ
һ㶼԰ҼǹŮټһ̰ǶŮҳˣϰҪ
ôÿˣҪ׵żҪ̤ˣ
δ׵ʱ䣬˳󣬺ǰصļαһɽϰ̨ȥһ¸ԣ׵Ļ˵꣬صˣСŮʮգбʽҵλãСŮ棬ĺܺãҲˣʼ׼ݣˣպԼСŮλա
ž|ž|žҵ𣬳ԭòй˵У
Ȼ̳ˣֱҪʼˣ
ҰĵֻúЦǷܶʱ򰡣
һЩҰĲҵĽ۾ˣŮճ꣬ԼҲʮͷݣ
˵ȥĺִ
ӭ̨ЦһڸɫĿ⣬̵ĸлһΪĿˣͱӵһһߵĶ㵰ǰе⡣
տ֣
һȥĸ֡
ͬʱΪ˸ŮϰAеĴڴʱƬΪ֮ʱ콪µƷ6.6۵Ķۿۡ
Ǽӵʱ䣬ߵ⻹ûֱ꣬ӳѡ
ٴο֣вѼ̣Ȼ˵ְôֱʵĶһҧʴ֣ءһ಻СøƯˣϰָһ
˼ҵİְԶ޷Խ
ǽҼǵã𣿵Ҷ˵ƾһ֮һĿʧˣû뵽ٳðְˣ
̫ĽˣǮ˼ҵ𣿡
иĽģóϰתƵĹ˾ɷݣһ¾ͺüʮڰ
Ҳˣ
֣ʵдҲȫ̾
ϵŮഺü۾续ƯݻţĽˮڶ
ҪҰְ֣ҵζЦѣ
ǰ⸸Ů϶ܺáһŮĽҰְ־Ͳ
øƨһ·һǷ֡
ŮһͣĪĿˣ񾭲
ͣЦһײײš
⸸ŮǺö
ʲô飿
ϰڶԽиˣ
Ǿ͸Цˣһ뵽ϰҪԵ£ֵòС
ĸµ˵ʵûʲôӰ죬һķ˶ʲôصķˣܵѾӽҳˡ
գϲүү˭֪յģһ˶ûС
֮ȥſڲýȥ
绰绰뻻ˣͨ
뾡취ڼүүһ棬үүܼҴؼˡ
Ψһ˾үүˣڽϰºˣ͹һˣһ֤ʲôûУһס
ʱܳΪճڲó
ϵףʵԴӵױͳҲʮûˣȻ֮ǰϵҲǮȥֵˣõȴǺĳԼ߿ࡣ
˵ڹҲѣڽϰøǮԼˡ
֪үүĵǮ˵Ҳǧôܾͺ磿
ǲѡ
ϾµļͥԼֻһˡ
Ϊ˻ţòһĴүʼȥذשúһ˫ĥݣ̶̲һµʱ䣬͸һһܼ尾
ҲͼȥӦƸĹҸĽʵѾˡ
аףнϰк΢һĹ˾õĹ˾Ƿǳ£һϣֱӶ
û취ֻܼٹش򹤡
ԭҲѰһ죬ֱ°ȥ˼콪µĲƷȫۣ㣬Ժûˣ
ۣˣ
ҪһôͻȻţԷѾĽ˵˵С񣬽Ͼȫ߲Ʒ6.6ۣԢСԺһ·˳죬еĺӰ˼յ㣡
ӶȻһ£һ׷Ƶģ֮ǰѹµĿڴʱȫӿͷнϵĲƷһѾƣ·ߺˡ
ȵģԼЩĵ£˭֪һ̧ͷɿŮ˾޵Ƭ
ȥˣѵ뿪·ոŮʱûס˵֡
ʲôã
Ѿͷɸϰ鲻ã
ϰΪ˽ô꣬΢һ⣬ŮعںãΣ
˵ܸˡ
˭õҪϰֱӱܾˣ֪Ļᣬϰ϶ڣ
Žϰù죡
ãЦˣ·ѾϰʹĲ״
Ȼһʹ͡һһطһۣƾ˲ʹȣѾ
ɴ۾Ҫ֣ȴһ΢ЩϤ벻İӡ
ǡ˭ӷֱˣ|궯˶ϸ
ȴˣеķͺֱӸһ㣬ĲЦȻ֪˭̫Цˣ
γͱһ£ŷйĿͺ||躦ӳʧȥݵĻᣬɢھȻ˭ǵˣҪ˵úʺϽĿҪҳŵҲӣ°ףҳʲôûˣҲûˣ
㣡ˣˣʧѪ࣬ȶˡ
µһ̣ǿյƾӣӣͨڵסѾزȥˡ


253  253 
ʮһ, ĵģԽѶ
ִᣬع
һԭ£ǡ
ԭԼλ, һ, û뵽һ, ˡ
ʬ屻ʱѾ, Ⱥڱ, ϵǷµҲû뿪, ޷, Ӵ㹤ܲߣԺܿ콫ץסȥǻˡ
ֵ˾ǵԭĵݡ
ᶯ֣ΪͶ·, ֻʣǻޡ
, ݱһ, Ϊûܵ˺, ֱ˼ʱ䣬Ҳ, ֻҪм£ϰ׼ʦҵ֮ǰԸȥͬûǩͬԸϵļα, £ųɹһࡣ
ڵɢ, Ϊֵ̫ˡ
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˼ҲԼλαʣһ׷ûҪߵʱ˷ӣԵȵݻط֮ء
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Цҿ϶ģһڹ˾ϣҿҪģ
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չ˺ӣҲǸĵģǸˣԵӲƷ|УĿǺƽͺãٻա
źϰȴ˵Ǻӵģֻǳ̾Ϣһ̽Դࡣ
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£ûܿڳף
ǷҪ룬Ҳû취ֻܼźţȵɶҲʱٳֱӵͼչеĹɷݡ
չǮЩ׬ģԼֹ˾Ǯ
Щ׬˹ˣڻܳʹûеĹɷݱΪһѷֽѾʲôˣɶҧҧҲͬˡ
ȵʮ꣬ϢԳٶ۵ĽϰҲԣһ绰ʹ˾ǲǳˣ
һжѾˣˬͷѽüĿˣʽٶѣܾܿ͵Ʋˡ
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Ϊ˲ǣˣЩһֱͶʣ׬Ǯд籾ͶʵӾӰȵȡ
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Ѿ׼÷ǳ׵ɶ׬ǮȻźͶʲټ׬Ǯ㹻ĽǮߵĲѡ
߹ǻţΪŵǣе⳥һֶ٣һ룡
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˾Ʋĵ죬ܵĴ|󣬽ϰһۣιȥˡ
ٴҽԺϤĵطԭų⣬⼸ܶΡ
ΨһΣյģûˣûˣŮҲˣĹ˾ûˡ
ҪǰĽϰ϶Щ
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254 (254)
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ɵ˽¶ռȥ, ƿԡ
ʮ꿪ʼǮ, ǿ, һ׬˿ɼǮƣһֱʮһ꣬ʼЩǮչƱϰͽүү, ΪĹɶ
һνƲЩŽϹƱ, Ϊ˱㽪ϣ˿һЩ, 󲿷ƫߵĵطۣ˽̺˵׬ˡ
е, ׬ö, е٣׬١
ɶǣֹ˾׬ǮԽԽ࣬ʱвԤ⽪Ҫϴһµĸ߷, Ϊ۹̫׼ˣ̫ǿˡ
ЩɶҲȻ˴|׬ñˡ
Եȵϳ, ɶƱתͼøҲ׬˵ġ
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ڼ䣬Ķˣֳŵշɹ涨⳥ͨԱְõǮҲ㹻ʱȥµĹ˾
һ㣬˶٣
룬ܶ˶ŵöһ¡
ˣ
ôѽϸأ
ֻǹģ
ܶ˶޷⣬²Ҳࣺսһ¸Ѷȣʧˣ
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ڲڣпǵǵʱܷˣһֱ͵͵Ϲۣ˵ôűˣû뵽̫ˣ
Ÿӣһ仰˵ģ϶飬⣡psҷӳͶʹʣϰȻȲ϶ʢʱڵĽϣҲ̫డ
ȻƸ
ˣҪƲˣǰϾֹһΣǽʱæŽϵأ
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ôҲףǮⶫþͺá
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Ŭ׬ǮΪ˴ٳ£һףǷ˲ծܹˣ
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һи㶨ʣµʱ䣬Լġ
ֻҪծ壬˼ˣ
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һֱӽûˣʹŲСʽ𣬿ҲΪ㡣
ԭҪġ
ýϰܹľ
ܼſŮģסҡͷѾͷҲ֪˭ѧģôǣ޷˰ɣ
ٺһЦҸ˵ֹ޷ģǷծ١
ǮĶЩһͶʣ֪µˣǻΪǴŻ˭ҲûΪ˸ԼҲҵ
Աˣ˵һѣȥɻˡ
ȥȥɡܼŵͷȥˡ
˸Եģص򿪵Դֵ֣ǮĳͶʣǾ籾ˣҺӺʹ֮ǰô磬дپ籾ֱóҲһá
ֻдţȻֻˣǸİ룬绰ǱߣǽϰɳƵģҪ㣡
һκһζҪǼǰŪ˻δȬʱ򣬶û͸¶ƣͼȡ
̾Ϣ˵ˣ͵绰˵ɣҶü
绰Ǳߣɫ㲵۵׵Ĺȥһ¶Ըˣҵְ֣
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ϰɫסлرܡ
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ҡϰѵҪ͡
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ϰĬŨɬ඼ܵһţںѣ޷Ӧ
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ȵȥûټǵ, Ҳͽ, ˺ţһϰߡ
ûܾСĵӴ࣬۾ˣǰ, ٴ˵ְ֣ţ̣
ϰ̽, Ľӹˣ
ȵţ̷һŨ㣬ڳ
ϰзϲ, ѵǻص˹ȥүˣֲĻ᣿
С֪ʲôɣһЦĵııĳȥʱ̽СԴְ֣Ҫ˯ˣ
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ԴӰ뿪ĿԼͳԼǸͰһȴֵøӴϻ۵СٿԼģϰֻĿЦ

ȻôСĺӶ˼
ǰġģΪɺŮƯԼϵĺӣ϶Ҳˡ
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Ǹȥ˾УһѵûΡ
ݵڹ˸鷴ˣ֮ȵɺʮһ֤飬ӡ
确ϣĺӺܿɰҲܴһûζԴһ̵Ҳʼ֮֡
Ϊ趨˴СĽ𣬰պ⺢̳й˾׼δͰһ㣬ûеֻֿ׸
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ͬһϳȥˡ
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ԴǴΣҹλ, бװ˶Լʹ, ޷ԭԼ£ȴҲʵ֪ʵġ
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ڽϰѾ޷ֲŮͯ꣬㽫ķϡ
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ֱ֮ǧټƲɷõѯԼŮĹϵϰֻ˵ҶԲûнһ׵ΣʲôӦõġ
˽ô󣬽ϰԼңҺûΪһƿĸڱĺϣ̳ܽľһ̵ķỵˣ
ʹԴڱʱ򣬻ǣˣԼôծ
ûʲôĹϣɷõ˺ʧǽһзϡ
ڽ̫ˣöѶԴ˻ӡ̣ٴ£һԳΪûøףŮΪ˱һʱȫԸĸĽʽ˼
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ٲС˵ΪŮֻİԵܲá
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ϲΣÿ硢ͬڶвͬķɣϲһ˳ȥ棬ʱˣھƵ˯죬ˣ䣬Ҳʶ˲ͬˡ
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ȻعͷףǮôˣ
Ȳˣͻصչһ£дһ籾籾һǮǿ϶ģõǮֿԳȥ档
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ϲĶŵĹӣʮ|СϲǴ|ϲУʶһܡ
Ϊַ|ΣͶɱһڻδ꣬Ҳһƫ
˵ʶǶԷһԼΪ֮ڶԷһδε·𽥳ԡ
ܿһϵе£У԰ﱻں|Ů˿ΪУݴ򱧲ƽȵ飬һ˵ĸ顣
ԭǷ|ܣҲģһֱûմǲݡ
ҵ˵ֿ˫ͥѹ飬Ϊһѻ
ѻδȥڽĵ꣬﷢ɷһγ|죬ΪԷļ˵ĶӣѡĬ
öԷ޼ɵû꣬ɫѾǳ¡
ˣʼ˻֣ҪɷŴС֣ԷҲһ£ֻḴȵö֮ĳȥҹ
ܲĥþЩһ׽Уʧͱɷ
һ³ɷ顣
Ϊɷǰ׼ʲôûֵ
һǵ˸ط|ɱûߣǻڷĹߣԼģ˶ӣǵѧʱѧ
һֱ֪ϲԼֻѾѡõġ
ΪԼʱѣһԲϲϵʵͽŮܸҲԼİĽ
ֻǸʱ⣬飬˫Ҳʹڵ۶ΧɷͶתٺɷ|죬ǣҼˡ
û뵽ԼģȴҲˡ
жڶ
ʱǺŮһģʱһģһ˵ʱڷĹߣ£˵Լδɢİ⡣
˵ȢκޱΪĽ飬Ӳô˭ν
˵ڻŵѧʱȥ¶ӪƬ͵͵
˵
ţҲԽж
긴һֱ꣬ĳһ꣬Ĺǰ
޵ԣٴص˹ȥɷ˾ĵʮ꣬պɷΪ|ַˣսʱ
һʱɷ|Ҫ˰ο£°·ĵط
κޱҲǴѧѣȻҵûôϵҲʶģֱӽ˴ȥˡ
֮һʰ
ºİ£ռɷ|֤ݣ˶Է⧲ûüתʲǷֵòٲƲ
ۼҹ˾⣬Ǯ޽˳ưۼʽԴˣһһĿԧ죬ڳһˡ
ӣҪ޽֮ǰѾˡ
κޱôҲ벻Լýǽˣһʱѡ¥κޱŮ
ֻСĿĸ׵ＫΪޣڼƻͳڹ⣬ȥˡ
*
䣬ٴۣѾ˳Ĵ򿪷ĵơ
ƹ𣬷ɫĹǰ
ĴңƯõĵԣһױ̨䣬ķ䣬ͨͥеġ
ԭļʮ֮ǰǸС
ϧʮ֮Ů˿ʼңĸ׾Ĩᣬ֪ĸʲôʱǵӲ˵
κޱ񾲣ԭͥӰ죬ӡûԼҵ̷ŶԹԣڷɷ|ʱ͸ûʲôȨˡ
ԭ۵ģҲĸס
ʱԽʱ䣬˵ҲɣڼСʱ֮ǰﱻһδ
뵽֮£ҲĸףǸоһġ
ǴĽǶȳһ̽ǲͬһĹǰ˵ЩԳˣһֳһЩ˼˯ţڿĬĬˮ
мǹҲٳû˯ţһܳȥ˴ϥ̸һûദĸٴŨ
ֻͻȻϢ
ԵȺ̸ˣֻصҡ
֪ǲʲôһ뵽κޱҪ˵ͬӦ룬ֱƿӳš
֨΢ⰲҹȴԵʮĶһӾÿֱӶһ¡
ǿȥȵôˣ
جˣҪ裡Ŵһˣ죺ְ֣հ̣ǻû˯𣿴ϵģϷ𣿡
ֱǺ졣


257 (257)
ʮС, һɫ˯ȹˮ۾ʳǾ䵥Ļ
ʵʱδʲôֻҹ̸һ, еС˼ȴڴʱ, ࡣ
̹, ȴƲסҪ͡
һĨЦݣ˵, հЩģְֺͬѧڰο
Դˡ
Ҳ֪ڲͱƴֽ, ʵھڸǰ, ʵδйΪΪﲻܳ|, һ˾֪ԼҪ㹻ļҲͺˣ, û׼þ
Ŀ⿴øⲻ, ·ǵصС˼̯ˣߴٵ㲻ֻҪȥ|𣿿ȥְִȥ˯ͷ
ߣҲһĨЦݡ
ζЦЦ, κޱķȥ
ţŵȥ, ˭֪նһ£ǰ˾Ѿ, Ŀ᣺ô˵һСˤˡ
㵣裬ˣ
κޱһ˲ɿҡͷ£Ǻñӣûаѵģ˯ϻҪѧء
Թ£һ˫۾ȴڵתҸոտְֺհ̴죬ǲΪ˯ŵģ
κޱ˳صƣһָŮ۾ϣסߣ˵£СӲҪܣ˯ˣֻǱ㳳ˣ
˵ѣ
Ҳƽţ۾ȴûͣǴ˵СӲҪܴ˵£ҲСйذ裬ְǲҪ|ˣ
κޱߣѸִֹͣżʵ˯
Ůٲ˯ҪŮǰ޳ˡ
۵ֱӶּĴ
ȴüװ֪
ô̰
ӣ
Ȼʵϣϲ֪ˣһ֪˳Ϊ˸ĸɩͱķԼѧæҵչ˺ӣ廹ûȫ޷Խۺˣ˯źԺ˵λ˺ö֡
Ǹʱ᲻˵ʲô
ȵһ쳤飬͸Ը˵ʲôֻװƣ޸˹˾ˣЩȲģôͷҹ
˭֪нһĻ
Ҳ˵ֻЩ˵޷̵Ѫܵģ޷ѣ˼ʹˣǹԸС죺ҪɣҲҪһ|İְ֣Ҳ|ȥ
κޱ±ˣôҲû뵽Ů˵˰ðôһ䡣
СڸĸпʱӦýŻ
˭˭ģκޱʣ˵ʱͷ㱻ҧˡ
Цû˽ңֻҾòƽѽƾʲôְֳ|죬Ҳ|źأ
κޱȻȻǸӡ
ġ
ֻͬҵ͵ȫְ̫̫һֱûйҲô죿
˯ɡκޱĶӣ˯
̾ϢҲûٶ˵
է˵ЩѾˡ
Ҳһʱ
*
ڶ׼ʱ𴲣ƯƯȥѧ
ԭʮ꣬꼶϶Ǹһĺӣٴ͵ĺӣֻʡ
ϱӷܶ˴뱲ӣⱲֻ뵱׳棬һμҲͦõģҪʲô
˵ֵĺҲûʲô
Ҫ𣿡ǰСͷʵ
Ҫͷ˳֣
ܿ浽һȥ
ȷѧʱ˾
صУһʱĻﲻڡ
վӦס죬ֱ˾绰ǸŻȥģŵˣ³£
̫ϧˡ
׼ء
κޱ˽ŮһСϸֱõɫòԣգЦʵʲô
ʲôóԵ
κޱǣЦԵĽǲСϳҪθڡ
С壬ᵽʲôϲп
ˣκޱˣӻһҶûóҲŵ
Ϊ̫ˣζƲסƮˡĵĿ佱
κޱ˵Ц棬ȥϴ֣Լʳ˳һֻ֭ͷλǰڳ⡣
ҪƽʱһŮʳʳ⡣
ֻϵ£ÿŵŮԽƤԡ
Ҳֱ˺һȣءһڣԵͣȻԿԼκޱȳһĴָúóԣ
κޱЦøˣԵ㣬´οɾûᡭ
˵ţһֻȱ裬Ҳԣ
κޱһƬࡣ
ĸŮ߶մȾһЩ֬ʮָЦָŶԷֺǺǵЦˡ
ڴʱġ
º͵ɤżЦ⣺ʲôôİ
κޱЦʱɰͰ͵ЦԵøСèƵġ
Լװ֪άһͥĺг£ں޷֮ǰǰȻ״̬Դˡ
ЦҲ˺ܶ࣬ĳš
Ǹֵ˵ӣǲԵģ˵ӣȴ޷Ϊ˺΢һԼԼΪ׵Ӹߴһ㡣
ԭһı׵ĲΣǰڶϲģδͲ˵ˣǿܻһﹲͬĺӺ
κޱĻŮüЦСèðְֿ
һĨЦݣһֵͷмȡ
ҡͷĵȴһĨڣûж˵ʲôκޱθڲ̫ãؿζĿθ
šκޱͷȥ
аֻͣҪ˵һͺá
ĳҲΪۼҸĸǺܴͳˣҪӴڽӴϱҲҪϵµóÿλլһʼޣí˾ȥѧͦõģˣͻԼ³
죬Ȼûһµģ˸ŮԵġ
˵꣬ҲȻ鷿
ƽʱ˹Ҳϲ鷿ȺȲ裬飬ֻ˯ʱȥԡ
еһȣֳֻᣬٳһݽǲͳԲȥˣǰط䡣
κޱ˳ʰĲо֡
*
ֻǵٴδӷʱԷֻκޱһˡ
üһֱԣ裬ְأ
κޱЦЦɫ΢Щǿֹ˾£ֳȥˡ
Ŀһۣܻط䡣
κޱĲɣҲû¡
ܿ죬ֳˣһװ磬κޱпһ£Ůȥ׽ɣ
ת˲ֽͷ׵
ȻС죬Ӧò쵽ز
֪룬˷ܣ裬ȥ·΢һ£Ҵȥһõط
κޱɻ󣺡ʲôط
˵㵽˾֪ڲ˵
˵ʱСĹĵģһȴָȿɰκޱԭͦʧģŮģЦˣҲɣ·ٻ˸ױЦãѴ·
ˡͦصȿųȥҲû˾ֱӴȥ
κޱú棬ȴδע⵽˵˵ַ˾۵һ˿Ź֡
ֱСʱһûʵĻǰ
κޱҪɣſεװŮע⵽߹Ůʿ𣿡
ǵģ
Ůӣ
ֹ˵ռǻľλԤİѾˣ
κޱûĵطЩš
£οȻȥ
˲࣬ǼҲŮˣ㵹κޱôҲõǼǣֱȥ¥ϣ뵽
ֻǵȵƴ򿪣İĳȴκޱĿɿڴ
ֻվһĸɫӣڿǵ˲䣬ˢˢϹӭ˹
κޱ


258 (258)
κޱֱӴˡ
Ȼʲôط, ǰһŰ˸˧˸ӣǿóʲôġ
һvʱ¶ǰ˿鸹, һ
ʱȻ˵ҾͲλ, ʲôҪ, ֱӸ˵, ڽĵϵ㵥Ƕֱ͹
˵꣬ˡ
Щ˧ֱͿ⡭һһϡ
ǿûмǰ, һɫùŹֺͲȻ
ôиʮС
δܡܽ
κޱӲŲҶ|̫, ޴룬±ƵǡŮôҵĵط
ʿôƺһǰ, ʡ

ĵͷԭ㻨Ǯģ, ܾ¡
ҲΪ˴, κޱεĳһĨЦݣǸǲҪˡ
ɻ
κޱѾҪ뿪ˡ
ֹˡ
裬⻨ҿʮأ, ǿô˵Ҳ˷Ѱ
ʮ򣿣κޱһо, Ҳȷʵ᲻þߣһ뵽ط, ͻڣ˸˧翴Լ
ͷƤ飬ˣȳȥ𣿡
õġǸϽͷҲԾһ˵ǳ嶯ѣǾһ£Ҳ˿
˵˳ȥ
¹ϣκޱ־Ҫܺӡ
Ͻ˵ſǻء裬ɣΪãҾûôŮˣ
Ȼܺºġ
κޱĵŭ⿨ˣҪֽѵܺӶ²֣ҧгݵĵŻСԴ⺢ӣȻ£֪֪ζʲô
Ҫ飬ҲԳ|飬ʱŮҲ̧ͷ˵ģ
Ͼ˶˿ݣ˳|죬ĺӻᱻ˵Ů˳|죬ĺҲᱻŮӡ
̧һСԴͷСζšƽ
κޱ
裬ҵ||أֲ㣬˵ˣְܺͱŮ˴ҹϥ̸ҲԺͱ˴ϥ̸Ҷ֤µġ
ʲôźӣ
˵ʱõҲ壬Ǯ
κޱǱ|ҲҪ֤ݣҲûκޱ˷ʲô˸Ĳȫоκޱ̫ͳܵġ
ֻΪ˴|һκޱָ֪׼
κޱ侲⻰һʱҲĵ㣬־̤ʵһ㣬û߰ģ죬Ƽ
Ů˵㣬ȫԴڶۡ
죬֮ǰ˵뿪ȥ˾Ҳǲµʲô
Ǳһ绰ߵġ
˵ȥֺ͹˾ೳˣ绰ʱ˶ڲǰʱü˵Ҫȥʱʶûһ䣬ˡ
֮ǰķ޹ϵƽˮΪҲͦõģٷ޿ֳܻұ϶ӹû̹ģû뵽иܵ
ֻκޱʮ꣬δһԼţɣ᲻ʮһʱŲ֪ô졣
κޱƽ࣬ðͷ裬ǽ£ǴϷҲ԰պʮˣӣֻҼ˳۵ģ죬ĹһСʱ뿪
һСʱʮ򣿣κޱĸˡ
ͨͥȻʮĸ̫̫ԽʡҲϲʮ껨ǮĻҲ١
ȫ޷һСʱʮ򣬾Ϊ˺ͼ졣
һ˵û취ѡõģҲã˶Ǳѵһνӿ͡
κޱЩûסֺһ
⺢ô˵ӵܰ
㻹ǲŮӣ
˵ü裬ƫˣŮӰ˭˵ŮӲģӴĶŮͰ
κޱʱļ˶ŮͣӦͷ۵̫ѨһУǽϷ
ǲҪ˷ʮˡ
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һ
ڽɢ
˲УȻмһ˵ľ룬˴˵Ҳü
Ů˱üõ֮ǰίͳʧ֮൭񾲺Ц⣬Ž紵ţƺҲࣺѧѧ꣬ˡ
۵͵һۣοûʲôǶʶôˣ˵аŮҲ㣬Ӧõġ
ļһ̣ڡ
ΪεҪκޱܸ
ı֣ܸоΪͬѧ꣬ûԼ
ô˳ܵŮˣ϶ʱҲǺܼ򵥵£ˡ
ȻκޱһŮԷΪ죬ųЦƫƫʮּ֣֪ô졣
̾ϢһЦֻΪиÿɰĹŮ
ʶҡͷȻǡ
ǻʲôԴ
Ů˵ʱֱĶԼ·ȫ
ֱ©һģЩ˵ϲ
ֻ⻰ʱˣ˶Ѿ黹кӣ£еѧæ᳤ٰĺ𣬶εõѧУĿ佱
ﲢʧ䣬ڸһ񣬾㹻һЩǳˣ˵ôףһЦ˵㵱ʱûҳԷɣ
룬롣ʧЦھȥ
ҡͷˣôãٲȥҼСħҪַ죬Ͱˣɣٳȥ
á˳Ӧ£´ټŵԡ
֮ȥĿͶԷؼҺſȥ
ȵ˼ȴַﶼһˣʱˣҲڼңͺ֡
ԥһ£סҰ̵ţ̫̫أ
̫̫˵ͱȥˣӦȥˡ
ȥ棿
оЩԣ绰Ů
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ĵ绰ֱʱ˿еݱ
ѵĹ˧ǵļֵ
κޱһʼų⣬ɵ½˽⼸䣬κޱֻ죬ûҪôš
ûһͿʼ˵˵ЦЦ
̲˿ˣֺ
ĸϷŴϷ
һֲϷ꣬ӣ˲ˮ˳κޱǻѿõķΧ
Զܻ֣绰һ죬ûʲô£˵κޱˣЩִ绰İɣ
Ц裬㵭һ£Ǻͼ˧죬һأģãҪǲˣԼͬ£Ҳû˵ʲôǻ̹̹ε
ԽڣԽ̻ɡ
κޱ˱ˮº󣬻˼еƳٳûȥ
ͬŮ˵ģǾ죬Ϸʲôġ
˵زҪĵû㲻̹ؾһ£Ǽٵģֻ֮ǰѹסˣڡ
ûֹˡ
ˣõĽͨ绰ιְ֡
ʣȥˣôû
İҪȥˣ㲻ӡȻ˵

֡
κޱ֪Ӧ꣬еŮϰ嶼нǵãôǸţɵꣿ
ʱͷƤըˣոպϲõĻϲɢӰоԼͷŨܣЩôȥֵط|ȥĻ˭ģ
ȻҴѽҴ㻨Ǯأ
ԭ˺þõġ

֪֪ʲôطôܴ|ȥأ
ЦΪϺƯ죬ҲҪƯ죬𣿡



259 (259)
˰, żȴֱ׳˵ôһҸհ̣ͬѧѣȥæѣ
գ, ɤҲ̵Ŷ~Ưʵм, Ҳ, æ, æģ׬Ǯְ֣ѵֻƯ, Һ費ܰƯ壿
ܾ˵ģԴԴ˰ɣ
ڴʱһƬ, Ǳ˿޵ĺƢ⵹ùŮǰ, 򣺡˭Ů
ҲûҪôˣ
ɵĻش𣺡Ů
˵ȥˣ
Ҳ
ŮСֻ֪ƽ, ˵档
Ҳ˵ȥ, ˫ˣָôһԻܽŤתҲûְ֣˵ôֻΪ, ˺ܵ˵Ҳˣ컹Ҫѧ, ְ֣Ҫǣ
ԭ, ֻǺȻǴ򳵹ģƳ̳٣ĶԼģҲǷضΣ򳵻е鷳
³һԼȥԼ
һ⣬ֳһ޷Եҧҧ˵ãǡ˶٣ŵһ䣺
ܰ
ѡκޱʱǿ˼ҵʡ
ŮˣǾܳ|ģ
ǲΪµϲŰȥһ
ʧЦȻġЦݳ弸˧кǣܲǸҰְִкͺá

ûֹ绰Ѿͬȴܺã

~


Ȼ
˻ͦģ
֪κޱûʲôǾͷܲҲ޷ٳɣѸųԿ׳š
Ӽ￪ȥҪСʱΪץʱ䣬һ·ٳٵıԵϣڰСʱ͵ˣҲҺˣ·ϵĳࡣ
ͣ£ٴ绰ȥ
绰ǱСﲻͷͳ֣֪֪ˣͳˡ
ֵӣſЩ˴ӵŴӵĸŮ
κޱЩڣŮһǣһ˧磬ߵʱᣬԼ´
ԽԽڣ³򿪳ţҿ
ͷıĹְ֣ˡ
Ц
κޱȫ̵ͷĬĬϳ
ڲ֪Ůˣһ٣ʲôʮһСʱʮһļ۸Ů˺ĵ绰ͻѾһСʱЩշѣˣǱһֻҪǮһֱδǷ
κޱʱֱˣʱ治ˣŮûż٣ѧ
СѧҲܳٵ
Ǳ˵ԼŮŪ˰Сʱ¥̡
κޱЩҲò˵һ䣬ŮĹ龫֣ôһУ֮ǰۿﰵﲨˡ
Ůͦлġ
ȻЩˣҲ֪ôŮվߡ
ĸŮֱںźӾܾǽԼ˾˵Щʲô͸ſƳŮӰֱˡ
֮ǰԶԵĲ״ǵãŮڵʱ˵ɡ
*
ʱκޱ̸̸ǰƤ飬κޱΪĸҲ޵ߵݣҪʲô£ۼҵ滹ҪҪˣ
һϾûҵա
صСħͷͽˣҪκޱ˯
û˯ԣֱҡ
ĸŮӵߣκޱŮıһнĺ˯
ȲŮƽȺֲŷһĨȰЦ⣺лл~
̣κޱһֻ֣˯
ڶһǰ㡣
κޱΪŮ׼ͣΣһ۵ļ嵰ＹƬԼ˵ȵȣ˾ζǾû
ĶҪóԡ
ʱ佱裬ĶúóԣҪȥ꣬϶˺ö࣬׬öǮ
κޱЦŵðԺ迪꣬Ҫ
û⣡|Ȼ۰Ͱһ䣺￪ꣿʲôʱҵҿͬѧһȥ
κޱʧЦ迪Цġ
С|첻˵ľװͰ͵ҧһΣҲܣ͵ÿ꣡
Ǯκޱ̯֡
ŬŬ죬ŴԳˣҰְҪôźԺķܺöǮˡ
κޱһŮ
£Ѿ֪ŮСԼôڴ
һЦְֱ֣迪ôã˷ˣṩһʽ¡
˯ǰ쿴Ů͸СŮ֮ǰƺˣġ
ֻǵŮ˼Цˣ۵ģ|ڼչ͹ˡ
˵úûķһʲô۲ۣڼﵱܾͥ˵ģŴ˴ѹŮ˵İ취

˵ģ
Ҳ˵ģ
ľüˣ˵ôණôǵøŮ飿
κޱڴЦһ£жԿ뷨ȴּһ㡣
ɡ
زΪԼıȡһЩҲӦõģټŮôϣҲԸ
ǽ飬иŮȨɣ
κޱڼ￴ʱʵѾĵطȥֻֻܼװûֿˣˣȻһʧȥøࡣ
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Ҳۣȷʵ뿪뷨𣿡κޱ˵
ЩɣֲûǮļÿǮҲûٹαٿ˾Ͼϳˣʱæô죿
ҵڣðͷС˵ѾˣԼչԼҪ迪ѧһԹȥԸֺóԵģæ
κޱһЦ
ѾЩ꣬˵ϣĸŮһϵ£Ȼ뵽ҪκޱæǰٺҲٴȥĳͷãҸ㿨һţҪǲңȥˡ
κޱչЦˣá
Ҳˣȵһţ̣ͣӣȥѧˣͣϣϻʱܹ顣
ӻ֣뿪
κޱЦˡ
߻ֹѾͷˣ֪顣
κޱ֣صܴģ
ԣܴҡҡͷҪǲҲȥǸط
κޱ򴽣˵ͷԷ
棬ͣĸŮȫһʽͣΪκޱû
ûΪиҪ¡
Թ˵ǻط̸̸
κޱͷط䣬ɳϣʮķޣʱȻЩ裬һ㣬бһ뵽ԼһֱϵЩΡ
ǰŮ˵ΪŮģ̫Բ
ޱ£Ҿ͵֪ģϾȥĵطһȥҸĸ϶ҪģԺҪȥˡСӣ£֣㲻ܸһ֡
κޱһᣬ˵ĻԹӣôû仯
ΪһҲһ
˵꣬Ůȴ̧ͷƯһᣬҲһ˿ᶨΪңǾܾĵġ
ֵûеˣ
κޱ΢΢ͷǷ̵ЦЦǱİְġ
ɫ΢䣺Һװףýˣ
֪κޱһҲϣעִ磬ϾҲһŮӵİְ֣ҲϣδԻĿ־壬ĸס
˵꣬ųȥ
ɫѿԭأЩѵκޱôˣƫƫȻΪ飬ûеһʱ䷴


260 (260)
ǽ, κޱһ
º̹
κޱֻصķ䣬ĵԣһЩϣ˳ֻһŮĲݸ屾
㿪, û, ֮ǰ¼֡׶ĵ꡿
׶ʮĵ꡿
κޱ
Ȼܽ, ۿŮΪԼЩ, ĸĺ߳ܰ
κޱŷȵЦõĽɾˣ۲ΪſʼҪʲô
ûҵ
ɡǮֲǮ
Ǿ˸˧ֶ¡߷й, κޱԼ̶ȱСˡ
벻˵
Ҫõʲô
һ, һľ飬ܵõġ
ʧҲû, Ǯ
Ůһϰ˽ʮҲһ򣬻Ὺ, ˵, ʵȲŮġ
κޱţűڲݸϼ¼衣
ȷԼʲôολáֽ֤֮Ӫҵ֤ȵȶҪ׼
κޱŶͷ󣬺ܶණû˵
뵽Ů˵ϻҪ, Īһѹ겻, Ůʧһѹ, ϣ绰ѯ
Ѳ࣬һġ
ΪԴͷԷ籩κޱð˸ͼŮ׼ɲһ򵥵ĶӲæ࣬ſɡ
ȻһҪûǾǿķΧ
Ů
СѧﲻԶʮӵĳ̾Ϳˣʱͻˡ
ȹС￴ŷ۷ۣɿɰһЦеѯʣ裬𣿡
Сӵĺ档
κޱĸоѧʱڱ߽ҵȴ̫ʮһˡ
ǣط俴ϡ
κޱĵҲ֪ӪΧѡ㡣
һ߹꣬һĿʮеĿţһߵͷ˵裬һõʲô
㡢ըᡢ¶ᡭκޱָͷԼȽֵʳ͸оһѧʱʦشĽţͷðһϸܵĺ顣
ŮЩһˡ
ȻľʱǰСʿˮ裬Ҳ԰¶ᣬݮܡ
κޱַһЩãܿԽԣ𣿡
ˣЦãͬʱָ˵ǷΧͶˣƷСԵ꣬ըԼϹض󣬻ҪƯƯġ
ţԡκޱţúеŮȥԼڵǰ˵ļ
վһԿš
ŮѾµĺۼһ˫ִǻõĵطΪרעĿ⣬ȴ˳ʱĴ
ʵκޱô꣬ɷȫװ֪ɼԼֻͣҪԣȫŮǿˡ
·ûߴ
׬ǮʵħģԼ׬Ǯʱ᲻ͣ
ܴԴԴϵ棬κޱҪػؼͥ᲻õġ
*
ڶĩ
ڿ˯
˭֪ϰ˵ͱκޱԣȥѡַѽҿкụ̈о࣬㿴ϲĸٶ
ˣƿ´
µɣ
ΪСҲϢ
緹ʱͿһκޱѡַһ˸˾˵࣬ЩһͲĵطԼΧʳƷ̲ĵطֱȥ
ֱɾʣ
˾ü˾һȥ
ڴģһܺãԱ߾һĵ̣ҲǸߣκޱǮֱǩһ꣬Ҳһ𣬽ϵǮͿյòˣַϢǮ
Ϊ˱ԼٴαñӣǸˣ֮ǰ绰ѯһµСԼ׼ָ
򣬶һһʮƽ׵Ĳ˵˺ܶ࣬ںĸֿ
ѡַˣװ޺ܰ͡æװԣõͼֽ軹û˵С˵һѣװʦˣȻһСָӡ
û취κޱͬ뿪ŮĴʹȻҪŮϲġ
ĵģԼҲģŮһͦõģСѧڻڼ٣ɺöˡ
ǮǴүʦֻˣС˵޸ĸġ
һݵʱ䣬ͼֽ㶨װˡ
ٲ룬ĵĵ׳棬ÿϿξǳԡ
پ͵͵һЩС⣬һЩá
ÿۼһ۲͵ӣƴڻۼҸĸճ̥⣬ҲƽĶɹ
ƽǶκޱĸŮġ
˵һ㲻ƽ
Щ죬ͷǺ˳ģΪϱߣ֪ܶ£΢̽һ£ܲУĿԼ
ֻǲ̹û죬Ȼֻصԭ㡣
ڼ䷢ʲô֪Ǵνɢ֮죬ȥ˾¥ûԼԹһ緹㷢״̬ԡ
Ҳ֪²żˣϾû飬ҲҪĥ黻ȡô¡
ҪһֱˣҲܷģ¾Ȼûô顣
ԹһʧܵĻʱͺصޣҪ֮ǰ֪̽뷨Ҳࡣ
鼱գȴûκλӦⷢȦһЩҲֻǵޣûۣԽĻš
ǡԸȢʵҲû塣
̵һ飬Ź˾Ҳô̹жӣδ˼ҿ϶Ӽ̳Уһû飬һ֮Զ˼Ϊ
˼̽һ£
֪ۼÿϾ۲͵Ĺأ⽫ʱ䶨磬һ绰Ǳߣѧ˼ˣҼҪȥ԰ԼõˣĸҲ棬κޱͰпҪҪһȥӻûʽء
Ů˽񶼲ˣֻҡͷ⼸κޱȽæûʱ䡣
ЦˣѧɣŰһҸ׼˼϶ϲ
һ£ûش
绰ǱŮʧѧûʱ𣿱Ǹҡھһȫְ̫̫û뵽æ
Ȼǣһ⻰پܾһʱҲ벻ģӦ£ʲô
Цʲôõְƽġ
˵һƬ̹ǼҪȥŮķţ˵˴ҪȥֳԼͽȥñѡ
ıӰ¶ŹֵЦݡ
ȻǸ񣬿Ҳͻ˵Ҫȥֳ
ԭʮ꣬Ҳûйһ
ҡüԴһˣҲˣӶôˣֱӴ
룬ص佫Լҹڲϡ


261 (261)
ȵֳſ, ǵȴţȻĶ
һͻеκޱͬ꣬кС, ͷ, ųͱ, ī, ͸¶һţװƸС
ﲻϲɷ˾Ҳᣬ˵ĶӡҲϲ
һкδĸ, ˽Ӵ̬࣬Ҳʮֵ, öԷĸĸƻǸĸĻ
ʱһ棬ɲ̫ð, ˴֮䣬ҲֻòĴк
ֳ׶ĶͯԲʵ豸Ҳ, ȫӻ͡
øӻ, ֱӽҶϣԹԵľȥˡ
ǰ˳ͨҲŶӡ
Ҳѧô˸š
˼ӣǸ, Ұ軵ˣЩк
Уֵ, ۵ĴȰ᣺źأһֱҪһŮ, ֻûԵˣҲҺûƯֿɰ飬ҿϲˡ
ŮˣɵͦţƫͷߵˣҪŮǿ϶ɰĺӡ
˺죬·˵ʲô黰һ㣬ɬĵͷ
ˣӦԼ⻰Щ|ֻѻ࿪ЦôôӦ
ʱܵˣϽǰ·ֻӶɢˣǲָѽ
ֻصʵҲӭӹȥ⻰ЦԼġ
һ֣ܿԼͺá
ε̯֣ŸӲ
üͷ΢ôûò
һըͷһְ֣ҺòֻҪԼͷⶼԣ
հ̺İ㣡
н񱣬ϲңɫ̫ãٶ˵һ䣬ھߣ
Ĳ˵Ҫˣǲĸӵ⣿
ҲæԲòģְֲԣ̴
˵첲һ¡
˵ʵࡣ
Ʋ죬װû
㹴|ɡ
ԣ˭ϲ˭ߣ
˺죬һװµ˵ˣǰְֲãȥɣʲô
һ˦ӣСűQûĿĵȥ
۾ҲˣϽϡ
ʱЩˣغܴΧŵҲܶ࣬ոյĲоĿЩ̣ҲûļҳһڳΧǳţվԭء
ôȥˣﺬЦʵ
ȴҲ˵ôֱĶš
ҧҧЩ˼Ĵͬû㡭ң
Ǽһֱһ㣬ƢƺЩˣûôᶨŲĿ뷨֣Ķ񲻶ʻʹ˵뿴㻹Ǻʹѧʱƺһû䡣
һЦҲȣߣˣҲһһӣһǴʮ꣬صʱ
ŮֹĻƺԶȥˡ
ֳǱߣʮ𲽵Ůô֣һ㣬ٿһ㡭
ϵͷ
Χһ󴵿ڵԼ壺ۣ
ȥˣ
ͣˣȱ˽Խ޷˼
ǽŵ
Ǳģǵݣֻ̽һ̬ȣȴû뵽ᷢչһ
̫˽ˡ
ֳֵĻȴʲô·ؼֻб˴ˡ
ԶһСֻǡǲǲƬӽ
ֻֻ꣬صڣϳ
ԱЦСضӻ۲
ЦЦˣ
*
԰֮н
˶⣬ĸͻȥڸʻ˯óһͣ£ˣ㱧ŮȥûˣţСͳȥ
ҪլԷκޱæôãҲչ
һͿ˹ȥ裡װ޽ôˣ
κޱҪһŮôŮھһ仰ͷ󣺡ҵСܼţѹģ
ЦҪ£϶ԵģĿң֪
κޱֲֻ֧óֻϸ뿪֮ǰװƵ
ùϸ鿴
κޱһԸ̣ģöһСѾͷԺû׼Ǹɴµġ
һֻЩ죺ף㻻ֻˣ
κޱͷţŻû졣
Ӳ˵ӣҲҶ˵һʱͷ˳£׵㣬ҺŮ棬ûȻԼͷ͵ġ
ԴҸ绰̫ˣЩͷЩΣͲȥˣ¸ٹȥ
áκޱͲ绰Ҳûϵٺòˡ
ͷȽˡ
ֻ꣬ȥûʲô⣬Ŷӱм۹һЩͦõģĿǰҪװޡ
ֻǻиҪ¡
κޱص䣬κޱ֮ǰݵֻڳͳᡣ
ģʲôκޱû£֪ŮȥֳΪҪȥģ֪
Ȼ˵꣬ݣϵЦʱʧ
˫굽Լһĺ󱳣˵ûµģѹ
κޱᣬֱӿЦõĸȥˡ
֮ǰ׼һĻʱȷʵǿƲסģҪΪϲô޸ҪΪϲôԸʮ»̥һĥΪһºӣ
ϾۣδֻҪˣӸκޱܾûбϵˡ
ô࣬ͥµĳ|죡
κޱίһкԼϹۣ޸ˣбŮˣҪȢΪۼ̵λãóȥǸĶ
ϡ
ȫְֻ̫̫ΪԼӡ
ȻίͺڣŮСʱɢ
ʵĲȫίҲӣʹۣԸںĸס
˵ʵѾֲѹˡ
κޱѸٲ˲ᣬδתѾЦ⣺һ£Ͳѹˡ
һϡ
κޱЦˣŮʣְ飬˭
ɵĲȻǸѽ
κޱװˣԼҵɾȻǮǷ޹ͬƲۼôǮҲҪȥģֻҪӪĺãоʮϵĺԸҲҪõŮȨǿ϶ģ
ţʼƻҪЩ£üӿȡ
Ȳҵûɫʱ򣬾Ҫ飬ܳԿ
ֻʱСʣ裬ʱȥˮ԰
κޱ˼άǣӦа
¶һĨЦݣֱ΢Ѿ򿪣ϴڻ΢ŵһ˧緢Ϣ磬ûʱȥˮ԰ѽˣ
Ȼȥ԰ΪһТ˳ŮҪøĸһĴ~


262 (262)
Լĺܹƽ
Ҫһ, ԣȻκޱҲú˧һȥ棬Ȼǿˣ
Ǿ仰˧, , ϾС, һʮڵĺأֻһ¡
ǵڶκޱˮ԰, ſڵȴЩ˧ʱֱڵ·Ůǲ㣿
޹գۣ裬ܶĿĸ, ˶~
κޱĥݺݵסŮС´βк, ûУ
죬Ͱ͵գʹ۾֪ˡ
κޱ̾Ϣһ˵, λ˶٣
Цϴαһ㣬򡣡
ټϳаǽһеĿ
СѾЩˣû֮ǰôˬ, ϧδ, ͵͵ɣֻ´οԿ˫٣ȥҪ㻨Ǯˡ
СӾҪСӵ
κޱҲñˡ
ϴοǽʮȻǰ˸, ôòϺô
ĸŮ˵⻰ʱſڵŵ˧Ҳ, һȻĽӹκޱİһǣС, Цºִż׽þòΪء
ô᣿һҲȥǣһ˧磺ߣȥ·
κޱЦĿ˱Ӱҡҡͷ
Һһأûд¶Ӿװ򶼲˼ˡ
κޱӿ˧ͺܼˣˬıĺɳ̲㣬һ˧Լǵˮʪ˺¶İ˿鸹ۡ
һ˵Ļͷ͵͵ա
κޱЩڣŮĴ£ҲĿʼȤ
˧綼ܶ£ûԽż֫ײȫ̶ֻǵһõķԱ죬˲ˮżˣ԰æš
͸ˣûлаǺÿۣԷҲø˵Ҳܸоá
ʱǿҪǸա
ʱҲˣΪŶӣЧʸߣ˾ͳȥ˸һ١
ԵʱǽƬ
κޱ
;һСġһ˺շ
ʮڣֻˡ
ˡ
*
ͺִȥʲôˣ
ڼ
ĸŮţ˳ΣҲţǱܾˣȻﲻԣûࡣ
˭֪ڳԷ˳ֻʱյôһϢ
ֵ㿪ӺŮ˧˴ӵм䣬ؼ˴ĶӾװʹܱصӾװ¶Ĵȣĸ첲ɶʵʵģ
һ뵽Ů֮ǰӼ˶ըˡ
ﻹ۵ը裬ˮ԰ѽɺˣ
Աߵô£
΢һ£ҵ·Լģ
죺ûϳϴȥʱǳѽ֣󡣡

Դ˭ǵһһ֮Եͦ˰
Ķ˵ˣһˣ϶⵹ùŮģ
͡κޱûסЦˡ
Ͻ죬˻ֺ˵ˮɤӣѵҪ̫֣Сƨɡ
Ȼ֪Ů⣬Բ÷ɲһƢûУ漰ñӵ£ܿıŭˡ
裬ҪǰְִңͲ𣿡
κޱЦȻᡣһ䣺һ꣬ҩ

һһڱܣ绰Ǳߣӵĥģҹǡ
Ҫܾˣ˾
ַǲ밤򣿡
ǺһЦ˵绰

Ͳ˵ַҲûޡ
ֻˤֻˡ
·İ̱һоԼҪʧҵˣΧĮĪҪֱˣ
ߣһƬ¾ã˵绰κޱ͵ݹһõĻ԰ɣˣǾͻȥ
Сüͷ𣺡ʵһôȥ
κޱЦô죿
ȥktv裡룬˵
κޱһŮԴѵ͹ˣûô
ʼ磬ֻ÷һͷҲǣܽһˣһһ֮ǰͲˡ
緹κޱ͸˧ֱʱһһЦСѣ´λҪ棬ǵҸѽ
ðЦӦ
*
صУɳϡ
ͷûһ£쬵ģû
ʵ̫áܳʵ

ãȻ˵滰ⶼУ
ǲҴһñӰ
ίôñӣְ֣հȥֳҴƯȥֳôˣﲻͬ
ȴֱӻˣ˵˲Ҫ˵ôƫƫ˵ˣϹ˸ߣ
ʶκޱǸҡ
κޱ·ϴˮ裬һ·ȥ㰾裬øðˡ
ŶϽϣ·ʱĵ˵ְ֣㲻ɫ۾ǣֻǵȥˣһ˴ңԼҵƯ磬˵ﲻԣĲ˫ˣհ̳ȥ棬Ҳֵ֧ģô⣬Ͳأʦ˵˫ǲԵģҪһͬʰ
˵̾ˡ
һıӰ
ڱһ̲˽˫ͷ
һѪںǣϲȥ²һͨ졣

߷߲ƽȻʲôҲ޷˵
Ҫ˵Դ֪ԼĸϾԽˣȻһʱͷҲܷ¡
κޱݰģ֪κޱӣԼñӵĿ̫СˣȻӾܵĵ㣬ɱƺûôء
ܣԼôϲȷʵٱıԵؼⲻһĶӣ˶֪ģһֵӣ
±˳ЦӶסûãԼȣһδε޷ֱ׳
ײЩںŮĿˡ
Ҳ޷Ů峺Ŀ£˿Է곡ϷŮ˾Ͳԡ
֪ǲⱨǵֻΪ˸κޱӦõĹƽʣһУ̼
¶ƮƮȻģ侲ˡ
Ǹʲô̬ȣΪʲôܾҲûͨ
£һ⣬˭
Ҳֻһʱԣ
ͼװûѡǰǻ


263 (263)
ĲЩʾ, ֮Ϊ˱Լͷ̵ĿܣûٺԼᡣ
Ҳֻǲκޱñӡ
ȻѾ|죬ɻûǸ, κޱڻѿ
, Ҳ, κޱæ¡
ΪӪΧʳ, ʳСԣƷ͹, ԾӪҲˣҪŮӺС
ins, ϵĵǸµĿͨͼСԲС, λ̲ƷڲмĿʽ
ʳʳСԵȵںĴ
˵ĵʵƬԼֻ桢дͯȤֿɰ
׼ڼ, Ƹ˵곤ͷԱԼԱ, κޱպãҲһֱڳ
˿֮ǰԱ, ȫˣǿҵӡ
ҵ, Ѳ࣬κޱ׶ѹ, ۼҵļҷ磬Ϣδ֪ͨǱߣȫ绰͹ġ
һӪҵŻݣ֮⣬ڶۡۡǿӪҵġ
˿ͺܻ𱬡
ֹҲ١
ڿ֮ǰҲһֱڰæԳԡὨ飬ζһ¥ټĻܶ˶ϲСԣ칫ŵüСʱ
֮΢Ӫһ£͸߾Ӳ£ճ
Ҳ˳
Ҫ˵һٶͶʻرǺѵģҵŵʮ죬ȶÿ棬ȳɱ߳һأرһڣûġ
κޱҲʣʽ𣬿Ӧ
ھӪºǲκޱɫۿɼ˺ܶࡣ
ʵԼ޷Ȼ̶µʱ䣬˿¡
ԼúңԶ飬ʵڿҲңԶֻҪ΢Ŭһ£һ룬κޱ͸Լۼô֮꣬ǰ˷ˡ
ӦԼҵû׼˷ֵ꣬Ǯˣ
ϧûõģκޱǼֵ¡
*
һ
ԥջѡ
Ҳֱ׵ʣһİʾ
ȻȴŻӦ
ĻӦˣ
ѡ˸ѵѡһ𣬾ζҪκޱ飬ŮУܳһǳεİְ֡
ǲ飬ֻöꡣ
ʱڵİע֮ǰǰ֪ûܣҲͻãֻҪǰ̤һܵõʱڵŲ᲻ͣ
Уӭʮա
ǰȻѾʮ꣬ʮͱղͬҪģΪ֮ǰһֱûҵʱ䣬ʮٵĵһٰġ
統죬ۼкӵıͶԼҺӹۼҼҾҲĺ֣ܶ࣬˿һЩҵʵ硣
ٰĵصۼլһطƫƽʱûʲôˣռ㹻һȺ֡
Ҫ£Ҳտ磬רŵڻ԰տԼȥá
ŷɫĹȹκޱһʱһ۾ͿȺӰ
Ķˣǳá
֮ǰһ䣺裬ְֳ|£֪᲻úܶˣ
öˣΪµĲ
ܶŮ˶ὫΪǼҳ󣬲Ըչ¶Իǽһ䣬ҪǲУǾˡ
κޱȴ⣬ֱӾĿҪʲô
˵Ӳ޲ֱйЩӣΪ̫æˣȻǺ͹Ůһ˯ÿ커꣬ڴϾ˯ˣĸŮܾöû̸ˡ
ڲôʱȻֹŮȻĲֹôã
Ӧʱκޱŵչ꣬Ϣһ죬Ů⺢ӱУڲõȽˣֱӺë𣬸оһΣա
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ʵԭ֮԰ʱҲΪ˽ۼҵһĿϻˣһҵʵˡ
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ֱܳȥˡ
¶Сһ䣺裬Ƭϵ|裿
һڣֱǺһ߳ܵģ


264 ȫ
ʮʲݽ
˿, ۼүүһĲ輸һϣܻ˭ģ
ʻ, Ŀضκޱ
·Ѿ϶ģ
ĬĬվżһЦҡ
ۼүү
һ, ͷ, Ȼ
ۼҸĸԽ±ˣʮ꣡ǿ϶˽ģ
κޱĬΪϱΨһ, ҲǴ, ҲǴ, ɴ൱͸ˣȥ
κޱλ£ɵүү, ǲҪ, û˽, Լģʹҷһδļĸѽ, ѵԣ
ĸɫʱһ࣬˲ӬƵģʲôĸ˵, ۼҿɲŮˣ˵ǽҳ, ûн̹㣬ʲô¾ڼǸŮˣܽۼҵĴţ
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ʲô裿㻹û飡ĸ
һͣǺκޱ
κޱüۣɲ·һ㲻ں
΢ûô, һʱЩԹΪκޱ·ʲôں
Ҫ鶼ںЩˡ
ĬˣҲû˵ʲôۼҸĸǣҲ֪˵ʲôֻܰڰ֣
뿪
ϳһֱûڵκޱ˵鶼زˣɣҲҪֻҪһֿĲ
㵵Ŀ
ôҲû뵽֮䣬ľȻκޱ֮ǰǶһֱΪѡ
棬ˣ˸ܹӯҲڸ֮ǰֻзֵһƲ
Ӧڴĺ£ֻеȸԾԶԶûԤеĶ࣬˵ĸӡ
ʹǵͷˣã֮⣬һᲹһ֣˾ʽ༯ĿˣͷҲ⶯Ǳߵķӣһס
лκޱЦЦŮֵ֣㣬ֻǰҡ
ɫУҲܽõĽҲæʱһչ˵˰̣űķҰ裡
κޱĿбӣѯʦʮ꣬жȿǺӵԸҾðŸ㡣
ɫ΢мС
Цݣɤְ֣ΪһŵˣҸ㣬˭֪Ժ᲻һֱҺãһǸɣȻҪڸѣ뿴˻ǿԹģˣҲŶ
ƵۣĸŮ·һˣȷʵֻܿɬһЦȥеɬˣá
κޱشʹҲᡣ
ʹ׼ȻʮߵһеѹǶƲס
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κޱ˾ˡ
Ϣģһ㲨۶ûС
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һߣۼʮϵƬǱϳˡ
ЩֿĶֱˡ
˺ܿϢ͹Ϊ˾ʱҲŹһ졣
ȻۼҺ͹˼ҽ࣬ʵصһȦ˾ѸٲΧ˿Լ̫ʱպüеĸ顣
ԭ˾඼Ӧˣƫƫ侲ڣû취֤ʹǩ˲Ʋָĺͬ鲻һһϦܸ㶨
ｹҪ˯جҪתһƲȻһʱ䣬˾ͽһƬǰ
ƬȻͶӰƬӸǶȡ
Գֵϳ
ʮ˻緢|꣬ƺҲϻǳǳЦ⣬ֻǽƬųһ䣺Ůˣ㰡ͦġ
չѻϵĹأֵĿŹ˾ࡣ
˾üͷ΢ζѹô飬Ҵñˣ
æҡͷٵûУǴǸ⣡ľǸ⣡֮ҲûˣǶûе
˾࣬ĵͷǾͺá
ķ
ʮ꣬ܿ˾̬ȣ֮ǰʵѾˣԸñӣǷǲУ˾Ե
ǰ׷ʱϲӰԵȴη弫ˡ
Ȼһ룬˾ֵһǲϲҵǮͷȥԼɡ
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Сȴֻһ£ȻҪˣίĨ˰᣺㱳˰ְ֣Ҫң㣡
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Ӧ˵˸˾ЩŮһˡ
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ֻǸʱΧ̫ãһֱûѳס
Ȼôһĳ񣬾ľأ
ڵóӶˡ
顢޸ϲãΪһӰ޷ϲ
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ˣһͬһŴʲƲ顣
֮󣬸һʱ䣬޸ͬûֵĲƲۼҶɹѹأҲۼҸĸĲ
ڡֻԼԼһӵоסȨķӣԼֵֽǮָڹ˾Ӵļҵ˵ҲΪ
һºκޱʽ顣
ڱϣκޱ˻Ļ棬ͬʱǿҪ£һ֧ĸѣʽ𲻶࣬ծһӡ
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ڼºһĻʱǴۼ̴绰ʱ֪ۼҹ˾⣬һҪأΪһûֳ飬˾ûᡣ
һΣ׻Щ˳ƸһСѵ
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1
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ĸĸܴⷽͳ֮ǰסҪκޱһĺϱԼʱͿԿ
ںһ|죬˫Ȧ֪ˣҪ޽ۼҵҪˡ
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ʮˣȴǰ㡭ûѧʱܾѡ˾࣬ȷġ
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Ϊ˵ʱֻܿˣ˵Լĸ飬һʱˡ
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ʵҲѲϲˣʱӰӣץסģҲΪûκޱԲŻ׾ѡҰɣ
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2κޱ
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ӪҪʱʱ̶̿ţʱͻȥ棬һˣߺŮһ
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κޱĽߣԼҲŮҴ뿪ò˵һε֣һ֪
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ⱾһٶˣѾɹڶ ΪС˵ûдôģҵ״̬Ѿڡ 
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Ǿ仰촩ǻдʲôʱдÿʱ״̬ҷһԤǣϲСɰղһ£ղҲû£ҲĸˣٴθлСɰϹ


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