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2 1.1
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3 1.2
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ֱ߽ûΡֻ˺һǣĽûɣһȼ΄練ӦֱӺ˼ϣװͰ͵ؾ߼ۣ͵˵ǰɣ
Һ˵˵Ҹϡ
û
һ콬ļͰ͵ؿٿԼҸ磬΄۵ӣֱڸСÿֶӹˡ
ûǰѻ˵꣬أ
أ
ޡ
лҪ˵
磺tongͬͯ
zhenͬ


4 1.3
ųһ΄Ϻ˵סͣȰСãޣš
Ųίвĵ
Ҫ޸޸½
޸ж
ϵĽȫ·ȥˣʲôȴ²ÿ˶յģ޼粻ȥͬѧȥͬѧҪǼڣܰţ
ǰֻܸɵۣ˵˵𣬾עܡġ
ʵ˵֪ˣҪ˵Ȼ̧ͷΪһ콬ǰϣ޿Ҫ̵ı飬ַҪͷšıǰࡣ
ڼ΄ֱۺ棬ʱʱޣ֮ȡһ۸֤޵¥õ
΄磬ˡڣĿⴹ½ϵĽڻ漴̧·ҲùܲסĿֻ֣ɱĵٴͷûۿ
㼴̻죺ųǼ~~~~~~~~
*
ʱ򣬼ֱѾϹҩˣ½̵ֻèߣӵһҲûѪá
Ϳƾ֪޵һ
꣬ȥˡϣֳһ״ҲˡǸεεǮү³ݶйͷ
һǳľֵܼˣ׵ˣڸ֣泯
ԭ׼һֵģҲˣԶ΄׽ͷŸ֮ǰۼ䣬ųˮֱèˣҸ˵ңô۸Ҷԣǲ۸á
һˣôͼ㳳ܶһ˵£˭˸۸㣬ԣ
缸꣬СѧʱΪסͷͼһ߼ͻȻһӡ˵ǼС˵Сûˣġ
رظǾҲҵĺӣаְֻ֣費һסˡ
΄ϼλã쿪ϯˣçŷɵʲô
ѾڷſϯˣǰʽĻ磬ϲΪƪ£ȫϯ󼪴ˤ˱յϯϸȫ̲ϯ
˵ûгֻ꣬һꡣǸӣ˱ҲģȰƣ˵ҲҲһ˸ľƣҲȡҲһӵġ
˴ȤԵǰָŮ
ﻢ£ԪĶӣûֳ̬ĵǼˮƣҲסƽڼͷҲûѵ
ָǶǮС½ľƣǲȼԣǾޣҲֻܼ⡣ˣȥҪ׵Ĵġ
϶ȾƲÿɷֻԹ˾˻ûأˡ
ֻǱǮİ׾ƣ߼á
ԲǱ̵ȥˣˣ򷢼ⱭҸǽˡ
ججʲôƢҸ˦ӡ
΄λã鲻ãȥ
Ϊʲô鲻ãʡ
΄粻
ͷһȲ˾Ǻ⣬Ũͳུ齫СƽĴ磬㣬ͬշųΣڴӦϲơ
ͶڵĲ˵ǰȴˣһŴʳ֪ζ
Ϊе㶮Ϊʲô鲻ˣӵľ뿴С
ĻԼ⣬ֲߣ½Ҿ˾֪ܼ϶ûг꣬ЩˣȫԼĵԸȥǿˡ
Ҳġ
һѲƹơ
ϲǱҲңҲҡ˴˲ϱֵ游
ǣһϣˡ½ұַһһֵֵͣܵ
ʮþƻˮһȦһЩݹϵչ㹻ˡ
˵ףСĶǡͥĺӣվҪЩϧǷµծΪ˺ӡ
ѾԱˣֲϯֻܺһͬŮɽǣԷӦ˹һMP3ϲ֧
žƱһʱ۵߼㣬ͷѰĶ̷ʵڵۡһϵȹӿڰǽϣŤͷİԣ̾׾أָˡ
쳤ӹӣ㹻
ŮظλһһкССͣ˵̫ϲܼҵɣ޹ͼ΄һߴȴȼ΄㹻Ǹ
Ƕ˵һ˰ɣԿڲˣߺȱϡ
ڼϣСҶС
ͻȻָʹ㣬Ҫ絹ϣƾʹ˼ȥء
ģе㲻šҩˣĲ鲻Ըվ˵ϣΪڽء
ѩƿѾһ룬ҪһԱɿˡ
һ챿Ÿƿֻ
һķⳡʲôʱɢȫǲݰ
ɫذѿձӵݹȥ߼ۣһСصϣ򡢹汿ˣһɣˣ֪֪ͣ
ôǷأ
лλӣл̡ò񻰵Ǳѩ̱͵ߣڲܶҲºأлл㡣
ϯǰͻ⺰ס˵ȥȢף½˼μȥС¯ӣμСֲƴ㰢̣ԭҲǿĵ£ȥ·ϣҶ࿴һ¼μΰ

μΡ߼ӣΨиСμΣռмֵ֡ʼ΄磬ô㲮ҵĺӣƫС
ҵľͲܱС΄Ц߼ͷͣʹԭиӣ˸ͻȻ̥ͣˣҲûˡ˺ôĴ̼˺ӣԭǸǰżֱȡ֣㣬Ůá
ڶƽҪм㣬˵ĺӻˡ
˿΄硢㣬Ѱ֡ʵǸԵ֣ҲǸǨͲҵĺȡġ
һֱ㡰μΡ΄ͼҲĬϣμξǼˡ
Ϊʲô飿ʡ֪͸ƿһ򸾺档
鲻ϡʮͳʮ־׼ɡ
ʱһųȥأڻġʮ֡

á֣Ӧ̡
*
գһա
ϲǸ죬ڱǲʡ
ܼõʱʮʮȥҽӣŮҳԹ緹ͷ
ȥʱǵͷӣճ˫
вٰȢõϰڲȥŮҵһӦ񵥣ȥŮ׵Ķ飬ȫ½ԼˡΪĶӣܼˣĸ׵ǵõġ
֮Ҫȥֳ࣬Ǹ裬Ůʿ಻ȥ֡
˵ø˴죬ЩҽС΢źӣҵʲôˣϴ飬ұǸǰ̫̫ܿѽʲôã
Ԫ޵ͷۣʷţӽֲӽ飬ʲôͷѽ
ӣôҶӵģֵôʹӲһģΪԼŲһģܺϵȥ
ҲܣǸǰ̫̫Ļˣĥ˵ı¶Ʋŵġӽ飬ô£һòţϸŸιĻʲô
Ԫˣ˭ʵϵšҰɣԽң˾ԽƲңɾͳˣĶҲɴˣֵǮĻ
ԪͷۣŰԭȶõ໻ˣ϶ɲ϶ȥˣڷˣ
ܽǰ£Ҿ͵棡
Ԫ֮Ҳȥˡ
ǰһֱ֪Ҳˣ׷ʣȥŮͷûиɫƣУȥ֣㲻ȥȥ
֪ʶأ۸һô¡ȻһԵظ˵ǸŮж˲ܼˣƫƫȥŮҽ׵ˣȫ½ҵͷ
߶߶أˡ
üͷһɽĹ˾ס졣
һñķȥ𴲣ԼˣΪԵذӣʲôӣð㲻ʶִ㣬Ҳסġ
ǵġȻӦµ£ӣԪǾֵԭµƷʡ
ڴŶˣõʱ
ԭŴͷģûνԹλꡣ
ֵڣֱ˵ڶŰ֡ſ˺ĳѽͷʱڶӣģ˵ġ
Ƿ죬ڣµغ尢ţ˵ġ޽½ˣ鳵ԭǸģô¡˵䣬ͷϵһС˶ⲻһÿ߼ҵĺӣչģ
ؿŴһ˺ɫȹ¶С͵΢ЦǲǣμΣ


5 1.4
Ųǣ
*
һӶЪܿģΪˡ
׹ԢҽԺܽңŮסǿ˾;ִˡٺͺͺǣԾȥҽԺֵҶԸһǰͯضӣҪҪȥҹҽԺкܶҹ̯ӡ
΄ǸϸɲӣϴɳһӢһڷŦԼ͡
ȥͷûϴ·ֵϴˣ
ǸӣͷһӦȻͬ⡣
ǲͬ⣬˵ģղֳôˮӻ£
ҹζǹϧ費
ƲƲ죬˵ǹͷǸǹӵƽʱѵľǼҲѵûͩһˣ͸²ۣ²жż㣬ǼҪȥҹ輴㲻ϣҪ취ŪԵĸǵģߣƫġ
˵ģ⡣
Ÿ¼ѵĵڣ˼䡣˵ģǱߣʲôʲôǶԵԼӽҲãҲãʵøüЩƫĵ뷨ġ
˵ܼҼС£ˣӲЩϹأҲ٣Ϲؾǲˣѡ˼㣬ʲôƫģǺĻУƢҲ֪ľҪ̫çײˣСģö˼أﳤˣ֪ˣ˺üµĳͷּˣΪˣûʲôá
ͺǴѧͬѧУ԰ɴܺãһֱ򳪸滥ྴأͺ˵ĵ׻ȥѧ˵ٹϴѧȫԼģĸҲТաֵܼûƯЩ΢ģҲֻϣͼ㶼á˵ģ֤μξ߼ۡˣҲãҲߵá
۶ܵƫ̻Ҫв̤ѵͷһϣİա
ϼ£ֱ۵˵̷ʽã˼ҵĺáܼҵȣ˻˵Ԫƫ̻أΪǰ޳ãŵԵĻ˽϶ҲҪĶ࣬Ȼƾ½ҵԣѺӽӻȥʲ
ǰ飬žҵˣûġһ϶˵϶ҵĶӣСԪٴ򰡣
˵ԪƫĵĻҲƫСĶ࣬Ϊ϶ФԪƣСĽԪķ棬ûûΣûƤû
˵׮£˼ҵ˽ǾͲˡֻ˵ӣСǸϴԭò϶ʲôµģ½ˣСƢ˶ܼˣǵ쳤ȥܼҵļ£ҪԪӦӽȢ׵˶ͷġ
˵ǲܼˡʵϾǹظǷɫơҲֻһ׮ǿ̫̫ͷȥˡ
ʲôˣֺԪ֣սз໻϶˿ֵܺӣﶷ
û½ѽƸز¡

ɷĽһںǰ۱˼ҵ£ҲϣǹЩоȴЩ෹ľǽն񣬸޷ʱڷڮܼҸӣüΪزϲܼˣ΄絽״Щףȫŵ㣡
£һʰһͲסɧ鵱߶
˵žԼˣǰ˵ǸΪصˣͬʱ˾ʵӡ
ϼҳʲôܼͷҲҳգ˵Ǳ߲޽ǣֻμλһξĶɡ
㵱ͩ·һأ𿴵ˣŸ˻Ȼƾļ䣬δز߶
ˬӦ£һŤͷŷּ㲻֪ʱվſڵģһ㣬컺ˡ¥ĸߴ˵ӣ㷭ȥ㣬ҲŴ׼̨
ȴΪ븸ĵԼٳܼңԼߵĵ֮£ͿЩ翵ͷ룬ãվڵ£Ƕôƥ䡣
һʱ䣬Լ͸ˡôˣôײذվǽ˵Ļܲá
̨ϣɹһٻƵǻ棬ӰӰ´£Ծѣ󣬲һڴˣǶ˾ȼ

ĲԼŶԵʣŲĿ
ҪʲôֲС˼ôôѲǵ̨ݳ
һҹͷ񳤳ЩˣǸĶ̴ȥ
Ų
ΨһһβʽȢ񣬱ʱǧȥûֱ꣬ͩϾسǡ˼ʽӭȢ֮ܳʱ䣬㶼ܻľ񡣺Ȧ֤ĻȫǽרҵĻ칫˾ġǧİ񣬶вʱһϲ
ɾʪĿըڵĻ/ҩζɫʯשȫЩɫĻҽǱƤмӺȹӵɫ·˼Ҿڹˮ˼ҵĹ˼һ̨ľִٸС
һһظһˣǰĵҪˣߵûӰˡ
һֱſڣſ֣վڴֵ̽ĵ£˳ĵøĿŲԶľ룬ǳ֣˵̨¡
ҺȺɱڴ⣬ҪҵţҪŮѵǹأٺȥŵǲϿ
Ǹ࣬ԭЩǮصϸģȫ̲룬ֻ֣վվ𱻲ţֲһ䣺
˼ţˡ
̧ͷһ䣬˵ʲôû壬ʱ˵ûʲôһЦӷ̡
*
ϲ磬ϯеĻܼң¹үÿһƵʱ˶ɹһ˲š
һѲˣѻһˡ
½ͷŵҲǱֵܣʮͷӣĸʵûޣֻǶүˣҪҪ绰ְͷĸĻȥʱ䣬Ȼˣ߲ѽ
ȥ￴ʱױϵӾڱϣ΢С㣬漴ʴ
СҪóȥϽסˣȲɣ㣡
㶵ؿ߸ĵŵҶ
һڵĹʵȰ磬ɣڹۣ˵ڻ֮Ļһ֣ҶӲһٴ
Сڱϡ
ǲ载Щֱ¶ȣȻݸ磬ȵ㣬֪㲻ͷѡ
ŵ˽ӹһھ͸ˣ϶ҲڿҵЦ
῿һ嶷ϣϵءЩˣ𲢲࿴ܵܣ϶Ҳмȥ棬ڣҪţҺͬѧȥ泵ӻ̹
ǵģ϶ͻҪʱ
ʲô
ЩԱǮһ׼ʮƽϹ
ǹǸѴطȻ㾡˵ĻûÿȵĴӣ
༸ʮĻסһ󲡡ҽԺһܵˮ
ͨнļͥŮѧҵǻӬӪÿɸĸҧšܵ׷ţ첻ĺͿˣ
ܼʳ˼ң˵˽ծ
ͬҵĻ£СԸģͬѧ
ǰ󶼱ĸ׽ˣ⻹һƨɵծѾƣ
ԪҲСͣ˵ϲһı˵ĵֶΣҲ֤ʵڲάˣô˾Ͱֵֽ塣
ʱܼҲáҲգСԼء
϶Щ
㲻ԸҽҲԸͬΣһ£᲻ǣǸ᲻ļ
ϴһжһıˣ˵ø˵Ƿݡ
ظ׵Ĺ봫ͳҲPڷĶȨ
ƾʢĶŵǳԿ̱ʮֵܣֳͷһرʾ
˵ĸ׳֪ͥѽԪٰ׷أĿɳĵز
Тûأͷͺһ˻ˡ
ǷʲôССɫˣ޿䣬̸˸̸һЦǣԪƫͳףĸȴ˾ˡ
Щ꣬󹦿һĸץסһѱЦҡ
ЩˣΪΪ衣Ԫµծ
ǣһʱЦʲôѱأԼ˵ˣͷĹأõõġ
ǳû˭ҲǵߣԪȢŵģ
Ͷ̧࣬žߡǲԸ㣬ΪʲôҪ㣬ϲӸ˴ģȥˣҲźˣ˰ɣ
ܼ϶﷿ֱ¥˶óﲻԸˣ
ĸ׷·ģէСүƢ˼Ҳײ˵
ųĻһ߼㡣
ϯһֱϵģȥ졣
һ·ⱼǸͷļ׷ȥ
һΰ߼۸ˣ̺ͼ΄綼һиҪúÿǼҼ㡣
ȥҸƵҩ⻰Ƕĸ˵ģǳ㣬һȥ
˵Ź׽èӵֻ֣״ûãȥҩ
ججر׽ߣ
ʼٸߵһǣǣӵĸоã


6 1.5
Сһֱʡ򱱣һҰѹúܵ͡
ϸ˵¡
Ҫȥҩϣ
ʻˣֲ嶵Цù죬߼΄ãһһرǸǰȻıҲѹ֣߼ҵķΧã΄ĸĸǶˣŮҲ㹻ĺƽѺá
ǰžԼҸһûз
ûлشԹǰߣ쵽һ򹫽վ̨ˣֻ绰Ϸ룬ԷǸӵģͷһңҲһ
ͨǸ߶Է׼ȷַҪʮ
ոߣȻļ쵽ʲôˣ㵽Ҫȥѽ
ؼҡ
Ϣض
Цʣô
˵ȥҩġ֮ƾġ
ϸûҩԽƵģ߼㡣
ͷߣӿһĻӣ̫ˣ֯޼ɣĻ񶼿˵߾ߡ
ҪȥӦ׮µġ
Ǽ΄úãҲϡȥû¹һӡ
ǵȼ߳ʮԶʱĵغǸ¯ʲôġ
ҴӦġҲͷ
³һʡϣǺܽʱп쳵ХעĶԲ߰ȫ㣬ĻǼٵġϣбߣʱ˾ʵ˿иϣܶܿⳡٻ塣
еĳˣҲ񲻶ãɵظЩҵ£ҴӦְֻúýĲ¡Ϊȹҡһ㣬֪ġ
֪߶һءĸһ
ĳǾȥġ
캰ͣңϾҲᰡǲÿ¶ñȸߵͳǲе±ȻҪи͵òԸһˣ͵سЦһе˳¡
ܲ죬ĵļ¡
׻Ǹ˵Ӱ׶ǣûʡģ
ΪʲôҪȣҺһģ죬һԪͷģΪͷȷʮꡣߴͬѧĽļ֪ܼͩǵĵλʮǿҵҴ
ǲ֪ǣ͸һˮƽļͥ͸˵һĴҳɣ͸ͷȢţӣӡ
PڷܼҵǸͷ۽Ƕûһµģͽϴ󣬽Ϊ˳ŵĻ¡

ʽȥǰмͬѧҡ
ʱǸĸĵڶꡣ
ǵЭǩú˳ΨĸȨԭǸĸ׵ģɼԼѡʱ޷˵ѡ˸ףϸǵˣֻǵûþͰˡ
֮ܳʱ䣬ֻǸ㸧ѵʱǣƵʴһµꡢһꡭ޻˵
˵ģÿ˾ͽӻ˾ͽҽȥˣ˾ͽڴ齫Լߣһٱ֤ϵûؼҵ·
ϵŵúܣ˾ͽٳٲׯͷأҲû˵ݲӦһ䣬ô㵽Ҹ˾ͽ绰ѽ
ȷʵʶؼҵ·ģתһΣϤվ̨͵ˡ
ת;ˣڶٳٲļ㻹ǺͿˣͿߣ״绰ʱѾȫȻ·ˡ
΢죬õҹɫ͸ˣһ±ζϰ忴ȻԼʱһӻͣ
һϳ˼㣬̸岮ֵܼҵĺӡ

գȴȿģҲ˾ͣġ
ǵ߼Ҽһأ΄˵ҵĺӡ
ȹ㣿Ц֪С˽һˡ
㣬类Ļӵˣ
Ļӵġ㵵
Էݣĳˣϳǰ΢΢ӲԶˣҪǻȥͻȥҿߡǴûŪˣظˡ
ģԶվҵɫΪĻӵ¡
ģҵֻ档Ц
ӵͻȻЩȤζס㣬סһ汳ģҾȹһصķϣ㣬㻹һΰɣ˵ͷ۵ȥҽԺġ˳ˡ
ͷۡʵǡ
۵ģèӵģڷˡѡ
ҪǸ¯ӵģϢԢ⡣˵ϲǮá
ϳ٣ҳ˫
ǱѺϳģߴæϷ뿪ʶǹģһߣһ㷸
ʮһط꣬߼㣬֮ĺܶ㣬ӡеʼģǰ֪Ľ䱸СŮ紺ڼ䣬΄齫⾺أ˿֣˿ŵڲⲻڵżϵˣ㣬ǴĻǵһƣȴ΄͵һţôҲˣƣŷһţŬȻ࣬ⲻסؿˣ
֪Ǽ΄ĹֶŮֱӰǮȫõȥˣ˵ϻƺġǧģҪһҵģ硱֣
ƵļһƶǮȻֻ˸һĳ룬ȫ˸硣
΄ѧУĸԣӲǱˣҲб鷳ǼǸСãȴʱȤҲʱݣʱǼμγˣȥҼҲҪЦʵúܣʲôʲôס
ۼΪʵͬ˼΄ĻСĳˡ
Ϸʶӣȥģ軹ã
ôһžǸõ϶û
Ϸ벻Ҷ໰᲻ѽʱָһ١
ˣ˵ãһ˰ˡûڵĻ
һ·ϣո죬ˣһ裬Ȼ䱻һӣڼ硣
ٵĹӰ
ҪϷѳӿ̫̫
޸Ԫ󣬺ΪȻĸԼǲĵܵܡ
ĸܼҾӵĽų̣̫̫Щ껹һζдĸأôҹŮ޸˲ǣԪʵĸѽǣⶰӴʰסʮˣŮԪûŹһΡ
ʱڣҲȥܼҹز̫̫ʶˣܲȥͲȥŮļòŮŮҲģ˼ҵŮǰӣԪԶֻԪ
ſż¥СҶƵļͷ̧̫ͷ̫̫ƶˣԱƵ˰Ŵ
һһԹԡıôʱˣ첻Ȣ׵Ķˣ
ˡšҲƣǡ
ǡ̫̫꣬ŷִӺ滹ŸСŮ
ͷòССɵģͿҲ󡣡˭ҵĺѽʡ
·ϼġƭţҲ߼㡣
Ϲ˵˵̫̫ѵûУȻְǲģԭġ
յʲôˣ
Ҳſ𡣡¯±ţ࣬С¯㶹˾һ̫̫ԹԷ˵
ߡǾ˾ûøУԳøɵģ֮һӣרѪ
̫̫ѣǮúã֮ҪʡԼõȥӼϱһʱﲻһ
̫̫Ҫ˵־֣һ㲻ְ֡һûġ
ǣܰǸĶŪϹţˣ⻰µž˾˵ҲҽЩ̫̫类ûƢˣ£òͷ
ԪĶӣܲأʲôλõģǼ
л̫̫ҲûŪףܵֻ˵æ˰죬ġ
ȥ꺮ůض޹ˣҲͻȥˡ
ӽһֱ˵ǿѺ޺޵üдţ㡣
վſڣںһֻè档
ôôЩءֻݡ
üһ˼ظ䡣
һ˼ǿ㲻Ҫˡ˵գ߹ýŸϿֻȩ̀ͷǿְҽôһɾϰûѧأ
û˹涨ҽһġ
ںҽаǲǣ
ʵѽ
ѽͷ˵ŻǶˮҪôЩϡ˹ֵĶģèġ
Ϲ˵˵
ˮû
̫ܿͫ׵ɫ
ϥվ˵Ҫߡе£һȥˡȻͷԵ˸ӱ
ѾϢ΄ˣ㡣
һĻ˭Ŀ졣
߼ͬѧǸӣæ˴죬ûԼڲˣ͸
΢΢ؿ޷ЦЦ˵Ҳˡ
ССԴžˣվſڣߺȶ⽵
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ĵϰʳ˳С⽣ڵظݵķϡ
Ǯûϰ壬ȥʱһᡣ
ַ⣬Ҷˬ졣
Է˼⡣֮£ʼ㣬㻹ϴֳԣʲôҴأ
ҲûУ⽹ģƤģһͺóԣۻ⻨ĺܴθڡ
Ȼֱļó˵
Ӻˣ˷ʳɳܵԭ
ֲֶʳ֮£̻ʵسϵĵһ⽣
Ȼˡ
ó
ͷǶоʳϿɡ
óԾСȻشһ⡣

ʲôţ˭Ǽ󣿡


7 1.6
΄ѧûϣǼĸס
ƯĲ񻰣˵֪Եôĸ׾ֱ۵Ư޵۹⣬ҲòϣŮˣעɳ
ĽŮߣĲįӶǼٵģ˵һȥ͸һظ˾С
ŮУиŮҪסϧû
ʱĸױϣݺݷ˸ۣĸ׻ػĸϵֱһޣ
ʱֻĸ׺ÿĸ׾ˡ

ٳٲڣҨ⽣һһΪչĻ¸
־ڱصõ˵˵Һǵĸÿ
ҽŮϸʶ˾ǿͨڿ;ġ
ף˵һ飡
һûأʵ꣬Ҳȥè㵹ˣãԣ߼΄ã
໨ɫĶ⽣߰˸ȷʵԵҲʵڱˣ󼸸ʵڳԲˣЩбػôҪ˾ٻң
͸ģܸܲèԣּèǲèģҲܳԣҲɡ
ˣèɡ
¥ϵˮϴʱ򣬼㿴ֻèϸϸسʣµļ⽣ŸǺϲèϧְֲҲᣬΪбУСġ
𣿡
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߶ű͵ѧġҪӼȥΪֳ̫æʵչ˲ȫӡ
֪𣬾ûĸһǳæһ伣زڡ漫ˣǵŮ׶ĸζʲô
ĬĴ׼;쵽ۼֻϴùϸ£ˮһֱֱϣݷԵ֫ԽȴˣòãԼӼˣһСӵĴԼĿ
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΄ŭس۵еûǲǣϹ˵ļ¡
Ķӣҡ
߼΄磺졣
ðɣ΄ˡ
˵ģѧУӣСùյ⽣㻹Ҫϴ룿
ԼҪϴġ
΄һģƽԽһŮĸһ顣
΄ŲӼ룬СϴãȻҪߣ˵ܵĲմһ첻¾ͺѡ
ƽԽͼ΄Ļɲǣϯɾӻ飡ӻ飡ƽԽ˵ŻϵĸģϷ֮ʮ㡣
֣˵˵Ҹ漴Ŀƿˡ
ȫȫϺ˵һţͷһ΄磬У˰ɣҼûǸÿѽҴҳģҾ˳Ҳˡ
΄磺лл㡣
ίί֮¾ͺͺֵܵˮ˵ﲻҪѽһѣһȥ˼ƨɸԲˣ
֮ûֱӻؼңҲ֪Ӳͷһٴ
ôԤҲͷڱǰʧ˷ִ磬ӶˣǸ㣡
΄ǣʱˣѾﲻˣǾͿ޼ҿɹ˰ɡ
΄类NࣇNһӲˬһۡóļ΄Ҿ˵߼ҵĶŮǲ𣬸ͷĵˣˡ
ú͵Ǽ㣬վڸ棬æúȤ̲סЦˣ
һЦҲƹˡ
ˣȻˡʲô¶ʡ
ƽԽѾѡ˳أһٻ죬Լ3һȥ泵
ǰľǣϣ3ųš
ͷ˵ĹǴĿõġ
ôƽԽζȥǹţûȤʶ㶹ܲܳѽ
ƽԽӹҨһ룬ҲųһûһţһŸϵĸģҡҡͷɴιȥˣ׽⡣
ժɻԺɻȥܲժЩߣΪɻԵ˰ָǰϺöŮϲ
Ҫ˾ͽ
˵ЩȫȥĻӱģûôãĻǿó硣̫̫Ҫժǡ
õۺĻ̧ͷʱ㿴˷һĻ
ιǸŮԶ֮ҲӦˣȻĻȻӽһ红ѧһ㣬¶վ·ˡ
˵΄úÿɰڻСʱҲָġ
ܸ
˵ȥ̣ҲȾָס
ͿָͲǸÿ
㶮ʲôָʱ˦ӵʵڲãб±β㣬Ҹգ
˵ģա
ԱߵƽԽȥˣˣ
΄ȥˡߣʵ۵ѾͷȥˣμΣժͺͷˡ


8 1.7
һܺ˫գѵпգΪ绰Ԫ˵
ǼҼμСƢǰͷͷˡǸϲ£ںӵĲǣŪвˡ
ԪƽʱҲ벻Ŀ͡Ϊ˶Ů©кԪڵ绰Ӧ𣺹Ȼ⸣֮С
ôţҵֶŮزˣϸҲгԷƵͷ˲ǣ
ȥ·ڸϡűϵļ΄̫ˣԹ˵㻹ðְ֣϶ҪȾƵģʱû˿ӻȥ
˵ӣʼ΄磬˵Ȧؿˣ
΄̹ʵػӦףǣǶӰŷסˣϳʲô¡
ؿбһۣÿһؿ
΄磺
ʱó׵ϣ΄磬ѧǺ£Ǳҵǰˣ߿㹻ȥ̡
ҲȥڮǣҰգͳ©ҿɲԭ¼μ׽ҹȥ
ұ߳ߵļرæӣûһӣήȥۺ
Ǹ¯Ĳ£ˣϸϣû졣
ȥʽ½绰ûν̾ҲүҲνϢǸЦŽûɡοԪСڣ˵ģǲҺʹ죡
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嵥̸ʱֻ˵ǸĻӡ¡
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㣺Ҳǵˣǵ׷ʲôֻǵϳ󣬳ůͣһ̺ӡ
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꣬Ҳͬ⣬ҪдΪĿе壬һֱǸꡣ
Ϊʲôдְ֣
ǸϷӣ㲻ꡣ
ðɡбάܼͷգԪ绰һ˦ǼμǸӣӵΪʼڲɿôĶӻܲסأôҲֲǼμͷϡ
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ã˵ϣĭӶɶˡֻӦ¡
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ͷһϣô°ְ־Ϊȥģ㲻ȥ
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СӣûӲܷɵʱ
ȻһԵذϴ˵Ļԭⲻͷ㣬ɲɣҺƽƽݣƾʲôҪһԿڣ
ңСģΪСģ˳ĴģȻôҺҧҲпԭġ
Ԫһζִ϶ƽҪôͽ֣ҪôƤ֮϶ĴС򵽴ģҲ򲻺õӡ棡
ðĻϴ˵
󣬸ļơּסԪ˦Ʒ磬鷿ķ޿ţԪﻵˣҾͺƴ
ˡӵЦΪȫȻסͷǣſҪŵĸϷʵͷҺӾѵĽɴһ˵ףҲǷǸʲôұŤҲһˮƽЩ˲ƽҸˣ㻹治ТǴӣ뵱Т᲻ТģʲôռţռͻҪŮˮ
ûõ˲ŻȥڮŮˡ
ܹˣΪֹաһͷȻ䣬Ԫž쵽СӳˣѾ㹻һ˵ˣ˵øװPڷϴζʲôˣͷѾȨĵزˣһڽӵӰأ
ⱣĿ˰ɡҶ֣Ҳͺ㶯֣û㣬ͷԼ鷿ЩϼһǡָǲżϵĹŶǡ
СӣҪ췴ǲǣ
Ԫּ䣬ˤ鷿ţķһֱʶô
ҪȥϷɷɣ汻ˣҪعˣ
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ǺȾƵȻһ̫̫沰ҵӣ
ĴССĺӴһ
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һ磬Էβ׶Σ΄ŸСӵһ
⻬ıӣͶѾǽŮڳˮͷԳ绹ǿˣûҲʡ
ܿذķ¿ӡԼңռĿҲˣûʲôнһɷİT̿㣬ˣ㲻ܿĵط
䣬΄ͺȳекòã
ʲôأ˵ϰǿ
죡
˵ʲô粻ˣҪúóԷСôô໰
ȫ̳ĬĬҨʣµĽˮһһںȵСèˮ
ʸ磬ܲܰƿӴȥܱ£ܡ
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ۺ֢ɣһֱ˰ġ
˳Ŷ
ϲ˵Щⲻȥ룺òǻΪϴ²İɣ
лҪ˵


9 1.8
ټ߼S⣬вμӢԵġ
߼ҵĺӶѧУ飬ֵ㣬ȻҲŸһ
߶Ѿʽơ߿ԤۣæĩҲĬ˲εĴڡ
΄λãôͩǣ
ôأذѵȻȥ
ҰѼӻȥɡ΄ͣμνμӢıԡ
ҪͩǣԼʿأȻʹ˳糵ɡ
΄粻Ǿôˡ͵ҡ

ϸɲ߰೤뵽ʲôһָμԺ嶼Ըȥ
˫Ժȿ˵ɡ
Ȼϣ߼΄Ըѧпϵĵ
ðɣûţ
вԣӢ磬ڼ΄ˣԵһ
ѧУиѼѪ˿꣬ѧʱ򣬼Թ
èãƽʱѧԳԵԾǴȥǴȥζܹû㡣
ѧУˣ΄˵ǳһ룬õҡ
ѧ¥һ·ȥ˵߼΄統û˵ʮТûôĹ
ʲô˵㵽׾Լһ㣬лš
ˣ˶ûɡֱĻСܡ
⼸öˣǰ󡣡
û£ֻǾŮӼңʹȻ
΄ĳһ䣬ʱϴ΄ֻȼ꣬ʵҲֻ˵Եʡʱܲãμθһ޾صش
Ȼ飬Ϊʲô겻ĺ붼û룬ѡ˰ְ֡
辫ѿڶ
΄ҡͷҲǣͷһûˣûáǼûȥ
˵䣬΄⣬ʾ˵ˡ
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վڳǰѧУıûɶģƫƫϸ¼ˡ
΄纰Ťͷȳ΄Ц£Żعƽ
΄ѼѪ˿ó
óԣûҪ˿ϰ廹һǮ
ΪʲôҪ˿
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ڱĶԻ̫ûӪ
㲻ôɴˡ
ˣʲôʡ΄Сýһͩǣгӣٸĳӻ
˵׼磬֤Թͻͷġ
ҪԼʿġ˵ֻż΄磬˿ԽӦûʲô⡣
ź֪ղû˵
ǣѾͷԻ
˾Ϸһ㶼ϴŵǣ⣬Ϸ绰˵ıŵ
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ˣϳաͬϷ˵Ҳͬŵļ˵
ϳϷæͨ磬¶Ӹð
ٿһϳСŮϸ¼Ǹӡ
ͷ棬ҪŸɾ̺ӣѧ·ˡ
̺ͷϡϵ꣬ԹԵĶ֮࣬Ťͷŷ߼ͬѧԶԶԶţڻڳƵġ
Цǿϵˮһ߹ı̺һ߷ˣϻ¡
΄ղŵĻ֤һ㡣
ϰߵ£ôأʵҲҪⲻǣҲˣҼͷ˵ֶͼ֪΄綼õġ˵۵ã²Ρ
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ժķɻָûҿָͷɸɾ
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Ŷ״ȴڷЦЦǸӣܺú塣Լ޶ЩĪ
Ҳ΄˵ôСͱѡĸĵѡ⣬ѡ˸ףͦġ
ݲѧ֤⣬𰸴ȥ㣬ÿһ֤
𰸾ͬͬ亢ӵС
áĻû˵ֻ꣬𶯵ˡ
ԣһ䣬ܳһ̸ˡ
Ӧŵ绰ͷˣ漴ҪϷѳƻȥ
Ůѣġǲһ࣬ÿܶһͩǵģȥʱ
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װߵǡ

һ·㶼˵ֻиں˵ϣĹͬ˵Ů࣬һûһӦš
ӵִ˵ĵطʱѾͣˡһ³޵İСһҰⲻͣгʻҲеƿУЩѹˮĽӽСضš
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Ҫĵ绰룬˵ʱ֪ͨ
˵ԼѾҵżˣʱҪSԽ滹ԡ
Ϊʲô
Լ߷Щ
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صػ죬ڼŮڡǸФ̫̫Źģ涹ϵǺŴ׵ϵǰ
ЩʽԽԽʧˣФ̫̫Ҳ̾ⱲŪЩֵμѽᣬȫֳɵˡ
ֳɵӶ廨ģɢɢԼҹģнǣŴ׻ҲʵΪغ
㰮԰Ŵ׵ģʲôڶ飬ǶպǳԣΨպʽ͡
Ҳӣһ߳ԣһĥţ¼Ҫ΄ͼء
ͷͬµݻǺЩʵѼ˵һǡ
йȥ
ţץȥٻͷ
ڣʽĴͳҪԡ족֮ҪֲͬĲˡ
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ͷڱࡰѼӡʵӱϸϸСǡùһѼĴС
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ͷҲ̧ĻƣҾʦݣƨأˮ֡
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Ϊʲô뷨˵꣬ŷ塣Ϻ̧ͷμΣΪʲôһЦ㣿
֪;ǶЦҡ֮ǰ̵ò̵ܶͷ
˵ҵŮƯ˫֣ϺҲ֪㣬ǰ̷ҾҺϣҲʡʱͷѽȤãдС˵ֲʲô캦£ΪʲôΪʲôҪЦ
㷭ۣŶߴĴԭǲ캦Ŷ
ţҪŶõģٺ١
飬дġҵĸסǲǹ£Ҳû˽׵ĹʣǿǼͬ¶Ȥ
СƷˡ
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ע1
Աġǡʮף
װ

Ҫ˵ĺ
΢΢ȵ̧һҪд
Ҳһɡ
Цףһɡ
Ůѵõ̸ģ֮ʣš
ﻹѼӣӦȥˣ
Ŵ⣬ôҲû뵽û뵽
һTп㣬Ÿӣȼ㿪ڣٸʾ
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лҪ˵
ע1бʾ
仯Աġǡס
仰ԭ¸ĵĹģǼ뵽ģҡİɡ
Ҫѡ


10 1.9
û˵Ļôⲻˡ
ǣèֹͣ˼
΄ҪҾƺŵʱ򣬼΄ʲôôڣ
ⲻǰҲⲻǰ
ȷʵͻ˼£ڣôʦڵڡ
ҾǼӵ˺ұŤ
΄ͷǵģһֱôԵˣе˺޶ұŤ
ƶ֮źͼ΄˵Ļ̫ҪŸµˡҺͼ㰤ĳ㻹һ̫С޶ĸĳͲƤҼͷƫĹƫģҳ
һʱȥ򡣺ԼˣԴӵǵ׸һ㣬һ㱡ļ֮Ҳ꣬Щ˼ֵܻãиС˸ٺòֳԼǽС΢¸粻̻ء
΄类˵κˣʲô˼
Сúϲèֻèͬʡ
΄ͷèűèӹôϲè
УèΪʲôҶ֪֪
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ΨһһμǸĸףӲŮҾֻܽŮѣҲҼʲôס
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ɳϵ˴Ȼˣȡ
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Ъ˹Щ꣬Ȳһֻè
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ǸûĸԵˣ֮ĺܶ꣬һΣ
Щֲڣôѡôߣһġ
ΪҲ֪
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11 2.1
һ꣬£SС
Ƶ绰ʱ򣬺߻ڻչļ๤ǣͷĴͻ豸ɹ׻ܿĻ
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㣺ҵĿӵˡ
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Ƶͨ߼ˡ
ٲȥ³ˣȼĸЧ˵ڵƻ
ڽʣߣ㡣


12 2.2
뿪XʱݽĹ
ǡǵĿƽ˿˸򵥵лᡣ˾أڼָƣҲζʲôֻ
Ѿ˵ˡ
ʹͷ˵ϷߣȻִСȥǰغף㣬ǰƽгٻᡣ
ʵ˴ףЩʻ
һһ罻ȦӣĶϵȥĳˣ˴ͬǣټĺҲֻǹ쳾һ΢
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㣬ģ㵽ҲǴ
ģһҲġ
ģǧټҲһأ
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һְҵţݣɢţɢѩзϵһƣĵñīŨ
һֻڴɢţһöԲԲŦۡ
ڸ
һ䣬Ϊʲô
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˾䣺ٺ˵ԱȫԲϸá
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ˣҽܿͽˡ
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13 2.3
һҹδߣֳƣ
࣬ɴڰ칫ҵɳ˯ˡϢľê׽ף׹ȥ̵ĺˮ﷭Ű뿪ĺ⣬µµ˻ȥ
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һģݳϣҲТҾȫ
Ԫŷһʮ嶼صġһϺõСҶ̴飬108ţͷ˵ȽŲã϶㵱治棬һذɡ
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ԪһђYסǰýӣֻѯ϶ʲôˣ
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΄绰û꣬žһ¿ӣһ֡˵ҾͲˡıݺݶ


14 2.4
ʲôĻѴƣ߷棬ּ١
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15 2.5
΄öԣ¾뵽Ŀȥˡ
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16 2.6
ԼᡢӦܶ࣬ҲǷӲҪҸ˿Եʡ
ԭϷ뿪ģһֵܡϷ붯СˣŶ˰࣬С˾˵ϱѧʡѧġ
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ǣʱˣǹ߼΄硣ԣҳԷˡ
׼ȷ˵΄һ
ͷˣϴľŰ˻ȥͶɳϣ
ƺģͷϸϸŲ˵
˺ԶҲĽٽ
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ڳ˵Ʒ㣬䵽߼ǰ˼ڣûйֵ
һͣ˵йоصˣͨѵľ档
ڼ䣬οʱ䣿
ֻǲ뵢ʱ䡣˾˵þŵġ
С죬ԺС죬Ҿ˾˼ҵĺӡαϣ㣬ܲӷ磬·ڼ尾񰾿ͻһҰߡ
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ᵭһЦ˵İڰͻһҲʿͻô⣬ֺ֪
˵ӻǴΣٲˣΪͷ֪򲻹ˡ
ϯֻ㡣Ļʲôӻ飬˭ǣӻ顣
ŶԭʲôǵáΪأһ˿һ˵⻰ʱ˭˿˶
΢΢һʶؿһۣԣĬ
ʱˣʾ򵥡
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˵ͲϳˣæȥɣԼ򳵻ͷ
ƽĿǣϳ
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ԭλþѡİλֻǼҪͩͷһһĲ࣬ǣȻֵľ۲ͣôô㵽
ŶǻĿˡҸ˰գҸˣסϣҲԸӳǱȥҲˣ˳糵һվ·Ҷӷ

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΢ƾԼϸNotetakingʣĴֻظ
ӦͷߵλֻĻͣ΢ɨľͷϣҪӼĺţӦ˺ţҺûҵ̸
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עʱ򣬹СƢгַö˶˵ļ㣬ˣ棩ǸϵͳԴš
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һûоܽӣݲݽͨȶԷڣܹ»Ӧ㡣
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Ϊ˵ȥɡģˡ
˭ûкȾƣˣҼҡ
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㣬Щ꣬úſţȻվ棬ûĶ
ƫīϡ
ڿԼĿǡ

Һܺáݣѧҵ˳Դöȷֻȼ΄ǺãҹúܺáʺҲYɡֹΪֹ
ллͣ硯


17 2.7
˾ͽΪǸΪɵˡ
ʮһ͸߹УȻš
ǵģκ͸⡣Ǹë޹˾ͽ˺þõ㻨Ǯģ뿪ͩǵʰġ
Ϊ㴲ϵһжճҪģֻ۵ëߡ
ȥXǣǰ˾ͽ㣬סһʱ򿴵ˡ˾ͽôأ֪̫ˣǮ⣬᲻ö
˾ͽǸƶԼ㣬Ϊˡ
Ϊ׵飬ʱߵ̫æˣǶû
˾ͽX棬;˳һܣһ֮»ͩˣ˾ͽһ˶ڼǮֻŪˣƾš粻ͷҵ˼㡣
ʮļ㿪ų˾ͽԼĹԢ
׶԰ʼ꣬ʱʰ˾ͽЩٽһ£㿴úܿףÿ˶ԼæµԼ˽еĺʧʱ͸ܸõϲãþ൱ʧȥݡ
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ЩҲֻģ׸ɣԤĻҾ͸΄Щ˵Լš
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㲻ΪȻʱϣһ죬ܷŴ٣Ǻ١
һ뵽ô䣬ҪȥϹ˰ɣٻеġ
ĳͣĵһ̳е˾ͽ˵ǸڵŪڣһһظԾŸֻԷѾˣûأ
˾ͽһתһŲɫë¡ɫT׵ŮɢţΪ̫ѼñﶫأȫȻûԼҴλá
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䵱Լģ߳ģġֻԼʹЩʲô룬ǱҲãԱҲգֻԼ͸ù
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˾ͽϰˣϵŶ廨š
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18 2.8
¶ԪһܣسǵĻͨϣƴ⣬ѩˣ
ԪЦ϶㻹ѩ
Ŷԭˡֻǣͷ˵ѩˣǸܱ˵Ĭ硣
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ܽͷľ˲ãӣϴȫģ϶޾ϸø档
̸ĿͷΪ˷ɴѾ߰˴ˡ
δҪ϶УøɵĻԪȫƸ϶
Ÿǳ˴ͷ̸Уͷɧߡ
ȫЩϳӣԪײֻ֣ǿͷơνһһ񽻸϶ܣЩϹͷأŵԪһ·ۏ꣬ǻ˶ѽܣ㵽׹ܲܡ
Ԫصذ̸طŵͷǣҵƾҵһġ
ûҲ᲻֡ȻôӽϴģĲҵҲһҽǣ͵зֵԾͿСѧһĸľԣҲĽš
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ѱˣ


19 2.9
ԪǵŮ϶С꣬Ҳ̽΄㱣ýҽףԸԸأ
ϾǶҲ벻ġܼҵĶȢ߼ҵŮҲ䡣
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Ӳʳѱ߲ݡ̫ͬ죬쵽/
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Ǽֱôʲôʱضأϯ
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ʵʵش˸磬Էǽĳ̨ʹѽȫζ
Ӱ̸飡
˾ͽȥˣľƵҲ˵δػϡ
һƿеȼλİ׾ƹʱŷϱˡ
أ˾ͽʼ㡣
ˣǳҩˣؼҳҩˡ

գǳ緹Ѿˡ
˾ͽ¥ʱų̋С֪Ѿˡ
Ҫ꣬绰գѼñλС׼ɡ
Сһۣ·ġ
ʣ˵ʲôˣ
˵

׹СˡΣҪ


20 3.1

ɵľ籾ƥ÷һξʵĶԻ
Ϣ˹ǻɵϣ
е㣬ү˶һ㡣
ȻһҲûСҳһ㣺ȥͳһɵϣȥɵϣͳ˷סƤ˵ĻҵɵϺˡ
ףһ˳
С521  ע1
-
ҹʱ򣬽ӵĵ绰
ˣë˵Ķܵģġ
ţûţ˵ΪǷᡣ
Ҳɡ
Ŷ̻òᡣ
ͷֻЦĻƢԹһ⣬ɡ׼ɡûС
ûСûҲظ
ʱѾʮˣ绰ͷ˵󿧷ȣȷ˵裬Ϊ쿴̲Եʡ
Ȼˣ˸O@Ķʵغһ߼㣬ûЬӣղСĽֺͷײеı߽ˣҪۡ
ˣҳҲûǵĺϡԭڴͷϰ컬ȥƽ״еˣ֪ǿ黹ͷͷճֵģ
ʲô
ʲôʱҵ绰
ͷ·ԤϵˣһڿȣбӸµĶп
ûС
áҵ㣬пա
˿޵Ĵ·ƶ£ЬҲûȥûغá
Сʱͩôô꣬µȥˣôû͵ģ͵ǲǾͿȥѧˡ
СʱǣͷҪκ˸
ڣؾɾΨһľǣԶûա
ĵ绰
>
׵ٰģҽԺͩ˸
첻ͬ°˵һĸŮ
ǶĸŮշת͸Ժϵ㣬ҽŮʼûϻ棬΢˼󣬼ҲʹﵭĮЩΪ֪ôѡְֶӱġ
Ըְ־µˣְûѡǼеѡΪܺ߼һƽСĺӡǳһģֱӾٵģЩˣѡ½⡣
ʮļһμڸ׵ϡ
վҪˣ֮ǰصҽ׵塣
ȥǰڼǰһТ۾úͨͨģƽյ棬ٲȡЦˣǶˡ
ûĸͬܡҲǿڼ΄ϣŹֹػСӣСã㣬úóԷ
ϵֽˣ΄ҪȻȥƺˡ
һŮ٣㻹ѣϳĸףյ׵衣
ʱĸŮѾûˡ
ȥʼ绰ü絽ˡ
ĸ׽м棬㻹ǵãְֺ裬С档
һڵ׺컨ĳȹͷɢţ˵ķȿóģܷ촽ӣ˿ûԾԷǰ
иͬŮ
ľľվǣҪˣ裬Įüۣ޵ģϵĺ졣
Ǹ漾һˣվĸŮΧĿ˵շת¼ºʱӵߵϢ·ɻҴұѡ
˵⻰ʱڿһۼ㡣
ԣ漾ףά
ǣΪΪЩϵ
Ȼ뼾Գ
ԣĽʡ
濴ŷϵ֣ûнӣҪͬ⣬ʾܾܾ˵Ĺػ
XǼϱżȻԵʣΪʲôҪ¡
߰ϢԲ˵
Ҫһ㣬߱ϡž͵ʣܲпɣ
˱͵ƣڱ򣬾ֻʣ
>
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һԭؽ죬ԭشݻ١
վڻҽŨͷˣ߹ָһϻҽӿֳ
߼㣬ˡ
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иӸѣΨһĺôʹ졣
߼΄ǼĬܼ϶򵥵Ĺʹ
ҲϷԹϱʲôһȺ׵
绰˽˺ȴӵġ΄ʶǸС㣬Ҳֱԣڿᡣ
ҽʲôҪת棿
ûʲôԷ
쵽ĵʱĳ˲Żصžһǻңֲýأ
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ǡ
˻ǰڽǹ˾˴ϻƵĬ
΄ûֱͬ˵иҪæһӺһ
ţҪˣ
ġҰͷ˼ǣԵȥסˡ
ʹ˭⣬߼΄磬ԣʲôпԣô֮ǰʲôԣ
Ϸܼ洫ģ߼΄Ʋܶǰֻͣ룬ͼƽڹȥҪǮİΪһͣһţ쿪㽫
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˼΄ͷʹ绰4S꣬Ҳ֪ͷӦͲȥˣɲɹԼȥӦɡ
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СʦãͬΪͩˡҲټԪģȴǰͶ˸ĥʱܶԳ֮ʣƾͺӡ
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˵ײֵܲа𷢵
һ⣬ܶ࣬ͳҲĥϳЩڹ˽Ľȥǰϰڿʲô
Ӧʣϲһ
ƣ˭
һѾ
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ߵ룬ڼ΄˵õĻſڡ
ŶӵˣſڵŸȻ˶ʱˣҪ¿ͻˡæӭ
ҪѾϸȫбעˣѡϵǾˡǻ͹Ŀ
೵Ӷôġ
ȻһΣȴĿǣѡкȥ￴
õģǵ
ŲߣǼҳӱõʵԼȱߴŽġ
λεĵƻŵŨҵţͻζбȹչ׻֡
üһûֵطˡ
Щ̾˼̻
ԼģмͥۻģģŶŽġ
ǰţһ˶װ
Ķ̷ĵ˸ˬ䡣
ߵ߼ǰĲ̵ϣһ뿴
ܶ䵥Ƕȥ䶨͹Ӹ̨ϴĸɸɾģԻʵ˵Һˡ
һ˵һֲԸĿɨɨ΄磬ɫƳ߼ϡ
ؿ߽ûж
¼΄ɣĮƿߡӳ˺ΨһļһǵϣϸϸĲм䣬׹ſСİױ顣
лҪ˵
ע1Сѡ


21 3.2
䣬΄绰㣬˵һԷ
ѵпգȻӦ˵͡
΄˵Լ
һʱ޻΄ʲôʱſھ˵˻ǿ
Ϊǵã˲ܳ
-
ʱ΄ͬѧBBQٵˣ˵ԭθۣţ⴮̫ˣθۡ
༸ƿţֶ̣ˣȥˡ
ʱЦŮĻ
-
ϣ΄ڴӦˣ˵ԼҲþûˣȥλãȻȥ㡣
ֱ·ϣ㶼һֱûڡΪ΄簴Ͱӣ˵ͷӦûˬԼ
ҲҪһԻе㻬ȥһθڡ
˵ʱʮؼݵˣǼʱ㲻ﳯۣǼ׷ˡ
׷΄ӦɫȰ˵Į
ĩִ֮һͨ绰㣬ֱ׾ܾûաԶûգ˵ġ
㰲ѡù׺ԼԵʳģƽݸ΄磬䡣߸ɴתʲôĳסһҪ˿ȵë֣ͽȥˮԣȴûӦ΄磬ҲԻġ˵
漴ֱߵĲƸ˼㣬˵ġ
ż΄棬ö֮߼㣬һ˫۾ĿɽŲĻںˣϧ޿ˣǱŷԼѾǽˡ
˾úȤظǣ漴Թ̸о֪һζģԭ̳Դĵطһٸ˵ģϵļǴְҵŮԹ߿ģAEԼѡУȿĸҽǿ
ͬѼϼܣƵûӲӦӲԤڡʵؽҲʵؿһۡ
üԶѿڶ㡣
ڼ΄ˣֻȥ߸㸶ˡ
ҡͷԼлԭ߿޷λĻͨڷ㣬ͲҪˡ
Ķ࣬ǻչĶڣûʵ㡣΄ûǿСãǾ˼٣Ҹ㲹
衣
衣
лл硣һԾڷСȸԾùڱ档
Сʱͺ΄ĻҲֻԼҸ磬ЩȥôŴغˣ
е㲻ǰұ߼ãʦڵذҺΪ˿ùģ
Ϊ˿ԼҸж˳жమģ
ȥɣ
߼㣬ˣ
΄練ܶβʳӡҲѹ֣ĳӣһƶֵܵ˼СһԢѹġ
ֱߵĹӶ߼΄磬˳ǰ˳ǰɣ
ֱʳ½˶ûôӡĲܳż߲˽ҲΪͼ΄˵˵ˡ
ûֻǰȥЩʳģģϤ©׸̳
عϵһֻѵģ
ݹԼëǳԣƵشۣνϰµʱ䣬һ£ӣףϵëǲ֪صˣȥˡ
ЦЦ©̡΄ڻͬµϢûעߣǿͷëǶζʱٳٲϳԡ
˿ӣơƣӵĹơƣֻʣ۹ζûгɿƵУ͵һƿ300ml߼˵ࡣźڣϺģλεس߼ҵľˡ
΄Ķһһȥƺ񣬶Էĳ磬Ƶŵȥӵ绰
ζ˲ϲεţյùģ̱ϵĳϵͳû̱Ķԣرʣ٣

ӣ٣
ı۵Ȼ࣬ԼĲ˶٣ҿ¹һֱԼ򳵣ܼļλԼȥԼȥĵط
ȻXʱʼղԼǮţܵһλľáð췿Ҳ쳵ΪӲ緿ӣǰʼġ
㲻ÿɷֻԼһԸκ˵̡
ǰнĲ֣Ҵ㣬ƾ߼΄ãƳٹ黹ʱ䡣
Σ
˵ţʲôΪҪǮ֮Ļоأæֹ㲻׼
׼ʲô˼Ӧô󣬲ЦЦش̺һҩ˵еգԭ밾ȥģˣƫƫյڵء
߼Ǳ۹ơƾ־ܹŵĵط΢΢һ̽ıӣʣµľƣǿҩ
Ҳۼȥˣ޺޵ؿǾƣҩ
ǾƣԼˮ

΄һͨ绰꣬ʹҴҪߵɫ˵м
Ǯת˼㣬Ҫæ򵥣ϸ˵ֻͩǵ·ϣ㿪
ӵĹ򣬼΄ˡߺ󣬼㲻ִˣ۹ζơƺܺúȣɴʣµİƿһߺһӵʼ㣬΄統ҽ
ûҪ
ˣʺλϡ㸸ףٱ߼΄硣
üۼ˼Եز£Ϊᵽס
㣬ϻ˵£ġ㸸׵屣֤
⻰Ըһۣգз򵥡
ˣվߡ
֪һĵ
ȥ׷һѿס˼ҵſڣþѣһͷֹYϢǰü£ҲǾ棬ҲҪ˼ֻΪ³ܣʱҲѿѿֻ㣡
쵰
ţˡߣǣĵز˵߼΄ľ֣һˣʲô˵һȥ۵ġ
㣺˭Ҫͣ
ĳ˻ڵٽһ󶼿ˣ۵ֻˡ
е
ĺȣ̣ڷգҲֻзղܽ͵ͨǰķо
Yȥݣ̳Ĺ۹ݣɵǣ죬žͿˡ
ĳ˷ְ߼㶪ȥԼȥ֡漴һȥ˵ȴϸʧصĸоԣ
վ߼ǰôܣ޵Ŀռǽǰ
ͥͶĸ⣬һ½ӹӰӲݵϣ
ûռ˵㡣


22 3.3
һ·ȥؿ⣬߼ʱ򣬺߷ˣ಻Ŀǣһ£Ҿͱ
ûۣǺˣû׼ˡ
һָڵݵĸӦϣأ·Ļַ·ûν²˵ģ㡣
޺޵ؿ
һ룬Ž̲ģ㱨ɣջûˣһʱᷴѲ˵ġĻû˵ȫĵİɣң
㱻òᣬ޳ܶ
Ȼ޳ܵˣYݺ󣬵Ҳˣɿ֡Ծֳһ֮ң°ͣܿ˰ɣ
䣬ֻؼҡ
ȣĵʡ
ĳ˲⣬Ҫȥأ㲻ͷȾˣ
һҪ
ȴ֣ͣȾƾǺȾˣƲԭ
⻰ܶ죬ͷЦһǵңһѵҵԭ򡣡
ʱ˵ǸŮ̥ᡣ
ŷԭء˵㣬Ǹԭˡ
վ棬ȫȻʧ
ΪۼǺԭġ
ҽ裺Լ
һ룬ֻèأèôˣ
ʻŤͷߡ
һ⣬
-
ˣ֮ûˡǴγߺ󣬼ҲûпˣXǼһҹͷһһô
èûˡ
ܸǣΪһʱĴŶԭ
Ǹٴˣǻðˣڼ㣬ϡΨĴ
һҹ紵üĶ͸ˣŵϣ治ɲĹˮ
ڵĵһͷΪҪѰģԶȥǸͷ
ټһǣ˵°ǷҲҪҵ
ȰһֻèѣҪˣ㡣
涣Ƕףҵȫˡ
粻ˣʱʮ꣬һıˣи΢ʱ첻һܣһϲ͸ҵġ
Һͩϵˡ
ڰϵϣͬĻһڻݲܾҲظ㣬ͨﵩ㣬㵿֪ġ
֪׮ЦҲ׮Сƣ˵׷صģһǸˮǰ¹⡣
Ѻһشϳ
ǰӵؿϵݣֱվ̳ſеһƳ̳ţȥһɲǣĺ󱳱һĺݺ˰ѡ
λϣԹϳţ˾
ʮǰͳʮǰȥˡ
һ˲˲ؿֹͣһ㣬Ϊֻ֪ҪһϢشͻ߲סˡ˵ЩʲôǺʲôסˣЩĽ
ؿҲһԲϾߵëһû䡣
ȥ·϶һֱ޻Ŀĵء߼סıŽϣƫҪ˾Ǽǽȥڲг·ȼ졣
ֱ͵ͥԺſڡ
ɲϸ˵Ҫ³ȥ˵ûкͼ΄縸ĸкˣȥʸá
ߵŶݣס˳Ȧס֣ƣʾһôǿЩµ
ܺã⻰ʮںơ
Ҳ㹻߼㡣
ǣķܲ˵ô˭أ￴ǿ˵أ
㣬ԸҿԸ㡣Ůϵϣǿ
ǰˣ˫һأĻǿһء
ʼվû˵ʵ
ģ޾ᣬ
Ĺӡ
µĻ㲻ˣ³ˤŶȥȥգ³ʺãʲôأ
صңļڿ̸飬š
ŵüĶԹ
㽻˵ͼ΄һԻġ
ͣҲϡ΄ʳˣãǶǣ
мƳ̳ͷĶ
Ѱ߹ȥ弰ѵٰ¥ȥ
λ̫̫ǵü㣬ͣڶˣҼǵʱǸż棬ҲǸӡ
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ȥˣԺ壬Ů岻ˡ
꣬ȨлͼμദЩꡣ

ʮļ¥ֻ漴ضԼˡ
һ˼빤ͰְֵĸԼ£ȼμγҲףܶ飬δؾǻ
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΄硢ǲһģƾһ˽ԸΪ˼ͥĸ
˵Щ飬ǿ
һ£ҲԼŮȥĵطġ
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˵һҪˣȼͻأҲþûЩˡ
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ղߵʱ򣬳̫̫ʼ˵ͼΪǿװڲʱô˵Ǽ潻ء̫̫ϲ飬Ưҳסӡ
վصƱ߿ͷ˵ʲôʹסˣæžܾô㻹һӲˣ
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ںͼμε£˵ʱǲŵġƴ룬ǼħǼ㡣
Ȼʵʤ۱硣
ĳͷӣȴȻѼߣƵ˵СļϵˣµҲ̫̫вͨСֻҪһܳɡ
ĵĻ˵ˣҲŮس衣
ȦĿõģҲԸչȦܼľʶҲȥӵ̿͡XǲҲԸȥǸ֡
ǡǡȥˣż˲Ϊ֪Ķʵ
᲻öֶŮ˵һػЩ꣬μλSУÿÿʺ򶼻ǸӣйȥXǣʱ䣬ҪԼֶŮԶٷĽ
ԭϽΪǴӲȱõĺӡ
ãֻˣ
һӶ׼顣
˵һ֣Ͱոժˣ㸸ͷļݣҶȥ
漴ֶεؽӼSǡ
ͷֱµеһ֮Եֳĵϣ˷ǵڶ ոĿ֪
һӻͷ¼ˡ
ĹԻֳȥԼ
ͷϣûеλ档
ˣ굽ĲֳŮǹǴȻҹȥˣֻҪ㲻ͷԷиϵˣҪչ
͵˼ǣ̫̫Լ
ֻһʵ۵ʲô˵Щ飬ȥ˾ͲҪᣬڡ
ڣ
䶪￫ëʱżȻһ׮¹ʡһֱãȥXǣЩҲûڳáźСʱͿѻıʼԲдԼСܣһο100֣һίԱһ֣һѧ⣺
ţ
ÿµףʵڼ
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ǶѾҪˣҪǣź󣬸Щۼ
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*
㣬˽ֻһ΢š
˯
ǲҪ˯ǹˣʱʼû
һֱ֮Ӹˡ̫̫ܳǺҳסǰֻˡ
ȻΪڵĲͷˣû˯
ҹģ˻ȻûԾ绰ڳٵˣ
û꣡
㣬ˡ
ǲʺϡѿڶҲʿɶֹκ˵屣֤ϡ
˭Ҫ˵
Ҫ˵ɴƹˤʶﲻͬĻҸʱ䣬еº˵˵꣬Ҳ徻ˡ
Һˡү潿εεúܣ˵ϴ裬Ҫģҷϳ˺Щӡ
ϷҲӡ
ͷǣʼ㣬ǲҲСʱˣ
˵º˵ȫȻûȥ
Ҫ꣬Ҫˣʲôϡ档
˵꣬㾶ֱҵ绰ˣҲˣ
徻ˣȻļСʱһֱȥ
ˣû˯š


23 3.4
ϰ˵һ̣ڵλ¥µı͡
ˣ׼ࡢûʱԡ
ô°ܲӡ¼ʲôĵĵطû⵽
ֻ˵ӣһϣû˯á
Ȼô˵˵ҹ绰˵ˣ
-
˸˹
¥ȥʱʦ֣Ҧʥʺ㣬ױݺܲ
㣺ҹˡ
ҦϷҪ㣬ҪԽҾҪ˵ˡ
ʦˣ˵ͼĪܴ
һݵʱ򣬼ʦ֣Ҫˡ
ʦ̸˼ѪƵģ֮Ƿһٷ
ҦʥѾˣǼ˵Ҫ͵ġ
ݵһ㣬ʦʲôʼ㣬ǸܼҶӵͼлԼ
ߣǹӸ׷
ӦûС
һ㣬㲻֪أбľ
ŵճһͬΪ߻Ļɴչ򱨣һлɹ㹻æϼա
ڿ쵥λгĹӦҪлƷ֣ͬ˵ԭõôƷֽ֣в¡
ɢ˻ᣬϵͳҹȥ罻׹ʻӦ̡
ʮ㲻һ¥Ӵ绰ΪķֻϻһԱ̨֣˰ѵ绰´ûˣ
һ̵ĹʻٵݵСˣǣһӼ˶һĻ
ټһİõ壬͵˼㹤λССǩա
˼㱻Ŀ嵥ϵõˣԣһʻһӦȻ˭͵ģǣʲôƷ֣
̹ˡ
õһǻڱȽϳģ߾ĻߣĲ
ǩպͬ°˭ôֱʣ121䡣
ʲô
Ҳסֻһ̼Ҵдģ֪ߡ
֪ߵ121䣬죬ܲˣĳ˴ӺϳŲûпսӵ绰ֱȥ
ཡ죬쵽ĴΣҪʱͷͨˣܲʣλ
㣺ЩŪߣǱఢ̶ˣ
Ȱҵĺ΢
ĵֽڣڼͬ໰ˡ
߼㣬ûġȻܳס졣ͷл̵ĻûУҵĺ΢࣬ɢ˵
ѻߡԣǱˣвİɣһô࡭
Ļû˵꣬ͷ͹ˡ
ͷҲðֱֻӶ̨ϣⱻãʮʱᣡ
緹ʱ䣬磬ϲ
ϲ
ҾúƯҲܳ㡣

ͷˣû˵ģʮ굽ʮ꣬ʮһ꣬ÿ겹ʮһ㡣121䡣
ʱҵĳ˵Ŷֻ121ģ㾹ȻûظңԹ԰Ѻģܺã˹߼㾹Ȼ졣
һֱϵأ
Ǿһֱȥ
׷Ůô޳ܵ
ǵһһβ
л˵
ܾĻҲ
뵱˵
ιˣ㶼ûҡ
㣬߼Ĵǣ˵Ļ
ԣҼҡ
*
ֻһܣ÷ˡ
ĿҶһҪ¹ȥ
סеƫ֪ƬܼҿķһԪٳ͸ġ
ⶰС¥ҲԼ뽨˾ɵġ
ǰԺӣǰԺƬƺԺһʼƬĵأסǰͷ˻ͷĳһƬũΪˣѣ˵߼ϱӿ϶Ǹũôء˵ֵĲݮƹʲôģͦóԡ
ѳӾͣſڣһİõ壬ȥ塣
ӵ绰Ӧˣȴλ
ƵԼ˿
ĳЦһܰѻԼҵȻҪ˭
ܡġ
ǰŽŽţһֻֻŰأͰټһõ廹ĳ˿ŵҲֻܱܵرס
һɫ˯˯㣬õ壬ϻŵʵϴԡ
첻ߵվţ͹۵ɵóϣõŸ
֪֪кܶԲϣһ˷ôʻûû˵ģ˼
ܶ˳ԲϷҲңֱһʻ˺Щڵϡ
߼㣬úҾңϸߵذЩƨҪϲ˵̵һˣ
еڣΪʲôҪӦ
Ƭ̵ͷӿͷߵģ뵽
ǣ˲Բ䣬Ŀbattleһ
Ȱ˵ˣ͵Ҫеġ
˵ţ
л˵վſ˵ӦҲӦ
⼸ΪĪӣûȥ˾칫˶Ϲͨ
ΪҽҲûȷˮֻ˼ţҲûκӵơΪ˵ǣǴʵһܣԲ߰ȫ
˸ģﲻݣشЬ㻻ʱ򣬡ҿأϵĵǲˮ
ϣһ˵ţ־ȥǰĿϣ״
˸߸ЬֱȥЩô˵ɲؿж۶ӡ
Ȼĳסˡֱֻȥû˼һҽ߸ĸĶûС
ҪĸģȥȥҽԺ
ιСʱˮһĹġǵһȥӭճˮһͷٶ̲ͷſڣ£Ŷ˵ʲôû
˵˵ƭġʮǻ߼̫ˣ̫ˣӡе߼۴Ǹӡ
ʮһټ̫ˣ⵽˼ֱ̥ǡ
һʱ֪˵黹顣һû䣬߼Զߵġ
СʱͲף
ڻǡ
һ浽ЬܣǿһɵȫЬֱи¼ܣճҪ·͸ϴûûüսȥװ
㿴õҵطڵϣϻиɡͲ泤̶̺üֱɡ
޿ռ֮࣬ŻĻǵġҶԶߵģͬӣ߼ԶᱻȾԣ㿴ڼ΄ϣ˻صѸеİȫϡ
ȥһ
ǽϣȫղصľƼֱӡ
żߣȥȥʽ˵žǿͣȵʲôĻҲµˣϹ޷˵Щ
ҪҪǴӦˣҾͲҪ׷ˡУ׷߼㣬ֲ߼΄磬ΪʲôҪϣţ
㱻öʱ
ʲôĴ͡
㲻Ӧ׼õĻһʱûˡ
˵ϤƢЩͼ΄ϸû೤ʱ䣬ͳ׮¹ʣܼ϶ǸУĳ̥ȫˣڳӵĸ̥ϿɲСĿ
ǸУһʦʦְȨ/һŮѧŮѧٱ޹߷ѧˣѧУͼ¹ڹȥ
ǸŮͬѧʶΪHȨʵƵر˸Уĳӡ
ֵãԪԳġ
һʱ˼ܻ𳵣ϴģɴ㿪ģܺȾƣȿȰɡ
˵ž׼忧ȣ˵ڼҴ죬ɰﻵˣиԷˡ
Ļǣ˵ˣñ޻˵
ÿҪǩ˵ļŵģ·ʲô֢֮ǩֵݳȥ궾Ÿҽӡ
Ҫˣϰ廹ϰŶ
²úܣ˵λǳԳȳúܡ
ʶû׼ʧɢĽá
øһӣˣ˭ϰ嶼ϱ
Ȼ뵱ĲǺϰ塣ѧ̵ͬʱ˿˭ã
Ȼһֵĺû
ݵţ쵹ŨĿ
鵽ǰʱɫĿȱԲһ渡һ̰װġ


24 3.5
ûдЬӣվԼҳשϣֳֻڵ̨ıԵļ㣬
ЦҴݣϡ˵ʲô˿͹ˣ
Ⱥȿд
-
߼վڵ̨һ棬ĿȺͻ䴦
ĳ˾ڣ׼ͣⶳţţǵ£һּ//Ȯı鶢ң

ģҲҲҰôЦһ㣬˵սʱӣױ˿˸Ů
߼΄Ƕ;ˣܶ˳Щʲô߼΄û׼˽
ҪǼ΄֪ĳ£Ҵ绰΄磬᲻ţ߸ɴ౼
Ҳãһû
˵ͼֻþͷż㣬
ֻʲôңɾŲ
˼Ҫֻ
ȥ󣬼ŷһƬԼġ
ʱռһ˲ʱѲΡ
ֻ̰ȴô

ʲôҪѵҺͲнˣͲ̽һˣ΄״ȻĳٵҲ߼΄磬⡣
ֵ˽ģŲᡣ
ֻȰģ˵յˣ漴̸ζ󣿡
һڰlookͨװһֻɫѩĳڷ֮ϣһֻǸղֻʱסֱ
ʶҪȥڣ߱ܵһϵĻź漴ƹȥ̨ǰֱ߾ǿȣҪ
Ҳûü߼Ǳһȡ
Թ󣬾ֱժıӣֵˮͷ䴦ݵˮעڼֱϣǼ̣Ҳǳһӡӡ
ͷ͵ص͵͵ģܽʲôѽ
Ϊ㽻ѣ
ǲ⣬ٷЦιòһûУ
ֽ֣֣ҲûҪֽɴ㿫
ĳȡЦĻڼ˵Ҳѹ֣߼һǸӣ˳УÿͩǣʱиСżִ
ͷˡһһµĹȥܿβ裬ԽԽˡ
ѧУһֻԴ˽ввѧŮŮí㾢װԼӡ߼ѧӲ˽ǣҪϴһ·
лڽҵ˻УſڵʱǸСſڳϸ˵ʲôϲһSǩʱ䣬Сʼȥ
ҡͷ˵ҪˡϲС˵Ҫȥ
СģļҪس˲ϡ
һѾӣкǸСأſ
ҳأ˹û˹ܰ
ǸСˣ񻹲˼ҵӰӾǼ㲻İȻҴȣ
ԺҲûǸСҲڴ߼ĸ糬׵ģ
ԺĽ죬磬ʼ㣬ŻĻǻ᲻ĳ
ᡣǲ׮ˡ
ô˵˵ļܲڱҲ㽻ζûб˼㣬ȥ׷㶼ô
㣬æžܾҡƾҺʶꡣ͵һʱɣֶܼãҲ׷׷žûˣʱ˻ѵİȫҲ١
˵⻰ʱƽЦһ̣Ҫɢġ
ǰʲô·Ը
˵İҲͼ֮һֱııȥ
-
˸ûãͳŮѷˣҪȥ飬ĸĸûмƻŮȥ
΄˵Ϊ޵۾ˣĲ̣Ҫһȥֲϡ
˳󣬸Ĳһ֮£˷֡ǾûҲɣ˵Ҳ޷Զǽ֮ϵģ˴˶ҪԷңȻûκˡ
ʱ߼ҵķϣ˵ܼҵĶӣ۱Ȼǳƽģ˼
ҲʱһҹˣŶԭ˵Ҳвпϵʱ򡣶ܼˡ
ĩĳӻϰ·ϣų̣Ϲѵúܣһ·ûôͼ˵ѧУſڷʱʼ㣬Ǹ˻ǻˣ
㣺СڵС֮䡣
ţ
Сں˴ڻˡʽѧ
ɣӡ
-
ıܺùı
飬ѡһĻѡǰߡ
ǰ߶ԼˣȽϿ͹ʵ
ϵʱָߵ㣬ûȥˣҲ뵢
ϲʲô
ɫҲãʱӳٵ˾Ҳգ㶼ܽܡðжѧ෴ʵͣջճ䡣
ȻЩǴǰڣܺõ
û󣬵ǡ
ķеݵģֱͨĳ⡣Ļ˵˰أƮĽŲˣǰǸˡ
뿪Ϊϱһڼңϱģùýġ
Ϊϲס߶ĸһйͨС촫ݡ
СĽǶȿϱڳͲţһֳֻڵ̨ߣһŮĶͷ
Ůʶ
Ҫģ޳
ΪСһģУŷС㡣
С޲õʹȥôôɣ
ϱ㲻ڼҸ
һŵ˵ĽŲ߽ǣǿ˷뿪죬ٿŷãٶ˪ľ䡣
С֪군ˣ
ڣ⻰֪ǳ˭ʵġ
С̶ٺùýġŷС㣬ܲϣһʱܲסŮ˵ǹ
Ҫ˵СʱˮˣҪģȥʲôˣȲҪ
ߣҵĳԿҲҶ£İʩֻҵԼĳӲôͨĽҲǾҵܼҵȷϲŷнģ뿪죬첻Ҫϰˡ
ҡСίףֱˡ
չĸϱɡŮǣ첻ˣһȥԷˡ
ԭȽԭ·ۻء
ߣ˸ų
㡭

㣡
Ҳûᣬصش뻻Ьӣ߸ЬŴһֻһֹֻȥϣϻ㡣
ҡ
㣬ˡһһ͵͵Ŀǡ
ҵЬӻҡƽ
Ҫ͡
ҵЬӻҡǵΡ
һԴˡ
ǹŽڼҵģ߼һֻȻϸ߸ЬˣǲϰЬӻӼ˻ҧأ΢΢ֻ̧ЬĽţϸϸĸ߸ʩزĽϣǾҲ˵һûûƤû
ûƤûҲķǺã˻벻¡Ӹߵֱֱ䵽۾
Ұջʾĸ߸Ь
ϰЬӻôɴֻ࣬ҲҪˣҲ͸
㴩ҵЬĮǣתأһزڸղűڵϵİõϡ
һշתãҲûбԭȵõȥ


25 3.6
ŷǸճˡʱͷȲʶġ
Ĭĳ˹ϵòǷ
ŷҲһֱףļͥܲʲôԲġ
һ㣬֪֮
Ȼĳһҹصͷŷòε绰Ҫ绰侲ظŷǽɡ
ûɣǲˡ
ŷöһô
ô˵ҵ˼Ǳô˵Լ
죬ŷҲ⡣
Ļ⣬ʵŮܴ󷽣ڲ࣬ǰΣԷҲʲôŷԭǺþۺɢ
֮ҲĮ罻ģ˵һ˽֡
׷һŮӻټ㹻Ϊһ׮š
ɣ
Ҳܽӵ
ŷ̹ԣϲֶһˣô죿
-
ⶳ״̬³˵ҵĿˣ㲻Ļԡ
⻰̫ˡ
ŷΪղǸŮ
ûʲô˵ģǣ¥£żȻط
ʮһ
̨ϣ߼Ǳȣֻʣһڣ͸ˣʰӵʱ򣬺⣬ԹԵȥһڣٶϴ

ǡ
¹⣿
̧ͷһŷǾʣҲеߡ
ûСʱʵܿɰеС
ǰڣѲдϣȻȴʲôסһС
ԸôҲԡ
ô˵أС߼㡣Ӧ¡
ɵĿ֣ŷóԲѷ
ŷһֻգúҲû֣ҵ¡
Խˡ
ŷȻûţţҳеĽǣŮ˵ֱδԸ
˵ԸָŷޢָĿڡ
*
СĳԿ׺ܾ¥Žȫˡ
Ҵȥ
ΪŷСϱס
Щص㡣صǣϱԼᣬǸɡŮ
С캰ԩûŷС˦ѽûңǸɡŮҰ
ϱС㣬߼㡣ǴɡŮ
С죺ãС㣬ھͺɩӣ˰գ
ȥ˷
磬磬ϱ磬ҴˣҲˡС칫ң˵ǸŷС㣬̫ˣˣ̫ˣͷβûǷˡ
úĥƤӣ¾£ˣֻҪġ
ͷһǹҵߣú÷ʡȥա
ûʱȥЩ磬һܣ˾ɽảһ£ͷ̸ĿҪ
ĿᣬԪ
ɢͷ϶칫˻ᡣ
ԭܶλãƸԪʱǵúܶǰ̲裬ʹˣ˽ֻնԼ
Ԫʺƣˣǰϴټʱһ㣬ﻹޱӵġ
ڰǰ̣ϰ߸Щ˵ʣ㣬ţԪʮʱõ˼ҹ졣
翴ͷЩϷˡ
칫ֻ˵¡
۵ģ¸Ե³̸
ͷ˵Ԫ㲦϶ͷƻͷĿ꣬걾Ƶͬѧ
³һ̣Ӽ䣬ε̵ĺ档
֪΄ǵжִ벻ġ
ϡκ˱ǰ̣ˣܵӹǸϯ
ݵһնͷ⣬ǳ˿ھ͸ˣʱ𻰺ܻ棺ŶΪдġ
΢΢һͷײԵȻУСģӶˣ
϶һѣвԼ¡
ټͷҵƢģǰͷȥԽңԽ⡣
ԪŭЦƢӡ
һ㣬ˡ⻹ûôأȻôˡ
϶Ѭһӵ̣ʼҲûҪˣѾͷĹŮȫȻһһ˫Ů裬ֶŮеӢӵĹǸŮ벻άѡ
˵Щ궼ûӻôôˣǿϽӻˡΪ״İɣ
㵽Ϊֹ
ҲغͿ͡
Ԫһ仰ʲôһֱû룬ΪЩۡ߼áЩXǵ׹ôҲûóۡ
ͷһ׮ľǸ衣
ǵġͷ˵öԣЩ߼ҶûӻôȫȻˣȴӻˡ
*
߼ͻ˺ЩѣżԵʡ
ֵһˣ˳ŰĹѶˣŸ΄ɫŮѡ
΄ѹϻ
绰ʹһ־æ
̫̫ˣΰȼһ꣬òº
̫ºˣڼߵǲһ·ˡ
Ϊʲôô˵أãٺº͵һܱô϶һߵļ̫ܶɲˣ
ȻΰԼӡܺá
Ϊ˵˵Ǽtag.
ᣬ˳ӡ
Ͷһɫưɣӽǵǩ
˻ȥдˣΰġ
˽Ŀ㲻ϲģȻֱ
Ժʷһɡ£΢紵¶ȣ㱻Ŵ˼ȹӣСsizeЩе͸Ľ
ű˴˵ĹȤãһźڽƬˡ
տĻϵĸƣ̫ɲõر紵ܡ
ΰԼһȥֻᣬ˵ǸټSݡ
Թ̫æίܾʱأһֻصαϡ
ͷʱ紵ͷҲΪص⣬ҫüۡ
һװϵһ˿ǹֵĵ˺ִڼαϣͷͿۣǶ㻨ġ
ÿڷٴһСûᵽϵˮҲˮζ
һЬ̸ԲϣǵĲ豭
˵Ьӵġΰ棬ԭȵ˫Ƥеݳˣˣǰ˫µģУҵЬң
ΰʶܿ͵кĳ˲ΪȻûӦ罻ֻ֣ﵭһᡣ
漴뿪ˣһ߼ҿߣ⣬ҲĿǣôϡͰӡ
ţ֪㡣
й
й
΄粻ڡ
ֵ֪ġ
ֱʰ׶ϣȷʵݷģҲ͸΄绰ġ
ȥͻȺµļһֱȺ㹻ĵǶԡƥ䡣
棬ΰʼûпһȥֻᡣ
ҡͷѾҪдˣϲԲǸˣȷʵֻᡣ
*
߸̸Լʮӣʱ򣬼ѾԺˡ
Ǹ۵Ҳûڡ
ɨɨߣֻԺſڵļи˾ͻǩС㡣
ΪԼһǼġǩգͻԱ֪ĸľװ䣬ȫƷİװ
ĻҪ⣬ҪСաȷȱ
ĸľ䣬ȫǸɫӡյƿ
㷭һզúܣ˵ӵĲ;ߣһжǧġ
ͷ¥ֲ¥£ؿһۡپĬȥԺſڣվſڵ̨ϣַľդһһֵҲĮ˻ȥա


26 3.7
ĸXǵ⣬Ǿϵģ
ĸŮͬ·ĥϵС
-
С꣬ĲˣһͨԺǼ׷ġ
˳ĽˣеһӵʱԼҲʱϾޣӵ˰˸̥ͣˣ
ʱܲãͣһʱĹ
翵ĸʵʵĲΣͣ˾õĿֻо˲Ŷ
ûãͻˣҪȥϰ࣬ΪãϲľŰĶŵߴ
ͼ˵ιȥڵľΪһ˶ͣԼĽŲ
ʼûӵһӵʹ߳ʼվĶΪĹʧûģٻˣȻµǸŮ
Ůǣˣʧȥ˾ʧȥˣүƭƭңˡ
ԭϣǸϸĸס
ܲ˺ӵĿޣܲЩʺܲɷȫںϡ
һη㣬ҲǱŵˡ
ΪʪΣͶ꣬·滻ˣһļͺͺվˣʱģû뵽޾ӰԼխ͡
ܣʲôίҪΪѺӣġ
ǰļ㣬СС;ͺܻῴɫ費ģ
ÿĵ¾ǰְֻؼҡ
-
ǰXǵĵһܣβͼ࣬ʱ㲻ʮ꣬նδ
ûڣûλԼӡ
˵ʺϻҲʺĸס
ʱüԼѡ㲻˼ض㵽˰ְֵĻһ̼·𰤾һ衣
ʱ꣬ŮǸ˵´ʱ˿̣սսһĸס
Ȼؽ˻úܺáȥܶطʶ˺ܶˣÿ˴ӵʱԼΪĸǰ
Ϊ˸õذټ㣬ǰ󿴹׷ӣסһֻ޲ʽԢ
ͼ˽ѧУһ»һΣҲԵʱ乤Լ罻
ڴ绰㣬ǵĶǺܺãʵҲˣܺã˵ĺá
һ裬ܺõذԢϸ΢СĵرԴ
Ԣʱ˹̸µġɵģҹɶԵġ룬ڷ￴飬ż٣Щʱ㣬üҵһʱڿ١
治ϣԭ˵Ǹѵļҳҵĺѧұ٣ΪȤΪ˸չʾ͡
Ҳϱһ
ܳʱ㶼Ϊĸ׵ѡ
ֱǺ»飬ָȷʵŽָ
֪֮٣мΪϲתƵ㽭Щ꣬ѾǴѧҵʱˡ
һϳ㳯ĺ͵ĴǣҲǣĸ׵ѡ
ڶԴ֮֮
ΪԵʣ˳õʵϰڵĵһoffer.
ȴûилľ棬غ̸ʺҲʺĸס
֪ٻˣڱ˭⣬벻ˡ
ؿ
Ϊʲôôң
޻
ÿһνڼ㿴ǹ棬Ȼĳһξƾ֮ͼȥ̹ԣҺϰԶûô̸
㿴ĵػɫĬ֪
ҪĶǲʡԵģ
ԶԾΡ
ܲпǣĶԽ䣬õǴ
ֻҪָǴָ
ǰһ漴ѿĸ״νָ
˵߼ǸĺӣĸͬӼŮͬڵöࡣ
֪ˣͲ
˵һԸĸܲãһô˽ǰӣһô˽غŮ޳
㣬ҾֻΪԼʹ㣬㡣
ҲǴǴ
ĳĮػӦԼ¡
УԶûʸҸס
-
֣һֱȥԣ·һֱ֪ͽֻԲԲ
һʶ˱ʷ֣ûкˡ
޵Ӧ꣬׵ɫ޷谮
Ȼʱ䣬˵˷ʱӣȥ
˵ӷ־Ӻܶˣû飬Ҳ顣
޼ЩûˣȫЯ˵̫̫ܺƽ˱˴˲Է
ӵϼ޸ԭҲǸΪĻΪ֡Эͦ˼̳йأûκβǣΪٺȫԸ⻤Ҳˡ
ǶʱڿһӾ磬ŮSˣǶʱȷʵϲԱΪ˲Ŵϯνذ׷ǡ
ŮһʲġֱԲظ߼㣬ԷŮǵĽ
ʱĲпᡣ
ڶξǴΣȥ֮ǰڿڣĲǰգȥˣͬĹȦӡ
Ϣ
ĵһˣҲһ
ҲҪģŹա
קСаϼ㵽ߣô֪Ҫʲôأ
Ҫǰ͹ˡ
˵ͻϲìܵ߼㣬侲ʳţʱϣҶһ㣬Ǵļžģʱϣ侲һ㣬ᵶ
*
µ񣬼㿴ĸľװ䣬ľ顣
ϡڵ룬ԢЩŲԢûùһ
ûнһҲлŹȻվģרġ
Щ㶼ҪҪǣΪоġ
㲻ɫҪͻԱϣ˻ȥա
һ뻹ķΧһ뼴Ǹģ
ûûˣˬӵˣпڻ
һμ㷸ڻ˶ŵƵһ֣Ҳһá
ֱߣͣ룬ҲĿۣݣȥǵƤӰ
һ̨ף˳һǴɿȱĿȥĸӣҲ㹻ݳޡ
ͷȷʲôȡ֤
һ˶ûüڣˣϼ̣ղŵݵġ£һɷŵ߽ڣݲ̣кȥֶһӲˣôôȥ
ͷ˷ѣǲϡ
ڼЦŲɿŭЩ߼վĿҸ롣
ˣȻԺֻˡ
ŹȥСյĴˣһӰصһ𣬻һʵ߼㡣
ȻΪһЩ۵ɱλǻ裬һʵ
󽣡
*
/ǻľƾ֣ܼ϶Ҫ־ͬϵƽԽ֣˵߼΄ˣԶȲ㡣
ӡǡ
ƽԽӽܲӣƵˮȿɻˡ
Ȱ֪ȰסֻʶӣΪʲô
˵˵أ˵ֵܿĿģ
ӣȥģ
ץһѱͶƽԽȥ
ӺС죬һ޶סСĲͨľָʹٷԸ£ٸĶذˣĹ̥ȥˣ𣿡


27 3.8
⼸ЪڽɽׯƵΪסεŮ
Ԫǹʽܼ־ڱصͩҽԺǨַǿƤܱߵķס
ҼŮӭϣԪԵԲصص治ƫеظ׹ƣ泪ò
ܶļǸϮܣƷ໹
ܶȶ¹ڳ̬ȣ⻰Ҿ͵佱ˣͷǰء
Ҳˣֵһγüۣ˵Ҳϴ˼䣬붼ܵҲܵþǳɼҵˡ
ȣС۵㡣
ֻԡ޷
ǣҿһ̴⻰ҴǰҲǸ˵˵϶ϴԸЩҲδȻݸã϶ФʱԪ
ǲҲ̡ܶϵ壬ⶫ׶á
˵ϰաʱ֮䣬ָƷƷⶫ̰ܿҲаԣȴۡ
ӰԵģǱ˴˵֡
νռŮ˵˻úܣҵŮָ󸻴ֻүܶ༸֣޾աʹ֣ƽƽ㹻ˡ
ɱˣعֻͥǼ򵥵ĸס¸ĸģεģҲκһ¶֮顣
ûвһŮĸ׵ֻǵӦΣףԱоơ
ȥǰҲ϶ǸˣûͿ
˼ãСӣúøɡ
*
ӭʱ֣ƻ䣬Сϱ绰Ҫлظˡ

Сͷе֧ᣬ㲻Ļ˵
Ӱϲ̲ɫһûС죬ҪŲµˣҪ˵
һʱ˿ܶλÿˣϯ

ɽׯԺĿҪˣɡȲ裬ٺϸ񲻹Ĺ˾򣬸žʵϢ
СĻ׷ˣ
ԷСĸ׵ľʶĳĸǰϰ壬ĸС߰ꡣ
һ߸ɥ
⣬һͣԷҲͣ˵ȥ
СʮĸȥXǣļǺѿݵＰ֪ȴͳһĸŮϵһ㣬˴˶Ǹӡ
СһֱϼѧУѧͻ빤״̬ˣĸҲʮʱٻˣɷǸɥżĴѧʦûͷĶ
ĸŮࡣ
ɲĻ˵ֻǣǣСĸ׾ʶλȷʵйϵмң¾ĵ٩˵Сĳġ
ʲôյȼʵ鲻Ȼ˳ʲôˡ߼Ҿ˾ӣǣ߼΄ͷһ
߼΄һɬ£ʡ
¶ûͷ
һ
˽̽ʵ
ָ̲֪ǵͷˣǷ綯Ȼһ̻ϣãŲɫصˡ
ĳ˵ı̵٣µһ֧ûĿĲ棬ҪԷϷ£Լῴ
ֻһ㣬侲ʣĺĸûйϵ
ԷҡͷûУɲĻǲ˵ǹء
˿ڴ϶ҧẉ̂ӹͥԺһɻ꣬䵽ɡϣǵֽϣ糺Ļϸһֻϡ
ͷβǵطȻֻʼûȥǿҪͷˣȥָһֻص㡣
ô򵥵ĵ
һ룬СͿ͡
ͷ˻ûȥ¶ͷв֮ˡ
Զͱ˵Ի˵϶ĹһϢϢ򶼲ĸԼ
ԵϲƾӵĻëʲôʱܸĸģ
ֵͶ͸鵽ˣЩ棬Ҳϴ˴˶û֡
϶Ƚʮ߰ǻ˲ˣܰˣʲôܵأ
СɫҪ˳ȥԼԭλкֳȲ衣
̫ˣͷ񡣡
йҪˣְġ
ΪȻǵϷ˸棬ԹԵظϴ̡
ֵһ֧ռһߣ϶ͷչΣ
һ̣Ƴ漴ҡͷô
죬ȥݷ꣬ڰͷ
ǸĿǶãˣԪžʹͨʯΣ϶Ҳܹؽˡ˺ͿɲͿүԸ϶ݻء
۶ǲһ
ƤЦⲻЦɨȥζͷһһˮƽģЩˡǻ̹Ȩҿ͸ˣͷһ٣Щôģ㲻û
΢΢ǰ̽̽ӣûж̻ҸְǵϣճһôĶŵ˽ζҵĺø磬ҼЩʲôҲҸõõ
룬˵ɢӣһӵصαϣڼһûıһ£Լһݾء˵ɩջعˣСҲæûʱ裬á
𱻽һһӣֻһѱĸΪûп÷ᣬȻʵĻעǸڼļǿϷͷ
ֲˣʵʰˣʹϿģҲԼ̰
ϵһվǸö٣ͬҪʧ١
úϴ£ӦõģҲʧʧġ
ϲأ
ʱԼҲ˵ס
ֱ۾һ̣˭˲һͿˣ
*
պ󣬼һõĻϢڸ
Ƿͦõġ
ȥ4Sһ󣬳ҪԼȥѡƵǼ
4SĳͣҲ㹻ļվա
ڸϣ˲ִظָ·һ·ڡ㰴ס㲻˵Ƕĵ
ǵģ𿴼С꣬ĳȼȶˡ
ûȫִվĹ򣬼ֻ绰Ļϵ֣عҶˣӦɣﲻԴ绰
·ʱ򣬼Ҫˣ4S긺ƷԱڳ·ϵ绰һΡ
ڶ绰ֻԵʣŵģе绰һۿˡ
ģû⣬ֻʼ㣬
û˵
ϵļҲ˵ֱͨˣͷ˵˾ʲôֻǸڸʲôҪȥ
û˵͹Ҷˡ
֮һ·ûô˵
쵽ˣûţִڷĹԱڷƵ̽ͷȥŶӳ
ͣҲΪ㹻ˣſȡ
ϵļ䲻֪
ϲÿɷʵ˵Ѿ֪ˡң͸óʵġ
Щ̣ܿ첦ƼݣҺеˣʵ׵ģСʱʹ㲻һ
ﲻһ˵ס
֮˵ԵΪҫǣЩƺܽȴһꣻ
ЩԶʵһ֮ң
Ե߲ŻԸ
ż㣬ô˵ɰְ֡Ҳ˵ͨҲա
Ҽˣʱһ㲻ͼЩ
ͬСգı׼һʥҲ޽ġ
޽Ľ⡣
Ǹѵߣʼղȫվ׺ֳܶ飬ȫȻ侲͹ֻû֣⻰ͷͬǿܶ¹ʷңΪǼϸ񣬽Ϊä̫ࡣ

Ȼʵ֤ȷʵˣǣиˡ
Ǹ˴ͷβֻǸºҲĸ֤˫˵ĿҸжˡ
ؼûȥμһֱû뿪ǣ󲻹߶С㣬ƾԣʮ䡣
ǣûҩԡ
μΣ˵Ự
Ļû˵꣬ߵһȥ˵ܲٲܲٵ
վͷûиֻǲͷߵųһһǿҡ
סˣʼ޶ԡ
³û˵Ĵͽ̡
ȴʲôûУ־ֱ˳Y³
ֱܴǰǳĶȻעĿ
״Ҳ³ȳ췢ʲô裡
Һ¡Yż˳˾Ҫߣ/Ʊļơ
ţҪˣ浱߼ûǰɣ
ĳ˻صĻǲ񣬡ûˣ
ҳͷȥˣܷߣ˵׺񲻵ȥ
ºҲĶʲô壡
˵ͷˣ߼һһظĻ۾ˣ
Ȼһˣ
߼㣬֪ҾͲù㣬߶ˡ


28 3.9
ʱй켣ĻôҲлȵģǸպϵԲ
Բˣģ
-
ͬ£ļͩǵŪ·ˣĻȿһ⣬һ¡
ڳ⣬ڳڣ
תƣҵ
ĬĻǵģҲ߶ˣõĽ֡
Զǵȥܼң¥Ķϣһž黨ߣ꿡ι˻һֱɢԵˣƢ˵ǿ˵Ǻޱ߽С
¶ߵ죬ԼȻڵĻȴʮıԼ¡
һţİ࣬Լ㣬˵һ飬߼㣬㿴ң
˳ˣߣԤһһظ̬ʱһђYߡ
һжڳͬĳӣ֡ûκιϵҲΪʲôˣΪʲô˿Ұħĵز
ķһѵĻľǽŤŤǧٿףͲһվᵹ
κ˶ݻΨԣ
YͬYһ˽еƷײײߡ㼸ƷǼµĻǳ//壬Ȼκνԣ
ſң㵽Ҫô㽻κΣǣǹʳܣǸһˣ˰գ
Ҳ⣡ͷأԹֱǰ
ĳڳ·ߵšС쿪ĳŵҲϱˣֻǳһȺˡ
ϱλС㣬ɱڵӣ·һܰŪ
С㱻ϱǣţƵúܣϱԡ˵ʵСһοϱôضԸһŮˡ
ѼԼҲز֣Ҳֻ֮Į֪С쿪ȥĵط
ᣬ֪Լڸʲô
ܱյ˽˿ռˣζҲǷѣ֪Ҳѧģججıˡ
һ·δ֪ķȥͻȻϢԼƣҲǲ
ãûбǰˡεĵվǶˣҽŨ˴˿Ҳˣ
*
ܼҵӣʱͱԪϥˡ
ԡƣνЩ罻Уû϶治תġ
󣬸ھƾϻ/ǻѰС档Ȼ˵øǸͷβˣڰ֮仹лҡ
ڸĸĻԪ׿ڳϹĸ׻ᾭӪϲСְСϵŮˡ
Ҫ˵Ԫȥ֮⣬ûԵŮˣȥĸױȫǻġ
ǰػģЩϸ£ϸµεΣԪһ춼벻ͷ˵ҷ·תˣֻ֪Ļ
ССŮӣúܡ
ЩŮˣԪԣɫζѡ
ɫڣζᵭ
ؼʱԪôĳҲⳡˡ
չֻǻڹƤ˳УﻨУȢؼ˼ҵĽﻨ޼
ˣ
֮µĻ档
˻Զ׽͸Ůˣǿȴһһ׼Ϊͬࡣ
֮ϵĲٿظУ仰˵ЩϷĿȾʣµġ
ֻһ˵ޱߵܶû뵽һĳŮ˵ͬʱҲԸ˼㡣
һԶúЩմϱߵС
*
ǰ΄иܶģҷӡ
£ֳŵˡӣܼҵĵزCBDͼ˫¥Ƶ깫ԢԵҲǸ߶û
ŽϸҵܼͥȫŽԿסӹЩ漴תݵϡ¥ĮѧĮ
˴˻ò
24¥ץżԿ׿һάǸŷңӳľ׷µǽȹ
Ƭϡ
˵׷øһѵģԷǸʦƷɺһֱûסˣ͸ա
סȥﶼ㡣Ҳġ
ţŵʱűĶ
ͷη޾ɫһֻΪЩôҿˣҲܾ㡣
ĳվص£Ƥݣƺеȣɾϵʼվſڣһ룬վԲѷˣ㣬ܾңȴûоܾǸˡ
ںֻҲ㵱ϲǸģ
һİ˵ǵνˣ
ûУʶ
ûô
ĳɳں޹ϵ
ôΪʲô˵䵽ǰˣϢڼü֮ϡ
Լ¡
ǲ׼Ļû˵꣬ŭȵеŮ˶ԷĺͿΨ߼㲻׼˵ţһס°̧ͣͷ㣬˵׼
һϢ䣬ۣ޷Ƶá
Ҳ޷ţЩʱ䣬ģǸˡ
ûУ΄ûС
ҪΪʲô
Ϊʲô㣬Ҫ׿˵ΪʲôСʱôִļŪˣ
Ϣǲذë棬޶ԣ޴ӽ
ΪʲôҲ֪Ϊʲôһ߹֪Ϊʲô׳Լ
ļĬʵһֱڵһڣ»ĵҰű壬
վвˡ
-
Ϊֻèֻʮ꣬ȡжè
ΪЩʼղ̫׽ĺãǲѵΣ
Ϊĳηѧǰײһˡ
Ϊһ٣ǰԺ֪ģ
Ϊڵĳ֣ʱ
ΪΪ˷
Ϊѻʱ衭
治ͬ⣬ȥĹԢΪһֱϲèʱѾˣǶʱ治Ǹлſţ˳ȥ
ʼ㣬ô£
һֻè
վʧˣؿ߼㣬Щ꣬Ȳһֻè
ӦҲŲֻǵһף
Ϊ㸸ֺõȥ
ǸŮȫһɫг
ڿʼ㣬ʲôϵ
ҡͷûйϵ
ûйϵһǧΪĻ
ûйϵΪ㣬ϰ
¡޹ء
һ룬޶ִ˼㣬泤ˣȻʼŪˡ
㶨Ŀ裬عȫΪڣǳڶԼĹġ
ɱֿ̾Ц
꣬׵ĵϣڵĳֻ˳ȥͩǣҲֻ˵ҽ¼һʱл㼾ȥġ
ܿ죬Ҳ뿪ˡ
Щ꣬Ǩ㣬˴˵罻Ȧǲ˭
ȻԺȴΪ˷ԼŮ
˵ŲǼ㣬ҵļǸкˡ
㰤һƣϼ׵ϸߣᣬŤͷȥҪҶ磬
ȥǰ˼㣬й׵һ׮£
̶̼䣬ĸŮֹ
ҲѰҶһҹ󣬲ˣյ˼죬ѹʱȻҽԺǴθշķףסԺ˰¡
Ҳ¡
ҽԺǻֻè㣬Ҫһģһȥȥ㡣
һǲһ
ʮǰģҲʮǰġ
˭ı䲻ʵ
-
㿴ſڣȴʼѶԡ
ʲôɣԣѴǰǸִ߼Ūˣ
ֻҪ͹ˡ
ԣ͵ˣ
ûȵ㿪ڣСſšΪֻһֱ죬߼΄ģСֲ߼Ҹ磬ƨƨ
Сӹֻһٺţż棬Ӧ΄ĻԷ˵ʲôĻǣǺһ𣬵ǰ߼΄ҵõ˵

ٷϻǲã߼΄磬ѵɣôסֻèҸֱ˵軹֪ϣԸǸ

ô룬Ƿˣ㷭գ
/ƴһ֮˵绰ֻߵǰȻǸղʲôˣĻͷˣ
޹û취
ͽᣬʲôӣײ
ʼղϹѵìܵ߼ټˡ𰸱Ҫˡ
ֱ˿˿գһ˲䣬·һֻϵֻ߼΄磬˵ؿڲԣ㣬Ұգòã


29 4.1
߼΄ʽͬѧСѧ꼶Ҳʮˡ
˵ģꡣ
ֵУֵҲ٣߼΄ζͶֵܸУҴĵϿɵľ߼΄һ
΄Ǹ׾֪ԼҪʲôˣΪҲǡ
ֻ΄̹ľӣܶǸƦӡ
عʽ䶨¼Һ󣬼΄һûҹΪ˼㣬ҽˡ
һӰŵӰʱ㣬Ƭˣΰ»ǵġ޼
ԼûдЬϰߣɳϣ˫Ժ󣬱߼ϣһȡһƣԼȵģӰ״֮࣬ѣʲô
߼΄Ҳĵɴ࿪ֻͲɳˣơ
ܳ߼΄ǹҹˣҿӰأʲôƣ
ӰܻɬسĹҲǻҰģͶӫ֮Ķϣ
΄ʶӣҼ㣬
ǻԪΪ£ͿЦ˵Ҫͼ޸϶ҲΪػغɰְ֡
ϷչǶϷǰȥ¼³ȥǱ߹Ѳӣ˺ƽԼ˷
ﰵظ˵࣬ͷҲ΄¡ΪľֵܼˣļԪȷʵҽס
ͼ΄ˣ֪ҵģϡŮ˻߼΄á˻룬ЩֵܣΪ˶Ů׼֣
˵ͷܼ浽ǸҾȢʮŮҲȲ
ƪ²̸ˣ΄ʶӣôΣô£
΄Ȼ̸̸ãһֻѧʣͿǰŻ͸׳ɽǢ̸һĿżʹ绰磬˵Ѽˡ
Ҫü£߼ҵŮô˵գ
ɳЦأۻأһǶԵӰǶԼ΄Ļ
߼΄磬˵ɵɣҪ˵ģͼãᵽһȥˣùһ峵ꤣ
΄ν˵һ飬㲻ʺ㣡
ӰŵݵĻƾ˾ںͳʽͷ;У衵ΧˣΪ˱ʵԵݣڻ³ˣ󱻰ɱˡͷ˹һشƾ˾Щ˴¥¥ΰݵĳǰ
ʱ˵Ĺϵ縸ʦ֡
ǵã߼ҿⲿӰʱһĻŵֱӽгˡ
ԭȤζؾ͸Ҳˣ
ŵˡ㲻ˣҲ֪˵ӰĽ֡
£ĳ˻Ӧ΄磬ȴʣҪŮж׾١
ӰƲ΄ɫã㶼ˣ
ȥǲ֣˼̹ԣˣ˵ˣ˵Ҳδ֪
֪ľˡ
漴ϷĳܿģҺЩӲͬԼǸαӣȻûʲôܣǲҴŵģҶϡֻҪˡ
΄վϢģҪ࿴ġҧгݵӡ
-
΄ǻһظ绰ǣÿڲԣ
㣬Ұգòã
Ϣ֮µǴģһӰѵͷ貶׽֡֡
֪⻰ĺ壬ȻһˮͷҪȺˮԵС͵÷
ܽܵģҲˡףõĻģһ˰ˡ
°ͣһ˲˲ؿҲԼƽ֮£֪ܲⲨȻߵģ߳ŭģٲԵ֪Ľ꣬Ҿʹߡ
µ˳ʦ
ƫƫ߼ԣʲôǡ˵Ұգ㲻Ĳ˵ģҶȥȥ˵Ҳˡ
ȻﲻˣȰˣ׹˳ʦ
Ȼ߼Ը񣬲ԸȥXǵġֶֹµСûȤˣ°ԼڷԲ
ˡֻʮ꣬Ҫô죬ãǺṆ̀
û˵ĺӣһӵĶˣ࣬ˮˡ
־͹֣ʧ֮ǧ
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ӦĴѾˣʪĸй٣ֱ¶˺ü룬ͬһͻȻêˣ
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С쿴ϱ˹Ǳһʱ治ϱӲˣ
뿪죬ϴ˵ʲôţ
Сò׷С㣬Ҫȥ˵ϱġ
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ʦҦʥöһңҪȥѯ֤һΣԺǢҲеЩ
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ʦͷȥˣ˵ȼա
ּĬǸ۵ˣͥĺӣٻ۱ʲôۼˡ
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ŲţּͥĹӸ磬ǵģϨϨ
ûĵĺ棬Ҳƽ֣ɢɢ
ǼμԲǣǸ׳ĵˡѵϨˣҪô߳

ʻӦͩǣϰԼĻԡũֻܶںͷֱ䵽ͻ
ȥͩǣǢ̸˳Ȩ֮ڵıҲˣȵȥ顣
ϰսʮ꿪ģ;ۣȥԵʣÿԭɫ
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ƻ죬ȣˮǹġٲŮúܣһ˫꽺ЬڶˮҪ㿴вʺ硣
㡱ڻ㣬ʺǰְˮǹϵɫ⡣
㾲عţЦӵʽ첻ѧ
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ҿһСʱĺӡ
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30 4.2
˵ϽŮףʮġ
Сгٳ٣ٵ塣
㿴Ӱ𽥸ǰбôؿˣʮֵͼġ
Ϊʲô橣㿴ľľأ
ĳ͵͵ģǹ˽Ϊ˼С˼ҺܲáϥŵƣСŮԴ㣬Ϊ橸ʲôͽгٳ١
Ŀ۾뵽ϣ۷
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˵⻰ô˵ģ˼Сö˶˵׷ѯ֤أΪˡ
װȥ׵ٲȻһæɫֻڽɢţϽɧԹ԰ֻھģ¶С۵λá
漴ƫͷЦһӼ׷Զˣ⣬㻹ίˣ
ȫˡ
ʶҲɺϡ
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˵ЩʲôʱץȥձٸˣμΣҽĺۣҲܶ£˺úóԷòã


31 4.3
ĳúȣȵǱأٶһֱܱء
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꣬Ԫʱû̵֦ܽͬ꣬ˣͽЩӢĺڵʱһ˳Բ
ϣҲҪֵһ
ͷİɣⱲӶĵӡ͡
϶ϷԼġȻƽүô
ոǣâǧС˵ʤġϴ棬һ˵ʲô㲻أײ˼ˣҲʹģҲʹʹҶʹ죬һʱһʱ˵ʲôʲôգ˭Ҳû涨߹·Ҳѽ
ϣнݾ˭ֲأ
ݾ˵⻰ʱʶؿۼ㡣
ϵЦ˵ʲôʱĵһˤڲϣ֮£̷ǣ
Сϼ̱ɫҰŪȥŪȥǽҲˡ
ȫ̾ߵǸ֬˰ϵغ˳ȥľӦһظŲǣⲻˡ
ղһںƣ˿̣θţšЩƾôҲѲס
ǻ˵ʲôͻȻվֻ׵ϴּȥ
£߼ˡ


32 4.4
ʪϴּԼͰߣ³ĺɫҺ壬ǾҲѪ
ǰԵҲȫŻˣָо⣬˵ġ
еļȫˣΪҵĸйյ
Ǹϣ类ųȥˣ˵ЩݻĻ˼ڲѹŪֻǶǵèڴ޵ѵļ㣬Ҫţһжȥġ
ʱԼŪˣڱԼΪϵ¶ȵġ
ֹͣ˼Լռһ㣬Ҳ뱨裬ѼеȫӶˡ
ûиκˣû壬Ҳٺκιϸˡ
ΪʹģõģԾġ
Ȼģһ㲻Ը׵ڻڶתơ
-
ǰֶŮȥֳĹǰûҲ֤֤μλˣһɡ߼ҵŮеĹǻҲҪֿŮˡ
˷ʥ޹⻰˵μΣҲ˵ǡ
Һֻϣ֣Ʃ
μνҪƽ˳죬ӣŮĸ֮Ϊ֮Զ㲻ģҶֲ
-
ţȻ˴ˣڵϣ̧ˣܸߺĮռǰеĹ
ŻˣŻĻˡ
߹йȫϵľ
ֻǣľżٿأĴ¾ǰʯ̨ϣҪ档
˴ƽӣɫ糣̨һƿˮƿǣĿǣ㣬ڡ
Ͷ˰ë
ëҲѾ˼֣˵öˣлл㡣
ĳ˲ԣᲦ£ϥǣ۽һЩȻģģĽҷɶˡ
ǣҾãھǰ˴ʲ⣬ëվ̧ĿӭѱѺϣеðգҲʮ˽⣬Ҳ֪㣬ϵ£˭Ҳͨµġ
裬˵ģǼϵĳ
ЦˣЦö֮ˣҵľڼϣѽôΪʲôԶأ߼㣬㶯ӣŸƨġ
ҡͷԶԶ㡣
⻰ɱϵһ
ʼû£㣬ż΄ܶϡƭһӣ˾ǿûоûС
Լ׿һûУ
żײܼҪɽûһʱһ̣һһԼ㣬Թꣿ
ǣĳǰҵ㣬ҲƭҲƭԼΪ㣬ԸŮ
ҴǰϡҲҲãҾΪʲô
лл㡣ллĳϿңǰûʲôܳϵģ෴ίʵֻǣػؾ˰գûõõģҿһΡ
ʲô󣿡ʧǰˣ侲侲ظˡ
һ԰ʲô
ܣһԶκ˹ܡ
˵д塶꡷ƪýģʵܶӰ
һܳΪʲôˣҲΪμлһ㡣
ģǸߣκ˶ԾϣΨʵչ
ǣ֣ȥķ֡
ʮǰĻ㿴ĳվһ飬ЦŭʻޱȣĴ࣬дգܡ
ºܶʼնŸС
գصǰҴĨ˳ϵĺۼ
ûзûʧȥ
Ҳ֪ӦգȻһֱҡǶ֪ҵģӡûСĽġ
Ѱ޶ѵñȫĻ˵붼û
ûţûңͻȻ̼°ͣ
㣬ԸͱŮִ㣬Ұ㵱ӡأЦҲȥ˷֣߼ûʧһСɣ侲ͷȻô侲ôβôΪʲôίأ

޵Ŀռ䣬Ϻȳ˵ĻﷺĴ̣
֢ᡣ
رܣء
ʮһֵĻα꣬ûƹǰˡ
ۡ
ǰͯ£
ɬףԡ
ܶ鲻ǿģġίˡΪǼȶʵһֱ˵ֵøõģҴûҪʲôѽûıʲôͷβû㡣
μΣ֪˵ͻȻȥٻعͷʱǱ˵ζҲ
˲پƣҲ˼ƯḡҲϢס㣬ìܼˣһ빦һΪʲôԣұﲻ磬μΣҪ㿴ңСʱġĥϢĸӣȴϡҰġ
ˣ˵ʤȻҡμΣڵĸ㶼ԣΪʲôҵľͲУ
ˣ߱ˣͿˣͿԼڻΪһ̸
ߣͷβǾһ·ˡ
һŻ켣ĹӸ硣
Ǳǡ
Ļ˼ؿӾǰ̨ϻվڵ̺ϣҪ㹻Ӳܿ
ڼûйĶ
ܿЦһίĳ˵Ľ˿ȸһ࣬Ҳûѧκĵļܣ
ǰȴˣŮ˵ʾɸΡ
һֻȥĲһֻ֣ʳָȥġָͣߣصê׽ֱֱ׹ȥޱߡ
ʶҧסָ⣬üĵĳʹһбס̨ϣ
/㷭һ¯㣬ǵḶ́ĿȫǣĻȴһˮͷ飺
ҰֵȥһʸǮһֱңϢͩǵǶ÷ҲˣҴѧǻҲһֱԼѡ죬֮һǰÿһʿԼģҰҵģȷʵǲģŲţûùκ˵Ǯ
μΡ
ڵĸҲϡģҸϡ
ˣһƿ߳ϴּ䣬ֱ߽ˡ
߽ЩΪѣǩ˵ģ飬ûŮʿΪ
ϴּһɳһ֪ߣ򵥣Ӧҵġ
㸶˺ʰԼĶҪߣصֻ̣գٳٲ͡
һػ£μΣһȥǲǴӴ˲ˣ
û˻ӦĻ

Сϱʱ򣬿Ļǣλүյһ̣գҽȫϡ
Թԣ輸ǲҪˡ
жϱػŮ
*
Ĺһܣѹ˼졣
޾ϸ׷г̰ţүʹɷӣģ
״򲻶Ҳ㣬ѵң˵գг̰΢ϵزԼ˼̸аˣ̣ܾ̽Ѿͷںüˡ˵ӣǼûôˡ
Ѷңɵôʮ־Ǽǻˣһ˿϶ԸƵ˼ǣ
˵깫£˽»һ׮ҽ绰㡣
ȥҺҲˡ
ü쵽Ծվϰ棬ϰĵɧ
һΪʲôһػ˵߼΄磬㶼һס㷢ʵң
Ƶͷͳȥˡ
˦ӣߣڳƣ˵Ҫȱʽ1shot
ˣ·ӵŮˣ
ʵϣϵӦ꣬ܶȵ߻أװʱٻأŶ˼ƣ
ȻҲűˣΥĵش绰߼΄磬ǲҵģ
Ҹʲô
Һ߼ҵгû
Ƿˣǳɲɾ˵ġûģ׼ҵͷˣ˻òһѣ߼΄磬㲻ˣǶоģҲ࡭
Ļû˵꣬ͱ߼΄ˣ
ܶڻòʡ£㱼䣬ʸϥϣ妵һ㳢ҲյȥԷ
ɳϵһѻԼ俴ǰˣʧš
ŷոۻᣬк
֣һڰ˯أ˯˶ǱƷõúܡ
ԭϣŷʲôƷģֻҪĵʱ㹻˭Ҳܻׯҡ
ҲʯɶѶϴ
ĵϢϣΪʲôô
ѹңͷϡ
ϣϴ
ĮˣҲͷˡ
ŷСչΣ
ûشңҶüܶһĲ˳ء
ŷ޵ĳ֮޵ʧ䣬ʾҲȥĴǣŲţҺһģ㻹ûеõ
ǽģʧȥǴӵõһ̿ʼ
Ϊ
˿̣ŷʵһ۵㣬ȻǵޱȵĮ飬ܳĺᴦҲƽ
ǯסŷ°ͣĳϣͬĻҲһֱϲĹԾȻ˾ǱˣŷˣУû顣
ңôˣǸʲô𡭡
ܶĻŷȫˡ
һһ㶼ѽ


33 4.5
΄絽ʱŷôİȥſڿ档
ŷӽǣ嵭Įһˣ˹·ڹ
΄翴ŷƫУˣ
ʿŮʿУ˼ԶˣһƢҽýŴţԻǸѧġ
ſһ˲߼΄ݲһš顱أɳϵŶҲˣ֣ܳ߼΄磬㱻ҧˣûüǲǣ
΄ѣĲ˳ʺ
˶ҹèӣҹ񡣼΄ְҵԷ
𿴵ȥŮˣͼŸҿʺӣһ庰߻裬һʰ޾Ӧ΄磬˵̰ӡøĸġ
˿̰ˣմŮ˵Ŀں죬һǰ㡣
΄ȥߣЩܶôģȥǱˣҲ˻
õĽȼǲ裬衣
һȲ裬ٰ̯ȵϣɳڶȵɳϣӵ´ϴǻƭ˵ȥҩѾͷˡͷҸ˵ûнҩ
õĽҩԼ
еܣֻԼ
Ĭϼ΄ôϳΪ˼¡
ǵģ΄Ųյ˴ô飬˵ӺûֻȰαأȥײǽӣʵڲÿЩ꣬ܶҪǿһˣΪ˼Ҳø׵ϿҲգǸʵ̸µˣȻڸ׵Ĳҵָ飿
սּǻܶعǶͷ΄綼һȦ缸ȰôƴӾƽҲǸӮϹܵĽֱϾ֮١
ǽҲδ˿΄еǽָ㣬ԼõĳܲЩУ
΄ԭ˼ǣҪɪĪáֵôɱɱܾ˵ģʲô˼
ȻĻû˵ףϢһԾ𣬽ҵϵӣصʣʲôδ˿
ȾƲס˵ܶҲǸӣϮĸ׵򣬾컬ǻмŮӵù
΄翴ĲӾĲӻϣĳǳ˵ѡҲ͸ҰͷԭҲֻǼμԼ¡㵱治ĵģҿɾʵˡ
Σ
߿ͼμΣ
ʲôãʲôá⻰ˣå
һתգӣյȲ裬С֮ʵ̰ͼ֮ǿϲӲŲϡھ͸̸գӲˡ㵱ҶԸŮأ
΄ıˣôˣ׵޼ӵĺôǣ͵߼һƣΪèĶҪģ
⻰ͷҴãΪֹˣţҲȢ߼ŮǲǾһ
ļ΄ɫܸӣ·֮ӵĻ룬ʧӣǣ˵ʲôţԶǸʤ֮սʿ
һӹ˾ι߼΄磬ǲǣʲôŶҽҲУֲԡ
ԣԶԣҲù㣬ֻϣ˵Ļ
ؿбһ߼΄磬ҲǳЩ
ǣҾŹ㣬ҲŹԼ
ĩ΄μΰңĸСôءǰµˣǰЩȻҲ£ϰԷӲԼһҲ˳ӦŶԸ
ЩԼŪò˵Һ˷ӣǷӰɣͿܲ⡣
/ʮϷӣɲ˵ھҲӵġ
ʼǲˣ
˾ˣ͸ĸûͨ͸һҧΪ

ʦϲģʲô˵
죬΄ǰһڡ
Щʲô£
˵Ҫ¿ʼǣ΄ʼղΪǡ¿ʼǡ»𡱡
»źѿеļ㣬һص󣬡ôˣ
΄˵ĵΪֹƨûζ
ĳ˴˿̾ƾԵúܣ۶ż΄磬ãңͬǩ˻ܻԼأԸ⣡
ʵڲҪ
*
Ҫв裬Ҫߣ˴ӻʱСǴɡġ
ĳƲСŵɡ΢ͷϣй˼֡
Сϱؼң
šȴǱȰջæڷϣǶǵ绰
ѾסȥˣϵֻϵĹԴСκһţ˸ַҪСĵ
˽ºûСϱʱСûë²Σ˿̣С컹ȥ磬ȳʲô¶첻ɣͱˣۺúûؼ˯ðɣ
뿪죬Լ顣
С츹̣˼˵ˡ
*
ϱĵַϳĿĵغСſڷ̽ӣϵѣܳķӵʮ˰ա
ϵ˶һűǵ³ǰشС죬ܳһ˼Ҹɼİ϶׷ӵʱͲܳˣ
ϱԾ˺Щ³ˤŵ־úܡҲкСգҪˡ
Сڳ޺޵ؿϱף㾫
ʱʮ룬߽ѻѻСͺˣ׽СҵƺŲǵġ
ڶСҸδ˯Ҳ̫˵ɡ
ǰһƬưĺڡ
һ·ˣֻصſڿŵĴү12
ֵĴүܾǲҵġ
Է̣̹ԣҵѵġ
ݵ̸ĳ˳λڲϹϹƽͼ̣үٻᣬֱȥ121Ԫ
һ߽¥ʱи˿ŽһѷסţŶԷһ¥ˡ
ĵƤʹڽͨҲӲȱ·޷ӵġ
˼ҵļã¥ˣҲ˼Һáҧ̣ݺŽȫ⡣
һ¥ϴûˮ¥Ϸӣȥ߼ҡ
ŮˣϱӾԺг
ţͣڶӦƺǰŵ־
洫Ӧˬ죬õĽŲ
Ǵ⿪ģվŰִ
˼ţŰһλƣüһֱײʹʲôƶˡ
һђYסŰ֣߼ţˣ㿪Ŷ
վͷŲϣһپӼҲĶ̿㴩ţɵɢţжױʵӡ
ֻŰϣҲϣҪŵԾYţΪĲϣԳҲѺã˵ǼҼμܲá
ҿɸ˻ˣҵҪж಻ã
Ҫ֪ԽãԽá
ĻûȫĿַˣ̲סؿ˺ü
ԣô°
סͣƽ˿ԣҡҡͷֻ˵
Щͷ˵أ

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˺üҹŵ˺/ԵԾ顱أ־͹š
ص£Զ·ϣкХ΢֮ͻȻš
ʼ㣺˭
Ϊð˺ü죬ֿԣɤƵò񻰣һֱû£
ŶŸղ˳ؿΪˡ
У
ʵһģ΄˵ģ˻ƵģЩŴȴǾΥ
վſڵˣû˵ֱȥţſڵСѶݹлŽӹȻŵһ̣˵̼㣬ϰ˵󣬾ͱˣ˿š
ľס©øɸһ
ǽеıģѱ´ݸ㣬ļƿ衢мбܣ⻹һǺ«
ȵƫЩʳǿȵĶ
һһʱվſڣǺò˵ġ
ӲվԭأϾǳϱŵʱǴǺ«ֽװģǸţƤֽ˺иӡ
շ˷֮󣬺˺֢΢ͻᷢգðҲԣҩûٳԣûٴ򣬵Ǻõúܡ
óǴǺ«ûνĿǣԶա
⼸ͺÿ࣬Ҳˣ°رʳ
ܶûԱǺ«ˣĶʤڸɾȻ˵о̻ǲ࣬ɽҲᣬڸг޲θУһڱɳ
ʧ
ֻųԣ˻վؿڣҪЬ
˵Ҳ˵
ֻʲô𣿡ôˡ
ˣϻţ˵˻ţ˽Ŀ׽ҹȥܲ񻰡
ûôġ
΄˵סˡòĴֱ֮ӽˣһۿԿķӣرͨĸ֣ͨĳ裬ذڽհС
˵䣬վڲԣͷ㣬ֻǲͨģԼTɫСˡ
Ȼ˳ҪԿ׵ġ
ѣҹԢԿס
ȥãߵôæǻˣͬŽһ߲ͬæŽӣôȥģ
˾Ʋܿӵġ
Կ׶
ûˡ
ϣŵĳһϾ;ŽԿҲֶߵͰ
ᵽһľе㲻ãҹ裬Ҫģ
μΣܲܳ˵Ļ
Ҳ͸ˡķӣ޹أòã
̧ͷһɫܿĻﴩеĺۼͷϣЩ΢մʪС
ЩΥͣ´ϵͷͻأ
˾ͽվƬΣ
жϬλ̨ʣ
СӲŻ£Ҫջ
ѧջҪˡȻһģʽ
Ҫôè
Ҫôɻ
ҪôɱʪĹע1
˿̣ǱʪĹ
Ųÿһ֮С
ֻһҪ󣬡ʪĹһֱĬʧ״߽һһμΣֻÿ쿴㡣
סϣֻҪϸҿţҿ㣬ұ֤Ҳ˵Щ˻ˡ
ҲںںѽܰͿĴ߼ˡ
ǲϿϸһʵ
ѹȥĿȣַˣһȣһͷԼıӣ˵ˣûȥˡ
طıӣˮĴ𸴡
ʲôͿˣҪʲô𸴡
ԭΪЩеûģԿס
˿ֱ̣ɻˡأ֪Լ˵ʲô
Ϊϴ˵ĺˣ
֮ңʧ֮´˿̣ûиĿڣ˵ıԣϼͷʹʧȫ׿֮䡣
Ƶĺ֢ǿڿʣżˮʣܵض˸ıӣֿˮȡ
ܿ࣬ݵľջ裬ûӷۣĺܡ
˸ֱֱۣӵӣֽţһǵõȥңдҵĲ裬Ϻõıݴ
μΣ֪ݴʲô
ġ
˵Ҳڤڤ֮үͰʾˣֻû͸Ҫ֪Ψһһμ֣ұ֤룬֤ӡĺã֤֤һúչ˼μΡ
ΪҺȹĲˡ
һɴѱӶ˵Щеûˣº׷ɵۣܿЦ
ϴûһһľһһ£ĸġ
ûκֵȥ硢֤ûڣûУ
ΪĻزȥҲֻǼ󣬻ǲ߲µĲ㷢Цڡ
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˵⻰ʱһβľ룬ǵģʱ;룬Ƿֿˡ
ʱˣ룬Կȥıӣ߹ȥֻյͷƣֻһأģģġ
ѴǰļȫգμΣҵġ
ҪǵңҸϣ㿪ģ
ҪǸ¼СͷҲִϡκ˳Ц߼㣬ҪǸԼСƨȴмˣ㣬ңҲɣҲٹҵ߼㡣
°ѴǰȫˣҲŶʮصʱ⡣
кܳ
μΣƶĿǣ
ı㣬Ҳа취Ըҡȳϣ㲻ϼˣû˰ϻεġ֪ҪˣȻҪȡġ
ǰˣǰڰﲻô˵ģ˵ҪõΪֹġ
˭еÿЩԸŮ˵˼һ˵ˣǳһ𳤴ֵĺ
ȻأΪʲôҪôǣűߡ
һ˵ã˰Ͱ;͹ˡΪѰĵַŪȫ¶֪ˣ㵥λͷǶ֪ˡ
ҦʥƱȥأõĵַ
ĶҲԡ
Եǣ˼ڿϳԼʵˣ
Եǣޣܡ
ҲɱңμΣŪĻżˣһһ߷ҲãƹΧҲգȫȻͷˡ˫ߵƣһ¾;סĺȥҲղ涵ʶ
ȥüϣȵᣬ
СǿķӦһйżˣţ߼ţĬţǲе˶ٶеٻв֮ԤϵĿܶûз
ôǵĲˣżμΣòᲡͿ˰գ
ĬʼԳĬ
ھ˵
̼ȥദŪϰµģϴһϥǣûͼԼӾˡ
ϴĳһɢţ㲨ζֱϢ꣬ȥʼһԲ
һֵᵽζʲô
ܵȥĬ壬մŵ¡߼Զ죬Ǻڴǣĳ˿أ͵ЦЦС
ʲôԣǷЦ˴ĸйɵıζ̲ζ룬ȴЦЦë
ûá⣬㱼䣬˵أһסһȥϥ䡣
ϱ˸ԼĴϡ
ӦƻϥǱϥ֮䣬һֵϥ̬ѹס
ϢһΧˣߵأġ㹻ᣬ쵽㹻֣ŲȥȡЩʲô
Юعֱ壬㺰ͣ;ֱҧˡ
ƾ߷ĳҵĺܰⷿһжˡûڱ°ͣϢַˣҧأ
Լ˵ˣԭɤˣڸоͷǸˡ
ǹӹɡ
ĹָƬ̵ѱΪǣ˿˿ģȥȥȥӶᡭ
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ѹҿҪˡ
ĳĿߣ˸˴˻˸ôѹңҲ¡
ϣϣһֺֻȦϣһֻԺغμΡ

μΡ
е㲻ͷ
ĳڵЦûʲôǺ㣬Ӧͺá
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μΣҽ
أ
ĳһ˵ҾͲ˵Ҿÿԡ
лҪ˵
ע1վ硶ࡷ


34 4.6
һЦ˵һԷޣܹɷĿ񣬼ıҪɱȥ߶ҩ·ϣһҵ꣬ɷԵʳ˾ͽڳԼдһ¨ˣһѺϣǣ˷ݣؼˡ
̨ӡڼӡļЩߵʱ򣬲̧ͷţʲô˼
˾ͽʦͬѧϿΣʲô˼ҪԼȥ͸
Թϵ޽⡣
˾ͽ˵λЦĵ͡
̸ֵĿȥģַ֣ӹһȥˡ
ûС
¡˾ͽθ黹ȶҼͥ£˴˶ӡз˼ǣ㲻Ž飬ҲŪСʽ˫¶
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зأƨɾˡߣ˾ͽ̫̫ʲôȹ̵ĸ飬ĥĥлͷĶж١
˾ͽĸΪɳģ˵ԼմȾЩʵëأעһ
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ʺ˿մϱߡ
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֪λСӦþסڼԢط
ȻҲǣҲһ¡
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ˣ˵ǸֻԸᵽԴˣڱģ֪㲢ϡǰ£㣬߼㡣
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ǰҪǳʣµıǺ«ڲϣ׼ˣǿȡʱУС͵
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Цˣĳ˲׽㿪ĵĺۼָָУ룬Цˡ
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һֻסͣôʱصķأУУ
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ԭס˾ͽҲ㣬Լ޵ķӡ찵˵ûͩǵ·ϻ±꣬˾ͽҪٻȥɡ
ѽ˾ͽڴӦԼһȥҹӰһӳƬӡ
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ԥĬţͷ밲ˡΰľƵۼҲιɵģ˵߼˵С¹ʣƵбҽ߼İá
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Ҫһ͵
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ŷ̨ϵֻһǰϢͼƬĵıӰΰ
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ȻʶΰԷĽʦܼҵĵزüֱʡ
ܶЦĿǣ˵ո·ɻͣıջӦأ׽è
Ŷᣬ˵㣬СУèè


35 4.7
ԭҪԳģҵ֧Ԯ̸еһˣͻܲһVPԹȥһֵļ۸ս
ҵͷĿǰӣҪعȥһˡ̰͵öԵȵȻһͷ̡
ŴӴĿͷöȻƸԪķԸ;ˡ
ͷƷ˵©ڼ﷢˺ôһٻ
ûͷ϶϶߾ȹ治ĴҪҪǣ϶֪ԼҪʲô
µƾǣ϶ˣǰƲģҲˡ
ǲֶŮڣԼԸȥ
ôҲԵҲաԪ˫Ӯ쵽ʮˣûӵӰӣϴָˣ϶ѲܼҶӾ
Ԫϴһͨ漴ƴ绰Ҫ϶һԷ˵ˣú;ơϴ϶ǣ߼ͷôŻôš
ϡÿүϷóƸƱͷͣ졣¸ȥѲļƻɴǰˡ
*
⼸շ϶и绰ԺЩûһζûʹʲôʱ
鼫ˡ
ʼҪġҴǰǷŮ˵ģվҲҪ黹ˣţΰˣȴûȥߵλãվϣյǧģɢؿż㣬̨ȥˡ
ǿ֢úã˵Ҳ˵ˡ
ƽԽǵǰҺͼ΄һǸ˵ƽԽĽǰӺͽˣǽЩСΧԣһ֮£߼ŮԱȫˡΪЦ˺ЩӣվάˣǼý̫Сˣϲ˾Ůˣʱʱ̿̿ſɻˡǽգĿˣ˵վֽ㣬ɱŹݵػûռأ˭˻᲻ᳯϦġ
ĳٵΰ͡顢䡣
΢΢мԭҲŽԵһ˵
ﱭϵˮӣĬؿ棬㸸׾û߹Щ
Ҫʵ
š
ͷ׵Ů

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ԭϣһֱûгʼǸӡ
ŻŻᵥŻ侲Գֵޱ޼ʵ/
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ժһëϵˮգȻ䣬ëɵȥۼֿ춼ȫڹ״ϵëʱѾƵǽȥ
еˣżļ״סһӣһֻϣͷһҧ󾱴
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˳ֺˣƽ
תִؿҲ֪Һʲô͵飿

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߼ִļһȵģʪ飬ޱߵĻ/
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ҳһҪǵôɡȥɡĺӣġ
һʱ䣬໰ӿͷҸ˵һ˵Ҳ˷ֵȥῴ࣬ϡࡣ
Ȼ˼еضס죬ҪˣҪȥЩҪ궼ҪͩǶˣ߼㶼µġ
˽ۣ㲻ϲ֤ڡĻʶҧһڣĳ˴ƣ«أڼ´ϣݺҧ˿ڡ
Ϣʱ˴˶ҵƽĳ˿ż㴽ϺһƬЦøſˣѱèèҧˣҼ壬͸ֶŮɵġ
ùĹĵء
ˡ
ҪȥڻˣȥǰϺѳʲô
Ǽ
ĳ˵Ҳö
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ģҾͲܹȥˣĳ˷ʣ˳һֲޡ
޺޵ؿ
ֻĶ䣬ܣҲҪǼ


36 4.8
ʱѾҹʮһˡ
ǰţҪǲõˣȳԡ
㷢Ÿȷ

ǣ㻹ǵˡ
˾ͽ粻ˣһĳԵģǹǼˣңͱóˡ
˾ͽֻͶϣ׷Եվ硣
㵽ЩΣʲôôණҲԲġ
ǽ˷Ǽǰ˼ҷܽеҹˡ
ˮ̶üˡиֵġ
˾ͽҸԲ
˾ͽɳϣ˵ļã˽ﱿ׾飬ǴǰX޹Ƨ
˾ͽ̹Բļ̫׽ʱһͳĺ죬µĴ紵ɫûѪһ˺Ͱ߲òܿ
߼㣬⿴ǽϵӣ֪ٻˡⶼ㰮ʲôҲ콵Ҳ
û˾ͽЦ
*
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˾ͽӽǿȥվشŵɡˮģҪø䦵õȫǡ
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С㲻ãڵϹģ˾Ҳùǽ
ڳﶼ˾ָˣǿˣһʹ죬ɴ³ˣһ·ԼŪøǱ
һζϵףӸһ˫Ьʿģո¡
Ҫ֪ϴûȻǰԸȡЦԸԼ档
ǣĬءܡ
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д˾ͽŪ˾ͽܳ²ۣȻ˼ҵѴʧ
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š
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һеĿģľͺãʧʲô
Ĳ㵹ٵݸ
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Сʱˡ
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֣ϴĥϢѵϷǶóĻţòã
ȴԹƵرǸ˼κ˶֪˲᲻ġ
ֻҲ˶һܣⱳĴˡһ뻹ƽһͱЮ˻ȥԶǵãҽԺӼ㡣
˵ǣְֲá
ʮļϳģΪġ
Ժ̸
ҲҽԺǰΪҽףѾܶûἰˡһԻ΄統ҽ
嶼˵΄Ұְ֡Ҳ֪΄統ҽûаְֵӰ죬һֱʣУģÿμ΄磬˵ҽԺˣҶ·Сġ
ҲҶ˵ʲôһֱϲ磬ײҵ׵ģҪϢԷԵı㻹Ҫ٣еģϡ
˾ͽϴּϴϳһĻǣ㱻ڻ͵͵ţ˾ͽԶһǱǸҲǽֹ
ֹ˾ͽѯʡΪʱõйһޣ㶼֪Լ
㵱ϵˣǿȥ˵ǣ޵ĴǻŵԼ
ķţǿǿûˣһжޡ
ΨŵˣˡˣҲˡԼ
ʱֵַعȥܸоƽƽˣʪǰһƬ
۾˵ǸҲûһĶ
䲻أСʱûа˭
˲̧
Ц볰̫ԿˡʲôԼ΄綼Աǣϰʮİ顣
ϰʮİָ߰ʮطң㣬Ȼأ
ʲôã
඼ҪΪһѻˣ̸ʲô飬ƨסڣϰʮڲˣ
*
ϵĳʳȫʰˣԲµȫ鵽ȥˡ
̨ϳ̣ȫڴ⡣
ĴԭҪԼģ̫ᡣ
ҡͷϹŪȫҪȷģ㱿ֱŵġ
졣ں
ǸԶش⣬޴ӽͣΪʲôô׾
һ˵㡣
ڷͷﾲȼõȥ̣˵Ҳˡ
ȥѹҪҹ򳵻ͩˡ˵ʼ߲롣
׻ʱӣȴ˵ٿĻҪԸߣҿ԰ųȥ
߲ͣ˾ͽδüȻ߼ȴըëˣС
Ҵˣ
鲻ԸرƵſڣ߶СһߴԼСѧĸףС˶ɡ·ϵıۡ
ͳͳø
ĳˣȫҪȻԶܵϵȥˣ˵һǧһҹж೶
ŮĻһǧһҹǸı뷨ɱҲԶ
μΣҪҹžɱң
˵䣬ˣԭغþãĳ߳ȥûϡ
ǰԭǴŵģȻʹأ⣬󻯵ȥţ
¥û뵽ĳվһš
ûߣֽ̧סų
һ룬ӮʤϲãһђY߼㣬رˣ档
⡣
Ϣǵסϣ
ڰʧȥĸйٷǿˡ׾߼ǲģĶģһżڵȻֱǣˣָ䡣


37 4.9
˵ǰ/ϷǰӲ仰ƫġ
Ϊܶ겻ѽֻǿˡ
ߣķ绨ѩֱһ
ʱգҲʱˡ
Ϊֵ֪塣ΪǿģݵģŻỶ֡
ϵ۶ڽ̻ˣϲŭ֣һζֻռһҪٲġ
YֻˣʹǰǵЩŮһ³ôڼ㣬ǸĽ֡
ǷκŮ˵ĸծΨ߼㡣Ϊסļɻڶûаܡ
ã/ɫͷܽˣǺ˲ˡؽ䣬һԡ㡱һꡣ
ˡ
һַ
μΣɡЦڰѵܵȻ´˭㿪أţ
*
գм΄ܼҴܼҸӲһ
ڼ롣
ûˣŮ˵˼վЩȰɷ㶼㻹ˣֲڼڣԵӦˡ
Щ꣬˵ܼҵ׹ϵˣ½ͷҲ͵˼ӼӡͿ΄ܼ϶Ҳû˵ʲôܼҳ¡΄ͩס׷ӣæðġ
ʱ򿴱˼ҵĺӰգǺõģ͵ܼ϶ʻ㣬۵ĺӾԼļ΄һζУ굽ͷӰӡ
ĸ׵˼վһЩ˵ָԼ߰գҲϣǻô䡣
ӵվԿЩ
ھƵ꣬ĳͺͼġܶߵ˾ûв˵ģ˼ҵĺӻúܣһһ߼غţ˵ϱʵ߲֪岻ʹ죬ָغͻؼҡ
ϱͼ΄һ򽻺ã⣬׼ǹŵġ
Сֻû¡ȻҲû뵽㡣
£ڹ˽Ƿܼ顣ԪǸЩӣس˶ٱ߹ġSҵģǰЩӣܼҸԽѧУһѧѧмľꡣ
ΪܼҼܵĸ̨̡߽ƽ׵˸
Ԫ£Ŀľùʣڼ룬СһЩȥͷϯȦ˿ɾͲ֪˵˰
ؼʱҲ᷸Ϳ˵ͨϲ
Ԫɣڼ
ܼνé®
ɢڼңҪµSǣϺ࣬Ҫݷһ÷
סƵҪõĴƷûú١
ɳϷ־Եӣҡ÷üŶ̺ȥˡѵԽԽʲôӰɳϵںϷ磬ˬˣŰְֿڮܼҵġ͵ıģǵɲֹһŶ
Ůѵһվӣţڼ΄϶԰ˣ
мĽ⽾ִֻŮˣⱲӶŮˡЩζԣûʲôڵģЩ죬㶼ġ
㷢ʸȻƷζܲа룬ҲǸġ
ĸἰͼ£ָ΄ܣǸб߽еˣԼ¶Ӳĸ˵ġ
ο㵽׸Ǹһ㡣
ְ֣Ǹ浱ĵ񣿡
䲻һ䣬ϼ̶תܲЩʲô
ܹѵ־ɳϣƤԵʵҾüͦģүǹƽģʧ٣ö١
ǰǸ
֪λĴڶ黳Ļ
Ļ䣬Ĳ豭˵أǴɻأˡ
֪ʧˡְֺͲĸ飬ֱͼһ㡣Сʱ̻ģμһظǣҲӲԽȥ
£Ҳûʲôԭµģ£Ҳ֪ôˣЩС
̫ˡ
ŷɴʼ岻õʱ
һ˼ȥ
ϻʱ棬˰ɡְٲ֪Ƕϲ㣬Ϊ滨ĽΣǸ˶бǵӸԡΪԵʣôΪʲôִأ߽ͲǸˣһԣ
ھղˡȡеϢ˭һԣ

*
᲻Ԫˣ̬ЩӸĵӻڣͦΡǻȦǱãǵó½ϲʱλܹӵķͷȥ
ԭ½С㣬Ԫε׷ֵġ
ʮأַˡ
˼ҵĻбʶӣǵڶ̫̫ЩֻʲôʲôǣܰͷˡȻȻһͷһϡ
ϻʵֳһصġĸҡ۳۳׵
ڲЩֻԪĸˡ
ǰܼҸӻǹҷģڹ游Тˡ
ϵܣ򶼺ãҼ棬Ԫȴк϶ҲԽӸ׽⿪ѡ
лҰǹ˳ŶꡣԭŴոҶʱ䣬ô󡣡
󣬽񳯿ţͩǼµطˡ
ʢֲ̫ƽӡ
굽Ƕʺܼլ޷գ
游״ͷбҿˣԺӶ¥ûʲôԺǽ˵˲٣޷
߼ҲзӣĸȥЩ꣬ͷҪޣԼֳҲһǨȥա
΄绹ȫڹŸһ䣬æú͵ˣôˣ
Ԫûȫ򣬵ӵһһۣԷĮܿˡ
ˣҪЩġ㲮ͷһˣҪǸ磬Ǿ֡
΄ֻʣǲȻˣһ۶ӣʲôˡԲ˵΄磬ôĳˣֶѰζ
ѵΪֹܼҸϯ˵ԭڼģе㲻ˣүĸգŮ˼ˡ
ϯԪֵĿյĻϻͩϵ꣬϶һС˵ҵ˭أǼѽ
Ԫ˵۶к󷽣侲ڶгȤҲͷӣҵʱ˵أͨ߼ɣ洫ֶŮյ׵ĹŮˡ
ǼλһֱźأûŮģ߼֡
˵գԪë
˻ҶԼ˵˵һʱ䣬ƲĻ⣬ָܼˣԪǧ͸Щʲô򣬡һ϶˵ĸͷòãŽӻͷģ
ã֡϶ôͷ溰˵ġܹǺ꣬ˣֶζ衣ڼֶδͷ˵ͷ׳ôһ䣬бѸʲôԪһۺȻͷ
ֿġЩûиĸԵ
ҲãҪ˵ͲøǸߣְԭҲôġƽЩ¶ĥ˺Ӳ˵ѽһʹһʹ
һһʹʵԪ˵óĻ
ˣҪͰ˸ϯļӣԪδܽһ󲽣ڿֳ壬Ȼأ鲢氡
һ˳»ˣڰûأ
͸óйµ־Զˡ
ȻܼԪȻѻ˵ôǲ˲ʹˣʹ뷽跨ֲһ塣ϾԶˡֳô࣬õܵܳ죬ԼһͩûͷʵȥˣһŮǶûá
갡Цѽ
ѸӸһ飬ܺòŹ֡ô򵥵ĵѶôˡ

ƹѲϯҪҡ
һľƣһߵģͻȻͷҿ԰϶һˣһ˳ɲɣ϶컯
룬㲻Ǹϵĺӡһû½ҵĺüøĸûСԲڹԾ㸸׶׮϶Լ˵˵ʲʺ㡣
Ȳ½ֲǷǻѶĿԪ
һپƣܼнˣɿˡ
ֻǣǣȰŮ飬һˣٺѡˡ
*
ʱһľ΄Ѹײ͵ң׾ָȥӼȥ
ûߣְһžŭյӣá
ʮӲ㵽ˣֻڿɳϣεݣǵСʱְÿη𣬼㼴㲻飬Ҳżߡ
òã˵øá
ͷԹ¥ȥ鷿
һֹ˵ˣ֪
ͷۣճлĿǣ߻úʧˮ׼Ŷ
̨µļֱӵͷˣ겻ݡ
鷿ֻ鰸һ˵ƣ꾲ڰǰ̡
鰸ϣϵһ֣
αaӣע1
֪ĸֲ⣬御ˡ
лҪ˵
ע1ʫ硣ϡα˶ZӡôѤã


38 5.1
ûмǴĻдȢʫ
αaӣƽ֮֮ӡ
ϧ岻⣬Ϳˡ

鷿ﾡ飬ϸ鲻¾ȫѵСʱ΄ϲһ㣬˵ʵ̫һӾӡ
ǣ鷿̵ġ
ƽˡ
μΣʱ򻹲ǵġ̣Ķ˼㡣
΄ţŶ룬˵ʲôȥ֪ҵĹصġ
鷿˽˿ռ䣬Һ̸ҲӲ֡
΄ǽվƾΨһһûƵģѵúܣСʱ㱻ൽ鷿̸άġͷһأ˶ģԸġСʱܽ쾭壬ڣŮ鳤£ûйؿԡ
΄ףڷǻ˵ҪţΪž˼
ңС½ӣҳԲ˯ãҪתأ΄˵⻰ʱͶһ۰ǰļ㣬΢΢ۣҺѲһ¡
ӣ˴ᣬ΄ּ㣬Сʱڻǣػˡǻèҡ
꿴΄ͼ㷴һã˶ǸؿƿԸ񡣽գ΄㣬ǰ˺ôһ
˲ǰУ統øèһ飬ְ־ҽԺûģֻҶ˼ҲҵĶʵпޡ
΄ҡͷμΣҺͲһߡҲѧҽĲء塣
øҵġӴ֣ⷽϸ£һҵãҵĸ
ʱ䵱ǰڶߵĻ·
лǰļ΄磬ǰһǱ˭
µģ뵥ġ
ʮһ֡Ȥγ£йءСﱻˣΪ庰鷿̸ˡ
ԵĻûУֻ˵ͬμκ¡̫̫Ǹֶӣΰʺһ򱶣μΡ
ʮ겻ļ㣬ĳˮһᡣüۼֳ˽ĶԣܾФ񣬷·һпչڳǿʲô
˵ףǿϷżߣ״˽ˡ
Ϊ󣬸Ϊ
ǱģǱ׷ΪΪҽߵġ겻Ǹȥֳ̤ѫ¡
Щѫµıͬۼƹǡ
ǸΪƫִˣһֻҪŮհ׵꣬ŮʲôŮʲô
ʮһֺ꣬Ҳͬûмֵһ㡣
ǰڹԼ
Ժû˵ԼĸɡǵģֳĶŮײˣƫƫûκɶα
ǽܼҸӸǰԹݵһյơ
Ԫ̫յһȻҲ
˵ʲôҲѼμμ޵ôһļƵļͥȥġ
Ǹղż΄͸šҲ鲻֪ʱӡ
壬ΰֻǲ֪ڵ¡侲Ӧָָ尸ǰ֣ļ㣬ʵֻͿ֮ǰ鷨һ֮Ϳ󣬷Ĳֵ
⻰Ŀͱӡ
μΣǸʵȥ𲻹ڣһǲԼӪһûӮ˺ַһԭ
ȥͨ绰ĳ֤㣬߽ڣʵԶҪŭǸôӵĺӣκ˶ǿ
ס塣
ǣֲڻΪһ̸Ϊһܡ
Сʱ򣬼ȤЩϱһڣעܡǾҲԡ
˵ǰļ䣬дƪģ緢ЩġＰ棬˵ȥ׷ʱ⣬ֻãǻӣŹͷϡ
ƪķ˽ϲҲΪȻʼռĬܡ
ܶܶꡣЩ˵㣬ǡ
Ϊʱ£ղյĴӵġ
ƫƫ˵үںЦʱôɬܣһϦ䣬練Ƶطˡ
ǸƽҲǳҲ٣ıйˡ
Ϊһβ׵Ĺȥ·˫ּˣ޻İơ
ҲһʲôûзҲʼû뿪SǡԻݺݴһƣþƽһ
ΪֹաʱҲϤ
ûӹġıĻӮˡᵽ˰ְ֣˵ְֽеһλ棬κ˵Ȼƫƫǰһߵľ꣬壬ҲҲұԼʵʵظлһðְʱ򣬼֤ҵܡ
ޱȸлˣлְһ֮Ե
ʲôںˡ
ıҲ̹ףԸ⣻Ըôʹ˷㣬ҲԹ԰
һøõõġ
ʧ޿ʧһֹ°ա
ֶһԻͽȻľꡣԪ˵һ㶼û㵱꣬ʵìš
Ҳ֪㱳ܲͨҲ׾ٵؿԪύ˼
ԪԹ۵عҪ겻Ҫֳ֣ҪԴֳĹŮûʲôֶŮ߼ҵյ׵ĹŮֻаѵ̧ȥܼҵŸ/
ϯϣҴӦĿˣֱԲ߼㣬ӦܼĿʵͷΣǱһͨɲ£ˣҲҪԼѡ
»Ů鳤ѡһ
϶ǱƳٳûȣǸˣһЦ壬Щͼ΄Ĺϵ϶ҪôȤغ̸ֳݹϵҪôʦصƺһʦ֮һ壬ͻأҼܷܼҵͷҵôߡ
ϣû/
¶ƣ˭Ҳ֪Լܲׯ
ԭֻһټҳϯ档˵ȫûκ˼ȻˣҲظһ䣬ͷɲÿȫöŮ黻ȥҪЦġ
ôһ´Ŀˣ˭Ůܶ
ңǼ㡣Һ˵ĻٵһҲ޷ıҲһٴڡ
׵Ӧ꣬ԷǱơҷϣԸȥĽͶǳͷ
νĽ͡
Ȱ˲˵һö֧Ʊ
*
ֶⳡ̸޽
ͬѵ޶ϯһҪ㣬ȥա
ûнǱõĽ
˵ϵ̵٣Ĭؿ壬̾һְڣҲ޹иĸ
鷿¥ʱۿǺġ
漶£ȥкʱŵˡ
Сʱ߼ڵúܡ
ȶˣ˵Ĺͺ˼ˡ
¥æϸϸǿ޹ˣҲûʲôίӣǸƢֺȶˣ˵ʲôȥ
մ˼۷İTīɫıߣɫ㡣
˵վҲɫͺܺ죬΢ͿںȥΪĿʺĳС
ҡͷԲ𣬺˵屻òᡣ
ε̺еݸ˵嵱̣ͣҡ
ˣ΄˵ҪҽԺˡҲһֱȲҲˡ
һػЬٳٲżصϡ
΄ڱϣĳ˴ֺȶˣٶĲ趼嵭˾ƾİԵ츩ȥϥŵأؼĿ⣬̧°ͣö֮ľʣΣ
ʽ彻Ľ
߼ҡ͸٬΄˶ɵˡ޲һߵȥ̫ˡ
㵱ż΄棬Ӧûнʵˣ廹¥ء
վſ𣬿ͬճӳ
΄ͥԺﵽɼˮ
΄ܲܰϰԸһģⲻֳϵĶֶŵë洫ģǲǣ˭˵ģ˭ţţ
ĳԲģƾʲôԡ
΄Ҫļˡ
ûͣԺӣͱСסˡСһ㣬һ㣬ϱͷûп
΄Ҫͩǣͼˡֵеǿ˺ìܣ֪ͨ㣬̲סˮҲ㡣úź򰥣
ʲôûн
߼΄ӻ֣˵ҽЩȥ˰ɡЩ̵£ⱲӶĥ͸ġ
ãһͻȥ
϶һǾ仰ͼμεĴĽ顣
߼΄飬סҴǰ˵ЩȰģ㻹Ϊ㲻ɡ
˼ǰ֣Լǰ߼㱻Сסˣ߹ȥûСôԣţͰ߼ȥˣиؼҡ
˳˵˵ûнǸʲô
ҪС쿪һ·ֻ׼ֱ߻ҹգ㿪ֱļ˵
Сʲôˣ𳵺
һ·йļƣҲǵù˵ڼ̵ƣ˼ҹ䣬֪ӿĸˣߵĳޱĵĵڡ
ֱĵϡ
ͣͻȻڣǳС˵ġ
Сίԣ㣬ΪңģͷҪϱġ
˼ӣסͣǸ˵ģ΢΢
ѻۣŤͷҲҪ
˵ʲôֻĽʲô
ȷʵûнֻǣ̹ϵЩҲ
ǰ˲ЩЩ˷磬ͣҪϴּ䡣
ĳĻ͸ˣļˣҲ
Ҫȵ߼㣬ԽǱԽӽʵ
ɫһְֱϣָ棬㼱ñͷðˣͣ
Ͳ
Ҫϴּ䣡èèҪҧˡ
ţѧļ꣬Ҫô͸ңϲҡܶܶ֡


39 5.2
֪Ҷİʲô
Ǵĵϲ㣬һһУϲҸϲˡ
Ҫϲ˱һޣǻϲ㡣
İر
ע1
-
￪Ź㲥̨Сִٶ˵ͼЩڹȥ
̨ﲥһ֣жʱϲַӣģĦǡ
¾ʿСŴ͸ˣҲޱ̵ᣬʵ֪ڵ塣
һڵˣȥľ񣬾һǿΪ
ǿ޽ӽϢˣǵӦĽߣץֺݺҧĻڴ
ı΢ֲʹá

䣬ĳվᵽľˣ˿أԼȥ£ϥǣضһҪСǰĴ¥ͣ
ΪʱʱҲСӲһݳƷſڣ˰ظϼ³һ·߽˵Сʺɻ󣬾ֱѼ㻤͵ϴּſڡ
죬ٽ㡣
İĳҲʲôУڡ
Եʱ糺졣
϶ͷ̨٬
Ťͷ˦Ժ
ֻЦ
*
ٳʱظɶ־Ͳˡ
еСӴVIPҵ
㸦ſڣżڵ̲ζһƬԵģƳӪҵߵԼݳƷŵꡣ
ȻԵԵ㣬û˲ʱͷġ
еһɳϣ̣ˡԼߵŮ졣
ĵܣλǵĵ곤
ʶ
ֲȡ
漴ѵصسȥˡ
Ǹġ곤СǸģ㻹ǵĳŮѡ
ҲƼ߼㡣ǰһߵƷţϵŵ˿ǼҵƷƣϻŵľ̲ݺ䡣
֮£ζ
ıվкȻ˵Ķȴ㲻ѧֳ
˵ʵǰѾѧˡ
ס߼΄þô֮صشߡ
ĳ˰̣˿Ǵɵмӣ˽İһءĿ⿴ȥ·һͣҾͺմߡ
ȴΪȻȥ£ԶȥСʱϲ㡣
һ仰ףҡ
Ըԣϳ˵ĹؾǳĬյľһ֪
ĬҲ֪š
Ŵ˹߳Ĵ󡣷·ЩĴһֵģԶʧϡ
³˹һƬڡ
վվȥǻ˭ϲأ
ΪȻֻ׷ʱΪءϷԣ˶
ǣԲģɢġվ뿪뿪ģֻµˡ
ζذѼȦԼӼˣڳŮǰҲǾάԵ衣
ǵģ˶Ҳס
ҪҪǣĹ֮䡣Ⲣӣ෴ʵܡ
ҪǿӡäĿˣ
ȾǿĬͣģ塣
˿ǿˣҲʵKPIʵߡ¹VIPѡӲᣬȥǰȤ˵һ͹ȥĸǩ
һڶࡣܹ̫̫㹻ƽ׷ֺ졣̫̫ǸĿͻ
ϸĳȥ£Կǲ㡣ӵ˿ˣ೤һС
⻰šҹȥ
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徻ҪϲһС
ٳٲ˵ʹʣ
㻹͸ٺĶԻ֮УǸһѧûþͷˡ
ԭŮԵز˿Ϊõѡ
ƺ˼˼㼱Ҫϴּġ
ǵģЩ궼к͸ĸԭڻع˵£񻹹棬ʼҲǰ֪۵ڵĹ˾⴦ŵĸһ㡣ע2
ĸͷ⣬Ҳܸĵġ
ʧɢ꣬御ˡ
ûˡ
͸ĲʺϡǻΪѧǸੲݵˡ
ԭϣ͸һ̫һζ׷ԼҪģûԸͣ
ƣڱֻʺ⡣
ˣǼһԼ
ǿӡģССģῪٱµӵġӡ
ĬĶ˼ѿ˺Ĭʧһ㣬ǰ߼ҼֵȫóĬڹȥ
ţˣһ͸¶ݾƣʵˣƳԵ˺Ѳȥһ
һֻѸ߼㣬ЩһƵˣȻأûõĸ
Ϊ
㵽ǰɳϣϣĿ֮µˣزУ㶺̧ͷûͷ
Уš
ƾƫƫҵġ˫ħĺЬӣŮҪͣķҪֿ˫š
ĳȻ᲻ã֮뿴ٻӡ
׾ڱϣףҲС
һһڶߡ
סǣһƬڰ϶Ĺ֤ʵ˸йٵʵ
·ͷԲԣҧͷȥӶıܱԼȥһֻֿᴦܸܵĻ硣
סĴ࣬ȥֵ֣ɴҪյʲô
ǣȥİ;У߶СˣëΪб·ӡ
˲ķȴЩͷϵ׻һӶһҲʣ΢ĺ
У˵ʲô񣬿ģҲǼʵ뷨첻ʲôǲǻᱻЦ
ţ
ҲϲӣȫӣԼҵ
һӾȣֱۿԴˣָǼϵĺ
ܾشһ㣬ɣҲǰйˡ
ƴժɻһ䶼ûҪ
ʮļҲǵһοڸҪΪԷҲϲӣ㵱ʲôĻһйŰɡ
ʮʱйһֻܺÿlogoԼоˣһֱû;򵽡
־ֿˣл졣
ʵطǵþ˾ͽ˵öԣϲΪʲôԸʾϲΪʲô԰Լٸ
ǼһΣ˵Ǹͺ񶼱ˣǺϲСʱϲڵϲȻ˵һ¡
ԣӵ
ЯһȤ붷־ٲȻһйŰѣ߼ĵһ
ˣҪھֻʱʮСʱڣһҵ
ֳǮ
û뵽ôš
ҪԼץޣ㷴ְ޻ؼҵʲô𣿡
ǰʲô𣬡ص㲻õ˾
е㲻ģϥҪؼҡ
ĳʱص˱ʣYżʣμΣҰʱҵˣôң
㲻˵Լıġ
һɣҸ㡣
лҪ˵
ע1С
ע2ĵϰʦҵС㣬ϕ


40 5.3
ֱպ󣬼æһĽͷöûг֡
Ҧʥ뿪λʱ㻹ڹλǰšŰǰСơʦֶߵǰˣǰ˶û
ҦʥժŽӣأڼӰ࣬ʵ㡣
ʱ䳤ˣҲ˿Ц㶼ˣ㶼ˣ˭ء
ҦʥǸʵ˾̹һ㣬ǣͷļͻ¼ȵ᰸ȥüˣĳ̶ֳϣҦĬ˼Լһ㡣
ûʱ㣿
̧ʦ֣ܻɬĻҲûƲ壬ֻ˵Լʦʵ̹רʱӦҡ
˵ģһ˰ʱ䡣
ҲҪǰʱֶεȸг̰أȥ
ĳ顣ĵһ棬Ȳһ䣬簲簲
ʦЦͼ㡣
Ҧʥϲöˣʻ⡣ȶԣ͹ڵ̣עÿ˶ܼԦġ
仰˵ͣӬӪˣҲע󲻵ġζ
ȻǢ˷СǣҦʥ˽ģݡȻ֮͵ĵط
ҪҲôԾɱģܶӿûͷˡ
ʳŮ£ʵ˵ˣһԸһԸ
ҦʥǰһĵãΪ˵ĵáҲ㻹һ飬˴ʱϲŮ˵ĿķǣȤʱҪǷǷͿʱְЩøɸɾ֮¡޳֢ܵڡҪΪʲôǹɣӼǳԲǴ´λҲңԶǸҵġ
ԣŮԶڳ֮䷴ùӵıǰԶŸͷܶҳϡ˳
Ǹۿɼͷʲôأ
ҪǾȫƾİǾ̫ˣ㡣
ûһ׮Ǽ򵥵ġ
ҪˣŸһͯأ֪Լ̫ˣ̫ˡ
նͯڣʦҪ°ɡĹ򣬲ȥˣҲġ
ҦʥţԹԣܶܰ/ժǸġ
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㲻ģԿȥǸףüûýȥİô׵صõˣһûϲøС
СһҪĻͷŤͷʣأ
ڵļҲ壬ǵһ
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СѾһ̨ˣ㿰סϱȥ
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ΪףΪʲô˵
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һֻȴġ
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ѭͽȥѲ鹤̽ʱεֶͷˣѪյͶԿʱȻά
¹ڳĿֶǺԩҲúκһǮ
ǽǷǣǰͷ˽ˣȥҸҵˡ
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С찤ýҲסϱģرģȻɻ룬ǣġ
СͶҲ׼ݣҲ׼ƶ졣
ôȻôĵˣ㶼ˣֽһˣΪʲô֪
С˽ģ뿴ĳĽ㵽׻᲻ἱ
ǾѪųڣ¥ݵȾ£ҺСÿ죬Ȼȥɲᡣ
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ϣ滹е
ͩ£ôĵطôн׼⣬ôٵý塣
Ϊ˶粨ҲҪ￪ｨͷɴҪưסԺˡ
΄Ÿ˿ڣ͵ŵ˹ˣһ/ķŮʿ˵ʲôҲקܹΪܵѽˬ
ƴ绰ԪˣҲ˵ֱۣʱûʲô󰭡
ˣԪ㻹㷴Ӷ࣬ǲǣ
ǰʱϴ϶̣û̫ףΪҧءⶼˣ˵϶ˣԪҽԺ
ųӣҲ㲻ۿ֪ۡ
Žûü¡ͷؽˣһ޵̫̫Ÿ˸Ÿը/ҩƵġ
ֱӣصѽЩ˽ʲôڰϣอϣǲǣ
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һͷǳֱ۸񿪣ָ裬ҪҸλ㲻ҵİӣܺõĿЩ
㳳ͷۡ
⼸һˡֵĹػ醪²˵Խ硣
ôӵĸԡʮ߰˵ʱͲ˹ţͣܲκ˵Լġ
ǰʱҲᱣȫͥ档
ǣѯʲ΄ֵ߿࣬ӾôƢ
Ԫ߶ԶԶأԹ϶ƣ˵㲻ʲô
ǸףҲܹϡ
ңĻ棬϶׹Ԫðˡ
ԪֶŮĵϸⴥ϶ˡ
ɢϯظǰ֪ͷĻҵģҵĲġͷ֪㿴еգʵôҪ
Ҳȫһ㣬һܣһԼ
ҪʲôʲôԼġ
̸ϣPlan B ֪ġ
ԾڴˣѸˤڳ
վ棬Ԫǿмܹˣȴ˼
΄绹ûȥֵ࣬ٺҪˡ
ܶҪͣ߼΄ϸɲر֣ᴲһۡ
ĳ˲ΪȻﲻԣ
ľߵϿ⣬ʱεҪݶȻԵҲһͿ߼΄ֻ֮Եۼ䣬ӡǾĺá
ƫͳ̦֣ƺ«ƺ«
ϷŹ֡ӦǾ仰鰮ߡ
ƴҪҽȥ
棬Сˡ
ܹ˹øùڣϱǰ
漴Ծˣϵ·崴ֹѪǰͻˣһŷɵúܡ
ȥû߼ɫѵվſڡ
˸վһͷȥɫ磬벻סԺģЪھƵһ㡣
㣿غ¸߰ԭŻꡣ
ǲЩõĻ䡣
ɫأϵĲŷ΢񣬰ɴйŰ
üʧ䣬ûθߣǲǣҸԼҽܣʮ屶ļ۸Ҫġ
˾鵽סɴ鵽ϣӲӣ̧ͷڵĻðҾñҳ벻Ҫҡ
Ȼ䣬Ǳ˴˵ǽ񶼵ˣĳ̡
ʱ˼ֵᣬƵһҽԺһᵽʱƽеĲпᡣ
пڣǳµʱ˿ӦûС
û¡һֻ˼밡
˿ڣ㿹ܼˣ˿ڣҲۡ
ɴԼϣһš
û£μΡ
ҡͷҲߣûˣһúúõġκûˣҶúõġһֻ½ΪǾԵᡭ
룡ȼһˣŮ˻ӣһђYǰҲøТ꣡
ϵϢȵģһеˮͷ𽥸չ
Ȧسš
Զĳ΄ͷߣû£Ƕȥ
ǡָ֮ⷿˣĸĸ


41 5.4
Լӡʮ꣬߼һܼǻء
СѾͷˣĻϣǸͭ¯ӵûʽԪΪ˷˺ôĻ𣬹϶ǹӾ
ϲϣҲһ¯ӵϡ
Щ꣬Ԫûϴ뷨ӳΪԪӹѾ񶨴һ㣬ĺҲиаԵŴ
ô϶ӮδأԼĶӱ߼ҹĸ׵˵˼
ΪڱӻˣĿһеҪߡ
ϡǵãûеģĴȥġ
תתԭ϶ԵѾͷ
Ǹǻδ֪֮Ӳδغù
̫̫ó罻ӵĸ⡣
˵Цô˹ģҲͰĻȥˡ
Ŀɨˣ䵽뿪ͷϣСԾض㡣ùһɫΪС쵽ҪŸģأһͿˡ
üҲͷСʱû뵽ĸҲڡ
ǸСˣĶ׼Ĩᣬ˴кġϣ࣬ҵģǸʲô
⻰Ҳڲͨĵز
ߵʪ΄磬Ҳĸĸ
΄ȿڣ֪̽ʱ仹һСʱ͵ˣ˵˵֮ۡʱ䵽ˣ͸ظңõˡ
΄⻰һҽ߼
ԪڶҲǸͣҽԺǸʺɵĵطˣ죬㸸衣
΄絭ĮӦţ˵Ͳĸȥ
ֱ峡İŵͷ㣬Ҳᣬ
ǿû¡
˵ԼҲ˵Ϲ飬Ȼǿ˷صĿ־塣
Щ֪
ˣ㵱С˽
㴩żˮɫĳȹ·ʲôִĴ䣬ļ·ļΡ
ǴγԻ·ĩп粻顣
ͳ嶯һ˼Լĳ嶯Ǹ¶ȷ㣬Ȼġ
⣬Ǻûش𣬡ˣûˣҺ˭һԶ֪ġ
ݶŮˡ
ûġ
ڵ飬£Ҫʿġ
ִټ䣬קǿӡƵ㿴˶٬ɴȥ죬û취³ɴرȥ
˴Ҳ
㣺סԺ
̽ֶľ룬΢΢سұûеۡ
ȥۡ
һߣҸˡ΄罻ģ̽ʱһظҡʼ㣬ҪҪظң
˵ʲôͱס͡
ϵİö˵أڵϱŷ
漴֪ĸȥˡ
·ϣ컹ꡣ
ЩͬϢԼı仯㶼ٽظܵˣԼ
ƮƮģŵģδĸоһּУ౾ܵļʡ
/֮ܡ
ȻȴԿıܡ
е̹ϡԼһӡǣ
ң˴ֳϡ·Եġ
ֱţǯ˵ɽһЩ΢ز֮󣬺סҲִӳȹժ
ҽԺ
ɫǻˣŲЩο㣬û˸ҽҲûü
رܿＰ˵ѩȡ
ţʲôͷθڣǰĶ磬޼ԣĳ衣
ˡĻҪǡ
ϵĲŷҲɫģʧѪԵʣ㿴ܾùعİסҪϢԴ̽ʱǰһӡ
ܾˣĮվƬ̣ȥϴңO@溰㡣
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һ£Ҫİæ
Ҫȥˡ
Ҫ˵ˣôѽ
߽ȥ˲ŷһɾҪ
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ĳ˰ѳݸҪæҪԺ

ûѽҰסԺȨ֮ƣ㼸̵ģֵĹˣҲ׷ȨӦý壬ˣǴ߲ߣòˡ
˵⻰ʱǹŰӵģ㸺ɴϽ㿴û
Σ߽ŵܣ£ֻӴȥ½󣬴Ŧۿʼʱһץ֣Ǵ濪ʼ
ϲ
ĳЦһŦһ̧ʱµĵڶŦۣü֮ϣղǾܾ

û⣬Լȥ㣬ҲǻܾңԲԣ
̧ͷɫ࣬ȷʵ֮ʵ⡣
еܴ죬ְѳ°ҴȥףˡԣƽĽ̸ϴּƹ£ƽȵ»ҵƻ֮µķޣκŮ˾ܾңҺ񶼲ܴ졣ֻ߼㡣
һ޳ܵ˶еأԣܾңҺܴ죬Ҳһ㲻
װϣ漴ǣ֣ζؿС㣬ҰЩ
һ룬ܼͩҵĶٶס£ûһСʱҪӡ
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һº͵ļӣôڲء
ϱ֤ǵĲ鷿ǣұҪＸСʱ
ŮѲңܹˣֲȥ
˵ڲڣǣʵڵڡЩ飬ˣ군ˣʿС㣬˵ǲǣ
ػͲ󣬱ôһôҲ
˼һûü˵ʲôأЯŮѣ¥ȥ
Сϱһ˼׷ڸ磬Ԥȥ
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Сϱȥ
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ɲֻʼ㣬˵ģ

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Ŀɨȥɫⲻǣֵܣ˼һӣ顣
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Ҫ֣ҿ֡
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СкǦʵԣ΢ð״ӣû°ࡣкĳгϰ࣬ˣ°ˡ
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ʻһӶһЩϱĿ䲻ðһ䣬˯ŶΪұ۾û㿴·
ڶ䣺˴ſڣͣһ¡
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סСϸ˳룬ֱؿ⣬Ҫڽǰͣһ£ʵϣסˡ
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껹䣬ȵ˾ճ˵ҪͣĳʱԶ䡣
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ԭ˱Ҳߵݿڣ΢âһ㲻߽ȥ߽һռȥ߼ֵӦ졣
Ů˾ǿˡ
Ȼ䣬ĽŲת˺š
һƬڰӾϴڣĳһŵ̲ζˮζ
ˡ̵ӽй¶˱˴˵ܡҵر˴˴䣬оöë׾ȼˡ
ǣˣ㱧ңòãμΡ
ס˵һиˣ룬ص˿أƷȫǱܵζ
μΣҡȥ̼ĸ첲ѾأԸأĲ
˿ڻᡭ
ڰִ߼ֻ˿ڣǵסĻҪ˽߼΄ٷһΣҾ͸̫ϡ
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ӵͻȻüO@ĴȥָüʧҲԼ
ϥȥȡҲɵ㡣
Ӧڰ۾ܿ˴ˡ
ֱۣ΢΢μΣҲܾҡ
΢ʪĶֱԼһ³׹ڽ֮ϣ˵
ؽʱеĸйٶģˣʹȫܳ͸
Ψһ͸ǣܻ˿һ˺ѡ


42 5.5
ѧǻ΄ʱ˵Ļ嶯֮ǰҪ˼˼һ˼вУ
Сʲô¶˼˼ģǵö۰
Ȼĳ˼΄仰ǰ¶һӵط˴ף˭˿̣ɲڣ˼˼ģԶ
㹻ˡ
ƽյ塣
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μΣ
йڳأֻƣһǼǣۣۡ
ü˵ʲôʲôԡ
һŻǳƣ˱ײ֮µţһȺ

㸦˼Ӧ֣ҧָ
̶Ļơ
Сܺͱ˷˫ۣȴҪơ
;ȥӣƣݵǷʹ棬˭ڱ˴˶ߡ
Ҧʦ˵ǹ
ǽسţĳˣǹ
¿㣬ʧǵأ񱻽ˮ¡
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ϢѹƵǡ
Ƚ䣬ǰ꣬ɱһ
յĿռ㣬ϣ̾Ҽ尾˵ᣬȴСɽѹ
μΣ˼ŮŮ档淭Ƹ֣Ѻͷѹָɽ¡
׵˵κȻ
ۣ벻ߵһֻǺ٬Ĳܲˣ԰ƮƮ㹻յؽӻػȥ
ϣϢۣˡ
ĿٶŴϵ񣬹ʹȥǲȼд֣壬һöӡҴҸȥ
㹻üּۣڽζ̩̹˺öӡ
ʹˣŮġ
ĳˮǸˣûͷʱ黰ڶ
ڳϵͶǰ츳͵ӡʫˡͬһļ㣬μΣҪ.㡣
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شûдĲֻõ档
ĽŲͷҲص˵Ҫ
Ҳô·㣬ô·ȥϴ˺ɣ

ʵĳ֭ζͷĳ֭ݸȵ㣬Ҳ̫ãѪǵ͡
ŻعͷˮﶯԵӯ
ӹĳ֭һһںȵñȺ档
΢ӿţţڱϿˮǰĺۼһƬһû׼ࡣ
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˼Ҫҳԣĳ˲ΪȻ˵һĶ
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ԡ۵ĳ֪ὨͷĴУٸˣУǹļ£ҰֲЩ꣬زҵЩǽıջծǷ㣬˶ǽǽ˭ǮԼڴˡ
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
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лҪ˵
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лͶ׹ȼһֱ۵Сɰǣһֱл£ػǣôü.


43 5.6
գϣϯλֱĮʱһӡ
ĳƷƵĴࡣ
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Բֱ֣ڳϹȥԶҵ񡢹ܶЩ⣬ĳ
ŮʶŮ˵⣬ѽⲻѣСϰô£Ϳࣿ
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44 5.7
ˣ԰ԡ
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꣬ЦʱĲѽҪʰգ㻹ãŶվŮˣʶʰԼˡ
Ȼ΄˵ˣСѼĽ졣
߼ƯĲ񻰡û̻ƯŮǼʣ
Դ˲ÿɷ
ѧУ̻𣬼ĵ̶óˣסȥСϺȣϰҪͷƿӻǶ˾վºȡ
꣬ѵõ߼ڵǰҽԺһʲôûˣҲĸͷˡ
ĸ׵ĹԢǮڲ岻Ĺϵֻһ£ͩͷķˣ軨á
ڸκǮƻûҪ
ȻʵȷʵˡǼԼĬģĬӵʼͺ޷ڵˡ
ǣһ㲻ϡ
ûײҲҪ뿪ġԳʧȥһףΨһͶһǸˡ
̹ϣվӰһʣӼˡ
֮һУ˵ûҲΪ
һ̺˵Ϊ
ϣصæŶĽ졣Ǽһοӵ̣нǵģŴҲôʵ
Űڱѧ˺þã¶ˡ
ǵһ뷢Ц
˵ʦջͷʱ򣬶Щȥء
һǶ硣ٻͷΪУҪһ˳Էллʦǣͷͼɣµطûʲô棬ҲУ⡣
ͷһȥϯʱϥǻдǵʦһĻиˣ
˼Щɺ
뿪Ǹл·Ǹ߼к˵⣺Ӽġ
ʱ䲻ߵ㡣
վһɣ£֦Ҷï䣬ѾгĹµˡ
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㿴ĳˣ¹ڳվ£ժһδĹӣüۼߡ

ĹӣֽĿģ㡣
ĳ˵ҹ󣬽޲·ǡ
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㾪զĻȻٹЦǣ֣͵ߣ¼ͷĿȥ㲻̸ˣҲˡ
ĵSУһҹ󣬾Ϳ
ϲһ仰ǿ
Ļ㶵վǣֲҪˣ
˵أôè͵ſˣš͵زϿڡ
һΣҵøͼ˵һ
á
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Ļ͸īˮɫǣ³ʱӭ˺ҵķζ
һһĴͷİﰶϡ
ڼ˵ԭֻ߿ͧҲԿ
ĴжǼٵģ½߼getִǶζ
ǴҪϴܼµһңһֱ⣬һڳסȫڴϡ
ǽҪêߣ˵һ·ȥ
ǻҪȥ¼£Y֣ȰҪˣһ㲻/ֻΪһϷԡ
ģҽС찲ųӸ½ߡ
ʱϰȥСͼͷ

һϧûӦ˵Ѷɳɳ졣
ݸӵȥ
ĳ׽֣Ȥ㣬ɷ紵ŮåʡȥڣֱӶأ
ǲǣ
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ڼǵӰĺء
Ůûһ
˵ǸԩͷΪô࣬ȻﵽǵǸӴͨȳˡ
ϨĻĹ۸У
Ůôĸ֡
ϷʣŶΪ˴죬ֶ֪
㣺ֺҪ
߼Ĺ۸йգŮԵĽӽܹЩŮȥêд߼ΪìܵĴ䣬
һǾֹǳģһжġ
ȻֻΪ䡣
Լ֣ǽԼһеĿʼ
ֻǿϧ½ˡ
秵ģһ㣬êд
ż㣬ԣҲê
ΪռҪȥ£˵ʲôû֣ǣ/֮µ⣬ʲôû˵ǣԼȥ
£٬߼ǸĬʿмڶڣֱӶ֡
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ĴæϵĻϸЬ
ǣʱеΪ˻ԡһ·˺üҵĴŵǰܿҲúܳƽһĻ
ϵŵƣһɫĹš
һǣһ߳崬ϵߺȣѹ˩βвУ
Ĺܾϴ͸ͣ
ϵܲӲæװšʮˣųҹͬڱң׸ԶˣԪⷿ棬ļᣬʵġҲǽŻᵽܶģʱӴ׳ϯᣬƾ˵϶׺ЩüۼûЩݸ߲ȵ͵ľ򣬺˭кļҳ̸
Ǹ콭/ѵӡ
绰ܣ˵Ҫһˮ·ܻأСĳֱǰף档
Ӹ绨жúܡ
ӱܸԲЩæԹûѽĻһԵ㣿
ͷСʳѾϴˡ
Լʡܷ˱ɩӵĺ⣬Щˣʹˣ˵ϴ֣ܿѵûᵽɩɩЩʳ͵ġ
ϻÿܺȾơҲܶ⣬СϵĲˣ»յæҴҵģżʾԷ
Ҳҹ˴˼ꤡ
иŮŸ߿ꡣشססڴ˼ҳסûʲôӦоС
ɩɩһۿܶŮĹϵ˴纮ʱк㣬СҪҪѽпյ
˵ɩɩԼŮҪءһǰӡ󣬶ߣҲŮ̫ˣȫϸءôУ
΢Щͣˡοɩӣʲôʲô£Ȼִ˺ͺˡ
ߣһۼ㣬ȻȥλȸСҲòȥ
ܷһЦˣһڶĻƤצⶫѺÿӼаɼвסͽðɣΪ顣
ôһִ̻֮£ɴ಻ˡ
ϣêպϴĵطܼŮжױͼϴ˰ٻصװǰʱһֶдĲ裬һӭ統ؼ̡
ȥǰֽʢĲȻصݸǽѣΪȲֽװĲ裬νҹ͵Ļȡ
Ҳдֻ̡ǵίСҼѾͷպһˡɩĴ˵Ǹ˯
ЩؿĹؾǿŮͬ
˼ҡ
ûϰסѴϵøɺЩҧ̵Ҫ㲻شС֣ס
Ҳ˯ġ
ǰԷСӰᵽװϣӲһøɣһ·Уصˮ΢Ĳۡ
īˮ죬κ˿޶Ͳ˵ɫҡҡ׹ڶ
ΪǵĴڶ
һиض
ˮĺϣûӡϵˣӡеǺӲ٣
ſµǿպʧظУͬߵˣķ顣
߿Ź⣬·Ѻڰȫ£

ôߵۣ
šΪһиոպáʱ˺͵š
һԵŷΪʲôĳôƽ͵سǸǰûЩѪˡ
ڴŮ˵˼ʹϵ
õʱĺã
ǷʱҲԹ֡
ԭÿǵˣһ˲˲վϵˡЩЦȥĿ⣬ƮƮĻ˿ղƲµǣոĥʲô
ĥͷпǡģӾп׹ͷϡ
ηֵˣ˸ţҲ׹ԭժͷϵǵģ֪ɼתȥYǰקЩ
߼Ŀ⣬⴩еĺϣع¶ֲж˵ױʵûʲôʱ£Ͷĳ֮ģֵʱǻ㱣СʮǰС
ԣԸǸϱƭС
СŤˣҲδйκĵڡ£˾ߵԤУģĿվϵ΢΢ףɢŵĳ䴽䴽ˣᵽôҲͷ绨ѩմϱߡ
ɰΧǽĽ
ɫʡ
ǣҧ˼/£ιƵģң
ĵķ磬ϸڵĺϣʱʱԾȥĶΪش
ҹȴǱܵİȫٲźš
üϵ˯أҵĹزƣͬô죿
Ժ˯Σлͷɻ˯
ܿ˷Ҫȥ˯ɡľøҪ
ȥ˯ˣ㱻ˮ̡ȥô죿СʱºӣЩ˾˵ˮ̡èרСӡ
ãã˵㻹е¡һ˴š
ҲһȥİĴ˯
Ը˼Сʱֱǰףƽ˺ϣЩ΢գѾҫĿۡ
ѵʱˣ鵽ּ㣬ȷˣ
ȥ˯
ʱ˯ϣ㰫һЩСϡ̰˯ıܣȫſȥˣͷ
ɩɩѾ緹ˣڼװ϶Ըһҹզ࣬˵ѽ
µĻǷִҲǹ˵Ρ
ɩɩ¯ӣ¯ȵʵӣûôأµͳˡ
кӺСȥϴҲû緹ձǶ磬ǰڰɡ
ʹӦ£˵ܶ겻ˡ
ʱϴҪʱ´ȥ
һඹգʲô߼㣺ȥңߣҲûһ䣬Է
סѧʣԼ˵ģ˺ͺġôԷ
ְҲᡣ㵢˼ϯ
˵ǸŮһᡣ
Уͷʱһèһżӣֱ͵߼ſڣҲû÷һԡ
ϡһӣ
㲻ңô֪ϡϡ
ʱǰ
֪ľ仰˵òãеˣ߶ˡ
վڴرߣˣӣ޾군˼Ϊôأ
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ܵĴûȫСͧˡ
ʱһҹҴҾסܶлҸİæʽ´ȥǰɩɩصغŮ缸䣬˵Ժ󻹿Сء
ո߿Ĺɬ󣬶࿴һΪ飬ôŸֳ
СͧϣֽӼǰҪɩɩ˵ٻᡣݸɩɩҲףСá
漴ҧµĳʵЦЦŪ֣ʲôСã˼Һ
˵գʹ˵ٻᡣ
ͧҵķ˶һӾ˰
СڰϵŽϱ
һȥСӼSǡ
ʱִ٣Ѽͻسϣ˱紵ݡ·Щǽ塣˵ȥƵʰһ¼̳˵ͷͣգСȥúù磬¸Ҵ绰
۾ģǸղźϾס紵ĺ׻ҲҪ˵Ҫװ
˷ųţӺͼ˵˰ȴ֪δУһͨ
ǰͼ˵ģҴδǸյ򡭡
Ǵɩɩզ࣬ѽ
ѽѽȫ顣
ΪԼףȭȭ֣̥һ߰ˡ
ˣĳèζ
׽ס紵ӰķܴҲܳȫ֧ˣܵȥ˵
˼ĵһסعЮüΣȻе㼱еݵعֵҶȥˡ
ѿ֮Ű˸Ƴȥˣִϳš
*
Цͷ뽻С켸ʱСóģˣ
Ŷ׷Ůˣ˸ܶȣƾʲôѽ
ƾϻؿеĳӣҸ㸶һ롣
һأС첻
Լ취̧ͷûڱ㣡ϱԹһ
СϱŮѺģһͷֲˣ˵İƭС
ţϷԡ


45 5.8
лҪ˵
1.ѣһθºһԼҼĸ·ʽ
2.ҷҵǿ֢ˣ»9ڵĶηˣ
3.һ𷢵ģظðռΪӰдͶ¡
ױ㴩˻ûüȥϴ
ɼϡ
õ˳صʱϢû磬Ĭ̸ԼӦꡣ
ͷ˯һ˯Ѻ󣬳費֡ͷƣͿ˵׸ĿعǶ
С˵õõ塷дΡ񱣵ĵģ׹Ƕϵ̲ζԼû̻̣ȼʣµ̣ȼ
ȫȻ˼һϵǺܲõģǴġ
ӴͰǼ׹˹һֽ׼ȥϴ
һ˲е뷢Ц·ǻ˴ӼխƵĿռȥˣֽί档
³壬ڡ
΄ѵϰϢʱӵ֪ͨææñķ˼ˡ
й˵Ľڣζ·һž۷
ĳ΄һ뵽ģȥϣ΄³ʱЦôİ񡣡
ûνһ˵һСſڵϷӣҶҲȥ˸֡ϰߥۡ
΄ϡ漫ˡϡҲ⸱ףɱ˺ĵӡμδӲϡʺͲεġ
һʵ߼μΣȥҽԺҾ֪ǵļμǵ·ˡ
µвһġˣҲˡԸķ䡣
һת½ֵһͿҲϲǰһļμΡ
̧ͷ΄磬׿ϵζҲֻͣܰǼ㴫Ⱦôӵ
΄óҽ̬ȣһζ̰ҪģõǳŽӽӵ
ǰļΪ̤ȵһͷĺ
ǰԺӣſϵѣܶˣѾܶû˼ſڹҰˡ
XʵҲϰסֻǼ治ЩסùԢ붼Щˣ⼮֮ȱЩ̻
ϻ鷿ֶ˭Ҳû˵˭ǣ¼ȥǰе¶ӣСʱûãһʱ䲻ǵĸøôǾ壬帺Ծҳǩ
Ѱϵűϵһʯϣ/ӵʱ򣬼˰ѡ
ףֶ̨ף˴ˡ
Ѿ΄߶һεϣֱ˻أʲô
΄𣺡˶ࡣ
ٷԵúǢ忪ĶϯᵽǱǮýȼü֮һѧƻȱһʽʦĵ롣
ΪվдǼ㣬˵Ǽ¶߼㣬ȤĻҲԲǵĹ
Դ˱̬ȡһһԴƻᣬҲһʱ࣬Ȧ޶ë
͸ף򲻹ͼĲԡ
΄ȫ֪ǰһϣҹ߼¡
˵ҹϷֻܶɵó
˵ϷʣҲȷʵ͹ۡȷʵ˼㡣
䣬ϯ϶ݼĳĬεĹϵܶǸĸȻȡˣվø򲻵õľֳִϣҲõıķû˼ŶһԷ
æųϣ굥˼㡣
չڣνѽڱ˼ס
綾ͷģֶͥԺ˵ʼ㣬ôûϵĸͷ
쵽׹ڡҲøȥͨ绰ġ
㿴˹ͷڵ̫ɹƣ
岢õһƸϳģĸסûʲôԭµġ
ִسĬ
һ˵ʹ㽫ˣҲԤ֪ͨĸͷ
ⲻˣǱƵüһ򲽡
ҲʱĴʱ˵ٻˡֲֻ֪ͨ㡣
ְҪڣðûôͰƵز
μΣ˲һɲģʲôҲԶһ˵ĴĻ˵Щίߣʼûп۾
϶ζסԣҲֹκˣǣĬĶ΢ͺȻᣬҲײȥˡ
΢еȻμκˣߣȻ֪ˡǸӣҲԼ
㳯̹ϣ꣬úܳʵСʱȵһ϶ܴصϴһ¶ˮζſڷϿдҵʱɾ׵ġ
壬ҲѵҡҲ֪Ϊʲôȷʵˡ˵ǰϵ¡
ִ˼㣬Լѡ񡣡
㸺εؿ塣
̾һְڣҲֻ㡣
ǰЩϣһͬźѽһˣŮѧ;ѧˣ׵زˣЪ˹븸ĸ
Ů߸ĸڽ֮ǰôѵԼĻ
ѻϷĽǵ׼ƷԼżҪѼһ۵ֽ
μΣڻСܲĸ顣һԿʱΪĸʲôʲô涼Ҫˡ
ҲǺܶйʽͥı硣ѧʶȫɣ˵ıܣҲ˵ıܣ
ܶͥޣڱ
ⲻ֪˵ĸҪԵİȡ
ҵʱʱתͷ㣬Ǽμܺö˶˵ذڣ֪Լ»ǵ¡
·ҪɹһеĽơֶ˴һĽ֪ȥ¼ºͷҪݵʱ򣬡һˡ
侲ؿ壬һܴϻֻۣګڱҪӦɽˣ
ʱĻش΄;ͬ飬ɲ˵ԣҲϲͼġ˵һ֮ʱ棬ϣǼμεġ湲ͬ塯
ͼ˫Ӯ˵ľӦҲǣõľ湲ͬ塣㲦㣬һĵذ㡢ϲ㣬ɵ磬ʼǽ£˵׵㣬һĲֵ
*
պع
ʷ壬һͬѧҪˣ˰ﲻ˵˸ɶԡ
һǸͬѧҲ㣬Сʱ򾭳ġ
ɶһ᳣̫̫ûӢʽ
װ⡣
Ӱ࣬һԼװ̴ùġ
ûϢŮҪôݣҪô˵Ҳװȥٷϻ·Ҷ׼ˡ
*
ȼԼСŵĺɫһװʱļ˵ҳ
Ů˵ĶׯȻǱġ
ٸͷӵİּ˴޹˿ͷţȻɵиġ
ӵŮǣ㲻⾪ȣʿյĿأ㻹СʱǸͷ߼
ɶúܷ裬ĻðҪôǰѳߴĶ̣Ҫôݸͽժ¡
ӦǾֻܺȾơ
ǼˣҲ˺üΣǰζúȾƵȥˣת̵ʱӵĹ۲Ӧˣ˵ôֵģ䲻׼ȾҪôʵش⣬Ҫô͸һ¡
ĿɿڴڱˣȦĴпˡ
ȵԼԤĵתˡˡ
ĻǴðգӵĹüѡһ
Ļѣһ⣿
ðգһdoiĶ绰㻳ˡ
Ẓ̇һȺʲô
˼رܣ۴иɴòشĻǾһ°ɣá
УˡԼ
ѡðա绰״̬֪Ŀǰڻس̵ķɻϣϣͨ绰ͨá
ཹͷȻͨˣţġ
ĸŹ£ǸѼϼܣһȺŮ˻ؿ
£
²š
·ɻеҪʱûʱ㡣ͷҲܰŵմմϲ˽ȥĳ˵dirty talkҪʼˡ
ϣҹȥǺúһ
ʮȵ£ðˣϵ˴˵⣬ȻҪֻ˵ˣ鼱֮£㻹Ҫ೤ʱ䣬Ұɡ
ԼĴðֻܵ⣬Ҳ˵ڡ
ĳ׽ϷʣΪЦܳһ⻹ˡ
ۼǸ۴Ҫֻˣ㼱Էҡ
һ룬ͨˡ
ĽͣðյЧҪ˵ˣҲŵġΪɶżǰ¡
ŶˣһdoiǼǰ¡


46 5.9
һߣź֪صǱʵеˡ
ƲźȣֻǺЩǵ
Ӻص磬ͷ˹˵Ҫȥ㣬ģˣ
΢׺ͿҲ֪
߼㣡ͷ
Ӧ䣺
ȷæˣ
ҿԷλ㡣
СʱӢʽһ룬һŮ˻ԴͰر˵ĵ¸С¼ǰһ뵥ǹƥ˴ˡ
֮˵ֱƿǰš
һŮ˵ֻѼӵĻⷿͱѼˡ׼Ӿѻ䣬û뵽ܶ
һȺŵĸСûʲô˵ģǼݶӵģȻҪΪһǲÿ˶иСӵΰ
һºѡ
ȦӾô󣬴޵룬Ҳֵţʺӣţ˸иСһ
ѽ׼оñ赽ޢָָûţ
ˡ̫̫ʵˣֻﶯʵ̫ˡһ˵һ߲ڽ﷢߼㡣
ɫغȺССĹǡ˵΢΢һƫͷٻصϣ˼ңǾþɳŮҲ
λ۴дһϮVվк˵Ӽģ
ɫˣĻðգѡ˴ðգû˼ҵϣʲôѡһڶã
ʱһֳֻڴ۴еĻ治ɫֻǰժݵ۴ǰƵ罻ǿɲСҿô죡
۴߳ȻһؿŶԷ·ʲôƵģ󣬹۴Ŀ֣ЦҲŲ͵֡
ߡ
ͷѯӣܴܲߣ
ԡȾưաƣߡ
ܶףɽ
漴ӻߣҪ׼ˮը/
СʱͼʶĻ룬һľҲΪѲˮδؾԵó⹷˵ľ
ۼӵķؼͶơƴ
ըһĭ
ֻƮƮѯȺŮˣϷˣ֮Ŷ
˵Ĺ򶼺ˡǴ
áĳԸ˵Ĺơӵ۸ǿ
ֱǣż뿪ʱ󵽣ײ˼һžƱĲŸǣδʱܺһȺϼһȾˣþΪ̫Сˡ
Ӻѹּǻ
ֹߡƷʾѡԼġ
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ֻȻĶϲЩʲôʻ롣
ķĵһ仰ұΪѣ㶼û̻ң
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ȹӺƯͷҲǣԭֻͷֻһԵ̷ɣû϶ͽ˿ɢЩ
ɴָᣬɢ˳
кһ̣ĸɢˡ
ԸҴ绰ֻǺ˶ľˣ
ǵĶעҪҸ˵һˣ㷴Ӧ
üһû˵ѽ
˵ʱ֤ݳ
û׼šĳ˵Ҳһʱֻǣǣ֣ٸˣΣû㻳еء
˵ʵڵģǸϲСˡ
ǣ֣˶˾ƣ˴˺ﶼоƾζԻ·̫Զˡ
šǰŶԡ˵ţһֺȻشȥŽż⿴ô绰ҹİɣ
ֻоı۰ǹ̵ġˮըıͿǵѩߣ뿴Ĵϣ񲻾մһǣһֻ־ס󣬡شҡ
ѵǼٵ߼Զ߰Уʻˡ
šңǲǼٵġ
ϴδȥ׹ԢܽҲھƵ곣׷ܽԭżס׹Ԣɴᵽס
ŮǺŤ
ƵǼҺ֪꣬ҹŵ㲻⣬¶LIVEֶڱݡ
Я³ʱȽķϤĺҺӢĸ裺
I was born to love you, I was born to love you.
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׷ȹӿǺºʪİٺ
˵ǰƻһعģΪͩпƤ̸գͷĿʱ̸£ԭҪȥġ
·ɱ˸ֲ
һ绰Щûһˡ
ͷܶ޳ܣҰŮѺ꣬ȥ밲ץʱ䣬Сʱ
ԣŵʱ򣬾Ѽ㣬ϧʱ䣬ֻСʱ
Щ٬Ȱȥ
ȥģ
ȥ̸Ƥ¡
ĳôȥ
յøˣϢΧŪ첻ٲرס󣬷·߻Ǽ̱ɢˡ
ö/١
ܰеܾɱù⾻
㳢ղƵعٱܵصͷȥסЩʲôŷּһ쳤ȹѼ
ѣˡ漴ɫִڵϷ̽˽ȥ
㱻鵽ˣ̾ˣĳʵҲӡ
̧ͷӵһֻۣЦ
صסüһ̵ưܳ
ӵ˱ǿǵˣǽǵĶˣת泯ǽȥǽO@Ķʧǣ
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ȴش˽в̾صײһ£ȻӵңĻǼٵģ
ǽһְֻǽϻȥס
ļٵģţ
Ųֻˡ
ԽˣԽķǡͷĿɭɭʧǡ
ײȹӱִֻڿĻء
ֱһֱֻۺ᳭ĿǰʱܻҲ飬Ҫ
Ц漴
˵ʲôʩΪһ£֧顣
쵰
Ҳǡ
һ룬˵ģֵͺ˳ͷ
ִˣִΪЩֻڴϡ
ǣȥϣһװȹ˵ΪѶԸʧȥԣȹӲҵģǼġ㲻׼Ūˡ
ˡĳ˲Ų̣ܽһµ˺Y
ûѵ߼þִԼѿ
ޱꡣߵһסĽţ֣ᴲ϶ǡ
ץһͷȥ
ٽʱ򣬱㹻´棬·պСǰ
㲻ʱѾ̲һˮˡ
ԲסԲס٬ĻԭΪ˳Ҳ˳ȥ
ĳ˻ڻζղſڵĸй١
żתȥ
˵͵͵طڴϣ˼еߵأ
쵰
ˣĳеĿķǡˣһϳ˵
ǣʩΪ߽թسͷ
Ȼյĸо
ٸۻ٬Щʲô
˵
׿ңҡ
溰ҵ֣׼ˡ
̲Ϳļ㣬ֱһҲϱѵס֣ݺݵҧֱϣ㡣
ŮˣϱӺⱲӶԵģʹԼҲ
һ˲ûķƷһС


47 5.10
ʵϣһû˵Сʱߡ
Լѣκ˶
Ͼ˶
׷ԼЪϢõģܶжԼġ
ͬĴƷ͵
ͷյ΢ĸСƣµļĻҲ񱩷ǰˮ̽ͷС㡣
ϣ
ǡʱûƢġ
ȥȥϴ裬˯۾ֱȥˡۻ㿴һֶһˮһֳŸС
ˮӱˮȡɴͶˮұ¿ˮ
ȡ
ĮȡЦȵ㣬е⡣
ıͶˮһʧˡӹӺһڣʲôʱߣ
Ȳˣҡͷץȥ͹һͨ
ȥ
һۣ
ʰȥˣʱЪˡ
һʱ޻
˼ǲǾԼջˮˣ
¡Ľɽ˵Ĵ󻰡
ĳ˿Цټ¡˯Ķϱ
ʲôʲôҪϴ裬ȳȥ
ҳȥҵĵطﶼȥ

һȥϴ裬һĻûѴˣ˵Ъˣ̳Ӫҵˣȥˡ
û·˱ʱûƢ
ȼʰ޺ԼѾ˹ܼҷʽĽͷ壬ඹСԪ
𻨵Ũ
ƫϱͨ͸Ŀ֣ϱزǽĻˣ̨뾳ͷɴϱһȴɳķҵع롣
ˬһͿ
㷴е£ⶥ¥Хķ
һҹʱ򣬼תĻҪȥһˡ
ߵһϮ˯ۣð׾˼·ˣ˳·˽ģ΄磬ĳ˻ñȼ΄˹ᡣ
ʵԸȫմߡ
뿪Sʮ꣬ͷʽͷ棬ܻͷ̫
㣬ҲԲ˶٣浽
ĳȴٳûӣٲҪˡ
ȥϵ̺У̵Ļɫƽ̽㣬ͷ˼
Ȼû˵ס湲ͬۡߵķܽϡ֪֮岻ǣűߵˡ
ıͼ֮ı̹
и£Զɽ^^ߣèͷӥҲҹжʳҹ^Ƕ
񣿡ζظĻ
ٱ߼ҲôĵȥھһЩ˲ϡ֪ˡ
СʱܶšϺͼӰӡͼ죬£˶
ôҳס
ǰ㿴չյĳˣе㲻죬λεͼġ
ඹԪףٳٲͣҪȥˡ
˵˯
û·
Ļûڡ
ףһ˰գ
˵˯߾Ƶֲ꣬˼¥֮ȥ·
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ȥĻ
Щеǲż˵ĻΪ˵Ļ
ģһٴȤǽǣǵҺĸꣿ
촽ư˵ְǾԻǱ˴ˣ
You deserve it.
³ı̺ЦȫҾϲӡ
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պդ绹ܶǰϯ
סֵͬţ̹̹Ľʡ
̫̫ĵãդݳһƱ
Ů޵ʱܶڳ粻٣̫̫һֱ顣̫̫СȦǰ̫̫̫͵˶
ԭĸ׹ġ
ĳʱ̫̫һյ裬ɢͨĵһѲ
Ҫ˵罻ݳƷҵ̫̫û׼ǰѺֻ֣Щ秵ĴʣӲס̫̫Ļ
ŵˣ˽Ĵ㡣
ŶԷ˳أŮѰЩֻ̨棬ᣬϲСõ⡣
̫̫ӿСãϲԽСӣһȺϰȡЦ
ܶɫŮ˵ĹʲôͶСá
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㵽ʱߵ㲻⣬īɫꡣ
ɡӣžͱǸε̫̫ڣû˵Ūøֲ
Ҫ裬ˣЩ秵Ķû׼ͬѼġ
߼Ͳͬˡ鵭ݵͶ̫̫Ƣ
͵һ
İΧĻ̨ģֱ۽᷿ʱŵһҵĲ㼰ɫŮ㣬üȻϣǵؽϵ۷·ˮĥʱ⣬ˮ˼ҵһͣӰбķǾҲ顣
һͨڴ磬Ӧŷ˵Ŀ⡣̫̫һۣ;СӺܳ£ȣ˵֪Ǹ²ɼ²ſڵˡ
Ԫ飬Ƕ˽ܼӵˣ˭Сޱߵļһˣһһ룬̫̫ϷԾҪôݲβҪôݡ
ԩҾװ
ܶԼϯǰ̫̫Цҽˣλ֪Ǳģ̻ǣˣҲ޹⣬ǲǣ
̫̫Ҫӣ˵첻ȥϧˡ
λ̫̫ҲЦЦҷԴˣβŮϲ
ܶߺ̫̫㵽ҲԸ裬ߵ
һѺ󣬵ֶ֪Ů
͡˵Ů߽ڵѧء߼ҵŮ˵Ҳ䡣
ʼö࣬˵١
͵Ůܻȥ
Լòľ飬ܾܽһЩ;
̫̫ҲףŮ⣬͡Ȱˣ»㣬ǲۣѽ
˵ŵԣʱô̭Ľɡ̫̫˵ǼŲɡиŮȶӳʲôʱ򶼵Ůĺܡͷ㣬ﶼӲһЩѽڴͭ˵ĵ
˵޵ϸڣϲϵʽƣԧĶҪġ
ѵò廰Ϊʲô
̫̫üĿؿ㣬˶ԧ˫ɶء
ǵģԧǳ˫ɶԣֲֻͣͣµİ£ԣǿǳ˫ɶԣԭһ˫ˡ
˵ôãֻ̫̫˵ô㸸ĸʲôģ
̨ڳһĸ겻˵೪ʶÿϵĻʾ
Ҹ׹ˡƷһĮش
ĸס̹˵ĸ븸ˣX
ֻſڵĵ֨ѽ˰ȣ˳ٵľǸ˵ýġ
˵ǸûлͷѾЩˣ
˽ŲٽЩ̫̫ܣһϳ׵ļ㡣
ǼԭXǵ˾ꡣ
ߵʱ껹Ϸԣгٻᡣ
Ӳ֪Sˡ
ĸǣĸ̨̫̫ϵŮǵ׵ã˵û㣬ƯҶˡ
̫̫⣬꣬ʶģ
ʶġ㵱ײȥʵϰҪҲʲ֦λ
˵ˣھĬƤ
ֻû뵽ǣ¶ˮԵݲݰˡ
˾Ĭλϣãƴе㲻ȥ͸͸
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Ŵһİ̤ſ򣬰벽ͷ
Ȼ
㣬SǣҪ
㲢ϾͩԺյܼ˦ʮֲֹ
¥˿ع˶һΡԭͷģͷһѵľӣճԼǹǲĿġ
ĻȻ˴ûյ̡
ҲûʲôżûһҲһΡ
㲻ʱ꣬ҪѴǰ촷۷Ϊʲô
ȭ֣׵Ԥ¥ȥ
ɣǵ㸸ͩǵ׷
Ļ̨ϣ㲻ò䣬濴¥Ϸ̨꣬µˣǷ֮ôʱ֣ΪûɵмۣԼˣǮ㡣
վ˫ԹۡЩҪһαظôƣ
¿¥˴֮µ壬е㶮ˣ
ҪĸԸȥ


48 5.11
ĺá
Ƶ¥ܿSǵر˹޺˸һǵֽԡȻǽĻǰ꽭ϣûӰӡ
ĻǽӳӰӺߵŮֻȼúܿ죬һ˲͵ͷˣͽ̵١
ϲSǣ
ڲ׿ˣѵͣ˵˵ء
ڵԸ˵ػˡ
Ͷȡɣ˲ʧȥȤ̵پֱ׵̺ϣֳӦţϲ
˵ǣҲ˵ˡ
µĸ¥ֽģ˵ι̣˵ҵشʵ
ôʵĵطҪøȥƽ
˵ʹϷʹÿһԴ
һǣ̻ˣۼŸ¥ص̣ˮҲĻҷɡ
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ͷѾʮһˡ
˾ƾƾ֣ϵľɢòˡԶûнֻǵżװ̨̫ͬÿϳ
Ԫѵôͨƣ϶ִҪߣҲգ˵ˣֻϲˡ
һֻ۱һֻ۰ˡ
ϵĸЦƵҲŸͣ˵϶ȦӮȫ乫
ԸˡλͬӮóȫԭλ
ĿյԪͷ˼˳ĻԤµ׷˴ͷϲ̫ƽ̨磬չֵõЩӡ
Ԫ϶˼ҹζࡣ¸ﾹЩ٬ТæŻȥ߼ҵŮˡ
ȨסץСԪԼϿƷʣȻһһ룬϶䣬赽ڻûˬֻһʱǹٵ⣬ġ
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Ҫ˵㻶ϲôŶСͷҲͷҪӡ
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УͷóɵĻԪӣ㲻ܾ߼ҵŮֻǼġױˡͷȥ
һңиİ͹ˡ
֮˭˵ʹ
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ΪԿף˵˭˴Կϣͷˡ
ָƽС죬ߡ
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¼µǼ죬ڷ֧ʣһݵظӣ˵㡣
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Сʱϲһ˴￴棬ʣȫεĿ֯ϲһĸоûӣȵҲػЩ
£룬ϵ˯ȹ˯ţϥйŰһ㣬˷ز¡
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ʵҡͷ
ôʱˡϿǣĮǣɲУ̫̫⽻㽫ⲻ˵ճ
ܵͣϵľŨ
мҪǮϵ˾ţ༰ġ
ڴߵһףһ⴦Ѿмˣ𣬸ƵƲϡֻһޣҲֻ˰Ǯ⴦ݽ衣
ǲ𲻶ˡ
ķˣ
ͷ̫㳡ҵȺŶĳ˵Ļ̱ˡ
ѻǣͷƽĿǣ·ʱӣȷʵϲЩ̫̫˵飬˵ʲôҲֵġμΣұҵ罻Ȧʲôţ
ҹȻһϢ䣬ŵͻȻͷԵ˽ͷ䵽򢴦ž쵽Ծ
Ϻ̣Ƿˡ
ʵһŶϣһ浧һ̽¶ȣճô
յеͿˣشŵĻʲôǡľ棬˱ˣǾʱӳġ
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˵ʺ˼Ҳϲһصˡ£Ź̵ˣɴයǣӲӳָʲôϵ
ֻ߼ûϢˣǲǣ
ϥϣĿԣᣬ
ܵȥʶر£ףϵͽֳĬȻ̧ͷ˵ʲô䲻ڵСһ
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׹С˸ûſڣŶ㻹û߰á
˵ţѾˣɻȥ
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ǸЩƣӰӰ´£С͵ҳϵó˵ġ
ûϱʱСĻЩκһŮѻ߰¶ûڹùùøĵزùÿסҲĮԹ۵ؿŶߵŮȥ
Сʵڲ룬ùô뱲̣ͷϱΪĸַľ棬
һ˲С㵱˵ʲô룬ϱʧ
СìܣһŹùͷ
һ棬ϱʵڴ
Ҳ֪׼ֵֵϱ
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ʱҪһʵļزͷԱ뿪ˣСԤ¥ȥʱ
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Сٴһǰһ¥ʱϱѾѣһӾӼ˵Ծŵ˲ȤǰЩŮҪ֪ôʮТҪɱˡ
û˼ЩѰͷ̫̫͵㶫˵¥ݣŲᣬ˭ˣ
¥ĵƻصģҪһ졣СںֻĵͲգй⣬ʱһĨڣ˾˾С߶
Ҳȥʲô¡
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УھǸƨ¶̻ԽСԽҶ졣
˵⣬ˣŤͷк뿪죬סСӵĲӡҹģϱС죬赽ûпİүˣô˵Զôߴߴء
Сϱסǰߣڮٰ飬ʲôⶫڡ
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һ죬ȥͩǡ
ְִǰҽԺסԺһ΄ͬ˵㡣
ոսļ΄翴¥ͷļ㣬Щ⡣
ЦڰҵҽǮء
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˳ĸ磬ѪԵϵġ㷴˼ûа취
ĵһѧڽĶ죬ΪҹѰҶ磬ռ쵢ˣסԺʱյ־塣
ǰµסԺãĸ׵ĹԢǸڹϣҪǮ
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ƫƫ߼㣬㸸ԶûĸС
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ʲô㣬ģ
ȴڼö
һʵǰѾŭˣ˵ҶԲɣҸҪģʵҲ㣬Լδϲõ
ΪӦ
ͷβûйֹҲûк޹
һǼԼĹԼʧԼ
ԭΪѾȥˣûУһжˡ
ʵҲǣǼִƲ徭ϵѰְֵķӳڣͷһввĸԸߵǰȥ
΄磬ȥһˣҿ԰ĻְǱʸҪ׷ӡ
֪΄ʡ
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˵뵽ʲôǰЩȥʺ̫̫£Ҳûģ⻰͸쵼cueһָˣܹ
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ͨٻͷʱԼĳϵСץųϵķֽɡ
Ϊϱĳټȵذ͵ĵز쭳ˣвټء
˻Ȼ
سǵ·ϣ绰ͨͷڣԭصң߼ҶһǾˡҲ֤Ǹϼһꡣ
һСʱڸ߼ϣ߼ĳһ복ͷұĳǰ
𳵵˲ͣѰȫ³ֱļʻ߼΄ڸϡ
ú˵߼΄ɱڵӣһ³ ӣ侲㣡
̯ô侲˵ţŒY³
μȨҪԼķӡһƢļ΄ҲŻˣȥʲôЩ¡
УŭѣĿ䵽ϣǳ΄˵ģȥô߼΄ʲôʱ׵Ʒˣ
ģǺˡɷ׵һޱ٬ҿǺˣҲǡ㣬ûһӸðҰ죡
߼°ͣ׾֮һѸˣ仨Ŀںմڱ˴˴ߡ
ҲæſYż־ҪԼϴ
ظղż΄Ļޱ侲Ҳޱ΢ֻûҰְֵķӡΪҵʧŪˡ
ˡǰĮͷμΣûк˵ôڸ㣬һֱıľǿƤѾˡS֮ǰҾ̸ĿΪ㣬ҸҪ
ҪǶǰҷ𡣡
лҪ˵
ĺãƽ.ӡ

0625ľ䡣


49 5.12
ҷ
˵⻰ʱ·Ȼ͸ǲ㺣¥ˡ
Ŀں챻仨ˣԲӣǱƫƫʲô˵ĻҲǴþѻ
ղŵĻǿ䣺ͷظ֪飬㣬֪ζʲô
ζƬҲϷظҵ̼⳥ǲκ־ΪתƵġ
ʱ֮ǰ
λĳأY㵽ü֮£Ϊӣ᲻֪飿
㣬ǰҲ֪߽ݽ
죬صһΣô׻ˡ
߼΄һˣĺøֻܶԸӣңԸСˣ
㱾ܵ˲Ҳ
ʼհ򵥻ˣֻǲǷħˡ
ħ˾֣ҪǼ٣ʼǸһأԲԣѡҳеĵڡ
Ը߽̲;ȥ
һ¯̵ҵǵüѪģʱ̣˵صĻԼȻʣ衣
ȥǰˣٲʵˣٿĪ硣
ȲķڣǼģ̧֣ĸϵĿںգ·Ҫ޵ĻֻԼҲʧǵˣӴһ̿ʼͺûйϵˣƤҲǲ־Ϊתƣ
ˣ㸸׵ˡ
߼㣬㻹ҪͿʲôʱ򣡡
һ룬ɹŭҲ֮ǰһס
ӣκ˳û롣
ҪȥȥԵҵΪĸ׵ѣǲֻһ˵ķܴ㣻
㸸׵׷ӣ㻹ܲ׷ͷ
˵գЯϳܾܾһϢ䣬ʲôˣҪ
Զļ΄翴㣬ʹļףң㵱μʲô
ֵʲôһ̣߼΄ֻ˵ЩЩº󿴹ٵĻӪĵ£һϡᣬǡǡΪˣŻᱻƵ
׷Ҫסˣ뿴׷ӵ֮ǰҺҲŵ
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Ȼ͸Ľʾϡ
䣬ҿ裬³Ľʱֻòڣһëϣɢϡ
̴㣬Ƚͷƽ֪ʦ㳷߰ɣЩ꣬ʼŲЩҸŷȻҶǼĵһžʲô
˵ţĳֽҵϵȽüĮк³Ȳ裬ʱĻСĸ죬죬ˡ
˵˵
³ǸˡЦװֱɲȻС㣬󱳲ֱЩ
³̣ˣعһ࣬νǰĿǴܸаģͩǵǿƤĿ˵˾ǹҵ
Ǩֻյһ֡
βǶ⹫бܼ꣬ҵĵزΪͩǱƷƣ³ı˭ףѡļʺܴ󣬴󵽼Ĭϰ϶
³ĺʵ÷кλϷ塣
бǰһۣڵĻƽȣȴҴӸﵽûȫ֣Щϳӣ̸ɡҲÿ͸Ƥ⽻ײ࣬㻹ָĺģ;͵ж͵ľѡ
ֻһ㣬ܶ˲Ǹ˰գҲҪȥȲ衣
ҲϲЩС˵³ģǿƤǨ־Ͳ鷳ˡ
³ļ/ɫͺˣ¶ˡ
ҵ˽³ȥġ
ˣ㱭ӵ谸ȥؿ᰸ϣûͣסֱȥؿ
ǰС챨ĺֶ̫̫ͷ˾ڣҿزļңͬΪˣЯ³ĺܶĿ
ֻ³ͷ޼Ǳң޼ͷ˺󣬶ٶЩȹϵҲмһ
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³ĵεشԼܣȶˣȶˣ³İԼðͰ죬뵽һϷʻܳôĹ䣬ܣҵȶ˺˵ġ
ţվţ棬ʻ˵ʲôˣ
³˾ᣬʲôûУ
㣬յûа·ո֪飿
С
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ŶӦһˣ˵иҵ֪Ҫûˣö֮عƳۣΪʲôΪ
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֪Сһ룬ʻջĿ⣬ȥĴ仰Сûȥˡ
ӵ۵ǮгҲǸˣвģĳˡ
һ䣬³ģ⣬͸һֲĵݸǧַСƫƫѡʵģĸŮѣһŮ
֮ףҵ㡣
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յ߼㻯ŵױٺӢ΢һױݣͳĵ˺ʶ
ָġüۡʧȥںɫʵ촽
ûлͷԤױȥǸˣ
㱻סЩ΢һ㶯⶯촽˽ǵҧֱˡ
˴˵һϢ
֪һ»㻹
ᡣҲһֱ
Ĵҧ÷죬ֻѰְֵķû
òģ֪Ҳ߽Ȧ׵ԭ򡣡ּʼտŮ֮µĻء
ؾǣֻҪиһӣͻлɳˣ
㣬𽥲ʳ㡣
ҲԣҲʳķµģ
üһͣ漴˼㣬ǰλã
ϡ
ݺݵͷ㳢ȫ㣬ãĪزż׼ҺΪһ̸
˵Ļɵ弫ˣưݺһǣĳֻǵαϡ΢ΪļˣĿȫ
ԡйҪͷӶҪˡǵģμΣԼҲţҳıôõ£ò׵ȵͷˣлͷģ
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O@䣬ָƹҲǳͷż㿹ܵʹǲǣ
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ΪҲĻΣ
߼ûģƹ¶ȴʲôͼ
ס㣬ҸôҪ
ѿǷĺ캢ƭ˹̨ʱѾס
̴
˿ʮ¶ܸһУûеͷΪ֪ԼȥԼʱ䡢ĶǡııֻҪ㹻Ӫ
ˣݵһ߹ͷȴӶϣһЩ׵ĻμΣңһʱһаҷڵλϹ
ûУ£뵽΄Ҳ벻ңΪҶԣվǸˡ
Բԣ
㱻ĥͷܿʲô䦿¿ϣĿա
סҡͷ㣬Ҫ
˵㰮ҡ
û뵽ģֻѷҪϣ˵
˵㰮ҡ඼Ҫ
һ׿ڸ㡣ʱ㻹ԸԸ㡣˵ԻǲԸʹ
ʲô
㣬ְֵķûˣκʲôˡ
μΣҲǸ˵֡
Ȼ䣬˴˶ˡб㣬ϹñαһŷŸɫĲһӦȫɨȥѣϣ.ˡ
μΣ˵ʲôţ˵һϣȫɢˣǼȫǺ¶죬Ҹ񡣡ʽᣬа׼ʱ䣬Ųִ١
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ڶ
ڶ㡣
˵湲ͬ壬ǹͬ
ŵָʲô
ΪԵʣ
ǵô룿ΪΪ㡣
ﻹгأ̹ǹ볾֮׵һˡ
ʮÿԸһĻ
ôϣǼ㡣
صߣԼߡ
н״ԣǸˣҪѱˣĻġ
úܼ򵥵ģֻǷŲûˣˣһ»Ѿ
棬޳ɾ͸Сǵģ湲ͬ壬ôĿǰΪֹ׵ҲΨмܷ½ģԹͬ塣
ʼ㣬Ը
ΧǱû壬
ǣЯǵˣ㹻
ڿԶԿ֮
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ͬµ·һϵ̺֯ϣصİ̺֯һ˫ˣ
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ۣܸе̴йԼ壬ÿһ䶼ޱȳʵ
޴ѡ
Ը
ţ
ٰһιһ¯̴㣬һ顣õǸʣ㰮ҡ
Ӧˣ޳ˣһ̣ӽһĤ̾
Ů㡣
лҪ˵
һ6.0ʱ󷨡


50 6.1
һ꣬Ԫ£ͩǡ
̵ڷϣϸбѵĺۼĵ룬˾ͽ˵ҿȵֻ꣬мһˡ
ɭ˵ġƴһ͵ֱߡ
һȵһġ˾ͽٵˣΪϰ壬һҪԵȵ
Ǽ꣬첻ڿȣǵǻϰֵ
˾ͽ㰲ʱ˵ϰֵҲֵسƱˡ
㲻ۼشΪܿ͹ˣʢ֮¡
ϵĿȶҶҲ꣬Ŀλʱһȶʱϰӹ̨ﴫ㿴ǰǰۡ
УС㣬顣
ŷ֣ȳ˿ˣͻǱ飬ڰ̨ˡ
ȥõʱϰϸϸһϮɫסܷ촽ŮˡСŮ˴ְҵװ˵һ˵ǸС
Ů˸һ˲Ѿǵˡ
ǶˣǷСݡԼŰ֮⡣
͸¶ŷݾ֮µ롣
黹ֽӵģϰ忴ָϸɸɾͻʦȶͩͻţԼǵ΢ţҲԹע
ݸллסôͩǵġ
˾ͽʱ򣬼Բǰ
ʲôأ
һкϰ壬ˣһͷ˾ͽҵĽָˡ
˾ͽȻļٵġ
ġҲˡ
ǵý񳯳ŵʱûд
˾ͽˡȻ²Ǻüʮ·ˡ
öָʯʵ࣬һֱϡΪϲǸӺͿʽ
ָģʽѡġ
˵˾ͽһҲˣͩǻطÿͻ˳Լ˾ͽȿȡ
ǰʱ䣬˾ͽְ˸ͻֻǵϢһֱû̽˾ͽã˵һ㣬ְΪЪڼﲻ飬ܹƢЩ
㿴Ц
ڳҪɣ㿴ʱ䣬ϵҹʱ䣬˾ͽҪȥæ
Ҫڼҡ˾ͽ˵ؼĽָ˵̫̫ûûΣһû˺żأһ㵹ǺǸϹԽԽǶˣȥٺúء
š⣬㣬ڵÿ¡ء
һɴƮ˼䡣
˾ͽæŻȥĻһȥɡеӵˣ֪мҷϣ㲿ֱ㡣
ֻ˾ͽеԶˣҪȥ㲻֪ʲôʱʼҲѧܵ
ڼңǽ꣬˾ͽӡǺ֡һʵ治࣬ʹȻǸϹԲʣĵɫ
£ĵĲ£֮޹ء
˾ͽӡӵһδž￪ˡ
ͷİţʱɱʱQ&Aش
Ǽ忴ȥˣɹҲ䲻Ŷ롣
ɵȢ
㵱˾ͽҪˡ
˾ͽãȻ»֮˵ʲôпܣ
ܵ˼ǣе裬ڲ֮ľ޻ڡ˵֮ҴӦˡ
˾ͽΪ֮£ĳӺա
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׿԰쵽ģһû׼
ǵȥ⻪תһȦҪ󣬰ݹһ¯̴㡢108顣
ӴûãʹӦ顣
綼ΪɽܼĹʲıûҶ˶Ů׼ҡ
ҲӸ͵֮ǰõõļ̳йȨ
ʢһʵѸ
ۣжڮ١
ΪӣԼ
˾ͽЦ̫̫̫ҰˣԶ罻˵쿪ġǵסǰԺֲֲľԺ١ÿǷӴԺҲ̶꣬˾ͽżȥ㣬ǱȻСׯ԰
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ԷҪϱķչСڵӡ
޾ϸϰ߷½ǣ㲻ϰߣϰ߼ʱʱ̿иڡ
飬ŲҸͷҪϱķ򷢻ͩլͷˡ
¡ŲΪԼӵһ˳ˣǼʮסֻǻʱֱʼ㣬ǶԷʲôĵط
˲ͶڿԸģƲϸ¿Խ̣
˳ôæؼûôС
ϲԣֻ˵Ǿ÷̻ҲͷǶٵ
ƫƫĺĺ˵һصģиڼڡ㶮֣ڣҾ͸Ųڡ
أֱǿ׳
ǹֶӻ룬ʵʻΪ⡣ôǾͲԷ˼ġģⲻˡ
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Լ΢ʣһ߼ҵ׺Ԫһ̫̫մף
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Ҫġƫƫܼүûϡ
ϾŮ鳤֮µǵ£߼ҡޡԶ
֮£ܼվõͷͶõĹɷݣҲʲծԱİ顣
ÿطЩ΢ðԪĮͷӵã
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˷ĽһΪһ塣
Ӱ˼ΣǺ£ҲֻҪʮ֮ڵİΣһζֻˡ
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Ҳճͥ飬ػ̻̻Ŀŵϼ㿪ڣԼϡ
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ҪˣǼ㡣
ŵ÷ǲᣬֻΪֳˣ⼱𷹵ӣѲ˻Ƿӳɻ顣
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ϣ벻ߣëǮϹϵȷʵģǣ״ֵüƵģл˵²ᣬôֵλ
Ҫһ㣬ҲһֱĵġǼи·ˣʹ죬Ӱء
ȥ·ϣͺֱŤʲô¶ûڡ
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֣ԴǣʵʵǲϲиˣŲ
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Ҳôһ㣬ɴȥ׽֣ҲԼ֡
߼볷ƫãϺš˰ѡ
۵ĳֻ˻ǰͷЩõ˾ЩʲôҲֻװͿ
ֱ˽˼ţؿڸЬʱûףʲô
˯ǰֽһء
Ϊϴּ䣬ͰǸˡ
סһ𣬲ŻŴܶϸڡ
Щϸڣڻģҡ
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һļڼûдЬĸȻÿ𴲣ԶûЬˣ
ñ䶨ڻʦǶλȻΪ߼ļ룬˾͸һģҲ
ǰôģ
ǰڡ
ҪȥͰϡ
ĳѾˣҪǣɡ
ɵĺǣͷӵϣеů㰮ôô
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ԼĻױϣпںĿԣ
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һ濪һ渽ֹͣɣתһ£Sһ
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òѵЩȽڣӣҪҪԶ
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ܲ˵¥ȥԡ
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óָʱǰʲôడҹĳ
ǣĳ˷ưسһ棬Ҳӷӹָ
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Ǿ仰ô˵ţҪȥͷϾ͵ô̡˵ľϿӲ֡
µָĳĿ룬治ǸҳԵ
ȥǺ䣬ٸȥ̴䣬ɳʮָ⣬˵Ҫԣ¥»кôһأҪҶ֪߼ҵӵһͶ·
ۣ
ӶָϵĴֵָ̽βģʵҶˡ
ĳʢŵƻ𣬳Ͽ֪Ⱑ


51 6.2
ǹġ
ܼͩǵլԪµĸ֮޵ġ
ϲϣƽĶۣϲϷӡ
ԺӽɫʻȤʮܼңſױ߹۹㡣
һƬϣŨص¡
ذѳԿյĶֶڴߣ˵䣬Ҫۣ
ϵƣϴͷĵñȰոЩȻӣļˣ粻ƫУȵȫȻûĵ׼Լиˡ
һĽţ˴
һûϴû£档
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С̤ϵ˹ûãСʳоˡ
¥ʱСϱˣ
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ΪЩæŰϲ£ȫûʳˣҪסϺȫûСϱС죬һˣȥԵġ
СԹôҲ˸ôô
ѵûϰļӣСȥأҪǺ˾ƣԼһˣһ찡ɩҲˣ
ãѾԼĿڹɩӡ
ʳǰǰ˳ʳϺ棬еĹ࣬ʳ
ȫڴϣһ©ϲϣһֹ̫ˡ
ĳϺȣڣɿ̱ˣ˭һС㿴ţԼͺͺ棬Եʲô
˵߼Զûġ
ߵ΢΢㶵ضʮ⾰ȥûб̭·ﱻҪһ򣬲Ϩͨȼ
ҧ棬˿Ϣüǰ
ڹؼʱƻ棬ʱӣԣ
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Ǹˣ㲻ΪѣԼһ˫Ůûٵء
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̫̫Ҹġʲôɵģ˾ͽ˵ŮЩȡһҲˡ
Ӿˣ˾ͽͼҲ޼˾ͽ˵ܶϹ֣ЩʲôǿǿùԼӣ
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ңԹۿóĸӱϵͲԣһ紵ݶͳ˼ʼٸߡ
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ͻأĺѴʡΪĹӸʵڲ׵λ塣
ɴǰ磬ҲӦԷ
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ͷٿʱˣһȥա˵ǽѾ֣벻ż󲮸óԶٷӦӦֵúܡ
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꣬ĳ˹ꡢĴڣ١ϵӸǲټżҴɩʲôʲôȻˣټٵģû
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𣬡ȥƹˡ
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վʢ飬ֻøǽԹռ⣬˹ͷϾˣ˵ȥڻԼѡ
˾ͽûԶ˳˵ܼʲôûŶֵôÿÿ㣬ֻҲǻء
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ƸչһѲڼֺģҪ㷿ӵ֡ƵζһŶõŨͷ⣬ſߵţΪֻŸ߽ű߹Ҫͼһ
ѲֻӦһαϣƻҳĿǺͼ˵Ҳ˵϶ڷ³ϴ԰̵ģֻȢ㣬ҵͦġĸԣԽŸɵԽǲʲôƫʲô
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⻰ûѽŶһԪһĸףǰѽַɵ³
ⲻ˼Ȼܼӣͬˮ
Ҳ̹֡Ȼӹ˻ͷСʱȥ½ǶȻ½ѡм
Ŷʹɩ¯¸ˡ
ĳһĿǣȻ
ؼʱ̣֣˳Ʒסֻܳڣ˾ͽǱأҹȥһ£Ҳþò˾ͽˡ
ĶԻϯ塣ֻλС̫̫ٯ֮ظܶ˾ͽְǰЩӿסԺģæҲ۾۵ġ
ҳҲ߷硣
ƫͷִ⣬Ҳֻһص˾ͽ
ûã̫̫иˡ
ʱɫŨī˪ãѾ΢ס˾ͽ˾ƣ˾˾ͽСؼңԼ㿪
ǰǰ˲ƣ˾ͽٻʱѾеˣػأҪ˾ͽҸţһ仰ظ˺ü顣
˾ͽͷҲòȥͼ֡
ĳڱϱʮĿͣӾҲȥ˼ҵĳܾء
ѼŪϳ
۰ȫʱĵİɣûȥľָ
㲻Ҳϡ۰ȫԼӹȫôҲԲǸס
ȥ죬һ绰ûĵ绰Ҳ䴦
ʲôʲô㵽׺ʲôҲ˯ˣҿֱ
һԲϾ䱩첻첻ģⲻҪ
ΪǸͰǣ˵ھͻȥһٴΣ˰ɣ
ֻһ㣬˵Ҫͼǿһ¡
㲻Ȼأ׼ôغ˵
ϵƷϹ˵˵ʲôʲôȡκ˶
ҹأǲУ˭֪᲻
ʲôѽ˶ģൽȥˣȥ֮µ
˻վڳ⣬ݵĳҲûϣҼ㣬Ϣճ䣬Ҽȥüһ˻ûأƨûȣҴ绰˵ء
˵һǲǴĵģ̸أ쵰һ
ƾ̲ζԼˮζմЩˮӦò˵ġ
ĥ䣬΢ļѵõСԣϵҲϲ
һĳζҲȥϵȻҲմ˵̲ζͣͷǹԴס˼ۡĳ˲ѻѻѹһǣղϯϺȵˮζ˼ľ
Ů˲Ŵ㲻ĺۼ˵Ĺֱӻȥóˡ
Ϻ˰ѣå
˲ֻۣ
ؼҡĳˣ㻹㲻Ҵˡ
ĳ˰ѷ¸ǼϣҽҪ̫̫˾
ӳͷƵʻϣŴŷ磬һżֻĳй¶һСθ裺
Ĭʱ
ʱ
ĬıеĿ
лҪ˵
עĩǶθʳܼƻġİ顷


52 6.3
㵽Һһ¾¥䡢ñ䡢ױ̨Ϸ䵹ң
ûջ
ʲô
ױ̨ǰĵϣھ￴ˣ֣صظָˡ

ǸۣҪ֪ˣҪؼң
ö䣬õġǻȴִöָԽǺٴָͷϴ̫࣬׸
ҲҪǶԶԽڼױ̨Ͼõҡ
˵²Ҫѻοģֻ߼㡣
ԽʽҲǽ䡣
㲻Ҫ˴䣬ЩͷϣЩ
ǵöָűͶģڴβϽѣûν֪㣬Ͷˣͷ
Ҳһˡе١
ģɰѱ߽߱ǽǵѰ˸顣߼ԶɫҴһȹ󿴣ݵһܰס
Ӵβӵϵذϣĳص죬Ӱȥ
ɣ˾ͽ绰㡣ԷҶϴˣʼǵûָҵ
ûСױ̨ǰ˲Ӧôһ䣬ӰӾÿͷȴڣϢǰһ룬ĳ˾׼ҧû˳
Ϊǵӵûüԣôˣ˾ͽ˾ͽ軹ڵ绰ͷлл㣬˵Ϊǡ
ͷļЩѿΪ֪˾ͽɫ顣
ͨֻ˳˵ţлȥ˾ͽ̫̫
ڼߣ粢磬ҴҰѵ绰꣬ԽԽˡ
˲ҡ
ֻҲʱöָ
һϣϵױȥ˺Щǰ£ȴֱµᣬ桢
סֱ¶ָŷ֣Ϳ˼ͣӣҵֺ졣
ҲֻͿһɫͿһʱϴʱظСƢԡ
̫ˣΪƫɫϡĿʻ
ֱȥ䣬ŨʱԵùֶࡣ
л˵
˵
ȥ䡣ϴ̨ǰɴˮϣ˵л˵
˵ˮһȥ߻꣬׽סֻס
ִƲ֣Ҫ̨ϴ衣
ĳе㲻ʣǲˣ
ʱһ㣬񣬿ץСǺܶ˵ģŵȱ㡣
ʮ߼㣬Ψʱ򣬳ĬҲ̶ȵĳʵ
΢ǸƵȥϵˮգҲһġ˾ͽΪֵڡΪ̫̫ûɲ˽̹ԣú̸̸ºǰ¡
˵ºڿݣҪʲôӦ
*
ԣǸƴɡ
ʵæתҵĸо
ʲô.Ȼ
صǰǸ⣬㸸ĸʲô
˴ϴ꣬ѵڴϿױ̨ǰļͷմżͷϸµؾõƽĿǣԴ𣬡ˡ
˵ۼ⣬ʵˡ
ֻŰ裬һ˸еı鵽ӵĵλϡ
ĸҲô롣
ʸڱϻֻǵ٩Ψ㲻ϲȥһ⡣
вϣΪ⿴㡭
ҡĿƶֺĮ
һϮɫ˯£ˮҲ˵Ĵ
һ䣬ȥӣžױ̨ϣô˵Ĵˣ
Ҹ䣬ǡۼˣҲżˡ
͸ɳһƸӣѶסɳ㾡
˵⼸ҲǺõġ侲һ룬侲һ룬ΪӣûУȥ룬ʹȻ
ȥ룬Ͳˡ
ܼҵˣһûз䣬͸ȥˡ
Ҳ㲻ʵǣ㲻ڡݲñ˵ĸܡ
㷢ˣ費ģҲпԭ˵öԣʮˣǺ޾ηġ
òŶһǷһǮĴκξηġ
ǻڣůû˵Ͽϴˮ裬ģ°һϣܸоϵ
˵ľɢ̵̣Ĺײᱻκ˴ơǴʱѰǸԼ̶ϵˡԭϣߵˣԵִ֡
ִҲĮִĮˡ
غһ
СأȴĺХ
Լϣϵ㲨ζһģ̾һΪǺʲô˵
÷̻㰤ϵ¶ȣҲࡣ
㲻ǳԲġ
Եù߾ˡ
΢΢ӣ״ŶԼίСϱ̫̫Ĵˣ
Ҫĳ˲ϣһʱѿֻƹˤҲù趥ĺáĸӲҪԭͲͷʲô¶ǨŭͷҸί
úܣӡ
ô죿ǰԵˣʲô˵һ֪Ů֮ĥٲƫ̻㣬˼Ҫ˳ˣҪԸҹˡ
ҲҪϵľŵ㣬ͷɣŨ纣壬ִԸôº繵ضˡ
ҪĳڰӲУŮԶĵĵҵһôͶأ
Ͷֱصҧ˲ѿٺ˵£ٹĹʲҪͷԼУҺĥϻ˵ʲô㲻Ҫ졣
ʼվö࣬һİ̲Ǹʡ¡
˵ôãĶġ
۾ĳֻܸĿڣɣ˺Ǵ̨ͷҿޡ
ϣõĳĬΪ˶㹻ġ
վϥˣʲôָʾ쵼
㲻˵ֻ΢㹻ֻϢ˾ͽ˵绰󷢵ģˡ
ǰʼ㣬֪˾ͽʲô
۾ʲôôʱ֪˼ҽʲô֡û˵
ĳۣʮĮҳû˵ʱ
˾ͽ㿰˵꣬ĳ˳䣬ױֱ̨ȥ
˱ˣʲôʲôҹʲôأ
ֻ㣬һʱ̵ıֱŤҾˡ
߼쵰ÿЬôߣŪĿں졣
˵һٴͰǵģھȥ
ȥ
ѼӵϣԼվڴߣ׿ϣ̵ܻ
»ڼױ߿ʼֱȥĳϣ־ŹͷͶʲô
ʮǰʱ򣬾벻㡭
ʲôĳҪڼЩ٬
Ĭȥȥʶϵơ
ӿһˡذָյߣе裬ܲ˵ҧסüʹ˿ڡ
סղȻĻ벻õ㶼ˡ
ССԵʣٵĸйΪİ
߼Զķǣ˭ңǹ̡
΢ļ㣬հԵľͷҰ
Ūתͼһʱʹ죬෴ö֮ദ֮֣ȡõ
ҲԺֵЩȤǿǳʱȥǣ
һضǣ߼ŽˮǹĶ磬Ϊʱ޼£ɴˮǹ
μΣʲô
κ˽ֻ
ϲʧǡ־ʱʲô
˭
ֻһ𰸡
ߵ/Ҳᱻѱ
ڼ䵽̺ϵֻʱᶯϣħۿϵĺȥһ㳢ü㲻ʱ΢
Ƶ࣬ӵĵ绰׼ӣ
лҪ˵
˫ҪȥѵϲƣܹƸβˣҹеݣóȥ
һʱͽףĩ졣


53 6.4
ʽ׵ʱ嵥ʹ㣬Լͷģ
Ʋ»һ˻ͷĿʵΥŵͷμҲʵƽ֮£μһʱĻӱҲδ֪
ֶŮ㵱Ҫܼң
ƶػش壬ܼҡͷβͿֻ
á
ȥֳӦסֶˣܼδذٷְģ߼Ҳûƽ涸͵ķꡣ
һˣ궼Ƕ̸ģҪԪҺ˵˼ҵĻǰЭ顢Ʋ֤һӦȥ죬߼ҵŮҲͼЩǻǷһ棬һҲܲǼμεģǻ塣
ٽᡣ
Ȳ裬Ű׺ĲҶһûһüиֱ꣬ʽ壬˵ˣҲ˼ҵŮһۣͲˡ
ߵһĸԸƲָ
ĩˣȥǰĸͷԤô죿
һأܶû꣬˵㣬Ը֪ĸףҲӡҸ뷨ͷͶ˰ա
޶ֻĸĸƮƮط꣬Ǹ裬㲻ɽģ
ڰǰãԶһ۵Įþѿ˻
*
ͨ绰ģպ߼ҵļͥۻϣ굱¡
ǰXҴ绰
ңǼĸٻͷ游ͨ绰˵Ǽ̲ãϵëгһ˴Ԫ
Ǹ׵˼ǣͷŮüŮȥ̽һ¡
䣬˸ĿӱˣӣһѪҪ󣬻Ǽĸ׵˼
ļ΄Ҳ΢£һۼ㣬ٻصϡ΄Ϊҽÿռǧϰٵ˼伲࣬˵ʵЩ߶ݰУǼμεĸף˻ûԣһ
ʲô𣿡΄ʡ
úܡƳһѣɾ˹ϵҲûأĸôǿԿһ£Ҫţҿɲأʱ򱼹ȥһ˭˵ȥ
ĸͷѾֱˡ
ǰֻXǵʱ򣬼ѾˣSֻ꣬Ƭû
Ϣ͸գʼûоϡ
˼ǣܽͽ⣬̸ĸŮһô󲡣ѳɶ֣㣬û׼Ѿǵͷˡ
ϯϣᣬ޷ȥһˣʲôԹڣ˵ıڴǰˡ
һüĳϯյĶͷΣ㻹Ҫķɱģ߼ҵӶЩյĺʲˣѾһڼҲˣȴֱߵģԼȥЮ곤һüûЮס
󿰿ˡ
ӣҪԵĻгԲĵߣ˵źһΣҲùˣԹĿӾֱ鵽Ȼָ˭ͱˡ
ѵʲôѽ
죬ҲùЩָʹ
ʱ䳤ˣԽԽĻëңƫִռ
÷˵΄磬϶ȥߴʲô
˵Ĳ
ܻXǲ
ֱĿ죬δصԡ࣬ӲĸͷڣðĹүҲǴʴʵֻ͡
ڼǰ˵ųӣƤϱĳ֭ɵۣ޿޲ɣˣʵҲδȥ
ˡһûͷû֧Ĺȥ
ϣص磬תĲ飬ͬΪŮˣ̫ժһζʲô˵ʹƭ˵ġ
ûö⣬Ҳʵ
˵ȥøȥ
ҡͷѳϣеڸոշȫ˳˻ȥһĻĵԭϣǼ㣬ô壻ֻͷţû׼ᱻø
ԵĳĬųϰɫľ硣ԣĵһӦǾܾܾȥǽмѿԴͷ
һӷֵҲ㹻ᡣ
ȴ˲֮µĲСʱü㲻úߵһ飬ֿ˵ԵƫִĻڼҲû䵽ʲôãһѩ̿һ˪
ѩ̿žģʲôʱ˪ʲôġ
˽ûĶ٣ߵˡ̿Ѱ˪ˡ
ǻҪĶãһ䵥ʼ㣬ǽЪ
İɫ磬سȥɣ컹ᣬûȥУһߵķԸ塣
Һ󣬼㵱רæĹ鷿һãġ
ϰһ¥ƫճıʼǱͻе̶̱㺰˻һ¥רŵıķң㣬ŶǻڵҪʢȡ
գˣľͲˡ⣬̣ҿյ͵ůڱάޣӴһŹˣҪǩֵά޵ͷ£һͷǩֻشǡ
̻ǻˣһӦˣ˵ȫɼ㴦ˣĹʡ
̫̫ͷšӵ֣Ŷӵʳӡ̣ҲҪ˵㻹֪϶Ƣûĸ˹ȥ֪ʲô
ǮõλˣȻô
λС̫̫˵ûݸ߲ȵͰɣ㹻䣬ƫƫԽԽǨ
ýĽȫ̱ԹۣûüˣΪŮ˸еš
̼СһԸһԸļƣҲ˵ˣʢ춹ԹԻԼˡ
*
ϲشǰǰ칫ɽҹͷǺڣڤ
̵Ļеõ÷ɿ졣
ʱ˫ĸӡĬķʽУһ顣
ʱڿϣĴִαϣĵǣΪ˯ˡ
߽ƣﻹץˮɫʣע
վӺ棬ĸķԸ壿
ϵǳǳش𣬡̫̫ܵĿͻ豸չлоԺֵ쵼дġ
˵Ե̫̫㣬ΪӢĺãೡǶȥǽ飬̫̫⣬˸强θ㡣
Ū÷̫̫ܿˣ̫̫罻ָ㡣
ιһ׺춹ȣֱף˴˹ִؼ֡
һڣߣæµʱҴӲġ
Űĳ˰Ѻ춹鵽˵罻ţͩǺӷǶס¥ڷⶥˣԼͷԷؼҹҲȥ
ӷ˵ľǼ㸸״ǰյǸС
ڱ滮һҵȦкӷһͼܼҽġ
˵δпա
˲ʱӣϵ˴Ӱǰתƹַŷ֣Ȼˣ
ﻹŷԸ壬£߲ʣϣü۾ظ֪ҲְǿصκϢ
μΣҲȥ
ֱֱʱ䳤ˣеմȾϰԡ
һ㲻㡣
Ŀ֮ϵĳˣ΢΢ۣľЩ뵡룬е죬μΣʼҾ͵һˣһˣ˺ǡǡ˶ԡ


54 6.5
ļûʲô仯ա嵽
ǣֻһ˵Ļһ֮Ů
ŮС
дȥɳͷ߼Ӳʦͨͷͨ󣬷ʦɷӣԷϵô죿Գġ
һ㣬ʮϸе
λϴ˯ʦ٩٩̸
ϻиСһζֻƬ
һֻӹֻ˼ɾƬ׷ݵɾɻָö֮ôǣ㲻ģҲþͬ⣬Ŷˣþͬ⡣
˵¹ڳװģˮ̲ݵζǳʱɽảԳĽ.Ϣ˰ֻϣ黹״ȴޱȰϷŪС̯˫ڽӡ
һ֣ԭת޻
߼㻹ǸܹһڳأȥֹŲӻ۵һ￴磬վ
Ĭĵ
淭־Աȿȣͷϵļ㺰ֻûˣҪæȥǰ̨һ籦
ƽһν޹籦ֶϸ֦ĩڶϰ˵ллˣӹʱϡƽĿǣлл
ܳʱ䶼Ϊˡ巶Χõˡ
֮һ㲻̫̫
ҲΪллؼҳ˲ٿͷ
-
һԱ˵Я̫̫ϯûɶ̫̫ĵ
ͬѡ·СҪ̫̫ˡ
¾ǰ˵ллʱǿͷǹ
塰ǡ֣춹ļ̣벻˵÷̳ײ˸νžߡ
޶ԣӪ̣ûΪѵĵ
˼أֻĹûԸ
ۣ롣

ӦǣҾǡ
ȹСŵģȻˡ˾лл֪ģȥ߰ȥ򾲵úܣָժһŪˣҲϲҲȥˡ
֪Ϊˣһ򲻰ЩϣÿҪϯӲ
ҧ䣬㲻׼Ķġ
˵Ų׹һ˲ˣҪˣںͿõģŪ˳ȥѿѽ
ѧƽյСָߵߣ㱻ֵе㲻ͷҧһڡ
ĳЦ漴ջֻ֣£󣬡ˡ
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̫̫ŮŮϺӣ棬һǵ档
ԭĸʵĳϣǲøģһζʢԼܶ꣬죬߼㣬Űúܣ˵޳ȥŮóȥˮǸ԰ʳ˵񻰡
һϮɫȹƤףĵöϡϵθӵ촽Ҳϸ˿ްᣬʵ̫̫˭ϲúܣҪ׿㼸䣬˵䣬Կ
޼㣬һ׺͸ú׵ˡ
㲻Ϊ˵俪Ļ;ǸԲڵˣ
ҲΪ㼸ģΪ֪Ǹˡ
Ļŷֲ߶㣬һ
ܼϱһʱԴ÷зҲǷǣ޷ǾǣҲǸʡ͵ĵƣ仰˵װ׵ĹҲؼ𷹵ļ޸ܼңһͼ»һͼһݡ
棬ȴԼĹ˲٣ѧЩ̫̫Ȧ˵ļףǹȦŷGirls help Girls.
˵ԭæûʱģ˵⣬ƽ෽罻İ˽СӵúܣȥǻҸ˵鵢鵽ʱʯˣ
˳ĻӦţһû̫̫ᣬɫҲһֱܺõġ
ȼ߰꣬˵ϳЩҪǿúܡԹҲŮԸĸԵ˳ӡ
ٿοҪģǻָܻܿģҲ
ǵء¹ҲҪЩˣ簲Щ
źƱҡҷоƣźɫҺұһʱڣܾǱѪĿ
ŮƵʱɼϲȥļĽƣ˵ڵʱСþ۾ۣҪҲЩƵ壬ЩŮ˲ء
ܶһ־һǮ׾СվڼֱߣЦؽӹĻţǶԵģһ׮¡
ܶǿڼϣܶëǮϵûá
бѾѲƹȥˣϾλ̫̫󱲣벻ߣôûУңҾ
̫̫λҲȤСڣ˵һ𳤴֣ǲһػضӶý
ףŶ÷ѧǻŮѵİҼǵòǼ㰡
ǻСѣ̸
ܣרҵ̨ܶ˵ЩķծͲټˡ
ͣý㣬˰ɣ
Ƿܣʲô档ҿˡ˵ţ
Цȥˡ
漴һȦһһλ̫̫
һûͼȣ̫̫أ
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˵ãǼзִ磬ǺȵЩͷˡ
Էֱʱż֣˵пճ磬ôСŮǹȦˣð
οԼŮ񲣬ǳⲻ񻰣˻ˣôŵ
̫̫ԲɷСͶԵҪͷ˵ʲô
ȥ֣εεĽϿҪŮЩŮŪϳȥƵ궼֪ˡ
ʲô
ҹ£ͣ½пҹ顣˵üĵ۰ϣҸĸһ߶һŲ׷ŮŮ·𿴵һƽʱա
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££ףȥɡ
·ϣϢҲ̫̫⽻壬˽ҲҪŮ硣̫̫տܻС
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صҺʹҴ¥ˣжȥһȹױݣϴ˸ˮ衣
ޱ̳ʱѾеˣӵִ٣ÿ궬Ҫð
ۣʲôι
Ǹ˱Ŀ֡һ
Щ˿˿ðĿֺ󣬺񻹲Ҫǿ
ԭûʲôģģǿûӰˣڹִҡ
һϵ⣬վǣ.
˴˶̣һ.һ˻
μΣǸСӡçײȴʸ
ޱ޼ʵ͡Ţɺ޼ˣ̵壬˵һ㲻ͷѼŪˣСʱ۹ִ߼ŪˣȥΪǣѾʴˡ
ƾʲôҪҪ
ŪĶ⣬˼ء
߽˼㣬ѵĴһѿЩͷˡ
ҧļϣҡͷҲˣ˵Լ裬ܼˡ
ܡ
гǧϰٵɿԲͷǵвһ
Щû˸ˡˣͷԶϵˣϵҲһĽᡣ
Ĳκ͵Ů˸ȥһ/ߵʹ಻
˵ǸСиģмġ
ʼ޶ԡ
ˣҪڼﱳһӡ
ٱκ˵İˣְֵѾغˡ

ҲףμΡ
ֻҪ㡣ֻߣʳǣǣ޹ңСʱһеļ㡣
ϧѣѣҲѡ
һ֮鵽׼ס
ϣ㣬ֻ˶Ҫˡ
𣿰
ҲԼ͸ˣֻסóһС
ȻֻҰҲӶ᲻ҪѪģ
ůһҵ⣬ٺϻƺ󺨳Ⱥ.Ϣ֯һͬǱӱĿ֣ڣ׹ŷˮӡ
ֹһι㣬ǷĻ˵èǺᡣ
ãʪЭҲţæͷƺҪѲ
Сȥû˵ǻXǣȥòҲҪ
μΣӦңȥأ


55 6.6
ʮǰXǣҡʢĺ迣ζ
ζйЩûǡ
Ǽ޳
ٻʱףһЩѩϵ˺Щʱ䡣ںһζС죬Ҫѩ첻Ҫ쳵
ůһϮɫ޴£̽أ׿⣬˰һͽĨš
СϱͼͲˣһˣϱҪ岻Զúܡ
ǰ粽룬˾ͻ
СԾͷǶǣСͷȰϱ˵ɩȥ㾡ƾ
ڰǰ̣ǶһļҪǩֺ׼ڳ﷭ӡһ淭һСһۣףҲȥǲǸƾ
СͷŲϱߣƲ˼ңϡõ˼ҵĹүǵɩӵ裬Ҫ䲻ǵġ
յȼԣһʱµģ²֪鵽ȥˣǩֱɷǩ
ۼϰһʱǰĶ˶֮صúܡСϱϼͻըԴӼҽ޲ķҲɮ붨⣬󣬴˴򹤻Ϊ㡣
*
ǰͷ˸绰˵Ҫȥ̽ĸס
Ҷ漴ʹӦˣ˵ڻҽԺ۲ڣá
굽׶ͷĲΪЩʧȴûν̹ԣҪҲȥ
Ϊʲô
˼˻룬ظ䣬ҵĹȥйڡ
ӣû׼˦ӡ㲻Ը⿴ľҲԼľĿǣ룬ʮǰļǶرġ
μΣǻǺ꣬˴˶ûгأμأAAԷ㲻̯ע̸ֻ顣
˵ɥ㸸ĸΪʲôɢˣ̸ֻ飬ûʵغε
鵱ʱľø֧ȢӣȻôҵظûþͻˡ
˫нɱñ˴Ѫģ
¾μףܵԶ䣬ͿδЩһҲþ⾻ЩһͿȫ£ȻȥѰ£ʱͺˡ
Ҫ˵ɷ֣϶еģ˻תɻΪץסƺС
㣬˴˶ǶԷпϵ˵ǻ
ѼμΣ㣬Ƕ¾ٰ겻ֹΪһۣʵ͹дüҳֽ
μΣ㻹Ҫ̸ֻ
ߵģΪͲñܡжĵĶСӣ
*
ҽԺؿ⣬С체ͣãȥö
ϱʻӪƷ
ӳ״˵ˡ
СΪѣ֣ˡЩôȥˣҲЩֻԼҲȥĶһ
ЩʻӪƷʵڶ⡢ࡣ
ػſڣҸӣʮĹ⾰ް˿ĸߴҺ˥͵ĺۼóǸŷˡ
ȸ֣˵ؿڣ֪Ǽ㣬￴Ƭûʲô仯ʮӱȡ
ѺִʱС죬ʽʦʶ
ݺʦ߼㣬췢ֵкЩӲˣãֻǼ״̬˿ơ
˼ȥ
廹ϵˡʦ˵óĸŮﶼи
졣
ǰҽʦ˻õѶϢʦͷĲ룬ҵʶҪһ㣬ΪҪ赼
㿴λҽʦҲͱȼ΄糤˼꣬ݵ񡣺µҽͬһǸӡİְֺ
һᣬһһ˿һ˵۾˲н
治֪ĵϵһߵϵˣȻá
ڱϣŲ˽һҪҺļ¼һҩͼ
ʱĸŮδ
Ǽǰ֮
̧ͷҺһһ룬͵٣Ҳ㹻ǵ̸ꡣ
￪żʪĳɢ£ĳĬȴʼȲ
վǼȿ˿ڣŶɫñ֬δմӣ΢㶼ǲġ
ýġ
ǰļ𽻼裬ֻѵĺ
Զ޵ģȥǰ֬棬ȹ񻡣
ӡ˿մϱߡˣճģģ·ʱŻһ̵۵̵˴Ŀġ
˼෴Ϊỳ
ĮΪ˿̵ԼҲһʢᣬó
ҹȥЩ̫꣬ӷˣеˣ
ܶľͶա
-
蹫Ԣܳȥ˵˶һϡҲǼȥڣָ˶ˣһҲҪҵ
ҵʱÿһͷģѪҲġ
ΪȥһǣǸŮһʳܡ
ʧȥһӺһֱ꣬ı鶼ǱˮнԼ˸ˡ
ڱ˴֮ʣ»ˡ
ǸŮʼջججôҲûʰһĸ׵ϣ顣
ֹĳҹźȥ顣
ֵѧ˵Цѧʦ͵͵ģ繵ģŷĽ֮顣
Ӱൽһ𣬼ʱǼݺ˺ӵֱϡ
ʹ˶ӣʹļףٴŮСôԣǨŭӡ
㲻ţĿеİְֻ
淴ȻΪΪʲôԴҪ㡣
겻ֳ˶ûˣҪǷǡ
ǹٵģǲҵģǸųġ
浱ʱڿһѻѼͥ
һͷΪ̵ĹͷˣѪܳ˹ԢȥҶ磬ȥԼ
վųذԼŪˡ
Ϊ̫ѰˣԼǲǾͿʲô˼ˣ
ˣƤʵԼһࡣ
ججա
*
μΣֵˣ˵ļǶԵģЩ꣬ûߣҷʹġ
ڵľһذߡʱǿŮԼ׽߼һź·ǼҵĺӡԽ©Ǹ缺Խ
֮£вǡҴҵŮ˭ùȥˡ
ʼգûжԲְֻ֡ʮʱ֤˱˴Ǵġ
ΨһҪڵҵӣһδı棬һ˼ͥĿ
ԣ֮Ҳûϵ
Ϊ治ظˣǸջĴ
ڵ£漸ҹ޼¡
ͼ˵ǵϲ㣬νôֻҪԸߣĶ޷
һνꡣ
վ˼㡣
֮ѶϢڼ˵пˡΪ֪ص߼ңܲٳʲôͷˡ
һʼĹ鴦
ִϢ
µļ㣬ָ϶Ǹɸɾ治⣬ܵ˵ǰЩӣָŪˡ
ǸôˣһĸҲֱ۵⡣
Ӧӡ󣬻߶ܼͩңСʱͼ΄һġ
ҡͷʱӼģö˼ȦְֵЩͬҶǲˬ
ǵģְͬҲֻһ档
ְּ
ţһ档ûֻè
ϵƵƵͷְּͺˡ
֮õĳĬ
μΣ㰮𣿡ܶ꣬ûͩˮٵСҲ档
ļ㣬Ű䣬óһļǮ治ľãֻ㰮Է
ǰ廹ǣ󣬱˴˶޳Ҳ֪鵽ʲô壬ֻ֪һɵģڵģкܶܶëתͷҲľϲԾ
˵ô࣬ûҵһ׼Ĵףǰݡ
һˣ᲻ԾذݶԷŴŵ㣬ȱ㡣
ţó㿪ࡣһùѱɹɳ֮ˬࡣ
һҺͷˣһֱţҲһʱ˻ʿ塣
ҩʱ򣬻ʿ߳Ҫȷһ²㱨֡
ʿŮ
ǵġ
е񡣡
ݸԡ
һҩҲ˵ҪˣҪεģκʱ򡣡
ʦ˺ܺãϣ߸·
˵䣬ִóһп֮ǰһҺҸƽ̯ķúͻա
ա
һ棬ִٿʼִٽ̸ϹҲԭ¡
ǰ溰ĳ㣬Լһ㣬ȥˡ
Ŷ㾶ֱűᣬȻسҸ˵ٻᣬʢ͡
Ȼҡͷ಻ֻ΢΢ʦͰˡ
ΪҲ֪´ټò֪ڡ
*
С׷һظżĽŲɩӣ㡣
һٲݿڣ޳ɸˡ
һ˲䣬СɱֲϱܱԵء
üһ滨ꡣ
ƫһֲȰްɣ޳ʲôˣĵ
ȥ·ϣһδţļ㶸Ȼͣ
滹żѩ꣬С˵ϱȥصģֲá
Сʱֻèˣҵϡ
˵վһվ
ϲͣС⶯Ҫˣշֱ˭Ҫݲݷż˵ȥҸطͣóɩӣվվ۾ȥòã
϶ģٶˣֵð
Сȥãվ˱ߣһļ
гͣΪСȥͷһɫۺȻͣ
֮£룬
ڴӳɡ·ߵǰ
ɡ泯б統Ŀǣʱǲ࣬һվһȥˡ
лҪ˵
ǸáȫꡱֵʱҴſԿĵתȦȦ̲Իףһ£ȻҲVˡ
Ϊҿˡ
ȥ4£˼ֿĺ󣬺ܲԾдúܲ˳ͣˣĳһƪƪżɡ
żɡɶģƽǣְû߳ΩҲûǿĹȥûйİ¹⡣½βʵӵԿ׻ǸߣԶ˵ѹ
㡷ҵӰӣôҲš㡱߳һƪϷ΢΢𡷵ĶӦ֪͸׵ĺͽ⣬Ҳûоǰ;ͬ飬дܶǵŮûоǣԼĽȻ
ģȥǿ˾ȣԼ󣬲ŷ֣ˡ
-
Ǿ仰ϲ͵Ǹ£
ϲ͵¹ʵPeace.
-
ϣĵˣȆһء
Ŭɡ


56 6.7
㣬
ݺС
˿һҩһɬݽߵĹ⣬ȴҧԼĻһҲģκʱ򶼲ᶯͷ
ȰһֻèѣҪˣҪĻǿʮֻһֻ㡣
ỽ֣ٴӣѿڸޱ֣繲ࡣ
˱ߵЪ˹ҡͷǶ׵ģһϲ͸ҵġ
ǽˮŦۡ
ʱͷһЩ⣬ò㣬ͨﵩ㣬Ϊ㵿֪ġ
ʹˣѺϳʱøܵһ᲻ͷ
ǰǰһʱ䣬ڶûǧ˳룬ʼ
ЯȥϲŮǾƻ֮󣬼ڣԼݣǲǣ
ҺǸһģһи
ߣ綼϶ڵˣʵǡ
ĻѰٿĪˡ
ճյԻ룬ھһʱֲ壬Ҳ֣̾ر㣬㵽ҪôأףֻˣԲԣ

*
ʱ࣬ɡֻè͵ģ
óŵС죬ɡɿһĻ˲ʱ׺䶥Уⲻ˭˭
ϱ˲ĳ˵ĵףСǱϱȿϵġĳǸʲôɫ͵ԸϱѾждˡ
˵ģܵǰˡ
Сһڣȥڼ㿪ǰ廰ɩӣ۸ûȥˣ绹һȥء
ʾ̸ϣ׵ʾˡ߰ɣൢһ룬λүָϷʲôأ
ϲÿɷ
Ц䵭㣬֪һġֻû뵽һˡ
ԣڵ̫̫Լһ˵Ȩûˣ
С˵Ǻܾͺã
С죬ȥͻĮڡ
ѩմڼϺüϣ䣬̫ˣǻطȱٻȥ
С˵ʲôʶľģ㣬֪˵ʲô
ȻѶ
һ俧ȵ꣬ûʶԷΪʲô֪
ѾҪˣµĻ档
ִ⣬˵ĸԸǰһӡ
ļˣ
ôҲû뵽ⲻ⣬д˴𰸡
Ȼ˶е¹⡣
ʼ㣬Ȼô򵥣Ϊʲôһʱȥ
ܼͩңԪSкպʵҵҡ
ǰλ̫̫һӣ϶÷ΣҲУʮͷ͸ϵ³ϵ
Ӿ~̸ϣӵĻϵһһν̳ġ
𴩼㣬ʱȥҲǸٻ벻Ķӡ
ʱ˵ֺǰһ磬һ̫١
Ϊڴ֮ǰϲ㡣
˵밮ʵٴֱɵ˵ţۿõ룬ڼȥ֮ǰܼ϶һʱһû
ֻм䣬ûи顣
ԣʼգǼСѵĵ˼
ҲԵ÷޽Ե
˵ʲôմʪˮ챻ůˣʽ˵˵һ仰Щֻ꣬
˵Ĵ߽˼ҵİȥյľδعϳӡ
ǰϸ£ǰϰʪϵĿں졣˫ָϹͺͺأü۵ˮīһػһۣϸ΢Ҵʲôϳ衣
Ҳ֪Ĺȥ
ԣҵ֮ûлȥΪҲ֪
֪˵νǸſڵˣԼʱȥһɵˡ
ʱǲɵˡ
޸ɵˡ
ڼļ㣬ɴǰУǰ۵ֻèЦһյǳǳУСû̻˵һֻûĵСꡣ
СվɽȥˣɽѲΡ
θ֮¡Ψһĳ֪ʱ򣬶һ׵Ļϣ£ããֻš
ǳҲǺ
㣬䵽˵Ȧȥ
㸸Ƕ֪סˣֱֻǰһ棬
㣬ʵͦڵģڵ漾ȥͩǡȥͼǸʧĹ
һ̵ĳ󡣡
䲻˸ˡ
ͨĹִĮʱ룬Ĺö˶˵ڸ߽߼ҵ罻Ȧõ¡
ϧԸΥ
һ˽ɵˣаڣӲ粵
ֻϣԼġ
ղеĿģܻãҺ֮䣬ܲΪˡ
ÿҪȥ
㻹̫̫ԹԵ˵࣬㲻ظôһ䣬ǰͲ¥ʱͣ¹õ򣬴÷һӣ£ΪϨˣһ룬Ծ
ȼȼһӡ
֪ǣѺ̫̫־ӡҲǸĸ֮
Ȼһֽסˡ˺ƣصģ˽ģܡ
㻹̫̫
߷̫̫
ǰġΪԼӣԼһˮ˵ûԼ֪ʲôζ
ţҲҪţȦҲãıҲգĸԸġ
ΪǱˮԳңܸܵõҲ˵۾Ͷ䡣
Ըķ䡣ʱգĻҲߵȥ־͵ֽ⣬ôģôȥ
ˣĻ˵ˣִһź쳮ƱСǮ
ȥǰʮ߼ʽļͥ˵ǸΣѴǵĴ
ĸ룬ҽ󶼲κԵˡֻԵףáǣҵף԰á
ͬһһ˾ˡ
㣬λϵ˺תȥҴǰǷ㿴û
ǡ
һϮµļ㣬վѻȻ֮
*
ȥĸϣ粣һİ
ѩˣĳѩϧڽ
δС
һǼڿСֻԶӲȥˡ
绰ʱĻ֣СȺļһ
ͨ󣬳ͨͬڶĤϴġ
ʼ㣬ô𣿡ͷеصͣڿͻ顣
š
޹ĳ˵ڻǼΪӵ˽
š̹ȻسϣҲûΪ˵Сȥ˵ζͱˡ
ҲСĿġ
²Բڡ
ýԼǸڶߣղײգһжڶɹȥ

ͷŴӻ˵мһȸ˷
˵ת̫̫ġ
żͷĻȥ˺ţƤֽĿȻҵŨīزʣ
ˮϵһСʢĶڴͷͷűժһ̯ǡ
*
һСʱϱĳеֶɿڻᵱˡ
߶ɿڣķѩ
һɫѻ࣬«έѾǳɫӳֱһȥһ֪ǰС죬³
ֻǶݴһһϣ̤һСرѩѾЯһˡ
Сժȫͷ˵ʲôǱ֤
³ȥ
뿪ʶæ³ȥ
ǰһۼ㣬ö˶˵ؾڳиů紺
㣬ңһģ
ֻǲƭ㡣
ƭʲô

μΣĸףҪһ˰˵ģ¾εģ˵ţֲýԼһ˲˲
ҡԣŽСңԲԣ
˰ջŰԴȫǷӰӡ
ĻǾֱϼ㵽ԼϥϣǷʲô˼
μΣҰ߻ˣŻǰҵĻ߷硣
˵ʲôȫǵˣ
ߣҪҺһʹ죿
㱻ƫĵˣ֮ʣǯס䣬·סһϣO@䣬治üۣȴʮưϷʣ
μΣҴûʹ㣬Һ˭˵ϡ


57 6.8
䣬Ȼ˷һס
ͬסһֻԵèôأ˭֪צȶԸء
ɡҲμΣ˵Ҫҷġ
ǲԸ
㱻ڻͷϣᵽϵ̲ݺͳѩζ
ԭһ·ٻͷ˳ģִҪСֶɣ˵Ӽ㡣
ôһʱȲõӣ
ڻɾҲǰѩʢķ¡
漴㵭Įϣôش㣿
Сʱѡ˼·Զȴųʼ޵ܵģԻԵģʣµʤܶࡣ
Ȼ䣬һֱųֻʣABʵò⣬ֻäѡˡ
Ӯһʵһ
Ƶģ㣬˳̫̫ˣ㻹ϲ
ͷϵ˱ҭסˣһԱëҪڻǣһëʣ
µĽŦϣ˿˿ģ˵ĶûʲôҴģᡣҲȷ߼㣬һģֻҪԸҡ
ɣԼҲĽȥˡ
һ룬ص//˰ѣҲԼ𿪡
ҪҪͷһĵϡ
û˱߼óĬԿ֪ˣö˶˵ߣȴ䵽ǧ֮ȥˡ
һ㣬ɴཱུ³ĳ˳һ硣
Ƿ˵֪飬ɴཨðѻģһûҿԸڻȥ
ĳ˱ŭ峵Сߺĵ
һ·ϻͷﾲù졣شֻżţԹԵֻظ
С첻úÿȥؿλӾغײ˸š
ͬŲɲأæƿС룬ƣٳһ·񱼡
ϵĳˣغˣ뿪죬ϵĻƷŷŰɡ
һǻɣɩӿ
Сҧҧˣʲô£
û취ţҿǲǣ
Сÿǵ˵̸߰˰ˣʱûʱ̿֡
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뿪Ǵ粽ˣ粽㣬ѹˡ
ϵļ׿ĳ˲Ϊڣ뿴߶Сûзʱ
ûС㿴ϷĮһƳ漴ջĿ⡣·ˣ޹ء
ֱسǣؿ⣬һʱӺ³Ըʲôȥ
Сؽ˼ȥ̣ڡ
ؿһϵֻӡݣС죬˵ʲôˣ
СԶֻģҲܾϰ
ϵ³Իû粽룬ϰ࣬ʲôʱʲôд粽ٻȥæĲ¡ߣһˡ
³ˤһ硣
Сỵ̂ĳȥıӰ˦ۡƢͲˣĻؿᣬĿͶʲǳõ׳졣ЩϼһԽϱԽϯϵǴ򣬴ӮһȻۡ
ǸҴǰ̵ģŮͬ־Ů͹ɳԻ벻ˡλͷһö֮ЩϼһҲ˽䡣
̸֮ͷϣײȥọ̈̄ˡ
񣬾ǳҪ꣬ǲûãĿǲǿͻ׷ˣ軹ոʲô
Щ꣬ӶµŶԭҲߵʱ
С̫ϱˣȻ㡣Ρ
뿪ͻȻϲˣЩһݲͷŮˡҲֻвͷǿţŷϡ
Ӳͷ
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ϵһ¥̷̼ĻӶѡ
ĳԻûУֻʷ̣أ
ŬŬ죬¥һۣ˵һ¥ȥˡ
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Ц⣬ʵúܣֻԸ⿴صĶ桢ˡ
Щʱգ̿£Լ˵ã˵á
ǣ۹۱ǱǹģŶһ·¥ȥЩʲôСֳˡ
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ԡʱ򣬼㲻νעԼ塣
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תһ˲̣һ̲ˮȥ־ˡ
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˵СʱǣģΪ飻
Ϻ磬ֻм΄磻
ȥܼңҪǸͷƿӣϸ˵ʼ΄ʲôãҼңҵģμΣҪң
Ҵ㻹һϸ˵
ңμΣңҾʹӦ㡣
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˴ӴͲ˼䣬̸˾绰¥µ
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մӹͻѲͷ¥칫ſڣ뵡ü۽ƣ屭忧
ƵͷҲзÿ͡
ķÿͶǳƹ˵ģǵ˫Ҫˣһժۣһʣ˭
С㡣ĳǰŮѡ
ŽԼ칫ңǰֵĸֻŤͷѰɫ·һԵá
ܣҿȵˡ
ûӦġŰֵ֣һֱƵǽȥ
߹ˣŴš
⻹ܶԼȥϵңֻо칫泯Ĳǽϣ綯ȥ
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İֱߵƱӵݵǰܣ̵Ŀǣ̫̫ǵѵ˵ģ͸ǩ
ָֻҿƱ˵Ҳ٣λ
߼ǵһΡһҪǩˡ


58 6.9
˼
Ʋӵʰϵǩֱʣɷǩ֡
Ŀθ֮ԣ˼
Ļ˾ȶҲж˱ģĶС
û£Ů˵ֱ
죬ĺ֮࣬ҲȤˣΪ㲻ȥģĻȻ
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ЩûŮˣ־͹֣ʵѡ
һõһŮܣһƵػļʲôһľǧˣֻΪŮ˴//ͼһ˾
ųˣ
һܻӣȻλԶ罻С㲻ǵɨ
ӹͽĿȣһڣȻĵͶһۣ̫̫
ЦøʢˣΪ¶ˣŴӲǵѵģ֪Ϊʲô
Ϊȴס
޿޲ɣѸģȥˣֻʣѺͽףҸ衣
Сķⶼû
Ĵǰ̸ʱʱĹƢһ졣ˣΪ˱Ůô˼μӣĪе㲻ʹ졣
ô˵ˣֻܵ㵽ΪֹҪԼСˣҲûΰʥˡ
ͱŮͣʲôá
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Ӹǰ˵ļȫԼδزһԲ
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һ¿ͻộг˵ˮ첻ôơӲˬſˣѿ˵˷š
гľҲмңʹ˲ϧظܴڻ
ĳɽ//װһھҲϤڿëϡ
ϴµʱгľ˺ǰȡЦ䣬˵̫̫СŮõģôĸϻҪô
ʾˣô̫̫
пħ˵ҪŮڵϰˣҲڸߵģ˵ҪҪ

ôơ
ܽ᣺Ǯѿ࣬ʺѳԡ
һŮѺ塣
һֻͬһ롣ҲҪˣҪġ
ǰܻԱͣףС
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˴ףժԭϰ߲Ьģĵأع﷭һ˫Ьſ۵ũô£
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˯Ժˣʼٸ߰ĵز˵ȶңһлعϸ΢İ
ĻݵСΪհУûͷ벻˶˶ڽǣ｣ĳȰͣ˭֪̳Ӵˣ˲ðɡСߣԷǴģҪ˵ʲôŶ
ԼϾ磬һŻ÷µ߼ϵ̻
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һϲ쾮Ժӵķӡϲˮϵİִ߲߽̻
ϲ.ȥʱżۿԵرۡ׵ĹͷǺÿģÿĽһԡ
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ͷк϶ҪС


59 6.10
һ磬룬ڴϣѼֱ̰۸ӽޱʱľƾ֣һ绰ңͷҲã̱ٵȥᣬһ㣬ţ
㴩ĳ£ڵŦɿƤףĵµĺۼʡ
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ޱϴůģƱů㱻һ˿⼤鵽ˡ
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
ǰǼҪö䣬˫Խûͬڱ˴ϣҵĽָֻһ㡣
˵Ūöʯָ˵Ѿ¶˸öǿͶһģһõȺЩʱ䡣
֪Ϊʲôϲöָ
Ϊȥѡġ䱦մ÷һö׵ָϣá
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Եģһһɲ㣬Ǵ˽
Ψһľǣס֤ҳ֮࣬Ҳһ˿ѣգǸɢˣҲ߳ٹԼ
ҲĸƪһֱΪԱѣѵػϲһˡ
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˽ʵĳϣٲƯʶȤĽﻨ˵ŮˣܶⳡϣҪܻһЩﻨϯǣͷʢ죬Ҳͷ̵ƯˡȻǱģԴͭ䡣
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϶黹ǻңⱲӶʲôϢˡŮǣű߿ɻУ
ô࣬ʲǿԪŲԣ϶ǽǣʲһһ˵
ֻиףǶҼǷծԲ粵Ϊʵȷʵе˼
ֻᵭͣûôǸŮ
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0719/ľ


60 6.11
ʮϲŭ֡
֪ȡЦͷʵܾɥذʵܻţ
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ҲСЩάĻǳԲ⽣Ϊûŵӣһһ׵ҨӾҴãԸĸл
ҲͷһЩ˼룬ϲŮѡڻ̳ǰժɻʱףĺŮѵĺòһֻǼ΄á

Ҳ˵ʱ̫С̻֮飬ǲסʲô
ǼԼټСһˣҲѧԴ׵Ϸ롣
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˳ڻʱйһƵˡ
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Ŀͷˣ˿ǸСŮǵذϡصʮ꣬ʼ޶ԣǴ͸˳ˣǻ⣬ĬժɻҲû˳ԸΪҲд
ΪĴŴδô޼ɵ
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㱭ı۰ߵŮţƫͷȥԷ
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˵νȣ֮±¯ٰˡܼұ֮µ淨гίȫʱ
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ö١ܡҲͷṆ̀෴ΪںЩĻûʧ
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סڡɫܺˣĸսĹ
תߡ
һӰһ֯ס㡣׵ذűߣַţҲͷԽԽڲԣ߼㣬ûĵһ˳ǰ˳һͷɳʱ˵޸ңʱȥֻǴǰ.ͷãɷһŵſԹԣҵ̫̫µĺ²ȫһռţ
͸ƫִ
ִ֮£ȥȴ׾ٵؽסͿźɫ͵ָ׶ϣһܳĺӣ˻һŷҰȴмۿɼ
ңйȫǱŮ˵Ļ档
ֳż㣬ĵ֮ϵٵ߼Сѡ
з裬ò繣ô޲ҲǺõģ֮ҪһĻ߼㡣
һ߿Ƽ߼ӵɳϣٵģ˵⻰ᶯ׮Ǽٵģ
ȢĳǼٵģǼǴǩһǼٵģ֤ΨżǼٵģ
һǱ˴ϻ״̬ӵֽǼٵģ
˵ٵ߼㡣
߳ӡ
Ҳõúܣ⿪ѣ̽һ壬ȴѻˡ
ͬʱһ飬￴˴ˡԼˣ赽ȻںװԼ㲻ҲգҲֵġ
㰮ǸҲա峯ޱȵĳʵ
ȫȻ˵شȥ⡣
ˣֻ.
־Լ
һǼö֮ʼ㣬Ҫ
ԵɫһֵĻô޹
ҲȷʵԴӰȻڰĻϵĻȴ׵شݻһˡ
ǼڿͷṆ̹̀ϣǻڱ˴ˡ
ָоľ񣬷·ÿһ붼һ
ִ㣬ˮȴδѲ˰ϵˡ
ĸϴŹҧȥǸ
ȴػڤ粻顣
һϳˡȴ壬ȱһƵģġ
һỬ
Ϣ
ϢŨҵľ/ζ
ȹһϢЩ٣ֻº󣬲ű˴ƽ˴ѱ
ǻеӡ
ȴޱȺذڰ˵Щʲôȴûġ
ȿˣ˸£Ԣԣ
ܹô
ܹĬĹ㣬׵㡣
Ҳܹ
ȻסҲˣ͵һΰգزѾûˡ
ʮļʮһ˵ֻǹȥ
˭Ҳڹȥһӡ
ʱղʱյĴ
ȥ
*
ӻܿĳһ·
һ·ɲСĺüҲûޡ
ֻͼҩҪȥҩ
ܶôȰӣΪ϶иӣǸʤܶܶࡣ
ĹҪӣأ˼˼
һҲʹκηʽֹ
ӱȻǸĸ˴˼ƻģóΪֺϵŦʡ
˽Ķԣϲӡ˵㲻ôǾͶ˵ףû˸ҰôȢ㣬Ҳ㴫ڽӴġ
ԣһܴԾʩΨʱ⣬һǴΣһν
ζǼڽûáһǼ㵣ã˵ڣ˵еڶΡ
Ӳͣ³ȥҩҩҩҹ൱ֵҩʦżҩ˳øͬΪŮˣԷѼ㣺ҩô󣬱ҪĻҪʩ߰ʱڷЧҩ
лԷĺѣ˵ٶһС
ҩʦ󳹵ԺˣȰ㾡ҪԣһУ
*
ҩ׵Ķˡ
ϵʪģɴࡣЩǱɹµľϰߣӽϵĶɹһѡ
ñʱ䳤ˣҪùġǵùܻһѡ
ûЩգȰʱÿѧƼһ̨ɻͿԽ⡣
㿴һùʴһѵĺ֮ϧȴҲˡ
һڱˮһ·䵽θǿŽҩĸй٣ѵġ
Ȼȴȵúܡ
ĳ޵İȫ룬ͣţֻһ˲ʱ䣬㾶ֱȥ
С쿪̨ɷűҵġ¹һ¡ǰһ£ʱŵĲֻƷʥֱػSǺдκͼԼź衣޶˳ˣŸʦʳ
ȴľʱǲǺĪĳأ̾Ϣ廳Լ޾
۷ƷȻ֮࣬ڰջƻϤȫϢȥ
ֱСȻˡΪվĳ⡣
һҩһƿˮ
ѾܶˣǰϡϷ룬ƫƫȫˡ
ԼҲѽ⣬ѽΪ׵سΪһˡ
Դף̺ݻķǣῴܴĪЩ
ǰ֤ģڶΡ
һƽˡ
ôҳԵãԲã˵ҩôҪһ
ӱûб䣬ӽǵĽҲûиģǣҹ֮ʼûôְɴ಻Ҫˡ
ѡһҪôҩҪô顣
Լ˵ģʲô˶һռš
*
վⲻԶ˿˿
ǰ˭Ů˸ҩ϶ˣ˰ɡ
ǽ߼ѡƱѡĻ߼㣬ڣҲġ˵ſءԼ˵ĻͷͳҾҪʲô˶ռšҲҪҲҪ
̬ûһԲ㣬
ü
һ룬ȥǺҩһҩضûˮ̷
֪ûȥֻطֻ˭绰
û룬绰ͨˡ
ֻ΄磬ʶ˭ģ߼΄磬ñҳŮԽҩ㣬ӻ᲻£᲻/٣Ӿ
ļգ·ʯԽҪĵ绰
Ͳܺú̸һ£Ͳˡ
ƻǿҩûʣմϣ߼㣬㶼ҪˣȨҵĵ绰
лҪ˵
ֺ԰ôдģ


61 7.1
ɼֻȥסһͨŷֻϸûͨ
ҳԱ˳ŵĴ绰߼΄ֺͷ뵽ôҡ
ʼ㣬һˣʲôô
ԸӣֱӰֻԼѡģҩǾ顣
СӲŰѲߡֱڼֱϣҲȷʵµöҩզզģüȴƶʲôֻܣ
ϾͲ̡ءˣŲ˳ֻǰЩŮ˶ֵߣ
ᣬһ޶ϵϷ롣˲ƻĿˣֵûСܡۣ
ڼɴָ׿㲻С߼㣬ᣬ֮һ
û飬ֻɥż
һϷټɻ䣬֪
㶢źǵӣһ
Sȫֹֻ̻ͩͷ򻹱ŹڷϰߡﻹڽȦ䲻أȼһ̻Ͳӣವһըȥ
ֻһС£Ůܣ̻ɢ˼䣬Υ/ûӰˡ
ʣһ绶ЦŨת
˷ϵ۶ԭ¡
߬żԲؿһϢ䣬߻·ʯϡSǵɼվ·ʯϣÿԴһľͷŵشǿ϶ɥĲҡ
ڵģؽӦĶ䣬ţұ꣬ôĶҡ
ޡ䣬ֱ쵰˵Ǹ˵ţľͷһֱûͷ
ǸûСҡˣÿغܣû·Իء
Ҳûء
˲˵ȥ˯ͷҪôҹﱻͷ
һǰһ󵽼ҡؿ⣬ϰͨ״һȥʱſżٳٲءվſĳָŸӦţĿãĵ׳һ䣺
ֳڴ¿ڴĿʽϵҲܸĵκԣ
ºִֻһײǽܱÿرܻỬʰػҲȥǿ֣ʹõ¥ȥŻӦʼղһһ£ôҲ鲻Ǽ顣
һأĳĬһ桢󻬶ûС
һ¥ͣˣ
㾶ֱ¥
صԷһñĻµ˺þáͷе㷢裬Ѫǵĸо֪ˣǿҩνĸá
ʱĴѰϿ൹ţһ
ʢϲϹŨҪһڡ
ֱҡͷ˵ܸðˡӵԼҲԼȥϴˮ裬˯ͷ
ΪʲôҪ˯ͷ
ѵĲѵÿìܣֺֻܿϣ࣬߶ȵ٬
ֽƣ֮ɫһظϡ
˵ûжԲ㡣㣬һ˵ٻ˵㣬ĲϵĻʲô֪
֪סĻ֪ǸŮűŮһ
ġЩҲġǣԽ׵Ϸ룬Խᡣ
㵱е㲡ͿˣԽ˵Խ࣬ԽԽϸ˵Һܲϲܺܺܲϲ֮ǰ˵ҵˣʼղϣǣһʱһûһ޵ӡȫ̸ˣȻҶЩߣҲһЧ
Ǳ˴˶ûŪף޵塣
ڵ£ʵڹȥǾ˰ա¾һҲ߲һǰܾ׽ľִ٣߲ȴҲʼͷ
գˣҪʲô߲ˡֻ֪ܽˣĹȥXˣʵʱյͬһ
ȥܳ׸ϯԡ
뿪˰ְ֣ǰҾּˣҲһһļͥǼԼ˽ӽǣʵ򣬼뿪ǽѵģΪǱ˴˻ţžЩ꣬ʵ塣·ޣƲҺԵǳҶóϣȷʵˣ˻
ʵҲܲпᡣڼ棬ȥǰİഺ
ӡ
O@䣬ͷǵйʲôϰ뿪ƵģԸ֮ΪǰҶֺޣڻͷΪеһ/ͬ෴ͷβҪҵͬ顣ݵĶԻҿһ˶㲻ϣײ˴˶ŻڡҳǰңమԼһЩ·ġŲ
ӲʱжǧӼϴĿ
һ̣ףԼԼ
Ů飬һʵͷԲǽҿľӪߵҲԹҪԼԼ
*
ͨSǶҲԷޣ࣬ʮԵǲ˵ļƣ
ͷԼϴ裬ϡ
˵Ӻ⣬ҵÿ㣬ֹ档
Ҳֹ㿴ƺ쳾Ҫˡ˵߶һѣе£Լûһ
ǣϴһְģͷĭûгɾĳҲ˵ʱϴΡ
ȥϣͷĹ򣬼ܵ˼㣬˵¡
ֱͰµʶҩĸá
Լ΢ĳѪ
ʵʱæҵأμΣҡ
ЩľƣͨĳԿס
㲻ܿ
ҪС绰Ȱסˣû¡
˵ûµˣۻȥˡ
ģһʱҪСһʱҵܼҰ˹ӣһʱͥҽ
΄硣
ǰװҪ߼΄绰ʱֻѼǹڵìͷתƵ룬վûӵù
ʼ΄磬ҪҪ
߼΄ЪڼײűȰ˯²á
ӵĵ绰΄û˵ʲôֻ֪Ǵȥ
ı䵱鷿һû
ҹﳵϨĶܴ߼ҸӽţԤղˡ
Ѿڻ£橴¥һ׻ǽͩ紩װϴ裬Ūʪһ롣
£¥֮䣬ҲŴ۵úܣ崡
겻Ǵкˣμôˣ
ߣ֪΄һȻʲôˡٻ룬ԡʣҲҵֻ˵Ӱźˣμִⲻȥںһˡ
裬ѻȸ
΄游ڱϣվŻػ
ϻһʣٴӼ΄֪μǳʲôҩģٲȻ߼˳ò˳ֵֻܼĸӣݹϢһʱҲشɡ
Ȼ䣬ֱһȲϤȥյǽϣ궯ػغ˵ܼҾ͵Ϊ߼ҵŮǼ޲ȥˣǼҵģǲǣ
˸ӣȥӽйҪͶǶîîˬ
ȥǳԪ洫Ůˣ۵ߵͷҵҪǸ˼
ر󶯸λһȲ裬ˣҲƵϻġ
ϵķ̺òᣬ۶æȥñ
߼΄һֱûκɽˮԣĨϲյʱ˳Ͷһۣ߼΄ɲǻ
ֻǰյ裬ĬƵ׸ǰǺҲãҲգϤ㡣
һʱ࣬١


62 7.2
΄ͬʮĽ飬ǰǣܼ϶ʲôƫ֮ԣ΄ףģƷ
˷ò͸¶ֶŮûͷ
΄ƫѣ˵֤˽⣬ǰҲù󣬶ԴǰЩŮ̹̹ǷáģɶԲġ
ϣ߼ͷûã΄ͽӵĵ绰˵˵״
·ϣ΄һô裬ܶıˣ
۰ͰͿˣǵӣҲü΄ԲóǶôμβôݵ֡
ڼ΄һ豻Ƶ׸ǰ֪Īͷ΄绹Χͳ˪ٰԪͷǸóεû׼´ң飬һҪĸʵġ
΄һ۶Ķӣۼһյǵķ˳ȥܵһ㣬յؿ
ɢڴʯϣǵӣԥصҲҡͷƵûҪ飬Ǽ㡣
ô˼μ᲻ã
᲻á䣬ѾըˣֱѾûˣ˵ʲô۾ͷϵĸεĹ
㡢
꿪ڵĻסˣ˭űģ屻飬
ٹҡðɵˣһʱ䱻˼ɲŪͷתʵڻ
΄һʱ̿Թףȥ군ˣԸֻħħҪ
ʽô£Ҫԭԭ
˵Ȼɴ಻
ƲǾͳԷơһ׮׮ϣͷһڳ˼С£Ҫô
˵ܼᣬ㻹ǲǿȢͷ֪ٸ϶Ҳ֮ˣУģ߼ҵŮװŹ··϶Ȣʮ˸¡
ĺֶžĶңڵŮŪҸǰ
ֺ̧ӣҺܼ˰ûйϵ˭Ҳҵֶҹ˭϶㣬ڵŮʲô£ͷ㣡
׷ӵ£껹жȻվסˣӸ϶˼ԴҶá
϶ٸڳЩͷ˵ѶԷĽ£㹻ĶԷһˡ
þղǴˡҴӦȥǼμĺãźǰְ꣬˵ְֵ׼һ桭
ҲŵŮծˡ㵱ͼʲôͼܼЩ棬ǣֱǰҲǾ仰Ԫӽ̵η£˶Ǽμһ㣬Ҷϲ޵ܼҡ
ʱգҲ֤ˣˡ
΄磬ȥμʰҪȥ
е£ټ΄ļƣһǰסѵļĿ꣬˵ʲôҶϣҴģҸ׶ţҲţҲҪš
ǸŮߥҺͼìܣ뿴ͷڼ䣬ֳЩ粨Ӷڶ¾ʧƱ
Ԫ˵ײٽ¡Ҳʮĳ벻ɡ
Ϊ϶һûͷһ̫̫еڶôĵץסԪĻҲֻ飬ûġ
ĸףҲ١
ܼ϶һǷǣôͷסҲġͷϽҵģҪͨͨȥ
ͣŵǸŮ˵ҲȫԷνİ£ȷʵ
ҲԴôȷʵһ棬ͷβֻǴЩĹȥ
֮Ǹ֡ǳԲһ֣㵽ķԣΨһû㵽ģҲµʱ
һ¼㲻һ
ʱ򣬿ﻹڵ֡
λСĹ£ɱİҪŻѪ
ֻ¼ûġĸԸԼɷ򣻻һ뵽ܲҲ޸Ǹˣܼˡ
һֱû˵ļ΄磬ϵʱվһȥϵƬ̲մ֣΄˵޷ȵһյƬϤҲܸ֣ȫ鵽ȥ
΄˵ģԸħħӣŲţμε۾ѡ޸˶Ⱥ̹äѡλڽ
ףҾ˵׵㣬Ǿĳ˱Ҳ˳ôأɲȢμˣ
μǲǾ˳ˣ㵱Ҫ˳Ȣѽأ
ֳΪȫԼĹΪȡ΄һ˲˵ϴȥX̽ĸ׵£ôףûμȥ
΄˵̲˼Ƿ޸顣ʵȻأȫǼͥԽ߳ģǷ̣ܽȻ˭еľ㡣
ʹԷǧ򷬴һҲ㻳оηģǾ˼㡣
㵱氮һ˵Ļֵ㻳ݾη
˳˳ˮŵͣΨһĿİ߼㣬ǻҲǸΰмôߡ
΄翪˿ڣһʱûø׷Ե˼ˡΪ˸磬游׮¹ʡ˵ظղǾ䣬μѡ˶Ⱥ˳˳⣬ôΪʲôѡأ
ΪΣҲ᣿
΄Ŷӵ֣սЩƬĵƤϣ΄۾Ͷˡ
μԼġǧ㲻㣬Ϊ˰ݲˣˣô㣬ƾʲô֮
鷴õĳ·
ֱ΄մ̳Ѫָ죬ε΄ƤЬϣ߲Զݣվˡ
߼΄磬Ҳң
ʲôҶϣǿȡᣬƵüμҪҩ
ɽǶѴƬ棬ʴʣΪܸоԸģҵһġ߼΄Ҳˣ㲻Ҫң㲻˵ʲô
ҲףҲغ˵ȥҴ˵ͼμεĸ˵˵Ůġ
ѵñ΄µƿԡ
ã꽻£ôУ飬ҲԽӼȥ
Ϊǽȥδؿٵţ
ߣԼûտڵǸ£һŴˣҸûռμλԭˣ
ҲҪġ
һĳƫƫ£һûѡ׵ĹûѡĸҪȨûѡ֮ЩҲȫûΪ߼ֻǸִСҸˡʱ˼ΣΪڱ˴ǳͷβˡ
˵ףһУҲܰѼѽ
ҺòײԼˣҪ׿˵Լѡ˭˶԰һεȨ
˵ţɵ̧ͷ֮ߵ˴ֱһ㣬Ϣվ֪á
¥һУССԼҲ賯Ҫߡ
¥µҲûлûǱãǱǽ壬ֻЩƬѪ
ǸղŵĻת㣬μΣҪΣ
Լѡѡ֮ǰֻһ仰
ڣݲݺ˵ǸΪҲмҡһԭңô죿
ִֻϣûжӣ¥µƬֱ¥
ĽŲԴеʱն̱ˡ
·ǸУʱķһʱšˣʱ󵹻˵¥ݿڡ˱ߣ
ʮ߼ӱ֮ǰˡ
ӭ߹Y֣ѪȾһʱϣҲһס࣬ΪĳʾҲ׼ߣߣ˵ҶϣֻҪ㲻ߡ


63 7.3
΄׿¥ϵһУԤ֮С
΢΢ۣ˭ͷͷǵǺ˭ȴ˭ûʸ
ΪƮƮͼߵģÿв롣΄ЩμԶ顣
Ǹ鶯ͻ
ǳˣʱֹ
ˣɶ˻
΄翴¥ˣһִԲķɶꡣ
֪˰ɣ΄ʸףյļμΣߡ
ʵǶףȴΪЩ׸ٳ˳ͷһС߶Щꡣ
СȥϰѾǿʼˡ΄˵ǵСʱĸܣҹ绰˾ˣ˵Ҫ顣
˾æˣׯһƬֱС֮˱˻𣬲ű˻˻𣬾յСõĵ绰˵Ҫֻ䡣
һϣ˾Ҫңֲϡ˾ֱţǻҪ飿
˵򡰵ʡǵڶûʷʵ֤ˣȷʵõ
Է΄ڴϣͷһûŮľ򣬴˿ҽߣμǲ
¾Σ
㿿ڴ˵öˡ
ԣֻǸ/𣬲ǿ΄ӣ˵Щ٬Ļ绰Զݵġ
ȴΪȻĮ׷ʣμΣҪ׿ڸңֻǴͷܴβͣԲԣ
΢΢ͷףȻûκλӶԣҲϣһֻǱĳԼܳʵš
á΄ʻΪֹ˵ҩ֢״ֻǸԭһˣԻ⡣
˵ҩҲ˵ˡ
΄˵˵࣬ûˣҲҪ˵ˡ߶ͼһġиĳѵٶȶˣأ¶绰ңֻ̫ƽء
Ҳ⡣΄˵Ǳ֮ġԭǼҲᳳܵѽϹҲʵŮˣһǵһμ
ʵʤ۱硣ǸߣȷʵЪˡ
μΣֻƾͷһ㣬Ҳֱ缸䡭
Ǹˣ෴úϸ¡Сڸ﷭ͷˣǰûôжԣǶԷö֮ܶڶϲ˵ԼǸˣûֵܣҲֵֻܡ
ˣЩţҲߵ۰֡
Ϊƨ¡
Ǹ˽ֵúˣֶԣǹ
ĸԵϸ᲻˽
ǰν߻ǲòǷ˽
Ψһգ绰΄磬˵㱻ˣ΄Щ㶼ˣ
ģɣһҧǣҪˡ
ĳ̶ֳϣͼ;ͬ顣ǶֻҪˣⲻ֪˵Ľ飬ϵĵ룬ۣϡ
ѪҺһúܡ
ų󣬽ֻһ³
μΣĿǰΪֹĵһʡ˽ΪСʱʹͬǶģ׶µ꣬նظŪһֻèܺǿ˻/ǻʶСӶ
ΪЩҵĻ䣬Ŵʹ˼㲻һĴڡ
һ˽Ƹ
ôר/ƫִ˵ˣжӣ
ãֻʣȡ
ܻǲǣ΄˵ƾͶˡ˵Ӹԣʱôơ
ǧΪҵ֪ʶѾ漱ˡ˵ˣЦ˵һ˵ˣе㲻ʶࡣ
ġμΣԸ壬ҲҪüģǱȫʻľӪ֮
ԲϡνľӪĻڷ
Ǽ΄дĲҽ̸ΪֹΪߵŶ롣
룬߼Ĭˣͬһµúܡ
߼΄λãôҲ벻˵ĽС
ɴƣճƵʲôʲôҲģ
΄һۡԿĵȰСãȴ׽ҹȥΰǰȥ￪ҽƻᣬϾƵꡣĽ˵ϻǾƵŽİɺܺóԡ
ĳˣҲôϸ
΄磺Ŷ
ҽġ
߼΄𸴼
˿㣬ƽͰؿ΄ʰŲߣ֪û͹ˣ֪ļУ㣬ܵҼһ˵ڣ淭
μԼ˵ǰĹûæ꣬סҰҲ㡣ȻôǷ޾ڲìڲա
²Ľɡ
ͻǼ΄ҽߵ̬ȡ
賿࣬ӭɼ˸硣ٽŵʱϵĳӲģۻԷʱůֺ泱½
شϴʱĿԣ˴˶ûԻ
ãŴ˿ڵȥ۾ʲô˵ˣ˯
ĳһޱҲֱȦ̫˴˵û˯ţ΢΢ĽëһֱգסԺǲرܣ
š
ʱĬһǼȿڵģҲΪͰסŰѰְ׷ֻû뵽Լˡ
𣿡ʼ㣬ǰǰµĹˮ룬
ʣ͵ֻèˡһ֮£ŷ˳ȥʱѾˣҲûܰһ
Ȼ䣬ֱӣظŴϵˣ߳ʱų͸˼Ϊֻèģ
һĲ㿴ÿɷ񣬡ҵһһҺͰְһʳܣ˵ְֵѧȾҡ
ס˼죬Ҫ˵ˡһΣѾҪˡ֪ҽԺ޿˴¿ʼȻʲôҪˣûʲôء
μΣ´ʱ˿̣ɺ޶ĸף㵽˵زġǼ΄ҲоηġǵģûʲôҪȷʵ
Ӧȥ̽ĸ׵ġöġ
ǾͲᳳܣͲֻˡ
ûаˡȻҲĸ̫̫㣬ֻ߼㡣
ҲҵģͷһӵģǸġ
֪΄˵
ְ˵֮㡣ϣĺӣдȱ֮֮࣬Ҫ
û²˵
һҹ˯ȥϴ
ʰ޸ɾԼػشʱּ㲻֪ʲôʱѵģ˯ʵڴͷһˮݸ
ϵؽӹ湾˼ڣ漴ˡ
ͷϵĵƫͷܿƫ¶
һ̡
˯Ž
߼Ŀ˳ʶһ㣬йŮ峿ҪģȷҲ̽
ظĻ˯ȥϰࡣ
㲻֪Ǹĳ¶ĳʵʱС쿪ӣӦңһ˳·ȥġ
Ŷˡ
Ǿ͵ǣһȥ档
ϵڱ˸һߣһʱ˯ߵľ
ãȼκνŲO@ˣŴӱ̽ͷС㸡ˮһ΢΢¶棬ϱվŵһ

èѽȫû죬֪վ˶ãŲ׽ѿ
֪״ֻȷû˯š

߼㡢
ڱ֡
Ѱɣ
ɻؿһ־ˡ
ģûʽԭ֮ǰ
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һӼС죬ӾͲˡ
üһƱˣһšϱͼȥϰࡣ
ؿںͷϣϵͷֻպܹ죬Ǳǰֺ񾲵ùͷСӺӾһζش㣬Ǳвȵıܵģգգѽ
ϱǵӡӸһҹЩðףĵǵӻе
СԹǰߵĥ˵Ǹʲô׶ʱֻ㿪ڣҵˣʦʱټᡣ
ϱǴ𣺡á
С켱ˣ벻룬ʹ㡣
ͼ㵽չģ³ʱ򣬼ӺһֽϴδӦСϴȥݳƷ꣬Ͷ̫̫ӦСǮеģյԱƷһС죬˵ܳ
СܳͶұ˵˳£ʼͣҪҪǼҵ档ĺܺóԣͷʵõüë
ûӦ£˵ɡ
߶˺þãǰֻϱһۣȫ̿ͷЪĵѹݵѹȼߺؾ뿪ͷ
С͵һۣһۣ
غϵ˿ˣл
Ųʣȥ˾ҪҪСǹ
ҪҲҪЩ˭ûŸɹ̣
ŶǳϣŸ̸ˡСһ뻹˷ܳԹϣ
һͱϱˡˣȥæİɣﲻٿˡ
ִ﹫˾ܲ¥ֱӴԿ׽Ҫ뿪ԼȻȥ
һ۸ϵĶʮֳǮߡ
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ϻʱ򣬼ؿڿĳϴƤЬѷſڣ
Щ⣬ʱŰ˵㲻
ӦŵϦϣȴô硣
ϲˣĶкϴ׼Էˡظ߼㣬컹⳴ݽţ⣬ǲ֪ϲĿζ
ô֪Ұ
˵ġ
㲻ĲΣֻʷ̣켸ģ
㡣
˵䣬¥ݿнŲ˳Ƹ׺Ͱֱȥϴ֣ڼ죬
˵е
ϡˣҪ֪Щ񣬹˾
꣬ȫǼϰߵ˦ƹˡ
ϴ֡ˮȵļ㣬ҹĻĺµĴ￴ĳ˸˽ߵֱߣ泯泯⣬ô
⻰绰Ѿʹˡ
áڻ˼
ٺȱˮϣҩרŵֽӡֻˣҩˮߴģ
װõֽǺŮԽҩ
ӹıӣȥˮ˵ԻĿǣ˵ԭֻǾûҪΪҲûбеЧ
ǣ³Ұûˣ֪ôܣ˵ʲôҲԡ
㿴£òã˵ţ۳ҩһˮعȥ
Ҫ顣
㱾ܵظ˿ˮеرҩҲʹƿĿ⡣ϣ˫ˣ㿴
ڳ˽سٳٲ
ȫ˹ڼڣдʣµģӺͱҩˣô˵ġ


64 7.4
ˡһʱֻӦ
ʲôˣ
ҩˡ
һô
һ
㲻Ҫ߼΄ѧҲҪӾ̸̸߽Լĳز۵ġ
㲻֪òƼҲ֪ͬͬѧ
ӡ֪ң
״Ҫ֣˵ˣ̵ǳԷء
ʲôѹϵô
УСΪʲôˣ
һʾˣ㬣֣ҲĻҼҵԡ
һ˲˲ض
̨ϣۣǹġ
ȴõЦ⡣
ĿһϢɢŤͷߣнŲȷʵǹģ֮ǰֻһζͬҲͽ⡣
Ǽ΄ĻٶԼЩģòŲʧ
ҲҪһЩȫ޼Ķƣ˺ܶ࣬ǲĸĸЩļġ
*
ǵصSˡܳԣЩܼշֻбˡ
ãϰζˡԣڡ
ݽţ⣬˵ʵ̳һ㣬
Ǹس˼ӣʲôҪ
һͱ绰סˣЩ콭/ƦԷ֪˵ʲôףһۼ㣬˵ʣʾӵġ
ԣǣ˭źˣרĸڲŽᡣ
һ⣬һ·¥ȥ
Ͼʣ̺ͼ㡣
ǳԵòˣʣԲԣ
㶢ûԼӵ뿴ȸŰɡ£ǲˡ
ʰ̵ʱ򣬼æϸĵذ﷽࣬Ϥ
ֻڳ̨ǰɵæʱ򣬷̲žü̻ģʱεúܡҲѹַϲ
ϱ޵УبŲ̸ǿףĶӣͬһģǶԸ·ѾͷҲˣƫһǷǣ˭ܵˡ
̫̫绰̣˵ʲôҪʱ
ҹ߼Ҹߵʱɫѵؾ̣֪ľ֪֪ģòҪ֪
֪һ֣Ҿ͵˵ģ
ⶫһֵһ顣ʶصͷ£˵ȫ˼㣬ǿˣңֲӣ벻ϱ
һɻǮģαغͭȥˣӶû˵ɢʲôġ
ҲҿųģӵģСûٰĴ򡣴ǰڣǱԹǶӾҵĺӣ¡ô򣬶ûǴΣ࣬·ˣү鷿ﻥѽˤŶãû˳Ժүˣ˵򲻶ˡ
ûʹǴ࣬ʲôƽˡ·ӣȻѿˡΪΨһġĿߡѵö໰ؿڣӣȥһʼͲӦְ֣Ӧȥˣְ·ˣʵ綼Եʡ
⻰ţҲȻгһգܺͼмҳ̸ǹڶҵİԣҪ˵϶ϴίϴ綼˵ԭģŪö˽Ƶġʵ˽¿ŶӶЩ
ƾиʵĻͶӮͷƫˣ˵⣬ⲻø䣬ҲΪѵÿϡ·ͲסоĶ࣬ǳ鳳ʵڲҩģãҪޣ˵ġ
֪˵ġҪ֪Ϊ˺㣬ҩϳԣǿ߼ˡ
䣬ſڻνһˣèһعԾɻ
Ŀأһֻʷ̣ôˣһûꡣ
ͽְӣóģ㻹ԵĻз̸һ°ɡ
ڣٵ̣ȥҵСıӡͷļҳĿǣ˵ͬµĺ£һոӡ
꣬ɻߵķѣ߼ƮƮļҳˡ
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ʵ֤µķٳԵġ
ĳӣȥһ⣬ֱҧ
̳ȥˣ㣬ڰ˵
˭
ŵˡĳۣ
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ܲһ볯˼ҿ̱ɡ
ʵ飬߼ȴзӽ˾롣
ĻŲѣҿŰˡ
㲻˵
ȡЦţе졣ûпջһ˲ĺ죬ɫ˵ĺֺ졣
սľ㰲ǵҲʡ벻⣬Ϊ˿ӰƤң˹ұĴ
ԲĻȿˣѹͷˡɳϣֱۺԺɳϡѹɢŵĳ
ĳ˲̣ܽҲջֱۣͷܵˡ
ûޣֻȥ̧һ϶ֱۣرԹˡ
׿˵ҺԵʡʮоμΣ˵治ȥͷѹû취ҡŶҵǸ磬֪׮ٻ»ȥˣأ˵һѴȥɣҺ־ˡμΣסôܵġ
㲻⣬Ҫ
ĳ˼ĳӣӦֻ˵еܣǲҩĸˣ
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һ϶ġ
˵õѹϵĳ˵֮ǰÿһγܣֲϼȥ˯ķ䣬ǣԾ̡
˵ǵ̣ڵ̺ӣһ̣һǡ
ż˯ڵϣҹʱһŲĿڡ
ʼʩԹ̴ڴϣͷɵض
ЦЦôҸǰԭˣҿ˯
㲻Ӧ
ûС
аԣֻ澯ҪǸʲô캦£ⱲӾˡ
ߵЦøˣһɣ˫ԺȤʴϵˣˣҪô
顣Һһӡ
Ҳһء
ޡͷپͲֵõ˻𲢣ġ
סͷڻͷ˳Ƹڴߣ֧ͷϣĻҪЮô˵˵Һѡ˭
񾭡
ܡͷܹҪѡһ㣬Ҳ׼Ҹʮ塣ң꣬ܳûһҵġ
Σ
Ҿҵˡô򵥴ֱĵ
Զݣ᲻캦
Ҫ
ԣѵã߼ʹҺҪ
֧õ˳֣ѧţãҴӦ㡣
ϻˣϴ裬Ҫ²ҩɴ˳ûɱ۰Ҫ߼ҲŪġ
һίһ汧Թ˵߼΄̬ɱˣϡ档
ҿɴŷ˿ڻͦǩˮʱһ˻
˻һ̧ͷһۡ
غֲˣЦԣҵܲ׼һ۵Ǽ˼
㲻ظҩҩ䣬లµҪ˯ˡ
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޻
ֻǼһ˯ṳ́ܲʵԺ䣬ԼƵģ˯ֱġ
úӲ
ۣǬŲơʲôʱ˯ȫֲ֪ôӲ
ܵȥˣô£
˾ͷĳˣʲôֻܵͷƵƵӣܻҲܺ
лҪ˵
ڵƫͷʹ˭ܶ


65 7.5
˾ͽǰЩӺѷˣѵ֧֡
ΪŮ޵û̸ףз˾ͽְ׵϶˸СǸʲô⾰ûͶ˼䡣
ڱʲôǻ̸׵˾ͽְͷ
ǰȫѣ
//ƸзҪ˵ϤĶӭȢʱҲֻŶڴȥ
£˼һ˲ֱ߽ˡ
˾ͽ˵˼ʼûҲãԽʯܹʲô
˾ͽ覣˵Ǵˣֻһ覲褡
һξԣ̾ûƱ
˾ͽĶҹ﷢ģҲǲ̫ſڣûõǵֻм㡣
˾ͽĸûлֻǰְڣ˾ͽΪŮǷЩǡ
һǮִŵнҲг˾ͽ˵ʵѹûʲôǮ
ְסԺ渶һʣڻ׷ӻŴ˾ͽ游ĸȻϰ꣬׵ģ壬ܳˣҲһлָˡ
˾ͽصʱ㲻ڵϡ
ͷԺ˾ͽ㱾˰ɣϢԷİɡ
˴ɵЦ
˾ͽ֣թƭͬΪ΢ŽǮ˺üˡ
ȷ˾ͽԼľͺãҪ٣漴ת
˾ͽ˵
㣺˻ǮҲһֱûô
㣬лл㡣
յ
˾ͽĵ绰΢ˢ΢¯ӰϰȼסرѹƳֻѽ
һûˡֻ£ڱиұȤˣûнǮˡ
㲻ķ΢Թϡ
ˣ⽽ûĻػƺе㲻⣬ִӱֻҲ׳KPIģ㿴İԣİԡ
İʲô㲻
ſ˵˸Sǵǲ٣˵λ֪ģٳҲõóƷӪҲܳɹλʱеġ
ͬԡһ硣
ĵЦңȥϷӣͷ϶
ܼʵҵģͷŵʱ򣬻ķϵĻҵ
ԪԸȥƣ̻ͨޣҲǮȥϷӡ
Ȼһеͷŵʱ򡣡
⻰˵ķ档㲢ôģ㲢ڿͷһ룬תûϣס֮
뵽˺޵ĵز㶥Լ㸸׼ҲķϵĻҵǰ˵ģҲԼһֱǸ֪ԼҪʲôˡ
ʲôʱ˵
һǻҵĵһٷ
ƨ˵粻ǵˣֻǵǶٷ߼䵭䵭ҵʱþôĥӲѾͷ
ǰôұˣ
ͬˣҹĸġ
ĸ
̰Ĺɫ
Ц̳ǸжӲֻ˯˲֪
Ӧ߼΄ģͻ
ԺôԣΨ顣ɢˣȥЩʲô塣
˵壬Ψ߼㻨Ǯžʹġ
ǰȥһһҲܵ
ɻһֱճ߼һ
μΣû˸Զĸףҡûһػôԣô쵰ûԲ㣬Ϊ̫֪ˡ
߼ûϹʲΪ˳ͷγͷίκһ
Ҳ֪ÿӦ꣬ȫίԼȫ档ϧίߵӦ̫̫֪Է˽
˵Ϊϧ㸸˵ֵ׼һ档
μΣʲô˼ǸôļƻỰˡ
ְȷʵһ氡
ҲŮ˼Ȥ㣬ǼμνʺҸ΄ģϲܼ϶ģһǿڣһ
ְֶӡ󲢲̫á
ڼعأ÷ĺĲƵأʱŻңҲʱרĴҡ
㻻˸⣬˾ͽǮҲΪ˱ТġٶǮҲġ
֪μΣǮһֱ𶯣ȱҸϡ˵ˣҲ˿Զ
תӰþغվûְֵĻΪ˼ǿڣ粻һſڣ׼˵м¡
*
ĳʣʲôԭˣֻѸŶ
ڻҽ硣
ⴲϲõġ
Բԣ
һѵ
Сʱʣĸÿ
ˣʣԭˣ
ˣ
һͷǾõĸҼѪӣ˵ǿȡᡣ
ϣֱôһͨɴûС
ûУҸʲô
Ĵȥ쵽Լıȥ쵽˵ıˣå
̵ֲܽߣ˾ͱ̹䱧ȥˡԲˣϼ㵽ͷߣѹ˴˴ĿյȥYͷĳ룬һȦ޹
ǰȫˡ
һﱬ֡
ڼϣݺݵǨŭһҪڵزˡ
뵽Ǹ·ôҲˡ
ԼԣԿͷ
뿴üĿͷĿͷ
ȥϴּ䣬ʱģϴˣˮա
ĸйʲôٶˡ
ӣдʣ
ĳ޹ûнȥ
˵룬û취ҴӦġ
һúܣҲ룬ϲϡ
//ڵСӣָԵýζ
ʳߣҲߵһ˵ͨ
˵ڳָҲ߳ϲҧָҲϲָҧ塣
쵰ĥü
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ѹؽȣظܵ磽Ҳ尾ÿڸ
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üɬĳˣʹشȤϥˣҵĹԹԣ˵ܾǲǣ
ߵգϾҪҧˣҲʪҲԼңУֲ뵱ˡ
лҪ˵


66 7.6
¶ʮߣ߼ա
޵ĵһ꣬ĸҪŮһЯĽүңŮա֮ΪзңŮһ졣
գġ
ˣûĵҪȥܼ磬ҧ̣ҪԺ̻Ҳֻͩµլȼ̻
˵һֱǵü¶ʮߣ΄ͣ·һӵӣ˵ҪһȥǼμεգ׼ˡ
ϲԾӡҴֲ
ûҲ룬أҲˣ˵զأרϲ˲Ķ
˺ܶ꣬˳ӣܻи˺Ҳϲ
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һҺңǸ⼸̶ԪǰˡȻϲãһһһֱʿҪ⼸ϸʽͷ
ͷҾͺš
//ĶͷľɾƵ¾͸ɣܶյ¾ơ
ѵãܽӦ飬ƹؼʱܶ򵲲˵ʱˡ
ܣԼѾˡ
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¾͵ܶԼ飬С
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۷˻ᵽ˵˭ҪǶԷҲճ£벻
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İ칫֪Է͵ġ
Է֪͵ġ
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ԲĻҺĸ׺ʳǡ
棬óǸǮˣȻᱻԷõĳϡǣֻǮҺĸ׹ϵҲûõǵز
һ͡
ҲΪĸ׳ԼллΧ
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һۣ˺һǩֽдһ绰ٳһƬǩֽϵĵ绰ݳƷŵ꣬Ƭϵĵ绰ǳƵġ֪Էʲôã˵ĸУ
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С㱻˺ôһȥǰΧңΪ̫̫
һһ롣һ̫̫һǿĸԡ
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һݵﶥ¥軻ѣӦһ͵ģһԼ嵽ˡ
ƵĲֹſڣڣǸС˵Ƿ飬νȥϵ㣬ٿŰɡ
Ǹٹ˽ˣƽҲֻƴڻľȫǣΨм΄磬䣬Ȼ仨⣬ˮ飬׮˼Ҳ͸ǳˡ
˵ֵû׶֡վȥϷɻˣĴȤһأҿŰʲô˼ʲô˼㻹ף

ʵʱĽࡣ
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