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1.ŮԸܹǸ쵰ġ
2.ģǵŮǿĵԽɫҲǴеŮʵ̫ǿڸϺʵ϶һԽܵ롣
3.и𣬵нɫŮеĵλզأϸ˵ĶΪŮᰮŮǸƿҲųǻɵλҰ˵ŮߵĻƿصĹͣҪվӣΧŮɧɡԤ
4.ŰŮһŰУٴԤ
ǰղ9111 ӪҺ3934



1.  Ůħͷ   Ǹ


ʱԼһӰš
Ȧֻֻοϡ

ֻϸ΢Ľɫ·̧ûס֣ϵĽơ
ǣ־Ȼһεˡ

һϸ΢ͻȻҰи֡
ߡħһǰϹʱķɷħΪ

ֲɾȡ
Ϸĵ˵һߣϷϵͳͻΪչʾƺͽܡ

룬ѵǡԽˣ

üܡ
ƺһСɽڹ߻谵֪ôģȻܿڰһ
ؿԶұϸСˮ飬ˮʯͷ죬ˮµӶбûˡ
ô£е񵽲˼顣

һȦûгڡ
뵽ϰŵԿ϶ⶴѨһн֮нˣԼ

ð˵ӡ֤Ĳ²⡣
ص㡤ħطƲӳֹħѹħޡ

עеոð˵ϡ

ħǷħΪħѹħޡ
һֲõԤС
ƺһħޣڡ̡ħ̾ߣΪħɽļΡ

ħ쳣տټĿռֻһˣͺ޷Ŵˮޱԡ
΢˶֣еһԵľϮѹƵòʵʵڵϡ

аʹק·ħϽţȵʹ˲Ӱֻӵ
ڵʹһӣƵʹвŽ⡣
ұڻֱˡ

״̬ΪӡΪħħΪѹƣһʵ֮ء

šΪӡĸֿãɫ
Ƣãˡ
ħʹٳԵڶΡ

Žķħýˡ
ʲô
Ϊʲôᱻнħ

ü˼֮ʣǰȻսһ⡣
˿Ϸûгڵұڲ֪ʱѿһ󶴣ʶֵס۾ǿҵĹʡ

͸ָԼһӰڶڣǸˡ
֣һԲضŶڵˡ
վţһôڣȴǰһߵʮ֮Զĵط

ʮûħϵˡƽһΪѾˡ

һ㶡
ʮꣿȻôã
Ȼнʮ꣡

ʮħտһ˹ʮ꣬ܰ˱Ʒ衣
ǰ˵Լ³ԼǴԽ磬Ҳʿ˵ʮֵһᡣ

ʦã˼㻹ҪִԲ𣿡


ʦùϵ

˵ǳʱ˳
ɫ嫡ʿڳϣʦʢΪɵ

Ԥϣʱ֪ôӻˡ
Լһ֪Ҳħһ֪ǰ˿̽Ļʵ⡣
ΪԼóȻ졣

ˣ㻹ǲϻڸ𣿡ʡ
¶Щʹ֮ɫ꣬ûиеһ˿һĺ𣿡


⣬ôֱˣ

ѲԭǰͱؽħǰһֱҪȥֱʮ꣬ٷ
̫ˣ
ͬԭͬ鼴ԭܾн֮Լ

ûڵʲôأҪҪܿԼĽɫ˵ͺˡ

һ㿴ָ֡
ɫͽľŮħͷħǰʿΧħ

ݡҸԼˡ

ԭǸУֻһʱʧ˽

ΪԼϿԼһšա
ΪʥһţƺǡҲⰵ˽ѹꡣ
˼ʥͱɮȳˣȴǰ;δ֪Ҳ֪ܲܵԼɮ

ʦã滹ǡ嫿ųĬ滹Ǻʹǰһִ
ȻЦˣЦдſ⣬Сʱ򣬱ʵ϶´Ӳڸİ֡Ǹһͬħɱᣬ˺޲ý֮죬ҼᶨΪһпԣ㱻нһȰźʦһ

嫻Ϣ̫¶óȻˡ
޷ӦеĹⰵ

ΪֻҪһͣҪ㣬׿ڶ˵ħԭ򡣡嫵ʼղ˵

ұ㻹֪Ҷħԭ

ʦã꣬׼棬ּ٣嫵ʣʱɣҴǰʶСʦѲͬһˡ
˵գؿһתȥ

뿪ˣ˵ûλˣˣһ˳ʲôʱ

ʦ֡źһ

嫱Ӱһ𣬡ܶûʦˡ

ĥҪƣʦƺ壬Ҳ
ҪڣͼǰƮһ֡

ʦ֡ΪĪøŮħͷôԶʿأҪ嫵ŭֵ
ɽħ

һʺš
˼Ƭ̣׵˾
֤֤ǲĻյ
ԶԼѡʲôϾէνʦûʲô顣ֻһ£Ǿ뿪ħ
û뱻ôһط
ֺ嫣ҲܷŮħͷħĽǼн

Ͳ

˼˴¶һЦݡ
ʦ֣ҵм漸ּ٣嫣һһٵµʦֻ֮䣬ԡ





2.  Ļ   ״

ԣ
嫻Ȼת̵ؿ

ڣһ֪չ㡣㷸ܷչ˼ְֽ̰㡢ʱʱ̶̿㡭ңҴԣ
ת䣬СʦãʶСʦ𣿡

룬治ʶСʦˡ
ԭ֪ʲôʦֶƺĵģˡǰʿħħʹʦþ˳ˡ

ǻģʦ֡ʦ飬罫ҷųħ

ȥߵǰȥɱ𣿡
Ȼ߬ס󣬺ɫħ˴̼Ƶȿֺشӿħţħѹơ

̲סʹһħ·еҰȻһƬѪɫ
š
ǯƣŭȭһȭֱ嫵ӡ㡣

ٴסȭ֣ĮħŨˣɷҲ˿δɼЩδʡҲĻڹֻȥɵĵһ¾Ǵɱɣ
Цʦ֣ɱΪйߣʦֶҴ£й˷ߣɷƽˣȥ˵Ҳɱˡ

ħɷ½ԭ
ħ˶ˣƽɷȻԽԽء

ɿֱ֣
ָǰǰ㣬Ī˵Ǵ£Ұ׳ȥҲĸԸ૵زȥˡ

öеͬˣĪøŮħͷˢ嫵ŭֵ

ֽ˵ˣ嫳ڣɵӦġػ²Ϊεģ壬ɡ
ŭķʵܼ򵥣ĵ߱ĵϾˡ

˼Ƭ̣Ƶñҳȥʦ֡
嫴촽
ҪҳȥҵһҪٵڣһҪɱڵӡҲɱ㣬ʦ֣Ͼҡ񡯣᲻ÿʯϣкЦһۿŸѪɺӡ

㣡嫹ȻŭⲪ
µѹΧĿ¶ȼ½޾ĺϮұ
嫵䵽£ˣҾ뿪ħ벽

ħԷΪֵ˪ᵽ߱޷
ƾɽ﷢飬ȴ˿飬еģ㲻Ϊطһɣ

ȷ嫵Ϊǿң統֮ĵһǿߣǵʮ֣ҵκβ㡭ԪƳֻǰͷǰħޣ취

еСϲԭ

š쳣ҪѪħҲֹ

ǣһôɵңզɱأ

뿪

ûˢʦֵŭֵųǻ߰ʦ֣пնʦɡ
ұϵĶ뿪ǰͷһ

òδ䣬ǰһн־ûбĥħɷ
ɿڵƫͷı飬һ񣬻㱼仹ΪȻקĽŮ

ѰɣǵСʦˡ嫿ɬضԼ˵Ϊھµħ֮С

ڱպϣħڵĹҲʧռָ˻谵
ƳһķħȻоЩȤ
û¸ɣû˵ûֻԣֳܹԺȣȤ
Ψһܺ˵˱ˡ

ЩɻȻѵ˲ݵľ棬ЩʿΪţȡ
ɱһħħӦòѰɣ
嫲ɱΪ飬أ

ʦ֡ɡš

طĻת˷ϣת㹻ǿߣɽ˷⻯һ壬볣죬Ϊ߾Ҳ޷̽쳣

״󷨣

ΪֻҪܴ򿪷ħ߳ħҪûôס

˼Ƭ̡
Ļת뿪ħֻ꣬廹Ҫ
һ⻯⻯ӪȱӦǸеķ
ܽᡪҾԼԾȡ

񣬽ǰһζιĹ׭ģĹâһӡʶС
ĿϸּĻתŷǳǳȱݣǾʩ޷ȷԼתľϣһתǸ桭ǿɿ޶ûȥ

ΣԵؾһѡ

ħײþ壬һʱҲ˷쳣
ϸϸоһ¼Ļתݣȷ˫˸

ħͷħҲѹʶĹЧҲǼĻתط㹻ţƣʩչȻ˿ûдơ

˳ʩչǰһڣֻúεǣꡣ
δ֪Զȥ֪˶ãоԼһůľ
ǣˣۣǰůɫĹζ

գգۣŷǰζ
ֱʶһʵ齣ٹڸûʵװΣ²ǳ֮ҡ

ص㡤ʹش˽磬ͳƬꡣ

ˣһŮü˳۵ع
ȥҵ衣һۣ̬ȻطԸ
ŮӦǡ

ɫ衿ǽĹҲħ⻯

ת˾һλֻǸˣްΪ
е鷳Ҫ

뿿ϣʼλļ䣬ʱŮˡ
صϲյʦڵţδ

ʦԭλег衣ûһͷʦеһŮ˽ܡ
ŭʦһ硣

˿ڲ裬ɱ˰ɡ




3.     Ŷܱǿ

Ů˳
һ⴫˾ֵ

ūһūšĲ˵һȻֹ
ǰסʦ죬ˡ

ûǸʲôʦҲûȤϾ
죬Ǹɴɱ£Ǻܼ򵥵ĵһֱǸôϵˡ

ŮȥѰūˡ
Ӧһߵױ̨ǰ£汾ױ
ǡŮߵ󣬶ĳʲôʽֵʦҪ¡Щ
Ҫ¡Щ

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ҲϣλΪĹܻʵϲ÷żִţΪӷűܿλжûʵ۳谮
еǣͭеԭòΪơ

ĻתѡݵǣλĻǼΪϣ˳
뵽Խۿľħ֪ΪŮħͷԭ׳ʲô
Ļת⻯뱾ϵһͬʱǡ
ĻתҲһŶطɽʶ꣬Ҳɻǳϣʶ⻯ͱ֮ת

ŮΪͷȡ֬֬۸ױ
ͭеԽ޶ˡ
֧ʹŮѡ·Լھǰòֱòһģһɺϣǡ

Ϊ֤²⣬һʩչ˼Ļת
ʱ뱾һ˿ϵֻǺΪ뱾뼫Զѹʶħϵ΢
ҺüĻתĶ࣬һعλħı壬ŻǳϡƯڿУ¸ӣ۲챻ı塣

ıбǽϣ濴ȥ˯ˡ
谵ڵĶѨħϸϸĽ⣬ѹϵħ

˱ò
һΪϤԼ

ô⻯òƣħеŮħͷȻҲòơ
ɺϡ
ǣŮħͷҲıͬ

عǣ˼
ѹŮħͷѵԼ

Ů˼
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ӻɫԻãװʽͻǡšʮ壬ȹǰȥʡ
һۣҲ⣬ɡ
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װѣѡ

ױϣһȺŮӵŵϽӣǰᡣ
ʵЩʹ£õɣնҪʳɵʦԳˣ˽縨ʵ۽ҵģʵ۶Ρ
˼μжϻʵ۷õɵǼٵģΪҩҲûʲôתڹʦ˵ǲģɡ

ʦеΪʿ˽װһõ˵ӣҲѹʿһͷβƭӡ
ʵ۱ƭʦǼٰ磬˿ǡ

ȽûʲôȤ
磬ֻȥԲȣ˳άһµ衣ϳͷȥе㷴ˡ

оԼħʱзǳ뿪ħ˸ǣȱ½
ΪΪߣ⻯߱Ϊɡ

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ҪģӺδãѵά

ͷһ𣬺Ȼеƺʲôɵ
һɱϢζѭһ졣

ħһˡħԴħתԪ·˯ʱΪŶܱǿ

һˡħָĲŮħͷ

ţơ

ոչתһЩԪתΪħ
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˽ԪϡԸоڵĹѭе͡

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ʡ

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䵭ضͷŤͷԻʵ۵ʣݼݼúò׽ȥ˵˵
ʵûвӦĵȥɡ

ʦĿˣһ˿⡣

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ŷָһεü΢΢һ£
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ʦǸҰħޣһ㶣ʲô

Ҳ֮ʢʢ˥˥ڻʹϻ֮°빦УΪͻͽԴ˷ɣ߻ħ

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˼ؿ

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һЩɵʡʦһɷǣ֪ԸΪʦ

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񡤳ȥʦûħǰɱ
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üȻԸʦ

ʦϲҪаʦȴʦĴ£һƵգȻаʦ񣬷֣ء
ʵͷܵʦΪΣ
ԼʦֻöżӣԼ̬Ե̫С

Ůƣｻ˿Ůų衣
ϯһƷһӦݺݺŮ졣
ע⵽ʦĿǲԾЩȵŮ

˲پƣЩˡ
ʿȷʵǺģλʦΪʵ̫ˣδܱٹȡ
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㡭ʦɲ

ƽɷ񣿡ٴʡ
ʦı顣
״΢΢Цôʦûͬ𣿡




4.  ħ   ܹͲվ

ʵõɣȻ˽磬Ե١
Ŵλ磬ʿײ˽硣
˽ԪѷأûʿԸ

ʦڻʵǰչ¶ɷʵУϵˡնҪԹʦƵġɵרΪʦ޽һۣá
ʵ֮ԼɣΪϼٶǰһ˿Уȥˡ

ʦ˵ʵʣʵˡ
عʦ˵ʣʵҲˡ
ʦҪչΪͽʵ۾Ȼ붼ӦʡɣǻʵԳݣҲݹʦΪʦ

صᣬŶžƱϴЦı˸ʣе˷ĵɻ
ӹܡױƭ˶ܵʵۣԼҪʵ۵ֵʦ׸ʵʲôԻҩ

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һߵĹʦûôˣصձ۾ǲԾؿڵϯλ

Ҳħޡ
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֪ԼＸڷ˽Ǹһһĸ֣磬ǸϡʱĻˣºò׵ٻȥ
ѹûвֻҪ

ʦ˷ݻԵöĺɰżȻ
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Ȿħ޹аţȻҪУĿ׼˻塣
˽ûʿʦƭ꣬һֱû𴩡

ʦĵڶꡣ
֮ǰҲԶԶδħ

ʦ䷽ڵ̸ĳ棬Խ̿֡
¶һ˿ħݣ˾ջħϢշ硣
ټһ۾Ϳĵϸͼı֮£ʦжϼΪԶ
ֻΪߵʿȫϢӵ伮֪ġϵ˿ħ䣬һԨĸоȷԼĲ²⡣
һλΪԶħޡ

ʦɣļѾˣǰǼðġ
Ϊ幫ΪʲôҪȡϢϢص֪ܲҡǶҡˣȻҪȡ
ʦ֪ʿķıòαװһ˲ʲô¡ԴҲ벻ԵɣͰԭΪҲһȡеħޣΪ˵õǱʹαװɼӣƭˡ

ʦóۺľսƶ˺ȡ
òΪͽǽڣʱ֪ʵݡ
һΪħ˵ӦǼðʦֱ¼λħһˬɱˡ

صϯֹжȣ̸ţ鲻˿쳣
ʦľǾȲǳˡ

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ֻǻʵ۽̫ߣˣսſ
ĳָѣ֪ˣ졣
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ѣûҪ

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ûһ΢СҪ

ʦ裬Ŀ־ɢһЩ
ѾҪҸǸΪͽð
ո̸æʦʧ֮û뵽һ㣬ޱȰգ

˵Ĵӵ뿪ͷβûʦһ
ʦٶΪʵеûСһеģ

ûϵʦǸѸٵ˹ϵûϵȻֻԼԲ͹ˡ
عϴ£Ůڵ⣬ϥĬĬתħ
ֻȷǿЩҲܰһʿħϣ֮ʱ
ȻΣУʦǸҰħޣвޣħвʵʵڵģϲƿأҪ취

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ħӦһλôλ

Щ˼ģֻܵɺٿ
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ħӡʶ֮Уϸµؿһ鸴ӻɬ׭ģȵطԼ˳ؽ̺˼
չԪ߶ħת
Σֱӽˡӡ״̬ħ˳žζ뵤ִӵγٴѭһ졣
ѭѭϢ
һᣬԸеԼΪЩ

˳״̬ڹתδֹ֮ͣơ
˼ħ󣬲Ż·Էʱ޿̲תΪٶȵȻúܡ

뵽ɴƿ˽ȥ
ȻϥڳƸɴ˯ˣ˯ʱҲΪ




5.     ʲô

ɫҲˡ
ǻӣҪ𴲶飬оֹϸҪ󡣻ʵ۶ԼǳݣΪҪѧϰιÿ춼ʮС

ռϰߣϴϸϸױһȻȥȺϽÿʫͻᣬϼ컹һȥϷ¥κ̤ࡣ
ӦȺݺݺ࣬ŮӲʣͲȥˡ
Ů¶ɫǵǣ

һֵﴦ̾һźħҹӣڻǿտյģûκħһȥڵħȻѾôˡ
˽ԪϡħԪٶ㹻ǿ
ħҲм͹׵ĹҸһ£ж⻯ΪͣӦ̫ƻ

ţʵߵ̫ͻȻ
ȥһĹۡ
Ϊʵ۳ɷרڹڽһСۣƽ͹ʦ»ǵ
ʣʽбȥʲô𣿡
̫СɫֺõЦˣʦҪΪͽأϽȥҪ¡ʦҲѵˣ¾ڹС
ȥԺ͵

С̫ˡ
ţϽڵȥĹۡ

ʵŹʦѧ֮ʦƭʵ˵ʣʵ۱նУɳϡ
Լһӣ⴫Щʵ۾ˡ
ʵ
ͬʱʦҲæվ񣺡
񡣡һۡ

ʵۿʦֿüʦպǼĶʦд˴񡣡
ʦһ˵ĺëҪˡôΪͽأҪֻǸҲͰˣҲǸħޣǸΪߵħޣʦûӡ
ȥɫæԻʵ۵ջȥҹһԣ볼ʦͽ֮Ե
ʲôʵ۱ʱˡ
Եڱ𴦣ΪͽʦϿ֪ٶǰλ˿еĻ幫
֪ʵɫԻλڱ˴ȥɽ硣ĥƬ̣ʦ˼˵޵ļԺҲᱻ˴ȥɽ磿
ʦĶֻ¶ĪЦݵй¶
ʦһ˵֣ʵ̲׷ˣֵʦΪ񲻿ɵʦͽ֮ԵҲӦʦʦء
ʦͷϵ亹ŵҪ̹Уʵ㲻ǹʦ
˵ʦʦʵ۰ѹʦĻǫʦı֪ģʦԷƱ

ǣʵۻûʦĿأƭӹʦɶ£

ʵ֪ˡ
ʵؿʦصο

ʦ

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ʵ۶̫࣬˵ʱҪڹ⣬С
̫ͨһˣˡֻ⼱ҪūŲҵ
սսسһۡ
ʵù۷£ɫԽԽ

ţҪֹ¡С̫
˭֪ʵۿۣʦϷˮأʦܷΪһԣˮʱ



ǣӶҪôˮˣȻȥһԣ
ڶûֱһ漣

棬ʦˣװŪ˵ʧԣǾ͵ˮ´󣬳Ҫʱϸݣȥ£ȳ̸߻ϡ
ʵвʣ׷Ҫòʦ鲻䣬ｫʵۺˡ
ʵʱڵۺúú͹ʦѧЦ͸ʡ

Żʵ۵ıӰʧȻתԹʦʡ㡣
ʦƲҡ
ŮڵţǶ֪ʦʱɻ˴ţˡ
ʲôҵģһ֮ı¡˿Ƶڵҹ䡣
ۿţʵڳûһƷ
vxֺţ   
¡ʦΪ˵

ȥ˺ܶ࣬һʱбôƽӦֱɱһʱ¼ǸħޣΨǻ
ҪҪһݣһеأһǿ޷ƥأΪΣ;ʿ߾ʿΪⲻ˵Ϊ
ʦһҹˡ
̽Ǽ
֪Լĵϸ޿ǡɢޡ¼ҹˡֱӶ¶ݣȻΪʮ㣬֡
ʦѸٰԼλãҪʲô͸ʲôֻҪҪٻ͹ʦĵλԸκζ

ʦ˹֣зԸضɡΪԼҪģȡбҪȥǡ
üʶʱ
һ㡣Цǲ֪ʦϲˡ
ʦһ˵

Ĺе˼оо
ʦˣҪԤҪɵöࡣ
ӻȡһö˵ƺɰɰϹâһһС
˫ַϣǳĹǳżȻãݳѱ죬Ҳ޷

Ƶҳдš

ƪĹһ׶ȡ֮ڶ׶ȡ׶ȡ֮Ѫ˹Ϊƪб֮Σ

ȡҪȡУҪĹطϡ
˷飬ֻ˵һ׶εз

ĿѱӡʶС
鵽һߣϧˣǲȱģֵ½

ʦһ˵ʱȻ𾴡
ʱվˣԼƺȱ˵ʲôʹءǼ¼ģ˺ȱҳļʼղȷ롣ſһжϳȱ

󡣡˲ȱĹȻûб
漰ʦʧɫ
߶µصÿʱ˾ͻеħֱײʹѵǱ֮ף
ҰħȱʶĹ֪޾ôöûҲá
ΪأЦһôʱ㣬Ҳǹϵġ

˵⻰ʱ̬ƽڳ־䶼͸ʦ˵᲻һŭ
ֻһͷĶˡ
۽Ϊһ㡣

ңʦˣҲ뱬

ôô죿

ûˣԷΪĹ
⡭ȥĶѰһƪأʦɬнգȫã⹦ڵϣһᣬܰңҶΪͿء

Сʲô

ܺƭʦԷΪͺɶˡ
ɱһˣɱһʿס




6.     ڱ

⡭ʦԥˡ
÷ȥΪ֪ԼжôҲͣ㣬Ϊϵ൱ڴͷҪϺķ

ͬʱʦҲڸ̸ףһᡣ
ҪȡùҪ빦ֵ൱Ķ
ǹʦ֪лȡʲô
ǹǧ谮һȱǮƲȱȱòҲȱΪʦ벻ͨҪϻȡʲô

óʲôʦ̽ʡ
֪һҪĴۣܷΧ֮ڣûʲôԥġ
˼Ƭ̣ӹУЩ²Գ棬Ҫʦ͡
ʦƾԸ
ȥﱾռʮúÿͯŮֽͯĸɾЩҪע⡣ƽ
סʦСϷˮ޼ҿɹĺӣҪʮѡ֪ʱҪЩС
һ˾㸮СŹʦʮһˣңһ㹦

ǣ
ʦ˿ͬʱָоëȻ
ռСʲôѲаҪСľǣ

ȻҪСһ˵ʦҵ¶ɡ

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Ļǻڡɹͻᱬ壬ȥΪ¹ģҪƭʦԷΪͱǡ
ʦšɹᱬ塱ΪʵȷʵһͻᾭʹԹʦҪڡ¹ҪôáԼĹǷֵϡ
ҪŵֱӸʦҪκδۣỳɹʵԣỳǲǲġҪŵһĴ۸ʦĵǾͻ١
ԸˣȻʲôϵڱ£ѵĶд۵ģԸۣԼȥȡᰲһЩ

ܺ棬㵽ôΪʿģӦûȥɣ
ʦ￩һȥġ
żǿԴľɺɰǳģ򿪺װŹ飬Լŵʿ

 
ʦ⧲ҪҧɰȴЦô±ã
ʦҲǣ۽ʶôͼһ﷨㽫ɰȡȥ

ɰãȥЩͷˣ·ģ壬˵ʲôʱͻȫʧˡ
źɰۣȻһֵĸӦ
ɰĳƺڵħ˹

ɰעħһöӨ͸ʱ
ۼڲߣ졣

öӱóһ˲䣬ʦͻȻʲôƵģɫһס

顿ڵþˮа֮Чǵħնɱãǰ鱻丸壬彫й񡣡



ȵȣҪһۡ
عζˣԭŮħͷҲǳ壬ʵۿٶǰ˿бȥھˣ
ֲüĻתתƵֲü⻯òòôƣԭٰĸ尡 

飬Լڻġ

뵽һӣõģ
Ķô䵽ʦ

ʦ亹йˡ
˵Ĵ˵ҲΪΪѻҪУҲܲԵһЩϾٶǰλ֧֧ᣬһǰе֪гɵĹµ飬㶯ͷѰһö滻ϡ

ôŸʲôû˵Ҫ 顣
˵ʱӿģȴ˹ʦӴѹ
˵

ʦʵʵصΪµģ˵ŵܡɵӺ󣬳Ǹͨ飬ںɰʱһˡ
ӲͨΪ̫Ϳŵ
ӱˡ
Ѻɰӻȥʦæҵؽס
СһۣҲû˵Ҫŷġ

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õˡƪ֪ȡӿٶȣ˹ʦĵϸҪǣƭס˹ʦԷΪ̣֮ѵĶʱ
һ֮ϲ
ܣڤڤ֮жĸӦعͺúоһ顣

ٶǰ˽Ľ˿д磬ȻڡħΪħһˡ
ħʿΧѹħꡣ
ٶĻתڽļϡ

ڻ壬ع壬·һѭ
Щ棬ںʱڽģ
϶ʱ
Ϊ޿϶նɱɱȡ飬ʱΪӦòˡȡΪʲôصػһ˷˽磬ڸУ

£㾡ȥһسŵʡǱߣ֪Ӧ
ǡʦ͹

߳ĹۣϽӡ
һعŮҵӵȥİ˱ۡ

˰죬λҲǼеġгԤۡ
ܳ裬ϼ֦ɫ໻ȡǰ̡һӵòλɳûͦ

ϧûնŪ꣬ؾǡ
Ůԥʵʲô£Ϸ¥־ӵԼӲˬҪ̫ҽƣ
е㷴ˣԭļ֡
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ȳȥҪһʦսľġ
Ů˳ڵ⡣

ȡ飬룬עһ˿ħ
ȻħзӦǲħԡ

û룬黹˷Ӧ

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Ժ˲両ֳһʡ¥
þ֮ЧעħԻþ

ۣоֳһλŮӰӰΪϤ

˵˵ΪȥҪȥ磿ΪҪڣеŮ˵ˣڷ˽ҵĹ𣿡


þеŮԼٶǰǱ˿д

Ȼٶǰļ䣿





7.  ˿   иʦ

þзԻһӰ

Եã㾹ϡһĿģЦ֮˿ξ죬ɽͬ٣ⲻȵ˼𣿡
Ҳ˼ѽСڹÿϷϷɽ亣ζͳɽ亣ζ޳λҶȱڷ˽ϵĻ幫ҾǸͨʿҪӵײͷۣ

ΪʦһУҲû˸۸㡣˵ںСפҲϡ𣿡
еĶˣפ
ֹפ㻹г衣˿һʵΪֻҪʵг趼û˸Ҷ˵ģһ޶һ޶Ǻġ
ȤЦˣǷ˽粻һ˵г裬ָҪͷԹָűء
츳ѣܳΪһǿߡλϣȴʲôʲô磬ΪǶû˸Ҷָֻšƽ

ǹȴԶܴ磬ֻҪʵܳΪʵĵһ ˸Ҳҡ̧һЦ⣬𣿡
ԡдžȡ
̲סҪλ
ǡɣҵĿǳΪŮʡ
ɣʡ
ұҪΪվߵˡ
վߣ˵֪Ƕжѣ

Ҳ֪ҲһԡҪɽ֮ۡȺɽ֮һ¡֪߶Զߡ֪Ϊͨ쳹ʱȺ۰ݷ˾ĸо

˰β
Ȼ׳־Ҹ˵ţ»𣿡εǰ˵ɲ統á
˵붺һ£ʲôӦգ۾

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뵱һˣҲȥһڡƤЦֻ֪δʦʵΣ
ôҲʦ𣿡ḧֳۣŲԻ˽ҲԻ粢޵֣ܻסҵͽҲʲôһˣ̳һܳΪһˡͽܡ
㣬Ըҵͽܣ

˼Ƭ̣ڵ֣صһʦ
ݼʦ𡣡



ɢþ

˰Σ顣
Ҫħܴ߶ոԻôһþѾĵеħҪԻþõħָ

ոյĻþٶǰʦʱ¡
þеŮһһЦƣܿ϶þˣԼ
Իֳʦǰ֮;ˡ

Ļþͼ䣬ֻΪȥģұضԷȥġ
ǰΪʲôҪô
ΪԼǴԽŮħͷϣϸϸʵ²֤ݱŮħͷ

ΪΣǰʲô
ҪѰĴ

飬ϥϴ߶ħӿħָٶȡ
ܵԪŽľѭһΪħ뵤

ӣħָòˣȡ飬עħ

ٴδƮ˳

ΣûԻþ۳һеɫĹӷġ

죬æɫĶһ顣
˵Ҳ֣ĸѱ棬ɬѶȻˣоȡ

һصطЩַط

˿Ĭطơ

˵Ȼð˳
ط˿Ƴɿܵаطɥʧȫߡ˿ǰʵԽߣƳɿܺ󱣴ʵԽࡣħԸ

ѡ˿ݼţϵַģȥһȫµַӿֳ
γֵģһŽ

һڡɱ֮һһԹһƵеĽ˽ħԴ

һᣬַҲʧˣַȻ֡

жݷ⡿ϸлԭʺ֡ħԱ׫

ҸġԴġұ׫ġҡ

жݷ⡷ûðµĹˡ
ΪħֺĹˡ

ûϥָħ
ڤ˼룬˰죬ˡ

˿һڡ͡жݷ⡷֣Ҳġ
һٿȫ飬װļ䡢Ĺиʶ
ֻҪħüþԼطɡ

˼˼

עڡ˿ϡ
ԻļŹؼУȤ




8.     ȫƾֱ

Ŀʶϸж˿Ҫ

Ϊǿǿ뱾Ϊƥ䣬ʶҲӴޱȡ
ֻ⻯Ϊûбļ䣬Ҫ²򡶴ħΪһЩѧٿʶķʶˡ

ﴦĺɫħ˲٣ݡħϵݺٶжϣ죬ͻһ㡣ҪǷ˽Ԫƶ񤣬ͻٶȻܸ졣

˿һŰѻƳɿܵа
͵ȵ˿ɥʧֻľżǰ㹩˲ٿء˿ֶθЩܱ˿һǣӵսıܡ

˿Ǹ鷳£ϲط֣˿ҪʶΪֻҪʶǿ˿ĳɹʾܴ
׼һΪƿܵĲϣطܷ꣬Ĵ֮УȻٰ·塣ƿƿ˿Ҫ˿ǣʹĵĲޱȹؼǴģвͻȥ꣬һ
ʹ˿ӵսܣʹ˿ɴ͵ľżȫȥ˿ʧˡ

о˿ֱŮţžʱȥôá
һ磬ط౻͸ˡûй䣬Ժͱƺڣһ㼴͸һҪЩؼ

Ϣ˵ʵˮʱ״ŭ˻ʵۣʵ۴ҪĹ٣˸Ϊ顣

ŮΪˣΪ⼸ո˺¡ǼϰߣѸµЦ
ЩȤŮ˵ĻҶֻ˵̫ˣͷ
λ쵱Żϵ˹ʦˣŷŭﶼˡŮüΪǶ鲻ǵƽֻΪѹʦˣδʦ˵λ󳼵Ĳǣɼʦؿ㣬С˲ԣġ

紫ʦҪռΪͽϢ˶Ϊ͹ʦѾվͬһսˡһССŮﶮó֮˵Ϊֺӡ
ʦĿʦΪԼ˵
ֻе㾪ȣҰħڳ֮Ȼͦá

ų˰ɡ¿ӡ
Ůʰ׵˳ȥ

߻Ѫƣٶȿ϶ҪΡϧȱҲȥħתĹ
Ȼû취ֱмصȡͽתΪΪķȴǿԽġ
˼飬޳Ϊõķ;ת·ߣֽЩŤת·߸һ¡

ʵҲ֪Ķġ Чôһԡ
ת·߲ԾǾ͸һ˳ת·ߡֿڣǾͻ˳ڵķĳЩֶûҪڣǾ͸ɴɾˡ
֮һ仰ȫƾֱġ

ɾɾĸĵġ֮һݶԭ治һˡ

ħİ桿ħԸħɽӿٶȣֻЧЧ䲻ԭ湦ǿʤڼ߻ħķգΪ޹ͬޡ

ˣ

˼
ħж˿޸ġ̶ǳ˳Բĸо
ƵѾǧٴΣҪ˼֪ôʹʧȥ˼Ҳ˸壬ɴǰľѾΪؿӡ֮С
һ֪ôõģôĲѷ

ϥתħİ桶
ʱһַǳ״̬۾ȴܡΧ˿˿ɫ

֮
ڻʹ£Щʱһãʹͻᱻǡ
ͨǸ֪ڵģҲͨûκãֻܸ֪Ϊʿܽеʿ֮١

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˥֮ƣ֮ס

Ҳģʵۻӹм鳼ңϷˮƵ
ڵڶûѾȱˡ

ѿɫ壬˲еʶһ壬˼άͨ͸ޱȡ
ΪϸСλžߣյʡؿ

Ӧƽ͡嫲󣬿ħһھлۣҲȾħı֮СһСϪħĺħͬΪճڵƬ֮С
һǼʱ

ɫ
ħۣӯΪͻˮɡ

һЩȡ
ڣ⻯ѾΪһʿˣȼƻҪϺܶࡣ

һգ״̬ͣÿ춼Լڹ

ʵЦǺǵص˳˲٣Ǹˡ

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ڵȣȹʦ

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û죬ʦ빬ȥĹۣţҪڹм档

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ܺáһЦձ棬ʱȥ㸮Ͽǡ
˶٣ֶ˵һ䣬ɵò ʹ͡

лʦ̽ǹ
ٸ˼Ƭ̣Ц¾ģʹ͡
ʦһ㶣漴ϲ⡣

ȥȡֽʣд
ʦæȡֽī뽲

Ŀģ⵼¡
Կ죬ʦɷЩ
ĵؿһۣһ顣

ʦдݣԽдԽ˷ܣΪϳڵһŶصķĪİ
˰ӣʦڳдˣֽ˴δɵīϴϲá

֪ΪʲôҪʹͣʡ
֪ʦǳɫض˴񣬡պᾡľɹ֮¡
֪ͺáЦƺ⣬Щ£ݲȥ죬Ժ˵Ҫͷʦ
ʦᣬЦģЩ飬ܽ

ʦΪŷΪ˽ЧʣҲΪ
ʵȻҪȡʦΰˡ
Ϊسŵִ󷽵ӡ󣬴Ӷľġ֪ʦҰħжģȴһɹҲǰ׸

ʦĻϲΪԼܵһŷܵһȻ֪ûسŵ
ʦһУΪɱ
ȸ˸ͷ˵·ǧлԼ߽µ壬һ֪޾ӡ

գȥʦլۡ
գҲ֮ա

ãо˿ҪϣǸֳɵĲϡ




9.     ϲ

ʣǳεĺ

һŮΪҡӣҲһŮΪӡУһʹӣһ
ҡлǰУżӵֵܿĽ־
;ССеע⵽ͷ۵ĽﻹһЩƼݵؤ
Ƿ˽ֵĳǳأҲ޼ҿɹʳӽˣ˵΢ƫԶһЩĵˡ

⾰޲
棬ǰʱǺ־
ȥʦںδ
ħмһʦ嫣仹飬ʱɵˡҪʦڣ˵ͺˡ

Իֳ
ʦš

Ȼ֨ѽ֨ѽͣˡ
һĸߴյԶǰ
егԤ۾ӣ·òǡ

ݼ洫һ峺
һ㶣ƿӿۣµ 

״ʶȤز߽

ûЦݸʢ
ݣʣһòЦʱϾȻСѡ
ţɰܵͣʺС۵

ΪлǸܳһϼ֦
ǰһÿ۾һգգضʵ⼸չٳºǵģ֪ɺã
ܺáЦӯӯֻǣܷŲ
ŹУ빫ˡлæԼŲߣ̽ʵҪȥĶ
ȥǽˡ
лòμ⣬̬֮˳ֺ˵Ȼϲ
˿գۡǰƮƮ˵һ䡣

ޣǰƶ

л񣬡͹
Ҫ뿪øɴ࣬գлôҲ˵仰

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պۣӦϲеزǾ仰һ˵ͼͲŪ͸ŪһֻСèСƵģ͸ġ
ǰлȥ˱ˣκͻǾˡ
˾Ͷයл£˵ĸԼŵȻҲ

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ȥʦõĽħλ
ħλڴһĵ

ʦڳǽһ˽լѼͯŮͯסǶ
֪Լڳڶ֪࣬ж˫۾˸۶ֻԸ˵˵ҪЩСΪ˰Сʿ֮Ҫѡ޸ĸĺӣΪնϳԵ¶ܹͣӦ֮ࡣ
˲̽͵͵ѼСָǳʲô¶ˣԹʦԾʹ󷽷
ҪЩСˣʦʹǲġ
ͷ춼Сױʴͯزʤ˭⼸ӵأ

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񡣡

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ĺǺؿ͹ʦǲ֪ԼôᱻûʵլۡҲ֪ԼҪʲôֻ֮˱ϴ贩·ٳ嵭еĿ־塣

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ܺáǾͿһ䡣
ʦ⣬ֹ

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ոʻкԥһ£Ҳˡ

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ʦԾ˼Ǿԡ

ȥɨЩһۡ

ǱߵʱǸк̲סͷ͵˼ۡ
ûǰÿˣǹǵҲˣŮӦò

ֻʣ͹ʦˡ

ʦԼԵòôУĹ
£ӦԶţ⹦һûõ֣һ첻ܰģ⹦ذ

׼ֽʡɴ
빫Ʋ鷿ʦ׹

ڹʦָǰȥ鷿
˽լװ£Ժ԰ֹʯһȱǽϹҵļֻԲǷƷϵڼɫѣؼֵǡɼʦжơ

鷿ʦѸīֽһ׼׵ڴؿ

˼Ƭ̵ҪڸĹҪ̫ߣ㲻һóɣҪʱ򡣡
֮⣬ǹʦ̫
ʦʧǵᾡ
һ취޳ɹ
ʦǰһʲôܷ֪
Ȼ˵ˣǿ϶ܸ֪ġ
һΪߵʿתħɹ󣬹޳ˡ
⡭ôֻ꣬һħޡʦԥԥص
һҧ

ͣƬ̣˼
Ҳãڱ˵ʲô¡ȼ·Ȼ˹
ʦϲҵëʽд

ĹϹģǸˮƽҲ٣ֻеȹŻ֪Լƭˡ

дϣʦһʵʲô
ȻǷϹȻ¶صצϾ˹ޱĹ

ʦ΢΢̾˿㣬ǻ˳ʱ⡣
ԭ⻹һҪԭĹȱһĹٶȾܴܿܽʧȥΪָ㲻ͻ֮ǣأԼǡ
̬⣬ʦȴ
ǳһʱˡҧҧ¶˾ģͷϹ֮£Ҫͷˡ
ͷ

ʦһᣬϥڵϣʳָڵﴦ
ͷвѪ˿ħһģ񱻴ƵƤһȻɢȥ

ʦȻһѪ֧壬ɫҰ׵빫ҡ

ѪȹϣմǺɫȹѪղǺۡ

üḧȾණȹڣ֪ҪѪԶˡ
ʦæȥǵѪҺЦ빫ˡ

ǣˡأЦŷʡ
֪ΪΣʦʱЦһ˿ЦȻֻ޶Գһֹܡ

﷢

ȳָΪȻǧٱرʦ˿ĭѹеĺ⡣
ԼҪ룬Цһ£ΣЦװ׵شų

Ҹ߿ˡ˵һΪһ㣬һΪѱƭǸ
Ҳǣ㣬ûȥ磬ûʶûû۽磬˱ʹȥ

ʦĸоԼͷ·һĴˡ
ֻһͷϵˡ
Ѫӿ³һѪ

㡢㡭ǰ󷢺ڣƭҷϳΪ

ʵҲǿԲƭģ㣬мʦӮҲúܡ
Ӳ׼֮£䶷²ߣʡķʦ

ʦĸԸطϳΪһֻϵһ׸
֣ѹ
Ϊݣ֮һУһס

ʦʣʵ㡭ΪʲôҪƭң
ôΪʲô赭д˵ɾ͸ˡ

ָ˳֣ڵħָơ
ָ£ƣһƻڹʦϡ

ħ鷿ֽҳɢһء

ҵʹ˲ϯȫʦҪҽУȴ
оʲôҪĶڴг룬Ť£˫۷ Ƚų鴤 òҲƹ

ڣʦһ۵ڵϡ
ִͷ­һɫİ͸ǡ
ʦĻļС

ȡǵḺ́Ҫ˳öࡣ
ǹ۾鷿š

𣿡ʡ

˰Σ鷿űƿһ졣

һкľվǰ

ӹȻܴ󣬾ȻܡЦеس֣
־վſڣԥãվǹ˹֪ܲˡ

ѵϵֽʰɾɫطԸ

ҿϿ°ĭѪĹʦ
ͷһ߷һ߹ɵؼֽţһһãϡ

ϲˡ
תһ룬˵ҲԡҪͲ͵ˡ




10.  ħ   

ҡкҿûţҲš
ܳˣѹʦųһ׶
кɿ˵ҺŸ˲һ䡣

ǣʦˣһ˷ɢţ⼸˻Ǻӡ
ǰкԼʮ꣬ʮѾһЩˡ

ʲô֣
ʣкִٵԪ
ԪʣЦһʲô֣
кǺ
ͷѣׯ˰СһЩ˵Ǻ


кһиֳ־֮ɫۿ˵ĻǴﳶµ˼㡣
ĹֺֻаħŻ˻ǣʱĹˣȹȻ֡˵ˣֶƤҺͺݶĳ

ͷشߴ٣㡣
кΡΡذֵݸס֡
оһɱһȦž˻ȥ

еʡ˼ɿ֡
кûеġʡʲô˼Լ׹ƺϵʲôܸȤ

мġȥʣȡͬ֡ɡճΪɣͽԪɰɡظ˸
кС˵ҡҲʶ֡
֪ôдû ֻסڿʼֽԪɾˡ
ԪɡлͰ͵ġ

Цŵɫϣһֱôɫ
ᣬǼӶûµģǿһֱסܳԱܴů͵ѡ
һԪɻ̼ص
ԱߵĹʦ˾޴ԼҲǸڵϣ˲Ҳ
㿴£˵ȥ 
Ԫɵҷģ˵ 

ܺáִԪɼϣ߳鷿
ĶƵᣬԪһƤ񡣸ղžֳֻڵĻǣҲְֻѻǵ档

鷿߹ɫҴҵˣǿԪɣŵùڵֱͷ
ˡūſܲϣǻŵ
ް⺢ӹҲȥǣؿ𡣡
ԪһѣԪľľߵߡ
ʦ鷿жģߣӽ
ʦÿ˽ӽլ˶ϰˣδġ

˽ԪɴˣҲ鷿

ֹСô͵˹أ
鷿ʲôһʡ
ҡֽһأҰ﹫ʰԪɵͷȭͷ߬ﾻǺ

뿪鷿ȴûзɡ
־ӰΣǸ鷿˴֪¡ԭϻµˣµֶΣԭаħʵڵġ
˭Ԫ̲ס룬ǹ

λ͸һ֣ⱾӦǼ˵£һ뵽ĹʵǸŮ֣͸еëȻ

֮ǸкȤ΢⣬ǿʡ
ʣǸ֮ġ
ֻǲеģҪ۲ΡϸƻʵʩҪ֣ħôûأ

ص鷿ȡʦĻǡ
ǸձȡʱǳԾģҲһ¡
鷿һȦҳһֻʡ
ĥ˵ɰմմħȵעУֽдһöʻӵķġ

ֽһɫķľȻˮһֽŵƯڿУء
رĹɰʡֽ磬ʿɰвѪҺӷĺԵĲɷӻɹʡƳɷֽӷȶԡ
Ȼ˽ûЩһдӼ÷ﻭ
ĵЧۿۣһξͳɹˡ
˵ʦҰħ޸ʲôõķֽʣʵôͣͨɰıѹá

ƯڿеķģʦĻС
Ǿҵزһ£ֱӱȾɫ
ǹؼһѻǷŻعʦ

ȥ
ǻΪʦڡ

ʦָ΢΢˶ؿڴ˺۾͵컨塣

˿´
ʦ˳ӵشӵվֱˡ
ſ¡
ʦſˡ
˵仰˵ݼ
ʦ˳˸񣺡ݼ

ЧﵽԤڣ˿Ӧȫͻûʲô
һʶͿԲٿعʦκ¡˵κλ
Цˡ

ʦ˿Ѿܱ֮ΪˣһͻƵһܣһľż˰ڲ

񡤳ȥʦɡš

鷿˰죬ûκηӦššĸֿãиֳЩɻ

ͷˣӰأħأ
˵õħλΪħƾճǰ

һ񣬽ǡħŵȴΪĻתطתŴħˡ
Ҳ˵ɵĽֱӸҪĽֻܸĳ֡ҪֶҪĽ

ã˼ˡ

ħħ˼ħķʽߡ



磬Ԩ

ɭ·ܸ˵Ƥ֮Х֮ڶԨ˵
ܾ֮ǰŹڵӻᱻͷȥԨ˼ǺڶֽһӡԨ֮УԨɷ
֮Ԩͳ˽أҲûȥˡ

Ȼ䣬ۣرɫ
ԨкХķŴԵø
ţһѪɫĳԨгֱֱʡ
۵ĺƾֱӱѪɫ롣

ױȵķ֮ɢ̹ǵĽֱ
Хķʧˣȡ֮ԽĽ

ӴĺɫӰԨײɳԨʱȴһ͸Ľ硣
Ӱŭײ磬һ죬ѿһߡٴײһ죬Ѻˡ
һײ羵鿪
ɫӰϲõչڿն

פڸڵӸʱľһ
죬ӿɷ졣
ΪԵ͵˱ɷѪ

嫵һʱ쳣ѸٷԨ
νնɨȻ̫ԶһŤӱܹһ
嫼ȵὣס
ڵǿɷͼס

ͷһۣ޴Ŀг⡣
СΪһͨڵĳϸۣܵ׶ֱ׵״
ħ
ӡ꣬ؼա
һΣ֯һ

ħǣýδɣΪԶ嫼״ǵصĽȴۺͶǰͷ
ֻôһ㣬嫾Ҫץסˡ
ħѹû
ĽڿиһڵĿӣ˲֮Уʧ

嫵ͷԨزݺύĻۣ̌ͷϣгƾþûбպϣԶԶȥҲ֡

ڳɫ԰ס
ϸ²żӹ̹磬ôͻȻѣ˷ӡһ˵
ħ˺δһŮԳϵȥˣ
ħǱûʲô

ӱ˪
֪ͨɣ֪ħ֮¡䣬ǰջħӡƷ⡣
һڳ
֪֮ͨڹ̴¡ħɺϣħǰ˹Ҫ¶ˡͳԺ󣬱ȥһħ




11.     ǱȳΪ

عʱûκ˿쳣
Ĳٿ£ʦоֹƽʱûʲô
ûùʦд˷ʵ۸٣ʱ䲻ϳǱչز
Իʵ۵˽⣬׼١

ҹȡ顣
Щʱռÿնעħ֪ΪΣֻԻֹԻƬ
оַѵңȱֻΪ
̶̼ձͻ㣬ٶѾܿˣ⻹޵ģΪһͱѰԪĵط
ѾΪһЩ취硣
˽̫С첻ʲôá

Σħ˵㲻ѰķӦ
ǰһעħͻƮɫ⻪һּħӯĸо
ѵħˣԲ²⡣
룬ħħע룬Ĺ⻪財
һӣħ·𵽴ٽ㣬ͻȻâţһֱֱڡ

һ㶣æӡ
ֻ龲֮ڣħʻ״תҫ۵ɫ羫¡
˼Ƭ̣ʹħע顣

ڵܱ뵤ﲻϡ档İٿȫ鹦ܻܼܲҪ汣ĹͼƬȡǿɾͿˡ

ûʧ
ħעʱһ˲ɫֻԻþǲһĪֱӰ֮ڡ

ڣһƬɻþĿռ䡣

̧ͷһĿ¶ȡ
֮һľܰڷ룬һ伮С
ߵǰϸ˷ġжݷ⡷ҲȻС

˵ɻ
ص㡤顤󡿣ħĴѼ伮䱣֮ڣԻþ֮ٵռ䡣

ͼݣܺãܷ㡣

߻һ伮Ȼ
ǰһСξ룬ǰһȾ޴ľš

һ˲סŰ֣Ҫƿ˵ð˳
ص㡤顤ǧšźħĲּ䡣ǧأһŴһαļ䡣

˶٣漴סŰ֣ƿ˳صľš
ĺû



һյأΪ

֮ű̹ǵȪˮԪӤʿˣҲ޷ںдһӣ䵽ܶѪ⡢ꡣ

д˵ϢһͷӴĺΪʵĪ⡣
Ϊ˸ںͣԴ˵δõӡ֤

ֱ

ǹƥ˺

ڵӵİۣŽڿй۲Ρ
µ̶ˮʺɫס
кؾͶ̷ˡ

˼˴νڵ̶ˮˮӿ
̶׺Ȼˣɺӣչˮ

Ķ֪Сű徲ΪΣһڷͫĿӡ
ǰʵǷԸƽֻʦˣѪΪҩֻ֮ǰѪˡ
Цˣʦ˹ʲô£Ѫʲô裿
ƺ˼һǰǲˣ

ǰ˷˳ڣǣƽ
Ա˯ãȻ㿴־ɫ˵˼

ԽѪߣҵĳ輧

ԣȻЦ
Цʱòкż³ĻҲŴ̡
˵ѪǸӣ滹Լˣ

ºϲԭǸСˡ
֪ˣֻͨʵ۷

ɸһսư
Ӯ㵱ҳ輧䣬Ѫ㡣

áһЦħΪġ
һǾħΪġ

Լ䣬Ƴǿǧ꣬ôһͲŮޣ

Ǻˣ

ڣ

䣬֮㷢ԽĽۣɽ㵹
¶أ˿ϵĽȸոջĽǿȵǽоȻŨѪɷ֮
ֻնɱ㹻飬вŻЯѪɷ֮

ʱ׹ǰŮ޲ǸƲ硣

⽻졣

һս̮±ڱ⣬̶ˮ롣
һսֱӸı˺ĵΡˣֻҪϲյˡ

һսǰˡ

ڶսлΪԭεû뵽ֵܵʴƬҲסĽС
ƤⷭһֻǱݺݵ׹䵽ײ

Ҳ˵òᣬ̷˵ҩƻָò࣬ϵǡ
ҲӲȥˣҰɣĺòϡ˳ְյ˴óһ˶ƿߵ߽Ѫ
˿ڶ࣬ƿһͱѪˡ

ţҧÿ죬ر֮衣
ЦңҾһ顣

żƿѪﳤȥ߻ۡأֻڵؿš

ܴ裬ٶȳ̶

ȬΪҲһس˺Ҫһѩǰܡ

ǻûҵţҪԼս

ϲȻؿħΪģӮˣҵĳ輧
áӦøɴࡣ
ᣬˣҡ

̫ԾĶעԾ
һμۡźȹ彣Ҳԭһѡ
ϵϢйŹ֡

Ҫҵɫһ
ЦЦͨڵĳ

ҵʦһвδѪҲûн顭
ĿŲϣѪ飬Ҿúܺʡ

ɫ䣬ҪΪǿȴһۣǵصħ˳Ⱦտ춼ɫ

㲻ǵ𣿡𶯣㡭Ȼħˣ



֮ӻþѡ

ԴãȻع۲ܣڻʹ
ʹ̫Ѩֱˡ

ոյþоȡ
ֻһԻȡεļƺɳǧţǧؼ䣬Ҫ

⴫Ůֵĺ
üʲô 

Ůʧ̬ŵسڵʹϳѪɫ󣡡
һѸߵ⣬ա

ڵҹϺһ޴Ѫɫ硣
ѪɫþòɢʲôµĶշӶ

תһһٵŮոշʲô
ūڵֵأһڵϷɹɹɫͱŮŵö޳ˡ

ͻȻðĸ֡

ħλ

飬˽ˡ

ƣ˶յĸŸɶȻ
˵ǻɵ˽׷ħټ

ػţ ˵Ϲ
ȷʵ𣬵ǲһ˵ˡ

Ů޿䣬ʹʧ룬ԭλһƬңͷľ󣬾ֱӻ޹

ԼĴ齣ȻһĨӰ齱ߡ
ϣһڵĳ

Ӱ˶¶һſ

㾹ȻûЦħ䵽ĵز

ϳոջļþгֹ
㣬Źֵص

ĳ輧ȴһ٣󻹱ȵ˽ĺ





12.     ʦͽһͬħ

㡣ôԱ۵Ӷܰˡ

ǰ㽵ٽʹʱô벻ڹעѡ

ǧɵƧķ˽㣬ȴҸĶ󣿡ŤҪΪΪԸ㣿

ޱؿ˵
ǰ˵Ҫǹô̵ˡ
ˣﻹǴһֻɡ
ɱ˰Ѫ顭ôܲ
һǴͬھ˼أ

ʱҰڳһϤ֡
ɫԭǻںħնɱ껯Ϊ飬ѪħǰħʿַӡԨ˯Ľգڴӳ˯ѣعħߡ

Ԩħӡ֮ء

ߵ齱ߣִħ

ħĽҲǺɫɫм˼˿Ѫɫ·ĵЩа졣Ľһϸۣܵб䣬ĩһͻ׵״۾ǶѪıʯʯ˸ῶ
˵ħǻҲûϾΪһˣħ顣

ħԻֳ谮ͽ֮ħΪע뽣飬ѪɾµһħɷѹɷԷɱ顢ѹħߣΨħ

Ȼԭ治ǹģǿƲסɷ

ޣ㼯һħɷøס
ʱʱ̶̿ɢſֲɷ˸޷ʹֻԷӡѹơ

ڣħϢƽȡ
סħ֮ħһص߾ͱ˳ɷҲ硣
ϤĸоȻʳָ½Уָ̰⻮һӡ
ħħħһĵ

ӣһСħ鲢Ʈš

δ㻹һزʶôҺĺ㣬㻹ҡŭδŸղŵ鲻ţҪǻҡܷĵңǸɴȥҵˣҲܽѡ
ôί𣿡ֵؿһۣЦˣ˵èըëԹġ
˵è뵱Ѫ
Ȼѻ٣Ҳ²

Ц˵㻹ǺúôӦʦְɣɲǸʡ͵ĵơƷʱ嫾ڳ
˵һصħ֮С

ܲħ֮΢ϵҲܲͰϵ
ֻһͷĨɱĴڡ⣬ȻԽžԵƿ
ģʵûָʱһߣҪհǾûʲôùǵˡ

ĿħƷ⣬Ŀ϶ɻ
ħΪʲôͻȻƷ⣿
ħ֮ħ쳣Ƿйأ

嫻᲻ȥһħ

뵽һϥתĻתعԶħı塣

Ŀ֮Ǻڰħɺˡ

ᶯһӣķħ㷢졣

մħʱһƬãȻ
ڣеãȻʧˡиĴڵȴ׷ѰѾ˷

ġ
ϥڵϣԸӦħɷħЧ̫ǿΪѹơٴ㣬ͻᴥħϵĽơ
ֻ֮ʱ

ұڣŶ棬뿴嫾᲻ʻ

ûȶá

ħڻڰħ

һۣ߽

ʦ֣ôˣͷ
ѹŭǲ֪

ʲôװ
ħƷ⣬ǲ֪صһֲ߻ģԲԣ
ħƷ⣿⵹ǳҵϡǲ죬ЦҲ̫߿ˣʦ֡ұˣҪڱôãֻӶɲħĶֶȥ߻£
ħ֮ħƷ⣬ȴ˵ʲô֪嫵
ħѹһУҺħĸӦжˣ֪Ʒ⡣Ծڴˣ㰮Ųš

ûץסƷħǰɣЦҪץסˣʦͲ˴æˡ
嫿ΣͻȻħȥ˷˽硭ΪʲôȥǶ
һ㶣û뵽嫾Ȼô֪ˡ

֪ɫԣʹħƷҲ߻Ӧ̷ħҳħ飬˵ħԼˡ
ǡ˵е嫵ʹħĲֹһˡ

ɶ

˵˵ħ֮Ψһһʹħˡ
гʹħ

ֳħߣѽ㡣֮⣬ϻڵڶʹħˣǾߡ

ֳʦ

ħѶ֪٣ȴȵһͳħд˵ˣд˵ڱչء֪ûô嫵ֳţ𣿡
ﱥɱٻħΨֻܻʹħ


֪ôӻ⼸仰ϢҲ̫ˡ

Ѻһμ嫣˵Ǹһͬħɱᡭ
Ǹˡ
ѵǸˡָľʦ
ʦֳҲħˣǸʦһħģ

ٳħơһεħսǾؿҪܲܵеù֡

ֳûţֻ֪֪ٻħľˡ
ĶľıĶĿƣ
ȫԼԲİ

Ÿɶǲǰ˽磬׷ħټĮҲţòһۼ

ӣǧֻһ仰

ʦ֣ˣ




13.  ħ֮   ˻žҪѧ

ص⻯۶ŴϹҵᣣ˼

鰽֪ʱˣؿڸոգȥ˱ĵط
ܸ֪ħ֮ķλںηȥηΪָӦŻƷһʱ˽Ѱ

ԭˣҶˡ¶Ȼɫûӳħӳֻꡣ뿪ħȥ˷˽磬Ȼĸ˸ϵǣޡ
顣ÿ

̣ڳ
ǰҲΪʱ飬Ĳʣ̲סĲڡÿ˵ƮƮһ仰ţȴô
ʱˣѧ˱졣

ɰЩѽ⡣
귽ȥʡ
ħش
һΪѾ˱壬û뵽Ȼ⸽ǡȵħΪ˼嫣
ǡǺʦѾ˷˽ˣħƷʦɵġ

׻װĻ
ǧŻȡɳŲһʱٿһš
ðˣ˽ĹȥǲŹ׻ġ

֪ʧ䣬˵ЦЩڼʿһزʹֳˡ
Ȼꡭֳؽħǰˣ
嫲ˡɫص
˵ӲʹǰĻ˵Ⱥ֢̫ˣô鷳°ͣ˶ֳˡΪʲô룿

̽ǲΪ˻Ȼ䣿
ܰɡض˶٣ôе㲻Ծüǰôֻ࣬һɵ档


ǰô

ˡصֻǺܺǵĴԹ죬ʲôĴԹŻɾԻ·һ̣

һ˵ͷǡ
Ϊ֪о͸ʵµһ˵ĹҲµһ
ɽ춾˲٣ⶼǶĿȾѧģֻѧ˸Ƥë

ͷ͵Ҳ棬ϾЩýֺͷ붼ܵó׵Ľۡ

˯꣬þˣһʱ仰е࣬վ齱߶߶ġ
ΪָһҪȥѵڵź⣬ƥҷԨġҧгݣ赣ŮӵɽҽڣҽӲûóѡˣԶ
һ֣Щ˵״ƺǺ޵

ˣЩ˶ڷӡħʱرǳ״Ҫ
ܵӦ˼䣬Ȼм°˵֡

ĺʦܳ䡣˵ͣһ£Լ洫ķӡط˳ҪϹƷӡˣҪǶꣿ
䡭ü
㴳뺮ȡҵѪأЦͷҷӡˡ

ϰԵؿʦ嫺޲ýʦܳ壬ħ룬Ψһʦ𻹱ɱˣΨҶħҲһĹ¼ҹˡ

˵һ顣

סɻʣʲô

ղŵĻ˵һ顣

ڷʲô񾭣ڸоԾˣԾؿҴ̼ˣҲᱻ̼

ҽʲôҪʲôһ䡣

ﷺϤĺ⡣
ǰʱԸ˵仰˵졣Ҫ鲻ãͶ֮֮ȥ˵仰ǷҲ÷ܣ˵Ļݱʽģûоܾء
ոǸʹͷˡͷͻᵹù

ʶرˣò
ûʱŰĿˣڶһ
žҪѧˣ˾ͻᰤ

ʵɱʦ𣿡

㻹˭ĪؿħͱֲԼͱġôңôǡʧһ

ǣҲǵôǰκˡ

ʧɫʧˣ˵µģ߻ħµģ
֪ûʲô飬ʣشҵǡ
ĬƬ̣ӵصʰɡ

ɱֳʱǸʲô

ʱҸձħһΪ飬ħȥֳıչ֮㵱ʱѣûħļ󡭡ֳ;Ƕûз
ʦͽһһ֡



ǵգֳֽߡ

ɫƽֳҲɫƽ

ʱˣСֳ΢΢һЦֻء

Ž׼ֳֻ࣬ǰʦûʲôҪԵ˵𣿡
Ҫ԰ɣ

ֳ˼һЦǰ·ѣʦʱܻʵǴ֮ˣҪԼΨһҪĻˡ

ֻ·ɣӻʦ

áº͵

͡

ħ壬Ѫ˿罦

ֳ֮һǰħ

ƽħɣձħޡǿӲвֱϴߵɱ
η壬˳Ϊͽ˳Ϊµһˡ

ħħ֮




14.  Ǵ   Ǹ

֪ľЩἰǰ£ֻ֪ͳһħģĴսҾΪߡ

֪¶˵˳
ɱأûħʱϵɷնɱаħܶģħɷԽԽء
ħɱ˶ˣǲˡӡ̡յһսħڸϣҪֶԸ
ħ޴֣ڵһӵϣħûվȽŸҲûüţֻӭս
ħ磬ݺᡣ
սսֻʣһˣ֫ȵɢ䡣µʬ壬ɸߡ

ⳡսĵصлƽԭ
սǲٽطΪƽԭ
ǽƽԭ

һ˲Իֳĵӣߣ츳ߣ˼ʮɱΪһĴʿ
ħħʵһ¥Ѫѻģĵλʬߵġ
ʱħ
ħıȺħֻݱâԿ

Ҳû˷ҲûʿͽҪɱ
û˴ù
ʵһеΪóеκκȫʵ

ΪʵĽǿ߱ԸΪЧ
һһ齨ġ

Ա˵
Щ¾ɵһֻǰչ

Щʱ˻䡣
ʹģΪٵнֻ꣬ū͡
߾ˣɥʧ˷֮ģΪķעġ
ǿߣһ۲۵ǿߣǿ˿ɵУ벻ʲôܴ

һ⡣Ƶʣ˵Ҷǿ޵ˣôȺѹħأ

١˿ɵУȴ⡣

һ̫Ǵˣֳ°ͣ뿿ϡ

⵹ǡҡͷǧпܷʿֻҪܶɹ٣ܷϽ硣ɽ٣һ⼸ǧδʿɹҪô׽»ΪɻңҪôڶɽʱˣú䡣
Ҳûܶɹ׽٣
ԣʧˡħΪ㵲һףܴȺڼʿܳ͵Ϯ㡭
鼫䲻ʣն׽٣ȺɵĻ֣㶼֪ˣ㱻ħҽ޸鴴ˣȻ󱻷Ԩ

޸𣿡
꣬޸ˡֻǰϹŷӡѹҵӳˡңõԼҵѻָأ
ħʱδоﲻʣǻָˡȷص

ѹħƺͷħϹıҪƽѡĳЩ⼸϶Թȥ
Ȥصҵģ
ЩǺĵģǶ˵ΪȥɫˣһЩͲôˣǺ㣬ֲҶ㶯֡ʲôصǰʹΪʲôҪѲֵεߡ˵

ҾǺҺ޵ץȴò̫Цˣÿ࿴鶼ãԾǡ

Ϊľٶڱǽɵƣǽš
ŵʱȺ滹񣬾ǸʲôıƣҲܰȻ⡣

ʱôش𣬾һ⣺˵ʲôһ𣿡
ңȺʲô𣿡

ʲôأܲ죬ȻҲ㣬ûҲһͷڵĴѪҵħˡ

ô˵˲̹ˡ
Ƕһ޶ģȺ治һ

ʱԼв
㲻ΪʲôҪһΪūŮħͷ
ûϸϸھֻǰԭ򵥹Ϊ꣬ò
һ룬ȺûʲôˣϾǶǱǿġ

ĻѣϤֿɶ
ռݵ⻯òƵ˼飬⻯СȥʮꡣһμѾǾ绪ĴˣΣǰŮģ
е㡭ϰߡ

֪ҷȥ˷˽磬ǻɵ顭˵ҲõħƷϢͻȻһ׷ħ

˼ͷ⣬Ĵֽӳع⡣
ˡ
֪ȺڵȺ




15.  տ   ɵӵ

⼸ģÿ￴صĵ伮пջȥǸ
ĺôǳ˻ʵû˸ԼġʡæˮʹǳƤҲûչ
ڣ쳣С

ôżơ
Ȱһȥɽֶһ󣬵ΪָڵҲˣٳﻮԽ¡
ǲӱܣǽбӡĵȰΪ˶㣬ˣҲˣǶɡ
ܾˡ

Ҳ㣬Ҫҡ
ַʲô񾭣ɵʣҪ 

ƵĻҲ˵
ĳΣøʢʿҪΧɱΪ
Ȱ⼸˲棬Ƕǻʿüˣ㻹ǱܱܷͷɣҪ㲻Сıɵô죿
ʲôܡʱҲô˵ģҵҴܡ
ȻǼʿÿ޵
һһ߳⣿һΪжţأԽƤԽĶʴʰ

һΪǿҵݡҲħǽ裬һûΪķˣΨһֵûɵĵطҺλħ̫ˡ

㬵㡣

ⱾΪȻҵģûЩ߱ǿķ֪⻯ΪЩҲӲԱķ

Ҳ⼸յһá
Իþ֮Ҳ飬ڲһϰʵе¶ա

һһŽ
ΪѾ߹·ޱ˳Щһ۾ͻᣬΪҲѸͻĲ㡣
Ϊֲ˽Ԫѷȱ㣬ȥվǸ취ΪԽߣȡԽС

ҹû˯Ҳû

Щ·ѧطŮȻħɣȥ˹⡣

ȥʡ
ȥβ

ѹʦ˿ʿٷ˽磬ܻ䴫в³ʦݡĸµʿ˵Ҫֵһһ˳ϲ鵽Ͳճˡ
ʦǸʵСкԪɣʩչ˿Сۣʿʼܾȫˡ

һ˱÷ʽǸɵ
ǹʦԪɶԤӣ׻ȥӣΪϸӲңɾյӸҡ

ʱҪõһ˱ķʽˡտӡ
һַǳƫŵطҪӡ߱ȱӡΪߡ

±տӡķʽϴһ
ֱտӡˣʹѻ꣬Ҳ޷ϻȡ鱨

ʦҲᣬѾǸˣֲֶν
ԪɾͲһˣ뱣عܡ

ƮƮؽ䵽ʦ˽լ
ڵħƯ࣬鰽֣Ҫʲôβ
и֪ʿҪ졣
㵵ǰɱС
Ҳɱеá
ʣһСƨܶʲôã
ʲ˽Ǹᣬ˵ᱻΪͽҾżȻġ
Եףˡ
ǡͨҵ˿۲˼죬⺢ԲҲʵֵ
Ҫˣ
˱ ⡣

ҹ¶أɭɭ
ԪɴоѣСӱŴ棬͸ģĴֽԺվһɫȹӰ


Ԫŵˡ
뿪̿벻֮У±˷ֹʦˣǸֵǣ˼ʱʦɫ糣ڻ԰ɢȥ
ô£ʦǱǸµŮħɱΪʲôȻֻˣ
ǰŵĹʦǹ
һգԪɶڹ۲ʦԽ۲ԽëȻ֮ǰ鷿﷢һз·һجΣԪ֪ǲΣǾʵ¡

Ԫԥ˰ΣƿӴЬ߳ӡ
ģҵ

Сȷʵ󡣡һİ
ԪɻŵŤͷŷԺǿӰ¾ȻվһˣǸйŹ֣ǰ͸ģ˫ͫȻǳɫġ


Ԫ߹ȥС
ûаҵ鵽˵ܺá
Ԫɽ͵ūūŲҡ

˽ѧأԪ֪ʱԳūšԪȲԳƣôûзԣԪֻ
ʱԳūʱĲʡ
Ȳʣﻹǿ־ࡣ

ֵúܺãһЦиҪҪ
Ԫ¶ãȻؿ



Ͱ뿪ʦ˽լʱڿУѾĸˡ

ǸԪСбտʱûвˡɱƳ˿Ĺʦô죬Ƿţʡ
û£žС嫻ʦڰвٿһУǾͽƾͼƺˡ
˼˵Ϊ˿ֳһҲã˲ῪڣֳҲӹײ㡣

ֹ˼գϷˮδˡ
ʧ

ʱ䴫է˵˽ƽϢˮ

Ů⴫ŵȤ½ĩ˳羴ӽ
ЦЦ

ʲô˽˽׷ħټɵӵˣǱʿΪֵ˳˾ˡ




16.     ֻħͷ̫ƻ

㻹ͺɻɻʲôÿģ

£ʹӦ˼ǰõļŮκͻ˳άһ¹衣

мһأʮһÿοʢɫ棬Ҷ񣬱ǰ⺮ÿˡ
ͦÿģϧҲǵˡ

˿һδϣ໹λʢװĹС㡣ڴβƮŲֹһδ˼Ҵཫ˴κͺΪ¡
γ֣Ҳγ֣˿Ϊһ糤СϡϴʱߵĹŮάīÿ

֮ѪκͻΪִһǧš
ﲢûзľװĻþǰʱ¡

ǻʺĵճĸ󲢲øϲûþȻĸ˼̺󣬼̺۸ڹﲢù
ʵ½½˼ܵáʼҹ飬Եûκθ顣
ĮػţڹĶǵĹбȫԼѾ˼Ӯøʵϲܵ顣
󣬼ǣ̺ȴԸȥڹס

һ¡
üɱ˼̺

ţֳˣ͸ˡ
ȥ磬Ҳûع

ʱʢʱȥĺͺɡ
һŮۣͣں룬ŮΪԡ

ʱţת˲
£˿

еˡ૵
һԵСֺ̫õūȥΪժ

С̫ߵβֹժ䡣
ҪȥץԶһ䣬һûվȣֱֱˤ˴
ͨһˮС̫ˮڡ
๾࡭ҡҲˮС̫˵һ䡣

ڵļλŮһŲæˮȥˡ
˵ͬʱѰѴŵһȥС̫ץסûС̫̫ţץסһˮ³

ҪˮУȴһ̵ƿˮС
ǡұߵС㾪
ޣȴǱʵķɽ
ɽˮС̫࣬С̫ŽɽƮؽڴβֻΪԶ

ˣϼ־ϲæĴ
½С㼤˵˽ٽģ
СֵС̫ã˾ˡ
ơ½СȹվβΣ뿴ںδ
Ƴ۴βʪʡµС̫࣬Ůȥˮ³
ŮӸղŵоѣæӦǡ

صǱڵӵĽ
֪ɫش

ѽΪȫ䣬ı˿ϸ

һȦĿڶϷԶһСδϡ
ƮƮλС㣺ոǵɵǱߵС
ǿҪȥ½Сϣ
С͵ɫأ

Ǿ͹ȥˡ˳ˮۣԸ򻮽
С㲻һˡ
Ǳ֮¸ߡʡȻϣ˸ɡ
С˿½С㽵ʦҲˣ֪Ǿ˵ȡ
ȥ½СɫһףŵͷǸŮʧԡ

ջߣС

СվһŮŰ£彣
Ůյǿˣ
ʦãҾͽ㲻Ҫ嶯һʳȵεǴ˶࣬˾ˮߵġ
ǡŮ졣
ˣôӦ洬ϵ˰ɡһҿǼŮŴ粻ӦǹټС㡣
Ҫܣʩ۷˦ǡŮתת
Ҳֻˡζӡ

Ƕ洬ϴǵŮȴͣס˶

Ͽˣܷһ

ŮȵקקԱʦֵӣǲ취Ӵ֮ǰ;ڻʶİգҲ˵ӰɵʹϿվʧˣ

ĵصȶӦ

ʱһŮӴ߳ңң
һЦл˾ߵС̫ࡣ
ѹС̫ҡҡλεضд񣺡л˾֮

λγƺʡ
ڳȡΪ׵깰֣سˣֻҵֱɡ
һڣԡ
һŮòΣű̳ڣ顣

λ˶٣żɽġʡ֪λɷȥʹͣʡ֪λ

ģҲøࡣ
һ·Ҳ˺ܶ䴫ţʵ۳ɵӹܣʦ˽ʵ۳ɾʹҵġ
ʿַ˽磬ǹء
ĹʦҪô˼ٰ磬ҪôĳʿǺߣôھͱҪһˡ

˼˴ȹϵʢ룬¹

˳ûϵǻӦ˳
Ҳûϵǵж˳θ幫˻ʹҪħټͷˡ

⼸ڵСҲ̫ʵ˰ɣϹתһ룬ô˵Ҳԡ˭뵽⹫Ǽðģ

û۶ֻħͷ̫ƻ
ƭ˲٣ൽһܺˡ




17.     һģһ

ڵӵִʹʱʵ۹Ȼϲ

ϻۣǸʵĺŮһͨޣλҪڽͣãҪúдλ
˵գʵ۾ߵ̫֪ͨŷ硣

º͵ؾܾҵ֮˲ؿڸ֮ʦʦýѱٹȣϲذ硣
ʵɫһ٣üΪٹȣ
ٹȾǲóʳƾҩԼԪ͵
λĪǲӦ磬ڲƭޣʵ۲õ޵ĹʦҲ޵ߣôδ˵ٹȡһʣ

Ϊ̫ˣٹȡ

һ㶣û뵽ʵ۾ɣλͬҲûӦ
סҪʵ磬ס

룬λʦзʽҵͬʿиĵʽǵʽ
Υĵظͣʽ޸ߵ͹ֻ֣֮ڸѡͬˡ
˰죬Ҳʦ˵Ķԡ
ʵ۵ɫŻˡ
ԭˣˡ

ʱس棺λԶغƣǰŸطϢ֮¸˵Ҳ١
ʵ۶ŮǺɫܵ
Ƭ̣ʹһۣ缸λסǶɡƽϰҲڵϾһͬ۵գ

ڵ໥ӣŹֵصͷӦá

Цú࣬ʵ˼ɵ˸ʿ۵²ҪЦ
ʦƭˣȻιʦΪʵ߸ϣһɰ֮ˣİҲʧ̸ֹܿ

ʵ¸߰Цʦ⼸ڱչأȻҲˣأ޾Ǽһ档
ҵд⡣
ʦǹһ֪

ʵֶǼ⣬ȽǶԴֹȴֻԵǫѷ񣬲Եġ
ԼСʱ̫˵ڵˡ

ʵͷϣֵš
˵˵оǸֳһͷ䴫ŵʥǻ²޵

ȹֵҵȻڽ̵ͣʱգʲôʣʱԽ𡣡
֮ûʵȥ񣬲üһʱ
ʵԥ˺һͷǼλ˾ǰȥϢɡ

Ա̸û˯ò׽ˣˡ

ڵһ߳
λȥĹۡʡΪרڻʹｨһۣӴλʡ
͹ˡס

߷ߵλʦִʵ۹ȻǻƫС˲˵ʦ˵ĻǼٵģΪӺϷˮйʧ
ʦãϽڷ˽粻£ҪմȾҲ⻰Ҫ˵
֪ǸʵۡɲƽǸʵҲ̫ˣʦ־Ȼҡ
ûΪҲ˻ʣǷ˽ˣԾؿһۣʦֲ˳Żʵ۵Ļ˵ڴŭ˻ʵۣǽ£
ʦֱһЩεԺҪѧС
ǣʦ֡λƺҲ綼ûˡ

ȲĿ˿΢΢ü
ܾü졭벻
ôܼǸˣһûȥ硣

ţͻȻǰħ֮Ϊͨ쳹صŮħͷҲǳ塣
Ժһ
ˣԼǰȥһڵĲ󣬷ʦ֮ɨһĻ񱻷ڲˡ
һʱ򿪿ˡ
һֽľˡħ

̲ס̧ͷһһԵļȻ֣ħȻò˼顣
Ųһײ
ʦôͻȻͣˣ
Ǹʶһ䣬ֵºȻ뵽һЩ顣

˵ͷĹ۵ˣλŮڹš

ʦʦý񣬸Ĺۡ

ۺüۼȾЩɫһ̾ѯʵΪ̾
ΪĸǸأǳ
⡭¶ɫ
ƢֱҲ֪ܵ˵Ǹ

ˣĸ֮ԻɽȫʦʹִȰʦʲôˣǸƭӡ
ɫ֤ݣ
ǰЩӹʦձΪͽñһͬɵ¶һġˣڲƭĸʣ泯ᵳӪ˽ǰձ·˽լ㱻ȥ͡Ȼ󱾹լϼһЩúÿͯŮͯ
Щ޸ĸһ󵨵С߱ʦרȥϷˮ෢֮أЩΪ¶СֹɣռСǱġ

δλڵӱ롣
ʦĪͯŮͯеħаޣ

ܷģԷĻʿڲӲȿο
˿䱣֤ͷˡ

һ
ԹۣڵСײЦһֻ֮С
ˣܿԸͷҲһȤ

ﵽĿģڵӵǣƵ뿪Ĺۡ

Ȼ뿪󣬳ȴӴͳһöӡ
﻽Ϊͨ־߿ԶǧԻ

ȵľгһϮۡ

ʦ𡣡صʹһ˳ֻһ¡Ӳ֪òøʦ𡭡
л˵嫣ԥǶʲôò⣿
ǣС´ʦ𡣡ȳӼһԱǰλһģһ

嫴Ӳ֣û˸
ʦŭ¡

嫽ǳĬһ͵˵ħ壬˸
ô򵥡Ƚһģһ
һģһסˡ




18.  İ·   ʦܶб˼

ӿ԰òͶӰȵ
嫳Ĭû˵
û˵ǾĬˡ

Ͷͨϡ
ڿһ˲䣬ͣˡ
ģ̫ˡ嫶ޱϤէһϴ

νʵ۵Ů裬衣Ƚ͵һֻǾüе죬ڲĻҲŷǾȻô񡣡

ϸϸض꾵˵òòԱȡ
ƺһЩǰޣͬǿһ۱ˡ
嫵ļУǴڰɫѣʱףħ󴩺ڡһӻɫȹĵӲεɫ

ɺϰˡ

ȼصҲɺϣֻܹ˾е㡭ôʡ
Ǻ£嫴ɻбҪ
ʦйŹ֣仹δȷݣʿٰģпħޡȵҺʦʦûȥݡ
ãΪʦ֪зִ硣嫵
ֵʹ·ѾѯӰ֮£δʳʲôħɵʹϿվͲˣ˶Ϊ֮ס
嫵飬ħƾʧ
ǣȵ

˼Ƭ̣ʦǰս˱չأҲȥ˷˽硣ʱ䣬Ӧÿ쵽ˡ
˿ǵӾڴ˴ʦ塣ʦڣҲܷʲô⡣



ҸʱΪ㲻мˣĻֹҷҴס

ʵûҪˣĻ
һȥܲƽһڣı𣿸ûá
ڰһǿǾ̫ˡ

úͦˣĻģʹ˼ӣħһܾˣ£Ԫ˵
ʵὣɱȥǿǳûСһʱ²سԹϿϷϷ˹ذγ˽

ҵĹӡģõظϵССһ顣
ҪǲˣĻڻʹˣʦȥ磿

һ
ἰȥ£żڲһ䡰йʱӱܹȥÿȥ̹Ȼ
ѳڣΪźͬеĸ飬һ
һ֮ˡ

㵽׻ָ˼ɼ䣿ӵʡ
ħﴦҲڵﴦ԰֪öӵá

²¿Ц⡣
Ҳ£Ƶ´Цң¶㲻ϡ
ȻˡЦ

㶼

ڵˣĻǵʦҲΪȵݡ

ɫȡڳ嫵ͽһţΪԲ

ʦֶ
˷ݣÿϧˡ

˹ؿϡ
˱裬С̫ڸҡȣŮΪѡ˱仰ýζ

ɫ΢˵ţ׼ޡ
ϨֽһƬɫŮڵ⿴أع鵤ڵħ
жͷϵΣ£ڴϽþϰ

֪˶ãȻˡ
һ޹Ψһȼŵҡҷ£˻ĻͻȻӳһ˵Ӱӡ

괫Ǿȣ䣡
֪ȵװ˯¶

ɫ䡿ʿڳϣʦ廼ʱ

һһװ˯Ӱӽ
±ۣҲܸоȵĿ⡣
ܲڣǵĿâڱȻȣװ˯

ੲݣ㵱ҾΪΪȡѪȻеίСӾǸǣԺҪҸúýѵ㣬һΪǼڵСӸ˵ʲô᲻ᷢˣ
ᣬħ

ĬĬעų˯Ů
ȷʵ񡭡ϸ΢Ĳͬ
ʦǸЦַˣǰСݻۺŮĽᡣ
ʱʦʱþģɡ

ִݣᡣ

һ£зЩŹֵ
ˣʦܶб˼

ʶǸ˼Ҳٿһˡ
һʿһħ֮ǵˡ
ôһ롭ȻеСˣ

һ˿ζһȦ

ˣвʡ˼

ӵؿؿһ
ֱֽ̫뿪




19.  Ĳ   ʵûκŵ㡭

ôˣһֱĵ
Գ˽٣

еش仰ʶһʵ
Ŀǰûлָͳصļ䡣
ǵó䡣
ǰǵãɺ˽ʱһȷغˡ֡
ǵǵó䡣
һˡ

Һм֮Ե˽⻹һЩģΡûʶԼ΢
˵˵
ҵһμʱѾɽˣ˼֮ÿμ涼ضһܡԭǧƪһɣȰȥ㲻ءͲȰˣֱӴ򡭡Ȼ򲻹㡣

ɳŰ
֪Լ򲻹ӲҪִŵȥδԸ
δζñˣȥˣܡ˶˵̣ͬŲ棬ףѾˡ
ֱɱ˳䣬ǷŹ

ΪɶǷ˳䡣
ʵҲħʦΪʲôɱ

Ϊβɱң
ڣһǿ㳤ġ

仰޹ġ
ΪǹģΪʦиġ

Ȼһ仰Ԩ

˿Լèèצӷŭֻɰ

仰˵ʱϵЦݡ
˲ɫҰס
˻ûצèɰΪǶ첻ʵʵвè˵в˾Ͳǿɰˡ
˼ǡóһֻͽͻצèΪв̫СóΣգֻɰҿЦ
սȴ׻ĹèӵһȰ˵һһʽ̺ŭСһ
ơ

ڳС
ɫ糣ƽ
ڹƭö񶾵˺
Ȼɱ

Сè˻ɱأૡ
ļҵèɱˣ

ǣʦ㣬ԶȲ㡣촽Ѫɫҵķָ㣬ҵĽ̡֮֮·ȫĵ
³һѪ
Զ׷㣬ģ㣬ȫԼĵĨǵѪЦʦ㣬˵ûһֻ׷㱳Ӱˣôܴù㣿
ɲǸèû־֪ԼҪʲôè
䵹ڵϣĿն졣

鰽Ƶʦа˵⼸ʹܴѪˡ
ˣˣѪսԶ߰ɣ˵ʱ䣬Ҫϲȥɱˡ

Ͱϲ
ûǸҪŰɡ
Ϊץסʹ㻹ⲻǹ𣿡
ͦɵģͬصͷҲҿһҶ𻵲Ҳᣬ˵Ǹġ
ġݴʺ֡

תȥǳʱǿסʹ࣬ŵ

ûʦ㡣

ټҲѶˣҲᰧˡ
һ߾ȫɱ㡣

ͷҲûأƵصӻצèɱ˵è

èè
èݹȥǰɣ
࣬Ҫǳ䣬͵

ⲻʵ𣿡ЦһʵΪ磬˭ߣ˭è
ǲΪ˶è
ô˵Ҳû̹Ȼػش

ϲèè£ϲèèͳ
µ׼
ҪرϲĳèèצĶҲǿɰġ



һĻ

㽲Щ˼ġԭǰˡ
Ҳˡ߷ߵҡרϡݶĻ˵˵һȱ㣬ܽᣬʵ֮ûκŵ㡣

л佱òصŵ͹ˡ
Цֻʣһŵˡ
ʱġЦеص

̣⼸㣬ˣʶˣ˵㡣
ңܲῴԡ°ɣ
סˣ㬵СľͶˣʲô˾ӣΪʲôҹܵ޹㣿
Ϊ񡣡Ȥϲң

ˣһӦǡȻˡ
Ϊ˶˼ǰкܶħ޶ԼϯҲرÿˣÿһۣмǰεĴˣνɱˡ
˵ʾӶڿɦŪ˵θڡ

㡭㻹ͦġɰͰ͵ص
ɵӲſַˡ

һգڵûжҲûȥǡ
֪ʹĹǽסʿģʱԳȥ
żܸ֪ʦ˿Ǳߵ̬ƿطΧ֮ڡ
ĵ˵鷳ľذݹпվȥϷκŪŪгԤۣôô

ǵϣˡ
һվ齱ߣضѵʱʧ
ڶ죬仹ˡ
죬
졭

ʦǲв
ǰ֡
ҸоǸɵ档ޱ飬Աʯһ
еɵͬص

ǺܶԾִҲ̫ˡ
ִ׳ħ°ĥһҵħȻΪŲҵ

ĵǷŲǷŲ˺
Ůħͷʲô÷ŲµģóвĽԲ




20.  ʶ   ħڻʶݷ

ȣҲÿնгεĺ顣
ֻˬʱ䶼ڻʹ

Ϊгڣ˽Ĵһ飬ĸӦͻ΢ҪǳͻȻһÿζܼʱӦ
ΪӦķֶõľϣһ磬һ濴ȥڶʵþ

ҹꡣ
ˮļڣкשʯʱʱ׹ֽ
ŮϨޡ

ķңĺʦܲҪɣ
˭֪Ŀ£ס뿴Ϳɡ
ˣͿ䲻˳ۣ仹޹ȥ벻С

ǣû
ͻ׼ʱ޹ѹ죬ȴδ

У԰ȥҵ˿ˡ



ǽʦ˽լ

ѹʦ壬Һʦʦ⴦լӸ۲˺üˣȷǹʦǸˡÿչ̶ʱ𴲡̶ʱ̶͡ʱޡȥéʱ䶼һġ̫ˣϢɵˣܡ
һ쳣Ե˵ʦڱչزģÿһȥ鷿ʹǶڲģ
鲹Ҿڱչڱ˽ӴȻ˷Ծˡ

⼸ڽ۲ʦûΪðս̽һ£ַ˵ļΪϡʦǸܣӵ߿ܵΪͣͷʦ֡

ϴһĨ԰ףεɫüҲһֵĸоȥ紵͵Ĳˡ
ͫɫܰûκιӳսȥ
һͷīһ֧ϴڵİۡ
ؾ򵥡Ρ

˽Ĺʦ˿ǹʦһʼ˿

΢΢üˣȥһ֪̽

ʦ嫵Ĳ²⣬ж

ֳ
Ĭ֡

䵱жʦжֳ
׷Ȱ˵ڣ˵ĺҲ˿δ
ѹħ󣬳ұҲûҵֳ
ħԱߣ˼ꡣ룬ֳʦħ˵ʦħ
ֳˣãԸƴһ
ҪôɱֳҪôֳɱ

ֳû
еֳˡ

֮Ƕɽ٣ɹٱɷϽ硣
ֳΪͣǻʿһܶɷ٣ûôд˵ֳڱչأҲд˵ֳʦͽ˻ɱɱˡ
䲻źߡ
ʱʧֳʼû

ʱô꣬һδ嫿ˡֳ֡
˷˽硣
Ҫħ֮ºֳûйϵҪֳ֪û


ֳΪʲôҪʦħ
ʳˣɱ

¡
ǰһӰ˲ʧһգڱеݻլۡ޷մȾֺ
˽ȫ׼صػƵϹŷħӡѹɽ֮κħһӣһӣɱԷ顣
רΪֳ׼ġ

ʳָָ£ڿһѿһڵķ϶
һͷ˿˲
佫̽϶һץֱӰѹʦץ˹

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ĮȻŹɹʦĲӣһϢ˹ʦĵϸ

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͸ĻǻججƯţһöɫķġ
öĵһ˲䣬ͫһǲš

˺ðΡ
ֱʣ

ѧţϴ
ڷԳһɣзĶĸɫһ۾ϵó

Ѳ˿ʦƵģ
ܡʦħܳ

ʦ㣬ǻ˭
粻ضŷģԺӹһ²⡣
֪ʦķֳ̣ʦʤ߳ԼķҪ˵ʦѷ˳ȥҲ˵ͨ
ʦħչͽ
ħˣѽʦ˿
ΪʲôҪ

˼ƶϡ
Ϊʦ㲻Ǹͽܾǰ˵ӽͽ鷳ͽ
䵱ʱϲΪʦڽʱͦĵģΪԼǲһġ

ѵֳ
ֳֳѧķģҲ˵ͨ

ʱʦĻǺȻһ͸ǵؿ˼¡
Ŀһ١

﷢ĹŬ˵ʲô
иˣ˾仰ҴΪʦĻ˵ǳᣬ¼־Ҫͣһ¡
ǸˣҶ˵һһϣ

һ£͸ĻȻԱ
̶ֳȵԱ½Ƕû𣬿ǻ٣µķҲ١
һסöɫķģȻɢѩڰûһ˿һĺۼ

һƬž

Ĭջ֣ŷɢĵط
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ǶĹ겻ɧɡ߻ϮħǼλǺһͬħһλ

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Ӱһصߡ

ʦɷʲôȹʡ
˿Աˡͳ֮ǰǲʦĲ²ġ

עͣЪ֮ơ

ҪӱСġ˽磬ҲΪ˷ֹħҡħƷǼλҲյϢƾǶģ˵һˡ
ͷһ𣬳Ӧǡ

ĻҲѾˡֻݷڻʶĳû¶档



ʶ¥

󡢴ˡħսսص²ģ¶鵽ˡ

һĿ೤׳תǳ͸ʲôϽ˵
ڽżȻƳŮǽļþǺħһģһħС

ȷһҪ㿴ˣҾͰ׳ݵ

ħæģ½𵤾꣬Ŀħ£Բϴ
æҵûӣɲһģһ𣿡

׳żĻ󿴿ӣͻȻȻŭ
һŮҲħᲢۣףˣɱɱɾͰɱɱɾɱ

ǡħ͵һۣȥ졣
ˡ׳ָ⣬ȥɱúͳһܡҰߣǳûѻʶеڵӶɱˡ
ħǵôֵܲ¥᲻᲻ȫʶ

Ҳųܰʶ¥ţ뿴Ůá׳ЦǶ






21.  Ϸ   ħԲз

Ϊ˱¶Ϊİ޷ħŷ硣
Թվ߶߶ظǰ¡

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Ҳħеĺ䣬ΪⶼЦ˵ġ
ĳòȻʮ˽ӡĳϻŮ·йһ顢ĳɵʦֵΪ˶Ȩɱơ
ֱħһЩʿʾ֭ɵκʵǿиɻǴ򲻹˸⡣

ȺɵѵһȺúÿɫ.㡣죬ûϵ

Ŷ

Ⱥ̶ֳȵĺÿأЦеʡ
̶ֳȵĺÿǸ͵ĺÿмУ޼и֮гˬػһ£ɫˡ
ţЦʲôһɫأ
ʣģ



ֱӻشǡ
ΪκòҲǿƥԼ൱ţһɫ˭һɫ
תһ룬԰
úޣŸ߹ϹѪҲ߳һĴڡΪʲôҪԼϼɫıǩ

⣬Ҳʲôɫɫ˲ǻɫ
𣿡ʡ
䷴ʿģ

ɫҲ壬ʣһ飬ûɡƿءǻɫɫ硣

ʱˣȴŵٸҽҵĺǡ
ң㻹ңŭҲˣ㰮˭˭

ôˣ
һ㶣ղֻ˵ˡ֡
Ļʱ˶йˡ
ʲôҪģʣˣҵĽ飬£ⲻȻΪʲôΪ㣿
ЦЦⱾģҲҪ㡣λã

Ĭ

ʧȥ˼䣬
롣
ϡᡢ޼ɵŮ˶ͬİǷĵģκ¶ġ
ˡ
֪ǸʲôŮˣҲ֪ԶֻбЭ̬ȸ߸ϣӲͷ
ˣֻЭһ
ҲûѡȨ

ĸ񾳵ĸȫֵεġһЭˣƽ֪¡
һֱһֱһֱڶЭ
ʱӲ
ҲΪʵ㹻ǿҵӰҲΪ걻ƿأҲΪԭ

ǿһĽ귢Ч㡣Ļһ㣬ºǾģӦᱳѡһϷɣе⡣

ʲô⣿ɱԣħʡ
ˡǸɵ棬ӲʹתϷȻǸɵ棬ôһߵģҿʱɵ桭Щɵɵ档
µϷɵˣ
Ǹ蹷ֻĻɶɣָĶĶ֪šħˡħˡΧת

ˡ

ԭϷԲзۡ



ָĶĶķ蹷ԲзϷվڻʹ֮⡣
ͽ˶һ£ڹſڷǳۡ

ǻʿһȥܰѻʹǸɣôĶҲ˳ѳ

ϷԽԽκħиŮúħһģһǶħ˵衣
ΪԼܣûħħΪԼãħʧȥѹƾͳһɢɳ齨Ӵķѡ
ռƣûʵѹĻ֮ͽ

һͳħΨ

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ǲһȥ˷˽磬Ҳ뿪ǰ˽׷ħˣϷŴϢϲ
·ļӹħԨķӡƣϷɺ޵κγӼ뿪ڣϷûɱ
ã˷˽硣
һûᣬɱĺûᡣ

ɱభ۵ļֻ˳㣬ɱ¡

ĽһҪѰħڶҪɱһţҪɱ䡣
ɱŵЩΪϷɵֵļʲߡɱһ׵㣬ˣڱ˲Ʋӵľأħ

Ϸ˼˴̤նзʹϷ

ͫʺ۰׶һƬѪɫҿɲ
һƻ޴Ѫӡ˲ۣԲ赲֮ʹѹ£

ħʶƽͣס˽Ųͷо޴Ѫӡ

Ѫӿɽ㸲

Ѫӡʹʱһɫķǰ㻮໥ͬһӴĽѪӡĳƣʹΡ

һ۵˾ظУңңؿϷɡ

㣬䣡Ϸɳǣڻʹ֮У

δĮһΪħҪͷڹء
ֲ·׭ƣλסµĻʹ



ôĶȻˡ

Ů̫ŵÿ޵콵ġ𡱲ͬսȻЩ˵֪ޱȿ־塣

߳սӰ

ɫϷɡħޣħħ֮һħĵɽ侫֮ڴ˵е֡

Ϸɣô㺦ˣһȥʹӰʶҪᣡҾ˵Ӳʹı¾ܰѺúõ¶컵

ջߣ΢΢һЦˡ
һɲԤУʲô⣿

һܴڲ⡣ҵĺϷͦʱġ
룬ȷʵǺܺʹ




22.  ɽͼ   ܾ

ϷⳡսҲΪ

ϹŷħӡΪƣϷȻҲеƣصȡħһɽͼ

Ϸȡɫ䶶ＸʮɵĻӭƮ衣
ɽͼ軭һͷͷޣбɽư磬Գһ硣˾Щ޾Ȼڻл

Ϸɴһؐ٣ɣ
ڣɽͼһͷĿ͹ħɽͻΪξ޴صľޡ

ɸһ֣ſٲһ˿ƶ䡣
߸ɺ֮ĴعѣҫĿ˹
׺쳣һצ䣬Хķ

ӴĺȼΪСɫصؼһɫ
ս΢һ𣬽ʱֻǧ⣬⽣಻˳ҴױȵĴ͸
ֻһѺɵľצ̵ǧٿףϵ

ǵľӰĿ¶ɫϷɾȻƵľˣ

ɶ

ģɵ

ǾǺɣ֡Ѱ£նɱޣɽͼУҪʱٻǵսֿ˺ɵͷһĺкܶ࣬ɽͼ޻滭һ飬ǶǱ㶢ϸɵĵù

ɽͼ޺ֹ֣̬죬޲߸߹Ѫ
еңǽ飬ܳŷŷ磬ɽͼ޾ûˣɥʧǣֻ֪սǱʹĹߡ

Ұиֵ˵ӡ֤˰˵

ɽͼħƵľڷһٶʮͬ飬߿ƾս
顤ɡϹѪ֡ɳش󺵣֮ǧˮݲޡ

˽ʼһƽ
ӽ⼯һ㣬һǰһ̴˺ɵԴ
ȻɢΪعɽͼȥή˲١

ոõĽСҵһڡϳˡ
ǿɲģĺʦܡ

ϣϷɹЦ
ħ˵һڣöûһˣ䣬㵹ʹɽͼϿɲֹкһޡ

Ϸ˵ڶ׻Ϸ

ɽͼϵıϷͨ죬β΢һ㡣ƷǷ䣬Ϊʸ䡣
Ӵ䣬ϷСսȴ˿Ⱥʤ֮

Ϸɽ˵˵ĵ
ӰɫӰɫ߮
Ǳԣ糤ߵİԾˮʶб¡

һٳô飬ϷȻ˼ޡ
ɽͼǽıħʹãһ԰е鶼ͷų
Ϸɼĳ
ǲֽ޹⣬Ⱥ

ϷɺΧнٴһ䡣
ȻĽķķ֮ȴڽ

ȫ뽣һ
һȳؼž

嫺νԭΪΪĻħΪ嫺νһУˣڶУУУ嫡ɣնա

ôңûˣ

׽һˣһȥ⣬ͷ²ˡ㿴Ҿ˵ǡ̾ѧĽԸѧķԸ

һÿ죬յҲ졣

һϢ֮䣬ϡ
кµˮƾնϣյһз·𶼶ˡ
ϷХһó佣ջصԱ

ϷԱպȻһ޴ĺըನʹɫΪ֮һ塣

ȥͨͨعɽͼȴǸԭ

ɢס촽һѪ

ӣϷɿЦӻûأ
ӭϣһȭ

ĨĵѪһ˫īͫɫķġ
սƶȭ

ȭķ֮ȻϷɵϵħΪ֮ͣ͡
Ϸһʱ죬һƺԶڳеĽֵϣֱӱһӡ
Ϸɺ飬ӵվ
ͷöӡɫķ壬סħ

ΪǸ׼ģҲһĮȻ

ϷµѪĭӿޣħû˾ûˣΪҺΣ
һ̤ڵϣѪġ
ʱ䣬ѿѷԶ



ִˣϽҸط㣬һжܰĳ࣬ﲻ֪Ҫˡ
Ķȣ䲼˽ƣʹȫҪǽˣĶһ
Ҳǡ

ʹˣǶˣеıŵʺݷеĶڣеľĿɿڴؿ˴ܣʧȥ

ʶڵһÿϢһ𵴺ͱ
ʿɵƻǿµġ
ڳϷϡٴԺĶСࡣ

֪˶ãڳƽϢ

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ҲܾˡϷǴ˵㣬ʵǿסģƤʹ򡣡

ʵ֤ƶϲǶԵġ

ڵĳȣڻʵ۴鷿ͷ󺹵ؽ˶¡
Ȼʵ۾ͱзˡ

̫ҽ޵߶µض˵ã췦
ʵص˼ᣬ֪ҽѴҽξͺá

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ɼʵҲ˻ԡ

ͷزʸߣǴĻŮļܵͶСᴦ¡
ı˸ʺɫλݹЩ빬ģǳᣬֻ֪ޡ
򶨵һڻʵ۹£̼񣬽һд׵

Եѯ˶Եʱԥһ£˵ˡ

¹ףڶʦ嶷֮ڵĵˡȿЦʶ̮˲٣޼ҿɹ飬ⶼǵĹʧڵӻʱ価λʶֲ
ʦˣ˳ʡ
ʦ塭ްһģܿͻɵʿǰ֧Ԯ

˵ѡ
ҿó״Ųôá
ֻϣһ㣬ɼ죬ҹ㷿ơ
ȻˣӦûɢʶӻʶ˰ɣ˼

ѰᣬҪϷɡ






23.     ʦܵħ

Ҫ졣ʶг⼸ɵӡ
ǣ˵ˣɵĵҲ˷˽磬ֻδһӴϷȻĸ֣ʱ»㡣

˼֮ʱҰðһµ֡

ڡ㳹״ħİ취Ҫȡ˵Σڡ
ɽֳ䡣

Ĵ㲻ıϡ

뵽һɵʦֵ񣬻õĽ뿪ħڶɵɱʦõĽħλ
Լõ˽
Ҫȥɣ֪ɱʦںδ

Ůӵ뿪ʵ۵޹

нƽ籣ʹڽ˿δ𡣵ʹֵݾǷ棬˲ٰգֱӱˡ
Ϸɺͳپһ㣬ʶΪ
£лбңɽѹƣ񣬿ּòѵİɳԣеطڷ絲ꡣ
ԹʱƹܹȴԹʳһ޻ʵȨûȨ´ֻлʵۺͼλȨصĴ󳼣ȻѳŻĻʵۻԲѣһѰ׵ľء
ȳŵ֯ڵӾΰգֲⳡʿȻҪεġ

ʱԣԶδصʱ

Ѱûǳϣ˶ӡüҲ֪䵽˶صˣóȻ뿪ʹȥѰϷɻǲס
ֹҳаҹ͵ϰߣҪʹҲҪ㣬㲻ڣǱ¶ˣ

˼Ƭ̣ɽͼȻƣӦҲΪãҪܰϷ߾ͺˡٻħһɽͼٻߣϷɡ
Ǹ÷ҲǰɽͼùֻͬɽͼƷ̫ߣΪ̫֪ͣܲܳɹٹ

ǣ
һɽһǬ

һɽָɽͼһǬָԳСá

ܺãԡ



Ϸɻ˲ص㡣

˿һ͢Ալլӵаңⰵ˼ʮǳ͢Ա̰á
ϷصڰﲼڱϢñҵ

ѵ£ŻмϵļͷͻţȻǶˡ۵죬ָԼǡ
һڽڹͷз죬λϣ޲ǿѪۺ񣬶һָҲһġ
Ϸɲñ˰ǣε£ҲûöԷƹħ˾ǸϰԼԼκ˶ǲεġ

ģⲡЩΪô졣ϷһشӴóһ·á

Ϸ˵أָҲ졣
ܵҲأ̤뻯񾳵ʱ̣۵̲ǰͽ뻯Ϸɡ

ûɱ䣬Ϸɺܲ졣
ǻãǳһͣڻʶɵӡ

ϷóѶϵԶħͬĽɽͼȻһֵĲ

Ϸһ㶣ȡɽͼ
ɫĻչƮƮҡҡɡ

ǡϷɴһٻɽͼɫˣ԰ħˣֻҺĽ֪˭ٻ
赲ɽͼͣЪس󷨣Ҫɳȥ
Ϸɳ󷨡

ҪǺˡ૵
ɽͼವĳ˳ȥһζĽԶٶȼ졣
ɽͼһϸĽԭʧˡ

ûˣϷϸϸ֪һ׼һӶȥ

ͣʱΡĻʹǰ
ûܻٵʹ³ˣϷ룬ȥ׷ʧɽͼˡ
֪ɽͼڻʹ

Ϸȥ߽ʹʶһɨֳδڹҲȥĵطˡ

ɽͼԽԽҲٻɽͼԽԽ

µĹֵصĹˣĹơ
ϷۣϢǱڡ

ӳһĨɫɽͼɫĳУлػһϸӰ

Ӱôô죿
Ϸһӵɴ˫Ŀ۾ϸϸȷ˺ü顣
ǵӰתʱϷɿ

ħħħħħˣϷϥһ㵱¡
תһ룬ԣǼ

Цˣܿɽͼ𣿡

ܿɽͼĵȻħ

Ϸ˲ӯͨ˫ϥأʵϷɣħ

ɡָ㣬ɽͼ˳ؾһ
סɫظȻעħɽͼħϵĽɫ財
˵һĵ

ѵõд뵤Ĺܣħ飬ֶ˸ɽͼħЩǱĬǵƷʡ

ħˡ¡¡Ϸɴǵͨ졣
ҿͳսˣòЦ
Ϸɼħ֮һķɣ

鰽ˣƨĵһ˳
Ϸһ漴˵⣬ȻħħǰħƷ˷˽磬û뵽ħѴħ
յܣٳδܲƽħħ𷣣

Ϸٴι£̺ӱϥѹӡ

˵̫ˣϷɡҪˣڶڷ˽磿ߡ
ϷŻعζãȻؿ
ǼҲǡһЦ
Ϸ򣬡ħħˣǣ
λ̫
Ϸһߵˣħػ۷ǰ»һֱҡ

ܺã⺺Ӿܸߣ⡣

Σߵбţأ
ƤƲʲôֻǳһѹѪķӡҪ⿪Ҫ໨ʱ䣬һʵӡѹ˲١Ϸɹڳ䡭Ϻõ鵤ҩָƣҲҪһʱ䡣ºʱľɼӦѾɼˡ
иЩݣԷӡңҶѰټնɱ

ż㣬塣
Ϸɵħ˵ǣȴ˻ָʵǳ֮ʱ

ҵı壬ħǸõġ
Ϸ̶ˣħ˶⻯Ϊ˰
ǡȻؿһۣôӦô죿Ҳɵˡ
Ϸһ죬ϾЩŤ
ħħ˺ܾ֮ǰ˵ɵÿɰ

ôɵ˳أ

Է̣ǲɵÿɰɵ֮ǰһȥ˻ʹ⻯

Ϸɴʧɫں޵³嶯ˣħ˰ȻȻѴ̣
ˣ֪İ¾ͺáҹ
Ϸɵ
Ҽţ뿪ħ£㲻ɸ֪ˡ
õĺ٣ϷһĽûˣס͸˵ˡ
Ϸһݣ֣أħ˷ģڣЩ֮ͽ˲˴˷ֺߺ֣ħ˱ħˣ˱ѣ侮ʯĽֻ£ס֮һħޣʣµĶһɢɳԵֿɵΧ
ƽһħٴǡ

̵һ仰ϷĪļ
ӲΪ£ͳһħˣҲˡ
֮ǰδ㾪žܱ֮ԡһˡţֱճʵġһˣ

иҪȥҪڣԼݡ
Ϸɽŵڣ⡭ϵħ˵Ĵʿвٻţħ⻯ò뱾ƣع飬ǻ¼ɰ
޷ѣ䳤˶ȥˡ֪ҵ϶ͷǻüĳܿɣǳҲǿõģǾһ㣬Ŵĵ׵Ĳ¼ɺˡ
ʲôôأϷɲ¼ɻעɣһݱ¶
˵ˣ¼ɻעͻɣҪֻǰߣҪǵġעҲһͨͨݻڣעȲҪݻڣ㹻ĹעȣҪǹעҡ
ע˽⣬˽ΡҪģǵΡ

һȡ顣
ɫƮһеС֡
¼ط

طѪǻꡭϷɻһطҪ̣Ҫ뱻Եϵ弫ϣϱʧܡȷʵǺطûʲôãΨһȱݾҪ̫ˣϵ󣬿ܵϼ궼һɹһӴףȵȡ
ԽԽȣطȻԽѪԵǣֱӰѶߵһ˿ڱڣʱ죬ɳͻȡǡ
裬ǻ˼ʱΪħѰǡǻʩչܾ֮ǰһ˿ڼڣԶķʽħ

죺桭㵽״˶ط

ʵʵټ٣˭ֱܷ壿
棬ʱǼ١Ҫ棬˶֪סһˡ
˾ظ߱ˣ⣬ϵĶĿ꣬ħǡ

ǰԼڲ¼ɣͬʱҲڸ߲ĹעýӽǵĻᡣ

ǹؼҪϢ͸¶ȥǼǱѡеǣǰħ͸¶ϢķʽǵĻɡ
Ľ¡Ϸʿץסħޣһѻֻ꣬ðϢ͸¶ħ

˲䶮ˡ
ϷҪǼħӣ䵱ݼ鱨Ĺߡħץʿѻ꣬ȻǱ˳µشħ֪Ϣ

ȥɡЦϷɣܺá

ϷɼΪħǡ



Ϸ뿪󣬰ܻݰ
ڹݡ˸

㲻Ϸʧˣʡ
ߣûҪΪҵͺˡ

ʱĹȥҹˡ

Ȼˡ

Σûоվ߿˯ա

죬߻ħס

ϴλ˵ˣȻħȻӣħǻ㱵̶ȣħƲһˡ
ƶϵϷɺľɼ֮ħҲˡ

ҡҡλεع齱ߣ۵ʦʦ㡭ʦ㡭
ס֣ȻͻȻ͵͵ʦ㣬ң


ʲôأ



ѡ
ίôоСƵģ

߻ħþˡѵô죿
ӱſ޵滨ĳ䣬̾Űɡ



һóͯĥݼװվѵӾȵ㡢˭Ϊʲôڱ޹


Ǹ߸ϵڵͽķ˹ĳ
ǵԵʼòݡ

䲻֪Լϵ㣬Ѿŵװˡ




24.     ¶

ľɼÿһʱᷢÿηʹ
Ϸɵսڼңľɼǰˣϼˣ״̬ǡ

ǿתָƣħ룬
ʼ䣬˴ǰ

һйϵĴ壬Ǽеӣǽʿ
û䣬Щڣ簮ӲҪͷأΨһԸöƽ
Ϊڻʱ⵽ħ޵Ϯħʴ̥γһöɷ䡣ﵽѰҽҩʼδκľɼ
ǡһȵĺںؾĵȥؾΪѰܳɷҩ
˭֪һȥҲûܻ

꣬룬ǵø׳ʲôˣֻԺһģӰӡ
ֹ꣬Ҳ御
ʱܵشԪҲδܲأ꣬ջûܵȵ䳤ȥ
ꡣ

岮չԴʶ֣ȴĸػ
ǰÿɷ䷢ﶼߡ
ˣס
Ψһɷ䷢ʱοҲˡ

Ҳ꣬ڴɽͽ֮ʰţһŵӡ
ѧҧʹ࣬ڱ԰ɷ䣬ʹιȥ
ÿηǽѣֻĬĬܡ
Ƨûѡһֱһȥѧãһȥһȥɽ򽣷
ûкӵĳֻһĸо

ֱһգһƧɷͻȻˡ
Ľڵϣ۵ش
ɷķ̣ʹҲӡ
ҲõĽϢĸ

ڳʶҪĥȥʱǰһģӰ
һۣһɫĳ
ɻʣ˭Ϊʲôĵط

ܿ죬üëͷ͸ɷ֮ý˲˪
ʶ䲻ԾͰƽдһ˿ů⣬ɢڵ
ָҲůģϵĸо

ģģؿȥı˺һ˳ɷίĪӿͷȻûϢקڿ
𡭡ߣץסһ֣·ץˣҺʹҡ
ŵҲһˡ

ʧȥʶǰһ룬Լεصð޵ûˡ



ħʴųǣħ֮УãȻػŹ֡
ʦ㱻ѹħħⲻõֳʦһ㡣
ħ⣬Ҳҽȥһ

׷ִصǰִޱأγħħĴڣûκˣ嫡
ħ״̬ȶûб˿쳣
ħͻȻƼɷ䷢˫ش̼

ħӰ£Ժвһǿҵͷ
Ҫ
ͷԺзǻ·һ㣬ʹ뿪˵أȥ˻ʹ

ϵڳ˯俴Ϥһ˲䣬ͱˡڵϺ֣ٿһۣҪߡ

ˣȵʣ˭Ϊʲôڱ޹
ϤϤʻ
ӰڳгغһΪһμʱҲʣ˭Ϊʲôĵط

ʶЩɻɻʦΪʲôԳƱΪʲôʶˡ
ħԸ룬ʶԵЩ֮
ӦԸ˵ˣֻϲ

ʦ㣬ˡѶͷϣૣߣҴˡ㲻ҪôԶҪؼҡ
ǳĵڶҡ
ŵӣųΪŵӣһɳ죬󱻳Ͽͽ־ͬϵʦ֣ʦھļҡ

ůģֻǱġ
סʱĲʸƺɢһ㡣

֮ǰڻʹϿպħսˡʱμԼ衪֪ķ˹
ϳ˳ݣ֪ΪʲôҪ޹ܾȣܻš

ԥһԳ߬ס֣յøˣ봩Ь齣䱧סֵ̿ǲߡ
֮ºƭúúãߡ
Űˣʦ΢һ¾ͺá

һۣںŮ
ҹŮ˯ĺ;ѹæ޹ȻһĻŮĿɿڴǡ
صţ벻ġ
Ů£ū澾˵֡
ȥһˣȥĹۣڵļλڲڣڣͷ޹һˡ
ŮӦǣĴҴҵˡ

䱧֣ˣԴ
û뵽ʵ̧ͷߵΪʲôҰʦ㡣
ոմ𣿱¡
ˡһѳ£¶ǡ
԰׵ָָ쵽򴦵ۣңʦ㡣

Һʹʦ㣬ɷ䷢Ҫʹһ򱶡ؿëմ飬ҵʱر¡ʱرġ


֪ôӻ

һ԰׵ӰҹſߣһƬۣ·ⳡôôɫ

ܻУԻˣ벩ȡͬ飡
֪ΪΣر˲١

Сؿʦ㣬㲻ҵǸ𣿡
ָԼϵ˰رȻһ£ҵʱʹģұҲ˺ۣҲ
˵žҪ·

ޱ飺Ǹ㲻Ҫ·ˡ
ģס
˵˾䡰Բ𡱡
Ǹú޳⣬Ҳ൱ܣǵǸƭȴΪ̵ϲ⡣

ʵʦ㲻۶ʲôҶԸܡԭˡ

ôôƭ
ħɣӲء

ħӰǣħҲ뷨
ģһУֻҪǸ˳¿¼ȥĵǸжôû⡢ôܣ˳ԭˡ
̨£۰Ͱˣĩ˻뿪

룬ˣǸ˵ҪֲʲôӦ
ѵĳǲҲ׵ԭ

ŹݻҪһдɱ
ħôãҲûɱ

ſ߿ޣͷʹصˣ˿ʲôޣȰ·ã
СʱһҳٿΪʲôˣĵص˵ŮƱ䣬ʦҲƱ𣿡

ֹƱ䣬Ůûİ

Ȼеˡ
ధʲôò

ԼһӣڵĳȵˣĹС
ϵ䣬ýͷöʱŮҹԤйм£ˡ

׻

ʦ壡ȴʧɫ

ǰ¶زŹ˿ɲʦ





25.     Сĳɽ

, Һˡһյı飬ͻȻҹ޹ҲΪǡҿδ, Ϻħսˣ²Ӧеʦ, Ůȥ㡣

ȷʵʦ塣Ȳŵصʦ, ôᡭ

˽ʦΪ, ȶҪϳɲɻˡ
ҹŮӹ뷿, ôǸˡ

ܷü΢ҹΪֹЩԾ, 红ͯ㡭ǲǳʲô⣿
ѣһ߾̵һѸƲ
£ǳ°ɫ, ʮᱡû·Ӵ, ֻ˼¡

ȶˣٿ, ͷѸסʦ, ʦ壡ѣ
һƬ, ¶ȲƻˣȾһ, ٿȵط˿ɫħơ
ʦ߻ħˣ

Խѣҵץץȥ, л飺ʦ㡭ߡ
ʦ㡱֣ס뵽Ƶʲô
ԭˣóʦִħģ

ʦΪνʦ㣿ɻؿȡ
ȱܿ񣬽͵ܾˣʦشǲ壬˹ʦ˵Ļ빫Ҫϡ
á˶٣ֵǰ˵ʦˣǡ
ǣʦܿͻָġȵʦ򶷵ħޣҲˣʱڲ˷ˣգ֧ԮᵽҵȻỤȻ

գô죿Ҫ֪ͨϷ׼ˡ

ϢҪʦȥˡ
ֹɫǣվû˵ʲôǵʦտλʶ£ҲҪͷˡ
ⱾǸġسҵΪˣֱӽֱɡ
񲻺ϡ룬籾λΪ
ȫƾԸȵ¸ˡ

Сĵʦ壬ȻȡһöСɵķۣ۷ת˲һˡȽʦڷ֮ڣҪߣȴȻ
һʿˣսǲСģοȵΪԲܿͿƲסˡ

䱩ѷ۷ѣŴأһѷӡ
͵شϢţɷٶȷ·ϡͷϡüëϾǰ˪Ϣڹ

ʦ壬ʦ壡ҪҶˣȽŵͼǳ
촽ض˶ȴսһȻڽСʦ㡱

һĪչ֮ʣǰһ硭ñԣ
ű£ûôˡ

ȣ

áðɡ鸴ӵÿһ㣬Сģɷ̥֮ɷҪһġ

˵䣬Ѿס˳֡
¶ȣȸղŻҪ䡣

ˣʦܡŻʦȥ
صٿȻɣ˾䣺á
Ȼٶˡ

Ӹˡ

ջ֣ѹɤ͵ʦƺһˣѱϳбʦ㡭ԱţǱٰʦ㰲һ£ˡ

ЦŹֵл鷳ˡ
֮ͣ㲻ʲô鷳



ʦֶ뿪޹

һߣȡһöαװɷĴѶϵϷɡ
ϷɸģĿǷ˫Ϣ

ħԸϷɺܿͻӦˡ
ڵ֧Ԯվ͵׼׼֪ڽΪտ϶ɳʵڳĴʿ
ϷǣסǼ£»ἴ̰׵

ϷɰЧʻǿԵģĥߴˡ

кþãɻϣþͬʱתħ͡ȡԪ֮
ǰΪ㣬ԤУΪִ֮þͻ½
ʱѾ˳Ǳˡ
Ԫ棬Ϊ졣

һҹܿȥϴš
ױ磬ǰʵ۵޹տ˸ʵĲ飬Т˳Ů˳㴦㹷Ĺ񣬰ݸεĺù

·԰ʱɨС̫ڽ

þûʦˡ
㻹û˵𣿹ʦլӱܵ˲ֻʣһƬˡ˵ʱլˡ
ôܣʦҲˣ
˾Ͳǿǿ˲Ҫɱ㿴ϴ򶷵λ˵ķˣٿʦ㻹𣿡

֮һЦ
֪ʦ˿Ǳֻ𣬵ڲֱ׵ظЩ˹ʦݣҲǹʦ򣬹ʦ̮լõĽ͡

֪Ԫôˣ¶ţ
ԴӸԪ±տӡûܸоԪɺúõģͨտӡ¸֪ԪɵλãҲ֪ǻŻˡ
Ԫһö壬Ҳһö壬ʱòöҪ㹻ĳɳɵó

ı˸Ѿˣϣʱܹ
ŮҲ۾仰˵

ҽͷ󺹣׼״ãǡһˡ
Ҳ˵ʵֻһպûˡ

ɫݣڻʵ۵޹һӡ

˽֧ԮĻ˭ʱӦõˡ
Ȼ֪ȥ̽һ¡
ʲôȥʣóȻȥ᲻ǻɣ
ֳɵɲǾǰ𣿡һϢĻʵۣҵġʡˣΪңȥҩҽΡʡ

λڻʹ֮ڵĹ⼸һֱ˾ס
Ϊǻʹûлʵ۵˸ˣ徻ټħټȾûŲλá
ʦ뿪޹̫ȱͽŵĹˣͨʦħ֮嫡

һϹȥɷˣҲħ˳
ڼ޹ڷӿԺĬڴߣ˺ܾúܾá

ʦˣȽˡ
ظһΪʦҪܾòħ¡Ҹʦ𡣡
ǸøƣذۣҸ߹Լħѹһںչأֱħ
ǡȳʦҵҶˡ
ˣ۾

Ƶ䲻ûлɣɵȥĹڣһ¾ϸš
ҵڼߵĹŮеһʹ󱻷ų˹˽һûзʲôԵĵط齿˵㡣ȵΨһ쳣ǹʦռΪͽʵȻӦʣûаʦ񡣡

侲ţһ۲˼ô죬ˡ
һͨķˣó΢ġ
ͬʱҲʹ࣬ÿοϤ˵һĥ
ħȻΪƣҲΪ˹Ϥ¹еִ

꣬ôˣΪԼˡ
ʵŲµģվǷŲ¡

ʹɫ⴩͸Ĵֽյϣůڵġ
ָǰʦʱ¶ʱ¶ơ

Ĺ⴫ϸ΢ĽŲһ̧ͷ档
ǹȵȥš
ָߵ棬Ӱȥһīˮˮ޺ۼ
ȻʦǲŶϾ̫ˡ

Ĺۺüչһȱ֪µæóȻʵΪͶ·ˡ
Ǹͨ͸ˣ뵽״Ͷ˹Ϊ
㸸ʵ¶
ǡĵŲסˣµΪҸͨ磬ҽ˵췦¸ȻȥֱҵܵףԼ̳дͳǺã
Ϊɵõʳ·ġҩڶٻȵ
֪ʦøʷµĵҩ⡣ݵȰҲִҪԡ
صǣȻʿ׼ַ˽Ľ㣬˹ʦħ޵Ĳԡʿ𣬽˽ҲʿйأҵԵԽвֲʧˡȰһЩҩ²ĵҩ͹ȥʱûϷ£ָһЩ

ˣ
ֻҪǴʵۻڻλһ죬Ĺ˾ͲûʦŹʦʦ˭ʵ۾ôС˲Գż鳼
λʵ

Ȼͷˡ˿漴ǵλʦָˣ
һ飬ʦǻָ޴󰭣͹ġ
ģݣƲħʹʦδָ⡭
֧ԮѾˡ֣أλڣħ޸
áϲõǰ֧ԮǲʦĴʿ
ЦȻλֽ֮ĵһ𣡡

Ȥ
˼

뿪Ĺۣش㻹أĸ֪ɵƵһ¶һ޶Ľ𣬱Ь䣡𣿻֮Ҳѹסƺš

ҵĳƺħǽ𡣡Ƶ
㲻ǽΪƺ䲻㣬㽣һ𣬱ôƺ㣿𡢷ЩƺŲܽ޵ÿһûħǰ˵ǽһĽڽҲȲ㣬ħͳһħǲŽħ
߷߲ƽǻʵĵһ𣬱Ҳýĳƺţ

ҲұѺڽϳԽأ
ܣնϲܵڶı̬ˡ
л佱΢΢һЦ˵еܳԽңʹʿħˣɺħֲ¡
ԡұӡǰδнλǺ֮㣬㱻Ѻһǿߡ
˼еµҲãΪֻǰϼһǺأһСһСһﻹʿΪһ𡯡

Сһʲô֣Ҳû˵
ġϷɵļƻʵʩˡ

뿪Ĺ۲ãоһλµĿˡ
߳ƾճڳǰ

俴ߣħ޾ݵγɾԨ
ֻһС֣ǲصúʶڶܷ࣬ʩΪԨҴһڵħѵһЩҪ鱨

ԨһϮۣһɫ޽
߳õǽгխĳõɼĽԨͬĽؽ˻ʹĽ
䣬沿Ȼͣ嵭е⡣ĳ಻ܱΪӢӦñΪƯߡǱģɼĸ֮һ˫ٵһۣʴӱתΪޡ
էһȥŮĪ֮С
ҪԨŮװ׼˻ϴԱ

ʲô鱨
Ϸ˽磬ѰħҲǸŮԨҪΪħǣһˣ裬λΪħѡǡ
ɫһ
ԨĿʶ
ֲáĳΪ˻ˡ

Ǻ⣿Ԩü
λˡصǡ̫ˡ
ϴ



ҹ
ڣŲԶǧţǰסŰ֡

ʱ䣬ʱһˡ
ľ飬һǧװĸʱڵļǲȷģСʱļ䣬ħļ䣬Ҳпʱļ䡣

ϣļеá
ţƿǧš

ѪɫĿ֮ȫѪɫ
һשʯ͸ǺɫϵŸι״ħɲ
ɫĵذ屻ɫѪˣѪζֱǻ

һȹûؿڹıϡ

صħˣû˰ɣ
ڽʣļ˶裬ƴͷ
˶Ѫˮˡ

鰽⣺ħװγˡ
װοԻѡΪƸߣɽˮȫǣҰá

һħɨڵѪˮɾ
ʯϵĸ˫ָ£ɽɨ㻻˸ģħ

ҵȥˣеСˡ
̫ࡣ˸ۣϲΪСʱ뵱ʵۡȻϣҷȥˡ
㬵㰮ʲôʲôɡ

ħǰˣǸɱġѪħ˰֣զذһΪصΪԼһħǸܶܵˣרħˣװ
ħΪסΪʾݡ

ǡָŬСڸеĵùǡ
ùǿˡ
ȥҼܹɽҰħװһ顣˿ӡھȥ

ùȥԸĲˣԼڿı̾
ġ˵Ѫħ£˲ǶڶѪħɱѡҾͽˡ

ħںѪħĹţǵѾˣǵˡһħңȻҾͰǶɱˡ
ħ´ȫǣ˹ǿҵѹ˾ֵħ

Ҳ̫򵥴ֱ˰ɣ
ȻأһȺСϣֵҶ˼

մȫǣǿ߷Ӷ

Ƕ˵𹥻Ҫȡ

Ƥ̧Ҳûаνֻǲָָʹ嫺νĵһСˡ
಻к¡
ѤõĽȻųѪ



Уеؿϣ뿴ĸ޴

Ϣ󣬼Ϣǿħ޵ħ

طǳʶ࣬ڵϵݼˣ
⼸û𣿡ʡ
֪˱ɱǼСͷˡһǰػ

ŶͷʶѴ֮ҵڳⱼϮܵӰ
ָһ㣬飬׷ȥ
꣬Цˣ˱ɱģѪħĹˡ

ԣ
ûǱģ˵ǾѪħɹһվɣǸҽǮƺ͹Ʒ
ȥɣǼֵǮϡŪҸһֺҵĻᡣ

ǣӦ಻ΪӰʧ

Ƶġ
˶氡ǰûˣ뵱һ¡Цеġ

һӣĵļ½½ˡ

һľһ޴ɺˣɺǶ̳ƷֵǣԪĹЧϺõϣ˵ڼʡ
ɫԣֻǵǰɡ

ڶĶһƥĳУˣϡĿ³˿ƳɵĳУ쳣ҷҲǾˣ¼ֱٺʲˣ
̧̧°ͣǡ

İһصĸһͷСҹ顣

һģĿ֮´һꡣ

ݺ˻ݺӾͺáƹһе¥ΨһóֵľֻˡݺС׹¥ϵȵĻɫҪ˿Ų⣬˿ѡһ⡭

괽ݰףһ˫ٵһۺ޵Ĵ飬޵С
ŮĪ磬˿һ۱

ܳһŭ𣬡㡭˹˭
ݺӼŵùˣ򲻸ңǽ̺õģκͲ鶼Ƕĺãδͣɾúܣôأ

Ťͷ㡭
ŶλС˸ɡЦøá

ݺһɣ˻ϲͺá
곶ǰ£ˣ

΢ˡʹͷ­ɤ峺

ŭ㡭
㡱˰Ҳû˵ʲôûħ

հӵɫϧˡ
ݺ̵ôϧأ˾͸ùС

΢أȤʡ
ƣ΢ݺȡ֡ɵػش𣬡ūԭԨ
Ԩ˳ŴһЦԺԨ

Ԩ岻ײһԨ



ǧŹرգʶع顣

Уոյļ䡣
Ǵտʼ£ħʱļ䣬Ȼǰ£һҪĽϸ֦ĩڵĻ˵ΪǲʲôҪĶ
µĸоǧĸоǲͬģǰˣֲиУ侳ʵ

뿪飬Ԩ˭
Ԩ˺ܾãȻǺܾ֮ǰ׸һг衭һȺɵħħΧ㣬ˣ桭ûĹֱӴһħ

ӦǲҪˡ˸Ҫ飬ȻڵĳϢ

һǳġһǡ

Ԩѿˡ



СûͶϢҲǻˡԺиֳһëȻͷнн⡭Ǹνĵһɣ

˼񡭡пܡ

װ˯װ˯
۾һߵӡ

һѻ졣̬Ԩˡ

Ҳ

һǳɵģԨ˵ĴڣˡҲ֪ʲôãҹ͵ˡ

ҡҷѬȼա
ᣲ㴹£˿ص

Ԩ߽˯գȷ񡣡




26.  ǿ   뿴Ůװ

Ԩؿ񾲵˯, Գ䴫ĵϸ𣿡
ˣǸˡش
ǾͺáԨջߣ뿪ħ, Ҷ֪ɳʲôɥĲ¡
ġȻָ߬ħķӡּӹ, 

λôãԨʡ
ţɼӱ, Ϸɵ˰°ߡ, ֻҪϷڼ, ͻᰲȻ
һʱһԨƽʱ̿, Ϸɳҵ֡

ǻżΪ˷ֹħᣬΪ˷ֹħ
Ƕ֪һһݵķܳ׵ضž󻼡
ɱ˼
ɱͲỻ
ɱϷɾҪΪɫµ, Ứľ, ƻʵʩʱ䣬Ҳֹ뿪ħ

, Ԩǳ, ǶûҪɱ˼Ծ󻼡

Ԥ֮, ϶ʿ֡

ʿ඼еµ, Ҳɵ򡣷ɣŹڹ涼ɱ޹ü.°ӡòкͬţΥЩ涨ҪܵͷΪߵʿ˴, ˵ᵮħ
ֹĿǰݵļһͨķˣǲܶ޹ļ֡

̽λвʡ
磿Ԩ
ǡ䴹Ϸɵ˳ڲɱ˲ڵӣʦֶżȻмС츳㽫һڳʵ˲šԸ˽ٻڿԸһɽŵĻᡣ
ҲáԨüͷ΢ɣŵƤӵ£Ҫ˷һЩҲʡϷɵǡ

ڱϾڷ˽Ҳ޷ԶżʣҲԵʦڣƺõĽ

Ԩ޹ͣһˡ

ҪԨҲһ̲סˡ

صص
˭뵽г˽أϵ٩̬ȡ
˵ʵҷǳȡԨȻô侲ĳҵϡ

Ҷɹʲôֵ¶𣿡룬Ҷǿˣ
ûС
ĥˣ²⣬򡢳ӡϣҲ·
뷨̫ˣ㵱ûôǺóԺúȵ
Ҳûʲôǰɣûͦõġ

һû壬˸񡭡
ϸ˵˵²ô˸ģ

һ£ǰ£ĶԨǿҵͬ
ǿԨŮװݣ仰˵÷ǳѡ

ร

һǸӦͦġŹֵص𣿡

⻹˸һ˴ȹӰŵҪԨеѪԣ׼Ҫɱϴˢյĳ裬ҸҴ޵
ҪвŮװԱҲԸ衣
Ԩ踺أճһʿƽĶۣˡ

𣿡ظһ飬൱棬һԨ𣿡
ָױ£ΪЩ̫ѿˣֺÿ·㿴



ͻȻ̾ʲôɵʡ
̫ϧˣҾȻǵáȻʧ뿴衣
˰ɣң㶢ϵǵùҡԨɽͼޣһЩҲˡǶ˰˱ùˡ

ôܽеùأ΢ЦҲǿ׷ǿߣǿߣҲеùǵҡ

ǿ߼
ֱ̫˽ˣΪߣһһ˽Ĵڡ
ʶʼһֱôңôֱ
ҪһԻɵħֱӹȥҪ˸ʲô˾͵øʲô˵ֺúͷΪȻˬ˶ù
߸ϣŰͶӡ

˵һֱôֱҲԡ
ںʱҪѪ֮ǰί˼䣬ײɣű¶Ŀһ١
˺˼ɣҲú˿ˡ

е㾪㤣̻̫ˣԭǸڴǰ˿׵ŮˣڵȣʱԳƵϡòˡ

ǰ൱ѽǵŮװϧ
˼ǰ־ԺлŮװˡ
Ҫһ߿һĻζ͸ˡ


㾹Ȼһΰ

Ůħͷ൱ĶȤζɳɶ°⣬ϰˡ
е㡭ۡ



չ󣬻ʵ۵Ĳࡣ

ʿĵҩȻ棬ǰ컹һϢôʹ˻

󲿷ֵҩ˸˷ãҸϷµöҩӳʮȵ빫Ҫ̫ġ
׼ĴǸʼݱڸܶʮĸ֮ϲˡ֪µˣҪлΪʵ·ġ
ԥƬ̣벻Ҫ߱ĸ֪ҩֻʮ꣬˵ܲסҲ⴫岮ûһʡĵģ˶Ρ

ȶЩͬ顣
ĹȻҪԶթ

ȵһ£빫̸̸
ңµк£

˽żȻһͬкüţǽڵѡҵɵ˽Ϊɷ񣬵˽ĹУҲʵĺӣ뽫ǴϤȽ͵
һ㶣Ǻ°ֻҪӵĸĸͬ⣬ûκ

ǣǺ¡һЦ˵ҲʣǷԸأ
ǳʦ彻ҪѯʼԸԸ߹ĵλȥԵ

ɫᣬƺǲ֪λش𣬡ȻԸģԵ˭󣿿ȥ磬Ҹʡ
ȲؼŴӦҲؼžܾҵȻᶺ̵ʱգʱٸҴҲ١ȼ״ֻұ߹űҪݣһͷʼ㲻ǹ˻ǰӵֻһͨŵӣеֻԼ
סˡ
ڷ˽ǹ磬ĵλýȻͬ빫ĵ֮;쳣̤Ͼ޷ͷˡ
ݱ˼աҧ
á뿪ǰҴ𰸾ͺá

ʦԭǡǿ
ȥȥ磬ҪԼѡ

ȻҪȥģôӦ̫죬Ծͼװһ¡

Ҫæ뿪
ҲûţеϷɸѶˡ

ħˣ°׵ˡƻʱʵʩ
ãѰɳӦ

ħй¶ҪطỻϢǵһ
ڶϷҪżԼץӡ

Ϸû͸¶ݣֻ˵Ϊħ׼壬ҪضԴԲ˵⸱ǡ
ڻʹԨڸϷҲ֣Ҹͷһˡ

ͷǺܺҵģ;棬ڳеǷ棬治ˣñɡ
ŵĸӺգҹϵܣ⼸ĸÿɳʹ

عȹһŮ̫
ôУһܣصŮ˼ҩġ

Сĵ㣬׺β͡ѡ

Ԩ֪ϷɵĿ꣬˷ǳ衣
ڹʱˣһΪϸߵڵӾصػˡ
Ԩæڰγʶڵħ޾ݵ㣬һܹ˼ΣԲ˵ӡ
ʵǵΪʶҲ˲ϢϵǲΪӶⱣգԷһ

ȣҪꡣ
ƲɫģصڻʶϷۡ

һˮųǧɫøдԼһȻ¡

ȻоʲôƳǰ

ʱǰһֻħγɵľצٿȻƿնֱֱץڵӴѹͿµɱ˲佫ΧѪڵ֪

ͬʱʸӲͬķӭֻɫצȻɢ

תħԼһ΢ˣαװܲѹѪӣȻĵװΡ
һûΪķ˹ʱ͸ðε

֪ͨͽħϮһڵӺȵ
ʣµļѵصؽ󣬻ܣһ鴫Ѷ飬Ϣ̴˳ȥ

Զڻʶһץħ޵ԨУԶ
ǿʶչʶһࡣ

ȻħϮˡ
Ԩɫһһնɱ˶漸ħޣƿգһϢ֮ڸԡ

ħнΪħǽڵŰΧ
ħϣ֣Ȼһɫһš

飬ͣͣž

ֻһУħֱ׹ڵϡ

ǽ𣡡ڵǷ׷һ

޵۵Ľ⻹УȻ㻹ǲԶˡ

Ԩսһߡ
һ̽˵ˣԨҪΪˣĽëȴ΢һ
ˡ

۾ʱ˶ʻһжΪȾһɫ
綼µһǿߣʵҲµһˣѹ

˯ŵʱԨѾˡ
˫Ϥ۾ãؿʱֱƵ˼顣

Ԩָסˡ
¹ȥô꣬ɲǿƵҲûظеһļ¡

㡭˭ʡ

ԨĬƬ̣ش




27.  һ   ʹ

Ԩٵһƺű
ͷ, ޽Ƿ˿΢ı䵭Ҳ޶˾̬Щ컡

, ﲻֳһͷ
ǰ۹ⲻ
ÿˣ͸÷ŵħ浱ƿۡ

ԨͳČʱ, Ͷй˵

ɫԨʿڿ䳤, ڽһ;ŷǷĳɾ, Ϊħ, ӽµһˡˡ

ۺܸߣԨʵ֮ǿ
ȷ簽˵ԨȲȫʢʱڵ

Ȥ, ֪Ԩôλõġ
츳żָ㣿
ԨһǸ򵥽ɫǼ򵥽ɫû취ħǿʳĵط޷ôߵĵλ
Ԩгʱɫȡᣬ˾Ľ, ˷츲صı仯

𣡡ڵӷ׷ΧԨ

Ԩ𣿡ɻ, һƬǽܣεڵ, س鴤˻, ѡ
ְŲԨ, ǡôˣ

ܣͷˡһͷ˵е˹
Ԩܿ, ڵӵȺħмΪߣӦ˺ػġǼ, ΣվҪʱţҪǿ
ǣӽ̻塣ڵɫ

ͻȻȳѪ
Ԩһ٣ΪˣʱԱһŮӷӦӻͳƿһö˱ǵĵҩΪ¡
Ԩ״ɫ˿

ܾˣŮϸ˺ħѷ˵ˣҩɡ
ֽƿøԱߵڵӣʦܣȥЩεķҲµҩ

лҩڣ԰׵ɫ˲٣ǵؿһ֪Ů̫࣬ǻȵû𣿡
һȫȻ˶ʶѹĵֿôѹѾټˡŮӵ빫ҵȻ͹ع
λγƺʡ
档
ԭĲҡҡλεڳڵһ񣬡лλȣָһԵԨ񣬡Ҳлȡ

ԨƳһ
ڵӿл¶ЩøС

˵ز˾빫عҪ빬ˣΣգʹгħ޲
ǿеħΪʲôᶢϱֵ̿ʵʿҲûеǡ
⡭ˡ
ֻӵҪħ°ߣħΪλᶢϹԵһҲ
ɷǳҲ֪ģʶԨ

ע⵽ߣҲԨ
ʣ˿ɷΪɻ󣿡

ع˵Ԩ
á˳ӵص

ԨĲգеһ˿΢ĴҸС
ִҸеȻò
ӵͬòˣԸȴȻͬ

Ͳ׵طӱ˵İţ˵Ҳòʱ̶˵л
һƵŽȻͬ£ָо̫ˡ
ԭĴ˺ȻƣǸĳһ͸һǿҵΥ͡

԰һǰߣȻ廹̫ûһҪˤ
Ԩһֲסĸ첲
ഥһ˲䣬һʶĲ

ħгʱÿЩͻƵķӦ
߳ܡ
ʹվʹԼΪǰ޷Կء
һһʧȥ侲òԼ

ԨѸɿ֣Ҳס˿Ҫˤ

Сģ𣿡
ԡǿ

ˡԨ촽˶Ҵǻȥ˷ʱ䡣

һӣ͵סڵӺ͵εǣܾصסˡ
ֻƺһֻεԼͷ

ǰľٱãϢĹվ˻ʹŵĵϡ
ٶ̫죬ڱǸûΪķˣװûվȣסԨڡ
Ԩͷ۱קڣ񵭵ؿǰδ˵ʲô

лˡɿſӣ͵

ħʱʱ̿ע磬һĻе㲻ζ
ôֽεСŮҵĶԭҲ
һֱᣬСʱڹҸʵѧģֻǺˡ֪˶һףϲŮˣŮ˵ĳݣǻŮ˷ɾ衣
ô϶ԨǴˣô϶Ԩɾ裿һǴأ
룬ϲŮˣҲϲܳݣѵϲǿŮˣϲŮѹȣ
²⣬ǲǺϲѹȣǰѹʱʲô֣ʹ𣿡

ݡ

ûϲѹȺ𣿡üŭ壬˭ڱѹȵʱʹţŰ𣿡
㼤ʲô񱻲β͵èƵġ赭дص
Ķˣܻ񱻲β͵è

ԨתҪȥʱȥҳȣħϮԭ򡣡
ȵá
Ӱһʧʡ

ԨĬȻ룬ֲóԼǸ̬ȡ
ڲԼͶԹעĿ⣬أԨˡ
Ԩʶ˽Ĺȥ
˲Ա¶Ԩ½½˿е֪Ĺ

ǳˣǶӰˡ
εϻ˺ݺһ

Ԩ룬Լֺγء
ҲӰʱգӰûˡ



δĹۣȾʹҴӭ˹

û˵ɣеҸոսӵʦõĴţû뵽ħ޾ȻôͶˣʦǰ˲á
ǡôرɻ󣺡Ǻƶħ޻Ա֡
ǵġ̾Ϣ֮ǰ˵ŵ˹ʿֶĪ⣬˽ʿҲû취ԼԾҪ

ôأڵλ˱µû˵ħΪʲôҪԱ֡
˵ȵ⣬ħ޵֪Ĵڣ뽫°߸Щõ¡

Ǻãɫţǻ᲻ƶ׷űţ
ڣħ޲óѡȰοгʦԨѰħ޲ʹ̫
˼һʹǷԸնϳԵţһΪȷʵʣΪħޡڲԶͣڷ˽磬ǡҲ޷ԶŹ

¹ħȲȫгǾܿл⣬޵ؽн͡

뽫Ҵ磬Աħ޵ͷʡ
ûȵ㹫ţɻᾡΪǻֻħ޲бڱ޳Ī¡
ˡ߬䣬һߣħ޾пɳ֮Ҫ볹ױǶ֣ҾҪ뿪˽磬ţ
ԡ֣ص빫ؿǡ

֪ˡ⣬ߣħ޻᲻ϴϮʹϴг´أħ޵𣿡

ҪⲢĹȵ

ͷ˼á
ĵصȴĴ𰸡

ԸšҡͷЦҲõѡ񡣡

εװû֪ͦһЦ
Ц޴ĻԺαװ




28.     ɵϸ

ħϮ鷢֮, Ҳûгʹ
濴ȥڵӵȰ棬ΣգʵڹǱ

һ¹ȥ, ڡħ͡İµŲ㣬ֻһ, ⻯̤
Ϊûнͻƣʿͻƴ󾳽СΧԪ, ǽи߲εͻ, 
ڷ˽ϡĵط, Ԫʵ̫ʿעˣʱѹΪ

£һ, 츳ٸߵʿײҲҪʱĥޣֻûħʱ䵹ҲšҪȥԪԣĵط, ܻͻơ

Ϊ, ʶȸգ֪ʮֹ
Ϊߵ, ֻһܶ, ʶޱǿ, ֮ǰ⻯ûΪܶʶΪ, ⻯ҲǿһЩ𲽽ʶʶˡ
ȷ⻯Ϊû֮ǰ, ǾһСףʶһӴ嫣С׵ĳ޵ģװ󺣣һСľͻѣûжùʶ
⻯ΪСױСȻޣʩչˣܶʶõ֤
ѰʿҪ޵ؽʶţΪǵʶ̫СҪЩҲȵ

ʱʧһûڰҹʱĽ޹͵
żоصĿڿʱһʶס
ԭѸӦ˵ĿӣԨųʶͺѸ֪Ͼ⻯Ϊ͡ûˣȷظ֪Ǻʱʶʱ̽
ɸˡ

ϷɾͨѶϵ֪һжƻ
²ϵɳһЩħϮڡϷɵץסһڵӣе֪ڲվͽع硣ǵ鲻ħȥ򣬴㴦ʶֵͷ롣
ڷ˽أʡ

⼸Ҳûţʱȥͳ׽
ֳȺʦԸǶľӣڡ㵽
ӳ֪Ŀǰڷ˽ĸɣ⣬ֱڡԺ񻪶졣
ΪףڸӴ塢ͳ֣ڵǲҲֻӴڵӡ

ϷɴԺ񻪶Ȼع磬ڴ֮ڵԤֳһӽѼԵĺͯͻ磬ϸ⺢ͯ츳ǰʵš
֪ˡ

һҪڵģΪҪȡôħͷħķͷű塣

˼ǰ󣬵аţ
ڳҵҲϷɵشӷ˽ѡӣ÷ǰϸԳ֣ںüͯħӡ
СЩ
ħ˷ģû˷¶ֽšϷɰȻħ꿪ӡƽ⡣

Ҳӡѧһ飬ֻû뵽ħӡڸԼϷһ֪

طħӡĸӡӡ߻ɥʧ־ʱһñȫĸӡߡħӡʩչ̣ӡߺĸӡߵΪһ󾳽磬ҪħӡŻȫЧӡΪĸӡߣħӡʧЧڹ۱ӡΪΣӡȡطħ

ѧħӡΪԼŮһӡ
ħӡǳɹʩչˣŮûʲô仯ҲϾӡʱ̡

ȥ飬ѼͯûһԪɵġϷɵУҲһӡ
ԪɣϷ˲ˣ˽ҵļ¼һСԪɣʮ꣬Ǹͯ츳صעѾӡˡ
ܺáˣ¶㣬Һܷġ
ħϷ𾴵ԺͽĸӡӡһݽˣħӡЧħ˾ܲǲˡ
ֵﶼҵȰϸǱϿʲôԾʵħӡȥڣҲƾĸӡӡߡ

رħӡ˺ܶࣿĽ˲ϸɡ
ǣ˰;ģʣ²٣ҲһЩħӡʿ˸λĽ˵ˣҪϷɵ꣬㹻ܶˣĽ⼸ڷųħˣû뵽ħˡʵڲûܰﵽħˡ

죺㵹˼
۹һֱЦ

ԨΪúܺ⣬ϷΪ
ĿǰûкһλĹĺĽӴϷɵĻĽӦһƵˡĽΪӺʹ

ڹڵںܿ쵽

ʱ뿪˽ˡ
µٺӦǲٺҹˡȻšնϳԵ޹ءǳµ˵ġµͺá
ȱЩˣҲػҵˣͽʦְɡ
ǣʦ֡΢Ц

ʦÿǰ˵𣬺һǾͳȵ
ʣȥҪ׼Щʲôʳ
װ
ȼ״ĵЩҲǿԵģδٹȣǰ׼ʳҲԶŻɷӷΣ·ûҪڱӰ˵ģʦÿɴ롣λޣʦò˴̫
ˡллʦֽ𡣡

ʵ۵֪ԼġŮǰ磬ϲ֡
ȥίؾܾ
ʵغʶ࣬ûپŲţ˴ܸ̫ӡ֪֮˺ʿ֮便жĲ֮࣬

ʵΪŮϯͱҲܾˣ˳ϲ͵£
ʵֻա

ܿ͵ʱ䡣

Ƚ쵽ͣأһ潻ʦûڣڷ϶տ
һ㶣Цԭڶʦãʦַģһչġ

ڶӵܳ츳õĺͯΪʺãųΪڵڶ
֪ˣû͡
иεԭԭ򲻱˵ԾŰɡ

ʦֲϷ𣿡̽ʡ
ڣɳʦţʦǣջءΪϤţ͵ʦ÷ſģڻΪĵڶҡ

صͷų뿪
̤Ϸۣһλ£зٶȺܿ죬ֻʱɴš

ʱȻ¡
ٴμ˳䣬һϮۣվ룬߷·𲻾ɨ

ǳ
һ۳䣬ɫصʦֺ˵

ԶλżСǵͱСˡ
ѰһȦȻڽ䷢Ԫɡ

ԪҲ͵͵һϷۣԪɾͿˣﶼĿĽ㣬ȥк
Ԫͷһ

ĥĥ߹дԶ׼ĺ£Ͱ͵

ǣɻؿ⺢ʶ㣿





29.     ص

, ѲǹˡԪɵ
Ԫɲؿһʱ䲻֪νӻ
ȥűҪնϳԵҲǹ, Ҳˣƽ۽ɡ

ԪǸ, ҲǸʶˣΪŵ, Ż뽫Ϊ塣
Ԫһ˵, Ƭ, Сǣ
ͺá
ЦôнʲôԺҲ, Ǿͬˡ

Ԫһ٣׹ˡ
ʩչаӡҪڡھǲ⡣
ӡʱҪԲ͸¶ݡ

Ԫһֱֱ˿ڷ, Ԫɲ׹ǰŮ˴ʲô, ҪڣҪ, Ԫɱѡгİ֡

Ԫ, ˳Ӧһǡ
ٺΪ, ֱ֡

Ǳȥɡ۽ۼһѺӣŮ, ۾
Ԫɵõ׼ظ˻ԭλ

ٹעȴǺӺѽ
ǺӽԪ, ǰһ󳼵ļҶҼΣԪֻȡġ͵ңΪҵݰɡ
һ룬صͷҲǣڷ˽ôãû¹ٲͻİաЦȻӴ֪࣬ʦòֻѹյˡ
Цˣʦ֪⹫
ûע£ȻΪΣ
ʳ谮ңеĺö͵ǰö֮йݵԡҵ׸Ҿ˺üΣǻΧתʱһ˵Ϊ㡣
ͬԿηҲУʦĪҪЩϡΪڮȻ졣
ЦҡͷʵЩҲ㲻ڮ١Źֵصʦ˵ŮԸ⣬Ҳӵ׺ͷ̣һ

ȷʵôŮ޻١
ʦôŮأʡ
ԸȨ๣ŮʵȻôն
ڷ˽粢ŮǿҲҪѭ׹أŮ˲عأ˾ͻ
ʲô֮ԻڮΪ
Ϊг衣ƽ
澪˰ΣЦһΪʲôأԭʦǣ뷲˽粻ͬû˻ΪŮ˷̶ڮǡ磬ϾʵΪġ

һ̸Ĺϵ˲١

ʿ˵Ļһֲؽ˳Ķ䡣
ǹ齿ѣʵ۲أֹ񣬴һ˲١
伸һʼ˵鵽飬Ҳ˼һŮӡ

ֻǺȻ˵г衱֣䲻ɸеһ˿졭
ںܾúܾ֮ǰʦڲ˵ϸλĵг衣

ĳݵ˼ʦ仰ǳ⡣
ΪʲôҪг裿ѽºг費һ𣿡
ôһأ֮ƽȵλгͲˣλߣλߣҪֺңҲҪֺ

ȻͶˣʦϲֺãϲֺñˡ
֮ùɶ£¶ʦġ
ȻΪĹɶ¶׽һЩ

±ȥҲħǣȻʱʱ
˽磬ϤݺĴƵˣܸоħȴٴα

һ졣
ڵ½λʱһ˷۷֣ٿʡ
ϵĺǶ͵͵ľ⿴һֺۣܿɫ׵ͷ

ôˣе
ҡҡͷе¸ߡ

һ˿ʧˡ
Ƕ˵˹ڡг衱£Ƶġʦ㲻¸ߣϲʣҲʱŵɫײϿ档
֪ΪΣÿЩħᴫļ¶ȸԾΪʲôΪѼϳ
ҲգǲһˣûҪڼѰǵ֮
ǿԼתע

Ҫʱȵģſߵ˯һ
ȥĶ٣ֻ˼ĳʳûϵڵӻɷʳ

ķֶãһ磬һ顣
һµط

ħЩħϢŵ²¶硣ѾħˣԪΪħҪ飬Ԫֻᱻתħᱻת
ȥҪڹͻᱩ¶ħתޱĹͷ޳

Ѱҽ֮û뵽ıҵˡ

޵ʱڣڸħαװɵޣԸߣױ˲

Ϊħû취ģⲿǿаʿڵɳԼʹãֻҪ¶ħͺѰһ޶
ˡͺðˣֻһеΪĵùѶԷɵԼħ޵ݡ

Ϸɽħӡĸӡƾĸӡ֪ӡҷϣͯħӡӡ
֪һΪеҲħӡæǰæοܵŵ׺ͯߵʦֵ˵˵ЦЦ˭ҲǸϸ

ɣѾѡ
еʿ֪ħħӡɱһŵơ
ħսٵͷһˮͻȻˮʹѾǳһ൱Ȥ

ʱһζ۷мڵɷĳʳһûһ졣
Ƭ̣ǰãɽƣƮ죬һɽ弫ߣֱֱͱʡ

ǽţ뷲˽Ľ֮Ƿȥܵˡ
֮УһƬʡ

ϢĹǰȻʡ
ĹһӳУĿ֮ɽЩɽȴһЩ˵֮ɫŸ

˵֡
ص㡤ɽɽһѷ죬뷲˽硣ɽ޺УǳΣգʢҩյأҲǱء

ڵˡ
ڻص硣

ڶݣɽڶݵٷǡΪ⣬ȷ۵ʦûЩǻٷţסڰŵĿջպͳһʽʦþڿջкúϢ¿ͨջĻϵңǶڵ۵ӡ
ллʦ㡣ʽʲôҪע𣿡
Ƭ̣ʦֻһ仰ѭġ

ʲôùŪġ䳰ȷǹһһˣȥɵڿ黹ûб䣬ЩͷҲ֪»

ٷǵĿջоȴʽסջĵһš

һڰҹϢǱķ䣬̾ѡ

һ£˫УĿƵעֳ羴
Ľӭħ˹

һۣо룺ܺã̿С̹ʦܡ׳Ī˽ֳ֮һű޼ӡ

˸ۣЩһĶʲôëôܰҹķꣿ




30.  Ľ   

ɫĽħ, ħħ֮һħĵɽ侫ڷӡ֮ͻ÷֮, Ѳ⡣

þòĽ
þò, ħˡĽü͵˵

ӯӯ¹뷿ڣӨļ͵¹··ɢ΢, ɢ˿Ĵǰ, дһʡ

ĽסȵĿ, ת³çˣħ𷣡µ֪ħ˵Ϣеϲ, óȻ

üʶĽͷȥΪֻ˼¡
ϰҹװɾ޵ӽ֮ڣĽȻãûʲô׼Ҳûװ

Ȼʵʵش, Ľ໹ͣ, תΪҲΪڸϲ̬ĺΡ
뿪̫, ࿴һ, һ㡭ٽһ㡭

һڼ, ˣתɡ

Ľõ׼, Ÿ۾

ħ𷣡
ˡںС¶Ϸɻȥˣ
, Ϸѷħµħˣħ˻δٷǣ±ڴ˵ȺˡĽ

͸ڷͦġ
ҡĽЦ޺ħ¾͸ⱾӦְ𡣡

ôأ

һֱĽˣΪĽǸĸεЦ滢һÿǸڿ˾ڿ˵·ϣв
ĽǳóƨĻģ˺ܵĻġ
˼ģǸĵСˣ˸ţˡ

Ľ㡭
˵˼֣ĽȦһ졣
ºò׼ħˣôأ˫һգգؿдŲίħǰֱӽСĽġĪħ˻´Ĺ뷿ħ¡



λ˵ôģ

һĽίͰ͵Ǳݣú޲ܵͷ
Ľ۲۱ӲǱӣǳŲ˳ۡ

еȤЦһػ˸ƺСĽЩˣħϷɣҺܷġ
࣬ⱾǸġĽµħƷҵɨɣһͳ˽硣
˵Ʒ⡭΢ֱЩʵеõƿħ
ܣ°ȥϸһλڸ߲ȴδõйħ鱨ĽЩ²²⣬ħ֪ܽҪͻƣֻǼ֡ʦ嫣һҲ֪֮һ

˴ħǿдⲿͻƴħˣһħܱһµħ㱻εˣԽߣħԽ״̬¸ʿĶ֣Ǻ޶Ľ֮꣬Ҳͻħÿζδܳɹħڿֲûҵƽ취

˼
ϵħôͻƵģͻƣҲڱڡ

ħϵ󷨷ģԼħϹʱڴɽģҪƽǼѡĽħ⻯ı뿪ħǳ¡

һھΪ˴£ƽϲûħϣзܴ򿪣ħܹϣзƵҲȱġ
ǣħˡĽǹ𣬡

´Ѷ˼ɽţϵͲˡ
ĽĵһӻͳһöµϵƵɬħ¡

Ľ⸱ģԽƷԽòζ
ôСɽƵģϵ̻ϲơ

ʦαװ˷дѶ֮ЧͬʱҲһĽϸµؽͣħ⻯Ϊͨ죬Ҫ
ӴϣԶתСĳߴ硣
ƻϡ
һЦˡСĽ

СĽĽúðñŤ

СĽСĽСĽһƤ񣬡СĽĹ
ȻĽ·ûһЦеģÿ̷ħ˿ҪྡģϾΪħġ
˼˵̷ģš
ĽƮƮƳһۣЦ

̬ȸðˣĽȴ˵һ䡣

ССĽʲôü

СССССйƤһͰͣ㡭С
ǽʲôСŹֵؿʡ
ֻĽԸСܻͽҰ
ðɣȻ㲻Ը⣬Ǿͻаջߡ

񶾵Ůôǿˣ
ˣΪػ᲻ԸĵСʲôССᡣ
û뵽ͲССˡ
ﷸŤˡ
ǹġǹģ

Ľ΢鰽ЦøӲá
ħ˴ӷ˽ӦûǮƣרΪ׼˴ָҲָαװûķװʯ͸ҩӦùһʱˡȡһöָָϵ·ħҪܴѶ¡

ùָʶһɨ
ָռڣѻɽʯķ̵ĵҩһŵܸ̽طš
ϻһ¼ܣʽķǶĺ졢¸߹ϡˮöȹ׵ζ׼ˣͷԱߵ̴ľСҸǷƷ
ǮϢ

¾׼Щ֪ħǷϲĽʡ
ҺϲԽĽԽ˳ۣ̲סҵĺ
ħϲͺáĽ޴аΧˣƽø졣

ŵٷиݵ㣬ħ£ͨϵȻھݵ档
ݵĶ
ٷ¥Ǿݵ㡣ĽЦħеҲȥ䣬Ƕ˳Ҳ£¥˶ħϸҪôǱħӡˣΡ

ĽЦݼҪ˶ôһľͺˡ
̷ħˣĪҡĽһݡ



һζ

գҪڶһμڴˡ

վΡɽ£ƷǷɽ塣
ѵʯԶԶȥһɫ׺ɽ䣬һʯǰж֡ġ

ϤȻ
ڶ·

һ·ΣѾǵˡ
֪һΣ߳·






31.     ūĵ

¾ۼһС, 󲿷ֶǲʮĺӣ͵ĺټ
ͯδɣҲԽ, ƫ˸ѳɣ, ҪøʱĥͨٶȣȻǺͯһЩ
ͽʱһҲСһĺͯ
, 걻ֳŵʱͬʮ, Ȼٶȵ, Ϊ֮쿰

һ磬㱻µӵִǰ½½, ԪҲˡ
ȺΣûٹҵ
òʵ̫ˣվ˵Ŀ⣬Ԫɿ˶͵͵վȺǰִ¶࿴ۡ
ûǰ, Ⱥ΢ΧճһСȦյء

Ԫɹ, ˼ʦ㡭
ĥĳƺ, , ֱֲ, ȥҲֻʦƺʡ
ȻûʽɽţʱһʦҲ

, Ԫɡͷ¶һЦݣ⼸ڿջΣ
ԪܳСһж, ջ׼ķʳܺóԣסҲڷ˽Щ˵꣬תһ룬϶˵Щϻ֪ģӦǱ顣
Ԫ룬ֵǲˣмͬ˱˱𴦣ûټǡ˵һʺʵĺͯɣһڡ

Сͦϵ˵õĶȻǸġ
߿ԪһۣڶҪʵ˲ţӲܱȫռˣͬûͬһţԺлġ
Ԫˣֹؿ
ʲôֱʣĪҪ¡ָÿμҶô£һΪʲôˮޡ

ȻԪȺˮ޻Ҫ¡
һݣʶԼڱ̫ˣĲոǾ仰˼Ҫһ㣬ҪôСҪѺµ¶

ˣʦ㡣ԪɽļԼıȻһ㡣
ֱʣԪѰ˼ֻʼ޹ؽҪС⣬ǲġ
ʵǣʦʶڵ𣿡ŵص
ʶڵڷ˽һֱҽ屣ֽӴҾʱʶǵġĻƺ⣬ҶԼ˽Ǵ֪ġ

ԪɶˣǰŮԼڵӽãûзĿ
ʶԪɸӿ־壬֪ǻĿİڵģ֪ҪʲôҪʲô

ԪɣҽǽţϣǳϵҲǻˡº
ԪȴëȻ
ƤſµĶ΢ЦԪɾ⣬˵Ԫɾÿ仰һ˼
ˣԼ˳ӵصǣʦ㡣
˵ϵ

ˣִ˵λԵˣҪڣţţܳΪʽӡ

ÿɽͽ֮δڵż䶼ԵҲڡ
˵ںߣǰ˺٣ͳŶʮͯҪǸϵ֮ڣǰŻɽ˺ҶǴ˻ڵһء
˿վĶǸ츳صģֻžڡ

ɫϡ
ųˮĹΣͷſ

ţؽֱǶִµ
ٺŵɫɷף˵ţʵһݣϣֱƶˣ쳣ɽŵɽ֪ҪѶ೤ʱ䡣

ȴ˳Ժʿͻط˽硣ִĮȻű㲻ɰ;ˡ

ûһ˳ͯǷ˽ģǶ˼ҳܳԱůܳɣôȥ
ʱгԥԥ˭Ըһȥ
СӾҪи˴ͷŸҼߡ

ƫһǰִòͷš
ִؿͷĿš

Ԫɼ˺ԥظȥ
һĻˣԪɵӰʧˡɫ԰ף˴ͷһҧš

һ̤ţһεɱĸй١
ţǰѶ͵ʯףķźʯףǻþ

ص㡤š潨֮йԻþ֮ЧΪһ̤űᱻþһᱻɸѡӡԵľ

ȹǿŵĻþκβ㣬ڻþﱣѣЩСûˡģ޷鿴㾭ĻþҲõ¶

Ҷͷ˿տҲЩӱŴ͵˱𴦡
ϾܱɽֻҪԸ⣬ھܵǶ
ʮϢ͵Ƕ̫ˣһɡƵȹ

þ޷Ӱ㣬Ӧܿþġ಻סʣ㿴ʲô
˻￴˻濴ԼҵĹųڵҪôʹ飬Ҫô˼㱡
̶ֳȣûлþܶɳ
ɰ̫֪Ļþﶼʲôˡ
ῴЩˡЩ£

ȷʵ˻þ
һߣһþе˶˵
Ȼʲôͣ½Ų

ĸٶǰĽճĸһʺѪ

þĸƣرסӤض빬󣬲֪ӵжຮ䡢¼š˹ػթٵվǵвһΡ
ĸظҸ֣СԺŲ
ˣСȡ˷֮⡣ĸ־˷ı߹פأ߹䣬Ҳ䡭һຮһĿຮ
Сպ󲻾Ϻǿ˻ϣҪñ˵ůԼ

ĸĻӰɢǰߡ

ʦ嫵ĻӰˡ
ʱ嫣ϻɬһһѳ߷ɡ
εʦãִˡʵȦɽ¹ǲǱ㿾ˣ
ŮЦеѽʦֿҪұܣ¹⻹ʣ²٣ҷһ룡
嫷̰ΪȻ˿죬ʱ䶼ͳˡʦðʦãͲŬһ𣿡
ûĵطŬֱ׳
ʦãʱܵǶ嫵㻹ǵΪ𣿡
ҼǵáЦΪڣҲûԼҵˣҪµһңߣ
ңˣȦɽ¹ǵ˴ù޿κεˣΪʰһ̯ӣһˡ

ʧˣʦܳĻӰۡ

ǰĳʮңסִʵ֣һһؽ
Ĺͨأԡ͵ȵķʦҪֽɰʦֱйġͨأʱֽɰͳ֮
ʦôǼȷʦ۾ؿ
һЦ²¡
Ȼķʦ
ôģЦˣڷϵ軹̸ʦ
ҲûصʦʦҴûܽ͸ˣѧʦҲûʦ㽲úá
㵹ҡݸ
ʦ㣬ͷǾĽʦΪĴʿ

ųֵģԨ

ڵħԨΪ١
һϮȹһٱҡϡ
öĵصħѧ˼Ұɹ̫С
Ԩɤ𣬡ϲ⣿
¥ܶôֺŮˣҲܶԹɫʱദ˽ԸֻҪ忪ģӾͻùࡣ
ԭϲģħľɫ̫ˣżҲ뿴һġ⡣

Ȼγħӿݺᡣ
һն޵Ľʡ
𺳵һĻˣվһĻмֿ͸޴ķ϶ħʱԡڽɫħǲ֪жûսˡ

⾪ޣҲޡ
Ԩ۾ؿһĻ˺ؿӿİؿ
ûͷƵɻҡϣ˸Ժɹ̫ôɰɡ
ԨЦôˣԨ
ūұ˵ķסˡԨƽҵ
ƨĻ飬̾⡣ĻǼ⣿
ūҵȻĵġԨ
֡ãȻ룬ٵֺÿһ仰ĵģֻĻġ
ǾǾ仰˵ڵһ˲䣬ԨͻȻֱ治ԼĵĻǼˡ

ʵĻӰɢɢۡ
кλӰǲΪ

°ɫ۷ɣһӰ档
ڣüۼ価º͵Ц⡣

ֳ

С㳤ˡֳп찡һûʶʱţܶһˡ
ҡҡͷЦ·Ҫȥ𣿡

ߵֳĻӰǰ
ֳ̧֣ƺ봥ӣȻֻһ޵ĹӰ
ʵڵˣǴڻþеĻǹȥӰӡ

Ǹְʦ𣬡ֳѡֵ·Ҷᾡܣȫƴҵ

һͣ½Ų̾˿ĬĬص˼ˣôҰ

شֳĻӰţþȻɢ

Żþơ
ɫ䵽ϣת任
ͳš

ƽʯשɵĹ㳡ͷǻֺ׳ڴ
ܣ㳡ֻԼһˡ

ˡֹӦٶాһͷ̫עĿˡ

裿
̧ͷһʦվڴʯϣͷ
嫲վмŮҲڵĳϡ

裬λ

ͽִ֣֪֮˼Ĵڣ㿴Ҳû¶κ
йµ׸뿪ŵĵӿɰһ壬һȫƾԸϸϸѡһ

˫ĵӵȻҪҵ塣һλݽȹŮȿڡ
Цһ££˵Ըѧ

λ
ɹע
ΪڱϸӦħӡ




32.     û

ʦ, ӸڣԸ嶼˽⣬β˽֮ѡأһغ˳Ե
ʦ˵, ̫ˡµ
º͵ضЦЦҪѹ, ׸ŵĵӿѡһ壬Լȥɽͺá

ʱ, ʲôͬ𣿡ʱرɻ
Ȼвͬġ, ҵ޵, óֲҩԼڵҩҪҵ幩⣬Ҳһ, 塣ڼټ֮ɽΪһ壬ɫ֮࣬⻹һЩС壬С, ޵ĻǽΪƫŵĵ

ʱոտ˵˵˵, ޽, Ψҷרɱ֮
Ȼһ뷢԰׵˵Ϸ˷, ¼, ֻԸ߾߲ɾͣһǷ
վұߵĹͷȰĴԴ, ϿҵǸÿնҪΧڻ¯ߴ, ۣҷûŮӡ
壬һ˵ϰͬҪ츳ԣĻھվǰ
嫹˹֡

嫡
ŵʣڳǲԼͬ벽վǰλλ硣

λ嫳ϣ磬ʿָڽܵҵҲǿߣ鿼塣
Ŀʦõ氮ϧ˲š
ŮӺԵˡ

еΪѣǲ֪ѡĸ塣
嫹۲Ƭ̣ǣʣµ½뿪ţٸҴҲ١

˿̹㳡ɿһˣ뿪ʵ̫ˣͳʱǳ򶨣ûϽþһ

һ£㡣嫳
ʡع
пʲô嫵㲻˵ôԲش𡣡
ûʲô˵ġͷٵڻþ￴ף˵Ըһ˳졣֪ôģҾͳˡ
嫱΢ɣԭˡ

ϱƺûԵͻȻ󡢷ĵΪȱ
ҵû츳𣿡ɻʡ
ûһ˽һ޵ÿһ۷˼ûУ֮ɢ̰ãͷѧĲ񡣡ֱ̬̾Уһ㵱ûѧΪûʱ䣬ΪѧᣬϾϻʱ乻ˡ
Ǻãѧ˾
ҲСȤ뿴ܲѧɸ𡣡

˵ϲܵڶı̬ˡ
ô˵еģӳڻô꣬ûκһ
۽Ľ˫˿ɵС
ǹϵʦҲκβ
۷طӡһħӡܽð
ɽͼȾһʹ

ѾǺҪĸˣͷŴǰļˣ뵤塣

ɫһϲãҵһ츳ѵĵӡ
ʦôҪŮΪͽĵ
ţȹ۲۲죬ͽ֮Ժ˵ɫ
ҲáµӳէԪӤͽһ죬»꣬ȵͨӣĥĥ
ʦ˼ȫ

嫿һ۱ˣһŵĵӾ͹ˡڵ˼ѧǱҪ˱ȭȭ֮ġ
ǣӽǡ

źȻâš
â˸䣬һӱͳ

֮ڶͨĵӾԪɡ
ۣһž͹ڵ

Ԫɣһ䡣
Ԫ˸飬˲ѣһѿڶ
ȻüԪҲʶƺԾͷһСԲʦ㣬ֺˡ
޷ϰ߾ͺˡ´βҪôˡ

ǰǱԪߡ
ȤŮڷ˽绹Ǹʶġ
ͯԲôͳˣ꣬ܵͷ
ϧи츳õġ
壬ܶûˡ
λഫ

ͷѡɽ壬ĵӾûĴˣĸţ츳õ˶ܵŴ

ԪɼڵĴЩ¶ӣҳ
µ嫱ڴ˵Ⱥ򣬵ʣµĵ߳ţλΪǰȥ
ԪиףŸɢ٣ǵǣ
ͷѡɽ壬ʣµĵӱɽѡԪ츳ԶӦиó·

Ĺ㳡½½½ӱͳÿ˶̻̣˸㲻ԼεأŵĻþڵΪ˻ɺַܴӦʵ
˰ʱȫĵӶųˡ

ʦʦ㡭Ԫ࿵һһأ
ĸ㣬һ塣Ѵ뵤壬㲻һҪһ塣
仰Ԫ˸Ȧ²⣬ڰʾݵķȥ

ѹѹεɢ㳡ϵĺͯ鲻Խر죬֡

ţʽڵӡͻģǽһ壬кֵҶϣμסԼڵӵݣϷǰС

ɴص٣ҳ˼ʵģǿɲҪӡ
ͷǵģҾͲλˡȵЦʣµĹҵͺá
ʦôͷ

ֽһϼ⣬סӵܣоԪɡ
ԸԸ壿żɽ

ԪʶЦһ£ŷĵذһݣŴԸ壡



ʽ󣬱˻˵壬Ȼǽ˸˵ĵӡ

ǵˡ
ʦþȻҵˣԵʲôģֱҾͺáʦһΪƣвģʦҵԲ˿
ұز죬ʦ㣬ܷˡЦպҪ鷳ʦˡ

涨Ȼ֪ʦħϸûϸӦħӡ

չʦʦʲô鷳߰ɣʦȴȥȡƺڵӷΡӷοɴɲ㴩Լ·ҲУмǵҪţŽҪõƶ˻ˣ͵ִµȥһ

½ڵתһȦ·źһȥִµԼɷӰ˵·

ռһ˹˵ǳԲģߵ½Ӷ

·ҲУΪ㲻Щ·ʲô۵ˡһŷǰǽסϱԺţҸԵķᡣ
ڵӷ׷ɢȥƽҩ԰ȥǶ
лʦ㡣΢ЦĿȥ

ҵԼķᣬƴ󷨽˽ȥ

Ųһ٣Ժվһˡ
ȹݽᣬǱ

ض񣬡˶ӣδܺʹ˵ϻԱܿ˶Ŀݼˡ£뾡ܷԸ

ã̧ĹҪȡ˵Ҹʵѡ
˵ǡҪⱾȡ뼺סħݡ
ȡ˻𣿴˶ѡǷҪ󣿡ڵӵ򲢲ףҪ˾ˣҪʱȥѰˣɢޣŲע⡣
üʲôˣֻҪĶУ鲻ˣᵼһʱ䡣

Ǿͺðˡ˳ֱͿɡ
ܺáصͷ

ħӡǸö




33.  ʦ   Ǹư



, ָϣת
ʱһڵк, עڣ, Ȼ÷Ž䴢
ʱѹһСöɫ, һڵʩչ

ǵֻȡһ͹ҪҪȡһ㣿
ûҪ, ŵĵ, չʾΪ̫ߣӾͺáЩһԵģùûˡа, ̫Ϊ½ԺҪʱʱһˣΪҲĹ
֮ϸˮȲóеΪ½ķ, ҲԾ

±ĴѶ, ¼ʱϵ˫ַϡ
áùת, жħϸ
ش˵Ļ, ֪ͷ, ÿϸͷ˵ϵģǲ֪Է, ÿͷɷǶԸĲ֣ûκνΪ˷ֹ¶, һݰ¶ǣˡ±ӸλҲȨ֪жͬš
ܡ

ĽǸϺˣҸ˵бħӡͬʱҲڱտӡԵֿѶѻꡣƶصھһڼ飬ҲڼͳĶ

ȤʣǴӺʱʼΪħµģ
һٰʮǰε֮ʦҸհʦʱħһλˣ֮󣬱ħˡ

˿ôãǵ֮״ӰȻҲܱĽҵ֣
˵Ľ֮ĵӶֵġҪܽڸ߲ߣɱˣҲԸһ·ɳڸ߲㡣

ƽﶼЩʲô⴫鱨𣿡ʱ
رҪ飬ͨħĴˡʱݷԼ£ϵǵҪ񡣡˵ˣҪǻȡڵΣԼǱܲضòضá

ġðڲڣħߡ

һֱǱ˱ڶȻҲϸвϸҲһ˸λĽħӡ͸ƻѾʵʩ˼ˣ䣬ﵽ˶ڼ飿
ߵһǱڽǱڸֻħ´ͻӲ֮߳¶һ

бҪʱ
жٻ
λ䳤ϡ嫳ϣ赺ͽԨϸϸؽ⣬䳤ϳչزչͻƣ嫳ϴԨǿ䳤ϣʱΣڡ

赣Ů˾Ȼˣҧгݣӽɽڣ
ˣʱ㱨𡣡ͷ£˵һ䡣
Ȼ˳ëˣ̫ףŮ֮ǰ㡣

˵ϵĻλǰأ
Ļʿǿڶɽ޷ͻƵģ½ͼͻƶɽ٣ûһܳɹش䣬мλһֱѹΪɽ٣ԪϾҪľˡ

ҼǵڵǺǿģֱճɱ˲ٻ񣬸ɵĵһӾͲˡ˵˵ͬǻôôأЩʿǰѧýСѲࡣ
ɽôѣü
Ϊأһ˶ûܳɹɽ١̾㹻ţˣûħģĻʿǱһƨ

д˵صͳϾʿ޷ɽ٣ֹֻڻд˵Ͻ½ͨˣʿŲܷд˵ԪϹʱϡ٣֧ʿɽ١
Ժܶ࣬ûһܱ֤ġ˼ˣרעǰɡ

֪֪
䳤ڷ˽ܵ˲СĴˣһЩδİˣǰջҩʵش𣬡䳤Ŀǰڱչء
Ԩأʡ
ԨѹڣԵģǸȻڸ߲֮һһ˻̫ǳ֣ܲûʸ뻯ʿƽƽ̴¡

ˣ֪Ҷ֪ˡ˼¡
ǣˡ

ߺ߽СԺ

Ǽľݣڳ򵥣һһһΡ
潻üҾ߲ס

̫ªˣħԶˡģҲڷ˽ĻʹԶˡ
סŰɣҵֻһ½Ӷѡɨۡ

ִµƷڴϣһ¡
һöŵӷףһֻ
͵ȵ֣ռС򿪿˿ʮöƷʯŵÿ¶ʱŵ
һЩ飬ҩ֮ġ
ŵĵÿҪȥѧϿΣǰĸ֪ʶǵ壬֮;

ڴϥ£Ľָóһ̡
̵ЧڱϢ˦̣Զֻгһ󣬽λס

Ҫ
ǣȫˣҲԪĿתħ

ħһſʱά״̬ʹħĹ
ڷ˽ѹΪ࣬ƹתƣɵĺܾܿ˯˯źȻͻˡ
˿̵磬ڲѹˡ

ɽһӴԪǳŨħٶȱڷ˽

Լʱ˳ͻơ
۾ͫ̾ڵħħ壬һɫɴ¡
һħħڵ

һʿͻųʴ֮ûһΪʹҲƵЧáȡʱѾչˡ

˿߳վԺڣʡ
µֵɽ֮䣬¡

޶˾⾰е졣
Ҳںܾúܾ֮ǰҲվԺңڵա
һγΪڵĵӡ

΢
Ұ֡

ڡɡš

ɹڣõǡֳ䡱

طѰ١ƬѪӡ֯صƷ׷ѰѰ֮˵䡣طĳɹѰ֮˵ľأѰ֮˾ԽɹԽߣԽԶɹԽ͡طֻʩչᣬζʧܣطʧЧ

»ɬ׭ӳطʹ÷

ط˼
ѰٵԭǽƷѰ֮˵ϵѰټƷѰ֮˵ĹϵȻԽԽãƬѪӡؼûкֳصƷ
ȵȡܻУ
Ųڵħϡ

ħֳ͸ģҪȫͶ죬ڶʱѪ˵ħһЩֳʱµӡǡ

ƾãֳħµӡǿĥˡ
ôħأֳû³ħĲӡǵƷ
ûУǰˣУЩҲͲ֪ˣħΨһеĿֳܲӡǵĶ
ݹļ䣬ֳǱɱˣͶֻصˡ
û´ֳӦǽĳطͶ̥תˣӵػһεĻᡣ

ط˰죬վһѡ
ⱾطǶģֳҵԶҲ
ãλùҲѰˡղײգɴھʩչһһԡ

ʲôأֵؿӡȵȣħʲô

ħһǰһֻܿѪɫϸߡ
Ѫɫϸʱʱ֣ǳȶȥƺΪָ

ȵؿ˿ߣɢ֮ǰ뿪Ժӡ

ȥֲ⡣
Ҹˡ۾ߵλá

˶࣬ӶææµµɫҴңм䲻ôעĿ
źһð̵Ľǰ

һͷˮ
ҲԼҴ˵ط˼ⶰð̵Ľֿ
ȷʵǳ

ʱ˵ǽŵĵ𣿡
鲻䣬ͷЦǣʦ֡ʲôط
ãδٹȵĵӶ÷еЦеؽͣ󣬵طңҪס·ȻҪˡ
лʦֹģҼ·ˡ˳װȥƫƧҺҡ

ڵʦֵʢ½˷ãʵҪԶѾˣΪǴһ㡣
ֻܿĺƵ˺

ظе˷ĵԻ
Ϊʲôʩչطָߴѵʦ˾ڵ

Ƭ̣˲עŵ˳档
ŵӶǳ޺ȣ̻Ũ۵Χڻ¯

ҵ˿ߣ˳źߵ䣬һ˵С¯
ͷһϸϱ϶úң˿١

ɫֳԻֳתֳ֮ǰֻأתޣֻ·ɣתתתڡ



סˣ벻ǰʦⱲôôҰ

ͬʱﷺ˵ֵĸо
ڣٶǰ·ڿʼ
һлصԭ㡣
еĶصԭ
ǣʦҲǡ
ڣʦҲڡ

һչˣСҪȥһ̧ͷȻʲôסһ鲻Խغһ

·˳Ⱦòһ۱˺ͳ۵Ļ롣

С꾪ŵص
΢ʲô֣

СǺҵغ˼Ұ֡
ɻͷ

һֻ˼ơ

Ǹưͣ˵




34.  ħ   òԻĵù

鸴ӡ
û뵽ʦת˺ջ, һǸСư͡

λʦ㣬ôܺˣԱ۵Ҳ͹ѯʡ
˳Цǵŵĵ, ̫ǵ·֪ô¾, ͳȥ
ŶŶʦ롣һ۵̬ΪΪָ·, ʦ, 滹вٿλء

һúҵСư, ۵ӳȥˡ
ڵ۲ʽӣ츳Ϊ, ҪôǰŴ񣬵λһžʽӵ˽ȻͬǴһֻۡ

С˭ѽô˵ʡ
ǽۣǸư͡۵ӵ, ðʦ, ʦ㲻Ҫϡ
ûðҡҡͷ, ʲôôڵģ
ﶼư, Ҳ֪ɶ۵ε, ˵ŵһλִ¿˻, ܹ鲻

ڵ۵ӶΪģ֪ˣСư͸ո, һ㶼ûﵽɼ츳ô
вм츳á۳еػʦⱲӿԵˡ
ֳûʱǸ񣬿ת޵⣬˵ˣܲ˳Ǹδ֪

ͷ˿ţƵתˡ
ڻʱҪҸʵĻֳתŵԼ߿š
Сưڵɻǿһ㣬ôǰȫġ

㻹ûղڸʲô
̾ˣǿǸСư̫ˣŪߺúչˡ



㿴ˣʡ
ȻúңܿóСҪǴɾ˳໹ͦġԸбĿģϳúÿô࣬ҲǸġ
ǰʣСưʲôֵ㿴صĵط
͵ǿɡڵ
ᣬ첻ˡ

ڷ˵㷹ʳյͻ˾סԺ䡣
һڹ棬д״ӡŵӻʦʦְ֮ҵԿٶĶ߸漸ۣŵӾûĴˡ
ڹӣʱСưҪߣӵġ

ڸ½ϵĿηΪκΡ
ǸۣһѧǸֱֿڡ
ڵĵ壬Ҫȥ½һѧϰڵͻص壬ʦʦ㽲ҩ͵ҩ壬ѧľǺص֪ʶ

׾Գ̫ܿ췢֣ʲô㹻ˡ
Ϊ½ֶʶ
˽磬ֻмҾʵĲС顣Ҫµʶ֣Ȼٽʶͼѧ塣

½ʶֵʱѾˡ
ʶűͼʱĬĬѶ¶Ϊһ㡣
ʱʦֵָʩչ˻з

ڲ׾ˣǸͬڵһȺ˽ġӡһܹýͳ˰ĸ߸벻۶С
ںȥ˽ͽһȴɽսĵӴ󲿷лģҪʶҪټ

ѧܿ죬ѧõʦʦʱο۹⿴ʱʱһͬڵµӡ
ʦŬҪһŬ׷ġ
Сʦⷢһ͸ʦˡ
һѧᷨʦ㣬ûѧҪץˣ

߸˵ؿ֣ħȻСǱȥ

ۡ

⻹۵ġ
۵Сǲ

ʦ㣬ǿɣ
ʦ㣬ұɣˮҲУ
ʦ㣬ôôҪôܺһ

ߴߴħܲͷȴòװĵӰǺߡ

ÿǾʱԪɾ͸еëȻ
ûǸȥҲûȰͬűȥŮħͷ߻ƣԾսսԱΧۡ
ԪʱجΣμ÷ˣſѪسԵ˼С
ȻԪɾͱˡ

جλᵼ˯½ԪɶȦһߴ˯һһСķʧأͷˡ
ŹͷϵĻͷյֻʣ˰ߣ߽ڵòӡ

ԪͷᣬѶʦֺֺЦ㰡㣬㲻רϰû취ֻܰͷˡ

͡ԪɵľŴһЦ
ͷѧкӶЦΧԪֺغѽԪɱͺˣ

ǡҡҵͷ᳤ģԪ߳ŭš
ڵĺȻͣЪǴӵԪɴȤЦҪսͷ
ԪɣƳ

ЦÿŮҪÿ˭뵽һŮ׵ʵǸаŮħͷأ

úܰȣרĻָΪ̶һ¹ȥΪͻͽ

ٶȣСܽᵤˡ˼ھ㱾Ʋħʵνˣ⻯һعµһֻҪ㹻ãΪػ۷¡
ԭðɡ

ȥķãȷСưǷ񰲺á
ɴñаСư͵΢Щҩ԰

ʦʦҩ԰ΣǱϲҩ
վҩ԰רעع۲ҩ˽ΣСưͷڵɻ

˱΢Ľȴֲһ
һֱڹעСưͣСưҲڰע

С͵㡣ëˡ
һ˳Եضͻˬ˶ڸˬÿˬʱ͸߶߶ضԱ˵ĸΪģš
ƫƫԼǸš

͵ôˣʡ
ûô
룬ֶһòԻĵùԣһǺܶ
ȺȺò˵еӣһֹŹֵͬ顣

ҲǵùеһԱĴۡ
Ыˣָľ
㿴òԴ˻Ȼꡣ

ƺƽ˾
֪ƽ˾Ǳ

磺߻ħˣ嫷Žȥơ
ţȻˣһΪǻס䵮ħϢ

ڸ߲űˣҡҵĵҽǶ⣬ǲŻѳ䳤߻ħϢңȥΪΡ
ʣΣ
ħأֹۡأҸոոϹȥʱ䳤Ȼǲ壬ҲϷҩˣ嫺ԨֲŽѹ
Ȼôأе㾪ȡ
䳤ɷ䣬֪ô£ħȻɷһɷ䷢ħҲһˣԸӦ˽⿪ħûбİ취ֹܹȥ䳤ϳҪħ

ϿͨѶϥϳ˼
ħҶģҪ⿪ħȻҲҪҡ΢ЦȤ̫Ȥˡ
ȤʲôȤЦò⡣
ܽ⿪ħһˣһǳ䲻ںˡãĸ
ҾһϿҵص

ЦĶħͱ˼ˡ

ϧǲؿһħġ

ҹķš

ţδĳǰ

ʦˡȿЦʦٴħϣҳٳûѳ˭ҲȰǱ
ʦ֣ǣɻ
ʦϴȰסħϵĳʦ壬ܡݵֻʦ侲ȥ롭




35.  ɷ   һᶳ

ԥһ¾ʹӦ˳ȡ

²˳, ʦϷɽȵ
ɽವĴӽлȵͣڰС

ȵǽͷ, Ҫ
˶٣С, ˳ס΢΢һӯëǰڷɽϡ

ʧ, ʦ, ɽٶ, ԡѹЩ΢ڣʦҪǺ£ץһ㡣
, ʦ֡СӦǣװɬػס
Ӳˣٱ첻٣Ҫˣվȡ
վˡŵ

һ˵꣬ɽڿն, Хķͷ, Ŀһ˿⡣
תֵ磬̽ͷһۡ
ڸĴȺɽ֮, ҹƵ׺ڵɽ䡣
ڵɽߵ, ֮, ûȥЩ壬Ǵȥ˽ΪƫԶһվɽ塣ɽûκν, ֲҲ٣ȥʮֻƧ
ȴʱԸоǸոմ˺üͽơ

ӷɽ, ãȻشΧ
ڴоԶءսʣʦΪ˶ڵ֮
˼ǣڵݲ

ȴɽСߵһɽǰ
ҪȥȴԳܵɫͣڶڡ
ºڡ

ȻʧЦ
Ȼλڷ˽ֵöôȣʵҲһͨŮˣյİĵطûȫӦ硣

ӴȡòõƵϣŵƾͲ¿·ˡ
ӹƣ𴽽ǵллʦ֡

ɽÿһȵĻ졣
ԽߣɽԽ⺮аţǷ˻ߵΪʿֵܵ˵ġ
ס첲һƬ
ʵ㺮˵ʲôװܲ˵һһ߷

ʦáסΪȡһ״ķҿǲˣûйǵʦõΪͽ׷ܵһЩ֮ʦȴš
áмضЦЦ

·ǺܳǺܿߵ˾ͷ

㵵䳤ǡ

ɽľͷһ޴ʱɫɵģͷϺüë϶Ű˪һس˯
˯ŵʱҲüͷƺʲôʹ࣬˾һı

Ավˡ
嫡ԨԼһŮˡ

ʦλʦ壬Ӱ˴ˡȵ
Ӽ嫳ϣԨϡչͬʱźۼع۲ǸİŮˡ
Ůòׯ࣬˿һ۾;ܲദ

赡Ƚܵ
Լ񣬡Ӽ

赵üëײһ޵ءšһ

ջ˵ڱչأû뵽ھȻѾˣֵĺܴһֱڱչصĳ赶ˡ

Īؿ֣̲ܿƵرǣǰͣڳǰ
ַϣǿһȦ
ι͵ħ顢ɽͼǳûй¶κϢδ쳣
ɫ糣ջ֣¶һЦݡ

ȻҶϴЦȴЦ⡣
ӡ֪ģͱãؿϤĳʦ֣

£ʦԺ͡ȵҪʦ¡
űĳ䣬ôˣ

ѵʱ򲻿ϰǾ跨˯ˡ嫹עΣڵԺǻỽ㳢侲
ؿ﷢һУ㲻˵ȥ۴
ŵɫһף̻޴롣

Ҫ̫ˣʦá嫶Գ赴ֵ̫ˣͬˣ㽫뵽ϣײϡ
һݣ촽˶յлʦ㡭ҳ嶯ˡ

ʱһֱĬԨʵϴγħʱôģ
ȣʦû𣿵ʵʲôûֻ˵˾仰ѡ
Ԩٵһ䵽ϣ΢Ҫ׶һΡ

Ҫ׶һΡ
⻰էһȥûʲô⣬ԨiòͺߡԵøˡ

Źֵ룺Ҳٿһ衣

ħϵĳ䣬µȻҪصѯʣѾʹˣǻҪһһˡ

ü˫۾ͣұڹЪϢԼʱȻ˰һˡһۣͿ䳤Ϲ򡢹Ҵߡ
쳣ѣϾʱ龰̫߳ܣݡȻʲôݵģ˵ǳ䲻෴ÿӿͦ˼ġ
䳤ƺҵһˣһֱڿޣںʦ㡯ʵû취Ůȥ˳ʦ֣ʦˣͰѳ䳤ϴˡʦҪʱϻߣҰ䳤ϵʦȰȰŸʦˡ

Ӧǳ赡
ãԭˡ

Եؿų赡
ɵʣΪγϻϳһˣ

Լǳ̫˰ɡɫ

񣿡̽Ǹǲǲ׷ʡ
ûʲôʵģҲأþһ˶֪赵ֻ

嫼״ϵˣҪЩϸ֦ĩڵ˷ʱˡԨǰѳѡ
ԨͷָΡ

һըѵ죬ϳһƣ䣬¶ĲƵ
ŷ֣֮ԻֳʸΪ֮档
εɷ䷢úܳף֮ϴŨʵΪѾﵽ֮ܶӰ졣

ȸ巨ֵʴֵѡ
æˣ֮ӵø죬˪·ᡣ

ԨѸٷӦſΪ֮ӰһߣƵסĺ󱳣Ϊǲ֮

⣬Ԩջֺ˼
ֱʶսֵԴļ¶ֳˡ߲ܿƵƮ

ܼ𣿡˾䡣
ܼ֡ôȴǰ˼Ӳ֪ܲϴһȰס䳤ϣǵԸһԡ
áºһЩ

̧Ƽһ˳˯ĳ䡣

Ƥ˶ľȻ˫ۣ˫ħƣ˿˿Ƶħ
ħּˣʧءԨ
ſһֱֹֻǰ˼ϢûӦŷĵؽֱ۷£ʾȥ

һͣʦܡ

һľȻüۺȻˣӱΣҵ
һϾ¶˲õѩڵЦݡ

ᣬԶ׼ϲˣʦ㡣

Ȼţ俴÷Ҳ½ı˪Щ˪ڼӡ
ܾһײײغ˼ڽﱧһš

ʦ㡣ɵģҵɷᶳġ






36.  СĻ   

ԸԼ, ҲԸ˵

סˡ

ӵطԸԼͽȥţеĽͽƣκ˽ӽɽ
֪ʦǲµ, ͹˳ȥǰݸһ

̾Ϣһ
û뵽ڳôҪ, һֱΪˡ

ձؽħʱȥ
ڵĳûӦ, Ƕ֪ϵ, Ժ³˽ħĽŴδħħ, ͼȳѺǲһΪߵ
һʿ˵ˣҪôڱضɽ, ˲Ʋӣֱ嫵ͻƻŵźһЩ
ʱ嫺ͳæԨδΪڿ䣬, ʺħǳ䡣

ǰħء
һ, ˼ꡣ

嫵ĳĽס, , ħ
סƽ, ʦˣʦֲص, ȥΪħ

ħľߣҲȥһ, ƺʯ뿪ˡ
嫽ġ
鶼ȥˣѺʦֵΪͻƣٴ죬µһڣһжָ
ȻûϵǱ

ڼװڱ˿ĵطħ̳ս׳Ҳˡ
ֱգħơ

ʦܣǺοأЦ

Ǹó͵ˣʧȥĸһˣʵѾϰ߰еʹѹĵײԱ˵ˡ
ֻʱŻչֳԼһ档

˵ð޵ûޡ
ԳеʱˣСĻõĹע͹ػ
˵ϲֺñˣϲֺá
ԳСβһ׷ĽĹϵһ㡣

ʦ㡣俴߰ɣ䣬ҵɷһˡ

βʵ˵
СĻǽڲ˺ǰϵģΪˣ޷ԭԼ

һŵ˵Сʵ
˳˲٣˵Ҳºˡ

ԹԵģҪҶʦ㡣
ҲҶ¶һǿЦݣЦݺܿ챻ɷʹûˡ

뿿ɽұڣҧʹشϢš
ͻȻҵؿ˺üѪ죬ЩѪҺ͸ָεϣѪصһ˲ͱ֮ˣʢ˼Ѫɫı

μԼ֪Сӵ裬嫵ˣҡҸô죿ôó䳤ϲôܣ

ɷ޽⡣嫴ѳħ˳ѾܺˣɷֻԼȥҪȶסֹٴݽȥ
⡭ΪѵؿŲϲĳ䣬Ҳħ𣿳䳤ϸûϳ˭
ʱסûзҹߵˣȻЩ־壬֮ǰ״̬Ѿ˺ܶࡣ嫵ò
˿ͷҶˣһᾡ䳤ϡ

۵ڵϣȥǵǰ˼±˪ӵЬϡ

ʦ㡭ʦ㡭ǲΪβѡߵģ



ΪʲôҪô˵ʵ

Ҵôݣû𣿡ʵؿûлͷȥ׷㣬һ١ԣֻһ١
޵ԽӿˣҺܶܶΣ

֮󹢹ڻСһ鲻ţ߶

͵͵һѾ嫵ˣСʦϴζǸˣʦܣ
ֻһεǸҲֻԭһΡкüεǸûҶء϶صǸĴˣҲԭµ¡

⡭ԭôֵǮ𣿵Ǹ˾ԭˣ

֪ôػˣһ嫡

ͳ赡Ԩ˴

ħ¿̹ģʼշŲ¡ԨԼĴǲǾƿħˣ
𣿡촽΢
һ԰ɡ嫵סħˡ

嫵ƮĶ
ź˵˳˼
˳ӵصͷ

ų䣺ҶǸԭң
ǡ֪ʦ˵㻰ûϵ˵㻰ģ˵ԭ¾ͻԭ¡
˵㻰һͷˮ

˵Զңû૵˵ƭңѵҪҵǸ𣿡
ʮΪӮΨһһ䲢ûкúϧ뿪ڵʱȥ׷㣬Ҵˡɱȥħ㣬߸źüˡ㻹˵ϲСʦܣͷҷƭңû߻бˡ
߸ŵһ˳ҵͬţΪ𡭡˵Ĵ֣㲻֪ÿ쿴жܡ

Ԥ׵رˡ
ҧгݣݣıָ׿ٳѪ㲻֪һ뵽㡭ʸվߣôأûǸʸ񣡡
Ϊʲôûʸ񣿡ظʣΪʲô
۾죬ħϣڵ֮Ȼء



ȵȡİʵ̫ӣҪһۡ
ԭԨʶԭͿԨ˳ˡʲôڻ̹ʦܺг赥Դף

仺תͷؿɽԨ
Ҳ϶Ȼͷųǿҵɱ

ǻʿ߱ѹӴװֵˣתԼһˣһѪڵء

Ԩɫһ䣬Ҫȥ嫺ͳٴУ׷׷ضŷѵĳ䡣
һ̣ͻȻƵĳѹ
ħˣɱˣ֮Ҳˡ

ʦ㣡û°ɣ侪ʧ˵ǰ봥ȴ֡
԰׵صͷԲ𡭡ҡ

Ҳ˵Բ𡣡ûʦܣԭҺòãҪô嶯ˡ
áӦˡ

һħҲȥˡһڵϣƤƲסҪϡ
ʦ㣬ǸˣҲԭˡ㻹ûвҡǿ۾ִŵؿӦһСҪΪ𣿡
áûвӦĵ
Ӧ˻ʳԣֲħġԼ˵ˣ˵㻰

֪ߣһӦҡֻҵɷ䷢ʱߡ̫̫ˡԶһҲáԽԽС¿ʦ㣬ܸоʦҸҡҾͲˡ

˵һ仰ƤڳŲסغˡ
ɽ֮ˣüëϺͷϵı˪Ҳڡ
Ȼɫ԰ףûڻ˯ʱüͷ

ĬĬų䣬Ƭ̣˰Ѻ̧ͷ嫵ϣ𣿡

ˡ鸴ӵص

ڽɽʵǹھͷ̬ӾὫ͸¶ȥ֡

ǹ͡嫵
һֻƷ಻ĺɰʹƮߣסˣлϡ
ǷڷѺѣҪײҪҲ飬ֱˡ

ȥɣȥʦ֣ȥ嫵

뿪Ѩʱ߾ȻѾˡ

ġﲻס뿪Ǹɽˣһĸʿ˵й¶Ϣ֪
Ӧһ񣬰࣬ɽĸɲء

ҪغܶܶࡣڵĻʿ֪δħͷħפħ꣬һ֪
Ҫù𣿡
ǡĺգЦǰᲢץסҪȥĽҸСæ




37.  ȥ¥   ˶Ů˵˼

ͻסСԺ

ʦ, 䳤ϵʦò𣿡סԥʡ
Ǻ񣬼ֱһģһȵ, ˵Եʦʦͬ, ҲǽĹٶǰһλϴġ
ɴ۾, 㵵ôɣԭһ崫˵еλԶȥھںδ
ħˡĳ, ʦ, Ȼкܶ˶֪ĴڣڵʦͳʦеʹԺĪҪǰˡ

Ȼͬǽ, ᲻ᡭ
ʦ÷ſģʦһ¶Ǩŭ㡣ȵ
ɡռ¡
Ƚ͵ʦˣһֱô, ֻҪʦòŹĴ, Ͳ㡣
ҲᴥŹġллʦֶ˵Щ, 㰲ˡ

º͵Ц, ʱ, ʦûȥЪϢһɡҹۣҪ𣿡
ø, ҲˡԳ񣬡ͷʦһˡ
鷳ʦʵضҵлȴӻ, 鷳вͼʱҡ
á΢΢һЦ

صסó͵ĺɰһĶ
齣һѣҩƿһ

ȡ齣ָڽϣ齣ʱԽǱƿĵҩᣬҩĿƿϵЩҩЧṉ̀ԪٶȣʺϵΪʿΣ̣Ʒ಻
ҺɰһѵõĴ﷨ռܴɲƷ

һ½˵֮㹻أת˻Լö
ѾĽ͵ָ͵ķҩһӦȫдѴѵʯʲôȱ
嫸ĺɰ·¶ǰ˶Ŀˡ

Ƭ̣ϵĽ

ڡϤɤУħкηԸ
û˵ϻֱӵħּϡٵĲҩĻܸ𣿡
ܡĽŴħЧ¿ⷿﱸ˺öࡣ

ࣺ˵ĺöĽռôĻ˲ˡ

ݾõĻʹʿܵӰ죬㡭
˵һ룬Ľؽӿڵħ˿ҪԻס䣿˵ˣħǲ塣
ǡʹسˡ
ߵĻǧģ˳ӰԪӤΪˣ֪ܲӰ컯ʿĽʿñ˽û֤ҩЧħҪԸ䣬ȥʣµǧȡ
˼Ҳãһ㣬ҩЧ

£߽ʿñ˽ҲҩĻᡣĻڴʱڼߣΪҪܳʱ䣬ʱʿȫԽĻų⡣
ǳ״һɷ䷢ʱħҲͬûȰסһֻ׸͸ɳ֮

ħ˼𣿡ĽѯʣͨͨҪʱ䡣
û֪ͨұǡ
ɷշһΣʱڲֻҪ´ηǰõͺá

ħպȥ¥ħ˻ϡĽ½ħ˵ָһɫĺӣװһЩƣоз¥ƣԷ¥˳ʾƣ׸ôˡ
¥¥֣¥Ųħϸħľݵ֮һ

ָɨһȦȻҵɫСӣʮöơ
ʲôپӾ¥ơ۱ֺơ·ͨ̻ơ¥ʹɱӦоС
ƺǷΧ֮㡢֮࣬Ŀࡣ
룬ⶼĽ˲ʱ;齨ЩеʵֵؾӪ⣬еİźɫڱҪʱ̣ǻħĽС

òҳɫķ¥˼һСĽܸɣҶ֪ʲôˡ
ЩˣĽ京ˣûħͨ쳹صΪ޷ʵֻЩ¶϶໨˼ˮʯ͸

СĽϲôܸɵĺѰЦ
Ľ΢ħħˡ

ϲܸɡϲܸɡϲܸɡ
⼸ڰϴƵѭ
ĴôڵϷĽأ
ĽҲʲôöŤӣ˿¡
ƫƫͦϲĽܺõغĽ˵ô໰

ħĽ£пն˵仰ɡ
ĽĻðֱƤ񣬶Ծ΢ЦҲᡣ
ħںûôϵСĽ
üһȻԳơ¡ˣֱԳơСĽŤ

ĽϹΪûʲôӦĬˡ
ⶼС¡ңֱ˵ͺá
ǣħˣĽϲ

ϵĽϥشϼ

ʵ̲סˣߺĥĥ㡭û𣿡
ʲôۡ
ĽͲûѡҶħ˲⡯⼸ֶдˣߡ
ʲôػصôԵһῴ𣿡

㡭ס

ˣһۿ䰮ĽôῴĽ˼
ڶŪĽĽĸԸŪ
һԸһԸ

ĽĻ졣ѣ˼˶Ů˵˼
ƽ֪

̫֪ˡҡͷЦҲ֪˼һ֪ÿ۹עҵ˵˼Ƕҵ˼ԴҳɫòƵҼ٣ڷֱ治塣

㻹ĽĲĽ㣬һ˼õء
ĽǸϸܰԼλá˵ΪѾ̸¡ں̸ʱû˵κһϻ˵꣬Ÿ˵˼޹ؽҪĻ

Ƶ㿴һжô˻ĵô᲻ϲأ

ǣ˵Ľ˼ǲԴò
ͬ˵Ľϲϲ
޼ϲܸɡơͶõԸϲǡϲ

ˣɶ͸ɶɡˣ

ļ֪֪Ǹ˶˼ԭĴǱģ
ȻµһᵭػӦ֪Ȼأ

룬ɶأԼ
ȫûҪżһĽĵͻܡ

ʱܿ͹ȥˡ

գΣ뿪ȥɽµٷǡ

¥ٷ¥ʷǳۡ
Զۣ˸ȹĵ꣬¼µӷΣûǳɫȹ
ָȡһڵòɴãȻ߽¥




38.     ɫ

¥ڵװγ貢Ե, ʮ¡
ʿ٣ǳ֣¥¥ǰ, Ĵֽϻ˳㻨񡣷¥Ѭ㣬ζ, ȴƽһϢ

һŴ۵Ůӭ
еĿŮ, ɫϳˡ

ǵһҷ¥ɣһŰʳЦʵ
ǵһΡгһöɫơ
Ŀ΢, ԭǹ, ¥䡣
ָ»¥
һ¥͸֪ħӡ¥ǸħߣӴ˵ĿŮħӡ, һͷǱΪκ¡

󡣡ʣ¥ļͷпգ˿Ҫǹ˵˵
Źֵֻ˵
Ȼֹ΢ЦƵٳ紷ů, ȫƾԸ
Ǿͽɡ˼

㲻µ𣿽˸ʲô
Ľ˵, ¿䣬ö˷Ѱ̹Ȼ
, , ⡣

ϸµʵϲʲôģʲô͵˶, еġŮġĺõġʳڵġԸرġҪʲô˸˵ͺã¼Ϊš
Ҫ, ҪƫһģҲҪ̫ݣô㼡⡭, ԸҪġ̬ȻطԸвãÿĻûҲС

ݣŮģ

Ҫмأʡ

ѿˣмʲô⣿

ȽһҪҪСƮĶ

һ㲻𣿡ѿڶ
ҪЦЦҲ˵Ƚһ𣿡

ؽᣬΪһơ
õľƣζ嵭ζʺŮáԵƬ̣Ժ

󻺻˳ᣬһڣˮζ۾һָԼֵһ
װģдңõľƺģɫľҺлεȥӨ͸ڼһ磬ϻƵĻȤȻǴʦϵĵյ¯Сɱ£̽ʡ
һ͸¶ž뻪

нƣܰ
˼ƣڰתһȦڷڻĺȻһž޴ޱȵĴ

ⴲĳߴһ¡
ôĴɺüˡ

ͷһɫСӣ򿪿˿Ȼ󵭶غˡ

㡭ĶϹ˹ۡ
е˵ˣȻ졢¡ǵεҵĶĸӦҲ뿴

ǵƳϢЦ㲻ǻڵ㲻ǻ˺ööͱסˣ
Ҿûʶôˣ߳ŭĶ˭ʶȻתˣɵʶԱù

ûùûҪüɫС±ߵĳ룬ʱɫڵƿƿ޹ӳ
Ŷҩһƿ³ɷ֣ĵĸ˻Ҫҩá

žİѳϣƹԭλãԹԵغȾơ

ץ֪ԼΪʲôҪô
Ƿ꣬ġ

ȵúܣۣŲ֪ĽСƷơ

Ƭ̣ĽƱߵˡ

ͷҲصش

֨ѽ֨ѽϣỺĽŲӽˣϵĦڶߡ
һ߹£˫ϸ޳סƺ

ūΪ˵ơԽ˵ɤ

ɤɤĶ졣

Ťͷ̧һľƸ

Ľ˺Ȼŭ

ħˣūҡĽɬϲū𣿡

⡭˵ϲ
Ľǳɫ·ûжĻƺװΣͷ򵥵һöš
ؼ·ǳģúܿ·Ŀһֱ쵽¸¶˴Ƭź߹ǣĽĲֲ̬ݣؿڶм
ĽĴӺܺõعճľݵеΡ
ط˵Ҫò꣬ݵм⣬͸űġġ

Ц˳ƺ͸űζСĽˡʲô綼ܺÿȻÿ
ħϲͺáĽд˿˿컣ħϲʲô¾ܱʲôħҪģҲ

ǸĽȻʲôūǰԳơ¡ϰˣով˸Ŀڡ
ƺѣҡξƱҲںԳʲô
𣿡Ľһ㶣¡ūΪħ˺ϲūҡԳơ
ԭΪϲԳƸˣµΪʲôΪ

ǰô˳谮ԨԳƵġĽ촽˶ҡΪ
СĽСĽԨԨЦе֪ҿģûҪѧСĽеģԨûС

ĽˣħܸܲңʲôжԨûеģ
СĽ𣬱Ԩˡ΢ЦԨ̫䵭СĽͺܺá
ħˡĽ˶ҪڻˣҶˣħˡ

ļĳħָĽ˵ıʣ㶮ʲô㵹˵˵㵽״Ļﶮʲôˣ
һ˼ֱӽѹħˡ
ˣſ죬ȴɴĸ֪ˣľҲ˵
Žһʶ㬱죬ûʶûŮˣ

ˣɫˡ

Ľü˳۵ظƣֳ°ͣȤʣԨ
ǰĽҧʮ֮һħ֪߱ˣҲ̫࣬Ҳħռһϯ֮أֻ롭ֻõط̴ˡ
˵ˣԨһûҪȡЦˣԨǱ׸ҵг裬гĻɫҡֺҡСĽͲͬˣܸɣҰħþҿصģ
ɫԱѱЦŵѰ£ҵڶСĽ𣿡

ĽܸоԼھҵײǻ
ħ˵СĽͰħ˵Ļˡ˲ڹⰲοҺҿİɣ
ûаο˵ϰߣҲûк˿ĵϰߡСĽǰ˵ʵġ

ĽȼԨ
ԨռгλãĻԹޣ㹻ˣԨȴʶô

ڣĽеļɢ
΢ؾԼӮˣˣλ޿ȡһ޶ġ
ϲõģռĿǵõϿɣϿһвмֵ塣

ֻһ㡣
˵ˣΪԨΪɫ

ĽҲɫ




39.     ʾ

Ľ͵ɫ
ȶ˾, Ȼϲ̬˿Ȼ鲻ºܸߣĽԼ, ʾһ¡
Ϊ̬ϣ

ħ˵¥ͷҪƵٳ紷ů𣿡ĽЦ
һھƣе, ˹ưˡ
ħģСĽơĽ, , ˫ÿĦ

Ĵͷ, ŵúܵͣƵٳ紷ȣҶԡůҲԡ¥ͷģҶ, ԨģҲֻҪħ롣

šżͷ᲻صİĦַѧģ
ΪħѧġĽ˵ʱȵϢĲ䣬Ū΢е, Ͱ쵽Ӻ¡
һ, 浽Ľֱֻֽһ, Ĵһ, һƬ

Ķ̫̫, ǰĽûкܵĻᣬᶼԨġ
ĽֹһοԨ, кü㱨뿿ڱû࣬ĵ˵, ԨԱߵü˳۵ظ硣
мΣȥɹ̫¶̨Ԩͱٸӣҡϻ˯ɢ䣬ϡˣ˸èһչˣչ¶õ

Ľʮԣնɱ˿Ŀ˵ģҲģνʱȻ˽Ҳɢһ档ǧ㣬Ľӡ
˼ԨԨôʱܿƾʲôƾһźÿòΪԨƺûǸ˼
ĽͶǰλŮħͷгãħǹԡĽͶ룬Ҫһָ˳ˮ۵شҲͦá
ȰȣʼûȵָǷİʾûС
Ľ֪뵽еĺе㲻һ

ûϵûָ
͵ߵˣܲ᲻ҪɣԨûô

СĽеգҪˣڡ
˵ţĽֱ

ҺĽ־ǿſסԼûʧ̬СĵؿƺƵʣٶ˿ûм

˲ԸҰĦĽʡ
ǲԸ⣬ǲϲñ󡣡סĽ֣ǣԼǰ
Ľ˳ӵ˼ǰλáഥһһ£ɿ֡
ĴʧˣĽȻʧԾضֿ
ָֻ֬ϸ𪣬ָ޼ԲԲġ

ֻ̬ضƱƱ͵Ĵߡ
걭֮ƣ˸ָָȣ΢΢һЦСĽԸҴ𣿡
Ը⡣Ľ̫壬̫ˡ
ƲסԼˣͷȥе

ǲæĦǲ
Ľ֪ΪλʿƵϰߣΪʱʶ޷̽鵽ͳ㣬εڱվܹ˲ġ
ϰߣԲϲ档

ĽΪĦȻܣܾòڣĽƵǰ͸оȻˡ

ĽΪԼѾ˴һ֮ǰûн̷ĻᣬϰǺġ

ĽСĵػסĽ󣬰ƣ÷㶯
ǳȹڵϣᱡˮĳ͸˫޳
ĽȣʵʵذȣκγĶòڴȵʱֻͣСȴϵĴȺ͡Ͳˡ
Ҳḡ˼ƣûȷɣܹߡ

ĽϸϸذĦȣתС˼
ǳ̧ͷʲô顭̧ͷˡ

ӣ°ͣɫ䴹¶һذ׵û۵ֱۣ󴦻εĵӨ
ӣµؿ

ħˡĽóס
һֱ̲סʱһСһ񣬱

شΪСĽո˵󵨣ΪӦҲܴ󵨲Ŷԣû뵽ؾصģ⡭
ˡĽεؿ
ͷ΢ȣİʾˡ˵ˣʾѾʾôף
Ľǣˡ

װɵĽʧһʱȻġ
ˣǲ֤Ҳ롭

СĽҲԱúܴ󵨡ֻҪħ롣Ľҵֱ۾ħСĽ𣿡
û취СĽüģе㷳ա

һħģĽϸĹ⣬һǵһΣصȥѧ˺ܶ࣬һ̷ô˵ġ
ͻȻȦħңЪ˼֪Ϊľǰħ˴ߵķҶ˲е룬Ҷħжôҡҡ޷ơ
ĽĻд˵繡
ħ˽ӲңҶԶҳбģ𡣡ɫڵħ˽ңұú÷̴ˣ˲ܣҲȻҾ˽Ķе뷨

Ľԣ
˼ѻ˵ƭˣԲҷǵޡħޡޡޣֻҪģԱӡ֤ģΥҪӦĴۡ

˼˴ǰ㣬ưĽ࣬档
ظһ顣ҲĽ۾Ҫ

Ľͣ٣ŽߵգҪֹͣ˼ˡ

죬ɤƵĽģԶκģ𣬲ֻء

̫ˣСĽЦ⡣
Цø⳩죬˺ܾãƽϢϵЦ⡣
׷ˡ

Ӳʵ뷨¶ʵһֱһǡ⻯ΪǿǺȻѣشҪ⻯ħ༸ʱᱳ̵ġ
ϷɺĽԼʧϢΪǣΰṩÿһ鱨ϸС֤
һʼµһˣҲСʱҲҪ˱ϢʱΪ˱Ϣӣѡʵǵߴ
֪ҪȥһǶôҪϷɺĽĹҲԷٷְٵΡ
һ²⣬²⣬ǰܷ֮ĵԼΪ˺֡

ΪкִڣܷĵˡϾĺ֣һͷðѣûĽ֡
ֻǰʧ䣬жû֡ʲô֡

ʱ˿̣֪ˡ
ĽԣħġǱԣġ
Ľ˵һԣžƭĿܡ

㣬ҵĺЦӯӯظĽա
ָ˳»»ͣ°ʹ
Ľ۽ëϸ΢زţҲķӦ߾סԼʧ̬

ҶСĽˣ΢ЦϧұħȻСĽĵһΣҾҪеʽУұ١
Ľˣ⸡ֳһ˿ˮβȫƾħ

ЦԭλͷЦСĽʲôգ
ӡݡĽ˻ش
ˡ첻СĽǰҰĦɡָָ̧ԶߵŲŲȥ档
ǡĽҲˡ

ȻǱĽûʵ붯
ҡĽСʣħܲҹȥ񡭡ʱ

ü
ĽĬĬ֡

ǵٴνһĴĽоԼֿڻˡ
˳ӵءɵءŲ档




40.     Դ׵ľ

뿪¥, Ȼоߺ˵ʲô
˼ͣڽֵ˼Ƭ̣Ȼ뵽̫ʱû߶߶ˡ
ǰ˵, ж˰ϵ, ˵ˣһʱ侹е㲻Ӧ

سΡ
ϵ½һ˲, £Ȼ˵㡭
˵μ˻ȥ, ٴ徲ˡ

Ƶ˳ٷǵɵ, ߱·Ȥĵ̾ͽȥȦ
һ·˲Ӱ˵Ķ, ޵ѪҺ򲻳ҩʽӱȹ
Ľ͵·滹̻󷨣һͼֵƣϽ־һʯҡУЩͨķ»Ŵ

Լаʱ, ˡ
ʱŷſ˶԰

ػ, սͱסû˵޷ŽеⶼҪĽ
Ľͺ޵

Ľô¶ˣ̲סһ䡣
룬ĽǸпõ廨ͷɣżʱѵҪҩܳ־ã
Ҳ뿪̫, µȻҪȥƽ
, ̫ƽ, ƽðˡ¥Ϊ˰²ΪСġĴ£¥ĿľΪòĻ, С˳ģҲʱ⡣

Ļõˣʡ
õˡ
Ľˣʡ
ûߣڷ¥ء
ôߣһӰ, Ľǰơ
ƽʲôʱôĽˣ

Ĭ
ĽĪǵ¥Сĵˣ뾭Ĵɣ
⣬Լ࣬ĽôƤҪǱץסᣬһʹһֶβᡣ

ڵ·ϣ˲٣˲߶ˣħﵱ͸ˡ
˵ĸӣʱʱĽǼ˳·龰ꡣ

ֱڻصסԺ䣬ҲûԼƽ
ܲ侲侲״̬ɢǣ̣վ̲סǾ仰˵˳

ΪĽұ졣߷ߵҶ˵ʲôһ𣿡
Ļһ٣ڷ
Ȼأŭ
Լ˵ģҡ¡ʱˣΪ㲻뿴ⲻ˵ĴʣԭΪηжĸӦ
⡭ƺ˵仰
ŭȻֹй˸ɾȴǲĽ˾Ǹһ𲻾𣿡
ʲôֵģһ˾ϣڶû˼Ȼصҵʱ¡

ֳǰƺг裬æû໨˼Ԩħյġ

㡭ƿԡ
Се㲻밽У鲻Խضһ»壬סˣӶС
Ҫ¥ͷƣûôܣΪʲôĽͲˣЦƢġ

ΪΪ¥ͷҲͼʣ˾ˣ֪ŮúܡĽһ̫ģͲһֻˡ

ˡ
ȨΪҲȨĽ£ֻǡﲻ
ճΪʱ򣬰ԣӦغķͽ޹ûķϣҲ˲𷴿ͷˣԼλãԼĵλ
Ĵڶ˵ûôҪȴ
ǽʵһ£ʵͬʱʹ̬ƽȾһˡʵȻܺܺõؿסԼ

üϾˣĿ顣

ʱÿ´һǧš
򿪵Ŷˣ˾顣źļǹճ䣬ôܼ䲻ɶôĳźļǹݺħսշϹޡʿսļ䣬Щһĳ
ЩľźܴӰ죬ԽҪĳԽ󡣼䲻ҪĳͱȽС
ڽܼһЩʱٿһšܵļûɶûͱܽſµš

ʱ䣬ʱÿһǧˡ

վռھĬܾãû̿š

عǣʵûио״̬Ĳͬ

̸»ǻӦˣʲôͬ

ҺɻЩԭҵģΪʲôȡؼ仹Ҫܵ˼ҵӴ󣬸ҵĸоȴͬӤ㣬һŰֽŰֽԭӦдļ䣬ǰֽϵļ䱻ˡ
Ծ𣿡
ϸ֪Ƭ̡
ϵǽ֮ϵģ˵ǳܲ仯ˡ

ûи֪겻ԾҪвԾڻصߵĵһʱӦ֪ˡõ겻û˥ӼˣΪɽٱ֮괴˲ô׻ָ
ϵƲϵܱȵģǰ߸Ըԭ
ʱȷʵ˼ĴˣѣҲǣ״̬ôܸ֪ġüͷȥȫָˣһħֵطʲôָƣĵظṩ˵ĵҩɣ
ʧ£һֱΪʧ괴ˣĿġ

ǽͲΪʲôȡԼļ仹Ҫôѡ񡭡ЩҴδӵйһ
طָĴˣѵػطĸʧȥ䣿²⣬㵱Ϊ˶ɽ׼˲ٺ֣ռһѣ㷭Ķ˵ҵЩ˿

鼮̫ˣÿն¹ȥֻ֮һ

Ĳ²ⲻ޵

ˮܴţɺʧָۣ֮ˮӯ
ȻԭȵĺˮѾʧˣļҲźˮһͬˣĺ֮ˮעģעĺˮûаʧȥļ䡣
ҪյĹļˮ޴עƽĺеȻἤˣ֮ɳ

ˣĿǰЩû塣һȫļ䣬һбӭжˡ֮Ǵӳħ鱨
ûͬ

תʣҪС´ɷ䷢ʱԼȥˣûԻļƻʧ𣿡
ģ´ο϶ȻҪҡг񣬡ΪħĸԴΪħ־ʱҪŵȹɷ䡣

ˣ˵ɷ䷢ʱܸоҲǺõġ
飬´ɻִŵѰӰ

飬ǧš
ԥסŰŶ롣

أʷӿʱڸסߡ

ɢڼþпֳ

߰ɣС֣ЦǸˡ




41.  С   Ҫʲô

̧̣, Ҫǰô𣿡

ʱŰɫڵӷΣҲǺɫħһͨ׵ĳ

·;ңԶ, ټǰȥδ̫ȥԵ񡣡ֳ, СԸȥǱʦŷһ̡
, һǸʦһɡƲ, Ҳ˼, ȥһܶ档

ڵشݣڵشݣԶݵδʮһȵʢ, ʿô˻
ΪδĶݸͷʿȥ
δᣬֳ֮С

ݺĵطܶ࣬ʱʦȥֳںС
ʦȥ׼δ°ɣһ˹Сܾˡ
ֳһ, εСԽԸʦ׽, ǰǾңҴȥȥĶɽˮ
ǰʦΪΪ, ϹһСľͻᶪСʦ, ҲŸȥյǼʶ, ûʦҿȥһɽûˡ, ҶԪӤˣȥʲôطԼȥ

ɳ̫졣ֳȻʧʦûӦ, ɳ̶ֳˡ
ҳɳÿ죬㲻𣿡ؿ
ʦܿġֳʦֻǡͣһ˲ЦЦֻǾΪ̫ܵ»

еزֳԭ˵Ŀܲ
δ

Ǽȥ𣿡תǳɡ
áֳº͵

ݷȶݷˡ
ɽɭڶ࣬޺Уյؼ࣬һƬƽԭ
һݣݻе˽ģΪݲ̾ȻһǼҵ̡
ҲңǶҵĹģʵԶԶȲݡݵϵܣ˵ɵġ
ͬһɣӵܵռȼС෴

ֳִݺֳæźڸ߲Ǣһγǽͷתơ

ֳݣ˵Ӧ
հʦڣʮֺ棬ֳȥ˼ĵطֳӦˡ
ȥɽʶϧҩȥɽʶޣȥԶȡ篡ǰ꣬һһ߸ֳڸ֣ŵʱ١
ֳ֮ҪչͻƣŴڣΪչˡ

δڶûصҹˣΪֳΨһͽܡڵĴ֮һҲҪϯᡣ

˵ڴʿδѵõʢᣬһûС
ҲһЩöһЩֲҪ˽ġ

գÿ϶һʿڵϣһڴܽ
վֳԱߣ£ʵ˯Щʿþãʹˣһһ£ǽ˵Ū飬߶߶˵ص㡣

Ƿ
Сֳɫشɱ˯ˡ
վֱһЩģʦġ
Ҳ㶪ֳЦãòͷҲҪֳٹһͽˡ
ðɡĿĵԱߵıתԼע

ţǸʿúϣƤƤʱûŪŶյԳ𣿰ǸʿüëôôֱͷһˣġǱߵĴ壬Ʋ롭
˰죬ʦòÿ£ȱȱջߣĵŵͷ

һǧ˰ٶʮһͷʱһλʿڿʼˡ

ƕǣ̫ϳϡһֹͣͷˡ
ȥһŮӵ˶ڱ֮ϡ

ƕǡʦ֡
ǣ̫ϳϣһǧˣǵ֮ףƼҡֳλ֮ߣ󼰡
ƼңˣǸѪϾң
ƼҲлԻ͵ʱȻƕ֧ţǼ˶ʵ̫٣񣬽ʣǼˡֳƼϹʱڱڵ壬Ǽвأúܶ죬в֮ͽרŽɱǼĺˣҲƼ˶ϡٵԭ֮һ

ʲôò֮ͽƶ᣿Ȥ
ƼϹʱʿֳˣдԣƼŷܡ

ֲãҲֻϢ˼ˡ˼ң˵Ҳôɣĸʿأ
⻰Ҹǰ˵˵ҲͰˣĪҪڱǰ𡣡ֳ鲻Ƽ˶ˣƕȴǸǵģʦҲҪɵ֡

ֳһۣʦ˵ڻʿʵһġ׵ƕǣֻǼɵֶѣ
ֳЦˣ龫̽ң
̽ʦҲֱ̽ˣʦش𲻻شǡ

ʱ򡣡ֳݵʵǿһ㣬ʦٶ͡
ʦ⡣ޱ顣
ֳĿЦˣƢˣ
û

ƕʱûͷβл

˽㲻ƕǽˣֳ
ϾףĳЩͦеġƕǵشͦÿŮӵᡭҵ
ǵˡֳŹֵڵ̫ϳϵòҪҶˡ
ֻʦǰ˵Ҳɵڵǰ̸ǵ̫ϳϡ

ֳ̲סƵЦ⺢ӡ

ʦ𣬡˼ҵʱ˵ֻҪʵǿŮӿг׶˷顣
ô˵ֳЦҼǵʱ˵ǵŮʣ˳۵Сڹ
ûͷ
ڿпеСֳȤʣ𵤣ϾͻԪӤѾʵ˵ʱһЩ¶سе˵ķ顣

ԭûпеСˡĿŲԶƕǵϡ
ֳ㵵˳Ŀȥɫһʱ쳣ʡ
ƕǣС𣿡
˵ģʦ𡣡ǿʲô±˶ҷΪسеκκΪõõһС

ܺáֳܺá

΢Цעϸֳһ˿ײĹܡ

ЦҪʲôԡС



þٴαˡ

Ӿʱļѹ۾͸ӵĴڿԺ⡣
˿̻ƻ߾ٺɫĹԡ

˸
ƕ֪𣿡ƕǣ˭𣿡
ˡ˫۵ûʿʱƕ֡ڵʿ㺰ɱģ˵ƕʦɱģҪȻƨ

ֳɱƕǣ΢Ԩƕʲôϵͬ𣿡
ͬ壿ˡ
Ҳ֪˼Ƭ̣Ӧþͬ壬ƣûô񣬾Ԩ֪ô䵽ħ¥ҲƕǱʦɱ˺Ƽ˱ӻ
񣿡ˡ

Ī磬òiƣе㲻ͬϧ֪ҵΪʲôԨгˡԭ




42.  ճ   ʦ

ڵչȥ, »ָæµѧûʱ䣬ϼӽ
, ¶Ϊϰ㡣
Ϊﵽʿ֮;ǳž, ۻΪͲȥѧˡ
һЩѧװһʲôͦѶ, ҪӦߴߴСǸѶ, ΪΪ˽·, ҲһԭΪѧá

ϲʦɿˡʦϲӽ㲻ȥѧ, ֻÿȥһ˵ʦǴڵ
Ҫлʦҡ

װԼڷܺѧڿʣö֮˺ӡϵ׽
Ǳͽܣħϸ, ĳЩ±Գ, ҲչԾ濴
ΪΪͽ, ǰԼ, ʱ̵
ȻҪ̡

ѾܽȡһЩͼ, 񲻵Իóͣһʶѵ, ʦÿȥִµѡȡһЩ򵥵֡
˳ƵҪʲôˣȥҩ԰ѧһѧֲҩ
, ҩ԰Ǹȥҩ԰һ֣㲻һܽӵգ۾ִµֵҵˣȥҵ֣ˡ
ллʦ㡣һ㶼顣
ȥɡʦʸߣ㣬һΪġ

˾ٲձҲںԵ
֮ѡҩ԰ΪֳתСưҩ԰

ȥִµȻԸõҩ԰
鿴õֵдһ£ʮöʯ
ںͣӴСư͡

ڵҩ԰ķߡ
ڵǸз羰ģӶ츳óֲֲɽ±滨ݣתͬĻҲֻš

ҩ԰ʱ磬̫ڿУȡ
ȡƴ򿪽̤ҩ԰ȥ˹ﱨ֡

ԭǽµӡֹ¿ֲ𣿡
ֻڿʦʦŪҩ㲻϶
Ŷֹ̬Ȳ䲻ȣȻҩ԰ҩݲҪҶвľͶʣЩҩúܣҪܷġ
ǣס
ֹ°ͣƽæŵǼ۵ӣǵʺΪǵЩŪҩⷽо飬ǡߵĲҩӱȥֻùܶߵĵͽҩͺá

ֹϸϸµҩ԰עš
֣ЩȷʵҪһ
ֹ½뿪ˣҩ԰ռСҪϵط

ҩ԰УĿʶѰϤӰ
ûʱҵҵˡ

Сưӿȣͷڵݡϸݵӣ·Ҳġ
վĬĬͷ󺹵ظɻ

Сưͳ˲ݣֱ˰Ѻ
ҪطɣżȻ̧ͷ⧲ؿΧѾõ
Сư鲻Խغһ£һ

ݸһЦԲŵˡ
ָһμСư͵£ʱҲסˡ
ʦҩ԰ײСưͣûкͶԷ˵

СưмӡӣæֱԼԵøɾһ㡣

üˣһ֪ʲô֡ʡ
Сưͳһд֡С

һ㶣ֳС롰Ҳͦƥ䡣

أʡ

Сдա

գǶǹ¶
ֳתûǰļ䣬С֪ԼиСֳȷС᲻ָ䡢ʱָ䡣

Сͷдʦʲô

ʦ㡱ƺɫŹ֣תʦʦ㡭̫ˡ

裬衣˶٣˵˼ġг֮⡣
С¶΢СЦݡ
ҽҩ԰֮һ¶Ҫˡҩ԰ôˣӦҩ֪ʶɣֲҩ˵㣬ֹ½Щоĵѧѧ
Сԥؿָڵһһдʦ㣬пڼ»ᵢ㣬ҩ԰ﻹкü곤۵ӣȥǡ
仰̫Сд˺ð졣д̧꣬ͷдֵȵòͷҲܾ

Ҫϸµؽ⣬ֲҩÿһ趼дԺãһ۱֪ҩֻ࣬ʵ

áӦˣвȥǡ
Ӧһ£һ£СͼӦˡ

С˿ֶЦһ¡
Ա⣬Ǿ΢Ц

ˣСüۼŵİģֱӦñȽС
ʮġСд˸֡
С˿ꡣ˼㿴űʵСһ㡣
СɬЦţûдֽ͡
СʱԲԳСϵܣûҪ˵Щ

СѰֳӰӡܿ췢ֳôСֳתҲûȥ
òܴԸҲǡۿĽɫ˵벻ӵͬһꡣ

СӵվָָԼ·Ȼָָɾ·
붮˵ҴŪ·
Сû뵽ô˼Ҫдء
޷һΆ˸Сϵӡʱ˸ɾȵصͷ˿·ͷмؿ

СΪ̫ͣἸûüѧ

ƺ˺ܾõĻˣԷ𣿡
Сҡͷӱ㴫ĽȻɫ죬ͷȥı顣
޷ٹȣȻҪԷġ
Цɫˡ

ȥԷɣСƽסЦ⣬Ա˲
С˵ͷǰŤͷѯʵؿ
ٴ붮ҳԹ緹ˡ
Сָϣǡ
ΪߣȲʲôȻתתϲҩЩʱ֡

ÿζ˼
֪ΪΣСȻӿΪʳ﷢ڵײ㣬һ꣬ΪȻͣͲǰ۵غư͡û˿Ϻúý֡
ڵһμʱСͼסˡ
棬Сڰעò츳ߣʽӣΪǵ

СκߵҩԱϣ׼ȥԷ
߳ҩ԰ʱ͵͵ͷٿһ

һͷĹͻȻǰһƬѣΣͷؽԵڵء



æȥС̽ʲô¡

ð˳զˣ
ջ֣ûʲôεˡ

̾СŲ£ȥߴˮ¡

ˣһﵽж
ǳʦⱲӿԵˡˣҪΪ޴͵ŰɣҲʲô¶




43.  ٰʦ   ״̬᧿Σ

С, һۿ̵ڡ
ԴȻΣܸоͷϴ⣬Ĳʸл˲١

εˡȻأСٶ۵, ˰Ų£

𣿡Ա˵
С˲ˣ̧, ţ, ϥ, ˫°͡
ɻ˾ЪһЪ, ҿҩ԰ֹ²ǲͨˣαذԼôࡣ岻ͲҪҶ, Ϣɡ
СزҶˣض˶촽˵ʲô
״֣˵Ļд

ܵ΢ĴУСĪ, Դˡ
д֣лл
, 
С¶ѣصл

С̧ͷ, һ, ͸˱Ȫˮ, ǳζڵϻһָ, ȷźܶˡ

һϢһ̽ŷСĲ
, ʶ࣬ЩطľȻͨû취γһɵĴѭѹΪô嶼СԸˡ
Ȼüͷ̽С壬Ȼ˸⡣
СǸưͣЩ⣬ĲмҩģлͻԪӤ
ʿͻԪӤʱһ̥ܶ֫ĻᣬСͻԪӤһԼ˵
ʵСͷɫء
֪СԴһٿ飬εסͨ·ߣѪδγɵ׿飬˵Сͷܹˣ˸˲С

̫ˣ
鸴ӵس
ȻأǻһЩ֮ģֻҪħͨСľٻͷ׿飬ٶȱ١

ϵǱģ˾Ҫٲ䣬ħϢԴԴϣħӵӦ֡ҪѰСŪ߰һˡ
Ҫ𶯲εڿһʵ

ֻ·ɣӻʦ

ɢɢļԺһ
ˡ
ɱֳʱ˵仰

ֻ·Ȼ̳ɣֳ˳תʦͽ˶תתصڣٶǰֳΪͽתٶĽ鷴˹ֳת֮

С֪ʱ˯ˣֹסˣԭȵͨɫҲúÿࡣ
չüͷΡ

һߵҩǰγһֻʮϸĺ⣬ȥĽľ׼½ɱӲݵû˼ݡ
СķѰʱβݣȴֻ˶̶һϢ

²ۣɱ˵ĽУȴݡ
ôþôãõĽвǺýСս
ôѻˡֹ
ԼˣҪչˡ

˼ܰСӵߣֻҩ԰̫ˡΪŵӻʦʸסĶ۵ӵķ̡
ʦȲˣҪž͵õΪﵽ
֮⣬ǾǳΪĳϵ״ӡһΪ״ӣڵݱȻͬˣӵжĶ۵չˣҲӲ٣˵ʦ̵

ҩԾͷСϴ˽Ų۵߹
һ̶ɫʦá
۵Ӻŵڵĵλ֮ǻ£ʽӶǰ£һ۾ֱܷó

ʶ𣿡˯еС
ưͣΪһ˾ȵǡ
۹εˣܰס𣿡Ҳ֪ס
˵˵۵Ӿסҩ԰С÷ҩСưͺסһ
ƮƮؿһۣû߹ǣֽС𣿡
⡭۵ǺȻɫǺ죬֧֧ġ

ˣ͵ݵĻˣǰæסͺá
ǣʦ㡣۵Ƿ׷ǰСߡ

ǴСԶ

ֹ˵ߵҩ԰˲ҪٽһˮӲݳˣʣ½ˮ
÷ˮľˮӾӿҩԸ
ҩ԰ǸʲԽ٣ֲڶ࣬Ԫرԣнµҩ㣬кô

ҩо˺ܾõҩֱ䣬ŷס

һݣϵ˱

Ӻ󣬱ϢؽԺӡ

Ҫ𣿡˳
ǣǴҪԭ򡣡Ƭ̣Ҽ£ҳΪ״ӡ
ˣԾ򲻸˵ʦ𣡡
Ӷѣаʦ񣬶˵Ϊ˵͵ٰʦ񡣡ݸЩҲ÷£ŵӵкܶ°鷳״ӵݰ·㡣
ȻԼĿǣǱü˳۵գ߸ͽ֮¡
ʦ½裬ʲôĨӣֻҪܴĿģһжС£ʦͽ֮Ҳֻ

ߣһƧĶסԸ
ǣȥšɫʵǷҪ۵ӷ̣ҪŰż𣿡
أҩ԰иСưͣСˡ

ȡöǴϴռĵ伮ڶ೤ϵıѧ͵飬ӡˡ
òùװָС
ҪҸʱ䳢Ϊ׼еĹڵ鼮

˳ȡ
ҪԺĽƺȻĶ

һۡ
ûرܣ󷽷ġƽ
ǣˡɫ糣ջ֡
ΪϸܻαװαװҲᰲȻǱôˡ

򿪽ƣ񽹼ؿ첽
һۿ˱˶٣
ʱͽΪ˺£
ͽһ㶣漴ȻʦΪͽ𣿹ϲʦλ״֮Сŵʦδü׼񡭡ΪˡǼ¡
ɻʦ˵
ҳʦɷħٴͬˣȵʦܷһȥȰʦ壿
䳤ô£ǵķΪʲôˣɣӦ¸²š
֪֮һ֮ǰΪΡ

һ
ĲƺԽԽˣص޷ƣħɷҲڼ߻༤ó״᧿Σ

²˳٣ʦֿȥɡе
ȵһͬǰʦʧʱСŪԼҪҽΣӸոҪȥ
΢Цá






44.     

ȥ˵, ûгȵķɽǱš
һͳȻǴɽ塣

ʦ, 䳤ϵɷûϣ𣿡ǵʣ̫ʹˡ
Ǵ̥ľɼ, ޽⡣̾Ϣмֺıҩ滺ʱʹ, α겻α
ʲôҩóϵʹһЩҲǺõġ, һ, ҲѰЩ𣿡

ӿڵҩܶԳϵĲ棬ѪѪҩʿ˵Ǵ֮, ȻѾֻʣһЩϡѪޡ䳤ϵĲҪѪͬεıҩܻ⡣
Ѫ뵽ڰȡѪʱΪ˳䡣
˵öԡȵʦǾ, Ժ˵Ҫ㰲ʦħ, Щ֪ͺã⴫
ʦַ, ֪ء֤

Ц, ֮, ޴Ѫ壬ĶǻѪ֡

￴, Ϲʱڴ䣬طͨϾҲû

ôڵģ
޸ĸ, ƿǶʱںɳȫƾѪ䴫кԼһŵʱ򣬴δκһѪ塣ɽͼӡҲҲͬһ֧ģ֧ͳ

ô˵ɷԻˡ
ڣҵѪԶѹɷ䡣ǳΪԽߣɷԽǿҪ볹ѹɷ䣬ҪñΪߵľѪҶڴ˽ɽٶɲˣʿΪǻھҲҲһͷɽڵȡѪ
Ϊа취ƽɷģϸ˼ɷǳ̥ʱħγɵģҲ˵ɷıʵһ̵ħħ壬ҳ޷ƿħʱʱΪħƿħɷӭж⡣

Ťǣһ취ôܷγħ
ǲΡ뵽ѵھ벻뵽ˣԸɷ䷢ʱҲԸħ

ħҲܻħƲħʵǡ
ħѲʹҲͦáĵ˵𣿡
񡭡еĵ

ɰԸ޾ʹĥҲԸ伹Υ߹͵
ǸŮûʲôɽԼĵ

ܿ˵ء
ȻǻƧɽĶѨ

ȴͱ룬ֵɷ֮ز⴦Ѩĺϴθء

ߵͷɫڶѨϸŵıɫɷпһ޵ĺ⣬ԵħɷħȻصزˡ

ƣüģתˡ
üͷϴŲײɫ

֮ǰ赡ԨڶѨڣνһˡ
һ˼ԭί˵˳ͻƵĹؼʱ̣ϴγ䷢˳赣ݳغһֻȥչˡԨ佫ԨΪУǶ̼䣬ʱˡ

ţûε
ɫȾѪɫĮȻϥڵϣսʣشϥϡ
ѪҺ˳ָһһε䣬䵽ϱʢѪıиѪϡ

ôԼ⸱Եģૡ
˭֪ءɫصܲ˵ģӦԼŪġ

ʦܣҪˡ촽΢

ĮȻڻЩתͷε򶴿ڡ
ԸԳؿѰѾõӰϲ֣һӷˡ
ʦ㣬ˡЦһ㺢

ҪȴæҡͷҪ̫ߺ̫ˡ

嫴εķʱܻñȽϳסҪ񡣻ϴһ˵˵ȶ˳˼Ҫ̼
΢΢ͷ

ʦܣô£ĵ
ˡؾȻѪ֣յǰֱ㶵ؿţô˵ˡ
߽㱵Ϊʲôˣ

俴һ˵֣ȻͷѪҺѪ䵽ǺϣΪ԰׵ļȾɫʡ

ˡ̧ͷǲѪ̫ʹˡʹ뿳Լֱۡûɹʦֲҿ

ŸеëȻ
вɣŵˣ
ĸħûģǳ񲡵øص㡣

ʹ˸ɫ͵Ӧʦ㣬ԺҪ˺Լˣ𣿡
áӦʮʹ졣
ӦκҪ󶼺ʹ죬ԥġ

ȻȻתͷ嫺ͱȡ
ǳȥǿƵҲǳȥ
ʦܣñһ¡嫻ҪȰʱ׺ˡ
Ϊûпĸʦ㴫ˣɫ˵ʲôΪʲôҲҧ㲻ôҺʦ̸Ҳ
ɨһ۱ͳȣҲʶǣǹ


ûɷ֮ǣ԰׵ħԽԽԡ

嫳ϡȥɡСٴ̼ˣҲµġ
ؿһöƣ˳ȥһξ룬ΣһϴķԵֵһ
ǡ
עⰲȫ
ʦСġҲ

뿪Ѩ

䶨ضƬ̣ȻĪЦЦ͵͵ģǿơ
ΪʲôҪЦɻʡ
ʦûƭңʦҲûƭҡЦŵʦߣΪʦֻңԼʦ㸰ԼˡҸովٽԲеʱʦȰң˵ʦ㿴ۣ˵ʦһҡҾͣˡ
۽΢죬Ҳʦѹҡʦҡ

޶е졣
ҪĿԼֱۣʦͻ𣿡͵ôģҶޣҲСʱһֻп᲻ôҵֱۿ𣿡

ס顣
еЦ
Сֵָܻȡ˵ĹעǸСӣǸˣΪ˲ȡĹעϧ˺Լ

ôҲ㶼ϧԼˣΪʲôҪñ˰ϧ㣿ֱ۾ͱˣҲϲȱ
ǡԺˡ䱣֤һúñԼ壬ȱ󡣡

úñ壬ȱ
ҭ
⻰զôΪأ




45.     

ߡ

ʦ㣿ãȻ
ص, ɷ֮˲ҡ䲢ſұţмһɫˡ
֮ڣ֮⡣

ⶴѨЩ֮, ƽΧλɽ, ĲƳɵģ滹̻ŵɫķġ
, ıɫɷ֮, ¶ɫ, ϸϸ֪Ƭ̣Ĳеħ
ħʱǷħסħ, ѹסʵ

ǷƷɫһųǷħķƷϿ̻ĳЩĺͷħķͨģͬѹħá
ЧԶԶħҲЩŵ

ϴ嫡Ԩͳ赶ţûչ۲ⷽ, νӴ, ŷ֮
԰ʶ͸֮ڣʧˡֳ԰ʶ쵽Ѩ֮, ͬʧܡ
ͶѨڵĽиʶѹʶĹЧ

΢
ⲻ˵嫵ʶҲ˵˶Ѩ, ʶû취, Ѩڷʲôһ֪
ƾǿӴʶ˭ڱעҲܲ˭ʶ
оûʶ, ġ

ʦܡ˵ļ϶ֵ˽ȥ
ؿ޳֣һʱûж
̧һٵͷһ, ƺ˺һ裬Сذָ
ַȥǰڸɾ°ϲĵѪѪҺմϡ

ʦ㣿ɵġ
΢Ц
ˣͻʦʵҲʦ̸
𣿡Իʡ
ҹܵϣҲ¶šЩ뵥ʦ˵뱻յɷ仹𣿡
ۡʦңҾͺöˡ䷴ֿסָָ֣죬ʮָա
ૣʦֺů

̫ˣʱ³ɫͷüëı˪һż
ϵɷ֮ȿֺ꣬ɷ֮һ壬ħĽӭȥɷ֮ȫ飬ûܵӰ졣

ýЩͷбϣȥļƵġ

طͷϵı˪ʣûﲻͬ𣿡
ˡصʦΪˣòСˣԴʦֵֵֹ̬ġոΪʲôʦ֡嫳ϡΪʲôʦˣһԪӤŮ޺ڵС˭

Ц

ȥ㣬ΪԳơ֪ʦǹʱѲǹ˰

һԭ䲻Ƕ쳣֮Щ쳣ֻû˵Ҳûбֳӡ
Ҳ磬Ҳãڰΰǲ״̬ĳЩʱֱ̣治ʵڹĻУܵ˲Ծȴܾȥ
ڷԼԼĻ״̬

㲻ɻ𣿡㲻ѯԵ𣿡
롣ֻҪʦߣʲôȥ롣
ţüЦûɹҲʦ𣿡
ʦڿʲôЦսָǵøˣʦ㲻ܱʲôģҶϵóʦ㡣

һˮˣץס˾ݾͲԸ̰֡¶ȣſ֣ø

ɹǲϳˣϳ˰ɣ֪衯ٰģ
˵

ҲڳǱʶԼʶĴڣϳµꡣ
ǻʱһֱֵʱֱ׼ȷģ˻ָѣֱʧˡ

ɷ˺᲻ǵú˵Ļ˵Ļ̫ˣ¶Ҳ̫ˣһѹݣ㴦Σˡ
ƽȵģǵú˵ʲô

˫üͷ΢΢ţ촽ûѪɫʹ࣬ż̲ס˱㷢ĴϢʱȼѪ

ӽָȡһɫСӣ򿪺Ӻŵɫĸ壬״һɫȼо

Ļ
ش𣺡ûĽȡ˻ֻۣȼţͻͨ¶ļ뵽ڣЧȵĻǿ˲ֹһѸ١

ŻᴵһоٿȻϵĻ
ĻζģĽ֮⼸ҩкζɫζĻ˸ѷ

ȼţɫʱ΢ı仯üһ˿⣬Ща죬Ƭ̣üȻû
ϵĻѷ
ֻһǲģ뷽ܲ㹻Ч


ǼħʹħϻþһҲʹݻþЧãЧá
˵飿˼

ɫĹʣ
߶ɢƮͨĿڱڡ

ŵüͷͻȻһɣɷʹЩ

ˣʲôΣ
ǲģҵĸ鹻һԺ谭ؽʶͷų԰׵ҪһΣΡ

źĸ飬˼Եóۡ
ճĿǰ״̬ʶԼҺ԰һס

ĶͷסĶͷ΢΢ۣʶ͸ü˳ؽ˳ʶ
ûκη˳ӵؽʶ

ʶǰããһƬͬıԭ

վڱԭԶȻһһǳزŻѩǰߡ
ʱ˳ʶƬԭ

þͣԭˮеīˮǰɢȡ֮ǱɫĴ
һӴޱȵġ֡⡰֡װ׵ؽʾ˳εݡ
˵þԻӦǳʵֵº³¡

ô˵ǡף

ֻԼšһҪǻþҪýǸޱȵġ֡ˡ

Сûͦ

µڴתһȦŪŪＸϲǡ
תƵʱ򣬳仺̤ڡ

Ź⣬Цʦ㣬ðˣҾͲµڴ
չʣǾҪˡʦϲĲ𣿡

þǻþһ֣лþķչ
ܣ޵ϲû۾

ݣ顣




46.     ¸㿴

Ļû˿, ǣסʦ㲻ҪˣĺɫֻһΣʲôɫʲôɫ
һյ, һʱ䲻֪˵ʲôá
״Цʦ㴩ʲôɫÿɫҲÿ, ѾƳˣʦҪȥв˵, Ǽµʽ, 档
, Ц˳ųĻãǾȥɡ

ư֣ȥѲúõĶ
ҲϺɫĳ, ڲ辡ݻϰڵǶҹ飬Ͻ¯յζƳɴصΨϵıҲǺɫ, ΪڵһĨ

Ǽɫļ¾ͷ¼ϡ
°ڼ, ˿ߣ˴鶯, ·һ̾ҪӼϷɳָⴥһ, ˮ㻬, ˸ϸϸĹ㣬һͲǷƷ

ʦϲ𣿡, ƺܽĻش

ļ£˵ϲ֡
Ψһвϲδ塣
ӵļģ˽ײͬ, ڼȢ֮ϵЩ֮ͨŮӼ¸˺ԧ죬

ҺϲżչһЦ
ȻһذҾ֪ʦϲ

֮Ի˵ϲΪºϲΪ⡣

ֶֻܴһ̫ϧˡųе
ʦԸ⣬ʦն䶯ػסļͷĶ
̬ǿƣȴϲʦ㴩µӡ

ƱƴҲֻ࣬˵ֺСβͣδóǸԵˡ
˿ʶþǼĹϵʵнȻͬˡ
ڻþδǵദģʽȫˣܣڸϻ϶ܡ

ܸо촽ĶʱʪĴУܸоĵ¶͸ᱡϴݵļϡ
ͬˡ
ܸоĲϸļܿ޳Ĳ촽СɵĶ㣬ޱȳԡ

еļ΢΢Цˡ
մ£㿴ϳͣͷ֣ˡ
ӯתȹڻĻȣڳһƣ㶣رƵˡ
õϡ

ֱ۳ڳ࣬ߺǳһҪԺϲ뿴𣿡
˿£ϣŪģҲġ

߾һ̲ססʱסĳ嶯ִŵֱҡ뿴
뿴ü
ʦ˵Ӧóʵһ㣬ҪҪҪǲҪͰ͵ر׵Ҫˡ
˵仰ʶ壬ǼæȵҲ˵Ҫ˵뿴뿴

Ŷζؿ
ߴͷֱЦǾ㿴ˡ

һУ¼ϵĴ±ƮƮظƮֱϹš
ȥ¡Ȼ߽档

κشӴ߲Ծ硣
ǰ͸ģ͸ž˿ԼʸӰζӰӺ֣롣

˻磬µСǰƿ߹ؾصضŵ棬˫ַϥϡصƬ̣̲ס̧磬Ȼٴ̧ٴѭ
̽Ⱦֱ۰ӵأȻǡ
ɫԽԽ죬ȵ˶Ҫһ

ü´߳ѸŤͷȵĿ
ʦ㡭ػ

ǳͷϵк£ڼͷ
ֻͷЩס

ѣȻҪͬ䡣
ΪļֻԳζ

¶ÿǣɫΪļȾůɫḡ
ʦŮӡ

Ϊʦױ𣿡ε
𣿡
ѧʦ㣬εʱμΪױüγˡ

𣿡еŹ֡
ϧξεģԶʵֵ

תױǰЦʶһա
áߵָ䡣

ױǰŻƾӣװ˸ΣΡп֬֬
ȡᣬϸϸΪᷢ
տʼЩ裬ԽԽˣȳʹǳᡣ
̺ãκóɫǶ챦ʯķؽټ䡣
ѡһԶ׵Ķ׹Ϊϡ

ȸϣ䶨ؿžеˣûգ۾
ȹνǳ֮ļºﶼ

˵ʲô
ѵ֬

ˡЦ
óɫСӣ򿪸ӣǺɫĸ塣
ʳָպһ֬СΪͿĨ

ָⰴѹŽ۵˫ڷ

ʦ㣬૵ʦ㡭
Ҹʲô΢ͷĲҡҲĶ˻Ρ
ûʲôҧ´Ҿ뺰һ
Цˡ
ǡҡҡͷЦ⡣

ػסͷϡ
ʦ㲻뿪ҵģ𣿡ʡ
֪ΪΣ˵仰ʱӿֳһеĿ־壬޴룬ֿ־Ƶġ

ĳĺ󱳣ʦܣû˭˭һӣˣҲˡĸҲԶŮµȻҲ鵽Զͨ²׶δŵ˵ѡ

鲻Խضһ£øˡ
ʦڿЦԲԣĿ־ˡ
棬һƭ㣬ǻþҲ֪ҾͲƭˡЦʦܣʦڶ˵ʵŲţ¡

嵭ζ̰ؼȡϢʧ

վǴˡʦһɡ
áݵӦˡ



һҹʱܿȥӵˡ

ɫĴڴġ֡쳣ۡ

ͷĴǷңۿⳡʢĻ硣

ǣ̤ŵû

ʦ𣿡Ӳ֣
ʲôýŵģʡ
֪ҵжáͬͬģ֤˵½ԼǾǵˣʦ㡣
Ӧ

֤˾ڴ롣

֤תʱѪҺˡ
һϤʹ޵˵

ֳ

ϲû뵽һǵˡֳЦЦСĴһΪᰲּء

ֻԼ˵һ
ﲻԾǱʶֳó˵ֳΪʲôó֡

УֳħףڻþĺҲû˿ԹǾʹֳ
ڻþڣħʵþڴӣڴһ𣬻ħ֮´δ
ֳͻȻóֲѣ١

ҵغһʶȥȴ΢΢̧ͷ͸ɫĸͷעֳ

³俴Ҳ΢ز
ҲܾȣҲû뵽ֳڻϡ
Ӵҵ˼һһʵС

ľֻ˲һϢ
ܿ췴Ӧȥ

ݼʦ𡣡

ֳеطº͵Ը޸𣿡

ûԥ䵭Ը⡣
Ϊʲôżºߵֳ΢Цʵ
ͼˡ˼Ƭ̣ͦÿģ봩ʦеɰ붺

̡
ʦ㡭᲻˵ػҪˣʦ㡣

˵ɫĴÿʱ˵ʦ㣬ҪˣҲû֡
Ȼû˳˼

ֳ֣ЦСΪʦĺͽΪʦ뿪ɡ
ȥʡ
ĺǣֳȥﶼԡ
·濼Ļ

޴Ŀ־ڳըˡ
Ժһ뿴ѡ

ͷֳһ˵ʲô

˵ڣԲܷ뿪
˲׽סƺҪĹͷɼԾɲԸ˵һػ
ֻǺȦʦ㡭ֲҪ𣿡

ȻŤͷħת˲ʴȫǣǵصħͫͬ۰׶ڵɫ

ɱĻ㻹𣿡ɱضֳ˵ĥ˱ѪĻߵ˶ɱˣǲǾͻֻˣ




47.  ֮   򹷵߾

ɱңֳʲôЦһ, Ц
Ǹ𣿡Цʡ

ŭ轫ûͻȻ뵽ֳ˵仰
ʲôʱںʱεֳ˵Ǿ仰
ʦĴ, Ϊֳ֣ΪһжһֲʵУ
εأ

ִֵؽסء괭Ŵ, ̫Ѩͻͻֱͷʹ, ʹ, Ծһֻסͷ
, ĵ档
ĳڳǰζأһʱԼںĴ, һʱԼʱļլۡڣһʱԼվϡ㱼̧ͷַ˻ɭħƽԭ

ǰֳ
ֳݲȵظ֮ϡ
û˿ҲκڰУƽشעų, ڿһֻص, ҲڿһС

ֳվŵģǹŵġ
˫ϥڵ, , ͷɢ, 飬˫ֳŵ, ʮָؿٽ
ֳͷųѹѳεѹסˣ̧һָ, ˵ɱǰˡ

Ѫþʵ㡭ΪʲôҪʦħΪʲôҪ

ţֳƤ̧̧Ϊħģ
ѵ𣿡ߺ޵
ΪҪߵģֳµʡ
ʦڵӾͻȻħȻҧ

ֳ𴽽ǣΪǺ˽Сġ
ʲô˼ʮָݵø
Ը£ûܱ£ûͷֳЦԼѡ񡣡

ҪһͬħҪһߡ

ҲܲסһѪסڱǾҵؿԣ϶صҲšҲţҪҪͣ
㻹ǻһĻش𡣡ֳִԲ򡣡ͣһ˲ˣСķϣһ
ֳѹ

ϵѹȻһᣬ˵ڵء
Ϣ֧ס棬ԼԵòôǱ

ѵĨϵѪ̧ͷóѪ۾ֳһһٵ㲻ɱңպҪɱ㣡
˵ֳ΢ЦȻǲĺӡһҸ棬ʵʱٷźݻѺ޲ĵףȻἤ˵ɱ⣬Ͼħ˵

ߡƳһۣг⣬бɱңǸ𣿡

Ǹɱʦͷ
ЩڳԺлصħ˰㽫Щһһ飬һĽ
ûҵ𰸡
ûɱֳŵʱɱ֮û취ɱˡҲû취ʦͷֳ˵˭޷˭޷ͷ

ѵļ޵Ļþ֯һ
Ťţ۾ٴοĿĺɫ
ֲǵѪĺɫǼµĺɫ
˶ָģ˿̻ץʦ

ůĴһһЩǣһģҡҡ׹壬ǰ־ر
㿴Ұʦ㡣ս˫ۣΪʲôбˣأûλҶ⣬ôܸо

еḧĺ󱳣οĶûеĿ־ᡣ

ҵ⣿һһ⣬ħѺꣿ
һ𣬻ɿ۾ҵؽͣǵģʦ㣡Ҳ㣬ֻǡֻǡ
ֻʲôĮʣҵģ궼ȥһ棿
ҡ飬ʧȥ˷磬Ҳʦ㣬ҡ
ô࡮ǡҲԵɣֻ
۾ʦҲ˵ңҲʦ㣬ʦܲԭң

˼Ƭ̣һЦԡ
ģϲ
֮ǰ㣬ҪҵǸҪҲ㣬ɷ䷢ʱߣˡָⴥ԰׵գƭڻˣҪʵжֲҡ
ô׽ס֣еʦ˵ʲôҶӦģʦʲôҪҶᾡ

㲻ʦ㱻ԲԣƻңԲԣ
ԣصͷ
֪ôٴμ𣿡ѭѭա
٣ҡ֪ʦ뿪ħǾһˡ
ɫϧڵ˲뿪Ҳһ𡣡
ģ䲱ħƣеĺ𽥼ħӿ
ǰδеļᶨ˵˭ֹҺһ𣡡

ЦܺáʦܣϣܼסԼĳŵ
֣ˡ

ʦ㡭ŵץס
ȻһƱ̣ӯرܿ֡

֪Ӻδð˳ڱ
ɫĳʧˣװ¡صĴʧˣۿıʧˡ
Ψ³֮Զ

һӰ
ֳվţԨĽϷԼħļħҲħħ

ħֳԨг裬ĽϷĹΪ¡
ȥħ߸ԽԽ࣬Ƕ߷壬¡أڣԭأû׷һֱǰˡ
һׯڴǰ˳䣬˳һ̣ѳӵ˴м䣬Ͱˣһʣµİδͽڵ·ǻ
ϰߣ顣
ƴȫ׷ϣȴֲô׷û׷ϣ

֮ʣȻͷˡ
ֻҪ뿪ħǾһˡ
ֱϲ

߰ɣʦܡЦ¶ģǾ¿ʼ
á˼
һռ񡪡Ըͷˣ
ֻҪԸͷΪκ¡

һһǰס֡
ĵһʦħоȳһΣκֹһˡ谭ҵģһὫһһɨ

ʦܡ



þʧˣˡ

ӳʶ˳ʮָ۵֡
Ѩ۵ɷ֮ɢ˺ܶ࣬üëͷϵı˪Իٶڣüһ˿Ϻɫħźܿû

ɹˣʡ
ࡣڻþ״̬ʵ״̬𣬾ĻҪѹٹ۲졣
ϵħǺءü
ȫתħҪʱ䡣ϵħһöӣȴ׳ãħһЩҲܱ嫲嫻Ϊϵħħµġ

ƽ˯΢üͷʦʧ

΢
ΪӸλΪŮħͷˣת




48.  ǧ   ħͯȤ

ָ۵ʵ̫, ûֳܰһһָͷиоʲô޵طް, յøһҲֿ

ε̾˿
ʱѨڴ, 嫽ˡ

ɨΧĿͣͳϡ
ߵɷ֮ɢ, ɷ䷢, Ԥʱû١

ϣ̰ڳһģ嫡
΢ζһ±ס, ֻ˳ֱ˺ۣźǿ
ѳȴѲ

´, ߹ȥ͵˳ơ
źִӵվϸϸҲ䳤ûзʧȥǣҲûٰԼŪˡ
ò嫶˼ֺø, ޵, ֲñΪͽ
ܱͽǵӵˡسϿȥư, ˵ĺ, ˺üѪ

°ɫ·ȾǼѪ, ǼѪҺմؿڵλã׺·ϵĺ÷

嫽̽, ڵĺƽϢħȴáŨˡ
Ϊħɷ䷢࣬ħҲż

۵Ⱦɫ
⴫ް, Ϊ˰ɣ
־ʱ̬Ȼ㻺ͣԴ˾Ͳˣ±óȻ̼䣬ԼȽȥ̽̽˯嫲Ÿñ

Ϣ󣬱ڶڣҴҽ仰û˵˵ȡƿö˱ǵĵҩó£ɫۿɼ࣬ûô԰ˡ
䷢ʱԸҩԲУ˲ſϺúóҩˡ
ʩչ˷Ϊ仯ҩϢƽȣ˯ø

ЩŤͷǵؿû£Ϊôͣɷ֮أиô

ȻʦƵġ
ǲڵϸûĸǲװġ

£зδˡֻǳʵ˵ǡ
òŵģҺϽ¡ûµġ

ò嫲ȥɡ
ĵһ˿𣿡
ɷˣָǣһ˼ɡ嫵
£볤ʱ
á嫵ͷ˾䣬⺢ӵİʦʱУ
ûŰʦҪ죬ͽһѧͷ¶棬ҲںЩʦ滭ǰ㡢ϻƾˡЦ
㿴Űžǡ嫵ȥ˰ּڲϡ
ͳˡ

ɫǲá
ҹ⣬ҹڵʵǲʲô

ͱ粢߳Ѩ

⼸ձᾭȥΪ˿ʲôԸ
ע۲Ҫעľ״̬һֲԾֱ֪ͨҡ
״̬ԥܷ˵ϸЩʱħӰ죬״̬һֱԾ
㿴ûͺãӦǺܺ÷ֱġ
ص˵¶Ϊ׵Եձɴ½ӵСԺƾӵˣҪˣʱὫߡ

졣
ʦתŵǰܷġ

ߺưʦİ
ǰҲͦģڻҶģкβɣ̹Ȼ
һܺã
Ӧǰɡƽ

ɱʱʲôо׷ʣħ㣬Ľͱؿڣʱʲôо
֪ûʲôʹʹ
ֻǵãִ쳣ƽȣĶûκβɱʦҲ޲

ЩƽҲǵˣҵļûȫָ
ʱʲôоŹ⣬ģΣȻ⣿
˼˺ܾúܾãȷӦǡϣɣ
ϣظʡ
֪ʦ𲻻ֳתֻ̤·طնϵֻأвϵվٴ΢΢һЦƣڹʵˡ

£
ֳСɺϣҲİš
֪ʶԭֳת֮־΢ϵ

ֳŲһĵλλǳĽɱġ˵ɹߣɹߡ

ϣСе㷢˵ҪΪͨ죬еԱɣ



İЧǺܸߵģסոµĶ
¿ٵģľأڸּҾ߰ڼʮȫòʲô¶

ģⶴǿӣԭСԺƵܡڷ˽Ļʹ̫ˡ
ⶴΣǸ֮ǳþסĵطҪ󽵵͡

һȦʣֲ˼ϡҲЩҩ黨ʯʯϻ̵·ӰӾͰԱߡ
תתʯ£һöϡ
ӷ죬һöӣԼԼġ

˵ˣŵ۵Ժ͵
һһĵصȴ

Լʱ䣬ĽƱߵˡ
ִӵ΢һ٣ӻȥ򿪽ơ

Сһİŵ̤ڡ
һסˣͣԭ·

ҩ԰ִ¸Си¿˶ĵҪһҩֲ۵ǰȥ̣ˡ
С֣æȻִǲˣû뵽ִ¿϶ľСͷԣȴʰʰʵ뿪ҩ԰ǰȥ
ڵط̫С߲˺ü·˵ط

ȻûϵȥľȻǴǰġʦ㡱

ּˡЦ
СӦæİ
񡣡Ժסɣм᷿ȥѶ¡
Сãذָȥ᷿˰

ܿ죬СˣŵرȻȻȥʲôҪ˵
̧̧°ͣǡ
СľżƵ˳ӵߵʯˡ
òôСӴóһСӣ÷עˮ˵ʲôˮдϡ

СһЩʳָպˮһһдʦʲôҪģԸҡ
ûʲôҪġֳע
СӵòӣдԺʲôҪõģ
ֵ㻨Ҫÿġ˼ԺӺܴЩտҲ֪Ҫôãʲô𣿡

Сͷдʦϲǧһǧ

ǧǧ
㶡

ǧͬճļ䣬Щ飬޴á
ЩѹԺײ

ǸոС˵ǧʱһɢɢСºȻͷ

ٶǰֳڣԼĶڷոôԺӡ

ʦ룿

ΪʦǧֳָԺߴĹЦǧòã

ˣҪʲôǧм
ǻˣǧֻͷǧˣ
䣬ϲǧСһɡ



Сʯдּû⣬ʦҪʲôԸҡ

ħͯȤ㬵




49.     ķ

СǸе, ֱܷϵͶ⣬ϣֻܵ⡣

Се㲻Ծ, ĳΪΪʲôôá
, յĴָмΪԼյ, յȴǹǵĶ
Свм, ʱؤ˸ò, ˶Ǽ, ʵڷҩҶС㹻ˣûд˵óѡ

ڣͬͬס۵Ǻཻغư͡, û˽֡С
ڵܳԱů, ȻɵĻһЩ벻óܷ紵̼֮, СЩ۵ûʲôԹ, ʱ䶼ĬĬԼ¡

Ѻ, Сеܳ

С˼Ҳ벻ʲôֵصġ
Ϊͣʲ, Ǹưͣҩ԰ûãеǱֲҩɻ, ôƫƫأ
ǵĵһμ棬˳ʲô֡Ǽûãͱ˺ȥҩ԰¡
ҩ԰Ļȳ࣬Сˣÿֻ谴ʱһҩӱںùܶࡣ

䵽С˼⡣
ڳɵúúõģΪʲôִͻȻȥҩ԰ˣ
ҩ԰Ǹʲ۵߹ϵԴҲҪȥʲ䵽СͷϡͬˣСףҩ԰ôΪȥҲۣôƫƫˣ

Сһϵе¼Ʒһ㲻Ծĵط
ܾãŴαвǲ˹ʺҲɺϣ˿ⰲšȨ޿Ҳǹϵûб˿صʱ

ǵһǧãڹֱһָʡ
С΢ЦʯдڹϰɣԺʡһСƬطЩÿֲ
ã㿴Űˡ

Сּɾ
ڻеʶ֣Сǵźѧ֡ѧʲô죬˻ڷܣ÷ǳÿ

ԺĹûйҹ϶ǺŵĻǶ䣬СȻǰ˻þ
ƺŰµץǧ޳˫ţǧҡڵĽơĻˣǳɫĻŷƮƮҡҡ£䵽ϡ·ϡ˳ɢ˿ϡ

Ϥľ󡭡

ûг𣿡˶٣ЦҲˣ㱾ǺģӦ
Сعѯʵʦ뿪һС𣿡
ûСͲȥˣҲͷȥＷȥ
ҿΪʦ׼ʳдԺҪҪֵ߹
áδٹȣƽҪЩġ

ԷΪӣСȫΪСԶܻСɲУһ㶼ûУδ뷲ҪԷά
ССͲƴԶ·ȥ÷ˡ

С˽뷨ĬĬͷһƷ嵥¶ҪõĶܶ࣬˽ܲǸˣͶ˵ġ

ǧĹ߲ȫСûͽ·˷š
ҹһ᷿ϣٳ޷˯
ڵ۵ͨ˯̵ͨģֻʽжԺӿԾסСںһ˿Ĵ˯
£շת࣬ߡ

ղСԺи֡
룬᲻ڰǸ˰Ų˺ҩ԰ķʲȻȥ״ӵĶ¡
۵ߵһѾһˣ˶֪˸µӣĴȾܻ˵ĺô
ֱڣСֲʵУôõһһ㶼ۣεºܻñ״ӴȵĻ᣿

ڲһ

СţǼᵽһ滺ζ˲ˣûϢ硣
᷿͸ĴֽӳһӰ

ôҹ˹뷿ĲɻƵģŹֵ
˰춼˯û취ֻҩˡεеĴۣŶ롣

С˯óģΪ
̫⣬Ҫıַֻһҵ츳ؿҩħ壬ͨľ
츳ؿҩѰһʱҲѡ˺ߡ

ѵС£ֻӡ
Сĺݣûʲô⣬߹ǵĺۼϸϸģݵԵò
СļƴӲɱɣַŵϵʱĹе֡ϻһЩɰ̣б޴ĺۼҲС첲м۵ˣеˡ

СһڣȥƬֽ̣ƵֱؿڡǾͨĵطϸһ顣
ħСߣħĲٿ±ºͣСľΪ֮ͨ
һ֮Ҫÿռ֡
ȫעħСѭһ췽ͣ

ɿ֣һħ˲١

С˯Ǽܵ£˯ܳ

ؿСһ·ΪãĨĺۼ뿪

ҪΣʡ
١һ°ɣȷصСϵľ֮ܺýԴи׿飬ҪǸ׿Ҫܳʱ䡣
ÿ϶Ҫȫһ飿ίʡ
ǰȻ
ûбֳһ㶡㲻˼·ʵһƽ⡣

ҭסˣ㲻𣿡
ʲô취ʣҲʵûİ취 
СƤȥģҪţ͸ˡ

ߵԺ̧ͷԺӵĹȻһҹ俪ˡ
ҹƮɢЩ

ʦϲҵ𣿡

΢ЦŴ߳
һϮ£򵥵ţö°ڡ
üһ˿Ϻɫħߵǰ

֪ʦϲ÷ùǰˡڳʦϲ𣿡

ϲϲͻȻõĳңƽ´Ҽǵǰ˵һʦܡ
ԲʦһϲЦʦҾϲ
ǶԻʱû¶κƺǵĹϵһЩĹδڡ̫ˡ

ų΢ЦӻëȻ
˹ˣЦҲͦģô˿˯}ûأ

֪𣿡ԹԵתʯϡ
ಽظ󣬵ˣ档
ģʦֲ֪Ҳûʦػˡ
Ц繣Һʦ㹲ͬܡ

ɫһЩ˱á

ʦ㣬һʡŲ᷿ϣס˭ʦû
üļħɫת˲ˣȴᣬʦǰո˵Ҫһ𣬽תͷ˱ˡ




50.  ľ   ͷ

ңʲôһ, ˱ˣ

Цʦѹû·ϡ
ɬ⣬ɬһͬӵɱ⡣

ʦߵ˶ɱˣǲǾͻֻˣ
ͷ̳, ҪƲסԼˡ

һֱԸǼʦ, ʦ
Ըʵˣʦ, ͬʱٶߵĻ, ֪ˡ
Ĺ, µӣǹףӵõһˮĽ
ֻǲ, ʦ߽һˡ

ǳ֪ⲻʵ
ʦĳˣȨ˭ߣû, ͣ

ο, ɱʦ㿴ص˷ǵעתƵϣ, Ϊʦ㲻ϲ, ϲˡ

ҿЦ, ʦɱ档üĵħȥɱ, ɤҾǶԷ˵е档
ʦ㣬ɱ, Ҳûκιľٶûзųʶ̽顣
ʦ㲻ϲ¡

ô㲻ֱ߳ˣ
ȷ롭ʵصɡ󣬡ʦ㲻ҪңҾʦָֻš
ЦҲ֮飬Ҳ黳

ЩƵļ֮ˡ
ʦհᵽ⴦¶ͬסһ۵ӣǳǰ̽ģʦǶ۵ӵķ
ССֵۣʦģʦͣôʱ䣬ʲôĵطŶʦʲôô
סԼ˼õĵط롣

ʲô˶ʸʦߡ
ĽʵļƣϷָĶĶķ蹷ħħиôǲڸԵĵнʸһЩ
Ԩ
Ԩ߲ƾʵƾò

һ뵽Ԩɵֳ

Σʣɷ֮ס𣿡
ɷʱûиɷ֮ûٷ̵ʦ㲻ùģް

ΪʦеĻϲãΪѾܾûƽ͵˵ˡʼǹϵܣǻÿμ涼Ǵ򶷡汻
ǰ˵Ļˡ
ƽҸѾá

ǵãʱɷ䷢ߡ
ɷ䷢Ķͷʣʹ𣿡
ůָţʹͼ˲٣类˳ëСèɵһţСҲʹˣʦ㲻Ҫҡ
ʱῴһۣӲ
΢Ĺġ
ħδյĹˡ

̰ӣƬ̵мȡůůĹģеĿͺɤ˫ֵĸļĴУԼǳζ

ʦأЦӯӯʵڻ𣿱ʦΪͽʦô
ܺãáش
ҰʦħȳʦͲαװˡԪӤʦʦ𣿡
䲻֪ϸΪΪʦȨ֮ơ

˵ħ΢䣬֪򿪷ħħ
ʦģҶҽҹʦΪ˴¡ɫħϹʱľħ˴оԶĪķ󷨡
΢ͣ٣ŵߵƽ⣬ΪЩҳɼҴ֮ҵΪסʦ㣬ڡ

ûڣ̧Ƥں޺ǸĻͲ˵ˣֱ˵ص㡣
á䶯˶촽ǲַĺ󷨣ҲƵǡƵħֻҪ˳Ƶ󷨣ʦ
Ƿħأɫƽ
ħе㼬֣ȻԿ׵ģԿײֹһѣİѣİԿеһѾڣѷֱһɱڵԿױڵ֮ڣɵģҲö֪
ʣǼɶļ
ڣ񻪶죬Ժ⼸ɶлʿ򣬵̷˲żüáħܽиɵļλʿ֪Ҳ֪ǰԿ׷˺εرܡ
ô˵ҪͬһʱȡİԿеѡ˼

ϢصϣֲĽѰ갲ϸû̽õ鱨
ϮһɣɱȻѸٵ֪ϢѷħԿ׿ܵøϣ߲صصĵط

֪ˣϢá̧ų΢΢һЦ
һɡħķа취ƣڵԿҲ跨ȡãɵԿȴûȥȡħЧʵ̫£ȡʦʵ޷ָ۷塣
ŵһеʱȥﻮָ棬궼ˣһеǺġ

ָӨ񣬳̽ذȥСĵָ⡣
üû˵
û˵ǾĬˡûܾ߬ס֣ૣԲ𣬺ħܿ࡭
ۿʦ㲻˵ЩһҪ˵Բʦ㡣

š򵥵ػӦǸ½ҹ
㲻𣿡ʡ
Ҵûʵ

ͻûʧĸȫʧˣûˣ˾ΥһжҪˣֻúÿ

ԺҲˣʦ㡣

ԹһĻЦ
Ϊ̫ҪûΪϡ
ʱԣֱųļһȰŮħͷ̸飬̽䡣
ȻŰ־ãԳСӵԸĿ»ĸԸ޲ðԼ˶

ҹˣȥɣ뿪̫嫻ᷢҵ¡
ʦˣָṴģ͵飿ʦ͵顣
һ񡣡ݸȥɣʦܣеǻ档
áޱʶʦ֮Ҳûħˣܴеش

ˣʦ㡣
СЩ󽻴һ䣬עħתٶȣҪ¶

뿪ˣȻʯϡ
ͷҹƮɢĻ꣬ҹ

ħ̶ȺˣҪûħϡ
ǣҼƻҪ˳һ㡣
ҿ࣬ûҪҪҪҪɱġ
ħħѾʶ޷γħģͷħͷٹҵݣٹ£һԼ

ˡ
ħԸΪһС

ͻȻѰɣ硣
ȻѣǾͼòĻħҲֱ˴ˡô򵥵ĵȥˡ





51.  ͽ   ҹ

һ, СŹǷ
ͷһ飬ģû˯ƵĴá

һ, ڡ塣
Сסշ̡
̫߳, ôΣ
Ĵз·ļԼе˫ȥ, ͬĦһ

С뻻·, һ, Ͼ͸о˲Ծ
ɿ죬ʲôصİɣʱȻž
̫ˡָоδ

ѵ˯̫ˣҹȷʵ˯úܳ
СãȻԭվ˰, شӰɾ·
·Ҫͷ俴ĽᣬȻסˡ

С·ڴϣµĽ㤵ؿֿ
ϻʱϵǵߵᡭôһϵľͱ˫ߵĺˣ
СëȻѲʵ£˴ķ, ѵ·, ȫ˸飬󻹰·ˣ

ԽԽ, °·, ϸԼ, ߵǰպ󱳣ûκĺۼ

Сǵش·, ʼǲǲˣϵľ˫ǵߵģ
˫ֺůů¶, ϶Ůӵ֡
Сֲҹ¾λʵģֱ㶵ض·ϵᣬӿհס
⴦ֻʦס󷨽ƣ׽ˣŮӴķ䣬ֻǡ

Сκشϴ뿪᷿
һͿԺĹȻˣ嵭ζ
ʿֶСͼʶƬָ̱ҩ԰ʱͼʩչֲ

СʳȥΪ׼š
СûǺãһͻҪȥ巹ȥȡġС磬ѷʱ̾ܳԵȺķʳ

СʳлȻˡ
δᷢͷ˿ʯϡͷܳ˳У΢һмƷ˿衣

СʳֱΪԼѡ
ʦĵƣΪ״ӣɫˣڵ弫ﰵעеӲ֪õŶСС۸£
һǴˣξµ˫ߵĶǵߵġ

С¶Цݣʳзǰ
硣
СЦ΢΢ͷǻӦ
ȥʯĻ꣬óʳķʳһһϡ
嵭ЩãЩСˣһӡ֪ĿζƫãҲʣƾֱѡ˵㷹ʳ
ʵֱ֤Ǻܹõģźܺθڣϸʳ˲١

Сɲ²⣬ڰǰǳڸ֮ңһһ͸˵ʣ÷̬Ҳš

ùţԺ￪ĹǧɣһͲˣǵøǿƣǻСҲ΢ŵ㣬Ҫڷ
С꣬ͷʾԼ֪

ͻ˶ڵľҡ
ʯ̨ǰϥ£ӴȡɢɢϺ󷨵Ĺߡ

㲻˵Ҫ׼𣿡䲻ʣΪͻȻˣ
Сڲԣ಻㣬ҪС˽Щһͺá

һѤõɽͼ
ɽͼػصУûù
λɽͼҪʹսҪеһ鸨

׻Ϸ

ͨβ΢ĻϷʸɽͼϳ˳ӵ£ͣϡ
±ϷûͷŻ棬Ȼܴϸܵ⣬һС̫ҽ

ǰΪͼ㾭ñϷĻ

Ļȡħ𣬴ӵĻҲÿʱҵȡͽϷĻ

ָϵϵȥʡ
Ϸɫſ³һȵĻ棬ʯѸٱڣʷոɾֻʣ
ȴת̵ָɺʵСЩС󷨣һǳɣκͣ١

ŵ񣿲ԡģ
ǡϸµؽСƴһ;ɵĽСĳˡ
Сİϣעһ˿ħСһſߴߴĽǽһ޶

£ĵĽʱ˼
˵𣿡Ȥǰһû˼С
˵ֻҪ񴫵ݣٿڡ˵ķȻټ϶ͨҲǻ͵ģһ㣬СҲ졣
㵹Ϊǵȫֹ

˵
ԣССССֻСǧСԣСĺݺðÿ
˵Щɶ
˵ˣ˵˳˳̬һʱҲ벻Ҫ˵ʲô

˵ʮ֣ɤƵģҲŤ
ץסٴεԣ˵ˣŽ¡

һɽ˵ڷϿ˳ġ
ΪʲôҪĵӣɱĲ𣿡
ıѧָ˵ķĵӱȽ䡣ĳÿɰ
ðɡƲ졣

ٻػϷΪعɽͼȶ½˲١
ҪСģϹͺͺĽɫ룬űͿɫһɫͿ꣬ˡ
Сյָųȥ

⣬ԺڣСǧ
һ˰ѺСİϵĻҲ䵽˶ͷϣģǱ

С¶ϲ΢ЦָոµǧͣˣʦҪҪԣ
áĴ
߹ȥץסǧ£ż΢˼£оȡ

ʱһ紵Ժ˻ꡣ
лͷȻܿ챻紵ȥ

Сз·˻þ
ʦ㡱ӰԼһغһˣһʱռϵĴҸС
촽ſƺʶ˵ʲô˵֡޷

ʲôҪ˻ﱻ
Сٶ۵롣

Һϲǧ˼
Сһ٣˵Щʲô
̯ģдϡ
ʦϲҺܸˡСָ΢΢Լ



ֵܿҹطˣСҲԼķ䣬ϥ

ʲ޿ɾҩܲ׾ķϲãôŬҲû취Ϊ
ôʱ䣬Ȼûͻһ㣬ֱ۵ӿȷʵһϲ
СÿȻΪ

չԪѭʱ֪ôģýѭٶȺҪտһ˿ͨˡ
仯΢΢СΪǴ
ֹͣü˼ƬҲûȻεرۼ

ҹСڽȥڴϣҪ˯ȴȻʲô
ͷһ¡
ţϵϵĺǵߣؼסˡ
Сĵ˻ȥϱӳ磬˯óġ

ڶ죬峿

С۾ѣ·Ь
Ρ˼Ρ

Сʶͷһ·ᣬȫĺë

ᣡֱˣ
˫û䣬ʣ೤ȡ

Се˷ĵɻϽѵ¼һ塣
һûκ
СˣѵӼһ¡

С͵ش£㱵ߵԺڡ
Сˣʳȥôţֱڳ
ģʱյԼ·

æҵţСѷ϶˳ʱѾˣվʯԣĵ

С΢΢һЦ硣
СһĵðͷĻ̱֮ѹȥ
ʦƷи߽覣ôᴳ·أ

Сѹ߰˼Ϊڷ
һһ˹سţȻԱСĿʵ̫ԡ
ò¿̧ͷһֱңʲôҪ˵
С̣վûס
˸֦ڵдʦ㣬û˴

Сд۰ͰڴĻش
ɫüûˣûбļΪôʣ
Сݣͷдûʲô
Ŷûʡ

һ죬С겻ᡣ
װ֪

Сʦûǰļ䣬ڵһһ֪¶ꡣ̾ŵ˰ɣ᲻µɵģ
µͲµɣͦģĻνġ̬ȵúܡ




52.  ˭   Ҳħ

չýΪС
մ󲿷ʱ䶼, ½һϰȥҩ԰տֲʱʱýӸŵ
ϵתΪ״ӺͲҪʱ˷ѧˡ, ҲԴӷнѡ

ѿж, ǰѼط伮þͬûĵս
Ķ, ʡ˺ܴĹ
ɢʧ, ʵ޷ٽ, ǧûصļҲҪĥϣսжǰĸоԺ˶ʱ·硣

ż, ڶ轣
ֵڣɫǳСζþòɢЩ껹轣γɵתƮ䡣

þĸоȻͬ
»þ棬ҲǼٵ, ʱܸܵ滮΢Х, ܸ΢紵ִ裬Ϊһ, ׷Ķ, ȴȻɢĽгм

С, ʱվһԣͽ, ʱڷ

ѧ𣿡˼ʡ
СɵҡͷεضЦһ¡
һΪûУܲĽأû˵, Ҳûд¶ľ˼

ͬΡ
СǰļûиգֳԿͬˡ
СǸ˺ü۵ӣǸͣ׶Ϊ޴ķϲǸпڼư͡
ֳأֳڳϣ⣬˾Ĵʿ
ʵˣСǸԱˡΪļģӡУֳһǫѷʵаˡ

ĵֳָĽʦֳ̣ѾԼĵ̵ֳһЩ
ڿС״鸴ӡ
ҲްСʲÿͨ磬ʵڲоͻʱ䣬ѰһЩܹıʵҩҩСڲԣһܰ뷨ѧķھţֻСΪһЩܸˡСʵ΢Ҳʲô⣬Խ̵С
񵱳ʦ̵һ֪ǰ㣬С

ǿ壬ΪͣǾʹӻҿӹǵƺëʡ
СĪغһ£ҵ˵ͷ

ֽһСʦԲµÿϴΪͨˣ

Сֲɵӣ⼸ܾԼٶȱһ˿˿ҲЩԭΪǴǽָоԽԽˡ
ĳЩ쳣Сʶǲȷϡ

治ɫؼŽ̵Ļѧ𣿡

Сͷ
ҿȡԼ߳õûеݸС
СֽӹȻһ׹Ҳһ¡
ŽεվֱĿı顣



ֻûһѸ߳խнǱ
СʧشԴ

͡
òסЦ

ػġ˰οСӽĽʼ˾ͻһѸصġҿ

СϢƬ̺νʣһһ۵˶Ļ
׻һʮʽСûһһ顣׼࣬壬Ľûжôȴһ

ϸ꣬ЦԤĺ̫࡭СڽϹȻЩֵġʺ£ʲ˲һԵͣܳΪĳ·
Сͷ΢΢¶ϲЦ⣬εضҪȷʲô
ݸûаο㣬˵ʵ

˼ĽвҪˣвľңȰѻ˵岻ôУÿ轣һٱɡ
Сֳһûôԥ̵ͷӦˡ

һٱ飡Ҳ̫˰ɡࡣ
𣿡ɻشҲģÿ轣һʮ飬졣
죿󲻽Ůʱ־Ҳˡ
˵иܸʱÿϰٱһ꣬ѻĥޱʵء

ǰ졣ʦͲˣΪҸݻԴһµĽСǫصʦýȥ˵岻ûˡ
У

ҲģĹҲǶĥʹࡢˮƣÿһǶԵĵĿ顣ķʽģʵЧֳûַʽģֱȥ޺еɽʵսˡ

ЩϸճǧŵĴһһظ֣ӡ½
ЩԭԺбİ±Ϥˡ
˸ࡣ
ʱС£ʱͼ̺ĶǵǶӣڻʹıԼֳ׻׻̻壬һһؽͼϸָĳ
ÿˣͻֱۣ

ĪҪΪʦ
ֳܻΪͿĨ˲˵ҩࡣĥˣҩวƽʹ
С㽫Ҫߵ·ܱŮʶҪѡ̾ϢʱЩҲͲô

̵ʱ̵ͻָºݣϵ˿ڻüۡ

ʦΣҲΪǺ㣬ֲǲʶô˭ĴͯſϿֳ˫ͿҩЩҶʦ𡣡

ֳ˶٣Ƭ̣ʧЦҡͷ㲻

ʱһĲֳΪλЦŶ˵㲻
ʵϣֱҲûס

ع񣬶ӳϣʵС˵ֳ˵Ļʱ࣬ܵĿЩ
Сὣý֣صڵд¹ּлʦ㡣
лصһලÿսˡ

ʱϵȻ΢΢ȡ

ü΢ʶĽͨѶϵ

ɣһؾˡС
Сصͷ

һصңĽ£

Ľʱ磬ʱǽ鱨ʱЩûӪķϻһһ´ڸС
ûʱϵ²ĽͻȻҪ¡

ħˡĽµõϢ񻪶š˶ĻʿԪѾˡ
ˣȵظ
ǣˡĽƽȵһ˿ϲãˣ񻪶޻ʿء

ܺáܺã
ĻȻ

ħϵķħѹΪħԿ׹İѣ񻪶ÿһöԿס

һᣬһѵĻᡣ

񻪶˲Ʋӣ˽ˡĽЦ¶ѾõצһˣҰȥϸ






53.     Сʦֻ

񻪶, 𶯵Ĵ¡

˼գʼûɵ¡һɣ١

ڷϢЦ, ҲĽħ޳롣
ҡҡͷÿɶǵ, ϢǷס𣿡

ڶţڡڡԺ񻪶ǹϵһ, ڲǻʿǵʶԶСɡ

ǰճһͳħ, ΪȻնħ, ֱɱڡ
ǲַĻʿ䡣
񻪶⵹ùַʱһţһȥΧɱΧɱǲһһ, ȫŵЩʿҲ½ľԪ֮¡

ʯԣС
ڽС壬Сûһ͸ΧĹ, Ѿܸضˡ

ѧô졣õؿ, ǰûѧ𣿡
ûѧһֻվСϣϸϸ˵Сؿ, üëЦǳǳ, 򴦵Ļ, ǰરિϣʦ̵úã

Сͻһ, Ѹ˵ѧ͸СС˷ܿ˵ˡ
ȻǸưͣȴܽԼ뷨, ˲١

Ҫ˶þܳˡһöӷϡ

ʦˣôᳬʦ㣿ﴫСȴ촽
ҵֻͨڷ˽ʱû壬ڣ巴ˣΪͣƬ̣˵ٶǰǶʱ⣬壬ܹǼ˼¡
СͷرQߴߴвͣ
СץģؿĿڣʦ㣬Ϊʲôôûа취һЩ

԰ɵˣֲǻģΪʲôֱֽأƵض

̿ķ顢˼ᴫݵϣ㿪˵죬ľԵûãľͻᰲᡣĵĳ뷨ʮǿң˵ֱӽ뷨˵

Сһʱ̵ա
ĻϴߴҽΪݵϣ

СĺȻ㶵ðһ䣺ö

С

ȵȣİȫݶ

ǧʦ֪ҡʱ첹
Ȼû˵꣬С;ʧж˺ķӡ

ɫŹ֡

С͵ı顣

һº͵ܿ˵ˣʱ㲻˵ڵĻԲ˵ⷨոռٿزġ
СؿĬһȻĿڣллʦ㣬ˡ

Ǽ塣ˡ

С˿ӡ

ͻȻܿƵðһ䣺ʦ壬ϲ

ΪκȻоܲˬ

궯ƶͼתע
֪񻪶ˣû
֪£ֳ˼䡣

ĽͶ֪ˡôȥ񻪶쾹ҲûһܹһڵĴܣһֱһ֮¡Щпɼûˣڵ񻪶Ѳ䱻Ϊһɡ
ĽҲǰ񻪶һűɱˣ˭֪ŵĵǾȻʼȨˡ֮ڶɼѾעҪû䣬ܳŵΪס
֮ǰ񻪶İԣ֪ĶǰĳˣҶûϡ

˶õġһɲĳèˡųʱ䲻¶ɣң񻪶Ҫѡ־档
Ľ˵źѡ֮һǵˣ˼ĵţ񻪶ķħԿ׻᲻ֱӽܣ

ᡣն񻪶ʲôӣʿһ񣬷ħԿ׼Ǳܣصס𣿡

Ҳ¡Ƕ·ԿסֳֺӣСİӱƣҲڻֱջ񻪶ԿףϾڣֻڻƣ»ʿ࣬ڶٵ˥ˡ

תԽĽ˳ɹţǿԳԿסԿչڱܣô
ôǻг䡣һöӣҵӣҵİ֡

ϵľѳɶ֣ӱɱƬײ
Ӯˡ

Ӯˣʦ㡣С峺۾ϵԭ¡
ӮһʱġЦеغСһʰ̣Ӯˣʤߡ

ʦ˵öԡСһһ۵ػش𣬷·Ļ

ͬˡһתС۾
ʱġᣬߵ

Сһ£֮⡣ҧ촽ڰҡҾ߲˶Զ
紦ŻԵܲõĽĻԵ͵ˡΪͨ졢ͬ١¡㲻𣿡ʡ
Щ̫ԶˣԶҿ붼롣С˼ξʦСԺͺˣϲ

츳ȷʵãԽʿ٣ڽʵġ°ͣ̾Ϣ
һԵأһᣬܳΪһܡͬʱкܶСԸԸԵ
˰ɡСϵɤϸҴСͲǺܻܣг˵ĻҴ򲻹ǵġ΢٣˽ܴ

ͨǰСʦȴֻɸ֣ûг徢ģ
ǿˣСΪͨˡ
ûҰģûзâÿռ轣ٱĶ
Ҫǻһˣûڵʵʵһۡ

ĬãЦҲͦõģԸʱˣȥЪϢɡ

áСվֹ֪ʦ츳ǱѰʦδضһɾֻ͡һ۵ӣ˽ɻΪľ˥϶ҺܾúܾǰԼ츳ˡ󡣡

ҪһƶС˷ߵøԶʿǲеΣʦһǺã

šֺסҪ뿪Сҽǰ°ɡ

ʦĻҾͽʵҲûʲôýġС£ǸӼڴַˡһǸӤʱ˶ѩǱ˵ؤҼˣүүҰүүˣڽ˼꣬ڵ˽ҵͣΪһȺСҲȥˡ
ر̣Ҳܿ죬ǲԸǶλҰӣЩõļ䡣
Ȼ͵ڣ
šСϵų򣬡ڣʦʦʶ֣ҳ˱Ȼʦ㡣
Ķ˶֧Դ
ʦĶɻڳҩ԰áҶĽò¡СɬһЦ޼˳ҪҲûʲô׳־ȥʵ֣ͺܺˣϲʦɻ

ģǾٺò

ʦ͸ķ˽ʦҵĺãҶ֪Сޱ֣صʦҪȥʲôҶԸ

СطЪϢˣԺУþԡ

ǲǸϲˣƽһӡ졣
ҲǱĥƽǡˡˡ

ˣĪҪ

ϲȵǾ˳˼ɡָǰ䣬ƽǲֱ浶ɱϢϢҲá
²ۣ˭֪ʲôʱֳָļ䣿
ˡСԴи׿飬Ϊʱҷǲ׿飬ûлϡһͻָˡϱлֻٶȹԭٶȣϻʮҵʱ򳹵׻Ҽ̡
ʱָȵ
˵£ꡣ

ЩҲáҶħе壬ܷʩΪˡ
ʩΪʲôɻˣȡټˣǰ¶𣿡
˲١

ǵʦΪʲôҪֻ·𣿡
ǵʿΪʧܺûûɱ㣬ǰѺħ𣿡

ǵáƵ

Ҫʣȴó˴Ѷ
дɷٴηˣ־壬»Ҫȥ

ƭأ䶼ħˣɷôٷ۵룬϶Сżװ






54.     ʦů

Ƨɽ, ĶѨ

ƽڣȻڶڲԶͣˣ˵Ҳ, ƵĵҩԳԽԽСûκҩѹħɷ, ֻԼȥ棬ȥͺáǲ, »̼, ˡ
áס

, Ĺ߳ƺǡˡȻ֪ħͬһˣֻ, ʶ롣

߶ֵһ붴Ѩϲ쳣

ɷ֮ˡ˿˿Ƶħɷ֮УΪһ塣

źĶѨߣĽԼһ벻ˡԨ
֮Ըе, Ϊû
ħʱԨʮų, Ϊ˲̼ʹħϼԨٳ֡

͸¶, Ԩƽϵ, ûйཻ, Ҳδйͻ
ĳ΢Ͳ˵ľǺرܿԷ

³ɷ䷢, ǰѹĲ嫣Ҳ赣Ԩ, ԨͲò˼ˡ
赻˵ڱչͻƣǰЩӳֻǵǳ״˳ûþͼչˣڽҪͷ׳ءҲڣΪΣǰγ䷢Կصġ

ԾˣΪʲôأ

ǰԨٵһ΢΢£·𲻾ֱӡ
ˡ

Ԩϡ״ĵѨôˣ
Ǳǰȶɷ䡭Ԩ΢٣ǰͺãǸˣ侲
ȶɻԨ
ûԲСԨƺű裬Щ㱾ýӴµѾˡǱĵӣ㣬˽Ӧ
ǣʦ˵䳤ϲˣõӾİæӲὫ֮¶ǰʦֺ嫳ҲЩμģȴ

šԨüۻ̧ͣ׳һöµĺżȻãǳĺɣɵẮѪɷ֮ķãȻɷҲǿǻЩ
ӹϵϸ·һֻչɡȷʵǺļƷ

ơһ۾ͿȽϷ

̫ˣӡƴǡ
ҸİʦűǡԨϵΪŲͶ꣬ҪǵΪʦֵһЩڳɷħԺ˵Ҫõ㡣

Ԩ˵ˣ㲻ԥ

ﰵˬһ벻ΪŲ͵ıһϸ

ԨóһһϻϻʢһյС̵ĵ¯
嫳Ϊ׼İʦǬתС磬Ҳɵһ塣ﱾӦسϵ㣬Ҫ²ת

лϡ֮չ
ȥɣ档Ԩ̧źĶѨ⣬ߵƣҾͻȥ
ǡ͵͵Ӧһ̧Ŵһơ

֮󣬺ʤʮ
ɷ֮ѾΪʵʣıڹѺϣڶڡ
ǰһ֨һڵʢı֮

ȫҶһȫɱѩĶѨ

ʦ㣬ˣϼװĳ̵
񷢹⣬¶õЦݣûɷ䷢ʱʹࡣ

㵹ǵҲ¶ڡɨһۡ
ʦðž޴ػڣҲû¶𣿡ЦеֻҪװ㹻񣬾Ͳ¶ڡ
˵ɡѵûɷ֮ħеħнڵ𣿾û֣ħħ쳣еԨֲᷢ𣿡
ˣΪħˣԨֲħħûô˽⡣赭д˵

СЩɡ֪ң˵İΣҲҪҵĴԽ࣬װɷ䷢ĴԽ࣬Խпܱ¶
ãպȻСġеĻϲ

ʦ㣬ҰýЩòãеؿ
ݵЦЦߵԣ䲢š

СʱÿңͬҲšƵĵ
סˣ㻹ǰʦ㡣ΪΪˡ

˵ģĵ

̫ˣҲÿǵáص£ҼǵñԵЩ治ɫغ
䣬Ȼסˡ

ħĻʿ鰮ꡣĽ֮˶ЦһЦܸһ죬˵˶κĵˡ

ħƵΣתʡ
Ԥ˳öࡣɷڴڶ꣬ƺǱĬĵظıҵʡһ侧Ө͸ıܲٿɷ֮ˡ

е㾪ˡ
ָңҸѸ

ɢȥ˳ӵذֵ˹ȥ
ָⰴעħһ
ĩ˼ɷΪһˣתħҲûųļ󡭡ʦܣ˵ƺħϡ

ѡħǻعˡ;סů֣޹ЦᶳʦѾˡ
ᡣЦؿ
ǡʦůů֣˵׾ӵĻԣҾҵ廹ûȫӦɷ䣬һ䡣
Ұů֣Ͳˣסơ
ǲˡ京ص

ͷϣ˯ǰ۽΢

ĶȥˣΪβ㣿ʡ
š¡۾񻪶ʦǰȥ䡣ڽյϢһ¾񻪶ѡȷٽѸ¡
˵ôڣԭżȥ񻪶ְһħԿ׹أ
δȷҡҡͷʦֵ˼Ҫչڱܡ

Ǿȹ۲Űɡ

סȻһ¡
ôˣɻؿ
ʦ㡭ڷ˽ѾϷϵˣ𣿡ʡ
ǡش
ֲʦ˵֮ºȡʦҲĽˣ
ˡ

ŴĬ

ĵضųı飬Ҫ˵ʲô
ΪǰԴˣˣСۣ˵Ļȴֻһķϼʱ⣬Ҳṵ̂ﵽʦ㣬ûĽϷɶʦİ࡭ҡЦһǶģʦ

԰һֱԹ۵İﷸֹһôͻȻʶˣ

Źֵؿų䣬ǵôܰҵĵطҲ٣òŹڻ
õĿοЦˡ
ٵȵȣʦ㡣ܿ졭ܿҾܶȡڵԿˡ

ҪС˳ë̵ظ䴹µķ˿ϷɺĽһж

ãȫƾʦ㰲š

ͣƬ̣Ȼȥɱ赣Σ񻪶֮ѾˣǲһЩ

üĺۣƽȴ˵ëȻĻ
ֱ˿̲һĶħʿһİĽʦСʦܡѱʧصħٿأʲôó

ɱ˭УֻҪǵˡЦ

һ׽С
۾߳
󣬡һ

ˣӡ
ʦ֪ҲǺӾˡ䰲ĵ




55.     ǲɱ

ʱ, ߳ƽĶѨ

Ԩ͵ȷʵã֮ɷ·, ޷ֺ

Ԩڶ⣬վű
, ˵ʲôһԵıȴæǰȥϵĺ, ΢, ʦ
ɷ̫֮Ҳǲõġе, ˣ
Ԩ𴽣
䳤˯ˣӦް˰ɡȷ, Ҹ˵û仰Ͱˡ

˱áԨӿڵȥΪһȻʹͽȥɡ
, ȥݸһ, æ򿪽ƽ붴Ѩ

ʣԨˡ
Ƭ̣, һ, ɷ񡭡
ʰɡԨ, ӵؿ
ʲôʳ£ѾҪԽˣȥǸʶȤϻ۵, £Ӧ֪ԽԽá
ʣˣ
Ԩ⧲סˡ
ոѾЪ²е˼, δʼ䣬Լļ硣

ʱʦʦңΪʿ뷲˽޹ϸˣҶʱ룬ʼշŲ½ܰСˣʵף׹ݻضǰΡ䣬ܿĻǰա֪Լδϣʵ׷ʣɡ
ԨĬţˡ֮顣
һʶħǽȻͬˣòƣ鲻ͬ

źκǰŮˣϤݣһ˲оԼľǰδеԶǰδеĽ
ԶΪԨޱʵʶħҲڴˣýΪʵ̫ˣĳЩʱĻһִ·վǰĲʲô裬ˡ

Ԩ˶񣬻شʱǣ㸸δ˻һʱ䡣
лϸ֪¶ϲ֮ɫʵǰʦֻʦ𲻳ȥ˽磬ڽ˽⣬ðˡ
ǣĹ磬ľһشΪ˽£˼;ϡԨ˵Ǹ츳ĺӣ˵ЩӦס
񣺡ӽ̻塣

ϷҲ̫ȫˡ²ۡ
ԨҲᱻƭ

ʱμԼ裬ʮֻݣû¶ڵʱ
չ¶Լ롰ħĲͬ嫻Ԩֻ赣Ǿδ˿쳣

ڴ׵Щϴ㵡𾪡ŵı顣
붼ޱȿ

ʱʹӶѨˡ
Ҹ䳤ϷҩûʲôˣֻҪϢһµ񡣡
ûˣžͺáԨ˱һۣȥɡ
볤ʱѶҡ

ɽ塣

·ϣ¸Ƶˣ嫳ûس䣬ȥˡ
񻪶졣֪¡
ǴˡЦ
赣ڱչ𣿡
ǡصڣѱչˡ

ʿչزǳе£⼸ڵ嫴ΪģǱչ׼ͻƣʱȥҲнˡ
αչٲͻʧˡ

һ˼˴㡣
Ĭ뷨˷ܵҪˣ𣿡
ţǵġƽȵ
̲סЦһͱ㿴𣿳Ů˵ӵɽҽء
ʲǶ֡óҪΪҷˣܲʣ
죬ǱȽϷ㡣
ֻ֣ȽҲҪ޷ͷ΢Ц㶮ҵ˼𣿰

Ȼˡ
﷢ë
˼Ҫóִյ֣ħϣڳħĵ·ߵøԶ
ħͨԵġΪħ

ţüͷһ壬еԶ
ôˣˡĶѯʡ
㣬һض򿪾ҵĽƺ̡Ը
̴߶ΪظϣҵĶȽϽ˲ȥҵĶ
áס
ŵʣʲôˣô
ɫش˽ӽħıˣҵÿع顣

˭ૡ
˭Ȼҵĺʦ֡

һľңʹ˽̣ϥʩչĻת

ת˲侰任

Ϥ˵ųתð˳

ص㡤ħ֮ǰĽƱӹˡ

۾е⡣
ھħͽ֮Һһּӹ̷ӡ

ϯضħұڣᷳ˦һ±ħֱۡ
ײʱ
ħϵķɢϸĽ⣬ħѹƵζĲܣѾǸʱһ֪Сˣָ䣬Ҳ֪ʶ
ΪԼ˽⣬ŸѹƵĸоħεסڵħ򵥵Ҳ졣

ص˼ϢȻħűˣĹһӴ˽

ϤӰվš

ʦ֣ϴμҲûãȻôʦˣ

˽ħպϡ

Ĭؿ
ͷЦ˲£мܲס𣿲Ȼħܣ
µú׼
飬˽㣬һ˽ҡЦ
Ҳ˽㣬˽Ҷ˽㡣ǰϥ£ͬƽӡ

ؿ嫣ƣҪ𣿡ϸ룬һϥ̸ʲôʱ򣿡
ٶǰ㻹ûħʱ򡣡ѹ﷭ӿ

֪ҲΪɣ¾ֱ˵ɣ˷ѱ˴ʱ䡣̫ˣһǺԸ˵˵ġ

ʦùϵܣֻʣһ䡰˷ѱ˴ʱ䡱

ʱ淢˲£Ծžȥ嫵ȥ˽ڻҵһòƣΪϵŮ
Ŷǿҵǵļƻʧˡɫϲŭ
ǣǹȻµĺ֡嫵˵Խûκθ顣ҺɻʱΪר̻һ˽ϧķΪΪԭѾˡ
ӹ˵Ҳˣʦ֡޵

ʵϣǴλȥֹ˹ˣڻʼ顣
嫾õĵ鷢ǰߣδֺߡ

Ϊʲô㵽н죿㵽Ҫǣ
٣һȻڷͨϾĽգȴʮ١㲻һᱻѺħ㵽ҿܻشصòޣôбҪˡ

µĺ𣿡ʡ
˭ɻطʡ
幫ǸòϵŮ嫵
˵ȷʵô֡ЦŽͣѪߵӵӦ֡ڻ壬㸲ѪϾֶɽʧ٣ûѪǿԶˡûϵ뵽˸ð취ӹˣȷϢһֱʢҾͲûкʵˡ
˵裬Ҿǣĺܶ˶ҵıǡҲŵȣӦҵ϶ߵģһ֡

ԭΪ˷ʲôó嫵Ҫȫĺ֣Ҫɱ壬ҪɱˣɢʱǿݹͿ̿϶ǻΪ޹ĽͶҲ֮С
ǡĵ

ĸ壬ȴǣת䡣
Ҳ˹ˣý귱ٲʢս֮ࡣȻǸԻһǣʢ̫ƽϧӵ֮Ҫˣʱ䣬Ǹˡ

ôҪҪһСɬȻ

Ҫ𣿡ЦʣҪΪʲôЩνܳٳٲɱң
ǺҺ޵µҵ־ͻǲҶңǲóҶٵʱɱҡ
ֻΪǴ˽ΨһһŷܵˡɱңǾͲܷˡ






56.     ӮǸ

ľĬ
۽, 촽

ʲôҪʦ֣һˣֳ°Ϳ
嫻̧ͷ, Ӵһ㶡
вѪ˿ԣʤһ, ҲʿͬˡȻҶ, ŰʦúʤһСɷ, ҲҪߵȫ

ע嫵ݡ֮˴òפ, ôȥˣʦö˵òһǵű˴Ϥӡ

׷һ, ˵Ҽǵʱ״ӣڵġʦʦڶ࣬ȥ桭
ǣŴ, ͬŶʦ֡еʦʦ, 鷳ġɤͳ, һжˡ
ʱ, ʦԸʮֿɿ, ǷĽáʱգʦȻԸ, 塣ЦЦʦΪҲͣʦҵĲǡ
ĮȻǰ, Ұڣ˵ЩĻ㱻δҷˣһ֪˵ÿһ仰ǳġ

ʦֺ𣿡ü
Ĵ㣬ȴš֪еĻʹжһûܽ;ʹҷĿյ򡣡嫵Ҵδڶ㸶ġδ

ʱǰڣ嫵Ļһù˵˵ƣҲһŮħͷԻͷĵù

ʱ飬ײϡʱ־ûô顣㱻ֳ磬ħҲһͬħиģںʦ𡣡
伸ȥ׷㣬Ҳδʹɱ֡Χɱʱŵʿɱ˲٣Ļʿȴٵġʦã㵱𣿡

ҡͷ飿޵ֲ˽飬ħͷ顣ֻҵġ顯ʦġ顯вСĲˡ
ã顣΢΢̧ͷض˫ʵ㵱滹һ˿˿ľ飬Ǿ͸Ϊζħ

ʼ嫵һʣ˼ʼҲ𰸣Ҳûи߹𰸡

͸߹ԭˣʦ֣ԼûסһУΪ˷
嫶ӣ΢΢һЦ
ħ꣬־ûбĥһΪҰĵĻȼա
ǵĲͬˣʦֿΪҾΪʵǴѡһ·

¾ΪУ嫵
ѾΪСӦҲڣ޾塣

ǱͻʹˣƫͷܿĿ⡣

Ǻܾúܾû˵Ļˡ
ûе򣬿Ļƺȵӷܽ˴̵ñˡ

Ψʣ¿ɬ
ƣ

Ҫ뿪ʦ֣ϧΪһħʵ̫ˣҼʮ궼һܸ˵һ仰
嫿һۣӦ

״ͻȻġ
뿴̼һ嫣ʲô¡

ʦ֣Ϊβɱңڡ

Ȼס

ʿɱΪ˴ҿл÷ܣ㲻ںɲΪβɱңЦУɱңǾͲĵˣɱңӴ̫ƽɱңòȻʿҲΪ˻÷໥ͷѪˡ
ɱһˣ츣ȫ硣ʦֺβΪ´ף

˲ʧȥеƣŭһһڱ𣿡

ΣĽǲֻ½һֵģһбĺ֣Ÿ޼ɵҡɱ㣬ƶҹ겻֣˵Ȿƻһɱ㣬ʲôĿģ

Ҳĵ嫽ָ侲ħǶĳͷڴ˴óˣҲ֦ɱ㡣

͵˵ˣ㲻ҡ
ҲңŭЦ㵱Ҳ֪ѽǵ鵽ǰ֪ڡֳ֮Ҫɱ̫ϳƕǣΪ˱֮£ҲΪ˴ƼҴתֻزݡתֻزݣôɲݱɴֻأЯתޡɲݣҪôˣҪôˡ
ãҲܻڣˣɱ㣬ÿֻأħħֽճɨƽ硣

һҲֳ֪˭˾תֻزݣһһݿܶɱҡ㱻ħƣɱҲɱ㣬Ȼ뿪ħ

Ŷָޱߵķ˿ʼ˼
ûлָתֻزصļ䣬￴תֻزݵļء
ʱ㻳ɣֳܴ֮Ƴֻ·Ϊɲݡ
嫵Ļӡ֤Ĳ²⣬ֳпǷ˾תֻزݡ

뵽ϴħ̸ΪִŵΪֳˡ
תֻزݣɲǽһ
嫲ҶǶ֮һĿԣ²ɲݱֳã֤ݣδۼֳҲֳ֪ɱϢǴԻʵֳǷǷתǴɵġ
ҲҶɲݡΪ˷ֶΣѱ֡һɱת㼫Ϊˡ

Ȼʦ֣˼ȫͷתʵþˣʦܸܲ涼ʲô£˵ڴ˴óҲû꣬˵˵Ҳ޷ɣ

Ҳٸ˵κζˣ嫳
װ̾ϢҲſʦ壬תͷͱˡ

תҴǰ㣬һ䡮޻˵ڻҶ˵仰
Ǽ䣬Ѿûʲô˵ˡ

㲻˵ǾҲ²¡ϴңΪħƷ⣬ϴΪҴ˷ħѹÿζΪһǰħ鿴˼Ҳвõ·ˣܲ»棬пܻ˵Ķ𣿡
롭ҵĺ¶ʲôʣ

嫱ûκβ㵹ǻ£ϧûһǲ¶Եġ㣬ֻΪŪࡣ

ѡƮƮط
嫲ͣ͡
𴽽ǣ˵ˣ˽㡣ûѣῴʲôûֳҲܸоû˵ʵҪӲϺûõģɴسϲ𣿡

嫾þòԡ

ӮǸʦáĩˣ

ٲ뿪
뿪ʱľʱľ
Ųأ·ǧ

㲻ҵģң֤סˡ

ϧϣǺѳס






57.     ʦ㵹

ص⻯֮ڡ
һ˫Ŀ, ͼ͵ʵ̸ʲôû쳣ɣ

ûʲô˵°ˡҵĺʦְ಻סˣڵľе㳬Ŀơ˼
˼Ѿ˵ز𣿽һ񻪶, ˲
ʱͬգڶ˲Ʋӵľ, һ˱ɱıɱ, ȴûɳ, 嫼ˡ, ҼǵʱмλŷͷʢΪһ, 츳ĺж٣ڵĳǿһڱڡ
ҡͷЦһм֮Ա

šʱܾùŹ֡
κǰȻʧɫڳܵ佱ΪףϾ綼ûʲôŽ

񻪶֮Ϣų, ˡ, .ر¶ޱȵʵЦеض԰֪, ڵĲħ, ĶšռĴ󲿷Դ, ֮һۿҪˣռݵԴᱻһϷ֡
, ʱкϷԹˡ

һ֪ëˡ
ù㷺ԹϿϷ֮һʱ³һǷ, ̵ְ

ָ̧ƽ·ϵ壬뿪˱ľҡ

ھſغ
˿ɻб½Ҫ죿
һҩϴθЩѾˡڷԸ

˵ҪϰǱҪʵж˵伮ñҩʼ
ȻڵҲй˵츳ֻ˼ξѵĻѵҩȣһ¯߹һ¯˶ֱ̬

ǰʱΪУûôҪġֻ谲ݷԵĽԤԼҪæˡ
ѹħָյ̫ƽȻ̫ƽˣʱ½ˡ

صԼĶʱСڴɨԺӡ
ѧ˾һȥɨܴһƬʡ˲ٹ

һСϵСı㻶õһ£ûû˵Уʦˣʦˣʦˣ
Сյץסͣģ޴ؿ˫ҪȻʲô
ֻСĻƶظʦˡ仰ۡ

һۣûסЦ
ôĻ𣿡
Сص˵ͷץסڵСġ

õģһ޺áСнӹֻڲ߶ʦˡģжȥڲߴҽˣ徲˲١

Ū£ľͻָ
ͷԵطɻСϣſ죺ҲСĵڵϣˤˡСεؿԺСĵرġ
ѣ⣬Ҳ޷ôңû˻С
С¶Цݣллʦ㡣

Ȼطʱͽҡ
ãʦȥæɡС߽

ӵķűպϣСϲŸֳɺı顣

ʼʦ㽻ܸ˵ķʱ˵ǣڷϿģöаˡ
Ǹոĳ˹ϣʦ׾ٵؾ޺
ѧĵʱҲô˽ˣ

Сվԭس˼
ԼָоʦԶֳǰ򵥡ָоͳˣͻȻڵʱֱ
Ķֱۣԡ

С˫΢գûԥþ;ɻѹĵס
ʦܺãȥʦʲôԾĵطҲΪװ



ľ򿪽ϵĽ

ͨѶһ˲䣬Ľ㴫˳ħˣкηԸ
ȥˡбھϡ
ĽЩĻЧڳ𣿡
ǣĻЧܺãƴӡҴ˷㣬֪㰲񻪶ϸмɰյű
㣬ɡʵ񻪶лϾľǰŵĳӡˮҵϸôѾڻ㹻ҲиİˡĽڿҪҪɱˮ

˰̫ѨҲҪ
ˮˣ˭Ǽȵߣ˭Ϊɶͨϸ˱ˣЩòϸλϸܻ٣ǻݷһɧ
Ҳڹ˼һ㡣Ľ

ҲбķӡתǸлϾϸˮϵΣ
лϾһֱֵø壬ãˮлϾĽħҪô£

лϾˮƷ¾ͽҡ
Ľһϲѿڶ˿
СĽһ¾ͲµˡЦҳ꣬Ƴ˿㵲ǵ·ˡ˿ϸʲôֱ𣿷Ȩһҵˡ

ħ˵ʵѾָ˿ԪӤʿĵز𣿡Ľϲ
ش𣺡˿ҪʩߵʶΪǴҪġ㵹ң⻯ΪѾ㹻ˣܿܽᵤɾħҪ

Ȼô죡ĽϲħΪҽͶǰڣһΪ
ţһ¡Ҵóɱ˳赡赭д
ĽͣƬ̣ҪҾƣҪҲ˿
ɡ̵ص赺ΪԪӤлϾͬôǸ񡣳䲻ѣһֱҪأƺʬԪƿܡ

ɱȻʹǵܽȫôǻõ洦ɻࡣĽϸϸ˼ɱжһΣһˣһ©᲻صˣ˸Сۣ˵ҩҲ¶ˣûҲȥҲӰա
γ䣬͵Ϯ֣һӦֶѹսپԱԪĻᣬȫʬħ˿ˡ

㣿ͳ֣кܴʡָ棬Ǿһ˰ɣһΪһΪɱ赡

Ľ֣أºܿȥħᡣ

ͨѶ

²û뵽ȻͬĽ飬ѳ˿Ǹ⣬ϲ˵ûѻʿƳ˿˿Ƶס𣿡
ǰûʱ䳢ԣлˣȻҪԡ㲻زģзִ硣

Ϊս컨壬Ȼʮġ
˵УǾһԡ
ĽȻһָּͬƲߣİ嶨ʲô£ĽԲΥᾡľذá
Ҫǳ赾ͱ



ʵ֤ĽȻЧʼߡ
֪ܿǱڡ

ʱСչԺԵĽƺȻˡ

Сæ»ǰȥ鿴˽ƣǰվŵһ۵ӡ

һöٸɾüĿ㣬һСЦá
֮ΪʦһЩõĲϡ

СȻüֻΪ۳İΪĪöԷʸĳЩͻϸƷ˵ﲻԾ

СϵĿˣԵȣȥһʦ㡣
˵ȳ˳Ű뿪Ĵ϶ɵڡ

΢ЦԺȺϲ˿ͷ
µشС

е֡Сеز

ûã˳
һ۾Цһ·ˡ
Ϊʦ£ࣿ۵Цʵ⣬˵ĻҲС

̸ɡ
С֦޼ˣȻҲͦõģҪ۵ˡ

С˶٣ϵĲ֪ΪοžήһЩǡ

۵Ӹȥڣǰ޵ĿٴοСһۡ

һڣ㿪硣
۵ժţٻز˱仯ݱ˫˵ĸоҲȫͬˡ

Ľħˡαװ𴽽ǡ

СĽȤ˵ҵһμ㴩ء

һ죺ǣǰÿγֲǴϾ½õСδȴǻ˵۵ӷΣʵʵܲ𣿡

ħϲ𣿡Ľһ䣬ȻϵĲϸΪʦ㵹衣

ȻԳƵӣʦ㣿
÷˸ۣĵȻ

˹Ȼˣ






58.  Ľ   ֻ

ʦĶһۡ

۵и֡Ľ

ֻ, еġȡʫĽЦòã̷ʦˣޱ, ʦ࡭ϧ

ĽԼȡļһûȥ
Ľ, һ⡰ָ˭ѽ, Ȼ

Ľ, 첻һӻˮ, Щϲ̨С˼
㻹סⱡĵŮ𣿵ˣָͰ㶪ĸ߽߱ǽǵĵط, ס

ܻҲᣬСƼˡ

ĽʦĶ̶̼գ㽫ͷĴ󲿷ֻˡ
Сʵ΢÷ɨԺӶҪɨ죬Ľ, ֻһ, ԺӱɸɾȾĽرɫʦһԺ, ֽ赹ˮ, ǰܺ, ʦ㳤ʦ̵ġ
СĻˣֻܴɵɵվ, ˭Ϊ첻ֽŻأ

ĽΨһûߵĻ
СӶݵĹ۲е֪ĽͲ
һС߽˳Ųһӣͻͷشӳ˳, Ľǰﵹæѳˡ
Спο٣ϲǲɱȡģʦϲķ

С֪Ľǹʦǰȥעװƣװûһ㡣Ϊ쵽ĽΪʦĬġ
ĽΧתһֻ䲢ᷳ߷ĺ
ʦϾʱżĽļ䣬ĽʶȤĬͰü䡣
ÿʱСԼ챿˵ĻҲЦûĽǰʦ㿪ĵЦ

Ȼ쵽Сĵ䡣
һ΢º͵ֻԼϲͶˡ
СǱصͷ̧ʱɫ졣

ܾԼĵλͱǲһŲ֪ӺζҴû˹
оʱĵ׸֣٣޸ĸƼ

ҲĲһСĬĬ룬뿴˲޷ֱһҹĶΪͨ磿

뻼ûʧСͬĽæġ
С£Ľ޵òһأûлشĽ֪Ȥزˡ

Ǹɫˡ
ԭΪСΪиǲ͸СèСûʲô𣬿Ǵ̬ȿ²վסŵġ
ûŪèŪССЦĳЦҲûСɹˣ֮֮ȥ
һʲôͱضҪ֣Ѵ˶ϺĽԼƤҶۣˣҲóӸµ̬Ⱥλߵ̬Ū

Ľľٶ޲˵ԴԼ

Ľܺ棬ĺܺ档
һΪ΢ۺεºۡ

Ĺ۲գҲû۲Ȼ
ǸС۷Ǹͨͨˡ

ˣħôһԼĳıĽЩʣѼصúܺãҲκγ£

ĽǱڵĵգڵȵˡ

ǰɷ䷢Ƶ嫺Ԩעٴȥ񻪶죬Ԩ䲡ȶҲһͬȥˣĻᡣ

ڻƧĺɽ档

һ¶棬̧˼ģ΢΢˸û֮С
о´ķģɷΧգ޷̽飬޷ӳǻڵʿҲٱ֮סһʱ䡣΢΢Цʦ㣬ҵķЩн
츳˽ġһָķȷʵ١

ĽЦǰһ
ɫ̱粻ˣһħüΪһĨа졣
ǣ㣬Ľ任ǿѹ궯ĽƬĳ嶯¶һһ䵭ı飬̸°ɡ

ϡīϿֵİص˾Ȼû̺ݻҲûϲɺء

ǸЧʵˣ°ˣèЦ
˽Լʦ㣬ڹϼĽֻãǸԵĺӡ
ĽͬҪȻҲÿڻ㱨֮ٿʼᡣ

ڳ˴ղĬ̸ˡ¡

ڱȽ˽⣬ΪʱֱȽϺʣĽϹżЦ¹ؿڵ
Σˡ
Ľüͷ᲻е̫żҪһһ־;ó赻
Ҹô˵ȻԼİաԨ嫶ڣ񻪶£ڵĻʿһǶôǧѷĻ᣿ᣬҪȶòܵȵһͬʱ뿪ڣ

Ľüͷչе

͡
شЦ㿴ı顭

ĽĳƺһӴӡˡ֡
ԱŤɱһй¶˳ٺһ䣬ҾеͷΪ𣿡

ðˡĽ΢Ц

ˡ

ɱй˸ɾĽҲ΢

˶٣ҴķģԸԸ赡Ƚ赱չصĶģɾ裬ų͵Ϯͬʱ·ķֹѣȻĽһͬɱ
赱չڽҪͷɣ֪֪񻪶췢£Ľʡ
֪ʦûκ˸޷ɹͻơҿģģû֡

ãһӦһʧˡĽЦһ㣬ĿǰмλʿЩ˼ǧĻʿʣˣ
ŴоԶڲһЩϹڲܷĽգǧȴֻڴ˽磬ػš
ˡش𣬡лߵͷҪˡǲصĴ˷жᱻǼϹûǸһ;ֻʦ㡣
ڵʢһɣ֮סʿɺᡣĽƳƷ
ڴǰ˵Ҳʮλ񣬿ϧǲۣײĽϣһغˡ

Ƶظϰαװɵīûֱ

ȻƻⶨˣǱȥɡ΢΢һЦͣɱˣǵðʬҪһ꣬ҪԱ
Ľ񣺡
Цһ£ʦԵƬ̣ҺܿͰѳɱˣ㡣






59.  Ը   ħ޷

Ľһɱȥˡ
ɽž, ̧īΪͨڵĳ, ɻضڡ

صųʶһɨСѾ˯ˡ
ת뾲, ̸̽Ȼָһ, õɽͼӵڷɳ, аֱۡ

ֻ顣
谵ľұɢʵˡ

ҪʲôҲĵˡ
Υػ, ؿ

ۣȻЦһû㻯ˣе㲻ϰߡ

Ųӵڻʿ̫, Ҷ¶ͷ±Ƿ֣

ΪʱīͫòĽҲ԰ײԨò, ԨŮ, üȴ
֮ԭеģΪ, ɷ񲻼
ħ, µһ顣

ط, òѪ, áЦԺҪɱˡ
ȷʵδսˡ
˵, ܻɨǧĸоÿɱһˣħϵɷһ֣ħɷǿҵѹƱҪ
֮á

ڻҪȴ赵¡
չɽͼ֮ǧ졣

һɫɽͼзӶ˫Ŀʵɫɵվϡ

顤졿죬˫Ŀǧ֮ĩѲ飬

ϹѪһ˫۾ܿǧ֮ľ󡣶ɽͼ챻ȥʱΪеͣҪǧ֮ʮǿʹҲܸṩ൱ˡ
Ϊץ죬Ҫɽһ飬ֻëʵ̫ˣҲѸٶߡʤһץĻǷɽͼڡ

ڳϸһصķģƾӦ䷽λϣұܿ˿ڸʲôټ飬ⷢһжᱻþֳת顣
ɫƮ潥֡

ȵؿų͵ô
һżѧʣʦҲֻ«ưȴܰѷǵͽ׵ķģҲĥá

þڵĶѨǰߡ
֮˶ĿΪﵽһȻںڰԶѨڲδơ

Ѩľͷǳ赵ıչ֮
仺ǰߵơ
ڽֹͬʱһɫķĴзɳӡ϶ڣת˲䣬⴦չ֮ķȫ޷̽顢ȫֹ

ʦܣôˡ赻Ϣ˫ۡ
δҲδѾ˷ġ
ķɣ޳ҡ赲Ʒټ̫γˣ˲δ

ɷˣ´Ϊμ㣬ϵɷ֮ˣ
ɫ԰׵ЦЦǰոַˣɷ֮һЩ

赵˷ʲôҪ𣿡
ֱչˣƿɶ
΢΢һЦʮյٸһЩʱ䣬Ҳձͻơ
ϲˡ̾ȻҲˣЩʱղǺ̫ƽΪҲûްұôչأ桭

üʲôˣħж𣿡
һ嫶Ȼܴ֪ͻƵĽҪͷ̬򲻻չء
ͻȻΪʶǲĺڲ߻ʲôı

ںδֵ
¶ڹܣ伫ٲ񣬴ʱ緢ʣһ֪ͨӦ嫲Ŷԡ

ʦֺԨ񻪶졣۲赵ı顣
񻪶죿һ㶡
ʦֺԨڣʣµļλڱأŲأֻչˡ仺ʱأš

׷˺£ɫ
ĪҪϢӰͻƣ̵֮һ񻪶ˣʦżҴҵڡ
ˣɫһӱѿˣվĴҴҵߣ񻪶еķħԿα𣿡
ʦȥҪ¡ĪţһյһϢ

£赽Ųס
ʹڵһλҲڲú䡣
ʲô赾˭ᣬԪδԺʮǰջţһ֮䣿⣬⵽ħ޷

ħ޷˵仰ͬʱħ˲ӡ
ֻƣħֱۣӻڳϴ
赺޷㱻ײ϶ڣһѪ

ͨᵱȻʿƾݵӲдʱ˵ҩҲܱס
ϳѪµѪһ㱻˱
һƣԼɷ֮˳ڡɷΪԽԽǿֱڣʿҲܲסǹɷ֮

赱Ͼǵ֮ǿվ齣УĽк
䣡㡭ҧ仰û˵еղزһ¡

һ֧̾µѴŤзƻʵش飬ٴοѪ齣ˤڵء
Ľˣ赵Ѩλ׷ľֹת

Ľ赿ˡ

ĽݵվֱˣĴкδΪûʲô

赵ڵϣʧȥ

ڵһλħ޷λڳ赡ɫƵ·˵ʲôԼɵ¡
ЦЦҸˣ

˫Ŀ󣺡ħˣ

ǰеʦԸԭҡǸضԳ赵ͷǸˣ
֪ڸʲô𣿡赾ҵؿԣѪ˳ָ£䣡ڵĳϣɵڲɶõĻʿôܶħ

֪Լ˭ѡָΪʣд¹ӵķģ˸εؽס赡

ĽƵЦµؿһĻ
ͬŷĿУͲҾǻá

ضų䣺˿̱ħƣѹԼɹʲôûѰɣ䣡ħԿ꣬Ѳħ
֪һҴʦͻԶȥˡ

ѹĻΪ赱ѹƵöá

ΣΣʦ֯͵ģΪҶ֯ġźɫħĸԸ






60.     ֮ȫ֮

Ҹħ˴, Ժ㵽Ľ

ħ׻

䲻ͬĽйཻҲû赡԰׵ָɫ˿ߴָ, פڰУɫ˿ɸӵķ׭
ָһ, ׭ವû赵ڡ

кãĽʡ
ȡӡߵ, ҪʱԱ, ҲֹܷΪɱĮȻ
Ľü, ̽ͬô飿ͳм꽻˰ɣ

ؿһۣеɱ⼸Ҫ
ͿĽ˳ۣ޲ó֮졣ԸΪ, ĽֻĽܰ߳ħ

ʦ뿪ħҪ£ԵһжҪ

ħħɫҰֽţ, ܸ

ֲԤ, 뵽಻Ծĵط
ʱ֮ˣĽôǱŵģǳڰбڰ̤, Ľôϵϲչģ
־־, ڳı, ־ǸĻ±ؽħȻܲٿؾƵŮˡ

, һϸૣ˭˭

Ľڳ赵ѣתͷԳȻֻͦϧ, һ

䣡赻Ȼ̧ͷضųڵͫң˭

ǣûõģ֪ĲࡣĽЦ⣬ң˵װ׵ȥ

赲ϿѪĽ̬òֱһпʵҵķѾӳˡ
ħԿ׻úõģģǰħƷ⣬ȥ̽

ȵȣħƷ⣿
ԼץסʲôҪħƷֱӷȥķ˽磬ǰ˽׷£òһģһĽ
ҲǴʱ𣬳ħͻȻɷҲصһʰĵز

ǰһڣһˣȻ׹ڷһ
һܻɾʹ˸Ĵ

ԭȻ起ָѣǸ֡

裡

˵Ǹֺ󣬳̧ͷĽҲ΢ı仯

飬赱ƶˡ

˱֡Ҳ¶𣿡۾ҿЦ


ĶѨͻȻһŮ
˱֣Ϊˡ

Ѩ֪δɢĹ⻪ˡ
ɽͼһһͨ޳޻Ժڰ߳ԳЦЦټķĶһΣš

ͷ­ϵĶǣصɽͼڴ

顤ԡޣ̫鴩ռ츳ͨһɻ

ΪľԴɽͼٻԽԽ飬ȫǣʹÿǰĴ󲿷ʵѰʿҲκβá

ʦ㡣ħƵһЩ¶ȡ
ĽҲħˡ

òǶһ
˿̵һϮ£ڵӷΣ赿һ·̲סһѪ

ôˣʦ㣿ߵǰ˼Ƭ̣ǿҵĴҲԣϾѲ֮ˡ
Ȼ㣡ǰ󷢺ڡ

ţҡüչ죬ңҲҡ

ƹأѨλĽס޷תҪʧȥʶˡ
ȥʲôҲڲúȥ

ʦ㻹ʲôʵ𣿡ҿװ׵

ĽҲ˵仰
赲ʹأǻѪζܽϢ
Ϊ޷תĽꡣ
ڣʿ꾭׽ٴѾ㹻㹻ǿ壬ԵȻһ

˼˴ԥüһ˿⣬óĽɾ֮Ȼͷꡣ
͸Ļ廯ΪʸԼٶѨӡ

ĽѸٷӦȴ侲̧֡
ʱķͬڣ˷ףѱ޵޴ӡ

赵Ļ岻ϳϣȻϷֺ
ؿһĻ

ĽǻͷĵһʱҪӲȥǻɥʧܻˡ
һϢ֮䣬˾ϡ
ԸԱ壬ҲԸԼ䵽

ڵ겨Ȼǿʢתˣ޷˵ײ
֪Լǿ޷³Ľλ񣬵Ǳʱ¶ΪҲлɱ

ĽһǰħСģԱ

޷˵ͬʱüֽͬɫĹâ
ȳǿѹ񱩵ӿѹռ䣬Ѩʮֿ¶Ľоˡӵ

ѹױȵġơ롰վ߾Ҫķȫˡ
Ľɫ԰ףԾͣ٣ҲûõȥϵħٿȻûħȻֱѹƻڡ

գʶΪ֣赵Ļץ

起ͼԱȻԶʤôҲ˻

˸У⻯ΪͣǿȻȫʢʱ֮ϡǰ¶ͬ
Ϊʲô˽޷ɽ٣ʿΪ߱ǻҽΪΪʲô起ŭ
Ϊصľˣ赵ѧ·ĺͯԱҲԶ˺

˭˵Ҹһǻˣطʣʦ㣬ˣҶ˽٣һ

㣡𺳵ؿ
ششɶɹ١ЦڣˣҲʲôǧΨһһͻɽڵʿֻڴ˽粻÷Ҳܵ˷ѹơңøеҲǡЩ԰ʦ㣬ޡ

赴϶㻹ԥɱ𣿡
ʦ㲻ͬҿšд
ʱͬˮҺ飬ΪҴǰܰĲ⡣
ˣѡɱˣĳЩ󷢴ȱطŹĳЩϾɱ

ھѾԵͣʱɱɡ˵ˣװ׵Ǿ͸Եɰɡ˶٣Ҫɱ㣬Ϊĸסڵǰɽ

赻һ˲ˡ
ںɱĵһгɽɱ֮𲻹죬˳ʹ

㸸ңҾɱȻɱһɽͷŭҽɱͬıʱ̫ϳϺλ³ϣԺš񻪶ԼһЩͬµġʿ
ԭĿЩˣɱ֮ڲģɻʿ׷ɱңǷʤ׷ɱҵģҾͰǶɱˡ

˽ңҲʲôˣĵвͨծӳ仰ҵʮ֮ͬ̾ȫ֮򡣡

˵ѣ赼ɬ
̯֣ˣбҪƭ𣿡

赾ɲ
ûʱٳʵ벻ͨ׳ɽΪʲôҪŵʱ綥ŵȨ߾Ȼǳơ

ΪʲôʲôɹͼıĶ

˵ˣʦ㡣Ʈһöɫ׭ʩչ˿ķġ
·ˡ






61.     һ츣ȫ

ҹɫ, Ӱҡҷ

ӳ赱չصĶѨ߳Ľ

ҹ紵ķ˿鲻, ̧ͷҹеԲµڵԿױڵ֮Уȥȡ
Ҫõķ, ֻ֪ⷽոԳѻ, ļ֪˽ķ
, Ҵʦȥǰһ

ѱƳ˿, ѰǱ𲻳˿˵Ĳģֱӳǣֲڻе˿ӡ嫽ڲȥų赱չ, ˿¶ķռС
¶һ߻ڵ˿ζ̵Ķһ֣˵ֱӲٿسһЩƽʱɲ˵¡

СĽʱ, ȥɽµٷǵҡԸ
, ħˡĽһһ, ʧҹɫС
ŵ, һû顣

Ľȥ, ڲٿˣۿɼػ, ɤøº͡

߰ɣʦ㡣֡
һ֣սָ
ħϯ, 

Ⱥɽɽʢһ֧֧ۣ֮֮֮ۿɽħԿ׾Ͳ

ս֣ʣɽһ£ʦɷҽһʦ˵ǲ˵Ҳԡ

ⲻһʱܽġ

žУȻΣҲδɽ
ȥ֮ǰɱɽˣһֵһƥˡ

ǰΪʲôҪϸʦ㣿صʦ㵱ʱûȫûɡ

ɣЦһɡ

ӿڵ桭ڸ߲һ֣
ԡˡ

ɽһµԭίûƾɽ
ðȵǣڽȫĸ߲žȻǳɽͬı

ʲôڳıʲôϵõʲô

һڣʮͻƻǧ޵ţ죬ĳɳ켣ӦóΪʵġסǡħ
ѡ·˶Ҫ̾һ컯Ūˡ

ʦ㣬ʱȫûһĻңҲᡭ
ĪҪ˵Щˡ˸ϹӦҲ㣬Ϊ̫̫ۡʦҸЩɻ֮ҡڲҡĵģʵڷԸ
ҡ֣ʦ㲻ʦ֣ҲΪͬ𣿡
ʦֳ壬ǣ̫ҲܸͿҲá˵ѡ

ԽĻԽòζ

ôͱôпԡǵأЩֻп𣿻˵ںƭ䣬
ÿԣ䶼Ըš˽ıԣǴδζš

಻סģĴ㲻߳䣬ܸĽ顣

Գ˵࣬ԭʵǳ򵥡

ǡ

ཻ飬Բǡ

ȫȫؽνĳˣκ˶һߡ

Ͳͬˡ
Ѫħɽ飬νȫȫĶˣˣңߵʱ
ƽĶۣ԰ġ
֧Уôһ޷֮Ĺ

ð׾ʹӦ˰ЩʵȤģҴû˽ֻ֪ʦ嫺ͳЩֻ֪֪֮꣬ΪʵǴħȴ֪ЩµĻһЩԭ򡣡
ҵĺʦֺʦ֪꣬ǲ˽ңǳʦ֮ʦ̵Ȼǲ֪ԼʦҲЩ˵Ĺ

䡣
ǰմǧȡαļ䡣

ǵʱὣȥɱɽɽ˵ڵϿధ˵ȲѣΪ˳ȫΪеʿҪôɵģʵҲκʹܾᡭ
Ȼ˵ĶƨǺĵԡ

ɽ˵һ仰ӡ̡

ʦֶһˣ츣簡

⸣ҪҪ

˵ν˳ɽͷʬɽǰŵհʬѪȾ˵ݡ

ܲ츣磬ǺľǳɹﵽϾ硣



ֳϿҲݡ
˵һ仰ǣʱЩҲͲô

ȻδйԹԡ
żһֵĸоֳƶᾭʲôĥƵģǿĥ֮ʲںм֮

úܺãֳߴҲڼУʮأ˳ͻԪӤԪӤʿ
ͬһ̾η

ͻԪӤֳ˼ãվǶ¶һЩ֮¡

ϣɳÿЩڣܺúõرԼҲϣɳЩһЩп֮»Щ㡣ĵ
ƵʦҪҪֱ˵գһҪʲôۡ

ֳЦһźܿɫ󲻻ˣһ֪Ķ㡣΢ͣ٣ǧͨϾŷգʿֹڻ񲻵÷
֪ʦ𽲹ܶˡ
ǴǰˣĳЩʿҵͨܽؿİ취ֳƽȡ

ǰһʲô취

ֳš

ӷ˽磬Ҫһţǵžɽ渵ɽ磬ҲһţǵħĽһΪɽĵطǴͱպˣֻҪҵؿİ취ʿȻܷ

Ϊʲôպϣʡ

кܶԭ򡭡ڶԣԭ򲢲ҪҪؿֳĴоǧ꣬ڴƼҵĹżҵ˰취Ҹո˵ġš

Ҫȥ

ҵһֳ̥̥һԶ˵츳ԣӹ񣬹żмɲ̥߽һˣǾƼ棬ǰϹʱڣͷˡ
νţǵ̥ԲȻѪ׼ţýؿַֻýؿܶݵһʱ䡭ʹʱݣĴȻԸȥ֮һķĿܡ 

һͻʦͬ˵ЩΪЩѾҵһ̥𣿡

ǡֳ

ɱǸˣȻʡ

ǡֳ

ĬƬ̣ʵǸˡ˭



ֳƳ̾Ϣƣüģֱ

㡣

̥ýؿ÷ͨܵ㣬ҵͽ
ͻƻǾͻֶԸ㣬ȥ׼

ֻҪһˣƿʿͶ˷Ļᡣ

ֳЦСʲôѾԵС



һһʱʧ

ֲãֲã״ΣҾ˵㵱굱ŵúúõģô벻ħˣԭһԭ棡
ȵȣĥȻɱžʿħôãôȥɱأ

ӣСЦеôǰ𣿡
˻֪Ǹܵȫɱˣ

ţˡصĹżҲȫҵҴݻ١ϴ˲٣ɵҲ٣ħôãûҪɱԾ󻼣ΪǲµĹؼھǸ֮ǰǲ

֪ܵ˶ˣɱǣһҲǸܴһ˿һй¶ĿܡƵ㲻ˣ֪Ҳûʲôˡ

ͷƤ顣

ؿãôܲɱɣһؼ⡣

Ц

ҵ˱ķ

׵·Զֹһ






62.  ȥ   ˥

֮۵һҰĽ֮, ĽٲٲһʯʯŻ˵ģ̦, ʮֲۡ

ʯֶۣο, ʦˡ

ܣ֮۵Щ֮󷨸, ƶɡ
˵ڴʦүѡˮ, ֮ﻹʦүµʱ, ֪ţɽͨδʱڻֶͨϵɽʦү, ʦүҲʱּ⣬ָź󱲡
ͨϾھûϵ˰ɣ²⡣
ͷǰǧǰŴʤ߽лǰ֮۽ʦүĽ̵ϵ, ֮ҲǼ볡, ÿ꣬ǰй
طӦǻķˡ, ʧȥ, ûҪ֮ۡΧƧ, ֪δ̤ˡѷħԿײҲΡ

ʯоһ, ᴥ£ʱ󷨸֣ʯɢӨɫĹâ
ĽڵٲȻ, ¶ˢúܹ⻬ʯڡ

üëһԭ۷ǽȥɣʦܡ
ȽʦԺٽԥߵǰ棬Ϊ̽·

ûۣ֮Ҳûﰵػ˵Ƚ롣

ʦܶǳĲİֹ
һʵ𾪵ˡ

ڶԥģ׷ԸǳǿңŸɵ˳赣ֱ֮ۡ
ҪȥҲգһ¡

ٲʯһӰۺ˿ɴӰ

ûʯڣһʯڴʦ㣬Խˡ
ԴӰڣǰȻʡ

Ȼ

̧ͷΰĴʯʯϵޣ޵ͿĨᣬ΢䣬ʯĵе㿪ˣµĺۼ
빩λдšˡ֣ʦүĵš
λǰյƵĹ΢ȶΪͣվɳϨ

Ȼưˡϴ˿ƻħԿʱ
±Ǩʢ˥ĵҶƳʦүλһۣһ䣬ɢȼյƣڷλĹ̨ҲӦѡ

̨߽¶صͨͨ⻪̣ȵԪ糱ˮӿԪŨҺ

ڵĴħʱתһֱѹΪڽᵤ˲ȻʱܵԪ̼ΪѹƲסס
ǿֹͣת׼ȡԿȥĽᵤʱ

ȥܿˣԿӦ档
ż㣬ʩչԾͨ

ɽ֮£쳤վãὥݻ
ڵȺɽˣǾϵѪܡ
ڵµΣ̾ᣬԻľϿŵǰ֮ࡣ
һάϵ˵ս˥ڵҲͬˡ

ųӴʶ̽ܿҵ˷ħԿ׵ڵء
ѸٷԿɢһԽԽ

һɫԿƮƮС
Կʽӣִгأϸܵķġ

𴽽ǣпֽһ

ϲʦ㡣ƫͷ¶Цݣʵ

ðͷķ֮һԿ׵ˣ񻪶öɹֻʣһ롣

Կתٻɽͼ
ɽͼӡ飬ǰħ챦⻯Բħ㣬޷ɽͼɽͼսҪʱָ
ǰһɽͼȡܹ֮ʹúóʱ䡣

ɽͼǣǰ鶯˿ȴյĻҪͷųɢԪɰٴɽͼ
ް̤㣬ƺһҪӻг

ãֱɽͼҲ治ԪŽٻء

㻹ﾡðؿ̬ήҲٵ
ôԪ֪᲻˥ܣ

£赡ȡ÷ħԿסΪɽͼԪ
ѣȴûͣЪƷϲá

ʦܣڰҹ۲嫺ԨŷԸգͻƽ𵤡
ȫʦġʦҪգҲֿ̫á
ա¶ҺҪСģҪǲԾԨСӲúŪ
Цʦģִ֪硣

صɫѾˡ

ߵµǧţС˯Ѻͬ˵仰ҪգҪһ¡
ǧСʹŹǷ߳ˡ

һСϱ㸡ֳɻɫͷСʦôôˣ
ǵŲ뿪š

ƿķҲԺ
С΢ķұ峿¶մʪ˼ƣ߽ҪУǼȴȻŵһ嵭˵ζ
̱ϳǺɽеζ

ʦȥɽйˣһ˲û仰˵

ҪȥʦգΪҪͻˣʦָһ˵˸õɡ
Сʧ䣬δ룺ʦȥɣҵ
ҾȥգͰĴڶ˶٣ֵĽбĲ£㲻˺Լɡóһö򣬡м£Ѷҡ

Ҳ˵⼸ղÿĽˣСľĪ泩ࡣ
ӦǣӹЦףʦ˳ͻơ

ð°ˣýҲˡ
ɫ뿪ڣǰҲ˸ţжԷĻԣ¶š

ĽٷǽȺʱ

ħȥɽᵤ֮٣
ݣɽ
ɽ޺˼ϡ٣ȷʵʺ϶ɽ١Ľָƣ񻪶ݣħ˶٣Ǿȥ񻪶ȡķ֮һԿס
嫺ԨδڣҲǻֱӽķ֮һԿ״ڡ
ĽгħǣһʱǰյлϾţлϾ˵񻪶첻ͬȡķ֮һԿס

üͷһ壬ֵΪΣ񻪶˺𣿡

񻪶ͻʧܣͻȻǰǶԼ˵ԿײģǺһֻһ֪ȡԿ׵ķĽֻħԿף񻪶커ɽ޵ĶҪȡԿףֻӣһŶԻɽ˵Ԥõ³Կףֱɱʸȡ

ӿڵˣ޵˲ˡǾֻõڶӡɱ˻ɽޡ

ħ˵öԡĽһ񻪶Ԫסɽţɱ˻ɽޣڳϺ嫽ֲ£춯ˡ

Ÿ߲ܻĽ֪ôɼ񻪶Ѿ͸˸ס

񻪶湻ùġҡҡͷҲãΪȡʱ䡭СĽǼȥݡ






63.  ʱ   ɱ


ɽڶ, ħһݣҲħⱵһݡ
شݣħԶ
ĽݾӪ, ҪڶݾӪࡣ

ݵСϣĽӪĴ
ҵľ۱, һʱؾӪ۱Ĺģ˾۱, һһЩС͵ĵ·к̻ᡣҰҪľ˾۱, ·к̻ʵ۱Ӵ, Ҳ˲С
еȨթȻ٣ĵܻžĴѹ, Ľδʹ̸ϲӿɷ¶Ҫһȡ
Ľ齨ЩıĿΪ˰
Ľ߷޿Ҫãȷʵˡ
ûһ˼˼룬Ϊ˼ıϸڲ, Ǳ֮á

СĽЩ, Ҷм˵ʱϸĽ񶯵
ĳҪʱô, дϼӳʹ, йӽ͡ĽҪʷĽ, ҪģǱġ

һɽᵤ, ϣ񻪶֮˽ᡣˣҪζҩ, СĽһ¡
󲿷ҩ۱Уħ˾ܸҡĽĵ
Ǽζҩĵ֣񻢽衢Ѫ
Ҫճ룬ħ˼𣿡Ľʡ
á
Ľ׵ãһħѡȡƷõҩ

񻢽衭ҩĶͨЧãѪѪһнĲҩϱγɵģζҩʿϵá
ħҪҩģ˭ã
Ľе˶һ飬׾ĿꡪǸСۡ

ʲΪ͵˲ҪЩҩĽȥֻǸϱ׼
ħǶʮֹעĽ֪ôԵɡ
еЩ΢ʣּʱƺ
õĵط룬ħԸѺܶҪ½ҲѰ޷󼰵ģħĳ䶼ûõΡ
޿ȡġ
Լ£ħȻ

˲Ϣ䣬кܶҪʱڣҲʱ̿С
СΪ̫ˣֽ뾡ָǿԴٽϻָܻˡ

ٶȼ죬ܿ͵˳ɽ

ĽΪƬɽߡֱӳָɱһͷԪӤڵǿռĳѨڴ˰Ľᵤ

Ľú󷨣ϸµħɨȥӴָó徫µŷڵϣȹ
һУ棬κΣսӽħˡ
ȥɡ˫ĿϢ

Ľȥڻ׼𣿡
ߣǽڵС׶ѣʲô׼ģмҪСҡ
ݸҶɽ٣ǱѰʿЩ

գ۾ĹΪģԲʮʱܲ
ϯصƲԵüͣвʱйŷ¡ԽԽԽԽܼ
ɽɽߴ󣬴ʱ˿վڳɽȥܿۡĻȽѹֵľ

̽鵽ˣ㵱ᵤʱҲô𣿡
ͦ󣬵ûôұΪԽΪƽ⣬Ȼ⻯ᵤʱһЩĥѡ͡
ûΧױͻɽڵ˵ǲҶӲ

˵գڵħһ֣Ϊ۳׷캳صֱ̤سơ
һ˲һˡ
ſ᾵ľ޿ֱס

غĻ̌ͷһĻ˿׽ٶħ˵ȻΪ壬׽֮ҲǸˡ

ţڶͣ¡
ǵ˰ϵƬµĽױƬɢ˶ϸ׹Ƭʣһĸо

׽ٺͣЪĵڿڷɣסһһףմȾֺ

ʱ󣬽Ʒɢļ

һβ֮УɢƲ㣬׽ٳ׽

ӰһΣصһ䣺ףǽڵ׽ͨ𵤵ĽһߵҲ㣬϶ɵĻ¶̫ˣɱ㡣

ûæѹħħ
һ·һ˵ûʲôѶȣʱδתħ۵Ľ𵤣⻯𲽱ħ۵ħ
꣬ħۺˣӣڵµħ롣

СĪҪ˵۾Цôɱأҷš
ҭ
ûģħع鵤ո¶ǵ׽֮ˡ

ûĽˡ
Цݲõϲħˣħػ۷ֽһˡ
ƨԶĽۡ

˹ظƽϵӣľͲ˵ˣȥ񻪶ɽŰɣ׽ٶ̫һʿ̽ˣ˵ز˾
ĽʱɿȹʱŪһԵ塣
һʹϥΪϸµȹǡ

ĽĬǫعڵΪȹӵӺ˳̧ۣͷ

Ľһ˲ȹҲ͹СҪ

ˣ˳һͷ˳

Ľͮͮģ˺һֱ

ۿĽͷŭµʲôûɾţ͸һȹô谮ۻ׽٣Ҳһ

һ㶣С㻹ʱˡ
ЦưСϣīӣȻָ˳󴦵ѯʣˣ

⡣ֱ£ɿϵֲС֮֮ȥġ
˶٣ƵˣĽۣҳ˯һ׽٣û±ҡ

ãûƽʲô

߳޳ѨѨΧ׽ٵನŰòӣΨǿطûܵ

Ľ񻪶ɽڲǣɹȥֻһʱ

ϡǵã񻪶Ļɽ޺Ǹˣ׷
ǵģһͷΪˡĽظĳΪˣͦӲģסħ޼᲻ݵħ






64.  ʦͽ   ħ齣


䲢, ϾнΪŨѪǸѪˣΪ̧
Ѫ޴Ƴ, ΪͻҲӼѡͨԪӤھܻΪ, ѪϹȴҪͻƵɽٲΡ
ֳͷǧǰ񻪶һλʿؾżȻġ
ϾͳѪ, Ȼί൱Ժ, ʱΪǳ, ʿûסǿ

ʹ
ͷ˾˼ǧ, 񻪶û⵱£ΪʱµģѲãֻ¹Թ
ʹƵģֻгƵӦĿ, Ч

ƽܴ, ǰûĴʽƨˣƳܼ̳е֮

Ľûн񻪶ɽ, ɽµĲͣ
ǽһɵĲ, ¥й, װ£¯ȼϡ

Ľȡ, Ϊ衣
лϾܿħЪϢƬ̡ݵĲ, ϼħ˿Ʒ
ȹôΡһڲˮеϤڿбǶ
Բûʲôƫڷ˽統ʱƷٺò赫Ƕûʲô˽⣬磬ʦϲƷ裬ĿȾ˲١

Ĺǿʽģλܹһ¥˵˻㵸ؽ¡

£

ֻ˵һչȣϻصħնɱɽš

ԭڽҡ

Ľˣ

ħˣȥ˵ɱˡƽÿ¡
ֹ̧ţ˽ҵĹҲͦȤġ
Ľǿɱ⡣
һϰָָ㣬ȻȤͶһ

λûħ겻뻯ͻɱһ֮˵˹˸ӣϧûˣ²͸úȲĺȲ裬顣
˵˶ԴƺԤϣҲ⣬ֻǵȻʦ𡪡Իֳڰ

˵ǲԻҲһµӣʦͽ˫˫ħоһѾ

в˴ٺЦкξ㵹˵ѽħĹͱ˵˵˰ٻˣػضиıڣҿܱʲôʵôһ֡

Ī˵˽ȻϹģҾͲһˣҽʵĹ£λŲǾͲҵˡ˵˵ո˵ֳʦͽ˫˫ħħԵʢġϾ֤ǡһβ֮

ںȲۡ

ǺˣĽæó˿Ϊȥˮ

˵˵ڼʦͽΪݣԻֳձĥħ֮࣬ħͬˡ쳤ħɴǶԱ˴˵ĸ鱻ɽˣɽҪϳͶŷ磬ɱ

һ¥Ĵ󲿷ֲͶ˵˽ľע
Ǻɱֳô˵ɣôɱֳ
㣬ۿɱֳпѽͱֳ𣿴ֻǴţڽĲ˾ġʷҰʷ˵Ʋֳħһ˿ԣԼµĴºڲѣεĥɱġ

۷׷ף˵˼龰Цüۣæչȹ֪Ρ뿴׾
һָֻϰڷһ飬Ȼǡħ齣顷·һС֡ħ
Ǳ˸ƽʱϤ׫дģһϸڡ͸һɣһֻҪʯ˵

бڵ𾪵

ħˣĽЦĶţ°˵˵Դš׸ˣ
˶񣬺ȿڲѹѹˡ
Ĭһ˲ֵСĽǻ

Ľ

СһʯƤⲻЦȥЩȫȫ

Сæʯˣһźôһ˰ᣬȻԾ˳ȥ

Ľһħ齣顷˫ֵϣħ뿴
һһֻͶ룬ʱʦȻȻȤͦɶĸп

Է꣬鲻Խظпʦͽﾹô󡭡˼ġ
һ˵һ߰ѡħ齣顷ս˽ָпռ

Ľеۡ
ѯʣʣµĻħôã
СĽ㣬ЦӯӯҵĻ𣿡
ࡣĽѵὫЩȫ²٣дó¾ҵд˽ɱˡϵǶģɱһһôҲɱꡣ
ôôɣ¥˵˾Ͳɱˡ
ĽûвӦĵӦǣеĻս﷨У㾡ٵ

֪Լӹһٵ˵ʯϲЦտæԤ»ؽħħСȻ̸ǻؼϢˡ

Ľ鲻뵽˵˽ġʦͽðһ亹
¶İɣ
ȻħΪʲôһ㶼ýζ
ʱסϸ

ĽѰ֮ʣ񻪶ϸлϾˡ

лϾϢֶݡ

һϮ£ݺòͨͨûʲôص㣬ΪҲصڡ
¼λˡлϾ֣ص

Ľ˼лϾ񻪶ˡ
Ԩ嫳ڼͬڳϽ棬ºòѰлϾѹмѾ˵ˣͬɱ䡣
ŶĽü⵹ǳҵϡ
ûа취İ취лϾҡͷ˲ˣζʧȥ޷ʱܲһ㣬Ȼ󱨸ڡ
ô˵ӻɽޱһ޴Ľ
ûлϾսƥлҪλʿһֻͬɱ嫺Ԩ֣ڵļ̲Ҳ׳֮Ǳ˵ֻʱ⡣

šĽһۣкμ⣿
뵽ģҲ뵽ˡ
ҸϬĽ΢Ц

лϾܽӽ𣿡
лϾش˵Ļԡ
һҪ񡣡ĽӽָȡľУ򿪺ӵ߻ζʹκӣ⻨㡣

лϾ˼






65.  ˮ   ʵԶȻ


һ¡Ľ, ˮסҪ, ҲҪ¶Լݡ
лϾϸ˼ŵͷȷϵ», ˮʧͻȻųϻɡ
ⲻҪȥ, Ȼһʧİ취Ľ
лϾæˡ֪Һʱˮأ

, ԽԽáĽ

½֮ڱܽ, »ȥΪˮ˽̸ֵ֮, Ȼ롣лϾг񣬡־ˮȻǾϵŴϴӲḰԼ

ħӡµһ㣬ڲı䱻ӡ߱Ը, ȫתΪĸӡһˡı, ıЧҵĶ

ʱڣ»˴š
лϾҴҶ, ִҴҶȥ
Ϊ񻪶ĸ߲, 뿪̫á񻪶ܹµ˲, ŴСҪˮųϺ֮Ҳڵͣ
лϾ, һֱΪ֮¾ľавź󱲣Ϊ˴°, 䡣
ȻĽϸ

вʱ䣬ڲǺܱȺɽй䣬ħΣĽ
㰲Űɡ
Ľ˸ƣ񻪶ڵɽ岻ͬڵɽ鿡㣬񻪶ɽ쳣վһд

áп޵ص

Ľģ˲ڽϹȦ˲Сġ
̯λ٣Ҳ٣ֻҪĳ϶ͣһ룬ĽͻѸǰѶʯʱ۶գģҲա

ĸҵĴСԼİĽйˣһλֹ̯

ӽͷ䵽βĽӽͷ򵽽β

СĽˡֹ̫עĿˡ
ֵ˶ڴǣ񿴼ϹһٸǮͲûдšɵǮࡱˡ
ЩܵħϲǾֵǸǮʯνĶĽħ˲¾Ͳˡ
ˡʧЦȥ񻪶ɽڰɡ

һ·ͣͣƵɽǰ

񻪶ɽҪеƲſɳ룬ĽҪ˼֪ɽĿ

ĽɽϢѿһɹһ˳Ŀӡ
бŵĻɽû𵽰ãĽ

ûħ˵ȥ˵ĵطĽǰˣҲˡ
Ϊͨ쳹ɨƽʱȷʵûȥĵطֽ⻯Ϊ΢һȥκεطĽΪɨƽϰ۾Ľ²ȵľ̹;

شĽĵ㡣
һش𣺡ҳϡ

ûҳϣٸߵҲΪãĽĴڱû塣
ҳϵĽصġ
ǣҳⷽ棬Ľûʧ

񻪶ɽƹȻվʯᾣɽ¶ֲͣ٣йɱ֮⡣֮ǰδһʱЩʡ
տʼɽĽͽӵлϾĴš

ˣˮӺϼѽϼڵ˶˳ȥѡǶ֣ɷ񣿡лϾͨСĵؽ͵ԼڻɽҰۻĻɡ
ϼϼɡĽ֪лϾˣδӿ
ǻˮԪӤһָͷνﶯ֡

Ľֻиɽˡ
ʱɣɨħ˵¡ĽЦȥϼ塣

;ûˣɱ˵ȴˡ

ϼڣлϾѹʱ

λˡлϾ˵ѹ࣬ˮ̾Ҫ°æ𣿡
Ҫ¾ͺáĽĮ
ǡлϾ˵˳˴

ϼһܣ̨ƽϡ
Ľȥֲࡣ
ϣָ֧Ŷͷ봹صȴ

ǱԵĬȺš
Ѿ֯ãѾλնҲ׳ھͲˡ

ʱŴ֨ѽһһ˫ɫѥ̤ڣˮˡ

л֣ϼΪʲôˮ谭ؿλϵ
лȻֹͫһغһ󲽡

㣿㣡ˮ˵һ˵һĻ

ˮӦ죬Ӱһ˳ȻĽ졣
һ䣬ϮӦرգȻת

亹˳ˮĶͷɫɷף촽ܿƵضţȶһ
ΪҲܿһˣΪʲôħ

񻪶δž⸱УĽ

˸°͵ʶң

ˮûʲôӦĽִϥǹǣؿذĮȻħʻ㵨Ҳء

ҡʶˮڵ϶϶
ôʶأڤ˼룬ǵԼĶˮ
Ľʱ㻻ֵһСħͷ˼ϣ

ˮɬصǰ۵ᣬżȻħһ档
ԭǼ°һˣȷʵˮˣֻʱȷʵתͷͰˡ
۵ᣬʤ߿ԵõƬΨһ䲢һʤǳ䣬ʤ˵Ѳ׸
ӹǶ䲢ݸȻһЦȻʧɫ׷ڶ࣬û˵˭ۡ
׻ʱһԷ

ƮƮؿˮһۣԪӤڣ츳ʵô
ˮ֪˵ʲôˣı־һͬĻзŭ

Ȼˣ⵽˱ѡ
⵽ͬŵıѡлϾıѣ

Ҷˣˮ૵Ҷ񻪶棬ֹһ档Īй¶챦ɣʯ˽̡һֱ룬˭Щ¡뵽˴ϣ뵽ϣΨû뵽лϾҴûлɹȻŵĲ棬ϸħϸ

ԣȻ´ˡĽҴûлϾ˽챦ʯ̰񻪶Լˣҵˡ
ˮɴ˫ĿȸսʱӴ㵡
񻪶˸ɵ£ҪҵϸͷϡĽ񻪶ûˣڳϾб˽ңûһΪδǣΪϸлϾְ𣬴Сṵ̂۹κǮ

⻬ʵЦˡ

ʵԶȻĹ¾ʡ֣վˮǰ
ˮҪĽħѹΪ⣬޷֮

ؿӨ׵ָ⻺üģ΢ĴС

ţʧȥʶ

šһŤĻǵ˿ֿԶһˡ






66.     ЩС˼ǲ


ˮǾ˿, ûʶⲻҪҷĲٿأͳһ, ʺվָȾϵһɰͷ˱ų, Ҹ˵ˮѹ࣬Ҫ, Ҫǰˡ񻪶֮λ, лϾɡ
Ľħ˼ȫʵ˲Ϊ˵, »ԲΪҲˮǸ˿˾͸ˡ
Сʻ괬ǰ˵ġˮɡ

ԿѾõ, 񻪶ԿҲ֮
ҪǣƳ˿

תۼ䣬һ롣
ȡĳɹ벻ĽĲ֣Ҳ벻ĸհԶ, ħӡ˿ط, ĽܷʩΪϸһ㹻ķʱˡ
ħӡڣĽŷĵѡ֮ˡ, ܽǿ鱨, ܽɽԼҺ԰

, ߾ߣ, ɱҲȫ⡣
ڣ񻪶ĵ̸ɵ񻪶ǰŵĶӣЩʿأ֪ˮѾˡ

лϾнصλš
ǡĽȡлϾš

Ŵڴڵ˿ˮ, ˮľż׺ȻףֱﲻŭԪӤʿ

лϾһˮö˶˵վţüëһȴûֳţɵѯʵˣˮ
ˣǸܡĽ
֪ˡлϾһٶʡ

͵͵һλϵ
лϾ꣬ûмǰԲ²ݣΪλò毺õŮħ½ħĽͬţɲ׶Ľˡ
˽֪ĽȦķ蹷ֻһˡ
Ը
ټĽ˴ΪõħԿףͺ֮ˡ

лϾ˵
˭뵽ħȻˣƽ̫ˣҲѹ̫ˣõ³ɳһʿĴڡ
ǵĶˣǼħ£֪ԼǰôСǧҲһһ

лϾǸˣħعϢû֪֪֮һ
ңҲѹ
ܷס

£ҲҪ졣Ľ嫺ʱߣ˲ѵĶʱ
лϾԥȷˣ嫺Ԩڣ䷢ҲܺܿѹǶ̬ȼӲҪڳͬɱ䣬½ղߣͬĥһʱ䡣
ôõģʱ䲻ᳬ죬ڻҪ¡񻪶첻ͬ⣬Ը˶Ȼֱ˺Ƥǿж֡Ľüͷһ壬ˣֻܵˣǲȱġ

ɵȴкܴĲȷԣҲ̫á˼лϾ񻪶м˲ͬɱˣ
ˣֱǴϡϡƷлϾæػ
پͺðˡ΢ЦԺȥ嫺Ԩ˵ˮˣһͬɱʸȡԿסˮǰŵĶӣ˶źѡˣ˶ͷˣЩϷȻö˵ʲô

лϾ޶ۣ˴˾ٺ⣿

Ҫ廰û˵ꡣ֮սֻᲨŲ޹ΪɣҪ嫺Ԩӳټ춯֣˵ôʱתƲҪѵǨƵȫĵط嫺Ԩһͬ飬񻪶ڴɽ޵㹻òƵˣӳٶֵģ嫲ᲽƣֻҲһڳͻ
ԼԷʮ֡ʮʱ䲻Ҳ̣㹻תŲ͵ӣҲ㹻嫺Ԩˡ

Ľ򣺡赲Ҫ£ҪԨأʮʱ䣬ǲһ񻪶졣üͷչǺܻܿʮĿյһڣԼĶʱ䵽ˣ񻪶ɱˡ
ħˣ˵ɽ֮ơ嫺Ԩˣƻ˳ˡ

ЦЦ
˽嫣˽Ԩ֪һᰴԤչһԤõѡǻͬлϾ飬Ҳʮ϶һˡеľƿ֮С
ǵԸĥú͸

嫶һ뿪񻪶죬ʱ߻Ļ㣬񡣽£Ͳùˡһ仰̧ʾлϾ뿪¡
ǡлϾ˳

лϾС΢ͷеЦǱ䡣
Ľɤ𣺡ħʲô
ҵʱ̫̬˵ġЦлϾе飬һӾ˭ˣƺǳ㡢Ϸɺͳ֮һ֪ݵˡҲµˣ㹻ûϸ
ֵһСˡĽΪ磬ħ˲ǵ˼

ķչ˿ûгϡ

嫹ȻͬлϾ飬ҲȻԨˡ

лϾŵʱ֡
ʱ䲻̫磬嫺ԨӵϢϻæѹ䡣


ħû
ֵԻͦ󡣡

æ׽٣ղûӲػһ䡣
üëøƽϣֻǵɱеĻˣ׼á
ҵҪ˵ĹжӲ˾ð˼֣䣬ֻܿѪˡ
ǻѪĹǱҲʲôΨһڸƽſڵϱԼΨһı֮Ľʹ޷߻ʧȥǣ֮±㱣סˡֳ⣬о޵伮֪֮꣬һ̧ͳ״㣬һ븹ȡԿס
á˷ܣˣܼѪˡ

òżԺǡ

¾㱸ֻʱ



ʱɫȺɽɫ֡

Ľ֮ϣͷ񻪶졣

ȤлϾ֪ͨŵӳˡ˼Ҳûн㣬˾ٵҲΥš
֪ͨŵӳ룬Ϊжں񻪶죬Ϊ֪Լļֵ񻪶ϡ񻪶Ÿ߲㣬Ҵ鱨񻪶Ϊ˽ٸʲôˣԪӤΪħŲϺšĽлϾ˼úֻбֵּܱסԼĵλ

ʵҲνҳϾͺáݵֻҪҳϣЩС˼ǲġ
ĽҲôΪ

˵䣬ȺɽͻȻ¡졣

׵ľһ˫ɺӣӴΰӰɽվһĻԶԶȥһɽͻȻ

ħ˷ܵĽ
ȲҪѪˡ






67.     һ


֮, ҰڸϤ˵

ޡ䡿޻Ѫ̳ͳѪһ׵ķ˵ǿ, Ψһ㡣ӦڽҰȴұ񻪶, Ϊɽޡ

󲿷ʱ䶼ڳ˯ڳ˯мȡԪ, ڳ˯лΪ
ʧȥɺ, ʹ񻪶Եɽ, һǧꡣ
ǧ꣬ͽдôСˣ˿ɽĴˡ
סɽȱĹǼ, ɽʧˣȡ֮һɽһΪɽ
쳤վãĹǱǣͷѿ, ֳɲ, ȺɽΪһ壬ɽһ֡

񻪶߲Ҳ䲢ĸԸɽ޵, ǱҪ, Ǿǰ, Ҳֻдѵʱǲػɽš
ǧ, еĴָ֮

һδӳ˯ȴΪУǱ˷ԡ

ڸ߿գؿµɽڲز, һ϶ɽ֮ӣʵ̫޴ˣӱɽѡ

ڷ˽磬ϰհѵΪ
Ϊǳ˯ڵµˣҪŭ˼䡣

ѵļƣ֮Ҳʲô
̤أҲɽ±Ӧѣʯѷ죻ǰͱҲ٣Ͽһ±Ȼ׹£ɽ̨ͤ¥ˡ

ҹ񻪶ƣԿӨӨƻ׺䣬ڵƹ⾡Ϩ
ŵӾʧлϾָɽ⡣

лϾʮԦзڴʱʱ̧Ƶ׹ľʯ˵ŵӡ
Ϊ͵ĵӱ޵ѹ̱ڵأȥһѽ˷𣬽Ϊߵĵչˡ
һ룬ָɵس룬ͳҲĵǲŵӡ
лϾʣûһΪߵʿڲǰ롣

Сӻͦб츳ϷȻʧЦ
Ľ⸱ҵľϸвݵģ

Է񻪶ɧͷ­΢΢£ɺ˫񻪶Ľ
񻪶нɣѹɵĵһ¾Ǹ

䷢ŭ˻һһŲŲȥĹһϺɫ
һ˲Ȼ̧ͷŵѹµ˳ڵСɽͷˡ
ʯĽǰ䡣Ƭ̹񻪶һƬǽ壬ٲյĻֺɡ

ʹԲŲһ磬ֲһ»Ϊ촷ۡ
߻ӱŭͳռʧȥ˼ز̤ʱʱ³Щߴ¥󣬶ŵ۾Сϣᡣ

Ҫͷ䣡üŭлϾ˴Ǵ򲻹ȴŵӳ룡
񻪶촽£͵ؿűڵλ͹ȫûˣ
лϾЦˣû˿ٽλ͹ûҲУŵûˣ񻪶ͳûˣǲˣ
ߵͬŸʲôӳ룬ɽµĲǡһһܴ˾ʹˣΪĴΪ̾ȥ

лϾĺǳ⣬˷׷׻عķԸŵӳɽ¡

ҵһԪӤ𵤣ʤ㣬׾ͻᶪںԹѾãһʱ̿²ͣлϾԴϵ嫴Ѷǻᾡҵȡ
ϴٵıʹѹͻȻˣ۵ΪѣϴѾٶˣʱѰ
Ҳ֪лϾҡͷδ¶˿
ʦֶأϻܣʡ
лϾԾһ£ܿסˮ©Ҳһָӵӳ룬²ȥӳϣȻڲۡ

лǣֻǰö˵ʲô
лϾĳϸǰ˽ܣһֱ֧ˮ֮λϼһ﷢ʲô쳣ħ˵Ĵơ

ʱˮӰȻ

ʦֶϾϲ£ȻҸô㸸׽
ˮɫ࣬һ໹Ѫһӣ
лϾһˮ֪ħڲٿ˿
뽲лϾ
ˮһķġˮ֣˶֪úûţ˻ڳ¶ˣⲻлϾ뿴ģŵˮмֵġ

ˮŵȫ룬һΪɽڣȻɽУŵ֡
лϾȰ˵ɰ֣̫ΣˣΪԸ㣬ն
ǣʦֶʦֶ˵ʲôá
ѾǲȰˮ

ħôһԼĴ㣬лϾֻø£Եħ˵İžͺá
лϾָŵӳ룬ҲЭ
񻪶ĵûȳ棬ôʿӹ˾ڳ롣

лϾտһ۴Ѷ嫵д˳ҺԨ뿪ݣҪʱܸϻ񻪶죬ȳסҸϵ̳ѹ䡣
һнħϡ
лϾƽ򣬶ԲԶˮֵնȥɽ󡣡

ʱóߵ˶ˣлϾ˿ˮ
ϱһͬնлϾȰŵӾδҪµ˶ģϾ뿪ǰǰȥˡ
ûˡ

ԶķͣЪļ̤Ķ˫ɺҲһ㡣
Ϊ߻ЧҪȥˡ

ˮˣԪӤʿʧȥʶ˿
ѿһ϶ѷ߳Ľ
ųʶ̽ɽȷûκ޹صĻ˻ڴ˴

˶߸ɾˡлϾɵòȥЪˡ
лϾһ㶣عָˣһرܡ

лϾ뿪ˣĽԼɽ
󷨹ι̡
һף֮ϵˡ

иǻΪϸܵӴв
ֿǸŮˣǸŮΪƲǳĸоȴԵ˸Σա

ƽȴðڲǵ״̬һ̼ܵͻᱩߡ

ЦһЦĶ˳þǳ󣬱սɽͼﵱ飬뻹ˣ۾
ȷʵ󣬲ħ˵ɽͼšĽ͡

еȥɺ˲ˣزһᱩס
䲱߰ض㷢
ÿһ㷢ֲ

ƣֻЦЦ

ڵħתµĽһ㣬޵Ľӽŷ
һ̣ħĽⷢһĽǧ㼯һ⻪

ڵĽһΪ򽣹ڡһֻ˾նɱ
ݡ򽣹ڡµĽС
һУǧ۳һ⣬ΧԵĽб˳ɱɱС

һڡ
ս

սһ̣丹ĹƿѪӿѪȾء






68.  һ   ı


ȻӲ, ǰĶͣ٣죬³ȴ, ǴڴڵѪ
һ׵ķ۵ĽûѪȻַֻ, »Ϊǧ׺ݵиڵ

򽣻һ, һ򽣡

, ˽Ρ񡢽ĵͳһ
Ľ, ˿ɼ

ĽѲڽ뽣
ýʹԼһ֣īͻë, ÿһʶ⾳ÿһ

Ȼʹָ

ս΢΢һɣħָ׹䣬ڰлΪ

һ, ش彩ֱ֮ʱ˳˿ڳڡ
ſһҧ, ȡ
ûдӸղŸȱڳ, ˺ҧѪʺ, һٳ

ԡѪ, ز졣
Ż̲ѪҺɽ嵹, Ƭ̳

ζմȾѪһص
շȦϵѪ˦ɾ, ŷߡ
ڵ㡣³һöɫĵ顣

ӹڵĽһùڵȡ˿ڵϸϸɾŵݵ
ħˣڵȾѪˣࡣĽص
ףĽʲô˼
ĽؿŰĲˣڵȾѪҲᣬ֪㲻ǹģϾֲڹˡħ˵˴ֱɵۣ
㡭໰˵
ƫƫܳ谮ĽСĽ˵ɣСǵðϵѪ˦ɾѴн

Уţơ

һԲػصڣʼ

۲ڵڵֳɫؼȡԪ
ڵԳһС磬츳ͨħԿ׾ڵ֮С
ڵעħڵڵĹâһ˸Կ׳ġ

ڣԿҲõˡʣԺڡ
Ѿϸӽ̽鱨ˡĽȡڵ嫵˸һ׷ʲô£ǻʣԿײصøʵ񻪶ǹթԿײؽ˵ĶȡԿƱҪӮˣ벻ֳС

ҵĿı¶Ҳȫǻ£ԿױߣһԼԿڼӿܣٲҲȥ鿴һԿûʧԣֻҪעڴʿĶ򣬼ԼӣǶȥʲôطɶԿص֪̽һ
ħ˼ܣ⡣Ľ

ʱɫգ䱩ߵɧҿʼʱƽϢ
䱻ȡڵȻţĴϢźɺɫضŰе
ϧûзҲû˵ᰲſڵϵ

󰡣սɽͼҵĵΡ̾˿ûбķӣ˵Ϊ϶ѧ˵˻ˣǶϲġҪɱеϧôҲһƥлս˰ɡ

ָһ㣬ɽͼС

һɽһǬ˵ɽͼš
䱻֣û㱻ӡɽͼɽͼĩ˶ֻһױ䡣
ø˶ʲôأ˼һ뷨
ذ˷䡣
ɽͼڵ䷢Ĳ鲻Ըؽ

ħˣˡĽһ嫾Ҫˡ
šһƬǽɽţǰлϾӦһ嫡
»ȥġĽ룬лϾ˵ˮֹʱħһλħͻȻϵɱԿףѳ嫺ԨڸܸܿħΪ漱ڶߣûüɱǡ
üͷһ壺ħˣˮлϾôܻأҪ˲˵ùȥ
ĽҲ뵽һ㣬ԺȥлϾһ٣ȫαװ
áͷУħλħΪͻȻϵҪи˵ͷħ鱨Ǹħ˭ѾҪѻԱԲԲõˮ©
Ľ΢Цħ˷ģ»Ƴһݺʵϸںڹħݣͬᰲ׵

񻪶Կײˣڶᾯ嫵Ľһȥ鿴еԿס취ЩԿʧԣ֪Կʧˣһ뵽ڸ߲ϸʱױ¶
ĽŸٵԿףΣóûȥŸٵԿУԿ׵ĲʲķЩӣԳķ裬Ӧαװ
Ǹð취ôɡ

еϸڶҪһһãе©Ҫһһ
һ飬ȷûκ©Ľڲ࣬Ҫĵࡣ

ĽıǺĬ
ðĻ˵ı˴յһ
һȱǸˣΪ֮Ǻʹıˣһý⣬żһ±ԼĶȤζ

ҹ£Ǿʹ˽ᡣ

Ľͨȴȥ

һ񻪶ķ棬Ӱѷ졣

ɹʣ¶֮һľ룬ħԣⲻ
һħ񲻼ãȼյĻͬδϨ

߳ħһ졣



ݣҢǡ

񻪶ʢҢóʢ
Ľľ۱ܲ

ڹţһ˲ĴҴҵشżҩˡ
Ľ£ԼָЩҩܵ񻢽񻢽ǴһͷڵĻϲģҩҩЧȥĳɽһͷڵĻеģҲʣȡûʲôѪȴЩˣһλǰίѪʿµˡ
űļҩ鿴ϸЦ⡣
ˡҩյָ

Ϊħ˰£ࡣĽЦ

񻪶ݶͣ˼գΪ˵⼸ζҩļ롣
ãҩǧѡԹĿſɰġ

ʱ䣬Ҳˣ춯ȥ

ĽһᣬΪҪضݵڣĽҪȥڵϸ鱨ûҡ
һ뵽Ҫþÿħˣܵûš
ݵķֱΪ˽󳤾õۡغ˺
ĳ谮ĽҪĽͣǵõˡ

Ľڲųȥݡ

ʱգһ߽СԺ

ԺҶɨøɸɾǧһȾһжά뿪ʱӡ

߽ԺӺ󷽣С
ûʲôҰģĻÿδжϡ

һˡ

Сע⵽

СķļͷĨϵĺˮЦòá
ӭңʦ㡣

Сɬ۵΢΢һЦ
ܿ죬ʦָܻˡ






69.  ҩ   ʦֳ


º͵ضС˵ȰѽĽ, ҾһԿ㡣
Сͷսӻһʽʼ

ʱޱרעˮȾ͸·, ǰĺڷҲմʪˡ
տʼСӦսѪ, ĵƤĥһһ㣬Ѫܵ, ˮմ˿ִһ͵ʹࡣʱһ, Ͳٸоʹ, Ϊĺָһļӡ
СʱֻҪпգͻվԱ߿, ĵָ
СѪ죬ó˵ҩͿĨ

иˣҲΪҵͿҩ˵һ䡣

СĻһֲɻʦڸϰ, ʱϰһŽҪ쳤վõĻ, ÿָҪģ
ʦϴţСܲϵ, Ҳµʦʵһ򵥵ˡһֱװûзЩ
һ, ỻʦľԶ

̡áɨСÿ߾ȫ
˰ʱ, ˽Ľ
սʣսֹסز, ҲȫӲˡǿȵֵõģδʶԼĽ

С˻ЦЦ, Цеһ˿Եĺ
ʦ㣬ȥϴϴӡСſСͷϰǡ
ԼȻô

áżȻǿȵҩøˡ
С
Լˡ
ݰɡˮҩҵÿա᷿ķ

ûбáСʶӦ
˵ڵغˣһʱ䲻֪Ǹþʦ͸ҩǸʦҪϴ衭

ҩ̫ˣҲáСҧס촽
ŲͣסУҩǸõġ㲻þǷʲôҲþò⣬ֻҵİžͺá
С֪ʦ֮ǰǷ˽ĹȻǰһܺ˵ģʵǸ˵һӣһͲ׸ġ
죬û˵ʲô

Сԥԥظ᷿ԡõľͰȥĺٶȳ֡
ϣΪԼո˼ǿķ̽ʣʦ㣬ʲô˼

ĬĬƽȵؽͣľͰϵƺõҩҺѵ·ͿĨ׼ҩȻľͰתյҩЧ̫ͣΪֵͣûҰ㻯ҩС
СľѪҺӿӶ⵽Ӷ͸ˣû˵һ仰

ȷʵ¶̫Ϊˣûлָ䣬һûгء
ԤϵһĻǰ˰֪̽緢ʲôøʦӡ

СûӦԼԡľͰʹ÷עˮˮͣ˵¶ȣȻӽָóҩһһˮﵹ
ĻҩҺΡĲҩһǮһšĬҩҩһһ˽ȥ
Ƭ̣Ͱˮīɫеˡ

׼ˡƽȵؿûСЩˮ˾ʧҩЧ
óʢ񻢽зԱߵСϵͿɫĶͿɫĶͿȣÿλöͿ

˵국תһرܡ

С

ʲôشһ˱ۣȻѵ·ȻͿ
񻢽ǳֳɫĸ壬һմ壬ӴǴʹʹС
ʦǲẦġСôţٰҩͿȫ
Ϳ꣬˵ͿþͽľͰûҩҺ

С  
ʦһʱʱ̹̿עĶ֪ѾҩͿˡ

СֻԼȵð̣ڸȥװԼѾˡ

ϧװ
СþòˮôˣΪβľͰ

СֻľͰԼҩҺ֮С

תˡ

Сذͷˮһݹ๾شɫҩҺð˳

ߵľͰߣֻһ¶ˮԴ⡣

Լˡ

Сˮ棬ĨһմҩҺ
ʵ˵˹ȥϵһ⣬ĵãϾҩҺǲ͸ģӺúõ棬ȫû¶
СҰοһɫһЩ

סתҪġ
СĬ䣬ſʼתתƽȣתѸ٣ָƽרעҩ
һСƽӣƵסĺ󱳣

СĶҡƷ㹦תˡ

ε̾Ϣǵģôðģľ

˭±ֵСĵ
ֻжʿɵķ޲סȫɣ

Ҫǰ֪С˿ʲôпظħиħΪ鰮֮˼Իٴ˵ûħǰµһ˼Ľ쳾ס
ɵǰҲֽ˵־ʱһ

˹Ϊ䡣
ɤ³ûСϣ۾ƽľȶ

񻢽豻СյڣбӼͣӿΪҲҩյĹлš
ʹлˣ𽥸оʣе˯ĸо

ҩճһʱʼڰСת̱ԤƵҪ࣬û˿͡
ҩոɾľͰҩҺ峺ס

̬ȣСû۾ƽˮһɫ޵ҩۡ
ҩûκҩЧΨһþˮȾɫˮò͸
СƤչһӡ

С۾ֵطˮɫˣֻҩЧպȻû롣

ʣһζҩˣζҩҪģҪ˹ҩЧҩЧңʱʹҪ׼ȡѪ񻢽ǿͨܲסѪҵҩеʹҪţйҲûʲôá
ѪֱҶƬ쳣״ƽ滹һʺѪ·
С³һ˵ͷʾԼ׼ˡ

ѪݵСߣֱӳԾͺá
Сҧסҩ¾ȥ

ûиоʲôԾĵطʱţܵƵʹ࣬񱻼ڻ˿
ȷʵڱ˿ȼѪɫĻ棬Ѫҩȼյı֡

СǰڣҡųסԡͰԵ
ҪҽʹȴκΪǸư͡
ֻ͵شϢ˰㺬ʡʹǿң޷Կصᡣ

£΢΢סļָȥᣬߡ

ʦ㡭Сૡ

ԡý衣
ͻأ룬ý裡Ӧһ֣еƣϢ֡
ʲôǸʲô

ССãȻ֡






70.     ©һ


Ժкʲôͨ, еǰδеľʹͬʱ˼άҲǰδеѡ
ͷʹѣİϤĳƬǿӲؼ, ʶ
ĳЩѾõļ䱻ˣĳȥˡ
, ûڼĺ



ֳ޸ĸ, ʮ, һĽΪҵӡ
ƻ, õŲԻΪԻ

ԻΪ˵͵ϲ徲, ƽﲻеĴΣû˵˭˽ܣҲû˭
ֳ˶˵ƺǸӵľӣº͵ཻҲ˽, Ҳû۹
ˮ, ˮ޺ۣ͵͸, ĮƧ

ʱͷʢߵʿ̫ϳƕ, ˾Ļ, ˹ϵס
ƕڣħ򲻸, ڽΪס
緱ٲʢ츳ʿڻʿҲ, һ۵
ֳڶ໯ʿ۵һ
˽Ͱţֵ˵һЩʹļ⡣

˽ΪֳǸƽӹ֮ˡ
ʵֻǾһжȤ˲ǲݲӦˡ
֮۵ҲΪǲʱӣµһ׵ʲôģ˵·ӬˣԵãֻ롣
ʲô

ֳǲκһΪء

ֳ֪һʵĳĸħޡ
ĸ׽̵鰮𡢵¡ٳֻҪʵǴóЩûʲô˵ģõ󶼻õ
׽̵㲻죬ɱ֮ɱɱɣֻҪɱԷʤߣõʲôǾȥᣬ͵νĿĴɾͺá

Ҵ򲻹ˣıҲӮˣô죿ֳʵ
򲻹ߣӲ߾ģþһֶλȥɽڣûա˵⻰ʱޱ顣
ֳͬȫĹ۵㣬ѡ񱣳ֳĬ

֮ʿɱֳĵְѽ׼û̵ġ
ֻǾؿִˣɱڵͫûη壬ûгޣûκ

ˡִʡ
ꡣֳش

ִ˵ӡ
սʣʿɱͯ

ŹֳҲûߣǰڻߵħ߽
ֳ㹻ˣһһħ߽ߣҹߵ̵ĵطǿһ
ħǸǿʳĵطֳ˼Ǻı·
꣬һֱˡ縻ģüѣĴϻ뷹ԡ
ֱڴɽͽ˻ᣬţħŹ±ɵĵӡ

߹ŵʱֳڤڤҪʲô
΢΢̧ͷ

½ΪΨ㡣
ѻɢأһһҪ벻͵㹻ǿǿĻʿҲԪľһ죬ٽһͱɽ١
ɱִ˿ٵ׸ϡ
ҪѡҪִˡ

ʱ⣬ֳʼˡ
Űʱдı

ʱҴҶֳкͳı˻ر
ؾлһ伮ǹΪࡷֻҪܴвһܹ٣ͻɽڡ
ֹзյģࡷ˼壬ŹҪѣܰԲ
ѶӦֻأÿֻؽ쳣գвʧȴңĥʧֻصС

ֳȨףŹ
ࡷ֮ѣԿ֮ѣӮСֱٴϲ١
ŹǰֳԼ֡
ʧֻ֮ȴңҪиҵ

ֳ˼ãոͽܡ
ҪһŵùĵӣԼĵˡ
ĵӲܳ壬йǣѱͽܲᱳѡĵףڵ飬ûκθ
ֳ˺ܾã׼ȥ˽ɫʵѡ

òװһˣ˷˽Ľ

ֳǸĵˣΪ˳ݷ꣬ȱʱһʵĵѡ

Ȼֳﷲ˽ĵһˡ

ʵһܺõĵѡ
ңܳ谮ĹմȾˣڸӣʺĵӡ
Ըǿƣ˵һļƣʸˣѰΪ֮ˡ

ֳȻע

ֻ˽ʱżȻ˽ĺʢδפ͡
ҲǶ

ڴͷֳҶȣһûһµš䴦ˮУźеСᱡ
̫๬ŮڴβԶԶؿˮ

ֳĴƮͷңңʵļҵĹӣΪû㣿

ֳʱαװģ룬ǰշ˽Ĺһ²޼˵˰ˡ
ţģЦп۵ʱ򣬿ͨʣˡ

ҡȣֵ֪˭
²ֳ֪ɤ嵭

ֹۣ֡
˲ֹ֪仹Щʫдʫд³ò

ȤʣȻ֪Ǵĸ̵ͨĵطģ
ȷʵˡֳƽ

Ǳ͵ǰɡЦתȣʵòʲף֪ûȤ
ֱֳ˵صк£
ѽ۽ǴߵЦЩ±ǴӲ̵ͨĵطˣôĻѽ
ֳеˣʣǺ⣿
ҪҪĻ֮ЦˣĻ֮ʲô˼㲻Ҳɣ

ֳ
ǻԼˡ

Ļ֮г衣ӵ㣬ҪҪг衣
ֳѣҲø⾫ʡ
ûϵǰŮ˴󵨣Ҳûϵ˿ţһʱ䲻֪ηӦ

ֳѵл⣬ˡ²ܴӦ

Цǰϡ
Ŵ˰ˣֻڿЦ

ĹŮֳ̫ܾ׷޵áô֪ôܾ׮

ֳԸΪ˴һЩҪͬʱҲһֶεˣΪЩëƤС¶ŭҲһɱˡ
վڴͷδԶȥ

ڷ˽磬ֳʱ仯ͬòڽ£ĹǸˡ
ϲδÿʮа˾ܺϡ

ʱժĸˣʱʱˮһβ㡣
ǴΣδ߾Ȼÿ̽ͷЦ˼ңһ𣿡

ϵĻĶһ죬ߵĴ׹΢΢ε

ֳĲ֪ô©һġ

ĬĬš͸԰ɣظǮˡ






71.  ɺ쳾   Ψһĵ


ڻʹ, Ҳ̫ϲ֣ΪһЩĵίǺ۵ġ
һܻԼӵˡ
̫ˣʢʱҲ̫, þŲͣʵ
Ͼʱκ, ڴͷһС¯úˮ裬ʳͶιн

ֳʱβҡδ, ľĺˮ, Ƕᵽ嵭Ĳζ
̫ҵʱ, СŮһˮ
˵̫ңػˣͣɡ
ֳ˹뽫ˮһ, ӰֵлͲ衣

һɺĿĵظδ

ֻͷôѽߵСŮָŴߵĽʵ
Աߵ㶼ȿֺʳԣȴƵζ
翴ˣǵĴ˺üȦˡķһʳ, 㶯, ͵ͷ㡣
ߵȥ, ˮȥ, Ȼ
СŮѵСˮ

֪δ΢紵˴, ΢ǰûüջ, ͷԴ
βٿˣͬʱıָָ们, ˮС
СŮæϵ̫ࣺСӣָˮˣȥһ̣
˦ָˮ飬¶Ƶɫ

̫ѥӾҪˮȻһĨӰӺҶ˳ǸոʧĽ𣬱ָȻ
סʶˮС
ǽذָƯβֱǱˮʧ

һǹͶι𣬽ԣˡһĻĹŮȵǺͷ
ȻҲȷʵǺͷ

˽Ȼͬʿ׷ΪһԴҶụơ˽ûгнǮȨ
ֳڷ˽ʱղˣȫûлȥͷΪûҵǵͽܣΪһЩԼҲ˵ԭ
עⲻĵĽ䣬ʲôĵѿˡ

ĺܿȥˡ
صĺɻлˣήˣ٣Ͳκˡ
°סֽš

ֳòʹرȸȥĹ
ʱֳǻ᷺ƴǰž޲ˮʲôʣľ١
۵ʱһλʿ˵ɷҲĵһ鰮ϲ֡ŭ壬ĵһ֣ҪɣҪѧˡ
ֳ鵭Įᵽ鰮ϲŭ壬ڷ˽ôãҲǶɹ˰ɣ

ͣ鷿Ĵ̨洫Ķ

˵Ļס𣿰ձŵֽŸɾЩ¶֪
ź
ŵĺһݣ뿪ˡ

ļգĹʱؽŸÿշϢ
ֳ۲죬ʼĩ

ʵ۵ĵһλʺȢһʺ󣬼̺ϵʵͬˮ
ǰڹʹʽ̺˽ʵȥڹףʵûӦصȴ֪ΪδĶ
׶ɱġ

ıգԤԼ̺ˡ

ֳΪԹߣᵽϤϢ
ͬһˡ

ǳ졢ֶΡĿȷշҳϺõͨʵ۵̫࣬Ϣͬʱ£˺󹬵Ĳɣڻʺ߰ϸ
ֳȤǣ벿ֳߡֲʫᣬҹӸùϵ֮ΪԼѡг裬ĸǿ֮ˡ
κʱ·һѰŮûƣֻлúɡ

Աǰķֳܿ׹αװԼ
ԼħŹµݰɣҲԼαװһֻ֪ѰκͻĽݹ

صȴݷȴʱȴĵһ

˽⵽ıԺֳʧЦҡͷ
Ǿˡ
粻ͬʵΪڷ˽磬ƿػȨĽԡһŮ֮˵δпܵǾı

ֹ˼գһϢ¡

ʺްʵطꡳּٹ

Ϣڹ̿Ҫ¶ıʵۣжʳȴС̫ŵ˻ʺϣ֮£ʺʳ
ʺɥδ꣬ʵ۱ͬڹս

ֳֻ֪ʺҲ⣬ʲôڹ̿˶
֣ɱ˼̺
Լժøɸɾû˷֡

ʵæźڹ̣ǳͼλһֻͬʺɥǡ
ɥɣʵصᣬذο̺µĻӡ
СȻʮʵſڽ㻳ޣ֪Ľɱĸ׵֡

۲ԽãֳԽ˽Խ֪¡

ʱѾҪΪͽܵ뷨
˽̫Сˣ۾ֻһĶֵأǰΣɳӦȥأŸҫ۵ĹʣȡøԶĳɾ͡Ͼıߵĳɾ͡

Ϊͽƺе磬ٵһȣ˽ø͸ͻΪͽˡ

ֳһգòͬߡȥͣȥ¥ȾƣΪƵСˡ
Ʊһֳ۽޾ظơ
һر˱͸г裬һ˵Ǻ̬ȣʱæű£ûָи۵ǰģӷͽ˰ȥˡ

ɫǵ׺֮͵гǸƵ˾Ͷһæ˾Ͷһߣֻܽ
ֳһͽǸɫˣϲɺء

˼̺һʱ䣬Ȼٶæµ
ڹսˣһɼ԰ٰᡣ
߽ʿѪܿ࣬Ϊ̰ͼ֣˳ϷҰһ³ޡ
ýʤڹ𣬽һ˲١һ꽫ȵ𣬴콫ʿʦس

Ѹٶ꽫
ֳȻʲôҪʵۣʵ۲ûбȨҪ£ٳĽǸѵĿꡣ

ֳΪٵˣٵȥҪϻλˡ
нһӴðϤ

ֳ˼ãҸʵĵط̸̸

ϳȥֳСС
㣬ֳתߵŮʩԺµʯһ֣Ե˽⿪ʩҪģ
ģȤðӮ˿вͷ
Ӯˣƶɮʩǩֳ΢Ц

ֶģֳ
ӷʩдԵġʱ죬ԵԼʩˡ
СϹЦԼǹġ䣬ֹԱ˵ЩĪĻСУ㵽ʲô

ֳĴһ㱻ʶˣȥαװΰ̾ͷҸʵͽҲ̫ˡ
ǰСգۼһƮƮˣеӶˡٳı顣
ֳݸڵԸԸ»ٻȥңˣ

ˣһ㶡

ֳ϶Ӧ
Ӧ

Ȼգ۾֪ˣȥʲôλ

˳£ΪʦһӣҲΨһĵӡ






72.  ǰɢ   


һ˾ı㲻հǰ˺, ȥҪȥ׷Ѱϴ
ֳȥ硣
ڽûһ첻, ʵ۵ĳ谮󹬵Ȩ, ǰΡ
ֳһ, Сʮһλ, ȥ, õв̤

Ϊֳ˵ûгɳ֮ǰΪʦһֱΪڷ絲ꡣ㲻ȥıô࣬ҲαװԼ, ȥκ¡

ԶȨĸоԭİе㲻ϰߡ
ǰһֱԳơڸ˿ڡ

кβϰߣֳʣڻʹıΪʦ߾ͲزЩˡ
ڻʹȻеΣ, Ǵ̼ѽЦ, ȻˣʦҲͦõ, Ҿ̬е, ʱͺˡ
̵ֳ粻ȷ˽簲ȵȥ, Ƚֻ಻١ͬҲٸꡢɱ˶ᱦšڳϼı֮£綼, ࡣҪҪ㹻ǿ

ʦո˵ҿκ, ҪǴô죿̽
ҲֳݵصΪʦΪƽ
Ҫ򲻹ô죿ʵΪ
ֳЦˣͽ

ֳֻںֳǫͣû͸¶Լʵ֪ǳܾûǿµһ̶ֳȡ

ǿͲʦˡ
˶СʱҴǰˣͬˡֳΪʦܳΪڶ˵ˡ

ֳû̴ڣǺȥǳתһȦԷ羰
þˣֳŲڡ

ʦܣɻص̫ˣͽ䶼ˡɽ
ΪСһʦ񣬡ֳֵǼ״ϰɡ
ȻתˣǰȰͽɽˬʵشЦͽ䣬˲ٺӣҪһΪӣ½һͽ鲻µ
л⣬һͽ͹ˡֳлˣСӣҪ顣
Ŷɽ⺢ΪⰡ
Ͳͽˡֳ

Ǹ޵š
ֳͨһò˶ñȫաڽϵͻûӴãϾ˽ĳΡ
ΪͻٶҲǳ죬쵽Ԫһ꣬Ϊ

ֳʼǷĳЩʣ졣
ĹżѰԭ

ͬʱŸ߲ע⣬ɽֳزϵܡ

̥
̥ҲƵ̥ӵʵ˾ĺһ㣬񰵺

ɽֳҪ¡
ɽһģʮλʿһֳͬ
ֳվµΧһȦܡ
ܣ˿ţǺ⣿

ʦܣͽŰɳͻƻ񣬳ΪڵһɽеֳҪ֪յϣʿ޷Ϊֹ񡭡ڴ겻ʿ࣬ȱĲһʿȱһлʿĻᣡ

ţɽƼҹżϵļأĵȰʦܣŶϾǧ꣬ؿĻˣ㣬Ϸⲻһ˵£¹ʿ
ϣͽϣʦܡֻҪͻƻ񣬾ȥŵʸ񣬼˽ţҵܾͻ÷Ļᡣһ̥˶ܷ

һڻʿضֳӦǿһ̾ͻһӵϽɱ
ֳĬ
Ϊηʮʿڻ˼ʲô谭谭Ǹ

ֳΪһ߼͵ˣΪ˳κζ
ࡷķ̫ߣҪֻѲܱܹͻɽڣǰȴһѡ񡪡ɱ
ɱܻһĻᣬȻܻóࡷַɹʸߣҲȫס

ֳɱ
ǰͼȥȫɱ⣬ңһ

֪ˡȻ෴ֳޱӦˡ

ɽظֳļ磬Ϊ˴

ûֵܵջ󣬳ɽ롣
ʦһӦˣͻƻǾ׼
ʱΪΣһֵܵô໯ʿȻܣֳ뷴ڣ˽ʦͽ˶Թѵж࣬ʤ㡣

ʦܣϸϸ̵Щ˷ʱĶͲѧˣרעΪͻƻ񣬶ιΪĵҩɽС飬㿴Ҳã㣬

ֳģɵصͷ˾סĶ
ʱҹ˯ˡ

Ϣ߽ķ䣬

ˣ££½ֱãȻʦʱк£
СҪ㣬ΪʦȫɱʱһʵԶֳ֣һº͵ʡ
Զ֡ûԥʦûгʹ졣
ţͬһ֪ѡߡֳ˳ĳǾɣΪʦˡ

Уֳ˵˯ɣҽһµĽ
˳ķ䡣
ͷԣȥһ˯š

ֳ֮ҪϿǰܵÿյ棬ȴһ̶ˡ
ֳȥյμ۵ᣬʶȡ̡

ݵδϣ̫ϳƕ˵г衣
ֳ֪ʱëˣϾʱǵŮʣЩòÿСڹ
ʲô£ֳӦҲһ

ʱǹúܿ졣
геӱֳԤƵҪһЩ
ͻԪӤͽЩ֮ºг

֪ûʧȥǣûеĴңͣΪ
뵽ڵļʮ꣬ҾʦųնĥôȥҾ͸еġҵȲҪɱˡ
СЩ֪ɽ̥ߵ͸¶ɵĴʿǻȡ档ֳ
侲ɱɽһУҪɱЩˣɱˡ

ãͻ˻

ûóȻжΪǱҪΪٸЩһɱеҶˡ

üͷ壬׼̥ûбİ취ܷ𣿡
֪ûСа취ͻɽ١ֳΪʱˣͶġࡷ
ֻҸͻƣ˻ûȥϽ硣
ǡֳҵΪͽһԭԼһ֡Сֻ·̫вͻʧУҽֻ·ȴ޷߳
һʦ߳ʦ߳ʱһҵʦ𣬴ط˽硣
ֳһá

޳ˡࡷϵڲֻصΪĲܶһٰ뿪ֻ·ǰҲôֻصԭ
ֳ£󲿷ʱ䶼Ȥ״̬˷ˡ֮ġᵽ֮顣Ȥģô

Ϊ٣ǴڣĴΣսĥԼ
ھԳɽһˡ

ȥɱɽͬʱֳȥڣȥƕǡ
Ƽұ̥صĹżƕǱҲ֪̥ߣټƼһֳҪľתֻزݣֳбҪһˡ

˭뵽һ͵صĵһأƕǾϣڱ֮૵
ܿҾͲˡֳͽ츳
ƕǿ˿Ѫ
ֳһۣСг衣

ƕǣ
ƕ˫ĿȻ

Ӧκ£µȻҲԡֳĮȻֲг衭ˣ㻹ȥɣСɱģÿֲҲ
ƕǵ꣬ȥ

ֳȥϣѽɱѪɺӡ

ɽصһʬ壬ɽʬڵһλڿµɷͿֲļžС
ɽǰ̨ƵزϵѪֳˣϵĳվ߰ɣʦ𡣡

Ǹˡֳ

뿪ǰͷһڡ

𣿡ֳЦ
ûʲôġҡͷ
û᲻嫺ͳӻֳ

ǵͬİ·ˣûʲôġһͷڻζгеĳ졣

áֳ˼Ƭֻ̣ǰʦٸһ
ʲô

һѽĽܿˡֳҲڵӣѽһɡ·ҪԼˡ

磬ǰɢ

˺ܶ¡
תħֳִнӹħħѪȻֳֻء

ںĺʲôֳͲ֪ˣûߡ

ֻгɹһһѡ

һתĿӵϹӡ۾ĶǺڰǰ·޹⣬գڷѩ

ڶתˡ˵ʲôҲѧ˵ֻţһ֣أʳûܰһꡣ

תΪ˼ɵүĸ׶ӶˮȴڰЦˮ

彡ˤԴ̱ڴ׿ŶࡣΪ˲ܿ࣬˽

ڳǽֵСưͣҳ󣬽ұʿȥ磬Ұڡ
ˡ

ٴ

Ȼ˭ˡ
ľ𣬳ٵҵ˹ޡ
Խֻأվطˡ



ڣŵעŻС

ȻƤ˶ˡ

ǿãǲɣ

ת

Сֳػ

С






73.  δ   Զ


ֳʱ廹ľͰ
, ҩҩЧ̫ͣһʱ䲻ӦָѾ

۾ûþ, Ҳ

ʦ𡣡һ

ֳָ˵ľͰԵʾû, ע⵽ϸ΢Ķġ
תõƼ, ܿ˵, ҩ忪, ԺһӱļˣȻӼѣĹ, ûķ

ĵֳߣָ
˼Ƭ̣ӽָóһֳϣˮʪ硣ע⵽ľͰˮеˣȼˮһ¡

ֳòķ
ǿſ۾, ̧ͷӡʱȫȻ, Сʱ峺ʱɬġ, ֳ, ˫һƬ, ִƣЦ⡣

δȻáЦЦ
𴽽ǣʦҲǡ

ֳľͰԵ֣Сķɹ˵ˣȳȥ, СΪʦԼ

áͷת뿪ӡ

Ϸ, ߵԺǧţƵҡΡ
죬ü۲Ծչˡȡ÷ħԿ׵ǲͬģΧ˳˲٣ľƽͣº߳С

ʱֳƿš

Ļɫ԰ףϴЦΪСİϣյ߶볳֡
߱ԸӰСĵڱ֣СıСʱаʱߴߴֲͣȴһӳΪֳҲܺõ

ǧվЦӯӯʦ
ֳʯҲ࣬档

ЩΪʦúÿ㡣ֳ
һ㶣ǰһ¡

ֳ̫Сӻûߣ΢ӣֳ˳ͷ
˳ķ˿»Ƶظüǣա

⸱ģڷ˽ʱӣʱʮꡣֳջ֡
⻯СһЩգ۾ʦת֮ʹǰòȻͬˣŻЩϰء
ϰߣֳһЦ
СǸ꣬˽˵ҲģʦСó˵ҵȻ᲻ϰˡȻʦ𲻱⣬֪㻹㡣
ֳָÿֻصҶңСͬңҵһ֡
ҶСʦ𣬿ʦС𣿡
㻹ôֳЦſһ䡣

ϰںòߣ˺ˮΪԼֳ衣
꣬໰Ҫ˵Щ˴˶ûҪ˵ֻ·ɵϲáʦͽϲöĵײ˵ڣʱһ䡰δӱУάԵĬʼ̸۱¡
˶ԶҪ¡

ֳһڲˮ˵˵ɣʲô֪ɽʧܱؽħ
һʱΪٽ㣬ȻȻؾˣҲòȥɽ١Ϊ˶ɽѾ׼֣ɱشʿץס˻Ὣѹ
Ϊ̫ˡֳ㼸׼ʱ䣬δػصĴˡ
ҲɡЩѲˣ̸ЩѾûˣ֮ǶȡöħԿףұΪ
ħԭˣǼϹŴıֳ˼һ󣬡û´ĻöԿӦ÷ֱڱܡ
ȷˣѾȡں񻪶ԿףںԺԿʱûϢ
ֳĪЦˣҲ²£ڵԿӦ֮ڣ񻪶ԿǵĻɽ޵Ķ𣿡
ԡ°ͣʦ֪
ҵ˼ڳϣ˽ڣְȫĵطǼ񻪶Ļɽޡֳյڵʳʱ£񻪶ĻɽͻȻٻɽţħ޳룬ŵĳϡҲֱʣõԿס
ʦȫ¶ˡΪֳ˲衣

Ľ˭ֳ
;ĽĲԾ֮ȷĽĹϵǱѰ
ҵĲ£ĽʦֻغȥɨƽħĽսʱ£磬ʦ˵
ֳһۣƺ
񻪶һ£ĽЭңΪ˽ʮġǰȥݣΪ̽Կ׵صء

ΪʦͲˡֳ֪һȫ
ᴵˮ̵ĲĽһصľһҷ˵ĽһϷɣϷħĽʱߡ

㱻ѹ󣬲ѱ˰ɣֳƽʡ
ѽûǣҴħȥϴǰľɲش

ˣһ¡ͻȻճħˣҵˡ
ֳЩȵü⵹ҵϣұΪǺӵĵĻӼᶨһЩһֱĺӡ
Щӡ

ֳ˼
ǰҪǴħİԿȡںԺҲᣬԺԿȴܲµںδ
ǰһʦȻ֪
ǲ²⣬ȷֳεԺܿһСؾؾǰѿһǧˣÿʮǻῪһؾǲŵȥؾһڣʮſһΣνѵĲص㡣
ԺĽ̽
ʱ䣬ٹһ£ԺûῪһؾҪٵʮꡣֳ¶⡣
ͷصһġ

һ꣬һֳеĲյûúͬ˵ˡ
ոһֱ˵ҵ£ʦû˵Լ¡ؿֳֻأʦʲô
ֻΪ࣬ȻǿѡտྡǰĥҲʲôˡֳ˱ۣ̫Ժɡ
ֻأÿһǵ֮Ѳô׶ɹģЩ֮˳٣ĥ˵־˱ĿȫǣҶֳ߳ˡ

ʣʦɹ˽٣֪Ϊʱָ
¡ֳֻؼҲڻΪָұ㲻ǻڶǶɽˡ

ܾãʦǰȺһ㡣
ֳȻ漴Цʣ˵˵ˣ
񡣡ȷŵصǰһ
仯ȷʵеģҾһ仯ֳ֡κﶼ仯Ψʦһ㣬Զ䡣






74.     ɻϵó


ֳҪӦǻָΪ, ϥھڵϢ
˵Ϊֱָתɽ, ɹ١

ν٣ָʿϵĥѡ޵һ;, ٣ʿﵽߵľ, Ҫһһĥѡ
ͻڱȹߵ׽, ͻƵԪӤһ, ˽ٿԼǱܶ֫ϻͯԪӤͻһνѣ˽ΪԪ٣ɹһʶ, ʶǿ
ڻͻɽڵ٣нյġ֮£궼شˣֻӲذȥ̥, , 

ԭʿڻھͿԳԴŷɽˣԪŨȱȲɽ, Դƶ, , ֧Ųʿɽ١ŶϾ󣬳Զɽٵʿһһ, ȫ֮¡
ֻصȴԪľ
Ǽ޷˳ͻɽڣҲ޷ŷϽ硣

Ȼǧȥˣת

ӲȻ, ֳҲֻ̤·ɹ
ֳķ©֮滻֮ѣδ֮֮࣬˳ܹ˱١ķѵʱǷձӲٵһЩ
ϾϺɽǰûκһλʿ֮´

ֳΪָħɽڵĴʿ

պĽϵ򣬱۾ʼ˼

ʦ˾ɣͽ˰Ρ

һСݣе㲻û˵ʲôϲ㰡ϵһ
ǰʦˣǺ¡ҿ԰ȫľѰԿˡ

ڿʦôôòζС˵ʱ仯̫ˣŲҲ֮ǰĸоȫһ

Ϊֳϥ

۽޴£˱һžţƴڸвߣȴԺӡ
Сɢ˸еѹֵ
ֳеĪļ£èһ

Ҹое㲻Ծô
ЦˣħʦģħĽ飬֮һЩϵӦϵӰ졣

ħΪýʩչˡѰ١ҵֳת֮˵ħ֮ħϵ˱ֳˡ

ֳ֮ǰһ棬ὣֳֻǴΡ
԰˵ֳλʦ˽ú١

ϵĽˣô˵ǿԼתע
ʦ˵ûԺȷʵҪ¸֯һؾԼʮӲС
ʮӦɣ֮ǰȫûдԺСؾϢǲصʵϧûв͸ǽʦ֪ǷѾ˼ڲصء
ȷԿ׾Ͳؾ⼸ʺܴҪȥؾ̽顣˴㡣
ü²òĽͨ죬ǿдؾ𣿡
׼װ磬ԺǰؾźĽԺϸΪ߲𵤣Ӵĸ߲ܣԺײеϸ֮
ԺѡɵǰؾǰȽһŴȣǰʮʤʸȥؾֻҪѡʵϸȡʤٰӣõˡ

źǸķͬԺ˽֮أʣڵԿװϢҲûС
ֻܵˣҽĽעڻʿĶ򡣡̬ƽȣ֮⣬һǾһʿѻꡣ
ܣȻ򵥴ֱҲʧΪһֺ÷죬ܻʿҪͬʱϲװɡĽһУţϷħʦûָΪųһ飬ȥֻϷһá
šף絽ʱҪܻһϷɽ

˵ʲôȴȻ⡣

ôˣ𣿡
ˡ΢΢ü⺢һسס
㡣ֹ

ȥʱѾԺˡ

µʯϣʦײ߻û

˼ϵֻյ
ֻյڴ˺Ȳ裬һ˭Ľ

ܵϢӽת¶Цݣʦʱˣô֪һ
ջģݵ˵ʱ䡣ɫ糣кЦ
񻪶커ɽޱնɱϢ磬ʦӦ˳֪Կȡ𣿡ĵ
Ȼȡˡ

Ľûʦһ𣿡״ʡ
ûСһۣЦе޿κΣʦܣлֱ˵ǰòװװȥģ֪ĽԸ뿴
ɫ΢ؿһ
֪ʦĵεġε

˴𰸣еɻ󲻼ʯյʦ˲Ľֻ˭
ǱˣǱˣֻǡʦԴۣ
ݵ΢ʦĵλ֮ʦûȤһ衣
ֱе㲻

ʦո˵ǰװװȥҿɷʦһ⣿̧
û¶õɫʰɡ
ʦں˭裿̽˽¶е죬æȵҾе棬ʦ㲻شҲûϵֻʦ֮ǰҲźþûʦһȲˣһš
оˣõľڿ״̬ľǸ˺ʦͬһ
Ȩ⣬ʵǡ˭ǡ˭һΪ˽˵ĵطܽȥĿ϶ʦϵ㹻ˡ˭Ĺϵ̶ֳȣ

ıϸ΢ı仯

ûü˵ʲôҲûüƷζı仯ζʲôݵžͿˡ

źµ˳ɨһԺӡ
һֻСģ˳䣬̬ȴڿһſûעϡ

ϳǰˣʦԺСۡ

Ϣɢ֮ǰ֮

ͬһȻȷ˭ˡ

СֳϵСſ͡
ʦϢˣͷʣоΣ
ЩˡֳȻ⺢ʱˣҲûʲôˡ
ʦ˵ĶԡЦʵûģҲûҪû뵽ʦ˵ǰˡ

ֳЦһ£ſ䣺Ϊȴǰɳ˲١һ꣬ɻϵóң

ͫһĲ²⡣
ϤϤ̬״ƽʵĮ̬ȣʦĳƺＸ˴𰸡
ԽܵĴ𰸡

ֳＷ֡






75.  Կ   һݵ


̼Ťˡ
ͫɫ, ħպͲӣЩпƲסס

ô᲻ǵֳˣĺû˥
ʼʦ, ģ˵Ϊ, ΪһɡһֱţʦǱп, ܵ˹ƻв, ֳܵвȡ
Ǻֳһս, ش˳Ļ룬Ѵ֮˳ȴֻĵһƳ

ֳƳ, ƺһ
̵ӡʵ˿̹ĵĽѵÿÿ룬ֻòʺ衣벻ʺȣʦ޷صߵʹǿҡ

ֳƽߵµʯ, Ҳλ, ûѶŵϡ

̬⸱ģ
䱻ʹˣֳĴʱʱ̿Сȥ, ΪѾͻ, ǰ·һЦĺӡ

ͬʱ, ʦֳ
뵽ʦ㣬زͷ, ȻԭأûжĶҲûжı, ˫ų䡣
ƺڹ۲ķӦƺںʲô

һӴĿ⣬񱻽һͷˮһ˲ˡ
кɱⱻסħƽ

һ
һϢ䣬沿飬¶ļҲʧˡ

ԭʦ壬ŹھȣЩʧˡŻȷʵδˣʦ塣
޷ֳɫ䡣

ֻһĻ쳣г˼顣
һҧгħߺ޲ðνɱֳһתòʺ̬ȱ仯֮Ŀ࣬ᵽһ˿ζ

һȻˣƳɱ̬ˡֵֹض˵

Ҳе㾪ȡ
һΪǰأξȻˡ

뷨ʱԭ
ǲֳǰʧ̬·磬סά档ֳᱩ¶Լһ棬
Գ޵ģȴ޵ģΪֳҲܳסȥ
ô̷̬ܲ

һΪסֳŵϢ
ˣҵļƻʦҲҪԳĽôܲ²ʦϲԾĵطͷ¶βû˼ֱ˵ˡ
Ҳǡ

仰лǰЩʱʦ㣬ɻΪζһġ
ֳδ𻰣ڵʦ֪Եˣ
˳ضЦЦǡʵʦЩҵġ
šʱʦħת׶Σ״̬ȶҾû˵˸
׵ؽɣû˵ʲô
Ŀϣȥֳ

ĵĻȵɣ̸ˡ˸䣬⼸ڿж򣿡
˵£ɫЩһʦϣʦִ񻪶ȥ֮м˷ħԿס֮ǰҾѾõļԿ׷˽ȥҴҿһۣûܷǸٻ
⼸æЩʲô˼ʡ
æź͸ڽǢ̸Կ׵¡ڸڶѾõϢ䱸ˣԷﲻϡ񻪶䱻նɱһǺǲǵħжǸޣڼԿ׵ͬʱħ򡣡
ԨæЩʲô
Ҳ֪ҡͷңٳǰںʦæͬһ°ɡ 

ڶͷӦ̫ˡЦǵֶԸʱֶλǼıȴѴ󲿷ʱ䶼ͳƤϡ
ȵʦ㣿һȺں֮ڰˡ

ͳ佻̸ʱֳʯԾغȲ衣
һ׵׵ˡ

һ仰û˵꣬ͻȻסˡ
ôˣæʡ
ֳҲתͷ¶ѯʵĿ⡣

ȥҳˣҪȥٿһ˿˵꣬صڡ
뾲ΪȻֳҲ˲յȥͬʱߵſڡ

侭ݵ˼Ǻֳ벽ֳн롣

ϥľ϶ڼװչصĳ˿



ڣɽ

ʶһӹܳ赵ǣ嫱ߵ˽ơ
һ˿ȷûκ©򿪽ƣ߽

ʲôˣʦܡģ³赵еʣڹϣûд£ǲұչصġ
ûзǰĳѾһˣƣɫ񻪶ķħԿױˡ
ʲôʱؿų¶𾪺ͷŭɫô£һһ˵
ĺɵģ񻪶䱩ߣǳ룬ϸٿѾûˣؼԿףǴһϸе֪ԿĶ嫱ǰδеأֲΪǽԿ֡
ڵԿס
һ룬嫾ͽˣڵԿȥû⡣
ǾͺáʦܣЩʱˣ¾ƽţͳš
áûзԣòʱҲֻˡ

һ̽鱨ĺʱò񻪶ԿȻڣںԺǱߡ
֪ʱ˵ȫʵ̫嫷еɻ󣬽ɡ˵һһõģöԷ벻Ч
ģ鷢ĵһʱҾ֪ںԺǼֿԿסüģɼȻܷġ
ںԺ񻪶첻ͬڵĻʿ٣񻪶ǰԿӦް˵ʦڵı飿
ԡ嫳صصһͷ񻪶ϸΪн𵤣ȥ񻪶ʱһλԪӤڵųߣĵӣ˾ȻܱĽ׽߷ģͬϸֻһϸ

Ȼˣ̫ĵ
һѾռȻڱ

ʦܵĵĲ޵Ҳǵصڻ᲻Ҳг֮ˣ
Կ׵Ϣֻлʿ֪޴ӵ֪嫵ʵһ飬֪
ʦ뾡˵
嫳Ĭ˺һ󣬲ŵ롭ݻٷħԿס

˵ʲôüͷһ塣

ֻҪϻԿףôᱻҵ嫵һٴݻ٣һݡ

ֱˣ֪ζʲô𣿡

֪пܻ¸ڵķԣЩʿѾˡһ룬пܴھǸ𣿡嫿ЦԿ׻ٵɣ޷Ȱ˵ŻٵԿףǾͻٵԼԿס

棬ɬȻ






76.  ִ   ⻰дʲôѽ


ٵħԿס϶ѾǺܾ˰ɡ侲Ŀ
ǡ嫵, ҿǺܾãʼû¶ġֱǰЩȥһħ
Ҳ, Ůһӡ
ţһ仯ûС嫵, ûб仯ȴ, , ľظˡÿ, ŶҪۼһ̴£ͨħ򣬻۴˽, Щضֳ֡
Ĭؿ嫣˵ȥ
һεĴڱչûв룬֪ܲһ½ʿ, Ϊ, ｻķָȻսȻܵ˲˵ͬ
仰Ц, άֺ˳赵˵˲֪, ޴
, ʵⲻܹ̾, СһʿûоʱһŮħͷ, ǲ֪ζʲôѰоѧýĺӣһһ˾Եƽ硣

ĽһԻЩ֪֮ͽջǵ顭Ҫ״ݻٷħԿ׵ԭ𣿡ԶסžĿܡ
ûƣصͷ
˼֪ˡ׼ٵԿס˼һ˲׵ؾʹӦ
ڵԿǼٵģٵҲʲô¡
ħԿϹʱڴģʼͣһ㷽ãҵļƻǰӽҶݻʯɽĵػҽУգԿȻ١嫵
áף£졣ϣ±Ⱥ֪ˣ˵Ҫˡ
ģһὫ°ס΢٣ΪδȣɣڽǢ£
ţЩ½㣬Һܷġ嫵İ⣬˿֮ͷ¶Ƚס

ұչصʱգЩ𣿡ΪҪı֣ŹʦֵܶǷ֮£Ҫһһǵ
ȻΪ䵣ǣɷȻϷɷ֮ҲˣʱҶᱻйɷ֮Ӱ졣Һܵħɣа

嫹񣬿ϧǳһѾħˡ

ȷʵǸشǳ˿ǰûκηӡͳЩ
ɫ˰˵
ת̽һϢԨںδӻҪлٳ¡
Ԩֶݡݡհݵȵħ޻ļǰȥˣһʱز״̬ȶԵΡΣҲðȻչء嫵Ϣһһֱûͣʱ򡣡
ħޡҪúõĵ顣ɫʦܲΣⱾӦְ𡣡

ô᣿ĽСĽֵµ˶ϲܱ¶١ڶػħ޲Ľˣ˭
ħ뿪ֱֻĽھӪѵǱħ˶

һȥڣͬǵ̸Կ׵£ʱڵԿһһߣӵɽҽա嫵ҺԨڵʱźͳͰˡ
Ұġħһ£á



ɹ̴£Ԩǰȥħ򣬳ħ赱Ƴ˿

ڣ¡
ƿȨˣֻų赵˿ʩܶ¡ҲɵӣЩ¿̫ԡ

ѿںĵһ¾ǿֳۣ֮
⴦صԪ棬ʦΪָٶӦһЦе

ĵڶ£ϳһɽбչصڻʿ²ĻڱչгþѲЩʿѸߣԪʣ࣬Ѵ֮͵ˡ

£ѡһЩǱϴŵӣħӡħӡҪܷʺϷųߵ㡣

ӹüģ˯ĵطԼĶᵽ
Ҳڣͷܡ
Ψһ㲻á

赳û˼ά˿޷ʾдˡ
ֻķǵݽ
ַµһģһ˿

ȱԣһ̲ס֮ǰǱħ齣顷ζض

͵˰Уһζ档⼸ûѹ˺ܶ࣬һˡˣ嫰ѳ赴ӱչصĶнгΪſ
ֻ»Ӷ˼˼顣ʵ̲ȥˣͰѱһӣûصССôôƨ¶ҪģȦ˼ͷҪͨҡ

µڵꤹ˼Ȧù˸սֳ¡

ֻݸһЦϵС򣬷ɵץʷ
ֳʵֲͷˣ
ƨ̫࣬ܲ𣿡ƵҪøЩëƤСͨңǷ񼡣

ˡֳߵߣЦɣҪѹˡ
ӯشԾ£ЦеҲЩˡ
ãҰֳεؿһۡ
лʦ𡣡͵仰ˡ

ֳ£ʾͱԱߵһע
ħ齣顷֣ۡ
ԽԽ΢
ϣֳŹֵؿڵйӰջʲôû˵
ذԭλװʲôûп顣

ʱĽϢ

ħˣѾͨԺ£֪ħ˺ʱпգħһͬǰԺȥؾ̽顣Ľ
ʱпաڸػħޣ˭𣿡
ˡĽ˺⣬һ֪ߵغ½ħˣӪ˼˵ͲҺϷɷħǣ»òģ»ԼƽġײʲôؽҪĴ£ĴԨעҲǰһѡ
ħС£ǻĴƾǴˣûļƻ̫Ӱ졣
ûĽຮѾ͹ҵͨš

ͷֳʦҪ뿪һʱˣȥԺ
֪ˣעⰲȫֳϰԵС

ǰĴΣȻС
֮ΪԼˣֳÿ뿪ǰһ䡰עⰲȫ

뿪ʱ򣬳赵˿ͽʦˡԼڵ飬Ҳһиʦˡ

ֳЦõá






77.     벻־һ˲


Ľʱ, ʱ֡

Ѫľǲɵĩ·Ľ˵
СĽ˵עϦɽ֮ʣѪɫư, Ļ˳ɫ
Ľǫ˵ʵ

ȡۣȴȥ
ڷվ, Ľϵħؾزٿ˿𣿡
ʲô¡赵˿ίи˱˲, ֻлϾˮ˿ͺá⡣

Ľиֳɻ֮ɫ
, ָܱ˾ôȻħ, ħ˵ĸԣȻѳ赵˿ٿءǸСħ˲ὫôҪ齻
Ľų, ûµ赵˿˭ƹܡ

ؾ⴫Ϣҽؾڼʲô⣬ֲʱ
ؾԳһС磬кͨϣʱĽͻȫʧȥϵ, ȲʵʱָӲ, Ҳܼʱ´ͻ¹ʡ
Ժؾʮ죬ʮ˵, ˵Ҳ, ҪźһС
ؾڼյ鱨, »ȥϷҲд;ϡԸçײЩ, ڴϴӲħ˿ԷġĽ
֪˶٣ֵ, Щ鱨ȥϷɴӡһһģһȥʲô·ϷȥˣǸ˵Ϊ׼

Ľͷһͨ͸ʹһʱҲ벻ΪҪš
˭Ǹô˵ΣεϷ˵ҪǣΪʲôûдǸ˵ֻƬ
Ľƽһ˿ƣʧȥ˶Ρ

˼ˡ΢΢̧Ľգ˵ͨࡣ
ĽܵȵĴУʯͷͻȻءʲôħ˶ܲµԵ޹ʵط
ǣĽֱ׵ˣΪʡ
ʦ𣬲ԻֳµĽʵı飬ת壬С

Ľ

亹һð˳
ħ߰ź۵ӡĽʱ޵ƹǸССꡣ
Ļɣǰͷ˲赹ˮڣû¾СÿοС¶ֹãȻмʧίɫĽͻᰵˬһ¡ʱɲסˣΪħ˶Сܲһ㡣
ʱɲסˣûниƣȻ롣

ЦʮִСŵģ϶û뵽СʦתţȥⱨӦ˰ɣ
ˬĽҲн죡ֵú޲ܷŹұڡ
ɽע⵽µı飬ֵȴ
ڹⶺŪĽ뿴ǺַӦ
ʶʵ˲䲻ˡ
һĽǰʦǰʦ𣿡Ǵȫͷᡣ

Ļش˰ʵʵĻ롣
ôأʦ˵ġ

ر졣

ħˡĽۿǰز𣬡֮ǰ֪ԻݣԵðħԭ£

һ໰Ҫȴסˣ߷ߵضװ

סĽ󣬰СĽ˼֪ġԼŰͺá
仰º͵ĿˡĽ
ǣˡҪȥٱ湦Ҫ
ʲôС˼һ֮ǰʲôͬǵúʱ͸øɴϴŵʲôʱʲôʱ򲻸ԣֵú塣ѣռķ
ֻ಻ĴŻʱװͿ

ּԼʦмġ
ܵʦ𣬲Իֳв֮ǿߵͷ㶪ˣĽ֮

ˣ̰ɡԺںݣ·;ҪѲʱء
ǡĽü˳۵Ӧ



縹أɽ٣ƽԭ
󲿷ֲֶȺɽ֮£ԺΨһһûռţʵռͳڴˣܾܲǨݡ
˵ԺûлһԴḻؾֲ˲㡣

ԺʿΪޣʽѰ޶вͬ
ԪΪõĵޣ޸˽ġͨա¡ǣԣ׷߾硣

˷ޣޡںݵ
Ľһ·˳쳣ǰ찲ؼĻڹ
޴ظħʵĽ͡
ʣҲͬԭȺͺ¿޺˵ر𰮹¡

䣬ΪȥµᣬڱϯţµĹ㳡żٺŹͷľоʱ̫һգЩͷͿʼ⣬ôۡ

ݣлˣ

ǻиµС˼Ľģ
ôһ£ģû˵仰˭֪ǸۣһͻˡԲСгÿΣҲϲͷ
˾ͲǹͷˡƲ졣
˭֪ôˣòЩ¡

׷˲֪ܸǵá

Ľߵһҵ͵µǰܣںľݵˡ

ڶݣĽľݵ¥ݣĽҪӪУڶĺݣ
ĽжԵģںֵطк¥һܳþõظȥһܡ

ŵ̴ľ㣬֮İ
ĽһܣԺԺȺ

ȻĽϸһһŮΪֻ
ΰ£ˡòŮ
󣬼ˡһҲһ

ħˣѡˡͬеٮٮߣõǰʮʤǰǱܻؾĽг

ֻ̬ȣðĽȷһǹؼʱ̵ûõʤզ죿ҪһʼͰǵӲμɴȵˡ

ҪûǴĻԺҪȶҪ黭ĽҲ١
ͦˣЩ绨ѩµĶȥ벻ôó黭

㬵ˣû˵ɣЩ߰⡣






78.  ؾ   һϷ


Ժվʤ, ռǡ
ʿĶ࣬Ľݾһ򿪸Ͽ¥˿, ŮŮƶԳ

ֻصĸо
Ҵܻ˿ͬڷ˿Ҳ, ں˿ö

޵ĺ͵޵ǲͬģ׷󳬷, ׷ٳ, ص, ֮ٿ֮
̻޵սͬʿϲ١

ĽϸѼܱÿճϡ
СĳʲôȥЩط, 󵽽Ӽʲôˡ˵ʲôϸţͳͳ¼ЩϢ̫׼ȷģֻƬЩϸ͸, ҲǷ涼̽鵽
ܱĳŵ»ݱ¼ޱ꾡, ĸ˵ʲôʲô鶼¼һֲ˵ϸڲŸ߲֮䣻ܱнἰϺʱεؽӼ˺, ôϸǿش΢Сɫ

ܱȴĶ, һ춼оܱ
ϸоܱǺйصġȥĸšĸ̸µ̸˶á̸ʲôȥں, ȫٶûϸƿء
嫺ڵ£˳, ԭ죬ں񻪶첻ͬ˵ҲλϵĻʿʱ, ΪίصҪԴ󣬿ǸһŵƢֵòɢ
ף嫱ǰӴڵĳϺͷ̬ϸȷĻظ

ϸϢĻӦúܿͻ뿪ˡ
òûκ塣

ԸоܱעģɷܱĹ˵ǿζģϰڲܱʱ¥µ
Ľ٣Ѻݡ¥µĽݴѡ

յܱˡ
Ľűϡܱһѣһѣػܱע˲ͬɫɫҲҪ鱨
鱨ȻһǺɫġ

ɵǷݺɫһ洫˳

ڵԿײʯڣֻϿԽôܻᱻ˽Կףسϴɷģûôһ

ĽһϢֱЩħˣһöԿҲˣ

˼ضе򣬰޻

ħˣĽСػ

鱨̫ˡӸĽ㿴֡
һע鱨˭ддǡǸԪӤʿϢʱһϿм¼ģ뿪µæ鱨͸ˡ

𣿡صص
ˡĽһͨͬȻǸ鱨

ħԿ׵ܱر꣬ÿŶֻлʿ֪ܡ
һԪӤʿܲŴ²Ϊ棬ûʸ֪ħԿ׵顣ڳϻ˼꣬ôصμµ˵Ҫ鱨ֲǸɵӡ

ǹ͸¶ЩϢûǵ𣿡ĽѾŸ߲ڹˣųϢ̽
ӣǲĸϸСģڼ嫵ʱˡ
пܡĽ»ϸΧûĴ

ʵ嫵Ļжߡ񻪶һľɸڲϸһˣһھȥҳ˵£ԴҲ벻Ѿˣ˵ҡ
ǣǰվɻΪʲôôʱ嫳»룬ҲǸϢ嫺ݵһϷءѹûвͣװһӣΪϸСĽҪء
ǡĽͷµʧְ
ļıûЧڲǷ𣿡͵ǿԶӹעҪж
ĽĴ˹ʶ᲻ͬ嫴ݻٷħԿ׵飿
пܣǲܶžµķֻܼӿٶȣҵԿס
Ľһݣˡ

ʣµ򣬿һҪ뿪ڵϢģѾ뿪ˡ
ҲһĿԺɡĽƶ
ȷЦˣһԿ׾Ժ嫺ǵĿһ
·ꡣĽ̾

ҲкϢΰº󶼽ɴǰʮˣպǾҪǰؾ
ǺϢһǵ֮СĽħӦ֪Ժؾعɣ
һЩ

ЩؾһЩصĹ򡣱еؾֻµʿ룬еؾΪʧеؾժֲеؾᶨڱΣ쳣
Ժƹܵؾ
һнؾʿΪᱻǿѹƵڡ
ڶؾڲɱˡ

һ򻹺ãнؾ˶Ϊ˵ȫѹ
ڶͱȽϹˣʿؾڶֻҪʹɱУ㲻ܵؾӰ죬κһɱУô˶ᱻǿƴͳؾ

ԺؾԴḻ޺ȫɵڲ֮
ĽؾбצŲڱؾ

ƽⷽģĽЦ޺ģǻǲɱУȴʹһЩصֶΣԶж߾뿪ؾʱȻȥ
ŶⷽȽʵáǽȥΪѰԿףǱҪҪ֦

ʱܿȥˡ

Ľװ磬ϢػԺڡ
ǽǰȡϸļ䣬Ա֤ԡˡʱ¶쳣һ·ʮ˳ûԺӵĻɡ

Ľ̤ԺķۣǷɵǽߵƽԭϣƽԭ·Ȼһ󷨽ؾ޴Ķߡ

Ԧ۵ʿ˫ֽӡ󷨽Ʊ򿪣ǽ붴֮С
ŵ¶ߵͷǹͺͺʯڡţʯϴ޵Ŀռ䲨
һڵѷſؾ顣

Ƕ֪ҾͲٶ˵ˡԺʿָѷȥɣǻʮգʮպǹڡ

ϣﲻҪʧؾĽ
һΪħҵԿ׵ġĽᶨػص






79.  ̥   ķ

ص㡤ؾԺƹܵؾԴḻ, ԴأнΪεؾ򡣡

Ժؾ˻ᱻ͵ͬλá
Ľʱֿˡ

վ֮л, ֻ΢Сĳˮ

Ҹܹˣħûܵ, ƬؾĹԡˡԡ
ǵ, ҵΪݵѹƵ, ħûм, ֻܷӳСˡӵóۡ

ʮ죬ҵԿ𣿡Χ, Ƭؾƺر󡣡
ĬطųʶΪģʶǵķΧţ̾ӵ˷Բ⡣
ʱջʶǿǿ̽鵽һؾ߽, û, ؾаɽô󡣡
ȻôԺ˹ʺˣҵ⴦ؾ, ֲûλڡࡣ
ɽɽ, ䷶ΧԶɽڵ, Ҳ֪ԺʦүôؾƿȨġ

ҵʶѰĽټؾлʧȥá̧ͷűïܵס, ܿؾһˣҺͷ̽ؾӦܿһЩ
̧ٻħ, ħͣգżһڽУ֣ߴɭ֡
ɽݺύïܵĴֳֳīɫ

룺㣬ҪķħԿײģ
ⶫ϶أңһһȫصĵط
ؾ㹻㹻ȫ𣿡ʡ
϶طʮſһΣηǽеʿΪᱻѹƵԺڲĵӲʸؾֵصҪⶼذȫ벻ʲôطҪˡ
˵ĺȷҲԺʿҲô롣ؾ㹻ȫħԿҪǲԿ׵һ䣬ӦҲ˼ذؾѾǸܺõصˣؾӶֶαԿǶһ١

һԺžǸޱصӣҪӼ㱣ô죿
˵޵Ц¸طɣԿײҲԿױؾɽ
Ƶȷ
ʹĽˣҸձѹԺƽɽ֮λͬҶôһ˽⡣˵棬ǡɽһƣһб㶼ˡ
áӦһ

ħȻؾĸ߷塣
ؾΧʵ̫ħٶȣϵǶҪСʱʱ䡣

ҪͨڵӣΪ֧ŷ齣ôãϻΪ޵ĻӣܵҪǿƴߣòʧʵʵ·
ͲùЩԼħȥΣȥȥ·ʱ䣬ζȥ

ؾ죬һӡϵ
ؾһ磬֣֮ްҹ֣֮ԶǵĻɫ
ʾͬͦȤġҪһر仯ͺˡ
ܣؾȱΪһıҪ֪ؾĳ𣿡
֪ҭһ£Ѫмûἰ֪ⷽʶ
ؾͨһһƬΪƬγɵġĵؽ⣬һһô䵽һССؾͬʱСӪ첻ԶֻάСӣܳ󡣡
ԭˡ

Ű⣺һʲô˼
ήˣȥˣ˼˽һСһòСɽǲʿ׷ʵǴɽ磬ǴһתƵһøߴϣü
һкܶࣿʡ
û϶˰ʡ
ήһҲܶࣿǵƬڵⷽ磬ϲؾĲˡ
ûٴο϶

ҪǰѾûˣһᱻֱ亹

Ͱ͵ģڵⷽ粻Ϸˣǲζš
ǵġƽȵ֧ⷽġήˡ
ήˣͷĿѣҲһ𣿡
ǣµĺܶԡ΢΢ͷĿήҪһ̣ǧΪҪıǨŸոտʼأĴ󲿷˶һ졣
Ŀࡣ

ŵġЦ
˵Ⱦţһµӡع˼Ǵʲôʱ֪Щŵģ

˵·ֹһʣһ·ɱ̥׼ķأ
ɱ̥ţ൱ǸҪʩ˸ʣݵػ֧ʿϷַվα겻αĿǲġ⣬Ȼбİ취һ̥߸ޣñĶأ
ô̥ñĶʲô˼ԽԽе졣

ʿֵȻʿѽЦЦеʿ׼ڴؿػû⡣ɱ׼һ̥öˣαα

׼ʿֱԼˡ

ǵɱˣǧ
ʱѪأͿ̿һ綼Ϊݹǵķڣ

ЦŪ㣬ֻôѡ
ҡûôɥĲ񡣡ڶ㲻롭
ţüʲôأС˵·ֹһҲֹ

һֻȻɡ
Ž磬̫µ£ʱеߣϾԸһʱ־ǸķӣȫȫˣΪ˴ĿĲֶΡ

ĮĮҲ顭¾£Ӧòȥ
ߴ̫ãɱϣĵͷأ˿̰ӡ󡪡ħɱ˲գ۵Ůħͷ

ôʲôһʡ
˵е㸴ˡӣȻ¾򵥵öࡣЦκһ綼һö𽥳ɳ󳤳ɴģöӣʵʩַǰ
ӣظ

Դ̥ӳɳһʼӵȻҲһ̥ŽµȺɽ֣ˣڵؾͬһԴ㡯һöӡһ̥

˵̥֮ľ̥̥ͨݻջݱ
ǸؾЩعԭЩǻεġδεġ򡱡

ؾҲ̥
΢΢ͷ̥һλƬģҲؾ롭Ҳ֪Ժؾ̥״̬ΣֻҪõͿҵ̥
С̽ҵ̥أ
ߡЦе






80.  ɽ   Ⱥ


ؾɽ, Ȼһɽ
ɽһĶڽ뵽ɽڲ۵ĶѨü
ĶѨԹ, ѨҪӡ

ͷʶȻʶһȥţ뺣ʧӰ١
ɢһֵĲ, ƺܸܿľ󣬲ʧɥʧС

Ұ˵ʾ
ص㡤ؾԿߡؾ֮, йĪȻ, κ˽붼᲻֪ʧλ

ҶԵطˡ԰, Сε̥ҲЩ΢ǣӵұıܡǽӽ, ڶڴתһ͵ƶɵ̥ԱֶΡ
ʶ̽Χ·𣿡ǵ
ᡣ̥ؾĸ, ǽؾǽ̥ƿصĵ, طҲӰ졣Ӷ, ҲԺԿ׶Ҳ, Ȼðײáŵȱذؾ̽ʮ͸, ǶȻ߲̥ǰϾС̥Ҳ̥, ǵ˿ԽӴġ

ǵ˿ԽӴ
Ȼǡˡ˵̥ܶǾһܶ

߳뷨𣿡
߲Ǿͻٵƽص

ָһ, ɽͼһߡ
ؾѹΪĹˣħơгȻħƣôɽͼһơصһٶȻʿȫóˡ

һٶȫų˲٣˷ľûˣǳ֡
ظɫľᣬɽͼСкܾûŷˣһʹˡ

ħ̤ͣ࣬ħɵɽĸ߿ա

׳ɽͼľӭչڵڻд̤㣬

һɽһǬ

Ȼ졣

һɽͼ񻪶ǰĻɽ䣬أԱһСɽ
һֵǺɡĿ͹һΧ࣬Բʮɭ̼Ӵ̱ÿ轹ƣʧؾ£һֱؾΨһ̫ľ֦ȼգعѣ߸ɺ֮

ö½ǣƬ˸޳زõΧζȦˮк˺ɴȡ
Դˮû˸ɺߵء

ɶԿһֳۣ˳䣬׸ŲһҪɼܡ

ؐףɡ
ĺ˸飬ֱ̽ʵʵشԭء

䡢ɺ֮һһ޴ɽͼͷ˳
ëĻϷͨ׵ĶޣӴ䶯Ļߡ

޷׷ټɽһһ޵ӰռݣɫʸķĴ졣Ǹ̾ᣬ˴˾裬ȴְֱֱյӰȴ

ƽ³һ֣

Ƣĺȶ֣˫ӳҽ·ɽһͨңʯĽӣɽͷת˲䱻һӵһߡ
Ӵ䲻ʾֱֱǰĸ߷壬ԴͷһײɽζֲĲ
Ϸ³ɽѷӿͬɽ緢˳ꡣ

ʹԼóĹֶΣһյʱ䣬ؾߵɽ嵹һ롣ɽǸɽõɽ٣Ȼʧȥá

õ̾棡

̥ײһʿؾΪ㱻ѹˣȻûɽı£˵ƻˡɵ
ѰʿؾбΪӵɽͼ챦֪ϴڡֶ̥
Ϊ޷Ƶġ

ɽͼַѾ˼ѼΪѪ޷ɽͼ
Ϊɽͼڣж˳

һ·ϸϸ룬ѹħǰϲƽһУʵޱȽ
±ѣĽϷɷģħӡֹӡ˿Ϊ˱ʧ٣ڷ˽Ľ֡ΪԾ󻼣ɱ˳ɽһйڷĵ伮Щһ׮׮һֱ
ߵʲôżȻǱȻ̥ʸױȵ츳ȴܴԣ츳߲ôԶġн죬ԲҪԭ

ɽˣֹԿ϶ѱ˰ɣ㲻ôçײġ
еص֮ǧ졣

Ȼɵͣͷ

ѣԿգˣӷҵԿ׵Ȼڻ¡

컯Ϊչ룬ϢĹϱһöɫԿ׻ˡ
Կ׷ɽͼ
첻ƴ򶷣Ѱ֣ĴǲĺãȻЩһһžܰ

˻ԿףЦƣħԿⲻҵ𡣡
̫ˡ̾ҶҲˡ

ʱѰޣѡЩ츳ģϾʵǿˣó򶷵ĲǽЩ츳صܴҸ档
˾ٿνհԶ

£ɽѾƻĲˡ

ֵ̧ͣ¡

Ĵҵ޹Ȼͣˡ

צڵء

ɡչɽͼţڶ˽ȥ

ǰһػ谵Ⱥ˻̳һܼžΨһƬǽ塣

Ͻ䣬סħնʯ
ʯ֮£һĶӳ

Ӧþ̥ڵĶѨˡ
ʲôȥɣҼʶʶ̥׳ʲô಻סص

ЦЦݵ̤붴ߡ

һƬڣںڰ˴ԼӣԶĶںȻ˻ްĹ
ͬʱ첨ȫ

ܡҸе̥ڿҡ

΢СĿֹܲǰĲ̥Ǽͣڸճε״̬

һǰߵ˶Ѩ

΢ĹѨһ̥״徲һʢϡ

̥ߵǰ

̥Ļﴦһţ˱ָ̥һ

Ҫôھ׵ķΧӰ죬Ծ

Цһ£ֱ̧̥ץȥͬʱħ̥

𾪵ؿ̥¶ʹı飬΢ɫת

ҵħȾ̥̥ҵħ̥






81.  ħ̥   ʣһԿ


ħȾ̥, ̥΢Ť޲
֮Ҫ󱣻ԼΪ̫, Ӥ
̥Իڿ־, Ź

̥ͬܵ, ȵⶫǻġ
̥Ȼǻ, Ҫ, ؾͲˡĮؿ̥
ѹ΢ħĺɫȻӣ̥µҲħ, ˿ݰ֮ࡣ

ҲǸ˼ۣҵ˼̥飬и, һ
һڵ֮ȷʵֻǸ, ʲôĺӡˣҪʱ󡢲, 򡣡, ׶, ̫̫⣬ܵһħȾͻ컯

̥Ȼȫɺɫ, ֹͣˡħע룬ĻҶһԵĺ, ߻ֳħҶ˻
ɫظǹ̥ԭɫʱֹ̥ͣͳ״̬ͻأתˡ
Ƕʢ̥Ǻ£ſ̥΢ػһȻӽ״ָ̬
һ˲̥˴Ӵٵı仯
̥ħ̥ħ̥

ˡ̧֣ħ̥

ָ˯ѲʼɢаϢ
ӨӨ΢ʧˣȡ֮ǹĺɫâ

ͣˡ
ħ̥ȥй˵ĿֲУ֪̥ħƬؾı仯Ϊؾĸ̥״ֱ̬Ӱؾ״̬

˵سһƬ磬ȴһ̥ϵ󣬶ӦĴž˵ˡ۾Ժħ̥ͨ

ħ̥΢΢˶һ˿΢

ʧ۾ȻǲͨѾ
ħ̥ˣؾĿȨӦùƹܰɣ
ҵȷôħ̥̫ڡϾֻһȱؾָ̥ʲôźڵΨһǻΪҵϡ

һҪ
ʱܣҪҵıڻؾؾͻˣҿ԰Ȼ뿪ؾĽܡ
ʱ䣬ţĽǸõˡ

ʶţƬ̱̽鵽Ľڵأ߸
ͷɽͼеֳĶ̫ˣ벻ĽעⶼѡĽɽͼħЭȥ֮Ϊֻ׼ȫ෨ҩһȱһϵؾ롣

ʶûжĽѡ
е֣ʵôϵ

һЯħ̥ƮƮ䵽
ħ̥´ûҪԼ¾ˣҶ⣬֪̫࣬ĳһҿܻɱƽ˵Ļ
û뵽𰸡
Ľ㹻ҳˡȻĽȲ˳ۣ̲ס˵˾ûҲԸܸ𣿡
ҳϣһĳһ˻䵽ʿǶѻ꣬ҵܲͱ¶𣿡δ֮ǰҪ֪ࡣ
أѿڶЩˡ
ˣΪʲôʴ⣿


ôˣ

⵽˳Ƶر졣
˼һԼˡ

ĽǸˣȣܣԼ˼롣
ͲһˣͲˣħ飬ǻŵ飬ֻǸǸߡһԱŵܵ͹ߡ

ĽűʵĲֲǵԴԭ

ϲڿԷܣֱԼݡҲеʧĽΣԾɶ
ĽƾһǻӮκͳ谮ʵԼ֪˼ɵظ˵ЩţΪȷʲôˡΪӮΡ
ˣֻн鰽鰽ġ

ִһСʱ뵤ﱣ档

ħ⡣

һע⵽״ʹһ⡢ɫ

ؾȫȻˣԭǻɵģڵɫħɫһģһ
ӵձƸˣĻƺüͣ˴ɭѹָС

ԶԶȥؾеֲҲģ
ɫɫ̵ֳ˺ںһľ˿﷢

ôãȻ
̥ؾħ̥ʲôʡ
ħԼ˸ʡ

ûСħֶħֻΪġ
ؾ̥ͨδħǰͻȥŲתΪħ̥ħȾ̥̥ųɾöħ̥ħ̥

ħˣĽԶԶ

ͷĽŷзط

̽鵽ƬսҴҸ·;ͻʣؾе޿겻ɱ˺ɫֲҲǡĽټصħ˿ܵӰ죿
û£ҡͷùؾı仯
Ľ˼磺ħ֪ʲԵɣ
š
Ľͣһ£ûȵģʶȤֹͣ׷ˡ
ϲһ㣬Ľɫðս޵ܻøá

ħ̥뿪ؾؾֱӻȥ𣿡ʡ
룬ٵôͻȻ֮µʬҪܾòȫá

ĽħõԿ𣿡
õˡס

ǴĿӦȫﵽˡĽչüۣǼؾһʱ䣬ھߣ
ھߡؾᱻǿƴߣһ๥ھ뿪
ǡˣħˡĽ

Կħ̥ǿдؾ뿪һĽͻʲô

뿪ؾǰ̧ؾڵ졣
ʣһʣһ



ڣ

ֳĶ˳ų˿Ϊɢ顣

ҹ쳣žֻȼʱżž

̧ۿſڣ

֨ѽһˣϷɴһڲװ꣬ųصĲߵ롣

ϷɣԻϷɲ񣬡·ħ֮ǰ鱨

ǰڴλϵù֣ȥһʮ꣬ϷɲҴ⣬̬𾴡

£ֳ

ϷǰݣǱȻǴ£ǰյ鱨Ϊݵġ

ڵԿҵˡϷޱصصȺϲľȻûаԿײڲǷŵһյ

ֳЦҲǸüƲߡ

չ˼άڵԿȻڣǷ֮Կײ֮⡣ϸ̽鼰ʱԿ׾Ҫˡ

ħ˷ԸдȾ׿ϡϷɴͼԿף²˳٣Ҫж֪˼ǡ

ȷʵֳۣվȥһˡȥԿס






82.  ħ   м֮   

  


ֳϷɵԿںδ

Ϸɼػش

ֳζһЦ, Ȼǿط

յأ˵кأֻǼǰ֪кһ, ºȫȻӣ֮Īʧ, ⴦յؾˡϷɵ, ڽЩ, ڰǶŵӵ֮ء
ʧ, ˡֳɫͽĽ顣
ǰϷһȻ, иŹ֮⡣
ԭħȥüڽԿ׷ŵǵطɶ˼
ûʲô㺬塣ֳȥռǸط޿ɺǡ

ȥ, һΪȡѪɷ, һΪɱ˺
жδţڲ֪θı, Ҳ֪֮Ǳնɱ

, ѴǰȥԿס

롣Ϸɻһͨ, ȴֳ롣

ֳ̧Ž룬ա

, ǰĲǰѩ˪صɽȡ

վ¿һѹȹᴩǰ, 켫Զѹڵֱֱº֮Ȼ
ѹͻأǶڵϣԭһͨͨĵͽȵأȴ֪ʲôѳ롣

ʵˡ

⺮ԭȷǸͽȵأǱĽġ
ںýкýкԨ

ֳ˪ĺĪһЩ
ܵϤĽ⣬ʱġɽͱ겻ɢʱܸܵǹȻơ

з֮ϡϷɳѡ

ֳʳָڿдһö׭
׭˸ڲõķ֮УȻεϱ类ƵһڣûĶ

Ϸǳ鴤ʵʵ벽ֳ߽
˵Իħ˲ʦͽֳķϿħ˵ӰӣǶ˷ͬһԴ÷ʱӼֱһޡ

Ϸǰֳǿϣֳһֲ֤ܵʦ˲ʲô֮

ֳںߵͥŲ

ں˴СС°ٵϺ󷨽ƣֳ˼ؽ⿪һ
òƶ˵⿪Щĺ󷨾緭һ򵥡

ܳΪյԭģĵһ裬ʱʱ̿źٻɽɢֱҺ̬ʵɽȵײö֮ͳ˺
µʿںΧһĹ򣬱ٻϰʱڶ꣬Σ
˿ֳѴϷߵ˺

ʯ̨ڱɫĺ֮ףɫķħԿ׾ںʯ̨ϡ

֮ˮľɱεϱҪ⣬ʿһҲҪСҪݽóԿˡ

Ϸ붼ûֹ

ءֳ̧˸ֹͣƣϷɼ״ֹסŲ

ֳ޳ָû뺮ءˮԿ׾Ȼ׾ٵȡ˳

ˮ˳԰׵ָմʪ䣬ˮȾ·ıмΪ촷ۡ
ֳϸϸԿףȻԵ˦˦ָ⡣

͡ôõˣϷɻлС
ȻأֳЦǫͣ鱨׼ʡ˲ʱ䡣

ϷɺٺһЦŵӵͷħǰΪԼ䡭ƽﶼĽСӸħߣҪҲʱħҾͺˡ
ֳѷħԿÿɷ
ǵþˣϷɵϾ͵ڳƤ˷̫ʱ䣬һ

ֳؿ򺮽գ߲ˣѾˡ

ϷãȻ̧ͷȻԶϳ˼Сڵ㡣
Сڵ㼱󣬽żӰಽ䣬ʰΧ֮ΧסֳϷɡ

ˣϷһһϣֱݷ塢پϹڡ
ΪһϷɵˡ

Ϸɵڳһӣ㣡ħҡβȴˡ𡯡ߣͽ

ֳûаעϣ۽ɨΪߴĪŮݣ¶˼

Ǻˣֳͷʡ
Ԩ޻ش֮⣬ħԿס

صħ˴ǰг裬֪ôˣһ·ͻƵ˻Ϊڿ䳤ϡڳԨϾ˳Ϊ𡣡ϷҧгݣǱʿƳİӰˣͽ䲻Ͻ֮λ

ֳȻԭ

Ԩƕǳ񡭡ֲСѡг衣û´ĻӦƼá
Ԩɫ䡣

ͽʲôԣܲ
ֻҪ˾һҪѶᵽˡ
ƕǣҪƕг裬ƕǱֳɱˣ¶˵ǸСź˵ƕǳжôÿжôҪûõƕǡ
ֻûõĶʸС
ƕˣԨһƕǳа˷Ʒ
ѪԨԭ
˵Ԩɸ¾ӵһˣʸʱй¡

ĽϷɿԨľٶ൱ڱѡ
ħ˺óԺúȵԨҲûпúźħҲͰˣȻܣǲòᣬò䵽ͷ϶֪ϧԨλǶĽҲģ

ϷɵòĹֵһᡣ

ֳЦЦһ˿εζ
һذ档˵һ䡣

ͻ䡣

ǵصħӿһħѹ˺ĺؼΨһ

ֳƽСˡ

޵ħѴﵽ۷塣

˿ʵָ߳ɣԸʿӡ

ֳԻһصħħͷͷףִǹᡢìꪡ

ָңңָԨħִҲһָԨ
ԨƺǧԩĿ޺ɷɱʵʡ
ӴѹԨֻϸܹ

µѹʹ羲ˮֹĺͣЪˣеˮ
Ԩλʿɫ³һѪһֱӹڵϡ

ֱѹԨҲܣؽڵ֧壬һžѽ

ֳոûκͣٵسѹȻм֮
ֳûУ;ؿԨսٽ
ԨǵѪܷÿһ·ǧŲ̶ͼⷢظİ

׼𣿡ֳݵЦЦһС






83.     Ƥǹ


̤ؾ, ĵһǻܷˡ

Χһûκڴˡ

ؾѹƵعˣӦһ, Ȼӵ
ϵħ̥˯ţ뿪Ϥؾ, üͷ΢΢ţʱʱС, ˯úܲȡ

ħ̥ڻȡڵħ, ħӦ, ʱգһС硢һµؾϧСĳɳ𲽣ûĵô, ǰħ̥ϸ㡣

ڴغ򣿡Ľۣ˿⡣
Ժӻؾʮ죬ʮܸλʿغؾԱ߷Ŷԣǰյģԭغʿˡ
Ƕؾû, Ϊ˷ֹͻ, Ѿˡ
ʲô鷢ʹصʿؾĵӾʹҴҸȥĵطˡ˵ȡ

ʲôش, ϸһᴫ鱨, Ϸж֮ǰҲһᷢѶϢȻؾнղϢ, ǳؾѹͨžһһʾˡ

ȿֳ

洫һС, Ϊָ٣ǰԿ˵ˡ

, ǸϢЦ

ûǰֳķ˵ģڿԼı˵ˡ
û뵽ɤģ峺ɾûгеĵͳ
Ҳԣֳǽʮ꣬ͷûߣ

ϢֳûٷģתȡϷɵ

ϷɴħˣԿҵˣЩ˶ٵԿףͺ͵һȥǵԴšĩ˷Լ˵Կײˣæһ䣬ħԿ׾Ͳں

Ľ۽һ飬Ϸɴ֦ҶˣһʱĲˡ⣬Ժ鱨ǲҪˡ
Ľ㱨᳤˵һʼ͵Կ׵ĵص㣬Ϸһô໰ȻܲԿĶ©˵ˡ
еģסûƽ̫ࡣ

ϢǲǰģûáĽϵϷɣ㱨
ϵɡ

ĽóϷɼĴɤžð˳Ľħ˳ûУ߶ˣЩʿɱƬײ˵ˣҵøϽϲݸħˡ
µʵ̫Ľ˲ͨţĶ䡣
ħˣϷɸոշġĽ˽ˡ

ŶûϷɵ򣬶ֳ򣬳Ըͨš

һֳ̣Ӧͨš

СˣᵫʧصߴУĶĤ
ʶ䣬оǳϰߡɤ˵ȫİģɤתǰͬСķҲͬ
ˣõԺԿס˵ʦǱʲôϷǰøҷϢ˵ȥ˺
ֳȥˣѾˣڵԿ˳õˡ

仰˱ۣһ¶õЦݡ
лʦ𡭡İԿףˡ͸ĵϲá

ԶضҵлΪʦ¡ûߣҵʧְİѷħԿ׾͵ҾñطССɡֳ

áɵͻڣʦϡ

ɡֳ˵꣬΢ͣһ£ǸԨг裬Ҳˡ



ŶѽɺصҶûȤˣǰÿˣһÿ鷳Ҫã
Ȼ£ԼȥãΪʦֳЦ



ͨŶϿ

ֳ۽ͣƬ̣ĮɨһԨ

Ԩңȫ

㣬֪˭ˡԨ֧ţʾԻֳʦ𡭡嫲´ˣתֻزˣˣɲøãҾȡ

㲻ֳƽͣⲻòõ⡣

ԨǸļǿˣߣΪػšŬץסԼˣΪ
ɹˣֻûС
ѹΪڳϣֱ˽֮λ֪Լλжôʵȫ޵Ľôͼģ¡ͼԽҲͽΰˡ
ڣǽ
ԨһнΪӰû뵽ӰĲʦһȥˡ

ħֳεһ̣֪ԼӮˡ
ƣΪҲܴﵽľ硣

ֳϣԨܵϤС
һ޷ƿԼ˵ϣ

ò⣿Ԩ

ͽ㹻㣬ǿߵøԶԼĺ֣Ҫټһֻزݡֳ·ȴֲͬҵ··һֻزݶѣҪáҡ

ԨѵӦħͨŵˣô棿
û𣿡ֳЦġ

һͻȻԨԺ︡֡

裿Ԩʡ
ֳȻס

Ԩ˫ۣţּ֮⣬֮еĸо
ˣֻȻ

֪ô񲻿ʲôɺϣһֱȻȴǣɱ˫ۡ
һֱûܷαװùһЩʵʵĻ룿
ԨֻпЦȻԼһЦһȴΪΪԼѾͬԨ
ӮֳӮ

ˮ㲨һ£Ľ߳

죬Цǰֳʦһˡ
ࡣֳ֣öɫԿ
Կ׿һ󣬡ûˡ

׵ط
ʱˣժжαװħ֮䡣

ţ֪ҵĺʦֿһθ룿Цһܺɣ
Ҫ֪ѳ赸ɱˣһ档ֳ˳Ļ˵ȥº͵ںС

ԿףĿɨӴ
Ϸȥˣʡ
ϻħˣڣħмλħֳ֡

ԭˡʱһ˰ɡ

ְĿתԨ
ߵԨǰ°ͿȻֶ£ЦǳҲһǴˡͷôأ
Ľ⣿

ĽֵƤǹǣӽԨ֮࣬Գ֮






84.     жǰ


⡣޵

Ľһ, ϷӧħˣԨ, ΣؽͣԨСС, ֵô˷ģ֮оҪϳ, Ź´, ±֤Ὣ°׵
СĽΪҷǡĵ, ԰ɡ

Ľ˵۽üҶϲ⣬лħ˵Ρ
ƫͷ˿ԨķӦ
ԨİմѪήڵȫ, ͷ˿Ǻα飬ָѾĿٳѪ
Ľг죬ҪһԣһЦ

Ԩħ˵۾ȰߡĽˡ
, ס, Ϸߵ̫л, ħ¾Ͳȥ, ҳ, ȴЩ˵ֻһ³
ĽͨץԨ˽ȥ

ֳ, ڣʦ⼸ûʲô°ɣ
û£ĵеˡֳָָһǺһᡣ
ֽɨ, Ӱ˵鼮ֽҳɢһء
൱Ե϶ֳڲҪˣѶ¶Ҳν
áֳ޿κεؿôǰϣźö˶˰ء

ȫûдȥ˼Цûкͳϵ
ϵһΡϵΪ˸ѷħԿӽ˻ɽûˡֳ뿪ںȥԺ˵ԺٷħԿףԺĳ϶˵ؾĽ֮ѹΪܵһʮٽȥȡԿס
ʦһ·Լķ˿

ʦ㣡δ

΢紵䵽߿ʦƽˣ֪˽᣿
⼸Ψһ¾ǵȴĽֵµ˰鱨ȥֳȴ鱨ȥ˽Ϣ;ޡ
ȴʱ̫Ѱ˼ʱʱ򣬵ÿζء
Ȼ˽ˡİԿףѼ롣עų΢ЦҲһֹ͡

λȨص¸صĻ񣬳赡Ԩ䡢嫡
ȥ
ƳɿܣԨֳ׽Ϊħѣʣ嫿֧š
Цڵ嫻ûʶߵѾ˵ˣʣһ¼ҹˡ

ʦʲôʱȥħʡ

ʱĽϷɴͨأݵ׼ãʱԳ

̧ڡ



ݣ̫ʱԭ

ݶɽƽԭϡ٣̫ʱԭǶһƽԭ

̫ʱԭطǳ쳣Ǻ̫ʱԭͻȻϾֲһϦɺԣȫ룬ټĳǳأһҹ֮Ϊǡ

һеԪ׾ħ

ħ޴Ϲ֮ҪȡԪȡ
ħϹ֮ʷԶ֮δ
ֱǰճʿ¶ļ֮ħѹڴˡ

ħĴۣ̫ʱԭ𣬴˺ǧʱⶼָܻٵľ

վ֮⣬ңƽԭͨʯĸӦıںңӦ

Ҽǵʮʱʦ𻹴ءʱҶħǸ֮أϾûбʹùҲÿˡЦЦû뵽󱻹ҡ
ҲҲһ٣һ١ֳڤڤ˭˵׼أ

ħСģĽǵħڣΪܵѹƣԽ뱻ѹƵԽݣʿ޷նУֻһһһӡߵġ
ÿһͬдɽѹ粽СϷǰδеأºĽԹͻɺܿ챻ʿˡ

ν룬ôˡĿڳϣҵĺʦء

ʦġذ꣬û˱Ҹ˽ħܱߵĽơ
ħѹķĽʡ

Сʦ֪ħĺѹȡתģΧһƬֻҪߵħ룬жʹصϵѹͻʧˡ⣬ħ¹ӡǵ˲ᱻѹӰ졭

ϻôɶϷ۾һɣץסص㣬ǰħ϶ӡǣ𣿡

ǡ

Ľ˼ȥصħѹҵٽ룿

ԡٴο϶

ĳļ򣺡Ÿʲôȥɣʦܡ
ӳڵɰڴһˡ

ʦʧġૡ

һΣΪƽԭʯйûܵκѹ

ֳĬĬųӰһСڵ㣬ӽħ

Ӧܳɹұ룬ǽȥҾȥħΪɽ٣ܹһְա
ʵħùƣ˽ħķĽƣҲа취߽ȥħѹΪҪߡǸˡ

Լһյʱ䣬̫ʱԭʯȻƽԭԵһ¡

ħѹȫʧˡ

ʦ𣬽鷳Կ״ȥˡ
ӽָȡöӲӵķħԿףŵֳС
ҵҪع鱾壬ħŴ򿪺ʦٰԿ׽ҵıɡҵ⻯Ҳͷʦұһ¡

áֳ͵

һɽͼʦһȥħ
û˵κηϻ򵥵֪ˡ

ת˲ع顣
۾ǰıڵʯˡ
̧һ֣ϵײϸĽɫĲħͣ͡
ʯڣصȴ
֪̫á

⻯ʧȥһ̱ˣֳʱסǣǷ뿪ٵСռ

Ȼһգһ̾ħʯˡ

һĳ䣬

ͷħŵĻء

ϥħڵ΢΢̧ͷ㿴кⴳ谵ʯңҰһӱˡ

ֳЦˣС

öħԿವĴķɳĿ׶С

һӦءڿյʯһȦȦص

ǻ󣬽ۣƽ·ϵ壬չˣŲ˸

ˣʱˡ
䣬ɷ֮ħȻŷ

ħɽѹ㵹һɫĹ𣬶

ɽͼĵ

ЦŻ

ڡħС

ħۣ޿ɱķɢڼӲι̵ħʯݺύĹ֡

ħûȥˡִһ

޵Ľٿ֣ٿû

һ˲ħʯмһΪ൹ȥˣɨƬҲȻѿˣѹȺᣬӣƽĴسһŤ˿ڡ

¡͹У̤գŵ̫ʱԭ

ʦ㡭羴ؿ

ϲħ˻ع۷壡ĽϷ󹧾

ֳЦҪ뿪𣿡

뿪Ҳ뿪

ߴԷ޺ţħɫȾ˺ڣƲָһĽޡ

Զؽ֮ЦҾվҾšЩʿ
Ҫ֮ж˸ҶҰνж˵Ȳǰ






85.     Ʒζζ


ճ

ĽϷ, ǳ䡢ֳǶĬؿʼ˵ȴ

ֳĶ, ϵħӴ󴿴⣬ħԻĶصĹԶͬܿһ, ˵ǰĽ⡢ϯ̫ʱԭĽƣ벻ע⵽ѡ

˵֪ħص˭, ̫ܽʱԭıʺϵһ

ħ, ˫۱, ָô

һĻ˭
̫ʱԭڶݣҲڶݣڵϲ
æµ, ֪˵رʣӦЩ̫ʱԭܱмŲϺŵĶɣмΪпɣ֪ǻ᲻ǰ鿴
ϣθ˲ҪôȤԼĵһս޲ؽ

ڵȴע㹻ġ

һӹȥ, ƽԭľͷڳʿӰ

ˡ, ǸԪӤˣȻָȺϼһܵж, ٵȵȰɡ

æ̫ʱԭ̽ԪӤʿԶԶһ, ϵŵĵѡ

ƾΪͽѹɢƽԭ
˴, ʲôĹ

ԪӤʿշɵ̫ʱԭıԵĸоԶԶһ̫ʱԭ븡նӰ, ˫Ŀʹ֮УǱʲô֮һǻΪʵʵĽ⡣
ʿ, κλʿ̫ʱԭǸŮȶө֮¡ǸŮȻǡǴĿҫվ㹻ηˡ

ܡĽ
ϷɾٲҪ׷°
ܡ뿪ȥ֪ͨˡ̫ʱԭ¼ţöֲźá

侲ؿԪӤʿñʱٶƨߡ

ҵ̫á

ĲЧˡ

ûһ̫ʱԭԵµӰβһˣˣлһʿϢӦǸս񲻾á

ǻʿͷߵԪӤʿһģֻԶԶһ۾͵һ
ԶԶɷƲ磬ǿ쳷ֱ֪ͨڣʿ
ʣ¼໥ӣһɢܵһһ졣



ˣʿôûѪǰЩʿǲ߶ʮһֱӳİ
ʱͬգû䣬ʿѰǰȶգججصȴԪľֳԽͣƹںˣԶԶһ۱ɥʧ˶־ĸҹ鿴أ
ʦ˵źѹ

ħɢ̫ʱԭĿѹΡ

ʱƽԭԵڳ˵˵Ӱ

ûзߡ

֣ħɵĴռԽֱùĻʿץȥץǰ
ǻʿɫɷףȻһϳħ
ΡΡؿ˿·ķ桪ǵħʯֿ˿վĽϷɣϳħλħĵһڵĳȻҲߣüĺۣħ֮ԡ
ǻʿʣֻһͷҪˣ

ʶңҾ⸱Ӧ

ǻʿӦһʶʻɥǰݺĺʱΪ𵤣ͻƻˡǰһҲѰɢޣкԿʵأ
˵̬ȺܳϿңҾϲʱƵˡЦܻܲȥҪ
ǰʿؿ
óͨѶ򣬰Ϣ֪ͨˡԸ㣬ھ

ʿҧͳ򣬸ԼʽͬѡںһһϢ

ܺã΢Цһȥɡ
Ƶİǻʿӵ˷ϣٿ
ǻʿ߶µشӷͷԥûܣʵʵԭվš
ҼɱʱӡֻҪɱûɱ˵ˣܻܿø죬Ļܻþһ㡣

ʧȥԣ̫ˣʿʧ

ʼ˼ȴȥ߳Ŀԡ

ʵʩ߳ӷǰһ̣ȴˡ

嫾ŭغȵ

أʦ֡ЦƽԭϿҵķ֣֯ˣҺõȣ

һֵͬʮλʿһɨ˲ףȻҲвף³ɳĺ󱲡
ڻʿȫעֽ䱸
ϵžޣЩ³ɳĻʿ˵һšһһ˵Ǵûͨ쳹صʵ˼־¡

λ۽üҾЦ⣬ҵĹвٻšûΪ

㡭嫿˳䣬ܲ׷ʲôŭģʹӡ

û˵ʲôԱһ׵ĻʿǰһسϣһϣܽŮħͷɱ

ɱ̲סЦ
ЦˣƳʿһۣԴЦݣĮ֪СҺʦ˵ʲô죿

ʿɫǺ죬;Ҫ֣һָңңһ㣬һϸĽָк

Сģ˫ۣҪϧ̫

һ죬ѪҺ罦

ʿؿԼؿ·ͻأس˺춹СһѪǵѪܿ͸˴Ƭĵۡ

ҡΣȻǰ˵

СҪСӣҪʶ̸Ҫ졣ᣬСĵڳʿټˣ᲻ɣ

齩Ӳ
ɱʱҲŵģҪνָһ㣬һƽһûˡ̫ˣʵ̫ˣӦҲֵƮĽʹ͸塣

ʦ֣Ǽ˵Цһ¡

ҧȥתʦܣΪʲô

Ϊʲô֣˵ޱȼѡ
û뵽Ҳˣ֮һشʲôǰ۾ʲôѣԲȥںΨ֮˵ıѣܲȥں
ںĶͲ࣬ȴһһεʧȥ

ôΪʲôƽͣħħʦ֣ѡҵ·˶ѡ
˶ѣ嫵ħˣһƮƮĽ˶ѾܽΪ˵𣿡
ǲȻأ䷴ʣʦִ֣㡣ЦЦѡ·ԸԳʦңҲѡ·һ𣬾Сʱ

ˣ嫲ŵ
û衣ڵ嫣ҲһѡΪʲôҪִŵغʦأԲվʦߣһⲻӭж𣿡

һһԶܺͱħͷվͬһߡ

ľ⣿ӿڵһٷŹ㣬㣬Ҳɱ㣬ȴֲиңҳ
ƫͷġʴȡʦ֡㲻ɱң档

嫳Ĭ

ʦֵĺ⣬ˡ

̧ץһ£򿪵ķħУָһġ

΢Цұħ꣬ڰյħ꣬ʦƷζһζΣ
һĶ糤߰ζýʵʵ

Գ˵ħδԸʧɡ
һʱȻ

ǣˣԻ˿Ҳҡĵؽͣ㱻ˣʦ֡

ꡭԽԽ˵






86.  ѡһ   ޿µһ


ĪҪ, ſ嫵

Ƭ̣λʿϵΪ׵İ׷߶ŭĿӡ

, ͷôе죿
׷ûϵûϳϢһ, ˫Ŀһּŭ, 黬ˡ
, ħͬˡĽɫ鱨
üë, ôͱͷˡ
˵ĳЩĹ˥ĽȻʲô, ħ˵Ķ֡

ʦ֣ҼǵʱǳݡקһǶ˹ϵӦòɣҷſء
ʲôض
ʣɱ룬ô˵ȫԣɱڳˡ
˳, Ϊɱʦ𡣡, ְͣɣҪɱȥˡɳδ³, һ·, ɱ˶ˣĵѵʣɱ¾𣿡

˵, жమɱƵġɫΪɺʦ־Ȼô⡣
Ц̵˵˭, ԶԶĲǰҿ϶벻ȥɱѽ˭ֵȥǣԼҪǰ, ԼҪȲǰ
ܣʿҲһһϢԶԶߣǰԴڸУܶ𣿡

ϧĴܴңǶԼʵ̫ûˣס

ǿ߼ǰڣҡ
һˡ
һʵǿһ̶ȣôĵֻϢСĹ

ƽҲϣʦģζ㻹ûᵽ
̧ƽ嫣÷ħϲø
£ʦֿžͺáݲȵҶԿ۵

ûһʿûһʿ뿪û˸˵ʱڴϻ򷴲
һָɱľٶ̵ӡʵȫǵ֪
ʿȷûʲô̫ˣۣһжӲ

˵亹Ӷ£Խ١

ȿƲס塣

ǰһǱ꣬ѪҴδȴħñ𣬽ɸһսԩ𣿡

Цվ֮ΨΨŵŵĻʿǿ˲ֹһų֮ɱ֮塣㣬ǿеѪԡ
Ӧս

ãͷ׷򼤵ҵ趯۽Ǳ鲼ƣˣԹڵֹ֮ա

˵ۣ¶ϵײͬѪӯ¶ļϻѪɫͼڣڼ䣬Ѫɫͼȼ
Ѫ궼ΪѪͼڵȼϣ֮Ӧƽڽ˲ϢԽԭеΪ

һʼͼɱﵡ
֪Сͬʵ
̫ǿˣ½һγеĻᣬΪ˰סΨһһλᣬҪϧһдۣΪ˸Լ
Ӿսһ̣֪ԼˡӮˣʩչطȼˣᱻɱ
޷˵վ˳̿꣬ȵľͽ졣ź

һУֻһУ۰׳Ѫģˡ

óһͭɫͽ𴸣߸߾

ΡһΪһ塣
顢⡢עͽС

Хûƣ˶߾Ȼէ
Ӱʵա

ɽĴӰس޵

ָбָϡ

һ֮ӰֻǿĽӰѹԵ̬ƿ⡣
ɲǼ䣬Хķͣˣʧˣݵļžʱ䶼·ͣˡ

Ӱն£Ӱɢ

һ΢紵ͣ͵ʱָ

Ƽžͽѵ

ڵأãȻݡ
ݣѪȼմۿݵƤǡ

壬ٴ˵֡
ƣе˼

е˼

Цŷʣϣ𣿡

۾ת˲ݹǣɳ㱻紵ɢ

ȻˡĻشһ

۵۵

ħ޿µһ

𣿡ӵЩʣµģһϣ밤

ڶ໯ɫҰףԲ

ǰɣƵ𣿡̴ٵЦһˣ

ȼһлǾһڳʿڣԾ޷һƽһ
ⳡսǸֹΪ𣿿ǾһСҪͷ

嫲̵˫ۣ㵽Ҫʲô
ʲôҵ˸۶ѡ

Ҫٴ۲Ź嫵
ֱΪֹ

嫵գҪʦ֣ƿؾƵңҲҡʲôʱ򹻣Ҫ˵㡣
촽ףʲôŭ뷢йҪ١

δԶսһʿȻͨˡ

һսСδ룡ħСһ˵ϻ̳Ͽֵ
ţ
ŤͷæħСʲôС˶Ը⡭

üָһɨǹĵʿͷء

ô͹ˣθڡĮȻ

ɥʧ¡̫Сˣǿ̫ˡ£һ֮С
Щ߹ӦԵʸûС
Խ˻񣬵ִɽ֮ͬΪɽٵʦֳû˺ͬһ磬û˹ʸƽƽ

ȥû壬÷ϻĵʣµˣǿԻȥˡ

ءȥ˲š

ǣȥȥʿϢǣѡ񡪡Ϊ
ǻȥϢԲߡǴ㳼ңǾǰǴ㸺ż翹ʿһη壬Ҿħħǡ
ѡޡ

Ƿʲôˣޱȷš
ΧҲֻһ񵱳ֵΪȹ̣ƸԭʵԶʤǰ

ߣȥħ򡣡̫ûȥҴǰЩˣǺú
Ĵ޷ҲҪҧ˵Ĺ

ĽϷɺͨԡ

ӣ嫽ͨ

嫸ӵߣ˽ȥ

ֳѾȫɳˣҪҵıӻ
ǰصⲻֵһʦ𣿡

ĽϷɶϺǽ̫ͨʱԭָš

Ȼˣϵѹƺв
ۼȻʿӲ˺ܾúܾãȷ뿪ˣŸŲŲڵشϢ






87.  ͷ   Ʊ׼


ôȥ, ħյģ
ΪĽһֱھάħ

ʵħֻһħʱɵ¾ȥ٣λħħͶȥ

粻ͬ, ħΪңдͳħħ, ҲһЩҽɱԽİŻħڻǲİɣǻ϶ѡһǿߡħ

ʲôèܱΪħ, 뱻ħ˳Ϊħ, ΪҪл, һҪһЩõóֵս
ħƾһһսԼĵλ
ħᲢۣΪħħ֮
ħͷ, ħ׳Ƴ
ǶЧңΪ

ħĲûǰķ񣬲һӦﶼжʱάĽϸص
ˣСĽ

ôħĲãֻ󿴵ġסʱЩҪ챦, ħѻɽ, ˲رһǽһƬ, 챦ڵ, ʮۡ
֮Ľĵ, Ծ˴󲿷ֻս, 񣬱罫ıǲ⣬ѡʵİװħ

ħĵλʹ, 嫸棬ڹصʲôʱȻ˵㡣

ħƻֺ꣬ɽ
ܱƣڱգһ⡣ħڲɭȻƮĵƹⷴոӹˡ
ʱʱ̿͸¶һϢ

̫ˣħǻġָһɽͼеĻϷɵĺͣפȻһ±ȼĳɫ棬

һ
ǰƽ

ֳߵֲһӱ£ֳڶλϡ
Ľ̬ȹֲĵһλϷڵڶλ

вĹأϽΪ
λ𱰣һĿȻ

ҪһһڷϣƴӲ˵˵ħλħҪ೤ʱ֪ѾϢ
ʱӡĽħҲһЩ֯ǲҶԴһֻ۱һֻۣûºȥħϢν磬ħشƫƧʱҲ㹻ħõ鱨Ӧˡ

Ϊǻأǻ᲻սأ°ʡ
ϷЦһȺ˶ôеħսأЩħɶħĴˣӣ¹ĵǿҲɲħˣΪֱߵĿԱȽϸߡ

ǳ̾˿̫ˣҸʵĶ̫ˡ
ֻзɽ磬ܼʵǴִＫֻзɽ磬ŲȤûһǿʸ

СС۷壬ΪΪ޼ɵûзͬʱҲִֻ֪һ׶εļǵִļ

ħģȥ֪ͨħλħǿħ֡ĽЦе
Ҫ֪ͨˣ˲ᶼܹ˰ɣϷɵǵеħʵһ㣬ܺıһ

°˰죬ӦĽ飬ȴħ⴫ĴЦ

ĽϷɺڣ

ĽϷɵɫ˲ǲԼͬضһۡ
ǳţʮǰ뻯ħħ֮һĽڸŭ𣬡֪ͽȥ
ȥϷվҪĹͷһ飬ٰȥι

Ȼ֪ͽαذ֮ϣһ㶼Ҫ˷Ž

ǡĽħ˱ܡ

еĳżħ쳣񼡣

ѵĽû³ɣ̬̽ȽӽħħķȫˣûħܱߵħӰ
ħλħ뿪ŸҳƣƸûȡûӦĽϷ뿪ˣħôȫʧ
δȣµޣԲ֪Ȼصħ
һħǣħʤǿһжΣĿմҴҸħĽ˲ڴɱǵǵ
ħóе㲻ˡ

˼Ƭ̧̣ħȥҪĽڸʲôá

Ÿߵһ룬Ȼ֪ħмΪħˡ

ΪǱħҲĽֹϷˡ
˭֪һ̣Ǽħħ֮⣬ˢˢعħ˿˼ͷ
ݼħˣϲħ˻عħ򣡡

˼ϢһŮУ

Ǽ¿ͷħվϷ׷¶мſ־ı飬Ҳ÷УŲŲСܽħ

ԶԶţȻص̸СӾȻôõϢǰͶˣ
ȻһΪǰħ˱ģ
е˱ʵó

⼸ħصؿ˳żۣƹ첽ܽħ

ĿһĻĳţ

ʲô⼸λôҲǻʿΪʲôղźϵĹڵϿͷô£
ǽȥǸŮ˭
Ҫǣħǰʿѹǿкġħˡ˭

ȴ
ûؿͷħŮ˵ʵȻ

ԥǽȥʶһ´еħǺˣԭضߡ

ûüϸ˼ַֻһˡ
ⲨͬǻʿгѾ߳ħħ

Ϊ׵ħλʵȻ»ҵһ֣ͬδزսʤҶףҵȱ֮Ȼȡ½⣬ҵȳΪ꣬ҵնɱ
ħ߰λħصصͷ˹ʶ

ǼԼıڳƴļơ
Ƿ⻹ûü˸һⳤһɨյħ񣬶ķѡ
бһѪȻѪꡣ

Ѫεϣεϡ

ľؿһĻɵһŴ͡

عŤͷٿžֵħħоɵҰޣȴͶ

һĭתܣһֻħƾճ֣һס
ǰһڣ֮УǰҰָħڡ
ŵһۿһλźȹڱϵĵŮӣֲŵĽϷɣֲŵʶˡ

⼸ƣ˵˵ǵ⣬˵⣬һῼǷŹǡ

µΪħ뿪ˡħ˹׷Īħ˿ˡ
һԭػ򣬱ֵʮֳϿҡ
⼸ҲŻ򸽺͵ħ˿ˡ

иءתţ溰ҵ³ȥ
ƤһҲˣħ˿ˡ

ֻ֪ҿˡȴ˵ԼʲôСĽ˵
Ľ¸£ħµж෬ӡ
ţɱ΢΢ףָһ㣬¸ıͷء
Ͷħ˱׸롣ĽЦ
ɱ
һһͷ䡣

˼龰Ųסˣڵͷħħ
ĳ̬šüëĵ̫󣬿ͷĻħĵذ壬ɱ
ƮѪȪӿħˡ

ţҶ෬ƣδüʵԾٶȻ񣬲ʵħ˽ҲɡĽ
ˡЦӯӯĽ㲻˳ģҾͲˡСĽΪҲͣίôóţ˵㡣

ǡɱ˰ɡĽ۾һգգؿ
á֣ŵѪˮ

Ľһ㣬ղȾϲ̬ĺΡ
ԨȲҲȲĽ谮






88.  ɢ   Ǹ


һһħ޽Ӷظ, еͶ еͶϵģеҪġ
Ѵ֮ɱһһħ, û˸ħˡ

Уվħ˸ħǡ
ʱػعʵ, ٿħǵľͷζ֮ûʲôͬǻ, ׷˱ˡ
ħڶ, վʣĹĽϷ, ɱһЩıȽϼһͶܷ߱ͷȥˡ

һʱ뿪ĸо䲻֪ʱ
Ϊʲô룿С
ʦһֱʵǴ֮, ʦҲ˵ԼΪΪ˷ʦ̤磬ħ򣬴˽ѾûпԱŽĶˡ

תԳ֣, ͷ
ķ, Сʱ

һֱǸĺӡҵ¾, ֻȥµŲġ
ס˥, ˱ʦ, ѵҲˡʦΪ˻֮, ɽ֮ϸܱʦ´ֻз
ʦǸɱϵˣ˷ѹʱ, ɱ˱ǣĥߴ̧ǡ
Цʣ㲻ϣҷ
ϣʦҲϣʦ뿪ҡɤŵ䣬ѡһһϣʦܵóԸʦ

üΪǰǰ㰧ߡ
ħ֣ճˣ˳ӣŤ˹յС˼ɶðճ߶ȣûħǰϲһ㣬Ҳôšˡ

ʦҪôʦ֡ʵ
ţһֱǳͷ
û¶ı飬תʣֳʦ壬ΪǲǺʦһǶɽ٣

֪ȷزֳͻʿĲֳͬϢʱһעĿƽ޺ۡ
ͬʱֳҲԨһף̽ãʯԨò죬Ҷ׹ˮˮȴ
ģֳͬһ硣

˵ˡ϶
ĻӦ۽´άƽ
Ĭãʦ㣬ҪſԸһ𣿡
ֳҲִǸ磬ǲֳ֤Ժһɽ磿ʦֿҪҲﵽǸ
ҷˣܻش⡣ңڷҲʮİա
ǵΣ𣿡
ҡҡͷȶɹټգʧܵΨһǽſʧܡ
ʦ㶨óԸ

նĽ߳ħˣ¶򡣡
ŶⷴӦԤϵĿһ㣬һΪҪٶм鴦Ӧ֮˵˵ʲôð취
ɢڡĽ³֡
µɢڣͦΪӡ
ڽʣļ˥嫱ħˣԨܣڳˡǼλʿħǰɽʵʩɢţõǸԶܣԱ֮١ĽڵɢҲˣŵӾɢʦԻǰȥȡڵԿףɱǼʿħ˿⣬ͽɢţ޹ӾֻʹͳϾ

Ǳ˾𣿸Ѷϵֱ̬ྶͥھȻ׳ʿľҵ͹ˡڴЦ
ھʣ񻪶ԺûɢڡĽ񻪶лϾǵˣԺĻʿٵġ
ȥԺؾȡԿʱûɱˣħʱͬûԺʿŵĻʿȻԭ
СĽлϾ񻪶Ҳɢ˰ɣͬʱԺݸţǸڽŲɢţȻҾһ˰ǽɢھҪ빲ͬˡ

ĽȻһ£ڵĩ·Ҫˡ

ֹ俴ڽɢЩǵСɺܿҲŽɢ˵ڵĩ·˵ɵĩ·
ɴоԶȻɢ޽ԼΪ١ŷ׷׽ɢͳĳһǰġ
άϵĸֽдΪסһƿʷҪһȥˡ

Ȥ֪ηչ
תһ룬ָоҲ޷չĻˣϾ˽罫̥ήûչⷽͻˡ

Ľӵߣħã
ϴ
׷ǵټĽ
áͨȥ׷̫̽˷ʱˡսپ²ҪôãϾʱ䱦󡣡

Ȼ̤գʱشɽͼзɳʩչ츳ͨ͸ռ׷ٶӵħ޵ټ

ɽʿյȻʿǿ˲٣ʿҪøʱɴ󣬶ɽʿ̶ֻһ˲

һӰħȺɽϿճ֡ʶһɨɽһħڿٱӡ
ҵһץӵħ嶨Ѫɡ

֮ͣ⣬ͣظʾһص㣬ŷſʶ׼ȷضλһмȳ
̾ᣬˮƺ򵥡
˼Ҳ迼ʽֻǰͰѰҡСѰҡСûܶ˫̽飬Ҳûܵסһжû٣ͱֻɱ
ɱвˣôס˵Щߵ˵ȷǰϵĲˣǰûκء

ظѰɱ˵Ĳ裬ò˾ͣˡ
Ϊߵɱ⣬ʣµͽĽ
ħҪźãȥͦ۵ģϣ۵Ķ

ħĽѰɢڵݸʣɡ
Ǻʶ࣬ȫûзԭǲɢˡ
ûʶࡣʶĻԻסԼСֵͳŵ伮Ҳƽ¡ʶ࣬ȴǵֻһ··
Ե˴Ӳݣڲұн

ĽĬĬıӰʣħ˻ʲôԸ𣿡
ûˡ룬úÿҡ
Ԥףħһ˳Ľֿؿ۾
֪ҪȥʲôЦ
¸˶꣬˴û˵ܲµ֡ĽħˣлᣬԶ׷ҡ

һЦûлᡣ
Сռȡ⻯ֳһ⻯δ飬˵̽Ǹɹˡҵ⻯ұͨ乲ʱ㰴⻯ָȥ
СĽ֪ãڡЦŰ

Ľۿǣħˣħˣ֮ҡ



ħ̨ͤϣֳգƽ͡

߽ˣת΢Ц߰ɣǸˣС

ǸˡȥɽŰɣʦ𡣡






89. [] ʱ   


ɽλħĽ, Ǵ˽ɽ

ɽ޺쳣Σգ֮, ɽΧ٣ԽȴԽ, ·
ȷʵһлŵĶڶᱻȡ, Ƭ̾Ϳݽ߶
ɽľï, ɽΧľǴɫ, Χֲﶼɫľֻʣ¹ͺͺ, ɵʸ绯ʯ

ȹһػɫĿ֦֦ϸŵմЬӡ
֦ۿ˿ߵʯԸƤ

ϢǰŨɽɫҲˣԭûôʯľص, ̥, άⷽתȡɽ, ͼ
ֳŽֳͬɫ, ˵ֹ, Ҳ̥ȡˣټɭ, û˿Ԫڴˣ򡣡

һƴȥɣӴƬܿ촫ʹĸоջ, ĴƤɿ飬ѪҺȿֺӿ˳˳
ѪεϣܿɫѪ̺һ˿˲䱻ȡ
˿ؿʶȥ

֮أǴ˽̥֮

ֳĵ˿ûϵļⲻӦãɽʿƤֻ輸Ϣֳ˿ȻѪѪҺϵε棬š

ʦ𡣡סֳ˵֣˿ϵ֮ҪСģ̥㽫Ҳƿһת
ҺǶɽ٣ѰӾͻΣաֳϵ˿䶯ϣȥѪЦҪСˡ

ġٻԼħ̥ǴԺؾжȡ̥ҽתΪħ̥Ϊ
ħ̥ڵϣɢĲֳǲ֮ʴ
Ǽʦ𡣡ִħ̥

ֳЦ·ϱߵԶ

ϹʱڣÿʿҪǾͻɽϴȻ֮ʹŶϽ硣
ԪϹţʸʿһ´֮٣´׽ٿŵģǷëǡ

ܷȥһ֮ӡ
ֻͨһһεĽѣܴȥ

ħ̥ܵɽڲͬϢ궯۵ϸֳı飬ƺϢܲӦ

ݵ伮أϡ׽һһ£һһ㿪ʧˣôҲ˽š
ſָѹֻ޵Ŀһ̣ΪģԲڵ˲ݣɫɷۡ
³һ޴Ŀնһص׶Ѩ

̥ϲڵصףΪ²һġˡ

ʶѨ죬ѨǴֱµġʶһʱ̾Ȼ̽鲻Ѩĵסж

ҪȥˡֳҲųʶ΢ࡣ



ħͷ­վϣǣֳͬ״
ŶȻգȻŤתֱ£Ѩ

ʱ磬طĶѨԹʡڵĹԽԽԶǵ߽ȫڰ
ڵص׷Ƭ̣ʼеˡ
ⶴʵù֡
Ϊķٶ˱ȵϣôãȴûѨ֮ף֮衣

ֻܷɣٶȽһЩʶŹѨκϸڡ

ڰĻʱţ֪˶ãֳȻͣ
ֳͬʱֳ˵ͣʱȻסǣֹ
קͷƤԹһק㵱µһƥôŪܰŪ
æ̽飬˰ıԹչʶרעһһѰ

ʦʲôʣոյղһţǴ𣿡
ҲоǾͲǴˡֳǰ桭߽Щ

ζǰһξ롣

֪һһΪҪɵףԭ̥ڶףһƬСռڡ
ɣʱûˡ

Ƶػ

ʦǽȥϵħ̥궯·ӽʲôµĶ
ħ̥˷Ӧӿ϶̥Ͳڴ˴

ǰһѷ죬ѷصúʵһעԹȥ
ûԥ̧Ҫ

ȵȣΪʦȽֳס
ΣգȽȥ̽·
Цһ£һɷ񣿡
ֳݣ΢εصͷ

ǲ̤ѷ֮ڡ

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գ۾ǰɫ壬̾ҵˡ̥
˵̥˵ֳ̥ü

̥ħ̥һϣ̥ͬԭĹѾĻɫʢҲʧȥԭɫ껨ȫʯͷһңҶĲַ
̥Ҳħ̥ǰԾûκζֻǶͬʯ

ȫȾ̥΢ɫҲʧ̥ͳ׵׵ȥˡ

ʣôһήĴ֦Ҷ価ʣһи֪ʲôʱҲš

Ȳˡصش̥صöࡣұеħ̥ΪϹ̥ʹŶڿһħ̥ˮнʮٸһܾȻ̥
˽ʱ䣬ǧ֮ˡֳп
šףһ취Ȳ̥ǾͲˣȻҰ£ȼšȼմһк¡ֻзĻᡣ

ֳͣ
ԡⷽʧȥ̥ͻӹӲдĴ߱ɵȴõʬ塣ƫͷܹҪһ

Ϊʦи顣ֳ˼

ʦ˵
ֻţźܿͻպϡ̥֮俪һպϵλȱڡֳȶвշ籩ȱ֧ʧͻպϡλȱڲպϣȴʧķաֻһοĻᣬʧȥ̥ҲܿˣȱڲһǿԶγԴȱȥ硣

ʦ˼ǣ÷ջȡķᣬǰеĿԶһϣ
еñʧأԼǡֳĬĬʲôΪʦ֧㡣

̥ⷽ粻飬ǻֽ⣬ֽʱҲǧΪλȱڵĴڻ飬һǧɵĽ̵̡ܻ̿꣬

Ľã˵ܶɹȱڡ
ǲܶɹţŵĿֻһΣһΡͨŷֻڴ˽硣

Ϊ˷ᣬտʼԥؿš

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áֳ͵ؿ˫ۣʼɡ

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һһѹҡ
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