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2.     һ㰡ûϵġ

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4.  һģ   ܶʲôȤ

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7.  ѵ   ҪԷ

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8.     £ϲˡ

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ľͲһ㣬һѡѡһͻԼƿˡ

ӡ

ְϵĴݸ˸ڡüԣ
ҡͷҲ

СҲʺϡ

Ҳǿ

ɫ谵ҹɫﺮֿձͨĿⲻͣͣ
ǰ˵һ֡

˵Ըǡϣ㿼ϲĴѧ

ĵһԸ͸ףԸ
ԼҪףԸ

ȴ̻Ը
꣬ϣˣƽ˳졣

ļˣ⡣

.

ͣѵ
ʦϣĿ̨ԡ

ѾˣԸȴͣ˶죬ӵĮƧ
̨ŸСС͵͵̨ϵ⡣

ͷȴͬѧۣ˵⵽ǲһзϡ
֪ǴﴫϢ˵ʵֻһִֻ֣ûжΪֻ֣ǲмġ

˵޼ѰҲŷ

ȷʵûֶ

ѧУô°⣬꼶һֳþºÿ˭뵽ȱأ
Է׷ףҿĿҲսù

ָָãüͷ
ϲⰡ

Ƕ˶֪ˣǲϲκһŮӵġ
ԶҲܡ

ŮӣαذԼһϡ

Ҳ˷ܵ⡣
̨Ǹÿʵꡣ

ִ࣬ݽ壬
̧ͷ࿴ۣû˵

̧ͷһֱʲô۾
¹С˵Լܡ
ҷ֡еϲФپ

ϴ·򳡣Фپڴ

Цôÿţ;಻Ŀ
ʶӦϲ

Ůʱصİֻ˵Լܵ߸һ̶뿪
Ҳֻ˵һ˵ѡ

ǸǺʮ֮ؼʱĹͷ˭ܰ˼̸ϡ
ҲôûȤʱȥ˼ҡ

Ҳֻ˵һ˵

˵ФپӦûŮѰɣ
𻹶ǰ˵ıӰ

ӦûС

ФپⶼѧУһúÿģԸȴر
ģŮӾϲҲҿФپȴͬ˭ЦҲúãС˵Żкӡ

˵˺ö࣬ȴûлش
̲ס¡

أ

·Ӧָָ̨ϡ
ݽҪ˵

˵ˡ

ڨڨ͡

.

ݽ̨ߡ

ں׷
⣬˼ƬҪҪ

ø棬߱˵ѡţҵʱϴ㡣
һֱϲӰǰѧУлա

νŰʦ˺öƬ
˵Ļĵˡ

ⲻһֱ׷ţ·ϵͬѧƵƵǿ˹
ͣ˽Ų

˭̬ȶãĿ£ʱۿãĿ⾹һ󷢺
ò֡

ЩҲˣʵҲ棬ǲ˵

ע⵽Ŀ⡣
Ƴһۣʵʲô

ֻһİ͸ո̨ݽǸƷѧŵȻͬ
ͻȻ޴ߴתˣȴ֪˵ʲôá

ûб˼ֻǡ档
ѵʲôŻֵôС

û÷ӦѾת뿪
ôܣû׷ȥˡ

֪ڸĹؼʱĺѧ϶ϣѧϰ
ǡ°

ϲĶҪȥȡһһ͵˱ʱ򣬺ڶ

ֻվԭأıӰԽԽԶֱʧ




13.     ˴

ĶǵĸʣЩʱ䣬ȴһ£λ꼶һ곹׵̳

Դµʶˡ

ʵİãÿؼѧæʱдϼ仰
ıӣرİ

ģ󣬰˴ӣºú÷ʣͲˡ
˸飬ûҵӵټ

֮һſϣƲ֣ſڵķһ
ߣҲ°ϡ

¿ſڣͿ¡

᲻ڼˣ˵ô˵ַıˡ
ûֻѹҡͷ

ҹˣȷûС
ļǵãһοڿʰʱ

Ķˣ֡

ǾǿԴͷ
ʮ˸ºһú

Լ˺ܾõĶͻȻʧѹĲƷģļôôص̬ȡ
ÿдһ㣬汻

ĺۼкܶص¡

ڣȫˡ
ôܲأֱһ顣

ҪԼһ̫ż
ӦðѱӷŰŲŶԡ

˲֪ڣǽڡ
ûõΪ

û취úѧϰˡѹĲˣﰵ£ûаɡ
̫ѹˡ

ĶˣҲҲأҲԶòѹˡ

ʮӺͬѧ½½ؽˣ»ԭĶ
ͬѧţ˺ü󣬲תͷ

üͷš͵һģ

ţʢ£ʲôòĵġ
ͬѧȣӣ۾ɴˡ

Ӧ̫ˡ

һۣҪ˵ˡ
Ͻ͡

ȴĵͷ
ˡ˵

.

ʮ༶ɼְ࣬࣬Ȼȫ꼶ס

ʮΪһ࣬ӣϳɼõˣҲܵһߡ
ǰ漸ǧ֮Զ

ʹҪ߿ˣȫ£ûκнȸС
ķ

֡

ڰ˵Ů˱۸ߵá
űӵģе㻢ͷűӣһչʾҿ

ʢ´Ҷ֪ɣƯǸСŮ񡣡
ıӣʱ治ŮζŮܣ

ô֪һģ˺һøŪǡ
ⶫ̫ˣСŮĶ˭⻨Ǯ򰡡

ǲǻԩͷ

Ů߲֪֡ŪһʢµԾ̯ϣִһҳչʾҿ
һģһ塣

滹ʢµƬ
Ӧþûˡ

࿴һۣ漴ǰǸվ־Ҫȥñӡ
ҿ

ۼֿ죬ʱ˻
˭ܿĻ⻹ʲô塣

˵
ġ

˵󲻹˵Ҳˡ
Ǿһӡ

мֿˣҡҡͷֻصԼλȥ
ֻʣȤģںͷǮ

ۼҪƴ˵ˣſ¡
Ҫã˷ˡ

УҪ򡣡

һһ˵Ų㳳
ʱһ

ҡ

ⲻ֪ʲôʱģ۾Ǳʣú󣬲תʵߡ
ɱˡ

ǰʱʦᣬͷ⣬ǵȻʶ
ֵòȻˡ
ΪԼɼþж˲

Ǳȱ˶࿼Ǽ

˭㶫ˣ߾Ŀ
Ī

⿴ʣ˵ҵġ

߷ҳ
װдšʢ¡֡

㡣

һҳ
֣һ֤ա

סˡ
һʱ侹Ȼ׼⵽˭Ķ

ʵ£Ҳǽ˵ͨġ
֪Ȿӣ˭Ķġ

˵ˣһƱӣ˭ȥƽϡ

İ˹Լȥ߿ʼˡ
Ŀ˭ǰ͵

͵ۣ˭˶ŭ߳ܡ
õȷʵʡ

ⷽռ

ɾ㲻ռҲʾ
ƨ

мأȥھͿԲ飬һŹűңֵǧڱ
ԱƽЩ֪ĻǼٵĵĻ߿ʼˡ

˭ֵȥΪһӡ

˭㶫ˡ߻ڽƱ磬۾ͰֱӰﶫˡ
һֱĶע⵽ӣҪȥ

ʱͻȻץס֡
⣬˵Ƿϵģ

ϲŮڰ컨⣬˵ⳤöÿ˵жϲ
Ҫ۳ȷʵȲ⣬ǲзϣôǱȡ

зǶòм֤ģˡ

ԭŭĿ⽥Ϸ  
аָҿӾͻ㡣

ǸԼϲŮϲƷѧŵʵǸֶûеĲзϡ

ס֣ͬʱȥֵӡ

.

Ҫϰˣ»˱

Ѿһˣѹ֮󣬻ǾҪŬŬ
һĸ䣬ء

»һ˿ϣ

С£һɡһ±Ӹ
ҲһƯıӣƺӲϻоµĸ

Ǳӵ⡣

ûգ˵лл𡣡

ͻȻһ֪֪
תͷλÿȴˡ

ϰˣȥˡ
п𣿡

Ҳ֪ҡͷ

ôãﻹ˼ȥעˡ
ʲô룬鲻ãôҪء

Ҳܾҵʰ

ûʲôҡͷڻһ䡣
ˣ롣

£ʱͻȻںʲô
ʮ˴ˣ

ʮܾʹܣʲôϡġ
ǰ֡ 

һ仰˲ɵˡ
ܴ¥ſڣһȵĺʹתԼոտġ

֪˭ںǴ𣿡ܷŴȵͶϲ£ˡ
⣡

⾹ȻܣҪۿ϶š

¶Ȼһվŵˣ

ܵͷӦº˵ǸзϣҸոտˣǹͷ
ܻû˵꣬ɫҰף̧ߣˤ

ĺһӾͲǻˣӵģ;
ºɣȾ¥ʮܡ

˿ıӰ

Ҳȥ读мŮһ˳ȥ
ûʲô뷨룬һǱڴܣϣȥĻ뻹ܱ




14.  ҳ   ļ໤ˡ

µʱ򣬴ܵĳѾͣˡ
ʮྲĵģѾʼϰˡ

䡣
˵Ǹոմܵļ˱ʦȥ칫ˡ

·ʱ򣬻ϼڰԵۡ
㿴𡭡ĺÿ°

ǰû뵽ġ
ôÿô־͡

Щļֱȵˡ
ǾʲôΪʲôҪô˵⡣

Ҫˣöѹ

ֽ߬סС칫ܣɫܲá
ûſڣʦѵ˳
ʲôʱ򣬻ϸ߿˼ѧϰڰܣ

ر㣬⣬꼶һеıʣôҲ

ֱһ
ʦʮΣֻоԼѪѹͷҪըˡ

һ׼ذϰսţͿһ߰ĳ
ݵȭͷϡ

Ҳˣƽʱܱѵû뵽һܵģ⡣

ǰʱѧУ￪ᣬУʦ佱⣬˵Ʒѧţǽص˲š
˶

ƽʱҲһѧϰʲôֻμӡ

Ҫ߱ףӻѪʦ⿴ġ
ôȭͷȴôӲ

Ҳݡ

߶û

ʦ˿룬óõһС
мҳɡ

Ͼϸ߿ˣ²ܲء
Ը䣬ҲӰĳɼ

ʦºһſڡ
̧ۿ⡣

ֱͦűվɫһĮѵȴ˿Ϊ
УͰ͵ģϸĪĺںۡ

Ա߿߸Ǳ
·ǰѪ׵ҧӻţһĲ

Ĵˡ

ʦļˡ߽ԥǰҪΧҰ趼ȥˣֻ
ˣΪ벻ľء

ʦʶʢµġ
ƯŮӣʢ

ļˣʦüЩȡ
Ļ

㡣˵ƽʱչģ£Ҳܹܡ
͵ͬļ໤ˡ

һԴ
Ե޹ʴܵģƽʱر

ʲô£ȴԶվһѡ
ƶԼ˽ôˣҲԼῴ

ô˵ʦɫҲ١
ʲôҲֻ˵˵͵Ķ

ô֪һ仰˵ˡ
رԳĽ㡣

ǿǱӣ˳Ķ

ü⣬ֿһ㣬С͵ʲôˣ
ûʲôرصġ

ôҲû취뵽ʲôΪͱ˴ܡ
ⲻ˵

ʦҪϰˣѧС³ƽ֣ǻҪȥԡ
ʦҲ˵ʲô

ϾʮΣҪǹܺԼϵˡ
£»ǺͶνٶ

Դѧܻء

˰֡  
ˣȻȥԡ

µͷ˵ˡллʦϽȥˡ

¥ʮԶˣһߣ̧ͷʱӰƶĬ롣
ûˣ

ûΪʲôܣȹĵûˡ

ǳŵĺڣĬ
Ȼ˵֪ոտ϶˺ܲõ£Żƽľٶ

۰ⲻ˵Ҳ֪ôο

ʲôСʣϣܹشһ¡
ûʲôһ䣬ת¥ߡ

⡪

վԭأ޴ĿıӰ
ȫȫһֻڵʵʵָ¶һ㡣

.

ϰܲ

͵͵ۣ˵ֺÿ£̺жϿɲǳ׵׵Ĳзϡ
Ȼûˡ

ȴиȵ¡

ԥ˺ܾãĸдСֽ  
Ľ㣿

¡

õѣû˵
ƽʱѧУƺҲ衣

³ҡҡͷ
ûУһ졣

ǹҶ
֪ʲôʱйϵġ

ǽ㻹⣬ûʲô̫ϵ

ָд¿ٸ͡

ϰ¿κͷ⻹λϡ
ͷȥС͡

ԶݣסҼҡ
²ñ֪Ĺ

ԼʹҲһСѡ
ȥⷢʲôΪʲôصһ˰̣ϣκһ֪

𾪵ĵɴ۾
ǰΪһ·ؼңû뵽Ȼ

ʵҲǺ졣˵˭׽ģҲǡ
ĹϵǹҪڰװ졣

ͷͲˡ
ǷҪȥ˵˽ЩҪǲԸ˵ȻҲͲٶˡ

º˵껰ͷٿʱѾˡ
ڻȥôˡ

ǰϰʱûߣҲλһֱŵġ
벻ͨԼʲôõ£ַʲô

ûбٲõĹϵˡ

.

˱İϡ

ǰͷĿűӡ
±ʣֶ࿴ۡ

ҹҲʱ޴ɲء
뿴дʲô

ܡ

֪ʲôʱʼõ˼ЩصĽ䣬ȴƲסЩ뷨ڷ賤
Ѿҳ

ڣ谵ķ伸Ϊһ壬ָͣҳϣãͻȻĮվ
ӣߡ

ϰһ飬»²һЩᣬⷭ˷ʷ˻м䡣
Ȼ˷䡣

ǣܿ
żЩְ˼Щ¶µĲ֪һ˿㡣

ڶϣԺߵСײϵ顣
ڵĺúõ飬֪ôᵽˡ

ε̾˿ȥ

ռͻȻһϤĶ
һԼʡ

¾ϲķ˷
𣬻ͣǰдĵط

˲һ壬һնûС

һֱȴûз֣
ûѽҺ֮ǰҲҹˣûзж

ѵ֮ǰҵĲϸ

ڼȻѾҵˣµȻͲǲûϸҵ⣬ﶼϲá
̫ˣ

˵ĲҪˡ

һ̧ͷ⿪ų
ЦòãҲʲô죬ϺԼϲá

ҵҵˣ
֮ǰȻûз֣

̫ˡŮ˵Ķ˽ţͲڴϴˡ
ʧõı֮ǰҪ

⿴Цֻǵͷġšһ

ҾûҡĬĬ롣
ǰǰϻǿĬĬԸˡ

춼ġ
ô׶ϲĶ




15.  ߿   

۹ʣµʱ⡣

һδܣΧͬѧʶ
ǹ°

Ź֣ŭ
ᷢ衣

߿ĺңȴҲƽ¸˵ĺƻҪȥΡ
кöȥĵط

̲Сʱѡط
Ҫطľ

ϻؼңڿʰ
ϴԼŮţʰ𾢡

ȥûУʢǿĸĸŮСţǵĹʣҲڷ
ʲôʲôǲܡ

ȥߡԼ䣬һķɹ˪

ȥںӭճ䣬ĺˮӭ졣

²εҡͷ
ûУ

¹˹ӣҡͷ
ҲҪˣʲô־ʲô֣Ҳı䲻ʲô

У˵ʲôʲô


СǺأ𣿿ô

˵⣬¶¡
ʵ֪

þû˵ˣ߿֮ǰͷѧϰ߿֮˸İ·ͬһ£Ҳܼ档

⣬ԼҪ
¾Ҳ˵ģö֮ҲͲƨˡ

ӦÿõġĬĬĻشһ䡣
ôῼĲأôôŬĳɼûʧ

Ǻʱ䣬Ϊܱڸ˻ӣҲһ㡣

ҪΪĳɼⷽ¡

ʱʹӦ
õõķ

⣬˵

˵ţ绰ˡ
£ҿ˺òʱ䣡

ʱɼ

ǸʵɣйԶˣҲǰϾѵһεıҵС
ɡ

ĴӦˡ

.

ȥˡ

賿㣬
˸߿֮ôɣȥ棬Ψ
ҪΪԼ׬ѧѡ

׬һѧѣ֮ѣ׬

ż飬Щ֧ʱͷһ£㵹ڵϡ

ǿ£˿ˮ

˵죬ƤԽԽأҪ̧
֪ȥá

й͸Ӧˡ
һ𴲡

ֽץסӣ۾


潥˵Ȼں֡
Ůϲõϴһһĺš⡱ʻԴȪֻȥĶ

վ
Ųűߣš

Ů¥Цһ
ң˵ʲô

ʣȴ˵ڡ

⣬֪㿼˶ٷ𣿡ֻĻ
686еһʡ

¶û鵽Լķ֣༶ȺѾϢ˵⿼жá
н˸״ԪĺϢѧУ޲ģȫ綼֪

Ψ״Ԫ˲֪

¿Ϣʱֱըˡ
ϻؼң⣬ĳͣڣͲˡ

ǰЦ˵šϲĻⴽɫ԰ף͵˵һ䡰лл
ŷɫԡ

ôˣûϢ𣿡¶ǡ  
ոλһСȹӣ㷢ɢڼ̧࣬ͷʱȫ

⿴ԼĵӰ
ϣܿľһ㣬£ôһ㡣 



û¡ⴹۣҡҡͷ

ڴҶҪʲôѧУ⣬ȥõѧУˡ
úã±˭ˡ

ƶˣѧϰΨһı˵·
⡣

㿼˶ٷ֣
һû鵽ءЦЦԼ϶ĺԶ˼˵

̫ˣҸ鲻

ʱ䶼ڸʲô
˵ʱǲˡ

´ˣ˵ǲܣԴĳ˵¾ļ໤ˡ

ôãرĽ

⣬ĳ³֣ϲҪ  


ûⷴӦѾֱ֣ӱס
Ůǵ㣬˽סڿУһƬհ׵Ĵ£о඼ͣס


ָģȴеܹ

֣뵽ʲô山᲻Ǽ˰Ҫд𣿡
ʱҪѡĻȥһ

ֱԼѡѧһˡ

˳ɼûôˣɿô˷ܣȴϲá
ƺ¡

һôʻ鶯
òʵ

꣬ƴѧϰΪ˲ڴ

ϣΪһƷѧŵˡ
Եһ·ĳɡ

ڣĽ
Ĵ

֮²ŴӰ֪Լĳɼ

601

Ҳܰˣƽĳɼʮʮ֡
ǲտҲȥѧУĳɼ

»ֻȻ᲻˸绰
ýŰѧУǱĵ绰룬Ҫ˴绰Ļô˵źá

²ϵѯ

ȴش

ȥģ
ǺһȥϷ

ȥȥ

绰ˡ  
һ绰˹š

Ȼˡ

½ŵĿ⣬ͣĸ񣬿ȴҡͷ
µȻֱӾܾ

˵ЩĻ

º죬˵山Ȥ
ΪʲôأҪ϶˵Ĳˡ

£ҵŬǮˣҪǼ⽻ѧѰ
뿴δһˣȻܽ˵ġ

¸ͶʣÿСûãǶΪѧҵ׼ġ

𲻺˵ʲô
ֻܸ̾¶á

𣺡Լ׼ʲôѧУ

ZʡԺµĿȷ
ڵķĻɼ϶ˡ

𣺡ҲȥZʡ

ΪʲôȥΪ֪ФپѾõZʡѧ¼ȡ֪ͨ顣

ɬİʱ⣬ôϣܹڽĳһ쿴ĵ
ֻɼãպòһϣֻϸһĶˡ

վſڿ
ĵôġ

ʱ䡣
¶ʮߺţʮ졣




16.  ѧ   һûС

ⱨZһ֪ġ

𾪣ҵʵʱֻ˵ZӦѧѣѧ
Ӧˡ

¾Ȼ֪ЩӦȥ山ġ
ɣҲѧѺѧ

˵Z󲻺ãҲǽ山ѧУ
ֻǡֻܹȥõġ

²֪ô˵ֻǾãⲻӦô
ԼѡҲûʸ֡

֮ĵڶϣⲻˡ
ϲԵ֥ʿһѧУ£ɵȥʱַûˡ

ʰĺܸɾɾǴûסһ
ʱ￩һ£תܳʱ޴ĴΧһʱ֪ô졣

˵ʰȥѧУ
ǺǿԸĮ°֪뿪ȴֲ֪

˴ѧϳ꣬
Լ£ҲԼƻõδ

Ӧת¡
ȻҲֹ

˵һһûǲš
֮Ѿ䵭赽ز뿪˵һ

ֻⷢϢ

һģûյظ
绰Ҳͨ

ʧƵڿ

ģʲô

֪ЩᵽȴһֱԼԸı䣬ֱʵݺһ
ĸûа塣

ûκ˻ῴ

ĺãҲһ㶼顣
ˣȻĮ飬һĶûС

۾ģĿˡ
ҧ´ŬգգסۿѾʪʪģҲһ⡣

ѹ˵ѹ

µͷֻ˺һȻ΢ˡ
ְֻӵһߡ

.

һ죬³ôΨһһ١

ԸȥԺµʰһ
ѧεİȴĳС

µľѵĥĵһƤǰ˿
Ǹ߹Լ

ӦZʡ򣬻ʱϻСӣرǰ˾ʱҵȣ㰾ȥ
ҺҽҶװ˿յȻҪҽԺˡ

ʮ·ݷĽ꼾Ĵ꣬ˮλͣǣ̶ֱơ

ʮеʱ¸ѧУһȥμһ־Ը߻

ˮ࣬ɽˮˮλͣǣԱʹҹݵļӹ̺ӰӣŴǮˮͷ棬͹ȥ

Ȼ岻壬ǲμˡ

ѧУȥشƫƧ·ƣγ׵
ԱߵͬѧƯ׳ۣԼóһƿˮ

û£Ͼ͵ˡͬѧο

ƯֿƽŮӾȻμܶ˶úܳԾ

лл½ӹˮˡ
㲻ҪԱߣǰ棬ʵڲĻͱ۾Ϣһ

·ͣʱ滹Сꡣ
ǻҪ˲С

Żһס
û취ǰˡ

һְŮ͸ַ
³ʱڷ۴ңǿżǰߡ

Сʱ´ˣǾʱϢ

źҲãĵطһϢ
£Ҹո֪һر𾪵Ϣ϶֪

ʮǸ֣òǺһѧУҽϹ˼䡣

˵ǰ˴ܣΪûһʱ
һ¾ǣǿ϶˱

ʹŮһ֣Ҳϲúÿˡ
ۿڽ˴ܣ׵Ҫ˴ӣ֣ñŵˡ

֮󣬾Ͳϲˡ

סˡ
ʡ

ȷʵ֮ĵڶ죬˱ͳˣʱûаϵһ
ѹûĿܡ

ôǲš

⡭Ϊܣ
˴»𾪣𾪵е֪߸ˡ

绰ȥϸһʣɾһʱ䣬ûźˡ
ֻȰֻŻ˰

ǰZģͬѧһôҶյǰȥ
ZĲʲô棬Ҫкüúܺÿ

һڰæʯɳӹ̺ӵ̣Ѿɳ߰㡣
£㿴Ǹڼп˵ģúúÿ

ͦپ£ȴЦ⣬䵭עĿ
˫ְɳȴõ֣һֻֿ𣬴ǰߣûһ㡣

ԶʵҲû˼ո˵Щ

漸Ůȴȫ˹ȥóֻ͵͵ա

.

ѴأZ֯һ־Ըߣǰߡ
־ԸֻڹZһǹٱһ𣬲۵Ĺ

ĵ졣

ǰ߹ҿֻۣܳԵͷѧȴҧܳԿ࣬ûκһ˱Թະۡ

Ϣʱֻ⻹ڼ

⣬춼ʮˣϢɡͷһƿˮ⻹ڰᣬ̲סȰһ䡣

ǳڽѵĹܲǿȵĹһѧȻҹݡ
һֻһֻ֡

ְһˣŹ¡

϶ӣֱӾ̨ˡ

еŲסˣǲϢġ
꣬ˮʯ

Щ׾ϵһУѾĹƴԼеһǲٿκһֺ

ҧ˿ͷɬζҲֻǿԼʡ
ټּ죬Ѵڹˣһȥһٺõģ

һִϡ
ԼԼʡ

ľ⡣
ˣӺóɼãӲĲУʲô̡

˿ˮû˵

⣬ϵϵ׷㣿һҲԣҪλϵ̫ƯǺöŮ
ѧѵʱһۿеļ׷죬ˡ

ûз

Ϊһ־Ըߡ
ȻһŮӸɲ˴ֻۻֻڡ

û˼˵ʲô費¡
ѴλʾˮλԽԽֹۡ

һֱǰϢ
ûڰѻ˵꣬ǰ档

ӹ̣ͣüĽ壬
ܰһһ㣬ǸۣǶûҪϢ

ż켸ҹأҲûúóԡ

ڷˮƿ߰վǰߡ
ˣӦһ˴

ΪңΪǲۣƴҲҪס
ǹš

ⶼôƴǲ˵ԡ




17.     ҿԸĵġ

־Ըֵأˮλ仯

Ǹ°ҹֵأºһŮصʮһ㣬͵ˡ
·ҲߣŽеһֵͲߣĵĿ·˲ϼʮס

ʱֵͲˡ

¹ֿŷûˡ
ֻҲֻʣһ磬ٿֵͲĻûӾ͵ùػˡ

ͣԱһСӡ

ڡ
Ǳߣܲܽ赽ֵͲеҲС

ʱȴ˵
һŮӵͣڡס

Ҷ׷ˣľһ㶼ϲ𣿡
ΪŻģÿ϶㣬ġͲһϲ𣿡

²ǹ˵ġ
֪ãҪ뿪ȴһϤ˹

ܡŴԵԥľܾһ㶼ϲ
˵㲻Ҫٸˡ

Ůĺһ¡
ѹ˵ҲûŮѣҸôˡ

ִţᶨĥ룬ֻҪȥûʲôڻ˵ġ
ϲˡĻ˼룬ǿֻϲ

Į˿صľܾκһŮˣ͸İɡ

źһû
Ҳ׼뿪

һתŲʯͷϻһ£ŤסһСĺһ
պ͸Ͻͣת뿪

Χ̫ڣ߲졣
ӭײϡ

ʱĸº˵һμ档

Ƥ֮ǰ˲٣еĸӲ֮һɫףȴŢ̧ۿʱƬ׽ľȣ漴ָֻƽ

ɫ䣬к̧ȼǰߡ

·Žֱ򻬣ˤһӡ
ʱסˡ

ֶֻջ𣬲ܲ˵վҪߡ
ʱ˶վˡ

üĽ

ǰˮĻһССȴ
ˮˡ

¾ôʱַһұɡ
ڰɫҲܿɫ԰ס

˺ܶࡣ

ʱµͷһۡ
ϻûɵϸΪһ죬⺮ʮ£Ҳһĺ

ζ

ʶԼں࣬ϰջ·ϲ˲Ȼְ
ġǵ£˵ˣܿ񣬲ҿ

Ǻܰɾġ
ڣĺܶġ

²ŲΪ
ͻȻ뿪ûκεĵ֮ǺѶʱ룬Լжᡣ

˵Լֵ¡
Щɬ⣬ͷ˶ڣȴʮֲš

ңġ

ȷʵƽ˲һҲûбˣҪӦþһ¡
ʵûУ

ôһɳܹôᱳء
ɳҪˡ

µͷϵˮ
ˮԽԽСϣҪˮһ˿϶߲ȥ

ǡҪⱳ

ԥ˺ܾá
ǣͷ

·Ҳʮףʹˮ֮Ӧþͺˡ

.

ǵһñ˱
ǰֻаְֱǺСʱˡ

һֻʹֻ䴦ɱȵ
һҲú¡

ռʱʮɲ֪ʲôʱҲýʵ米ĪһְȫС

ҹ·Χֻˮ
żϸ¡

Ѿöˣʱͣ꣬ôҿһ
ȻǶˮλһϲ֪жۡ

Ŀ
֪ԭֻǾһЩĴ

Сĵĺ

˫ȦסʱǰǸġڡ
رļžУܵе졣

ǲǡϰ򣿡ͻȻ
Ͱɫãˣ϶ǲӦ

µ˵ͷ
ţ̫Ӧ

ΪʲôҪ֯˺ܶѧ־Ըߣǰǰ߸䣬ɴ
ûҲ

ΪʲôҪ·ʣѿڶ
ɸ˵ͺˡ

Ϊʲô϶ΪЩѣԲϣٿܡ

⻰ֳ֮֮Ĭˡ
֮˵Ϥȴʵİ֮ټ֪˵Щʲô

ĺΪʲôһ֮
ʲڡ

·֪߹ȥˣ·Ӧʱ򣬶Ѿ쵽ϢӪˡ
һϽ

ҵˡ˵

¡
¶ȣܴ¶ȡ

ָգȻᡣ

˵һ䣬ѾĶߡ
⻹û˵ѾСİ

˫ء
Ǹƽ̹ĵˡ

Ѿ͵׼뿪

תºס
⡣ҧ촽ʵѹȴ˵ʲôõģ㲻ˣֱӸҺòã

ҿԸĵġ
ŮۿתСִ˿ǻ

ںĵĶԴ⣬ԼôҪʱѾԼҪļˡ
־Ը뿪ңһ䶼ûи

˺ܾöûԼʲô
룬һ𰸡

ǡԸĵġ

Ϊʲôǲܺúõء
Լסȥ԰ļҵԼļңҲİˡ

ĺ𣿡С

ô˵һοϲʳ⣬Ϊ֪𰸡
ҲҪװɡ

ͷ··£ֽ߬ס
һͷҿڡ

ҹ紵ʱ˶סˡ

ǲ۵һͿ
ܳʱˣ׷ǹʣȴô鷳ûټסȥ

δʲôָôԼĹ滮

ʵ»ʣôĻΪʲôҪ˱
̫ˣֵ˿ס

¹ԵĳСĿǲǼ𡭡

ǣˣ˼ȴļˡ
⻹ûشʱں¡

£䣬վ˿ɣͬѧǶܹô˷ִôһֱվŶ
Ǻ䣬·ϰɡС˵һ䣬Ȼתߡ

صӪأͬѧǶܹ
Ҷû˯ôˡ

»ش˵áû˵ˡ




18.  ˣv֪ͨ   ⣬۲۰

ڶ죬ѧУ־Ըʽˡ

طܹѧУˣһһӺڣȻǾͲˡ
ҶΪͬһĿꡣ

ô棬һ۳һ

Ṵ̊׵Ƥһθݣ˵ᣬѾһСŮ
ˮ֮һ͹ȥ˭棬˭ϸݡ

Ҳ¶ӣ󷽷ϲ
ҲѸٹϡ

ZЩѪյʱ򣬿ôƯĹһˡ
Ϣ϶̲ס˵¡

軹ƯһЦֱˡ
ͷһѪ嶥Ĵ̼Уֻˮʱ¶Цһ¡

ⴹۣһƬģ֪û˵֮һֱĬ
Ҫһֱ⣬ܸһ첻ͣ

ʱ˼Ͱ棬ˮæһ̲סǱ߿
ϵڣѾĸСʱˣһֱǱææĶʲôûԡ

һˮûкȡ

»ǺܹģرǿԷ͵ĵֱ뿴һ㡣
Ȼֻзԡ

ɲǷ滹ʲôܱȶŶӲԺá

˼óԵСùȥ̧ӵǱߡ
ͣ

컹ֻ꣬ǱѾС˺ܶ࣬ˮλҲֵĺܺãûм
Һôܹһ㡣

ԽҪǲ©ȱ

ˮλǣҲҪƽضлˮһˮ䣬ʵļٺѶѹ

ѷ鲼˳ɤָء
½ȥҪȫˣȻЩѶȵĹɾɡ

ڽеĲɣ˶ǰڣͷĿѣڴǰʱŶڻΡ

һ룬һŲȿˡ

˾һûԱⷴӦȥ
ӵɰʯסʱѾȥ

ˮ߳ڣ˶һߡ

һ˶߿ԣϽæ

ȴûסԼ˲۵ԽŵһҶϵͷƤ飬ɫ·ϣ˲Ѫȡ

ڣԼץסڡ
γģԴʯͷԼҲ֪

һһ㡣

Ųסǧȥ֪ԼܳŲ˶ãҧѪһƬҲûз֡
ʹٱһİ

ʮΧ˹ְ˽ŵİֱӰܡ
Ȱ˴ȥָ֧Ӵң˼ҪСģ

Χȴֻ⻹ԭأܼŬѾٶˡ
ûһͣڶְֻİס

ڳûע⵽
Ϊûֵ֪

վͷ۵ϵѪ
ģˡ

⡣ܹɫ԰ףһӱŵˡ
ٿŵѪȵζ

϶ϴġ

ôˣǲˣһ䣬һֱڶ
żˣͷһοɫôãԼֶôѱ˾

֣

ͻȻ뵽ʲôϾӡ
ض㣬ָûֱӱȥ

üͷ壬۵Ĳƺһ

¿֣𾪵Ĵסˡ
ֱѪ˳µΣɰĦѪۣԭĲжˡ

Ŀĵˡ

ֻ߳ܺԱôªޱȵ壬ĵطֱӿǱ֮ǰӿɲ
գɸû

Ϊżͷ󺹡

ôôɾˣ˸ж
úܶ뱻

öûüͷ壬̧ͷһ¡

žһ¾
ˮֱϣ˲ȡ

£̧ۡ
ǰӯˮ֣ҧŲԼ޳

⣬۲۰ʡ
Ѿ̲סҪ

ôô˳
϶ۣôѪˡ

ûⷴӦѾְȥ
СŪĸۡ

ûк£û
ȻΪֿˡ

Ҳֻ۲ۡ

ߣȥҽԺǣס֣޵ϡﻩһĨһǰߡ
ߣһһŰο

ûµģµҽԺͲˡ
⣬һ̰

ȰСӵôеİο
ۣ˵ɬѹ

ȴҲ˵ֻܻеıǰߡ

.

ҪȥҽԺĻһ·̡

·ߣꡣ
ڴԺ򵥴һ¡

ȫߣ벽뿪
ºټ֣дҲΡ

߳Աĵطʵʵġ
ñ˿Ӳ¿

ţֻѾ

ӻҪѹ

ҽ˿ڽ˼򵥵崴ɫ԰ף⼸ûôúóԶհûãγģƤͿʼˡ

ҽ˵ȴŹ۲һ¡

۾Ѿˣڴ߷㶣סһϻµۡ
⣬ȥԵİɡͻȻûгԶ϶ܶˣĸһ䡣

ûӦ˯û

²ٳվ׼ȥҵԵġ
ɾʱһֻͻȻקס

¡е͵һ 

ϵƤ˲䱻̵Ȼԣȥ̽Ķͷ
ôôȣ

ȥҽץ֣ôϷš

۾ֺˣȴżҲûǿѣֻǰһ㣬ĺ˵
ȷſȥҽòã




19.     

ⷢ, 38.8档

⼸춼ðп鹤ǰһֱû£ɽͻȻͷˡ
ҽ˵Ӧ



²Ϊ˱, ֻһ·Ϸô, ϶ʱðˡ

Ҫ, ܻ¡

Եɣ, ߣ벽û뿪
ҩ, ͷʼϸ, ü΢΢չ, ˯ȥӦһˡ

֪ȥá  
кüСʱˡ

ڴţ, İͷֱ, ƫͷ, ۾գҲգĿ

֡ĳúܺá
һ㿡, ͦıһͦΰ, ر۾ŵӡ

¾ô, ֱ, ֪ȥá

۾
߶ϵ˲䣬סûӦֻǽ߿оĶ©һġ

һ롢롭

Ĭ֮¶Ȼ̧ͷ
顱һԴײ˴ϡ

˻ĵһ
۲ۣ⿴ײ, ײĶͷŵѯʡ

µһοƽɫ˲仳ǰǲ⡣
ָͣͷǰ

Ǻ𣿡´סɫţһ䡣
·Ӧҡͷ

û£۵ġ

ʵ۵

ͣƬָ̣ⶸȻյȣһŷӦԼոյΪ
ܶθԼҪԽ磬ȻõĶǻ粻Ҫȥĺá

̧֣ͷϡ
Ѿˡ

ˡ
һ

ڻûﲻ´
ˣڷգԺ豸ƣû취ȫļ飬ھˡ

۵ĻһҪ˵ǧǧҪš

Ը֪ܶϲܶѣԼһĬĬš

ȳǡ´ӰóСǹֽҪ͡
ոҽ˵Ѫǵ͡

±ߵݸ˵ôôȥסˣԼ˳Ҳһ

ָǣѾ͵ߡ

ͷγģ˵ÿһ仰˼㱣۾Ŀǰǹ

Ѿ͵ߡ
ôһ㣬ȴƺѾŵǹζ

Ҳܲǹζ
֮㡭

ⴽһĻȣ졣  
ͷǹζ

ʲôǣĲˣֱĵ꣬ÿһ䶼ˡ

֪¶жãĺãҲﲻϵĸԼӦ̰
ôӣȴķһٱˡ

ԶҲ֪жϲ
ЩҰʹΨһ֧ǰ֧

ʯһϢʱߣһһϵѪۡ
Ưᣬ

ϴɽεҲˣ㷸˵Ѫǡ
ְһǣ˵Լ

ФپǵûԶҴࡣ

벻𣿡˵࣬
Ҫ嵭һ㣬á

ʳ֮ζʵڲθڣ¾벻Ϲ࣬Щ
û˵ֻǵ˵ͷ

ԡ


ȥˡվ߱˵ңϻ

.

ô˶˺üҵ꣬һ˱࣬ͼͷ
Щ˼ֻЩˡ

⼸켸ԵĶͷ֪ԼٴͷãûܳԵˡ

ллӹĶ

ǺСͷȭͷСɫлźǵζ
һһȫ⡣

򿪴ӿһۡ

ûԥº󣬰Ѵӵݵǰʣ㲻𣿡

ҳɡ۽ЦͷԼ
öˣﲻɾͷ

û뵽ͷͦóԵġ

Ҳˣھͳˡ
ҲԱˡ

Χһļž

³⺮
⣬һºòã

һڣҲ̧ͷ
ü˼ҪʲôҲû˵ڵ˵

Ҹʱ򣬶һʣʱرѹҶûҵ
һϣͻȻͳˡ

⣬˵ûģ𣿡ĿеĿĻش
ʱܣܲ⣬ֻʲôŻ䣬Щ

֪ķΪ
Īһ˵һǵĵطƺĴëӣġ

ʲôԸˡ
Ϊ˱˴ܣǶô˸жмһ¡

΢Ӱ
š͵͵Ӧһ

û뵽ֱӾͳˡ
۾ɵһᡣ

Բ𰡣Ҷ֪ºεġ
⣬лл㡣

ôõġлл˵ġ

ΪʲôôƴҲҪѱû
»֪ԼȥҲ˳κδ𰸡

ˡ

ڲСϣһΡ


ڻ촽ߣһһĺ¡ƽʱǸĮȻͬ

Ͽʻ

ʱѾˡ

ԺСһ۵ޣµʱͷûУɽԴȴƺġ
̧ͷֳһ㡣

һͷһƬȡ

£ĿǿƣסŷԴ档
˲µѸǺҲĪ

ԴѸٵŲŲ

ոռԴģĿºԸо˯øһЩ

Ρ

ʱҲˡ
ΪܹߣѾ˯˴ԵϣΪѹһϣѾĲˡ

ĿϣȴȻŵıܿ

Ͻ
ǲѾˣֻʹʹ

ͷߴЬʣ֮ҲشĻææߡ
ȥͣ˳ҽ

»δ䣬Ѿš

֮׷һ첽ͣǰߡ
ֱԺţǰһСӡ

ͣǽߣŲסԼĿڴ
Ŵ˼


ѾĿ͸ˡ




20.     ȸԾ֮

ǰסͬһ, ȴûйκ֫崥ܶ
Ҳûй뷨

żһΣȴûԼô졣

˲䣬ܸоһĵֱͷƤ, ռ˼ԴҲһƬհס
֪Լô߳, ʶоʱ, ˫˫Ŷˡ

ᵽһʲô
룬ٰһ, ȸԾ֮

һ, ŬԼƽ

ǰߡ
ͻȻ, 𼸾żĻ

ϲˡ
ֻϲ

Ը, Ҳ˵ĻǶ˵϶Ǻϲϲ˰ɡ
˭أ

˴ѧ֮ʶŮ, ǰаϵģ
¾Ȼȥ², Īܶ, ʵڲ²

ȴһӵȵס

ȥ, ȥʱʮӡ
ת˼ҵ, ֱԼȫƽ, ߡ

ʱ, ССĲѾ˲ˡ

ֵлˣлˡ˺úõģûУһ£¡
»ʲô£˵, 縰ǣ

һţֱǷ˹ȥקסġɭ̲סĴָ

ǲǣ۸øĿں磬ǶˡɭӺڼʾĿڡ

еĿôѣ˲ȴο֡
ررΪġ

ǰȰҪཻѣͱ˵ֻʱ˵ٶ඼ûãɹƧ
ڣкˡ

˶ͷ£Цģ˺ܶ࣬ҶԳԡ
˵꣬תѸٵ뿪ˡ

˾ͿƯŮӳǰ۾ﶼʢߣûӦֲˡ

۾ɴˡ
ⲻԺǸСŮô

ɭҲ۾ֱˣ㶵ǰ͡

ɭס
磬ŮѰ

ǡϡ

һˡ
ܽ£ҿһ۾ϲ

ǿЦԸˣʲôϲ٩䡣
ԸѵӵЦ

ںɭһûһ˵ţ˵Ժ̳ѵ£ǽĴһ
̳ϴıģѵʱһա

崿׾Ͼ
Ц۾ʢĹ⡣

ŮӣǶ˵ഺ

˻˵ţͻȻܾУ
ͬʱ

ʲôУ

ⴹۣһ֪ԼҲܣĻ
ϲСһһ䡣

Ϊʲôڷʡ

ͷ˶ߴתͻȻִ̧ۣмǿռһ
˵ҡ

㡣

ںʶʱ䲻ʱû¶ɫ
˵Ķ˭ȥ 

һ붼С
ͺĶ

ڨڨ͡

.

ܹҹԺ־Ըʰ׼ȥˡ

Ѵĺܺã֧󣬼ˮҲСˣ֮󼸺ûʲôѹ
ZߵѧҲ׼ˡ

ʮ죬Ĺ׾Ա뿪ʱ֧黹˽졣
飺֮δϣ

һȺѧҹսΪⳡѶӮ˱ϺȻֵþ壬ҲôҸм

ZԺУĶӳҲ΢ţһȺ˵ν˸꣬ȥпգһҪپۡ

ϳ֮ǰ͵͵·ߵ⡣

Ǳȥ죬Ҫų
Сʲô䴽ЦЦȻ

һЦź˵üҲޱȡ
Ҫƽ

еףˣֿҪۿˡ

˵꣬תܻسϣܣֻһӰ

̯ƣͷȻĵģһƽ
Сʵá

øֱʹд֡

⡣

д֣īδɵĺۼ
ͷ۽ʪ

ۿ

˵һ뿪һ䶼ûй
ôãò׺һƷˡ

ƽŽ·ڴ


ŵĺúõģ

⣬ˣһҪںǱֵܶкҪĻ⡣
һڼǵãԶٷġ

ȥָᴥƽϣƺܸܵĳϸ
Ҫְ

Ϊ־ԸߣѾ˺ܾõļ٣ٲȥС

˵ ֲһϡ
ҾãûѧѾ˺ܶݼְڻûйеʱ䡣

һ山ĳɼѧУѧѧѣƫƫԼҪôƴ
ѧӦǷԼúֵʱ

̬ȴܼ

Ȱֻܷˡ
ֻ´һˡ

ܲһֱûʱ䡣

صӪʰʱóһֱֻ򿪿һµĺ롣
IDǣ¼ǡ

µ΢źš

֪֮ǰ뿪ʱ²аڣ΢źŶɾˡ
ΪȦͷһܡ
ٿκεݡ

Ƕһ롣

滹һע
⣬ͨһ°ɣ

һСı顣

ãǰˡͬ⡱
ͬ⣬ֻϢһֱεεΡ졣

֮ǰŰɾ˵ġ
µһ仰ǽ͡

ʵƢܺõģ룬Ҳˡ

⿴֣ʻͺվǰһ
Ȧȥ

һڱԹ
ѹγ

Ӧƫƫ꣬ӦͲƫƫ©ƫҹꡣ
γ

ʵ⼸һֱܲۿɼǣǰݶˡ
Ҳǰло

£ҲѧУԷɡ
˵һҵϰǴӰģĶǰеɫˣһȥζòã

֪ⲻϲ˵죬Ŭһ˵ʲô
Ը˵ʲôľû֮ˡ

߻ڳϣһֻ̧ͷǰֵͷûյϢ
˼ҪⲻӦĻʲôڡ

ӺǱ߻Ϣˡ
̶һ֣á

²ΪԼ
ֶһۣȷû˵Ĳ

Ӧˣ

ԱͬѧһɺʣӦʲôˣ
Цҡͷش𣺡ûʲô

ֻЩȸԾ
ΪҪѺܶӦ˵Ͳ

ƽ£ָϢ
ʱʱϵҡ

һҪǵã
ٴǿ




21.  Ķ   ϲ˭

Ѿ¹ȥˡ

ڿ, һ𣬷ƵУУѡƵ

ԣѾεѡ˸š
Уⷽ, ҸҶ϶¶һû⣡

Уݾѡ, ǳ, ˭Ҳû˭ǿ١

Ÿ̾
ǰҾŮ, ˧Ǽ

ǲŮı˧أ

⣬˭ûش

˵, һƵȥ
ٻ, ̫̫С, һЦü۵ġ

˵ԼǽĹͭɫƨ, ֱڳ̼ˡ

ķһ, ǵͷ˿, 漴˵̫, 172

ûһܳ˷ġ

һ, Ļ£ĸã
ЩĲ, ոҲûϸ, ôʣãȻ˻ҡҡͷ

֪

УһҪѡһַһѡҪ
ϾУУ۹, ǸѡһУݵġ

οһ飬ҡͷ

öС  
Ҫ˵еЩء

Фپ֣С⡣
Ǻϲ֪١

ر⡣

£쿴Ǹ˭أ
չȥԵɨµֻЦʵ춢Ż궼ûˡ

΢öֻ֣Ļţʱ򣬶ʱʱҪһֻ
ôùȥˣ¼ͣڰǰ

ʱϵһֱϵ
ֲٴˣ»˵ᡣ

Ҫֻϰֻ˹һ
ûСķϡ

۾ߣһ顣

Ҳ֪Լôˡ
ԴӰǰصѧУ;Լ̫Ծһ⣬ľı֮ǰ졣

ÿ춼ڵϢ

ÿ춼Ȳͻʧ

֮죬ʵһ㶼죬赽ֻҪ΢ǾҲϵ

ϣˡҲʼ壬˭úòÿƬ𣿡

ʵ´ţ̲סЦ
ÿÿˡĺ

ĺÿ
Σڼģÿˡ

ƬƬһ¿ÿ𾢵Ĳˡ
˧磬϶һ㡣

ֻϻûƬ
ϲգֻϲѧϰ

ѧϰԣ˷ʱ䡣

ȥϲǼҪʹ£ǲע⣬ɿܡ

ţһͷͻȻֻĻš  
ͨĽ档

סֻϸŷ֪ʲôʱ򣬲ͨ˺ͨ
ʾͨʱӡ

ӡǲֻʱ

ǲΪǸʱСİͨȥƫƫͨˡ
Ǹո˵Ļˣ

ѸٵĻԼոǲ˵ʲô׵Ļ
ոպ̸˭˧ǳ˧ġ

Ǹո˵ô˵ʲô϶
̫ˣ̫ˡ

ֶεֱָס

ʿˮֻŵߣŹСĳι
⣬𣿡

Ǳߡšһ

»ǵһκͨ˲䣬ͻȻٵְĿڴ
ҡˣСİˡ

¾ƽĺ͡
ʵըһһǧ̻ˡ

㲻Ҫᡣ˵ţβڲ˵ÿǺĵĿÿ
˵Цߵ٩ˣ

ûеġ

ڽͣǱȴþûдش

ʱսְڻС·ϣͻȻӵ´绰
ԥ˺ܾãǽͨˡ

ڿ˺ÿ̲ס˵˭
֣Фپ

ִСһ𳤴󡭡ҲܶοФپ

֪ȥ
ֱ˵

ɫЩȻǽһǳǳЦݣüҲһһչˡ
˵ʹʼ¿

һżͰͨҵˡ

ȴһֱֻڶϡ
ֻˣڶϣһֱţֻҹյļžȴԸֻÿ

߻ո˵Ļ̫ʵƫƫÿһֶ

˵ǻʱЦʱܿЦǰЦѤõĹ⣬ֱϡ

⿴Լһֱĵƽ

һ䣬ĶҪ
ַĵϲãͲסļԼϵġŨ˼

.

ڴϣں졣

˵Фپ¡
Ҳ첻µز£ʲôͻȥ˵ϲФپǰ͸ˡ

ͻȻıףФپˡ

Ͳ²⵽Ľ֡
ûϵŮ׷иɴֻҪȥָͳɹˡ

ֻҪһ뵽һˣľĺܿܿ죬ܾüĻҪһ뵽ܼͻỶȸԾĲˡ
˵ǲϲ

²֪ԼͻȻӺοʼ

һ˲֫ļ¶
Ϊ֪˱һԸҲҪû

Ƕô˸ж¡

Ǳ˼𾪵ı
˭˭˭ϲ˭

ϲһ˲ĶҲĶûŨңܹĶҲһô׵鰡

¿Ϣˢ˼ʮ岻졣
ƽһЩ

£ҹʱٸ㡣

ֻԸеĮҲ̫ңʱáҡ
ô˵ͬС

Դ֮ФپҲ̫ˡ

¿գĻҸôأ

ô˵ֱù֡
³ôÿԸҲãֱ˼˺ãôкӲϲء

˵£Ҫǵã㳤ôÿûĸкֵܵסĺÿġ
Ҫơ

룬ҪǳͰФپ׷ˡ

ôÿˣʲô÷յġ
ǧҪװװһ̣ˡ

úÿ
º˼ֲر

һûк˵ľǣԷƺѾϲˡ

ȴ
ϣһҪϣ

Ů׷кûʲôģֻҪϲʲôԡ
Ҫһж˲úڡ

±˵ԽԽ졣
˺ˣ˵ˣҪ˯ˡ

Ҫ˳΢ţȺϢ˳
֮ǰ־ԸʱǸȺ

ʮˣZԺѧ

ZĶӳ˵б˭ûȤҪ˶ĻһԾһԶٷ
Ͼҹġꡱ

ӳ˵ԵɣͷȺͶƱ

µ㿪˼룬ˡȥѡ

ԺZʵԶһľ룬תվʮҲ͵ˡ
˸ȥZ󿴿ȻĻ֪Ҫʲôʱпܼ⡣

˵Ķԡ
Ǹ飬Ҫһ㡣

ʱԺ߿ʱĸо
ñס˫̲ס߱ӡ

˯ˡ




22.  ݽ   Ҵ

ú硣

صһ·, Ϳʼױ˵׼ŵʱǲѹ

ѵһڿζû, ԺĴӱ̽ͷʴҪҪһȥԻ
һԼһǰ, ʱʳ, θĲʹ಻סˡ

һرóԵĻ꣬صǻ, ȥԡ顣
ͬ⣡Ϸ˯ʱԺ, Ի, ҲӦһ䡣

ҾͲȥ˼Сǹ, ȥ﷭ҽҪȥZ󡣡

ȱһôС
Ķ£ĸ⾫, ױϸϸ, Ưľޡ

ʱڶֻ, ˶ߡ
ȥZʲô

»ͷҪһȥ𣿡

ĺ, ˹, ҡͷ
Ųȥ, ʲô, ûȥԻ̹

ԽԽˣһȺĻ󣬻ұţǲˬġ

ˡ³֣תͳҡ

.

ȥZ·ϣֻ, һֱԥҪҪⷢϢ
ȺͶƱûͬ⣬֮ҲûκϢ֪ʱ便Щʲô

³硣

֪ҪӦһġҲԺģרҵϴκһȥ־Ըߡ
£ȵס֡

㻹ǲǵϴοZǸ˧磿缤ĲУ˵ξ
ûв´˵ǣӦ⡣

ʲôԼ

ȫѧӢݽ˵ݽߡ
Z·ֱݽߡ

ˣֳûʣʲôλ۾⣬鵽λϽˡ
¾Ů̸⡣

ϴΰҾûλлܼˡ
ϴڿȹݻˣְһֹһݼְ

׬ǮرƴôÿɼֺãʲôôԼ

˭ͨء
Z̳ϰԶ࣬ⳤúÿһѧУͱ͵ĵǽ棬һ£ѧУŮͶ֪ˡ

˵״Ԫʡ山ĳɼȴѧУзѧѧȫ⣬Ҫ׬Ǯ

̨ϱѾʼ

Щޡ
⵱Ϊʲôһ뿪ΪʲôѡȥõĵطѡĬͣƫƫҲһ̡

Ϊô࣬͹νķΧ

ֻЩѧѣպԻ壬֮䣬ֻѧô򵥡

̨ϵıѾʼ
һ̨Ϳʼƣ̧ͷ̨Ͽȥ

⴩һ׳ɾʣü۾ºÿȴĮ޲ͦı£òĳί͹ڵͷ
Ѹݽݽǡǳ̸ս

ֹʻ⣬Ҫרҵʻ㣬Ҫݽ߿˼άбȺ֪ʶԼĸ˼⡣

ҽܺһƬеĹ£ݽ⡣

ƫӢʽվ̨ݽʱеί⣬ǶԴ
¿̨ϵֱ꣬ڷ⡣

֪ܵز˶١

ӴɽӢҿģΪƶĽ£ѰӢѧá
ɶ̶̼ʱ䣬ѾܹμȫӢݽݽ٩٩̸Դ

Ŭڵ㡣

ݽ̨Ӻ
·Ӧ̨ϵˣҲƴĸơ

.

ȺкҼϣһȥԷ

һһ߸ⷢϢ
һ۲ͣ

ѧУˡ


ոտˣôҲˡ
µһ·죬һ¥˺üȦ

ٶֻϢҲû

ȥˣ
룬֪ովͺһˣҲͷӬһײ

ŮȥҪҪһȥӰԱ߲֪ðˣͻȻ͸¡
¾Ŀһۣҡͷܾȥ

ŮѧУİɣǲ·ˣ¶˵ˣЦģ˭һ

ȥҸ·ɡ

²͸ţ˵һЩĪĻ

ֻüӿ˽Ųǰߡ
ʱſӰ

¿˼⡱ʱûعͷ
ǣס֡

ЩţʶǣסָתͷһֱǸˡ
⡣Сĺһ䡣

û뵽ͻȻֻĴȣָͣ˲оԼͣһġ

˿ǣ֣ɫ£ʣŮѣ
˶㣬̧ͷ⣬˵Сʲô¡

ոﻹһ˲ڴ
漴Ҳ֪ԼڴЩơ

ܵ¡

ûȤҪϵʽʲôģ֪˼СŮѵģҲ˵ʲôˡ

Ҳ뿪ˡ

ֳ
ԭ֣˲˸ա

̧ͷ̬ġ

һ䣬ָ紵һƬ쬵ġ
˳ָһֱ

ȴǿں˵⣬Ҹոտݽˡ
ݽر

⣬ڵôôݵˣʲôʱⶼǺܺõˡ

һȥԷɣǶӳ˵ԷҶӦˡ
ЦȰһȥɡȥȥɡ

Ҷ⸽죬һȥطҲ˵Ҹով˺þá

û˵ѾǰߣԶٷһȥ£Ƕѡ

Zʡ֣ĳ̣ʮһ£Ѿ
Ͱе仹ͬ

һֽӵʪ䣬Ϯÿһÿһؽڶ
ԴϴμѵǼ֮󣬾ر䣬¶΢һ㣬ɫͿʼˡ

ܻҪٴӦ

Աһֱڶ⵱ȻҲע⵽ˡ
ԱֿۣóһΧݸ¡

¡˻˿Χֿ⣬ʱЦҵģ
ͷӦš

ȴûнӣֻЦøӿģͷҲͷװɵӦŶ

أ
Ȼأ

Χֻڰա
µ˵ż⣬ǰ̧ͷʣ㲻ҪҴ𣿡

ͻȻôʣֱ׵Щ޲ߡ

ɫ΢ǰЦģ۾ôĿС⺮綼ˣȴŬЦǿţһ˫Ҳһֱڶ
ôεĵ

۾ʱ򣬱κǳҪÿ

ͻȻͺ뱧

ܾǰһΣⱲӶ޷̰ů
ָ˶£İΧݵ

½ӹΧίƲƲǡ
˵ĵʲô˼ѵ飬ĻҪȥ鹥 

ˣβ




23.  ϲ   Ұ

۲͵صѧУ
ܹʮˡ

ҵ¿, ڴѧǸ˿ζKTV, Σ齫Щʩ, רžǴѧ۲;ۻĳ

ԵĲ, кһΡ

֮ǰҲһĥĹϵ, պܿȻˡ

һߣûӦͱ˹ȥ
ǲ׼Щֵġ

ûЩ, ˼֡

, úˡ³Ư, Ҷչô֣ٲȾ˵ȥˡ

Ըķ䡣

ֻСļβ, Ÿһ, һС, , ûͦúȵġ
ζ, ֿ, ˳һۺɫ

Ӧǲݮζ

Աһڴ齫, ܿһȦû⡣
ոϷͲ֪ȥˡ

濴һۡ

ںһŮ˵
ոճԷʱ¾ע⵽ǸŮˣһ, ˵Ĳ˶Զˡ

ڸճֵ꣬ȥˡ
¶òϴβСЩ

ֻǡ˭֪ⲻϲ
ʲôζ˺òá

¿һ£ֱ˼ϡ
ֻ˸Ϸ棬ǸʯϷһ֡

Ĳɣˡ

㻹Ȱ˱ӣɵǣոն˺üˣȶҲġ
ǰΪԹͷúúȣϺ˴ƿ˯˯СʱŻ

鲻ã۾ҡҡͷƵ˵ûϵúȵġ

úȣ֪úȡΣȰٺˡ

²
ܲˣٶһ㶼ûϵġ

һ𣬻û͵ߣϱͻȻһѶ
׼ٺˡⲻ֪ʲôʱģֱ߼ձӣüͷ

ºĽ˵ˣϷҪϷ򡣡

ʲô¡ɭе㺩Ӯġ
ҿ˿Ȼظĵſɿڿֻ

ǸУĴѧ¾۲ûΧȾƣҲ֪أϾŮڣȶ˲á

ȴģűӲϷ£ûԥֱӰѾƺȥȡ

ˡ
ǰ۲ͣ⣬ȾˣɵĿ£ֻȰ׿ˮ

аǼ棬Ҫ˾ȡ
룬ܸҪȵƣһЩ

ҲҪΪ⣬ҶϺȺ

û뵽ܴԼѱȥ
£ҡͷҲˡ

䣬ȻȺöƵġ
ҲãܶȾơ

½˵е㲻Ȼȥ

.

¸ճţû

պ˵ģ֪Ǳ紵ĻǾ죬ͣ½Ų̧ͷ⣬䴽ֱЦ
ոոҵư

˵ģӷﴵ㡣

һ䣬ûͷûβ
˶٣˵ȥ



ʲôʱ
ûа

»ڻû£ͻȻһ·Ҫվȡ
ûƭˣе㲻

˵оֽŶеġ
·߲ˡ

³֣ڡ
⣬Һòã

˵ʲôⶼܾˡ
ǰ¡

ﵽZȻԶԺȴһξ룬Ҫ߻ȥĻһСʱ
رǻ˵¡

±Ĳӣ°ʹϣ¶óѵЦݡ

һʲôɼָģ
⣬ǲǵαˣǵĴΣ

ǵõֻһκڣԺֺһЩ֮ǰǵõ
ܾãкö飬ǲ

ֹһ

ȴûлشĻ

Ķ䣬Ц
⣬ûϲˣ

һֱô˵ţǾòֱ˵á

彩˽ͷһɬ紵ʱ䷺ۣҡͷĴ˹
ûС

ϴ˵ˡ²Ļѻϣֵصʱ˵ϲˣֻϲһ

ϣ
˵Ǽ仰

û뵽ˡ
ͻȻ

֪Ϊʲôôʣǻش˵ƭġ
˵ϲƭ裬ټ

Ļ˼

˵ƭ˵ģ¾Ȼеˡ
Ϊϲ˵Ļܶ£ͱˡ

˺ܾã˭û˵
¾ֽųûʲôҲԽԽ죬ſⱳϣ߿ڣҪǸ㣬ϲأ

ᣬȴ統ͷһŲȻסӲĿ£ֻ룬ԼոЩǲǳ˻þ

¸ոǸӣĺˡ

ֶղȴŬĳһҧ˺ܾõ裬ƫͷȥһ¡

ĴǺһǱġ
źȫˡ

ɽʱǲǾͶرã⣬ʵҶ֪ԼΪʲôҪôá
İˣΪǸĿ֮ɽ£ĿһУر

ʯʱ򣬳ĬһԲȴ޵ϡﻩΪǳ֮Уû뵽Ȼܻ

ԼҲûܹһ˵ȴҪȥһҡ

⣬ܲܶҲһ㰡ԽԽֱβں䣬ֻʣ
ԣ¡

ûӦ

ֺһ£
ûӦ

תͷ۾
˯ţǡιȥˡ

˲ֶ£ȴ˱ĸĺƽȡ
ƽһЩ뵽ո쳣Ϊϵֻ־ֽ߬סˡ

ȥ·ߣһ⳵

.

ʱ賿ࡣ

ɫӸɵССռ䣬Ǽ⴫ҩˮˮζϲͷҺ
Դڣе벻Լôˡ

ڻ룬ߴ˻Ƶͳûﲻ

ڴ϶˶ش˵ֻЩ顣

ˣ֮ǰ۲ͳ;ֽŷ·߲ȣⱳ˵ЩԴԽԽΣ治֪ʲôʱû֪ˡ

Ҫȵˮڴߣһֱûۣ˱ˮ͵ߡ
ҲûΪʲôĿˣ˼ڣһˮ˲ס

һͷȥ

³Ҫûһ㣬ˤ˻ȥ
顱һ졣

Ϸ±ӣͷˤˣ
ˤˣ

ոռ˵ȱأֽҪಹҺˮ˲
ûʲô£ʾû

ºԹײһۣԴˡһ£۾Ϳһŵǰ뿴ˤȴֲ

±ԴۣͻȻЦ
ȥָ֣סָ

ͷһûг鿪֡

һֱЦţ۾ôЦſЦĶˡ
ȻﶼЦ

Ұ




24.  ֲ   һ԰ɡ

ͷˤˡίĿ, ˵ӲԴ

ҽԺĴôܲӲֲȼ, ҵСȲϡ
ҪٶҼ£Ҫ˶ɵˡ

˵ˤ, Ҳ֪ô, ˶٣˸ͷ, һ

ͻȻɵ
ǰûôɵ㶵ӣһ, ΪҲùġ

̫߻ġ
, ͣڰ, һʱҲǣҲǡ

ұŰɡЦŰͷԼ

⣬Ҽǵ㱳ҳ, Ȼͷرôεˣ
̧ͷ, ŹҺ, Լǲǵʲô˵Ĳˡ

ҽ˵ȱء ش˵ʧˮġ

ôһ˵, ˡ
⼸첻̫Ӧ, е, ǰһֱ, 淢˺ЩȫѵһͻȻͱˡ

Ȼĵͷ
鷳ҽԺˡ

ʱôҽԺǲ˲ã˿ûԼѾǸ˵ǣʱȥݰݰɣɽϿԿڡ

ȥƽ
ҪǶƽ

ǰһƽĶ, ͸ġ
ܱƽ

ô˵ӿڴͳǸƽ
ССһŷƽɾûһ覴ãһ֪ǱСġ

ָգָе᲻ãɻ˵㡣

ñƽӲ˵ġ
ǣϣƽ

ǳҲֿԸ

µͷƽ̧ͷ
㻹أ

漴ҡҡͷ
ҲҪ˵Ǿģд֣Ҫƽ

ͳȥĶﻹջصĵ

Ᵽܵôãϲˡ
ʱĲ²͸ʲô˵ɣܶʱ䣬ʵҲܺá

ַֿƴ͹ģǲ˵ܸоġ

ͻȻ˺ȳƶӵĽŲ̤СİӶƶ

ܣϳǣֻҲе˵Žͽȡ

µһĳ棬ŵɫ˲ˣ߬űӣתͷµĿ⣬һʱȴƲסĿ־塣
Ӧĳ档

ûоĿɲھǰ˭᲻°

һŵˣżվǰһֱסĶ䡣

û£ͺˡοվǰʱǰ߱סȫǺɫ

֪ȥá
涯ģΪ£Ķʶı

²İȫУܵǰŲŲԴ䣬Сǽıס

ֱ氲ɢȥ

۾ţ֡
ǲѾͣˣ

֣ͷӦһ

̧ͷ۾գգһ£СʣǾȹ𣿡
Ҳ֪ɸոôӣԶԶĻпֹ̫ۡ

˵Ӧþȹˡ

˵ĻһɫɻһЩ
СˣرʱҽԺܾɭɭġ

Ǽ⴫ϵζһ㵭ҩζȴºţźʱʶԼ֣ڻ

Ļһָⰲĵĸоһһ

±ţԸɿ

оԼ޹һġ顱죬ںҹԡ

⻰ں￨˺ܾãų͵͵ˣ˯ɡ

ҡͷ˯š

һ컹пϣո˯һѹİĵط˯š

˵˯ʲô취
ֻǵ塣

ҽ˵ˣҪϢ

⣬Ҹ˵һܡ»֣ССģرĹԡ
ָֻ֣ԹԵķġ

ʲôܣ
ûע˵ֻܸоԼ

ʶһߡ

ʵûк
Ҳû˵

ǵԼ˵ʲôҲ֪Լ˵ʲô
϶Ǿ˵ģȻô˵ιȥˡ

Ҳģشء

¿Сʣԡ𣿡

Ѿ˵һˣûп۾Ŭ˵ġ
ŮӣôһαףûеõӦҲûǸ˵һ顣

Ҫǵ汻ܾˣһһΣܶġ

һΣԽԽСشָ΢΢Ķ£ſҪˡ

Ϊʲôڴ˳Ƶļ塣
Ϊʲô

кܶõˣûһ˵ϲĻ
ã

ȷʵܿԼղס

ʲôΪʲôĶˣһҲת㼸ʮ룬ŷӦʵĻ

Ϊܺðĺã¶ö룬ѿڶ
ɼãԸãôݵˣңҲҺܺõġ

˵ôãȫŵ㣬һȱ㶼ûһ

סͬһһ꣬ĺãǳķ棬ڸϸ

Ĭ䣬˵ԼЩ¡
Щ֪ģ֪ġ

ǰ˴գ̧ͷˡ
⣬ҶôãɰǰϢ뿪ˣ֪ʱж𣿡

һ˫۾һ鶼ô󣬿ƫƫŵ

ѵӦֲһ𣿡

֮ĹϵҲ˲һ
ҪߣԲκ˵𣬵ܲ

ûʣѾ˵⣬һ԰ɡ

һ԰ɣԺͻϲˡ

ı߬ġ
ĿںۣȴǸ£һ㶼á

Ǹ޸ĸĹ¶ƶ࣬ȫúƽ˵ЩÿһʱĶʵѾƽܵ¡

ڿֻһʱ𣬿ɵˣͻ֪ǰѪܵʵ

ڱð´ĻŬѧϰɼôãҲԽԽ㣬ԺӻΪˡ

°ڲϣֱԴļϣѹᡣ
ûпܡ

ʱ˵ҹһӵģ⣬Ҵ˵ٻ

ûһôǺôҲһ԰ɡ
ҪĿһ㡣

Ƭ̺һֻͷһƽֵȻӦá

ĵĻ
ǾʹӦ

ģ²ΪԼˣ۾һ˵Ц־ͱסСԴ̲ס䡣




25.  ǣ   ˯ɡ

¿ľû, ͻȻƿƹ۵ʱۡ
ҺСˣʿ鷿ֻС±, ̲ס˵һ䡣

ϹԹԵİַ, ˻ȥ

õҲĲ, ǻʿ롣
ڻûﲻģͷβΣ

ºҡͷûУֻе顣

ǾͶˮ, ˯һͺˡʿ㻹ͦϲװ۵ƯСƯ, ֵҹ鶼ˡ

Ҷ˵, ιˮ

ѡ
, ̲סЦ⣬۽üһӿͷ, ش, Һ˵ģ

, úϢ ʿ˳ѵƹ, תȥ, ӡ

ˮʢһˮ, ù, ˼ڣȻڴߣֱЦ

İһˮˣΧҲòȻ֪Ѿˣһ㶼

, ϻҪϿ𣿡ͻȻѾһˣ϶ҪѧУϿεġ
ܵѧϰ

ͷشһڿΡ

ϢɡżϾмСʱҪˡ
һֻһڿΣûʲô̫Ĺϵڲ˯ǰҲԲġ

ǧҪϿˡ

µͷ˿Լ˯ŵĲ¿ȣȻ̧ͷĴߣ˯ɡ
˯ռһطԺúϢ

ǼңֻӸССĿռ䣬һŴһͷ񣬾ֻдһСˡ

ⳤôߣǸ಻

ҾͿŴĴСǿǿǿ˯˵ġ

⿴۴һߣҡͷûдӦ

Ϊʲô
ڴϣ̧ͷվǰ⣬üͷ촽Ҳõ

𣿡룬Щѹ˼ոǲԼӦģ˵ֻǺܷܵͬˡ
ֻܺúϢ½ͣԽԽСΪҵϿΡ

˵ţơ
ϴŻѾֻռһССĽ䣬ȻҲ˵ͰͰ͵Ŀ⡣

Į˿ʲô
˻ѱӸǵϣȻڴռ˵λã

ֻ˯һ㡣Эˡ

ǲˣӦúúϢ
ҪҲֻôӦ

۾˵ͷ


ҹž

һ׶Ĳ˶ű˯мȴԶ˯һ˶⡣
ֱͷź˵⣬㲻Ҫһ𴲾Ͳˡ

һѹġ

֪Ϊʲô룬ܾһۣͻῴ
ûĻش

±۾ոջѣϮʶҲģˡ

.

ڶ㣬ˡ

ʵҲûô˯ֻǱ۾һС˯˯ѵģСʱ
ӾѾγϰˡ

øҲһСϣռôһطʵĺܲ

һۣµ

۾˯ţ˯񾲣ëһƬӰ
˯رĹԣ˯֮ǰͰԼ˽һֱڼСʱˣǱ֮ǰƣûж

ҺûлڣȻ͸ֱӹȥˡ

üС쵽İмŲ
Ųһ㣬ۣѾˡ

⣬£һûӦΪʲôԼһۻῴ⡣
һˡ

ڸʲô֪ʣҵȥ𣿡
ûг˯͵͵ߵ¾ͺܿˣرһ۾Ϳ

һ鶼ú

ԼмŲֲ㣬ͲҪԼ۵ȥˡ
һ㣬оԼָˣֽŶġ

һмŲ۽鵽ҲˣϾҪ´ȥˡ
һżȥֱץסǰȻײϡ

Ŀԣ˲ֻߵľ롣
գգۣоԼëѾȵϡ

ⳤÿ
ǹôţٵըĴڡ

ۿɼĺˡ

һ룬ˡ
Զˡ

²ÿӶ֪Լڵ϶Ѿĸƨһˣǿװ򶨡
ҪȥϿ𣿡

ͷ£˵Ҫŵ㡣

ѧֲУͿʼϰһڿҲǾŵſʼϡ
Сʱ

ǸϽԺȻȥͣȻ󡪡
£̽˵ҡȥϿΣ

û˵ϸĿڡ
ȥϿΣҲԣûûѧУء

ǶѧϰĵˣһȥϿλŵ
ȻҲרҵƽʱѧĶʲô

Ӵֵһˮ£һֱĬҲ˵
ţźˡ

ȻӦһš

̧ͷһɻˣ΢ٺ󣬸ȷϵҿһ𣿡
֪β˵Ĭˡ

˻ԸϿأôһϿηôˡ

µȻˡ
ӹˮ˹˵ºȣЦӯӯĿԼǺõĲˡ

.

ҽԺ¸ȥ顣

¥ȥ¾͹Թ
¥ͻȻվôһƯ̲סۡ

߾ۼµȻܲŰָֽ˽

Һû̫á
ӣˡ

һ¾ͳСܹȥֱ˵ϡ
̧ͷЦЦ

ž㡣

½أΧ˿Ҳˡ
ƯŮѵġ

⣬ס¥±߱ߺ
¥

¥һ߲㡣
ʣе𣿡

ҡͷûС

²ɾȡ
ûеݣ¥Ȼֻ˲ӣһɫƽһҲ

ٵѧ¥ʮӵľ롣
ʱѧǸϿεʱ·ٵˣҲ˫ɶһġ

Χ˼һ𣬶ǣ֣ܵ˵Цš
ٿ⡣

ǰһѧĸо
˵ĻӳĬˡ

һƬ԰ӺͻȻͣ
Ҳͣ£ͷ

ôˣ⿴̫Ծ

߸·һ£ֱԶˣջĿ⡣
Ȼ֣С˵ҿ˶ǣġ

ȻǶǵһ̸¾ãЩ飬ҪͲ̸ʱһ

¡

ôڴ֣飬֡
Ұ顣ʲô¼Ͼ˹ӹһֱԼ

̧ͷʱĹ




26.     Ůѡ

Χ˿
ǣס֡

Ϻ, 庮ָ΢΢, ͻȻ䱻ůİΧ·˲ɢеĺ⡣

̧ͷЦ, ˵ǿˡ

, Цֹֹסֱ˽, 룬ϣʱһ, һ㡣

һ, ˺ȥ
Ӧͬҵͬѧ

档¿һ, ɿȻԼһš
ͲϿˡ

, ÿͺ˵úϿΡ

˵, ˡ
Ҳǰˡ

һžº, רҵ˶ѧ, һ, Ǽں, ࡣ

Ҳû˵, ôŻЩΡ
̧ͷڰ壬ʦΣںרҵѧЩʲô

ɱϾԼûӴĶɬѶڿΣѾ˯

̨ǸŰϽ, ͷһѰףȴʮ㡣
һǸŮشһ¡

Ŀ⿴ʱ˶סˣŵ̧ͷͽĿʱͷ
Ǵɫ·λ

һţɫ·Ůǲ

ָһʱѧʦȥĸо
ʱôһôʱĳȻǰ췽ҹ̷Ƕʲô߰ġ

붼ûͷȥ룬˵˿ڡ

ҵĿⶼеϣ޵ݣֻҸطԼȥ
Աһֻ֣ĵһֽ

дʲô̷ʲôɣû

֧֧ᣬûһ仰
ڣֻġУǰͻȻ

˵Ŀֱǰ
վ˵һΣش𡣡

ϵǳɼãԴϷȻ˵Ҫش𣬽Ҳû˵ʲôֻǵͷʾԡ

òһ⣬侲٩٩̸֮󣬽ĵͷ
¿ǰ⣬ֻܿƽĲȴһȻĳ羴

ĺôͨ󼰵ִ

ڿ˿ͻȻЦʣô֪˼ģ
ûһ

ԭĿ¶˰ԣԱ˽˵ĸϵŮôÿ
Χ˵

Ůѡ

̶ĸ֣侲𺳡
ⳤúóɼҲãԸĮƽʱô˵ǵժĸ֮

ڿϣô˵棬˵Ůѡ
ֱǴԡ

ˣЦͷ
ѧˣ̸ǹ¡

´һ𡣡ڰ֣ʾ¡

ڨڨ£ͷ˻ղſ࣬³ˣҲ˼̧ͷ

.

źûӣ¿ˡ

ͬѧǶʼʰ뿪ңҲûʲôʰģվŷԼϻһֱֽ߬

ǸոԱŵݸġ
·ӦҪ˵ллתͷŷѾûˡ

ֵͷֽϵ֡
дĻͦã仰شЩ˼࣬ӦҲȷ𰸡

ţԱһֻͻȻֽ˹ȥ

ɨֽϵ֣üͷ£ְֽ˹

𰸣Ҳ֣һ֡  
Ӧֻ΢źš

¶ûֺ滹֡
ͷȥ뿴дʲôһ룬ֱӰֽһţӽͰ

ˡ˵һ䡣

ֲǲʶ֣дļһ㣬ǶԵġ̲סһ䡣
ǲרҵ£ûӣػؾô֣Ȼܿס

ⴹ˴û˵˵ľǴġ

аɣҲ˵
ùװԼǰվվ˵Լ˺üĻ

Ҹոˢ΢һ̳¿ҵȥһ䣬Ը绹ԿӰ
°ʱ䶼ˣÿԸһĹ˵㵽ѧУϿΡ

ȥˡ
ôãûôȥ·Ҳ

˵꣬۰ͰͿ⣬ڴ
һΡ֤Ժ϶ٵѧϰٴ⣬϶һررŮѣ

ĸŮѻ
˵ٴšĻ

ʵ⻰˵ҲᣬҲ֪㣬ܹͺܺˣܶ鲻Ҫżһһġ

⿴һۣɫ˵Ĺ죬Ȼһ䣺
һ⻰ǴӦˣæشԶ·Ϳȥġ

˵ţ߰Ѱϱ˱ǸϽ߰ɣڶѾкöˣ˶üȥ

һҶõȥԷ˿϶ܶ࣬ǵȥȻԷռط

ߣͻȻһᣬתͷͿİⱳˡ
£Ӧû˵ģֻЦųͷ

ס֣ɫߣСĿ
á

϶һ£һ˲ɬʶ䣬ְַս

˵Ǹ̳Zųȥ׵ĵطǸȦ쿪ҵֳ쳣𱬡

ϲ̳֮ǰеʱһĻܹСʱۡ
룬һ㶼ǲϲֵģһҪסԼ

˼˼Сʱһäеꡣ
ÿɰ

߲˹ȥ
ԱС㿴ϲЦܡ

ǵ»ΪŮؿĻжŶ

ԱһСڳ飬Ҳû鵽ŮҪģŮҪټ
Σֻ˳˼м顣

ûг鵽
ŮһߣСȰСһǧˣٳ¾ûˡ

Ůʧȥʱͺܲˡ

Ŵѧǣ̳Ŀ϶ҲǴѧӶ࣬ء
Ǯ

ҡͷĿäм˻һҲҪ˼
˹ӣֲϲ

漴֣˵ż⣬⣺ȥԷɣǱһҬӼܺóԵӡ

ߣ¥ȥ˵ţǰߡ

ǰߣ¥ʱͷһۣĿʶɨ
룬ȻӦ˵׻һ㶼һŮѡ

ǰϵӣ˼ҶŮһĻ׸ôǮзȫAA

ǰʲôգ֮Ĺϵȷʵһ
һֱһ

ʵ֪֮źܶ࣬ҲкܶĸҺ϶Щ飬ûװ׵˵

Ҳ룬Щʱġ
ôôŬ⣬δһƬǰ;

ű׻߸ڵӰԺʱһԣóֻĻ¡
ͷһۡ

һ֡
ƶλ

¼Ĭ˿ȥ͵͵֣Ȼű׻͵ߣ۾ڸһҪɺóԿɺóˡ

ʵһ죬һ㶼ˡ
Цһֱرãֻ򵽽λãҲһ㶼ûб¶ں˵ڽ俴Ҳͦõġ




27.     ϲˣ

ӰѾǿ㡣

¸һĹ, ̳󣬼ææϳˡ
ڴߣЦֱ֡

´ټ

߷, һƬмߣһ߿·һ߽Ŀʱ, ֱߵʮ˷, ڵѧУ

ѧ¥ܣýӵĸĵ绰

, ʦĿβôϾҪˣ
ȫһȥ۲ûϸǷϢ˵ס, ҲǸܹԵŮ, ôҹһס

϶ûˡ

ļ, ۿſϿˣϢأֻܸ绰
ܵ

ȸռλ, ˡ˵, Ѿ˵ݡ
¥, 613, һȦ, ڿںų֡

ѾϿ, ´, ӺŽңԱλ¡

Ŀһ
ոտʼû֡

ȥˣǰţתͷСһ䡣

ҡҡͷ˸, ˵¿˵

İ鶼ˣ˵ڿʦܻ᲼ҵһҪú

´Ӱ﷭ʡ
մȻǰģһɫСӡ

£óäС
֮ǰڵӾͺÿɰǶŶ࿴ۡ

ôİ

»£ǲʲô
ȷԼû

룬óֻⷢϢ
ҵѧУˣҺøûгٵ

һôϢ
š

£ˣ
ǱȻߣʾСȴһֱûյϢַлл⣡

ô˽⣬شȷġ
;ʱȥһ˵ϲ¿Ҳûע̫ࡣ

İһֱⱳţͻȻ˶϶ŵġ

˲øĺãֱһ𣬿äУ߶Ʋ

½ŷ˸ĵıȥ
ˣ

֮ϽֻϣŽ
̨ʦϾҪ㵽ˣҲ±飬ԹԵ׼Ρ

.

ڴϣäоͷڴͷ

һֱûвΪﱾǴ֮󾿾ܲʲô
ĵһöද¡

ԼŪˡ

°ͣһֱ֪жá
ֱһϴ裬صϴŶȻ

תɻرѣ༭һȦ
äеģһԾ˷ܵı顣

ϲ˵̹̹

ôˣڵµһۡ
ôؿˣ

»ؿá
𣺡ʲô

£ϲˣ

˵Ĳףܿܺá
Ҳˣ˽ġ

ȦʱѾʮһʮʮӵ㡣
ʮֵʱ⻻¿ȵĹʹֻһۡ

ĺѲ࣬Ȧк㣬ʾµͷ
˽ȥ

λεġϲ֣ﰵɫ̻ζ
ȴǰסЦ⡣

⣬㻹ûȥأʮˣΪͦơ
⻹ڣʱ䣬ǵ㵽ѧУһ˰ɣԵ𣿡

ϿңǿҲܳԿˡ
еϾʱ䶼˼ְϣûйһϢ

˭嶼ģʱ򾡹̣⣬ʹһˣ͸֪ˡ

ˣϴβҴʡҽͬѧʡҽϴ䡣
Լ˱ȣڣ˵һѵסԺרŸ

ڲˣҪĻŶӣͬѧ˵ܾҪݼˡ

Ѿʮһ£µʱ͹ˡ
һݼٲ֪Ҫݶã֮Ҫǿ϶ѡ

֪Ϊʲôܲµš
ɻּû

ټôŬ׬Ǯ

ϵģȶˣȡ
ˣҪ׬ǮһҪƴЦ£ô

ְ׬ĶСǮӣֻҪеǸ׬Ǯ·ӡ
Ȼֻһ졣

Ͼ˼ҸϴѧǵѧҵΪء
ҵ֮󣬿϶ǰ;

˵꣬ѿȱ¡
ӣ̧ߡ

ȥϢɡ˶٣ЦҹҲá

.

µһϷӭһ졣

ʪĺ⳹ǣﶼʵʵȴʱֽű䣬Ͳ

ͼݳ󣬸ϽñΧϣ˫Ķ˼£ȻӰ﷭ֻ
ⷢ΢Źȥ

ҽϳӣһѧУиȰúó԰´δԣ
ֻһֱ棬ӹµģգҲգһ¡

Ȼ⣺ĺģһҪഩ·ҪҪ

ⲻǺֻܳϢһҲͻصĺ֪һ㣬ϰˡ
ǾͬһŲһĳ̣ȴѾþúþûмˡ

ÿ춼ֻ΢죬ϢӶࡣ
ĸһ

֪æҲӦ˲Ծÿ΢Ϣָͷġ
ǷϢֻεεΡĻҲԵܷɡ

£Ĵӽѧ¥һ󣬹ס֡
ȥ棿صģһлҪ˵

ǿҹ֮ĩܣȻͷźˡ
ѧ֮ĵһ꣬ȻҪúù

ĲǵҪҹˡ
ѽٹʮҪؼˡ

²˵ս˵㣬С˵ӰϵһʦҺԷ˵ʶʶ

ǳ̣ʼ˵ˡ
Ƕһȥ£ʦ˵۳ϡ

ֻҡҡͷ
Ҳȥ

ľǸʦͦúÿһװˣΪòر䡣
ѧ˵ȻҪ̸ץסС

𲻺˼Һ嶼һȥ㵫һ㲻ϲ߾òģ
ĲȰ

ѡô˵£Ȼƶľܾ

ĲŲš
ϸ»ûУھ˵ˡ

ģһڲˣһȵѡ
ѣ쳯Ϧദ֪ܲʲô

ϴ˵ȥZ󿴱һҹޣʱǽҾͼݣԼһˣѧУŶٿ

ʵڲеŽ棬СŮѴѧصѽΪġ

룬ҪǳôƯǿ϶̸Ҳѡ
ʱֲŶԡ

Ȱô䣬ƫƫֻȥһ䡣
ѡ

Īίֲ֪ôͣü壬ͷһֱûзӦֻĻĬһС˵ѡС

ʲôǰߡ
ֻƬڴȥȿƬ϶ģ

˵ˣҹŽĿģ㲻ķҼҲһȥȻϷźˣһ¼ء




28.  ָ   £ڡ

»ص, һֱĥӲݡ

µϢȥСʱˣûյظһߵһ߿, ͻȻ΢ŵϢ۾һ, ϰֻ˹

⣺¿Ρ

¼Ѹٵı༭Ϣû, Ѿ׼ĩԡ
ǡʲôʱĩ

⣺Ƚ

˵ZĩܱѧУҪ, żʱҲһЩ
ʲôʱź٣ǿһȥ, ŵĻ, ҲZʡһ, Ե

ȷһʱ䣬ȻڼƱɲ

ãȴ֪ôȥ¡
ϴһԲ뿪, θؼ, ʲôݺء

, , Ҫ˵

£ϾҪ, ˵, иӰϵʦҪһȥ档
̽ʣ˵Ҫȥ𣿡

ô, ˼Ѿǳԡ
ΪѣӦʲôʦ磬ΪʲôҪǣСôһҹŶԡ

ϾǶþûм

һ룬¿ⷢϢ
ȥȥ

ʱͿ, ֱӰֻһӡ
֪ҲֻܸԼ绰һʵģҲûʲôڴġ

ʱ̽ͷֻ¿˷ܵҿG£Ǿһȥɡ
ͷϣһ˵ʹӦӦУȥȥ

Ӧˣ˻ڲһӦֻʦַϢ
ҸӦ˰ʱȥɲܷڡ 

ﻹü˵
ͷסԴʲôϢٿˡ

úֻûµϢ
ڴϣӺƵʱʱķЦȻԼҪһϷ

˼֮ദģʽ
⣬ֻͨѡ

ǹϵôõѡ

֮ǰ˵һԣ֮ҪǲϲҪȥ

äСޣֱֱĶţúĲ˲ίʣΪʲôһϲأ

.

ҹѧУٷš
˵죬ʵգͶһѡ

һ¾ͱȥԷ

˼̲裬һͺ˵ƻĻš
ȥΣ籾ɱԱˣңЩ˶Ŀ

ˣ϶޺棡Խ˵Խ˷ܡ
½ӹ̲裬˵ЩĪĻһʱûзӦʲô˼

Ҫȥ棿

ˣӦ˿¿ʦ֣ҹһȥġ
İ̲ȵ죬ȤһԼᣬǼ㣬㿼졣

廰ΪۼŮİȫҰҲˡ

һһģ¶岻ϻӺϴһʹӦˡ
һҪȥ𣿡鲻ã̫ȥ档

һȥҲ԰Ѿ˳ߣƲֵģ͸óȥһɢɢĲŶԡ

ֲǣǿһȥˡ

˵еĿ¿ʦ֣²֮ǰѡ޿εʱ򣬺һ
ʱһֱĿʵҲ̫ɳòǻشһ䡣

ҵտ¿һȻкңȻ£ʼӡ
˵ȥϵģɼȻˣ¿˵´ҳϡ

ó£ΪҲ󷽣˼䣬䣬ʹرһ
ʵҲĺԹһη

£ȿֻţ̣¿ʱȻܽţӼڣ⻹ĵһ仰
Ҫ˵ʲôãҪô˵ܸһӡ

ȻӦ϶ҲǶе˼İɣֻҪúñ֣˵Ϸˡ

Ǽ²̼ϵġԱ͵͵ѿ¿

¿ϰѿַŵһȥǺţֵ̣䣬վ˵ôĲãȥţһȡ

ȻǸԴϵģİ룬⻹ǵôϣ˵óһԼżء
Ŷ䰡

վ飬˵ȥҰɣոսʱҿǶһ棬ϣô

ĳʹɫ
ϷӦҧһ⴮סĵ֣ãһ飬Һһ飬ʦһ顣

飬ȾͲ̫档
еָߡ

ҽ̫ˣ岻ӦҵĻ
ҡҡͷû£˫ĺãֻҪѳͿˣȫӮ

ҾڸڣӲѴҶȥ֧ʹȴ

ССҪ˶ȫԦǿһһ£ǿһ롣

̾˿

û£ģʱϣ棬һ㡣¿Ϊ£İο

˵ţϰ˼˽
רҵԱΪҽаȫ̺Ҫգһ顣

ȣڽ֮ǰҪ׼ɵʵЬӣŲϸģһ
ϤȻ̧ͷöĿ⡣

˶סˡ

û뵽⡣
֮ǰһڿȵļְÿҪܻȥ¾Ѿˣû뵽Ҳмְ

⵽жټְ춼Ҫѧϰ׵жۡ

¿ȴƿˡ
ʹҽҪ㣬ȫ붼úĮȴԳ˳

¿Աĺ棬һһ߰ο£ŽӣѾʼȫװˡ

⻹иҲҪȥ

¿װݸ£ʾϡ
ûӣֻһֱ⡣

ΪڹԲѾԸˣˣµͷкҲðһվֲǿ

룬ٸʮӣٰĲˡ

ʮšˡһ

ҧ룬ٸ롣
塢ġһ

£

һֽӹ¿װԼϣ¿˵ϰɡ
¿ҲǵһһûŪӰĴѧ˵ŷģһӣŷ֧סԼѡ

¿˶ԼŲסҲҪţʢºӡҪһ
ŮӶϲӦǶеøеģֻҪסᣬ֮ˡ

¿ȥ¡

ȻСǿԵģҪǿָߣ濴
˿ףûˣץǽڿʼ¿Ա˵Լڲ֡

ˣ£оɡո֪Ů˵жѣǺȰ
ҲоԼڰˣûȥҲ֪ôһ濴ԴεתûԼ

ҲƽʱĶ¥ôߣôô£˲һ˳ȥͿˣĹԼǹء

ͬһλͣ˼ʮ룬ɫԶ׼Ĳ԰ףļòУֱÿ¿һ¡

¿ǽϣȴڶ
ͷӦûκζ

ʱĴϰȫװĿ֮£ֳ
һֱߣͣ

ֱ֣סϵӡ

£ֱ֣Ȼû֮ǰôƽΪ£㣬µġ

ˮ⺬Ųᣬ⼸ͷİַſ

䣬̶ʮ˫ѾأеһֻһֱӣĪİȫС

£˲ý⿪Լϵװһ£û£

˼뻺̧ͷţԽϵװȫĻ




29.     ԺһʱϢ

ͷһοĮɫ

, ԭء
½⿪ϵӣɫҰףʲôҲû˵, תߡ
СߵҲ

, ⷴӦ, һѸٵĽ⿪ӣ׷˹ȥ

ССߵĺ, ȴӰüĽ, ɫ
·, Ѿܡ

ת¥ݹս, һۿ̨ϡ

Ƿڣӽȵ, ĳ
߹ȥ, ɫǰ档

, Ƚȥɡ⿪, Ȱ
, ̧ͷһ, ﺬŴ, Ѿۿҡҡ׹

ֽץ·ŸԼҪޣôܵίһ˲䱬ɿƵռԡ

žžʱˡ

¡⺰֣ں, ˡ
ǲʹֽŵʡ

Լֽ·ڴտյģʲôûС

ȴһûп޳вĽź͹ģ־ûȻ̫ʵ

ոΪʲôңл˵Ҳֻ̫࣬˵ոշ¡
͵ʶҶԲԣ²ǲǾ׼һֱҵ

ӵĸоĺܲãرǱԼϲ˺ӡ

Խ˵Խίšͻˣһۡ

ûУҪô̿ƣȴû뵽һôֱֿ¡
ҴˡǸǺ˵

Ӳȴϡ
֪ô˵ھ˵һ֡

ϣͻȻͣסˣգ۾е㲻Լոʲô
ӣ˵һ¶ûôңҲ̸𣿡

ȻϲΪʲôҪӦأ
Ϊþܾ

ҡ⻰ߣ֪ô˵
Ժ󲻻ˡЩ޴룬ҡһʱϢ

ֻҲûôʱ俴ֻֻҪˣصġ
ܶʱ򣬿ϢЩС£ֻǿţ֪ܻʲô

Ȥֿûʲôܷġ

ô֪ϴ
¶֪˵ʲôˡ

£Ҫˣ˻С̽˵仰

ĿһᣬͻȻͿ޳
ҪⱧһһµĳżίҿָߣҸոر£ԺҲҪǸˡ

ոͰѺµ·ŵһˣڻͻȻһ¡

ֲ̫̫ˡ

̧ͷ⣬ǰ˰⣬Խ¡
ͷӣĴǶ˶˫̧䵽ʱԥ¡

ץһֱӱס
ʶ

°͵Ŀڴ˲䣬૵ĺ˵ҸոǺȥǸģȻҲŲȥ

⡭һ֣ľͳױ߬סһһۡ

¡
ûֻôסһֻĺףĺˣ²ҪޣԺˡ

ϲһͰҲģǰôһɨˡ

ԴֱĵĵͷӦţţˡ

ֻ˳ëСèһǻͷͺˡ

˻֮¿־ɢȥʲô̧ͷ˿ʣһְֱ𣿡
⣬㵽жټְ

ΪʲôҪôƴǮ

üش⣬Ƕ˶ǲ˵ٻ
һ¡Ĳ䣺ûټְ

֪ǲ˵
˵Ǻܶࡣ

ҪϿΣҪְ۵𣿡
һˣһֻ24СʱҪô£ﻹʱϢء

ҡҡͷش˵ۡ

⻰˵ġ
ⱲӣԹܶ࣬иѸ޷ģӵæµ㲻ʲô

⣬ûУʡ

£ͷˡ

²Ųš
ӣ϶ûԡ

£ʲôʱꣿ
⣺Сʱ

ߵ࣬ٹСʱͿ쵽ʮ㣬ôʱ䣬ԹԵĵͷ˵ãҵ㡣

ɿ˰֣ȥϴּ䣬ȥɡ

˵꣬תϴּķߡ

.

»󣬴ҶΧôˡ
¿վһߣɫЩףû˵ɫѿֹ졣

֮ǰĵ˵ᱣԼ˵Ķûǰô
¿֪Լûٺ˵ʲôɺòװԼֲľ

뻹ûʲô취Լ

Ҷܹ£ȴĲɣֻҡҡͷ˵Լû£۾һֱǽǱߡ

֮ǰΪֻǽм򵥵Ľѧû뵽Ҫʾͼ˰ȫСʱ¾Ϳͷˡ
ô죬ôǿȵĹôܿס

ֻܿţż

£㻹ȥʲô¿ߣʳһ䣬ŽһҪúñ֡
ҪҪɱ߾籾ɱмСʱͿˣÿԱŵ㡣

ûлشֻڵͷʱ䡣

Ǿŵʮ֡
ʮӡ

Ǳ£һ֮ı⹤˼Сʱ͸֧
¿һֱǱߣո˳󣬷Ǹ˳˷ͷеﲻ

¿Աߵ˵ֶûҲûԱߵ϶䡣
Ա˸ֲֻֻǸɣзʲôġ

ǣˣתͷڱ۱Ƿǣܹ𣿡

ֻһֻ֣Ҳǿ

º͵Ը񣬺Į¿סû뵽ᱻ
ģüͷѯʣ֪ͻȻ֮ôˡ

ҡҡͷȻ֪
¿ɫѿˡ

ʱѾ·⣬ͻȻҧһһǶ

Ӯˡ

Ϊذܵľ棬ͻȻŤתƣΧˣ룬
Ƕ֣ɿĻ

¼һ˹ȥһѱסͷȥ֡
۲۰ճۣѪˣ¿ǲ԰ףֱҪˡ

ҪôƴֻһݹѣӮûϵС

ⶨ˶񣬻ûӦ۵һƬĶĵůĮĴǶˡ
±Ҫֻǰ䡣

˵ߡ
Ҫȥҩ֮ģȻ춼ˡ

˵ҪߣӦòһˡ
Щͷԣʱʲôûʡ




30.     ʱ㡣

ҹķ̹ǡ
Ƿѩ

˵û, ô²ģ뿴Ҳϡ
֪, ñ˿֡

ڵͬܡ

, ¾ԼǸǧ֮⡣
, ָԼûϵ

ȥԱһ·, żС̯ӣĳȥ
µΧ, ִĵ·, һźֱӹ, ʱͲĴ¡

оҪѩˡ

С̯ϰŸʽë޵ķͶƯСһµע⡣
˼, ׼Ǯ

ԱһŮӹ, ˵ϲǸС
С, Ǳˡ

Ǹ˵ʲô, ¶, ͷ, һۿФپ
ФپȷӦ

ʢ, ɰǣŮ֣ЦЦ

Ȼһж飬ԴӸбҵ֮ҲûмϾͲһ࣬Ҳ㲻Ϻ졣

Фپ˱̲裬˳־͸, ġ
ԱߵŮõĿФپһۣФپû⣬ֻСһ䣺Ҹͬѧ

µȻû̲衣
ллáҡͷ

ӣФپҲǿ
̲ջ̲ס˵ôˣҪѩһ˻ǿȥɡ

˵⣬Фپʲô٩ϴѩһ˵ˣôأ

˵һЩ࿴˼ۣûעФپ˵ʲô
ϲФپϲ˺ܶꡣ

Фپкӣ߲ȱŮѡ
˵߿͸ףɵ׻û

ŮͷһȦϲǸʽֻʣһź̯ûˡ
̯ң˵ûˡ

Ůͦʧġ

룬Լݸɡ
ŮϲĶǶǺò׿ԵģҲϲǸ˳ȥ

¿Фپ˵Ͼϴδѩҡ

֮Ҳûб͸Ůһʲô
С¡

Фپô˵£Ӧ˻˵ĻʵϴΣҾ㣿
УǴһûɽأѾҵˡ

ФپҡͷЦҡ
ȥһࡣ

ϡм䣬ǸкӱģһֱΪǸФپ˵
ǻ˭

һ𾪣Фپ£ʵ֪ҺһɽģӦҵ㣬Ϊʦɽ½ӵġ

ʱ֪£ڳֻФپ⣬һŮǸŮȥʦɽȥˡ

ФپҴ·µӰûյϢ˵ѾҽԺ϶ܾûԶһ͹ȥ

֮ûʲô£ͳԺϿˣҲû·

û뵽»

ФپŮԱ֣һֱʹɫ
ФپӦʲô˵ˣǻԼѣˡ

ФپǣСŮѵ뿪û߼СŮѱԹʲôȲȵģ˼ƯС㻹жιȥǰɣ
ФپֱЦŮϿһ£ͷ˵ʲôȥֻйȥ

ԭأʢŷȥȴֻʣ¸ոФپ˵Ļ
߲ϲϻص֡

ǡ⣿

Ҫһ·֪ܶ
ˣ

ˤȥʲôطȻǲ̫ˣϡ֪ǸϹȥʹ䣬ιȥġ
Ǹܶ¡

ƽ˵ҪٴһȥѾѣο⡣
¸û취ȥ룬ӵĻôһһġ

Ȼִɽ

ѹѵȥ֮Ǽ죬ɫĲʱһֱΪ̫ϰߣ룬ԭ

˼ϻЩֱԱϰʾǮ
ϰ庰䣬²ŷӦ

˼ЦЦֻɨ룬е

ʾɹ⺰һ¡

Ӧͷ
Ѿ·

ô죬ȴƫθߴվͦıֱɫƽȴӿ

̧ߡ
㶣ͻȻȳ˹ȥС˼ֱ˵ϡ

ⷴӦȻһײûվȣϴ˸
ʶıס£һȦϣ˱徢һ̧ͷͷֲ°ϡ

ô˸  
Ͳֱˡ

۾ģͷײҲûӦֻǿ⣬ͷЦ

ʮĿڣ˷ȴĺ˵⣬ϲˡ

й⣬ǰһһͿȴ룬ģϲϲ⡣
һ֣޷Уڤڤ֮еǣ

ͻȻ֮˵Щⲻ׷ʲôסһ˲޵Ĵ˵졣

⣬ɽѵһΣǲң黺һ㣬ֱӿżɽ

Ʈ£ûз񶨡

ּʣΪʲôû㣿Ҳң

ΪʲôȴܿʧΪʲôֲֻ֮£ˣҲһԲ͡
ҪǽżȻФپһ䣬ǿԶҲ֪ࡣ

ⲻصҪʲôֻá
ûʲô͵ͻһ䡣

ƽͺãǲһ㶼Ҫ

ôûʲôˣǾ֮
˵ҶһֱΪФپ

ͻȻᵽФپ֣üͷ£ͷ£ո˵ĻﲻЩɻ

ոФپˣ

ǰµͷע⵽ɫߡ

ǰ˵㣬˵Ҹոպõģз̲裬ʵҲ겻ͦġ
δ䣬Ȼק

²׽΢ŭȴϲͣ£ֻϽͣȻԼһɡ

׼䣬ޱķ

ð׼Ͳ׼

һ룬ż⣬ɿǴһ¡
϶е¶ȣƵģϵĵһһĵȼˡ

Ҫ˱Ʒˡ

ҲԼҺһ㶼졣
ֻΪֻϲ⡣

ϲһرǵ֪ҲӦҲôϲµûôù

ϺΪˡ
ڨڨסԼЦˡ
Ը񣬱ͱȱҲţǼ⣬ǰҺЦġ

±ͣգգ۾ôʾԼ˵ˡ

ˣˡСĵǸϴ
طͨڣխ紵ңЦݽڴǣӲ䣬ֶ΢΢²ӡ

ܷ磬ǰǰѹһƬӰܱտռʶס˺

սĴϸ΢Ĳ̫̫õһ˲Ҳ಻ס

ȥ߾ʱ££²
䣬Ĵһ

ͣ˺ü롣
쳣ȴİĴС

´Ӳһ·죬͸ˣֺܹ




31.  ѩ   һؼҰɡ

վû, ֱӺⴥϸƤ

£۾գ
ϵζź, ڱǼÿһ䡣

ֱҵĽŲż˵, ̧ͷ, Ϣ뿪һЩ
УĿ, һ۵ףͣ, ֻŵƿ

ղŵܺ
ƫƫʵĲ񻰡

, һҪȥˡµͷûп۾, ˵һؼҹɡ
ٹһ¾ǳϦһؼң, ݡ

¾, Ӧġ
ΪϦҹ, ÿ˶ҪؼҲŶԵġ

ȴҡҡͷ
Ǻԥľܾ˵, ܻȥ

ʲô£ش, Ȼ̧ͷ, ʮֲ⡣
Ѿû, ѵϦҹҪһ˹Ĵİĳ

ʲô׬Ǯ

⻰ͣߣǾԲܸ¡
¼Ƭ̾ͿĳĬ

ãԼȥ͵͵ĳû׷ʡ
ʧУ룬Ҫһ˹Ϧ, ǸǶô¶ΪʲôԸһ˹¹µģҲһأ

ǲļңǡһ

¸ԼӦú˼룬ܶ飬û뵽һ档

⣬ʵ㶼֪ǳ·
÷ֱʱ̲ס˵仰

׬ǮЩżġë˲飬紵䣬϶⡣
ʧֻۻ۽ա

Ȼһ߿ôõĳɼȥõѧУߵĽպԻͣǰ;

ΪѧѺͽѧ˶ΣڸôݼְҪڶʱǮһ

˵̽⣬벻롭ѧ
õһ·¾ҪΪĳ·֪ڵרҵԳ죬ٺòˡ

һӣҪΪԼıõһ·
Զϣá

⻰Ŀһ١
֪ʲôֻǡǶ˵̫Զ̫ʵֵ¡

ʱǡͷش˵

ã֪ˡ
һʣԺ󲻻ˡ

ҵûȥˣȻҪˡ¿ʱ䣬᲻ãҲûİ취
ٲȥ͵ͷ

Ҳȥɡ¿֣̲ס˵עˣԼҪġ
Ҫһ¡

Ϊ£¶һϰˡ

ⴽ΢˶סɫ
ǰ·ڵѾ˺üϢϽ͡

ΪŷſŽҲֻʣСʱҪǰСʱ֮ڸϲȥĻǾһҶҪˡ

»һ䡰ϹȻ˵ټ
ͻȻһʢ£

һյĺ˲٣һ˲仹ڻǲԼˣɽŲҲʶס˳عͷ
üͷ΢壬ЩɻĿ⡣

ⴽ궯˶ʱǼᡣ

Զľ룬ȴԶô޷Խ
һ·ƽ˵ĸ֡

˵ģһ·ƽ
ֻǡ

ļⷺᣬһɵ⣬㶵ĵͷô⣬ֱת뿪ջĿ⡣

ĵطգ۾ۿ˲ˣ˲£ֱϡ
˿Ŀڶʹ۵ֶڶ

Ŭס䣬ͷȴҿһۣ
˲ᣬӿ˽Ų

һͷǰߣֱٿӰȴµġ
Χ¸ոǸ˵˭

ĺ˵Ǹȥµӣȿ¿֪˧϶ٱ
˧

۾գûգһ£ͷֿһۡ
ãã˺Ѿˡ

߻ĸ֡
һ·ƽ

ٶ˵ĻףĻ
ܾﲻûʧ룬ĸֱƺûĻ

ֵ֣ʢʱ
ѩˡ

.

һڣ½һſԡ

Ҷʰ˶һҪڽԺһʱؼҡ
ֻ²ô

ļںϣԶƱҲǵһˡ
ֻʣˣ׼뿪ɵ¡

㻹ؼ𣿴Ҷ޲һϷɱؼôһҲż

µͷֻϵ¼ܲȰһȰ⡣
ҡҡͷ˵ҡٵȵȡ

ʲôļشҲ׷ˣǰǸ޹̸ܰķҷˣ뿪֮ǰǵá

еԴʲô֮ǰһҪãȫߡ
ĿĵĶԼ·Ҫעⰲȫǵʱϵ

ͷ˵֪ˡ
ҲҪעⰲȫ

İڰ֣ͷʾӦȻ뿪ˡ

תͷ⡣
Űѩ

ʱ䣬ⲥ˸Ƶ绰ȥ
ͨ󣬻濨˼£ֺܿʧ

˼룬ⷢϢ
źŲã˵

ɻ£Ϣȥã֪ˡ

һֱȵյⷢϢ˵ˡ
ѾôˣͲ˰ɡ

һ϶ۡ

Ҷ죬֮ʶһ¡
һֱڿر

ȻϢлأҲ֪µ˼һڿرҪһؼ¡

ھϦʮʱؼˡ

λƫڣ¼ȣӶ̹ǡ
˰꣬Ȼһ»Ӧˣ̤վһ˲䣬ͷƤ˶½ס

ֳԶŹܻ˷һ
־վڴ

һ£ִ߹нӹ
Ժĺپͷŵôҿ˿Ǳǰһڻˡ

ЦĶȥˣ

ѧģǰϲȥ棬дһżҡ

ĲɣҡͷЦЦҲû˵

ĩôһѧϰϵˣĵҲµĳɼ
꼶ýѧ𣿡

ĻС˳ĻشӦöȽѧ𡣡

ҪͰֻͷЦЦ´һȣҳԷء

ˣأ

ͬһУ֮ǰΪΪ˵һ
ϾһֱܺãЩġ

£С

Ȼã˵⻰ǵ˹ȵףֺԾͲõ

⼸ҼҳԷɡǿ˵д͡

ȥʮٽϦʱ¶ڷҲ䷹ԣΨһһ겻ͬȥһꡣ
ȥʱ˵ﻹ˰ԲȥԷ

ûгԴ͵顣
ˡ˵

˵ţѾ˳Աߡ
³򿪺䣬µŽȥ

ֿûн̸顣
̸֮ҲȻֹ




32.     ˡ

һգ۵Сꡣ

ѩ, ⣬һԺڴ, ۾
ʱֻˡ

½, Ǳ˵˳, һҪǩա

Сû, һͻߴſڵķᳲ
Ǳ߿С˵ǹƷһҪ˴֤ǩղſԡ

ʲôƷ
, ѵǰʲôĻؼ

ô, ˼, ʰ£͸Ͻ¥ˡ
СſڣСڵ

¹, ʵʢŮʿ𣿡
µ˵ͷ

СԿ׿, Ӻ泵һݺӳ
ȷµ֤, ϴ, Űѿݸ

º, С, ˵, ûʲôС

ϸ˿ŵĿݵ
ַе֣ǴZʡǱ߼Ĺģ֡

⣡

ĿһӶ棬ܽ䣬˲ݵС
ҪѺӻ뵽ǹƷ, ͣסѵ

һ˺

ݺ滹һµСӡ
κС

ָ˿޵ĺӣʮϸĴУµͷĿⶨںϣƬ̺Ĵ򿪡
ѤöĿɫСɵмһʯǴ󺣵ɫ

Ư˾ޡ
ĺúÿ

뵽ʲôɫסȥӣֳ⣬ûˡ

һӦ뵽ģļ۸  
Ѻϵӣһ·ȥڹҵһģһ

м㣬
۸һͷ

ٴȷûд

ʿˮɫţһӾˡ
֪ܶǮɶڵ˵Ѿһʾ޿ˡ

ôǮΪʲôҪʱ
һʱֹͣתô벻Ȼ˼Ӻֻ绰

绰ػ

»ˣֶֻסһ£²˺ȥ
ǹػ

ǧĵطʧȥΨһϵʽǺܶʱΪ֪Լʲôá

Ҫż¸Լʱǧż

°༶˭Zʡ΢źĿ¼ȻһϢȥʡ
ʱˣرǺٽ꣬һ϶ؼˣû˭ѧУš

ϣã

²֪ΪʲôĪ£˹ȵס
ͻȻ䣬Ϣ˵ϵФپѧУ԰ȥһ⡣

ĿڷɳϣֻĻͷȻ༭Ϣȥ
ãҵϢ

.

ٽϦҽԺȴһ

лʿСڹСÿſڶһ򿪿һźͮͮҲϲ졣

ʿ˽ӣ˵Ǹ˶һݣϾ˭ҲԸĻҽԺš

12ǸкӣԼһġ
ǰģҲû⣬ǿ

СʿһСۡ

һ·ӹȥǶ߸˵ӣ˵ллҲ˵һЩףĻֻ12λˣվڴߣһԲ

ƹ谵δ𣬴͸붡ĹĲϣһƬӰ
ô죬ͷȴϸϸܵĺˮ

üͷ΢壬Ǽʹ

ݿֵĻʿ˵12ˣѾüûôԹˡ

죬ǱѾ̨ˣҽ̸˼λ˵һҪչˣʵûм˵Ļ뻤Ҳԡ

ţȴܰȻ˵ûϵ
һ˾Ϳԣ鷳ˡ

ڴסҲǸкӣʮһ꣬ǰ̰棬ˤָˤˡ
һΧߣϷ£ˮһڿ͵ȥġ

ΪʱԺһ˾;ҽԺϦˡ
˭ǼıأϦԲʱôһ˴š

磬ҪҪһϷкǰIpadϷȻһִֻʯ࣬һ㲻ӰȻ졣

ûش

к˿ֿ֣˿Լ֣ʵҽ˵ҵҪ²ܺãѧȥ϶ҪЦˣǲҲҪôòܺã

ǲ
Ск˾ͣ˿ƬͽԼ

ְ˵ˣҳԺ͸νգҪöóԵģҵҲˡ
סԺôãϣסһЩʱ

ӳϣشϣ϶˱ſ

Ǽ⴫ζǸڴֿʼ Դˡ
۲ҪӪڼ˾ÿٻŻóԵģĲһǻÿٸִ⣬û

߻ʣӡ

ٽϦˣĵ½½ţ򲻵ʲô鷳԰Ҳѡˡ

ӿտҲɷζθĪۣɼʹҲûθڳԶ
⼸ҩθںܲãˣϿʼʳ

֮ǰָ˵ʱͽҽԺһΣо飬Ҫǲš
̿ˮгٳûзҳ飬·ڴóһССƽ

ƯµСжġ⡱֡

ָ棬ܵĵͷãֱĶЩ΢΢ˡ

¡
룬ʲô

ؼԲʱ˵ϲķΧ
Ϧҹһ˴һ𣬷̻һʱȴĵ

»·ܶóԵģȻһ˵ĸʳ
˵ҪѧˣԺԼԽԽˣҪðһγϦ硣

˵ÿһ仰ǵ

쳹׺ʱҽ̸
ҲûʲôҪûмڣһεҪٸһº

Ǹҽ߸ߴģʮ꣬պΣҶβ

֮ǰ˵ˣǻݵһҪҪеڶ
κзգĽǽ֫ϣײҽܡ

ƽĵͷ

֮󣬻תǿƵ֢໤ңȲƽ֮תͨ
໤лʿжʮСʱĿûмҲûʲôϵҪ󲻺ãͨûչˣһ˻ѡ

β֪ȷʵûмˣҲã뻤ҲһĿ֧
ѾⷽΪ˿ǡ

Ȼ˳á

ҽ뿪󣬲˼ӣԱ߿ʼҪʲôߣҳ˵ȥ

ͷŸڵ
ĿԼϡ

ǹעһľ
û˭ϣɹ




33.  ݸ   ⲻҪ°

¹һϦ

ϦŻ, ƺ˲죬ȻǰѾΣ»ǿ˳
Ǹֶµĺ, ʲôû˵ֻӦǵΡ

, Լ档

³ŵʱһԤ, ˵ܻѩصضഩ˵, һɡ

˸ռ棬˼ͬѧ
ǡ

û, ˴ѧøƯ, ͷ˾, С߸ĳƤѥľϸ

һͬѧ֮ǰһģͬѧ, ˵һѧУתת

մӸвѧ, ԸУ԰ŻͲ, ýʱ, ѧУ, Ҿ˵ȥ

ѧУʼµĽѧ¥, ѾΧһƬΧǽ, ʼػ˵Ժ꼶ᵽ½ѧ¥ȥ
滷ãְʺϸѧϿѧϰ

ѧУô󣬹һȦʮӣҲûʲôÿġ
²̫Ȥ

һЩҪ

ФپϢ, ˵û£ֻǷѧϰʱϵϡ
ָͷѾˡ

Ȼ֪Фپ˵Ļ©иǧֻʱѡš

룬ƽġ
ôôһˣ϶ԼʲôΣյľС

Ҳˣվ¿˼ӿ̾ǧ
ǰ·ʱҪ͵͵￴ֻǿһۣһ鶼رá

̾˿ͷ˵ôҫ۵ˣͺҲͬһ
ФپкӣߵŮͬ㣬ϲô࣬Ӳȱġ

ͬһжѧôעȻ֪ѾŮˡ
⻹ȥѧ󽻵ĵڶŮѡ

ȦŮѵƬƯ

¶ӣû¶ļ
˵ˣʱ˵Щѵƻ˵о

ܻ᲻ɹ

ںͬѧ˵̸ĶǸʱ£ЦŵͷȴȻĲɣʱʱ߿

£óôƯѧУ϶кܶ׷ǰɡ
һŮͬѧͻȻתͷ£Χֱ۾˵С¹һ鶯۾

ŮӶ࿴۶Ķ

ɫ졣
Ƕ˶лҪ˵ɻͣߡ

Ůͬѧһ㣬ˣһֱҪ£Ӳûѣǲкܶ׷

ɫãҲû
ûס  ȵʢ¡

һµȻˡ

ͬʱͷ
⻰е⣬Եķ̣º𶼾֣һʱ

ʱҲʶԼո˵˲ԵĻ
ƿĿ⣬ͣ˼롣

ҪѩˣûɡȻȥˡ˵꣬˭Ҳûתֱߡ

ǣʲô˼ü
ͬѧ˹һ䣬˵˵ô䳰ȷģ˼

.

ûӣѩˡ

ѩˮžžવ䣬ӰóɡҲҪ뿪

ճУţſڱꡣ

ڸ˴绰Ӧӡ
뵽Լﻹһɡóݸ

ÿѵݹɡԥˡ
Ŀϣϸ¼ۡ

СǱ˿ÿҲ𣬿ǰȴһԼ·ĴܸС
ʢ£ȷʵƯ

һòϵƯ

ԽԽӣȥͽ
˼һ

ʢºϵãкܶ໰˵ڶ˸ͶЩΡ

ʮӣ³ˡ

ָָֻ»ؼ֮ϵ
ǵñƽ

ʢºܺöԼĵ⡣
ڸеʱ򲢲죬˵涼ûмֻ֪˶ѡ

ող˼Ƭ̵İתͷΪԼո˵ĻǸ
ȻûʲôֵĻá

䴽Ц£ҡͷ

֪Լǿ̱ˣɴӼʢＵʺ޵ûɢȥ
Լúİ

ãȻɡ

ҡҡͷ˵á
Ҳû˵ʲô

ֹ˼ӣµˡ
ת³ʱĽսãͻȻӰ˸

һͰ͵ֽ

µͷĿֽ
ȴӲ

Ȼ֪ܲȷʵˣϲңȴôôϲ㡣

ҵ꣬Ҳͻ
һ˵ĶϷɻϲԼһôҵϲܻһõľš

ţﳤȥ

¿ݸֽһķֽζøո˵Ļһվ·ߣѩ꣬ȴҪɡ

ӦԱ߱˱ܣֽ򿪡

һŲݸֽ
д˸ֺ㷨Ȼǲݸ壬Űּ࣬ɾһ۾Ϳּ

էһۿȥƺûʲôرġ

£ЩƲݸֺ㷨棬¿Լ֡
ֹһһһţȫ֡

һһд֡

ٴλ˵Ļ
˺ܾǰһΣſڣ⡣

ʱ⿪Цǲϲ

ʱûֻ̫࣬ϣܶһĵϲô϶ıҪġ

ܿģ;úܺá

¿һԼ֣һƬհȴһ㱻

ܡ

.

ãת֢໤ң󲻼ѣ죬˶ǳԵ״̬

ˣҽ˵ʵԵ㶫֮ʳ
֢໤ܳԶĲ˶мͷܳԶˣȴû˸ͷ

˿ڵʹɫ԰ףûнʳθʹ̣ڴʱ弸ġ

໤имѼѵĻʿʵĲ̣ÿγԷʱ򶼻һࡣ
˵ʳˢ˳ģҲ

оڲ䣬ֻǶӺܶѣʵûµĻһҲûʲô
˵⣬òˡ

࣬ȷʵθһЩ
ɹѵζİζɬ

ת֢໤ңҽҪƬҩ˯˸þ

ô˯һΡ
һΡ

ص˸Ľңλϣһ̧ͷÿ»عͷЦ
Цʱ򣬲ǳСĵİֳк

ЦôÿÿĶˡ

ƲۣĿ۵ֻΪϲϲۡ
ֲ֪ʼд֣ӦʱѾֽ϶¡

ȫ£ʲôʱѾ硣

漴һתʯк£һ˲֮串ʧĿĵĻǵʹʼ

˵ۣܹǵۣ۵ͷƤʶ

ЩⱲӶԸ𣬿עһӣԶ벻Ҳ޷ǡ
ȭԽԽŬ뽫ЩԺϳȥȴһĻĻԽԽ̡

ʱƺס֡

ȣǡµ

ⲻҪ°
㡣




34.     ô࣬㰡

ʱ, Լڳܡ

ûҪﲻ˵ҲԷϱƳ, һΪء
ϤģСкֿ

, ӰϷˡ
淳ˡ

Ŷ, зŴİĲм, ǵء

˵ûҪĺӶСؤ

δ, ķ
Ҳ˵, û˽̵ĺӶС쵰

˭˵ǼûҪˡ
Ǽ, ϲˣ㣬С쵰, ӡ

, , ҲܶԷǲС, ̱, ˵һ㲻ˡ

˵һ, ŲҰֱӳȥ

, ģӰص
վڴߣŸڴĽġС

к˶ڣһıµŵˣֻȻǸƯ㣬ɷĿ¡
һƬﶼûȥ, ڨڨĴҳһеĻͣ˺

ֱӰѴϡ
һͶˡ

ü˼֡
ˣ¡

ոεˡ
֪ܳʶԼΣѲΣһһ

ûмô׵ʱ򣬿ôףȴ䶼ά

û»ͷˣϲ۾һˡ
ˣ

źۿյͷڶʲô
Ǽϵζг̵ĳٻֻס֣ĺ⡣

ӣҪˡ

ôˣǲﲻⲻ˵ŵĺ£ȴڼš
˵㲻Ҫҡ

۽ǣһɬҲ֪ΪʲôǺѹ
ӣѹĶˡ

ֻǾã£ѵôʵʱ
ֳ壬΢˵㣬ǸһĨЦ⣬£Ｘȫ

ǹָ⡣
ȵģָ΢ͷǡ

¿ŽĲļ˿˿⣬򴽽ǣǰ˴գ
ѹֿ۵˵ס

òã

ô۵ģ֪ʲô취
ܿһ㡣

йʵĿ⽥ס
£˻ƣû˵ԭ

Ҫǰý˵

ڡϵͷӦ¡
ָս

ʵʵĴУָ˶ָס
ʱſ⣬ӯۿ

Ӧⲻ

ʱſڴͷʿСк˵˼仰Ȼߡ
ѼѿˣֿԱߵ££漴Цһ

˾ͺá˵ҽ˵ˣܳԵʳˣҪӪҪϣȻٶƶǰ׷ѡ

չҾͷˣúϢ

ѼѸ°࣬ܵ⣬໤֮ԲϷ׼Ҫʲôȥ
˭֪Ϳ

ȻչˣӦҲòˡ
Ѽûת뿪ˡ

ȴ˵Ļ
תȥ˸г

ҴӼϹϱϸġţ̺Ͷĸھȥȡ

ס֡
¶ָͣס

ô
ǵ֢ס죬ϸתмûкκϵ

ӦǻڼŶԡ
֪ôҵġ

е㲻ʵһͿĸо
ƫƫеľ⣬Ǿ۾ҲоĴڡ

ĿĿڷᣬƵĿڡ
㣬ˡ

ĽһĻƱֱӷɵ  
ʵ֪ֻ뾡취ϵѣ֪Ϊ

Ȼǿ϶ҽԺ

±뷨ȫõҽԺ
ȥ˼ܵĿңȥûһĲˡ

ãʵҵʱľͽҵˡ
˵ǰԺմ֢ת

ȥʿվʵʱһ˵֣ʿûȥ飬ѿڶ˵мѽ

ס

һţڲϣɫ԰ףһȦ˯úܲȣȴһֱںµ֡
µʱûסһֱۿתˮբƵ

û취ʱһ˴һ
ܾǰΪսһμʱϹ죬ܾί

Ϧһˡ
ص룬»ίġ

⣬㷢ʲôʲô£Ժ˵ģֻҪҪ¾ڡ
ܶ໰е֪Щİ֮ķ޷ƽĲӿ

౧

֪кܶĹǣңҴ鷳ǡ
°Ͱ͵ĿϸСſǻ˵׸ҳҲˣǺ˲ˣҲǡϲˡ

¿ɽһ·ߵڣ㲻˵˽ɺܶʱҲ֪뷨

Ѵ˵Ҳ¶Щѣѧ˳Ị̆Ա
Ѿôˡ

֣Լָأգգۺ䴽Ц
ģĺ˵

⣬Ȼô࣬㰡

ܺúܺãá
ҪԼеİ

⿴۾ĶЦôůЦҲôÿôģһ֡

ֻۿɬȴľûٲ
գۣᾹȻžһ͵˱ϡ

ͷ΢˵ֻͷɬֿۡ

ûϲĹһܶôá
ôϲ

һе

͵͵ĵ׺ܶ꣬మ಻ҿصԼȴˡ
䣬ôᶨĵĸϡ

ѧһ˳еĿࡪ
ȴ˵Ҫ

˾ҪԶѹҺ㿪ģ⣬㲻Ҫµһοᣬʱסˡ
Ǵʯûп޹ˣ֪жǿģû뵽һҲῴᡣ

Ŀۣۺۡ
˺ܾãڿڣ֡

¡

һ֪˵ʲôֻߡ
˵Ҳֻ֡

šµͷӦڡ
͵͵ֺһ¡

Ӧš

ǳԷòãԷŻӲŻܿȻԺô°
¶żˣһģٳһ㶫Ҫٶˡ

ĹôֿĺСС壬ȴһ硣
һ̣еᵽ˱

Ķ컯ˡ

ͷá

תҪȥ÷УȴʲôȥԼڴֽ˰죬ҵһͰ͵ֽ
У̫ˡ

ֵͷԼϿ˿
ȥֻϵΧǿɾһ㡣

ϴ˺ɵġ

Χȡݵǰʾᡣ
̫ˣöණû°յĽ͡

ҵȥ򡣡




35.     һ

ϸС˽ӻؼסˡ

һͨ, һ϶û˵Ȼ͸Ҫؼҡ
ò徻

ٳ˵㶫, ²ɿ

ȥ¥³ЩƷ˵ˮ  
ŷⲻڷ䡣

°Ѷ, Ҫȥ, ﴫˮ
תߡ

ŵƣԡˮ, ͸ϲԼԼܿӰ
, 𣿡̽Եһ䡣

šͷӦһ

ڶûϴ, Ѿˡ

ڴϼ, ֽոճŴӴҧ´
Щ, ſš

СĲҪ˿ڡ̲ס
, һַֻ, ŲŷԼˡ

ô, һֱֻһֻ, ûʲôġ

˻, ʲô, ܹȥ·
סԺûʲô·䣬һ

һ׳

·ʲôͻȻ
ͷȥֻһƾɵСӡ

аô󣬿ѾЩ, ·ŷȻţһǺĶ
¿һۺְѺӷźãٰӹϡ

е棬Ҳ϶ᶯĶ

ʱԡˮͣ
Ÿմ򿪣±·ſڡ

ֻ˼T
ͷϴûвɣˮ촽ǲɫĲ԰ףͫʸ⾧Ө͸ԡ 

ǰ˵ż⣬˵·
ȻͰҪס

ж̫㣬£ʶĶ¶㡣
Ŭİ·ϣǰһ㣬׺ףСĵİ

ȻůǲҪ̫ˡ
еĻҲ½ġ

˵̧꣬ʱöߡ
ߡ

ù԰¿۾߲ԾѿڶﻹЦ⡣
Ҫ·Լ£ԹСӡ

⻰ɫ΢

ָĲ̫ã˯ôãԴǻġ
ϴ֮һ㣬ǰ˶ЩӰ

ֻµ飬ܰġ
һıСصĸоÿһÿһ붼һΣɢ

¸˲ǵˮ飬ָͣƿЦ˵ˮȥϴԡ

вݮۣѣĸ


꣬˵Ҷϴһɣ㶼
˵ţܻȥ֮ǰڴͷϵˮ

.

ڴ߿Ĳ

ЩרҵǺܿöһһпĺ档
ͬⵥܷķգʲôۣ֮֫ϸһ

ֵ

ڵоͳ׻ٵˣʱҽ˵ˣܱһѾõĽһֻ֣̫ˡ

ֻǺή𣬺ܿܲλµľǻۼ񾭡

Ϊ˱סֻֻڡ
ҲΪ˱

¿ţۿѾĺˡ
ƫͷ͵͵Ĳᣬ⿴

Ŭӣס⡣
ĬĬİѲŵһߡ

յʱ͵͵ֻ֣ǶɴˣҲʲô
ʱٿ֡

޳ȳƵָǽڷָĲ԰΢䣬Ѿȵùѵúÿķ羰
ôÿ֣ȴֻһֻӦñ˭źѹɡ

µߣⲻɫİַŵһߡ

ڨڨգۡ
ʱ䣬Ѿʮˡ

ֻܰмż𰴴ͷϸѾûˣǲӰ
ȥϴߡ

ҽԺȼƽҪһ̡
ףϴּ˸ţȫ̲ʮӣϳˡ

糾һ·ʵڲڼʰһ£оˬˡ
ʱڿ顣

¸ովͷִͷϷŵרҵˡ
ģ룬ˡ

׼´ùȥԼ
ҪǾģҸ㽲°ɡ

ַԣŬҲʱ

ǻһҪĿڽУʱȣҪڿѧǰɳ١
µģûֻʣʲô£

ĵӾ硣

˵ţڴ£˿ѣɫ˵
һλǱĴӢۣһ÷һ𳤴󣬽ϲȴҺ˵

ҷսңǰŮҪһ뿪ȴ˵ˣҪٵˡ
Ϊ֪ȥһ֣ǻɳǵ³ܵ

֮󣬽ʤǰΪ£ӳǽһԾ£ȫʬ

пӾ顣
Ǻ˵ġ

֪Ҳû˵һ䡮ϲ

˵꣬ĿָͣͣЦ
ôǲǱЩÿˣ

İҲԿ磬ʲôģá
ƶĵͷġ

ƽ˸еЩַʽ׷粻գˢ΢
ܼ򵥣ƫƫּ򵥵˾ңԶ

˵ţʼӣһһ룬һݸ⡣

ӡ
ʱȴû֣˶ͣס

ͻȻָϺһ¡
Ĵָǣ΢飬ůת˲š
΢΢Ķһ£ûзӦͻһ¡

̧ͷⶢ۾һ
Цſ˵֣Ҽÿġ

ǰôᶨĸ
ֺÿرÿ

˵ţЦеİԼҲ쵽ǰ˵ҪóԿĻ׻
òã

һЦ۾Ŵĺ˵طҲԡ
ǺŬ⿪ġ

˵һֱЦŵģǰҲɡ

ôãûк
뵽ͷ΢ᡣ

ƿӣ˫Ҫɡ
⣬㱧˯ů͵ġ

˵һ

˵Ϲ
Լ䣬΢һɪɪҪǷûůñӰԼ㡣

ͼʹˣ˫ŶǱġ

Ҳǡ
ոصˮ˽ţŲʮӣֺͷѾˣӣС϶ȫһ⡣

ɰѽŶ
ֺСߵȣһĨů⣬Ⱥģ˶Ը뿪һ㡣

ɱˡ
ô룬е顣

Ȼһ룬һֻ䣬Ȼս
һ쳣ůĻУհľѴڵů⣬½ס˲䣬촽ǰ

ϵ˲յĸһּ޷Ƶ
Щŵɽס




36.     һӶϲ⡣

ϲŵĸо

ǺͺγɶԱȵů, ǰĺ㡣
ʵʵھԼߵָо

СҲᵽİ
ǰûвһһĵദУʶ, İ, ȴ, ϲȲϵġ

˽Ҳƽȡ
ֱ۰޹ǵ֫

ϸ, һܶˡ
޷ϡ

һƯѰĺӡ
Ϊ˯ˡ

ʶԼϱЩ̫˯Ų, Լһ, ᾪŵ
һʱΪѡ

ʱ, ͻȻ˶һ룬Դʹӱ̽˳
ڱ, ڵ, °͵, ЦӯӯĿ

ⳤÿ

Цźÿ
ϸϸĴ, ۾ǰĽ, ʲô, ٿһ붼Կ

̫, ⲻ̫˼Ŀ⣬΢졣

Ȼкܶ˶˵ⳤúÿҲܶĻһֱʲô˲õ¡
Ǳȱ˳Խһ, Уֵһᣬ޷ֲϵȱݡ

ȴһһĿ
ôֿĿͻ

ϲ⣬һӶϲ⡣

£
һƬʪ»ӦֻñǼҲʪʪġ

֮ǰ¶ڿЦһ㣬Ȼ
Դһʱת

ûôܵĽӴһ飬˶˵һֱҪ
ԼҪˡ

ϰ˰ͣ¡

̧۵ʱ¿۽ǺˣһƬ죬һҪһ
Ȼֳͷס

һֻû취ó
浽գģûȺ

һֱû˵¿ŵʿˮ
ôˣ

Ըʲô˵ġ
¾ͻ䣬Ǻõġ

ͷ죬͵ͳеۡ

ۣ¼ˣ˫ְԼ˳ţѹ˿ˣ
˿ڻûϺãĵطر˿ڳá

ôʹǧҪá

Ҳڴ˯ˣȥҪ㻤ۣ޴룬Լ̫ˡ

ֻҪֱס
̫ˣǲǣɵͻȻôʡ

ůɽϣůǻһһöûˡ
˵ʵշ

ҲıֻǱһ㡣
ǵĿյ

ƫƫر䡣
֮ǰ˫˫űȻһ㣬ɻ

ôһ㱻ӣ治ˣҪϣ͸öɱˡ

µȻ䡣
룬ҡͷû£ҵ˯ʱٸǼ·ͺˡ

ôˣһҲ
彡ΪϣһУֻҪΣģ̡

סĽš
ֺ䣬ڴĵʱĶһ¡

ĽֺԼĵ¶ȥȺĺ⣬һ룬ûӦ˫Ѿ䵽
ֻһ£ǹ̵ȣԴԴϣˮҪѪѭ

ȫĵطֻҪˣȫὥů

õûУ˻

С
ʱӦôԼķůʵĴϣȹѧĵһ١

õļڣȴ޹ˡ

ҪЩࡣ
Բõġ

ȫΪ

¿Զ׼ĵǣɫɣ˵ͷԹԵӦöˡ

ڵ֡
Ҫ۵ĻҪҪȥҽ

˵һҪ˵ҪԼš
µĵĿ̲סȰ

ҡͷ
۽ǻȾź⣬ζĨȥǸκ

û£ֲۡ

¿Ŀɨ֣ת
գգۣ⡣

Ƭ̺ͷûп˻͵͵˵֣ѹںģĲ̫
ۡ

.

סԺô˯õһ

סҹҹ˯ţת໤ңԴջʹѣż໤ϵ֣ꡣ

ǰһ˰ҩ˯˯ˣһֱȥجΡ

ȴ˯ĺܺá
һҹΡ

ͷһѵô

۵ʱѾ˵㣬ڵģůֺˣ˶Ͻϸ

ûˡ
أ

˯ŵģֻǵԼӦһֱ

ʱﴫˮ

ƿӣӴ
ɰӦСкû

ȻҪڵĻʱѾڳҪߣһĺ
ܳܳһ쵽ܳ

վʱоԴ˲١
ӴͷؽᣬҪǽߵɽǰѾȻ

Ҳȵ١

߹ȥͿµıӰ
վˮرߣ˫ֽˮĴϴ

ϴ·
·

ϴĺ棬ȫû

ü΢壬߹ȥַŽ
ˮ

ҽԺˮӦʱ䣬һ㵽ʮ㣬ʱ򣬶ˮ
ںµıůַŽˮҲֱˡ

Ѿϴ˴ˡ
ûа

ڼϴ·ҲûиɹЩ
ʱŷˡ

ˣ··ë˲֣Ҫʲôȥ򡣡
ش̾˿˵Ҫڰоͺˣܻؼ

ϿϹ࣬࣬࡭ϲԵġ

׼ȥͣɵͷˮ·£뷨ת
ϴȥɣϾͺˡ

Ҫȥ·ȴһס

Ҫס֣סָ⡣
Ŀ콩סˡ

˭Ҫϴ·ˣ

ͷβɲڶ
ŬסԼϴϴȥ͡

Щ
ĲЩ

õġƶĵͷ˵˻ܺúܺãһ˵ѽ

»չ˺ģҪҡ

⻹ץ֣ûҪſ˼
룬˵ɣϴ·ҳȥֹͣЧʸһ㡣

¿·
·ҶϴˣֻҪˮٹͿˡ




37.  ǣ   ϲ

³ȥˡ

⻹ˮرϴ·
Ϊһֻš·, ֻһţʹȻһİˮšɡ

̫, ѩӣ·Ҫǲšһ, ɹط, پöʪյġ

·ȫɹѾǰСʱ֮

⿴ʱ䡣
⣬ˮڴ, Щǡ

³ȥԵģСʱѾ, ڹȥô, ôûл
ԥ˼, ͨµĵ绰

û˽ӡ

ʱлʿææܽھʡ
СŮǲǴ˸ɫ޵ף

ɫһ, ׷ʵôˣ

ʿ˵ո汣绰, ˵и¥ˤȥ, Ҳ, ˵

ʿû˵, Ѿܡ

¥, ̨ݶʾڶʮ¥
ת¥ߡ

ʱó, ¥˱Ƚ϶ࡣ
ǵ¥Ĳ˼ǣȵѡ¥¡

ͻȻܳ꣬ɫҴңܹһ˲ͲӰ
ͣһ¥ʱѸٵΧ

ߴ˵
˵ոǸС, ˤֱˣԴˤöѪ

û˹ܣˤӶû˷֡

Ĳ֪أϾˤԴС¡
ˡ


ͷ˸׵ףֽŸǱ䵽ûκ¶ȡ

ԭأԴʶڼѵĸԼӦȥ
ﲻ죬סʮԺɴûгȥ֪

ⷴӦܳ¥Ĵš

֪ðŮӣɡ棬ɡٸ⵲ꡣ
С磬ȥɡ

ȴȫû˵

ŮӶ࿴ۣһܴڨ˧С磬ӿ˽Ųǰɡ

ⱾûзӦ
ǰߵ·סˡ

̧ͷ·꣬·ת

ŮɡҪ˵Ŀ壬һ䣺ÿ
һ뻹ᣬھҪɱ˵Ůŵڨڨͣ½Ųµˡ

ȴʱ̧ͷȥӭ
ӣ˺üط򵽵㡣

ΪϲȵϹ࣬ɸҵ궼ûУŷˣԶһҲûϵ
ҵʱ򣬲Ϲࡣ

Ͻߡ

´ŰɫëףߣΧסӣβԺŮഺ磬ʱ£ʹӳЦ

ⲻСŵǰ

ô¥ˣ
¿һۣɵģôҲ

ϲ˿֣ھܳϲɴ¶棬ɫţ˿Ŀ⡣

Сˣ䵽ǱҲûκηӦ

ָ˲ϵˮָ˵㣬ĿƵ̧ͷĻģǿȥɣҪվˡ

ЩȻ
ü΢壬յȣʵڵʵС

¸ӺĿ

ȥͶѣôô֣أȴһԼʧõϲá
ǲü䣬ױġ

ӹĴӣĬĬǰ
˵ţͷһۡ

¶ĿԼš
ѩӣ·нȥ͵·̫żˣСˤһӡ

һƨ˵أտʼǾƨɺʹԽԽԡ
׻ġ

ӦǲСİѽҲŤˡ

Ϊ˲֣ⷢѾںܾʹװ·ˡ
ܷ֡

һ㣬ҡҡͷ˵õġ

˽ȴĺ
£

ұġĸ

ܶˣµȻ֪
ֻǡ

ֻۡҲʲô˵ʲô
Ժˣ˵ʲôҶ

ȴ˵Ļ
û

̫ˣ٣վʱز飬̵ֻĵˡ

Сһ㰡
Ҫǿ

С

.

ⱳȻˡ

֮ǰзϣɺôǿһһû취ˡ

½ŵĶҴһ
ȻֿʼԼԭ

촩Ķ࣬·üˣ϶ˣϵŶ⡣
쵽ſʱ¸Ͻ

һΡ

ˣ˺ܶ֡
¼ϴˣҪϽʣˣȻ촩СȹӶÿ

˵Ȼִʹ˹
ͺһһ˳ϡ

ȵģϽȳˡ°ϹĺӴ򿪣ζһ
㣬϶óԣ쳢

ͷˮ
ɫס

۾Ȼǿ޺ģǳ侲£ȴĬȻƲסᡣ
ϢȴĶʹˡ

е޴룬˼ոһ·뵽ǲԼ̫ˡ

ҡ⡭²֪˵ʲôźá
룬ʲôʱôˡ

˺ܶడΪԼضеЩΡ

Ůû°ʱոǸʿС·ºúõĵһ䡣
⻰ɻĿʿ

ո¥´绰˵и¥ˤȥˣΪء
ʿ˼½͵

ЦЦ˵û¾ͺá

ʿ뿪ֻո˵ĻһϵзľٶͻȻˡ

Ϊҳˣ¿۾ˮøжеۡ
û°Һúõģһ¶ûС

ЦЦҪѹһҪչأһСĺСĵģ϶ᷴչҡ

βû䣬ڣ˵չ㡣

ʱû壬ºŷӦ̧ۿ⣬۾Ҫգһˡ
˵Ļǡ˵Ļ

Ϊ֪Ը¾ʹûжġ

ȻʵºҪʵŮҲϲĻ

ǳǳһס۽Ǵתˮһᣬת˺üȦ󣬲ŵֶֻûУҲᱣ㡣

лû˵
ҲᱣˣжҪһ仰˵ġ

ƶǿһᡣ

Ҫ˵Ļ·
ŲֶֻûС

¶˶٣ֱ˵㡭ϲϲң

˵кܶܶ鶼֪
ǲ˵Ҳûϵ˵˵Ļܿĺܿġ

꣬۾ȴˡ
ˣЩһ·ôĿѣ磬ֻһϣΨһǣҺ˼

Ѿĵ׺ܾúܾá
õΪⱲӶ˵ڡ

¿һۣתҪȥֽȴʱͻȻס

һְֻ˹ȥͣϣǼɨʪȣһСС顣

쳣

еƣȴÿһֶ쳣
ϲ

ſǻȴĺܽܽ




38.     㰵Ұ

ŵʱ, ͣˡ

ĲϻۣͣЪƬ̣濪ʼӶİ, ӵ㡣

ڴϣ˫ůڱ, ͷ̵ĺࡣ
ȥ, ů˲٣ԭĽֺ, ҲȺ

ԭθ̫ܲ, һ඼ûк, ʣС, ͳԲˡ
֪˷Ѳãû취ˡ

ŵһߡ

ʲôȥԼİ
Ӱ﷭һСӡ

֮ǰһ

СİѺӴ򿪡
ʲô, ھʲôıں, һ㶼ûб

ŪҲ¶, һֱĺúõġ

ѺӴ򿪺, ˫չʾǰ, ʳԼܾõ⣺ΪʲôҪң

Ҫ, ҪסԺ, һʺܴĻˣʱ򣬻һô
֮ĸ

⿴̧ͷɻĿ⣬˶٣Сѯʣ㡭ϲ

ûжǮ, ƴǮľҪһܺúܺõ
˺ܾãϿ˺ܶӣһ

˵ŮһĶĿʽ

룬ȻܶŮӶϲӦҲϲɡ

һͷļ۸񣬶˵ʲôȴܶݼְġ

Щԥ  
ǰҡͷСĽͣҲǡ

̫˰
صûа취İõĽܡ

ϲʲô⿴ɫ³˳㡣
ֻǣһĵ

˶ѡ

˵ϲ⡣

Ҫƽ˳죬Զġ
ԸϲãǷҪǰһжá

Կﰵ˰

Һϲ°ڻ̾˵̫ˣҶûյô

Ȼ̫ˣҲ֪Ҫú£Ϊ⡣
գġ

°ѺַŻذҵʱַɿһ

һһҪ㡣
°Ųݸֽ̯ŵǰʲô

ݸϣһҳġ¡
һϳԼּ

̫ǵʲôʱдˣֻǿЩʽӦǸǶʱ䡣

⻹ڻ룬Ĭһʱûп˵
ǰ˴գ۾ǽЦ

㰵Ұ
ʲôʱʼģ

£Ϊʲô˵أ

ͬ꣬µļѵ룬Ա˸룬ʱһǣΪʲô

ɵʱû룬Ψһϣģһ㣬һ㡣

ֱøֽȥǰЩ£ЩԵϸڣʹûĿܣһһƴ

ԸԱУκ¶Լʣһ㡣
ϲԽϲصԽ

ʰ·ϣڸ߿ɽӺӲͣȴ

һۣҧţɻ̲סˡ
ĬĬΪ˺ܶ£̬жĮǰԼѹֵж

⼸꣬Ҳܼ尾ɡ

Ϊûһ֪
һ֪ĻһһӦôࡣ

ӿȴû֮ڿڡ
⿴ͷӦһǡ

ϲܾúܾˡ
Ǵʲôʱʼģ

ᴥָ⣬ȥϵգϣůĲˡ

ɬӦÿĵģȴԽԽѹ
ֽǰ˵ݣ˵ѵͲһң𣿡

⣺ ģ

øҵģߣصǿˡá֡
ʵĶΪʲôһֱŴϡ

ǵʲôҲ֪ģ

»һһ䡣
Ҽǵǰ;ǲǣǲǺϵͦõģжã

ûй¡һѿڶҲʶ
ֻϲ㣬ûϲκˣҲûй¡

ƶּеĻش

ȷʵǵ˭˵Ҳİ
û

𣿡һ˲Ц
ԹԵĵͷӦһŶ֪ˣ

ֻϲҰ

´ǺЦѲݸֽջصԼͷţ˵ûϵһҪллء
ҪãҶ֪

ԣлл

.

Ԫʮ壬Ԫǰ˳Ժˡ

ʱ䣬µϤչˣ״̬ۿɼĺ

Ǻһ㣬ɻǱ֮ǰˡ
ϾҽԺҲֻܳΧ͹ݵĶûʲôӪ
¾ţȳԺˣҪÿóԵģá

ֻʱЩΡ

ѧУһڲſѧزסǾʱ䣬ܲڵذһˡ
ĲҲôڡ

±ǣʵڲУסƵˡ
ɺϸһ룬סƵá

յʱȴ˵иطס
ֻǡ̫á

Щԥ
ȴ۾һʣ

סԺ֮ǰķӡ

һסԺܶԼźˣԺ֮Ӧȥ
ҪţҪȥ϶ΪԼһ·

ûôࡣ
˹չСӣ±߱Ա߿·еƣû̫ܼס

Сͦر캮ضʱ·ϼûʲôˡ

һŽȥ¥ݵ¥谵խ¥ֶģƵĴ¥һХ

µ֣Сǰߡ
ſʱóԿס

¸Žȥ

һ滹кüţһ䣬򿪣ųǰһССһһ

һϢ
滹Ҫ䣬䵽ȥˡ

Ȱŵһߡ

Сֱûȣ˵ԽŮӣûĵط

һۿԱߵСϲܹȥ
ʲôĶУɨҲܸɾСöŴһô

£̫ˣгͿԺʲôԼ
˵ȥ

ﻹиС̨Gɹͦãȳ̫ʱ򷽱ɹ·

ǸСĵطյůûУȴЦôģ˵Ķжãֿĵģ˾ĺϲ

ʢԶǸʢ£ĸǴ죬Ĵ⣬

ˣվǰ

£䲻䣿⿪һ䣬Ӧûпյůĵط
ºܳʵĵͷ䰡

ǰؼҵһ¾ë£ʵļҾӷȴͲټһΧĺá

ⱧһҰɡ¾ϲůͰ

ﺬ꣬˫Ȧסº󣬾ͰԴ
˻̧ͷ۾ֱ

ҸʿѧôҩϵʱҰ㻻ҩòã

ֻûȫ˿ڻǹɴ뻹Ҫ£ȥߡ
ڼҵʱ䣬Ϊ˷ֹȾҲҪ컻һҩ

͵͵ȥѧˡ

ش¾Ӧˡ
ô˵ˣ




39.  ѫ   Ϊ׼ķˡ

ʰ¶, ¾ȥ¥Щ

Сһ׾ǲг¸¥ʮӵĹѾһ

ⶼʳ׼ġ
ҽ˵, Ҫʳܺõĸ졣

ϴ, Ѿһ
СŨ, ѸٵĹ˵ʳ

ڸʢ

⣬ǳˣ°, ǣ֡
ָסָָ, ֮ûз, תͷȥԼ⼸ˡ

ѧ, һˣһҪȳ
УŹһҪ, һ׺

°ѷǰ, Ƽֺòˡ
óˣ, Ŵ

˵, ⲻ, ɻ
ôԣ

, ͷ, ֻԼš
²˼Ц£ϰַſˡ

ԡ

ߴ£˿ӡ

²רҵĴ֮ǰҲûôˣôһ, ǵһΡ
ζڴݼ䣬ʮֵɿڡ

ܾûгԵôóԵķˡ
ϴѧΪ׬ǮʳøӲʱٳһ٣ʵܲˣӦųԸ

θ˺ܴ˺
ֻСıͱòֵһᡣ

ȺģʢģΪ׼ķˡ


뷹Ҳο
Լ˷֮󷴶ôԣϲ˳ԡ

ϲԣѾһˡ

¿ȥõƺǩɴЩ

ɳϣѶһһǰȻ˵Ȼȥһᾡһ㣬Ȼ

ƹ£ɫƺЩס

ִ࣬·棬ôһߣصȥĻҲ˺ͱʲôͬ

ͣʮ룬Ա£

洩һɵĳ¶ֱۡ
ʱֱ϶ɴģ¶һƤ˿ϣԭһȦȦŵɴҲ˽һ鸲˿ϡ

еԱȱʧȫ¶ǰ

Զû취ٺֻǿסĴڡ
ôǽȫġ

ֱκĿ⡣
ǰˣˡ

һŻҩĲ裬

ҪŪˣһҪ˵ºܵԼַԣһֱ⡣
֪Ǻ̵ˣʱĺʹˣҲһ䶼˵ġ

ûů䵽Ͻʼһ㶼ҵ

ѾԼϴĸɸɾͷİ˿ڴ飬Ȼɴý̶á

㿴ǲŪûͦã̧ͷޡ
̧ͷĿ⣬סʶͷ֡

صĺܺãºͬһס꣬Ҳûһֵֻģ

һΣķŵǰ
ôڿҲûջȥ

ûϵ˵⣬ȻһЩõ£ʧȥһ㶫еģԶȱ˶Ķࡣ

ʥˣԱųʱڹġ
ϣٺһЩٶһЩ⡣

Ŀ⿴ᶨֳ
ѫ°

Ŭƾ֤

µָסһ׵ģָϡ
һǣȴս

лл¡л
ǧﵽߣٶҲֻʣһлл

Դ˵ģ˲Ŀ
糺ӡ

ʿˮҧ´ģŵͷӦһ
ţл

.

봺󣬽žͿѧˡ

ѧУѧҪ졣
ðˡ

˵»е᲻á
ȻǸС쬵ģɺһ𣬲䣬һĵ׶ϵů⡣

»صʱ˶Ѿʰöˡ

˵Լ˲ٵѹǮҪҳȥһٺóԵġ
ڸտѧмĿڣϽ°ѧڿγֶˣÿܵĿζŵ

ϲˣô˵һһӦ˵á

£һںѴ绰ͻȻ̽ͷһ䡣

ȥһȥңʱǸӦþµˡ
˳úÿʱٶȺ˾̾

ǻΪ˵ѣƭǵġ
û뵽ġ

ʶҡͷ
Ҿ۲ͶѣΪʲôҪѣ

˵ϿѧˣҪæ¸࣬»ᾡٴ

Zİɣʡ
û»ش˵߿ٷ֣Ӧͦİɡ

ܿZˣĻɼһ㶼

ºܽĵͷӦǵȻˡ
ǵ״Ԫȥ山ġ

״Ԫˣɾֲ̾ãһѧϰܺõӡ

Ϊʲôûȥ山˾;ú棬һҪɰʵס
߿Ҫһأ˭ǰԼķãرǹѧУͷȥ

ȻҲʵΪʲôûȥأ

ͣϵĶ̽ͷ£رĻش
ɫһ㶡

Ļͷһۣ²ش⣬ǿڲ⣬˵Ҫٰ˶ᡣ
˵ڰûʲô˱ʱҪǿҪˡ

ʵڲУһҵˣռһ4100ĽȻʱ򱻷ȥʲô1500׵ģ군ˡ

£˵𣿡˵꣬ѯµ
˼ûעĸո˵ʲô

ĸ˵ҪǴҶû˶ϣҾͱ4100Ľˡ

µͷҶԡ

˵Уôˡ

.

˶µףʱڣȥ⣬ůżҲȡ

⼸ãÿ켸յա
ȵʱ򣬿Դˡ

ҳʱ洩ñ£洩˶̿㣬ֵģŶ£Ҳû䡣

絽ǱˣǶ֪֪Ѵҡ

ϸ¸տѧʱұ˶ᣬʱΪû˲μӣǲȥĿⱻ䵽õĿ

֮ˣ˭Ҳûа·ϡ
ֱͻȻյ֪ͨ˵Ҫ

ȵĳͣЩ̫Ըȥμӡ
绹׼ȥ֣ûпΣֻȥӰ

ڵãһаŶˡ

ע⵽ɫǺܺá
ôˣĵ

´ǽҡҡͷ
ûʲôǶеʹ

嶼̫ûʲô£һ̾ͺˡ
ҪܲĻԼ̫ܲܳŵס

ģǲǻֹʹҩ˵ɣҪǲȳ˶һ

ĵͷǻУҵø㡣
ԼҪӲţĲĻȥҽҿʵڲУ˲ˡ

üͷ΢壬Ӧ֪Լעġ




40.     ֻҪ²

ܵ

Ǽͺûо, ǶӶǰм, ׼ܡ

ȣ°ͷ, ˸ͷ, 鷢ڶգðϸϸܵĺ顣
¸ʹ, ҧҧסŶ̶һ, ͺˡ

֪˭ʱѧУǽͶ˸, ˵ʢ»μ˶, ʱΧ۵˶˺öࡣ

ʢԺСŮƤ, úÿ, ĺ, ׼׼СŮһö

, ҵȻԸΪ͡
˵, ˮ, ûʶһ, ˡ

ǵڶܹʱѾǵλá
½ӰȾܡ

һ㣬ǰܰ˰׵ʱ򣬶ǿĳɼ, ÿ꣬ͷ󺹡
ĿҪͳ̣Ҳһ㡣

Ǳǻᾡһ¡

ڳɤӺʢ¼͡Ͳڿֱ̨ˡ
ʱ򣬸оձзٵĹι¸˺ʹһ£Ųȴûͣ¡

ֱĽ

Ÿ΢ǿһ㡣
ʱ̧ͷȥŷ֣ԼȻһˡ
ӵڶɵˡ  

ʮʱܵʮƴ
˶츳һüⶼǰéԲųнһҪ

õֻüͷⷢϢ
ˣǵ

ǺܲģΪǵһ

ƽʱæϢȽһ㣬ֻҪһء
ҲûţֻڹԵһֱȥ

ǡӻǺʹ

µͷֻĻŴǣɫįԵί
ǰصسֹʹҩҲûʲôãرһ˶֮۵ĸˡ

ʢͬѧˮԱ˵һƿˮܿǵȣصıˮ
̧ͷһۣûüشԱˣŰϵǰ

ʢͬѧǸеıϣر㳢

Χ˺üˣˮģϵģиѩͱܣۿ̫¾Ҫɹˡ

һӶҿ˿Щ£ˡ
ôôˡ

һƬ߰ʳͻȻһ±
Ư޳ָȻǰָֽ͸İףֱסӾ˳

ˮڶ

һֹһɫı±ԵúЩ롣
˵߼תϡ

ɨһۣе⣬Ȼֱ¡

¿㶹֮ӦüͷչЦ
áͷѱ±ˡ

һ㴫

Ǽ轵Ļ裬Ʈ¶á
ǲǻʹܵɫţСʣҴȥҽԺ

ǸոܲˣŻܡ½ͣϢһ£ٺȵˮͻˡ

ôѧУˣҵˡ
µȻȡ

ȥѧУüˣ⻹ûѧУֱҵˡ
ûȺ˵

֣Ӹոյڣһֱϣû뿪
ۡ

ű±ССڵĺţҲûͣԾͺһ롣
ȻȽȣȵθﶼůůģʹ֮˲١

ѱӷһߣ˵ͻȻֱס
ĺ󱳣ģƺǺ

ұһ£ǲܺһ㣿

ͷһֱֱֱԽԽʱ¶ܵϴ

ԱԭΧŵ˶ɢˣֻи֪Ϊʲôһֱڶǡ
ԶԶļˣĿЩ졣

֮ͥ£²˼ˣ͵͵·

ɿ֣ûʲôֻǰһԵı±
¸ˣ¶á

áӦһ˫סӣҪȣͻȻע⵽
촩Ƕ䡣

¼ûд䡣

ʹǿҲ䣬ڼеʱҲᴩ䡣
ᡣ

ǽ죬һδ˶䣬¶֡
֮ԭεֶһ˰̣Ѿϣȴ̻ĸŤ

پ£ʮֺÿһˣȴ
ܶ˶ˣ־ú棬Ȼ֪࿴̫ò̲ס

¿˿¶̧֣ͷĿϣָۣǵĵĿ

ֵ֪жУŸ±˵Ŀ˺

ϣһĲġ
ϣ⣬һһ֡

ⷴס֡
ߣȥԷֱǣ뿪

.

˶һ·߳Ųƽǣµ֣ɫҲκε

һ·϶˻عͷǡ

úÿǻ˵Ŀ⣬رÿһĻͷʣҲ˫ġ
ֻǡڻͷ֮ע⵽֡

⡣µֱǣţԹߣϳ˺΢˿˿ˡ

ôˣͣ½Ų

¿ԥͣͣСʵҲǺȣôʹˣ
ļô

ͷ˿Լ¶еһֻ֡

ܶ𣿡Сĵ
ǡҡͷϽĻ

µףˣ䡣

ҡҡͷ䴽ǣش˵ã䡣
֮ǰҶ࿴֣󷽵¶棬ºأ̲סֶ࿴˼ۡ

⣺ϲ

ش˵ϲ̫ã˵ϲҲá
ʣΪʲô

ΪʲôһԸԼַ¡

ֱա
һδ䣬е㲻̫Ӧ࿴ۡ

֪Ҫϰߡ

ΪֻҪ²ôûϵ
ԱԴԼҲԴ̫ں

ôã֣ޣۣȴһ㶼

ŶЦѾزסȻĵͷ˼˵Ҫ𣿡

Ϊ᲻˵ʾĬϣ˭֪ͷˡ

Цݲüң˷ۡ
ҲҪ

ָߣĸ˵ⳤôÿ۾ÿӺÿ䶼ÿԱ˲Ż࿴㡣
Ҳϲ

Ŀ޺ģ˵Ҳܺ

֣ʣȥʲô

ո˵ȥԶ»ܺأҪȥʲô
ûش𣬷ʣӵ׻ʹʹ

ҡͷ

ҿ϶ǰϳһܣͳԻһֱûã경֮еʹڷȫˡ

ܣüͷ£ǰ컹꣬˱ܣ

²˼ˣС˵ͻȻԣһ
˵ֽ꣬ŵҶ֪ˣ⼸ȵĶˮԺҶˮġ

ǡؼҳԣ̽ʡ

һʱûӦɫס˵ŹСԲ
һ˵

ϲԵġ

áϵͷؼҳԡ




41.     Ů˯òã

ǰʱסʱ, ½½һЩСԭСķӣҲ𽥱ů

ټ˴, ůͶˣҲѡ
, ˾е

һžŵ˷˵ζ
˵ζ

˳ζȥ, ŵĲˣ, ȵ۾
ⶼģ¿Щš

֮ǰ˵ŹŴԲ, д˿, , ըѺУЩͨļҳˡ
ºĶ࿴ۣ˿, еϸ

Լе𣿡ֲ, жķʽ϶Ҳƽһ, ˵, Ҫеôϸ, еѶȵġ

ֻΪһγԷʱ, ˵һ䡣
˵ϲеϸ˿, ԽϸԽãһ붯ӡ

վſûſлңŵ³극Ҫɨһ
ʣ͵ͷ

ǡ˶ã룬ô, ûϺܾõʱɡ
ˣҲ죬Բ˶١

Щ̫ˡ
³Բ˷ѡ

ҡҡͷش𣺡ûá

ô赭д˵²Ųš
ⲻԸ˵Ҳ׷ʡ

ȳ߹ʢһСԲӣݸ¡
Ŵ㣬ϲζ

۽һϲҪӹͻȻָϵ˿ڡ
Ǳģһ׳Ѫû͸ҺûĲǺ

ôˣɫһϰŵһߣͷϸָ
ȥõơ֮ǰ⻻ҩǩ͵ƻû꣬ŸϽҪȥá

һס
ˡ˵ƿ⣬ֻЧڡ


¶֪

¥ȥ򡣡

ˣûϵġס
˿ϵˣ̧Ŀת£ɫ˼

˼룬ⶢϵˣŸոտе˿ͻȻӦ
ȦסĲӣûע⣬ɿһ¡

ġǺЦˮһ»߿ġ
֪Ǹ̵ˣ۶ʹܣһ治ɫ

ͬʱΪԼϵĲЩҲһҽѧ֪ʶһС˿ڣҲԼһʱ䴦
֪ûϵ

̫˽ˣֱӾʹ˼

䣬ͷ£ĿʱĶܣһô͡
Ů㰡ס˵ָĺŮˡ

˵ţһһ¡

´ʱͣһ룬̧ۣͻȻиӰڻζ
ǸͥԺһסõģЩ˻żȥｽ

Ϊͨ磬ǿŵģûд˵Ļһ۾Ϳ

ɫһӱˣְֺףȻ֣˵˳档
˿ĵط

ߵ򴽽ǣոǸӦûпʲôɡ
Ҳ֪ǲʶˣҪ֮¥ˣеεġ

⻹վԭأ֣ŵ˵Ѿ˳ҰɣٲҪˡ

۽鵽⣬ͣ£ȥѴˡ
ȻŶ߳

¸Ͻӹ

ӣͷССڵĳԣʢһ¶ã³Ÿˣɸ
һܿ˵ס

꣬´ǣ̧ͷȥ⣬Ц˵ԡ
һǰ֪ôãĻҪóԡ

һ

ѿ˹
˵ȳԷ

ֻƷһһĺȥ°ѶˣͳԲˡ

ʣôģر㣬ҲԲӶȱ˵Ŵһ㡣
㣬δ

𣿡ǵһ˽̳̣ϸս̳
ûʲô֮ǰҲûʲôر

ǰ»ζŸղζֵ˵ͷ

ҳ

͵͵Ĵʱƺĸ̧ۣ˵Ҳȥʢһ룬ɻû˵Ѿһ

һθܵȣ֪ǲǽԭȴӴ괫ȫ½ߵģеĺ

Ȼϣȴ˴绰һȴһ

˺ܾã뿪ʱ¸оָˡ

Ŀʱ£̫Ȼƿۣƹ£ȥ˹
ȥ˲˳˵ţת˳

ĬĬİѲ˶˳Ϊе࣬˺üˣ˵緹ҳ

һֱֱģû뿪

촽׺ˣҲȾĪĺ⣬һСӶˣķӦ

ĺ𣿡С
šʢӦһ

¿˵⼸˶ᣬûпΡ
ϲŲޣ϶ٲˡ

˵⣬˼Ѿˡ

ָ֣Ůѽ˯òã
ͻȻ

ˣǲ鲻޵ģ

ѧУˣҲ֪ǹܵϲϡ
͵ķһ㲻顣 

֮ǰɺܶݼְŻȥ¥ˢҲûܵôϡ

ҳԷˡ½ܺãĪرãܾãŵĿġ
ԷûвҲúܿġ

.

ϴϡ

ϰѧϰΪʱܱ󣬲Ҫ˷á
¿ѧǰһס죬ʱ˻ûã˯ǹԹԵһߣرϵˡ

ͷİɣڼϣĩβһЩʪʪģԼɡ

Сߵ󣬿ϣʵʲôʱ᣿

ͷҲû̧ش˵ˡ

ôְּסԺͬʱѿҵҲɵôãô㣬ĺϾûɵһ  

ȻĵͷĬĬƿȥϡ

ˢ˻ţʱѾʮһ㣬´ŹǷԴģʵ̲סҪ˯ˡ

ȴû˿Ҫ˯˼
һѧȫ۾񣬶ϢѧСʱ

·ֻǱ߿һۡ
⣬˯ˡ

ҲҪ˯Ҫ̫ˣ۾ãҲá

ǵð㲻Ҫ˯˲֪͵˯
Ҿ˯Ҳε㲻Թġ

˵ô࣬ͣеĶͷͷ
֪

Ʋر½ëϹˮ飬ڹյӳ£۾Ө͸ӣŹ⣬յȥ

Ŀס˲䣬ĿҲ˽
ĶĲơ

ǲǴ˯ˣ֮ǰѧ̫ûвʱѾ˺
ºϢһʱ˯

ȥɡ˵Ҫվ

Ҫ£ҡҡͷ
Ҳ˯ţȻҺ¡

ͷ͵͵˵Щ壺ҽͷξ˯жʮôôء

ֹģ˵ʲôҲ壬ֻ˯ŵĿ죬ûӣѾ˯ǳǳĺ




42.     ԣԴײίġ

賿һ㡣

ѹһƬڳ, ûע⿴ʱ䣬ֻһۣ֪Ѿôˡ

ϵĻѾɵĲ, ʱոβܽȥˡ
ط˷

ҹԽΧ¶Ҳ, Ŀȴһյ, üͷԽԽ
ʶعͷ˶ؽ˱, ֻ¶һͷΪ, Ҳֻ¡һ, ϸĻ, ˡ

ܾòԣֶ࿴ۡ

￩һ£, ߡ
¶ͷ̽¡

ǹ̵ġ

ɫ, ͷͣ, , ų, ôộ

, ¶Ҫƫһ, ȴǹ̵ġ

û˯죬Żش𣺡ӦǷ˰ɡ
֮ǰ䣬ڱ﷢ʱ֪ԼҪˡ

ǼСʱȥˣҲ˵, һֱڴϣһûС

ôô˵ڶҴȥҽԺ

²ϣҡͷȥ
ѧϰҲ㡣

һʱֺЦŪôҲŲ˵Ϊ
Ӧûյ38.5棬ȥҽԺԲһͺˡ֣Լϣƶ˵ûպ

˵˲㣬Ҫ¼һ

¹ԹԵİ¼Ƽס
⿴ʱ䣬߰˷ӣ¼Ƴ

38.1档

ûҩȥ
˲ͷϵĺٴȰòãȥҽԺ

קűӣҡͷ
ҲҪȥ

ո¶һֱڶöˣþƾһûˡ
Լڷʡ˵ѹǰӲԭҪˡ

ȻҲ֪֮ʲô
¾һȻģ

ֲڴͣͣȻȥһˮ
ëšˮȸ˲

ϰˮ֮΢΢⣬´չЩŴŴ̾
˶󣬲ӣֱۣŵ¶ƺһ㣬ȲӴٶһ⡣

ԺĿʼ˯¿ӣԼȥ˵Ҳȡ

֫ϸƺ͹һգƤϸ彿ۣԼ·ѵĲʣһ̻ɫ¡
ҪҲһպͿˣֻ֪ôô

Ŀ޲봹϶һ顣
ջ֣ȥһˮֲÿȦסӣǼĲ˲Ĵꡣ

Ƥŵȣ¶ȶˣյĴС
ָסǶ˵ɻǿںôҲ˵

ͬѧʱǲǳԴˣ
۾Цʡ

ұʱǶΪҼͣҶû
ҪǶӲʵҲܲܣϣͱ̲ġ

ո경ôȵʱ˭빾˹˺ȵģֶ֭ˡ

ڸ͡˵ºһ
пΣν֮ؼ˷ˮȱģñ±װˮ

ܵʱں濴ţûȥ

ܶں֣ˡ
ʢ´ҫϲģֻҪվ˵Ŀ⡣

Ҳܲ ºܳʵҡͷ

üͷԼոʲô
شĻ

˵㵽ǲǳԴˣҪʡ

Ժ۾ȴش
ͷȻ˵ţԴס

ֹԴס
ԶԶţʱߣҪ

һȻ˵ı飬Ц

ĺף۾Ц˵ԣԴײίġ
⻹ޣ϶͵͵Դס

¸ϲ˵
˵ܸᵽ

ң˵ԴףֺܾȤ

ǰҲԴ𣿳Դ׵Ļʲô
»Ҫ׷ʣ˭Ĵװ

еʱ򣬰ȷʵм׷ڰҲдڨģֻ´ûǡ
ֻǼͬͬѧ˵˵ǲɱġ

شֹԵӦú˰ɣҺ
˲岻ԴģԼ˵һЩĪĻƤѾʼ´ܡ

ֻȦĲӣô˯ˡ

⿴۾ϣɫ̫ãһۣȥ˯һ㣬ȦĽԸſ

ͷĶͷܵûȥ¶ȡ

˯ˣȴ˯ֻܲţı
Ӱʵʵ

֪˶ãϳˡ

ϵĺ˲Ȼ¼Ƹ˯죬ҪţҲûҪѵļ
ֱţѾû֪Ҳͷۣû˯š

ó¼ƿ37.5档
¶ȺôȥһЩˣȻûȫҲ˿

Щʣ˯ͻȻȣĸŽţı²£²¡

˯ˣҲóŵϵζڣ˲궯Ҳһıƽˡ

.

䴰գйӷ϶͵

ĵһӦǻͷɢˣͨ泩ԭЩʧ˲

е벻ʲôԼһֱ˯ʼΣ˯İȣһ

ˣʣȲȣ

£ĵͷӦȡ

һϼû˯һֱڸ£ֱСʱǰˣ΢һ
˵аСʱоҲûãһ۾ŹȥӶѡ

Ķͷûио¶ߣ£תȥ¶ȼơ

üҲԼͷ
ôˣûʲôرġ

̧ͷ¶ȼƹɻҡҡͷ˵ȡ
ֹһ䣺ˡ

⶯סɫһӱˣָ˶ƿӣҪ´ȥ
ֱһֱϵ򴦶û˸оһ£һ

ôˣĵ

Ӵϻ䣬ƤӴе⣬ͷԼֻһ¡
˼룬գգ̧ۣͷ⣬ĿʱΧƬ̵͡

ǵ÷ʲôˡ

Ҫͣȴ´ǻһĨЦ⣬Ȼ˵ü·Ҫȥϴ衣
ĺܲӦǳ˺ູܶȻǲˣҲµе㷢ա

⼸嶼̫ʱżҲգû̫⣬⼸עһ£ӦҲʲô¡

˭֪֮ȫһ˾Ϳסˡ

áͷ
̧ûͻȻ顱죬ᡰһ

⵱תµһѰ

ôˣˤˣ𣿡ĿɿɨһȦΧûʲôĶ
üͷţҡͷеۣûϵһ㡣

̫ˣֽŷոûע⻬һ£ԼˤŲסԼ塣

ֲҪ˿ڲźõġ·ǵϽ
ûϵⲻۡô˵Լжһʵˡ

ٴãûֱѾᱧס
ǲû˯Ϊչң㶼ûϢǲǣ

ɫãĺۣ˵úϢɣԼȥϴ裬Ȼ󲻴ˡ




43.  䱦   綼

°ʹ, ֱȦӣ૵˵

ôôϸڵĹ۲쵽ÿһ, ȻȫȫΪ롣
ʢ¶õˡ

ûм˹ػЩ꣬Ϊ¶Щʱ, ԼӱĹĺͰ, ԼҲôһȴԸԼе綼

ֹеĿ, üͷʱֻĿڴۡ
֪˵ʲô, ˵ʲô, ֻǡ

Ը񲻺, ֲԴǣǰܾ²ϲˡ
ıôŨϲ

ֱıס

ƤɢζǺŵ, رǰʱ, ζš
Ҳϲζ

һ, ںһ֣¡
šӦ, ֪ͻȻôˡ

ꡣ˶, Ͽֿĸ, , һõĶ㣬һᡣ 
Ŵһ˵꣬ǸԼһޣ£Ҫܸί

Ӧùõ, һǣҪıκ˶á

ʢ£䱦ҲܿΨһ⡣

»ߣ˵ʲôȴͣס
ôְѧҵҲκ˶Ŭ˼¶ס

ֻҲôۣ̫ѹ

ת룬ŬƴĻͲˡ
ͷӦá

ס֣úСӵ˵ϢɣϢҪ

û˵ֻһߵ׸ϣȻ´һֱԡ

ϴȥ·
ҪǲңҾ档

֣ȻַſĵСһ㡣

շգһȻ¶Ƚˣʱ򣬾³ʲô⡣
ⲻ˵

֪ˡ¹±ӣģҪĲˣϺ㡣
ϧġ

.

½ȥϴ˳͡

һˣԵҪ嵭Ӫⰾ˵С࣬˼ϲԵĺ춹컹ʣµһСŴԲˡ

һŵζ

֮ǰöŵʳζˣŲӿտҲ

ϵͣð̧ͷһ⻹ڳæ
ȥϢҲڳæˣ֪Ը󣬲ԸĻ˵ٶҲûá

㲻ˣЩԡ³֣˵
ոּ˺轣һСװǣ˳ζеˣŴӹʢ

ϲģûζҲԲ˶١

ﻹʳ˼
һȷʵˣһҲţϽͳ꣬ȥϢ

˲̣Եı˭ڡ

µģһԵĸɸɾ
˲ͣЦŴߴ⣺ˣҳˣȥ˯

һֱȥϢҲֲ˵㶫󣬾ͽˡ

ȷʵһû˯Ϊ£һһֱŵġ
ڷԴհͷϮϣϾ˯ȥˡ

һ˯ĺܺá

˯ĺܳƺƺûУ֪˶ãȻĴۡ
ҹ֮Ĳ˯˾Դһ͡

ʶԱ߿ȴû¡

Ļŵ£Լ˵
ԶĲ̫ں˭˵

´һѴߡ

ڴŹϺִʱ˵˵ǲҵ£⼸춼ûס

ǸڷͣӲ˵⼸춼Ƿſ¸ˣҲ˵ͨ
º˭˵ǺģʹҲûкǿӲֻĲٳΪ⻹˯°ˡ

ٶ˯

²󣬰ֵģ˵ȴҲּ
һж̱

ڵŮӣƯƯģ˽ﲻ֪࣬첻ϣҴˡ֡
ֻǻû䣬Ѿǰɨһۺ˵һԡ

һװ˼ĴӣһվҪ߳һͷ
䣬Ŀź⣬ո˵£ֱҪɱ˵˼

һС´⣬ŵ˲Ȼˡ
ΪⷿһŮأ˭֪ðһ

ʲô£˵»ȫһ˿㡣

˰˵һ顣
֮ǰǰֺڿڣСһ롣

˵ҲûҪЩǸߣٵǸˡ
˵⼸¶ѧУҲ˼ſ

ǲĳЩһûʣû˼ſ
ƶǲݷǿƣžţҲûãû£Ǹܡ

УTMԺԡ˵ֱ꣬ӰŹϣ顱һ㵯˵š

¾ȵգգۣԼոʲôȷһ飬û
⾹Ȼ˵໰ˡ

ȻһҲ㲻໰Ƕ˵ѾˣϾû˵һػ
ո׵˵ЩǵһΡ

ͷû£Ŀʱ£˵棬ͻᱻ۸

һ㣬˾ͻӺ󣬾ͻ䱾
ֻûϵ»¡

Ծ㻣ҲҪ˸ס

˶٣뵽ʲôüͷʵոΪʲôţ
İ˿ţСӶ֪顣

ҡ±һʣͻȻ֪ôش
ոڿ飬õûܴһӦ´ŵϢǾ͸Ͻȥſʲô¡

ʱûж롣

򴽽ǣǸεС˵ҴˣԺ󲻻ˡ

ǲܿھͿԡֻǵϾطҲӣ˵ʲôˡ
¸ɵĵͷţ֪

һ䶼ͣ˵ʲôӦʲô

ôôӣüЦһĶˡ

Цȥ֣˵Ҹӳ԰ɣȻϳȥԣûѧУ

ǰ챻һٶӣȻٶģǱְĻóԣϲҲһ𳢳
⵱Ȼûġ

ϲ˴һͨһƺúҸֻǳԷ򵥵£ҲΪ˵飬ϲ




44.     ˭Ȳϡ

֮, һ·ɢߣ¸Ѿʮˡ
ҹ紵ˬ, Ǹղ˳΢, ԭ͵Դûôˡ

ʱУ԰˲, żмϰġ

ʹһʮĸСʱһ𣬵Ҫֿ, »ǲá
ָĽ, ǲԸɿ

, ϾҪһˡ
һҵûؼҡ

ڶӼܳ, ֮ûٻȥǺͰѵüӣҲ˷ˡ
һ, 趼ڼ, ûȥ

ȥ, ǾͲˡ

ͷ, šһ, û˵ġ
, Ҫˡ

Ҫǲϸҡ

, 㳦θҲãҪһЩ߰ģӲòҪ

ˣȴ½½˵˺ö࣬ĻǸС, ֪ôչԼһ

˵һ䣬¾ʹӦһ䣬Ĳˡ

˵̧꣬ͷſڵҾڻԽԽˡ
Ŀ΢䣬Ϊϲ˵£ּ˵

ϲֻҪ˵Ҿϲ

ĺ᲻ѽͬѧһɡѹĿ֣;ﵽȥˡ

䣬Ⱨסʱǿ޵Ĥ졣
̫аȫеˡ

ߴȴ˿˿𣬷Ϸң˿գе
һ룬עҪһģҪȻôôôϲء

ܶ౧һӣررҸ顣

᲻ã׻Ҫֿ
ȥˣ·Сġ

ɿ֣תҪ¥ȴ̧ţתɿһ¡


һƮڷ

ǣ¶ף
ϣûڵһ˯ĺð

½Ų¥
Ｘ˻û˯ǲŸϴ裬½ԼͬİĿͶ

˶֮ûлסصȺ﷢Ϣ˵ôҰŵ㡣
ǼûʣҲ֪˶֮Ǹһˡ

һΣǼѣʱݵǽϣúÿֱ޲ѡ
˶ϣ˶ˣǸ˵֡

ܹˣһ

ѧУѾڴˣ˵µǸм
ôƯôϲѾѾˣôһѡ

ǼҲܺ棬뵽֮ǰ˵жöãڵģ᲻ܵƭ
뵥Ǿáû˻ϲһȱݵˡ

ǳٺÿҲû취ֲȱݡ

ֱڿ죬˵ʲôˡ
˵£˶ǸѰɣ

µͷ
֡

ʰԼӣͻȻôʣһ٣˵ʲô

ǰһЩõ£ˡ
º̹Ȼǿһ·߹ˣû˱Ҹ֪жã˭Ȳ

ģȴÿһ䶼ܳϿֿǶҵѣҲϣ˵һ䲻á

Щ۹⣬ں˵ҲûϵֻԸߵҲô˵
ܺãرá

˿Բ֪ҲҪⴧ⡣

ҷΧ˲Щͳ˭û˵
ȷʵ»֮ǰ۹ѣҲйһЩ̫õĴʻ㣬ֻǾáѡ

ҪȰһȰ¡

ڿԼ£Լĺͨ͸ȷʵӦö˵ʲô
һʱЩǸΡ

´Ӵ˸Сֽ򿪣ǻڵİ
ոڶſ˰ų¯ģ

²ûҪƽϵ˼ֻЩ˵˵

ȳ̽Ц˵ǼһͰһȥء

һƱҶ顣

ʱֻ£Ļ΢˷Ϣ
´

ⷢϢ
˵һһȥ

¿⼸ֵʱûӦǲƵϲãֻͿʼԼЦ
ȻһıȫƸ˶ѣǳԣԵ㡣

Լֻ˴

.

µף

ؼҵĸƱʱòײʮϵһ˳
λûһм˺üᣬһ·϶뷢Ϣѡ

˰Ѿʮࡣ

˳վĴ˿óֻ绰
绰ûȥѾȽӵ˰ְֵĵ绰

˵ڳվڵ

Ϊԭ򣬺ܹ˵õÿηżٻؼңԼ򳵣Ǹڷһӡ

û뵽

Ӧ˼ãŹ˵绰ӭ˱
ϴλô䣬ôʲôû

û뵽ôˣֻסһʱûӦ

־úЦ
ôʶˣ

ҡҡͷĽ͵ûУŻﶼС

ʵû
鷳ֻһ䣬Ҳķһ

»Ĵʣʲôʱ򵽼ҵģ
Bж飬·ҪԶĶ࣬ôǰˡ

絽ģպʢŽ㣬ͺһˡ

ע⵽ĲɣվԭʱʱԱ߿ʵ£
ҡ¿ˮҺһġ

⡱֣Ц΢١
ڵˣʵ

Ҳ˵ʱҲóˡ

˵ȥϵȣ̧ͷ߳һ۾ϳµġ
Ҳˣ֡

⡣֡

⿴ˣ󲽳˹

Ŀתϡ
ҲһûˣĮƧ꣬ƺúܲһ

һ֮ǰûϿĴţĿ⿴ʱڼʱ

¸Ҫڣ߹䲻䣿
¶ȸһЩرϣվտֱִ¡

ҡͷ䡣

ɡ֣ӹ䡣
ָս俴֣˵˾䡰á

һֱϲչ˵ԸʲôܵټϺǴСһ𳤴Ĺϵܶ飬Ҳϰ߳Ȼˡ

ʢڳϵǣҲһЩȡ

⺢ӵ״Ԫôõĳɼȴû山ȥѡZ˵ʵҲϧ
ϧҲԼѡ˭治

˺ðٶ׼ˡʢ˵ţʼ绰

ϣڸʻֺںţ͵Ŀ¡

ͬѧѧôϴλ˵ѣҲ𣿡
ֳƽ֣µѧϰ

ѧĲãô㡣

á¾úĪವģѧĺãҲҡ

µĳɼѾˣֻںλѧǰɼʵ㲻ʲô
λֵѡ֣ѧʲôֵ

ͦáЦŵͷ˶٣˵γҲܵġ

ôҰ軹ѧϰ£»ͷһۣȻںͷ˵ȴ͵͵⡣
Įû̫ķӦ

ЦЦֻ赭дĻش˵ϰˡ




45.     ȵ

ҿʮһ㡣

һӵĲ, רŵ»ԣȻѾôˣ˶ð

, 紵ź⣬ʢǰ, ʷҪҪһԶٷ
˵ѾԹ, Ȼؼˡ

̤ʱ»ȻֻصǰĴ

ǰմؼʱ, ңԶ·̣Ҳ, һ, ִ˼ſڡ
ʱҲһӵĲ˵ǡ

ַ·ǰ, ȴʵѾȥˡ

Ѿ˺ܾãº˵, д˵, Եòôտˡ

̫ûʲôθڳԶ, ¾ȵ, ȴ롣

֮ǰסô, ûһλôࡣ
кӶԵ, Բų׳

賿, ϴ˯ˡ

л˵ֻǼ趼ڣ˵ʲô㣬ϵʱһһߣúԶ

żæŵĻ˹ϵȴ֮ǰһ, ڰǰ˵£ñŤ

»ûҪô˵

ڶһ磬ͣʱѾæˡ
ѵ÷żٻһˣôô磿

ԼŮһ⼸깤æ߿ûô˵ʱ䣬ҲϣԶչ

¸оõ鲻ãû˵óԵĺ

ԡЦŴ򿪱䣬裬ģùҡ

ҡͷεЦ
˼Ůӻؼҿ϶ŵȳԣãô緹

˵Ϸֻȥˣ
˰ԣڻ˵ǺӣҴСųͦ

ƷԸҹϵֺã룬ҪˣŮҲͼ޸ʮס
á

ţµͷԤȿ䣬ĲɣڴӦ

ԼŮҲʮôϣżò˵ŵңһ˵ƨûȾȥˡ

룬λôʳζŻãϾ֮ǰûԹ·

˵ҪϲҺ־û

˵⣬ˡ
ͷ׼ʳĵĶ˵ҸѪԵϵȻˡ

һ𳤴ô꣬־ĸһ
ŲĳأĵҲǳɼδЩ

ģ´û

.

Լȥһ첻Ӱ͵͵ѳԵĶصȥˡ

ֽ
ͬѧúóԷ/Ц

һǹԳԣҲþûмˣһ˵Ļ

Фپ£˵Ůѷˡ
ҲûȥĶֻǰʱμһУĻúФپˣԵɺϣǻҪһһʱ䡣

ϲФپѾΪôص£ʱԽãԽ˵ڡ

ФپôŮѣҲܴ¿ϲá
ϲƯֿɰŮӣǧģΨ

ڹվȳʱ˵ʱ͵͵ȥǰŮѵ΢ѧųΪӣֱ׾ķ֣ǲѧᡣ

Ҳֻܶڰ͵͵ĿǣżᵽֻƬĽ
ĽٺһܹĺãйЩǡ

飬²ö˵ʲô֮ǰȰϲһҪ˵ȻҲû취ˡ
¹ģûһ

µҵʱߵࡣ

ѾطϢˣﾲĵģһӰûУûκ

ķһ¥ŷƺ͸һϸҲûж
߹ȥʱ㻹磬ӦûϢ

̧š
˼涼ûзӦ

Žȥַţϻ̯ͱʼǱȴ֪ȥˡ

ȥˣ
ոսʱ򣬿ͳǱҲûƣѵڶ¥

ð뷨̧׼¥ݣʱֻˡ
Ƿģֵĵܵܡ

սͨ绰Ǳ߾ż˵˵ڴܣ
ˣＱ꣬˵״Σһ˼ȥˡ

Сͤ㣡

¹˵绰ϡ
Сʵͦƹ¥ţһҲʮӡ

һ̫ܵżСڵĴΪ˷ֱ͸ˡ
¿ûˡ

һ߼ǰңҪٴ绰һ̧ͷǰ·̨ϡ
Ӱ̫Ϥһ۾ϳˡ

ǱߣɿʱŲֲɵͣ¡

࣬Ǻ·մģϥǴĥˡ
˿ʮǱ

һ˵ʱ򣬷ִǶǴЦģͬĵ˵ͷȻ˵

ȻǱָǱ

֪нģȫ´Ǹɸɾݲմһա
һֻȶģܿڵˮ

һŲȽˮȥˡ

߽ʱ򣬷̧ͷ
˼ͬʱվ

ֵͷԼڵˮĿȣȻ̧ͷ¡
¾ڼԶĵطϵۣƺֻʣ⣬üͷ۵ĿҪˡ


ĬƬ̣˵ʣµģ´˵

µͷò赭д˵Ȼȥˡ
Ȼ̧ǰߡ

һֱ⣬˿ŷ֣򢴦һǳǳĲۣðСѪӡ
Ϊ컹ͦȣǶ䣬ԭ˰ϣҲˡ

۲۰ʣˮ
ûΪʲôܣֻ룬ôѪˣ֪ȥҽԺ룬ҲҪȴһ˿ڰ

ôŵҹһ¡

û˵ָ֣㽿⣬˵

ȻؼҰɡ

ҩ䣬һ½

һ˫۾޿˵ʱô˶ݣãԭôں͹
ڣмҡ

Ҳ࣬ɿµ֣Լ·ʹ£ɲ֪ȾĺɫҲ

µŪࡣ

¿ֱ֣üͷȥǣ֣ЩԹ˵ﰡֲ㡣

ˡߡ

ʱȵ紵ȴھҵ
ѾôôϲûԭԸϲ

.

ڴߣϸĸ⴦˿ڡ

ܿü˿ڶǺأϸֶ࣬żðѪӡ

Ĳˣ¶ϥ˵ĵط
㡪»£ѿ˰ɡ

ǲǻˡ

ѿӡ
⻰˵̫塣

סͷסͷµҲһͣ˲˶ˡ

¿۾գգС˵ڼˣȥ˯°ɡ
˯¿ɣ԰ѿȾһ㡣

ⷿ䲻Ǻܴ鷿ģûеϴּ䣬ͷһŴһһ¹ѡ
ǰȥ¥סһͷԵķ䣬ⲻԸ⣬Ҫöܾˡ

Եø򵥼ª

ߣȥ¥ϡ»һȦ¥ߡ
¥ֱߵһ䷿ģֱķ䡣

սȥŻûϣͻȻ̽ĺһ䣺£
һʶź㣬ֱŲŻŵӦһ

ϳԷûУ

Թˡҧ´ָԽԽ۽Ű뿪ſڣʲôʱžͱƿˡ




46.     £

ȴû

ƺʲô, ׼¥ߣյ¥ݿʱͣ, ʣǺӳԹûУ

²ڼңԷʱȥ, Ҳ, Ȱѷˡ

ˡһ֣˶, ýͰ͡

ҿǺ˻ʲ٣ȷʵҲͦ׵ġ̾, ƺԽ, Ķᵽɤۡ
࿪ʿʺð

߶, ˶תߡ

ҲϢ̫˯ˡ
ҺҪȥһ, 緹Ͳڼҳˡ

£, ֪ˡ


ð

һ·Ӧ, ֹȥѸٰŹ, һš, ֱӷ

˿, Ҳڻ
ͣ, С⣺˷ûУ

˵СԣӲϱ׼ԷģɸոȻôʣ˵ʱ϶ڡ

ҡҡͷ
ûԡ

ϳµͣ϶ûгԶ
ȷʵöӶˡ

ǰ, ꤵĶ

ȥĻ϶ᾪģȥתȥԼ﷭ҡ
ҵһʳĸɰ棬±Ȼˮȥˮ

£ǰϵʱӶֲȥŪԼ˳Եġ
ȷʵϲŪ㶫ԣǰҲܿҹڳ

ԭֹ
ڷôࡣ

ʳƷͼľǷ㣬ӾŪˡ
µݸ⣬Ͻԡ

һҲû٣ǰھܳĳ̶ȡ

ţ˵ûҵķɡ
µķкصĸ˷סʮ꣬Ҳ˺ܶССŮҵů⡣

ҵÿһ״ͱӶ˺ܾģرÿرϲ
ҪںÿĴźÿıӣŻ᳣á

ǰؼңջһµġ
ǿɰɫ

˵ĬҲڡ
õĵƹ¸ۣЩڶ濴ҧҧ촽СʣΪʲôҪͷִܣ

ⲻǻͱͻԸ񣬷ҲǸˣܣóȭȭ⣬źݾġ

£󡣡˵һ䡣
Ļȴһ

ԣΪ

£˭ȶֵģ

ĬĬʰϵ³һ֣ҡ

ʵ˵˭ȶ֡
ʱ£ϴ·ϴµ

ֵʱɫã˵Сųãƾʲô
Ҫ۸û취

˵á֮ȴ֪

Ǵһ⡣

Ӯ𣿡
ҡͷ

ûӮ
ܾˡ

˺½½˵˺ܶСʱ¡
˵Сʱ׶԰ͺһ༶ʱǰСкƤӶ֣ί޵ϡﻩ

Ƿֵһκ˴ܣСӣҲң㣬ҲԺ׼ٺ֡

֮СѧУ˶ͬһѧУֱϸ֮ΪѡͬҲȥ˲ͬѧУ

Ȼ⣬δʲô㡣

Ǹϲѽһж滮õˣԼĿģԼ·ôߣ仰˵עһɹˡ

°ͣ˵׶԰Ƕ£ȵۣȻ
Ĵĺأˡֱȷʵܿһǳǳ˺ۣôȥۼǻĺ

Сʱ£Ҹ˵Ϳˡ
ְԼȥСʱ򶼺ܹԺģȥʮ궼ƽƽʵҲûʲô̫رġ

˶٣˵Ǵʮ꿪ʼͲرˡ
Ϊʮ꣬Ⱑ

㶼ûи˵Сʱ¡
º⣬Сʱʲôӵģ

ⰵ˰΢ߣȴֲ֪ô˵

ɽ󣬼ʱƶ࣬ļѺ٣Щûʲô˵ģҲ˵ڡ

ָֹɨɨĶͷ
±ӣ˵

Сʱ϶ܿɰ

ܶºкӣĵΧھӺѧУŮӶرϲˡ
뵽ʲôӣȴźԼܼ

΢̧ۿ£ԥʣڡã

ڵԸȷʵãһֱã䲻ϲ

е޴ӣֱɰ\ը¶̲סЦ˳
˵أ

⶯ͣˣֿһۣٶУվ

ȫôװֱӽͰӣǴ˼ᣬŵſȥ
ߵʱٴߡ

շ´ӣֱͻȻ´Ӻ˹һ⧲ˡ
ɼʹҲһֱס¡

󱳡顱һǽϡ

Ц˵⣬ǰڣһֱܺãûвõʱ򡣡

ոջЦһ¾Ͱ׵ӣѵԺ׼ˡ
ˣ׶԰Сѣӣ֪ģΪұˡ

ţˡͷӦ

Ŷ

ߣ¡
ԣҵĴˡ

ֵָıƺһ޻һĵ˵
ûϵģҰţҷġ

ϲ˯ȴֲĵ֪ϲ
ҵ⣬ҪԶΧ

.

ڶ컹û°ͳˡ

Ժˡ
˯˯ʱ˸Ҫ;ͱһֻס

һоѣߵ˫ۡ

Ӧ¥۾ԲĹĵģϹԹԵĵͷ
Űַſˡ

ֱʲô

ˣССĴ˸ǷƿƤ£Ӧûû
㡣

ô硣
˯˲Сʱ

±۾˯תȴô˯ţܾһĿƵĶ

ۣȻڿüͷ
㶼𣿡

ǲǽţ±Ұ跢֣׷ʣҪķأô죿

һ㶼£Ҳţ⣬ʵеڵġ
ոջס죬һ

СǷԼʲôʲôﲻ档
£϶ҪΪѹصġ

֪֪׵ˣһ꣬ȴҲͬһУ¶
ûб£ûе

ⲻԴǣҪ˵Ļж

һ죬Եǰǡ

¶˶̵ĴӴ˿ңԴѵӣǻ˯ȴ˯ˡ
÷˯Դġ

̫ˡ

ʱѾʱ䡣
´Լ˯ĵطʰƽ嶼˸ƽȻЬ׼ѧϰ

״򲻶Ժͺϰߣ͵Ҳþ뵡ոһգ긴һ꣬һֱ

ȴͻȻ̧ͷҧ촽ίͰ͵Ŀ
Ӱ룬ֵͷĿ˻

ˡ

һ룬߷ɿһǣе⣬һ
˲䵽ָ⡣

Ҫˣ˯˵

Ҳ˯ˣҲҪ

ҡҡͷе㽿˵㶼𣿡
ʱرھҪСӡ

ȥ

ֻһֻѣ֪˫˳ƻסɵĹϡ

Ϸ䣬Ⱨһůˡ
۾

ҵ¸һѧϰ




47.  ź   ƫҲ¡

¼ʱ, ·֣ͷߵĺܽ

֮ǰ¥˵ִ, Ƕ¥͵͵
ָһϡ

ȥʱڷ, ֻ, ԻǱǷֵͷ

ǰ˻ڴܡ

ºߺŵƱѧУû, Ƿȥĸվ
ϵķɻƱ, ͷȥ

϶, ûȫɢ, ˵ʱ򣬻ڵү

ϳ̲ס⡣
ոշֺ˵ʲôˣ

, һ, ûش, ֻҡҡͷ
²ü

ոϳʱ, ȥƿˮ, ں˵, һ, ˾ͣ
֮Цź˵ټַ˳ϡ

ǰ˴գü⣬ֱ˺һɫ糣
˵, Щܡ

㲻ңȥʷˡ˵

ֻǸҷļ⡣εĻشһ䡣

֮󣬷ָ˵ܿºϲϲ
´Сһ𳤴ϲʲôװ׵ڱϣƫҲ£һǻѪȥĹ

ô⣬һԼϲˣǾǼµϲһа㱣

ִСͶãʲôóԵĺԶ˵ʹڲͬĵط飬´ôԶĵطҪϻҲҵʱȥ

Ժ󲻻ˡ
ԼһϣܺúõĶȻҲϣⲻҪиܰԼδ·ߺ˳

£ѵ㣿

ҡͷ
ѧڵģֻǸ˵һЩͶƵ£Ժⷽʲô

֪ǸˣѧҲ죬Ҫһϣ˭õһ˵ء

һˣľ岢͵ġ

ô˵¸̾һ䣬ֻǺܺõġ
Сһ𳤴ˣҪ浱˵ϲʲôģ»úΣԺ᲻֪ô˲ûдƣ˵Щְɿĸо

˵⻰ͻȻ£о߿Щϸ΢⣬Ŵˣס֣ͷϡ
ˣҪ˯

Ҫ˯̫ˣСʱһҪҡ
±۾ССĴ˸Ƿ˯̫˻Դۡ

״ϣӦһá

.

ѧУͨƽһգ۵·ݣĩܣһѧҪˡ

˺ܶҪæ£Ҳһ

ٹһա

һĵһգ£һֱҪ͸
͸رȥҲ֪ʲôźá

ϴôص
̫صĻ׵ҲһҪǾҪ˼ϲġ

Ҫһ壬̵ա

յ磬¸սһſԣʱ䣬͵͵ȥѧУ

˵绹һڿΣʱ䣬ӦѧԺ
ѧԺȥһΣɾҵ˹ȥ

ڴſڵʮӣ¿죬½ͬѧ˳

վһߣʱʱ̽ͷ濴
ͻȻ⡱֡

ע˲䱻ȥʶ˵Щʲô

ǼŮ̸ƺ˵ʲô¡

ܳǶõĻᣬ˵ȥҲٶһ롣
ǰҲ̫ϧˡ

̶̵ļ仰Զû˺סոģ˼һӷԶˡ
ֱǰ˵һ䣺⣬Ůˡ

»عѾ˹
漸ѣԶԶָкЦҲû

ߣ˳־İϣȻǣס֡
µ׵ѾȣͷȳˣӰóֽϸĸ

յգվڻȵ̫£̧ͷ⡣
úѧԺǲнܾǲǣ

ʲôʵĵҪףո˵⣬ѧԺġ

⶯ס

ʱ䣬ǶڸԵѧУæԵ£ȻЩϸС¶΢ɹרҵѧϰЩһ䶼û

ģҲͲ˵

ô֪¡
һ㶼Ц˱ܣǳˡ

ǣҲȥ

Ϊʲô벻ס

ôˣǿȥøߵĵط
ϴθ߿־Ը£Ѿúźһֱ룬ӵźйһΣǧҪеڶΡ

뵽ϴε¡
㲻Ҫ˵ΪǮ»ʲô⣬δҪǰκε鶼󿿡
һȥġ

ԼҲûжȴеģһеҪԽԽãֻҪãôĸûϵ
й飬ġ

⿴ܹ͵飬ȴһԲ
֪ϲͣϲ˵˵ôһ仰ҲûУҲһֱش

ûУʲôûС

⣬ⲻǶ飬ҲеĻᣬҪ
´ס⣬Сĺ˵ע⵽Ա߿ʼڿǣ֡

ط˵

µУ̲꣬˱̲ˡ
ʱ㱾ûʲôˣټĩܴͬѧڸϰ̲һŮӡ

ºһ̲裬ȴȻζ

ȥҪã
Ƶ

¹˵һꡣ

£ǰһʱ䡣
һ̵ܶģʮ£죬գ۵ʱ͹ȥˡ

ö̶̵һ꣬ļʶõĻᣬһ·Ϊʲôء

ѾȷѧУ˵㲻ȥ룬صĻᡣ

飬Ⲣû˽֪ºܿأ·Ҫߣã̫ˡ
ҪʱԿܣҪÿһҶ¡

Ҫٿһ㡣

ҡͷ֪

⣡һס̲豭ӣŭĺֺ󣬡ҡ
ȴǷϣûС

ʱֻˡ
巢Ϣ˵Ա£ȥ칫һˡ

¿Ϣ

е£ȻѧУˡ

˵ţѺһ̲ǰһƣֻҪ뿪
뱭̲豻£ͷߡ

һ̲衣
ǰӲϲЩʳٺٳԡ

һ·ıӰ
ۣģ¼Į




48.     㲻Ҫˣ

³˴ꡣ

һ, ӽѧ¥Ĭվ˼ӣȻֻ
ֻûκεϢʾ

һε¼ͣһǰ

⿴ư, ɡߡ
һֱգ, ʱ, 챻˺һ󶴣ʹɡ·, λǷһ˴

ɫĮƺ֪ⳡ, ֻǰ, ûԶ, Ͷʪ͸ˡ
ˮ˳»䵽⴦°ڶˮ

ָ, ָɫ

ߵս, ͣ, Ĵ˿

üͷ, ΧĻ, һʱİ, ϲ, Ҳ֪ߡ

ǰиСкܹһѺɡܲҡҡλΡ
ΪܵĿ죬Сɡһû, ڵϣֱ紵ߡ
ȥɡûгȥȰ죬ŵСкٶͣԭء

һ룬ԼɡԽԽԶ̲סίĺ

µ̫ûͰʪ͸ˣҲܵģһƬǰѾֲˮᡣ
ͷͻȻһɡסꡣ

ͷ߰кӣʣʲô

кӲŵ̧ͷҪͷøߣģ񿴵һܺÿĸ磬Ŷ˶˵ҪͰְ飬ǲҪˣԺûмˡ

Сĵʲôء
ûмˣѹ

ڷдҵְڳܣ˵Ҫ飬Ȼ󳳵ԽԽף˵Ҫ

ǳͲˣ˵ǲҪٳҲӼ˳

ûп޵ģոɡߣԽԽίѻһ̲סʹ
ְĶҪ˸ô찡һ㶼Ҫ飬ûаְֻûĺӡ

᲻ҪġɡҲǺܴµͣһ˶ɡСкбԼ󱳼ʪ͸ˡ

˵иĸܵʱ򣬶ϲСӵ롣

СкĻСԭ޵ĳģҲͣˣŽɵĿеʵԡ
⻰еֲףʲô

𣿡Скķʡ
ĲǲҪ

ġȻȴƶ

֪ܳ𣿡

СкҡҡͷĨ˰ᣬС˵ܳʱǻڳûпҡ
Ϊڷ˯ˣ͵͵һ˶ûпʱˣſɡ

Ҳ֪ԼҪȥܳҪǻһֱĻȥ⹫żҡ
ʶ·ģһֱһֱߣٹ䣬Ȼ͵ˡ

ͷǰСӣ˵ȥɡ

ҪؼңС͵һ
ǲҪˣΪʲôҪԼȥ

ûмˣûҪĺӡίļҡͷ
ⰵּ̾壺Ҫġ

˵꣬ǰһһŮɡܹԶԶĿߣ˲һϲܹ¾ͰСӱס
ôԼܳˣ֪֪

ôˣû°ɣ

кӿ裬ίˣ룬˵ĺģְûвҪ
ҡҡͷ˵Լû¡

̫ˣǸϽҪѺӴؼңȻС׷ոð
ְְкӱʱ˰֣ҲؼҰɡ

У侲Ŀǰ棬ˮ
ƺ£ȻӦá

.

»سʰ

Ƿżٷŵ磬µ׾ͿʼˣֻѧԺʱе£ֵæһ
Ѿˣзûԣ꣬ԥ˻ŻٵȵȰɡ

ʱҪȥˡ

ֶɳϵ֪ͣ˯ˡ

һ˯ĪȣԴҳɽĻ棬Ҳͻͻ
˯Ժ䣬ߴŵ
Ŭ۾һӰӳԼ߹

ű߷һɡˮһأʵ˸̺ţ˶˽ȥ
ߴO@ȴʱʱĴ·˸ͻȻѴһƬȡ

˫ְסԴеص羱Сһߡ

ƤǱģ˿ƺڵˮһĪֱ䵽ȥ
±ŪѲ٣ۣͿߡ

ɳͺСһ˶ǿˣôСź£Ҳֻճһλá

ֻôһСĵطҲ˵

ϴΪºˣüûܺ˵ʲô
ľסӣ²ʲҲʲô˵ֲֻ᾿ʲôԭ򣬻˵Ҳϸı⡣

ǰҲ¶Լʯͷ޻ϣٴء
޿κΡ

˯űѣͻȻ뵽ԼںˣĿڣʲôˣͷʪġ

ѾµСˣεδĻһֱ䣬̶ȵ꣬Ӧòڰͷʪ˰ɡ

ȻѾ·ݣһ¸轵Ŷ䣬ֱ϶Ƥˡ

û˵

ϢȣҲһƬʪʪȵģҲıţ֡
߹ĵطһС̲ˮ¿һۣ֡

ǳȥˮ𣿡

˼СӲϲˮ档
ôԼŪ

ҲСˡ

¶üˣһ䶼شҲҪǻΪء

⣬Ҫǰɣ

»δ䣬еһְֻĸԴ˶ͷɨеǼⰤϣίĴ˳

㲻Ҫˣ




49.  Զ   Ҫһӡ

˵ʱĲ, Ķͣһ¡
Ȼ̧ͷȥʱԱϷһȫʪ͸˵·વµˮ

йһ, ȻѾë

ȻǸոջʱ򻻹·ëͷ
ڶ·, ϻʪ, ֮ǰʲôӡ

ָ, ɱˡ

½ŵһ¾ס֣ʪ, ʣûɡ
ѵһ·ܻģ֮ǰµô

شˡ
˵ˡ

ɡôܳ, , ȴǰͷѴͷǱġ

·

̧ͷ, ½߿۾, β, ֪ǲǱ, ۾һƬʪʪ, Ƕˮ顣

ܻġ
֮ǰʱµô, ָܵжҡ

ǰں, һ¿ľˣ䲻Ҳ˵ػ˫סĵΪʲôҪꣿˣ

˶, ͣʱæѧԺ£ĺææꡣ

ȻΪҲΪæûȥ룬;ãԼȥúҲá

ȻⲻԸȥôᶨľܾҲһζıȣҪվĽǶһ룬ΪʲôԸȥ
ΪʲôԸȥҲԸ˵

Ҳܿá

Ŀѹ¾ʶľͶΪһЩͱһУҲĲͬ

Ϊʲôء
Ļ

⿴Ĭмʮ룬Ȼſڣ˵ոջ·ϣһСӡ
Ϊ賳ܣӼ͵ܳɡʱ򣬱ʪˡ

Ūʪһ㣬ɺְɡ򵽱Żȫʪ͸ˡ
ҲûȫɡĻھ͸Ǳˡ

üͷ£ʣΪʲôҪ͵ܳ
͵͵ģشΪְ˵Ҫˡ

һֻ˳Сè˵룬˳ԸҲ粻

¿۾γŲã˲ͻȻˡ

²᲻ҪġָĶֿһ㣬۾һһֿĸ
һ꣬꣬ûϵҶߣҲ뿪һᡣ

ʹǰ˺ֿܶ࣬ڹԱУûа취ȫĨȥܻãֵñ˶ã˵һӵĺá

ô꣬Сȥˣܺʧȥµһ£ͿƲסۡ
һһɬۡ

һˣҪ뿪ˣҲ
еʱϣߣܶһһ룬һһ֡

ΪʲôҪֱء

㲻ҪΪǸԭңͷԼǰ;
˵һһ꣬һݵһ꣬һ££Ҷȥ㣬һʮһЩڣƽʱпյĻǾƵƵҲܿҵѽ

޷ȥĵôİΪ˵ģӲĵ׵һһˡ

һֻըëģ±Сèµø˳ëøҲܼᶨ
Ҫܳʱһ㡪

ҲԸ⻨ʱ䡣

¿۾ԽԽ죬Ҳܡ
յߣܽܽߵϢͣ˼룬ȻĶ䣬ĸһԶİ

˵ʱôץסһ룬Զ˵
֪Լ̫޷Լ

ŻΪ˲ҪֱһһЩ²ѡ

ڣžԼĻš
硣

ˮôôޡ

¿´һۡ
ȥϴˮ裬Ҫðˡ

ͷʪ͸ˣֻë˲ܳĺ

Ļ˵ͷԡߡ

.

ϴĺܿ졣

ô΢ͷ˵㣬ʱû¡
Ľһ£ȥ

̨ɹ·

ո⻻·Ѿϴˣͣˣ˲٣Ҫ̫ˡ
ʱ򣬿ζˡ

¸ɹһ·ϴͰյһߣתϾһԴ˹
ֱסոɹõ·ϴԼͺˡ

һֻֿϴ·ʵڲĻϴ»
ϴ·ġ

ûϵܿġŲ·ֱִһ¾ͺˣҲʲô鷳£òϴ»

ͣһƵ⼸춼ʲô
˵æѧԺ°ε˵Ҷٻؼˣർֻһ˸ɣԾæһ㡣

Ȼ
ǡ

㶼ûҡæżһ仰ûС

ûһҲװͿȡֵʱ
ѵ֪ڸ𣿡

ˣôϢ
˵ˣͲ֪Ϣʡ

⾹Ȼšһ˵֪

֪ʡ

û˵
֪ԲҲϢίԼ˵ʲôˡ

⡣С֣˶٣ʣǲǳˣ
ûشԹ˵˵ˡ

Ҫʲôʵ

˺ܾã֪ʲôźá
ֱ⡣

ûбԼϲãҲûʲôرҪġ


⼸ûȥ⡣

ǰɽʱ򣬹յĻ̻һ볤棬Сطûе꣬һ棬ǹʽС

ܶºȥҪκε

նѣʲô˲Ĵӡ
һͿˡ

ⲻشִߵ˵Ҫʲô

̧ͷĻش
ʮҲһĶ˵͵͵˵£ԺֻЦ

Ҫ뿪  
ֻãҲҪԱ˺á

һΣʵ뷨

ûҪġ
Ҫֻ¡

ʲôԸ
üҡͷ˵У˵һ

룬ʲôɣôꡭûкúõյ˵
һܿĵ飬ϣҲԸֿܵġ

ɽţ˵
Ҫһӡ

ٿһסӲգգ۾е㲻Լոʲô
Ҳ˲ˣ죬Ҳֻһ̵ڡ



һ˼άԾ̫죬һЦӣ˲Դͱĳͷ

۾˵£ûˡ
ѪԵ׵ˡ

ûԭû̫ӵ뷨һίĺӣʧĸʧȥеˡ

Ĭ˺ܾã۾Ҳ򴽽ǣ۵Ŀǰˣôί̧֣ͷ

ð




50.     ƿص

, ֮ǰֻѧԺԤ᰸ѡҪͨѡΡ
ڰ·֮ǰȷ

֮, һֱܾύ飬ֱֹʱ, д, Ȼȥ

һ

ʮһ죬͵͵˺ܶóԵ, ִӵ궩˸󵰸⡣
ʱһڳæ

Լϵ϶Ūú, ǺĲ, ͷ, ϽҪ
¥ݵϰѧô棬һ볤ԡ

ձһҸ£Լʲô, Ŭʲô

¼ʲô, ҲֳɵĽƤ, һ, ˲ٹ, ǿһ뻹Եĳ档
, ˡ

Աϻŵ⡣

°Ƶǰ, Цź˵Ҳмˣÿ궼档
쳢òóԡ

Լ˶ϲ˳ԵĿġ
ԼģЦӯӯĶ

ֱһԵĸɸɾ

еء²19ڵϣϴ˵ƣ, 棬ĸո衣

ǼȴůȥʽС

¶еףеĸ飬˱ȾҲů

Ը

Ȼֻˣȴ˺ܴĵ⣬Ϊһ϶ϲ
¿յʣ㶼һˣԵµ𣿡

ְϲԶԽԵöԽġ

ͷԼһߣ²Ц˳
Ц£̧ͷһۣôˣ

ûС±Цҡͷ
Ǿáӣĺÿɰ

ôһѾԵĺܱˣӲҪٳһ鵰⣬˵ԼܳԵ¡
Ҳ̫ɰˡ

ҪʳԵСӡ

ͷ˶ɫԲ̫Ȼ
һα˿ɰָое֣˾ò˼˱Ŀ⣬ͷԵ⡣

¼״ּ

кÿɰġ˵꣬ƶĵͷġ

˵ûһٻǶ˵ܺúܺõˣﶼܺá

ԼҲһԣ˼ںâԡ
⿴һۡ

һ룬ﱻݹüâ
̧ͷԼĳ

âͲ࣬еС飬һһ͡
ˣԼԡòӵӣʾҪˡ

.

ʮ㣬⻹æҵ

ǸκμڻԼˣʲôʱ˵һ
ѧϰŬһͣЪ¡

ͻȻ䣬һӹˡ

⶯һ٣ʶ濴ֻҲһƬǲͣˡ
¡±ʣվͣСһ㣬Ҫˤˡ

¸ոջںһ飬ǰͻȻȥӦȥϲ

⺰һûӦһŴֺһ¡

߲̫ϰĺڰȴΪûµĻӦ˲żˣվƾŸоߡ

ӭһֻ˹

²ᣬû֪ʲôʱſڵġ
ţһץס֣ս˺󣬲˵㲻Ҫȥǲբˡ

Ϊ͸ڷĹʶֻǷû˶ѡ

Ҫȥǰǰܽ˵բ

һ˵ŲͣסŴ⣬ͷǰˡ
ܲҲ̧ͷ۾ߡ

лҪ˵
ڡ

Źȥʮ룬ҹһļž

˵ҴӦ㣬ġ

СȴѾǹ˺ܴ֮բڿŵƵʱʲôҡ

֣˳ƸҲż⣬Сĺ˵
ҡբˣͿ˵ơ

ϴ˯£·ȵʱ´˯ȹȹֻڵһ㣬Сϸϸһڼ档

Ƥϻԡ㣬ŷһƮڱǼ⡣

ŵڲͣ˺üС
㡭᲻᣿

һ䣬ըԴ¡һ

ڰʱһȥϢƺܾöûеȵĻش
µŽżⶼˡ

һһͻȻסĺһϢͳķɿ죬쵽¶ܸܵĳ̶ȡ

ᡣ

µʱһ͵͵Ļش

.

峿Ӵ϶˽

һĵĺ

ۿŵˣ»û˯ѡ
ֻһСѩ׵Ƥ¶ڿϸһС̺ӡ

˯žȣ±𣬲õİ̺Ʋˡ
һ˫̺ӣָϡ

Ʋٸǡ
ü͸֪һ

ڣˡ

ֻϺȣȵ󱳶Ѿ˱ۿԼϵıӣһֻѹűӽǵ֡

˸ֵΣɳĮյգȴźްôҲѲ
ԭԭġ

⣬֡ü

ͻŭ֪Եɡ
̧ۿ

֪֪°ѱһƿѹ֣ûʲôһҲű˳ȥ

ҵأ顱һ

ʶ˴롣
һۣŷӦ۵üȴסСС˿ǸεĿ

°Ͱ͵ȥס֣ҡҡͷĺǸ˵۲۰
Ҳǹġ

ĲǡСǿ

ϵȱݣѾ飬Ա޷ͻ£ȴѾܾ󷽷ȥ

ܳªԱȴҲڿģ

ʢεϲʶ͸¶ӡ
бصĸо

գգ۾ǰŲŲֿһۣȻֱһǡ
ˣĵǸˡ

µ˵ʱͻȻֱѹס
һǿҵռ޷ǿƣ²ԾҲͬǿƣΪŮӣ޷ᵽġƿص

ɿʱ۾Ƕţպ͸ˣͰ͵ĿڣҴˡ
ڳϴ󣬿Լ֪Լ˵ʲô

ϷҪŶӡ˵

á¹ԹԵĵͷ

˶٣˵ۡ
˵˵ʵÿһ䣬ǵãҲش

ɿ֮ǰֻı˱
ĸоˡ

찡·ԼϲȥţôȣѾ˽

ֻСèƵģ°ʹ䴦γֺˮһһ˵װͬѧһԶġ

ǻһӶһ
òá




51.     㡣

ɹõγĻᡣ

¿ѧ, ڰѮҪˡ
ûлؼңͼ˵һ䣬ûжʡ
ϾҲڼ, »زȥû̫

һֱǰϦ

ϾŵĻƱ, ͺ, Ÿ鿴û©
Ҳûڹ֪ʲôرҪע, ֵǱ߹ϰߣί, ѹ, ȴʲô˵

ϾһȫȻİĵط
ײǡܷ㡣

ϴ˵绰, ˵ǱʶһѣǰĹѾǱߴ˺ܳһʱ, ҪʲôѺ, 

ǰϵʽת⡣

㿴, һ֮ϵôˡ
·¹Ц, ˵ǹˡ

ֻǵͷšһ

¾ѹû˵ʲô, ǷӦġ

˵ҷÿ춼ʱ, ʲôʱҷϢ, ûյĻȸһ䣬ҾͲϢƵˡ

һΪ

峿üϣëȣ۾ʢ⣬Ҳʢ
⣬㲻׼ްָ۽ɨɨ, ׼һ͵͵Ŀޡ

ǴӲ¶ˣйµϣܺۿ
Ҳ᲻ҲֱԼ飬뵽ж 

ֱ

²ϣλãÿһµסǣĴš
ĺһֱһ쿴

˵ҪޣԼȴ̲סˣգ۾˲
ŬӣίͰ͵Ŀ˵һģرر롣

̫ˣڵһ㶼Ӧϣȱһĸоֻʱųĵϡ

Ҳĺܽ

ǸĿ뿪ʧԼߵһѾ￪˵ʱ

.

ȥѧķãʵԼпǮŹȥġ

һСʻǮ˻ʣ£½һ㡣

ʲôûҪ

֮ǰʱʲôû˵ֱ˵˵¹ˣ²Լİ﷢п
ʱֱҪˣϾ͸绰ȥʱǱЦ˵ôˡ

֪ͻȻ绰ô¡

ǻûʲôɾҲʲôûУòŻҪš
ȻƴѧϰƴĴ򹤣ǶΪʲô

ֻû˵Ϊ֪Լû취ܾ
˵ʲô˵á

Ѿʰˡ⣬ĶҲˣǵ䣬ͦõġ

ո㿴

ﻹпȴһ±˹ȥ˳ŻǱôҿԤ˵꣬¶Ҳͦ͵ġ

ʵʱվڴϣˮδڲϣͷ˵꣬Ҷഩһס

Ѿ·Ҫġ

ȵĸ¯һҪ䣬ˬܶ࣬رһ꣬һ꣬͸ˡ

ţãԡЦſ˵ϵĸƱؼҡ

а¾Ϳѧˣ£ܵûؼһˡ

Ǳߴ˵ƺں֪չȥкܶҪæҶţˡúչԼͰѵ绰ˡ

.

ķһ·ʮ¡

˵ʮ¹ȥȴʳˡ
սѧʱϽһ˺ţһЩƽʱԼֻĻԵ£Ҳûһ¡

ϸĻһŮǷĪͻˡ
һ¹εͣǰﻭкܶ쿪ʼױ

вٵĹҪ̸ǩԼ¡

ûǩԼʲôģڵҲ棬ûдӦ
ѧУҲ֪£˵ϣѧУһ

û취ܾڹڵʱҲռˡ

ϸƵʱ»ѧԺ
ʱѧԺѾûˣ¥յģֻмյڹš

˸ͤ£ŵƹ⣬ͷ䴽Ц˵⣬ҹû취ȥˡ

˵ƵǱߺЦ۾˲û˹Զ׼ľɥ

¿飬ļһ£ǸεĲС
ⲻҪѹˣѹһѹġ

ô᲻أŷֿһȴѾһãƵҲܱһ

º˵ǰʱǼ£˵ڵ紫£һҹ֮䣬񵽴ܿ֡
ֻõҲҺôĶĻû˵ƬȻҪܶෳպ鷳ˡ

˵ţȴǱû̧ͷڿʲô
⡣ź֡

һ̧ۿ˹

һ¡˵һ䣬۾ֱ£û˺󻰡

һ˵ס͵
»谵ƹ£Ҳպ
Ǹǻ⣬Ȼһ죬ԺĻ棬Ǿñʻ

ֻıӰ
ɽˮˣӰ毺ã쳣ĺгʤ

Ƕۣ˵кӵıӰÿһʶŨİ⡣
һϲϲкӡ

˵ûԿЩ۵ʱ¶Ĭˡ

£㻹ȥ𣿡¥»˵ôˣȥɡ

һ

ﾯʣ
ǱߺܺڣΪֻ档

ѧԺء°ֻýһ㣬ҲԶ·߰˷Ӿ͵ˡ

£һ߰ɡǸں
̧ͷ˰֡

ãԼȥ

ִţָָ棬˵ȥſڵ
ڰһͬѧǺڣ֮ǰصʹҪ΢ţܾˡ

ܾ˺ܶΣ
Ҳû취ˡ

ƵǱѾƲһӣ¿̲סЦ
ҪңҪҲû취

ͣ˼룬Ƶ⹰˹ӣ˵ҵº˵ڶңñңȻˣҵġ

ˣҲʹ

˵ɷ£Ǹɷһ

ƵţҿȥҲġ
֪ˡ¹ԹԵĵͷվ˵ھͻȥ

ǸȻ

ָƵ˵ںƵĻҪɫְףû˵ʲôҲûмˡ

˱߱˵
ŵʱ˵ùƵˡ

ʱеӦö׼ϢˣҪǻƵĻŵǵġ
£㡣ҵƵǰ͵͵Ĵ˹ƳڷĶ

Щʱ䣬İĻİԣѧϰѧϰ˷ÿһӡ
ûôƴ

Ҳû֪ж

Ϊܼˡ
˵˲ޱȵ⡣

¿Ĭ˺ܾãȻ̧֣ͷ
Ҳ㡣

һӣԶۣ˼ǲܱġ
Ϊ𣬲Ż±ø




52.  Фپ   ʲô

ʮһµ׵ʱ, ºһȥݳ

ǰʱμ˴ѧĽ磬ѧ˲£ѧУл, ˡ

˵֮ǰûԼϲʲô, ֱ˽֮, ŷ֣ԭԼ, ôȤ

µʱں̨ױ, ԶԶĳ°, ȻϢ, ˵ȥ̨µ
˸λá

µͷӦ

λڵڶţ߸
¸ûãФپԱˡ

˵ͷк
ʢͬѧ, ּˡФپЦú顣

ͲǺ, еʱ򻹼, ڶ˴ѧ, ѵüˡ
ֻû뵽, , Ҳ
˵һӦöλá

ǼԱ۾ɴ, ֱ͵͵Фپ߿Ҳұ۵̫ǾȺ﷢Ϣ

壺찡찡ǲʶ˼ңʶĻܽܣһأ@¡
ģ̫ˣȫҵĲˡ

¸оֻһֱ, 򿪿һۣϢͬѧѣһġ

ڰͷ֮ͬѧ˵Уѡ

˰ɣһͺܻġ

ḻһһѶˣ˵еʱм

úÿ˾ЦˣֱǺĺ

ȺĵȻ죬ФپͻȻ̧ͷǰ棬Ӻתͷ£ʵ
ǺѰɣ

ѵòЦ⻰ʱе

ʢҫ۵Ůӣ꼶ʶҲǺܶİ¹⣬ߵˣȴԶԶ
ǰǰ

µͷӦһ

ǲǡФپʼ룬ȥļ䣬ԼԺ
еʱ۹ɫǣ

ɫǣ

Ҳʼ룬ԥֱФپӿڴͳССһļűһЩ
й

еʱ򣬶СӺɣϲһˣ͸ۺܶǻǧֽףһȫͳȥѾԼİ⡣

еûôɣ뵽ϲˣ˵һһСǣеİע档

¿ֻۣǺżĻһš
ûп˵Ҫۺܶ͸˭

֪ˡФپһ䣬ûٽˡ
̨ϱѾʼΧһФپǣȻֽϵģŮ塣

.

ĽĿǵڶ

ѵõĻһ¡  
ҵһôǰݣĽˣˡ

һеСҲһβСͻơ
ʱ򲻾ã˾ķɿ졣

䣬߿˿ͷС˵ոФپʲôǵ¡
£Ӧķɿ죬ȵĶȻۡ

¿ķӦӺˡ
ʲôǣ̲סʡ

ܶʵҲûк˵ϲФپ£ҲǵŸġ
²ǸԵˣʱϲ˭棬ֻһһѧϰϡ

öˣЩɵ£˵ò˼رִ˼꣬벻ͨԼǰô¡

˵ѾˣҲȥˣФپΪʲôҪʣ

СҺ񡭡ûͳȥ

ʱϲ͵͵ĿФپرķʽע⣬͵͵罻˺ţ˽İãһĶӪһµļ

еʱƯŮϵܺãϴѧȥͬһУҪ׵죬ȦһŮĹİ

˵ʱºܳûйϲ

ǸŮÿʣ֮ﶼã˵еʱФپһҵ͸˰ףФپӦˡ

ͬǰ˼ҵİõ˽ȴֻܰϲԶˡ

ǵôˣ
벻ףֻͨǶѰ

̨һѾһж÷ӡ
ʲôе΢죬Һ̨ױأϸҲ

µ֣üͷҡͷ̧ʱǰλԶĵطФپһֱڿ

ֻǿţҲ˹䴽ЦЦ
һЦ޴룬ŵգգ۾߲ܿٿֳôˣФپȴЦţûƿߡ

ʲô

.

ڶѧУ̲衣

Ŀ֮¾ͺǻȥˣ˵һȥԸġ
ûᡣ

̾˿˵㲻һȥķɿ𣿡

ʱǸ޵׶գһ꣬ٹһԪԪ֮ǳϦˡ

¸ոⷢϢֻ˳Ļ˵ͷ

ںߵĳϣķ绹ů⣬ķ
֮ǰ¡

֪ɣɸԼġ
ʱھƷ￴ֽģúÿȥˣĵʱдһЩ

硪

Фپ촩һ£úÿ
Ծʱ͵͵һĴ⿨꣬û˷֡
Фپ˵ˣ

ÿдһһţֽջۣԽԽࡣ

ģǴΣ԰λĶͬѧȥһƬ棬ӶˣҲûҵ

ʵûôҪΨһĹФپ
Ρ

ɺ룬ôɾͱФپأŬôζû
һ˵濴Ҳ֪

ûдϡ֡
Ҳ֪˭

ȵһ֪˵ʲô𣿡

ʱһҵͺ͸ڰĶ΢һˣˣΪһǶ΢͸ġ

Ǻô͵Фپ֪ФپЩ𿪵ֽһŰǰЦ˵дЩŮӦͦɰģͻȻеϲôɰŮˡ

ФپͶ΢һ𲻵ͷ֣ڴѧٽ˵ڶŮѡ
˶΢ƭ

ǶۣҲּ

Фپû̫£ֻǲϲƭǾͷˡ
ûҪȥǺǵˣ˾ûԵ֣ûҪᡣ

ֱǰһλΪУѣҲһ㡣
е֣Ը񰲾ϲ˵ʱ˵Īͺ죬˵˻֧֧ᡣ

ӦþԸԭФپûж롣

ֱһ죬÷ֽǣФپú棬ôŪŻţֽڴ
ȥ֮ǰФپͿˣд֡

Щֺ˶ФپȥȥЩСһЩٶ񶼺ˡ
ԭĸһɰ

ϸˣФپʱ˿ڣֻҸطԼȥ

ЩǲҵģȻֱǲϲڻϲϲҡ
ФپԽʣľԽɤʱ챬ըˣǺûйֱܵˡ

ȥһˣֱû

뻹ľսϽ˿̲ѹѹ
ϲôãûʲôˣһ϶룬һǵڶ΢أ

ԼҲûк˽ФپܳϲֵСĲǰںܶ෽˵綡΢
ûÿûÿʡ

΢а꣬Ҫֻа£ǻûйĺá
ףԼֵá




53.     ˡ

㿪һʼʱ, ѩˡ

ǰϲѩ죬Ϊѩʱ˵ĵطرʹϺĴʹ
̫ϰˡ

ϰ߹ϰ, ʹʱ򣬻̲ˡ

֮, ˺ܶࡣ
ǰһһĥ, ÿʹʱ򣬶Ҫһšʢ¡ֲܻ

㿪ʼ, һյ뺯

յ˺ܶڴ˵Լ
֪Լж죬֮ǰͼݵʱ͵, Ͼʹ˺ܶϢ

Zϵ, 2016ĸ߿״Ԫ

Ǹϲ, Щûдŵ
ʱƽ

֮ЩԶˡ

һսܡ
˵ǾգҪ뷨ϵѧμ, Ŀﶼˡ

ⲻΪʲôҪԼ, רҵ֮, ܹϵӵˡ
˼֮, ˡ

ɺܼ, ˵Լڹ, ĿǰѧҵΪ, ʱЩ

⿴Ŵѩ
֮ǰÿ춼ϢпջƵڸ˰ĵطҲֵԼķʽ

ԶڣܾԶ, Ķһġ

Ϣ
Ϣ٣Ҳ٣һƵѾǰ

˵û¡

û𣬻ȴԸ

סڸڵͬѧʼǣֻĲɣ̲ס٩˵ˣףָʲôʱ͸ˡ

ԸƧƽʱѧϰѧϰѧϰ֮⣬˭֪иϲĲ˵Ůѡ
еϢʱ䶼ںŮƵ

⼸쿴ĵˣԱòɵӶܲµ϶ΪǸСŮѡ
˵ֱףҪֵġ

俴һۣѱʼӻس
衣

𰡣ҿЦλͬѧżˣӰóƻ
ƽҹ˵

ֿģûƻΨһһŮҲûˣ˺£Ըƻ
ϾͬΪйˣͬ磬Ҳʥͻů

ҪǱʼǱ
ıʼдĺã࣬׶ɹۡ

⿴һۣӹƻŹˡ

Ρ
ã׳˱Ÿ

֪ŮѡţͲˡ

.

ǰһ졣

ûνĺҲûб춳صĴѩɺĶĶˡ
ӼΧ˺ΧסĴ߹ι

ֻһֱ죬ͣ½Ųʾԥ£ǽ˵绰

С°绰Ǳ˼Ҽе⺢ô绰أ
ţڼҡ»ͷһۣʰö

ɫãҲ͵͵ġ

Ҹطס㡣˼һＱУһС´һ㣬ҪԱϾˡ

֪µʱ򣬵һĵľ¡
ڷźˣûطȥҪô죬ۿϾҪˡ

ţû¡żԶִˣñۣһ㶼˼Ϊܿࡣ

ԼǮҲչ˺Լ֮ǰûҪпĻȻ࣬Ӧǹġ

£ŵģ㲻ž㡣

˱ʡӱʱ޷סٽأһŮӣ޹ʣǮô
µ£ǮͶסġ

̬ȺǿӲҪţ۵ĲҪ޳

գգ۾ëµĶǱġ
һǰںۺٻؼҺ͸ͬѧۻ£һں˼ңȴ޼ҿɹ顣

а¾ǳϦˣӦ⣬ɵ¹ȥ
һʳԣһҪʳԡ

²ŵģǴӦ˵ĳƱȥġ

ſڵȳ˸˵䣬ԸȺĿˡ
ʶµģ仹ΪǳȥΣûʲôĵط

ҡҡͷֻ˵˾䡰лл

źů˺ܶࡣ
˺ܾúͷ༭΢ϢɾɾܶΣŷ˳ȥ

Ƿ⡣

˵ٲȥΪҪμΪһ¶ѵһ棬ܶõֻ
ⲻҪģһпվͻϵġ

±ӱͨ죬ֻؾ𶯷Ž

ڵĴеѣֻʱģôԶĵطزûҪġ
ֻƭˡ

ºѣڵ£ֲԡ
ֻȷʵúϵ

⿴ǶϢʱѾϾŵࡣ

һæԣֻػˣڲŴ򿪡
һûʲôϢˣͻȻôһι

һ¿
üͷ

ϾǳϦˣôѵʱ
뵽⼸췴ı֣س˺ܾú󣬸ִ˸绰ȥ

ûֱʣֻ˷ַźûУ
Ǳ糣ʲô̫

˵ѧУе£Ҫܻȥ

ҵ˵绰
ˡ

.

żһСس

ʱĳƱºòһվƱ³֮תͣһСʱŵżҡ
·³ʱѾࡣ

Сʱһһסϸкѧҵæֻйš

Ȼܾûˣ·Ǽǵõġ

С꣬䣬䲻ôɡǴ˶صñӣһһ¥ϵıš

ķϡϡɢɢͬС죬תȦҵ˵ط

¥

Ǵŵ䣬ʰԼеĶҪá
Իͦġ

ż¥һ¥ߣŵ¥Ѿֱ۷ᡣ
ʵûˡ

Ϣӣҧҧּߡ

յſڣ׼ʱô򿪡
šºһ

վſڣº˼£۵ᵱ
һĺͰ飬ˣǸ˵ģȴ̲סʪۿ

ôҲ˵һȥ㰡
ɵԼĬĬ͵ˣ꣬һ

䡣ҪҡҡͷۣҪԼ
Ǽ¶ô࣬ô䣬ֻô㣬ֶġ

ֻ֣һ£ϾͻȥҪ·
ûпյҲûůߵõȡůʽǿ

һֳֺĴްһ˫ë޵Ь¸Ͻϡ
ȰԼϿȣǧˣﲻȳڼҲҪഩ

¹ԹԵĵͷŸĺ·ºĴ˿ʣ⹫أ
ȥȥˡ˵ûʲôرԵģϴ绰⹫

ʲôŶ

ҡҡͷ
Ҷϲ

⺢ӴСͶͻȻҲԹԵģ޲֣СŮ

סµ֣̾˿

پͰס಻Сӹܵʱ򣬶Ҫ롣

š¹ԹԵĵͷӦ




54.  ѹ   ¡

2018Ϧ, ʢҹõ͹ȵµһΡ

ҵףвƲʡ, û취ϵϡ
賣겻ڼңǵ¾, Ҳ, ֻʱᶨ룬һжȥġ

ʲôû, ֻҪ軹ڣ˻, ǾͶûйϵ

ǰЦŵ, Ϊ֪Ѿܵİ, ˼һҪĵԼ

Ϧҹһģ¼պѹ֣Żðһò, ҹʱ, ˼µ, Ц˵СҲҪĵİ

ֻһŮ, ֻһŮ, ʮ, ˴, ֳСӣŮ

ԼʹҪ⣬Ҹͨƽƽһ˵, ȥ

һϣ軹һ̶Ӱ졣
Լ뷨ҪԼ£ŲҲҪʲô

ΨһŮСĳ󣬸֮ϾǷЩʢκξ֡

Ҳ¶Ը
ܼǿҲһҪʱ½£ܵϢʱ𾪺͵⣬ûп޹

û޴룬ԼԼš

СسǲУôϸ̻ʮ˷̻
ҹʱ̻˲硣

תͷ⿴
̻𵽿УըѤõĻȥʮӣ̻ûκҪµơ

׼ȥ˯˸¡
Ҽǵ˵ǰһСӣǲǣ

»عͷʵĻɫЩ͡
ǡ

ôˣģֻΣûˣֻǸոͻȻеȥ

ǳϦҹСûмˣҲûκεˣǼҳ£ȥء
ܸиطȥ

£˵ڹأⶼʥϦġ

Ŷʥѽڡ

ǹǼҵĺӣŸ
תȥ˸

ѹǮһҪУҪƽƽ󡣡

ƽƽ
ҲõףԸ

ĿĪЩᣬߴ˺üתڿڣӦãһתġ

С£˯
˯ˣµһʲôġ

.

һ̻ûͣڴϷȥû˯á

賿ĵ˯ʱҪʮ㡣
򿪴һƬ

ѩˡ

سǵѩµúܰѩ֪Ѿأ¥СӴһѩ̣Ц
´Ÿ˯£ýģվڴ濴

ͷϷŸĺ

˵Ҫѵһ£ʱһֱϵÿҲʱڿ飬⹫졣 

ʱԶڹ⣬ʲôأ

º˵˵ֻƵ￴һ޴ı֮һжİ
ʵǲ£ֻûбֳ

°£һزǰԼ߲Ժ

һ·ƽƽ˳˳ɳĺӣԽļͥκ̫ĵǣҲûнһ졣

ڴվ˺ܾãֱźзŻع

һ˿ˡ

Сسﶼϰݣرǳһӣܹϵײ׽Ҫݷðݷá
¹ź³ʱ򣬾Ϳɳ˺üˡ

ʶ

̿£۾ˡ
ﳤðװ׾ģģĿŶã㴩һʽ£ˮĺܡ

˭˲ϲ

Ůɡɫްİ̿һ䡣
ŵͷӦһӳˮһһ½ܣˡ

ϣ⻹Сʱһأڶôˡ
ԽԽÿ

ǽ°ɣ𣿡һɫ£Ŷ̾Ị̇ԣֱЦǺǵĿ£񶯶һ¡

ӽմѧҵûŮأϲܸܲԼҶǣʲôġ
û»شֿԼҶ

ҶӺģ175أ꿼˹ԱһȥǵλЩСﶼˡ
Ա룬ĸŮ˲Ķ԰ţҪ˵

Ƭ㿴ô㣬Ƭ϶ϲˡ
԰ôġ

Ҫƽʱ¾ֱӷˡ
ɽǴһżңַھӵģƣĬĬ£ʲôû˵

ڳзڰȥ¥ϣϽˡ

ѩѾͣˣϻ˺һ㡣
ûԶֻ¥תת

ĺ֣ˣ·һϲɫ˼棬˵һ䡰á
ķΧܵȾǰĴڵĻӦûܸˡ

䰡
ֽŶˡ

һ紵²˸£⺮Уۡ
ѾôˣӦöѾ˰ɡ

׼ؼҡ

¥ݵʱھۣ˵ܲһ㣬ʪֱܶҹ£п±

úܶ˰ɡ
뷨һ

.

ֵķΧ˺ü죬һֱ壬ӭЩİ

ڵ΢š

һȥ͵˺ܶϢһЩȺϢ⣬ǷĹףһѣ˲δͱ99+
һȺϢ·

ڿǰⷢһϢ

ֽˣഩ·Ҫ
˵ҪѵʲôûֻںճϢҲ֮ǰûʲôͬ

¿ϢĬ˺ܾã۾ˡ

ظϢţ֪ģഩ·

ϢշȥǱ߼Ѹٻ˹
ѵ𣿡

ĪЩСͷһۿ
ŴǣһͣӺ󣬲Ŵֻظȥ

ûС
ʱлõֻ

Ǳء
жã

ʵܾûкϵˣҲ֪òжۣҪһֱҪô죿

һţ绰ȥ

⣿Ằ֡
ǱƺӦһ˵еʱ䣬˵˵

ǱߴЩٵĺһ״̬ƺ̫ƽȡ

¡𣿡Сѯ˹
˵ܵͣ⣬һĨϸ΢Ŀǻɼʹ⻹˳

ǣûشе󡣡˵ţȥѴˡ
ֻԶһЩһ

һ£ѵ𣿡ʣܻؼҹꣿ
ĶûжʣֻСĵٴȷ

˻ѣҲ룬ֻᡰšһ

ǲҪ̫ˣҪעϢ
ĺɣ

û˵ԼһڰУش˵Ԥǡ

ĬƬ̣Щڴ˹ʲôʱ

ʲôʱ
Ҳ֪ô

ѧпˡ²˵Ļᣬֵˣٸ˵ˡ

úö飬̫ҡ
У֡

á
ǱĴӦһ䡣




55.  ȴ   Լһ㣬òã

⼸˱

ԤһһǿҵԤ, ֮£ĩҪһжƵġ

еƺϾ

ҵž, °ѴصĽģ˵ʲôҲ̤Ű벽
ŴɡҵĻš

̫, 漸Ѿˡ
, ˭Ը

һֱ죬⹫˯, ³˯Ͻȥӵ绰

ιǱߴϤ
, һ¡

Ƿ֡

һ, ˵¡

֪ΪʲôͻȻ绰, һֲ̫õԤУüͻͻ˼¡
ֻ⼸Ǵһػ״̬Կϵ, Ŵżҵ

Ҳ֪ҵĺ롣

ʲô𣿡ʡ

Ǳ߷ֳĬ, ˵û, ֻǿ㷢Ϣһֱûء
ü, ȻҲ绰

ʲôϢ
ǡ

ֻͣסˡ
Щڵ绰Ҳ˵, ֻܸ΢ſɡ

´Ӧá, ͹ҵ˵绰

ֻص䡣

ֻڴͷĳ, ػüˣ˲ͷϵ磬Ȼ󿪻

ָʮϢӼǰʼ½½ϡ
ӵһʼ

տʼǷѯĽ, Ӧ֪﷢£ȴֲ֪ôʡ
Ȼ˵¥¿⡣

֪ģһڶڹ⣬Բܳ

ַ⼸ֵʱ򣬷ַһͼƬ
µ㿪

ǷվԼҶ¥ĵ¥¡
ʮ׵ľ룬һƬѩããƬĲ̫ԣһ۾Ϳվڼſڵ˵ıӰ

˴һɫ޷վ¥£ɫѾ谵Ӱĺɫ±ĺԶѩˮ̤ʪŢ

ÿ춼ȣʱҹҹվţڶϡ
ҷֵʱһǰ֮ǰӦѾܾˡ

ַϢһֶƽ
Ϧҹ죬񿴵ˣʱ̫ȷֱĿվ

ʱ̫ˣر컹˱ִĵȫоĺᡣ

ֲȥȰ˵ʲôֻ֪ܰ¸£֪
ʲôˡ

･𾪣˫ֿƲסĶ£ȻƬŴٷŴ
⣬⡣

ʱΨһһκϵǼǰǸ绰
绰ǲĺ䡣

СûҪá

ֻûᵽԼģ£ʲô

ǰǲĺ䡭ôʱ򣬾ڷѩվţģСĵ
ڼôأѽ

ж䡣

֮Ȼ˺ܶ࣬ҽ˵עⱣůʱֻ꣬ۺۡ

Ѿˣǲ֪죬ٸСʱʲô֪;ĵ
ûĿյĵȴǶô

뵽Ŀ۾Ƭβ죬£Ҳ̲סĿ˳
ĶĿۣ۵ɬžžવ䡣

.

¿˺ܾá

ֱʱذеĳΡ
ԭһεĸͻ𳵶ʱͣˣҲֹͣƱ˵Ҫָܵõȵˡ

ͨϵͳȫĽȡ

زȥڻزȥ
˵˵̲̲룬ͨôûһᱻס粽С

һжôѣһǽǰ棬ôܶԽȥ

Ϊ˺ܾã۾Ǻģβ޵еףߵ̨ϣĵ绰ȥ
溮һ˲Ӳ˽ȥ˸һǱ߾Ѿͨ˵绰

£Ǳе㲻´ĵ绰
˲䣬ˣֻŬš
һγõĳĬ

ֱֺһ֡

⡣ڿڣʱ򡭡ʯ汻˶ã
Ĭ롣

ܾá˵Ӻҹ졣

ٵʱǺҹ˯ɳ£оʱţֻ֪Ӻҹ˰죬ȻǺҹ졣

û˻иǿ־ôҲľģʹ࣬Ҳһ˳

²£
¡

ǡ۲ۣ
ۡ

ʵ档

סֻͲԶˣСĳ

֪ܹܶĿ࣬ǰڣһֱܿ࣬Ҳû˱ǿǿ󵽿߹еĿࡣ
ڣ¶ֱ֪ԸȰסġ

ȣһֱȣȵΪֹ

⣬ĺ۵ʱǲҪôҲԼһ㣬òã
ſǻʮԡ

ϣֻ֪һУҲֻۿĲңʹ˻Ѫܵ޿κΡ
áĴӦ

ʱվʢ¥µԱߣ̧ͷ¥·Ĵĵģ紵ûдһ˿Ĳ

һֱ֪ƭ
ɼʹƭҲûʹһ䣬ûдƹ

֪ʲôӲ֪ǼȻˣΨһģֻеȴ

⣬ж±ˣҶúڼţš
ţ֪Ӧһ

ԷûУ
ûзԣȴôƽĹԷûС

ֻøѹ
˵ģԱˡſǻСش

˵еˣ˯ˡ
ãϢɡû˵ʲô

ҵ绰¿ֻĻգգ۾̧ͷԶȥ
ʱ̫С̫Ϊıһطʹ粽С

·еĳǿܿ߸ٵĻСʱҲˡ

뵽תͷ˷䣬ϻ·˰¥ܡ




56.     ص˵ֵ

µеʱ, Ѿĵࡣ

һ·ߵĹΪ, ҿ̫죬ԶൢһЩʱ䡣

ŵʱ򱣰Щϲ, ˵ôڼ, Ȼ˵Ǹкվ, 캮ضԷ, ôס

һֻֽ߬ס, ²ȵÿ֨֨, һңŵſڵķȥ

ҵʱţڻȥʱ, һ㶼ûб䡣
ԺֵĻѩҵĿ첻, Ϊ, Ľ¼š

ſûˡ

ͣ½Ų, ܿ, Ŀһҹȥ, κһط
ֱȦ, ȷⲻڡ

ʱɫѾͣˣֻˮ䣬ϣĲˡ

ͻȻ֪ô졣  
Ŵ˰Сʱ, ָѾýӲûڵĲӸ쬵ģѵڴվԭء

ǰȴȥ룬ӦҲĻѾ˰ɡ
ԸȰӦһܺõ£ֻȥء

ǰվԺ¶ꡣ
óֻĵ绰롣

Ҫȥʱȴԥˡ

ڻ᲻Ϣ
ôÿ϶ûкúϢҪΪϢĻúεġ

˺ܾã»ǰַֻŻ˰

.

㣬춼Ĳˡ

²֪ǱĻǰ޹ԭ۾䶼ˣǰ·ϵñӶ
ֻͻȻ¡

һ˳
ɿϢʾǡ𡱵֣˲Щʧ

찡֪ҽ˭𣿶΢
ҽһ仰Ķ˵ꡣ

Фپ֮ǲ㴰ֽͱƺǵĹϵͱЩ΢
ϣǺųԸ¸ңҲ״Եȶ鷢ıʱͿʼ

ֺܲ

ФپֻҪ࿴һۣͻ˵ЦʱͿʼ

ٴѧУذеʱФپ죬Ȼͬһ೵·ϵʱǲüŮѣ˵Ѿûôϲˡ

ФپǴֱ򣬲һĨǣԽмܲסԽˡ

մӹùüһ·ͬѧ˵һۣȱ̲裬˭֪յ̲꣬˶΢

΢ҲƯǸСŮ˲ͬһģ˵㲻ʶ˭֪ȸ̲裬ȴѿڿ

ԾǱĵԡ

˵Фپʵ֣˵Фپжϲ˵ʱǿҡ
ָգϢȥȻأ

ҲǸţ˵˵ͦõģ벻ôġ

Ȼ׼ߵʱФپҲˣͬѧʹ϶΢ϣˡ

ФپԸãԵҲãͬѧôЦʱȴһ˵˭ٺ˵һԡ
Фپ˾ûܡ

⻰˵΢ģ֮ʲôһӣôôѿ
ȻФپ˵׷һŮӡ

Ǳ׷Фپûʱͬѧô˵Ȼһš
ڸʱѧУҪըˡ

Ǳ˵˺ܶ࣬ԼĻݣһĶǡ

Ȼ˵Ѿȫңȥˡ
һζԻ

ΧѾװ

ƺʲô̧ͷɡվǰ·ڡ
ԶԶĿɫֻҲ£ԭء

±ͷֻﱻսӺ̧ȳ˹ȥ
ǰʱͣ

ھǰɡɡ⣬̧ͷһƬɵģѾۿˡ
ܹ꣬ʵӦúǱ

ʵҲ

ҪôڣӦҪ͵ģ룬֪Ҳǽ͡
ôãһֱһֱȣͺôĳ̬һ

ƣ룬ίƭʧôòΨһϣģҲֻǼѡ

̫ˣû뵽жãٶõĴʶû취ݵġ

ʢҷʲô£ַʲô£һ㶼֪޷ϵҹعʱڴ⣬ŷһƬ

ǳϦҹ˵ǸƯСǰ뿪ˡ

ǷѵǼôᰲһûС

֪µ¾Ǳ
Ҳϵͺ綼ˣҲ㷽

εĲˣö໰ߴת־˵ٶ඼ͽ͡
ûڣɫ£͵ʵص˵ֵ𣿡

￩һ£Ȼ۾۵Ŀڽһ¡

ôõĵȴ˭᲻úء

ô˵ɡȴб˹
ʲôҲڼˡ

ͷϴñӶڵ۾ˣһܿͷ
ҡͷƴҡҡͷСڣǣ´ˡ

ôء
ôҪ֡

һֱ뷨Щ죬ѹ̬ȵġ
°Ѽ¼˵һ飬ΪԼҲǺû˵̫ࡣ

ĺֿܲ˳˵㣬㵣ġ

Σû˵

ͻȻδˣˮ²Ӷһ¡
ְɡб£˵ߣȥԷ

˵⻰ûǣˣǰ·ǣġ
ɽ룬ִɡû취ǣ

С￪ſյһȥΧŵůȺġ
ǰ³ݣС˺ܶˣϰﶼʶÿζк

СŮþûˡϰЦǺǵģ±ɣĿɺˡ
ҲûҪʲôԡ

ûʲôˣǲûӣϰͰˡ
ڵģ˱ǡ

ӣҪԣ⿴ûҪӵ˼

¶Ҳͣסֿʣôԣ
ⶢ۾üʮ룬ȷǶġ

Լļе
ҳԹˡ

ºɵĿ
úóԷθ˶Լ嵱һ£ĳŲסˣҲֻЩ伢

üͷԼĻ˹
ԣһ㡣

ԱϰϴƳۿ̲סЦ˳
ϲ±ӵӾˣôȥģܹ

±˵Ĳ˼ˣ򴽽ǣͷֱӳ

һ·ʲôûгԣֱһҲꤣ̵ܴҲˡ
ͳˡ

˼¸ϽҪ뿪

ͣˣֻз绹ڹΣɡһסµñӣԴֵʵʵ
ǰȴͻȻͣ½Ųعͷͷײϣһײˡ

⣬ûкۣ̫⣬˺ܶ࣬䣬ۣθ

ҡͷ

ȴʲôѹ£Ҫôࣿ
۾޺ˡ

ʲô޳;ĿƵô
һʣ¸̲סˡ

ûСţ˵Ϊָңȡ




57.  Ϲ   Ҳ

, ʢǸǿˣǸоĶһ˵εŮӣٿ, ҲòҪޡ

˵Ϊ޵۾, ˲, һеί͵ȴɢˡ
ֻҪٲľҪȱˡ

ŵ绰ƽ, ֪Σȴʲôʡ

ʢ¡ͻȻ֡
ʶӦһ, 漴̧ͷ, ʱ, Դϵñӱһֻ־ס·ʶľ˽ż⡣

°ͣĴ, º󱳽ֱ, 鵽β׵ǡ
ȻѰ촽, ŮƤ, ȴ̺, ô˼ֿ, һ˲ȫˡ

´ûô¹, סʱ֫ۡ
ȫۡ

ʲôʱ

紵ʱҶλϣȻһСľҧһ¡
ݼ˲䴫Ѫζ, ˡ

ͣסۿ´ϵѪɫ£ָɨһɾ

ʢ£һΡˣ˵һԡ

ֻԼ֪һΣ˵Ķô΢
Ǳ΢ҪԶҲҪʧˡ

һҪֿô˵ˣĲϲˣӦǡ
Ҫʲô˵

ᣬҲҪ֪ﲻá
Ĵġ

µ߶ñӾס̧ͷԼֻܿǰ⡣
Χܰ룬Һ⣬ˣŶûˡ

ĿĿƬ̺󣬲Сĵҡҡͷ
ģûйҲϣ롣

˵ʮ֮ǰһؼңҪŲȥŻᵣģ˼ҵʱ򺣳

ȥֻ˳糵ˣȻ̫ˡ
˵ţͷֻλ󣬸պþԼһ

߰ɣȥ·ȡȥ
߲˳·ҵطҲۡ

վԭû

ʣʲô𣿡
ͷ

ʲô£

룬ҪûʲôϾӵ¹ܹһˡ
ʱ϶Ҳסĵطɣ档

µش

ԣһ¡ƽ侲˵仰һƿص̬
û·Ӧһ

˶ˡ

ͣ
ºӰóʪֽ˲ƤĵطСǸ˵˾䡰Բ𡱡

Ȼϲ
һ㣬һ¡

߰ɡ䴽Ц

.

żʮ㡣

֮ǰ֪Ҫȥ·˵ȥżʱЩš
ԼǸֳϲˣر˼ǰǻ᲻ϲԼ

¸˵ûϵģˣҲϲϲкӡ
Ҳϲϲġ

ŵƣȴûڡ
ϢܹɣʱӦ˯ˡ

Ǹġ
ǿŶеˣӷﴫʣС»𣿡

ţţһˡ¹ɵĻش

¶ʲôŸ
Ҫ¸ϽֹòãҳԹˡ

úϢôˣͲҪˡ
°ѶŽԼתͷС˵ٸźúý㡣

´ʰ·ʲô̧ͷҪȥϴ𣿡
ȫŢҲࡣ

ͷȸ˯³
ϣȴûи⣬ȥ֣ߡ

ԡڷ䴦´תϡ

ָȻսĿͣϣȴ˯·һߣȻȥˮ
ҰϴòãЦţСС˵

һһ㡣
ܺһһ㡣

˽ҡͷܾá

üͷһǿ˵ֻǸϴ裬ֲʲô

Ϊʲô

żңֲҵľӡ


ڽŵߣ˵ŷߺԶģҼܺá

ʮǰϷӣܴ󣬷ȽϿա

·۾Զ׼ĺѹѹֹ
¡

ڡµӦ

Ƥãµʱﲻɱľ룬ͷʱһץı飬εЦЦ
㽡ˣʡ

иˣǵ͵Ĵݣ⡣
ǵʱݵǳ˾ͻر۷ι֡

ݣϵĸȴӲӲĺܺ

ûС񶨡

Ŷ²ˡ
ȷʵصȥ֮ǰôְңμ־ԸҪġ
ûȥȴһֱЩĵȻˡ

ر

ǸĶˣ˳Ծո¥ʱһֱֻ䣬ɣһͣ١
һߵ¥

ϴʱֶֻǿͣ¥ʵڲˣ㱳ȥ

̾ú

£ƤԶ׼ĺȥԡ¶ǺʵҪϴġ
ŮҲź죬Ц˺Ц⡣

⡣
Ҳ

.

ʮһسѾװʰ·ʱ򣬷µСһССƽ

Сƽ߽Ѿķףŵطλá
ºܾǰ͸ƽһֱţ籦

¸Ķ󣬿һֱı
ļⷢȣ˿˿΢

֪ϲÿһζ֣ᷢٶһ㡣

ֱһֱ˼ĸоܺã񫡣

°ƽַŻĿڴͷҪ˵ʱֻˡ
⿴һۣȻȥ̨Ͻӵ绰

ʱ䣬ͨ绰˿ʮӡ

ǲѧУǱߵ£ϾͻȻܻʲôõӰɡ
˵ѧУ֮ࡣ

ʱµĵĿʣʲô𣿡
⣺û¡

ºɵĿ˵Ļ

ʲôʱعģûиѧУǱ˵

˵ˡ
еļٶˡ

Ǹո˭绰벻ͨ˭Ҫôʱ䡣

ԥ£֪ҪҪ˵
һֱţʵ档

Ŀ顣ش

ûס

ûʲôҡͷμһĿһ¼ơ

˵۾ɴˣʲôĿûк˵
Ҫʱֻ΢ﵯöϢȺһֱ@ҲʼϢը

£̫˧̫manˣ

Ⱥļڷ̾˵˵ֱϹۡ
ǵǻǲǱƭˣôƯһŮӣôһвмһ

ڿϹ۵ĹȻǡ

ȺתһƵǽĿһĻȼƬΣһֻңһ˻һѣݼ޷ɱ

˵ͷֵڴͷºÿĹ֣ÿһ֡ԵֽҲֻж֤




58.     ˵ϲ㡣

ĿֻȵƬ, ʮӣµȥˡ

ԸУѧݱ룬μһ಩Ϸ, ΪǷѧ⣬мαѧĸ߲
Ŀͷÿ˵ĸ˽, , Ե⣬ҲҪ˶

ȵƬ, ڶ̶̰СʱڣĿͳѡ

ֻǸСɱսĿ, ҲûʲôǴ, ĳ, 統һ
ҵʱֻһֻ֣޷תڣ˲ɷ, Ϊʲôֻһֻ֡

ǲԼʵ, ˵, ǶԶֵһӡ

ƽĻش, ˵, ΪԼֻһֻ֡
һ

žͷ, , вм

Ȼ̶̵һϣйϾͱ˸顣
ʮ꣬ʯ˶ǳֻһ, ҲΪǳѣֵм

ϴ˶ûеĿֱ࣬ϣɼ״Ԫμӹжʵʵһפ

ܹˣԻΪ˳ɡ
ѡѧרҵҲˡ

꣬վѾӯ

һɳ׳˵ȥңδᣬԶΪļѶѡݷ
Ŭһˡ 

¿ƵĲɷõʱסˡ
ͷ⿴ɵͷỹžֻĻϡ

ǽס˺üӣΪʲôҪμ

ڸסԱĵطȴѡķʽչָϵÿһˡ
ʱƽ˭֪˵Щʱжôѹء

  
۵ļⶼҪˡ

Ȼ˵
ΪʱҲ㣬ʹӦˡ

Ҳȥѡ˴ӦĿԼ룬л¿

ȻҲѡ
ܱʲôȥҪá

˸ѹˡ
˲ᣬ۵ҪıǸ
Բ⣬ԺҲҲˡ

Ȼ֮ǰ޹˺ܾãɻԽԽѹһѹ̲סֱ
նɨı

Ҳֱס
Ҫˡ͵͵˵ޣҲۡ

ΪޣҲҪ
Ҫᡣ

ûô
Լôá

.

ڶʱѾ
ʱ䣬Ѿ˵㡣

Աߴ󣬿Ѿ𴲺ܾˡ
Ǳϰߡ

¿ϴ꣬žͿڳ緹

Ŵӷ£ô⺢Ҳ˵һȻϿ϶ҪԵġ
⺢ֶֹ£ɨˣҪ

ʹˣϲСǣһҪථ£ˣ֣ǶǺõġ
⺢ӶµĹ֣˶òΪǫѷ˭˶ϲ

˼˫۾ˣĳǸúӡ

úǰôô档ֱźһֱֻ֪ӣȴûм

Ժ᳣شЦЦȥ
Щһܳ£һ㣬Ͳôѡ

磬֮󼸺һֱڸɻ緹ҲĲˣֻʢٶ˳ȥˡ

˵ھͶȥŹϺ͵͵Ĵյߣװõ˵ո˵ϲ㣬ϲˡ
ͬѧڶôϲˣ

ڼ弦۾ûüشµĻͻȻ䣬ɿһ¡
ⶸȻͣ£תͷ

ſء¹ƭŻ˵ҵ¸˵͵ҡ
žͲϲˡ

Ŀ£ŵʿˮͷ΢һӾûˡ
¿ţûסЦ˳

ͳȥˡ˹ӣù

췭ȻҪˡ

緹´ȥ¥һߡ

±ˣ꣬ôû±û֮꣬ǰúܶˡ

ʱصΧñȫװ

˵СʱԼ£һ·߶߶
ֻ·߿ڴһֱ롣

̲ס˵ֻһֱϢ㲻𣿡

ǰûʲôѣϴѧ֮ϤҲǼҳû˻Ϣ

ȴҡͷ
ܶĪˡ

Դ֮˿ʼֻյĸֶţ΢ŵĺҲ賤
μӸĿģ˵ɷģģǩԼĵ˵һ

ǽСʱȵƬ緢ʱѸٵߺˡ

ˣֻҪôڿˣȻܵܶ˶ϲ
һº磬ʶˡ

˵ҪһζľܾкʵģȤģ԰


ܶණһͲã洦
һԣûϵ

һСʱ˲Ƶ׼ȥ

سƽȴ˶ݣС·Ҳ̲סһֱһֱȥ

ȥŷּ˿ˡ

֮ǰʱݹλ԰̣ϴο¾;úϲصɣԼĶӹ˼һ

԰̰ԼӴ컨׹õغãʵǸͨС꣬һΪʽװν175ߣǰһվֱ˿һͷ

175ˮ֡

⣬԰Զסˡ
ߴʵкӣʹԸòȷʵӳúá

漴롣
úһʲôãӿǹԱ

Ա

ǳȥ׽϶ͷɡ

Ÿ˵ҲǼҵĺӣѧϰɼɺˣ״Ԫڹء

״Ԫɼô
԰Щȣֺɡ

֮ǰôû˵ǼһһкӣǵáֻʢһŮ

ڼ緹°ŶϲˣڸŴ֡

;»˷һˣʮӣʱ򣬿ǸС̨˵

ɫ䣬Щ¡

װȥˮߵˮߣ͵˵
Ǹе⣬˵ʢµϲʲôġ

ҽ㲻ϲģˡ




59.     ллҼѡ

ﱭû, ײˮѵһ

̨عͷ
, ǸеɫԺܾȡ

Ȼ⻹˵һЩõĻ
ÿ仰˵ˣһ·

ǱѾкôҳԷ, ɫѿ, ֱ˵£԰̾͸Ͻ뿪ˡ
û, ֻǺԵ㡣

塣
ԼǰҲǳǹһ, ͻȻԼҶӹ, ʲô˼, ˶ó

Ҫǳڴ֮ŲŲǡ

ǸӣôˮÿС
ġ

ȴ, ͵͵, ׺˼˵Щʲô
Ǹ˸ոջͦ, Ҫ¼΢Ż˵ԺԼԷʲô, ô˵˼, ͻˡ

һֱ׷, ͵͵֡
ں˵, ûзӦһºȻס֡

Բλࡣĸ֡

յĺָܽľˣȫѲ
ûԭֻ˵, ۾ʢǸôˡ

ôˣ

òСŮԸᣬԵƣСУ԰ķĿеСŮ񡪡
̫ࡣ

ҫۣúܶ˶ҿ
˭Ůء

̫ˣûϡ

.

żҴ죬Ԫڣ뿪ˡ

ٻعҪ£ʱ䡣
Ƿֱ

һγʱķֱ

º᲻ãȴûбֵ̫࣬Ӳ뿪

ԪһԲºĵĸֿζСԲһ
һĶҲܶһ𰡡

ﻹҪȥת˷ɻ
û͡

ϲֱ𣬸û취·ֱصĹ¶УĻŲ
رھһЩº

ϳֻ֮յһеĴѡ
нʮ

ԴμӵǸսĿ

¼ʱˡ
ĺܶѡ񣬶ֻǳ嶯˵Ϊ

ôе˼֪ʧȥϢﳹûһƬţǿ϶ǳ¡
˵ȴҪʲô

뵽֮ǰϵǸĿ顣
Ŀ󻮺棬ʱ̬ȿУд˴ƪĳģ֮ȷʵжҡ

һ㣬μĿһʷĳ
Ǯķ

ֱп롣

¿һ֣̲סⷢϢǮôԼһ㡣
ǰϾǶʮһڹ⣬ԴöȫԼǮ²֪ûпԼԼ֪ĵطĺʡʡ

ôܳԿˣҧҧ澳ٿ඼ȥ

ⲻ֪嵽˶ǮֻҲ

Ҳ
£ԼǮ

֪ڹȥܹţǿʢµ
ȥʱʮӣȻӦˡ

ǸڹϣѾʮ꣬ʹһֻ֣ԼҲܻȥ
ĻȥǱģҪѧҵ֮ǿ

ӴӦһͰԼĵλ

ʢұӻҪģӦҪģԽԽá
ʱҶһڵԭ

ͰǣƫƫȫѴݻ٣ֻʣ뵽Ա
֮ܶꡣ

ŬĶ飬ŬĹֻΪгһգܰԼЩǧٱĻȥ

¶֪ģкܶǮʹټȥҲܿԼ㹻Ǯ
ڴˡ

ЩԶԶ

룬ҪһʢİˣͱһΣһͦΪһƬ졣
ǰӽ󣬶

һʱһ˿ðͷôһθܵů⡣
̧ͷ͸Ө峺ƺ˵㲻Ե⡣
ô˺һ¸Ϣ

ţллҼѡ

.

¿ѧǴż뿪ѧУ

ʢҵתѾ³
ķӺôǻˡ

巢ʲô費һСϸ˵Ψһģúö飬Ҫ̫ࡣ
ʢΪԪˣĸ꾭ӪһЩ¶֪ġ

Ψһҵģһ˶úõģһ
Ѿǲеҡ

𽥻ص죬ƽּ򵥵ӣһȥ¼ÿ춢ڵʱعһ졣

֣ڹڶѾС
֮ǰμǸյ¼ƣһڣִβš

Ƕ̶һµʱ־;ϣǵ֪֮û׷ĿԸǿҪ¼ơ

ĿΣҲֻܽ͡
ѧҵԭܳʱ¼Ѿܲף˲ڹڣҲ벻

ֻϣ½⣬֮лᣬĿڶһȡġ

µ׷ٵһ죬˶ʰ׼ؼң£ûؼҵĳƱ׼ȥ

˵⣬Ȼһȥ

£ô𣬿ڽ϶ᱻϳˡ
Ц

ǼΣһǰҹҹݵʱۼʶɱ¿һΣ˶ᣬŶ䣬¶֡

˵ϣ̫ìܵĽ壬Ǻֵߵˣֻƫƫ޷ֲȱݡ
ڿ˽Ŀ֮ڶɢ˸ǶˣΪʲôôϲ

ǫѷ˵Ķ࣬ôȴǿּ͡

͵Ŀܴϸֳһ˱ġ

ԭġ
ôõˣǶ۾õ

ǰǰҲ͵һͬѧˣȦ

Ǹ죬µ罻˺ҲĳɫһλСĻ滭
ûл̫˼ȥӪ˺ţϲĻҲܿġ

ڶ꿴˷ӣ˵ŮѾ֪滭¡
岻զ࣬̾¡

ѾǺܵ͵ˣ罻ƽ̨ϷԼƬճ٣󲿷ֶĻ

ֻǸ֤֤ݣ»Ļ
űӰͼߴ90%ơ

ɺϵ

ǼӣķȺ˵Ҷһ
ʱ´ֻֿһϢ

⼸½½Ǯ˺ţһ򣬼Ҳв٣һʲСǮ
ûѧҵͬʱҲŬǮǰҪܶݹǮ࣬Ҳɡ

ֻе룬һʲȫ¡
⡣

ָŵĻӲʳԣڱһȫµ⡣
㹻һƬ졣

йδ




60.  ͯŮ   ĶҪըˡ

ڼ, ѧУһְ

ͼûлؼҵͬѧڽСѧʦڿγ̣˵Ǽְ˵־Ը
ѧУѧ, ضͯǹ¶, Щ޼ҿɹ, Щ˳ĸڼ, ȥ̽ǳ軭

ŮӰСϲ, Ͽεʱ, ҶԹԵİ, Сֱãһ档

һͬѧǶЦ˵ʢڰ༶ǻʱ, ȫɢһֲһķ⡣
ֱĹ

ֻݵĿֺЦ
ʵһȺСӴһҲͦõ, ĺ, ԼҲü

ֻһڿ, κ׼ᡣ
һ, Ȳóֻ, ȴϷ΢Ϣ, ڶûлظ

²Щʧ

ûˣǱѧУкܶҪ죬ԼҪӵһЩ
϶Ǻæġ

ԽڴԽӵ壬ɿ

ʱһͬѧϢ¥¿΢һֱϢ, ¥ӣߣȴĲɡ

գϲ͸ֱֱ¥¥Ǻֵлӡ

ߵսĢ́ͷŲȻͣס

¥²ٳϣ괩Ű׳źɫ䣬иӦһ㣬Ŀ⿴˹ú߶ϡ

Ѿǰˡ
գ۰ĺܿ죬ϸÿһﶼ˼룬ʵʵĽÿһÿһɬֿࡣ

Űֱ꣬˺ܶࡣ

ı仯ָϵģĻڣ϶ɢûеĳ죬ĵȻͼᶨ
еľƭ㣬һˣܶࡣ

ϵġ

˼󣬰ȷɿ¥ܣ̫ܵ죬վȣǰ
߱ΧţҪˤһɫʱͽͳ

ܵĿ죬һѾǰ͵ײȦסĲӡ
˾ǰĪľϲ۾Цôͻˣ

ҲȺ˵һȻ׼ȥġ
ҲӲˡ

ЦſӣֱĶҪըˡ
ʱۣʱҲֱۣ߬

ⱲҲˡ
Ϊࡣ

ֱסش˵̫뿴ˡ

Ϊ̫һ̶ܶȡ

ƽﷺĲ̫ϲ־ϲˡ
һ¡

ȴʼЦ

ͷЦ̧ͷЦ£۾Ź⣬ҲʢЦ
ɻЦݣʱڶ˵ǰ档

̧ͷǰ濴

ͬѧڲ岽Զĵطһ˫˫۾ôǡ
տʼ⣬Ǿþϲ֪Ϊʲô濴³ʣˡ

Ǽոո·Ϣ뺰ġ
ϾѧУݣȻˣҲҪôҶС
Ҫǵ´ˣź



ɫס£ۿɼٶȺԼոնЩʲôֻҸضڵԼȥ

̫˲ûпǣ֪Ҳһ䡣
˻Ц

ô

°һѣûʲôװĶݺݵģССü
ȴЦһ˵һ£

ǣҪһ¡

ºɿ˱ӵ֣ȥǿЦŸ˵
ѣ⡣

Щһϵͬѧһһֹȥ

ѣ
֪ѣǴûϡ˵䣬ڹ⣬ʱز

мм˵ƭ˵ġ
Ͼôÿƽʱ׷̫ˣ˵ԼˣͿԱܶ鷳

˭Ҳû뵽ѣǸһͿĴѧ⡣

վһ𣬿䡣
Ǹʽʲôš

ǣͯŮ

˱ҪգɿС¾ñط꣬˵ʱֶһֱһʵڲ˼š
˽뿪ˡ

תͷȥҪ䡣
䣬ºܸߡ

ȴ˴ùһ𣬷Ⱥ󣬻˳ϵİ

ѻˣõ𣿡

ȱһֻûˣܳһƬ졣

.

·ɻֱ

ʱûסĵط

Ϊ˷㣬ʹһסѧУŵ
һСƽŴӸסһ䡣

С˯

ȻܺһᣬʱѵֻȥסƵˣ

յʱȴ˵ѾҺסĵطˡ
ڻ֮ǰѸһӣʱסš

ϴǸССٿǮһµķ⣬ҪѾ¥ȥ⣬ڶ֪סЩʲôħ֡

ǵݷƵʽСԢʺס

һ·ⶼں˵Լʱ¡

ѧϰͬʱְзԮĿǰмֵҲĵ¡
ܹΪܶƶ࣬СṩԼܼİĳһİﵽǣһܴڡ

׬ǮһζĴڼ䣬Ҳһֱͷ˽ѧϰؽ֪ʶǰڻһǮˮͶʣ˽ϤˣӴ

ºǰ˵ģˣʵ̫δǰ;һƬκ飬ֻҪԸȥ϶ܳɹ

رҵʺԼķ֮

¸
֪֪ǰϺöͬѧķ˿ˡ

ڽĿѸߺ죬ƫƫͷʢǶʱڹڣȻ϶ĸܵˡ

ϲõġǿҡʣݵá

أʡ

գգۣӦһ仰˼Ц
ķ˿

ôԱе⣬ôϲҲΪÿģϾЩϲ͹â˸ܵģñϲ˾Ҹ

⣬ҪһԽԽð

˵Ŀ黹һֱϵ㡣ºϵڶˣ㻹׼ȥ𣿡

ĿĿڱãҲʣһ֮ںܸߣԲźܿӭ˵ڶ

ع֮ҪǵĻкܶ࣬²̫ҪѾŵĺܺ

˵ԡ
ûзȥɵɣȥҲʲô

ϣɵģôش𣬵ͷŶһ
ԼĹ滮֪

ֻΪڵеο

˵ֿһ궼ûʲôΪãʲôֵõġ

ӽ֮߾һֱͣû뿪Ǽµģ˳Եᣬƿһ룬˾ͻʧ

̲סף˵£ȡͺ֤顣
㹻㣬㹻ãǿܸһҡ

ļⶼһ£඼ůΧ˲ĸⲻͬѰ

°ʹϣȻŬĵͷ
Ҳȡ

ʲô

¶˶٣Ķ䣬˵ȡ˻͸ӡ




61.  СŮ   Ұ㡣

Ͼŵ㡣

ס϶Ҫʰ, ͵İɨһ飬Ūͷ󺹣Ȼȥԡϴ衣
ϴ, Ѿˡ

´ǳɫ˯ȹϴķβʪʪڼ, ӰһСʼǱ, Ȼߡ

ʼǱϵģ򿪷, ʾ
ں֣ˡ

һǮ, һʲȫ, ֧Ҳ
ֻԼʲôǮ, ֻнûгһʱʼʮ

ѾһʲСĿ, ڻڶѧ˵

ѳµЩ
˺ܶܶࡣ

ԼûǮ𣿡¿űʼǱϵ, תͷ
Ǽŵϴζ, ̲סЩ

, ش˵, ¾ж١
ǰ, ˵, Ժģȫµġ

ͿԼ
ֻע⵽İǵʱһֱһ

ɽУȥ¹
һ·һ

һ׵ıĶҲѾϾɣҲ˲Ǯ, ȴΪԼùʲô

ûСҡͷָ֪ʲôԥƬ̣˵ΨһµĶ

ɽΨһĶ
е롣

ѾܾɺƣɴߣֻҪʮĵط
Ҫеǡ

û뵽ˣѹֲ⡣
⣬һȥѧУϿΰɣǶ˵һҪա

Ѱ

šӦһû˵ʲô
ϲɡ

ľͺãûϵġ

󲱾˿˿ȵĺ»ͷ°Ͷ̲ס䴽ЦЦʵ㲻㣿

㣬ͷ㣬·ġ
а˺һš

㡣

һûһĺ˵ٻҪʲôû仹ᵽФپ
˵Фپ׷

ⶼû׷ء

ϲôãһֱĬĬϲţ׶ڵġ
ûܹ׷

»û˵꣬Ѿ
ǰʱǿһֻӲñˣһֻ־ͱ˫ʱҲ

ֱ󱳰ʱһ̧ۼ߾ͣϣһ
ֻĿ£ʿˮµʣôˣ

һֵֻ󣬸Ƥû룬¶Ƥȫ

е㺦µ㣬ȴá
ʱӲĺɻͰ͵Ŀڣ˵ֻ˼ڷ᲻ܶȻȳԵ㶫ɡ

Լ֪Լ˵Щʲôֻе㲻ʶӱܡ

ûشֵ͵͵ĺ֣⡣
šӦһ

ˣǲĻ¶룬ʲôʱôˡ
ϳ˿ֱʣ⣬Ҫ

ƺһἫЦ⣬Ƥ˲սȻ˵

ӡ

.

ٵĿġ

»ѧУȺǻһʵϰǸ֮ǰһڷԮģصķԮ

ھ£ѧʱμ˽Ŀڶ¼ơ

ʱѾϰߵ˸⣬Ҫǩ֮࣬ġ
дĶÿʱҲһֵҫ顣

ͬϵͬѧһʣСĽǿ
Ϊʲôôϲ⣬ΪһĴ̸ߣҲãʲô˶

ʹȱһֻ֣ȴǿ޷ǿ

ڶһһһͶƵ˲䱻ˢ

һĻ̫˧ˡ

ºɷñʵǰеʱǲǾ;ȴĬˡ
˵û

û༶һԿΪû취鵽㹻
ҲҴ򣬵༶ҪֻȥҲԵʱ򡪡

̬ĮĵȴǼµԱ

ڽĿʱɳϳˮԱ׼ϡ
ϣ˸ʣǰôôã

͵͵ѧ

Ȼкӵ츳εʱѧ˶ѧᣬҲǿǿ
ûѧĻͻȻͻ˰ɡ

š⾹Ȼĵͷ

ֻǿЦһ䣬û뵽
ʲôʱ򣿡һֱ֪

˵һ

еʱ˵ϲФپΪĺá
˵⻰ʱϴֵĶȴûͣһһס֣üͷ

˭˵ϲФپģûЩ߰ģȫˡ

⣺ǵˡ

ЩʵҪ
Фپʲôˣʱ˵ԼȲϡ

Լʹἵʣѹȴûȥ

ҿûϲȻ֪޻ҥԣ»ΪԼһ䡣
ʱ밡ҶôãΪʲôôأ

Фپ֮ǰ˵ͬѧϵ

ָȻա
ôᰡʱվʵ̫أܳһʱ䶼ãԼǱ̬

ɬ˳϶ͣ£˵û㡣

ŶºܵȻĵͷ

ڵȻ֪ûˣʱֲ֪ʱĿѹˣرͻȻ뿪ʱ룬Լʲô

ͻȻֻһѰĿŵҲ֮Ȼֹ

վһְֻȥ 
ֱӰֻݸ

Ҫ𣿡Ŀʮӽ¸ոûֱӹصֻ
ҡҡͷ

ʲôÿģ¼ٿҲ¿ʱῴۡ

ȴš
أٴηʡ

ǾҪҵˣҵҲ͸õʱ 
ʱһգ۾͹ĺÿ졣

Զ˵Ķ࣬ɺܶ໰ҲҪʵ˵һ˵ſ԰Ȼôǰڶƺ«Ըء

ҪȴĽġ
Ұ㡣˵⻰ʱ򣬴սĲϣëڷ⣬ÿĲ񻰡

˶٣ٴθ¡
ô˵ʱ򣬼ֱĶҪȫÿһϸ

⻰µͰ岻סˣǺЦͷ˵ȥҴɣҼοԳɼ롣
û˵˵лУ˼ʲôżʱҪ˵У

һŮ񣬽ʢ¡

ɷ˼ûżʲôģ˵ûУ¸Ժú׵˵С
֪ˡĵͷ

ֹԼĿڵλãЦ𣿡

ܵڿٵһֻСһ

ڸ
ʲôʱֻҪľͻᡰ顱ķɿΪôôİ

ļֱĻ졣

˵ûдһۼʱʼһСŮʢ¡

ȫõģһ˵ʢ¡




62.  ̹   ԣ磬ѹǮ

һ, ºһؼҹˡ

ѧ꣬ûһȹһϦԽһ, ͱøǷ

еͬѧȺҶۣ˵ϾҪѧҵ, ֮ǰ, Ҷһ۰ɡ
ǰҲû֯, 󶼲֮

Ⱥἰ˵ôͬѧ, ˭뵽, ڽء
ô, ϵ˶֪

ǸĬԣԱѧڱüǿ, ܹžͷ̹ȻĽܲɷá

ȻôõѧУ, ȴ˭û뵽ĸøǰ;, ͬѧ̸ʱ, üǸ쳣İ

ʹúÿ, ȴƧ񲻴, Ψһӡ, ʮȺӴܡ

Գͬѧڶ걬ϣ˵ʱǶôĲ˴

ؼ˺ܶණǸ°ģؼҷ˼һ
ֻЩȣΪӴϵµı仯ȫȫǱһˡ

ʱ, СҶһڣϴѧ뿪ҲǺСĵ˵ٸ鷳

ʢҵ͹ȣΪЩæǰæҲоȥŮ
ΪҲúھΡ

׼ʢִһ䣬ڴѧûҵŮѡ
ͷ˵С

¥˵ʱ¥Լϴ裬ϴһļϡ

пͷϹͬ

ĿǰΪֹеҡ
Ȼ˵

ҵѡ飬պû⣬зԮĹ
ΪԼѡ·ЩƶˣԼܡ
ܲһ׬ǮĹ

ôʲô
ġ

Ҵѧ׬еǮѾZеһ׷ӣµģȫµ˻
ÿһ仰Ȼ

õǮԴĳʼʽҲμӽĿı꣬ͬʱҲڽͶʺͽڷһЩ

Ϊ֪ԼҪʲôŻᶨƵ·ߣμӽĿڶʱڿٴܶ࣬Żѡ

ҿԴºܺõڻԺܹеĶģԺҲֻԽԽá

ЩȫǿˣȻҪ˵Ļ
Һ£ҵͽ飬ϣõǵͬ⡣

ʲôûʲôʢҸĸ֪ĳЩ˵Ҳ֪֪׵ˡ

ҲܳΪơ
ĲҲ

˰̿һһεıҿ˿Щںѧ̹ܺȻЩѧ顣

𾪵˵˵Ѿһֻ꣬ԼΪĸȴʲôҲûз֡
ʢѾڣ˵ҪҲͬأ

ǶŮȷʵǷҲͷ⣬˵Ѿж궼ǣú

ִһߣָɽ˽ǰˣɫȴ죬׼õĻȴ˵ˡ

Բͬ⣬Ҳ뿪¡ǰĳҲᶨ

.

ϣ̸ܿˡ

ֻϲ⣬ǲΪЩһʱܶ࣬ҪԼ
Щǿ۵Ķˣͻϲ

ǺӵȷʵۣӸпʼ¾ͶرãҲչӣЩǶͬġ

ôΪһʱء
˵ͷִСһ𳤴һʱ䲻Ǹ

ȷԼϲ⡣

ҴСҪ£϶ΪԵġ
˵ʲôãҿǫѷϵģԼвȴϣȱʧģҲһֱŬֲ

ҺȷţԺһ𣬲ܹҸ

ܹѾĻԵһʼΪɺЩݣϲѾԽһС

»˵ôᶨûκܷġ

ȷʵǸԼŮӣһֱģͬ˵ǰ档
ô꣬㹻һ˵ġºȷ˵ûпˡ

ʱ⻹̨ϴ磬ûкҲٽϦˣֻһʵĵ¡

˼ϣŵߵ̨ϡ
ⲻ֪ڿʲôĳ񣬸ûв

ֱ°·ϡ

ˣס֣С
°ߣ˵ǲΪҰǰͦãһô࣬òϰˣ

ǰ԰ּˣŮĴֲͬҪΪԺɷǵĿǵĿ϶ࡣ

ͷԼҲֻһ˯£·˶ס
֮ǰҪöˡ

֮ǰ˵ֳĬ֮£˵
ĬȻȴûа˵

鶼е̹ˡ

ܶǵķӦ̬ȣ˽⣬Ҳ֪鲻ôס
׼Ҳûر𲻿ġ

ֻ룬ԼӦôɿͬ⡣

͵͵㡣·֣ת̧ͷʵ֮ǰ˵Ͱ㵱ˡ

ǲĺΪģֻеôöûиǡ

Ҳ㿴ųĺӣƷԸʲôĶŵùҲǵչ˺ͶԴġ

֪ͷ

̨Ϸε´˯ȹ׶û֪⻳ֻ¶ͷ
ӣʲôʣаϾۻᣬҪȥ𣿡

ж˵ƽͨĴڣϵͬѧһֱϵͼ棬ģ߲ԡ

ȥ𣿡
ȥҾһȥ

룬Ȼͷ˾Ǿȥɡ
ûˣͦһЩ˵ģʱ䣬ȥһûʲôǲȥĻҥ

ЩԳƸͬѧϺұϵ˼ֱˡ

áӦ

Դ˲䣬ͷ˳Ĵ£ͷȴë޵ģֻɵСèģůȥˡ

¡⺰ʱǼԴ˵ġ
̧ͷһȴһǡ

ôȴůůҲȵģǼ⻹иϴˮ֮ů㡣

һǺóֺ˽ӵĸо˾ãԼ

ɿ촽ʱ·ȴʶ˹ʱ򣬲ſ𣬳Ц⡣

Ȼա

⣬ϦҲѹǮòãµЦ
ҪȴԳƽ㡣

ǰ¾ǰԼܵչ˵ģǵ㲻ʲô

áҡͷ

ֽס֣ԣ硣
ѹǮ

´ǣôúְѽ

ûͷͷ۾ش𣺡ҲС

ԽԽˡ
³˹ӣѹԽСˣǿȥɡ
һҰ¥͵͵أɲҪץסСβˡ

ºûŻ
Сĵʱϳš

ǣֽȥˣʱɲҶ¹ԹԻ¥Լķ䡣






63.  ͬѧۻ   ˱ĸ

ľۻڳϦҹǰ졣

ΪǾΥ, Ҷ¸ǣ˵ʮһ㵽ʮ, Ѿ˴롣

̸ŸԵѧУרҵ˵ڵʵϰ, Ժڶѧĳлǻص
Ŀư, ϽмӦöѾˡ

Фɭ˴ܽ, 说˸ָЦŮ, شġ

诵Ů, ȫ඼֪˭

诶˼ѧ, ˷һЩˣô˵һ˵
Ȼʢ֮ûп, Ҳ, Ҳû

û˵, ۿʢ¸˵, , ˵ҪԡתĻɫ, ˲˲, ڳ˼ˡ

仰ɱ󣬻Ű

˶ô˵õŮġ

Фɭ˵ȻûеĺܸߣʺãŴһͺܹ󡣡

Ȼ˲ʢ¡

诼ֱ, һȻվߡ
ҪȥǺηʥ

ճȥûԶתˣ²֪ʲôɫְףѿˡ
ôˡ

ôˣ课Լ϶Ϲˡ
ΪʢһǸˣ⡣

ǰȷʵúܲһФɭ˵ģʣܹ
Ҫǲʶ˻Ҳˣôء

Ҫ֪ǰҲƲûаġ
㳤úÿһ㣬Ͼǡвмİ

ʢôϲء
Ϊʲôء

ɻ诵ķӦʱʢ½ˡ
߸߸ǣ֣Ƽֶסʱ۾ģһ̧۵ַĮ

ʱðĵһ仰Ȼǡ
Ů

Ҷĺ硣³˱ĳš
ҴкȻСߵ˵˾ʲô

İڵϣȻĶ䣬תȥһˮ
ˮιȣ֡

⵱ӣ϶һܾˡ

֪ȱݣ˶̾һ䣬ɲŮòһԡ
ǰ༶ֵģȿʣ£ҼǵеʱҲ찡ʲôʱһģ

찡˼ҶΪǸвˡ

üҡͷ񶨡
˭˵ˣҾͺ졣

һﻩȻ

еʱ̫Ƨκ˵ʢҲһ衣
Źֲ֣Ϲӡ

ָιһˮֽ˲ǣ˵ϼ˯ģ
޾ɣ¶˺Ȧˣ϶˯ú

¹ԹԵͣԱкüͬѧڿԼ˼˵ֻֻϢ
㣬˯š

ϰ߱ڵʱ˯ˣȥֱ賿˻

⿴ֻͷЦȻǺϲ⻰ۣʣǲǺ

ҡҡͷ

⣺˾͸ҡ

ҪҪҲҪ֮ʲô˶Ҫ˵

¿ܵĲˣеǵ㲻źͲҲʧˡ

ųԷʱ򣬰Ｘͬѧ˼ӳֽƣ˵Ҫɱ

һĻûǰǹƧĮ룬˵һ˵ʱְ̧ۣ˹
Ұɡ

ʣµǡ

ͬѧ˵üԱߣµ¸͸⣬ֻɳȥˡ

һȷʱǶѿЩȣȴûзӦָһˣû˵ֻǵͷʾͬ⡣

⵭һֳʱԤԼң˵һλƽ
û˵ѵıҪҳϲûԤԼҺ

һϣǺҲ治ף˵һѣû
еСŵ˼Ǳȴǵ˵Լڶֲ诣ְ

ʲôдϣô˵ȣ֧Ķʱ˵
Աȴˡ

诿ְ

Ȼڶ֣ԵƭŮ׵һƿˮ
֮ԣ˵һʾŮ׵ĶˮҪöԵط

Ȼˣͬʱܱ

ٵʱ诱ɱϷˡ
ְˣӮ

Ʊʣ˭֪˻Ӯˣתģ˵Ҳ´˻ȥܡ

һ诶Լģʱˣ˵ӲʹԤԼҡ
һƢ

ҲǺܾ֮ͨǰһֱΪƽרԤԼġ

ܸ֮ӣǶƭˡ

ֻ˵ⲻ棬źˡ
⵭ǣȻһӡ

´Ҷˣˡ
˻Ȼ

ɫѿ

ҵ찡ֱתһȻƿص̬˲ˬȷʵó׵ס

кڵ̬ﻹǰǸĬԵꡣ

Ůȫ֣Ѿоˡ
Ƕһ̧ۣÿһ

ȥϵƣĿʣؼ𣿡
뿴ôƭ

ôɻɻء

ҡͷˡ

ƭ˶գ۾ġ½ҷոԤԼңġ

ȴֻ˵ϷҲҪӡ
ȷʵҲ߲һ

ЦŸͷ˵ֻƭҵķݡ

۾촽ͷ΢
һƿĿ⡣

סˡ

һϷ˾ۻĽ㣬ʱ£ʱԷ׷ף˭ҿ
ƶĸ֮ƺԶ׹䷲䡣

ŢˣûԼᱻ

ǰ֪պҫۣǵʱͻŶ࿿

ۻҪ뿪ʱЦǡ
˭׷˭  

һʱεĺܴȥſɡûʻȷӦʱѾڶ

ϲкܶꡣ

֮ǵĹ£ʹ͸¶С롣

еʱ໤ˡ
ܲ찡һµģƭȺ

ٻʱĵΣŲвһ㣬ֻû뵽֮ԨԴ

Ҳ֮󣬶иӻˡ
һѧСŮ񡣡

У֤ͬУ

˵ŮѣǸʱ˶СŮ¹Ĵڡ

ʱɱܻӭˣҲһ׵СŮ

ǸŬŮĹ¡

ʱؼңѧչֽ֮Լеһж

˵ܵŮѣǰ˱ĸ
ڹٲϷࡣ

ܿңҰ˱ĸ

Сķ粨ǶڴŮ飬λε֮ڣԼȨ
ת΢ͼһŻ

һֱϴЩֻбӰͼǲ˺ܾûľ˭
һ

ǲ˭

Щ˵硵Ĳ²⣬ҲܿƽϢ

ⲻܻŸʲô
űɹɱ




64.  С   ͻȻޡ

ô׷ﶼ˵°

±ҵ, ͷöæűҵƣЩԡ
֮ǰת΢ֻΪ̫˲²Ůѵ˭, ̫ᣬ̹ˡ

Ů, Ǻܽ, ûмˣòҴš

ûΪҵܴĸı, ͱоҪȥ, ҵҲɵĺ˳, û̫ڡ

ܾƾ, ʲôѵһ

׼ȥ֤һյĵڶ죬һµİ׳ͷ, 𴲵ʱ, ߷һȹӡ

ºٴȹӡ

ĵ, ʱ򱻽, Ժ, ڴ, ѵڼˣ

˵㡣

Ű˵, ˯˻Сʱ
üͷ

û˵Ѿף£Ӧһأ

еİ۾ˮҲ۵, Сʱ

Ҳô֣ȥСʱ
һͿˣԼӦģûпޡ

ûشֻĬĬҪ·ܵһ˶㡣
Լ˵

ͣ

ʱ绰ˡ
ȥ̨ӵ绰ֱǷ־һ󣬲ż·

̨ûأ˵Ĵ˹Ӧǹϵ£˵˾֮ࡣ

Ѿȹӡ

ȹеѧԺĿʽ䵽ϥһ㣬һ۾ܿϵ¿
ɫĵƤˡ

йҪæ𣿡վǰԼðȹӻͦÿ
ĳҲú

ǸСӵ¡ᵽеա
ǰʱ˸ӣǸСŮ֮Ĺùѡںİ˾Ҫ֧Ůǰĸá

ŮİǮҪùҲŶʮ꣬˵òѣҲ

ںʱԮģڽ᰸ǰ¶ûеطȥˡ

û¡
תۿѾ·סۣɿÿ

Ȼĺܼ򵥣ºá
⣬ЦŵͷӦǰǰÿ

Ҳ֪ڿԼڿ·

ŵʱڷ˿ϣӲӵġ
ں˵·װ޵£ԼҪķ˻ϻһ

Ҳ˺ܶసװ£ǵÿԼ

ŮӵӽȥЩϲ̺ķ񣬿ɿ룬һסҲҪϲĲС

ϲʲôأ
˵ﶼס̫Щ

ڳЩʳߣԮĵʱСһӡ
ƯСͷϴ¹ϣϲ¾͸ɴժ͸ˡ

СŮװ۵ģÿɰȴЩˡ
ףһСԼĸĺӣһĻ

СӺܺãϴλŴСӴ
ǹҪҲ

С֪Ƕõĸ㣬û֮ǰôˣǣֵʱҲԹԵİȥ

һͬ˵úÿҲˣСӲԸ׽ˣԸ׽

ΪԴСҲģûаȫеСӲŻϲ

⻹һ㹤ҪСҪ棬½ǣһֻųԵһıɡ
ԱߣЦŶ

ͬѧϲкӻŮӣ
Ҫʮǰ÷ȥ䣬ûüش

˵ϲŮӡ

͵˵Ůְ֣ҪСŮ϶Ưɰϲ

˵⣬⶯£̧ۿ£ɼ䣬Ŀ
Ůӣͻ

Ůʲôģ
ϸ룬ָоеͻȻرڴ

кӣͻ𣿡ķʡ

¾еһ֪ʵСӣ̲סЦȻҡͷ
кҲⳤ񡣡

Ϊʲô

ûΪʲô»Цճһһֱû뿪
ҼȽǿ󡣡

ԾǺ˿ĵĻϷζ
æϵĹûٽӻˡ

æȥϲ

СԱߵСϣ½ǣԹԵĿбɳԡ

֪ĹҪһܽҲӲϢˣǾ˻졣

˵ĺФپһˡ

Ĺϵһֱ΢ܾФپһʱСųǰֻһһ߽

ǰʱסԺ˵һФپһڵϣﻹһļ鵥һ˲ͻȻ׵Ŀ˳

һĽʵĺʹ˺öö£۾һ𣬱ررᡣ

ôФپжȥеĹ⻷ʱƣ㲣ȴֻһ˵Ӣۡ
ôϲһ̳ء

˯ˣȴ뱧һ

£ʱ䣬ҪҪһȥΡ
ϴγȥ棬Ǹҵˡ

´ֻظʱ򣬲ԶһСӾŵĿԽԽ﷢š

¹ֻ첽ߡ

Сڵϣȴϡﻩ޵Ȼǰģȱ֫ˡ
Ȿĳ䣬ոڹӱСӳһͱȥûⷴӦСŽ֣Ȼ

Сӿĳ£ǾÿɲҲǾúԼһ
Сӵź޷εģ֮ǰϲ⣬ڿЩ֮ɲɱĿ־度¡

˻ŵĿ־塣

ⷴӦϰ
ǰ޵ԽԽ׵СŮ죬ȴʲôҲ˵Щ޴롣

վſڣ룬ܹǰ

Сڿޣᶼ۾˻ڿޣ±⣬ǿĳһЦݣ˵Ҫˣǡ

ǵʱڶһֱһֱֻϣҪˣ˲ӶڼǹţͻȻҲޡ

֪ȥ˶á

Сչ־Ըߴ˳ȥ»ͷʱⴹ۱ܿĿ⣬༭ϵļ

ֻһβȴŴ˺üֱ֣󱣴ļϵԣǣסµ֡

߰ɡͳ١

¿ɫָҲ֣Լߡ

û˵һֱ¥£СҪȥ

⣬ǲѹˣ´ǽ򣬿Ӿͺۡ
֪ʹѾ̹ȻԱ˵ЩĿ⣬Ըոĳ

밲ο˺ܶĻ
ֻǸСӣ£ϲúͿ־Ҳܼ򵥡

⿴
ͻȻְס°͵ͷֶȻȦĺܽ͵͵ĿڣԵúѹ

£Ժǵĺӣ᲻ᡭϲң




65. []    ͬѧ˚G

ܶ໰û˵, û

ںܳһʱС㷲, ε룬ĺ, Ҳ, ô졣
£Ҳܰܰ, ֻη壬ѹ

ʹŬԼ˽Ĵ, ЩܴڵĿ־, , ᡣ

ı˺һ

ɿʱЦ, ô, , ȴҲǰ⡣
ڵѾܺúܺ, ȴǻЩ, 뵽Щʱ, жء

ǵĺ, ǵѪѪԵһֺĶòԾͱú׽
˵ǵĺӻһˣҴСͻúýҪְ, һ̵ĺܺúܺá

ⰡҪΪѹˡ

Ե׻Ҫʲôأֹ˺þãЦ

˵ʲô´֪ɼʹ֪Ҫʡ
ĻڱİȻѻڱİ

ŵʱɽľɰ

Ҫʲô
ɵӶ֪Ҫʲô

ǣס֣ĸٲȥĻǲҪˣ
˼ҲϢʱģڶˡ

֮ǰ͸ָԸԸ⣬´ŽָĴԸ⡣

£ֺܽԶʹӦˣǻ֮һ죬ԸԸһ

ôŮӣĳΪһˡ
ǳҲִԸ

⿴Щ죬ͣ˼ӰóԼĻڱ
Ļڱֻбһҳ

ǵǳ֮Ļڱֻһˡ

Щֻһˡ
ܶȥú硣

´Ǹ絽

£Ըҽ𣿡
˵ʱԶôԼûз֣䵭е飬ȫʢһˡ

ԣԸҽ

ҵʮ֮ĵһôеϣġ
һҡ

½ӹĻڱ
Ȼͷ

صشİɫ·Ϊ˺Ľհ

ֳʱͷȵӰ˳죬챾Ȼ̫ʵ

һֱſֱߵ·ϣعͻȻͷЦ
ͬѧ˚G

أ⾹Ȼˡ

ҲڿⱾ֤
ȻЦ۾ĵ⣬ĿڴеۣϾͱۺҸ

в

ǣסµ֣ͷ
ǰš

˵괺ذаҶˣҪдҪ㷢һܵĺٺٵġ

Ӧá

С˵ҼݻǱȽ϶ģҪд

⣺á

˵ʲôӦû˵áʱ
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