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ʢʱڣģ͸ڡ
ƮϵĹ褱ɹۣȻ̵ط˸ſţشͷϷͷһ㡣
ֵܣʱ򣬹Ӧڷܸϰһֲˡ
ڣֻ밲ƽһ
һжΪΡ
֣ԭԼ磬һС˵ңϷݲĹǡ
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ͺñȣһֱɼ㣬ȴ˸кÿοԶ⣬գˤˣ޹˯ţָԾд꣬ɼһͿ
ǰܲ⣬ԼôᵹùڲףԭΪתѧǰϡһǵģռӦΪһôŬѧϰɼеѧǵ㡣
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Ů𣿡ԱŹ褣۾һûʼ磬ЧἫˡϾǰֵʵ̫ԽȻҲһۿ;޲ѣμӻ
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߻أҽԺ
һŰ״ӵôˣ
ֹ̫ۣݣ֪ȥнǾش۵ģôȥճû취άˡ
ܻȥиɣǲ൱˵һһнϲȥʲôطʲôеģȥҡ
ǣнңڻУû취ʡֻܴӼȡһЩϢѾȥ⾫ڲˡ
ҽüҽ豸ʾͼ޵ľ򣬺3SǿΪսϹˣһڵľҷӿɽХһ㣬ȻΣա
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ڣʵʵڵס⣬谵Ļʺ˯
ĴϣһݵӰڱճԼͷϺڷң۽޵ʹมǳķɫһֻ¶ڱ⣬ָ΢飬Ȼ˯úֱܳһͳѡ
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Ϥޱȣƹʮܹܼң𴲵ͬʱҲԶ೨ҫ۵ճҡ
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ΪûܺúڶߣĸԼǷ˹褣ԶݣʲôʲôֻҪǹֵҪȫ㣬ѧϰϣҲûùõһͿˡ
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Ȳ϶ӵзḻĲ׳ó⿸ϵһСˣҲǹ褵Ŀζ󲻶ϵ󾫣Ĳȫϲġ
СʱĹʳʱܹܼһռݣɸѡ뵽ʦУа취褲ϲ߲ܽܵġӪζ棬˿
ԣһ·󡣹˸ĸƴҵʱͺϵڼҵʱҲܷܺġ
褳Թͣɳϵһ㣬ԣй䡣Ϊǰһ˼ѧϰȥˣϢ̫УɰСͷС̫̫ʱ֡
Լ䣬˹ܼһ𣬿ŵӾ磬ʱʱ²ۼ䣬ܼҲ˵˵ԼĿ
褣ɱ˷϶Ǹ۾ġ
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6 Ӱ
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褻ڱ˯ذﲻôȣ¶ˣ߻谵˸
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褻ûȫѣһգʶȻû˶һãȻӻԺģۣΪڱ˯ð͸ۡ
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7 ɢ
褷ԼζЩ仯Ⱞ㡣ǰֻһϲûԲŻǳһΣڣƵһһ㣬Ȼ塣
̲סԼǲֻèèˡ
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PSӾƽǸûСɰоɰ  10 
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11 Ϸ
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ЩΣЩЦ
ϣҲкܶʺ²۹Լϴϲèţ˵è²ʺһСľˡ
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ȫϢӰùⲨĸ¼ӰһжģʵУèһҲԿȫϢϷǺ˵Ե粨ԽӣֻԼڲ棬û취
ԣֻҪʱ˼Ρ
褽Ϸǰ׹һ˲ӿǧǹ⣬ûжȴоȻһᣬڰգһӯ
𺳵ɽˮɫˮīǰչһ˾ǰȥ񴩹ˮһ
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ڱǴռҩĳأϷΪ˷ɵģ׷رϵ봽Щװɭɢͷ羰
Ϸȼٵġ
ҲȷʵôˣĿߣԲĹӿܺóԣժԣصƯֲͶײֻħڽ䣬ʱЩؿ˼ۡ
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Ϊ鵽ͽˣϷΪУΧҲ٣ʱʱҪս
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褿ʼе㷳ˣƫƧ·ߡ
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ԵĿ㣬ҧһڣȻͷйɺζóˡ
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Ϊ˱ʾѺãѿ˵㶼͸˶Է˵ԡ
ԷежӹˡʳԲܣָ
һ߳һ˵ǼӸѣ´ս
褹תߡ
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һۣͿϷ⣬ɶŵֱض
ſڵ״Ϸձߣֱ򣬷ԼĶϣߣëë
ϷԵʲôζʱ̲ס뵽ҲҲķ羰
ʲôʱܳõȫϢϷվͺˡ
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Ȼûҵнľ壬òٴηǾʲôġ
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ڵè褱ڻë۾гߣһ̲ˮ᲻ͣطĺ
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ֻͶרעʳ
ңҴ򣡲ң
㣺Ͷˡ
Ȼͻ̣Ӯˡ
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12 
èˣŶиë
رϲɹè
èӸƬϲķȦǲű˿Ľᵽۣá
ЩôϲҲûãèҵģֻߣ
СҫȻҲͼˣ²ҪƵbattleĸоΪҫҪɹĿɰŮ
ڹϴһ£ǰİ̳һȹţӳӰ񣬷·ҫߣֻСģ·ɹɵķִСBJDޡ
ҫҪȱССֻĲżèص㣬˵öˡ
ë׵ģ˺
ԭߣëֶͣ
̰ˣģŹġ
ҫһҫرʾǶһ棬ѡǿϧĲһƷֵèȻף׼ҡ
׼ң
԰Ҷһ˰ɣˡˣûУ͸ϽȥȻܵģ첲ϣȿ䡣
褲׻ôͻȻᵽ򣬻˵ɫ
ڲҫҪ˵æסĶ䣬ϴξˡ
ѹ˵ȥġ
ҫ˵ôСøƵģⲻǺѰ𣿲֪ˣΪҪ͵͵Ϲ
ҭסһʱݣ
ö˵ȥҽԺ
ǿɱӿ̫ˣҿ϶ᱻġ
ҫһˣǷ˫ɫèͫؿʱҧӡ
һ룬ıʹֱۣº޺ɹôûƢ
ҫʱ;ԼֿˣЦ˵һӣһϹýϺô̼ޡ
褣һΪǷģҿɲʬ
ҫûûΣֱЦһʱûע⵽èһĮĵ
Цһᣬҫ˵ͨ绰һ⡣
ҪҪһ𣿡
ⲻҫһνй褳ȥˣֻǹ褶öҫֲи⵱ʲô򿨻Ƶġǰҫ֪æѧϰˣôţ㣬ţ档
ϾǷСܴܲδζܾ褶еȤġ
˵ڵĳȫԶʻˣΪ˷㣬ľǴ̼ٶȣԼиое˻ڴˣ죬ϵ죬̫ȥͲһˣķɴֻ˺١
е㶯ҡˣ̽

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褾ͱתע⣬ҳȥˣô죿
ҫèϹֿһУ֪Ǻܶ
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ҫıͻȻͱе֣ƸԹһë棬ͳˡ
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ֻǴż򵥵T㣬üƯʸɾ͸ŨŨУﻹһֻèⳡϵķЩоǽĹѧ
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Ҫʲôתʮֱס
滹ӵгܵģҾȥЩ˾ǿ㣬취ȻһŮС
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ˣǸ˼ң㾪ȡ
ҫȻȻĸ
ҫԽ棬ǸĶ棬ȻҲʶܶˡٲμᣬ¶治֪࣬٣ŻΪǱ˴ģȦˡ֣ŪЦ˼Ҷġ
ҹ棬̫ɣûϸٶ࿴ۣСӵʾȻͨ˼ġ
΢΢üɫ˱䣬ȻЦˣȸղŵģ˲٣ҷŵĻǷ׵ΪҸմӹ³͸ү
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ȻҶǸͬѧûӴȻҲ̸ʲôĻ䣬ֻǿ䣬Щꡣ
ü֪ľҲֻǴ·չûľ籾ϸڡ
ֻ֪ʱΪҶʧȥҶүݣİõذıҶµΪϲãͰ¹ԽԽĳһ˲䣬·ĶվǰҶº֪飬ΪԼں̸
Ҳǰ¹ϲãһҫ۵ꡣԣҶ֪Ҷ²ϲ
ΪʲôҪÿңˣҫһ𾪣Ϊ˵ӡ
ϹԺڿ㡣
ڣ˭˭ҫʱˣסļ򣬾˳ҹȥԵòС
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ҫһŵĺèޱȣô󶼲һ޹ˡ
ҫ
⻹ֻè
лҪ˵
ֻһֻɵСèʲô˼أ
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13 
ֻһȺŮ֣ʽ
ѧϰ棬ɼãǾͺܰѧϰģֻøĸˣͲڿԵĸ⣬оڤڤʲôڹƫöԷ⡣
鷳꣬޴йʱЩ̼תעһѡ
һЩӦԹɺ̬ɲ٣ͱȽˡ
褰èԱ˺ü䣬ͷ˵ԵŶҺܿ
ʼ˶½Լܳ
Ҳ߹ȥ
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˵Ҫؼˣǻó·ȥ
֮ǰʲôҵ֮ǰæչèĹԱ˵èڵƤ֪ʲôʱ͵ϳˣ鷳ˡԱè˿æҡͷ˵ְڣûͺá
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C׷޻᳡
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14 
ûģ˽һ£һЩۡ
[Ұոˣ׷޻᳡Ҳԣڹûʲôǰ£ƾʲôţСܵʲôҪͰ¹һʧȥңɧе£׷ƨҷ־ͰеĹǻҺжˣ]
[ 1ĸ㣬ҪͰѡ]
[ɱУǺ͹Ļˡ]

褿ŵһֱۣغϡ
ҪҶǵģĹˢƱ򱬣Իȥɡ
褼鲻룬͹˹ԣٴƽ
ùˣ̫Ŭˣлģʽ˯ˡ
˫۱ϣ˯Źȥ
ڵèؿڣſϣƵ󣬽ȦͷԹԵ࣬èĶèβʹһ࣬һɫΧι˯
Сʱ͵ˡ
˳ӭӣС˻˯ʱ˱ȥ
褲ϵĺè൱裬ڻ˿ǰ˹۵׷ɭĺ⣬ڹǰ޺ģȫͬ
Ϊһ⻬ëɨһ⣬̲סһ£Ҳˡ
ԺۣתͷһΧųٶ۵طֵˣ˸ǷѲϲŵè
ʲôʱҲӺģҿˣεֻƿӣҪҡ
褸˯ѣɳŴűԹȵø𵭵ķɫβˮʪ΢߾࣬ɫҲʪЩе͸
èſı䣬Բèۿ쳣ɣһϴ˸Ƣ
ֻܰϴ˯
ڶ졣
Ȼ˯򻹻ѣ첻֪ǲΪ飬һ˯ʮ࣬Ȼѡ
һ߳ͣһιè
ϣҲûȥͦݵģ˳ָιһݮ
ֻצӱţԣ⧲ɰˡ
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褺޷汻ɹˡ
ϵô࣬ҳһģ
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ã˷ģұ١
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һ㶼ֻôһţûţȴû뵽ջ˷ϲĻעޣ˿һֱǣھȻѾһˡ
Щʮϰڵ˵ֻ࣬һӪ˽˺ţѾǸܲ˼ˡ
һȥ־Ϳʼǡ
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15 
褿ЩۣЩЦ
Щŵġ
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һ˵ЩĴŮۡ
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[ҵèռеܵĸо]
[ĸ˵Ŷֵģܣɿɰ]
[һٺȼƿѽ]
褿ЩۣһʱҭסȻ֪˵ʲôˡ
󣬽˶ʾģɾͼʱԸ˽Ȩӿأ󲿷˶֪Ҫصġ
ôһͨ
ЩˣߵһԵɳϣһƽ㡣
˵ƽʵҲ̫ԡ
һŵɳλС£Թֻܰͷһϣȴһ࣬պ÷ڷϣѹðȥһ㣬Сشڰգϸѩףε
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褵ĹԺȻһ¡
ҲûֻϵèβͶ˶ЩСľ͵㿪ˡ
ǲ˿˽š
[ҺϲĻ磬ʴԼԼ˽壬۸Ǯ䷢һҪͼޣ]
һĴͼ
һˣźɫľװȳļԽŲ϶ԼļС
ɫģ
ƺزͷ䣬üĿ͸ɭĺ⣬·һֻƴҰޣһҧĺѹȸкԸС
˺һϣòҶ
һСģͿó
ˡ
Ҳ֪
һλнǿ츳һߵս٤ϵս֣ȱͻս֮ʣʮս˵УƲɵԺս
ڶʮһʱ޾ͱٽΣΪʷٽƬʽýץĵһĻ
ͬǶʮһ꣬˻ڶѧſԱҿƣȴѾڱǸǰУԱΪӢۡ
꣬սȡʤ˫ǩЭ顣
޽Ϊнȴڰ۵Ʊֻۣˣ˺Ϣ
һ£Ҳ֮ǰ
֪ô࣬Ϊ˼ҼҵӴһȦΪ㣬ȻҪҲմ˵ϵʲôϢܸ֪
ƬϵȻ׳Ӳ͸ŵɬôҲ벻ᷢıʡ
鸴ӣؿš
è˲°ͣŻȻܾ˶ԷԼ塣
壬Ҫõ˵У԰ɣ
ͷ˵ôһ䣬Ҳ֪ں˭˵
צһģǡþ͹ص˹޵Ƭǰʧ褿޹һ
ΣЩܵҲع鵽ʵô룬Ҳʶϧ֮󣬾ǹԼ
£ȹĵģèմϣȥϴˡ
ԡңó֮ǰèԡ裬Ƿɫèצ״о䡣
褾ôá
Ϊôˮϴò褲Ҫ̫ྫŬסֻҪרϸµϴͺá
ޱȣþצӾ;צӣõͷ͵ͷʡļˡ
èëմˮģרŵĭӣɫϾһˮȾ˵ɫģһˮ
һӣԲèӾĺԲ
ԲЦţϴˡ
ְԲ̳ôԡסëһ㴵ɣŷè
ۣǰʱβͶʶ̵ø߸ߵģһΡ
һŵĹ褣ɱͿβ棬Բġè
գһ۾
˵ģèָоѣ˾ͻ񫣬ÿʺٶܾ˵ġ
һֱûԹԴ˵еľָкܺ档ңèӵľ϶ܲ˵ģ꣬ҪȥҽԺˣʱԲĿɰèûˣֻʣ±˵Ŀǡ
ôһ룬ڲʵе
ǣԥһ룬Լ֮֡
ëޣеQ
ϵĺ
ͦãè뷨Ͳһˡ
ͷ񣬾ڿһ̬
褱飬Ϊתܿȴû뵽Լ˹ͦݵβ͡
ţ
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лҪ˵
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16 
褿ǰèβͣ˳Ĭ
èӹɣеܳ˼͵ˡ
һûж򷴵̧ͷ˹ԲèƺЩɻôˡ
һǵֵסǾָеջٴ
ŴQͻȻŴ̡
ô˺һᣬ褲Щջ֣һʺٽƽ̨һԼèβ£һ˵ôͿʼ˵λˣ˰ɣָ˵̫֣˼ֻǱèɵ˶ѡ
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褿֮󣬾ûԼèè£Ųòվ
ΪղŸèϴ裬ϲɱ⽦ЩˮɵTϻ˼èצӡʪһƬġ
Ҳȥϴ˸衣
·ߵ£ˮʪͷ˳Ƥһ·£ܿʪ͸
ֱǸ˵ϣӣɫèצӡԲģرɰ
褶е᲻ϴˡ
˺һᣬˮմʪèצӡԵЩģָУȻĦֱϲԽԽϴ
ˮǳɫЩ䣬Щ࣬˳ų³ķۺֱۣ⣬һСϪԡҽʧ
ϴְͷɣִ˴Ͷһͷɵĺڷɳǰ˵ɳϵ£ɲǣ£Ÿһſš
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Լȴ͵Ż͹õˣֱۣͷһڡƺȶ㣬ö촽Ѳ㴼Ũһ㶼û˷ѡ
ɳϣצӹҲȡ
褵̶㿪һøɾƵģצӱ褵ֱۺȲʹչȥһ¹褵°ͣͼ͵һζ
褾һţ̱ûȣˤϡ
èͷе̵ģͻȻƤ⧲Ĵʹ̲ס˿΢΢ü
˲佩סƺʶԼ˵ˣʮţΧŹ褴תǴδй࣬Եֺζ
Ȱţ̱ŵ輸ϣȻųɳ̧Լ°ͣûѪ
оû˿ڣӦֻĦۣû¡
褾ûܣݽɳ̹͡
ôô̰ԣţƽʱҲûԵģţ㲻ܺȣ˻岻֪𣿡
һҲ㣬ſ죬ͷһ¹褣ˣᣬûоһʹֻġ

ƺֺõǸ
Ưèè˻ƿˮ۾ˣһҲ᲻ýѵ˵ֻƽʱе䣬еè̬ԣ褸ûеֿ
ңû
ĸʺèûӹأֲǹģҲ֪ˡ
Ȼԭˡû뵽죬򶼵ߺСС̲סЦ
Ǳţ̺ٴֿ޵Ƭ
Ϊѧṹ߱Ƚ˽⣬Ǵžװڹȴֱ͸һ͸ͼ磬ȵļ·ڵ
޵Ŀ˵ǻƽʮף˿覴ãǺϲģء
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褿ˣıŵĴʶ֣Īе顣
ֻһƬѣֲǰҲܵźƤϴֵӲȡ
֮˽֮˵һܺԼģأǿҪĳ嶯ſʵˡ
룬Ӹ廭漰Ǯ治У˽»ԼӦÿ԰ɣ
̲סеĶ
ܼˣԷԸģؾͺˡ
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߻أҽԺ
Ȼδҵ޵ľ壬ѾûôˣΪǷ֣нľ״ͺת
űŰĺǵõʲôӿûôңĳЩ˲䣬ܳƵ˳ƽ͡
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֪˿ԻѹƣɸΣҴﵽһ̶ʱ˺Ͳ棬߻᳹ױʧȥǡ
ϾԲҲԷıʱѹҲܿһûֻ⹥ı
һ֢ĪͻȻԼ콵漣һ㡣
ҽ־ϲҲǿҵĺоʲôԭ򣿻;澭й𣿡
ųܡ
ǿнĶˣӿ죬ߣ
ͻȻ״˲ͳ嵽豸ǰ׼ӦԣֵǣֵֻͻȻ΢ЩδﵽΣֵ
⣬ôǡ
ҽĻ˵һ룬ͣ˶һʲô
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ԣнεʲô
Դ˵ľ˵һ֣ȴԵĶͱƽչֳԸΪʮֲͬΪǶÿƣûʶû͸޼ɵչ¶ϲ񣬺ڵرĳ˵ҲǱ˵
ˣ廹ͱžϵĽϵԶҲܸйͨ˿Կ忴黭棬ģŵģġ
ˣеޡʪ͸İTӳķɫèָĴУè
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PSǶλ˼ǣèǱˣ޵ĲԸ񣬾ͺñȣ޿褵Ļһ飬Ų٣ϸ롣ˣУֻǲèôֱס
⣬ԺҲоŶ



17 Դ
褾ܾܾСãӦһҫһȥøˡ
ʼеˡ
оƽʺ
ǰʮ̫Ŭ˳ڣ
ϳȥҫֱ档
Լһ˸ɰСѡ
ء
СèһСʱ仯ܿ죬ֱһһҶǴεƬͨƵٵ档
褷·𿴵èèá
ò˵ܿɰżèֵǳģ־ͿóżһƯ
ҫԼŮֺܱ谮չ˵úܺãȫһµСëѩɣʪ۾滹Ƿ۵ģп˶Ķ
褿еƲˣ̲סߣ¡
˳ɣһ㶼ˮ۾ĶҪˡ
°͵ʱᷢĽèУɰˡ
ߣ˲ַèצ棬һѩ׵ɽ棬֡
ҫСôϲԼұèèܵ⣬ӶҪȥˣǿ˵ûܲҼŮĿɰûУˣ
պõУż̵èУֱﶼðɰķɫݡ
ֱ
һֻèͻȻֱ֣ؿ׼ȷ˵Ƕš
褣ŵСżè
һ˲䣬ˣĪоԼǱŵ׽С
ߣèֽסʶջأװʲô¶ûӡ
ҫһʼû֣褵ıͻȻЩŹ֣ƣһӡ
ò˵񾭵ļһĳЩʱ򲻴ѿڶĻ൱׼׼
褳˳ǣ΢Ц
ʱѾ˹褵ĴϣռԼĵ̣Ӹ£ظֻżè
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Ĳżèɪһ£Ͱ͵һƺŵˡ
ҫȻǻԼŮģ־ͱ˳ë̲סèռǿ㻹è˻ؼ֮ǰҪϴɡ
Ƴһۣ˵㡣
ҫһǷЦʵ˵
ҫ罻ţ֢ڣûģʱûһ͹ȥˣ˷㡣
ҫȻ䷹ˣè
뵽ʶôǿԼʳﱻֳȥ᲻ˣһ㷴ӦûУһֱߣߵ𤵽ģ˸ƶèҼ
Էʱҫʹ֣̲סˡһֱ褼ҵèֻСһָ߹ģĳֻǲ֪ôģֱǣû֡
ڣèڳԷһ˵ԶʱĳﶼǱȽϺƢģרĳţƽʱҲһ¡
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ûèͷƢˡ
ǺܶèϰԵĹвһ͹ӣѹͷֱӳȥҧ
ҫɵ˶ȫ˷Ӧǹڿҧʱ̳׼ҧ򣡡
èԸ˹褵Ļſ
ҫ˦ֱ֣У仡ˣɺʹʹʹ٣ʹˣҪˣ
褱еŵģǸı飬˲ֻЦ
Ǳҧһ𣬲֪ĻΪֶˡ
ҫȥҶˣֵܵģ
褻û˵вƵһҫһ󲽣˲ߴġ
ܵԶ£褣èŶҺú£ӡ

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˭褼Էһ۵Ƭ̵سˣ̫ˣû
ҫҪݣϧ˰ס˿ڡΪüʱֻ˵ƤûгѪ
ԣԿóҫѡ
ԱСżèһɻؿҫèôģͷƺǰ޵Ϊ⡣
褿ˣָŸ⣬ҫ˵ŮˣΪɵӡ
ҫһ˱飬ֱŮǰҪӡ
żèԹԵģצӰԼèƹȥƵҫǰ
Ҫָҳ𣿡ҫһϲҪתͷҫŮమ褵Ƴһ̵ۣһ䡪
ɣѾڵɵԷˡ
ҫ˲ҭסҧ˸Ĵָö
ôţһСʱų緹
ҫŹһ˸ϷϷյֲ֣
ȻֲһҫشԼèؼңԹ褼ҵĳʦᣬ˵ҳʦûҪóԣϧ̫ˣûҪ
褺ԼңΪ˲䷹
֮󣬹褾ͻɳ£о˲䰲١ǰô֪ҫôȣӶе˵ġ
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뵽ԴףֻԼñԼ˶ס
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18 
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èȻôģƺܵ˲Сĳȫסˡ
һʼû֣£һ֪Ծˡ
ͷ۲򣬡ôˣһܽŵӣ
èţø
褲²Цѵǲ˼ˣ
˵ţ°ͣϷƵġ
Ҳһ˵Цѡ
Ͼôǳ˾Ҳֻèࡣ
ٿźܳһʱֹóĿ졣
褸оԼû죬һգ۾͵ĩ׼ѧˣ˼ǡ
Ȼҵô֪
褲ţڿѧ֪ͨʱȺҵļ
ѧҪҵ𣿡ڵϣﱧèסצӻ˻ΣԴ𣬡̫ˣ͵ûˡ
ܼҳѣѧúҵѧ֣ûɺҲӲò
һڵ̺ϣҪ˵ô̵£һ޵ġ
ܼңްɡ
褺һסצӴͼèҵ
ܼҿ˿Цãèҵʱ䣬Լˡ
ڹǿèдʱܼ̲ס˾죬ƺڵ仰̧ͷ˵ҲеΪèˣԣдɡ
ܼң
褹ѹһҵͷۣء
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۾βһĨɫ͵͵ģһ˿ǻǿء
ܼңҰдһ롣
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Ȼܹܼҵǳԣӽʮӣ褾ý̫ˣҲֵֹģϾҪ䣬ܼҺ͹ͬģܼҳûþ͵˹˼Ϊ褷ʱ褻ֻǸճСӤ
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ſڹߵĺèһ磬Ȼ̧ͷĿĵģƺ̫ˡ
ҵ˰֣褸Ӳżҵˣһ
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褺ͬģ̲סһѹһѹģͦ档
ҵͲְ֪ܶ࣬ʶ͸ˣһ͸㶨ˣܼһҲܿˡ
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ڣҪˣȻûҪǡԽǰţֱֱ棬ڲ۵Ľ¡ԣ˯ܷ㣬ױʦϡ
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19 
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һתͰסĿȣߡ
褺ӣ֮󣬻Ȱ±ܴ˲ף˱
褾ʹһȥϿˣ׼ܻС
ⷽ棬褶Ǻĵġ
ֻҪǲţر
˽ң˸λáûλˣʦһʱһţﻹèڡ
ǣֱڵ£ŵèſţ
Ȼ󣬹óˮͷˮͷ΢΢
һϣͺƿˮɾÿʣ쳣ȱˮ̲סԼǲǳʲô⡣
ϿʱһŮ񣬲俴򴰱ŵĹ褣ˮĲգȾʵĽߣ·һ˾һ塣

Ȼǰ֪褵ĳܳɫôоӡ֪ʲôݣ˺һᣬžùƻǿʣøպײϽʯ׹ĺǡ
褶Դ˺֪飬һΣһֻŵè棬һḧһ°ָͣˣĶ侯档
һڴκܿȥ
褱ֱӻؼҵģҫͻȻ˸绰ȼΪʲô£ȥ˲֪Ǵϰȱˣϡ
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һʼѻͦظ˵仰óʲôԴ˭Ͷ׼֮ģûãǾͷͦ򣬵ǶǣŶӺ
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20 
һ죬ѧУر׿ʣֶֶֺ˺ܶˮҲǾòǸɵԼҲףôܻ⡣
ܹܼҸ壬ʾ쳣
ҪҪҸûεʱ䣬ȥҽԺһʱϣ͵õ˴𰸡ֻȱˮ⣬֮ǰΪʲôͻȻô㣬裬ΪǻþƬ˽͡
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褻ħõУûôӦԣ³β;Ͳʼį˷ܵĴˮ棬һˮ

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βӦһ֣ȰɣôͻȻԼˣèβһһ
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21 
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ܿģŵ˵ϣèֻצᰴסƿصúû˵ȴҲѲá
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22 ׼
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23 
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ǣ֪һ㣬ǲһٵĴ˵𣿾͸идС˵ΪʵиǾ죬ֲԾȻץˣ֮ȷǸдһǶ𣿡
ģģдС˵ץҲģˣǸĵĹС˵ߣǸϴֵĵץҲġ
Ҳ١5G˵ĹŴ˰ɣ
ⶼƫˣ˵ѧУ뵽нţƣż񰡣Ҫǩ
㷢ΰɣнֲǣôܸǩסһǳֵ𾴵ľˡûע⼸٤ϵսҪнһֱ󱣻԰нǣ
Ҽǵнܺãĸţǿǿϣŵ˵Ǹ̫үھ֮󣬾ͷ̳мҵȥξˡ棬ҿ϶սǿʱܻ˵ġ
Ǿ仰ʲô¾ãǸǰС
ǰǵ̬Ҫ㡣
ҪԵ˵ıԺΪʲô

սڵľǰһѪȻҶ̫աһοϮ˴㣬Ҳڹؼʱ䵯סкȻը֪ڻΪֻһʢ̻ݡ
һΣǾ˵
֪ͨսжٴεΣǲǸסƽȵ
Ȼսû֪ܶĻм;ġ
ȺձˣҶԾҪμӽʵеܽ򣬾һ֡
褿ȥѧУʱסˡ
˶ˣ
ܲμӻĻӦǻָúܲˡ
ȻûеԵܵĳ̶ȣҲȷʵΪ塣ȺϢʱҲˣ̾͸ʻϵͳ˸ַȥѧУ
ٵʱţл˾ͺˡû뵽ˣȻ
³֮󣬹褾ֱá
ѧ½½λ£С˵ŻԶ׼˷ܼƵģ֡
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Ҳ֧ˡ
Ȼ󣬸ôˣݽ̨ϵ˶ϡ
Ŀһʵʵ߶ͷƤ顣
˼룬ͷӦ
ӦֻĴ
ֲʶΧôͬѧҲоԼţԾֻΪ̫ǿѹȸС
˵Լ󣬵ͷǵߣ΢Щ
ȻǴۿʼ
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нսܶ˶֪ټϼ˺󣬲ŷԭϾƬӢǴ˼ֵ꣬Զǡ
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ΪǸѧչʾõʽ⽣͹ǹ
һ̸ѧǶܺ棬岻Ծǰ㣬ҪøЩҶúͬѧҲ̨ϵĳǻǸ뿴ˡ
޵ƽһһʶ͹죬ʹá
Žһһγɽ״ĿӲ죬ȴնϽ塣
⽣͹ǹֳʹãһֱƽδʶһѧ˷ܲѣ۷Ź⣬಻סС̾䡣
ֻ޻ռһЩսֲӣӦνӦԣȡԮᡣ
ݽ̨ϣӳⳡ
ƣľïʢҰ⣬ɫͬʱҲΣա
ǲҰ⣬Ӧȣ򣬻ȡˮԴΣյȵȡ
ȫЩɻûʱǲ֪ʶһˣǾǾԿס
Ϊⳡʮ޼ĻҲڳͬѧԺӡ󣬺ɵˡ
Щ֪ʶΪȤǰ˽ν˵棬һָϰ
Ҳûвͷע̨ϵסˣ۾һգգؿš
ҵߣ޵Ķһ£ܿģָֻ糣Լûκ˷ֲԡ
褿޼ȳģ̲סЩ
뻭ˣ˽ǰӿһƵĳ嶯
Ҫʺֽ
ϲûУĻҲ˼ڵ¸С·ֻҪһͷͻᱻץס
ֻܿţԺйεӲ¶ιãȻϸڣ׳ʵļ⣬Ժɶɣ޳׳ĴȣмԼ
һĶãȴרעΧѧҪȫעؿ̨ϵˡڱƺҲñǰˣڣں棬ôԶľ룬һ̨˵ģ·ǰ
ߵѧҲŽΪԼ˳ȥ棬ʱЩס͵ܵģû뵽ϵˣŷϢȥ˵Լ
͵͵ʱ۽ǵⲻڹϣһ¡
չƯݰףǶԪֽ߳Ƭˡ
رǣ۽մʲôϸ˸γһ⡣
̲סһ̾
ˣתͷȥһؿ
΢㶣ܿ뵽ʲôĵӿ𲻺õԤС
ðƬˣ
˵վѵһλָСʱ
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Һãԭںţſںܽڴҵעڽϣû˻Ȼϯ
ֻΪʵϣݽ̨ϵһֱĬĬעⳡΪġ
ΪߣãôԶҲɫһ䣬·ŵñӴҴ뿪ñӱԵ̳һǳɫľ
˲ô£һֻϲɫûκα仯
ѸβʾʦȻϸȥܻʲôɣܷһʲôľ߲ܡ
˵ܡ
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ʱ䣬ѧУûʲô·ߣȻ𷢱ۣϻЩƬӣ϶˵ע⡣
褺٣ΪͻȻľ˶Ⱦǳ죬ͣ
ͻȻĽŲ˲䣬ûӦͱס죬ЩǿӲƽĸ䡣
лҪ˵
ĳ˵һμ治̫ͻأƽ˸䣬һ㶼ͻأ^^



24 
һƬհף֪˭һ¾ͱס
T΢΢ʪճı򾪿ֶ
ʶײȥ˺ɵذסˣ޷
ĺ󱳺һż̵͸ĲԴԴϮΪýܸоʵļ
Էߴܶ࣬Ͼռơ
褺ܿʶһ㣬پףô״˵Уڱܷݲİ˽Уѵͬѧı̬룬µʵ̫ĳЩĳˡ
ȻģȺϣ˷䲻ڡ
Ҷᱻ֡
ͳдԣڴʱֻùͷƤ飬ӾΣա
ܿ˵˼˽ϴּ䣬Ųˡ
һֻʵʵסҲֻ촽ڶԷ΢ģ
ֻΪĶЩӲֻǹûע⵽
ǰţ˫ּڸǽϣ֮УﻹЩԻ˵ôźе죿
ǽϣŪЩ죬˸ע⡣
ιûʲôǸ䴫ġһ˷ܣǷʲô̼¡
𣿡һɻ
϶Уܺãжұ֤¡ѹĵζ
ܰɣϴּ䡣
ͳĵصŴ̼ռСʱпܱ֣Ҿʯˣ
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һĬ룬˵ˡ
ˣ
Ȼأѵ㻹ſ͵߼룿
ţţŲԶ
˵ĹУһֱӲŲҶŪʲôĶϾڵȷʵ޴ӽ͡
ѾϤ˭ˣղһСʱŰѶԷԺﹴ˰εֻѹˣټϻţһʱûڣ˾Ȼƽϴּ䡣
𾪲ŵͬʱҲûкˡΪн£ͻȻ϶³
褶ζȺܸߣΪǾˣ˽һЩ¼Ʒɿ˲ͷ֪ԼûΣա
ңѵǰ¶Ҳ⣬ܵõһЩ㡣Ͼ޾һλߣǰˡ
ΪҲûпֻ̫࣬ʶסӣӦʱѾ˹ס˸
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褲㰫һװˣһ׾Űˣν׳ԵеݽС
ײʱݣɾ׽ס
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סֲһ漴һģʡ
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鲻ãֻˢ֣һСĵ㵽ƽAӽɵNPC
ؿŵϿİ׷ʬ壬ˡ
⣿NPCô
ָֹе֮żС֮ÿһBOSS񶼺ܹŹ֣ɫ͸̿Ƶķ
ܾ֮˲ףϷԭĳλ״Ϊ˹ģΪľ
PS
״XɱϹnεСɰ
ħСү
СүǾǸ֮ӣСʳǧ谮ǸĽС竡
һ츮µˣһ书ڵıСү
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Сү֪󣬻һԼƽʱôλɴеġ
赹ˮ紷ź£ؿϣָʹԼůš
ʱСүӦúĪʹģ
Сүһؽ棬Ưµü̧°˵ѵбݣͲҵˣˣ
ħ˫۶ȻЦˣǣү
ҵСүԶǡ



25 Ӿ
ң ʱûʲôˡ
ޱһ߳ȥͺܿŵĳղžΪһ˹ԣ óԶʻšԣһͼʱϳ ûб˿
ܿ ԣ ´ࡣ
Ϊü޲ǰȷŵλϣԼ£ ǾŴᱧ˵ƣֱӽ˳һȻ޵Ĵϡ
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ԥһᣬ ֳɳͼ ̫ƵԱȥϾվѣ βͲÿƣ ⲻˮ
޲ˣֱֽ ŵɳϡ
鷳ˣ лл
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׼뿪ȻҲˣǰߵĶ΢ɲضһ¡
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ץˣеΣһ˲ܿͻָû̶ߣŶ˼룬µصͷ硣
΢漴ֽ߷Żصϣֻʶһ㻡ȣݼš
¾磬Ҳˣ룬ɴ˹ԣβһ˦ȥΪҪ˵ĻЩݣûкֱӵؿڣ̵ˮ棬ֻ¶һ˫͸ĺɫ۾͵ޡ
βˮ¸βʶذڶһӯ͸ӣҲ˱¶顣
ٴƫͷ˹ȥ
ʪյСëԲԲ۾ʪ͸ְӾرߣ¶ϸ׵ָ⣬ĪһֻȮֿɰ
һ˲䣬ǱƻˣʶʣҪʲô
ƺܹҪʲô˵á
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޴ôҲû뵽Ҫһʱסһ룬Ҳ֮СĻ޾Ϳó褺ϲֻèÿʱÿ̶һ
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ֻҪ֣ǳ죬ֻҪߣèһ˲ʲô
ԭҪͷӦ޶סˣԺﲻԾ𣬲ǰ褶Թܼҽи磬аæдҵĻ档
Ź褣ڵʲô
褲ΪǳĬܾ˼ЩʧصͷǳɫͷǱðˣҪһɣˮһĵ㡣
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ڱ˼ȴŤоദûκθҡ˲ŵһμ棬ȴѾʶ˺ܾһȻ׽
̲סɣѵԼҲʲô罻ţ֢
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ʵҲˮӾһӾ
ˮϿʱҲˮ°ڶֻë޵צӣܿɰιȥΧŹ褴תβڹ褾࣬
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׼Ҫߵʱ򣬹褻ͷǸӾػе㲻ᣬں¶ϣܿƯķ羰
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һоԱŮٽУǱòû漴۷Ź⡣
褱ŰΧһʱе㱻ԾˣڵϣʶڳΨһʶ޿һۡ
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оԱǶʱ侲ЩԼڼԵе̬ˣӰĿȷƵģҲƢá
оԱǲԼͬվֱϵİ״ӣ˲ƽͣ¶òŵЦݣ˼̣չֳԼרҵԣŵС
褾͸һȥ飬Ϊ⣬ѣΨһһ㣬ĿȻҲͨϸӣ˸ϸµȫ飬˺üѪ
ọ̈̄޶š
褾ûҪһλнԼһоĺ˷ʱ䡣˵¾ȥæԼһ˿ԣ޻ûߡ
˵鲻Ҫ㣬иʶڣоȷʵܲһᰲĺܶࡣ
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߹ȥվڹǰЩˡ
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Ȼ֣èצһٿ¶˷ļצź⡣



26 
褿Լצӣ һȣ޵ǷӦƽֹȻ˵顣
ڿȷһˣ ϵͳѵһǿ
ָ⣬ Ȼŷſײеצӣ ȷʵ⣬ Ͼݰʵںƭԡ
Ưһצ˺ѪĽһǿҵķС
ʣҪȥѵרΪ׼ѵͨʵӦķ Ҳˡ
褺ޣЩҲûͷʹӦˡ
Ȼע޵°ϡߵȳǿ ˿գۼˣֻһǳǳ˺ۣ ϣ 覴ã˼Ұԡ
Ȼģ ˵е㱧Ǹ
زĿ⣬ ƽû£ ̶С
´Ǿͺá
ȥѵҵ·ϣ Ͽε£ ӣ û취ȥѧУ
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û뵽޶ǺˣЩ죬СҿԼģ鷳ˡ
ޣþ鷳¾ߣҪ⣬ҽļ໤ˡ
໤ˣǲǸĸ
޲ʣͣ½ŲתͷȥֻΪߣʱԵļ໤ˡΪҷ㣬Եݽ໤˵롣
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գһ۾ʵ벻ԼΪʲôҪܾ˵èߣҡͷˡ
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޶񣬵ߵĻȻеҭסҪǿʲôֽ׶Σѡ
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޽˼򵥵Ľ⣬Ȼͱ褣ŵѵ˺ߵֹء
ѵȫϢϷͨԵ粨ӣ뵽ǰúõĳݲͬ͵ľߣŲͬҰⱳжʮֱ棬ԴﵽѵЧ
ʹȻҲԵΪǵһѵ޵úֻܵͣ20%ԱʵڳƵʴᡣ
褵ľ㣬ѵȻǺ
һƵĹ⣬׹ڰ
ʱ͸оΧĺˮȱȫϢϷߣ֪»ΪԼں
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һΣɺϣÿһܿˡ
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ǱȽֵҵģʯɺǧѻɣСһγɽ壬ʯͷ֮಻϶㴩ι
褾ʯΪʱ壬Ĵأϱ任λá
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ͻȻ˯ʱβͲСĳһ¡Ա֮£Ƿǳˡ



27 èè
ˣ ȥģ֪ԼβȻôɱ
跭ʧȥʶ һ׸ģʱܾȡ
褾ŴһȦ ղŽ׷㣬 ȴһβͳò˵ гɾ͸С
ֻɱ裬ǿֱֹ״̬ʱ䳤15ӡů㣬 ҪζѪҺʱ䲻޷Ͷ̼ͻᵼѪҺкͣ Ϣ
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оԱĬĬֽעƻصϡ
׸ɾķ һ𷢱۵㣬ذڶ޳β ׵ǳĽ䣬 Ƭٹ ΢΢Ŀ
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褶һ˳裬ѹµֵҪսʿس̶ȣֵԽߣҪԽѡ
ֵߵ˵ֻǽ0.5Ѿǻȥϣ൱ԭ֢ĲҵЧƲҩ
褵Ϊһλ򾲼ˮٽ裬컯ֵ9.3ܺ˵ʱ˵Ȧ˲ˡ
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ҪһһСľͰѿ˺ˣ֮˺ܶ࣬һûеĵز
޳Ĭţָһ¿ӣٴſڡ
ںò״˿ӣ̤ѵգڵذϸȴȻ˫Ȳʹĸоֱˤϡ
վڷ⣬ţɼֱͦɫϸͻᷢʵһ㶼ݡ
˺һᣬ褶ûг
΢΢ü죬˽ȥͿڵϣһˤ˵ӣģš
Ǳƭϰӵ˫ȣ·
̿µСϸףѩƵģƯЩ΢󶼻ºۼˡ
޵߲Ծͣ档
褣Ϊֻ޲ҹ



29 
о仰˵ 21һϰߡ
ʱ褲ٿβͣһˮ һ£ӦΪˮ ذڶβεúܿ죬ڱˣ Ȼһʱ֮䲻· ѧˡ
ǹôû뵽ġ
޽ź󣬲һ վԭ˼룬Ȼ߹һȦס һס֣ӵϰ뱧 վš
ȫ̶˼̧ͷ͸ ̫ˣֱ޲굽ص²
ңȫ·ˣֻڴɾ˵ˣ˫ȷ ץסģʲôȷ·ˣ ôڣ ȷ·Լģ ֵֹġ
ߵͬͬţŰҽţܴ
ʱϳˣӣȥһȦȫǶˡʵڲУΰɣ÷·
褱ѧ·ҡҡλε죬ֺĿɰϲУЦʱҪЦˣ褿϶᲻ˣҲϵġ
ԣɫ䣬һı䵭ֻڹˤӵʱְȻĸ첲Ӧ·
ߵô˿εͷƤںһ㣬һᣬܿЦ˵һҹصӤʱˡ
˵վѲãҲһ
⣬ͻȻе棬ǰҲ
ǵ޵ľɭ׺ޣ֮
צߣǱʱ򣬻̲סֽ𣿾ˮβһ
һ£Щ̿
ƺ뷨ܿϣûУ˼ܿӦˡ
ԣ̫ûˣ
褵ͷԼȣԼ̫ϡ
ٴνͣһ죬ָܻ·죬ȦͿˡ
褶޵ĻкܸߵζȣһӣȻԼߣȻûþͼָ糣Ȼ΢ıŤϸ
ε£ȻбҪоŶӡ
褺һ߳˷䣬С
˵һμļӣģ֮ദ壬һ𲢼ߣЩʣʶһҲûжٲڡ
ΪҪӦ·Ǿû˵ݣѡ¥ݡ¥ϤоԱ
ˣ
ͻȻȳ˹褵ע˽£һŲȿ̨ף͵ǰۿҪǱعµµ¥ݡ
޷Ӧ죬˲ȥٶȣҲֻһֱעŲ
ھѺҲʵı仯ԶӣѸץסߵ¥ݷסԼһ֨ŤӲץΣѡ
褣
һ˲
޵εֱͣԣŷĶ¥վŵоԱһ㵡
˵ǶĹȻƯ޺ĺѧֲСľͰ¥ݷϣǿҷĻ棬ǲС
Ǹ
褳Ĭ˼룬ɿָԼֻ֡һ˿ӵĽ˲䳹׶ѡ褵ıøӸ΢ˡ
һġ
޲֪ʲôʱҲѾ֣˵ãﾭжӦʩ
䣬ȻŹ޲ˡ
ˣ֪ԼΨһһˣ˿
оԱţû˵ʵΪвپߵԵʣò϶Ƶģι̣һץϵģʵѵһ
֮󣬽ɫɫ۾ֱ˺ڷûôiƻ󣬵üɹ־£ʸɾڽ϶̲סͷ࿴ۡ
Ѻ󣬼̬£褵ĹǿҲǰ˺ܶࡣ
ҲаãģʱЧԡ
ýƵľʧҲǺ׼ϾҲܰʲôѹϣ̫ѹ͸ù褾ʹùȳ⣬⡣Ը֯æѾһ¡
ǣоŶӰеʧ䣬ָֻܿ侲Թ˵ѵյӦѵȼƻĿ꣬չ˳ڱΣԽϵͳѵ
ѵʶʡ
оԱޣٶȡЭ͡ѵһɼ໤˸𣬲нæǴá
δ˵޾͵ͷˣһḺ𡣡
оԱϲ̫ˣ
ڻڣнõĽ̹֮һŶӵȻϣԼЭӵõԴ˵н褵ļ໤ˣǻЩģнΪæûʱָʵ֤ʵǵĶˡ
н˵Ǽļ໤ˣලͬæҲʱֱȰְչ˶ӻҪ𡣾ܣ̫ǡܳ˵޵ӳ̶ȡ
ټϣ֪޾ݣżųèrua£ó޸²ŵ˼ͶĬĬԹۣ֣ĺ䡣
һ棬ڴнԸϾһֱΪףøսһܲףһ棬ֵǲ紫˵һ㣬Ӵвҵĺ
ֻʲôҲûãڿⷽ뷨
޴Źһȥѵҡ
ȫǽ͵϶һƱ棬ͨذ죬ͻ߳࣬ߵǻͨذ壬׾ͻᱻҳѺۻǰӡ
褻ܣһȦȸ˻
ǰѧɢ򣿡
ͳʶͷһѭ˹ȥͷ޴ǽ˲ٿ壬£ҵһ׼
ȴûлش𣬶Щؿޣˡ
Ϊ޲֪ʲôʱһɫģ¶Сɫĸ첲ļĲ£ؼۣȫճģɶŨҲݺӣ͸ԵҰ
סȫΪһοôˡ
֮ǰ޴·ûôֻ褲ŷ֣Լˣʵʾ׳ʵö࣬ǹֿŵĴ鼡⣬ǡôԸС
ģԿ˶̲סĽ
Ȼûжĵľĺͺ;̾
޵Ȼоõߣڲ̨ϵһϼⶼʶøۡ
ǵЩ
ֻؼ褷֣ÿһ׼زϣǿҼĻ滭
һᣬųٶ۵طӦԼʱЩˣԳƵðƿߡ
޲ײطЩͬʱ΢΢ѹŲá
ƺЩ΢
תƻ⣬ʣҲҪһȥ
޾˵ôģȥ̫Զûģ㲻ĻԻϡ
ȥվȷʵ̫á
ǣ褵ͷӹģɴѵ£ˡ
ѵֶֻеģȻûй˼ʲô
ѩ׵ļƯĺǰһֱܿڵס޲֪ô£Դǿհһ˲
ĵԺܺãͲԣڹҲֻһɣܹճԼ¶ĸ첲û޽ʵҲбһ㼡⣬ɬ֮䡣
Сûʲô⣬ǱĴֵĿƫ󣬴ڹϣͿҸº棬V״¶ƬƤ
ͬıģϣȴȫһЧ
Ŀźۼƿߡ
׼𣿡
Щɳƣѹʲô
ţΪ޲ĥ䣬Ӧ
󣬿ԸоȻһ̧ŻʲôƽʱѣҪø
⼶ȫ˵ĳܷΧֻſڵ϶ãǿȸߵľ˵ȴֻǶ
ܽ𣿡̧ۣ۲Ź褵ɫ
ǰŴϥ΢΢ʶճȭͷ
վֱһ£Ȼ˵á
ҿʼˡ
վڹ褶棬üһ˲ͽս״̬˼Ϲ˹
Ϊл޲ô𣬶ͨʵʶսָѧʽָȱ©
ûжĶÿһжĿģͷ汸жȡ
ʵϣԭǿѵģһ֪ˡǰȷʵϲɢѧˣֻǰ˸ѧҵأͺ˼Ҳ˲١
û뵽ѧʱӿЩ飬ײѪҺڣúˬ
ɫ죬Ҳôأϴ죬ʪ͸ϡ
ȣֺʹ졣
ѵֻƤĦײżָĵͳʣ¶ǼٲϵĴϢ
˲֪ã˵ͣϢһ¡
褸պڽһȭӹȥͣ£ղ޼״׽סԱһжĹơ
һĻǹ˽޵ĻͻȻڣȴֱһקø˵弸
˶岻ɢ㡣¶ֱƤ̣ĺҺһ𣬷ֲҡ
һͣ͸о˻۵òУϺˣһ˵ϣ˫Ŀգڴڵشž
ɫ΢䣬̶鿴ﲻ
褰ۣ΢΢ƫͷҸоҿˡ
ü
ʪĺڷ࣬ͨ죬ӵ䲱Ӷ͸ֱۺСҲ˺üࡣǸⲫɱˣָãĻڶ춼ȥ
褵۾ʧȥ˸߹⣬һ̱ڵϣǱпŰֿġ
һĶʹһɢˣˡ
Ȼңͼӱܽѵ
׹ɿҲЩЦģжʱû˰ɣ
Ҫǿѵ̷ҾֻһЩǿ˶

޿ǺôһլڼһٵģžͲվţžͲţж
һϣװ֮飬֮Ŭ˵ԼϸĽ̹١
ȴ΢΢ֱ۴Ȳָ࣬ڵϵ˵㣬ƽ˵ģֻǸտʼԺǿȼӴͻᷢڵѵʲôϰ˾ͺˡ
褲ŵصɴ۾һ㻹Ǹı顣
̲סǡ
ڵϣҰһ۾Ϳˣ˵㻹Цǹҵİɣ
ѹƺ֪ԼղЦˣ֪ΪʲôʶΣû㡣
褹ʹļףװҲˣɵ𣿡
ޣ
˵ͻȻ
ԣûҾǸɵӡ
ΪӱѵѾԺ·ߣһɷµ档Ϊɵѵ
ޣ
ȻѵЩ˵
޳ĬϢһᣬȻ˵
֮еģûеõӦ
޿ȥΪһѾ͵ذһ˵ı飬ˣû뵽ǵ͹
褱۾Ѿڵ˯ˣʶز죬Ӳ
޿Цãǰ˽ˣѵ
ڽˣȥԡϴȥһȵĺ
褻о·߲ˣֺ̲ܶסһۣһۡ
ôˣ
һɣһΡ
޶һ£ܾС
褿ͰͣҸо߲ȥãҵȿܷˡ
ޣҲҪȥʵ߲ҿԷһѡ
ִɲء
褹Ͼܾ˭ʹϸĽ̹٣á
뵽⣬ͻȻӦ
ȵȣôҶˣԣ
һѧԱöԽ̹
ڵ˯
ֱҴ
޵ƢҲܺˣȻû
Щƣദôʱ䣬Ѿ޵ɺ׽
ǰСҫ²۹˵е罻ţ֢罻ţ֢罻־֢֮䣬˵ˣǰܷ˵İܲ˵Ͳ˵롣֢״أڶ̬Ȼͬ
ڶޣȫǶѲе̬ȡ
˼ţ˫첽ʳȥȥȻزС



30 
кüʳã ɾϵḻչ˵˸طĿζ˲θڣҲԼԵģ ˻ݵ뵽 ļȡ
ʳҲи褵Ŀζ飬  Թʳõķˣûκޣ Ȼͳˡ
˼֮󣬹褾ͷּûһԼԲߵģ ʣ ̾ضϸڵİѿءн꣬䷿ӣһεǼΣ ʮȣ Сĸֲ۵Сϸڣмˡ
ŶоԱ֪ϲԲͬʳ е֮ ᲻ʱزµʳ˵Ǵҷų ʵʾרΪ˹׼ģÿζͦϹ褵Ŀζ
߽ʳã ˵ʳϮ ˾öӸˣ ռ˶һ ܺ
ɨһۣȥкĶ顣޸һ
ȵĹУվһ㶼ֱģʱһᵹ˯š˵λǺбҪġ
褰ۣԴһһ㣬һ£ұ߻ΣַӶҪˤֱͦ߿ƲסŹĻζĪе񱻶èè
һҪˤӣʶȥ̣ҡһΣƫеƽУ޽˸գЩЦ
ͻȻŵһԼĻܵʳͻأ
գһ۾ŬζƮķ򣬷־ǲԶһ顣
һۿȥ˲ͱһע⡣
Ǹˣڷ磬ɢһ࣬β΢ٳòܳʣһȴֺĸо˫΢΢Ư۾ŵһζĪ棬ʮֹˡ
ֻöԷúÿһʱֱ治Ů
տ룬ԷͲˣ˹Ŀڹʱɵһ㶣漴Цˣ۵Ǿޣܺõӡ
ԭһοˣʱֱҪߣȴ׳ס˻ͷЦ˵˾ʲô˲ɿ֣Լ߹ȥ
߸ǻꡣ
޵ĽͣʣеĻŮģ
С
Щ죬漴־ͦòᣬǼܱһŮҪϸܿġ
ûһᣬߵ˹ǰ˵ǸΨһ߰ɣòҲֻˡҽճڼˡ
⣬ΪԼҳ裿
ǣҡͷҵ컯ֵߣֻû㣬һиƯ
һ㶣أҲܺÿ
ЦŨˣֱ˵Һϲ㡣
һһ飬ĻҲɫ΢
Һãû˵ĺ仰úÿˣҶϲԽÿԽϲѰɡ
룬иԣҲ˷С
ǣ˵˳Ȼɡ
һۣȻ֮Ҫ˽⣬֪ľ壬ҲӦ֪ҵġ
ֲߡ
֣ðһŲƵĸʢŴӵŵǳɫСִ
褿ţ֪ôģʶ̧ͷͷ
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ҡΣڴк
褱ɰˡ
ժһ仨ŵϣЦ˵͸㡣
褣лл
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褣ʲô
˿
ЦŻشȻԼĶ飬褿ȥŷǸлˣͷգһ⣬ɫǸƤУȴһϸĻɫƵĲƣ׺СɰŮĻ䲻
ϵĻǺղſĻһѵϲͻѣ
˼ţѻսڴ˲˶̣ҿλ£ȴ޵ʱʱӹĿڴ
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ĬԣֻжŻ˵䣬ţⱻˣҲټȥ͵һ䣬ȻԼϺ˼
褣
ôо⻥еgaygayģһڳ㻹ǳԹ
褿ɫĺ㣬˳˼
˼룬Ϸתζس㣬Ϊ
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һ٣ŷӦԼԹ褹ڷ˵˲˵ġ֪ݵǾ򣬶Լ
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ףǵĶԻüζ˵໤ҪܰҲδ̫˰ɣ
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ɨһۣ˵á
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۰Ͱ͵ؿޣճɹ޵ͷ˰Сʱѵˡ
ڶ棬°Ϳһ̾Ϊֹײײ꣬ѹ˵н𣿡
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Ŀ˼룬Żƿ
褻һգè˻ȥ
Щʧ䣬Ҳϵˣ޿ɱ⡣
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褶ʱһƭ˵ı飬˵ͻȻжá
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褸ղֻ˯ˣǵģҲûǴ޵ġ
ƣû͵е㻯Ϊ޷йȭ
޿ˣҲûκεĲã˵ЦĵָƫˣȲ̧òߵȡ
ѧɢ򣬵ǸΪǿұ˵ȽºͣȽϣȻǺ;ĸȡ޽̵ĸӾ׼׺ݣûκζĶȭȭ⣬˹ԡ
ʦͽ
Ȼѵˣ褵ߡǸߣҲѵôͣҲԱ
ͣŵϷ裬ͬʱ褵βצֲһ㸨еս˵ǣܴ̣ƫȫܡ
褻ûʶһ㣬̬ȽϷʲôʲôæͺãûȫͶ룬ƴѵ
޴ûָ̬ת䡣ΪȻ͵ÿѵĿ껹Ǵﵽˡڽѹ̫󣬲ɳжȣӳԶЧãҲھѸ컯
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ԾĲˣǵһμ
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ʱƣܷܲһֱ˯ȥҽ
һģҽͿˡ褵ҵȾ˶Ҫǿȷ֪־ᶨԼҪױ綯ҡ
ˣΪĥѶԼϢɵʱͿռ䣬Ȼǰ
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δ䣬褾ҡͷһ˵ҽҾҺҪ
ҽһ٣ǿԼĶЦŨô˵
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ҽֻ֪̿͵ϾʱҲǲУ붺һСнӦòҸ˰ɡ
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褻һתͷǺվһֻ
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ҽҲǰĻ棬Цü򷢶
ڿƼοڹϿֱƺǸϲǺ͵ˡ
֪н⻰ʲô뷨
ҽ͹褶ʱ䣬һһСʱȻš
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ҽ˵ͦõģС̬еѹҲ̫ϸˡͶˡ
ƫͷ褣һ޹Цʲôû˵
֪ˣעģ鷳ҽˡ
ҽޣ̲ס˵ҲŶʮ꣬Լ̫ϳˣѧѧС褣ɰر˵ĳ
ѵÿ˶˵̣ԼѧϰʱЦ䣬еֻζ
ҽʮ꣬ǶǿСӣԾ߶䣬ɣԼôѹȻǼ໤ˣְ֡
ûвͷͷӦˣš
ְʱüһ룬Լô
ʵϣҽֻ˵ڸ𣬲̫࣬ʱԼ޹ע㲻ͬˡϾ˲ǹ褵Ļ̬ǲһģϸȻϸ񣬵ᳬѰġ
뿪ˣ褶Ǳﲻסƫͷ͵͵Ц
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ֲȶر壬죬ٴαΡڣܿתеԤУڱ֮ǰ׼ͻȻ·˺ѣ߹ţ̫Ǳ
ʱſڵǱߣβʹˮˣ˶յģ鲻Ǻܺá
ֱϣѹ⣬һЩԵòˣһַֻڵ⣬ϸ׵ָ˶ʲôĶǰյģֻ
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32 
ôɰ Ĳǿ𣿡褾ãԷһĺã֮ǰȥҽԺʱ ҪҽһϷ ҽ ˵ ģҲû취
ϴװ޵ľ飬 ԼݼǿƭһƭģϣҪ֮Ͳʺˡ
˸ĸȻţ ȴҲԼĶӣת˸⣬ ˰κ Źҵ绰
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Ūġ
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΢һ˲
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ȻʺϽ̸ô
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ҽڲſڶһ£Ȼ󶼿첽ȥм飬ûʲôʵ֢״
ȻţΪθߴ󣬼УټϾս̣ü۷纮У͸ɱƺˣһ˸ҿ



33 è
һμµ Ȼ׾ܹȥģںܶȻͷƤ飬 ޲õطײǽʧ䣬 ݵΡ
褽죬 еޣԻѾþϵƽװģʵֻ
޵ɫҲһһ䵭ˣ Χ˴Ҵ ˵С˶˵нɫô òʧ˰ɡ
ڲµһ仰 ȴһСĴࡣ
ң ޵ң û̸ڰ׶ΣͼͶԷϤԶˡ
޵鵱Ȼܲá
θеȻԼ£ɹҲ޿ޣֻʱЩ
ڣ̲סˡ
ŵĹ褣 ͻȻӿһֵĸо
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ֱߣ ӰΣݺӡ
ߵš
ֵǣĿⲻ⣬Ҳûù褲еֻǾñŤŹ֡
ͨԣĻ棬ʲôûз֡
ôߣ˵ܲһΪ˹̬˲Ŷԣȷʵûһ˷ֲԾ
ΪΨһ㣬Ա
ţ¸޻оŶӵˡ
һӰ͵س˹һͰ͵ġ
סʲô룬ʶèԼķ䡣
Ȼ֪ôˡ
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һ£ԼǸɫռ˱ˡ
Ӳ£׼ŵϡ
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͵͵ٹ褣Ϊ޵ľ֪˱ǿҵڳ嶯ʹ£ٴαҳˡ
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һֻèȹۻȫľ衣
ȻͣסˣЩε̾˿ûצÿʣԼ͵ܹ𣿡
򣺡ء
˿϶Ļش
˵ȥнľ壬Ӧ
ɴ۾ƺţԼȻô̵Ļ
£ֹһ㶼ˣǶʲôƵģһ±֣ܿӵһߡ
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ǿӲҲô̫ƽʱСģסԲཱུצ£Щûޡ
룬Ǵ򿪹ԣ˵һ
ʱҲ֮ǰûصèҳ档
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˲䣬ֻèɵˣ˴״̬ȵצӶʶˣһܴӡ
۾һգգؿŹ褣·ʡ㲻Ҫңȥұèˣ
˫۳ʪ޳ƣùܿϧèèΪᣬַֽƲסèβͲס˹褵˩סˣ褾Ͳ
褱ˣԼʲô񼫵¡޵ľ塭
̣ûסַͷ˳һĶ䣬ź˵Ϊʲô㲻ҵľأ
ֱУҲ밡
ֹ˺ðΣ褲źſ˴ȣм䲻֤Լèᣬèȵȡ
Ȼ֪Щ˵Ҳܻܿǿɰӣʵںݲ
룬֮һֻɰèèʲôأ
޻֪Ѿ֪ˣھװǰ򵱳èruaһѣ֣֮ռ޵ıˡ
褱°ͣ棬˳ëȻֵèƤǲˡ
ߣèþã褶ǲ㣬뵽Ժܺлߣˣǳ᲻áôҲҪèȥȻңͺˡ
褱򣬴ȥǣӦܿ죬סţߡ
˵˲᲻Ҫ㣬´λѽ褵˵
ֻ´ΣͲ֪ʲôʱˡ
޻ͬè
ϣ͵͵Ҳܹɣ
еƻôš
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ٷϵʱƺдһ̶ϣʵطӳ˱˵Ը

нˣ
ʵ󲻳ǻ棬ĺ뿴
Ϊļ໤ˣһʼ޾ͽԼڻķŸ褱ֱӾȥ޵ס
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ֻҪе̵èۣҲ⣬津УĦͦ
褰˳ëվ޵ķſڡ
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յǰžʹˡ֪ģΪһֱſڵš
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ǰ֣ޣͻȻе׵˼ʲô
褾档
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Ͳסǿаè̹ưϣһ룬ͻΪϸĹ㣬Ʈ
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лл޵лŹ褣ƿߣƺΪ˵ĻʵЩȻҪһ𣿡
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վѵʱ򣬴ҶƲס仯¶ʱˡⶼĺʷΪ˱ҶûҸ˵ﻹС
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ë޵ģ̫ɰˡ
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Լö䣬̲סһ£ʣҪһҵĶ𣿡
죺𣿡
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ֻһö䣬ûʲôģڿ޵һ˲䣬褾͵֣Īruaè򵱳ײĸоޱ顣



34 
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Χú΢
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Ա߳öҲع æϹнá
Ϊ⶯褿βͣŵųһѩ׵ë ڷ ǼΣյСе²Цн
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񡣡
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ƽò˵͹褻лҪ˵
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ĿԣҪע٣ܽܵʲô̶ȣ
׷ţ̽һè䡣

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褽Ӳͷţһлл
ʵڿ޵˲䣬˼棬Ҳ䣬è
̫ˣװʲô˸á
޵ȻвĲȻҲ𴩣ֻǿ˼˸ӡ
ܲǵˣ㣬ҵҹˮûұˮأ㡣
һԼ鷳ˣϸһ㱡ۣţ˵Щʲô
ȴ˵Ҳ鷳˵㣬ͦԵģ֡
褶ʱˣ˲ţǲ֣Ƿ鷳ˣӵϲˡ
һη֣޵Ƣá
ʵ˵ˡ
һٴѣʼ˼ԼߴˣȻôֱ
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ֻӭҡ
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37 Ͻ
褵ڳȣ Ƭʱעŵ˳һèСϣֿ˺ܶΣ ȥԱߵˡ
ܶͬ꣬ ǰ޻ɬģ еƬҲн̹뾵
һɫѵվڶǰü࣬ 絶һɨǡѧվñֱ
Ǻܵ͵ģ˾ηĽ̹٣ ʮ־á¾±ץޱȡ
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һһεľѵ úۡߵѵ϶Ѱ
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ǰ ƬĽ̹ٽΪϽ
ڣλ𾴵ϽǰƬﵥˡ
ʱǰȺóһҲ˳վһ࣬һͷ׵ˣݲɣ۽иµĺۼϣϸ̺ӣ¿յġ
褴㵡
ھƬϵʱҲʮ꣬ǸʮĽ̹٣ôѾף
ʱͶԷߣϽЦһ£۽·ѵͰ
ŷӦæҲЦӦ
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褻̲סһܹܼңΪʲô˵ô񣿡
ܼҴ𣺡ҵͨ˲ɼԴٽкϳġ
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褲пС̫ˡͬʱ룬˭ôȻܴϽɼԴá
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褣Ȼԡ
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38 
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ΪԸ˵ ޾û£ ˵ԡ𣿡
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ʱ޺ƽʱˣ۾͸ЩڿߵʱҪ븹
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ȷʵˣĳȥҲڲϷŴ󣬽һʧأҪӶԼѾõ
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ڲںڰ뷨Ϸӿȿֺ
޷֣ͻȻ˺ɫèצȶر仯š
оԱһֱţԭΪƽľͼɵһ͵𣬼𣺡нʧأɾ壬̴
褲֪仯רעسŸ裬ֻżΪƤɤ
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뿪֮󣬴ϵȴۣſڿȥĿ䣬ްؿ˰Σ±۾͵͵̾һ



39 
֮ ޲Ŵҽҳɹ褰 ټҩ컯ֵ9.0 һǿȶֵ
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褶˶촽һᣬ̲ס˵ҲôѣǲǾ͡
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̲סͷͣȷʵͦвģ˵ôȻ˼ҷɣô갡
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ſţԾԼղصƵе԰֮ǰǸӵĺ񲻴ŮװͲɫģشʲôģоǶԡ



41 Ϸ
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һ߳ԣһģ ˾
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͵͵ȲŴ̼褿˸Ц Ȼ˵ʵͬѧգһСĺȶˣ нһȥ
üȷʵ̼ȵ㣬н㣬ƶͣ һȲ
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ҪҶ°ݰ¹⣬һ𵽷Է̣Ҷ¸ݿͻҪ󣬰ݵʮƣ⣬žΪͷˡ극°ʱ䣬ҶЦ˵ʱ䵽ôܣˡ
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˵ԼҪȥˣлˡҶºʧ˵´Լ
ջ𣬲ΪҶºʲôҪǮʱ䣬ѣֺ̬ãԼջ񱻿һתʹſڣһԼӰ뿪ȴû򵥡
㽩סɿùһɨȻ뿪Ī˵Ķӵζ
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ѣ
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࣬Ц˿ɰԵ
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׷ϷˡǰΪδϵͳ̫ƣһӶ꣬ץӷ̲סڽȥŽˡ̫æûʱ档
ڸպ÷ż٣ղŷһ֣ûô浽ߥ޹һ档
ȸֿűӣ˲˼ܾ
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ֻȫϢϷռ˺ЩϷʮַḻװɣðգɫݣԣ񶷣ȵȡ
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һ貵βͻ׹һŷɫģһƬ峺羵ĺ棬ȦȦȻһ֡רİ
ţһڣһ׹⣬ʼּ˧ˣһչ֣ģŴԵ㡣һ֪˵ģϸ֮Ҳ⣬òʼ汸
ȻһϷ
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ҡҡˣСĲȵʲôһģ췢˧󲽹§סҵ˾͵Ӣߣ·һҪ
췢˧ʳָڴ룬üһЦѹ˵Ըждԣ꣬Ҫ߱ˣ˵ܡ
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׷ըëǶM𣿣
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ۿ׷ҪһðˣЦʹĹ˵һԡ
׷ĬĬã㡣
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Ͷֿζϲõҡ
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Ȼ󣬾Цԭ
褿ңΪٷھˢ˴ڸУϰʱƯɹС¶Լ˵Ľţܲһ乫˾ȵˣǰ°࣬ȻȥҽԺ˵ͬʱҽȥưɺͻӸ֮󣬹¶һ棬ڼС̹æ׵Ľҩ
һɫнӴЩøС
ͬʱ׷ɣ׷ȡ
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˵Ƿǳ֣ʱʱð˵
ڻӵĺʻϣ㻹ͷֻҽϢ
ܲó˯һ׷ϰĿڼС̹
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һҸܲһתͷһۣЦ˵Ϸֲһ֮ǰҷСƵģﳰըˣһҪЩϲϲҪȻҸһоԵģе㾭顣
ɲһ㾭飬Ǵˣû˭ôйøжˢ˵ġ
ˣһ¡
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׷Ҳ˵ǰЦú⣬йԸƢˡϵҲ˵ǸкˣܷϹϲͰЦˡ
˵褶ûʶŻȻǣֲˢøеʱ򣬸оˬ
պʱϵС̹˹ϹЦ˵ڷˣ𣿡
һûش𣬾ͻȻС̹ƵɳϡС̹ѹɫϦʵһڹһڰĿƵضָĦĴƵɳƣ͸ŨŨ
硭ңòã
⻰һ׷ʱҲٺڻˣһҪ𾪣͵תͷޣǶнôģ
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褳ɣͷ˼ʵС̹ıеˣһʱ벻һҪôߡ
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⼸ߵĺøжҪˢˣ˸ѣ϶С
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һΧӦƽ̲סʼԼͷҪ٣ñ
Ըţнѻ߱˻괩ˣڳֻһز˲Ծ
棬˹褺޺ϷôԼᣬʲô·ʲôȣڿСϷʱỻ棬Ӯø֣˵۵黰Ǻøжȡ
ú氡׷΢
ղŲҲ𣿡Цţ䵽ϣȥЩпһû뵽һ̡ͦ
˵ֽƬϷǼٵģϲôԣĹԲͬˣ黹ǻе΢ɡܲɫæĳ˵ڰϲ׷ˡ
ؽ㣬һˡ
ĬĬĴָ
Ļţ޿϶þ׷ˡ
ȻϷţٴ޳ҽɫڻˣһƽ˵ŻһȴͻȻţƽ˲ݿܵѹȸУ΢޳ָҵĲӣЦʣ˭Ūģ
Ҵδҽӣŵˣ谭޿ˣһ˫ֱŵ˲ϡ
Ӧôƾ֣ʱ裬Լ񣬵óӦ޳Ϊղްȫͨʶչȥʡ
벻Сľúܽȣֱۣ򣬼һЩˡ
΢ɲһ߽ţƽ˵
ţ̲ס̾˿ⲻС
㵹ֱϰǲ뼱ң



42 
Ϸͨˣ Ҫǹ褣Ǹֻ֣ż⣬мæһСϷ Ҳ㡣
ͨһϣ  Ѿ¶һǰס
ŸоۣŹǷ ׼Իط˯
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ţô ڿҰ
Цһ¶С
׷ֿޣһˮ˵úƽûһңнҲ ó治ͬ ̸ Ҳܰת
ˣ͸Ե ܼʣ ҪҲôͺˡ
Цˡ
һ׳Ľĸ̥˺̸ܻ ֻΪǻϷͷΪе䷶
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׷ǳȥ˵´һϷ
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Ϊסķλòͬһ·ͷֵ
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һֱԼľ壬 ֪ʲô
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Ȼ ľʲô Ҳ档
褶ڼž оԱͼƲ졣
Ԥϵú׼
ϣ褹ȻԼľ塣
һСС㣬 Լͷϡ
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˲ԼĵӾ磬ֻǰСˡ
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סһᣬź˵ʲôúܸ΢
ǹ褡
ĴϣԭڲϴԼԸܣϽ˯òһ˯⣬۾Ҫ˯ʱ⧲һǵը
褵ɴ۾š
ڱè
褽Ӳ˰ΣٶѣԼһţ΢΢˵Ϻס
Ȼһû˯á



44 
ڶ죬 ˣڴһ
̫أ Ѿû취߳ţ ʹڷɡ
ӱܿɳܣ á
ٿԲÿޡ
ٳȥˡ
լڷʳû׼
ûá
褾͸о ޴ľˣĿȷ ֱֱسûκ·
褲ɱԽԽţ Ҳûãܲޡľ廹ڶԷʲˡ
ûãˣ ܼˣ ſڡ
褣֪ҿˡ
Ų룬 Сˮ̽ͷſߣ һڴؿš
ӱҲûá

Ȼ ǿ´ȥԡϴ ùܼҿš
˽ ֪ԡң òȡ
뱻ϡ
СоԼ˵ŨŨϢ ǻԼļң ʮַɻϲˮﲻȥݡ
ȹϴ׼Ҳǵһ֣ˮðŹ褹౹౵ؽС
ԡ׼ŬԼ££һƽ߹С㡣
ˮ˲䣬ˮ˳С䣬Ľ𷢺·ûбˮʪɾˬûһǱ
޺Ȼڣһ
褡
˲סСҲǱͣе㻬
˵ľ塭
ΪҪ˵£˶ˣѾʼҵضȥ
ţ˵ȥӦҪоŶӿ
褰ɿ˵¾ͺá
ͷţھȥ
һ𡣡վ
褺ܾļ໤ˣֻҪпգʱڡ
ҲܾĺɣҪǼֲϣ˵޻ǲΪ£͡ˡ
ԣ褵ͷһƺ쳾ĵȻ顣
ˣУûϵ
˾Ҫһ㣬
ƽܣν
褺һȥо
ǣоԱԸԳؿΨһߣ³ֵľ塣
褵ļϣһС㣬òƣƯò񻰣ǰڷڰľż
˵ĿⶼʱСƺе㲻Ӧ־ס褵һͷǱȻûжǱС͸ŽŵӣʵǿɰòС
ȵѪҽƻ˾Ԯ
оԱ࣬еѾƲסУˡ
һˣվ˳òʿǼһ𣿡
褻û˵ϵС౵ؽһھܾȻŶ㵽˹褵ͷ棬ֻ¶һĶβҲŬز䵽
ģ̫ɰˣ
ܾ˵оԱȻ˷ܡ
󣬻ǹ֣ŵԣ䣬СԸ¶ϣ˹褵ϣȻ̽һЩԡ
ȻЩ鶼ܽȫԾκ˺
ָԤһ£3Sߵľ壬ܸߣлҪ߳һء
˻ݼ¼⣬ԾĲԡ
С㱻ŵһоԱһЩʵõĻ㣬ǳСȥһЩľٶ
Сֻǿһۣעصεױߣ̽ˮ棬Թ˫ҪĹ
С˭ס
оԱĿڣ޲ð
ҲǰͣסŲСԡ
ǡʱ㶼׷εСߣΰΧط
С˹ӣˡ
ΪЩ㣬˲Ųġ
Се򴽣Ҳѹˣŵģˡ
ССһֻƴ󣬹ֿɰˣ˿ҲֻУԲۺȡ
һ룬Ǿͼʶʲô3Sıѧ
ԽȣԽݡ
Сһβͺݺݵɨȥ˲ɨ㣬ǳϡãȻԥֳһ£ʣµҲûˣƬˮףһЩβͳˮһƷ˳ȥײƬĵϡ
˲ȫû
սܲĻ㣬ûзءʵ⣬ֻܱѹ
оԱסˣǲû褵ľʵΪùֿɰ౹ʱһСӣ˲ԾȴӣҪϧǿˣ
ڿ褵ĹʾСʱģʵĶжԱȣûҵСȫϵ࣬ӦǶص֡ΨһȽģǶ㣬СһһƵĴβŭŵ䡣
㣬˼壬ƶ
ԭҲûСͶƢϵղſײеһĻоԱͲ룬ȷʵǴδ࣬˵մݹϵ
ĬĬؼ˲Խ
ԵС㣬ҲԸգ޹۾һı顣
Цһ£ͷޣ
ҲСͷõķӦܲһС㽩סˣȻض˶㣬ס褵ָסԼβ͡
޿һĻ΢ѹ
Ȼ䲻һֱ
Ǹ飬Ҳǹġ޴ۿǸ
оԱע⵽Ϣ޴Ļ
ʲô£ʲôҪǸ£
һ˲䣬ӷɿתĻ档
֮һֻԭʧ
ͷָƲס΢΢
ΪʲôҪ˵
ʲôûǸ𣿣
޻ڼͣΪˣе㵣ģԡ
͵ץס֣ҡͷֹ˵ȥ
û£Ҳ⣬㲻õǸ褷ɿ˵ͼҹȥ
Ҳ˼ǿң޽յˣ𣬵ͷ˵á
Ƕ˵ʱȻε鵭ȥ΢ķΧָ
ֻһ㣬ֲ׷ʲôµоԱץӷΣƫƫֲʣ챻ˡ
£褻عƽ
㣬Ĵžǵ̬ˤˣû£ֱƽ
ֱƽʱɢɢҲص
ѧѾȥ֮ָûѧУϿˡ
ճϿΣżС㻹͵͵ܳһǣһϿΡ
褶Լֻαʲôģ׼ҵǣúڵסʦͬѧضûзκβԾ
ѧ󣬹׼뿪ȴϣһԷò㣬˫Բ۽΢΢䣬е㹷۵ĸоǻȻ̣ЦҲЦ˺øС
˵˺ǰøͨѡѧϯ
ԭ褾ѧУӦò֪²ŶԣΪǴģһ㶼Ǵѧϯ£ӱ֤ǿ£ԹҲ֪һ㡣
Ц˵еѧ˵𣿡
Щɻ󣬵ǵ˵ͷһ·ߵУٵС֡
ΪֵߣҶУľ֪ȵˣ·һֱ͵ע
ĿĵԽԽԼðһ²⣬֪ϯҪ˵ʲô
Ȼ
С֣Χûʱ
תŹ褣ֻżԶľ룬ձ΢
ȻŬҪƽϻй¶һ˿ţΪҪ˵ڵĻ䷺졣
ѧܲʶңӴһʼҾͺܹעˡǳҫۣ㣬ҺҲŬøһ㣬Ȼҵ⡭
׼˸״ʣ޸Σ˺ܶ˼Ҫһж߸ʱŷ֣ûáһŹ褵ͻˣһƬհףȫų̂ϵ򶨴ݣŷɡ
ֱҪԼˣŬ˵ص㡣
ϲ㣡
褰˵꣬меͣ״ΣҲûдϣġ
˵󣬹褲䴽Цһ£㣬Ǻܶ˶۵ѧϯ֪㡣
𣿣৵𣬷·˿佱СͲ˷ܵҡβˡ
ܿģβ
Ϊ˵ллϲҶ㲢ûиоϣԺҵõˡ
ǳɴؾܾˣԷκأ˺Ҳǹ褶ξܾ׵óľ飬ǰ˺Է˵ίˡǸԼڴ£Ϊлᡣ
ش𣬺ʧ䣬Ĺⶼ
ȻܾҲûϵ
ǿЦһ£˵ţһŬġѧʲôҪæĻһңҺôǸϯܰﵽһ㡭ѧѾģܿҪУˣҲҪҡ
˵棬ȥǵģɥ
褾˵ҪϯĻһġ
۾֪⻰ֻڰοǺһ㡣
ллѧǣҲˡ
Ժ˺ܶ࣬һһ֣һԸǿקס֪ף϶ᱻܾϲѧ²̫õӡϣѧһѧϯһ̹зִ磬ôˡ
ǣ𴽽ǣԼ¶ЦݣȻת뿪ѧһıӰٿޡ
褿ˣԼҲת뿪
ֻû뵽С棬׷𣬶Էֱضǳӡ
ǽԼһԷ׷պҪѧУһˣɴҹ褣һȥ꣬ײһĻ
Էʱģ׷֪飬ûʲô˼ɾѿ˵˸ղż顣
̫ܻӭˣս꣬ŮҪϵʽǰѧУֱһס
Ƥһ̧ͷȥһǺ𣿱ɨףǾ׼ס
޵ɫȻһתͷ褡
ЦЦȳ棬Ǿܾ˰ɣȻ͸˵ѵˡ
׷ͷȥСˣ褺ܸɴ;ܾˣûԷһᡣ
޴ɫԻ
ţ׷ɻ˵ʵҾֵͦģúܺÿϷڼС̹ĸоô붼;ܾˣⲻȻڻ죬ˣӦûȽкøаɣԣô֪Լͻ᲻ϲأ˰궼Ѳ˵ġ
ͷ˼ڱ˿ǾԼȷʵôܾӦദԡ
һޣٿ׷ʱȫǡˡı顣
һڿ׷ĺ˵ʲô
ɹȿˣʵȷʵ̸ġ
£ȫˣ˲׷
׷𱻵ɵúãȻΪʲôѧԺС̹CPͦÿĵ𣿶ҹҲ˵̸
˵⣬ˣ褣̸ԣһҪרһ̤NС
褿Цã㵱ʲôˣ϶ᰡ
׷ļ򣬡û취̫츳ˣһ㲻룬ǸȻö֪أ
褣
ܺãѾˡ
ʱ޿Ȼʣ̸Ǵ˭̸
һ£ֻ룬ûȷˡ
˫üһɣ΢壬׼Ҫڵӡ
һʶץסԻ֣ΪҪ˳Ʊˡ
˼룬޾Ȼ˵ǣҵѵһˡ
˲ˣӦò鲻ԸŶ
ҲˡΪʲôף
극󣬴Ҿ׼ȥ
ϣ褿ųţڲϣģоԾ̧ץסǰţһ磬ɢȡ
һᣬ̲סʣԿյ𣿡
üֹ褵Ųĳ죬ͷһ㱡ʪ鷢ӦþȲŶԡ
֣Ϲ褵ĶͷȻ̣㷢ˡ
褺ãȻôͻȻͷˣ
ûиı·ȥҽԺǾػأƵҽ豸ҹǾߣ㣬ͨҽԺҽԺʡ
ܿģʻأһ·ִҽԺ
³ʱŶЩ˵Ǳް뱧Žȥġ
߳״ҽܽţæΪ˸ּ顣
˿ó
û£ǲֻǷڵˡ
褺ȣϳź岻Ӷûƽʱתô죬˻ȴ޷һʱ⣬ãȻظڣ
ԡһ˵ھʱֻǸʮСδ죬һӦںϾḶֻ́ڳͨ˵ǿңûзڡ⣬ѣⷽҲһˡ
ҽ˶»ЩݣҪġǵ褵⿪ˡҩ˵Ѿɻ͵ķ䡣ڿõ߶ȹȻ˰æá
⣬ҽ֪ôģʶһۡ
˺һᣬ褲ź֪׹ôһ£εֱҪȥ
ǿƽӲ˵лл
Ȼ󣬾ҪתԼķ䡣
κȵ÷Ųڵϣ˵߲ȡ
޷ס˵ȥ
褱ߵĺ̵һһ˻ȥȷʵЩѣͼѵصͷˡ
ط·ԶʱȴԵ쳣Ѱ
ڽʱ˿ѾʪǴˮ̳ˣˮ壬·Ƥܡȥϴ衣
ס˵ڵʺϴ衣
ҲףֻסͷҲϴллһ
⻰ʾζǿ뿪ˡ
̫ˣ͸ŨŨĺ죬ӺͶ䶼ǣӿƬϼһɫˡ
Ũܵ۽ҲˮʪһشأЩ٣΢΢ſ³ȵϢԵÿִ
޺ͷ΢˱ۣѹĵ׷ӿĳЩ뷨ȻſƵ˴׼뿪
ҪʱͻȻһѹģʣ͵͵ģһֻ˵ڿޡ
ͣסŲĬ˼룬ת˻űڵϵĹ褣ǰϥͳᡣ
Ұ㣬𣿡



45 
褵ȵһŻ ˿֫ٺÿһҽ ƱϿһ㣬 ܼ尾͡
ȡ
ֲȣи궯Ķ
ˮʪ·ʶţ ץʪ͸죬ٴϢ
ٶ߻ʱʶģģֻԼڸ˵ ëӹ˰ζ
ģ 褾Ȼеˡ
غ˿Ȳûл⣬ ܡ
޳һֻ֣ Ŀ ָܳҲ˺аȫСƺ
˫ˮβƵЩ죬ɿʣˮ̲ס֣̽Ƶģ Сס޵֡Ա̵Ƥ ޵±Ƚϵͣ һഥ;ģɳĮõ˼ޡ
׽޵֣̲ס˹ȥҪõ⣬ͷ̵޵ֱϲ䡣
Ǳ̵һ¹ȻŻɳƵһΣ𣿡
̧ͷһۣȻſϣﹰ˹ֻСޣӦһ
޽ŴԼ侲ƫͷԶһӣǻǰҽûġ
֣˹һ涫٣˵൱ḻȫ棬չ˵ÿһ
ֲסӱԵѹۣ˫䰵
ܸӣãͬʱֺܿܡ
ԥţſȥϸķ˿ӵģ̵ĺˣشߴš
޴ַŻصϣ
ִĿϡ

˫ʧƲס΢΢ʶ䣬̼ᡣ
ްӵڻòϣϲӡ
֣մߵᣬָʪ󣬵ݵһ£Ȼе
ʶԼЩʧˡ
ԭֻǹ褣ǱӰˣҲ궯
£Ҫƽĺѡ
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ʮûء
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ۣ޻񣬵һʱ͹ʣов𣿡
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·ʲô鶼ûз
˯Ҳúúõģˬɾôһμ䣬ΪԼֻ˸ĵΡ
ȻʱĲް֮󣬻ˣ·
ζҲѾɢȥֻһ¡
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ſһۣٿʲôƵģܿƿߡ
Щݡȷʵ
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ڴ˺һᣬûô˯ȴֵ˯š
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ȥ·ϣ˳
Էģ˵ҽҽȥҪ顣
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񿴳е㲻ԣСشչ΢΢ͷ¶Լͷѩö䣬ʣҪҪһҵö
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Ϸ׷̲סܶ༸ϷЩǳѹԣֱѶȡ뿴褻ʲô
иϷǵþҶ߹ԣһֶܴߣȻڻΣ˼ﶼ׼ȥֻܿһˡܶ˶ϣBE
׷ͦڴȥģ˵ÿ߶أ㷭ˣҲ϶ܺ档
Щ뿴ֳԹϣֻ
׷˵˵ţȻˣˣ˼绰㣬Ȼнӵģ˵ææʲôϵġ
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޲ûм뵽Уһ𹥻ǣǾһԿšйʱͿȥصˤڵϡ
ΣɵˣҲԱилšǣǶתרĹ༸ˡ
ò𣿣
׷𱻹ΧѪûʲôؼǹ̫ˡ£н㲻ôƫİ
ޣǲ裬ᱻϷ
׷һͷʺšȹ褾Ͳ裿
ɫ䣬˿Ӱ죬רĻˡ褴㣬γһյشΪϲС
⿪һΪֻһˡ
褲ò˵˵ңݺ裬Ȼᱻǿô죿
ͣͦݵصͷӦˣá
褸ɿֽ˵׷㡣

סվ⻰˫غ壬޾ĳ׷Ϲأ
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Աڵϣ˫ſֳڵϣž䡣
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ĽŲйɣ׼褵Ĳء
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ϴŰ״ӣ°ڴڵϣᣬСƵʣ𣿡
褹ҡͷŲӴչȥ˵ˣɱҰɡ
޳ĻʮƯڻ谵֮£·ůһϸ
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һԲ̬ķޣΪĺӣѱ˻õĺ͵˹ҹϸʲôҪãֻǷһҲ𷣡ӱԽԽĬȰһСǶԷ˸ŮȴͶӲͬ۰ѹȵڱͬڵɱ˿񣬰˶ɱˣȻͶԷͬھ
Ĺ޹ǶԷ޼ƻ֪ߺͰס
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ԽԽ󣬷µıܿͻһ£ܴձһС
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褻ͷȥִ棬վһ޳ӰһƬУƫִؿҪһ̣ģؿ̽
ֻǸϷȴĪԼ˵θУﷺһ˿
飬¹褴Ϸ󣬵һʱܵǱߡ
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ʡ
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־ȥѡϷΪٿλÿõʱ򣬾޻ϣſϴϢӡ
޺΢ɲЩˡ
۾΢ôһֻҪһϷһ㣬ˡ
⣿⣿
Լûõ̲ˡ
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˲پһۡ
׷ҪϷ²شչ˵һ𰡣ҡ
סļ򣬶˵ԼקǷŴߣһ棬Ǳ߲ʺ㡣
׷޷⣬Ϊʲô
ÿɵһı飬ؿһۡΪҹڷߣɱˡ
ٿ˵ΪóϷҪ
׷ʱˣβǸ
Ц
˽ɵȸҲö
ϣ޺͹Ҳߵһ
Ż꣬һ˳ȥȻʲôЦеڹϵ˼£˵Сæ
Ϸ褿ϵδϢ붼û룬
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͵صɴ۾סˣȫû뵽ľ
ͬմϷճ˹һļ
褱һ͹˹ԣ֮죬Եʮ顣
ûעģΪ쳣ζˣڿʲô
褽ӲҡͷûҸӣûʲô
ע⵽Ķ䷺Եĵ죬΢΢ۡ



48 
褺֮ǰϷ Ҫɱңһȥյ㡣
ΪʵﱾǾǹģ Ϸֺܿ죬һܱȵġԲΣѾǳ硣
ʲôӮ
߽һľӼߣ޽ŵĵˡ
µ˲صʵʵ ޶ͨϸ΢Ķ ˾ĺۼ ׼λãȻ Ǹ̽ͷʱһǹȥͷ
е˻ܳȶѣ ȻͬУҲеѡ Ȼһɱȥ ǵĵߣѺõĶݸ褡
褽˺ü ҲԼ񵽵ҽ䣬ʺ޵ĸ߼˹ȥ
ɱҸоԼֱײһ գ۾ˣ һԤ׶ûУ ·λزʱڸجΡ
ޣ ɫ䣬 ּ˸ߣ׼ݸʱֶס˻
褸պҲ˵ҪôǹԼšῴ޵Ķͷ˵žͺãòϡ
ȴ˵߸㣬ͦģô
˵ţѵȥͷһ
ͷͳ˼èβ͡
û㣬ΪߣϴβҴβϡ
褿ǰģޣһ˲ʵҲû
ðɣ롣
ѩ׵èʱţ̲סʵıȽϣĸÿ
Ҫһ𣿡޵ͷһ䣬Ҳио㲻õᡣ
һ¾ʹ˹Ĺǣ˵ϣ褵Ȼþܾ󣬼ͬһ˲䣬èβ;һ˦ӹ褴ɨ
ȫϢϷΪ׷ʵУĶк褴ʱҲһ
޿ˣͣңǵ߱á
褵ͷ֪
̧Ϊèúܽ褼ÿһëͳ䡣
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ͷƵǰˡ
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˳Ź߹ȥ΢ĽŲϻͷǹڶ׼ԷҪ°
ԷŰ죬Լ޺
褷ŵһǹ
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褻ûشһߴӰʹ߹˵УǲϲԱߡ
ò֪һˣ¶ȣһģѣ
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ǰҲƬӣʮͨûô໨ûдеĽɫ趨
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ţƵʵݶһӦûʲô̫ͬȥһĻһķḻݼֱ˻ԱѡҲģǳۣãߣ̨ʣ͸С
żЩǿƣ˵Ƕܵģһʼ͵ؿ޺ۣȴı顣
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޽ͣĻѵѾأԼѵˣ׾֮һ
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޵ͷûսҲͬܳɫ۹ҲԼսϵֻԸԸ⡣
ȻԸ⣡
褺ԥͷ˫۶ˡ
о仰˵˵ܶСʱ𣬾ϲֿŵĻף̫Ҳʲô˶ܽӴиģ;ܿĺܾáʦҪѧΪ׶ìܡ
ʵϣ׼ȷ˵ǾߵΪݻףҪǾŮܲ࣬ؼǾսҲвǿŮսʿˣԱ𣬶Ȼºպսдʷʫ
褵ȻҲйڻ׵Ļ룬û뵽Ȼһ죬ܽӴ
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ûʱ޴Ľ尲ںڰĽУݷޣۡ
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һļ顣
޷ʱԼŻǰߣЩɬ׾͸ĿɰԽԽ
ָ£һǿ⣬˲жѵڲõϰ˵һڵأ𶯡
̫˷ˣ˽ʱ򣬶δʼһΡ
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褳ʹþƻףǾ˶꣬ƤһƯĺɫ촽Ҳ񻨰һ㡣
޲Ϸõ廨֮еĻ档
ʲôװ¡
ֻһŨҵ




49 Ӿ
ص˶ڵ
Ļʽıݺ̻֮ ½չ֡
褺һĴ䡣
Ȼǿ ˶Ȼֳɫ ñþң ⾫ʡ
ۻң ÿһĿݴ
ѡ ȥѵı
ҲһĿ һ¡
٣ ܾӰ죬 Ͷȼã·ܰƣûйͷƵģ˿̾ͬʱͷƤ飬Լͷ˺۵ĸо
ѡܴ ܣ׳ʵĸ첲˦ȥ ͷɣ ˲һļ¼ ǻԼļ¼
˼ѡ˲μӶ
ҲȽó ׷˶Ȥ ͸ѡˡ
 ټʶˣ һ֧顣
࣬ Σĸ֪Ԥ֪һ㣬׼ȷ㿪°ڶûһ¡褾ǿǵԼƣѡ˶ټܼǿˣӦҲܿ죬μ´ࡣ
˶ԼãҲѶѣʱǰæȥ
򳡣˹褺ٵĺ㳡ÿ׷ں濴ָΪԼ߶ȿģͬʱΪԼƣе㼵ʹ褵ϣٺ޼Լ
ȻǹڵĶʤ
վڳ⣬ڱҫ۵ˣרעʶ͹һ˿ȡ
Ա̲ͬסҡͷ̾ˣЦò˼飬ֱҪڻˮˡ
ǰ޵ŵˣӦʲôˡ룬Ҫˣܻᱻŵø
Ȼ޸һֻ֣ŵקԼͬ飬С޵ָָ޵ķȻͬҲͬ¶˼һı飬У̫ϲУЦ
ǼֵѾ뿪ȥı
ûһĻ̫ϧΪǿ϶Ŀɿڴ°ͶҪ
Ȼ֪ϲ褣ϲ֮ӣǴô벻ģ仯̫һ㶼䲻ֹرЦǻ˸ˡ
褴߹ȥȻصƿˮšˡ
褿ʵӹͺȣлл
˴ƿѹ˿⣬촽Ҳˮ⡣
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ڣϾһԱߣ˴˺ȲʹƵĶܿٶȺܿ죬ǿĽƶֵķߣһƯҽԷ
˲䣬ը˵ͼС
ڹϯҲֳӰˣЩعƣԵ̾
ߵޣ˴Ŀؿ򳡣еˡ
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ˡ
гϢˮԱߣͻȻоһͷƤ飬ǿҵΣոС
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51 
޴һüõɫװ ļⱻʵʵڵסƽģȳ ʲôÿ
褻 ֪ûղŵĻֻܹƽҡͷ ûС
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ô룬 Ѿ˼򵥵̸  ΢΢ȥ ͳºͣ ԵЦ⣬ Ҿ뷨ܺá
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½뿪ҪȻɶμͳš
褺Ͷ䣬ֵ𡣶»Ϊᣬùޣֻϧˡ
޾վԱߣޱ顣
ҹɫУԹ褵Ƕǻػأһɣ
˵г⡣
ûС
һݲ䳵ı顣
ЩΣ߰ɡ
Ƕ˳ĿĵѾúãԶʻġ
Щˣɢһݽɳȴû뵽һƫͷ޾Ȼװ

ͫ΢ʲô
Ȼ΢΢üů㣬Ҿȡ
˿ܹ˭øղ˵ôֵĻһСľ뵽ֵĶ
װף¶İ׳֣ȻǸзָһѹһɢŦҲ⿪͹߷ҰԸиˡ
褣Цһ£ΪҪʲô
ƿߣҡͷû
ʣ㲻ȣ
褺һʵеȣװҲô·֮Ҳѣܸоֵֹġ
ȡ
ôˡ
һᣬȵľѪҺѭӿ죬ȣ̣̲סҲס
һǾơ
ǴˣŤʲôԵ⡣
΢΢üְժӵһߣ͵ؽ⿪Ŧۡ
ֻվͱø
ȡ
ƫͷ򳵴޺־תע⣬ȴڲϿ޵Ӱ
ײϣֺܿ
ȣе㷳ꡣ
ڻصأ褴ҴһԼķ䣬á
޻δ³߻谵ֻӹĳƣһζӰٸ壬ת˲ʧٴΰȥ
ڰУɳڹ褵͵ߣͷᡣ
֪ʥڡ
һ֮Уշ࣬Ҽнھ͹ͲøԼҸϢɡҪ񣬽ڲڵģͶҪˣһΪȡ
꣬սӭ˽գȻûʱʽһףȻ죬
ԵãյȻܶ࣬һע⣬ͶѳһСɽʱ˳һ
ʥżףѩΧѥӵȵȣ
ʱϲģֱԣͺñͷϴŵëñһ¹ǣǳɰ
޿ţ֪Ҳˡ죬褺ܻܿᾭţ˶ῴ
ʲôԥ˼ͦãͳԵģһкĹǹ
Һã褴Уһ֮󣬾úóԣϲûͳˡ
ʥ֮
͵˹褵ĩԡ
Ϊ֪ʶϤʵǿҪôϰҲšϾΨһܶӰʶҲˡ
˳дԼĴ𰸣ʦǰʵ飬ʱҲû˿ţ侲ظʦĻش𣬳ɹõɼ
ĵʣҪľдĺʵϰ
ǰڰƻдţߣоʵϰҲ˿Ըһʱ򣬲ǹĦѧϰ࣬ǰϤϤ
ԲģҪ񣬹褵ǿƲסˡ
ϾǵһΣûо顣
ѹ褵ԼĶ褡Ϊ໤˵ݣܿͨˡ
ǰῪСᣬ֣¼ƻֹиϸڡ
мϢʱ뿪λȥϴּ䡣
һ̧ͷλǿյģ̾Աߵˣȥˣ
ڴ𣺡ϴּɣܿ
վҲ˳ȥ
ţ̲סҡͷ
ûʽһأһῴˣҲû˭ˡԺҪô죿
ûãͿ޺͹һͷ˵ʲô
ŵ˲䣬˽òڣǡô߲Ͳ濴еް˰§ڻ
ò˵޵ˡ
ڣ˳졣
·ϣڹߣһγҪѧϰȿľô
ܻоҪƣں󷽸ҪʲôʣԱߵǰ˻ں󷽡
岻һҪ˵Բǿš
ЩӪˣʱһ¡ЩԵģм˳ԡ
һˣЩʵһѾҪȷǰģǶǲǱ˵ˣȫ
˲ŵֹҳǰ߶ӣǻ̫ˡ
ڽнһ֣𣿡
ۣǳʱϴɲ̬ȣһܶˣ˵оϣо͹
𾪵ѹ˵ĻҲֻʱûܣȰҪ˵ĸ˵ꡣ
Ҳû뵽޻ô࣬еЦͦжϲϹеůоǣԹӦ֪ˡ
˵̧꣬ɨΧһȦˣͷƤһȫñֱ󱳰һְƵġ
˵ֵҪ̫ѹЩǰҲԹΪսûãˤһӣǹʱסò
ˣһ޲Ҹطȥ˶ﲻסЦøƨƵġ
Цˣ߳ŭǵĶ̡
һնܷɣҲûôˣһЦ
˵طǺܿؽʱפء
ССһɫΧĲľΪһ壬оˣϸ
濴żӣ棬ͻֱᷢж졣
ڷרҵ豸мǺüʾɽиƽͼ˸ŶС㣬кЩӵͼ
˵Ǽ׵пңȫ֣ʵָʱ
ߣӵˣĳ츳ѣӵϡ˲šйӰо߶ԸطɣǱڰΪ
ͨ˶ǴƣʱҪͬǾߵɨڳ
ˡ
һ·ӵɽжأǵǾԮʺ׽ӷҪʱɵС
ȻԳɼ㣬ȱʵս飬ʱкܶͻʮֿ˵Ӧ
Ȼһξͱŵץ˵һսУʱפĦѧϰ
͸褿Կô񣬼ɽ֣ٶȺܿ죬ȴֲٶͺۼ
Ϊжƣ޻˾塣
һֻͨڵı컢֫ýǿ׳˫۾񣬷ĺ⣬ѹȸкԸʮ㡣
ֻǺ͹Ķϣֱ棬ͷƤ顣
褴û޳ӡ
ǵһΡ
ƽʱǰѹĮ¶ºͣЦȫͬ
ʱ޹ԼǿֲǿƲɵļƣ˭ϣĵ˻ܲҡ
褶ؿţƿߣε档
ʱܿ£ͬʱҲ
ֻǿţѪҺڣ෢飬񾭽˼ǣס޷Կص΢΢
غ˿㴭
ΪʵİȫҪӷһ򾡣Ⲣһ͵£ʱòΪ˽ֺü졣
ȻפأҲСȶס˾򣬺ͬŹﷸˣС
һͻȻˣղ棬Ҫ˳ȥ鿴
褾ԼȽɣȥ
ǰһ£Ϊ·ղߣټϿ褵ĳɼսܺãȥˣȥٻأ½Ҫͣ
ͷӦˣȻ߳豸ĵطȥ
ûãҵ豸Ȼڲصĵط·Ķ˳¶һǣڣǶǾòóԾˡ
ǰ豸˵ƣְڵøʵȷûˣ׼פء
Ųᣬèڵϣûκ죬Ϣ첽ǰ
û뵽ײԶ󣬴һˡ
ɫţ̬Ǳ
褾ؿŶԷ
˷ֹʱҲͫ䱸ٴ
⣬ܿǲץжľ֯Ա֮һ
¶־ģ֣ųȥ㣬ǵǲǣ桭̫ˣҳӳģȾҡ
褵ͷƽ£ûµġ
ᣬϸףƭƺ߱в
΢ɲİ⣬ıţ㽫ǰЮΪʣ˱ЩòȻļһԼ׼ɴ
ڿʱһ˲͵Ϯ䲻¡
ֵǣȻץˡ
ǰͻȻԱһ
ȻѾ֣͸˼ɣſ˹ͿĲԾ·ϣ˳۲Σܿģ·ߡ
ʱͬʱ̧һߣз˵СλãĹɫһף·Ҫ˹һ㡣
ŨҵĶϮ褱ú󱳷ëǿԼ侲רעӦǰΣ
޽̵ĸʱó
Ͱ⵱ѵܻš
褺ܿ侲΢˼һϰߣΪЩϢսپ꣬ר©
Էкĳ񶾣ں褵褵׻ǸˣĲݣֱ۱һڣѪɽ϶մ˼Σ׵ƤϣԵøĿ
ԷѪ˷ˣ߰ЦανõĻ֮󣬻ʹġ
á˵
Ϊˣʶࡣ
Դɵİ룬͵һգۼ͵ǰ˲һ㡣ҪȴͻȻоϮһʹ岻ܿ𣬺ݺݵײϡ
ִǰǰһźĿϡ
˵ؿڰȥѣ߹ǶƲס죬³һѪ
޸ϹʱľһĻ
վ£һŲܵﷸؿϣüۺ䣬мʺѪµֱ˿Ѫ˳Ѷ£
񵱳ĵȼԣɱ֮ڼװϣƯ㣬ͲпѪȽ֯һ𺳵С
̧ۣ˹
ӳһֻޣƤëڵĻ
ϳ˭󣬹褻ĹԵȥ
ͷһΣ΢΢ʹ
Ǿһʹù֢״
褲ḻľߣ֪ÿһιҪ϶پһĵˣĹȲһСľöˣټǰΪƣ͵ڵ
һ״̬ԡ
΢΢ҡΣ֧Ųס
̾ͳ˹ٶȺܿ죬ͣ˵ǰʱȴСģʱס˵µˣԼϣβ;סԷˤ
ʱ޺Ҳˡ
ɨһϢٵӷʾǴȻԼͱŹ褻פء
һֻڻͻȻ˻һȻע⵽ϵˣæ˷쿴ơҺãֻǾĵƣֱϵƤˣء
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ڰú󣬹һᣬѹģʶЩģϡǵԼſһƬëϣڵëЩˣ̲ס벦ͷͣ֫ҲûʲôƤֻܻϣܡ
о޵ʡ
գһ۾ĸоѾ˺ܶ࣬˵ֱҲͿҩֻģʹǳһû¡Ǹˣץס𣿡
һ޵ɫͳü͸褣Լжӷķߺޡ
ץסˡúܺãһܲ˵ľ֮٣㡣޲߿ޣù褶е㲻˼
ֺеأû°ɣ
Цû£˸á
⻰ʵڲ޻˵ģΪǺѭɣԴﷸҲʱ侲ˡһʱ֮䣬Щ죬ΪԼˡ
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סʶ޿ȥ
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褶ûԼˣʶ򴽣ӹ룬֪ôģĿе㷢̣æͷĬĬˮ
Щ죬ʧˡ



52 ̻
褵ĵһ ɵóѰĺãץסӷɸ˺
֯佱˹褣 ͬʱҲ֣ضһҪԼİȫ ʱ ڱԼǰץˡ
 ͻ⡣
һжͨΪ սЭ Χ©
ʵϰһ㶼ڰȫĺ󷽽йĦѧϰεùαװʵ©֮㣬æڶԸˣûнʱ Ѹӵɽ¡
ز⣬ ѭźۼ׷ȥ ˼ʱס˹褡
º ʱϸ˵ˣӷȹ ͼʣò
Ȼ ʱûѿغöȣ Ū
ǼʱȻעȨ ûзϳ̡׶񼫵ķˣ Ϊ ﷸʵʩضӷΪʱ ѾԼȨ ֵ̣Ч巸ӣԼһץסҪеʲôԴһļٷá
˵ӷ̷ͯ춾Ʒ˽ʵʩķһﵽд̵ĳ̶ȡ
ټϣӷȳ֣ɱģΨһߣΪҷѶԷɱˣҲ
褳󣬲˷ãֵˡ
һ䡣
ٹһڣũ꣬ҪĴڡ
ʥûôװΣھͲһˣһ˾Ͷʼ׼Ϲǰϴ̳ܰʮŨ
Ҳһܶ˶Ҫôˡ
Ҳڴ
û뵽֪䣬Ѿڻش˿ˡ
ʱúÿ졣
ǰ褺͸ĸͨʱ͵֪Ѿ˷ɴƱ׼ˡ
һ뵽⣬褾ܺã·ʶ߸裬ãˣҲȾ̲סЦ
ôİ
ȻҪ
ĸˣһֱʮţ褺һʼʰ׼ؼˡ
ֱߵĹ˸ӵĵ绰
褰ĸһ£ƺ֪ôڣ룬ż˵ǿܸϲȥˡ
סţΪʲôѾڷɴ𣿡
ĸ̾ɴԴУڶס˲վͨ޷УɴҲɲˣǱˡ
˸Ҳ˹ȥʹˣǱ취Ӧͨճɡǵʱ򡭡ǳˡ
˵ʧ䣬ǲܵġ
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Сʱᣬҵڣǹ˾ȷܹܼҲϸչ˺úӣȫ褽Լæٻؼҡ
褻Ҫְ裬ˣԼһҲܹԹԴšǻصң褿ˣ۾ﻹһ˿İź͵͵̽ͷǲʶˡ
޴룬ô庢ӣ˵ǲӦʳԣʱͻȻСڵһ˹һţסȣֻСֽץסĿӲţСţҲ֪Ǻ߻ôġ϶ǡ
һ̣ʶԼĸжˣӵôһɵĺӡ
Ǿæûи㹻飬һǵõ˺ӵı褲Ҫ壬óʳָǳԣ߸һ档
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ĸۿˡ
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˸Ҳ̲סƫͷƳ㲻һ˵ĻȥѼҹ꣬ǵʱȥݷǡ
ͷš
֮ͨͷ˹ã˱۾ʱ֮ǰ˵ֱϣ˿ҲԵİ̺ۡҽҪ˿̵ҩ뱻ĸġ
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΢㶡ǧֶǾԶҲܲ
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ҳԱһȥ˴լ棬һƬεĺ峺羵ɫ
ɢʱҲںϣԡϣǲһˮҡΣʵ¹ںϸ˱
߼˼յůɫСơ
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53 
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û뵽һ׾ͽǣеˡ
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54 
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ִ̧˴ԼȶȽƲﲻĻ棬˯



56 
ڶ졣
û뵽ԼôͼСѵУ ԡ
ݷãҵȻҪдˡ
Ц˵޻ؼҹ˰ԽԽ˧ˣ Ϊ ǼҪһ㣬 ҾͿĻˡ
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ֿ˼䣬 Ȼ˸û˼氢̴ȥ𣿡
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ԸӦˣ⣬ҲֻǸ뿪ĺýڣ ˴Ǳߣ Ȼȥҹ褡
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þòˣ 㿴˲٣ ߣ Ҳм⣬  ԸǺǰһ˵
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57 ҳ
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ĸߴ ˮʹʵļ⣬ ʪ֮󣬺ɶɸŨҵñըԵԸ
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褶͸ˣ뵽⼸޴һĻ棬Щ飬˵ˣţҡ֪



58 
褺ܾûлؼ˯ˡ
ڴϣ ׼˯һʱ֮䣬е΢İ
 ڴϹȦ
ŵģ ԡҵķ
˲䣬ɫˮ һƬ
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̲סڴϹ˺üȦ ſţסͷ ȫ棬ѹݵĻȡ
ڷң ¶Ķܺ졣
ʱһµĻ ϶ǲȡ
Ҫĳضø̡
ΪǵĸôõķɴҪϢ ŵ࣬ 褾ʹǻԡ
ʱԹ˵ȻЩ ˯š
ԣ ſһᣬ ʹӴ дƽһԼ궯顣
ĳѾдˣǷʦ̤һ޸ĵĲ·ÿһдҵĵĿˣһǰ²۹дʱд֮繷ʺ·̡
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ˣû˵̸ˡ
ҫĲɣһ֮󣬹˼ŷӦ˵ʲô
Ȼ͵͵ѵְֶ̫ʧˣҫӦңϷ˲ˣ褵ĽɫڴͷץסˡǸһеĻ
Ů˭ô̸ϵģʲôʱҳԷҫʡ
褸պϷβˣЦ˵Ůѡ
ѣҲʶһϷޡ
Էû궼æܵ´ηż١
ôʶģ˵Ͳ˵ˡ
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ĳ˵ǺܶеӢۣʮżоңɼ
褣̸ѡ
ЩΣܺãҲǸͨˣ˵úҪ𻯵һ
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褱ЦˣʱͳԷ̨ݸСƷ
ҫͷУʦݣףǰúϣӡ
˭ô˵
ҫ˵˵Ҳ飬ЦУҪǵ£ô֪
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ݻؼңЩʱ䣬褾ͺƵ
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Ϊѵı飬͸һʧ䣬𣿡
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׼ҪһУڻǰ¡
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ԼȴǲʶһԽԽŤİУһʱ֪ô±ʺá
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סͷƤ˺һ󣬲ֿһ۹ԣ  ʵоҲ
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Ϊ߹ԣϰʱΪ׼ûʱϢѵ
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΢̲סץס֣Ĵȥ˵
á



59 
Ǵݽ 繵š
Ź褵ǶԴıͬʱ͸ſƵ ǵԽԽ
ʱͻȻ򿪡
ǿ쿴ٸ͵ġҲ٣
˳ܽĿ׷𿴵һĻ ֱɵۡ
ڡ׹褣
ۻˣ û˯Σ
׷͵ܵ˲Сĳ ԭأֱޣ Ƿֿתͷ׷ڻ Żıӡıӣ ҫģ û뵽ôʱ
һãȻӣ Īе
䣬 ֣ȫ綼֪£ ֻһ˲֪ʱ ˡ
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ģ ˵˾䣬 й׷
׷һ¿ˮ ҡͷûУǡҿн͹褣ǡ
Ͱ͵ģɵһ
˵ò岻˶һ¾ˡ
ͷ˵һˣ㲻СĴ˱˵ĺǰɣ
׷㶵ͷȻӦ֪
Ӧһ˵׼ȷ˵ֻңȫض֪
׷ٺͻ꣬ȷʵƽһ㶼ӡ
ҡһ֪ģ
׷ɴ۾š
̲סЦֱʵҲͦģôһ㶼ûģҲǸˡڲ̳˰궼ķˡ
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⣬Цⶼ˼֣ͷ˵㼪ԡ
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׷ɫŻָЩЩ
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ңҫͿ׷ĳ˵ԸЩƣһʣʧɢֵܣһȾơ
ֵÿ죬ϵҲܿ졣
ҫһţ̵س׷οӣЦֻʱ׷ԼĿʧ䲻룬һֻϸּţ
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ҫԣӦ
Ͱ©׵ݸޣﻹЩ졣нڸķСвˣ档ǰôû̸ԭġ
ҫ˳ףͦ棬ףҸáнҪúöֵܰ
޵ͷš
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һʱסƫͷƿߣ͸˵Ķ䱩¶͸ЩŻң̲ס΢΢



60 è
ʱŵúܿ죬 ֪͹ȥ¡
褵ıҵѾ޸˺ܶΣոҲ˺üΣڵ˸ĸʽʱ㲻ѣ ̫飬ҲŪ֮󣬾͵ȴˡ
׼ú֣ܳ ԼϤòУ õġм䣬һ Ϣʱ䡣
ԣ޶ʱ
ޱɳϡ˯ģ ڻط㡣
³Ѿˡ
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ɢţ 輸ϣһ룬װˮտյģ Ϊ㱻è̳ˡ
ڵϣһֻɫè צצ мһƯС㣬 ɫ Сɣ Ͳƴ һ˫èֱͫضš
Сû˿µ֣Ȼruaǰ˵ֻܴèС°ͣ۾﷢ܡèɵصͷСë޵Ķ䡣
һèһ㣬Ȼ޺͹褵ľ塣һ󣬾ҲܵӰ죬ʵطӳǵ뷨
Сû֮ǰèĿദúܺãſڲһ֣èèruaſè˯ʱèҲ̲סͷβͣȻС˦βʹ򣬵ģţСͻиЩεطèè
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Сֱèˣ˦βʹҲƣûʲôáè²㣬޿ӣĹĵ؅ء
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촽˫ʪǺŹ⣬ԥ˵ԡ
ݮôһһųˡм仹С㣬СֻһݮܳԺܶڣС㣬ݮһˣڱһݮŹĽġ
褳ԲݮԵ棬רģ˹ԡ
˿׷ȦɹٵƬ԰˵ͷúܽͷſɰĶͷЦղá
ͻȻ뵽ǺûʽԼ
һ㶣Լ᣿
԰
һ̸ˣͬʱʼ룬һԼᶼʲô
ӰϷ乫԰K裬ѹ·;еȵȡ
ӰڼͿüΣϷҲǣ԰Ļ˼ҺΧĻ԰㹻һ綼߲ꣻ裬ΪûٳҲи跿ûҪרųȥᳪеĻŵȹ褱ҵ֮ʱʡ
ôһųֻʣѹ·ˡ
ƫͷ⣬̫߸߹𣬲һҫۣԴԴϵɢ
ܺãͻȻЪҪȥġ
̧ۿޣʣԼ𣿡
޴΢ͷ
褾üΪ׼š޵ֱ۾ʹƹȦסļ§סһٴεصϡ
ڼҲԼᡣЦ˵
ô᲻֪ʲôǰʱ򣬹褾Թߵſˣһţоˣһƽ˵첻ʺϳţֹϹϣȫɾɵɢ״̬
ͷúеӰǴϷ
ޣԡ
ƽ⣬ƺĸνʵϣҲȷʵˡ
Ҳ֪ʱĻش𣬻е㲻ˣ˵ġ
ǣι褹˵Ӱ˵һܻİӰֵݼ˫ߣܶȥȫϢӰ֮󣬳ܷˡ
޶һ£üûбĵӰ𣿡
褾˵ǲӰϷ׷֮ǰƼмһû棬һƣԳɹгϷݡ
޳Ĭ룬˵ٻһ
ƫͷ̲סţЦ
ɵÿǹˣοֲɵ
ЩΣס
⣬͸һ΢΢ΣҲ˽죬ڶ϶Цţ޵ֶӰ÷
ûޣ򴽡
ͣЦ죬˵ǲǶԣ
ޣǡ
ֳϣסĲӣԸҵϲΪҺܸˣҲģġ
ӦһԱСƵƣ¥
һ£е㲻˼һ룬ֻˣνˡ§޵Ĳӣſϡ
һһڱܲɵӰСɱ˷ͻȻðʱѹһʶץס޵֡
Цʣ£
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Ҳɷ˵Һ¡
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Ϧ䣬Ʋ㱻ȾǳǳĽɫˮʣ˰쵻˾ޡ
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޵ͷȻʲô˵롣
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һţ˸Ȧ䡣
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Զһſñӣͯˣžݰһӣһʰ쵵ĴݻλƣƮڰգϦƯߣСܹȥΧݻУ˷׷
żŻӹһ̻ǳ
Χ֣˾ó
褺޵鶼ܲ
һᣬ褺Ȼִһ£˵ҾãԼ¶϶̲ȡ
˳ſȥһװɫֻ̲꣬Щ죬ƺǼꡣ
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Щᣬʶֳ޵֣ĸã
Ȼǰһ˵ļһ
Աͬʱӭֵһ½סˡ
ΧĿ˶͵ǣ⾭·ˣû̲ģһƳ̲ס̲Ľڣ߽˧硣
褺µ˱̲Ĩ̸ǣȻ󣬾һԵȡ
ԽԽ˽ꡣ
ЩӴ˴ŴڨҪϵʽθߴ̫㣬еˡ
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ǿ˧һһתš
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̲סҧҧѾҧòˣе㲻ֹˡ
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ŹתͷߡûһᣬԻ׷ܵǰֱضŹ褣ʣΪʲôҺѣ
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޺һϣ˫Ȼڳױٿƣ͵˻ȥҧסҪֻŲ븹Զɿ



61 
һȼ ѸϨ
ץס褵֣·ܵʲô̼ ˻ȥκһǶҪҡ
褸оϵ΢΢ʹڰյûаȫУʱ׹䡣ͺһ
סļ򣬽˰£ ݽĴ ȻԼҲڴߣ ٴȥ
褵촽ܺ죬 ŵһ꣬΢΢ſϢŲ
Ŀԣ
쳣ɳƵͳӺ޽ضĿһ̵ 뽫ǰڷ֮أڽʣһ˿ǣ ѹţ ʳôһ䣬 һѵĻᡣֻҪҡͷ ͻ
û˵ֱӹס޵Ĳӣק һҧסĺᣬ Ϊ˿϶Ĵ𸴡
ͫ ᲻ԾͷЩֱҧסĴ
ںܾ֮ǰ褾ͺ⵽ġΪϲޣηͬʱҲвڴԹΪ׼ʱͷ֣ĸ治ʵĳ
ܲһ
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ʱƵñǼ˲ſǻ
޿˫ʧ۽޲ϲˮʪĺ־˵ĴУѺεġ
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ʶģ䣬оԼȥԡңŵȵˮӦԼģʵûˣֻ˯ᵹϤĻڱϣһС
ٳʱѾȥ˺ܾã褲űŵ˸ɾĴϣ۾ţʱ˯š
ĳ˵ľǺܺã̲סģţһһµǣᣬе
һ°ͣૣˡ
ס֣һָ⡣΢ЩһֻĴޣȦסԼӵ˯
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褶䷢̣ҡͷãܺãû¡
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[ٺ١٣ղŲСĿˣұǸЦôŵˣ]

ʳ褺ųԷ̵سQϺʣһһԵúܡðǾˬ
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߳ʳʱ̲סʣʲô㲻Ӧ
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62 
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һͬôãͻϰޱӣǸˣûʲô̸֮ ͱ˺ܶ࣬ ֹһο ֻǳ޵ӣЦ˵˾仰 ޾ͺȻذϲԵĲ˼ߣˡ
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¶һ˿ǳЦ§ס褵ļ򣬶˵ǸֻΪѣϣյĵһ͵ġ



63 
һθߴ һݣǳڵòվһ ǺʸеĵӰ棬 Ƕۡ
û뵽޻ ܾϲ ˫۶ 㲻û𣿡
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***
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