صС˵www.27txt.La ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ


ԽɶҲûеĻô죿
ģˡ
ݡ޻԰ëסǸɾ޽еλü԰
ֻҵ츳ȥĶر㣡
ëװҲΪ
Ǳ壺(RQ)
ëס̾Ӫ
Ϊë׷ܶճ

1.  ĵһ   Ϸ

ǰһĻĮ
ľԼӦôҲǴԽˡ
¥øݣΪʲôգۣر任ùʶˣԽҲиǰҪɡ
ǵһԼŶЬë˯£ôһӾͱɴɫͷͽˡ·ֵֹģϵĹ档
ȻôգۣǰĻĮޱ仯ŴɰĿӭƤý
ĲĵԼһ¡һÿݿʼأ
ʹʹʹ̫ݣʹԼһ±㷢ǵĴ죬ͷһ
ϱ鲼Ŷѵĵߡ壬ʶĸֻеֱƺĽ״
еǸɺ̿ˡ
̫˰ɣΪʲôĮЩ
ɻתͷȥ̱õ˴𰸡
ЩǴԶȻϵġ
Ŀɿڴ3¥ôߵɫе
ʲô⣿

Ŀž޴ӶеĻеòԼȷʵԽˡִ֪ƼﻹûĶ
еǷŽɫ״һͷҪˮµľ㣬õβ͸߸ɲֱضϣֻʣ¿βͲֻͷ׹ٵġ
ֻʣµĲк㹻ˡ

һ£˫ãȻһƬհס
ʱͻȻ˶һ
ʲôģ⾭ӪϷʼʹ
ĸô룬µĵͻȻһָ׸ôĹ㣬λƵطɵıǼ⡣ǹǰ̯仯һʮϤϷ档
ϷõͷϷı߽ߣֱͼꡣһ֪ҴӵеǮӵеʣƤֽϵͳ
·һͼ궼ǻɫֻһģͼš
·Ǵͳʱʾʱ䣬úڰɫֳͺҹķֽ㡣

Ž棬ͻȻ½ŷģͼضʶֵһ£̵ޱϤϷ
ɫıϸһаɫ֡

[Ǵڷ״̬Ļǡ
Ǽʷɴ׹ڴ˵ҴߣԷɴΪݵ㿪ʼ̽ͽɡ
ռʣֲ߲ˮԼķӣƷǰݺĻ԰ۡ
ҲԿչδ֪ðգŵݾĻǾ񣬴ԼĳС
ɶȣôô]
⻹ǸϷ
Ҫ氡

ȻˤŶȥǺȻΪޣΪ⡣οƵطҲûŰ
Լһȴ޿κεʵȵûȥҵİ취
ô˵ٻиϵͳɹҪʲôûаӵƵطǾ

ʱϵͳʼʹ
[ֽ̳̣ϱڻߵΣķɲùҪñرʸô죿ֻڸֲջָʾӲֿ⣬ջĵһڴɡ]
ģϵͳUIӪ̨дôѪ

²һ䣬ˡ
㿪ͼ꣬ʮӡ
[
ԣ
ࣺ
ȼ
˵̷ֽ̳͵ʲôöŴ漣ֻҪ㸶㹻İϣܴ漣]
˵ûʲô

޿κεذֵֽ̳̣ϡֻĮĵطӲó棬οʲô߶ûСıŭʲôϷִûУ
ڱŭйûעʱϵͳ΢΢زһСںµƵġ
Ϊ˲ȣϵͳ濪ʼ͵͵Ƥֽš
Ҳ޿κΣֻ»ϵͳ棬Լոûע⵽ʼ·һִ
ĵһеͼ꣬ϵͳ˼Ѥöʵ񻨣ŲһһչִĶ
Ŀˡ
ô¡أʵһӺˮ
Ϸŵˣ֮һûС

[
ԣ
ࣺ
ȼ
˵һƽƽĲӣΨһصӦڶӡ]

[ˮ
ԣˮ
ࣺ
ȼ
˵һеرˮ˵ˮףװɾˮԶҲա]

ȲᣬˮǸöҪ֪ˮ֮ԴͲ¿ˡ
ĳģֲҵŬӲúһĵҳһСӷ˽ȥСĵˮ
ϵͳ·ֵһ״ͼꡣ
ĵȥһһʾոȥӣһеʱʱ䡣Ժѯֲ
ֽ̳ٴε
[ֽ̳̣ѵʱеأҪģǿʹüٷϡȻʲôڴڼӡ]
[ϲüٷ1]
[ֽ̳̣ʹÿɡ]
ʲô˼
˼һӡ
Ϸľ飬ʾĶпܻӵĶӰ졣

ʱϵͳѡ
[ˣֲˣջ]
ĵͷһ
⡭




2.  ĵڶ   ֲҵ

ǰһôεֲ߶ֻĵϥǣϽĹʵȴһô󣬳صúҪ֦ѹһ㡣ɫ魵ɫƤܹ⻬ûζ
Ȼơ
ǰҪôջ
һǺɫıĹʵʵȻֱӹ
ֲɫðһЩûʧ

[ϲ˵һջ񡣽Ŭɡ]
⣿
ҲҪ㽱ɡ
ؼ۲ʵȻʵܴ󣬵Ǳᡣ֪ʲôϰԵָã淢пյĴ졣
оˡ
ʵȻ˹âϷһ˲ѳ룬мȻʵĵĹ⣬ǡһɫĿñǰ滹һյСƿ
ۿñ
ԣ
ࣺ
ȼͨ
ϵͳսϵͳվأޡ
˵ڸΣ֮ʱԴǰ̽յıرװء
ģ
˵ߴܺҲ̫˰ɡ

ϵͳ˳ʱһѡ
[ֲͼѿ]
ſ·ͼ걻ˡһģͼ꣬ӦþͼˡһȻոյֲͼ¼ˡ
ĵһ¡
[װ
״̬
˵װĹʵûҪˡΪʩʣϺͻҲĹʵӰ졣Ҳûô
´νʱ䣺]
˵ÿһֶ˲۵㡣
ľûô趨
˵·ôðɡ
ȻϵͳʶΪתƣʾʿ͹ʵԡҲ̫ʵˣ
ֽ̳ɡ񣬿Լǳ֮ðɡ
ģƾһñҪʲôг

û취Ļص㿪Ƥֽͼ꣬Ȼ־
[1ҹѰһȫҹĻĮΣķΪС룬ҪúÿŶ]
طҲûУаȫĵط˵Σջʲô
˷ɴ棬⿴ͷĻĮҲûˡֻܽȥɴ濴ˡ
صϵͳ棬һʼĹ³֣Ƶطţͣߡ
ӲͷƤµӶŷתһȦҵһڡĽ壬ЩʮּӡСĵ㡣
̽飬һƬֻƿڴǿһ谵Ĺߡ˵̽ˣ·Ǹ⡣
ĸշͿһĨ޵Ļɫ
ñ

ʵĿñͷƣǰͻȻһ̵ᶼҪˡСȥ
ñķյá׵ĿƼ䵭緿һࡣ
Ĵ۲졣
һŤͷ
һ߲Ұ׵÷İùǡ

ʲô
ŵñͷܣתͷȾܡûЬܵ
ϵͳСֱӱ˦˺棬ںڰɢ΢Ĺâһ£Ŭ׷
һ·˲֪ã඼ǻܳˡʵܲˣһɹζӿ촭Ųͣ¡
һ߷űĽǽڴһ߲סػͷ쿴
û׷
УҲֲ̫ˡ

ȻϸоֲֻͷһյþˣԵͷɲ⡣
Ƿɴ׹ٵʱ͵顣еݵļӸС
ǳȥɡ
˵òУȶˣǲ·ԽԽҡϵͳϺеͼϽ
ûҵͼȿ񣱱״̬

[1ɣ￴Ƿɴҽң©İȫ]
[ϲ1֪ʶ㡣]
1֪ʶ㣬Ϸĵը
֪ʶʲô˼
İʷŵһߣΪ뵽һؼĵ㡣
ҽҡȵȣô˵

Сſ̽ͷϵͳСԴ棬ҲѧŹشڶ
ϰ죬ĲȷԼĲ²ǶԵġ
ʲôֻҽõüӡװһ˵ô˵ʵеµģɴҽ˿ײϡ
ײͷƹǿ£¶üӵ
ˣֲ

ֻƴزȥԼҵתע
ˣոյ֪ʶʲô˼̽һ飬ŷԼԽĿ
ĵ㿪Լͷ񣬵Խ档

[
壺ࣨĿǰ״̬
֪ʶ㣺1ڻȡܣ
ƺţ
ܣ
װ]
оϺǸõĶ
ϵͳ
[2Ϊ˰ȫȹҹһЩҪɡ̽һҽҰɣҪ޲ġ]
ϵͳʾûƵҩƷȷʵҪܲҵЩõĶɡ
һ顣




3.  ĵ   Ǹö

ҽһͦģжʮƽִҽûʲô׵װΣﻹŵˮζ
ڷɴ׹ٵģȻˮƽģٻбòֻ̫վǲԾĳǶ㵹ЩѾ
뵹һԲεĵ״ҲգĵƲδƲգƻƬﶼôݵġûе磬Ӧòðɡ
ԱһɫĽӣ͵һģȻһ壬϶
һǽһǣſӦǸӡһЩĸոյİײǴﳶģЩס״ӡ
ûҩƷҲûʲôϵóҽе

̽Ⱥܿ죬ĸɿ̧ͷһ½ǵʱ䣬ٸвǸʱǰʱͼָӰɫĲŲɫĲˡ
ǰ򼢻ĵľ飬һҹͻָΣաҪٳȥķ䣬е¡
ĴЩǿõĽ壬ûй߿á
պãװֽµĹˡ
ĸϽӡ
˯ͷȻպþϵĹ䡣
ѵϵͳС汾ҪɶɶֵЦ漴룬ô°
²С㱣ֳĬ

ŽЩ嶤ǸƿϣǺȻûּܡ
ʹʹʹӵʱҵԼĴָһҾ硣
Ǵ˵ӱʾӦûᣬָʾûС
ܼ򵥰ʹҺûѪĺָҰοǽô죿ҽңȥһĵط
һר˼һ̲סڷתȦȦ
һûע⣬תصüԱˡ
Ļû֣ϵͳСע⵽ˣڰиַ裬ͼĵע⡣
ú档ʲô˵ϵͳ𣿡ĺЦ
δ䣬۽ǾǰײֱŵùǺˣֱײǽϣͣ
ظѹˡ
С簲οƵģ䵽ָϡ
ľɥǽߡ

̫ˡпñ滹Ǻܿ¡˵ΪһĺڰԵøɭֲˡʱʲôӱڳһ
ȥǹ㣬ɵૡҪеͺˡ
С紥㶶һ£Ȼһ´ĵķǰһ裬ͷǽڵĳ
Ҫҿʲôֵظȥ
İͷһգŷֹһ壬͸ĿӺһť
ʱϵͳˡ
[2ɣҵõԴûԴһпƼﶼǷϲʱ]
[ϲ1֪ʶ㡣]
ô˵ťҽҵıõԴťĵ۾ʱ
ϲֵĸɴض׼ťȥ

ķͻȻ˸¹ȻչֳеĹ̵ᶼˡ
̫ˣ
æе㶫ˡ۵ö붯оոһᣬһµ˶ˡ
лл㡣Ҫë׵СͺˣھܱߣëˡĿϧ˵
СԥػƷƺ֪һ㣬ͣڰУ뿿ȴֲҡ

ҽ֮󣬺ȻֻһѡǾǰڡ
ոǸֻˡ޲Ĳϡߣǲð
ȵȣܣ
ͻȻ֪ʶܻܡ
壬֪ʶһȻܵ㿪ֵľĲ²ļܶһ档
ֶѻһ𣬿ͷƤ顣ȻܶһļܶǺ£Ҫҵ²ҵҪļܣ
ҪôҰҪи׼ĽɡĸôԹһ䣬ȻϽǻһϤķŴͼꡣ
ĻԼĺʲôʲôҲ㲻ˡ
ؼʡ޸
ˬֻС

[޸
˵:˵ʴڶǿԱ޸ġ޵ôҪˡ
Ҫ֪ʶ㣺 1000]

[޸
˵Ĵһ⡣ٿԿ϶ǣǿԱ޸ģֻҪһСϡ
Ҫ֪ʶ㣺 1000]

Ŀ˿Լ֪ʶֻٵÿ2㣬ᡣûʲô
Բ̫
ĻǱŽҵɸѡһ֪ʶ2µļܣطһö
[
˵̫ΪʲôʺϺı㡣ֻҪִܵõٿƽ̻ͣΪߵĴʵ䡣Ȼ0ļտʼܴôΰЧ
ʾ㹻Ⱥ󣬸üܿ
Ҫ֪ʶ㣨ػݣ1ԭ1000]

̫ʺˡһĨڣʲô㲻룬ȫԲˡ
Ϊʲô۸رˣ
ĳ²С㽾͵͵£ٺٺ١
Ҳûԥ̵ѧ˼
ѧԺˡ
ȵȣΪѧôŴ򿪶һ
ոյһʱȻȫû
أ




4.  ĵ   ԻΪʳǱܡ

˰죬ҲֻˡһˣץסϵͳѶ»س
취ɡ
֮ǰһ¼ܰɡ
˳ܵ룬ִǸεĽҲգǰϵһС͡

۵ͼҽƲ
ԣˮ
ࣺƷ
ȼͨ
ϵͳս10
˵Խ飬ͼ򵥵ܴƱϾǸͼɫ˯߲ʹãǿ㲻
[ϲһμ𣬻1֪ʶ㡣]
[+1]
[3ɣ֪ʶ֪ʶ㻻ȡܣʵһϲǸһ֮ˡ]

ԭˣҲ̽һ֣Ҳܻ֪ʶ㡣ͺð˵ϵͳ̫˰ɣôһռ۲10ҡ
ȵȣô˵Ҳܿϵͳ

Ŀʼֻ6֪ʶ㣬ϵͳԸռ۸ƷֱǱԴأ50ңĽһ10ңƴǵ֣2ң
ҲȰϵͳˣͿԼʾ2
ϵͳ֪ͨ˳
[̳ǿý̳жһƷˣעƷĿ¼ʱƵģ24Сʱ֮ˢ¡ǵƷ뾡칺Ŷ]

Դǲġ´ҵõĵط԰ߡҽƲ˵Ҳãš
嵹Ƕúܣһ㣬ܲڽ̳ǻõĶ
[12]

̴̳ǣƷٵÿ
ǿɡ
[̳
1.ҽѧñ걾1ߣ5ң棺1
2.1ȣ20ң棺1
ˢʱ䣺23:59:50]
⿴ոĶȲΪʲôƾǼ۵⣬źĽģת۾ͷһֱ١
ſֱװĶڣҪʵʲֻҪѡоҪĵطãеװηСϷ

ۿҪҹˡֻҽƲգ10ңչǮֱӰƿڴ
ȱûһ˿϶
ҽͨȵŹʵˣȫˡ
ĳһ
~
һӾ͸оˡûҵʳ
ﻹоӡոոֲԿܳԵĿԲ󡣵иܱûкá
ˣļ֪ܲɵó
ĽӴӱóʹüŵضſ
ϵͳСҲǽŵòУһ¶΢

ˡ
[ʳ
״̬
˵һ־Լʳôһθֻ˵ջдǿֲ漴ںʳĹʵ֣¿ǰһ׼ɡ]
ϢֲĹʵǳԵġ
Ϣʳɫ̡
ܱûкá
˰οԼȻسûڣװԱʳ
ûֽų̵ļ٣ֲʱҪ15ӣ֪ϲϵϡ

ĶԱߣؼЩϵͳ׬ҡм϶ʱʱ̧ͷɫ
ԽվǻɵģͿ塣оϾͲɵļ¡
ڽصȴУҹȵˡ
վȻһ˲䳹װ˭ٵÿĹâӵƽһΧֻй֮ǿüġָĲŵǰ
ǰΪֲָֻǿŵݣû뵽ȷ¡
Һõ˿ñƣϽ򿪵ƣһ˿˿İȫСӣֲͺˡ

ȫĺڰ֮УΨлĮҵķХ죬ʵ
÷ɿ죬е㲻̫õԤСߵķмֵĶޡ
ƺʲôڰз´ڶġ
ҲʶĿܾϵͳ˵ҹеΣաʲôøϽҽȥǡ
~~~~
ӽеöƵˡĿŽĹʵ̲סʿˮ
һӣӦü
Ĺ˿ñƣ±﷢֣ضϵͳ档

ǶŲǳӽˣһ÷ǳˡϤϤǺֻܶϸĽӯز档
ƴԷľ룬ζЩζ
üӦûü
Ĳһ̧ͷ
ڰɫĹâ
ķӦˣ亹һӾʹʪ˺׵ͷ
ǹ
ʱϵͳʾ
[ʳѳ죬ʱջ]
һѶʵȾܣһͷҽҹš
ͬʱ˾޴ײ
ɴкҵػζŤİ




5.  ĵ   ̽ʼ

Ŀǽڣ˲ϸɾɾ̱ڵϣǹʵ
ԼոôôĵӣȻΪһڳԵð˵Σա
~
ʱ
ĲòţԼô

ˣҲˡȳԷɡ
Ŀ˹ʵʵѿ¶ĶڵðŰһҲѧеĳԣء
ʵ֮ǰװһɫģ⻬Բ״ʳĹʵСһ㣬ֻƴ
ʵĵͷԶ䣬һӡʵѿƤ룬װʳ
һװһǷѳǽ
ȲᶼһʵΪʲôûлɫڹֲ֣Ȼʳòϵȫ

ˣ滹ڷײץӵ
Ŀʼľ˺һƹˤɴרĳԷ
֪ˣʳıãζܲʿڣŨ׷УҪģȵġ
ĶůɢйĻֲ̿һ˿˿ϣ
Ӧû̫ɡ
ĵƤسƳ

ֱͣߵСһƬ͵Ĺâ֮лûΡ
һҺɫسϷ߳ڶӰ֮Уֻһ˫ںڰ˸˸⡣
վǰþõѩ԰׵ָߵɢɵطһĸ̾
ڡ

һҹ˯ãȻشӿյķͷתһͷ
þòŻ
Ȼΰ
йԼʹ÷͵ĲӡϾȻֱ˯ˣйɵġ
ˣأ
ƴ
ͷֻޱȵķ磬Ŵɳӣƴôŷɴкǵ졣ϵĹƺѾˡ

ĵ˺һᣬŴųȥ
һƬǽ塣
һȥ̲ס˱ӣɴкֻ𻵣һȻ˲ٸḯʴĺۼ
Ȼ˯øһǱһƬ亹
ĶɵԼ
[4ɣȹΣķҹʤ]
[1֪ʶ]

ĲòΪϵͳĿų̶ٴθпһ
п꣬һתͷ
ҵıʹؼС
ҵ·ˣµֲﶼˣֻʣ¸һΧһƬǽ壬֭Һһءֱֲ永ֳ
ֲúС˺ܶ࣬ԭǻȥˡ
ô죿
ᣬӱóˮһȥ뿴ûеľȡǶ˵ֲǿҲء
Ĵϵͳ쿴״ֲ̬Ȼڣֻ״̬١ȵϣûУʱ벻

ûɱȻѾûǾֻǰˡҲľѵôɵֲˡܸ衣
̳ǻûˢ£ĿǰֻһֹĿ¼ϡҲƶϣ̳ʲôҪĽʲôϵͳա
Ǽ̽ɴɡ

һԼʡ
12֪ʶ98ñ11ʳĹʵƤ21
ˣִ͵ĲӺˮ1
ͻȻеϷտֻ۵˷ܸС
ĵûոôɥˡ

ΪԷһȰҽҵıԴزŽС̤ҽңٴνδ֪ȡϵͳС
ɴ׹٣Ҳܵ˾޴ĳǽϲ֩ϸСѺۣеѾ̮ˡϸ˵飬Ͳ֪ﻬ
û˷ѣһһ𡣿˵һ׾룬Ųʮֻģʽྶͥ
ϼǽ塢ѾϵռһЩõġļ꣬ԻҵĲ־Ӹϵͳ
ĸһջ45֪ʶ㣬30ҡҲ۵òˡ
ҪǶġ

ľոյжģʽȻջ񣬵ҲҪġʳʳʳһʳΪѡ
֪ɴûвֿ⣬ʳãǽѰҰȫͼһ˵ֵͼϻԷ䡣ҵˣֿ⡣
һ˵ֿûôסڷɴ׹٣ֿû£ǽȴһ󶴡ļ˸ˣԱ˽ȥ
ֿѾҳһѡʲôĶߵˣĻҲˤһţƬһء

ߣֱԼڰɽˮ̫ˡ
Һջķᡣ
ҵһѹͷװϵֿ˦˸ȥ

[̫չͷ
ԣ
ࣺʳ
ȼͨ
˵Թ]
̵˵ˣǿͷǱѰĿɡ
˿˿ͷӣûгԣһгԵĳζֱϷ۽һĸоͬ졣
ʲôɱ




6.  ĵ   Сǰ·

ĿտҲθһ˲ͱˡ
ôӦûбĶɡ
űӿ߰˸ͷ˵һͷʣµȻûô£ҲѳԵ˻
һûԶ˺ó·ڶֻǿһʲôζûеĳڡ
ڻķѳ˼ζ
ĻǾѡʮͷŽϵͳоϽĿ

ļֿ⡣
ʳǲˣһɡһʣµʳƷء
ȵȣмȫȿ
ĻȻ˸óӿʼ
[ϲ8֪ʶ㡣]
ˡ
Ľŵ˲Ʊȿ˷ܸС
ר־ʱͻȻϵͳ㽹شڵǰھʲô
ôˣĺЦ̧ͷ
ޱߵļį¶У΢˵ϵͳ˸еһ˿ο塣
չϵͳ棬ص档
[棡ѺӽУڵ˫ʵ뾡ܡ]

ʲô˼
ѺԾɶ
һͷˮǿٵؽԼҵĶӽϵͳ׼·
ܡ
Ļûף͸оԺһǰ˵ڵʡ
ģôзѺǵж

Ũī֭һĺڰסģ֪ԼںΣգôҲѲʱǳһâƤϣŽѡ
գգۣ˺һѹ
ϵͳѹڰ衣
ҵģлл㡣ĸмصл˶٣˵´θԤܲپȷһ㰡
С̾ɥƵ䵽ĵ·ϣˡ
ˣ˲󼺡ǿûƷļܰɡ

ĲŷԼ廨󣬵Χûпصˡ
ڻ谵Ĺϸ۲졣
һûдСķ䣬ΧѻĲ֪кöͷ滹Щ𶯸С
оǳϤ̲µԼڳִ󿨳ܽ͡Ϊʲôûе˿أΪĳһǴ򿪵ġ
˻û¶棬ƶ϶Էһ⡣Ȼôһ仰˵ֱӰδߣôʵ

ʹӰ̫ˣĵֿʼǡôȰӸϡҺϵͳȡֻҪͿˡ
Ĵϵͳȡ䣬䱸һѼֽ첢ãŸӡ෢͵󣬸ϽСؿ̽顣
Ȼˡ
ô죿
ĿЩϡΪⱾͲ˳ڴĵط
ĸо¶ȿʼΪȱɵģʻ̫µµġ֮ܶٲ취ˡ
ϵͳ˹
Ĵϵͳ棬ʼѰҽİ취
ĿǰĶƺû취򿪳šҲԣ
Ǽأ
Ķʱ򣬸ϽһԼ֪ʶ㣺71
ǺܶࡣıŽҵɸѡ˼ܶһб
70֪ʶµļûйࡣ
ɸѡܣϧҪ֪ʶҲ100ڳﵽ˦Ҳֻܼƴյ89֪ʶ㡣

ô죬ȥѵҪ־ܣ׸ֻҪһ뵽֣ľ;úòġ
һа취ġ
ѾʼˣֻǿţһԼӵеԴ
ӡӡˮ䣬ƤףһЩ塭
ȵȡ
˲۷ŹԼԴ
ɵˣûţһͺˡ

Ӽʻңߴ˴źһƷһ߿һġ
û뵽ջǸɰСŷ̵ǸͷЦ˵ϡͷƤ϶ֵŰ׺쳣
ǵҿˣôûڴϿһһ̷һͷ˼˵ƷһۼҲûСѵûб
˭֪أżףʲôǵġҿһԼĹͷüŪ۵زȫ
ˣȰᶫɣʱˡȻأʼᶫ˳ȥ㱨ҿڼʻ˯㡣ҿˣô˯ˡ
ʲôϵˡ˵ҳİٸ˵ľۼذɡˣµأҿЦʡؽӴˣ
ԣҴǱ·ûɧ׿ٵ۷ȥѯʰ˵ˡ
Ȼϳʣû˿


СشϢѾĺ¡ľ
ӡӳˡ
˰Сʱ֮ĲŸֱҹ۲졣
ѾɴڵĴˡ
һʼųӡͽ߻طɴ棬ֵЩ˻۷Ѱҧ˸ǰ
ҪҹǰҵѵİȫС
һ޼ʵĻҰޱ¶С
ҺûѽĴ˴Լ߷Ĺ㡣
ɵָ˲䡣




7.  ĵ   ǵ

ֶãҲûҵκοԲĵطĮûоͷɵػǲֻлĮ
һСʱҪˡĽòˡ
СŬǰȻʲô
ʲôԲȦС㡭ӣӶԲԣ㷴Ӧˣû8ӵļء
ãõġƴŵصͷ
ҲǷ̩Ѿˣֵˡ
ķĵһشǽͨߣ

[
״̬
˵˵ŲƫаȻʱֻжʮսʤȻɡȼ̫ܣȻɹСʱ̫ҹҲܼʻ]
ĸϽͳӣڵϷңھƣ֮ǰȥ
ʮӺ󣬳״̬
ģ

ʱٶʮûʲôñԹģܱɡǣĶֻϥôߵС
֮ǰһҲ˹ʵš
ȻľͿֻϥǵνһˡɺϴֵ֦ԲĹʵѹ䣬ûгͷг
ţĶ쳤þгĳ֡ǿϣץŰ״
ãȻγԼȸһպÿԵλĿĵһ
ɣˡһת֣ͻᰴշߡһɣֻὥٶͣ
ڻ40ӣҲڱεĵطЩԶһҲá
ΪĻһơ

2Ӽ
[
״̬һ
˵ǲСĻӵݽҡȻӣҲҪˮĲŶҪĽչķҲܼ򵥣ֻҪʩʺɹ̫ͺˡ㾿ǲӣ
ⱸעӵҰޣϢЧҰıرװá]
һ˵
˵ĺֻҪȥܻһȫˡΪ˷ֹᱻЩץ˷֣һҪȥԶױֵλòС
ĮҰʵ̫ˣûʲôɽڵҲûУͻȻһرԡ
ȻĻܿ϶ݻ᲻᳤ģϵͳԣӦҲǸ͡

оϻ˵ĺãһҪúÿ·
أ³ˡ
ĳԼ˼һע⣬ǰȻиӶгûɲһ˵һҲֱ塣

ⶴȻƷǳسĽرסѩһһ·ͨػ˳ڡ
ֱӱ˦ȥʧܵӡȷɱֱҵϣʵһ
ޡ˺һﻹԽ١
ڲǾʱˡ
۾ִֵֻع۲һ£㹻ĵ棬ɿݣˮ
ĺͨͲһ㣬ڶǹ
ȻͷƤŲײϸ죬ԽԽԽԽ
ĺµ˫ֽȭؿڡ

ʮӼֱһһ
[ˣѳɣԽסúðϧļŶ]
ĵͷ絷⣬жᶼˡ
һݵΣɿؿųȥ
һ˲䣬־ͱܰ΢ůϵһɶ

һֻ컨봹һ״ĵƣ΢Ƶůâ䡣
ֻһĿռ䣬͵ȼӦԺռ¥ҲӦӡ
ʾڲռǸ׮ԲΡòֱ6һ£Ҳ15ƽ
߶ϣĵţ쳤ֱҲҲ2ϡ
ǽȻ׵ǳľɫǳ⻬񱻾Ĵĥһ㡣һµľζ
Ϊߣǽ߸һȹεİɫľʵľҶڵ彫رգ⣬ضõĹߡ
Ѱļطǽⲻˡ

Ĵ˸Ƿǽ˸ƽԼذǽڻдŵľůűǼľ˯֮С

ڶ𴲣ıˡ
Ȼ˯Ƿġ
磡Ҳûбӡȥøð
ҪȥŪҾߺͱء
˼أϵͳСϽǼһ㣬ȥŵı档
ĵָմź󣬱ˡһľű澹Ȼһ塣

[̨
˵һõļ԰ҪǾһͨݷΧڵһнй
Ŀ¼
1.
2.԰]
԰
˲۷Ź⡣




8.  ĵڰ   

Ȼʲôٻ޵Ŀɰ԰ŵ﹡
ֻһɶֲ˵ġ
Ȼӿһ¡
ֲˡ
ûӰ

ĸɥͻȻﻹӡ
ɽˮ·һ塣Ҳӣлջġ
Ĵϵͳóӣ쿴ҵˡ

[԰
״̬
˵԰֣Ϊ˱ķ⣬԰ӡҲϲ԰⣬ֲͬ顣Ҫʱ⾪ϲ]

ֵһǸϣÿֶŹֱ׵ÿ
²һ䣬˷ܵ׼ȥ԰ˡ
ϴΰ⣬ĿĹеֻʣˡɰʹˡػСĽЩˡ
ˣıӦڷɴֿҵʡʱһǵ÷ʲôҪúһ¡
ڱ﷭һ£óһľͷӣװŵĶڿӣ׼ӵá
ֻҪװһͿˡ

ſӣСسţȷ沢ûйšǳţſ״
ʲôĿ棬Ŀɿڴ
Ѿǰ죬ȴȻһƬҹ
ֻݵűϴŵһ״Ĺҵƣ͸΢ƵĹâǰƴĵط
ǵص׶Ѩ
һ£»ôһҪڵϲ֡ûĻֲӦþûа취úˡ
̫ơ

һ߷һ߾ͶڵƹԵСĵòһ㱡װľΪŻô
ĻĮһָ׸ǴĿӶҪѾŶ֮ҪľףǵɡǴ˵еԵ֡
ҿοһġ
ôˣǸͷľߵ֣װ˰ľѵذط

ڷתư죬ĲžӰſڽֱߡһžֲܿһܰ
ȾλãĽŲſʼ԰ڿӡ֡ٽˮʮӺͳˡ
ľԼ̫ˡ

԰ÿɺǰ漸ֵȫͬʮֵɰȻɻǺܸߣïỤ̃ϸС֦ϻźüͮͮСӣ˴ĵ׵ظеġ

οظпһ̲סȥӡ̵ġˡǻܳ԰ɡѿˣŶԭӡ
ԭСĺӣ˵˵԰صֲӡ
ȻҲ
֪ӵֱ࣬˼

[
״̬
ȼͨ]
ˮϲ
ĽŰʣµӶժ֪ӷֱݮ˿ϡͻҬˡ
԰ƷζЩֲﳤҲʮֺÿҲܺóԡ
һ뵽̲ס˲ߵĿˮ
~
ˡ

ĸϽӱó֮ǰѡĹͷȻóԣζܷΧڡſſģһζʲôζҲûС
˹ͷǶȴûаУ˸į
ĲĶƤˡ
ϾҪֳʵ߲ˮͿԡĽĿˮ갡

ֻû̫Ļ֪ͨӻܲ˳óԵĹʵ
ЩȻѾſñǰȦһСأǳٳûв֡Щ˷ѡȷͨӻ᲻չԡ
԰ÿνӶҪСʱÿҲֻٵ̫ˡ

룬ӷɴֿõʡպ̫ƾͺˡ
ҲĴתƣԱߴһ㡣
ҵˡҸشСɽһһŰɫԲ򣬴ֻаƴĸո̫ơ
֪ɴҪﺽУ϶Ҫ̫ƵġҺۼֿȷŽ˱

İռ˵Сش̫ơ
СԲʹĵķɵѨĶˣݸյõģζ
ůıɹůģó˸
ʱͷſڵĹҵѾصˡԭԶġ

Ҳ̫ƵĹߣܰԼļݿ
һ֦ҶïĴ׳ɣչֱҲϱͲ
ĴźߵĴǹεĿɰ磬ЩͯλøС
Ũܵ޷Զ֦һİɫС޵ĵŻ㡣
ڶѨȴȵϵĻĮʡ

Ŀĵժ¿ñսſ
ȻֻһѻҪֵҲӡ
ϣԺ̳Ҳũҵ߰ɡ

һԵСɵµͷ




9.  ĵھ   ֲأװ

Ļȷ˵ЧΧж󡣳ڽǣڿһ׵ķΧӡ
ȻֵҲҪȹ滮֮ġ
ڳصı߽
ǰһ··ò¼ǺţÿߵضΪε֡ĿǰĿ.
·ұ߿ŵĵһݮһѣպһȴǰԺΪѴӣܳΪǰķ羰ˡԺˮֲ
ʣһ»Ҭ˺˿ϣһ鵥ֺΪʳȻҪ档
һһ߻ڻ¯ԳԿĻ档ֱܸ

ȻַǳʡΪÿڳָˮĿɷ˲һϵйֱˡ
޸֮ĶС죬ÿ
СתȦڻƵģеɰǲߣëʮֿϧ

ĸ﹡ϢСһҲϷ
ǰϸûֻܣڶûֻˣȻûнǡ֡
Ĵϵͳ뿴Ӷܳ졣ʵ̫ѹͷˡ֣ΪʲôûʾҸոµӣ

ֻ˱ݻٵװʳ԰ѵֻЩֵӲŻᱻ¼
Сƺĵڰһ裬ȥź̨ư塣
ԭҪ￴ллĴݵĿư壬ҵ԰QأԼƻֳĿ

[1أݮ컹ʣ232000
2أѣ컹ʣ232520
3أҬˣ컹ʣ53048
˿ϣ컹ʣ234848
4أ컹ʣ55200]

Ŀʾʱ䣬ɵһ
ϷֲĿǰûмڵĹ涨ĻֻϷҲ˳ˡ
ҲԵ֪鱨ֲһջ绨ҬˡֻҪ6СʱֲԷջģҪ24Сʱ

óڵĿ϶ݲһ¡оҪʵʵļװСϷ
˷ܵƻ
Ҫ˯õĴŶĹӣԷõӣǺȻû̳ûݵĻǣҳЩرļҾ
ҲΪûԼ졣֪ʶܹ˸㵽һؼܡ

뵽ĵ㿪壬֪ʶѾ֪ܵ102㡣˳־ȥܶһʲôܡ
102µļʮһ۾һ

[ľ
˵ӵд˼ܣȻܡľԴ֪ôסɣǼõĲ
Ҫ֪ʶ㣺100]
̫ˡ
ţû뵽þǣϵ֡

Ȼûпɭ֣ˣӷɴֿ˲ľӳͿٻˡ
Ľȫڿգװ
ΥĹóˡȰľӲһľ壬Сźá
мĲر˳֣һ֪ôж˵ľ屾
ʽҾˡ

ͷûֽʣıѡһʯͷſڣڵϻͼ
ҾҪݵķ䡣ҪǵĿǰеľǺܶ࣬óÿһԴ
һһŴһӡĿǰǺܱҪ͵ҵµԴֳõľ˵
мܾһʼù֣ûĿİͰͣҲǺܺÿʱ͵Ӧֶˡ

ӵʱľԼ̫ɵˡոոҪӶ
ȻֱӰƴһٰѹŸһ£һˡ

ʱľϸˡݿռԲεġѴɳΣͻ޷ǽˡ
ľĸĶ
ѴɰԲΣǽڸոպ͡¿ռľֿͱɳ޵ɴˡ
ĻԹأȷᷢҹı硣ٳһԼ
ȵʱҹݾͱװεģˡ
һŰԲεͯ󴲣һŤŤЩɰİ񡣴鷫·µͷ
ǳ
Ŀĵ˵ϸڣſǽȱǽеӲ
óһ·ڱ󡣹ȻˡôţĸպöŴԾķ羰
ܴ˿ǺģĵǰѾʼչ԰ˡ
ˣѾСʱҬ˺ͺӦѾˡ
һͦӴպôһ죬ǿµ˻Զ
ô죿
Ϊʡ磬Ľ̫趨ɰҹ¡
ֱɺˣֻǰҵһ 
ſź˰졣
΢Ƶĵƹ£Ҭ˵ĻҶͺǽ˴Ρ





10.  ĵʮ   


ˮҬˣŵξУһҪƤõۣҲԳԵģ裬ҲܺóԡˣȲ졣
Ǿȥ
˵Ƕ˺ü죬Ǹʦ緹ʱ䳬5ӣеɫִϡֻǹѣѵбȶӸ£
١˵ˣҲҰ޵Чɡ

üΣһ͵һţ˳ȥ
ڹâͺڰıԵȷϹﲻڸ֮󣬷ɿոũ
ӦôѵġʹôҲβҬˣϷĵȥˡ
һƽ׵ϱ鲼źϸ룬Աֱ

˳ŶѨͨ˴˿־˻
ҲҶයڳŸһ·һϽܡ

ž
ýˤţ̱ڵϴڴ̫ˡҪ취ȷЧķΧС
Ҫոũ߲С
̯֣һȫǻƵСӣֱǱֲҶӷԵƣ˿ڸоɬ
Ĵ֪ԭֹͷоζȻƤҲԡı۸ᡣ

ǲˣк˻ʲôİ
رĺֿЦһӡ

Ժɣʲô÷ţֻҪл𡭡𣡣
Ķʱɵˡ
ȫûؼĲ֡
ˣҪô
һ˼һóˮˮϴϴϵࡣȻ԰ϷģȿԽˮֿԱˮŪ෿䡣
ϴɾԺĺóˡϺƤӣϻһҶʵͺзĸо
˵

ĳƴĭ
ϵͳСԱ߿ᣬϽɹǰơ
ˣʲôС㡣Ļ˸֡ܲϵͳϵͳؽаɡȻҲûõȥˡ
ϵͳСæϵͳ档
[̳
1.ҽѧñ걾1ߣ5ң棺1
2.1ȣ20ң棺5
3.1ף50ң棺1
ˢʱ䣺23:59:40]
Ŷá
ĸϽͿС⣬¡

Ȼ۸һ㣬׳ʮȫ̹Ұ¯֪ΪʲôӵĽЩ졣
Ҳûô࣬ϽŽټˮɾˮûҪʱĲŷ֣¯ҲǸ¯ӣûȼϡ
˵飬̲ס֪̾ûô˵飬ܰæҲһˡ
¯Ҫв𡢾ƾú̿ȼϲáѾ䱸ƴʯĲֻ֣ҪҵȼϾܵϻˡ
ȼأ

ĳһ£ĿպԼİϡ
Ҫòģôԡȵȡ
Ĵϵͳһңҵ֮ǰҾʱķϣľùõøһ¯С
ɹ
ȿȿȡеǺˡҲֻһˡ
ϾҪĿǺ

ܰСݴʱɽƣ߿Щģˡ
ҲпЧ
̺Ѭ۾С㣬´ܲȼϣĴһԼɵС㣬ͼ˵
Сһ㣬»˻Ρ

ݵĵȻ䣬Ϊ˸ʻǲüһ鷫ϼ۾ˡ
ϣȣ֧ϥϣ°ͣר־ضǰĹӡ
ʼ˵ˣðڵİ̻ҲζĲסʿˮ
𣿺û
ˣ
ó֮ǰĹƤ롢ӣڹ˴һ͵ףȷ涼͸ˡ
ƤףʳʣŲʱ̫³çˣҪûڷɴͺˡ
ĸ˾ɥ飬̱ĺˡûϵڲµĽ
̸

̣ĹŬشĿˮ֮ǰˡ
ŴĺþˣڼһֱڻϣȫôζȻֲе㡣
ʲôţѾóԵ̵Լͷ
Υʳ
һӵĺһԵøɸɾĵĺθһůˡ

ԵñƤҲأŬسţƤװˮϴ¯Ӳ¶ȲˮҲղ˾͵á
ȷϲˮѾչ¯ӳϨϴ˯
ͷһմͷ˯ˡ

ڶ𴲵
þû˯ôˡ
ڴԽǰضҪ˯֮ǰֻڶֻΪҪϰòÿ춼˯߲㣬Ȧء
ôԽҲȫǻ¡

Ұοһҵһ¡
ˣҪƻһ½г̲С
һʯͷǰڵдд
ҪϽջȼϲҪСװλҪٶ͸ˡ
ܺãҲǳʵһ졣




11.  ĵʮһ   У̽¶

üƻȽ˵ĹóϴˢɾˮҲ˷ѣûϴྫʲôѧƷȻģֱڵϡ
˵ǻĮȴôأǲζеˮԴ
İ²⣬Ժȥ֤ʵûֽʵǲ㡣ҪŪƷҲ

ţҲ󹦷òȵˮϴڡһϵĹϻƵСӶˣġ͵ش˴꣬°˿ڴˣ
ž͵ʮϲʱ㡪ʱ䡣
ϳ˺ı緹ͳԻҬ˵ġǵùС»Ҭˣ۶߲֭ˮʱ򣬲Ȼ
ûΣŷԼȱʲһĶࡣ
ȱοɲУҲֻҪһζˡƶִҲԸ⽫˹ϵᵽٷְٵˡ

ʳ壡
˼š

Ϊ˳һٺõģʼʾ֭˼
ԴԽС˵οʳкˮΣʵڲлܺѪһųܲѪģҲ̫ѿˡ
ĶҪԺܵͣǶʳǾԾ󾫵ġ
ʵȡʳε;Ŀǰûа취
̽һ£ҪϽˡ
ȻȫǺȻҲ档

ˡ뵽һð취
ӷɴֿõĹͷһζֻܵζĺͷĵʱΪ⣬ȴ䱦
ĽϴɾĹעɾˮǸζĺͷȥĻ󡣵ȻҲкܴԭǣȼϿѾˣʡŵá
ĺͷûʲôζǺôζٽҬһСһСӽȥһ
ˮһͿԳˡ
ϣҬ󡢶Ķһ߰ʳʮֵΪѡ̫ˡ
ʳǲ˷ѵġ
ı۾һڡ
ţ
ζȻԤϵزڼϡðɣҪʲժĻҬʵ̫óˣŨ߲ζζһУۡ
һ룬ṇ̀Ŷǹһ͡

ӳԱֿʼ˯ˡһ뵽ǰʸָ漱Ϣʱ򰡡Ͻ֮ǰĹ滮ջҲûŹСؾŽŪ棬ļһ鲼档
ôǺ˷ѣǵҵõĴط鲼ȥϴϴá

ҲŲá
û뵽ֱʵ̫ã̺ľҪ̫ܵʪ׻ľڴǰλùһӣǿһڷָ
ԺǾѡڰɡ
ſڿǽλƽأͰط

иҪ⡣

1ݸֶ߱๦ܵʩ
ֻܴӼԼҰϣſڽԶûгݷΧĵطһӣݵøһ㣬ҳľ嵱̤
ľļܽľνպİ˸ߵļӣ鲼ڼϣͿˡڰͬţһҰˡ

ǰֹϵĶԼڵʮο
Ȼһ㣬Թˣڵ粻ᵹ㹻ˡ
һѵ֮ϲĳɾ͸ױȡ
⻶ı飬治֪ǽ˸Ƿһö

ǲ㡣
طȥ쿴ݵ̨ư壬֪ȻҪһ㣬ᡣ
ǵ£ȵȣ̫ƵĹ㲻㣡
ٿȣȻ̫ƵĹâҲġֻҪݽˮʩʣܿסĴӣǶŶǰػ԰

Ŭ˵Լ⣬ҲкõһԷ

Ҫȥ̽ڳõؿӿŽϵͳ׼緹ѡһǰ
ڵĵطպڵضıԵڳһ¶Ѩǿý˳Ծ
컨ԽԽߣܿʮ׸߶ȣԶöˣֻкһƬûоͷ
ѨĿҲؿڵĵطȴֻмʮףҲһסĿʮӵ·̣Ѿƽԭˡ

طüֱһС
пյ
С㣬˵ûûеĻһôЦġ
ûпǣͣϵСһʱ˸쳣졣

İʱټʱ䣬ʱ䶼ڰķΧصʱ컹ûڡ
ĸϽһߵŹӷڵʱſչ뵽һ⡣

չʯͷʲô·һ൱һ
ľ߲ϹķΧ
֪鱨ԺҹҲܹڰȫΧڳˡ
ûأȱصطݶʮԶλãǰصݡ
˵ҹ˵ҲûУƵĺ͹װԼи飬ҲɢһĵĹ¶
ֻǵ˻ٴҲЩµؽԼһţǽǣƴذοԼ

Լֱ˯ˣҲάſģ
ƮƮطŻҺɫˡ
Ľëϲ֪ʱմϵľӨ飬Ƶ̾˿
Ҷûԭ¼į

ڶ𴲣ľ͵õһ




12.  ĵʮ   ë̽յ׼

峿̫õĳȽȽůĹâ͸Ƥóɫξ
Ĵ˴۾ϵӳԼ޻˵̲סԼЦˡ
޹ʲôðҪǿ޾ܻȥ̫ƽܿһ
̫ˣӲʹˡߴﹾŵĶӣ׼Ū㶫ԼԱ˿϶Ͳôеûˡ

׼𴲣ƿϵıסˡ
ʲô
ƴģڰ䣬ȫëף֥ڵԲӡ
⻹ʲô

ϲزгƴ죬ͨ졣ƴѹɤļУһۣǴİСɰ
ëСɰȻܻشֻôСצӹָֽһ˫Բ۾

۽ǵ۶û͸أȴļįĸоûˡ
ëף
ĶȥԲ䣬˷ܵС
˺һϵͳ棬һ֪ͨϢһ

[ɣϲڽԼء貵Ŀʼˡ]
[ڳȡ]
[ϲȳ轱עϵͳвѯ]
۾ø̨Чһ⡣
С㣬̫ˣסϵͳС㻶С
ûע⵽ǣȵСɰͬѧҲʶ̧ͷӦ

ľٱ𴲣Ȼſڴɵؿëס¾̧СѾҸļС
ҪǶʵǶ̫ˣǾԲ붯ġ۾գ
ˣСɰɶ͵طӦڿϼҴڵˡ
ٿ಻ܶëӣοôɰè̡
˲侫ӵȥɻˡ
α?èΣʵҪʳ

֪èǳӵġ
պ԰ջӡ⵱Ȼѧ˶ԽˣͲϸˡ
֮ܶǰҪġ
Ҫǣëˣè

ĸʮֵþ
µĿչͷ֤ʮΧڶǰȫﲢûпѿչͷŲʮԶλ̽ȫı߽硣

èһ˴ţĲġðɣʵ˼һ顣
˸ð취鲼˸ڴ̶ԼϣܴСɰˡ

ĳ˿ĺ緹ٿءò˵԰߲Ʒǲζ㣬Ȼĺζ
ȻֳժʶӦҲζؾ֮һ֮סڳȥ¥³Ĳ֪óԶٱ
ݮѵֲҲˡ֮ǰҪˮ̫̫ԣ˷ѡ
û뵽ˮֲˣʵҪٵ24СʱҸĲͬӵٴνʱҲͬ
Ҳ˵Ҫǲúʩʣ´γˮ͵ˡ
ϹȻûа׳Ե͡

ҼǵèǳˮġĻԼèֱ䣬ؼǵèףյʱĵӡˮġ
ժѵʱ˳һš𣬴ŹζᣬϹ֭ըһ㣬ݶȾѵ㡣
һûľͰժĵһˡ
ĵͷԼڴẹ̀һذֻצӷڿڴԵĴ۾¶ض
ĶҪˡ
иС
ΪķɿؽѺݮժСιΪûӣľùƤ뵱ˮڳԷǾֱϹɡ

ݮݸè̵ʱ򣬶ԷһɵԼצСһҶ¶ȥ
ЦòУһųԽʾһݮè̵ܺóԵġСɰ㳢
֪СɰԼһè̾Ȼ¶˲˼صͷצ͵֡ЦĹУǿűݮ鿪Ĺ֭һûʶС
ľͿ˲ɴ۾Ҹذ졣
ɰ
ιһȥƤȥѵѡ
è¶ۣرסĵָȥ
ɣǰ
ҸƮƮˡ

è̵ʳҲûȫ꣬ǽʣµķ˹ϡ
ëףǾ͸װȼ˲࣬㻮ɡõȰӶȥӾ͵һأڴߣպҲпյء
ҲҪ̽ȱ⻹ûн
ķ¶ѨҪôյģΪ˲Ҫʣͷǵûطɴ治ɡ
֮ǰˣΣϵͦġ

ıԥû뵽ʵֱӱƵѡ
̫ûˡ
̽ݸģŵǺÿñ˸飬ĵóֻۣ̫ûˣݱϮˡ

óҽҵıԴظ̫Ƴϵ磬Ųɵط
ԴҲֻʣ51%ֶ֪ܼá̫ƲãµĶȫˡ
ɲС滹СɰĿ

ľطɴѰҵԴأߣñķķкܶȱ˵ʳκľһҪû
þĻЩļ¡
ܰƽȫͬɴĲȷΣաĲòԼǳϵ顣
ǾڴˣȻҪֱΣգıԼ
ô죿

ȫûţɵؾɥ
ʱ
ӡè̹ɵϥǣһë׵ĻϥŤС
شͷСβͼһߣ
ָУֱëߵ
Ϊëףûʲôԡ
һҧһţˡ

ǰҪǣôܻصɴ棿
С㣬˵ô죬ûʲô취ңĴͣԼϵͳ㡣ǲСɰԴѽҲһϲġ
Сһطǰչϵͳ棬Լָʾ
һЦȻеͼллС㡣
ͼҪҽ
Ҳû10ңϽһپ̫ӡ10ҽĵͼĿǰΪֹ߹·ĵطȫǺɫӰҲ˵Ĳг¼ǰɡ
ˣͼжλܡĿԿԼͷɴķλ˳ҵȥ·ˡ

̤;֮ǰЩ׼
ԼϵͳȻ¿ռ䲻šĴһг̳ȥ·̣ڷɴ졣˷ɴֿǱضҪȥɨģҪ̽һɴ
ɴӦңҲҵõĶ⡣
ȥҲҪ㶫һԷһ
һ嵥ˣСæ¼
Сǳɵصͷ
ľ֪áСӦòϵͳܸ֮ǰ˵ĻöܸṩְĲˡ

Ϊọ́Ļ鲼ľ˸
ľƴһ׶鲼̶סֱӷŽϵͳֻռһ񣬶ҵ˯ʱֱóУǳ㡣
ʳջˮ߲ˣйͷ
αܿ
ã뵽һ⡣Ҫһ¡

ĶݶЩС֦⣬¶һõЦݡ




13.  ĵʮ   ̽ɴ,ʡ


ô²ġݾЧôϵ֦˵ҲԵʹáȻûôֱԼġ
ĴһЩΪնʳʹ֦һ鵽˵棬ҹǰúãٷݡ
ڶȥ쿴ʳͲõĻȫûбĺۼھ֦ʮλãȴ˹߹ĺۼζ
ζţݵĲҲܴЧЧͲֵĴСҲйϵ
ļۣʼ̤̽ó̡

Ϊ˾ΣգѡûͳȻڻ֦ϣҲȫӦþֱܱܿЩץĻˡ
Ľ֦è̵ĲڴĿܱסԼСɰ

ﱧẹ̀ˮ̣һνʱı̤֮̽á

ҹǺģȫްûҲǡյҲѶãɵģûʵ̫Ҳ¹ꡣ
ôģһļžĮ˲ɵп
ȫȻǻ֮ľ

һ߲²ϷʲôһڵĻҪǻﻹŸıܻɥɡ
ϾĲûٶͶ֮ҲҪġƺ˹ûˡ
ЩɴҴ߲㣬һͲʲôˡĿɲʲôл˵ʥĸֻ뱣סԼȻɿֵ
ѺõԹͨȻáûУҲǿ
˵ļǵϵͳƪ龰Ҫ˵ݾǲζţϻˣֻĻû

ˣСɰ쿴ǵĿĵأɴ棡ܴ󣬶ԲԣĻûЩ⣬͵Ŀĵء
ľȰЩĿǰ޹ؽҪŵһߣʼ̽ˡӣͨҽµĽŽ档
أȳҽҹס״ӶͳͳѹߡʹļףҪǼǵף־ܵˡ
Ȼˣȴûе裬ܲˡ

èСצӰæӣźһ㡣
ǰòС̫ˣССĵذ׶䡣лл㣬Сɰ
èһɵûзӦͣļϵĹȴ˸ʮȴ

ѹҽңŵͼֱֿ⡣Һ˵ͼȻҪתתȥ·̫˷ʱˡһ߸·һ߿Ų֪ͼͻȻ뵽һ⡣
ÿ·һ䣬ͳ˦һ
ȻԤϵģͼϾȻҲӦ˼¼ո·Ǹҡ
ȵȣң
תС̽ͷȥ
ûʲôɸɾģһС䡣ҪǼĻҲط

ңҷɴͼȻҵһЩǼʵĸ߿ƼϢ͸ˡǱġϢǺҪġ
ҵˣĲ뵽һؼʮҪĹؼ
ҽһδҲûֽʵȫݻҲǣĴԽǰôˣûδ
ŵüջ25֪ʶ㣬һұõ⣬ӦǿԿԲѯġ
ĲģϸϸѲһ飬һСİ£ҵĵԣȫϢͶӰŵûѡ

Ŀɹ
ǰʱһ⣬ΧãҴһխС䣬һһͷĿͼݡ
ͼذڷһŸߴʵľܣ߸ߵ컨ǶƯõ幰͸ɫʰ쵵Ĳ˹ӵ
һ˲䣬ĻΪԼִԽȥˡ
ܿϧûС
ȻˣֻüǰС

ԹˣֻҪƣǰĳͻȫϢϷһƶ
ȻֱӶҲԣʵԼײʵǽڣҲֻ˵Ʋ
һϵ顣ȫϢͶӰֱĲ졣Ҳǣ˶溽ˣ㼼ӦҲеġ
ҪϷһˬ
ź룬Խ̫ʧˡ
һԵСĵһĵɫԼ顣

Ĳ鵽ɴͼ̹صҵĵԡӦҲǳĵ硣ĶȻˣĿǰԴȱֻܳ²ߡ
СͻȻ˳ǰ衣
ļǵ跨ʲô˼ĵһӦǱ󿴿ȷûеˣ뵽ϵͳ档

ϵͳ棬С˸ͣĳɫͼϡ
һ۾ʱһ
ͼ곤ܣ漷顣
һ֪ʲô˼
ĵһ£ֵ㲻򲻿С㣬Ҫô

Сرȥ̳ǵλá
ķ˼ףѯʡС㣬˼ǰϵͳ
С̱ŷߵȣԼ¶ˡ
ҲûᣬֱӲջ1000öңջ˿ʱ鿴ҡֱһá

һ¡ĺгɾ͸еóݮףһ£è̻С㿪˳ݮɶԡðɣʵǳݮ
ݮֱֿǰ֮ǰûǰҵıõزһ²ĵ35%ˣʤްɡ

Ĵҵķɴͼɴһĸֿ⡣ϴȥ1Ųֿ⡣
ļ¾룬ʵ2ŲֿһЩֱ2Ųֿȥˡ
ֿ⣬ķ2Ųֿ𻵳̶ȸ⣬ֿǽ̮棬ʸҳһšҺȻҲвľͷӡ

ľܣľͷӵľľ壬ԵڱһĿǰ֪һԵӵͬӦѵɷ
Ϸﾭôɣ֪ɳ桢ӪϷȻ˵óٳʶһЩġ

ڻصҪȺ
ʱȣİԼ֮ǰļƻͰռľռģľ͸Լ涨Сʱڼռľ塣
СʱһĿʼҵζƷҪΡûΣʲôʳǸơ
ܿϧ2ŲֿⲢûʳΣطҵһѻе֪ʲôһһ

˳ĵһ
[̽ˣ覴Ʒ
ԣе
ࣺ
ȼ
˵̽δ֪򣬰æʣ̽ǰ档ȻеС覴ãȫʹŶ׬]

ĶűԲλ޵ɡ
⡭Ĳɨػ
ֻɡ
İ˵̽߻ˣŵϣͿ˳ػ˳ȥ
û˷һ£ͿСֱǽȥͨת˸ּǽǣһ
ϤòϤĻС
ģȻǸɨػ˰ɣ
ܰæˡ

һ£ǰʮ̽ˡȫʼæ2Ųֿʡ
⼸װ̽˵ӷŽϵͳ
̽ȷ2Ųֿݵʱ򣬰ʣ¼ŽֿȥͿֱѡҪߣѰˡ

һ뵽⣬ĵ۾Цˡ




14.  ʮ   

Ľ̽˷ֿ⣬·ϻͨһ·ƫԶ4Ųֿ⣬ʱҹ

룬4Ųֿ⸽һ΢õԱϢ⻹ѰҵķɴͼȻҲ벻
ɴһȦȣÿһţԳе룬ЩͷƤ顣
ĽһȽϸɾķ䡣յģʲôҲûУԭõġҲȽû

ȴӽ̳Ƕһ˽ţſڶʵˡתϸ쿴

ⷿ俴ֻ20ƽ󣬿еƻ÷ĴѧᣬǺܺ֡
߿ǽһϴ豸Ա߸һ񡣾ûˡҲûС
ҲĴ˯мյϴ˯Ӳĵذ巭ȥ˯šȻ˯ҲӲ崲ҲûеذôӲ
ǰڵذ϶˯ţھˡѡ
˯ţȥῴûʲôʿѹεġôû뵽ɴϼȻᣬ϶µ㴲桢ӡͷʲôİɡ

Ȼ˯ţɴ
Сؿۿڴẹ̀ȷѾ˯ú㶼ðˡĲŪɴѲڴ
ڸڣӦûǰȫ롣
ļһ£ԼѧǺĵġ
ŵسڰȫΧ﷭ʡ

汻Ҳ
ﶼǱ˼ùģûϴ»ϴɱеϰĸҧսϵͳͻȻСʾ
ɴͼϿбעġǾҡĲ˵ŵƷӦǸϴɾġ
뵽һ㣬˳طתȥҡ

ҵλȾͷ
СעܣٵȥֻҪȥأӦû⡣Ա뷨ĳң㿴Ҳʲôϵͳ
ɸѡ
ҹ˾ЧʣӦ׬ӯ
籩Ϯһ㣬գ۹Ͱˣпƶͳͳװˣҿܶʣ֡

˰ҹ˾ĻĶϵͳջʮЦˡ
ãˡ
ĸоԼĺܿ죬ͷԷȣ̫˷˵ĺ֢߳ҵŽȣʶ˲Ծ
̫ˣƤϾ֪ôظܵһ⣬Ƥˡ
ɻʱϸ졣
ϸϸϤ˲Ķںڰžĳﲻϻ졣

СĵתͷͷñȵԶȴ;ضˣǽڡ
֣һ·ӦŶԡѵǷ˷
ڿǽƹ̽ϸɫ룬͵طӦ
ǲǽ
!

̷ӦȾܡ
һһǽޣǸ޴ýȿռµʵʵĹ׷ô֪ģ
ϱ鲼ŷɴ׹ʱײ飬ĸո߹СĲҪ
ӴΣƲȥȻ˼ҲãȫǺֱײ类һ㣬

ܵ÷ɿ죬̲סعͷ̽һۣһӴɤˡ
ֵڵ͹ⷢƽǶŷ͸ۣǰḲڱֻϸϲϸܵë
ô˵ɣⶫСٱû˲ʶ
Сǿĸû취ԼѿڱһGļСֺⶼˡ

Ĺĺƫƫٵ̫죬ѾԼļˣ˳صĴϢһҲĲ
£µǰҪô͵ܽӴ
һ뵽ܣؿ񱼣˵ʱ50׳̵ٶɡ

Ⱦһ׶ߵĹȴһ춯ҲûУֵͬһݡ
ȫ˦
ԽԽˡ
ϾǶĵĴҪԼıˣ̲סͷ
·Ĵɻ䡣


ȻıµһӣҪʶرͷֱӾ͵ҵϡҲûõȥЩԲ˵һƤġ
ʱѪע
ʹŤͷһ
ǹѵźǲĿܿһ
ĵ񾭱㣬һ㡣

ڹ˵ǶٲĵģضǰĴǣۿҪġ
ǧһ֮ʣС˳ŷ˵Ĺâʱɡ
æܡ

ֻúƵģƫƫת÷ɿ졣
Ķ֪Լô˶һӷƻصͷש˽ڵķ䡣

վҲվס˼άϴ»Ͳһҵѣš
ˡ
Ŀǽǣڵϣһӱˡ
̫ˡ
ֻһ㡣

̫̰ˡ
֪ҹΣգȻð뿪ȫΧ
һ߷ʡһҵҲ᲻񿴣ֻǾԼë׵Сɰƽ顣
èƺˣںڵѾһֱӹϡ
ëë͡

СĵסһոսǷһ㡣
ôɥȥΪëףҲҪú
ǽô죿
ڤ˼˺һ̽Ŀ˼ܶһϡ




15.  ĵʮ   ӥۼܡget!

֪ʶ305㡣
̫ˣҲ֪300ܻܲ׵ʵսܡ

Ĵ򿪼ܶһ棬ɸѡ300֪ʶµļܡĻʾɸѡŸ༼ܣֻһǿǿġ

[ӥۣ
ͣͼ
˵ãã˺һҵĿꡣڲͬ¾á۶Էʲôαװܰ۾˺ﶼһϢѼսĵһҪΨһ㲻Ǹ߶Ƚۡ
Ҫ֪ʶ㣺300]

ķˡ
ȷʵʵսӦ÷ǳáǺȻĵڴЩƫ
ҪҵǹԵļܣ˶ΣҸ͵ļҲ͵ļܣ֪ǲó
ò300һ
Ӧٻܸ֪ʶ˵

ĵԥɸѡ˹Լ֮̾ͽˡ
Ϊ֪ʶٵһҲҪ1000㡣
ú°
ļתͷͶһ[ӥ]

ƴ˵Լ
ٿһˣҲܿһ㡣ܱûкáΪΣվʾʵѰӦûǸѡ

Ȼѧ˼Ժķֱˡ
Ϊ²飬ѵϵͳϢȴ˳

[ǷҪʹüӥۣһʹʱԶ֪ͨ
ǣ֪ʶ㿪/]
ȵȣʲô˼

㵵²鿴ϵͳ˵ŷ⼼ܶһҳϷһСѡ
[üʱ֪ʶ㣬ÿ1֪ʶ㣬֪ʶ㲻Զرգʹע⡣]


ͻȻֱ̼թƭĸо
Ҳ̫ˡ
˭ԼļûҲֻԡϾϵͳûͶ߰ť

ȻѾ300֪ʶ㽫ܶһˣֱܲӱϡ
ʹΪ鼼ܣҧһ¡

ӥһ򿪣ǰһӱһ㡣
оػ磬һת塣
һеϸڣܱ۾ˡ

ղȻ쿴ҹᣬǵóĽֻⷿӦڷɴ׹ǰõġ
Ŀ˸Ϣ

ߵĴǽ΢С޲ۼӦǰƢǳ³˺ۼ
ڱú󣬺Ա޲ɵġ
޲Ĳϸζ䷿˲ܻӭߺпǱȥġ
ֻде£䷿䱻ٴʹõĿԲ󣬺ԱŻôܡ
ȥĽۡ

뵽ֱվûЩֽϴϸع۲죬
ž
ȻⴲɵİĶǰֱܵĺԱˡ
𰵸һЩԺ

֣طصĶ˳ӦĲŶԡ
Ŀ˿ͱƿһ㣬ܲĶ̽ôҲⶫܵ
ѵͶ

ĵ[ӥ]ܻڷȻӽϷΡ
ŵ·ĦķЧΪΪ˺ÿôӵĻơ
ͻȻ뵽ü
ϵͳȻȷ𰸱ϴ˸

95Я͹⽣ͣ
ԣ
ࣺ
ȼͨ
ϵͳս100000
˵һѧǧСģеָͺŵĹ⽣ǳã2Сʱʹ1ӡ
19%

ȻĺܸҪ˵ǲ۵
úõĹ⽣Ϊʲôǳģֲǵģ
һֱοԼģܱûкá

һŴİ˹⽣΢С˹⻷Ĳɵظж
Ǻܵù

ĸи꣬Ͻر[ӥ]ܡ̫ˣֱ١ڵ֪ʶֻʣ˿3㡣
ҪʹܣҪúõػ֪ʶС

ᵽ[ӥ]ܵǿ֮
һϣ;ԼͻȻϹӣǰϢȴƫƫʲô
ֱѧѧͬʱһ⣬ȡϢȫһѧⶼѧԿһ黹ûʴѾˡ
ȷʵá

300֪ʶû˷ѡһõ֮ܶҲˡ
컹кܶš뵽ӱóðѼıӺʹ棬׼˯
СɰزһèëĶ䣬ִԼߵϵͳС㡣С㡣
۾̱㷢˾೤ĺ
һ죬ʵ̫ˣҲûһߵ

Ŷ˵ʵɴû̫ĮҲ򾿾ûճ
ڶһϴڣһ߷ϸ˼⡣
̫ϲаͺҹķֱ𡣵õ̫Ϊʲôˡ
İп޹ؽҪŵһߣ͸𴲵è̷ݮѵͣŽʲôպãè̵Ĳڴʼæµһ졣

ҪҲܶࡣ
ųȥ̽ӦѾѲֿòˡҪȥɸѡԼҪʣܵװ
Ȼٿһ·ɴĵͼѰһûзֵ⡣
ϣܸЩ
Ȼֻ뿪һѡ
ȴѾݵˡ
ˣȥûгߺ͵ζϿѹΡֿûУǷɴ϶ʳãʳһС

̾ٱ
Իľӵ񣬳




16.  ĵʮ   ̽ʳá

ϸز쿴˵ͼȷʳõλã߳Ĵš
ֻΪ׹Щ𻵵˹ϮڸǸǽ壬ǽǻۡḯʴĺۼ
ǿֲƻƬֳ
ͬǣЩġ
һ͹ڻͷƤӲġ

ǺֲܿûдǸ峤̫СǿˣȹʻҪĺ¡
ӣè̴Ӳڴ̽һֻצӣشĵֱϡ
ָֻûµģСɰ첻֡Ҿ֣Ҳᱣġ

˺׳־·˵ġ
Ȼ˵ȷʵҹûϾֲϷ˭ܱ֤첻Ĺ߲СϹĳѨǿɾͿֲˡ
Ĳɵ뵽ʱܿ[ӥ]ܣ϶ͻ᲻ô¡Ϊ[ӥ]֮£Ρ

־Ӱ£Сظ·
ǰȫִ˵ͼʳõλá
ӦǷɴҪĹԵ·Ҳ׿һؿˣĿʮ׵Ŀȣɸ߷ʱڷɴԱͨ
ʳõĴŰ볨ţԴ߰㡣̶ζƷɢڵϣǹġ
Ȼ뿪[ӥ]ܣѧĻŬԼӺú˼һǺܿϧԼʱòۡ

ˡ
עǰҪ顣
ζϣгߣȻвԳԵʳѹΣǾ͸ˡ
ǻһ²ֿĹͷζĻһ£ϣûʳٿɹһ¡

ĿĿİƹѻʳôſڵβкСڿñƵĹâʳǰ
ʳǴù֣һôߵ컨廹͸¶ֵķ⣬оװŵĲ춥һ㡣
һ£ںһ߳Էͷϱ貵Ǽϧڿֻ׹Ĳк
Ҫ׹ǰԽ˵Ҵ治Ƿɴ϶ǴӴġȵȣô˵

뵽ˣֻܲһҴߡ
ЩץĻˣҲҲǷɴҴߣǲŻڲֿ⡣ʵġ
뵽ҪһΰҪʶߣɴˡһһΣ鷳ˡÿŮ񶼻ήٵġ
ùôԽֻˣĶԼ˶ʵû̫ζȡ

Сƺע⵽ĳ˼ԽɥһߣϽɹתĵע
С㣬ǡҶˣڸҴ·ǲǣ̸С㣬ȻҵλڶߵȡͿڡ
ķشȡͿڴ̲סס˱ӡȡͿڵĵֵоĶɢŻĸζ
ҲǷɴ׹ʱﻹʹãЩʳĲк
ûҵͷȥֱߡ

ȷʵ˳ߣûʽ
һĽɫ߸ߵ͵ʹССڼϣˮĻϵóĿͳ߲ߡ
Ķһ̨Ļֲ²⣬δ˵զģطƽ׹뵽ŷӦǼóʱ
һͨҷɡ
ջ36֪ʶ㣬һһ쿴ЩŹֻļԺĸԺˡΪʲôĻڳҺƿո䡭
ʳãʵҰɣ

Լߴ˵طǴ򿪵ͼȷϣԼڵĺȷʵʳˡ
δ˵ǳɶģ
棬Ҳܽʵˣֻʱʷŵһߡ

ˣǶ߰ɡ֮ǰҪܵش߶ҲŹЩֵĳߡһԺء
Ļһɵĺ⡣
ԽͬһֶѵͬһĿǰΪֹĻ֪һӶѵޡ
ṩĿɲռˡ
ǵһľܰɡ֮ǰӲֿȡĴľ壬ھóˡ

óߺľ壬пɰᶯĶͳͳװ䡣Ϊľܽһļĳߴ磬ͳһӴС
ж뱳Ҳֻľӵʽֻռһ
ıϷһ磬ëˮϷˮͷˡˮǶڽ̨İ˳ҲҪߡ

ڻȳһжָ£Ļ˳شӳĹѹε˵ζϡʳΡǡǡǡðɣδ˾ȻҲģ治⡣
Ǻܿϧûҵʽζϣ罴͡꽴ʲôġ׵УЩ֣ĳһڣǿߴǴװɡ
ֵȸߡ

뵽ɢ˸⡣ǣѾˡҲԺõ׵ӣǿף
ļǵѧʱʦ˵Ǿƣұ߿ԿɴʮإգǲǾƹʮɴ˵˼
ȻӦúĴ˼ṩһ˼·
ôûд׿ɲС
ʳ׿ħҲŴ׵¶ĻȥԼ취졣
ˣѹε㲣ƿӡԼĹ

Сʱ󣬿ſյúոµһĳЦһ¡
ܺá
ʳõĴҡˣ䶳⡣

ĦȭƵس˽ȥ
ҾȻѾտҲˡ
Ķʱܴ
Ȼ֪ЩҲѼʵģǷԼһǷǳʧ䡣

Уٵʱˡ
ֶظȥһط䶳Ҳпˡ棬һܲˡ
ſտҲļӣ룬ʵǲġȻͰ䶳ļù⽣ˡ
ûϷҴӲ䡣ܲҲҪӲ𣬾߿ա

ù⽣󣬲ɵظпδ߿Ƽֱ˿ж˲һӣ⽣ĵ͵1%ҲĲá
룬ǹ⽣ĵҪ֮ûù⽣ôˡ

ʳõջȻԤôʢõ˵ζƷҲǲˡ
ϾԳԻ˵οɱȽöࡣ
οǡ
òеֱӵһЩһӨġʯڻȤ

Ҹ롣

ҲϢˣֱĨһϵĺˮֿ⡣
ֿ̽˻ڹ
Ŀŷ֣̽ڹʱʵֻϸĻе۸
ⲻֿҵڶűعˣģǿ֢ĸ
ûǿ֢ĿˣҲ
ɸѡҲ᷽öࡣ
ľҪЩɰ̽Ҳͳͳߡ
Դ⣬һ˼·

ֻ츳ɽɽػһƬҲøٵء

룺ԽʲôǰǴȥʲôطܹҸ϶Ҳܡ
ҿĸһ̽Сˣȷ̵Ĳֿ嵥ͻȻϵͳѽ档
һŷǸĺϢ

[ϲ45֪ʶ㡣]

ʲô˼
뵽𰸵һ˲䣬ֿЦ
ԭˡ




17.  ĵʮ   ֵĶڻ̣¼ܡ

ԭһõļܶһҪǧ֪ʶ㣬һ쵽ȥ̽Ҳڶʱڻ۵֡
οĶһ[ӥ]ʹõʱҪ֪ʶ㡣û㹻֪ʶԴܶһǰз״̬

ڣĿҵ취ˡ
̽ʶƷĽʶĽҲܻӦ֪ʶ㡣
뿴ֿʮ̽ˣһõ45֪ʶ㣬ĸֿ̽˵Ļ
ļعݣĽǡ1800֪ʶ㣡
ģ콵ʲô

ļ͵ߣ̽СԹ4Ųֿ͵õ513֪ʶ㣬ԤƵûҪࡣ
Цͣ͵۵һ
СƺҲΪеˣڰзתȦȦף
ڴèҲСצӣֵġӡ

ĸ˺һ侲
ڿɻûϢʱ䣬ץˣЩû֮ǰȰҪĲִߡ
Ŀű̽Ĳֿ⣬ʶԼĴӦ޷ˡ

ЩʵĻֻҪһֿͻ֪гҲζ´εΣնȻἱߡ
һΰѾܶʴߡ
²˳٣ÿ㡣

еʱȵƽ¼飬ʼˡ
õ֪ʶĿ4ŲֿٶʡĿٵһ飬Ƚһ۾ܿҪսǸСͷ
һɸѡϣĵı˴롣ʱҲȥСʱΪģĻòͣһζ

ʮֵؽǡ
ʱҪҹˡҹײеĹûʵûðա
Ҳݵ֦ңԶԣҲĸеЩԽܡ
οѾʼƣˣҲ̫ܰҹҵ

ݳӵľϢϸϸ˼ʲô취ܼӿȡСС㣬ʲô𣿡
Сԥͣһ£Ƿϵͳȷʾһ¡
ĿСڵ[ӥ]ܿѡϣһŻȻ
ˣܡ
[ӥ]ܣǴЧʿɾȫͬˡ൱ǹڣ2G5G

ĸжֿС㼱еַϵͳ棬ܶһĳһ£ѯʵԣС㣬Ҫٶһһܣʹõ˼𣿡
ĬС´ڶ
ԼҲٶ֪ʶ㣬㹻һ¼ˡ

500µļɸѡ25ܡԥѯС㣬СȴҲûиȷĴƵģһһһһ
СҲһȷĴˡҲָ⼸óֻĴ˿̻벻ôá

ľ岻뵽һ⣬ɴ[ӥ]˼
һͼܵ߼ͼʹõģҲˡ
ôĸԼ޶ʱ䣬3֮˾ͳ׷

3ӵʱʼ
[ӥ]һ򿪣ֿ̽⻷һȦʱϢ
οɸѡ[ӥ]ܾ㹻ˡСĽӦҪѡһԼļܡ

ôļͳͳųʣ6ܡ

ΣȻµ֪ʶԴ֪ʶȻǷǳġѡļܱҪһٶõЧٲֻƷϡ

ſǵʹҪḶ́ľʱȡ

ô۳ˡ
ķɿѡ
¼ܶһɹ

[
ͣͼ
˵ǿǸٺõʵսܣһɷӲˡǿĻúöɣŮһͽеǰ谭
Ҫ֪ʶ㣺500] 

Ҫǿ[ӥ]ܣȷԼ˼Ѿӵ£ǾԲ²ôж˵Ȼһϡ
дϷ̨ʵļһﵽǿ˶Ѫ

Ķһ꼼ܣҲҵʱ䣬Ͻ
Ȼ[]˵߳ܵж磬ʵϣǸͨؽ̵ȷʹĸ֪ʶܡ
Ȼ˽СҲ󣬵ֻҪܺúѧôʹҲܵõ˵Ч
Ǿԣһ֧㣬򡱡

͵[ӥ]޿ĺáĸоԼӰһ㣬Чʿþˡ
2Ųֿ⣬3Ųֿɸѡʱһ2Сʱ·ϵʱ䡣
ĲɵظпҪִžϰҪرˡ
ҺãڴԽˣǸʵĸ廧ԼԼɻ

ڵִԶ1Ųֿʱʱʽҹ
Ĳɵһ˵ǰʵѼ
ǾͿԻؼˣ

ѾǼªݵĹĵؿ
ɴʵ̫ѹˡ
Ǳƻĺۼзɴƣƻ÷һˮ׽ʸУֿüִǴˣֻ˱ؽֹļ˴
оȶеĸ֣ܡ

׼1Ųֿ⸽ҸطϢҹ
Ҫصľ޴[ӥ]ʱͻȻסˡ
Ϊ[ӥ]ܣһ̺ޱطЧ졣

ſƺȣضǽһƽƽĻۡ
ոµģûȾһ㳾
ζʲôأ
˴Ⱦڲǰ

вɵؿһ¡
ĿܣЩץסĻַطɴˡ
Ȼڿ1ŲֿѾʶĴڣŻС֡

ڣô죿

ôԭƻ1ŲֿǾԲеġ
ǣڸֱ뿪
򴽡
ѾˣζԺɴ;Բȫˡ

Сߡ
1ŲֿʿԷֿӦҵƷûҲԼ
Ƿд⣬ܴ
˾ǿҪԼƽȵͱҪӵпԵ

Ĳûдȥȡʲô˼Ҳסֻڴ֮ڡ

С㣬԰ҿͼ𣿡ʵ
Сɢ͵ĹâķԸ򿪵ͼǰ˳עλõ̵͵λõĺ㡣
˲䣬ɴͼϳͷƤһƬ㡣

ļѵʿˮоԼһɽ
̫ˡ




18.  ĵʮ   ȡؼ

˵Ŀýܼ־֢Ҫˡ
ȻĲûС
Ҳֲܿ

ӣèë׵ͷͻȻĵĵУһĲ˲䣬ë˲޵

ûϵڷˡڰ
˵õĻᡣ

ҧûйص[ӥ]ܡҪΪһðա
Ҫҵλá
ĽķɴͼСĵرܿ˵ĺ㣬һ߻ŬѰڵλá

ˮÿգһαҪ˳ĵĶͷ޽ǵ䡣ŵڳȥãˡ
ԽǻңԽǿͼˡ

Ϊʲôû⣿ѵôһɴûлıƣⲻܡ
ûδʶҲǿ϶ġ
Ϊǻĵطض

һʲô֪û뵽ġ
Ϊ⣬Ϊ˷ֹõͼ⣬⽫λĨȥ
ɾͼҲȻвȻĵط

۾һҲŹشӵͼ˼ȥ
ˮ̵۾ۣգҲ᲻ã˷һ뱦ʱ䡣
ʲôûУʲô벻
ľһд˴𰸵ԾȴƺɣĽ٣мҪû

ʱϤϵͳ

[ˣϲӥۼܴﵽȣΪ2ɣ߼ܣٽŶ]
[ϲ100֪ʶ㡣߳ļܣض磬Ľոµ硣]

ĸɴغ̨߳ʺϵͳѵô󷽵ĽֱӹصѵΪ[ӥ]̵֮ؾʶԼ˼ä
⵱һķ䡣

һ£һӴķɴֵĵˣĻԱȴҪȥܲôⳡսӮҪ
аΪͳôɵĲ

Աضܹʱأ򵥵ķӷɴϻȡԴԴϵʣܷõĵЧ
ζţǶһ䣬Ŀһ鲼ɴĹܵ

˼ţ۾ĹâԽԽ뵽ҲԴȷԡ

Ȼڴʱÿ1֪ʶİƷĵ[ӥ]ܸﳬֵ·֡
һëȻ·֡

ɴڲҹʱᷢ춯ڰȫȻžġһ̶ִ춯
ڣ춯
һڶʵʵģһ˭

ǻͻȻþˣѪʵҺ·ܵһͷ­Ӷ̺ˡ
ô죿
ǵˣ

ʲôʱ򿿽ġĸûзֵοġ
[ӥ]ܣҲڶԷԼ˽ľŷ֤˵ĽƻͿֲ֮

ķٵش߶Լ˼
ĵ·ǾԱܲˣΪԷһŲҲŵǶԷͬҪܣĿҲûС

ʲô취һа취ġ
Ľʾ֭˼ԴС
˫Ҳһɿ㣬ҰΧʶƮ
Ȼ֮ǰ[ӥ]ļܵ߼ļã췽ЧӦҲ
Ĳ˵ڵ۾úװһ߱͸컨ͨİҶ壬ͨܵۻĺҳˡ

ַɴ谭̫࣬ߡȻҪڸߵϣ϶ܿûеϮȵȡ
İԼ˼صһ㡣
ͨڣ

[ӥ]ε£ķһ·
ǾعӰﳣֵܵͨܡ

˸ˡ
ڵó½˼·ж÷ɴ׹ʱǽѳķ϶ڻһ춥
ϲý̳ǵĽſ·
쳤ץס򿪵Ľſ˫һ㽫Լͨܵ˻ûȽϵͳա

ķԼĶҲ޷طŵİֱͬһڣȫ޷ӡ
춯Ծˡ
ԷܣҲαװԼ̤

˳ȴʱĻҳûüڸ˺ü飬ȴһ񣬼ֱո˸Ρ

ʱͷϣסһذſڹܵϡ±˷ְ㶯

˺þãڱﲻסˣŻش
һλˡ

Ļؿʼڹܵһ߲ɵظпǰǼٲعӰͼǧӶƬû׿

Ȼһ[]ܣ͵ѧУҵûϣ뵽Ҳ

Ĺ߼˳׷ΧȦ
ڿ֤һ£ո˼Ŀˡ

һᴩɴĹܵôԱʲôط򿪡
ĿǷﶼò򿪵Ļء
ﲻԡ

Ҹûе˵ķһ³ԡﻹһ鱸Դأ˳ģӦ㹻ˡ
о仰˵úã̩
֮ǰ̫ĵù£˵ͨܵҵһԶ˵ķ䣬һڷɴҹʱסҽҡ
̫Ϥˣؽؽϡ
ưҲ֪ǽڱϡ

[ˣϲ⡣]
[ϲ1֪ʶ㡣]

Ȼϵͳӵġ
ȴ²ۡ

Ϊ˿̣ǰŵȫ޷⡣

Ȼ·ϣľѾδӦþǽӰƷֻǽչʾͺŸġڡ

Ҳû뵽Լῴ˲Ļ档

һСĴڣǽϴ򿪣ƿȡͿڡ
ȻȡͿڳֵĲڵķˣһֵĽԲ

ԲҲĵİô⻬ֳƹʸС
С뽫Բطⶫһأһֻ־ò
ԣ⵽ɶ

˸ȥ

[Gͼڣٷ
ԣ
ࣺ
ȼ߼
ϵͳռۣ1000
˵ǳ׵غõ˵ĵӷܡҪ׼עⵯҩʹҪܼʹá]

Ǹö
ǼڣǼڵĵҩҪô׼˵˵ڿİоԼõľǸʵĵı
һͷˮȫ޶ë

getgetܺãǡؼ
ĳҹϮ֮ʱ߾ݵ֦⣬ͻͻͻڵĻҰϺС




19.  ĵʮ   ؼ,ȳĴġ

Ĵʱ򣬶⿪ģǺĵطеǻֵʩ˵ʲôɽ

խͻȻҫ۵Ĺâ磬֦Ҷïĸߴչǰ
ĵײɵӿһƵĺ

ؼ

ĸܡ
ĸпϣẹ̀ʹڵƵĳݣŶ÷žվ졣
˷ܵ˵ϴ˸һСķͷֱײݵǽڡ 
ʹʹʹ

ֹײǽڵͷʹ׵ǶӲĴ忩ùͷۡ
ûԷɵʱҪѻʩòСˮ׼Ĺؼڣ
ðѴӷɴõóãŵʱ԰Ҫջ֣е硭

Ȼ˺ܶ࣬һһҹû۵ȫŲסܹԼŤ˵ƣֱſ˯ˡ

೤ĺһº͵ڷﻺʡ

Сļ𣬻ûĿˣСĵλãָԱߵı
Щ͸ñȥ
ǲ֪ôأ˯ģþƲߡ
ૡ
㾹ȫһء̩֮

ʲô
͵۾յģûаڡ˫һԼգһԭΰ
֪ΪʲôȻö˶˵μһŶˣԼੲݵ˵ʲôֵΡ

~
ǡӽı㽫޹ؽҪξӵԺȥ
һƿݵţһƬдеľϲǰֲֵﶼˡ
籦ʯһƯݮ׺ïܵĹľУǰõľȻ̵һϺϣű˴Ρ
ŤͷһߣǰղµѾ˷ïһƬ֣ײԴ䡣۾Ļ棬ȻǼµܡ
뿴ļҡ

Ķʱȱˮﱧů¯ֱˬ͸ˡ

˳ǿҶԱȣ߲ȴһƬ
Ҭ˵ҶڵݻƸãѾɿݵӣصвĺҲԲˣڼϵ˿ٵǻ̵ģ˿϶ɰͰ͵˺
û߹ȥһŨŨķζ

ĸϽסӡȻһ㶼ûżɼ˾ɱεġ
ϹŻؼҸš
ͱˡ

Ķû뵽ﶼϷˣȻͷή˷ˡ֪ḯÿή͸ҶӶպá
ҶֽҲðĿϧһϱҵڹˡ

ḯҲǻ£·ϡ´߲ʲôҪԶһ㡣ζʵ̫ˡ

ܲˣζоû취˼ˡ
ƷԼ֮ǰƻȴϵͳ﷭ֽ˺һŰѱסм˼
ǰ̫ڵһ㣬˵ԶĵطȥطԺ߲ˡ
ȷϹˣݱŲ

Ŷӿû취ɻ
ο̣Ҳè̺һ鰤
ѡ˰죬ڳ۵Ƭϸժʵݮѣ˸̣ιè̡
Լ峴ζ˲զࡣͷһζѣΪʲôôóԣ
ظɵһǣֲɵҪ׷Ǿ͸ˡ

Ա㣬Ŀʼƻ
ӷɴֿõֽʣպÿó
ʱݵǽרŻֳһ򣬰뵽Ҫдֽϣͷˡ

ֻ֮ǰľ岻㣬һŴ͹ӣдֵζûСҲѲġ
ԼĴϣľѵһʱӣͷſд

һҪϾʳһ塣Ͱÿʱ䶼ֵϡ

ڶװݡѴóͷӣпɳҲҪдõΡôд̫ˡ

ǻʩ緢豸ӷɴõأҵĵѾΪ˴ľھǸտǡ
ԭҽҵĵص30%ĵǼܲסõĵʵ̫ˡϽܺ÷ûʱ͵ɵˡ

һ˼һ鲻Ծñ档Ӧľ嶼֥ˡ
Ҫ¡ʣµģ뵽ǽȥˡ
ˡʼɻŶˣûũء

ȴ򿪽̳ǿһ£ûҪũۣ߳ûʧ;ᣬֱܶһ档
ڷɴ￪[ӥ]˼ܶһӡ̡ܶһܻõġѡũߵļܡ

һ
ĶԼ֪ʶ
ڻ563㡣ʵ̫˿ˣҲˡ
̽߻ˣݻʹ[ӥ]ܣһ[]֮󣬻ôʣࡣ
[ӥ]ܵľ޶ģľԼǵȰ̽߻ȥ̽С
Ȼ´Ҫã֪ʶ㻨ˣ͵ץϹˡ





20.  ĵڶʮ   ̽Ҳ

ֻҪ̽߻Ϳ߸ɻǱԶջ֪ʶ㡣գ
뵽ʲôȥ
81̽߻˳ĴӶѵһСɽĸоԼǸĴ

ڲֿҵ91̽˵ģ10Ž1Ųֿ̽Ϊ˵ĳ֣ûȥգֻܷˡ
ǡ81Ҳܼ˰οԼ

ôҲǵˣ81еС԰̽ͼռʡ
Ψһ֮ǰǵԴȱ

Ľ̽һһţڱϼÿ̽˲ĵ
30̽˱ķŽֿ̽ʱ8Сʱƽʣֻ20%ҡ
ô˵һԴ̽˿10Сʱҡ
̽˻趨سʱ䡣Ǿ4Сʱ̽󼴿̷̡Ӧÿ޶ȵı֤ڵľǰصݴӪˡ

û51̽˵״̬
趨÷ʱ󣬾ͽǶųȥ̽ˡ
Ųӵ֪ʶĶԼոյľеǳ⡣
ֱ̫ˡٶȣܿٶһܡ

뵽Ĵ˼ܶһ档
ĿǰҪũߣ֪ʶպÿԶһһܡЩԥǣһҲʮĶ

[е
ͣͼ
˵㿴ĻеԶչʾͼԭͽṹθ죬⶯ǲ̫ܵġҪһ˫ɵ֡
Ҫ֪ʶ㣺500]

²ɶ
ĶԴĶȴ½81еСܡѧ˵ֱܰ̽ӸС֣߷չʲô;
֮Ĵ

ĶϵͳṩļܶҲЩ˽ˣܼ˵ʲô˼ҪԼʹá
һܣҪԼ˼θ졣һ͵ĿԲ
ʵʵȶһ[]ܰɡ

õ¼ܵһδչ֣һ̫ĳͷ˵ũߣ뵽ĵһ϶ǳͷ
ĵһζ֣ûϰ߽ľĵָĳͷ͸и˷񡣵һ£ŤŤĲдƷֵľ÷ǳʮ˳֡

ӦҲðɡĶǱһµĵ˰죬ԼЩȥૡ
Կ׻˵ĺãèèץõĲǺè
Ӧ˵óͷ

Ĳ߶ʮһƵĹŹֳͷ˵ء
Ȼõġ
ϲصóۣȻ¹滮Ƶĸһ翪ѳһĶءغмĿյƽһС·
ȻרҵʿܱȣҲǰֻڻƵļٰɡ

żûջ԰Ѿµӣͮͮ׺۵֦⣬ϲ켫ˡ
Ľժ£һһ
ֳ߲ʱջǻḯõģҲѡ˼ó֡ϲĶϡС˺ͻƹϡӾͻܷʢˡ
ˮԶһʱ䡣ľͶһЩݮܡ㽶һƬɳˮӳԸʹ죬Ǻεȵܡ
ϾûɶʳˮҲܽ

˵ɳԼȥˡг̵ϵļȶ
֮ǰȽ緹Ŀǰûµ߲˳죬ľñʳȶȻè̵ʳûôˡ
ľ׼֭ӡèſڹƤԵ嶼ȥˣֻצӱ֭ȾƯɫ
ÿɰСɰԱ𣿡ë׵СӣҸ۾гһˡ

ܸιëӣбëҸ𣿾ûС

ĽԱǷè̷ڴϣôҲڿɲôеʱкöû
ݵĲúҪȻҪǣҪè̴һܰʵ

һ㣬ɰ񴲡
ķѾ˼ƣþѡĴӣרŸèһŴ
ŴֳµɫܶΧãϸڶúõشĥһë̻˵è̡
ִӱ﷭ҳ޲ϣ񴲵ĳߴ˴ļס

ϲ𣿡Ľè̷ŽĵشسԼĵߣһı̫ˣϲǲǣ
èССצסĵָĺ۾Ķˡ
ıǼ⣬ؼɻ

ûת󣬱׹СɰȻߴצס

ˣԼĴ˷ܵظԼһ㴲ʴڴͷǽĲһ㡣
ôײͷˡ

Ȼڷɴϲûҵɳİ㲻٣ɴԼһģرʺˡ
оСĽݡ
ôôһġ

ɳĳһ
ˬˡ




21.  ĵڶʮһ   ҾߣΣյ׷١

ɳļľͷģĵһѧ[ľ]ǳϵĺáװķ涼õϡ

ҾȻ˵ˡ
ĴӷɴռʾľġɵذҪ¼Ҿˡ

׵һףͷڿԿֵĴϡԹεĸߵͣרԼĳߴ졣
ӻѧĶͯѧϰƹϿǽһһСɵĹӡȿԵܣҲһЩ
ΪۣͱҪĻֽšֽ滹滻ѧʲôļܣ滭չʾƽ̨
״ҲĳΣǽڵĻиġɷĲٹ10֪ʶ㣬[ӥ]ܲġ

һľһϡļҾҲǵþ󾫣ÿѡ˯ǰʱĥ
һףп϶ױȡ
һû˯ԽЩʹļ򣬾ٸһ£Ϣ
¾ǽԡҡ

ڶֻǼ򵥵ϴʵЩˡ
ˣԡԸɴٶһˮۣϴ·ҲҪ죬ڶûרŵϴۡУС
ҪɵĻԽԽˡ

ε룬ҪϵͳȫϷͺˣֻҪָһ㣬ɸ¥ƽǾͺˡ
ʵûдڱ
ĻûüΪԼص̾ͻȻһ⣬ͷһϲ֡Сɰ

Сצӿ֨ẹ̀һŻëסŬĵ·͵ʩһ㡣
Ķʱ뵽ˣȻ˸Сɰߡ
һ뵽Լܸèΰ塢ݣʲôҡεС߳ĶʱԼٸꡣ

ϣͣȥѡһЩ׳ӣȸè˸Сͻݡ
˸߲ҵȥһû˷ӣŪĺ̫СɰˣҪִ֪ǿжרġ
УüŬˡ

ˣõƬ׵귿
ʵһһ׵ӣһǽҹʱͿ԰ˮȥԡͷáһСŻϴ
ԡĵҲƬ̺ãбˮ۵һԡԱһϴ̨ˮۺʹ°·̨湹ɡ
رֵһǣϴ̨ýġ

ĶԼѧļܶر⣬ÿһϴô̽߻˶෴Щ֪ʶѧ¼ˡ
¼ѡʲôأ
أͲסعǷ졣

ˣ˯ɡ
˯ǰĽûԡٵسѻ·ˮ˯ϴ
׵·ĴԽʱģ÷ɴҵĲ˼ϴ·յ⣬ûߵװ
˵ȻԴϵͳװáȻɫǴ׵ģȴһҲࡣˮϴˮȻɾ峺ûһʡ
֪ʲôϵġ

һ˼һ˵ĴϣϵƵ磬˯

λʮԶĵϣһȺװ˿͵ĳӷǰš
һļʻˣǽδıģӷɴץ߹һεˡ

Ϊʲôûǵġͷ󺺵ҿ˶ϰƴĹŹֻԹ
٣DNA׷Ūˡ֮һˡֵɱͷ׿һ£Ǿ鷳ˡ

ġϾ͸˵ܳۡһգһʧҿ˴ЦţԼԴ¶׹⡣һοɲˡǿϧϴôɰС㡣

ҾǸŮûô򵥡ӳܣ˭Ҳûҳȫûбƻĺۼ벻ףôġ˼

ҿȴȫϡôʲôǵĵ˾ǰӷɴϴߴʵС͵ŮǵģûмЩҲᱻץס

ܾﲻԾǻǰ˴˴ʣΪʲôֻһ˶̫߼ˡץɵ㲻Ϸš
ǵҿȫôĵϣ׽ŴӷɴϴĹͷЦʲô߼ѵ㻹˵ֿܰⶼյģֻһˣ

Ҳ⣬Ҳûк͵ҿ˼۵顣͸ҲֻмļһЩ˵Լ

ˣ͵ʵ˲СͷպӪػDNA׷ھ׷СӴһ
ܰǰ˲ֿļһǴס
ֻϣⲻҪٳëˡԽǾܵĸߵʲôûеԽ𻵡

磡˯һĴϴͻȻش˸硣ӣֵǸðˣ
ûϡ
˻ᴲèӵؽл£𴲡

Ѿˡ
緹ûԣ緹ûԣϴϵĶӶǰˡϽ׼ȥ߲԰ժʵĻ
첥ֵĿɶˡ
ϣƹϣ
ܺãٷʢġ

һţһ߿ţ˲㱻ľסˡ
̽߻⣬ݵĻеŴ۵Ľâǵȴһ֧ӡ

Ŷ˷ҾȥһǸ[е]ܣҹ顣
пƻôƬĸоˡ




22.  ĵڶʮ   һҹζ[

̽߻ΪĴ˷ĳɹ
ȣĵͼ5
ѾشӵͼϿԼڵĶѨѨȻþˣһкֲܶȥ
ҵһЩкĺۼкܶණԼ̽ˡ

Ľ̽߻˷֪ʶ㣬Ȼߴλ
ĵ֪ʶ5861
ֱһҹ

ֻҪ500֪ʶ[е]ȫڻ£һ¸ļˡ
Ĵ򿪼ܶһŹѡѡ֢Ǹ۵ķա
Ժúù滮¡

Ȼһʱ֮䲻þľȰŵһˡһѡ
еĶӣȥˡ
ˣΪֹֻһƤ룬֮ǰֻһˣĻֱֻʢڹԡҲֻһס

ɲУ̫˷ȵĳԻˡ
̶֡Һֵ趨ԼչģȻ߲ͱ޶ë޶ͺƤˡ

ϸѡֵһӣ
ȻƣֻҪиãֱӾ뱭ȥƤϸĥھûٰʮ²
ĶԼĪš
ûСʱľ꣬˸ӵͲˮ
Ưɫ;ߣɢŨŨ㡣
ѾȲˡ

ͲˮĴʱõģװЩϣ֭ʲôġ
ΪϵͳװĴӷɴʣʣ¾ʮšװˮ̫˷ˡøֵȻҪڵϡ

Ư;ߣſʼ
Ϊûн͡׵ȷḻĵζϣֻܷԼĺնϣ峴Һκǳġ
ĽʢŽõûгԾ;ʮ㡣
û׷Ǻգ̫ϧˡ

Ŭػ䡣ͺûƶġڵϹϿ棬ʲô죬ɹ180ĺý͡
ԣ԰˻ƶӣǲǿԳԼ콴ͣ
һ뵽ŨζĿˮҪˡ

ĴԼ̨ƵĳӣõѾñƤѿˣɢ˴εǿζ
Ĺ˲̣һ߷ɿҵ֣һ߳ȰƤ
ƤҲøִһ˺Ƥˣɾһ㶼ûմϡ
մһΰͣҧһڡ̵죬ȴ³ֻƴſ͵¶ȡ

̫ˣʲôɶҪֻҪմΰͳԣѾϵˡ
ͣ˺Ƥû͸ͰѿõԹˡһû˷ѣָͷɾˡ

èŵζƵعֻʣƤˡᣬͷӵ
ľԼʵ̫޶ˡ
ȻèǿԳˡ

ķɿشר¨õ졣߸Ͻèױٸ߸ߣοСɰҲǹġұ֤´һ᷸ˡ
ûζè̸⣬Ȼ֮ô룬ǾͲ֪ˡ

ĻʵˮĻƹϸẹ̀ԵԲ䶼ˡ
ɰ
תר˸ӺľͷСͻè̿רŻˣĵط
ȻûڻԣԼר
ۿè滬ݣʲôüܣ

ǻкöŵȥ
ͷԼСʱֵس°Ϳẹ̀ԴҲǱҪ

ʱһļѵ̾˿Լλ˺
ӣߡ
ĸѹԼǰ˼űͻȻһء
ʲô
һͷȻǸŻè̡ĸжСɰΪҲŹлл㡣
èز˲
İϣһҶʳԼͷ˼ܶһ

˼·
һ֣ǰѿԶһļȫһԳƽϰؼʱ̾ʹá
ڶֻ֣һĿǰԱļܣ´֪ʶ㣬ȴʱʹá
ְ취ףľ˺ܾãѡڶ֡

Ľг[е]ǳ˵ļܶŬӵˡ
Ȼһܾһ˲飬ѧϰʹȴҪٹ

Ķһ[е]֮󣬲֪ǱܣҪԼֻҪеԶõеϡ
ǳʹùԺĲŷܵձøѡ
ΪЩͼֽϲֱģǵڸҪԼȥ⡣

ֱѧʱجݡ
ģֲýиͼܡľ͸

ܶһĿӲֹһ͡
ĵóۣ޿κε̾˿ֻԼˡ
֪ʶļǾԲܻķϵġ
ϷĻȼա

Ľһ̽߻ᵽϣõϺд׼õıʼǱϡȻ̽߻ĿǰĹһЩĽ롣

ȣϣܰæӦҪ޸ĳ򣬻вֻе͡еֱӸСͷܰæˣټװˮװܰæࡣ
ֵĻʱԼɡ

Σϣܰæһ衣Ҫ趼ֻһˣǾҪġƺͱȽѰˡ

ֻýڶԸȸãѵһճ̡
ȻֻҪԼĸƻȥ̽߻ˣܵõͼֽ޸ķڶֵԼȫûе߱ϰ

Ϊ˱סϡٵ̽߻ˣľñĸ쿴еˣ̽߻ˡ
Ŷˣİ̽߻˴ʱ򣬿10%ĺɫ棬Ҫ¡

ľͺ˳[е]ܵĸ£һһ˷󷢵翴ûгɹˡ
ȵȣ
ûв͡͡ú͡ðɣ֮ܶδƼķǳʲôģ
ļæұʼǱǿԵĺô
Դʯ

ļǵԼӷɴֿõΪСԴ֣ĺܹϾˡ
˿ľ䣬ĿķСӣÿָֻô
óһ򿪸ӣ澹Ȼ˿ôܻİװʢŵȴһ˵ƹôʯͷ
Դʯ

ɻؽʯͷϸؿʯͷʯһиֳεĶģûʲôرġ
Ҳûú̿ζ
ǼȻ˵ԴʯӦþˡ

Դ䣬õĿλҲζ壬ʯͷȥȻϵûһ˿϶ʲôضɵġ

ûһ˿죬Ȼδ߿Ƽ֪ɹģƵ̽߻ˡɹǾͰ˳Ŷӣ硣
צצӳڵӣֱСҪ㻨Ǯ
ɰ
һֿɰĶûе̵ֿأ;ҪΪЩ̽߻Щ顣磬װڡ

еԺҲõճ̡
Ĳ˵Ҫһϴ»
ĶһҪϴĲƷĵź




23.  ĵڶʮ   ˷

Ȼ񣬵еЩû취ֻԼˡ
ִܹ˵ΪʲôҪɽˡ
Ȼȷʵڵ¡

ȫԶϴ»ǲˣɴҲ豸ûõҲԼһӿԽ෢չôࡣ
Ҫϵͳæֻˡ
һ뵽жƬҲȲڱʼǱϼ¼Լ²ϴ»

ͲƵתͿԴﵽϴӵЧͬˮӦҲ
ܽһ£ֻҪһֻ԰ƵԲͲ֤©ˮ̫·Ͼǳɹˡ

ΪзԴʱҪǡ
֮ҪҿûԴʯ󣬲Ȼһ죬Щ꣬û취ˡ߻ʽɷʲôģ
ȽרԼǽϡطԺĵĴרðװˡ

ĽŷԼӷɴõĽ
ʱҲʱû뵽ӦѲһ£˵õһЩҵˡ
뵽뵽ɴЩݲĵˡ
ҺҵµأڻĮһĻ£ɶ㲻̫á
ԷһҲҪһ·һ㣬ҪõЩʹõˡ

˺һֽڰװϡ
Ҫʵ̫ˣ룬᲻ʱðһҪи־ͺˡ
ǿЩˣϿԽ壬˵Ҳܺƽദˡ
ǸϽصϴ»
Լпյ˼άŬ˼ǰ

ϴ»ĹͲ[]û⡣
˵ɾ͸ɣֱó˸ͰĸӿԸʵ֣ǰɰϴ»ĹͲ
һ£עͰˮ֮ϸӣƽڵŹʮҲд©ˮĺۼȷʹˡ

ǣֻͰ
Ƚϼ򵥵İ취ӣ񿾼豸һѹͲм䣬֡
ô֣֪СʱǺġ֪ԼٴΡֻŴģӦⲻ󡭡ɡ
֮ܶıŲҲٿĴʵ龫ʹ̣

ϴ»ͬʱͻȻ뵽ҲǲԭǻᶯĳִҶѡһã˳־͸Լ˸ȡ
ΪݵĿռ̫ССʱ򳣼ĵȡʵǰõĳƷ˸ι̶컨϶ѡ

ΪܰѵȰװ컨ϣĻľͷ˸ݡ
øʵĽʣΪϲҵ󣬻ðűץΣȥɴ档
ľͷͼ򵥶ˡ԰ջУѾľӡζֻҪľɣľܻԴԴϵľˡ
һ뵽ҪʡȵҶҲľͷˡȻΪ˱زԣ취ӹ̡
Ȼ[е]ṩġȻЩ֣νĻеҲûй涨һҪǽʵĹϵɡ

Ĵ˶ɹ
[е]ܡ
һ̨ϴӵϴ»ȻûִܣҪԼˮҲԤˮܣЧʮ֮
Ҳʱ䣬ɹɾˡΪ˴һŵľ׮ӣӣר·

ΪҲûдӷɴϻȡϴӼҺôԽС˵ΪṩϴӵĻ֪ʶ
ûһٱ飬ʮűҲˡ򵥡Ч
ķؽ·ҵϣ̫ЩոϴĲƷϣɢŵζ
ζ

Ψһǣˮɣĺء
ʹļ򣬷Ҫ̽߻ˡô·ĹһҪС
ж֤Ϊ裬ʲôܸɳġ

֮裬޼ޡ

ϴ·ϴԼܴѾˡ
̫һ㻺¡ѾóԶˣҲҪġ
ŴľĵЩԵĳ
ҲһЩ·ơҹ˻ţɵԽǰֵĶ
ɴеֵ豸
Ѿ۵һָҲˣֻýڰװϣȴ
ͺúϢɡ

ſڸջϵıϣè˵Сɰį˰ɡҲ档ŬһѣȡšֻҪ١
˵һ룬ı˯ˡ
ȩ̀ͷƵŲߣǺñӣߣҲ۾
ҲǲҪ˯ģΪһʱе˲ɿܵҸ⡣


ڶ죬ʱԼߵëСӣСתͷСɰ˯ģ̲ס
ʵ̫ļˡʵҲûʲôϵɡͺˣľʱ䡣

ĳһԽǰĶзæ£ֵÿһ졣
ͲЩ鷳ˣСɰȥ
ȥ~
˵Ǵ
ȵȣм




24.  ĵڶʮ   ż̽

ĴͲˮװե֭ûե֭ԭҲ룬ϴ»ʱҲһⲻó
è̵ʳҲˡֱӱһ¨ӣè̵Ҷ汸š
èǰĿڴ
Ҳûˡ·ʱҪжԾжԡΪ˸õЯẹֱ̀ѧ裬·ǰ˸ڴװ

ľϲط֣λˡ
ĶһȻˡĻһ£ûʲô
ֻϢʱԶǸλðɹõ̫Ҳ˳ֽˮԺ󻹻ǸϢ

һ£߶30CM԰ѽŹҳȥˡλҲһƴ󣬸պùĽ¨ӷ
ǰİֻһٶȵڵС̶ȡĿԿ̶ȵС֦ٶȻټӿ졣λֱ30205
Ȼһٶķǳѽ⡣ÿСʱ5ǲɢ

ĳһһٶȣԼԱһߣԼ߿㶼˦
ֵܡ
İʷŵһߣ˼ҲףαΪϸȥ濩

ŵĿɲֹĺẹ̀60̽߻ˡŰÿ60̽21Ϣְơ
Ȼ̽߻˿û˼άܾáܾ996ӻ

İԼЦˡ
ſǳ硣
20̽߻ǰ棬20Ϊ֧ӣ20Ϻ󣬺ƺƵֱһ֧ӡ
һָ߼Ű·60̽߻˾ͷֵȥͬķ̽

Ǹеһ֧ߡδè̳棬Ҳ֮ǰǴһûĿĵصġ
̽߻˵㹻ĵͼķ˲˼ĵطҪȥĽк
̽߻˷ϢڹĺۼȷѾû
ǰȫĹż羰

˴ŰСʱ·̣Ŀ˶ѨұڣͷñƵĵƹⱻض˲ֵġ
֮ǰû߶֪ԭôĵطзк
ǿ
Ѩ̫ˡ
룬ϵͳıõأзɴֿѹεĵҳһʲôֳһ豸

δƼĵƳҲִûʲôرġ˵ִĵƸι״δĵݳԲ¡˵ģһ
Ļδ˶иİáϾҲԲεġֵúܡ
ǲô״Ǻܺõġ
ĸ磬Ʊ㰴趨ĸ߶Ⱥ˵˹âûģ̫֮⣬ĵ̫÷ࡣ
ҲֻǱ˺͹ϵ

ôһ룬Ҳ֮Ժ󣬱Ͼǰ̾Ļ档
ͼʾһһƬĽк˵ı˴룬ʮ־Զˡ
΢ͷ𺳲ѡ
ĵǰâľͷĿ֮ȫǹŽĲк಻

ӦиٵĳУԻ͵ǰģֻʣɪ䡣ѨķӽккХǴధ衣
Ƭ̣ؿ

Ĳк߰һߵıĸһ㣬ľֱĵЬ档
ǻԿǰĽֵµĽ֡ȻĿԭĲʣֻϳЩָ⼣Ӧòִ

ûżȺ֮С
òػ֮ľ룬ط֣·Ȼʮ׿ҪǷִҲǸ˫ĳ·

ŵ·ߣֽеʮ룬Ҫ·նͨ롣ôӦǸͬԲṹ
һǳеĺġ

һţһ˼зǳֻзĽŲлص˲ɵӿʷĹ¶С
ȵȣǰոպƮȥʲô
һӰֻ߽ۻ˲ԫͶµӰ

鲻Խؾסǰ·
ǺХķûκγ졣Ҳڡ
Լ̲סϢȥ˺ķ֪ʶ[ӥ]ܣȻûвκε춯
Ȼֻۻ

ĸô룬ʹŵüֱƾ[]ܴƣ˽ϸߵǽ档
񾭽ؿķֽץסµǽڣ԰׵ƣԴ
ڿߵʱΪһȶˡ
Ĳʲôֲĵ˻ǹСܣΪ25̽߻ˡ

ôˡص˿ſ֣̽߻˵Ȼشľ̲ס˵Թ
Ҳǣô֮ǰû̽ҲȰοȻǽһͲˮ֭
ˬڣУζֱǾƷ
˶ʱָˡ
ͷǰĲڴèϢſ˯ûܵһ˺ų׷ɡ

ľԼӦûȡһԵļܣոĶǻճˣΪûе
̽߻˼ǰ
һ˽к

ոŹͷˣڲŷӦǽڵ˲䣬ʵ[е]ͱϡ
ȻһĿ
ԭͼֽ
˵ǽԭЧͼ

û뵽[е]ôãľһ£漴Ӧⲻ˽õ;
óʼǱͱʣ;Ľһһ¼ջϳŵĳģ

ƮļϵСһ·֮ǰ𾪣⻹ôõ




25.  ĵڶʮ   񣬳ġ

ոŹͷˣڲŷӦǽڵ˲䣬ʵ[е]ͱϡ
ȻһĿ
ԭͼֽ
˵ǽԭЧͼ

û뵽[е]ôãľһ£漴Ӧⲻ˽õ;
óʼǱͱʣ;Ľһһ¼ջϳŵĳģ

ƮļϵСһ·֮ǰ𾪣⻹ôõ

ÿ250ͷŷһյơ
ŵʱһˡ
ߵػ֪жӴĽʱعͷУ۴αȵĽȻĽֵЩڳ֮ۼ˵

ʲôŻᱻ˳ף
΢ƽ̹ĵϣȣԼͬԹŵèУʲôҲֻǷ

Ҳкһæµϰ壬ˣĺͯ·Žͨߣиɫ̵꣬Ҳ޷ʳɢŲ˵ζ
ֻʣһƬţΨзˡ

ĵǰɵֳԼԽǰĶо󣬵ڴʱĻ֮ϣʷĲɣԾȻ
ӣè۵Ľġ
عԼһ£èվСɰ˰ɡԷɡ

һ߳ſ֭һ߿èؿбԼ˻ߴ
è̺ܴԸƵȽһȻѾƤȥˣһҲۿԳԵġ
è̾ͰѰһСצŴȥȻζƷ껹֪һߵëëûʳȻּ԰ԡ
Ŀԡ
˵ȤοëСɰ

ǿûë׵ﶼûС
鲻Խ뵽һʡį
ȻܿͰЦ뷨ӵһȥˡΪֲһô˼άȥ˼Щء

Դẹ̀˵ͻȻ۽ȻӰ
һΣûпûжΨһĹŷɵҲûƶλá
Ҳ˵κӰӶжŶԡ
ĵһʱ佫èװؿڴ[ӥ]ܣʱܵԼС
ȷʵӦҪѧܣʵ̫ˡ
ǸҪǰ
Ǿʲô

۽ȷϹˣʱûеҹӦòǹôˣҲûмСԸоҲ
ŤĲȻĸоһûʵӰһζ
ıԼĲ²ŵʿˮ

[ӥ]ܿĵ·һ
һϸ΢ĺۼ¾һ֥ģҲӿԺС
˵ʵϢ̫ˣеۡ

вǻڵˣǱġ
ԣ

ӦڹȥеĴĹٷ֯ӦǸԵĻƣΪûƹ˽еĵͲַ
ԣҲ

ûʵ壬ȴڹâ֮Ρ
ԣ
ķɿغˣСĵرܿӰӡΪзǽڸ߰һطĶһۿ
ȵȣӰӵƶ켣Ҳڱܿ

ǵˣ
ɻͣƬ̣[ӥ]ϸع۲졣
㵵ط֣Էƺ֣̿ͬ׽ԲصĺܾͯС
Ӱӵײײߣ㿪ȴʱʱرŵĶؼۣ¶һ

ûж۲
ӰһȻͬƣһͣȻϡ˵Ʈǽڣ̽ͷһ㣬С¶ԼһС֡
ڷĿ˲䣬Ӱ约°㶶ֿʼܡ

ģ⡭
ʲô

[ӥ]İ£Ӱڷ˺þã··üΣղʧڹâͷĺڰС
оԼǸ񶾵ķɡ
뷨Ȼ

Ǹʲôһߣè̵ëһ
[ӥ]ӽܿúϸ
Ӱȷʵûʵ壬˺񲢲֪ԼԴ͸ʵ壬СرǽڣԲŻڳвк·
ҸĸȤǣӰӺȻ˼άģҲ
ǲζţӰҲǻŵģԽĴڣ

ĸ˲²⣬Υϵͳ֪ͨ˳
[ϲĳʼ]
[ϲϵͳ£ͿͨϵͳӦϸ̽]

ͬĵ1֪ʶ㡣
ز֪ô²
ȿ϶Ĳ²⣬Ӱǻܽһ¡ȻĶڻǵȻûʵӰӣеֵķѽ⡣
ôܽӴԻ͵ĳУ

㲻⡣
ġ¡һҲĲһЩԾ¿ǹŴ˧ĳƺҲָ˧Ĳ¡
սζŨҡ

ǣӱǼ⣬͸ոӰӵı֣ʾдϵͳ̨ʵɵѡġ
һ㣬ĺ⡣


ϵͳ˳ƺλӰһ
ʲô˼
ֻǱʾĴڣиһĺ壿
˼άתЩʹС

ĸϽص[ӥ]ܣȻӵʹϱˡҲ̷˼ЩĿǰ״޴ϵ⡣
ˮڡʱ˵ɡʱˡĿ̽˿ʼڳбԵϣŲԼѾżСʱ
ûؼˡ
Ĵӵɻݡ

صûȻѻɽ
İװ壬˲޿
̫ˣˡ

Ľè̷ŵ԰ȥ棬Լϸ˼
ܸı״

˵ƾڣΪ͵ʾ֭ԳԽԼļޡ
һ㣬ķӵΪɫ
뵽ˡ

ȰѸ̽߻˵Ĵᵽ
Ҫ֣ǳҪ
˵ʵĶ첻ɣ͵ȥӰӽ̸ˡ

ҺãʱûеѡǸѡʱ
ڲɻǿ£ľȻ˳ض̽߻˸졣

һߣǱ25Ǹ̽߻ˡ
ͼĻеֱһĸ죬Ӽ޻צӸĳָƷ
̽߻ĵָĳͷûе
ܺãǳ
ɲζ̽߻ܰˣζŻ˵Ѿܸܸɵİ˹ɹ·ջء

ڶε̽߻˵г󣬿̽߻˽ϴ»򿪣ͳϴõ·˶ϣǵҪƽ塣
жóȥסС˵֡ллллˮ𰡡
ȻûʶĻ˵еЦʵģϿҵصл꣬λӷӵļнŵ̽߻

һɫľ껨֣صؽ仨װ˱25̽߻ϡ
С̽߻˵ȻκηӦƽشԭس硣϶һɢ֭ζϻĻûκ
û

ӿ̶·ߣͨȫһ䣬Ԥõĳһ˿
гһ˿ģֹһ

ĵڶ𴲣ڴдеֲ﷢һѵ÷ſԼʱ䡣
컹û̽߻˶飬ƽʱһ㲻ͬﲻͬأ
֣Ϊʲôһ򣿡
˳ŷȥʲôҲûз֡

֭ȾɫɵɫЩۡ
ѵĽ25һÿĻ
ıԼĲ²ⶺЦˡ
пŶ




26.  ĵڶʮ   ֣չ

·ֵ˱25ŵ̽߻, ˾Ļ£ϴĹܡ
Ȼʱӻеָл䣬ҺõĶƷ, ᱻơ
ϰ˺˸򵥵ĳƺϸ, 鷳
Դͷɫľʵǲ̫, ҪûС, ܾ͵ýжʮˡ

̽߻˵ȻκηӦֻ˸ź㣬

СԺ, ĳ״Ӽнţֵغü·Ǳıͣ
һĺܲǰôܲʹϡ
û죬ֳɹ[е]ܵİ£Ľ˱1̽߻˵ĳ򣬱ɿԽгͳƺͷߡ

ĿǰҪҪǣÿ̽߻˴ݣķеõģÿ첻ӵĴϡȱĹʱƥ䡣
֮ǰ˼ӷ, Ȼ1̽߻ȴӦ֮󣬼򵥵ܵóۡ
, ĵϸͷҲ㱣סˡ

ҲһƺŸ磬εŶ, 鷳æһ¡
Դǵ߸˴ͳѧļǻһĻᾧ

Ψһı, ǽϵĴȻһһ죬һǽڶŵİװռˡ
Ȼһʱǹ̶ġ
ֻܼ취̽߻Сרҵˡ

СɰáĿë, 㻺ˡˣɻ
վŸʱһСʱҪоӷɴѼ
֮ǰżľʶˣרעճǵȴһԸ԰áһһ

ԻҪԱС
ıҪúñè̺ԼҵľģʼǸʵıо

ĵִԲ⻹δĩң[е]ȷˡ
ϵ˳ķɿŸݿ⣬ֽʼ¼
ܺá

֪ǿԱεġ
ΪӦδǼʵĲͬ塣ô˵ɴϵĲһģǻ˵̼ǡ
κʹߵĹ֣߱ĲλͲ֣򱻵ߵΣˡ
ǺϢ

ڶǣѹεʮļڣȴûжĲ䵯ҩ档ζЩڶ˵һƷˡ
һ㲻̫
һٷҩʮǧܶࡣһ뵽ڵͼϿĺ㣬ľ̲סǡ
ǲ

ҪҲĿǰѵһ֣˵⡣
Ǳ˵ġ
ҲǣᴩɴǲǷɴҵ㣬һԷֲ㡣ûκηʩ
Ȼ˶״򿪣ôȻ㱻ʹá

ʶһ㣬ͷƤҪӵˡ
ǻľĿ취ˡϵͳѵܰ㵽ɴӵĻ
ȵȣݿǷɴϵҴߡ
Ҳ

εΣ
ŸװķİҪˡ

úãŸ磬ٵһ¡ҡĻ˽ƱأŸ˵ƶǰʾ
ҲװȥģŸʾݷõġ
ǱĶԻ

[ҪúԼ]
[ġһֱҲҪúϢȻһֻһϣǽҪûҲꡣ]
ֻһЩõĴѣΪʲôŸô
ֱѵ
ͷúúã֪ˡС㣬ڱ㶼˹ˡ

С˼

ֻȹԹϢˡ
պҲЩˡ
ȥصи˻ϸ硣
ѡϡջʵ˵ͬ¨ҪˡֻҪϲѡֵ߲˾С
԰ۻ˲ӣûɸѡµȻᲥֵӣ๤ŸζţҶ

ҲɻԲɡŸ磬ôҪҪпȥ磿ֺõضűòлӦĻȰ˵
ȻûĻӦǻ˾Ÿźŵ΢˸һ¡

ݮѾˡ
ıһݮ԰ϡһè̾ˣһݮ
ţ𡣶ҸժģһĿûУʼˡ
ĳԵòֺèű߶û֡СɰҲ𣿡

İè̱ѲݮŽצϡ
èݮӴյ̫մ˲ݮҶϵˮ飬˸磬ݮצֱӽ͡
צóɻݮȥˡֱݴݮ֭ˮڿǻըŷӦ۾ʱһ񱻴һ㡣
̫ɰˣ

ļȫˡ




27.  ĵڶʮ   ϵͳ˻ϵУء

Ϣ, һоһܡ
۾ẹ̀һȻӲֿȥˡ
, ûء
̫࣬ɾˡ

͵һ, Ÿڳ硣䲻, ץʱ㡰顱
ȻǸɻ, ǲ֪Ϊʲô͵͵ɵ飬˸еȽɡ
Ŀʣµĵһӡ

[ת
״̬
˵ʵǣΪ׼
ѣûԸ, Ȼҹʵʹ޺ͳܼ޵ģƴúʹá]

Ȼ֮ǰʶܶϵͳĺ˵˵ˣΣɻһˡ
ʲô˼
˻

ôץϵͳҲٸϸˡֻŬƾԼĴ˼
ʵ֤ܲûС
ʲô˼ķ˼

˺αΪԼ
תһӵ˵
ʱ򣬳õľŸƽƶˡ
Դĸ󣬾ŸҲûɨػײǽˡ
ĵ, ذæĽ̽߻˵ж̽߻˵ж켣ռ֮ǰһ֮ࡣ

ǰĴæ̽߻, Ȼæ鲻ķ㣬԰æȻֻǵĶ

һ߰Ƥ, һ߰ϲСһӽȥĶϾӻ﷭лл, ϸ硣ϲֱôȵȣôѧ῾ģ
ĺ֪һϽ鿴ϵڲȫûʲôֵĵط˼ϰ, Լĳá

Դļܶһҳ档

[ģ£
˵㿴ļ϶ܱѧϰġȻܸ򵥴ֱЩӡ̵ļУֻҪõ͵ʦɹȻֲ弶Ҫؿһˡ
Ҫ֪ʶ㣺5000]

ȻѾһ֪ʶ㣬ǿܣ²̫֡ˡ̵ĵطҪģ¶󰡡
Ƕһܵһֱˡ

ԼҪ֪ʶܶһܶڻ˵ĳ˵ȴݵ顣
ֻܲȷЧһˡ
ĶԼǲզţ[е]İµ֮ҲûкذԺ
ڷһ

εΣ
Ÿѡ
ͬץСѧϽ˿רҵרϵĹ涨Ŀ
ˣоܡΣŶһϼܿʼ
Ÿһ߰һ

̲ס˼Ŀǰûдһ[ģ]ܡܿͺըĸо
뿴Ѫܹ֪͵ѧ˼רĸ߳һ򶼻ǵѹ׾С
Ҫ

εΣ
Ÿؽٻʵ

ʵòϣȫûԤ㡣
ʵʵİɡ
ǿԼƿܡ

Ŀǰ֪ʶ13731
´ࡣ
ˣ300㱸ãԤ10000֪ʶ㡣
Կֹ鿪ʼѡҪһļܡ

ȿǹܡ
ҲҪǵķϲʡ
[]İæԼܡֻ10ӵٷְ٣Ҳֻ10ٳ50ĵ˶ԴǾԲġ
ҪǿԼֵļܡ
[Ԫؿƣ
ͣͼ
˵Ԫ޴ڡΪȻһִڵ㣬ҲȻһԪƫ򣬶ƫԪҲ㡣ҪСǸɣǾ͵ˡ
Ҫ֪ʶ㣺5000]

Ͳ˵ʵӦþǳָоɡ𡢽ꣿ
ܵ˵ʵĸеĳǩ˿ɲһĲһһԪҲƫǾ5000֪ʶ˷ˡ
ֲɵԥ
ȴɡ
ĽȦŵһߣļ

[ɱ
ͣͼ
˵κжΪĳĹܡóĿϣܵЧͻ
Ҫ֪ʶ㣺1000]

ôôϤĶܣ֪ôﲻɸĳЩɱɱɱȵȵ;ء
ȥƽϼ򵥣Ƕʱ⼰ǿҪľԼǲҪΪԼˡ
һ

[ѧ\
ͣͼ
˵밵ͬʱڣѧſѧ㽫˾顣Сģһûб˫нƲãڽͬʱԻ١
Ҫ֪ʶ㣺3000]

ģǮһ˵˻ϵͳ
˵ҲһɥĲ
˼ȫʹʲôӵġ
Ľʾ֭⡣

ܾģǳģ
ĸվţͻȻسϢ̽߻˼巢˾
ôˣôˣŵӶˣسš
ʱ䣬ϣѵǹ

߸㡣
Ϯ




28.  ĵڶʮ   

Ҳ, ϵĶֱӰȥ
һϵͳ֪ͨŵ
[ѧ]ܶһ
[ӥ]ܿ

ƾ[]ܣ˱èһʹڳȥ, ȴϢÿһֲӰ֮¡
ҺĻ԰Ѿ㹻ʢ, 㹻εڵȻĿǰ԰ﻹûһ仨
ò, ȴ̲סпյغ˼롣ͷǺ, ˳߻䣬ȴ˲á

̽߻˵ľ졣
Ƶ쳣̽ݷ, ͨʾĵĸ켼δ죬ϸľ
ֻԵһˡ

ɴϵĵˣҲʲô֪ĸ߿Ƽ׷٣ҵҲδ֪͸ˡ
ĵķֶλڳｨ׶Σ򵥵ؽһ£ɶû׼ء

ôΣյȻҪѡܡ
ϣʤ㡣
ܡ
Ȼûֲ˵è̻԰

С׷ķ, òУƴǰ赲ζŨҵı֡
ȴȫȻˡ
˲ôˡ
ȥ
һҪ

Ŀ[ӥ], ΪڼУԴѾʼˡӲû취ص[ӥ], ĿǰΨһʹõġɿ
֡
ûп©κһ, ȴûзκεĺۼ

ǶԷ̫ǡ

̴һ˼УǸߡ
żϵӰ, ǵ

ʱܣһô
ҶԷʵ嶼ûУҪιԣԷܽһΰĳУӦ֪
ܵġ
˭֪Ҳ֮ǰǸСӰֻǺƭļء

ķɿƶ԰
˵԰ʵӺľͷΪè̴С߳ƽغﻬݡΰҡεСľѡ
Ȼ˼ªèȴһֱ治塣

ǸΰʵһֱɲóΪèֻһͷֱʹ̫ˣȫ治
Ǵʱ԰ΰ延°ڶǱһֻεˣһ㡣
Ҳ˵ΰɣͦڵġ

żֻһӰӣ԰һ㴩ΰ壬ΰ°ڶ
úǿֲƬֳ

ȴûбŵ˵ȫĶѰèˡ
[ӥ]޷Ŵ֮һС
ĵ۾ʼѪ۵һ㣬ƴسƤգ۵Ĺ򶼲˷ѡ

СԱ߽Ҫ
Ȼû취˵ࡣ
Ϊûκ˱жôʹޱƭ
ǡ

ĵȻܸ˵οߴֲܷȥӦ
ҵˣ
Ŀﻬµèˡرزװİ

ڸô죿
ʱԼոս¶һļ[ѧ]
ˣǹѧǾпӾϵĻɡҲä㡣

ȸһ£ܿͬҪ֪ʶģұ[ӥ]ţһһ֪ʶ㡣
ʹѪ
Һڻǧ֪ʶ㡣Ȼöû취

ܽᡣ
ȷʵãϢȻĻ֪⼼ιҵһ÷
ء
ĽԼڻǿĹâ֮С

֮¼Ǻڰ

ȻŽ̬Сĵؿ
ûӰӷֵ£ﻬ·Сؽèװ·ڴ
ܺã˾ͺˡ

ˡ
ĸ̧ͷȷӰӵ϶Ӱӡ
ˣ

ȵȡ
İţûüǽķӦСͱȶϴһȦӰѾرźûһ֡

ĸϽûվ
ӰӾͷűһţ޹С


ʲô
̫ˡ

ȳʲô
ӰӶɸ۾ش˿̾

ǡܵҵĵġһûʲôǻ˵𣿡ʵŷԼ˼
Է˵Ϊͬ壬˵ϰӰͶûС

ͻȻԶһļһóġ

[粨
ͣͼ
˵κԶ޷ֱ۵ص粨ڵġֻҪֵ粨ܶκһѴγϵͳԡ
֪ʶ㣺500]

Ȼ֮ǰĿȫû㻻û뵽Ȼõġ
˵оܾרЩֵĲɵһġΪʲô˵ɺϣͺ׼һ㡣

ĳ˸һ¡




29.  ĵڶʮ   ķÿ

İɻһ, һ[]ܣ־ʣ, ѯʡҶûе⡣Ҳûɡ
ӰӲػǸ뱣СһǸ, ͬƵʶ, ое̬

Ц, ˵֪ҲԭģһԺǻͨšֵѾͺܺóԵġǸ, ö˵Ļ𣿡

Ļ[]ܲôʹõʱӰشˡ
Ӱһǹһ㣬ʵʲôʲôѽ

ӰӲ˵Ǵ˵粨¶һ[]ܽ粨תΪöԡͬĵ粨ȻĶҲġ

ǷǳŴĺ
ɰ

ĵ۾ʱһ
СǸҲغʹǸ˵ĵע½ŵЩ͡ϡӦǿԳԡԵġҿǡǸëԡ

һʮëأڿɰûκεֿ˲ĿⶼͶˡҪԳԿһŶ

Ӱֹͣ˶, СŲ桢𣿡
ԳԶ𣿡ĿӰӺϰش͸ΰ壬е档
ѵ̬, ʵ᳤ʲôӣ

Ӱɵز֪ôشģֻȰѶ˳ӰӿϺ÷ڵĹʵ, ȥ, Ȼش͸ȥ
ĶʱסˣȻûʵûа취ѵģ˸еֵӰӾȻ֪顣
ôǲûеڶʵ̬
żĳ˭أ

ΪӰӻѹʱ, ӰӾȻ˵
ġ
ʪʪģˮ顣úŶʲô
֪ðŶһΡ

ľԱ߿ֻشװѵӣʲôϷ
⡭
Ŀʮӣ̲סʵǲóԶ𣿡
ʲôǳԣӰû٣ȴӲĸܵɵ

ĳֶתԼζûа취˵Ŀˡûͣûͷ˵ζȫ޷ݵĴʻ㡣

ĽͶˣűѣ̲סһţƤҲð
µһɬζƤʱѿĹ֭ҺһⱬըɳĮˮֱԡ
ĵıɲǱҸ΢Ц

ûʵӰһ˲ͻȻĽ
úóԡ
ȻڵǲǸܵõϵҸ·͸һĴڣֻǿţ㲻ɵرȾˡ

[]ܺѣǺЩ˳ؽ
ͨСӰӣ֪˱ϵͳΪǾô¡

ǲŸոյûжá
ǻûн˵ǳΪʵĴڡҲ˳˵ꡣ

Ȼݺǵݣľ˵ĵûжãֵȶġΪûеҲûνļʱߡ
лдʱζѾһǳʱˡǳеĲк뱻ʴ˼ǧꡣ

ǿǺèòֺӣľҲȷʵû˵ѡ

ֻ꣬û壬ôʵ壿һ߸ɻһ̲סԶԱ߿ֵӰʵܲһֱûаɣ
֮ǰҲûУҲûʲôӰ˵
ʲôҲûСֻаذع֡СӰӲ

ǵ˼˦Ϣһ¡ȷʵʵ壬ͻᱻﶢˡֲôɰ
԰ɣ԰ɡû壬ʵҲûʲôϵΪЩ˸ûзǡӰӺǵ˵
šСӰӵͷͬ

һ仰Ǹıԭ뷨
ÿϧкöóԵģǳԵġϲʳҲϲֻһ˳Էʱǻеįġ
ẹ̀ҲֲС
ë꣡

ĻԼ˼ֻӰѾ¶˼

Ŷ
ûʵ壬˵ѡݮݮԲˡ
ֻӰӶָɢζϺʵ̲סʿˮ
ԡ
һͷͻȻسǵԺ֮Сʹǧʱ⣬ǵֿһ˲ͻȻѿˡ

ˣ͵һ¡ٵشӱ﷭ӡ[ת]Ҳӵʵ壬ҡ
֪ΪʲôĻɵɺϸУٴӿ
ӣֱΪЩӰһ㡣

Ҳ̫˰ɡ
򴽣Ŷ񣬼Ӱ˵ҪҪԿ
Ӱ໥˿ԥ˵ܻܲȥʹһأ

ңסˡ
Ӱӵ˵ͷͬ԰𣿡
Ȼԡһ߻شһ߿ʼµķͼܡ

ȻӰǸ۲۵Сɰܳ׷
ĶһһͼܣԱסԼʮƽ׵λãźǷųһԲ״ķ֡

Ȼʵ֤ˡ
Ӱӳֵ˻档
绻ݡ
ǾһȺ׶԰СѣȸԾ˹ȫǸƭӻ߻ˡ

ǲ£ҺЩһ𣿡
Ǹѽ

ͷˡ

ʱоԼش




30.  ĵʮ   Ӱӽݣ


ϵͳΪӰǶĵſڡ
˵һȺ, ʵһҲŶʮ߸ľͱȶϴһȦСıƻССС, һʮֿɰ

ĶԿɰĶûеֿˡ
˰ɡĵϵͳṩĶ̫ɺˡתǸô죿
ЩСɰ, ܡ

˼ʱ, 㽹˸

С, ôˣĲתͷȥ
֥Ĺ͵رǳƹСâѹӢһɢ
ƺ˵ЩʲôȴǱס, ûзκһܲ׽

ú棿㵽ʲôأľ֡
ϵͳṩ˵СͷβûùַȫϵͳָƵġ
˰죬ֱ̿ϵͳĴڣչʾĿ

Ĵȥ
ֱӽת
˵𣿡Ļһԥתһ룬ӡֻҪӰʹþͺˡ

һѡҲûʲôõġ

㿴ȡӣԶλȥһ⽫ľդΧ, һȺ¶Ӱǽ̵ԿŶ
ӰǹɵͷһȺ׶԰С, ĵȵ㡣
ɰ

ȻԺǿһô໥ҽһ°ɡ, ҵֽ, ϲʳëףԼһпɰĶڴһڹӰӡ
ȻһƬĬ

ǸеޱȵΣŷӦ, ѯʵʲôɻ䣬ܺ˵Щ𣿡
ӰǼ໥֪ЩʲôƾٳһӰӻش⡣
ȶֻһӰ̵ġǣʲô֣ʲôϲ

ģʲôСѡ

ֻһؽ⣬ǽԼݡ
ȻӰ̬СĵݻǱⷿʵ̫խˡ
ĿеӰƮϵţٽһӵʱӰǻ̽߻Ƕסȥ

ʱݵĿ̨ͻȻ˳Ȼܹˡ

Ҫʩӷ𣿡߹ȥŷԭΪݸֲ˴ɫ
Ҷӡʵ֮󣬳Ϊ˷ϱˡ

ֱ˯ͷ
˷ܵز쿴ѡ

[̨

ѡ1.ռ䣻2.ܣ3.]

ģʲôֵѡ
ռ䣬๦ѡ⣬ʲôɱX
ܺĵεѡ뿴Ǹʲôݡ
ϵͳ
[ϲΣԺ]
[ʱ仹裺47:59:59]

ģһ£

ֻǺ棬û뵽Ȼֱɹ
Ŀǿռ䣬Ҳǹܣôѡȫûôΰ
ôô

Դ˻ǣ֪ԼٴδˡԽǰɻǺܿ׵İԱ
ѵƵطнbuff

ĺܲԼǸֻԭȵԭα¶ˡʵˣȫ޷
üΣĲǿžɥѹȥ

ûϵݿռʧܣбѡҪûе
ƴذοԼ
Լһӡʼ

ΪתԼעϽóֽʻͼһѯӰӺ̽߻ǡ
ǴԺҪסĵطŶҪʲôأˣҪһңʱһϿΣǾͿԸԼȡֿ

֣ǺҪĶ𣿡Ӱڰʡ
ǰǱҪĶЦЦŽͼ̯ڵذϣ˿
Ļ涨ÿһӰӶҪԼʲôԡ
̽߻ˡȻҲһͬʵǲûǿҲҪϾгǿֻиľŸϡ

Ӱȫ֪ô˵ӲǺ۶۳Ĭʮӡ
޿κεЭðɣðɡšҪĵĵطʱԸŶ
ӰǲشֻɵһȺСѼӣߡ

̽߻˵ľŸ϶Լ
Ÿ磺ṹزҪ֧š⣬̽߻ʱû¥ݵĻܣҪƽ·
ϣ

ֱͷǷǳõĽ顣
Ÿǿṩ˵Ķġ
ڰѳ¶ſڡȻ²û֮ţܾʽ
ĻѴӷɴʳõĳ߰ڳ˳о¸ôáȻǻ˵ϸܰδƼ
Ϳġ

ǰ֮ǰӰָյĻá
ãǳͼ

ݵߣҲֱϣһľΪķӡ
ȻΪ˽ʵõϣΪЭһĵط
ӵһ¥Ϊҡԡң¥Ϊ֣һֹӰʹãһֹ̽߻ʹá
ĵ˶䵽һ䵥ķӣǼ֮ķֳխķ䳲108䡣

ǣʲôӰӯһԾĵļŵĲϣܵ̽߻ϡ
ڽǵļҡЦеػش
ʲôӰǺѯʡ
鲻ԽһòŻޱȵػش
ۺʱԻȥĵط

ӰƶǶصͷ

Ϸһǧ׺ȵĵؿǣһƽĻĮ֮С
һͣ
׶DNA׷ɻ֣ʾʲôûС
ֻ𣿡ͷ󺺵ҿ˱ضŵһȭøһζ
ҲǶ㵽ȥˡײ²
ҿĨһԼͷҲ侲⸽˵һˣһ϶ûСףҾӦǻ˰ɡ
һλܣȷʵƽ̹ոձϹƵġò׷ʧʵƵس̾һ

һµĳߣЩŵػȥ
һ߾ӣһߺЦؿС㣬ǱҸʲô𣿹ЦġһϵͳܣѵܱԼŶ
µĳʱزҶ




31.  ĵʮһ   ȡȡ

Ȼ췿Ҫֻһ, ǾԵð
룬췿ֻе£ʺĻ˺ϸ񲻺ϸˡȻų, ǵ͵

ӰӵΧһ˶ʮ̽߻ˡ֣ϵľԼ
ʵĽԼú岻һݿ, Ȼ̽߻Լѡ
ڻǲƫõ, ĻþŸæһС
һ, žô˵еǻԼеġӦû

ȽȤǣþŸһ, û뵽ȡҲǾź̫֡ˡ

ֶ׽͸һЦȫؿʼ¹

Ĺϲģѳ˵Ĺʵͨͨӹ档
Ȼʵĵϵͳǲḯõģڱûôռš
Ȼɷɴľϲݣȡʵ̫ˡͱķˡ

ɺɣбƬըãˮɹĸɵòֺ
Ĳ˵Źﹾ˷ŵɢζĹľ̲סеҸ, Ҹˡ

ǣôˣӰǿԵģ, ѯʡ
͵طӦŲ𣿡
ʲôӰǺطʡ

ˣӰûʵ, ҲͲ
Ŀϧ, ô飬ȴ˿Էź
ʱ, ĵĽűͻȻܵһĵͷȥζè̡
ƴȶǲ״ζһ۾ˡʮܵӡ

СɰѽĸϽè̱һ鿴
ݮһҺʯ͸ϲɫ˱ǡ
һ߽Сһľ׽衣
һ裬ζ͸Ũˣ£ӱȳԵһ㣬̲סͣ
ĺèһͬҸıֱǴһģ̳һ
Ӱ鲻Խظֿ죬ƮУˢˢؿðĹӡ

۵ʱ򿴵ôһȺƮƮһôˣҲ뿴𣿿ԽһҰѹӷҾͶܿˡ

ӰǳĬãһૡſ
Ǹڴĵƴؼȡ֣ʼѿˡ

ķǳʱ䣬ӵҪϸĻֱǿμϢ
Ͽ廹һδˡ
Ÿش
εΣ
[ʼһ]

ͼƱ硣ǾŸ磬ûء
Ÿ˸źŵƣİǰһĻеؽӹľӣĹ

Ÿڶû۾ľǾԼǱصˡ
᣺Ȼ֪ûԸһ˵ǾŸĳ̵εġ£

СѧĹԹԵ뿪˺üһξһǹӡ

Ÿ绹ûзӦȴһľĵС
סˡ
ǡʲô˼

Ÿٵ˸źŵƣٵƽϵǰ
̽߻ʵѾЩͬˡ

ŸҪ㣬װĸĸÿһǶãҲġɨػߣƶͰΡ

Ҫ¡ջʵżæҪʡϸǱ¨ӵżޣ˽Żǹǰ⡣ĽԴϻһƯɫ

߶Ȳ࣬ȴѾǧĻԣȻвһԣȴĪظһڵضŸС

һԿŵĺһŻعȵȣȵȣڸʲô
ȫǵԼӹֻᵼ³ͻĳ򰡡

˳ĬͨɾŸ˵
[ϱʾڻûѧܣҪʾڹʵĳȲٵȥҽ㽫Ӻ󣬼ʾ]

ľһ¡
ϿʰݵļܶѧģôܻѧֻҪͿԵĹ
ǳĬû˵ֻǰصߣڵʾһ㡣

Ȼһִǲɵؾһɱ۸УȹҪöࡣ
ʲôûеĻǣȻӵЩı

ϵͷһǡлл㡣

Ĺ˲䱩ǿϵ̫ƸһȦȼ

ĸܵһȣתͷȥȴʲôҲûз֣̫֡Ƶĳ𣿡




32.  ĵʮ   뱻ߡ


仰Ҳһλ

ȻĿˡ
ȥ, δӰ񣬾ǰ

ĻĮֵ, ڲͬޱȵѤá
деɭ, ̺Ļ, ϷſɰõĶ, ι۵οǣڶ˵Ի͵Ĺ

Ҫ࣬Ҳࡣ
ֻһƽƽɳ
ֻǰ̩𳯰ݵ˶˳ƺ

ϵ΢Цŵ, ȴ˸

̩֮ΥǼԭģġ
Ҿܾ
Ҳ̫
ȥҶѾ˵ˡˣҵϵǻе塢֮ģҡǴڣǾͿԴڡֲ˵ġڣɡ

仰ڹ

ﶼ졣

, Ÿ磬ҲŲˣ̫û, ΪʲôͻȻṵ́ľһ£Ӳֿٷһ̫滻һ¡

ʮСĬĬȥһ±滻̫ƣǸ, 㱳ڹˡ
˵̫ƣ

, ԾŸ˵Ÿ磬֮ǰˣ̫ҲӦְơŸԱְࡣһһ̫Ƶ豸ֻ, ое㲻Ծ
[Ҫϵͳû㹻ˮ¶ȱ仯ǡ]
ŸĻشʾһ롣

ľˬشӱͳΥˮˮ
ӰҲȿֺطԡ¶Ȼ仯Ŷȴʱ򣬾ͻúŶ
Ǹоõȶȣֵʡ
šǵȼգȻҶɴ󣬻ɺġ˵Щѽ⡣
һ¡ݴžǿӷ˵ĸоɡȤĸо
ȼ˵Ӧòܰɡһ˵Ǳ
Ӱӻѧ޴Ƿ

ôҲж𣿡ĸϽѹԼõԤУѯʡ
ʲôӰĵıϣﻬˣ
ǺʱεơԺȵһʱᱻΪ졣Ľϡ
ҲеġܱúӲѴ͸ġˣȥ·Ŷ˺þãǲҵӰָָһЦ

ĿǸΪţССһŵӰӡûżĵһӰӡ
εЦЦŰֲ㡣
ӰӶøˣֱҪģˣȼˡһԵ𣿿ɡһ㶼ģһ㶼𡣡

ģСɰ㳬ġ

úúáĲġӡģұ֤
Ӱӽƶһ£ԼȫؽӰӵı󣬲Ƶطлл
Цѡ

ڵõǸ鱨ĺ;Ÿϵͳ
ȻʪյĻ˾òિǺܰġҪѩˡ
ѩ̵ĶǲġĴԽǰסڳ겻ѩϷÿ궬춼ȥѩء
ûҲҪϣ

[Ҫ㹻ˮ]

˼һ£һˮȻˮˮԴΪϵͳĻ
ˮĹҲ̽߻ˡĸǵĻеֱϼһεЧԱھĲ̬
һϲͬ̽߻˿ˣı乤Ӧԡ
ȫûӦܿɾǻѿ

ˮĹҪ졣ÿ̽߻ˣŰҪһ¡Ŀ˿Ÿ̽߻ŰоԼֱǰʱҡ
ÿɳʮ̽߻˳ȥ̽ͼռݣĻ˿ڼϢȻżЩ飬ôҲһ
ҪĹԽԽ࣬ЩϢʱҲܱ֤

Ҫ֪ڵʱʹ޵ľǹӰ಻ʱҡ
ȻǲᷴĻˣǾѰ

Ÿ磬ʱıˡ룬˵ͼ̽Ҫȼ½ÿֻҪɳʮȥͺˡҾһ°ɡ

ľͰ̽߻ǷΪ顣

һ飬Ÿϣĵ֧Ԯ顣ʱίҪľˡ
ڶ飬2ŵ10̽߻ˣһŸԱְˮ
飬11ŵ31̽߻ˣһʮԱмϸԭ251š
ͬҲǽʮŵ̽߻ˡСְеͼ̽
Ϊ61ŵ71̽߻ˣһʮʣʮΪĳԱְзӵĽ칤̡ÿҲᶨʱȥæ

ǾôΪһڰ嵱ʾ뻻ҲԸŶܺ˵ֱӺ;Ÿ˵ҲŶ
ǰŵ̽߻ӣȫ尲š

εԳˣˣ֪Ӻ񾭲
̲ס

ССӰǱҲԹԵһߣһȫĽ⡣һӰӱŴڵǰ棬ѯʵأ
ǡѵҲҪ𣿡ӱǼ⣬е㲻˼ʡ

԰ҲҪΪú档һӰô˵ˣʣµӰӾȻҲĬĬƮ˹һڴĸо

ĺһŷӦоǵûСѧԼĽСѧĽҵĸоɡ
ȻܴҲᵽĽԼȴûеĸо
иİֵȻܺá
ǡ

Ϊѵûʵ壬һĹ
ӰǶʱֵôͷɥһƻôӰӣԲĹĵıһҲ©һڻ˵һ̲biu̾
군ˣôɰ

ҧŬ˼һ¡

Ӱûʵ壬ǿԹ۲졣
Ǿһȥ̽ͼСû̽߻ôרҵ޷ȫռݣͺʵѾϴǧ꣬Ȼ˽ĵòһ
Ҳֻǰ׷ѹ
ȻӰһʱˣ׷Ǹƭֻ֡ҪƭһᱻҴġ
Ŀɲ̫ϲ

ȵȣ۲̽һá
ĵĿպ䵽̽߻Щĥı߽ǡ
ʵϣ̽߻ûұܡʱҲû뵽ʲô⣬̽߻ѧֹ֮ͣ
ϾԾָ
κһﶼûнǵİȫΪġ
ںˡ

뵽ЦŶӰ˵һǳҪĹҪǡ
Ӱһ˾񣬸裬һƮ

֣µذе
ǱЩ̽ߣڻûѧαԼܴҸȥ˭ˣܰæֹǼǷ𣿡

Ӱ¶صͷȻҲʮشӦˡ
Ȼ˵һȺ׶԰СǺ֤

Ȼ˽ǣЩһŵǧ𣬴Ӳڡ




33.  ĵʮ   о㡭


̽߻˵ķѾˡ
ĿʼרעԼĹ˵ʵ, ͸רҵ̽߻ȣĵʵǲģҲˡ
˵Ŀǰɻ˵, ĲǸţӰӲ, ǻʵϰ, ʵģʵϰڡ

Һõ, ĻԼĹ
Ǿδͼ

Ͼɾǵļ԰ˡĶƽޱȵľŸ磬¶Ӱ˵
Ķ̽߻˵ķְ๤ƣӰҲԼְȥæ̽߻ˡ
Ȼȫ, ÿγĸʮûйɡͳӰȥʣ¶ʮһڼˣϷ

ΪǶһЩƮҲʩԹͷ糵гﻬݡɶԼҲϲĿ
û㽫ϰʮˣĶԲΪ˵ĿԼϲáϲôɵ֡

ۣú档ӰǱֵʮֻȸԾһҲĸе־ͬϵĿľˡǣǼ԰ЩĶ𣿡
ֹֹ԰ǸĴŶ԰ϲĶŽȥŶĿĵرȻǰҪǹķӵƷ, СС

ǹʲôӰûͣȴֳ˲èĸо
ǺʳϣһҲܳ۵ζ̲סһ¿ˮ
뿴, СɰǣһǷǳȤġ

ֻ, ĺӰǾͬʱ̾ǿϧ

ȥһ[ת]״, ϶Ϣ
Ȼ²[ת]ܾӰǵڵģûʮİգʵǲӰȥԡ
Ͼڵĸо׶԰԰, һҪСǸС

ۣڰˣŶӰè̵Ľǵè׽Ϸ
˭ҪǱè̴ҪһȥץˡΪèģÿζӰֳΪһѭ
治塣
è̿Ҳܸ˵ӡ

һĽһŬ޸Լͼֽ׼ΪģһԼĿеλü԰
εΣ
ðɣεʱ䵽Ϊֹ

ĽȲ10%ͼֽɺãŸһ
֮ǰоʱ˼ԼΪɴҴߣҲпܽĻֻΪԼ涨Ĺʱ䳤޶ûгԹ
Ϳʼøַ

С˵һɣһǵѪ
óþƾСԼָһȻûµ֡Ȼ˿ͣԼ˺Լ
룬˭δƼѪȫӣǸûӡһս˿ڸȾǷսԱ

ֱڶַɡ
ִһָơ
ʮֱָ˸顣ԣҲô򵥵İ취

ͷۡ
ʲô
ĶδƼһ֪ȵȣһ֪ͼֽϡ

[е]ҵ˿ķҾΣҲȡѵˡ[е]ļֻܱڵһδʱԶ
ͬڵһεʱͽϼ¼ͻˡ
Ҳȥİ취Ļûҵ

ҺãþŸæϼ¼ҵطϡ
ϣ£ȻԲı仯ͼ·
·ĴûпдĳֹɵУǶţѣС

Ļ˻Դ۾ϣָ˳·̽ȥ׷ݵնᵽԴͷһ΢΢ȥСԲӡ
Ļ

Ϊ⣬ʮּ򵥱ݣʺΪսиķ
Ľָ˽ȥȻԲӡԼָơ

ֻաһ죬ѩһڻˣ˳ĵָơֱʿսֵλȫ

ľؿԼеֱ۵֡ŶδƼֱǵӰ˧ըˡ

ı⡣ã淢Ƶʵ֮Ρ
ǰֱ۱ָĲںһ𣬶˱ָӳ30cmңҲٱָ״Ϊ˷ŴҶ״
ǱΪˣڰбȻ˼£ƿɼ⽣ķ̶ȡ
һԡ
ҳһ20cmĽ壬߾ԼֽͿȥɴرи룬оһ˿谭˳ޱȡ

ȫװ̽߻˻еֱϣҲ׺ܶࡣ
ļ顣
иĽ20cmӣףҲ50CM仯Ҷ׵иûͣ͸С
иĽ壬ӦҲи

ʱĲŷӦӦӲȵ⡣
ҶиӲȣжܿ˷ҪѰҲͬӲȲŶԡ
Ÿ磬Ҽ¼һ̬Ŀͼֽ

9̬Ҷɽ˫ìɹ֣ȱж̡ܡѻ֣н֮
Ļһʱ䣬б̬ԹԲ˵ʮַġ
ȱĵҩ޵ģķǳƵؾ˼

󣬾Ÿܽᡣ
[ǳǿȱһƷ]
[ҩǳ㡣]

ڵڶۣһۡ
[ǣľ׼ǡ]
Ĺÿľ֪۰Ϊ̫ۣûз־Ÿ绰Ӧ˸еԾĸı䡣

Ϊ˵ǰеĺӶȫµġ
ĵӱԵûֱȴ˵еߴ򷨸š
һߡ
ۣۣۣܡֿʼϰˣ
ӰǺŷܣ£ĳϷ

Ϸһڡ
ĴӱԵӱԵһ㡣ţֽǾԿóˡ

ҷˡĿʼתо̽߻װľ׼ȿɱҪǿˡ
ӦôݣٷС
ھŸİоνĻ⿪װص̽߻ϡȻΪ˱֤ȫҪԴҵĳһЩҪĸĽ

Ǳߣǽߡ
дұлЦеظװʮ̽߻˰䷢¡
ʵɹˡ
ŻµĻ˻ӣ뿴ǳ˧

ڰæջʵ
[԰]˿ɿɵӡ
һ뵽ɿȵȲƷ̲סˮŸ빤ջɿɣӦʳᵽǰͷ

ϴɿɹʵʱ򣬳๤һӰӾʧƮ˻
ӰͻȻӴðĴ󺰡ǣСˣǳذ
˵5̽߻ˣ̽ŵط¶ϸ




34.  ĵʮ   ĺʷ

ֹͣ𣿡ļȵ׷ʡ
԰, ǷˣϾֹˡͻˡȻ㡣
ӰӴͷβһ
˺ܴĶԵ̽ȡѨԵˡˤȥ, ܴܴʯͷպˡ
лл㡣Ŀһ£Ȼûֻǲ̫㡣

, , Ѿ, Ҫˡͨ籨ŵӰ˵
ӣһ£ŷӦ΢Цְܰ÷꺮, Ǽͣӵ
̫ˣΪϲǸ̵ĳĶ³¯С˻ȸԾ
ݣǵԺ󿴵ǣ᲻

뵽һ룬Ͻ˼˻ǻȥ5̽ߵɡ
ѾͻˡǣӰǴ
ˣˣļææس˳ȥ, ֶһ·ˮҲ˲ˡ

5̽߻˵״ӰûҪ⡣Ǹ, ֱܵ˻ԵĴ
˴룬¶渴ӵ·, Ľ, Ϊ˱źŵ쳣ط˸ţ״ж಻á
Ÿ磬ôˣøľŸѾ˳ļ顣

ŸźŵƷǳ˸һ, һ֣صʾ
[Ĺؼˡ]

Ķ̽߻оҳĽǰѾ̽߻ǶôҪĴˡ
Ǿ൱Ĳִԡ

[ȻⲢǲܿ˷ġ]

ƿŪκˡ
ʲôʱ򣬾ŸҲôӵˣ
ôҲ˵н취ɡ
׹̾˵Ÿ磬ʲô취

[֣һࡣΪ˼̳й飬ͨӼݵµ滻Сڶ]
Ķˡһѡ൱ڻֻʱҰæڴ档ӷɴϲûõӼ豸
ôڶأ

[̨Ŀǰаʮ̨õ̽߻ˣȱһ̨Ӱǵܽȡ]

Ÿ磬˵ʲôɵĵԲ۾ôܷ

̽߻˵źŵһ˲翨סһˡ

ҪĶ̫ˡ
ΪǮ˽ѧˮƽߵ˽ѧУ
ΪԼϲרҵѡ˸ϸĸϲõġ
ΪԽòִƽ
ʵ̫ˡ

ȻѡΪʲôҪѡ
ðɣɣ棬Ǵ
ĲԸκһһȻû˼άȴȻе̽߻ˡ

ġȣǸϵġˡ

ԣ벻Ҫ׷ǣҲ벻ҪԼŸ硣Ȼûǣ˵ⷬǶôɿЦ

¶ĻϣǿҵģʵʵأҪͬడ

ɴӼ𣿡ľסԼӣԾؽŵ

[еġ]
Ÿش÷ǳ̡
ĺݺݵһ
Ľ֮ڣǷҴڵĵһ㣬ҵ

ãǾȥɴ档Ĺϵ˾

˵˵ܼ򵥣ִȴһ⡣
룬ֻҪʱ̽߻ǳ綼Σգ𻵵Ŀܡÿ֮˼޸İ취
ľȥɴ棬ҪռϴκԵʹ豸Էһ

һ׼ǰϵͳڿա
Ϊˣĺ;ŸƷ֮ǰĹ飬̽߻ټȽһֿ
ֿҲ㽨ġ
ʳƷҪ䶳ر档ԲֿҪһרŻֳﵽЧ
ľҪﱣ档ҲǳʪܡȻҲ֮ǰҪϵͳĻġ
豸ҲҪűعɡһõʱ͵ÿˡ

ȻֻǸֿ⣬Ҫɲ١
ĺŬɸһЩĿǰôҪġյͼȻҪ78̽߻ȫϹɹ̡

Ҳûš׼úܡ
ҪŵҪ嵥Ҫ©ɴӦвҪѰҵʣϤɴͼͽṹѰʱѵ·߹滮ܵķBȻиҪģǾαԼ

Ķоó֮ǰʮ̽߻ˡڸһ˼ĿǰԼ
װǱĵһҪ

ھŸİ£һЩ׼̽߻˷ӣʹ
ˡ

һʼĴǸɴȫϾ׺Ľ嶼пӲCOSһ»Ӧûʲô⡣
Ǻܿ죬ľԼͷ

ɾڽתƵֿʱֵĹ⽣
Ĵӷɴҵġԭ㣬ˡзҵֱӽ

һ¶ԱȣʮֳԾ
ڹ⽣ǰֱɿ򣬸޵ֿ
ζţ׵Ŀˡ

Ҳ򹥻⽣⽣ʹõõͿԽǵȴо˵ġ
⽣ĵĵúܿ죬ʲôֻҪÿһ1%Ҳ˵Ĺ⽣Ҳֻʹ1Сʱ40ӡ
⽣ÿһιԹǿΪ׼ġ
⽣һ¾ĵ5%ĵԶ̹һĵ12%~15%ĵ

¼ͻȻоиƺʺϹ⽣Ǿǡ̵ޡֱֻϸһ³߻ŵǱ߾͵þ͡
ֲù⽣ܱô࣬ȴı׼䱸

⻹ô㣿Ƶ̾һ
ûʲôȫ֮ߡ
ҲǣôĽ취ӦҲ벻ϾǸͨˡ
ʵʵ һõļܡ

̴򿪼ܶһ棬ԡ
εΣ
ȵȣŸ磬˼һ£һ¡λߡ

[ǣѾСʱˡϢʱˡ]
ô𣿡ľ㵵ؿһʱ䣬ѾСʱûȹˮˣֲøоɵҪð̡
Ҫͷ˼·ȥϢһ£϶Լ˼ˡ
Ŭ˵Ÿ硣Ÿ磬ҪӳٰСʱͰСʱ20ҲСϾͺˡ

Ÿͣһ£ʾ
[СѾСʱûвˮֺʳˣɨʾ״Ѿ½ȫֵ¡ԣС]
ǾŸ磬ѵоݣȫ޷

Ľתһߵϣϣһ¾ͺáҺ;Ÿ˵˵
ϴһڴżεϡ
ȫûͣ٣еֱּۣһѽĴλϱȥ½õĲ

ֱڲǰһڵʳĻûлع
ȵȣոշʲô
Ϊʲô⻥úеģֻ걻װ˻е֮С

ĵһοʼԼ֮ǰЩ²⡣
ӷɴҵ˷ǳ˵Ķ

ͷβעŵĹ㣺ǰɣⶼû뵽Լԭ?¼ĺʷӰϡ




35.  ĵʮ   ֵĲתɡ

һãȻԼ˼֮, òűʳѡʶѰζͷ
ýִ˿һЩͽˮɫİ˿㽶һ, ˿һ, ǽһŴ֬ϵľ, 籬ըĴζ, ղܡ

ٶķգһʳҲñɨһɶ
ˡ
˰ο
鷳Ҳȳ˷˵ɡ

Ľʹû, ֱƲһֻӰһ㣬öˡԵչĹģؿںθģůˡ
ԱˡĽϵʳһɨգ˵˷ˣ궼еһڡ

ûʵӰǵȻܽʳƮӸĳԶýζֱǿֳԲʱʱɰð

ۣ쳤ǡ
˳ˡꡯĺȤŶꡯ
ɫıŶŶ, ϱǳԵˣ, Ͽӣ

СǸʲôʵеòСֵĲ·һ¶ĳԷһ㡣
ð

ĳԵñ, Ӳ˺üȦ, ˵Ϣһɹˣ, Ƥɵسȥ
ҲɢǸΡ

˯ѵľԼ˶޻һģҪڻڱˣ𴲡
Ÿ绹û𴲣Իһ°ɡ
ڱȥ糿ʣͻȻڱһë׵С⻹˵

漴ͷҲȻè̡ȴȻǾϲСɰôѽ
è̺һ̱ڴϣֻǸԲһСβڰУСҡһ¡
ɡɰը

ֳֻ°ͣè̵βҡεķȣԼԴҲҡһСҡֳ
εΡ
ǾŸ磡
ƵƿӴӴʲôûӦ𡣡ã
̫ˣֱԴײûǽˡǿǳʹġŵñ۾
ţôʹ
ŸĬĬؽסĺ׵Ļеֱ˻ȥ

۾һµظǽڡͺӲΪʲôײϲأ
һԵĹ㣺ʷּһ

ʵϣΪ֤δǿʢʷĹûǸ㶯ָǼ𶯲ѵߣȵĺʷȻൽҪڴ治

ʳַðࡢ⽡ÿˮҪˡ
ʳʳʲôʮΪʲôӰǣһǸžŸһġ
üСӰӾ͸һ㹾ڴҹʱʱ̨һײһ𣬲µĹ仯
Ȥ

ĿһھŸĬע£ԹԵ˴
һϴһߺӰĸոյĻ⡣
ʳǷǳһʳŶһסڡʲô֣ʳһʼԻûʳζǿҡǿζѵĳС
ʲôӰǾŸĴַʡ

ͻȻоԼûбÿεʦ˲䱻Ȧ˵ԥСһ˵ˣӵܡԺ󱻲𴩵Ļ̫ˡ
ҡԺúýǰɡ
֮ǰһҪú׼

ûиϣô죿
ֵǣĺܿʹӼܶһҵ˲Ĵ𰸡

[ѧ
ͣ
˵һʦǧȷĵ·ǲɻȱҪڡǽ̵һȫµûô򵥡ʹܣҲҪŶ
Ҫ֪ʶ㣺300]

Ϊʲôɺϵ˾ֵֹģɣֱ컳ϵͳδԼģΪϵġ
ôܡ
Цһ°εԼſ³Եƻɵ͡˳һᣬʲժµĳե֭
ڿᰮʳ˵ֱǳޡ
̲סմζָҲ򡣡óԡ
һԵźŵ˸Ƶĵض¡

ζвдζֲɵ뵽Ŀ뵽һ꣬ھҪ޳ˡ
ȵȣǣôˮΪʲôԼأ
˲˾񡣹Ȼкöء

ȻõĿǰҪĻ
ֿ⽨ˣҪˡ׼ʵǰͲסȷԼ嵥ϵ׼֮󣬣ҪԤʱ

ڱγжܽһж׼򡪡͵͡
͵ͣܲⲻ⣬ܲвСô죿жܶ죬ͷӲսҲʡ
ΪˣúϤһ[ѧ]ܣܾܱ˵ѡ

ԷһĻһ¼ܣֱ[][׼]һ
ǣӰ˷ܵؽкĵ˼
ϴôĸǿԴ档βַ֪ʲôȤ£

һ߲²⣬һ뵽ҪӰӳſ԰æ飬ǽǴȥ᲻̫Σա
ȻԴȻ⣬Ļߵ÷ɿ죬˳˹ȥ
ǡ[ת]

̽
Ȼ²[ת]רΪûʵӰ׼ģûκ£޷֤յЧΡ
ӰǶ̫ˣ壬
ҪǸ

ȺɵСɰǻ᲻СĴ[ת]ܵ÷ɿ죬ƴغסǡҪҶ
ָоžʦڿѹС˽ѧɡֲɤɳƱΪʦְҵɫǲа

ǣûҶŶӰǶԹԵΧդ⣬ѧ̽߻˵ɫʮ룬ʦͨѧᰴСߵС
ֱǿ֢ĸ

ĿһĻһûá
ˣӰȿֺ档ǣǣ쿴ڷ⣡

⣿
Ķ[ת]˰졣
Ѿڳ״̬ˣĻͷ֦Ҷï֦Ϲҳ˺üȭͷôİɫʵ
ǳ֮⣬գۼΣûпκһâ
Ͻʵ֮ľϹ[]ˡѾ2[]óϢȻٵĿ

[תĹʵ
״̬׹
˵ǹʵɳؼʱڣʲôͻرʲô˵ڴɡ
עҪһ]

ע˲ɵػֲ̿
ҪһܽڣζʲôǻӰʵǣǽӰΪɡ
ֻ뵽ߵĿԣ;ñëȻ
ǧ򲻿Կ֪𣿳˵ԡ籣Աһ㣬ȺС׻׻գ˳вһԼŶƻԼĻҾҪ

Ӱʵ֪˵ʲô˼ǿôı飬̲סͬƵʶֱĹ㳡ֳ
ӰӶصͷش߶ɲˡ֪ˡǡ
ĿȥˣЦŰãֻҪǲƻԼҾ;Բġ
𣿡ӰǼֱʡ
Ȼ̿

̫úˡֻ˵ţʵɰ
ıȵĸβ¶ġ
һҪǡ
Ҫ

ڵ״̬ʵ޵аɡ
뵽˴ɵЦ




36.  ĵʮ   ӰӵĽ顭

Ŀǰȫ׼֮, ĳˡ
3[]װè̵¨Լϰȫͷ
Ϊһ[]ʱ߿ɴﵽ60ÿСʱٶ, еΣհ

ĺֹ׼˰ȫͷ׼ƳȫĻеס
ʧ, û뵽ø, ˽ͨȫװá
ü, 䱸ϻе֮[]ʱټɲҲܰѼ˦ȥ
Ȼ˵ĿԸСΪ׿Һ, ؼʱ̻

ܺãܸ߿Ƽĸо

׼Ĵһӣ[]˲ַ۵糸ĸо
[]Χʮ̽߻ؾš
ʮǱĸװ³ıߡ

ĻһȦʱԼݼˡ
ӣǰ¨èҲΪƵģؽл
˵èڵ¨ӣĿкܶ໰ġ

ϴδè̳žһڴʵ̫ίèˡ
ξ;׼һƵС, רŸèá
[]λϻر˹̶ã¼ɲʲôġ

ʳ׼ḛ̀ԵҶ, ĻʱӸˮģèϲߡ
׼ȫ˰ɡ

ڰֿʼˡĺû԰ͷ̽￴ֵӰ, ǵһԼֵӰӡӡ
, 㲻ºڰܳԵ𣿡ĹⶺŪ
°ΪҪʵſ԰ɡûпԳԵĲ֡ӻһ㣬ֱֱˡ

ŶЦſ, ֲɵŤͷԼԶԶģƮĩβıȥ˵ǸƻӰӡ
Աȵģһλˡ
ááÿ¡ӻᱻԵ𣿡ƻӰӽŵһֱͣһϣһšȻһš
ɰ

ѡҪӰʱģһλСɰˡϾСһ紵ݶͻµòС
ҲľҪġԼһӰ͵͵ġ
㺦µĻΪʲôҪأĲѯʡ

СӰӶøˣƴҡͷһԡ
ΪʲôҪˡ
Ƶ̾˿Ŷ˵ӣ鷳ҿһŶ
šİɡ룬˵Ϊ˱ұڰܳԵΪ˵ҺӵһŻᵼµİɡҾ͸һ¡
𣿡ĳԾӰΪǻۣɵطʡ

԰ӵӰֻǶݵ˼һ£ʹظĵԼֵüĵһ֡ɡ㲻˵𣿵һϣǿԼ̳к͹õġ
ۣðҲҪһ֪Ҫȡʲô֡úŶϾˡÿÿζġ
Ӱػأȫûж롣

ˣһ㶡


ؿڲ֪ôأͻӿůıǼⲻɵظеһ⡣
ʹͷɢҵĳסԼı顣
ãƵ
šð

ǹһˣ̫ˡ

һͬŵӰһʮһȱ߶һǸСӰӡ
ʣµʮӰӣԼľѡγġ

ĸϴӰӵӴҲҶƶҲԶ֮ѰһĿǰְλǳ򡣸ϱ߽Զ鹤
޶ȵرĺ͵ϡ
ҲȽ

ʣӰǽػרż鱣ûг𻵡
УҪĽάޣⱣͺŵĻ֮ǰһ˻ǿת
ʮӰ໥ְ࣬ҲиϢʱ䡣

ǸСɰ
ҡҡܸʲôأľµУӲͷƤŲĵߣӵѯʡ
ȻǸСɰ
룬˵ܲܰһèһ˻į
СƻӰ֣صصͷõġ֪ˡҡһŬġ

һƮȥһ߻ϸԼľССģŴˡҿԵģҿԵġŶ
Ҳ̫ɰˡ

Ŀߣǿẹ̀סЦĳ嶯ؿķչ

СƻӰһ㣬Բһ࣬ӵǽϣøˡ

è̺ƶܸȤ˶СӣζȻʾѺõذһݮСצӹ˹ȥ
~СƻӰӸպһ̾ͣˡԼСֲ֣Ŭزѵè̹ݮ
Ȼᴩ͸

ȵȡ
ûд͸

ĵɴ۾СƻӰӾȻݮûгԣֹè̵Աߡ
Ͱ͵˵㡢԰ɡҡҳԲ˶ֻֻҪ㲻Ҿ͡ͺˡ

ڲףΪʲôӰӵرС
ȻôӰΨһ۳ʵġԵһμʱŻûд͸ǽܡ

ӰΪ壬ڽġ
ĵصóۡ

СɰΪʲôһҪֲɵغ档
è̺СƻӰͬʱͷġ
ıȵסһ£һ˵ʵĻ˵̫Σ˰ɡΪʲôһҪҳأ

СƻӰӳ׽סˡ
˵ˡķӦյطʡӦֱӽҴġѺŵġ

Ľʾ֭ΰʱ򣬳ȥıߺӰǻˡ
һͨӰƮڱϹڵһعġе¿εСѧ
Ц˵ӭ

֣ȫ޹˼ɵֱӰԼͷ̽Ūè̵ʱ򣬲ŷӲúʯͷһСƻӰӡۣúӲŶôģ
СƻӰӱò˼ػӦûûʲôġ
ĺġҶ䡣
СƻӰӱӲ壬˪ڻˡԲĹĵʱָQñĿ桢𣿡
Ȼͻûþˡ

Ĳһ
һԼ촽ǸԼ붼˵ˡҪǰСƻӰǿ޵ĻĲ֪ôˡ

ż˰ɡСƻӰӣ͵˵Ļ
԰ôôġֵʡ
ٺٺ١ΪܶҲɡԺͦص
šҲʶɰСԴϧ͸˹ȥ

Ļûü̾ͻȻغСո˵ˡѾܿˣǸİɫĶ
䣬̧ͷܿɴǸ߸ľβˡ
ˡ

ˣһӲҪ

ȱ棬Χûзֵ˵ĺۼĽ̵
˵ֺٺЦţλø˱߻ˡ˵ɡҪְࡣ
ЦؾͲӦýְˡ˵Ǵ

תΪ߻ǰʾĿ
ллĵлŵͷϸ

3ûзֵˡ
һ
ǵ˵ĳӡѾˡ
ζŰղĹɣ˽ھͻٴɴ档
˺üĭŰѿ־ѹȥ

üӿٶˡ




37.  ĵʮ   ѼʣӼ

ڳǰ, ľѾϴλõķɴͼھŸİ£жԡ
ʵ, ǾŸøһЩ
ϾŸܿɿ

ǿǵŸΪװ̫฽жȽϻ, ǾŸڼؼҳ
ΪŸĸҲ˼, Ͼػ벻ˡ
ΪϢʱ, ĻΪ֡

ˡһжҪ԰ȫΪһҪ塣
ãӰػش
ǻӳĬúܡ
İһЩСɰ

ѹʱ̡
ĴŷС飬ڷɴٴ˰֣оͲһ
֮ǰΪ˼Чʱ, ͷͺ 
ȫõġ

ǻеֱȫ·жռɺװ䣬ȫһáֻҪںɵؽ뱳С

жԣһص㡣
ңҲӼڵĵط
һ뵽ԼϾܰαȥ̲ס˷Ǵ˵еӼ߿Ƽ
߹սǣʱɵˡ

ȻڴԽһ棬֪ɴѾǸˡ
ûһ, ʶĺ塣

ԶµʵʵʯĲ, ֪Ҫڳһʲôźá
֮ǰĶڷɴõĺػȫǷɴǰѾ׹١
ܹתƼڴӼҲ׹ٵǰء

һԼֱ, ʹŽ
ô죿
ԭļƻӸϱƷˡ
ûӼ, Ժе̽߻ˣп

Ĳ̫ĵָӰ⸽Ѳ飬ִű߻Ƿһѷ档һĻеﶼʰ, һһ[]ˡ
ûӼֻһ֪ν[]
Ȼ[е]ص[]ͼϣ˵ǷɹӵĹؼȫ˼

ǸЩЦĽҲϱߡ
ŸͺˣҲµİ취
ĳ̾һԼԴһ£һµġԴǱͻʵŪûجج֪˼

治˼
뷨һðıƴԼԴֹ
ŵһӰӺͱ߻˶ɵˣϽס
ǣôˣ𣿡æʡ
ûСľɥػش

оԼʧܡ
ֻѡ

㿴ɵġ˶٣˵񣬺ѲСĵһ
̲סЦˡôķ⻬Ľգ̫ȥԺҪӳɡ
ܴ֮ˡšȷʵѵˡӣǸô죿

ʼ˼һ㣬ԴĲֶҵضˡеˮ˵طڵĸо
һ֪ʵ̫Ϊˡ
ĸϽͣˣˡӣҪôһͺˡ
ظسһҵ嶼йúͱֽһ㣬ػָñ֮ǰһ㡣

ӣǲǴһ㡣ĳԾȥȻĴȸոնָĿȡ
ҮҪȥҫ˸߲ҵعȥӰˡ

ĳɹתƻ⣬̲סһȻԼ͹ɵˣû뵽ЩӰӱɵˡ
ĿǰӰӵĽ򻹸вֻͬ˸ͷ̾ʹסˡȻȤڲЩ߰ʱ
Ӽô죿

ֻоͷۣȫ벻취
ʱܻص棬Ҳ޷ڴ˵̫á
ֻ޿κѡıг̣ܵضռ豸
ɴĿģûʵ֡ջ޷е̫Ŀġ

Ϊ[]ҲǺСɣֱͨˡԼר˼
ʱĲŷ[]λеôġоΪ״׼ġ
Լ˼òð취ɴϵͳһ
ϵͳרΪ׼ģô˵Ҳǰ״Ľ취
ĵ㿪ϵͳ棬ÿһͼ궼㿪̳ǡӲֿ⡢ֲȵȡ

ĵɴ۾ֲĽ档֮ļӵȻ˵ǰԭٵӾȻ״ָ̬ѿ״̬ˡ
ζ[ʳ][װ]һγ
[ʳ]һߣ[װ]ƷĶĲڸ̽߻ˡ췿ӡʲôĹߣԹ䡣
ŶеĿñͬѧҲ[װ]

ĸϽ֮ǰȰӻա
֮ǰ̫ɵˡˣҲӦʣµĲֻգſóܲȡҺûϵͳæѡ

˵֡
ִ˴ϵͳС㣬֮ǰһˣͨϵͳһ㣬һͣǰ
ĻСƺܾûرľٶˣЩеůɰһľٶ
Ǵʲôʱʼأ
ͻȻ벻ˡ




38.  ĵʮ   л𶼽µġ

һ߻, һҽҵλøȥǵٵӣҽҵ⡣

ɵ飬ʵҲ˼
֪ʷ, Ůһߵ򣬴˷ٵİûĴ, Ҳûϵͳ, ȫ޷Ϊο˷Щѵġ
ȻЩѳɽ˲ŵ֮, ֻһˡŮ䲼ķ֮Ψһһ˵Ļйء

˺̩ϵĹǴֲеκδڵǻ, ̩Զ뾳

ʱԷǻ״̬Ҫɹнˡ

ǰ̩еķִΪġ
Ȼ˼ıȴһݡװžıģһƬк
еŮֻǰģ¶ޱȼįı顣ᣬȴȺޣ˿þѹ
Ǳûһ㡣

ܹĹ, ֪ȥٴˣԲкеÿһ˶ô
1281.
ݮѡ

Ůǡ
ʧȥսǡ
⡣

ԽԽҽҵ, ʮָӡ
Ҳڻ԰æϴһ̵ֻ, ŮҲ¸˺ۡ

ô
ٵһ˺۵Ȼ޹ؽҪĺ¡
ıʷؼĲأ

ʧȥ䰮뱣һ, ųΪŮ
Ǽʹʷı䣬ȻΪǸҡӢηİ̩֮أ
Ǹ浽ǷŮȫͬˡ

ô

С, ǳԴ𣿡һ¹ͣԼͷĹ㣬òӦ¶еɥı顣
ʵ̫ٶˡΧʲô仯ֵʱ̫һ㡣
С~С~
Ĳ䷳ضŪŪȥôҲϷŹ

Ϊ˻ԴѾνġȻԥебˡ
˶ˡ̫ˣСո˯𣿡Ц㡣
ʱļõһԾ˼¡ʮֿɰ
Ŀ鲻Խ¶һޱȵ΢Ц

ճյؼ¼һ˲Ĺâ
ûбġ

֪ΪʲôͻȻеһؿڣе㴭ܡ
ôˣǡƮһĲѯʵǲǶӶˣ
ĿЦáôѽ

пܶӶµġ
ЦòС
һϣҲָ˾

ˣֱӳȥ̫ΣˡĲ֪ôԼĪҵڻصĶѨ
ȻڵĻغ޴Ĵ治ٷڶΡ

ȥɡйҲһ߬ȭ㼡ƣĵشƱ
ȻôһźںӰӣϸֲ֫ɡ
ĻǸоˣ̿úúã

һ·˳ȥ
ӣСĵ㡣ļæں׷
áתΪŵǰʽ񶯻ƬĳèЦǰ󷭡
һȺСɰ

ڼҲûţǼʣµıռͻδѼʡ
ռʣȾŸĻҪõöࡣΪкܶطȻͼϱעŵʵѾǸˡ
Ӽ
ݶû¡

̲סƵ̾˿
ΪʲôƫƫӼڵλأ
תһ룬ɴβ½ģǸ⡣ŸǿɶںصĲֿء
û˾ŸǣԼһ˸ô;ÿ¡ǵɡ

Ҫٶ༸̽߻˾ͺˡ
ˣ1Ųֿ̽߻˻ûлա
Ϊʲôûлţ

Ŭػ䣬ʱһĺڹ⡰ݡһµĵǰˣˣǣɴкö࣬ôľŸ硣
Ÿ磿˼кܴĻе壿
ˣ

˲ӻج״̬ѹȫˡ

ˣûл1Ųֿ̽߻˾Ϊ˵ˡ
Ȼ뵽ʱ᷵طɴ棬Ҳû뵽Լϵô׼ȷ

ĶԼʲôµԤɶɶ
ҲӦҪϾͼϺܶ䶼ѾˡɵģȻǵ˸ɵġ
û뵽Ĵɡ

ҺãǰŸͰӦԷ
ķŵָ1ŷ彵Ӱǿʼ鳷˵ķˣûʵ壬ҲҪСĲҪ֡

Ȼĵ֪ʶˮƽ֪ʲôסʵĴڣϾԽǰǻ
δҲʲô˽ĸ߿Ƽһ㡣

ֻȥпܻʧȥеκһѾʼ絶ˡ
Ҳɡ
ǡ
Ľ߬סԼǰҪϢһ㼱ٵشϢ

ʧȥ




39.  ĵʮ   ꣬Ӽơ

㲻𣿡СƻӰӲΡΡƮԱ, ӵطʡ

ļٵĺƽŬؼһ΢Цǡûµġ̫ˣе㺦¡

ô, ҲẦ𣿡СƻӰһһؿ嶶Qùһ, ɰýҧһڡ
ȻᰡıЦˡˡҺܱ, ʲôҪҲáֻһ, ϶еġ

СƻӰȴ֣µش
ҵ֮󣬼꣬ҿʱ򶼸о̫ˡһǳġ

ꣿ̣
ʲô˼
ͷԡ
ҲⰡ

Ĳɵǰ, һӰΧ[ת]̾ӡǵʱô˵أ
ڷ⡣
Ȼûп

ѵӰӿӽǣǲͬģ
ˣӰӸûг۾٣ԴӸϾǲͬġ

ллĪرˡ
Ӱв˼С
ʮСɰ

ͻȻĸоԼֱһë׵ĴСͷһԭè̡
è̼ĵֱۣë绤һġ
ﻹһСɰ
Сɰʲôʱѽĵɤغ

ӡè̺öƵģɵ
, Ҳһء
Сĵؿһè̵β
ⴥ, ֱҸðݡ

ˣ˼ܵ·Ԥ, ˻طɴʳǽ鱨ݻ, Ǿ͵һʱ䳷ˡ
ȻռȲŵһ룬ûʲôóɵġ

һسˡ
Ϊǿ԰͵Ļе͸ûӰӡĳ˵ǰʱ顣

ĵ˵ʳõʱ, һˡ
ӣǺÿ졣̲ס佱
ǣˣȫеˡǻͱˡ񽹼شʳÿտߴĿռﶼЩˡ
зôˣľ㵵

ǻһ£ڵͼϿĺ㡣
ȷʵܴЧϾڻĮһֻ࣬Ҫÿһξһ֧Ϳ

Ҫǵܽɴͺˡ̾ˡ
ϴܴӵ˵İΧѳɹһ󹦳ϵͳͼע˵ڵλáһҲԹˡǵͼһƬƽ˾Լڵĺ㡣

λõļֻڷɴڲ
Ϊʲôƣ
˵ϵͳС˵Ҳûôɺϣֵơ
޷⡣Ҳ޿κΡ

Ͼֲϵͳô
ҧгݵ롣

ǣ᲻ɣ˺ð취Ϊ汻Χˣôջɵġ
ѵñṩ˺ý飬ĲòԼ˼©治ᡣ

˼·ϵ⣬мֺ֧⡣
Ҫͽ
ʱġ

ղУӦĻһ
ҼǵռСˡķһ鱳˸죬б߻˵Ļеֱװھ򶷡

û뵽İ취Ǵӵߡ

ΪڻصʱھˮĺϤȻӲڱ߻˶װҺ򣬿ھϸһǿ
ڵû

Ĵ˵֮ǰӼٴʼھͨΪ˷ֹ˷ͨ׷һ̨߻˸Ϻӡ

ˣǣҾǿʲôڷɴˡΪһ׵ˣ˵һһҪץסҾòҪˡ˵
Ȼеоˡ

ռʵģӦõһʱĳɴǵ˲ûôɢɴзռݡ
ζŵ˵ĿľҪץɴˡ
һǷɴװ˽źɴ鱨˵ˡ

ɴԺǾԲˡ
ռӦҲûʲôرҪٻˡ
ֻǿϧûܰӼȥ

Ҳֻ취ˡ

ĸô룬߶ǻ˵϶ǻǰһӼĳߵġһҪǣǵֶ֣ȫóԡ

ĵ˵ҲܳԵǰ
ڲʱ
ĵע˸ؼһϡ

ʲôá
Ŭ˼óһۡ

Ӽ׹ǰѾ˴ˣǾ˵ϻӼ

۾һ
ȴһ˲䰵ȥ

Ӽڵ˵ĻܲǺûҲû𰡡
ٴҲڻΪԼܴ˵ĻذӼܺ
Բȥġ

ԡɡ




40.  ĵʮ   ģ

, ĻҪѡ
ȻЧʺܿ죬ǵĺĵҲ֮ĺ;Ÿ統õĴͲˡ
һ鱸õءŻܳһֳ硣ڿñƵ£Ŭؿֽʼĺʹ֮Ĳࡣ, ɴԶˣ

ԶһǧˡǣɡԴѧ, ͸취ҫ
ͱһǧ, һǧͲ֪ôˡһӰӽҴ
һǧ񲻸ʾط
һԵСƻӰӺĽغצӼ⡣úŶһǧˡҡֻʮ

桤԰ͯܵļӸС

, ˡпһ̴ҵġ𳳼ˣ𣿡ĸϽǰȰܡ˳㰴ϰ߻룬, Զ

һƽĻĮϣûκڣûнӵĶһۿʮ⡣οи߿Ƽӳֵδˡ
Ҿķнͨߡľ룬һžܵˣûɴӵ͵͵ܵЧ

ǴҵĵĿǰƽֻʣ25%ھǰ75%ˡǾ50%ĵȫھǰ2
õؿôٳһε硣125%ĵǰ5֮ǰľ룬Ҳ7
̫ˡ
Ŷ⻹ûĵء
ĺè̿ɶҪ, ҪûǴ鷳

ϸ˼˸ְ취ֻһѽ⡣, ͣһ¡
ǣô𣿡汣Ƿʡ
ǡˡ, ϳˡ[], ŤŤָ, ؽڣͳԼСӿʼɻ

ӰǳԾȥΧۡǣΪʲôôСĲӣ
Ȼǣע㶼ô֡

ͣһģСӸչʾһȦʵߡΪҵ񱣻һװڿˡ
СӣĿִĶȻųƽƽֻڶ֣ʵϣʲôڡ
ôֵأǾǸ˵Ĺˡ
˷ŻȥˤһӣöɵˡɳȥСֱӴ͸˷Ľ塣
ŸѵҹǸ˵Ĺ¡
ȻҲ޺ˡֻʹ˱׷ˡŸϽʹáΪ϶ǵġ
ĵԣ淸ĸʵ֪

ΪԷˣĽл˶սˣֳʵġҲè̵ȥɡ
СƻӰӻӣֶ
ʱûĺܲ㡣˵ΪҲʵɣµĻèһ𣬺Ҹ㿴
è̵Ӷӱ̱㱻ҺǣܵرȻг͸ס
һΣһλָ
СƻӰӹԹԵؽȥè档

ĽӸĳɱģʽſʼɻ
ûʵӰǸ𺰼͡
ǣͣǣͣ

ķ
֮ٴβ롣
һǧࡣ
٣
񲻻һǧϡĽһǧһӰӽȥӰӼһҲǧϰɡ

һǧ٣٣һ٣ʮ
һ㣬ԼһȻ250סٶȣʮһ£ҲҪ40졣
ʲôֲ£

ǻܰɡץˡ
ǣ˭ӰȫΪʲô
ЦȴǱЦˡ

ȻȥܡǲǰͶ
Ҳ40졣õҲ֧ôá
һ£֧Ÿ10졣

ǣǡ֣Բԣڸѧ֪ʶ˷ܵòУھָĽüͷĵش󺰡
ԡεؿЦ
ĵı顣иӰ˵
˵ӰҲиԸֵĻͣҲлԹɫ͡

𣿡ȫ˽Ի
šҿÿ¶ʱ򣬽Ŷ̾ŶӰظƽü塣ֻǱ䰵ſó

ԣҲʱ

Ǹǿʲôӵأ̲ס
ʲôӵģӰ㿴ңҿ㣬֪ô˵
СƻӰ

ġǱԵë׵ġè̵ëһŶܿɰֻеĸо

ԵǸʲôӣ
ĸˡ

Ŷˣڲ˼Щ߰µʱ
ıһ²֮ǰĳҲνӲˡ˼

һǲ̫ܡ
ķ򣬲ǰǼھأ
ֻҪڵĵ¶ѨͺˡȻӶѨȥҲȫ

ӣ鷳һΡЦŰС
ȻðӦ꣬£ðͷһ¸ղŵĻ⡣
ǣ̫Ŷġ

ĸˡ
̫ʲô




41.  ĵʮһ   Σ

ˡļ, һ
ǣʮ֮һʣµġڷɻı߻ϡʣµڵĺ𣿡

ĺʹĸչʾԼ, Ƥĥˣ׵
, òҡʹʲôоڶӰӺش˹

ʮǵΧۡ
񻹴ֵĵ, ȻǴ͸, ľȻĸо
Լ͸˺ܲģСƻӰϾӰֻ֮ġ
СƻӰͷεø˹Ƶ, 嶼ŨŨһСţôҲϿ

ЦˣԼַŹȥҪ𣿿Ŷ
桢𣿡СƻӰԥ˺þãצӼһģһɿ˻ȥȵġ
ȵģǵȻȺİ졣񲻽ȥȻ͸һһΣ̲ס֡ʲôо

ȵġСƻӰѾþȫȥˣȴǸ˴ҵĺġ
߻Ƕúһ, ϵĶ˺üġ
о԰ĶһŲιۡĻЦŸһµӰӽ͹˼, ͻȻоԾ

˵оԾʱ, ߻ѾһλԲεı, ĻС
СƻӰ׿£عסẹ̀ﻹͰ͵ذšûûϵ, ҡһᱣġ
è̶һ١

漴ԵĹ㶯
Ϊоˡ
ͼȶĳͬ

ˣԼûʵ壬͸ȥ̽ĵĶ߼Сǣˣ
ˣĵһʱ仹ΪԼ㲻λԵʡ
漴˵

ˣ쵰Ȼʹá
ףҲ롭
һζϡﻩ̮ǸײǺôһ
֮ǰΪ˽ͨȫһҺףǵñײҲɡ
ô㱣£ͷκˡ

¡ŶģϽʱСĵ㣬ҪǷˡ
šܲػ֣ȥˡ

ñ֣߻̴һӡ̽ͷȥѱýʵʵҺ֮ǰ׼

ǣһĺܿ졣
ӣжĸϽѯʡ
ϵֻмװɡ˶٣˵ǣǣҾ滹Ƚϰȫöˡ

ȻҲ뵽ˣ϶׷ӣѾǶѨ𣿡
šߣܵŶ붼˵ȷķΪطӰǵĴӪʵϤˡ

Ǿͼڰɡ˾ǰ;Ÿƶõжԭ򡣾ԲͻǴӵ»ؼҡҲȽϰȫ
ǻɡЩӵ˵

ûϵľûСҪ
ϴεһ棬˵ûпͱץˣʵЩӰ
ʱľͲɵϣԼԽǰǸʲôĴˡܳȥһÿϧҪûϵͳǸܶ

ҶѨȻĮΣܸơϾѨﵽǹսǺڡ

ûڡȻ߻˵ĵ75%һһĻǾʡ´ҵĵԼɻ

òҰԽܲ996ĸڰףһ޴سֱӽϲɡ
ĽϵҺףԼè̻СƻӰӰס⿴ͺһСӵĴţ
ֵǳ˵Ƿǳ¡ˡ

ǹ
ԣҺ̬ǸGͼڣ
ˣȻǰߵոջƱ硣

Ȼ۷׷ס˵ĵܵҲ̫ƫˡ
ڸô죿
ĽӲ֪ôźá
Ӱڳĵһʱڽ£ûб¶ҲҪȴֹ

粨ôó

ǣҪô죿߶ͣҪȥԱ߰תһ߰ɡ
ˡĻǺϰֹ߲õ粨Լԣ˵Щ١͡ȫҲһġֻҪһңԾʧˡ
ô죿ŵڵִڵģüζðһڱ߱ŵһͷ亹

Ƥ

ǱԼ




42.  ĵʮ   ¼ĿĲš

ƴ˼
ϾڳԼ˼, Ҳκˡ

٣ףȥ
ҾͿ

洫, ǰĵʱ
ļͷ󺹡
еСƻӰҲǺµɪɪǣô죿
ӡèСƻӰӡ

һ˼һ߻ŬذοԼҺ̬ǿ, ֻҪ, ҲҲû취

ߴĹͷߵǰ, ȻҺ̬׵İΧ£ıޱȵľ޴Ե˵ޱС

ͷץסһˡȶᡣҾǸŮˡ
Цˡ˶Ȱ, ף
ҵıһ顣аЦǣеĹ⽣ʲô֪ˡ

ͲԹ֪Ĳɵд
ˣԴˡ
һֱ

ʲô׾㵵صɴ˫ۣеĹ⽣ﲻ

ΪոջֻһͷҺ̬Χ״Ȼ˲Ρ

߶ȱԭصľˡָޱȵĳצ߰ͷ­ֳϼ١
˳֮, Žľ˻ڱ仯
ͷִţǣ, ͻȻһƵ֮󣬱չһ˫ëĳ, ֹһ˫, ˫ǵһ˶ѨϿա

˵ոյ˶սʶȴѾĪ𺳵֣᲻һ㷴

ǹ
Ľô˾Ŀֲ

⡢һֻ, ĳǽɡ鲻Խغ˺ü̧ͷӶҪתˣҲûܿͷ
ûʲôǼĸ߿Ƽûʲô

ȻʱԽ˵Լ˼ȴԽ̲סķȥ

ҵģ˼ĭҧ⽣һ˾˵Ľס

һҲûУ⽣пûκεǳĻ󡣵ǲûʵʿʲôĸоຣ

칥һȺˣܵ׶Ĺ裬һȫ˷
ǱѪԣսĿ֮СȻȻػǸֲʡ
⾿ʲô

ǵĹȫã˲ȻȸոոӴɢۿɼŤӰʲôŤꡣ
ôᣬһҲûУ
⽣أ

Ź⽣Ϳ˵׾ֵػͷ󺰡ѹ⽣ˣ
ôܣ̿תйȻտյ
Һ̬и˻ҪȴѾһЩŵĲ

Ƕ֪⽣ֽǷǳ򵥵ġԣֻǿѡ˻ʲôδ֪ġ
仰һ˵ȫˡ

Ϥչֳȫͬԡֵ߸иһ֮С

ӣ
̰ӣһȫ̮
ǿжϵ࣬Щ˻˿ط

ľ޴󣬿Ǽ˵ǾҲ𺳵
ĻԼֻԼĶȤζû뵽δ˾ȻҲ˳͵ЧҲ⾪ϲˡ

Ŀһӣ򶨵صȵλͷɽȻ
ǣԶˡ˵
̫ˡĳһ֮ػ

ǣ̫ӰߴߴشӵĶԼսٻغϵĴ
⻹Ҫǰæˡ˵ʵ

ոǿĺŤĺӰӰǴ˵еëЧ
⽣ԶĹûЧʵҲǸ

Լʱ֪⽣õ֮ƥСҲûʲôõķ߿Եֿ
ҺþŸ㵽ҺıοԳֵ¿϶ɹ⽣Ҳ˵⽣ֻҪֱӴûЧ

Ըո׵Ĺ⽣п֮Һ̬ͶλԲԿ
Ϊʲôûз֡ǾҪ֮ǰһ[ѧ]ˡȥɴǰѾܣһξóˡ

Ȼлرġ
Ȼ֪ʲôʱ򣬻ʲôطŻá

Ȼ⽣ҲǱľɵġʵϸ֪ˡǡ̵ޡֻ͵͵ع̵ʱѹ⽣ĵˡ
Էͬһʱ䱻ĸּԻһʱ֮Ҳ벻ɧ

ǣռٵҩˣЦſĵļϣѯʵ
ˡҲ̲סЦ

[ѧ]Һ̬˵˵Ĺ⽣¶һļ[][׼]ĵҩȫͣھпյڲս˱

ϼսݴ
;õҩȥɴʱ򲹳䣬ûгɹˡû뵽·תǲɹˡ

ǣô죿ӰǺͱ߻̧ͷ
ĿôһȺСɰʱһӡ
ǻʡȻǻؼ

óѾڸǻؼҵʱˡ
ϵ΢Цޱȡ

ĳ˴Դ͵֧ԮĹ㣺ȵȣǼǴʱ䣬˵ʷڲ֪䱻ıˣ

ǵЦʱֲɵ룬ƺҲûʲô˿ĸҪˡ

ԸˣԶˡҵŮ¡




43.  ĵʮ   Ƭص࡭

ոˡ, ΪʲôǻߣֻèƵĶĵļϣʵ
Ӱǿķʽ˲ͬ࿴ֲȻӰ˵, һĴأûκεвС

ⶫҲܽߡεؽ͡ƾ׵, ͹ˡǼڡ﷢伤ڶԡ
Ȼǲ֪ǹŪ, δ˳ʶеĹ, Ǿ˿ؿ¡

Ȼõ֮ǰһһܡ[]

[
˵в˵Ŀ־塣ӵд˼ܵ㽫дѵͯӰȻ˼ܶаСЧġ
֪ʶ˵3500]

ҾáаСѷΧͬѧǺʸͣ
ĽҶѾˡλȥҾͻᶼЦһſԼϵ񡣡ż

һ˷۵糸ػ˼ҡ
ۿͼҵľԽԽˡ
ļֱǹƼ, ڴ˵һڼ׼˺ܶóԵĵǻȥˡͿģϣǰȥѾˡ
ǣֻèܳԶǶԲˡòƽغԼצӼʵЩѧġ

˭һģÿԱߵʳеӰӶѧˡ
ǻڻû٣˵Ҳѧء

԰ҪܳԾͺˡҲ˷ʳġһ߿ϧذ̾һ߽è̴ӱ˳סҺû㰡è̡ȥǾһԷ𣿡

èȴѵû˾, ĵģ˫, Ϊʲô

ôˣѵǲ𣿡Ľѯʡ
è̲ش𣬶ǼԼųһ
ǲ, ֻǿ񲻿ġ
Ļ׷ʡ
[]һɲ, ˦˳ȥ֮ǰ˱աĽè̽ڻС
ʲôˣļæ[]ǰдеĴ, Ծõɴ۾
һۿͷɫǸǰС԰𣿼ֱֲ԰һƤһ㡣

ǻˣһصӰӣһƬ̵İŽҶ͸Цżߺۣǻˣ
ȻһƬϲźŵһ㴫ݵԶ

ĸеԵĿ֣ſҪǻҸ΢ЦŴһˡ

ӰǴӵģïܵɭмһصС·ȥˡ
·ӰҪ˵Ҫڼʱļįȫ¶ɾ

ǣҸ˵ϲӱ˺ƯɫҴûмͺܺóԡϧǶŲ˵ζһӰͷ֦⣬ɡһ
ҪŵҲðǣҺ˵ÿ춼վŶҾҲһſ˵ζˡһӰӱ˵

鲻ԽصȥڲɫĿ϶䣬ֳһɫ
ϣ
ʶؼӿ˽Ų󼸺С˹ȥġϣҺ㰡ϣһˡ

ϽӲشԭأûбȴ¶һ֪Ǻõģ

ûеõӦί˵ϣӦ˵ӭġ
ǰԷֻǻ˶ѣô࣬Ҳֻǳģ⡣
ĸոеʧ߱ûһ˿Ļе

ӭǡ

ֻĴҲѾ㹻ˡ
Ľرϣ뽫ӵ֮ůһ㡣

ϲͷʵôġ۾Ҳֻܿѧġͬ飬ŵ֡
ڿޡȻûᣬ飬Ǳ˰ɡ
ЩԥĻеһ˲ζ
ӣѾˡǣҪ𣿡
Ҫ

˵ֻһЩ飬Ͱǰһ̷ˮĴȣ¶ֵһᡣĵĿˮ˵

ϻرİƤгһڴСˮ档
šллϡĲһ˲۾ࡣ۵Ĺ֭籬ըһʣŨ
ûûĳȣʲժȫûĵӱûһ˿˺ۣƯǾģ͵ߡ

һ߳ҿ飬һһӷŵǼᡣֻĻϲоζˡ
кܶġһѻСɽһˮĸأ
кͮͮƻƳγεӡë׵⨺ҡ۾쿴ˡʲô۵ѡⰡѾϣѡ

ֻһС£ôܾء
ˣϣե֭ȹ֭ЦŰСϵĶɵؿ˺üġ

𲻿ĵẹ̀һȥ˵ҿŵǰẹ̀쿴ŶóԵġ
èһʼŬֲǵ󣬻ûסǼζջ󡣡ӡ
һҧ˸ǣ۾ҲƵһӱ
ǱӿУеͷ̧ȥˣ̫ɰˡ

ŶûʲôʳܽġӲ㽶ӡƻĿè̺񲻺˼һʪյצӴСԲ̲סЦϴŶ

èצǲġֻǾԼЩ̫ûˡë׵ġǡ

֭ˡСɰرȺŶļһ֭ȷߡ
֭ǻϵģģҲʮƯƱʯһ⡣
èʶͷ

úȰɡĴչȥûè̵ı飬ԼҲչȥһڡ


ĵ̼һţŤӰŵ÷ɱȥҾȱ
ϣҪˣ
ȵȣʲôֻ˸ܱεľ˻׶ѣҪá
²۵ĻҲ˵ڡ

Ϊǳµѣ᲻ߴֿɬġеĹӵҲȫá

ĵ۽ǱƳ˿Ứͬèԡ
ϰѹ֭ĲĲ֪ʲôԭ
ǻϹֱ֭ǻħ

ϾѡʡϡС˲ֻ֮˵Ϊʲôôȷ
ޱ˿̶ֵܿΡ
ҲϵĴ˵ҵѽĸϽοҲãûϸԺһϹͲˡ

ϻصͷ
Ȼһͷĳ﷭ӿ
ζĻ
ҲһĻ

ϣǧҪԼŶϲˡƴؼʡżԵ㲻ͬζҲͦõģЩʳĶ彡ҪллϲŶѽ
˵ţ治֪ΧһȦˡ

˵ˣʵӰӻҪǡذ˵

ССʱ
Ƭزǻŵġ
ǲǻŵġ




44.  ĵʮ   ˣ


εΣ
ڽʾ֭, һ̴Ÿ磡
ˣ֮ûŸء
ıǸغ˵, ´μŶ

Լźŵƣ֣µشӦˡá

ĺԼ, תȥ, ԲͲϡ
Ŷ, ԲͲ
Ÿ磡Һ㰡ģϸˡ
εΣ
Ÿʾֻش

ȴֹŸ, зΪʲô˵أ
Ÿƺ˺һ˵˵𣿡
԰ΪʲôҶ˵أĻ񼸺ûмϲ÷ġΪǲϲ𣿡

˵ϲе֣Ӧǲǳת鷳ɡ
ĸ뵽Ÿ˵ˡᡣԵġ
ֻǵҶˡûе˵ʱıֳ˲ȻҲеӦûᡣǴҾǾãϲ

̫ˡһΪǲϲءȻǰû֡ش, ĵЦھǷģ;úܺ֡

л˵źŵƶԼͬ˸һ¡

, ջôŸ翪ѯʵ
ŶŶˡĸϽԼεľܽһ£ȫ˵Ÿ
Ÿٵ˸źŵ, Щ, ûӾг嵥ˡȽ

¶ίͰ͵С顣ھҪʼɻ𣿡
Ӱӡ˶ǴĿŸ硣
Ÿ翨һ¡ٰʼɡ

Ŷ̫ˣлл㣬Ÿ硣Ŀĵػ, ȻͶֺóԵĺͺˡ
ϽֲĻħ֭˻سե֭Ǵ֭ٷְٲˮǽһɿڡ
եɫ֭úȣһ󱭣мӣȻè̾԰ȥˡ

԰Ǻĸȫһˡ
ǰֻﻬݡСľΰ塣ڶ˺ü糵ӣǧ
ۣú档ĿܻĴﻬݣɵЦһΪġֱ谮о

ıèһȥ棬һ˼ʮΡƨɶĦðˣŲòͣȥ浴ǧ
Ȼ֪ЩСӲϲϷϲû취ѽοֲκָֹ
͸

Ϳġ

ʩ̫ˡǼİɡ룬ƤӡƹÿϧҪʵ壬Ǿ͸ˡǿ桭
ͻȻǰһ
ǿӥ׽С׽Բذ
ʲôӥС׽ԲأԲ˭ѽӰһͷˮԴɿɰģ֪ʢģ

ЦǶǰ󷭣ֱˡٺٺ٣һһǰɡ

һ죬ǻЦЦöѨ컨嶼Ҫƿˡ
ϣĳϾ׼Ĵͣϴϣɽɹ̫Ƶ˯
ǻǹŵ΢Цģ

糿̫ƻû
ľͱˡôôȣͷ󺹵ƿӣվһ·ʪ͸ˡ
ɲһسðˣԼĶͷҲ̣Ҳûв
Ŀ¶ȣ֪ԭ򡣡35棡ȵȣ㲻ǰ¶ȲǱը

СѣĲŷϵͳʾѾˣɣôͻȻһʾûС
컹ˬ컹ûͱ˿µȵ⼾Ҳ̫ˡ

̫ˡ
һ˺ü飬Ǻܿͱɴˡ֮ǰ·ҲˡֻʣĴԽŵǼ·ܴ
Ǽ·Ȼܹҵ¶ȡо˿˿ġ
һ·Բ

ľͺһ鶯ļ·ѡı˿ʣʽҲܼ򵥣ǵȹȿ֡¾깤
ò˵ϵտɱĺöˡѧ˼ܣֵľ׼ȻЩҲûϵЧʸߡ
ֱӾͰĸϳȥˡûһ˿Ļеȴ˲˼ᡣȥɡ

Ŀĵػ·ȥˡ˵ϵƷζҲܲرϲȹϵĻƣһſ׺ȹǣ˾졣
·ȷʵ졣
Ҫ
̫Ƶ¶Ȳûиģ¶ˡ

⻹ڵ¶ѨҪǵϵĻĮ·űˡ¶ѨҲȡ
ĳֹˮˮˮʵǡȵȣ֮ǰˮģˮǿԹˮˣ
ȵȣȻˣΪʲôڸӾأ

˵ɾ͸ɡ
ߣӣŶûˣ²ؾȥɻˡ
Ÿ籾׷ߴİкõɻһȺƮƮȥӰӲסŪͷתһĶԶˡ

Լļ԰ͼȻӾصλáҲˣԼСͿʼɻ
è̸ԱһСצӿضɰýС
СɰĲĿ佱ظè̱ëë

ӰһʮĽ
СƻӰСŲ˹ȥҲͼԼСְæȻÿΰҲͱһѴ˶١
Ҳϲضֿ佱СɰҲܰŶСɰ뵽ԼҪʲô𣿡
ҡϲƻƻƻƻ֣ѡѡĸأСƻӰӾòУѯʡ

Ҳϸ˼ʵƻҲûϵֿԺüֵġֻҵֻһ֣ǲŲֵֿ֪İɡҲԵŶ
ƻƻСƻӰһ顣
ֱִ֡
ƻƻֺóǾͽͻȻð
Ĳ㱻һۡ

ٺٺ١ǣ˵Ŷ˵ʲôͻȻһ¡
ӣǲֱһ㣿óֱǰһơҮ
𣿡ֻɰС׷Լ˺üȦ뵽⡣ˣǣϽԷŶȻ緹ûгԾͳɻˡӾô𣿡
ܺ氡ĸһһߴﹾؽֲҶôҶˡ

԰׳̵ٶȻȥ緹ǰϸشһݣݺ˵ŶˣݲΪʲôȫû仯
һ£һԼ̫졣
ԷҪ˵Ͻ׼õ緹˳зȡ

ۣðĸһĥõĶȻԼģǸŨⶹӻԼֵġ
ҶŬ
ľԼҲҪŬΪıСȻһôģ̫ƽˡ
ˣǴӷɴϸ㵽ٵԸһ¡

ǾǸ𣿡ĵͷѯʵ
ӰĽصͷҲǸ𣿡




45.  ĵʮ   ˮ԰

Ϊѵز֪λش
˼, ΪҲϣСʵ壬Ժһʳһˣ
û뵽Ӱͷ, Ϊˡ

Ҫ[ת]ôӵʵҲǷǳ򵥵顣
ûĵ, ޷϶ⶫӰ޺ʹǧ֮һĿ, Ҳ

ֻתƻ⡣, ӾڵòˡԿʼˮŶ
ۣ㡣Ӱ̻Ŵߴٵ

İˮڼϣССˮӾ
һڵ, Ҳ̫̽߻ҲлҪءҲԼˡ
ӾҲͱϥǸһ㣬ףʮסʵǸͯӾصĸоϾҲֺܻӾˣֻһˮܸҲ㲻ˡ

ˮˮԴԴϣٲ̫졣
ˮûĻ˼ֻɰСѼ
Ȱ~ͬѧԼʵ壬С͵͵һСѼСѼӱȥڼ仹졣ŵСɰɿܵˡ

ĺûشЦɡ
һ˫촽, ˸ıĿ
, ôġҽ㡣֡
ԥ˺þ, ͬͬŵػ, վԶԶؿġ

ӰǺĵظ˸϶Ȼһ360ΧСѼ
Ȼֻǽ߶ѣĪһĽѧա
Ц, ؿաСѼӷŽˮѹȻ֡СѼͻװˮŶȻóŵ

СѼһˮһ߷ոŵĽȰ~

һٴУܵˡ
ӰһʼҲһˮһ˷ɢһûΣգ²ؾ˻ߴġۣǣһΣһΡ
εӰǵļල£˼ʮΡ
Ӱǻûء

Ȱ~ͻȻӰӰΧȦСѼӵĽ
תͷһһ˶䵥СѼԱߣ¸ҵССѼӡȰ~
һأϰˣûܵճͻѧЦ
ɡĸ˸С񷤣ƮˮϼСѼӡ
֧֧˰죬ŻˮСƯĵߣ֣ص˵лллǡܺ档

СɰҲһӾˮۣ찡
ӾҲģߴرʲ˵ڰ׵͸ˮӡϵСرƤɰ
û뵽Ҳɫƫõġ֪ǲֹϵرϲɫ·
һ˵ɫ̫˻Щƫƫɫǳرʺϣ·ʽͻرÿҪǣرġˡ

úŶСѼӡĽؽԼĽŽˮģиоҿ
ͬѧΪûʵӰСǿһ硣
ӰǾȻˮһ㻹ľ档
Ҳ֪Ϊ̫ĽոսģǱͿԣֻǴҶû֡
֮ܶˮǿһ

ˣһˮ԰ɡĴһӣֻһͼֽˮﻬݺˮ档ʱû뵽Ժӡ
Ÿ翴²Ҳ̽߻˰æһˡұҪ¶ˣˮ׶úõĥƽҲһذ壬ΡʲôĿɹϢ

Ŀýݳ޵ˮ԰ҸòҪҪġˮʼʱͻȻڰվʮ̽߻ǡ
ûб飬ȴĿĽζҲֻĴǲġ
ˣӷɴõ˷ˮͿϡ

Ÿ磬ҰѴҽĴӱѷˮͿ˳һæͿ֮󣬾ŸɨһΣͿˡ
ҲæӰҲشˮ˳ˮĽ
֣ûʵҲˮĺһ£žͶ뵽ȵͿˮͿϴ󹤳ˡ

81̽߻ųɾžŷ񣬵1Ÿ2Ϳһ棬󡣵һͿˣת򣬱ɵ2Ÿ1Ϳһ棬ǰؼΣȫͿá
ֻǡƯķȱһСӡ
ĿǸȱڣɵ

ٵǸ̽߻ˣ̽ͼʱǺףھŸ˵İѾ޸ˡ
𻵵ûӼתƼڴ棬޷
Ϊ˷ֹжˣﲻҶμӾ棬һ˿Ͱ͵
Ҳȱһǡ

ȻĲȱڣæһͿˮͿϡĵĵȴȻġֻҪ뵽һˣ;뵽˹¶ͼį
Ҳ˲иоֶ
Լ
ϲңԼеҸ֣ҲϣԼĿֵĴҲͬҸֻһԸ޿ɾҩĴ

ҰСС￴ţ𣿡ʾŸ硣
ΪˣΪȡ֣ϣܳۡţįСߣһɫ޵С糵
ӰҲرȥתǷ糵ŪȻĲûССʲôرķӦӰǵִ˲ƣԴԼСĺһȥչ
̽߻ÿֵϢʱҲرȻһѻ˰شһ飬ʲôҲɡ
ǸΧȴľúһ˵ĸо

Ȼԡϻȥ㲻õġŸ˵꣬һһ۵ؼǰ˵ķˮͿǷλÿһϸڶûзŹ
̽߻˾ͺСѧÿתһΣԼĻеСצת̧Ÿ˼ҿ
Цͣ
رЩӵСţǷɰ

ˡһľŸ磬ԽԽ̵ˡ
̽߻˾һһ½һ㣬أΨлˮʾŴһļ

ķʱ治ܹд
˭ЩС̫Ըˡ
ǾȻΪرϲˮݵģҲоϲˮײˮģȥͽذ
ŸˮûУͿˮͿϵĽմմˮˡ

Ÿ磬㲻ˮɣıèվˮԾŸЦ
Ÿһػش𡣡ûС
׽ŪһˮŸķ
ˮŸ뻹һԶأŸһ㼱ٺܣٶ֮죬ûӦ

Ц˼ϽŸ籣֤Ÿ磬ԺŻˡҴˡ㲻Ҫҵ𣿡
ᡣŸشúܹϣһԥزԶᡣ

Զʣ޷ļޡ
Ŀԡ

Ҳһӵء




46.  ĵʮ   ϵͳ꣬⡭

ˮ, ͻȻһﻬݸߴӰӴˣǣ쿴
ʲôĨһѶǰʪ, ޲ػعͷȥ˲ŵֱӽŻӾ, ˾ˮ, һƬ
ܹ̫ܵ, Ǳĳʵ̫ˡ
ոջһƬǳïƯɫɭ֣Ȼǰؿή̻ݻơòеһʧˡ

ֻʣһ֦ˡ
ôоݳһ㣿ĸϽƮ˼˻Ǹ޹ؽҪʱĴ԰, Ĳ԰ӿһӶûˡ
ʲô¡ĸϽϰܡ

ҿߣӰҲļٵشӿֱӷɹȥһ·ˮ¡
ɲèһ̽߻˱ϣظϡ

һ·ֲ϶ˣϽſڵϣûһڣµĸϵǻġ
ΪʲôϵĲֶˣʲôȵȡ
뵽ʲô仯ѵΪ, ֲмԣ
ǴﳤЩֲûзּڡջİɡֲҲϳȫϷ淨
ʲô, 㲻Ҳû

ľʱ, иӰӾϲؽ, ߻лŵɫ
ʲôϲܹȥһֲ, ˳ǡϡ
죬ֲﶼˣϻšϿ϶ֲ
ϣû֮ǰֲ嵥õ嵥֮һȻֲмԵ⡣
ôܽǾǴֲﶼֲΪȵֻвֲܹ
Ͷô
컹˵Ƕ죬и̫õĲ²⡣

Ҳɡ뵽Ҫһļֻдֲû׼鷳ˡ
ĬĬؽȥʳƷֿ⡣
Ϊ飬ۼΪʵ
һֻС׸ףɽһʳֻ۾̲סð˾⡣
ι۵һͣẹ̀ȵááöʳﰡ

Ҳáƴصͷͬ
èצҲǳճյ֡

Ӧùҳһˡ˷ܵرסϼСлл㣬ϡ
ıѾѧˡ
ʱҪˡĲòͶ빤
µĻ仯ʵôֲĲòŬʵˡҪȺúùС

һӷɴ豸һĵɡΪ̽߻˹ʰרҵЧҲ졣
Ÿʼһ£г˺ü̽߻ķǽͷϷˡ

ڶ²û԰Ͳ԰ӡ
ջ[԰]ϽʱѾú¼ˡڶڵ¸Ӳֿ⡣
Щӵļԣûа취ճȥƶϡ
͵һĶͷˣ[]

ֻýӲֿ⣬һһҲõȣһɲȫˡֻͷ󺹵ˡϾغĲӺͻ԰¡
ͰСʱĹ·ʪ͸ˣϽܳ͸

ȰĽﲻͣʪëȫǸоޱȡ
յյյ
ķĵź

ûͼֽҲ֪յԭȫû취ƾձ
֪֪꣬ڷɴӦúúõذʩһ飬ͼֽϸ㵽ֵġ
һ̫ﺽеķɴܲյҲûС
ϧ

ϧĻӼ
ҪõͼֽԼ̫ŶôܵӦҲġ
ĿֻܴﲻܶССĻǺΡ

ǣŸ˵ϵͳŶҪҪӴƮһϢŸ˵һͻˡ
ģϲʪëվܣϵĶˡ

Ÿ̽߻ǶΧˮԵĸߴ
׸ߣˮ׳̴ѣǻͿһˮͿϣ·Ĺâ
ۣϵͳҲչȥŻϸϸع۲һӰǶ׺ں棬һСβ͡
è̸ϣ߿ˣֻԲĹĵС͹һţֲ˭˭

պһȦĿ̿Сɰڸʲô
ȡǡ˲һֱĺ£æȡ
ЦˣǰֻСɰֿЦеظһѡá

Ÿϵͳ
ˮĹܵʼˮһ󣬶ϵ̴ѾͿʼð̡˵ˮ
кܿһƬɣñ۳һһ䡢䡭ׯ԰ϷƲʸˡ

ĺ׷ʡðȻأȻأ
ꡣŸϵͳָ
̴һںڵѸٵƶȥƶ˲䱻Ⱦ˺ɫ

ͷһˮĶͷϣһ漴ָۣˡ
ˮ˳Ӧ仰׷״£ȵĿܿͱһɨգʮ¡

Ŀĵˮбܣˮ档
к𣿡񲻽⡣
èҲצȥˮˮˮ档Ļش𡣡á档ĺúġ
Ľغ֡ʵ壬úð

Ļعͷֵʡǲˮ𣿡
ŶӰӻȻ򣬳嵽Ц໥ˮ

иӰСһˮ飬ݵĵǰǣ㡣
ңҲͬСؽӹˮ飬ϸؿ뿴ˮر֮
԰ҾˮرƯ͸㡣ΪϲǡӰϵ˵
Ҳϲ㡣ллʮָˣȻЩˮҪôܱء

·ˣ²Ҳ֡ҲϲǡҲҪˮ顣
ҲҪҲҪһﶼˣˢˢˮŶ͸ġ
ĿʼµһСӰӻΪҸģɿˡٺٺ٣ǵһ

СӰӻ˵뵽ˡҪˮ顣ҾҪһֻһ֡ˡҪ顣
úúã飬Сɰĸպ뵽һˮĺð취

ڴԽǰִ뵽İ취񱣴ССһЩˮ顣
ҺڵĿƼܹ
ľ͵õһǳÿˮ

ϵͳʱʱ³꣬˲١
ֻǰȻߵýܲˡ
ĵϢʱֻøˡ

ҹĺ;Ÿ̽߻һǰصı߽硣
ǵЩҹųûĹĵݿЩ֮ǰԹϵЧΧֱһǧס
֣Χˡǰʮס

ǴҹȻġΪ˷С
ĻװЩߣЩȻ֪˵¶ѨĴڡһǾ鷳ˡ

ΪԷһľĿǰѧļ顣
ҪԴ
ԼԴ




47.  ĵʮ   ѰС

ġ
Ŀǰӵеļϵ[ӥ][ѧ][ٿ][׼][]
Ÿôá

[ӥ][׼]ѡλ, [ѧ][ٿ][]ṩѷ
ӾϵĻôٰᶯڳľʯŻرԵԹ, зԼ[]µ̵ʯ
ȻԹȫû·ͨصġ
ҪǱײҵȷ·ҲǲܵġҪ׶ž

ԼҪȥ, ͵ʱڸͨͺˡ
ʱϺá̽߻ѾѸĵͼ̽, ҲûҪ䡣
ֻӼ
ܲܳ˵ĴӪɡ

Ϊ³Ҳ̫Ҫȥյˡ
, ŶӰӶˣƮƮģֻ͸
ӰҲһ, ģûʲôӡ

˵ʵҲǺܣϷȥȥӾ˯ˡʵԹ֤һô޴Σյ顣
ҪС㼰ʱ˺ܾ͵óˡ
ȡˮһˮһûһ, ֱȵˡˡ˯š

Ŭؿηɹ, ΪԼ̫󣬲ͣƫƮ, סҡ
ƮץסĽ, ˷ܵغץסˡûأñ񻹸ߡ
һӰӹæһһһ, ŷƵģʮֺÿ
ܵһץסûôҷ

춼ġҿءЦ
֪Ϊʲôʵˡ
һȺҪһɰСȣ֪ɵȥ

ûץסǻôЩʵ
ƮŶͻǸһȵͻˡ֣ν˵ҲҪԷ˯ġ
Ҿû֮ǰ㲻Ҳġ鹴ĵ꣬Ȼ֪ԼȴҲش͸档

ߴٵ԰ɣСݮ
Сݮ˳ֿȥӰӻеݮͷĹĵġ״ӰǵǸŵġ
ÿκľСɰ

СӰѵò˼֡ҡǣҾòݮܿɰԡ𣿡
ȻСɰͲݮһɰĿһ飬ݮ̱㾫
ݮĵصһշȻΪֱƮ컨ȥˡ
ӰǸϽ׷ȥ
Ҳɿظȥݮ̫ˣոôһƮѨ컨ˡǿ죬Ǵ嶼컨̵ˡ

Ͻ˻ס
Һ̬ģ޴ӰҲֱ֣컨嶼һǡ⣬ݮƮȥˡ
ǣʵҲôŰɡǶûʵ塣ǰҲȥġȻһ㣬ǡʵǲôᰲοˣ֧֧Ҳ벻һ䡣

͵ذġûûϵġҵġ
ûʵ塣ҵҪôأʱͷǳϣͨӵп塣
ʵҲûʲôϵɡŬסƮƮ塣Լˡ
ܼįɡĶ˶٣˵һˣܼįġ

ӰͻȻú̽߻һĬ

ãſӦ𡣡ǡǵġҡȥɡ
ȻҪĹϵͬ

ȻصĽſ˸ͷҺ̽߻ǣŸ԰æլָӡ
ĺ;Ÿٵһ£ĴӰСֶǰѰݮҵݮ֮ȥҲͿְˡ
ְٶԻصĽµĹ滮
֮ǰ̽߻˵ҪǲµĻ԰ˮӰǵļңҡʳãͻҡ
Ȼ԰ҲǸص㡣

ĵҪһɳ
Ÿޱ飬ûһ˵Ļȴᡣá
ϸ׼óԵĸ
ûأľ͵˴ѸɡԼֵѣԼɹģǸһ㡣
̫óˣо֮䶼ѵ㡣

ǣҾȫΪѸɲųšŬذĵıϣЦشȤ
ӰϲһжôɣҲ׷ĵıϽԶԶһ൱һɫ磬޷Զ˧ˡ
΢һ㡣

ϲǵͷͻλá
ҲϲҲ
˭ң
ұѹסˣҳȥ

ǴһСѳŵļӸС

ֻþְظҷλãȻż·
ȥѰݮҲûеĽͨߣǴڵ϶ȣӰȥѰ
ûУƶ¸طظ̵ܿݮġ

ǳǰʵʱķ˸˵ĺö
6ʣ4Ŀĺö
4ӡ

[ѹӢ
˵һŷԸСӣܳ޵ϣ˷УֻҪзĵط]

ֵ˵ľЩ̫
ǿԿӿ԰ķˡ

ˡӷڿڴһͻӰһƮƮط졣ǷһͣͻƵ
ͷٶȶܿơ
Ȼûë֡һ

Һϵͳĸĥ£ĵ˼άǳ񣬺ܿ뵽˽취׼һķƷ
Ҫͺˡһõ顣
ĺӰһ¡ѹӢӷɵգӰںһƮҲľطзˡ

ߣߡ̫ˣȵȣȵȣļţɳǰһƵĴ̼
ǣʲôߣ
ģ

ⲻطзñȷ绹
ֻˡ
Ǵ˵еܡ
˭ûкúõʦѧϲ巽򣬻ܹ˭

ʵ̻˴ƶų[]˵ϣʼʽѰ
ȻĮʱǻƻ裬ѾȵòС
ӰǶ͵ùĹĵģƤˡҵȣһ򶼵ñŷɡ
Ҫˡ

СݮСݮ
ĺӰǴغ
ѾǵˡҺɤӶˡҪģϾûɤӡ

ǣͺˡ㶼˵ˡ鿴죬ˣϽȰݮôϲҪ⸽϶ñǻҪ졣
šĵͷĬĬغ˼ˮǻġȰĵ滹̡
ɤϢͺˡ
ݮҪ
һ˹ģĵĶһˡ

˯Լһֻ䣬
ǣǡ
ݮ

ԣݮ
Ĳһ´˻˻⣬캰̫ˣһҲˡ
ûϵ
Ե粨Ӱǡ
ݮ

ӰӸϽȥ˵ݮ̻ˡ
ݮǸ
ˣˣǡ

һףʱ̿




48.  ĵʮ   ӲĽ,ı䡭

, ǡݮǽЦԷǡ
Сݮôˣһѡ
Ǵ²ˡƮʱ򿴵ЩˡǾݮ˵һͷˮ

ʲô˼ڵϿʲô𣿡ϸ룬ݮ˵ӦþץסЩˡǿǵĻ𣿡
, ǡǣǼҸġҴƮʱ, ǾԹҺѾˡݮ˵ꡣ

ı鲻Խش˸˵֮ǰѾùˡ[ѧ]Ӧÿǵġ
Ϊʲôôأ

Ȼȥˡ½ر, ó[]ظϡٵķ罫ͷ, ȴ˼ˡ

ңû°ɡ

ӰҲ뵽취ʵݮ
Ҫ֪ͺˡովͲһˡƵ̾Ϣİû, ĺġ
Ұ໥ĶԷײײԷ
Ӱӷ׷װġ

ȥǧ궼˶ȹģΪʲôͻȻһӱѰأ
ͺһʯͷͻȻ˹ȴֽʯͷȥ
ôõأ
Ϊʯͷڱע㹻ĿֺҸһҡ

ǻȥҪʲôأͻȻһСߴߴ
ҪȥӾء
Ҫȥֵϡ
ֻǸ𿴺ֵġ
кŬذæġ
һﳳµֺֻһ㡣

ȻȴڿֲĻ֮ʱȻֹˡ

ˮ԰Ļ԰, ֳֵǧ궼ûȴҲ벻ġ԰
Ѫһ, ȼյĻǸո̸۵һС

ûʵ壬һθе˵ĳء
ӰӼѵźǣ
Ωпµĺ¡¡졣

Ӱ˲仯, ܹ̻Ƶ, Ψһõݷȥ
һ·ţûʵӰľ
֮в֪ɢŶٵĽЩվտĲ֪ƣĻǡ
ıš

Ϊʲô۾ꣿ
˵, ǿġ
ڻĵʱ򣬿ȥǡ

Ӱʱʵ̫ˡ

ıϽܡ
ƴɳƵĺ˻𡣡ϣҳȥҳȥ
ǲǵĶ֡ǱǱǿҵĺԼ˲֣մѬĻҺۡƽﰮˡ
Ÿǿöѳɺüˣȫ߻ǿߡ

ǴҶˡȥˣ㡭ΪʲôҶڷսΪʲôȥ˫ƲסԼĿջĻġ

ҲֻһԸĴǾôǻŵģģʧȥļˡ

ûϵġֻǻˡʧȥʲôٴС㲻С

࣬ġ
ûһ˿Ļе£޿İ⡣
Ҳеġ
ʵʤ۱硣

ǰʤȶĹʤܵһе漣

Ȼ
ҵˡ
ͷ󺺵ҿ˴ȫװĴɱڵسǰ׺ݵĿĵĳһ㣬˲ͷƤ

Ȼʱ䡢ص㡢ڶˣǹֵ֪һмﶨ
Ůʧȥ䰮һУһ̡

Թۡ
ûڵǶʷ
ջΪͨĵ·

ȥˣҪ뿪ңҪһˡԸһҲҪĵĺѪζǵһǰ㡣

ƮڿУؿһл

ΪŮ
ҲҪʧȥǡ

ϵİ̩֮
㡣


ģʷᵮʲôḳʲôͨʲôԹۡ

ͻȻâ
һΣı׷ɱˣĹâһ
ôôůһָֻһ㣬ôϲ

ƴ˫ۣ±âʹҲ̱۾
â֮Уʲôվǰչ˫۽λ
˭

Һɫĳ񣬺Ϸ߳ˣϤС

˭
âе˲ûлشȴжһС

Ĵӻ۽ǵˮδɺԡһӦѰҡϡŸ磬ң

ûлش
ž

ϾûбȵòӦĺ־;ˡ
˵ġ

ضǽʬ
ΩзڶߺХ

εΣ

϶

Ÿ磡ͽ˳ȫˣ㲿ҺùؼС
ǣҷһߡŸʮ侲һĻеȻ
ĸϽһһ㽫Ÿһ顣©ľšһĵһ̲סµŸ磬ϣҶ

Ÿ侲ġҶû¡ֻҪƴؼļûû¡
ǣˡĨһᣬϵ۶ˣһСèô죿Ÿ磬ûӼ

н취ġŸĻ˽ġ
šһа취ġŬذȥ

Ľǰʰ˴룬۵ֱֻܰſڵšȻǺޣŬغ;Ÿ˵ЦҺǶڡȻھ͵ñ˭޵ñȽˡ

˭Ҳûǿ޵졣һԴſǻǰ
ǡ
˭˵ģǿ޵Ҳ졣ĲʾطŬһ΢Ц밲ǡ

Ҳ֪һֱǵӰһ˿µĳĻˣ˵
Ϊǰĳסˡ
Ҳ׼ȷӦ𾪡

㡢ǡĵԲ۾ۿ
ΪǰĲǺںûʵӰӣһȺԲëס
ëɵСʨӣΧһϸСˮ̡۾ˮ֫ӯС¹⡢⿴ֱǶͯ԰󿪷š
Ե粨ȷʵǰ

һʱԺˡ
ʲô

ĵע֮£Ӱӣڵë״֧֧˵
ʲôǽתˣǲԼԲܿ𣿡ŵòᡣ漴һë׵ĸ
֣ôӰӵĸˣ
侲һ£ŷһè̡

ôҶû¡˵ô뵽תݵģؼѵ
ëŵһţͰ͵ô۾
صʿˮ
ˣ̫ɰˡ
ǲУҪúý

Ϊë໥˿Էֻë׵Сʨ˳ǱεĴˡ
ıӰǶϤˣֲַ˭˭ˡ
Сʨһ˦βͣԼצӣֵ˵ʽϾϳˡ
ǣֻæֲǹġ

˵ĺ϶񡣡




49.  ĵʮ   ǰ

˵, ΪʲôҪӽ[ת]ŬӲѵ
˵ʵҲļֲ˶á

СʨһŹëɼ, Ŷ˶βͣһ˵, һʮֻҡβ͡
С¹ͷϵĽǻֻһС, Բ۾ˮ, һ˵һ̲סԴ
ƤëСˮ̡ͰԼ̳һΧСצӴ, ʮ

ڶëСɰôĺݵ

һ߽ѵһͲɵˡ
ƳСʨСצԼԴ˵Ĳǹġǣûʵ壬ʲôҲ
ҡҪ㡣һСȻһػˡ

˵գë׶ɢһЩ¶ľӣһƿһ¶Ķ, ŵĽ⡣
ǡȥѴѼˣлл˹ȥƬ, ۵Ҳ̲סˣһһڵϡҡҶˡ̫ˡ

, , ѴƴðɡǾܽˡֵذο
Ȼ˿οĻҲʲôǲò˵仰´ˡ
šֱһᣬˮȴøˡֱ, ۾ˡʹ
Ҿ˵˭Ҳ޲Ц

ĸϽˮϴϴֹס
ǰڿɲǿ޵ʱ
صԼգſʼɻ

ҺѾѻǵƬʰˣĿֱӽһ衣ȻһˣҪ޵Ҳꡣ

ҺڡŬؼ΢Цȴúһ
ǣЦȿ޻ѿҮ񣬻һĸжսߡ
ģˡǼɻɡ

ʵˡǿ԰ɻ˰ɡ²ҡԼβ͡
ԣ԰Ҳѵôŵӻؾ֡ţ[ת]Ƥë˳Сˮ̡ϸϸģĺΧ

̲סߣһѡָá㱾ʵΪʲôҪðȥ[ת]
Ϊҡʹһ𡣡Ļشȫϡ
Ӱġ

ǣ㻹û˵Ǹøʲôأߴٵ
Ҫú롣ɣкܶҪءİѾŸõİװһҪػɡ

һµȻҪѻƴٵǺҪ˭ļˣǾ鷳ˡ
ڶݸĻ԰ֳӾءⳡսбȽ˵ľݲûֻΪ޽ķӱˣҪȫ
¡

г嵥ˡ
ʿˮѵɨһëǡצѼãҪϸĻͱȽˡοëǰҲû
Ȼܶ࣬ҳëģҲѡ룬˵ܰҰѻ˵ػвֿһҪ²ֽˮҪһЩˡ

ãëһڵͷʼֹˡȻ·͵ײײùǺôҶ¿ˡ

ĿʼרעԼĹˡ
ҪνӡŸָƴԼ塣
ҺϵͳܸСôƻ졣

ߴﹾ~
ĸɵҹӽеԼһûԷˡӱȡ֮ǰϸ׼ĸһ߿Уһߵᡣ
Ҳ֪ûãǾ̲סԼֳı֮УϽվȥëǡ

ʱҲӰѾʵ塣ӣܲܳԶˣ
ĳݣһƬëףȫȻķվ
ɰ
ĵƣһ̶ˡ

ӣǡĶͷβߣһѣСʨӵβͼ⣬ﰵԼѡ
̫ˡǴԽǰĶײ͡
ĵһӽдˡ

ĶӽɲǳģԵһƬöõëǡ
ȺСɰһӵʵ壬֪ӶҪԷģأΪʲô岻ܶˡ

Էɡİͷιˮιʳ

ۣѸɺ𣡡ԵβͶˣɿһζϲ̫ˡǣýƻǰһܳԡ
óԡóԡóԡëҲǳԵûޱȣȫʡ

СӣȻʵǺá԰ڣǾͿˡÿϧ
ԡ԰Сצ²ԼëƵƵͷͬ
ӰҲֿϧ۲è̵ʩˣϧʱľһ糵ΰ嶼浽ء

ʱЦų֡
ʲôóԵģǹ֭𣿡ܵõһ̫죬ֱĵϣ˴ë׹Ҽ
~۵ɤǿɰСǣʨôеģ𣿡
ɰ

šıԵòУŸչʾҼӼһﻬŶȻеªڿ浽ˡһˡ
ĵĻû˵꣬ͱë״˵ˡȫƸһë׵Ĵ̺ӣůͼˡ

ۣˣ
ϲˣǣ
۵Ļû

ӵЩɰëǣĵԴԴϵǰ·ƺԼŬȥˡ




50.  ĵʮ   ë׿ᣬơ

ܹԼ, 顣
֮ǰĵ·Ǳ鲼

ʹ˵ָһҪ޲޵ġ
Ա߰˶СʨԱ߿ϷЦٺٺ, Ҫˡ
߿ĸûסᣬһߵ𶹶, һ߻ӲϵͳˡҲûޡ
, Ҫ·ջСһԵС¹Ϊ, ϽСʨȥ·

Ŀ·̲סЦ
Ϊĺÿɰ

Сʨ׼λվãС¹ӯı, ȻԼĽǰ·Ѿëװæĸ·ˡ
ֹ̫ֱǶƺõĶɰĶԼ˵ָ
ʹĺһɻֱˡ

ҡˣСˮ̡ŬСצӽ˺˵ָѧĵӹƴشСкõ𣿡
šöˡЦû˵Сˮ̡ͷлл㣬
ȻѾʼʱôˣȻʱʱط˽͵ë

εΣ
ȱƴõľŸѵ͸̫áֱϵĿ˺ˡ
áллŸ硣̯֣һŴ, һŴ˴򲹶·, ʵǿҺ֮ǰа׼Ÿ磬ϵȱʲô𣿡
Ӧܰƴˡµķó𣿡ŸָӵװµĻеֱ, ڿϸĻˡ
Ŀǰƴ˵ıɾŸΪ, Ϊ֡

óˡϴȥɴҵһҵֻε˵ԴҲȥɴ汻˷֡
ĸɥͱŸشˡɻĿǰ2%Ҫ緹ǰ50%üԤƻ
áһ, Щ¶ӵԺȥϾڼ๤ǰҪӱˡ

ר־ƴϡ
ëһ׼ٿһᡣ
СʨﻬݵˣΪˣȿһ³ӡ
ǱͺܰС¹ز̨㿪ʼﻹкöҪء
鿪ĲСʨСצԴ˵ˣֱ˵°ɡҪʲô

ذɡ԰ʲôûˣͺͺĺѿһë

ǰҲͺͺģʱҲҪɡҾûǽֿ⡣ǰ˵ʳﲻصĻܿͻ᲻ܳԵġбĶҲҪɡȻҲġ

ҲûжٺõĶҪɰɡֶҪ˵ҲҪԶ

һ˵֣ë̲סʿˮ
ǳԶͰǿúĽҲڡǿɶǶ۵ζˣһˮҪش

ҾʳϾҶʳս˲ֿ⣬ʣµЩʳֻһ˳ԣ֧ܶŲ˶ãοֶЩСè

Ҫô֣˰죬СצӶʪˣʳһؼ⡣
֪иë˵Ȼˮ
ë׾֮ǰʾԼкúÿѵǸСɰӰӡԼƽʱÿϸˡԼ˸ֽѡ

ɡ̿ʼжһȺëף߰˸ӣѼʰһƣúצ
һȺë˸ʵ
ˡҪˮ˰ɡģĨһԼͷѧĲء
ҡҾá񲻶ԡ˲ͬǷֿڶһ𣬻᲻̫ˣ

ë׾˵ĺеֿʼٿӣҪڳ

˸ȫ̡
ģȲܼ˵ôܷѿ
û취ȥ̴θɻҪӰͺˡˣеڻġ

ֻοԼȻԼĹܿ죬ͷֲȥעͷĶˣΪǹؼ֡

ëר־ùʱиĬӰǰ
ɫС¹һӰȵشСˣԣӦǴҿ쿴ֲš
ʺҲܿزë׵ӡ
ǰó˸̫ܣȴʵĴ𰸡˵Ǹ[԰]ӵǸֲô

ûʱëǰĵ[԰]

нţн𣿡һ󡣡ǰԼĸóˣǲ˵ֲĸ뿪𣿻ġ

Ҳ˵ֲͨˣǿǸܵ[]ҲǻѸóֲﰡ[԰]ѸóҲɡֵ˵һӾʹ˴ҵǡ
Ŷͬصͷ

Իһʱŵӡ
˭ĶһȺûгʶëףҼʶĸֵĵߣûзӦֲԼᶯǶôֵһ¡

[԰]ǳĬֻĬĬԼ֦־סͷһһȷظء

ë׿ϰ߳ĬС飬һҲ[԰]˵ɻﲻԡǼϺ̷Ӧ[԰]ڽ̵ôֲ

ƴװϣëǵʱ򣬾ȵطزƽˣЩĵطѾðµ硣




51.  ĵʮһ   ǿ˭𰸡

ҺðĴ佱
ë̸Ц˻, ķոշ顣
ͣͣͣıԵ粨ۡһһ˵˵
Сʨذǰ˺üСβһһһ¡ٺٺ١

Ŀ, ̿ⶺŪ˵ɡȻҿҪ
ź, Ǹ, , ֵܳ˵꣬µ˱ˡ
ʲôֵܳˣͷѯʵ˵[]𣿿ҲǳȰʲô˼һ, []أ

ǣȲҪǸ[]ˡǸǻӵǸǸǸ񿨴˰춼û˵Ȼ
ǣ[԰]ôأȻǶᡣ˵ˡ
յںֱţȥһš

ܡȵȣһף[԰]ôˣļ׷, һѽʹڻųɸȥһˡ
ȥԶ, ĻЦ

ĻŴأһëͷ̽һͷ, Ľöˡ
ƴ쳤, ԼԴĵĻǣҲҪ, ҲҪ棡
޿κε̾˿˵ǵһһҪͷβúõظŶ
˵գû취Ľëһһųһع˹ȥŬرֶᣬȲ˺ңȺСɰϲ

˭أˣܺ˵һ£[԰]ȵǡֽӹһСɰͻȻסˡΪֵĲëף۵֦Ҷ
Ҷ
ĸϽͷ[԰]𣿡

ǸϥǸһСȻûб飬ȴĪĽʹߴٵ
⡭Ҳ棿
ε¶ЦСذСκһٶ֣ƫƫС޴ߵý̵ҶӲֱ

ˣôɰ̲ס
ûסС֦ۼ⣬ȻҪ˳⡣ԣĳˣ

ϸشһ
СС޴Сëǲ࣬֫۵֦ʵҶɰƵż
𣿡̲סѯʡ
Сԥŵ˵ͷͷïܵҶҲŻζ

һЦŵлллֲ֮ǰΪʲô˵أһ˴İɡ
߼߼СƴҡͷȻѵؼһԶȡĵ粨ġ㡢ڣĵġ
лл鲻Խ¶һõ΢Ц

С£Ĳԭ[԰]֮ǰˡ̫רƴˣûµϵͳϢ
ֹ[԰]ˣ[]Ҳˡ
ȵȣ[]أ֪ȥ𣿡[԰]

Сָ֦˵Լ
ĲŷӦԣΪ[԰]ҽ㲻ϲĻ
Сֱ˲쳤סĵͣƵػش𡣡ϲ
úáԺͽĶ˶٣ˣ֪[]ȥ𣿡

Сϵ֦Ҷһȥ
𣿡ĸϽܹȥ[԰]˴ı仯֪[]ʲôǱͻܵġ

һߴϵͳ쿴һܡ[԰]Сްĵıϡ
ëҲȸԾظ

ʲô˼Ķϵͳ[]˵һͷˮ

[
ȼ4
˵һɵֲӵһ˵߾ߵġϲУȥаɡ]

ģÿֶʶƴһȴ顣ȫʲôȥС
ߵƽ[]ҲԼңȻŹ侰հɡ

ıϵСƤСӣһ۵֦ĵͷһҶӲĵĶ
̲ס⣬ЦҪ˰𡣡
С΢

뵽[԰]ôɰõԸ[]иϲеİãоҲ
쿴ǣ[]!ۼһѵ

ŤͷȥȻϤ[]΢Щͬ
֮ǰ[]۱øʺϳȴǶһۡ³ۺ[԰]һʮֽСɰҲǸС޵ӡ
[԰]С޵𣬾[]С޲ֻţԭ̥ĺɫԲʵ

Сʨ[]תһȦÿŵпۣÿŶ
һֱǵ[]һӾֱͣͦ壬ǰƶһСξ룬ҫǱ޵Ĺʵ̥
Ŀ̿
ÿɰĸԡ

ãллһֱҡİ[]ƽӡ˵ϲУܿ𣿲Ҫ¡Ҳôġ
[]ԥѯʡ㲻𣿡
[԰]ˡ

ᡣҲشúܹûһ˿ԥھȥҪҰ׼ʲô𣿡
[]ǲ⡣Ҫȥ档ȥҪ׼ʲô԰׼
԰˵꣬¶һ˿ı顣
[]ˣ̾ʵ㲻Ը⡣Ըˡ
ǡһ׼ˮڵɡӪҺ׼񱳰Һ𣿡˵꣬ЩΪѵѯʡֻ㻹𣿡

[]ʰİ񱳰ݸԼŲȻᰡֻǳȥСֲҳߡǡ
˵գһˣƺһ㡣

ȻǱˣȻܿĵתͷģ𣿡
һȺë㿴ңҿ㣬Цѧ
ǡ
Ĳʾǲű

׶԰Сѳܵļơ

˭˵ˡûһ˿ĻеͻȻŵë׽һ¡
Ȼ˵еûûɫ𣬵Ⱥë׾ֱܷ˵˭
Ĳ˵⿴һСҵҳС飬֪ߺ
ļغ
ϣ

ո˵ˣ֭ûˡͨͨһ仰˰Ұ

ĺëױһɪɪҪ~

ĲˣƹܳǸˣء




52.  ĵʮ   ͷ桢ϣС

ϻعԺ, ҶĵòС
ı˱ϣͶι˲ٺóԵģŻȥɻʮŸ̽߻ڵء
ֵҵ, ڼҵļ϶û⡣ƴӺúãǾٺòˡ

, ҪͰһȺëſڴڸҡź
Աһվ, ͰȺСɰץˡӾطźˮˡȥϴ衣
ãһëˡ

ĸɵҹ, ݵĿһͰûˡ۾, ſһСᣬֱӾ˯ˡ

糿Ĺâ͸۾𴲣ŷԼѾɵˡʲôʱģҶ֪
㵱Ȼ֪ϰ㱧ŶСʨ´ӵ˴ϣɲסֱӹĵıۣ, ұץסˡ

Ŀ֫ԽŬԽǱý, ̲סЦæӱӴħȣȻСʨ, ĵСʨQצ档
̫, ָʵǽԡ

εΣǾŸˡ
ǣȥɻЩͷߴٵ
һ¡ĺ;Ÿȡʮӿֵ糿ʱ⡣

ʲôѽߵĴ̽һë, С¹飬ŨܵĽëһ˫ˮ۾ڴúܸ˵ˡ
ͷϻСѡҲ̶һС۾ζؿ档
Ҫһ𣿡Ķ֡

ҪҪҪСѶ˵ֱӴС¹ͷ
С⬱ϵĴ̣û뵽ʹʮءָ񫡣СϸϸģȻ޳ֻƽʱڶӵëëȫǸëס
ɰը

СҲϷС¹ҲͲסһߴ󺰣һߺ˼ҲӴȥҲҪҲҪ
ԾԤʧܣֱӿ˴ϡѵȡǣҿסˡ
ʲôʲôʵ̫ˣСɰǶˡ
ºˡ
ĵë״ٴߡ
ϿͶˣʱϵë׶ҪˣһëСɽ
Ҹ飬֪Ϊʲôûˡ
ʵǲģƶװĻеֱظĵǣˡѾ׼ˡ

һһŸ裬ϣͳʲô
ϲͷ档ϰȻһ̵㣬һۣĳǰʳ̱Ӳ׿е
ëǴڻسͷһͷ档

ͷ棡һˮ͵ˡֻӱžȥˡ
ĵϲãȻͷ峴ˮöڻˣټһͿĲÿζǽղܡ
ǸðգθٲĶһ˸ɵһ裬οڡÿŬɻɱȴԽǰˡ
ţһ涼ˣɾһû¡׶ϴ͹ÿԵˡ

úóԡȥɻллϡ˵꣬վѵŲȥ
ëҲҪʼԼĻǾȥ[԰]ʦѧϰֵ϶ˡ
ʦһëΪķЩɥ룬֦ԼͷŴȥϵء

ۣϺôŶСһŴϵĶԲ㻬һ󡣡
úšëǴսţ¶Сèı

ʦҲûôҾõȣ֦˵ϣһĵúܺժ֦һˤ
ĺȿһӱ֭ˮĽرѿʵֲζ
ëȻÿˮˣǹɵһԹԹԵصȴ
[԰]ͷҲһӵѺõعϷֵ˺óԵġзݣëԵʪģֱǴһ۵Ĺ֭ˮ̡

Сѿĵس˼ڣ֪ʲôٵȥˡ
Ҫνӵǡϣר־ظɻأͻȻǰڳһͮͮϡϣŷֵСѡллϣѡ
Ŷó𣿡Ͽĳϣɰúµżڼ

ˣˣǣϳģҸС¹սţָСˮ̡һϡҡҲŶ
ȻһȺϵë״
һӶڲµϣ̿һ̫ˣⶼϵ϶ժ˰ɡ

ǣҸСʨһţ涼켷ˡŵǣë׶ǴһţϽˡ
Ǹ϶ĴԽǰϻҪһ

ģȻܸжôԲ갡

һëȫȫ⣬гڴкޱİ

þûгèſڴڣŷľ
ôְ
Ц˿ģá
Լû

ֻĵ֪Ϊʲôӿһһ㣬㯶ס
ŪԼʲô

ֻЩһӽǿŹâɵ̫




53.  ĵʮ   ˮʧ¼

һĳԵöƤԲ, ɢһСʱоȥ
ë֪ˣ֤, ԺԲôˡ
ë׵ĿɰģĶĵذæ顣, ˰ɡҲġ

㡣תͷ, Ŀʼ߶Ķ֪ܰصնµĽ便Ǹʲôˡ

ĵϳȥ˺Զ, ̲סԼĶ䡣ʥжˡ
󡢴󡢴ʥʲôԼСצצѯʵ
ʥ, һֻܵĳĺӡʮֻ˵¡ͷϢʱ͵ˡ

ëȫᣬСצ
һ뵽ЩΪ˵̽߻ǣҲû취´Ϣʱٽ»ع
ëǸ͵شòС
ĻھŸļල£Ӳĳȫϳȥ

ʵƴӹȷɿ졣
ȰѾŸƴӺã֮Ǳ2105ŵСС, ˸̽߻ˡ
ھŸİ£Ľ˸̽߻װµĻֱ, ܹоϸҵ֣ٳϸĽ
Ҿһˡ

һҹ
ʹļ, վȥϴ
Ϊ̫ר, ĶȵûɶоˡϢعŷԼʪ·Ѿˡ
óԼ, ϽŻϴ·ȥԡңȴϵͳûˮ
ʱĲҪˮȥϵͳˮڻûء
ӣҵˮأľסſʯͷϴ˯Сʨ

ˮСʨ˯ԺëצԼ۾˵Ҫȥϴʲôģˡ
ֻüѰҡСʨ˦˦βͣҲ

ǣ칤ˣĵĽߣĴè
Цһı֮ǰҪལ˲ٶѽšҴϴһȥ˯ˡҲˮ÷ա

ģǡһһġСʨظƱ
ǾллЦ˵꣬ϤĿסȻһ̧ͷľӯԾС¹
ˣˣǡС¹һͷײĵĻ

ôˣһ˲ٵĽǣЦʡ
Ŷ˵ҪؽˮͰˮˡϴ»ûװˮءѸ״

ʵϴ·ˮԴˮġװһ¹ܵԺͲҪôˡллϴ·ϵصл
ءҾϴ·ܺ氡С¹Ҳ˶Լë׵СβͣСʨ档
Сһ໥Ϸײһңײһ㣬ʱʱһţЦͣ

ߵ԰ӣľͿһӹȥŶСѡѣˮأ
Ұѹ˵ӾصˮˡˮˡͣϵĴ̶ҶӣֱǹҶӵ㣬óԼˡ

⻹ǸѰó̡鲻Խظп
Сȴʮֿĸ˵ظĵ󣬺ʲôϷ
ǰ棬׺һβͣʮֻõĳβ͡

ȵӾأĴûֵ֣˵Ӿ𣿡
һëɢˡ
ӾصˮͻȻӲмðһСԴһãʡʲʲô£
ҵˮأЦһСˮ̡Դԭ֮ǰôԲԴΪë̫ˡǺ档

ΪҪҪϴ裬ԣȡȷšŵԡˡѵ˵꣬ͿëǵһƬһЦõġ
иʲôŶһȦεһƨ˰ߡԡû
һȺëѧڰߣѽӾػ棬ôһŵСѾǿɰġ

Ӿﲻкܶˮ𣿡֡ΪʲôӾϴѽ
ΪϴĳӽãӾˮĵط֪Լһʱ֮ҲͲ壬Ҳĸ뵽˺ð취ȥˮˮϴˡ

Ҳæ
ëһſһһˮͰϴꡣ

ϴ裬ϴԴհͷûü̾ϢһأȲҽһʹ
ͷʲôι״Ķͷˡ

ƿͷһȻǸոôҵתˮ
Ϊʲô
İ˼⡣

ʱıһģСһŲһŲصһͷ
ңë׵Сʨӣ
ֵ˵ǣҸոˣԡҿˮˣ˵˻ġͷͷ˵ġҸո˯Ժˣˡ

ˣǽһЦá
ԭС




54.  ĵʮ   

һ, ڶ𴲵ĸоЩֵֹġ
ָɬͷۣооԼͻȻԼӵ״һ
˰, ŷӦˣҸðˡ

⡣
ˡ

, ôСԣŹ߰춼û׼, ϸ, ǰ֣Ǵӡ
ôô
ĲŵŤͷ;Ÿ򲻿˼ù, Ÿʱ򷴵һŸ磬ôôͷ
һŸ
ŸȻоŸͷ

ͷγС״ģŸһ£ֱӰѾյͨѹشȥˡ
һܼģӦܴҶƴװ˵ġҪӱ
ɵˣ㶼յ39ˣٹǴ㵱¯𣿡ѵ˵ôĻȻޱȣȴᡣ
ϰ˷֮, Ϻ;Ÿ˵ѧĵˡ

Ԥáϰٴ, ıһǱĻеֱ, ̾Э
ıһ, ŲŲλã϶Ⱥġ
ţŸҲû, ıˮһȡ

ºûκεá
ԽԽˡ

ôѽСʨԼβͼɨĵĶͷһ̵ӡ
ˡššʪëĲ˲ֱۡ
ʲôСʡ
ںܲϷ̾Ϣһ㣬һϢ

ǶӶ𣿡СѽϵݮطĵͷߡܺóԵŶ˾ͻġ
ǶӶˡǡ岻СʨצԼͷëѹ߰ˡ

ʲô𣿡С¹ŵʡ
ҵƵķˡȫдҪ£ѡҩ⻹ˮáʵĿŸһһ۵ضꡣﲻܴ̫ˡ

ë̷˰ֹ̾ԹԵһһףȻŶ뿪˷䡣

ǣҪѽ
ǣһ氡
ǣɣǿһԺóԵġ
ǡ
ôֿɰף

ڸԺȻˣǷĵЦ⡣
š

ڷɴѼﲢûҩҲѾЩһѹˡϷ˼ʣµʣֻһЩģýڶ˳θ

ô죿Ѿǵˡ˵ҪٲյĻܻΣաëڹ̶ĴʯͷԿ˴ᡣ
˵Ҫҩҩʲôǧ껹ûоϲӰ壬һθеͷۡ

ǳԵİɡСʨ׽Ѹ顣᲻ѸɣҾóǿ϶ܿͻˡ
ӦòǡѸɶģκǣͰѸɶιˡС¹ҡͷ˵ҲʲôѳԵĶ
¡ʵѣСˮ̡Ҳ˼ġΪĵӦļֲĶȫûˡ
ʼֵѡݮûˡֻʣһЩĹɡ
Ҫʵѣǵĺҵõ

ô죿ëǼͷ
ѧʯͷһͻȻĹëˢˢһתͷ
ëǿˣʱ۾һ[]
ôҺ֡[]ƽȵʻϵұȳȥ֮ǰˡ

ǽаɡУһܸ˵ġСʨ˷꣬̾ɥյöͷ󼦵ˣ
ˣ[]Ծʡ
šѾˡ˵Σաҵҩǲ֪ҩʲôУ֪𣿡С¹Ҳʡ

ôи֡ˣǸ˰ɡ[]ʻǰ棬ٶԽԽ죬Ӷ·Ҫˡ
ë׶ˣ໥ֵ֮ˣΪʲôô죿

ܡڴؼ弦
Ϊһ㣬ѴϯӲˣֶڵˡϯӺˣȥˮٲϯӣڡ

ķȥģˮȴɵð̣˵
Ҫˮ𣿡һˮ
۾ֻܸоһ˿ʪ⣬̱㼱͵شڼȡˮ֡лл

ǡ
֪κһˡ
ƫƫȴϤĸоʶ

ԥһ£شֻǽָĹ̵Ķͷ
˫˸оᣬģҲ֡

ѵ
㲻ġ


ʱɡһ𣿡


ֻǰһ㡣Ҳ˸еһ㡣

лл㡣
ʵ

֪˭
δشͻȻҵײˡ

ǣ[]ҩˡǣϾͻˡһȺ˸߲ҵëǳ˽ЮŶϣͱ񱳰[]ֱһɺһ㡣

Ǹ˫־ʹʧˡ

ẹ̀ҾҺ˸ֵΡ
ĳҩһ㣬ԼԷˡһߺ֭һſԼߣè̡
иһֱҡȻӣҾӦǸˡⲻǴ˵еġ
ȩ̀ͷ峺ֻ֮ӳһˡ
Ȼһļ

˵е˰ɡ




55.  ĵʮ   ⣬ŭᡭ

δƼĺ档
ľסĵ¶Ѩ, ҪǹȥŻ谵ֳʪ̫ɭȴżЩɰСꡣ
Ƕ, ˵ŵԳѩģʽ

ʱ򣬾ͿԺʹһѩ, ѩ̡ѩ, ѩݡ;ÿġ
󲡳Ŀڴͷ, Ŵ⣬¶һ΢Ц
ͻȻһƬӰϣҶӵ

̧ͷһ, ЦøˡУлл㡣
ֻ·[]Сޱ˵Ȼٻûֻдϵһģİ͹
ǾҲ˶óѼӲⴰǰֲʲôıؾ֮·ȥģô·

͵ЦûнҴֻ˵𣿵ҿȴܿġ¹Ҷˮ顣
ûУǳ¶[]ͷԼͷҶϹԲӨˮӵָ, ĵǰɡ
ԸǰĿɰ
ллҺϲľˮԼղˡ鱦пԸḻһЩˡ

ɹ̫õ̫㻹ʲôҪ𣿡[]˵Ӳ, ȴůļˡ
ûСʲôҪллСŬسƤ˵
ûо͸Ͻɻȥ˯ͲҪ[]ֱ֦쳤ֱӰİرȥˣˡ½ҡ

Ҫˣڱ, , ĵ
һ˺ġ˯˺ü죬˯š
ˣСƢȻô˵[]ȴڴڶ˺һ, ֱ˯

Ĳ֪ʲôЦ

ëѾ˯ˣЦűĬ磬һһ˯СԼ̽ĬĬˡ
ϱ뽫ϵЩ߰ĶһĵЦֲɵسһҲֻǰѶõһߣ˯ͺá
ΪҲ֪ЩԱǸȴ۵ҩ

ǻе߼޷Ĵڡ
ԹԵظκͰԼЩȴģ
Ŀտ磬ΪĶ

˯˯˳ԣ˺üĿǲˡ
ȥˮɢԼǷཱུհ͸죬벻ϳҲ֪Լ϶ˡ
΢ʮ
ˮѾѿߺˮ涼һƬɰ̡

˵Ϊʲôֲİ˼⡣
ϵͳ©оȥ趨ûйӡ˵Ƶ˸ʶ
С㣬㶼þûкˡĴ˴ͣԼϵС㣬ѯʵС㣬ôˣ

Ҫ֪С顣
ȻоŸ硢ϡëǡСǣǵյôֻô¶ҲֻС
ֻ֪ϵͳܸҲǳлһС

СûзӦ
ңԶҶӣֻиͣèȴԼİʳɿĵķ
ʼѸֵԴȥȷľ
ʱֳȥˡҲŲ˶á

ˮϣŪСһûеõӦͷɥͻȻȱ߶һů͵ëס
ĵͷһʱ㰡Сɰôѽ
èſĵߴˡ
֪ҲĲŹ𣿡
ЦЦè̱ϣظëë
Ҳ֪ôˣЩ룬ʵһ֪㵣ܡ

ȵȡ
һ֪ȥ˽
ʼʱʲôûУʲôᡣ̤ԵĵһڷɴˣõһëӰӶ뿴

ҿʲôܿ԰æĸоԼþûд򿪹ϵͳˡ

Ŀǰߵļܴž[ӥ][ӥ]е˿
֪ϵͳ㲻е[е]Ҳó
ٶһ¼ܰɡ

Ĵ򿪼ܶһ棬òӵ֪ʶɵƳ̾һ
¶ѨЩˣҲʹҶ˵ѡ̽Ҳܼ֪ʶѾ
ֻʡŵˡ

뵽Լʲô
ԣ¶Ѩˡ
ĵ˫ȭɵ߬ˡ

Ǻ¿־壬ҲʹధˣǷŭ
޾ŭ

˵޴ԼǶ޷
ǵ콵ĹػǣȻ붼Ը⡣

߬ȭͷҧгݵ
һˡ




56.  ĵʮ   ·Сӡѵ

ŭ޷侲
ؿ类Ͳĵ, ͵öҪըˡ
ͣԼЩԼҪڶԷ֮ǰҵǣЩµĺ󻼶ɱҡ֮С
ԷأԷѹסءһһ, ָô죿

Խ˼Խ󿪵Ĺ, ǹ˵ð, ʲôʵԵĽչҲûСǰԼñը
, ʲôҲû£ֻбӿ顣
˵һֻǰ㡣

, 㡢ôˣСˮ̡ˮиһԴѯʵ
ССԴëʪģԵԴСˣҲԵ˫Ĵ۾ˡǶɫˡ
ҾǾԼ̫ˡŶ޴ľɥ˵

ǵġζСצӣεߣƵٵضһԼëһˮ, ԡԲ, Ҳǹġ
˫ʪĴ۾ô, æ˵Ҫġ˵, ϽԼȹڲϵˮ顣

Ҫˡ⡢¡·Ū˾͡ͲˡܾСצצĵ, ССһצֻĵָСÿɰ
ûϵġЦԼȹСצӵˮ۵˵㡣㿴ƶɰ´κ˵ҲҪֻƵȹӡ

̲˼צצԼգǵȹһܿɰġ
ǸҲһȹӺòã̶ˣ˵ҲҪ·ġܰռһ´ҵĽ𣿡
ȻԡëЩˣԲĹĵԴ˲ģˮһĻȥرˡ

ԶˣĲԼıӣףܾһʼ˵Ĳ¡
ˣҪǣûйлˣкܶȥء

ıèһܡ
ݵװֿʼһһŴСǩ

̽߻ѾƴӺãͶ빤ȻҿԲôŹϢһʱ䡣ûһԸϢ
Ϊ2̽߻·ĵʱ򣬼ʮֵǵģĿ˵Ϣùˣˡ
ϲǲ𣿡˵ŷӦԾؽ˵ȵȣո˵һ

е߼ǲ
ǰֻǱѡ
Ϊ2̽߻Լʾչʾһ˫ڰ۾Ȼģط˸Сۡ
ǣ㲻ҪԼȡҾ׼ˡ
ŶɵŻ룬ش󲿶ӿȥɻˡ

ãĲѹԼè̵Բβ򡣡ֻ̣һƴӹҲûи»
οҲǸ»ĸֿԼİɡ
ֱǳ

è̶˶βͣ˸λſ˯
̣ôôϲ˯ţҲˡ
Ŀ۾ˣСԴŵؽȥѵˮһط̣ףΡ

è̵֮Ų˼СצӴ˴ϵëëʵֲˣʵʵ˯ɡ

ǱķԼڰװϵıǩ̽߻˰ԲˡҲûлΣĿǰҲҪ顣

Ÿ磬úѵҡϵľŸ»Ϲ
Ÿڵľͷ֮ǰĻ̫עʵԣûмֵϴβŻôҡ
ҿʱĺʹҶİȫΪ߼أþŸҴ

һΣŸĳֿǵȫ⣬ŸǸĻɸΡ˳һᣬͷҲǾŸԼƵġ
ûԴ˵оֲܿһ·װģؾ֪ˣϲǺڵϹ״£Ҳᡭֲ̫ɡ

ΪʲôװԴĲڵʱϻʹ
Ҳ̫ˡŸĻشҲ˲ȴס

ǵ˼ѾӽˣĵҲ࣬Ǹͬࡣ
ȻӵпĻеʱأ᲻е⣬᲻˶еİų⣿
Ǻ¸ı䡣
˵¶޷ܵı顣

Ȼڵĳٵر仯ţǾŸûбֳõġһһ̽ѵġ
ллŸ硣Ŀĵر˱Ÿ磬žͱӵ¿ȵľŸȥڵƽѵˡ
ﱾëǼҵĵַ
սбջˡʣµĲҲëƳˡ

ĵʱƵķûʵӰǡڼȻҶëˣȻҲʺˡҲһ˷ӵơ
Ǳ鲼֡԰Сӣһһ̽߻ҲˡҲΪŸ3DӡСӽ򵥡

Ƭԭķյأˡھͱѵ

һ
ѵʼ




57.  ĵʮ   ѵԣ࡭


һ, ѵķӦս˼
Ÿ˵ʱĻܵԼ᲻һȫ¶Լĵ̡
ȻദôãҲ֪ıˡ

ߡұߡߡһߺ, һһܿӭС
ŸеķͲÿ붼ᵯһ޲ɳ, λǹ̶ġֻҪϸ۲, ܱܿ
ʹȻܼ, ûп[]ܵĻǳСᣬԼеĶͷɥʡŸ, ĲܿԼġ

ԵġŸ˶٣˵һġ𣿡
ûԥãػشš
⻹ôоŸ飡

Ǿͺúѵ
ħ

ëǾʮֺ棬żɻϢʱҲһѵҺãСѣŸԶ˼档

һСʨѧ֮˼άַɢʲôȤ뷨һһ
, Ȱѹ̶СëС档
ë̸ѧ
ֳһƬҡ
, ֱŵļһûС̽߻ǲ˵, ëǼûбеġ
ëǴΣյ֪ɡҶֻϷһ档

ֻġ
ʹŶ, Ҫ׷Ҵ˰
ĵĶͷҳǹ֮ǰܹıܿˡ

ǳԺצԼšء
ԶԣֻСཱུСƨɡ

һѵĿ, ֿʼµһѵһ
ׯ԰ܲǵģѾʽѻĴĳׯ԰
д򶷵ĻĽѧʲôġ˵ӦоСൽһʼǱдճܽˡ

ÿ˳Է˯۾һͿʼѵ˵Ÿ籣̶֤һݣͿʼ̥ˡ
룬֮ǰһһ;ʧ뵽¶ԼĴ

ҾҶʼˡȭֱۣܾЩӲˣ֮ǰһġ
ſʱ䵱ΧСˮ̡͵Цͱëë
ʲôСʨĵشչ
桭ǣŸ˵ҪܿԡЩļµ

֣ȻʱգȻ˵Ƿ
̲סһ¡
ë໥צ͵Ц

˵ҲѣֻʱԹҵھˡԹûж󣬶ڸߵأվﶼؿڵλá

ô𣿡ĥôʵǲš
ô򵥡Ÿ͸򡣡Ȼʱ緹ǰ

վڣŵȲʱǰҾܹء
ʵ֤äĿҪõġ
ﻹ뵽ԹصСʱʱϮҪо͵ûص¿ʼ

ëҲػС
ȻΪţ԰Źؿ͵ײ˵ϷǶ˵ǿɾͲˡ

ǣУСѵȷɿصŽµİťÿһΣΧǽͻһ˺ϸӻ
ҲҪеİȥ⡣
ҪǱӴл߲ǾҪ˻ص¿ʼ
㣬㣬ѣ

С⬵Ȼϸȴ硣
ĵķӦһӾͳ䲻شӱ󹥻ؿˣûйȥ
Сȴ˿ˮؿп϶ͰıߵİӰť

ëΪСΪĵĽȺСԻܲ
ģȺСͽҲԣ

Ϊһǧ
˵̢ǧƤʢŵĶҲֶ
Ѹɡݮɡݮɵȸɫɣ͵ȵȣһѷڽɫƤСƯúƱʯչ񣬿˲¿ڡ
ζһҧһڣնҪĵصˡĳóԡ

˵ëˣԼܲջ

ţҪץʱͨأʱͻõδڵ

ٴδԡ
ëΪܶռһ㣬Ҳþ˼
˫չ˼ҵĽ

Թɻֹë׿⣬̽߻ǵ١
̽߻ǵĿһ㣬ֻҪĲҪǷ־Ϳˡ
ģԡĲԡ

Ҫ֪̽߻ǲͼԿģкߵȸ豸ԡĵĴڡ
ҪıܿȺߵġС֡ǿɲһѡ
οĻҪëǽֻҪ΢һ㣬Ǿͻ̽߻ˡ
ʱë׿ͨˣһؾͱ̽߻Ǵ

ģҿ̫ˡ
ҲҪ
ֻҪһһ죬оͻ᲻ӿŭ
ģ޴Լ
ʲôĴ۸УʧȥһеĿ־壬Ҳڶˡ

ãһͨһأϽܣȷû̽߻ˣſٵǰܶ
ȵȣ
СذԹǽͷۡ
ȻѲߵʱϰʾ۾ۡٶ̿

˵Ҳ֣һĳ򣬿ÿ̽߻ݻ˲ͬԸĺˣûа㲻ͬ

ҷˡȻ۵ļץסǽͷ̽ġ
ľɥǽʧߡ
Ҫ¿ʼˡ

ȻҪԹȥǾͿԴҡڵػȥˡ
ԹǽǽͷԹȥỤ̆ͻȻһϤġ
ˣˣǡ

ĻعͷһȻС¹顣
Цôˣ˭͵𣿡
ǡС¹ŵСֱٵء

ôˣЦʡ˵ԺŬؿοԷϾÿζϲ俪ף¶ЩëƤС¡
ȻҲ⡣

ǣҿһࡣ
ࣿ

ļѵʿˮ˫鲻Խ߬ȭ

ǵϮ




58.  ĵʮ   ëã

˴, Һȫ¶˲ͳ׸ߵľ, ֲڻебûңԶ
ЩǺŸ̽߻˸ġĵһŵվסˡǼɹûᡣ

ĲǰһΣյһʱ뵽ľܺԱ, ʮǰ, ԵС¹ġ
, ң

С¹Ͻҡͷǵ, ǣǵġ
ʲôǵģͷˮ
ǵˡԣҲô˵С¹˻Դ˵ֻһ࣬ǻԵġССġҪϨˡ˵ܿҪˡ

ʲôĳԾشӾǰһӣ̽ԴֱС¹顣˵ׯ԰һࡣ
ǰˮԱߡС¹Դչȥ˲ġǣҪҪȥ
šĳž˻״С¹, ̤ˮķȥ
ڶëҲϽһϾ˻׵ĿĽű, һ˳糵

ë׵ľ˻ʻˮߣСˮ̡ѾˮԱߵĵϼת, һ, ֱĵһһƮǡǡǣ
ġ
ˣˡֱﻬһ㣬Ӿ˻ǻ, ֱ䵽ϣ˽Ҳ˲ϣĵس˹ȥ

⡢Сˮ̡Ͻ·
Ĺȥһ֪ΪʲôС¹ССݴʡ
ǸСӡҿɫƣϸݵ÷·ֻʣƤˡϵ·ʿĴԽʱһֻѾŪõģǿ
̲סۣḧüȴһˣȸճˮ󵰻Ҫ̡

һ͵Թë¶̾ı顣ǿĺ̰
ϽдҩٶˮëԣӦȰȥķĸϽָӡ
һϽæµ

ķСˮ̡ļҡΪϲˮԹѷӽˮϣˮһˮڼҺڳСˮء
ķҲʮֱ¡һ½أһˮˮرϻһСƬԡҲֻͯ˿ɰСˡ

һϡֱۡӵĺȻҪǺáİſڷӵĴ￴
ţո˵ģӿɰСɣС겻ȥҲӦ͵ݻá
ֲջ硣
ǵôתưɡ

ҩˣСС¹ıϣԼ̶װҩͲߺ
ëǷ׷׸·
Ľӹҩֱ¶ȣŴιҩɡ

Ȼ뿴С࣬ҲһѵҪҲǸ¡
ǰһְôϢϢʱСͿˡ

๤꣬ëҲֻˡ
̽߻ضСС಻Ȥ
ϣû£ҿһʳڱԾͺˡȥСĻԶһʱȥġ˵꣬ȴϻڼ׼͡

ԵִĿʮӣˮ۲ˡ
ϻһ裬ౡɣŵľ;ˡοڱ϶ζǴӽŵͷˬᡣ
ϱóƯĽɫ֥ÿˮֹס벻Լ֮ǰĻ⡣
ִûͣڸԵøɡ׽ݽŨ㣬ϸϸƷһζ
ûˣҲѾ㹻ˡ

һô
ÿë׶ԵͷҲ̧
ĸţ裬شãһĶӣ㵵صͷĶԲȹ˸ϡ
תͷȥëǡ
Ҷ룬Բ
Ķɣ᲻һ紵һصë׾ͻһ

߰ɣɢȥȻ˵ʮﶼпܡĸϽȮһߴٴȥԲݣŶɢ
˵Ȯ
ĵͷԼĽűߣֻɰëףֻĶ䣬֫޳βɣѩףֻβͼһء
˵ʵһֱ룬ֻСɰ᲻ʲôƷֵСأ

һ룬һûס˸[]
[
Ȯ
˵ɰë׵С˭˶ᰮġ
עڸǣҲ޷赲ҫꡣ㡣]

ǸȮơ
Ǳעʲô˼
ĵףӰȷʵаĴֿ꣬ɰġ
ðɣõĴʻ嶼Ӷࡣ
䡰㡣ʲô
Ļ˼

Сɰʱʱزĵȡɵëֱһˮ
̲סֵͷ
ֻСɰ̧ͷü¶һЦȣһ㡣

ɰ
ÿסһɰԴ
ǣ˼ҲҪ֡˼Ҳ֪Ҫʲô˼𣬺òѽ
ôܾˣ
Ҳ룬ѿڶѩѩòã
Ȼðѩë׵ĴβĽһȦֱɰС

С¹飺Ӧý衣
СѣҿҲǣǽвɡ
ëͻȻӿһζ

СʨֵغȥֱӰѩҲҪ䣬ҲҪ棡
ëͻȻ֣ﲻж
Ȼĵë״ʵʱߡ

ëһͷˮ
ô˵Ҳǳ޵Ҹһء
ܵذԼë
ã




59.  ĵʮ   ǻСӣδġ

ǡ
ɵĴ, һ˫׵˫ˡ
˫ԲԲĴ۾˿־;š
۾øݵƿӣСľǽƶԼ֮صĿɰС, ɻ
ʱ򣬴⴫ֵֻ
ʲô

~~, Ҫѡ
~ӺŶ, ôһҲҪ
~ѴҲ, Ҫϡ
ˡû취ǻֱӰǸˡ

Ǹֵ˵ʲô
Ȼ, ˵
۾ľ軯ŨŨɻ
ʱͻȻһ˵Ӱߡ

ˣתͷպ˴СԴЦʺáպǻأҪһʲô״
۾ĺë֮ǰȵСӡڴ棬Сĵع۲ģһԡ

~ǣ˵
~ʵϣҲ˵
ë˵Ҳ̲סЦ
ʱŲɵңϵͳæ, ȻҪҵĶԻǿǴʧ̫Ȥˡ

һƬЦ, ȴˡ
Щգôѯ, СȻóĿ, һЩܣû뵽ôѡ
˼һ£ĿԼеѡ

ʵ, Сѹ֮ǰĺëڿڵǻɶԡ
СʨʱŪ˰ɰǵĹӣһְɰմˮĿ뵽˿ǻ
ǰѰɰǺˮ1:2ıϣٷڹﰾƯɫճҺȺʱͿȴͻֺÿֺóԵǻ

ֽͷС̯Сʱһһ죬Ҳ塣ϧǳԺǻ̯Ӷˡʵǿϧ
һľͿԼˡ

뵽̶֣Ӿƾ¯ȡʢҺСӣص׼õİϡ
ë̸ֵ֣ôýζ

~ǣʲô
ٺٺ١Ļ꣬һ
ëһز³ȷ𰸡
ϣ

ϲشЦˣ
ľϵǻСĵؿСӣһ֣صؽ͵ҶûеŶҾ㣬ǿԳԵġ
СӾ˫۽ŵضģԥ˰ջûбÿ

Ľǻѵݽ˴
Сӿ˿ֿ˿ɢϢǻţȴȷ޹һ
ʱӹǻһ㣬лл

̻ش𡣡Ӷ˰ɡȳŵһ£ȥóԵġ
СӲ˼ͷ͵͵ؿĵɫ
ĳЦЦתҪȥóԵģ֮ǰëǿ

СǽǣеǻʿˮЩ֪¿ڣ㶵Ųɢζǻ
ʲô
ǳԵĶͼȴλеż
ûסͷһ¡

־塢˺ͽţһ˲䱻޷Ŀ
ʳһõء

Ķͻľֻ۾ҹèͷӥһСǹǿɰһĻ
ǻСѶĵ̬ǿһٰʮȴת䡣һ̱㾪ϲ㣬
ĿšˣҸˣҪҪԣ
ССһͷá

ԹԵشСվ;СˡëһС
˳Ķ࣬ͷ⡣һ㡣ĵûжʲô
ΪҲ֪ģضѡ
뿴ʲôҲûУֻһƬ¼źͿµĹЩҲϣⲻĻˡ
ĴˣϵͳЭ࣬οСѡ

СĺܹԡĵĻͷԷһĻҲûСЩܺӻҪʳ
Եýζ趯÷ɿ죬ݵڹˡ
ĿԵͶ룬һҲʼԼ緹Զˡ˵ʵǰǸʳСϲϡԴӳԹһСĶ֮󣬾Ͷˡ
гϸһ¹ҪǾ͸ˡüӵΣһ۲ĩζԹޡ
ҨһףĶ϶ڻˡһʲժ߲ڴʱǿζٸܵޱζ
óԣ

ĳԵңһ̧꣬ͷһŻˡ
ôˣǲϲ𣿡ĿСűԼ룬રવصᣬĻš
ǵġ㣬̫óˡ̫óˡһߵŽ𶹶һȴͷչ¶ޱȵ΢Ц㣬㣬̫ˡ

ͣļСڿкģ𾪵˲ҪԼŵֱӴڸһء̻һ㣬۵ĹâЩɢˡ

δǼǿ࣬Ҳ̩ļһ
ΪȻ׷ڰ̩֮ˣ̩֮һ޶ǳŮ

ӦһٰʮŻǳʷɫΪʲôڡȵȣΪʲôŮЦôģ
޷ͻȻӼ
Ϣ֮㿨ˡ




60.  ĵʮ   СǣϿΣС̡


Ϊʲôôأ
, ˵µ겻˽
ֽ䵽ĵļϡ
ʹ˽ľ룬Ҳò㡣
Ҫٽһ㣬һ㡣

ʲô֣Ĳ֪, ûˡȻӦûǳ˵ġ
ҡҽаﰲСػش
ãﰲҽ, ҲԽǡЦŽܡЩҵļ
ﰲСѹɵصͷ, ȴɻˡ

, һЩˣڹ㿴ˣٺܰɡ˵, Щԥ
𣿵ʵĻҲֻˡ
ǲʵĻô죿
һҲǲԡ
ֻǡ

ðﰲһԼ˵ˡ㣬ҺüǰӵѨҼʧˡϵӪûˣֶֿˮ̫ˣ͵ȥˡ

۵СԴͷɿݵӲһɼڵѨǰ, Ҳ̫á
СѲԼȥˮߵġ´ҪСİ

֪ˣ㡣ﰲͷԼ·
ġΪﰲ֮ǰ·Ƶòˡ˳ߴ, ԼģϿ밾ҹͰѹ˹ȥ
Сʲôֱ˵ɡĿ, лҪ˵ֻǲ֪˵ʲô

㡣ﰲĻֻһͷ, ȴ̲סԼ㣬ҡǲѾˣ
۾̲סɳͭˡ
ʲô˼
漴ľˣ̿, Ц

ǽ㣬ʳôóԡҵлľһн㡣ﰲ޵ɰˡôãǲѾˣ
ȻǡĽ§ݹ᾵ļûҲġڻúúõġֻлŵ˲ܳôóԵĶء

ο꣬ĵͷͿﰲ¶ʮ־ıôˣ
ǽ㣬ǰǻŵ𣿡ﰲ˵꣬ͿЦ°ͶҪˡ㣬Цʲô

ûǾɰΪʲôôأЦ
ΪǰûгԹôóԵĶûУﰲնػش
Ϊˡ̿
ֻǶͷѣСѼı飬ΪոճԵȫϯء
ҳԹóԵĶСزòء

Цòˣ°ۡ

Цˣصˡ
ôСأ

˼ء
ȹǾͱˡ
ĵͷһСʨצӼ⹴ȹǵСװӣʲôأ
Ŷǣֵ˰ɡСʨֵ̧ͷ˵
ʲôֵˣһͷˮ

ȻĻİﰲͱͬѧֱӼˡ
СʨֽŲãؼĵĻԼԴ˲ĵֱۣߴٵҲҪëëҲҪ
ĿЦãȰοһ䰬ﰲḧ񱳺ëë𣿡

Сʨ۾гһˣɰĵĶֱһֻè䡣
ֵˣֵˡС¹ͷϵĽǶ˶СʨԲƨɡ
ҪһҪһ¡СʨܵſĵıذռģǲϷš

ë̷ëЧһӵϣİֵҲҪĻĶ߱ը

ķˣֹһСѣһȺСѡ
İﰲҲðˣֱӴݾס
Լ澫ľܣһ´СѾͰ棬˯档
ѵ߹ʱëǻһ档ëϿεʱ򣬽Ҳһθá
һʱ䣬ﰲͳ뵽ׯ԰ȻԲͨģȻܴһë׵Ķͱǵ˼
žСѺë׵ɡ

ֻﻹһЩ
ﰲǺͼʧɢġζӦҪҵˣȥ
ȻļҲҲȱʵԼӦҪԮǡ
һľԼҪӿǡ

Ϊļ˵ر
ڰ֮ǰҪȱǲС
ΪûʲôǸҪˡ

ǣڵʲô𣿡Сſĵļϣ̣ʮ
֣ظҲڵġֻ룬ûб΢ǿһءܱܲأ
ǣǿġҪġСϣվĽǰ棬ŬؽԼϵĴ̶ըëӡ
вͲ˵ˣĿɰ

Сѱ֣µضı֤ǻᱣġǣǻᱣңǵļҵġ

ĸжصͷ

ռƻ㵽ĸëϿεʱ䡣Ȼ;Ϣʱ䡣
Ľ˽ңһëǻ״̬
ǸβͣǸһȱסţдܹһţë׵ֵġë׶԰ճˡ

Сʵǰﰲ֮ǰɶǺѧëô֣ԼϵȴϿˡ
ߵغڵϣʲôҵˡ

ﰲƵ
˳ȥһëסˣСʨƨɵ¡
ﰲشë״ɽȻԥһƨ˴ɽ壬¶СаЦӮ

ϿãĵС֣Ϊ5̽߻ˣ಻ܵ˲ƶССͬѧΡССҰͼϵͳ򿪡
δƼǷ㡣
ҺĵʱëĹԭ򣬰ʲôˡڿɾóˡͼϵͳëϿθպã

Ҫĸë׽ΣҲὲụ́ϾһȺС
׶԰ϿηĵĿҲࡣ
ڵΣʨӡֶĳצӺݶǳҲһơ
Ժ֣ҾͻǿСʨ˵
ǳ״̬ӦþͲϲˡΪظߴＸٽڵˮ̡ʹ꣬СҲ̫仯ԡ
Ļû˵꣬СʨͰڳ˾ɥı顣ĿֱʵСɰѵ¶˵ı飬ذο
Ϊǲ֪[ת]ľЧԣǿܻһֱάģ
Сʨ̾ͻָˡԺܼ~

ﰲԱ߿ʮĽΪëǵĻ״ţҲʮֵź
ˣС㡣ĿɰСϵĽ飬Լʲô
ĸﰲĶһʯһҫС
ǾŸоС³ɹԷǸ粨ļܡ

Ϊæѵ͸ëϿΡׯ԰ҪﶼɾŸָӡڲȫȨ
ŸͰ̽߻·ֳ3顣

1ɾŸоС飬ϾŸһ9Ա
ԱǶĺ;Ÿİ½˳ڴӲȸ죬ɸʺ˼Ƶ͡
СҪоװׯ԰豸ϵͳ˳Ҳθ̽߻ṩ

2ϴĺС飬ϣһ49Ա
һĳԱǸֿнĽȵȣҲׯ԰е֧
˳һᣬëҲһıԱżҲŰСװϿһë׵֡磬СѻæأСˮ̡æˮ

3շۼܵͬѧ졣һ24Ա
Աԭı߻ˣѺ±߻ˡһĳԱװҺ̬򣬺оСоĸװ
ĿǰıԱ

ô˵Ҳе㲻ԡ
һ˵
ĿǰСҪѵ

̫ˣ۵ſڵϣһָҲˣꤣҪвɢ

ںͿʼȸޡȰгϸ˿ټӵۺϣѹɱıȻͼýִࡣ
ÿһڴСǰκͺں
ô˵ɣׯ԰Ĵűȥ߽ѲߵСʨܲõ޳
ˡ

еľһӸոճ
ҪĻһھܳɻɵٶȳȥǲҵǣոձȫѵѹե÷κۡ
ƫƫ˿顣ǣٲĻǾˡʱһûˡ

˰˵ɤɳˡ
ȻԼҪϸѵģû뵽Сһ㶼ˮŸ統ʱûôࡣ
˸ۡڣпѹե㡣

ѹեңζһ뵽Լٲ˵ʳ˿ɾͲóˡ
Բܱ
һ뵽ƴӵһ·ĵسץסˡǱҲӣȴ̧á⼫ˡ

Ƶ̾һǵģѾۣᷭѧ̾ˡ
һֱֻסģһ̵ֻֽݵĵߡ
˲ллС

ʾûκηӦƽû˿أװӲĻȴܱġ
С̡
ţ̣
˵ˡ




61.  ĵʮһ   еʳ

̫óˡ
һһ, ͼĶǺóԣرóͻζһֶص̻
ΪѵһϢ˲ʹˡһ

˵, ͸ϽԼԡһĿȴʵһһι, رСעⲻ̵
İһ̳һ, СʨëײŸϵ
, ҲҪԡСʨֱֵײ֮˳ȥҺסˡ

ĵθ, ʣµľͷָëˡ
ҲҪιСʨſ졣
ʣµëҲѧһ죬һѵȳԵĳ

ط˸ۣСһšԼԡֲû֡
СʨԼСצӣҿֱʵػش𡣡ûа
һëԼɫСצӡ
ȷʵⶼ֡
ҭסˡ

ι
ҲҪι

ﰲ߹һë׵ļ, Ȼ˵ĻҲ˳ӵһ, ɵصš

̿Ц֪ʲô, ͸
ҲһǺóԵġҪǺġﰲشûһ˿ԥ
ҲԶԡ
˵̫еˡ

Դڵʲôﰲһʡ
ëצָǰ
ﰲʱҲ¶ʹһ顣

ǿ챻Цˡ
, β˵ιͲιֱ˵ĿϢСʱ, ȥѲˡ
ĿûôӲĳһСɰ۰Ͱ͵飬̾ЭˡһһιﰲʱЦ˵һ
ﰲߵպˣſɰСƻҧסЩڳݲصлллǽ㡣
Ц˵꣬ͻȻؿһͷһȻè̲֪ʲôʱˡ

ḛ̀ϣżɰˡ
СԴԲԲβͣЦޱȲáСɰѽ˯ҪҪ
~èлĶҪڻˡ
̫ɰˡ
ֺúõһ飬Žȥѵ

èжɰ
ѵжɶ


ĵѵ緹ǰڽˣʹĥ緹ر𡣵ȻɶҲϵ緹ҲԺóԡ
ĺһë׽ʳá
˵Ͳòһ½õʳýˡڲӵʵ̫ĵϲˣʮͯɰ

ʳǵһϵнͨСӹɡ
ߵСݡ
ǽǻͱɣݶƬǺɿǻţǣܱѩ׵˪ǸɫĴ󵰸⣬ɳа˸ߵĄ̇ϰŵֲԣǲʺ綹ѿǡ֭ġ
Ҳǹ̶ġͻ仯ʽˡ
Ϊ

ꡣ
ꡣ
˵ҳʱ򣬶Ҳ˵˵ɡ
ꡣ
˵
ǡţǽھȻǼıɣ̫óˡϲͼġ

ûСĿԳԵġΪѨҲϵͳƿصģҲõ⡣
Ŀĵؿӣġζޣִ಻˵ĺҺ֥飬һȥ㼫ˡ

ֱеݡ
ĵе졣Ϊ̫óˡ
Һǲ䷳ؽ죬ʱʱ֡

ʳõǲʳõ
мɰԲľ״ʳõԲϻ̵̦޺ԲľʳñĶССˡ
ټ²óɭΪԲľʳþ͸ԼʵСĸо
ĲõҲľͷģԭľɫš
ëҲзԼ߶ȵĲλͲ;ߡ
ڰﰲҲԼССˡΪҲѾһԱˡ

ľЩֵèôϲһò͡ſĻӲҪһſϳԷ
вϵģǵָ˹СӡСԹԣǸ֡
~èСצӱסĵָǲ˼ػ˻Ρ
ιһ̶⡣

һ߽ζ̶èһ۰ﰲ
ߣ

ʳϵеһǽǵִ
̽߻ǵʳãҲǴͳ׮ʮӿڣ㹻ְϢ̽߻˳Էˡ
ľֻиɰͰ͵һӿʵ̫ªˡⲻƽϺ;ŸȻ˵Ҷ⣬ĻǼְÿӿڵλãװγĲλ
ӣӣÿӿڲϻڷ˿ɰĻƿװëǻᾭȥԲժ䣬װ̽߻ǵĲ
󷴵ǽǵִʳóʻƯ

Ŵŵʻ̲סЦ
ۣǣСʨͣ̾סͣ¶ŵС顣
ţͷһ
Ŷ

ཷ֮ǰ˻ʹ¼ļ⽷ͬѧúҲѹ¶ŵıˡ
˵£һ̿
֮ǰûζΪϵͳвףʳҲʮֿɿζֻżǻֵĲ׻档
⽷Լ
һ죬νʳֵһ졣





62.  ĵʮ   һ˶ᡭ

ĳ˷ʢ緹, ֿʼճ̡
ƽһգ細һá
ĸëſΣһеȻÿô, ǽǸˡ
ȥ棡

һëҲе񣬴һС, ˽
һĽ̨
ë׶Щµضһ, ̰, ԹԵšСʨĶ䶼۶èһԴˣһҪѵ˺ÿµĸо

ĸϽЦŰ¡ҾýĿϵͺˡ
ëȴϵذڳ˲Ըı顣
Ļ֣¿λãҪǰϿϵһ, ʦ˵¿ΰɣԵһˡ
ȻѧϰϿΣʱȥ棬һ˸˵ɡ
Ϊʲôëôһ飿

ֱʵСʨ˵˿ڡǣҪȥѵ߹𣿡
Ŷԭ
̲סЦ⡣ԭ᲻ıҲûҪǷֿһ뵽ҶôϣͶԷһвɵؾĿָС
Ⱥϲ˴һֵ飬ǺԼϲҲϲԼǴһ

ȻᡣĶ˶٣Ҿٿׯ԰һ˶ᡣ
˶᣿ʲô, óԵģСʨ¶Сèıˮֱ
ĴЦǡǳһ

ﰲѵõػ֡
áС, ˵˵֪˶ʲô𣿡Цеص
ܲԶ˶ܳơﰲ˵ͷͷǵ, ֱȿʼʱö, ˵Ҳˣ߼Ҳ
ȻСѾҪ׶԰һźá
ĸô룬Ϳצצһŵëǡ, СͯӸС

Դ佱С˵úܰҪе˶档
ô棿ëǹĽűߣĵҡ˵˵
úúãȵȣдĿһһ˵İԴŴëѳ
ĸհѽһ̧ͷͿŵĻеԴеĺЦС
Ȼ̽߻ǲûʲô飬Ļǿһڴ
̿ЦİɣҶԲμӡһúƵġ

ׯ԰һ˶ʽС
Ϊ̽߻˺ëףаﰲ֮޴࣬ѡһЩıĿǻûʲôȤˡ
Ϊǽʾ֭ѡĿ

һִ
ڶ´ܡ
ˮ»
ûôõıĿȤ;ʡ

ִ׼ʼĳ䵱С
Ŀ˭ϲ˭ӮˡȻ̽߻ǵǿë͸С״ӿ϶굽ϲ㡣
˫òɽӣѹҵȣұסͷһš
ԱЦǰ󷭡
һСͬѧﰲ΢Ĳ˵ڶǱϣ̽߻ǻմë

ڶǲ´ܡΪչëǵĴʻĿĴҲϹĿġ
ġͳһۿαݣ뵽˴𰸾Ϳյˣһյ߲дʻľʤߡ
ϷԷ档
̽߻ܵÿģ²ıȻʽµÿģܲ졣
ëضĵԵ粨

ʡ족Ŀ˼ڤϰ죬֪ôȻԲе˸ӵժϣϵĶ
Ȼһ룬ľ;Լ̫ˡ˵̽߻˺ëףԼ£Ҳ²ôĽ
ӦñȻȲŶԡĿ붼ܳȥˣ뵽ȷıȻʽ
ʣµŲµתʼܡһͷСʨ񶼵յˡ
Ļǲ²ԵġϾһʼȻϡ
û뵽ĵСʨһӾͱȷ𰸡죡

ӣôµģԼˡ
㲻ǳϵȻ찡СʨϰضĵԵ粨
Ķʱʶһ㡣˼ʽëĲ𲻴
ء

ַȻˡǾ͸Цˡ
Сʨ⣬ڸ̨ǰĶ
ģ͵Ϯԣоﲻԡ

Ļû뵽ڵĶȥˡϽץŬ룬ɴһһ˼
˸
һ͵Ϯ
Сʨҡͷһ
ڶС¹飺ԣ
Сʨ¶Цٺٺ٣´ˡ

ģıѡ𰸶ˡô죿
ǣֵشһСʨشߴٵ
ֻӲͷƤش𡣡ʨӣ
¶ˣСʨҲգˡҾ֪ܲµյ׾Ұ

С¹鿹Ϊʲôʨѽ
ȫûϵ
ĴӴ𰸷ơ͵ϮԾÿ˵ʨӵճҪһ㡣
ǵȻǱݵľʨӱʨСʨشЦⶼ²

С¹һۣһۣһͷ˭µõǵ˼άʽ̫ˡ
ĬĬ
ΪԼòµõйأŶҲô˵ԼͲµˡΪԼ˼άʽͬᡣ

ǵˮ»
еǴϷķʽûʽһˮ»ȻδƼѾ˿Էˮϡ
ֹ߾Ե̫ʽҲеˡ
˸⣬ǾӾصĳصһϸɳɳӻ
˳һɴӾرСͺ̲ϸİɳһ¾ǹڣˡ
ΪһŬԹ̽еĺܿ졣

Ϊ9һ飬һ12顣
Ĳμӵһ飬ԱϡŸ硢ﰲСѵȵȡҶصǰ˻ȻŬز²⣬־ԭ
Ȼʮǧˡ
ĿСɳϻһСԲ룺Ȼѣ⻹Ҳһ۹ʵԷһСÿԲȦλöѧѵĻ
ſһСʨ񻭵ľȻͱŤŤȻܰԲȦãѾǺܰĲѡˡ

һľŸ磬Ȼׯ԰ĵͼ
ôģ
İ˼⣬о벻ͨĹ⡣

˼ǡ
ǾȻˣĳԾõɴ۾
Ϊʲô

һھǴҿɵؿĻ
˳ԼĻȥȻֻеһϺһľŸ续ׯ԰ͼмĴҶǸӡ
оǼһĸпꡣ

һ˶ҲĻ
ÿһμ߶˽ƷԼҲһðɣоС³ɹմɼһĴָմޡ
մ޻˹װιȹ׻֡1ԺٿᣬƷϾͿ̸2

ĸ˵һ˶ܽᣬڶˡ
û취Ϊĺܺ氡
ҲǺϲĴһԲʲô㹻Ȥɡ
ĵ̲ס̡

úܾˡҲۡ
룬òǻûҪȻͽ쿪ʼðɡ
þϴСʨͬѧˮ¼ĺĵʱǴˮˮϴġ
ʱĻ̾ͽ
þӦ˶

ҸؽԼݽˮȻҪá
žણ
һ޴ˮһ
ӣòˮ
ǣҵˮ

ţëһ𣬾ãҲˮ԰û
ǣ㲻𣿡Сʨֵ˵գ۾
Ĵģ




63.  ĵʮ   ·ء

һ, ֮ϣ֮С
ëҲصԼС˯β̽߻Ҳæµ, ԼС
ׯ԰عڻԭİ֮С
ֲֻȻغͷ

ﰲ˯ԺͻȻЩ򼱵˹, оЩӨӨع֡
˴, ̧ͷһ, ǽĴͷȻһŶˡ
ԣǲࡣ
Ϊ˲ɢӫ⣬ҿЩ͸
ǽ㣡ﰲæġ

˯̫, ˰۾⻹ôѵԭϰߣѲ
ʲô۾ǰ͸ĶʧڿˡΨµҶ㡣

ﰲѹæ͵ǽ㣬Ŀոиڡûƭ㡣
šҲ㡣
ֹǿζı仯йߡ

ĵׯ԰λڵ¶ѨûȻߣҪ߿Ƽ̫ҹҹ·ơ
ҶϢʱ, Ϊ˽ԼԴͻ·ƹرաеҪͿԵԼСҹơ
ҹׯ԰һƬġֻҹǳһĹ, ǵׯ԰ĸ

˯ʱϲﲻĹ߲
й⡣̧, оĻһĹۡȷʵʲô
ûκҲ, Էʱǳ֡͵ȲСˡ

װ侲ض԰ﰲ˵û£С֪ˡ˯ɡ
ﰲϾֻǸС, ԥһ£Ǳƽı˵
û£˯ɡͷظͷ˯

ԼһûҺۡ
һŵĻĳ㡣
ֻǡֻǡðɣֻҪ˯հˡ

ڶ֪µľŸϼӰӵϳһ·ӣװ˸־ͼ¼ǡǸﰲݵİ͸Ķٴγ֣һҪڵһʱץס
ŸΪ˰ԼҹϢĵصҲĵⷿҵĸڡ

û֮ǰŽԼصķȻһﶼסĶӣסڿʼʱС
֮ǰòлĿռ䣬ȴΪԼּ˵ط˺õΡ
ΪʲôҪǿأΪĺáˣҲȫݵʲô仯ǰװ˷ĵĻᡣ

·ӣҪȰĵķӽġ
Լݿ˯ˣׯ԰ġαҪԼ˯Сء
ԣľһֱֻ15ƽ׵

һ·ӣøɡ
Ϊ˸Ľ·ӣׯ԰˶ΪҶϣΪǵ¾ӹԼĵӣ
ĵĶС¥24СʱδƼʹһİˡ

ǰ߰ǽС¥̲ס¶˻ϲر顣̫̫ϲۿеˮסӿ
۴ԽΣǴϵĳĻ֮еġ

ǣϲ𣿡Сʨֱʣ˺һβֹѾʳˡ۾ˡǲϲ𣿡
Һϲỹδɣչ¶ޱȵ΢Ц̫ϲˣԲŻᡣڽ㣬иϲ

ֵĳСʨһͷˮСצԼëԴţȫԴǰǣȥǸ׼˾ϲ
ӣô˵С¹ȥѹϡëҲ״ȥһë״ɽͶǰ

ЦֱһȺ
Ҳûôҵ̫ã̾ʹ˽ˡ
˵оϲڵ֪ʲô
ʵ߰ǽС¥һȦդΧĻԣԺͤѾľϲˡ
ֲãڽʱ˭Ҳ֪

ۡʵؾϲ
ɲΪ˹˼ҵ˵ģǳĵϲ
ʱ֣ͬʱ޷໥⣬Ͳͬʱȴͨ
ⶰǴﵽ⣬ÿһϸڶ׼ĵϲáǹŽȴִװޡ

ӷΪ㡣
һ¥ŽǿĿĴɳ˸ˬĲϯǽߵľװ˸ɫƽʱõƷ̽߻Ƕúˡ
һǻ˿ʽԼ򵥵⿡⵱ȻΪʱ׼ġİҹˣҹá

ͳԳƵһ߽䣬һת¥ݡΪ˷¥˿ɵ綯ġ
¥϶¥ȵִһȡ

Ƚ¥Ϊ֣ţǾˡ

վλ˵ֱߵĵһ䣬ĵ鷿
ȻѾ˶ĹңһΣһܣһƬСռ䣬һ˵ȻǱҪġ

鷿ڵķ䣬Ҳֱߵڶźķ䣬ǿͷĿǰݶɰﰲסΪСѻ̫СˣĲһˡ

ȵֱֻһ䡣ĵˡ
ֻ15ƽ·ӹҾ30ƽ
Ǵ˵Ŀָаɡ
ĻȸԾԭر

ֻһŴһŸߴ¹񡣺ԵףΪԼ׼ġʲôʲô
ĵСɰǡ

ǣŸ硢ϣǲ˵һס𣿡ɻ漴ǲԸϢɡ
ûСŸҡͷ

ȻɷϣǿʼʱҲô˼ġ˾һҾߣﶼûйϵ
һ뵽Ļôش𣬵Ͱˡ
һġ
Ȼˡ

ȻڳȴΪʱཱུı飬еĿ֡
غͰۺʱ˵

ҹϢĵطŸһһţ¶ⱳħһ֮һء

ۣôô󣿡СʨȲȳ˽ȥص̽
Ҳ˽ȥҲܺ棬濴ء

ﱾƵñ䡣Ͻ͵·̫࣬һͷŲ¡Դ󲿷ֻڲֿ⡣ˡ
Ŀűжܷ䣬Ӧú޹ϵŶԡ
Դӷ䣬ľͺ˷ܡ

ϾĸжûлԼ³ͨĳ
ţδҲһ
˸ĿƼ豸ɵظпֻʱŻԼĴԽС

šﻹԳ硣ָһԼ;ŸרӿڡΪ˷ֹ㱧ԹǻƳɿĴǡܿ˰ɡ
Ҫϲִʵִն˯߸áŸҲһؿյ

ҿ˿Ϻ;Ÿ磬ֿ˿˫˴һ˫ӿλ᲻۷
ģоڼ֤ʲôɸ˵ܡ

ΪʲôɵģСʨֱʳ˴ҵ
Ÿͬػش𡣡Ǿ𣿡

ģ
Ÿ˶٣ƽز䡣ķѵĲϺռõҲ١Ƚϻ㡣
ǵƺûв




64.  ĵʮ   Դ

ӵ˺·ӡ
Ҫִ, ٶǮҲ򲻵ɽˮĶ
һ뵽ֱ֣ǹСӣǹ껹Լ, ĸĸԶپܳԶ١
ֻáַˡˡ

Ե˺ܲ¿Ӹ͸Nˡ
ڶ˯ñĶɽһĹ嵥, ȻѵûиеͷۺΪѡΪ, ɵÿһ¶ΪԼ, ΪԼǣʲôԸġ

ȻҪܶ, ۽̶ȣһ±ᵽǰ档
ü޲ᣬׯ԰ҲؽҪ
ԴʯĽüͷеıʶص棬Ǽٵսһڼžķﳹ졣

Ŀǰׯ԰еﶼԴʯԴ֮ϡ
ҹ̫ƺҪõ豸˵ׯ԰ҪԱ̽߻Ǿ벻Դ
ĿûпƼԭʼ
޷ԼǣЩһŬ԰ʤ߼̽ԶĳĬ֮С

ֿԴʯӦû֧¡ǲ豸¡Ÿ罫ĸҪдڰװ, μӻĳԱο
ͶӰ򵥣ʡһԴһ㡣

ңԶ, һ뵽غׯ԰ˣľ;úһɽѹǻ, ѹ
Ĳɵظп, ֪걻ѹָɽµĴʥġһ춼Լ
첻óȷеĽ취Ŀ϶û취˯ˡ

ȣǸﰲִֵڷԵòôҪˡ
ı߻˶Ѿ, ҲûҵǼһκټԾͰµҪѹˡ
Ҳû취顣

ŸǷһ飬ʲôطܹԼԴģʱȹرˡûлԴʯǰԭʼİ취档
Ѿ͵մԽʲôԼˣ˼侲ԼĽ顣
ŸӦ󣬵оԱ

Դ
ֻʱ䣬ûа취⡣
ԴʯֻһĵҵȶԴղ֡
ǷɴѾȥˡ
ЩϲĵˣǷɴӦҲûдԴʯѹˡϾϴȥѾѹεúϸˡһֹһȥȡԴ

Ϸ˵ˢµԴѾˡ
Ҫ̽ͼ
šһ̿ʼ֣齨̽顣
ʵϣڿǰѾ;Ÿ֮ǰ̽߻̽ϵĵ¶Ѩͼ쿴һˣûƵĿ󶴵ʡ
ˡ

һֻ֣̽ķΧҲ̽ȥĳһҵԴʯǱȽϺõĿܡ
һ־ͱȽˡǾϲûȻԴʯ
һ뵽ϳĻĮ͹ʲôҲûУĲ²Ͳɵػһߡ

ûУĵҸͻһɳӣôŬȥץնŶȥ
жô֣ʧȥһ̣͸жʹ;

һѵҵͷƵ̾һеǧٲˡ
еСʨԹԼͣչһȸոյʸԾشеˣȥϡַˡӦø⡣
һк̽ʳ˵עⶼ˹ϼæƶôˣ

ĸϽֽ͵ûУûУûзա
ȻԲ͡Сʨһ˵꣬ڳ˵ı鶼̽ˡ
ϸǿţһѽıܡҽҩ

û¡û¡ôͣûĻ
ΪǳԻģǷθڻõòУ˯ԺҲܿһƻľȻ˵ԼԲ¡
ׯ԰ֱҪһ
ѹڴǿϢļбĵ۸УЩЦáû¡

ȻļԼû£һ˵еع£ĲòϴϢȵ󲿶뿪Ϻ;ŸҲȥСӿڴ硣
һŵ͵͵ɻ
ֹȥҹС˵ĸо
ŬŽ⡣

ǺȻŽûá
ĵĿѵõ˳ơ
ô죿

ƴ˼֪ԼҪȥץһһ㣬翵ĸо˲סͷؽᣬȲʵذ
ʱ򣬴ĵ̽һ֦⡣
ɢŵӫ⣬˵Ŀ
̾ͷˡ;Ÿѵ£ѧᾯŵס̽ط֦⾹Ȼ[]

Ĵ򿪴ѹԺ[]˵Уʲô𣿡
ûСֻ·[]˵꣬Ȳ֦ǽڣ˶¥ĴһȲҶĵĶͷ̡
仰̲סЦˡšû¡

Ŷû¾û°ɡ·[]˶٣˵һš
Ҫȥļ׷ʡ
ֻǳȥתת[]ԥһ£˵߹ĵطĵͼϿõ𣿡
Ȼ[]ͨسţרΪĵǵԴһ£ȥ̽ͼ
ЩӲȴˡ

ĵ˵ͷõУҪһ˳ʵԺ̽һ𡭡
ˡ[]ĵĻĵıЩµزҪԴСֻҪɹ̫Ϳˡ
̫ҲҪԴſ˵꣬͵صɴ˫ۣඥУ뵽취ˡ
˼ͣһ[]һͷˮ뵽ʲô취ˣ

ϲԼšôû뵽ء̫ˡ
[]εֹ֡ˣ㶼˵˹˻ġ
֣[]һӵллС뵽Դİ취ˡ
ʲô취ľŸͬʡ

Ҳӣ˵˳̫
̫Ÿʳڵͬʱ߼Ҳó˽ۡ˵̫ܡ
ûǵ˼άֻ뵽Դʯȱȴû׷ݵıʣԴʯȱȶԴĵ˼תԽԽ졣
ĿѹŵʯͷҲĻһһŲˡ
ֱǻȻʡ

ԴʯȷʵȶԴǻͨȡԴ̫ܡܣûȻˮԴȻˮҲǺܲѡ񡣡
˵꣬ȴŸϵĳɡ

Ÿԥһᣬû˵ڡ
[]ȴһõ롣ôȡ
̫ܰͷ糵硭˵˵ţԼľ޴⡣

ûӦ豸
ӦǿԿ˷İɡ
ĽڴĿͶŸ硣ڿǼδҮܲⷽ治ԽǰǿƼɡ

ЩԭʼԴȻȡķѡ˵̫ܰͷ糵磬ͼݵԴҲἰҪԭѡ
Ÿû˵̸꣬˵

Ÿ翴˸߲ҵģϸһ߼򣬲ŽпʵǰʵϣЩԭʼԴе豸䡣
仰һ˼Ҳԡ
̽߻޷ʹЩԭʼԴ

Ϊʲôļѵؿѯʡ
ѾԴˣΪʲôã
ŸƺҪνͣмĺ蹵

ľӰתëǿɰ׶δƼԣе֪ʶҲˮ׼
Ҳ͡

Ÿ벻취ֻ˵ǣԴʯṩԴԽʳǾ⿵ġ̫ܡһԭʼԴǵӣֻԭϡûа취ֱӳԡ

ֻҪ֮󣬲ʳ𣿡ļ׷ʡܶԭʼԴоϸӹ𣿡
ܻһЩġŸ˳ϵ˼·Ž͵ģĴڡǰԭʼʱڿܻѾ޷һˡ

ôľɥˡΪԼ뵽Ǹĺ⡣û뵽һʼһ·

ͣļϵСΥط񶶶
ǰ·

ͷɥע⵽С㣬ں𣿵Ϊʲôȵȣʲô𣿡
С´ڶ

òߵϵͳ棬һĵǰ̾Ϳ




65.  ĵʮ   Ǹ

[Դܹ]һܵơ
ŹεǸ²һθԴ
ϵͳṩһа̫ɺ, ɵüֱδԼΪԼƵģ˵֪ʲôΪƵġ

Ȼɻ󲻽⣬Ҳû̫档
ϵͳʲô, ܽĿǰˡ

[Դܹ
֪ͣʶͼ
˵ԴδƼĻһеս, ҲһеĿʼϧõκԴܰúÿһԴﾡá
Ҫ֪ʶ㣺10000]

ϵͳ˵ͷԡ
Ĳ, ܺػһ, 10000֪ʶһ[Դܹ]̺;Ÿ統о
鷿̾ó

ϿŻ谵ɫŵһר־ɻԴ, ֪ĵĴҹǱȵˡ
̬
ҲûȰ˵תͷµһ¥ĳΪҹ

[]ûߣҲûгǣֻǰ˴ߵװ

ҹЩơ
ҵоһڵ㣬ͣһӣŷԼ˶ٺ鷿ĵȶǴˡոնûء
ȣŸָָͷĺ飬еЦ˵
ڸоˡĻءôູովȻûио̫ˡȡ

Ӧһܲ, ˵ȣԼͷаѻ, յԽӶðˡⶼҹˣôôȣ
Ϊû˯ĹϵŸһ, ԺĽøˡ
ĵóĽۣǰҹͷͺ, ᵼĻʢо巢ȡ
ŸΣҸո˵ģͷͺ, һ㶼ߡ

Ե㶫ɡۡ϶һˡ
ϲ˹ȥллϡ
̫ˣպֿʣͷԷͣϢһ¡οĻʺۡ

Ŀĵؽӹ۵Ĳ룬ûӾͱĺ𾪡
͸Сﶳ޵Ѹɡ۵Ĳݮɵȸֹɣ֭ﻹ˻֥飬СԲӡ
ĲϲԾȴϲ;СԲӡһû뵽һͨͨһӾͷСԲӵĴ䷨ӡʵĲˡ

ֻǽûб
һھ֪ˣҲ֪ϳԵ̫áûбֱơտû̿ȱֱ̾
һ顣һ˵ţһ߼ܲס۰Ͱ͵С飬óһСӵ

ļգ۾ϵֱһ
Ǿּܲ͡סͰˣŸһٿֹˡû˰취ƵһĵԴԹѱͰˡ
԰ɡȻȥ˯Ÿ˵꣬̾ҡͷܾǻûнչء
˯ȥŸѺʹǰǺĻеͬˡ˵ᣬĵƤ鲻Խس

ſ۾Ӳǽһ۳˸ɾϴ˯

̫ˣȻ
[Դܹ]ĵڶָоǲ̫⣬ҪʾŸ˼С
ĹҲóԡоСԲӻĻ´ɿ֪᲻óԣ
[Դܹ]ļʵںǰĲһ֪ܲҵһ͵ļ⡣
ۡ

ڴ˼ҵһ飬Լ֪Լʲô˯ˡ
ʱ̫ƶѾչֳһ㳿ˡ
ڴߵ[]ŷ˯ģɵسһ

ҶЩΪʲôÿֶӲˡ
ҲûҪһôûҵء
㡣

˵գ[]һ㵭̹⡣
ļϵĹҲͬӦһ㣬ɢӨӨ̹⣬ǸҺɫˡûȴȻлﴫ
ǱͲ񡣡
[]Լڴ̨ϵ֦ȫջأƵػشһ䣬뿪ˡ
Լ˵Ļ뷴Ƿʲô

ŻҺɫ꣬ſյĴòƵĻӦ
ҲֻҪһˡ




66.  ĵʮ   ĵδ

ıŸѹ˯һ
һҲȡ
һӵ޷˯, ˯СʱϢɫҲ΢ûôˡ

ƭ, ǣչĻ񡣡Сʨ², ͷش, Ȱ˵, ˯һɡ㿴һҲȡ
һҲȣӺͿϰŷӦȵȣȣ

ֱӰСʨסӴĵ, ȥ¶ȼơ25棡ŵ㡣
ζʲôζϿ
Ĵϵͳ棬ȻʾѾӻȵ̫ΪŵķҶˣӣˣˬ졢յ졢ʳ죡
ǸܺóԵĶСʨͷܽᡣ

ϹڵĿˣھ仯ˣ˵ûĽضԼĻ̲סָŴİʯ񡢴ˬź
ȻúóԡСʨÿһ֣͵һͷ, ŲèƵʿˮ
Ĳ˵˵ǳӾǲɻȱġӷ, Ӹ⡣˵󣬾һƬʿˮ

һ̧ͷ, һӵëŵڵ, Դ¶ģ
ıҶ̿Ц֮ɫҲȸ𴲵ʱÿ˲١ãǸϽְɡ
šëǰӵĸճ, ͱ־Ÿסˡ

ҪȥŸﻹһˮûأ͹ȫëһ¡
¸ҵСʨȻµҪǼ˵˳˵ܺóԡȥ
Ȼ͵Ļ߼ҵһͿǾŸҲˡ

ҪȥְŸԥȷϵ
ʯ񡣡С¹鲹
źСϡ
졢Сûס
ԻڶʳִϾô֣¸ηһǰ

ǿԣǲСŸ㲻飬һѿľͰشȥˡ˯ֻ˯Сʱ𣿡
ֻһΣôġĸϽסŸֱۣ󡣡Ÿ~ҲȥҪһʱԵʳڸ˯

Ƕ˯һûµġŸ磬ǺһȥëҲŰæ顣
һȥǽ档ûǿɾǴĹˡ

˯Ÿ˵꣬ذë׸ϳ˷䡣ǵϻǹءϽ
~ⰧҰ
Ҳཱུһ

ˮŸ粻ɫؽıӵݹȥ
ȻܾҲĿڿˡ
ϰҹָ𴲣͸ɵƤͷɳĮƴԷȱˮźš

ıҲǻΪԼˣˬضһȻһšᣡ
һٷְԭ֭ԭζˮȻ˴Ϊζǡô˵ɣ൱ڰե֭

ǽ³Ĺʵ˵֭ӪڡûлĹʵ·ϴλϹ֭ĲҾ硣Ÿ翴ǿͰ͵ӣϽǹ⡣
ĺǹ˵Ҫ#%ܳζͺˡ
ҲϣŸ̲ס˵ôһ䡣
ĿǱ֭ˣ˼·˲١

ұΪҲءϾԶҲܸǲԴһ˵һ˳˼·롣ȵȣʵӦöʵֲŶԡ
ĴӴŸ綼סһ·¥ȥҡŸ磬㡣뵽һܰĵӡ
ЬӣЬӡŸںЬӣ׷ͶĵСѧȥϿεļҳ

£ǳһͷо֮У˵˯ˣԷ˲ϡ
ŸסԱ߶ʱ䣬ιӪ̫˯ûΪ̫רע¡

ˣˣĴһȻеĶֱƽڵϣͷ˯ֱ͸ϵһһĳĺ

Ӧþǰٿȫ˵С˰ɡŸһЦǺһ߰æʰɢҵĸֽ
㰡סεЦЦȽıȥϣǺñӣŻæһʰ⹤һ飬Ҳ̲סЦȦ

ŬˡûгɹŸ˵⻰֪밲οģǰοԼǻ˵أȴˡ
ô˵һ룿ϴչ뿴ŸǲѵõĶϵˣȴͬ˾Ÿһֽ

ʲô֪֪ж鰡Ҷæˡׯ԰󷳵ùǺ
ԼѲ߶ӵҲһأû˼Ҵ湤
ؽ˹ңҲûȥ

֮ǰ˵ģׯ԰ڷΪࡣȫװĹׯ԰йϣз͸װš
̽߻ȻڸɲְͬܣԭʼͺŶһġڲһԹͨ
Ծׯ԰鷳ָͨʾ

Ȼ磬еͣûκλظ
ʲôˣ̽߻˽ĳɴ̳ˡ
Ҫȥɡһ̽߻ʿĵĹңҪѯʡûġ
֮һһ
ĵĹҾڶһһԵʮ̽߻ˡ
ڽҵòССĿ켱ˣֲƶѵַʲôˣǵϮԴ׿ղˣ

պã[]ӽ·
УҡССϽץסһȥҪʧҲϣܺʹһˡ
[]ȴ֪ʲôþûлش
ˡʹһ𡣾ǻҲҪһˡСС˿־ͱˡ
ǵģеӦЩ
ڱ谮һ̣ѾĻеССССһҲű˵Ļŵ顣

[]հС֦
лл㡣ССͬһ˵

á[]û˵ڵĻһ䡣

ΪǶһ
ԸڲѤ֮лҲԸԹ¶㡣
رǣûĵ㡣

ˡСС[]Ĺ
СӱҲֻһ˵Ĺңڶ̽߻ˣɲӵ
Ϊʲô˵[]ֻù졣
½ССڿͶӰǽڵĶ֮Ҳһĳ֮С͸Źˡ

ǲǱ˰ɡ[]˶٣һ̧ͷҲסˡ

ȷʵǺĳ򲡶
ⲡ֣ͽġ

ʳԴתζٳ򡭡[]ȴɵظ̡
ǲ˵ļһ
ʹûоЩµȻǼȶĹ켣ǰ
㰡Ů¡




67.  ĵʮ   ̽߻Ρ

ҵͷأ
ȵ, ˡҵġ
˭ҵˣ
϶ԻǷʲôĵĹԱ½ҡ

ԴоĿ
һܹƷζζٳ򡣴Ӵܸͻڰ, ٷְٴե֭
̽߻Ҳܳ˵ĴҸֵʳˡ

ʳýҲ˴䶯
ƷСԲöһƯСݺ󣬵һƷԼʳ
ǰϵı̫, ҲֻΪ, ˱֡
ʵ, Ǽ֮ǲ糱Ҳر𽫻ʳﶨΪ׼ӪƷûСʳ

ȻϽŰֵıƤ̶ժ, ҧһڡ
ǰֻװõĴݣһó
ҲǵһΣ¶˾ȵı顣۾̲ס͸Цģ˵һúóԡ

Ĵʻ⿨ˣŸƵɿƬԼװԴҵβŽ͡
ҺãֻϺ
Ÿεؿʼ׽ɿɿ˲, ıˡ۾̲סɴ̲ס
Ļе, Ҳ֮ڻʳôĴڰɡ
ǲŻÿγԷ¶Ҹı顣
ð

ôϺѯʡϾ, ҪõҲ顣⵱ȻûʲôС˼
šŸ˼, ֱֱػشóԡ
̲סˣ͵Ц
ոջ˵, Լһ
ʻ⡱ǹ

ʳõԲľʳúԴʳúϲˡ
ںϳһʳãëǺ̽߻һ𣬸֣еòʱ⡣
ϵͳʳм䴩ȥЩСû뵽δÿնῴĳôͻԼǰ
ðֵʱ⣬ȥŮµͳ֮£ֱ㡣

ƵشʳãɹңĵĹҡͣǽٵҶϣæµġ
վźüŶӵ̽߻ˡ

ǣҪɫ飬ɫͷ50̽߻ԼҪòҪȾŸߡ
Цֽϼ¼ѯȥǻҪûеĻҾɷ
šллǡ˵껰̽߻˸ȥ֮ǰֲһ䡣ˣԵĻҪǻϲĳࡣ
ҵȻϲ㰡ĺԥػش
Ȼһı̽߻˻ųȥˡ

̽߻֮ǰûǵġҾҲǾʵõķߡ
ȻиԭǣǺµο֮󣬷עǸĲ֡
ĵļˣҪΪͬࡣ
ǵҲܼ򵥡ܹƷϲʳܹһʳΪС
ѾͬˣӵкͬǸã
ȻϲòǾ͸ˡ

Ľ˰ǵΪôҶ⣬ⰤѯʴҶԼǵƫá
û뵽

ȫ̽߻˶׼ˣȫµòࡣ
ſë׺Ͱӵˡ
Ļſһ̺úĵƹ⣬͵̨㿪ȵȣʲô
Ӧ÷ְɡʲôأ
Ŀ˼ǼĸʶȻеֻҪ׾ܲŸļǵõĵʵٵĿ
ϰ죬뵽ˡ

ǡӡɡ졣

ȻһһװϵĴȾ̤Żĵӣ˳ź̺ǳˡ
ëشȥ
ۣø߰Сˮ̡Դͷ̧̫ˣԴС
СͷǽɫġͼϵͳҲпкܶͷɫСѺѯʡΪʲôҪɫͷأ
ǻʡһһ鿴ģЦ

ҵ۾ͷһܺںܺڡáС¹ԼӲ˲Сʨ񡣡ǻͷ̫ϧˡ
ܽͷɡСʨСצԼš˵ӦýëȻǺɫҿӣӦûͦ˧ġ
úŶСҲѧʹһҲҪȾͷǺܿϧؾܾˡСӼҼȾʲôͷ
ɫͷҲܺÿ㿴̫ɫŬʰŰСȾͷ˼סˡ

Ҷһǳ֮
ıߺĴҰͷ
еû¶ȵġ
Ǵұů
ůۿɵʪ

ģϲҡ

¶ޱȵ΢Ц

ֻлһź
ССһŬ뵽취ġԲ𡣡ĶֻܱԭСС˵ѹҪˡ
ûϵġ֪ΪŬġһĵصȡԺʹһҾͺܸˡССŬذο˵źһǼٵġ
ӵǵĴңССŬذοǣҲŬذοԼ
ֻΪ𣬼ȲƶҲܸεǡ
ûӼЩ죬пܻʴ֮¶ʧ䡣

СС»ֻǺĳһԼȻתţȴټǵЩõӡʱͻһеСС
ֻ˵룬Ҫ׹޵׵Ԩýֱ

ƵطɹͣĵļϣȻ̲סССڵķ
˵ǰͺܺ棬Ϊʲô̩һӵͳ˧ȻССôɰ
Ϊ˵Ϊе˵ײĮͷˡŮ£˭Ҳܷʲô飬Ὣصס
Ǽ˵˳˵ȫһͷ׺ݵĿŹ̩Ż˹ʯ
ǹû뵽ʷȻô׽ССڿеСĿɰ
һ뵽ڼǧʱ򣬻ˣ̲ס

ССʦôˣëע⵽ССĵ䣬ϽܹһƯĺ컨ϡҸС컨㲻Ҫѹ
šѹллݮĻˣҵûУССһ⣬ëǵܡ
ֱӽ׵ڵ̨ϣЦܵˡ
Ҳ̿ССʱͲҪҵ˰ɡŵġ
˳ˣǣϿεĽ̰׼ҡأСС˳һʡǷ

ССǾҵ
꣬Ŀسſ϶Ͻ׼̰ȫˡԸոձʱˡ

̽߻ӵ֮ׯ԰Եøˡ
ëڳϲȥϷ
ҲȤһչݣڷŴƬȻչڰڷŵǳһźա
ҴӵеЦޱȲá




68.  ĵʮ   ʲôԤĹ졭

Ǹüڡ
Ľװ˵ӷŵһȥ, ֱ﹡ϢĨһѶͷĺΧһƬֵķվ
۵ĹʵïҶ֦֮䣬֮ϸһƬƵɫ, 紵, ɢ˵ֲ

һ, о˴ﵽⶼ
켾, Ȼзռӳɡ
֮ǰĺϵȼ¼ֲɳʱ䣬춼һ롣
ڴʱĻûнֿ, Ҳû뵽֡ԵʱǹԼθڣٰʳġ
[԰]ֻһΡ
ȻԴԴϵģǾòֳܼЩ
Ҫ취ıͺˡ

һҪľǽǶˡ
Ĳ²ǾҪʳˡϾڵׯ԰һȺȳԷء
ɲǰһˡ
ļϵĵȻأȴʮֵ㡣
ⲻܽиӦýʹǰĶ

ȻЩƣ룬Ȼ˼һоĿˡ
ŶԴתǸĿŽеһ롣оӷܿܵȼŲһλ

ǣ㿴㿴, ĺСʨһ·żԼһôĺܹϲض˵, Կġ
С̰ġĹ˹ıӡôû취ǿ̿ˣͷܶûءҸɺ, ը, ô
Сʨܾ¶˾ɥı飬ĺ汨һת, ĵòˡððǣɡöˡ
ҲҪԡëŶˣȻһӵϡ

ľԼĶë״ȥˡ
һٺȫͳԵ㡣
ժģڸкζû˵һ֡

ľΥ³ϴ˶ؿġԼϲǴһ𣬹Ȼܸʲôá
Ͽ쿴һըһ̲סЦ
ʲôôЦεشչֻըѣôЦ𣿾һṦЦɵ߰˴ˡ
ըרõĳӣһըõĺչʾϿ
һҲ̿
һοĲܹЦ͡
Ϊ״ӱ濴ŸȤĲָ֥鶫ᣬȻԵɺϵһš֡
һûҵĶӣѲչ⼼½չ

˵չֶĺ𣿡ʱҲгʶġ
һ˵չݷŵĲ˵ʷƾõϧҲǼֵǵıһըõĺоһ㣬Ӧ˵Ƿǳ֡
ûشֻǰǶ˺Ĳչõǰ
Ŀǿչ̲סǱ˵ЦѨЦǰ󷭡
ȻľͿϺԥؽЦĲչװȥˡ

ϣһеԥ᲻̫Цˡ̲ס˵
ᰡܹ㿪ĵģչݴڵ尡ЦŻش
ָûꡣ

ӵĸо̫ˡ
һΣֻϣԼԶҪ

ǣû𣿡СʨòУֱ籣һ˽
ĸϽȹӽǻ˵ġӣ·Сһ㰡
ú档ǣһκ𣿡СʨȹЦѯʡ
ȴˡ
ǣôˣϵǵѯʵ

ǡҸող뵽·Ŵ˼ѳϽץסϵ˵
·ʲô··ˣ𣿡һӾкܶʽ·ˡȹӲϲӣ
ǡĿ˰죬˵ˣ䣬ڵ·ӦöůǵĿƿҲëҲҪůҲ⣡

ǽʱȫûпǵŸõϢҲǲŷӦٿۻᡣ
ĵûбů˵ĿǰëǵķӶǿݼ򵥵ƣûܡ

ˣСɰǰĶôģܲһ¡ռϡ
ë㿴ңҿ㣬ȫһãȻģ
ռʮѰ
ûлģŬ취˵ԼҲеãΪȫûвοûֲҲûжΨһ¾ЩµĹˡ

ϿεʱҿĶ졣ĴͼϵͳôҿŶͼƬ䡣
ԽԽû취Ტ۰
ԽǰĶ죬ΪסϷĹϵҲѩ¶Ҳᵽ¡Ҳĺ䰡
䵽εˮͷ϶ﶳһһ㡣

Ӱûʵ壬ܵҲѰɡǻΪȶͣôܱܲס˰ɡ
ëһҡͷСʨ˵ǣĲǵƵ鷢ÿˮһƬ֮Ƕȥص׸ĵط˯ѹûþͻˡ
ǻᶬߵ𣿡˼صͷһ£ŷӦȵȣ˵ˮһƬʲô˼
ëûаˮһˮǸˮ԰档

˵ò档üΣŽںǾ仰˵ڡҪ׼ˡ
ʲô
˶ŵ
ԵΣ֣뱻⻭涺Цˡ

Сɰ˵һƬ󺣣ô»رʲôأû˵˼Ҳˡ
´Żˮ硣

̽߻Ϳ˷ˮͿϣˮ档ûɻˡëҲǡӰӵǲҪҲҪʳ档
ڣûа취ǵػȥ
ʱ̲סߵԼġ
ëӵʵ壬ò棬ǶԵģǴأ

ȻûдҾ˵ǶСʨ͵ĵĻǣҾ֪Ҵɡ
СԴȻ֪Ǵʣܵ˰лл㣬ӡôôµҶģ
ҡСʨ뿪˵ʲôͻȻ洫
ǣ𣿾Ÿ˵ͼֽѾءС¹

һϽ֦
ط֮ǰΪ˰ȫС֦⣬ֵĺõطҰ羰Ҫݵ֦ҶïصԼ﷢ı鱻ҿ
ȥˣŷӦӣôȥģ
ʨӦòŶԡ
ôȥġСʨֵصԼצӡȻССģǿȥܷǣܺҮ
šĿǱʼһСצӼ⣬̿ҺǸ壬Ҫǳʨӣ˵ס

ٴͷβߣһСʨɵëëŸϿɱȥŸڵоҡ
ë׵˵ǻڶǰ˯ôķˮĻ棬＾ġ
ΪëΪӰӴڵʱûʱ޷ˮٵʱ䡣Ҳ޷ǵֻƬ֮еõˮľ

һ˵ռûͷûβϣ˱
ҺõĻоŸĸ߿ƼֶΡŸоСȻǺˮеʪȱȻӣֻҪʪȾôԤˮˡ
֮ǰöܺˮ׼С

ҿˡСʨֺڽ̨ϣβͶ̵ϸˡҪ˵
㻰ŶءҷΪʲǫ̂ҲҪ
ģҪ´δСʨ񱻼幥ҲЩˡ
ξҪС¹ýǵ˵ҲҪ

ҪĴᡣ½̨ٽ档С¹飬СʨСβ͡ˣȥҪŶ
ϰ죬ܿʼˡ

Ҷ֪пܻᷢˮǱҪ׼ԤϣҶ˽⣬Ὣǽ
ĽװƹдҸ涼ϸ˵Ļһһؽ⡣

һۡζҪڵׯ԰޵ʱ㹻ɴӵķˮռ䡣ĿǰļϾˮɴʱ̫ˡ

ڶǸĿǰׯ԰ˮûСǣׯ԰ǲƶġΣǿܾͻΪ֮ˡ

Ҿĸã˵˵ҵĿͺã̫ǡĹһԡ
ǴҲԾضĬ
ǰղ֪ˡ
ԵĻҲʮֵҪѡʵӱܡװʲô֮ᷢǰĲֱ֪
ܡ
Ϊһˣӵ̫಻ʧȥҲʧȥĿɰļˡ

֪ѡǺѵģǲòԡ
Ķ˶٣˵
ҲϣҲҪ¡ܽʲô飬Ƕһԡ

;ˡ




69.  ĵʮ   췽

ݿԽһԴߡ嵥ϻһ, תһĿǰķȫռŽϵͳҲԴߡ
СþͲҪߡܷ㣬ռһϵͳ̫ˡŸ˽顣
ǡĻûбֳԼĲ֮⣬ëǾͺܺˬػش𡣡ǾͲôˡ

ıҵıҭסˡ
ǻǽµƯķӰɡСʨ˵˴ҵﻰҪǴһѽ
̲סЦ˵öԡ
ûʲôȴһҪˡ


һվݵ֦, һƬһһü԰

ΧžĴĻ԰ʰ쵵Ļ䲢ɫ, ĿŽƵķҶֱͦİȵ, ճһƬïܵɭ֡

ɭֺͻ԰֮, ɢŸɫСӣСĢһģϵ, йԲ״ֶɰòУͯСסķӡ
ĿʳõƷݣ;Բľʳá

Զװﻬݵˮ԰ʩֳе﹡
һŮƮһˮЩΧС
ˮԱŸߴĻе壬޴̴ðŽ׵š

ͯͿƻýһ˸еޱȵͱá

ʹһŬĽء
ļҡ

̲סǼ, ۿ졣ûᣬʹԼ۾, Ӳǰ˻ȥ
ڿɲǿ޵ʱ
кܶû

ڴ۽ѡ췽۶ȹ＾ĺˮҽ䣬ׯ԰Ҳ򵥵ķˮϡ
, Ҳë˵һƬˮ, ڵ¶ѨҲûôصӰ졣ˮҲ赲á
ø⣬ô׼õķ۾óˡ

Ϊ˸ʱ, ķʽÿֿ죬ÿĲֶԵʹãʹÿռ䡣ǴҪĹʼ졣
Ÿ췽С鿪ʼܹĵĽ칤̡
ϾŸ磬ԱһԱ62̽߻ˡҷֳ齨졣

ĸ8̽߻ˣΪһС齨һԼû뵽޴ԼҲʼܶһˡ

Ϻʣµ̽ˣֳ顣8̽߻齨ׯ԰ΧķˮĻ
豸ҲǷɴѹĴһ㣬ҲӦù

ϵһЩҪƾԼ8̽߻˵άׯ԰ȫС
Ҫ֪ƽʱ̽߻˵ھʣ9̽߻ˣάж࣬Ҳ֪

ëǣҲûţΪһשȱİᡣŸһĴش裬ҪĶ˵Ŀĵأָɷʳ
ҪǣŵĽһֻԲСɰԹߣëʵǻ˴Ҳٵѹ

Ҳڲŷ֣ԭ̽߻Ҳһʮëء
ҶԻеƿػޱǳ̬żʧ¶ŤıߣëĿȴֵ˴ҵϡ
Ÿ͵͵Сʨβͼʱ򣬶鲻Խ
ͺְܿ

һè̵Բؽݵ˰ﰲССչŶҲҪչ˺Լ
šԼҲҪСŶﰲСӼҼҵҲæ
ľ֣صذչè̵񽻸
ȻèԼԺҲУǿﰲӣʲôܷɡ

èſһزˡ
СɰôˣĻףظСԴë׵šȷ۽ˣһɡ
һշè̾ͰԼ˼ˡ
ĿһЦèһٿࡣȻַӯԴɲ֡

ϢƬ̹Ͷ뵽С
С齨Ƿ۵ʳҲ˵ʳﴢҡΪ˽ʡռʱ䣬ʳҲʡˡ
ջĴʳؽΪ˷ʳãһС黹Ҫʳӹ
ܻЧʸߡ
ĿǰѾе˸ҪĹҲάׯ԰ĻСֲջɡά𻵴дʵȹȫŸ̽߻˹ܡ
̫ˣϸϾˡ

һͼ縺˷ʳӹΪ˽ʡʱ䣬ҲɹɵɹɣյգܷⱣ棬հװ
豸ҲҪ졣ϾʪȵҪ󡣸﹦ܡ¹ܣʪܵȶ١Щͬڷ۵ĿϵͳУһ黹˿ϵͳ
˵æýŲŵأ޲Լܳ߰˫֣Դ

ȵȡ
Լš
ˡ
δ磬ѵǻе
ȻŸжǻ۵Ļˣķʱ䣬򵥵ĸеǾͷˡ

˶㴫е
ʱѾʼˡǴԽǰĴҲһĪչڿδƼõģСڻ¡
ǵԻеרŸĵ˵ĹȷҪ⵽֪ǲɾ鷳ˡ
ǰʳĿǰĻеһ顣ʳƷӹҲ򵥶ˡ

ǡ
ʱ䵽ˣһȥϢҪ͵͵ܳҷˣ۵ġŸϢĴ֮ˡ
ĿŴҶˣŵʱ򣬻˼תлԴԴϵŵĶԽԽ޲ڻȥɻ

Լϲ˸⾫档
Ķ֪Լйʡ
Ѿˣ˯οĿǰ״ҲҪ˯һʱ䣬һ
أԴܵһűġ
ʹ
Ű̧ͷߡŸ磬̫ˡʹŶҡ

ո˵ĻˣŸ۾ո˵ľ㡣ȥ˯ҪŰҹ͵͵ɻҷˣĵĿ۹⡣
Ҫһô룬һ߻ǲס㡣ڣŲ˿ʳءŸֲϡ
Ÿ̫ĵԸƢˣһС˼Ƶ˵ѾӦˣĵ
Ҵˣϻȥ˯Բ͵͵ɻˡ

һʲôţ
ͷһͷͶϵˡ
ǵȻġ۾һͿʼϵظɻ;ҲżվߣëסԵĳԷһֻιһֲֻͣЪġ
ֵۣܼʮ˯Ǿˡ
Һã˯ú𣬸ϢҲֲϢʱ

е̽߻˺ëǶ˳˯ﰲҲڸڵңԼС˯ˡ
ķ
ϵͳɢŵӫ⣬ŻҺ̶ˡ

һԣֻǰĵ˯࣬Ȼǣֻȥˡ
⣬Ĺٶ˹âҹϨ




70.  ĵʮ   ϵͳ

֡Ŀ˲, Լҹңȵĳҹһ飬һȻȫˡ
˭, ȻҹŴ͵͵ɻ

ǴһԤĹ̽߻˶͵͵ɻҲû취ڶ̶6Сʱȫɰɡ

, Ӧ˵ѧδƼտ

λݹЧʸ, ҺϤҵСϰߡſ, ײĽӿһһ飬ˡֱԼõġ
ϵСԺ
ѧϰģǧء

ŸǱҲһͨ飬ߵ, ˵á졣иʱ׼ˡ
Ҫллλĵġݹͼʲôأİ˼⡣ʱɵ뵽ϳݵˡ
ǸǰǰǸˡ
ǻͬһ

̲סЦԼ
ôɵأ

ڰﰲẹ̀ļϵСһۣĬĬؽƿ

ĻǿԿ۵Ŀռ䡣һ׶εļƻŸĳٵתó˽ۡǣʪȿʼˡ
ʲôĽŵһСܣȥһһá뾯ʾ߻Զ
ڿɲϢʱ򡣽кܶҪ춯Ÿߴٵ
ıѵ˵Ļ, ͷʹȥˡϽ𹤾䣬

Ϊ˽ʡʱ, ۵ĵһ汾ġֻϢҡʻҡҡҺʹҡڲĹҲֻлĿѭˮѭͷﴦ
Ĵʱ䲻Ҿõһķ۽ڷù, һһۡ

ڼȻʱ乻, Ÿ˼ǿ汾
ǿĲҪǽϢ󣬿ҴһЩ˹ҡڷϴһпϢֵĵط
Ҳиѵĵط

С
˼ţ½ͻȻһ, ˼ͷһСʲô𣿡
è̵İﰲһΪѺ;ᣬ֧֧˰죬˵һ롣ǽ㣬ҡҵġ
ʲô
Ż
СǺͼһҲǷɴҴߵһԱǿϮׯ԰Ⱥ˲һ

＾ĺˮ٣ЩҴ߲һϵͳëסһһΪľŸˡǲ֪ѼϢ
Ϯׯ԰ĵˣĲŲ
޹ˣСļˣҲܼȡ

ĸϽСһȥæµľŸ磬һ˵Ÿ磬˵Ǹô죿ϷۣҵĻ⡣Ƕ޹˼ȵĻΥ˵ĵ塣
ͬһۣȷʵ⡣Ÿ粻Ҳܾ
Ĳȷ̫ˡ
ûС
ֻһ

ڸĹ򡣰ŷۿռ䣬תΪڶۡС֪ж𣿡Ÿ̾˾ѯʰﰲ
ﰲָ˰죬Ҳֻ˵Ƕࡣ
ǡӦָׯ԰˵
鷳ˡ
ﰲҲֻǸСѣҪʵ̫Ϊˡ

Ÿ翪ʼ㣬˵
۽ҲǿҡںˮϮʱȱס֮ͼı졣ǿеġĿǰʪٶȣعƣӦû졣
죬üˡĺͰﰲͬʱһ
Ÿһ߰еֱͬʱҵһ߿ֲؽͷת˵
ҪѾϰˣ·ǵñŵţ֮ǰ֪Źٴˡ

ǣ۵黹иϵĿܡиģҵСļ˲СŸһйؼ
ŻȻ
԰ڶˣûҵˣҲɲó

Сʲô𣿡û˰취ֻѯʰﰲ㻹ǵԼ𣿡
ﰲסẹ̀ͷ󺹣ȴ˵ġ
۾ˡô찡ǽ㣬Ҳǵˡֻ֪ȥɴ油֮ЩϮǵĶ顣Ǿʹӵ

ȵȣǵĶڴӷɴ;бϮģһ뵽ˡǵ֮пʲôĶ𣿡
ûʲôˣǽ㣬뵽ˡԺˤúԶҿһˣǳ¡
ﰲһ˵꣬ľ֪ǺԼһˡ

Щ֮ȥ޷Ԥˡ
ĽС쵼ȨڵĳԱԼ[]һͬǰȥˤĵط쿴ϣҵһ˿
ﰲధ˺þãʵڲ޵ôңֻýһȥ

ǰĳжǳ[]ڵȻ[]ͬ⣬ҲԸⰡǸо̫ˡ
ҺҺ̬װĻǿҲǽͨߡĽһ̬һʺϳƷϰﰲһˡ
[]ҲʡɴҲȥ

ɱ߻Ǹһȥ
Ȼڵ¶ѨӦûлˣ˭Ҳܱ֤ٷְٲֻᷢǺƾˡ
˲֪㻹֪ھûһս֮ӻҲǿԵġչʾһԼڵļ⣬˵ѾǹȥǸսˡ
ǡ壬Ͷ˵塣һ̲ˣ²ۡ㻹ԶأսһҪ㻹ǵ𣿡
֪֮Ļشúܿ졣
[]һôһɣűֵú֪ˡ

֪лڣҲСĽԲӵˡ֤ŷߵġ
ׯ԰Ҳȷʵڲˡ
߻ŬϹ뽫ׯ԰Χõķˮϸøһ㡣

·ϣҲûšŹ۾۲ôǰµܻȽѡиʲô
о׷˵ĻеЯϵͳҲİ취缼ܡ
ľΥش˼ܶһ棬Ͻ

Һ֮ǰ˲ٵ֪ʶ㡣ھͲù˼޶ʲôģͬһӼ۸񣬷
ɵóģĶ֮ǰʮֵǵ[Ԫؿ]ûԪƫֻǧ㣬ڻ¡

һڷһ֮ҵ˺׷صļܡô˵Ҳ̫ԡΪܵƽ[߼]

[߼
ͣͼ
˵Žһ֡ӵд˼ܣܴһҶ֪ľ˼ǣ㿴õƬؼġҶӡ
עܣȡϢ򷢶
֪ʶ㣺100000]

˵ǸܣҲӲ岻
ҲѾ֪ϵͳ˵ϰߣƲܵʹЧӦ[ӥ]ļǿ档˵ܿǴʹõġ
Ϊһ鼼ܣǻȡϢģһ˼͸ܣڻȡ㹻Ϣ
룬Ҳһ֪ʶ㣬ȵȡʮǧ򡪡ʮ

˲ϵͳ̡
ÿζôɣξȻ۸ʮ
мĿϵ[߼]Ȼġ

Ǵ˵еĲҪõֻҪƷζ
ˡ
ҲǸ
ֻǡ
Ŀ˿Լ֪ʶ:100001㡣
ţʣͷ
һҹصǰ




71.  ĵʮһ   ҵˣΣ

ʮ֪ʶ, һʱ֮Ҳݲһ
Ҫǰ֪ʶ㶼ͶУһ֮б󣬲û취ˡ
ĵͷ, ʮʮɡ֪ʶ㻹׬̤, ֪ʶͿʼ, ֻʮѡ
ֻǡ
ס, ǿסԼ۵
̫ˡ

ȻϷʮ㣬ϲûбֳһ
˵طչϸѰ
ط̮֮, ־սرǸµĺۼʵƻ̫Ҳ
ҺĿ[ӥ]ܣһ֮Уҵ˲ٺͰﰲļйص

ϸضԱȣȷĽӡһխĶѨڡûκټˡǲܰⶴѨСȥ
ڸѾˣЩԭ·ôһۼû¡Ͼ[ӥ]ܶҵۼ
벻ͨ

С, ֪ʲô취ټ𣿡Ĳϣѯʡ
ﰲȴ˵߸𰸡֪ľЩʵ˸̹Һöٵİ취ҵʱԶ, Ȼܺϵ
治δС˵ĸ߿Ƽͷͷǵ͸ԽǰھСƵ, ѧϰ˵, ʲôµĵ豸ˡ

ȵȣոպʲôؼϢһ
Ŭػ䣬ŷָոС˵ĻͲ˷ǳҪĹؼľϲС, ˵кİ취
ǵģǽ㣬ûԣ֪ôϡﰲֲɵԼ
ټǿһ㣬ΣʱûôңҲٱסԼԡͿϻˡ

ﰲĬĬ򴽣ﶼ˵°仰

ܹ磬ͱʾźŵ˼ɡ̴ϵͳԼĹ˳
ڹ䣬Ҳһֱú档
õҲøͷӲѷ죬û뵽ôãֱͺΪġÿһҪĹߣ﷭ҵĳӵԪڴҪ׼
һҲ⡣
İѴӷɴ洦ѹͨѶ豸óù߽еԣѰźŲȻһ
֮ǰ̫һ㡣
źܹױ׽ôҲܷǡôźãĿǰʪȱʾмͻᵽﾯˡ
ô죿

޿κεص㿪˼ܶһ棬Ǹ[߼]ҲܴĿǰĽ֣Ҫһϸ졣
Զ
ڣƺԼ
һʱ˾
;ŸϿѵ£㲻ǵһ˴ӱ͵Ϯûпˡ

СҪ˵ȥĶ˵ȰѰﰲҺһסﰲĽŸԼҲһ㱣˹ˡ
ĵһʱϨ
[]չ֦
ľͿ͹һСİǣ
ıߣȥһ¡[]ѯʵ
Ǳߡ롣УʱСĵ㡣

漴ѰҲ֮һխĶѨǲ·һˣǿɾͳ׽
ڶѵ̾ҵ˷İȫϽȽﰲ[]תƽȥ
ڶѨ沼һأ[ѧ]ܽѨ

Ľŵ[]Уô
[]ûлش𣬶ǽֳ֦һ֦չĵǰشļϡ
Ļ[]ʲôأͻȻоҰЩֵصص뵽ˣ̱۾
Ȼ۾֮ǰͳһ档
Ӧ[]֦鷴Ļ档ͦģֱӡ

ĸ[]˵Ϳ谵ĻгӰԷҲܽûֻǿ˵Σȴܱ϶Է
ˣҲϳԷӦСġ
[]ҡҡͷ
Ļ⡣һȻãӦҲƵġ

Сҿˡһ¡ϵóҡ߻[ӥ]Ż᲻á
ǲܼûЧĶоŬزͷǸһ׾ϵˣŴͷϿкܶװ
ǽ㣬˸磬ǡﰲ˵Ҳ֪Щ̫ͨˡ
Ϯׯ԰ĻҲģġǷɴԱĻá
ҵرĵС

[]û˵[]˽˼Ļ׳һ㣬Ұתһ£Ըϸع۲Է

һ֧Сӣʮˡ߸ˣŮˡһؿڴ״װι׹
ûûȽŵľε׹



ڶ˴һֻ۾
Ǽ硣ϲװˡ

ϴ˽ָֻоŸָ
Ǵɸ硣Ľָҽ㣬㱻ƭˣǾŸָһָδһָɸ˵ܸκ˵ġԲ𣬽㡣
û¡ȷҪٿ
õġǽ㡣

˵Խ࣬ԽܶϡԽˣǲŸҪСġǵαװģ̾ϵƭˡ
ﰲϸغ˶ϢͻȻ˵㣬ˡܿ𣿻˸ؿװԣǸԳһҺġ

ȷʵǺر

˸취УܲǱŪһԴ߰Ұݹȥ
̯֣õĵߡñơóߣĵƲԴأҲĴָС

[]˵ҿ԰ݹȥ
Ȼ֪ԼΪʲôҪ飬һ뵽Ĺâܻ뵽û취ֹͣĸо
ô죿
Ȼö׼Ǹͷؿâһעһ飬͵ŷ˲䡣
ϾˣԼΧĻ

âһе˶ٵݵһʱܿѵصװԱ
Һ;Ÿѵ£ҲҪҲǹֻǹ۲졣
ңõԼҪ鱨

ؿһŽľϲؽعͷͰﰲ֣ȴߵλþȻˡС
[]һܾ֪̽ʲô飬ԥˣ֪Լò˵ڡ

ǽ㣬ﰲһ
ĵطȥȴһұڡ
ô
ǽ㣬ȷʵǴ洫ģԽԽԶˡ

²˳٣Һ̬򣬽Լұߵֱۻеһȭұڡ
ұһӾͱˡ
ԣⲻұڡ
ζҺĽӲұڲǰʯ飬䶯ļ֯Ƭ
ⲻǶѨ̾뵽ˡΪʲôڲʲôʱӦҪץʱҵСС

ǡ
ôң
ôС״ͷǳΣˡ
ƴôԼԴȴԽԽһ顣

ԥص˶һ
[߼]ûмֵͰϵͳˡ

ͬʱ[ӥ][߼]纣һϢ˲佫û̵þ˵ĴҲԳǰȫͬЧ

һǾ͵ó˽ۡ
СαװɶѨĹתˡ
ٶȺܿ죬һҲкܶ谭󵼡

ٷְٵҺ̬ûлΪ˻ףǽжעұ𴦣˳ſ϶׷ٶȥ
Ҳкֲܶ·ھ赲ġ
Ϊ֮ǰһļ֮о[][߼]İ£õļܣ[]֦Ĵ
ͨҺ֮̽ǷСΡ

оˣ壬ǰ
Ŀϲؼӿ

Ȼʱͻ⡣
һξѵûеģ˺СһֵԼΧڵ֮ʱٿصҺ򲿷˲䵯񵲹

ʶػعͷһˡ
׺ֲҰޡ
ĿؿڷŽķ⣬һոȷϹĽ

ߴ˺ͬʱڵ
ˣ
˭




72.  ĵʮ   񶷡

ô֪ҵ֣˭㲻Ƿɴϵĳ˿͡仰˵ն, ɼڷɴԱʮ˽⡣
ȻЩȣҲҡ
˵ڸ˲ˡ

˳Ծʻ, ϵĶȴû˿ֱͣͣӽ׼ĵҪ㾿ʲô
ͨҺѾС, ôֽ, Ļϸ˵ֱ˵˵
Сץ, ҪС˵ǻˣؿڵĽƣĶﻹд׹İȡһֻ۾ļֻоָ, ʵһֻĴɡ
ǷɴϵˣΪʲôôϤҴûм㡣˵ô࣬æȲҪ˵Щˣ˵Сǰﰲ𣿡

ǵġĸɴѧ[]İ취ϲٿصҺֳһγϸϸߴڻ˵ϡ

ˣСģ˺ĶҪֹȴ˵ˡ
ûϵҿ˰ﰲⲻ[]𣿡Ҳѧĵӱ۾ǿ˳ȥ, ⲻұڣϵδ֪

Υ, һӻ淴Ӧ
ԣ[]ǽҺ̬ĶΪβٿص, ˻ס̫û˵ٷ, Ķˡ
ڲԼʱ򡣵øϽСС
ԣҪҡ˵仰, ּͶ뵽˵С

Ȼ˽Ҫͷ۶ӡ
ˣˡ˶ĵͷת֪ǵˡ
Ŀǰ֪ģˡԼ˵ȣǸϮׯ԰ļһǡ
겻ɢ

ˣǰѵҿôˣͷɫ׺ݵػδر㿪ʼ
ʹһ뽫һֵҺ̬仯ɷƣһŭ
ǻˡ
Ҳԥӭ˵Ϊڻġ
ףЩ޿ɾҩˡҴǷˡʮСӿٱ任Σεں档

һģҲûٹߵ飬ȫȫȥС
ץסˣ
ϲֱ֣ӸСϽףһ·
ȿȡﰲҺ³ʱһճҺľʱ͸ñˡȻûӦĽĵʱʱ޵˽ǽ㣬ˡ

ԲСҲáĺûѡܵĵطкúõؾܣСµ顣
ûСҲŬСˡС֪ǻ˸磡ﰲʱſŬսĻ˵ˡ

ϼһֻ۾ļεԼ»ľ򡣡С̫һɡڲſǡ
Բ𣬲԰磬ҵˡﰲеñطİˣ۾һģǵûˡ˸߲ҵغ̫ˣǽ㣬ҵˡ

ûͷûβĶʲô˼һ˻ߴĳڣ²ۡ첻ָԼһҺǻˡȻͷܳˡ
Ƚ㣬˵ôֲĻﰲŵһ¡ϾСӡ漴˷ˣȽ㣬Ҹ˵ǽҲġԼ

ڲྵʱ򡣰ȣλѡ׼ˡ
Ϊʲôﵯҩ㣬ƾʲôŹӡұڹֵߴŵһըȫûҪ˼
ҪСȥء˵꣬߷߷ߵһ䡣ˡڻߡ
˵ˣȵֲһֵΧŨ

Ŀòסͷԭġ
ǽ㣬߰ɡǰﰲߴ
룬ȥ

һ˱ߴ򣬱ߴ߳Ũ̵ڻ£˳ˡ
ضǱʼǡԽǰͨϰ壬˵սܶûԹ
ھŸǾ͸˵ˣģڱĸǰ̽Ϣõĸͻˡ֮Ͷˣķ˶硣
¿ḻרҵʿ̲סҪһ¡һʱ֮䲻֪οڡϾϤ

˵ɣ㵽˭ߵȫĵطˣ˰Ͳסֿġﲻ񣬶ҲûԶϿ㡣
ҡվҪԵġ˵ʵԼԴҲһ֪֪ԼôԽģΪʲôԽԽ֮˭
Լ塣Ϊÿϸڶûв𡣵ϵ·ԲĲϣԼˡ
ء
Լ˵ˣҪ˵ȥشˡ

ֻ֮ǰŸ̽߻ղû⡣ëǣǴġ˵ׯ԰ĴҸͲں¡
ȥ˭ôģǵˡ

Ȼش𣬶ڻȴȫͬ
ֻ˵Ҳǵĵˡԥ˰죬³ôһ
Ա߱Ų˵İﰲȴ̲סˡѱԼİȣ˵ǽǺˣǵġ

ǡŸָĴɼЦܰʲôæӪ
ǵġɸ磬ǽ㣬ǵġﰲͷ󺹡ȻǸСȴҲóϵɡ
С㻹Ǹӡ˵ͲҪˡСԴ
ĵ̬ȱãΪۿȥСҲСڵ״̬Ȼصʱá
Сཱུģ϶˲˼ҵĸ߼Ӫɡ

תͷ˵ܸлСҲ㲻ҪᡣбҪΪ˵İȫ֤㡭
ﰲ죬鲻Խش
д˶޿κεؿ
Ŀ޵Ц˰Ҷû˵ʲôʲôأ

Һòİǽ㣬Ϊ˾ǲġȴҪҿɿһ㣬ҾͻҵĻˣôˡ޹ޣ߼Ǻ
ֻðο˵ǲԡСѻ˵ꡣ˵𣿵˵ˣǿ϶ͻˡ

ɲͷһѽﰲӺɷ򣬿ʲôҪ˵˵ʮ˵İȫܲһСƨ˵ʲôǺˣǾͶŰɡ
ﰲԼСһ´ɡǶ˵갡
˵ɴߴٵ[]òæҵ뿴ܰǸʲô

ﰲغǽˡˡ
ɱòУѹأͻȻɫһ䣬󺰡ãж漴˶Զܡ
Ņ̀ţͱˡ

ûװԼŰѰﰲҲһ顣վԭû˾Ͷֳ廨ֵ̬

ǡֲϳ
ͷ֪˭ɵˡ
˵ով;֡
[]ȥˣ
ںˣи׼ȷ𰸵ˡ




73.  ĵʮ   βܲ㣬

Ȼıƴ, ֪ͳ˷ĵӣҪӰġ
ı;Ÿѵĳɹ, ڷáûܣΪôľ, ԵǾԲǵġ
ʶҺ, ԼҪ˵һʱ䷴Ϊ, ֱϵҺ͵쳤ìһɡ

Ͼͻᷢˮˣе½ضûǽ, Ϊ˸£ǵġﰲձͨ죬һԵؽ˵ˡǽ㣬Ǻˣ

ˮ˾㵵ؽͣ
ȻҲһ;ͣ¶ҲѡϾڿڰУûѾƫȴǰȥ
һҲûֻϰҺ˳Ʊ, ͨľֱ֣ӽеĴץġ
ſңɫ, ŭ

˵˵ıȸոˮҪ֡
С˵ˡȷʵӣεǰȰ͡Բ, 㻳, ǲԡǾ˵ģҪ֤ǻصİȫԡ
ûϵǾúν

ҲԽǰΪİ˵ɺͶⴧѹ
ǴԽѾӵ˾Ÿˣë, һļҡֻ޹ؽҪ˺ͻһ΢磬ͷȥͷϴĸо
ν
ػظô£ֻĺ鷳
ֻϽȥˡ

Ժˮô£ץסؼ׷ʡ
Ŀڽ⣬̾Ͱȥȫ˵һ顣СԱ߲סصͷ
˵ȫɫǲҰֽ
ٹȫᱻûɶ̲סҽгǾҲ˰촬ûô졭
Ӧûа취ġȥѰߵ㣬Ҳпܡҧƴ˼취
ʲô취ƻʲôûа

һȺ˳Ʋҵ֪ôȥͻ˵Ϣ
ʱľ֣ԥؿڴǵ̸
ǸʵǸ׼ķۡӦٹɻĳعܡ
˵˾ϲһ˵ĵֵǸȴİﰲԥصˡ

ߣﰲվǰ޷޵֪ǽĺ˰ɡ߿Ҫҵǽ㡣
˵εòСȷʵǴˡסǵ˵ʡ
ɻӲͷ˵ʲôһȭҵȥˡ˵ͱ˵

˲Ⱥߵǰ֣صصлллǡ
ҽġĸϽֹһôǳƣʵ̲סһƤϻ˵ۻûáҳҵǣѵ׼
ۻûãôҲ԰æġҴﻹʮɴʦ˵꣬ʶؾ;ܾˡ

˵һ뵽ׯ԰ǣľ;òô׵ر¶
ľǻزաǿ׼ܵ򣬵ʱӾͿˡ룬ҳһֽҰߵͺдȻǷɴʦӦס

뻹Ǽ桭˻˵ʲôͱçײĴɴˡ
ɲм˵ɵˡôİأϳ׹ķɴʲôԴҲûСƾʲôôô֪ǵ壿
ˡﰲľҪߡǽ㣬Ҫˡﱿ
ĿЦáС˵ɲС飬ô򵥵ġ
ǡﰲ¶˵ı飬ȦµǽôãȴҪ㡣Ϊң

ǰĺԥػش˳һաΣգȥˣӦõġǻңǿǺȣȴֲֵһᡣ
ƾʲôΪİ˸ô࣬ǻ顣ֲǽ񡣡ﰲ˵
Ϊ˵񡣡о˵ֻе㲻˼ðɣҲûôеɡҾϣСļܺúõġϣܸˣ˶ѡ

㡣ﰲ̧ͷһ˫ˮصӳһˡ
ͣļĹ㣬ƵطŰﰲżЩȴɵһ¡
δڣŮ¡ء
ϲŻᵮ֮ڲͬɡ

ҲȥǵĻءתºͻ˶ԽӡҲǽҵׯ԰˫ǵĵߡ
Сʲôÿġں滹ܲ졣ǿʮһġӷɴŪ˴ʡƻʲôûУôҲǵĻпͷɡ

Ȼ⻰˵úֱףǿ⼸˵ı飬Ӧöôġﰲˡ
ôɡĵı⡣˫ȻɣͲҪ໥ĥˡһҪ͸ǵķ䵽ա
ô֪ķãɻ˵ʲôͱһˤӵȥˡ
׳գˡ뺦ǣЩʲôãһߣװѴɸſ¡
εطһȺֵļһ˵ġǵĹʦܻɡϸǾͲԼ취𣿲϶ˣѵ
ôܣʦֲ쳧˵ûͼֽһô׵ɱȰӲһ첻Ϸ䡣

ģԭֲǻ
ûоʹ죬ֻҵʷǱȱȽǡŷӦԼǼʿɲ

ʱ򣬰ﰲվ˳˸磬ǽԸ׼ۣѾǵˡ
仰һҲ˵ʲôˡ
ǾôˡҪʲôϣҿеģ֧Ԯǡ㣬˵۴ŻҪ졣
õġһ£벻ų˵ô಻ĻľȻԮǡ

ԶߵӰ˾þõվԭء
Ǹˡ
Ȼˡǽõʹһﰲ˵꣬ջĹĵġߣǲῴ˶ѡ
ô˼ߣ˻˻̫ˡɱñף˵
ҡﰲŤЦˡǺңҵˣôҡ˵һȥҲûɰɡ
ٺٺ٣Сϲ˼ҰɡЦز
ﰲ˲ǵͨ죬˵Ĵƻ
˫۾˴𰸣ᶨޱȡ
һټġ

߳ȥһ̲סᡣ
ôˣ[]Щ˿ˣŴӵصسı߱߳ѯʡ
ûСû˵ڡԼɵеЦ
ǡ
û˵ڵĻ[]

ѵñֵᣬԼҶϿ޻˵ۡ
ûϵġټġ
ô֪ΪСֿеѹĳԾʡֲ꣬˼ǲǺܺЦҲԼ̫Сˡ̲ס
[]Цһҡͷ
ᡣ

Ϊ㰡
̲סĵ㰡




74.  ĵʮ   ˮ

һ߳һ߻صׯ԰
ë׺̽߻˶𾪵, ʮΧȥعĵǣôˣ
ıҿò˼, ĬĬصͷͶűߵСˮֻ̡۾Ըš

Ĳ˵, ȥİﰲֺͻ˵ˡתͷ, []סˡ, ˵ǾôˣСأ
[]뱣ֳĬ˼ֱ͸Ϸ˸Сһ, ġʵû취ˣֻÿ˵ҵСļˡСˡ
Ȼأؼô˵Сʨûĵشߴٵ˵˭ѹġǾŹ

˵գһëǶ¶˼צȻССģǲܷϵɱڡ
[];Ÿε̾ЩģСɰ˵Ǻ˼Ҵˣ·ܻԼԼ
ׯ԰ս̫ˡ
[]/Ÿ̽߻ˣÿŬˡ

ûĿҰ[]òУҲ˼ؿڵû۸ҡҾеѹ
ΪʲôѹŸ绹׷ʵ, ס
˵ͱˡתͷ˵ǵʱ˵Ҳԡûϵںһ𣿡
š˵Ļ, ۾ȴӯŵıˡ

ֱͺͻƻһϦжô, ϼεҫ, ˵޷ͻʲô˵ġ
ں֡
Խ֣Խ뵽С

ֻʧȥദûмС˵ʹࡣ, û
߬ȭָǶȴоʹ
ûˡǡؽ§̵ظıûˣǻһֱġ
ëҲ
ĵëߡ

ıůӵš
ȴֹסˡ

С

޹ˣʱһˮ˼֭ʹǡ
Ĺ˵غ˸׳죬óһ
ˣѪ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôʱͺͱѨһ̲סᡣ

Խǰ˶˵ҪǿҪֱǰ޹ʲôء
ԣȫֱֵС˻·
Ҳû˵ŬҲû˵
ֹֻסԼѣΪѹѹþǻްɡ

ڿҲûϵˡ
Ϊڿ޲Ϊѹֻǵ
ܺϲһǿޣҲ˸еˡ

ˣǣʱʲôأһ߸ˮ󵰰ǣһ۵
֪ãҡҡͷ޵̫ˣԴ˵ġͻȻ۽һĨ޵Ļɫ
ǡ
ʿˮâ

ϸϽʲժâرģâΪгƬƬûк˵ĲбʮֻסƤһųƯâ֮
ɫۣ֭磬ŨŨˮ㡣

Ŀǰڵâԣ̲ס˼ˮϵлſ
ܲԽζ
ԼֵâϳǡôֳԲʲժȴĲֿ֪ǿ١ʿڣ֭ˮڿǻＸըĽâζþõڿڳ֮䡣
úóԣ

۷Ź⣬ʳ
Ͽĸ˵Լһܰâͺˡ
Ҳֻøâ׼һٷʢĴ͡
ǹŴźǣȲгסѡɽҩࡢĻʳ

ĵķ뱻ǳСɽһ룬Եһ׶ʣ
ӺĶˡ
~ĳԵ̫ˣαϢ
һʳ֮ϢСþҲ

ǣԱ˷ȥɢɡһҲ͹Թվȥɢˡ
ֲԾյԼҹҸ͸ڻæµӰ˼һϢ

ǣȥϢɡ˰ɡغ
ĻϰΪҪˣŻôôࡣȻҲҪһ
ֵר־Ͷ빤Уһӽն׵⡣

ԭȵ±ĸɵҹʮ㣬ȥϴ˯ڶĵľͳ׻ָˡ
ˣȲӦû깤ˡȻԤƻҪ졣ıΪƻùˣû뵽˵ǱܱûҪ
ֱȥԤĵطŸ˵꣬ȥԼķʲôҪĵط

ׯ԰ԶѾƴɵķۣɵЦ
ĿŶ
Ϊƴӷ㣬۵ĸΣ֮ĿռҺ̬䡣ÿ϶䣬ٱҪʱͱΡ
Ϳ˺ʮˮͿϣҺ̬һ顣൱ľﰴ˸ġ
ôξôΡ

Ŀδʮľͻе̲סԺС
ж֮δȼա
ҲԺԸܷɵħ÷̺ɨ㣿˷ܡ

ˣȰѶһֵȥ˵ĶָԼЩӰ˵С⡣
ҪĲֿȫȥˡ
ĴԽʱϾһ·µĶɶˡϸ·һСֿ⡣
иߡ԰ʩҾߣũ

һ嵥ٰ嵥һһ׼
Ķ˵ɸѡеʹࡣũﻹȽ鷳
ĲֱӽϵͳʱϿܻܲؿֲﱻˮûɡҲ̫˷ˡ

ڷɴһȦ;취
ʱĻһֲȽϺáֻӦˡĽհ׵ǽȫװ㽫ֱֲǽϡ
ֻҪˮϵͳӦúܿͿɡշ̫ͨƣֻҪ̫Ʒ·޸һ£Ҳʵ֡
ܺãûʲô⡣ŸһǽëȥֲʱɶڿĻܷˡ

ǣҪ޽һ¡С¹鿴ҵ֦Ҷ˵ҿôȽϲռռ䣬ڰҺ
ңȷʵֲҡ룬˵ҵļӦûпУҼǵҵ鷿һѣӦòҲ޼ȥá

鷳ֱҺ̬װԼ͵鷿Ĵڣȥġ
˼ŷӦȫҺ̬ױγһѼαصüءϾҺޱȣ˵ֲǵǹҲ˵Ͼͼϡ
ˣĻ˼ߡ
Ӷ¥һȵ棬ͷԾˡ
žડһ죬ŵ׵ĸоԡ
ˮ̲Ļ֣ûϵͳ¹꣬طôˮ̲أͷɫٱ䡣
澹ȻѾһ㱡ˮ
ǲɷϡ
ǳԤƵǰˡ

Ҳˣˮˣ
ĸߺžʾȴȫҡ
ûʲôµġ
ʹһ
Ҳ⣬Сǵķۻûȥء

ǵ£Ѿôˮһǵ©ġŸֱ৵ʰСǵķѾ깤ˡûвԡ죬ûĶϽȥͲҪˡ
׷ˮװÿˡ˵̧꣬ͷһ
һ͸Ļׯ԰ׯ԰ˮλߣǺԵķˮλˡ
ˮˡ




75.  ĵʮ   

һ㡣ԭȵķ, ϴһҪ˶ǧҪ©ˡĶȫ
ϾҵİȫҪġ

Ϊ챣߻ǰļ׷ˮϣڴˮ֮ʱôһдϢ֮
Ϊʲô, û죿ȻģʱҲȥȷϡϽͷĶϵͳ, ڵλøȥ

ˮúܼ, ˮλ뵽˽ס
ׯ԰ķͣԵ, ĵǴʱ࿴ۣˮλַˡ
ǣŸ, һѽ
Ÿ磬ҵǷˮͿǲҪٲһ¡Ľŵʵ֪Լ˵ʲôëǻ᲻ӾǲǸҴ¡
еŸΪתĵעӦúˬ졣

Ϸ۵ĻЩ֪롣
׼ļƻ嵥뻹ҳֽûءڴҴұˡ˴֪ԼӦʲô
ǣסʲôæöŸƺǿãָӵת
һæֳ˲⣬һӾͻˡ

侲ͿʼԼ˼·
ûϵ, ڴҶϷʱȫˡСǵķۣԼҷۺ, Ԥĵصȥ
ʧȥĶͲҪȥˡδŸҪ
Ȼʮֿϧ, ǰһ⡣Ÿ, ׯ԰ڿŷˮϣҪôȥ

ˮλûгûͰϷһ, ȥŸһ£˵㲻õģԴתˮҲܹ
ǺǿɡҪԲʺϵĻͷУҪĶܡ֪Ÿ͵ĵģ۵Ϊ˸ϹͰйܶˣûеơ

Եġ40%Ķڷ۵£ܶա߶ȻǿġŸ׼ˡ
40%Ķ̫ˡ侲˼·ҲˡҪǵڵ¡Ȼпϵͳⲻǳ֮ơҪѷʻСΪԷһҪѶһ
˵ҪֱӽˮĻׯ԰ʣµĽᱻ١Ÿ˵꣬ͻȻ
ֵſϷ۵Ĵ⣬ݽûջ

޴ľׯ԰ïܵһֻѾˮûһ֡ĩƬ

ķˮ̫ͻȻˡҲȥüݻգȫվͻˡû취ˡ
ݲֲҲˮûҲõġֻ˰ο
ֻˡҲǺҪˡʵϣҾ÷ˮҲš
ⲻķԴŸ統ǵˮµԴ⣬Ѿǰװ˷ˮϣҲ˵ֻпػʱŻõԴ
ǵġˮϵķȲֿܵˮѹǿɡˮλٶȣص׶Ѩᱻˮû˵һ룬ŸоĻ̾˼

ˮϱƣôׯ԰Ȼס
һ飬Ÿǰ˼һ¿𣿡ʰһ˼·һһ˵ǰѷˮˮ
ѹǿһ£ˮϲѣͬʱҲԵֵˮµׯ԰ƻ
ȻˮʴٿԽ˺
ͬʱۻˮλǸҲʣ¶

Ÿһ鷽ʵʩӣͬ飬Һо鿪չۣ
ڵˮ֮ǰһѵҪ
֮ǰΪ˸ϹһԵذѶڸպÿһ¡ϴһ̽߻˿ʼɹ
մˮǰԭƻǽ棬ֲȻׯ԰ֲûֲ٣[԰]ڣǻԴԴϵṩӵġ
ʱ¿ʼֲͿˡ

СʨëҲˡǺ̽߻˴æ鷽۵ĸû⡣
ǣҲȥתһȦɡŸ˼̽߻˽ĵĹ
ʲôҪ𣿡һʱûӦ
ŸЦ㲻ǻûϸȥιһ°ɡ
ŶԣҶûԺķڲءЩĶûĹ
˳һ顣Ÿ˸ӸͰƳˡ

ԼҲ棬ǱȻ񣬿ʼѲˡ

۵֮ǰ˵չֿдϢõҲ۵ĺġĽȥһ涼ûзָһĴռ䡣Ҫ˯ͨˡű졢·Ͳ̫ҪҪӡº;Ÿ˵
ңţԼġӶúʪϵͳҲáǿռ仹󡣵Ȼеִ١ӦôһĿռ䡣
ҲһԼСϡ

ǣ۵ˡ׼ȥˡСʨıͨ籨š
ĸϽСӺպãȥʻˡ




76.  ĵʮ   ɴŬ԰

æܵʻҡ
Ÿڲ, ģȻسľŸɿ
ǣøպ, Ҫһ𣿡ŸԱ߰ѹأҲһ¡
ðɡƴҡͷܾ

, Լľ˻, ҲܴǸ㶼ٿعüˡֵʡں°ɡʲôµġ
ûʲôµġʾǺ°ĶԼʲô˵, ̹׵ľ˻ͽǸտǶѡοֻһˡ
̽߻ˣٰܼʮڹܣҲֻտǣ

˵Ҳû˻ʲôϵͳûװ, Һ̬ıΰˡԭ;Ĵ[]ʱõİȫգȫϵߡȻƶܲˡ
ۿʽĳؽвٿسȱر滹װļ˺ʡ
һʲôĻĲ

ûϵģʲô״һһʱӹܲٿȨŸ˰ƱŲΡΡǰ˼ʻ

۵ļʻ״ҲǱӵΡȻǾŸоС齨ģƵʱǳֲοĵ
, ûĵж֮Ȼȼա
ʻǳƻƬ, 룬Իеһ޴ĸ߸ĸ
һӾ;ر߿Ƽ

Ȼһλ, ʶԼжǶôĲʱˡλÿȷʵر˧, ȫûйϵ˵ҲȫĶϰߡ
ŸողʱûбԹһ氮

Ÿ, ǰӻ˰ɡ߲ɶ˵Բ˵һ䣬ù
ҲǡŸ绹ڽʾ֭Ҫοġ
ʵλʲôӶ谭ŸٿصģϾһֲٿأֱӳӸò֣֮ٿӡ

Ҫõ𣿡λϷºöë׵СԴҶʮ־ɥӡ
СʨϷֻСèһצԼëǣҪɡӺúġǶϲ
ģĿƼë׵ͯϣǰѸèܡȻͻԶëס
ҪСˮ̡Ҳĵļϣǵϸɲǣ
ͣ
ôܾܾ취Ĳָһİɡϲ沿־Ͳˡ
ۣǣˡ
ϲٻʱëһ

ոջλƷģƴ̧ҪķѴҲˡ
ë޿˵ûбȻ᳤ë׵λжˡ
ʮ㣬壡
ĿǸжӯëǺܰĺء

Ÿ羡ְظĲд֡۹أʵټ񡣿Կɴˡ
ɴգȤǼδرģɵ𣿡
Ÿĵתĳһ˲俨һ¡

ǼδǸЩֵʡִʻ㣬˸оͺǹһ㡣
ȻֵĵطҲֹһˡ
򵥵Ĳǣ˳ֿذиǣԴһǿĻеߡ
Ÿ˼̾ͻָתûΪ¾ᡣ
жٲϳĵطǵǣͿˡ

Դˣһֱи⡣зɣûйĻ᲻׷ײ˼⡣ͨô涨أ
пʮתģɹͷڽͨ˵ҲǴհɡȫˣǼδĽͨǸʲôӡ
뿴𣿡Ÿͼϵͳһķɳͨ

ҺþŸȼ֮ʼ췽۵ʱ򣬾ͰͼϵͳǶˡȻոôţȥϵͳϷۡǿɾʧˡ
ףȲؿ
Ÿ˳־ͽ˷۵ļʻȨޡڰѷۿĺͶԷԼĵطˡص㣬֮ǰѾ͸Ÿˡ

Ÿһ߼ʻһ߷˼顣
ĺôǳԸֿ棬ٹҺ̨С࣬ΪŻᱻѡ
̽߻Ľƽ̨ӦþǶ˸

ƽ̨С
ϣϡ緹ʮӺӦ
Ÿ磺ӦʽͣҪָڣ
ָ߲ڡΪǺͶԷԼлϵʽ䱸ʱܷɣҪʱ䱣һ䱸
Ÿ磺ͬ⴦һ䱸ϣ緹ͣǷ㣿ָȥʳ
ϣȫ緹ֳ͡㡣ûɿռ䡣ʳȼ
Ÿ磺ͬ⡣ҺʳǷԺϲ


̽߻ǾҵҵعţϢһ´
緹˰եƹ϶Ŵ׷
Ǹմóѣ𣬶Ϊûݼҧеζĸо
Ͽϲɴһӣȥԡ
ĻϲϲѶѳɽˮ̻Լķȥˡ

ˣŨҵϺɫͽ˴Σټ۵ڱǼơֵ鶼Ҫؿˡ
Ϊˮʧȥׯ԰ľɥͰգˡ
״θı䣬ͻζ񻯣ǶԼ˫ּõ
ûϵġҪһжģ۶ٴΣ½԰
ֻҵĻ䣡

Ľ˱Ĺֵ֭طǼδԭġ
˵ôֻһСׯ԰оÿϧ
̲ס

ȻϲֹһˣһûϵɡҲ֮һʹȨɡ
һ޼ʵƽ̹أȻܱȽϼӲǸĻ
뿴Խǰ磬˵ǻĮˣǴ󺣣Ҳѻħġ

Ķʱ˷ˡ




77.  ĵʮ   ˮ

Ϊ˽ʡռ, ϢҲûбָ˵ĵķ䣬ʵǾǴͨϢһ䡣
ƽʱռǳģ˭ҪĿռ, ͿԴǽõС䵥ָ
ͬӶܴǽڻг˵ʱֿ԰Щջǽȥ, ȫռռ䡣
ƻĴԼԽðѧϰġ, ǸŸҽҴðա

ȻǺҪ
һ뵽ԶһΪΪ
ľȲˡ
ɱϷˡ
ڱʼǱд˶Ρ

ϣһůʵļ԰
ůǵȻĻ, ҲνҪںƽȶͷḻʻ֮ϡ
ƽȶǾҪеػһӦþҪı߻ˣоŸоСĿ
ḻʻͬһҪ㡣

˺ü񣬺, ȥ裬αҪһءׯ԰ڵĿƻúͯþͲ
Ȼľ֣صΰĻƻҳдһʡͯ԰ʳǡȻȻֻͷĻӰõýѹסǵЦˡ

ǾĽ췽
ĮȷʵȽϼӲĿǰյĿƼжӦİ취ȻҪǵɱħҪ˵ģٶȡɱ̶̳ȵȵȡ
άҲǸ⡣

ддţоԼ֪ʶˡպãͼϵͳѾǶ뷽ۣҲԷЩϡ
ǷɴϿ⣬˺ܶĲο, Ǽʵȵȣ

һû
ָоʷǰԭʼ˴ɽ, ŷʵɽǱѾִ߿Ƽˡ
ļɴش㴩Խɽȥ̽һδˡ
ϾԽ, ַ֪ǷǼδ, Ҳֻܴ׹ڻǵķɴµĶп̽һˡ

ʧܡ
Ȼ
ˮʵĳ̬
οʲôǿߣﷴʧܲռݾҲûйϵ
ϰߵʼ, ̹Ȼؽʧܣ˳򿪺̨Խյǳδ֪ʶʼʧܵԭ
ûźţǾֱӿԷˡн취Ǻܰ뿴ĴŽǰˡ

áĴšء
ǣ̵ˡС¹һԹϢңûɲסֱӳ嵽ĵȥˡ
վսǽڵĹ̵ˣ
ŸΣգպڲмеŸһСռ䡣ѾҽҩȥˡС¹齹ȥ

ΣգʲôΣգ
İӵĽͼſգע˼¡ɫͻ䣬ñȸոˡ룬С¹˵
Ͼȥȥ֪ͨϺˣҪǿ򡣶ˣأ
˵꣬뵽ԼӦһϵͳġǰôûءھȻֻĴԽǰʱûôԭʼ

ϵͳʲôءֻıЯʽͨѶ˵ֱͼϵͳһֱǶǾͿڷ۵κεطˡ
ȻȺĺͼ֪ͨܡ

ǣ㣬ҽҩ䡣ſڣĵָʾûнȥ
Ÿ̽߻Ҳ˳Ѿˮˡָˡ
õģʲô飬һֱӲٿҺȥôǾҪ֡˵꣬־Լ˵˻ҲǱ˼Ҿǵġ
оԽԽ⡣

ûϵǶ֪ŸЦһֽƽȥޱȣһĴ硣
񣬾ȻЩ޹ؽҪиܵĶ
ʮСɵϡ

ıһȥǸڵϵСŮתƵ档
һǳŮֻʮ߰ӡúƯƣ벻üʶһСš
ϵ·ֻʣһ£ˮ֮ͷ·ʪ͸ˣ¶Ƥ˼Ƥ񡣿ͺ䡣
ŸѾ˼ȣҪˡ

Ľʱ򻹳裬Ҳġ
ʵҺ̬óĿռ䡣һƬģʲôûССŮһʪ͸·ڼӲ棬Ϊ䲻ϵط
ȻŮֻ࣬ΪӦеĹػӦûϵɡ

ΪԷһĻǽë׺̽߻˶֮⣬һٿҺ̬ر뿪
ڶ֮ǰϰæͶ·ԡ졢ˮȻʳ
Ĵõչ˲˵ֲᡣѧֲ˵ˮŮ壬ٻϸɾ·Ȼ˸Ǻñӱů

ڵѵʱҲûšɴҲ˸˵ǹʵҲĶĻͼ
ոմͼϵͳҵĲοϣҪڱʼǱӦĵطעһ¡Ȼϼ죬һ벻ġ
ĶԼԴôġ

ϢõСͤοԲοĢɡͻȻ뵽⣬ͼϵͳĢٿơ
Եʱ򣬶ͻȻǸŮѹˡĸϽѶʰ޽ǽͷʵˣˮ𣿡
ȿȿȡ˭ҸʲôŮһֵشӱڳɿ˵䣬ãĴѰȴôҲҲڣͷ󺹡

ĴԭأûйȥϽǴˮϴġûʲô
ǾңŮûж侲ԲҲǹ⻳ġΪ
Ů͵Ļû˵꣬ĶӾͷ춯صľ졣࣡࣡

ûӦ
ŮԼȺʮֲ˼ͷȴٿڡ
ʱſڡ˰ɡ׼ʳȳţɡ
Ůһɬصͷллл㡣Բ𡣡
Ǹúӡ
ĸϽһӣٽԵһһڳ

׼ϹϺࡢ϶ѣɽҩϹϺֻһǣΪϹϺͺͺ
ϺͶ嵭һغʡζ֮󣬿ֱųԣֱֺڼ
ɽҩϴɾ죬ڰƤմЩ֥ζͲοϻպϡ֥ǵһ֣ڶǷѽǽ͡͡͡۵ȻļƷպ
Ϊ֪ľ˷˳Զ϶ǻ̲סģŶһ㣬Ҳ׼ĵķݡصض׼պϡ

ҲֻΪģŻر˼
ĹȻԵúܿġÿֽ϶ϲء

ŮΡΡӣҨһȻ̵òУ᲻³¶ȴźò׵µһڡ
ֻһڣԲ˫ۣһزšĿԳ𣿡

һ߰Ƥһ̵̲߱ס죬ʳǰ˵ʲôȻ԰Ǹ׼ġˣ˰ɡ
ŮԥػشȻƵذһ඼ˣ׶εøɸɾһѶ϶ţһ㶹мŬؼԵˡ
ɾһ֭ҲûУֱϴһ
ŮĳɽҩȻסʿˮӶˣȴû֡

ĽѳɽǱơ԰ѵѾ𣿡
ááлл㡣ŮɽҩƤûðպ϶ûպֱ
ĸϽֹȵȣɽҩƤɲܳ԰ͷŶ
Ůһߺϸ˼ҴûԹлл㡣Щܺóԣǳóԡ
˵˵ţȦͨ죬ᡣ

Ŀģ̲ס࿴˼ۡ
ΪŮǺߵ޵ģ졣
Ҫлл㣬ҡҽа򡣡һζ֣صصл
ûϵĻûأ㱻ת˻⡣

˵Լ
ɴ׹ٵһ̣ǰطšһ̲ŷһǻ׮׮־ϸǼ͵ˡ
ıΪӦڻ֮ǰ˵Ļأû뵽һܡ

ҵʱΪҴߡڻǲ׹ٵĿʼҴûϦദͬ»ڻûĵط¶µĿ
ʱɻĲҡ̲ס뵽ֻҵܵҲҴˡ
Ҳһһ塣
ȫĺڰֻĸеޱȵĿ־ˡ




78.  ĵʮ   ȴ

Բ㺦˰ɡ˵
ҡҡͷ, ˵һЩοĻȴ˵
ҵЩǳĻ, Ҳ˰οɡ

ֻ˵ģѾӳˡúϢˡ
ǰллҡôóԵʳı֮, оԼΡ
, Ӧ˵Ǵһج֮

~
洫۵Ľл
Ѿڱ˯, Ҳ͵һ鴤ϵıֱ˾δĺ¡
æû¡ǻˡҵļǡ¡
Բ𡣡Ǹ, Це㷴Ӧˡ

Ŀ侲ǰһ§ס£ѾȫˡŰɡһġ˯һᡣ
Щ˼֮󣬻ûסץĵ֡лллл㡣
ظķûˡ
˯ˣüЩɶˣ΢΢

ʹԷѾ˯ˣҲûɿ, ǲٿҺ̬Сʨ˽꣡˯ˣ, ôˣ
ûаҾǿôûˣ, ɡСʨг̱Ϲ, צӰչ㿴ϢʱŶ

ĿСʨڴС۾еΡԲ, ӣڻܺ档
ΪʲôСʨһĲšǣϢʱҪϢʱܺúù˵Ŷ
˵ġҲûڹ˵꣬ͿСʨ񼤶ԼĻë׵ĴԴԼ
ɣɡСʨݣȫܲסء

ǲСŬסˣҡͷģںҪҡ˯ˣһˣɡ
ǺðɡСʨֻôͷɥˡ

ʵ˵ˣĶЩɥϢʱ䣬˵Ҫһġ
һſһȺ
~ɣ

ķ޿κεȰ˵ҡԲڲܺ档
һȺë㿴ңҿ㣬СʨƼ˳˵
Ļ֣ոպ˵ˣôһˡ
Сʨֵ˵˯ˡ˵Ҫͺѽ
ǱСˡ

ǲСᳳ˯ġĿôë¶Ͱ͵飬ʵǲġ
󣬾Ȼϸҳ˸⡣
㻭Ҳ£Ϸٴζء򵥾Ǿ䡣

ĺëڰ£ĬĬؽ˺üֵ㻭ҲϷҰѴдԼֽϣһ¶Եģһ֡
ܵķ϶һСʳ
һ뵽ЩСʳڲèڲǸĦȭ
ȻûǾʮּҡ

С˯ľôһȺħĻ档
ĻΪŵأڿ֮󣬱鷴֮ǰɰ
԰ҵԼõͬˡëˡҸ˵
ĸͰأ۾ھŸļʻµԼĵص㡣

ǸҪȥĺǱǸ
ѾȫԽëףȻҶڷ⣬һⲻۿëǡ
ĵӶ˲١ţǣȥɡģβҲë׵ġ

ûûбë׿ɸοĵĴˡ
ʮԺ롣

ȻˣȻûпŰڷȨޡҲС֮ĶȾ֮ĻΪԼܾǧ֮һĿܡ
û˿⡣
ĵЩ顣

飬ҲûЩġ
ˮλѾһˣһʻң⵽ݣ̲סļ¡Ȼë˵򶼻ᱻûʵȻ˵սľ
ûŸ㱨ڵͷѯʡǣʲô㣿
롣ǵǰɡзۣǲõˮû⡣

ǵ촬Ǳˮͧδĺôˮ͡
ʵϣҪġŸٵصͶӰϵͳĿһĿܡˮλ󣬱ȻˮΪ˲ˮߣҪԴ֡
Ҳ뵽ˡѵؿڡĿǰĶܲݳ޵ģ𣿡
ǵġֻ֧7СʱŸԱعƵֵҲٵÿ
ȵ5Сʱֻ˾ϡ

5Сʱÿÿ붼˵ѰǵʱʱԵ˷ɿ졣
ĿʱŴĲɵؾˡ
û
С

ٵȰСʱûĻǾͽ׼ķȻ󵽵ȥ˵꣬ϵͳ
ˣϲؽг




79.  ĵʮ   

лл, ôһҪˡ

ķˣϽһҷ۵ĲٿԿϡ

رõġԼķǿĵĻ룬оŸڲĳ, Լ˲ٿҪԿס

ǸСļ׼ķ۾ͲôˡԿףҲ˼Ҽʻ

СĶű˿ڼͷˮС, ƴ֡С, ߡ

ﰲҲͬñطһ, չ¶ޱȵ΢ЦذڶС֡ǣ

̲ס²ۡΪԼ𣿡

ȥŷ֣Сһûöࡣԭ˵ʮ, һ㣬ҲӦֻжʮˡ

ȫǳˣСûһӡҲûСƽʱ˵ʲôүү̡

һֻ֧г˵Ķ顣ŸûгȥѾ֮ǰĵ룬繤ߡ

Ϊ绰ֻĲ̫Яųˡ

ֱӽϵͳǶĿǰʹû⣬ǶԺͲ̫ʵˡ˵, ĺˮȥҪƻزС

ݿʵľŸоһ˫ŵķǾһϵͳ, ʱ뷽ϵͳڲʵ໥硣

һϵͳͨϵͳ, ĵĻ֮СĵҺԭǸûϵͳ, ȫľٿصĿտǣ˵δܡ

ǰֻгˣ˺ͺͯ޳ֻ˵žһ󵨺

ѧʷﲻ֪ж־ѵ߬ȭͷŸ, һ

ǡѾŸ˶٣ż˵ǣҪСġ

šһġĺ;Ÿ֮䲢Ǵա

˫ĵĸʮ˽⡣
֮˶߾ܵظܶСӲ

˵ˣΪߵļһСǡ

һȥġ

ôʱȥһ¡̤ۣҺѾʼǣʱ

սľͼĿܲԷһԵƣǾǷ۵ĹΧ

ֻҪһʱ令סԼСȫȫβӻط۾ʤ

ƴظԼȻӲԻ˵ˡ

۵ĵһѡ֣ǳì˵˲ҽСȵȣìܻ̫ʡѡڣֱһꡣ

˼ɿתǰ״ȴ˽չ

С㣬̫ллˡȻʱ䲻Ҳ׼˷ۡ˸˵껰ͱɴˡ

֪ܲأ˵̫硣˵ô

ڽŵȪð⡣

ɣ𣿡ˮ棬ˮؾ죬˵ע⡣

ڲ˵Щлʱ򣬸ϽϷָۡӵǵץʱ䣬ѷۿȥزУүүһȵ÷ǳϣߵܶһᡣ

˲˼һȴ뵽ǶԷΪƭ˵žͻẦ˶ľء

޴ıһξ͹ˡ

սȭͷ֮УҺ̬Ȼĸһ

ϵҲѾȻ׼

һԴ֮ʱ˵˲֮ǰѾΪģ֪ΡҪ㿪ڣ˼Ҿ͸ˡ

ԥã֪οڡɵ뿪ڣһ˻˻˵ˡ

ǽ㣬Ҹ˵̫Σˡ֮ǰ׼˷ۡǻȥԺͰүү˵ˡҲʼ׼ǸϡﰲȻֵ¶ĺͯûκ

Щ֪롣ʵǲóıƣǲóӲͷƤҲҪϡ

ǽ㣬ô𣿿ܲӡСĬĻ˾Ϸڵƽ̨

ʱ򣬻˵˶Ѿۼ˷ڣ۰Ͱ͵صĿš

ڸô죿

ҺþŸˡ

ĵ繤˽ǵķϵͳҽȨΪ߼ӵмʻԿףȻԽǶԷ۽вٿء

ζţǽ˷ۣǾ׽ŸϢǼʱꡣ

ĸ꣬ǵˮλѾһĸ߶ȣ¶Ѩͨ˴ˮӿһĴڷ۵£һġ

Сġ˿վڱԵεô嶼бһѡ

Ȼ׼ѾҺ̬צεؿסλˡܻȥҪ滹ôɵǾҵҵ̵;Ÿܻᵱը

û£ллĲûб¶һ㡣ﲻɵһ롣Ƚȥɡ

ǻ˻ǺˣҪЩǷĴڡ

ﰲǸСӣܻᱻƭȥȻԼҲûʸԴ˵̬˵̾ˣٻоŸΪܡ

ۣģֱ׹ǰķɴķɴװ𣿵ѵǿܷɴģ˷ۣ˵ɴ˫ۣĴ

ǷɴϵĲġļװˬؽԿ׽˻ˣᳵ·ؽǴȥ˼ʻҡ

Ϊ۽ṹͬΪʱԷ۶ŵĹĿǰֻмʻҺϢңֻзһŵ֮һ

ɻ˵ЩõĻֱȱקȥˡ

һʻңǱ׼Ļеԣú̫һҫ˵ķǳлǶûôáֱǼ˾Ƶ²Ʒ

ûСڻڽ״̬ЩӦܡԴ㣬п𣿡

Сǲࡣ˺ؽǵȫṩġ

ԽԽˡǼٵģôƭҲ̫ˡҪǣϵͳжļܶһͺˡ

ѵͲ֮ǰɴһĹ

ѾµĻŬرֱ򾲡Ȳ֮ӣǷ۵ĶǵǵĻء֮飬ȫԱɡ

õģǳлһŬصлһ̲ס۾ɵ̨ȥˡģȥֱˡ

ԵĿ佱жϵı֣ƺ˸еˡǿʵ̾ⷽ۵ơ

ôʵأϣⲻһյƭ֡Ϊֽź͵ǣؿڶɵϢ

ȻʮֽţĲûֹͣ˼

ϷۣͰѳЩ˻ھ淽ڲʱ͵͵ϵͳӽ۶ŵϵͳУԼ֪ʶϵͳ˸Сš

ʱҲϵͳǼϵͳ




80.  ĵڰʮ   ߱

Ȼ뽫С, ǺܿϧСԼߣҲڲ˵´

ǽ, Ͳٴһ𣿡Сĵ½ǡ

ЩΡӿڴͳһˮǸС㡣ʲôĵ, Ǿܿһ㡣Ҿһɫĺر, , ǲԵġ

ǹеر

Ĳ֪Լ˵ģСܲ⡣Ͼꡣ˵Ҳģ

ϣһж̫ɡ

ڶ߾ŸĴߴ, ŻصԼķȥ

ôǣ㻹ðɡһͱŰΧ̽߻Դȫ¸ɨ衣

û£ûˡ֣˼㲥ٵĶչʾԼ

Ÿһıˣɨϡûи

, ԭ˼Ĳ˼Цˡ

ǵȻǡǣ㶼֪, ոշ۶ŵļȫġŸôһȥ㶼֪ոջƽ̨һѣŸͲԭˡ

һͷ, ŸϿƺ޲, ʵȴ׽˲ſóκ

ûСŸһطֻУ׼һ׼ϵͳѡ

ĶЦˡ

۶Ž˻ˣľͿһˡΪ֮ʱû뵽ֽ֦

ƫѾ, ѲôܿСΣա

Ÿ磬Ǹ鷳塣ſ鲻Խظпұֻһ£ΪǺܼ򵥵ģΪʲôô⣿ֱ͸ѩһ

Ÿһ߿ٵشѻһסԼΣԼıϸ֪ĲҪһ׼ȷĻشֻҪԼ

ʵ֪ӦǺֲŶԡ

ڻе߼Ӧ޷жϣ޷˽͸ġ

ƫƫͺ

һ࣬һȥ⡣

Ÿ磬ô˵ŶҺ˵һŸ~־Ÿġͷ档

Ŷ˵Ҹող˵ڸϣ㲻ģ׼óԵСġŸĻû˵ꡣ

תһ§žŸĲӣֱһ㡣Ҿ֪ŸˣллŸ硣

ţɶŶŵϳü

ɿŸ磬ϣȻĺæ֡ˣллϡۣʲôƯ

ŸϿתƻ⣬εһЦСɵϡ

ҵʵġ

Ϊû̫ĵطõĶǼ򵥵ʳóԵĶȫո̫߳ӵĵľͺûˡ

Ȼʾ֭Ϊ׼öġ

Ư͸ĲʢŰ͸ɫС飬˽ƵĹ𻨣׺źͮͮ轣ɫʵںÿ˲¿ˡðɣǺܺóԵġ

ǰ滹һƻ͵ӣ浹ǳԵúܻ졣

һӽɫİ͸СУһ֪ôֵƷʲô

壬ˬŹ㣬ʮͷһڻ٣·ˮɵġ⻹ʣȻǱѩǸоֹ

ΪʲôɫôÿѽĽ׵һ֭δء

ȥѩĺˣӣҽˮԺп顣ϸϸظĽһ顣

ýζǽһˡ

ζ˵ЩлĵҲˣɻ

ȥȥ

Ÿͬʱݸ

ԼҲһ

ģ

Ϊʲôô£Ľһգ˶ˡ

ŸҪĶԷĽƻȵȻеعҪĶԴҵĹ滮عԼҪ֮ǰͼ

˵ɰɣֻ˵ûн㡣

óֽʶôЭʱ䡣Ÿһۣڲ

ŸбۣʵòɡĿǰˮܹãЩ˿ʱصԴܵģʽЩһҲ

üĽƻѾ˰ɣѾڳ￴ˡӦǴհʱΪʲôͻȻ⣿

ĵһ룬

ðɣ뵽һȥˣΪתĵעΪ˵̫ġڷ۶ŵ飬Ȼغõġ

ֻһСײһ飬Ūɳ׾ˡ

Ҫô˵źأŸ۶۵ط
ǣ˰ɡֵʱСʨˡ˴ëף糱ˮһӿΧߴߴ

һкö๤ûһࡣ鲻ܲɲҪ衣

ȥɡŸͬ˫һۣڲܻͨ⣬̽ȥЩûôҪϰɡȥ档

ģ˲俪ĵ÷ԥ⻰ëǸĻᣬֱһӵϰ̧ˡ

ȥëЦظߺ

һС¹ëβͣұСʨëиëߣֱɡ

֮ǰˡ㻭Ҳ¡ļСϷ뵽һ⡣׽Բذɡպÿ˳Ϥڲô

ëǵȻܾ˵˷ܵöȲ˵ʲôֱɢӡһ̵Ĺ򣬾ܵûӰˡ

ӱӡðɣңʮʮšһغ𣿡

ûлӦǾϷʼıʶ

˵տʼʱ򣬹ǽͻľţ֮ΪÿδҶˣһʣ¶ݣ̽ͷ©βӦ͡غˣ

˼ʮΣǶ˹

²ɵЦȥˡˡ




81.  ĵڰʮһ   ֻҵĴ

µط׽ԲؾرȤ

Ҫׯ԰, һ꣬ͿȥϤĽߣëˡĹҳ룬ض᳤һֻСˮ̡, ĿչһСʨ򡭡

ڷϣӦþЩ벻˰ɡ

һ롣ҵ, 

һӡҵ, ӡ



ģصǻ˸į

ҾϰԵضԼ̶λáȫԱǿЦá

ڹϵСѶӲҵϵĴλ, ϵļ϶Լ˽ȥûҲҪɰ

⵹ûʲôϵÿľͺˡǡ, ѣĶŴ겻ѴЦֹ

~СĿغ

ҴˣҴˡ㡣Ҫֱ̫ǻ˵ġϸð취֮󣬲Ŷ֡

СذͬʱСʨæһСѡ

ϸиؽСѽŤͷԲè˵׼ϿҪȰæ͸ˡ

, ǣŸ˵ڸˮ, øʳˡСʨ˵꣬͸оԼƺ˵˻, Ϊĵɫʱ͸

˵ʲôĺ귢ּë׶һ, ǿذһҲٲǵ

ǿ

ͽѸٵ̽߻˲һǧҲûѧԹɫӰǻϰ취ֱĵǾɫ
Ȼë׶ŵùǺ, Ҳ⡣񾭵СʨȻǺߡֵЦۣһǵһοôɫǣˡ

Ȼ

ȻҪܹȥǺȻˡȺӰӵʵ̫ˡֻóϡǵġҲˣҺ

ΪʲôأСʨ׷ᡣëҲͬ棬ںС

վҲ֪Ƕ˭˵ҧгݵġƭҡ

ƭһڣļϵС鲻Խض˶

˭ƭ㣿ƭʲôƭ˵ѶԲԣҺú޲СʨੲݵشĵŭһСߣ嵽Ÿǵǰܻᵱը

ԡûʲôͣͷߡ

ëҲ̫ĵظں档Сˮ̡ſСʨͷϱһߣ̲סĵô죿Ҫˣô죿

ҪȺ˵˵׼óԵģСʨ⡣һáһԵģ̾ͰѲĵ⡣

ǽ̫ܲЧ

Ÿ磡ĳоңоĹ̡

ŸͻȻе֣˹ȣ֪ͨԱͣһоתͷѯǣôˣ뵽ʲôõĸĽ𣿡

ûУǡչĹģҲ޼˵Ӳġ

Ÿͷԡʱϵõë׵֪ͨŽӵ˽׼ˡ

ϵĻû˵أľ͵˽𶹶ѹַŭ

ѹǴҴžΪҪʳʡ˵ˮܣǼոյõĽʳȤ

ŭȻȫûвСʨ˵ƣ϶ǰһɵֻԼ֡

ոĶë˵Լƭ侲̾ġƭǽڶȫȻİ˽֮еġ

˵ʵеûи飬߼˷ѣУǹ⡣Ͷеȴֻάʱ

ߵ˼ǼʹϧҲҪôʱ򱻺

ھŸ˵߼ˡοֻǲʳǰһѡûʲôˡ

Ҫġ޵壬Һڳ˶ƭҡ

ŸΡֻˮܡ

ءƭҡľͲشʾԼġˡ

̽߻Ƕˣ׵ġ

Ա߿ĿɿڴС֪˵еġƭŮµ³ǳҡʲô˼ˡ

ֶΣһ֣þŸЭӦرĹؼ

ˣǣ۶ûΪӦҪŸ˳һ¡

ڿβ͵һͼֹͣͣʣһˬػش𡣡õģǾɡ

ŸһҪ鰡Ҳ޿κεصͷԼȥˡ

Ƕʱ䲻ȷǲܿ϶ЩȫʳŹ졣Ϊѵ

̽߻ǶѡˮܵĻֿʳﻹ£¶˵ˡ

ͼȰ˵ǣˮܾͺˡաʳﲻˣΣյľ㡣

֪ĵȻ֪̽߻ǸںǾˮڿԹܣʳﲢǲ

ëδȷǰȻܿһ˵ӦûָܻӰ״̬ʳҲͲҪˡ

ֻġ಻ԷͻˮҲʳӪʳ︯ʵ̫ˣͻΣա

Ķ˶ʮˣô᲻֪ԼΣյء

װ֪ҵ̵ضʳͲˡ

ǲŲǹߡҵļˡԼĺģü˺磬ʲôˣ~ĸոտ޵̫ˣڻֹסĳ鴤ҲҪ

Ǳ軵ܺӱܡ

Ľ˵Ѿʼ촬ϵǽˣʱԼֲ̫ƻʪϵͳ͵¶Ѩʱһ[԰]ȥ㶬ܳҲûϵɡ

ֻҪֵأͲӡĲŲҪԼһ˶ռ

ǣǺܸ˰ǡŸϵ¶Ϊѵ飬ԥǻ˵˳ǣû

ˣתƵʱ̫ûаֲתϲ˵û뵽ҪϷۡ

Ϊܽ˵ͨˣȴ¶һƻЦЦǰ͵͵ܽζЦ

ʵϣûҲֲͽС࡯

Ħȭƣ˷

ҿֻҵľСɶֹ˵塣

жȻȼš




82.  ĵڰʮ   ͷս

̶ָǽ档֮ǰĻΪװ, ھҪĳɷˮģӪҺ

Ǽδʵ㣬ϾĹؼӪҺδӪҺöѾǳ졣

췽ϵϿ, ҪĲġֻҪõĵطֲġũˡ

ǣ˯ʱˡ׷ĺѵ

δͣ, վ, ̧ͷһʱ, һʮˡһоճء

Ȼ֪͸СʱһûиоۣȻԼϲǻ᲻֪ƣ롣, ҲǲۣǸոնо

һ֣ͣ;ᲱʹϽϴϢȥ˯ʱ췽۵ʱܸϣϢҾ˴̡ͨȥʱһ㣬ɲܰѴҳˡ

ϴãŵؽϢңͿһȺ۾ءˡô˯

ٺٺ١СʨЦعĵĽűߡ~

ôˣ, ЦǶ˰ɡôҹҪСʨӱԲʨˡ

, Ҳ̫ˡСʨ˵һҭ

İ˼ʱëʵڿСʨ, ذ˵ȫˡ

, ôĵطǴһ˯ǵȻҪͷսǵþˡ

˲ҲͷҲˡ

û, һ˯ĴͨôĿȻûмľͺ氡

˼ÿһӣͱһͷС

ǵһǵġСʨЦ˵һֻԲʨӾȻצӲҲǸ˵ơ̫Цˡ

ĻûЦأһͷӲͳĸϽͷܿŤͷһƣ͵ЦС¹顣

ôһ߰˸ͷ˹⻹ܵȣɶҲˣһͷͿʼ񷴹

Ÿ̽߻չϢһϢңӭһͷꡣ

Ÿ磬УĶˣȫû뵽Ҫ̽߻ǽ͸ǰҪ־ͷ

ͷսͷսСʨ۾Ҳץʲôӣ໽еˡ

Ÿ磺ⶼʲôʲô

ҲûšΪĺܿġʲôĵĿĸҪ

У

ŸҲˣAΧ

ûˡ

ϢұһƬͷͻֵĺ

ȵȣ˭ӵùè̶ͷ׵ȥˡĸϽȥסˡ

ʵҲû¡ضͷģˤһӣҲƵģ˵ˣΪ̫

ĺè̹һͼǱ߾ͷ˹¾Ͱһˡıẹ̀ͷѳɵĳǱһ顣

Ŀẹ̀Ϊյ̫ˣһ˫ӱ˶ֻۡ̿Сɰֻ۾ˡ

è̾һʱ֣ϽСצԼëë

ЦɣϵŶֻΪ̫

è̼һè̫̾Ȥˡ̲סְͷߣβָһİȻģѵ㻹ʮ䣿

è̱ڵһŵһ

Һõĵעֱˣû쿴ӹˡٺ٣Ǿһ¡ҸһУ

һ˺þãȵϷˣҲò˯ҲǾþþ

Ŀͷϣ۾໹ֱ

ãԺ˯ˣСӵģͯȫȻĿ֡治볤

漴Լڿɾ͹СʱĽƺеȡ

ıˣ۾һ֪Ϊʲô˵ıˣΧë׶ԾعԱֱë׵ĺ󣬿ɲ

Ȼ㣬Ҳǲ˯Ĳƿëǣǿ۾˯ˡ

һΧ˯ڻϣҲӲ˯ˡҲ֪˶ãߴ

ǣǣˡô𴲵ģǻܶ˯һͶ˯һᣬֱŸȥ

ִ۾Ƿۡôˣ

˯·ʪˣȥһ°ɡجϵǵëȸĲ˲ߴٵ

ϸػһ£ȻصǵˣһԼֹסǣЦ϶ǸΡ

ǣǣ𣿡ͻȻϢϵͳС¹

̽߻ǱͲҪ̫ϢؾͰռƻɻˡϢʵΪ˿οġ

ëҲô̰˯ڹȥûʵļǧѾϢˡھһ㣬һжòСģëǾͽȺȥ۸ˣȥˡ
ԾԲ

ˡһ߽ëãһѯʡʼû⵱£Ϊëϵͳˡû뵽С¹ȴ˵˸Ϣ

ǣ۶ֽˡ

ʲô

ͷԷ籩




83.  ĵڰʮ   ±±һ

뵽ڵ˽¶ʱˡս׼ɡϣ̫ˡ

Ѿ׼ˡŸһ, ˵ǣ㲻ȥɡͨؾܿˡ

š֪ġĹɵػش𡣡ҲðյġϴѾԶ̲ٿس뷽۶ŵϵͳˡ

ǣӦõͺ˵, 򲻹ȫԷ˼Ļ, ĳزס

˵, ͲòĵδͻȻŶˡ

ҪǴԽǰ֪Լһ컹Աʱ, һ̲סֳҲ̫ԶˡһĿǼרҵҵ, ôѧ̰

ǴԽǰСҲ˳ԣʮЩҪĳԱҲˡ

ҲδƼȻҲżһµϵͳ

˾ŸȰ˵̲ס͸һ¡Ÿ磬Ҹ˵Ұ[ѧ]ˣǲϵͳĳ򣬲鵽һ, ͻᴥ[ѧ]ܡ

Ÿ磺⡭

ļϵСһһ⣺ԭǴе

Ҳע⵽ˡŤͷ, ЦŵһôôѽСǡҲǲǺܳѽҺɡ

С´ڶ, ˹, ڴ

㻹ϡıЦˡ

Ц֮ĸϽȥʻ, طĻҲҪһʱжϡ

Ŀ˺ͺǵϴʱǺݺһ˵һжˡΪʲô̫ԣ˺Сڻ͸¶ֻʮ

Ե۶ŽʱɵҲֻʮˡȻªҲ豸ȫġ

ڿùͷˡ

аʮˡŸһ㣬֪ˡ

ʮˣҲ̫˰ɡĽüͷ᲻ʲôè壿

ŸԼĲ²⣬ͻȻصһ۸̶ֱӽĵ˶λα

䣬Ļûüµ״̬Ӧ۱һҵ𶯡ǸովŸѴҹ̶ˣ϶һع

ҺþŸ練Ӧ졣

һ£̾뵽ˡ쿴ء

У۶ŵļʻûоŸķӦ죬Ȼͼ˱򣬵ûüϣڲˤߵᡣ

ŸҪظʲôע⵽˵֮Ҳĵ˼

֮еǾΣյʶӦȥס˺ͺͯǳʱ䵣߽ɫǾôȻġ

̫ˣû¡ĳһʵ֤Ĳ²ǴģǷˡֻǲ̫ףΪʲôô֮࣬һˡ

ȻԷǻˣıֱӿѯʶԷǾҴߣóĽۣĴһ۶ŵǻһЩˮƯˡ

ݣӲͷƤ˵ˡС㣬ǳǸûǰ֪Ͱ˶ˡ

û¡ҵ˵ҷ͸ǵġ˵꣬Ҳʱһлû˵ꡣ

˵ΪԼŸеǸʲôõǸģֻҪʱ򣬲Ż˱֡ҪҲһҪΪĵġ

ʵ̫ò²ˡ

۵λñ޵ġ۶ֻĳķ֮һСһ̫ˣ·۶ųˡ

һģǱȱʲô߿ܲܲĵת÷ɿ졣ɵļһҲһϿĵߡ

۶ϵ˿ĳķ֮޴󣬶ûнˣضҪķֵǾԲܴӦġС˭Ҳҷۡ

λôΪʲôɵʻδ˵꣬ͱק˻档

ڴġ

ı΢ЦȴһҲˡ

Ϊ֪Ǹдɵľôֱӣôῴɫû˼޿续˵⻰ֻǰء

ȻɵִǴԽǰôҲϰ๤ˣôһҲء

һ㣬Żں;Ÿദ֮ͷԼԣԽظе֡

ȻԼж˿ģЩϲ°ܵļһжෳˡĲòС

𣿡Ÿ̽ѯʡ

ϸ˼һ£ҡͷаɡ˵ȫڣҲ̫ܡΪЩĺ÷Ǿ֪ô鷳Ҳû취İɡ

Щ鷳ˮСȻЩ˵鷳ŵĵعһһһĴ˳

СôɰôܲǸûн⡣

ĲٿطҺƽô죬Ǿǵˡֻṩ

۰Ϊʲôδ˶ûְ·ҵڽ˶Էһչƽ̨Ƶ֮չֱۣԵλϢ

λڲĸ֮һɹĸƷʵɳδ汾ʲ˵иֹܡ

ڹ϶ɳϴҲС

ˣǰ춥Ĳʸһ£͸ӵ¹ܡǣ㲻˵뿴𣿡ŸŬҪο

ذſţ˵ðڶ꣬Ҳûʲôÿİɡ

ھڵϣ׼ȷӦǺϣǿ籩ĺ档ĵһһ£ܵȥƹʵûʲôÿġ

ڵصģˮ߽ضһ𣬸ֲպͺ棬ʪġ

һ¡Ÿ粻֪ôؽļ֣춥͸ģʽڼʻҲһࡣ

ıûʲôͻȻڶ˼̧֣ͷȥ

ۡôľϲصɴ˫ۡ

˵˵ĵһοա

֮ǰҪôɣҪôᣬٲȻǴꡣ

վȻѵһʣ·ǳưôϴһ㡣ҫΧҹһ˶¡

Ȼ˵ֲǣҹзŹҲýǹģľͽˣֲ

𣿡Ÿ͸ռϿһ£رעϡͼƬϢ¾ǰ϶ˡ

軵СͬѧִԲ£һһôԲ졪ǹڰɡ

ڣŸһ߼¼һѯʡǸʲôأ

鲻ԽЦǵȻǳ±°ҪǺһЩ顣ھԲա

ԲŸԼĳﷴʻĴ룬һһ顣

д˳ڲ磬ÿһ̽߻ˡҲѾǲûݵĴˡΪƾ̶̵֣Ǿܸܵ׵ģνҸ

ֳӯŷÿһꡣ

ëǵȻʵػۣ±



Сʨ񻶺Դġʲô±

̿

֪ʲôôģСӡ

ǣҪһ±𣿡

Ҫ

ϲһ𣬾ʮҲСһİ




84.  ĵڰʮ   ɽ¥


±óԡ󡭡Сʨ˯֮лòϰ졣

ЦòС쿴, ˮˡ

һΧһҲǶЦһš

˵ˣԼ͵Ц

ʱش˸áֹ, ±ʲô±, , ֪˶, һٵġ

ҺãùڣȻꡣ

ǲϲ, Ȼٰѷչøһ㣬Ǿ͸ˡĿϧܲϾͺˡ

ͨĴ̽ҲܷԴɼ㡣Ÿػش

Ŷֲ֪ʶǵ÷ԭԭ򡣡ĺ֪˵Ŵ򿪽ٿ֪ʶһգһ̲ס

֪ʶ㣬еļܶһһ˰ɡ

ǹϵͳôģ

µܾúʲôڵ˵ɺԭ, ϵͳĴΪʱҪеļܣ

ȻԼɹͷ̲ס²⡣Ͼӵе̫̫õĶˡ

ԲҪΪԼ޴, Щôյдʧ

˼

Ľʾ֭

һǷۡϾǽϹģнм, ûʵ顣۵İȫҪڵһλ¾ͺ;ŸǴͷһ顣

ڶ, ǼĶ졣ǸʱëǶûӡʧȥ˿ռϢϣûĲο

ֻԼԽǰ, ٸͼϵͳķɴ׹ǰõĻݣþŸоСæģƶϡ

ģƶϣǵĶǼ״̬ҲΪĵľ裬Ÿ緢＾ĺˮͨˮ

ʲô˼˱棬һԪطţһͷˮüܺͼϵͳ룬Ҳףȡĺˮƽʱȵˮͬ

ж಻ͬͲˡ

Ÿ̷ϸϿΡʵˮҺ̬ȵ¾ͻ̣һ̾Ͳ׸ı̬

ȵȣǶ̣͸ļⶳôȡҶڻˡĲѯʡ

ǸˡŸһѵѧͣɽ֣ó˸ۡҲ˵Һ̬۵̵㲻һ¶ȣ԰ɣ컹ȣԲڻ

Ÿ磺ô໰׽ˡ

ɡ

һȥǾζţ¶ȵ͵˷ָҺ̬ǻǴݲԭ򡣵ȵȣҺ̬󵽵ǴģҪغ㶨ɰɡ

ŸҡҡͷԴûз֡ҲԺܿ򣬲֪

ݻɡĻĻŻŵԭԴƺû̫Ҫ

̫͵ĻҪСı£ͷֹ۱סҲǲܽİԼĵǺ;Ÿһ˵оС¹ȼ

û죬Ͼ͸оС³ɹһӱů··ᱡֺÿһϣľ͸оԼ40ȵĸ¿϶ˡ

Էһϸÿ̽߻˻ë׶·

ëǵĿʽгβ͵ĻβסС¹飬ĽҲ䣬˶ι״պȥñӸ

ڷۣŸҲ׼˱ůġ·ȫҪĵġ

ȻĻŵ֢״ûмᣬˡ

һϴôһ㣬ǽһŻ

ǣôˣɫѿСʨ񱻲֪ʱɳȥСһֵɫ̻Ŵ

û¡ʱŬȴͻȻֽŷŲסԼ»

Сʨʱ˵̺һ£ľ͵ˤųˡ

ϢҲƵҩӳҲƶģֱӰѴ̰͵Ϣ

ֻͨɲ룬Ӧð֪ˣǿŨ½ˡϵóĽۣŸȥ֤

ȻŨȼ½ûŨ޶Ÿ̽߻˰ë׶û󣬾ȻֱŨȵ͵ŵģű

ȥءŸƵĽһ̽߻˸ˡ

һо̽߻˽Ϲװá

Ũһĵɫͺÿˡ

һһ¾ǶԾŸ˵죬Ҫһװã۶һҲһġ

ŸȥԸ

İϰԼȥʻҡ

ϱǲϵģԼСܳˣҪŲΪðաƫ⡰ܺӡû취

ϣҴ򿪷۶ŵļء˵ҲֻӦ




85.  ĵڰʮ   ܰ

ػ洫

ĵĵûзΪһﶼ׹ҷɴҴ, ŨΣյӦԾḻ

Ũһ½Ǿʹ֣طڵĿ

ûȵһ, ͳˡ

ʲôĽŵؾסϵͷ

侲ذģ, ٻŸ硣, , ۶ڲˡ

ڧˣŸһ˵һ߿Χķش

ŸһʻңȺ, ȥˡλá

Ÿ磬Ÿ磬㡣˾Ÿ磬˸Ͻ̧ȥ

Ÿ˼ͣǰ棬ôֵػӭӦôˣ

Ÿ磬ȰȰǡذ˵ȫߴߴһƬ֣ǾŸôǿ㷽ʽ˵ʲô

Ÿܽһ¡۶žȵ˻, Щ˿ܾصǰ˵ͬҶѾˡ

û˵ͷ

ô£Ÿûʲô顣

Сֻ˵һ, ŸͶˡ

ȰȰǰɣô, ȥҪǴҰ, ȲŸ

ȷʵ̫ΣˡŸ绰˵һ룬Ϳĵ, ڷ粻ظˡΣΣգСҲǲܵġ

ģ̿ˣֻ۾žŸ硣

Ÿ˼Ƭ̣˷Զ̲ٿء

Ҫôѯʡ

Ȼӣ֮ǰõĳ򣬾Ÿܰ뷽۶ŵĿѭ˵Σվͻ󽵵͡

Ψһڡ

ȥļᶨ˵

СȥŸͬ⡣

İɣҽȥʱֻҪͺˡĶԼķš

ûô򵥡֮пҩԣûбأŸѹúܳף˻˶ֻţŸֱ÷۵Ĺ̶ˡ

ĶãǲϷŬΪֿܣԲŲܽȥ

ĵĵҲȻǴԽǰС˵ǴӷɴͼϵͳܿԼ˼άǶô˼顣

Щ˿ǵ˴⣬ô죿

ңôŬѵѧϰΪ˱ǰ˵գסĹ̶ɿˡؾסԼӣѵ߼Ȩޡƶ

ʲôŸ̽߻˻ûзӦĽ±ͻȻһ󶴣˽ȥ

ʲôʱĻأŸһʣ̽߻˶һҡͷ

Ҳ£ոġϵͳ̨ƸŸ硣

ǾŸ̱㿴ˡֻǶ̶˼ӣȻ֪ϵͳôһΣǳˡ

ȿȡٿˣҲϽȥ׷Ͻش

ѷ۵ϵͳˡǳȥŸ˵ͿǺüģϽĿڡܽġ

ǾͿϷŭǾŸҲܲˡ

̲סԹɵϣôķģһҪȥˡÿζԼŪôǱ

Ƶس̾һҪɵŻзģ

һеġ

һʼעˣ˰

̽߻ǲɵ˳Ĭ֮󣬻žɵѵһӲ࿴ǣ

ȴĬɬ

֮ࡣǲŲģûгʶзĵΪ˼άĻġ

ֻҪôһ֪ͨǼˡôЩ̽߻˵³֪

һ˻ֿܵǼˣ

СĬĬض̽߻ڲͨϢûзԣȴҲɵػش⡣

ܰ

ֻǵһеʱǶûܿˡһΣһܿˡ

ļϵС˸

ػ֮УҵȺһҺɫ̧ͷ˫׼Ҳ˸һ¡




86.  ĵڰʮ   ¶

ʵʱҲûøô졣

򵥵İ취ǳ۶ҵС, Լķϡ

ôأ

ʱһʤ߼پȵǸȴ޺죬еĸ̮١

ûбʧȥԼǸµξ붼ϸ, 㹻ӽŵ䵽ͷˡ

Сֻһĺͯ˵ʹࡣôĵأ

Ҫô

һһֱǾ, οҲϲȫһ˵

һ۶, ľͲеµȺĸƤƵ, ǰﻹе£ǲôҵС˵

ҵСҶȫĿǰ, ҪҳˡϾͷˡ

һ߷صˣҵС߻ˣȴôҲҲѹŵ·ĺ졣

½ŵѴϵַС

ļظϽɱȥƿѹŵ˹ȻСһѽС§ٻͷһƿǻˡ

Ǻ³˫

, ѡĺ飬סС, ţƤҲöˡ

˱˭

һŭ𣬽ĵĶ䶼ˡ꣡ʲôһѻ˳ô죿, ʲô취𣿡

ǾȰǶɡİ취Ǽ򵥴ֱ, Ҳȷʵá

Ĳʶˣʶֻһһʵǽ̫ĸ뿪, ǲǻ˲Ծˣжˡ

̾ѵתͷһ߹һû£ǴɡԼˡ

ǡȴ裬Ҳ񡣡

;ŸѵǿΣ֮ΪϤҲҪ衣ԲܷɵҪԼӦ

ðɣҪǱ̫ˡ˼ԡβóˡ

ɻ˵ʲôһǹ졣

ڵһʱ俪ףСˣô죿ðɣ

˵ĵһĿ꣬ȻǻˡϾ϶ˡģһûʲôս

ףϵͳô;ŸѵȷʵǸ޸֮ս

ʱա

Ķһ󼤰BGM

Ȼǳʵϣǰصġ

սһҪ塪

һ߶߶һֹֺ塣ܺһҪĲ˭Ĵиǿ˭еʱ¶١

Էᣬѽ·

еҺ̬ٱ仯ǳԶٿصģĿɾͲֹֻˡ

˼Ƶı͵Ϯĵı㳤⬰ĳ̣޴֡㱳۾ˣ˵áõ

ٺ٣ѵ㲻ֶ֪ʼ磬־һȥ

սĵڶҪ壬ÿҲҪ˧ҪǺʡ

ֳִսǳҪļգǳʺϳѧġǲƤҲƤ⳶һ

ŸоС黹ֲȡ˴ҩͿĨļϡһ˵Ѫ⣬ܽжԷɥʧս

ǵҲսḻԼŤĴ֮ܿ󣬿ĶɵĶԷļ׵ǲǿˡ

ǲò˵׵սҲǸܸܵġ

Ĵ򲻹ûлġΪսҪ壬ǾʱԽǽţԽǻٵʱ

ο򲻹򲻹û˵취

һˣһ

ֻáડһ˽α͵ǰһΡôõĻᣬôܷŹʤ׷ȫҺ̬һԲֱڶԷϣȻΪνڵذϡ

㶨ǴһƨڵϡǿɵˣһҪ

Ǹ˵ˡ˿˵ĻͷƤ顣

һתͷѾüˡ

ԲĿ࣬Ȼǿ˵ı֪ˣǵˡ

ĨһͷĺѻԵĵϵҺ̬ٻһôѴʣµһս

Ȼսѵսʵսѵ̫ˡ

øҩԼѪһŽ˴εĴѡɡ

𣿡źĸôݵ֡

ģȥ಻

ԼոһӦû͵һء

ոշŵĵ¶ں˵ʱ͵͵һҺ̬˵ذϣתȵ˲ȥʱ򷢶͵Ϯᡣ

һе˾ԷʤΪҺ̬ɫǳսкѷֱ档ǵ֪ôһѹ׵ľУӷҲûлˡ

ԣӦûܳһΡһٸɵһ

һ˽һȻУѹŶԷ

Ǳ߲˵Ĵú𾢡ѵеõؾպÿʵսһΡþŸǲڣԺ޹˼ɵս

ԡ

͵

⡣

Ҷٶһ£Ҿɱǡ˾ϻ赹Ϊʡ˽ɲҧгݣȴòͣ֡

ĲµĻػûáԼһû취ŵĸһҿ޷صʧܡ

ˣû뵽ɣҲǵһ졣˺سûֹͣʱ˿ڶʱѪٲһĽ

ĻıˣԼĵҲ

ô죿

ǧһ֮ʣͻȻǰâ

Ϥĸо

ĵɴ˫ۣ[ӥ]

ʹ۵ĹâǸȹεˣȻ֮ͫӳ

ŻҺɫ˴ӵϴ׾ٵ۶ĵ˵λ

ʶؾס˵Ķ֮ǰһĪʧֱӰק̫ˡļѵüΣſڡԲ𰡣Ҿˡ

˻û˵תͷ

һ˫Ưġ

һʱ޻ȴֺǧ˵С

ڿʲôϡ䱦֣أ˵С

㡭ʣȴ֪ô˵ˡ

ǵһʽ棬ȴһˡ

ְĺͿָУģڡ

̫ˡ

ĵֲɵشؿڡ




87.  ĵڰʮ   

㲻𣿡˿ڵһ仰, ͽĸϤˡ

̲סЦˡô˭

Ÿ磬ϣӡÿο˵Ķͬһ仰

Ц, Ϥտʡ㡭

۶űһҵػζһײ˵ı, ֻһ, ë׺

Сġë׵ĶԼ, ֱӰ

ʲô£ֿʼոճҸɵ˵ˡоϺˡ

ײҲѹˡ

ͱȻ˺ʹɿףȿ˷۶ŵĹ̶, һΣ˰һһ۾ֱܷ棬˾ֱӽȥɱ֮ǰˡ

ײĴӶһԴѯһ͵ػζֱһͷײǸ˵šʹ

һײ˼Ҳˡ⺣ʲôûУƽ̹ĻĮͱûˡײϵɽ֮, Ƿ͸ñסˡ

ֻʣһֿԡ

һ˵һѵȲ, ֱӸףӶ˳ȥ, һӹ, Ҵҵͷȥ

ǻҺɫ˶˵ȥ

һ䡣ôˣһ䵹֡ʲôʱϴģ

ҲûӦòǴϵҴ߰ɡӦòǻˡͷһקɡȥ

㿴˭ǻˡȵȣһ¡ǼǱųȥġ

Ĳ˵仰Ĺ, Ѿ嵽ȥˡ

Ÿ磡վڵƽַ̨ˣ֣̾ͣ͡
ոյ𶯣Ȼҷ֮䷢ײ

Ӧþܷ㷽۶Ÿո˼ʻĵķϿоŸĻΪʻиศ

˵һǧ֮һʧ

Ÿ硪ϡĺûκλش

ķʧȥ˿һ㣬һб޴յӰȴԶһ̵⡣

֪޴Դʲôʱת

ǾҪȫ䰮һмǰһ̡

ǧ˼ǷӿϣҪĵĴԡ

еˡ

ŸΣա

򲡶

ʪȱǱ˻ٻġԤı



Ϊʲôûһͨĺ޲ھͰԼԿǴ򿪿ǲȫˮԿǣ

ڻʾƫƫԵһɶ

˿ŭҲãûҲãʱҪģӦô죿

Ŀ˼ڤ֮ʣϵСͱһֻĲС߷ߵ͵ŹӲǰ˹

ðſҵġƵ棬˪һҪ˶ᡣֻŹȭͷϣȴǧ

ҡƺʲôӦ

ɿеҺ̬˲仯ĴеĶѽƽĴ˿ȫȥ

ֻʣһȼյķŭ

ֻ㡣˳ӵſ֣ǹɻĵļ

ˡ˵꣬תԥԾʮ׵ĺ˿ס

˿ͷʮѣ˵ûô

һׯ԰ʱˣڰΪѰϷ۵ʱٻʪȾķֺˮ٣æ֮ʣ˷ڲ

۵ʧأֻһֿܣǾǾŸܲٿؼʻҵ̽߻Ͼˡ

ë⣬ѧϰĳ̶ȻûеⷽеĵزõĿԾǷǻں͵˲

˾ûӮþʤոշ۲ʧأӦڵ˵Ĳٿͻ𼯹۶š

뵽ԼӦõһЯʽĵԡһ̨ԿɹʩչҲܷ췽ڵˡ

ֻʣԼһˡϳ˴ԽʱԴϵͳûʲôˡ

ֻȴؽȥ

Ȼǻŭ𣬵ȴӲѹԼ侲ҪСĽһĲֵǶ˵Ҫðա

Һã뵽۵ֲٿصҺ̬⵱Ϊ˵ⲿĵƣҲǱ뷽ۡ

ĽԼϵҺ̬ͷںһСؿϵͳļܣ֪ڲ

кܶĹӣԴһ롣ȥ֮ڣȲڹ

ǵһͿסˣġ

ıһѵѸɡݮɡݮѹձΣ˳ˣݮȥ

̫ԭҲּ

ļѵڹӾԼſŲȥСĲּѡҵǣ˳Ǳ뷽ˡ

ûж

Һ̬ڹϿ˸Сףʹ̽ȷʵû˵ŲҲûС

ûоʹ˷ɣǽҺ̬СĵһЩȥϵͳе[֪]ϸȷϡ

ûˡȷʵе

İز¹ţӯֻèһء˵е֤ݣǾǴҵĵʳм

ԼˣԲᷢ

˵İһë״˼Ի˵ƹܺڵϣϽܵж룬ֻҪóʳǾ׼Ҳ˷ѡ˵ǵûʰˡ

ֻʱռƵĵˣŻ̻ʣݳ˷ѡ

ʳмķֲжϣԶֻһˡôֻһ

ĲжϡΪ޴ĴѾûˣжϡ

һȣǰϢң߾ǹҡ

˼һ£ԴڴңҺֳ̬ϸģ[]ͷ̽ȥ

ҪСġĶԼ棬飬ŲٿŽŷȥ

Ϣǿյġ

ŵȴŲʵΪʱʱ䣬۵Ŀռǲġ̽߻һ81ë27ôˣֻзֲڷ۸ŲԵ̫ӵ

ڴûˣϢҲûˣֻʣ¼ʻҺ͹򡣳ǵ޺վŲż¡

ѵ˵´ˣ

ҧأŲԼгżٵǵصĺХҪ̽ڵء

߬˫ȭسסԼ

ڳԼûκܾˣҲûκܾԼ

侲

Ȱ˵Լȴֹס˫սս۾ٿһͷĽ

ҲʲôûС

ֻмʻһˡ

͵˫ۣɿؽҺ̬ջأʻȥ

ĽŲһ磬һҲûСǻȴ޹ģҪĶˡ

𣿡

İɡȫѾӵˡЩ̫ˣȻһȥˣһһĽء

ףҲ̫СˡѾˣֻҪǻ϶ȫƻˡﲻֱӼһ¼ӲôõĻˣǻܽá

졣ѾʶͲΪǼΪʲôǿвʶĻΪһ˭ȥ񾯱Ӧʲô

ĵǰһƬɺ졣

ǻȫ




88.  ĵڰʮ   һɰ

һں俪ʻҵĴš

ߴվ, ϵȻſڵλãֻ춯, Ũδɢȥ㿪

Ȼֻü, , ȫˡ

Ũһɢ, ſڴ󶴵Ψһһ˶ߵĽϼ룬ոյڻ𹥻һ㻮Ҳû¡

⽣Ǹ׵, ٿȻγһһ׶ĽУ첽ǽϼ룬һԾͳ壬ȥ

ոջβɴݵĽϼ룬ɲǱ㱻һΪ

Ȼû׵⣬ڿ֮ʱ϶βסĵľ֮⡣Ȼ, عͷ󺰡ң˽ˣ

˻ŷӦ, ǿϼֻһտǵʱѾһ

һӰϿյ, ֱӳǵı, һȭͷԶ

ŤͼֿȻǵֻδ̧㱻ĺطŵˡֵͫӳһצεĹ

㣡״һ, еĹ⽣һһ֮һ˳ìֱҪȥ

ĴûоʱȻ֮ĴڣõĲ˵ÿһٳһPPTÿһϸڶ

֮ȣ˼ȴù֣ǶյĿ磬ХŴԽе谭Լץס

δƼܣֲɵĵӰЦһһָûж

ʲôɵϣ⽣ܳĿƼᾧֲսѧ֮ĵôܶȥɡźϧ֮飬һĵĲӡ

Ȼƫƫȥ

ָɥĲ˴ģͺˮͻȻܳ裬һпգ޻̸֮

ȥǲ룬ǲܡֽŶ̶ֱ˵ˣᶼ͡

סģĸոſڵնĽϼ롣Һֻ̬ڴʱٿأԶ˲ߣͺͷû

ԸոײŻ޾رԽϼ롣ΪδǸĳʶ

ȻܲңԵǺ޳ʶԵĴԽġ

Զ˽ӲϣǾ͸ĶźŲÿ̫оˡ

㡢ôģ࣬Ｗ

ȴĽ͡˵ֻޱ飬ֱһ½ΣȻؽһһߡһ

Ѿɵˡ

һˣ˭ҲûҲûгԿ˳ˡվû˿ļʻڣյģûһϲá

Ĳ룺׳գٵֹ鷢ģԼģԼʲôʧȥ

Ȼڡ

ʲôûС

㾲

Ϊʲôķߺ޵øŽ׵ȭͷԼԴ

һֻȭͷ

˵һִֻԴȭͷһ¡

Ĵʱŷ˾ȻʱڼȾ״̬£˱ȸոյ׸

ȭͷϵĽˮһӿˡķʶġǸȴ˿ûз˼ĵҺ̶̬

ң㣬ֻǿ˺ԼûüͨͽˡϤˡ

̧ͷһŷ֣ǸҺɫ񡣺ðɣľǶë׵ĶӡȽ̡оǡš˼û¡Ҳ벻Ҫ㿿߽

վߵԶһЩɿ˶Է뿪

˾ͨˡ

˵ղϢֻ˵ûҷ۵ԿףҲĿٿطⲿҺ̬Ȼô̵ʱ˳ؽ뷽ۣ֪ӦöڻеҲʮó

ҡֻ㡣Է˫۾͸¶Ϥģζ

ҲҪľܾùϡֲẹ̀װʲôοزʶֶ֪

ҡŻҺɫԥãȾ˷Ҷ˪һ㣬Ҫߵʱ򣬲˵˿ڡҽŵ

ŵĲתͷȥ

ĿǰڻˣֽʽͬƵģûϹ

壡

ĵĴԵһʱ쾯

漴ͷӿ

ֻһʲô˴ӻǻ˴֪Լ֣Ҫ𣬿ɲô׵顣

ȣҪңԶĹ硣

㡣ҲǴԽߣ

ȻĻߣȴһ䡣Ϊʲôң

Ϊ㡣ŵ̹Ȼػش˶٣˵֪ɺûеӦҪҡ㡣㵣ĵ飬ñİ취ֹ

ľͱǺĶһ

ԼĶ񣬺޷¶ԼţĸŽ׵ִԼǰͬԼκ˺ľٶֱɱҡ

Ž֪ἡ£

Ҳ˼ɻ󲻽⡣̲סģΪԾ춯ԽԽ졣

۽ƳͷֶԷֹǺģŰļȾһ޿ڵ糺졣

⡭ȻëףҲһɰ

ŵѵʿˮ˵԰Һ̬Ŀڡκ㺦µĵľٴ룬㶼ֱɱҡõģ㡣ֻѡ

ȻĸոջЩͻȻ

ô֪ܸղҺ̬




89.  ĵڰʮ   ֮еʵ

ĵĿ֮, ŵ̹ˡ

ҿ֪

ǸոģҲɵһɣҲЩھεԲ, Ҳǹ⻳ġ

ŵ顣㡣

ΪǸոտģǹȥ, Ӧ˵ǰ˰, ġ

̩֮, ǳŮΪػսʱӢˣѤöĿʲô˼, ֮жġ

ֻ㡣ŵֱֱģ˫ƯĴĺֻӳǰˡ

ҺɫĶժ£¶Ŀ

Ŀֱ۾ƲĿ⡣

ڷһ˼е

ĪˣΪʲô᳤ôÿôֱԼƾϲõ3Dģ

䶯촽üΣȴû˵

˵ʲô̫ˡ

ҡı͵͵Լһ¡, ƾһôͲѧֲֹ⿴տء

ë׵ǿ, ֵẹ̀ô

ˡǹϾܾ

˰˳ʲô, Ȼôɺϡ͡뵽ɺϡʱ, ̲סЦ˳

ΪϾкܶ˵ɺϡϵͳ

ҿ԰æҵǡҺó˵ġŵȵòУĽ´˵ּֿ졣һ԰æ, ֻҪҪҶԡ

ĻգۣþòŻش𡣡¿ԣʣµľ˰ɡ

˵ͺˣȻɫˡ

ʵŵǱȻġΪ̫ⷽտˣյһѵһعĹͷ̶

ûоŸ硢ӡûдҵĵط˾ò˳

ڼʻϣͷԷ£һʱţ֪ʲô

ô죿Ҫôҵң˵·ʵԼ

ߴﹾ࡭ĵĶӲʱ˵ؽ

ǰʮСʱûԶˡǰӰൽθѪǵǻܰһ嶼Ͼĵϰ

˵ٳһ٣һٳһڶᱻϸĵע⵽Ȼøְ취ֲȻʳԣĸʳ

뵽ӣվԶҪڴһ֮ǰúõչԼϾǱҰŵԼ

ƫƫûһҲûһԶͷ治Լ

Ŀյʱ򣬱ǼһϤζ

ϣľϲֵתͷȻֻŵӹȻ޷ʧͰӿͷǿţǿӦ

š˾ѧһ㡣ŵؽӷǰŬҪġҾúˣҪҪ

Ĳͷ

ʢһ̶⣬ե֭

ǿһڣ۾ʱһζȻһģһһ˴Żե֭ʲôֻҪԭһ˭һɡ

Ĳһ

ե֭˸ɾ࣬ʹù֭ʮˬĵ͵ʳģ֭Щͬϡ

õģ֣ɡһı⣬ˬ㡣

Ĺ˽֭˸ɾθڴ󿪣һ̶ԵþȻ

ǳųţ֪ôأͻȻеЩζˡ

̶̵ģеŶͷԡ

ŵҲֻԱߣؿ

ĸ㣬ᣬ̵İɡ

úܺóԡллسˣ˫۵л

ŵ鲻ԽִԼǰٵǿһţ޹һ㣬ޱȡ

̫ˡ

Ц




90.  ĵھʮ   еֵļһ

ո˵óˡʲô취ڼʻ, һ߼鷽۵Ĳϵͳһѯʡ

ŵЩ飬شõǺܿ졣ҿԸ֪ضĴڡ͵칦ְɡ

ʵҲࡣԼĸֶиӦֻǾ̫Զ, ָӦͻᱻԼ˭ˮµʵԼŪҲпԭġ

˵ֱֲӶ˵ŵȫ޽, ֻôģ˵ˡ

⺬˵, ⡣

ȴһֻ۱һֻ۷ŹҲһĶ, ڷ۵Ĳϵͳҵ벻ĶǾ͵칦ܰɡһ£

ʲôŵʻû꣬ķųһλе¼

, ҪġǵķˮͿϻˮʱ⡣Ҫ&#%@εĳˣûγ

ǾŸ硣֮ǰͿ޵һͿȦøˡһˣֻɲǺ

̽߻Ĩ˷ˮͿϣֻǵؽˮᵣġڿǵ˶ǵĳֽţҵ֪, ˮôܲĵġ

ĵĵëס

ȺСɵϡ

侲, Ҳòڵʱ״£ΨһĽ취ëǲˮ, ϵĵǿ϶ҲŹǡ

һ, Ҳѡġ

һ˵ǿʼҰɡ

ãھȥŵ˵ͱ侲סˡ

һ̫ˡԶ˶, ץסŵֱȥϸһ£ĸӦôõġҲûе̡

һͲò˵ûóϵͳͬѧˡȻԽϵͳǸ۲۵Ŀӻǲòϣżɵóʱ

[]ܣľûʲôãǸպ֪ʶ㸻ԣͶһˡڿɾó

Ľ[][е]ܽϣ˿̱ŵԼν칦ܡ

ҪôԼֵֶĸо

ŵͷ󺹡

šļ֧֧ؽȻļ٣ôɵʵ˼尾ľԼѧЩ֪ʶЩѰ˵Ļе

ˮѰҶӦҪɡ

һ򵥵ƻһԲ壬еֱë߹롣ϵԴڽ֯

ȶȸӦװãӦÿ԰æҵëסëҪǺ̽߻˲òԶǾܸˡûУǾ͵취

ѰҵҪСٵĵطǶܽȥҪǵǱϸҪеҪᱡ

ܰ̽ĵطռݷ̫ѵʱüһˡֻҪӰαܡ

Ȼ󡭡ţõĻ˿Ҳչ¶һ˿Ц

̽߻ģɨػ˰ǡ

ֻġ

Ҳֻᡣ

Ÿ磬ϡıűĽǣš֪òӦ̲ס

Ҳ̲סӦ

һҵǵġ

һůůǺġȻһ֡

Ļعͷ۾죬ֻӵŵ̲סЦˡ۾ʲô֪ȻҵǵġֻǾá

ֻͻȻ뵽֣е˰ˡƺнĿܡţԼһҵǵġ

һյȥȴ

еûֹֻ࣬һὫߡֻһ뵽һҲʹ࣬ȴʲôľ͸еˡ

һڵĸܸʹ࣬һǧһ򱶰ɡ

ǣŵûס

һʱѣ̿ƺǻᴫȾİôҲôУ

ŵһ㶣ӵʡǲǲô

ԼܷȥʲôĳֻˣԼֻǸĪİˡ˼꣬עµģġ

ûСȻԡлл㣬ŵŵϵصлû˿̴ߣһᱻɱһļžģҲͲһ侲˼

ŵŵŵƬ̣漴Ͷֵȥˡš

ûϵһԴӿʼһֱˡ

һֱһ뵽ϲõĴʡ

һֵʻе֣Ҫһǽȫɡ

ŵŵȽϺá

ȻǸֵˡ̿




91.  ĵھʮһ   ɰ

߼ܵع, ŵѹʱԷ˯Ժͳû

ŵÿŬѧϰԼЩ߾ܵչ˺ĵǱҪ, ҪҵЩ̽߻˺ëǡ

ֻ֪ԼѰҵĽʲô

ʷѾȫͬˡȴҲ޷֤ʲôҲֻܾΪ



ˮ̽ͷȻһѾ֪˷ԲüķΧ, ȫҲԼ, ˽ǿ۵òеı塣һʲôĸ֪

Ϸ, ˮ˳ļ»ӨˮűߣĽ

ˬ, մˮƤӦܵ⣬ȻûУֻǺνվԭ˼һĵ

վ𣿡һͻȻӴ򿪵ﴫ

ĵһ˲һڻˡ

ŵתе㲻˼˵ô䡣ǣǻ𣿡

ûС㲻ҲôվţðġıŸԡŽɡͷҲҪɡ̫, Ҳ

ŵɫԼͷŽ, ֱͺһֻ󹷹û

ëһë׾ͻ̲סߣǱܡ˵, ͷָһ, Щʪˬ

ߣѣŷӦ, ⲻԼҵȺëףʱǺʶغ˱ܿȴֶԷԼҪ졣

ȻǸߴˣȴʮСܹɵСɰ

ɡ̿۵ġͷɡ

øˡ

Ļǵһ֪˵ܺ͸ķѡϲԿɰ𣿡

ҡҲ֪ûгԹֱ衣ŵʵػش𡣡ܺóԵӡ

ֻǸʱ򣬾ͿܶΣһʳ¯ĵ̢漷ı⡣ֻǿͺܺóԵӡ

Ҳ˼˼㡭ȵȣ֪ɰǱ裿͵طӦֻض²ŵĴʻ㡣

ŵʱסˡ

ɲʲôĽ;ͨصġ

ǧһʱĵͨѶǽ㣬ҵ˿ɵźšѾλ÷ˡ

õģлл̱㱻ȥˡ

ŵʱӹһ١ļٱܻȥıӰ̲סһ

ɣȻĲŲŹתͷգգۡɰࡣ

ŵʱһ飬زԼ·׷




92.  ĵھʮ   ҵˣ

źž𣿡ĶСϢ, ϸϸغ˶ԡ

ʵϣ֮ǰҲõĸƵźţǹȥ֮ȴ˸աֻʱ, ĲžǴùˡ

ģ, пˡСʵǳ뵽, ʹׯ԰ô, ҲǳЩʧٵǶǶôҪ

ﰲԸôʳԴһ̲סʡ

ٱԴʳҪöࡣ

ȻС⼸첻֪شٴˡΪûκܵôڱ, ǿǻȥʡ

رʲôûеĻǣЩʶǲġ

ҵ뿪ǵİ취ôõЩҲûжûɡɻӣˮ

һ뵽취ġֻҪҵЩˣõɴ档СҷۺϣǾͿܡ˵Ļ˻ϲʵжɥ

ĳŵԮǵΨһҵˮе̽߻Ǻëǡ

ȴѾʮ˸Сʱˡ˵Ǳ壬һҲûСˮ, Ƭضûˡûˮٻе˼·

ûܾȵ, ЩԮ𣿡Ҳ˵硣

ȻᡣﰲĬĬƿߣԸ⿴Щ˵ǽȥ

̫һůĽ㡣

ӲΥŵԡ

ʲôЦ, Ϊİ̩𡭡ȵ, ʲô

ﰲ˳˿ȥķȥ̼ҲƵ, ͨѶ㣬㡣һξˡ㣬ҿˮж

ʲôĽӵźţ޲̸ԼķһԳȥ



ĺ¼ˡȴյζǱȴѰ

ͻȻһֻסǣ

˺֣еֵĿɰҪǣֺů

ĵĽذˡܲҵġԣúµġûʲôúµġ

ʻ˵طԼ׼ȻһȻǵӡŵŵҿ

ʵͿˣ˵͸ܵˡĴڸеȻݺӣССտӣڿ̫ʱôĻȸԾԺӡ

ǣ㿴ŵ򿪲ţľӭĳ˵ĺ㣬ɵ۾

貵΢֮УԵĺ֮ϣһþȻͦţïܵӭҡҷƯ̹⡣

Ŀ

ȻĿǣǿþ֦׺С

ǣ

Ÿ磡ϣӣľ͸һƤͻͻôĻ죬ôϲеĹâԶˡ

ŵҲ̲ס¶΢Ц

ܸˣǾ㹻ˡ

ֻǡҲҪˡ

ŵŵҪȥۡļȵСĲһŵֻü˵һ˼Բŵŵ

ҴҵıӰŵԭأþõء

ЩʱҪֻԳʵ壬ܺ˵վڰȺͺˡ

ȻҪࡣٶһ㡣ֱʲô޷ĵ׵Ŀȱ

ŵŵĴӼʻұץס֡һȥ˵ŶŸ硭

˵໰Ȼŵ˼ֻͣǰһ̡

һ

ŵЦšá

ҵ˴ҡȺ鳲һ㻶졣

Ȼɿϴʻ֮ʱȴͻȻһ·Ӧ˵ǾݵӰ

ʲôʻ˾

̴飬ˮ¾ȻʲôɿؽӽۡǻеС״жϡǱͧ

Ǳͧϵʲôˣ

ң

ҵػڵķ۾ҵҡ

ðɣոյдˡ

ǵˡ

Һ˹̶ûӼʻȻŵûй̶Ȼվúȹ̣ǳڷɴĵذһ㡣

ŵŵԼ̶Լʱ飡ƿڴҪеŭɱˣĶܰǱͧˡ

Ÿ˵һóˡ

زٿأ۵ǿɶóҺ̬ͷˮûʲô

Ǵң

ŵ͵͵ذæǿòˡ

Ȼǳŵ۾ˡ

ķ߷ߵؽǱͧǣس

ԣڲǸЩС˵ʱ򰡡ĸɴҺ̬Ǳͧڷ۵ĺ档ʻŷۣķɿسǺϵĴ

򿪲ţĻûü˵أͱߴߴë˸š

ë״¾Υˡ

ů

ķϮһ̽ػůˡıǣѵ̧ͷ̽߻ȴþõûп

Ÿ磿̧ͷȴһ롣

̽߻Ȼȴãʵһ֦ϡֻҪһ˿ܣԻëһġôԭزء

Ȧ̺޶޲

û¡ҺþŸϵͳãпԷȻĳްҪ춼©ˡ

Ÿ磡תˡ




93.  ĵھʮ   Ǻ

ĸһ, 侲Ÿ磬Ǹô죿

ȣժŸ翴侲, ʵĺΡ

Ϊ̽߻˶һرϣһɷյľʵеЦ

ıЦ˺һ, ھŸŭ, ŵһѴҰŵӸ, ̧־ܽ̽߻˱ǳᡣ

һ߲ٿҺ̬Լߣһ̲ס͵Ǹͷβ͸¶ɵ, ȴеϤϸڡ

ֵ̫ͻȻˣǿŵЩͷĶ񡣺ðɣɷϣë׵̶ǷǳɰûҲڸЩɵ㡣

кܶʣȻʱ˫ڵ˸ֿĹâû취ʳڡ

һٳ˷ģ֪⣬̫Ȥ, ˰֣ͣ

, ҰɡСʨ˶ĵֱۣԼ˼, , ڵͦɰġ

Ȼ岻ܶˣƤӵúܣֱӷ˸İΪӦ

ıùЦ⼸ջüǳһɨաûʲôȿָõƷˡرǺͰһֿ֡

ժ̽߻󹤳̡ĺŵ, ëҲŬԱ߰æ̽߻ǰȥСذ

ǼһˡŸ磬ͷʲôǱû취жģֱӴͼϵͳʼ֢

˲ǵļࡣȻ谭УʵϣһĻ˶Ĵ

Ÿ꣬˵

Ȼ˼άû£ҪָжֻҵԵ˼취

֪ⲡࡣĻһ¡ǽ׶Щ˵ġϣͼϵͳϡ

طϣͻȻһһ⡣

ȵȣ˻ڡ

ʲôϵ˸ʺϽء

ĸϽȥףͻȻɲס˳˼ػعͷŵŵŵҹţ

⼸æĽŲմأŸ˵ټ鶼ͿعȥϳʲôЩǲˡ

Ҫ֪Ϊ˳ԲҪİ

ϴĿռŵϵػشʵϣͰЩɾˣŵȥյβͣȻʲôǵˡ

ãллˣӣǶҸõԵİɡˣŸǵԴ϶ˣóСͻȻһе£ڷתڣ֪ԼҪʲô

Ÿ翴ȥˣ뿪ڣͱŵȡ

ŵס֣˵𼱣ǡһһɡûϵģҶѾˡûϵġ

Ľǲ鸧ƽܾú˼ˡ˵öԡһ嵥ɡ

ʳԴ⣬ͺˡŵʱܶ̽߻Ϊҷ

嵥ĹУŵȽ˹Ϊÿ̽߻˶ṩһڡ

Ÿѵѹ⣬ôг磬Դ˿ڻܲ˵ġŵٵҳת⡣

ëǴӵˮڶ˺ü죬һ˵гԵģǶӽеô˷͸ϳֶһ

ôһȺ۾ˮСɰǶţôܰסֽʾվȥʳȻ˵һ㣬ҺѾ˴ĴʳӦҲҵӦİ취

ǵǵϻûгѣͿŵһͳˡ

ۣϹϱ࣬ɽҩϲȵģ~СʨԵòֺëҲͷԡ

óԡ̵ֱ̣Ƥ졣

ϽŵöƾԼ̧ˡ

Сġҿŵҩ˹̺Ƥŵˮ³ܣ֮󣬲С֣ҩ

Ϻ;ŸĻ˸պðڸڣĿӡ

ϡŸ磺СǺа




94.  ĵھʮ   ʳĶ

ûע⵽Сž, ֱס˵ļñʳⲡİ취ͼϵͳֻкŵš

ССĲֻʮСʱͽһǼ˸߼ƼˮƽݡĻеʹ̱

µǸʱţûνĺ

Ǹе̱ôˣǸĲôģЩھĵȻûһ𰸵

һ뵽, һͷ

ֻûд𰸵ȥˣͨ׼, ˬعȥõһͿ, Ӷһ¡

ǴԽ֮ǰ

, ǵɽ𺣰ǰͷҲֹ

ңĳȥһһ, ۵Һ̬ǽϱͳһ

ˮѾȽˣһȥ²ȳˮȹˡ

ΪѰǣµõ䱻ˮˣ۵ĳˮ߷仯Żᱻ֡

ԭǣҺ̬ģû÷ϵͳŻм©©뾡취ֲ

ǸҪǣˡ

Ĺ˲ԼЬӽˮ, ɿضˮǸ󶴱, ڹˮ̽

ѾһʱˡĲҺ̬Ĵ, ʲôҲû̵ôһ, ˮûСȶˡĸϽҺ̬ǽϵĶ

ˮ͵ˮųȥǡ΢ͷ̾һô죿Ŀǰѧ֪ʶԴֲʵٵÿ

һδȱƼʶ

ΨһֵҵǾŸе⣬ûİ, ֻʱʧȥж

Ÿ磬ô죿Ĵͷɥ˻ֱھŸǰһҪѰ𰸡

㣬ڴҴڼˡشȴŵ

˵գǰ㣬쵽˱䡣ʵ˾ɥ

Ҫ𣿡ŵԥһ£ѯʵ

Ǻú˯ɡĻعͷһëҲ˯ˣѻһ飬㰤ңҰ㣬˯ʮ𡣡Ҷۻˡ

˵ҪúñǵģȴһٶʳԡӦҪΪ֮ŬƴȫŬ

üΣŵ˵ŵŵܰչһ´Ҫȥоһ²ô

Ȼԡһúչ˴ҵġŵͷϵشӦȻӦûҪܾκҪ󡣲˵ĳ

ĸҪͻȻͨѶĿǰ˵ֻз۶ŵ˻ͨѶĽ˵绰˼Ȼڿǲ⡣ʲô£

ţ˼С㣬Ѿҵˡ˺Σ֧֧ذʾ

İԼ˼صԻǼҪԿǵȣʾԲˡ̻شõģһṩǵģȱĲ嵥ɡ

ˬ𾪡ҪṩǵĲޱҪʣǵץһѾе

ǽ㣬Ÿǻ𣿡ﰲҲûĴк

ԥһ£ǻشšǻá

ʱͻȻ뵽һ⡣֮ǰֻŵˣתǼ򵥣ھŸǶˣӦؾͼӡ

ëһҲеرǻҪ۶ʵĻ

ĵͷֿʼˡ

⡣ŵŵܰҿһ£֮ǰǱͧôˣˡ

Щһһģ˵Ҳ֪¡

ȻʡҿҰѰĻ˸װһæɡһߵֹԼļƻһ߿Ҹط¼

һʼдĵľͰˡܱʼ飬дһѡ

ŵͶȥˣҲȥˡ

Խ˼嵥ԽԽĴĿǰеĲ⣬ֽȱķת⣬ٵԶļڸ⡣

ҲǶٵ⡣֮ǰڵĳ㣬＾ӦûʮͻˡĶ⣬ǳĵ¡

Ҳ˶ֹͣĿǰʳﴢԶԶġỹҪڲֿľ󲿷͸һ

鷳ˡ

Ȼյһ̧ͷǽ̽߻ˣǻ۵ɽһͷһӾƮƮȫ㲻һ

ûϵֻҪʹһܻа취ġ

ǱͧڣѾˡȷϹˣǱͧĽڡӦǳߵġŵϻ㱨

ͬʱһըϹϱִ࣬Ŵɿڡǣ

۵ش̼ĵҺ

ǣҪϢһ¡ŵ

кܶ๤ûꡣţǿԼҪתͷȥ̫ˡƴʿˮܾٵһ¡

Ȼʱ򣬿ɰëǶζˡСʨ񼤶غһۣϹϱҪԣ

к춹ǳӣҪ𣿡

Ҫ

ʣëܵûĻشġ

Ա˲źøɻ

Ĺ˵شںź춹Ϲϱһޡŵһ԰ǳӡ

ŵ˼չ

ˣֻǸϳжôֻҪͿˣ

Ķʱ۾һ

ʳȻĶԴȪ




95.  ĵھʮ   Եĳ

ĺȻؽӹŵǳ, һһŴ۽ڻˣֱԡ

ϧ, ûˡĿϧҪ[԰]ӿѡͺˡ

룬ЩӶû, Ǹҡܱûк, ̫̰ˡ

һ뵽ǳһһ, ĳϧζҲޡ

ŵԵǽһСͲѰʣӿǼˡʮֿ⡣̲סΪʲôѡ񣿡

Ϊ[԰]ӶѽĽӿϧؼس, ڻش꣬Ų֡

[԰]ӵ飬ûкŵ˵

ԼҲûа취Īһ仰ɡʵʱǸﾳͱɼܵĹˡ

͵͵΢̧ͷĵר־ضԼϵĶСذӿǡ

޳ָǷϵı鿴ʮ֪࣬ĻΪڴʲôǼʴ¡Ǽʵִ¡

ǣŵһ֪ز, һƵӵݵ, ۵Ϣ

˫Ưˣӯ˹â, â

šллĽӹ, Цˡ

ˡһЩĪɺϾô¡Էһװɡ

뵽ôˡ嵥ʵ̫ˡǵֲ°, Ƶ̾

ҪѰõĻ˸ͶҲҪԼ֡Ѹʱ˹ƣһҲҪİСʱ

ҪͶи˼߼Ǿ͵øࡣÿһܿɶҪʵʵػҪҪܰæͻˣǾ͡

ͽͷ

ƫƫȱľʱ䡣ڶ֮ǰ׼ʳҲҪճޣҲüޡϾ֪ⲡʱ䷢չ仯ʲôӡ

ǽ㣬ʲôʱȽϷأ㣬ҳġСͨѶ

ˣ͵鷳

ǾЩϷõģŸǶûлָжʵ̫ΣˡοôСҪúñ

ŶСССʨ˷ܵվţͼͨѶϸë޵βڰлȥúС̲סܶ

ǵģСܡ

Ҳ㡣յʱһ֪ͨġҪһ¡ۿɼؽˡ

ôȰ͵ʸ㶨

ŵҡҪ乤ߡһʼЩŵʲô֣һĵ̫ˡ

;Ÿ̽߻оС鹤ʱĬǵϡ档Ͼе̽߻˶ĸԼϰ߸ġ

ǳǣŵһҲ˳Ͳϵı裬߾ƥ˵ĳ֣ҲһͰ

֣ҪŶллĸҪֻǶһڣŵ֪Ҫʲô

ֱԼڸɻ

̫ˣ㶨ĸɵ𾢣˱Ҫٵʱ͵ĻˣԼõʰᵽ˸ոļװϡ

ҲʵһҪơ

÷۱Һ̬һƽ̹ĴװʱҪƽʣԺԸֲǾ㹻ˡ

ı켸ֲ˳ëԸ±ʾǿԵչֲɫ

ȻëһȽóˣǲɷϣǸ[԰]ѧ˲ũ֪ʶܹе񡣵Ȼ[԰]Ҳֲ֧СӲɻȱҪԱ

˳һᣬŵȻҵ˰취[԰]Ҫࡣ

ȻֻҪӿ[԰]ϢͿԽӳӦӡĵõԼҪȻ֣Ȼ̲סԼó嵥дµһ

ֻʹõо

Ϊٵÿũҵ֪ʶ룬Ҳ֪ӱӡ

Ӧڵһջ֮ظ֡ջ񣬾ңԶһ

ÿӶҪ[԰]õǾһ޹ضϳ롣ⲻѧ취

ȵȣ뵽ˡĻֲϵͳ˵ϻӰĹʵ֮ǰһֱ仰˼дˡ

Ҳ˵[ʳ][װ]ţӰǽĹʵʳòͣߵõԼҪװ

ĵ˼άһɢ̾ƯƵʮǧ⡣

뵽˾˴һǿôһþ޴󵽴ӺչϵĴǴӺζģ

ںˮ֮ǰҲڻĮ˺Զû˻ûЩëȻĹﵱȻڡ

Ĵ

벻ס

ǣжǿˡܰһ𣿡С¹Сشſ̽ͷѯʡСɰضԱ͵ĵɫ

ȻԡպõϢʱˡڵϢŵŵġȻûϢŵ˸ܲǰ棬òԹѭ

ϢĽģܳһ𣿡С¹黶ز˲

ðɡߣһСɰë׵ıӦúˬ졣

ĿٵزҺ̬Լ͵ϣתͷѯʵʲôͻȻǰϵͳ

ǡ

ݲϵͳ




96.  ĵھʮ   ݱ

ݣĲŵؽг

, ʲô˼ѽݲڵص±ˮû𣿡С¹ӯһԾڵ֦ԴչȥȻʲôҲ, ʡǣ𣿡

ǵġ㷴Ӧ˹˵ʱôΧ, ԭΪ˵µġ

ô˵, һʱֿҵ㰴ť, õһýûǾŸ䵽ûһͣҵҲϼѡ

һӳҲ̫һɡ

ܹ۲죬, ǺϵĲ־м׸ߡ֦Ҷïڴöסˡȵȣסˣ

ݵλôʱҲǲ԰οÿ궼һֺˮӦҪǰǡ

ˮԺҲҪ취

Ͼֻҵ츳ǾɽɽˮˮûʲôǲܸıġĲ˵ˮĹ£ǿòˡ

, ˮ涼ˣ赼ȥ

ĵ˼һɢ, һʱղסС¹ϰߣСԱϷˣ, Լ

, ҲһʱǵȾŸǶˣɡǽޱ߼ʵ˼, С¹飬СԼĿڴطۡ

ʱ򣬻˵ʡ

ǽ㣬Һ㰡СıسĵĻʹǵĲ²⾯費ͬӲŲôࡣ

ǶСľٶֳŲһֱôȥĿһССԴǿӦˡ

ʶˡȱĲϣ嵥øҡĿżɽ˵

˱˼뺮һ£ˬ̬ȸҭסˣƬ̲Żش𡣡õģлл嵥ﲻܸģҲǿ

ȿһ¡Ľӹ嵥һһ˶ԡȻǻ˵ôƣе嵥ǰ㲻ҪǶӦ֮

Ӧ£һġûҪʳԡϾ˳ŵҵ˾ŸˡҲҪǵŸ̽߻˵ʹ󡣡ЩҲûеģҾû취ˡ

õġ鷳ˡôϡ˲˼ؿڡ

׼ˣһ֪ͨǵģǸͨѶ˵ʹطȥˡŶˣڻиȹҼ

ǽ㣬һһ𣿡СõʡͿſ̽С¹飬زסÿ֡

ΪˡȻСˣ֪˵˻ô롣Ҫ˵ſԡ

˵ҲûжͬˣԼõȽղϵʱСžĽˡľӦǸÿˡ

Ҳ㹻ǿˣŸ̽߻ˣëǾܹسǰˡȻʱͲˡǰȫҪ

飬СͽչˡİСëչˣԼתȥҼоˡ

˵оʵΪ˽ùĵµĲ⡣֮ǰûֻҪƹ½ӾͿþŸ»ָж

õǳֻ̱̱еĻӦûбİ취ɡ

µľǳѧߡ

ţ»ѧɶҲɶҸɸ롣һֻ룬Ĳͬʵֵ;͹ߡ

ɹŸ硣˵ԼЦˡ

ЦʲôǣŸվЦӯӯҲˡţԶˡǣʲô취жӣǳ򡣡

ǡĸ뿪ڣһ𶯡

ֻһǧ鲻ܳڵĺгʻвڡ

ʲôΪʲô

һػ治ԹˣĸողŪĶ

Ĵ̽һ

۾Ȼֱӱ֦סˣˮ档




97.  ĵھʮ   ˵ܡ

Ҳ̫ˡ̲ס²ۡԼողҪ潨һˮʱ, ҲûͻȻǰһ档

Ǻôһ档

۱֦סˮ֮󻹲꣬ݵλڲϵǿǸ֦Ĺʵ, ҡҷ

ҡûˡ

ĲûӦôһСᣬ۾ҵػζ, ֱӰӼʻ˳ȥ

Ÿȥ, û뵽ûӦ», ̫ܵ죬һͷǽ˲ԼæŤͷȥĵ

Һ, ûˤšԭŵüʱ

ûбľŸ̲ס۾¶˺ɵɫĪֵ˸ովȻȻеӦ졣

ô죿ҪǱ̫ˣɾ²ȥˡǳһ㣬Һ̬ףŵҺ̬סذ壬ж

ǣôŸ簴߼ϰߣһһӦӷʽ

ҳȥˣʵڲֱӰ֦˵գȥ

һ߱仯ϵ, ɾһһ߲ɵҺͷʶѾû˵˰, ȻոǸζǵõˮȥɡ

, ڼʻľŸŵ֮սس

ŵŸ翴е㷢顣˵ʵ, ûôӹʵǽŵҪðĵزˡر֪˶ŮεҪ

ϧʱ, ЩѾ˴֡ΨŮʹ֤ʻشڹϣǽŵõĻек

Ҳ˵ŵǼһ֪

Ÿվһװ˾ŵȴҲֻŵߣӦ壬ߵǰȥޱ

Ҳ㾿˭Ҫ֪ǻڴˣҲκ˺

ŵصͷ

ȷʵˡصŵԿа̩Ļе

֪ŵ˵δ֮£鲻Խ˵Ҹ֪ǶжҪԣ벻Ҫáˡĵġ

Ϊ֮ļ꣬ûа취ֹͣġԣʹ֪Լıʷܻصĺŵûһ˿ڡ

Ÿ練Ǳ⻰ҭסˣãû˭׻ѡ񡮻𡯡

ҲҲһ죬ѡ·ջ޷ͻԸ⿴һ쵽ȴҲ֪ԼĲԸܷá

Ϊ̽߻ǶǼˡȻǵģǼеʱڲĳд˹

Ȼǹ֮Ĳˡ

Ÿŵ໥ţȴʮǧԶ

ϵһ仰̽Ʈ˼˻ǳȥôˣ֪ôˣ

ʱʲôǼˡڡδһȫѹŸŵ̶׷ȥˡ

ء鷳ˡ

ǰ۾Ѿˮ漸ʮ׸ˡϽ̽һYε辸պðѷۼм䣬ͬӳǶһ㣬һ·˰С

ĵͽϵ辡ƤȸӲôҲϡ¹󣬷취УҪӣٿ۾Ȼˮ漸׸ˡ

Ҳ̫ˡ

ĸ߶Ҫ׹ˮ棬𶯵ķҲǲС֪Ƶļܹʱ򣬸߶ˡһǧ׶ס

һ£ĲҲ֪ˡ

Ŀɲ÷ǵƵǵֿˮķۣûзĹܡҪڿ䵽ˮ֮ǰ۵ײ٣

֮ǰׯ԰ˮϵʱŸģʱ۸ܻյģҪ40%

ڶܵĴһξͻĴˡɲС

أŸˡ

Ÿ磡һüͷɿˣǺӸ״һ߼еغŸ磬ô죿²ȥˡôߣǿ֦ȥҲ϶ġ

ŸǿŻش𡣡ţȷʵ߶ȷ²ȥˡ

ĻûżŸ˵ˣʱҲȥǣ֮ǰ˵Ҫ潨һʱĵҿһĻҲǿԵġ

ŶĻعͷһǼŷ۵辣ϸ͹ӵˡڶˡ

ʱ򷽲뵽ߵ֡ݡ

˵Ϊʲôôĵѡ񡣡Ŀļˡʱǡʧ֪Ǹ

ȻҪϽأ̾ͰڿҪͼǾŸסˡ

ı˲ҪĻƻûء

ǵ嶼ܶءǲġ

ȸ˵ôӡһ졣Ÿһߺ˵ţһϰ߰ˡҲҪǵֿ顭

Ǽ飬۾ۡҪûڣԼǾţܵҪ

ץžŸ磬ҲƵȥŵŵæ

˷سңʼϵ̽߻˹жӡʱй˵ԼԪΪġҵʱȻⲡݵǻеĳǰѻеˣһ

Ÿ۾ɴһȦ

뷨˵ǰ޹˺߰ɣ˻벻ġѵĲϡɱԶǼʷͧ

ûгʶʲôһ£ûⱾơ

ŵԼ͵͵Цһ⡣̫֪ˡǼ˾û˸ɣȫȻƻر

ԣǰ̩֮ΧƵǳŮ

ʱëˣСسҡСʨһߺһһë׵һ˽ǣ׽ԲذɡСûء

ȻˣǼʹܾ˼ҽҪˡϢʱ˵ɡС𣿡

ȻɡףСشһ룬ͻȻƼŵ

ʱѾժǿŵµĶ񣬴Űɫߣӱɻ

ʱСϲôСҲֻǸСӣ͸谵ڵһ˵ѵġ

ͬʱСѵļҲʮֵġһϣÿİվǽĴǰ֮׵Ҹ־Ϯʱ򣬼Ȼǳ̡

ŵջعͷСһ̸֣̿е

СһѾ˵˳ǽ㣬վ㴲ǰˣ

ǰˣʲôǰһûͷûβĻȻһͷˮ

ǾŸȷӦ˹ȻҲųͿ˳ۡ

ŵֱӱŸĽʩڵءûΪûøô˵Ϊѡ

ʲôͻףԼǾ˺ġ

Ҳ֪Լܸ

Ÿ硣ĿűסһԵŵļһŸ磬ſɡ

ʲôŸһŵػعͷΪʲô

ĸ뿪ڣͿëǻŵϣ·߳Ϸ֡СʨкСء

ӣĵĻǵľٶҭסˣֵΪʲôʱǼҶ°Ϊʲô£

ûС𾢣ֱʶŵǵһôȻ

Сʨһͷˮʲô²£ΪʲôҪѽ

Сˮ̡Ҳ͡ΪʲôҪСɰѽǣ㲻ϲ𣿡

Сɰĸˡ

˭һװ˾ŵĴСɰ

ŵȻûгʣ鵽ͷ󺹡

ͻë׶è̶һۣ¿ˮ군




98.  ĵھʮ   ̫

ĺɵǡ

Ȼûһë׽͵Ͼʲôαװ, Ķڵ걾ʡ

ȻŵҲʮֲͣ˶Ÿ簴ڵˣٲ, ѵ뱻ȴķӦȫͬ

ЦŰС͵ҵëһȥ

ǡСһǵ

ĿСģ, ̿İ, Ÿء

С, ֿ˾Ÿһۣ̾ͱ˵ˣë뿪˷䡣ضĶ, һҪСġǾ⡣

õġסЦҲػش𡣡һСĵġ

ȻֻǺŵԣȻʮֱصղСԼ˰ĸоһġ

һߣŸóŵε

ŵʵΪ˼ԼɡʵϣﲢûκζסҲƭ㡣

Сĵ˹ȥǰƱ硣˵

ŵ⡭

Ȼ, ǲòӲͷƤڡֻܸ㣬Ҳ˺㡣֪һҲ;

ţ÷Ц

ȻҲʲô⡣Ϊͷ, Ǹˡ˵߱˺Ŀܡ

ҵȻ֪㲻˺ҡھŸʵĿУ⿪ŵĿӡ

ǣŸһ˲Ǿ֡

ĴϿʱ, ǿЦ, ֪ĳԲЩʲôǲܲľڡ

ǣŸ, 㿴ЦŸϽסŸԶ

ŸչȥһɨˡҺ̬ףΪʲôϣ

ҲϡʵϡĲŰǰ淢;Ÿ˵һ顣ԣ˺ңԼͻ

ûбõ֤˰ɡ

˵꣬Ÿ練һѽɿ˵

Ÿ磬ôˣıǸʵˡ

ǣⲢ֤ʲôҪ˺㣬ֲأŸ˶٣ŵһһǿ壬ô죿

ͱһλε塣

ǣҪʲôԸǻΪһµķۡûа취һߡ

֪Ÿ˵úеҲ֪ԼܽԼʹһİȫϷֻǲ֪ôأǶĪиС

ǾñطĹѣԼסôȻ

޷

ŵ㻹ʲôԸǵ𣿡˵仰ʱ򣬾Ҹһ㣬ļۡ㻹Ǽֲ˵ôҪ´ˡ

ŵʵӦòںɵвϾεǣֻһ֧ˡ

кܶ෽Լߣϵͳ㡢èЩѾɹȡݡ

ֻʱΣʵִ̫١һΣҲһõĻǰǳһֵ޺ݡ

ֻ᲻áߣδ׿ڳϲǡÿһϸڣƵġ

ϲεࡣ

ΪǸԱϲࡣ

Ժò׵˵뷨Ҳ̫ЦˡǼʹΪжЦŵ롭

һߡŵᶨ˵ȥҲܸ顣

Ķ챻ĹִЦˡ

Ÿ˾Ҫӳȥŵ˵ȷʵܸ㡣ܺ;Ÿ絥һ𣿡

ʲôż𣿡ָͷĶͷҪΪԼֿɰͿΪΪ

ŵգ۾ϵ

ʵǷ档ĸоԼЩ졣

֣һְķֻëװһﲻĸʲôԻ˰ɡ

ĻЩ񣬾ͱŸ翪͵ȥˡ

һ¡ĻûӦͱëûˡ

ǣɣһûзµëײŲô࣬ĴӦҪģקš

ã뵽ĿǾŸ硣ǻʲô˵ģûĵķݰ͸ɵƵģһë

оŸء

׽Բأ˼Ͳɵطɢ˵Ͻˣʲôӵĺأ

Ҫ֪ıǸͯʵߡ

Щ˾ôҲԼİã˼ΪɵĿЦֻҪԼĿֺ֣α˵۹⡣ľô̹

˵˶˳ǴԽǰ˶ҪʱҲû

ʲôЦΪ˼˲ӦͯҪΥԼԸˣǲɵϡ

סϵģǵȻø㾫ķӡĴ⣬ʼﻬݸͼ

ë̱ĻȤСʨʡǣʲôǾķӣ

ǡ˲俨ǡҪôݣǴʵʱûֵ䴩Խҽģͣǿ˾֪ˡ֮Ƿǳ޵ġ

ۣڴëһ˫˫ˮ۾ڴġ

ĶʱĴ

˵ŵŵ۾ǳӵĵۣӦðʮ㣬ޱȡǲ֪ΪʲôǾ۾ЩСɰ

ϲ۾״ƫƫϲʣǼһԵ̫ˡ

ϲĳ

Ҫôء




99.  ĵھʮ   Ҫ

Ҫǵϵ֦֮ƶ취һʼͶ빤, ҡҲǡ

һ뵽ڴϽӣ̱̲סعͼ֦֮ıȽϺÿ, Ե׺һЩСװΡ

ɹʵ״ĺأľͷСӺأҲѡεҲ

ȵȣϿܲ

ֿ񱼵ֿȥ쿴档, ˻һû²ֿ¼

˵¼Ϳв, ̵С²类һˮ, ҵòС⹤ƾһˣûꡣ

ҪھͺˡƵس̾һҪ, Ͼ֯ǰѶɨ̵ϡϾͿԼԼͼˡ

ʱűһ¡

˭̧ͷһǾŸͱſŵˣվǰ

ǣʲôأô񣿡ŸЦѯʡ

ıʵ÷Щ㶡̲סŸ磬ֿ˿ŵǸ

ǱߵĸܻҪһʱ䣬ȥɡʲôŵϵѯ, Ӷˡ

˳ȥ̵һ£ʣµʳﻹ֧ż졣ڶ, ̽߻˻ָжҲʱҪȡԴˡŸȻطԸŵ, Ǹոǳ粨ûзһ

һ¡ôû˸ǰҪ

뿪, ŸŵȴʮĬضһۣѻˡŸǣҪȥǣȰϺ޺, ͺðˡץʱ䡣

԰ҸոҲء䶯˼촽ոյĻ⡣

ǾŸ˵һ仰ʱͽ˼ȫռݣȫڲġǣ붬쵽ʱǶãҼĻ93Сʱ

93Сʱһ㣬ɵˡ춼ûУҼ뻹ʮ찡

òϾŸˣԼȿǰң֮ǰռݰڿ¼㡣԰Ÿ磬ٻʮŶԡ

ǰڵĸ߶ȥˡŸһŽȥһ㣬ɵۡ

ǵʱĲĻǵһʶ߶ǶôҪء

ȻɽϻȽ䣬Ǹʶ¶ȵصĳô̫ྯء

˵ʵסϷĳж¶ûô¹Ȼżȥѩɶůˡ

ĸûȻĲпᡣ

ʹҲ뵽˹ؼŸ磬ʳȫֻ죬Ұ֮ǰĹ򣬶ﶼֹͣĻĿǰʳǾԲ

ģܻн취ġˣԴأŸѯġΪԴȽҪĿǰĵϵͳ

СĴϵͳ˵ϵͨѶͷ˷һƴǰôˣôż

Ľṩ˾Ÿ磬תٽͨѶ绰ˣ

С㣬ûǵķ˻ϵӲǽ֫Ϯˡ˴ͷ͸Ļһ

ϮӦýлǱ߷۶ˮˡ

ǵλ÷ҡĵϡ

ոĻ벻ʲôӲǽ֫һ֪ˡ˵ͷƤ飬ֽŶ

֮ǰڷɴϮĹЩͷ롣ˣ뵽;Ƥġ

ĵõ˻˷λϢ־벢ôңԶӦ֮Ҫȡϣû뿪ԶΪķĲ뿪۵ļⷶΧ

⵹Ǻ֡ΪʲôϮأ

Ŀͷҡҷ̺Ӧˡ

ˣΪݵܡ֮ǰѹɧŹĵΪͺðˡʱ֦С

֮Ҫڷ۶ųû֮ǰȥԮСȻ۴ĸ˵ɷǳ鷳ľ档

ҪôȥأķոնˣԼķỹء




100.  ĵһ   ۡ

Ÿ硭һ, ʶغԮǺһ룬סˡ

ôˣŸתͷ΢, ˵

һ˫۾ӿ

˵Ҫǵ, һֱűȥ, ԼŬȥɳĻ, ̸α֡

Ÿ磬۲ֱȥֿܲܰ, һСŬ˼ŸԼ뷨

Ÿʶһ㣬ĵ˵꣬ԼʡǷֿģԲʻҸպáҪôˮ棿

Ǹؼ⡣

ŸȻѾ뵽˼ӦԵİ취˵ġ

Һ̬һ뵽һ⡣ǿȥ

ԡŸ̲סͷЦǳ١

Ϊ̬, ȰȫƵһߣ;Ÿ绹ŵʼж̡ŵŵ, ֺ

ٶȿþ͸ԼһĵȻкܶʣҲ֪ڲӲҪѰ𰸵ʱ, ֻʱˡ

ڲʱ, һ߽Һ̬ȫյԼϵͳȥȻȥˣ۶©, ϰ취Һ̬һ¡

Һ̬һգ۶ˮ˲١ֱʱĲ͵طӦԼ֮ǰһֱһ¡

С

㣡

ĺûǵķﻹһڣǸаŮѷ۶Ž˵֮ǰˮġ

ʱΪ˫İȫĽҺ̬СȥҺ̬ǸûſԽ֮ǰĻս֮ѣûб˷֡

ҲΪ֮ǰ粨ϣھŸ˵䣬ȻѰˡΨһֵҵǣǸС䱻÷ǳƣԺȶУȻҪԼΪˡ

Բ𣬶Բ𡣡ҲǿҪˡƴץŰֵǸõһӵ

˼ҲǺġοҲûܵ˺ҡ˵ңҶûҵҵܵܡ

ܵܣŷӦŰȣѾ޳С˵İﰲղźġ㡱ָǰ򡣡СǸʧɢĵܵܣ

šɴ׹ϣͼȥѰǰץסˡ֮Ҳա¶һϲЦҶú»Ҳˡû뵽Ȼ

㣬ֹءǽҲȹҡﰲͰһһ˵ˡ

ˡϽֹ˵ˣûУûôá̫ˣҶȥˡ

ĵΪüֱոȫ硣

ǽôѽﰲգſɰĴ۾ض˵ϲǽˣСԺú֪ɲԺǽѽԶǽһ𡣡

ᡢᡢ飿ıŵķ𾪵͡

԰𣿡ﰲͷϵѯʡ

СҲóδˡǸһ˧硣׽㰬ߣ׵ĴԤᣬ̸Ը񶼺ܰھǸ۲۵С

һСϲˣĸоЦֿġĵһݸףЩ̫ͻȻˡ

ûнͯԵЦذ£ֱ۾شڻŶΪమҲκ˽ġ

ǽ㲻ϲ𣿡ﰲ¶ʧı飬ˮĴ۾ӯ˾Ө͸ᣬˡ

ĸϽ͡ǵģҺϲС

Ҳϲǽ㣬ǺమﰲЦ

ǵġСԴûкŪһһؽ͡మİͨϲǰ顣֮ѵİǽԵܵܣܵܶԽİһ

ʲôһﰲͣġҪɰʵˡ

ĿСģָ̿һ¡Ǿ͵㳤֪˵ʱ򣬾ͻ֪˵Ҳûá

ﰲأĵ֣ھ֪Ҷǽľǰ

Ļû˵أĵ־ʹﻬˡ׼ȷ㣬ӦǶǰıһӾٸߣڿˡ

ôôˣڰеľʧһ£ŤͷһЦˡŵŵʲôأһ

ŵ˺һᣬ˵ǣ׼ˣǱҪˡ

ŶС˵ȥˡıתע˳ȥ

ŵͰﰲĿԣһһСû˵Ĭظƿߡ

һѾȫ׼ãҺ̬ļʻΪ˵ҪУصȽϺʵĵײ;»ΣգǰͷҲҪ÷

Ŀʳ¯ͣЦòСֱţرǼʻһԲ״

ʲôĲҪҪʵáţͣƻе÷ǳ˳ֻ˼ӣ͵ˮ棬û̫ġ

γԮֻĺͰ

Ÿץʱϵ̽߻ˣŵ֡СëǾȥˣҲϰ

ûаǴԼһȥġ

ֻҪݵ֦ȥͻᱻˡҺ̬۶©ĵطʱ޲ʽɣľͿԳˡ

ֻǰԼһȥ֮ǰ¸ȻӦʮллԸһȥΪ˵л

ĸ˼ûϵ⴬Ҳص¡ˣӦҲʶǰɡ

ǵġҶһɴϹģȻƽʱŲͬǾۻʱнӴġ˵ĲŻȻ

ŶǶ׹ٵķɴϵҴߡ̲סѯʡأ

ҲǷɴϵˡƽʱû뵽䵽ûĻϣǾ¶Ŀƽػش

ԲҲЩ˵ġε

ûϵҡͷѾȥһҵСѾеǳˡкܶˣ׹ٵʱȥˡ

һʱ֮䲻֪˵Щʲôźãֻװģزʻϵͳһֵĵط

ͼϵͳôоֵֹġϽǵͼе㲻̫һˡϸһ¥һķź찡ȵȣǲδǼʰ汾wifeϵıʶ

ͼһǼĹܣȻ˵½ڣûľ档ΪʲôͻȻˣİ˼⡣

ûԾԾϸǼ򼤶غˣ

ĸϽ̧ͷһȻǷ۶š

ʱٵһᣬ͸óȥˡⶼһˡ

̰޹ؽҪ·ӵһȥץʱȥˡ

»ɻ󡣻Ĳ

ǵһ㣬ĵͷܿƵ

һʲôҪˣ˵ʲôڷ




101.  ĵһһ   鷳ˣʮ㡭

ķ۵糸سȥ, ߣ׼һһʱû׼ʻҵĳĻֱ˹

ŻǿŶ, ⲿҺ仯Ѵˢ, ſڷ۶űĹɨȥ

ʱ, Ĳſ, ۶ŸˮһƬĺ۾ĵͷƤһӾͱӲˡ

ʲô棬ֲ̫ˣ

ҺõǣĵĴϴݵ֦⡣ǲûп, ΪڵĴ۶ţ롣

ڼװϷɱеĻѱˣΪԼҪֲסʱ򣬹ǾȻʼˡ

̱ڵϣѵתͷεĴ̲סЦôֵԶֻλССþˡ

ˡһ뵽Լ½ŵĵطոеͷƤ, Ҳû취ֻŬ˷ϰȥ, ǵ©Զһ㡣

õġûûͷûβһĸԸ

ĹȻ, һ, Һ̬ʱ۶ţѿûķ۶Ŵˮˣ֮޲ˡϻ𣿡

ġ˻˻˼վ, ˿ڣ˵ʱûס¶Ĺֱģ̫лˣûĻĲ֪ô

ҲûôĲ˼ԼıӡΪֹ˵ĲʺƨĸϽתƻ⡣ˣҴСĽӦʶɡ

򣿣סˡ

ĿǰʯӣЦͿ֣৵һվһ˹ȥ

ӵʱĲź֪ط֣ǰŽǰ򰡡

ģһԼҵ¸ɰɡ

뵱ĵݣĽ뷽۶ţ뿴ʲôԼġ

û뵽ǻ˵ƨǵײ㣬һڣܵҵĻӭõĴʻ֮ţ㹻ͬѧüˡ

ûʲôֻѭһ˵ԭ򡣡ǵͨ죬֪ôֹǣֻýʾ֭ұĻתƴҵעˣǽô죿

֪ΪʲôͻȻˡ´Ϯ֪ܷ׼һ˼ѵس̾һ˵ʵ̫ʺϾסˡǰûаѷɴߣҲа취뿪

ܲⲿأӦ֡Ԯ֯ɡ뵽˼ʻǸĪϵ硣Ȳ𣿡

ɴĹϵͳڣԿǼĻҲ֮ǰðȥɴ濴ˡʲôûʣ¡

ڰĲһȳһյ˽

ǺڽսУӼֻҲûʲôá

̱Ӽֻˣû˼ȥϲѯʡӼ

ǵġǳ棬֪ڷˣǱǰšûглҲû취á˵ţ˽һϧ

Ƕ˵ֱǾ

һ뵽ССоˣӶƽʱЩİϤʣܾԼ˵

ȵȣ

𣿡һ´ϵͳóһ߾ʡ

ЩûвøɾĽ

ΪȥɴӼû뵽ӼŵĵطѾ׹١ֻһƬк֮ڵΪûãĹܣֻǱŲ˷ѵԭʶװϵͳ

ֱոűóּˡ

Զԣǳ˼ؽӹϸ鿴õġӼͿˡǾûԭɴ棬ֻҪŬ꣬Ҳġϣ뿪ˡ

ڳ˻ȸԾ

Ҳ¶ЦССа취ˡ̫ˡ

Ӽ󣬻һȻϴӦ˵ǵľˣ·ɴ뿪ǵûĵİҲɡ

ԴӼĻȥȻ˵֦Ĺܣ˻Ǳոǳ粨˵ӣսǿĻ뿪̫á

ֻͬ⣬һȥΪ˱סԼЩСɰǵܣĻǰ¡ֻл˺Ͱܸ

ʵĺϣҲҪֻðӼͿˡֻǿϧ˵ôпᣬκ͸мھԵǰҲЭ÷ɿ졣

ûԼĴҲõġûٿҺ̬۶ŸҲһ㱣ˡ

ֻǡ

򣬶Բ𣬵ܼʱҵͺˡһһ˺ܶɡ

û˭Բ˭ġοҲúõġ

ֻ·;Ϲˡ

İǼ飬

û뵽˿򿪵Ľ棬ʱɫͻ䡣ʲôźŷͳȥˣ

ʲôıʵһͷˮʲôźţ͵

˿һã̷Ӧ󺰡á

ôˣĸǱһһէŵò塣

Ҫ˲ȨǰǼĽ棬֮󣬷ʷ¼Ȼһźŷͳɹļ¼

һʱ䣬ʱҲӦˡǰռݷ۵ʱġ

ֲǼԵ޹ˡԭԿǰˡòݾŸ֮û̼ʻ뿪ǰʱڷźˡŸĶط۵Ļᡣ

źֻȵģ㲻ôš˼óĽʵڲ̫ѵʿˮż˵ȥҲ˵ⲻõİɡ

ûźŷ͵Ŀĵأǰ˵ĸǣǸսȳ򣬼˶ǼʹӶϷɴҲΪǱɴϵĴӶˡôһͣǰˡ

Ҳ˵ǵĸǵõźţ˹ռ򡣡ľпʯͷѹԼؿڣģ

Ȼ˵ûҲ⣬ʲôûУǾսҲáһʲôҪĶ˵˼ȴôҲ벻

Ҳ벻ûδʶľ͸ûа취ˡ

֪Ÿܲ뵽һطֻüСʨס˵٣ܳȥҾŸˡ

Ϊ˾Ȼ˵ˣĽԼķ۲жʻ˾ԮʣµĲ־ŸҲһһʹá

ʱûսӣȴպðɡŸǿ롣Ȼϲķӷ˳ִۡеĺִʵǳ

˵ܲ٣ܲٵ

߶һ˽Ÿ磬Ÿ磬Ÿ磡

ǣôŸȽȫɨ裬ȷû£ġϾ˵ĲҪġ

ˣŸ硣ǸĸҪ˵ĿԽŸ翴վںԼ΢Цϣʱʲô˸ɾ

һ첽˽ϵĻޣʱǳĺһϣҺ㰡

ͷûˡԺһСĵġٶһˡ

Ÿ磺֪ô£ͻȻζٸоġ

ȫԣͬվڷŵͨĲƳѪǴױȽϺʡ




102.  ĵһ   ӣɡ

Ŀ޹, ˺;Ÿ˵Լֵһ˼һʡŸ磬ûʲô

ͼıʲôѾҪˡҪ, Ǽǿ֡ŸһѪ

ǲ֪жǿ£ʲôĵ˼άת䡣ϵ, ǲϡԴм⡣Ҳٷһź, ǣ

һ⡣Ÿչ˻ȳ̸ۡ

˵, ϴǡ۵ٺҲûá

գ۾һ⡣

ָָڹǽһ̽߻ˡûˣѵƤ飿

ĺ;Ÿ˼, ץʱҵжӡ˳ӼССļˣܺʹһˡ

ǿʼڹŵ֡

ĻȳĸɻʱʱðСʡܸоԼ˵ʲôǼһʱ֮벻ľͺˬذ׵Ժ

׵ԺĻˣʲô

۶ۣһСʨ񵭶ضһã˦βͶҡɾǵɫˣСԴϺһֻרעһƵ, 𡱡

ˣǴʲô죿İǵս, Ҳ϶Ӳġԥſڡ

ǰû뵽ǸûΪӶԭ򡣷پܼܹµķɴ뿪ˡҪõɴͺˡ˱Թֵʱľ̫ңһ

ڱԹҲûˡҪô졣Щ, Ҫ֪ɡ侲

šȥСͨѶ˸ȥ, ͱСʨסˡ

˵ˣ߶СʨͼԼë׵צŵ

ۣʨӾȻ˵˱СʨһѵʨǵĻˣ˭ôȤζ

˵һ, СʨǸʶ䰮Щë׵СɰġԲҼǵӰɡԲӡǹ˵ġ

ûϵûʶġǧ궼ûӴǼֵ˵

˻뷴أͿĻеһţ粻ҪǮһ߳һȺ߼λˡ

ǼܲһĴҲòô

ˣСԼ

ǿȻǵƤ·⣬ķֱ治ʲô˾Ȼô߼ˣ

ģ磬˭ڱ˵ңˣŸ㿴֮ǰΪȥǣѾȵĻˣǲǺǰɨػʼ汾һģһ

ģȷʵǡʵǼ˹Լ۱ߵĻŰ汾ǡֻ͵ȼĻ˲ŻáŸʱпس̾һ

Ÿ磬ôˣˣ̲ס֣ͣʵŸ̫֣ϲΪ̬쾹ȻΪ֣Ȼ̾һ

̫ˡ

ŸĬƬ̣˵ֻͻȻ뵽û㡣

ôڣҲһġޱϲԴ֮еõ֪ʶȴȻʲôס

ġŸ磬ҵϼһʣעԣע˵ġĶ˶٣ֲһ䡣Ҳעġ

ע𣿡Ÿ˼飬Ц˵öԡ

˵õȻ԰Ҳ˭ҵġ˵ŵԼЦˡ

ϽɻɣǵǸãҿɾֻܶϽ޺áڹ̨ϵ˸İۡ

ǸǸ˾ͻһ㡣ղԼĻᶼø˵ġЦŴȤ

Ͻģ˵ϻ˵ò˼Ӳǰ۾ϡ۲ΪŪٽҡ

̲סЦƭŶ㱾Ͳ˯

߳ŭ۾˦һ۵

һ߸ɻһЦ̫ͣˣһһ׼

ͷЦţѸĹҶĳݻϲ̨ͷͻȻˡ

βȥȥɡŸ翴Ӿ֪ˣڣҲ֪ʲô⡣

ȥˡ͸ЦŴ꣬ˡ

׷ϳǷ߿ĺСģܣбµȰҵĽŪã

Ļعͷ˸ƫŸŪñҺãŪðɡ

ͷĳĸղѻ˸˸ɾøϽȥ

̽߻ǶˡָˣĽ취ˡ

취̲ס˳Լͷô밡

˵Ŀȼδ֪ԼһƬ߾󡣴ǰиׯ԰ʣˡҺоŸڡ

ôˣһͿϹһôë׵ĹҼ

Сʨƴȫֹ߶Ȼʵ̫Сˣǻ˱ûҶĵס

ǣûŶСʨһˣϲش·嵽Ľűߣβͻε÷ɿ졣

šðллæŶĵȻǶһ䣬ȻŶԻ⡣

ˣǽʲô㣿ֱʣҲʲôת̵ˡʱʵǽţͲЩͷԵĶˡ

С㣬ǿǺһ·ɴ뿪ǣ˵һĲ·

ԶŵĶᵽɤۡ

뿪




103.  ĵһ   Ŀ

ŵû·

Ȼ˿سĬ

һĬܸɻ̽߻ǡ֪뿪, Ǿ޷ڴɣ˵ǹسǰ

ûĻǣԸɵʶĻǹ֮, ԽֹĿµĴڡ

̽߻ǻŵûгֹΪǾԼûȨ

û̫, 벻, ԭҲܼ򵥡

ǰ, ʤԼԾԼΪҪЮ, ȥǿиı־

ɵġӦԼѡ

ǣ뿪𣿡ëſߣԴѯʡ

ᡣĺԥᶨҡͷ

ŵ̽߻ǶصزԼͬһëǾͱֵøˡ

ۣǣˣ֪㲻뿪ǵġë˲ë״·װ㡣

ıΧˮйͨҺϰë׵һ֣ÿȵˡ

û𾪡ȻҲֹڴˡΪʲô뿪ʲôҲû, ûû, Ǽ˵ͼϡ

Щ, ûʲôϵɡͷԡʲôû̫ȤĶˡ

ûźءڵصµʱҰĲһͼˡȻû, Ϳİ

ԼȡʵĵϵͳȻĪǲò˵̫ˡʲôûУǸȤ𣿡

ħѪҺ

ÿЦáһ˽һ, Ǻΰ־򡣵û

ûСĸ˵Լʱ䣬ʡɻӼʱҲڡǵĸ˵һɴҪüɣҪ˵кڵĵԡôΪ˵ȵˣ

˱ˡ

ĳʤ׷УļѵǾɺţԲȣʲôҪģ

⡭˵شǶ壬ȻڽļﲻԲȣ෴ǿΪ˽ͷɴ廹Ҫʡ

裬ĺѧӷۣסˡϾëǶڿءȺϾİֽʲôɫͻȾϡ

Ҫһ㡣ǲսʤ𣿡ĵ䷢ʣʱඥ

ʲô˲սʤ

ĴԽǰǸһϵ඼ܵóĴ𰸣һǼδ۳սʿ벻

ǵսĺǿɳľһǾḻĹӶǵĿƼҲ˵˵ţȴĵע֮ԽԽ͡

Ҳ˵ҲΪ˲ǲսʤġ𣿡ļذķܽһ¡

˻ô˵ֻܽ߾ȫش˼Ｗһ䡣ڻʲôûС

ûУԶҲаЦˡ˵ûоӦܸṩܶϵͳĹ˼ɡ

ʲôһֱĻ˻ûзӦ

һԵİһ˵ǣҲ԰æ֮ǰڵԷɴеͷϵͳҶ

㲻˵ϲ⣬һץסȻ᲻ݵֿЮܣܣߺŸ磬ҵͼ

ֶȥûܴðѰ

һ¾Ͱɾġ㡱࣬˵ȥͱһ΢ˡ

ȴܶľͷ׮һԼҷΧӶ

Ƶ̾˿ǰȥʧǵĻ˴áϡкܶ⣬ĻҿΪ𡣡

㣿¶һɻı֮漴˿Цʲôأѵһ㣬ĻԸԸʵ֮ǰĳŵΪṩЩ嵥ϵĲϣһʲô

ӵϲû¶ʲôֵлһǻԺͽȴȫܱڸǡԡҿԻش㡣дӦĳŵִСҪĲϣСʱ֮ߡ

˲šȵȣôȨҪĿɲһóԼݵĲ嵥ݵϵƤ£ǿ

ǳĲ嵥ӻ˵йȥڷƮ

벻õġ¶һ˾Իı顪ҵļҳ֮һҿ

һҳ

仰ҪǼκһ̳ϳ֣ᱻЦʲôЦô߼ĳ߼˾ǻˣô֮ϣ

˲뵽ˣ৵һ±˲Ұס˺üгš㡢ڹ֮ˡ

ûлش

еĻǿʱ¶УѾǺʵһشˡ

һȺӵʶĻˣɲǺ£·Լð亹ʪ͸ˡƵԽϣĵĹҡ

߻Ǻؽڵϡ

ʹǿսʿװǰҲֻɳˣ޵ֿ֮ЩװİûںͿ־塣

һ죬ׯ԰˻𺣡

άļ԰һÿһòݡÿһǵļ¹ů⣬һ˲֮䱻Ϯĵ˶ߡ

ҲһᵽԼǿ󣬻ʧȥСһֻӵеİûУʹǷз

Ϊ˱䰮ˣԶĿ־塣

ֻȻʳˡ

ҵǵʱһ˲еľԵĻ̱㱻ͬİûںͺռݡ

ǻǿԶԶ

ֻΪ˻ܹôǻʲôأ

ǿӣһİ⡪ɫĻ俪ʼ£ѾͲסȡܹ֣ѿ׳ˡ

ǲ˺ǡȫȫɵġ϶ϸӰڻϣԵߴ󡣡ǻǵġΪǲôڵģѵҪΪ˾ܾЩϣ

ƴŤĻ仰ʱ͵һ㶡ãſڡǾô

ôģʵӦҪеĽɫ˫棬ڳ˵ûô򵥡

һĹĲġ

ûˣôڰȴµЩɴҴߣͻµĵˡҲѶԸĵˡ

Ϊ޹ģûһܶɷĵ˳֣ܶСʹɱ֡

Ҳûһ̽߻Ը⿴ΪΥԼԡ

ҪľǽⳡΣ벻ģ룻Ľ˵ģǸո˵Ļĺ塣

ļҳᶨĺܣıߡ

ϣǴɺƽԼݣԺǵ˹ͨǻṩҲвǵ

˵꣬óһźԼݸˡȻֻǷǰѣֽſɻرš

̣ӲͷƤԼ侲ڿǰԼ̵֮Բ۾ȵȣԸǹʵĻȡʽ

ǹǷѡҪԼֲϾ

Ҳ˵

˼ʹЩӵʶʵŵò壬Ҳʹ֮£תͬһĴԡ

Ҳ˵дȥ·Ҫ꣬Ƕܵȥ

ǡ˸ûһӣִԴϾҪˡô

ʱһֱվԱߵŵ

ҪͼıʲôӦҲҪЩ˰ɡֻҪǱܿǣ㵽صȥȵ뿪ˡ

˸оСʱԼǼʷ籩ķɴ崡

̫̼ˣ




104.  ĵһ   Ե

Ȼ̸еѡͻԤϵĲһ, Ҳȫûа취Ԥ룬̸ˡ

˴źԼһ̽߻˼ʻѾȴ, ͻط۶ȥһţ߰˸˱ļؽΧס

ô, Ը𣿡

, Ӧ, ԸǵĶ𣿡

ֳôһǻҲѷֱɡ˱ֱۣӽǺԼͳչ˿

˿۵, ʵڲģҲһˮ

˸뿪ڣɵһ١

Ҫ˵ǹӵеĻ˲ʶ£ʵأЩ˵ĵһӦһոͬ

־循㣬޷ǡ

ȻôѵȥĻˣǺǻʧȥΨһѣҪʡԴ

ˣô, ɫôѿȻعͷҧ, ͷ󺹣ɵعС

ʲô£ǡɻ, û˵, Ǳһٱ

죬˵Ͱϡŭغعͷ, ѯʻˡ

䶯ü촽˵ڡûʲô

ӿҲûʲôɷǱƵ˵ɡؾǰҲˣΪҲ֪

ҡҡ˿ĿİͰ͵ؽӻò˵ȫˡˡ

ʲôҵˣȺʹ˲˲׷ʡģ𣿡

͵طӦ⣬أ

İ¿ɲ⣬õúܡ

Ȼѵõĵɣ̽߻ǵȻҲԼ˵Ȧ߶ˡ

ǣ̽߻ѾָжˡӪǿɾַǷ

ɽҩ϶ɢζĵĹ

ץ˰һȥϴֻȳպǽɽҩͷ㣬ͷŴõġ

裬õ廨Ըɾˣ֭ҲһΡ

ˣǼɻ˵꣬ڿİҲ̲ס¶Ц

˵ĵĶͷЦֲãˡ




105.  ĵһ   尡

, Űȥˡ

Ȼۺõʱ򣬵ľԴϺ̽߻ˡ̸ʲôľȫ֪ˡ

Ѿʼδкδƻ, Ҳ˲Щеûеġ;Ÿһо̽߻˻ȳš

ȴмƻʼ˵ÿһϸһӹָȥִС

ݰΪṩϢ, ֮ǰԼѼ, ĿǰõǺͷ۶ŵһ㵽ȥǵĵص׷ǳ, ֻҪźţֹ׷١

˵꣬ͶĻҿ

ѡ, ǵȡõµĵͼ˵ȫҲҪ㹻ܵ򡣻Ҫзٿǵ½ǡ

Ÿͷ˵ŷԡ

ӦķҲûгͻ֮ǰѰǵĻ˿ȥ̽µͼܷ㣬ӦҲҪģǷֹԷȡλõҪװڷһȥʼо

óⷽ̽߻뿪С䣬ʼо

ǵرˮһ㲻õˡ˶죬㹻ͣͻ᳹ױ, ǱǽһߣҲʮַ㡣

ʼʣ

һǽСͷɴ, װԻװáڵ˵֮Яż̫, յȥ, ڱ׷֮ǰԻ١

ֱӽ˷ɴܣΪСͷɴ͵ϣⰲȫ, ֻҪԻ˾㹻˵ķɴʱȫᲢۡ

Ϊ˵˵опԽʧƷöɸǡڼԼһ·

һڵ潨ϵǰΪ뵽ˡΪǼ˵϶豸һԷǵȻ֣Ҳ赲á

̶ܹȵŵˡɹĻڽս֮ǰΣòġӲڷϵƵ£õܵҵĹ

ΨһǣķѾ޴˵ҪʱҲġ

ԵĻƽнõġһڽôɵġǣڲȱʱ仹ȱʡ

ڶҾδ֪״̫ˡ⣬ǺʱǲϵСͷɴڷԻٵʱ⣬Ǿ鷳ˡ

ҿʼԷиȱжϡ

Ĳ˵оͲϡʳﻹֵģȱĲѵҲ֣Ÿüͷ

ֲϣ֡ȵȣŸ磬ҿһ¡ķɿشϵͳ棬һͨ˷ܵŸ磬̫ˣ

ŸһͷˮҲ̫Īˡ

Ÿ磬ѰȥɴڸļͣڷȦȦ

ոտϵͳӵеǼӡһԽ[ʳ][װ]ٵ

һ״̬Ѿ»ָֻҪȥɴڴڳֲӵˡ

Ϻŵڣ[ʳ]̫Ҫ[װ]Ͳͬˡڹ̽߻˵ĹɾͳϿɾͲˡ

뵽ָ̯

[ʳ][װ]ڷ洦šӡ

ܵ[]ڳȣԼˡǵš

ڽµݣǵĿš

ӵԴ[԰]ǵš

ȻС룬һʱ[ѹӢ]ӡˡ

ˣëǱӵ[ת]

ӦþĿǰ˵߿ӡţȻһ[]Ӷˣ֮ǰòϣҲûܡڶʲôˡ

ǣǱˮװ׼ˡŸ֪ͨ꣬Ͷ뵽ϵͳоС

ķ[װ]ӻָ֮󣬴۳շ¡س¯

Ѱ̽µͼ5̽߻оǰֶζʧܣܵ󷽰

ϴ12̽߻˹ܺڣֲ涬ʳëҲһ顣

5߻µĻ˵˽ӡǺҲǷδȻµķ۶к춯ڵһʱӦ

ʣµ̽߻ɾŸĴ죬Ϊ顣Ÿзϵͳ鸺նɴ졣

ǣʲô֮һͻȻطˡ

תͷһϲССѾӦ𣿡

˵ССͬѧӼİ£ڻָˡһ뵽ԼܰǵæĵĻϲû뵽ڰżƻȻȫûһĿݵġ

̻ʵΪ֮ǰûвⷽĹҲ֪óʲô͵ģûڼƻн롣ÿֶһ¡

𣿡ССѾɶ׶ĸߴλˣͷųȴȻһ˫¶С¹۾

ôһ壬̱㿪ĵЦ

һԵŵζӳ¡ûδɱϵĴ󽫣Ҳ˺һ档ƫƫһס

Ծ֮࣬ŵеᡣ

ոյļƻҲûҪ˵ֻҲضԴ˵ʵŵûаա

Ͼ֮Ҫദļ꣬ǻûзδʷı֮δ֪᲻

̫־ˣ־Լ¶İı顣

ˣŵŵҵ֡пҪȥ󷽰ǱߡΪǱߵоҪҵ[ѧ]ܡҿܻᡭੲݵ˵ţż˼һԼģظһ顣ʲôţ

ŵǽӲıһӾˡ̫ˡ

Ͻжžһŵߴıϣߴٵ

ģ͵Цšá

ûбõˡ

ǻȳĸɻˡ첻ʱͻᵽ˵ĽĿǰõķʮڵִ

޴ĵʱصѹÿͷϡ

˳һᣬ֮ǰһ󵼼ƻҲˡµԿٸǷһźšźڵ˵Ĵ°ţΪΣÿ24СʱŻ߷λá

˵ִʱ㣬ҲǴŷϢеóġ

ǷǳΣյûɶáӶԷɵǰоͿһˡϣԵϸڣһá

ΪƿУŸ涨ÿ24Сʱһ5ӵĶ̻ᣬÿһӻ㱨ŵĽһӾŸܽᡣ

ʳﴢѾ40%Ŀǰͷ۶ŵĺӦڶ쵽ǰɳʳﴢϻ㱨ڲŵĳɹ

ϵͳĿǰ汾ѾϣЧѡҪĽǣСʱʱ䣬Ǳ߿𣿡Ÿ㱨ϵͳз顣

СʱеšȽСʱûͻƣСʱĽŻ㱨նɴĽȡѾϣ۶Ͽɹʣµ⣬Ҫ۶ż档

õġҵݼ¼˽ǺзչͻʧƷӦÿƽǡһ䡣߶Է۶ŵľҹѲߡ

Ҫֱֲӿϵͳ汾ΪͷŸ˵һʱ䣬ʱ䵽⣬ͨѶעʱ䡣

Ŀᣬһתͱŵõ廨ιһ졣׽ţŵͼι裬̶ȵġ

ŵŵҵĳĳģǵͻջǵθˡУøϽȥŸǱˡ

תܣŵ˸ġŶ

ŵ

ԴھͿȼɣ




106.  ĵһ   

Ŀɲ֪Լո˶ôһŴը, ּ˶˻Ķǹڸɱ

[ѹӢ], ǽŲأˡ

æˡæ۶оˡæȫŵһ·׷ιι, ˯Լ, һ˯һ뻹ŷ㡣

Ȼʹô, ԴﾹȻпյΡ

֪ԼΣΪǰǴԽǰĹ硣

ġġû˰Ĺ硣

Сô°಻񻰵ġδʲôƻҪ, ڲŬɾ͡źסһٶƽӵ쵼ճȶ

ǵӽǣԼΨΨŵŵĵùģһԹ˶ְ޶ã˭Լ

ĶΪʵʵȥüӰԼɸ֡Լ־Ӱ죬ĿƵؿȥԼӰൽŵ㣬쵼ˣŸ͵͵ؼҡ

ƴرܣͼһҹ೵ԼᡣԼôô

ƫƫλϷŹ, ȻڿƵؼȥľ顣

ĸŹȥԼصݡΪʡǮǺͱ˺ġСֻܰһŴһͷ

ͷмǽڱֽһһ, ŸڵĽֻˡ

Ҫӣ

ϧ, ˵Ļ, Լġ

ι壬, ֪ˣһᾡǮȥġҪǧ壬һµĹʿ۵籣𣬵Ҳֻǧû

ཡ

ȻҲֻҪǮ

˵Ҳò£Ǽ˳ҪǮҲ绰ʱġ

ľͿеԼΪҶϵĵ绰ɵ㶵ذڵϣ죬ȴð޲

ûмˡûѡûзӡûдûǰ;νȫžָİɡ

һͿ

ˣȻŶδڴ

ϰԼģԼˡ

һ̣һƴȫȥ

ǣǣ

ңԶˣج֮С

ͷһСеԼ£ܿ죬ͻˡ

밮İǡ

ڣҪȥʵԼĳŵ

ǣˡŵغȵʪëһӡһ¡

šԺذ۾ҡҡλε֧ŲסԼһͷԽŵĻ

ŵ̲סӲһ˲漴־ԼԼλãܸš

˯ĲˮһӣվʶԼŵġͷʲô

ģ

˵ôзȵɳ

˼ѵõ¶ı顣

ûûϵģֻҪܰﵽ㣬Ҿͺܸˡŵȥ죬ˡ

һʱ֮䣬˶֪˵ʲôźãɵͬʱ˳ĬС

ĬĲΣǺеӯĿʡ

Ĵһ͵

ͦıŨܵĽëǿʮ촽

ܿɿڵӡ

ǣߵġССźһĴ˽Ŵ֮ĳա

úãķӦϽ

붫ˣҪء

οĻͷŵȻһЦֱЦùͷˡˣ³Բ

ŵŵԼ

á

Ҳǳæµһ졣ĵľȻã˼άתø뵽һ⡣

˵[ѧ]ܣЧҲԽСŸ˼Ƭ̣㡣ȷǿеġǣϾǶˣ¶ȵӰ컹Ǻܴġ

˵öԡҾÿһԡ㲻ܱܿˣҲսзӾ޴á˵գ˳˼·Ŀǰƻĵ

ڸô죿ŸҪĹؼ

ССҵλáĻشúԥ

ңһŵССԾʡҿ𣿡

Ȼԡŵ֪еĽչʱûջشʱ㡣Ҫߵ·ȥҪ֡Ŀٵذȫһ顣

ССôѼϼˡϸ۲쿼֮ĽɲġʵССñøá

ҲΪ޷жҹη˼ϧÿһλɡ

ţСʨëףͬĴǨһ㣬س˽

ţԲ˵ǹġ

ˣǣ棬棡С¹ߺ

ʯͷˣСʨֵ

ʯͷһͷˮʯͷοʯͷʲôþŵģ

ͬһʱ䣬ϴͨѶŸ磬ǣԴʾǳ֡

ʲô˼ĺ;ŸҲ㲻ô£ɱʻȥһɵˡ

ϵԴ澹ȻȻֻ0.15%ɷϣǸͷԵ

ֲݾ˵Լ͡

ѵʾˣŸԷߡ۵̫࣬ŸĶûյֻʱһ̽߻޹

ʳﴢôˣĿ˿ʱ䣬вСʱҪˡ

ѾˡϸһĵϢ

̫ˣϣٷ5ҡȱء

õתȥͱһعԹԵȺëǲһӣǻﰡ

԰ǣʯͷôأСʨ˵һ룬뵽Լ©ʲôǸġ

תͷʾŸ硣Ÿ磬ǲܴ˵𣿡

ʵϣǸǵĳʱˡŸ˵ĲŻȻ򡣹ֲëæ

תģӦþͲʲôͨʯͷ

ë˵ֻȥһˡ

պãҪȥһˮ档˵Ҫȥ£ë̻صСβ׷ȥ

ŵԥԼҪҪȥĺŵŵ

ëǵβɨԲײײȥ

ڸת˼ͻȻһ˿⡣

ȻǿҪ죬֦ڵĸ߿շعţһžʹ˸硣ۣ䡣֪

ҡ

ͷǰһ޼ʵ峺졣û뵽¹Ĵ֮һֱĻɶʧˡ

ֱһ̣Ĳŷһ¡

ϾȻоŸ̫ľ治ѡ˵ôԴȵԷˡ

ǾȻзļ¶ҲӦķΧ벻漣

ǣëǴߴٵ

ĸϽϡڿɲǳԾʱ򣬻еŸء

˵ͲòᣬµĽͨʮֱˡΪݵĹܣڴһµĵݡ

ȥͻȻ뵽ˡ

ʯͷ½¶ȡһǿɲǶ

ǵĵݵףһţӭĺù˹ͷһ㡣

һһ

ʱǧҲûһ֡

䡪




107.  ĵһ   Դͷ

ôô䣡ĶֱӺ˻ص, ë֮Сۣů͡

ë״°ߡ

Ȼе̫ˣůͰϵʱֻ, ô

Ҫˡʵеظ̾Ի

˵Ŀˮˡʲôó԰Խǰоԣ¸ƤܵԵ

ڲǵǳԵʱ¶紵, Ҳˡˣ, ˵ʯͷ

, ǣ㿴ﵽʯͷСʨرĵצָĿ

̧ͷԶ, 𾪵˵

ǵ涼

ʯͷĵذ塣ֲô䡣ˣɲ

һ涼ˣʹĵԽظе޵ߵĺ

Ϊʲôûʱô䣿ļǵļ＾һͻȻģûйڡˣЩ޹ؽҪģĿǰ״Ҳûκΰ

ǰѾٵÿϸϺˡ

ˣҪʲôţ̫ˣӶˡ

С㣬ôˣ˿, æӷ۶ߵߡ

Ŀŵ, Ӷͨ죬ֵʡΪʲôһ㣿ѵ¶ͻȻģ

Ͽʼ¶Ⱦͷ½ڰСʱǰʼĽ۶ڲ

ıò, ҲŽȥů¡û뵽۶䡣ǵ¶ϵͳˣĻ, û취ˣ

¶ϵͳûг⡣¶ȻûеҪůʱ򡣡εؽ͡

һͿˡ¶ܲǲڴůȶʽ, ܾͻΪ¶̫ʹ򲻿ġ

ǵĶֻʣ34%ˡֻøĿǵֿ

ûа취ȥھʹůôռЩֻʮ졣Ҳ졣ںѾᣬˮһ·Ҳˡ

÷ܡҸͼӦûܴ롣˵̲꣬סšýŶˡ

ܣЦˡֵӵġɾǸĲ˳ëȻճˤ

ȶתӦûУһν˵ŷ۶ŵĴܽ棬һĵ׷ʵոյݣ˵׼ȷһ㣬ǵĶܻʣ¶٣

34%ҸողǺ˵ЩԺ

Լڴܵʾ36.78%ȵȣˡؿ𾪵ֱּ⡣

һҲסˡû˵ԴԽԽġҵĵһӦǡʾˣ

ǡĿټһ飬Ȼûκε⡣Դıˡ

Ѿһˡ

ĸı䣬˶½ˣƺûĴء

ȵȡ

۾ŵ

һпյ뷨뷨Ͷ࣬йء

˵ƺ̽һеԴͷ

죬һ麣⣡˷ܵغ




108.  ĵһ   Ÿ̫

ʲôʲôãɲмؼЦ

ļ˶, ʵû취Ҳĵ̡ϻ߾Ÿ϶ܷ̾Ӧˡ

ʱ˺ͻ˵ľ뵹Ǳ˺֮ĸ׽

û취, ֻԼȥ

ĸתҪë״ȥñͷͻȻһ¡ʹ˭

, 촽˻ȥ, 뺦ұ𣿡ôŵĻҲб˶˵ˡ

ů͵ĵطһ, Լȥһȭͷĺһ˳ǿɾ͸ֱ׳ˡ

һĶŵĺһ߹۲죬һ߷Ըʵ۾Ѿܹ۲ͨˮͬ

Ө͸ˮ״, ֳ͸Ƣεɫεںڲʣʡ

˵ȻЦпյ󣬵ǻע£û˵ʲôͰ˳

Χĵ״뿴Ц

ôܻô鷢ҪǴ󺣽ôܻ˻ͱǼ˴µδˡ

Ȼô˲š

ŵǿƵ˳83һ׼ԴʯֵҪߡ

˵ͨˡ

нĲˮ, Һ̬ñϵʯͰ

Щ˾ǰһ֪࣬Żڵķ۵ʱ, ȿǽϢĸǡ

ôµģҲ̫˼ˡ˶Ǻ˰, 벻ͨôµġ

˵ҷԴĹͬ, ͺˮ

ǵķ۲𣿸ͲںϰǵԴҲб仯Ŷԡֵ

ΪǵķҲǴӺȥģ󲿷ˮѾɢһմڱϡԴʼáҲǴö, ٵԭ򡣡

û˵һԭǣڵصҵĳżǸżžǼ෢ϸԴｨ˸ߴȽĳС

紩ԽǰЩҵУԴڿ֮Щͽûвһ㶪ˡ

ﻹôԴѵЩû֣ߣЩԴص̬Ǻŵģ

ˣ޶˲²⣬ٶҲûáԺп̽ڻҪרע״

ԴˣǷٵøá˵꣬Ȳתܡ

ں񺰡һ£ůߡģģ

ţֻһµȫһ߿һεֱ粣ָסһ㣬

Һŵõף׷ȥϣű߱ɹѪͷ

һһͷ빤ĺ

ϴŵ˵µ̸Ƴһ·ȥȻЩˮıůõĶõĲϣġëҲзݡ

ŸҲûţоķͷʱƻȰ̽߻˵ĵģʽһ飬ֲء

ԴĴϢǼʱꡣŸҪܵĲȥˣſֽŸɻˡ

ܺáȻЩԴôǿԡŸҲ۷Ź⣬ؽ豸սʤֻɣҲһɡ

ǶǰҲš

⣬˻ˮ̽ͼءһԴŵ˵ʲô԰ڳ̫˷ˣûи򵥵İ취

Ÿ翴תӣҲЦ⡣ˡŵȥ˯ʲôѵġ

ıů¯ŵһӽ̲סȥô䣬ôůͣ²֮£ǽ̲סƤӲꡣʲô취ѽ

ȻʱŻᶳᣬǿˡŸ翴ŵϹǷ죬Ȼ˵ʲôûʲôû˵ֻǻش⡣ﵽԴýʡ

Ŷԭ˵꣬ƤһӾͺŵվž˯ˡʮֿɰ

ŵ̽߻ѵõشһ¡

˯һڱҹȥһǧ𲻻ȵһҪɢɢعӣ

Щߡ

ķԣֵء

Ѿļ԰ˣԾøκˡ

ŵģֻǻǿѪӿ

Ÿ磬֪Żĺءоſ̫ļĸɻʱһ䣬ȴŵʧɫ

ŵеĶ˵ǰŵѯʡǣո˵ʲôоŸ̫

԰ıʵЩ¡ѵﲻȷʵ˾Ÿ̫

ʱпյ룬ҪҸëȡ࣬а˸Ǿ͸ȤˡȻֻһĵ뷨Ͼжһֱûȫ

Ȼԡϵ̫ǡŻ˻ߡ

ŵ˶٣µض档

˼١




109.  ĵһ   սǰ׼ɡ

ˣֻһ˲඼, һҪĳˡǾŸ̫ǵ˵ķɴ

˵

֮ǰõķ뻹жʮʱŶԡеļƻˡ

ŸоԷϵͳĽſһͷССֵնɴǽ˴, ǷɴֺͱĲͬƷòϡ

ı, Ӧҵûɱδֻ߽ҡҵдͷ, ҵ˾, ǲܵġ

ο⡰ҵļһҪĻ

šǡŸڵ˷ɴϵͳİţõ¼롣û֮ǰļûд뻹жʮܵ

ǡžŸ˳ȥ, ָǿеǾŸԵġ̫ǾŸ磬ⶼܿõǲǷĲһķɴ

ӦþһŸ͵ʵϣĴٶȷǳ졣Ҳ˵ȻܿЩǻǳңԶ

ԭŵŵˡĸոǱŵһ

ŵ˼ԼıǼ⡣ԲҲ֪

ˣǼͨõķɴǼǰİ汾Ǹʱ, Ǹĳ͡Ǻġ׾Ժšⶼܿ˵ľ, һܵ

Һãǡڡ

, , ʱҲܽˡر׼ıƻŸŵ˼ߴٵϽ

áŵŵҲҪץˡǣŵ, ֿʼ˷ɱ֮·

Ͷ빤֮ǰΪָͷѯһ̽߻ˡ㻹ûֵĻԸҰһ𣿡

԰Ϊŵ̽߻˱ץȻûͷûԵŪһͷˮǻǺԥشӦˡ
̽߻سǸжĳˣڰ˳ѾǸ軵ܺˡȻҲѾˡ

ɣôڴһ˫۾ˡ

ôܾܾأ

Ϊŵ̽߻ЦŴӦá࣬Ǹ֡

Ȼĺʹҿչټգ̽߻ǻëֵʱ򣬾ĬҪҡ

˵ʵԽǰҲûôϲԼڣĺϲ

ҲϲԼϲϲԼ

ĵõ𸴣תͶ빤ȥˡôһ롱ĶԼеȥŸ̫ˡ

ھŸľļ֮£ÿ˵ÿÿ붼ع滮áȻֱ׵˵Ǿѹե

996ˡŸļƻԷ׽µʱ䶼ˡǿŵý󺰾

һ뵽ÿһ£Լÿһʱ䣬ΪԼΪԼˣֱѹեĸԸ

ǣǣ죬ŸءŵΪĵȫ֣г̡˯۾ͷء

Ҫÿ춼ˣ˯þˮҲѲҹһĻ˳ɵñŵóꡣ

ңûʱأ˯һӡ˵ʱû۾Ժ˯һ

ǣ˵ˣҪһսǰ顣ŵϺףٰϴûѣû취ֱֻӱȥˡ

ŵŸǺޱ沿һ˲͸¶ɱ

ˣսǰ飡Ķҵɳˣžѡ

ŸµĿ⣬װûʲôؿڡ

Ҷ֪ˣСʱǰõķ˾ͻ½ˡǻʣ24Сʱڼǽ׼ʱ̵10Сʱ

ҺãǼƻĶˡһ뵽Ͳɵҡ˴Դ󺣣֮ǰļƻɣɵñá

ԴȱŸ̽߻˶ҪʡжȫԴơ

ĺ;Ÿ缸ۣϬһͨͬʱ֡ŶӦýле֡

֮ǰļ׻ˡѰȫװˮµĻеߡɾŸĸ߼Ǻѣܰæ򵥷Ļǿġ

Ÿ磬еʱ룬ΪʲôǻأѵϢԴʱ̲סԼĺġ

ҪĶʲôˡŸҲЦ˼һŻش𡣡ڱѧ⡣˵ЩĻ֮бҲꡣ

šȻøŶԺ롣˵꣬ԴּͶ빤ˣŸ磬ҶǼǹ˰ɡ

Ÿһ㶣ŷӦˡ˵ĴңȻֹѾʶ̽߻ǺëǣЩĻҲС

Ǹ໧һıĵǼǲҪıһоǡͬѧԼ

ЩСԼͬȵĴڡ

Ÿ翴æµģЦૡ

žꡣ




110.  ĵһһʮ   ˵

Ҫ, Ⱥ̤ԵսħҺһΪ˶ǵ˵صµıҵľˣȻڵϣΪ˵ֿһ

޷, ô˵ȥֱǿĵˣر˶ӵ֮¡ʲôûС

ڻ谵ĵƹ·ܱʼ顣

ʱʱ, ҡʯмںַȥϵĸ, д

ǧ֮һĿ, ҲϣӮ

ĩβľ𶯵Ӱ춶˿ЦĲ˺ţֻϧʵЦǷ۶Ŷصĵڶʮ졣

918ָܵһ𶯵ʱ򣬴һﻹûв

ȵ707𶯾ϵʱ, ص۶ŵǲʶˡ

ʵĵˡ

ҺãͶ㵽ˡҵȺвʱҰοĻ

һǧ׵ĵص׶˾ҵɼرοµĹ

ÿ뵽Ⱥֻ᲻ڵϵĿЦĵֿߡ

ҡЦ΢ͬʱ򷭵ĵζޣ޷һţЩ˿ɬطڡ

ǼȾҪֿ¿Ц鲻ԽضŮһ˿ڴ

Ӯ˲ܵʤôǾܴ谵ĵص׳ȥ, ȵɴɣǾطɵǼʡ

ȻܻӮ˫̫ˡ, ҲζȺµսϣǻ᲻׷ѰѲ, ֱõҪĶ

ص׵߾ҪܲԤƵȴ, ⣬ֱ²ɱ

طǼ, ͻΪЩԣ˵ˡ

Ȼ˵ĽȴȻûκһ˵˵Ҳȥսɡ˵ҹξֻԼ

ôӮأ

Լʹû˸ǰر̽սֺȷŵʧܷΧѾڵصӿˡ

Сܳȥˡ˽һİ˽ǻˣڽܵƻ谵Ĺ£Ҳݵһ㡣

Ű߾ȫ¶һЦ򿪰©Ǹ߲ٵС

Ҫл㡣±ʣһ˵İﰲ̾һ˵̵ΪʲôǸ鷳أС֪ڵرжΣգΪʲô

ˣرΪʲôΣգѵǲ֪Ҳ֪ǽˣǻʲô³Ϊʲôǲȥһ𷴿أﰲߵش

Ĭˡ

ΪӮˡ˴ش𡣵ʵͬĶԻ֮Ѿüˡ԰׵Ĵ𰸣˵ȼŻĺӡ

ѵʲôӮﰲ߬ȭͷԼؿڣΪҪȭͷΪʲôԣǽһ

Ҳ֪󷽰ҲǶصװҲ֪Լù˿ˡ

ѵȥ͵濸սʿֿŮǸӦȥսˡ

ӮˡΪ֪ӮˣʹȥҲı䲻κ飬ֻνֻѡصףһԼЦߡ

ǲȥŬǣСҪ֪ϾЩġ˶˶٣Ļֻ˵ԼҪǱҡǱν

ǰЦĻҲŪԼҲԼŪȥ

ﰲ⻰̧ͷЦȴڿ˵ɲǣ𾪵˵ˡ

ƽϣѲˮս˺Ѫգһ۾ˣȻˡ

ﰲҲ˵𱸵Ļֻҡͷ˵˸磬֪˼һȥǽߡʹʲôˣҲ

Ϊʲô̲ס˳ץԼ½ǵ

ﰲͷ˫ͯû¶ֻмᶨֻ֪Ӧǡ

ãǾȥɡӦ

һԵĻ𾪵˵

ﰲԼţɵظ㣬˵ҿȥ

šҲȥشúܼ΢Ĳȴ¶ĵĿ־塣

ã˲źҵĨԼᣬ׷һһСĽܣҴȥ

Ȼ˰ٰӣˣʵ󵽵رȥ˲ֹˡȡɡ˶Ĭظ

ʱǰ絽޴ŵĿ־塣

ʲôɡﰲعͷźѹѹȺɵ¶Ц⡣뵽ǽ˵Ļܶ໰

Щһѿ

Ȼ˵ϣ״ڵصøҡ

˵͸

ŸķϵͳѾҵĹݻٴ롣

İﰲܿʤƽźηб

ػһƬϻɳ̹ʲôΨбըͻżҰ

ڻڰǵɲ֮䣬һصľڷػҪһһĺ

ﰲŨѬ۾ƴȥֻģҲܺԥжϵó

Ǿˣ

ǽ㡪

ͯ۵ڿĻĮɢһҲûм

˭ô΢Сأ

˵ĶȴӦһ٣漴ָ

һ߹ŵˣһ߷¡һ쳹

Сȥ

ﰲ˫ͨ죬˵ʲô˵һʱ俸ʱĽİﰲɴ˫ۡ

Ϊл⳯Լ߷

ǹ

Ȼˡ

ӴԵЩصĲȻһ̱ޱȵӯ




111.  ĵһһʮһ   ս

һ͸Ŀ֡

ʾϼҵս, ͻȻ뵽仰

Ȼ˵̱ʤǼδֵ֮£ʲô¶ñˡȻΪԼ׼, û뵽ʱսҡ

һϵͳʮͱݻٵһɶǻĲкɢڵ, ˻ɹȥһ´һŬġ

Һ, ŸһʼԤϵˡ˼Ȼóս, ΪսķɴһҲǻ㡣

̵ʱڴķϵͳ;þɳĵ˵ĹȣӦҲͱֽĲࡣ

Ÿ, ûа취ҵڶĵ£ֱ˻ᱻݻٵĴ㣬һ޸ķ

еõĶҺ̬ˣҲǡغ㶨ɡջá

˵ҲǴģοǸڲʡǼ⵽ϵͳѾƣȻͣˣתҪĿꡣ

Ȼ֮ͣ, ϵͳ豸Ĳк֮£˫еֱۿʼ޸豸

֮, Ѿĵ˾ֵطԼոմݻٵķϵͳȻһˡҲ˵ֱӱ˺·

Ȼ·ϵǽõס, ǵһγϵķ, ˴ʧɫ

ٴ򣡡

һҵڻ𹥻ոϵķϵͳ豸ֱ˸ϡ飬ɢһء

ķһαˡڴɢ

ǿϧʹûս, ҲһѪȵķɴָӹڿ΢΢㣬ϧ

װģ̾ϢûӿгȥأͱǰֵĻҭںˡ

ǿƵķһڷɴǰ£ˡ

ָӹٵԲ˫ۣһࡣ

ʲô£

٣⡭ֲֶٶҪ𣿡

ˡֻҪӹ˵һУĹ¶ˡָӹһǣ侲ֱӽ档

ĵĻأڼ⵽ɴǰٶȼӿ֮Ҳʶ֮ǰСϷѾʧȥá

նƻŸҲգؽķʮӺڶ֡

̽߻ǰѭٵж

Ͱë͵ıȥˡϡûи˹Ⱥëף֪ǻʲôȻϺܲԸһ˼縺չë׵

⵱Ȼķ룬뻹ʮּѡ

Ĵһһ˺ë״µһ֣ѵСͷȥʱ˶޵һѱһᣬɰΪˡ

Ĳòʱôϵľ

սøѡ

ĺ;Ÿ統ԤУ˵Բ˵ȴԺúһ¡

ȵ˴ңԶϵǣһжġޣһ

ε˶ĵһֻ֪õһ鱨ҪĶ֮󷢸Ϣģαװ˵ľŸĳζϢԵȡ

֮Щһܵ˲ңɼġ

ʵϣɳĮĺ¥ƿԵĻþȻʵڣȴңԶý˿ϣ

Ҳ֮󣬲ʶʵУŸ硣쳷ˡ

˵ķɴǻ֮ǰмƻʱڱˡ

߲ÿСʱһ㡣ÿһ㶼ֻܷҪסСʱ࣬ô˵ĻԴᱻ˷ѡ

㲻ܵˣֻҪĵǵʣܵʤ˲̫ͣá´ʱ򣬾͸һĵˡ

Ȼֻ˵һ㣬̾ͷǵͼȫµķֱ֣Ӵƽ㣬ֱƵ塣

նƻʧܵøѸ١˾յģź֮󣬺ԥؼɵұҡҡ׹ķɴ

ɴԽԽ棬ѾڻĻҲ˵޲𹥻Ӱˡըĵ𶯣ûй̶վҲվȡ

ûʱƽ̹ĻĮɿӿݵˡҲ⡣˵ĻȻܺ俪ر㡣ѾĻ¶¶Ѩͨˡ

µĵˡ

ƻȻֻǼƻĴߴٵŸ磬ǿȥص¡

һ˵һ߿ٵظıƻԭȵıҲΣաҪתơǵ˻ôңҲ

ʱ򣬾Ÿ翪ˡ

ǵԴͻø档УҪڶǣȻǽӹܵر֮ڵص׾ûа취ˡ

Ÿ磬ʲôĲŵصɴ˫ۣŸ羹Ȼչ¶һΥ΢Ц

ûشģǰһѾ˴𰸡

Һ̬ӵص״ϰ˾Ÿǡ

̫ˡҪ֪ŸĻеѾ㹻ӲˣȻƤģһĻҲ䲻ƤǴսл

Ȼ˾Ÿ顣

ȵȣŸ硣㲻ȥǻеǣǵ˻̫ˡĽһȥ

Ÿ̧δ֣ԴȻҺ̬˳ư̶ԭء

ͼٿЩҺ̬ʧˡŸ羹Ȼ֪ʱЩҺ̬Ĳٿԡòǲٿߵѡ

̽߻һһش߹ȥչ¶ԼŬѧı顪΢ЦȻǶǲҺ̬ԥ׷Ÿ籼ˡ

һĲž̽߻ֳ쳣޶˵ĵȻƶͺʲôԵĿ϶Ǳ˾

Ҫͣ£

ЩӰâʹ˫ۡ۾ȴŲŲߡֻ͸ģˮһĻ

̫Цˣ˵ˣġΪʲôֳǸģ

ѵȻ޳ȻǸʲôֻ᷸ķ

˺ѷεغС

һȥ

Ÿ磬

һһ֣һһĹâ𣬴˿ҡҷżϨ

ͻȻһӰǰǿŵĻҺɫļ

ŵŵŵԥʡ

Ҳһȥ˵ص£Ϊʲô

ҡʱһꡣ

ŵŵǶҡҲҪһȥҲսۣšҲһȥҲ뱣ǰ

ŵЦˡӵסģ˳ҵĹ㣬㣬֮а㣬Ŀǡ

Ϊ˶

ҵŮ¡




112. [] ĵһһʮ   򡭡

һε˹

, սܱ֮Ϊս

Ŀɬ롣

ĴûжӣŻ˵޴ΪԼŬ, زȻӦ, žνŬ, Ҳֻˡ

սʤĵǲڵġ

ʲô, ֻܱؽ˱޴Լȴʵڵġ̫ʵˣڻԼÿһ޴

߲־Ƕ̣͵ش״̬, Ӧ㶹ˣȫû谭ȫûá

նƻֱ׵㣬˷ʱĲк

ʣµĹҲա

ЩʧˣӦڵһʱܡ˵ǴһʼͲáŸǶԵġ

ǲｫ˵սôȵԺ󣬾͸ˡ

ҲһʼǸ֡

ֻǵ޴Ϊһ

, 侲㡣ŵʱ缰ʱ¶, ĽѰ񾭡

ĿЦһô侲أŵŵҡ

ǰŨƱľɴ֮У, ҲԼ

Ÿӭ, ʼʱȷʵЧˡ˵ľսͱңϵڻȴûдĿ, Ǿֱ档

ȻֵĺôһӦʱʤֻҪ֮ȥ˻صصıѳȥͲزˡ

ŸѾʧȥ糬3СʱˣڻսеĻⲻ˸֮

ڻųƵģЩҿʵʱ

ٿصĲҺ̬ŵĹâģ˽δ֪ĴڡֻٿĵӦ֣Ϊġ

װսḻĵһս֮

Ǹдǣȴ޷١ΪڼܣԼӵеȫȫ[е]սпõļܡ

Ļеᱻصǵͼṹϡ˽սȱҲѾЩмԺη

ߡġ

һηֽǿԼ֣Ҳ˰ûںʹޡ

ȥϸ룬ƴطԼֻǲ֣ǲȫһֻ𣬲иµ鷢ġ

ỹ޷Ƶӿ˳

սѾҪ޷֧ȥˡƴغУȴҲûһӦ

տҲ

ֻ뵽ľ;ڵ쳣Ҫ̧Լĸ첲̧Լˡ

ŵᱣǵġ

ôôЦһЦ

Ľ߾ȫضԼǷϾɥ飬ս֮УûȷϽ֮ǰûκ֤֤Ѿʧȥһ֮ǰ

㵱ΪʲôѡҴԽĻǿƲסԼ˵˽ɵĻΪʲôѡôôҪĽɫΪʲôѡһġġ˴Խأ

ĵĲʾ䣬˺ѷεָ

ѡĲǱ˵ĻŸǾͲΣˡ

Ǹһһʼг㣬ѻؽúܺúܰȫҲ֪ϮʱȷľϣµŵԶ

һ

ΪʲôѡһõأΪʲôҰ

ĺš

Ϊ֪ԼôˡһƬǽսҲŸǣҲԮֻԼֻһһǴԼ

жôЩãжʹԼ

õô࣬ȴʵֲԼĳŵȴԼҪһСõǵİ

Ӧһܺõ˴ԽµǾͺˡ

ķӲҲûκιϵġ

Ŀ޵úģҪеΪѶйһشš

ŴŵԼֱϣǸеȣű㱻һ㱡Ȼ󷴸š

ǿûκá

ǰڵĵˣĽδ֪Ľкô죿

ڴʱĬõŵڻشȶᶨھ˵ػ졣

ΪǸȷˣõѡ񡣡

ƭӣĺԥطıʲôãûˣôȷѡءûϵͳңͶԷֿĻᶼûСҲڴԽͻȥˡ

һΣŵûõȣǽ˵ǵġġ

סˡ

ûҡûκεİʮȻᴫǼʡΪ̩֮ǳŮ֮ŷٵе

ŵˡĸʱÿ˵һֵ֣ĳء

ƭӡĿ޵ʣ˻ƵʲôЦôõôġ

Ҳ֪ŵЦˡұҪ㣬ҵŮ£ȷʵˡ㶼ûκһ˳ɹ̤̩ء

ңŮĶ챻ЦˡʲôЦĿչڿǱѹŴ򰡡ѵʱܴһرشܵˣȻҸλ

ŵԥż죬ûܰѹµĻ¶

ûʲô

һˣԴʧȥЩ֮󣬾ֻʣһˡ

ŵĳĬĸеһڶҪȫһ㡣

ѵʿˮͼƭô˵δϵͳ֤ⳡսǻʤɡ

ǵġʤŵֻ˵

شǺõԤףȴˡ

һʧȥ𣿡ٶ۵һ쳣ѡΪ𣿡

ŵһش

ȻĬζſ϶

̲סѿڶૣʵȻ

Ҹô죿

ҪĲǸŵעԻͲõġŮ¡

ҲԣûкܶɾҲԣûʵܣеʶҪԼȡöԡ

ҪǺʹһ𣬽˶ѡ

ڿ˶ѡңԶġʧȥǣδעѵʲô취˭

ʱ򣬵˽ɢչ¶ĿĴء

ЩɵӳȻò̫һǲкڻǡ

Ϊһһë׶ſЩЦĻܣǱסˡ

ëըСʨӣͷϵĽǱڻһ¹˳Ƥëմҳˮ̡

ǿǱˣǼʹˣȻþԼȫȥЩ˸ŲɹâĻǡеĻֻʣһͷ­˫޻Ļе۾ȻŹâ

ǻŵ

Ƕš

ɢȥëҲˡĿԣëһ㣬ŵըëΪ֮ǰİ͵صµıȥʱ򣬾ͿˡҪǷ͵͵ֿްɡ

һë׵㿴ңҿģְСʨ˳

Сʨε˵ǣǲ͵ġǡˣҪֹǡԡ԰ɡҡԼõģǡ

Լõģ

͵ػ

ңԶļǸ׶԰СһŵԱ֤

ǰԼõġͻȻӿ޵

Ǹ޴Լ

ôֻʣ޴ˡ

һҹȻǲҪ

޹ˣ磬Ҫȥԡ

ǽ㡪

С

תͷȥ

ҵڻٴ

Сȥ

ķɿس˹ȥ⹥

[ѧ][ӥ][]ףϵͳеļܶΪһ׼ġ

ǻ

һʼնûá

˵ǣûа취á

[Ԫؿ]ΪʲôûκһԪƫңĴúܼѡΪҪԸеĵˣҪŬסëǳ˵ĵ·

ԵġԵġԵġ

ĿҪס⹥ˡ

һҪʲôûϵġϵͳδһǿǵпܡ[Ԫؿ]ҲһǿõļܲŶԡ

ŵش

еġǣеġ

ʲôԪƫҰ㵹ֱ˵Ľ˹ȥ泷˵ëǵһǸԶȴм̽߻˵ë˵ã

ĸϽȥȴˡ

ǧһ֮ʣë[]͵ͳï֦ܵҶһ𣬻˷֣ҳһ

˲ȼһƬɫ

ս˵ϡ

Уľʧغ

[]ЦŻӶд֦ɣ̹⣬ӵ£ϡ֦Ϸµѿ

ô£

Իһǣ̾ͷӦˡ

ΪӳɳĵǶɢӨӨ̹⡣

رݣȻڳѾߴҪͻһ㡣ø̵Ƶġ

ΪʲôҶôĵͷԼڷ⡣׼ȷһ㣬Ӧڴǣŵڷ⡣

ǣɰˣһͨСʨԾش󺰡

ŵ˵Ļˡϵûкǡ̫ԣâԡǱ

̯ƣһ߬ȭͷ

֪[Ԫؿ]ôõˡ

˵֪ʲôƫˡ



˼Ļŵ϶ǶԵġǡ

ı۾صľ棬׵Ľǻû˻ĮɫŻǡ

Ȼأ

Ȼô

ЩԻûùܡôѵ̩ѹ

ŵ̿

ǡ

ʲô

㡣

㡣

Żǣĵ仯

ƽ̹ĻĮΪʵɽݵĹȵףƣ׾ٵס˵ˡ

ôܣ˵ָӹٲŵƴ

̵սѹ֮£ҲϵģͰˡ

ûʲôܡЦˡҵĵ̡

㡭ǰ̩֮ȻǸŮ

ҡͷûʲôŮֻĶѡ

ûȤ

ǻ˵ǹ⣬ǹ־£ŻҺɫӢˡվĵ΢Ц

ëǿΣѾ̽߻ǻˡ

ǣ˷ܵƴ֡⻹ֱȳ˹ȥһ˽ͷϵĻСϣˣˣ

ͷ޵šǣúܺá

ëҲ̽߻

ë׼еĴʵʱߡ

ǾΥůС

ǣǣ

ţԴܵĴ¡

ԭȻһĻĮѾˡ

ȻҪǣﲻǼį¶硣

ǣʲôŵվЦʡ

ŵŵ롣˵ıŲסˣһЦ˵°䡣ڵĵκʺ׽Բء

ë˸߲ҵر

ǣɣ

ŵ̿

ţŮ£Ǹʺϵǡ

ѾܣսûнͷϷõļ԰

ɢıסŵֱֱ֣˫ۣЦ˵лл㣬ŵŵлл

ǡ˵ˡ

ŵϣΪ޵̫׵۾

һС

ڿ˵˵ƭҵˡ

ŵ

ıﲻסЦ

ĻǣӴ˽ֵĳͯζ֮ء

ɲǹµĽβȤҪʼء



صС˵www.27txt.La ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ