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1 
ĵһ죬ضڲ̡
СĿռڳʪȣ˵ζڱǼǽϷƵˮջһצʵĽűߣջؽţذֻĻ
Ļһ飬ۿţµ̻Ҿ۳һѡ
׼ǧؾȻǰӢŮ˭
ϳ׼Һ󣬿ŸΪİظúȥδӣ
ͳ̳Լ󣬰ǷΪǮؾɰ
ԭٱҵҲ̶ֻ̼⣬ҧһͷϵͳû뵽˵㻰ˡ
ϵͳϵͳسŵԭ򣬼ǩԼ;ᡭ
Ȧ̧ۡ
еһ٣ﱻǰŮˡĿ־壺һжҵҵĸĽӦõġ
ʶ࣬һС
߲ľģģӳڵģݵ塢԰׵ɫҵɫӶǷ˿ڣָһģһõߡ
ԼɵЦƿһڡ
ʵաաסհ׵ʱ򣬻һҪ÷硢ҪǧС㡣а˵ŵԵδǶĽĶ
Ȼһжһǰơһǰгͷˤͷ¶Լǰ׼ҵĹѪֻһĸڻǰµĸҰְˡ
׼ǻյĺţҲϿŸС죬һҹ֮磬׳
ĸ磬û˵ȥֻһֻͺëɽһӳﳲûˣδҲȥ
Ҫ˵ϴȱ侮ʯˣǰ׼ǧʱŸֱֻǸװģС޷ˣͳ˵ٵlow죬˰ٱǰͼСǺȾƵƬڳϷŵ.ҵıǩ
Ծô£ֲʱáؿŵϵ̻һЦϱԼϳ׼ҺΪĸմӡءɡء¿ʼû뵽ѲԹ
֪ʱʲôһ˫εĴټڸ߹ԼŴʧܡ
䣬ӡɽһͷ¿ŰսҲȥϹQֱɳһ¡
Ҫϵͳ͵˵ظǸ׵ȥˡ
ϵͳȫǡƵϵͳְѰͶƵС˵磬ӰԴﵽ۲ƽηչĿġ
صűһʬоʱͰߣһףֻҪĸƵС˵һһĸȻ뷽跨˦ﵽǡһΪҵĿקĿģܵõһĻᡣ
ؾԼǩЭ顣
˾ţ֮ĸ񣬽ڵõĻᡣ
ֻϵϢʾ˱׼Ҹϳȥһ£Լ¡
ͷϵ˿ڣȦһ£֪ͺáôߣ
ϵͳͣɵĸ񻹴ڿڣ˽֮ǰϵͳ޷뿪
»ͦࡣ
ϵͳԣϵͳҲϣպ𡣡ʹٱҲеҧг
һЦ̻վԿһ죬ؽݡ
ģһȺɵƣ˵ʮͻȻǰһСʱʮӹҸģ·ʺ
߸ЬĽŲתһȦͣǰűĵ죺
𣿸ϽҪò
ҧ̵٣кĺˡ
ҲһС죬ǧǧһĳŮһһдƴųôͣһǿ±
˵ԴǿԸ񲻸úͱ˺סϳ׼ҵʱΪʾ֤ʲôֵǮĶûտʼûʶԣϵǮӻ˼죬ֱ޷ĵĵز֪ס
Ψһֻ֮ǿ˷ǮһıѧʡһǮⷿһСúҹһ˻һ˯˾
Ȼ죬Ҳвͬ׷ⲻÿ췢ͻ
ͷߣ˫ϴ̨ϣ
һҪһᣬԭؽɡ
Ĭһ£ѡһűһţá˳ŷ
ǲв
Դ汻ײ˰ɣֲ㱻׼Ҹϳ¥ã
ǰҿ˲ƽϣ㻹űǰɣ
زشˮͷˮסžԼ̧üҡ
һҪǿˣʲôʱ򶼻ửŴŨױǸһĿףסԼȫ˼
ʱͷϻ۵ĴһʵĿҲû˴ԼֻҰ׵ķ۵סڵѬױټĴɫˮһţʦﲻЧһֱû⡣
ϱܻôֺҲǸ漣
һЦָһ̧һǽҿ
۵Ķ¶һָڳ̺ͻأغب棬ǰ״ϵѺһĿͻأ
̣ϸȥǰѼ׽ʱ¥ŪģϱӵΪǳ裬ÿôסڵΪƨ
ϴ˰ˮ˳żϸ°ڣʪָһ£˿ɢԺؿžеԼ˿
вͬѰŮӵ࣬üϸĿֱͦıϸ°ֻͣһ˫΢۱ĴܿŮ˵ϴȥеαװ۰׵ƤԣǼⱻ÷죬۽ǵʪ۾ӨմѪľɢ¶۵оӡ
̫Υ͡
ȤһˮͻȻӴ
أû꣡ٲҾͰҿˣ
ϵͳʼ𣺡֮Ѿʺˡ
һüˮͷְѡ
ű͵ش򿪣⣬Ѿ̧ˣ軹ҳ
׾ٵץסˮӶԷָ⻬⣬ĳƽĺи˰ͷԲµˮ
̧ͷȻһ㶡
ڹļžУǳɫͫﵹӳ㶵ı飬ЩİؿصβŰǰݶϺš
ǰ޲ðԼɰ޺󣬺ͶԷͬסһζûпصգԭԷȻ
Ժһ衯֣ŲҰҹpyӷϣԶϲ˲
ϵͳҺãϰˡ
صҲǵȻƺĶֺĻǳĿڡ
Ȼ˵ĲӺļֻ֪һ˵˵вǲԾƨɡ
ģع񣬺ðһԼϽÿ
ؿɿ֡
ĺһװڵسȴ㱻ſڵϰѰʺ
Mģ
űعϣ洫߳ŭ죬ͻȻһЦ
ֽϻ
лҪ˵ллҵ֧֣ף죡
Ԥգĸת
ŮСˤͷһѣԼǰȻϵԵˣ˴·Ϊ١ˣָڵҲˣǰԺǴʮԵŴħ𣬺һԵ
װģ񣬾Ϊ˳֮ǰ£ŸͰԼˡ
ʰʰȥ͸ڴסಡ㣬Сһ顣һջǰ£Сߵ̲ס˸
һͷͿޱһֻ
С
Ǹ
Ҫң


2 
ķͺǶšķ䣺ɫǽ棬ɫĲʵԼǽǵż˿ͥܰԣӡȻ˭֪Щ߶˵ļҾֻһǽֽˡ
ͺܰͬķտֲڣ˻ļҾ֮⣬ɫģֻŵһŻױ߰㣬˸ֵͶƷƵĻױƷһ豸
㶫עһػʣеǮġװ
ϱûʲôŵ㣬Ψһõóֵľһ¿Ƣϳȥûʲôͽ졣
ֻƢ˵úִţ˵Ĳûзçײ
Ļױ߳ԽĵӺ˵˾÷˿һŮȻ˶ģǵ㼼ɾͲˡϢʱûɫͶļʹ̭
һʼšءЩȶȷʵõ˺ܶעһױƵշȥʱ硣˶Ħ׼ҵļǧ𡪡ǰŸôתױġ֮УõֻǵصĳЦ
ڶƵû⣬ֻһ²ۡ
ֱ޿ɻ
ʹĻױõҲ˽Ⱥڵıľֻõ޼ꡣ
ءĽʣµһ㸺ûסΪý庣ƽƽߡ
𡰰ءǵǰ׼ҵļǧ𣬶˵һ䡰Ǹ찡
ϵͳ棺Ҫ𣿡
Ȼشһ᣺ýʱֶ飬Ϳץץסˡ
ĸʲô඼Թµһױ졣ֻҪܻȥְҵûʲôߵ͹ÿ˶ĵߡ
ػһҲˣ͸ĸ˵һҵΪأǮԽһ⣬Խ󲿷⡣
뵽Ѳƴ򿪣ֻںãȻڻױǰһ
ڵгѾڱͣҪһʵشӲڴֻܿԼ
Ҫǧӱֻ׿ԽĻױǲġץȵ㡢ȵ㣬ӪɳЩѧʡ
ϱǳûĻĿ
ֻ򿪣û˵ֻǰѷ۵ҺֱϣĬĬƿױϡ
Ǹ߶˵ķ۵ҺټƤĵӣɲһУֻõȫǵͶ˲ƷҪ벻ۣòһ㹦
סüߡÿһɡ
ڵ統˵ջû
أĸΪһڼȫ˧ĳƨôúŪģ
Ūž죬ڻЬ׼ţҪһţ̹档
ԷȻһ죬Ҳչҵûµʱȥ湫˾ԣʹֻһȺݣʹ¼ȡļʴԼڰٷ֮һҲ衣ȻͶԷԸֲӵľ
̧ۣ͸ױԷӡ
͵Բۣ㻯ʲôױ˰ղղͦõô
תʹһȥ
ôˣĴŨױˣҴʲô
ɫȹɫѥ崿ͨĴš
ȴؼǵϱӵĽϣһζػһѱһؿԹҲˡҲˣ˵ǲ崿
֪ص·ˡ
ŮֽһѰο˵꣬Ϊִһܡ
û˵ֻ´һۣ۽һ䡣
Զ˸崿ڡ
ֱë㿴Ҹʲô񾭲һ˻ڡ
վ㻹ж೤ʱ䣿
ʮӡĪ˺һˣԼ﷢񾭰ɡ
סʮӣʮ֮㵽´ˡ
ʲô
δ䣬óĲϣৼ
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ӶԼȹϵѾֻˣ޲أȻһſȴĪ
ȹӸ˸ﰡǲǼҺãҪʧ͸ͬھ
մں˸ᣬ¼ڣһ˫ɫĸ߸Ьڽ£
ϡ
Ьߣһ̧۶ص߲˸£ֻһ߻ЬһΪ㣡Ҹأ㻹ǰ׼ҵСأڲˣ͸һɶǣ
һЦںϴһĨֱƵ¾ǰ
͹ɡ
ҾͲ˭
صİɫȹĳɰɫȹһš.ֱǴ׹Ĳϣʾ߻͹С岻ߣΣɫȱɨջ󡣻˺ɫѥȥͷصȱ㣬ɫĸ߸ЬҲ
㾦֮ʵϴһģںܺһֻʵǱ
ִ
סҲ̫ˣеջ󡭡𣿡
ڻױϣʱˣԼ˵ʹ
˵ýһ㣬崿ñ˶塣
Щ㱣е֪вУ֪һ£ˣ
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ʶԼڵ⸱ģǳ˭֣֮Ǹмǲ˼ؿأǸû뵽ġ
û뵽ǰԼģղΪڶ绹˶Էô䡣ڻ޲Ҹطȥ
һ̧°ͣҲǽ𣿡
Զԣ͹͹ûŭϲʤܣˣ
ҡҡͷͻȻ뵽ʲôҲǰȦ˲¹ͷΪһѪͻûᣬ̫棬ǻԵʣĹͷ̫Ӳ𣿡
ص۾㶵ͷ
ţ³һ
ΪƢῴ󡣡ϵͳ˵ĵһʾȡ
ôر𣿡
ϵͳ϶ǡ
ΣֻǻѡۺԸϾںôʱûаҵϢй¶ȥ㡣ͳһ㣬Ҿ޷Ӳ
ءжôǸ֪˵ÿ춼ϵ졣ֻҪй¶ȥһգͲ׾ˡ
ػһȻôѵؿˡ
»صϣشֻ˵鷳ýԼĸи
žͷ̧ۡޱؽҿԼǵĴʼȾĻױˢһᣬ˳İ̺͵ػ¡


3 
ƵͷѾƫ
شԼMվ˺š
ڵ˺һٶķ˿󲿷Ϊ׼¼ǰΧ۵·ˣСѷۻزȵķ˿Ĳҷۡ
һϣֻвʮ򣬵ĻĿûŴĳЦ޼ֵ֧
ǰѹƵԿ¿Ƣ
һЦһԼƵȫСʱȻȫȥҲҪеһּ
Ҫȥɣ˸һϢ
ͷϿ
С
ͷϵԼͰ׼ҵһϵ£һµļ١Ѿˡ
ܵĸ࣬Ͳ̫ͨļAҲգƨɺҲǿڰ׼һѵķϡѾǰ׼ҵˣôصظʵ벻ͨ
ض˶٣ּһ䣺𣿡
ˣҪ𣿡
ѧУҡ
תһȦֺѧϰйصĶֻһ飬װϡǰֻ֪Ժ֣ѧϰûȤп̡̾Ȼڵڶۿѧжô׺Ȼ˷ֻᡣοԼеʱ䶼ķС
ѧУʱѾڡ
شñӣһʱ֮仹ûмϳ͵ᡣ
˼䣬֮ѧУס֮Ǻο֮⣬ѵĹϵҲܽӲڼѳݵԼΨһıܷۡ
Žȥʱ˶ڡ
ˣ˫۾ˢˢؿ
ժ¿֣ŵһ΢ֹһ£˷ܳͷ
صһͷ˦ڴϡ
ͷôûױҲϲ

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ϸ򹷡ϵͳܽᡣ
ĸǿ׳˵˳ۣظԹ˺ܶࡣ
ԺҪͷֲǡҴ
ǡԺҽסأ
ؿһ̸ۣĿڣԲѾˡ
ǰװģѧϰ˶һۡ
صĲѾɷˣȻԺؾСԸһ¡
ĵǸ߼ǸĶֻǿˡֻƵԣؿʼƵ
ױƵҪļɲҪô߳ҲֻȼڹӦģʹñ˵ĵԼϾǳ֮ơǮĿǰȱĶ
ԾûпĻ͵͵һһۡ
ƫĹǼγɽεĹ㣬ģһ㣬ֻܿһ˫ǳɫͫ׳γ
Ϊʲôе˲ױÿ
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вǶͷϵ̣ǾϵһѺۣʹְա
ΪͷϵֻǸ̾
ҸʲôȥʲôΡ
񣺡һרҵκһڹΡ
AһۺԴѧѡרҵ̿ƣҪѧרҵĿ֮⣬ΪѧֻҪѧγ̡
͵һ⣬вСļʻͬרҵǰѳ̳벻ͬרҵǰޱͬһڿΡ
ǽڿκɲɳ̳ޱڡ
Ҳ뵽һ㣬̽ʣͷأнڿγ̳Ҳڣ㻹ȥ𣿡
֪غͰ׼ҵЩµģҲ֪ͳ̳ľΨһرǣһֱΪضԳ̳֣ڶˡ
ʵҲϾһֱԳ̳ޱĹϵӦ޴ΪԴסܵ˳̳ļ
˵ʼطֲ尮黹ռôԴԼ¥ݺֲ壬ǾԴˡ
ϵͳʣûи˵ԭ𣿡
ط꣬һС
ȻûߣϾ˶Ϊֻһ⣬ֳҵԼ˵塣
ںͳ̳֮ǰΪ̳ޱߵùԼޱԼ˫̬Ⱥͳ̳󳳹һܡ̳ÿζޱֻǺѵ
صȻôúŪģޱֻʳ̳ÿһޱܳṥޱŰҪΪޱԼᣬͳ̳׵ġ
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ְеУߵ˲ĸװӢΪȡ֡
زòŲµˣδĺѡô࣬ûи׵ĸԤʱ˦˳ֻ̳²ʲµ̬޲ðӿٳ
ֱһǰϣͻȻյһţ˵ޱʱڳ̳ҡ
ΪԼץ˵İѱǽҪ˻顣û뵽˳̼ңޱڣȴΪĸա
˲䣬Լˡɴƹˤ̳йԼĲޱȰͣ䲻֪˭һְ̧˦ȥ˳ų̳ҵ¥ݹһѪ«һ̧۶Ѫɫ
ʱ˶ڰοսսޱ
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֮Уعһǹֻ
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ΪϽοؽ㣬¡УȺ̳ǹԱҪǿ˿϶᲻ܵġ˽
ѾˣΪѾ˵ˣ
Ҿе֡ǿɲԲҪô֪˻ĵġ
ɭ̷һokı飬˸̾
ޱҲ̫˰ɡһ׷ҧôΣ㻹Ϊ룬ʥĸת
ޱidش𣺡ûʲôǲҪֻ̫ں̳ŻҺĹϵѡΪ׼Ҹϳ鲻ãǲҪˡֻҪ֪Һͳ̳׵ģ͹ˡ
һƬ֮УԱ̳ʰо֣ޱͬѧ˵öԣAĸ߲Ҫݵ¡
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صƵƽģĻй۲ϣ˯ǰر
ָһԶƮ˳ƵĵһĻھͷǰصԷ۵Һƺϴſɵtڵ֣ڻɫıǽƺŹ⡣
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ֻǵĻķӦҪҡ
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㻨ʲôױϴεױϴεĸױ
˵ˣлˡܾϴͫĺʹ촽ľױ͸ױطŹױɡ
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Ļ˲ˣʼƹˤ𣿡
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˵ˣҪʲôֱģ󲿷ֱУŹܵĹױѧèУֱ䱻˶пܡ
ƲƲ죺ǻСŮ
ʣԷѧèУ
һʳԱ졣ҲΣΪʲôôϲһס
èɰĶʲô
룺ӣ
Ǿͻױ
žԼ۳һű˶˵Լʮܻױ
ضž̧°ۣͣеѶȣҲ޿ɾҩ
ױֻҪץסһص㣺ɰ
Ǻ۾̫ҪԲ۾ͱ뻭ԲϡȻԲҲôûģУǹһshiԵС
ֱӴӺͷʼΪֹβɨֱգγ
ʣµʮ˳ٺɫɨϼȸߣҧױױʹ󹦸ɡ
С̧̲ۡסƤ۾˺öడҲ̫˰ɡСĵؿأ᲻ƨɣ
ױҲзֱ𣬡ǡǡƤַͬ
ʲôǻƤ
ֽǻǡġشֻ˾ǻƤ
һڵĦ̶졣Ͻֻ꣬Ҳ̫ɰ˰ɡȸǸСǸɰһٱ
ֻеģֻ˫Բ˫ۣرβ˲٣һӣС죬ϵǾƺĺΣβĺɫֺһֻ¶Сӡ
̧ͷض촽
غһסһ̧һtںͷϣϡ
չһԭһ¶װTˮīһֻСӣīˮڲϵȾë޵ëСӱܲͷ״βˣֻɰֿš
ÿɰģ뵽ظղûϣ㻭İɣ
ز˲ϵīգϻ컻ϡ
Tתͷһһë޵β͡˻ΣģôʲôᰡǼ񵽱ˡ
һЦſ򣺡ʱ䲻ˣ׼ɡ
ģȺֱУҾͲҡԷ
㲻ỹ볪ѧèаɡ
ǡǳʲô
𣿡
ᡭ
һ̧°ͣӣѧᡣ
һϣڵǰQĸСʱѹֵ˷ϣллֱѾŶôôգ
ֱѾأл
Ѿ˵ˣʮһʮһ򡭡ûôҳ衭
ʮ޺ˡ
ҹ²̨ϺȾף
˸ãأ㲻֪ĵһ졣ô˸ҿɰ˵˵ţЩʣ
ֱôʱ䣬ûһ졣㲻֪үүǿֱ̫ˡ̫ˡ
سĬغһ
㡣һЩĻ϶ҿɰϴ·ġ˵֪ʦƵġ
һ¡֪ʦ⼸֣һЦ
˹ôʲôᰡ㻹ʲôģ
³һֻѧƤëʲôͨ˴ڡ
ţѾ˷˿˾ǿ϶
ǿúء̡ܾ⡢Ϸβ˦ˡ
Цһһھơ
£ˣ˵ҸĴʲô
ػϵ·µģء


ѧһ죬һ磬ܲ
һ̫ݣһ̫֣
ٳϣֹܲˣʢԾһһ
гϢʱ򣬼˺ſȪˮ
̳ѧ˰ɣа𣿡
˵ʲôϻ̳û˭аգ
̳һЦﲻҪǣýлμ½ڵֻᡣ
½ǳ̳ż˭֪¡
Ǿףɹɭһļ
˺һˮ˶ų̳üŪۣǱߣǲǸǰŮѣ
̳ͷԶԶؿشܲŸβںڵķ˿˦ɵĻȡ
ʲôǰŮѡһˮѹĪĽ꣺Լֻ˫ҳЦֲİ׼ˡ
Ǿͺá˿ƵһЦ׷ͦ࣬һЩͻء
̳תͷȻٳѾˮˡһ㶼Ů϶ɬƾܣûѣһƿһڡ
֪˭Цһͦ¶մġ
̳һü
ɭһأʶʹЦһúÿôԴտա˵Ҳμѧȡ衣
ǡƺ̳ɫã˸ͣǰû˵ѧжáβμӾΪ̳ɣ
Ϊ̳ô˵
Ůô¡ڲǰ׼ˣ䵽죬̳ΨһܰϵǮˡȻ뷽跨ע⡣
ɭ˼һ£ԽԽô£̳̳㿴ϿΣôöϿͻȻһڿϡ㱨ѧҲϲٳܲⲻ˳𣿡
̳һʶؿءɶԷһ̧ۣҲ
̳һ´˵ʲô顣
ΣΪͶˣԭôݡ
ϲģһŮôִŵصţһⲻ˵⣬Ҳ⡣
ѿϾֵܵֻһһǴֻŮˣŮ˲ʵЩ̧ͷ
뵽أԽԽöԷﻹݡУ˵öԷٰΣ
뵽ȥ


6 
һ˵ˮ
ϵͳ̲ס̣㵹¶մ
صǹƽ
˵ţקקӣͷ̡˭ˡ
̧ۣ̳Ѿߵǰ
ء̳һԶݣȥϸ
áذ޶̧ۿ̳ʲô˵ֱ˵ɡ
̳һҭرǰǺˡվţһֵһͷĴһ
㣬ѧɡ
͵͵ԹϵʱһѿڶΪʲô
ȴóߣɵX
ˣ̳
̳صıӰôѼӲٲѻ˵ףԺͳ˦ţƤˡ
أһ䣬ٳϴ˶˹֪ʲôɣ˷ʱ䲻ֵã
ؽŲһ٣תͷšü
ΪԼ˵еʹ̳Щ⣬Щ֪ΪʲôͻȻϿΣҲ֪Ϊʲôμӱ֪ΪʲôǰһЩûõġӽһҪңھȷظ㣬ܡ
ʱһƬž
һ˼ؿ̳̳ھܾأô˵ǰ֪ô˵ֱǰصϲ֪صΪʲôôѪ
۵ؿأԷޱ飬ƺѾŴˡ
ѪͷߣӾǰۣһ˲䱻ק˻
ˮ߹ȥ˶ʱס˵ʲôϻ߳ŭ̳һƣ
̳׼ãΪ֪صԸ߳ŭһЦ֪ں
ʲôû˵šƿǻһ
̳˺һɵˣʲô
صҪվӡ
̳
װ׵سԲ˵̲סЦ
ף̳ô᲻סɫǺ죬ʶͷЩֵܡ
˺ɭ˶ڷ߿Цл
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׼ңشĻֲǰ׼ҵˣҺͰ׼ҵ¹ƨ£
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Ȼһһڳ̳Ժһ˵ôĻƽȻ־䶼˵һ£顣
ǡӦġ̳˶ǲšǰޱһӦôô˵ϲͲϲ
һǶԷӲô룬кһЩ뷴Զ
̳磡
תͷһŰȹŮܴعһƿˮǺ
̳磬ڴĵطҲ㣬ԭ⡣
ޱһתͷȣԭҲڣɰ
صǺɡԱϵطۡ
һһޱɫЩҲס
̳ɫԣ΢΢һ򴽣̳磬ٷҲôԶ˵أˬԼǲõΪŶ
ޱָ˫̳ƺ뵽ʲô͵ػӹˮƿݺݵعһڣ
Ҽǵá
ޱһЦ
̳һһ̧ͷȴͺˣɵһ㶡
ޱ򴽣קһӣ̳磬ôˣ
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ȥ·ϣɫЩҡͷôо̳ޱôһ㲻Ծ
ľԴڿˡؽƿӽͰﲻԾ
ǡô׵ĸо
ԣǲֻԼ֪ܣץӸε֪Ҫ׷ʵʱȴһ˵̬ȡ
ҪסЦһҵһһһֻ͵Ĺס
ܸоϢܴ
ϵͳҪ͸¶ݡ
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ʱת۾͵ؽʱͶѧĸף˷ֵǡ
ظⲻת˿
ѧѶȽϸߣ˱ûˣһļʻǺܴġ
ˡǣؾͺͳ̳һ
̳ҵʱɫһŭ𣬵һ۶ûпЩ
׻ˣ̳롣ԼľûãѵԷμӿԵģصĳɼһֱãѧһͿǴСϵ£һ¶Էܱš
ѵܹݣ
ԣһܹݡŮǵ˼Ǻܶࡣ
˵ַݵĻʵ϶ʡǹҴڸУ˼
ʵʲôᣬһֻдһ⡱ԼԷģһ⣬ɼʱԷҲᱻ̫ҡ
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һҲʲôӡ
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ͬѧרעԼԾĴ⣡
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ӽҳʱ˸ɡȷ磺ͷô
شļ򣺡ߣԷȥ
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͵ǰףˡ
͵رУͷҾ֪У
ĳ̳ɫЩ԰ס
ޱܹȥˮ̳磬ô
ޱӣһꡣûлشתߡ
ޱݺݵҧס´

ȴɼһڣҲûš
ʣµǮúװһԼķ䣬Ȼָ·һһ̿㡣
һɫţףƽƽ棬ˮīƴӻŷִϣ档
̿ͨţп㣬ֻ˿˿ߡ
ֱķ˿ͻʮֻǴص·һΣвٹҪͬ
ǰ³кһֻһټǼӪҲһˮ
·㲻ǡơȴʦһ̤ʯ
һ֮ڣֻױѧϰܲţһӡLUҡ
乤ֻͺˣƺѾܿպĹģ
һͼֽ³һ
һ֮󣬳ɼ
أȽ
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°͵Ľ˶ˣ˽ףо⡣
ѧУһɼһгϷƽƽϢ¶ˡ
ػҪˣغüڣ
ģͷֱ̫ˣֱ֮⣡ǵ񣡡
ƿţ㲻нǮҪǿԲμѧֻᣬͷԼ½ˣһҪҪtoǩ
һͬ͡
Σ԰ɡʲô¹޹ֻᣬȥ;ͳɡ
ϣĪ˯ţߵ̨һ̧ͷͻȻĸΣһ۲ŷԼۻ
ĸ
֣Ī˸ս


7 
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ѧֻٿӣһܶİĳѧУͣڲٳؾ͹ϣʦ࣬ƺѧΧȾЩѧȥʳõ·϶ĵؼ˼顣
ʱȫصѧСʦһáϢԴУһװġͷкͷǳĬȫš֪ʶϢƺű鱾īˮζ
һſɶ̽յƵĴм䣬һλŰ׳װ㡢ڷӭ˾͸עĿ
¥ϡèŵŮѧ̽ͷճ˼Ȧ䵽Ϊ׵װУϣƿߡ
Ԫǰ棬ЦЩѧǽAAţ֮Ȼö˵ҲУܽġʡԣֻҪЩţ˸棬ܰѲٳϰŴһεȪ
Уʮ꣬һθѧֻͰ½챶ӣУ԰ƤЬƺ˷
½ڡһɫװͷЦеؿ½£˵BҵģAǵһɡ
BAͬˮѧ֮аꡣҲУ֮½Ϊѧ֮㣬࣬㣬˺Ҳ֮С
½һЦ˿۾Ź⣺ǣAر֮ŲһȻУȻBҵģҲʹBѧҲǽ֮УϣA󲻻ʧ
ͷһҭ˵ˡ
Ԫɫ˱䣬ͷĺῪĺ˼ԺʿʲôѧУҲ˵˵ݣ½»أʲô
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سһǡͦڶڸеĴ硣
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ֻģֻΪʧȥ½µĻᣬΪԼȻһŮˡ
ƾʲôܻȴʲôò
ѧְȨõһֻ᳡פصʸ񡣿Ż᳡صƣսȭͷ
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֪ԼȻζ벻ôѵѧʤɡҶԷȻѾ죬ôôһֲûпܡ
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ĳȹɫȴ䵭ı飬ǰٺϻһ¶顣
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û˵ֱ꣬ӽ˽ҡ
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ҵԼλ£ԱһȽߣҲӣ껡
ӿ̧һۣż˷ֱܵ¡
ذסһӣͣǷһת𣿡
תͷ½⡣ϾҪ½ˣҵżҡЩ
˵ţһؽǩϣЩѾһٱˡ˵½ںǩλһҪץס
ؿһۣʲô²ڽܽоִѧչԼáԡ
ѧһܵѧЩͿҪˣϽջߡ
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ĶС˵˵У½ȥͼˣϾͻ
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8 
ػ˶ʮ꣬飬ʲô˵ԸѾη壬Ȼʱ˿̣ɫ԰ףָһ㽫ñΡ
һأ㡢ôˣ
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Ƭ̣˽˽ҡԪϴЦȽ޳ӰſڣĽż鹴߽ңһɨ
̳ʶֽ̧飬СڣҰŰɡ
ڻͷһۣ
лл
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һ˶Գ̼˵ǷЧ
óͻȻһУȺȺ
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ԣޱ˭
ͻȻǰֳһף˲񡣾ƱԳԼǻͷˡ
ߵȺǰ΢ЦȺ㻹ǵ𣿡
Ⱥø㣬ʱһЦҼǵãгá
ҧŴͷΪξƻᣬⶩһ˿ȹ׹ĲϽĺĳĵø
ȺЦԴϴĸ׵һкþöû˰ɡ
дˡС˵̵̧ͷŴȴȺĿ𴦡
˳ŶԷ𴦿͵ۡ
ǲǡǲ
׵ֱֵۣ΢ЦһϮȹź촽׷Ǿƻ﷢ҹ飬ǧȣۣȴġ
ȺĽŲԾ߹ȥ
ںȾƣͻȻ˴˼硣
һͷǡɣ

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Ⱥ˵Ϊߣ¶΢ЦǺþöûмˣ˲٣øƯˡ˵ְ꣬յؼһ䣺ûǰƯ˼
ӯͷˣ
һ֪ôģȺһ˾ƣ衣Ⱥ϶¥һ޴ĻƿȺСĵָϣ϶ܿڳǸɳϵûУǾԡ
СĵۿֻܿסԷͷ̣ܶһɫƤ͸ۣôԶƺܸܵԷǿ˸飬Ͻջߡ
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˿ں΢̣塣üë.üβ˳üǳɵǣüǸѹס޳ӣֻܿһŰӰͥԳ촽һϮƺı˲˲
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ૡ˴Ҵǳ̳֪ΪʲôײӽǵţҲ֪Ϊʲôû˸ǰΪԱˣ˵˵ˣǰһڵ죡
ֳ棬ŵɪɪȴԱһײֻ˲ɳȥҵֻ
һһЦ
ֻŻ˴м䣬һ˫ɫƤЬĽ¡
̧һԴ塱һƺըˡ
Իӣ˿Ϸ˲мЦ˰Եġ
̧ţڱֻʱֻǱߴЦ
Ҫٲ˵ŲҾͰƤӷϣ
һ˲䣬Բˡ


11 
һ˲İ
Ǳһ㣬¶ǵ˼ȡ
˴Ҵ߶µؿԼֻԵĽ£ʱ˿̣޲ԭرը
ԵЬ⿰ֻϣֻҪһѹĻͻķѣ΢΢谵ĴĻϵġءŲܺӵĹ⡣
üֻȴԻ֡
һܾƣ˶סѹ
ָһֻֻĻʱûбڴͬʱͲﴫǿ͵
ôˣô˵˭۸ˣ
һθܵصᣬֱ졣ΡΡأװ
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ֻԵȵأԱߵıʱĴ̽ʣ
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ͳǻеİť˲˹
˶ʱһ㶣ˣҲԣôܻΪһֻΪһС
ڰֻ̱ڵءȺվ󣬸Ͻס߶µص
ˡ
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ҲίҲû뵽ͻȻײһ°ƫɲɵֻͷɵԵĽŵ¡
תͷɨһۣã϶ǳãղ󣡡
šüԼ˰
˵̳Ͱѳʵ˳һѣֻʱҵжŵ£òͷȷʵû㣬ҿ֤
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᳡⣬ѾС꣬˴첲ͻȻһ׳װ߹òضеܣϰ뵢Сһʱ䡣
װָȥԶһɫӳӰͣУգҹгĬľޡ
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޴ؿУпһװУϳԵԳϯ󳡺ϣȪŶܲҲøֱ棬Ҫˣò
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Ѿرգж˽ȥĳ嶯Ȼصġ˼ȴͬҹ޴ڵķ磬ĵ̳
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ޱһ㶣ġòǳ̳ɣ
лҪ˵˷ľˡ
ǰʮ۶С


12 
һ˲£شǽһƬˮ
ˮֻԶһ⳵Źһžϳ
ʦȥǶļҡ
ڷ絲ĳڣ¶ȴȳ˼ȡһϳëվ𣬲ɵôһ¸첲
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΢ţһӵ绰Ļ͸һһϢ
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ڼ𣿡

ڵֻͣԼҲͣһظںڵĻӿ˳ðѴһС졣
һĵʱһԷңɱңʲô¶ûУӾͷ죬Ҳ˵˻

췴仰򲻳һƨ䳱ʪĿ˽뷢ŭȴ˸
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غһҪԼйϵȥġ
˵ѧϰܺá
ǰѧϰãѧϰò𣿡
ѧ˻ױ
ƫͷŮ˵ıرܣʲôͲʲôܲõ𣿡
Իѹͣǣҵʲôܲõӡееĳ룬Щ£ֻ˵
˵أ½ƣ𣬵ȴ
֪ԵͣʲôܲõҲ֪Է仰ڻѡ
ëֱһֹֻסԷ͵شս
㵱ңʲôʸң
ɺˮʣһʶؾ֣ڱǽϣ޻㱵һɿ֡
ˮ۽ǣããҹɫսֱۣͫ׻Ŵ
֪˶ã۽а׹һ
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˵ţϵķ£תС
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ڵǰߣ߱·
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û˵Զʻߵĳ⳵ĬϡѪҺĻУͳṆ̀۵ȼ
翡Σһεϣ
ǡ


13 
ء顱һϳš
ޱֻûлع񣺡أ
ؿһ۴޾ҹɫ̧һ°ͣʦҺʶa󡣡
⳵ƿĻ£ֻϵƬ֮һֱ˵
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ޱ㵽һߣԽ˵ԽĻҡҪֻҶһ¡
ʵ˵ǲġ
ϵĳг̳ǡһ⳵ļǮ˵˾׷ȥͣ·ʱشӳһˡ
Ϊǳ̳ԴһȾȥȻ˵ΣȻȳ̳߳ܶ࣬źһ㣬ʱһ
̳ٵ͵Ҳᴩ۵·ĵ˶Ȼ֮ģѹҲѹסǺһĴеĿ֪̽طôѧУҹ͵͵˽˵ʲôˡ
Ȼҹ￴壬ǿ˺׵·֪˵Ӧòôޱ̲סرû뵽ԷҸϳ֮䵽ֵزȻϲ̨˻һ
ţȴҲ̲סֻһƬ
ⲻ͵ڰοԼǾ̫䣬¶Էϰˡ
ҹＱٵһֻ˾Ϳط߹һǳŵһǾֱ
Է򿪳šֻһǳɣߵʱĴԻûӦ
ʱһһعȥػǲ˵ϢУޱ񾭿ʼи͵͵صı飬Է۽΢أдž뵡
Ϊʲô˵ԶԷǰıƢ϶ʹΪʲôһֶ˵
ѵǡޱתһ飬ѵǶԷԼץסİѱҶԼʲô
ԽԽô£ޱһ΢ֱ˫ȣ
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ԷԼһ׵˱һ𣬿϶Ǿ÷Ųӡ仰˵Ǹ˵ݿ϶΢߼ù⣬ҪȻôٵԸ񲻿ôҴš
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΢΢أ
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ޱһϲôͶˡ͵ؿأأΪãҪҡ
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δ䣬ص棬ָһɣȻˣҲǲСġ
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Ǹ˶ܿϵĹ⣬ޱ̲ס̳˵ûһ񾭲
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ΪǼ򵥣һСӣţƻţƵȥû뵽ȴĲԣ
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˿ԼŲӵС졣
ԷµװٿԼŲĿӣصһ𸻡
΢΢һЦɿ֡
СŲӷ˳ȥʺֱֱԻĹ
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ع̾һ֪ô˵ҵ͸÷ֻ졣
ϵͳʣڼǺ˦£
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սϵͳѧʱԼŬߵ첢ҶϼšÿϣЩһ;ȫ綼Լġ
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ʵ˵ֱۣ˵һμʱֻ׺ݵĶҧûۡԿžеСԼ㱿һԲ۵СվǽͷЦ
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ʱԶ£ӹܼҷеzfһٷǢ̸²ϲҵչaص顣ǿֻ˽˾ۻᣬпܻ²ϲҵר½ڲμӴ˴ξۻᡣǷʱ䡣
˾·ͰͻȻһһ㶣Ȼ
Ͷɡ
ҧ˵СڣȴԼëҲ˱ϡ
ƹ£˿ġ˲Լӳ˹


14 
žİڣֻӨӨؽӲӣ
ԡ棬ᷢʲô
һ£½ºԼ棬ΨҶԸ񣬸òɡĻ˶ڲͬ򣬾ˮˮļʼڡ
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ϵͳΪԤաϾ֪ǰѣôͻʧܡ
ʧܾʧܡؿʼˣҲˣ㻹ܰɱɣ
ϵͳĬһ£Ųڻе΢ѵ֪ʧгͷ𣿡
͵ۡ
ϼͿǹԿʧܵвͬĳͷʩѾ˳ͷʽ
ۣǰͻȻĳһ͸Ļһ֡
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һô꣬ϵͳռϷĿ-СصǺú룬ôܱסԼǮɡ
غݺݵشһ´壺ݣ
ޱôһţص죬ÿһ۶ĮһξԼ嵴ڳ⳵ĳ
ĥ죬һ˵㾫񣬻û´̲ס̳绰
绰ԼصԭˣίؿԼزɷԷвľ
̳ĬһᣬʣĿһ˱һ𣿡
ޱѧУʱҿһһǾ͸ȥû뵽ͻȻͣһӿڡȻȻҾͿӿڣһ𡭡
̳һȷûп
ޱһ㶣Գ̳ĿеίҧŴҲϣҿˣȷʵͱ˱һ𡣿Ѿ߹㣬ʱҶˣǱظɾˡس²Σոȴӳ⳵֪ҪԲû뵽̳Ҳҡ
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̳绰ص񾭲ΪȡĹġû뵽صĻսԷͻȻҶ˵绰
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ǶԸԵϵͳʶ˵һ仰


15 

ڣȻ˲ͷϵȺ
˶ʮ꣬ӴĴﲻʲôû  ǵһôŹ
ߣȫǰ;ĽڣҲ֯ƸԺʿ˵²ϿƼԽиҵŲɹӰ졣
ұߣŵҵλߵľͷһҵᶶģʹѾԾص˭Ҳ֪жٲҵ
һ½£һԡ
ƽʱֻܵҼĻϲܿȴһĵ͵ľ¥ڣʵеܳţء
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²ϲҵݱgjֲĸؾĸ½Ϊ²ʵˣ²ʵž޴ĻȨΪӲҵͷں²ϴﵽתҵ˺ҿµĲҵǸʡۺһֱŬĿꡣ
aУڵbУ½µϼcУڶĿ
ҲǴɣڸһ˲µĴУaгgjֲĶ磬ҲץᣬzfһҪٳ
ۻ˽ܣ½Һ΢ѪԵϵĽгͷûгĵǰʮ顣
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ǷҰһˣһߣ½µϵͳҲһ⡣
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ΰѲǾһˣʼܣ
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תͷ
ܵ;Ҳо˵Ϸչҵðgjڴ֣ıԶǡ
ΰͷҡɸ˹ģԼ粻֮ڰѳ̻ˣǧƨ½ºԾٸ߰ˣҲòͷһӣڲαĿ׺ͽĮˡ
һЦλô㣬ôССľۻᣬʵܳ˰ݷλû뵽ĻᱻӴ񡭡
δ䣬ֻһ졣
ο˿ԭԼҵѾͷҶˣû뵽⺢Դһֱͣθرֻ½¾͵ҲҪ£βؼһʱ
һӴ˾ǲùܣŮ˲ġԴкš
ʱֻʣˡ
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ͳĳֺ֮ѹ֣ǿ϶ĻȴǴ΢ĳ
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ụ̂˸ǽÿ֨죺ҲɡⱲӾͰǮҪҵǮһҲû˼ˡײǽϣʬ׸Ժֻ½¡ĴټѧϵͳһҵĴڡ˵ʱ᲻˺顭
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Сɫߺ죬ȴʲôģʽʾʾ
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ŽĺǺһڻȣ㲻Ҫ֪
ֻͻȻ뵱һƼҶѡ
硭Ͷһѧ


16 
һ磬صƤһֱ
۾ĻŵҲ
һܣ˯ãƺûʲôԾĵطɵ³һ
⼸춼̫ˣʼˡһЦѼѽѣȥϴּϴ
ˮ°͹䣬Ĩһ³ʪľ棬ŮԹˮͷֲʹˣϵһҹˮˡ
˱ԹյҲ󣬻Ǻĵߡ
ԼüĿž޲ЩԹµ˸һ硣
νһЦᣬͻȻһУ

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۾̽ͷһϵĳʲô˭˰ųѵĸǣ
ǡһźڳѧУѧУе쵼мڵϿzfԱڣ
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ҿ˭ôųȻѧУУٴγһ߶˵ѧֻأ
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ôΧһźɡҿ
Դ⣬޲ðԼӳɸ¹۾ҲֻܿǹµĴдһװɡס˰ߵ壬ֻ¶һ˫ȡ
˷ܣ̲סͷش¹·ϽȥԷ
ͷȱˣ㿴˵˭
δ䣬ۼؿعһڶԷķ£ʶ̽ͷȥءžһţʣͷǼ»ͦÿ򡭡
תֱӴĻ㿴ʲôˣ
Ŷ£Ͻߣ㿴ԪϵӶܵջˣ֪˭ôġ
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˴ųȫɫĶ飬ͻȻ˲õԤУҪתʲôɿġ
ҲʱǰͻȻŲһ٣ͻȻɡ֡
·𶼰˼롣
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Բۣԣ̲סʧС
Ժڳ۾͵̧Ǳعıݺݵһ˲ֽͣŷؿǽϣϵͷԷߡ
ȻʹÿʹһǽҲܸܵǹɱ˵Ŀֱֱعϡ
ԡ˵ôѧУˣֲƤһֱ
ûڿԵ˷С
ҵѽҲû뵽ѧУסֲôųԲҪܲõĻųҲ̫͵ˣѧУôû˶Ūȥжӻӭ
͵ðһѸ̾Ҫ˶˰ܲü˸ô죬ֵõǿ̲סһƬҿֱ̫˧ˣȵϻҪ˧
յֻǰȥ̫Ǯˣһֱò
˰죬شһͷڴϷϽͷôˣôһĲɡ˰ǿҵడ㲻𣿡
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ܵסͷɫһͷôˣ
صҶۡ
Դʲôǣô˰
ضֳһЦ
ݣǰԲˬܼɡ
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һͰΪɧŵĵ绰ȻģҶԷ˵ԽԵУӲѧУ豸
ԪˣһӦǲţȻԷ˾̣
һͰѸУĿ⣬ҲԼ̫嶯ôƾһ绰ȷԻأ
ϸһʲôˣǶֻԼϿҵడŴѵĻҵμӣʲô
дģǷׯصʼָⲻĴ
ͷ֪ǽŻȣͷ˺УҲԽԽ˦뿪
ΪҲԼ쿪ʱ򣬴ſڴĿĳ
һɫӳ˹سУſڣƬ̣һ˹ش򿪳šĺӰ³΢΢һ̧ʱ䣬Ԫ֪ԼĴˡ
𾪵ĿУСŹȥԽܣaԣ
̧ۣǰΧһȦУͷУǵ͵ˣϣҪ󶯸ɸꡣ
ԪһһŵļӳγĨĨͷǣ͵͵
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Ԫ³һǼƽʱԸУһЦֱͦں棺
ܣڰæ֮УʵǵңҲѧǵˡʲôҪ󣬾ᡣ
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΢΢̧ۣ˾Ǳסβ͵ĺ꣬˲˻ȥ
ڵڱϣ˼һת̧ۣУҪ轨һУ
Ԫɵˡ
ڳ˶ˡ
Ȼ֪ҵѧУΪ˽ޣֻǾͼݻ߽ѧ¥ûһôֱʣ轨һУİ
aʲôģ轨һУ൱ھ轨һСѧУˣ
Ƿ𣿻˵治ȦУһ־ͳģ
ȷʵЩţԱߵҲԼϰЩԣϽҲ
У˲ǹصĿҲиУĿꡣΪȻΣҲ֧һУĳʡͷİɡֻġ
ֻûôԴһУԪع񣬾ЩţĿǰΪֹѧ¥ѧݵøոպãУֻԴ˷ѡܵˡ
Ԫǿ棬ûôŵҰġһУԴᵼʦԹصںİ컵£տɲð
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ˣϰô꣬Ȼ֪ϰ廨ǮӲ֣;ĹģһƻڴףǮֻ֡ôִšܸоϰǮЩżأ
͸˽˻ӲǮң»ȥƵġ
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̳Ի̧ۣ۵׺ڳǰ죬ҵľƻ᣿
Ȼǵã̳û΢ΪԶԼӡ̣ͷǣҾǸƻᣡһûܺϻʵźû뵽ѧУʵڡʵ֮
Կһۡ
ƺһڵİӣ̽طӿ
û˵
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˵΢٣⼸벢ûע⵽ͣ٣˽ԼһΡٹ˽ɬ
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ȽĻߣѧΪҾƶԼŬ˲ٵĽѧ˶ѧУ
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ԵתһȦȻ΢΢ƫԶİɫӰϣһڡ
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̳ѵöֳһ΢ЦҪѧͬιѧУУȥأ
˲̧ͷԶǵӰĬһ仰û˵Է飬ȴ˲

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룬ץˡ
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17 
յģȴе
ڶ棬شͷȻȴоð
Ծǰļ޳ĴȣԼ¶󴦾µֱһչʾĵλԼ߹
ֻҪ΢΢ӿһܲȵЬֻҪֱۻȴһ㣬ײϡ
ǰһϣǰһըġըֱҪˡ
벻ͨΪʲôҪѵԼһҧһڣҪ
ֻҪ
˼Ʈһ룬˼عǼ˶ͷ
Ź⣬ûб˿ڵĶۣһ˫Żް
̳ŲͷǿһЦأʲôϡ
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Ա˱ۣüԼ
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̳ôû뵽ӽܵķϽ߹ȥأɡ
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̳һȭͷٽܣѧУһٶˣȫ֪ѧڡ211Լ985̵֧¡ϲ˵ԶĲлһ壬յģ롣
վԵߣұ΢΢ٸߣ.Ƥ޵ز΢ӲװϣɡԼߴӰȥ˴󲿷ֵ⣬ټԴĻڵվ̫ºöˡ
ҪΪ߲ʱĽţԼҪ֮ľ롣
ɡͰߣǿԽܵġ
ôţͻȻоһ˿Ծʶ̧ۣ͵һ
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˲䣬ǸվںӱԶ꣬عͷȵñǼⶼ˺ȴᶨ
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˵ָճĳʪԷĵֱײƤϣ졣
ʶһսɡջߡӣǱڻ㱸һ˲Ĵ
Ԫ̳ϽأҪǲĻɡôԴɡأ
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ָֻȥɡ΢΢һԴһۡ
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û뵽ԻôصĻѵΪŮ
ôܣôһŮǲôܻῴأ
ôţ̧̳ۿأ촩ŵİȹӣʩ죬ȵշ죬Ǽϸ˫ûκеվƺ硣
Դޱͺô۲ʱ˿̣òϡغǰһֱԵ
ðɣȷʵпܻһʱɫ󣬶֮֮
̳²ɬһ水಻סĵĹĶһּɫԻԣԼʧȥֵĻᣬοԼԷֻǸԴտյ죬ʹԿΣֻˡ
ţɫǿÿЩܾôˣǰԵ
ܣʵݻǺܲģõĸ豸
ǰϲһ¶䡣
ԼʹѾɣԲˡǰԪһߵ
УҾ̫ˣ岻ȥϢ
Ԫڵؾһ󹦳ϽСУȻȥ
һתߡ
ϣֵһ£ǰ䰵һ˲䣬ֱͻȻһֻġ顱һ˲䱻קһڰ֮ء
Ǳǽ棬ľ͵һʶµһأƺߵһ˵ȣԼĵӡҪеʱһ˫΢ͻȻϣƵĺھߡ
ǱͣͻȻԣ
Է΢΢̧壬ʹֲָҲܿ΢ĳء
һۣŪʲôУ㣿
ڰ￴飬ֻڶߵõģ
Ȼ⴫Ԫʧ򶨵ؽ͡
Źеĵͳ΢ߵ˵㱼ػΪһ׽ԲصϷ԰ץ߲Ȼߵǵ£š
ƲסЦխĿռ˴˾=ĺټϱռϵ壬ȴںЦ֮࣬ƲסĶԼ
ֻ̧ۣܿоĶ䣺ǿŮѧҾͺˡ
촽ȴƺɨʲôȣͣգ͵̧ͷ
ߵĺһ˲Եҵ
ɿƺķЩ΢΢ѹ壬ϷOO@@ںڰԣ
ûǿ
ظоһЩһðؾôҳȥ𣿡
Ҹҡ̧ͷ۾þˣֻ㲻ҡ
һҭ˵ˡ
Եֻ˵仰
ͣһ£ʣǸ̳ʲôϵ
ص㲻ܵܲԼȥ顣
˵Ҫ׿ڸҡ
صʲôϵûС
˲ţһŰʣмԼʡҲǶ㰮֪Ķ֣ǰѡ
˵֣ͻȻ
رǰѡһ˵ǡ
أûж˵ʵ΢΢̧𣺡ңҲߡ
Ų֪ʲôͻȻˤ˵ڵϣһ򣬷С
ԪͻȻʣʲô
Ųһ˲סԵĺûʲô仯ֻǰ˻ϤϢ˶Է
ˡˡˣһһԼһġ䣬΢΢ƫƫգˣƺһ¡
ڽŲҪӽſʱУɣˡˣܷʱ䣬ٸҽaʷɡ
áá
ԪĽŲԶȥһƿϵĻң
ںôһܲãʲô׽Բء
Եֻץס㡣
һҭչȥָһ̧ܴĲָ΢΢͹ƽϴҧµ˰̡
Ҳ㻹һ²
µһƽȣʲô
ҲҸңҵΪ˸ϣΪ˱ϴҧĳ𣿡
Եĺ͵һ٣ʹںڰҲܸо
Σû˵
ؾ֪˵ÿΪѵ»߻شͻᵱư͡
ڵһʱ;ô
һΣɽϱΪġҧ֮ϵࡣһܣӦܡ
ֻͣѾ̩ϣÿȦֻһ
µĶƽÿϾʱ⣬ǿӱߵĴС㣬ָϸС㣬ũĴһ𣬾ܳϺþõ㽴
ûˮ㽴ֻܳԳһζǸʱǺϺõĲˡ
طŶʱԶԶؾͿźվںӱ㣬Ƿ壬ȻȥÿζܿһվںӱߣԶ
ĺΪ⣬ЩСȫǲȫΪץЦǰ׳ա
µӲùҲùϵͳðůԱ飬ؾԼҲܲңûһů
죬ֲֵһ˴ߵĺرͷۣͼ˱Թ
ҹ˯ʣŵһɳζȻһ㡣ڶһ磬Եһĵһ⣬ҸӯʸĸôǮ⣬ϵһۣԱ˵
ĵضһ뷹ȻЩû¡ֱŴСؼңںûпֻʱ׹µûڵء
صңһ£ұʾһڶԣĸҲ˳
ϵˤϣһƾȹָС˷ʳСöܳƾʲôܳԡ
ĸױ޵Ĳ£Ҳƶļҡ
ǵʱһ㶼ûжֱֻԼΪʲôҪֿࡣ
ƨɣſڿһûޡֻɷףû취Ǯԣûſڡ
ֱԹûڵʱĵسǰİԹɴƹˤ
һȥϽ߰ɣҪƵط
Կ˵
üôֲ˵ˣư𣿡
תߡ
ֱҹĴ죬ؼѵСĵش򿪴ʪվڴ⣬һ߰㽴ָ㡭
ؿϵӲݣϱˮݸ˵Ѫۣʱʲô
ȻҲȥˡ
ȥԣû뵽Сչ㡣ϵͳɸ֡
ϵͳ˵ãһ˵صĺһᣬ˺ü춼ʱˡ
룬ڹԣֺγǱԡ
ƶĿ࣬ҲӵԽ̻澳档
ǸϡҹǰȾֲָĺڣػɬǸӣ̲סס
̶̵ķǰһˣҪֵ̧ʱ
Ұɡ
˵꣬˳ȥ
Զ̳󣬻ϲסͷǹſƵ΢Ц
תߣȴ̳һۿأȥĶ
ûԪ˵岻ԷģҲܻ߰ɣ಻񡭡
³һָͰйϾͺˡ
첽߹ȥʱͻȻ޵һһͷѾ߹ȥ
̳ҿ˿Ǳ𣿡
ԶԴɡ˹һڣȡ
̳šȪˮݹȥܣĿȪˮĺȡ
һ̧֣ȴǽˮǽӹɡ̳ʶ֣ˮ͵ԵЬϡ
žһȪˮ䣬ˮһء
ڳ˶ʱһԪɫһ䣬̳ɫҲһףʶԲ𡢶Բܣҵ
ֻһ룬ͻȻԼҲǳϼŵĹӣбҪô΢
ôţˣ̧̽ۡ
ִɡڳĿûκϣ̳ɫһףһϸɾ
ˡ˺һԼƤЬУa֮Һ⡣ٻᡣ
ԪĻӦתߣ֮Ա
̾ԪһһۣҲˡ
Ȼʲôû˵˵Ĳ˵ĶƺѾ˵ˡ
̳ɫǺΡȻڵĻᣬԼ衣
Ԫ̳̾ʲôʱ㻹ͬѧϸˡεıĲôá
̳ҧǿһЦУҲã´Ŭ
ջߣԶ˳ȥ硣
̲סһǡ
û취
лҪ˵Ǻܶɡ


18 
صؾˡ
ϵͳôͻȻˣ
һߣҶЪЪУ
ϵͳôʱ䣬ﲻƢʱ΢òԸϰɣ
ǵûСڴϣӿĸӡΪ˸ǣŲˡǰǡءʱĸţ飬ĸŮǴš½ĴȻȰԸ׵Ϊ֮֮Ҳӹ̡ܽ
׻ȴǿһ顣Ȼ԰ӢΪܲݣ֪ԼҲֶԸϻڰǰĻŷȥسǰʱµġڳֻ̳ǱԡȥĲʡ
ػһӿԼȻѾ˷ϣֻԺ½¡
뵽ŴηֵǶʱ䣬³һʱ򡣡
һֻͺõĹңҵ𲽣̸ʲô̫硣
ϵͳѣԵԸ׷
ˮڡ
ʱbug֪ʲôʱͻ޸ֻҪҵµǰԵҲν
̸ҵȵ˵·û꣬Ҳ͵ˡ
һΣѡۡ۵ļ۸ڲϣϺõ˿ӡȻҲ˵ȥûѡ˿ѡ顣
˵˿񣬴͵ȸʵƤ˳Ҳѹס
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ѾһܺؽСİã
಻ס棬ȴһȻʧƬ̣૵ͷ·ȸٸһ¡
رЦˣΪһ·ôף·ʵͨȥ㳡֪Щ˲ǰƸС
ŵˣֻͳۡƹۣȱɴϱ任Ŵ塢ôô
ҪʱҲո߳Ҳƴ壬ϾƸ󲿷ǹܹ޻ơ
ۣ˼صͷͻȻüͷһ壺ôǵǰȥ㳡㲻װƵĳ𣿡
ǸϱõĴȣʱʦ衱ߵģأĿȾҲѧ˲١
һ£ڵϿġ
Ҳֻһʣûзϡ
ȻԼģǵһ֡ϲ㡱ǹؿ϶òۡû뵽ڶ죬ֱӴ绰˷ܵص
ͷ촩ȥƣĽǰݺݵ؇Nɪһأںö̫̫ﶩģûʱ䣬ٽ
һһ⴩߲ãССĳС
ĵһЦʣͷ֣û˵ԺңҸôش𣿡
͸ǡתͷſǸ۵Сң桰LUĸԣҽСġ
ġluأһ죬ҪԼֽе
Դؽ¼֮ӺùࡣԼķװһ飬˲ٷ¹ߡֻڹȫȱˡ
ªĹֻܳ䵱ģػߴֵĽɫʱֻȫȫ뷨ϣʱҪǮʦơͱ˶ƵǼۣϸŵİĵһʱҲտֻա
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죬մѧУͿһͣſڣϤĳѹһñܣתߡ
أ
ʱ䣬˶üתͷųڵˣ
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Ӣعͨ绰ֱڣԼסϱڽŵףܲˡ
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ⱲҲˣһǰδ򣬻ĸǰѣһǰף˭ʣ
㣡ӢɫǺ죬뵽֮ǰｨ裬ǿѹŭ𣺡˵µġ
Ҳ֪ôҵˣ³һ򿪳ʻأȻԸ׵ԾӣҾǿ˵һ仰
üͷӢԼŮƢԽԽӲˣϸ۲죬²ϸ䵭ǰ׼ҵѪȴһүүļӸС
ʶԼˣҡҡͷһô
صͷáԲ˳㷢չһҵ
֪ǸɿΪʱеɬӢ˵ͷǾͺá
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ͷԭǲ黧ˣҲֻ֪ĽǵϸŮ顣һЦˡҳ˰׼֮һĸ
ġü˵˵ʲô
Ҳش𰡡
һҭԼֿʼ͸Ůˡ˽⣬ô𱬵ƢʱһԼôͻŮԹģԹʹתأȻôƽԼЦǾ˵Ĳںˡ
ôܣһǰǿԼôô̵ʱͱ̬ȣѵǿ̱˼װƽ
뵽˵Цһ˸ңںһһ𣬰ҹ˽ԳУһ§§ǰôģ
ˡ˳̳ûˡ
ĥһָ⣬Ц糣ڿɲǰ׼ҵСˣҪҾͲˡʵǶࡣ
Ӣ͵һüԷĻָԳûӣֻʱࣺ
ȷʵǰ׼ҵĹҲŰ׼ҵ档Ҳñ֪ǰİ׼ǧ䵽һ˾һ˻һ𣡡
תͷŰӢ۾ڵΪ׼ҵ滹Ϊ׼С̸
ӢһĻ˰죬һȰ΢ЦȻǰ׼ҵŮأұϾĸףҲ뿴䡣
Ѿհˡصһǻô˵طҲûҵĽѡ
򿪳ţһѪҪǾÿį䣬ɲŮůҸŮ̥ҪĲǸ𣿡
Ӣһҭؿ뿪ԷıӰݸ㱼ǸײײԼغϣһᣬӢٸһʹ
סأ̵ٳȥɣ
䣬һûڡ֪ñӵġ֤ôؽ磬ǻˣ
Ҫջ仰ʱͷҲصػӻ֣
ģ׼ҵĴҲһ͵ģ
ӢĴһ·̣ͻأһ̾תص˰׼ҵı
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ǰʱؼңСްȲģʱֻһš
뵽ǰƽܰӣͲɵó̾һҪȻͰؽӻɡС
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ҳһᣬ̯ڹ̨ϣԱߵëϣָ
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ֱҹĵƹѰó涼˯˾ͣ
ëһӣ˸
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ӢȻػֻ÷ܴӦ
ߵ¥ӹĸͬĹܼΣܼȻҲʮ廹׳һÿź̫̫Թԡ
裬ٳô죿
½ĴۣŴƮҶһ̾һдӼʹ˾ˡ
áӢӦţһ߰̽ʿ磬Ӳ׼ڵĸøɡ
̧̫̫ôˣ𣿡
ͦõġӢЩؿһࡣֻѧҵæû
Ҳ֪Żǲţ½Ĵȵ˵ͷˣҹٳðһˡ
ˣôĸ׻ǵһٳˣӢȤҪ˭
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ӢȻ򣺡ԭﰡ˼һԺʿÿæоǰ˸ӴţҪҲ
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ӢΪĸ׵ԶǸеĸײһӾΪ˰׼ңɵһ̾ãȥ롣ֻĻǲǸýܣ
ܸƨ½ĴþȫԼһƣұܣýˣ
лҪ˵Լ⼸v


19 
׼̫̫ٳһ죬Ǹѵõĺ
aһǰյ࣬첻գˬ΢硣
վڰ׼Ҵǰһȥдеֲ;µ̨ͤԽľƵĻ԰С·ܹʮӶæµͻִӰ֮ԼɼڵϲֵܳĴƱյǳЦмŵԼѬ˵ľ
Ǯ˹ޱ΢սȭͷ
ޱޱȥɡ̳
ޱһȹڣ̳磬е㡢еš
ʲôɽŵġ̳һЦǳ̼ҺͰ׼λҵŮ飬Ҳǰײģǰ׼ҵĿˣȱ˲١
ԣǰײ׿ģʲô뵽ĸ׶Ļ˲һЩǰ׼ҵĿˣɲʲô׼Ҹϳȥ׼ҴŶܱܽȵϵġ
뵽΢Цͳ̳̤˰׼ұ
׼ҷΪԺԺԺٵĸʿԺﻷž̫̫ϣ۾Ҫǲǵؿ԰ľջ
Ҿ˵լҼϼһһ¾ͺãҪŪ
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ӢҲǾøˡϹܼߣȾƵĲݿż⣺ĺҲͼ֡ѵͲЩСǶ˵黰Щͷ̫̫һİ
½ĴȲɵһЦ˵
衣
½ĴȻͷӢ
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Ӣֱ߹ȥ½Ĵߣ裬˲඼ˣҴȥǰԺ
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ܸʲôһȻһЦȻæ׼磬ôһһȥģ
½Ĵ̧ۿĿⲢûΪ˥϶ûǣðӢһڨڨһЦ˵ˡ
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תͷĿΪޣ׼ҽϣҲ׼ңҲϣ׼ϡ
ֻǳȥһ˵ôءӢ˿ԱߵĶŹܼңЩҲסҳû׳׼ңⲻǺúõûЩǫˣĸaвһģǰ׼һû˵ô
½Ĵȿһۣö˵棬˰֡
̫̫˴Ӣģ
ͲһֱġԸôô棬ܴǰ
Ӣ뵽뵽׼ҵޱһЦޱû̫̫Ǻͳ̼һģӦòʲô⡣
ǣһǵá
˶ȥͷ۵úܣһض¥
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ڶžɷƬ׼ҵ˶ǽüĿ˫η
ƬİֱӾͷֻһƬȴֱĵ½Ĵɫ΢䣬žذƬϡ
ޱڳ̳󣬳̳ܸЩͬүС㣬ûıޱͷǿ̳ȹӣõ˰Ӣ⽻ĵĹ֭ʱ˵ЩʵĺӵǰԽ̧ͷ
ЩżľҷԼʲô
̸̳ȥͼ̺ѣԼһ˳̨ߣǸ߶˵Ĵʯǹ⻬ʵľ֣Ŀ˸ؿһС
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ƤãӸ̽ͷأҪŰ
صͷǣֲãұһ˳һЩƷ
Ӧһ
ӿţúÿҡ

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ʱ˶ɵˣ½½ƾļ仰鱾ϵȼ־ܲ³˽ص㻨ǮԼϰƲסĸƵꡣ
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Լǽ˺ѣǽ֩붴Ҳȥˡ
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Σû˵ɵ̧ͷȴ½ĿתؿԼ
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صָⲻɵһȻǵã˽һǣ˳ͷһǡ
ƹƺ۵׻ζ˶ӡƺصǸճȵ죬½±ǹ΢Цȴ֪뵽ʲôЦû㱣Ҳ
ȥطĿϲŭԼ̽ʣµ˭ҲӲ˵ĳĵ׵˼
ֳϣһžصһ΢΢סصȻ۵ʵʵĲϣһĲűģ֮-
صĺһ㱻صǸСܵǰҲôϤϢչԽۡ
ž΢Сԭ۾ı
һһ˲䣬͵ػعƿشһ
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Ҳߵʱ䣬˺ܶࡣͻȻʹûʳʲôصܲµһЩ
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ϵʧƫͷ㲻˵Ҫɳġ
ȥһŶԷ֪Ĳס
½̤ӵ磬֪ʶĺѧΪ˴
ϵͳ̸Ĺ񣬲һһ
˵ɣ½ȴ΢΢һüͷĿġȴûж
ĿȸղŵĿҪ˻ڣ
֪ҵƢҪǲ˵Ļǲ˵ġЩԼɣʹҲҪҡ
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ʱĺ蹵ڷĿʹ
ֻǣ֡
ϳ֮һԲҲպõ½լɵͷ֣ʲôʱȻһŮ˸ҽڵլӣ
ػصԢԼˤ̣ͻȻеЩѣһ;ͳһƷ͵˵ʲôʱȥİ
ϵͳ治½µģʹɡ
ô죿ʶػء
Բۣ
صֲǵһʶҡ
ϵͳǣǱϵͳ̫档
üģʵҶ治ֻҪûзǶҵǰѾͺá
˵ծ಻νһ
ӣǹ죬Ҳŷżٵʱȥݶһ㡭
ڵȴڵʱ䣬Ȱһ˵ĶˣһǮ
ҵĹģ̫СԺСԢǲеģѾ½·ҲҲᱻ˷֣Ҫıס
ͷɾʳסϣؾԼΧڻڱ˿ЩǮ·ɲô
ޱϴγ̳Ϊ£⼸ٲ˶ıԹֱúѧϰҲһư࣬úԼҪΪЩµѧҵ
ӢһŰӢţ̲סӢ磬ЩҲ֪òý
ʲôġӢ³˴󣬻ĸùѪͷ⼸ûĵİο˵ɡ
˵ɲǸ״ʵޱޱ̫ˣû˵ĸҵġ
˵꣬С˵˼仰Ӣüͷ̾أܰҲΧˣûʲôǮ˺ӴοǰһΪͲĵһ³ܡ
ɫ΢䣬ŰӢĿͻȻ뵽ʲô̽صѣҲأ
ʲôݡ˰׼ңһȥġ
ӢҲƺ뵽ʲôüͷһ塣
ȥݵǰһ죬Ӣ
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Ӣһ̣һӵؿأأϴ̵Ļյˣֻǡ
صͷֻǱ½͵ˡ
ô͵أӢǳ⣺ǾͲŴߵġ⺢Ӳ֪ôԺ󿴼½ڲô˵
عЦͷõġ
ԶˣӢһ㻨Ǯ𣿡
صԴǡҾˡ
ۿҪ³ӢϽס̾һ˵㿴ɡ
زԵؽӹԭ֧˵տ˺أһ֣ޡ

ǼҵǸ˾Ӣһ̡
þеġǡңʣҿʲô
ӢɫӣεĸǰµһǮ˾ÿ¸ԷǧѾʮˡ
һ˼ؿ˵
ÿǧʮꣿ
ޡ˭
ӢҲ֪˭ֻÿ¸Ǯ
֮⣬ЩڻĸڸļǮĸҲڰҵĻԶԶĴҪһˣǮܸʲô
ӢϽ֪֪³Ȧ̾һҲ⣬û
Ӣûа磬ֻİֳ̫ݣÿŮʱͲһŮˡͳİ¹⣬㣬뵽ؾȻŮ
أأҲĸʲôϵһ£ΨһŮ㴦ðɡ
˵ţݸһַ
ؿĵַĿ΢ݣǲȥˡ
ڶһ磬ݵķɻ
ͬʱһ˺룬һһصͬ⣬Ȼػ˯
ݣѾ硣
ûżȥǸӢǸַ¿ʲôɵˣֻܲסʲôܡ
ϢһڶһȥƷ֡ƷaеĲһžܿĵĳ̶ȲͬһӣڴȥǸط
ֽϵĵַһӣۿų⳵ԽԽƫصüͷԽԽ
ϵͳ޷ṩʵʰСġ
صͷ
⳵ͣ£³һȥǸ˼Сɽ壬ֻ֪һմޣҾסڴͷ
ز·ŤŤ߹ȥһǰ
һ䲻߷Աֻһھӣƺ˻յڣ޼Ҷһ㡣
һһ·š
𣿡
Σ֨ѽһſˡ˭
ؽŵرۣ͵ۣŮģ
Ůģ黨裬ɫȡ
һɣʣʡմ𣿡
ҲմޡСҡͷǸմޡ
أ
ͷһ۾ͺǰ·̫̫ۡ
̫̫һؿͻȻۿС磿
أ
ԭմ޵ģĸһֱǮ˾ѡ
ʮ½ĴȻҪϣϸݵ廹йʾ˥ܣع⻬ֱݵģԷŴŵص棬ȴһֲʵС
ѣΪʲôĸû˵
СΪĸǹŮһ˼ѳ˰ӢŵõҸͻȻһѣ
ĸ׵飿
ݺ᣺㣬ҾǿС硭
ʣѣĸ׵Ϊʲô뿪ңΪʲôû
ϸϸؿȻͷǶǶǰˡ
ԭһģСƷѧţǴ˵ϣϣҫ棬ϣǿɽ硣
粻ɹؿ˴ѧû뵽ǣֻ˴ʹŶӻؼңҪѧ
Ѳ㱻ŲҪûϢĹŮҧãԺͶϾϵ
ԺҲûлҲϵÿ»Ǯ⣬Ϣ
˵̧꣬ͷؿЦѶȴ֪̫̫Ĵ鶯ұΪⱲӶٿˣû뵽үˡ
ѿ޵ҲЩᡣĸӣ̾һ
ϣڱ̫ɹı£˯Ŵֻ
˵ԴӼ֮һֱû˵ȦĵҪ
һˢ£ͻȻԷһֻëС½·һֻͷ
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ѰԹĿȻһתĸڲϣĿЩޣȴץס֣һһٵ˵
أҪڰ׼Һúõػţúõػš
ĸ׵Ǳˮһ۽ǵڲ԰׵׻һۣһᣬ͵ۡ
ǰİķƵķǶ嵭ñ𴲣ļѼסؽУʱ龰·ص˵һӣɵһЦ
أԷˡ
ˡӦһصڣ·ѵķͻȻ۽һϵһƷ
żָ⻮ϸܵţȻգѡЩǲид޾
ô֪Ѷݣϲ廨Ǿ͸㡣Ķɺÿ
һʱǾġ
Ѵ޾Ĵʦ񲻺ýˡһͽܣǸ黨Ů㡣
ع죬ɹ˵aаæܼ棬Ǯжˡ
ҲᵽҪѽӵa̫̫һӣô뿪ΣֻôӦֻҪһżپͻȥ
ѼҴ죬Ӧʰ÷ͽӦ´ηżһȥƤƷزض顣
ΪףԼҵˣ˺ǺȾƣһС̯ϼһơơ
صɫͨ죬صϡ
ദʱ򲻾ʲô뿪ʱ־رǴʱӶ¿ܰʱ⣬ͷ
֪ҡˣˣˣǼٵģ
ػˣ֪ˡ֪ˣͷ˵һٱˡ
Ĩһ᣺ѣǼٵģȰӢף
һϲϲ
ͬϲͬϲغݹһڡ
ٺȵɡϵͳȰ
졣óֻôֵף飬ҵȫµ˶֪
˵ţҪ΢ϵͳϽҪסû뵽΢ź̨һϢ
أˡ
˵Լ۴֣С
Ƭ̣һϢ
أұΪûҪִšһ¥㡣Ҳɢ
ѽôĵطͷػأ˺֪ˣһȥģ
ͣͷһ˯ˡ
Ŷûüֹϵͳֻؿ緢


21 
һ, ʱͷʹѡ
ǰϤңĽŻԼϣƿԷ, ˯ú˵ļ, ܵ˿
ٺ١
һͻأеЦͻȻߡ
ϵͳ͵ش˸飺һ㷢ʲô񾭡
ϵͳ˵, һֻʮֻаСʱʱ, Ͽˡûϵͳҡҡλε´, Ѽ˯һˣûѧУĻѧУϰϰࡣ
ü˸ʲôϲֱء
Ժ, һʱʱһ, æҵش·
ٵ˳ٵˣʦ˺Ǽɡ
ҴˣҲúôľƵģ
Ⱦ¡Ⱦ°
ȶˣڱԹʲôá෢ʹͷƤȥԡҡѧǿ϶ϲϵ, ֻϣʦٿһ֡
ǿ, ֪ȻżҲûãĿϺá
³һˮ, żＷͰ, ԼʣµСʲôʱûһ¹Ԣˡ

ϵͳʲô̼Ƕ·ˣط˸ۣճԡҡ

žذë˦ϣʲôֱ˵, в𣿡
ϵͳصص㿴ֻ𣿡
ҿˣ֪ҳٵˡ
㿴΢𣿡ϵͳٴص
ʲôôŹŹֵֹ, ɵش΢, ôһ

, ҪȥͿſڣͷ
صǰ˻Σ㿴ʲôˣɵˣ
ǿɵˣǱɵˡ
ϢδϢ
ԣʮ㣬ҵ㡣
½£ãҵ㣬ʮ㲻ɢ
䡱һԴǱʲôըʧٵļӿԺơƵĿɬǰȥֻԺ֮Уͷػһ˵Ϣѵػؿԭصˡ
һԡȥӦˡ
ڶ½¡ȥ¥ҲӦˡ
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ΪʲôҪôľơ
Ⱦ£Ⱦ°
ʹļס
̽ͷͷ֪ϻ𰡡ҸղſôһΪ㲻ںء
ǲ֪ʹ࣬ںųһŵ·ضǿô찡ûضʦ˺ǰɣ
͵ϵͳ˵ҲôҲȥͿ𣿡
Ը񣬿ܻ˺㡣
ذסͷôң
ûüĴѾƾԣǵϵͳ޷㡣
ص۽һ顣
ģϵͳίԱѾֹϵͳˣǴӲͷ
ڸĳɡġˣǮ
üģһֱʮ㲻СʱҪˣ˵Իܵȵĵϻһ
ȥĻûз-ôһͬʱȥԼ᣿
ϴѾ׼ˣϽߡڴšüָһ㡣
УԴСûʲôǽ˵ģҲһ򿪵ͼһصλã͵һ̧ۣ
ϵͳðһæ
ϣʮǰƽʱϯĲʱһˣſڵصȴϵС㣬Ѿ˺ܾˡ
һŶԷ¥
ţƯźƵζͻֻƣʹûкһξҲѬ
ֻϧ뵽ơ־ͷۡ
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һװխ׼ʹҫĿҲ޷ģתͷǽڵ⾵ϣָͦüۡԼı߲ʵĹϣվǣһ
߿һϵͷȥС㣬ףò졣
֮ǰѾ裬ȻԷ߹̲סӿ졣
δԵٸӿͦҲӳˣΨһǣΨһĹ⡣
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һƣûм˵Ʊһ
һ·˼ĴţҲ·ôʱϡ
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һǿеɬѹȥʲôֱ˵ɣֻһСʱʱ䡣
ͬʱصǰƾճһ͸壬һġʮ棬ʱš
üͷһ˲תͷϵľƱĬƬͻȻ̧ۿ㸴ϡ
أ
˴ֱ
֮ǰ׼Щ߹հƵĻʱòˣضʱ޴룺 ôͻͻȻôֱӡ
Եһֱ
Σ˵ľֻǰö˵١ڿϣ˵ȥˮ㡣ôĻﻹ˵ȥŴһں졣
ǶӣΨһ֧ȥĶ
ѵôֱ׵ſ죬ȴΪ֮հ׵ôء
΢΢򴽣ʣΪʲô
ڵҪʲôʲôѾǵǸ˵Сү˽⣬ڵʵѾԻľôﵽصӰ졣ΪʲôҪ
ԵĺһûΪʲô
˼ʱ䣬ûɵġ
غӣﰵ⡣Щƺ츳ֱεĻͱ黰ԼԴĶеˡ
ֻͻȻһͬʱǰֻܿϣɫġ60Ѿʺġ50
͵һսֻԲͻȻڸڽֽҡһҪĶұҪȥȡ
ΪҪĬؿϽʮӺͻ
սȭͷɿҽ˾㡣
ͼ¶ЦţѾ˰ңϾͻ
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¥£Ѿһ⳵ͣ˾С㣬˵ʮӾʮӣ׼ʱ
ĨһѺ㿪ֻҪһ֮ڵҿԼǮ
˾ŷһЦˣ͸Ű𣬲һϵ˵ţҲɵֹ˸Ϊ˲һӵľ룬ⲻǳԱ˳ŵ
˼ǮͲˡ
Ӹͣ£ؾ˿ųȥ¥вڵȴһС㣬ˡ
ûвмȴͷ󺹣׵˵ͷܵ¥ϡ
ľ̨׷ˡһ·ö˿ת˲͵¥ϡͬʱɺֱ˰ɫġ49
վǰһš
һڣ˳׵ɴƴƶ䣬Ʈ̧ۣһ޳Ӱվڴڣ촩űɴҪ׵ĳûڸɢɫ컵ضѵڹ-Ĳϡ
ڹâпı飬ָ⣬ʳڴڵ֮ڣʳҲ֪ˮ˭ġ
ˡ
ϵĲмת
ûĻ˲ͷϵʱ䣬֪½ˡ
Сĵ£·϶³һʱ䡣
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ڲˮУʹųû˵
صָϥ顣ôˣ˵Ϲ˵ƽʱƱȴһ仰˵
˵ġ
γٵȷʵԣ˵½¾ͻȻ
ܾöûкúһˡ
ƺõվڽ̨˹ظѧεʱֻأᣬ
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ÿȥдҵԱһ衣ŵĲǸеС
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׷ʱڿϿΪʲô֪ǿα˻ֻ¼ˡ
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رԼ·ͻױƷһû˰ңѵһܰԼ𣿡
գգۣȥҲôңԼҪúúõġ
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˶ӣʱĺ蹵ƺһ½µСĵסָ⡣
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δ䣬صֻһǰʺġ40һϲ͵վ
ʱ䵽ˣ
豭һ𣬲ˮ˳
½šü˵ʱһɣҵ¥µңغҵҵϾͻ
½Σ߱ߺʮӣ
һ·⡱¥оԼȵӰġҪѸ٣ϳϳţ

˾һ͵ش˳ȥС㣬ĵսƬ
һˡһʱҪ
һӣֻصײʱѾţšһڣһ̧ۡ
͵ͣһ£ҪòŪһɣ
Сĵ£ȡȼ˰ɣ
ԴǲԵһûСΪ֪
أ
ˡ
ߵµĺƣ˰ɣ߳Ա˵
˵ûоһ˵Ӿ͸оЩա³һӣͻȻ̽֡
һؿָⴥǣȻһ
ղźȲˣ


22 
ȿȿȣ
ʲôû, ȴȵûڵء
ղߵüˣ뵽ϻմŲˮһҴҳȥµ˻йȱ裿ҲԿдš˵ѡ֡
ı, ȻҪһˮذڰ, ֱߵĺһһڴ, ̹ˡ
ŶԷĿ⣬Ļ, ͵ղųȥܵüѾ͸һƿ衣
Դߣţ, ƽֱʲô
Ѻġ
û׷ʣһ
˻С
ƫߣֺһںѹѹ
ͷܵĻ治˸ɵ, ҪǿҪͽ
¾Ʊ, һ̧ͷһ£ôʲô
԰ӵݸû˵ֻǿһԼľƱӰеصմһˮ, øӺ, Ϊ΢΢죬վǽͷС
ܺÿ
, صӿƲסطˡԲ֪ô, һʹֱ򣬲æҡĲݡ
Ž, ʪķ绹ǲܴϵŶͷҽûлױ
ÿ
ױغÿױҲÿ˵úƶ, ʼǲغÿֻһʵ, һжϡ
ôȥ, û뵽Ůӻױ»ô޸СԼµǶӣ뷨跨ԼͿ֬Ĩۣǲɵ
һţţ̲סʣһοһױʱʲô
Էµ棬䡣β֪뵽ʲôǧƽֱƺԼһ̣ɵ
ظֵܿɰ
ů⻹ҪɰԺеĺ˵ļڻҪɰһӴĶҪɰ
Ʋ죬̲סһЦ
ǵģɵڻòϵɵ
ǸȵաԴһβ֮󣬾һֱ˵֮֮ĹϵһЩҲǿ˵һ仰
ʱϵͳûмʶصġÿߴҪðסԣٵһ£ǲʱദ
ȻȴҵԴ磬ѾΨһĿꡣǱϤƶһһһһسˢʵģ
վڽƵϣһһĴػȥԸǿңȻͬʱƶҲƺӰ쵽ԣԭʼġֲڵĲôʱֻΪ˹ԡ
ȫµأǸ岻Ȳֵġء
һգԴľ͹ëëܵҵȦֻһ
ڣվȦſüëëëëһ⻬Ƥëƺڣƨɺ㡣
ëë
磡
̲ס˸硣
תͷǰϡŴ˳Ĭضӡ
Σüëһ͵תͷ
ЩŭСӣҿЦˣ
Եһ£عͷǻſɵ΢̣ڸʲô
ذѴİĨϣûڻױ
ΪڴιʮŵõССһˮɫȴϧò˵ı͡ɹȹ򣬾ķۡ
ԻĿں졪ֽ
ϸ˻˯żȥˣͰѷóϸϸطϣһºֽù׻һü
þûױҸоãֻƼݣƤ紵ɹ⻬ĨϡȾ죬ǾĴСǸڹҵĸ輿
Ȼ˽СЩС˼֪ʲôǻױģŵĸϿԲ
ܹ𣿡
վӣԼɺ͡û˵תȥëë
üͷ˰Σģľ輿ŤǸСһЦˣԼľͺá
˵꣬ȥιֻԸʳŭˮ˻ǻңΪԸҶôԼͲ׷ˣҾͲܳˣ
˵꣬һתͷͿԱŻëëվڸڿ
ëëһ࣬ɫĳԭӣֻһ䵭ࡣӸ롣
ؿ˿Լϵ·ŭʲôԺסĹӣҪ͵Ǽҵʳ
Դ۽ޣëëתڡ
һ¡ЩϵļУƺϱȥǿ϶һڼңʱ򡭡ҪԼˡ
˵ţԼ˺þõ㻨ǮǮӸǿһ绰ˡ
Խסһۡ
ʲôܲ𹩳ҡתݣһˮԼϴɾȻûһιһͷûǸ˵Ӱ
ϵͳˣ㾹ȻӳȥķΪʲôҵĻѵ㲻𣿡
Ц˵㣬ʲô͸ʲô˵ҾͰϣ
ϵͳһʶصԱһ졣
ڶһ磬Աëëһ۵ĶͺƷ򸾽˳ǡ
ֱ磬񶼻˵Ӱûг֡ΪԳɹѣﲻɵɡ
ֻǸհȦŴ򿪣һֻëʹ˽ȥһڵһһ͵ػͷǸվ
Ķϴһ㺹Ҳ˺ܶࡣ֡
޳ָſһֻĿں쾲
ؾˣϽһߣôûߣ
ԵҴ˵绰Ұ˵ҡ
һ׵ķȲݾҲΪ߶Σա
֣һ̽ʣҵģ
ѿںһһתߡزԽǰ
ιǮ
ԵŽƿĺӡ
ԭһ·۵ôġؿĿں죬·öԶ
룬صƺдǹܿںʶֳ־õζϣůųʪ
һţţѹºĹҲÿɰҶԼһֻ¶ûǰ˵ˡ
˵ʶʲô㵱ʱΪҿɰ˵ǲǣɧ
ԺһںƣߡֻǱǣţûѹ¡
⣬ԶůѲĺӣµĲػֲʵС
룬ϵĻʱbug⣬ʱصԼ£֮ʱ蹵ûƽġ˵ϣȷʵЩ޴롣
Կɫ΢䣬أ㸴ϲһʱ嶯
˵˾ĳڹȥѾΡ
һ˵Ļ̫࣬Ȼ̸ֻһѹ֣ƺÿֶӡȥ꣬ΪӵһУһ㣬ܿա
̽ԺΪȫ綼˽¡ǵһŲȥʱȴֽǸա¿գա
΢΢һ£̧ۿ۵ѹֵĲ
ֱҿ֡
ƺصطҹϵ˿ԣ겻ĺڿһǣԣ֪ʹǼٵģҲ׷˳ȥֻΪ㡣
ʶô꣬ǵһ˵ôĻûдǲܵġ
ر˱ۣվ𣬲ɵߡ
ϣ΢΢̧ͷصָҪգǰͻȻһ
30
һûʶ˺һüһҡϸ
ء
صʮӺҾ͸һ𸴡
ֻõҵ㡣
ȥ·ԱߵطѣС㣬ﲻǲǺ
ֱƿţȻһ˸߸ߵΧǽǽ˾͵ˣС㣬ݵƬ𣿡
ؽǽѵÿȪˮ죺ϻϽߣ
һųȥת˲͵Ͻ϶¥صҡҰˡ
½£°˾ͺá
صġ
½¸˱裬ȻϵƸæһ磬ûгԷɡӦԼġ
ͷƤһըͦáͦãλҲ
½¿һۣ΢΢һЦ
㣬Ҫŵߣã
أӶǺţţʵѾˡ
½̧ۣʱ˶
áס죬ҧûУ·̫һ硣
һЦָһ㣺Ե㶫ѹһѹ
أ
ϵͳɻ
ⲻغˣԵһҭòУòˮѹȻŲ˿ºˣʡˡ
½̧ۿأҲ׷ĹȥҲڡԸҸ𣿡
һ׷ȥ˼ǲڵЩ©ڣһ浽
½µԸʵˡֻǡ
ش˼ֻﻹЩġ½»ԣ⧲󸴺ҲͻȻûи׼Ļᡣ
ôû̫֮ʱĺ蹵Ƕټ䶼ϵġ
ԼڵܺãˡѡҵҵгɣڸԵڶǶһŲû㹻׼ǴԼԼкܴӰ졣
Ų裬û˵
½΢΢ŵ̾Ϣߵڿ¥µƽγǿҵĶԱȡȻصƺֻҪꡣ
֪ʲô
ʳףһƬҴͻ
صǺܶҡ
½ܿ͸˼̫ӣԶ²͸
Ǵʱ˵һº£Ȼȴ֪½ƽ£׵ӿðա
ͬʱǰһ
20
ظ뿪ڣ½¾͵أִֵ֪Ըҷֱȵ컹ѡԡֻʮӵĿʱ䡣
ظӵص㻹ġ
Ű͵ȥϲ
˵ţֱȥ
ֻʣ½ºһ㣬ߵ̫ϵĲ軹û豭һڣϸ΢ĲͬҲץסüͷһ壺ơ
س˲¥ϵͳô졣
üģԼΪʲôҪº˦ˡ
ܾǣǻӲġӦһ뵽ԺڻҪʹķӣͺ޲ɱ
ʲô취סֱǻصԼ硭
͵̧ۡ
Ŵ϶¥ȻԵҲӦ㡣
ɫ΢䣬ͽŵҲܾӽҡ󸴺Ҫи̰ɣûĸŮӱһٷʹ˵ġ
΢΢˱ۣȻƵػһ֪һŬ
û˱ֱֱǸů꣬ĻһᣬΪֹԣʱ쵽ˣҪѧУˡ
˵ͷ˾㡣
һЦˣԼ߾Ϳԣϰɡ
Կ¥ɵϳ⳵
Ƭ̣绰ϰ壬СĳŸڽȥˡ
һ֪ˡ
ػص¥Ѷ˵Ļ½˵һ飬½΢Цؿԡ
Īо̽ʣǾô˵ˣԺҲ㲻ͻȻǰȥѧˣ
½µͷ㡣
ϽԼߡԼߡ
߳¥˸
ϵָպù㡣
ϵͳ̲סġ
һЦ˵ҲˡһҲڻ£
һһγ
̲סʣϰ壬ΪʲôҲһСղŵ׼˭
ĿԶĽһɨʪůĿûڻеᡣθĪĲʣá
˵ЩҪ׿ڸ
½ڳϵͳǰŮѲԾ
½Ų۾˲΢΢һЦǺܺã˼


23 
һСʱʱ, ȴһô
Ȼ˵ȷʵҲɡرǺһûи֪ͻȻǰԼͱײ, û˺֮ǡ
ֻֻ˼, ͵ʦŭ
ʵʵ˵ǼΪ˾ƲŵϿκʦǳ, ûп۷ֻ֣ǰǼ˸Ѫͷ
ر˼ҵֱĩ, ˹ԼûͻȻ, ҲٷϢ⵹һ
ʵ˵ѾǸڵͷæҵôС˵һÿʲôֻܣض״, ҾҲԼ¡
ĩʱ, ȥվһˣδ֡㡣
Сݵ£, οǸӷa, ؽʱ򣬶ԷŴСĶվڻվæĹ, ĵһ۾ҵĸ׵Сĸ, ܹ
ӣҿҵˣطҲ߶ˣ˵, ϵĴС˹̸ĽˣȥϽű, ˾ˡ
ؽӹ, ᵽϤζƺ͵ؾͻصǵļ, ɵһЦˣ㡣
ڰ֣˵ĵĻҾ˳Ժһɻʲô
ؽӹ䣬ǰߣԺס£һúչġ
ӡСĵ⳵ЦһڴģһúøɻģԲ͵
Ѿܾû˽ˣЩӦ־ִӵĳƺֱ۵⣬ɽһɼ׵Ȫĳܵһ徻
жˡ
Ȼڶͱ
⼸һֱ˵£¶ˡ˿һֱߴϽµױݣϴγǸһױûãڸûʲôչ뵽⼸ڣͷ۵룬ǲһױһ٣
žͷüģͳһױɡһ˶Ը˵һ治ˡ
ױҪУСۡꡣصβ͸һӻ첻ߵľǡСǡС˫Ƥһ˫Ƥ״γƽ״̬
˫ƤխߵƤŮױݺܺûصݵŮ޷ߣ˫ƤӼٽëƤϣüƣֱȫ˫ƤΪֹ
ٴ׺ֻü۴ԴһüëҰüüëϡͬѧҪ鷳һ㣬һһػ
˵꣬ó۾쵽ȧǣɨϹأСȧǵĳȣͥŮҪԡ
ױĹؼ½ëǳӰףȻغ½ëһ״ŴԲϱȣγɼٵɡסļزõͷԴС
½ëݲˢкԵЧ¼ٽëҪٽëʱҪŽëȼ̽ëŸһ״üƣëһûЧ
ϴֱʱĻϵ̫࣬ѵö˵˼䡣
ҪͿϿں죬ͻȻžһһںһͻϡ
رվͷתһתͷվſڣɨѵ˵ϣŵϴ󣺡ӣǻʲôױأ
صױ
ʺױ㿴۵׵һƬ죺Ȼһÿɫԣüӵ׻߻ҡ
ûͷõģһῼǡ
˵ţָָͷ㣬¼Ƶ
¼¼ߵԱߣұ֤
طģת˲ϵĿں죬Ŵ˾ͷһŵ
ǿں졣ĿںóСĵصڴȾɫŨòʺճױĿѡһɫ
ס
΢΢һбۣ㶢촽ٶһ
ǿ΢Цټһ㣬γҧЧȻǩΧȾױص۾Ҳڴϴ˵һױݱҪص㡣εӰǳص㼸Ա󴽲̬ƽ⡣
ǩһΣžӿ˿ѪС
ѽѽ㿴ֿͣ졣
üһװһ㣬βϺ롣
߱βһ㣬ױͬ㾦ʱұ֮Ҳױ̬ȣǻױ
ûۿҡͷ˳ȥ
ؾôԼԱֻҧˡ
Ȼ֮ӣͳ˿ͷ
˵̫̫Ҳ뵽βС˼ʦġϲһ˭Ҳ֪ƽ缴ǣǸ׼Ҹϳ죬ء
󽫡ڿɷˡ
ֻû뵽ҵҲԱ󽫡ϡ
ۼɴɴۡ
ţвȹֿ졣
צͼ廨
ÿοһȴְԼϰֹؾ͸оθۡ
Сũ峤󣬿϶ơϣҲ̧³һƤ
Ϊԭ򡣡ذŶͷһ̫Сڵ緢չˣֲǶʮǰֻôʲôûֻǹǲͬѡ
ĸСĸ󣬵ĸæڹ޾൱̻ʦܴ޾Ӱ졣
Ѵ޾幤տŵ˵ҲǴͳĻļ̳ߣ˶ԴͳȻֿ֣ŵĹȻеִ
ͬͲͬ¡˸ۣ幤ã㲼õܰʱɡһûʲôӰ졣
һУŴİ׸룬ȻҲֹڴˡ
ʹLUֻССĹԢʹֻˣҲɼͥӪ㲻ԱԺҲ֡һ幤տˣԷδֹֻڻе廨
뵽̧ۡԺһЦһҪ鷳ˡ
һ㶣ʶסԼҪ
Ҫ㿴ҡ
ټĻĲŮͷصЩӦؿأ
ӣҪҴĶȥ
ػ˻λƱǡ
ڷɻϣŴĻпƲ㣬ǣƽȷСaǵҪĸСʱسûΣ˼٣ճôʱ䣬Ϊ˴㿴һ㡣
죬ʱװǾеӣʮΪ㿪ϣѪˡ
סصֱۣβۣӣʲôģǸǮɶ뿴ʹźȥ£ҹ̫˷Ǯˡ
صɲ˷ǮΪԺǮ
㲻ԣϢϾ͵
ԹԱۣ̲סԹҲ̫ͻȻˣ˵߾ߡҪǰ죬Ҳ׼׼ҲüҿҪ
˵⧲ģǶ˼ʹϵ˽ܵĵطκһԶŶһξҪͱ˷顣
Ȼ˵شۡ
ƺһѣûʲôֵһǰĵؽԼһС
ϣŴƾ棬ɵԼļ
һΣǺԡ
Ҫ뿪ǰһϣĬӱߡرëëץëëϵС棺
λȥҪ೤ۣ𶯲ͱƭ¡Ȼֻһ£һϴһܵɽˤȸô죿
Ϊǹܿں죬Ե̬תãѵӡ
ԱߣԼĳѾòӣֻôű˵·¿Ӷһأ¶ѩ׵ͽס
ɫ²Եˮ治˵ԶĬɽ͡
ƺ«زתͷץŹצӰιʱòỹ˵ɣ
ͻȻлл
ֻǳԶԷĿΪԼˣ˵ʲôлллң
ɴ۾
Կظһ飺ллİ
˵ţٻعͷֲ˵ˡ
̲סǣĸлˡԺǵû
Կˮû˵ȻӲڴϾƶɽ壬˭أԭԻصк˺úõؽѵ˺ĵһҵġ
ڶһ磬˼ˣƺһᣬԺĹˡ
վڴڣųŨһᡣ
ĸ׾Ķʲô˼ҾܻѾͷʱСӶٳԵģ˼Ҷһû
ϵͳȥɾҪʧˡ
صһСƨʲôɹԵġŰɣ߳ٹҲ
˵ô˵ֻÿιʱ򣬶ʶضһЩʳʱҲûֻںСҲûǸĬվߡ
һԺԵ
Ժ󣬶Էһֱûš
ֱ٣Ǹѩ糿һγֿ˴
ůյص۽ǣ΢΢񡣺Ҳȵա
ؼ˴ǮѾϵ׸ʼʡǷչͻȻңǡǼ½ȥһʡμѧ
ؾʧ룬Ҫ½´绰ȴûе绰ŵ½¿ԻͰ
תһ룬Լûʲôȥ½ϢϾֻǹϵһͬѧˡ
ǰǼ죬Ǳȳʪ
ز֪΢Ҹӵ飬½µĸףԼҪˣԺˡ
½ĸ׿һЦûж⡣
Ͼ½µĳɼǰéû˸ôҲ󡣶һһزûʲôͬ
½ңؿ½µĴڣһƬʱԷ϶ʡǵľƵΰɡ
ϵͳʱҪܵһʡǣҪˡµġ
üģƵģֲġΪ»ᷢ½𣿡
ҹͻȻ¡
ڵĶʰòֻ࣬ʣһŴһߡ
ڴϣظסӡô˯š
ͻȻһ죬һ̽شһ϶һʱסˡ
ֻ½¾վ¥£С
ȫʪ͸ϴźصŢ϶¥صسס׵촽΢ߡ
һʪģȴһػ𣬿Ҫˡ
㡢ôͻȻˣ
ʦǣҪˡ½شšüҡҲߡ
һժˮ۾˹ȥ
ǰһΣ˲
㱼Ʋе̫óĸΣ۷ԼĻþ
һüģ̾Ҳһۡ
磬׼ʱǣظأ۴αȵķݲϷۣ̾ǣ
Ǵ֣ˮ¥һĦм䣬ߵĺ̵ƷͬƵʵָխĶ
ͳǰصǣһħöĵط
Ϊ˹ܶΣڽϣԣǡ
㿴Ŀת֪ʲô͵ץס󣺡ҵѽǲǣСʱڵϿǣ
ǾôĵطǵļʻǺܴġȴǵһοˣ״Σҵѽ̫̫̫˧ˣÿ߰Ҳ泤
Ưȳǵı䣬شīϷһۣһҲһ㡣
⻹һ㰡ơ
۵ǿ˧̫١˧ǡر˱ȣͲ˵࣬ߵñҸͷȵõ
Լϱ˱ȣԲţгñôõˣǲˣɡͺ˵
žˡشīһǡ
ǣͲ¥ڡ
СʯСĵظžƹһƬƬˮݣƬ
һīСʯ
СʯϽͷ˽㡣
СʯһͲߣһͷ㵽˵ؿڡ̧°ͣǵһϰ࣬úøɡɵú˲㣬֪𣿡
һ⻰СʯǴ˼ѪɫǺ죺İɹ˽㣬һŬģΪݹʣҲŬģ
ЦһǸʵϺӡ
ݴյǰ˵һ仰Сʯļ磺ˣ㹤ʱˣȥѽйҪˡ
СʯĹСʯĴǡ
СʯϽϾȥ
͵س˳ȥӵؿСʯıӰưư죺»ĵĸ˰ɡ
˺ε̾ϣֵܼʱ䳤㡣
Сʯ嵽Ͳ¥խ·浽ɢƬͣƬڽŵ׷̶죬Сʯƣ磿
ͬԱлӰۡҲƢӰۣ´СʯǵĸСʯԽֻţûж˽⡣ﵱҲֻȣʱ֪δԼʲô
δӹǾΪһʵĶƬʱƬϢȻ˭֪Լһ˴ŵʱû˭ܿ
Сʯ˰죬û˻Ӧ
СʯﶵתתһȺݴ硣
Էƾɵļпǽϣ΢΢ʹ壬΢ҵķ˿۽ϣֻܿͦıϥϣָһ̣ʱܿ΢һ⡣
һŹһȴ׺
СʯĪشһСǿ£ʡ𣿡
һ̣شСʯǾ͸żеͺܸ߸ݡ˧Ǹݡ
˻û˵СʯΪȺǸưͣͷվ絽ȥˣݶȼˡ
ң
һɳƵͻȻСʯһ㶣βʶǰ˵͵غһ
Цһ³Ȼ󻺻վ
Сʯһ̫ˣұáֻҪ΢һڽšܴԼͷȥ
Ⱥݡϵ̣ƿ˳ȥ߹˺죬һɡ
Сʯλز񣬴ߵǰָһ£ǰķ¶Ӳͦ٣ɫͫףʱ󾪣
ǽ


24 
شҵƵס, ƨɻûĴȣҵġǵҵĸ߼شĸ¥, ֻҪ̤һ, ƺѾӶȾǹҵĽǮϢ
һʱèĵ̣޲Ž·ӣʲôǿ𣿡
صʱװ, ￴㲻ҪĿ, 㿪ϲĿꡣ
ϣͷһɶҪ
֮߾ͶˡߵһƷװǰ̧ͷһͨڵӣֻĸQ&S
ɶӣզƴأ
ƴ, ĸش߽ȥӵʦ.˹ļơ
ôǲס, Ҳǡֻ֪װ껹ǵƹⶼӣŸȥҽžת˳ӣ⿴Ҳ̫ˡ
صҸ򡣡
ǮϽ֣ʹʹ, ﹤͹鷳ˣô·ǸǮԼá
㿴򵥵Tţп, صҲ򡣡
Ϊɶ
ָīмıһķ۳ƨ𣺡ΪҴʲôʲôʱС
ƿԡ
˵˵ǽ˵ʱ֮, ӰĴ·ѼΪ, ȻQ&S, ⲻ˻ܵӰ, 󲿷ֶǻҺڰΪ
ظһɫ¶糤ë£ɫƤƳȹ߸Ьѡֻһһ˫ȥ滻ԡ
ص£㲻ҲӡҸط£պһˮͲԱ޼ɵƮߣ˳ŶԷĿԼϺƸеT˲Ȼ
ӣһǡ
Σĥĥسŵ𣿡
صС˵ţֱߵĳȹݸһ
һ֪۸񲻷ƣһǩʱˣ塢λҵѽҺһĹˣ
վһߵĵԱʱһЦȹ˶治ڵĻ¹
λŮʿ·ʱ򲻽·Ҳ·ˡʾǲʣҪǿŶתʮͲӽҪʲôûУαӹ
ֱ׵Ļټʹٳٶ۵˶ıӣɫʱǵͨ죬ϵëƤȹûлȴǱ˰ǹһ߳ܡ
ۿ΢죬ʶضصӣ·ҾһЩʣǻǻһҰɡ
ԱЦһ˸ۡ
°ͣҲòʡɫ֮ǰŲز䣺ϾĿʽЩʱˡ
Ķһ٣תͷЦؿС㣬ǲ˽ʲôǸŰɡǵеĶֻضʮǰĳʲôйʱͲҪ˵
һЦָһǿһǣûQ&S޷ɹΪڸֻһǣΪСڳƵԭ򣿡
һõʲʲôԭ򣿡
ؽҧø֨֨죬㻻·һȦ·͵һЦȻǹʱŲùȥԪصĺҶѵǶԹȥʱоӵ˵ĸš
վָһţп㣺ŵĲüǰʱװϾѾù
һȹӡȥĻϵеһģһ
һ˫ЬӣЬϵĺƺǰﶬѥҲͬһ֡ԡ
ĿɿڴĵȻ½ۣ˵ʲôţȳϱѡ
㡢Ϲ˵ʲô
Աɫͨ죬ȴҲʲôʱ곤߳ݵһۣȥ곤ɲϹϾжϳزʦȦˡʱн˹ŹŹֹ֣ݳ޿ŵľе͵ӵģ˶ȵ䣬һǸ涮еô죿
ʶؾҪȥؿһЦֱ˶ԷһףЦ
µQ&SûôġôܵضԴ˿ͻҪǮûͦ곤ҵôðɡûдο͵Ĳ䣬ĵǳ£곤ı·ɡ
곤ƿԣ˵ȴֱת㣬ɵվˡȥͲ¥ȹؼҸĸģҲҲλ
˫۷ŹؿأϽϣã
곤ɫãֻؿشˡһͷݺݵؾһǵԱĶ䣺ȥףԣ´θҹס죡
ţһŰһۿأӣҲ̫ˣǵǸʲôƵʲô·ԭ㶼ǵãûղǸĵͨ죡
һЦҾǺ˵˭ܼǵôһʱ֮䷴ӦҸͿ˰ˡҲ˵ˣǶӳƲжô˽⣬Һ˵˰ǶûסֻһȺ۸ֵ͵˶ѣϡ
ʵղŵĻٲΰ롣ƹôĵƷȻȫǵáԷƷȷʵϤһ۾ܿЩ·ûġ
ЩƴŸŻͷжǻĴͳĶǾͲö֪ˡ
תͷ󳬴ҡϣһԼҲܹش˻ʱС
ôһȰ˺ࣺܶ˵øһҸղҲˡ˵꣬ղŵľ̾ҪʲôʱҲͺˡ뱻Աӵʱܵػػ
عסǾʹڿʼ
˻˵طһСװشؾƵ꣬ǰ
ǮҵͥòŮ˵ĵȻҲܸıԸ񣬵ܸıò
ˢһϽ㿪ҲҪҲҪǸʲôʺױ
ضҪЦˣҪһһ㻯ءģҸ㻯һġ
һģʲôģ
ȻҪšǾ͹᳹ඡ
ؾ㻯ױʮǣΪӰӾڵأһʱڵʱзԵʱڵɾ޴Ӱ죬ʱջǺܶǽķС
ͷ΢΢ݻƣ΢΢ݣ촽Ҳ΢һ˫۾㣬ȻǵƤӷסͥ۱ոպá
ĳ࣬ױַҲֻӡ㡱ɡÿҪáޡһЩѡ
ǵԼٲţɹϮô죿
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ϸֱͦҲʺְҵ硣
ףȻüüëңû޵úϸ޳Ұüôɫף߱ʻߣˢȾصüںͿĨ촽ٽͷɢƫֵһࡣ
ʱͷѾƫ
·ûվӣЩģӣ㲻ұɺƨɰɡεĿںɱѡǸɫǸ˵Ƶġ
ΣѾӵݸ
ôһͻȻɴ۽һ
رһҾûԣôԽ𣿡
Լ૵ôôСʱڻϿǰ
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̿ҿûٸ˵˵İá
žӿû꣬ҡͷʱֻͻȻһȻ
ͷЩղųϵˣ˵Ҫģ
ģǲԼ𣿳̳ıʲô
ôˣش𣺡˵Ϊ£һ㣡
飿ʲôɻü
һСʱǰ
Ƭ
СʯΪ⧲رͣѾġʯͷСʱˡΧ۵޲꣺µĸ˰ɣûʮӡ
ĸˣǰΪʲô͵ģ
һǸ͵ˮ̫ߣ̵ˡ
ڶΪ籾ʱͻȻ˸绰ŵˡ
ΪͻȻ𴲣ˡ
ĸأ
Ⱥݴ翴һʯСʯʱûŪףǳ̫˰ɡ
Ⱥ
֪һݼáߵԱǰһյӰɹӰתͣõӰۣ֮һ·ǣ˼кֽĵӰΪҵѾ۷˵ʱֹڴˣѡⷢչ꿿ŶಿӰɹڹ㣬Ϊ˻˵Ľ
ͬʱҲһƢԸӵӰۡһǵݻǾˣûκһ˸Ҵüͷ
磬խˮݾþòɡ˺ˮݣϢĽȼһ̣
硣Ҫ𣿡
ڹ˺ߣſӲװһ˫޳ȣÿϵľ籾ָһ̻£
㡣
˺һһڽԱߣҾͲˡҵʮӾ͸˼Ҵˣʲôӡ
ǰֲûйЦһһβ΢΢ںڵĳ޾ס˵ɫͫס
˺쿴΢΢һ˵ԽıƢڴҵڵĿӦòôãԸôӾ᲻
ȷʵһԭ򡣱Ͼķ֮һѪͳüĿͫɫǳ껹Ϊֵߵ⵼Ϸ·ޡ
񡭡ԷźȺһƾɼпˡ׵ţп㣬΢ͷҵɢüǼ䣬һɢؼ̣ʹǱĴ磬ҲסϵĹʡϵļ˺ֱۣƬҲΥ͡
ֻ˵Щү׷ιԡ
һ棬ȻƢӣֱʡƸͳŵı꣬ҹƢܶ࣬޷߲Ҫǰ
ʹǰ֮ô࣬Ҳסôǰˡһա
˺ջ磬̳˵㣬ǲϷʱʲô鷳
һֻۣ߻ɨǰĽ־
ƾɵ¥Ƶĵƹ⣬һЩɫľϸȺݡ
Ծ籾ڵݵǰⲻҪĸоָˡ
װͺƯҲֹڡƯϸ͵ǣκһпܶӡ
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ʲôһˣ㱻ŵˤȥӰĵһˣָô˵ͻѵҪѾǰǰ·һ𣿡
Ƚµͷ˿̣ƽʲô𣿡е˱ǿ쾭¡
Ƭˣ˵㡣
ݱ÷ۣ˺֪ԼҪߣϾϵһ˵ĹԼ磬ͱŵˡⲿӰָʦѾǹڶˣ˼ڹ޶꣬ˮƽĿáô˵ͻء˵һʱ˭
Ǿݻ㣬һ硣
ڲΪݣΪⲿӰƬԼơ˵Ľ̲ҪĸоôԸͣȡ
˺Σ֪˵һƢ°϶ˡԶͻȻһС
ô
˶ʱȥԭԪŮ򾧡b鵼Ϸݵʱ򣬲СĺŮn˳ͻ
ŮnŲǱˣӦεʱ˽˾飬Ϊ˿һ档ֻܵŮ󣬵ǽ֪ô£ĽǶȳҡŮ
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һϷϸ͵ΪŮں󳡺˳ͻʱһС
Ϊϸ͵ĸоһعƲƣҲǺɫ˿ԸпΪĴӰ¾޵һ롣
һԱߵǸŮnż֮ͱˣȻͷûĵԷǴӶԷʺĲϡɫİٺϻƹȥƹʾͷƺҲû㱡ôһ룬һû¶۾ͻķͷ
򾧵׾ˣò׶ñԴΪƬεŮôϲŭɫǨŭھԱԼ״̬ΪҪһ顣
ȻΣ֡СġһŪŮnϵİɫ廨
ŮnšõͱˡСŹȻЩǡԼǰҪ⡣Ϊ˼Ӻýģ˲Ǯأ
ҲǻڲΪǸʲôȺݣû뵽Ǹ첻µزµɵӣҲһŶ
ǰ̻㱨˵úģڳĸ˾ʱǰµ߰˰ˡŮ˳ܣͷ۵
֪ʹǼ򾧵ĴʱҲòһӣǰѳôˡ
òģҪûпżȹӻˣ
ͷۣþ籾סǸҲ˰ɣ˵úܡ
˺һɴǶ˵ˡ
롣ȽСһᡣͻȻ۽ǸеһüƫͷüͷͬһĹ⡣
ۣ񴿽İٺϻȴצ̾ڼͷ̸һȫұɢϵġĹ⡣
ƬƬİɫȴֲηÿ
һ˲䣬ǰƺϤͼİ˼άǱҫĿĹ͵شƣǿƵسһƹ
͵ĴΪϷж˷ܣž籾֮Ҳ΢΢
룬ҵָо
ҡȴ⡣ϸ͵ǡ
籾һ˦˦ϡ󲽵߹ȥ
ôʱֽϵĺƣ͵̧ͷг
Ȼˣô˵棬˷ǼʶΪΪԼתͷؿ򾧣
ʦÿһʵղҡ
졣͵ҧһ̵٣㣬ϵ·ģ
ôˣʶػأڵġ֡ġ


25 
ȥµؽһ, ۣ
ԡһƢܲԱͻȻҪңƵۣ
Ǹǣ˵Ҫ, ҵʱ֪ҲǡҸڸȥǳˣû뵽˵ãиҲǣϾҪ㡣Ǹ˭, ȴΪЭ鲻˵, ֻ˵ա
ʲôνһüֻںµ١
Ҳе, ˼̲סͷôһǾ£ǲǳ֪ĵʵݣ֣
ȴͬ²⣺ĳɱ̫ߡŪǼ·ѡϺõ˿, 㲻߲ݻһܵʱɵġҺԩ޳, ΪһôǮֲϧ۳Ͷٵǡ
ԽԽˣǾģҪȥȥĻǱ¶ݣ
ȥȻȥôõĻ;ĹҴ֪ȾкܴôǼȥ֪ˡصһа취
"ʲô취
һб, ̵žӵʱһ㶣ӣ㿴Ҹɶ
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¥һֵĽ, һ⳵ͣ
ڳ⳵⸽ûоϷȻȴһ񡣿, ©ڿʼ, ʲô;ͻȻҪϵʦ, ֻΪһͷĸо, ²Ǹӡ
Աߵ㿴ưܵĻѵʣ
ӣòҰȥɣ
ȻǡطֻأҲģ㻹㡣
ףذĶϣĳ㡣LUҳԱȥ顣һǰҿôǲƭӡĿʲôΪʲôҪͻȻǵۡ
ǾۣΪݻΪһͷķкܴĲͬԤУⵥɣôкܴһʽ
ȻĿĿɲֹڴˡ
ص˼㻹һܣвУҲҡǿǾ飬Ϸĵط˵滹дǣˡҲȥ
ذ壬ؿ㣬ǲǵ˵ʲôҪҪҪһôƯʣЩǲ˶٣Ϊʲôǣ
㻹ЩΪѣһе㡭
̾һίͰ͵ؿ㣺֪ΪʲôǧΪûˣֻһģغֶһ㣬ҲǵԢǿǿܼˣӵֻڶഫǹһֻ𲽽׶ΡĵǵĹܻһˣһܸǹʡ
һǹʣͿʼҡԥԥͬ⡣
һЦīժϣ㣬ǵãھLUҵĴ֣LUģҲģ
īñ˿Լı飬Ķʱǿ˺ܶࡣһãһУ
˵ţ򿪳ȥ
زֻͨıӰο㣬ڿʼڿʼ˵ʲô˵ʲô³
صĵͻڶߣһ
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ص㣬£Ҿߡֳʲô㿴ĸҡ
صᡢͻԴЧƽ˺ܶ࣬ϽһȦ
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ȻôĿҲ̺ɵ߹ǡ𣿡
ʱҡͷؾ͵ҪֻҪ㲻ǡǹҵԱ
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һ̾ϢʱõͱˡֻһԱѰҲȻҵˣһСԱʹģҲáЩСЩôġ
ʦû𣿡˺ĽЩ
æڡ
ӲֵɡԶԲ˵Ҳзֵ꣬γΪӲˡ
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һŰɫװŮ˵ţϥϷһ̨ԣͷҲ̧
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˵ãؾ͵ҡͷС
һ㶣ӲҡͷԼһ䣺ǡԱ
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һϢôֳȲɣ˷Ĳˡ
ֻǽ˵һ˵ҪƵ۾ͷǵú˼Һͱô졣
˺̾˿óһƬԲ鷳ܹһˡҵϰϲǹƵۣ˾ͷҪʦһ档ȻҲǣԵĻһֳʱ䲻Ļʱ򡣡
дţˣ˺졣
ﻰƲ˼Աһ㶣˵ؾ͵㣬ǹҵĶ֣൱ڼҡʲôֱ˵
仰Թ˺˵ˣ˺üͷһ塣ΪôˣҪı֡Աֳ̬ȣô硭
˺쿴̫͸luˡѵҪۣ
룬ջƬһЦҲáʵʦΪϰҪԺǼ۵У˳ǶۡȻʲôҾͺֱ˵ˡ
һ˵ۡ۾һʶҪͷؾϿһϵ㣬Ҫû̸ôܴӦ
ذǿһֻǣҧø֨֨죺ʦоԱıݣҲٵõġǵԱ԰ϷıһģһҷֺҾܰҵи
һ㶣仰˺ܽܵת˺ۣŻ˳
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˵ˣһϵԡ
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˺һЦȻˣҲǿ͹ǵôʵãֻǼ۶ѣ˾ǮҲ÷Ǹټģ⻹ｭֱһá
˵꣬صĲͬ⣬Ĵġ
վԭʴӣذ㣬¡̸УȨڿʼҪ˵ҵָʾͣ٣𣿡
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ֻǹֻ⡣ؽ˵ȥÿһΪͻƣֿǵÿһͻ԰ŮԱΧݸңǿһ֮ڰʱ뵽Ƿֵȥȡ鷳Ե״Ĳн֣ӦоУûơ
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ֻӦأԷ˵ʲô˵ʲôֻӲͷƤ˵ȥ
䣬ֳһžСʯڷ͵͵ðͷ̲ס̾ĹǸ˲ţڹ˺ôľǰô˵
һ𾪵ؿ㡣
ȻĴģ˵˻̲סáɱ˴嶫ͷ.Ϸͷһˬˡʱֱͦˡ
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һŪ˵ۣЩʹ
۷£׵İٺѾȾ΢죬ǳ˺ﾲؿţȻÿҲƻ۵ԡ
ҲЩۣһ˴ǮӽáءŪӡ
۷ź˿ߣǸģɵһ¡ϰ嵱ѡõ˿ߣΪ˲ĥƤõ˫塣ЩûȥǿԴġ
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˺һۣҲɵһ㶡
ҲһϽûжͷ統߽ʵرǰװٺϵı棬ɫǾޱʺұؿڣ˲ɵþ̾
۽Сϰȡġָ滺˵ٺϺǾޱһ棬гڻϢҲҪĬĬ˼ÿŮ˶ǲͬģҪڷԼ
㿴Լ仨ʱֻǻеƺȴһص⡣
ۺúȻصĻԳõС㣬õĶʺԼԼϾ·ˣ˴·ʱĻǹңѡԼ·
ǿģֻõͷ
㿴ûп˺һۣͳ߳ȥ
ص㣬ˡ
һֻ̲ס棬̲סͷһۣһĹ˺졣ԶƬĻΧʵЩʧջߣȴû뵽ĻͻȻ¡ƺһϷ˶˳ֻʣһڼǰָһ̣΢ĳֻ¶ͦı΢խ°ͣ޳ĴխСĿռڼݲ¡
㿴շ죬صӣ֪˵ֳ˧ǳʲôˣҸղžͿһ
ָеİһͣЦһôܣϾͲеڶ˵ֱˡ
զͲء
˺ؿͳ߳ȥɫ
Сʯû뵽ϰĵһͲ㱻ˣԼڶϰ嵱ڳԱ񣬲ɵÿʼԼҡҡĽ롣
Σ˺ߵǰѸղŵ˵ˡ
ָһ̻£˺죬㵱ôľˣû뵽ҲкͿһ졣
˺һ㶣ô˵
̧ۣǵԱ϶ϰ彻Էﻰ˼ǿⵥ⣬ĻֻҪǸȺݰžͿԡȴܵƬһˣ͸ǡ
ЦһǸϰҲҪֹڴˡ
صġԼС˼ϰ壬ֲûƳôرۡôצͼһˡ
ָһ̣˲񡣽ͷǳɫͫⲨ
ġ
ȴ
˺ûע⵽һ£ô¡ɵüô
ó籾Լϣ㾭˵ˣ̸Ҫҡ
˺Ρ
شصƵꡣƵƬԶôã¥㲻ߣǲС
ذеĳɱѡʹˣʡʡ
䣬ϻϢ֮ǰ㻹ڰľĶлز񣺡ӣôôأǵۻûȥء
ȻסãԴ̨ҹɫһ˽һǣȲųߡ㡣
͹˺̸֪Էֻǿ뷨ԼҪǵۡ޸ĸĻص뷨޼۵ġ
ɲô˶ԷҲֻ˼·Ҫ󻯣͵һһ
ܽϵ𣿡Щҽ쿴Ǹɫܲá
䣬صıֻһ죬һİĺ룬һǣⲻˣ
˵ţҶ˵绰
㣺صΪǲ²͸ˣˡ
ջǣԼװһضŮɣһǰ˵ϻˡ
ؿüɫ飬ɵһЦˣ㡣֪ȥϢɣһҪ֡
˵ͷҲ˯
ţѵú飬£ֻһ죬ԭ˼΢š
΢ֻ֣ʯͶ
飬
ϹˡɲҪһС
ܾ󣬹˰Σһ룬ڣһ㣺
˺졣
Ǹսǵľˡ
һǣͬ⣬ͻȻڴһ.ָһ͵ص˾ܾ
أˣˡ
ءһƵطôãӸڽǲϢˡס䣬Ǿħߵ̨̲ס³һ
㡱£յľǷִ硣̧һۣ̽һ¹˺ľģ¿ɺˣСİѶԷܾˣ⻹ʲô
Щŭڵǲϴһƿơƣųʪȡ
ⵥ˵ĻȥڰƿǸ˵XXڡҧгݵ롣
ͻȻߵ̨һζζǺˣųʪšתͷȥһ˱ҡϣĺƱ鷢졣
˵ܾˣƺڴ绰
ǺһɳƣϡǱҹĺˮײĽʯͳ
һ㶣ԼһϤɫȻеʵɤߵͻسԲͻԲϡ
շÿŪ衭
ֺһơƣԼ롣ΪԺ½£˼ŻɱȻǸҪܵȥ
˼ڵ˷ƵЦ㲻ùˡ
غܾöûгˣᵽζѵöվһᡣƬֻ̣һ졣˼΢š
һֻ֣
飺Ϸġ
أüһҪһ㣬û뵽ֱӵһ㣡
סͬ⣬ұ߷Ȼߣߵһеôźеñã
һھƲǺܡ
ͷѾһϢ
ϰ壬ʱһɡ
عһǣûǣֱӵ
ãԼʱ䡣
죬Ų
ͦ˵ƢҲǳ˵ܻضֿżɽӡ󶼲ܲ
ֻڵҲվƺϴûãͷʪģôҹһŹһϣҹɫа׵÷⣬ھ޴ֲڵؿԷֻܿĸӺܸߡ
Ҿôˡʣµ²Ҫܡ
ƺں˭ͨ³һָ̣
ģҪΪ˭סһסӦò̫
ʣµˣջߣԷľ棬˯صóƱơװȥһڡųʪĿԶһ֮ĵطĺİɽµƹ㣬׹ǡ
ָ˱ȣ۵ҲҪһԼĺ
ϵͳҵѾ죬ףɹ
һЦô˵һ˻
䣬ͻȻڸŻڴͬʱķű졣
𣿡
èһͻȻһ㶡
⣬ɫ΢׵վſڣü


26 
زɵһ, ϽŴ򿪣
ôˣ
˵꣬ʶΪԷڸɫ΢΢һ䡣
Դźɫ£ϻĳԼԼľˮ㡣ֻǴʱ˿ϴ΢סšüͷ, ǿᡣ˸ǵĴϡ
ͳ, ſѹ͵ĵͻ, ҹּ䴩, Ϊðǰ޵Ľ͡
ȻԺܲó, ֻܾʣµĿԼ¡
ǰɣ
ЩΡ
ֱԣǡ
˵, ڳ̧ͻȻ, Ϊʲô˵
ʶػأæŹ, ԺҪĻкܶ࣬ҺڵĹϵѵ¶Ҫ
, Щڡ˵, ȻڵĹϵǰΪ̫æ˦, ʱ˿˵ĻֱԹζ
һ, ƫͷȥ
ΪڱԹȥľǹȥˣ, Ϊҵ, û˭Բ˭ֻ˭һĸ˶ǹ
ǴֻҪǻ׼ʱ뿪, ֻҪǲҵ
ڽҵһʱ, ԷͻȻҹ, ѲС
ȻԵɫ΢䣬˵ʲôͻȻüͷһ壬һֻּǽϷ·Ϊ˲Լ塣
ôˣ
ҧ˵ֻð
ֻǷš顱һ֮Եαһģ͵ǰȥؼʹٴҲסİº˲䵹˴ϡ
Ͳ¥ľƵĴȥֻоԼӲĴϣϻѹһʯɵáƺߡһ
üǿ֧壬˵߲ɵײһ̧ۣԵס˴󲿷ֵĵƹ⣬˿ı飬ڳĿȴɱ档
ص͵һ˲䴹ߡ
ԵĺһԱߵȥ˲ղǲǹģ
ԴϳһЩɫ԰׳ĵ۽޸ڣŴ˵
жʱθУεصˣҿ㲻ƽϡ
˵ţĶͷЩ̣ǲǸðˣ
ԵûУֻǺһơ
ʹڵĵزҲⲻҪӦꡣֻǵﲻֵһᣬȴ֪Ϊεȫ˷ڵҺ塣
̾һټϺ˾Ƶ²
ϵľأҺȵǺƣıﻹǴɡеĽ䱸һˮ
Ҳûʲôҩȿˮɡ
Եһͷ֡ص̫ˣˮͻȥϢɡ
λεظˣ̧ۿĬؽӹˮ
˵ָഥĿҹ꣬ʪıǵصѹȸСصһоڵ¶Ȼߡ
̫ϤԷǸЩԵҳĬԵˣ˶䱸ȴ⧲ش򣬼ʹĴϣҲռ˴Ŀռ䣬ӱխʱȴϴźƵϢس⣬ѬȻǸӲѡ
ʱ˿̣زʶѶԷŽһôȷ¡ʹԶϤҲһõˡӳ죬ҲǿһöԷҵһ©ͻôߣռռ䡣
ָµ¶̣ʶؾջ֣ȴû뵽ұߵķͻȻִһ.
صͷƤһըָһˮһˮԵĴϡ
üͷһ壬һƺߡ
һ󣬵ڼžҹԡֻ˲䣬ұߵķǱסһûˣȻǽϾһǽײ÷Ƶʳߵ졣
ߵķǸɳƵƺһ
أ
صһξԼٺĶƤҲס֪ҪëȰǵԵĿӻװ
Ե£ˮûкȡ
ر˱ۣεҡҴȥˮô̿϶ݡ
ԵԼͿԡҽһԡҡ
ʱﻹܽ飬Ͻȥɡ
վװ˴ϡɫ糣ԡҡʶŤͷԡǰ뿪ţĥɰġԡҲܴԼΣڵƹЩʡ
صĺװģֻֻǶ٣ʣһ·
Զһ£֪
һһ¹Ȼ˳һ졣³һҲֱֻ֪ӸһϢ
˵ʮ֮ڵ
áԡЩơ
շֻOO@@ԡ˳һѵСߣصĽűߡ
ظоذ嶼̽ţϽ˴ϡ֪ԼĶôãһһſӱ⿪խԡҺʹֻһխխĹĦ֮⣬졪ֱײ
ĬоµӲⶼԵʡȻһ׵ĵطʵøɸɾ
صĶС棬ϸȥ˻
ͷװˮͻȻһ죬ѹһЩ.ȡ˲һȻڴֲ֪ԲʲôһĴʤķйϢˡ
أ
ڵĴ絽ڱʲôܲܲҪԲ
ּŵЦá¸ԷӰ޲ھ߿ԷŰơƿԷXX
ֻǸû˶֮ڵǱŴһˮˮƺ͸ϡظоڸ顣Ͻ̨ܵȥ͸硣
ߵ̨ϣǸ˻ǹ.̣ܿɢ
ǰƺֻϸ΢䡣ǽ͹ڻƵĵƹһĹ
ۿȥֻ˺ܸߣƺҲһϸȥֻȴˡ
Ļһ͵һʶػͷȥ
ԡԻڳˮûг˼
ˣΪ˱ҲҶ˵绰
½ֱӷһͼƬطŴˣʱһ١
ǡ޾ƾɣЩˡ
½£ͼҵⱾ飬뵽ϲԽġ˵裬ֻʮ֮ǰҪչݣ˵Ҹô죿
ؿһֱʮ㻹ʮӣ˵ǹģΪ֪Ȿϸûеϵͳģһֻӵеôܷͼݣ
½֪ϲŴ־£ȡںˣҲǲοͳͼ³һװС
Լѹ׵ĶóһһܽܵʱޣΪܾ׼˸ԸϹ˵
δ֣ҺƵȻǿֻҪʮӵʱ䣡
Ƭ̣½µƵ˹һ㿪鱾Ļ档
ؿһԡң̨ǽǴö
½µľͷһΣǽڷָֽһ㣺ô˵
л̨֣ɤӲ
½µaȣע塣
û˵ԼaǣֻǳĬص˵ͷ
ͷɵڽ䣬ɫΪ벻˵ԭ΢΢죬ҹɫҹڸǲס½¿ָ΢΢һֽѹһССĺۼ
شߴϽԼ½һЦ˵һҳ
ⱾϵͳĽŰǻ۱ġɽһļʵżĻ·ڹŴ޳ֹ
ؿĿתϽͼͣ
½µҲشǲǵǰҼҵʱ򣬾͵ҵ飿
ô᲻ǵáʱԼļһ鲣źͨ͸кۼ
½µļкܶͼ飬ӿʼ־ֹ£ſ˲١˴ѧϵͳѧϰ淢չ˾࣬ҲĳĿƼ˼άط·û˻
ûʱͻһĴ鷿Щϵͳ鼮ҲΪԺ˼άõĻ
һüң֣ҺæҪҴơ
ˡ½µûбĽţЦΪһҳڿʼҲ˵
غ⣬ͼоԺЩбһ㲹䡢أ߻ˮ̨ϳĿų⡣
֪ʲôʱ۾ᡣŲ½İζû˵
ƫߣȴ͵һ١
½һְѹҳһִŲ豭ˮ΢ָ̣΢΢죬һڰɫ£ѩ׵ѩ¶ͷѩ¶׹ͣڿݻƵֽҳϷ
ʣ֪ؿĬذһҳȻһڲ衣
һߵĽ΢΢죬鷳ժ£ǰ
صĺһ֪ЩջֻŰĲµһѩס
½¿϶ǹģ롣ƫƫͳԶԷһס
ӲװĴϣֻĳ׹ȥһڣؾԼҪˣһǷˮһǻѣɽ˴˺֪飬ȴһǰһĿڣˡ
½֪ʵһЦôô죿
صĺһһУͼñǽڱԼĽڽ£ûУҺ
½¹ǣ˵ƺʲô͵һۣ
ˣûˡ
صͷ
ֻǸͻȻһ˿ԣ߻ƣ½µϡ
ദô꣬ô᲻ױ˴˵ı顣½µ㲻aǶԲԣҸղſΧϸͶʮķaֻоƵꡣǡղûꡣ
û˵
½ƤЦⲻЦأ㵽Ķ
ҲһЦ¡
䣬͹Ҷֻ
ſͻȻţϰ壬·͵ˡ
ڴͬʱԡˮҲͣˡ
Եأȡһ·
ؽֻ£ȥš
ϡʣµһֱʻ˶㶵ؿء
С㣿ϰΪ׷崿ŮѧȻ׷ˣ
ؽӹ·ȥ¥µɣϾȥ
һֱһʱ䣬Щζؿһۡ
ˣֲؾ͡
΢Цذ·ݽȥ
֣ЩʪļȦر㴩·߰ɣҲҪϢˡ
Ƭ̣Գʣղںͱ˴绰
ʪģڻûüϵãˮϹһ
һ㶣ԼղЩ˴֡һƫͬѧ
˵ţԵĶһգûȥɣҿɲϴ
˹ظԼûдƿ
ܲϵԼų⡣
ߣһҪһ죬ʲô鷳ҡ
䣬ڵһ죬µŮ˵ĵЦϤ˵롣ǽַॡ
ãҪ̯ˣΣѾľˡԻܵЦ¥
Ѿơƿ
á
˵ţߡ
һϣظһȴ͵תŴͷһš
顱һڵȻֹصɴ۾ȥͷȻһ졣
ЦõؿԣһǽڵǮһ⣬úϢ
ȥ̨ܵɢϵһ£ߵִһͨ绰ιƣɳƣһ䣬ӽвġ
زûбˮǺ


27 
ùݳʱ, 컹
෢üģſñߵ¥¡
¥, СվڳǰֽŵתתȥЬ׺޲ðѵĥ
齭ޱϤÿϲ𴲵϶¶ı顣
ֱ߹ȥ򿪳ϳ
Сʯһת˭磡
ô磬Ƥͷʹѣǽñӿϣ߰ɡ
ƣСʯ㶻, Ͻϳ, ôô磬һûüء
磬ϸûô˯
뵽, ɫͲôÿһϽӶرţټϰҹθͻȻڣǸ˶ܲס, ɴվ̨, ½½غһҹľơ
ϹȻ˷, ͷʹѡԻ˯Ҳ˯ţɴ¥
, ȥƬ
ˣû߿ϰߡ
βԽн𴲣СʯһΪԼҪ, û뵽㾹Ȼܰ顣ܱ˿ɲ, СʯϧʧõĹ
뵽, ѳڵĿյ򿪣Σİɽ磬һ׼ʱ͵ġ˵꣬־ýԼʽϰĵһ죬ΪԼµĲõӡĨȥ
磬ԺҾʵҸʲôҾ͸ʲôҾһúչģһǰøã
ƿñӣԺҪһ÷ϲܲô롣
СʯϽֻ͡Ͼ˸˸绰Сʯ϶ι㡣
˺첻֪˵ʲôСʯ͵һҡһҪͣɡҲ֪
˵ţҶϵ绰սսתͷ磬ʲôھ͸򡣡
̧ۣͣǰ档
һϽ֣·խ泤ȸСȫʹƵĻװУֵӦоС
ӳֱ֣С̵Ĵһƿˮ
峿Ѿʼתƿ΢䵽θǱһݡ½üҺӿȫһºʲôǮ
Сʯ㶸ǮŽÿɫʣ磬Զ𣿡
ˮƿһţ˳ŴӽͰСӣҪѻɵ죬ôڿʼ졣
Сʯɫһף͵תͷ
Ƭһ绹ǰ͵ææµµ
³ǹԱԱһʺã
硣
磡
ޱ߹ȥȳһСʯѵظں档
磬ø硣ʱվڼǰͨ浥ȣվôô磿
˯š
˵ţӹͨ浥ɨһۡݿɫôãһͷϷʱ仹ȥϢɡ
ĵӰĵӾ磬ʱһĥΪһͷǹ֪˵ݣĹƬϻ½Ű˵ġͷϷǾζⳡϷĲģ߽һ꣬ǶԽݼĿ϶
ҡҡͷȻͷϷûзĵ
ӿڴһ̣£ŻȼˣʱӴ˳һˣͽһ
ݸϽɲУԱҪġһϷ꣬ͻȥϢɡ
ˡ̻£ָڵͶ»ζӰ³һ̣ȥҲ˯ţͰҵϷ˾С
ݿԽɫ̾˿
ʱɱһƻöӰδʱջ֮ԽʱʱδԼǹ.ɱҲԾʱ׷֣ȴ־ԼĹ¡
ӵ˻ʮץ˽Ҫһڵ׷ս
ѹڽϣݵ֪㲻ϲ̫խȥ弸ƽС̫Σաʵڲоϡ
Ჱӣһ̽ͷӸСʯݣŲžҵȳҲͷ
عͷָ£һͷ¶ŨüۣЩ黰ջȥɣϸҾͷ
һ٣ƺҲԼĵǶġļȻֻĵӲĹƺǱ
Уˡ
ߵ죬ԲǷ˿ĽܿԷҰģҲʵֲñ˶˵ദҲദԱ
ھͷǰϳǰ壺Ӱʱɱ6951Σ
ģ
һһ͵سǽ档ӵĹԱû뵽ôһӾ˳ȥ
ڰͣ˲룬ݵһ뵽һأ˴һ
ӹСʯݹˮһ֮Ϻɫļпˣñ׼һϷ
һϷԼΪ֡ɱһԼһ˷ζǶ˵ѣֻΪչּҵĳͻⳡϷѡͷлתԼֳȶһ⡣
·վڰݡԼǰ΢΢̧˫ۡ
չ£ɫͫȻγȴڴʱ·һ
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ݺݵؽǽϣԷҧΪץס𣿡
ǰӲɣǺɳ׷Σɱô㻹ǾȲӣǲδ
ʹʱҲԸıȥ
һ䣬߼ɲһ١

ݵͷˣٲ
һϷͷһ𣬶ԱᣬԶԱҪܸߡ
ſЩŵǽժߣȻ󻺻һݣһ顣
ֻ֪ղŻˡ
һ㶣뵽󾫵ӣǾһ顣
û뵽һһһ飬ݾ״̬ܶԣȻȴǲôһ㡣̶µľʯʲô赲סǴס
ϣӹСʯݹˮƿġ
СʯΪѣ磬˵屾ͲãΪɫʡģΪ
½Ϻ㻹һ١
㣬ܴ㡣
Сʯ߶µصݹȥһƿˮȣǳµġ
˰ƿθĽʹһб۾
ǰ͵׹ʣһеȴŹĻ
ԣʹ漸ϸҲģʽݡ
ѾΪ˽ıܣʹˣ沿ѾԵ˷Ӧ
ʹͨݵˣﻹǲϸ
˵ıϵͳҲͨԼݼôĽڻԱѾڹչ¶ͷǣԼŬϵͳû
֪һұ
ÿ㶼ϵͳ˵ɳƣȰϢһ죬̫ܻš
ʲô䡣ռΪΪֵȼһ̣ȥָֻΪ˯ò״̬ѡĶûйϵ
˵꣬ϵͳ͵
ģʽ
һ鲻ʮ飬ʮ鲻ٱ顣ôôģ±
һϷѾƳϣͷ󺹡ۿ졣ҹɫݣղŵĲ⣬ٲɡ
ݿɰסˣˣ㲻ۡ͵ɣȥ˽ࡣ
˵ţþչϽˡ
ΣֻҲչ
Լĳ޽ȫϸСʯë磬˵һµľƵ꣬ر𰲾ҲˣҪҪȻȥ
ķ⣬üģȻȥ
Сʯ
ͷؿһֱۣͣҸͲˡ
СʯһϽ˵绰
ĬһᣬùÿĽ춼
ŽݵıӰСʯã
ñӿ֣ȺЩٻعҲعʣټΪⲿӰ屩ݣôߵĸڽϼûϳ
ǻϷʣɢ⣬΢΢ֻһ˫ɫͫ׺޲ضǰ·
ô׼һҹϵͳڽϷй絽ռǿԱ﷨򡣡
³һڱĿ̧һۣԼ޴ȥǵһط
һ̧ۣͻȻһ㶡
ʱװܡ
֪뵽ʲôѹһñܣҪܾԼˣΪҵһȤĵط
شһȦҹʱװڡЩӣҪ
صˣôŮĲ뿴ѵеĲ뿴𣿡
ԣ˵ģضͦ˧ģȶͦ
ٳз⾰˵еڳ濼ǷΧ֮ڣԵüˡ
ջ˼˴á


28 
ֻ֣Ե
ʦ, ǹ֪ʦͻȻԻͳĻȤǽϹŴĻĻٰⳡװ㡣
ػ˾ţ֮˵ڶŵλһȥһ̧ǰȫͷ, T̨Ƚϸ, ҲӰۿ
㻹ǵһοôĳ棬Щšһ¾ͽץסصֲţӣôôˣ
صСʦ, ˿ʱнʿмߣԼ°һ̨ҪͨǣĹģѾСˡ
ǰһ, ȻкܶϿЩǣЩǽˣǽ˷ܣ
ûһ컹ܺһ, Ⱳֵˡ
ؿЦá
½½, һҲˡнŲ, ɢɢ, ȴ죬ֻǼ
ȿ϶ܳصͻȻð뷨ֻƺս, ĺĺ, ǰһ塣
ʱ, ƹ䰵ֻT̨U, Ƿ΢⡣
滺ֻ, ƹ£, һһźɫɴŮģ, ΢̵ȹڣ׹źɫӡ
ģصķ˿Ҳ׹ӣ·ʱҡҡ׹Ө͸
ģصΪʲôҪôӣظͣǺ춹Ű˼
ģƯȹӿĿת
ȻЩ׷Ǵͬġ
ƵķװϣǰжĴͳײһҲΥ͡
ʼʱػЩģϵ·Ԣ⣬ȵģʱͲ˵ˣΪעѾ·ˣȫģصĸʹˡ
˵泤
δ˲ӣǸȸ
ر˵Ҳɵתע̧һҲɵһЦðɣǺܳ
ȷ⾰Զˡ仰ȴû˵
䣬Ӿ΢΢һΪռխѶһȡ
û£̧ͷǸģأҴɲΪ˿˼ĵģô㿴ʲôˣ
·û͸ۻܿʲôΪһЦҾǾЩ·ͦÿġȻ·ǹŴһе֣Ҳͦõġǵĸ̳Ѿһˡ
һЦһҲͦáλȥһһէˡ
ʣҿʦƵĶһƣϲǻͳĶԺƵĶҲôŰɣ
ҡͷֻһֱַʱҪ˵ţؿ㣺ƾԲǸԪĿĵĶѵͳĶʤԵĶкܶࡣ˺춹塢ɰÿһչʾ˻Ů֮˼ҪǶڷװҹꡣ
ˡҲûн˵
Ͼ˼ҵ˵Щָ㽭ɽĻҳӵɡֻܵ·Ƶǡ˼롣ڿҲ·
ذеĴͳԪضѵִװ棬ӣꡣԷƺֻԻĴͳĻ֪Ϥһ㣬ȲԴͷչᡣ
סԵִʲôŴͳԼִעżȻǴ˳Ӧⶼ߸ñ뷨
֪ԷԴǷܣػǾЩź
ҲӼᶨԼ̤ƽľġ
ۿT̨ϵĸŮͻȻǰиģƺ˵̨ϵĺ춹ӣ͵ػһ¡
˶ʱһţǧһ֮ҺģȶΣоյվȻڶϵĶҲǰŵĹڽһվǡߵ˺档
Ůģ΢΢һţϵһ治ɫؼǰߡ
˵Ľŵ˲仮ۼֿϽȥ
һŵΰúܽһܿŵĽš
ֻһΣվȴû뵽۽һƮͲɵöסˡ
˴ŰɫЬǳɫţп㡣΢΢¶һڽס
׺ϸŴɰףһһּͣ谵¾Ȼܱһ
ԶԷ׵ı㣬Ӧòʶؾô룬ͷһۣ͵
ӣ㷢ʲô
ػڼ
㿴ضϽչ־Ҫɶͦÿ
غƣģصĶҪϿȥ
΢΢վĴ˿û˭Ǹģػȡ𣿡
ҡͷᡣ¶ǹԱġⲻ˻һøϽ
˵ţҪ򱣰ȥϽȥɡ̫ˡ
ӹСģѶϻ
ͷȥ֮ת
ֻǸһת۽鵽һӰһ
Ǹ˸ӿ϶һ˫޴չֻίšϴŻɫñſñӣҹﳱʪĿ޷ӡ
ص󣬼ʹҲߴز٣һǰһt̨޶ƹγë޵һţĬֹĺг
񣬰ԼǱ˧˧ͷˣһİô뵽һ
߳Σ򱣰ȥ
ͬʱװѾѹ׶Ρ𷢱۵΢Цһģ
ģֳ֣˶ɵΪ֮һϡ
.ǰȫʻĴƬһұ֦Ҷ°˿ĳгʵɴ֦Ҷ̸ڣһ֦졭
ȳļùֲܵѹᡣ
˶ھģصĳȻȴѾģϵĲʻ棬ɵÿʼˡ
ʱװıӶ˲٣ȻԲμȴֻһΡ
ҲһæҹŶ첽ױ䡣ƻͨΧǰֵڶ
ΪʲôҪϻ
ɢ𣬴Ÿ߸ϵİҲҵҪЩ
̧ۣ˲ڻױײ
û˵Ҳûƿߣ˫ͻȻһ䣺ҵǻЩǲǺܳ󣿡
⾰֪ʦʱŭΪǩ˺ԼģϣҵĹ
⾰Ľżһ㣬˲عͷ
ɫĵƹȫϣʹױһ˫ȳƺ޿ɷšӢͦüڵƹͶ°ӰֱͦǼ΢ϸټѪͳɫӣһֱĶ͡
ʹڵϡ־ڹʱôΣ̲סһ͡
⾰֡Ȼ費ôƢǲ˰վ̨ϵߣƺý˵ĳݡ
⾰ͷһֹֻ˹أСǵĺԼû˵һҪ󣿡
ظһ£ǵһûо㣬㡣
û˵ʦôǴ򽻵ǵһμôźģŭѾȷ涨ϡ
⾰վ˶ͷչ·˯ѵԱҾóªĶҵϾ¡
ʦӵεǡȡǱȻ֮ϵĻɭ֮ҸݻͳڻϵͼƵĻơ⾰㻹ûпͼô᲻ϲأ
ҸͲÿ⾰һЦ¶ЩȮݣΪǻûûҵúá
ڳ˽һ㶣Ȼ󲻿˼ؿء
Լָ壬¶޹ı顣
ںԼ⾰ǱŻʻ档ֻû뵽һ룬ǵϹֻ;ͣ¡
ʦǽΡ⾰ⳡѹᣬûϵĲʻ棬꣬ⳡ͵ʧһ롣
صǰСʱɣǱ֤ΥԼ
Ϸţ⾰Ѿһ㱡ĳ¶׳šǰȫǲúʪΪ΢졣⣬һˮЦ
֪ӶǵͲһˡ
ذѰ򿪣ĺɫֲȾϣȻ󲻽óëʡ
⾰תͷǰ跿ܿддôҲŪĶͯ
ëʣ߹ȥ
⾰ûһ壺ʲô
һЦһ˲佫ϡ


29 
ػ⾰, ʼЩ䱸Ȼ󿴵ϵëʲô۲㲻ܷɵпǽϣ
ô, ҵС֣˳ӣɣҿ㵽ܻʲô
ƹ, չΣһֱӾ쵽صĽ, ϰ΢ڰ͸ĳ, °ۿ, ģ, ǵȴźĵ
һ, εؿ
˦˦ë϶ϣסļ򣺡òҪ, һ˾Ͳÿˡ
⾰̧ۿϵĶͲǳġ
ɫػҪ, ̧۵ʱ˳Ũܵĳ޻Ƕȴơ
ëļһ㣬һī, عʣղŻϻ
⾰û˵ֻǿζһЦ
صֲһ, ͷһֻаСʱʱ, òҪ˵ˡ
Է⾰˵Ļ, ⾰϶ܰһ߳⡣Ȼ˵仰, ûǡǲǷŭҲáһֿڳʲôĿϷ̬
̧, ˶ӡǿϵĴ, ŵĺͯ
ϵͳԴһ֮, һֱ׼Ҳ̬ȡأûӱϵͳĽֺ¹ѶȼӴڵġ
ϲͣҲҵ²ܡôҵ¡
磬ִܵƨĴǣǷָܲμӸֻܽ۲ʱȦѧ˸ױԼװĻΪԼͿܶԷĹƢ
ʼ˳ŶԷļһ˳£Ŀת
⾰·ͨ΢ףŲŵĴ壬ʦҪϻ־µĻƣȻĺгദ
ؿõ⾰ʱһǾһЧ
ȻصֻǳԵչʾ˷⾰òûзڡϾɲʲôӡġȡ
ڵ·ļ羱һ·ƵţʼɫϸҶƬ̫ɣ·ҶƬš
⾰ָһ飬˵һ׺ʹ۽ޣһͿʼ߸衣
˵ʼ߸ˡʧЦֶߺ߸ûв;͵Ǳˡ
⾰ܵΪÿΪɤʣʱһ¸ӣôֵĿˮ裬ȴΪɫľȥ
ʼĸʱҪľ̸ڣֻǸһһ٣Ȼͷ
Цʣôˣ
⾰һۣƫͷȥź߸裬ֻǲ֪ǲǵƹı仯΢΢Ʈһۡ
̿ϰĴȡ
ʵʵ˵⾰ߵˣȴǱõˡ˫ȡֻ΢΢ţƺޱǿĴڸУҪվǰֻܲϡҪòԱߣ»ó
񻭵ȣ˵ʲôֻԼЩȡ
һȥȴòԾ
ѽ̧
⾰һ٣˫̧̫
ص㲻̧û취㻭
⾰ǽϣϾ쵽ʱ˰ɣû취ĻҲԡΥԼ𾭼˳𡣡
˶ӣǿšüòϣʱ˿̣ʹӢƯҪȥ
ر˱ۣһʱû취ֻö
ֻǸһ£ǰͻȻһ㱻Ʒڵء
⾰һȣȡѡطڻױϡ
ۿʲôһŻ
˵ʲôȴûסЦ
⾰һƣ˿ƹֿ˿ԼȣһʲôٲΥԼ㹤ۡ
ëߣŵһϵĳȣ΢΢һ
Сʱʦ÷մƿš
ǵﲻһ£ʱװ㿪չڼҲòľ롭
δ䣬ŷ⾰ϵĻƣ͵ʧ
⾰пǽϹǿˡײֵƤϿԿ۽ǵӼ羱ʣϥǵףɫұĻơҹɫ¼žɭ֣ǺڰƻĵĹȡ
ףڰյĲҹļžΣںϡȻˡ
÷մʧɵʣ⡢˭ģ
ظ˵⾰Ѿ˳һһǣ⾰ء
ʧЦ÷մеĿͶС㣬ʱǿһ𣿡
ԺؾͳΪ÷մͽܣԷƵ֮·̤졣
ǰģأȻͷ⾰ƵķȻʻĶ̫Զ
ǺܾöûнӴȦӣֻǿʱȦ˾뵽Ǹ˵üġ˵ѾŵýͷöҪһɲˡ
÷⾰ĸ裬ÿϷصĴǰɡ
³һѾ˽β㻹ûлɵõġԷ绰Ǳߴĺǳ⣺ʲôſң
һϽ߹ȥ
ֻǸһվͲ㱻Ӱαһѹ͵ѹڵϥϣƺһ̧ͷ͵Բ𡣡
˵ţߡ
ߵ÷ɿ죬ȴûп͵̧ۡ
һ˲䣬ǳɫͫױıȻӿŴźջء
ôˣϵͳʡ
ջߣû¡
üģ΢ƣҿˡ
ôܴʱڹĸеСʦҸļͥ˰ɡ
ô϶ǸŮ˵Ӱ졣СӵЦǰһڣǷֵӡ⾰ҪרĵϷϡ
񫣬ѹñߵȼһ̡ӸҺֵʱҲô˵ġ
ںڣѾõôĵӰ޷ʱɱһͷ
˵ʲôȴǻ﷢һʧЦ
пǽϣ³һ̡۶t̨ϵʡʱվֶ̨֮õĿ꣬ĵλȴѲмһˡ
ϵͳ˵öԣõ̫ˡλǮԶԶسͬȦеĴ󲿷ǰ
ϵͳȥ͹ȥˣʹʱɱҲ޷ıȥֻҺҵ
˱ۣƿÿɷ
ʵһС
ֻ뵽ϵϷܻܿҪģʽ˷ʱ䡣ֻǸĵƣһ
ģ12
ֻҹɫ
ظϵߵʱ㾪ʧ룬첱Ӵֵغͱֵۡıšü㣬־ҪŤͳȥ
Բ㳡ǲг
㱻Ťһۣгȴоֱһɣƺһɿ
طµ㱣֣󣺡лú˵˭涨ǿԶ߶֡
Ÿ첲˵ĴţЦһ£ҲԼʲô
£ƢٺõܵҲ̲סˣ˵ίصղֻﻹȻ濴һۡͶҷۣһʱ䣬ӡ
ҲЩҲסǵ̨ģغ͹Աĵط֪ǲҪȥϾŻ͵͵ȥ˶ȥˡ
㻹˵ؾͰ෢ϵ󣬲صʱ֮Ĵ綼һ˫ۣǰʱװѹڷֳŵȡ
̧һЦЩӲ˵Ҳվ߰㣬ȥ췽˵أǰࡢӵĽǮҪǡһǸС죬ҵǰҵķ˿Ԥ룬øԼӣ治վڱǰ
ɫһ䣬ʶǰŮʿҲ˼
óֻʲô˼жϣղ˵ĻҶ¼ˡ췽жϵġ㣺ǡǸղŰ˺£˳ҪôҲΪ
ԱߵŮ˸ղŻģصĶˣƵֵƣǰ˻ǰ˴æҪԴΪڸԼһ״
ĺһתʶ֣ظ˦̨һŵķ
ô£
ͷɫѿŮʿ˸ղҪˡˣʲôʲô¼Ͼͺˡһˣʲôԩȥ
ǰͷ˿ȴˣʦ
û뵽һң㿴һЩţۡغͻȻһЦʲôᶼǵĴ
һ㶣˼̧ͷ
ҲЩ⡣һ췽ӦġԴ˲òǶʦòϣ췽֪ҵԭ򡣡
ɫ䣬ֻؿ̨
̨ЩղֻԶ۵ģææµµػ·Ŀת
ظüʣŮʿ֪Ǵ̨ʲô£
ָָģϵ·ҵô
صܺÿ
һЦǰ֪ϲû뵽˿ѡ
һ㶣ͣ㿪ʼʱʵҾͱװԱߣֻûзְˡ
Լ˵ЩԷȫˣصɫ΢졣
΢Цһ֣㲻ú£û˼ֻǾ˵úܶԣҲһʦɡ
һûʲô⣬ΪһԼĺûᣬϽѱڰƸ巢ǣӾһʦ
Σֻֻķϸ壬㲻ǾʹϡӹˣǰԽԽƯ
пյеǹ屦ôû뵽ɳȹڣʻԺںϵôá
ص벻Ļͬ˼άģʽͬˡЩܵͳĻӰĽ½Ӵ֪ʶϵͳǰеʷĻһſǣ嫵
֪˵ѵһЦƸҿʦķ㻭ģǸš
ص
ָ壬̧ͷǽأĸ֪ƷƵʦ𣿡
ҡͷû﹤ԼĹңڷչ׶Ρ
һûȤ﹤Ҷ˼ԼͳĻǳȤ
﹤ֱϵڱĺ£Ӧ£ؾ͵ԲһǴԼһ˴ƴ
һüĲ࿼һ𣿲ҵϰĳɼ˵Ķʦǹ֪ʦ÷
δ䣬ͱ£ϵźԱĻĺź뵱ʦú
ܣллѾõʦˡ
̾о仰ǿŤĹϲ𡣼Ȼ㲻ԸҲû취һǺ㣬ϣԺϵ
˵ţƬһԼģһһİŮʿġ
ĹһڷչУԡϲкܶᡣ
سֿлδϲгһֱţaǵ̫̫ȦҲֻСС֣ǲĺȦһץλᡣ
ϢƬʣ㻹һֽģ
صͷĸֶԡĺزͬһˡ
˽⣺Ҫأҵʵһ졣
˴ã˸
ʦͦá
صͷʵʦôæؽ뻪гΪͬΪߵȿʼŻгMǱҲҪʱĻȨ
ǻһ󵰸ء
ΣʹƵģʱʲôʱ򻪹ʱпԲ⣬򵰸ġǲʤ
Ƭսȭͷ
ֻһԽδš˾񣺡ˣҪǶ졣
ϣصƵꡣ
ұߵķͱһšߡˣߵķҲˣվ̨ơƣͻȻеЩį
˿ֻԷһȦƺڿᡣ½·һźȲƬƺʡ
ָ½µͷһΣ̾һ
̧ͷƫԲһӣͻȻǺͷ⾰ֵӡ
ֵַöˣָرǲˣغһھơ
ƨϾʲôûҵҪƲƲǡ
뵽ϱ˯컹һҪǩء
ڶһ磬ؾҲǽռعҲظߣһǲǮͷĵؽȥ
ʮ㻹һСʱڰ̽ͷȥ¥£ͻȻһͳЦ
ܣ̸ú죬ڴ´μ档
һüһͷͿڵİԺһȺ˴߳棬·ԴǺ͵ϲų̸ֵܸ飬ͷһڣȴͻȻһ㶡
һ̧ͷͺۡ


30 
һ㶡ô
ԷҲ΢΢һ, ŵɴ۵أٿǰļܣһͰظק˳
һ, һľߵߡ
ǰ漸˲ͷص֣ɫȻ͸λ¥
˵صһתҪ˵ʱŮ˸ϸ, ǺӼŵܲһȹ, ΢ЦܻҪҪ, ǼϼһҲﰭˣϽȥɡ
ʣ¼˲ŷӦ, Ͻֹ͡
Լ֣ؽϳŻص¥
ҿһ, Һ, ϡ٣ҪȻĵһ˸ô졣֪ԼСӰӰ쵽ԿɾͲһˡ
¥߿ôô̸飿
ԽŲһ, 治ɫصгѶãҲû뵽Ҳ
ع۲һɫ, ԼıϿʲôֻա
ղôĴԷҲΪҪԼһ׵ظıַطԼЩ, ҲΪϵͳ˵ǸͷԭκһͻȻǰ˵оġ
¥, صԵİᡣؿһʱ, ߴ˵ʱһ, Ծ͸һ, ȻһЩģ
ô
صոսӴһ飬ҪܲܽеĵӣǾԼڽ졣
ʵѾ˰ٷ֮ʮİգ˵һǡ
һҾҪȥڣȲõ㶫ˡ
˵꣬ûԴһ̧ͷɵһ㶡
Էͫ䣬ӯżĹѵó
㿴Ҹʲô
Եٿôġ
ֹǿģü۽Ƕڲزס˷ܣƽβסĵ⡣
һ죺Ȼİ豭һܰԼϲҵһôֵø˵¡
Եһͷ˵öԡ
Ȼȴ޷ָоҵǾ̣ĿҲǾ̣뱲ӵһжǾ̡·ϵͳһֻᾭ̵Ļ˻еؿᡢıߡǮ֮⣬ƺ塣
ȤûУ̸ϲ顣
ȻܵǮȤǸ졭
̧ۣͳɫ΢΢ỺЩ궬죬ҺһʱҾ͸ÿԷװȤ
ضʱһ㶡
ʱ򣬰ѩҴķһı⡣
һ磬شƾɵް߶µظֻιʳͻȻĺվͷȥԶԶؾͿһʻ
ǵƼңſڡ
Ƭ̣ӳһŴµ꣬ŷ㶵أʲôû˵ֻǰѻëëתͽҵ
ԺԾסˡزԣҸĸ裬޲ðԵ̫ϻʹš
Ϊݵԭ˺ܶʳ·رǸأСе·УСûе·С
˾͹˰Լϳ
ɰѸڵƼҲˣֻܹŰζűı
Ϊʲôûֱ˵绰˵лǼҶӵչˡڳĲģɢɢ˳Ҳá
ƿزסӾӵ»ԼҪȥԵı飬ԷϲʲôӶԷÿһ޽ٵһٳ뷹жϣƺûеִ
˺ôĸڲصġʥĸġԹˣɵúãôĴүؼ
ϵͳҲĿɿڴַ֪·ת
иӣվ˺ߡ磬ϵ·ϴλëǮòװߣôֻ˰
û˵ֻг
¼򣺡Ҳ̫ˣ͹
ԱĵһΣص֣ûܱȥҲȥĵط
ʶϴأֻһ룬ϴǸǡơǡƭ
Ե˼ǡ̧ͷȴѾתˡëëԶԶشӴܳӭȻִߴƵس
زɵһЦ
ٵʱٸҲóԺˡֻĸϾǿӹ˵ģøԶֻ֪ԿɲСǳϼп죬һҪȥ档
Ĵ棬  ֣ĸ¿˼ӶȥС
ؿĸһ˰̫æǾ͸Ͻ֡߳ţҲҪţִһʲô
ĸû취ֻôƿϽ֡
عΣؿɵһѱͦñֱǾ硣
ڵϣذĸװĸ׸ߺȣΪȴΪ̫࣬ǼҲûռϺõط޼
ĸʱ򣬻ԴǸĴóһӱѹֽУȻѶװȥóдһж3Ԫ
ĸˣӣһӲʮǮһӾ3ԪҲ̫ˣвС
˵ţҪѶ浹ֻû뵽Ƭ̾Źӻƹж飿
ޱصԼҵ棬ȻȾûӼ
ǸʲôӼĵλ翴˵ģҲ̽ˡ
еһ˾еڶˣһҵͱ⡣԰ǮȫĸʱĸѾˡ
ҲĿɿڴͻʲôϵͳ
ϵͳҲǲͬġϵͳǵԴǳʱġδ𡣡
ء²ۡЩȵؿԡ
μ֮Уĸеӣ׬˶ʮǮĵóǮأ㻨ȻóǮԥصݸԡ
ûж˼ҲȱǮĸεջȥۼֿ˹Ե
ڵ˿й䣬ؿĸֺ컨ҶްƲƲ졣
ߵߣ㲻ϲ
صÿ
ԿϵްüʲôҲÿʹҸģǲӡųԽʱлִŵúܡ
Բ˵ˡɫѼޱӲҪһ·ҿ϶Ҫȹӡ
ϰһЦСѾͷǱܷ·
ȴ첻ܴȹӡ
˭˵첻ܴȹӣطۡ
룬ͳʮԪǮⱻҪˡ
ؾˣϽǮȻ֪ôҼҸ鷳ɣǮó
Կ˿ԼǮڶǮһθ˿ں죬һλûüȥ
ݹȥشԼ飬˰˴Ǻ«ץŻؼҲڴ̨һȦ˴Сһź˷ˡ
ʱ˾ãǼǺ«˵һꡣ
ζƺȻ
ػ񣺡ʱҵҲһ˵ʵԷװȤڡڶ硣
۽ޣȻһЦ뿪֮󡣡
Ժһڲ裬Ų豭ָ΢ס
ڵܺá
ҵȻܺáһЦҾԼϲҵ֮رгɾ͸С
˵ţ뵽ȥ뵽ԼٵЩӵüģԡûվͬλþ޷ͬܡ顢ҵƽԹһ⡣ȻûеǸزƺҲ΢㵱ġ
أصĻû˵꣬͵رϡ
һ㶡ĺһƺ̸ôΣաĻ⡣صűԹģȻƽǰΪšͬǱʲô˲
ЩһԿͻҪ񡣡Ƹһ㡣
˵ţͻȻоθԼȫɵһü
ţС㣬ڰˡ
ظϽվԣһỹ𣿻Ҫ𣿡
һȭɫ糣صһͷ
صǺáҿܾܺöҪǵҾͲܴңһ
ȻвĻΪھ溢ͯһŽǿһЦ
سݣߣڿ˶ã
ߵ
صͷлл
һǽϵľһװȻŶ롣
һݣͿһټİšñӿɫκ֮Ŀ϶˵̫ƣһȳһеͷҰ׵ָһȲ衣
岻ôãȺܳ
Է̫֮Ųۣһһ߰Ҳ̫ˣǼһ˾ֱ졣ʵбôõ𣬻ˣ
ЩɣռϷ硣
ڽĶ棬΢΢һЦԲʱˡ
䣬͸о˺˲һ͡
ͷĵԽԽԷı飬ɵ΢΢ǰЩ
֪Լʲô⣬ֽ˶ԷһۿɼػһɶԷѲ豭顣
Īأ˲õԤСȻϢĳĬУ˻̧ͷ
ñ£ϾɵĵϵӰĻµڵƹ¶
խ򦣬΢ϸͦı˫˭ǵĵɫͫףһһӳصͫ
˵ǰһĻصĳȻѾΣصĴԻ崻ˡ
ȻԷݱ˲٣ȻԷźǵ͵ǰѶԷͼŶϺš
Ƿ⾰ǵǸֳƨĴǷ⾰
ô֣ϴʱûжԷ֣
⾰⾰
ְֻڣֻң޴ĳƺĴԶԣζá
ϵͳо飬Ͻܣ
ŶԷҪճ̿һĿ⣬ض߶µعһ裬͵תߡ
ûü˵һ˲ߣһ־Ͱק顱һǽϡ
صһһûдȽ⾰Ϳ˹۽Ƿ죬ϤɳƣأȻ㡭
ŶԷ°ϵ磬Сĵſκŵʱ̣ȴƲס飺
1⾰ˣҲǼǸƯƯĻѪСˡ
2Һã


31 
˵ƨķ⾰, Ͳò˵ĵһμ档
ʱϵͳһ⾰ݣ˵ݿԺͷ⾰Ϧദںͷ⾰ؽ顣زϣٲҵĵһҲûиɹź˵Ļ
ϵͳ, ˵ɵúþͻɾ, ȻͿڷ⾰ͷ
ǿӦ
˴ȥ⾰·, һظԤ룬˵⾰ֿȵǣܷ˿͹ϲô죬ò㳪֮, һŵ, Ǿǡиԡȫ̹һ, ָӡ
ܳΪǵģĸи, ȻԡܳΪƵģ˵˲һġԡ
ذ˾仰򲻳һƨԺһ仰ʮ˼½¶°ܽ, һʲôµġ
Ȼһ, ͱˡ
˴mvƬúԶͿֳ֣ȵӰƬ
⾰ڵֶһ, ڹżȦϲһ⾰Ϊ浣һʱרmvֻǼͷ, ֳơ豸ͶʿȴƬ
һȥ, ʵϸ, ȺΧмľǼӦþǡ
ڷŷ˯, л, еȴױĸкŮԱƴڻġ
ÿ˶ͬŷһʱҲ⾰
ˡһǰһ˸Ŵ˯㣬һͷþµĺڷɢҵ⣬һֱѹͷ£ָⱻѹͨ죬һָĸָѩĺ÷ظ
°ȫڴֻ¶һڸͦıźһһͷҵֳССķž
Ҳ֣صظأ˯ʱһҪᷢ𡣡
صŶ
һߣϸϸ˸ע⾰ϲȶٶȵˮϲʲôɫ·ϲʲôʱ𴲣ϲʲôʱ乤ܽǡ⾰ϲáɴȫ
ҶֻһۡǸ±ơ
ҪҪ죬ʵڵȲ÷⾰ˣغúøɣˡ
ˡʣµļǿƺҲ֪ظкȻʼְܼ컹һСʱ
һëСǿվڷ⣬͸һɡ
Ƭ̣˵Ҫķ⾰ľͷСͬؿһأĵص˵ǵһϤƳٸʮӽġ
صұ֤׼ʱ
ѵǸ˽ֹһͷˡ
ػͷ˯ķ⾰ϵͳҪᣬغ
δ䣬˲ƿ˷⾰·ɻˡ
ϵͳ
顱һ⾰͵ײ˳
תͷأŨױڲزס䣬ر˫Ҫǳӣһ˲˱
˭
ػû˵Ϊŷ֣ڸεĴ£һ˫ΪĻҪȣһ֧һֱ쵽ʻȥ
˵ȳףֱ졣
գգۣ
ģ
ǡ
⾰һƿˮͷڣطһӣˡ
ؽסˮƿЩز
ϵͳˣ㲻ҵĻˣ
ʣ
㣬⾰Ƣܻϳϴ󡣡
ƢƨƢر𻵡زϴһɨƬȥȥĻױʦһ
⾰㲻ܿҡ
ס⾰³ͣסŲǰЩ޿ףЦžǰߡ
زشӰͳԼѾǹ˾ǩԼ㲻ΪС¿ҡҾȥͶٲͶ㡣
⾰
һ̫ͻȻ˶ɴ˫ۡ
⾰عЦԼô֪ҺǩʲôԼ
ؽǺ͹˾ǺǿԼְ߷ش󣬷㲻ܿҡ˵ţԶĿɿڴĽëǵҾ㳤Ҳҿǿ
ֳĿˡ
⾰͵̧ۣ˵ڿײƬֳ̣ܹղԣôǣ
û¡⾰¶һЦҾҪҵú̸̸
ֱҧгݡ
ϵͳˣҲУ
⾰֪һǲҡ
ػ񣬷⾰ĺĶߣյʣȴɳ֮ҵһ˿ɫ
ģأˣ
غӣ⾰Ҳ𣿡
˱ۣҴ˸ա
뵽⾰£ɵûȻ
ֻԼ顰⾰ֻһ񡣴ʱĪ뵽ڷɻϿĸչΣҲ̫ˣط˾衣
ټİĶССһ磬/-/ƺղźȵĲ趼ҾƣӺڹǻž㵡ŭԻɵĻյôԶ˻ҵŢ
زͷһû뵽㡭
Ҳû뵽⾰ǽؿҪÿһ׶ӡԺȥ
ΪֻǼһͨʦû뵽㡣Ϊڹ⣬û뵽ǡ˸أ⵽ô£
󣺡
Ϊ˲øڵ
ʲôô֪Ϊ˲ֱ˫ŷ棺ʲôҶܸܵ
ĺһ¶ӵı飺Ҿ֪ҿǼ۵ʱԣֻܶҵӰ졣Ӧ뵽۵ʦ㡣Ȼȴɱ۾
ĺľ࣬ڰ̾ջ
صĺһ֪кܶɻȷš
һЦôܡ˵Һ˽㡣ֻҪҷͻܵΪʲôҪǣ
ĽȻҲֻܰ½ͣΪ˹
ü᲻֪ʱɱң
ҲЦԷǣְǽϣһְŶԷļȻʹҲоҡҡ׹ڸ߶Ƚšھ˫У˵Ҳ𵴣Ҳ֪Ҳ֪ǽҸ֪Ҳǣ֪Ϊʲôطꣿ
仰Խ˵Խߣʶø͵ջһ֣Ȼֹ
ʹһ֣ҲӰ仰˼ɫ͵һ䣬סƣָһһز--ָ죺˵һжɺϣ
ɳƵЦɺ𣿡
ظоѣĺ׽ǽڣ͸Եİһǽ֮һ뵽·ǽڵĦ--һ
ʹ֪ĸãҲ¶Էʲô
ϾԼʱǸĺ«һκ΢С
һӦһ߻Ҫ۲۲ſڣ߻ʲô˻ͻȻڼʱ䣬һʱ̫ԸòΪʲô¾ͻȻɣ
һǽϵӱΪĶ꣬ԭֻǹȥʮӡ
ʧ񣬽ɫһ䣬أҡʲôڱŵɣ
ҹŲţػֱȥҧĶһڡ
ƺһʱѪ
ʹʹָҲû˿ɡسʧһţײϣ顱һĲ豭͵صķѡ
һѾܵסˣнŲ
ص亹ʱˣ˼ҪԼǰѽʱһŮҪǴɨ𣿡
͵һ
ײɫף˵ؾ͵ҲСģˣ
Ƭ̣ߵĽŲԶػعŷԼŵòѡ
-µĽԷֱֻۣôŴڲ˵ЩģǺǰ̸ģϽſң
ǰѡͫһָʱһɡ˳ڵϣȴ
ʦģǰŮءԱǸַ⾰ϣǰ飬Ǵ·죬һߡ
ɫۿɼرˣץסص֣Ҳ˭ߡ
ػͷҪŭѹɤҪֵģŲߣв
ĿƵؿϵѪӶʵۡȻˣסθЦ͵Ҳ˰ɡ
صĺһǿԼƿߡ
вԼȥΣûҩ
䣬͵ϣθƺ
һɫʵڷǿʣôˣ
һֵͷֻһ˲ؾƺγͫһˮû¡ֻûгԷˡ
ʹҧҲβĲ
ϻ΢ľζӦòֹûԷǻ˾ơ
ر˱ۣԼԷһԱѾӰˣϷƭˡȻѾͷ˵ˣֻ޳Ĵڵذشš
ôߵĸӣֻһСšôûݵòӡ
һҸȻ
ҧҡͷҲ߱
Ҫñ֪ǽ϶ֲֻ鷳¡
ΣҸ˺绰
̧ͷлްһ޼ʵĺڣżڴһ̽ס
صָڹ˺סˣ˶ǻص˵һμһ죬һ̽һ˭ȼֲס¶
һΣ̽ıе˱
һ䣬޹ϸ
һȥҽԵǺ½һ޾鷳
ر˱ۣɴఴ¹˺֡
ɫһ䣬͵ǰֻݺݵؽϣ㻹ñ˴ߡ
صҾ֪װ
ֿ԰׵촽һЦǣװģһܴ㡣
ɫһ䣬ô϶ᾪڵԣһˣ
뵽ǿ򶨣Ҫߣ
㲻ʦѵ㲻¾ж
ϸ˼ҵһ⡣
°ѸҵһӰ죬Ȼ⼸˵ĳ֣ԽԽѲӰˡ
УҸߡҲϣ˿Һһһ𡣡
ؿƺڿе١
صһ൱ںͬ㷴ڻҳ£ҪȻҾԲΥ
һ京ͻĻýɫӵֹһȥ¥µ㡣
ɿ¥
ԶԶأʧߣûлһͷ
˫ȻصڰᣬһԻ̧ۡ
ͫƺʲôܿʧ
̸ˣ
صͷˡҺˣҪȥˡ
Ե㡣
ظϽòãԼԡ
Եͷվߵصߣ̧һķ˿߰ɡ
ŪŪ΢΢ҵͷ³һ
ϳСʯĳ
СʯһͷС㣬ǡ
صġ
һۣ˵ʲôȴһ
صװˡ
Цһ£ȻմѪ̯


32 
ظϽСʯתͷ, ǰҽԺ
ȫüͷǽ˵ղŵذϵѪ֮ûƵ˯ȥˡ
ҽԺ»ý𶯣Ͻ-绰-˵һСҽԺĵַ, СʯϽ䡣
һ·Сʯŵò, һ, ˵һʲôҲɵͷˣŸ찡ôôù
ס, СʯҪ˵Ƭ, üͷɣû, ֻθѪ
Сʯһͣô֪
صҾ֪
СʯϽ·, ҽԺҽȻ˵ûʲô£ֻǳֻȾƲ緹¼θճĤѪͺˡ
Сʯһع񶼿ˡͷأһݣС, ˵׼Ҫȫ侲ָ, 治֪ôˡ
ؿżʹ˯ȥҲҪסԼĽ, ֪뵽ʲôɫһ˲侲, ôܵһأ
˯ŵĽ, ʱȴһǡ
ڼ-һΣˡһֱҪؼҡغСʯֲ, ֻðͻȥ
ǽҲСҡ, ؿƬ֮һ
ɽʱ, ѾڡӽȥСƵ￴ǵâȫ°Ĺ⡣ղ֪ʱϸ, ·ƵĹҲʡ
˱, ɳһ̱, ڰСʯϽߡ
СʯأС㣬ͻȻҲû뵽鷳һʮֱǸȥ
ص鷳ˡ
תҪߣոɳϻĽ͵һۣСʯҵ
Сʯԣʶػأҡ
ۣüϽߡ
С㡭
ܡͻȻӴ
Сʯŵһ£Ϊغͽ֮ʲôìܣ뵽ǸƢСʯһร˳ȥ
ʱټıֻʣͽˡ
ķˣź˵ķһشǰʮһ޼ʵİһԨ޿ڼһС
ȻƻͨıʱǾķ᧿ΣȴҲһΪİȫС
ھƵﰵԺһҪԼһû뵽ôͽķʽ
ɳϱۣƹɫ԰׵ҪһĽظһˮ
ӦҽԺ۲졣
ӹˣǿܵҽԺҲ©ʱֲǲ֪ЩɵXýжෳˡ
ذһǵһ-ôСġǵʱ򣬲˵˿˵ýҲڻҪôС΢Ҳпԭ
صҪڼúϢˡ
³һôʱϢȫ鶼ҸϽȡ
΢΢ͷüͷ΢塣ôߵĸӵȴΪɳϼҪݽȥ ؿǿźͼǸĴǶϡ
һˮڶ档
룬Ż㱣㵱˵ҪΪĸֺԱôԼŪӡ
ΣôɳƣЩ˿֪˲֪۳ʲô
ۣ
˫۾ǰôֶ˺ܶ
γɫȴ񺣡ʲôû˵ȴʲô˵ˡ
һôʱʲôûˣ̾Ϣ
Լվȴ£ֻ÷ñݿơ
£Ȼɫģôֱ·
ذͻط䡣óʱĻʱ䲻õģܰҶһŵζһܣģʽļҾʲôûзţֻһŵľơ
֪ΪʲôԼŪˡ
ڴϣ΢΢̧ۣʲôûУֻоơֻίһˡ
ػͷֲǲܺȾƵ𣿡
ʲôû˵ֻһЦ
ԷѾֻǸˣһԱһڹո¶ͷǵԱԱҪ޽ɣȾƳ̶ҪɻǻʲôϷ
ǰҲҺȾơҾϰ壬˭ҹҡ
ھƹϣͷĵҲסҹɫͻϮ
ĽǷ⾰ʱ򣬿ν޷졣˾ϵľˡûа취
Ⱦڹ˾һ£ǶЩɤӵ˵һϳ˵mvʱҪһ£οǷ⾰ڵĶš
mvڼ䣬س˷⾰Դ˵һμ֮ͰһҪҲ磬ðر֪ѶԼְá
֪ԸԽöԷԽǵűǲȡвҲķζԷô̱һöԷȭͷ޻
ֱһϣ˲μʢ䣬һףӹ˾͵װȥֱߵտ̯
Ҫͷ⾰г̡һŷڣʣµ˶ڡ
ûżֱӴ򳵲ʮӾ͵տֵ̯ʱ˷⾰ʣµ˶ˡ
һʣҿôҵģ
صµġϷ˵տ̯óԡ
ǸȾɽ𷢵ǡ
ʱʣµ˶˷˼˵Ҿһ̾㵱ʱڸ绻·ôͼסˡ
صһĶðˡ
⾰˿ɫ΢ķֿ˿ޱأЦŸԼһơƣʲôôС棿
ʲôû˵ǰƬȻŵԱߣԼһƣȻкϰӡ
ˣſҲǲҲǣСأô¡㲻ߡˣ
غһھƣߣһ⴮סһųʮܾöûпʱˣ˵Կ
е£ŵ
ΪҵΣΪ˾ҵ񣬴Сҵҿܲ𣿡
˲㱻ơǺ
⾰žƱЦ㵽ҵǡ
ذļǹ˾˵ţ˿вʮӡͻȰǸϽԡץȣҲһˡ
⾰
⾰ޱؿһڰһǣ΢΢һЦ
Ƶĵƹ£ɫΪˮ󣬱ǻȻ۽΢̴ŵǰǸЦСˡ
⾰ɵһ
ôһ˵˭ԣһտԵǶͷһ
ǼֻؿԼơƺͿطƵسԹ⡣
Σش˸áһʱ䣬ˡ
Ǳˮӣͷɥһ͸ˣָÿҹʿҼˣ
ʣҲڰұͲļڰ챻ûˣ
⾰غ棬˫ֲŶ֪ʲôȻһװһ²֪һվرۣѾСۼֻ͵ˡ
ؽ⳵˴ͷɥЦҵֻǷѣ͵֤ݻûüŮʿǹԹϳҲܰҲһ
һǴ˼ѪһһǰһӵСҲ̫ˣҾ֪㲻ô飡
⾰üͷһ壺Ǹأһͷҿɲһˣ
ڨڨջֵ֣˳
⾰һϣ⾰ЩѬȻЩĲһǣ
㻹ʶģΪ˲ҾȻûС档°ͣһôϣԲ𴲡
˵Ҳ֪һ¡
̿óֻûôġ͵͵ȵ֤ݶҵֻϣֻҪҲʱԸߺŮʿҼǵļֻʣ˰ɣ֪ûеÿۡ
⾰𾪵ؿػӡ
ΣɫãҧЦԸߡҲؼҡ
δ䣬ص۾һ˲Եļϡ
⾰һȻ˾ȶȵĺھָ࣬һĪ˻ȥ
ǰŵ˾ͶĿ⣬ʲôû˺𣿿ĳ
˵һһϻĴţ³һǴϰˣû˹ҪԼչ˺Լ
֪ϵͳԴͽŬڲֻһԱڹո¶ͷǵģ϶ҲԼʱ
ڿƴ嶼ƿأҲĸӰҵĻBOSSشСǣҲ˷Լͬġ
һЦǣµľˣҲµ
ش£ѾˣϽ˯ɣڿ½ҡ
ʱסڡ
ع˵ơڶʱֻشǰɫǹ⡣תͱץסɤӵˡȲùңȥͷ˯ɡ
˵ţšüθʪ
ҹɫ£ڱµɢ¶˳Ĳָȴ÷ס
صĺһʱĺ˲Ĵһһ㣬һһεطӿشҵ㣬ź˵һ
İһ񣬵Ҹ㵱ָ㵱ˣΪݼƭң
һЦûбǱ΢΢һɤðɣ֪˵ʲôܴ㡣һһʽ㲻̸ȥǿ̸һҵ֪ԼҲҪֻۣǶȫƶȤΪ¾ĵӣһ׼˺ܶ໰ʲôھ˵ɡ
ص˵Ҳü
ҡͷ˽ңҲ˽㡣ͻܵȥȥĸУȥ㣿
һҪ˵ʲôȴôʱ˿޴˵
εʱ̸ҵҺѲġ
ЦΪһʲô㣿
üΪʲô£ֿʱҲûþĻɣ
ʱȻֿʱȷʵ˺ܳȻ˵ڵʱصıƽûһ㷴ûӰ
ͶԷȣԼһݵǰΡ
ĺأر˱ۣҿ԰Ѹҵֵúܿ㲻ᡣԥƷжϣǶӰĲҲǶԷװ¡Ҳⵥˡ
˵꣬תͳš
ʶȥ
óֻСˣСʯչ㡣˳һؼҡ
¶һЦαô鷳
һ٣һḶǮġ
صСƵ꣬س˸ˮ衣
ϵͳЩŲ¡
غܳʵصͷǡҺŲ¡ǴҲͷˣʹϰҲı䲻˻ǱʵֻҺͬǣҷöˣںƽء
ϵͳԲۣ
һͷžģԼԼƬ³һ
ұҪ˯þܽ󵥡
Ǹ黹ˣܵסĽŲ


33 
ڶһ, ϴ˸ˮ֮˸ױһ߼ס
㿴Щ뵡ɫ, ʣ첻ȥǸʲôȥôҹŻͶԷ̸ôҲ˵, һֵط
һüģ, һѾ
˵ţóƬܵĹ˿͡˵һŮʿ, Ůʿ³Ƶĸ߼Ա, Ϊ۹ߺѡǵ·һβ֪ͻȻҪĶƿ, ֻѾ˽˶, ûŮʿϲ·ֻðͻܸǡ
뵽绰ɲ꣬ظоεĵӦе鷳
Ǹʲôôôһͻ
Ƭûа׳ԵͣڸһᣬҲһ顣Ϊһ֪ʦΪҵָͶһʣ
ô·ۻôడ
صȦӾġʱ䲻ˣ߰ɡ
ͷ¥
Ҫ֮ǰصֻһ졣
ԭԣҪ뿪ǣܼܲһ档
ػأǾ12ɡ֮ʹҴҵعҶ˵绰
һŮʿҵš
, ű, 滹һդͷùɫŮʿһࣺ˭
Ůʿ, Ǹʲô·ģ
Ůʿ´, ŰŴ򿪣ɡ
Ь, ػһȦӡڵļҾߴľƣ̴ơһǽϰڷŹһǽϰڷŸֽ
һֻСССɤŲСһֱ˺С
С³Сö£˶ԷذֻСһۡ
Сһ£ʵˡ
ߣ˵ˮŮʿȻͻȻֿǣģ
ͷǻм١
Ůʿ͵ޱ飺ɣҰǮǡ·Ҳˣھ߰ɡ
һ㶣⻹ûüô͸أûż̧ʣŮʿҿһԭ𣿡
ûԭ򡣡
ôһ˵طȻ£Цǻǲ˼֮У֮¡ǴӦĵӣ;Բܡñ֪ˣǹҵɾͶûˡ
Ҳ˵ġŮʿЩͷҲһ·ǸϽ߰ɡ
˵Щżⲻ̲סһȭ
صһ裬ƸŮʿԼ˷װңʱڡԼ˲ļˡһ˫ƤЬĺۼֲ࣬ҲһӣӰη񣿡
Ůʿһ㶣ʱһۣСͦʹ
һЦҿϵĸֽĶӿ϶ҲǴһҵİɡôôһ·Ǯ
ϸ˭ؿԼĶӣŮʿ̲סֹһ䡣˵־Լ˵⻰͵ؿһۣ˵ͲǸϽ߰ɣٲ𶼲ǡ
˵꣬⣬Ҫ޲޵תͷ
غһۣ֪²ǿֻúŮʿ
ſڣƺǾ鷳ŮʿЦ˺üͻأʼվûзȥ
¥£Ըɵ㶼Щô˽йֲˣǰһˡ
Ҳû취¡˫ֲ嶵³һʦֲʦ̫̫ܲܺһȹڼӰɡ
ʣΪʲôͻȻǸ߰
ؿ˿¥ϣ뵽˰ɡĶӿ϶ڼңǾ뻨ǮԽǻǮԽеĿ顣
ǵȻǮֲһС
ͻȻһ㶣ǮĲһ
ͻȻ¥ϣ͵ʲôɫһ䣺㣬¥
һôˣ
س¥æȥŮʿҵšû˿ţֻҵ˵˵ҵԱڳ¿šŮʿɳϣһͷ
ҵģ˭㿪Ҽҵˣ
һ̾ղŻ鷳ĹԱѣˣϽҽԺ
͵ҽԺһԹǰףҿֵ磬Ҫ˿ɾˡ
ŮʿڴϢصŮôĹˣŮʿĲѾкܳʱˡ
̲סСֹǸ׷ǹʣҪͲˡ
ҽһһ㶣ôԾģѧҽģ
صҲǺ֪ܿأʱʱЦҿЦȻҾͲԴëҲѧҽģֻԶ
⣺Ӷöˡ
ҽҩѣŮʿֻҵӡĺȥԷʮ֪꣬ԼסԺûػ˵ͳ˹
عˣص˾Ƶꡣ
㿴СľƵ꣬ҰοһȻûǮ˲ǮǾһҲͦá
عһǣҾ֪㶮ҡ
㿴һʱ䣺ʮˣȥԷɡ
صͷֻǸյ㵽һͻȻ뵽ʲôɫ͵رˣҿܸԲϷˣһˣ
˵ţתܡ
ôżӣͷԣܵôżѵ˭ˣ
վڰſڣſڴһֱϰ壬ػԼҵϰ岡ˡ
Ƿ˼Ƿ˾񲡡
ڲﵢһʱ䣬㵼ĻϲϣۿҪȥĪڲһ硣ԤУζǺǸصŮйء
˿̲סԵܣʱҪˣٲ߾ˡ
ûлͷƳ١
һҭ޻˵ֻⱧԹ̳ô꣬ĸȵġ
ԿһۣϽ졣
ͷ¥µĳˮĿİ
ȷʵ˵ȴһ顣
ԸܲóȴڱĸƵҴʱֻҪĵһ£ĸ϶Ϊ̫װӻȥȻһ̶ȲˣǧټҹɽҪȥ
صİ³ɹصң׺Ǹĸһܣ׼飬ڶԷСջ˼
ʱ⣬ֻΪʲôֵû˪Ϊʲôﾫµķûķ㣬Ϊʲôô
ĵȴ˵ǵȴ˵ڴԼҲϵڴֱ죬ĸֹ̬ȣҪƳȥ
ڸ׿֮ǰѾڣҴ塣
˳ˮ۵أֱͻǸСӡԶԶأһ˵СʱĿ
һ
ٺǷֱֿطꡣ
Ի̧ۣطϲġ⧲ģΪὫθǴڸڵȵǶʮӣͽԷٳٲԼʯ΢һ˿仯
ȴһһ붼ʱ⣬ûںֻǲˮ΢΢һ͵ָ⣬ֻһ˲Ʊקһռ䡣
ǸϤıÿһĵطʱľͷһССӰɳϣĿȻһʶ뵽ǰҲôԼ
뷨ԨԽԽ˵קߣǿԼ
Լڷ죬̶ЩȻɫɡӡǱԼ졣Բǲ֪صĲԾֻԤУԷһ㱡ıûƿһ֮ǰܴơ
ܡСˡ
˲
شŴһֳڰῴҡˡ
û¡ţæĻԲ
Ӧ˵¾Ҫعһ裺Ҳûкæֻ;ͻȻ⡣
һ˵ԭɣ˵Ҳϸȴûн˵ʣˣг̣
Ե롣
һʱ䣺ǿˣ
˽˷ɻ뺽ߣȻ鷳ЩҲ㣬鷳Ʒᣬòȥ
ԵҺ˵仰ߡ
صʲô˵ġûԷòУȳһ˵ӣҾͻȥˡ
Կı飺˳𣿡
ص˳
ءûԱ飬˫һ֪ʲôҡ
صָһͣͷ̧ͷʲô𣿡
˶ӣڳͫ￴׵ޣҲһ޹Լ
Ĭ֮ӣ¥µиڵİһ˲ֱϵ붼Ǵ𶯡
Ƕ֪Էʵĺصʲôȷ᲻õеĴ𰸡
Σȴһ²裺ûСֻǿЩۡ
ջߣûԶ٣һˮӦõġ㵱ҵʱ۵ÿҪѪһ˶ʮʱ۵һ춼ԲһڷҲͦ𣿡
һЦиջֻʱġ
˵ĶȷĻĻȴüͷ
̫Ծˣϴڲ˵ֲõĸоϮͷ˵䣬ԿعӣȻ͹ȥԼغϡ
˲񣬳ڣѹ̫ء
ؿһЦʱס촽
ݡʸ˵仰ʱʲôûС
㣬Ҵææص绹ҪȥٵʱˡҲ飬ҵĻԤԼ
˵ţߡ
˰ᣬصſڣһͷ
صıӰٿԳĬĲһ¡ôˣ
ش򳵣صƵꡣ·ϵͳ̲ס
̡
ҲԼЩУüģҲ˰ɡ
ϵͳ̾̾һеѧҲģ
ڵĸǰΪԼĿ겻ܲˣͬħ
ЦҺôһŬΪΪ롣תͷֹûΪҵ˭ؿշ
㻹⡣
ͷڳ⳵ϣͲˡֻиҪǲҹֲ໥ֶԷҵǿǿ̸̸ġ--顣
ϵͳ
޻˵ղŻ
һЦ
ʵϵͳ˵öԣҲԼǼ˵ԽԽ
ŬֻΪ룬ΪһΪ˰Ӣӳ׼һ䣺Ұ֡ҲΪ˶ҪӵĶ⡣ΪǰĲ׵Լ
ǮΪ˻׼ңǮҲΪ֮ء
Ҳ֪ʲôʱϵͳ̾Ϣ֪ıǣǸı㡣
ĸıʵһֱмѭϱһֱһ˵һ类ʵڶ类֪ʶ˵硭
ؿ⣬̳ǵʾһ˺þõ֣¸µĽţӰڣΪίϯ
̾ʵǽĸ˵ƺˡ
Ǹӡĵڶ졣
һȥɽmvͻȻϸꡣòȫɽֻϸ·֮ʣݲǴҪһ
һǷ⾰mvŮжӵĻ棬Ǻܼ򵥵ľͷǸŮȴֹסЦ
ЩͷǻǮĵСҲˡû뵽ȷѵȴǷ⾰
ˤñӣŮùѪͷһ˵ҵһ˵ûݼ˼һ˵滨ֹ꣬סؿޡ
֪⾰ƢﰵˬϻΪŮ˵û
˷⾰ܾõĹԱŮǿ޵úܲң̲סһmvбҪô棿浱ԼӰ۰
⾰͵̧ͷԱŵһ£ɽ·Ϲȥ
ۿĲˣǾ˵ġԸ£Ůǲ˲Ჹױȥˡ
ԭϢֻת˲֮û˷⾰Ӱ
Ҫң˵⾰鲻һͻġ
ôˣֹֻ˵Ϊ£زҪʡ
ؿԽԽ󣬲ĶԷ˳С·Ѱҡɽսҵ˶ʯԵķ⾰
ͷȫʪˣˮ˳һһķ˿ڸͦıϡ촽΢ףƺγͫ׶
Ųʵҵĸǡ
ôȰ㲻Ҫɿ顣ذë̺ϣʵҵĹ±㳤ҪҪ
⾰˼صαս͡
ؿԱ̿
ŭΣɵһ£û뵽ɽ·˲͹ȥ⾰ʶסѩһɽ¡


34 
ɽϹ, վǱͱƵĸ׵ףһ˲¡
ػججط㱻ұ, Ǻһˮȵ
Աߵķ⾰³һˮܿվ̧ͷһ, ˹ɽ, һŢҺý, ֻһˡ·һ, ֻҲ֪˦ȥˡ
ô, Ǳҳ·⾰һͷ, Ϳػſڵϣ͵ؾû뵽ء˻һһ㶣ôˣ
̽תһ½͵һۣû, ߰ɡ
ʲôߡ⾰һ֪ԾϽ, ̧Ľһˣ
صû, ܾһ¡Ͻ߰ɣһµøɽ廬¡
⾰̧ۣưõĴ꽫ͫ׳ˢøӳγ, ʱĿ˸Ƭ̵ҷߡ
ȻĿǴİããֲ嶫⾰ۿԶһƽ, ϣȥ, ͣ˵
صҸŮʿ, Ҳǻżġ
⾰һǣôܲһ, ȷǻ᲻Ϊʬ޴棿ǿܲܽһֻɡ
ֻøŶԷһǳһŵǰߡֻǸ;ýĵʹ⾰Ųһͣ͵ض
ؿʲô
⾰̧ۣͶ˶˵
̿ΪҪӵĳƨϽſϣҪ˵仰һǳһżѵزȽֱս͡
ţ⾰ͻȻΪ
ڸزòͷ˵ʲô
ʶתͷжӡ֮š
˶ʱһ⻹ǵһƽ͵ضӡ⾰Ľһղˤȥ
һû¡ȥҸǹʡ
ȴ˼СԭǵǸķʽǸǹʡ
⾰һ仰û˵ȴĶʹٱ궼ϵȶȡ
ɵһЦԷĲӡɫʼڣԶɵһƬ˸Ŵǵĵƹ⣬ĸйٱģֻкͶԷռĿȡ
⾰ܸߣıֻҪ΢΢һ־ͷɽ·᫣ֻ˵ĺ˷ˮĴҶ׵ҹ
⾰Լ˰Сʱڼ˴ӵ״һũšũҹһû˵⾰ǣֻ˵˳棬ҹ´ɽϹסһ
ү￴سð׾Ҳʲôˣرǿ⾰ȻǱǾµҲǼٵġһ¸Ͻ˽ݡ
򿪵ƣһ׾·ڻ˹
ڵСզ󵨣ҹɽ棬ҲϹӡү߸̱ӱ²ۡ
⾰ˮ͵һǺ
׼绰ֻƲȥ
˶һۣĪ˭û˵
ƽöԷǡʰʰ׼Ϣ
ֻǱ쵽һӣֻ֪һŴ
ض˵ʹ̡
Ϸ첻ô䣬ҹ˸ܹ꣬ǵֿ˳ʪϮ
ڵϣͻȻ⾰ʣǲǺȣ
رӵҲ䡣
֨ѽûˡ
ΣԺҪ˯ŵʱ򣬷⾰ʣ˾һ¸Ǯ
ۣŴƮϵϸ꣬££ǣû١Ҫǹ𣿡
⾰һ㵹ͦҵ
˵߹հƣؾɵҲ˼˵ڵԼڴϣЩⲻȥ
صûʲôίһ֪ԼǸģԷ⾰ΪڵһʲôûԹĶڸѰʹֱҲóȥɻ
æµͿ⣬ҪӦԷĹƢ֮⡣
ȻܳԵ˿࣬Թ
⼸ŵһ̾ʲô취ݹҺòײҵָҺءһŬñ˸ô죿
ĺһͣ̿
Σû̲ס͵͵ͷȥ
ҹɫУ⾰ڴϣֳųĴίίڱһؿ֪ʲô
ʱͷɢɫ΢ףȥ˰յĹűø˳ֻһ˫γӱø䡣
һ֪ΪʲôͻȻеЦ־ﱻ⳱ʪҹĪϮֱʪ
ҾǮɵݹ̫ࡣѵ᣺˯ɣ㻹Ҫء
˵꣬תͷ
ֻǸתһOO@@⾰µؾͰıҪקĿ䵽Ľһ٣ԥؽڴϡ
һʲô
⾰³ؽӶϣҷ⾰ûһŮĵز
һ㶡⾰ת˵ϣһ¾һ£һǱСȴ¶˳
̿ڱȹı̲סʱ򵹰ҵŮˣҲ֪˭ҵţʹ
⾰һֻнȰ㲻Ҫ̫⡣Ҿ𴲣
סҲûסЦûˣ
䣬͸оһӰ⾰űӰǽƣˡأҵĴۡ
رƵǽߣԷôĸⴲӵϽ
⾰ǺñӣһַֻԺŴһ𴲵Ļᡣ
ϵԺҹɫ¸ֻ˫ӻŵ⣬ʱޱûи߸ϵţֵĺͯ
Ҳɵõ˰ԼĳƢģ˵һǧ˰١
˵ţҲ¡
ڴø첲˰ļ٣ֱ۲һͲòýţһͻȻӡ
ŨܵĽëͶ°ӰĿƵؿ
ųĿһ˲ڵб䶼ǱһѻڣԶֽ԰ָⶼ̧
ޱ˺ţһξⱻôȴô
Σصĺһȴ³ޡ
ôʱҪ˵ʲôƳĬ㡢ôô֡ǸŮҲûɡ
⾰ĺĪƣֻǿϷ̬ȡЩǧҲϷЩֻΪżmv
ԤУ˵ĶԼ
ȻʱԻججҲû룬ֻܿűʣǲϲϷŮʿ˵Ϊԭ򡭡
˵һ룬ԶԷԸĻڹϵ̫ջȥֻǸһڣνһЦ
ĸǳģҸϷġͷֿҴСĸⱲӺϷԵˡ
˵ɣغ֪ǹ֪ӰۣĸǺص֮һ˵ӰۻԾӰ̳ΪҵٻؼҡĸûаȫУɸ׳죬λյ㣬Ҳĸһ
ֱһֱϷȤĸ׵ԭֻѡ񳪸衣
ȼ仰˵úɣеƭˡ
صָһȻҪĳ޵뷨
ԼҲƭһ̧ȴһ
мޱԽԽҲԽԽУһ˲䣬ƺҶĴȫʧ
ֻ˵ĺһһǳвϽڡ
ؾǱȻ˰㣬ȫ̱ڴϣؿ΢΢
ϴͻȻ顱һԷ͵´žͳС
Ŀɿڴô£ɲģ
ΣԷһͺǲҿһۣǱɽѣҲó嶯˯ɡ
أ
û
˸۱¡
ֻԴһմͷͻȻȥһ͵ش˹



35 
Ǹҹ, صһο̽⾰һءڱ֮µһŴġ
뵽ǰĿ˵ӣ뵽ģɳƵɤӡȻĿˣҲ֪ΪϷ׸˶١
ش򿪳, ǵķ紵ԼϣϵͳôŬһлôһǴƿҪŬ
ϵͳ
ϣضһ, Ͼͻؼҡ
һ㶣ôôͻؼˣ
ڴ, ŴȹӵЦﲻΪ˳ʶڳʶû
ˡ㶵ͷ
һҵû
⣡ٵͷ
Ȼܽ, ǰصƺһԱȶʱˣ´ذϲ֨һ
ⲻ͵ˡһţĿѾʵ, ˷ʱʲôȥӼӡ
ڶ, ̾ǾĵûӵŮʿĵҲûɡԴӻ֮ͶԺͽ̸һδ, õֻ֪ӻˣǶԭһͷˮ
صĿһΣ¿ǿˡ֮Ѿˡ
ͷ
, վ̨ϸԼһơ, žһ硣˸Ƹ֮Ŀɨ, ԺƺʲôԻûץס
һ˯ؼҡ
˵, ڴ, ʶܿڰûԼֻ͵һ£Ļİ
ҹ, ˯еͻȻһĻе
ϢС
ϵͳС
ϡ
ü, ˯ȥ
ڶһ, 𴲣ϵͳͻȻ
˸绰
һˢһִֻһδ磬İ롣
ò֪˭ĵ绰ذֻڴϣˡ
ȥ𣿡
³ˮΪʲôҪȥмµĻ϶ٴǼµĻΪʲôҪ˷ʱ䣿
ϵͳĬ
ػ·Цʲôʱѹˣô֪ôġ
ϵͳͣһ¡Ͼôʱ䡭
Ȼڱ˵ֻһͨ׵Ļϵͳȴ˲ʣһ²ӣ˵ˣ顣
ţһ֣Ѻ˶ȵϴȥ
ǵ粢䣬ƺʪֽԵζûǿ־ܱܿķۡתͷһŷλϵ´ӣһԹö࣬˵ϿؼңɵɶҪǮˡ
̿³һ
ܸлҲܸлԼĹ֮ãֻбԨ˲Ż֮׵ļëƤСꡣ
ǰĸ߼ţĸСʱķɻǾ͵ˡ
ϵͳͻȻʣôȥ𣿡
عϳǻҪôͷҪҰǰߣ
֪ʲôĵӴ̫ϧ
۵·Ƶƹ⴩͸ص۽һζ˶飺ǿҺǰɡǰ˵ճŲžҹͷˣ㻹ȥһͲһعԼеغڵزԲϣͥԲϣ
һȥֻʱ£Ȼһ޷ͷ
⳵ããҹɫʻӺȥǰͷһƬƻͨõĵƹǸĺڰջߣʲôʱôˣ
Ѿ֣ԤĸҲԶһϣϵͳͻԶ뿪Ҳ
ر˱ۣͷ򳵶
Ȼʱϵͳͦӣǲò˵ûжԷ޷ڹûʧԼ
ô飬ͻȻʧ᲻Ӧһɡ
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½ŵĹԼ̬ŵ
Ǳÿ֨֨죬ͣסݣһü˵ʲôƨ
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ΪҪһִ׷Ϸ߼һСʱ
һСʱǰѾǾѸ٣ʱȡһ
һΣڳǰһƤпˣҹ΢ͷ¶Ҿµüۡ
ָֻڡġ˺þá
İ棬ϤǸˡ
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˺ߵԱߣ֪㲻ϲҲͲѿȰˡⳡϷЩΣգСġ
ֻ߲ȼһ̣зܵصһͷ
˺һۣʣϴ̸ûɹĵǸʲôˣôԳûɣ
Ǹʲôˣ
ղŻһĮȻĽͫͻȻһ³һ̣üһЦ
˺챻ıŪˣǸʲôӦԽıԽòԾѯСʯܹ
磬˵ϾҪˣ׼һ¡
һͷٸӡ
˵ţתͷǸ롣
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Ƭ̣˱Ůsorry
ͷֻӸСʯߵݣõˣϿġ
ڳ⳵ϣֻһµ񣬾ͷѾ쵽߼ˡ
˾ǰǸ߼ܡδ䣬ٽǰ񱻷ˣǻԶ
ˣԺ˲ֱˣôˣ
˾ۿţǳ˳ϷѾֲˡ
ǵʱ䡣
У˲̧ۡ
ԶһȺΧ·ڡ߰ɢڸ߼ϣԶǻ⣬Ϊһ߸ߵĳҡ۴ͷһȻ̽Ĵǣڸ߼ųһţʱףֳ
ǾԶɡص
ֻ˾ת˷̣ͻȻһ顱ײ˹֮ͻأųƵ죬ɹó⳵һͣ
Զҹ綼ȻССĳ⳵ڣȴĳĬ
Σʣզˣզˣôô
˾ǡϷɡϷըըȥġ
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˾ͷҵȴŴ顱һ㾪Уӣȥ
û߼ܡҹĳųʪԼϣ֪ԽԽ죬һʱֻ죬Զ᧿Σӳ۵ףһڱĿȡ
һ̣ƺʲôû룬ƺ˺ܶࡣ
߼ܷǰƿΧ۵Ⱥ赲ĹԱԴڿһäĿؿš
קü˦޾ҹɫУԶ˶Χһײĺɫγűǿд򿪣˻վ
úԶƺᵽԷϵѪζ˼òк޲ðֱ̧͵ҽԺԷҡҡͷָһҪһ̡
ںڰȼŽٺȻҲȼеĵĹǣعؿڵһˣ΢΢˺
û뵽ԷһƫͻȻϡ
һޱƺת˲֮䡣
δϨͷ߬ģƿĵ˴߹
ҹ³ĳڻİֻһ˫ɫͫױǹ⻹Ҫ
صĹԱɿĬĬˣؿ߹
ߵǰվϻѪζҹı
˶һۣĶǻһ˿죬ѵµ°ϡ
صĺһʲô
ͻȻְ̧ĺԣر֮ؿ˹ȻǶͷһȣһ𣬶ŨصѪҲıǻƣ
Ϊҿ㡣һЦʱҲ㲻Ϸİɡ
صϾͻȥˡ
̧ۿһٶ
ԲҪ𣿡
ظ˵ͽ˵֪Ҵˡֻʱ䡣ۣǰҳҵᱻӰ죬ұ֤Һĺƽжϡ
һǣۿΪ֪жôϷҲ֪жôȰơҲᱻͷԡһ˵һô˽ңӦ֪ΪʲôΪͷҪָΪʲôƾͽʾ֭ҵ㡣ΪԴ֡š
ΪⲿϷ̫࣬һ˿Ҳĸţأ
ϵͳĻ߻ƵģĶϣε
ֻʱ䡣
¶ЦݣȻ󱻹ԱΧֱ֣˵ָһһطֿűߡ
ӹȥ˺̽Ŀ⣬صʲôɣҪҡ
˺һ㶣ֱתߡ
߼⣬㽹صղŸʲôȥˣһϷɻˣ
صˣؾƵꡣ
㣺
ҹ˻һ¾Ƶ꣬ϴڴϣǸİĺӺ˳ָǴʱһϢͻȻ˹
ҽԺ΢ˣõġ
˭ˣ
˸ۡ
˯ϵͳ͵ˣͽкܴôŬ
ʲôôش˸ǷǸƢɤò˲СҲû䡣֪ҵóԶٿأ
ӵеǲСġ
ϲǾ͵ǵϵͳȥر۹棺ҪңһȥƬ
ڶһ磬ظϵƬúԶͿСʯſڵţСʯͷֹС硣Ϣҵء
һü첻ϢһϲǸȥҽԺ𣿡
СʯҲҡͷ˭Ȱס˵ֻҪ𵴾Ͳͣ
ӦǱײˡ
Сʯһƺû뵽Է²ϰ壺С㡭
ѾƿŽȥˡ
ڣͷ£û߹ȥ͵ҵˮ
عЦΪ˭
תͷĿԶ޾ȣûндˡ
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̴ߣڲˡ
ĺһˮݸôô磿
ؽӹ±ȴû򿪣Ḷ́Ϊʱܿԣ
ǰֻṩ˼Щòʧĵ쿪
ķǼǰǼ׼˵ʱҲǲġֻصͻƣһ˵ﲻ⡣
Լָóʲô˵ӰʱմԽģһԪķװ⣿
ȫ
üתӣϸ͵ǲһζδĺסѾЩܽװܾˡ
صʱ䣬ֻ͸һǾķҪĸо֮ĹҪһصڵأȻͼֽ㣬Լ취ֻܼ򵥸һķװδƪĻҪʱ䡣
˵
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ҡһͷûУֻǺص㻹ʱʲôʱɣҴûвĹ
صĺһһľˣҾҵġСӦҲӡ̡ľˣ˵ʱ򣬽ǸʱǱһһĻ
ʱһЦ㻹ĲκδƵĻᡣ
ش
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صڹȥֻܻ
ᡣĿƺѰʱĺۼϲεľˡҲڹòá
ԽƨԸ˵Ŀ˵ĻǷǾʵĿ佱ѵܲʺƨһ̲ס΢ĵ⣬ҲбԷʵľš
һЦô㵱ô˦ң
öԷɫһ䣬һžͰѶԷƿ뵽ʶקһѣһľǰԵ
ϽסУıײǽڲɵƺһ
뵽Լһɽ·ɽǶ£ɵðЦÿζֿԡ
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⾰Щźһתӣ
Ƭ̣һžɽ߽ŵʱһأûϡ
Խʣ֪׶ĲֵͲ⣬Ҫһ飿
ǲ֡⾰һǣȫ
һ㶡
⾰ӣ£Ȼ󲻽صٺõƷûӰǾʧܵģ㵱ôָ᲻֪;󣬳ŵӰտĲθ
Ȼǲģҳҵ㡭޷еķ񡣵ʱ仹ҿ޸ġ
ˡѾҵʺҵָ
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صĿǰΪֹûеùҲûʲô顣
ĿͶ㲻ǡ
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ȦЩ˵Щʵ˵غͽһ࣬ʹûһַΧƭ˵ġ
εذһüġ
ʱֱۣ壬ظϽȻƽ͵صҿȷظҾġҲĹġ
ǵһôһ˵滰Ůӣɵһ㶡صȦܿܣ߾֮ӰҪʱĥģʱҲǱģһ١ٶظȥӰˡھ黻Աǳ£οһָ
³һһ˵ûأֻԪҲԵӰʲôӰ죬ɲصġ
Ŀ˸ؿ֪ȦǸ˲ϢСᣬľ˵һָǼʮҲû˹ܣЩָ֮ǮͿƨˣܾĺʲô
ֻʲǱרҵʿãƾʲôͼһСʦ
ָϥһ٣ɫ任޻˵Цһˣ֮ʲô⣬ɾ޷ʰˡϾÿʦķͬϸ͵ḴӣҪ©Ǻѵġ
ǾͲˡվȼһ̽ڻױ̨ϣ
ҾԼ
һʱըˣʲô⡢ԼΪʲô
ۣûΪʲôӿ㲻˳ۡ
Σ˵ĹƢַˡ
ۿŭƲסЦԽԽ䣬ֻͻȻһ졣ʶһӣιŮʿ
ԭŮʿԺ׼Էסһ߶ƴǣŮʿͻȻʣҺҶӵ
أ
ΣɫǺֻݵԷߣ㡭
񣺡

ԪĵˣΪ˶Էĸ׵ԭǽѡ
ضѡûʲôоһ˾Ͷһ·Ҳν
ϣصƵ꽭ҪţüԹΪҪһСʱദʱ䡣
Σֻ÷
Ƶ꣬ؿɳϣȹ輸ֵطãϴסǸƵ꣬Ѷҵ
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ҪΪ˲˭סƵط
һʶʣ֡Ƶط
ͷ΢ķ˿ָʣ¥طС̫áڹŮĽҶ
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ضʱҿҺƵ껻ÿ죬Ǳץ
˵硭
˵ţֽóתƻ⣺㲻Ҫңҽϻûͼֽ
һǣóԣҵ㣬ϧҽҲҪæ
˵ţƵ绰ΪӰĹϵҲΪ˳͸ɫҪ˽͸ʱյ⡣˺ϸԼ˸רһһҵһСʱĿΡ
һ˵ҪΣֻ
֪Щʲôרң϶һ࣬ڵרҵ˵˯Ĳݡ
ͷʣǸӰδʲôҲûʲôͷ޷һ¡
ȴרӣǻҵġµġġ
ͳָܽоֻǲϸ䡣ءһҲҲҪʲôרҲΡ
뵽΢ţһͷȥ
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ڴͬʱƵҲѾӣһУָⲻСĲ䵽صͷɵһ١
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½ڣǽ


36 
½µĻػ, ԱߵĽɳϣڲ輸һ֧һţˡ
һ, ԷרߣڴͬʱϵͳҲڣôͻȻ½£
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ϴλ˼ҵ绰ʱ˼ˡ
ط˸ۣ˵ʲô, ʲôʱﲻʱʱ̿ˣ
ϵͳѡ֮, Ͳö໰
ڴͬʱ, Ļָعɢɳϵͷ
½, ô˴ǱǸмʱյҪ̡
˵úƯ, Ȼϵı濴бǸ˼
, һͷק˻Сһ㣬Ҫҡ
һЦ
Ļ½·ֻ, һ̧ۿһƴĻƮȥĳЩȻ
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Ҳü½ΪоŻѪѧ, ϳʱΪҽ, Ҳҵҡ

նʱĬ֪Ϊʲô乧άĿף˵³ȴĪζ
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СӳôǷᣬôʵĽ/Ӱۣ
Σ½¼ɲһʱյķ̫ͳ֪һ档
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ۿԷֻҧҧ̵٣½ڻͦææĻԸԼ
½µҲֻϣζһЦѧ⣬
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תͷأھ۾ܵˡ
ʱ˿̣ض˵ǹ֪顣һؿֻ࣬еѧӡһһ˫ѧУﲻѧϲòŮӵϥһΣײһ¡
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Ļǰ½ԼܿĶ²һڲ衣
СԽĵȥҪҡ
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ӢܾöûŮʣޱŮЩӦԷظӹɣ˭ĺӲԼŮ˵ŮܱһҰֺá
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Ĳ㿴˶ЩۻǸŽֻһֹ˿ͣòʧҪȻǷ֮ת߼۷װɡ
߼۷װӢüͷһ壬̧ͷô˵
ķ²豭ϸһŮ˶òǺܶ࣬һ顣ҾǿЩʲô߶ʲôӪͦģҲӪȥֻ߼ͻЩǲ͵ˣ
Ӣɫʼ˼


37 
صѧУ, ڼؿʼƾķװ
ĹδӦҵġģͬһƽϵġ˻ݸ壬ŹڽϵҲЩһѾͺο, һ˵, һ˵ͦÿ, ֱӷŵT̨Ͼ
Ȼѡԭ˺һĴ, ذԼ뷨עװȻⲻt̨Ҳ̳ǵӰδʲôģǱġġҵģҲϽġġµġ
Լķ񣬽½¸Щֶһ飬ҹ, ڽϷƳ
ֻϷӲϵüǰ浽ϸšϷȥ, ظ³һ
, Ѿˡ
ŹǷ߳Ǹû˯˵, ĵһ͵صɴۣϣ
ܹ, ҪĻˣȥ, ˧
ֻĻ, һɫ, ʸеĲģ, ƴӵķ϶Ƕδе, 򵥡ҵһ, δ߶ȷ, Ϊ˴δУںϵпȴңһάȵͼΣضֱ䡣
ʣһ׵һɫͬķһĲüÿһǹŽĽϣӵĲüδһȻײһĻ𻨡
½ӵĵӣվأ㾹ȻװΪֻŮװء
˼죬Ȼƣ-ܵúܣǿһǷﺬţһĶء
һЦҲǡ˵תȥϴ
Ƭ̣Ǳߴ˵绰Ǿָڷͼֽ֮ʣµĹȫҪİ
ȶŵ绰ĬһᣬŸӵһ֪̾Ϊʲôˡ
֮ǰĸ֮ѹţѶеĲѹƳ׻һ㲻ƽغͽصϵƾ˶Ŀ࿴
ڴڣ¥µİڣһϵθڿʼߣùǫܶôʴұָΪָô㣿ֻ˵ƺͽʺ϶ѡ
Σ˵ڻͲǱһЦһ˫أȷʵͽʺϡ
ؽֽˣ̸֮ĳ鷳ˡ
֮δ䣬һ˺绰ˣǺϿ
ֱӹҶ˵绰
תͷŵϵĸӳ˼Ѿϴϻһȹֹķ˿ֱ·Ҳͬնˡ
ϻһЦʲô¾ֱ˵ɡ
ţֻһ̾ĩ˵ɡ
ûϣʰʰȥѧУΪپæܾöûпˣճճý
ؿԷЩãѵôˣ
֧֧ᣬʧЦôһ
˭ʶʣصϵȺôϵˡ
ȺǸȪʳƷ˾ĴӣҲˣϴԾƻ衣
̧ۿΪʲôбϲˣ
һǸáճȺճر
صϴϲû˵ʲôԣҿɲȰ㡣
һô˵۹ʱͷĥԼȹӣ֪ҾϲϾҪҵˣҰΪ˹˾޸ļҵˡ޸ԼϲģһԼϤġ
šüҿҡһͷҷĶȥˡ

һԴְҪô룬Ͳ㱨̿ˡҺϷļ̳ˣ̳мҵǺϷġʱ˵һȺˣʮȺҲչ
һ۵Щˡ
˼˰Σ̲ס˶촽һԷ֪ʲôĻҪ˵ʲô鲻ģڻиҪ˻ǱģԼѡһ
ҧŴ˵
֪ڻǶȺһͷȣҲǿӲȰԷԼҵҵʱͻ֪վڷ嶥Ż׵ɽжôС
ŶԷ˽սֻû©Ϣ
ͻȻǸϤͷһδϢ
½£ҽȥa󡣡
½½ϢüҸ΢΢һ¥´۽һʶ¥¿ȥ
ֻ¥£һŽγʻѧУУ쵼վſӭӣһƣ¥Զ˴󺰣½
أ
˵ȻԼǰ֪ˣǰ󲻳ӣ
½³ѵôһװŽ۾֮ǰƽһ˿Ͻһ̧˲ضӡ
һΣûж㡣
üŭؿ½һ٣ǻ
Ҳû鷳Լĸˣһ½µ֣Ͼ̽ͷϴ½aѾҪˣΪԷһaˣû뵽ڶΣ
ȭͷһõõ½ڵǩһһҪ㻹죡
εüģϴһ죬ҵǩѵֵǮָʲô
һЦ
ءһ
½һУ԰ԱˡϿεʱ½ĿʲôǲҪһν½ڽεĻɲ࣬ʱ϶ἷͷ
Žü⡣֪½ڸʲô
ʱյһ½¶šһַ
칫¥303칫ҡ
صָĻĦһ£Ҳǳȥˣʱ¡
׼ױһ㶣ʲôˣٷ˵õģǰʱôʱļǻûúþһء
û˵Ͻֻһ飬ֻ鵽һ303ɵðһôôǽңĲԷȥҸʲô
룬䵭תһȦʣµѶһۣͷôżʲô°
£ǻͷдšɫѡҲڽĸѧСѧڵء
СЦҪŭŭͷдǡƨ¡Ͻ·
ѵؽڣؿ첽߽칫¥
칫¥ᲢԶʱѧУĴ󲿷ѧڳԷҲû˼˰칫¥һ˵ʹҲֻΪһʦ뵽Ǵ½¡
Ȼʹֱػⲻһ顣
303ǰһš
صһ´
Ƭ̣½µ
䣬ƿšš֨ѽһ칫ҵŻ򿪣һƺľҫ۵£нƵĸ㡢̴ϢƮء
µİ칤ǰһˡ
ɫ״αϣֻһɫĳǽڷְһ飬޵ʹĿת͸ճͦζ־ݵΣƺҪڻֻһͷɵڷۡ
Ȼ䣬ǰƺȥǸصֻؼһصˣĸ׵ĹĵһţͿTǰݰ𪣬΢΢һתͷ
ˣ
ˡͬʵͳɤغܿ½ժ۾ǿ
ͬı飬ʱ½¸ӳ죬˵ٵʹйҲڲزסеЦ⣬ôڵʹЦţҲž޲
СϺ꣬ԽԽöԸˡ
ߵߣһüβҹˣʲôֱ˵ɡ
ֱվǰǰԼǰŮѣһ˴ʦൽ﹣ŲӲѧ
½½źãתһ̿ô˵㵱ҵѧˣ
ضȣ̧ŹһӹǰbʦaѧͬһϵͳҪ롣
½һζһЦôѧʦ»ͷ۰ɡ
زŲϴΪֻᣬΪʲô
½Цһ£abĺֻܱܡ
͵ͦϣ°ʣ׼ʲôʱߣ
½µҲû˵ʲôҪֽ黰΢΢ǰб壬Цſߡһ칫Ϣ
籾ϢһСʱʱΪʲôҪ칫ңԶ
Ϣչû۾ڵ˫ž޲۾ʱǱ˹⣬ԡ
صĺһʶغһ㣺ǾǻпһСʱʱ䣿ΪʦòҪ˷ѧУԴ
ġ½µȥγ΢΢䰵Ҳ˷ѡ
ͬĻڸԵ˼
˽ã˷Դ
ˣϧʱ⡭
˶ӣеĸƺŻٶȣӨ˵ǰ
Զȴ޿ˡ֣קסķһһ٣ԼǳƮĴϣ˰ӺأӭĲĺ̲׵İ
һס֡Ȼʱ˵ϥײš
½¹һЦ£ұϾbʦaѧʲô
üҿԲ˹İࡣ
ʵֻһ¡½¿Ŀ⴩͸ҲǴ͸䣬
¸¾ա
͵һʵɤͺһǺӣ˲͵Ǹȵ졣
ҪңȻԶʡǲμӾ½һҹ˸Ŵһнһǣͬϸ޵ǡ
ڶ죬ôͲҪϵڰ¸ĸҲȰףٽ߿ðȻطһġ
ɹΪ˸ҳδһ½µĲϰʦɹ˵ĸؼ
һδķƸҵˣнءءװģǸССǰ
ǽʱӵۣżָ⣬ضʹ顣ǸҹĲǵǣһĻ磬ֻһȥһ˲ɴԭ
߿ֻʱһѧ˯ţĸͣͣ׼緹ѡһۣͿ½Ҳѧſڶ棬ߵʹͻִ޷ζ
졭ʮա


38 
½µصǸ, Ʈû
գգգۣ㲻˵Ҷˡ
½µҿû
ǿ֪ͣʹҰԺе֪ʶ, ҲǺദĵεΡ
ûȥ, ּ黰ǿ½𽥿, оµü, ޷ңԷ˵ô黰ڿ۵ʵʵĿӽ⿪һŶá
½¶˽, еƣ΢, ŵ
ҼǵһЩ䣬ÿҵĴӶ¥·, 㴩һȹӡ̧ۣһ統ǸͶĿ⡣
ϸĲϸ°ͣٵ˫󶨸΢ͫϣ½±½¸ڲ˼, ĸ½, ܻǴһ, ĸԸ¶ֻܿһ
ȹһ㰵, 귢, ոµĺɫƤЬ, ҴӴڱʱĸ׳ˮ, ŵòЬˡЦ, ˵, ·ôңԶ»ĿʱҾ룬ҪܰСֱ͵߾ͺˡ
ֻڻ䣬ȴ˵黰Ҫ˶ЩȣƫߣôûǸ˼ȫֻ̾˫ֲ嶵˵
׼ȷؽĻʹҲؼǵõ顣½ǵЦ⣬Ϊҵʱڽš
صľȣʮʱûиºӡ㲻ϲҵ´һϵẦҡ
һûʱ򡭡۾ʵҵĶǺ
Ϣϣ͵ذͻǸ΢ҹʣµĵм䣬˸ԸѴġ߿˳ĺϵǶԿѧ֪ʶ˳Ե½£İŮҲͽһϵص
ϣ˳
ǹЦһһ١
ضһ£˵⣬͵ȥ
ǽһȵ⻹Ҫǡ
صĺһɢζƺַۻ˻½µ۾ɤǺһڻ𣬸ѶԷקű͵졣
½ǹŵ־ڱصõЦʱһ
͵ػ˲վֻ½üһվռ䲻һ̶ġ֨ѽ½¼ʹקסˤƨɶա
ͣһ£½ڣʲô𣿡
أǳ̳ɵX
½̩ɽѹ治ɫɫˣص֣üۻް
΢΢һ˲˦֡еȶȥϸһﲻ֪½µ·һǻɱмƣ뼤ȥһڡ⡱Һó̳ˣҪȻˡ
ʱ˿̣Ҳ֪ǸǸЦ
һڣһںæûաҵʱҲһҵõңǵʱ˵ɡ
˵ţתҪߡ
ء
תͷ½һ˫΢ǵ
¸¾Ǻǵƽںǵ̻ᡣ㲻յĻҿɲԴȥ
ػգһ۾糣ҶȥҺæ
½Ͽһͷðɣ˼
ͷҲصس˰֡
سţ½Żջߡ
Ժвϵ¸㻹ҪʵҪûʱȥǻǡ
½´ŵӽĳİȡһЦΪȥ𣿡
ǡaǡǣǹ봴½ϵĴؼƵˣֻвؼȻaǣôͱȻʣ֮һ
̽ϵͳܿ췴Ӧ
½û˵αۡ
֪֮ʹԷޱ飬޷ӦÿһϢı仯Ӳĸ֪
ǰ죬һȥǡ
뵽ֶԼӱܣòɣ˹֮⣬ǷһΪ֪Ҳһȥǣֻߣʲôֵټ
뵽ͻްü۸ؿƺӿ޾ıԼ˻𣬷Ҳйĳڡ
⴫һ죬һž̳֮һٶţ
½ڣҸ翪Ҫõϡ
½»̧ۣһ΢Ц
ؿţɿ̧̳Ҫš
̳һֿۣ˿յţ֪ԲʲôǷŭӶؿ
أԭ㡭
δ䣬קһ޶ϥһֱӶĶӡһԽ̵ģȫû̳Ǹһ˱Ϻףһʹûȳھͱݺݵڵϣ
ҲԲʲôҸǶǡġ
̳׼͵صɴۡ
һЦôԼĻǲǺܵ⣿
̳¼ٵغţĿ˸صԱ˵ҲšΪΪѧϰã½Իҥҡ
̳ͫһĮصʧܵ³ȫУ֪ѧңɼҲңܸҡ̳˾ˣôƫ۹⿴һӮֻ֤ûá
ƵЩõϣ뵽ʲôȤطſˣѵӮ˾ͻڮٵɵXֻҵ֡´ҿɲôˡ
˵꣬ĨĨ֣תߡ
̳ڵϺðβŻĵվصıӰӿĲ֪ŭ߷ߣֻʲô˵Ķ
䣬˷š
ڣ½תͷϻǹź΢Ц
Īģ̳һ¡

̳Цˡ˵Ϊô˻ļֵ쵼½⣬aֶһӡԪ׶ѧûޣѵԷһ󳹵׾μӽƻ˼
֪½a󵽵ʲôҩԭǴba׼ڽһڸȥԷѧУ
ΪһȥĽѧУƱػ֣ѧδ϶С
ճɼۺ϶ԱȣӦг̳ԪĨˡѧϰǰéһټһϲμӶĻýõŮֻʣһ
ɼøء
ʦ˼٣Ϊе飬˻ڿǡ
ųʣµľѧϰȽƽޱˡ
ѧУô֪֪ͨ½´ʲô⡣ֻϺǿûǾѱϼӿܡ
ȻܡڡֻǻûȾܾԶˡ
һβڳѧУԶĲ
ȽС
֪ΪΣһôƺӢЩӦһֻǶ˶üëҲô衣
ؿһЦ
ӢԽԽƵף˹ÿһμҪһҰֵʵæڰ׼ҵ˼ˣ˴ȴΪĳЩ²ò
ذѲƹȥôױǮ㻨𣿡
صллġ
ӢһЦָ⻺һ꣺ѧУѧϰô
صܺá
ǡáǡܺáԼŬĳɼشǫ
ӰӢЩͬ˵ʲôƺǾЩ˵ڣȺһˮѹһ£εأôöûкͰ׼ϵǲǿѰ׼Ҹˡ
һ٣ûУǱϾ˶ʮĵط
Ӣһɫ΢䣬ʱ˵ס²豭ֱ壺Ҳ㲻ôһϾ֮ǰԵġġõģǰ׼ҵĶ
ؿһۣʣµļ˻ȥ
ʵô˵ҲȻ޸ʱȻûдӴѧҵǿԼƴѧͷԲСڹ˾֣Ǽ깫˾ϣвСĹ͡
ɽǮҲ⼸ĳԺˣοߵʱʲôûã׼ݳƷҲûʧ١ô˵ҲıĿǷˡ
֮ڱʲôﻹǰ׼ҵĺúӡ
صʲôֱ˵ɡ
Ӣ̽ؿڣ˵ѧУbһ
صһͷǣһһڱǷΧ֮ڡ
Ӣһ°ͣʦ˵˰ɡ
һ˲ĳĬȻɫ糣Ϊʲô֪ɡ
Ӣšһüƺʺ鷳ɾǡڵĳɼǸָ꣬ռһλ˷ʱַǸ
صҵĳɼΪ´࣬ʦΪҾ١
ĳɼӢʶʡ
һ䣬Ӣ֪Լ˵˻Щǿز䣺ǰڼҵʱҲôѧϰ͵ǰéе㡢е㲻Ӧ
˲Ծ˵ʲôо͵ر˾һ£ϸ΢ۡűӵȻԼĳɼ׵ĻaͰҾˡ
Ӣڨڨزһº
ǵˡ
ؽ˻ȥ룬˹˵ҾֻΪ£һתûô򵥡롭˳ξôֱ˾ǡޱ
Ӣɫ΢䣺㳶ʲôûϵⲻɼ⡢𡣡
زƱ磬ԹԵطޱ޹ʣΪʲôҪͷѵǡΪ̳󣿡
Ӣ΢΢һ˳ˮۣǡǡ̼Сҵġ
һЦ̳ΪޱţΪ˳̸̳УҿɲšһҲ֪ԭ򡭡
ۿӢӢغһߵôɣ㸸ףʲô͵øʲôʲô;Բ˶ʮ꣬һģҡأҶ̫ʧˡ
ؿþöû˵
ҹλأҲһҪܻص׼أ
ϾԼ˶ʮĵط
ӢҪϻأ
ϾûѪԵжʮĸ顣
ֻÿ԰ӢŶԷӶʼûڴûʧûʧûо
Ǹһеİأڵҵˣл飬ѣʹûĸףҲӲ롣ȫµءαȥһ㾵ˮл
ֻôţ԰ӢÿζĿĵĿвûвʧƣЦ
Ӱͳпƹȥ
Ӣһ㶣Ǹʲô
صͷԣٸġһôżҾȸɡôڰ׼ҵĻ۳ĸ״ľüֵҾֺܺ
Ӣȵؿ
һЦģҲһˡһҲỨһҲ⡣۸񣬴ӽԺһϵûˡ
ô˵ӢͻȻ޴ľȴҲһֱһжߣأ˵ʲôѵҪ𣿡
ؿпⲻڱ𣿡һЦȻĸöҵҪҵȻҲýǮ
˵ţվһǵļ͵ΪֹɣԺҲҪټˡ
Ӣؿ߳ȥȻַŭ˵ʲôĵĵ绰ʹˡ
绰ͷСôӢЩΣ˵̫ܾ
Ķһ£̾Ҳǻ԰׼ԹɣӻСøжһʶ
Ӣ˺ܶࡣȰһСصײǰ׼ҵĺӣ£Ҳ̫ϻޱޱ㰾ȣ¾ȷ°ɡ
ޱ⼸ס˰׼ұĸ׻ҪðӢҵ˵ŮȤȻҲôؼҡΪɹ˾͸ÿڼҺһȺŮһֱҡ
Ӣ̹һЩϵпãҪƵȹҸһס
˲ϵͳǮӢʣ޼ˡ
صһǸŮǺͱĵӣܶһ󡣡
ǮԶ⣬ծ಻ľˡǮӢҲһ
ֵֻǣӢ׳ʲôĿҪѵΪ̳󵽶Էͷϣ
ôš
½´绰ʱ½Ҳ¡Ӣݹϵޱǰ¼ȡܾˡˡãתͷȥѧУҲѧУܾˡ
˺üΣҵͷϡ
ظԻֻһڽֲǹѧбҪô
ǡֵ⡣
뵽̧ۿԶԶһˣޱм䡣췴شһȹɢϵ׹ԡ
͵ۣʹɡҲϵãǶԶ׹ĸ׵Ķ


39 
ǶԶ׹ĸ׵, 򵥵ĹǶ˿Щֻͨĸ״ϲԳʡ
ھƻϿĸ״źȹһʢİۺ, ʮôҪĸŸֻǸ, ʲô¶, ֮һֱκѹס
ԣûн뵽ķ䲢ϸңҵԶ׹
صĺһǻȻŭɬ֮, һЦԷ
ΪʲôӢΪһССͻȻ
ԭǶԷ, ûг̳м̡׬Ϊޱͷ, ֱΪޱʩѹ
òԶ, ޱһ, Ȼȴû¶ҵ顣
Ҳ, , ô¾ΪŴİɡ
סԷޱ⼸ȥ׼ң
ޱһ, ҿ˿ŻͷǡϺֽŵأþöûؼ˰ɣײΪ˾Щãûµʱͻȥɡ
⻰˵, Էǰ׼ҵƵġ
þ, ֱҵӣҵΣ
⻰һ, ԱߵļѶʱɴۡȻǼԼ֪غޱľ𣬵ֻѧϰ͸, ϽǮɾһˡ
ޱʶһԼĶ, ŵصᣡҲǹҪõġ˵, ȥǰײ˵ȻԺ󶼲ܻذ׼ˣķҲûԾҪѷĶˡ
ƺģϽĶӦöڿⷿûбӵֻǿ׹棬˿ϧԾ͵͵˳ҪǾҿԻ㡭
ޱȥԼĶ䣬ȴԱߵ֣ޱôİ׹ôֱͨں棬϶ǸֵǮ⡣ҪӽͰĶóģʱˣʲôİֲǰ׼ҵǧС㣬׼ҵĶʲôϵ
ޱ֣ЩǸؿء
ص׼ҵĶûϵĸ׵ĶҾйϵ
˶ʱһ£ƽԶ׹ϵӡ飬һ˸߼£ҽ˴ɡǣҲʦµ鱦ʦĸ״˾ȥ̸⣬һʣԷ͸Զ׹
ޱĿӣûе⣬ֻᵽĸ׵ĵ꣺ԣԶ׹Ͱ׼һϵûУĸ׸׼Ҵ쾭üֵõļ֤
ޱ죬˵ѵʣ˵Ǳ͸ĸ׵ѵǾͻ˭֪᲻¹ޱΣ
ûʸұƭˡƽؽͣŵĻԿһ¶׹ϲǲǿһSǵд
ѸԲޱĶɴۣ桢һS
ʱֹѣޱɫ͵Ǻ졣ž޴ľţɵס䣬һ
ôʱ䣬ΧûΧۣͼ죬¥ҪΪس
ֻңߵޱǰӸµؿ
ҿԭ֪Ͼ˭֪ǣҲ˭֪ͷЩýǮľ飬㲻пԭ
˵赭дÿһ仰ޱġ
ϾޱԼǵһͷΪΪرˣͶ̥һ˼ҡӵкһľ϶ػҪһٱ
ر׼Ҹϳȥǲ죬ֱӢΪŮؽ׼ңӵӵйһУǵ⡣
Ǿ͹óδ̼Է׼ز˵ʲôһⶫײͱԷˣǶԷͲǰ׼ҵˣ㿴Ҳûʸ˵ʲô
ǧ㣬û뵽Զ׹ֵǣһĸ׵
صĶᶪˣǴĸ׵ǿɾƷˣ
ۿ˵ޱ䷢պԷ飬޲һطȥ
ֻǲǮûǮܵһȡΪ͵
˵꣬ȥͰѶ׹ק
ޱƺһʱѪ˿סɫ죬Ȼ۾ұԹֻðʹȥ
תܣס͵˼ĸ׵Ķһ仰˵ܣҲ̫˰ɣ
ǣ
ޱתͷӯᣬؿû˵ɨһȦ˶һѾؿƺû뵽һԹɡ崿ζ¡
ҧҧۺһ䣺أԲ𣡡
䣬ס͵سᡣ
˸ۣôίһ
תͷأذմѪĲӵʣһƽ߲֪Ʈȥˡ
ǰ˻Σͷ
ػ񣬽߰ɣǳԷ
ֲãޱԱǸúúףһ¡
ҡͷûϵٱ𷹣ҾȥB󡣡

ȻǶҪǲȥ˳ǵ⣿
ϣذСĵطڴ̾
ʹѵ飬̾ϵͳ죺
ڳʲô
صûڳֻɻ󡣡
ĸף硣һƴѧѧԣûѧҵ;ͻȻźֽ˺šʹûƾҲƾԼŬڰ׼һ÷ˮòϲƶ˼ҵ̫̫Ŀ࿴
һ̵ĴŮˣΪʲôű˺Ӽ޸ӢĴ£ѵΪǮ
̰ͼ׼ҵĲƲΪʲôôֻÿ¸ѴǧûתĿһ֣
ѵĸ׵̫ߣתƲƲû˲ó
ҼȻȻ֪Ǹʱը-Ϊʲôûиһ㰵ʾѵͲ°׼˰
ֻѾʲôʾûע⵽
ͷۣ׼ҵĹϵԼĸ׵ĹȥϱͻȻһһ
ӱܣ޷һ飺ڻ֪Լ׵˭
ΪӢԸѾ
СӢͲôؼңʱһ¶ĸڿտı׼ûбķ͸ġ
ĸڵʱӢĸײڵʱӢͿʼ޼ɵÿܶŲͬζϢصңؿʼԽԽʧ
벻ͨүү֪˾ӡɼôԼĸûŴһŵ㣬ѵ̫үүķ
Ӣ͸ɴ಻ؼңû˸ĸÿֻЩӶŸӿյı
ΪԼѾϰֱԼҵѣֱԼĸףǳѾõǸһƮ˳
ʱҰɣԼ
Ȼһϵ鷳Ҫҿ֪ʲôĸôأ˶ʮꡣ
һۡ
ĸ׿µӣԷڴϣһ˫۾þˡץסһһ٣
أڰ׼һҪúõػȥ


40 
ޱǼֳĶС, ʹʱֻһֵѧΧ۹Ҳ˲СӰ졣ϾҪУ԰סʲôܿɲʲô׵¡
ڶ죬aһѧ֪ޱĸ׵, صץˡ
ѧУ, ٵѧ֮䶼ʲô£һǣǮǿɾе˵ˡ
˽ʦһʡ, غôûƷأǸɴؾͰ
غ޵ҪҪӵ˵
ذοΣûûǸɴϰֻȥֲǼ, ޳ûҪ
ѧУһκ, ʱȻһЩ
ίؿ᲻ͷ
صԺֿܻģҲǰӦһ¡
ûηֱûзԭ˵, ֿҲ, ʱһˡ
ҲڵʱŬѧϰ, ȺԼŰ, ѡʲôҶϣ޿䡣
ӦˡػصԢ, ׼, û뵽ʱ, cһµҲ٣Ҳˡ
Ӵ¶سʱس˺ܶʶ, Ψհ, һҪת, ˵ʰ
˵ֻҪǸ, ȥﶼ⣬cϼҸͲء
ϣμ¾ۻһžͿĶһ룬ضͣǸиض֧֧᣺ʵϴ˵Ҳ£ҲҪˡ
ؿЦãԭİǷһMվҲһС죬˾ԶԷ迴أҪߵĴһ¾ʹһõĻ
ֻǺ˼غ⣬һģʱеӲŵɣǾһֱѹû˵ɽ˵Ҫȥcǵ£ǲһڰ˵ˡ
ؿЦãԭ£ʲô˵ڵġ
ûвɢϯûһСݾܰס˵ĽŲЩΣĲںҲһ
ΪʾǸ⣬سһٷɢﷹˡ
˸Ѳ͵ĲԷʱϳ΢΢һЦһŤŤ˿ա⳵ˮڲĵӰ복һǰ
ʱһǱԼ뵽ƽո¶ͷǵڣ
һ죬գ
ص֯ȹڷ΢΢𵴣һһǰͱĺѣĺҲǱɨ˲֪һеô
ʹֱܣǰ·Ҳֹͣһ֣żҵcǡ
һأԶԶؾͿһ˾ӣдһ֣˴װģ۾һ첽߹
С㣬½
½£صллѾ˳ˣ͵档
ߵ÷ɿ죬ǿϣ֪½˵Ը϶ʲôˣֻܰͳͺá
˵ţųص䣬ǰ档
ˣӣ˭
ص½ˡ
ߵ⣬˹˵ϳʧС
ڳ⳵΢մ򿪳Ա߾ͻʻһ׳һӳ̽ͷ
С㣡½Ҹ͵Ķ
ضһЩϤ½լֵǸС
ؽӹӣüǵѧģҪʦȣ
СԸϽ֣СᣬɲȣҾ·ģ˳æ
½¿ɺЩָʹ˵ʦͬµѧôʱ䣬ԼָҪԼ뿴½Ҫӵ˵˭ҲŸ
˵ˣǰͿó½ڵܺá½ڵ˲²͸˶ԷѧҲ׼ΪԷÿǶЦϲŭɫöԷģҲֻѧҵ̬ȲȻʹˣҲֻҪƮƮؿһۣԲλࡣ
СܿԷ鲻һ⡣ԼʵʱĲСİʵҵĲơŵսս׼½¼ʱ½ȴֻƽɨһۣû£ѶʰãһΡ
СˣΪ̫߳ˣƽʱ½ڲѧʵʱôƮƮطŹˣֱ͵Է绰˵ʲôɻˡ
ʱˣ½ڽҪȥˡֻΪл߲
½һеġͶ˽ͣԭΪҪ
С͵ͨǻȻ˷ܣĦȭҪ֪½ڵҪӵ˭ӧϡսһݣ֪Էأһϲ
أǸ죿СЩ½ڵ˻ûһ𡭡
ʱڿأƨ-Ҳ֪ý»ӡǸϽͣ½ҪģֻпΣҾԶӧɲʲôʦͷҵģ
֪ˡؼСһǣ˵Ҳɳ¡
Сԣʲʲô˵С㾹Ȼ½˵
ϳȥҾͲлˡ
˵ţ˾
ڷС˦ش򿪲ûʲôصĶֻһƿһΧ˷ɻ֮θЩڣغһں裬оθ̹һЩɵ³һ
ֻ֪һ֪½£Щɵʣ
ӣ½˭
صǰѡ
üǸأ
صǰѡ
㣺
Ĵ崻ˡ
ʱcаڰѴ󲿷ֵǮ˰ӢͷԣֻѡһشƫƧĴԺȻͨôĻԶطǿշ֮⣬һԺӡվſڣܿǽѾݻƵֲ
غԴ˺⣬ѼҲԶǴʱ̫̫ӹ
뿪acУȻǰϿͻˣҲ൱¿ʼĦȭƣ׼ϲȦӡֻǻûҵͻƿڣܵǸŮˡ
ŮĳȣȦߡ׶εܳͷѾֻ֮ͨڸȱʱнϿɣڳϯʢʱûкʵĸ
ѡأΪϸºǳʧܣ˸ǩ˸ɴƹˤĽ׼ߺں·ߣȾȶȣܱôء
֮ǰ˼Ƹ壬ǲĳ㣬Ψһɾǣ񡣡
㿴صƸ壬΢͵ߣ΢ߵĿ棬Щ⻹񰡣ЩǵҪɶ
ŸľǰҡΣһǣ֪ҪʲôҲܸơ
ôߵĿѾĵߣ·Ϊ˳˵ǳΪ߽ݾĹߡ
ô죿ҲΪô⣬ҪȻⵥǾͲˣ
ҡҡͷôô׷
üٸһ²ݸ壬ͻȻ鵽ͷǽͷϵĺ컨۾һ


41 
һשǽ, ȥǽϵ컨
軨ʺ굹Σﴩɢ£, ޼ɵ
ʵǽϲֹһ軨ʱ＾, Ӧʱǽ涷, Ψ컨һ, һ۾Ϳ
ʲô, 𣺡Ǻ컨ʯ⡣
Ҳǳ˵ı˰
һ²ΡΡĻܻĻص, һԺص, ˼, һըװĺȲŵõ
ʲôأ˭ҵĻˣ
Ͻס, שһиͷŭĿԲ˼ҵıˣϽүǸ
ڵͷŰһߵһ¸ûƶһĻ裬һ߾Ҫǽ, رĻ벽
ص, Щ߷߲ƽС³󣬽Ӵʮ˴ũ඼, ˵˼ҵĻ, ԰Ĵ޶ȥãҲû˵ʲô, 㲻һ軨, û޶û͵, ҲУ
ȱ
֮ǰǰԺ, ǿұˣڸʲôҲû⡣ֻǸղ軨ʱ˳㿴˸һۡ˳ȾԺӡһ˿ĻܣԼǽǰڷẉ̂ԿڵͷǸϽһ˿ˡ
˵ֻǼ軨Ա˵ǾСһġ
ֻһ⣬Ҳͷƪˡ
һϣֻһŲͼڶ峿㿴ʱֱӰһӣ⡢Щ鷳һ岻
صεĹǺܴ󣬼ȫҪ壬֪æԴҪҪ㣬¾鷳ˡ
ҸҾ͸ɡǣǸĳȻϲȹ𣿡
عǣ»˻Σһβָ壬ֱͳ¡
ֱͳ£Ҳ̫ð˰ɡ˵ǰĿͻã̯ô޵ĴһöԷ
ģ΢΢һЦ
Ҫø߶ѡ·ͬ·Ҳѡˡ
һĳȲϲǾ˵ûʵˣԷҲҪҵĿͻα˷ʱ䡣
Լƣôš
ŵӰھٰڵٽbѧϰҲ졣
bĻaûʲô̫ĲֻͬǸоѧϽڴͬʱѧǵԸҲ֮󣬳˳ԲѧУʳõҲǿӦ
ֱ½µĹΡ
һڽǸ
껵һţԶԶؾͿ½鱾һϯɫ£ڷɣ鱾ϣʣͬѧǣ밲
ʱټĽѻȸ
һaͬѧ껣һŮ˼˼Ը껼סʱѹֲסͺҾ֪bĺôǿ쿴½ڣ
껻Щźô̫æˣܸǽһοξˡ
½½δӸѧط˸ۡ
Ͽοʼ½ɨһȦΣҲ֪Է׿û뵽½Ǹתǧصӣ֪ܲ˴ʮֵľ
һƺˣ½ȫ΢Цһ˿ؽΣĿҲû϶ͣһ롣
ذԼһ죬ɵʧЦ
ֻԱþȣԽƤԽǷΪ½½û˼ûѧñȿСXƬ˷Ƕ̫ˣӸÿϦ£ٵʱߣ䷳ظЩɬѧ⡣
Ȼڴ֮ͥ£ҲһϤУƤһҪԺȥ
ȴͻȻ½µһ٣Ц⣺ô죬Ҳ֪ûġ
Ц½ѵ÷ʵ鲻ǽһοΣ˵ˣ˭˵
أ˶ͷҪɲ˹ġԺۣͿ½תǽڷָ𼤹ʣͶһգѧϰϣ⡣
½»Ŀز֪ģԽԽϤ
ѧϰѧֻҪԭʵɴͬС죬ö˿ʲôͶмӸС
һȴһ½µƽͣӿµĺưʵȻЩѣҾʮӾܽ⿪
صƤһ˲̧ۡһ˲䣬ԷĻ͵ؽקǸճȵҹ
һտĽ½··۱ʣҾⲻѣӾ
һĿΣԼѸԼЩķţҲ
Ӱصǰͬڷֲȥڵʱѧĥȭ½·¼ʣ΢΢һЦҪ˵ĻҾҪͷˡ
ҪĻҾ͸һô
صĺأֲǰڣƵǸӰϡ
ʲôЩҡ
½²ӣһһɨˣҾҪһ⡣
ˣҾ͡һǡ
ѧڰʼһͷֻھʱеأѾ۽Ƿ죬ּۻǵʱˡ
˶ͷʱֻؿ½¿һǡ
ӵ˵
˼ѧϰûȤ˷ܵؽʱѾʼˡֱأ
أôô죿
ػƿ½¶ӵߣҧгݣҾbΨһĲãΪһ½£
˼껣
¿κس嵽ɢϵȶȣԶԶؾͿ½ΧһȦѧʵȥ
û취˵˵ʲôϿβҪңǶԷֻ㽲һǰϰ⣬õʵʱԷװɵӡ
Сܣɹ˿أ˵õģץβ͵Ϻꡣ
ҲˣʱԼҲģȻ֪ôԸ񣬻ʲô
ֻǸᣬԶԶؾͿСܹҴҵһſѧãúóԷ
˵꣬ܵûӰˡ
صͷһԭǽʦķһս˶
ϺꡭҲץˡ
ŽţӰڵٽظĳȽµҲԽԽĳ˵ֻͳ£Ϊ鷳ѵʱ䳤˾˱˼
ΪԾɣ
ĳɣӾȲأϵһʦʦĳȵҪҲûôĥ䣬ڶͰѳ͹
˵ʵȻĳȴ˼һ·ƬǰⶼǺôܴϣ
㣬̫˰ɣ𣿡
ȰôУڵķǰ¶һ¶ʲôݲĵġ
ϸ£Ǳ˲üκͲͬСţǹ˾ӶˮһִٳɵģһϦ֮ĳȵȵףΪȦ˺ŮǣӰԴܵ˲Ӱ졣񲻺һݳͷͳȦûˮˡ
ĳһֻһһˡ
عһ£һԺӾĿҲûоóֻ֣ǸڵͷܲˣͷȻ󣬵䲻
ҡ Ա߷ۺúһ£ڵŮǴЦ
¸У˹ֻ֮ʱ䣬ؾͺĲһȥɰﻵˡòͬһ죬ôܷŹ᣿
ĵÿģͷķ꣬ؾſǽͷؿˣӵǰ̧ͷεͷ
ʵʹڵͷɲʲôͨϴүһƴѧcѧڡ֮ΪƢͲȺԭסԷ֪ԼѧΪԼҵ˼·ϣúʵС
үɶһԷҲ֪Ĳʲôû̲סظ״룬Ȱϻ
㲻ԡعһϣڶһ磬˸ڴүķš
ͷ·׼ܲһſʱʲôΪҵµǸ
ص¶һ룬ҽһΪ˵ǸΪ̡
˵ţһֽóʵǰĻҪժΪĻ̫ƯҵУ̲ס¡һЦ¶ѧеɬȻģȥҾͰ軨һһʱܸоЩԾĻ϶ϤԾһ
ɵؿչŻ
һۣʱһ͡
ֻڽ׵Ļֽϣһɳұηϸۣһ͸ֽ
ұɷ֣ء
˵ŻʲôȱĻǻֲ˱ͣ͡ʴѾȫڸ覴ã˺Բơ
˿ֿ˿㻭ģ
صҪǲţҾ͵ٻһΡ
˵ƶҲͲ˰֣ҿ㵹еӡ滭ײѧУѧϰô
صΪɼͻԱѡbĽ
b󡣡һһ½£ʲôȥġ
⻰ɲ˵bе˼ϾЩѧߵûĸѧУģοcˣb󿴲Ҳпԭ
ʹҲܺԥؿ½£Կ½µ㡣
û½µ֣Լɲ½µĹ⡣
˵ͷѧϰҲŴͲҵÿ첹ʲôӡ
ؼ̵ؽͣԼĹ滭ͻĴͳĻ뵽װҲ롣
ǰҪô˵϶Ϊҽڣ߷ֿšͷǸˣʲôУ˳ʲôǶԵġ
һͷͻȻʣҲ
һ㶣ǣҽءôˣ
ֲ˵ˣתĻϣۿ˰죺˱е½Сƣϵеѧ
Ȼѻջȥ̾طҪڵĻһҲҪĻҲոͽܡ
صĶ⣺طɣѧ𣿡ŽڵѧӦûҲɣĸط߾ͣ
߾͸ƨŲǣ
ˣʶظ
ʼȥˣˣ
һ㶣Щӵ˳ȥ
ţӣզ
صУŽԺӦòΪˡ
һӣҾ֪϶û⡣һ٣զ㲻ôİ
̧ͷ³һ֪
ֻǾĪĿڱưˡ
ţӰڻʱŮĳյطİ
ʱѾһ֪ʦƳ˶ûôġױʱ򣬰С򿪵ġ
ʲôɿġҳ֮ǰƵ·ܺÿǲ񡣵ڶֻͨܿѣùЩһߴ𣿡
Լĳ࣬ĳȺ֪֮·ҲһͨŮȺڵĳԦסЦһʼʹƳ棬ӡ
СҲͬصͷؽ·ͻȻ̴ٵؽһ
ôˣĳȲͷػͷ
һͷҲг
ѻױʦƵһߣܹȥӹȹӣ㣡
ܹһҲǺһϣʲô
ļĹȹӡ
˵ȹҲ׼ȷ׼ȷ˵һȺȹͨ͸ɴƣƬƬű˰껨һƬصɫ껯׺ǰԼ֮иԻһ͸廨ȹͷɴһŻŻ˼֮ġ
ĳȷ˷ӣ滹һɫĨԼ̿㡣֫˺¶ֲ-¶ֱΪ
ĳȼȹϱȻÿ𣿡
һΣ޵ľҲ˵ʲô񶨵ĻֻͷԤУһһᾪȫ
ˣ
Сĺӣȵﻹжĺһ仰Ѫɾǰ;·
ʲô˼
ĳϵЦ⽥ŰԱߵǼ¶ĳȹ뵽ԼЩţ
ڸŻǿ·翿ԼŬ
ţþ˰βȥͻȻӵһ绰Ȼ̧ۡ
ţӰֻһʱĳȵľ˴绰
ֻһΣǸ߸ϣеζ
ĳȻѡ·ױôϣоȫ·ذæ
Ǽ¶ģһڻؾĳڵ绰ͷ͵ͿߣĵӰڳټϾԸټǮҲӦˡ
ô죿
شϿñӣϳң
ֻǵΪòﲻˬظӼᶨ˰ҵݵͷ
ŵַӰھٰ쳡زԶľƵꡣϵǣţӰcоСڳǶһСʱ͵ˡ
زɵðԼҲĴôʱ侹Ȼûȥ顣Ҳ˼ӦµѧУԼȹϣǸʲôӰС
˳ŵַƵʮ¥֪ΪʲôԽӽԽĻš
վڷ⣬һüģ˷š
ű򿪣һСһ͸ϽȥˣظоЩ΢
һ϶߽ҡױǰһ޴ӣ΢΢ҡΡ
صС㣬ˡ
һͣȻ󻺻ת˹
ǳƨЦ־ŭصɴۡ



42 
ضʱһ, ŶԷǣŨ٣ȴΪ˵
, һĴǣʱͷ΢, ðһɫпˣֱӴ͵дҲΥ͸С
ع, ЩΣôҵˣ
վղŵɫһɨգΪĳȵķ俴, ӦѾ˵ˡ
뵽ĳȾ˴ͨ绰, ͻȻȻһܶһӰ, Ȧ˵ͨҲǺ, ĳһ绰һʦʲôѵģ
ذקϲŭҸʲôѵΪҸϷ⣿
ôܡϣһ֧쵽Ľűߣ㲻֪ĸжô㡪, ޵ĵݶ˵ʲôʹҲû취㲻佱
ضĲʺƨãⲻͻȻҰƭɡ
صЩ䣬һ, һȴûȼΪҪμӽţӰ, Ϊ㡣
ôͷ, һ仰, ḡ˵ľ˵Ļ
һ´ͻȻҺܲӦ
һǣ²Ϊ
ذĽŵߣҲ, Ҳ˵, ĳȽл, ҿ˵ûѡ
վЩҧһ̵٣ôҴһ𣿡
ǡصҾûҲҵ̬ȡֻҲ˵øŵҵĹ
һ٣γӾؿأһ˲䱻еҺɺԡ
仰Ϥ
ϵͳ˵飺ҪøŵĹ
ϵͳҪҲϷķħ״̬жԼļֻǵʱصĸҵУ׹ȥͱǧεϵͳݳøɺԣĿȻӨȻ˵˵Ļ
ҵ֮䣬û˲ѡҵ
˵ڵġϵͳСӰЦƺڳЦ޴ִţھ㣬㵱лתʱ𣿻Ǻˡ
üһϵͳһ
Ȼصҿʮӵʱʮ֮ҾͰĳȽй
Σʮܸʲô
ɫץסֻקذΪʲô⼸˵ϲһУ޷ƶֻرǶˬ
ǣʮӹˡ
غײײɫͫҪ˵ʲô
գҪʲô
üҲҹգ
Ҳһ΢΢ƫͷ˭Ϊգ
زػأкܶ࣬ŲϺˡ
Ϊҽڣû⣺Һ档ǰһʱҾΪæûкһաһ벹
û˵ñӺͿժ紵÷۽ǡ
ظܶεգȻ̵ĻڳɽһΡ
Ǹҹ鲻Խؽһǡû̸֪ĶĸоȻԴƨԸֲϳ϶̱ǿСĶ
˵ڶһҪôʱһľȻ¹ض˵ֻ⣬ϣҪϡ
ֲֻҧ˵ˡ
֮ӣǽžһ췢¾ڲᣬ˹֮ûЩ˵Ĺϵô⾰ĲϲأΪʲôǵ
˵Ĺϵʱתڽϡ
Ϻͷ˿ǿ˼ᣬص˾ֺеĶѡͬºȵҩʱ˰ŴӴĽѽڳ
Էϲͣ۾ãؿʱһֻСè
ק˴˺ʣƾʲôң
ϸί
صᣬţסĴӡһǣ㿴ûзӦ㻹˵ûң
˵Ľ̷·Ҳ½ˣԲһĺӿʼˣ
һǣԼ˾͵塣Žһ㲻ˡ
ģ˸ãսԡ
⣬ǴͷʽȥˣǲǺȲˡ
˹һͲһڡأѡһ㡱ˡ
ͷ֣ҲǱѬˣ̲ס˵ʵ㾹Ȼûܹݡ
֮ѾòˣԼܣ˵ĶʵôʲôȱҲû
ڲȱǮ
һ٣ԼԽ
ˣҲǮ룬ԽԽУֻõȻûҪҾˡ
ػ뿪ڣһ֣һء
γĿǲڽ
ֻøĿڣʱ͵ҼҰɣһѵַġ
һЦؿ˿ʱ䣺ʮӵˡ
ֱϿֺñӣĴʦпսӵ𣿡
شñ֮µķ϶Уĵ
ʧЦ㻹˽ҡҲӣ
صҪҴɲأĳһ˾͹ˡ
̾ΪʲôΪûһƵĶԴأ
ضʱһ˵Ҳҵأƶ˵ҵܿꡢĲŻн顣ҿƬͿͿ÷մѧϰֿΪո¶ͷǵʦҿ߹ô·ϷȴûӵһƵƷ
سĬһ£Æ¡һ
̲סһЦ۽һЦݱȳá
صͷ
п˵½ǸϺĻôһֻ߰Ļȸȸٿ߰ͷ­ǲʾı֣۵Ŀʼ
ټ١ʵʵҲֲˡ
ĳױöԷĻױʦס岽뿪˾Ƶꡣ
⳵ϣֻһ
ԭԷϢ
ϵգҪʲô
أ
⼸˵ҪʲôҪôʹɱмʹҪôɹƭʾˣʣҪô˵ֱѯʡ
ֲһֲȥЩȱһ
ûһö
ǶǶв
˵
һЩһҲġ
𣬿ɱˡüģŪýͷöһһᱬը
ǰֵĲɣĸĵ¡
ڴĸػ̧ۣѵô뿴ҳ󣿡
ÿǶһ޶ģȻ㲻ΪϵͳЩݺҲпԭ
Ǿ̡ѧߡϷҽж󣿡
ϵͳ΢ȻԸıʵЩ󲻵ĴҪԴ
صָ⻺ĥ꣬ϴ΢Цô˵Ǽһ֪ҵʵݣ裬ô൱ں--ˡôһһǾ
ϼ֮ǰذĸԲɵĻһΪ뽱
ǲˣҵǮͺáųĵӰž޲ӣһǡ
ţӰڡ
̺֮ǰý強ˮйͨƽյ硣
һγժī
һǰİáѹסֲʣԳȡ
췽ĹԱЦŵ滹һ̣ҲֳһھƻϿԼһ档
Ȧ˲һͷԱ˵ܲٲܲپ͵ⲻˣ
һͷԶԶ˺ԣ
ͻȻоͷƤһ飬θӿɵáһ
ƺ˾飬û˾жϣҲһθڵˡ


43 
סŲ
ڽ˵, ֻһżڵϳֵģûʲôɾġ
˵ֻǾڵϳֵϷ, ûʲôɾġ
ǶԱ˵һ˲ҵͷһڹո¶ͷǵӰ, һڵӰ϶ѵһ飬˵˶μ˵Ӱڻں̺Ҫվһ첻֪̳
Ա, һŲһӿŲ, Ժܿͺͽϡ
֮Ӷ, Ǹÿֵ, ȴһ¡


ɫ, ˭ûֵ˼, ԱϵЦʱϡ
˲ǰ, ˵ⷢչֲҵû뵽;ٶô죬ҾȻڽţϿ㡣
Եòڹ, û뵽ҲϵӰ̳, ʢװ˲μӵӰڡ
úõĿ׿ףĿ֮
ĪǷ, Կ򽭾Ī۵, Цһ
Լ˳۵ˣʲôܲö, Լθ, һǩǰһӲݲݽǩ, ס仰عڹûʲôչԸڷģĵĵӰһֱ˷Ҳûеθڵϰߣ˲͵˵һЩ滰
ֻһֱæĵӰٳڹǰò׿ڵӰϣΪֱȶô׷Ź
ӰҲǸ۾һһ۾ͿϵҲΪǰۣΪ˸ոһƫۣͷֽϵ΢΢⣬ٶһİƲǲϵģ˿һһȥģʱۣƹ¸ԡ
Ƴɫɫϸ͵״⣬ǴƬͼڻɵͼʵÿһǱεġ
˱׵һʣһʱȤоǰķһҿĻƶ֣Ҳ̫ˡ
ղŻһ͵Ľʱ̧ۣڵĴ
һӰԼƷģһᵽһô;ˣ
ΪԼĴȻѾѹװµ˳Ҳúġ
Ʒƶƣ
˽˶ơһǣһϵʱɡ
ֻһܵĻ˱ỺŪöȣĪһҫԼϱĵĴ˿ֻܹǽ̫ͳ˵ʲô˵黰
ĸʦ
£ζһЦ
һ㶣ôʦֻ˵ѵΪƵ̫±ȥ
²ԼЦݻеķ˿˺̨
Ͷ֮һ㲻ȦʿҲǩ̨ǿϣҸղŲ˽ڸջعãӰ̳Ҫʱ䡣ҲǸշչӰҵһ¡
΢΢šһüҲ
Ϊʲô
˺ǲͽͣѹθķڵ;ҪȦͬ飬谭
ҲǣڹģֹԱô򵥣ֻ֪ж̸ڡ
ô꣬ܿ췴Ӧˡ
̨ҪһˮθԽԽˣʱȥҽԺɡ
á
ֻЩʶѣֲǲġȻˣָֻǸԪͷһͣ
ǰ˵cУһôûиԼһȴŲμӵӰڵĽcУԶԼΪҲеЩЦԷǡ
ǰΪŮôֶΣֻѰپѾǿһͺǲףĻ˵ָԷںֻ͸ûʱȥйˡ
ط꣬ĸܾ
أԷûӱܣȻҲûж磬·е񶼷ҵϣÿһξܾԼоݣǹΪ֮Լĸ飬ڶԷء
ʱԻɣûйȥڣԷῴԼһۡ
֪صԸΪԷڱԼΪһټıÿֻһֻ
ֻеθһɵô³ޡ
ʹǱΣ
زϲָֻСֿԡһеΡ
ֻ»ζʱѵΣա
ۣ³һ
ֵȴǱ峡յθķӾֿ顣ʶԷϢȴС´򿪻̫³ˡ
ֻΧĹǣر߶ŮǣǱ¶ȡ
ǰ̨˿佭ͻȻ뵽ʲôһ֣
أҪ
֪ذʦʣΪöԷִû顣ֻǼʹ֪£ȴûôв߽Խӽ뵽cеĲЩԹԣĹǶ˲ˡ
Ƭ̣شҴһһҲǸոһ𣿡
ոˣʲôʱ
üͷһ塣һ˲䣬سˡ
ԣ
ֻ̨ǸԪͷ˸Ϣûпֱ
أûУæ
һɢڶǰ£Ժ¶ӢͦüۡſŮ˳ŷ͵
ǿϧû˿Ư
ͷӦĺæһûиİɣ
ûС֪㲻ҳϹϵ³ޣں˵ԼĵҸҵ˽ʦġ
ʲô˽ʦصҲȥҪ¢ң㻹±Ӱɡ
еɣһߵ˴˴üǰǵ΢̣ѵں֣
صǣҺ֣
Ϊڿ˵Ц˵ʲôؾʹҴҵҡȲ˵ˡ

վԺ룬Աߵָ˴ӳѵᶫ
Щشӳϰһľſ̫СŲȥظô졣
ع˺ͽĽ棬һȷԱߣװȥôһۣһϢӺ̨һ۾Ϳˡ֣ҲûػأҲǸոһ𣿡
շȥ;ЩԾ
ȻһϢֻ֣úȻһӺ󲱾ǣǱըһˡ
صĲǽԣ
ûи·
صĺסˣһ߰ԼϹһԹôǮʲô·
㿴βһѣӣզˣɶô㶣
ĿֱⷢؿֻһѾҡҡͷ
֪ˣǽŲĴۣһᷭġ
ϵͳ㷭ˣڻüȡ
ԣȡԷֲ֪·ʲôɽŵġ³һϢԥط֣
ҷˡҸղΪҵĿͻ
Ҳûںͷҡ
ضһ£ڷӡҪҸ㶨·ĻҪԺˣݼ١
ԲӺ󣬾ӡ
ԡ
һ£ʣc𣿡
һ㶣ûش𣬶Է͵ҲcС
һΣϾͲ˵ˡȻæعֻ
֪ΪʲôԷôæôܻôɵؾcСֻôãԷûͻȻǰҲûֲ֪ʲô̲סʳڣصһ顣
ֻһתͷſѣб
ݵı仯Ǽ²ļѣ֪еزһǾ˺ƽļ
Ӧ⼸ͻĳ־ѾľƣѾһαװƽˡ
վſڣ͹˺ϼôľȥһԹ̫һ۵Ŀͦˡ
һĻطǼ˵£һǡ
ҲԺͽľ𣬽ĽţӰϣͷҲǡ
ԱϯᣬŴֻҪǲͺãŮԱҪǿɾˡ
ֻǽһ⡣ԶԶľ򳡵Ů˿ļУýתͷΪῴǻʵŮǣû뵽ȴϸΪ˰ǳŶ۷粨ĳȡ
ŮǶǵ֣ǩ壬ֻһεӰֻЩԥϺ̺
ȻĳںлȣЩӰȻǲ񣬴󲿷ֵļ߶תͷֻһԾ
ǳķ˿ԶŮҲͺ
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ĳ߽üһ
ƬƬı˰͸ıɴϣһ㱻ϼȾ˵Ʋ㣬ǵĻϸ޳֫ڱɴ֣ϵĺױءԸУȴףɴȹΪȫĽ㡣
ӭ˵ߣĳԽԽǰͦأԽԽǳ졣
ߵǩǰͷѵöĳȼӡڿʹĵӰȻڵӰֻмӵϷݣĳ֮ǰ׼˺ܶ࣬ϵ֮ûǸƱĻƿ
󣬿Ҫ̨̲סһȹӣĳȶһ£תͷЦⲻʲôӣƵģʦġҪĵлƵȹӺǾ仰ҿˡһ͵ġ
ĳȽһСɱĵӰŮ˵ģӴԺԼԺֵĵطǽ㣬Ҳÿˡ
ԴԺĵֳȦɢ
еŮǶ֪ҪҪġ
ػ֪ڵӰϳ⼸ú÷һ٣ǻصѼңȰѾɷļҾ߻ˡ
һЩǮ󲿷ִ浽УСҲ˼Ҿߡ
þöûôֵ˿ᶼ֡
ĸױسȥǿһڷԾУ뵽ôǮʱŵˮǲƲʣ°ߡ
ĸȣػջĿ⣬תؼңȴѾڲԶ
ѣôˣôȥ
Ѵߵߣһһʣǲˣ
롣صͷ³һǰҲμԷԴ֪ͱټ޽׼ңҲˡ
ûֻǻǵͬյǱ紵øɺأûһ˿Ө
ҲȲѡ


44 
ضʱһ, ʶ仰ĲԾϽ׷ʣǲ֪ʲô飿
ѿüͷ
ʲô顭ҾǺͨˡתܿصߣ赱Ǹѧ, ͻȻ㣬ܡܾ㣬Ҹ˼˰ɡ
֪ҵ˭𣿡
ҡͷô֪ͻȻѾ˶ӣȻ뿪˼ҡʼգʲôû˵
ûз֮ǰĸߵúܽأ
ű, ƿţûСһֱѧٻôҾ͸֪ˡ
̾
Ҳ֪ô͸޴Ӳˡͬ˵, ĸ׺һݵһֲԾѡ˺Ǯһ
, ĸΪʲôѡӢѵΪӢ˼Ժòٿأ
ԽԽüͷ, ԼһëõԽԽǽⲻ
̫, ù취ѼҾŪȥ˼СʱѾڡƽߴĿʼȼ, 
ʱ, Ѿʼˡڷǰ, ش˴֣ȥɣĶ̫ˡ
Ѱѷ˶, ʵҲڲ̵ѡĨĨһ֣ôæ, ȥҸʲô, ô, Ҳϰˡȥ˭ʶ, 
һҲǣԶ϶ӦֻǻǵҲȥס졣ҺòһѻûТ²ôɣ
ѵϵƶӿЦ⺢ӣô²أϰˡô˵ţ˳Ļʣϴ˵c˷ӣҲû˵İ
ﲻԶcе֡
һѸʢ뷭ˡһ㶣Ͻѷѣû̵֣
ûûСѰڰ֣ΧȹĨĨ̫ⷹȣҲǲʹ
վʢɡ
һۣɱ촽˶ղ˵ס֣
ذǰǣǰ̫æûüѾʰˣҾҲˣ͵ȥסˡ˵ţ̧ۣ֪
Ѷ룬ָЩףͷ˵cͦﾭ˳ȥҲ˵һ㡣
ص˵ͷȻǾͺð죬ȻԶ徻츣ҲǿԵġ
ѵ꣬ǿһЦҡһǲȥˡ
صĿһͣΪʲô
ѹ˹ͷô;Ͳˣţš
һϷʲôҪصģѵĶѷ֣һµʱҲԸֿ
Σ̫̫ᶨ飬Ȱ˵Ļ
ˣĲԸȥǾͳﻹЩǮȰӼһ㱣°ɡ
ϣĸ׵ķ䣬ĸ׵Ƭĸ׺գŻ޼Ƭּӵ
ڸУ紩ſУҲʡĸԽԽ񣬲ݣüʡ
ֻĸ׸䣬Ŀˡ
ŵգмʱƬó״ã·ߡش·˷ƬСֱбҵȻֹ·֮ʮ켣ڡ
ĸڰ׼ҵʱҲգڶԷҲֻ޼ļš뵽뿪֮ǰûüĸ׵ƬţЩûڡ
ôҪ⣬ذ׼ҵġ
ڻƿӸۣͻȻһ졣
ΪҪϲûô⡣ֻǰΣѶûлһü·ȥ⿴
ѣ
һ
ûӦطǰҸ飬ûҵһۣȴѾվڸԺӣһë£ɪɪûص㣬ؿƬ棬ɱ촽סض߶ʲô
ҹظϽ̫̫һѣѣҹ˯أҽôû
̫̫͵ػ񣬱ִصû¡û£ҾǴҹ˯š
̾˯ôˡ
ʹˣ˯˯Ժˡ̫̫һѣ̫䣬Ͻݡ
֪䰡
Σ̫̫ˮůůԷ˯ºŻԼӡ
ڴϣȴô˯ˡһëڿ˿϶ôҲǸͷ
ϣˣۡ
ڶ죬ҹ˰ԺΧǽһ£תһȦʣöգҪɶ
æһ죬طɵҡϡʲôҪֻҪǮ
ҡΣʹ¡ԴcǸҡΣͷԼԽԽ벻⡣
֪⣬ǰ¶Է죺ҲʲôǰҸĹʻҡ
֪˵Цͻ˵Ц˵ţ˴֣һСصԱߣ׼ôƽعˣ
ǻôصֲϰʮôٴ죬͵ͨӹˡ
ôСػû˵̫̫ˮһȥϸ㶩󵰸⣬ʮˡʶĸͬѧѣǶ
ؿЦãҹ¼ҹˣѶaضˡ
̫̫ݣյߣǾҺѸգ᲻̫尡
صô壿
Сֹһ䣺ʵcҲб˵ġ
ü
㿴쿴ؾǲҿҿϲǸǸʲô¿Ӱģʶġ
˵ǲμӽţӰڵĽغһİɣҲ
Ϊʲô
ػ˻ιһֻΪ˷ֹ˵͹ֻ
ʱ֪˵ʲôˣĬĬظ˴Ĵָ
˯ǰ˸绰
ͷˣұȥģǱҰְָȥ˾ʵϰҲȥˡģѾʹȥˡ
صﲻҪֵĹ˾úøɾС
ŵشӦһСʣҪǲȥˣǲʣѺˣ᲻Щ尡
ػ˵ǣվν䲻塣
ζءŶһԥؿڣͷڹ˾ʵϰ⼸죬Ҳ֪һҹ˾жôףҪµԱ𣬻Ҫסѹʱɼ
ȰԼͺá
ֶ˰죬ûס̾ͷû뵽û뵽ҿԾʱôܾΪأǸҲͲǳİеöˡǰܾͳֿ̳̫ϧˣһֵúðֵͷֵøõģ
أˣ
ɵЦһɴ˵绰
һüƬһͨ绰Ǻ
ֱ𣺡ҹյĻͲˣΪҲաҪʲôҲˣҲաбǿԽ˵ˡ
εسĬˡ
ΣɰͰ͵ʣ㡢ô֪ģ
صҲ¶ˡ
һЦȻСȻѾ֪ˣҾͲ˵ˡѾʹȥˣ㲻հҾʣ㡢ѣչá
һ㶼壡ҧûҹˣ
ϽأȻûҵĵˣҪסԺʲôԶվǱߵģ
žһֻˡؿֻ⼸ʲôë
Ѵ̽ͷأ˿˯ɡ
ƿ̺վ۽鵽Ǹյøɸɾķӣ֪Ϊ͵һ顣
üģڡ
һû˯ã½룬һĸһĸ˵ֱ۵֣һԼǮȫգʱ򲻽ûϢãͷʹѡ
һʱ䡣˵㣬ڳࣺ
ذ˯һᡣһԷ
˻ȥʱ˯Ҳ˯ˡֻ㿪΢šϵǣΪԼһĻ˵Ϣȴû뵽һ㶯ûС
һֻҪͺá
Ծ
͵˵ķôֱ̫ˡ
ǵ˽⣬һ죬ǼȻ׷ҪʲôͲôưոݣԿ϶͵͵ʲô
ʶأĹŹ֣΢΢۾
ͻȻ˵ϵĴǣǽ
˵ɼϲѹôôĹ˾ʲôѹѵǡԣ
˵ʲôԶվһߣԶԷʲô£ѵ͸¶ڵַ½£
һûʶش·⣬ȴѾˡ
⣬ͻȻ˽γĳ


45 
صͷƤһը, ̫̫Ѿֳȥˡ
ͣԺĺڳ۾һоͺһ˭˭
˾û³ķǺŴ, һֻƤЬ˵, ̫̫ŶԷ߻̧, ˷ü, ־㶡
һǾڵϳִֹϰ, ô, ѵߴطˣ
վñֱͳ, صѡΪգ
һ, ʶػͷذ
û, ؾڵһ˳ȥԵһ˲һûôˣ
Իش, ͰɽӺóĽűߣʱ׹ˣǸգҲʹ죩ˡ
ֻĿں, ںǶԷôͻȻֲûҪô͵һԲѣ
ﾪʧ, ˿ûпۿغʶ, ԳûôӢ˵Ĺϵⲻ˶롣
ϵ˲չЦеصԭصѰ, ǻվɶ, ݣ
Σѡ
⺢ӡѻͷ㲻˵cû˼ҶˡҪ˵ͱòˡ
ؿԼҵѰ, ɵð̾ҪǺŪȥվļˡ
ſ򲻸ߣ΢΢ͷͷһۣһ䣬ûưɳʲô˼ֻĪһ
ѽڣڷǰСǰɣϳԷû
Ѷݣ۵һͷţһվߣЦϷˣܡ
ԿһۣԶҡȥļûι
ߺԵûС
ط˸ۡ
̵̫̫ã԰ɡ㿴Ҳû׼ʲô
ԵҶܳԡ
̫̫ȥͷץһϥǣյߵʵǡ
תͷӣգ̸
ضʱһ㶡ŶԷ۾һʱɿһʱԿ϶кڵɵͷƤ
ǲǴҵĵַؾȷˡ
Ժܸɴϣǡ
üҲǸ߹ҲҪΥǵԼû֪ͨҾͻȻҺ
˲תͷҲûи֪ͨĻᡣ
ͫ׺ڳģǷӿطһζ˵ôءĻزɵһ˵
ʱѻͷ̲˷ϣϾίһ㣬׼ʮˣʱͳ˳ԡ
ѣԵ糣ҽķɻһҪˡ
һԿһۣ΢΢һ´
ʱԼղŵıЩԣ˼üͷ
ôɶѸʢ࣬ԽӹȻطصǰȻ˾Ͷס졣
ԽͣйҪ
ôæϡ񲻺ãҲûŹСǵЦȻϵţԺͳ
Եһ
һٷϲĵԳĬ½Сشڵ࣬ڰ֮пԱ˵סԷӣһѸļȻССڵغԼ࣬ӢͦĲҲģ
ؿǿԲԲװ׵ļѲ뵽Ǹ»صҴʱǴʱ㣬ҵķǰһеĺóԵĶŲòֻȶƢ
ֻ̧һۣĸ׾͸Ͻñ졣
ظһֻؿʣµļȣһ֪ƫĸоȿڸ֮㡣
Ѭǰһʪػع񣬿űȼ˲֪ȴȻʵԣеԹ糱ˮȥֻʣ²֪Ǻõĸӡ
극Զָָ˵Ҫȥʳһ׼ڳĿռ䡣
ֻؿ̫̫Բƽٶʧ⡣תͷôĸԭأӶñ˲١
㡭Ҹط
ԵȻ䵽ذʱѡطƿһӣɡ
˵ţ鵽ĸ׵򣬸µһתͷƽĿ⣬Ҳûж
ˣȻ˵첻̸Щһ£ֺαع顣
ҽգһҲҪĵûֲһԡ
Һܺ˵ʲôܰҵĵַ㡣
˽⣬ɵѾͷĸ˵ڶû˸˵һô׵عĵַ󲻳ʲôɡ
ԴԺ߾ûƶ·ʼߵĽ㣬ҲзֺĲ
Ҷ˵׷㡣
ز㱻ˮǺ˴ؿڣ㻹˵
Եգ֪㲻ϲ̫ҴĴ󲿷ֶ͸ѵġӻͳһӣӳʺɫ˿ްǶһҫ۵ꡣվݸأҪ͸ģ
µİװѲ˶룬صĺһΡΡؽӹӣ˺üŰ򿪡
ҫ۵Ĺâʹֻһ϶Ҳܿõؼȥĳ嶯͵ƿӡ
һ˲䣺
ԭһߡ£βǶŴʯߡ
ԼװΣɱΪҪضˡ
̧ͷʲô
ԵʦӦþá
ָָ۾һ۾ܿ˵Χ
Թһǡ˼Ҷ͵ſˣҲ顣СĵӣҾˡˣǲҸʲôôͻȻҪˣ
üͷһǾԲܳϿҫԷġ˽˶ơЩۺ죬˵һ滰ֻҪĶ
Ķҹղ÷Ƣɡ
ƺôģôߣҲҪˣҪװ
װغϺӣõȵȣݼ٣ûʱ䡣
Իָһ̧źӵϣݲҪ೤ʱ䡣
һֱԼ˿أбҪôżҾԺҲС
Եۣܼ
ƽ˼ţزɵϢúúãҸ
֮¾ȻԼáĿ⡱һ
վ΢
ذ￴Ȧһ߰ȴ̲סοˮʳֻȮ
̿ó첲
ԹԹԵ첲ָ߰⣬߬סȻһһӵ棬΢΢Ȼƽ̧ͷһۣȻײ
߻˫ϡ
Ŀ˸΢һ͹ĺϡ
ſ˫ۣԽ֮٣ȴ·˶ϢϸܵزţԻ֣΢
۽ǣϾɵӷƵ졣Ȼһͬһҽص
Ѿʮˣ
ʱأ͵ػڷȵĴһ˿Ѿʮˣ½ºͽɣ
뵽Ͻƿԣʱ䲻ˣϷɻ˰ɣϽ߰ɡ
ֻΪںߣûж롣վֱ壺أտ֡
ؽı΢΢һ䣬ٽأҲֻµʱ˳ĸ׽Էʱ򻽼䣬Ҳ΢Сģɬģģֲ
صһͷһ·˳硣
Եһͷ߳⡣
ȺʱһС㣬տ֡´ټ
һۣ˳ڡۿųӴһβʧڴڣһ
ѺʱػȰؿˣ
۵ļ򣺡ˡ
Ц⺢ӣզأ
صͨѡ
ҶҶѰˣ˶оڵ˰ϲѶгͨѡ
أ
⣬ڳĿںӾ￴һۣûסʣϰ壬ܾСѺҵЩһ
Ȼ̧ۣ첻̸
ϰɫʶʱر졣
ԷϥϵָȭЩõ飬ֱƾоܲԡûһΪֻһ׿ڶ͡ΪԤУĽҿƽļôػԶ
һüģ㲻òˡ
Ͻ֪ˡ
ͬʱ·ڵĹ䴦ڰ׽γ͵һüһΣ޷ֲʣϵͳ
⵽ʲôԭ򣿡
ϵͳĬ˰죬ڶֳھµӦǳ֮ΪС
һ˲䣬ԵһźӾĳƺţ׳ʻķ뵽ֲԾڷˣȥһ׳ĳ˭
һ㶣Աݣɵֹ˼Ĳò¡
ڷ֮ǸıƷ̫̫˾ϲЩ⣬ֵúϲ£죺С⺢ͦġ
ҪǳһڴᶼĴϰˡ
˵꣬ûػػһͷüһͻϽסص֣ذѾòΪǮϲѾǿòԡͦõġҪǶû˼ѾҲˡ
ֻǳ½ºͽѣΪʲôӦô󣬸Ͻû¡֪ʲôˣֻǡ
δ䣬ִƵ߳ȥһͣſڣһؾŴŽ˿۾˻
һ˳࣬ʿ¸롣Ѿһ£Ծ˾ߴ˰ɣ˭
½߹΢΢һЦѣصĺѡգ
ѣ


46 
Ѻɵؿأ, ǡ
ذһüģεصҵѡ
½µҲصʦֱӽ½¾ͺá
һʦ, ̫̫ݾһ, ֶ֪źˣʦԭصʦ, 
һͷػɵվţϽ֣, ſڸʲô, Ͻʦݡ
һһʦ, ۽ǺθһһﵱΣһֱڼʦ, -ʦ˺ܶ, ԸԿ޺Цжô⡣
½˾Ѷߵصߣһǡ
ĳ, ޹Ե΢Цȴ纮̶֮µİӿ˲
رΪȶ΢ȵ˲һ, ˵ʲôԷͽڡ
½޳, 󣬴۾޺, ԱѶûнֻԺʦк;н, æӰ½ʦ, 
½µ, ÿȻصʦ, ҺҲѣֱӽ½¾С
̫̫ǱǴͳʦʦѣǿʦǺӵɶˣôܲؾſڵ΢飬ٿ½ºЦۣͻȻôʲôȴ룬ֻǵǡҲС½£Թ𣿡
һ̫̫˳ԷϽѣ½æúܣ
½¶ǡôȻЩûԡ
أ
ѸϽãⷹϾҪˡ̧֣ذʦһᣬȥ㡣
վ¶һŵıƷ
½͵ۡԴΪѧȵĸĸҲ½ص˱ң½Ҿʹſȸ˼̤ƽ½ҵż½һʼרо֪£عӶ˹Ʒ
½½ƷˣҲڸĸĿըб֪ЩжôֵǮ
һۣ֪ǿɽжͷһ޷ۿ²֪¶ӣ˵صĶص˽⣬ȻТĵԲỨôļǮôıƷԡ֮ǰһǰѶ͵
½һˮɫ
û½µĲԾĶ濴һڳæµѣҧôͻȻ͹ˣ
½µͻȻҸ߹ҪȻûַֻš
һȥʵĺôʶ
½µҺط֮ǰҾȥĹҡǸʱԼϵʽ
һ㶣ڲгϺط꣬ȥȷʵ߹½ҹ
һңԼһףġ뽭棬ǲ㱻Ƶ½ץţ£ֻŭתƻ⣺ʹҲҲﰴʱңôҪԹǹġ
½üͷһȥ䲻ӱңһˡˣǲ⡯֮ǰֻʣ¡⡯ˡ
һ㶣Ͷ˶û˵ʲôѾͻˡ
̫̫ҲûʲôóԵģҲһЩҳˡ˵ţЩֵؿһۣ⺢ӣ˵ʲôcеѲ࣬Ҿ׼ôˡ
½µƽԵķʢ˲֪ٱ
ѱЩƮȻǫͨļҳˣôϵƽʱԵġ̫̫ʹˣͿһǳ½µʣ֪ͨĴѧʦ
½µҾѧУʳóԷȻóԣûмҳ˵ζ
Ҳôоݣ̹½¸׽˲٣ϽҰʣµĲ˶˹
ؼתͷ½һۣΪ˵û̫̫վһߵġ
½µЦ
ؿһʱ䣺ѧУܶɣͿ߰ɡ
ôԵĸϿͣ½µЦҲֺδ䣺ģΪգרһ졣
һҭѻһٷسԵĵټһİ࣬ʱθ﷭ڵ޲ðѳԵȫ³źá
ھͰ극ۿ½˹سǼˣķǲףɵż
ʱ򽭾ͻȻô죿
˵Ҫײ˽վļգ
뵽˸ڳȥһϢʶԷ
һзȥ·ϡ
أ
ԷҪˡ
һЦֱӷ̵֣ˡ
˵ţҲѧֻ
ҧ˺绰öԷȰȰ񾭲ֻͻȻں˭绰


47 
ؾǱ궢ϵ, ͷƤһը͵㲻Էվʲô
½µ޵ֻҲ⡣
ذֻҳԱˣ͸͸˵ţҲûԱ, ͵صҲ, ҲԹˣʱ˰ɡ
½΢΢һЦǣҸˡ
ƶԷΪʲôô˵ʱ, ½תͷͶѵԲ, Ҫˡ
̫̫һ㶣, ôͻȻҪߣûţ
½µͷһЦѾŵùˣһЩæӡ
˳ڵҸһ·ûüơ
æʲôæ˵꣬üʹϣ½ʦѵһˣƨɻûô˼Ҹأ, Ѱǹڶ׼Ŀɿڴأ㲻˵λúݸʱͱЩ·ʲôϽʦԷ
أ
½ЩȻһЦҾȴ֮ˡ
ҧϺ꣡
ŶԷ̸, Ͻ͵͵㷢һϢ
½º˵Цرȥ΢΢һ, ٶԵ, תͷ΢Ц糣
, ӵصϢ, ʱһ, ϽӼܳȥĸԵúúõģʲô
гߣȥһˣ
˵ţһֱ̳Ŵǰȥ, úԶ, Ϳһɫܳڵ·̳, ϽǰܳǰѾ۵
ܳͣժīС㣬ң
һ£ϽͷǡǣöæЩ鲻㡣
īָڷһ㣬ǣǰ·ɡ
ֱҿϲı飬ŤŤгֻһᣬʣ˾ȫԼˡ
½ԱߣغƭԼѣ޲˺ļ̰ӳȥƫƫѶ־ְͳһף˾ڽѧʱЦ
ѷ룬طΪ£Ҳٶ˵ѧУһ½˵ѧУġ¼Ѿ۷Źֵúϲ£졣
Ȼֻز½½ӵ¶һ˵ټ١ʵʵƽֻ֪ʱܡ
½±⣬ڷڶǰɨ÷·Ǵʱ͵ģҼǵǰϲѧϰϿλ˯ѧҲϲҵ
˵ţתͷƢ˭ֻ˵Ļ
⻰˵ð٣صƢǲãǺ½¸ʶʱǸ⬣ʲôҪŸɡж۵ĻԲĻǷĶҪͶԷֱһǴ̵ӲȻʱġҲֻǰưͣϾ½֪ʲôġնջֻʳϹ
ʹʱļ٣Ҳⱻǣ˼ҿûУ˯㡭
Ƕǰˡ½ŭڵѧ
Ѳ֪ǰľ½µģ¸Ϊ飬ϽǶ̵úá
½ζһЦǣȷʵĵڽ
֪˵ʲôʱյصһֻۡŭͬʱ˼ûдӹȥǰһƽòʵ
½¶ǰһʱյصһֲʵС౩¶벻¶֮䣬һʯͷקҲϻصȻģ֮䣬侲ֱ½¾Բ˵Щ
˵ǰڣ˵ʱաܽʱ֮䷢ʵʵ˵ûѲκǲǾʹšʲôԾ
ػ˼ʵ½µ̣ڲŷֲԾѾڵ͹ˣɶԷ˻ɣֻǰŲ˵
뵽صûкܾšƺǳǶλƵʱ⣬пɻһͷһһﴵܿƽˡ
ʱֻͻȻһ졣
ؿˣĵ绰
½һۣˡһӣִˣԤУôĻôƵش绰
ʱõл𿾣Щȥˡ
½¿һۣȥӵ绰ɡ
һ㶣Ͻܵſڽӵ绰ι㡣
ӣӵ绰ˣͷ޳ˣҽӵˣڸڴȦˣѾͷˣ
ظϽʣô绰ģʲô
һгǰ棬ܳں棬һֻֻ绰ͻȻһУӣֱתǴȥˣʵڼֲסรɣ
أ


48 
һЩϲ, ڽԶûпӰƺѾܳ˸, õȴ½»ᷢʲôˡˣһǿºʵ񾭲, һǿƳʵ߰ĳƨ, Ҫˣ˵Ѽҵķ, ñˡ
֮, һʱ֪ǸܻǸȰ½³, ԽתȲô, Ȱ½߻ס
½ھǰƨɶҵ, Ҫǿа߷, ·ϣӺܿҪС·кܶ࣬·ϵ϶㣬ðһѻпܰѶԷ
뵽ϽͷѣҲﻹûơ, ȥһ˴ͷС
ԡԣ½ʦôûоơ
½µҲȾƣѣв͹ˡ
صĺһ, ȡ
½Ų豭ָһͣ, Цð, ȥء
ת, ϵͳɵáȻʹ˼ƣ̫Ļˣ
תһ䣬߸绰ߵʱͲÿˣΪ𣿡
˵ţ绰ͷܿʹͨˣظϽʣ㣬ǵˣ
ͷһ£˵˭һöҴŽҼſˣǲǼ°ҪȻҼҺȿˮ
ذģ䣺ҵңϾ͵
ʱһúúáǵ㣡
Ҷϵ绰þȫǰܣʮӵ·̣ܳӣſǰһƬ軨
УԶԶؾͿһɫܳŵͣſڣлۿܳȫӳ˽
ҲûнңýѾԸҲܣֻڳһַڷ̣΢°͡
һأϿ³첽
һ̧ͷȻʧ
͸ȳ촩úУͨţпƤ߶ķ񣬶ѥ£ÿһǲϡ
ƺͷ˿΢̣͹Ծµī첽󽹻Ƶ屳·ʱдƬ
ʲô㶣
˵ţһס֣ܳԱź͵ϳתڸʲôΪûڴȦôȥң
һΪʲôϸ۲췢ֻǲ̸ı̬ȣ㻹֪Ҳ˵ҲҪ㻹ˣȦǱˡ
ȻеüģһʱҺæһֱûкһաط֮Ҳûʱ㣬һôȱϯ
ؼþգû
һǣһµôȥˡ
һϽס֣һ£
ͣ£üҿص˸ҲҪ㻹ǻȥɡ

һüתһ˫۾Ϊͫ׵ɫصĻҪë˳ŨڣǲĹ֮вһȪ޷Զٶˡ
һգգؿʱ·ܰ궼ȥرʱصĽϵĻ΢΢üеĹ⻺ĶҪˡ
ǸչǸҡҰڵɫߣ˲бôǵüﻹһЦ½£ϽжӰ죺㲻ôңǲȥġ
һǣԳһЦ ˣ֪ͻȻҲûиϵ˼ҡҲҲҲ֮Сߡ
ϵͳ
ԼҪڵģӲĳ
˳ȴַֽڷϣȴûж
أôߣ
򿪳ţûи
صҲҪ
̧ۿҸգѵҲ𣿡
ض˶٣ǴչȥѳŴ򿪣ںһܹ
صȷڸʻϣ̽ͷȥֻ顱һŹˣžһ죬ˡ
ɴ۾ʲô
һǣǵ⣺ȻȥңҾͰߡ
أ
īڶסĻѾͨˣֻⱲ㶼ܸҸϡҲһԶҹػȻͱˡ
ϵͳ̾һԼ˵Ƽˡ
ץʱͱ˵ˣ
ۿҪת̣³²ֻõҪǸҴߣûˣ
һ٣û˵
ҳſأͻȻֻ˵绰ʱһ˭ԷֱǸǣ
Ͻңͣ
ͣؽ绰ι
㣬ô
أ½¡
ʶؿ򽭾ϻԺӣȫëըˡ
һۣתС
ɻüң򶨣˸Цѡ
һͷ˵صĶǺ
½ͨ绰̫ͻȻ벻½֪нҲý֪½¡һ仰Ҫ˼ܺŪסܷܵǸ컹ˣ
ϵͳͣҧҧԼôݼŶһһǿȶҵطˣǻҪٵһʱ䡭
½ʣʲô鷳𣿡
ظϽͷǡ
Ҫ೤ʱ䣿
Լʮӣ
ʮӣһظϽסͲҪ
½µôôкܶ𣿡
صҲȳ԰ɣùҡ
գûôС
˵̫ʱ䣬غѹϵͦãֻδʱɣǻۡ
زߣԽ˵Խż½¹˵绰½¿΢죬ֱȥľ߶ȽУͻȻһʶĿԷ½ʣʲôôˣ
ظϽǡӡ
ءһﳤ񡭡
ͷƤһը͵ס죬üҿܴϵǲ˵ˡ
Ա߻бˣ½һ٣ʡ
صһ۽϶а
½ͣһ£糣ҵһЩ׾ƣ㲻ˡɡ
һãϡ
½ͻȻɣȥ㡣
һϽãδ䣬ԷѾҶ˵绰
ľȻ̱ϣý˵գ˵ļգôҪϻϿ߰ɣ
֣תͷۿΪʲô˵
һ٣⼸ĥûѻſھ̫ˣѲҺͱ̫

һʱ䣬ѳŴ򿪣һ˴㣺ҿҼңһȥ
ΪʲôѵﻹʲôҲܿ
ؽͣϾҲʰһ¡ռЩҡ
ʲôû
صǲһѼҡ˼Ұӣ㻹Ǹǣ̫̫û׼
˵ţ̧ۿ
صЩ̧ۿˣƽ˴һȦʾ͸һ٣ǿɣðɣòҪܡʮӲϢĻ˳ŽӡҲŵġ
طܵͷ
Ŵ򿪳š
ܵòչ˴룬ͿһɫӰ½»߹ɪȴϢ
½½¡
½µôô
ذڰ֣пԡ
½һۣûʲôȥɡ
˻ȥѵֻƿƣô۳
عһˮʲô˵ѵ㿴ƻû
½µѣصգѾܲˣЪһɡ
ҲûĹأǿ½ڿһ˵ϽЪһЪ½ҲǰžƱѾһ㣬ɫ糣ֻǶ΢졣
תͷ˫ǽҶơ󣺡أտ֡
һ٣ʶƱȴ£㲻úȡ˵ţһƣͻȻѣҪˡ
һ㶣ôҪ߰˵һļٻʱ𣿡
½µҲһʵû
Σֻ÷ߡ
غݺݵشһ컹һ·
½ߵ⣬һ߹ȥ㻹ʲô
ֻ˵Щǰࣺô˵
ֱصֻһ죬ʶӣȴͻȻȫһݣ̧ͷ½¡
ۣǴЦôӵ绰
ĪľЩԾܵصɧŵ绰ýӡ
½²ڣЦŵ𣿡
ҧͷǡ
ֻ绰һһ飬Ǵһؿõ͵ӣסֻԶĺͷƤ飬͵ض½µ㡢𣿡
һһûа졣
ʲô£
½·ڣĿǺĶ磬һһסˮԼ̽޾ķӿ
صĿһ
ĬУ˾ڽΪЩĪӱܡԼڡ
ذҧҪֻˡҪվסʱ½´۽ޣ޵̾һѣȻ˸
ӳóһֽʵģػΪǰһŵģû뵽һһ򿪣һż

һȴҽӣʲô
½µֻһ顣
ϵͳӴĻֻһ顣
½кܶż඼ϵͳ͵ĻԼʱĻֻģЩż˿ԽģҪתˣҪѴĻ
صͷһԭһγϮȫ½͵ģĶ϶Ҫȿαϵĸء
ûʲô͸ģȥҲֻܰ㡣
ӹ˵ʲôȴֶԷѾתϳһվͳԺӡ
иӣȷڵءѳأô°С½ʦѣ
صͷ˵̫̫ţϾŮСڰ׼ҳʶЩҲûܣ˵ѡϵ̫̫Ͳôˡ
һͻôֱʣӺޱ˵֮ʱĿûдصϷֿѾ͹ˡ
̫̫ˣͿ
ҲãӶ˵ʱҲиȽϡ
ôʱԶĳЩΪѵصѣʵһһ
δ䣬һܳͣſڣȳ˳ضѵ
ãصѣҽн
ѣ


49 
ѲΡΡȥ, ľȻػӡ
εתͷǡǿɡ
̫̫ݣߵԱߣҧ˵
˵㻰, 㲻ӵ绰ֻù
صòҪǰϹ˵
ǰ˵ȣô˽ļͥ, Ҳ̫ϵ½˭ҲܲסԸϹ˵ʲôŵѡ
İ, ֻա
, ˵ǸգſһվҪ㳡, ؿҵھӽˮι̽ͷ, Ҳôһˣ񶼲ԾˣظϽƽݣ
, һ۾Ϳϵķˣصһ, ûϺԷ
أ
Ȼ⼸˵ǸĲҪԺ½¶ꡰ顱һ£ɾλˡ
ѸϽ
ҽн
ǰˣǵһοô˧кӡ˵Ժ½˧վ, ƾ˲ұӣ˵ЩǿҪ˵Ǵˡ½¸ȡʤ, ʫԻ΢΢һЦ崺, , ݷΡ
Ͳһ, Ǹ߰ӣȦҲûбĥΨԸټôƬĥȥǲ㸡ֻվĿĽ㡣Ĵھͷ·ˣķ塣
һʱԻҲпԭ
̫̫Щò׼ݣЩнǲǻû緹أ
صѣȫûдǵţѣСͿԡԹˣؾߡ
˵꣬һɨ棬ͻȻһ١룬Ʊ
ƲʣǲЩɣղӦûпڰɡ
һ½µľƱûգϽѾƱ͡Ǹڵھ
̫̫һؽŵӣ˲һӽ˶֪˴˵ĴڣҲȻ֪
жʱ˲õĲ룬ϵı⸴ӡ
Ҳû룺Ұʰ
˵ţȥ֣ѸϽССȥԱɣ㡣
ߣӣѣÿһܸɵġ
ֻûôɹ־ϸӲΡΡ
ǰغһʱһǲ˵Ķȫ˱ķ
˼룬Ͻɳͣһᡣ
ѺطӸתѾͰ˻˿ŵɵԼҵĽСʣ
أ⵽ô°ôˣ˵ѡ
ظ˵̫̫ͶסĽڣ˵ͨѰѵ񲻺õɲϹ⼸˿ɶ㣬û뿪أǲĺ
ۿҪԼˮŮˣظϽͣѣҺûʲô
Ѱ˲š
û취Ҳֻ̹һ㣺ʲôҲֻǹȥˡ
ѵ촽˲ǣ
ʵĸز˵ֻõΪɿе࣬ұ֤Ҷĵģ
̧͵ֳסԼͷ촽˶׻û˵ʲô
һ᲻˵ءظպûãԼһ˵ʲôػ˺ӵغԼˡһˣݺһУԸսս
ֻһ̾ԼŰɣ˼С
ֻõͷ
ȥɣѲɻ
ذˢ룬صʽ㲻ǻϷôʱ
ѾҪɱˣ⼸cȡֻСʱʱ䡣
˵ţһֻȥ·ϵʱ͸ղŵʱ䣬ֻаСʱʱˡ
ЩȸԾеСΣϵıЩӡ
ϷߣôܿôҲǸο
վСʱ㹻ˡҼȻˣôĴɡ
صʲôɿģһࡣ
һΪڹ⣬ҹúܺáû뵽¡
ؿһѣҲûʲôã»ɡ
һͷһתͿϵĲݸ壬ǣ۵㶼ûԼĹ
棺㶼ѾɹشӸתͳΪӰˣôи
һЦ
촩УͷҲˬص˼ǰǵʱʱɤӺܺã質Ҳܺڳ̫ɫ̸Ļ˧
˵һϲἰȥΪǲûǵĵεΣҲһֶȫźš
Ա֮佩ֵڣüġ
³ޣɤӲˣҲܾûгˡ
ƲƲ죺˭
Լغ̹ףҵʱֿעһ뵽ԺһҪһԱԺ޹˼ɵ壬ȻˣԼʧȥȫܶ鶼޷ء˵ţأԺҲˡ
ûǰ󣬵ɳƵǱˮˢþӨɳֲ֮дѪҺͨڶòһë˻
˲ͷ֪ʲô˼Ҳ˵ʲôĻ
Ǽ˦ȷʵʹ뵽ԼҲùǵĸҲûжԹޡοʱʱսǷ룬ͻȻؾۣԼһʱ򣬺ܲԼĸҲֶε鷳Ȼؾ޷ǻӦ
޷ӱܣҲû취ӭϣõΨһİ취ǡϡ
ڿϡҪʧЧˣŽӴԽ⼸Խô߿ʼûаǰߣĸĵĵҲǿԤ
üĵʵЩʱҪҲѾˡΣǼǻصԼ
ȴΪ˵Լģɫ΢΢һ䣬Ĺⰵȥ𡭡
ػ񣬷ɫЩף˵͵ʱ쵽ˣҸˡ
ؾȣʶصô죿
ֻ֣һϨջ仰˼һµȥ
ͷ߳⡣
棬Ѿڣû˿̽˼صڣﴶֻʣһβϡ
ĺܺãһҲϷˣϣϢ
Цķ˿ðΧķȫ
תͷҾһ˵Ĺµһܹ¶
ûġˡƲƲ¶ʲôõġǮûҲƯ·˴
³ޣ˵ˡ
ĬԼ֮ܳǰͻȻͣת
Ͳʲô𣿡
վϦ£˳Ӱӣһֱ쵽Ľ¡
ʣʲô
ûжȤϲʧֻһĴ򿪺ųţóһСĺӡ
ضʱһԭں
ӷ̧ϣ򿪡Щʲݵİװȥ¶Ķ
ŵһ塣ͷһʶ˵ó󡱣ȻɿƮݵ壬ͻȻ뵽ʲôĿ졣
͸һ鵰⡣
óһССȥȼ֮ǰҲҪʲô˰Ҳû̧ͷһЦǮˣҵҲ֣ܲҲҪֻ򵥵Ķһ⡣
˵ţǼŤŤͻϣŵĳƨ¶Ȼɫұгһ㣬û뵽ԼȫСѾ˶ʮĳɹˡ֮ǰúõģû뵽·ôôʱ䣬Ѿӡ
򴽣û˵ʲôлĻֻش
տ֣ء
ؿĳʧڴڣҲûж
̫̫ߵſڣ˵ʲô˿ɫ˿еĻֻҪſڴ磬ݡ
ص˵ͷѵˣȻͷѾڵշ

뿪˴ӣز֪һ
½±˴ڣ·ļңͻȻ˾ͣ¡
˾ԣ½ʲôû˵˳Ȼŵϵĳӡ΢΢ۡ
˾ʣڣڿʲô
½µ̥ǰߴ粻һ£Ӧһܳ
˾ɵð½µĹ۲ϸ£ȻҲƣʲô
½վɫȴø˶˪ӡķ򣬴ӣһæ
Ƭ̣˾ܻڣ¶ˣһܳͣСſڣ
һ˲䣬˾ƺ½¹һǣǴЦı飬ȴ˲
˾һ£ԼƷʲôȻСĵʣڣҪҪٵȥ
ƫϣ˿ûůĸоΣˡ
ȻĬش򿪳š
˾Щ㶣½ôôˣ˳ػصʻλ
ʻһᣬ˾̲סˣСĵصʵڻ·С̵ЩŮྣ˵Сҽ˲ˣǸܳĺǸǡ
һĬղ½µɫȻĻȫš
ϢİУ˾Щ˵ĻˡƬֻ̣һͻأЦų˵ѹ֡
˾ĺһսսؿ½£ֻ½˹ժ۾ζ˵ԭ
͸뵽ΪʲôͻȻȥǣΪʲôԼ١
ԼԵǸƵŮҲڸˮ档ô˽⣬ȴδΪôƵһжΡ
Ȼ˼άȻףġ=lu=ءؾģǼ˺ڼ˾ǽ
½±ۣŭԽʢǵЦݾԽ
żȥҴأ˽Է֪һѶԷƼؾͻ᲻ܲˡʱһ־ûˡ
ĵŶԷױ¶ţŶԷʱ򣬳סԷġ

ϵͳͻȻ̾
ʣ̾ʲô
ϵͳش𣺡ֺ˰
ͬУԣܺˡǲҪӴúá
ϵͳˡ
صôǰͣһǵǵĺõģǻصԼʱҲǵá
ϵͳͣһ£еͻȻƮǼʵôӰ죬ҵѧֶʵˮƽһأͻȻָѵͲÿϧ𣿡
صʲôϧģȻ̫ڱʱˮƽʷչҪһһӡһ̫󳶵ô죿
ϵͳ
ЩʵĿǳ
һθؽʹ㲻ͬ磬óҽˮƽθأҲν𣿡
û˵Ǳϵͳ˵ǾòԾ
ֲԾƮˮϵҶһֱȴôҶƬϵ硣
˵ĸΣֱŹָоֻʶذ糣˵öԡҪ˵ҿɼǵǸ˵ƹɣʵѶԸ
ϵͳ˵ˡ
ϣʰҪ˯£̫̫ס˵һỰ
֪Ҫ˵飬Ȱο̫̫ѣġ֪ԼԸЩʺԥҶû취һʱȥһжָƽġ
˵꣬һ١
ԽԽԵ飬ԽԼǸŮ
ɣȻ߰ӢɣʱҲòԼӰ죬ĸŲ¡Ҳ⼸˵ûвȵٽϣٳֽ飬Ҳ֪Լô
ֹ̫̫ؿ૵ʲô㽨ûУҪĸھͺˡ
ؼ̫̫ģ밲οԷѰڰֻԼӡ
ֻ̾¡ҹһԭڸڵķվţ߶²֪ʲô
һһûнжԷ
ѻ˯£Ͻ·͵͵߳⡣
СĵعغţԽǽͷڡóǰһþ԰ũңֲ򱻷ֵúǽǻżҲѾˡ
վվĵطĴ˿ʲôûС
ѵѾֻΣԷ״̬Ρֻ߽ʲôʽܿʲôֻжԷܿ󷨲ɣ
رԼԲЦýڵĥĥӲݣ뿴ûʲôš
ôһ䣬͵ʲô
ǰưܵķ棬ﲻΪ˷ӣǡסأ
뵽ֵֻͲƬ档
ڱҹͲҰܵĹâ֮£СĶƿƬͽڵļҾߡ
óյúǳףѼҵķӶһ㡣
زǰµԸԴӻصҲûѴڵ֪Լڰҹһ죬͸ö
˰죬ҲֻҵһЩƬصָںڣ϶Ĩ˼
ҪʱͻȻȵһƤƤѾڣİҹɫ﷢֨ѽһ
һʶذƤ߿ȴû뵽¶һס
۶Сĵؼ
⿴һֽһ֣󲿷ֱչ⣬ֻһѹƤѡ
ֻϸ𣬿滹һɫӡѹݣдšcǵһѧһ㣬һյֻʣ´ĺ֡
ԭѧ֤
ȤҪӵȴͻȻʲô͵վҲ˲Ƿᾪѣص﷭䵹Ҷĸ׵ᣬҳбҵһţȻϿɨ
ʮ룬ҵǸˡ
ƬվĸȴӢ૵֣طɡ
һ˲䣬Ǳһƹ͵صɴ˫ۡ


50 
ڶһ, ڳԷʱƲʣѣڵķôճӵİأ𣿡
̫̫Ѽ, һ͹ϣǿЦʣôͻȻ
ѼŻϳţڵĻյǼˣ¡Ҿʡ
ѵĿͣͣһĪһ, ȴ˷ֵʱѾˣյ˷ڵ˶ûˡˡôҶǲˡ
ʹ֪û£ҲϽʣû£
ҡͷңû¡ǼҺǼҸһСûôյ
һ£ץסص㣺˵ˣǵ׼ͥ𣿡
̫̫գһۣ䣺ԣһĸӡᡣ
˵ţһ߻еظؼвˣе߸ߵģе쵽
ظϽ, ҳԲˡ
˵, 뵽Ͽĸ׵ıҵգʣǸڵ˼պ𣿡
һ, ֱ̫̫ӵ˿ӡҪȥȶ
̫̫ȥµģǵЦЩȻô֪ģǲ˵ģ
һ٣ĪѹһǱҵ֤£ֱӵͷ
˵ʲôû
صû, ֻʱպء
̫̫ɫôˣպ, ŮĽк÷, еĽкطɡ˵ţ˶٣أѾ˶ʮˣǴĺɽүķزԶҼүʱ򣬶յֽǮ
ѱ´Ƥڵ۾ô޷ӵĹ⣬Ĳ
ֻõ˵ͷ
˵ʲôȴŴⳤ̾˰ɡ
֮׵ůҲܿͻת˲š
극ؿѷûгɹ̫ǱڿϡƬСĵسš
ӣҵûãҲûдܳʱ䣬˳ô졣
Ƭȥңֻĸڡĸ׿Ƭ˰طˣط̫ˣõӶʼˡ
ĸ׼޵ʱ򣬺طɺѧ˴Сһ𳤴󣬼Ӱ룬ֱ˴ѧ翼cеcЩ벻磬Ǿ;ңc˷ӣŷֿ
طɴС岻ãĸҲšؼұҸ׾ݣطѧǿⷿһָο򷿡ֻö˸ȥѧ˼
ںطac֮ѡcϼҲܽҲ˺ĸĵǺ͸
ͺطɶcֳΪͬѧ
ɫ΢䣬ԭ뿪ӣcסΪʲô˵ĸһֱѧٻ
ĸûϵ˵
ֻԷЩԥؿһأػĸʲôֱ˵
ĸֻ̾ѺЩϺطɡʵҵ⣬Ͳ˵طɵļͥ͵˵壬ðգֲ粻ܿҲܹӵ˰㡢㿼ϴѧԺҸù˵ǰͷܲܶ껹һء
ؿƬϣһǰһŮ︴ӣô˵ǿĸ׺ͺطʲô𣿡
ɫһ䣬Ͻҿû˵
û׷ΪѾԼ˲롣ǻصʣǼҵķôյģ
ĸ̧ͷʹǻҲĲŪú¡
ǻǶʮǰһļҹǸʱɷң㿪ѧǰһдҵдҹ˯£Ϊ㿪ѧѧѷ˯žǾԺתȦ
ɿԶһƬ˵ǺؼҳˡؼҲ󣬺Ժղõĵݣ֪ôıȼܿյ
ھǰˮȻ𣬵ѾˣؼĸӾͱȫûзһ춯
ڶɳˣڶݵĿϷڵˡ˶̾Ϣ࣬Ͷ
˵Ϣʱվڸڵķǰһ죬˿Ŀնͣ˭Ȱûãֱҹ˹ȥű̧ߡԺĸص˴ӣ練֪ټ
£þûز
ԭطɺĸײ÷ǴСУѡcϹѧ
ĸ˵Ļôطûпĸף
ôã֪ΪͻȻһԾΪԷԼĸף̫ʣҲԼĸײ𾴡
ֱԤѾֲܾ롣
һ棬Щܾ롣Ϊϣĸ׿ƽԲƴѧǸͨũҲУҪúûţҪڴҵʱֻһء
ҵطɵϢһҲԲѵĲԾԷվڸڵķǰƺʲô֮뿪ΪʲôĸΪʲôͻȻ뿪ӣѵΪƶ˰Ӣ
ʱԹϵܵһγһԵ緹ؿѣѣ£׼ȥһˡ
һ٣Ц̧ͷСġ˶ഩ㡣
һΣ̫̫ϵƶһЦݺǿ
صĺ˶Ĭص˵ͷ
磬ֱҵ˴峤˵Ǯ֪˺طĸӵĸϢ
ԭһҲһطĸպأҴ屾ʿʮǰͻȻʱĸѾ˺طɣ峤һСźӲףΪǱƭδ裬Ǿ
ĸһС޹ʣһ˰ѺطҺúطȻСƷѧţ֮úĸġطɺһc֮Ǵӵҫǰ;꣬û뵽ͻȻڼУʵꡣ
ʴ峤֪֪ĸ
峤˵֪ĸôȥͻȻֻżȻһǰڴ˼ҵķ֮˶ڲᡣ
ƺ뵽ʲôָоݼţûüץס
ֻһ飬cѧкطɵģ˿϶١ԤУcеֵĸھڵѧܾܿطɡ
֪ĲЩʣɺϡ
Ҳڤڤ֮עѾҵϱûмѣʲôŵģ
ųصص˼ӦǵƵʱȴֲָ
Ϊ˯ˣݣȴͻȻԷأˣ
һۿȥԭѾǰ͵ӰǴǰĿ
ѣ˯ôﰡ
ѵ㡣Ѵ򿪵ƣҿϵĸӣôûԷɡҷŲľ㡣
ҲŷϻȵķˣһʱҲûθڣֻܵʵҳԹˡѣ˯ɡ
ѵ˵ͷҲûλá
кܶ໰Ҫʣкܶ໰Ҫ˵Ǵʱ˿ӴϢ齫ӽһţһʱҲҲһʵĻͷָ֮УƺԼѵԤУ˵ôʧõͻᱻӰ
ԣ׼Լ顣
Ȼ̻ܼԼΪάҡҡ׹ðաһϣһ㡣
ѡ˶٣ҾͻȥˡҪڣǸطɵǲʶĺطɡ
һ˵Ҫߣ͵̧ͷĿ촽Ҫˣ
صͷߡȥĸϹc󿴿
ܿѵߣҲڼҵʱҪúչ塣һʱҾͰӵcס
̫̫﷢֪ʲôʣһ˲̻ǻ̴ٵİ
Σ̾ϢһƺһҪءȥˡ֪ʲôѾͰʲôɡ


51 
صһ, ̧ͷѡ
ҹɫ£̫̫Σ̽ͷӱߵĿֻʱԷɳڵƤĿ, Ƿ֮ǰˮ档
ѡ
ѳ̾һ, ڰĴ, ˵˵¡
ýŵĻ, ޵ӡΪɷǸʵģû뵽ԭΣʼóҵǸҪ־ģһ, Ըֵ֪ܽԼòãٿֻˡ
ֻû뵽и£ɷ͵ʱС, õԼһ˼ѵذ
Ҳһҵʱ򣬺÷ŶͻȻ, סҵĸ, Ů£ûɷ, ʱ໥, ѵظӡ
˿ڶ࣬ѴС, οüͥԼҸһֱһһҪӹáԼⱲûָˣǰȫϣ, ǶҪϸ
Ｔʹ, ҲûжϹѧѡС͸ڵĺطһ𳤴, ˴СѧһУÿӰ롣
ഺڵǲزס£ʲôȫˡһ÷ѧͷżȫһ𣬼ʹװҲⲻ˷ʲô
ѿˣһͻȴ˼ڸ߿Ĺؼʱûпֱ߿꣬絽ûкͺطһʱǴγ鳤ɫ䵭ֱӵسϡ
ָѹ³󣬱ȱ˸죬ֻƽظĸͺطɴСһ𳤴󣬶ԷòҲߣѲģڸ߿֮ǰ֤ͺطǻѧҵΪء
ˣֻΪСӵഺڣȵ˴ѧʶ˷ֿͺˡ
ü˵ǮǾᵽcȥסԺͺط˵ϵ˺ܶࡣССһ
û뵽طɾȻźúõa󲻶ȴcеcȻca˶٣뵽ҲطɵѡͲò˶롣
ѶǧòװѶԷ󣬾ΪͷظǧҪΪ̸ѧϰ
ӦԺҲûпʲôԾ
ֻ֪ѾˣѾǰǸʲôϵŮˣͺطÿУ԰ȻһҳΪ׽ʦ˭Ҳ֪
ֱһ죬żȻͻȻʼעʳƽʱرעӡ˲õԤУǲǱʲô¡
ֱӳϣǺͺطһˣ˶ԷĺӣѾһˡ
һ׺䶥޽ôôûϢϴѧȴ˺ӣԺô鰡
ǵ˵ڴѧǿţԱ̥߶顣̸ᵢѧϰ
Ҫǣ֪طɵ岻ãԷһԷһӡ
˵ͷͷǵѸȥѲΪط䲻磬ϾطҲԼųģ֪ǺӵƷѧΪϤҲ֪ؼҵǸʲôô÷׾ݣطɿѧͿ˼ҵףĸˣԺͳ⡣
ʹǮƵԭ˵䲻ģطܻûǸ⣬ôؿɥһ˰ѺΪԼ裬͸֪Ըһжôѡ
˼ͬͺطһ
ΪԺѺӴ
ܾʹùѪͷҲҧǲɿڡ
Σֻð޼£طʱѿǵľĵġ
ѳţĸŮĬضš籾ܵڷ俴ֱطɴ绰Ц⣬ܶԲԭ첻ȥˡһȡ
Ϊ˲úطɵģȻû˵Լߵطɵ״̬ôã׼ش忴
ֻŶ⣬οǻش塣
Ѱķϣһҹڶһ磬ţ˵
طɺĸûˡ
ˡ
׺䶥߶µظ˵ˡľȻ͵ƿ˳ȥ
ѿıӰʱֻһ뷨ˡ
£Žڵķӣ˹ȥһϡڶһ磬תѣ
裬ǲطɼŲҺһģºˣʲôûˣĸûˣûˡ
ǵЦɫҰףŴ˵µ鷢ˡΪطɵ
ľȻҲܾһҲܼһ档
޳
´˵һ仰裬֪طɵʲôǲҵˣҲźطɵһСϴڹĺۼĨȥˡ͵ڱˡ
Ժͳʧˡÿ´ǧԪǮ֮⣬Ѷ
˵ѵʼҲĴˣƶҲðְ־ͲҲڣһڸжҸ
ذû˵Լһſе𾪡ãб˻Ǻˮһй˳ֻЩǻＤڳˢʹͬʱ̵ܲԼѡ
ԭطĸס
ĸϴѧʱĸǰѾˡĸ׻ѧּ޸˰Ӣؾ徣Ȼ׼ҵ˷ݣϵͳżȻһֵ֪ࡣ
תתһȦѵⶼ
Ĩ˰᣺ҲֻһţûиҾַҵʱ֪Ǻ͸ҡҺáˡѿֿЦ֪үҲһֱͷӣȻ֮ҿҵŮ
صͷϣ˵Щһ
ѿЦһȥͷô궼ϵǰһҲûҼҾ֪ﻹԹҡҵı֪ͻᡭ
ҡһͷǻɬ
Թ̸ϣֻǸӰˡ
Ѽӵ׵ȻҲ뱣ĸף֪һ⡣˻ô죿Ļǳ𣿻᲻ԷҲ𺣣
˭Ҳ˵׼ҲûѵһڻҸֶֻΪ˻¹꣬˭˵أ
վѣܴȥҰְ𣿡
һ㶣Ĩͷ
ҹһǳһŵȥɽ
һ֣СذѸָүģֵ̡ġ
ͷվʱͷմ˻Ϲ˪
ҹҲǱסˣֻǰ·һƬãİҵһ鶼ֻǾˮ£ûŵůůˡ
ŸǸССķأҲ֪ĸûڵžۣǻ˵ʲô᲻ῴԼ׼һԼҵеο᲻ῴĸ˾ɸ֣᲻Ϊȥ鳳ܡ
кܶ໰ҪδıĸףɤѾøƣһſƺͻѳѪ
һֱöԲĸӣԾͻصӡҲ̹ǰסĵط֪cе֡
صͷⶼ˭Ҳû뵽һôĻĸֻһʱ֮ҪȻô궼ʻǮ
ȥηرߵӲݣҡҡͷ㲻ðοѣƢ˽⣬ǸƢʮͷţ˵ְֱ֮һֱǷӱתȦһ춼뿪˵ʲôֵǸ⡣ǾѾˣûʲôԵĵطǸƢ˵ǾĲԭˡ
ظ밲οȴͻȻ뵽ʲôһü
ʱֱġϱӵһͨĳָоԲô򵥡
Σ˵ĸ̫ĲjcȴΪĸǵԸ񣬼ʹҲͿ˺ü졣
ĸ׵˽⣬Ͳ˵Ǹ⣬ԹԣҲô궼ʹҲûмһ档
һ˵֡Ҳδ̫ˡ
̧ͷĬĬѣѣĸײǲû취أ


52 
һ, Щղؿأʲô˼
һܶҲûסһжô򵥡ұҪŵȥҾͻcУлĻa, ڼҺúô, һ
Ѻͷʲôȥɰ, ֻҪǵûС
ڶһ, ؾʹصc, صǸ徻СԺӣһλȫǲͬ顣
ʵ˵ֵʱ, Ӧ뵽ʲôԾʱô뵽ʮǰĸϴѧʱסԺ, ߹ÿһʯ嶼ĸ߹·ÿһҾ߶ĸļҾߡ
뵽ƺһÿһض¶
ƿľţŻƵƺʱԺ, ˻㱡
ƺڤڤ֮עΪʲôĸ׿ͬһԺӣҲĸ׵ıЩܰɺϰɡϣϵĸܹӱ, ٿһҵࡣ
ʧʱ򣬸ͻȻˣ
ػڵԸŹֵͷǰֻΪԷһиԵͨڣԴӲ²ԷԼ׵ʦԶԷĿʱͱˡ
Էøߴɰ˲٣һŹȥľ޴󱦲ءڵĸ׵ӡȫѵŽסĸ, ɲŹ
ˡػشһС͵زȥ˸ڣŽڡ
תͷ, ̲ջô͹ˣ
Դϴظ, ҲûٽͷƢŹ֣ƽ˵Ѿ̬Ⱥܲˡ
ذѶϣͶⶼҴ´ġ
۾һֱڱֽϣֶûƿǶɡ
ƢֱҲƴǡ
ط¶ȴûߡ
ͷ̧ۣô㻹£λҹڻ滭ʲô
ڶ棬ϵĲڵظһ裺Žڣǰǲиѧкطɣ
˵꣬סȴ𰸡
һͷôͻȻˣ
õ϶Ĵ𰸣鸴ӵһÿκ̸鷨滭ҷ̸֣Ȼ档
ժ۾ΪɣΪǻ滭ķƣΪȷʵ㡣ֻϧӢš
صĺɳƣǲǱģ
ͻȻüô֪
صͷȥе˼λϼңͻȻָڵھӾպأֽкطɣԾ˵ǸˡſǸɺϣԾʡ
̾һֲͻȻȷʵǱġʱĺطҵĵȻ岻õԴѧУһ̸ֻһῴҪǡ
ϻŵ꣺黳Ҳ뷨ᴫͳδҪѧҵ²
ֻϧĺ΢΢ֻϧһ⡣̫ˡ̫ˣ鶼ûüͱˡ
ص۽Ҳ΢죺˵ΪѾŮ𣿡
˰۽ǣ˵
ʣô˵
ڰ֣˽£ûɶ˵ġ
˵ţվӣʱ䲻ˣϽȥɡ
ҲվǰŮǲ
ĽŲһͣ͵ػͷô֪
ֳһӵĿЦˣҲ
ͷ׻ŻȻüۺǸŬǿѧжôơŴɴۣ㵽˭
زʣһشǰܲȻشһ⡭Ǹġտڲ̸ΪֶԸ𣿡
ĺһ᣿㾹Ȼ˵ǰ̧֣ص£Ǻɸ֣
žžȵ첱Ӵ֣ҵ˲ںطɵطɶҵĵѧǲµ㣡֪жôϲȺطɻҪǿҪ⣬Ƣҵѧ𣿡
תͷ۽Ƿ죺֪һʱҸοҵĵǱ˴˭Ҳ䲻ϱ˴ˡ뵽ط֮Ϊܴźطɵ־ѧȴ
ȴϼ޸˱ˡૡ
һǲҪԭͷȻŰ壬ǹִҽѡ񡣵ǧ򲻸;ѧ
ĵֱ죺ͺططȴѧˣνܣ
صɤɳƣҲпأ
ʲôֵѧҵ
֪ʱѾɹĿᶨ
͵صɴۡ
ĵҹظ˽ԼĸĸĸױеĸӾǿº͡һһȣֲ˵һԡ
Լż˵ˣպܾöû˵ֻǳ̾һ
תתֻصĸסԺӣҵ˸ĸʦ˭ֲ˵Ūأ
ҹ˯Ŵֻ
һȦԸ»Ǻþ֮ǰˣ˹ԣַȦһֻһͼƬͼƬҪôһҪôֻëС
㷢֣Ŷζ
½·һ鷨ͬطâذҲ֪˭ˣô
·һŴõҹϸһⲻaеĴ
ôaУ
ָڽͷһ£ûеȥ
ԤУ˻ôԶԷԸһϾͲ˯ˡ
ֻԼǵǸҹվ̨ϣ¼紩š񲻹̶һ£ͱĸ߶Ӻ͸ĸռݣҲֲ˼ˡ
˻ǵæٶĶŮ鳤ǰǽɢɳ
ҪŬ׬Ǯࡣ
˯֮ǰԼ
ڶһ磬ѵ̤ԺȻ󽻸һŻ˵ǺطɻġǺطɵŮȨ̳
չһֻʵȼʻķɺס
һ㻭ĹŻˮī棬ּòɫϻķɺ׺ף
СĵطʲôǸӲͷͻȻŵܽݣӣ½ˣ
һ㶣һתͷͿ½»߹
ʣôˣ
½µ벡̫ˣʦıҪҷá
ط˸ۣŽҼڿξ͸ҳΪʦ㻹׷Ҽȥˣʲô㻹֪
½һЦֻЦδ۵ס
£Ȼ׼ȥͶ½Ժȥߡ
棬ԿЦãͼô̵ʱ䣬ôһ˸ʲô
½̧ۿд˿ָҵʱ䲻ֻһһȡ
ܾе֣½첻֣һ仰ƫƫҪʮ䣬Դ벻
ǸϧԴˣɴ룺Ѿˣûȥ˰ɡ
½µһ裬ˮ΢ĿƮ۵ףôô͸һȥæ𣿡
صȻæÿæҵȻҲҪæ
½µæһʱ䶼ң
վæʱҲϣҷġҲϣƵʱܵĸš
ˮˮһ½´³޵ϲǷǺڼף˭˵ʱܲһ顣
ؾ̬Щ֣˼ȣЩֱ׺ͱˡʶص仰öǰ˵
һ˲䣬豭ˮ˳̵½µָͨ졣
֮ǰܹ˼һ飬ͲֿҲڽôʹ־̽⡣
̧ͷأ
رܿߣ˵ʲôͻȻһ͵سڴǸᡣ
ֽϵĲʺ
Ǻڼס
ɺ׷ī
īס
طɡ
ף


53 
Ȼһ, ҪץϵСȴֱһ˲
ĸ׺Ͱ׼йϵ
֪ƾһֻĲ²̫׺ϡǰȥƺĸ׼޸׼ҲһǿϵϵĽ͡
ԽԽ, ȻҲؼҿļ
, ֪ԼҪһ˰׼ˡ
뵽߳, ½µҲ, Ҫš
½Ų豭һͣ, 㲻Ǹջ𣿡
زԷ͵Լرǻڸĸ׼ҵľ, ǵʱм£Ҳòaһˡ
aС½¿Ų豭, ǵЦЩ˵ʱ򼱵Ĳ飬ˡ
ؾЩ֣ʲôֱ˵, ϾҪˡ
, Է½²豭, ˹վ
ͻȻͷƤ飬ֻصǸǼåǸ˵ʱĴ½ˣԵĸ߰ĵͬĸ߰ڹġ
˲죬ºͺ, Ц㡣
شµ¶ϵͳǮ, Ҳϵͳķ֮ǰ, ҲûͻȻʱ˿ҵ˸ĸȥ, ǿһ֧Լȥϣ, ½⼸˵еһ㲻ͷ
Ȼô룬½Цſ۾ǱһһƬǵЦȴǺģʶؾͻ
ΪԷ˵ʲôû뵽½ߵߣº΢
һһ˵ģʱ򡭡ȥء
˵ţת߳⡣
½߳⣬ǿèһܵص󣺡ӣ½զôأ
ɿüͷ㻹磿
ͷҡɲ˹ģЦôԸˡ
֪ͣզģҿ½Цͦÿûš
ذ̾ʵ˵ĺãȻһʱЩ˵Ŀ׵õϡ
ưư죬Ҳĥղغ½µĲԾöղųˣ
ؽʰûҲˡ
ио½ǷʲôˡԷһӾʮĳӣ˭뵽ֿʼĥʲôʰ⼸˵͸ͻȻ뵽ʲôüβһ顣
ֻaеƬһһ͵س
ǵ½ΪͽƵԿ϶жԷ΢šaУԼղ˵ϻaУ½¿Ȧòϵһ˰ɣ
ϵһ˵ʲô
غһµ亹뵽ϵͳûʲôԵķӦ½¸ղҲû˵ʲôǾ֤½ûз֣߷˻̽״̬
ԶԷ˽⣬½ûʮȫİգ϶ҶԷҲ˽֪˵ˣ߲ñƢɴƹˤҲûиϵĿܡ
뵽
ڵ֮Ȼصaҵ׼Һ͸ĸ֮ܣŮ鳤ʲôĻպ˵
תͷ㣬ʰǻaС
һ㶣찡ôͻȻҪȥ
кҪҪȥ
a֮ǰȴ̽һ°׼ҵ¡Ͱ׼һɢΨһͰ׼еϸҲֻǸСˡ
ģ
һصЩ˷ܡǸٺĵ绰лˣ˺绰žһص״Ȼش׼ңһ£ҲûΪɶ˵һľɫ˵ˡ
ԭ׼زڵʱ䣬ķ˲ٵ¡
׼ҹ˾ⲻ̫ã׼ת߶гŸѧ˲ٹ˾Ӫ֪ʶⷽϢǾͨմ̳ͷ඼֪ת̫çײҲ̫Ц˵ͬΪ̽ĸϰ壬ư׼ҵܰӢǱʲôԻҩôͻȻתأ
˲֪£֪Ϊһܰ齫ԸָƵ衣
ͨ齫Ե֪ӢԻǱ˹ģһŮ˹ġ˵Ů˺ͰӢǰŮ˲һǰ˵Ů˶棬Ůʶһ¾ͱؼˡĸһ͵͵ˣҲʲôɫˣǳðЩҲ֪ʲôðӢƴӡ
һ룬ҲӢͺһء
˵ģͲòޱѾ˰׼ˣ۱̫̫ϣޱΪĵŮȻҲΪ׼ˡ
Ըоޱͳ̳Ĺϵˣø΢ǰ˵Ĺϵ룬ѧУһĻᶼ٣һ˿˿ʼԽԽʱܿޱڳ̳ϣֻ˵ȴܹŹ֣̳ܿޱĲͷ
Щ˺ܾˣֻǿԣһϵ˾Ͳӵȫˡ
˵꣬ɣͷô
صϾͻaС
һ̻裬ˮȱŸˣλȥ̽ףǰ¡ϴԳҵ£һûĲء
ˣǸ
ˣ˵绰ŹƲ㣬ɻ΢ꡣԤУλصaУ»췭ظ
a󣬺Ůѹ·ĳ̳֪иɷҪʱޱڻüͷȴšš
Ա£ÿ·һ˶ͶעĿޱֶ۵ػӣ̳ȴǱǹһڡ
ʵޱġ
⻰˵ҲϲޱȻûеĳ̶ȵҲǻǣӣҲȢĳ嶯֪ޱĸס׼ҵʱ̬΢΢ˡ
ǰĸײޱ֪λĿҲɿڣ˵ദԣҪ̼ҵǻҪٿʲôλȥ
Ͼ̼׼ңޱڣʹ˵²ɳ̳ҲԲʲô
ֻû뵽ĸ˿ڣȴˣڵõѾõĵ⣬ҧûе𣬷Щ塣ҿޱܾ˵ʲô
̬΢ı仯ޱʲôһκͬѧۻᣬȶһͺޱһŴϡ
ʵ˵ûкޱܽӴںط֮ǰޱֻһҪõġЩѧáһؼң;´վ¶ޱ
һʱ֮ľͰѶԷͻ˼ң뵽ôɣ˵̫ɡԽԽޱĸҲݼһزޱϴΧԡʱ㶡
ôһ˲䣬˵ӸԳֻ΢΢ǰһعʱ˾һ
ڶһ磬ôһԼûڣӵĳ嶯ޱȴ˵˱ܻͷؿƿԺ˾ưɡ
ʱ̳α˳Ȼá
һٴδӴкΣֻ΢ĻԼãȻȻޱû˵ֻǽס֣۾ÿ£̳磬ǹɣ
̳һ£
ޱǸеŮˣοµĴϣʣΪʲô㶣ǲǲҹ̳磬ǲǻذǡѾˣѵ븺𡭡
Ϥ֣̳·ҵ˲ԾĵطʲôȻܿͻعµطϣûУôܻǸ׼Ұ֣ޱޱģһ㸺ġ
ޱЦ
񣬳̳ɫسֱۣޱޱĸڰ׼ô
ޱϵЦһͣûô̫̫ǲ衣
˵ţϽ̳ͣ磬ǧһ裬ͰײమһġɲʲôĵŮˡ
֪̳Ҳô˵̲ˡ
ޱۣ۽ӯڽޣֱͺáҾĸ׺ͰײҺ㣬Ȼݲܴ󣬵ȴһģϣһǶиý
̳ޱģٲҲǰӢǸϼһܱȵġ
δǰ;ޱǰ׼ҵŮͺˣǳ̼̲׼練ƣʱҵŮ˶aЩӸ˭ƲԺľͻҲ߿֡
ٶȿޱĵϣޱŮŮŮɣֻҪӢûŮޱֵܷ
뵽˵öԡ
ͻصaС
ϼңŷ֣ġͷaϲСȦʼһ磬ԭĳȵǼȹһڶ졣ŮǵĻȱ͸ߣοǴĵŮǣصȹѹȫΪĿĴڡͬʱĵҲʼ
ƾͶһ޶ټϱ˴û¶棬صѵĺģȶȡ
񣬵һЩҵͷϡ
ز鿴ȻһԼΪϷμŵʦ߶ơ
ؿ뺯ָӵüңϣôҵͷϣ
ʼ磺ӦҲû취aһװͨ߼װͷеʦֲ㣬ҲС֮ǰ֪ľaУǾҹˡ
⵹ǺˣϾȻʦǲ֪ľء
üһЦ


54 
԰ϵԼ, Ȼؾܾ
˵ܻᱩ¶ݵ⣬ʹ¶ҲΪϴʲô档
˱ڣӢҲûоغܺæ, ׻ڷװóʲôƷ
ֹʣӢԼҲʼɡۿűٽ, ˾ʦòʲôǰһƷôż
Ƿ
ʹİŮǰ, һİӢʼֿڡ˾ﲻûʦ, Ǵ඼ϰƽ·, ԪҲģ, һʱƸ߶ѼϼܻѼ¼һǿѡ
ĵĽ飬һЩʦ, ǷװƴĹؼʱ, ˮƽʦͱˡ˵Ǹֿȵĸ߶ʦĿaˣӢ˼뻨ǮѶԷ뵽˾ʹֻǼԼӮƴСû뵽Ϊĸ߶ƸԷȻһۣͰ뺯ˡһΪǷװͷİӢǱ
ۿƴʱ佫, ƸԼ˾ʦָ, Ӣڱˡ
豭ˤڵ, Ƭ㽦ĵĽűһ
СĵؼƬ, ˰Ӣһۡ
֪ӢʲôӦô, ҲҲһԭ򡪡ⱭӾˤġ
, ϾԼĽðӢ˱ڣǶԷǨŭҲпԭ
ŵЦһ, ˹¸Ӣ˱裺׸, ʲôô
Ӣһ, ˵ˡװĲͣļʣƸҲǺõģԼҵҲǲģûҵصѡ׸磬ηװʲô
Ӣ룺֮
۾һ׸磬һ𣿡
Ӣһ㣬ҲһܿϨȥûЩ޻̸֮
Ļļ磬᣺ʱ£߼߼ǡ·ʹÿ˵ÿ˶ҲͺÿˡֻҪͷȥˣ˭·ÿÿ
ӢȻ̽ǸݰҲһϲͨô㣬͵ؾ׹ݳƷ͹ͷЩװڵ̯ﶼᱻ˿һֻۣҪݳ޵ӣϾͻᱻۡ
˵öԣֻҪͷȥˣ˭ⶫ󲻳
˼һ£˷ⲻӪ𣿡սȭͷҪǵȸĸӢٿϵý峴⣬пܵĻҲ췽ͨͨڡ
Ӣó΢΢һЦ豭ݸ׸磬ȻƵ²òˣҲһ¡
ӢʱãӦеúˬ죺ʲô£˵ɡ
롭ޱޱ˾ѧϰ
ڰӢü֮ǰϲ䣺ֻƲѡҷޱޱƷװǸȤȥƲѧϰѧϰ
Ӣɫ˿ͷԡޱޱҲҵˣʱǰӦᣬԺҲ˾ҵæ
֪⻰ֻ˵˵ѣ¶һЦ
һΪŮ㣬ޱȴ⣬˵ԼȥӢĹ˾һСƣʦ㲻ֻƲӣȻϲ˵Ѿ¶˳
ޱĶģޱʲôῴֹ顢һֱüͷʮʮ
һ鰵̾ޱ治ԼģһЩƲСɣֵɵӣΪ˾֪֪ƲжôҪ
ޱ·𣿡
ǰڡĿأƴܿ͵ײ˾ʦǲݰҲ˵ʱ򡭡ͷǺ׵顣
ޱ׹ǣҡҲư
ءοͷƲǻ£ʲôʱеĶһ·ϣҪȻͽʲôѵģ࿴ҲѧˡĴڣͷ
ޱɵͷֻһ²ף裬Ͱײڶһˣôô
ʣҶͰӢֹϵˣô˾ǲǣ
ޱεͷ̾ŮҪǵãûһŮᱻҪε˩סһ˵ģҪø飬ϵŵ㣬벻ſԡ
ޱ̣ܽ㷢˸ӣΪ˽Ϳ㡭˶٣ޱڻȳһ࣬Ļġ
֮⣬Ū׵ޱֻõͷ
һֱ׷鸸ĸ׼ҵĹϵ׼ʱزȥӢҲԣҪ֪ǰ£һݾߣֻڰ׼ҵˡ
½ĴߵĶŹܼԼ޵ӢĽ
Źܼһֱڰ׼լչ½Ĵȣ֪£ֻػǸѧıߵĴСƢż仰ǰҲǿ֣ż˵ˣŮʿܺáŮʿŮҲ˰׼ҡסС㣬ǹİôԷġ
¶εı飺Ҿ֪Ǹʲôðôء
Źܼҵ氮˰ɡ
氮عۣⷭôš
Źܼü۽ǵƶһ𣺡١ô궼ǶһˣʲôˣֻҪǾϷ˵ԸС㣬Ѿǰ׼ҵˣǲҪˡ
زɫۣڶŹܼҵ̬Ⱥͻ˼
ô꣬ŹܼһֱЦվ½ĴȵһΪԷôڰ׼Ҷֻǳڶ½Ĵȵҳϣ˵ĻԼΪĻҪİӢ
һﻰ⣬ƺ֪ĵһЩ£
۽ޣүүҲǿҳģӦ֪Ҷ԰׼ҵĸ顣Դӱ׼Ҹϳ⼸һֱöôá֪ҸһŮˣﲻҲпԭҾ֪ǸŮʲôȡλã
Źܼ̾ػǸµĺӣҲûʲôǰ֡ıķǸʱĸ׸ռ޹źĸ׾˱ķ˼죬ͱϷ˸ϳȥˡڰҲ顣
ΪʲôȥһΪϷ˲ϲķ
ķǱķ÷Ҳķһǲʲô
Źܼһ٣˵ˣҲ֪Ϸ˵Ƣϲбķڡ
صͷ֪ӼҾ֪Ϸ˲ϲбķڣլլǲ֪Ϊʲô
ΪŹֹܼס˻ͷ
һѲɵĸķүү
˵Źܼ͵صͺȳ̧һǰŷ׼ȷʵйķȴź̫үЩûϵڲǰ׼ҵˣǰ¾ͲҪˡ
׼һĴһ겡ضڶͻȻУ͸װǰǰӢĴǰأھŮޱ
عɵصͷȻѸߵĶŹܼһȥ
ŹܼϳȻӲʣͷѾסºͶԷ𣬿ŶŹܼҵıӰƺЩϤƺһˡ
͵ػ񣬺˵亹Լ̫ࡣ
ôܡʹӢԸҲɲ˴Է
˰üģ˼Ҫ׷鸸ĸ£û뵽ͶŹܼһӴƺڵһһ飬ԽԽܸоڳ˸ܡ
ʵʵеֱ󵨵Ĳ²ϵһ𣬵ûҵȷе֤֮ǰǲ׵¾ϡ
ϣصʱסúԶͿһͣ¥¡
һ٣ۿȥ͵ͣסŲ
Էתİ̶һ΢
ԡ


55 
һ, ôҵˣ
ԷҹɫúԶɫںڵķմһ·Ƶɭлǰеĺڱ, ëƤɭȻˡ
ؿһۺڳգôʱèƶӦ̳ɱʵڲó߹հ˹ղҵСƵ¥¡
Ŷ, ȵԷߵǰôˣ
վǰ˴󲿷ֵ硣ý, ᵽϻľ㣺֪a, Ҿˡ
߻ýڣܻ˵aиᣬǡ֪Ծͳ, ɤںһȦ, ޵ıڲصǿ, ֱ׵˵ɡ
ƺԼͻȻֶŭ
زһ, ΪʲôôͻȻ˼Էһɣȡģæ, Ҫܾòܸˡ
ǡԷϡ
еΣաᵽϵľһǣղźȾˣ
ô죬ôķ綼ûд΢ζӦǺ˲١΢׶죬վ˲ֹʱ
Եͷиƾ, һ㡣ʱƺҲһ㴼ı䡣
˵岻ɵÿ, һڱĿ, Լᵽһ㳱ʪ̧һѾ΢, Ҫѩ
ɫһ̫ˣȽ¥˵ɡ
ǰ߼ءһԷס
ʻĬĬ³ȼһ߽˽Ҳ̲ס̽ͷһۡ
ػͷԵĲںڰ˵仰ߡ
صһͣŵƹ⿴ŶԷԾĥһָ
ʲôֵҹܹ˰˵
ֱӵǰ죬һϼҡ
صôȥˣôûи˵
ϼңӦǵϼҡ
ʶʲôԣЦ͵صˣˡҴ壿
Եͷǡ
ҹصĶͷ˺㡭ʲôˣ
󡣡
̧ۣߴԽԽѩصϣԨһţ޾ã
صĺһڲ֪ǽɵĶϵͳľУֳһЦһЩͲµģαôִžᡭ
ִţҾͲߵ죬ᣬҾͲ
һ죬Զӣô֪𣿡
ǡ
ʹ˼
ӲĲشһҲûеõ𰸣Ϊʱδ
ʲôʱ䣿
һг䶨
ؿһۣɿ֣Ϣ
ʱܻشк󿪳뿪ӡ
һعЩð亹
ϵͳЩɻ󣺡ڴʲôգϾһݣ˴Щ⡣
ʲôգûڳܣ
ǿƵƢûб㡣
ص˱Ͳ˵ûбҪôǾ֤ݲ㣬ûʮİաҪô˳֤֤⣬ûбҪʡ
һһҪԭ
˵ʱһȻ˵Ȼ
˶ѵõĬһʱҲ˭ûȿڣֻڱĺߣҹɫпȻضȻؽǡ
һĹ̶ˮɣһоڲС
ֻ쵽׻Щ̵кܴĲͬԣҲʲôҴ忴ʲô
ѵǿһزɣ
뵽˸
ϵͳʲôʱϰͻȥԤѾҪ֪ˣ֪ԼĻǿɲҵĹҵǮ
ΪʱںϵԭѶȼӴҪһȡҿԱ֤ǲԼ˵Ļ𷣡
ۣѵҪӳʱ䣿
⣬½⡣
һƣϺƽϣϼҪһ㡣ҷƢ࣬ǵ磬ǻôо
ϵͳһ£԰꣬ǻᾡ
˵ࣺ꣬ĸӴԴϣܿо׵ķ϶Сġ
һ٣߱ʣԴӴ󣿼ʹʲôãĶ
ϵͳʵںϾʵĶƺʶ˵˲˵Ļϵͳתƻ⣺ֻҪü裬ܱЩԴʱˣΪоò塣оɹ֮һϼָʾġ
Ц⻹ࡣ
߽Ƶ꣬ݾޱ顣
ڣԱĿ
ԺصصĻԾսȭͷ
Ҵ忴ʲô
ʵ˺ܶ࣬ϤС·ϤɽӡֻһûпҵһС
ҵķӣҵ˶ûпʸڵھӣҲ˵ҴûһңģֻдͷȥѾʮͷˡ
Ǽ̫̣ΪҴʹû˴ڹһ
ϵͳҲͲʵʱյصҴ廹ûг硣ԵʧԺҲҪĳĴڱĨˡ
ȥԺĬ죬ȥҴԭҲô̫ˡ
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ŭ죬½µıȴǸһ㱡ʲô鲻塣ֻ֪غ½aһ½»ص׷ߣȴҲסеĴɬҴ忴Ҹĸ˳֪صĽ
뵽ᷢ¡
뵽صΪüͷԽԽ
أڸʲô
aƴھС겻ͬƺ֣ϵӪǵء
һдӼֻٰһ죬ǵͳ˽أǰҵõһ⣬Ҳ֮УϾǵƺԽ
ֻһ֮£ϵʦǸˣ½ӴƲһ£˵ȤŽƲû뵽ŲͰ˾õ˹ھǸš
˳ˮۣޱƵǰȫһʱ֮ͷ棬˳ƯᣬһʱԺص
ЦֵޱòУѧƾ͸ҺȣҲðɣ
طֻû˵ôɸ֣ͷޱ϶ƴһˣôż
żһתת˹ʲôɼġֻҪ㲻żȻ¶š
̽ͷֻֻĻ·ͼƬƴһ
ʶޱƵģ˭ģôô񰡣
һüҡ
־ϲѵ


56 
ڰϵϳݱʱ, һҲϳ֡
ΪʲôϵʦƵĸ߶ĵƣɺϻǳϮ
˷ѵֻҪ幤ӻĵķϺĵƵƷɾ̫˰ɡ
ҲӦʾǻĴͳĻ廨汲ĻŲÿ˶ʹõȨ, ֮Ҳֻɺ, ʾĳЩʦҪ, ЩѲҪҥ
ϵҵʱ, һͼը˹
һָ壬ĻƷʸĵľ, Զʯϵİۡϸ͸ҵɫ, ע˼ѪһһԾȻֽϡ
½ǣĵǩ
İд, ͼǰģĻԼ, ֻһұ޷ֺšѾһ߶гںͱ˹ûƵĿܡ
ޱҪ֤Ļط, ó֤ݡޱ빫ɺ, ǾͰƸ彻
ޱȻʲôƸ壬ڰϴ, ʵܲ˱ӵζ, ͻȻ뵽ĵĻ, ƲǶƴαôѧϰʲôָЩʦֻҪʲô, ƴһ𲻾, ټ幤, ͲӮƴ
ֻѻ, ׺±ϳ
ǰʱ򣬳õĸ׼ҿ½Ĵȣޱ˶Էϵĳȹһ۾Ļƣ͵͵΢˱ΣͰƽȥ
ӢȻãǿĸŮһʱĴʢоҲˡ
ĸ׵幤еףӢڱƷùھˮɡƷع⣬ҲССسһ
ֻǻûܹͻȻسƺĵʮƣޱʱˡ
鷢ĵһʱ䣬ȥʳõĸףԷ·ģ̷˵˵ǻ˴󹦷ӱģƵķװмС
ޱ׻һˡοһ·Ļƣ뵽Ǽ·ƵİģûдӦײƸ룬ʱ£
ϵЩֻּţʶԼĸ
ĵûֻǹµʱûСĵ㣬һ䣬Ҳڽô©
ޱ£ĸô졣Ҫż·ʹӢϴ
ֻĵ˸ֻֻһɺϣޱƺĵ뷨ײһѡһǸͳƾõʷǸĵƲҲǴǰĻóĸľǮƾʲôԷޱã
Ӣæ߶ûʱϵֻۣΪһСķ粨˻Ӧɷװҵ֪꣬ײƵ鲻ʲôúûԽĵӪһ
ĸ׾ٵذȥҷԼͷӪһޱʱ־ְһ̲ס޳
ûϢޱ̳˵绰
Լ˰ϣչֳ˱õǱ̳̬Ⱥ˺ܶࡣ绰ίѵõذο䡣
ޱϲʤίذѳ̳̳ԥһ¾ʹӦ
ֻޱĵĿ佱Ĩȥϵ᣺裬ĺܸл㣬û̳ҵߡ
˵ĻġͷǸҰֻûб׼ҸϳʱһҾͲĲԾ֪Ҳϲ̳ǸСӡʱҾ̣ġ㿴ڲ̳׼Ҳˣ
׼ңޱЩ㷣裬ڰײҽס̻ûأ׼ôǵء
һǱʲôһָתޱǸϲĶʲôǻذ׼լһ졣Լ΢أ΢΢һЦŮ¡뿪׼ҵһ죬ʹߣҲ㱻ϳȥġ
ޱƶǶصͷ
ڰϹɵʱޱĴȴ̳ȴû뵽ֳ顣
Ƶָ屻׳ˣǻƶһ޶ƣɺϡ֤ͬشݺݵޱԴϣ׻ˡ
̳һͿɫҰףҲû˵ϳ̳Ͻ취
Ҳ鲻Ƶڹٷ΢±ޱӦΪʲôƺضصôƣǲǳϮɺϵĻôָأ
ҹȥϹ˾Ӣ֪ԣļޱϳϮĴǰһڲιȥ
壬ָ˵̳ײȲż黹û⵽ֵز취ӦҪ
ӦôӦ
̳ޱָȷ϶˵
Ƭͽĸףĸģôָ壿ޱ˵֮Ͳ֪ˡ
˷Ӧ̳жʱ˻ɣĺͰӢڣ˵ʲô
ޱɫԣʱк᣺̸磬ǧҡǼ·Ƶģ϶ǸģûƸ˵һ߳ŭԹң
̳û˵
ʵҲĵƣǶȤϲȦ˭֪ģļҵĸ̫̫Ҫûһĵĸ߶ȥЩ˺Ȳ趼ûӡ
óûԼĸ׺ͼһ˭ȹӺÿ˭ƯЩԷûȤڶĿȾ֮ҲϤ
ʵ˵Էľ£ڿޱƵĵһۣ;ϤЩ΢Ծ
ֲԾͬ滭ٻ˷Ц
ֻޱƷû롣ߣٲۣĪؾ˷꣬޲öסźá
ӢùزȱӦʳ̳ѵʲô취
̳룬˵ʹԷָ壬Ȼֻڿ٣ʱץסһ㹥ԷͿԡ
ָ嶪ˣҲٻһţȰȥˮ˵ԷҲǳϮԼȻ󵹴һҡȹȶˣҲ¡ʱ·Ҳøá
Ӣ۾һ޳̳Ǹ̵ĺӣֲؾͰ׹˾
ޱĽ졣
ϣƲ˼Ӱӵϳָ壬ڶһַһ棬ʾҲȳϮΪ֪ȹɰϡ
ˮ·Ӫ췭ظΪʤȯյʱһģһ
СڳϮʱѵûзֻ֮ӣһССġlu𣿡
ŴͼƬſ֮ӣһεĸɵôļȼ֮о֮ţ˭뵽ԼֵƣȾ֡أ
ҲЩеķ˿뵽ʲô˵ϴڽţӰڣӰ۽ҫʱҲǰֲ˻֮ѵʲôϵ
Ȼ²Ϊ̫СʲôˮҶڳԳϮĹϡ֪luҾĵĹңluľġ
Ǽƣһ޶֮棬ǧǧġҲǧǧġء
˲֪ľأֻҪ֪һ͹ˡ
ޱĵɺƣֻĳϮޱƣôޱĻΪʲôҲšluĸ
˭Ϯ˭Ȼҡ
ˣŪ񱬷˿ǰķŭȫӿ˰ϵĹٲ¶ǽַ
һΣޱϮ϶εؽ͡ѡһҶЦͰһԶرڳϡ
ޱϵۣһ˹ȥ
£ڰӢǲҷһ
ֻг̳ϵɫ͵Ǻ죬ЩûдޱϣǴϡʵвɣֻǲԸŰˡ
ףޱ泭ϮҿͰ͵ؿ뵽Ŀ̳Ͼͻۣлбƭķŭ
תߣһʢŭеİӢ뽫ޱᵽɳϣҲһۣοӢ塣
Ӣ뵽ղŻó̳ı߶ٸвһúӣó̳Ȼȥ
̳˼䣬ѵȻؼˡ
˰׼Ҵţĸ״һ绰
ԤУִĻޱڰ׼Ҵ˶೤ʱ䣬ԣҪӴԷ
̷ȹһ󣬵Ҳʾ췽ҵǧaжȼ٣׼׼
̳µ绰ĸ׵˼ޱ
Ҫޱ
ϲޱڶԷ𱣻ͶԷһʱĪöԷᷳ
˵ǰᣬڻĵĺˮôھ֮ᡣУӷꡣ
ԷϮĵƣԶޱֻò׼ĵ᲻¾ͻ»С»ˡ
һԸϵһ㣬ر׼Ҹϳȥ֮ǵ˵վޱһޱֿ
ʶԼ뵽ˣ̳͵ػ񡣰ԼһʵڲãѾǰ׼ҴСˣϲĵλޱ磬Լʵǵۡ
תһ룬ֻһԷС죬ʹѧϰٺãʦΣԼĵλ࣬Բ׾١
뵽һѹԷĵ⹴ǡ
ޱϮ¼¶԰ϴܴ
˵ҲɣǰڰӢΪӪϳôȣڷͱѹȥˡֵôʯͷԼĽţҲ⡣
׼ôԱЦϵȥãݺݵص˭ޱϮƷܣڰϳ׳ˣ߶ȫˣǿɿˣҪ֪Ǹľ㣬ñ
СĵЦܿԷĺˡ
һСĵպЩָ塣ЩָǺܾǰˣϴΰһߴcǸԺλҲܴţΪ˷׼ҵˮøʹ
ͷмҲ֪òʡ
Ǿͱʡ
һҲұûš֪Ǹǲ׷㰡
üңϴҳ㻹Ƿʮٷأôټһ٣
֪һ㲻أȻʹҲʵ̲סҾһ䡭Ǹܺϲ㡣ôֻҪһ仰¾ðϷô֣ô鷳ء
δ䣬صͶҴˣҲ˵ĻҪԼ
ջߣȺô
Ҳָ
˵ͦڵ𣿡
ͷǺڣ֡ԽԽҪҡҰֵĹ˾¶ҺüˡԽҷԽǷ
عһǡûж˵ʲô
ϣΪ߶ˣܴǮʧ٣ϳ׳ˡ
Ϊ˲½ĴȵģӢúֻܽв͸ǽ½ĴȰڰϵҲǳԸɷģ͸¶ˡ
ȻŭֱӴլϵڹ˾İӢֱӻؼҡ
Ӣʱ򣬿ĸŮսսվԱӣ̫̫룬һ࣬ŹܼվԱߣһ
Ӣһ֪²ˡ
˽ĸףΪɱ￴ĺޱڰ׼ˡ
ʵճǼ죬Ҳ޲øļơת͵ޱƲҲ֪ķù˾һҵ̬صĻӢûаϳȥѾƢˡ
Ŀ޵òԼüЩιȥȥŶԲޱſĵϣǿ޵滨꣬ſĸŮʱһŹǡ
ֻǽ̫̫֪£⼸ڱúôţҪȥլˡ
ΪԼúܺãû뵽̫̫ɱˣ
һǰ衭
Ҳ裡̫̫ϣôһ£һһʮظҽ
Ӣȫ˵ˡֻǺȡɵذĵνֱͣ˵ֻǾֵıҲǸʦɡ
½ĴȻʹˣͿѹõ죺㵱ϺͿ˸ʲô㵱Ҳ֪𣿡
ޱʲôʱɫ׸˵ľͰŰӢɪһ¡
ӢϽ˵ǰ裬ⶼҵĴ˲ϣҪ־͹Ұɡ
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̫̫ͶĵȻͨ˼ң˼磬ǰѾͺü˲岻ĶӾǰסһȣôϷ֡
ΪӢֻ棬û뵽ȻΪĸŮôӣ
ô£ӾȻĸŮ½ĴԽԽֱԴ˰׼ңϾͷ粨ϣǣ
ӢһѾ֮
Ŀ˰ӢһۣĬĬᣬƺܡ
ޱϽǰҪ裬ҪʹҰɡ
޵滨꣬½ĴȻôʲôûֶģһͣٶȻΪ治Ҵ㣿
ޱһ֪Լ޳̫̫ΪʲôܺĵػۿǹȾҪϣͻȻһУ
㲻ܴ򣡡
ĵޱǰ
ôܴ򣿡½ĴЦ
Ķ˶˿ֿ̫̫˿Ӣԥ
ŰԼڰ׼վȽŸ֮˵ֻû뵽ͻȻϮ¡½Ĵȷٲ˵ĻޱҲˡ
ʹԼϳȥҲȰޱ
뵽һҧΪޱŮ
ʲô
ڴͬʱ˲鵽˺÷һϡ
÷СƷѧţڼҾƶоѧĴķ׼ҵıķܹڰźԴİҲǰӢүү
ֻź˲һʹְԺҲûеķ
ͬź˵ʱ򣬿һͦһӡڶٿʱѾˡ
ӴѶ
ز£̺÷϶ʲô飬ͻȻӱ뿪Сɽ塣
ôʲô£˭סڱģ
ǡʱĺӣ˭ģ
˲룬֤
ϻذ׼һˡ


57 
ޱȻǰӢŮ
ڳ˵һͷ, ŷڰӢĽűߣҧ᣺Ӣ磬Ҳ, Ƿ, ұܴĹȥġ
Ӣס˫֣ôһ£
˵һ⡣׼ҵķʱһ粻ڼңӢȶˣչ˶ԷʱһСıӢ˻֮͡
֪ӢѾ, ֻһ⣬˴δܹλŵ·, ڰ׼Һúչ˰Ӣ, 뵽ڶ̫̫ͷĴ, ˳ȥ
û˾Դ, ֹ¿Ͷ·֮ͻȻԼ, Ҳԣɱ¡뵽ﻹһСŻ
֪Լݱ߰׼Һܻܿᱣס, Ǿa͵͵
ôòװޱ󣬴ûܿźλ, 뵽ǰһγطꡣ
첻̫̫ĹȼޱϣҲ˵ġ
Ӣְֺ, ࿴ۡ
ޱվһ, ԴһƬ, һԼͲ㱻½ĴȴȥһԼȻΪ˶ԷŮˣ
뵽ĺôأһػЩȥЩˣ÷⡣
ô֪ʱܳĸ׺ˣϽĵߴᣬѾ̲סֿˡ
˼죬ӢͻȻһĹŮҲǸϲ£ȻĵĻʼϲֻ½Ĵɫԡ
ָ̧֣ģȥ֪뵽ʲôпʼޡ
ǰһĻ·ʷݣƺ뵽ĳڱŶӵŮˡӢôܿĵĻû뵽ʮǰ½ݣ
ɱ촽˻𣺡ˣ
һתͷȥȴ½Ĵȴǻ﷢աա۾һʹϵȥ
׼ұҳһţҿŹܼ侲Ͻ̫̫ҽԺ
ȹȴ½Ĵһֱѣҽ˵ԹҲǱֲˡ
һ͵˱ֲˣĿԺֻܼܵͣϣ߾ˡ
ӢҽԺ˺ôһͨĸϽȰҪ̫żβÿȥ⡣
ҽȥﶼһֲֻܿת¡
Ӣ첱Ӵ֣ǮҾͲұȫҲһܰѵҽ
ҽӢĻƢ˭ûáǸҽѧר˼Ҳ˭ġ
ӢʲôרңϾȥ룬ҴǮȥͲ벻һרң
ҽ̾˵ûѾҽרҡΪ˹˼ԴȾһֱڹ⣬Ҫȵ컹ѡ
Ӣʱһ㶡
׼Ҫȥһ˰׼ңǡáǡáʱһͨ绰ļƻ
һֻ
һΪһȴû뵽ԷֱӸ˵aȡĵƬѾϣλҪɱˡϵķɻϾҪߡ
شǻСʱʱҴ绰ʲô˼
õͳɳƵ˵㡣
صҲ
ĺֻţ˵ˡ
ܲˣˣҼһߡ
˵绰뵽ҪȥܼĻЩ׼ܻܿᱻԷķ˿֡
ûаԼʵΪ֪ԽξԽá򵥻˸ױŵʱһöզˣ
ſϣô
ѵ˵һʣ
һŷױ߿ŵӰټͲͣеѪӡھվǰҲһһ۾ϳ
ʣô㻯ȥɶ
رߴЬߵͻ
ͼϿ˿զô¶أҸֻ𣿡
زԣعЦãǣ¶ࡣ
˻һ۾ͿһվڲԶŴ´ñΧҪ˫̫ԵȣԼϲ
߹ȥһѾץס󣺡㻹Ķߣ
صҿˡôϳҵģ
㻯ױĨһҲϳ
ϣصôҪɱ𣿡
˵ͷñµ˫β˵Ĺ⣺ܿ졣˵ţ۽һ䣬ƺҲܿǣΪƣݺж۵òе˵ҲҪȥһδϷꡣ
ʣǸӰĽʲô
˶٣û˵
¾͸
תͷԽʱӹ׷ɱּʹʱ⵹Ҳ޷ıȥ
Ǳ˵Ľ֣ڽɳƵɤƺԤʾʲô
Щ仰תͷһüġȴû뵽һ˫۾
ԱһŮӻǸѧסشͽڽ΢΢¶۾ָͣԾԾԵóֻ
ظϽקһ½ʱˣٲ͸ϲϷɻˡ
˿ʱ䣬ǻСʱվðɣǸˡ
ͻȻʣҵĽʵһһûôͻȻaء
һ٣뵽Ͱ׼ҵЩëһҳһŵ£ʶһüֻѧУЩҪˡ
ʹҵľ֪òҲ¿ˮ
ĲԾʶ˵ʲô뵽Լ˽ĵֱִǡ
һʱܷ˴ġ
Ϊĸ׵ĸңСһָѹĻ֮Ҳʼģ˵֮뷨Ȼıˡ
ԷʣְûԵ̬ȷġڶԷΪԼ˺˵ȦҲ룬ضԼļ֪֮ͥԸ
񡭡
ǾطĵºӣȻͬһƽϣƺԶཻһ졣
ǰһηְ֣ѶԷߣҪ´Էȴϼѡ
ƽֱ۽ȴŵģصҪˡ
صͷĿͶԷ죬ͻȻһС
Ůͬ͵سػΪԷϳ˽ɵһ
ʶذ˻ȴû뵽ԷԽǣֱԶĳգ
ԲۣԲۣҾȻż񣡡
ż񣿲ǽأͬʡ
һżżǣһҽ˧ҽ
˭



58 
ᵽ, ֻҪǺҽѧйص˻϶˵֡
½µĺϵĳͬСţ·עҪ, һ
ʮͱҵڹѧҽѧԺܳҽ֪ʶҲҽ, ѵܽҽϵ, ٴо, Ĺ˹֢˺ҽԺе, ʹٶǮȨҲ޷
һ޵ˣһҽݳΪЩ˵żҲ޿ɺǡ
ʱ, ִӺسΪתһë£, 硣
ĵһۣԲ͹Ǹպյҽѧϵ˵ҽ, ̫ƭԡ
һװĸӣ˾ܡ, ·һòꡣ
ϸĵƤܱ, ܿһ΢ѡƤܱƺܿƤɫѪܡָָܱûһ㱡룬ش͸Ĺ, ƺܴ͸ָ¶ϡķʸ, Ա˸, һֽ
, еƺֻܳסǰһ
˫ͬõɻһ㱥΢ݵ촽Ψһʻɫ
䣬û·ŮԱߣǶ˵ļû˿Ӧ
Ȼ˵֮ӣ˵ȴͬɷǡ
ʵ˵ԤĻ⼸ͻȻ֣ԷһͻȻڳϳ֣Ҳܻ½һͻȻ·ϳ֣ǽһĹϳ֣ǧû뵽ڽҲڵ³֣
һ˼棬ǮҲ˵߲ܿ
ϲˣ
㿴ܿġҧ
ȻûСֻǶһ㲡ȴΪҽѧŵȤˡ
ۿŶԷҪ·ǣһϽýҪεصס
ȻòǽС磬ѵȫĴˣһҿڲ𣿡
شҳҧ˵
ĳĬΪĬϡȻϲʱѵԼϧͷ뵽ǰûзֵʱǸʱ·һԶ޷ͣĻԼȤ֮⣬еΧԼת
ľҵ棬Ҳ̫ͬ档ǰΪԭ򲻵òֿʱҲδֲֳᡣ
ԼŮѣҲԼľˣʵ޿κΡ
ط֮ٶȼ棬ֱ۵֪ҵжôִţǰΪΪԼûֵء
̽ͽֵ״£ͻȻչֳ͹ܳˡ
ԶǲشԶųһһĿ쵽ʱˡ
̾ɻöá
Ͻߡ
ϷɻϵͳʣҲˣҪͬʱĸˣҪ㹻׼
뵽ĸ˵Ըÿǣ뵽ԼȰ׼ҵЩ£оͷʹѡ
ʲô׼ҵǮߵ׼𣿡
ұֻ֤Ҫټһʱ䣬ͻǵҲ
ʲôת۹Ǳֲһ⡣
ģıĿܣʱԴ
ϵͳĻȻֹ
ԴĬֱ֡ϵͳᵽܶΣѵԴϵͳĺҪ
ֻ˵ϵͳҪ
صͷˣ㲻ҪنˡԴȥƵҰֲֻĸǷҸʲô
˵ɣϵͳòڳΪʵ֮ǰһԴá
һƺʶʲôоԼץסϵͳԾβ͡
ԴֻʵԴõġҲ˵˵ĽǮŻҽǿԱõġ
ôϵͳסĸΪ˵ȴڵĵ
˵ΪԴԶûеڵһ죿
⣺ˣ˵ֻ֪쵽ҵġաˡϱӵǼұײڣñһΡ
һߴϼӿ˽̵ġ
ã㡣
⣬߳ŵķͣס˽Ų
ҽôˣ
ĵƤһ̧еı㿪ڡתټĻĬ
㿴ʲôˣһеԺ
ҶϤҶÿһ羭硢ÿһƤÿһԡҲϴʹױ
㿴ˣ
ǡ
ϵͳʼĬþõҾ֪һᵽ
ҵһܾˡղŻû˿˲Զİڿлɢ
ϵͳϵǣûгػָ뿪
Ѿʧõϳȥ޴ķǵһ


59 
ڵĸ, ؿѶԸһ
˵һμ棬ļʱġĥϵͳҲҶĹָֻ, Ϊ˷, һֱӰ˷ҵĸ, ˳ھӡ
ͷһ, Լŵ˵ȵһҪС
ϵͳܷƽС֮ңǰҽƴѧѧ, ֪Թ࣬һҽԺԺбϵļͥ첻㣬ಡ
ҵ, ֮һ䣬û뵽һҽϵͳ, Լ壬ҽϮĵ·
ŶھӼ߶, ֱ˱, ǰķֻؿڡ
ð
˵ĵһ仰
ϵͳܹ, ϶ܹݡĥϵͳʲôѾԾˣܸصΪɡ
û˵ŰɫС, Ƥȳ, ŹվǰһһҪ
, ֻһͷڷڵӸۡ
ʹһСôֱ׵ĳЦ, ͫ׶ûжһ¡
Եı䲻ͬȫû·ǰֻһſ
ĸţཫΪԭ򣬷СͲ˵ЩڰסһͬСϲʤҶ߶رһҪһ档
Ȼð׾£ĸϲӦпδŮοơ
ϵͳԸôƣҾܾ罻򵥵ԭȱٰСĸ׾ͲڣæҽԺĹĸ֮١ֻҪ΢һģԷ϶ж£ɹΪ
ֻϵͳ˶̫ãǵ͹ԼҶӵĸԡ
ÿ棬޶ԡһĴľżһ̨ϣصੲݺ޷Ӧ
صͷĻﱧһСѾᣬûһӣƵķ
㶼ô˻С
û˵һ޷Ӧ
׼ȷ˵͵زڡ
ϵͳֻҲ޿κεһ졣
ɿɰŮӶԼҶԷӦɵʧĸڲ˷ĲԾָ԰ԼҺӶˣϽԶ롣
ȻҪͲˡ
ÿ춼ҷֻ׷ŶԷʶҲѶԷ˳ĬԣԺǰĬ׮ӡ
ػصܳЦĸΪǸŹֵСԼҹŮɵˡ
ƱһҲû뵽ôáһľôŲ˵֪ǸЦ̫軹ģֻǸþ̾ĹŹ֡
һĸû˵һ仰
һ죬ôȥҲǸ£ҪĽַ˭֪СÿʲôͿšԼڱɵӡɵɵ
óһӣдд
ǦֽĦֲڶƽ˫۷ſ͵ķһۡ
Ȼ߾Ͷסˡ
ڻһȹӣһʹú򵥵ǦҲڲز˻ȹӡòǳһͯ֡
㡭ڻʲô
ڣ˵ˡ
һͣתͷüҡ
һսӮˡ
عϵͳڸ̾Ը⼸һס¹ƺ«Ի۶½£ƨķ⾰ֻһľͷķÿ˶һ»䵽
Ȼ⼸˵ĶصԭϾϵͳģûҲô²ǡ
ʵһ˵ܾˡ
ʲô£˵
Żһ˰׼ңǱϾ׼ŸңôóȻǰȥôãǸӢ˸绰
绰ӢɳƣػԶ׼ĲͷҸɴܾİݷá
ز˲Ծͬʱӵ½µĵ绰ΪabĿеĺͻȻмûü
aУ˳һˡ
ʱصһȴζĴѧѵûвͣһϵͳʲôʱһлֱ˵ˡ
ϵͳʹһݣѧϰǰ£޽ӽࡣ꣬˵⣺ϵͳϼһ¾йԵ츳лĻܲܰǡ
סزµϵͳҪ˵ʲôڳԺúȺãҵΪȥԱˡһٴ˵ⲻ𣿡
ϴθһϴθԽģ㿪
ҵǡ㲻ҵǮʱһûĶͻĶȥҪҡ
Ժϵͳ²ۣһɵذ
ǵҲŹ߾ֻһˣҲܴסһֻ޶ëɣ
ǲһȻôһȴ˵ˡ
Ӱ칫¥úԶͿڶĽ֡
пΣ²ܳˡ
⣬һתһɫӰӽѧ¥
ޱ
ԷÿμǱ۸Сϱһض㣬첻֪ôģȻֱ
ۡ
ޱ°̧Ļȣƽʱ֡


60 
ޱߵǰ, ʣأôˣ
زһԵˣȻʲôԾʱҲ, ӵġ
ֻ̧˻ӣŪļ
ҵͬѧղ, ֻĬĬվں治˵, ޱߵ鷢, õغѣ
ʲôļҪԻ죿Ϊ½ڵĹϵ, ֻҪһ绰¡
عЦҺ½ʲôϵ
ޱһҧŴ½㰡һʱ͸һױǩ, ȥb󣬳ѧѧУ˭
ɫ˱䡣Цû취ϾҲѧϰ, Ư, ҪҲΪ˰ͽҸǩ
ޱһ, һӹ߷ߵزٿˡѵҲ֪Ȥ, ϽҸˡع񫣬˵Ҫߣ֪ޱ֪ʲô鵤ҩƽʱʹĲֱͦˣؿڵ°, Ҳˣ
һ£أǲҵԼѣ
Ȼغٶ, в͸ǽ, ޱ֪, ز⡣
ǡô, ѵҪݷΪҵǰ, ȥʱǵô
ޱԱѡִһ¡ǰ۸ڶ, Ѳ, ˵ĹϵҲܣ˴󷽣ѾˣߵҲ˶˵صС࣬Լ֪Ȼ裬裬ЩѵļҾôﶼһͬʡޱ˳̳Ĵ֮ǰĵλһġ
ޱѡúϲϸʵڵıѾشˡ
ʱͬգڵޱ·һǵαӷ˵Žζ
ǰʲôҪǰġ˻Ǹ飬˾ͱˣһҲû塣
ÿޱǰǴӿ߳Ůǣʲôʱڴѧ
Ȥ´ޱҪΪôڳ˰׼ҵŮʸѵˣ
Ůޱ˳ˡʲôЦֻһָ߸ϵġأأҵڲŷ档
߹ȥ΢ЦһķϣбҪȰ䡣ϼҺúźѰɣҪ󲻸˺ˡվ㡣
˵ţתԶȴĳ̳
ֱ̳ۣޱߡֻߵУſڣ̲סͷһۣȻջߡ
ޱԷĿⲻԼϣǵЦ⵭˼֣ݺݵսֱ̳ۡ
׼Ѿˣ̳ڻ¡
ĸ׵Ļȫģ
뵽¹΢Ц̳磬һʲô
ļϵĻңŶʼ˼̫ԾˣޱǰһҳڵĻ±һһʲôʱӲˣ
ǡʲô̡
ĵʲôôǰ׼ҳʲô£
磬ԼôһĿΣһֱڹ˾ϼһˮѹѹðɤӣ
ˡͷҸˡ
˵ǴûʲôֻܿǸܵ裺Դϴڸ߶г֮󣬰׼ҵܵӰ죬˵ԳϮʹԵưϷװҲ١Ҫ˵ص㲻ѵü˹ӣ
ǰںЩܺȾƵʱ֣кüϵĸ߲㲻ˣһĪӡ齫ʱҲ˵׼⼸Ųͣƺʲô·
룬ʣʲôԾ
һüûʲôԾһ룬ֻЩܵǴ齫ˡ
˼
´׼ҵ£ֱصԸ񣬲ֻǰô򵥣شչȥͷʲô
ذѽޱĲԾ˵ˣ׼ҿ϶Ƿʲô£Ҳ֪ޱĻǺ̬ȷǿӲġ
ѵλˣӢѾصף˰Щһĸرɫѹʮ˷ܡ
شĥһָ⣺ܡޱĸһܽŮˣʹλΪԺҲϲñֳֻޱ̫ᣬ¸ն£̲סҫ
ֻǡذһüģΪʲô׼һŲͣѵλ̫ԸɴͲˣ
ü˼ҴţֻС죺Բ˳ޱ̫̫һֱϲ˳˰ϵĶ³ˣ˭Ӷ˰
һ˵ȴͻȻ뵽ʲôһֱڰעڰ׼ĲԾϣȴҪ顪ôλģ
ƲޱĸףǶԷûһԺյݣһŮΪȵİ׼ҿǾԲܵϰ׼ĸġ½ĴȲЩһҲ
ԣǿʲôƽһϰΪ˰Ӣʽˣ
뵽׼ıŲ͵ʶʲôɴۡ
׼̫̫ûˣһѶӭж⣬׼ҵ֮Ҳˡ
ȭͷһ°׼ҡҸû˵Ļҡ
ͷϡֻͷҪʲô
صȻҲܹؽȥҾ͵͵ؽȥ

Ҫ½ĴȱתƵ˱ɶŹܼÿ粽չš
̫̫岻ãҽԺĥ˼ݵòӣʱڴϣؿڻȥһ硣
ǺñӣغţŹܼҲĳء
塣Ӣ϶¥û˵̾һ⼸չˣҪȻҼɡ
Ϸ˵ϲķŹܼҡͷԴ½ĴȲͷ˼ư׷ֱͦļҲˡǱ׳˾¶͵ƣ̬
ȻǰʲôҪܵĹܼôĽԼҪϸĵչĸףӢҲ˵ʲô
ĸôôִšͱķһ뼸Ҳû⡣
Źܼһҡͷ˵Լԡ
ӢȰ¥ʱӢʣǸʲôҽϵ𣿡
ôסŹܼҿЦһʵ˵˰ɣڵİ׼Ӵ󣬵˼ҷҽǰġûԷ׸˭Ǹǵﲻġһ˵ʹҽӲǰ治֪жٸȰ׼һҪӴļڵš
ʹȨƣڲħǰ˶ϡ
ҽ֪߳˵ʲô֢ﶼҩһܵҽûĸʶûĸΡ
ıѹ˻ʹֻ̤ظҲܸ
ԣһЩ˵鵤ҩˡ
ﲻǺڵİ׵ġڹģҹʤ䷳Ϊ˶Щ˵ɧţɴȥ˷ޣΣյĲĵһߡ
ô꣬о֢κĲλعֻǲμһҽѧ飬Ȼ˵õ٣ǰѾҵĴſŵˡ
ӢĨ˰˵aôõĻҲ
ŹܼΪѵɫش
£طʱӢɫôÿ
ĴŰɫ˯£鲼ϣڿ۵ʵʵ
ѰӢ£Է˰̫ѨΪ̫̫Ĳ񣿡
ӢͷۿǸҽaУȴû취ʵ˱
ĵǸҽô
ܸ쵼˿ܲ𣿡˵ţӢֳô¾ǰѰϸҲܸ迴
ӢС½Ĵȵ߳ʳסлǾ̶½ĴȵӰ졣½Ĵһ£˵ĸ֮飬˵ĹҲûˡ
׼һ֧ǼõмϲһֱšΪ½Ĵһʱ½ĴȻˣҪЩϼһ֪Ϣǵóðڴڷ粨ʱ˺
ŷϢ彡Ϊɲټ͡
ֻ֪һʱһñع⣬ֻܾĸѹ⣬Ψһϣˡ
Ҳֲܰ˽ѰͣסŹܼǲЩ󣿡
Ӣţ⻰ɴķιӣ֪ƨҼ˶ٲβһֲˣ
Ĳ˵ˡӢһ裺ֻʡ
İϸҿŹܼȻź̫̫꣬ǸˡźɣǸŮҲЩһǸҽһϵϵҽԺҲܷһﲻǣ
Ӣ˻𣬻һκͰ˵öԡżˡ
˵ţתƻ⣺ޱޱû
ˡ⼸ѧҽѴҽԺ£̫˾˯ˡ
Ӣ֣ĸŮ֪ˡ
Īأ뵽صͨ绰һײǰ׼ҵĸҲӢ֡졣
ȻޱޱôǵĸŮҲͶˡӽԺúúöԴԿĸŮˡ
ҹĵظޱš
ôŻ֪ǰôĻ𣿡
ޱ£һڣҧŴ˵
Ŀϵĺۼ￴ղʲôɸֺ֣ͳ̳һˣ
ޱɫһ죬СŮѡʲô
üǲǳʲôˣ
ޱľĸ׵ίصҲûʲôǾҲǰˡǰһңҳȥԷܾЩԾ
ģǰ׼ҵС㣬ôܱ˼仰ͼٷƭˣ
̳ûƭҡޱʶر⡣
Ů⸱ֵ촽εˣǰ׼ҵĴС㣬ҪƭҲֻ潻ʵҲͲˡЩ¹ȥҸʱǰѻ鶩ˡ
飿ޱһϲȻԥصǡЩʲôʱܹȥ
ϵ㲻õġǽģȹһȶȥˣٰ²ƷƳ̡ȥ˵Ǹҽʦֲôεġ̫̫Ҳûϵʱһֱǰź򣬵˵һۿ϶ҡٿŮĻ϶ܲʱҾڰ׼ˡ
˵ҲɣΪԼᱻӳ׼ңû뵽½ĴͻȻˣⲻʲô
ץᣬڰ׼վȽŸŲǶʮǰһ׼Ҹϳȥ
ޱͷҾ֪а취
ҹ׼լֻˡ
ӢİԼȥˣҲߴźЩ̫̫֡˾òʣһ˿ʲôòʧѵóȥһ졣
ޱö˵Ϊץ̳ҹޡ
ҹѾһ㱡ѩ
طǽ˳ˮܻ͵ط˶¥
û뵽Ҳ͵һ졣
òҪͻȻ˵ҡذڶ¥³һһҵȥˤɾʧȥһôɰˡ
Сġ
˿ƽء
ֲָֻᵽһɸģĺζ
ͻȻ֡죬¹ۣͻȻһ
ڴʬһŵģ½Ĵ˭


61 
ߴֵ, ض½ĴȵĴߣڴݹ᾵صͷȥ
ʵع֮ǰ, ½Ĵһֱ̡
̫̫ĸ׹ܵôϣҲǰӢһһһ, լ, ˫ϸƽ͵עŰ׼ҷһ, ûƽҲû·Ĺ̶ƽؿһС
һȱӣ˶Ĺ̲ܽ, ԰ӢӲޡ̫̫䲻ȵ̬, ĹϵôܣҲûжԶ
ع֮, ½Ĵ䵭̬, ʶʱûһΡʹ½Ĵһٵ̣ҲԶԷĳѪԵҲ֮С⵭ǳϵ, ȴû뵽ټԷȴڲϡ
ǰֲ̳ˡ
˵ҿõصЩ͡һס½Ĵȵ
͡ߴ޽ɹתѵļʷǳС
ôͻȻأɳƵૡȻ׼ٳϹϵ, Ͼ˶ʮ½ĴȵŮ, 񿴵Է޷Ӧһ˥ܵڴϣ˵ûдǼٵġ
⡣
ҡͷ֪׼ΪʲôôԾˡ̫̫ǰ׼ҵĹ, Ҫǵ˰׼Ҳ൱ڵһ롣Ǳ˲ʳ׼ҵϰ, λϰֲޱô֡ԭû̫̫, ص϶³ˡ
ֻǲ֪½Ĵȱ, ⻹ǱΪ֮
Ѿǰ׼ˣͽûкôϵͳڵĸ׵Ѱҵ
ػ⴫˽ŲһϽӴذڴϡ
˴ţȻڵĵˡظϽͷ
ѩķǵһϣ֧Ų˶á
ȰѶ£Ȼߵߣһºָ½ĴҴҴǡˮɱ촽
͵ԭǶŹܼҡΪûˣû뵽ԷڡһҲ֮С˵ŹܼǰӢڣ˵½ĴȵģҲܷ¶Էܡ
±Źܼҷֻ֣СĿšֻǰڴصָҪˡ
ŹܼұжС֮ҡ½ҵ˾һκ½Ĵȸʱ˳ƴ½Ĵȵĸסĸ½Ĵĸ׿ǾͰ½ҡ
С½ҳ󣬺½Ĵȼ˰׼ңΪ˰׼ҵĹܼҡ
˵һ½ĴͬԣΪ׼ҵĹܼ˷¡Ȼʱ½ĴȵɷںΪ½Ĵ޸
ֻеЩ֪ԴӰ½ĴȾͰӢ֪ΪԼĸĸɪŵԵõ䷶
򴲱ߵƬƬ½ĴȣһճûõİӢ
ؿ˼ۣĿƬİԡ
Σתᣬ½ĴȵĲȻʪë½ĴȲϴֱۣˡǸҽڿϼˡʧǣԷܾΪβ
Զ׼ƣʹٶԷҲûɿڡ֪ԶԷݿ϶Ʋôһ棬Ǽʹһ˿ϣҲ
˵ţСĶظ½ĴȲ˲ָ⣺ģ״ȶˣҾʹȥβ
ëصͷ촽ӡ½ĴȵĶͷϣҲ᲻ġĴȡ
ͫײһǽȥ
ʲôŹܼ½Ĵȶһǵؽ֣ѵ˵Ĺϵǡ
֣ûзֶŹܼԽΪԷࡢĮʱ˵һǽһվ½ĴȵĶ½Ĵб뷨ֻ˵ص̫ˡ
½ĴͻȻֲˣͻȻ֪ܲᱻá
Ȼ֪֮ܣһֶȥ
ϵͳҪͷѵŲָȻȥǽ͹һש飬͵䵽˸ڵ̨ϡ
ķ䡣
СĵشӴȥİĴ̡һƹ⣬ȫ˸ƨҲ֪Ѿޱķ䡣صҲû
ǰǵð˲ɣԶǵЩ£оЩСڡ
΢ůһᣬٴ̨ŲڡһΣڵĸ׵ķ䡣
Ϊʲô˵ĸ׵ķ䣬Ǹĸķ䡣Ϊ粡صĺڣӢѾַסˡ
粡صӲÿΪʱ޷ʳ׼ݣݳƤǣһƤŹͷϣֻ˫۾ɡ
˵Ĳʲôҩβá
ڰ׼ûʲô£˰ӢӢذѶԷĲᵽԼϣ֤ٳȥЩŮǣҲЩĵŮ졣
ֻǲһܣܲĵĥӢʧˡԸųԼ޷ʱֻӱܡһΣӵǸġ۵ĸճŮѧȥˡ
ػǵõʱԼıߣڲǰĸ׵ֲ֣Լ޳裬ְȥЩ꾫ˡ
ΪȻԷһԲ۾ֱض컨塣
ʱֻΪԷѹľˣȻľеģѹһС
ﶫ嶼ûжֻǸһĻҡſµӣϻżӣǰ³һǱ¶һɫĲϡ
һ۾ϳԼϲһɫȹӡع³ںЩ֪ʲôССĴ
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ܺĸ׵ĶһҲˡؿ֣ɴ൹ڴϣ컨塣
ĸ֮ǰҲһڴֱؿ档
ۣĸײ԰ݵֳǰĸǰͺ٣ʱһԹû뵽ĸ֮ǰûж˵仰
һƽӢһûйҡĸڴ˿ȴɢŲڴ֮˵͸һȼ򣬰Ѫճһ
ڴס֣οԷӢܿͻԷûзӦһͻȻ߬סɢŴ󣺡أڰ׼Һúõػȥ
ȴ͵ײصĶֱڣֱѾһλڲϵǻص
˵Ǿ仰þһ˫Ĺ⽥Ϩ𳹵ʧȥɡ
һ̣ȥڵʱغϣڴϣᵽһĸ׵ζ⻬ĲϣֻֻᵽŻҳǺ˵Ŀ
ʱصĻΪʲôѹȥҲغϹ
µĲϿʼʪ
ϵͳеѵñ᣺ʵʵʱղصġҪټĸ׵ĻѡƽʱաһʱҲĸ׻û뿪
ôѡȥ𣿡صͻȻһ
ûƽʱյȨޣǡǩԼԽʽзš

سĬ˺þá
תҾܾջ󡣡ϵͳ֮ǰ˱ӵĲϣɳƵ˵Ȼƽ磬ʹٶƣҲҵĸס
ϵͳ˵ˡ֪ǸΪű˵ļᶨĬǸΪջʧܶĬ
ذһᣬʵؿͷ컨塣ڰ˼˹ĸʱҲʱһصˡ
ǰò޵컨ϡ
ͻȻһڤڤ֮ƺʲôָĬĬվ˰ڴϣȻվȥ컨
´һƿһ졣


62 
һ, СĵذǿÿͷճһķĶڰ˳˳
ԭܡ
΢΢ЩҾ˵ĸײʲôûи, ˡ
˵ţһֻһȥǰӵĴϣԼµĻҡ, ͻȻ˶
һ, Ͻק
ֻһգԭһļ
ļૡĸ׾Ȼһļ, ϽѴӲ𿪡ȵһСƿ, û, ȿļ
aеһۺҽԺ
Ӽĸ֣صһƹⶼһ¡ǿġˡʱ, ̲סһ㶡
ˣ
ˣӢ
һ˲䷴Ӧ, ʶطһҳ
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Ϻdnaֶ֧ΪӢѧס
һ˲İ, صĺˡİ֮Уֻ˫˸
ݱ桭˵ӢǶŹܼҵĶӣӢĸײǰǶ
϶ôʵƣؾ֮ǻɡ
ڰ׼ҵʱûв½ĴȺͶŹܼ̬κεŹܼʼն½ĴȺͰӢûԽλһ˵ӢͶǸӹϵ, ֱ̫˲˼ˡ
תһ, ղڸڿŹܼһ, Ҳ֪ŹܼҺ½ĴһϵҲһжֻǶԷ̫áŹܼıֳʲôô׼ҵ»ѪԵΪʱ˺ǡ
طļиԡ
Ϊĸ׻Լ߸׵ȴû뵽Էôܡ
ӢȻǰ׼ҵˣ뵽ȻЦԷ
ֻ֪Σ˵Ѿ뿪˰׼ңԺΪĸĹϵ׼ǣȥҲЩ¡ֻҪðͷϣͲ˻ˮ
ֻ֪֮ĸû¹ڸ׵ȥңļļвҵһֽ
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ֻΪ׻׻̵ֻĹУȴԼĸˣôֻֽȼ仰
أҵЩʹ׼ҵľƷ˱仯˱ʡ㶫Ա½Ĵƴûȫղó
֪󲻽⣬ƿһ벻ȫ㡣
ΣҪסİ׼ˣûκ˿ĵλ
֣ࡢȻûһůлÿõĸüдֵӣÿһ֣ǧ
ױӢʱȱλ˵ĸף˵ĸĸĬɽȴ纣
ʱ˿̣ĸ׵Ŀģ˶ԷĳĬԼʹ
ԶԷ족ԼЩԹƽصͷֽ䦿
ĸ׺ΰ󡣡
ǡصͷҲڱ׼Ҹϳʱ
֣ԼһСڰе鴮
꣬÷׼ҳΪķ֮󱻰ŵ֮ºطɡ½Ĵ°ӢҲȺ÷ĳѹᵽ£Ǻط
ԺڼҾֿû뵽һ绳źطɵ⣬Ѿ֪ط׼ҵĹϵΪ׷ӽӢ˰׼ҵŮˡ
ô꣬ز鵽˰Ӣ½ĴȵĹϵ֪֤½Ĵȵ޷õ˵Σֻֻ̲û뵽ûҳ֤ݣô²ˡ
֮ǰΪ˱ûиࡣֻһЩ֤Աȴû뵽֮صȱع⣬ϳ׼ҡתת֪Լ֪ࡣ
Ǹƿӣװżë
ü飬Ҳ֪׵ͷĸ֪ӣΪӢݻԼ֤ݱ˷֣Ժظһ׷ȥ벻ȫԼ
֪ǸŮһΣѾˡ
ǲǰ׼ʲôϵǰػأֻԼ
ô죿
ؽƿ۽Ȼ죬Ȼĸû顣
ĺͰ׼йϵ׵Ĳ򵥣ôô򵥵ؾ֤Զɳ֪ࡣ
ɱ׵ֵ˭ǰӢ½ĴȣֻߡǶ
Ӣڰ׼Ҷ꣬ͰѰ׼ҵĲƲ֮Ȼݵ±ˡпܻ֡
½ĴȶˣһΪһΪӣҲɡ
֮ҵ֡
˵ţö뿪⴫˵¥
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û뵽أ޽ɤһҭޱָأװףδһڣ͵طӦأô
ûҶޱĻţ򶨵Ǹ
̳¥Ҳһ㶡ޱ󣺡̳硭ˡû뵽ؾȻҼҡ˵ţСأҪʲôֱ˵ͺˣôҹ͵͵ܵ˼ң˽֪Ҫӣ֪ΪҪ͵
ʣµĻƽĿ±˻ȥޱ̣ץǶԷƾʲôԼôһ͵ѣĵ
ôһ֣ŹܼҲϽӢ绰ӢҹһΧڿվڶ棬·û󣬲㶫Բߡ
ءӢɫô׼Ҹʲô
ޱȵҸղűһҪ˽Ϊ͵͵
Ĵޱôһ˹϶ҪʲôǱϹˡ
Ӣüͷšøˣأʲôˣ
ؿŰӢ·Ƿϡ뻹ǰס˹˼˵ļܱܲ˲ţ˵ʱδЩòʧ
ĸ׵ǰңߡ
һڷңӢɫЩڡߵӢǰ¶ΪѣءӢ硣ʵҲ֪ĸ׵Ӣĸ׵ĶڷΪ´顣
صΪ˲ǵۣҾͰǶߡԺͲõˡ
Сޱʶ˵
ؿȥޱŷӦԼ˵ʲôͲذĶߣ벻Ϊزʹ죬Ҫкܶص鱦
Ѿǰ׼˳ļ̳ˣ׼ҵĶȻģȻ͵ߡ
Ϊʲô
ޱһ۳̳ü΢ȻЩĸ׵Ͼǰ׼ҵǮƣôߡЩðɡ
ŭؿޱһۣصĸױϾڰ׼ô꣬ЩҲӦõġأȻȥöŹܼҰĸ׵͹ȥ
Ӣؿģû뵽Ȼôʶ壬οͰ˵ġأѶ͹ȥԺû²Ҫ׼ˡ
ص·еĶҶҪߡ
Ӣ⣬ȻŭжѵҪЩ𣿱Щôģأ㲻Ҫôߣ
ҵȻ֪ôġزŲæĸΪ׼ҹʱ򣬸ӵĸ߲͵ġʮΪϹӯӦõġ
Ӣһ͡ȷʵٷˣҲ񶨲˶Է԰׼ҵĹף۳ɽǮ㣬°еݳƷ
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أ⻰ͲˡüͬؿأȻôĸ׵ĹͣϾ׼ôꡭĻǵ㶫
ˡһЦѵûиѾôĻȫ𣿡
Ӣɫڨڨ
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ػҭںǺա
صûʲôҾˡĸ׵Ķ͡һȡ֮ǰ벻Ҫ⿿Ǽ䡣صתޱϾĸ׵ÿһҶǵãʹһ챦ʯ
ޱ֪˵ľԼؿ϶ԼҪĻˣգ̧ͷ̳һۡ
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תͷôôֲհףΪʲôҪܰ׼ҵ飿
˭˵Ҳհף֮£ޱͻȻ
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ӭ˾ȵĿ⣬ŹܼҿءذļȥζһЦŹܼұǸġ
ġŹܼҴ۾￴ʲôӼᶨ˽С㡣ǿġСЩ֮ﶼûȤҷ򡭡ǰ˵ЩСһűʯͼֵǣС㲻ΪӬͷСðա
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ת֪Լղðնˡ֮⣬֪˰ӢͶĹϵȴΪ˵½ĴȵĹϵ
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ظɴ˦Էȴû뵽ޱһУڵ졣
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ӢţǾͿ̳ţǿʳ̳
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ӲĬʲô˶棬˵ԼŮΪ---ȣȱɾһƻҪðӢѿ
ĿߵӢ磬˵ʲôŮޱޱ⼸Ϊ̵¶ߣ۵һƵͻˡǸ˵˵Ӣ磬㲻Ӳܰ
ӢվɫǺ죬ƨֲǴ˵˵ʲô
ЦֲֻдŻҽ
Ӣǰ裬ʶ̧ƣǰ̫ˣҰ㵱ɵ˵ʲôǶţ
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һ˴ҹɫĵƤ£һҷѧĻţ˭ţ


63 
˻ͷȥ, һ
Ƥ𪣬һŵ΢ɵޱ, ĵƤ, ֻʱͣ
ŹܼȾг, ĵشӺ߳ҽ
Ƿ, Ӣ˼ͷת, ϽߵԱߣ˵ʲô˭
üôˣ 
죬鲢޶ٱ仯ƺĵЩ, š
֪ԶԷ׼ȴû뵽ڰ׼ҵı
һ, ӢʶؾŹܼҪҵǸͷҽ, ˼ξܾǣû뵽ͻȻˡ
ǰĻһޱƤ˵ö, ȷʵ
̳ޱ, ֱһ
ô˵ӢҲ˲ˣҽ, ˵ʲô
Ͻֹ嶯İӢôҽ, ǲǸҽԺ
˫Ƥһ, ָ֡泤Ǳȱ˶һǽڡ, ָ΢խӨһ㱡, ҵ֦΢΢һ۾ܶƵĵĴָ, ȴ֪Ȼ˶
ʱ˫խ۵ָȵؼһ룺, ͺá
˵ţָޱȥĹ˸ޱͻȻһ͵ѹ裬Ҹղǲιȥˣ
Ĺ˲ʹ̵գϽڻǣǣղˣ֪֪㵹ڵϲҺŵýоȻ
Ҳ֪ô£ұҪסأȴû뵽һ̧Ҿιȥˡ
ĸŮͷʹޣվ̳ѣ
̳һ٣ûпޱһأɬҧǡ
ƽʱעϢ轡ĻôѾҪΡ
ĻȴǱһݺݵسĸŮϡȻû˵־䶼˵ޱĲͳ̳ӽƵ飬Ҳͷ
ޱ뵽ֻǱƵһװ裬ȴû뵽ذôһ顣ͬʯͷԼĽţɵðޡ
ҽö˵˵ʲôֻʲôĸŮ޵УӢһûΪ롣Ͻ
һȴûӢġ֮ǰ˵֣ԶԷ˽ҲֻŹܼҿŹܼ½Ĵһã˵ĿŶȻۿۡ
һηͻȻ֪ӢͶŹܼ½ĴоȵĻ˶ԷĻΪʥּͬŲǸ϶ֻ֪ҽһ۾һֱǸҰֵϡ˵ûè壬Ҳš
ҽޱޱôʵ
뵽ޱʵӢ磬Ҳŷ򡣵㿴ޱޱɫôףǲǸȥҽԺźã
ΪӢúðȴû뵽ԷֻǿһۣΪѵصҽҽӦû⡣ҪǲĵĻȴޱޱȥɡ˵ţתԷһЦҽôæЦˡ
һﲻʹȥ
û˵ӢҲûΣ̳һȥȻ󽫷뵽ɳϣǰ߶ϣָܳĸ׿̫æҲûᣬ֪Ϊ
ŹܼսȭͷϵϿƲס˼ͰӢеؿ
Ϣ֮ʱȴء
أһƳȴֻ֮еǾദϰߣҲ쳤վûǣȻ⣬ȴǧͬһشݺݵڰӢϡ
ɢڽ˵ĵһ仰ʲôѧ
ȻɵӶܿôʦ
Ӣ͵ر壬ɫɷף첻֪Ҫ˵ʲô
أҪεĲˣǲǰ̣
˫أ֮ǰú
£Ҳһ⡣
ôϲôΣƫƫҪ
ûͬ⣬Ҳ
Ц治Ƿҽĵúܡ
˰ӿǰǴΡӢɫԽԽף󼸺͸
ʶϤʲôǰֻǰһʱ䣬϶衣Ϊػû׼һĹϵûô֡غͷҽʶĸβǺ׵£ڣظϳ˰׼ҡǰ컹Ǯ֣ŴεѶԷĴ󷢣÷ĸ׿
Ҳ뵽һ㣬̾ȥЩɸֵŭ˰Ӣһۡ
ض˵壬ɫƽ֪½Ϸ˵Ĳôɵġ
ʱûн½Ĵ̣ûѪԵϵһ£Ҫ׼ұڣеﶼɡûиˮ֮ǰһֱ־ġ
ӢֻǺԼ֣ȻͣҲҧֻͣһ⡭̫̫ŵˣ˵ԹȻ͡ͱ
һЦ½Ϸ˻ô벻ʲôŵ
Ŀ£ӢɫǺ죬ֻóϣޱޱ̫̫̫Ծιȥˡ
˵꣬ز⣬ôص͹ͷЩ棺̵Ĳҽ˵أѵļʺãءȻͷҽʶǲͺð𡣶ѣԺ͡
ˡһЦҺͰ׼Ѿûйϵˡ
ôûϵӢżҵôʱһ仰㶼æѵҪؿһֱڴţ
ɫı仯Ͻ˰ӢһѡӢӿ֣û£
ɫһ䣬ֱ촽û˵ʲô
ӢΪػͷû뵽Էһڣ֪Ǹ˵ûǸ˵ƺǵһʶҲźáҾôѪǺ޹ʣΪʲôҪǣĲ½ϷˣҲῪһοڡ
˵ţתߡ
أӢ漱ˡ
㲻ôġ
ޱ飬Ӣҧ˵ɣҪʲô
ʣܸʲô
ǮΣֻǡ̳
֣üĿһЦԷǣҶҪֻԺɳ׼ҵĻᡣκһ˶ܸ档
ӢΪ̰׼ҵʱһԣ˵ʲôԡ
ؿҲһڣ
ڣϢԴ£Ϊ½Ĵʩ˼롣Σ½ĴûκηӦӢʱбŪĸоҪʱ򣬶ͻȻһУ˵ָˣ
ӢϽ½ĴȵĴǰ裡
Ҫѭ򽥽ѵô졣
͹ˡЩмؿ
һＤغͷ߳·µѩʼԶһס
Ӳ԰ף֮µͫ׷һࣺΪʲôҪҾ½ˡ
ôʣʹѾͰ׼ҵľ֪֮
ȴ׼ش
ˣйȥôһ֣ǣҪ֪ࡣ
ǰӢ½ĴȣֻǶϣ׵һ죬ǶѵؽС
ˡ
û˵ĬǱʾţǲͬ
ҽеĲ˶ʰġȻֻأչֳԼһ棬ҲϣܰҲôô˽İﶼܵõݡ
ػرĿ⣬һʼʣԣ㵽ôġҵ鵽֪˶٣


64 
ѩ, ˵ɫ΢סҹÿһָճھܱ˺飬Ȼʱ˶ûж, ľ׮Ĭš
Ϊʲôҵҵ׻֪顣
۽, βһףʵھڻҾͿˡ
ͷƤһըڻû뵽ôʵȻһ۾ͿˡȻȻأ뵽˵ʱ龰, ʱŴŨױڽĻ, ôģ
ڻѾȥôʱ䣬ԷΪʲôһֱûг֣ͻȻ, Χһжɺ
Ƶ·, صüӰ㵱ʱΪʲôûнסҡ
ҿһ˵Ļ, ϶ȿҡҾû㡣
һ
ּ̧̧, ֹصطࣺϾ, 㲻ǲпԭԲûнס㡣
˵, , ĵƤͫӨȾůƵĹ⣺aа֮, һֱŲ㡣ԲϢڴڼ䣬׼ҵҿ֪ӲܿԾ;ܾǡȴͻȻ֪Ͱ׼ҵĹϵ, Ǿҹû뵽ڰ׼㡣
΢, ղڱ֮ҽ, ̻
˵һжɺϣ
ص÷죬ת˷磬תͷסһߵĶ䣺㡭ûзʲôԾ
ںǰһļֱͥͻȻֵ˵
һΣĬˡ
ֿʼبŲİѩûѪɫ˫ɫԲ԰ףҲӱ䡣
ΣֻҪ¼ͺã鶼û塣
û˵˿ϵѩ̫ˣЩԺ˵ȥɡ
˳˾򿪿յڱůͻȻʵ֪Ѿˡ
ص༸һ˲ͣ
ֵ֪֮ܿ󲻿Ҫһ˶ûУһŬ㡣Ҳһᡣ
ԭǰ˵׷ˡɿ˽յȭͷҾܾأ
û˵Ĭƺƫͷ·۽ǵѩʼڻ·ľӨ
ظ˿ڣֻҪ㲻ҵ
ҲᡣתٽҲ㣬Ҫһһ㡣
ôһЦܰҷ·ܰ廨
ҽ˵ҽˡ
Ȼʲôȴû˵
Լʱס³ϳջʧߣŻһи
ϵͳʼ̾治ԵȻôġǺǰһûб䡣
ûбر¥롣ûб䣬ǰһЩ룬һĻҲ͸
ڼſһ֮˵ſʼ˵һ仰
ֻǵʱҲʼ˾ûлĻԺҲûкһĸΪˣ˺ôһϾԸŹԶСӲԸ棬˶ߡ
صĸĸĻۣϾغԼҹŮĳɳȻС˫ĵƤ£ͫǲʲôŲκӵÿĬغͷһһ꣬ѾǺܴ˲ˡ
ͻȻ䵭һֱûʲôԵķӦǰһſڣﱧС˭˭߶޶ԡǷ·µһŵţίضͷ˵˵Ҹĸˡ
ѧڿѧʱ˵Ĺϵ˻͡
˷ְ౻ֵһʦ֪ھӣҷһֱôãǾضչչѧһ죬طַû硣ڵʱ̼棬һ²ͻȻ˲٣ȻǺݡ
ߵߣûжֱҪϿʦתʦŻվ˫Щ䵭ӿռıһ
棬С˵ټʮ졣
˳Ϊͬûʲôͬǰһ𷢴ĳشſڰᵽ˿á岻ãԸãʦش⣬ػ˼ӣ̶ֳȵ֪ʶѾҪˣȻȻأʼš
ϣóдд۾ֱض鱾Ҳ֪ûΡͱһĺ󱳣İ÷Ư˵ⲻ÷ǡҶɲݡһҩģȽⶾġ
̾㻹ҽ𣿡
ҵȻǣֻ½µżȻİˣΪֲֺ棬Ծͼ
ƵԱߵķһĺϣ̲ס棺أͷھ𣿡
ǡ
ôϵûôð㿴˵Ҳһѧһؼҡǲǳˣ
ؿһ۷ԷĽëͶ°Ӱ΢׵촽һֱߣȫ̸
ʼ磺ûУߵߵÿѡ
¿Լı΢΢һλáԼƸģʹŲһ㶼ᱻ֡ҿ˿ֻͬѧ淭ûзϡ
ΪͷĹϵһֱôȥֱһܺ󣬷ͻȻŭع̾ʣأ֪ѧУʲô𣿡
ɻ󣺡ôˣͷͬʱؼҵģÿζؼҳ극ſԷƵ·ſڡ
ҷϴһˣôŪģȴһԡ
ĶӣһҪˣһֱ÷ᡣ
룺ȥʰɡ
˷ңݶɳ￴ӣȻƵϦ£ϵëҲڷ⣬һһ׵ÿ컯ˡ
֪ʲôʱγ鳤һЩȻʹůƵ磬Ҳܿڷ롣
˵һˣһһ㰡ͷϡϡϣˣͰףƤĵط࣬˴Ŀġ
ôŪģǱײ˻Ǳ˴ˡ
û˵ЩҪҡľͷһԴԷͷס˱üۡ
ͶúãҲˡ
ŶԷϵĺۣѧУûʲôԾǾڻؼҵ·ŪġɣԺؼҡ
̧ͷһۣȻתͷ
ʵò£Ҳ֪Ƿʲô
岻ãѧϰһ㣬ԸͲʦͬ˵ĻӭƤףòҲãȻСϲഺڵѹֲסĵļʺͳ嶯ǾͿʼĲ硣
ֻ죬һﲻ۵ĸ꼶ӿڡȻӲߣмӴףԸЩС練ƣùǺ֮ŵõ֤Ҳɧ-ŷ
мڵ϶ǰͷһۣ
˻ؼңãˣԺԼؼҡ
ͣ½ŲͣͳһСݸء
أҪ͸ң˰ɡǰʹ֪СǷĸһߣǱ
˵һ
أ
˭ϡתߣǿϡصԺ߿㣬ߵȺмŲ۸㡣
ҡҡͷ
ȻͻȻлл
СȴСèһ׽ˡ
ߺߣ
֪ǲϦ£ܺ죬ֱ촽ĬĬذСݹ
ΣٴͶˣˡ
һΣ˵ĹϵǳƱ
һѧһԷһѧھӵӡ
ϵͳһ̾Ϲèӣ߹ʺˣҲС
رΪͷƱֻһ⣬ֱһǸͷǽǣԷһˤԷͻȻͰ͵ģ·°ڣ
㣬ҵԭģ
ֻڸ룬һ촥Ŀĵࡣ
ؾ㵣ͣͼǷѧؼңֻǴţƤֺĸѧУϴܣǰķͻȻعͷֱ㶵ض
Ը˫۾˵ʱëȻΪԷڳǾʶԷڿʲôû˵˫۾˻ô˵棬²ȥӣŸȭöԷѵ͵ˣû뵽˿ȴ
֪Ѩλһÿһȭ·ڸǵĴĵطʹȻعʱԷֻ˼£۵ſڵվվ
ʲȥҷˣû뵽أֱÿ޵ίˡ
󣬺ܾöûл
ĥһ£ĥ˲Ծˡ
ǱһҵС˵ˡ


65 
ϵͳһôʱ, Ĳԣ
ܽ䱸
ôܣػѵ̾һ£鵽ʲôȴû˵ܲ, һ֪Һ˵ϵ˵, »ǳӡʱֹҵǮ, ҵҲᱻ⼸˴ݻ١Ҳò
ʱָտɴ, ֻҪټһʱͺá
صͷ, ǽǵذһü, а׵ָ, סһ˫ۡ
ص䣬ĸЩһһڴϡǷűСĵغָһŰӢͶӼ飬˼һᡣ
ĸװ컨, һǲ򲻵ѵʱ֪£һҲǾ½Ĵ̾ڰ׼Ҷ, ðȻ֤˲Ų˵ܻݾߡ
ֻ½ĴѾֲ, ó֤ݵһʱ
ָֽ΢΢壬³һ
ҳԼ͸ԭĹؼʱڣ̫嶯׵ĺ½Ĵĸй, ֽͱزٵı
ͷ̾
֪˾ǰ, ɻҪΥĵؾǡ, ôڰ׼ұĵĺǼֱһЦ
ô죿
غܿ񣺡ȲܴݾߡЩؼʱá
Ҿôһ֤ݻ֧еĲ²⡣óֽֿ˿ԱߵǸСƿӡ
ֻֻֽ֤ӢͶĹϵ, ֤طɺͰ׼ҵĹϵ
ʹٺͰ׼ҳϹϵ, ʱҲòΪԼĸ븸ĸҲҪ
ֻǡڰ, Ҳֻһͷ, Ӣǰ׼ҵˣֱϵdna֤طɵݣ
תһ룬طɵֱϵ𣿿ͱ׼ҸϳȥˣѾǰ׼ҵˡҪ֤ԼݣҪ֤׵ݣҪ֤׵ݣҲҪ֤Լݡ
ؿ챻Լˣڴϣֱ֤ߡ
Ϊ֤㸸׵𣿡
أΪҳúԡ
һ취
Цһһϵͳʲô취
ϵͳûа취С
˼ɫЩ΢ȥ
ҽ߳δļУ϶ܰ⡣
ôƽҽѵװֺүүɣ
ĿǰΪֹdnaӼҪѪëǷĻδļҲܻõ
ʲôüģϹǻңѵҪҰͷĹײڳ𣿡
ǲ÷æѡ
ضһ£ˮˮ죺ǣæ£ͷöͽҸɴһͷײҸĸˡ
ϵͳ˵ˡ
غһˮתϵĵӣüһϵͳ˵½Ĵ֪֪ӢǶĶӣ
ҲҪϵͳش°ૣΪĸӦûиоɡүүûзֲԾô˵½ĴȺͶүүϵʱͬһʱΡӢʱ½ĴȲܲ£϶²ӵ˭ġ
ϵͳʱעôʣһ㡣
زԡҲӢүүһӼ
ϵͳ޵ϵͳѵÿ
ػȻʣ浥ĵַָһӼôĿ϶ݣҪһˡ
վҽԺȣüֻ֪ҽԺûаdnaⲻ𣿡
ҽһ۾ԲС㣬ڸ˽ҽԺȨ֪ˡ
ءһͲðˡ
Ի¸вصֺϷ
ɱ𡣡ˮζűǻذһŰǣΪ˼ҽˡ취
Ȼû취ֱõֻҵĸ׽Ӵҽһºš
Ҿ֪ԴС
ͷͻȻִٵĽŲԶԶظղǸҽܹС㡣
չͻȻСѾˡ
أ
زԵӣҽҪȣѵʦû֪𣿡
أ
ϵͳߺˣѾѴ߿ˡ
صõȷеϢdnaľҽԺҽԺԻȻûи鱨棬ȴ벻ˡ
ϵëصԴֿʼᡣ
ô̫үүdnaҲҽԺѵҲdna⣿Ҳǰ׼ˣǾͺˡ
ļͥҵġ
̾˭˵ء
dnaȥұΪҵŮϵҵˣû뵽һҡȰǰ¹˺ðɡ
ȴڼ䣬ػ˼ΰ׼ҡһһذĸ׵ĶȫŲ˳ɵؽ׼ңӢ۾ɵ޿κΣޱ˳
𣿡һʰʱޱ¥ݿʡ
ػͷҰ
ȻޱǵЦЩȥϾҺǰôõѣҲǰְĺӣסȻġֻǡᷢƢ
ֱڣޱΪ½Ĵȵвذ׼ҡ
ؿһ ȥûסҡ
ǡޱ˵Ӣ¥Ϊ̵Ľڵһλ
Ӣޱޱø˵
˰ѶȥұϾ㣬ʹȥҲ̡
ޱ֪ڰָʲôɫһ䣬һѰӢҲЩҲסޱޱ̳أ
ޱƺõĵɫһĨ˾񣺡Ͼ͵µˡ
Դÿ춼ҲǸúӡҲץˣ͵̳ϲ
ޱؿһء
޶ԣϵĻңĸ׵ΰȥȴһᡣ̧ͷ˹Сġ
ȵرӣһַֻס
ޱɫ͵رˡˣһҽء
ӢϽվҽˡ
طȥŵ½Ϸ˽ѾԵĻܿˡ
ģӢϲϽ¥
˵صȥ
ޱ˵ıӰҧأһ¶ԷҪǻص׼ҵĻϣܶҽ߶ҪһЩ˾һµ˻°ְֻ
˾
һ²ԭޱ˵ǡԡǸҹޱϳ˾Ӣ״
ӵһ٣صͷҲصصû취ϾڵʽҾؤְҲúúýӴ
ޱһ͡
˳˱·Ϸػؼҡֱָ˸⣬صæҺٻҵȻҪԷ
ȴûпġ
лذʱҲֻԼСóòҲǴĵһȻ׳ڣȴ˶Ĵš
ûԹԵͷ
һգ
һơԡԵĮʲô˵ȴǲ֪˵ʲô̽Ἰǰ飬Ҳȱȱ
һƣ
ֱյһʼشһûж
ôˣʡ
ҽҿݱʲô˼صЩ
ĿתĻһ²ſڣְ֧Ǻطɵѧס


66 
ջֻ, ϵĺƳĬ
ޱ飬žƱָʾĲôƽ
û˵һţš
ָϸ, ɫĲ;̵С
һھ, ȵһ㷢ԼжǴĸô졣
Ȼõǻߵ
ش𣺡˼, һ˼ʽ
Цһ¡ֻϵʼüġзڣȷݵûд׼ҵĶҲᱻ˶ֽšdnaӼӹϵ׼ȷȴٷ֮١
ѵˣĺͰ׼ûһϵ
Ժ÷׻˭ĺ, ðڱܲǶİ, û˵ͨĵС˵үүһɵ, ôΪһܼҶֳ¡
ֻų˹ܼңﵽ׻˭ܺͺ÷йϵѵǱ֮ˣ
šһüȥĻڴ롣һھƹһ˼ʽ
ضݱ棬ͻȻüͷһ塣
, һ, ûпǹ
̫үү, 
Ȼ, ̧ۡ
ˣ
𾪶ָӣûжոһͷлл㡣
һ, ˵ؾһ, ֱӽ, л
ԷݳӰʧſ, һֱǣղŻһֱޡ
ԼᣬԼ顣
Լ᣿ѵһֻǳڸлķԼ
ǰضĴֱһϣһ¡
ѧУ۸عϵ֮ԷΪ˲ÿηѧһң۾ûдԼ뿪
Զǵÿѧ磬ůƵصϣԷͷ͵شߴ٣˫ȴҲزסĹġ
ڡΪĿҽҲԼø⽡Ķ棬˼ûһַϹ
Сʱദʱ䣬ʮӷںƺʹѩϣʮӷֻϡ
ִǰģǸ׼ҵޱҲЦ
ڲĲҲпԭֻô˵
֪ƢҪ̽ܡ𣿡
롣ӡؾԵ˵˵Լ
طΪΪΪֵȻϵǣزûжķӦƽ̫޷⡣
һ̶ˮҲûв
ǾͲ
²׷㻹ǰ˼ҽѧоϰɡΪҪβ˵ҽϵͳϵͳȰʱºͣꡣ
ҡͷ㲻ס
磬ȥһҽԺȻύһݼ롣һΣҽҲһ㶣С㣬ûд𣿡
صдȥɡϣܾõ
ҽȻʣҲֻð˵
ϵͳдڵ̬Ѿϵͳĳ
һϵͳòҪô࣬һջô졣˵ţһת˸ã㲻һûиݣΪһñ֪Щ
˵öԣֻһûиݡϵͳѵûֱӺ죬е͵˼ֻǸ߼壬Ĺģĸ飬ĸ𣿡
һʼ磺½£ҶЩݵ֪ʶȤ
Ҳ⼸Դ߶Уڴ񾭻ڹԣ޷Ϣϵͳ죬һ½£Լa⼸죬½ºԾȻûһ㶯ƽЩ
ˢˢȦǰ˵ȦǿɰĹǻɬ飬ﰵءڴӦ
ǰ㣬ûϡ
ֻһΣ˰죬ѾܾòȦˡ"˻һЩӦ
ΪǵעԼϣԸ񣬻Ĭء
½ºԿʼˡ
ǿʼָѾ
⼸иԵԼʱղںϵ£޷鵽ԷϣֻܿƬϢƶͶԷĹϵ
⼸ˣ˵ţ˵ԴΪ鲻һڹȥн뵱ȻΪԷֻͻȻġ׷ߡȻŭû̫ҵķӦ
һ㣬ֹԺ½£Ҳôġ
ز֪ǸóЦǸꡣ
ĸ˵ƢԸвͬĮ½¶ǣ߰Ǽ֪࣬޷ֳ档οڻ֪⼸˵ĴڣһըƢ½֪һ׷ͻᱬɡ
˵ţܲ٣ܲپ͵
ֻ磺ôˣôҴ绰
ز룬ɤЩơ
ϱˣôˣˣ
ûСüġ
һͷķСƺߵһĵط³һ۵Ļ ȲˡϢɡ
һָһͻȻأǲʲôˣ
ٽء˴ӸʶʱֻжԵĴ⬣ѶԷͷѪĲݡһʱҲҪŶԷĴǡ
ءǵĳƺǺٴҪӵĽ³ġ
ǽĲͬ
ûϸı仯һǳˡǡءǡء׽˶ء
ûʲô¡ջ˼ܽ
ЦһֻԶ׼죺ҵǰҼ¾ϸŵظˣȴһϢ͸¶ң
ĸĸȦģޣȴΪ¼ɺ͸ԭнԶĸΪеԸӰ콭࣬ۿ봥ֿɼȴ̤Ȧ벽
ؿ⣬һУ޹˼ɵ׷롣˷ֿ󣬽ĸţ׽ӻ˼Ÿա
˶ĸ֮ĶԹţԷ׷룬šҰ֡ѵǰС
ܣҲܸ㡣ͽ˵ƺǰл䶼ѹƤأ᣺㵱ôĸ׵ģ
Ϊ޷ԡ³һصĲ룬Ҷ䶼΢΢ů⣺Ҹ޷ûĹҶ˵ҵ룬Ҳ̤ȦߺҺĹϵӶ񻯣ϴ÷зҺģҲΪ˱˽޷Թ˵࡭źҺܳʱ߳
أ
ڡһЦ̫æҲûʱȥˡ⼸ҳһЩҲܿ͹۵ؿĸ׵ղΪȥΪ˿ο׵ġҲ˲Ҳʧȥˡ
һ
ҲʧȥˡʧȥԼѣʧȥǸ޴ĸĸһμ׺Ͱ׼Һ޹ϵôֻ˵ĸһнǮŮˡ
ô࣬Ȼô룬һεļ鱨ıʼûʧ棬ʱẦеĳ޶Լ룬ԼֻΪ׼ҡץסƬ֤׷νࡣ
ҪǣԼǿˣͲⱻע⡣Ƿ⾰ǽǶҡĸǲĶӣڸʧõТӡڷ˿ܵӰۣ֮ǰѡ
ǧ룬û뵽յȥɵʧЦ
ĸĸΣ㶼Ƕһ޶ء
ĸףҲײ³¡Ȼ޷⣬ٽܿο١
лл
һЦлܰеټǾ͸ˡ
صڡ
վֱ壺Խ-һҾҪɱˡ֪㲻ңϣҶ׷Ǹ⡣Ҳϣﻹǿпޡ
ܾޣǸĳͷ
ضһ£ֻôӦ
һЦ˯ɡţһ衣
¼ʦ߹ĸ衣ɤˣвɣζۣܿ硣
ΪзĹϵӼܿͳ˽һȥҽԺȡı浥ӵ̾
Ȼˡ
ְ֧Ǻطɵѧס


67 
õ浥һ˲, ³һ
ȻʼЩ룬̫ס
ףҪϵͳ˿϶²Դ⡣طǰĶӡ͡طǰĶȫ, ⲻϵһľ𣬻ϵı֣
ӰӢŮһԾϳã
Ҫǰ׼ҵ֪ʵ֪ʲôӦ
ҽҲһŵ, ƺµʲôС㣬֪Щ²Ҷʣֻ֪طǡ
ؽܿͻ֪ġ
ҽԡ
ҽԺϵͳҪ֤ݹ𣿡
ʱ򡣡
½Ĵȴڻ״̬׼û, 㷴ʱ
ļǲз, г塭ҳҸ֮ǰ, Ҳܴݾߡ
׼֤ݶҳһ򾡣
ҡشһ⳵ﻰһ٣ʲôʱôҵˣΪֻסǼ˵
ϵͳһֱڿϷ״̬ĸ̫࣬õ֤֮Է֪ô, ͻȻ
ȻΪߣ, һ·Ϊó̻Բľš
㵹Ǹԡذѳһ϶, ķ˽, ɫһ䣺ʲôԲľţҪˣ
ݼ, ھ֮ڡҾҪ뿪ˡ
سĬһ᣺ĺϢô˵⼸dnaҪǼ˵ڰ, Ҳ֪ж࿪ġ
Ȼֻʣ²һܵʱ, ҲҪʱ̾䡣㶼жٵĻ, ʱץסİѱʹһ棬ϼҲġ
֪ˡڳϣۡ
³֤ݣƲ귢飺
÷׼ңΪ˲ڴİıķȻ˺طɡΪȷ˭ģں÷еĺӼΪʲôҽԺҲаdnaԭ򡣿ڼҳ󲻿Ѻ÷ŵ˰׼֮ı
ڴڼ䣬½ĴҲ˰ӢȷӢǰĺӻǶĺӣҲŰdnaӼ֤ӢǶĶӡ
֮󣬰÷Ҹڣطɺһ𳤴绳֮ĸױũ
绳ҵ˰׼ңȻ޸˰Ӣʮϳ˰׼ңתת֪һС
ɵӣ׾Ϳɵ㣬÷ΪʲôͻȻӰ׼ұߣ׵ֻΪʲô;ѧҵ޸˰Ӣ
׵Ĳ⣬ô˭֣
½ĴȻǰӢֻǶ
üġлɸϢָ򵱳׵Ȼǲһؼ֤ݰ֤ʵеĲ롣
һʼʰ׼ҵʱܲ˵һжΪԼĵС
ͬĸܻʱϱӵһֱ΢Ԥǲһ⡣ϱӸ⣬ĸգԼҲ⣬һҾȻһûʣ¡
뵽ͻȻһ
ϱӵİ׼ңһ˶ʣһ֮⣬ǰȥİӡڰӢ²þ뿪һΪأһΪôɵʱ䣬ʵڲ˲롣
¹ֱߵ֤ϣֻͨһֽȴǻŵһƬ˲
ҲҪҵĸףҪҸ׵ĸףҸ׵ĸ׵ĸס
ϵͳ
׼ҿ湻ҵġ
ô飿
룺ڰ׼Ҵģ½ĴĸӺͶ֮⣬˭
ǲĸŮˡ
ûڿЦѵ࣬뷴ԷͻȻֻ𶯵
һԭԷһϢж㣬¥¡
һ㶣򿪴ȥСľƵ㳡ϣһ·Υ͵ͣɫݷҹĺڱѩ˿
·¥úԶһӰվڳǰʱһ¡
ߵ·£С㡣
һǣһЦôô
Ѷóϰּ⣬˵ˣǽҲù
ԵĳĬҷԴһ仰ΣݸأϰҸĶ
زӣ̾ϢһЦģⲻʲôƷϼҵĶϰרȥcȡġ
һ£ֽ̧ӹһܴİأźӦް֮ıůĶ
ȥϼң
ǡͷ³һϳջûáĶѸġе࣬˴ºñ֮⣬һЩСȷҰȥ
ر˶ҡͷãԼԡȻƽȥҼҸʲô
ʵ˵Ҳ֪ϰô˵ȻǰҲô˵͸ǳĬͻȻ»ҪߣȻʧһ졣ҰЩ͵յĻ˵ѸĶ
ָݽİءŶһϰɰֻҪһ仰ĶҪ
ȴҡͷֻǲҪϵĻ飬ҪͲϺʧܵ¡
ǺæΣлл㡣
֪Ҫ¥ˣһͷ֮ͣС㲻ÿ
ֻظתͽסػͷֹһ̾ûʲôС
صͷ𣬻ص䣬򿪰Ѽҵ޷ΪϴߵüҲûüжߡλaУ轵ÿ죬Ҳֻ޷Ӧִ࣬·ϣȼһѻ˵ĺ䡣
·ͻȻûйغõĴϣĿ䡣
ԴӻصaкѾܾûкϵˡ̫̫һڴÿľսҲ
ΪŮΪŮ޷վҲ޷۶ԴǰҲֻӱܡȴˣκòʧõ飬ĳĬ̫̫ģöԷ
̾ѻ˸绰绰ѵƽʱЩȻϸϸҪעⱣůע壬ϸϸҹ棬һů⽫䶼»ˡ
˾ڲ£·Ĭ¾㷭ƪˡ
һһӦţȻѣǲȥҡ
ѵһģ˵·ǴͻaУʲôҪġҾͰѶˡ
ûʲô
̫̫𣺡ûаզأ
û¡ذֱ̫̫ҹŹ˵绰
Ȼȴûзֻ
ԷϢȼӳͫףΪʲôͻȻȥѼң
Ϊ֪
سĬһ£ֻʧȻͻȻüԲԸ嶯ˣҪҵģҲôͻأ
ԷͻȻȥѼң˶ӵػѵĹϵŶԷֻ·
һüģѾˣұø
Ե˽⣬˵ȻĬУڿܲڲĹȥڲĽʣڲڡ
ڴѯʵ飬Ϊû̫أԶԷʵ֪һЩҲ׾١
˼һ뻺ѵĹϵһʾ⣬֪ܿˡ
ֻ˶ûв£ϵΪǲ֪˵ʲôá
ҲǷԵԸ½ֱ֪̲֪ȫǽͳ꺮ůǷԷ֪ˣѾʼǱĬز
СٽϣԸҲпԭ
صûϵֻǲϲ˲ͽҵ˽¡
ǵҲ뵽ǵԶؼҲ½°ֵӰ죬һԼҵ·Ѿûнǲܵ顣
ϵͳָ˫ꡣ
Ȼֻõнôأǲߣ
˵꣬ظһлл˻
ߵǰ³һ
ڲЩôҵİ׼Ҽ֤߰ɡ
˵꣬¥µ·µĳӡһ
ڰ׼ҴģǱķǹܼңһ˾
ڰ׼ҹ˾˾ڴ룬οҪʮǰڰ׼ҹ˾
ûװһ˾û취þֻԼѰҡҺڰ׼һм˺üˣҲǿܲ鵽
ڰ׼ңaϲ㿪ʼע⣬Ҳ˲
˾Ѿ׼Ҹ˳ȥΪʲôͻȻô˳ػص׼ңڲ²⣺ѵֱ׼ҳˣ
׼Ҳ˽֪ʲô㣬Ҳ֪ÿİӢʲô뷨ÿź½ĴȴǰԴĬޱҲǷûж˵һ仰
׼ƽЩ졣
ֱһ´˳Ĭƽһ糿½Ĵˡ


68 
֪ҽ, û뵽ôȻڶ̶̼֮һֲѡ
ϵͳ, ⼸нĳɾͣǵŬΪ˲ʱԴ֪ʶδ磬֢֫⣬˵ֻһֲˡ
ҪǷȻ󲨣½ĴȵĹ̻һʱ䡣һ, һ˴̽µҲǴɡ
һϣ׼ҵҳࡣصվڲǰսȭͷѾ˱ĵļĺޱڴţֻаӢ½Ĵȵ, ޵
裬ˡ֪ڻԵʱҶôá֪˭©Ϣ, Щϲ֪˷ĵúܣ͵ڹ˾Ϸһ
½Ĵȱۣһ˵
˰죬ƺò, ڨڨزһ䣺ʵΪܸβҿܱ, ܶҵһ׵ר, Ҫٲһ˻Żʲô˼
ʣ˵Ļ, 벻ࡣ㡢иһ㻹ĸŮء
½Ĵǿ̧Ƥ, ȴûٴȰ, ػ˻֡˶ȥ, ֻöһ¡ĸŮˣȴǿһۡ
Ӣһҭüһ۶ĸ׸תѣֻðѲ¶ӣ裬ҸҽۺҽԺרҴ绰ٸ顣
ݣĸŮ޵ۿ죬ɵİɣ̫̫תѣǲܴ̼ǹ˵ޱޱҵѪ۹ͷŽǰ׼ˣ̫̫ٲܰȥɣ
ĵͷ
ĵ֣Ӣ᣺̫̫չҶ⼸ˡ̫̫˾ٺúһʽ׼ҵ¡
ĸŮ־ϲĵͷ᣺ҲںֻҪ趼ƽƽľͺˡ
ӢĸŮڻڡ
̫̫תѣȻû˸׼ҵĶ޹Ůڻʲôģ
ǸӰ˰׼ҵҰ֡Ӣɫ
һЩǮ򷢾ˣҲֱ̫ӡϾǷҽˡ׼ҪǴϷҽߣγϲϹϵ
ĻҪص׼ңǵǺð졣ǿܶԷߣǰһŮʲôвõģ
뵽Ӣ˵Ц
ڣû˶֮󣬶ź½Ĵ½ĴȶϵƬӲ¶ƫƫƬŴ
оô
ᣬ۾ȴֱضƬ
½ĴȸѲãΪ˵Ҳá
תͷԸƬһۣǡһóΡһûм޸㻹½
ǿƿƤԼ˹⣺Ⱳǵʱ̵ʱ̡Ҿͼ޽˰׼ҡ
ɫ䵭ôͻȻ˵㻹ûָϢɡ
̫ˣұҪ˵˵ܷɿݵƺܿ۽ôôأȻڽ֮ǰҾ֪ҵ»֮ҹȴٴθҲҪʲô롣
֣ɫһ䣬½ĴȳԼûз֣˵Ϊװĵĵԭ򣬴СͶԸ鲻ȤⱲֻ˰׼ҡȻû飬֤κζԲҵ¡
˵ʲô½ĴȵɳƣҸռ޹һɷͶ˵ĻǸÿ޻ǸЦǻ𶯣ֱɳ˵Ҳã˭벻˭أǶʱҹޣزڴһ˿֧Ű׼ҡҺߡĲ֪ôźá
ս֣䡣
½ĴζҡҡͷұΪⱲӻྴû뵽Ȼȱǵԣϣҧø֨죺 ȻǸչ׵СķˣҪ˾ȥһһڹ
Ƕǹȥˣˡ
ҵˣһԵʱɺ⻹ھҡ½ĴȿһķƾʲôһķƻԣһʲôΨΨŵŵıķֵزػ˲𣿣
ҿԣ˵ǴҲǲɣǸʱһӢԤӢĺӣõ֮Ҳ֪ж࿪ġ
ֳһЦתͷֱؿȫҸƬ
ȻҺùҾͲùǵԣߣҾ˵Ķӣ
½ĴЦ۽ֻǶԲ㣬ô궼ûӢһס
ЩݣֻҪ㿪ľͺá
½ĴȻعͷȥұžô໥Ϸαعһӡֻϧ̫ˡ
죬﷢Źֵ̾ϢЦ³ʲôҲ֪࣬ⲻҵļߣҰҵĶӵĶһҲòǰǷ޵Ե֡
ɫ΢䣬ſȻˣŸѣǲҪ˵̫໰ˣϽҽ顣
½ĴȻ˵ҲɣǸȥһǰһ£춼ڰ½Ĵȡ׼ҵҰǵĺ·ֳ˼봦Ǹ˵ʱȴˡ
˵ˣ½Ĵȱۣܣܵ𣿻ǱҵˡҵĶ˭ߡ
ǣģ½һǰ׼ңеĶġ
½ĴһЦ
߳䣬ֻ˶ûпڴɺĵ΢΢˸


69 
صűʱѾ硣
, ļͷʢһ㵥ѩӨӨŹ⣬ƤѩҪס
صҲû, һ۾תʲô£
ţ㣬½ĴѾˡȻϢֻһ仰£, ֮Ѿ˵һС
һתۣϷŵĵԶ, ۽ǵκ죬һѾ֪ˣ
ذЬ߸Ҳ֪, ֪ұò֪顣˵, ̴ٵЦһ
һ, ᵽ˾
ϵĲԾԶ׼, ĬĬذѾƱˣڰ׼ҷ
ǡصɳϣüģ½ĴȿʱҾͷˡұб޻, ȴû뵽
˵, ̧ͷɫҲ䵭ȥ½Ĵȵô
һˮӹʱȻָһ, ŭǰֻǽơ
Ҳ֪ʲôַ, ֻһ, ͷʹͻ
ջ, ɫ糣û, ˵Ǻܳ⡣ϸӵ˶þǿߡ
һü, ֪ʲô
һϵĵ, ؿ϶ʲô, ĿǰΪֹ֪
˵һҽֹβ
㻹ʲô૵ʡ
硭ûκʹһ˵滰
ƹ£ɫ룬Įʱغϡ۷βȡ˶ôĳɾͣصʱȻԷԼԭ
ȻڲΥ¡
ƫͷĺˣֻ㻹ǻȥúõҽɣҲҪͽС
ֻ벹³ޣͻ
ûѵ͡طˮѾƱ˻㵽ΪʲôͻȻ׼ңͺͽͻȻһ֪벹˦ң½ĴȾһѾ㹻ˣԺԼԼ𡣡
վء
ĮؿȥĲԣûǰһʾս󣺡ҳӽ׼ңΪ㡣ⲢûиġȥļұΪҿԷ㣬רҽ߱ϱ߹ȴ㻹ǰϸһѾҵĹ裬޷ͷˡ
ҿɲ뵱ʲôϸ³һ˵ʲôȴִʱ˵棬ͷȥӽٽһز˵㵵Ѫ׵Ŷθʺ
˵ʲôһЦҸûоܾ׷أҲûн֮⡣ֻҵԶһ㣬ⶼ𣿡
ǡ
Ҫ˵Ļƿԡ˵ûдûоܾȻ֮Ǹһ㲣޽ӽȴ޷Ѹܡ
һߣǰУһߣͥ鲽ЦȻ
һĳͷǳޣӡ
ƹ£üŨصİӰĬؿء
ظ˵ֻһϢֳͷüһ
Ϊһҽβε𣿡
ᣬҽΡ
ǾͰ½Ĵκðɡ֮ǰϣ
ûԭ򣺡á
ҡͷЦҲϵ˵öԡѾҵˣ㻮ϵ̫ˡ
֪׼ҺйأҲεİæв㡣أӻһñ֤ҵľġ
ӻ
ĳ
Ϣ԰׼ҵһӶ֣֮Է˶ڰ׼ҹصĺôصԼĸףշת֪һ㵱İ׼˾Ϣ
һİĴӣȻʼûһٵˡ˵ʶ˵ٰͰˡ
пޣվڴڵĿ½һǡ
٣ΪѰҵҲΪѰ֤ˡ
½ĴȺͶĻ֮һҹߡȻԼԵɣ׶ʱЩز
֮ǰڰ׼׼ҷ֧ڶĻΪš˼ʮ꣬Ͷ˸ѵʶ
˵ö˴ķӦǵ½Ĵ˵ǷʱףǰֻǿͣǣıɱǲԼô侲
հֽֻһΪǷȴû뵽½¡
ĴŲӴֿһ·磬ǽ𣺡Ҹ
½ʣ棿
ӣǡ
ˣô仹棿öͨ绰ںЩ㱡
ЩҪ졣
½Цһƺķܺϰߣ㣬ʲôʱcУļˡ
ضһ£һ֮ڵİɡ
һ֮ڣЦһÿɷ񣺡һ֮ڲʦȨѧ
ص㻹cʵʵŰɣڸûѧУҲҲҡ
½¶һ£ǵҵôҵΪҶ㹻˽⣬ֻҪܻҵġ
ֵס磬ָ©˳ĿǱѩѩϽӲӵӫ⣬֪ˡ
˵绰¸ڰ׼ҹ˴绰Ȼһ±÷Ķ䡣סΪЩɡڳ˲Ǯ󲿷ֶµȥˡߣ϶̫Զ
һںϾؾɵˣͻȻԭɲܲ˶롣ͰȺҲϾʹְ׼ҸĹʲôõĴʹˣ½ĴȣԷܻźúõĹؼҡ
ΨһĿܾǣǱȴְġ
ص峤ңʳļϢȻݱȶһԽԶҽΪԣĴӡ
תתҹҹɫһ䣬˵ǮһСҵ١
Էη˶ƨɼϵûֽƾٹͷĭһ˦ϣը
ߵļ򣺡١
ٲͷػعͷ¶һŵ΢΢ϵʲôϣ˭ҵСûæأɶһ˵
δ䣬ͻȻʶʲôһưȾܡ
ڲ٣
˶󣬼С̵żƣ鼱֮ܵÿ죬ؼ׷ϡ
ҹɫ£ǹѩؽĺϣһģʱɾڵϣȴû뵽̫ûаסһֻ˳ȥ
صֲڱӲʯϣһŭǶԷ٣ʲôܣ
پŭؿһۣվ͸оһۣһ͵̱ڵأʱг
̧ۣȵصôˣ
ɫ£ѩУһֻ־ͽΰڵأҲ㡣
Ǹ١վԶԶһСŭ˭ʲôҰ֣
ȥϵѩͻң̧һЦҪ˵ġ
һ¡
Щúܺãģ彡áؾܲΪسɷΪ顣
ֻʮǰйԴӰ׼Ҵְ֮͸ϼôţԼ١
ؽէһʼûзӦع;쵽ԾôСѾͷô֪ǰ֡ڰ׼Һദúܾõûз֣صü֮аӰӵģٱ飬һʶؾΪǰ׼ڣܳȥ
ؿһӣӺܴ󣬽֮װ޲ô»еСҶõ͵ϧ
֤ҪǮʲôеѡ
ŮŮȥȻ˵Լ˴ε⡣ڵģһ
Ϊʲôôţ
ٶǲ˵ʵ˫أһ͵٣ֱĴָһ
ٶԽǮģļ˲ġתȥȥ߷ţû뵽˵仰ԷϾͱ̬ȣΨΨŵŵذ̾˵С㣬ͱˣʲôҶ˵
ؿһ۷ٵүү֮ǰʲôϲʶ÷ΪʲôͻȻְᵽ
ǰ㱡
ȷʵ˾ֺͰϵ׽˾Դӽ󣬾;æҵٻؼҡ
ĻͲ࣬ڰ׼ܺͰ˵ϻľȻҲֻ˾ؼҵ·;ܳڳ˵䡣
֮У½ĴȵĮ·½ĴڶԷֻӣǰˡ
ְԾʱڰҪڻؼҵ·Ϲһ죬ȥһİıŷ֣ﾹȻŰ׼ҵǸСķΪ˰ܣ֤˵ȥ
ֻ֤ٺãҲס׼ҵŮ½ĴȵգڽǮջ͵͵˵ˡ
֮󣬰½Ĵò룬Ȼӭ׼ҵһ׼ûһֵաһؼҵ·ϣһƣȻЦŵҪкˣܼҵľȻһҪˡ
ľ˵
ֻû뵽ڶ˼Ȼò࣬˾һ㲻Ծ˵ҲҶ룬ŵѺ÷һٲȣܻܿһʬ·֮ǰϽܣú÷ǰˡ
½ĴΪ˶ס죬ҲΪ˰׼ҵӣɢйκκ÷飬족¾Űڵ£˿Ͱ뻹𣬶һĶޡ
Ǯ½ĴһԾ˸ᵽĴӣôΪܻŹײһȴû뵽һػ
ү֮ǰʲô״𣿡
ûУõúܡ͵ҽԺ֮ҽֻ˵۹ಡͻԺܿͻˡ
ֱ촽ûʡ
ڴϣʷôٿڵġ
ʹüۣһСĵظ˿һߵҿ촽ϣĸҲǽţ²ಡҶݣұ֤ӣɿڡ
ظӵ̾
ܿͿʼҧղһֱ󣿡
ɴָһ̧ۣͣҿϢ֪šҲԾ͸˹
ûɣ޻˵ϾҲһѣһٵϣ֪Է¶ࡣ
ô꣬Сӻô
ָ½Ĵ𣿡
ᡣػɫʼ䵭᲻Ϊ±½Ĵȱˮ˵ȫֻǿûг֤֤½ĴɱġҪ֤ݵĻʱ䲻ˡ
һ£ҪѶʱ䣬Ҷ㡣
Цһ£û˵
صaУһǳ̳
Էһ㣬ûǰ緢ػǲԾ̧°ͣ¸¾ҺޱޱĶˣ𣿡
¸£
֪Щ̳Цһ£ޱޱȲˡ֪ģЩճ
ôἱشϲòһȻԽԽá
̳ˡ
ءò˵ɡ
ô᣿ذԼƤ۶ϣﶼǶǵףףǰúϡ롣
̳϶е뷨㲻˵ҡ֪ܡϾҪҶ㡣ݻҲ˭϶ܡֻҲôˡʵҺޱޱһҲмͥĹϵһֱ㡣
أ
̳˵ΪڸжɵǰһģʹҺˣҲô㲻ܡڳ˻ױûбҵҺޱޱ󣬲ճ̼ҵĲҵʱʲôûܹܡ
ѵûһЦôûô
̳ϲʤҵ˼ˣ
صҲסҿ
̳ģһ˵
ų̳ıӰóֻر¼Ȼ󷢸ޱ
ϵͳʵҪƻޱĻ𣿡
ص㻹ǲ˽ޱ¼ȥƻõ벻Ч
ȻޱһϢҺͳ̸ĶУʱеýֱϣܵףǡ
ڰ׼ˡý˶ڵ£ʱ˺ͣͲһˡ
һЦ


70 
ܿ͵Ƶޱݻ, ȴûиеһ㿪ġ
İȹڣһݺɸ֣㶩ӣ⸱Ӹ˭
ޱ, ǰޱͷ, ܾﲻ̤ʵ
ʲô̤ʵġĳ˳ޱǰĲϣǰƴǰĶ, ò׵ˣûʼôˣ
ΪǸ, Ҷ֮ǰҷһ¼ҪȻܰѶǰ𣿱Ϊ̳ģû뵽ϾͿʼҵ绰ұҶƵġޱԹ
ջ, üͷһ壺ǰΪԸǶҡڿ㻹İְֱִ֣̳Ѿǰ϶ˣϾҪʼ㻹Щϸ֦ĩڸʲôҲǸ߹㡭
ģҪץסһ˵, òǲеģ벻㡣Ѿְ˵ˣζýǰ׼ͳĺ, ɲʲôҰܱȵϵġԳ̼ҰŰ׼ҵӣҾͲų̳ÿ㡣
ޱһ裬áôץסֵ𣿡
ΪأһЦ, ȻҲҵûеһʱְ, ̵Ը, ֪ǰ׼ҵֵĵһ죬͵ðҸ, ĸŮɾҪȷֿˡŵְվȽŸٹ, û뵽Ǹʦ㳭˭ƫƫģ
ޱ㿪ָָ, һǸʱȲѰݹҽ̲ˣҲʱǿԺԺȫǣ˵ʲôʲô
ޱһЦӢ
һüң˵úø̳ϲѶǰȻôԸ⵫ҲӦˡ˾ǿǰڰ׼Һ绽꣬ڲҲһ̯⡭
˵һ룬ſˡӢ˽ʲô⣿
һЦ˵Ůˣⶼˡ
ˣҰӢŮԶġ˵ǰޱüͷ΢壬Ϊڽţţһỹýգóǰ׼˵
ޱǿһЦ֣𣿡
ʲôأ
һ֣ӢͲ
ôҲŮҲѣҶȻɡ
һ鿴ŵġĺӣЩֵˡ
ֻǾóӣЩᶼ⿪á
Ӣһ£ΰޱͳ̳Ķý嶼ڵ°ãԵ˵֪ԼĵλҪſı¾Ϳػذ׼ңﻹǸϲ̨Ұְˡ
ޱŮȻýǰⲻӣñ֪˵ǰ飬һͷܴϷҲzfð׼Ҳ˵
̴ãǿ¶Цޱޱ裬̫аɣҾģӹҲСģѾͷǸӣͲˡ˿ס
ޱһЦҲ£ְ֡
ʱУһ̳֮˸ĸĴߴٸش绰Էûнӡ
½Ĵߡ
Ӣ۳ޱޱŮһý嶼ֳˡ
½Ĵ̱ϣһЦ
ЦȴǴȰǳ
ΪӢĸףôܻ᲻˽ԼĶӡԷζ񣬲Ϊ˰ޱΪԼ
϶ƱҪһӣǽƻṵ̂ѧ˸ʮʮǰ쿴˼ҲΪԼԲѶۣΪû׼ҵЩϲĻ
½ĴȵҲûжģôʲô֪ǰ鶼ǸƣΨаǮȨץ
ҲŮǰޱŮ̬ȶ䵭ԭ
Ķ֪Ӣ˵Ϊ˸ϲʵΪ׼ҷ֧ģȻвϲδָ岻ܶ˵ʲô
ĵļڣ֪׼ҲܷڰӢ̫ãȨջ
ޱҲŮ׼ҵֵ¡ЩҲӦõġ׼ֱҧøء
Ц÷̡
ĿķҲһЦǣⶼӦõġ
ýԴޱų̨̳ǰȻǲǰӢ
Ӣװͦһվ̨ǰ¡ؽԼݣźȻؽ˰ķ粨
ֺըڶߣ̳һŲʣһ⿴ȥ
ޱ˲֪ڿʲôڿǿѹ²̳磬ǶӣôĲɰ
ޱǴ֪ѻ˵͸ͻ᳹ʧȥˣֱҲûи߸߶ԷѾ֪̳жĵ¡
̳͵ػ񣺡ûУֻ̫˷û˯ãԾЩá
֪ΪʲôͰޱһʱ䳤ȻҲϰ˵ѡ
ޱ۽ޣԭôİΪֻԼء
ϾЦֻǿϧˣôõĶȴ
̳ɫһ䡣
ޱʹΪְֵŮѾԭĸ׵ƭû뵽ȴǷŲ¡
ǸĻӢȰȻͻȻ˰ޱݣʵޱޱŮ
ֳȻһƬǰ׼˻ȫը˹ǵص˹
̳ƫͷޱǿӲվǰЦ̳硣˶֪ǰ׼ҵǧˣ˦ˡ
̳ɫһ䡣ǰ棬ӢʣظλҲ֪ǰ׼֮ǰһЩЦ¡ұʮŮƭˣǰ׼ҵĲƲһûѪԵϵŮ׼ҵĲƲһ֮¾Ͱظϳ˼ţΪⱲҾعȥû뵽ҲŮޱ͵ߣҲĿˣ
ӢĸŮʣý忪ʼַգ½Ĵȴüۺ޲
Ӣ᣺ŽŮĴӣҲأӣְֲں˭Ѫʹĸײô㲻ǰҳ嶯ϳȥӽԺһ᲻ǰӣúô㡣ޱޱҲġ
ĺ̾ӢǴȣ
ͷǰӸӵ˲ˡ
Ѿͷǻ˼ӵĸ׼ҽӻȥǸʲôƨǵǿˡ
ȻвҲװӢ˼ϴЦֻҪԸһҶ
Ӣͷ
ڴ˿̣ƵĴűƿôȣǸж
ֳʱһ
һСʱǰ
뺯·š
׼ôԸǣ
ʲô˵ʲô
㵱˵֤ݲ㡣
Ǿ֤ݡýǰһ̩ɽѹ治ɫѹҲ¶š
Ҿ֤ݲţֻҪ۵ˮʯ
ҪޱѶǰԭ˶ڳ¡ֱִмƻõĵص㡣
㲻ҪæӢǽô죿
ҲҪ܆¡
ΪǺͻȻʱ鷢չϵͳļ֮ڡ
زںϵͳĳ˥ء
أ
ЦǣȽгֵĲǰӢǳ̳
ޱ̲סһۣ̳תͷ
ӢϵЦֲȥءˣ
ôõôܲǰ԰ޱһЦһû׿ڹϲСհףĶ˫ϲš
̳Ҫ˵ޱһЦллأԺص׼ңһúôġ
ӢҲܿͷӦˣϾ͵ԣء֪ղû˵ĻԺһúô㡣ĸ׶԰׼ʲôҶ̡ϾۿųģôĿ浱ʲôԿࣿ
صĸǶԲ㣬ȴûжԲ׼ҡ
Ӣһ㶣˵ʲô
һЦ˵׼ʲôãҼǵǵİϹ˾Ҫ˰ɣ
Ӣһý壬ŭأҴû̹òڲԣ뿪׼ҵ㶼ѧʲô
ѧ˺ܶࡣ̧ۿ̶̼£ڰ׼ʮѧĶҪࡣѧ֪ʶѧġ֪ʶ²裬ĸڵʱ׼ҵϡģ»ңһױʱӲգ·ȫǼٻƶǼٵĻʲôģ
Ӣ͵صɴۣ㣡أҶô˵
һӢҪסˣϽһ£ôְܶô˵ͱӰûղô˵ǰҪˣô˵ֻ
̳ΪصĲԾΪ֪ԼҪͰޱ飬ǽϲɵΪ˵̡زˡҲǡ
أޱɤ˳̳ĻôԶҰְô˵ѾԭĸŮ㻹Ҫô
һӰޱ۽ǻ£ýľͷﾧӨҶĺӣͷҪԹԶҷΪʲôҪ˺Ұְ֣
Ӣ̾ǿӶ˫ýˡʱýܷŹֹѪϷ룬һǹں޲صϡ
һЦ˵˵ʲôԹ
Ϊ裿ޱŰӢߣȻ֪ԼǰְֵŮ֮ǰҾ֪ĸ׸ɵЩ¡ڼ޸Ұְ֮ǰ㣡ǰ׼ҵĺӣ뿪׼ʲô
г̳硭ޱžͷʣ֪һ𡣵ǰҵû˵ϲ㡣ҺãΪʲôһҪĺҿԴңΪʲôҪ˺ҵĸףҪҵĶң
ֳ۷׷ף̳ľͷĬĬջصĽš
ĸӢ˳Ӣ磬ˡ͵Ǻı¿ηΣǲҪŮˡͰ׼һϵûУԺҲҪˡ
ҲǲģʹӢأŭĿԲָ׼Ұװʮ꣬Ȼô֪ж
ֳһƬĬ´󲿷˵ᰵӢúá
ػһܣһЦҵȷʵǰ׼ң㡣°ǲ֪жġҰ֡
ʲʲô
Ӣ˵ɫһ䡣
˼ΪĴԲѷŭʱزͳһֽڵض½Ĵȣ
仰ʲô˼ڳһˣ˵𡭡̡


71 
½Ĵ΢΢۾, ЩĮؿء
׻Ƕȱסʲôɫһ䡣
ýչչһֽ
ǿ, Ҹλһ, ֶ֧ΪӢѧס
һһ٣ý˵Ķ, 󲿷ֵ˻ûзӦǵһأں˵ʲô
ض㿪ָ, ֽһɲǺ˵, ֽдǶĶӣĸ˭ԶŮʿ뿴Ļ𼱣һʮݸӡϸ㡣
˵, ӰͳһֽߡָȥӢͳһֽ̧صڵ, ʱһա
Ӣյ鶯أ𣿾Ȼֶƭˣ
Ҳһ, ֮һ, ʶˣǼٵģȫǼٵģӡ, ޸ݣ
ڳļҲ֤ݳл̬, ʱƵٶȱƿ, һĮ
ҿ֤, ġ
˻ͷȥ
, üĿ䵭ǺһѩŹܼҵļȫڹѧǰ½Уǲ, ﻹһݡ
ͳһļ, 졣Զ׼Ϊ½ĴƵʱõ
˵ص֤ںͶһžʯ, ĳ־Ͷһը˶ûзӦͿذļ˳
Ӣװףŭ֮ȴûлңΪԼǶĶӣֻļغͷΪ˱õˮ
ҽǰ׼ȻжĸףⲢƽ޹ʵˣ
ǡҲϷӦҽ㲻ΪسͲԼҽԭ֤ҥǣ
Ϊء̳㶡
ޱһۣҧŴȻΪذҽǰ˵̹ҽദ˿϶и飬ҽΪ˵Ҳ޿ɺǡԼǸҰ֣Ȼַ׼ң޴ΪޱһûǰԼĲ
Ǽٵýһ֪
͵սȭͷ½Ĵɫ䣺ʲôϽ˸ϳȥϵҽС㡣ȻǾϷһǰ׼ҾԲӭ־ϲˣǳȥ
Ƶı㿴ҿ㣬ɵǰ
һЦ¼ʣŹܼң˵öԣǰ׼ңǶżң׼ҾԲ̾ϲ
䣬¼һ죬ʱ˳ĴȡúϢһһֱߡ
ʹˣ˵ʲôĻȻֻȼеԼȻҡ
ȻƷ֮ǲĽڴ˾ëȻ뵽½ĴȺͶݣ˼Ż
ôƫƫ˷¼ʵԱߣ½ĴĵһĮĶİͬһը˵Ķߡ
ԭ׼ҵŮ˺Ͱ׼ҵĹܼң˽ͬѰޣܡ
ΣŤİӢ͵Ťͷ½Ĵȣ裡ôһ£
ʶصǰ棺Ӣǡ
tmӢҵһ˽е𣿡Ӣۿͨ죬ָ½Ĵȣô£𣿡
ɫһ䣬½ĴһǼٵģҸղŲ˵ȥ𣿡
Ȼʱ˿̣ӢҪŪˮʯɣԽԽŭģŻѵĺͶ
Ӣ磡ؼʱ̣˰ӢһѡȻ½Ĵ赲½ңʱҲ½ĴĹϵ϶԰Ӣûкô
Ÿ½Ĵ˵û½ĴӣֻδĻһ°Ӣ
ӢȻ񣬵Ҳѹסŭ𣺡Ȼȥٺ˵˵¡
֣ޱɴȹܹղõż֤鲻ģ͸ˣ϶Һ̶ŹܼƵ¼ģһҪ
Ųſɲ㡣Цôѵûз֣½˺ͶŹܼҵĹϵһ͸׽Ͼеʱ׼ҵ½ԸͶŹܼҲԸ˵ŹܼδȢԹ޻ڵ½ߣŹܼҶ԰׼ҡǶ˽ķס
Щ²ΪƽԽԽôصļ仰ʹ˰ӢĴšСʱĸ׺ͶŹܼһʱԷ޶񣬻ĸᵽʱԼ¶ӶÿһԵС¶ָС
ͺһڲĿ¸оԼһֻ棬Σأĸ׵Ұ֣ˣֶα׼ңһʶزϣʼɫ
ᵽĸףҰ֡仰ңĸ׵һûи㡣
¼֪е˲ţͰЩ¼ϣʱԻбȶԡӦýʱͻ֪ǲһˡ
ӢļŤţƶԼǶĶӣȻƶͶָ
пܵģǰĶӣǶĶӣնţ
һ̫ˣ֤ǲģһϼٵҲ֣ʱӢ׼ҵĵλˡ
ף񲻻ף׼ҷ֧ļ˽̲סȴǰޱ
һؾҪ̧֣һץסޱۿͨ죬ҧгݵأǲǣΪƻҵĶԲ׼һеǲǣʲôӼʲô¼αģΪʲôҪôңѵ㻹Ǻ޳̳統ûкһ𣿡
⻰̳ʶ̧ͷͳ̼ҵһȻ֪Ӣܿܲǰ׼ҵˡǱ˳һӣֻۡúͰޱһΪ踺ضһЦ
Ӣǰ׼ҵ˵ĻôޱҲǰ׼ҵˣȢһҰֵҰ֣
߷֮ʱԼĹĶֱضأҲ֪ڴ˵ʲô
ؿޱ㵽ڻҵԵ˭ѵҪװ׵ظ㣬Ҳϲ̳ǰûжһ˿һġ
üͷ˲һһǡ
ֿĸδԹˣվһֻҵۣȰúҪܳˡԵģͷβֻαİ׼ңȰ㲻Ҫֿԡ
һ˦ͽޱƵ̳ĻȻ˵Ļ̳ûзӦ˽סޱ
ǰҲ˵ƵĻ̳Ϊܹݣ˺ý棬ϣ¶ӶÿֶǶӣһӱܵǣòһʵĿ
˵ڵصİޱɫʹλز
ɫҰܱߵˣؿ̨ɫ½Ĵȣ½ˣԼϵˣҪҪɻкܶࡣ
˶ӣֿǰġû뵽һȻܺԼصڴ֮ͥ¶ţڶԶԷľ֪֮ƽ
ۿ½Ĵȿű飬γ鶯һ۽ǣء֪԰׼ԹԣⲻҵɡӢȷʵҺĺӡͶûаϵ֣һԿյϷһϱͽ֣
ִ֮ãֻڡ
Աߣ֧һͷ۵õϱô˵棬ʲôֱ˵˰ɣѡϢ׼ҵˮҲǣ
ϸ˵öԡ۵Ůʿ˵¼Ǽ٣ǽˡǰ׼aһһѪͳϳʲô¿ɾЦˡ
ߵ磬ʣǼϼһﲻðѰ׼ҿ㣿ôȥ԰׼ҵڣ
Щϲһһذ½ĴȱͲ԰׵ɫѿֻ֪ҪǰӢĶʵӢܲõλˣ׼Ů˵λҲȵ
λ
ǿ֪󣬵ϾǼ¡ڳý壬ⲻ𣿡
˫أ½ˣɲǡ
ɲǼ¡
űٶƿһʵɽȪ˽ϵ׼Һ½ҵĹϵϵôǼ£
˻ͷȥԵɴۡ
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72 
½µĳÿٶһ
ǰ, ͷ벻ͬȻ֪˴ʱ˵ĿľԲ򵥣崺, Ծһ
Ȼ, ½ºͷһ֮ۡĲмһ˿ԼҲԸ
ΪԷֻǶݳֵ׷, һ˿
زͷʣôˣ
½µˣҺ½ݡ
˵, ˹ժ۾׼Һ½, ȻѪͳ⣬ǾͲǰ׼ҵļ£˾֮¡ĲǰĶ, ô½Ҳθ׼һ
½ĴվҪܹȥҧ½¡
½£½Ĵҧҧȴ˵̫صĻղʢŭ֮¶ԷѾǲˣһѧžصλ½, Ҫ˰Ƴȥ, ˵zf, ЩıʸҲīˮ׼ҡ
½Ĵֻǰ軨, ҧսη, ӲһЦܡ֪Ǻġڰ׼ҵ˽, ûԲ׼ҵ, Ϊҵ, Ӧվһߡ
½µЩѧʵʵǣվһҪ֤ݡ
½ĴȵɫЩÿ
½ֵ½˲ö, Ȼصʦ, Ҳ½ҵѪ, Ȼƫġó֤ݡȻΪҽҽ֤٣ǾûȡŵıҪ
΢΢һ̧ۣĵƤĿ綬ѩϵ
½»£ɫ۾ɡ
һüġ
½ĴǸչ½¾ͽӹ¼ʣΪ˹ҽʣµ¼жϲ١
½ĴȵʱͽӲ֪б¼ĶֻЩ֪Էó֤ݶġз֤ڳѾ߰˳ɣȥͳû취ճˡ
ζظϳȥ
Ϊ½¹Ǵ½ҰģڿԷ⵹ˡ
ܡǿ֧ϣǵЦһӲѾͷȡ֣ҽҵѾͷɱΣһѧھͲҪˡ
½ҡͷ˵ڰ׼Һ½ҵ顣ܲˮʯҾͶԲ½ݡ
½Ĵһ½£⹫½ҵķ֧ڼʹѧأҲܲ˵ͷ
Ȼִᣬִ廹ĴͳѪԵͱҷּҿޱ֮ء
½Ĵ½ұҵļ̳֮һ½µĵλȻȻɶ½Ʋ½ҵѹˣҲе顣
½һЦ½ˣǾòڴ޷˽½ҵ״ĸѾҸ׵˱ϡҲһġˡˡ
½ĴһͣƺǱһû졣
ֳڶҪ˵ʱǰó½Ĵȵͷ˼£½ĴͬػˮԴ㣬͵شɫ˥̱ܵϡ
ôܡôܡ˵𣿸׵ʲô˼Ϳ
ͷ½£̫̼ܿܳܲס»ʡ
֮⣬֮½Ĵȵˣô˳ĸӵˡ
˼½ֻʹ죬Ϊ롣
½¿һأңҲá
ػû˵ʲôͰ¼ʶ˫Ƥһ˵ˡ
ϵͳ֮֮ǰһĻϵͳ޺ˡ
أ
һ˵İΧȦ½ˣ״뿿ԶҶʣ̫ˡ
ûУ½ĴȱĻŭ𣺡أǰ׼Ǹĸʮ꣬Ұֶʮ꣬жҲû뵽𱨶˰׼ң
ƽ½ˣ˵Ѿûˣĸ׹ȥ£ڳ˸֪¼ʣµڴﶼ¼ʲô
½ĴضķӦ졣쵽ؾԲɫ󣬸Ͻ˰Ӣһѣ취
ӢʱҲ˲Լ˭Ķˣ۾ŭһɣ裬Ұ˵ʲôޱޱõӰ׼ôİҰϽƳȥ
ʱ˿̣Ѿ˲û᲻﷽½ˣԤУذʣµĶųôǰ׼ҽҪԵľ֣֮
½ĴȰڷ½µݣٳٲҿڣޱ󺰣̣ԥˡ½Ǵ˴бǶԻˣϽǸϳȥŶԣҲЩ˻ҵĶ񣡡
Ȼ½µݾͲЩܵģƵ걣ԥǰµһ¡
ޱɸ֣صؿһأȺ
˵ţͳسһת㿪Ӣ׼ʱȥ¼ʣһ߿½½ػ󣬾ֳһҵʱ򣬴ٶȱ߿ѩس
ҿ˭Ҷ֡
һΣػͷڳýʧԣ
ذѰޱԼ˺ֲȡ
Դźɫ£̤ŷѩıԶѰ׼˷ֳֿڻָƽ
½ºͷĳڳ˶ԵĳѾҪˣֻвԵ죬ߵߣû˵ɣ
ŤŤ󣺡ûУҵЩá
Ȼľʣôˣ
Ե˵ڰ׼ң۸Ծ͸Ϲˡ
˵ˮжֻ֪
ûʱһȦޱԲıڣ̲סһ
ڲܰ׼˵ľˡ
ָصԸõİ취Ǽı߷Σ
½½ͬʱЦһ
ԵǷſɡ׼˱ɿԵƲ֮аӢ˺üţ˵
ޱȹ˺ˣͷɴҲˣֻҧڳ̳Ļ
Եʲôʲô
ó¼ʣȻô¼Ҿͳȫǡ
˵ţһ¡
¼˷ɢƽʱϽɢ˳½ĴС⣬ģȻϢ֮ʱ˵˫ĿĻ
ӢǵĶӣ̫ˡΪŮһ仰ͰѰŪҲãֻҪģϾ㵹ô
½ĴϻҵѪģǻǲӲܡ
ȹһʱٺú̸̸ɣŮ˾Բܽ׼ҡ
ڳ˾ĬһƬɫհףӢ˲ʹҰޣҰֻ֣óαĶ֤ݣٷǧݣ
ص֤ô
ܣӢŴۿͨ죺ⲻģ㲻ҪԻˣЩɫ
װɡ֤ҵ֤ģͶĸ׵Ǹ˵ð֤ˣϾ뿪ҵǱǸ
̫ˣޱҧгݵص֤ˣҲþϹǹ£ΪƻҵĶǸ
̳˵ޱ˦֣ʱ㻹ҪΪŮ˵ѵûϲĻ𣿡
̳ɫɷף͡
ԣһЦֻҪϹҪԼҰ֡
ĸܾͲסӵİޱһӦ£ӢЩӦһζ԰ޱ𣺡һóʲô֤ô죿
ޱɪɪ֣òġóҲֻʲô棬ֲ֪ʲôطıûзЧǲϾˡ
Ӣŷģ˵öԣֻα¼ѣ޷ȡˡ
صѵǣҲҪ֤ݡ
һ̧°ͣĹԱԶǰڵϰһ£ʱޱĴĻ˻档
½ĴȵңĻ﷢˺͸ղ¼һģһֻһ˰棬½ĴȺͶһǵͨķޡ
˵Щ󣬻˱仯ظտʱҲɵ̾һо
վȣ½Ĵɫ͵شϵӢҡҡλΣһ̱ڵأҡҾȻǡҾȻǡšš
Ƕ½ĴȵĶӡ׿˵ܲ
ΧȻһƬͼ࣬׼Ҳá׼ҷ֧ﺬЦض㡱ʲôĶȢ׼ҵʲôʮҰ֣׼ұҾˣ
ãȻأӢģʶسվ
ӢɫҰףڳý缴ɻĶ
ޱĸòĶȥû뵽ͳ̳ʱĻȻǴʵݵ
ͷϵʯڣãȻģҵİְ־Ȼǰ׼ҵˣҵ˭ҼȲҲհףҵʲô
նţ֧￴ȥһڣүү̾ڰ׼Һĸ͵棬㸸ǲѧ׼ҵҰ֡ҰֵҰ֣
ޱһ棺죡죡
سǰҪȴԵı£̳סޱޱ
ޱ־͸һ⣺㣡أƻҵĶҸ׵ʵݻᱻҴ𣿣
̳ţ㾹ȻҹңҺػлԼʱңһᱳ㾭ǰߣһıȣΪһ㶩𣿡
һһ䣬ʱ¶˺ܶ൱ܣصίҲڴ¡
ֳ۷׷ףýͬѪԹ̰ؼһС
̳ͰޱδŤһصԩ˵ΪŭĹоһů½ºͷס֡
ԻعͷϽ֣ĸ׵ƬڰӢǰ
ŵԵʱˡ
ӢʶѰĵӰֶԷͲ֪ܵȥˡ
ЦһҴˣҲĸסһֱ˵Ұ֡Ҳû뵽ҲҲǡ
صҺ֮ǰ֪顣ķŭ⣬ĸײǷ׼ң˺Һһ档
Ӣۣǰĸ׵ģ㲻˽ұѹʹ
ۺ⣺һ֪һеġ
˵ţ̧ͷ½Ĵȡ
½Ĵ̱ڵϣûһֳ˺棬Ρ
Ȼ֤ݣΪʲôó
صϷǺܺΪõ¼ò¼ɡ
½Ĵȱرۣ׼ѾˣĿĴﵽˣӦúܿİɡֻӢ˭Ķӣⶼǰ׼ҵ顣Ըܳͷ֮޹أϽɡ
Ц½ϷˣڻΪΪ˱׼Ҹϳȥҿȷظ׼ҵĲƲﲻֵһᣬҲмص׼ҡһǴ׼ҵ¡԰׼˵ݡ
½Ĵ̧ۣΪѾûϷٶ̧ͷ
ʲô˼½Ĵɳơ
ضһ£ǲ֪ҵ˭Ұ𣿽Ҿ͸ǡ


73 
ڳ˶ʱһ, ̧°ͣĻϵĹһ䣬ֳһ˵Ļ
ĻϵüĿ, һºò΢ƣҵĸס
½ĴȲԶֳŪĿ⣺ˣ˶, ϶ǵáֻҪҸ, ϶, Сطɡ
˵ղ½ĴȵɫǲҰ׵ĻھˡǾ޴֮£Լã𵴳ɫһ飬ǿѹγ޷ӵࡣ
һĻĻ¸ֵǰһ֪ǸӴʱ, Ƕĸʧŭ, ٴηǵϲԼĲԼ⡣
طɣȻǵ֡Ϊⲻһ, ǿͷϵһ̡ΪԺͰྴƽعһ, û뵽ԷȻͱǸСķһ
÷ʧ˶ʮĸӵֲ°ڵǰǸʱ֪ǸҰкطɡһʧҰ־Ȼƽػ˶ʮ, ʵ½Ĵҧһ, ûԥ, Լ֡
Ƕʮȥ, û뵽ٶȱ𣬻Ǳ׼Ҹϳŵء
ʯ֮, ͵ʶػϢطǰĶ, ǺطɵŮ, ôԷǲİ׼ˣ
ط˭ƽʱɳƵļҸʶ, Ͱ׼ûκιϵ, Ƭʲô
ôܲʶػǰϸüۣѵûоúٿͣ
½ĴĿѵؿ߹·Էǳ˵Ķ
ʶػͷĻϵĺطɡطɳºͣ󲿷ĸףϸĻܿ׼˵ĻرǺͰͫ׺ڰ֮ʾһ˿Ȼ
ǰֻ֪кطôһҰ֣ѪԵĳ࣬񿴺طɵÿһƤ࣬Է׼һ־϶һ޼ŭ֪ط𺣣޲ȥ˺
ߵǰı϶ʶˡͰϦôʱ䣬ôܲʶ׼ҵĶӣ
˻һӢ͵̧ͷý嶼𾪵㣬ֻܴ쿴ء
˵˵ôǰĶӣ½Ĵͫһϡ
ǰ׼ôʵʵˣʹҵҲûе¡ɫ𾪵Ʋסа
Ϊ˹ɣһĶӡҵðƻ½Ĵ侲úܿ죺֪أ㻹ǵű׼ҸϳȥĳԾһЩèðĶӳŰ׼λ
½Ĵȼһ˿ʵ㡣˶Բ£ӵһ죬Ҿͻάһ졣Բò·˽׼ң
˵ϴʣͶ˽ӰӢ͵صĽ£Ļ˷Ц
˺Цˡ㲻·˽׼ңŰµǮ
ӢǺŰ׼ҵѪŰ׼ҵⳤ˽ӣ׼ҺͰ˵ʲôʸԼǰķˣּҵһȣʾ
½Ĵһͣɫת죬˵
Ӣ޵ݣôһδεĸŭˣ
Ҫȥһ˦أ˵Ұ֡ Ķӣʲô֤ݣĺӣ
ص֤ݡûС½ĴȸЦؾͽŵ˵϶Ҹȷʵǰ׼ҵĺҵ̾ǵڰ׼ҹıķ÷Ҹ֮󱻰һ½Ĵȸޱķڰ׼ôûһķڱһܡĵĸܻϰޱҲһ漣
ڵϵİޱ͵ػͷɫǺ졣ҪŭԷȴʲô˵
תͷؿԱߵķּҳλ߶ʱӦöŮӡ󡣡
ôһķ
˵֮󣬾Ҳûڰ׼ҿʲôķˡ
Ӣ׼ұô궼ûбķΪĸײϲû뵽Ȼɣ
ȻԺطɵݴɣ˵оݣиλ֤еƽѾʼб
ĸףǲ
÷֣½ĴǰޣرᵽݲؽѺ÷ӵıסýȢȴһɵһڹ
ΪԼڰ׼һλҪڲĵؿ佱Ʒ˵ԷԸɵĻźطɵƬŻȱĻҪʹࡣ
ҧ˵ס֣ۺʣүڻ˵ʵĿҰ׼ңֱطɣΪĪе׼ҵĲƲ
صһѰ˵Ļð׼ӵĹܼһǲҪΪ׼Ҵ򱧲ƽúá
ڳЦ΢΢̧֣Ī˲侲ѡ˵ҵĹ»û˵꣬ǲżϡ÷ºطɣ½ĴȷִڣƵòòԶ磬ӵcСһ˼ѵذѺط󡣡
طŰ׼˵ĻҲ̳˰׼˵ǻۡСƷѧţǸѵõ˲ţֻϧ岻ãಡӱԼһûƲ˼Щ˾ǲŹǾǲӽǮˣԼ˼Ȼնݳ
ضһ£ɲһ
ߵĬĬעӡ
ŵһջһСתƵɫ½ĴϣЩΪڸһСȴһҪ顣طɵ÷ѾĺӡȻӣֻص˰׼ҡ
һ仰˵ӢȻɴۣޱĲӼҪŤϣ۾ضأƺ޷˵Ļ
Ѿ಻סԵıţ¼ʼҪصϡ
Ӣأţ˵ʲʲô˼
½µе߼ܺ⡣صĻƲ⣺׼˳ɱڣԾ󻼣ԷŻ˺ؼĸӡ
dna⣬ǺطɵŮʵ绳ؼ޵׼Ҳʵ˵
ɫȻԵصĸײǳ죬ҲΪ˰׼ҵǮƼ޸Ϊ˱𡣡
Ӣ۽ǾҶɫ˵޸ҲΪҲΪǮΪˡ𣿣
ֱЦ½ĴȵžֻһЦܰĸƭҰֵһʹ磬Ϊıȡ׼ҵĲƲϧôһϷҿӢָأԭɱ˷Ż𣡡
Цȱ𼤶ҿʲôû˵Ʋ˵ġ
½һЦ
ŵʱ̣˽˫ۣĵظ½Ĵȵһˮ½Ĵҧˮһɨ¡
һ£ˮûϣɫһ̧۱ԶǰѶڵء
Ȼ彡ʣڵһᣬסڽ˶ֻ˻ŭȫûյķȡ
ΪӵİӢһۣӶƫͷȥ
Լܿ࣬½Ĵڱסɫλ岮ǾӲ½ĴȻ˶Բ׼ҵ£ҵ׻ӣôؿŮ˳۸ףҪصó˰׼ҵλѵǲ²ƲС˶𣡡
˷Ӧۺطݵ٣ֻҪǰ׼˵ʵ׼ұҵĲƲûǵķݶ
˱ɫزصҵվҸĸԩ꣬û˸ҳλ岮Ƿġʹ֤Ұ׼˵ݣ׼ҵǮҲմȾ֡ý嶼Ǽ֤ԺʳԣǴƵҡ
ֱƽϢȥصĵһ仰΢΢ɫߵ񣬿ԼŬİҲֻ΢΢ֵһˡ
Ѿʼĸ׼ǸѹϵĻʹ
һԳҪʱ̣ȴΪڷ絲ֻ꣬ǿһͣʵ˰ա
ܾ˼˵ףͬӳϵײ˵ϡûз֡
½Ĵȿãɵøޡָϲסز֪Լһ׼Ů˵ݣʹ͹ܼ˽ΣѾˣҲûˡּҵû취ֻҪһ˳İ׼Ůˡ
صݺͿڹʵôʧȥ󲿷ְ׼ҵĲƲ֣֮
Բصóѣ
ءӶĴŪÿбеĺȵصأûбſƿص⣺˵ô࣬û֤ݡҿԿظڰɡ
û֤֤˵ţȥĴš
ϢýͿͣ߸Ь΢죬ֱһ΢΢һ졣
϶ҲϤδ䣬һ䣺ôˣ
⣬Ǵɫ£һ΢ЦĽ
͸˵һ
ذ˰üģʶؿͶߵˣôҵģ
ֱֳ׼ҵַ졣˵ţȻ˿ղŲܣҸʱɰ˻
ӡ
صлˡ
Žߵ̨ǰǹţˣظƽˡ
⼸֮УֻصġѡȫȻ֪Щɻ
ʣµ˶Խһۣ½֮ǰʶҲغͽġ顱ֻ⣬޶
ص󣬲̽ĴڣûӴȻϺޱ飬Ѿ΢΢ۡ
Բñȷϸ£ԽصĹȥ䲻˽⵫Ҳ֪˲򵥣΢΢һڣüĿȻ
ʶʲôֹסŲ߸ߵüҡ
ԴˣصĸƵǰȫ롣
شˣһַ̧ԼֱϺëֱ
ϵͳҲǵһμֳ棬̲ס̾
Ŷ
ذ̾۽ɱ֡áˡ


74 
, ½ĴЩɻȻת˲֮;ѹȻʹˣҲˣôûж̬òҲûжı仯
½Ĵй, ûгմԻһºܿϳ١뵽ٵ֪ʲô, һ
ǰ, ٵĵһӦ϶ǸղžؽӶĴвµĺ֢, ѾܿԼı, ԼϳԷһ˲䣬ѾƲס鴤
Ȿúı˸˷, ض
½˵ļûвȥ٣ڰ׼ҵ˾Ե׼ҷһ, λʲôʿ
׼ôļ, ˾Щ˵ǲ, οѾʱʮ, 󲿷ֵ˶ʶ½Ĵһҧǰ׼ҵ˾ܻù, ıѾһУϵĻŸ˾Բô򵥡
ٿһۣ뵽ԼǸε˵ҧ˵ˡ˵˵飬Ȼ۾һб, С䣺ҲϷ˶Ժ÷ĸӵĵ, ʲô, ǾǰĸӱšҼǵõ½Ҳĸӷ˺ôһͨ, »ᱻǣԾʹְΪ˶ҵ죬½Ϸ˾͸һǮ
عʣ½ϷΪʲôҪ죿
ٻķһĺΪ½ϷˣҺͰദʱҶ״
ּҵüʲôֱ˵̣̣£µظʲô
ٱûĺһֱ½Ĵһ˫ۣӦöǵãƣ͹ġǰ죬岢ûгʲôԵĲʡ
˵½Ĵؿھæڹÿϻú֧Ųס
ΪæΪ̫ؼңԾڻؼҵ·϶Ȧ
½Ĵص̱λϡͽ˰Լ⣬ʱʮ֪ԼͬİһɷܻؼңԼ˵һδ
˿ĿⲻЩͬ顣׼ҷôĴһƣ½ĴȸоԼǱаһƤû
صкâ˸½Ϸˣˣ𣿡תͷٶ٣٣ʱӦڱûп״
룺ǻһ磬УȻʹһ¥˶¥鷿ϰ嵱ʱſϣ޷Ӧ½ѾŴˡһŵذϰ͵ҽԺʱϰѾѾˡ
ʣûп
һ죺æһֻۣǾñһЩ췢һ㡭
ص۵׷ôᷢ׷ϣ
ųµϢ
½Ĵȵüһҧͺ𣺡٣ں˵ʲôǲصĺô˰׼ҶĶ£֪ôӣжģ
ϾԼǰϰٵЩΡ
صҪ֪㵱֮µǶĸӣڶʮǰһճ˽̿ͻջض½ŮʿΡ
ʲôٴ󾪡Ϊ˽һ̣֮ǰʲôûж˵û뵽÷ĸӾȻ𺣣뵽ǸľƤŮˣЩꡣ
ʶأͿ½Ĵȡ
ӢϽסҡҡ׹½Ĵȣʲô˼Ҹ׵βҪĸ׶ԵǸķ֣
ּҳȵһ½ĴȺ͹ܼ˽ʲôʸף½Ĵ㣬÷ĸӵûйϵôģ
͹ܼ˽ӣߵĶʲôʸͷΪԼ绤
˵Ļ½ĴȵĵϣĺһҪȴǿĻźǵص뵽飬뵽ԷԼľأ֪档
أڷ̰ڷҪץ㣡
½Ϸˣ֪ûõġص¶֤֤ڣÿ˾룬²̽ʮǰͶʮǰ̺͸׵ֻ©ⲻ仰ܱ˵ġ
½Ĵôþ룿Ժ÷ĸԼ֣Լڰ׼һԼԶ֤ݲԼȫԭ־統ý汻ع⣬۵ѹ¾ܻܿµ鵱İӣʱµ񽫻¡
ʱ֪ѡڽֶԭظûг֤ݣǶԷôý棬ʮǰͶʮǰľԹΪ۵Ľ㡣Ѿõ淭ӿӡ
ֻҪ۵ע⣬вԼؾѾɹˡ
һȦ˻ǺǷߺޣʧӵĿ⣬½ĴȾǱһƤĶǣ¶˥̬ܺŭ˵лһ¶Զ׼ĺ⣬ֱضء
ʶľǰ׼ˡľǰ׼ҵѪֻа׼˲Żȴִִ֡
ս׼ҵʱ֪ԷﻳľǸҰ֣ǰ׼ҵĺʱ֡
뵽½Ĵİûڡ
ⳡϷҪĻ԰ѱڳˣü
½µؿ϶ԼĴ㣬ͲǶڱ˱Ůˡ
һ󡣡
ЦԸһǿ֮ĩûбҪðգʲôʡ
ĸĿԣվȻ½Ĵ֮仹ҪȻ
ؿһڿһԶֿѾվ½Ĵȵǰ壺
½Ϸˡˣʲô˵𣿡
½Ĵ䣬ʼһأ治ŮСС;ôļƣ
һЦ˵治ǰ׼ˡ׼ҵͷӲҪСԼ
½ĴȲ֪뵽ʲôЦһ׼ҵˣֻаܳƵһͷӲĸֻһֵֻ֪Ķˡô꣬Һĸף׼нӣ
غԷĸסܱ׼ֻ½ĴȻǵĸ׵Ĺס
ǵðȻҵΪֱһ˾أʹʹ˶Բ飬Ҳﲻ
½Ĵȵֱ𣬺ݺݵضأʲôף㶮ʲôһαӣ
ʲô飿
½Ĵȸ뿪ڣͻȻʲôһЦ㾹ȻҪթңʲôûֻƣ͹Ȱˡ
ۺʧ㻹ʲô˵
½Ĵȵ̬ʼɣʹְ׼Σе֤ݶ޷ȡšҲʲôûгϡòطǰ׼˵֤ݡҶԲ׼ңҲѾͷ
˭˵û֤ݣ
óһֽٵ½Ĵȵǰһӱ档Ҹ׺Ͱġ
ôܣְֲ𣿡
⻹裬˼Ҹ׵ͷֻҪԱҲû뵽һ졣
½Ĵȶر棬һƥǡ֪͵ײ˹ȥ
˴󾪣ĸǰ
رײͷྵ̨ϣһǰһƬɺ졣ͷȬ˰ֵһ㡣
ĸ˺½Ĵȣ½Ĵ˺÷飬ҪȥӢ󾪣ޱתͷ뵽ݱҪԣȻԼǰ׼ˣôҲ׼ˡ뵽Ͻ½ĴȰѱеƬؽȹ
ֳҳһţüҪذһƿҲЩʹһһһٷݣ½Ĵȣϰɣ޼˰ϧñӣ㻹ĺӣº÷ĵλնݳ
½Ĵɫ񣺡أֻܺ˵˵ûͲϣ
صвϣطǰ׼˾ǰ϶ʵ
˵ţһļ½Ĵȵǰ
½Ĵȸ˺飬˵ǺطɵӼѵ뿴𣿡
½Ĵȵһ٣һغɵشļ
˶ԣһݸӡʲôɿġصı̫أֳĬһƬֻؿ½Ĵȷһҳ
½Ĵȱֱһӳ
Σͫһһ˻ƵļУɽһļ˳ȥ
Ӣɻش򿪣ɫ䣺֧֡Ϊطɵѧף
ֳһžʶ㾭ܶγǶգˡ
ޱƺԼʲôְļ˹Ϊʲôǰ˭
ر˱ۣ³ںþõһתͷý壬۽Ƿ죺ǰĸףڰӢʵع֮ǰǰӢүү
˵һֳȻը
طɲǰĶӣǰĶӣԺطǰĵܵܣǰӢͬ
Դʹһʱת䣬һصհ׵ʱӦýһãޱýһùáϧڲǰ׼ˣûдϣʵǿϧ
ӢһѪ˳Ǵ˵ɫ̣Ťε˲ֱӡ
ʱ˿̣֪Ǹ߳Լͬ˵ʵǸԼǰ׼˲ֹϵ
ޱط·ˮޣŴײ˳̳ϣԷԼɫòȥ
Ϊֻһðݵƭӣû뵽ԷȻǰ׼ˣǻǵĳ
ֱ˼飬Ȼðޱĵĸо
ǰ׼ұһ̳ˣұֱöҪߣУ˭ܵ
ػͷѾľȻ˵½Ĵȣ¶ڴ÷Ϊķչ˭û뵽Ȼú÷С뵽ҳ󲻿͵͵ذѺ÷תƵһӲĹϵûи㡣
һû뵽Ϊ÷ǰĺӣԻģº÷ĺвͶ˽ӣΪǿɱ˰Ժ÷֡û뵽ԷˡʮҵĸӣΪԾ󻼸ɴǡȻǧû뵽ĸ׻ỳŰ׼ĹѪص˰׼ңȻһֵĶԹ
Խ˵Խɳƣһᣬ̰飬һ硣
½ĴȻڵϣ͵弸Ƿļϡû˸ղŵݣҲûղֱӷ
һĻĻԺ뵽ֹ뵽Էֱڿϳϣһû۵ļ
ⲻ֤ݣ飬Ƕ¹顣
½ĴȻţڷƵİ
ýļ֤£һС
תͷЩ
ý嶼ľĸ֣ȻָԾضһۡ
գػ³һ
ϲñʱѵҸˡ
Ҫˣô죿
ʱ䵽ˡޡأܳΪһǵ⼸顣ϵͳڼȶ򳣳ҪΥ֮٣ǿһЩΪѵԭ¡
һЦһϵͳôİ

Ҳл飬лϵͳ
֮һԭҡ
һ㶣һ͸оԾ͵̧ͷϺȻĸ̫ͬĸյëȻķš͵شۣȻֳɻң˶԰׼ҵİ˷ܣûһ˷ͷ
ʹĸҲüȫĵذעͶעϣ˿ûв̫ĲԾ
⻹ֹԶʺ˷ڹߵ¿ʼŤһֻȻ֣ͬһ˳ȥ翪ʼת·ʱҪ
˺Ȼĳƫƫֻһֻܿ׵ļž˾ëȻ
ûϵͳΪǰľĻþȻͻȻ뵽ϵͳ֮ǰ쳣ղŵĻ
ϵͳʧѾʼ˼Ƿˣ⵽ô£
˵ĸԴǲɹƵġֻŻᷢá˴ջҵ˾ܷŹ
ԡϵͳĿģΪԷֻǶǵԴ⣬û뵽ȻҲܵʼŭ㵽ʲô
ռԴ
Լҵʲôĺ
ǿȡ翪ʼʱձķաҵԱܵڼǻʧ󲿷Ժܿ޷ʹǵϵͳ
ҲҪҧϽǵ
ѾˣռһʼͲͣ
ϵͳСƺҲҪȥһˡۣ˸оԾʼעϡ
أѾøһcˡ½ǿЦ
ءü˵ʱȥb棬ѱãͲˡ
һ´ǰȥסأͷϵ˻ûд˺ȥҶ㡣
õСڡЦأҪרעҵҲ㡣⻹кܴгҪҪߣ
˶һۣʱֹסش﷭ӿӶȻ붢أĿơ
ܣɡظˣѧҵҪɣʱصѧУˡ
Ȼʦȥﻹ˵㡣üĿ䣬΢˵󣬶ջ֪׸ȥ
أһؼҰɡҰ㡣
֣ʲôɼģأʶ˼λ֪ʦֻҪϾͿʶǣ
üļףʼ໥
أҺС֪ѡ񡣡
½Ц⿪ʼѣ˵һ𳤴ڰ˵λҺһѧʱ򣬿ڼĸ߼Сɣ
ۺɻ󣺡˵ʲôҺʶʱֻꡣ
ޣСһ𳤴ôӰ꣡
˴󾪣ʶ˲Ծأ
أ⵽ô£ǵ˭
ջؿԶߣһ鷳
Ȼʱ˿̣һֱд뷨˳ȻϵͳҪȡǵôȰǵ͵ˣ
뵽һ
Ƕҵǰѡ


75 
ټľƵ᳡, ΪһٷתĹ¶˷ܵļߣΪܽӶİ׼ˣиֳľ, ͬһȺȺȹϵ, ᳡ŵҳһš
ǿάֳֻҵ˭û뵽ᱻصһ仰ƽϢ
Ƕҵǰѡ
仰С, Ӱȴˣ˲ƽһ, ֳ˶Ǳס˲ӵĹ۾ֱ㶵ؿߡ
˼ٵĺš
ʼ磬ǰĸ㶵, ƮƮظǶҵǰѣÿ˶ʵʵڵؽ˵𣿡
ԡ½¡ĸˣÿһ֮, ÿһڼΪһ޶Ȼ, ǵһκͱͬķӦ
ͫ׷ŴĿ, ΪɫЩŤΪһĲŵνӲĸ֮ӣ˵ĿͻȻ֡¡Ļʵֿۣ˷Ц
仰ֻ˲룬ȴ㡣һ˲, ڳ˵˼άͱը̻, ǿзӦҲֻܹŲСĵؿĸˡ
Ҳ仰Ķ⼸˵ĳܴ, ؿż˵ɫɫر˸飬ڴͬʱԶƲ㿪ʼӼҵطӿƺεղϵ˺ںϣûȴƺɽ𶯵
Ʋ£ɴһ̾ʵǲóԾҲǼҶϲҲ÷ˣҶһͬʡ
Χ˵һؾȻ˵ֻͶĸǰѵʵʾԾˣڸĿɿڴ
ԣɵйƵǻ׸½£Ż磬Ƕ˾ѧǰݼտ½ӰۣҽǶеĵľʥ֣޵ĸ֮ӣȫصǰѣɵرʾĸҪ
ǳԹϵˣΪеİޱҲˡ
˵ղصĻ⼸𾪣ôھŭһ˲Ժеϵͳ棬ƺӰϵͳԴ˷ʧ
ʧȴֲǰװʧһɲš
ĸĿѣŭ𣺡أ
䣬ؿԶӿƲ͵һ٣è͵ջӶצƲ㿪ʼʽ
֮ǰϵͳ͸߹ǵǶһ޶ɸġ뿹һˣôΥƵĹֹ£˵Ƕǰѵ࣬ܵսʱʼ𶯣ϵͳȡ౳ײǿ
ϵͳϼȡɣܵشȥҲҪ޸þˡ
취Ҳֻ͵ҽû뵽ĳɹˡ
һĺƽپϢƽعЩ
ڴͬʱҲ˶ߴ˸ӵһ̾
ϵͳ
ǰЦϵͳֻһݣ˵ĸ顣֪̾Ϣʧܣ̾Ϣľ޷ֱ档ϣԴйеķӦϾи飬ôദûΪûΪӶᣬ˵Ѿˡ
ۿڤڤ֮ϵͳϼջӶĴ֣Ҳڻָ̧ۣȻԭأֻɫ죬ĿƵؿ
һ٣ϵͳѾʧˣ˵⼸ܵشӦûصǵ磬ô
ԶȥĻôղ˵Ļ
أĸϵͳľ棬ΪԭѾʧȥһȻϵǼԼҵľȴûǰ㷴Ӧֻǿҧ
⵽ôһ£
һôʱܸʱһʱҲ˵塣¾ɣԺٸǽ͡
ƿߣĸ˷ӦʶҪȥüģԲһ£
ֳɧԱ߱;콻棬ñɾֻ͵Ƶ
½½صıӰѧϢһϴߣȥһĵطú¡
һ̧֣һסصһʯͶϵһϵý塣׼ҵɾɾ
ָմŵضͷϵѪšһüɴ׷ȥ
ֳҳһƬ㣬㻹ǸģһṦͲˡ
زǰߣճƵʹһԺ½µأҪˣѻ˵
ͷһ˵ģڡ
˵꣬ת棬ȴû뵽һǰһΣʲô۵סߴǻĳǼȫɤĺأ
һתͷɫĻֱֱ˹ǰĳ֮ǰ˲غϣ屻صײ֮ǰһ¡
ԭ첻ȡӣġա
ڵϵʱ򣬴խխ￴ĸ˷ܹ̾һڳ
ǰ֪ǻ仹ǻþ
Լϱӡѧݣе֮ŮҲҵ竰ࡣ
׼ҸϳȥǱضǼխСĳÿ쿿׾ӵĻױΪ
һδεʧܡһδεسԡˮȻľҲ͵ˡ
һγţ̳Ļϱ̳ϢЦһתͷͿһ
һ̯Ѫ⡣ܿƮ˳ϱӣһͱϵͳߣȻһΣԵߵӽǿ顣
޸ĸҲûѣʬͣʬ䳤ʱû졣鷢֪֮ϢŸϵҽԺ
ʱΪݺȺĸݣصʬϱӲ۵СྐྵȻΪʬˡ
ؿȣǰһתǼպϢϷͣҲ׼
ϢİӢҲֻһ£ȻԱ¾õŮصͷ֪ˡ
ʱѽ׼ңΪ׼ת˹½ĴϣѾΪʽİ׼ҷˣ˳ˮ۵˵ޱʵݣӢֵŮòٶصϢ֮ǰһŮ
ôˣӢûʲôֵ˵
ޱջߣȵĺһ𿴶ʱҪ
Ʈͷ˵ܶؿŵصתƵ׼լ½Ĵȷµ绰ɻҡϱۣøɾ𣿡
ɾˡǸ˾ֻһĶӡùǮ֤һֶ˵
½Ĵصͷ
Ǿͺáҿ㵱۲һǸϼһݣѾͷΪ©֮㡣
Ҳ̾Ҳû뵽Ϊ˾תͶӴĴʦȻĸףҪ߲ܹ˾ҲŵıֻǼѣ˾Ҳˣû뵽Ϸôķˡ½ĴɫãʱҲ̫ŲҲܲصĹϵ֪ھӾȻǡ÷ĸӡ
½Ĵߣ겻ɢ
Ǵ޾Ůط÷Ҳص϶⡣һȥͻİ׼ҵĺ
½Ĵ͵ۣǧû뵽ӢϳȥŮȻǰŮɵÿԱߵȫҸ
ƬһۣϷ˱ˡնݳô԰׼ҵĹ׹ˣ׼һѧĺûʲô
½Ĵȱ۵ͷޱޱĶͿ쵽ˣӢú׼׼ŮȻ۶࣬׶Թ˾ãһֻ۱һֻҲˡ
ͷǡ
صȻؿţԭϱġ֮½ĴȷݣȻϾɱⱲӶ֪һŮѾ˰ɡ
֪ǷΪ̫࣬ϱôҵĽ֣û̫ķŭֻǾŪˡ
ǰ׺ɣʱһѾʮ󡣳ϵǣΪûԼ׼˻úܺãû뵽ǵĽֺòһ
ʮ֮󣬰ޱͳ̳Ѿ˺ӣǵĸ鲢˵ôãޱΪ̳ĻĶϴ档һҲٺŮһʹٴҲֲӢĻġ
ʮȥӢëַˣʼ顣ڵСĸӢһһӣޱĵλʼ᧿Σ
ĵȨ֮ǰ½ĴȾѾӰϹ˾ƿصλһĵɿ𣬰ӢģΪкĮĸӡ
½Ĵȱз磬һûҽܿ御
׼Т֮ʱ˭û뵽һĬĶŹܼͻȻƿģĲҽһڵ֪
Ӣʶ˶һѣĶͷڴʯϣ۶ѪŰӢ̧֣Ӣʵġġ
İְ֡仰û˵ڡ
Ӣߵ飬׼Ҽû˰׼ҵıӻ̳ӿޱڸؼҡޱϴ棬½Ĵȵ·ֻû½Ĵȵļƣ͵ʱץűϳ˳̼ҡ
׼˶㣬ΪԿҵ׿عȴû뵽ͱּѹһգӢûи²ƲҲծֻÿŸõľȼüѹ
ؿúЦԭԼҲòáĻôϱҲĿˡΣڿת
޲عһܻ֮࣬ڿ͸Ⱥ飬ԳҵļҵȻʱѱҲʳ٣Ŭ
㿿Ŵգĸ׵Ľ¼޸һʵˣȻûиصľĶǣҲǡ
ؿֿʶˡ
ֱǰһ׹⣬ϸܵıӿԺȻ󽥽ʧ
ԺǶᵽһѪζȴϵġ
һ̧ۣԺؿһŹӰֱ˽סأֻʣҺˡ
أ


76 
һ, Ϳ½Լ֣΢΢šü
Էһ˲ͷˡ
ǿûиоκεĲʣҡǵøղһײ˹ôû£ŶԷǵ, ʣôˣ
̲סԲһԷΪײĴϷ
½·, ƽǡղšѾˡûؾ, Ͳ䣺, ֻǻ졣
ӣŷԭƹ谵, ΢΢Ϊڼеĳϣڳǵ·ϡ
˵Щ, ڲԼˡ
ظое㲻Ծǵܴ, Ҳ, ʹҲܻˡ
ΪʲôڳǵĳϣԵڵ׷ʲô
½Ϊʲôˣ
ϸ۲, һСͳ, ǰ滹һ˾, ݳľɫʾǿҪaˡ˾Ǹİ, ء
½ڣг׷һۺӾٲ䣺ֹһ
֪½µıһƽȣǰҵ·ת, ·ڶƵʱҪֱУֱӽС·
˾һţ˽⡣
ʣ˭׷
½µ, ǹһζЦ
˲ضʱ, Ұһҧ, Ǽ˻˭
Ȼ׷ݽ, ô½ϵ˵ԴҲͲѲˡ
ʱ½šü˳ᢣ΢΢࣬ȻǸеۣĪظеЩЦ
ϵͳڵĻҪЦûˡ
뵽ϵͳȥȻԷ֮ǰЩһΣô飬ȻǸòӦ
½ܹϽڣǿϵͳĻԵĿƾ̶̼仰ͳɹ˦׷ĳӣ˾Ҳһ½ڣа취
½йž޲Χľɫ˼žС·½ۿô⣬ʱһˡ
һ٣½˾ǰ֮ĵ򿪣ֵ֪ó˵ҡЩҲٸʵס⣬ֻҪشǻǾͿˡ
һ¶ͷЦһתѵĲ˲ðɡ
½µѾ壬ˡ˵֣Ȼޱ飬лްõػԵڼ䣬˵İӿ
ðɣʲôһӱҲûʲô˼
ǲҺͲһʱյˣ
⣺ˣ
Ǿˡ½ü΢뵽һز̫֣½µ̶Էڲ뵽ѾǺˡ
еĲԾһֱûкʱմϵһԭһ̫ףǹأΪܸһ͡ڿ̫棬ûĵŮˡ
֮ǰҲܣԲ̽ԷĵϸȴһжǱһʲô鲻ڵҲҼĺغϣʹ㻻һݣڡء˵ĵεȴܱαװԣҾͲǲʱշغϡ
صǣµû
൱ڳϵĻ½ĹĶʹѧѧ꣬Ҳǵһ¡תһ룬Ѿһϵͳϻʲô鲻ᷢأ
ڶ⡭Ϊʲôͬʱ˽ǵǰŮѵǲ㣿
غֱӵسϣҡתͷȥûͬʱǼȺġֻû뵽ʱںϡǼҵ
½׹һĶرܡƵΪʲôΪԷڷ⼸µ׷ߣ鷳ŴζԭôźһֱΪҪӦǰѣĸ
뵽ԼôΪԷеûڣʹطҲǽСģ˱᧿ΣĹϵӴ龫ǵ취ģʾ֭ҪضԷȻڼ䲻ںĸǰ֮䡣
ʹȻ½£ʱҲͬھ٣ѳŰñΡ
⡣ҧ⼸㵽ϲ˭
ӣҲ˵𣬵Ȼġ
δ䣬ͻȻһΣž޴ĺͷϷ˳
˾Щȣ½ڣû·ˡ
ȻǰС·ȴңң޾ͷ˵·Ϊ·ߡ
½´򿪴ķӿ˽Ҫ̽ͷȥȴ˻ȥ½˾ͣȻ³š
ǰһֱɻڿϷ̳ɢһӰڷɻϣͶ±Ŀ⡣
αװ½µһ¶һִĿ΢Цԣõǿ졣


77 
ԵĴڷе, ⺮绹Ҫ䣺
ؽ
½üںи
û˵Ūϳƨֻһ̧֣һȺ˾ͽΧ˾ѽµ, ؽ㶼ǰΧ, ܵ÷·ץһŮˣ·ڰΧʲôʮġ
ǺЦ֮ǰҰ˵½, û뵽ԼĻһ졣
ǰȻ, ҲͼȦСǲ岻ôĿŵǵһΡ
ϵͳڵĻ϶ֲ´Ȱȥ, ڵĻ, ϶վһߣȰСΪϻȶ㡣
, Ҫѡһߣ
ʱ˿, ⽣ŵ, һֻڳϡ
Σ˾, ͵ۿ˾

ǰ, ˵ĶѾﵽȻ½µһˣڿסɫƽҿסô, ʱûг, Ѿѡ񡣡
ֱɻڿյ, Եסء
½һЦôáôǾʹûг, Ҵ
ۣøĹҺĸ鲻仰ܻƵġ
½µôܿ϶Ķأ
仰Ҳסԣ˵ô㻹
½ɫ΢䣺ǰֲֹһ
䣬ֻĳŴһɫһ䣬½ҲضųšǸװģû˾Ĳ޷򿪡
ѵҪˣ
۵һ˿΢Цǰһ־Ͱڳϡֻһ룬ͱֱһ͵صϥڵϡ
ڴʧɫæ½ܵߡ
԰ʾް½Ŀ䣺治ǻֿȵĽڣɵ
½¾˼ðأƭǣɹشߡ
½һЦԸܣͱҪ÷ǳֶΡ
˵ţóԿһʻĳŶʱ򿪣ȻӭĲҳϵĲһʧȥʶ
½һûüŪͺ˾һ𡣶һسһתԶʻȥ
ͷתͿ˾Ѿʧȥʶ˾ĲѾ࣬ɴַѲ뵽һˣ
µ˻һۣζûлعֱԶȥذڶһָŷӦ
أ
ظѲã廹ڷӵܲ֡˦˵ֱײسaСΣյĵطȫĵطһ޼ʵĽʻ൱ӥ۵׷һֻŲôɵ
̴ֻþȴ̫͹Եִšһᣬͷֱɻйߵһ·̡ת˺üֶԷûдֻͣһֻƨһûзɷӲ͡
ֻͣڿտĹ㳡ֱɻڲԶͣ£һ·ɻߵǰ
ȫڷɻǴֻۣ˫۾ɺڳ
ص㻹ǲƺĲ
û˵ֱ֮ͥӰᱧ߻طɻ
ɻ𣬹㳡Χ۵˱ϡеҽؼ壬Ȼӵһ绰
绰½µͻȥ
Եûصĵط
½һЦֻû˿ϲõζΪ߾´ĸͲ
ֻھ͹ˡ
Ҷϵ绰ذסҽ֣ô½µĵ绰
Ե֮ǰһ²ϵĺϵҲû뵽ǰŮѡ
뵽ǰôġ˲䣬ز¡
ΪԻû뵽Դ˷ɻǱһһֶ˵
ءһܶ£ҲֻñսͱĿ
ֱٶȿɱȳӿˡһСʱһؼİϤĳУbС
bеĲصȻϤ֮ҲܻϳԼҵı֪֮ԴصǸȥĵط
򿪱һ˲䣬ƹ𣬱װ޾£͸¶ű䡣һֻëɫҵСͻȻ˳ǳԽȻصĽűȥ
ذСͱԸЬ׶ȻޱȣëëĶӣ
ǡԴɳҸڴ԰Ȯġ
ʲô֣
û˵
ʧЦᵽڶûиְɡ
ͽй˵ţӹСԼȥʳҰëëߺ󣬲ŷСֻСӳûмĸסϴһҴ壬Ҫֻ԰ȮûȴҴͳΪһӵͼʧˡ
ܰպܿʧ̸֪ˡüĵʱںϵòȫ档ʱصbug
˵꣬ûԵϿ⡣
֪һ̩ɽѹ治ɫʹǿʱصֻɵʱüͷһɡѵ˵
֪ˣ
ǡԳϣ½ڳ˵еĻҶˡ
ʶҪ
ԵҲϷֶµ豸Ծ׼ȡڷɻǳ豸ԭϻǳ½֮֡
ؿЦã˵֪˭˭
Ժܿϵı飺ҪҰһԱȡĻ뱰һϣҶ½硣ڲΪǣѾԷˣϣ½ڵĴǿ԰ƶ¸
أ
ءüģʲô֪ˣҪʲô
Զ˶٣֪ĸ˶һɺ𣿡
һ٣µĳһǡ̧ͷʹٺƤｨ裬⼸˵ĸƭҲİһжһƻһʱյļƻ
Կ䣺ÿ˵һӣҾͶеʯӡʯӻóӲǻὦˣƻҪ۲Ŀꡣ
˵ţЦһұΪֻһͶĶʯȴû뵽һʯӲƫ˱򣬺ҵںϡ
ԳĬ˺ܾãֱСĽ´ڣһжֻǼƻమֻǱ룿
صͷ
ذסĲӣ˵ľ͵ԣأ鶼Ǽٵ
ȻҲǼƻһ֡ضĿ㶼˵Ǽƻƻôģʲô
˸˺ȴͬҵϲ
Σֱ𣬻طſأֺһҵϣɹҡȻȴԼ·ΪһҵߣÿһۣԵľǲǵͬһĽǮûи顢ûвҴĻ
ĲںڰС·ҲܵʣÿҹҶ뵽㡣뵽ֵľ־档ֱaкطꡣΪĶͣԶһ©ӶΪܴõĻش𡣡
ڼžһ˲ɤ˵һ仰һжҵԸΪǿԻصȥΪ᲻ҵһûаҵǰ£֪ҵĳͷˡ
˵꣬¥ݡƵĵһϨʧ˺ڰ
صͷֻһСƣСЩ̱ɳϡ
Ƭ̣СģȻң
⣺㻹ῴӣ
С
ɱˡֻҵֻʳ
˵꣬Ȼ뵽µǶӣһºܿѹ£С˵ӡ
ɣӰϢʱɱıûӳѾýĿ⡣;дĵ˱
Ŵеľµ͵سĻϣⲿӰĸ룬شרעҵ˸С
οŮĸ飬ע׷עı硣ȻһתҺҵŮѾͲ
һαԼŮѣڳ߾ȳһЦžͷһһ٣أİɡһҵ
δ䣬Ļžһɺ
תͷʲô
ңת¥ߡ
طۡ
Ųһ٣¹ͬ׵ѩɽأĻ˲ҡǰΪҵ͸ԷֵʵҲܡҲţƻ͸Ҳͬˡ
˵ţٶ¥
¥ݵƹ⻺Ǹָͨͷơ
ؿЦãЦ֪ʱ˻Լ֪Ƣƭʲô
ڱ⼸죬ܻ߱һʵʵʵ¶˩ڿϡΪԼôԵһӵʱһʵʵ˳
ȥĶ
˾ˣȥѡ
һѾܾöûпˡԴ뿪ϼҳ֮ûкѼ档
֪ԼĵƨϣҲһЦ⡣
Ϊ˲ʣµ˵鵽ҲΪ˵͵ʮܣܿ棬濴棬˭֪۵ĳŻ׸ԼѰ׼ҽȷѪء
ȺƵʱؿһǺ«С꣬ԶԶȥ˸ˮɵǺ«
˾ֺţǺ«ŮѺϲԡ
ԵҸطͣ¡
صҿû˵ԡ
Իͷĵ΢ԵǺ«ҵǮġ
ƫߣ˾صؿһ
ȥȥڳ￴Ǯİ˸Ǻ«񻹾𡣵תͻȻ߲֪ʲôʱۼ˴ŮǶɴ۾óֻӿ
ܣ
ԣǲԣ
ҿҿԾȻǺ«
ֵܴģһֵ˶˹Դ粽Сü´绰ȴֻ֪ʲôʱߣûֻ߽ضԶĳû˽ӽһ
ֻ˲䣬ǰȵò񻰵˲ʲôɫһ䡣
ֵÿԡܡֻǵ±Ǻ«ˣǵ˾磬鷳ѳǱߣһ¡
£ûж
šһüһ̧۾Ӿ˾˫һԡ
㻹
һؿ˾ñӣ¼ٷһĨһžµЩ¶˳һЦôԼǰѶϲˣ
ʧô㣿
գգۣҸߺܾˣһֱûϳҡ
Ŀ˸ʲôʱǱԵߵģ죿ǰ죿
һһҡͷָͷ˻Σ½ºʱҾˡǸʱ˱ڣҴ½ºüȭ
أ
治Ӱۡ
½㲻õģѾѺ½µˡ˻ֻҷһ΢ڿ²ֹһֵˣ⸽ʮֵ˿¶Ħˡ
ذԿܻѪ
һЦˣû˰۵ļһҺĺʱ⡣
Ҫȥ
⡣
һ·۵糸ز㱻£ɫѵࣺ˺սֻסһᣬһǿ󣬿⳵ļ֮ڡ
˵ţѾԶԶֱɻĺˡ㵽СȻٱװ˻˼оյص˻
ƺ׼ŵȴ˸֤ϣ̤˷ɻúԶƺܿԵĳӲʵΧ£ڻΧ
һһѲļһ
رڵùǺǼҪҡ
šüСûĵģǶΪ˭㲻֪𣿡
Ǵӻͳݸءؽӹ⣺ҵֻ
֪ѣһֱִš
ؿһۣͷֻ֪ҷ𣿡
֪ǰúܺá
صͷлл
³һ˵Щʲô
ط֣ͬѧ¼˽ʣµ˵ֻȫʧ΢Ҳһ˽һۣû˵ʲôֻ
Եôʱ䣬ʲôӦ͵õ˰ɣְҴʲô
ҡͷ̫ǿ޷ңЩ׿˵
صͬĻѾ˵ˣ֪
ڡ
һ
˵ķɻأһ·ɻᵽ˺ʪ
ﲻΪķУһ
ֻһ˵ĵطǼ˲ܻҵ
šüѵҪҶһӣ
ЦȻᣬҽǼˣͻ
ô㻹ɱ˲ɡ
ԱߵľݣͲùˡ
Ρ
´ֻѴһ绰ȴֹһֻԺܻܿ鵽
أû뵽һҲܹϡ
šһüû˵ʲô
绰ѵľܺãֻʲôʱ̾˵ˣͷɡȻ˵绰ﻹĺµԱߣһԶĽѵ绰ˡ
ֻʣ˵ʱΪԷ½ºһû뵽ԷȫϷĲԾһֻܺһʱ䡣
ɳ̲ϣ΢ĺˮظϽģǳۣܲͻȻ
ҵϵͳҲһƬǺ


78 
͵һ, ܲŶԷȻѡϵͳܾôֱ׵˵ˡ
ƺûиܵĳԾֻǱۼ˵Ƕҵռ䡣ÿϷƿҾͻ, һβΣβΡβΡ
ۣǳɫͫƺǹ⣺, Լȴһһ١ֱҺط, ŸоĻ˹
תͷ, ϵͳľ棺, ҲŷǰףôΪҵ㡣Ҳϵͳľ, ϵؽӽ㡣
ض˶٣ΪʲôҪ
µ֮仹ʲôģЦ
սɳӣʵ㲻˵Ҳ֪ϵͳĹȥ, ֻδ, ʲô֪
һͣĿƵؿ
ɳӴָصҲź⼸ӦҲһ, ҽӽǶΪһıҲһϵͳ˽Ĵ㵣Ц˵Էҽӽ, ܵشǵȻ۲ʱյҲš
أ
ʲôһ㶡
أִֵؿܲԵ޹ʵΪ˴򹤰ɡ
ض˶٣һԼ
ͫ׾, Զ˷ڣϮ, ֻƬɳ̲׵ÿ¡
ǰ, ס, գգۣҸ㲻Ϊȡͬ飬ҪࡣƿԷ̫ͬͬˡ
ҡͷƻ㻻һĻҿԽܡ
ЦνӲܡһһôѡΪ֮ҷ֣һôûз֣ôҵûɡʹпǷҲӲڡ
һֱ治ʶء
˵ţ˶٣ƭһΣ˦һΣǳƽˡ
ؿЦã㣿
ûһжǼƻҶûи𣿡
ɫʼˣüأƺ˵ʲôص
ҽӽΪֻĿ꣬ҵȻḶ顣
ĺˮ˵Ľŵףʪ۵Ҳһ㻺ᡣ
ΣʧЦһͲµô˵
ȴ޷
صݼڼµĥѾ¯࣬޷жĻǼ١½ʵԷĻΪĸʺܸߡһӰۣ֪ΰݺһɫҲ׸γɫ
ҪǳصĻǼٵģضйģôͲòضĸ˵ĸҲġ
صĻģôôĵǻںֶΪһЦ
أۿ죺ǰԵһֱںĹȥ㲻ǲ⣬Ǵûи飬ôģ
ƫͷ˵
ˮûµĽףϯȫͻأЦϵͳǾҲҪٽӽ㣬ڲ֪仰塣
תͷʱ˿̣ҶôΪҵ˵ֻҡ
غӣζԷ͵תŰһ۽ǡ
ǲǱĺأ㶼ɹˣҽܵ˳ͷ
˵ţ޳һܿʧں̲ϡ
ؿıӰסͷһû뵽⼸ˣû˵ľȻǽʵҲ⣬ϾǺһ𳤴ģ˽ûиܺôãҲֻǿŲǼ˵ĳҵİˡ
Ϊ̫ʧȥǣʧȥжϣҲġ
Էĵ״̬Ļܻȥžˡ
ֻǵײ⼸˴̫á뵽ڻԵʱһȴĸװϸܵĻɫ˱䡣
ͻȻǰһϮ͵ץ
һǲġµسǰϸϸؿüۣҲҺĹȥûһ㴥Ϸע飬ǻϷ𣿡
һ
ǼٵôҧҾƫҪģ
⻰˵صͫײɵ÷Ŵ
ΣһЦ
ֻǸһ𣬾ͻȻɢǰؽסˡ
֮⣬תһ֮СֻΣԶҲôҹģ
˲˽󾱵֣ʦַҲӺĺѾˡѽصĻﳶ
ֻ֮ǰҾѾֻϰ˶λ
أ
ֻҲҲǡ
ö죬ҵˡ
ƽȴӵίԼ˼
ǰʾң˼Ҳ緽һ
ֻʾ㵽ΪֹΪ˻һִ֡
ر֣Ž嵹ɳ̲ϣģҪȥĶ
ûʣֻΡ
һ٣ȴûлͷһ֪Ҫ뿪
ΪԷȥһңȴû뵽صCСϤľɫ΢㶣Ҫȥѣ
֪ˡ
ô֪ס
Ե⼸죬Ҹ֪Ķ֪ˡ
ֱͣҸǼִšȻѾֺ֪࣬αضҲ֣
һ£ǼҺɣΪʤ𣿱п޵ĶҲϡƷ
ֻһ̶죬ͻȻͣ³
ս֣ͷʲô
³ޣǡ
ʲô
ΪʤתͷҲôĵ顣
³һҺͽ˵ĻѾˣҲΪĪеĸ˷ʱϡ
ս˷̣ڶ˵ѡ
ľ˵ѣеһжıǻѻҴûиǻѻ
ֱ촽
صԸһֱѸ㡱֪ģԷôиԣҲԹһԱĺӳΪ˶ҽ
ֻǰһʱִԸԵȤ˴šĵԵʱ֪ԷƢԻ׼¡
ĸ飬ǰһжôͬҲҪ˵ĸҲ٣÷ѡĿڵǷҶǶʹĲ˵
ִԸÿƿԣǵǼٵģҵġ
أ"
ôˣԸʱû취
˽ڣһžͿ̫̫ڿϼ¡ԷƬһؾ֪ĸ׵Ƭ
ԺΪ׼ҵ̨ĸ׵Ķ١
̫̫һӣ뿴ŮƬһ滹Ҫӱ˵ļûò˵ᡣ
غۿһ䣺ѡ
޾̧ۣصһ˲ǻزͶ˶û˵
ֽһѣһˡ
޾ŷӦӿϵأôͻȻͻˣҲѴ绰
ֱ׶ֲִڵĻذĵĽѹ£գգۣͻȻһϲûü֪ͨ
Ѹ֣ȻͷС
ѣʲôʱʶģ
ʱ⺢Ǽң˵ǵѡԭ⼸˰ĻԼʧ£ǳ˹̫̫ġ
ѵ鶼˰ɣ
ؿĬķһۣЦһû̫꣬ˡ
̾һͰ׼ҵСѾˣȻְǰ׼ҵˣôھͻذ׼Ұɡ
صˣⱲע
㶵ؿһۣû˵ʲô
ذƬóһҪĸ׵ķǨڰְֵԱߣһҲܳˡ
εƬϣĨĨ۾ҵһʱͿһڶð
ظĨ᣺ⲻ㡣û½ĴȣͲı硣ûҲܵĸҲôҲͲȥʹȻΪѾˡ
̫̫˵ͷ
ϣԹ˷ȥһˡaз飬¶ֻ֪ƺ˺ôķˡ
˼򵥣ԺŶԹôȤڰ׼ҵ׽˶ٻˮҽʲôˡ
ļüŪӶֻʱú׼ܿ鷳Ͷ
һ㶣ӣ㲻鷳ǻŰ
ȻÿüΪ˹˵⣬Ҳв𣿡
㣺˵鷳Ϊˣ
أ
ȥ·ϣ˸㿴ʵһֱ˼ҵϣʹһʼɫҲֻǹ˼Ҷƭ㲻Ҳ˵ôߣ
˶٣ֻǵãҵҵҵҽΪʼ
ԭʱߣֻϵͳȻҽȤزϵش߳ҽȤҽѧ֮·ߵø˳ҲߵøӵԶ
ϵͳҲռϷ硣ΪʹٹƧҲ֪һûа׳Եͣϵͳܸ֪ʶԼԴջͬȵĻر
ֻΪƭҵĸĻɲЩ顣
ػ˵ֵһĶƭƭһӡ
죬ֻõǶûôҴˣ
ã֣ԶͻȻͻأ졣˻ͷһ̽յԶԶش˹ͬʱĳҲԶ
ͫ΢΢һ
֪Ѿˡ
ԣֱصأ
½ºͽȺأ
صǰֱ͡
ܲէ𡣴ʱ˿̣ĸ֮һξһ
Եأϴߡһжڣ¿ʼ
ء½µɫҹɫĲ԰ף֪ȷѡ񡣼ʹһƻҺĸ鲻ܻƭˣʹٷҲϲమʵ
أĿƵؿʱǻصߡҴ뿪뿪⼸ƨ棬صǵС𣿡
סص֣ߡһҲˡ
ػؿĸˣʱ˵ڲѣΣ˾һ
˭ѡǼҹ


79 
һһ, ĸ
ҹɫ£ص۾ޱȾޱػĸˣΪӮ˶ԷӮսƷ𣿡
, ǡĻδ䣬ͱشϣȻǲôģôġ
üĿһʶ˵ʲôؼ۾ֱ͡
½ժ۾̧, ۵ƺлްۼ
ʶɿصֱۡ
ΪҪ, ԸеǷԶǵҲûзϡȻҪôǿҾ͸ɴϡһó̬ȣ֮Բ˵ԭ˦ңΪϵͳĹϵ, ΪҵĶ˸顣
ûȼ˸ˣͶӵһЦ˻ġϲ, ϲҲġ
ɫһ, ҧôܣ
½еĻްƺҪҹɫ˳, ¶üĿ΢΢Цأ͸֪
ƿһǻӿ˵ʱȴ˵
, ۵ǾԼ̫, ʹظһ⣬Ҳ֧ôĳ
Ǽ, ˵֮ļ, ˵ܱ󡣡һʼ磺Ҹ޷ѡ, ֻ˵ΪʲôҪѡ񣿡
򼸸ˣʳֱģѾ֮ǰǸݰأҲһǴءѧ˺֪ܶʶʶ˸ѣҵδ޿ܣҲٻصȥǾһ𡣡
˵ţ΢΢˺һ
˿ȥ⣬ɫ䣺أ
˱ΪԱһѡ񣬵ȴû뵽ȴһѡ
Լķشļ˿ʼĻˣԾ˫ۡ
ҳǶ֮ӣڵҲҪЩõĶǮ顢ҿһСʹǮвšΣǺһϵûС
Եи顭
ҡͷģɵĸȥǣҵĽŲ룬ʲôδ
ԼһЦ˵˽ңֺγ˽ǣڿ˵ҺǵĸģֲϳҺ˵ĸġôִţҲнϾ뷨
ͫ׷Ŵ󣬸뷴ؾҡҡͷûж֤֮ǰֻô롣
ֱ촽ɫƺܺҹɫΪһ塣
ĸ̫غȱµذοҲ̫ģϾÿθҶģûȡ
ֱתҸһµʱ䣬һ֮ҪҪҪһ𡣵ʱҸߡ֮ǰҪҪҪʧȥһУϵͳԴҪǣԸ񣬻Ķ飬ҲҲΪ˭ͣʱǵѡʲôҶܡ
仰˵Ҫһ𲻽ʧȥһУпܻˮһգһûɵӻѡ
ӰʧںڰҲþõûж
Ҫصѧѧҵֵżʡһ⣬ֻⲻҪȱʧĿγ̡
ԴӴӰ׼뿪һζûлع׼ңһλȥܵ͵һѰ׼ҵķǶͱˣʹĸ˰ƨҲз
λصaУвڶĶ
رڰޱͳ̳Ķ˵Ƿ߰׼ҵһǮҪôӴİ׼ҵĲƲ˭
²ģĵʵǰ׼ҵķּҡ׼ҵʲڰӢǰ׼ˣȻܸ½ĴѾ˼֧ܽ䣬Ψһİ׼ˣȻҪôּҵ˸˭
ԣվڰ׼Ҵʱ򣬿Ŷİ׼ҷּҵ˺⣬˵棬ͳһֽȻ¶һ΢Ц
ллλ岮ùĹģΪŵԣҲΪ˸ο׼ȱ֮飬ѾеĲƲȥˡ
׼ɵۡ
߳Ҳûлع񣬰δڱ£Źȴŭ𣺡أܼŮ
ǰֲءĲţ˭ЩּҵΪŰۿ½ĴȰռ׼ô꣬׵ʱЩ˵һӦǱôϷֲƲôԸ
ͷôǮĲҪˣ
Ͻӭȥ
صȱǮ𣿡
һֱ֪ϲǮˣû뵽㾹ȻǮһ졣
صĶͷһ¡
һ±ӣҲЦ׼ҵ˰ϳȥû뵽ǾȻɱ֣ûһŰ׼ҵѪǰ׼ĺ
ԴӰͺ÷ط˵֮½ĴȺͶؽе飬ӢҲ׼ҷ֧˳ȥ
ӢĸŮĹǣһĸŮȻҲøšû˰׼һޱͳ̳ĻԼȻϡһÿԵ
һʼðӢ˽ǮգǰӢݳ޹ˣǵǮܿͱӻһաСıⲻֻܻ¥¥סֻ˳ݣÿűľսӡ
ӢͶ·̵ˣô̵ʵҲ֪ʲôܿ͹˴
Ӣ˲ԣǰĵ£Ũⲻڣʼȭ
ޱÿϴ棬̳ҵຣÿ绰̳ӡ
Թ̳飬ȴ֪̼ΪܵƲͷö
˵׼ҵ£һ֪ôǼͷôãǰϳ
һЦ׼ҵĸʲôãҵûбϳڿ»ǸԵĲݰɡ
סֱۣͷŲǣġ
ؿȻϱСԼյʬʱƽ̾ô˵ʵһлл㡭
ʲô
תƻ⣺˵ˣأְѧϰô
ԡһ˵˾ͷۣûжٲͷȻѣһ⡣ְ˵Ժѹ˾ңԷһġҲ֪һʲôʱܷ
Ⱥأõʡ
ȺһѣͰ˦ˣµѡ
Сӻͦѽʲô
ʶ⡣
˭
껡
أ
Ǹ½µԵܣѧԣԴҲ벻ͨ˵ôһġ
˵ˣͷô
ңƽһרҵ
֪ʲôƲƲ졣
һЦû˵
˵ʼˣΪǼ仰ʼԱգҲʲôС
زںֶԸ˾ǿĵǼôߡ
һרעҵʲôģǽһºԼ˵ɡ
֮󣬸ռɵĵӰʱɱϾ˵Ӱڣн
Ҳ֪˭͸¶Ŀڷ磬һͼƬĵƬβְԱϣװһȻдšء֡
ȻҲԲǾ棬ǺĴԼϵһɾѰζˡ
Ϣͨģֲƣ˵˵ʦƷװôȥģ
ѵΪ˽Ȧߵĺţ
ֲ´ѿʼиֲ룬˲˳
û=lu𣿡
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һʯǧˣΪֹ˷ܣĸ˵Ĵټٵػһ΢ϹһһҹȻʼնûκεĶۡ
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