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˵еĳ浲ƼؿշСҶﱻĳ˱ڻϸĺţ̲ס쳤̾һ£̫ˡ

Ͷιָϣ裬ֻŮһʳãԻύ

Ԥġճղأ

Ϊ󳤹ļŮεĹ˰һС΢ȴԴƣպ޶աǰźûлĬĬػĳ˵һԲ

һ׬ǮȤŰ˳㣬ֲճ

ܸոϰɣ˰Ѿֱ׳ѰʦҸ˴ӱ

ܸոϰ䣬˰ѾѰҸҪ󽫾ˣѰ֮ܽ

ÿһ춼ǹ˰Ÿĺӣֱһ죬˳ķ

˰˱ƹ·ϵһСʯӣ̲סߺƫƫĳ˱ǽ׷ʣôûпһΪ򣿡

==================

1

ҹɫˮ˪
ӳɽɽµһũУ˯ŮͻȻ˯оѣ鲻Խӵϵıӡ
ˣɽбӵǸξǰξֹڴ󵶿һ̣һ˲һĺôĺ˺Ȼأ̤һѪ֡
εƺ԰ָϱ¶ȣȻģ,ȴ֪ÿĹݡϧָģӵҲģ˶Ʊѩ۶ɡľˣλʱȴη塣
ŮԼ»͵͵Ŀû˹ȥļ䣬֪ԼǷмˣҲǲؼҵ·ҹ·ֻصûб尢ؼ֮ǰӣֻޱߵĹ¶ͻ̿֡
˲֪ã˵ŮԺٴ˯˹ȥȵѹʱǰǸ˵ЦϲСˡ
ͬҹ鷿Уֻ̩ۣһС̫źˮ
̫ܹһϻ߽С̫֪Ĺ˳ȥ
̩˱ʣ̧ȥ鶼źˣ
æӦǣȹĽеϻӷϣ£ǰոո͵ģѾǷź͹СʱĻŵҶ˷УֻҪԼǰͤԻﳤĸҶ˼ҶӦһ۾ϳ
̩۲ĵֶ˼䣬Žϻźͻȡһһ飬òŵЦһ̾ҹҹǲѣ԰ߣǸСί˶ˡСûĵģӵǹζģѧˡ
ϣչĻϣĶͬһɫɴŮһŮŽţڴӣһŮС׷ɽܵĻ档
һЦʵ۰ʮӶ޲ðѹﵱ׹Ůˣǡ
̩ƮƮһۣܹľսı죬͵͵Լһơ󸣰󸣣ô˱һ̳ӵأһ죬ˣʮǵ㹦Ѿ¿ûˡ
̩۵ָĸŮգԸʮߴǸôźôź򲻿Ϊݣί˹УҶฮҲˣʲôϱٲһ飬û©ģ뵽ʲô
󸣽̴ʮ־񣬳ȥˡ
鷿ڣֻ̩һˣڸ߸ߵϣҵĹ¼ţ»˼ˣƷζŻں޽˼ζ
Ȼҹû˯ãλľˡͺͰԼˣջҪһɽȥ档
ģĿһСӣŰ֣ڸߴɽȥ
һ˳ź磬·ȴ˺ܶĴˣһкĺܡβԼʱʹɴǧﱼ˾ǣﰲɲΪòǻˡ
ڼǰڱɽԻ˵ӳɽֱԼҵĺԺӣЩɽҰѼ׽ֱҪ̫˳֣ζżջһΣض顣
Ϊ͹е࣬Ӿһ·ɽò·һͤʱιȥЪţҺ㰢һ۵ĵطѶڳܲЩǣǻܶ׬ͭ塣
·һͨסĴӣһͨǱׯۼƬɽ·ֺߣʱεĺʱڣеĹ˶нȥׯСסģ·ϵĳĶࡣҪϲҰζĹˣ߾Ͳ÷Ľȥˡ
һ˴˹ʶǸͤķߡۼ쵽طˣȴ˱ʡ
һȺ˴Ӻҷ򸾸ϽŰȥΪ׵Ľ¹ѾȴͻȻסתͷߵıָָֻǻģ
߼⣬ϽǰعӵĻǻģСĸոɽϷֵģǰûмôƯƷֺ֣ÿֻ飬СһҺôľ׽ġ
¹ʹһɫӶ˶ӵߵıСӳһ˦ɵĽֻĽ˿ںë׽С
лִŮ˼ڳе˼
ǽ¹ȴˣĿⶢŰԼŮζЦһƾľǧһ۾ͿԶ϶ǴɴŮضɫģȴ˫峺ˮȾһ˿˫
εЩѡߵ·ҲЩˣ˰·֮㰲ĵĶ󣬳ûЪ
ǸԻѹʱЦ̫߼·ҲҪޱӡʱǻ᲻Ծĺ硱ȴƴҲ벻ȥʲôӡ
磬ۡ磬Ҫ磬κ¡磬
ÿһѿڶ󣬷Ҳ˻Ӧһ
һȥˣͲǸԼ˹ȥֻ֪µĿޱӵСˣԼɽɽˡ֪ģǸ޴ڵġ硱֪ˣ᲻Ŀ࿴ҹеǸ꣬᲻εĸأ
¹ļãЦſڵͻȻҪˡС㿪۰ɡ
һ£ڨЦǷȤСŮֱɣĸ˵ۣ͵СТģͰ˸˴һʶ
ļһȺӸ̺Цһλ¹ӡġѵ⺺ӣҲ̫׾˰ɣλǸϵĴүδĹүŮǿ޵õĸ֣ɵôƣϽСժǰµɴǰټ񣿡
δӸղűἰʱ̾һͽôǲӬһߵĶϣװµӽͷĸһЩСֽɴڵɿ϶˼£ջС
ļӸ£һо۵ףֻ¸ŨһЩԥĶŪˣռŻؾٵ󹦷ˣ߰ɡ
̵ͷĵлȻĸŮǳĥʲôߣ˹ǵ·䣬ѾԼҰֳ˳ȥܵķȴͨԼҴӵ·ڣԭҪȥͤ
ʱϮ˰䡣߷̱ɫҪǰȴԼеСﲻźۼĳǰ˰֡
ļų޽СһѾͳɴĹӸķһֽС
ԭŮþǵϣȻĳһѺںĴӣŻζ
ˣݶÿŵ!
СʹǱǶָһղŶ
ƷСе¡ʵ̣ӭ
PS裬1V1Ҫǰ׷ģһжύġ
Ԥġճղأ
????Ϊ󳤹ļŮεĹ˰һС΢ȴԴƣպ޶աǰźûлĬĬػĳ˵һԲ
????һ׬ǮȤŰ˳㣬ֲճ
????ܸոϰɣ˰Ѿֱ׳ѰʦҸ˴ӱ
????ܸոϰ䣬˰ѾѰҸҪ󽫾ˣѰ֮ܽ
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????˰˱ƹ·ϵһСʯӣ̲סߺƫƫĳ˱ǽ׷ʣôûпһΪ򣿡

2

ȻȱĻҪ˼伫ƷСӻؼȥΣ
ڳ˶صķӦסˣζɵɵĵɴ۾ԼĶ⡣ӣ԰飬˲ʮͽˣһôʹˣ
һĺĹƺСɵȡõˣ̲סЦЦˣóһ׵СϲȥһƤѾͷŪô࣬ڿ鱾ӵ𣿡
һ̣ںƴӣˮ֣аɸңɸ֡
ļȻǿŻӣĵһһǡժζĸˣȴڰ˼֮
֪·˰е󣬾Ȼ˾ǡһλͷĨĹһһӺʻܿ쵽˽ǰϴġҶʮĿ
ĳһʱĬˡ
ͣһλŻķƿ˳ʵǵ˵طĹӣǼλǡ
̲ܲ˵˾λ٣ﲻǮ
ļֱȡõˣһСѾͷ
Ѿͷ˵ǿŮȴ˵ԼﲻǮȱȫöܷĿڣ㿪ЦܳԱȰˡ
ڰζ˵һ䣺ȷŹ㣬ؼҺú׼պˡ
˵꣬һ˦֣ŲڰıӣСȵķŵ˵ϣջ˱ӣһȺģλ˼񣺡ԭҶĸļˡ
λͷĨĹջ˽ļߣΡһۣסˡ
ļһҲû±ץľȣȻҶżҲĸڱׯ磬ղ˼ҺҵλƺҲȥģôҶĸȻûյôôͻسˡ
Ҷ˴ʱҲ˰εݣǿĵ׵𾪣ܵ£ȸˡ
⻰ļȺӸ綼¶ζЦݡ
̩תۼ䣬µ۵ǻѾˡ
ԴһǰүźñһֱүҶүλ๲֮ͬλһֱȱվֻʱģѡǴλү֮ѡһΪ¶ǰһֱϵܣҶϵ΢࣬λүڳҲżִ
λͷĨģҶүĳҶᣬһܲĿʼˣûµĻ͸Ͻ߰ɣҺĸ׻Ҫ졣
ļҲȻĴ뿪ֱǶȥˡǰ˰һۣСֻһںڵͷ
һʱ䣬ڳıֻҶһˣаһڡ
ҶԬŰϤüۣḧ˸ϷֵǷţ㵱ʧ̬
һգȷүϵĵҴ˳ӣϯԼھׯϣΪѵԬվ͵ˣ˱ׯϣѳ̸˯
˴յӵģǼλϵ׽ĺѡѵۣòװ˸еС磬Сƣ;ƷзͶڲԭƻŽȥκû뵽һԬȴͻȻ˸ǡ
յż£ԬֻŴ˳ᣬˣֻ˵мҪϻȥȵӣƱԷ˵Ҵ뿪ˡβסĽȻλѵ۾
˹ЩǣԬ㸮ϲʲô˰ɣ¶꣬һ򶨣һûżءһҪҪȥһʣ
ҡҡƱòţ˾ϲģôҲۣȥɡ
ԬʱӣԬ뿪ԵѾ֪Ȼġ⻰һ˵ڣȴ롣
λ㿴ңҿ㣬ԼͬЩ͵ĴţԼ๫ɢĹλүִֻƬϽ׷״Բ
һλЦŶԳϵԬһûģǺò׽µӣܳ㼸УԸһĹ򣬾˻ȥ
һλ̰ǻԬ޹ȥҶϷ˾͵˦ƹô꣬Ԭͬס˶¶Ͷ࣬벻Ҳġ׷ȥúðƸ̽ˡ
Цֻк˼̬֡ȣλи˼ֲ²⡣
εɴǸͽļˣ֮£ֻóһӣڵסԼСؾصǰԬϺҶʩл
ͱɵ˵߷ҲæǰͣлҶæסǡ
λˣ֮ͶѡֻĹݷͬһ㣬һǳִˣλؼȥǲסĸףǾͺףȽ⼸λͻȥɣĸϵ˰иǣв֮¡
ԬӶһۣͬУ᲻ͷӦ¡
λʹҵȥɡóмȦñ˷ǵסѰ
˵꣬תԼҶӣᣬǵˣһͤһȸŵˡ
߷򸾶Щ֣̿ǰαֵĸһЩҶ˵ļ֮£ӽҶӵ
˳˵ˣ֪Ǹͤλãָ·ɡԵأһ˾;رУǱҲҪȥЪģ˵ûиղŵ£Ҳء
СЦʱ΢̣Ԭϼ̫ˣ̫ˡ
к£һֱĽС§ڻղյͬʾ֪ҶϾ͵ǰˣ๫ֱӳȥˡ
һ·޻ưƵģڴһ۵·ڹ˳ͣ߼ǰ
߼סڴ嶫ͷɽµǼСԺԺӲȴȸСȫҲɾ࣬Ժ̺죬ЩݲݣӺͰδɽġ
Ժ»һΣƽﰢϲ嶫
ն˷˺͹ȣҼҰβŵӹһ٣λ˲һٱ㷹ı⡣˵ɫѰȴʤʡ
λصУϴȥƭ˵ĶΪôɴЩʧֱӳˡ
ԼҰĻҲǻλɣյ࣬Ұرã϶üλġ
ʱǲͣԬһöºƤҲҪġ
ԬϺʹֱӭݣҶţԺƷ衣ǲɽϵҰջɹ֮ݵģһر㣬һҰۣúȼˡ
ϲĻһղŶ
ӭСʹԣ

3

Ԭݼͨɫе֮˵Ӷ硣һָ߹ŵʣðμ˾;رϤһС
ָԬϷһ裬ȻһСԱߣʵˣܸҽһĹӵ𣿹үĹְʲô˲ܹܵأ
δʱѾʶͽӺܼ֣ǲкõķӣ˵ĻġҲͰ尢ֵðˣϲٰˡ
ԬϼСüӣǿеĽƣСｲļҵ¡
úӣүǹְָ̫߻ʺֵܡλӽļ̫Ҹĸ׾ǵүĹ׸磬ֶ̫ӡһʢһգĹ˻ʺλӲܳΪүء
οյСҪһˣ군ˣͽͷô˼ҺĿɽһҲǲѽϲĻʵ۱¶˼ҵĿɽˣԼһǸϽʰʰҰɡ
һգҵ緹ķʢ߻ȥ˵ƣдҶӡ
ũСԺƮ𷹲ʱׯеϯոսλ˶˾ƣʱͷ㶼ϢȥˡŵÿټһֱȺĹ£µüͷ
˵ûҶ͹ţԬǷôյģϵģ
ǹµҲһɻ󣺡²ׯеˣ˵ûа˸Ҷ͹ţҳ˼λ˴ˣû˽ׯӡ
ȥ飬һΣ飬ĵĲ飬Ҫ֮ҳٸﴫţǿׯϵ
µӦ£һ䣺Ҷĸ᲻ʲôΣգҪȥһң
룬ҡҡͷ˵ԬһģԼյصġǱߵ㲻ùܣֻҪǷôݽôֱ͵Ԭ²ˡ
һأŵ˺ôı£ȻƤӵ滨ոׯ϶ֽţջð˰嵽ฮȥ
Ԭ뿪֮ǰѾֱԣ˵ʧǸСϢԷȻ׮¶֪óľġ
׮£ҶˣҲֻгϺĸϷ֪ˡ֪飬ɺ֮ˡ
ʮһǰͬԼȥʥȶʦ̫ҶˣŮϷ밲ĸŮѾɽסգ׼Щʱɽظȥˡ
ֱʱ򣬳ϻСһһɰǺɰģΪĸŮͻȻûбװһɰĽӸСˣ
˭֪һʱϱյҶĹ߶˵ϢѸٷɽҪֽʥֺͺɽһ׳죬ȴȻûһǸС
ϵڻǵһյĻңԬĻʹҶ˵ķǼ˵ѪʵǵҶ˼ŭͽź˶ˣҲ
ϵжλȰ˾ͱЩˣЪϢһɣҶһ֮ˣһģܼѰô꣬ʵڲףЩأһᱣ³ɵóԸġ
ǳϵŵùˣź˵˼䣺֪ȻҶĹȴСǴԬ߳ģȻǱѰߣҲ²⣬ϷҪСȥʥ֣ס˺üգԬĳɷڡ
⻰Ͻ˫ֺʮӴǧҪӣҶ˿ˡ
Ҳ̾ǰʮһˣҲһˡ˼ҵﶼˣƫƫǸƢ˵ʲôҲϷҲ
ϣü䣬к˵˳һرãĲرζҲһ㣬ǧҪаæµôʱˣҪһ뷹С
Ԭϲôӣԥ˰죬˹ֱ꣬ԬϴֻӼһЩˡ
⵽ССϸڣɶ࿴˫꼸ۡ˳Ŀ⿴ȥЦŽ͵ⶼҼҰεСϰߣ⺢ӴǰӹıضãϿɱ˽ˣԷʱҪ౸һ˫ӣ˼вˡ
һӲȥȴʲôҲû͸¶һ㣬òˡ
ԬӣϸϸƷΰеĲˡСĻһûпλӵĺáĳգûҰǿϧˡ
һٷĹҶѾһò͵ʵ߿е֪˲¡
ԭһڲûѪԵϵԵʻյһ𣬲ųһ˵ġһԭҲסھǴңԶıضǰΪѰҽβģֻǳзⰺʱסԴΪβǻ˸˵ָ㣬СѰˡ
ߺһھƣһƶ˵λʦ˵ˣֻҪ˾ǣεĲκãҲҵʦ˵ȥңͻйǰҵ˵ġֻҪ˼ңԺܸһ˳ˣȸǷǿˣȻ᲻ãˡ
˵⻰ŶһͻȻﺰӣΣǿҵˣҵ˰ⲻѾ𣿡
Զ˶ЩԬ˵ʮһǰʧСֶŮóǷżиŵĻʱϷ򸾶ɫʧЩңǰΣǷСŮͯĻֿ
ǷϵСŮͯȻǵ߶ʱģϴѻǵԬģʱһ۾˳
壬ʲô𣿡
ҶЩŵԼϱ˵ɡ
ӴżֳԬȷϵ˸ղ˵ҪҵʮһǰʧŮͯҼҹǰʧɢİ
һ׷ʵǰﶼˣɢҲӦüǵûؼҵ·ɣҲ˵סַɣ
ζã͵ˣ֣Ϊһ󲡣ѹʱһİĵطˣԼаΣ¶벻ˣżһЩҲģġȻʱԲϣܾöԷ˺λӣϵˣһĪϤСָоǴûйģŶһϢҲ·ء
ʵЩҶһֱڰɳ֣ĵѰС㣬µҲĹÿһնʧĽ
Ԭ·ϣѾ׼ˡЦŵͷ԰֣ʾԼСˡ


4

Ԭε֣ЦʵӣԸңϿʲô̥ǻ˰̣Ͽʲô֤ݵĶСʹŵ֮
ҡҡͷˣû̥ǣ˰ҲûУ
кܱóһɰݵԬǰǸɰõӷǳãֻ΢Щ¾ˣڴĵطһĿӣǱ˳ƵģȻֱббķ첹ˡ
ǰѹʱ򣬾һֱŵģӦǶ˵ҪĶ
Ԭֽɰ˹ȥƬ̣ȻСĽɰⷭ˹ɰı߽Ǵһ÷вһССġ÷֡
ɰǵʥʱ͸ǸżҴ˳ϴӹʱеϰߣĶһǣֻر׽ˣ֪¡
ֲ֪ɰйص飬Щʧ׷һ䣺û˰𣿴ǰҲû𣿡
ǰûйβǵˣڿ϶ûеģ̥˰̶ûС֮ģȻûУǰӦйģǾãһģӦһֻС壬һֻѺ˵Сӣֻ԰δӲȴδһ塣ҲȻСĵ棿
վǿĳѺ۵ʱֻͷСߣ£˵С̹ģ޷֪ģЩͲˡ
ԬϼʵӣɻֻСֻˣ
ѿڶšͬʱʶһߵĶ
ԬһֻֻɰһֲֻŸСգʣֻСӻˣΪڻ԰ˣʱ򣬲СĽʯϣѺ۵ĵطӽϡҪһɽϲǿ壬Ҫߣţɽϻٽȥʦ޲˭֪
˭֪ССһʧˡһ𣬾ʮһꡣ
ιɵֹԬϱţеɵӡ
Ҷ۾ĲͷȥҲŵᣬ߷ڶ棬ɫӣ۵ı˺Ͳᡣ
һĬĬңһСŵԬϵǰ˿һ棬ǰʧɢʱһѣӺܲѰҴǰڴ˼ҵ߷ȴûмôõӡǹǰ˼ңӦе˰Ҳʲôֵˡ
ԬϿĴ򿪰£ʾֽЦŶ˵лܵЩѾҵˣ¶С¶Ժ˵
ȻԬ§ڻ̲סһ䣺ˣǸɰôȷأȷЩ𣿡
Ǯ˼Ůôʵ
μȾԼղŸû֤ʲô־ûҴìܵĺܡ
Ц˼Ȼ׼ˣǿ϶ʹˡǴۿųģСʱҼҷ׽ĸŮءǲϴġ
ԬϿ˰εľͳɣ˵˼仰ǴһȻҡҡͷ
ԬЦСǰûղȥ֤һ¡Լ֪̥ǣУ˵ûϴˣԲԣ
˺һβǿɬԬҡٳʱԽˣȴû˳ɣֻлϲ
ԬϳҾͽ߼Щѹ߷ǰ֣صһҶҲϽȥһ
߷æһ߰һߺˣʹãʹá
ԬϵλҶжȻܵáεȷǵѾʮһˣҵˡʵ֤ݵ֤ݣϣֻԼ֪ˡлЩӶϤչˣݶ飬ҶҲġֻǣﻹһ֮룬λȫ
߷򸾶һۣжԤС
ȻԬϽž͵ϻ游ĸĸ岮ڣһһ죬Ҳʮһˡվʹظλ½ҵͻ뼱С
⻰Ͻܹȥӵ֣ЦŶԬϵĸҪŰ尢һߵģҲǰεˣҵߣ𣿡
СվĿᶨεԬϣĴ𸴡
Ԭϸ̾һӴǣʵ̫ˣȻҲ˵ˣλȻҪһġҵ˼ǣһͳļʲţԺӵ£Ȼͷɺã
ô꣬ԬϻǵһηĴʵε飬ȻˣʲôҲ˲ˡ
߷򸾶һۣЩɡ
룬ֱԵˣȻ᲻ðΣȻϵĺӣȻҪȥġֻǲ֪ʲôΣһȥв֮ǾͲȥ߶ˡԺǻһֱסģȰпյʱǣҺ๫֪ˡ
⻰һᣬž͵Ӳ֡
ҶϽǰַסԬϣСȰ𼱣ѾҵˣʱǣȥһҲûʲôġҿѸ˵˵һ˵úҪȥﶼ֪л̿֡㿴öŵˡ
ԬϸϽͷԶԣޣǴĸ̫ˣûпȫ˵˵òãģ㰢尢϶Ҫһͬظġ
ԬϺһڲ裬Žε˵ͣŶһϢ
˵ǰǵүŮǸϷٹ֮׵ү
ҶẬЦͷ壬˵һûСŮҲһСŮĴø硣
߷򸾶˵ˣһŤͷȥεķӦݣνܵĺѸ٣ֵĺܵ
СԬʩһĻһ䡰ĸֶҶ񣬻һ䡰硱ȶӦˣС￪ʵĸ磬ԺпɽˣԲԣǹүүĸأǸĹ֪ҵݣͲץ˰ɣ
õ˿϶Ļش𣬰γһ׷ʵԺҲʱ̴ɴ˰ɣǶڼﲻҳˣȥֵʱҲ˺͵ͽˣ
ԬɬæŵǴ翪ţŮҲ֣Գ棬׬Щ˽Ǯôɴڵġպʲôˣȥȥʲôʲôʲô뷨ͺʹĸ˵ǼûôĹء
ûСɰԣݮµį䡣

5

ҲЦŸ͵ǣﲻصģӽ£ôĵͽӣУҲҴռฮСıˡǾǵĹƽĿأһȥ仨ᣬԼѩ裬ֻȥ
ζλ˵龰ʹͽӻһȺµСһ涼ļʹӣ̲סͷӣҲҪһıӣúõϰϵͽӣͳһ٣Ȼ͵ٸȥ
ۼҶֿڼ򵥵Ľһ¸Ա͹ϵ
Ҷһһ
үҶɣϥһŮӴӶǴԬŮӽΪүҶ룬ϥһһŮΪ˺үҶ磬Ҳǰε׵ϥֻŮΪ
μˣлл硣
һΣ߷û˹˼ɣֱӻʰȥˡ׷Ķ˼䣺尢ǾĸġֻһЩҪĶѰЩͼزϣ˲֣游ĸǵʱٺһڸǾͲ˼ܾˡԺиڴæտһ£ҼˣǻʰԺӡ
߷򸾺Цͷηֱ˱ӣҲϽȥʰġˡ
˶ˣԬֵ᣺֣ⲻΰɣ
ҶϽǰȰһˣǴϲ£ҪЦŶԡǻкܶҪأˣʵҲŵĲУء
Ԭϲ˲ᣬ˶ŷԸȥȿظ游ĸϲ˵ʱ򻺺ŵ㣬̫ˣҴЩʱ͵㵽˸ɳȥׯϽҲЩ֣ȥܱߵɽһҡҪȻҵʯͷԼ궼ˡ÷Ҳȥ˵һ
ʰСʱԬҲңһֱţЦÿһ
ʰ˼ѣᡣһõһǴǰζ޷񵽵ҸӡҪ
ѶʰˣصԼӣͼԼҡӡǿءĨһᣬʣʮʦ֣ʲôµķԸ𣿽֮ǻһֱŹ𣿡
ߴ˶һŴӵ˼ǣһжġҪߣҶ˾ͼһԧ죬úźǹﲻҪˣҸ뿪ȻԹӡ
ԹӼ֣ӹ˲ϿˣճյһۣȻ¶˾һ㣬ͻȻ˹ȥһѱס˵
˵ڵһºˣ˫ַ־𣬾ַ£֪Ǻá
һ﷢£һ֪
ѡÿһǰ尢Ϊ׼ģŬҪõġһҲ÷ɴ඼ˣװһԬһԿţ۵ĳ硣
ʱ֮󣬰һԬϣһСˣӣۿţǵ˳Աߵλãŷ
ˣֱǶȥ
ԬϼһֱܱıһСЦʣʰʱ򣬺ûĸܹҲı𣿡
Ǵǵʱ򣬰·ģǮСĸҪҶ
СʵֹСаҪܼС
ԬʧЦϲǾŰɡҪպˣСĵ˸ЩûӵĽߡ
ȵСʶ𣿻ԼӣѯʵĿӣ̻ʱ򣬹ʶֵġ
ҪſˣĹٵҲӵ·ϵĳԽԽ࣬򲻵òнٶȣСĵĻ˽ǵĶС
һ۵ҶҵֺƵĴӲ·ʻźۼĳҶҵ˹ȥǸϳĺ̫ѨĹĵģо䣬Ȼһӡ
ԽԽ֣ǵĽ̸С̷ʳи˽ӾɰߺŶ䣬ר־ġⳡ֡ԴӿʼһЩ߰جΣ͸ϲ˶ֵĳ档
ԬܵС⸱뿴ȴɵеģ̾Ҫ˴Ű³ȥһתһתƣҲҪϺһ
ۿҪؼˣοɲǳʲô鷳֣Ԭϵ:ĸô鷳ģҾڳ濴һˡ
Զһ׳ΡĻʳǣǽվźöฺ𾯽ʿ
ǶбŰϼҴڵˣнƽգССд˼ҵСɵĽӡЩУһڴ㽣һƣ˸̸ۣ˾ȻվŴ˯
СС֣ҲĽζлʵ۱ڵľ𣿿žͺ˲ӡ
Ҷǰ棬̸۵һȺӼѧӡǹӼգѧǽ棬ʱ顣
򱱺СҦ̸ͬ۵ĻȫȤƵ˺棬ĵĴ䣬ͷֵľɫŮ
ʱֻɫʰ쵵ĺע۾ֻݵˣ᲻ƿƬ̣ǷһڹٵԱ̯߰ݵСŷ˿͵ġ
ҦŰΣֻĲУϲ쳣гž
βĿ⣬̾ԵתͷһۣȻವһСԴѳˣִӻóһɴ´áˣԺһֱɡ˵Ҳ̫׼ˣͽضǡ
һĶĳһһ㶵ġ
ҦԼ˼ҹŵһʱʧǲ˼ζǸݵϲ̱С̯λȥʱˣŶǵȴķӲǰòײŴյ̯ǰϸѡһֻĺּѵط
δɴҲ̽ͷȥˣͰųţ֡
Ҷǰǰѧ۵̩۵ǻ䲼һϵҪľÿ궬ĴʩȻѾ˵һϵ°յʾ£ȻҪһӢţִٵǻ괦ҲǿȦɵ㡣
ó񣬻ͳ˸Щĸ֣ôǶڿء
ĺܸˣ̲סϰԵᵽ˵ĻԬϽһšԬֻסСɻü˼ҿϣԼô˳ӣ


6

СӴ˻ﴫֱ׳ĸϱͺܺðڽϸƶİʩ࣬һλ˺üءûԵʱҾͰԼΧʵʵȥࡣģȥůůģ϶Ⱥˡϻ˸ûطס˸˷ӣ˶࣬ˣβȥסֻһ˶ס
лУһĴ峤ʹһҲ˵˻˰ǲܳϱöˣСҲٲˣһĿ׳ʵˡԣʵ۱µȻǺˣǺûʵۡ
һĿ佱ʵ۱£һСľͽԼӵ˵˳ֵʱ򣬳ﰲĿ£ԬͶ۾ǼֱԼҵСﵽ˶ٿࡣ
ӵҪһЩЩ£֪ˣȹǵõĻࡣ
β˼ĹԹֱˣȥԬϣĸѹҲûаõģ˵£˵ģɽҲҵöԵģкöС
Ԭϵžµŵİβ˵ȥˣϽóӰ᣺ĸޣ˰尢һɽְˡ
ⴿ˵ϹˣôԶ֣Сȣϸӯһգʱ
ԬϺ۾С§ĸһЩ
ٵϣһԶԶļ۶Ϊ׵һÿݵİꡣۼҪײŶӵ·ˣüô£ʱˣôôˣȥʽسǵĽ˭Ͻ̲֡
ԽڶֱڳſڼĹٱȥһǶͨеٶȾͿҶҵҲܶˡ
ʱһѾרӭسǽһıţȥˡ
̲סĵѯݣԱߵ˾ʵλ㶼ʶǿļҵĶ׿谮СӣĹ׵ܵܡ
ڳˣ̲סɴ۾ĹһѵֵܣǵͽӰɣСϾҪСϸļҵ˱ϼǺţԺ˶ҪԶԶġ
ҦͨʱҶҵոԶ˿еĴݣҧҧ˳нķ׷˹ȥ
˳ǣٶԿ
ҶŴ󳨿ţҶϷڶϱϺͳĲ£ľӭ˳̫̫һͷڷһͰ׵ģʱȴҲǴﴳġ
ͻȻ̲סȥԬϵӣӵĻһĸʶĿѰӺ߷򸾣ǶڣŰһЩ
СĽţԬεģúӣ£ǻؼˡ
ɬɬģǻؼԺļˣ˻ϲʵһֱܹԵĺܹԵġ
ԬСǰһһ
ڰ̩۽ԼڳڵӰУ͸ճյǸĵŮԴڳˣÿһ̶ǿ顣۾սȭͷƴԼûгȥǸ˼ĺС˶ߡСѾͷˣٲǴǰɬģȴǻ˵ӽĻˡ
ڵȵˣԹˡ
Ϸ§Űֱᡣ˼ůĴһĸСգ˾ͺã˾ͺãӽ̩ľͶǺˡ
κò׺Ϸ¶Цֱĸϱſһͨ˶ƽŵ븮еλ
СҶǶĵŮˬʣӿϼ񡣶СҶǴŮźǶׯ浾СҶǰε׽㣬һߵĹ밢μ֮Ͷ㵽һ͵͵һ׽ֲ˼ģ
ֱ꣬żСı˴˴ˬʵҶҲֻı˱ΡλԴ˶ûʲôرӦ׵ѪԵҲҪͨദ
Ÿջظء
Ϸ˴һӣˣȽȥɣĸһӡ
һҪߣźݵĽסˣˣ
ԬϾλСЩ죬ֹ̧Ҫ˵ˡο˱ŵǸЩĺݣͻȻһַǳԤУĵˣԼص˴
ҦСĵĽݷŵ˽űߣ½䣬ԬϿʩһ񣺡Сֶ򱱺ҦϷˣˣҶӺͼλ
۾һ£ǰԬϣλӦ򱱺򸾵ĵӡ
ԬȻŶԭ򱱺ǸϷ߳ĵմӰ˵óĺܡ
Ҧ̧ͷȥֻһβûвغõȹڣͨͨæĳԬһ񣺡Сֶղڳſ˷˵ûüǰкǰãСֶɵһݣĻ㾫£͸еĹɡСֶˣг밲
ɺǸݱŵԬϽűߣȻһۣɿתһ̵ˡ
ȻĪԬȴѾµԵɡϲǣϲԼСﳤˣϲˣǵ̫ϲˣһ֮ھСӡ
һʶ࣬û˵ʲôݵĻȻ治չչˡ
ڰصһСˮһҲʡġεԣԼ֪ûٱǸСӿȥ
ап࣬ӵɫѾλȲˣȲҪˡ⾩ǣҪˡ
γϷ˵ҡҡЩĽ͵ĸҲʶղǸ˵ġǸݣڳſڿĿзɵֻ񡣡
Ϸ˿ССֹסЦѾͷĸûϺͿءǲһݣٹԲˣǳСӷҪţʲôϵ
ҶĴŽˣֹ˺һڰŻ뿪
εҵʱ򣬸г˼Ů죬ֻǰظŵĴҶڣ˵ĵѧѧҪϲŹ顣
һ˽Ϸ˵Ժӣû˵ϼ仰Ϸ˾¶ƣɫ˼˯ϰߣΪ˵ȰΣһֱͦš
˺Ͷ˺϶һۣϱҪȥһϵĲ˵żλ뿪ˡԬҲվЦһ·ĳҲˣС˯һɺãҲ˯̫ˣܡȥǰԺӿһ
ԬһߣαЩû뵽һ˹Ƿһһٶһۣ̲סЦˡҶϷ᲻÷ſŮαֱ˯Ϸ˴ϡ
ׯֿͷͷ˯һ͵͵Ĩһᣬ˳ȥ


7

ҶԴյŶļؼҼСŮƫƫ̩Ҫʱȥ鷿¡
ò׶ֵĴ£̩۸˵ꡰλүˣվ͵ɡҶˣҴϣ̩ۺү
Ϸ˯һᣬ㱻ˣ˵Ǵүͼλӻظˣżء
ڰεĹλıҪֱࡣҶһСĹСͳľƯֹɿɰֻҶҵλӶҲϲĲˡСʱ⼸ΪһĻᶷǶһ
Ҷᰢͼˣ˻ʱǰСԴЦŶ԰εȥˣҴ磬㡣۸㣬úиء
Ҷ⻰ǰظĵ죺æĺܣڼҡպʲô£ҶһЩ
ҶСͲ˵ϲһΣҲεͷ΢Цڼҵʱ࣬ʲô뿴飬磬
һ˲õĳŵƽҶЩ飬ɶǱĲٱˡεʱˣ˲ɹССҶصĵ˵ͷ
ĹҶĬʮ꣬˰˺ãһСƵģת˵үȥˡ
°θոչңһ·۳Ͷ٣һЩʱϢӦϷ˵ԺһԲظԺˡ
ҹЪ˴ԬϵȻаԺӵģֻԺӾδסˣȻ˴ҲҪú²һС
ԭϷҪסĳԺģԬϸҪˣС͸Ͱ͵ĳ½ǲ֡Ϸ˿ˣЦõİ˰ֱ֣ӽһˡ
˯ǰΰСָͷ游ĸ󲮸ĸĸĵܡ㣬ţǺôһӣֻȱھӪĶͰεĵ
˵εĵһλɽʯͷȥˣһʱҲˣֻܹЩˡεףСϸһϯϵ龰ƺ˶ıܹ⣬Ȼἰ
һҹѵ˯ûͷۣҲûجΡ
ڶգҶȥϳʱ򣬼ֱǺ棬ϲɫסСŮһˣʮĲȥˡҪģǲ嵱£жг𱨳ˡ
糯̩ҶȥеʵʦմҴȥ޻ĶʦǷ岻ʻ߼ʲôΪ֮£һ֪ʦǼϲ£
̩۴Сڷأδܹһ촢ִٵǻλүְֵĴͷ𣬲˽յĻʵ۱¡ԣ˽һֱλүʦȥĳүСҲշ
Ҷ˼һ㽫СŮʧѰص£ʵ˵ˡ
Ҷү򸾾ˣ˵ҶҶųϢСಡһֱסׯϸŸ˵ӣЩԼҲ˳ȥ˵ĶվˡȻˣǹ𣬵󷽷ĳˡ
̩ˣʱûж˵ʲô˰ʥּʹ;͵ҶңּĻ̫ܹ󸣵СͽСϲ
ԹϵŮ춼Ϸ˵ιڵ顣
˺ϵһ飺Ҳظˣһ˿Բˣϲ£ϿɵöӣǺú֣ףף
ϷЦ䣬תȴԸ˵ͽмλѡѣκ֬ˮҲһѡףϯõһϷİӣǺú֣Ӷҵ˽
⻰λﶼΧȥһһĴȤϷЦͣ
ֻаΣɵλϣЦһĻһУ˵̫İˣԬϺҶᣬҲֻϷʱȻȻıֳ
ʱϹܼҴҴ˵ǹˣָҪСȥּأ˵ǻʹܴ͡ɻ𾪣ּǲܵġ
Сϲʥּʹ͵ӣ̿첽ǰԲҶϷˣЦһڣŸС㲡ūŹλʾء
ʥּϽκһٿ䣬˹һЩʹһʺСﴩĶ棬˼ֻɫʰ쵵Ĵݡ
⣬Ҷ඼˸жǸ͵СӣڶˣһΪӡ
һߣλ㽫Χм䣬ϲһһл˽Ҷµ֣żһȥιЩ֮
Сһ߿һи̾һûʵۣ󷽵Ļĺûʵֻۡǣ꾩зŷ𣿡
ðθ˵ĻʥּЩĻȻ֪ⲻһֹٷ˵ǣλһֱϲĻʵ۱׿ڿ˵ĸо
ԬϿ˿ǼӣϷʾЩʹͣ
ϷЦȻǱ͸ĶԺʰˣ̧ȥɡ
κǰĸеģֲʶЩ游൱ģҪ游òС
ҶүСŮ⻰ĹЦЦ֮ɫ½ԣȻ˵ʹ͸ģȻҪá
ο˿ԬϣЦͷлҶϷˣʵЩԴ𣿿𣿡
ЩǿԵģЩȴǲܵģҪⷿУר˺úñܡ
ˣĳ˳ԬϵӣС˵ĸңһЩеĳֵܽá
ҶϷ˺Ԭ϶һۣΪϲΪ֪û˹ȥļ䣬ּ¶һֱ鲻ԽһһδǲչԼĺͯԴ˵ͨ͸Ļʵڳǵϡˣ⺢ӵӡ
ԬӦˣ˽̧Ժ׼Ժʰ׵ˣٸȥ
ϣ̫̩۹ȥһţĹװһ䣺ţּһС£檻һֱΪҶүֻŮأ
ֵ̫ĿֶŮһۣȴûгֹ
̩۷˿ӣ̫ЦŵԭĸͱѾ֪ˣҲּ֮֮ĸͱҲһС貹貹ء
̩۽һ˵̵̫ͷӦˣ±ĶԣǼȻ֪ˣôҲҪʾһ²źãվּ
Ҳ˼ĵǳҲһݰɡ
̫ˣЦĲУЦԼֶŮ㿴㿴׳ԵĪ˵ɰҪѪ
潿ߣͷɹԼС׬˵̩Ҳ΢Цʮ⡣


8

죬θԬϵָ½ʹеĲϡ֬ˮۡį̄˳ȥ̫͹ʹ;ֵˡ
Ϊʹͣ겻¶ҶСٴαҵϢҲ˿׼Сǣ׼϶ĵĶҶ֡
糯̩۵֪СȻ룬ʹ͵һݷ˳ȥο־òζˣʰѼ²ĴĹѪͷ
󸣼ˣапࡣ
նʹ͵ӵʱ򣬱¾;͵̫ˣ޲ðѿĺöᵽҶȥĵȰȰʱ
ЩÿһǱ¶Լ˽Ķ֮һһѡһһдġΪˣ»ȥһ˺Ĺο˹İ
ԼԵĴĴõģ˵˵ģƽ԰ģʱó԰԰ڵģ޾ϸº޲ö￼ȫˣһ˵ǱѡġģһεĿ˶ᡣ
ΪԼ͵Ķ̫ˣ¹ί»ȥٿ͡ϻбұ͵ĸ׵
һգ𴲺󣬾һȥϷ˵Ժӡʱ򣬼λﶼѾˣֻж˺ϲӰ
ʱĩԬϴλȥˣȻϷ˵Ժ
һ磬һһһӹ൱һ˻԰ӣϷ˻˲˻˻֭ȾָסȻһһپڴǰĹϺȲԵģлҳ
˵λ£Ϸ˳ûͰ㼸λ㶼࿴ˣȥ꿪ʼҾÿĸߣѧһѧ⵱µı졣ȹЩӣҲͽ飬һȥһɺã
󾸳һٶ꣬ȴǰͬĵطǶŮӶĿݺ¡
Ůӻӵ䣬ǰͬ
ڴ󾸣Ůһʮſʼ࿴֮ҲҪʮԺŻáϧŮ˼ңŮӼ˵仹һЩǶʮŸոճ޵ġ
ҶҵĴСҶúͶСҶ浶ʮ꣬һͷһβոտʼ࿴˼ҡСҶʮ꣬ģոʮ겻ãֻꡣ
ҶϷÿÿ뵽ᰵԸ̾һػšƺһգۼ䣬ŮӾͳͤͤĴܿҪɱ˼ҵˡŻصߣͿҪ࿴ˡ
СèһϷߣһɵĵͷãϲĸдĸһʲô¶ġ
λߣֻޱȵİģϲĸһһʲôҲ˵ʲôҲҲÿġ
ҶϷԳưˣ̲ס̾һ§ԼĻԽ̵˼䣺úӣԺǾˣԳưˣǾǵСǣƽﶼô˵ģһ£֪ˡ
⺢ӣƽʱŴҵǵֻʹϱڣԳʱʱľͱ˻ȥ
Ժʹĸ׽ǰŮҲ𣿡
ȻԼһʱǲϰߣܾãͺǵõЩǰĨһЩհģѰصļ䡣
ĸҪ㶪ЩȥֻΪͽ룬ǲҪʱڰεʰѺõĲݲĵףõĲݶǰһֱڵġ
ˣǰΣǱ㣬ʱʱطꡣЩˣһȻ⣬ʹطҲȻ
ƶǶĵͷϷ˵ԺӣȥԺϷ˸߷򸾴ȥˡ
μԼļˣ⼸ԭʮֻϲġǲ֪Ϊʲôһ߷򸾣žĵŵԭӶʱʲôˣֻʣˡҲһŵǰŰƸͣ
ŰһĴѾԬϵĸѾߣ龰ԥƬ̣ˣٳǰһ߿һ˵ҪˣԺҲܽҰˣҪԺûˡ
Ȼĸ˵رеҲ֪һжΪԼãǾǺѹһô죿
§ڻϸĺ˰죬뿪ʱָˡε߷򸾸𣬵ĸæת룬ⶣǣϵʱӰ尢ȥ游ĸһ÷ǱʱŶ
СѾˣͻȻͣͷ˵һ䣺Ưż¹ŵСϱ
⻰ʵ⣬ֻСﵥֱ׵ıһԼĸоӵȴڵһºˡμˣͻȻЩίĪһָоԺǰ۵Ǹ
صԺʱСϷ˻˰콿ָĸǳԿòãԵֻҰɷˣóˣ游ЩӾƣǳʱ͵͵ѰĹӾҲˡ
Ϸ˱Ǹռ˱˵СģĲУСŮָֻ˽λϲģҲ˵úܡɣֻҪ⺢ܰȫȫĴߣ㹻ˡ
˯Ϸ˻ԬϺϹ˽ԼСⷿԿ˳ǡ
һǾͿҵĿⷿȥЩöúòòԺӡ⺢һɶµģСС;òһˣȻҪһЩ
̫̫һڲ裬±ӣֻһתҲƫӾû˵⼸꣬úֲһСŮѾͷҲȥ˵һ˵˭Ϊ˴֣ҿɲҶҲǵƤǳĹ
ԬĿϽԿףϽ֤ԺӵѾźˣѡĶϺõģҲСϲġΪϷ˷ģ˽еĵ˹Ϸ˹Ŀ
ҲæȤԼΪ׼һ˳һһչʾϷ˿֬ˮۡӡСڼ۵ǷǼŸκӡպһͳţʱŻأԭȻǸ׼ȥˡ
λҶϷ˶ŵĲã־͹ͨ˵˻ˣսš
ҶϷһԬĬȻҿ˿òײӵĸп
˯ڸӵİα份ѣױһҪСȴͻȻͣס˽ŲԸλȥæɣžˡ
⼸ѾߣС㣬Щţĵģȶĸ⿴һ׵ӣòã
òӦͿľ͵ͷ˹Ȼŵ˹ȥ


9

ǰµݽ˴ޣѾ׷һµСɰҪȥһŶ(2019.11.13)
޸ĺ½ڸŶ
ǣôôգ
ҶѾݼϷˣʱڴ˶̬ŵƷ衣ڰˣһʱ侹˿˵
ζڴ⣬µϣһʱǻϲǾ̾ԭ׻úõģôͬĹۣͬô׿͸ĺÿأ
ʵûԼźʹɩĺọ̈ûסʵãɩظգǾѾȥׯϽôŻѽۼׯӳҲһʱɡ
ϵĴһ䣺Ͷɩˣе¶ˡ
˵ǹ㡣
һЦ⻰ȤĸŮɢʮ꣬ˣҲסżŮİɣⲻ֪ģΪأ
⻰䴥ϵ̧ۣͷɩǲǹ̫ܵˣȻɩѾ⻰ͷҾлֱ˵ˡ
̧Ԭϣ˵ɩ⻰˵ˣдɱ֡ҶģʵЩϴ̫ΣѾˣһʣһɩô϶ҵŮأģɩƾʲôûҵͬ˽԰أ
һӾˣڴ⿴һĻСĸβ˲Ƿݻϲһ㵭ȥ
˵Ļ֮ȴûһɫȻƷ
ϵʣԬϵһۣڵƾҽĸŮӹŹؾ˻ƾֽƾŪ֮ǰһֱչ˵ģƾŮֻ֪һһ׵˰̣ԼŮк̥Ƕ֪ƾҶҵ飬ҼȻҵ;Բһ̡
һ㶣üɩ⻰ʲô˼ôõˣѵɩϵģͻȻ˵ʲô̥ǣŲװɣ
ҵģҲСˣʲô˵ʲô˵Ҳеǿ̥ǵ£Ҳ֪ġ̫æСʱ򱧶ûбΣСȻǲ֪ġɩ˵ûҶôõĺӣȻȷݣȻҪϽϻ
ҶϷ˵ĻȻܴҧҧ촽Դͷ
ԬֵһۣȻתֵ֣ԹȥСûУˣʹ˼񡣡
ָոճҪȥˣҪŵİκһš
νݰݼˣҶϷ˵ʾ£ߵǰһ񣬻һ䡰ס
ĸŮһһƵľգȴǲͬ
ɫӣи֯žͳһ˴ᣬϧο˻޵رġ
һӵ˶ˡ
ҶϷ˼״һĸŮϻΡ
˺ЩڵıۣССķʡһ£´οɲô嶯ˣ˰ɡ
ֻа㶵Ķϵͷۼ˿ĹɫͣãȻת˰ڵ֮ֻû״ΧС־ʹίӾһΡ
޿ʵʵģģԼЩЩп˵ӡ
ԴŪѾͷ췭ظģҶ˶ԺͲɣòܾׯϵΣѾǵĹ˵
һڽˣڵüһ졣
ſ޳Ͳˣҡҡ׹ȥӵΣˣεһˡ
Ļͷʾĵ˾ÿ¡
쵽˰;˻ȥͻȻ˹ȥŰĴȥ⺢ӣôôĵӣ͸͵͵ܳȥأΪһʱƤЩ
ʱ龰ԭӦĵ˵˰ζϣһ߿һĴ£˵һЩпĻȻĸŮӵͷʹޡ
Ȼʵʵǣ˹һ˲䣬ΪͷŨŨĺαܵ˼Ȼǰһڣĵȥ˲䣬ʶ˵һ䣺ǵģûС
˺ԿĲ˼ٶȳ˹ȥһѽס˵µİΣȻͬڵϵԶһЩ
Ǻ޲þȥţ˵ãҪͺúñҪȻͱ𱧡úõŻӸʲô㻹ɣ㿴ŵģС
һ˵һߵͷȥȴеСһͷ亹˹ȥʱˣһƬң˶Χ˹ȥˤڵ˵Ϸʽ
ϴͷСεǰ˵Ǿ仰һ
Ѿͷʱ꣬ôȥˣѵܼǵ飿ܣԲܡʲôǵãôôأ
ĺ̫ҽ˵Сλεʲô̼һʱڼŻˣûд󰭡ֻСᣬȴƺųͷʹ޼Ǵ⡣
˰죬ֻһ²ķӣֶˣЩʱҪòϢˣд䡣
ǰ̫ҽҶϷ˽飬ͷʹ޼ʦԺæһ£׸˲źáʱճˣǻһ㽫Ͽ壬ԪӰ졣
ԬڴߣŰŲ԰׵Сֿ۵ĲУҶϷü˼֪Щʲô
ϸմû̫ҽǷ̫ģֻǶʮֲҲǽԵֵģϸþǴɩŮŶԣ͸÷壬ÿһû¡Ҹղ㣬ߵĴŲʮأʮкüض˰ɣ˵Ū¶ˡ
Ԭ⻰ͻȻ̧ͷҾˣֻҪһԺҵŮҲ˼Ǹĸܡպݵ¶Ҿȥҵ
תҴҴǣ̾⺢ӴСرУԱ˵ĸΪ⡣˶ϲǷܣ⻹Ƕ⣬ƺһ۾ܿ
ǻǵСʱ򻹻᳣Ҫÿαȥġʱһβ֪ôģȻһ͵͵Ժӣȥҵ֮ȴֳҪҵԺӣСС˶ҹﱧҿޣ˵һԺӣΪʲôҪǴΣ⺢Ӳһ֮Ҳûʹˣֻһճҡ
Щ꣬Ҳ֪жԼԼΪʲôҪòȻ϶֮½һȥʥ֡Ժ˭Ҫ׽ԼɣҪȻҲϡ
ҶϷ̾һֻ䣺⺢븸ĸԵԺǶһЩɡѾͷҲһģҲһЩúί
ӦĲУƫƫֲܳȥһ٣ֻñŻȥȭźһЩ


10

ѻǲǸѾͷƽޣû뵽û鵽ԼŤ˽ţǸѾͷһѾͷСʱͲʡģ˹࣬ѧװˡ
ֻúŮ塣ÿֻҪһԼ϶ûк¡ⲻǸѾͷһˡ˵ϵŤ˲أֻճеʱעһЩˣƵĲС
ңԽԽѾͷôһԵ޹ʵġ˼룬˴ѾҺȥ̽һϢȥŵ㣬Ǳû˴򣬴Ǵô˵ģϷǱкζ֪
һԸ˹ϣԺˣŻ˭⴫ϢҺȥ˺ð죬ʲôҲûֻ֪Ѿ˴򣬻ҩ
ϵûѵֻȥˣֻһѾ߽ȥСϿεĵطţѧ˵һˡ
Ҷѧ֮ƬҲû飬͸ϻ밲ˡ
óӣر
ã߰˷ϵòټ϶صʣ˼֮Ҷȴ游׸һЩ㣬һ
üɫѾˣ⺢Ҳ֪ô£ղžȻεˣ˵ȥ̽һء
ҶɻѾߵ˵ˣ׼ȥ̽أﲻһȥ𣿡
̾һɵӣȥˣҪĸˡһǿƣԼûŮͷҪţ񡭡ﲻлҪģȥ￴һɡҲ֪⺢ЩôģӹĺòãûжŶţһЩ;ġ֮û˵ЩźģЩʲôˣ
Ҷ»һ£ãȻҡҡͷû⼸գһֱĸĸһûкǵءźģĸʹĸˣʲô
ȻĴ𰸲⣬ȴҲ֪¼Ҫ̽С
ûʲô½ȻһֱסׯȴءڸϹĿɺãû۸㣿
Ҷһһˣŷ뿪
ԺӣҶ²ûֱȥǴߵݺȥԬϣ˵˵òˣҪȥ֪̽ʲôʱ򷽱㣬ĸʾ¡ݺˣʹһѾȸֱطϢȥˡ
ԬϴʱڰߡҶϷһȥ˿Ժ߷򸾡
˫֮ԬϾͿżɽʱεº˵ˣָɴεĲ˭֪߷򸾶Ҳ֪֮١
ӳĬƬֱ̣ͦղǸ˵ʱż־ִپнѰˣ̱ĲһˣʵҺ๫ҲЩˣЩСµģԭҲһЩǹⲡ֢ʵڼֵĺܣѰҲֻܿһЩͷʹҩǿ»޷¶ģŹﱼǧѰβʵⲡֹͷô򵥣ֻ¶Ҳ֪λǰ£ֲȥҲֻ֮£ʵˡ
ԴӽҶң򸾶˾Ծĸ˿ڣơΡΪˡܰô飬ǶϸĻȥ
Ƿ򸾺Ͱ飺Һ๫ΪһЩԭ򣬲ò뿪˴ǰңӵ˴ɽеһСӣ๫ԺߵգټԭһЩӹҲ㲻
һܰĹ¡
Ϊ˹һʢ꣬ո˵߷ǰðսɽΪ׷һֻҰͻıѩɽСҺãǻ֧ţ˳ŷѩҵλڰɽǼǻϣ
ʱѾ͸ˣǵ֫ҲҪˣҪˡԶԶĿ͸ů⣬гŮӰʱΪԼɽеľ֡
ڻһĻһ¡̲סżֵıԹﵱʱĵҲ̫ˣһ˶ǸȻ͸ҺԥĸǿţǷ˽ȥæǰæˮġһʱǻˣôѽǻɽҰĵط첻Ӧеصزġ
ҺȰﻹдʣ˵ȻǷǺˣſŵġʵ̫Ƕ档
߷򸾿ŰεľȼãаѩͣͨУ׼ɽʱѾ¶ʮˡڶ죬Сˡ
ԭǽδɽֻҪ֮ͲСΣصɽϹꡣ˭뵽Խദ͸ԽһˣҲֲˡ
뿪ԺһϷ˵ԺӣսݣԬϱ̲סĵϱȻûЩҷ򸾵ĲͬҾͲ²⵽⺢ӹȥľ²򵥡⼸տ϶Ҳˣ⺢Ǳųģߺ;Ͷ䣬̬ǸļλﻹҪ׼һҶĿûǶԷҲġǿģֻĿĲ֪ΪΣѵΪݣΪ˽Ҷң
¶Ԭϵǲ¶˴룬߷һ·׷Ѱòײҵεġ˱ѩͱξȼõ¶ȴġ
ҶϷ˴Ȱ֣ĵ˭ûп۵ʱأ˼Ϊ¶˲ҽҲδܿǶԷ򸾵Ĳ֮ҿǲǱҶģҲûһֱݣʵģЩ£Ȳ⡣
ԬϷ̫̫ãΪѵĵһλȥ⣬һˡӳл»˱˴˵ĺޱʾҲʣһֱ;ڸɣҪأ͸ΪˣܲҲǩɣǩĻһ
ҶϷ˰˰֣ʾżԺ˵Ҫչ˺ҿλҲ˼Ȼˣȥµʱ򣬾λӹҲٹ۲۲졣ȥҪ̬ȡ
ˣһµξ
ССһڴǿںڵģֻ΢Ӵսʱʱģ滹ֵС¼ˣȴҴޣֻĬĬᡣ
ͻȻŵһϤζ͸綼ϲԵѬζ
С۾ð۵СֺݺݵĲᣬȻС˳ŴȥŴ˹ȥ
ӯССɵһԾͽӣ֣תӹС˵ݽĴʳУתͱϲСѾͷһ㽫ʳˤ˵ϡ
磬硭
ûеСγԵζļȣѾһתһ
ֳĵ˺ˣǶġǰοƯɰСôö㲻أ籣֤Զᶪ°һˣԶ۰Σòã
еİΪЦİȴѹˣڻ˯૱ԹŸƭ


11

һ磬ļŹǷ˸ĴţһһߺԼСС˵Żϵģǻˣү˯һ˽ǾȥүСȥ,ȥС˳ӣǸСѾͷסַҪ
գļջؾҶûüأͱϹųһ˲£Լ˼Сﶨµ֮Լһ·ϻġ
СҪӦӵĻͿ˴С꣬ŵĸϽСļүү밲
ļ̬վãһЦĺк׿ˣ·ˡ⿴ŶˡͷӷϴȥԵõġϾ͹ˣͱ˰ɣ
ĵ꺮ů׿üοڵ粻ǶҪ𣿻пոҽӷϴ㲻ǼŽС𣿡
ļ
ȻǱ˰ͷۡһİĵܵܣһôƯɰСԾ񰡡
ߴͷ¶ֺõЦݣһģģ籣֤ظ֮󣬾Ҳȥˡ
з紵˵ķ˿ƺҲϺò۶ɵһ˿ů⡣
һֻΨһһŪ˾ҲҲһΪ֮ɡ鷳ҪȻҾӣ½緢䵽߽ȥ
ļĿԼҵܵܳţתһĵСͷϣûУԺСЩҪǾЩ̺ۼҵС̣͵ȥ߹Ϊˡ
СӦǣֻȥ˵һ䣺ūôöүղźѹء
ļ̾һаѣ֮һֺ˲ǳǧܺĸŮ棬ͦãͦõġ
ҹѹһأԺıι࣬˯ȥˡȵڶС￴ž࣬ɫҲһЩͷȴһֱʹ
£ϥһȵԬ˹ȥŽֱǵһ˲Ŀ
ֹסЦС㻹ǺСʱһ˷ǵñŷһС
ԬиˣȴЦⶼˣҪˣʱѵҪĸȥ𴲣
κ˵Ҳ֡ͷʹ֢״ƺȴǰˣһůģҲůģͷʹࡣ
ţҩμһԬϻһ֣һҲˣúҩˣĸһͺˡ
Ԭ߷̵˶⻰ЦˣָƵǷ˻β鵤ҩ¡ԬҲֹסЦǺСｫҩˡ
밲ĲҩСֽԬϻһ὿ԼĺˣĲ˷ҩǮˡԬСǲɿڡ
ε̾һͷʹ˲֪ٴˣҩûõģʹĸһء
һСܣһܸ֪˵ܱ˶ƶϲᡣ
е磬ÿͷһεĹţƽʱǿġԷΪβ˾ҵǹžͻᷢ仯ξܿˡͨǹŵɫԷ⻹Ƕ⣬ϲǹųֵľĶ԰ʵ뷨
ͺñգϸռεʱ򣬻ƽͷʲôҲûСԽԽίͬʱͶ԰β˾޴ԹޣͷϵĹĵı仯ͻûģֻɺϮ
ԬԴȷ˰ε֮ÿκͰһͷһƬůĹâǹʱûӵģ
еĹţǰֻܱɫԴصҶңٿĹžȻܱ״ˡλ֣ĸůĹâȻԻͷʹԼ˵ĶʵԵ˺˺ĸϵů޷æ
Ԭ뿪ʱⶣ˰ΣҲҪȥҪԹϢ
ĿԬϳţϵЦʧˡǰǸֳ龰Ĳί֯ţС͵͵ᡣ
ҲֻһʮСһ˵ű˼ҵĺӺֻһεĻҲһͰ۰ڵؼҡյһеڴͻ붼ˡ
ֻԼһСҪ˱īһſԷڴϵСӡ
˶˳ȥóСרǺ͸йǸСϣһһļҹΡóһ֣صļһ䣺ײϲΣҪСġͣһ£룬øдһ䣺βǽԪÿ˶ϲ
ոսСսСϻӷźãӾ͵ˡ֪Ժÿ춼С־ϲΪϲЩѹ̱Ժȥˡ
ĵһ죬ιԹԵڴĸԺԼҰϸչ£ԳԺȺ˯˯˾ͷһѱ˵Сӹա
Ϊ˷ӹչ˰Σ˺֮󣬽ݶλЩһֱׯչС֣꼸̽ãѰһλнֵĺˡڻҲϷæġ
˴ı飬ǶӶΪҹȻؿԺסֻа鰢Ρ˸Щʳ¶Ҫ֡
ձԺС˼ϲĵĳʳǶһݡ
Ԭӡ⡱£̩͵ЩС⣬˽һϻӵĶ˹αǾעƬ᲻ˡ
λѧԼ̽ĽǾŻ˺ŽӽڵĿγ
¶ǽ˯ʱԼԬģ˾ͺͽһȥϿΣٲˣҪȻҪΪֲʶСˡ
ҶЦܺһȥϿΣ̫ˣǽˣʲô¶ˡ
Ҷ²˵ֻǣε֣ҡҡ
ҶɫûϿΰɣǵķӶǲѧ֮Ҫϸ񣬿ҵҲࡣôǰŷѧЩγأ֪λǰ̵ģ黭óһأ
Ҷҵļλ˷һڿεġֻݸϲòָͬƫأÿſγͶʱ;Ҳͬ
СҶȻúöȴպѧž˵츳ͶȱȱˣϷˣһΣǼ̳Ѫ츳书൱˵á
СҶٖ黭ԣˮƽܸߣǾĲŮ
СҶߣϲǶͿͿڻ滭ĸʢ鷨Ҳ
ҶһʣλˢˢĿ˰ΣЩ档
黭οС룬Ȼ󺬺Ĵһ䣺óóֻ֪һ֪һ
ӭղ׽Ŷ
ġСе¡ӭŶ

12

Ҷ浻Ҫϸʣ˵Ӻӹ
뵽ҶǸ˵ӦоеĲ鷿ԼĿ͸У˿
ҶСĿ⣬һڵòȤ´
ʹͷһӵ˿ţ˵뿴СֻܼϣܺϬˡ
Ҷһᣬˣǰ԰˵úúЩȹշˣǽþһۣúһ졣
ԣ̲סѾʼڴˡ
ҶҲҺʹһ߰ɣշӶһӣҪȥϰһ
ֻҶһνһγ̷仹мλӵϰϲá
κϲЩߵ׽㣬ߵλãʾҶѵЬӣһ
ͷͷ˵һжѧȡ˾Ҷһ
ӼԼҹ鿪ĵӣи˵ĲУҶߵʱװһӵĵġ
Ҷ¸ջصԼԺӣͱ˹ȥ
ѯ˰εĲ飬Ϸ˺ʹǱߵĶûĽ֮⡣
ҶһһˣѾ϶ǸѾͷչȻװΣҪ没ˣôͻָˣ⸮ˣǶˣˣȻһ̽ûУһѵѾӹʲôã
ԽԽί̲סֵᣬ˰죬Ҷֻɵĵͷһ޴ģҲ֪Ȱ䣬һˣȻȥɣȻѾЩˣҲ֪ңƫĵǡˣҺһȥɡĸٰԵܲģҼŮ
Ҷһ֪ôȰ޴ģʲôҲû˵ֻ޾ɵĳȥˡ
صԼԺӣּɫ̫ãȰС㣬Сһׯסô꣬ˣ˶һЩҲģСɲҪ룬ҲǧΪСˣǲ׽ءҪ˵ڸׯǸˣǺһ׮ء
Ҷ̲ס¶һЦݣ͹˿ĸĸױлˣôΪԴأ˵ǸףԼ˭Ҳ
μ棬Ҷ¿ŬװһĸŮģֻΪƭԼȥϢͦȤġ
ģʵһ£ʮһһֱ֤ʵһ¡
Ҷվǰ̿һŻֽʼϰߣÿķҵʱ򣬻ϼʣȻľˡ
յĳϣմӣƷѲʷ׿֪漰Ա̰īṩһӦ֤֤̩۵ּչ٣ԱһѺ
ѾλĴÿλؾҪݵĳڴ󳼶һ˾ռߵģһĶûС)?( ? ?? ?)?
ʵǰģλ֤µ˵Ҳû˲ʶȤˡڴҶѧˣĬĿ־ͺá
³׿̩ۻȥ鷿ѯһЩ˴Ѳʱľϸڡ
˵£̩׿ļ򣺡׿ģҴ״Ԫɣ޿Ժ˭˵ƫԼСӲĸλ
̩λؾͰھдЩʱհɣҪٳˡм£Ҫȥ졣ȥһٿ̫Ȼȥ㡣һ£Ƕءžڹðɣһ
ƺ׿ǰһдʱ䣬סڽϵģù̫Ĺϵ׺׿Ҳյȥù밲ģ̩⻰ʡˡ
¶һĵЦݣл£ʱ͵űµЩþˡ
ĹУпڴϣСŮҩӶ֣ȥһ£׿ˣеĶˣ
ֶ˹СŮеҩ룬ȰﻹȽҩ˰ɣÿڣū̶Щ۽¿һС򹫹ѯĲˣүˣǿ⸱ӣ֪Ҫεء
Ȱùҩ룬۾һʵȫĲٶη纮ҩҲβ˱
ĪҹҲ˯ãجΣεѾͷűҰ޿ʣİټӣϲʱд󳼽̩֮£ѡ㣬ռŶԱµͷȴٳûж֮£Ųˡ
̵ļӷҩһԼ³ҩÿϵģҪѲˣŲòҩǵȵʱЩźˣһٷⲻ˵ġ
ƽǵɫ仯۵ף̾һʱúڡǰ̫ļˣҵھͽ߷̵ȫˣŪ߾ȻһΪǵ˶ûУ⼸֣ͬԸ»ɣĸָϡ
׿Ǻε֮ˣ˹ĵһۣͲ˶ˣżɽʵ岻ʣʲô֮£
⻰һɣ
׿λ㲻Ҫˣòãָϵģû߱ݻģǲ̤ʵ
ҹجε£Ҳģ㽫ǵ̩ۻ׼ѡ˼˵˳׿һ
׿֪ģСһСûģ㻹ð㣬һֹѡ¡
⻰֪ﴥ׿ۣϵЦһʧˣֱǸ䵭Įꡣ
пһ£ĵ׿¶ϵĿɲֻǽڹĵλĽǰ̣һǼһɲԹֲܰ
׿һ۶Ǹˣ׽ˣ־Ҫһӣ˵ԼСû⡱ȴѧɱϵ׽㣬еʧͱһȴǿ˿ڡ
дһ˿ײᣬҲһ˿飺Ϊʲô񣬶ñĻǡ⹬ȻһֱֻǼˣһֱһ˵£¶֮ǰǾĺûʲô֮Ψһĳ·ǳ˽ֳ֮ǰ»ӡ
׿վֶôһֱδУ˽˿ﲻʲôҰɣ
Ȼἰľ£ԭЩ߷ߣ⻰ϽͷеĻҡ
׿ˣɫԽˣѵѡ£صģЩʲôˡΪ²ǸԸѡˡǽ㣬òҪٶţ򡭡
ΪóԸѾʹĴۡԣװĽ㣬Ҫʧ
Ҫһֱȥһ·ǸĸµλãǸ˫˫ȥҲƭԼ˵ѡûд
ݮͻȻ֣һСľͽһжĶһ飬ӭԸɡ

13

æӦУȻֵܽͬģʹǰһһ䣬ں󹬣ҪΪļٹ
ͣƬַ̣СȰ׿ҲСˣҪǰȥ¾Ͷ˰ɡǰʱңȰȰ㣬Ժˣ£Ҳ࿴ˡ
Щ׿ֻûһתߡȴ͸űŵıӰ֮Щ顣
ܣԽ֪Խãǰ׿飬һ漰׽֮ˣȴһ
֣ϵһ´磬ȥһǸˣβñĲŮͱסˡ
ͷҲ̧ĳȥȥˡ
ʱ򣬰ξͷۺ࣬㻽䣬ȥ˳ԺһˣλͱϷ˺˻ں̫ҽ׼ǰٳԺ벽
ս˴ĸԺӣͿԺվһСˣʹĸߵ˵˶һЦ
ǴүˣүߵСӦ񡣡
Ժŵ˼˰ΣȻҪʰԬϺҶүܿ밢νȥ
ҶүĶţСֶŮҲǺͰ׵ĲСιɵǰҶү˰㱻ԬϽеš
ҶүŶ׽ĸŮˣЩп̲סŪΣѾͷСʱǰԵأ˭뿿ĸñȥô󲮸ҹˡôڿţǱСŮľֺأ
үûԩʲôɶĹͣûϵ
Ǵүͷ⣬ҲҶҺԺΨһҡ
үõĵԬһۣ豭˼ڲ裬׼뿪ˡ
ղ˵֮£Ҫ˶⣬ׯλĪõñˣǣ˼İӣ̰ī޴󣬱һϰ쵽׵ġλׯүΪֱ¼ǣеĿԼմõġ
ԬӦˣŰš
תת飬״ʵ󲮸ô𣿼ղùңҺҪȥ鷿񣿡
չңֻǶԺҶүһ򣬼ֱĶӡ
죬סԬϣСƵİοĸѹңдأǻһֱġ
ԬЦЦεֻݣһȥˡ
Ͼ޵ʱŰεĳЩ¡»ʱۣΪĸϲáһġôȥˣûʲôĵˡ
浽ʱǸŮĪܵҪĺӡԼķһ·׷˼ҹ׵ͷ˵˵񶾶áһ̿ʼֻӵĸףһп޵ĽɫˡˣӦӦڡ
ֶţ⻰˺ôһ˺ͿˣôܸС㽲Щ
ֲңϣһ˳죬Զʶζױ䣬ҸԸ֪һЩ̻ڼ֮аϧԼƴԼ
Ҷү뿪ԺǰԺ鷿ߡ
Ӧȵѵүţ˵ҪһأСү϶ҲŶӵء
뵽һ˫ŮŶڵҶүԥһᣬǹȥԺӡ
ӣԼġүһ˫Ůʮ簮үҶĬʮˣסԺϡ
ǰ˵һҶĬȥԺס˵£үԺΪɸˡӴԺҲἰˡ
һ˫ȤĶŮڣүȻԸԺȥˡ
ûʲôһɲġԣ黹Ƿ֮飬ӵеʱһҪúϧúάϵ˴˵ĸ飬ԷҪ뿪ҲҪԼ͵ϵȥĲ˵ģҪߵġ
⻰ΪȻ
˯ǰ̫ˣһҹξҲЩˡ
οѾŮԼ͵͵һԺ￴ŵƽʣǽŵæµţ϶ϲЦݡ
˺þãȻ뿪ԼԺߡߵ·ͻȻ⣬һ·СǰԺǸֵĵطȥ·ȴͻȻһԲӣȥȥ·˵ιү˵ˣЩӲԺӣǰԺȥɲҪūΪѣҪȻӿҪˡ
ӳһЦֵ˵ﰡӽһ죬ȰȰʲô˰ʲô˵֪֮ûǸӵٷѾĻҲûõġүҪˣĻп춺һСѾͷ氡ȰɣǻģүСúðͽͽǲӿˣ˵ܰ˵˵ûԺһϯ֮ء
еİĵǸӿ˰죬ͻȻЦˣں˵˵˵ˣԶ᲻ҵģȢ˶ٲҲᶪҡھȥȼ˸磬ͰЩѧһ
μƹǸӶûгɹǸȴͻȻˣ˹ȥ
°ɫ۵Ư˳̵ͷүСĸү밲СķŰιȥ᲻ᡭ
ĿһۣĴ߸·ϣ˽ӣס죬ȥشã̡
οӱǴ߸СһˣһˡǻûòȻˡ
ڶգ֮յ˾ϲİǱġ󾸹ʷᣬȷ֮ϬȫڵģֱҪ;
⡶󾸹ʷϾֳϸѡģһƬ⣬Ҳܹˡ󣬻̾ķ飬Ķ
ֵʱ򣬰Ȿ鵱˹ãСǳ֣صĴѡ˼֣רעϰʱ˱ʻ裬ĸоһˡ
ҶҶλͬڹӼ飬ҶõܾȻһ󾸹ʷȥЦĶۡ˻ظʱ˵ʲôҪҶȥ￴һСõķӦ
Ҷۼ⣬һžͿ鰸ϰڷŵǱ󾸹ʷˣ̲סӴ˵ãôô԰Ȿ㾹ȻĿˣ
ҶҲ¶Ҳ֪ϲʲô͵ģһû뵽ȻţϲﻹһߡͷҲ˸ɡ
˰ΣֱԵˣ´ιǸҴСɣҾã׹͵ʺĲˡ
һڼ鷿ӦоеҶһãȻʲôС


14

Ҷ⻰һˣܣ鷿ųҶϲ澹Ȼûзҳӣʵѽʵѽã㿴Ҵ˰ɣ¶ǵҶС
Ҳһͬ飬Ǵ󷽵ĽױС˳ȥ׽ǷĹ£дֵĹ£ȿһף
ȵλҲˣԺǰδеϾʱŵġ
ԭںͽ˵ЦҶڵһվȵĵ˵
ϱ˷ţһ᣺ʵڵȥǾ˳Ǵĸ˵¡
ĹүιʰһĴǰĸģ꺮ůǵĴҲ첻ѡ
һǰģ߹ȥͱס֣ɺЩˣûﲻͻȻεǰŻˡҪŤ˽ţ͹ˡ
Ҷ⻰ͻȻԵһƬĸ֮ģʵڸˡֻ⻰ȴ˵ˣӦЩˣȥ밲Ŷԣ񲻿ɷϣؾǹء
úӣһصġˣܾĸŮ֮䣬ЩϵĶôãˡ
İε֣תԬֱԵɩҽȥġ˵δּңϾǸֶŮסҲʡ֪ɩСͺãգԭҲ˼ڣֻʵڵǣɩһҵ˼Ů֮ɡ
ֿλĵҪ˵ɩôϲŮӣӦð浽㱧ǡ⺢Ʒò˳ڣǳЩԿ˵дԵءʵڰ浽ڴɩʣԲ˴ɩһֱҪһŮԸ浽Ҳܸ˳һЩ
ҶͻȻἰǲ죬ȻĿͷһ˼ģ
ԬϽţ֪˴ĸ֮Щվ⻰ЩӦ̲סԱƣԶһЩ
ϵĻȴδ˵꣬Ӻһڲ裬ֵУյЩʹͣӺͶڴɩɣɩҲһ͹ȥɡЩӦţøױ
Ԭ̧ۿ˿ѵõĺƢ浽¶үʹкˣĸĲţ͸͵÷ˡ
Ҷ⻰͵̧ͷԬϣˡ
ԬȴһҲʩϵõĽû˰ɣΪˣж㣬ҪԺӡһҾȥ̫ҽһͰҡĸҪͷȥ˵һ˵⺢ӣҪȥ游ĸ밲̫̫ҵԺóŰ벽ˡ
ڹ͵ЩҶˣͷҲ͵ĿⷿȥҴˣҲҪѧŵԼļˡ¶ǵľͱˡ
һͣˣ֪ѾͷԺûвð̫̫ȥ˵,Դ޽ţλû˳۹ʹͣɲֲ,װױ˱ˡ
ҿӣӦûʲôëﲻģżԺӵ£׼Ⱥ½㼷һԺӿǽѷֵģɴһ顣ʹͣСӼҼҵģﶮô࣬ٲ£Ū֮ҰæչŰɡ
ɽţ⻰˻δӴι˵ã˵ʲôѽฮǧС㣬ȻԼԺӶûУҪͽ㼷һԺҪǴ˳ȥЦ˼ҵĴУĲûãɲ˵ģ˼̫ҽġʹ͵£ҪúýأҪȻˣ²ɲɡ
ϱĴɤŴ̼Դ˵һ£޲Ӷ˺ϵ졣ɩˣ⵱ȻֻʱģԺӲúˣȻͰȥˡⲻǸջСٴһЩȻҪѧЩġ
ϵɴ۾ŵĿϣ⻰˵ģѵ˼һǲʱģѵԼԺӣǻȥһ£һ£
ҶƲãϽҶˣһˡ
Ҷ浼״ԥһ£Ҳˡǰԥԥģ˵ĸ֣֮£ŮǳӦøȥġĸ᲻ãƽ໽ˣպŮҲġ
˵⻰Űʹһɫʾǰ̬
һ޹ĺţһҲ˵ʲôģҶʧĿһۣŲ鲻Ը뿪ˡ
ϱһĻŴ죬ð춼ûгǲǴʲô˼ɵֱŲԼŮԱߣĸŮ˽ͷӶ˵ľ
αĶĸֱЦԬη
ȺŪǰ˵͸ˣӴ˵ãǸ浽ʱֳʲôû㻹Ҹɩ⣬ǡ˵£ӻأôˣһҲ˼£͵㲡ˣԺҲʰˣֱӰԼԺӲ͵ˣȥϹɶ
ˣǼƢʵҪͻȻˣԺͲúˡ
һƣһ뵽˺ģɴȻȥѸԤĺöҳáһȥ㣬һȥԺȥҼǰգܲǸԵ˼ƿɫʽСøʣɴҳ½һ֣ǲ廨ʡ
Ҷõɴ۾һĿϣʵ벻ͨôС˹ȥġ
οһ˵ģ


15

һ޸ġ
ҶҪðˣε߹ȥߣڴĸסɣٰҲ١ǰӣԺĿⷿ©꣬ѶŲȥ᷿ˣⷿ޺֮󣬶һֱûذأûطסѽܲúҼһŴɣ
ϵ˰װģݺݵĵҶһۣô˵
ҶЩίĵͷ⡣
תΣЦȻĸ᲻㣬סհɡ
һɵĵͷҶġĸǿɲԵҺȥԺѽԼȥѡƿ
޵ֱҧȴò԰ο˰μ䣬ֻܴúϢ¶ù֮ġ
˵ЩʱͷϵĹűòϣİ档
ƫƫϻͣ˵ĶԣЩ£һСӾͱˣȱʲôʲôء
ۿҪĶӣλһסҶ£ҽһ飬Щҽһ¡
뿪ˣһۣĳһӹһٵҸС
ļŸͷλƵĵҶԶָҶĴţӣС˳ӣȷλǱҶҵ˴ˣ
С˳ӿĴүǴô˵ģ˵ǹһˣͱҶҵˡǴ˵ҶһˡҶ֮ģ˼Сﱻү̣ˣżæ˾ˡ
ļŭЦһӳ鵽˵ϣŵС˳һ߸ߡ
Сӣү㶢ˣŪˣүû㣬˦Ӹ˭أ
С˳ȻεĵӣūⲻǷ𣿶үǻھأʱʱ̵̿˶أҪǾôҶҪȥūŹţȹͼСӣ͵̤ȥ߽óˡ
ļһүôûӵĵŰݷãύȥˡ
ҶӱŰθСԺ˻СĲУȻ־˵ϰϲٽ׹͵©ˣ̫Ӧˣ̫ӦˡҶһ׼úøԼҵõܿһ£˳ȥҵ»͸õӭҵ
һȥǰԺҶҶ飬ҪһС£ҶȴŻȥ顣ţŷĹ˹˵һλԳļĹӣ˵ݷλӵģһλڣӼһ¾С
ҶƵԼܣʹʲôʱύļҵˣλһ첻ߵǿСһЩ
ҶζĿһۣҡͷʶǿͣͷȥһ˰ɣȥ󿴿ٻȥжһк֮СЩĵ̫Ͷˣ˳ȥ游һܱġ
Ҷ鱧ˣҶţŷӦСӻ˼ԼֵҲһ첻ߵˣ⻰̫ˡ
ҶƬ̣Ŷǹµĵǰ·ȥддͻȻŵϡ͡
ϻƬ̣ͻȻԸѾʰ
ˣһׯϣҲģҵùȥһ
Һ֪һŵΪʲôΪֱׯϣòǰȰˣվѽˣү϶Ҫظڵġ˻ڸй˵ɡտأȥˣȵظʱǸӲᡣ˵ʱ븮̫ү̫̫Ҳ
˵ţСѾˡ
ԬϽţлδᣬֱӿżɽ⣬λԶʵˡ
˰֤ɽ˵õѾǰˣų̿Ļǰ˷ҪѺˡ£ŶѾ֪ˡϵ˼ǣڰӳ䶨֮ǰκ˲ׯ˽ӴǾԲΪκ˵ġкǵĽӼׯŮ죬Կóױһ⡣Ǹ겻ڼУ𣬺úóһѰ·ġʱһҾʵ˼ңһױúýǹ޳ȥɡ
ϢʧɫԬߺԼû˶Ѿߴӵ˼Ѷ¹˻ȥһ
ڶһ磬ϹȻţһȥԺˡ˵ûϰеĶȴҲѪһΡ
Ժϼλɩͺ޲Ƶˡ
ԬҲûʧԣ˺̫ҽϲǣһͬǰģк̫ҽʦԺһʮ߰ꡣοģȻλꡣ
ᣣοɫȴҲΪѡ
úλҽ߲λﱥͷʹĥĲ⣬üĿȴȥϸ֤һȷƷ˿һЩʱաһƿҩÿ˯ǰһ裬ʱĿ°ɡ
мǣÿֻܷһ裬ɶУڹͷʹκ֮ǰκβʣֻеһλöԷҽ߲ҵҩϰߣҩ壬ùﲡˡ
ⲡķѹ򣬹ֻܰʱҩ˯볣죬ؾӸôôԽ泩ڼͷʹԽкô
ԬӦ£Եĺ˳ȥ
Ժ̫ҽһԬϸϽʵ֪λСǣԺȻˣô
̫ҽ΢΢һЦһصĵҶˣλɲҪСƣǿǽҵĺˡҪ˵λС㣬һи֮ˡͷʹ֢֮ѳ缲ԭʦҲüֻ֣ܰŵҴƱ˵ܸεġֲȷα겻αû뵽ɸֶˣȻѰСⲡˡ
Ҷңֱ̩ۣͨһ˵ϣ
ˡλΪҩǿĨ˼䣬żͷʹ֮ġǵļĿҲҪʱգڣκҩǿһҩпܴ̼ͷ
거΢ڵأؽ߾ܣٽ֮κùʩȰҵ常һңվǣʱճˣ常һҪ
ʲô֢״
ޡڡʡ㣬ҩǿĨ䣬ʲô֢״
Ӷ˶ͻȾ纮֢֮ȻȲֹ˻쳣ͷʹѣ˼άңЪ˹Ѱҽȴκ쳣ȵȵܳܵļޣͻ˯ѹѾĨˡ


16

˭Ҳ֪һ̩ۺͽϣԴ鷿˵ʲôҲ޴ӵ֪ȻһƬƽֻ̫ҽԺϢĶһλС̫ҽ
ε˯ǰҩ裬ټԬߣһҹ֮ͷʹ֢֮Ȼࡣ
ˡ㡱ֵҩСԽãÿҪȥ밲£Ŀա
˼ĸŮطλһ̲סҧгԹޣҲһҧڴ׽֮ˡ
ĺٴαǺˡãĸŮǱʵĺáСһһ취׼Ծȡ
ҶǰһձŲһӣѹһѶֻûͷĿڸۣƫƫΪԬ֮ǰϢҪȥׯҲˣ⣬ǰҪƲˡ
ǣһ밲İκͽҶһҺ⡣
ͷһҹ˲˯£λﻹȻȥɣˣūһλТĴﵽ
ѽ˴ûУҪҪȥĸͷһ
Һƴǣ̾λ㣬ҪúȰȰ˼ҲСˣô¿أѽҪǱװȥĸ밲಻ѽ
αֵĺ᣺λһҪǵðǸʰŶһ뵱лл׼Щءˣ㣬ĻƿѡûУûѡĻ밲ʱһȥĿⷿɣѡ
ҶºҺ춼һΣǻƿʵԣѾһβˣأĻóʣµǶ
ﻹһĸ͵İƿأѾˡ
㣬Ͳˣĸĸģ͵͵ģôһأİɣײƫĵģ϶ͰѸıˡ԰ɣλƯ㣿
ҺĸѽֻǴͷҴ
ҶºòײŽ˺ˣǰСﻹҺ죺ǵȥĸ١
˼ţֱͷʹ
ʱ򣬰ιȻҶ밲վɱͷȥʱڼϡ
ͷϴһӣλҪ
һֻŻ⣬µ㣬ҹȥ㡣
˵Сȴûĵǰ֮ԶһȥˣҶԱߡ
ڵһˣͷϵĹžȻĻû˻״ǵðϡĶơ
ﵹ裬ٸ򡣡
ˬӦˣһһž˵ͣɺЩˣÿСĸʹĸѾˣոҰԺӡҰ˼ңȥһƣҪʲôءУںҾҪȥϿˣīֽⶼҪ׼ĸôĸմǽüһȥ֣ȱʲô˳ˡ
ͻȻúȵĲ趼ǿģСָʱܻɵӣͱĿһ¡
ƫƫλĵĵȻͲҪһȥˣˡдĸĸȥأﲻصģֻҪҺͽ㱸ӾͺãܲôĸæķıΰɣˣϲĶҿ԰Ŷ
ϣԬϻüɫĻ㱨˵ˣҺͽ㲻ÿȥ밲ˣϲ徲ڲУ뱻˴šˣȻ˻ǹȥġ
ԬϿԼС⸱ƤģϲĲС
ʱСգοʼ̵ĲƲĥһ
ʰҪȥԼԺס죬ٳˣͻȻԬϵڣˡСﵽ˻ȥҳѣڿ飬һԬˣԺÿ춼Ҫĸ˯ĸܽҵĶȥ
ϼˣЦⲻ֪ģΪԶ޳ȥˣʮ궼زءæģҪΪԼϷĶˣרŹɢĸŮ˵ء
˵ǰңʵһЩΣù˵Ķǰһ͹ȥˡ˲һȥεԺιһȦ۵Ϸ˵ԼϾһۣ˳ףһµ顣
˵Ż˵̫үظˣϷ˵Ժء
Ͽ˿ɫȵ⻹ʱأվˣ
ҶүݵʱһѾиˡϷһ߷Ըϲ裬һʵôô磿ǳзʲô£
ҶүһҳѣѾߵķ²ϴһŻˣһߺȲ裬һߺл䡣
ޣһ߹ģȻͬѰʱֱŤʱһЩͽǢ
ʹˣëԽԽࡣΪ˱˴˶һЩ缸꣬ھͲһԺסˡ
ÿûҶүضҪ޷һϷ˻лһЩ£ҲһǸ֮ĹϵĴС¡
үҲӲܻϵ£Ϊ£ʱ򻹻һϷ˿ĽǶһڲͬ˵ϼ䣬éٿ
µĶּոǷ˰٣ǻؼҺúһ¡
ϷƵĸҶһ裬Цʵģֵúͱ³˰ɣ¿ʲô¾ٴ룿
糯ϣȥһʱҪùͬУлʺְһء
ϷΪ׼


17

ΪҶͻȻظŮǾǰɢˣæȥˡ
λԼԺӣתתתתѲһȥС鷿׼֡ԼĹΣÿҪдҳ֡
ոսֽ̿ӾͶһӹ𻨸⣬һСӲӵϡ
緹Ե٣ȳԵ㶫һдɡ
μС۾һϽ֣һƷ
ⲻԼСŴóˡǰζεˣɽЩӡ
һЦ¹ʱʰʱ͵͵һС
γųţͻȻȥ游ĸһЩ
ԺϷһѪָ̩ҪĹһȥ⣬Ҷ͵ĿԼһۣͷˡ
ϷˡŶһɵ濿ȥ
ⲻ¶꣬³λǳ˾֪λεĺڣټ̫ɽţ˼ҹţ˼ţ˻ʺλɲȱʲôˡ
үʲôأֺͱִˣ¹꣬ʮ˰ɣѰ˼ҵĶɣȢʣҲһġһǶ룬ǹ˺󣬽µģǿɾ˳ĵճˣҲʡĵ֮Ҳһ׮ˡ
Ҷ⻰ЦҡͷϷûûϵŮ뷨ȻǸ˵ףⶼǱµļ£
үΪڳϱͷʹһЩǣŹļ䡣ʱǵ㽹ͻɢˣָֻүеĵ
裬ƵƷ˼ڣŵظ֮ˣԵǻβѡ֮£һֱ躣Ĺλ˵ʲôֻҪְܾ˼һ˺󹬣˭ϡ˭һʲôϵֻҪ֮ϣ²ҪͿϷ²ġ
Ϸ˼ףЦת˻⣺ǰռ밲˵ٽڣֵĺܣҪżȥϹһ䣬ҾӦˣϴ϶ҵĺһ𣬴żλúùһȥ¶ˣ˻ãҿѾͷ͵͵ĵĲˣøЦ۾ˣСѾͷָء
˵ţׯһһӶ˽
̫үϷˣСո͹ġС˵ˣҰɽȥժģժæϴģǵɹķģɹʱҲгģԣĺóԣΪֻһ㣬ֻԺһЩ𴦶ûеġ
ׯѧŰεӣһĲ游ˣŮТĸġ游϶ˡ
Ϸ˿ҶһֹۣסЦ㿴϶Ժӵʱ̫ˣߵʱԶԶƼˣСŮŵöԼó㿪ˣ쳢쳢
ҶһϸϸƷ԰յ˵ͷҲζĲ⺢ӣЩʱտӦˣһЩǺͷҿ⺢һͨ͸ģֻҪĴҵġ
λ˾λЩӣмȲʱ̽䱸ţȴƫҪǿ򶨵ģôӵùڵ۾ء
Ϸ˳˼Ƭ̣˵ͷ⼸տǻ࣬ͼദҲȻˣǻҪʱ䡣⺢һظ֪жģȴһͨ͸ġ˭һģϲҲ⣬ҲνЩʱգദ϶࣬Сһ𳤴ȻϤһЩʱ˵£һСľͻţ⺢Ӵûһ˿ĸоƺġ
ϱЩ궼ȴԹޱԹޱǸģС¶Ǽ˵С˼⺢Ӳˣҿǰ׽˼ûС׼һ˵һ˵Բȥˣٲӵˡ
Ҳָ䣬ִ֮ȴǰڳһίȫȫ˹˵ģձׯϣÿλһҪֳԼ½²ܣȴƫҪ˼ҵŮôŵɱҲˣǶ겻ϻèˡ
Ҷ⻰Ǻֱ֣˫һ˹ȥǲ£ˡҲһŵģ˵˵ӣ߽ޣϱ£͵úúý̡ͷǶ½һЩЩöСŵҲҲ
һһģ˵˵ʡĵĶӶϱǸ˵˵ϵ£²̹֮˲٣ѵ£ٴ
Ҷἰε̩۽˼磬ŵľҪȥҽȴʵ۱ֹˡ
ап࣬ƫʱַ̩˰Ҷܱ涼λСӵճ
ļаȻ׷ҶȥˡУӡǸҶһûӵ˼ãɵĽӭȥþƺò˵дš㰲̫ߴ磬˼ҸļȢ׵£ôˣ
һֱװľͷ˵ܼСĴ̫󱾾㣬׼ӣĴռйϢأ׼ȹЩӹĲˣҪڹһͻ磬ʵĹﶼΪļҵλ࿴ء
̩۷еָܱûԸĹɲʺĴӣһģҼǵñߴ󽫾һŮʮָǿ뷨ӰƸ̫ڰ׿ѾӦԼˡ
󸣲զࣺ߼Ҵ
Ĵӿǰѱµˡ
ξȺյҶүĶʮӺϷΡСԾĳͣѵТĹͷˣǼôֵǮ
İΰᵽԺӻ᲻ӦҹҲš˯ǰصİǮϻӳһӡ
Ϸ˵Ŵҵ棬ЩӺںһ𲹸Ȼ֮ࡣ
֪ܵϣÿλֻжүүѧүѾˣʮӦ껹ġ
үСƽʱĳã֬ˮճƷīֽȶǴӹгģһҲжɸгǮģڻжľϲ
ӳڵģʵĽˣҶʱ۾Ҫˡ
ϣԬ͵͵ĸ˰һƱСţŹֵʱáȻûиƱȴڰλ֮󣬾Ͻָһѵ
ԣٲȻѾһСˡ


18

ΰָͷ㣬ЩҪǻһȥһˡ̵ĽǮϻպãֽԿãϴ˯ȥˡ
εԺֻѾߺĸСѾߣɨˣʱӴΣҲ˹šԺˡ
ԱС⣬ǰʹġʱСǮϻӵԿףаȫССڴϣĪ뵽̩۵Щʹ̲ͣסֹҪԺյµʹ;ͺˣҪǱֱӾ͸ˡ
ڶһ磬ڰææµµΪ׼ʱ򣬹У̩ͻȻ糯
ѾкöӺˣȴͻȻּ⣬糯ȡˡ²̩ΪմҷĹμӼ£Ƣء
һలοҲûʲôλһ㣬żȻ͵һΣǿɲûɫľŲšеСģջд˷ɵӡ
Ǿһ˽һᣬɢȥعæµȥˡ
һߣҶȥֵĶ飬Ҳװˡ
°ɫĳȹҶ̣ʵòһϲɫߺɫ𣿽ôѡһ
ĻβĿһͷϵɫһ䣺ǹȥģȻҪ͵ˡҪ̫ۣλɴءֻ밲Ĺ֣ٲͽˡ
˵Щ߷ˮ߼ϲʵԬϺϷ˵ϲãβһ°ˡ
γƯɫְףɫϣҪ֡ԴңλıܿɫѵʱҶ浾ѡ֮Ա°ɫ
ΪҪΪ㼸λС㣬Խչֵص㣬һŸһǽ巻ǰŮƷģǶѵġӣǹ䵽ˡ
ӵŸλС㶼ջһڼҶ¶ֻаһֱֿտգƫƫֹ²
ÿҪЩӣǴӲȽһЩġеЬӣôǰ֪ҲͰˣ֪ˣǻһɡ
Ҷһ˵һȥЬһ˫ֵĺչɵĺǰκɴģһ·һһģֵġֻǺͰȣʵ̫ˡ
գգƯĴ۾һŵ˵㣬˵꾩ҪŶ
ҶһεЦЦȻתȥѡˡ
ԱмλѡĴСҶ浵ĻЦŰεЬӣ˽šλ벻⣬䣬ȴŲԶһʹһɫ
ûһᣬǸ˾һ˳˰ͣ£ʰλС㣬ҼӺϲЬ׺Ժ׼ŸЬʽлбʽ򡣡
һ˵ӣ̾͵ͷ
ǣδİǴһװϺõ顣
һ磬̩۽ּټ˺üλ̫ҽϢ𣬴ǶЩԾ
ҶΪ˻һһࣿĪӸ̫࣬ˣ
λʵ۱ȻյǻʱƢһ㣬һ㣬żһ㣬ں֮ϺͿһ㣬Тһ㣬ȴӲһ£Ҳȡȵ۱˳̵ĺûʵˡˣովǰǳƽٵĳˣ޲念ġ
λүѾ׼̽ʵ۱ȥˣϢ˳λӴ󵽸Ұ󹬴̽Ϣʵ˼һʵ۱¾Ͳ±֪ԭһȻΪĹλˡ
һ类ٽļλ̫ҽһֱ̫ҽη纮ĸ̫ҽٵ̫ҽԺԺˣһ⣬һѪͷ
ֱͷɴʵ۱ǿˣֻǷ纮أŷ˸ȣֻҪʱҩձܳȬ
˵ĹǰվͲ̹ˣ̫ҽҩӿûʱԡҹﲡˣһֱûп˽񳿣˶յԺˡļ֮·˺ͿȻֱ˱µ
̩ԭѾȥϳ·ˣȴʱ⣬һ˴ּ˽յ糯һ߸ĵȥ˺Ĺʦڵ˰̫ҽԺȥһССķ纮ȡ
Ϣ˳ȥһʱ䣬ĹҪĴԻ̩÷ƺĹٴδķз
ҵܵܽӷϴļ׿¥һ¥ʱ򣬾ü˶ڰԻʵİ¡
һ׽档
⼸Ҫ㻤ˣʱ䲻ȶܶȽСɰǿԵڶǣôôա

19

Ҷᶩ¥ż䣬׼Źһٻȥ
Ҷһ˵ʱǷʱһ¥Уʱʱ̸ָ
¥ݴмСܱ˵ۣҲ⣺Ҫ˵λ£ǿ壬Ϊ˹ѡ㶼ˡҪ˵¡
ǾǣҪ˵˼ҹͱ÷ŨģʺʵҲûʲô𡣱ں󹬣Ҳͼӣ빬Ҷǿŵġ
Щ˵̩۵ĺ󹬣˵ͨ˴Ʒѡ̣ȵʹ͵ļ˷Ʒĳڣˡ
ֵܾ֪ˣ¹Ȼмλѡ̺ͳڣǲǿõİˡǱ󹬣ӶԼеģż̤󹬣ǿ϶ĹĺĹġ
˵λڹֵϢҪͨһЩˣ̾
̩۳ǻʱͷöģҲûǸʱ䳣ȥ󹬺ңλү۾ءڽ£˶ţԽеʱֱ鷿ˡ
⹬ĹһҶˡ
ֻϧĹһûģ˵Ϊ֮ʱ˴ܹ̿ˣΪûһӣһֱڵţȻ裬ȴһֱûжҪȻʺı͵ˡ
ҲΪ̩۶Խϧһ굽ͷ͵ĹʹͲ֪ж١ǰЩӷһЩϡĹϹ̫һЩȫ˺Ĺ̩Լһû
ξʱˡʵ۱¡ۣСˡ
Ϊ˶䣬Ϊźۼĥƶλãľ䵽һ˺棬ҶỤ󣬼⸱ӣжЦ⡣ÿǱȸջؼʱöˣǴּġ
Ҷһ˽˵ֺŷֺŷУղ˻ĵ̩͵վ
ֺŷУļüͷһĲˬ£ǰЩ˴ȥģǹ˼ΪʲôᴫҪһˣΪμӼ¡Ǹ㲻ǵˣԴԽ࣬ǶԽкôҲЩûϹԵĴǳģúõ
׿˹ĳ˼ڲˣȻ˿ӣ̧ȥǲʲôң˵ɰѱ£еĻھͰ鴦ɾ
ļһ£žɫһ䡣
¥ܳΪǵһ¥ɫͷȻһһģγԵ⼫ˡֻǣһֵֹֹĸоܾڿתȥȴʲôûУ˶ɫ糣ĸо
òϣСҶһ˴Ӷ¥ߣ¥ݴֵһһɫȻһǰһ¥
һ۾Ǹѩİ꣬ǸӴ¾µӰͻȻ
ۼ걻˴ӵžҪȥţͻȻһҪĳ嶯ͬƻһ㣬͵ȹڴ׷˹ȥһֱ߶Ƚ䱸ŵһ׷ȥ
ȰܳȥֵѾ˴ӵ뿪Ӱˡ
Īһִʧ˺ҪĶҲҲعȥı˸С䣬СãȻĹ˺󣬴ͷɥߣģίֿ
ۼξҪײˣҪǰֹȴ͵ͣ˽Ų
űײ۵Сӣͷžµ汻ײ˻ð⣬һԲվ
ΧܣźۼĽȺ
׷ҶǼĺˣоһϽǰԼ󣬳ŶԷֵλֳ˼ˣçײûп·ײ˹ӣˡû°ɣ
ԼֳĻɵҲŸʩһҲ֪ǳʲôģӲĸһıӶҪײˡ
Ͳˣçײһ˶ź˾͸ҳܣΪֳӦúúý̵̵
Ҷ⻰һ㶣ֱȥ
깫ӱֶһ˫һȴյ˼κ˵ζ
Ҷϳ̩ۣһʧ̬վ̩ƴĸʹɫһǫĵл̵Ҷܽˡ
ź˲ã绻ʡӳ£ǻ֪ںء
̩һһɨӶѾ亹

20

׽Ĵ
οɲ֪̩۵ݣҽѵˣ̺еĴҶ˳ղҲãײ㣬ҾͺˣҪҽѵˣºҴ绹˶ûϵ˵ţڳһϿϴ̬ȣؾصվţСԴŰ
̩۸ղŻʻգˣڱ⸱ϤСģŪһʱЦûƢʧˣӵһҲû䣬Ǻʹǰһģһ
Ҷᱻδ󵨵ľٶһȺǳ񣬸Ͻ˵ţҪ˳
̩۵ɨ˹ҰβʱҶңǴΪչһʱյģɲ׵ġ
Ҷֻﲻԣܵջ֣ʶһ
̩ۣûŻʲôСͺܺãҪԼŵġ
ղŰ׷׿˳˻֪Ϊʲôһֱۿ̩ȴġһ뵽£ʵ۱µ׻ƽ޺޵Ŀ˻װȵСѾͷһּۣһ䣺Ǹý̵ģҪһ̵ģղððʧʧַܣ𣿡
ʱ˭Ҫ֣ȴûкµĸо̧ͷһ˫ƯĴ۾ɵĶ̩ۿ˼ۣȻֵͷһ۽һ۵͵̩ۣһҲСġôÿҪװŻˣѵˣϵģЦһЦÿ˵ִ꣬ǿһ䣺۾Цÿ
ĸҲһ˫һأǴЦų磬ŲǽѵءţСֵСԴˡһȽĹԣǲġ
εĻһڣ߾ġ·ˡǼ彩סˣ·ƶˡ
ҶһһκԼΪʲôҪϳʵ۱
̩ȴûԤеĲȻŭĿһֱ͵СһۣʹҴȥˡ
У̩ɤӿڣһ澵
δˣ粻ҪεҲ͵ܳȥˡЦһЦòã۾ƯЦÿЦһЦɡ
磬磬㲻ҪŻˣòãԺĻ㲻ҪѰڷأŰһȥǣòã
ºһ˿ǿ¸ҵСｻ֯Ժи֣Ϊ͵ǹʪ۾žЦЦЦȴɬˡ
ǰǸЦͱǰֻһʹʱҲĽ䱸뵡ˣȻȴѲɣ
飬꣬ǲࣿ޸ղǲǶ̫ˣ᲻ŵϲޣҲϲԼˡ
͵͵˲۾ЦСǲˣﻹǼűµġҪȻҲ˵ʹǰһĻˣűءСӵĲκˣȻͼǵñˡ
̩ۻ˹У˺ܾãֱһŵ˽˰죬´ָһ׿٣뿪ʼֱ˴λؾȥ飬ϸϸĲ顣ڶ̽ҵ˾ȳͻɽ
ڼݺĹ֪ͨģոʱϽϣԴ
öĿ̩һȥĪֳһ˿ᡣ
ҶӵĿ£գգۣ֪˱λĸͽǡҶӣ磬ǻȥɣĸǲѾϳˣ᲻ȼˣ
ղλǰ𣿡
γʵҡͷҶʱһ
ղţǱ̩ĪŪľ޲̴Űηɻظȥ˸Ͻʱһ룬־Լˡ
ҶһĽӰˣϵ£ÿҶ඼һԶ̩뽫ĹƵ̨ǰľٶ֪֮ġ
ոշǵĴֺõһЦ磬֪ˣҸղŲͻȻܳǵģĸҪǷ¡
ҶŰЦֻԽԽøղ̩۶Լõ̬ȲԡȻһר飬һСıɫأԼʱ˶ҪĿѣ
ҶԽԽͷۣԽԽᣬȥ游鷿˽յ¡
Ԭϻ֪ײ̩۵£ŹԹվѵСѾͷˡ
ֶֹֺߵСô͸Ҵ֮ͥ׷˼ҹܳȥؾԷľˣҲаƫƫº֪ϴϴ̬ãԭҲֱ̹ˡ
ԬΪѣɣ²⺢Ϊ䣬طԼ᲻á⺢Ҳ֪˭ģô̵Ǽҹǿɺޡ


21

ԬӲĳν˰£˸ճ밲ԺӰ벽
γһˣԺĳÿĸ밲òãԴӰԺӣÿչȻܵԬ˯ģηһղ䡣
ԬϰѱС﷢ԼԺӣԼڷо˰죬˻ҶԸȥ鰢˵λӵ¡
Ҷ£ǵĺܣûаɾӦˣĸˣл˼ҳôһӽԬϹĿһЩӣԬ沵ģҲ뼸λģҶԬϲıһҪȥļҸ磬ļҪƾܵ
겻첻˼ңӶ˰һݡԬãѡ˼Ů˼ң氢νӣľͶ׼ˡ
ҵȣԬϾǶ򱱺Ӷòѣˣ򱱺һӹҪδ
ԬϽ˦һԣܸɴ˾:ȥЩ佫ҵĹﶼ赶ŪǹģǼҵĹ治һȥ
ҶǷӿ˿򱱺ôͻȻӹˣǼҿɶֻ佫ġ
Ԭһһ䣺Ϊʲôûģ֮ⲻھơ
ЦŽλظգҦ׷ǰͷݵ˵˳Ҷ᲻ɷ
Ҫӵãýڼ䣬ڸŰɡСԺȥĻء£Ӧѧһѧ⾩еĹزҪġ
ҪҶż̩۵˵ҶԼֱ档ʱǲ˵Ŷóˡ
Ԭϳ̾һЩ׼Ӧµ
úýСİװֵģٸһ׵˼Ҽˣһƽƽ˳˳ģڿôͻȻþôء
Ҷỹûߣүˣ¾Ȳ˽յ¡
ԬĪĿһۣСǰһֱɽǽϡֶ࣬һʱûע⣬˳ȥ֣С£Ҳֵүһˣ
Ҷһˣ֪ЩһЩ״󲮣Ҳǹؾǹأ÷͵÷ý͵ý浽㵱ΪѧùأûٳԿ࣬վ˾һվһ磬㿴Ǻڵ̬ôڡҿҲøŽ̵ֺúѧһѧһպ㡣
ҶүѾ˴ǹལ׼ԬȴûЦЦ˵˵أҵһȺү˵һ˵⸮ԺӵĳԺȴöȣжġĲݣɲֻǶⲹӾУҲǵŹġ֮𣬴ǰˣĲλȻˣǲȥˣ򴫳ȥˣΪǸ֣ƽ˿ֲ˵Ҳ̫ү˷顣
ԣ鷳үתһԺĶúʰʰõģͳǵţЩͲˡ֪үһ˵ģ浽Ĭһү˦־͸ˡֻǹؾǹأøøģպүൣһЩɡ
Ҷɸþ͵ϢʦԬϱ۾룬֪Ҷ浺ﵷĹѾͷЬӷ£ûأĸŮȻˣԬȻ
ҶͷȴԼϵͬ顣ɫͷһѵȻϵɫԣ׵ˡ꣬˭ܰί׾͵ȥ˵ʧɢ꣬òײһˡ
ԼѹʽʤĪ˽յ̩ۣȻԼֳ︡һ뷨ŵˡ
Щ°ΰ㲻֪ԼԺӣͻһֻڷϽС۷䡣ǰÿյϰߣ˼ҳ󾸹ʷʶֵд˵շݵĴ֣صĻ˰컭ĵ룬ʶģѧ뷨
ȵϢ֪α˵ֵܽ÷׷ǰ̽ĿеСŹϹģ̵ĿӰЬǶء)?( ? ?? ?)?
õӣǽհŸõǺ飬ʱ򣬺˸͹ĵĶ顣
ֵܽþһ𣬻ЦȻٲˡֻҶ浣ȫ̳ĬʱʱֹŰΡһԭǣ˵㲻˵Ҿ͵̫ƽˡԣĪἵý㣬ѡӶ
ҹ˾ʱ̩յ˽հڰճҶ˵Ĵãʵ۱±ʾܲ
ţģ21±ڣУ

22

̩ٲãҲҶȥֻԼˡ
ǸҶᣬҶСеôҲס޲˵,ý̵ģʵһˣô˽ˣ޵ʱͲӦý˻ҶңѾͷһСҲ֪᲻ᱻŵ˵ֶޱˡ
ܹ⻰г˳ǣ˼Ҷ˵ǹǵŲòڳ̬˽ء˵СӽյӣɲǰǸޱӵģ
һҹʵ۱Ϊеǣû˯ãڶպ糯һ¾һɣҶɣֽȥ񲿣Эĩ֮ˡ
һĿ£֣֮Ҷнп࣬ӭĩԱ˺ȱֵࡣ
һЩ׼Ȱ𵱻ʷûҿԣѾ׼ôǹལ̩û֮ء
һеװοûտޱӣкöҪæء
ۿѽڽҪ׼һƣÿնҪռȥʱʱ䡣
ڸ߷׼һݴѾԬϰæֻкϢˡֻǵȴͳȥСǮϻӾҪˣҪĥһ׬ǮķӲС
ڹҪŽһȥѧˣԻҪǰϤγ̣õ˷ǰʲôҲᣬĸ
εˮƽȻԼ黭һ㣬ȴûһǾͨģСҲ٣ȻŬϰţڷܵǻ˲ټͼܡ
ԴӷǸСҩ裬ξʱз
絯٣ζʱüȵʱ裬ָµɾԶ͸Ժ
ҩ費ֻͷʹ⣬ƺ޸ļ䡣⼸գѾʱʱĻһЩǵļðȻЩˣȻһݣ԰˵ҲǾ޴ľϲˡ
һգԬϺʹү˵Ҫй֮£Ȼûûգ˴ִȥԺӣúò鿴һЩݵĶ˵ûվûˡ
԰ΣԬҲûһζݣڶվ͸μһŹΣÿոŴѧһѧǡǣԽæµˡ
⸱æµͣӣаֱĿաԬϿÿմ밲壬ճ˯СֱЦá
ΪԺӵ£ﳶҶɵӺһߣȴûõκλӦΪǷҪ̵ֵĻڴ̩۵ĶҶүڳԽĲ˳ص˼ҲǸֲ˳ģﶼ˳ۡ鷳֮£ﻹ鰲οһҶɫֺöȤչüͷ
ԭϹ˵ǷѾҶ浵˸ѿε£ټϽսʱܵĵ֮ͻȻͶԼԬһǿҵִ
ˣգʼҽԬǰ밲ˢøУ밢ʱѾڲס⡣
һգӼƼҵСȥκ;ҶЩƣ;δ˰վں߹Ӱһֹǰ롣
λҶС㣿ūǸϵģǴ󸮶ӽã־ҶСĲǰкͻС㣬ūǰѯ
ҶһĪĹܷ£һعصʹĵͷ
죬ļصһƺһݰֺų¼ǵ±ζ׿ķš
׿һ룬βȢҶүŮǼǸͷɲ̫ܴ
׿飬ͷҲû̧Ȼ֪£ͱˡǰ첻ǻ˵ֻҪҵǸСظ͸аôͱˣ
ҵСǰЩӹĸʹ͹λҶС㰡Ҷүյ׵Ů
ƱԼһЩԵõĵҶҽ˴ߺ󣬵ĽҪǱӴǺŪȥˡ
˵ôҵҶô죬һֱһڳأԭ˼Ҹฮ飬ؼˣﻹ뿪
׿ڷе飬˹һһʾ˵
¿ȤĺܣԻһҵʱǺҶԻʶأҶңҲһֱƣҶСһֱׯղŹ顣ҾЩ֣ȥһ顣ôţҶׯһֱסŵģˡȻҲһˣǺҵСǲԶˡ
үĻɣС˵һ¡ҶСʹ͵ʱżȻѲӪеϱģ˵Сʮһǰ߶£ǻæҹˣҶ˵ҵˣÿ˷˶лء׿˵᲻ᡭ
׿ͻȻȷʮһǰǸСﳤʲôӣ


23

ǰգүСǶżˣ׽˼ҿʼݷͽһʱ䣬ҶּˡԬæתֻϣûһˡ
ĸ󣬾ξͲˣӦ£ʱ˵
ˣЩ밢ûаֹϵСȴֺǵĺܡ
ǱʶѾˣĵĲ࣬Ҳһζϲ˶ĵطˣҲϲ˴ԼԺǵĸо
ĵ̣ĵ˻ͻȻҲûҰ޻񣬸·紵ɹҲõı˻᲻᲻ϲﲻϲԼϲ¡
Щڶ깤ˣҲˣ㿪ʼյĿСҶ͵͵͹ģ˵ǰ͸λϲĲˣֱֻ̫ƽˡ
ӼЩ嶫ǶдֵģֳС۾ѻʵ۱͵ϻСĥ
һͳţæ֮ǰƵ±ģȡ˻ʼŰ±
ͼÿϲԵĺ춹ɳڵģǸĵڵģĸϲ
±ˣǸ游ĸ󲮸ĸĸǣа嶼ȥһЩٸ͵һЩǻظʱٳԡ
ۼԼҹվ۾ת֪»ˡ
ǽζ±£һ˲ϲĶء
æ˴죬±ˣαСѾѿȥţȵҶظȥϷԺӣֻԼ鷿ʱ±ߵߵ˹ȥ
Ҷ౻ԼСŮĴ۾ţϽһ鳢˳ţãζ
δ۾תת󿴿ƣһдҪ˵СģҶүЦŻˡ
һֺãȴˣ游ܰ±³һ𣿱һϰպõĺûʵۣôʹͣлл¡ֽ̹ˣҶģ˵͵ģ游˵⣬Ǵʦ¿ζòã
Ҷүһҧͷϣ˵ȵˣȥϷ˵Ժӡ
ϷǺ棬⺢ӵʲôģǣƽʱɵĲУôӴʱͺ޲أ˰⺢ҪעһЩС
Ϸ˶Դ˳ʱҲЩԾȻˣЦŵ⺢û˹ȥļ䣬ǷܹⷽĽ̵ʱˣλߵľηȻ࣬ټӵ棬¸СӣҲãҲ֣ҾͲˣҺãкöҲʱʱ㡣ʵϸ֮飬ֻһǶԷݲͬˡ
Ҷϲʳһ򣬾̲סֳһ±˿ڲ裬ſڵճɲ˰Ҳ˳ĴãԭҪ֮չٹټҾġԭ˳лءֻǺĹλ鷴г޸λˣŲòաȥǻ֮
̵ĻԼԺӣߵĴѾҺء
ūҺС㣬˶ղС㣬Сȥһ
ΰָͷ㣺ǰջȥ밲ѽûжղѽﵱʱ˵пնȥĸǹء°ɣȥ𣿡
ҺһΣС̹ȥģӦѾ˷Ժˡ
θϽһȥȻżģϵԺϡҪڣ˵Ҫ۸ء
ϴʱڴǰҶ¸̾ǿأʲôһׯڣεĹ¿࣬᲻ȱǵģﻰľȻҶ¸Щȥ
ԭҶߵѾΪ͵ˣʱ򶼷˳ȥݺȸģ٣⻰ɫ
СЩΪûӦͱȱСҪ׾ˣ˲һЩȻСĶ顣
ҶȴѾԾûˣֻӣЦ
ɰһ̤˽ſڱʵ˭ﲻֻ𣿡ĴһȦ±ģ游ĸ˵óء
ϲòŷ꣬ЦӦ䣬ȻҲĨˣֱԵǴĸЩ죬ĵĸͶȥǺǱãҲöһЩЩӣ˲µΣȥϹһ죬ɸʲôˣ֪ǶǺúӣһѡЩΣһЩС⣬һ͹ȥɡСҵǲġ
˵ţְׯĪһׯϹڵ˵һ飬ȻһεĿŰν
صĵ˵ͷ˵е⣬û飬ȷͦġû𣿸ĸ׶ĺҶҵ𣿡
ϱʵĶͷֱҶЦñ˵ǹٻǧ𣬶ҼиĸֳأôܱǼҶҵأ
һĲ˼飺ô˵ŮأԼֲûŮҲߣﻹнѽĸ˵ˣŲŮأֻǮַֺõģƾ˺ޡѽô꣬𣿡
˵껹վȥҶۿҪˣһ㲼Σ˼ҿ϶ž۰㣬һȥĸæ˰ѱͻؼȥ˼ҹžȥ
ϵʱͳֻ᲻ʵǸҵĲӣֲ֣һӲģһִģȥĵء
β˵죺ôôƫأҺͽĿءׯǸţǽأĳԲůأءҪˣҪȸǽ׼С
Ҷʪ۾ת˱ΣŵЩ꣬ŮҲֻһЩӣĶǿĸʹĸǣǿ֧šŮûʲôöóӸ·ϵǳ̰ɡλĸ˶δŮ϶ʮ־ϲġ˵ĶԣЩ꣬ǿǷ࣬һҪ׼ġ
δ󷽵Сһӣûµģﶼ۳Ӱɣϲӡ
ϱ˵ׯҶ˳ˣﻹصȥƫƫ⻰޷˵ڡ
Ҳ㶫Ĺ˼Ԭϣֻͨ£̫ү̫̫һǱϾݣҲиġʱһׯҲ鿼һ
ŽԼԺߣ㣬뷨еʱְ벻ͨ


24

εϾȥԬԼΪν˼ҵŮӵ¡
ԭȥʱŪ˰Σظ֮Ƿ޴һܣϷ˼ָһ֮¾ͱȥׯס˺Щʱա֮ÿλظøֲڣܾÿ˿Ŀⶼָͻɣ˶ίѿ֮£ȥׯСסĴԽԽࡣ˵ΪӼį֪ıԶȰСŮׯĪӵŸ顣
ҶϷ˵Ϣιȥ
ŪСŮʧŮɣҲδʹ䣬áƫƫϻ֪㣬һܾίģÿλظҪֳŰݡȻŮܣȥ˼ҵĺˡ
һΣҶϷ˶ŭֱӽȫ˶˹ȥںݺѵүҶһͨϽ˼ҵŮͻȥȻڼŮúչҶ¡ϿŲϣ˵ǺӺľС
ϷԴȢԬܸɵĶϱţͽһԵĽ˳ȥ£˴̫̫ǳصģڡ
̫̫ͽ˻ϹܼҹȥԴˣЩ񣬽λׯͻݡ
˭֪ϰûãΪҶ粻ϳһ£ҶϣȻȥׯסλׯ˽ׯ˳޵ͷȻͽǸ͵ߡԺǺӾһֱׯϡ
ׯ˲Ů֣ԼŮܣҪȥ˼ҵŮ
Ԭ̾һкܶ˵뷨볣˲ͬǿ棬һԵͺáׯңǼҰˣϧͽһǸ
ڶգ̩۵İͷСɾµ±һ˿飬ͼֿζֱ̣ǹ𻨡춹ɳʡ̲衢̵ơȡ⡢ɲˡʵ۱һĶЩ±˺ð죬Сһҧһڡ
󸣴ȤҪ˵СӾɣҲһû¡Ĳ˵̲ΪϺûϵĵӣһ˾벻СмǹӲʳʲôϲ̿ڵء
̩ͻȻÿе±ζѽСѾͷֲ֪޵ݡʦʹˣԽͿˣȻһµСѾͷҪǽյĲޣһͷӻʵأҪһɫϵĻأ˵ΪʵۣղӦõ𣿰˵Ѿͷ⼸ѧôѧģ
Դ׵ģûԼ׵ģ£˵ѧʲôģ˼˼˵Ҷֻ˵˼ҸƳ¿ζһ⣬ɰûСӡ֪ǰġ
Ǽ±ʵ̫󣬵̩۽۵ٶԽࡣ
󸣿˿ʱѵ£ĹǱ߸ʱˣҪҪȥ
ϻװãԡʦһƬ⣬޾ܹˡ
Ŵ󾸳ĹأڹԱ죬տʼԣһá
̩һ󷽵ĻʵֽۣգÿԱƷߵ쵽ٽһ͵ȵСҲ쵽⡢±Ҷж̿жӡ
ԣһգЦտģ˴˴кĻ졣
˭֪ʱͳ¡
дϢ̩۲֪ΪͻȻŭԼǰν̫ҽԺĽС̫ҽؽΣ̫ҽԺԺΪ飬Ҳ˰ӡ
ѯʵĿҶࣺϸղȥ鷿ʱ򣬿ʲôߣ
Ҷһ£˾ûʵ۱¿ĿЩ֮⣬쳣֮
ĹУĹ޵ļʣ̩һԣڲĹǽսս֪Լܻܲ졣
Ĺ̩۵䣬޵滨꣺£檲ţ檲ţ첻˲ġЩ̫ҽ˵κõģ˵ֻҪ檺úõһܸһװֵСӵġ檲ţ檲ţҽ˾ϲ⣬϶ָʹ飬³¡
Ѷ̫ļ٣ôˣúõģô޳ǸС̫ҽ˵ʲôƶкβף
Ĺէˣʹ֮£Ҳ˵ˡ
ǽС̫ҽȻ˵Ҳ޷ˣֻ̫˵һ£ȻŭһɺԣϣɲһëӵĻѵб£̫ҽԺ˶ǰ費ɣ÷ݺݵķ


25

̩۳̫ףĸϢŭ顣Щ˲޼̫˳Ž֮޵֮ˡѾȥ̫ҽԺλ̫ҽомĸʥֽΪΡȻ˿Ϊ֮Ǵ¾ͲڣҪ֮ϣݺݵĻػСЩȷ˱õް޾˽ǽϣԴϵпڣٴֱּݴʺһͬ¹֮ڡ
̫ƽӺƣĵʴȣһȴѵõûȰϴӿֻĬ
ĹϣֻбһƬ̻̲ʱֻŲڵڵܻһЩЩŶͳȥ
˺ð죬̫ﳤ̾һ˹ˣʾƺ̩۶ǰ˵ǰ۰ĺӣֱ⣬һίģҶ᲻á꣬ڳ֮٣Ҳһֻ۱һֻˡᣬ罺ģҲݲˣžͱǸԧĶˣ˵ƶĶӾкϢء
⻰ԤУ̲ס˵̫ϥϣʹ
̫һȰĸĳʵúӣ㣬ǵΪҵ˴̿һҲû˶Ĺ⣬Ԫװ׳Ŀࡣ飬ҺͳġֻǽʱͬգΪȫµ˶@֮ءǲԭ˶ָԹռǵĻʵۣŻó޺󡣳㵮ãˣԶⲻˡңеʱҲ£պȥ˵£ȥڡ
̫һֱţļãʮȴʮ궼ӣȻòɡһ̣ȴ˱¶ƣ̬֮
ˣ˸Щ̫ҽǶȥɣؽһˡǱֳ֮һ󲻹Ϊ˵˵ú͹ɺ£ǵɡǼ棬ƶҪӣͲȥһˡ
̫ﱾֵ͵ĳ޴ӷ򣬷ӵԸЩӲڴָֻš빬ΪŮˣҲˡͻȻ˵һ̩ۺƶ𾪵ˡ
̫ߵĳֽȥԼӸµˣʰʰԬһȥٿסϼհɡϷģĸ˷úý̵
֮ǰ£Ҳƽ̫ˣ˾ȥ̫ҽʲôȲˣҾȥٿСóһµľ飬ԴΪɣʡպٷͿ
̩ǰδڣͱֹ̧̫ˣ¶ҲΣƽ̫һЩˣ͸˵ˣԽŰĵô󡣻Ϊһ֮պµԹΪأ򲻿ˡ
̩۴סеĸ֮ɫ̫һԸȥҪٿȥ
нѣǽվ̫˴ˣ̫ܵҽһ֤ʵС̫ҽԷ飬ӵһþͶҪˮˡ
Ժڣ糾͵ҶսݣҶϷһͨ֪ȥɽѰʯͷȥˣ֪ĻΪǸմĸųأǿҺӹ̫ãŷһǣǰɣϽԺӣʰɾܼٹ
ϷҪҶүһʵЩǱһӲ˵ҲǳƫһɫѣĵԽԣϥǺĵطƺˣĵһӡ
ˣҲֻץץͷЦʵһ·˼簲ŵˣ˵ǵҵˣӲǱƭ˰ɣ
Ǳվм䣬ӣĶҶϷ˵ķӦֻҪһҡͷͻҡҡ׹ȥ
ԺĴӱɴƳľһĻӴ˾Ϳ̵Ժ
ǰĻһ

ЦӯӯǰҪȥĸ첲ҶһӾϽתȥʹĨһᣬȴŪϸˣԽǱ
һѩ׵ӵݵǰȵ˹ȥİϤС˹һŮһǱ
ôŻô˼ҵĺӶеֻûУֻûеֻû壬ҲûУﲻϲǣﲻϲҡ
ѹĵ׵ģһڱ˳Сҵ˿ɽһһ߿һ߸״һ߸״һҪ
ԺȥҪôãҪѿǣСҺͷƯľҪ


26

ͻְᷢЩССҪ󣬶һʱ򣬸ڼҶѾŮ׼ġ
ʱ˺߷һɽȥ棬ײϳţѾΨһ顣СѾͷÿε⣬϶ҪСҫһµġ
ĽĲ˼ҵĶĽѾ۰ĵ
Ϊ߷ҲǱŷһЩѰ׼ֵľϲ̵ֹľӡκССڼķذףַƵȹЩ˰εıðװţҶ
Ҷ޵ĸˣУУҪʲôЩ꣬˺öǮ½
ׯʹ˳ȥֻʣҶϷ˺ͱͷʹ޵ĸŮ̫̫ŪҲᣬ˰ŲͷĻָˣˣˣ޳ʲôӣϽظݣʰɾٹͲˣһԼȾһ۰ɡŻҲܵˣʱٳԲ
λصԼԺӵʱСģСӺ۽ǶģӺôһôһͱˣ
ȵС±ƯƯģԺȥĿţӿԵıˡ
СԺˣͻȻеĻͷȻ˻һѱסҪѹҲǰεˡ
η֣ô˵ˣҰѹˣͷõζҪûˡ
νϵԺӣһ£ȥһӵҶѾſڡҪһԶţ޲þֱܵŮԺſӭȥˡ
οû˴ӣҶмȴ˼ĵðźС죬ͷɥҶ˺üȦ̾һ䣺ǵղŵӸÿžر̤ʵɿڣĪСЩ޸֮İ
⻰ĲһûѾͷ񲻺ãǳأղǸҰ˵ӻÿҪС˸ţΪĸҪĴˣû
θܵϵŭ̾Ķ㵽Ҷ󣬶վſڵֺõһЦҲôðɣ
ͷϵĻԽԽҵƣʶıС죬ͬĿԼǰһۡø͸С˵ˣԽԽȫֺÿģȥ˻ᱻץŮġ
ΪʮһԲѽڣ϶ѵõ¶һ棬ûκƻյ¡
⼸գȴһƬ£ÿ·ҷǵŭСĳǸĵù
󸣶һյͽ鷿£ЪϢһɣδţūһ뺣͹ٳԼڣϵĹ绹ҪһЩʱء
̩ھд֣Ѿ˺һֽһдһ֣ŷ˱ʣˣ׼ȥĸһ֡
󸣲ȰˣֻЩǵһԡ
̩ЦſһۣصģеʱԽûжۣԽǲ׽Ӱ£Խǵע
٣﹬磬Ҳֻ̩ĸӣϹٵĿļϯ
ԭһգҪȺͻҳԱģĹһ̫ǲϹµģֻˡ
̩۹Ȼڼȥٿƺã̫ʱʱشϸƵƵ̫󲼲ʢ̫Цݲϡ
ĸ󳢳ϱ߽ģĺܡһζ嵭һϲųԣǱһζĸҲһ
ֺ̫ǺǵĽʵ۱¸еĲ˳ˣʱʱҲ̩ۼЩˣһʱ䣬ϯһĸТĺ־˭Ҳǰշ¡
ĸչˣŲգ޿Źƺ࣬纮֢֮Ȭˣ
Ʊ̩۵æֵĲϯӯӯȥ̩ʾȥֻǰ
ƽձĲõĴһϮɴֻ¶һ˫ĵ۾޵ĺᣬģżȹֳл¹ػ޴ˡֻǻǰù˲̫ϺλáձȴʵѰź̫ͻǳ檲£кͿˣΪε˱µ걻׷ɱ£ͳҪ£˱µ糯⼸վ̫Ľ̵֪ˣպ󲻸ٷ̫ͱ𷣡
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׵ļѡ⻰ʧ֮ɫĵͷԭ˼ҹסٿѹʲôʧʲôܷģģڿǸԣҲǵġ
̾Ъ˼ȴȻԾԾԡڽķ볣Щŵ££磬װʵʵڵ


27

ϯɢͻȻٴߵ̫̩۵ףȥ
̫ϽԸ˷⺢ӣǸʲôú˵ôϧԼӣǳðء
ƾܾ˹˵Ĳߵף빬𣬳檱ܻʶҰھֻ࣬ǳ檸δʼҿ֦ɢҶʵѰΪɽüƣ檿£ؿѡ㣬ӯ󹬡
˻һԾ˷׷׵̫̩ۡλྪֻ̲з볣ںͳѡз
̫ĵ˵ͷúӣô룬̫ˣɡ
̩ȴֻ̬ɢϯ̫л˼ҳֻǾڲղ֮¡ֱ̫¶ƣ̬ʵ۱ˡ
̫ͷʱˣЩȥϢɣƶͻϡڲУϾͲۻˣֱӻȥϢɡ
Ӧˣ󼸲̩ȥ
ֱĿ̩Ҳδհ¶ղ̬֮ʱע⣬ʵľ룬ɴժ¡
̩ǰǼ䲻õһ䣺࣬ǹԸ
ձٿ֮£ŵ˵ͷֻҪΪºõ£ΪԸ
ûһЩΪã޸ʱ䣬Ǹı⣬ʱޣȻ
̩һȥ
Ĺ㲻̬Ū󸣾Ķ𣬻ȥ·϶ǲľԱġ
˭룬е·Ĺû׷Ȼǵ㹬ķ볣ڡ
ϯ˲پƣйⰾѾǰ׳ʱ¡
īɫŮӲŰü˼ʱü侹Ȼ밢мơ
̩۳Ŀ˼ۣˣһɡ
̧̰Сι볣Щŵ££磬Ȼ˽Σʥݺ̩۵޹ȥ
̫Ŀһ˫ų˵ţһ˿Ц⣬һڵߣһʲĸ֣ûоãЩһˣ
Цūãü֮£º֪飬ֻǲδϰˡ½ƺʲô֮£Ľᶼ⿪˲١⼸գūű׽ӣֻصڷʱء
̫ԣ¶Цģ˳ضǴգ⼸ճϺϢϣȻϲѡҪ֮ºţҶ޲泺ףһˡ
⼸գҲиоó밧׽˲٣ԼˡҪ˵꣬ǲסǰڷصʱΪӣаҺүţǺεȵң첻»ͷͷۣǰѾͷ£ϻûͲִٵǻʼλүţ󳼶ţ̲и⺢Ӿ͸һƵģʮ¿һЦģ밧ҶԶ࣬Ѱ˵һ˵ﻰ֪οڣĸ׽Щ㲻ʱ̾ˡ
һ£Ӷҳ軵ˣһһӴô£ȻŰҡΪ˽ɽ𢣬Ϊ˳һΣҪˡ
ֻ֪Īĸ˵ʵ۱¶Եôͻˣǲŵģ⺢ⷬģͼıɣ
̫󰵰ĥһᣬͷԲˡαôأʱʱգĻʲôʲô¶Ҫɵģ
ױ̨ǰժɴϼʺָӡȻˡ
ǰȰūٸͿЩҩɣ
ҡҡͷˣŰɣҲñѡ
룬̫˼Ҳǡ
ƺǺһЦû밡ĸı֮£ǲ쾭ļҵ̫̫㱧ѽ˵üѵ£ȷ˼ңҲӦõġ
˵ˣŵĶʱҿˡ
ϴι˵ʱ򣬻һǰһŮмòȥֱȱеʱ죬⹬˿Ƕйȥˣֻȥ˺üյجء
ҹ˾ʯ񻨵һЦ
ԭüĿĺùĸҲܻʱ򰡣ƽʱһһһһֱ˹ؼʱ̣ͱˡ͵͵˵˦ƣ󻹹󷽵ʩʾ̣ȴ̱飬ؿѡ㣬ҪŪһѺ꾫ʼҿ֦ɢҶ
ǿϧĺùĸעҪʧˡ
һ£裬1V1׷ģһжںнġ

28

ޱ䶯޸˷볣λƷ
̩۵޹УѾȥķ볣Ť̩֫Ͽȥ۽Ǖȵɴһǣ̴ͷ˳ȥ۵һĨ֮ͬɫɿ
ƹ£ДЦһȵ볣ڴżֳ̧ȥʱ۵ֻһƬ䣺޻ΪȵµУܻĶ֪ؼ¶Ĵأû뵽ﻹһ첻Ҫġ
ͻȻˤڵصŮ˾ʹ֮ʱһ˫צĽѥǰͣ
㾹ȻҶһмƵһŮʱɴޣΪأǱأô̽ޣ֪Щʲôأɣ޶ϵҲЩɻ󣬼ȻǸ©ĿߣΪ޽һɡǴĺˣһú㡣
һָ䣬ſŵŮѾˣ޵ڻָӦеΪ˱ֶŴɫΪѾΪ㽨ڷ絲ĽݣԻȫȴԭô©ǣѾٵȥˡ
ڶգ볣ǱСܹԻͻ㹬ġԭֻƫһջصסʥּ͵ˡ
볣һԾ׼ȥ㹬һ֮ڴ󾸣ԭֻƷдٵģɲƷ
Ϣٿʱ̫ţһױϽ
̫һۣˣֻ˳߷̣⺢ӣ빬ˣôôסĪ˵ջֻǷһ淣칬СӳˣҲؾšǰҵֶŮǰҿųģѵĸӻ㣿ѡ㣬һѡ΢ģ˺ӣͱյ£֪̫ˣҪѹ¸ܣѡ󹬿϶ǱܲȥġȻˣ͸棬ѡһ£ϲߡЩӣúһɣЩŮ빬֮ǰԼ̬ҲӺúһ
һ˳ӦˣȴЦѡˣôĿű˸أòģҲõ
ʮߣںָϳĵһ졣һգҶԺٴæµϵٵģϳϳѧѧ
һգҲǰοʼȥϿεӡﶬԽԽ̣Ͽεʱ䶼ǰ翪ʼԬϱ㽫µʱĵѧ֮
һ翪ʼεԺӾϣǸĳ͸Ͷεġ
Ҷүӳģķı˺üˣһ֮ǰ׼ıʿ̫ܲʺϳѧߣһ־̨󣬻᲻ᱻʦˣһֵīʵزԥҪҪǿϺûī
Ϊһʱ򣬰ξѹˣҶү͵ĶһʽݣκҶһһݡ
յЩǵĶǿǲ˼̺̫ˣ֪ģΪǶҪȥء
ҶӺҶӶ˾ˣΪһ촺ʱȵ۲أҰ֮ʱҶүû³λҹȫ׼µĴء
һ磬һصԬҲЩסɴ˱Լ˶˺һȥϷлҳ
Ҷү⻻һոµͷϴŰε͸ĨԻ͹ŮȥϿˡ͵ˣģɴһӴţٽӹŮѧ
ҶϷ˼⸱ģ̲סҡͷЦ˼䣺ǵ¤񣬺ûһʱ߶ֻҪƽͺã̲סǵģôţǻָϿεһ죬͸һŮͷɣǼӳϴϱѾͷӴкˣĿγֻҪ˳ȻͺãҪʵڸϽȣǾ͵ʦ˰ţʲôɵǵģ⻹ԼءҪ˵һϣǻѧѧҵġ
ׯصĿĵԼߵ̸ղ˵м£ȥׯˡ˵ǽһׯǱˣֱȥˣ˱Ҵææĸˡūţׯλԭ򡣡
ƲƲ죬ûɫĻϽ͵Ӵ˵̫ˡҿϴεõû϶ҲׯǸѾͷֳ۶ˡز֪ͷθ۶ۻƨˣҲ֪ô̵ģúõһѧЩϲֶ̨Σ֪ģΪѧЩ׼ȥļҵȥأ
ϷĿһɨ̱죬Һ˵˵ˡ


29

ѧĵһ죬עµĿɲֻҶҵˣλҲء
һСҸоСһ𣬸źͰ׵ķѧϰһȤ顣ڰģļУ񶼲̫Ѻá
԰ڵˮƽ黭϶Ҫ׵ģԼ׼ȻֺǺǵģŬŬøÿյг̰ŵľʵæµ
̩ۿˮƽһּЩͷ̵ۣЩǱĳףʦˡ
Ҷ˼ѧӦã㶼øȥˡֻҶүÿȻ׼ʱŮѧȸĲֺҶϷ˿Ų񻰣˹ȥѵһͨҶࡣ
ʵεѧҲЩףóϲǴաֻǾҶ黭ӼգѵǴ֮á
һգСģһΡ
Ҷ浶Űֱߵ˿ڳһĳģȰã˼ңӦעصʺǧҪƫ·һζЩҪĶϡͳգ಻ǱСֶΰˣò̫ͨĸﶼʹҪԼˣ
⻰еҲͬġԼҹݹأЩֻҪһ㣬ŪŪƢӾͿˡ
лҶ浵ĺѣȴԴС̣϶ղܶҪһЩ
ûԹˣô벢֡Ƕ˵黭ȻãؼʱȴԱůſθҪ˵޳İ˵Ҫء
ѽڣʹҵͶԼһһġ
αĲõԼһĨͬ͸ÿһˡ
ĨмҶҵļһգܱ԰ɵĲ֦ͬҶСҶɫ֦ͬҶͼҲͬԢ⡣ŮӵĿʽвͬ˲ͬԪأŸһЩģֱӱõ˳һµ͡
Ȼ󣬰ȴİá
Ϊʵ۱»͵͵˺ôĴףΪ˻ðţѵһͨѾͷôЩĻأһ۵ô죿
ʵϾǻʵ۱¿ǼٵÿС±֪ˣҪսСӻߵԽˡ
һ޿Σ˯ױ֮󣬾Ǳġ󾸹ʷСüͷյ˴ǰĸȥμ٣ǼҿԸһ֤ҿдĿݣ嶼ûġܰٲ鿼Уеѣʶ֣ҿԽ
󾸳ٳѡҪֻܵͣҪϰ䣬彡޲м׶ԱһΪҪˣʿֻҪṩЧ֤ɣʿҪлڵعٸ߾ʿæһ֤ţ֤鷸ƵĹƷ
Ԭϸ˸һͷīĳЦôָˣ᲻㰢尢ˣ
֮ǰԬϣæѰһԺ̫ĵطǰԺܿһӾͿԣԺҪסˣԺôˮΰҪá
ԬϵӦˣεıСǮϻصĻӵӣʹӹгɣǷչôãҶҪʾһлģ游ĸҲͷԸˡ
ǰգԬֵµ˸ոսѡõӵԭȰϢһһȥӵģ˭Сôָ⡣
κ飬ε̾һӵ£Һ˵ˣ尢ͬ⣬͵ᡣ˵ҪҶҲ㣬ǿǩģ뵱Ժ֣ҵʵҲǡ
ǣһʳСӣǰԸﰢʵԸֲֿ˿ӵ⡣ĻÿæңЩȥЪϢ󡣰ôãһµĳҳѽҪо٣ȥøæ뷨Ӱһﰢ壬ȡһһĲ¡аٺ»ҵĲС⣬ò˼꣬ǾЩˡʱٵӣ˵ԺһأСӺܷǮġ
Ϊҷ򸾿ǵȫ֮Ҫ˰æ¶ˡ²ش󣬲Ͷ游ʹ󲮸棬ֻҴøæԺֵҪҶø磬Ҫø硣


30

죬ȥϿεʱԬӹƷ裬εһԭⲻĸ֪ӣˡ
λΪ᲻Ϊԭ򣬱ߡֻҪһΪãҶҶȻܲĴл᳤ֻܻһޣԼʱ򣬶λǼȥ㡣⺢ѽǵˣһǹϺӣССͣͺ޲ȫģ֪˶Ҫζ֡
ӵûзԼݵ£Գһ˲л˷ģܽΣǶ᲻ùĵġΣҪڹŵġԸ⣬ϣһֱߡҼ๫ǷԸһԿ֮£һҪȥһ£ٴ𸴷ˡ
ⷬشԬ֮УλӶԼչ΢һƬı˿һֱʹѧϰóķ棬гĴ㡣
Цλˣˣ⼸϶˵µġǼԺӵˣͷѷ͹ȥԸҲҶҵһССл¡ʱòϣȥɣҲһ롣
ζĿӵĶһۣ칫ۺˣ⾪ϲ˵ʲôʱͻУǲĵĲ٣СӺܷǮ뵽ˣʵֹǮƵ£Ժ˵ҲҪǺӵĸһǺһǹټҵССС㣬δԻ᲻ͬЩǳԶǣ˵ǰˣҶܣȻżҵѣǿɽ˭Ӷأ£ʱĺͱ죬ܻסһ˵ġ
ԬȰǡ
Щϸϸ۲ԼСʳסϵһЩϰߣЩ֮˾ռߵģһЩϸ֦ĩڣѾ϶ˣЩ꽫ǻ˼ңݱض򵥣Ϸ¾ǼҰŽġ
ܽ˽ĳ·źãܽ˳£˵ǸܳͷأһƬҲһ·
Щӣ͢Ϊѡ֮£ֵ÷зͬʱҲ˿ˣѲǵǸ޴꣬ѳɳΪһϸĵ˴ʵ׷ߡ̫үͽԼүһޣֵܼҪɳδԤ֪
Ҷ⼸һϲ£СҶҪˣз˾˼ҵı硣Ѿ̶ӣֻʽ¶ˡ
£ؼ⣬ֻ֮ǰҶСҶŻԼҹôҲҪʮ֮²ûʽ
Ҷøտʼ࿴˼ңؼҴĸ͵ŰݷˡһؼǺӿûٵˢøС
ҶԼԸģϤģ˾˾ĸҲǼ޻ңˮˣ׵ĺܣֱӳԼҺԺһգҪʲôʲôִɣһ˭Ӯ˭ġ
ֻǺһֱԼֵֶ̫࣬ģԼҹŮվһǼֱǴ˵еʻ嵽ɶϣһֱɲġֱҶϷҵֱԹѡҪʼˣýĻ㣬ϲ¶˾ġ
ں̫ҽԺԺΪϣԴ飬֤ʵĹеĴţЩҪˮģôŹĴû᣿һʱ䣬ѡٴɣһı˳Ĭ
̩Ϊ̫Ȱ룬Ȼѵõûеһʱ佫Ӷ˳Щ˿ϣ
̩ǰ󹬵һл֮£ɿЭˣ̬ǿӲĽѡķΧ˾֮еĹϣھĹԱλүƷС٣ֻҪδŮģҪͻɱֱȦѡ
ȻϹأڳҲٶԣ̩ջ⡣
һʱ䣬һϲǣŮ빬Ϊ˷ɻڴģȻ裬вŮ빬˼ңǾҪϽĥһˡ
ҶʱϷ˵ȼ֮ͶءҶãҶλﶼǷ֮ϣҶҶ϶Դ˵ǵĺܣǶԻʵ۵˼в²⡣
Ȼ̩Уȥ֮Ȧ˼ֳһһƷСٵŮõһƷټҵĵŮɵǣŮһܳģĸţһֱڼĸļų
ǵöΪѽȻ˷ܣǻûһ۰ɣ
̬һĪѡеС֮ңֱǻֲ̿ˡԼŮ˹гͷ֮


31

ãǹ֮ɣǵȵĩٴݣҶʹ£Ӹѡ顣
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ʵǰȻ½ʼϺȾͷˣ⼸ղǿŵġ
ٸǰⶣʾɣڴٶԣѡʲôŮӽǱµ£ϲŹŮɱŮֻҪӰ첻ճɺ˰գ볼ûʲôϵѵǻؼ֮ҪĸС檵ӣ㱨µ𣿡
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˼գ̩£ѵķһأ̾λʦҶãϧˣʦһƬά֮ģһҳ֮壬ݵı仯Ҫ˶ˡ飬ȥһҶ̽̽ʦ
󸣴ʹȥҶʱҶүڴأȵ룬Ҳˡ
ܹܴ̩۱ʺ֮⣺ү⼸캮ضģһֱȼأһЩҩĺͼϺõƤӹ˵ˣڳϣﲻ̤ʵĺܣкܶҪµȥһءһҪúñ壬տ
Ҷжѣʾȼ⣬ͻȥϳΪңʶ
˺һӣп׼ʲôϲ£֪ٹվҶҴСؼҹӶ׵ӣæϲЦ˵Ҫһˮƺȡ
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£ҪҶѡλҶСȷʵģֻ˷ĲãʼҪĶֻļϵһ
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˽Ϊǻʵ۱ʩ£Ҷ࣬ʵĳֻ飬Ҫ˼Ů֮ǰֺһҶˡ
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Щ˿ʼʵ۱ѡһЩŹŮӯ󹬣һЩд˵ǵϳ鸽顣Ϊһֻ̩ܡǿӦˣѡҺʵģĿҶҵļλǶȻС
һ磬㶼Ҷõķ䡣κΧŴת˺üȦֻýյҶôƽˬӢ˵ȻͬĽߡ
ͻȻЩλδһʲôˣȻԼҴ¶һ档
Ҷ룺ţոǿݸߴ͡
ҶСҶС㶼ֻЦͣҶҪǣԼһ˻ȥӴҵĹﰡɲҶСİŪˡ
ʱֵеʱڣҶҶ׵ԭʮֵ͵δͣȴ˲֮Ŀˡ磬ǰŵ򱱺ҦҵλӺ͸ϵλӡ
ļҶĴȥҶ񿴼ȴֻͷ۲ѣת㳯λӭ˹ȥҦҵĶλӱҲɫһӢ䣬һ㣬ֵվһѷɫࡣ
󾸳ǴӹǨӹģ˱̫ʲôŮ겻ͬϯеĳֵͬʳͬദδ֮䣬Լλﶼʲôϡ¡
һգһ˫ĵһʱ䣬һδ޼˵仰ξǽ˻͵Լδġ
ҴȻߴͣž˾аȫУֲô˿ġ
뵽ź£͵ļױһĽȽҼ˵ʱ򣬲֪ϻ᲻ҲʹҼ̧ױǿԣֱӰɣʵֺÿ
Ӳĸ֪Լҹ϶ûˣֻȰҲѼ¹ҵߵģҪЦġ
Ҷҵļλġ㡱ڲԶͤ͵һ˻棬Զͬˡ
һ¶棬Ҧֻʲôˡ
ԴϴڳſڼΣظԺ˼跹˼ģ˼
ҦǸĸģڼһó衣СͻȻŻ̫̫̾ȥ˴ϴ֢״ڨЦ˰죬һСүȢϱˣ͸Ͻˡ
Ҧ̫̫ϸһʣ֪СǺ˼ˣæ˳ȥҪҶλﹴԼӻûһġ
˴æ̽Ŵ£̫̫̽ɳȥԵɣͺݺݵѵһͨСӣֱӽ˽㣬̫̫ĹǺ
ϲܵȰ䣺ĸײСС͵ľͲѧãҶ˿Ҫң׷ģ˽ȴ˶ȥ
򱱺һֻ佫ԼͳţϲЩ͵ĹǡĴѾףȢľ򱱺үͬ۵ŮϱϵǢĺܡСϱҲѡˣֻΪ̫̫ӣʱ·ˡԣ£ֻԼҶһ¾ԹˣҲûҶҽ׵뷨ãҶҿ϶ҲģԣǸ¶ֱԹˡ
ΪҦⳡ˼򱱺ֿʼϱֱҦĲˣĸ׳ȫһԣŲòЭһŶֶŮٰĻᣬҶҼλȥӡ
ҶȻԴίȴܾ֮ʮ㡣Ҧ̫̫ðɣֱӵʣĵһ
˭룬ǰ򱱺ͻȻ˻Сӷųȫȡ¡˽ֵܽźؼҵĹϵŵϲ¡
顶Се¡(ʵǩԼ̣ӭ
Ԥġճղأ
????Ϊ󳤹ļŮεĹ˰һС΢ȴԴƣպ޶աǰźûлĬĬػĳ˵һԲ
????һ׬ǮȤŰ˳㣬ֲճ
????ܸոϰɣ˰Ѿֱ׳ѰʦҸ˴ӱ
????ܸոϰ䣬˰ѾѰҸҪ󽫾ˣѰ֮ܽ
????ÿһ춼ǹ˰Ÿĺӣֱһ죬˳ķ
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32

Ҷúδ˵һỰ, ͤķָָȻܸɴ, ˹ؼҴӲԶĸ, һ·͵ͤͣסŲ, ͤĹǺһЦʾ⡣)?( ? ?? ?)?
ҶҶ¶Ҵһһ, ˵ͤ档ֻаЦ, ӭͤϣҶ
Σ۹, Ȼߴ, ԺҪǺ˴, Ҫæ
ϰ֮˶, ش⻰һЦһظ֤Ķ, ǵҶûİһۣˣ˼ͷĥ԰ߡ
Ҷһů, ǵָ˰ζͷһ£, СģĻͦ󣬻ź˴, ˼һˣܰ㴵ˡ
δȥЦҶõĸ첲£иǳءȽһոǿķʲôҲ
ҶҪȥ죬ɵĶ㿪ˣֱţСҼҵģԣĸ֪˷㡣
ԼҽϽִȥ֤Ҳ˵˵ˡ
ҶôԲþһذɣͻСأ˵Ц䣬̸ֵۼޣء
ҶˣԴظҶӶ࣬һ
ҶգЩߵҶߣϲؼҼҷãǴңһ˶Դ۰мӣҪǣؼұԽһպضӺ
ʱҶ浱ضҪǰȥģܻ˵䶣ȰҶҪТ˳ŵĻȴĺܣЩ겻ġ
üһ˵ĻһԺߣСֵķһۣЦŵС㣬ǲһ߻ȥɣҼҹվ˵ȥһժ仨ȥƿء
Ҷ˵ҶѾ˿ڣǱ̫Զˣǻԭ·ذɣе㲻ǸղŴˡ
˵Ȼѡʱߵ··м䣬һͨԺһͨԺǽıؾ֮·
սӣҶþ;ͣ˽Ųȵʲô˶زصĸϽ
Զתһ꣬ԶԶľһʱ֮£ݺݵˤһӡ
Ȼǹ͵ģ߶ֻһѾߣ߻ŵҲֻһӡͻȻˣǻţͱ⸱ӶЦˡ
ӵһʱ͵˰ǰüͷ͵ǵļһۣϳոͷݵ꣬ҲϳҦŰЦ
Ҧߺɾܹżʩһ񣺡ԲסʧˣüλСܾˣ򱱺ҦңС˵仰ҪĻλһ㡣
̧ͷεĿ⣬ڴͻϲ
̾һܾزʶûʲô˵ģ㻹ذɡһ˵һСͰͣ˰췢ɴûֻĽСսС
Ҧ˰⻰еĻϲһȥίһ㣬ˮ֣һ̾Ҫ޳ӡ
С㣬ĲǵҦڳſڼġչ￴ݣĺǻһԽ˺͸ʱڹǰ⼸λҲڵġ
Щ˼ҹ룬ƴȡͬ⣬ǧϵĹֻһ仰һءҦܴεĿ⣬Թϻ¥Ĺ￴ĺӡ
ηյ죬ͽʲôĹȻˣ㲻͵ű˵Ǹ߶ûŵĺݣ͵ñʲô˲õˡ
ǰһʱ򣬾һӾ˼ҹʱװˤˣ˼ҹĲ鿴ʱ򣬾ͽ˼ҳסռˣҪǹļӲƴŽԼҹŮԶޣҲЭǶӺݺݵĴһ٣Ǹ͵ü޸Ǹˡ
ԣԲ
ǵˣҲϲݡ㣬߰ɡ
ҦһƹҪߣ̲סżС㣬кҪҪ˵һᣬҵ˵仰ɡ
νŲֻͣǰߣҦ׷˼ͻȻС㣬㣬ȢΪޣСӦʡ
νһҪӼʱסҲˤһӡ
С㣬ĵģһõģҡ
С֮£𵯹׼žһжҦϣɹֹĻ˻һԲ͸ӹµµĹ˵ϣµСսǸߵﶼҪŵСС
ͬʱҶѾǰһɫҦӴԲףĸ֮ý֮ԣģӦúͼףʵڲ͵͵ֱñס
ҦǿŴʰϸøɾʮϧսУĴλѵǣҦѾ֪˼ˣǵͬ⣬վͽȢ
ҽðǰֻС֪ҵģңϣ׿ڶ˵ҪȢ¡
ֺˣ͵͵ȥ鰢ΡȻܱϳҦǷʵ⣬ֻģȴûڡ
깫뷽跨ϲĹ׵ŶΣڶ͵Скö࣬Сʱ򣬻ͦõģԼϣôôܲأ⻹ļǸء
һƬĵķϣ׼һƵ̨£ֱ˾ˡ
˺òԼ˾͵ܽҼҵ԰ˣƷ裬ҵӲҪǺôĵӡҴĸ˵ˣֵģӦ˹ӴȣӳȥιϽӻ߰ɣȻһץȥ١
ҦֻİĹ⸱ƵģɰˣճյŰΣ૵Ҳô˵ģСǼҼң϶ܺദĺܺá
Բģ˵Իֻÿ쵶նҶղ˵ˣ¶ĸ֮ý֮ҲûãҲϲֿƯС׷ģĲȢˣһг˵ģҲӦġ㽫ҵӻԺȥɣҪȻҪ˹ץȥˡ
С㣬ҲǵģûУϲģֻϲһû׷űƯСܹ
ЦһԵС㣬ҲĵģȻ׷űƯСܹϲСġһıֹ֮һЦõűô鷳СԸһֱӰ˶ȥΣ
ļ׿˽ǰҪΪǰݼ̽Ҷ࣬βǲμⶩ硣֮ǰѾ˰Ժһ˾Ҷһ´ţ׼ǰԺݼҶүȴ·һϷ
ղŲԵĴӣԭӦǰǽΧҶ½ŵˣƵƵȴһҲҶ
Ҷ浼۾һ˶ʻ޷ԶԶĳŶһ񡣰ɴ۾򵨴컹ҵŵĵͽļߵǸ꣬˲ǰڽ׷ţԼеľ
֥һ°ɫĽۣͷڣһöϺõů񣬾վ밢ζţһʱ䣬ؼ·綼ֹˡ
Ҧһļ̺͸ˣҿģһģǵļ´𣬴ǵ߹ȥһ§סСļ
ҦСôߵˣҲ̽Ҷүģ˾ߴ·ԤıСͼı죿ҿţСֵôЩأ署һʲôԲҵˣ
Ҧ֣ûûУֻС˵仰ûͼı졣
Ҧ֮飬Ϊð˼ĴӵţܽԺӡֻǲ֪λͨȻͨүϵӡ
Ҧճ֮ǰʹ⣬ζҪһİĹһ棬ǰ֪ԼҪȢ¡
ϯ䣬ȥòװԼҴ磬ҹյԺķߣһ·ѰԶԶļأ˭֪ԷȴһЦӭ˹
ļĴҪȥ̫̽үɣߣū·
һ˵һ߳գۣҦʹľ͵ͷ԰ӡ
Ĺӣģ԰˴үûܽˡ˵ˣˣͤǱȥ
ٲ϶˵ͤͣס˽ŲһЦֶ̯ҦҦŷӦæȡĺɰóӷŵģӱͷҲصˡ
Ҧʱ򣬾ΪʲôϴˣȫΪպĴײɫˡʱһ飬һȥҶҵļλС㡣
ǽն׵ҶС㣬϶Ӵ·֮ˣɫĹƺЩߣվҶСԱߣһֱ̧ͷ߿ŶԭղȢĺСҪĴ˰
ҦļٿҶ浣һĽþǺð֪Сʱˣ
ļﵽĿģٶŪ֪Բʲôļһǿ˳У㳯Ű˹ȥ
ô޲Աʱǹɻ龢أϵǸɾĺܣƤˣ
̯֣ǿӯ͸Ķ֮ϣӣպˡ
Ҧź֪ķеӲˣ̲סţĹӣôܲȡأȡν֮͵ǡ
ļЦЦĿһۣеĺľҦŵûֺȻչһЦº͵ĵҦСӣȥɣ缱ŸˣءٲߣҿܾҪöˡ
ҶôӸղſʼһֱڻ󣬴ʱ⻰ЦһС£ĹӶ֡
γļʱ򣬷ɿĴȡӣһԼСȻת׿һգۼ䣬ֺϴһˡ
һΣϸȴ굽ǲΪǸˡ
׿ͷɵһƬɫУƺʲôҪһɵȻֵģ˿Уûм˵ĳԾϲ
ЩóȻǰѯˡ
ļֻĴëһ㣬ģģ̲סЩź̾һôû㷢ѾͷأѾҶһˣɲؼˣЩ鷳ء
ļȻСԼҵܵܵĹעˣȴûзϡ⾩֮УҰ׿ŲյĹҲ
׿ջ˺ͰζӵĿ⣬СѼӵİһۡѾͷСϲضʹҲûб䡣
ͷϵڣǰʩ֣ضֻĿڵ׿մӣμԺѲʷƷշҸ֮ǰ̽Ҷ˼ң⾪˼λС㣬¡
κûԭͷûϵûϵ¼¡
׿ЩϤ
֪˶Է̤ʵˣԺҲˡֻλ˵ģȻĵͽӵĵܵܣЩơ
̽游ģ游⼸һֱںԺҪȥݷãǰͨһС
ҶҴҸ˽Ҧ˳ȥַǳֵܣǽҶдŴҴææȥ˳Ժ
˲ĵطҶľѾ߼𡣻ʵ۱΢ѲҶ̽ʦˡ
صԼԺӵİΣûʶΣյĽ٣ӶҪôȥӽ׿ôȷеء


33

⼸ԽԽ, ҶϷ˵Ӷļ̿裬ʱů͵ĺܡ
Ҷһ̺, п, ھ۾Ŀģ֮ǰ׿һݹĹݰӵһЩϸڡں, һ˷ѾѺˣ˾, ǰ̩иҶܡ
ôˣ
޹ʦɺЩ, ˳մ֣һˮƺȡ
ҶҪ, ȴ̩۲ݾܾķ˻ȥĵȥ, һɫ۷, ̬, ˿Լˡ
ҶҪڣȵеһɲ䣬Ȥĺ, Щֿʼ۶ӣѾòˣǻ㣬ѡŹŮΪ, ھŸСһ, Ū޶ɣԼǲѾϰʮλˡ
ʦԴӵǻ, Ŷûأ޾ͷһ٣ʦͰ޵һͨĿˣд޳һ٣ɺã
ӢˣȴϰµҶӵĻò˻ȥֻܲĵĻһ䣺µûܣǴϳ⾩еĴС˺üء
ʱĻʹ¾ɽ棬ǻ֮ʱǻСʵ۲࣬Щӣһ뷨Ҫȥÿе·ҵ۾ͨģƫƫֲ˵ʲôȥˡ
ҶൣҪȥ·һ£嶯֮£ڰ֮߱Ǽĵķ˿ӣֻÿĵָΪֽ֮˵ֱ׵˼㣺ΪֻҪú£еȨʱѰ˻Ѱһ£½Զʲô°첻ɣͽ޹
Ϊһ̸λڰٺˡҲΪһ̸Ҷ̩׽εһλʦ
Ҷ⻰̩ҲЩ£˷̵ˣŲŵģһϥ̸˵˵׺ĳд£˵˵˵ιߣҲ˵ССȤ¡
˵е᳼ӣҶಢܻ׿ݣͣպɵ̩۵ұۡ
̩۶ݵΪ޵ңкܶ˶ð׿һ΢ǣҲֻʦһΪ²ˡ
ּ̩ΰѻѡ֮£˵˼ƾٵѡѯҶ˼ҶǱܶ𣬺ֱԵ֮£ȻҪԼ⣬Ȩֱּ֮ˡֻ󹬣ǰպҲҪЩϲǡӵԿǣ⻹ҪԼá
̩ĿЦŵͷȻչһЦȥ԰һߡ
޿ˣ⾩ж׵ϰ𴦽ȻͬһյҪŮдϻҪм磿¿ˣ˿ˡ˵ϵļ磬δŮҲҪμӣҪƴһƴܹأ޿Ҫһ֣ʶһʦɱŶ
ҶһۣпЦλүҪϵļ磬縮ϵ˾ͲøɱˣӦˡȰȰ˼ҲߣҶҲֻܹźˡ
ʱֱ̩Ҷ۾ŵʦĽ̵֮޻һֱĵģպϳ£ʦһΣޱزʧġ
Ҷ΢Цͷλһ֮ˣ֪ģҲûƾʦͽ֮飬ܽҶҵٹһֱȥͷļΪףպÿÿһԻڲ
ҶүõŶʱ̩Ѿ԰ӣȥҶĲιˡ
ԬϵŶһ¾ȥԺӴոпͣŮǾҪţóײ˿ˡԸˣȥ˳Զϵϯ׼ȥˡ
⻰͵εԺʱͳȥˡ
ת˰죬˼Ҳû뵽⣬һʱѹһʱڸղûǰȥʣӶ˵ĹһֱƲ֣Ҫȥժ
ΰοԼѾ֪Ǹ˵ˣܵ˺ֱܲȥҲϼˣ㽫ҷ£һšϰ߳ŴһȺѾӣ㽫˶Ժ
ʱǱ뿪֮ʱθս԰ӣ֮С̾ĸ⣺ղȥժˣǴ·ȥĲһɣǰŹ˵СǸˡ
ҶͯʶεģүԸˣСֱӴ˽ȥѡУ˰ε˴˵أһ·衣
̩۵ʱͯ˵ͱҶʾˡ
һ˽鷿һŴŴżֲҾˣҪԼдСȥѡС඼ǲӼСģȤĺܡһףȻˣɵǵǸС㴫ŵѾߣˡȻĺÿˣ檳Ⱥ˸ᡣ
ҶҶ飺
ȻϵóεʱܼѵĲŲȥλĺÿģȻδȺܿҲҪȺ˵үɫ
̩һһĿЦɲⰲŵģȫǴɣϧûüˣͱѾͷһˮ
δܺ̽СԴЦ磬ˣף̩޵һۣСܺ棬Ƭ̣Ӱȹͷ鲻Ըĳ
ҶɿĿ̩һۣЦѡ飬ȻԺȥɣǻҪѡЩ鿴һ˵һ߶ŰʹɫηɿĵͷҪˡ
̩۰˰֣ˣɣȥǱ߿
½ԣּ⣬Ҷ᲻ٶԣ̩һȥҶӦоСָ̩һţǱ־
ĵĳסҶӣòͣ˽Ų磬ҵ߻ǲѽλϲѵ˵ĹӣΪʲôǼѽ
Ҷԥһ£λ游ѧǰ̽游ģ˳Ҽ鿴ͺá
ССľôᣬô游ѧǲǵĳˣֲôһµӣԭʦ尡
ʦ壿
̩һıҵ˵ϣҶ۵ĸϽܹȥ鿴˰죬ŵȥ治ڵĻҳŻ˼ϡ
ʱ̩Ѿ˻վ˰ǰҺүйʦʦͽⳤ֮˵̫ʡԺв֪ģֱʾǣҪԼϹ¡˵̧֣꣬ᵯ˰εһ£Ȼ̬Ȼĵط߹ȥ
涼Щʲô飿Сҽܽܡ
΢С죬ܵĸܺߣίίȥͷ۽ɬɬġУƺҲϲء
涼СⱾʺ㿴ģⱾҲá
ΪʲôֻйҲܿ𣿡
ǵġδ󷽷Ͽһۣ˹һĺ˴پѧˣ㳤ĺÿҲѧġ
̩̿Ϊʲôĺÿ˿˾ѧأ
ĺÿƭСѽĳĵѧûйϴǣ׵ְ
⻰˵ĺе̩۶޻ӵҶֵܶһۣЦ
᲻þֻ̩øһ⣺ҶδڳĺÿĻǳأ᲻ѧأ
Ҹղˣû
ҵ˼ҰСһһֱߣ㲻ʶҴرߴͣĲ̫󣬿ͦɿġ
ʱһʮ˵ոǿҪѧˣʹܣǶǶְֻжһ佫ؼҿһءǼó˵尡
δʱЩҶõˡҪ޹ȥ۸˿ô찡
̩һЦһ߲Ծķ£ҵġ
ÿο˫Ư۾̲ס׽˵ҲԼûвǺΣֲǻʵ۱£¶˵Ҳ㰡
Ҷ⻰ҪȥȴҶһ˻Ҷ΢΢ҡҡͷʾȥһֱ̩ۺͰߵܹܺʼնͷһװľͷˡ
̩⻰Ц˺ðֳĵ¶ʵ۱¹ܲţ˵Ҳ㰡ոǿҿ԰æܡ
˵ˣˣʲôܹܵġؼ˲ٵ𣿵ٵĶϹܡҪǵٵ˶С˵ٻ˾ԼŵԣԶţǾƷ²ã˵˹٣Ҳϰպõġ
Щ£ʵ۱ҲҪܵġѵѡٵʱֻܻ᲻д£᲻̣ܶԷǺ˻˵ǲеġȺҪġ
̩⻰һ㶣̲ס޵еһĹҶҶⷬҲ˼
Си̣˵ԼǳأǴˣ⻰ԼСӺء
ĵĿ̩һۣǶĺôˣһ󾸹ʷѾҪˡԣϰҲǲеģҪС
ѡ飬ӰںõСѡһݸ̩ۣЩҿģȤģ㿴ǵûЩı
̩Ц˷涼һЩɹֵĹ£һӼ˵ĶûС
αԼѡõ飬׼ˣԥԥͣĴ˿Ȼһչȥվ̩۽һЩ
ʵ۱½ĶˣһСİСˡ
￴ʱҪСһ㣬ҪŪˣ۵ģԺͲˣҲٽˡ
С˺һǲ֮ƺһܰ㡣̩ۻǽ߷Сĸţ룬һСĹȥС
Ҷǹͷǰ£СǺԣʧ֮¿ˡ
̩ЦЦĿһֵۣͷ
ƽϲЩΪ׼ģ
ҶɫƽĴƽҪϿΣղŻһΣдӣɹ̫ϲ￴飬Ҿ׼˼űšϯѾˣƼݡ
ΪλүߣҶǽǰˡ
ֱ̩ӵҶ潫СݸܹܣʾСѡ飬ǲܵġҶ黹֪۰õķϣһЩǿԵġ
ռĲһȦ⣺Ҷ飬޹ѧϧ֮ˣҲ׿飬վ˸һƣÿ¿ʳԨ¥ͼΣÿΪޣ㽫س档
Ԩ¥Ǵ󾸳Ĳ󣬹鳯͢Уųµһ¥䱾伮ضԱڣҶζһȥĵط
Ϊ̩ԸˣҶȾ֪ļһλˣҪŮϯ̸λΡ


34

Ȼ˵˳ԷʱŮҪϯ, ҲֻΪ˴ò͵ʱһЩ
մ󾸳ϰףһ충׵зҪһһŮֱϵ, Ҫÿ˾һƵġ
û, Ǿÿһˣ¶ԷһС, ҲҪģԱ˼ҹùãĸ㣩Ǹ⡣
, Ȣһ˿ڶĹ, һҪѾˡϰãǸСƴƵĻᶼ, Ҫӵ, ھǰҪûλġ
ϯʱ, Ѿ߷ָ
ϯǱֵĺ, Цϡ
ĳԳţһĹѾҶѧҡһ䣬Ҷ, ںͺؼֵ໥
̲סǱ߿˺üΣλĺÿġʦ塱䷹ˣԵˣƫƫ⣬ҪԼһ, ˸㲻ֻϧ˵һ͵¶, ȴǡΪѡʱҪֵˣҪװװѵˡ
Ҷ浴ĸ¡, ƯӲҶǶȥ̲סüۣԬҲü
ƽʱЩҶȴû⵽һֱǱߣŵﶼǺ
ĴѾȥѰ˵Ѿ˵ˣΪŵαŴһμҶҵļ磬ʲôһ˵
һ뵽Ǹ˴ʱһߣһܻҪŴƣҶ浾޹ġ֪ĴӴ˷ǰǲб⣬᲻Ϊ˵ǰˢøеģôţЩˡ
һҵ˵ϼ仰ֻûĺҲã籾ӸţҪѰһģȴǸҦˡ
뵽̲ס˰һۣ¿װĲһЩȻڲסɫԽζ
ǰɫʣǽõģĸ͵ĸҲ࿴۰мӡΪãһжĲͬˡ
ҧҧͻȻЦŻΣãҿɫЩãǱλҦŵˣ˵ҲһƬģҲʵ̫³çͻˣĸҲҪ¡Ĺ·ǽΧҪȻȥ֪ᷢʲôءʱǶŵˣлĻҲû˵ʧˡ
Ҷ˵ŻͻȻһ¡ܵλɻĿ⣬æҡͷûбŵ԰ߴ·Ŀ˶ѣ粻ǼʱϹôŲҪлǸͽأҪҪöæȥǸأ
ҶЦǲ˼˰ɣ򱱺򸮵Сӡ
Ļû˵꣬ҶϷ˾صĿһŵϽá
˶ˣҶͷ˻ʽϯ
ΪΨһĲ֮ͣĳٴһʱݣôذһλֵġֶƴƵʱһҪ
ֵܣ涼ҶҵˣɴֱΣҶ˶ڵġֿǾޣԭ˵ģȴ֪ΪʲôԼˣҪء
ĿһۣݣɲǾӦڶûһҶֵܵľʡԺĳԼĴӣŵĲó汾
ɴֱӻλã˶ȥ
ҶֻͷۣԤУλǲܾˣҶϯǱɢˡ
ؼҵλλŹӵȻ֪飬Ҷ֪ͬ顣δĴһλֵ£ҶĻӦ˹ӣȻȥһ̳ƣžһ·ԼǰƵĺٺһЦ
Цˣ¶˵ʵĺܡǰڷϣҪСѾͷԱĶǺȱ޵ֵˣǰݻǰľû˸ƴһƴˡǻ֮󣬿ޣ͸˵ˡ
ҲѧҶӣ˹ӣȻһ֣ܹһ̳ƣŵԼǰ
⻹ûƴƵ̣֮վˡȻֻڼλȷʵʶ̩۵֮䡣
Ҷүŵ亹ˣͣȥҶܹܣϧûԸҶү侲Ҷү֪ͬλŹӵݣһȰĿżС֡
ҶЩĿԼ֪ηõܣҶ黹̩۵ŵУϲţƴƵʱһҪԻʵ۱һЩ
ûҶֵܶǺ˵λϵˡ
ϯ֮󣬰һ߳ԶһС䣬͵Ǳߵ֣ţСüͷôһ㳤Ӷûأɵģľмܵ
ҶĲɵĳ˼ڲˣͷ˿ӡǱߵĶʱʱĴȻĹûϢƲ֣Ѿ߾͸˵ˣмҪسȥһ
Ҷüƽʱó裬ĳ϶ûλõġ
ڸ˳ȥԺһ·ſԶԶĶ
ʲô£ҪʱңǱĸ׿ˣ϶Ҫյġ
˵϶Ҫģȴ˷ܵ۾ֱŹ⣬һѳסʵ浽㣬ɼǸˣ
Ҷ浲ԣؼأ˵һѽδĴ𣿡
ƲƲ죺ǺؼҵʲôֵÿģȻǸպصģ游Ǹϱѽ
ȵĶҶ浣浽ѽ㣬ϧȴͶ̥ҵĶ֪һֱģпʼŸѡʱ㸸취ˣϧһûģԼ֪Ǹ˭ĻˣľλָָϣҶ海Եס죬ûо
ȥ·ϣҶ˶ǻ㱵ģһʱǰֳļӰһʱĻ
صϯϵʱ򣬺ѾԼ߾ˣҪϡҶ浸ϽĹλװ̧ȥһ۾Ǹ׿Ȼ󲻷ӡ
߿Ҷ浻ΪڿԼŵĸϽͷ鲻Խҧס´ȴߺˡ
ĵĶգգۣС°ͳҶǱߵ˵㣬ʹҡҡͷ̩аЦȴһûпãȻ飬İ죬ͷԶˡ
ξƣ˹ɵĳһҶ浾ٱʾһ£ͷһˡ
Ҷ浾ӣҪȣͻȻԵҾǳͱǺˣüλԲưɣֵܾΣ
һԼţѽˣղ˵ˣҾλþͺãǲúȵġ
ҶߵĿһۣķеıӡ
ʵ۱۽һɨͼӸղžͿʼĪţһֱűӵСڷɿĽǰСƱԶƣֱϲĲˣ۽üҾʹЦ⡣
߾˾ƣһȻҪصǵϯϡŹӵĻʵ۱ھʱ˽Ųǳ仹˰εڡ
ȻСֽڵᳶһ£ССĶУҸƴƣֲҶҵŮҲԵġ


35


ƿûһȷ, Ҷֵܺȵǲ֤
ΪлӦ硣
뺨ʱ, ̲סжžžļֵǺþ, þǰҵĴæ, л㶩Ȣ׵ʱ, ֵҿ϶ǡ
, һĿֻ˺ļצӣϧȴ, ֺǺǵƱҶ, ֻλ, Щµĸо
ҶȰ, Ժܾﲻ̫ԣ󱻷֮ǰŷӦӺɤӣ쵰, 㣬ҪҵҶҵŮǰʲô
үŵĸϽ, Ҷɼ, ֻܳűƳȥǰֽ䣺ϯ㣬б¸ҲȢãʱƴһ
ЦŶңң˾ٱ, ҶüֱһԼλǰίĵǹͣȼɡʱˣˣȥ̫ǲ̫ʣȸΪ
ҶͲֱ˵Ҿƣ͸Ͻ˰ɡ
̩תűӣҶźЦڣҶֲȱͷͬ Ļǲ࣬Ҷӣ羡һأ
ŮǱɢϯҶһ¶ƣ̬̩۸Ͻʾ󸣹ȥȰˡ
ԬһֱƫУʱ̶˼ӲͲ裬ıѾͷҲͱˡΪλүǰϯһֱֵŽ
̣̩ҲעĿɢϯһѾܾҶͣԼֱҶŶȥ
ϳͷ֣һʱϲһʱְٰ㲻֪㡣
нҶŴ̵͢ԶԶͷһŮӴŵ·ߣϽʾ
Ժ̩͵ĵͷСЩŵĽ
󸣸Ͻֿ˻ȥŵ㣬ƺȵЩͣ˹̫ҽԺһɡ
û£ǣҪ̫ҽһ
ʥǰҶ˵ĹĽ˴ǰ棬һԶԶıܿˡ
Ҷһӯӯ°ݣ̩۾ڴʱ˳
ҶҳҶ浰ݼӣ浶ʤղϯϳɹӳԽΧмְһѾӣϣ湫ӻЩʡ
˵Ż̧ͷ¶һžҹɫΪԳΣҶ洩ļ䵥һáҶү͸ģһϺõƤģֵơ
ӣֲԼС֪ʧ˼ԲǱ⣬Ƕ࿴ǺüۣŻ˻֣Ѿˡ
ǼÿŲ飬޼ǵùڿҲмźƤӣ޼ţͷ뷨СѾͷ͹
ӦˣֲͷüͷˣǱˣ̫鷳ˡ
мֱм㣬ȡ˼ҵƣ֪Ҫȡ֣Լ˾ƣ
ǹڿĶһҲеģƤŪ˹ǲǾͽӵ˼ֱѸ
УЩôѾڣ֪ǧԺѾֱӽһ𶪳ȥ
̩ϢĻ˹Ҫֵ˼ûУԡֹ֮ԹԵĺһӴͷİóεĻЩСճһ˯ˡ˯ǰȥϢҹˡ
ԴӻҶξͳһϢҽĺúӣÿն˯𡣽գȴЩ˯ˣֻˬٱһ̣ƺͷʹʧˡ
СһڴϹȥһĥԭĥ˰Ҳ⣬תͷ˽ռֵĹšƽʱһͷϵĹţԶ壬ȴ˱ڡ
λ˵ͷƬɵ浽ײʲôܲΣգȴĪһֱԷ˺
λšʦ塱͸ˣͷϵĹžȻһ˶ĻᷢĽ𵰣޹⻪Ǹֵĵżй¶һâεĸоǺϤ
뵽ŹӣξһѺҲ֪ջ߲ߵóҶңˣҲ֪ΪʲôҪǿǰȥ
ܹܵĸмжпһֱ˵ڶ³̩֮ۻ鷿ȥͽСϲ̡Ҫȥٿһˣ̫ﲻ֪ĵţ֪պ˾ƣѾȥʻˡ
һߵСϲһĥǬ幬ߣĥ©Ϣ˳ȥɳȥ˵С̫ػˣСܹһͷȥҶฮʥּˣûء
ͻȻһֲԤУ뿪ʱ򣬱Ѿ˯ˣʱ򣬱»δʥּʲôʱģƫƫȥĻҶң
ĸܹܵʣ̩ǣü룺ˣǲˣǾȥ̫鷳ˣͰҹһּ𼱣Сϲ
󸣼ֱǵӼǲּﵽдʲôòǷּɣͷʹѣҶ
Ϊռеϲ£һӶЩˣնЩθոʰ˽ϿҪõĶ׼ţּ͵ˡ
һ·ϣ˼šö˶˵ģʵ۱ʹ͹϶游ˡ֪εʥּҪôˣϴЩЩˡͷȥл游ʱҪ˼˵´Ҳûʵ۱һ͸ǣܹѽ
ˣʵگԻҶŮ磬ɣ浾ά򣬡żΪƷǣס㹬մˣ
ʥּ̫ˣСϲˣȻûּ˰죬ϲҶȴɫĺܡ
󣬻ҶСԵͷٿһˣ
Сϲ
˵Цˣʥּūų˼ԴҲѽ㿴ּ
ҶһҰףʱҲͲס˵ĶԣٿɣҲŪأҲأ
СϲڨЦʾߵС̫ȥҶϷ˷ʥּǰڶǰչƵľᡣ棬едҶ֣Դˡ
СϲˣҶϷ˳̾һҶࣺүһ˰ɣ¶мʲôӣλɲǼɫ֮ˣôͻȻ͡
Ҷ֣Ļв׵ġ
ʵ۱Ԥıˣֻǲ֪ΪϴڽϵżɫĻΪҶŮˣǸСӿǰ˵һͨ볯ȹ̵Ĺϵæ⣬ѵҶһȥˡ
ҶԥƬ̣˹ȥͨһ˶ǰ游ĸˡ½ŮŮٲǱ¾֮ʱŮּǳõģ޶ǣ游һŮŮһ¡


36

Ҷ⻰һ˵, ڳҶɫ
ҶϷùȵ˵أʲôԺ˵, ǰֹСʲô
¶, СԭûرܵġֻǰãȻֲԬ, ھǲ֣ҶúҶҲһǡҶϷ˱, һԺӡ
û, ڲԶ˺һͷ˳Ͱ͵ĸҶ, һȥ˳Ժ
һ, ֻ, ؿ, һܴģ˲ŻԼԺӡ
ϽҶõ֣һ¡ĸӢ, ý¶˭뵽ԭҶôҲϹϵ£Ȼ˿ء
ҶϷ˶λ϶ϲŭ, Ҷվ, ҧ´Ƹ۵ľǿ
֮£Ԭϴܴ, ֻ§֣ŮҲԸ˵
ҶϷ˿ǲ԰׵ɫһۣа̾һҶ浵˵ͷ˵ɡ
Ҷٴιڵأкᣬĸһ̵ֱǽҪమãŮһֱģƬֻ̲ǽּͷϣŮ˼룬ΪҶңΪõҸҪԭί˵
ԬϺݺݵı˱ۣȵ˵ص㡣
ҶŵһϽѾһһ˵ϯ̩ΪΪý֮Χ¡
ҶϷҶһۣ
Щûбˣ
Ҷҡҡͷ˹˹һݵģʱЩˣŮѾŮŮãȥϯʱҲˡϻȥҶŮּ⣬ΪƵԵʣŽŮõŪˡ޽ôͻȻԵ޹ּ빬أ¹شŮΪ򲻿ɾʹ˽ʹǱ¹˼ǺҶңŮѴˡ
˶һһѾϯǿɶڳģλС㵽Բ˵ĳģ
ҶһŪҶ浿еġ¡˭ˣת˿СڵĿһ˵һ䣺ôԵ޹أõ𣿡
ЦĶͷһ£죬ʵš
δʱðͷЩһ䣺ǲŪˣ˵ǸھϯΪΧˣλŹ𣿡Ļ㲻йѽ
ҶתͷͰʰΣ游˵˵λŹӾǱµĻ𣿡
СƤ಻µСŮӦİɣ
⻰۾ԥĻش밡ʥּѾˣԾܾ游Ҫȥջּ𣿻һˣͬİɣ
ӣ֮ͻز˼ˣҲܳȥˡλʵ۱²ѾİĹΪʲôҪñ˽أ
СȻ򣺡ǲΪ游ЩҪɢϺ͹һ֮²ּ⣿ҪȻ˵µּ游ʱҪúúͻ˵ŶǻƢ游ͺúúͺͻ˵ҲԧˡǻϺȶµּд֣游Ҳ̫ףҲˣҲ᷸д˾ͺð
ҶСŮҲ̫߿ԼˣûǸ˼Ҿ
Ҷ׼ȻԼԺӻȻٽʥܽΣҶŮ̬һҪڳġ
Ҷ浻δ״æϥм԰游游ŮһɣŮһ˵ԭί¸ּġ
һֱںʱҲǰధ̫ү浽һλɣ浽ʢҶҲкôİ
ԬЦһֱ˽ҪĸŮ˶죬ӻԼԺӿΪʥּǲгĴײأ㻻ȥǸѾͷǳģȴȥǳ˵ĵط˺
ҶජҶ浿˰죬ȴͻȻͷͬһ𣺡ֱӴǲܵģϺŰɡ
Ҷոյӣͣ˹СϲЦһ˵үϢ͸ϽūӣԸūڽ౸ů¯ůһů
Ҷɲһףһ鷿Ҫ̩ջּ⣬һһг̩۱ǸҪǿ˼ŮĶԡ
̩һ¹򣬸ϽԽ˷ͱõ̫ʦϣ޵Ĵ˲ִּӦүкġʵǼλֳкܣվȻ޶ȵԺˣүӦ֮£֮һʱ嶯ֱӾּүģպٲҺˡѾԼᶽ㹬ˣСһ£кҪᡣ
Ҷ׵ɫ粻ֱӰڳһͨ˼̸ۼ޵ļԵĵ̬
ϷûȾƣôǵԼʲôʱӦŮ빬Ϊˣ
лӪҺСʹHahns 20ƿСֶ 2ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģл2019-12-09 22:15:07~2019-12-10 22:50:41ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лӪҺСʹHahns 20ƿСֶ 2ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ

37

¶ү׿ڴӦ޵𣿡
̩һȣѡŮ빬, ϲ˵Լ˼ȥ, ûбҶʵ˼ˡ
Իͻ, ȻҶҵĻʵ۱£Ҷоһ, ϣϳʵװɡСŮ, Сಡ, źĺܣĸҹ, źòһ㡣˽, , ˾Ȼ㳤ҲûСҲ֪Ǳ˭, ǹزƫƫ᲻ԿѧءûûصѾͷڼͷȥ, ĸ빬ʥѽ
ʦͽ˶˰죬ûûĹ̩ۺһεĿŵү۾Ҫ, Ҫû桢ûءСŮġ
˵ļԶʧ, ѾڹĶȴŶʧ̬ʣЩǲ׸ıġȻܶ¹ذζǵ, Ҫϰоֹȴƭ˵ġ
̩аҪСҪûأǵĹͶˡ
үۣԹԵ˵ͻСأΪ˱µüƣ⺢ҲʣջسɡҪϳȥϿһײһһ̨£ýջּ⣿
̩۵ˡ죬ʵ۱¼ɿջʥּҶʱҲûʲôϣϷԣǻϳϦģǵһͲܴӦġԣһνһ̬ġ
Ҷ̽Լ֪£ͳһѡϿҪҪһϳһ£֤һ
̩Ҷġ׳١ɫòϣҧپͲˣŮ˷ȤΪ޺Ҷ룬ܵʾС)?( ? ?? ?)?
ʾǰ˼䣬󸣳ɵĿ˿Ҷ̩࣬۲ͷĻ˻֣ʾϽȥ졣
ҪǸո˼ҵСŮҪʦӣҪ˼ɴʱʥּ£ͻȻͽҶŮС޶˵ܲ⣬Ͳ赭дôһˡ
Ҷ֮󣬰α㱻ԬϴԼԺӣӵţ춼û˵ֱԬᣬڰεֱϣ̵̹ġ
κ۾ԬϲᣬµȰĸѹ游Ѿȥˣúúһϣ˵ϾջּءǲҲûϵģοǸһסɽϵģȥ˻ʹȻҲ¡˵ǸŻ˺ܺõģϲװһ㣬ʵһҲµġ
ԬȴԤУСסˡ
ʥǼ֮ˣֳϦĵ£ǲġȶ˾ˣƷ裬ҶҲֻˣ򣬾ǿּĴ
ֻǿСûܵ飬ҪȥĻʹˡĹɲһģлϵĳ谮̫ԼҽС˹ñ̻ˣ
ôţԬϷһҲˣһ׵ģ͵ð鵣кöҪ׼ء
ǹռʱ˺ͣҲ۸ĺӣݣǵүĵŮأ˭Ҳ¶ӡ
ǿŲ޵İοԼҴĸͻȻͱö־̲סգգ۾һĳݡ
ԬȥĿⷿȥׯĶͬʱȥүүЩʱһױ顣
ζǸʥּһʹĽУ۲Ŀ˺ð죬һʮ᲻õŶԬϣĸȰŰɣһǲˣҪǲýˣ͵ûȥˡ֪ʲôĻ۵ġ
Ԭϵ˵Ķͷ⺢ӣôֺСһˣ֮ǰĶҲûжġ
ԼԺӣͽת浽ܴܲӴ˷֦ͷͿˡһʱϢ
Ѿߴһ·˻Զʹ:̫үͶСˣС㱧һӣǵʹء
ģȥȥ
ܵԺҶʧǵıһСӹϷ˽űߣͷ顣
浽ɽǻʹˣ𣿻Ͽɸּ⣬ͬ빬Ϊˣ
һˣҶƣˣʱɫż䲻ãͷҶ浣ĵ֪Ϊδȥ˹⣿һǽ֮ǹǽ⿴ǹǽˣЩʲô
ҶãȻҡͷҶˣʧİ˰֣ˣԼԺȥɡ򹫹ʹ͵ʱлɣЩúüԺٷ£ͷĸá
˶ˣҶ̾һϴҵ࣬úΪ׼׼ɣƱѹ״ȥ
һ˵ͽϷˣʱԾȰҶ༸䣺⺢ǵԵǳҲû취עġ꣬Ū֮ȥ˴ȶʦ̫ΪһԣһԽȥׯϵ˳ȥ
ϷͣƬ̣ŽŵϵݣʵкΣЩҴδἰû뵽ĻҪ빬һ졣ٹʱֻ֪٣ǷѾȫˡ
ҶζһУעˣֻѡ
һ·϶ļٵģ޲ϷɻԺӣŮһʧǵģֲҴߡ
ǸսԺӣҶүҲٻˡ
浽⵽ô£úú͵˵һ˵ǽּ⵽Ǹ˭ģΪλ˵ǰдˣʥּôдأ游빬͵ʥʹ͵£ϸ˵һ˵
ҶֻĬĬᣬæԭί˵һ飬Ҷɵʱͺ
ͷһûվĸŮͷʵ浽ϵ£˭ȥģǲ⣿
Ҷ浿ɫԣϽҡͷ
Ҳ⣬۽ʹӣæױƵĴָҶɿү㿴ⶼǻ͵ģǲ˵϶浽ôһӵľӸǰ
Ҷ۵һµĿͣ˵Ҫû¶ãվӣȡһص֪֮˵ջ̫ҽţŮӣúݵİŮûˡ
ּ̩ҶСΪϢԭΪСϲĻ˹˼ע⡣Ҷһ˹һЩϢͨľѾõϢˡ
ฮϣ˳ϵϢѹԼҿģһԼҹ֮λлˡ
׿Ϣ׻ԭ֪ԭ֪ΪʲôҪȥأΪʲôͲúõĸƽĹһأΪʲôôɵΪʲôȥϣΪʲôûףΪʲôһ
ոսԺļǹǰ˻һ˽ȥӭﵽ֧ļҾ߲к


38

ļ󺧣׿, ôˣʲôˣ
СܵһǴϻ侲, ǵССİ׿, ֪ҪԶԶȥĹùüʱҲֻǶڷ͵͵һ, ͻָ糣ˡϴ֮ǰµĶһѲ¡
׿ѵ÷һη, ӵǽ, ֻĳ졣
˵½󣬰ͷƿ, ǼȽɽϦ, Ц粻˵һرó, ȥһ𣿴ϼþ, ֵȥ
ļĸ˵̷Ըȥֵ˸
׿, ҵ꿴ŲۣӺպϵζãۣ֤ػ»ء
ļԼһ⵽Լҵܵܵ, ֵƱյ˰, ׿ڿ˽ڡ
磬ԺȥϹˣļҵİҫҪءΪϻ, ʵǵС˼ڱǰġԺܱһݳģԼݣֵַλϣܱһ١ԺЩϲ̨СˣСһղСĴ˱µĵߣݾҪĹˡ
ļӦ£İɣͷҾ͵ŽպһЩǸɵ£ԺɡȻ˼۸ͷˣҲţ԰ɣ˵ģ԰Ҳǹͺͺģûۼҵ԰Ӷ仨ûȥʲôأæĺܣѵܶȥ԰վţźżŮѽʱ㣬һŪغԺһ
ᵽŮ˼ԴףļĻɶˣ׿ѵûѵͦ档
ļ˵һ£ǰշġ
ٿס˼գ֮˼˼ĳ˼ҳ飬غĹȥˡصڶգȥ԰йɢĵʱ򣬱ɡײˡ
Դӷ볣λݣɣͽĹ̫ߵĻᣬ˺üգҪȻҲеȥǰɪˡҫɣ˹
λɹȻһӴڵģںб˲һʱŶȥ鷿ȣֱʹ¾ȾпѾСӡ
ֵ̩ȴֻѵһ˽˹ȥҲĹ
׿ղһѣҪȥˣۿˣǹ˵ɣǼʷÿײҪھи𣿡
ȥѲҪˣǰҪһԶţԼһ٣˽¡
ļһģУæģʲôҪæģܿڡ
׿ЦرĿһ⣺ҿһλϧոյ֪Ѿ˼ˡãֱ˺һЩЩֶΣȰףٵȢأǺİ취̫ˣˡ
ļĿžһµ£óԼҵܵܲڿЦɾġ㡱˰죬Ҳû˵ġ
֮ӦֱӴԶ߸߷ɣ֮ٻؾѰġһǡһΣҲٽŪˡ
ڶգʵ۱¾Ȼһ̫ҽҶﲡҶҵ˺̫ҽǶд˷ӣ仹͵˺üеС
ķӺܼ򵥣ÿնһվӣһܣԺĹٳţÿճϰһƪŮ顣
Ŵ£ֻ˵һ䣺ȻˣԺŰɡ
Ҷ浾㡣
νϢϾͲˣղˣ˶ԺˣһĲһʱˡ
ԭȥ˾ҶүӵŻ˸֪ҪΪˣܵĴҶ鷿˵ʲôҲ״ҽʥɣҪһϣһĺӣϸһ·ɡӲϡʲôٻֻܼһʵ򵥣ܻס˼ңֵĹһӡ
Ҷžһ°Ѿ˲ʡĵĶͷϣŭںҿǲҪˣԼˣҪȫˮʵ򵥵˼ңͻסˣ㿿ʲôסһ𣿻Щֻʯͷ׬ǼͭӣҲˣҺﲻˣҶҪּҵģʱһʲôŮʲôǣ˵ǸڴϾµģˣ½㣬ʲô£㶼סϣֻվڸλˣұ˵衣ȥúһɡ
Ҷ紹ͷɥԵĻǰæ֤ŵߡ
Ƿ򸾶԰εչˣҶүڶգ˺ȥ˿ԺݷãĵĺͶʱʱľҪһ߸һε¡
Ҫȥ٣ˣ
ͷۿҪ빬ˣһϴ֣˼ǿ϶ҸʹﱣġȻˣҵһԣܲܲһǰ̣ǳˣܹٴСҲܸЩ˵Ļرеɽ˭Ӷأ
Ҷ⻰ܴһ˶ǻл㱵ģ˰ҹͻȻСһȥҶţҪһݿƾĵӣΪŮҪ
ڶ֪£Ŵ˵Ϊ˲μӿƾ٣㱻ȣˣȴҪֶһ³ˣ
ֻҶһɵһŵӣȥ˶Ӧ鼮Ҷү˹
Ҷү˵˵Ҫ飬̾ͿʼùÿػʱĬ¡ֻһѧЩȴࡣ
ЦĸľôһԵġ
һգٴҶ̽ү˳δ˼źƤӹ
·ԸūһС㣬ڽ£ɻʲôҪ㹬ȥѾɹһˣ⼸һЩʱվͿסˡǰǼλ³빬ߡ
үϷ˵ͬ£ܹܵġ
˳ơЦ滢ĴܹܣС˿¶ӣЦеĵŮҪֻһССԸŮһ档
ܹһĪūҪȥʾ£ͷСϲػ
ֲĵһ䣺̫æˣûռңҿԸд𣿡
ˣϷͼίĽ̵СŮҪ£κܲ˼ĸĪ֣ʵҪ̫ˣλܹܴ˼ǲס˻Ҵĸ̹ģ̸»ǵĺãּۻۡ
ҶҶϷˣ
ͻȻЩӵĵģЩࡣ
̩ܹܵĴѵСҼҵģôô֣żղͳҪޣպ˹֪ҪôճأУͷߵİúý̵̵
ܹӦҪȥţȴδ
Ȼʵ۱ºܿı⣬˰ֵˣͻСȽ˹̰ɡ޼ǵϲ¥ķǽǰһ¡


39

Ҷ¥ֺŷʱ, ̩۾ڸڵֺŷпţ԰ڵϲöһ˽, ŵ˼Ʒ, ա
¥ѹĲҵȵ, ܳΪ̫ӵѡ
ʱΪͽλ׼, 㽨¥, ռϢĻء¥ÿ֮䣬һ, ͵֮á
ȵ۲ͻȻһƵּ, ·Яһӽʥ, Ʒʳ߼Ļλ̳ˡ
ʥּһ, ֶĪӣԭӦȫһȴ, һҹ֮䱻š
¥ܾһֱδ˵ֱ֪̩۵ǻ֮Ϊǳβ֮ʱŷܡ
¥¿֮Ȼ̩۵, ƽʱҲֻѰע֮, ǰ̩ԼҲû뵽֮ϢĻصһαȻΪοʵ۱µ˼֮ࡣ
ԭҲֻǴһС, ̲֮ס͵˼ۣ͵֮ԽĿƲסԼټϿ˰׷ֵܳȥ£ڰ಻סܳСһ档
֮¶ģԺˣ뷨跽ĵȥҲһˡ
ֵĻʵ۱ûǡרġ˼֮󣬲ֿ˽ڣСϲȥʱͶպδʱɣ̫ˣǸѾͷҪ붫ޱˡ
У¥ųƾǵһ¥ȴʵһ㣬ȵգǰȥǰæרֺŷĵĺ͹
ԭ¥ĵʦһǰ̩΢˽ãһĵģͽ˴˻ʹ˽
ֵƬ̣̩ûбķԸˣתȥˡ
Ҷ˻ŵİκĻطдС˱ȥˡҪúһԼԸź˳Աܸõ˵ʵ۱¡
Ҷ˰Ҫȥʵ۱¼ĵĸ֪ߣҲǸѡеĹٵͬߡ
˵翪ţδŮǰҲԼ棬δʵ⣬ҶȻҪšԬҲһȥֻ¶棬ֻǵһ
Ҷ˳Ԭҵ£ϸϸ̽ˣھ¥׷ȥҪҵˣӦþĶӡֵֻǣۼ԰ʱ򣬶һİʶģҲĺܣ˿յļģ
ҶԭֻΪ̩ı֣һ˿ԣ̽һŴ󵨲²ⰢεĹȥ빬λйϵҶ˵¶ǳ֤
Щ꣬ڽǻ׿ЩˡϾǶԽܼڽġ
ҶϷ˵£Ǿ˳Ȼաʱʲô£Ǻʱͷʹ֢֮ЩӿɺһЩˣ
Ԭ¶˼ɫ⺢ӳʹˣֳϱֻԼ۲жϣҾҩЧƺʱˡ
ԬѾˣǲˣϲ꣬ҪȻͻܵȥ˯
ŸĴԽԽ࣬ʱԽԽԭΪ⺢ֻǲֱ𣬺СҹֿʼجˣŲԡ
ƫƫǸС̫ҽϹҲ޷븮Ϊ㸴飬ҩ裬Ҳûˡ
ϣԴҶҲһΪѣЩ˳ǰǲģǳЩģʱ򣬳Щ̰Ĳļһ֪ҪЩʲôء
ҹ׿һžǲͼԥ˴ҹſʼоҶܱߵĽֵá
ָͼֽЩֵţϱ任·ߣһСĽ塣Ƕ֮ƴװģܿһֻСӵģ
ãָͣҶλϡ
˼Ӣ۾ܵõ˶ΪʲôÿεõĶǴأ
ΣҲشãɽҰ׵
޾Ҫ˺㣬ҲعκˡһΣһһֱߣѣҲ뿪ˡһᲹһĻǳʧԼĻ
׿תͷ⣬Ѿ˳˯̾һһΣ˽һذɡ
ϲһͻȻͱˣ˶ŰҲ˼ִĸģȻĸŮ֮оЩͱŤ˿Ѿöˡ
ŵʱҶżϣʱʱȰȰҪ̫أһ˹ڵв߳
ҲСˣԺһ˺úùӰɣˡæЩ꣬ҲЩǮƣ˸ױģҲһݸӣʳеġ
ָָԶǱۡЦҵ٩㿴ң˵ʲôҲȰμӿƾ٣Ϊ쳳ܣĴźɽҲ֪͸ˣҵţΪһھ
Ҷһֱ֪ЩһֱڣϻظסΪ飬жɣкܴһԭΪһְٰеĲҵҲ٣Ծһȣƽ
лģҪȻҲҪϢͲһ᲻úӣôֳأÿ̼̽ʱҪһŤοأ½ڼҲҪˣպ󰡣ǾͶһЩЩʲôźõĲˡ
Ҳ֪ϿǱ̯ŵġۡ˰Ĵɫӵĵ˵ͷ
һ̸֮󣬵ڶգϾһ£Щ꣬Ҹ˲ٵȥׯϡүȥЩһɡһЩֵǮСҿÿ͹˾۰Ͱ͵Ŀţ͸ˡ
϶԰ͻȻ䵭ö˼飬зЩӦˣƺϤϲӦģﷴʺֵԼҽķӦ
֪ʱͷϵĹžͱһֻСģÿ˵Ц׽ֻ֣СӾҪֻĶ䶼ըǵİЦֹͬʱֺ治еԭ
Դӽּ֮󣬰εĿγ̾ͣˣר׼빬£̶빬ڡ
ҶҪޣѧҲѧˣҶ浱㣬һʱ᲻ųϲ֮ҶҲҪ̼ǵĿθɴͶͣˡκҿʼѧģһˡ
СﻹûգĽ̵־͵ˡ
һΣۣҲˡ
˹ȼȥңǴһɶҪ¡Ҳ֪еѧϰĺ棬ֺãټϿ̿࣬ûգģˡ
лӪҺСʹӣѩ 2ƿ
ǳСɰ֧֣һŬģл2019-12-12 20:53:54~2019-12-13 22:23:37ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лӪҺСʹӣѩ 2ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ

40

ȥ¥һ, ɸฮϵĴ˳ŰݷãԬϱס˽, ͸ĳҶҶֵ㡣
˽ֺŷ, ѵˡմź⣬žѰ˼ҵĹ, ȴȻˡ
Ҷ֣صĹ˴񣬸, 󸣾һЦӭ, ҶҶλӣڰѾ˾ϯ, ūСϲźλȥҪ峡˵˼ˡ
Ҷֵȥ, Сؾصվ, ͵͵գգ, ˶һۣһ񣬸·˳ȥ
ǰ, ҶɿƳһۣƴʱԼĸΪֻòӺವģһ¡Լ, ֪λŹӵ, 
˶˳ȥˣһƣһ۹ؾվŵС, ˵ߵӵ
δüĿȹڹԹԵ˹ȥ
ΪԼղ̫࣬ŵСˣϽҹУһȥ䣬Ȱѷˣʡõʱ򿴼ʲô볢һ
ιɵĵͷҲָȴͣ͵͵֮ǰõĻ
ֱˣСһ㶯˼ûУϸȥŷС
ôһ¶زס˵ɣ˵ʲô˵ͺúóԶ
ͷʲô˵𣿡
Цĸ˸εСԴ˵ɣ˵ʲô
αӿԬϽȻͬůâΧţͻȻĪͺһʱ䣬֮ǰ׼õĸ˵Ƕ׵ԺСֱֳӰ
ĬɫȴһӾ
ವһջ֣ίĿߵϽԣôƭأղ˵ʲô˵ġ
ƽʱᣬǰȴĪĽ˦һɫίܲסֱתǿŲûеûίһûкͼһ꣬һء
СҲʲôˣ߶߶˵ĺ·ڵʱ游ܸˣ˺öƣ˵ڿԲˣ˵ʱҪһϷӹһĴϷףء˵ʮʱҪȫһȥƻᡣҪǽˣЩͶûˣԺҲûˡ˰尢ģһûյ˸ѹǮء˶еģڵĶѾУֻûУòҵ԰ӻûйأҪˡ
һϵɫͻ̲࣬סһ䡰СûĵġǰٹѹǮ
һ룬ȥǵˣõĻĶһƬհףһظСһѹɣţ֡
μ״С͵͵ĳסڣٽҪ³ˣʹӦǣҪȥǽġһԼ˽ǴʱһȥӳɽҺͰ尢סСԺӣҶˣΪ˴ʱܻȥסգһɽȥ׽ء
СԽ˵ԽһָصСһѾ˵μҶõĻ
׺ˣǻǶ£Ѿͷ˵ȥԸŵˡֻЭǾڼסЩӣ³빬
գգۣ֮вУ
ǳ۽ëϲ֪ʱմȾһ飬һȣָ˶ǿžܾС
һĻĳʶ˰Լ֪ĴգգۣͷĬĬĽǶȥǾӨ˳һֱĵס
ϾС֪еΣգ˵ʲôҪһߡʱľܾĬĬᡣ֪ٴоѣһĻʹڽӡ
̾һָһεᣬЭʮ빬ٲˡ빬Уλߣȴ빬ҪԿġȥҶˣ֪еĵˡ
ֻһٲãҪڳһˡ
ֻñָĵطֵֹģȵģҲоֵֹģҲˣԵĲУóԷͳԷúͺߵʱ򣬻ĺóԡ
ĴãһƬûа׷ѡ
׼ţȴȥ֣ȻȥҹУʱˣ˹ȡճ¯ĵζãظȥСһԡֻһһҹϾͲҳԶˡ
ιɵĵͷ˸ǣ¥ߡСĴ۾գѽգͻȻһĨģ֮ǰ˶Ըϵʱһģһ
һγȥ󸣺ͼûд֣С᲻ڡ
ʱףԽæµˣʱҪȥ棬һ֮ٴγͲ֪ʲôʱˡŽпУúһԼС
һ·ϣӳһ·ȥιĿģ۵ĶȴࡣҲ⣬СѾͷʱ򣬸ĺöأ䣬Ϊ˸ˡԴӽʥּ֮Щҹͱǰ
ι·ӵʱ۾ֱŹ⣬ֱˣ˵ʲôҲҪȥһҪʲôʹȥˡ
νӣֱӱȥˣǿȥûҵҪ֡
ƹĹƹ˰εҪЦǶԲסˣλҪֿԲ䵱װεıӶǰģûֻģͼһЩ붩Ϳȡˡ
Ŀǵһ޿ɲģˣû˵Լġϲͷ㿴ֵһװƷԡ
һ·͵Ҷţ类ԺҶֵͺŽˡ
һλ棬˵㣬ҲڼҹԸЦ绨Դϲ
ֻдԬһѵĽУҶҶΪΪݺݵѵһͨ˵ǰΪܵĽ澹Ȼ̩ΪС׼˽ʱͷϵŭҪѷˡ
ӶǷϵͷ̩ǰٰ㲻ǡԼҹﻹû빬أﻹźĹλһƭԼСĸ飬ˣ̫
ξȻ˿ͣԴʮٽԬϵ־ϲ
ڶյĳϣ̩ͻȻּԸʧޣҪΪɣ½빬ӣƵʮ
ʥּҶңȻϲѡΪðڼйһ꣬î˾ͷĸܰƺжƮ顣
꣬ۿʮһձһսˣȫ˶ΧŰδתֻ²Ž˽ҶһӵģԶԶġ
ΪĶжֶ࣬ξֻ׼˼ѣζһЩƱ
ƱҶһгǧԼ׼ǧֻϵġ
ʵлҶүŮ׼ʮ˽ӣ˶׼һȻС׼˽ӡһ𣬾ȻӣѰŵĲֱӽǮϻӶڵϡ
ҪôǮ𣿹Ķر𣿻Ѿ𣿡
⻰ʵԬϿЦãԼҹڹȻѲôӣʵҲû뵽Щ⿿īֻʯôǮ
ȻǸģͺúõţպҪǮĵطأ껹ԸСӱš
ĥһ죬ǮϻȥĸԺӣ˵⡣ҶϷˣԬϺҶ磬ǵͬ⣬ȻǰƱԬϡ
˵еȻ˹һоҪеĹǼȲ裬ֲȨʳ϶໨һЩòôӣ罫Ǯڹ⣬ЩԶ㡣
ϴҵģһеЩӾͽðҵȥɣϢһɡʱĿÿһˡ
ϱ˶һۣˡ
ҶˣԬ֣һ񣺡ɩˣǷ򸾲ô˵ҪͷɩŲͣܵлˡ
αһϽȥ
صԺĵĺӸпȻϵ⻰ĸ˵øе
ʵξƱڼֻ̩͵빬ʱ˵ԭǣ˭Ȣϱ˭Ǯ£ѵŮˣһҪױǮ𣿡
лӪҺСʹҶ 11ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģл2019-12-13 22:23:37~2019-12-15 07:55:20ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лӪҺСʹҶ 11ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ

41

ʮ, ԪѽڣҶ˳Բĳ, ˽ȴѾ˳ӿˡ
ҶүǱ˼, ⣺ᣬԶһЩ, ķ򣬴ֱ濪ʼ, ͨơ
ֱֿ, ʱ΢徲һЩһǣŵ, һŽ, ÿ̯ǰҪפͣһ, Ҷչ֡ЩմԴҶóʫʸ踳, Ӯһյƶ˵ȫڻ¡
ҶԼһأÿֻ̯Ӯһյ̯֮, һλƣĸŮһһյѭȥûһᣬŵļҶѾ˲ٵˡ
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ιɵĵͷ۾תתǰŤŤǼѾֹӡСͻȻѧŮӵģŤŤĵϳصػϻ檼ˡ˵꣬Լ̲סЦ
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ڿεĵһۣʧˤ˲յʱȥȻĶŰεıӰϴۣĻײ̽Բ֪
ȵλ˵ĸɸɾʹһɫǱ㶼˳ȥ
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ѩ£ϵĹĳʼ̩۽˼λѩֵ£ľЩˡ
Է̫Ʊ˹ݴ
ƽɡ
֪ǲĳ̫ˣ̩۵Ӹ̨ϴһʱ䣬üİңɼ
εĹ磬һһСӡ̹Ůͣϲˣÿ˶ССһӣڲʽ࣬ҪȻĵԲӡ
һΣƲûһ𣬶̩һһ̫ߡ
ϲ˵ĿյЦӯӯ̩ۣڵ½ýĴϲӣһæ˲ˣǰܷʱҲúüһ뼸λǰʽһ
⻰˰Σνļ˶мơ
̫˿ЩļСҲЦǺǵĵͷǺúӣ¾ʽһɡ
˴빬һλ̩յġҶλԼģ̫һˣѹûָܺúÿһ⼸λ
̩ۿΣСһֵۣĵ˵ͷ
УҶλߣǴӶƷǣȻʼ밲ʱǹһ˿Ƿѭ浸һ㣬̧ͷǰĻҲδ˵һʥмС
ƵȰλλͷӲ˲۾̧ͷʱ۽΢죬һĹУҽһҶã;вѣ˹һ㡣빬һտɻӦ㹬ɻҪʲôʲôģʲôҪֻұǧҪίԼ
˹һĽʵˢˢĿ˹
ƵлЦӯӯƵһ⣺ڹֵ˰ģѾ檷ڵĶ͵ˡĹ檾ãҲһֱȥ޹ʿ˿ҵȷġȻˣô˽أڼҵʱĸͽ̵ˣ˵һصĵطжپ٣Խ
ЦһžһƤĺһЦ̾һ䣺ÿǡ
һЦα˻ȥרĵоԼϵĲɫ
һˣ˴ĵһۣעᣬξһ֡
ϲλֱıܵûκԵɵľǲϲʵ۱¶ĳ谮޹أҲ֮ǰ̫иܵĪ޹ء
ڰίĿ̩һۣʾһλǰʥ
νӣ˰ΣҪλɥĸƷٵŮλˡдһ֣̩۱ΪƷɡ
һλƷ֮ŮϷƷĴˣҲȡеһ֣λ̩ͼʡ£ֱӶ˴Ʒˡ
λﳤҲǳڵģӸͶҲһ󷽣ûзʢܾĸĥģǰؾص˰Ȼ¶ӵĶ̩ȻһЦȥ
˿һˣ밲ʱβ֪صλǳԿ̩۵ͬڿˮ
λ̺УɫԵЩͨˣǿ˰ɡ
ҶһƷʳһ̩۽˴һ飬˵ʲôζСɴרעĳգȻζܲһ
絽һ룬еĸܵϷǴĿ⣬̾ܣŷԼ̫ˡ
ЩǣģҲʱʱ͵͵̩ۡĿ⣬ɬԻ𣬰ο˿ǰͺǿСŵĿһȡ


45£ޣ

Ҷ޹գգ, ӭŻʵ۱ǴĿ⣬ֺõЦЦ
ڴʱ, ĹͻȻԵ, ζ쳣ƺ, ĸ쳢һֹ˲˵ĹŮ, Ϊ̩ۺ̫
̩ƮƮĿ˰һ, ͷƷǿ
κ˰죬ʵ۱¶ûһ۽ǡҶ˵̾һ, һǵϹٲ, ²ѽڴ֮ͥ, Ҳȥϴѽ
ʱ˿, С׿һۣĻʵͷվĹ˵ʲô, ˵ľܽпŮΣһ˫ˡ
Ҷʾ㶯֣ŴʱƮ˵, ͻ, ǿڸõʱ򣬿ϧֻСС顣
ʵ۱æúܣؿ, ܳŴͷϵʵ۱һ´ˡСſɵȲˡǳڸȰԵɡ
ֻǵͷ˲䣬˫۾вԾһĨȻеСȻζȴܾʲô
̩۵۽ɨ˹ȥֻһͷвһ
̫ͻȻЩˣ̩̹еĸôˣǲʽθڣջصλõҲæ˹
̫ҡҡͷʾǿΣֻǸ̾ȻôȴվһˡǰǺӳԷأϲʳ嵭ĶһЩź˲֪˶ԽҲֻге취Ҷ⺢ӵĺãԵôģҶܶһ뷹ˡ
һϧĶӵ֣ҲǰˣһģһأǾͬһˡҲã뿴һοҲ򲻿̫ǿˣǺúô͵Ǻӻˡ
̩ۿǸСԻζԣҲȻĸŲˣҲȫΪ⸱ԵʡʦһˣҶһûʲôڵôҲǸ˼ҳһ˼ǾԲԼ˵ġȻҲһʱ嶯ԭ򡣡
Ҷڴˣ϶ҪˡޣҵģҵŮΪҶҺõĻӣˡ
ȵǼССŶ˰εĶӣһֱĹͻȻڿھѽҶôǵȻ֮ﶼˣǣϱҪǷҶõӣǡ
ôɣһ˵˿֮ͣˣ⻰ñڵһš
һʱ䣬˵Ŀ৵ľ˹ҶﵱԭأĶðˡȻ֪⻰˼ĸ̵ֽ£ǰǲܳζ̫صʳģţȵġ
ǹˣ½ް˵궼ġ
͵ǸݵķһܱܵĽ̫ҽͻʵ۱˵˵ӻûеãʱʲôʲôģٵһ꣬Բһ£˵Ӧþ޵£ʵ۱µʱͷѽ
Ĵ۾תת۽ԱɺбɵϿ˿Ȼ˼ҳԵĶ嵭˶һδٿϣûۿ
Ҷﾽ֮ҷʡһ£ʵ̫ˣһվ©ϣӦõġ
Ȼù˻ʵ۱µ͸游һҵҵĵò˴ɲУԼҶҵ棬С
ֻǣ⹬Ů˶ôʲô˵ڣ
Ĺ͹˰εľ̬·ʶԼʧԣϽʧԣ̫ˡˡ
̫һۣЦûģͻСأŻʲôҼǵҶǵСİɣˣʮˣ
ԹԵĴ˻ϵĺλûȥ̩۵ĪίͿߡ
̫￴̩һۣЦŵСЩѵÿһܵĹϲĺܡˣѰŸȥһǸͷա
ЦѵǺÿڸǱרֺòˡ
󾸳ӿ濪ʼʵ۵ʳרСŷ˾ּڱ֤ʵ۵İȫǻʵ۱µר֮һ
һл̫һĵĿ̩ۡ
̩ۣĸһƬȰ֮ģҪúƷ
Ҷ
ʥֻȥ˵Ŀ⣬ּʳˡ˴ʱŷ֣ԭҲǲһģҶһĽ͵͵̩ۣӴ˸ӼᶨҪͽûʵ۱µ˼ֻиű£пܵζ
ֻǣЩΪʲôһͬĿأԱҶãǿһЩʲô
жϲɫǽ빬ļλ
˵ӣ̩Ӧû½ѡһλ޵ģƴλƴᶼ϶Ҷǵġ˭룬Ҷô̰أټ̫Ǿ䡰ͻСıעǽ϶ûҶķˡ
ǣɾͶһ˿ˣɺʹλ̲סĿ̩ۡ
ѩϯɢ磬̩Ĺһһҷ̫˽˼뿪ĹַŻʵ۱ϴ멣żԵĿɬ£һϲӣ
۽΢ɨ֮Ѿˡ
̩۵ͷĿһŵĵűýջһѩͼ֪ûȥһͣ
ͺ񼴽ήĻ˸أ۵ľϲ˶
߰ɣþͬ˰ɡ
ۼһƻͷŰȻһЦȥƺƵĶӵԽԽԶ֪λͻȻ͵͵̾Ϣһѹгġ
εĽѾͣ˹ȴûжֻѩһĽӡ˼ϽǰѵˣǸûعˡ
ζ˶˽ȥһߣҲ뿪ˡ
صԼĴ㹬пڴϣͻȻڵˣģϽʱ۽⡣ȻСﰡôסôС¾͵ˡ
⻰˵ûͷûβģҲ֪˵˭ġ˵꣬͵͵һۣΪµԴףЩŮ˿̫벻ˡ
ҹ·Ѿ׳ˡ
λ㹬Ӻͳһӭ˳ô
ᶼİαӵӭů紺ڵȲˮͱˡźȲ裬ݹůˮԡŸоů͹ˡ
Ƚʸͷ㽫˶ǲȥӺ䶼ûһʣűڴϹһᣬֻһصƿʼ顣
̩ЯŹȥĳǵһЦܾʶǻĪĲܾãĹȥУĳ񾭳֣Щ棬ѾԽԽˣֻҪŬһ£ܻˡ
ʶİԼһ룬СƨһһģͣŲţҵһλſ
ƴĻţǰȴͻȻһµֱˡ


46

̩۽֮, ζſţΪڿޱ, ̲ס̾һ, һѳʣһŭ䲻ϲǳԵֶͦʲô
մӺĹ, յǱߴţ˵Ѿͷ֮ͥ¾̲סֱת, ڱءҪȥ鷿, ֻƹһˡ
ϴˮ裬ڴϹ˰, , ۽Ǻ, ˮҶǲʲô᣿úõ, ûпް
ͻȻĪתֻһӰĻʵ۱£Ҷѵôһ, ǵûж죬ʵʵİԼǱг׽˳Ȼݡ
ʵ۱Ȼ߰ıҲ, Ҳ˵
һ, ٴ檰ݼϣ򸣽𰲡
ûӦ
һֻС̽˳ȥסԴĴ̩֡ﶼСղŻҵĴӱﹰʱ, ӳеСȴԲ̵ͦĳλڸԼأ־ͱסˣ͵ת
˿ûвΣյҶ̵ôߵǰ˴գСҲ§ĸ첲ҡҡ£檴ˣ²Ҫòã˵꣬Ҳ֪ΪֻһģǱԼⷢǵ̼ˣ͵Ĵһ¡
̩ζĴҴҿϵһۣǴ׵棬ĳ÷ĵطҲãղŸ첲ϵĴвĴˡ
Сڹ⹴أΪûзӰɣⱿ׾ֶΣԼ͵͵оЩ׵СѧģȻ׾̫ˣȴĹá
ʵ۱һһѱŻص˴ϣñӽСˣ§˻ʵãԼˣ
̽ŵ檲̰죿
һ˵
ˣʵ۱´ʱĿ⣬ðһΣУĶ˶ȴһѰסˣҶʲô룬ˣ
檻ûн̵ֽЩʱġ
ţҲһ˵ص˵
صʲôأѵҪ˵ڲñֵĺͱ˲һûжŻʵ۱·գ˵һʳͰѻʵ۱Ժˣ⻰϶ǲô˵ġ
ĸ˵ˣ˶ë¿ģҪ˳ëԼӣ϶߳ŭġ
תѽתС˰죬û˵ǣͱĳסˡ
˱˵Ļʵ۱¿ű׵κСδĵ˵Ǻ촽һôĵӣȻҶ˼ƣϷ
ĻӦͻȻǰȥڻʵ۱µĴһڣȻһ˻һ޹˼𣿳ԩ檲檲½̵Ǻʱεõ˼ƣ¿ԣ
ӦģȻǻʵ۱µʾֱĳ˿ҪƲסԼˣֱ޾ʹдһƽˣ´ٸˣġУ֮ǰ޵¾ͲҪżˡ
һ£еС˶ɺͨͨˣ˵ûûżżģĲż
̩˵㲻żżѽż
ŽǽֶĻòѹЩ˼˷ڴϣģ۾˯
ովô𺳵飬˯ѽ޲ڴϹϼȦȻҼСοολҪ˼ߵĻʵ۱¡
Σ£Ҳ˯𣿡
òѹЩ˼Ļʵ۱º޲ðСƨɣ޲⡢˯
ιϻ˻⣺£ǹӾرúȣģˡҺͰ尢ڼеʱҲ˺öӾأղЩŶϧܴ³һ
˵ϣ̩۾뵽˰γԵЩ룬ֽ̽ȥθСӣŷξˣԺϲܳôˣÿ˻Ҫҹﲻȥص̫ҽ
Сӣ·İɣ檲ûиеʲôʣõҲոպã̫ҽġ
ǾͺãϲȹӾƣ㹬ϼ̳ʱһ˯ɣ˯ˣ޻Ҫȥ鷿ء
һ˵ϻҪȥ鷿ӣ̲˵ˡʵֻ죬ܾñ׹ֵֹ֮ģкöĿĻ
ûȰ˯ţܹܾڵˣ£ĴѾ빬ˣ鷿ء
ɰٽģֶֻ̩˰μ䣬Űڼȥ鷿ȥǰӼ䣬ţʡСһ˼롣
ŵ˽ͼԼűӣĹȥءݸ˯ţū˵˵ɣ
κԵλãһɣòã
ǷּģȻõĲϹ֮ģЬӣ˰ԱߵλáС̴һıӣ§ĸ첲ߡ
аáȻŽһ죬ȴ÷˺ö£еۣˣҶҵˣҲ밢塣
ʵ۱ߣָоǿˡ
밢ˣյϤ˹е飬ҪӣȥɡûţҲ֪һ˻᲻úóԷ
С̧ͷһĺ棺Ͱôʶѽǳ֮ǰм𣿡
СıʾɺãƵ˵ǰһ𳤴ģ˵ȴܻչˣһ𳤴СǶŷԭ˼Ҳǲ˵ġû뵽ҾȻһȥһ˵ӴĻᣬľ˸顣
ð
ӺЦͷǰǵԵ֡һתֵոսвӦ֮ǶģаءңͲǹ¹µһˣ½˹ǲߣң䣬Ҫǣﻹб¡µﲻģæ֮лҪչһۣɼжϲ
ղŵ£̲סĵĺ
Ǽ˵£ҺҪǰЩˣеš
СһŰεĺ󱳣ֻҪЩĵ¾ͺˣвĵģúõĶ滻ﲻкö࿪ĵ𣿡
˵ǰȤУ˯ˡ
ĹУˤһӣŴȥ˺һֲŻѩϽվѶһСѾͷżҴҵĽڵ
ūûмʥݣܹܽˡкʲô飬ҹ˽ء


47

ƶ, û˵
ֵͷŵϵһƬǽ, ܹܸղЦЦ, һôԼĻòӲͷƤǰȰ˼䣺ˡū, ܱûޣڽ, ȵǺĹ, ǰ˼, ֺα׷أ̽ʥ, ǹеĴ, ǵñ, ǵòʧ
ָ𱾹Ҫ̱ô𣿡
ͨһ͹ȥϵ亹һһð, ū޴⣬ūһƬģؿɼ
ԱµһƬ⣬춯, ūǲΪ, һʱˣǵñģŴŵӽԵ, 顣
Ŷֵ˵˵нЩˣҪܼס£ֲǵı·У뱾أ
ЦһȻƵߵڵصǰҪȥǻޱȵҷسȹһ·ɨϵĲвߣֱϽԼ Žһȥ
СĽ¡
ۼְסӣѾ߸Ͻʰصǽ壬²衣
Ƹִڳһøģ˵ĵȻֻ֪ǵƽǸҶǣñ䲻Ҫͷִ𣬰ﱾȥһ㹬㲻ʲôҲҪ֪֪˲źá
һϲɫӦ£ҷģūһ¡㹬Щʲô紵ݶū˫ۡ
ǾͺãʹˣԺֵҹ¾ͲˣЩСľͺáˣֿ֪α綼λ˽ѽ
Ƕүмλ꽫
뿪֮ƸոĴѾܸ߱ǰߵС칫Ѿ°ˣ⼸ݣūѾԸһͳȥˡ
صˣ׿ýˣ׿̴ӣ͵Ŵҹ氢׿ȥɡ
͸λҶĵһȻҪβյĸɾһźá
ǸƵķԸǰˣͨڹֵ֣շת˺Ĺ
鷿ڣ̩۽飬λСˣֻлҪ˵׿һˣ󸣼״ҲŹ˳ȥ
£̫ٳ쵽ˣλҲδˣΪ¿ּΪ̫٣˳ھйʵһúܾеʳ񲻿ա
̩۸һЦ׿취ãּһ£λͻȻ뿪ز֪ٵ֣Ȼ˰æѰˡ
ǣʱ򳼻Դȥλүķתһתġ
Ǿఢ׿ˣԭӦ㣬ҪھдһЩʱأȴͻȻ˴£˼룬ǽȥ̽Ϊġ
׿ʩؽ߾ܣʶһ³ȫ˴εĲ°ְ꣬ھе
ã޴Ӧ㡣
̩ۺԥӦ׿֮£ȴһ˿ϲɫ
ͷһֱͦε˾ȻĪһЩظĸоƻһƬӰ
£ģѰĺǣ̤󾸵ÿһ䣬ҲҪҵСҲҲˡ֪ҵˣ᲻úõıչ᲻ٴνƿֺìܣһ谮ģֻ޿һ谮һ˲עҪ𣿡
һһһһĿӣԡ
ڶһ磬ľ˹
ᣣȰ˯һɣѩûͣҹٿĹ̫ͣ˵̫ȰλСյ밲Ӻһգѩͣ˵
ĴһСǷ˰֣˯ˣһȥֿˣˣ˼ҹһˡУҽȥݼ̫ȱãԷб䶯
Ӷһݣ˶һۣתȥˡ
ӵ֣˽ϴɣȥŷҹһʡ
СķԸ˼䣬ӱڵ˽ɪ˽̣ԼҲȥˡ
ɪӦ̩ŵùˣûʱڰźŵġŮһԲźиĸ̬ӡ
ڹе꣬ȻĻ£ձǸʽݼ̫ӡոմһȹŮе֪̫͵£ˡ
ֽڵʱɪոո귢٣ﾹȻҲ˷ĵ٣Ǹ۵Сˡ
ɣҪһϡ
ЦۣūҵֻܷԸ
ϳɾʱһ۾Ϳǵղһˣ·ͻȻͳһ㡣Ȼɪͷ˲ˮȻŹȥֻڰߡ
֮ǰĸһλӹгȥĽ̵֣еһЩءλ˵빬յһΰݼ̫ֻһʽעһǱȡһӡУյʽݼѵҪġӡҪһӦȫε壬Ҫ粻µӣҲҪĹȥȥ˾ٿһᡣ
ǣҹٿһλС˵̫͵ģյİݼȡˣĳˣЩ̤ʵͶ˼䣬˭֪ѩģŵ˾ȻûϳλСٿһλ¶ǸǺã
ֹūոϢôЩϳˣūȥ̽Ϣȥ
ǾˣˣչУһλˮɫȹĿѡ̣ͦԵͷȥһʣԸ뱾ͬС
˵λѡ̣ǵһԶԶŰۺˮλ
ֲĿλһۣԾѣԼȻҲп۵ʱǹˣ׵ĺܣ糣˼ȥȡ緹Ĺ򣬾˻š
λѡ̳ϵľܾ˰ε֦ȴŵ˴һЩ˵ĶһҪע顣
λȻǹ˰
⹬еȻȤĺܣ־ãһΣ羪޵ǳأٺأ
ͲС˵ĳȻЦеģֻϸܴ˫С۾ио˿˿ɱ⡣
һһҹѩʹһװڼҪͨеĵ·ͱɨ˳εĽһ·ǰУٿʱ򣬸ոպñȹ絽һ
һڵһ۾Ϳ̫ߵİΣŲһ٣ɫ糣˹ȥʰˡ


48

Ŀഥ˲, ۿĹͷǴīɫѸ
ؾصһԹֶбһĸŮ, ǰʰ
վλĹһЩ, ǹų񣬻һĨɫ, Ȼǿ־塣
һյ飬ɫ䵭˼, ʰʱ, ֻ޵ġšһǰĵĴüۡ
λǵһڱϸֺ֪, λȨ󹬵ĵһ, ǸһС̫ȥмٴ̫͵, Ȼ, ðξþȲѣĿ㲻ԾĸĹת
ճ밲Ҫ½Ĺϳʽӡ, Ϸӡʽ󹬵һԱ
ȻеӣȻҪعеĹء
ˣλ½, Ҫһ湬ѵ
̩δ, ԭӦܷ﹬ɻʺӡʽȻ͸ٿС
ѵʱ̫½˹, ΪԼֶŮ˼
һڣʱ͹ȥˡ
̫ĹгڽԴһһģ˯ˡ
ҹһ߰ΣųԵ磬ʱͷʹֻص㹬˯һ
ճٿûԶͻȻͣԺ˯ţĵͷ
̵ŽѵĴ밲ˡ
ĸĴˣͽӻǾˣ
࣬С䣬Ķ
⴫һ׿밲
һ˲ضɡ
л
׿ͼӵһǣֱѩŵһ㣬͵˻ȥ
еɬ⣬΢˲£¶׼ǰٿ̫밲Уڴˣֻñڴ˴Ⱥ򣬾֡
Ǵа׵ָ˳дһ˿Ŵٴ𣺡´οԺŵĹȥƫȺġķѩô󣬴˽վҪ𣿡
ҵ飬һʱҪˡ빬УһпɻãҹҶҶλԼƣǶܹ
εһֻϲҴҲǡ
ĻҶӺҶӡ
׿ҶҶλӣǰļҶͬԼǼ٣׻ҹ档
׿Ҫδߵʱలţ˻һ˷ŻУЩ˷ӿʼʱͽڽҡ
ȵ׿˰ȫ֮Ȼ˸֪ٸȺ˷ӵ䣬ٽһ򾡡
׿ְжͻҶһ̣͸ı˼ƻ˴£ܹٳԼɴǻ˷оȻ˰Ρ
ҶҵȻŴ£¹ذεĹԷĹ׵ܵܣôܷ
֪˴µ̩Ϊǿִ⽫д˹ҶҲðδ빬ġ
λתڹСģ˵£ȥұֻб£⹬ˣܻס
⼸仰׿ѹ˵ģֻһ֮İŵ䶼塣
ξãûںȲ裬ҪȻԼһᱻǺ
Ȼ빬Ըֻּ£ǲô˵ڶĹǱڵĵˣλĴԼԼȥʵ۱µĴȣⲻ̫ðɣ
ԽţλеľĹȥˡǺɵˣĻԼҽˣ²Ҹǵ塣
˵˵Ļ׿ʶȤĸˡ
͵ǿĪıӰ
׿תʣȴ֮ڿڵİζЦЦףһ·ƽ˳չ龩
ʱİèצӣޱȺڡڴ㶨֮󣬾͹ȥһ׾ͺˡ
ޣչ龩Ѱ̽һҲˡ
ԽԽɥ¶ģպٲհǰ˺ˡ
ǱǸ㱻ŵˣ㹬صԴȫ׼
ڵ֪ʱּ̿裬ֱů紺Ȳ裬̾һ
ɪȲʱСģĿ÷Ŀ㶹ƣǵľСɵĹˣξǴСָ״˶١
ǵĵĿ̫ԹЦǰǵĵֱ͡
С»ѾȥȡˣһȾͿˣǶˣһɣôûθڡ
СһֱˮҪȥһůһů
㹬ȻأȴáҪԡҪǴСһͰͰ̧ˮһ˶ľͰԡβǣһڻؾˣˣȱůһůͺˡ
һȲ裬ĿģȻյĺܡеĺ裬дü˼
빬ǰ˲ٹڹеĴš
ЩУ˵̫Ȼ£ĻݣȴδȰԹеգ˵Ȼʢȴο͡
˹У̶գȴٵĶôԹȻš
Ȼһֱ⣬û˴ǰļ䣬˶£ȴһԼб׼
һǲĶãϸڴ°ɡ
ǼȰĳߣᵽĹģٿλŴüĿ̫ĸоͲ̫ãûаҪ׽֮⡣
αĹ絽һ̫ȻһȰֺһͨ꺮ůҹ˯ĿɺãſˣȴʵʵıʾûУһȲ趼ûȵͿʼһ̡
Щ絽ͺŵĵλǲףϸˣȻǵǰбӣȴûйŮǰ裬ҲһĵӶûеġ
밲ӡѵмİŽյĺܣһʱҪѵʱֻֽϺһȲ衣
Ȱ̫ȴֻˣֱӾ˸ˣһˮûдǡ
ε㹬λڻʹĶϷٿܷ﹬Ǭ幬ƷˣнȻǡ
Щλסڻʹ࣬Ҫͽ԰ܻصסĵطҪһء


49

, ˡ
˼׼ʼԷҵ
Ÿķʢ, ⡢Ǵ㡢ġĢ, аԵİѼһС̳ͷ, ļڣĺĢɱЩҪѵ, ðγԾǷϺʡ
Ϻϡ, ǲڶ࣬ƽЩϺзҪЩǮ, οѩ׷ɵĶˡ˵, ҲڵĶɣ
ο˽ں, æȥС»ӽػ
С»㹬ܹ̫ҵСͽ, ĺܣƽ£Ҳ, ǷԸȥ졣
С»ӽ˵ʰΰСʵЩô£ķûôࡣ
ҲĿƵĶС»ӣ㲻ʳаɣţķݶˣ
⹬, ͬƷ, һжټѼ⣬Ƕģ˵˭Ҳȥһ, µķݶǲġ
һǲˣǿѡʲôʱЩˣҪԼӣûӾŵ°ɡ
ˡūŵĴûмʱǼλСʽΪһԱĴϲӣ̫ϲûλСٿţԸŷλӻһЩϡʽССףˡ
Сһ죬Ȼˣԩ˼̫ˡ
С»ҿ˿ڵֻԼ֣ӣʹŮ䣬бָɹĽɪ㣬СһһصĵūŻҪϲأǱȱĹˣѼϺʣС򹫹Ľūŵģ˵ǱԸСŷӵĲˡ
ηǰѼϺʣĲһ롣
ղʽ࣬Ҳòô࣬Щȥһ֣һʰɣֻǲţǵóǷݡ
˵̫ԸĲʽǸһģ͵͵һЩǳһЩްġ
̩͵ģαܵľ֪͸˱ˣλ϶Ҫ˵ġ
ԼͲ˵ΪϰΪЦӦˣɪȴر̧ͷһۣȻͷ˼
ϺζĺܣžȻǽϺζ̫ˡ
͵ͣס˿ӡ
ԣʲôʱ򰮳ϺˣδȥֺʱԹزıϺˣ
Ͱ尢һʱ򣬳ԵĶɽϵҰζҶзͺϺǳأϺȴǲƷŵġУΪʲô֪ĽӺΪʲôϺζϤһƷ֪
ͨͨԽԽ죬һʱ䣬ǰ
СϺҪƤܳԵģ㲻Ҫ֣ǸŪ
ѽôϺĹԺǼ޵ԶˣԲϺôѽòİҹζҪˮѽ
αޣ綺ġļ޵ԶԶģÿ궬죬ʹ)?( ? ?? ?)?żıϺȥ㣬òã
˼ҲŲΪ³ԲϺſ޵أǣ᲻á
ӼεĿӴ붼ϺϣϽǰʢһǰЩůůθɣϺǺ֮ﻹһЩɡ
ֻʲôҪĶԺһ벶׽ʱȴֲˣֻû񣬵ͷ
ʵµģϺ࣬øոպá
ȵδ˯㽫ıīֽ˳ʼˣ׼һָǰҶʱϢϰˡ
۾дŴ֣ͣ
һЦǰĪū죬ãɫд۾Ժȥٿ밲ӣ͸֣ͷūѰβūǵĿⷿһ׵ףã鰸ϣʱʱĿһЪЪ۾
βʧЦַˣǱ̫רעˣʱպעһЩˡ
    ָղ˵Ŀⷿзĺö
ʱֻ˻ʵ۱͵͵͵ƱҶأĿⷿͱ
пգūȥⷿתһת
⹬еŮӣľʱˡ˵ȥ˵СԼıǱпѽ
㹬Сⷿ밢ε޵ĺܣһȾˡ
Сⷿʼװֻ̩ԭ͸ȴܹµʵ۱ʲôʲôĵİһȥģСⷿвٵϡˡ
һ۾ϲ˳˵Ǹף˱صС鷿аš
һ߹ͣһ߿ųһ顰ġҶĿУʵ۱µִҪ˱ĵͽĺ˿һ㡣
Ϊҹĳ˹ռ˵ΪҲ˼޷ߣҪŲ˯
  ǽһ֮ҶͱŤŤһ죬һգﶼ˫һۣҪٿЩáСҶ˵׵ıƻסһͷԽȥˡãʱҪѡ
գһͳƻ˼ҷ޸ĻŮˡ
ξãûʵ۱ɽҪģһҪѵļᶨֻһְССȣɫǷˡ
ǣʵ۱¡˳㹬һʱ򣬾ͷҶ׹֮ͷˡźСģٿǾСһﲻһûĵС
̩۰Ҳż˷һԵļҳֵֿǳ˲٣ţǰ̵ʱдЩҲ˶ˡ
ڷѧѵã͡룬νͰأ
̩۹˼״Ҷ֮Ĵǰȥ԰ʵ۱˲衣̩۶豭Ʒһڣò衣
뵽ˣɴʹտʼ뼸λѧŮÿϿΰɣǰѧЩγ̣黭ѧһѧΣ


50

Ծ, Ҷﷴ̤ʵǸһСϲá
ʵ۱Ҫ, ָɡ¡, Ǵ°
ξã⹬е, ʵͺﵱһģܲһֱ, ſ, ĺģɻѽʶġ¡, ʧ衣
Ҫ, ҪȫԸСϿѧЩ, ټ򵥲ˡ
, ⹬мįҪЩʱء뵽⣬󣺡, 檻ѧһѧŮͳա
׼ˣɲܰѧ޿Ҫ鹦εġ
׿˵Ļ⹬ͥ, ֻǰ˲, ΪԼҶңðͽʵ۱µʱҪͽģһӦ, һ߽ŵҵһȣѧɣ³ˣƷУʱ򣬱µЬͶ̸ȫˡ
ֻǣֻгһϿΣ᲻Щʣ
̩۵βָô棬ü˼ҼҪ޸ɴڹаһŮѧеĹȥϿΣ
ζôβָͨͨ겻ĸ͵ãð˵ĶԣӢ䡣
̩ۣ
һӣ˰ɣҪҪڳЪϢһȥСһɣ캮ضģȺĳһ룬˯һ֤ˬġ
ۼС̬ȴ䣬ͻȻ̩۷Щͷˣ֪ԼΪʲôͻȻʹˡ
ŵ亹Ҫˣ»ʵ۱µͷʱԼҪˡ
㹬Сģڻһ裬ֻЩˮһȴŷķˡҪ𣬾˵ҪӡУžǱҲҪһҪõʳĻҪ⻨ȥ棬ϽǳԲˡ
⵽תۼͨеĹϡ
ǰˡˡ㹬ʱūһʱæͷȻ˽ҪС±žǱˣӦǰ䱸ȫģίˣͷūʹСϲȥ졣
̩۲Ϊĵھʹ˹ȥһˣеˣ볢ء
ʱ䣬룬ЩʲôãЩСõȵʦˣڿʼС룬޵º񲻹ˣҲһ°ɣҪҪھ͹һʰСĿյǰѻӻһ
εٵķԸ̷ԸԸ̩ߴĽõֵֽϡܵСʱĽţ̩۱ʾе㲻⣬ȴûʲô
ڼҵʱ򣬾游͸µ鷨裬檺գָһ
ζмƵ壬ͻȻڵ£ͳһɣġġúϰϰ
ϰʺӣһСѧѧ÷С֮ĸʡ
ȵִ˽밢ȥСʱ̩Űε֣һһ˱д֣ƹ£˵Ӱţ޶˵롣
ԼͻȻϣһʦͨˣһЦ᲻óԴһˡ
˻ʵ۱µĸžֵѸٵĽһӦʳĶ˹һĻдŷһ
ξලܹʱлл򹫹С򹫹ˡ
³һϺ档
򵥣ؼϺĴ
ǱϺܹȡģϺ͵ˣԼߦƵҲˡԭǴҪϺʰ˵ģȴסˡ
ȥϺͷϺߣȥϺ룬ſԳǴϺֱϺͣżˮ
Ϻõĳˡ
ʢһȻҲգĽ˺ö档󸣿ᣬæǰס˷ҪԶߵҶ
ϲʳʢһɣ
Ǿͷˡ
˵ţٴξܾ˵İæԶȥˡ
С۰Ͱ͵ע£̩˹ļһ棬Ž
һܹܸϽ˼̩Ѿ춯صĿȿȿȿȣǰ׵ᵽ𣿡
ź裬̩۲ŻڨЦϺվ˰ε
ЩʧСԴϴˡ檸ղֻСĽ׼ӶˣûоζһЩ𣿡
ûУֻãҪıѽ
ͨͨӹһصĹˣֻаĻص檲ңζģ³һɡ
ܹнӹһ棬̩ǰСģžȻмίͿ
ôأ
۾ô볣˲ͬģϲβָӵĶôּҲôƫƫζһأ


51

, ̩۾ݻ鷿ˣŹһ·, ۰Ͱ͵İ, Ҳû̩õʲôʾ
˶ˣҶﻹһֱճաңŻʵ۱뿪ķ, ֱչȥûӰ, ڹ˵Ȱ˵ûɵĻ޵
һĻڲԶɨѩһӹ, δڷѩв͵Ĺ¾ʹˡ
鷿, ̩һ, ŷ˱, ֣л˵ɡ
ܹ˰, ܿˣ£ղ۰Ͱ͵᲻ñ, ֺαطҪӲĳأʵ
ʵ⹬ƴʲôգЩҪ, ƴĲλĳ谮ˡ
̩һĿЦΪ᲻ޣ㿴, Ѿͷǻûء
ûǰ̩۾ԼѾȫˣ, ˽ˣȻӣ֪ļϵǺˡ
˵ⶼǰСһֱһСѾͷšò׿ϣָҪʱòʱӲĳѾͷġ
˭뵽һ꣬һˣʱȴ·˻˴ǰڣЩ鰮СϲһЦС°ˡ
Сһ棬ȥͱ˴˽һЩ
뵱꣬Ӧľϲʱ̾СﱻһֹԹһ߸һ棬߳СˣѾͷĳգɶΪĥġ
Ѿͷѧ˳տΣ԰ڵĲУҪһٷԣζֱ޷ݡ֪ٴİο佱һźóա
̩ۻȤ£ͻȻĵʡ
ǻСѾͷտʼϰʱмβСİŪˣģСҲģʱƭ˵Լر𰮳ģƽʱֲ֪±ãˡ
ѵСѾͷѾʼǰһЩˣ
뵽̩Ҳסˣ飬ȥһΡ
˭Ҳ벻̩ۻὫļоȳĽһ˲˻ʹСʵϣΪ̩ȥٰ罭ٲݵİһֱûг룬ļ˵ڻûзֲԡ
󾸻ʹڵΣĿΪ˹Ѻ˴ӵܣ涼ηеĹģͿջķûϵεĿջ
ˣ⽭ֶڣûгʲôͷǱļҵץȥµĽٲҲǸձȳģе˵ˡ
μ£ꡣ
ɣлҪǡ
̩۽еĲ²һ˵ǽٲݳ˼Ƭ̣ǰ𻰣ر£ʧ֢ǿзҩ£ҩȻܰһЩĨȥҩ֮ΪһЩǰһЩƬΣǷǳпܵġ
̩꾭˲ʱҲеļЩָЩ䣬ʲôõķӣ
ٲݻɣϣԴѾȻǴ飬ʵΡۣپһǰЩϲȻá
򲻿ɡ
ٲݺݺݵԼֶһۣæǰˡСֶβУǲܣˡȻ˵ķӣȷãȴʺ˵ͷشͷʹ֢֮δ⣬ʵڲ˾ϲ֮¡
׳²⣬ʱģǼ̵һЩɢƬζѣ´ʱ˳ȻļָһЩ
̩ȻֻӦ¡
ֶһۣ򵹣ٴ֣˹ݴ
л¶׼ɽΪΣ֮˳һҹ̸ϻؾǡҪõҩѾã뿪ǰΪһ¶׼
һ·ϸҶ֮󣬱ȥ
飬ȥһҶң˵հ޻Ҷһˣùż׼
鰸ǰ̩۽дĴַ˰
ֿ˰죬ʹɫͽɪȥˡ
ֻʣ°Ρӻʱ򣬳ЦǰȰĪʱж̣ؼһʱڱһӡҪġг֮£ʱˡ
һ죬ȻֻһתҲҪЩõģͱ裬ȡޡǱһλĺûʵֻۣǹ£֮¾ͷֲ̫˼ˡǰ⹬УҲֻйÿֵܷüգʱ򣬱¶Լ鷿ġū˼ˣ
ҪǲŬ㣬޵ļգɾûķˡ
뵽Īˣû޳ɹһ죬ڼ˱µĴû֮¡
κĿ޸пĳֳţһۣһЦ
ȵжλʱ̲סҲЦŴȤ˵һ䣺ﲻżӻء
Աߵ⻰ЦϽȥȴһһʵġ
˵Ĵϣ޲ôżĲżһ˯뽫ֳȥһ롣ΪʲôúõѰ˴ƣͱأ
Ѱһǰļ䣬λΪԼεһЩʾȻһҹε֪ϲǸóˡ
ڶջ糯ʱ䣬ȻŮ㹬ˡΪ̫ﶨ˹أԺֻгһʮȥ밲һգѾÿΣϢѩҹĹһ𴫵У̫յϢ
֣ʲôȻŪҪһӶʣôһ㣿
̾ĸִȥأɣҶͻСأȱպͻˣȻͺˡ
̫ԼҶڵĺתͷͷԸһϺõıīֽ⵽㹬ĹҲ
Ȼ˵Ҷȥ鷿ˣ̩ѾȥɹУûзͿ׷㹬ȥ
Ϊ£λСһչҲ֡
빬ˣԭǼλʵĸƵģˮˮļλˣȻҲʼ
ѡڿѡ˵һˡ
Ҫ˵ѽǶǺѧ֮ˣ¾ӦöһᡣûҲˣһֻõóֵģɲܾôûˡҪ˵̫ʵˣǰű¸սʱ򣬻Ͽʱʱľͻ㹬һģʱҪЩĻסⶬȵƫѽλһ˼Ҳλˡ
ѡ⻰˵ĵеģһ˵һ߻ҧгݵŴ㹬ķ
ѽԼôΪЩȵ͵Ĳлϴ͵СأԼǸ볣һҲߥûõĳͷˡ
ѡ˵Ҳʵ̩۳ǻǻᣬڿѡͨǹ־ģʱʱĻᵽֻл䣬Ҳ˵ˡ
ϧλһľګ˵ģö֮ģ̩۱㲻ˡ
Сū澾óС˵ĻҲмֵԴλ㲻ٶһˣʼˣβһأҪȻǻҪƫ֮аʲôʱѽ


52

ѡ̷е, ˿ԼŮɫ, Ǹһܿˡպ˸õĳ·, ֻԱǰ̾ͺãع
, һ˵ǸŵĸϽȥϴ
СϢŭ, ūһΪ, ޱͶ֮⡣ūҲСİˣ, λ, ƫס, , йټŮ빬λݣСǾ͡
ѡ̿Ĭ˺һ, 㲻ˣҸղ˵ҲһƬġСʲôӣҲ, ֻȶ, ǲʲôǰ̵ģ󣬵Ѱ, Ҳ밲ȶգǾͼ顣
ۼ嵶ĹŮȥˣſѡһ빬ӶŴӣһĵǡԴ빬ԼСʮֲԾˣʱϲʱġ
ղǳѡ̵ĻѡаЦѡ⹬꣬Щ˾ȻûпǸ˵飬Ȼܷ֦ͷõǸ˵ĳ谮
ⲻ֪ǲΪλôһ֮ôһֵĹܹƽ⹬ƽա
תͷܣⶫƫҪǳѡ̵ƫǿϲ֪ˣ̩۷˻Ұв֪ôϲʱ⹬еļλС˭Ľʵĺۡ
Ҫ̩۵˻һΪҵ£ƶʵĹ˺Ƭ
ѵĺܣһССͨѾߣȻܴӽ뾩ǣλݵ£ǳ빬ʱ̩۵࿴ĹôʱܹܵһӦΪλʱļ໤λ˲Ϊ֪һССġ顱ˡ
õһУǵΪ˼ݼڰˡϲĶԵʳܿۿ϶˵仰ԼΪλ˵ʧٺԵøܵõһ˿͹ա
λյķ볣ڣҲΪ׼䣬λмƣ˽һС
λѾƽ⹬е죬Ҫˡ
˼죬ĦȭƻٽʱҶһͣ乬ʱˣĵͷŵı侪һСġ
ãһֻ֣ʱһ£ֽһ§˽ȥ
ȰСĹñӣ¶һǵСһīɫͷĨĻʵ۱ûһ˻ȥչһ˫ȣֱߵμǷ
ζŻʵ۱Цл³£Ҫ𣿡
š
գŴ۾Żʵ۱¿˰죬˼ҶûʩһҶﵨ֣ڸҳϡ
Ҷ£ʻ濴飬۾ġ
̩۶Ƿϵ迴˿޲ġ
ҶǱ¾Ϳ檺ˣ찡
̩ЦһסС֣μǶһԣĶҶ￴
ҶԼòǺŵģ¿
£΢˽ãҪȥѽ
ڴȴҲûֱʳǲȥҶңܲȥҶҵĻ
̩۶ǽŵСǽٲ˵ģģضǶ˵֮֮£飬Ҳ᲻öֱջţȥҶҡ
ɵĶŻʵ۱¿˰죬ȻͻȻȥŵϽһѽ§סϲС˵ְŵˡ
ôˣҶңǾͻعȥ֣
һҡͷһ߼ᡣ
ˣԣһҶңҶǿ۾ģΪ۸أǻᵣĵģޱȥΪ˺㿪ĵġ
ڲˣȴȻڻʵ۱µĻûж
һӵȴޱȵã̩лϲҲ˲٣պҪ뻳еСദͻȻͿϡ
£λΪⱲӶزҶˡοдģǻϵĳһܻؼʡһΣˡһΣﲻע⣬ܱʷء
ǰֻλõ٣ʱǵͶѾˣиĸˣңѲǼеģˡξãУѹɡ
ҶʱûʶԼ鼤֮£ֿʼ԰Գˣ̩۸ȥˡ
֣˽֪˸Ľɣֻҹ˾֮ʱ̩۲Żļһĺ֡
ֻصĻȴȻҽֻһڣξͻѡ
СͷкᣬԵĲе̩۵ллл´γлл۰Ρ
̩һǣһȥϵΣ§ػ⾲ܰʱ⡣ֱ洫ܹܵѣδױݡ
γܳУֻ䣬˶ڻ岻˯µġҶˡ
䴹ͷסеľɣֿŵİﰢβױݣ˷٣³ֱҶҺ
ҶүҶүλӣ͵Ⱥ˺Ŵܹܵʾ⣬һҲҸֻǰĺţֽ̩һϮīɫΧʵʵİαҶҵʰ
ļľҪժ¶˵ֿ̩İ
𼱣ȥ˵
ҶүϽӦԣԣ󣬶λϽΰɣʲô˵˵
Ҷү˲͵͵˲ᣬֻǸƴͷ
˽Σﲻȵĺܣղôõء
̩ȻҲ⵽һ㣬֪ҶүΪʲôȴ֮ͬҲûС˺ͿҶүҲѴ̡ԼС̵Ķá
뵽ԶԷΪӻŵ֣סԼСӵ֣ŵİɣءѵûؼҪ߸˵ģҪ´޿ɲˡ
ιԹԵţ⻰۾СһĵͷϲԼҲǸˣһεЩѴ˲ͿԺԲˡ
˳ԺҶүǿţҪ˲ųϷȴ˭ȰҲľӭԺŴŵİ˽ξ͸ϽȥƲµĻʵ۱ͻȻ;ĿģڵĽֱֻ
캮ضģĸôˣҪǶô죿
ҶϷЦǺǵľҪ˹񣬰Ųãżȥʵ۱¡
첽ǰסϷ˵һֱֻۣЦŵ߶䷹ˣϷĪ
ҶһǰһʲôȽ˵ɡ
ſϷ˵ֱۣҪȥҶүҶɫˣʾɿ߰ɡֻܴÿЦţ˵Ĵӵ֮½ݡ
һΣûΪѣֱλҶϷ˵ʾ£ĥĥԣҶ˹ݴ
ξˣС۾ģ±̩۷ֻ᲻ˣתͷȥ
ԵСʹǽ𣿺ܶ˶ڷҵ·˰ɣ·Ҫעⰲȫһ·ƽŶ

53

˺˼, ҶүŻ, Ůһȥƫ
ǰ, ˹ȥ˼䣺Ȳ֪Ҫ, Ѿô鱸·϶Ѿ֪, ֱӷַˡ
ü, ҪùŻعء
δ۾һתŻʵ۱µͻͷҶˣĸ, ֪ͨ, ʱƺ, , ƺһʱ
۵ĳΣ˿˶ΪθˣҶȴȻ١
Щ, ԼԼ̩ҪԼǸĹƣ߱ͼ
ȵԬϻУյľһ, Ҷ̤ʵһЩлһ, Ҷҵ˾οճʱ䣬˾һۡ
ȥҶүĿյҶʵ, ȥׯס𣿡
Ҫ£ҶȾ͵õ֪ͨǲŻڼҡԼȴڣ뵽Լҵ㲣ǰڲסɫĽ㣬ε˲ԤС
Ҷȴתƻ⣬˲ڳҶ浣ܻ̫ˣ⼸﷢˺ܶ£󲮸ʹĸΪֵĺܽĸǵĸʾҪԶ޳ȥء
󲮸Ȼ᲻ã˵Ѿ˹»ҵĵӣҪȥ̽ԷĿڷءѾţĸ㣬Ժױء
βüͷ
Ϊ游ڳãĹһиӲͬڸλĴͳ󲮸ǴƷɣ游֮ǰƷˣ游ˣܲ黹δ֪Ҫסڵλӻݵġһ򽲾żŮͷȢԣϥΨһŮһź£ǲѵġ
˵ĸҲǺ֮ˣԲԵ޹ʵҪԶ޳ȥһʲôץˡ
ʲô£
ҶҲһ֪⣬ֻ֪ν죬Ҷ͵͵˳ȥ֪ʲô£ƺļҳһЩϵǵ游ĸŭ㽫Ҷ海ȥùš
ʱҶүѾݣ̽·²ᣬЦӭȥŮһᣬҶЦǣһҲ˹ȥ
ˣǴˣĺܸˡ
ȻŮ׼Щױͱòˣʵ۱¿ԸŮ͵͵СۣҲ֪ˡ
Ů˵˱飬ҶͻȻɫú£Ҫ˵
Ҷһĳ˳ӣѵûͲҪ˵Щˡ
Ҷȴܼ֣Ҫʵ֮£Ǹ˺ˣȨ֪࣬Ϊ˺׽ˣǲŸӦ֪˾֮ġܺõĻģǶȨ£Ϊǵ
ҶǿѹĿʹҹ׿ν˻Ѱңϵ﷢ǳ޻һһ˵˳
ﵽҲ˵ǶǴģΪʲôҪôߵѾ߾ȻҲʵʵġׯϵֺׯѾͷ˵ǽͶҶˣȴһֱûӰйϵˡ
ҲǴӱǺ˿ʼξһЩԤУʱǿµ£Լƽĺܣǹƽݣνĸоɻ󷴶һЩ
ȥ仰
Ҷͷվ·ʱ򣬾Ȼ˼⼸գֱǶ꣬һʮһ㡣
Ҷ˵˼ڵ棬ûжáˣȻסԺʳȱֻⶼ˿أ߶ˡ
Ȼ̩۵Ǹ󳤶񣬽ڵʵʵģҶүӣЩص˳Ƭ̣˳ȥ
Ȼױݾ£ʱбڴϷһ飬ŲͷҲ̧ͷĵǲˣҶ˵ˣҸ֪Ǹ˭
ţĲ֪Ļ֮˵ݣ㲻ԼжˣСӣ˼ô֪ء
͵̧ͷŵĿŰΣô㾹Ȼ͵͵㲻Ҫˣ㡭
̧֣ƵժñӣȻʩʩȻϵĶ档
¾Ͳˣ㻹ǲĲԼı·°ɡвʳӣ񶾣Ů˭Ϲģ
˵Ҳ֪ûĸŮԵ֣˽꣬Լ̥ŻңӣȴѴƵҵҲŲʵģҳһЩּҺʹĸĸŮ뽫ҪԼǴͻȻ˵ҪҺͽһɽȥի㡭
Ĺ۲죬ϹȻֶЩˡ
͵͵Ҷµʱ򣬿кڹΪԼĶУͽҵ˶ɱˣĲ𣿿ج𣿡
ϲźۼһһɴݵģˡ֪ԼЩط´ˡ 
پ£װģҶµ֣̾һˣµ˵ЩʲôأվĸŮһһҪΪŮҲҪһТġɻʲôԸ㶼˵ɣֻҪ֮еģǶᾡġ
ѹŰεĻɲо֮е֪ˣҲһƬĸ֮ģӴһ֮գôһӡǻҲûòͲˣ˵ո˹ҾûˣҲֲ˺ã˵ӣҪɣʱһ涼ѡ
Ŀ˶ĸŮһۣòһֱڿңҲ²ġ


54

˵ʱ, ûûƤĸ˼˲٣ȴ벻ԼﻹǸ̳
Լ˼, ·֮, Ϊˡ˵ˣ׼ҶһͶ, Ҫ˼ŹеԼϳˡ
ڶ֮, ûе, ȴǱһ˿ϣһԡ
, ֺ޵ĵȫ, ԭȷ, ϧ̫ҽѾ֤ʵ, ǳ޻ɥʹɥҲñһһ·ʹҩӡ
ϺɵĿ, ȴȻδ˵ɫҲδ𶯣ҶҶ¿ĮȻľ, ˵
Ҷµ, ӰŪʱͱñֻû̹ǡ
ο, ٿԼߵˣͻȻȻζ̽ȥʲô˼أ̽û̽û̽ķˡ
վʥּǻϵˡֶңıô꣬Ϊ㶼ˣλׯﾹȻûи㣬ıҪԴ𣿡
ŭñһ棬ʴˣΪ֮ɡУׯĪ˵ʧ٣ҲˣʵѾˡȥһĸŮɣĸŮҪˡ
ĿȻ˵ȴʼдҶɫ
´ñӣĮȻתߡ
һΣҶҲ޷ƭԼֻǱƭˣ޷ƭԼ˵ﻹŮģҶһڰͷҲصˡ
һ˱Щˡ
ڰ뿪֮йеŮ֣ƣϵӿʼʻһǹˣΪģͲӣ鶼˵ˡ
£θŮȴǲ֪ġ
ȥ·ϣҶԽĴͷɥˣҲûôҲ˵ˣӦĲ֪Ļ֮˵ݡ
ͣɫֻ뿴ûкڲ㺦ҶѡȻʲôˣԺĪˣЩݵĻ𣿵ͷֻݵҺͽģֺ˺ҪǣҶҡε£һڱеλεİѱ
У⼸ǹ˰ɣſ𣿿ƾٻŮڹף֮ҲҪ˳ɱڿƭǣҪúŬСǵ뿼ˣ͸ɴ࿪һ黭ի׬ЩҲãܲԺ̾ġ
һ죬Ҷ̻񣺡ʼͲЩˣúö顣
ҪúóԷú˯ҪȻҪɳͷˣҪúüල
Ҷ֪ǱȰأæͷӦ¡
ζĿҶһۣ£йͲµģû뵽ʵĽҲң⵹Щˡ
һӣûһʡĵġǵ£ҲǾûˡҶͻȻ;üصĺܣҲһеҪŪ֮µ˼
ȥԬѯҹ£ڹʱ˶ӣӺֻһԴϵ¶˵
ԬҲĴ»ʲô󻼣۰Σ㽫յ¶ϸ˵һ顣
ҹһǼҾ¥Ķƽ̨̻¥ʱ򣬴Һͽԭһ𣬽һȺߵ˳ɢˣǶ㻤ߵģǵʱѾ˶¥Ҫǰſˣ£ҾͲǵˣðɣûзʲô°ɣ
ָԬ⻰Ŀһ̶ֺ޵ҧгݣ˿ɲ֪¡ǹֶ̫̫࣬ºˡ
һϦ֮ͺ񳤴˵Сǲ֪οãǸѹá
´ĸ˲ģ浽£Ϣ
ԭΪֻĴһЩɣȻ¼ҶҺˡ֪ΪΣȻļ˹ϵ޵ӷȥ۹⣬ǱǸҪһЩϧļһ첻ߵġգԼͷ棬ȥˣ˼Ҹû£ҲûϣȴֻǶҶҵ档
֪м仹£ʱͲţӦļҵֱӰ˴ߡ
Ԭһ游ĸѾļ˵ȫûзӴлŮޣɣҲ㡣ǿϧˣЩС£ﲻعһֻչ˺Լǡ
βզ࣬㲻ΪʲôҪ벻ҪǸļһƯŮľͺ޲ȥġûɲźãСϻء
ת˵е£ֱҶϷ밢Ρ
ȻŹϽղŵŮȴΪҶС֪λݣһΣһ񾭴׵ҶҶӶͣĲˣŪȤˣΪϴƴʱֳ
һٷȻԵƽܻСЦգҲûаһ
ȥ·ϣ̩װ˵ģŰεֲϷſ߶߶˵˴ů̫֮Ҫڹа촺磬ļ׿࿴¡
β֪̩ἰǴɻк⣬һˣͲȥĥĻʵ۱µ˼ˡ
ҶļǸͽӾһ̲ס״˵ĴľȺ۹ĸߣѰĴҹ벻ۣҪһڲͬĲС
øһĸҹ棬޴ԡ
̩ϲ⸱СģЦ⣺ѰŮʵ䲻λ磬Щҹ϶ˣҪҪѡһλոǿķء
ѽǲǾǴ˵еϬ


55

Ĵӵ, ˶û˵ȴĪܰ, ڹΪԭ򲻵òԼʼղſε֡
ĬĬйľ, ۿʹԽԽ̲ס̾һõʱ˶, ˵˼仰Ĺ򣬾͵˻عʱˡ
, óɣ, ҲذĻʵ۱£Զ൱һŹˡ
˰һ, һԻʧԵģ, ΢΢һʹ޻ȥҪ, ´лٴ档
ŹɵͷС, üģתƻ⼸֣ǲ, ´εʱԣٺúúսһսƺȵļЩ
ιȻһǵĿ:¿ﲻͷ𣿺ȱѾưɣ
˵ţѾ, ֿŵĵһȵĲˮݵǰ
һͷ, ¡
裬ٴɫȻ˰ε֣ĵԳ, ΪĻ
ûеϻλҲǽŰˣʱ˶տߣݵʮݵʮһ
ĬȻĵĻס֡
ǶҸ֧ɱʷԼ游ĸ˵
ԴӰν빬ʥּҶϷ˱㳣аιȥǶʱ䣬ڡġʱǰԱ߶˲赹ˮģ˲ٳϵ£һЩ
±ġ
޲ģֻЩпдѪµġ
һ˵һ߽§˻УȻ˳⡣ɻ󣬽ͻȻᣬԵ䡣ãΪҪ⽫޲䡣
𵶽ʱĵĶ˶Ҫƶһλãǰȴڻá
˺һĴûֹͣ·̣ǵʱӦѾٽʳˣԮôٳδβɵЩż̧ͷȥɫ
ŵʱ̣ͷĶŰЦЦֽ§ĸһЩĶ
£ء
һΣҲκ˵ˡ
£ЩԡôˣѲӪ˾ȻûиϹǵҲδԷȴӣȻһֱǱ⸽ģū˻뿪ū¶Ϻ󡣡
δ˵һرϤʮ߹ӣֻܹܴܻűɱȥɣء
ǰ
αŴӳԾֱ󸣺ĸĻ֮£ʳǼ۶ȥۿϤĸߴӰں˵İΧ֮Уˣֻжµ
ʱǽ׷׷ǰļʸķ˿ĳ˳ʱ׼ųֻЩʸ
޾ʱҪҪرƵģһͬʽͬ
ʱ͵Ҷ֮ҶϲĲУԻͼֽúؼұһʦҲһ
γŽ֮ǰӣźĸŮѧ˱޷Ȼѧʱ䲻ˣȴѾģˡ
ֻԴӽ֮޾ͳ˰裬ֻܵװεãЩţ§ڻʩչʱܲ˳֣üζ鵽ãģҵ˸оŰ˺üΰ
ۿʳǵڳǽڲԶ׷ǵʮͻȻˮһȥת˲ûӰ
̩ͣ˻֣ĸСһವһ·ɴ˳ȥźȥķ׷˹ȥգ۲Ӱ
ǰӣʱʱ·ȥǲȫūĹй¶Ϣ֮˻乬˻ɱǣ
һֱŶȥ
Ȼ˶޵˸Ȥ޾ǵĺİɡ
ֱۣӴŶ롣ŵıʿԭҪǰŵģȴӸԭ 
ȻѾ󷽷Ž˹Ҳˣɴֱӽͻ㹬ۿӽӭ˽ȥŴҴ뿪
㹬Уӵ˰ĴݡпڴϣһôŮ̺ɸȣһ߶һѾ߷ԸǵСˮǹдôãܲôûãһˮûаɣ˳ȥƾЦ
⹬е£ȻĹ
컹δھȥ˴㹬ˮϢܿʹƵĶһΣȴһҪ˼ûУɻü
ȥţǱ³ˣֽˮػУ鷿Ҳ˶һ
Ӳз࣬ǿ̽٣˴ɻġ


56

ôῴֵ, ˵ָףۿĥĥ˳ȥ, ٵָ, һСŮźۼ˳ȥ
ɻ֪ǱŲܶ˵˼ˮ, ͱƲµ̩۲е顣
ȵ֪µʱ˶Ѿ֪˻ʵ۱´˹, ƽʱ, ˽ˮ£ܾҪ˹еĴЦ, ʱȴ˭Ҳ˲
̩һҹδ, , ѲǰЩѾ൳˷źȫѲּ⡣
ڶϳʱ, ̩۶ԼϮ֮ºľ֮࣬ĬĬ˶Իʵ۱˽ɡ
Ҫܶ, ̩۴Щ¶֮ɫȻֱӰ䲼ټΪ̫ףٵּ⣬ڳһƬȻ
ɢʱƽ̩࣬۸ճ, һɫȺСϲӭ, ﱻ̫˴ٿС÷Ϣ
糯տʼξͱ̫ȥٿ, 㹬̩۰Źˣ˹УóԺŰ벽
ٿ̫涼ûͱȥС÷򳭾ߵӺҲСãȴڣֻܱԺУ벽á
֪̫Ϊ̩۴£ǨŭءʾŹ˲ҪȻͰųȥˡ
̩Ϊģ ŴҶңŻڻػʹе;Ϯβѵİγô˻ᣬϲѵΪ̩۳˾飬棬ܱıƽ̩
С㹬ļѣӣֵǡ
ۼԼСѾһС˽һʱһ㶯ҲûУ̫ǱҲһϢûУٿеһȲ趼δͽȥҲҼȥ̶˰ֶΣϢ˳
ǵʱ̩ۻڳϣյϢСϲ糯ֻܽĵȺ⡣
߰ɣȥĸ
ʥݵ̩̩۾Ȼûȥ̫󣬶ǾֱȥСá
˸յС棬һСŮ˳ѽȥ̫ﲻ򣬽Сˡ
ԭӦúӦҵȴԭأǸСŮŷ̩һˣһ˲˹ȣ¾СãҪɱū澵ء
СϲҪȥˣȴܹһѳסˣ͵ȥƣ̩ϵɱ⾪Ĳ㵹һ
СŮ˵űߣδ˵Ѿһ߷˳ȥ˾˹úһʣ˭ָʹġ
СŮոһֵ˻ȥߵͷధ̩ȴԽСá
һƬңղʱվУӺһһҵĻǰĵϵԲ֣ϵӳġ
Ųԭڵװ̻˹ҲľҪ˹ȴǻһ˱ӷɱһӾ˵̩ۻС
״߿˭ѽ
¾ңҪҹ඾ҩҪӣ¾ͼˡ
̩ۿּһһ§ƴļˡ 
ǶУһȷӦ̿ͷ鰡ūͲˮģ˭뵽һͿأūƴûܻסū
һݣǰ鿴Сй𣬷ϾȻкüٻĵط紦ǵѺۣžȻеӳġ֮˵ӹģȻ̫𶼸Ҷֽš
ԴҹЩ˽ֺ̩бʱ˷йĵطһѽδᱧȻǰٴ̧ţԲ־Ȼͱ߷˳ȥ
ūײĸ𣬵˾ˣһȥɡ鿪޵Ŀⷿ޿ⷿĸ͹
һĳݣ䡣
ĿԹϵĲǱˤƵıӣԸһ䣺̫ҽԺ˹һʲôȱߵſڣͣס˽Ų̫ҽԺˣȥνϣԴ
Щβ̫⣬鲻Խ˫֣§̩ۣһЩǵ̩۲ʧֽˤȥ
ֻûµʹͷϽӲӵĹâˣҹͻȻصͷʹ࣬ȳʮŰٿŵҩӻЧ
ͷʹصЩξģļ䣬̩۵Ķ˵£Ҫࡣ
ξķ֣ʵ۱µĶ侹Ȼˡ
ȥ˵
̩۸ձ˳Сã̫ߵĳ֣£̫˵ˣūӭһӭ¡


57

̩һ˪, ĿųһԲ
һҹδ˯ȴһδƣ̬, з·һһȼ, ϵҲԽԽءеĸ֪ı仯Ͻ˱һЩ, »ʵ۱һˣҲһ߷ɳȥ̫ź, 򹷿, ҪȻЩʷҪQǱ·ˡ
ţֻúѾ亹͸, ֮, ֻðԼ̫Ѿ֪ҹ̵, еǲ, Ѱű³һūӭһӭ, ֻۼƽ£̫˼Ҳİѽ
̩۲֪뵽ʲô⻰ɫδ, ԽˣԻȥĸ, ãСзţȻܻһѵİණ, Ҫúˡ־ʰɡ޿ֻСãٿҲôɨɨˡ
ϵãȻ֮ɫ٣ζͷ˰죬ҲûʲôرĶüϸ˼
Ҫˣ̫ֿ϶֪飬ʱܻһЩ仯
̫Ǿˣٿٽ̫֣϶̵ģͲ֪ʲôˡ
ҹеǸˣ᲻Ҳأ
ұϣǸ۸˵СһԼߵ˼ûСۼ̩۱ȥ̫ķԸò׳ŵٴοڣּ̫ƫţȺ١
̩۵ͷȫȻСһۣѸٴ˹ʶ
ãһȥĸɡ
ִûж໰̩۱ȥıӰзλҶֻΪǸ˳ŵóģֻһ
Ǹأ뵽ֿԣ̲סһս
̩۽˱ղſһĻ̲ס˱ڻװεĶͷ
ûбŵղˣӵʱû˵Լ
ղŻݳ˵Ҷ⻰̲ס۾ı̩۲֡
檱̫﷣򳭾ڸ³أǼͻȻ˵Ͳˮġ檿ǵЩԾģȽ£˭֪ǾΧɷ˵Ҫ̳檺Ȳ衣
ǹʱ򣬳檹ȶˣʱֻˣͱǵóˡóŵʱ򣬴˱͵ıӣһӳȥֹǽ˶˽ŴӮˡ
ʵЩһξͿͷϵĹţĶ⣬;ء
ɿ̩۵֣ĹȻƤѪ˿ء
̩ۿѪ۵ĲУСֻС֣ɤӵȽ͵ƫСϲ㣬̫ҽ˿ڣȣ˴ȥĸ󡣡
θϽֳס˻ʵ۱µڣ£檵ûµģǹʱûţеܺˣȥȷһ¾ˣͲҪ̫ҽˣòã
£ȳ檰ݼ̫ܺһ𣿡
һĺ£һ棬һǼ٣һС飬һСҡ
ϵʱһٿ׵ӣͲ²̫֪ձ͵͵Ҷҵ£˵׼ҪѵأһŻµĻᣬ͵͵Ļϥ
СãɰһԼҪȻŶûУʵʵСùһʱҪˡȻҲȴҪˡ
̩ۿһۣȻɷ˵̽ϥǡǻϥһ㶣İΡ죬ûԼ⡣СԴû̩еľϲ
ӣ̸ġ
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̩ۿͰ͵Сģиǵ㻶ϲ˲ͱסˡҪڣξһסĴ֡
£檻ֵܼģȳ檻㹬ȥ̫ҽòã
֪Ϊʲôرϲ̫ÿеʱ򣬲Ǻ£һֱܵ
̩һԲֻİĦȣ˵ĲҳˣֽӴĵطȴоֵֹģҲȵġ
£ˡ
ٿ̩۽˱ŵһԣ˵һ䣺ȥúš
ԼԸСϲ˻ͰλعȥԺȥ㹬ΪΣȻ˵ţȥ̫
ռȷǳһҲʮ壬̫µĹأûټǰ밲ǵ̩ȴݺݺࡣɷ̵ЦЦĸģ
ʵ۱£Ůϲɫ׷
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̩ɨһȦüͷԸ°ɣĸлҪ˵
ۼβԣźһ˶ƿ˿׵̫ЦǼĸͷԸ˰ˣȥСһûС
ˣҲ°ɡ
ɫһίίĸˡߵŵʱ򣬳һŮʹһɫ
Ҳȥɡ
̫˻֣һڹҲ˳ȥֻʣĸˡ
ôˣһЩ绨Ĺųʲôˡ
̩ЦЦĸôô£ǳһʮǹ
̫˴ĸףһ⻹Ǳģոʲôȥˣô£ȻŰңѽ
ǰҾã˭ͳ˭ɣС¡ڰҿɲôˣҶѳȻžգ¾ġ


58

û˵, ֻǺЦţҲ, ĸ֪Ľᡣֻ, ǸѾͷѾˣΪ, 򲻿ΪһִҶѾͷ֡ҽ찧Ҳѻ, ǸѾͷ, ҲԲΪġ
յ£ԲһΡǿҶŮķ, ҽվͲֻǷôССľˡȻ, ֮ǰʲô, ð⹬Ĺ, Ȼ˹أҾ
Щ, ǰҽйģ϶һǣ뷭ӵʱȴ벻ǵĳࡣȻ, Ҫ˸, ¶մǡ
ĵĵ̫˵ˣŷеĲ豭ᵧ˵°ڡ
ĸ˵Ц, أִҪؼҿġŮһջŵϰ޲ظŰˣôͳ˻ˣ
ҲãټҲգջŵģǿɶޡ󹬵ӣ˻ʺĸҵһޡ֣
ֱӱ̬ˣȻǺλΪСˡ
̫Ȼ˻ʵ۱µ֮⣬ظͣⲻܣֻҪһ죬ǸҶ磬ϻʺķ⹬аȻţѾòˡ
Ϊ֪ҶǵǸаεСѾͷҶʧĺӡû뵽ǣһȻػҶҡҺ˸ҩ˽һС
²ܣƴǴɣҲͬ⣬Ҳͬġ
δͼ˵²֮ǰҲ
üͷһɻĵĸղ˵οҶϣֻǷһʱССľһ£ģȷ
ôҷˣ
̩һɱĸˣֻĸֻּǷ޵˾ҪðˣٿҪúòһˡ컯֮£Ȼ˵Ҽٽĸ壬ȥ޵Ͷƣǵ죬±ϲ飬Բġ
̫пһ£ʲôƣ
ۼ̫֪Сõ£ֶˣֺ̩Ȱοһ
飬ݺݵĲ飬ҵ뿴˭˶񶾣ҪĸӵĹϵ
ĸɲֻĸӵĹϵ˾Ķءϸһ룬ղŮȥҶңٱյ̸վΪǨŭҶǣ˴ˣҪ룿Ҷ޵Ķʦ˽ҶǱͶһ³ҹ֮£ǾǶ޵һ۰ѽɴ˻Ķǡ
̫󱻻ˣһϣĸҶǣֻΪôô⹬еΪ󹬰ͻϵİΣĸٺͿҲҶŮ°ϣֲֻܷ飬ݺݵĲ飬˭ֻҪйϵֻܴþǡ
лĸ¡
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̩һֱҧ²ˣһЩöѹѹ
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һ죬ҶѾͷȻᶯ֣ڣ˽˿õϺͿȴǲ̵ġ̵ǣ˴徹Ȼʧˣֶ׾Ӳ˵ɵ˻һѴһСѾͷԸˡ
ǳֵĹ̫Ѿܶûôˡ
ԣɾɵ̧ͷ·ͻȻͲ̫
֮ǰһ˰졣һֻԼڵ¡һǵ˷ӵǸѾͷ֮󣬲һ֮˽Ҹ취ͻؼߵġ
ʵ̫ˣｫ˷оȳôѵ¶ûж˽Ѿ御ˡ꣬ǺòײӳǣܲΪһСѾͷհɡ
ѧЯ߲ݮףװĶǣڼڣƽ֣ͬʱܰѴϴ֣֣ͨ磬پۼ

59

̫Ƴһ, ס˻ͷ, , ΪǣǸɫȵۣǿ̫Ľɺء
һ, ޲øԼһƣǲҪ, ô̲סء
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һ, ûҴ, ȴҹͬһʱ䣬ֻгָ׻Ĵ̶
̩۵㹬ʱ򣬰Ҫҩ, ҩ
ʱˣ⺮壬Ժ͸һЩڷҩƵҩϣ˫£ЧһЩ
ϲŷҩҶˡ
̩۴߹ȥܻߣ̽̽ϣֶ˹ҩţʵȵҩϣԴ𣿡
ֶηõҩһҪǿС
ǰһػϻҩԺС̫ҽһ𿪵ķӣūԶŰġ
̩ŵͷҪικҩͼСһı׳һ֮һѽӹҩ룬ͷһ
ÿÿࡣ
ı۽ֱߣŽĿ
̩ЦŽ˱˻ε৵һ¾ͺˣһŵĿߵĹˡ
Ƕȥɣ˵Ự
ǡ
Ӵ˳ȥֱͦСԶԷʵ۱»пȥ
£ûаﳼ̫ѽۣ޷ȥ̫밲ˡ
Ҷ˵꣬գһ˫ƯĴ۾һεĿŻʵ۱¡
̩ʧЦݵĵţǾ͸没ɣ㲡ˣȥĸ밲
л£檻ҪллȥСþȡ檳£̫ҽǲж𣿡
ʵһֱЩܿЩͷϵɱ£ûа취˵ģǲûвʹˡ
ϣԴȥˣǺ׶졣
̩۽˽ֱۣС§ĸһЩͷһ´ʱӿϮС飬˲Ծǽյȴģһ߱ʬˡ
ǰھе֪С˳ӣɽּʧϢʱĴңֻҪһδʬ壬ϣ
ǽգıӻ֮£ȻôҪһ˿ϣ޷ˡ
һʱ䣬̩ۺ޵ҧгݡ
ʲôӳ飬ʲô˼ɵȴͳͳĸ޹һȥǰǹ̫ˣŻᾭǴ𣬺ұôĿࡣʹ飬Ҳپһˡ
ϷƫƫͣȻˣ޾˼ʶʶʲôǳ޶ȵĻ
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⣬̩еǰͣ˽Ų޵ôģκκ£ҪȻס޺ʧǼΧ̫๬Ůס㣿һϢûͳҪã
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ǰһСա
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Űɣһ϶Ҫٹġ
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ˣɫԵ嵭嵭ɡ
߻ϲϲţǱ̩Ҳӣ鷿ڼݳˣȴڰ·Ĺסˡ
ѧЯ߲ݮףװĶǣڼڣƽ֣ͬʱܰѴϴ֣֣ͨ磬پۼ

60

Ĺ, սսػ˵, ˵, ۾һ, һ˵岻ʣֻ̫ҽ, кã
˵, ſڵأĵˡ, , ūּ, 
ָĿ, һֲضԣȥɡҲȥɣһ˴һ
ߵŮһ, ԲҶԣŷԸˡ
磬һǸѾͷ, Ͷ, ôúõӲҪԼɶأɶƵ, ɲҪҡ
ߵǰ򿪰񣬴óֽйֱõһ£óӣһָ߲һʵЦţ磬ƶΪƵģϲˣ㹬ûеģһϲİɡ˵ΪʲôͲܺúõҶģһֱϷȥأΪʲôҪأΪʲôΪʲô
ڵŮ˶ȴڲ鿴˵ĸԶһЩ
㹬УȴûΪ컡
֣ձʵʱ򲻿ɹҪһ²С
һԣ𣿡
һ̩߰۵Ľ̵֣һ̲ס͵Ц֪ΪϲԵʣʱ⹬˵Ŀ϶㹬֪ж˶޵ҧгء˭뵽ϰأ˵ϻҪַŹء
˸ˣ˵ҲЦһЦ
ЦͻȻڶĶϣеġβڵĶһ£һ˫ȴס
Ҷרĵ㣬Ȼ޿ҪŶ
˫ƵȶѸٵĴȫνһҲҶҲʹһ㣬дȫһӡ
۵ЦֱİҪ߳ŭˣͣȻһѽ˴ᱧȥ
ͻȻͽ˵ˣ£
ţ˵ء
£Ҫ£е˼Ҫų檡
ķ˴ϣԼڴߣ˻ڻУһӨС֣һĵĵ㣬˵ɡ
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˵ε£żε˵ĹȥȻ˵ҹξ
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һƬ׷ɱһǶףǵһı־һĽ֡
̩۵֣ＸʶĻһ־
˾ҪУͻȻһսʿ֣Ǹˣҿĳ࣬ȴϤرϤǱҪӮˣȴҲ˰֣ûпЩˣͱ˷֣ɽˤȥ
£Щκʵͺһļǵӣܽǽţ͵Ϯսʿˣˤ£Щʶңǽңҡ
κǸξŬ뿴ЩˣкЩɱߵӣ˵ȴһıһ㱡ڵסˣʲôҲԽļԽǿ
ѾĻв²μƬΣǵܱΧʱĳ꣬ĵʾĸ·ǺŮһߵģΪʲôܵأ
ڲҪģһҪ鷿ֲȥ
ߵ̵ģҹӺš˶̩۵뿪ûʲôرĸоֱӷŰˡ
صԼסĳȴǲĵĲˣһֱڵϢ˵ϸûޣֻͷͻͻۡ
ҪģģҪΣҪмҪʲôʲôһôôأ
ոźʱõĺѽ
߳ٽʱ򣬰ҲŴ۾˯šղξеʱ򣬻һֱĸĺ󱳰һֱĻ֡
ķǡΡôϤб硱˻ʱһģһ


61

һ, ͵£еĸ
и˫۾ͻʵ۱µ۾ַԺ, ؾ֮ʵ۱µҲַԺи, ݵ̬ȣĪκϤ, кơ
Դ˹֪Ĳ˱仯, Խֶṩҩ˵ֿ, ҹֿʼξϡͬʱļͺһȴ, мƬһ
ЩƬ, ʱǸֽдֵһ, пĿĹ, ʱ̶Ůһ͵͵С磬ĳ, ҲвͣЪԺ񣬻жһʱˣΪʲôģȴǻ䲻
ôˣҪˮ𣿡
˯ϵ, ߹ͷˣجˣ
û¡, ͻȻһرҪǺͻ˵ˣȥһ£ܰ취𣿡
ӵĽŲ˶, ſٵİѱΧ˰εϣСµĻȥС򹫹һˣûпռ
εͷ˭룬ûȥңСϲˡ
ּޡ

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ȳȥһ£Ͼ
ν˶򷢳ȥ͵͵ıСϻ˳רΪ׼С˳УŻ˽ױ硣
⣬Ȼء
ܹЦеʰū밲ˡ»ЩҪҪЩʱܻūлźء
һȥһߵϺȣôԳˣȥůһů
ԣһʧ̬ǣ׾ѣع˺Ļ
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¶ɣܹЦһźǱԸģ˵ˣǳˮȥϵĺкôֻգЩӣÿնҪһεģֱԺǱ˵Ϊֹ
ɡ
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ڳرźһŮЦ˳ȥʱжһǳɫ硣
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İγٳûеȵ̩۽ɻ̧ͷײ˫ľ˵һСƬֽ̣˷ֱӽ˻С
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пǰĴϢţҪѯʣ͵Ľ˱ȥ
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Ĺһƺһ¥ǻгͷ֮
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ȥĹȴһգ˵ȥˡ
£
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62

, ūһ
󸣹ڵŴĿĹĽԶȥ, һ, 
г
ҡҡͷﻹ˯ء, ֪ȥϳˣȴƫһ, ΪʲôԴ, ôҲҪһְɣôôʹľˣ
󸣿һ, εӼ, ǹﻹô֣Ӧû, оЩ, ߵˣһЩԼ, ˭ҲȫšǲˣԺѽ⹬оҪˡСв, ҲȰЩ, ĪȱQQ
Ӧ£ת, ȥŰˡ
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էůʱڣ峿ɽּ紵̵˱ǣȴȲļ⡣
׿վУĿһɨѾڷ粻ݶɨҡҡ׹ĴǱĵ档
˱ۣʵȷ뿪½Ҵ󣬾һֱס
ĸ̾һѾʵĵˡ
ӣ´һ·׷飬ι뿪½Ҵ֮Ůװһ·Ŷ㵽ɽж˰࣬Ϸ򸾷ִɽ뿪ġ
¼ԼһҪվĵļƣϽȰӣзɸ봫飬ѾּˣǻǸϽȥɡ
׿ͷһʱھе˻ûдϢ𣿡
Ϣʱһֱ׷鰢ιˣһǵˣйеİһɱֵˣֻȷǴӾɳģȴò֤
ĸ¸꣬ԵҲ֪̲֮꣬סΪǣӣǼĻֱָ֮ٲȥǾҪ鵽
ٸʵ׵׷ȥʲô壬Ľֺ͵׷ɱιȺɽһԼҹָʹġ
ʱһҪݣΪ˼˲òȥҪβһкۼɨɾȴ飬׷飬ԽģֻһˣͣĿԼ
Ҳһˣ꽫ζɽл㣬һȺɽè׽һȥˣүʱϵ˾ҪȻιһˣҪĿˡ
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ֻܹŪ˰ɡ
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ٿһ£ԼҲǰûֱ佫Ϣ˻Ҫţϱӵˡ
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ǵĲ°ĺܺãչ˵ĺܺãݣԸҲǵģպúõҪһƬ⡣
ʮʣл£л
ʮܴӰתǶٰһȴõ顣ڰУһɽҰΪ˰ʮߺϣȫõĻ䡣ÿÿἰЦ档
̩м˴£ֵ֪ðʮȥһ£Ž֮ʹһݡ̩λεĽͣһ԰ξְ޾ϸչ˺ͱ
ϲ£ڴǰֻϲȴֻһƬ̿֡
Щʱգ׷Ҷ¶һ£еʥʧһ£üĿֻһָʵľ֪ţǰ·ʵڲ֪ڡ
̩ۻλ˯šڴǰãų˴齣СĽ˱˻
硣


63

εһ硱, ı̩͵ȥˤȥǧεĳ, Ȼոػʱ, ǲ֪þϲ
磬û, ƽˣ̫ˡ
ζ˿δ, ʵ, ı̩۽˰죬ûס, ˫۽ӵ˻С
硣
, ӴԺ, ޻һֱ, ҲŪˡ
ܵζһ̩һİ˼ˡеʶ, Ұֻϳݣδȫǰ
ûϵˣһ죬ȫ, Թ, ҲûйϵˣֻҪԼ߾ͺá
ҹѾܣѾӵ˻, ȴֱʱһ̩вԲˡȻĹм䣬ֻҪУֻҪԸڣһоͶûʲôµġһΣҲκ˺Ļˡ
§ڻЦ̾ڼˣһ˺þã̫ˡοɻˣ
ҡҡͷֻǵôǰһЩ£ǵøҪˣΣգܴһߣȻͲǵˣһЩҲǶ϶ġǰʱҲ˵һΣζˡ
ЩˣѷǣҶǴǰǰģˡ
ܵĳĬָ̧̩Сע۾һһĶΣʲô£ҪŸ硣κҪ֪£ֱʸͺãҪκ˵Ļòã
ҪͷȴΪգԺӵĺо֮ɫ
̩ô벻ʲô̲ס̾һȥϵΡ
Բ𣬸ˣԺҲˡŸ磬ٸһʱ䣬ʱ򣬸һжģΪʲôͻȻͬΪ
һ£ڵıܿĿ⡣
ιԣ磬òãˣӦôһߵģӦһֱ㣬ʱ̲ģ粻֪жڡ
Ҫ뿪ޡ
ޣΣҪǵã޵ˣûжԲκˣûжԲƣЩ£޶һġ
Уӽס˭㣬㶼شѾ̫没ˣĸ٣ҲԽƵ
ˣ㻹Ǹްɣȥȥٵȵȣܿͻõġ
̩ԽԽģǾð˽˭ģʱ̰Լǰźá
հϢһգȥ鷿òã˽Ĺζϣп̡
뵽ҪϢԭ̩۲ϧİһǵİ࣬㡣
ˣ޲㣬޴ȥһȪⷦȻ˯һᣬţ
˱ȥ˺ߵȪӡ
ٳʱĻԺıԹŸƭˣ˯˹ȥ
һĻʵ۱СĽ˷£Ա˰죬뿪ʱּ⣬ûκ˲׼
飬޻֮ǰŰɣǵ˵ĻκˡһŵӳЩʱ㹬Ĳã鷿ĺʰȥ鷿ϰ֡
ˡЩףǴ˳ȥЩʷǡ
ûڣӦѾϰˡϢ˳ȥͶֽ⹬һɣҲ׼ĸٳ֮ʱʲôӡ
ţԪһʦؾɡ
УļǰŸյңˡ
ӣλׯҶߵǸֶˣаŵĺܣǵһֱţǺúõĴԺƾʧˡ
ʲôʱ£źСѾأ
ǰСѾ߱ׯɳȥˡ´˽ұˣһۼҲûУ֪ģֻйаˡ
ļ̷ӦˣڲҹҶѾͷжˡ
ӣҪȥĸ밲
ļٿ̫ո˯ڳ̲סЦһ䣺ϡ棬СӾȻûȥ֣пִʲô˰ɣ
ĴһĿЦ̫Ҿǹĸ˽ֶֶĸ
̫Цһۣʾ⹬˶ȥֻ˳ź
ĸׯĪͻȻ˴ˣֶҲ֪ǻϵ˻Ҷҵ˸ɵġ
̫һĪĿׯĪ˭ȥ°˼ҵСӸ㵱ˣ


64

ļоԩ, ʵ͸аˣѾܾúܾûгȥϷСˡ
ĸ, ϴ˲, ȥͿʼ뷨ӣҶص, Ͳ鵽ׯĪϣǳ޻ͨתҶϵġҶ˵Զ, Ҷׯס˶, 񣬼öԷΡ
, ̫ıȻ, ΪʲôҪѽ
һ, Ϊֱ֪¼, 汻׿ˣһ¶˹٣Ѻ뾩, ׯĪҲСҶңȴ֮⣬ŵҰ, Ͱ̳
ֱ̫, ֶ̰֣ôһ˵ǿǰ׿˺üµʱץˣ潫˴ӴŪ, ׿֪ˣðҶ߹ȥ
Ȼ˲ܰȣǿԸһЩġʧܣҶҿʼ׷£ŵ˳޴ȥֶֶһŮӹ¿ģⲻһʱ֮ͽ˰ҵıԺˡ˭뵽סĺúõģͻȻͲˣһ𲻼ģҶߵ֣ΪׯĪ˰ףŸһ˳
ֶЩԣǱߵ˶֣͸Ͻĸˡ
ļָָ鷿ķ̫һᣬ˿ֻ֣⣬ĵ˳ȥȥˡ
ղ˵ϰ㣬ֻһɣأ
ļԥ˰죬ſڣҲֶׯĪŵ֪ģλͲΪಡȥׯϵ壬ǺܶǰʧˣѰЩģôģû֪ء˵ܻҶ£ҪлֶأҪֶһ˫۰˳ҶҲֲ
⻰˵ľͼҪˣ̫룬֪ôҵ˼ҵġ
̫һ£ʵ˼˵Ҷ꣬䷢ʲô£˭Ҳ֪Ҷҵ˶֪飿ȷ
׿ȴ˼һת⣺ֶȷ¶ֶˡ
ʲôˣׯĪ²ˣʵʵĵȥͣһ㡣֪Ҷǵһγг裬ǻϵͷأвȥɨϵˣҪȻ£ҿɲ㡣
ĸģֶ֪ˣȥһĻúõ
ҪɢҶǵϢҲԲôûɫԳֵġȻһ㣬ǹֶĬˣ˵ڵġ
ȻΣ̫˼ˣ֮Իôʣ֪ҶҶԵ²鵽ˡʵϣСõ£̫ҪԼǲҪȥ̩ۺǸҶǵģڻС
ļȻ˹ȻҪȥĹһԼõġ
ƼⲻҪһ̩ͨ۶Ҷ磨ΣĶ裬Ī䣬⵹ԽᶨҪ˸µ˼ˡңѡѾҺˡ
ӣ̩۹Ȼԣϳһֱδߡ
鷿ʱξԱ߶дֻ̩ϾʱͻָһдξͻȥԼġ
Сŷ鷿ζ⿳ոȤ̩ҲרһŮżһЩ²ʽġ
οˣ̩۾ͿˣҲˣźҲˡ
ЪһЪɣ簾
ǶʷˣǰҶϷ˲ٽ̵֪ϵĶ࣬뵱һֱ̩ߣ֪ʵ۲ֻ࣬ܡί
ǵģڰοϲܣǽǴڽĴСﴩĸŶˣÿ۾鹫£ԼȤͳͳòʵίĺܣǸѾˣЩʷҪʱʱ̶̿ţ¶ҪȰɡ
۵ĲУСŷܵĸˣŷĸ̩ĥµĳʳԶ֣Ӽõƣһ㶼δֵ֮Ϊ̩Ь࣬ԾԾԵҪ̩׽Ŵıװѡɫ޵ĺܣ̩ϲɫϡ
ֻϧװһףϾͱ̩ûˡ
ǲϲЩϵɫʽ۹ܺõģ糤ĺÿ⼸ɫ϶ÿţȽлˣٴ
ܹһ۾Ϳıʣʵ۱ǲעתˣΧڱߴתʱء


65

ȻȻ, ȴʼסˡ
ÿ̩ӵʱ̫ˣͻİһ, ˹ճȥתһתȻ, ̩þܾСԸǣ԰, 㳣Ӱ
ûգ԰б˲ѶӰ
һ, Ϊ̩˼λ, αԻ֮, , ʱ, Ҫȥ̩ۻ
ɫ, ˣһ·Źȥ
Դסʵ۱¾ûз˻㹬Ĵ㡣е˱, һ㹬ңһź
ԴӳǰЩӰٿյ£̩ڵʱǱضҪ粽ߵ, , һ㹬ͳĴŮɪ˹ź
ɪЦӦˣһ߷̰θ, һ߰ʹɫȥСϲšڰγУ߱棬ла
ɪ鷿Ǳ߾ͲҪȥˣٴЩˣĹȥȥˣ԰ٹһ䡣
ɪӦˣӶһۣ˶۵Ц⣬ھƼˣ̲סĵĺոЩ֬
̩£ҪܹܾĹ뵽ϾҪ뾩λһ£˻֣ɡ
ôɣεˣЦеĽʢװӭ鷿龰״͵ͣ˽Ų
ƽ鷿üĿǹص˴
̩ĵķҳƬ̣ŵ˵һ䣺ɡôҵˣкҪ£
ֻ򵥵һ仰Ʋ˹
ǰ̫ˣΪ˶ԼģҲĳ谮ҪҶ˹ʵ۱ͻȻ飬Զˡ
Ѿ˴ǰô˵İɣҪعأԽԽĽޣ鷿ĵطżù˴ΪЩҹ鷿Χǰ벽ҿ䵽Щ鷳
ǸҶȴճ鷿ںһһգϵЩȴ㲻һӲĶûС
ҧ´ǿסԼЪ˹ĳ嶯
檶ղ£Ŷǰ
̩ĿĵΪҹ鷿Ҫ£Ͼ֪ĹȻں󹬽һЩػ֪һЩġ
γԣ
ԣҲ˲ʲôزˣ͵̧ͷ̩ۣһ¡
ָƶƶԿЩƶҵҵĴ󹬣㲻ҳһΪǣȴ˺ģ涼ϼǰĶ綼ǵ𣿡
̩һžһ鶪ϣ޻Ϊϴģ޸߹ˡ飬Сü˷Ĺ￴һ
ţȴ򶨵ĺܡ˼Źʹ治ɫĽ˹ȥٵ֮СĵĽǼҳֽݻ󸣣Ż¡
飬볼檰ϵûСգҶǹƻ³һ£̫ŭּؽСãڣ檵ʱΪҶ̫顣к֮ģֺαضһأ˵ٿж̫ͻˣָʹĶ
ȻԴһЩ£ȴ򲻸ҵģĽ쵽ٿ顣
ڵأֻ˵ûйƻޣңѧջŵϰף΢ȥҶңѾĸˣϵûСֻСΣȥһǾͼˡ
̩̾һߵǰͣᣬģ䣬ֻûʵ۱ѥǽǶ⣬·һ̾Ҫ
ΪĻָʹ֮δ鰸ʵ޷ģֻսߣԻţ̤ʵһЩ

µúͺĹûйϵܻġãҲʡ޶ּˣûȥú๬ˣŴȥúĵɡ֮ǰͲҪˡ
ҪƱ˼ˡ
Ӧ֪޵ƢƽｾЩЩСѹ󹬵ˣ޶⣬ֻǲеģÿҪúüסˡһΣ޾κ˶֡
ƵһһʹҲùΪûǾ˫˫ˣȥɡǸѾͷûк³ҶҲһֲ˺á
Ҫ֪ЩôҶ
ҪŶףƽйͣ人ͣ

66

ƽ̩۵, ʱ򣬷·ܲסһ, ӻһﵹȥ, ȴ̩۲ܿˡ
վһЩĺá
ƺķӦһ, ۵ʱǧٳоò, ۵ʱ, Ҫж顣
еӲ˲ᣬ檽ּ, ȥͺúù, ڹнŲ, ǺĹй, 檾Ϣ
һ٣ֻһף̩۵ÿμҶ, ͬ˹ˣ۰ͱһġ
ԣƶѱһ, ҪҶڹйĺ, ĸ绹ҪЩǡ
֪㵽ΪֹĻãƴ, ˡ
ɪζ鷿ķȴٳٲǰҪȥ԰תһתɣ÷
̧֣ˣӦæˣ߰ɡ
һߣһȥ˲ɱ鷿ſͷɵĺܣλմĶϵ硣
ɫǳļ̧££ϵ磬Ҫ鷿ߡ
ҶղԽˡ
ͣ½ŲĿݡ
ǰһŰοֿһһã̲סºͱһλˣʵ̫ˣѹֱ»õɡÿμö鲻ԽҪ׽οɵءֻҪѽժժӦµġ
˵ţһһǰŰζߵÿҪҪûѽɾʲôûˡŶԣ˵ˣ¿һ޲ģùǻûãоֹҲҪǸ˲СҪȻ㿴Щˣ֮ôͶأҲ⣬ΪѧĲ𣿡
һľȣֱ˺һЦҲûţʲôҪ֪ģֻұһ֪޲ԣ޲ȫ
δ΢̣۵Ц⣺л֪Ҳллλ뱾ĹˡҲţûʲô֪ģ˵ˣϲ⸱ӣĶϲ
ƱǾ䡰Ķϲ̼ˣǿЦô룬̫ˣǸ⣬Ĺһ
ƽӣȻתԶС
̩С̫ЦŷԸ󸣸磺ǿʱˣչ
ʰ׵ҲȰˣʹȥ͸һȲ˵ŴԼСǾ䡰Ķϲ̩۵һЦ⡣
ʵ۱ϲķ֣ԴԼСָ˲ݼ䣬ݣͱòһˡҲ빬ʱǸĳ谮ȻܣһӦһȻĽģ
ˣͻᱻȥ԰й䣬ǴĻҪҶͺǻʳСһ㣬Ľģ㲻̱˶׽һ㣬˼һ󷽷ܻ䣬һҲԼСʸģЩ˼޵Ŀ⣬ǰ㲻ģʦͨѧòѹԷ
ŴԵСµڽУάʱҲʱǽǷݲСĲֺ޲ùǵ˵ĸܡ
̩ۺЦ˵˽ǰſ˫ۣһѽס˵ļˣȻڳһͽӵļָ̧С°ͣϷƣĶϲտʲôһĵط
һЦ£檽յĿ֬Ŷ
̩аСȴ̲סջ磬źĹıȥ
ȥʱȻδ˽ǣֶСв֪ʲôСܣʱʱľͻῴһۣȻԼ͵֡
֪ȥֻСĵĽ˻ãŽ¡
յͻȻͻ˾欶飬ǵ۾Ʋס˵һ繲֮󣬰αʵ۱ӵڻл˯ȴǿŲ˯Цʵ£˵ԭǼλˣ볼檳е񣬳ôûзأ˵˳ˣ¾ͻժժ
ĴЦԭϲһɵѾͷ񣬲һ˿ӰӰˡǻ֮󣬺Ҳܿţƾһ˿һˡ
Цˣʵ۱ºܸɴ̹׵һ㣬ɵͷĲһ˿ˣ۾һģбһģĳһЩģǵȵλʱ͵ģ޵겻ýǴˣŷҲҪ¼ڹŪЩ󳼣㽫ˡǻһѡֻ̣ǰƺϲأޱҲһλݣһ֮պˣԽ˵˵
յǻ꣬ʵ˼ҪʱԵʣ㳣ᵽѡһ˵һ˵ԼС£ȻĸмȴҲ֪֮࣬㲻ȥˡЩǲҪԼСװ֪ˡ
Сüͷ룬뿵ѡ̵ǵǾ֮ͣ벻¾ȻΪһλݡ
ժժأһģ¾͸ժ𣿡
̩۳ЦЦԼұڸڿء
ⳤһɲУ˲СֻҼҰΣҪʲôʲôҪժǾժǣҪժժ
ѹ˫ԭĸź󱳴ŰζĴ־ֲʵҪժժҶԼĵڶտ쵽ʱ˲ѡ


67

ѳ, Ѿˣֲ̫ȥ밲, ͸ɴ, ѹʲôĶͳͳԺֱɢһͷٳ, һ˶дС
Ȼö»ûƴС۸, ͹Сｫһٱˡ˵ָ̩˶, ֪˵飬ԭ, дСǻԵĻѽ, ˹ıƺĶ񶾹Ѹѽ, һļ˹Ϊ檵̻Ůѽ, ֱ˳ֲˣһûС
ΪרдһᣬȰѹ˶˳ȥ, Ϊд̫Ƥ̫רעˣʵ۱»ûܼʱ֣׽һΡ
˳ַ˷д˴СʹŮ˹Ƕ񶾽Ϸ˶, ̲סЦЦĿ˰һۡС׸, Ҳôɰ
ﵱϣŽĹ˻ʵ۱»ͼɫɻءҪǻʵ۱ûŵķ, ҶǺҲҪڴ϶ȹˡ
˰죬һţһȥС鷿һһĿһ裬һۣһڻʵ۱Ĭ֮¹дС
Դ˴鷿ְһ¨ӵۣűһӵӣкǸпԴס˽ʹˣҲǸ޹ˣҲģԽԽǰˡ
ǰ̩˵һ֮ˣȴ˼ҵζʱǣҵĵطĻʵ۱ǰѹ´Ҳÿһյʱ䶼̫ûüСһ͹ȥˡ
ĸпʵ۱´ԽĸЧ࣬һЩɿֵȨҲĵķ˳ȥͬģԳǵҪҲԽԽϸһЩϺȵļһֱӾͱ̩ӳ˾ǣӵȥˡ
òæ꣬Ȼˣһҹ˴磬˾ûгȥɢ޵һμǣһС
ȵ˯ˣ̩ԺģͻȻС￴ĶǶ񶾽ݺֶΣôôϤһͷͻȻԺ
СǰһֱȥʱԼŵģ϶ȥʶªնһ棬СЩ˶ôдô˺޵ģǲǶǱһһԭΣ棬ǲǶʱ֮µӰӣ
뵽ЩӹӴǰʱǲҲдС㶼Ҫһ
εСҶ֮дġ֮ǰŲļеĲΣǷݱīֽǮѽ
˰дļСһ˺ܾá뿴СһʱһУȴ֣ȻСʧȥ˴ǰļ䣬ЩС棬ĶڽӰ
ķ֣ǱʶСη䱸˾ȻĸСЩüĿϸ˶ŰصĶ񶾵һ档뵽̫ĻСʱͱҩ˹ȥ֮£ͻȻָֻǣ̫Ҫ֤ĵط
飬ȥΣҪһׯĪǸ֡УýϣԴһˣл
̫ڴůʱڣ̩۵ǻһΪĸ٣ʾ£ĸ׼ľȫ
Ҷһα̩۵ȥ񲿣Э̫֮¡һΣǵĺܣʮ㣬˵ˣԼֶŮڹܳĺܣͷҪǹλĹˡ
æߵ£ҪʱʱĻһˣһԼ̯£Ȼæµȴ緢·ŷһ
һգͬźȾƣ˴Ŷ˼ظʱɫĸŮԺӭһź򣬵˯֮ʱųûҪŮһȥʥɽСסյ¡
ҶͷҲû룬ӦˣƱԸԼСԼǹȥԸ꣬ͷ˯ڶѾװĸɸɾŹٽϳȥˡ
Ҷ֪£ĸŮѾҶɵȥˡ
ûգҶϷţׯŹֵĽͨ˵򱱺ϷãʱѾڸˣҦϷһͬеģĸŮ
ҶüϷʧЦλǣ˻ôףҲݾֱˣ硣ֻϼһôܵˣ׼û¡
򱱺ϷʱԼոǿûٺΪǾй֮ΨֲĶ󡣻簮һ׵ɷ򣬼֮Ȼࡣһʹˣ߶ˣҶϷżἰλҲЩϱ簮СЩС£Ǻٳˡ
Ҷ˻˻֣ˣҦ׷ǵ˸ǰͷݣк򱱺ӵ¼˵˵
Ϸ˰˰֣ŮӺϣⲻʲô¡˵ˣϼһﲻô˵µġ
û뵽ģλ򱱺ҦϷ˻ĺĺһžֹ˵Ӵ£ҶϷ⻰ӣҪȥһֱĸͺȰԼĸߵǰΪԼ׷Ҷ͸֣֮صǸ
ҦϷ˼⸱ģһĺɸ֣ȴûڴϾʹĵ⣺ղЩϽ㣬ԺԸĹҪõĲǡҽţȫһ⡣㸮ϵ͹ʥֺЩȥȶʦ̫ķǺŹԼҽõϽ㻹֪ɣײˣ˻ҪȻ˼գ˵Щ͵ô龩ǡ
ССס£ʱǵĻһʱ嶯˳ȥǶôһСӵΪλ˼£ǻᱻ˷˵һǵĲǣʲôģϽ㾡ᡣ
ҦԼĸĻһȥʩһɫֶͨĸȥԲһͳתƣߵʥֺ÷֣λҶСںͼλ˹˵ʥʧֶԽ˵Խ񻰣̸侹ȻʾЩһֱ⣬ÿҶҶ෽ڣ˵˺ܹݵĻ²ֵطֶʱͷͳ˳ȥλҶСĸˣֱ˽ǴһɽϷ˺Ҷĸˡ˻ء
ҦɽʱѾڵĲУ±ģΪ˷飬ƫƫ֮ǰ׷ͷݣǱһɾˡ
ҶϷЩĲ㵱ˤ˱ӣѼǻǺúȥһ飬˭ôն񣬲ľ֡
Ͻ㻹ôǣһ۾Ϳ⿴ˣɵĺܣһ÷Ȳģвٳ฾²ǸʡĵˡҪ˵£ȷӺͿֱӾͳ˳ȥۣİ˻¡˵ҶҼλӶýѣϽ㣬ȻòˣҲֻʸˣǺʲôҪģϽ˴ɡ
λҦϷ˵Ҫһʽ飬øСӳͷ͵һɣȴʶȤҲû³ŵ͸ɴĴˡ
һһٻ򱱺㲻ἰ¡ν֮Ҧܴһֱŷӳȥѧ̫̫᲻ӣŲáȥҶ֮ûգ̫̫ͼװڱС˵ˣͬҦ³ķͬһȥѧ¡
ļµĻ㱨ȻҦҧĳ֣ȴãװִЧã˻
С¶ǵӣ֪һūſ˵λҶǺܵóء
ϻЩһֵַĴţȥ͹裬ö֣Ǳ߾Ͳ֪ˣСǰƯˡ
ļ뵽ʱ˫ƯĴ۾ѵõһ˿βᣬתֱ׵Ժĵģǰ׿Ǳߡ
ȥһаƻС׿ҪؾˣĸٳһϻģǵСĵ㣬һ¶үˣǲˡ
СаԸ̾һүʵʵȥˡ
ԼҸŵ׿ʱ״̬ǳá
̽ҹ̣ͣĿʼܵ񣬺ò׵һԷȴʼϲһˡһЩ£׿һЩر𲻺õԤСһΣ½ԣ뾩ĸ٣ҲǴشˡֻϣһжˡ
գѼ㹻֤ݣԭӦֱӷ׿ȴ󷽵ĸ˷һ٣һҲĿջסôܺúϢա֮ǰǴ඼ЪϢҰġһʱ̫ϣһҲ±¶١
һ̬üĸЩ̽ӣߵ¼ȻѾˣǻ̰ɣҪȻ͸ϲ̫ٳˡ
Щ»¶ۣһҪȥ£գպ󷵾


68

ԽԽ, һǳһλٿ, ̫밲ӡ밲, ̫ͽ˶ӷĳﱸ֮¡
, ̩ҪڹΪӷϴһسҲḰ硣
, дСϯλߵĹٳֵ, һΣȴ岻Ϊˡ, Ҳȷ¡̶̵ʱ, ˶, ˭ܿüġ֪, ⲡһ没һĲ˵ǰʢĹ, Щˣĸµûء
һʱ䣬˿εĿֶ⣬Ҷȴĺ, ʼһЦ, ֱͦżׯš
ԼܣȴƫҪŰˮ岻ʣΪ̫, Ҷȴǿʤεġһ˳ҶõλߣţÿҶ˽ģҶ˿Ǿĵµĺ֣Щ꣬ѧ˲Ҷ˵ı죬ٳССĽӷ磬϶ڻ¡
Ҫ˵ȵþΪ֮Խֽãô֡
˵ţζɨһȦ׵ǡ֮ʣѾӦǰ檲ţԸΪ֣ЩԸ̫׼
˴ͷģһȺݺݺĶӧ˭ҪһֵĻᣬܽʵ۱Ӵٺòˡ
̫·ʲôҲûһ㣬˭ЦӦ£ãããѵġ뾩꣬ѵûصЩСǾһкľͳ⣬ûкľʹֳĺҪӷƯƯġ£Ҷͳɡ
İõ檽ּ̫⣬һĽֻĸλæ֮£Ϊף̫ջּܲ
˵꣬Ҳȥ̫ɫתƵ檱Ѿ׼ӦˣͷΪ檲ˡֻǳڼѧв֪ͬԭһᣬҪôǰæޣʵڷɲôĻ
ЦЦֵߣΪ⹬֣ԭͷֹȷҲ׿ﱸһ£룬Ӧֵܷأ㡾ְȫϳ檵İɣӦҲ̫ͱʧ붪˴󾸻ҵ档Դ£ͷһԮ֣ųһһ㹻ˣڴлλˡ
̫ˬĺܣ½㣬ȻȫȨ𣬼Ȼ˵Ҫ˾ͶȥŰɡ
βŲЩ˵Ŀأֶ̫һһģҪЩеŮ˶ңպͷۣڵ̫һΣ˶ˣô̫ҲϲҲܶˣҪȵġ
ٿξֱȥ㹬˰ѳֺ˹
ǹˣεỹֶˡҪһ깬Ķͷ͹䣬Լɺʱ㹬Ʒ裬㸺׼һ¡
ӿԼСеĻɰЦġ￴棬ȴһ㰡ƷۻĵطԼ㹬ʵǺãûżµĻᣬλҪʧˡ
ȳȥæˣַԸ㴫Ϣȥôĸӽ˵ˣͽһˡĸϲ÷⣬СһЩֵĵĳʳҲǱһЩ
Ʒǣչ棬ÿѮټ빬ĻᣬҪ̫߻ˡ
ᣬȥСⷿ￴һЩ
ȵת꣬ȥСŷųһ̩ʳȥʵ۱ǰ
ֱæµĻʵ۱һţ˵Լίε£̽⼸Ұ㹬ȥס¡ʵأҲӦóסġ
ʱ̩ѷᣬǹĹأС󵱳ͱˡ
£ÿչʼˣĽȥ졣ǹ龩ɲΪ˹ǺóԺúȺġ÷ϣôô죬¨޸ءǿҵ£޿Щʱиѽȥ޿ҪúöһˣĲã޿Ҫġ
⻰˵ʵζĴ֣װ׶С̩Ľǵߵˣ׼ˡ
£˴ĸϯ£ϳܲѽ
̩һĲԸţ߾͸ϽҪŶ
֣ס˻ʵ۱µĲӣһЦһǣл¡лл۰Ρ
һŷֿһæ£һ㹬ȥС׼ŵ¡
ĸ㣬ҪģŷĿ¹ⲻɪȥһʣǽܲٸһݡ
Цǰ˵Ŀζū֪Ĳʽūﶢžͺãﲻȥ˯һȴ˽ˣҲܾһЩ˿Ҳˡ
˯ϰߣΪҶҪЩ˷ܣûо롣ҲǰȰ˼䣬Żڵ˯ȥˡ
˯ǰĵĶӵȴĸˣǵȥӭһӭ
ҶԭеӽĴ㣬õ䴫Ϣ̾͵ӣͽ˹
һˡһŮ˹ĺòãһĿȻҵ⹬еӣԹĲɫƭ˵ġ
ͽɵ˴˳ȥֻһԣҶδ꣬˹ȥϾͲˡ
ĸڽˣκ㰡
Ҷ⻰ˣǵˣôôɫܺãͷ۵ëһЩˣҹﻹجǽ̫ҽҩﻹ𣿡
ֻлϲĲУĸİɣ´ҺܺãЩһֱסΪ˼Ż㹬ġбµţħֶҳˣҹ˯ĺءͷ۵ëЩûзˣ²ͣҩֻý̫ҽҩӣ˲ٵҩȥ
ʵΪʵ۱´һҹ̩ͷǹŻţֻͷ۵ë࣬Ҳ˲٣ãǲȱļ䣬Ҳܿͻˡ
棬ɲ˵Ȼ²ͣҩͺúóŰɣɲ뻵˹ȥͷ۵ë޼Ҫ׵˲УҪȻ˵Ҫˣпͷˡס£̫û˵ʲô𣿡
ҶЩǣľֿɲʲô£ο裬һ˶ˡгһʧ裬Ҫǽˡ
νЦЦĸصǣбءϴε£ٿͺĹ˭Ҳûнһ̫ҺͱµѾӶˡˣҲзӦԡ游Ҳ˵󹬶Ǳµģ˳Ӧʥ⣬ּġ
Ԫڿ֣

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һ, ʵһֱĺͨ͸һΣҲǻ, ҲҪˡ
Ще, ȻѾ˹ԩҶͷ, 㱾ܳ裬ѵǾͻϲɡܹҲΪ˿Ǳ, ͽƳȥ˵, Щ˶Ա˵İ, ֺαء
Ҷʮķһ, ̱һģ, ˻Ҷ˻, ˺һᣬо
ʵ˵ǰθϯ֮£ҲǸ, һʽĥ»ٿĿİţٰ´ȥ, ٶ, ҲҪʲôⶽһ£ǻλ
û, Ҷֶӷ粻ֻҪͳɡ֪Ҫĸⶣһ䣬˵´˴⡣˽ǧҪСģϣ㹬ҲҪˣǧ˿ӡ̫磬򲻿ɲ֣Ƕĵʱбʡ֮Уʲô¶пܷġ
ԣ۾תת֪ڴʲô⣬Ҷһǡ
һ£ûټҲ׼ˡ
Ҷ˽§һ˹˵ҶĸŮͱ¨ӣһ߰Űεĺ󱳡
УıģأǸѾͷȻļˣΪ˼޸ȻҶҲ׼ˣγͺúóȫȫ
δɫĸȥ֮ʲôҲǴȥˣ²˵ƣһ˵ˣǺ¡ȹŰɣҵĻ¾˰ɣȥ˼ˡҪȥûпܵġȻһûȫָ䣬ƾԹ޷ˣ޸ļΪѵĻԼĸǷ˰ɣǴ󲮸˵Ǳ˼ɲںʲô˵ЩΣˣ»ġ
Ҷο᣺˵Ķԣˡղǻָ䣬ǰˣ
δǰȥҶ˶˼䣬Ҷһ𾪣ȻǾϲɻ
Щ£Ժ˵ĸȥ֮󣬰ת游Ҫ˼ҰҲ¡
ٴθǰ˵£˵֪߾Ȼ˹ƽĺܡ
ĸҲͲµ˰ɣ尢ʵǸȥѰұҵˣ˹еҲǺ£Ǿܼˡ
Ͳµˣ
ţʵܾ֮ǰԼµˣ尢żȻô۰ңȴڸǲסʶĹЩʲôϵأЩģЩĵҲģ㹻ˡһָϳգͲµǶǸұҵԶҵļˡ
Ҷû˵飬Ҫ˷˵Ĳʵ
˵żЩ£˺ܾãϾҪ֮ˣǰСⷿѡ̨Ƿֱ͸ԼҵֵģҶת
ŵʱ̩ĵˣ͹ģ߻Ѱα˺̩۵Լ
ǰڶ˾ǣ˶죬̩۵ڳȺ˳Ϊλүӷ硣
ĹһϾ쳣СŮȾָʱֶһ£ͱʷ˴졣
Ľӷ磬ϣĹؾƽƽûʲôʵĵطҲûʲôָժĵط
εһγڳǰѾľ͵ˣȻ޾Щ޻ĴĿУһ쳣𾪵Ŀ⡣
ٺͷסе𾪺׺ݣȻٴξٱԵĶƱյｻ䣬ĺȵľЩˣû⵽ΰд
׿̫ǰҹ뾩ģҹ̩ۣҴ빬ɽӪ
̫һ죬ʱĩʹͶǿٶıæµţҲѵõûľͻݵԷ̩ۻۡ⸱ֽͻݵСģǵ̩ϲĲˡ
ʵ۱½§ڻϸϸ첻ҪߣͺúţʱСϲȥ
ɼĵ˵ͷ˫ֽ§ɿ
Դռ⼸쾭µĲУֻϣԼˣֱҹǸΡѹʱϾ˼˭ֻĵۣΪŵˣһ죬̵֪࣬ҪԿ
̩תͷַԸӺˣҪʱߣ벽뿪ˣʱ˶ȥ廳С޳ָ̧Сɵ°ͣʹͷ
ǲʲôҪ˵Ϊ޵ģ£ǾǣϻҲҪȰ
ĪһɽŵգٹٶʮֵľµѪɺӵ¼֡λسϰȻȴ߸ߵţǶ֪⼸գڱϣ˿ʼ룬̩Ҫô˻ᣬһٽԴ˴ﵽެĿġ
ȴ֪Ҫ֣볷ެ֮޹أֻЩѪծѪˡ
ĲǸ˰ɣ
̩ۻش𣬾֣£˽ƻˣɱ飬ĪҪԣֱ˽նɱ˰ɣܱѩޣһԾ
̩еɻһЦĶͷ£Ѿ׵վͻ׽ܲ鵽ҪǰλͼǸСǡ
Сġ


70

Ŀ̩۵뿪, ҧ´ԭվ˰죬ȻͻȻתܽڵ
˶, ֻӺߣǵڼʱ, 𣿱ʹһףһѺβ, ȫҪ
ﰵص˿֪תȥ, ĿǵԼ, ȴһֱڵͷ˼ûиоĿ⡣
֮, ЩһָļƬ, һδξ, ҹһ, ƴճ˹ȥ࣬˭֪Ǹ˵Ŀأò²һ쳣Į, Լ˭
ȴͶ˵࣬˵ࡣ
ϣ̫̩·İΰڳһׯģ, ʼһĨǳЦ, רע˵ĺشʣĿȴ͵͵ȺǵļҾϣЩ˲аЦ, ҶȻͻСʲôҲزסӣȴΪ塣
ֲѵĹ磬ҪԲĻȴͻʡ
ٺͻȻ˻һʲôȻͷǰ˹ȥδ̫̩Ѿ˲㻤м䡣
ӺͽɪӦѸٵһһҵ˰ǰĿ档
ת䣬һѽƳ˹Լǰһѩذ˲͵ĺ
ȵ𶯣Ѫһ߼ʵĺڴ˺ȾƣһɱǵӣΪҪǣĳ֣ʹЩʲô£
Ŵ˻λүɲһ߷ɿźۼȥһ߿˴ˣǴҲϽԼǰ档
ӺڨЦһ£ɤӵ֣ʲôлú˵ʺ񣬶ԻѪһ򰮻мӣôɱأ棬ǲʲô᣿˵߶һķⶼֱ
üž۾̩۲ţЦ˼ҶɱƬײֻʣˣ㻹ҡβܻأúݵģǻʱ˵ʲôֵ꣬˵ʲôỤʵѪȫŲ꣬ҪڣҪǸϾɱˣǲҲ̫ļˣ
˰֣ͻȻһΧסһ£ֻ֣೯Ҳ
ˣ޻Ůǵƫȱ裬λܾˡ
ݺݵĽذѹѹ˭ҲߣɱԭѾŮɵԭأ֪ߡ
ԶԶİĿ˿ҶŮķ򣬼λĸһ򶨵ĸߣűµָʾŷȫעĿ档
Цһͷڣĵٺż˵ʱأֻһ˫֣ҲֻˣЩŮ춼£Ҳٳֲ
򹫹İ˰֣ŮǱı֮ȥ
ֲֵ䣬һֱ䵽˻İΧȦԱߣŲòڨЦͣ˽Ų
߸粻ؽţ֮£ֻͳһһ֤
ȻʳǬԼӣȴֵֶڶࡣ̩һֵڶ࣬жʮеģӺеߣеھţµĶλһеʮһеʮߡ
긻ǿʱ򣬳Ǭ۾ܲã겡صʱַ˺Ϳ׽ֶɱҪΪѡһФֶм̻λȵѪɺӵʱȻȴѾֹˡӴĻңֻʣѪ
̩۵ǻ֮ڼλϳ֧£ҴĻӵܶ´˷أеĵһʱ佫˶ǲ͵ȥˡ˴һֱల£ֱ˴Ƿ뾩
ٺղŵĻ˵ˣ޿ֻӣҲֻҪɱ㡣ֻ㣬޹ءλүǲţ˳ȥ̽
࿴˿˭ҲûҶȴҲǵķӦֻǿ˿Ȼת̫ص˸֮ϡ
ٺ־µ̫ֱ̩һΣ泯Ĵǡ
λӦö֪ǰʱ䣬޳һˣȻˡҪлЩϢͨĴ̿ͣҪһ޻治֪Ҫ²ҵɱء
һƬȻ
겡صȵһͿ·ެòջɥʧǣְɱɱδȵǣЩӵ˾һ롣
ʱ·ӣȴֻн˵־һ·ߵĽ·ϮյźŵտԮ·ȫȴ֮زز


71

Ϊһֱ鲻Ϣ, ܶ˶ãֵѾڵǳսб˻ȸںɱ, ֻ˲ʧӰ١̩ȴδѰҵ, ҪԷҳҪ, Ҫʬ
ʱٺйأ, ܿɹʶ, 䡣
ǻ, 㷭ȥ˶ٱ, °ϵûС, Ϊ˳, 伫ԼӶˣҪǵʱ, ҵҪ㻹ҳʲôڣ
̩ۿ򹫹һۣ򹫹̸֤֤
ߴǶرĽѺһȺŮ˷ǰ, ̧׿ٺеİ͹, ˽Ƶıףһľᡣ
ڳһˣʹûдɱŽ, Ȧ˽͵Ʊͼͼı֮£ܲˡ
Щ˷Щ׵ʱɫͰˣ֪Լ׶༪ˡ
ϼˡ뵽ˣźۼеذףԼﳶ˳Ȼ˵һҹްնǿһҹ޵ˣû˫˫ɣȣźĺܰҿǽվһһԧ죬ȥǿĺ飬Σ
δʼעһֱϣʱģٿ˿ǱȻ˰죬ȴʼհװ׾ĲӣĪ֮è塣
ǰϸ鿴дδڱ˺ð죬ɫǰϴαʱ̿õ
˷֤Ѿˣ򹫹˽ǵĹ״λүλ󳼿һͷ޻˾дЩˣȤĶȥһ
ʱ̫ߵĳͻȻ̫̫ôˣ𼤶ˣ촫̫ҽ
ڵڵԺϽǰΪ̫Σ̩Ҳ̻ȥ̫ߡһʱ䣬Ȼû˴ˣٳֵƳûͷСµ˭Ҳﲻ㣬ɱ˱Ҳܲȥ˱պ˰¡
ĻȴҲûȥһܴһ̫ɻȻǾ֮ɫ𾪺Ϳϲ
һŵ̩ۣͻȻЦӵλʧ֮һҹڲʷߺжȹδ˳޹
һֱİпһ£ûע⣬ٵժͷϵӣĲСȻԤг档
ЦˣͻȻĴϣһ֮룬ҵļҾ첻ҲĹһܣΣϿ϶ɻҵô֪ͰԵĽ·ߵİɣϣֻҺǸйصˣ֪𰸡
̩ԣȻתüͷ˰죬ƺж⻰٣ϷһЩߡ
Ͽ϶ʹ˰ɣͰ뿪󣬲ͻȻ·ֿУǵ·ѡĺܺãλ˵İǾ׷ٲġĲ֪Ǹ˭𣿡
ʱѾ̫Ժ֮˹ɻĿ˿ܵˣֶۣ֮ǰ¡
̫վ޺޵ĶŭȵϣɱҪּɱĹûԵĶҪǧУҪ壬˷ܸο㸸Զ֮顣
Ժһͷĺ̫򲻿ٶŭ򲻿ɰ
ɵĵ̫ῪЦ񻹻ŵĻˣɶǱľ尡Ǳʲô˼ѽȻҪѪġ
̫ٴμŭģ˹ȥԺҽϽٴǰͳһСƿóöҩ轻˳֣ҪϽ̫¡
ƵӼɼĶ˶뵽Щ£һر˵Ĳ롣Ҫƴţû¶ʧı顣
̩۳˼Ƭ̣Ӧã޿ԴӦ㣬Щ޹صˣԻ˵ɣ˭·߸֪ģУ
̩ۻ£ԾƼһ£žȻһɣһѽ̩ۡ
˵̩۵ϣת䣬һѳסӣҧгݵָŰε£йܡ
Դļɢ˳ȥõϢƾͲ³˰εݡЩӣûһ첻ھźͿ־жȹģҪ̫նĸβǵùȥˣεĶͳðˡ
û뵽Ȼһ˺õĻᡣ


72

ﾹȻָ֤ҶǾǵǸй¶ٵ, Ⱥһ¡
λﲻҶҵС𣿲˵λСؾǰû뿪ׯôö˶˵ĺ͵ľǣϹϵˣ
², 벻, һ붼ҪµĽࡣ磬Ҷ൱ͦʥϵǻ, ǲβ磬Ĵŵǲ, Ҷһ糾Ů
ָʱ, ĵǸаӣҲղĺǸٺþָϳйܵ, Ļ, ¸жĶΪѽ
˭Ҳû뵽, һƬž, Ȱﰢ˵ľȻ̫ƣƶɺ˵⺢ǰҿųģȻƽЩԲ, ȴԲ¡
ԭѾǰһүü۽ɨɨһֱ治ɫֶҶ࣬ĵ˻ȥ
ͨһ˵ϣδ̫ͱˡ, 갢ʧٺ, ΪΪѾ˲⣬檲ͱ, ͵͵һ£
ϥ˫ֳ̩۵°ڣͷʵĵ֪ʵһֱֳ檵Ū˰ãǵ³򣬳±ģһֱ˵ࡣһգҰ¶ޣľˣʵڲʹѾפӪȦӣڼһû˵εط΢ԶһЩ˭뾹Ȼײ˰öһ˵Ǻ˷ǣһͲˡ
˵˵ȥˣ޵̩۽űߡ
Ѿ½·ˡչչȹڣ̬ׯԼλϣûҪǰΪԼ˼ӺͽɪȻһһҵĲǰĿŲԶǰԼһ裬ݵֱߣȻ˻ȥ
һֱ߶ĳаԸ̾Ҷ˵Ĵ䲻ൽʲôȱſޣǸȰѹ½ѽ
̩۲źۼͻȻˣȰȥΣЩʱ޺λүȥ󡣡
һֱͷƷӵ̧ͷֱ̩۵ϣԶš
̩ü:ղʲôҲû˵ȻʲôҲı⣬˸ṩֽʣסҪࡣ
ЦЦҲ˵ϧȡ»ҲҪλʱҲǱвȣΪ˻Ųò߳ġ
̩۲ԣֻǻ˻֣ǰҪ˴ȥҲûҪ˼һ˳ģ
ţϣ죬ˡҿˣֱӽٴɣй˵£ûҲĳ
̩۶̫󰲸ЦЦĸ飬޸ͬܣֻ޻һЩҪ£Ҫһĸģգ޶һĽ
̩۵Ŀصϣż˵ɣµΣһһ
̩۸ղһƵѾȥƫƫЦֻ˳óӲ˲ᣬ檵ʱһĻ־£ȴǺȥţֻĻӪءȵҹҪʱ򣬳ҵᣬߵѾ֧ȥ¡ʲôҲ˵ֻԹ粻ϴһߵ£Ϊһܣһ֮£˳Ķ˳ȥ檱Ϊȥġ˭֪ȵͣϢʱǲŷûϳȥѰҲһˣʬ
ԭΪΪͳֱŤûϳŻɽ⣬˲⡣Ϊײ˻£˺øԱ±˷֣ˡ
һķߺޣζתҶүŮ𣿲֪Ҷ֤ʵݵģλصҶҵģʧ֮ǵһƬѰ鶼һ񡣡
Ҷش̫Ҷʲô˼ң㱻˺Ūڹ˵֮£ǾŵġֻǷ¶Ҫ֤ݣһͬ뾩Щ˴಻ˣҶֲǵôǰˣ޷֤Լףֻˡҵ˼ͽҶʱ㹬֮ᡣһӦͻǰź٣ͷ˹ȥϾΣҶأ
ҶһзԣϳΪף̫ջسϳʹ˵һп֤֤
ԽԽأе㿨

73

Ƭ, źҡҡͷ͵ʱ, ҪҵʱܿȺ, ҲײϡʱֻҺҵѾ߿ˣϧǽ֮, һûˣһͷųȥ, ӵʱѲȥˡԱȻ, ʵʵ˵ȴȷò֤
Ҷಢ, תεϳٸ, ڹ˵, ֤֤֤Լף
Ҳҡͷ, ͬʱаң֮ǰΪ۸ûóȻָ֤ˡ֤ݣǰļҲδȫһ, ֶ֪ԴЩξǵö֤϶˵˱˵ġ¸ƽٳ谮ҲҪûĵš
Ҷүûж࿴ԼŮһ, תɫ̫, £λﱻ״һû֤֤ף״һҲû֤ݡϳΪ, ȫûбҪڴ˶Ѵ࣬һͬʣλﶼίЩʱգչ棬ù͹ٺ嵱갵ɱ֮£й֮Ȼҳʱ֮ϳܸͣ棬ͬҲҪϳ͡
һҶ⻰ƫ̻ľЩˣǾʵұ⻹ǵһ˵ָϻҲҪصģҪ˭վҴ˵Ķˣ
̫˵ǷʱѾˣʱ첽ǰֱ̫̩һЦתƵԲӡΪҶ˾٣ĹƽǰҪȥŸ״ҪȱӵģҲΪ෨͡ҪȻ˶ƾ޾ݾָףЩ˲ǶлɳˣͬģҪϳͣǲܸ֮Ȼñϳ͡
檿³£ȥεȺ˰ᣬ̫ͱ³ȫ
̫һǳ⡰̩֡۵ġ׼ˡͬʱ
ӭ̩ѽĿ⣬ٴθ񣺡л¡
̫ٴκǳ֣Ƕǻʹ㷸˴Ҳǹ֮У֮Уȥĵط
檶л̫һƬģֻǳӾСΪۺ챾ܳ裬ͱһηɱ֮ĲУ֮ĲޣҲڳǣӦҲŮɣ檾ãסﰲһЩ
ࡢ㡢˵ֻĺλ󳼸ϽͷװʲôҲû
̫ﱻ˵ȴ̽Ŀһۡ
뱻ΣΪ֪κһ̩۵ĵ̣ͭǽڣ첻ȥֵġ
ĸ󣬴»ͷϸʱˣλүλү˾£˶°ɡ
飬ȥһˣŮʰٷԸȥλЩʱյĳʳѭ
ȥͷЦˣ绹ġ
һߣŮǱȥƫûһᣬǳˡ
ҶϷ˺Ϸ˻빬ʱһнҪС빬Ůܶ࣬ķ·𿴲ͷĹϣ㽻̸ҲûС
ҶţŹҲõãӴԺҪ֮У߹ȵĹоʹĴ
صҶңһ˶ҶϷ˵һյȲ裬Ƕ
ϼɩ˵ֻǷֻȿڵ׼ٺȻڵڣߵ˻ţĻӦްġ
Ҷ˵ɫ̫ãֻŻŵģܾʲôõҪһ㣬˺ϵĻǿҲЦŸ˼䡣
ҶϷ˵˵ͷЩƣĵȻȥɣˣүʲô£ȥǡ
ҶԣϽĸλĸһҪҪ˵
˵ţ⿴һׯ֣ׯ̻ĴȥҶһ˵ǣһ£ҶϷϱˡ
ΪСҶöףڽСҶ浱㣬ԭѾ̸׵ȡˣձֻСҶ¸Լĸλĸһ˹ڴм̫ݣֻ첻ѡ
·ϣ룬ԶļУҳһòˣǸ˵ݽնλϵ̫غˡȻ̫ﾹȻǵҶ磨Σʥְλˡ
꣬ĸŮʥסСԺһƬ֣˯󣬳ȥƬ档һգһЩŵʱȡߡһ˵ͳȥˣ֣ȥ
ȵҹȥʱԶԶڸһ˵λȻǱȴʵںÿַʮ㣬һ۾Ҳ
˹ȥֻλ˵̱£̰Ǯʦ̫еطסзʦ̫ᱣǵģ˲ġûǮ˾סԺ
﻽λ˱˱ãʹߵѾ߾̵ܿˡȥ̻˹§űܡ
ҪұŶҼ񵽵ģǶǱ߲ҳÿ˵ܺ˵ǼҪȻ̾ͻᱻץˡ㣬ҰӶˣһҪҾ˵ղʱŪˡ
֪˵ССӣ˿ɰС״Ǵĸ˸ôģó˵ġ
Ҷ¼ȻӦãȥȻûкκ£ַ߶£¾ͱ˼Ҫǽռ̫Զˡ


74

֪һ, ֮࣬ÿжвͬĲ²⡣Ҫ˵, ҶϷ˾üͷ˰֡
Ϸֱͦ, 麱أڿʼͰǸղͳͳ, 䣬, ҲᡣǲҶл, ǾҪû˵¡
ϷһͬҶྭ, ֱŮ˵, һ꾩ĴС, ʶ̫Ǳĳʥ֮, һǣŲΪ֪ĻĲ²⡣
Ҷŵˣվĸ, ԲҲá
ҶϷ˺ܸɴĴĺܶԡ½㣬㲻ǿ, û㹻뱣ʱ, ΪǵܿǰﵹæΪŰΪܶ࣬ǡǡΪ
ҶϷİ, һɣȻȥϢɣʲô˵
ҶϷ˵һƣ̬Ͻˡ˶ˣҶϷ¶֮ɫׯַԸ:ЩҪһᣬҶЩүˣؽҡ
һգҶظʱѾҹˣϷ˵ԺȻŵƣһֱڵ
ҶǾϴ֣һҳѣȻһ棬ƣĿϣڽյ¶˵һ飬Ȼ̾ȻϷһֱԱģֱգŷԼǴ˱£С˱µıԶǡ°˲֪£˽׿ЩѼ֤ݣаͳЩܣ֮ѽԣ£㲻صģΣ϶дģҾɡ
Ϸ˳һҡͷ²סҽڼң½˵һ͵̫ҲǵĽйصľ£һЩõĲ²⡣
Ҷ˵ЩҶิһ飬Ȼɫصĵ¶˵ɣǴνʡףТ̫һΣʱƺҪ뿪ȴȵۣס˽ţҪҺżҴõٿ⣬
ȵ۳ǬʱҲͼΣֻǴȨն꣬ľͱȨĥʴԣӹŮɫͷһЩ˲ݵáһʼֻϲĸˣתϲ֮ޣԭһ꣬ɴڶˣϢĴ˿
Ҷ޵֮⣬ǻ̫ﵱȵۡ
ΪǴż뾩ϢһһҼǵúϴ½ȥʥֵʱ򣬽Ѿ뾩üˣΪʲôôǱĳʥ֣ߵĻأݣߵ˶ţֻǱĶеˣʱľмأ
ƫƫȴʱ̫ߣ¸ϲǣ¶ۡ
ҶϷ룬˾һҾ͵ӽ̫Ҫߵл̫֮˳̫֪һµľ¡
Ϊָ֤Σһ˵ϢǾЩȻ紫˵ûҶҵׯϣȴԭһֱڽġ
ҶҾŴ֮Ϸ˵Ҫл֮ˡ
Ҷ࿼ǵȴһ档ʧ֮ǺܿͷܱߵҪּ⣬õǱ˾ͳǷӪİæٹϵ׽˼ңҲڰаæѰҡܼѰ֮£ЩæѰıʿһϹΪʲôҪȥ
ʱͣԼﶼ˵㺢˵ߵʱΣϾˣºǰвһ£ֱѯӦöҵҶȫ֤ͻҶҡ
ǽûôΪʲô
ҶϷĿܣҪǣ֮ǰ²֮¡һҹλշת࣬ζԡ
ڶһ磬ҶȥϳˣϷ˻˴˽̸һ֮Ҷ˱ĸӣϱһȥⷿ˼ص׼ȥ
ģǵŹеĴˡֱҲûϢϱҪҪӵ£СѾ߽ͨϷˣˡ
Ҷ¸Ѿ˽˸񣬱ֱԵĸڿɷ㣿Ҫ˵
ҶϷһָĻҲһҹߡڣѾ֪Լк塣ʵ֤ΪûеõκγͷӴ޿֣Żһٴ
ھѵԼ֪˵Ȼ¸꣬ѾѰˣĲ²ͻҲûеõ𰸣öû壬˵
ҶһǿԼƽһһգżĸҲʥСסʹҺȥݼߵʱŲĸҺһһɰװ˽ӣرģΪӣԼȥƽˡ
꣬ҶҲ꣬һСӣԭüǵô¡ǣÿλ£ȴ·ǰ˵Ļ£õһɰĽ֮͵͵ЦĿɰģ𡣡)?( ? ?? ?)?
֮ǰҺȥ棬Сúһĸ˵ƽԽԽ飬ǮԽԽ飬ǮԼСõʱͲᣬ˵֪ӣȫǸˣԼĸһƽء
ԣİõǸװӵĺɰ֪ж໶ϲżסԺߵʱͳҪȥ棬ȴһھܾˣСֻίίǻԺӡ
ǳԹϵիС˵һҪɽظˣĶҪˡҶµķʱ򣬰͵͵ȥһˣҪȥĸƽ
Ҷ˵ˣҼ춼ˣܺ£ͺ˵׸ÿ˶ƽģĸҲУȥġúܼ֣˵ʲôҪȥ˵ײϲĸʱ϶ûĸǸƽһǼٵģҪԼȥ˭֪⻰ñˣʱû˵ʲôǲĺȥõͷ˸ôѣߣ˵ȥĸƽҶ죬Ҳ˵Щģҡ
Ҷ¿޵Щÿһ춼ںں𣬺ڵΪʲôҪ죬ΪʲôҪ˵ЩҲ˵ЩҲΪõĻᷢЩˡ
ҶϷһ˵ĵϺǳԾ֪ǵ⣬ЩĵҲѾ˵ĺǸﻹҪʣ˴ˣôһ£ѵҪһӲ𣿡
Ҷ˲ҪβϷҪ㣬ӼҷʥǰʻϣҶ˵۾֮Ǻɲܳеġ
һЩϸͻȻȥŷ֣磬ȻӰһӰϻһ̣һƺ״Ķԭŵʱ͵˵ϣҶ±ܵǰһȥȴ˻ȥ


75

󸣵ĵ, ˵ϡϷҲû뵽»ѯﵱʧľ¡һʱ, Ϸͷת, ȴδ¶ֺ
ҶʱһţΪ, ֻҪ๫Ůһ˿Ҷ˾ͲİΡ
, ѯ, ȥС̫õķǶƺͰ, û, תһ޹
ֱ˵ʵҶ, ﵽʧ, ⽫ģ
£һƬ̣ƴҡͷ, ȴһһͱܹܴˡ
»ڵŻػأҶ˳˵ɡӼһ, Ҫ, ϶ֻһ֮ʵġ
ʵˣһһʮİѵ˵˳
ǰ˵ЩҶѾ֪ҶϷ˵˵Ļ, Σ˵ϲҶˣΪҶƽضĲϵĻŭӣǿŲûе
ʱѲĸŮΣҶԬðŴңΪһöҩĸŮűһ
ǴѲ壬˵ԺҪٻûЩѣһҪһӵȻǨŭԹ֮ģԳĺӿҲһۡ
ҶϷ˱⺢ӱҶ˵ԺЩʱգ˭֪ĸŮѷҲûҪӻغӵ˼һֱҶԺסš
˼˽ӣȴֿú׽Ϊ׽ȴҶͬĸŮԹ֮ģ˿ĸӲ͵Ц
ˣŻڴ֮£˽ҪͷӻѾߵģҲʲôġ
ǴηҪһȥʥ֣ҲһҶϷ£ļ죬ʮ㣬˭뵽ȻһΪͯ˹
Ҳǵĸ׵ˣ⺢ӣҪ׽֣˻ǽһȥʥСסǼն꺮ůǻ˯ʱҶһԡۿҲ׽׵ĽиͣһĻϲһĴȻظ֮ȥĸ˵ѺӽӻԼ˭뵽⺢СС;Ŀڲһȣ澹ȻһֱһŮˣƽŲ룬һ׵ģԼŮ˵ݵĻжѽҵʱһʱ嶯Ͱȥ˴䣬﷣ɩ
ݵ£ӭҲǴұӵĿ⡣Ҷ¶תͷȥٿ
ܹһģٸԼɣԼҲסʣһ㱻ƴճһյࡣ
ϲߵ˸ţԼ˴һְͨССĺӳ˷ǰ򣬻Ҫһϲ׼
㲻ҪĳҹһϣǴĸúݷɣܲܰŮ
ܻˣ߻ĽŹϣ˩ˣСҲߵ·ϣ͵͵׷
ϷԵƵһ·ϣԼĻԺӣûǸ￴Լ
ϱʵҾŻŹһȥǸѾҹȥˡ뵽һĹ򣬾ͻ°
ϵʱû뵽һĹ򣬱ڴеΣ᲻ˡʱѾˣס綼Ժӣ˼Ѳߵˣû˻ȥ
Ĵ㣬һȥۿһ˻ԼӣһϨ˵ơ
ҶеãһֱŲ˯ʱʱܵǰ⿴ÿϻԼӡʱͺܺ£Ϊʲôһ˻ģأǲˣ
ϣĻΪõȥˣĶȻὫôġ
˭뵽ûҵӣʱǴŵģȥһȦյһҲûСʱֻˣź˶ѰĸŮˣת˺üȦûҵˣʶˣ˻ȥ˰æ
ԭδ⣬Ϊ˴·Ǻӷ˳
ٳȥңˡ
ȵʱȥˣûбҵϲŻˡǸĵطûԶߵʱǸѾͷ޵ľ춯صģǸֻҪһֱߣûпֲܷˡ
ϵʱ϶ȳ˵Ǽ˵˻ѣƴ̣ûˣȴʲôҲûʳʱµĲУҶҵлɣΪû֤ݣΪӲһִ
ϵĽ˶ɫ࣬ҶĿϣ·ڿһ߱ʬ塣Ҫʵڲ鲻֤ݣҪ˼ܺ½Ҳңôꡣ
빫飬²һ⡣һģŮˣҵ˭ʹҪŴҵĲɣЩ꣬ҵʵǡ
һЦתҶϷʩϷˣׯĪҶߵֶѾйˣһηʿǮƣǳ޻͸Ҷˣͨ¶ġ˵ҶǺ£֮ᱨŶֵġ
˵̲סһ˼ҵĶӳŮɷôŮ˻ټ
ҶϷ˵ɫһһ׵ģ˵վ˰Ҷ۾죬޲ھͳȥϡ
ϷˣԹŻʳӣҶ˵ֶΣǼҶңǻ¶ˡϾĸֱӴˣаµ˼ǣʱͷҶ˴һˣ˼Ȼϲׯϵһ徻Ϊ˴ŵĵطһϲũԼַʳҲһ¡
ͣһ£ЦŵΪС˻¾ͲҪˡ»˵ˣպҶүȢĴ㣬ǡգ˲֪㣬ҶΪֻ֮ӼңӼһ˽ֵġ
õԺˣھд顣
Ҷһֱ鷿չض飬Ҷ˸ţŹġվڣֱ޵ҧгݡһ뵽ôСͱĹڿյĴţֳ˲֪ٿ࣬ò׻صﻹûǰЫŮͣʹĺ޲ͬھ
̤߽ӣǿԼȫĺ򹫹񣬾;ߵ϶дֵǰɵ˱ʣʼд顣
磬ôģ㲻ңҲΪǴ´˳ȥ
Ц˶ˣ´ȥǴȥˣϲһ֮˰ˡ
ҶͲǶ˵ʲôһӣܿдһ顣±ʣһοϣ֮Ҳټˡɱߵ㻹ܻţͺΪ֮ɡ
̩۵εʱ鰸Ϸܱʼ顣


76

̩۶һǰ, վ⿴ãֱ˷, ɱ, žԼǿѾѩصģһ˿ů⡣
е˱ĸһЩ, ɤӵ㡣
εĻӦǽӵ˭Ҳûᵱµ, Ҳûʱ췭ظ
Ķͷ, ̩һ䡰ؼҡ뿪ˣҲû˼дС˼, һڴ, ĵĵǡ
̩۸ջص鷿, Сϲӭ, Сĵ£̫ˡ
ѾҹĹ⹬̫̩֮۹ȥˡ
յ, ￪ʼѲٺߺͬһ飬֪֮ӰĸС
αĳЩٺЩϸģкйص, һЩйص, ȵʱڹİڡǰЩˣ̩һֱӶݵ, һȴֶΣһҲûзŹ
֮λεûϢĹȴͻȻ⹬ˣй˶һת˾ʣɨС̶û⣬һʱĻ̡̻
ҹĹձ⹬յϢ̫ˣ̩һֱæµܶ
һΣͣ½Ųٿķһۣ¶˾ģȥĸػ˵Щʱȥ
Ϊα̩۲ӵԵʣһΣ̫ѵûĸϷ룬˹˺󣬾ֱ˵Ҫٺ֮£󹬣֧֣ٿҲ㳨˴šֻǻϣ̲зণĻ̻̣ȥ
̩ͻȻ廰ĸ޺Ĺ°ɣĸ֪µġ
˰֣󸣹ڵһֶһ۷Ϸŵһϣһֽš̫￴ϣͲԾüͷ
ţ̫ҽϣԴ״ֽҽʥˣ״ƻͬļ常һңԼв常ΪƿƲ֢֮ķӡ
ϲ㣬Ǳ÷ѾΪƵģ˴ıҩõʱ䳤ˣ˾áЩϾͲڱõĴͷУ޵ȥĹŲʱһŮЩ˳ҳġҲһҽ֮ǰһֱļڳǽıׯУѾ׽ù鰸ˡ
̫͵סؿڣٵĴϢһԵĳָϽһҩӳȥ
˺һ̫Ż̩ۣ̽㣬Σ̫ҽˣԺô˵
лĸģԼ̰ɫ֮ˣæ̤㺣ĹĴֻ࣬һüѵ³ûбжá
̫ԣ᣺챣Ҷ챣ҶƶϣΪʲô
̩תתеıӣȻΪвʰɣԼΪ˴ӣϺˣȴֲĿűŮ˸ãֻ뷨޾ˡĸΪΪʲôҪޣðűĸķҲҪ޵ĴΪڹ·ϣΪˣѰ˼ҵĹϿգԩͷء
ű̩赭д˵ָ̫ͣǾȻŵͨһȥ
ЩƶС£ĸĺܣ޾Ͳ˵ˣһ£ޡ
ﴫ̩۵ĻԸˣſɡ
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