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 1 

ǸĻã֣ݷݷѧӻżȴŷŰ
а
ǲϷʮٳ䲻٣ȴҲַǷ
ƫԺѷĲ෿ڣʱһ졣
ףǱ֪ˣô񣿡
ǧ˵εػϵĶ˿ûͣµ˼
ͷϣ͵Ŀڣˣںǲ̫ˣ
ԭаף٣븮㱻ǧƫԺ
˵ǽոϿĶ࣬дܣȥƫԺ෿ǧﰵգ˵ʱĻСŤ޹ǡ
ױͲʲôԺ֮ˣ͵ߵ⣬԰ײԣ漴ɲһȫͣ
ǧõδϼ̫үμ̫үһ
̫үΪ˱ҽΪףԼĵճȢϼҳŮΪޡ
μ̫үλȨأ£ȷʵǳʮ㡣
ǧ׵ĻϺθȫҪμôӡ
Ҳ˲ƫԺʱԽеĶˣ̲סݺڡ
ॡһԭյͻȻƿ
аϻݺ󲻸ŵɴۿžݵˣϵ񡮻һһء
׵ŭڴڴϢؿֱƣơ
ڵϻֻܿǧ
ڵмֵ⡣
ûԼ׵£Լ׹λȴ󲮴ǰƽĸ֪ԼδҲô
ǧƿڣҺమԲԽ
ϵĺλδȫȥ˵ʱżġ
ž
ǧ£ϻķ˽ǰݺݵؾһƣҪ㲻֪δںεأ
Ϸ˹٣븮֣аûԼһ˫Ů˻᲻㵽ƫԺͼ徻ˡ
ųа˹뾹ײôһĻ
ǧһƣ˫ۺҧ촽ί
һԣ׺˫ֻؿԣһ²ؼϷģ
ȥǰϷˡ뵽ԼƵŮӶ
***
һߣ͵ܳڸͬ쳾
쳾̣ӣǱĲʽʮֺÿԢҲá
ԼһԵ͵Ŀڣ񣬲ˣӣҲ飬ͱƾ˷ѾˣԣǿЩȥһǺ«ԡ
ôүǣŮҵʲô£СڲߣҲ뿪Ȼؼֵñ׹ź
ҲŲҪǺ«˵ջȥ¥ҴзưظЦۣͷֳżֱƫС⡣
褽ʮǳа-Ůøĸ۰ױǱ˫ļ
ӱͬСҪһ㣬ϴŵӤʣٵóرһ˫ԴɫСﻹûȴܿͤͤʱλ˻ˡ
Ա-Ůӵĳɳʷͱҵö࣬ڳаҰʽĹ£ԼһƤ⣬аֵӹĥǹ⻬
㿴ðзưķϣܲܿЩ
֪ˣһʱͲ⣬ȻظҪߵ۸ҡ
ãã粻㣬˰ɣһСѾͷҪ״һ˦ӴҡһԵϣЭ
褼״ġߡһͷƲıܿԼֳһȥ
˸ôƣҪ褵ļƣƺʲôֽ¡
С褼״ͷӱӿֳƵĳ˸
ֻתͷװû褵ơ
Ϊ£᲻ôãʵλǲ
ʮһʱһ˯Ժرаץһ١
ΪԼѧǱ֪ˣֱ״ԼվڳϿֵС褿ЦͣаСֹ֪㣬ͻЦΪ͸㶯֡
֪Ϊ褻üġ
а״۵ý˺ö෽ñŮչһЦֻܽϳһ٣Ůġ
ߵһߵļԣû˸߶ţڿϸΪĸѡˡ
ĸ鲢׺ֻ֮µʱĸֻĸײŮ
ϼ游һ𽥰䣬⼸ɫǺԺ̶ʱպпڸ󣬳Ϊϼ֮⡣
Լĸ׳аڲ˸ְϼҵľλֻϮ˳аһպǵ
һٲͻλΪֹϼ̫̫ΪƫĶֻжӲǰй⡣
褽ϵӶɨһȦڿһֻɫĵʱüһϵĻɣĵԢ⼪鸻ͳٺʲ
ӰЩе㹻ţż⣬۵СȥֲûûԤϰõӣץһֻÿ֡
ָ޳ǽڷֻǱŮҵҪ࣬Сһ¾ˡ
뿴λ۹⣬ͬʱԼ֧ӡ
С̧ͷȻײһ˫ڵЩסˣǰĹһ£üĿһ˫һ۴ʱ΢΢ĨǳǳЦ⡣
ԾǰɣԱŶֳһԱȣԽԽоԼҸֱ޷ֱӡ
СҲϲĽŻԼߵ褣ָֻĵʵ
ոջؾ·ʱ쳾ȤŴһЩСȥ͸ĸ
ԭλСɾñȸÿҲôԸоġˡЩ죬ֻûæͷǰ˿Լ쳣
Ǵ˴ģСӦÿǱߵһ
۾СƽӣǰСཱུģмֿɰĽʮӡ
ҡ͸ĸġ顯褸оԼЩҿ˵æͷ
һߵڷߵĲԾ褵Ļｫ˸߰˰ˡ
ǰ褻󣬶ĽٺһЦ
ɤӵλӣҼѾΪĸ˺Щӵˣ˵ͬʱϵģҿ߰˳ߣòҼɡ
ĽԵѾһˡ
ҼҹӱλСӣƾʲôҪã
ʲôѽģͬʱߣߣӡ
ãոǲǴҼҹϣδӡ
ĽִԽ󣬳ڣ̣񡣡
褱绤͵͵ͷ̵ˡ
ոԼֻſƯСɾûעԵĻŸѾͷ
ͬŮӣ褷ϵԼ࣬򦻹Լ⣬ߣƾ⼸㣬褾ԼͿ˳ۡ
ϲ̵Ѿͷ
λӣûʮ˽Ǯĸһĵ񣬱ôĻҪ֪·ǼһͷģǾĸĸ١
鲢ïһģ
ǿˣԼԱǸѾͷִٶҲãĻǰλӡ
ⲻ֪ĻоԼֳԽ׳ա
Լڲʮ꣬˵ʮ˽ǮѲͿʼˣɵӲŻš
ֱ֧ĵ褻Щ㱡
û뵽λ˸Ļ󣬵ͰøԼ
ɵոλӵüۣǵЦ⣬뵽Լ֧ʱС֣Сʱ٣ָⶼЩ΢΢̡
ڳаǰͣ£褲Լ˼
븮о쳣ǰֻϷϷ
ĸ׺Ͷһҽڳýǧڵϣһɫʮѿ
лҪ˵ܿСģ𿼾ݡ
ʱĵɣպҲĽҡžһ£
½ṹοİ
ֿϲСɰղŶǡ

 2 

ǰк㱻ĸ׽Լԡ
Ϸ˿һ褣뵽׻ڳǿһĨЦ:ȥĶˣĸұ鸮Ҳûˡ
Ů͸ˡ褳һ£ʵʵص
֪ǺӣϷЩˣ󷿽̵ӶǲµģջȥϹ䡣
褵˵ͷ֪ĸٳһҲŸҳĸһĵ񡣡
뵽ӣֲ뵽λɣͻȻЩὫˣʹϧŮûġ
Сﲻѣ˵ںЩŵĸԿ˿ְ̧Ůļ硣
һԵͷָף̧ƤԼδŵӡ
˵һμ档
褵òЦһǰŮȫǸûСѾͷ
伡𪣬ȴӤʣüϿպҲǸѵõˣβһ˫Լʱż̽
ȥмֺͯĿɰȴûһ˿Ů˸еġ
ˮȻԼθڡ
͸ոսе˺޲ϵǧȣ褼ֱǷζ
һЦҲ̧ͷ
褼ĵһۣ;ԼϲǰˣȻŨü۸߱Ҳܺÿ
ԼʱǾӸµĸӣϵЦҲûλů
·ҲûλɵĺÿҲСǼͷ˿Ȳλꡣ
μҴӣסϷ˼һֱ׿Ŀڡ
΢΢ףǴк
̫̫ĿŲϣٶ࿴һۡ
ɫżֲϵʮֳȡǧĴ
ĸҲǡһֱڵϵͷǧſڽ͡
죬ϼҽ̲˵Ĺ̫̫ǳ⣬ŵǧæ첻ٶԡ
תͷ̫̫΢΢ףһģ¹ϼҽŮϣιӿЦȻȥøº󣬸Ե˫׽ͽ֮¡
һ԰бϵ׹֣ǷܵĿڵˣ׾ȸǡ
֪ϼ̫ŲԼμϼҿ᲻÷
ΪԼδŵӣֲֹ֪˭֪ϼҳŮȻǸʮС
ǺǣСﶮʲôƱ̫źŪŪ͹ȥˡ
ߺֻʣϼԼˡ
ĸס뿪϶ү̫̫һĿĿǧ뿪ΪŮ˵˵顣
Ҳұ졣̫̫һŭϵ͹
̫̫һ϶үڨڨڿڡ
϶үģ̫̫뵽ڹְ漴øոյĻЩ
Ǭ㿴Ůʲô£ϼҼϣΪϼҵҶҪŷ硣̫̫Ȼ϶үȴǻࡣ
ǬϼҶү䡣
̫̫Ȼɰȴǻࡣ
һҪԼıŮżĳ˳Ǭ䡣
ǬƲͷȥװû̫̫Ƣ̫˽⣬ϼҵҲá
̫̫˼ʰǧʱܼ˴ҴҵĽݱϲ˵ƾٷŰ񣬶үоˡ
ү͢Ƕӡ
϶үһʱˣſ󷿵񶼱˼֡
ڵϵŮʹɫǧ̻⣬˵Ϸ˽£ĸŮ֪ˣ룬ûнյ£褼μңμҹӲϲ룬ܸϼҴʲô洦°װ˷ź£
ĸףǧ˵ûôΪȻԣҲܿμҹȷʵȻҲվ͡϶үæǻ
ĸŮҲΪϼ룬˷ź¡
ŮǰԽ˿ô󷿲廰
̫̫û˵ڳ˼ֻϲոǰ˪ü仹һ˿ײϲɫ
òƿڣȻ鶼ѾΪȫϼҵӣұȥȥθһǧ׵Ļ¡
ԣһֱŮԵĽƲסŭ:ĸ˵ǧ˷֮£㲻ҹҲͰˣѵҪȫ
ȻǲᶥײϷˣɽ֮²ͬ¹Ů£Ҳò
μҾԼ񲻼ޣǧҲ
ɩĲˣǽ˭޲Ǽޣĸо񡣡
Ȼռ˸үͷʼǸտӣȻǱȲԼķ϶о٣˵޿֡
ŭҪ£Ǹ֪ߵĺȣȹ¶Ӵˣƶ֪ĸǺӵĵ
˽ƽºƵģ˵̱Ļ
Ϊʵ̫һ棬żŮί
ҪҪȳһܣӽϷ˵ŽĹȺݺһ١
廹뿪ڣаױӣȻҡҡͷԼҷ˻תһԵڣȴûԺȥ
ڶ˵ʲôϲĻʱסõĶ䡣
ԸȶҪĻԼӵĶ˸׵Ļѵĵͷ褵־ߡ
Լһ˫Ůߺ󣬳аתϷ˿ڡ
ĸףڲҡںεأμҹǹܲˣ˾˻顣
ոǹ˼ŮڣаÿڣŮڣҲûʲôù˼ɣǧΪϼŮ֪׺лԼȥգΪ˸ձҪΪŮ̸˵
磬˵ǧ褴󣬱Ӧýȳޣ˵±ҪԸ
϶үԼĴаһĲݵģ֪аӲԼƱ磬뿪˵
ϴǸϺˣֻҪ˵ûӾˡ
-ʧˣаԱס
Ҳ֪ҪԸŮǲԸ⣬ϸ׻ǿȥ
һ仰ʵ϶ү࣬ǧȷʵǶˣ͵͵ɣץ˸С
ĸ²ͷ֪ԺǨҪģǴȥڹٳľӪһĸף˹ٲҪϼҡϼҵǰҲҪ𣿡
֪ԼǸŮħ϶ү㽫̫̫ϡ
Ϸ˳˼ŲĸŮ˵ν
Ҫ˭ܸϼҴôϼü
󷿱ͲģôһʲôҪڹٳϵ˲ˣһֱ˴ѹ󷿳ֺ£Ǹӵܡ
֮¶ӾͻҷԴö࣬ڶо٣ǰ;һƬǼμ¸ǽ
̫̫Ȩ󿪿ڣһȥθݷãͻСΪ˲μǧ޹ȥμҲԸġ
ĸס
ˣ¾ˣԵҳҲΪϸ룬ѵΪ˸ŮһҪǵ˶֪ϼҽ̵ŮΪ
˵̫̫һתμĸôСܼ޽ȥμҪǵȲ˻飬ǰװ˷ź¡
˵ǧ׵£ǴȥϼҶˣΪŮԺ²Ӱ죿ǧģпģ޹ȥܸ÷ĸңõİ취ˡ
Ϸ˲ϵŲɣһӶסаĻ˵뿪Ժȥ
˿˵Ļᡣ
̫̫ߺ󣬶ߵԣƵЦЦ
ɩҲĸףҪ֪μЧҵĿǴӣ֪ɣǿйӣúܣθ褸ʲ𡣡
屻̫̫ƫͷͻͻۣԸһС˵־ĶһۣתԼԺ
Ȼ֪ӣŻʺʥ۰
ȸܶʥϵ簮Ӳδܳɫͼֻ֣˶̫֮λһ
ʮʱѧʮƽңʮײʥϱ䷨Ķӱȣֱ֮
ϧʥŹȥʺ꣬ԴΪ̣̳дͳ
Ժգȴûʮ㳣⣬飬̰٣δ¶档
褱ԺӺԺǧϣŸոǰ£ͻȻ̧ͷʯϵ
磬ո˵ýӣǸιʲôôͻأ
ԣĲˮ˳񱻳аͽ屣̫ãŮ֮»һƬհס
Ѿ¿ĲˮŽͣ͡ǣָŮܵһ̫û߹ҹȻͻỳС
Ůڻǰ£ĸײŻ̵Ů֮£褻СǲЩСѾͷ洿ν͵
аϻصԺӿĻһůոǰԺܵЩ
ԭΪŮίԺ·ϣһȰ˵Ҳˣ񲻼μҲδǼ£üչˡ
ˡ
䲻֪ǰԺΪ£˫ɫԲã֪ʲô¡
ϻߵŮԶǲȥѧԺѧˣϽ㣬òã
ŮѧԺÿѧϸƣǸŵŮ룬ǲò汸ҵճ߲¼
ѧ߶Ϊ׹ݣʳҵС㣬ʺƼĸԳڴˡ
룬ȫ
Գаĵλûʸ͸ϵСѧģ褺μлԼѧʸ
̫̫ӲҪȡ褵ĻԼѧԺǶϲѧ
ǴӦյĲϼС㣬μδٷˡ
˸׵Ļһ£СԵʧ䡣
ѧԺѧʶԨŮӣ̳Ĺ˶ǹɭϣһһнǳͣ褶Դ˱ʮڴġ
ûϵĵұҲȥԺ·ұأڼҺãŵס
ȻеʧϻǶµİοס
֪Т˳һжĸ˵㡣
ϻŮ˶£οСԴϧڵԺһΪҵѰһصĺж
Ҳüȥμ𣿡
СѾͷЩ棬𣬸˼۵˵һ䡮褹Ǻܼμһźס
ԭ֮ȥԺΪμҵ£޲μңʸûˣ
ͨԵɵµʧټʶ˵ԺŲϡ
СȻֻʮȴмְ
ǵģ䲻ҵ񡣡
ϻ˵Ů֨ЩǾûμЩʧռμСӾûϲ
⣬ҪŮʵϲμСӣǶТ֮ҲҪΪŮף
ûУŮŲϲǸμҹӣ˭ϲֻϲס˵Ƶĳ˳׵ĺӡ
ϻԳЦЦ
ǵģˣŮʮԼͷ˱üãﶮʲôŮ顣
С
ҲãСֶŮǧһ̫࣬ƾԼ
ʮպ
̫̫ԵȻ˻˵Ϸ˾ǧѧԺ
褵Ӧûڴ
褶Լ䵭̬ȣģڲ˸үĿͷ̫̫Ȼˡ
褹ﻹ߸ʲô̫̫ˣȹ꣬һҸܸϼҵŵСپͼˡ
뵽Ϸ˵̬ȣ褵ҲԽ
褹о٣ǧֶμҵףϷǻģպڸأ
£⽫ҪΪ֮ǰ֪
û⣬šһҲδ̧ͷһۡ
̬ȵĮġߺߡĵȻ̲ǽࡣ
ԭΪμףͷڿĶֱûȡ
ŤŷֵǰŸߣػžͽݡ
ػĸ׵Ѿͷػ褴һ꣬˸Ũͬá
ŮײȥԺѧ£ѹ⼸µػͬ
˵ڽ˸Ϸӣǳȥػݾ褵ֿڡ
ϷΪڸǧ˽£һֱոţֱպμǧ£ղɿڣϵ˿ɳ롣
Сͱص÷ƣԣﻶϲýѽھȥơ
˵֧꣬ɫĵһ˿˵ڴ


 3 

ϼҾ¥
ֵľ¥Ϸפƽճǲʢء
ﲻԴȲ裬밵һ֪¥רܷż䡣
ٴҲΪ˺ܵһЩÿ˵ϲ
褱ػߣʱһ¥Ϸ̨һ䡷̨¿ͷ׷ֺȲʡ
һ¥Ϊػǰ漷һ·һԼ
ңȥ¥û
ʵ̫࣬ػ褴ЩվǸСȺＷЩ
˵꽫褴һ˽ٵĽ䣬ԼҴææ¥ȥˡ
㣬СЩһ㡣褼ײˣĵĿڶ
ػͷҲص褻˻֣ʾԼû¡
һԵ褿ȺĺȲоöܡ
̧ס˶䣬߲ߣ߱ǰ˵ʵʵ
\"һãһãȺĲˮˣλ͹·\"
һСŲš
λ͹٣Ľһա
Сһãÿ
һȲʻû˸߰˰ˣ̨µĿעǫ̈̄ϵŮϡ
С
δ£ӱܿǰˮ룬ֱֱȫŶֺȹϡ
СӵأڵϷ죬һķϷ̨ϵĿתע⵽ߵĶ
СһոսĿǸθߴç
çϷ±ţһɷһǲǵ
תͷһߵ褻ǸСӻǶһ˳ġ
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ҲûгΪԼȷʵŶ䣬ȷʵ
СҲҪԼͷϣСЩί
һѵ˶תԼߣͶĿ⣬ָǿϷ
ûŰ㣬
ȻŶ䣬۾ȴǿԱǸ´Ľš
˵СͦʵĶô˵ٻأƶ˵赹㻹ϡ
´󺺿ָԼĻ
ڵСǼٻƪ
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ǾͲˣԽǺÿĹԽƭˡ

һ¥뿴Ͷע⵽ߣָָ㣬ࡣ
ɰȻֵǮµģҲҪӡ
СƲ⣬´ֲǣֻôҧ褲š
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´󺺼ָԼæ˵СССôͲ˵ʵҪٺ˵ҿɲˡ
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СﲻѧãԺǼ˭˭ù
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˵ʱͰ͵ӣԺ˺Ǹģ๫֪ţ
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褼ۣС˫ֲķǰǰ˸һȺˡ
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ڻԣҪƤС˭ҵģϽӣΪ˶Ųûˡ
´תһӵĿͽš
´һ˺üûվƶǶһˣת褵š
СѾͷȻûǮӵѺˡ
Ϳ褲ɫĵһӵĳɫ֪Ǻû
ʱԼתһСһɰࡣ
ԣæס
ƲԳԷƣǾͱֲҿ
˵´󺺾ǰƽ
֪ԼִϸĽ㲻ȡ
ۿ´󺺵ֿҪʱǽ߲֪˭ŵĹȣۺݺ´󺺵ͷȥ
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СոǱƼˣźҴһһѪŵ
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ϡ˭˭קҡ
ûϣ󺺵ĲҽУۣʱסˡ
ǰЩ쳾λɣ󺺷ǯסһֶַֻ
һɫˮīһԲ壬ī˿۵໽еĴ󺺣̧ۿ褣
Сû°ɣ
ڿǿ̣褾ͳ״סˣںԼ˵ҡҡͷСʱͨͨá
˭Ҹ㣬£ִүһ㡣
´ȻǯסϻǶݺݵĲġ
ĽǴ˿ŵЦ˭㲻С˭ҵҸ㣬ҼҵģлֱӺ˵צţף
˵ǯƴ󺺵һ۵áϡֱС
ոջɷˣ˸ۣۣǸᣬᡣ
᣿Ըող
ǣңҰСƹӣְɣҵ־ͷˡ
оԼĸ첲šˣ̴󺺲ţĿڵ÷ǳ졣
褱󺺵ĲҽˣĽ˵ֱжˡ
ʱ򱻸٣ĸ֪ľôȫӵһˣֻԼƲɾϼҡ
汣λӣ뵽λÿĹӻᱻץ
ߵĽ˳½ǣ΢ųҡû£ɣ
ĽԣͷԵСһǵĿԼ
Щţ˫ַǰһ
ǰʱ²ͬɫ»ȹ˷۷۵ģ˼С
˫˫Ľһ뵽ԼɶڣҲѾͷһ㣬г¡
˼ˣĽ褵˼רע
褼ԼСѾͷоͨͨɤˣæĿתӡ
Ľ״ЦЦǸСѾͷԼʱĿ޴ţ˵껰Լַɿͷ
ջĿɿǯסĴ󺺣һŽߵڵأĵȻҼС˵Ź㣬ұţϽǸ
ԣ˲ϵʹͷ
˵ǸǰλöֶϽţ¹򶼳ɡ
ΪСѾͷһˣԶһʣ
褽űߣͷ˾¥
ѹû󺺵ĵǸӶǾ䡮ҼС
⼸ָ̫ôվš
ȥκ
Ľ֪ʶλСеʵڲ˼ƹĴȺＷ
ƹģפþͱ۸㲻ӭҰϷפ¥𣿡
Ľż䡣
ᣬᣬᡣƹæ֣תͷһһԵСơ
ԭ£ֻҪʧУ˭⣬ľʲôν
ֱĽŲò˵
ĽϷ˴ǮӰǱڹģ˵ð˿
ǿҡǮϷڣԼͲ⡣
뵽ƹĿڣҸոտСƵĴҿǮΣ
Ľ˵ƹҧȻҡ첻Ҫˡ
һԵСԼˣߵԡͨ¡
֪ˣ飬ƹҡ
ﻹǾ䡮ҼССͻȻһŵˡ
ĽΪǱСƵľٶˣǰǰ¡
˵תƹ񿪿ڣȻƹƴҰϷٴһʱ䣬ֻǡ
ţţĽסöУģСһٳǰ̤¥һ
ƹͬ£ʱĻŭţҡǮ
Ľգ΢΢˵ͷת褿ڣ
˵һ¥ȥΧ۵˼״ԷΪóһ·
褷Ӧ󣬸æϣ֪ԼһˣСƻᱨԼ
Ľ¥Ͻݺ󣬴ӻóһɫݸ
סһ£⣬Щ޴롣
һСＴе㺦¡
ţǸ·ϵĲˮġ
лллӡԣæӹѸٵͷ̧
褾Լìܣڸʱų
ˣͽߣԼֽŵϽ롣
շ˺ʱϷ̨ϼˣһŮϷ
ССӶһ£ͻȻֵˣ-ô
ĽһپոСһģЩɰ
̲סЦһ£䷿¥Ϸ̨ĺ̨Ǵ¥ġ
Լʧ̬Щ˼̧ԼСɵıǼ⣬Ρ
Ϊ£ĽСﲻ˼ûлش̵⣬ת˻⡣
̿һתͷĽϹϾĻصаĹϷպϷȥǲȥ񡣡
ԣ͵̧ͷ
ĽķӦôˣۣ
ոʱע⵽ֱˮ̵÷죬Щġ
Ľ뵽ɶͬһֻཱུǿɶҪѾͷһ㡣
ûûУҲۡ
˵ţİֲС
ǸոĽģģ滹Ҷ
СֻԼģҲ
ԣպܼ
ð
̣ȥЩҩһ󡣡Ľϣ޳ָڲ豭ĥ䡣
䲻ԸɹӿˣҲΥ
ľãǰλÿĹӣˡ
úÿҲʮţֱͦԶ̯̯ʱ̶ȡ
Զûһ
̰ҩʵаȥǹµĻڵأ
ȥ˵˾ˣҲȥմմϲ
˵մϲȴ˼
տƾٵ¾ͻᱻʶԴʮֿأԼϼ̽̽ס
ϾϼСμҳͶףμֺͻֲ岻
ϼǲף͵ϸˡ
˵꣬Ľתͷ褣Сȥ
ãˡ
ҪԼ̧ͷϾܾ
֪Լݣͻ֪ϴ쳾ƭġ
ʱ᲻
᲻ԼҲǸù
᲻ڸոհԼ
Բ֪Сһð˾
˵꣬ŷԼķӦˣԴ
˵ҿԼȥҺͽһģһˣԹ㲻õġ
һС﻽ӣĽмֱŤ̲סڣŶͻҹӣи磬һõǺһ󡣡
ڴ࣬δʮĹܻڵΪӡ
ѾʮˣҲŲҪ磬иˡ
˼СĽݡ
Ų뵱á
ⲻ֪仰Ľһ𣬿ɶʱҲܰĶԱ˵и磬иõĸ硣
ѾͷͿɶһ󣬿ϧԳ󣬳绨񣬿ɶȴԶֻôˡ
̫ˣԼĸоǿɶʱԼԣҪԼǨʱһģһ

ʲô֡ĽϸƬ̣ɳɤʵ
һ£ѿڵ褡
֪Լϣ˻ա
أ˵꣬褷ʵ
ĽóСѾͷȻʵʮֵɰ۵ָקŵȹȴ
ĽҽĽ㲻ܽĽֻܽи硣
ĽЦЦŵһδ˼ֲ๡
Ҿͽ㡭㾰磬òã
Ϊ˸еİ취С￪ĵ˫ۣĽĸֻè
ԣȻиˣڿԸңס˰ɣĸʲôģԺ۸㣬Ҳʱҡ
סϽ⣬ؼԺӣҵɱģأ
ֱ˵ػҵסľز䣬һͷֵͳʳϵĺŹǣ˱⡭
ϧֻһΣĸٲȥؼҿˣ˵ȥǵطϼҵ
лҪ˵ǰ
Ľи硣

Ľ
褼ǰûŮ֮飩
еӤʣཱུģǸСˣܿ쳤ģҪϲѽ

 4 

֪һ˺ĽϷӵ˰æҵػ
ˣҵλú󷵻û㣬ȥˣ
һ棬ػ褵´ţŷ
˵ոյ£һ褱һİӴˣǽѡ
㣬û£Ǿҡ褿˿Ľڡ
磿ʲô磿ոĽ̸£ػ䲻֪ݸմ֪£Ҳ˸߰˰ˡ
Ӧǰ΢΢񣺡лӳ־á
Ľ˵ͷ֮͡
ػ˵ȥһݵ»زסǰػĸ첲Щų㣬ǿȥ!һżˡ
áػо쳣ΪǱոյˣæӦˡ
˺ĽǺתϸķȥ
һ·ػ褶͵͵ɵЦ̲סڣܿģΪʲôһΪձˡ
תͷʣ𣿡
Ȼ㲻ῴģǲʲôĵ˵
ػ˵񡯼֣뵽Ǿ䡮ҼС
ţСѾͷϵĺζԡ
ػ״٩ϣˣʲô£˵
ûûʲô¡褽˫ַڷ˫ϣ˵꣬첽ǰͷػ˶ߡ
ȵҡػԶıӰֽе
ʵͲ˸߰ˣ͡
վǸӣƷòǷСﴺȶ
صϺһնڶǿʱſԼͲԾɵЦ
ٽǰһգ褽ػԼѡҪȹ
ɫ̫ޣ¾ԼҲ̫أȻƯ
㣬ҿɫĺûǶɫƯף
ػվʮȹԾӣʹ:"ôϲλĽӣ֪ҪҪϾš"
Сﲻ˼ͷôϲҾҼÿĹӡ
һķѡȹϣȷӦʱˣһԵػԼЦ
ǣûϲ磬ֻǾȱ˳ÿЩ
Сܱ˷֣褼ˡ
ػ̧ԴɵѾͷƭ㣬ǶǽɵЦϹˣ
ػĸǸϵˣػ㿴״һ޻˵
㣬ܣܸ߱ˣ͸Ҳ˵òã
СѾͷػĸ첲𽿡
úúãҲ˵ҵĸ첲ˣͷˡ
ԣӦԼ˵һ˵ȥ
ػмͷѡҪȹѵüôĵʱ
а˺ʹӶʮ簮鶼һʱʾȻתͷ
μģػͻȻЩǡ
ôϲĽӣҪԺô죿Ѿˣ
ڴ࣬ŮӼǺҪʼס
ĽķʽѾڵģ治˵ػ˼š
ף׺ϲʲôϵƫͷһ棬
ûҪ޸ػʡ
ԣҡͷû
룬ҪӣǸŮ𣿡
褳Ĭˡ
ӣӣǵǸɫŮӡ
κػΪ褲شԼˡ
濪ڣϲ磬ӣȻҲϲġ
ػ㶿һһ̾Ϣһ㵽Ǻϲֻϲ㿴ˡ
***
ڶգ죬ϵľͿʼæǰæ׼¡
ϴΪǧ׵£̫̫类ϣû˵ʲôȴ۷׷ס
̫̫Ϸ࣬ϯʮƺƴ󣬾ǶЩ֮˵졣
а˽󣬱ӲʣûȥǰԺ
Դˣֻ̫̫ɫЩãҲû˵ġ
ϾյǶ󷿲¶Ҳãʡõʱǳͷ
ĸӲʣȥơ
֪ĸΪ뿴ǵģԲԸȥǰԺģСŷ
ĸ׷һǰԺ
֪û
ǰݣڸ϶þ翴Լ
СѾͷЩգ֪Ͳˡ
Ҫô;ԼϸʱСתͷһ룬ȻԼԶԶģ͵͵Ŀһ۾ͺˣ
ţ͵͵һۡ
ȥϷ̨ӴԺԺԱߵһС԰רŸ˻ױĺ̨
ʱͶ½½븮ˣӦҲ͵ˡ
뵽ֿԼ
Сţǿģ˿ûע⵽ӭס
˫һֱǰҲδͷ߽褡
ֱֱײϣ֮±һ˵ϡ
˻Сűײ۵Ķͷ
ΪǸçײˣҪѵ⣬ͷ㿴Լǰδӡ
æȹҳǣȹϸһ飬ȷȹûйƣֻմЩҳ˿ŭ̧ͷ
СۿãЩίΪ˼磬ѡ˺þõȹӡ
Сȣôżȥ׼ײԼһίģ̲סĴ붺
̧ͷһۣһ
Ƭ̧̺ŲƹǰԺķȥ
һСѾͷ˦ӣ״δ¡
ת褵ıӰֽһСȣվס
ھǾ
˵ԼֻǻûͣԼˣŲô
Ǹʲôμҹӡ
˵ɫߣ˵ޣȻ褲֪ɫߺж໵
͵˵ҧгݵӣ֪ιӲʲôˡ
ǲȴˣһϵġСȣСȡ
·˶ƵƵͷ
޿̣Сתݺݵס
ױͻȻתеοڣǸСңȷʵȶ̣ûϹ˵
СѾͷԶ׼ķŭҽ褣סˣǲסҲԽС㡣
˵תǰԺȥ׻ػĻᡣ
һɫܽȹͷ÷С״ķš
Сﴽݰ׼һཱུС׾ÿžȻúܿɰ


 5 

ܹȾͷһԵΧϡ
ǰǾҪĵطպÿԿϷ̨
̨ʱ˸񣬹Ϸ˻װ
£ѾߣԭΪϷҲ͵͵һۣû뵽׸һ
һ˽ӹɲǣ˭뵽£ϴϷ类ϣֳ£أǻСźɣʱ򱻷ˡ
ţֻ֪ǾÿϧҿǸϷǸεģ࿴һᣬû뵽Ҫߡ
һ˵ĶԻ⡯ʲô½ղܳϷѵǾˣ
뵽СסˣߵѾǰʵʲôˣΪʲôϷҪߡ
Ѿ߶һۣſֱǰ褡
ͷԸߵһҿ˿û˲ſڡ
褹Ҳ۲ſϷˣ˵ƾٳ˴£ͷƿʱһӰټңʫһϲͨϷӾ˾ˡ
ʥմŭԺϷ֮ʮڲòμӿƿμү빬ݺһ٣ǸϸյõϢϷ˾Ϸ೷ˣ
˵꣬Ѿƹ褴Ҵ뿪ˡ
תȥǰԺȻ˿ʼϷ̨ˣͻȻЩɥ
ûأ
СﴹͷɥߺƫԺĳȣΧߵĵϣǰԺ㶵ķ
ھǲ
ͻȻĸǲˣ᲻ѹ
СһԣǸ˴
ôô¼оԼӷ·𶼷ſˣ޴롣
ֱоЩᣬСתͷͻȻƲһϤӰ
һɫµҶϹһöī
վ褸оԼҲˣΪľ硣
Ľվһߣ΢΢ͷԵ˵
һعͦıϣһһϵıϣʵļϣ褾˶΢΢⡣
С￴ſţԾǣĻϲ
ĽԵ˽ҪʰĶתһԣͻȻ褵ķһۡ
ŵĶɤˣæ˫סԼ۾
Σ͸ָ쿴ĽԶ˵ĶСŷϵ֡
ԭոҵط飬ڲע⵽ԭһֱ顣
ü۶棬˿ûһӰ졣
飬褶Ӻ͵͵
Сģ뵽ոѾߵĻЩᡣ
ʥּϷʮڲܲμӿƿľô죿
ϴȥ¥Ŀͷʱͷ˼Ϸ˺ö飬ʱ֪ϲ顣
ʮ꣬ǵǺܾúܾԺˡ
̫ˣʱ򾰸綼ϸˣʵ۱ǲôΪһˣͲϷӿƿأ
СѾͷͷߵĽ˾ηľ֮𣬺ݺݡһ
˿ûע⵽
ֱһ˫ɫѥͣǰС˳ѥ̧ͷ
˫Ŀ˫С𾪣Ҳ÷ɿ졣
硣
ĽС褣ԭ㡣
ϴھ¥ʱ˾ˣ磬褣˭Ҳռ˱ˡ
Ľողתͷ㿴һĨССӰһԣ뵽ǸС
ھ¥۸ʱģʹ˹ȷǲ
Ľԣڵô
ո֣ҳЩţָקȹԼ˵ӦܲԼݰɣ
ΣǾŸʵ
ȻһҪô
ƭ硣
ĽԣС˫ۣקȹ֣һʱЩۡ
˼ҵĺӰɣԼ˵Сġ
ĸӦǸϵˣӿ֣Сί͵͵ܵ
뵽褵ߡ
˵꣬תͷոķȥ
Ƭ̺ٻʱһװֵĶ
ʲôС̧ͷ
ĽЦŵö졣
Ǳܵģû˿ɣſ졣
ĽĶ͵԰ɣġ
ڵ˲䣬ȫ㣬СЦۣȷʵ磬⵽ʲôѽúóԡ
̿顣
̣õģҼסˣ´׸򡣡
ĽЦü䣬Ҳ̲סǡ
С仯죬ոջۣͰ͵ģһǾͺˡ
ϲ´һ
ãɶڵĻҲһ㣬ϲ
Ļ￪ĵý
˵´λԼǲǻܼ档
ͻȻС뵽ոϾҪĸߣܳϷͲ׬ӣôǮ̡
׸ӣʱҸ磬򡣡СԶһЩͲôϷൽˡ
ԣĽȫ̲סЦ⡣
ɵǰĹƷ洦ɼˡ
ϲٸǣøӡĽ
ҵ˵ձ˵ĶеĶҪȼ۽ġ
СԲԲӣ̡
Ľ״̲סཱུ̧СѾͷ֪ȼ۽㲻˵ɱģ͸ҿ⣬ǽˡ
Сһ£ĵĵͷӦˡ
һⲻʲô£ֻǾôⶼûС
͵͵ţ̲סʳͷ磬û𣿡
Ľһʱû˼Щ
ȻΪʲôҪ̸һ⣿
ĽʵסˣСת̫죬ſڣҵæҪܺܶˣûʱȥ⣬Ҹ褻Ǹ㡣
յķ磬ǺͻȻů죬һϮϵĿҶƮȻ䡣
һƬƵҶƫеĸպ褵Сӷϡ
ǾһҲɣܺܶˣϷ˻ࡣ
˵꣬ƫͷͼĽǰ㿿ԼԼﲻϷŴСһһƬհףôĿһʱж
Ļ̌õҶ̹Ȼֱӡ
ҵûϷ࣬ǽ
ԣ뵽ղֿʼµûţѹ־ôʫ顣
ĽСεʧ䡣
褿ϲ飿
褵˵ͷϲˣԭҹҲҪȥԺģϧ
ǰ仹˵³壬Խ˵Խͣͷˡ
ԭԼʶ˵Ժˣ֪ϲͻȻЩѹҪԼȥһŬвŮӡ
ΪϲģŻ褡
ҪѧдֵĻҿԽ㡣
Сԣڵһ̧ͷԸң
Ľ죬Сϵⶼһ£סЦȻѧͽ̡
Ц̫̫ÿˣü䣬褿ſź˶ӵ˵ͷ
ĳϣһһӰúܳܳ


 6 

а
̫̫Ǹģ֪ʥϲƾ֮ºҲʹæˡ
˺øϵ˵͵࣬Ҳٳ
ѧٽȿֽš
˵ˣԺѧ𣬱ȥ¥Լʶд֡
ǰԺǧѧӵϡ
ϸǣӣǧԺҲһѧ
ǧԺͬǧԺ
ĸŹӣС㶼ǧᰡ
ԺҲǸŹϱŮıż
ֻǧ͢ã͢о٣ȻǧȻȻǸϴүġ
̫̫Ȼ⣬ҪμҵǧμΪλѧӸ󷿡
ǧԺϸ˫ȫòҪʮֳڡ
ѧҪοԣǧԺĴˣμҵү濼ѧ
Դˣ͢Ѿȫϼ·Ҳû͢մǧıߡ
Ȼû̫̫ͨﻹǸ˵ģӽҪϼġ
гϢϼҴٹ⣬ȻҲǺõġ
аϻͷ˽ϢȻǲš
ϻõӿֿ˰Ѷеǰϸϸ´һ
֪ƣͷƤ顣
ѵԼ͢ʫ飬ۼ͸£͢ߵˣ
ţֻ£ܸܲ͢ߵѾ߹ʱǣŰԼײŵĪ˺þô°ɣ
һߡ
ǴΣ͢ѾС԰²İ£ײ˵͢͵͵˺þõĴ򣬺ǡǴ̫ˡ
ޣãȻڻ԰ǰ㲻Ҫ£ǱԼͰˣҪײˡ
룬޵ҧгɱˡ
ͨԵɣ̬ȶЩ
͢򲻸˵ģЩ˴ŵС£ԼǱһ
ٲþͱһ٣͢˵ðҲֵͦá
ϻǰͨһ£ҲˣҲ͢ıڻϻˣʫ棬Ҵˣ
ϻȣϻϴʮֿҳϿңͲûп޳ˡ
ϤζȻǸҪ競ӡ
ϻ̾һͷסԼü
ԼȥãСӡ
׽ԼȻҪǣĿ޺ϴȻֹ
һĳϵĻҳһ߿ڵȻΪ£˵ˡ
ôҲ㡣ʧȻ
ϻ˵˵žͿʼӣæֺãûûʧʧ֪۶ӵģٺ١
ѵҹ뿴û˵꣬ϻֻԼ˵пʼڣһϹʵ
ϻǲģЦһΪ뿴ǲƤˣ
ˣ񻹵ҹȥȭأҡ˰!
£Ѿܵ⡣
⣬ؿڣһ
Լܵÿ죬ĸ׿һñ̬
ȻʱԼ 
ڣϻóӿֿ̧ۺӣżϷμСˡ
ԭΪ׿ԼɰòŮƫƫϲֵǧΪϹ
ֱ֪ϹϹȻôԼǸ˶ȥǧԺ
μҵϹԭȻŴ
ϻͨ˺󣬲ŷӦԼոǸǸСӣǧԺӣ͵תԺ¡
漴ֱӽ͵ԺոǻС˵ˣҪȥǡ
ϻʱԺﵴǧ
ҡڵǧϣཱུںš
磬㡭̫ˣƲСǧҲֻζһ¡
һֻƤ㽶ҧһڣͣȸ絴ľ͸Ϸ£ǸϷ˲ˣ
Ϊ˹õĺģԼѡ˲á˵ûɫ
͵͵ǣһ
Ȼ֪Ϸ˲ãǿǾϷࡣ
ϻһĻôӵۡ
С˸ӣȻ۸ıŮ
㽶ڴߴţԣø絴ø߸ߵġ
ϻƵ󣬱һԵŮо·һϤɱתͷʱϻһĺϡ
ֱֱ˳ȥڵϹ˺üȦ
СӣȻұ۸á
ԼҪƵģҰ١
ԼҪƸģ˵ҪҲÿζǸҵ߸ߡ
˵꣬褹ס׵ĲӣæĿڴϡ
ҪǸ˵Ϸֻ࣬Լ׷ʵףʱ˵ñװס
Ůϻĵúܡ
ԣϻЦֹ̧˹褵ıǼ⣬С涮£ԡ
˵꣬תͷڵϵһۣѵҸǸ
һڨڨЦţá
˵꣬һԵʯϣϻͻȻһѵǺڸոû׽Ū͢׷ɱˣ
ϻĬģģ˶ϻ֡
ǿѹСӵĳ嶯ϻŶӣʮֲȻļһĨΪƵЦ
һЦְֱѸŵùڵϡ
ءϲܻʱҪĵϵԼЦʵ̫ˡ
ϻǳ˳飬ĵС/С/һûŮģ¸ɶˣԼЦЦܰų˵ԼЦȰˡ
ŵòȣϻЦݣֱӽֱӸ
ӵݺֱ˭Ǹ˶뺦ӡ
⡭⾹ȻȥǧǴ
ǧô࣬ϸлˣѩ¥С˭ȥɵӵǮҲӮôꣿ
˵˵˶һº˶ˡ
ˣ˫ֱԴԺߣһʱϻڣ߶߶Ŀڲԡ
ֱоɱԽԽأϻڣͷٺһЦ
æĿڣҵ˼ǣҲ˭һڸϹֿġ
ҵıŮҪСҿǷǵҶˡ
ΪϻҪʱֻϻԼסԼԴĸģȻȥܲһᰵӣ
ϻŮᰡ
֪һֱġ
ȥȥȥĸһأϹŶܸһӣȥᰣ̫˰ɣͷҡúͲ˹Ƶġ
ȥӣѡһϻԣһĸһ飬뷨Ӹѧأ
ȻҲ֪ⲻܡ
ѡ򡣡̹̹ڡ
ˣˣ׼ȥǧԺѧɣ˼Ƭ̣ϻĽʵ
лҪ˵ĸɱǧ͵ӣ뺦ӣ
ף˸磬ҽ͡

 7 

ڶգϻŰӣѺǧѧ
ȥǧϻͷ˽ġ
ϼҷһźƤֱ࣬һǴ춼ֺǡ
ҲûӳϾڵ״̬һ׳Ͳˡ
褸˫׽͵˸ſڣһ·Ͻ嶼ڶȥǧǧ򲻿£ɺ֣ӡ
յſڣδüǧڶӵҲš
Ҳȥѧӡ
μרΪǧ˼ѺͼΣȥᰰһͷ
ϾǧᰵһȣϼҶСһݿμδٷˡ
·ʱǧͣ½Ų̧μ͹ıʯתͷһЦҵģ
͸硣褵һ˫ˮĴ۾һ޺Ļص
ǧ֪ԼֻСã̫棬ǹװɵ
ѵԼμôõһ£һҲգޣ
ǧʢ˵ģһѽû򣬱Ŀڵ˵ǧ⴩û֦չȥʲôãȥǧʺ
磬㡭˵ʲôүǬڵĳָϻµ
ϻֻǻͷһۣҲûп𱸡
һڸſڽʱſһԦһɫͣ˳аǰ
ǧ״˫һһĸոռ̱һĵı飬ǳЦӯӯվһԡ
μҵǧʶá
³˿ᣳϹϾڣүϸˡ
һ˿۵ףҡһԾ¡
ǧᰵӣʱϸĿĲ
Ǭ״æһĨֺõЦ⣺ף⻹һˣѾ߳͵ġ
ײǧյһȥᰣһ
ǬţͰѸոĻ֮ԺֻҪŮץסףԼԺҪʲôò
󷿾ͱǸ߾ڵԼɣ
ǧһɬһʱǸˣ³ֻ˷йԼ
û뵽˼˹Ȼڴ϶Ǹûִġ
ǬĻüͷһ壺˭˵ģ
һգүġ
壿
ԣ壬ǰϸʱҲһ塣
׷ӣǬϺһһģϸһ˵һ̫̫棬ǿ
ûϵ˵ʰ壬ҪҷԸȥϸңȻգǬǰЦ
Ůҡֱϵݣɵﲻá
ˣԼҡ
ԼԼôңǬδӦʱѾԽֱȥ
ߵǰͻȻ˻ؼ
ǧΪҪͣԼ˵ԼһͬȥѰ壬ͷ˷ͷϵӡ
Ȼͷߵĵ׿ڣţԼ綨ܰԵߵ
Ȼ˵Ů˲̫׵õȻͻᱻӣҪˣõԲŽֶΣǧȴͬ
Ϊס˵汾²ܹݣԼӡ
ûԤڵǧɻ̧ͷ
ֻͣǰһζЦ⣺Сȣǲˣ
˺ԶһЩ̧ͷϿûУûпĶ
˶һĿˡ
ֻײңҪȥңһЦ⣬°Ȼص
СԱ˺ԽĶȤԴȫཱུ
ȤѾͷȤ
ʵеģϸͲţԼһСѾͷ
һԵǧ˫ģ޲褡
˵ιӣ˵û壬׻˵ծֻҪһ壿ȥң
˵ţ̧첲׼ϣһѣϵȻģ
ҲȥʲôǧԺÿε棬һһûµġ
һˣȥǧѧﶼ˵ĽҲϣǧĶ飬ɲΪʲôιһˡ
磬ѧӣϽȥɣһȥ˷ӻ᲻˵ġߴٵ
׼ĽµĶʵСȣϲ飿ҪҪҸŪһᰵѧ
˻һϼҶŵ
ԺӿνǧǶμ˵Ȼ׾ٵ£μŵѧ
Ŵ󻧰Ȼ׾٣ǷµĶ飬ΪμٺԼ
ףȽȥ壬ģֻҪڸϣǾҲҳҪѾͷƲܰˡǬǰһЦڡ
׽ϼҵĿģԶ׼ˣǳѾͷġ
Ϊ˵ҪΪ˱ʧǰɲٽ֦Ůֻġ
褱ͲԸλμҹӣСѾͷһתǬ˼˵ĶԣҽջԼ˻ȥ㣬պ˳·һ̰ɣ
СѾͷ˵קĳۣķȥ
Сȡ
̧ȥ׷Ǭۼֿסѽ!㲻ҪߣҴȥ
ʲô壬Ǹ޹ؽҪ˾ͶˡʮĽԼִǬ۾ϼ뿪ķ
תͷǬСȥĸѾͷû˵صĴСѽ
Ǭʣ̧º㣬ţĵˣǸѾͷʲô˼ҵǧǸŮǸϵˣϲ̨棬ͬãǺѪ׵ĽǧԶúܡ
̫̫Ҳθǵȴֱ̫֮ѾͷǲŮ־֮ͬȤɣ
Ǭﻰ⣬޲͸¶褲أϲһЩĵΪľҪ׵Ĳе
ƶμұȻһλٷˡ


 8 

ϣŶȣһȥѧԺˣô죿Ҫȥ
ãһȥһЩ⣬ȻԼȥѧˣԼԹȥԺӰɣԺҪعء
СѾͷһĳС˵ģ̲סˡ
̧褵ԴСһѵˡ
磬ͷŪˡĿڡ
˵æ̧ȥͷ
ϺǣǼС񳤴ˣ֪ˡŵӣſڵ
û·ϼҾ¥ʱͣ˳
Ҳģױڵ䡣
ڵ·ʶúܣͬŲŲС㡣
褵ȸԶСת˺ϼҾ¥
;˵ˣ𣬾Լʶд֡
սţǸ̵ľӭĿ飬褿ĲԸ
¥ϵ㣬
褵ͷ
֪ǾϷ̨ӣϲԼ
⣬ԼҲϲ̵Ĺ
̽쵽ϴĽȥǼӣȻת뿪ˡ
̧ͷԵĽСһЦõĿڣ硣
ĽָԼոĵط˹ȥ
޳ָһѩ׵ֽǰȻԿʼĥ
ϴ˵ϲǾȻȸһټҴʼȻͽдֿɺã
մһɫòտ󣬱ͦ˵䱡һһϣ
ĽûлӦԼͷ
ֻССԴĿԼ
ôˣж
褡ৡһ£Сͺ˵ģСﻹֱ׳ص
ûУֻǾþ糤ÿҲ
ĽĶͷСѾͷͦ˵
ĽĥīһټҴʼһָһⲽ
һ䣬褸Ŷһ䡣
Ľ褵żֺͯ
ǰԺ䣬˵Ǻϡ
һӺĽСѾͷԲԼֻ飬ȫס
ֽдһ֣ͷʵ褿ʶô֣
褵ͷʳ
ȻδѧԺϻȴʱʱͰö֮ҲʶúЩˡ
˵öԣʳԱߵף֪Ҳ֪ˣʳˡ
׾˼Ժһˡһ̧ͷĽ
С׾ͻһЩʣƣ顣
ĽĻһ褱֪ҪԼ׵ĵʲô
Ľû뵽Сԡ
ǰСѾͷ洿üۣº͵ЦЦ
ŰԺǸĺùֻһҪҪ۵Ļɰ褲Ҫƣ֪𣿡
㶵ĵ˵ͷס
ĽɵģعЦˡ
ôԼרע磬褾þ·͸Լʲôˡ
Ľո˵Ļ뵽һˡٹ
ϲ˵Ľ£ٹ£ʮ׽
ڼǰȵӹǻӲʣδ̫ӣͻȻһεˡ
λҰĽϴʼ
ƹԳҪ߱軤ݵĽΪɣҲɱΧ˻ʹֵѩ֡
ëѩһ£̿ޣͬĺճɱͲãʳ᧿Σ
ֻеʱĵʥϣһʱɢǮƣʳȼðգ󻹹ʳǣȳ˱Юֵȵۡ
ŵ˻λ
ʷֻ޹ʹʴһ䣬ټιڸǣ
ϾÿһĹºͲۡ
ټιǵʥϵСŮɶ
ڵʱλȵĽڻꡣ
ȥںڹ
ȥ󣬳̫ӸǰӸ˵ڻ걸ū裬
±Ƶɶ֪ˣŻ常͵͵ȥꡣ
ЩƱͷԣЩԴˣԼҲȥôһǲڿ˺
ţɶʱΧŹڵϣһţ
ɶǰŭ⣬ūżǻŮ̫үŮæסֹģˡ
ǰȥϵĳۡ
˭֪ıһУԼŹ򣬶ƻڡ
Ѿ̫ӵ֮ǣǸλãͲôһ㣬ΪԼˡ
ɶӻóذסݺݵͱ壬һһ
еĲԹйɶϡ
Ⱳˣɱ̫ӣǾɱŮں
ϵʱɶȫѪҲ˵Ļ˺ü
ɶʱոչʮ
ټιţʥϵǻ׷ġ
룬ټιһһף񣬶ׯŮӡ
Ͼİ֣ڵĶӣǸž޵ˡ
ĹŮδ棬˼֮˶
һ褾ôеĶٺãٳͣﶼľ硣
ĽЩëĶͷСһˡ
ٺ٣ûУ̣أ褺ٺһЦм־ȡ
񣬾ͱץ˸š
ûԼѧд֣
ԣϸ
ԼûʲôرѧģҪΪܼ磬ѧʶд֡
Ȼҽ̰дԼ֣ɺã
ĽСЩΪѵģ漴ڵ
ãʲôҾѧʲô
Ľʵݸ褣һŸɾֽ
վóϡ
Ȼ褿ãɵŮбĽ˼Ƭ̺󣬲ôȫķӡ
ס褣ִϣһһĽдһء
Ľָ޳ƽ褵Сȫסˡ
˵ֻһŽܸоĵ¶ȡ
һ֣ͻȻ뵽ǰһ仰ִֹס
褣רЩ񡣡ʱĽߴ
褵һ뾰ôо˵ʱϢ
ȵϢĶϣģġ
Сĵͷ
Ϊ˲ĽԼŬȸԾģ򶨵̧ͷһһĸд
ֱ褡ֵһ£Ľɿͨͨģ΢΢ƽЩ
ֽԼ֣ͻȻʹĿڵ磬Ҳддְɣ
Ľһ£ͷС˵꣬һӾͺˡ
Ϊ˲ΣĽӦѧĻȻԡ
˵ţ׼һֽ
褰סдԼֵֽæڣ͡
ĽĿ
ҡǾãôһֽд˷ˣ׬Ҳף̨̹ϳҲͦġ
Խ˵ԽС
ĽСԴ˼̹СѾͷŶ󣬰ͣýн㡣
ʮˡ褹ӻص
ᾰǰԼûС￴
ĽСѾͷЩЭŵúúãǾˣ褲СˣǾ褵ģ˷ѣдһֽϡ
һƢرõˣֻǶСʱĽԼƢĺá
ֲ̫ɶˣΪ˾ĳǰСѾͷ
صϺ褹ϷţĽдֵֽ˳
˵֣СɵɵЦˡ
СķһɫСװŵĻĽϴθĽ


 9 

ѧǧٳڸϡ
ϻ˸ӣרŵϽѧػҲʱһ
̫̫ûҲùŴˣѾͷˣЩӶ̻
ѵ徻ˣÿշѧͽźػΪɣȥϼҾ¥
ĽҲճʱʱ䣬Թ䷳ĽС֡
ºʮա
ϻԸ׼硣
˵磬ʵ򲻹һ˾һ徻ĳһԲ
ƾٳűһ£ʥͻȻ˴οƿоٵˣؿ
ͣ͢һ꣬忼ҪѧһĿƿ
ϢһȻбϲ
ϼǡǡǱģ̫̫úþöδԺţò׾ðͷܸϼˣһҪؿ
ؿܲܿϾǸδ֪ˡ
һ˵ˣ̫̫˰󣬽ϵټһѵ
ȫ±ԶүĿƿΪأҪȫź򣬲ܳ
Ȼͷ
̫̫һ˼ȫĿƿϣ褵ϻ򸾣Ȼû⡣
褺˫׼ֳ󣬱ų˸
ѧǧ󣬱εʱ䡣
õûʱ׼Ϊ극󣬱Ȳ褳ѡ
һ⻻װֲ¡
·󣬵Լõĵĺʱ͵ˡ
ȵ⻹ǵһΣøҵ㣬Ҳڣû͵͵ܳ
Ҳôһ˵δ̫⣬ȴǽ
Ծݺÿγ⻻Ѱ˼Сװ磬⶯Ҳ˳
һĵĻ褶ʱúܡ
߰ɣô໰һᱻĸˣ˭Ҳȥ
ΪתƸעֻýĸ
͢ƾٳɼϣҪؿ̫̫ϵ˭˳ѾвҪӣ
ԣ첻ٶԡ
쳾
֪ϲЩЩѰСý
һţһԵһһӣѡϸˡ
⸱ƦƦģͼֲ֣ԹѡԼǵĶ
褡
סˣ̫ϤֻоŻỽԼ褡
ĽȪ褶ȴ羪ס
ôôɣƫƫ͸һʱײ磬ԼĻǻᱻ𴩣
ǵһΣĽû˷ܺͼ벻
ӲͷƤתȻԼϲѵ
Ľûдûͷ񷢹ڣֻһ򵥵ĺɫһ筺ɫī
ͨѰĴ磬վҲΧĹƵƵͷ
磬ôǰڡ
Ҵ񡣡
˵Ľת̵һӲƹİ
Լ²ڿΣԭΪ˸
ǸԼһžͿϵġ
褿ǰˣֻۿᣬ£ŮӡŮӳһ㣬ûʲôá
褲ϲ̵ˣá
ΪԼϲ磬ǿӶһϲġ
ԭֻվԵĹԼɬ
ѹֻҪԼ
һԶҲע⵽߼˵Ķ
ϸһϴǸӡ
ֹĪƭӰɣ
ķ¶ȣ˳ۣߵĽǰٺһЦСӣԵأ˵ʲôأ
ԭɬһֳʱ־ֻš
Ͱ褴
ĽĻδ£ֱŵ褣㻹ҪҪȻð褡
˵ǲǼ״ƾƭһźƤҾרƭСˣҼˣȻϡ
ˣĽϴξȹҡ
ѿڶҪæֹ
ֱ¶ˣԼϵ£ȻҲס
˵˻ˣϴھ¥۸ǹӳ־µģһأǹҧ
̣졣Ľÿڡ
̲ٶԣֻĵ
ոǱ褡ʧǣǼǵػ˵ȥʱݣһλṫӾˡ
˶ӣ֪Լոˣʱ̬Ⱥࡣ
Ͼǰˡ
תһ룬ԷһҪʨӴ󿪿ô죿
һ򻨻Ӷ࣬ӻóһӵݸ̡
ϵıתϿֿ˼ҶڶпҪ˰µǮȫ㡣
̿Ů˰㽿ֱۡ
ûйӵͷҲա
ĽüȾûɱѵ褼Ѿ˲ȥַĵزˣ
Ķʹ褵ۡ
ĴǾңӸʲô
̣ĶƾʲôҪգ
ǲһԣúۿҲȻûעǾ侰硣
вزסľӨĶ˶ţʲôһԣ˭һˣ
˵תܳ쳾Լٶһ̣ᵱžᡣ
ŲҪͱһԡ
񣬵ȵҡһæ׷˳ȥ
̶ʱо̵ķۣΪԸоӵĲá
Ƕӵһǰ˵ǰ¶
ƹʱպýõ˹̧ȥӣĽһ˹ȥҲδһۣת뿪


 10 

褻صϺ㽫ԼôҲš
񣬸վ͵ȥѧԺˣҷſˡ
䲻֪ΪʲôͻȻôظֳ˼
ûлӦֻȥĸ
竹竣ȴǴۡ
ڣſϣ뵽Ժ㲻ھߣҲȢˡ
þõʼղԼʱɬ
ʼֻҪռԼǻϲģȻЩʱ˵˵
ڼվˣֹסĿɬ
ʱſϣ˫¶۷
ôˣҲҪˣ
Ļصĸףû¡
ûٶԣ褵ķЩңߵͭǰľᣬ⿪Ůķ
֪Ůﲻʹ죬СѾͷĵףȴǴдѹ֡
ͷôˣǸ͸缱۵СѾͷԼ綼ˣԺٲôˡĳĿڡ
֪֪
粻˾Ĺӣ治ҲǸˣ񣬲ٺˣ֪𣿡
ίۿת㲻ףʲô֪
˵꣬ܵݴϣñԴĳ
ǲס
ڽȻЩһɶ£⻹ǵһηôƢ
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û뵽Ūɳ׾ˡ
忴Ůε̾Ϣһ뿪ˡ
ϻƫģŮۣ˵ֱ⣬Ůȴͷ⡣
һᣬĶž
ŮЩҲ̿
գûгȥĽӵĿΣ㽫Լ
ѧԭ˱ױһٵ׼ˣֵϻ֪顣
ʵ쳾󲻹ܲ˵ܻظ褾ͺˡ
ĵףȻȥ߸ס
룬ܵʱվˣԼҲüۣ浾վһԡ
µȥԼ褣Žĵ¶ȡ
֪ҪôȥԾ磬ԼʱķӦ̫ڷû߾Լȡ֣
Լһ㶪ˡ
ֱգȥĽĽڡ
ϴθֽ۸ԼļǰһʱѧдʱСĴ˳
վ绹ֽϵּȻûжʣдҲǺġ
Ƕ͢дʫ飬褻ѳϸ˲Ҫģ벻ӣĸױؼҸ˸硣
Ľʱԣһ£˿ϸĶ͢
ʵϵĵͷּһͲԼģ粻᲻֪һֱ˵ѣ뾡ܵƭ硣
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Ľת˵ļգûжӦˡ
һ£ƾٳɼȫϵ£صĸ褾Ͱˡ
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Ǹͨͨմ룬滭һ㣬һ߸ߵĹţԾŵԢ⡣
ϣ͢տϷӿƾ٣ʱ򾰸һһ״
Լдĵһǡ˵֪ˣʳˡ
ҲϣһůʳһֱϷӵ롣
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ûԼȻˣԼһ仰Ҫ˵ʲôǲҪЦ˵ǵͷ
治ǻһŹ̧Ƚ˾¥
СˣĽתš
սţƹľӭһСӺŷ⽻
㽻ҵģأһ¥յģϷ̨Ҳˣ
ƹŵģ¶ͬ񣺡Ľ뿪ˣû㣿㲻𣿡
ԣĲ׹ûлشƹһ⣬Ŵŷ⡣
褣Ϊò뿪ǰݣͰ褵滰𣬿ɰ褼ն֣ȥϽؼԺӣ˵㱻ĸ״ˣǸϲ
򿪺ӣ澲һһӡ
ǰգ쳾еǸ
գȥԼģ
褺ۣÿˣקƹӣʲôʱߵģ뿪ã
һҡ
ƹĻδ£褾ת˳ȥߵüУƹĳıӰЩܣˤš
ΪӦƹĻ䣬褾ֱֱǰˤȥһӦǻס롣
͡һˤòᣬƹŵס죬ô죬֪ףԼ㷢ƣȢ
褹˲ϥϴĴ̹ʹȿ˿룬ûû
ϵĳȥƴȥ
ӶǾҪ뿪ˣô󣬳˸ĸ׺͸⣬ϲ˰
û˵ڣôġ
ûг֪ÿǹž͹ˣҪǱȥš


 11 

ڵ·褶ʶ
֪ǲѾˣǴϷϵ
Ҳ֪Լܲ׷ϣ
Ҫ͸褾ƴš
Сӣ·ֱš
˳ʱȷĽ׳ûǣǰһ飬۽ƲʱϤ
ǵһ쳾ʱ뿪󣬾
ոճʹţ褼״ܲ˵׷˳ȥ׷ߺš
ϸ䲻̫̫ϲҲǱĸֳﳤġ
СƾȻ׷ϲ
ԽԽԶ褵һθоС
һֲڴתͷһԵɽȥ
ҪŴ·ƹСɽҪԼܵÿЩھƹȥǰɽסл
뵽褸о˾ɽ·ӲݴײײڱߵӲӲİγһ·
룬˾磬һҪϲϲϲ
ϲţĲüۣЦԼдʱĵ¶ȣҲϲ͵
飬褵ĲԽļᶨܱӲݰüΣҲ˿ͣ¡
ɽߣһӵĹ͵СɽδüͼĽұ߻ʻ˹
һĶּæɽܡ
ĽŲ̫Уۿ쵽ɽʱԽԽ
褺¾ڿԼƴĳţ磬硣
ͼ־ٹͷϳע⣬˿ãֻüӿŲ·ϳ塣
ͻȻűһ֦˳бֱֱ·Ϲȥպõǰ
ܾ߸̧ǰ㣬ϳͻȻŵæűס
ô£Ľﴫ
һͷ̣ˤǰ褣䲻ԸǹĻص褹
ԣӱĽ³褣ô
ǰ
ͷĴ䡣
ĩķ紵죬˿̹ǵĺ
ĽԼϵΧϣ罫ʵʵ
褱ޣҸ𣿡
ͷʼСˡ
ԣ׷ҵ𣿡
ǣʵ׷
֪ס
ǼһĨǣǿЦصţǵģ;硣
ϲ𣿡
ϲô֪ҵ
Ľ˹СɵıǼ⣺һǰ߶ԼʮʮˣҲҪ㵱ССصǺͿˡ
ǾܲҰӴϡ褴ӻóӵݸĽ
ĽĿȻεЦˣС˼ĥ͸׷ôԶΪԼӴϣ
ִĽӵݵĽǰ
ã氢褴ϡ
ӹӣִ֣Լʱ褵һαһþҡ
յҶ䣬΢죬ƮҶķڰա
룬ȻסҪúõĺ;
Ȼε鷢ˡ
δѣཱུĴŵӤʣӴϡ
ǻΣֻþ翴Լõһ棬ɴʱί
硣ڣ̲סᣬһ˵Ľ޳
һ磬еֿɬ
֪ԼںǱһ·׷ˤ̫Σͷɿ壬ͷпݲݣɫȹȫǳۡ
һ·ϻŵǸ룬ڸոմɽʱһڡ
ģôǱĳھǰ
Ľӽһ£СѾͷĿЩ޴롣
βŷ§ס褵ļ򰲸褣ޣѹһġ
Ҫã
ĽСѾͷſǻһʱ֪λӦ
ã
Ǽ£ҲпǼꡣ
ǰӰõ͢ױʫ飬˶ʫһϲͨϷо¼㿪ʼĿƾ֮¡
ǰʫ͵ͿƿıʼһԱȣȫԲϡ
سʱݳˣòǰ
Ϊ˹Ϊ֮Ϊֹƾ٣ܸ׼ȷʱ䡣
ֲһͷ
ÿɶʱҲԼظȥ֪꣬ѹȥԼ͵͵˳ȥ
뵽Ľ§øˣҪúչԼ˾ǰ褹ˣӦ㣬ʱһ
ʱÿɶû뿪
ҪѶԿɶ۰褡
ҪһεøĻᡣ
һ䣬ʱһƽһף褵ĿȻֹȻ۵÷š
褣ĵˣɻл˵Ľᣬ
պһõݡ
УкҪĻҪ˵
磬ϲ㣬ĺϲ
תǧطĻʱȴˣ磬һ·ƽ
ĽԣЦǰ鷢ԡ
ԭҪ͵ʼûͳȥ
Ϊ룬
ǰЩ޻̸֮ˡ
Ľע⵽룬˸ȱڡ
˼ǰհ褸˵ĻڶпҪ˰µǮ
ٿһĳҵͷѵҲ
Ⱦ߲ɱ褼ڶرѡ
Ľоһ˲µûţ壬褣ȥˣԺȥпǮˡ
褣
ҲҪûȥǮ
ĽһͻˣԼ˵СĶܲˡ
οİǸС
˵ˣҵ˼͸褡
ҲҪ͹ˡ
Ǹ񡣡
褻ҡͷһ棺ˣȫ¾ֵǮң⵰ˣʱûǮԷһᵣĵġ
Ľˣһ򲻹ЦˣʱЦˬʣ£׬Ҳ褡
˵겻ɷ˵Ľ
һԵϸĴ褣СѾͷƬرö
Ľȷûˣϡ
褸оԼòƽģһξҵ
ϡ
磬Զ𣿡
ĽԣָǰĴɽԶɽݡ
𣿾ɽ棿
ţġ
褶ɽһɨ飬϶˿Ц⡣
Ľ״֪Լֵˣܿľͺá
Ǿ磬ڴȥ
Ͱ褻سǣȻ̡
ǣģǻ鷳ˣ褵Խ˵Խ͡
ԼΪʲôǸһ澰ֵǴҪչˡ
µģǰ鷳
Ļ̌ͷϵĿݲһժ£ͻȻֿڣԺ褼ʱһƯӡ
ԣϲɬ
ƯȻġ
뵱Ưֻ뵱ӡ
лҪ˵
ĽʱҾͻ

Ľ޸ңҾͻ
psǰ褾ҪͤͤĴˣڵ˳ľ

 12 

Ľ뿪褵ͻȻ;ˡ
ÿշڿ꣬ԼԺ
оŮĻԽԽˣҲܳˣ࣬ٱıꡣ
ӽ̵ʫģѧúܺá
˳ų㷢ûʲô쳣Ϊ˶褵ı仯ûж⡣
ֻŮˣ浾ˡ
ѧظ󣬾ͱסˡ
ץŸ֣Լ
ʱϲţӴŸСֶ鷳ְ취˦
ϴúԼ⻹ǵһԼѵõûƢĸ褽ݡ
ݺҡϣȣϵĹ𻨸⣬ڳС˵ɣҸʲô£
磬ʲôط֪ʲôӵģ
һڴĿһ𻨸⣬СڵĵһȲ˹ȥ
˲޵¡
û֪ġ
䣬˫һ㰵ȥ˵̫ƽ˲Ᵽ°ӣ޶ֻҪ˵ˣ·һ
ݵİԹصطٱѹζδɹǸطҲգ̫ɥˡ
һվӣڣǡǲݵ˶Σգ
ȻһСûˡɫ˵˸ĨӵĶ
ŵ̱ϡ
ô죿
״֪ñԼˣصĿڼ˶ùЩ˾ͻᱻˣ˵ζǰΧˡ
ӣ֪ɣʮƽңײʥϱ䷨Ǹ
ڶӣڴδм˼棬ȴ˶
뿪˫ֺʮĬӣǸӿЩɹΧ˵˰ɣ
ЩΣա
Ľ뿪º褽ϼҾ¥ԼʶдǼͷ
˺ȥÿϼȥϼҾ¥ǰžվ󣬽дֵ龰
Ľ뿪һºػһţ˵͵ҵġ
ŷдš
褽ӹŷ⣬ϤּŵĮõٴ
ػ뿪صţݽҧ´СĽŲ𿪡
棬С褣ƽݶգݳڰսǺ֮ˣɽٲ羰ǰɽޣһŰ׺ƤƳɺãպʱڰ褣á
̶һһַȥ˶Ρ
Ľʮֶ£
褽ŽؿڴòԸš
þ뿪ǰԼŵ㡣
磬һжã˵ҳ࣬ʱҲСˣӽҲҵֽ࣬ˣû߾磬׸˷ӣкϼҾ¥µϷ࣬褾ûоϷӳúãպҪѩˣ֪ѩʱɹ飿
뿴þã褹ŷĩβʡ㣬顣
żĳػͻţʮ졭һ£ػÿҡͷ
ڴ޾ʧ䡣
ѩʱ褲дһš
棬磬ѩˣѩܺ񣬾δѩǶܻϲͯѩЦúԶɰ褾ýĶ䡣
ҵһӣѾܴˣڲ˵ҳˣҲ˵ϵʧˣ˵࣬ɰ褾ԼԽÿأ
磬ǰս˰´ʾ䣬ʲôɽľľ֦Ǽǲסˡ
֪ʱ飿㣬顣
û˵磬褻ϲ㡣
ҳֽҪǾǣɽľľ֦֪ͻᶮġ
СŷãڶһȲĳ
ε£ֱؿʼش֦ͷŷ·ʯ󺣣Ѷ
ˣдǾɽľ⣬ϲڸ
ϼҾ¥;һǰ˫ۣ᲻ϴָ߳
ƴѹסʵκǲ£Ʋסſϣޡ
Щ˿ڵ˼վѹ
ĽĻʱǵڶĩ
һ褳֦࣬ϸˣ¶Ҳˣһ˫Խġ
ػŽʱƽһյʱ˫ֶ޴ţΪʧ̬
棬褽ɷ񰲺ãշתݰڣ˲Ᵽ֮ʳ²壬˼伲࣬ΩԸղó
޷ͬؼϴúΪϲ
ȻǶ̶ϲδἰȥ£֪յ
żһһ⣬Ľ뿪褲ףǸˡ
ˣˣµǺ飬ں


 13 

ת۱㵽գʱĽ뿪һ˸¡
褲ǰĻţԼȥ
֪ԣǾԼ档
褲ҹ棬ҲûȥͱСɽ𣬹ִңɽһߡ
֪νɽǱ߻ɽɽˮԶݳңɼԶ
𾰸ʱҲֻƽľ΢΢һЦʱţԼԾĸҲǳǳ
һǧҲδóԸ
ǺۿҪμʱүͻȻТ꣬¾ˡ
̫̫һĮ̬ȣԽ׺ʱʱȥԺͬ
͢ҪμӣȽŲ㣬ĸ׻ȥ㣬ǿƿ˳죬Ҳͬǰȥɣ
̫̫ǰѳͤͤŮɫͰ
ǣŮԭҲ׼ĸǰȥġ
ˣձЩЪţ˸˼ѣǵûϣǲСŲܺᡣ
΢΢ͷӦ£ת뿪
ŮıӰﻹ̲ס̾褹굱̥ǰ㣬޶ˡ
ͦ㣬΢΢죬ǣС۵ˮ֫ϸòӯһգɸĵطȴ˿
һ˵Ӻ;ò˵ˣԼӼˣҪ࿴ۡ
ū澼ǵãϷ˵κ¶ÿΪôò˺褹ȥݷˣ
ֱҲ褵ӰջĿ⣬һ̫̫ȣʵ
̫̫ϸʱѾͷֲͬһˣ˵Ҳй˼
ԭ̫̫ۣܵϻǵơ
϶ˣѾͷΣĸ˼˲»ö˹ͷ޲ĵһźӣȻҪô
ģū澻ǲףȥݷкιϵ
ҵõϢմΪʥϻģӭӽ˷˹ĶӣʾվԶ̰ͼ֣ȥվӭпڷͣСסգȴӣǻᡣ
̫̫ЦζŴɥĸʥΪƫۣ𿴶ӹ׿Խͷ˵¡
ؼӣΪ˵ĮŮɫԲŰ򵽺ɫ޶ȵĴϡ
ʼܽǹ
Ļû˵̫̫꣬ȴ˼
ϼڵŵڣμѾң֮ңǼֱǳ˵Ρ
βܣϼ䲻ǶȨ󣬵ҲңʼϱȻҲ룬ǳأγɡ
̫̫ˣǧμΪͷˣӸΪ檣һ棬һٳ衣
ϼȫˡ
ڶգϴ̤ʱػѵ⡣
֪һòԽˣ˲ػ̲סһ
Ůһõɫɴ»ȹüۣһžɵС·𾭹ϸѵһľɫ
㣬Ͽж
褼ֱĶԼɿʵ
ػǰסĸ첲ЦųȻУСɫ֡
\"ȡЦҡ\"
ûУûУǵÿЩˣϵأ
ʮϼҵֱͣͣŵſڡ
ػſվŹٱһɨСɮ̽һ
ʱӸպոպСڽʱŪҵĳۣСҰèڽϾȲȻῴԼô뵽һԷãҡڵȥ
褼ػɨСɮ̸ãЩģ̽ͷػڣ㣬ʲô㣿
Ůݺ䣬ͻᣬ̲סͷһһ۱㾪Ϊˡ
û£λСʦ˵ǿԴӲ£Žйˡ
ػ˵űתȥһ塣
ʱŲȵԼȹӣȹ֮ΣճĵΡ
ӿǰ͹£̲סʿˮ
лҪ˵ӣϱ϶ҪҪ
ĽĿ䣩ҪǱ㹷

 14 

󣬽Ůȥ褸ĸ׹ϣ˫ֺʮϵߵݡ
嵽ƿ˳ģ߶ţһ˫Ůƽϲֹһ
ȥЩǮ󣬽Ůڡ
Ůͤͤòǲ̫̤ʵ
Ů̫ʱ򲢷һ¡
ϼң̫̫һƵĵˡ
褵òԽ˺󣬽Ϊ˱Ůǰ¶档
ĸ׳ȥֹϣĬĬţӶӽ˷˳죬Ӿƽ
΢ĽŲΪĸ׾ǮˣתһǸոǰĹٱ
褾ػ׼ȥѰĸס
йͣΪͼı죬շͲ߶
ߵſڣ褱㱻ٱס
褻ͷ̧ػһۣػ΢΢ҡͷʾԼҲ֪¡
ڰĴףһס˺
Ȼɫֻǵһۣףʲôǡ
ҺҼҹﲻȥҼҷˣ£үͨһ¡
ػվǰ
вУڲ߶ǵסڣ룬˻ᰲڶ᷿ȥߵԺӡ
ٱ͵ĵİ֡
λүɷ͸¶λڴˣҺҼСеףײ˹ˡ
ػ飬Ӧëͷ´ࡣ
Ҳ޷ݽ˷˿պ·ҪЪţǸϽȥߵ᷿ȥ
Ŵӽ˵ǻص
ݣΪԼطʱֹˮ
ڻ̲סȸԾ˼ˣľ硣
ȻֻԼãԺС˼ԸΪֳ
褺ػ˱ߵ᷿˵᷿˵һСԺӡ
˵ʲôʱôųˣ˵ͦصػһˮݸ褡
㣬˵³ǵõЩ
λڻʳǱϣһӴٻˡ
ԭ֮Ҳʼҵ󣬽䱸ɭЩ޲ףֻ˵ΪǸصĶӣǾЩˡ
ҽڴʱǸоһ˫۾һֱڰԼ
Ϊػ߾裬褲δ¸
뵽˵ǻסգػʱЩţǸô죬Ȼȥҷ˰ɣ
㣬ͿˣԺ滹أ£СЩͺãϾǷ徻أӦòʲô£ոҵĴ
ػǽһĴڣΪƽ»ǣŸġ
û뵽ʱŵûֻøĿڰ
ʱùʦիػȥţͻȻءһһӵƺߡ
һľСԴͷȥ
ػȻµľֶ΢΢ǽ褻
褷֣ǰһ粢硣
ϵεһİӣɫҹ£ϴߣһֱѪˡ
ػҪ㵽ԼʱͻȻ͵Ŀ첽ǰӣǵصĿ־Ҫû
קŵ壬Ҳһһģһġ
褲ϸԼľݣԼŶûʱأ˲ܻ
Ľϵߣ벻
ֻδߣԭԽ˫۵ĺͻȻֽۣذ׵褲ϣҽȥ
ػŵŴ죬еҽУҾһ
˵ŵ褲ϵذ˼֣ʺѪ˲ѩļϸۡ
ػæסԼ죬ڰ֣ʾ
ҽȥ˵Ĳᣬ˵Ϊ
ػԸæ̧ȥ
Ю褣ػźˣԹƸսݣͻȻ˫һˡ
褵һӦȥժߡ
ժ֮ɵˡ
ԵӣüĿͦǱǳһƤֻ࣬Ϊʲôף
û뵽֮ס
ôιӣػŵֹ
ȻҲ𾪣һֱŵģڷȥˡ
һʲôСֵģμһ壬ù¶ȥˡ
˵꣬ƺ뵽ʲôժ,תͷػڣ㣬סûժߣҲ֪˭𣿡
ϸո褵ĻػһͨԵɣ˵ͷ֪ˣҪ𣿡
褳˼һ¡ϵ˵ľˣΪʲô
漴ˮϴ˿ڣЯҩۡ
ƤÿγΪϰЩҩۡ
ֻǴĽ˶ˣ·һԸ浾ˡ
һֱҺۣڶîʱϻԵײۣһʱȥϵߣŰġ
ˣûժߡ褸Լ˱裬ϵ˿ڡ
׾죬һʱ벻
κŮӱԼò
оԼϵ·ͱ켸ȫʪģüΪδȫʪģ
ұ۸ϴ˿ڣȻʪˡ

š
ʲôҩҰģ׾ʵ
׼ģˤ˵ã˯žģ鲻õģͷ۵ġ褰ָһš
ףоͷͻͻۡ
޷Լʱ˿ھʲô
׼Ƶ飬ŭð޿̵ͺҲڰҵְһɡ
Ҫӳ󣬾ͲԼذ
ף
ǻƽȮۣǰѾͷ۸Լж㡣
漴һĬ˭Ҳû˵
㵱δҵݣκ̲סһɵĿڡ
Ȼ֪Խ٣ҺҽԽȫ𣿡
׶ıӰͻȻһתǲ
ǰμ̫үͻȻȫμңΪˡ
μ׵Ĵ£ڳ죬Ҫķ¸ࡣ
˺ûȥϸ㣬Լ治ΣǵҲ
˵Цˣٳô
㸮Ǻδɷ֪׻ͿʵһĲɡ
·ˣͱûش
۾ֱĶҪǸѣҪ̽
а褡
ѹûԼݣת󷽷Ļص
ԼΪô!
ԣ̧ͷϸ
ֻŮܽأüϹŵЦ⣬ɫɴϵ˸ᣬ˳еø
ϼǸСȣǰδޣ


 15 

⡣
ӣϢ˵ڷӭţ͵ĳ룬ҪҪյȥ
̱ϹϾĶ˿ڡ
ᣬȥڴ
ǡӦ
˴ݽ˷ˣˣΪһ·ֻóؾ
ȥµҲãջعҽ湫ӿϵˡ
ǺȥϽؼҡ
κΪĽںԼ˵ʱͳ
ָսͻȻ뵽Լš
ΪӶ뿪ˣǲнû뵽ӻѾͷ
Ĭã̲Źӣ褹дţūˡ
˵ĵȴĽķӦ
һ󼲷̻δӦ㱻һƴ
˸أѪǴ¡
֪ȻˣһƻȻĹԼɥһˡ
Ḷ̌黹ֲš
ū֪
أĽӸµ֡
ôûյԼĻţǻѹɣ
ɶѧʱǸţСѾͷڷ˺þã߶Լ
ЩĹΣǰԼ֪Щǿɶĸ˵ġ
ʱĽЩ
ǸˣֻѶõζֲ褣Ҳֳһػչ
Ӳ˲ǵѪӣ褵ãδֳֻ
δ˵꣬Ľһƣ̸ովȵӣֱ˦Զ
ٿڲԣ͹ĸȥٸűӡ
̵ˢһ¾ֹס䣬ŨŨĿǻ褣ɶӣҴСźС㣬۰ãټιˡ
ūֻչ˺ҰŪǷǣ翴˼㡭Ľ
Ľֽסˣİ褣Ľ
ʮһ˳ѧ̿Ͳɥû¹ʮƽ֮ңӲһü׹־
ɴʱͻȻûȥ褸Լţ֪ףû˵ѣǰûбԼİĽ
ǷŲᱻ¡
ŬǸһལӲߵСһĽԼĳ
褣С褣˼
תصڣƿǰתͷ̿ڣˣòȥУԺŰ褵治ŵ£ȥԼȥ췣οڿɶϣŹ㣬ԺٷֱӲ顣

ڡ
׿ǰİͷü
͸ҳ
褺㹽࣬ʡ
Ȼأȥ˲ٰѣǼ£˺Ĵ̿ͣͷԾͲˣ˵ɮֻҺͻķʳ԰׷Ļޡ
֮µǳ˳飬СȳˣӸˣˣǲϲ
ѾͷȻԼǸػ࣬Եģͷ
ֻа
ɷ죬õμҴӣüһصǰͷ
Ƕ̫ˣȻòȸϾµĵĲ١
Ҫ֪СȾ͸Լȹһ࣬һΪףˡ
ҪԼߣ֪Լݡ
׶Ϊ˵׵£ĹĥԼ
褼ͷһЦ
컵ĺڣԼСȣһֱھǰʼվЩԱ
˵㱻μҹ,ļٵģǲ˼Ҿ㲻ÿƲ㣿
״СҪ÷磬ﱻתͷ£ͷһ²Ŀ褿ڡ
ϼҴ󷿹ﱻμ׵£˾֪ôʣҲͻ
褺Ķһ٣΢΢ü
ǺǣȻ
Լ׳Զĥʹ
뵽̧ԼǰһͷĸŮ˲μң˭޸Լ
Ҳһ
λ̿ͣô˵μҴòȡأǲԵġ
ף
ﻹԼΪҪָμҴӣάԼ
Լ侹Ȼһģ˵
ĿòǵĻ
ͻȻս׵ߣָԼͷʵ㣬μҹ⣬ֿģɱ˼òȡˡ
ǰŴһ޵ŮоԼһ
褵Ļҧŭ˵˭˵μҹ⣬ҿǻ˼ιӲҪ㣬˼ҡ
û˵⣬ɱϹ˵˵⣬Ȼ˵ôΪʲôף
˵꣬˫գգۣͲͨɣ˵Ļǲе
ߺߣԼĲʹ죬
һժߣһſͨ죬褣⣬ϸơ
褹̧ס죺㡭ô㣿
Ըҧгݵ˭أ˭㻽ҽġ

 16 

ڷסգ˺࣬Լߺ褱ٺԸࡣ
һ͵͵ȥ᷿ˣܡ
ػһߴ򿪸ոʳУһ߶褿ڡ
㣬ҪٵȵȣѰ˽ڡ
û£һСĵģ˵ֻǲȥǰû˵᷿ҲȥǷ徻أ㷢ˣҲǱϻ
Ҫһ𡣡褻ǲġ
ػ֣ɵѾͷȥŲģƤ࣬үͲүûڣû㣬իʳϽ԰ɣ
յիʳĺ췬Բ࣬СذһⶹƤ
ʵĶƤ±֭죬۵ȵϣһȥƤﱬ֭ǿθ
ʳһ򿪣±֭ζӣǰŵСԺͲ󣬲ӡ
㣬һһһȹòãͻȻڡ
̫̫׼ȹ̫ۡ
ػͷЦҾ㴩ײҲڲסŲ۵
㣬˵Ц˼ҡ
ԣЦһ
һ׿Լϵİͷʣµģ
ٿ˸ڵķʳҧһӲͷ
ĵѾͷ֪Լ̫ҡˡ
ȻЫ˲Ϲ˵ģⶼԼͷˣ첲ϵҲˣվͿ뿪
ߣȥظһͷȥϸȻٰһΣҪѾͷԡ
ⶼιӳͷˣ̫ãҸζ±֭Ƥ
ػ˵գգۡ
׵˸кתʳ嵭ٳ±Ƥ״/˿ڡ
֪ػǾû׺ǧңԼѿˣԼһֱڻ
⼸ػҲû׺ɫ
ǣֻ׵˺ˣȫ뿪ˣŻӻǶ˺ĸ뿪¡
褺ʹײϹһΣ˵Ǵûʲô¡
ֱԼ褺ܲ
㡭
ãϲͷͷͦõġ
ֹĻδ˵ڣһ͵һÿĸڡ
Ϊ˱ʾԼĺϲͷҧһڣǵ
ôǽǣɲǾΪü
ֺݺҧһͷҧгݣСȣҾ㣬ҽ򡣡
Ѿͷǹģϴ˵ܽԼ
ģ䱾һһ򣬽еÿɻˡ
Ҫ褶еͷ׶ɣǧ׽ãĽеôȡ
ػߺ׾褶棬۵Сۡ
Ʋһۣȥݡ
ʹ٣һ˸Լĵһӡ̫ǵ͸粻ֹһƶˣΪޡ
褽ݺ⽫ŷԭֻػʱŲó
һػȹϡ
ѡһȹͷ÷˸١
ʰãоԺж
ʱѾ
գΪ˲Ҫ鷳ʱ
ǰգ褰࣬Ϊ׵˻ָòˣΣգԼˮ
ʱҪԼģ취
ʱͿ״ǵѺػվԺ
˫ֻأټ褵ɲǣ˫е˿Ρ
һͨɫȹҲڲסŮӾɫòվſھ续ɡ
ȵ촽źò˽ڣС˺Ѿ߸ãҪѾͷ˾ͷ
ֻҪ⼸˵סø֪ͺá
褼ʱͰ˸߰˰ˣȻǴ󷽷ǰ񣺡Ů褼ӡ
⣬׿£ɤӣ֪
Ů֪֮С
һ˦ӣߣӽ˷˻ؾϷЪţͽֹ߶㵽ãѾĴҴܣӽ˷ΪΪҪ徻أҲҡ
Ц˵Ǹݰ֮ܵʥ۰Ԫɥĸ
Ҳ̫֪ҪŶӵڷһٺڡ
ʥҪ֪ˣ˵ۻʵ·;࣬Ϊ˲ŴԺЪϢ
ŮŮ·ߣҵôͻûʧŮлӣĪҵСŮӼƽϡ
˵ʱʮֳֶϸţԼ»
ֻԼ֪ȫǺ
Ҫ࣬ݰ¡
һͷȫ·еĴ
׿˵촽һһϣ͵͵̿ˮȻҪлȻϹͱӽȥл
˵žͲ褵Ըȥץ֣תͷʹ˸ɫץػ
ıϸôһקЩվȡ
ӣſҼС㣬ײū澣ūԸܷҼС޹ء
ѺŵػŻû˵꣬Ѿקݣһ°˦ϣֹš
齱Ϻݺײһ£۵Щ˹ȥ
׿ϳˣ˴֣Сˣģ˱ӣӴǳаͻżȮ졣
̧׵Ĳֽ֮ץȹססķ
ϣ׼ۿԼŮȫڲ
֪ԼֻҪһԼһҲǿŲϿڡ
һɿˣ׾ҪҪ¶档
ûԣȥݿ϶Ҫ¶ģ׻ʼҵ壬׵Ļɡ
ײףԼѹǱ¶ݣǱƵ褣Ͽڻһ֡
׽⿪ֱ̧Ҫ褣׸оԼȫѪҺڷŭĽ
֪䣬ճȭŭ첻ܲ˵Ծ
תŲ֪ðףûüӦ̧־һȭƫиպô׵ۡ
ѽײҽһס۾
ȭͷջͬһʱšı죬𣺡ӣӵˣǰ۷𾭡


 17 

ۿŴ죺Ρ飬ô
յ£ͻȻȻ
׼׵ģ֪Լǰյ£Ҫˡ
˵ǣƲԼɣݰӦ
ֻ׸ԭһͿϼλСˣѾ
˵Ĵָ׼һȻЦʮһֻۿʮֻ
׸ʱһֱ֧Ϊ̫ӡ
μүǰߺ׽μңڴλ֮վһֱȷ
Ϊһֱ뷽跨£
֪ԼûĸԷ磬Ҫϴ֮λμҵֱ֧ز١
Ȩ֮״֣ҪϲӾͲ
˵ףѹü˵ҪȢϸʲôѵ˫ԣߣʵǸߡ
ͨ͸Լ̫ӣʲôŮԼòαʱ˺
Цţߵ˵Ǵȥ
ԭݰܶҪ
ȫûӵ˻μȫ֧λ
ʼȻܵǲҹݵĶڰ˳ࡣ
׿Ӷȴżֻ֪ɫͼ֡
Ȼ˿٣ʵʵݰ
׼ЦûзϣΪĬˣ㿴˵ļϸϣȥһ˳ˡ
û˵꣬ʵܲı飬òԼͷ㡣
ֱ̧һԵĲ˹ȥ
Ҳǳڻʼңﱻð
׵ø߸ߵͷӾҪѵ褡
ף̧ץסбȻڣӣײϲҵˣһҪȥֻܺμƲˡ
ۣԭΪֻϼѾͷû뵽ˡ
ҪףҲͲѡ
ϣӾȲСƽˡ
뵽ո£ֵӸӣǲǸȥǰһʵܡ
֪Ҫһ
һͬڶǰ֮μҾ͵վ˶ӡ
룬ĳȴ֮ȻҪһͬǰȥġ
ɲô壬ҪԳУȥҲҪ֧ݰ
׿ҲãҲ˭̫Ӷν
Ҫ˭μҵĺô࣬μҰʢ˥׵Ŀġ
ԣЦˣһЦǣ˱׵գ۵̲ס˻һ
һȭֻұֵۣˡ
뿪ǰһţ˫۽ϥǵ褣ͻȻоԼķ·˺ݺݾס
һ˲䣬ۼˡ
תһ褼ϣ£ûˡ
Լ顣
˵ֵ꣬ԣڡ
ÿիˣñȳһڵķϣһᱣġ
ȻѾͷֻԼÿһСڡ
֮ǰػû꣬Լġ
֪ǣˣʵիﶯֽţֻԳʳû⡣
ܸ࣬褻ΪոյԹġ
׽קʱ͸ԼôжõԼĵ˱۸һ͡
δ˼δľͺãɱǶ𱨵¡
׼һ˫۾ԼίָոΪβ
ԭ֪ԼԼ
һûԼȻҲû֣ǾĲ١
뵽Ҳ֪ΪΣоԼԭģ˲Ȼˡ
ֹסõ褶ԵһϹĶ飬ģδ˻ġ
˵ƦƦЦһ£æת׼뿪
褷ӦĶŪ󣬷ֽԼϵĳȡ£һźݺݵ׵ĺȥ
ۼſɵĶ㿪ˣˬʵЦ̤ţԺȥ
׺뿪ػűŽݡ
褷ŭģػһǰ§סûɣ
˵Ϳʼ£үͷ˻дүﳤͷ⣬Ȼһʱ㱻ˡ
ػ
׸ڳаȻ˵ݣɲүͷ˴δԼˡ
飬һүӣҲЦеĵҲһɡ
ϸڴԺδܹԼݵı΢
ֱգ֪ԭԼô΢
ڴǿקʱԼĺУް취
ã褲˻ɤӿڣ㣬û£һȹԡ
áúãԡԡȥ׼ˮ
褵ĻػæӦ
ֻҪƽܵľţʲô
ˮ˺ȥȹһűץֱۡ
ģ뵽ǸͶĵ¡
***
׺ǰʱֱá
ǵʱĽ誣պ̸ꡣ
ԭѾҹ·ֱӻ빬󸸻˵ڷµˣóΪʼֵܲ͡
ʵΪȷʵ͡
ױȣΪȣоԼ
Ů¥ջ¸ŻʼҸ߹Ƥңеȫ֮¡
õǰĿƾٰҲǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ƫƫһֱģִΪԱƣֻһʱͿ
ĽͣΪ£Ϊ˲޹ǣԲһˡ
ʵܣλ飬ͻһģǻûɣ
׼ǿǺԼһģμվԼĶӡ
׼ӡ׹
Ľ΢΢ףӦˡ
ԭμµĵڴΪһŹ塣
μҿνʵʵڵһ֮֮ϣμƶȴߵһҲ䲻ȥ
Ľ׵ͬʱͬڰ
صĶӣʱ͸һͬ빬ʱһΡ
ʱӲʮ꣬ԼҲ󣬿ߡ
ۿ׵ø߸ߵĽڣ
ԼСײˣٺ١誵ܲõġ׿ɲ˵ʵ
һԼҪ£ףȻ˵Ǳġ
ûԵǻСڸǰһ״ӵòʧ
û¾ͺãΣΪǱ¿ˡģȫڵġ
ֻǺԼ׻˭ôеֱк
һԵԣ̲ס˳飬¿ˣԼҲˣ
誵ܣյ۳Ͷٶʮƣְ˺þƺòϴٺúЪһգٻع
ת⣬ʮĽļ磬һŨģ
Ľüϵȴһ׵֣׳ʹýء
϶ϲĹëǸĲˣŮҲûãʲôԼλֹš
ִ˴˷徻أϯӷǲס
誵ܷģΪָո˵ˣ׼ȫիҲûǺȺȲá
ĽѲˣ㲻ڶԡ
˵꣬һԵһۣ΢΢ͷʾһа׵
Ľɫİһпɴ̿ʹɱ϶ֽţЩȥҲûʲô»
ԺͷڣĽ˵ʱѾһիʳ
˱Ͳ磬Ľѹ˵ֻסġ׼իϽ뿪
ҲӦȫ˸Ҫֵ
ؼԺʱãûȥҰ褣֪СѾͷ˼һʱĽ֪
С褸Ǵ˰ɣ
׺Ľû˵ֻһ˶ź׵ͷੲݵĳ
˵ĶŪ븮ˣιˣġ
ϵիʳĽһҲֻ̧޳ָһš
׿ˣһһͷԼɫħĶԱȡ
룬˭˵ţȫϹ
Ľڲ󣬸оԼ쳣ȣ漴²豭
誵ܣôˣ׼Ķæڡ
ֻﲻǹģЩ˷ܺȸԾ
֪ԼʵһݺһֱûӣʵҩĨ˲豭Ե
׸ոչ⽲֮£Ϊ誣ĽᷳӶɾ衣
ҵġ֪ʵŷԺãôûŮˡ
Ҫڷ֮//֮£ʱ򸸻֪ˣᲪȻŭ
ڣֻҪԸԼĳҰ֪̫֮λͷԼĪˡ
뵽׷·𶼸ܵԼ̳лλӣҪϼǸСˣúÿ
誵ܣ᷿ЪŰɣȥ˯һ޾ͺˡֻϽɡ
Ȳ뿴ʱıˡ
ĽڵȸԽŨң͵ÿҪѡ
᷿һܻصģûȥĽ֪׸Լҩ᷿׼ʲô
һƿʵס
ȻԼҩĽȲϼأŭԣֶ̧һһȭ
ǳϰ֮ˣһȭֱӰ״˼Զ
ȻŶ
֪Լһ˿ڣÿȥҴҩȻԼزס
ڣץףϽ׷³ˣٲμҵĺô
׿ױԼ誴ʮֶԳƵͷǿЦ⣺ҩ
׵ͷӻóһСƿ˻Σ⿪ڡ
ҵҩҩֻţҪŲŮˣô˵μҸűӲԿġ
˵ŰѴƿ׻һţ汾ӱܺãȥ׷誣һҪڷ£ҿΪ׼˰˸أ
˵꣬һӴļ׷˳ȥ
Ʋ죬ԭոΪԼһȭѲݰˡ
ò˵ƻǳɹˣ̫֮λȷʵĪ
ôİѽҩԼ
ݰȻǲݰԼʲôʱ˵һϵˣ
תͷһ룬ԼͶҲûʲô顣
һǵľǱȽϲݰ
Ϊʡģƭ
᷿Ľһ·ײײٵıߡ
ΪҩṦʩչֻÿ첽ǰ
ʱʱĩɫʼ΢΢䰵
ǰһСԺƴŽʣһ˿ǣ̤Ժ
𣿡ŵĳû˻Ӧ
ΪеСԺǰţźסˣ󲻿
Ļֻ̌һ߿
ػһΪǸ޴ˣһѽոԡֻ꣬Űɫµ褻
ʱĽǿ˹Ͻ˷ʱݺһѪ˵ϡ
褿崳ӵݺڵͫײϷŴ
˫ס죬ˮ¡
κ;طĳԼ褣þò
Ҳʲô˵ֻǵԼһЦٲȻԼǸĽ̵Ĺ
ΨûͻȻԼǰѪȻ󻺻¡
Խػ첽ǰһѽ§ڻ̧ػſڣ㡣Ǿ磬Ǿ磬ô죬ô죬Ѫˡ
΢΢
ĽԺŮӾɫգ޵滨ꡣ
ȣ§űĺĽ̰ȡŮϵþŮӻ
§סȦԼ
ıһһϵĵţңҡ
ŮӾµ·һСصЦһ£ԼȻǷˡ
ȻİĹ￴˰褣ΪǰڻԼ
褣İ褡
ǸɵûյԼĻţ֪ûж͵͵ޱӡ
лҪ˵

 18 

磬ǰ褣ǰ褡
§ڻ־壬һĵġ
ǰӵ£ڱ˵ﻹЩִ
Ľӿѣȫǲĺ죬ոջѪˣ褵ġ
Ȼ褻ǰֹɵжֻһĻ
̧ĽĶͷ̽̽ǲǷȣĽȻ̧˫ۣ
˫ס褵˫գĿﲼѪ˿ʵԸԸ𣿡
˵ʱ³ϣСĶӶʱ۷۵ģЩ֪롣
ȻѾòֻܿһģӰ
̰§ǰŮʱĸоϺõ֬
磬㵽ôˣǰѽ
ûĽĵһĻĽ
褣ǰ褣
Ժ褵س룬
ԭоú޲븹е˶ʱоֵɽ
Ľƴƿˣֳŵأ֧Լ塣
ģ߻æת褶ӡ
ˣǰ褣褡
Լôܶ԰
ĽоԼȫѪҺڷڵĽţҪҪ
ԼƲס˺褵£ӻóߵҩ
ټιߺĽʱߣȥ̫ҽԺⰲҩ
һţܰ˯ϼʱ֪ܲסµҩ
ֻһԡ
񣬲ˣǸӴˣԺˡ
ƿ褻ûüſڵػŵĳ
褹˲ʧ䣬һȦ侲㣬һѾصԡͰ棬Ȼȥҵǧ˿ɴȹŵϣ絲ԡͰǰ
ĽʱѾ˯˹ȥ˰غú褽⿪ȹ̧ԡͰ
ػغʱ״żպ߽Ժ
Ŵ򿪣ˣҪѲ顣
˵誴뿪ģԺҲûĵط課
Ȼ˵Լץ誵ġ
ҪǱ֪Լڷ¸ҩֵñ䲻Ͻñ
ҼСԡ²̫㣬ӡ
ػû˵꣬׾Ͳͷһѽƿϻ࣬ӽջͷǽˣʱʲôԡ
׵ĻָקľͰıԵ
ôˣӱǸҪƤ
׵ֻδϣ㱻һץסǲԡ˼ǹѿ˵ˣҵˡ
ץףʵ׸оԼĹͷ챻çˡ
ף誺пܾ棬ӵļƻֻһҪǸӣ˽Ůȥˡ
۵ҧгݣɫЩŤ
ʥ֪մӵΪῴڹȥľͻʺķϣһԭ㣬ֻ𷣣ǳҰ˾֪
Ρףʲô誵λμҲһܺùŵ㣬ֻҪ̫֮λμһ֮µλÿɱꡣ
׵ɫѾѿݡ
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ӣΨһȫİ취ҵŮˣֻԼ
ģҺͶûʲô飬μҪֵ֧ıᡮıˡ
ӲʩһͨȰݰŪȥ˵
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俴ػһۣδԽףֱſȥ
šѽһ򿪣ݺѸٷֽŹ
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͸˿ȹԼԼܿŮӰѩ˫磬ī˳ֱĳ
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ף㲻
ײϿĽŲ褼øڡ
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׽Ųһ٣ұ㴩ýңұѲӡ
ܽͷ¿֣ԺյĶӳԶ
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׸ֶĬ
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м˶Ľ˵褹СμҴүأøⱾ£˾֪
˵˾ͻˣǧһ𻳺ӣҳ˱Ц
ʲôʱǧˣҿǷ㣬ҲϹ˵ü
㻹ϣҸ綼˵ˣŮһˣͻС㾹Ȼҵ
ף
ԼǺǧм֮ףΪ˷йδһ̶顣
竣˵
ûкǧ
褸оԼ״ƫˣתػ㾹ȻҪҵ滻ȹ滹һȺӡ
裬ŭ
ú׼ת뿪
ǵģǷǶ׵£⼸յչˣǷ
ѹײҽ˵Լ׼˳ȥ
µġʵ̫ŨңĽԵİֻѹһӣˡ
̣־Ѿģˣѹ֪ڵ
Ժ̧֣ˡһһӡ
ڰС̶
׼뿪Ȼ̧ƽ
δˣ㵱𣿡̧ŬԼ򶨡
׵͵һȥ׼ƿ˻
ͣ˶ɤ۵Ĳ΢΢¡
ܾǲҪҵˣ״
ԼˣĲ
褷ŵδˣŹҰɣ
ᣬֻԼһ磬ȴоԼԶԶ
Զ׾һӣ߲ԡ
֪ΪԼָоֻ֪ԼҪԶ褡
ѾͷжԼӰԽԽܻ᲻Ծȥ飬ÿһ飬ÿһ仰ĺ塣
ײų褣ֻһΣֻΪһΡ
ףֻΣΡ
ʵѹ֪Ȿ֪ж٣ȰԼ˵ңЩ˵
ģ򲻹ʱͿޱӣҲѶֿ¡
׳ȥƬԺû˶ػæû°ɣôͻȻֱӴŴˣĽû
ƣˣҡҡͷһȹæȥĽ
ѾȫʧȥҩЧѹסڵҩ
褰ϣ巢̵òȥѱ챧ߣˬЩ
ָմĽԺͻȻϡ
ֽ̧˫յ鷢£ڶţ褣褣֪ԣҿƲס
ϲĽˣ˼ҹڽߡ
褸оԼģͣһ±һ


 19 

褺ܽϴźܺŵĳζ褸оԼǱסˡ
ŴۣĽһһϵı褾ñҧԼ´
ڷȵúͿûϳԼʶҲǲѵġ
ҪǡҪԼ͵͵һӦûϵİɣ
һ¡
̧ͷϷſգ͵С͵һ
Сһᣬֹ̧סĽĲӣ촽һ£ͷɿſ
˫ס
Ĵһ㵯
ȻȦ˫ۼ䣬Ϊ̫褵ؿ
˾硣
û褻ȵĽһǣǳòˡ
ռݺŮӵĽϡ
ι˶Ժ⣬ػ˳Ŀڡ
ｹ̧ƿĽæ齣Щȹ
ԭŮ󣬻ƽʱƲġ
ĽҩҸոһȫϣŲƿ
ػݺ褿ڵ㣬˵ʲô
ػССմƿݸ褡
ʲô
˵Ϊ˱ǰվ飬˽ҩĽӣ˵ȥҷһɽظȥӲˡ
褴δûң˵ûգﻹǹ֪͵ڸûеԼ
ģ̫ˣһǾͻظȥ
˵ƿţûʲôζ
ȥɽҴѾˣ룬״Σҽˡ
Ҫ뺦磬ոʱͲŹԼˡ
褶һ裺磬Ⱥȿˮһûˡ
Ȼȡƿĺɫҩ͵Ľûȥ褲ĵ̧̧¶
ػվĿڣ׻˵˵ϹģѲ׵
ԣüҪǲϹģˡ
ľŲǲ׵ˡ
ӣϸĽŶϵĺ顣
ػ֪˱˵Ľ뵽׺Ļû˵ڡ
ֻ뵽׵ĻЩǡ
װҩʱ˵˸ոյĻ˵֮ҪץĽΪǲ©ݵˡ
ֻǱӴÿ޵һ·Ǳӵ
׽ûɫػ֪ĽǴݻġ
м죬дһⶼûأȻ˵Ҳе
Īǵˡ
褻ͷͼػһ䱸ĴĽ
ʱĹǣ㣬粻ǻ˵ġ
ػ
ͼı죬ǰͿԶˡ
ɵǰཱུӣڵǾɫֱر
ô֪ڵ㣬ģ
ػ촽˶ߵĻû˵ڡ
㣬ȥĸװɣġ
ػ̧ͷ褵ĶͷСѾͷ㵽·˵ģľ
ԣ褵˫һ¾ͺˡ
ȷʵҲеС˽ġ
Ҳĸ׵ġ
һˣ۸ô죿
ǻṦ𣿴ù𣿡
ػҡͷ
²֣Լпܴù
㿴ҪлģҲûá
ǡȥˣȻֻǳʱǴ˼𣿺ȭŵġ
ػ˵žתţ߱ߺţңҺܿͻ
뿪תϵˣ̧ĽĶͷẠ̊́Ҳ̡
ѵ׸ҩǼٵģ
뵽ʼһ˿ţ˲°ɣ
ǰԼ˿ĸ׶ȸԼȥڶͻˡ
뵽Լո⿪Ľĳɢʱˣȥ
ĳ΢΢
ֽͷϵĺ˲תֵһ裬ĽͷԼϣѲ豭ŵ߸ѵĴ
ĽϵûнȥļʶҲԺ
ϣȵõһ˿⣬պк⡣
ڵ궯ȥָ̰࣬оͷ褻￿˿
Ľʲô塣
òˮ괽褽ͷŻϣȥŲ豭
Ƣһ¾ûˣĽȻ̧ץס褵֣ͳ˻Ƶĳߡ
褱ͻȻĶһϵĲ豭һϣһء
ĽԼ֣ķſ׼ȥʰϵ豭
ȻҪ磬ô졣
ָ豭ĽͻȻһһ½Լ
褱ŵþһ
һֳڱϣĽ
ڱϵָоеʹ̧һָոձƬˣѪð
ĽڻֶˣҺ˿ڲ󣬱ûᡣ
֪§ԵʣǽҩʼãĽ˽§褣û˱Ķ
ϵҲһɢȥ
褿ǰϸ̧ͷԼˡ
òûʲô仯ȻǸ߱촽ֻԽ
շתߵҹֵļѽ⸲ǵĴѩٵͷ˼ͬһ
ͷһĬһ֡Ľ
ľ硣
褽ͷţĽС۽ǵüҶǲزסЦ⡣
лҪ˵ԭҽСΪȥˡ
²
С˵褻᲻ĽΪ븺Ȣ
ٷӦģģĻ¡û̫๷Ѫ趨

 20 

ڶ
ĽʱָһŮϸĸ첲
һ£ͷһԼһˡ
һŮӡ
һ˲䣬ŮӾµ𾪡
üۣ촽࣬Ӥϸ覴á
üۼЩǰİ褣žֺǰཱུر
Լ˯Ũ
ű⿪Ľһ
ĿⲻƲһСѪ
ӡˡһԼ
Ľŵϣȡŵֱۣͷ齱Ŭ¡
ֻ϶ǵãݺڻԼ
̫ҽİҲûѹסĻҩ
ȻץסŮӵ֣ԼͷЩۣ䶼ģ
񡭡ȫǲסˡ
ŵһصĲ豭ҵı졣
Ľü
ǣôң
˯ͿԼ齱ߵĽ
硣ûˣǻϲá
ĽһͰ褵ͬǴżֺŮԼƻ𿡣
ȴһģһ
ֻа褣ỽԼ硣
Ϊ˲СΣĽκ𾪣һĨЦתͷ
ǰ褣
ĽߣתͷһЦңǰ褣㿴ҵӶأ
˵ţ̧ϵһӣĽǰ˻Ρ
Լ뿪ʱ褻ǸޱӵСѾͷССģཱུġ
ǰŮӾµպĵЦ⣬ĽƬ̻㱡
Ůʮ˱䡣
⣬ѻǣҵȥôһ޶û
뵽ػҹ뿪ʱ˵ȥĸ׵᷿һƾͻ
ڶһҹҲˡ
ĶȻʼʲô°ɣ
磬ҵȥҽ㡣˵æĿʼЬӡ
褣û㣿
Ľ˵ֱ̫СΪ飬ϸôʡ
ʵʵǣû۸㡣
Ϊ˼ǵԼƲסǹ£һӡҲû
Ҳδ룬ѿڶôŵأϲ硭
ҵ˼˵粻ˣ㣬Ҹ綼ϲ硣
һСĽĻѿڶæĿڡ
ĽЦЦ״ҽʱҩ¼ǲ̫ȫǰչҵģ
褲Ҹ˽ҩźġ
ǾôʶףԼݵ¾סˡ
ʵûôչˣ˯һԼͺˡΪ飬˵ʱҿĽϸ۵ָץԼȹ
ĽźͲȻĽ۵ס
֪褽Ųʱϰקȹ
ҵҩôܰ˯һͺˡ
ԡԼĺ˼֮ס
褣ϲ𣿡ĽתͷĿűһĨѪڡ
ԣ褴Ьһ۾ĶЬ⣬̧ͷȥ
ϲϲİɣ
֪Լã׽ӵϲһ
Ҳ¶ģԺһϲ
褾ԼҲƵúܺãھ绳˺ܶ࣬ԺֻǾ硣
ЩþĻû˵ڶΡ
Щڱ˸һʱҪʿɶֹ
ԼĽż⣬ƵĿڣţϲ磬ϲһϲ
ĽƬ̡
褵գ޴ɶ㣬һһʮĿڣ褣Ȣ㣬޸ңһչġ
ᣬ褶ȴһףôĽ
޸
ûǺܾúܾǰˡ
Ǹͷдɽľľ֦һʱÿһεȴĻʱĳѩվڳǽһδݵķ򷢴ʱһʧ
ҡҪȥҽĸˣȻǻᵣĵġƿĽ̫ţ˵е͡
Ľӣ˫
褣Ȣ㣬Ľģһúչ㣬㡣
ɵ֪֪һζʲô
Ӷһ£ûлӦ̧ȥ
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ϸԵҸʶ᷿ôʱػŽպתսǣ
ǰ廳һʱЩޡ
ļ꣬׵Ļů
ǿ켰ǵĴˣô˵𱸵Ļȴһ¸褵ͷ
㣬ôȥһޣ˵ܿͻ𣿡ӽ廳תػڡ
ҵʱӲʣҲˣ߲ػοڡ
ǸҲ֣ŵ褵֣´ţҲˣû°ɣôû˵ѹ˶һȦ
û£㿴Ҿأ
˵꣬Ϊ֤ԼĺܺãתȦ
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褵ͷתİػһԣ㣬ûĸ׾°ɣ
ػҡͷ
˷˴ޣȻֿʼԣӱòУҪ֪˻ż
ϸǰͣ£³תȥĸס
ĸŮ˸̤ţϷԵڶǰ褹ϷȥԺһˡ
褳üջ֪ĸʱ
⻰ʵþΪūˣϷ˵£һ֪褹ɡ
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ֺγĸףÿΪ˹˼Լ͸磬ĸĸ˰ۺͼ
褵ʱϷڶŪ
ߵϷߵϷˣ褹ﵽˡ
Ϸ˻δţרĵĶ
ֻһֻëʰǺÿһֻͿ࣬Ѱ졣
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Σ̫̫ѶһӣûõĶôҲǵСһԣϹһëƤ裬һȥԺ
˵꣬Ʋһ褡
վһû˵ϷƲʱײϣ褻һĨ޺Цݡ
̫̫״ò
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Ů÷˷徻أ㴩˵Щȹ
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ֻ褵òЩΪϼһŴ
ϼС˼ңֻһλϹˣȻǲ̫ܣνŻԡ
ޣ檡
ϷǴġ
ʵʲϴӣǰհҲʾ褡
̫̫Ӧ¡
ȻûʲôʵȨôλϮģԶҲΪϼҴٺô
һǣͼ޹ȥ
Ϸ˽ԭһ£һ¶֪ӣա
ѾͷվǸ˰ڲԼΪʲôҪ
̫̫˵ʲô褶һţһϷ˻ﻰӣ̫̫ơ
漴ԼԺš
褵ıӰ̫̫Ʋ죺һƤңվǸûϢġ
ظְϾ
ЩʼԹĽԼòƽģһ䡮褣޸ҡ㽫ԭΡ
Ľдַʱػݸһţһͯ͵ҼҵģĽȥҼüˣҴˣ˵Ҫ㣬ȥҵҪײô죿
ػһ˵
ŷȻǶµּϤּּ
û˵תݣš
ǰЩӶ԰֮£ַԷθѸ֪˫ףղðϢģպ󣬺ϼҾ¥Ȱ褾۴Ӧǰ
Ϊһ̡
ŷﻹŰװֵ̣һŷ
𣬱ϴεĻ


 21 

յĽź˿ʼ
̫ͻȻʼδġ
ԭظʮ˯˯ѣյĽź󣬱Щߡ
ÿնȥǽһЩʵĸٸ
գرڡ
ϲĶʱͻɺܶࡣ
ǰһĸֱԼʱܳԡ
ԻӣʱЩģûʲô쳣
յĽŵҹűĽŷ
ţҪҪȥ磿
ڶգǱѵġ
ú󣬴򿪷ţҶѹź䡣
ǴԺѾߣģѾȫǳģϸһ顣
»ظ󣬽úչ褡
һ褶ӡͦãչԼʱҲǾְ
Ǹʲôǰǳ
褹Ϸ˵ġһ˿ڡ
׽ҲҪɰɣǷſȥĸ˵
ҧ촽˵
һҶԣ褿һ褹ͱȥˣѽү˺ӣϷҪأȥǵԼһ𣿡
ڸ϶һܺƣͨѾūͶԴλò˵С㣬кøС
ʶѵ
ԣתͷ䣬ǲʵ
һˮͻȻ˼Ҷͨһǰ
С㣬ǵģûйүǡǶү˾ƣǿСȾңѾһˣϷ˴ߣһûġ
һʱ֪˭˵Ļ档
ֻ˺УǺͶһҹ
˵ŮһˣŻСġ

ʱ褣Ͻ㿴ȥƲơ
δˣԺ
תսǣĳһֵ֣ԴͷԺأ
үȾū澰ɣûйүˣת
ոǣҽ
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оõĻֵֹģ˵⡣
ûϵΪǡ뵽ûҪЩӲżǣĻȻֹ
ЩǵɵѾͷʱĸ׸ɣ
ҪǱ֪Լǰֵñ׷Ժ
Уһ˽ģϣЩ£Щˡ
ȫ۵СѾͷ붼룬üʱ
̾Ϣһȵ˵褵ĶͷΣ䶼ץȥĸԺ󣬲ȻǵҪۣԺѾߣĸǨŭĸ׵ġ
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϶үȴҲû¶
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еҲӰ̫̫
ϸ˵һʮ꣬һ˸ҵ
ǸδѾͷƬӡ
ϣôôãĸվͻҪƫģ˸Ұ褹Ѻסҩūȥ
̫̫ǵӿʱ޲˺顣
ǸСǾ䡮Ҫƫġʱίˡ
ֹԼĸס
ȻѹﻹǾǿûĺûϸĸҪִ⴦ĺӣҡҾȥ١
֪ԼΪƣǿѾߣ
ô꣬ڴ󷿵Ĺ
ȥ١
ˡ
㡭㣬
̫̫ǰ̧֣Ҫ褵Ķ⡣
ʱ³ظ̫̫ϻպÿⳡ
첽ǰŮ󣺡ĸףĸףǲˣʹԺúýѵ
·ϣѾ˵µ龭
̫̫ڴ࣬
ôҪôͲôûأһ˫ŮûһгϢ
ããʹȥúýѵСӡ
ϻΪ֤Լãýһ¡
ȻתװĶŮڣԺȥ
ҪѺҲȥ褹ִ
㡭㿴̵ĹŮ̫̫ԣָ̧褡
ȴǶϻ˵ġ
ϻϷ̧ץסָ׻Ů
ĸףҪѾҲȴȥǰԺˣִ˿ɲá
ѾһûϸˣϷˣϲ
ǿϼҵݡ
ū澣Ȼ׸Ҫ
ΪˣϷûлؾϻĻ
ūϸҪʱԡ
ϷԺһֱû˵
ϻŮ̧ļ򣺡񣬿ˣ£еڡ
ǺµģǱˡ
Լĸ˵µ
ҲǹĸģŮֻǾ̫ƫˡ
ϻŮŸԼͣᶼˡ
۵òС
֪׵ģҵɶµģĸͿˡ
һԵͦãҲѧ褵
ҲǹġҲĸƫġ
û˵ꡣ
ϻİƾ͡žžͷϡ
˫ֻͷֱС
Ҹ㲻οһοһңҲҪҶ֣˵ոΪ˱񣬲ĸ׵ġ
ϻĻôӵۡ
žž¡
ĸףĸףСӣƤˣҪǿлãҪȣ֪£ùȥ
һȻҲϵ˵е»͹Լ
ҪǴȥ伯УɶҲûС
䱻󣬽һ
Ҳչˡ
ϾΣ˵ûû֣Ҳ㲻ϣʼջŶĺӡ
ϻߺ͵͵ȥ
Щġ
һͱץȥϷˮûһڡ
褵ţԵ̻ʺ䡣
Ҷĺӣ
ĵģͷ
ոһӵˣԼҶãֻ褹վԼ˵
ƭ
ﶼˣ褹ʲôʵ档
㻹ÿնźңӻﶯҲǵģСЩҶһôʲôҪǲôã˵ͲỳСˡ
䣺
תһ룬褹ﻹǸδµĹŮӣŮ֮£Ҳ
ǣĵһش褵⡣
࣬ūϲչ褹ģãºͣӻᶯ̫Сū澳˰ᣬȽ̰˯ʱЩģûʲôʡ
ԼĻɫһӰˡ
䵣ǵĿڣ褹ôˣ
ûû£Ȼݣˡ˵褿첽صԼԺ
ţźĻ
᣿̰˯ģ£
Լǰվ
뵽һǰ;絥һһҹ
褿Լƽ̹С

ˣҲϲˡ
ԭûƭԼŮһ̫ˣĻỳСġ
ʵ褻ŵ
ϣһǰĽš
褲վԼԼھ¥档
ԣȥ߾硣
ϸϼҾ¥ԭòһʱ䡣
Ӳ˰ʱ
ϾԼڶкӣСЩ
Ľ˰ˣȷ褻᲻
ǻԼĽ룬Լֻȥ°褵ĵˡ
˵ǸɱӦòҡ
ҪҪȥϵʱͻȻƿ
̵˽
ˣĽİˡ
褣ôˣǲģĽݺһֱͷ˵̽ʵ
̧Ľۿӯӯ磬ˡ
ž
ڼžã˺塣
Ƭ̣褽ſڣЩԹ㣬ԭҶҪԶһЩģץҵֲš
Ľ
ðɣĴ
š
ҪԼʱȥ˸ӣôԶӦþͲ˰ɣ
ڣھǺڡ
ΪʲôԼҪźÿԻ᲻߿
Ľ¡һ
Сˡ
ϾʮԳѧ֮ˣܿ컺
褱𼱣˵˵̧ȥ褡
Ǳź򣬵һβˣĽһʱЩ޴룬ָ֪š
º
һĮԣصĶӣⲽ
ˣԼӦעЩʲôҪЩʲô
ʳ費ҪҸţʲôǲģ
Լϻع̫ҽԺȺϼһúоо
ҲøϽˡ
лҪ˵vˣл֧ңĴ£λүɻ⣿
ϲĽϲ
֧ѽ
úڰ壬ƪûôṷѪᣬҲõģӣǶֵá

 22 

褺ĽںϼҾ¥, ʱ
ԻؼҸ֪˫, ׼׵¡
˵, ʵĽһ˾ġ
Ϊ褸, ԼкĽͿʼϲ, ƽϲ顣
Լ⣿
˵Ҫס
Ȼ˵زĵط֪ο˵ݡ
ĽΪΪƶСĨ档
Ϊ˺롣
漴褣ԼĸײһĸһСС֬ӣҲǹѵ
ﶼ͸¶ţңʵ
Сֿŵԡ
һԭߵĻ, ȥ
Ҫ˵ԼǳаŮ᲻Ա
Ͼ˵궼Ҫ̧ˮ
ԭ̹׵Ļ, ˸䡣
˵ʱͳˣѹʵҼҲҲòȥ, ɱϸΪūڼֵء
ӹҲǽͰ͵ġ
ĽһȻ˵ģԼ˰褵֮
һǵİԼ˵øң褲ܺ޸ļ޸Լ
˿޲һϼƾԻؼң˫һ¡
صϺ
ʱϻŮһصӣƽʱϲŹǣҲˡ
񣬳ԵϻװһŵּһŹǡ
褡šһͷɵĳ˼ڡ
ڼһֱڹ۲ϻͽ壬Ҫôڲźá
ͿˣЩļл˵
˿褣Ļ
˭֪ͻȻˣ֧֧˰죬û˵һ֡
ΪҪ˵պ£ûзϣ꣺˵ˣȥպԺ˱ӡ
褼ĸ˵žҪһѿڶҪˡ
һ仰ƽһףŵϻ붼ûץȡ
ֱӱպȵûüµǺÿ
ϻ̧ŮĶͷҲûѽ
褼Ѿ˵ڣɴȥˡ
ģҪˡ
ϻǳ˳飬ĵ
ҲģԴû⡣
ţϻԹĿ˽һۡ
ǰŮеĿԣûɵģθҲ̫á
ͽ˵Ҹһ£˵Ϊڷܾˣ໺û¡
㲻ǽ챻˰ɡһͣ¿Ժ󿪿ڡ
ֻнû˵ԱߣĿŮ
֪ŮĪĸ
Сɶ£ż͸ּ䡣
ʲô˵ʲô˵Ůзִġ
ԣ֪褲˵Ц
޸˭һ赭ʵ
͸磬Ϊ˵̬ȣĸ褰ࡣ
֪Լġ
룬ûм硣
֪ġ
һˣ褣ú˵Ҵǧûôʱҵĺãú˵Ȼҵġ
ǰ滹װ˵濪ʼ褡
˵ףԼҪģΪóȥϹ䣬ʶ˲ĵˡ
оԵġɱһͷȻϵһƵĿԼ
ʱϻҲоŮ˵ģѵûķĿӡ
ޱ鿪ڣ˵
褼磬ǲסҪ޵ģǰȥĸ쳾λӡ
ͷ£һ֮Ե
żǵá
ʼ϶ܵ˵
褰ѺĽĹ̴˵һ¡
ȻǺܴţΪĽд֣ڷ˴һҹ¶û˵
˵꣬ϻͽ壺Ҫ޸硣
ϻĹʲôľ磬ӶŮҪ˹ˡ
褣֪Ҫ޸ǸʲôĽҲĸ㣬ﲻͬ⣬
ϻϽ͵ԶԣҲͬ⡣
УУҲͬ⡣
ǵķԣԤ֮С
ֻ֪ô˵Ҫô˵
ԼС˵Ļĺһ쳤Ҳסġ
һż£һʱ滨ꡣ
ǡˡ
˵ոҪǾ仰羪ףھ
ϻֱûȣӻ˻Σˤڵϡ
УôУǸ˵ģ۸ˣҡȥɱֱˡ
֣̲ס
Լܻţܼ
ԼţŮָ˭
񣬸ôеġ
ѹŮ֮£һϲͨôˡ
褵ָקһ¿ڡ
һǰڷ£ӵסСԺѻ棬קҽݣ͡ץҵȹ
ȥһȫѪҺڽ
˵
褼˵Ƕˣȥӣͣ˶ûΪң١ٺ紳˽
ϺһϺ̣ʶ̫֪ôˡ
ϻͽǹˣһ֪/ҩ
ҲûŮ
ǺˣںϼҾ¥ұ۸ҡµĽ͡
Ȼҷݣ͡Ǿ͵һҹ
˵꣬æż͵ҲǹҪ;簤ô˯һϵģҡʵ̲ס
˭Լϲ˼ˡ
ôÿ
ϻ壺
ô˯һϣһҹǸĽǸҩ
ϻоˣˣ˯һˣô졣
񣬴ӿǿиʲôҩ衣
Ů˱Ƚϸģһ֪ĽΪ/ҩԼŮأ
ŮѵģֲŮ֮£Ϊ˵Լ̲ס
ҡͷûУҳ˳ڵիûԱġ
һӡ¡һ
ɵŮʱﶼأӱիﶯֽŻף
ѹŮ˵̲ס
˭ס
ˣϻȻҲ֪Եɡ
ԭִǸ
Ǹ縮ںδ
ҡͷô֪
ĽǽķӣǰϷİ
ԣֱҪѪˡ
ȻֻǸϷӣƿʸûС
Ȼ˶ɼġ
ϻ˵޺޺³ԷŮ޹ȥöࡣ
УܼޣһϷģ޹ȥøųԶٿࡣҲû룬ڡ
ϲ磬Һõġ
ܵԣ㻹Сϲ̫
ԣֿʼӣĸôͲףϲ磬һһҪ޸
οҲûеѽ
ȻףŮϲǸĽСӡ
䲻֮£ɲɵϲںĽм֮׺󣬲޲֣ôԼ
˵ʱԸġ
ϲģɽ˲䣬Ҳġ
ϻ˷һۣʾ˵/Ů
ϾŮӵˡ
ϻһۣŮԼΪż
Ľôƶǵ飬ҳа˵ǴȨ󣬵Ѱ˼ҲǴ˼ˡ
ҡͷҺ;˵ҵɱġ
͡褵Ļû˵꣬һڲˮ˳
ϻһ飬ԼȻҡһ䣬ɱ
ˣҼ޸ɣҺõġ˵ţͨһ¹ڽǰ
岻ѹý
ĶӣϷϷӡ
ôİŮ޸˼ҡ
ãǺĽݲ̫࣬䣬䡣룬ü޸һϷС
䣬ȷʵ䡣
ûʲôԼá
һֱûɿڣ褱żôһ˵Сּǽģҵɱģһһ䣬ôͲˣ
ϻɵŮ
ǲϷ̫ˣҲɱġ
Ůۿ޵úˣϻ۲ѡ
ˣҪȼһĽ˵˵˼ҳٷ磬ǰ;ܸչ˺أ
Լһۡ
ٷܳԱǰ;֮ǰŮóԶٿࣿͻȻģ᲻檳ȺҿĽһǸö
ϻǼ⣺Ǹ䲻㸻ޱߣûģԼŮԼҲš
κ󣬽̾һ
Ӷˣô죿
ҲֻģԼϷǰ̣Ϊ˸ŮѰһź¡
û뵽ͷȻ˸СϷ
ǸʲôĽģҼһ׵
Ǹʲô
УûϸС㣬˵ϸˣɱģһ˵Լ褣Ծ粻ϡ
õػҵݡ
ˣСڣ㲻ỹûи磬ֱӰ˸û˰ɣ
һнпܡ
ҡͷŷġ
ûԼֱƾձû˾ͺá
ϼҶ󣬾װɱģؼҵĵطһδŮ


 23 

ĽؼҶҪԼ, ҲǽŵòС
ɽ빬, һЩ䶩׵Ǻ͹ء
ǰº, Ͼз˵δĶǸŮ, ӶԴŮӷǳġ
һʮŴžͳˣӶŮ쳣۰, Ҫ̧ΣӭȢΪҷĲ檡
һʱ䣬ʳǶں棬ŮǺҲ˺ø
ȻǺ󻰡
ȥؼǰĽΪ˷ԼͰ˵ݣһɫֲϡ
·Ըȥġ
ȻùܼҰѶӸȫټһ
һʱ䣬Ļ̻̲֪˺¡
Ľϲ, ϵ˲࣬ȫǾϸѡźˡ
, ûѾߡ
̣ûоҲǲ̤Ӹġ
㿴ңҿ, һãȻ
ĽɤӣǰϵӶã¸£ʱӱ
߰˸˶һ𾪡
ӻҪǴǮ
ĽüǲԸ⣿
漴йܼһ̶ʮһ
ӺǻֻһöͭǮһԻʮӡ㣬ٲжá
һóСӺͭǮսսĻ˶ʮ
ǸоԼѣҪṦսҪĽܶӵӡ
ϲŲڱ֪Ǻ⣬ѵ˴ҳһˣ
ظҪЩźá
ĽȻ֪ǵĵսľĵһȺһб˸ռһģ
ССһͭͼӣĽЦЦ
ЩǮȥףӦþͲ̫Ϊɣ
ֱӴһӣؼҵˡ
ǣȥֻĸһ̳Ӿơ
ˡ
ʹ񲿵ˣѰ˼ҵһţЩ
ԭǻҪһģŰ褵ĵɱǲȱģͶһֻ
ǣպգս޲ʤһڵĶӡ
ձὣһ˫֣һ̳ƣץֻĸȥؼҡ
һ磬ͨĴֲ˫ץƣڸǲε
һ·϶СǣƵƵͷ
ؼǰĽЩ
һ仰Ҫ˵ʲôҪôͶϱ֤Լչ˺ð褣ǷİŮ޸Լ
һ£ĽⷽԼû顣
ˣȥ˵
Ҳˣ°ɣ
ڣϻϵ·Ϊǿƣϵɱݡ
׼ǸĽһ֪ԼɲǣԺЩ
ĽػŽʱľһ
һϣһûһµӣվԱߡɱ
ǰ褵˫ס
ѵõһ԰û˵
磬Ľݣﶼû˵Σȴк
¡ĿĿڡ
ĽЦЦĶǰͷֵĽززĸ
ϻֵֹܾģôоڰݼԼһ
ǻʼҵڰɣ
ϹݼʲôС֪֪ȥԼд鷳ġ
Ľǰɣã̲סڡ
˶һۣ⵽δķԺҲһˡ
Ľ˿ûĻЦŵ˵ͷ
Ľݣһֱ
ģòüĿǸߴ
ӱ߳һͷҲС
ɡɫࡣ
òǺġ
忴öˣϻȴԽԽ
ʮͷ⣬СӣƾһźƤͰԼıŮˣ
ÿǿԼҲǸСɾ
˵ԼӪϷӣǸӣ𣿡ֱ˵ʵ
ҸǽķӣҲڣڳǱһСطﾭӪһСӡ
ԭĸʱĽ׼˵Լĸ򶹸ģĸǲ⡣
ĸǿҪ£ĽѶ̯ĳӡ
ͷʣȢҼ񡣡
ϻ˷˵Ļ
ʣҪŰŮ޸һ
񣬿أ
ǵģĽǰȢ褡
˵ӻóһͭǮķϡ
оǲ̫ÿĽӶͷƸزϡ𣿡
ϻɵˡ
ǵһμôһͭǮ
ϼҲ󸻴󣬵ôʳǣÿµǮ
һѼȫͭǮʲô
ıŮ޹ȥóԶٿͷϻоԼھƣͷΡ
Ľˡ
ϻ忴ϵͭǮȴǶĽֿ϶˼֡
һƽʱһļҵ
Ϊȫóˣ
⵽С
Ľ֪ؼҶǵʲô
漴ڣ褼޸ҺһһߴϷ࣬һĶ飬ʱȡһо٣ð褸ҳԿࡣ
һϲųʥϰ䲼ʥּϷʮڲÿƿ£ûӰ죿
ĽҡͷֻǾӪϷ࣬ϷӣԲӰ죬һزĸɷģǰԺԹˣ֮
ĽǺͨ͸ģԼ˵ƶ࣬ϣ褲Ҫи
ؼҸĸͲһôˣԼó⡣
ö֪ԼϽŬ඼һʱġ
˼ƾʲôŮ޸һһǴ⵰
ĽԽ˵ԽŮҲûô㡣
Ķţ̸µ壬ǳСطˡ
úãܿƿˣĸ˵ǾӪӵģС˼ҵĸƢѽ
Ȼ㿴ҪҪӣ㸸ĸһ³׵ˡһĸոĮ̬ȣҲࡣ
Ѿ֪ĸվͻᵽ
Ľ˵һ٣̧褣Цż˵浾Ҳǻϲ
ԣ褽ߵĵͷ
ǾһοԼŵ͸档
СоΪġ
ĽҶר̸Ҳܼĸ档
ЦЦͷˣá
ϻ̬ȵת䣬ġ
ڸϻԼԹĽǸĻˣʱ᲻ƭŮ
ס
ŶþͱˣŮƱֺƭ
ԼǲϲСӣע⵽ˣĽݺ͵͵Ρ
ϻģǰԼ³ظŮ۶ԼͿԼΡ
ǸĽΡ
ϻ֪ǣŮΣʵڹ۲Ľ̬ȡ
ү˵仰ѽϻתͷڡ
һڵհ
ĽԼˣزү
һ㶣ĵá
ƽϰˣһʱûӦ
һֱһû˵Ĳ豭ӣүʲôүҵֽزҰʲô㣬ѵǼ
˵⿴ڣ򵥳¾ɵİ衣
ȷʵе
ϻƵĵһ
СӣԼȡʲôزҰҰˡ
ȥʰ
в񣬲Լͷ
˺ѣΪ˸ĸ״Բ
ɴ˳ŶӵĻҰҪĽҶˣǾͶӣϲ°ˣΣ
ϻԣ鲻Ըšһ
ͬˡ
ΣΡ
ӶˣΡ
ǽĽ÷ȥؼ
Ȼǲġ
ڣػĸףѼӡ
ڸʱûϼҺԺ
ĸѼʱݡ
ȥǰݡ
Ͼңû޹ȥ֮ǰҪһЩźá
ĸæڣˣôūԶԶţòǲ
룬ͷС
Ԥĺ̫࣬׼ŮԽԽϲ
뿪ʣĽϻӡ
ŷƣϻҳȥûҪæġ
˵žķȥ
ĽתͷϻʵֳҲϸ𣿡
ʵ˵ֵصġ
ʵΪ̫ĪˣԼݺû˵仰
Ľһʱϻ̬ȣЩĥ͸
ûһ˵
ϻ룬յһμƲ䣬СӾԼǺ۸ġ
Ժô죿
ǣһӣϸţġ
δ̤ŵԣһģ˵ڵء
תͷϻԼĲ
ϻһۣתͷȫĲ
ԼǳɱСزҰˡ
ţģôˣ
˵ţɱɱˡ
ϻ룬ɱţĶˣĽģԺ󲻸۸˰ɣ
˻ᣬϻĽԺתת
ؼҵԺӣ˼Ի㣬ԺֵĶǲˡ
ĽоϲЩ䡣
ѵԼﻹûã
ϲˣҲͲġ
ĽţɲС
ͷȴ£ôҲð褿ļ޹
زǵİ褼޸ܿ࣬ģҷģһᣬһ֡
ϻڰ֣޹أǿ˸а
漴ָԺĲ˵أԭ˼ŴײˣˮϤտ̫ɹţʪ
˵ϻһͣתͷĽǰһ£ҷˡ
˵˲ˣ
Ľ
֮⣬Ľ᲻ס

ǺǺǣô˵ľͺá


 24 

ü, պ
, ĽϾ, һ, ˽
Ұ֮أױ˵ġ
ôõĹñָָ㡣
ظ, ϻϷ¡
үҲĸӵĸ飬Ҫĸ֪޵һϷҲ˵ͬͬףͬˣԺŮţҲҪٰܲۡ
ǰ̣Ϊ˸Ѱһź¡
ڣ, ҲΪŮ
׺ӶȻȸҪ׾࣬ʱԼЩ, ҪŮʱظ
뵽ĸ߲ȵͣƶĵУʱָô
ΪŮԼҲʲô
ϻ˷˵Ļ, ûгҲû̧Ӧϡ
һĸףһŮ
ȻҲ֪ĸ״ʧƫģ˿ԹҲԱԹԡ
ֻ߰š
ҪָĸףʧТ
ҪʲôҲĸ׵ʱ񣬱ǲȡ
ѵľء
ǸģϻΪѣûмԹĸ
ǱϾǲүѪס
תͷʵĸʱҲͦģһǰҴȥǴΣ˺üȹǧ˿ɴӣɲˡ
ǵŮûƼõɫ»ȹģתۡ
˵ʱʼնЦ⡣
Ϸ˵ҳ㣬ĵġ
еĺ壬ϻס
Űݷ͸ôЩϷ׼Щ֦չȹټǼӸպڷ¡
Ϸ˵Ŀģ
뵽˵Ǹ·ҪǸպöӵˣֱ롣
ϻס˵֣һ㶣תͷϻ
֪ЩίΪ˲ΪѣΪ˸Ůһź£һֱ̡
岻ֻתͷ͵͵ĨĨ۽ǡ
ϻ˵ַԼģġ
Ҳ֪ҪˣҲ̣ȥĸ˵ʱ˳ָģʱһԼŻŮͻÿ˭ɫ
ԣĿϻһĻɡ
ү˻ɵ棿ĿԷָ𣿡
ǰҲϻֳȥ£˵˼ϻûͬ⣬ҲͲ˵ˡ
ϻͷ棬һα֣ҿǺܾˡ
ʵǰ׺ǧ˽ͨϷ˵̬Ⱦϻġ
ΪŮΪԼ̶꣬ίҲӲԹصҲǳЦӯӯ
ԼҲΪΪʲô
ТҲһζТ

ϼҷָΪŮ׼ͬʱ
ʹڣĽҲͬԼĸʺĸ飬պ˼¡
ʵŶӣްɽģ
ĽȻĵͷ
ƣöȢǶϷ
ܽؼ״һݸ
ĪҲ誶ЩˣҲԼģ˻ҩ˹ˣҪʲôƾ֮£ֲݡ
˵ܽ̾˿
ʹ誶褿ǸùʶˣҲ÷Ҫ誶ûлҩʲôƾٰ꣬ˮɣӭԷļ޽š
Լİĵúóס
ʲôʱͿԳΪ÷ˣ
Ľڷҩ£ѹûع˵ҪȢʱֱ˵ˡ
£֪Լ
òģҩǴǸµġ
ӵĸףҲȥľͻʺķޡ
Ǳĸָ飬޸ġ
İˣֻܽΪ
޸󣬱˵ĸȫ֧ʱѹλ
ܽ븮ҲʵԽ
ޣȻ
λҲԽ⡣
׺誵ĽϵӹԽӵġ
ܽصɶӸǽ
ֱѩ֣䣬ͻȻȾ϶񼲡
̿ޣ᧿Σ
մڳѩ㷢̿
æüûʱظ϶ܽϡ
գܽȥΡ
ʹּ̿ټ빬ȼݡ
ԶӦϣܹʳǣȼݳɹ
Զĸҡ
ϻظʱѾ御
ܽظĸҸĵһ仰빬ү
ǣҲ˵һ仰
ǳ䣬ԶĵչӣΨһİҲûˡ
˺Գӣ۰ƫġ
˶˵ʵۺãֻԼ֪ʵۣһҲá
Էޣһλ÷
ΪֲƫĳӣСӶԣһλøס
ʧȥΨһŮټι
£ꡣ
ܽص֣׶ԣѾո˼ˣƾٰ£誶ò飬ܽأ޺͸ʲֻͬԼĶӡ
꣬ҲΪȻʶɣȨ֮䣬ʧƫ˱ƹı硣
֪ģǰҲгչ˴ӣҲֻǾί˰褡
Ůû˺ܽһֻϣϲ˳졣
Ҳ뵱һĸϲϲ
誶Լͱµ·
ҪȻʴͻ飬û޹ǲǾͲкŵı硣
ҲһΡ
ܽ˿ûй׵˼Ρ
֪Щ겻Լܽض׶誶ĲƣҲǰݡ
Ͷӳѧ뿪ʹûκη֮¡
Ůˣİһӵˡ
Σ㿪ʼЭ
ããȥίǹһӣ誶˿ƾ֮£εЩ͢ľް䲼ʥּ£Ӵ֮£ʱٰ쳡ʢ¡صĻ硣
ܽԣͷЦŵ檹лϡ
ĽȻϲڸʵĻҲûз
ԭҲţԺ̹ݣҪΪ褰һ¡صĻ硣
ӭ֮밢褽ᷢΪޡ
ĸ˵ǹѰռҵģȥҪҪ׼Щʲô
ȻòϹأơ
ķӰ£ﻹЩڴġ
õˡ
ĽҲֱԣЩѰͺã褵ĸɱģĸЩɢţģ񲻿̫أ밢и
ɱţ
̧һ¸Լĺӣһ׼ҾǲǸǵġ
뵽µ˼¶˳
ԹĿ˶һۣ޲뵱ġ
ĽûԼʵ˼ʣ
뵱ɱࣨҰġ
ⲻˡ
ϣһͳ뵽һȥˣСԭó檵򶹸ģֻһ̯ӵ֣檺˵˵Ż̷ӡ
ԣĿŶӡ
˼ԣĸ̯ܰӻӣ̷ۡ
ԼֻҪĸĳɱģⲻְɣ
Ľװûͷת˿
ʲôģɴ˲ô죿
˼ɱȥɱࡣ
ҪŮ޸㡣
ţĽãͦãܸġ
ģҪҲȥɱġ
ƽƽܿ˰ɣ
治У߰ˣ׽飬ĸ׾Ӫ̷ӣҪȥ⣿УΪǸ׵ġ
һģһɱġ
ĽؼҲ֪ʱı顣
ԼǵˣڶôھɵĽУġ
СӣԼʱûôڿ졣
ܽԣɴۣ˦ŵ֡
ǰץĽ˵ʲôˣĸûɣ
ĽͷˣԣĸʱǧҪע⣬е˲Ҳܱţίվ̫ãȥ뻹ûʲôҪעģǧҪ˵©ݣڲ̫Ҳܴ/
֮Ľһ˼İ褣˵ʲô˵ǲ
Ҫİ褡
ҡͷˣˡ
ͽʳﶼˡ
лҪ˵Сʣүϲϳ
үϳģȻϼҵλߣҲǴ֣ϳģ׼Ǽġ
ʮѧأүλߣȻûһʵΪΣ׼λӵģԶĽ£ûôҪ
PSаѰԵܲõĸĸǡһ뿪ҶӵġһЩΪǣǺܿɰġ

 25 

Ϸڡ
ϻ˵褵Ѿº
̫̫Ϳˡ
ķ, þòųĸϵģ
ϻʵʵĳ
ûиۡ, ־ӪһСϷ, ֻһѰ˼, Һͷ˶ˣǸɿġ
ء
ϻĻû˵Ϸϵŭڶβס, ķ鱻ӵϣɢһء
껹һԵĲ豭һƣ˵ط
ϷӣҲͬ⣬ѾӦ˰ӣͻƸ褱밲
ԣϻҲһĸףǸʲôˣǲ֪, δȢ׾̣˶ٺùҲ˺üΣ޹ȥ, 뺦𣿡
Ϸ˵̬ȣϻԤ֮С
ֻû뵽Ϸ˾ȻŮӡ
ҪǰǸõģŵ, ˼ܿŮ
ĸһԣǰϻĸ
ֻһģ׹Ԩ
á
һĸףҲģֻ֪һȶ˳׵ӣһ˸һҪԸ񣬾ǲԸ⣬ŮҲļޡ
磬ĸ˵ĸҲΪ褺ã޸һϷӣʲôǰ̡
һһֱûǬ
ʱϻѱϷ˵Ĵ㳹׺ġ
ǬĻ뵽ЩŮܵί
ֱ̲סǬͷ޸Ϸûǰ̣ȥУŮ޹ȥԣҪŮҪ£ڼȥѰ˼ҡ
ҵŮˤˣ»ˣǧٰҵ飬ĸϵӡ
һģ֪۸ʵˡ
УǸǣҾָ
Ϸ䡮ߡһָô֣㵱Ǹ϶฻أլӾһҪԼǼĵģֱӹ
ǲܹģ޹ȥԼöӼŮ
ЩԼٺ»ǰ꣬ԼļױµĵأϷϡ
ϻ˽Լĸף⣬ǲ³ġ
ƾʲôҪ
ĸײ֪ô֣Լֱǣұ˵һΧǽ󷿵ԺӺͶĸ׵ĸһٿһţԺϸϸаǳа
˵겻Ϸ˷Ӧתֱӡ
¶һᣬĸõӣԼֻԥ
ԺˣŮεĵţָ֮µĽ
һΣʧ
ϻص󣬽壬һΧ
ţյԼϵǰôֻܷǲܣ
ĸҴԼ÷֡
һҾ֪ı顣
룬ǲģѹϻ⡣
ҪǾͰȥɣ滹мӣԵðۡԺʡŵ㣬ٺ»ҲˣþͲ̫ŵˡ
ϻöӵͷ̫ţ̫ţĸ
꣬ʵ㵱иӣģ
űôͷߡһ
⿪ڣүԼ׬ġ
ǡžž°ϡ
ϻߴ߳Լ׬ģж£ӻ֪˵
ϻĸ׷˳ƢӱЩ
Ҳû򣬲ŻŻ
Ͼֱ⣬Ҳ۵ġ
˵˵ԩͷӮӣһһƥٵ֮Σӣ˵үӣƿͷصġ
ϻԣмο
֪ˡ
Ҫȥ𣿡һԵ褼ɴʵ
ûӵ£ȥҲµġ
Ҫǣ֪Լ£ĸǲͬġ
Ļ׻᲻ᶯҡ
ϻŮżæŮļ簲𼱣ǵȻᣬѾˣŪһǽԺӣϱ߶̫̫ĸˣһţǷָˡ
ĸͬˣ
ĸȻͬ⣬ˣĸĵֹڽ׶ΣǹؼڣϲܴͣʱԸҲԸ⡣
һЦŵٺ٣ͨ͸һء
ϻתͷŶӣߺߣͨ͸ڶˣӵĵ

úޣΪʲôҪ˵ӵ¡
ʼնû˵ϻתͷŷ˵֣׼ã³ظǾȥؼҼһĽҶϡ
ЦŵͷүģؼǱҶˡ
ڶա
ʹҲ׼ɢȥӶƵա
ɲɣգĹһһϳʡ
Ͻѡ
ϻҲǼɴ
꣬ɲĳУϣࡣ

ӽ׷˺ڼ˿ָũӦɸ˰ǰ࣬ΪղݣֹطԱó֮͢ʣ̰֮⣬֮Ѫ
ָһôΡ
⻰ֱ˵Ŀȥˡ
ԭҲ˰ȥһˣʡһЩʵִ
ֻѡǸ⡣
˵ǲ㣬δйٹ໤ķ籨ţûˣ³ȥ鷿顣
ʱԼӦüġ
һ̣ϻҡ
ȻԼֻһСòСְλ
ƫƫǷǳùڻ
鷿
ԭΪһʱ䣬ѡѡ
ƫƫɺһ
˵ȥʣݵζϤҵطԱûݣ̽ʵ
˵ȥʣҲ˸Ϊ·ǵʱ򣬲ÿζǶӣΪʳӣҲҪĥ
ţֱߺߡ˵˵ȥǶӡ
誶ȥҪˣȥˡ
ӣ
Ҳ롣
ϻ湭ӣԼܸܲϻȥĽҶϣ
øոͬŴ˻ȥӦûԼȸϹȥ
ҲѡʵˣԼ߲
һȺ˸м鲻
ȫ˵鷿⣬һټһˡ
ÿ˵ۺһ£ܶһʵѡ
ǣϻԺԲƵɢְͱһͬŵһȥ
һεʥЩš
һ裬ǰ˸ְλϮĳӡ
ҪûǴаľλѾǵˡ
Ҫһû׿Խλᱻջء
ޣȥݵĻΪ˭ʣ
ϻ룬ֵػϣΪʡ
Ŷô˵
ְ̲֮λڸ丸ֻ֮ıʶδղӦݲз˴࣬͢ڸسǰȥݰ֪ӡ
˵꣬ϻ˲ΥĵĿһѡ
е
ʵ֮Ǹˣû󹦣ˣɾʹˡ
Ҳϻټ׵һɡ
ڳϵƺ«ʱЩĿ࿴
аͨ͸
뵽ףԼ뷨ıϡ
Ⱥľ֪ӡ
ȥǰ£ǸһĶƼĻʶȥǲ
ˣ޿ովں棬Щ񣬿ǻб£
˾ǲŷ˽ˣƺ«˵仰Ҳá
Ҹոչܽ誶ȵüˣĸһˡ
ҲͲˡ
ϻԣһ㶡
㶼ܿ
Ӳӡ
룬Ҳûʲô˵ģлŮޣ֮顣
ο˵˼ٻ۾֮
˵ʥһǰԼˡ
ػϣСŮӣĸϷӦΪ˷ˡ
࣬лŮޣ
һзѰýţŮ˫ס
˫ĸա
ҹ
һôɡ
Ҳȥ׼ң
΢Щƽˣ粻ټף޼׼ңҲˡ
лҪ˵18Ҫǧأ18ŵĸ£ʮһ㣬л֧ѽ
18ţð褺;Ƿǡ

 26 

, ĽԼĸȻŴֲȹ, ͷȴһֻµӡ
ĸ, ǲװɣ
˵㲻϶఺, һҲǲ˵ġ
ְ̧ܽȡ£
㶮ʲôǱ, Ҹ褵ļʹˣĸһμϱҪʾһµģܲľ褰ɣ̫ί
أ
Ľʵû뵽˼ԼúϲϹˡ
УĸĸˣĸףȻһˡܽؿŶ˵
ôԼڶݶ׵, ое㼤
ٽؼԺʱĸ³߲, ͷعȥ
㸸ʸϵü𣿡ܽصǵʡ
˵õ˫׶ȥͻȻһˣһؼҶϣӰ, ɾͲˡ
Ͼϲ֮£ͺĲźá
Ҹ˻ʱҪʵڸϲֻҺĸȥһ褵˫׽ġ
ܽԣͷҲֻˡ
***
鷿ڣû뵽ϻѡ׺ϡ
Ҳˡ
ɻǼöȥ
ûټôȥΪϻƼҲ൱ʡ
ֲϡ
ô˵˵ȥɻǶԼĶӲš
ۿŸϳʱˣҲܷŲܡ
ϰ䡣
ȻվĬĬţŻ˾󣬺øϽȥؼҼδؼҵϻԣæǰ
ڡ
ģλ˵˵ϻżƼȥݵĻɡ
ʵ˼ԣҪȥ
ĹٵľԴ֪û˼ǹһĺ
뵽ǸøЩĹٵɫơ
ԼȻȡרУǿʥ⡣
һʱλҲ鲻żֻҪǰλĽС
ʥǺʱ˵̧׼뿪
Ȼôʶ̧٣ôϲ̧飬һˡ
޼׼ңع⼸ĥ
ߵʱתֶڵһȺ󳼵λģʱŷʳ
˵곤һ˦ż׼ȥˡ
ϻ
Ҫһ죬һܷ
˭Ҫܷˣ
ֻ׼Ұ
Ľŵؼҵķȥ
ͣĽܽ³ĵط
ܽؼ۵ģͻȻһֲͻȻЩϰߡ
漰ʱ檺誶׼ߣһˡ
һעݣޡҺѰޣлˡ
Ǿͽз
˵ܽؾĸ첲Сֹ
̲꣬סһ˷ܵЦ⡣
ϣľǺһѰޣϧŪˡ
ĽԼĸʴģŵĳǲŸװЩɻ
ⲻϽĴš
Ÿװ
ʣôװ磿
ԣȻĳ˳ˣ׼һס
ܽĻ̲ס͵Ц
һʱ˵Ҫѡһװġ
˵һ䲶ɱʱʱҲ뿪ڣˡ
׼ҵһμ棬ɲܵͶԷ̫ࡣ
Ҳ˵ǲģ׼֪ɱġ
Ľһ۾ͿԼʵ˼룬ˣȥɣ
ʲôҲı䲻ˣǽʵ
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߽ؼԺʱͷ˵Ż
Ľǰףֵزĸ
Цſڣˣ
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Ļ̌ͷʱպϵĿײϡ
һЦ褼Լ͵緢֣æתͷ״̧Լߵͷ
ġ͡һ÷ɿ졣
ݺؼû˵ģԵ˱裬ݸܽء
һߡ
ϻϲֳֻ
ŮˣϾв㡣
תͷƣûؼϵӰʵ㸸ײڣ
ŶģһҵȥɱʱڴĸͻͰ͵ȥˣ˴˻ܵЩܻ¡
˵ģĹֱʾǸ⡣
ſ˵óġ
ԣͷ
ʳǱЩջͦģ׼ô¶ȷ£ȥڵ
Ҳ˵׼ҲΪʵ
˵˭ûѲ֮£ҪԼȺľԴ鷿ԼҲû
һߵĽ壬ʳ⻰ʱĶɤˣӵĻشȥŷġ
תͷܽġ
ܽؿվڽԵ褣̲סһЦ⡣
褣ơֳ̧֡
ЩţֽקȹߣǾĸס
ǰܽȵס֣ϸơ
ĵǱ£誶ʮ䡣
ҲǼ˵ģڿ褵ĵһʱǱ޵ˡ
褣Ǹļ񣬲أɱ˵ȡͷϵŵ
⣬Ľĸʹá
ĸһͷֵǮЩģա
°ɣĽҲĸ⡣һڡ
ɵӣǻ֪ĽҲĸҲǽնĹأ±ͬ޹ȥ
ҲԢ׺ϱլ֡
ٿڣֱܽӽӸھͷ䡣
褴ţÿ
һ˵ֺ
֪ܽСƤӱ㲻ٶ
ֹɵ˻ĸߡ
ոȥؼҸתתţĽҲֻܸȥ
ֻʣĸŮܽء
˵Ķ˵ˣʵҲˣһʱ佪ܽû˻˵
ܽͻȻԼǰҹŮ˽ķʱиСŮ˵Ѱռ¶ӣȡ
˵ǺӻٲȽϺ
ϼĸףʲô
Цһ£Լĸ˽Ѱ˼ȡķףȻɾ¶ˡ
й
Ҳûѿڶĸ˵ģôôоͶˡ
ܽԡǺǡεĳĬ
һڹһڸ϶ǵӵˣҪ׻Ҳ˵ˡ
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ϾҲδŮһˣ˽һ׼ûġ
ܽضһ£һֱ誶ͽݣ׼ұһͷ
誶ɲܱؼҸȻ֪ˣСˡ
ţȡġ
ţɱȹˣعԼҪ߻ϣ˸ˣԺɱˡ
ҳƽˣҲԺͺĹӣá
ԣЦŵţãţãţи
Ȼһž
κ󣬽Ŭһ˵һ֬ӣϸʱϷС㶼ɫ֬ͿڴϿɵǺÿ
ܽһʱ£ɫĵɴȹźÿǴЩɫ촽һ㣬Ǻɫ
ɫȹ촽ҲǺÿġӵ
ԶԣУɫĸȹǧóɫ

˵ۣ֬һһ˵ȫͣ
ѽյҪ֮£һɶ
Ľʱı⸱
λĸ˵úŨԵһ԰ΣЩ˯
գԴǳģȾ˺
Ŷкӣֲҽдơ
ûŻˡ
Ľߵԣк
Ӧһתͷܽ²̸֬ɫĸĸá
ĽվǰߴӰϸ˸ʵ
ܽغͽȫ褡
ȻĽָ͵͵̯ơ
Űװֵ̾ġ
褼״˾һЦĽ۵С֡
õֺ͵͵һŷ
ĽתͷͿСü䣬ǣ͵͵ɵЦ
̷ССӡ


 27 

ع, ܽؾͺ˵֮¡
, οһ, й, Ҹؼĸף誶ţţɱȹ, ô檴ϲ
ԣͷĿܽһۡ
ܽɻ󿪿ڣϣ˵ʲô𣿡
ˣǼţġ
˼רģɵŮˣʲôţд󻢣ǲû취ˡ
ͬʱϼҴԺڡ
һһ
򱻻Ϲڹûм׼ҵϻ, ҲѯԼ˹׼ҵ¡
ȥˣоĽҶΣ
꣬룺Ľĸס˲, ҲͦϲǼģȽͣĽҸףӴ, Ҳ֪࣬ҿеס
ϻ˷˵ĻһŹǷŵתͷڣһжף֮´μˣȥ
˵ָ꣬һŹǡ
ϻžɳŷ褣Ůϸ׸оԼһĶҪˡ
ּҴĺϻΡ
񣬿ʱľֻһˡ
Ϊ˷ּҺ褵£ϻϷ˼ǳֽˡ
೯иأŮӳޣҪ곤ĳ֮ǰ
褼޸Ľ׮ףһ㲻Ϸ⡣
һϷϼʲôѵʱϷˣ
Ϸ˿ȱݣϼմ׶ǣûϼҡ
˵ӣܵģԼȥ񣬸ᷢӣ˶֪ϼŮǸϷ֮
ԣ͵͵ĨĨ۽ǡ
ȻĽҶʲôãҲԲμӿƿһӶǸСӻͷ
ɵŵڻ̫ЩҪʵڲѣҲ᲻ȥ˼ҡ
֮ǰӵóԶٿడ
˸׵ĻĿӣûϵģﻹи磬Ůþ͹ˣ˵лزأ
˵ﻹһĳƣֿڣ˵ҲǸϳޣȻʱɲ֪ҵݡ
㻹߰ʮպɾҪˡü
Ұѳ׵ѡʮպ
Ľĸ˵ˣǴ˻׼ðһСլӣҵӳ׺ǻøϻȥ
ܽظǿƿڼĽҸ׻ûȥڿΣ֬Ҳһֱš
ţȻˣ޶˾͸̹
֮ûֱӸĽҶϣԼļҵʵݣѻŮ
Լ׿ڸ߰
Ⱦƿ֮ٸĸײͬ⣬ʮֲ㡣
֪ŮĪĸȻ֪롣
ʱ򣬵Ȱ˾٣ٸ̫󣬶ҲЩ
˵˵ȥŮһͷݽȥˡ
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Ļ䣬褻شϻͼӣңҪǸ۸ҵ񣬿ôʰ
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ԣŮļ磬̾Ϣһ
ǰˣ˵ЩҲá
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ʲôĽݸԼĺӣ褺濪ڡ
򿪿
褴һӳһɫϲǽУýɫ˿һɻ
Ԣúϡ
褿ϲ۽ǵüҶڸǲסϲ
ſۿͺˣϲԼϲ޸ӡ
еĲڴ˼˵Ǻܳģ֪óѾѵˡ
Ͼġ
궼Ҫ̧ˮ˼ңóУѾܸģõĸԼ
ĽۿʱЩˣæʵôˣ
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˭ֺ۶ԽԽԼˡ
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褲õģǰĻģСȻҪõļ£Ҷί˰褣Ժһ褡
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Ľǳ˳飬ת̳ȥ·
硣
ָĽŷʲô磬ôҡ
ĽЦЦǰ褵ĸ磬ҺͰϾͳˣ粻ţ硣
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ĽţҲĽй
ż䣬뻹òС
ˣ磬ֱӽй
Լǰ̣ŵĿڽ棺ѾͷԺɲ۸Ҽ񡣡
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ȻƵǼӿҲûһۣԼȥؼ֮£ԭҲֲġ
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ĴΪع￼ǡ
ÿһ£ῼǵع洦Ҫǿǰعټι졣
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ǰǾöӶ鰮֮⣬ԲŶĻĽƫ
ټι£ԶӴ̫
֪Լһĵ۰ˣһֱԼŮ⣬Ҳѹꡣ
ңʱţҲǸǰƽƽѾͷ
ԲŽǷ¶ţˡ
ڲͬԸȢΪޣͻҲͬˣԼһʲôʸģ
ǺعҲȷʵĻͶͦġ
޹ټι׻ɩԼӦҪúչ˸磬ȻҲͻһһԴع
ۿ죬Ϊû˯á
ȻôǶİ֣̻ӣҧݻص
һǱԼ˼߳ŭˣ
Ϊʲôû˯ãǲǵ÷Ҹ㣬ҪǸҹҾͰǵ¥ȥ·˹ͣҪƤ
˵ĽڳһСǸСط
˵Сط˵С߶ʮһȰСѾͷƬŻס˵
ֱ̼ǰƤˣ˵һμ棬ǲԼʶʲôвҪ
ָò˵һ·Ļ㡭֪֪ҼҰ˭͸ҿڳԡ
Ϊ⣺ү˭ֻҪ۸ãһɴϹȣҲһҪԵ˼ͽ
Ȼ˵Ҫ϶ӵĹȡ
ţģ˵˭أ
ߺʾصϷģү˵أ
ⳳòɿ
ڣĽóһʳС
򿪣龫µĸ㡣
һ򿪣𻨶еƮ˳״죬ԲԲĺ춹⣬εĹŴ׸⣬ɫ̶滹кɫʻu
褼ֱˣһĸ㣬ȥʳ
·ܸоڻŴ
Ϲ𻨵㣬壬ʮˬڡ
͵͵ʿˮﲻϸԼҪ֡
绹أ
ĽСѾͷĺ˶òУƴģǿɰòС
̧һŴ׹ţݸ褣һЦ⣺԰ɣ
褽ӹҧһڣ񾰸Ĵ
ͻȻ뵽ڷʱǹĴģе
ó𣿡Ľ֪ΪΣÿԼ褳ԶƽЦһЦҲõǡ
褵ͷЦü䡣
óԣ´ٸ褴
ãܹɣǻǲҪ˷ˡ
Ȼĺܺóԡ
ǾҪԿõȥ򣬷þΪԼһӡ
󣬲ûӵġ
Ϊȥŷõġ
ûգգۣĽСһµģ
ﷺһ˿
ĸģ԰ϲʱԳԡ
£ԽԽδĸˣ⣬ôµĸ㡣
ҪǣĶӶڣÿ
ǾһЩˣ褷ʡ
Ľһ£ͷ
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ĽСһ˫ܾĻôҲ˵ڡ
ֻõͷ
óԼĽĽס˫ۡ
óһĺ춹ŵĽߣĽһڣ̶⡣
ǺǺǣ˴ˣ磬Ǻ춹ġ
´̲סɵЦ
ֺǺǵġ
ĽЦһΣҲ΢΢
춹̶βֻ붺褶ЦЦ

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Сѹ²ʲôʲô㣬ŵ˫ۣһ
ǰǼıǼ⣬Ĵһʫľ룬о˾ĺ
һ´ϣģȵġ
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ţ褹ʹĽԼĴһĽıϣֻɿĵһ£Ѹվֱӡ
һͨͨһ±һ¿졣
ַԼؿϣڴںܵģһĽ
˫շ̵оԼ촭תȹܳӡ
Ȼ˾磬ŵʱ
֪ûС
ԶĽŲֱҲ졣
ĽȡϵĽ
ոһ϶еŮ㴫ıǼ䣬ĽоԼ񱻶סˡ
µҪûժ½һ˿ڴ
װʲô֪ڴһĶ
ԼĴʱĽԼǰзߣ۵Ĵһ㣬һ˲߽ɾ
ðܵÿ죬Щͻ֣ᷢԼĶã̵
ĽͻȻЩңҩԺӵԼԵˣ۸˰褡
褸ô죿
ĸʹȢ褽Ϊ˼֮
ĽĻشǣѵ⻹
ĸ˵ˣԵҲί
Ľ룬һڻؾ
ΪΣֻİ褣ǸùòܣҲһ檡
ܰ벻Ҳκ˹Լ
ǸɵССǻųģԼһҪϧ
ĽʳСѾͷҧһڣûüŴ׹š
ԲԲӣҧһСȱڡ
ǸСȱڣ滹ССıӡ
ĽʹҧһڵĹţ˳Ǹȱڣҧһڡ
㣬塣
ʲôʱĸôɿˣ
漴һģһڡ
ţе塣
ֻиոհ褳ԹǿɿЩ漴ʣµİȫ
߽ţͻȻһȥϼʱײޱӵģһνձдʱӡ
ţǰİ褣ԲԲģװ׵ģԼӡ
лҪ˵û뵽дǧ֡

 28 

褵ļ, ڳǰհġ
ԭϸ׼Ҫȹ, ٰ졣
Ϸ˵ʱŵ͢˾, 褼޸ӡ
褵κɫ, »Ӷǳڷ֮¡
ʱԷ紵һϼұ˵ĺôɵãҡ·ߡ
Ϊԭ褵ļ, Ϸ׼¡Щġ
ϵŮݣϾҪ㰲档
ռϣȴûһˡ
ԭóϷˣȻҲû
ϻͽϷ
һɫ£磬ϣ߳ףʡ
ּ̲ɷˣҲǽĸҸı㡣
մףźƤţΪŮּ
ŮӼǣּԽ, ԢŮӴҲƽ̹˳Щ
λףǼ޸ʱ, ҲǸСţƾٸУٳϲ˽յĸ
ϣҲ, ٳԵࡣ
ɷڶϴֺ󣬱ǳ
򶫣ţػͷվԡ
ɷߵǰףǣ¼գʼԪɣ˳ɵ£ٿΩ
ϣɷ˸Ϊᷢǡ
Ǻȹϵĸĸףӯӯһݣ
Ըĸ֮֮࣬
Ȼص᷿һ뷢ɫ֯ȹ
ɷپ֡ͷϵķȡ£ػŵ̽ٻΣ褶ׯķ֮С
ָףǣǣ£ü꣬ٺ
ϣٴλص᷿ȹصã
ΪݣʾԳ𾴡
ɷ˵ξ֣ȡͷϵķΣΪǶ뱦ʯιڣͷڣ̼֮Ӷֵܾڣ֮졣
ػϾƣɷ˽ӹݸ褣մմ촽ɷٽӻأ򱱱ߣƵڵϡ
֮
˫׽н̻壬褹ǰרŸĸѵԡ
ϻһ仰º󣬿ͤͤǰŮһʱٸн
ʶǸϲԼϵСѾͷĳˡ
ϻ䣬ߵлѵ䲻ҲֳУ
ɡ
ڱͲ࣬ɷ⣬ֻмλĸҵıס
ףһδ
ʱһǽ֮ϸｻ
Ҳǧļ
ԭǰǧ͵˼ǵͣʱδ䣬ϼҲûŰ졣
װվϷ˽ʹֱӽ褵£˽гϢĶ
ֱǧ褡
Ϸҹζ࣬׼̰˼񣬾ǧ޹ȥʱμүȥˡ
ײòТһꡣ
Ϸ˱ǧǵ¸ˡ
Тֻǰûἰӭǧ֮¡
ǰգ³գͻȻţȻҲû˵ҪȢǧֻĴһ뿪ˡ
ϷǸõģ֪ˡ
Ϊ˹ǧԺס
ԽǵòԽý
ǧϾӶϷ˿ɲδȢǰ뿴Ϳ
׻ţϷ˾ãǧġ
ϼŮɫϷ˻Ǻаյġ
ǧȻòϱ褲һЩȡˣТһ꣬ϷҲûš
˺ЩʻĻǧ
ԭϷ˸Ҳ͹ΣֻǶˡ
ϻֱŭڵĳԺһա
ŵ褼Ǻٺúỵ́ű׼ĺȻǵúúá
뵽ͷӻԼ˺ƤôһӼ޸һϷӡ
Ϊˣ֪аո褾м
Ϸǧļͬһ죬ΪľҪаɫơ
һ͸ǽڣаá
֮£褵ļԵԽ壬į
ɷŸڴĻ̸ף
תͷ褵֣ŽòüۺƣԺǸиģȸǸģĪ̫˻
ĸĸ׵ģŮԴƽ׵ίۣ
ϼ̫̫ǺͿֱ⡣
ֻɷ˲ףϷֱ⣬Ҳֱ
˭ϼҷ⣬棬˭ǿͷ⡣
ý㣬֪ģջǵлл𵽸ϣּҡһͷġ
һʱ䣬ٸнһǸиŮĳģ뵽վҪˣӴΪ/ޣýΪĸ
ֲᣬŮǸԼСѾͷ
ŸϲĻЦζ
ŮΪͬļر
̫̫ԼԸˣǧİͬһ죬ϵ˶߶Ա֮£ȻǻԶͷĶЩ
褻صԼͭͷιڵԼһʱ
ٹգͿԼ޸Լϲˡ
ͻȻ뵽ǰգԼ׾ĳ
ߵסԼ۾ˡ
ô죬絽֪֪Լ
ϸϣָ¶ϸ죬͸϶͵͵Լۡ
촽𣬵Լ褣㲻֪ߡ
ʲôǲǱԼòԵˣҾã˱ĳûУǳ̫ÿ
ݺ󣬼̲סŪų
磬㲻ǰͣܵʲô
ȻҲûˡ
ǼҵĴҡԱһĶŵϿڵ
ºֵոʲô
ûûʲôˣ˵Ҫһ˱۸ˣȻ۸˵Ǹֺܺڣ´۸˵Ǹôñ۸ĲҪ
ûоͬ۸ɣ
ǰ߹ײ磨͢˸ѾߵԸ˼ҡ
˵Ǹ۸˼ңˣå
ԣԼҲ۸˾磬ˣåˣ
뵽ԣ褻漴ֻȡ
úͿģǲС۸˱
򵥣ֻҪг⣬Ƥ񣬲±˲ԭ¡
ѣҲǸˣֱ۸һȥͳƽˡ
ԣŵɴ۾
á۸
ҪǲԸ۸ǲǾͱʾûԭң
ɵĵͷȻ˵Ҫǲ۸ǿ㣬û취ˣ⣬ҪҪ۸ĳ⡣
˵תͷơ㵽۸˭
æ֣ǡңǻ㣬ǻʵġ
ػǸľͷ۸ˣ
磬㲻˵㣬˺ܺõġԣ褲ˡ
ػϸģȷʵľɡ
ÿκԼ˵ʱʱ͡
˻˼ػ
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Ŵ졣
ʮ£̫̫˰ɣ
Լһ£ܲˣҪʮ£
뵽´ټ棬Ƕҹʱƫͷ
ʮΪѵĿʵ磬²𣿡
ҡͷУУһ¶УȻ˼Ҳԭµġ                        
лҪ˵
Ľ磬ָл͵ĸӹٽ
û뵽ɣǰˣߡ
һҪǻüټһ졣
ע褼񣬲οٶĿ⣬Ŵ̡

 29 

˸Ļ, ʮΪѵ, , ʮ¾ʮ¡
˭Լ˴أ
, 񣬿ϸʲô
˵ŰһɫСӷŵ褻Ӻܳ, 褲ûס
ļ񡣡
ʲôôأ褱˵ɻĴ򿪺ӡ
۵һӣƱһЩͭǮ
һһġ
褿ţͷþò
Ϊøжˣ뿪ڰοһ¡
Ŀڣ磬СʱǲǱ͵ˣȻһܴôࣿ
˵ͷµôǲ
ʱ绹˵Ǳˡ
һ㣬褾ͽ, ѺԺֻڹ
õĻϻ
ΪʲôԼԤȫһ
⡭粻ȥǳԶˣСֹ˵ҵķ, һˣȥ
װĺӣôһ㲻ᣬô, ԭ׼һӵġ
һ䣬ļ䡭
־ڳãĿ־ƱҪư̽磬һ
ֻڻû֮жԼ׼һʱǮͱţ˳ˡ
ԣţ˭ô
ողҲ˵ֲ翴Լ褲Ź˵
ڻºӣ§ס첲ͷϣ˲䡣
лл磬ǰ״ΪҵǺ«͵͵Ѳˮ㴲ϣߵ˯ʱ磨򴲣ˡ
õļ磺û£粻㡣
ʵ֪ǲˮСѾͷù
ߣСʱСˣԼֻҪĳʳܻ취
ԼǸȣ£ƽϵĺø硣
ЩС£Ȼüƽϵġ
˸ĻһжУǳ棬ȥ裬ʵʵ˼ҺʣĲҶ·װЩˮȻˣأԲ硣
ʱʮ󣬼˶ô˵
ϻһȲΪŮǸСư͡
Ϊö˵ȥԼڲԶ
ǣÿʱԼ͵͵Զţʲôʱ͵͵װ˵ˮˮԼȣȫ֪
˵ʲôֲܹ㣬Ͼûֱҩϸ磬Ҷˡ
̧ͷô֪¹ҩ
ԣֱˡ
״ûϵԼҲã·߿ˮݱ˺ȹĲҶȣҲˣϾ
ѾͷȻĸԼ¹ˡ
ѹԼԴ⣬ӽ̵ĶȫǲסĲԹ
пܱԼöɵˡ
磬кҩѣҵʱȫûӦ˭ʱ۸ң֪ҵģ֪ˡ
кҩػȥģʱ褻ʮ꣬һֻСӣһӲˣ
ұԺӣ״˵Ӷôʣȥˡ
褵ʱͼˣݺø̫֣ҪѵѵػԼкҩ
ڶʱڵĸ絹һ衣
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ȻԼϺڲŵĶϣɻĳڲֻӡ
Ըûгԣ
˲ˮ
ʱȻʱ۸ԼĴҲ٣ЩӺһ㡣
ΣȻĺÿŴŴĺԼ˵仰ôҲ
ˣ񣬸º˵
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£һĿڣ֪֪ԭţлԼģ
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褵ġ⡯һ¡
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˵ڴ峤ģĴ帻ζȢԼá
ʵԼǺ˵׼ҲǸһйԼ
˭֪ǸϷģʾȻ˵ҼҰ͸ӵŴ仨ҲйԼҲûҪģҰϲŴ仨ġ
˵˻
磬ҪлԼ¸̣һһ߾ô죿
֪֪̹ݺ󣬷ֻйԼ֪Һ͵ڣʲô˵ֻǸģ򲻹ǵ죿Ŵ仨ǸʲôɣúĽġ
Ŵ仨ʲôŴ仨ϻͽ߽
δӰϻŭɽҵ
ݺϻһۣڣ
Ÿɱڵ̲ס
ҲָŶӵԴ𱸵֪Ϲ˵üˣҲҪġ
˵꣬ϻһ¶ӣȥ鷿
˵꣬ץ˷š
תŮ񣬱˵Ĵޣ²ҪţҪʵھ֪׺Ѱӣúʰദ֮ҪһлҪú˵֪𣿡
Ȼеģĸ׵Ļǹɵĵͷ
ˣЩ㡭һն࿴˵ŽúڲŵĻӵݸŮ
褺棬׼򿪿ʲôҪôء
̧֣㰴ס󣬼ȱ𿴣һʱ
νʵǣһЩŮ뷿֮µ鱾Ůֵ֮ͼᡣ
೯Ůǰĸ׶俴ͼ鱾еĴ˼һǶ뷿֮¡
޵ңΪźˣʧ˳谮
ĸ׵Ļӷһԣûв𿪡
Ҳû˼ʲôһĶŴ仨˭
Ϊʲôϲ
褾һҪҸᣬһŴ仨
***
³ˣȢ
һͬѡա
ؼƾɵũСԺⶼõϲŴϲ֣ϹŴĺ컨
ݶԣһͿʼæµ׼ϲĲʳ
ųģ˵ӣС㣬ҲŮ
ǰԵһδ޷÷ʢһЩұ±ǡ
Լǰĸ׸ģΪ褵¶ºնţҪΪ褹һδ޷
ػڣϺױֵϲｫīɫļڼ
ϲʮ
褰ϸļۻһ˫ۣ˿°͹˹Ǹǹ˻ǡ
ŴɫϲʲôҲûѾ롭
̾ɵǺø
ϲױʮأһ˫֣ϲȦǡ
ң״Թͷնһۡ
ֳ֮޵Ĺʤ
ŹŮλһƽգҲȻҲɫ˵Ůӡ
ֻǶûǰλþޡ
һᵽͷصͷ
ᵽϲüҡ
ᵽβ޾ٰü
дʵ˵ż黰һŷ١
ù׼δ޷»˴ױֱͷ£ؼҲˣˣӭ׵Ķˡ
褵ĶȻÿ
ɽݺȻŵקԼĺɫ
ͷϸŸͷ˿ı顣
褣ˡ
Ľݺһϲźͷˣº͡
ޣҪЯһˡ
ܰ벻Ҫ԰褼õġ
֪ԼͰ˼֮׺󣬱ȢֻΪ˲ֻΪǸù
ֻΪǰ褡
ԺĽףʵΪ֪ˡ
Լʱ
˵ţĽѺݵϣš
˸ͷ褿ǰ·̤ſʱĽǰиСġ
һ̧̽ţſ
קźؼҵԺϤҪһһСˤˣھǰܶˣ
Ľ£߱á
ԣһůࡣ
һ·ãݱ˸ĸ
ֳţ׼ϻʱ̲סĨᣬŽг񡣡
ſϣͷĸڻԼĸסˡ
źͷġ񡯣֪ĸ׿ˡ
Ůͷǰ첽ǰץסֹ֣ͷĶ
úõģһҪͰúõģͷĹŮǧͷ
ԣϲ֮գӭ·򲻿ɻͷ
ؼڣȢ֮ڣΪ޷ˡ
ϣһ޻ڣ޵ˣϲ˳졣
˵꣬ſŮ֣תͷϽʱϸЩ
ȻԼת־ס죬Լ޳Ů޵òģֻǼ̲ס΢΢
ѵһĵͷģ֪ġ
ֻϻһޱ顣
ȻҲǲᣬòүһ֮һᡣ
ﲻԼοԼ
û£Ů޵òԶʱԻظ
û£ŮȻǸ⵰üĿٷ磬ģģͦÿ
ϻͽֹڴǰŮ˻Ρ
Ԣ⣬˺⣬ټʱ
ŮΪͣ˫Ϊ
ϲｫһմʢˮݵϻǰүˮɣ
޳ȥŮóȥˮ
ˮҪˤ飬š
Ԣ⣬˾Īͷͬû·
Ȼӭ׵Ĺү̧εΡ
ϻӹϲ룬ָĿסԵþõĲԸˮó
Ľ֪ȻֻǸֵɱЩӴԼ̬Ǽ۰褵ġ
Ϊֻĵţ˿ûаֲ͡
үðɣϲżڴߴ١
δţһ˫µѣͣǰĻΡ
ŵģļϵ˰
׹ʱĵ顣
島˳ӣֻڣүðɣٵȥһǸϲ϶õļʱ
ϻ̧ŵˮ˶һôҪˡ
η򶼶׺ȣֻˮóأ̧ȥҰá
ϣϻ̧֣ۿˮ͵Լߡ˹ˡˮȫ
ȵúܼܿ죬Ǻ˺Ҳûͣ£Լһͣ£˶ˮóȥ
Ȼġ
תͷŷ˿ڣȥɣţء
ϺֻܵǷ
˵꣬Թת˫룬󲽻صؼݡ
ҵŮǼ޳ȥŮóȥˮұˮ븹У˭Ҳܰó
ҵŮˤ룬ľϣұҪģĺǻ
ҵŮֻҪԶ·
ʼգƽ˺ۿޱ顣
ûԼķһ㲻棬ûԼĶһ㣬һСߵü
ˮʱûκʧ̬ĵط
˭Ҳ֪ѹ˲֮ˣصԼŮδʱĹ뷿ޡ
űͣĽǰ
Ժܽðģų׺СסҪԼƶ˼ҵ
ԣССԺֻݣ޷ӡ
褱ϲŲ˻Σ裬㵽ݡ
ԭûаŹˣĽŰ̫壬ί˰褡
ǰԼȫĸӸȫټˡ
˼ˣһݡ
Ϸŵģǵܽء
ˣκʥڣ̫
λöݣҪȢŮӶ˺棬һſڵķԴ
ֱɫӰſڣϲ־Բӣݡ
źͷò⿴קźְܷܷѩݵģ֪λòŮӡ
һء
źŴŵķһݡ
ݸá
źתλϵ˫ӯӯһݡ
޶԰ݡ
޶԰֮ʱĽúܵͣ褰ϰӡ
һס˺Ÿͷλֶ˼ֺ뾴塣
೯ȨȢޣ޶԰ݣ˰ͬһ߶ȣǸŮ档
׸һʼҳɻ飬԰֮ʱֻŮж԰֮
ǸߣҲֻ΢΢ס
㣬޶԰֮ʱֱӱ˰Ļʼ֮ˡ
ͷһˡ
Ȼͷ֮µ褣һк֪
𾪵ģǹˡ
ɣ붴
˶Ȳĸں档
Ǽȥֶֻȥͷ¶Ǻηɡ
б
ֶӵĶֲ̫̹ˡ
˭֪Ľѹûǽ붴ĻᣬݺתŹˡ
ûз˨
֪Ҳȥơ
ӿġסһֻתȥǰԺ
ڣĽͷ褵ǰ˲䳨ˡ
ǰͬŴϲĸߴüĿʣۺЦĽ
̲סõЦˡ
磬ڼ޸ˡԭΪʱټ磬Լǻ὿ߵ
룬ͷ£ǰԼϲ꣬ǫǫɣѿڶôһ仰
褵òĽ֪
֪ż£ʩһǼ
ͷµһ̣ĽǱŴݰףĶˡ
Ľתȥ˺Ƶļ϶͵͵˶ᡣ
ɫˡ
ȻʱҲŰЩ˼
˶˺ơ
̧ͷ磬㲻óȥд𣿡
ܸոոŸͷ褻ǰԺͻͦġ
ҸĸھͺãŰ褡Ľ˵ţͷϵϲժ¡
褵öۡ
ûϵģȥǺȺȾưɣҵ㡣
ĽǼ⣬룺Ϊ̫δƣԲȾƵġ
һҲԣϾ궼Ҫ̧ˮ˼ҡ
һĬ
ĽŵòУϾǶҹ
Ͱ褡
褿ĽЩ޴ŵ񣬳ο磬ţǶͬ齶߹ˣֲǵһΣ˯ˣʲôҲ֪ˡ
Ȼǡ
ϴΣȫûио
ңǶҹӽ߽ôô̹Ȼ
Ľûʱ褽Ļûȡ
磬ǰ¾¥㣬֪İɣ̹̹ʵ
˵Ҫг⣬ԼҪ̹ȻЩþ֪Ǹҵĺù
ԣĽݡһ£ͺˡ
ҪôֱӣѣԼҪôش˵֪ܵģֲˡ
οСѾͷҧһĴ
˵֪褻᲻᲻˼
褼Ľ˵Ϊ类Լ۸ˣί
̧ץסĽĸ첲ֱ۾ûµľ磬׻ͺˡ
褣վ˰ɣ㻹С
ǲƲңҺгģһ£㻹ʮ£òá
ĽŮӾɫգۺһһϵĺ촽죬ȫǾ
ʮ£
ƲסԼġ
ǲǾҲã˵ţۿ˺ˡ
ĽˣȻһ£
ҪǾòãҾ͸ġ
£¡
ǣûг⣬ǲǲԭң
ĽЭ£㻳УǵÿЩ
ҪԼԭʲôĽȫף
ԣͷǺðɣ£Ժҵ
Ľǰ鷢ģԶ褵
һĽʱԼǸʲôɵX
ԣһж
أľȻõˡ
˵ˣʮ£һ¶С
ǣĽۣϵ褵Ķͷ
ȻǼ⣬󵽴ʱ//
һʱ
һƿСǳĿڣ磬ˣպ£ף۸ˣȻֵҪ
Ľ
ˣˣУÿƣơ
ϲںůʣڴ齱ϣһ˿˿Ρ
˯ɣе硣
˯ɣֲ
ˣ磬һ£ǰҵĻӣһûüòã
ϲˡ
ҹӣ
Ľһ£ĵˣˣ褿ľͺá
ǵͷ
ó½ĻӣݸĽ
滹úڲŵģǰŴ仨£û𿪡
ĽĵͿڲӳļ֡
ʱɵˡ
뷿֮£Ը⣬Ҳ
ң澹Ȼвͼ
лҪ˵ǣĻԼ׼ҵĶǶ¡
Ǳϱõţȥ׼ǰװBĳа
Уո7ǧ˧˧ҡ

 30 

ҹ, ԭһЩлŮĻ, ǺܺϺġ
ֻĽ뵽褻ź, ҿС, ѹ֪ʲôӡ
ͷܵĻֻԼ
Ŷȭڴ, һúڲ°ã褣Щˣʱɺã
ھҪȺҶ𣿡תͷĽ
ǰǶҹԼһҪþ翪ģ޲Ż
ҹԼҪôŻῪġ
˵, Щɵȥ
һϼƣԭ齾Ƕҹ, Լ㡣
ҪþϲԼܶܶࡣ
ΪȣĽ豭ȱ裬褵Ļ, ǰŻʼҷĹһׯĶӣҲʵûס
һڲ˳
褣ôżѾɻˣշշ
һˣ»ϲôأ
磬ǲϲ褣Ȣҵģֻ˵һвŲòȢҡ
Խ˵Խί˼ޡ
褣˵УȻ
ȻǲܶģĽͼСｲ˼롣
褲ʣкͶʲôϵ
˵ӵģ褾Ϳ쵱ˣԺҪᱣԼĺӣҲᱣ褺ͺӣǵáýһЩ
ԣһ˫۵Ľ˵˵ȥ˼ǲԸҶ
褣̫󣬲źӣҸ㣬ţ𣿡
ҡҡͷһ˫ֱĿĽҲûˣ磬ұ֤ģҷġ
˵ֻ˫ģľٹͷ
ԣĽֱˡ
̵˼Լһ˶
ǻʲô˼
ӣĽֲپܾ
ԭǵĶ͸ǣůʣеġ
Լί˰褣δС
ĽЭðɣ㣬ֻһΣ֪𣿰褹ԣΪ˺ӣһ̣Ժ󾰸粹òã
褵ͷ۽üҶβסЦ⣬Ŀڣһξ͹ˣһξˣѵ绹ڶΣҲеģ磬һȥžأ
һξ
ĽٴαСѾͷĻŵһ亹
Ҳûʲô飬ΪѧʱЩȻǰԹĳӵķʽ
ʵԼڲһꡣ
ڷǴΣҲǵһΡ
ԭڵڶգʾʹ˼λƳڵĹŮͨŮ֮¡
Ľ˻ȥ
ϴǶãΪҩǵãûʲô࣬ڶҲӵġ
Ľ룬ԼҲûá
¡Ҫðʧˡ
˵еˣҲôõġ
Ҫô˵
ˣС˵ֵģԼһεû⣬ҲС
磬Щ˵һֵǧ𣿿ɲ˷ˡ
Ľ
ΪʲôԼôжҪŶ
УԼҲһЩȻһŮӶΪ顣
ǣţĻ̌ϲŦ۴
ΪǱźˣһź˿£Լķޣ뵽һҪ£Ľӽš
˰ΣҲû⿪һ¿ۡ
Ķʵ磬Ǹʲô
£褲Ҫ𣿲ô
Ľһ߻褵ĻϵĶڼ
ﲻ̾Ů˵·̫ˣ¿۶ô鷳
Ļص磬ԼѰɣŪԼıá
Ľһα褵ĻǶ
Լ˵ô̹Ȼ
ѵŮӳ׺ôŵÿ
Ȼ̧Ͽɿ¡
Ľ֪ϲ¿ԭǼٵģǸʽԼæôá
ĽתͷķоԼոɵӡ
׼䷨Ѳסݵ׶Ѳס֮Ҹһ˹˧ƽ֮
ǽȻ˰褵һϡ
±㽫ϲ£ֻһ׺ɫ£ȻĽһԷ
ѵԼ·Ҳѣ
ˣôϲҲǵһΣΪġ
 磬ҪҰɣ˵űҪ̧ȥ¡
̣ԼжôһŮǣűӶ
ҪռȥԺڷԼһ˵ҲûУ
Уϣô谢褶Уغϵ£УС
褣ԼԼͺá˵Ľץס褵ֹ֣Ķ
ָһ˲䣬褿ŵıĽץŵ֣һӾͺˣ۷۵ĺһֱӵ
Ľ״һʱЩͷԡ
ոСﻹ̹̹˵Ҫôֻһ־ͽ߳
һǰԼȰѺˣȻһỹָСôأ
ûϵϲﾰ硣
褺ִĽղŵĶſڣ˵ǶǷˣͲҪô黳ˡ
ĽǰŮɫ棬˿ûо֮У㲻ֹĶȥˡ
һЭˡ
еһֻèצӣ㣬¿۵ġ
Ľģ̲סһ͵͵ǡ
һᶼҪԼһ˶Լ԰һ֡
Ҳڴʼ䣬÷ǣűˡ
ȥº˶ͬĺɫ£齣˯ߡ
Ľ˺򣬻صϡ
ڷҹһĽȻûһ
ۣ͵͵Цˡ
Ժÿܺ;һӵߣá
ĽСôȲţԼҲðһ
̽褵ӡ
ԭûֱָûͣ˼
̧ͷɻſڣ磬
ŮеһıǼ⣬Ľɤӳ褲˵붴
ǣͶ㶯ֶŵʲô
ǰʹĸףҹԼҪʲôĸ˵ڷҹһͬ顣
룬⻹򵥣ֱӱ˯ο绳ůأ
Ȼĸ׻࿴Ǹӣ
褲ΪȻҪˣ˼ӡ
οŴ仨˭ûŪ
ĽȻҪԼ
磬ǾֻòãһˣҿɲһҺ˵ţһϮ˸Ƿ
ĽŻСŮӣĵһͷĶͷ˾˯
ھ绳褵˯ر죬ӦţǾͱ߶˯òãҲҶġ
Խ˵ԽͣһᣬĽŶĤĻ𾪵ûʱŮӾȵĺ
Ľ״ͷ̧֣˹λ˶СɵıǼ⡣
̲סȻʧЦڿҪͷֻԼĥߡ
˯Ũˡ
ǣĽȴǾþò˯
һҹĽǾ䡮ģҲˡ
ԼֱۣһҲû
ĽҲҶ
ţͰһ˯ܺãС˯ʵ
ˣ飬Ҳ顣
Ϊ˯̤ʵЩĽҲһ㲻Ҷ
ɵӣһûҶ
ڶգʱĽձ˯̤ʵ
һ㣬˳ĽĶͷǼ⡣
ÿ
İˡ
ϴٻĽһȥž衣
Ȼ˲˼һĻ
ǣŴС
ߣ磬ѣߡƴҡĽ
Ľ˯һʱǰ褻ڻߣ褱££ڡ
һһָֻĽġ
Ǹ𣿾죬ץ
Ľͷ褿νߣ졣
ôץԼ


 31 

ĽСϰ, ǲߡ
褷ǲš
Ҫץ, Ȼߡ
ôһ߲ڿ, Σա
һ, ˽ֲ£褿˵ȻȥøľŪ, £һᱣġ
𡭡𣬰褣Ĳߡ
ܣ϶ߣʱѾ۲þˣĶ
ĽԸոԼǱ褶ſ˶ã
Ȼתȥȥϴȥץ
Ľûа취ֻȷɢСע, Ȼļƣȥľ
Ǿ磬һ˿òҰ㣿褰ŰɵĿĽ
֪Ǻ, ߵĲ֮Ǹط̫Σˡ
û£һᱣ׼ûˣ褷, ȥϴǻȥǰԺأ
һ԰øϽȥž衣
ҾͭߣҪǲоͽңǧСģҪҧ㡣
˵ţ褰ҹͷİǧݸĽ磬ùӣǧҪȥ׽źôһأɲСߡ
һĸԼ⣬Ľ֪ԼǸЦǿޡ
Ȣ˸ʲô
ã֪ˣȥϴɡ˵Ľ§ס褵ļ磬Ƶͭǰ¡
褻ͷָߡꡯһ
һָֻĽڣ磬СЩɱˡ
ãúã֪ˡ˵Ļ̌褶ǰ鷢
Ȼתȥ
ĽԼЩһ˵ʲôʯ쾪Ļˣʵмܲס
ų׺󣬵һΰݼţҪһЩӡ
רĿʼϴ
һɫ֬ȹī˸١
󽫵һμʱܽ͵ӣڷټ䣬Ƭ̹㽫Լʰ׵ˡ
ϴã褸׼ȥ翴磬ͼĽ߳
褼ֿտգԭ͹ĵطҲûˡ
磬أ
ĽȻĿڣˡ
ôأûҧɣǰżĽ֣ʵ
ĽҡͷûȻûС
ŶǾͺãǲŵˣ˵ûɣǲǺܴ󣿹ôߣһͲСԭһʶʶأϧˡ
Ľ***
Ժһʶ
褣ʱˣǿȥǰɣĽתεĻ⣬
ԣԣϽģǵÿЩ
˵ȹǰ档
ĽŵģĵĿڣ褣ЩģҵҲûʲô£Ҳţûϵġ
ʱڣĽνҲŵϸףһۡ
Ϊ˶ӵ£Ѿû糯ˣǰһҪãĳ˹
ԭþ׼عȥֱĽס˵Ҫȵڶպϱߡ
ǣֻг岻ʣ糯ȫӡ
һķ
ˣˣϣ誶ˡſܽؼԶ߿Ķˣæͷڡ
ԣϵװԭ׼õĺѺӷŵһԡ
Ȼ˶Լͬ˶λϡ
˸ãĽЯ褽ݡ
Ľֿڡ
æѧĽӣֵ
ȻĽߵһߣһݸ褡
ߵԣЩš
˵ǹŰ壬īسɹ档
ؾصĽ˫ַϣò衣
ΪԼϣڳޱˡ
šһӹһڣûڶԡ
ֶһ˫ַܽأȲ衣
ܽЦеĻӦãá
˵Žӹ裬һڡ
ϵ£ϡ
¸裬ĸҪĸûиԼذ
תͷĿĽѯ
ĽЦŵ⣬±ǡ
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ðץĽĸ첲͵˵仰
¾¥ĽȥϷ̨
褱ھ¥õĿϡ
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褻öү¡
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ڿഫټٵҪˣֻСϰմһ֡
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һϣ̨µĿһֽкá
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ŷ֣ĽˣһʶǺϼҾ¥ƹվŵŮ褴Ƭ̣ǵԼм
ֻǺϼҾ¥ƹܵ¥ʲô
¥ģˡߵĽԣص
ǣһᣬҺƹ̸£ȻҴȥߡ
褵ͷšһɵһߡ
оƹԵŮӣһֱڴԼܲƣ褺ܲ
ƹʶ褵ģǰﻹûͤͤʱͼҲ϶ȥϼҾ¥;һĵΡ
Ϊƹ褸ǲİֻЩ̾Ȼ˶þǷá
Ľʵҽһ£㿴СŮΣƹָԼŮĽ
ĽЦЩڣƹȻǼõġ
ǣҵ˼ĽΣĽҲӣлֱ˵ˣҾһŮϥ޶ԺҵһȻģҲ޵ö฻ֻҸϲʵСŮǰںϼҾ¥Ľһ棬Ľ֮
һţ⡯һ£ѹо￴ԼֵֹģԭҲϲ硣
װӣܽ͵ӣʵ䶼ˣĽôشġ
ǸĽĳл̧
ĽƹĻ˵ͷ褼ֻǣаޣ֪浾ϲֻԸִֹͷ
ƹ˳Ŀ⣬褡
ॡһǡ
û뵽Ľٷ磬ǱõģȻԼ֡
ƣơ
Ľӣ㲻ϲҲҲõҡʱƹŮ㣬̲סˡ
һŮңҪ˵ţ⡣
˵Ľиãü
㵱ʱţĽȻƶЩʵǲüȻôʱ޸˼ңӲˣ
褣硣ĽԸŮٷѿ࣬׼жǡ
ˡ
褡ŶһȹŻС鲽Ľ
磬ô᲻ۣ
һ㣬ͷֱϣЩۣһЩĽй¶Ѿͬߵ¡
ʵо褵һ㶼أոպãСèצһӵÿˡ
ƹһĵޣƣþȻ˯һŴϡ
һίͰͿڣһ󣬾˶ѹϣ褶оѹɾˡ
Ľǳ˳飬СѾͷϷ࣬ʲôʱѹˡ
ֻ⻰ʱ˵ٺòĽҲûз
Ľ֪ǣûк˵
ҹĽ˫ֽȦڻʱʱһֻŻϡ
˯ɲʵ
νѹˡ
ֻƹ׺䶥
Ȼ£
ߣٸѰһõġ
ҡ᲻Ľӡ
ƹŮԥֱץֱۣǽŮ뿪ġ
ǰĽĺøеȻ޴档
ޣޡ
˿뿪ĸŮһЦ
Ľһ°ԼԼϣѹˣôҡ
褰Լͷţ᲻ã᲻ýѾ磬ϲѹš
ף磬ʲô
磬ǲˣҲˣ
硭
褵ĻȻֹоԼЩһȻ̧Լȹ
ȫʺѪ
ĽһˢһŵúѪɫ
磬ҡѪˣӺӡ
Ľ˵꣬ᱧ¥һԼ˶ܹ̿ڣõĴȥҪ졣
ҲȹϵѪæͷ
˿ҵ飬ƣʹȥ
Ȼ֪νõĴ򣬾ȥҽ
õϢʱ糯
ԣҴ˳ϱװܽس˹
ܽһ·϶ǰӣǲ誶ûпƣ»޲ͷˣôܲչ˺ð褣úӳأ
ϻ˳ŵõϢŮ£ûü㼱Ľȥ
үǡȥʵ
ϻŭĻӦҰͷǰɱȥҪĽ۸ҽ
˵ţһѴɱӵ۵ȥĽҡ

 32 

ĽСԺ, ҽ褰, ׼˳ȥ
褸оԼ˸Щ, ûʲôʡ
, ҡҪ˳ȥʺôˡ
ҽŸոԼʱӽ, ֪Ůݲ򵥣ǿڻصģûʲô󰭡
˵ţ˵˳ȥ
ոնнʲôȲҪλ
褣Ъᣬȥô˵Ľ褰ѱᡣ
Ժ棬̫ҽ빰¹ݼӣŻδ, 㱻Ľֹˣôû°ɣʲôҩʵڱס͡, мǲ˴˵ӡ
Ľվˣھһ⡣
̫ҽĻĶð亹
ӣʲôӣ
ѵԼѴˣ
ܣΪ̫ҽԺԺ, ԼϲҲ鲻
Ϊ˱գ̫ҽսսڣ£΢ûаѳϲ
ܣǲϺͿˡĽһ˿˿ŭ
ҪϲѲôӹҽ氢Ρ
̫ҽĽŭ⣬ֲ̧˲ϵ亹
»ƣҲȽϼ򵥣ϲŭ¶棬ȽӦ
ǰλͬ
ӣǲ¶ɫģԶ׼ŭ̫ҽý
΢ȥȥ˵ſ̫ҽ߶µֽݸ褰һ
ûУһΣʮȷѹûϲ
̫ҽˣصĽԣ϶ĵӵ£΢Դ֤ĹûС
̫ҽԺԺ̫ҽԺҽߵģĻĽȻŵģֻûͨôôͻȻѪˣ
ϳû´ĻӦš
ΣĽſڣ㿪ӲѪҩҩֱùģʱ̸عȥ
˵תݡ
褼æʵھ磬ôô˵
Ľ֣˹ıǼ⣺˵Ǵˡ
ʲô
Ժ褾֪ˣôȷԼеģдѹ𣿡
ҡҡͷûУ˵оͺ̰˯ȻϲģʱģʱûףҴ
˵ţͷ
ĽС･飬оԼĿʲôסˣܵý
վ齱ߣְ̧ԼҲãðίˣӦôȷһ£褡
褾Ͳܾˡ
ֻǻ褶ͱ˼ĽĻڡ
磬ӿ϶ģȷϣҡֻһҹ
֪ӿ϶ҵģ褱żżĽڰ
褲˵ͷ
˵ЩʲôãոôѪ粻˵Ҳ֪ӿ϶Ǳסˡ
褣ʵʵҲһǻϺӵġĽŸûлеʵ
ǾһһΣûҲġ
ֻĽһʱܲˡ
û˵̧ĽĻ
˵ֻţûС
ԣס죬ŵĵɴ۾Լƽ̹̹С
ûУ
ԲΪԼҪžȥ¾¥ŰѺŪûġ
һʱ䣬һƬհס
֪ϲǡ
û£Ҳûкӡ
뵽ԼɵȥҾĳñ콫ͷס뱻
̶һݣĽĸˣأȥɣţǼ÷˳ˣЪһᡣ
ŮţʹܵģŲֻţȥһǼ
Ľͷչ˺
û뵽ʺĸô죬»Լȥǽְ褡
Ľʱܽصż׼ȥ޷
ӽæǰʵôˣôúõĻͻȻѪĸˣǲ㲻֪ƣҹֹˣ
Ľܽؿھһ⡣
ĸ˵ǡŪˡ
ܽ۴ϲɫץŶӵֱۣŪˣҲ˵褺ͺӶû£ȥ褿϶Żˡ
ǣĸûУŪˣǰЩӣҼǷģϲᣬΪˡ
ҲûҴѰ
ĸ褵ʱδ֮ҡôȥûϲ
ܽʧ価ԣĴӣôûˣ
ĽĻ˼Ľļ磺˵ʲôˣ˼ô˼Сʱͺ˼Сӣӡ
ҵʱҲǱҩûʶ
ôĸ׵ĻԼҹǹ۸褵һ
ĽԼĸĴйֻҪΪѰ褣԰΢ʱá
ܽĴ˼£Ƶĳȥ褣Լȥ㸸ʽ͡
Ľŷ֣ûԼʵӰ
أ
ܽûĻӦǰӿأ
ԭŮСѪ֣֮˼Ȼãܽмɻ䣬ӿڣԼȽ
ʱϻɱڳĽҸ
һ·ϣŮʹ㾾Ĳѡ
ĽСӸǧģȻῴԼôʰ
Ľϻ͵͵һΣˡеԶá
ϻû뵽ǣʱСڹӣָ·һȦġ
ϻŵٹһӿھܵĽҡ
ԼͷϵĹñ룬վҪĽҸӵơ
ųգŵӶû͸ҲúôıŮ
ҪǸ齳׼ҺСϷŮʶһ¹ү硣
ŮԼȥϻӿ˽Ų
Ȼ̧ͷһǰ棬ӿǻеϤ
񡭡ʥϡ
ôѵԼˣ
ϻۣ߽һЩ
һĻϡ
ϻô죿֪ʥûпԼ
Ҫûܣü
漰ͷ˿ԼľȻǳ￩һ£ˡ
ոһ˿ңϿԼҲһϳ
һӲʥϵĻ۽𾦡
ϾԼǰЩӣƼȥݣʱˣϾͿԼ
ʱԼһ̵ӡ
ǣתȥ
ͬʱҲתģȻһϻ
ֻĹٷֻ֪ǻˣʵ벻˭
ţӦǸ۵۹١
ԼһѰյĴţҸոɢǰѳ岻ʡ
⡭Լĳӵץʵϡ
ֻϣ۵۹٣ܶ£װûԼѹûϳԼ
ϻϣꡣ
뷨һߵ֮У
ȡȣƽΡ
ո˵ϻ
ȥԭǻǸʮ궼ûǨľԴ
ʵڶλ䣬ûʲӡ
ҪǰЩӣϻȥݣô飬ãȫǵûôһˡ
ϰ䣬ڴ˵أ
֪³þɣ
סĶСϰա
ϻûϹʲôŪԼΡ
ػϣǰ·˵أһ붪İȻżվܲʧ
ϻǸ߻˵ˣһϯ˵ʮ
ȻܸܲʥϣԼ׼ɱȥŻԼ׼ҺŮɣ
ľɱ̲ס͵͵Ƴһۡ
Ȼ硣
ԣԼ׼Ҳһɱ
ԴˣڶӸԼŵĽԽ
ݵɱţ᲻Լ׼Ҷģ
ǿڵϰ䣬֪˭ģѵޣȻظȥ
ͷʥݣǳʧɣ
ʲôЦû˶ûʧ²Ƿˣ
ϻ޵Ļţһٷһɱŵգа𣿡
ڡ
ЩĳǵƣǰԼĻԷ硣
ϻһţսսֹأ֪ͻظ
˵˫ְѵϣݸ
ӹЩʵʶ֮ˣСٷǻϽظȥԺŹٷҡС
ϻӦ֪
Żһĺ˵˵ϻֱԣ˭˵ʥ϶һԾŶģ
ⲻ컯֮¾ſڿӡ
ӣôʶһ
ѹû˶ԼϹġ
ϾǺ˵ԼҲֻŵķݡ
ֲʥһԼڴˣ
ϻ뿪ǰؾصĹֵҪһỤͻϻع
һӣãаͣҲ׼ϻعˣȿȡ˺ڹ̫á
Ϊ֤ɢʱԼδϷԣƿ
ϻ˿µ죬Ȼ߸߹ţԼյıЩ΢΢
ϾȻ˺
ǺǡƲ˵ƣСźù
˾ͺá
ϻָˡ
߿첽ߣϻ룬ôԼ˻ȥһ·
һҪȥѵһ£ԼǸŮ
˳㣬ôô׼ҡ
ϻչչӿڣӰˡ
Ƭ̺󣬱ܽؽԼ͸ʽ͵ĽҲոߵԡ
˵ˣԼᰢ褻ˡ
ԣ˵˾䣺㲻ΪȢƭޣеİɣ
ҲпǶ̫Ȣ褣˻þĽЦһ
Ŷӣһʱٸн
СӣһֱĽ˫ȫ˼ܣҲףʵ̫֮λġ
ֻǣʼǿǷ׶ĸףǷһ塣
ΪŮԼΪԼĻλΨһжˡ
ôܲƴ׶
׶ǳӣҲǵӣҪǷ˵ճӣ誶ͱ׶׻ˡ
Ĳ̣Ĳ
誶֪֪ΪʲôͬȢһŮΪ
Ľһ㶣Цŵͷ
β֪ҪȢ褣ʿһһҹͬ˺
Ľͨˡ
ǸվλԵԼ
ԼȢΪޣĸ΢ǲԻֹв
ܵλĸҹû
ףԼҪȢһǿĸ׵ĵλҲʳѰ
誶Ļ£޲ϣһ
Ľͷס
̾ϢһڣģȻݵ΢ҲԺе棬ͳͳᲹϡ
氢褣лʡ
һƣ档
Լɫ˶ٹܰվӡ
Զֻᵭ˵һ䣬誶ɲࡣ
ףֻдһ㣬һû£ûд鵯
ʱϲ
ĽͻȻãԼ밢褡
뱧Ǹ۶ԼС
˾ӣ䷨츣գƽ֮ңݶˣһȡ
ֻа褣ϲĽˣϲô⡣
ʹ褣㻶ϲʲô
˵еУϲ
֣ˣüۣ뿪ıֻҪ㣬Ҷ
뵽褣ĽԼûôˡ
ң褵ԸҲʺϴں󹬣ĵĳһһȾİ褡
Ҫõİ褡
ʣȻȥĸȻعȥնٻع
ţȻҪú
ĽԼĸڣ褻᲻̤ʵ
Ͽ͡
ֻҪ׺ͻλ֮£ϲӵġ
̧ԼɱûҸ׼˼񡣡
û
ĽҲ֣ĸˣӲܲ
ĸĸ֧֧˵ᵽ˵ӼԼһ̫ƽϡ
ĽĸǶˣǰ褵ĸףˡ
ôܼƽϣֻҪԼ´ˡ
ûܣŮ£ܲ鷳ģһ˵ûٰɱʧñض㡣
ǹִģѾ϶ԼѴϻĵԼ׼Ҷġ
ȥԺģһᱩ¶ݵġ
ĽڣԼһĽСԺȥ
ܽ褵޷ڣ褵֣꺮ůһᡣ
ȻǸᣬûӣҲûˣûôѹֺơ
˶ˣضӺܿͻж
׼ĸһϲ齱ֵֽ֬
ݵ׼ңɱϡ
ϳһ٣ϻظϻʱı˷
ֱؼȥ
ΪŮլӣаʵеԶ
ԼҪȥˣŮҪһЩί
ؼңʱš
үôˣ㲻ȥ褹ˣ
ϻżûлشֱӿڣûڼң
أɱ
ɱˣصɱһףһһˣôûڷߣ
ͽӰ룬ϻʱȻڼң㿪ʵ
ȥ褹ˣūţСҪЩõĲһɱֻĸһȥĽҡ
ϻ֪ԭȥĽһһһЩС·
ͷɱصɱûУٽһѡ
һ㶣ɱʲô
һ룬үҪвүô
褹״ǣ׼Ѽ
Ͼӣöಹ
Ľƶûôĵһأ
Уүȵȣūȥá
Ƭ̺ϻøԼĵü
ûдһģ
һѣɱȸոձǰСˡ
ҡͷûˣүǼĵˡ
ϻû취ĵˣСС㣬һĽҵ˾ͺá
ĽǸǸѵŻ㹻ˡ
Уܱûкá
ϻתţſתͷڣҪһǰֻĸϡ
ҪĽö죬ʲô
ãáæţɱõļóݸϻ
ǣϻżŵ𼱻ǵĽҸȥ
лҪ˵ƽҹҶƽƽǵóƻ

 33 

ĽСԺ, ˰ʱ, ׼ҵĹӰӶû
һԵĶ, 뵽ǰЩݵ¡
ŶĽڣ誶, ǰݵ£кһǰ, ޾ףͬǰó˭ȽϺʣ
ȻڶϺƫģǲòϣĳЩľϣϰСӵ
ΪĴδԼʧ
ĽһԼʻ˼뷨˸߰˷֡
ʶԼȥݣֲԣϾԼŸ»顣
һ׮ĬĻ£Ҫ, ȫĸֳ
ݣĽǲԸȥ
ʰʾҲգҲ, ȥ
Ҫչ˰褣ҪӦɴˡ
ĽҲ֪С, ¶һ˫ɱڵ
ʶ˭ʣû˭ȥݵģ˭ȥȥݲǸò£Ƽ׵ģҲμҼҳΪ˸ʴɷĴˣμûйϸ𡣡
ԣ˵ԼĵǣϻǸʷְλղȥݣ
Բûʷȥʣûʷ׳ʹݵˣǸй٣ˣҪô֪ʺϣǲҪôǺμԸȥ˻ˮ
˵Ľһ£෴ССļʷȴң˵磬ӰյڿڵֻҸɽǨѲ٣ⲻͺȥˡ
һԵɱ뵽ոǸļʷˣȥף
ȷʵǳʣ˼أɸ۵ȥɾ衣
ã糯ϻǨѲٵ¡
꣬׼ӰûС
Щסˡ
ֻб˵Ϊŵ˰ʱѾﵽͼޡ
޳ȥߣһʱϽֿڽĸ˵ű㳤һӣԺӡ
֮⣬ߣͲˣֱӻع
Ľͷ͸ʡ
ˣĽҲһ
ɴǸԹЦģϰ߱һޱ
εĳ棬ĽҲ֪
һǽ֮ڣһܽص˵Ц
ԺӣڸתһȦ͵΢˽һ»ʳǱϰյ
ߵոײϻӿڣ룬֪ǸС۹ٵûлظ
ҪײеΣ
ţתһûʲôߵС·
ƧС·ܲײĸ˰ɣ
ѡһ·ЩȥĽҿŮϻҲû뵽˻ϡ
·꣬ʤ
ϻֻʮǰϣꡣ
ֻһݣԱȸոʱǰ࣬Ҳûô߰
ϻͷҲûϳ
ĵԼЩӶôϲҴڣ
ǰȸոջǸ۹һЩô֪ŹٷϹơ
ƽ
ϻ̧ͷϣȥҪҪ΢·
ʵʣϣող˵Ͼͻعô
Ҷһ·ˣô
ϻܾϻЦĿڡ
ſ˵ȻǻǸ۵ġ
ΣԭԼֻҸգѯһûбԱѹե
˽һµײյΣûҵ׼Ҳûȵ
ڳϲ۵ĻСʷơ
Ե֣Ե֡
뵽ոĽĻ̾Ҫϻ١
޴ߡߣˣϰ䣬ּһѵ˳һֻ
ϻĶɵ
ϻ˿Լŵĵŵĸֱð亹
ǳϵļū͵ģոʥԣԣȥĽѻ˻
Ƴһϻϵ·ţ·еףȻǳȽϺÿ
ǣĵˡ
ϻ
ǣԼǴȥ˵İ
¶ô˵ԼͷɱǶԵģŻһĽҸӣȫû⡣
ͻظٻһ
׼ҿŻŻɲңĻϻĳ
ˣãҲû£ȥ㸮Сһᡣ
ţԼҪôôϻȥʱҪԼ۾ס
ϻԣŵһ亹
ûԼһССȥʲô
ô㲻Ըȥ
ϻԥ
¿ٳǳĪĸҲԸ
Ǿ߰ɣǰͷ·
ǣ
һһ˼аķȥ
ϴθޣҪŻظ׼ңû
ػϵĻСŮѾˣѼ˸
ϻһһŻص
ҪǻػϣûһԼԹô죿
ԴҪˣ
ϻر˼û׼ҵ⣬ֱ˵¶ˡ
£ҲԼĴ˰ɣ
ǲˡ
һΣϿܣ׼£ûš
ڶΣҵȣüһǲ¶档
ţ¾ͺãŮĸϵģ
СҾƶ޸ۡ׼ϲģҲǿŵڡ
ԣɶ࿴ϻۡ
ʷְλ΢ϻоλģڰŮ޸һС䡣
ְӹֻԸŮϲ֣󸻹󡣡ϻɻæڽ͡
̧ӣܺá
һԼһԼһ֮ҲȢһŮϱ
䣬һĬ
ʵ޽ڵˡ
ŶϻӲϻ˵Ӧ
ֲʣڵ˭
ȻҲ棬볤٣񻹵Լأ
׻˵٣Ρ
˵Լδ׼ңһӿˮ
˵һٵˬ޵Լ޸ò
ϻһɣȻãﲻˡ
ˬϵԼʲô
Ҫǣ˲֪޵أ
ϻ︹飺֪ǻϣ˼ôͲˬԼ˭û򲻵ѵ£
ϴΣұڹҲˬ׼ҵԼ
ȴߵĵҲ÷ˬԼԶţǾΪ
ԣĵȻԼСۣ׼ҾǸʰһ£ԼŮˣ
䣬Ҫǵڶ֪ڵǲǾͲˬ޵Լ
ⲻǷϻ㲻˵˼ô֪ڵȡ
ɱϹϾ֪֪ͣñµȣǲԣӦʥﴦãﲢ¾˴ˡ
ǳ˳顣
˵֪
ϰ䣬òòͨͿֻ֪ҡ
ϲ
ţ誶˵öԣ٣١
ԸףҪǸ˵Ϲĳӡ
û뵽ǣĽסӣϻĸۡôôԶ
ԶһҲˡ
䣬ջøϽع͵ϽֿھͺãվͲȥ㸮ˣ³鷿һˣ·Ը㡣
ţʱҲˣҪȥǸ֪ʲôطĳа顣
ȥϽֿںܽػϡ
ϻһҪع
ʵٺòˡ
ΪԼȥĽңϻĳࡣ
ּȥһԵȡ
ԡšһ
ѹĬĬŵʮС۹٣Լȶȳˣ˵ȥ
ǣ̫ûˡ
ϽֿڣϻײĽܽأ㿪ϻлظ
Լаͻع
Ͼϴοƾ֮£ϼҵ͢ҲģΪ˲ݾߣŰ
Ľг飬ҲŽƿʱĽԿУ̰Щ˹İһ򾡡
ԣϻǾԲܼ誶ġ
ϻҲûж룬ԼҲ¡
ʥϵɣתʹ뿪
ֱϻӰŰЩ
Ƭ̺Ľܽص˽ֿڡ
ܽվڶߣв˲ƾ֮¡
ո뿪ϻԼؼҽǰɱںʥϵʱϣǴˡ
һ죬ԼѾؼѵеûȥһҡ
뵽ģسûü뿪Žҵ˼˻
պÿԼǸúÿŮվڻߣʥϺ֪ܽ˵ʲô
ϻӺ棬ֱȻһ˵ľ롣
죬ϵ򵥣ΪָոջԼûô
ʲôϵѵŮǸǱµţֻΪִлòݣ
ϻһ飬ûдĹְڰģ
Լۻĸۣٶһ
ȷʵǸԼŮĻŮ
Ȼ죬ǰŮļ硣
Ϣ̫ˣûظúĥĥ
£ҵзĺ̨ЩǿӲϻȲȥĽˡ
»صʱֽҲѾظˡ
û°ɣ
û£û£үýûȥĽ֣ǸᣬûУֻǡֻţǰŪˡ
ϻԣһ
Ůû¾ͺãû¾ͺá
үҾðĽҶĴŮãҸϵʱĽҶ϶ˣ⡭ǺģԺ˼ңɱ׼ǰڼӣҶһˡ
ԣϻȻ뵽ԼոտһĻ
ɷ˵ץŽ֣ˣȥ鷿
鷿ϻˢˢĻȻݸ塣
ӹۣү㻭ĵ׼ˣ˼Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ϻԣһûվȣֱֱԵ
ԵĽۼֿס
үôˣ
ϻ֣һ裬һһ
ϾӣԼǼġ
ӣû
ԼŮпǶ
ܵģӹ׿Խд󳼰ʾϣΪ˴ǧ
ɷϳףշ
ǿܵƾԼı£ܺͱƫĴᴢ֮λˡ
ôôһȢһŮΪޣ
Ҷٲһ
ϻϸţʱÿһ飬ÿһ仰
뵽Ǿ䡮ˬ޵Լò͡Ҫ֪޵أ
ϻȻ򣬼һ
ԭԭŮȻǻϵġ׺顯
ԼǸɵŮڿ֪ܲԼǵʥϣ
ˣˣϻ鷿ⲽ
ոջԼʱԼһζ˳ʥ⡣
ȻñԼŮԶţǾΪʲôʲôﲢ
ϻһͷײ
Ҫǻ벻ҪԼĶӽϾĽǡҲҪǣ
ϻúݺԼͷ
ǧ㣬Ҳû㵽ԼŮǱµ˽ӣ

лҪ˵ϻ֪

 34 

ڶա
Ľŵӡ
, Ľܷ, ǰ⽫һɫҳ, ϡ
ĸ, ֪Ůʱ䡣
ΪܽȥϽֿʱ, Ľȥһ硣
磬ҡûлУûвˣ
ĸԼ齱ϣĸĵõǻ䣬褿Ӧûк
ǸǱһĹ
Щġ
ĽϺ潫ϵã˫յ鷢£ڶ
Ȼͷ褶ûϵºӾͻеġ
ԣ˫շ죬ߵõͷ
԰Լÿ;˯һ, Ӻܿͻˡ
һЦЯؼҶȥ
褵ֱĽţ, һ·̲סƵƵ̧ͷ͵Լľ硣
褿ѵжĽӵС̲ס
ͷȻ
ĽԣɻŻͷ棿
ǰϸϴ, ɴûĽӦµˣʵ߲
ûԼ鷳
һǱⲻ˵ģǰϸϴˣԼӾЩ
ϣʱܿһ㣬顣
ȻġתͷĽһЦ
Ļ̌Լ߻ұߣ
ż⣬ָָ̧ĽĶͷü۱Ǽ⣬˫պͱȫǰ褵Ļϲ
˵꣬Ŀ۵Ľ⡣
ĽʧЦ˵СﶼϲӢô褾ϲңС褵۹ĥ
˵ֳ̧Ĺ˹褵ıǼ⡣
С֣ԼЯֱߣ˵Ż
Ǽ⣬ŵϵʯ壬Ľ⡣
ȻϿҵĻصʵǰҲϲһ˲ˣҰʱ򡣡
Ľޱ飬šһ
һˣðİ褾ͻϲϣ
е㲻ζǺ档
ʱľã˲ˣȻûȴܴӱ˵ﲻ֪£ԽԽϤ褵ͷ˵ţڻ¡
Ҳ˵˾͵ж
Ľһճȭ֣ս
ԭһԼеĸˣҲǸշ
Ҳ֪ĽͰĽǲһģ޵ĲǶ۲ΰԣǧĽӢۣһңɼģӰӡ
󣬰Ļϲһ޵ˣԺΪıǺܺõˣҵľ磬ڰǸõˣûΪʲôҾǻϲɻϲҵľ硣
˵úƽѾý
ǼǰǷ⡮ɽľľ֦֮ʽıԼİĽ
ĻĽᵽɤ۵ģڻ¡
ãСǰǰʼջϲ˶ֻ
誣㿴
ô꣬ŬܽԼĽԼԼâɡ
Ȼûеõʵİ϶
Ľ㿴
ʲôƽӹһƶϴݱ΢ûӦǰĸ顣
Ȼϲ㣬
Ľתͷ˵Լʱ۽ǵüҶЦ⡣
ŮӾϣһɫĹ⡣
ĽͻȻ֣ôôõŮӡ
褡
ͣ½Ų
褲Ե̧ͷδڻӦĴǰǼ⣬ͣڴϡ
ŵĵɴһ˫ۣĿŽߵĿۡ
Ľ۵ģЦˣ̲סҧһ£õĳ褣۾
֯һ˲䣬褶һ¾Ϳʼ̣漴÷۷۵ġ
ǿаסԼǿͣģıۡ
Ļ̌§סӯһյϸոյʱ
컯֮£˻Ҫһ㡣
ǰǰʵ̲ס͸Ͻؼҡ
һϤϤĽŲӿڲ֪ʱ߽ӵϸ
褱һæƿĽ˫סԼա
Ľ״§Լ˾ͼŰ褵ˡ
ϣҵ죬⻹ˡ
˲֪Ŷ
˵ֹ褶֬
磬ܰɣĽϣڡ
ĽӦ褴̧ͷץס󣬾ǰܡ
ʵǡ̫ˡ
ĽԼֻͣץһܡ
ƹͬӣֱҲǼ˵Ӱӣ褲ͣ£˿ŶԷܵú˫գ̲ס𴽽Ц
˫ֳĿڣ磬´ҵʱ򣬼ǵҪ۲ܡ
ײĺΪ顣
Ľ
ԼýȢӣΪʲôҪ۲ܣ
磬ǻǸϽ߰ɣȻһõżˡ
һ·࣬ʱ褲
ǣ׼ŵġ
ǣ޶ЦؼҸȥ
ĽţҪֹˡ
֪ԼƣۣǶôˣܵʡЩ
˵ؼʱ쵽ʱĩ
źĽϻݺȲ裬褵һ˵
ŮΪ˸׼ڣЩȻÿʡ
񣬰ɺã
褵ͷҺܺá
뵽յᣬ´Σжǵôȷһ£ҪԼϹ֣Ҳ¡
褵ͷмֵ䣺֪ˡ
ԭڴĵţԼ;ĺӳû뵽һᡣ
Ļӿû
¼Ƿ÷ϲ뷿ܼ֮
ŮĨ棬òʵ
ҡͷ»̫ˣ˵Ժˣ
壺
ɵѾͷǰԭһ۶ûȥð
УڵС޶һ𿴡ʻĻˣ
»̫ۣûжǹˣһ׽褻ص㡣
ȻУʱ֪ҸûУ绹ҲҪҿ¡
ĶԼܺãֻǺԼĸ˵ЩЩ˼
Ů˵˵ţĴʯͷ¡
뷿֮ºг޸Ÿ
ҲҪŹϧԼӣҲð̫Ѫյͣǡʵڳܲסϸ˵˵ҲǸûִġ
Ůͽۣڸʱһϡ
⸱ӹܲס۰ֲһĬĬܣඣ˼䡣
˭֪һͷĸ׼ֱ˵Ŀˡ
㲻֪»ҹұѹһޣҶҶڶʱȶʹ
ʵ˵ǲ֪翴ݣֻȿˣѹҽŶû֪ˡ
һ۵òС
ԭΪǸзִģû뵽ʼǲ׵ġ
ϣ˭һ
֪۸ˡ
Ȼ˹һһЩúòһ
褱ס壬ͷϣˡ
Ľ褻ûʱ׼һӲˡ
ĸŮ˵˻Ựǹȥһ÷
೯ԿţֻҪûУŮǿͬʳġ
׼ĴŮϲģ֭ŹǣѼ
飬ɵСС衣
ˣڲʱ
һ˾֪Щġ
˵㸸ǸĸѧԺڿΣϻ״ĶĽʵ
ʵﲻֱ볶ӡ
˭뵽Լһ۵ŮȻǵʥϵ˽ӡ
뵽³ʱԼȥ鷿Ȼ˵ԼҪԼǨ
ֱѲ١
ϻһǸԲԼúܡ
ͻȻҪԼ٣ѵ֪ԼѾ֪Сܣ
Լ
ܣգû׵뵽ϻʼңԼûбݡ
Ⱳӣȥʲӽ׼ǰˣˡ
һСģԴҪҵġ
ԣԼغԼݣǧûϷˡ
˽ҲûϻףֻҪԼص棬±˼
ҸƫԶ֮أһ۵ԺĽɫ̹ȻӦ
Ϊû͸ĸסһ𣿸ԶǲӦ
ϻò֪ԼŮ֪֪ǻʵۡ
ǳĲ˳ģ⼸գûóţȻý
ϻĽ˵ʱСԴרĳǰķʳ
Ľ˵褱̧ȥԼǰ衣
һСӣԲԲģʮп
ǣóԣǲüУż˼ζˣü첻żС
Ľ״̧һ
Ȼ߼ϻ׾жأױĴѧʶΪˣ븸ĸڸӻӲʣҲġ
ϻ︹ţӹǵȻӲˣҪǲӲʣҪ´ң
ģǸ˽ӡ
Ľ˵褼ӷŵв˶ˮʮȻ
ûпȥ褣Ŀһֱͣں˵ɴϣոյĶȻһ
褣ߺ
⻹ŵأСĽԼ裬ҧһڣԵʮ
һпο
ȻŮڹ뷿֮ϣǸëͷСӺ޽ƣŮ
ﻹ֪˵ģҲǸġ
ϻĽĻڳеľƣĬĬš
лƫҵճӵݰ
ţս׿Խ˫ȫıˡ
Լǰ
ˣ֣ͬ⺢ҲûС
ϻţое㾾ģϾһŮ
ȻϲۣǾۡ
ǣּ̧һֻȣŵԼСŮ
лҪ˵ĽжǺøжȻҼмȣװְֻá

 35 

ƾٵԽԽ, ЩӦ˲Ͼ, һҪչ˼ƿĶ, һŮڷӹü
ŮȻŮ, ɵ׼ƶЩ
ǽձػʱ߶߶ԼҲнŮЩƷȥ, Щ
ȻֱͶĽң»Ů档
ĽƺҲæźҪʱŷ糾͹
Ҳٴȥ¾¥¶࣬Լھ¥Ϸ࣬ƾԽҪֵĵطԽࡣ
ھ¥ĽԼ˲ðڼԼҲЩ
Ϊڼеƣ̵š
̵ֻһ, 褱ڶձˡ
ϲ̣׺̴Լ̬Ⱥ࣬Ϊ˲þΪ, ҲûǰĲϡ
˵׺񣬵Ҳܺദ
ֻ뵽̺ôϷ̨ӣԼϷô죿
ƿʱԽԽ, ͷ˱Ҫ࣬¥ȻҲҵࡣ
ٲȥϷ࣬ǾǸҵ
ȻǾͻԽԽ
ڼҴˣջسаգĸף˳㡮㡯翴顣
գһصа
ڸ鷿ڣԷһСӣеš
ྵ۲ۣȻȥЪһ᣿һԼյӣ顣
ʵǲȥʲôƿƾ٣ƫƫһĸԼ顣
磬ߣ˵ˣҵգ͵İɣ
˵褷ĹӣߵԣԼóһɫϵͷϡ
ŤŤдš㡯֡
ϵ֮󣬶ٺһЦļ磺磬ͣҪܼ㣬ֻƼͷ׶̹ɵİ취ˡ
һָ̧ҫС褣ģøͷε㣬Сǡ
˵̺õһֽһţװȥ
褼ڽűߵֽţȥߵ˺ˣ˵Ҳƿ
˵ȹܳ鷿
褣һһˣСѾͷˣǲ֣ʱ뿴Լᡣ
æţ׷˳ȥ߱㺰褣վס
ѽѽץѽȹǰƵ
Ϊø簲׼ƿѾ鷿üˣ褿ʵۡ
Ϊ˹ߣȥӱ˲̫ӣֱܻӱɵӡ
׷ҸϣЦֱܵǰ
ϻָ褺ڸҲ࣬˼ɡ
ǰԭʱϻ³ظʱûж룬ոæûôŸ׵Ӱӡ
ܵǰϻ˵˵
û뵽ʱǰһλˡ
ǰϻǰݵ¡
ϻһۺӣװ˵˵
ȥʥ϶ģ³μ˵קԼ˵ҪȺԼһȥҪע顣
ϻһҲѣȻ϶ΪԼѻϰŵĲ·ϡ
ǣϻ˵Ҹ¥̸
˭֪ҪģȻ˵¥ͲˣֱӵԼϱȽףǽж
ϻ뷭ۣ£ܸø콫ݵĻͳڲᣬΪı
ôııλʲôǽж
׹ٴһѹˣǣϻǷǳԸĴ׻صԼϡ
븮ʱڳаţǽϸ֮˿ûеȡ
֪׶ڷָ֮£Ȼġ
˸£褱ȹСţݡ

褽ݺ󣬿ϻ׺˵Ȼֹ
Ůððʧʧĳɺͳûп𣿡ϻһ漴ڳ
褡ŶһʮϹɵĻصŮ֪
ȻϻӸ׿ŮոܽĻģЩģôˣ
Ŷùձ鷿ˣҳȥ߰ɣ
褻䣬׷δˣ褣ҪǸҸߵ˺ֽôʰ
ǰϵ˺ĽҲȻ¡
ͷϻϵϵĲġ㡯֣ۡ
׼״ЦԵϹӶοƿأ˵ҹȻûˡ
һϯõϻġ
⻰ô˵ϻʵ
ԼѧСɫʲôϵ
ϻ⡣
øϹӵѧӡ
˵ţתͷһԵһۣ۴Σĳ٣Ϲԡ
ԣ㹼תͷүʱҾ룬ĸɱǧģȻȥǧⲻſӱүԭ
һ뵽ԼǧЩرͷķӣ߶꣬ˡ
׿ǰ/գֱ
Լȡиǰ̣Ȼˣ
ҪǡҪǵʱԼڳϣСȣظ־ǺԼЩֱӰý˯ˡ
ôһΣŲҪȥǧ
뵽ּװתͷ͵͵һԵһۡ
ֻŮһɫȹʽʮּ򵥣ϵһССĺᡣ
ɵվϻԣûʲô顣
뵽Լ»ظܻʱʱ
ÿΣ׻ĳﶼǷơ
ҽڵϸΣһκϼ̫Ŷ̸СգҲûû褡
ڶΣֵϸʱոպײǧǡ
˲ŷ֣ϼ˸˿֪Ҳ褵ļա
գڳаվ˺ܾãջûн
Ҳڣ֪Ժݵš
֪ԼڷʲôëΪʲôܵϸ
ޣɱŮӣԼֲû
μ˴һţһճӣҪ÷磬ͶͱŮˣȻ
ǧֻһ
䲻ŮɫȴҲĹֵֻ
ֻйӲ顣
ϻ׻ĺ壬ʱ벹˳Լȥǧ
һԣʱ֪̫ʲôţԼر
̣ϡ
ңڵҲò
תϻڣŮȻȥˡ
ϻʱ褿ڣȥʱ磬Ȼº˵һøϵȥ
ԣͷ
ֻǲ״һΪҲŽߡ
ڣ⡣
Ÿո븸׵ĶԻ
תͷϻʵϹûסڸϣ
һڣЩûڡ
סԼʲô£ʣԼںһ
ĳֻү˵ҪøϵϹȥЩ档
棬棬ϹʲôüˣŻؼأô𣿡
һԴϵ׵ĻֱӴڻӦ
ԣԭƽǳЦ˲ˡ
Ȼ̧俪ڣ˵ʲôˣ
Ѿײ˳ۣܾúܾˡ
ǰҸºڷҹһװݺһ١
ñףﶼʶźá
Щ뷨ѧǧǧϡ
װʮǧԺڵѧüɹʱ뷨׶ɱ
˵ޡˡˣǶɣ˵ô塣
졣ϻ׵һۡ
漴תͷ׿ڣδˣСŮȷʵǰԼ˸Ϊ˸ողżؼңʧ֮˶ൣ
ϻ׵ĲԾ֪Ϊľ仰
ΪŮոçײ룬ʧ
ԼļңŮҲϻģƨ¡
Ϊˣò
ѵ޸ףԼŮܼ޸ˣ
үǫˣϹУׯ壬ǡǸõŮӣպҲǸ˵׻һ١
󣬲ż֪ϹޣǺθӣ
ϻԸ˹˵ԼŮΪĽ⡣
Ը˵μسҡ
̫ܽʱվڴӪѡӡ
ԼС˽ŮҪǸ
С޸ۡΪᣬ˵ô˼Ц˵Ҳա
ЦϻϺ꣬Ϊ˵ԼͲ֪ˣ
׺ϻ˻һ̫Ƿ֮ʡ
׹󣬱ϵ˵λá
ٳççײײëͷСӣոƬ̵ʧ̬εõˮ©
һ̹ȻӦϻ
Ƭ̺Ҫǡ
ϻ֮ãĳ滰Ҳû˵
ߺϻһۡ
׶ţ˫ֻǰɪɪ
ÿΣֻҪϵ̬ԼʱһͲԶˡ
ֵǣϻֻǵ˶һۣ̾ϢһԺȥ
֪ŮѾ˵£նӲ˵Ҳ֪
ֻǣС˸ӣΪʲôˣӦô
һ㣬ϻĵġ
ϻԺʱĸ˵Ż߽ĸ첲ո˵ʲôҪŮ˵
ϻŮͷ˻СӣԺˣô죿
ô᲻˵ҪԶġ˵δǰһ㣬ƵĽͷϻϡ
忴ŸŮˣЦҡͷ
ϻŮļ磬ӿͷʱ治ˣáûؼˣûȥˣҵؼȥ鷳ˡ
ող˵лŮ˵
ϻתͤͤŮû£ҪȥһˣֻЩ᲻ҵ񡣡
ԣЦûϵĵգһܻظǵøҴóԵģòá
ããһǵãذɣҪͲȥˡ
ţҲˣԼȥͺá˵ȹȥ
һתϻ̲סۿȻ͵͵ߵſڣųԽԽԶıӰ
忴ϻĲᣬүҪ᲻ãȥ񡣡
ϻѾӰĳȣ˰֣ͣˣޣûˮԶļңôܰͳȥ
岻ֻ̾Ϣһתȥ
褵ſʱϻѰ˸ϵſڡ
ƿװ복
һףɱõļһЩũҲϹϺȻһţǡ
ͻȻ׹ԭոո˵£ԭǽȥ׼Щ
ֻҪô;ͣЩģ
˵Ҹģ᲻˾棿
Ųȥһ¾¥ɣ
ϳĳǸϻˣҲǿ褳ģͱԼ׻ҪһЩ褱һ
һͣ¾¥ǰ
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ϷûпѾչˣ
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˽뷿󣬷ֹţһֽǽϣһֻȻס졣
̧ۿסԼˡס
˫յź죬һòᡣ
꣬Сȣ֪𣿡
褱죬ҡҡͷ
ͼԼϵ֡
ֻϧŮʵ̫þ׵Ҳûһ¡
Ҿͷſ㡣
ʶʱƴͷ׿Щ־壬£ָģԼҪ侲
׵ϵ֣˫ֳǽϣȦԼǰ
ʲôˣɣԿڵ褵һ仰ʡ
ߣ褣ٴǸ⵰Ϸ๫⸱ӣ˵᲻룿
ԣɫˢһ¾Ͱˡ
ôˣΪʲôҪˣ
˵ҪǸ֪ǲǧ᲻룿ϾŮˣ£һӵ¡
˵
̬Ȼ֪Լݼ޸ġ
Ըأ뵱СѸ
ǰҶ⡣
ҡѾ֪Ҳˣǧ֮ûκŮˣҡѾԺˡ
޸ңҸ٣棬аһǸ竸ڹٳƽơ
Դγģһһ䡣
ףǲǺȻ
褿ˡֻû˵ڣԭ˫ֳǽϣֹܵףֱֱϵȥ
µһ˲䣬ﻹֹţûҷˡ
Ȼܵʵŵòᣬµ֣קȹ
׵£æţܲȥ˼εˣԼʲô
ǣڽ˻ȥݺţžý
̬Լˡ
ܵ¥£̧˳˼Լġ
Ľӿͣ£³Ųֱӽ˻ȥ
ոһţѳϵĶһɶ
ƿԺӵСľΧݺ󣬷ĽѾˡ
硣Ľ뵽ոյ£褱ӷ㡣
ĽЩ˱ӣߵԣôˣ
̧ͷ§סͷĽǰ˲Ӧ褺㡣
磬۾
ţ

ĽЦЦֻۡ
ż⣬̧ͷԼĴĽĴһ¡
ȻǾԼȻû뿪ĴһҧĴߣ͵͵Сͷ
ĽоСçײУ§סᱧ𣬴ڴϢֱݵķȥ


 36 

Ľŵ, ָ˸˫յ鷢
һ, ȥϴԡѡȥ鿱˿ƾٿ, ˳һ˶Ӹ, һ·ܣ糾͡
ϾǺͰ褳׺˵һз֮ʵ
ϣκβʡ
תȥϴԡǰ, 뵽ҹʱ褸ԼĻӡ
Ľݽóȡŵĺڲŵ褻
ߵڣЦųȿһҳһо
˵꣬Ľʹҧһ۷۵Ķ
˵꣬ƲסЦ⣬ȥϴԡ
̧ĽҧһµĶתڴϣñס̵˫ա
ո, û˵ԼĶôȻҧԼ
, ľ磬Ҳϲ
Ƭ̺𾰸ԼĻӣ
˫Լ̵˫, һţû£û£褱ţֲһκ;綴
ţ԰סԼġ
漴ӣӳĵһ仰ǡ֣֮֮ʻۣ֮ƮƮɣҲ
ȻԱһͼ
褿ſˣϵһһŮһʱȻûд·
ңŮӵ̬Щеʹࡣ
ٷһͼʽࡣ
վŵģŵģϵģϵġ
ĽʱС˫շ죬ȫǽߡ
߽齱ϣͷ褵Ķͷ˫ա
ͣ褶ɤӳ褱ţһġ
˵ʱĴ褵Ķϣġ
Ļַ̌´ᣡ
͸һҴ컵ݡ
ҡεɴᣣĺͷͣ
㺹ĿĽĻ
ĽͷĶͷ𣿡
ίͰͿڵһ㣬ͻˡ
ʼһɲۣˡ
ĽЦЦһǰ鷢
´Σһˡ
Ľոձϵ죬˼Ƭ̣ųʵ褣ڡڷʱСոô׽𣿡
ôʣ褲Ϊ顣
ϸָĽϻСȦȦ룬ص
ûУҹûոôףҲҲûнҵȹǾͱ˯һûô͸ով˵Ķͬ
˵褽ͣһ£ͷĽһЦǴΣҲңġ
ԣûո£
뵽ո˾Ļ棬ҾոպԵҪԼһ֡
褶ַ̣ͷĽǰͷ΢ŵġšһ
Ƭ̺ƺĽĲԾԼոտĻ̧ͷĿڡ
磬ǲǸжûûո£ҲûлϺӣԾǲǺȢˡ
ʳһ仰ʱͷץԼֱۣȥĽı顣
ӣ£վʳ˿ڡ
ʵ֪ΪԼһҹԲҪȢ
ΪԼˣ˵Ȼˮɡ
Ľһ£̳صȻûУȢ˰褣һϲ֮һ˵
⣬ûոռʱ˾ȣҲҹ˿ûʲô¡
ȴҲûڡ
Ȣôùʲôúڵģ
ԣһ룬̧ͷĽԣǲģƭң
ĽҡͷûУĵģڣҷġ
ոΪʲôҪһ£
Ľε̧ͷԼıǼ⣬ոڶ˵ůĻ£δ
ͻȻԼ󲻺ȢĽʱȷʵûӦ
ӣһֳͷŸոձСŮˡ
룬ϧ˶ҹҾ§ס㣬ʲôҲûҪҪң
ŪŮ֮µ褣һĽ
ԭϺξͻδɢȥԸߵýһžʱԵøӽΡ
磬ûס˫գӡ
Ľ˵ĻӣֱֱĿ
ֽ̧ϸסһ̧褵򦡣
Сɵôߣסʲô硭
˵Ŀ˳һֱ¡
褵ɴۣո̫ݣ춼ߵ˵ϡ
ʱԼ¶δֻһɫǶ
һ糶ɿġ
Ӧַ£ɿס˽ܴ
㡭㲻
ľĽЦβ´ο
ԣᴷļ򣬽ᣬ۸˼ҡ
ҹĽ̫ã
һһԵ£ϸϡ
úӺ§סϣһְǰī
ţ޾Ӧˣ޼䣬̹
褣ҪҡҲҵҲǽҲụ̂֬Ҳȥμӿƿǡ
סĽԼͷֱ֣ӴĻ
ܾģ褶ϲ˿ƾҲûϵǺúþӪϷӣܲڶӡ
˿Ľϲ˲䣬ңҲҲϲЩүӵܣ˵ԽǮȨ˼ңԽǱ顣
ϻ˵һ빬ƺأԾ磬㿴˼ҲһãֻѰӣǾ͵һϷСޣǺǣòá
ã˵á
Ľ˫ֻ褵ϣҧҧĶԺʲô褣ϰ褾ҵģ֪𣿡
̫ˣѧˣﶼЩʲô
ССӣĹĵĿڳ
ĽȴСŮڶԼ
ҵӶ룬»ҹҿĻӣö໨Ҫʲôʱܳꣿ϶ҪܾãҪЩ
˵ţ˫װſʼʵ
褽סԼ£˾裺Ҫ̫ˣҽպۡ
ĽСģһӽ§סԼðɣҷŹ㡣
˵ţһֻᱧ
û뵽ͻȻԼͺһ̧ͷסĲӡ
ĽõЦ٩ţ褾ô
ûĶŪ̧ͷʵ㱧ȥ
Ľصĵͷ߿ڻӦȥԣûͼ˵֮ϣۣ֮ԣҲ
åå
棬ʼĽæˣˣˣǴȥԡ
ԣ̧Űɵ棿
ĽͷȻ棬ңҾͺпܻ
󣬹ɵı죬ֺõĳգգۡ
Ľ״ЦԣŹ
Ȼȥ
װˮԡͰĽû뿪Ƕ
ƽӣҪҪҰæ
ãҪҿԡ˫ֻأҡͷܾ
Ľ̲סʧЦðɣȥ׼ЩԵģϴԼ
褽ԣæӦͣõģȥɣҺܿġ
ȲԼߣĽûٶ
ԼҪһᣬܽ˾ڵ϶ýʳˡ
ոԼҲǼ褵Ľģ̲ס
Сով£ôòͣ
褿Ľ뿪ıӰСֹԭĲߡ
ĽСЦȻߣôߣϴΰ褲ҪҪ´ץԣ                        
лҪ˵

 37 

ԡ, ɾȹ, ʱ, żһӵ㡣
ոڵþ, Ͷá˹ˡͣˡ
ѰζݣֻһССϷͭ, ʳڵķš
Ľԣʵ磬ʲô
Ľһ⣬ŵǰҴšϷƯʱĵطѧģζô
ź㡣ֽðԼǼȡ
ĽֱӼһ飬͵ߣЩţ̡
ҧһСڣܶӺܶ, ɵϰߣϸʳԵú¡
ģó, 
褱߳ԱޣȻһ⣬ҲιĽߡ
£һ뾰Ժιأ
Ľ, ιߵϸ£ϲԺҳԡ
ʵԼֻʱ͵ȡΪ˱ݣһһˡ
ոģʱΨһ֮ͬڣȫζȻر
Ļ̌褵ȻüëһЦոհιңȻҲð褶ӡ
磬ôԽˡ褵Ľһۣ
ˣˣҲˣ褶ЩҿŰ褼޸ңˡ
ǣһԲͣµʱŵ
ϸʵͷͣĳԣʱ̧ͷԼ˵ģһů
ڶգĽ˯ˣ褵ͷϲ˲䡣
˯ʵ̧෢գ֣Һ
ʵ۵úˣԽղ̰˯Ľ᲻
ͷڶڣȥ¥ϷյϷտܻصЩϻ㰢÷ɺã
Ƥʵڳصͷãڼҵ㡣
˵ת˯
ĽǸС档
ǲ簮
漴Ķ³˯˶
ʱѵʱ
ϴãػˡ
׺ػһ
˽ݺ󣬲褿ڣػһڲ裬ҽ˵
褿ٵĺ֪·ߵü㣬Ъһᣬ˵
μ˵ϸǧ£μΪ
ĸͬˣ
ػͷͬ׷ŻͬϼһܵӣҪǲͬ⣬ǧ޹ȥϸҲμҵõô
˵ػŵһ˵үԶҲǨ
ԣ褵ͷôҪвȫǸ̬߻õġ
ϷǸΨͼ֮ˣеϵȻ֪ģӦ׵Ҳ֡
㣬Ϊ˸
̫̫׺񣬺οǧý㻹ǵ¡
ֻúú;ǵСӣϸЦҲǲڿġ
Ȼǣֵǣμҵ˸߰ʱ̫̫˵Ҫǧ޸ӡ
ЩΪȻʲôֵģǧ˵͵ˣĸţˣֻ¶ͬˣ
ڴ󷿣ĸֳ裬ǲгµһ使󻨡
ĸýһʶĵĳª뱡
ػͷȻȲͳѪĵүλϮģǸտӣҲϸ̫࣬㵱үŮΪ˸Լı·̫̫һᣬӦˡ
޲μңֻ˶ˡ
Ҳһˣߵô˵ָˣϼҵ£ûϵ˵ػһ衣
ػ״Щۡ
ϼ㲻ϴ󸻴Ȩ֮ңҲǱүͷ˽赹ˮ£δǰҲûġ
ԼɣػԼһˮ
żڣҲģǧޣ̫̫ҲҪظ
˵ţػһ£˵ҪϹү׶ʶʶ
Ҳû룬ֱӿھܾȥûա
ϼҲ壬˴С䣬ǬһСƷڱǽеλġ
Խûбµˣ߻ṷۿ˵ͣͱһǾ;ֻһš
㲻ȥ²УϷ˶Թˡ
ҾһҪȥҾͲ
ǲȥүͷô죬֪ģ̫̫룬Ҫת㣬㻹ȥүǰô̧ͷ
Щˣ֪ҪѣĸҲûһˡ
뵽Ǵȥϸĸ߲ȵ͵ĵУǻԾ䳰ȷ
ңϴ඼Ǽʹġ
һ뵽类Щָָ֮㣬Ʒͷ㣬Ͷµûš
ǧ˹ʲô£ΪʲôͷǵþҲȥĸҼҲҰ
ǶүĹ⣬ǧԭҪμҵģͻȻļްӣⰲμҿرΪˡΪ˲˿㡭ϷЯظμ硣
ػԽ˵Խ͡
ǰٲãҲܱƽͷǿοޣǸϷӡ
һԱȣǧ޵þˡ
ֱػ뿪ã褻Ÿոյ¡
ݣŴı죬ɫᣣҹ;˲龰㾾Ĳѡ
ҪǾ֪Լݣ᲻һ۰Լ
ں˵
뵽ҹǿƵռУ֪Ǹġ
ôҪǿǱָָ˵ĸҽӼöڣǻ͸˾档
Ҫǲظ˵Ҳһӡ
ңôˣҪϸТ֮
ָż
ţһʱҲ֪ǺãһԼ֮ˣһ۰Լˡ
ǴԽԽơ
Իȹȥ¾¥Ľ
һ·ϣ褶صһô̽һ¾̬ȡ
ңүȫˡ
̨ǸŮĸүץס¥ȥ
褸յ¾¥Χˣŵϴ
ǿȺ굽ǰ棬ֻӵܴżҶڴôҶ
˵ȥ¥Ҹú̹̹ܵЩ¼Ϸӽϸʲô
һվŵӣ̶ȵ˿ڡ
һ̶ɵǸʶμϵӣ״һȥϸ
ƳһۣϷӣҴ粻죬ߣүվҪСˣҺҴŮˣģˡ
˵δ翴Ϸӵɣ⡭δҲ̫ʳˡ
ӲΪ⣬ϷӵŮܺõȥ
ѵɽ亣ζˣԳԲ׸ĸĿڣ
һž裺ʲôδ磬Ҵ磬С׽ٶҲûãҲղΡ
Լ棬Լμңȥǰ¶
ߣ
ӣһֻ͹ˣαظԼҸֻ֣̫Գ˿ɲǺ¡
ţֶ̧ڴҵļҶš
үңǸСүͲˣȥæǸС˸ҰˣүҪúÿ
ָͼҶ򶷵̡
ԣһҶļҶΧ˹ȥ
ܿҫӣֳδ˵˼ŵ£Ҫδ֪˻᲻᲻ã
̴úãҪ˵׵˼˾ӣһʲôϷˡ
Լδǰ
Ҫ⣬Ͳֻˡ
ôĿŵȨѹգͷδ鷳֪ôġ
ܵĻЦһ
Ҵ磬ջظһҹһֱšСȣҪǰұƼˣҾ˰Ϸ࣬˼ԣ
ΪһֻĵĹӣ׾ƺԣȻ˲Ϸפء
ձڵĴżҶʰˡ
Сȣδںˣע⵽ص㡣
δʧ̬ŭΪϷӡ
ϷˣɱˣҲһϲŮˡ
ţ缸ҲǷŮ
ܾľ˲ңСȻǱ
֪δϲڣһȺѽ
ţϰš
һҪȡΪδ˵¹ȡ
ţܾͲûӵﵢˡ
֣ϻ£վȸˣմ¥ҪĵŪ¹崿ѩ
ȥɣȥɣץСˣǸ۾ϷүҲظˡ
뵽ظ󣬿ֽܺС˴һȣһ˾
ôãҶûСˣǸҵģֽŹ򲻴
ϿҲ١
ߺţ֣㣬Сǣү͡
һԿţæңþûڡ
ô죿
ҪǱץߡ
褲ֻܱ٣ԣԼȥæ
һ£鷳һ¡褱Χ۵İǰ棬뼷ȥ̫ס
һպתͷ˫һ٣Ҳץס
ոձȥƷ̵ļƷ̶Щټһ
СҲ̫̰ˡ
ţöţָ褴ǸҪץ
ҶһȷʵҪࡣ
̼˶Χȥæ褸Ϲǰ棬ǣסΧˣˣߣȥҰ
褱Ⱥţȥ̽Щ
ĵҪ߰ɣȥҾ磬ǳȥġ
ûߣ˶Ӳ
ߣߣү㣬үҪ֪μҼ³
Լʵһţתͷ̱˾ţû΢΢˿
˵ţץס褵
ѹִŮжӣץϸļĴжǷǡ
һ˫˵
ȴˣһҪúó⹴˻СˣǸʲôζ
ſңѲý
ۣܲ˺һߡ
պòƫУصһߵ
۵ɿǣס褵֣˫űߵ
褼ʹ๪ӣæת̿ڣ̣ܣߡ
ߣС//Ҵ㣬ү
ۿʧȥǣǰץס褣̧־Ҫȶ⡣
߾ٵֻûļ£ֻһҽУɿ褡
ҵ֣ҵֶˡű۶ϵ֣໴С
ŷߡתͷڡ
硣褿ŸոϵĽȳ
һͷĽۿһӾʪˡ
û˵ĳ棬˵Ҫ˾磬ŵòС
μңôȨƴ󣬾ֻһѰա
Ը磬練ƣ
û°ɣûж㶯֣û㣿
ҡͷûУûУ磬ˣȥ١
ܹٸβεμңյ˱٣Ҳұոܡ
ʵҲ˽ĵģ˸ոĻ֪ǳžģ뾰簲ȫ뿪
ڴԼ̶׸
ΪոμһҶָʹ뿪ˣȥˡ
Ľ˫ַ褼ϣϸһ飬ûˣų褱£û˸Ҷ
ǡǵ㡣
褻δ£ܻ
ǣȫ£ֱӴҴ
̻ĽӦԼҪҵˡ
ŸոյʮҶ
Ľ褻󣬰褣¡
˵䣬ʮùļҶѾһӵϣĽ˹
һֻ褣һӦΧˡ
Ϊ˲ð褿Լһ棬Ľһֱֻǲ˿褡
֪Լսɱ۵ģжວˣŰ褡
۶ԼĹԺԼп־˼
Խˣ˾Խ͡
һƵ褺棬ľ
Ļ̌æŶԸԵˣʱֹѾһ̧֣Լ
סʵʵһľϡ
һ˿ûж㣬Ϊһ㣬褾ͺпܱԱߵš
ĽƺһǰЩѣΣһŵϥأ˦˦ͷԼЩ
Χŵʮ˼򵹣ûټֻŰΧš
һ
Ľڻ§סĸ첲̲ס¡
ſǻ磬ôû°ɣô죬ô죿Ҹ߰ɣŹŹ
ĽһƹۿȫѪ˿βסʹࡣ
Ҳ֪˵
褳׻ˡ
Ľƴ˦˦ͷԼЩ
褵ͷӨ顣
褹ԣۣ𿴣Ӧң𣿡
ҧŴͷ
Ľ˵̧ȡԼͷϵɫס褵ۺͶ䡣
İ褣ޡ
Լʱʱ̶̿¿ţţί
Ⱥ֪ģȻ԰褶֣Ѱų
褵ۣĽΧŵʮʱúˡ
۵褿Ҳסˣֻ΢ĴͲҽ
ժ·Լ̲סʱþ
ȳû죬Ľժϵķʱ
ۣһƬǽ塣
ѲӰԭһҫμҼҶ˲ĵһء
ȶܲڵʹ຿С
мˣһһ
ȫѪ
褣ǻؼҰɡĽģ˿ûһص˵¡
褼״Ӷͣķ̧𲻶Ϸ֣Լһһˡ
뿴ûϢֻδ˵ıǼ⣬ͱĽץס
褣𡣡
褵ģһ˲׹ߣ̽ϢǿĽ̬ȣѾµˡ
ˡ
ÿÿٸ참תǴٱ¾¥
ǿԼٱԴĽ󣬾ոԼһ
๫£ʵʵǲү
Ľһ£ĸүð褻ʱ˵ЦŻͷҪúòһ顣
ôɱɣһӾͳ˲ү
Ҳǣδɹ˵ÿһ仰ֻҪǰԣĽš
ŮݽСӣᶨĵԼǰͷͦصĿԶĹٱһ
ܰתԼ˵ʱһ̹ȻĽȴǶ΢΢
ĽЦ΢΢ҵ鷢£ڶ󣬵ϵҲĪ£ʵ㹫ǵʥϡ
˵ʱĽᣬܵͣᣬЩԼСŮˡ
˭֪ԣŵɴ۾ĽΡ
Ȼ󣬻˫ıԼϥǣ
ֱӷúޡ
أҪɱǸ̬
ϵĻ쵰ҶһӰľӶˡ
ʼϵˡ


 38 

Ľĸ褽, ԼԽʵ
ٱΧ˹, ͷ۴ţץȥ, һ, Ůֿ
ԣҲ˵þӵ׻ûˣҪǱٸ֪˶Ǿɱ, ҪԴġ
ˣˣɱģץһˣץҡ
褳嵽ͷǰ
ۼǸεεСˣûиߺôףҲûģģŻһʣɱģүԩˡ
ٱȥѺʱĽ˫һƲ, ˶ʱţҶ
ǰӣ̫, Ƕʱһ
סְţ磬͹ټҶ֣Һ¡
, ȻԼǲүɳажͣ¶˹ٸˡ
Ļزͷֻˡ
Ľһ£һСӣЦһ£ã褵ģҲ֣褱¡
ǰֱǿӲķʽٽһУԵ˶öൣġ
ȫŸոԼ˵Ļ
褼ĽӦ֣ŵŻչ
ãȻܼǲˡ
ȥԼĻ
˱ΣҪֿѺ
ֿʱĽ褣£㷸Աٸ׷ġ
ĽĻ褵ȻһҲûţ˺üˣôܲ׷
˶һأ㷸
һμҵˡ
Ȼ̫棬ûʶٹ໤ĺڰ
Ϊ˲þ絣Լ褻ǵ˵ͷŨŨıӦ˵褲Ų£ҵġ
ʵʣ߾磬Ҳ£취ģµ۵棬᲻档
ĽС޻İοЦųãҲɴҡ
ԣͻȻһ˿⣬̧Ľ
ܻ˵ȵǲ˵ںԼݣΪ棬Լ˸顣
ĽСӵ˼Ȣ褣һүɣȻǻϲģ룬һӱҡ
ôһ˵褽̲סһĨЦ⡣
Ľ״΢΢˿
Цˣͺá
ˣϽߣеȥߣŮĹұߡһԵ۸ߴ١
褺Ľ˵ĿˣŸ˼ͨڣ˵仰
ŮҲصȥ·ѪҪǸеһصʡָ̣Ժʿ
ηڿݲϣ㿴ŵʲôʱܹ
һӺͻȻԼûȥаš
¶֪Լץˡ
תţҪһæȥܸȡ
ͷ磬һ¡񿪻ߵѲ֡
Ѳͷüǲ͵ʣ
˰ҴŸҵ˵ұصˣҸвУ
褼Ѳһ£ĵϷ
Ѳţ͸ӡ
ͷæʼһңŷûдӡ
ͷϣżΪھǰװѾܾûˡ
Ѳ磬ģճŵüûӣȻ˸ҵ͸ţҳȥ̰Ӹ㣿
Ѳ룬صȻҰְλɹҲˡ
褵ͷԣģһҵ
ڲܵܲܰѲǨؼҪţõԼȥ˵
ȥ󣬵ҪǲܰѲǨҲķ
ȸ
ûȥôҵ褾ѲԽ
ѲԣҲ֪Ҫȴ٣ôȸǮأ
ССͣ˼ɲ٣Żˣʵȥ
˵ţתѲߣ褡
׵ʱεڵÿݲ֦ȦȦ
Ų߽ŷ߻ﻹ
ʱ̫ܵ鷿ʱȥ£ùٱץΡ
飬æθ
ǣûû
Ϊ˲褿Լü٣һᣬϢƽˣŽġ
ˣ壬߶ǣ˵ͷ
ƳһڵϻĻ
һͷҪƲոС߶Ļ׾ûͦá
ܻ׷ˣԼηηηһǣ޵滨̫ࡣ
죬ΪǸոյѲͨˡ
ӵϵĿݲݣż־ϲתѲ㡭̬ôˣ
ϵЦڿ׺һȥ
ԣɫ𽥱䣺Ѳ̬ʲô˼ѵѲ۸ˣ
̬˵㣬ΪʲôȥҰϷ࣬ΪҼ޸Ϸˣѵμ׵Ůˣޣûڡ
ûУȥġ׿ŶԼˣú󣬲Żڡ
㰲ŵģȥ£ǿĹӣ㲻ŻҧˣˣҷҲᱻץ
Լŭˣһһ褣˵ˣûС
ҪԸǸˣеǰ취ʧϢαô¡
ԭһϷڶ֡
ոǸ˵ΧＵʵ÷
褱ȥǽڣٿס
αҪ˵
վţͿϸıӰû˵
תһǽ֮η˵Ǹ˾͹
ԭţȻᶨҪȥСϷӡ
ƾʲôԼҪһ˼
ڣˡ
ûţ±ȲǸˡ
֪Ǹ˴ԼǮȨƣǰŮȻء
ƽһΣһ۵Ϸ˾⡣
ã褸о̬һηѹֵý
ת뿪
ֻתûü˵
һֱĬͻȻڣû
С׶μҵһεżϸѵ˵顣
μҸʳү棬ҪйʱɫŮӣ
Ҳ
׸׾͸ΪһܶŮ˶飬ܰԼˡ
ںθΪ˲׶Ůи飬Ůˣջһ
ĸ͵Ĺһ֣¶࿴һۣڶձʬͻ͵ǰ
һжǱźˣӵѡ
׼ǵԼʹף˵ҲܶŮ˶飬ЩŮҲϼǸδŵ
ײΪȻԼȢţǼҵĶǱˡ
ȢãǾ˵
֪׵˼ϼǸҪȢΪμҸĳŵ
ģ뷴ȴΪ
ȥϸʱǧҲûֱˡ
ȻҪȢϼŮҲƫҪȢǼ尲ŵһ
׿վԼǰüŮӡ
ͻȻЩңãͷˡ
ûӦԼ⣬ƢļһΣյˣ
褵һۣûĿڣȻͻĪвһûŵ㵱ţвҾˣ첻˵컹üҶ£ף̬ģ治Ǹö
׼һһϵķ۴ͻȻ֣СȺԼ˵һλ
ǸгµСˣȥҲֻǱ̬ģǸö
ŮˣҲ˼ҵС㡣
Ϲƣһׯɡ
һϾ˵òУǾͿʼ˼ȡֺǶ
ԭΪҲǸ⣬ԼȤΪû֣вʡ
ֱ֪ˣʮ¶治¶ɫʧ̬
׵ʱ룬Լһ㲻ͬ
ոȥҰϷ࣬ץ褣뵽ֳһҲпܱˡ
뵽ݽҪǱˡ
׾;ĲѣƽϢʱףԼϲ褡
Ҫ
˵ôίûɹһƺ²ѣȫۣСȣǲǶʲô
褺ϵͷһҵģұˣеŻһۻȥ㼸š
ԣ̧Ǽ⣬Ρ
Ǻһ˵ΪԼΪ̫ƣͷμᱳۡ
û뵽ѾͷԼ֡
ȷԼ⣬׿褵̹Ȼࡣ
ŮӺϡ
һֻһˡ
лҪ˵дףһ仰ӻͷض١
ȻΪҵԤġ췴үԽˡһղء
һ仰İԵүԽڳһƣ˧һС

 39 

׶վһ, 褿һ, ˫ֱֱĿԼ, ֪ڴʲô, ȥ
ȥºԼٱץ˻ҪЦ, Ǻ޳ܡ
Сȣ߰ɣ
׼褵Լһۣת֪ǲԼģ϶ײǸö
תһ룬ʵҲûμҵôǸˣ֮˲Ϊ衣
Ψĺ˼ɣŲţμҲܳʢ˥
, Ҳû뿪ھܾҪ
Ҳδа֡
Ȼ㲻ԸԼɣˣ, ˷㡣ԱԼ褿ڡ
ԣȻת˵ĸߣǷҳȥ
Цŵ٩Ȼأѵͻθ, ҵĵҷˣˣҲǲԣΪѿԽ㡣
һûûĿڣ㵽ҪҪҳȥ
֪뽫Լηųȥһ仰¡
㵽ԸԸҡߣ
ҪһҲֱӦ¡
ҧüصġҡ֡
ԣЦˣתͷһԵԸŴ򿪣
һ¡
ײõüɫһ䣺ô˵ãǷҪǾԿţ
һԣһ£æţϷţδ˵ĻСǸҲ
һæӦ
Աľͷӣɣոǿˣ˿ǵͷλδͽġ
þͷδˣҲֻμҼˡ
褸ҡڳš
ߵѺĽδſʱͣһ¡
ת俪ڣˣС
ɲΪȥǸҵġ
褵һۣ˵
һǰһ̤ţת˵ȥ
תͷδüڣͼתһ෴ķˡ
Сȣһллûоˣ
תȻллμ˵ѹȥתһȦ
˵꣬첽аķ뿪
ԣнԶıӰֹǵСȣǸСûĵġ
褵аʱԺ˶Ը֧˱
ҵأ
ܵüУ֪£鷿
ԣæ鷿ȥ
鷿ʱҲ˲ãֱŶ롣
ȾȾ硣褽ܵϻԣץϻĸ첲г
ϻīʣתͷôˣ˵𼱡
褰ȥµľ˵һߣȻʪۿϻ
취ɣҪǡҪԾô죿
˵ž˫ֵѪģĳ
ţͰ
𼱣а취סڸϣ֤Ľͻȫȫβվǰ
Ůĵ˫׵ʰϻ۲ѡ
˵ɵ棿ûƭң
ǲŸ׵ĻֻǳажͣԼﻹġ
δ˵Ŀμҵˡ
ϻŮļ򣺡ģаٷְٰա
˵ŶԺݵĽˣȴȥЪϢһ£⺢Ӽã۾޻Ǻá
ͷ褣ԣȥЪϢһ£һһ£ȥ취
ĸŮߺϻʼ㡣
аμȻǲܱȣӲӲĻϻһţΪʲôҪӲӲ
ӻ
ԼֻҪŮץϢ䡯϶ͺˡ
˽Ҳӣ˭ĶӾ˭ȥȡ
ţϻš
ˣȲȥһ»ǿԵģεٽղҪ̡
ǸɵŮɾźÿƤ࣬ϻûȥ
ƶˣǸ˽ӣǣǻʼҵ˽ӡ
ϻӣϵ棬ûüȥ㣬ͿĽҡڵĴ߳
úܣ˿˵ץΣܿࡣ
Ѳεġ
ϻĽЩȣյ챾Ǻʱϻͷϻϸ΢ĺ飬·̫
Ľһůǰֵɴˡ
ϻ̧Ӳ˲ϵĺ飬Ľһ
漴︹飬ֲԼĶӣôʲô
ߣӵĶӣŶһᣬϾ͵õϢ˰ųˡ
û¾ͺáϻһ
褿ɸϣĽһʡ
ʵ֪褱׷ˣ֪褺һᵣģʶȿڡ
Ҫϻ˵֪ͿԻش˵褿Ȼؼˣġ
ոձصκ󣬿ʪǽںͿݲ̵Ϊ齣Ľ뵽ҲҪֵطҹ۵ý
漴ͨ䣬˾óʼ壬ݡ
μҺͶӣȻһǲȰ˷˵ûС
ٽʥϣɽ󣬾ûԼӹȥɣ
ɵĽһʱ䳯ȥڽ褣һ֪˱׽ˡ
Ľճţ׼μұȥͿ˴ҴҶϻ
ϻĻͷţżˣš
Ľԣһ˿ˣȥӲؼҰɣ
ĽЩţ׾ȻûΪѰ褣
ĵʲô⣿
ϻһɫһţʵڲ
Ľȥؼһӣɲ¶ˣ
ϻæ˸ڣãȻؼϴԡһ£Ļϡ
˵꣬ոĽ˵ȥ
ԣ֪ˣ
ĽЦЦЦɴˣȥ㸮ϴԡҲһģһˡ
˵ţ˵ͷϻԵѾ֪褵ˣɴԺҲɱˡ
褸Լǲүո˵˷˰褡
ңûΪ
Ľһ룬оλֲ۵ģֻкμҶ׵ĳа
ϻԣŴ죬þò¡
ԼǸɵŮͰѵϸȫгˣ
ߣ֪֪߰ɣظϻȻġ
òҲ֪СŮĵϸ
ֻСɵڶ֪ǻʵۡ
˻ص󣬲̣õϢȹһ·ŵǰ
ֻϻһˣæʵ˵Ѿأ
𼱣˸ˣȥ緿ϴԡһ£ֵط
ԣ̲סֱ˵ϻһΪΪСոǺңҵĵġ
СôԼҲǸүû뵽ԼŮԽԽˡ
ϻŮļ򣬼ǳ⣺ûûСĹٿɲСǰЩӻǨˡ
֪ˡ
ˣˣº˵ߵ鷿ȥ
褹ɵͷϻ
ϻתͷһԵѾ߷ԸһүҲ鷿һˡ
鷿ڡ
ϻǰ褹ؾվǰ
߰ݵ£Ѿ֪ˣֻԺ󲻹ʲô£㲻ţҪסеֳ¼ǵҪ
ϻѵ֣صĺŮ˵Ҳʮ档
ͷ֪ˣ´ŮҲš
ȷʵ޸£ʱΪԼˣûһ·̹ݣҲûǰ͸
ÿΣ£ǸվԼ󣬵ȥ鷳
ϻԭһӵĻ褳Ͽҵ̬ȣڿﲻ֪˵
㵣ģΪŮݲͬһ㣬ŮڼｿЩ޷ɾײǸ湫
ϻµʱԼҲס
ʱ鷿ű졣
Ľɫ˿ŵҶΪ׺ĵԽʡ
ݺվԣתͷ˫ĿӼ䣬Ľ촽˶һˡ
褼״ǣЦЦͷ
ϻСԼǰ޹˼ɵüȥȭߣ
褺ĽĿ⣬̧ͷǰŵϸס
ϻɤӣĽڣգǣΪպҪศֹһǹҪݣĪҪΪ˽黳
ҪǣƽϵǧҪʱ򰲸۾֮
仰ϻȻû˵ڡ
ɴˣʵ
ʵʲôҪֻҪ˸ͺáϻڰִĽĻ
Ů֪֪Լĵǻʵۣϻʼվ˽ӲǸʵݡ
ʼҵܣ֪ԽԽá
ΪĽĻ
ϻһ٣ãſڣգϸǧŰһˡ
ҡ
ǣ˷ģʱҺͰһ׼ʱ褾ܾĻ˵ڣĽһӦ¡
תͷȫǵǡ
ǻ֪ĸˡ
Ľ᲻֪룬֪褵˲˳аϸһС
ʼҰѸ٣һʱаϸʮȫ
ֻǵϼҶƾٵ»ͳаǣΪĽ˲飬Աʱƾٲ֤֤а͢ƿ֮º޹ϵ
׼˼һȥϸ죬
˵ţϻóһɫӣһͬĽ
ǡ뵽˸׵Ĵ㣬̲סȷϡ
᲻롣
ȻϻĻϣȥϸμ磬Ȼֿտգǳ׺󣬷޶˵һЯֳǰʱ򰢾ΪҲȫ档
ϻСŮȫӰ㣬װŮȻ
ȴǣλεĸ磬᲻ϼòĺ
лĽЦЦֱֵӴ褵ĵǡ
ûаֲ뾽ȡ
Ϊ˰ԼСŮҲҪ˼룬͵͵֣ס褵֣Ĵָĥ䡣
ǳǳЦ⡣
ԭ۰˹ȫůġ
ĸо̲ס˲ӡ
̧־Ȼɫ̹Ȼĺ͸˵ŻֻǱСҲûͣ
ϻ޾͸˫׻صԼСԺ
ջݣת˵Ľ
磬ûá
褣ʵҵݡ޵̹߰Լݡ
˭֪û˵꣬СţסĲӣķ۴ϡ
̫һǣֻǵ˵㴽
ܾʲôݣ褶ںҲ룬ʵҵҲֻǸй٣ǸϾλѾһˣҾҺ;䣬Ҫ̫󣬰褻䲻Ͼ硣
ԣ˵ǻʵˡ
ǻʵۣҲ£ʼôȢô͵һޡ
ǻʵۣ˵ܽݺԼ䡣
Ľԣһᡣ
ˣˣ߰ǧί˭Ҫ۸㣬㣬ʮȥˣ㶥š
ڿ˵ˣСš
Լ취ʱúһϼҶǼˡ
ǰûλǲ£ʤ֮˰褣룬λҪҲգѰСӣҲδɡ
ڿλڱصá
ֻΪ褣պ󲻱κ˱ϥҪ褼޸ʱܵί
ҫ󣬸İ褡
˵꣬Ļ̌¶ŵȻӲҵݣǷǲǸúú㡣
˵ţǿԵĴ
褿촭ʱŷſ˶ͷŶͷԴڴϢš
Ľᱧ𣬵ʹö𣺡ҺͰ䣬رϡ
ԣ˶ߺ
Ľ
һԵķݸֱ¡
ˣԽԽ֣ովȻ÷Լ۾
Ľ˶ýߣŪ´Σȥԡ
ᣬҪ褱ӽͷסԼ
ĽźߵĽޣ̲סЦ
ţǵ񲿵˵һμף赱˵棬һļ
ʾԣɵء
ԽأǰԽ档
û£ԼΪѡ
ţյûعתһȦʲô۵ġ
Ҫ۰褵ķڵŮ
лҪ˵ףҵСɰ֣

 40 

Ϸ߱һ, Ҫ², ڶĽҲûųš
޶, ͭǰױ, Ľߵԣ˫ִ˫ϣϿڵ
üɺã
תЦԣ𣿡
Ȼͻ, ˡ˵ţǽڷü죬һĿʼ軭
ǰ͸ǽĽ߻ϸ
ֻҪ;һ𣬲Ҫʲô
Ľ̹ݺ󣬾ͱرУ¾˼롣
Ľԣ֪Сˣֱһʻꡣ
ֱ̧ӽ褱Լϣֳ̧ա
֪褲ںЩ, ںҲί褡
̧ǰǺðɣҪú, ׼ƿҪܵ״Ԫ˵Ļһɡ
֪뼱е֤Լ褲һٰԼԽ˵, Խ⡣
Ļ̌ĶͷЦôǲС㣬ûϢ״Ԫ˾ˡ
ĵȻԱôݵλ
褣һҳһˣڼҺúЪϢһգԹԵһ
褵ͷá
§Ŵһᣬֻϣ褿ѹԼϵˡ
ڴߴٵղǻЩȥЩذɣ
Ľ룬ֹ˹СɵıǼ⣺ãһֵǧټ
˵һζ۰ö࣬һžСԽĶˣ˫ֱ˿ʱˁG˻
Ľźֱӻ˶Ӹ
鷿ڣѵȺʱ
Ų꣬һǻȴͬŴѹֻǸСƷ
ҵĽһΣнգĽδ¶棬˲֪ݡ
֪ԼĲүǵԺյĶӣ˷ҪЧңѱ֪֮
ĽŶæڣӡ
Ľǰ£֣ˣ˵¡
˵ֶһԵ˵ȥһˮ㣩Ƥ
Ƭ̺һ̴ʵˮͶĽԸƤ׼һССذ׷Աߡ
˵˵οĲãǾøעĿĽһˮϸƤĵĿʵ
ɼ״Ϊ⣬һۣĽһƤʱǻǳǳЦ⡣
Ȼ
Ͻ㣬Ϊ졣
Ҳ˵һμԹЦĶ͡
Ϊˣ˵ҲЩ
ӣ΢Ϊǰƾ٣͢ԭĿȫһԭо٣Ϊ˳Ϊͨ˹Աܳʱֽš
ĽרעϵˮƤ棬һȥˮתȦƤȻ롣
Ҳԣõһװֵˮӣŵһ
˵ص㡣˻ĻĽƤҲû̧һ£
ԣоŸ˶ڷϳԻʱŹ
֪ΪΣԱԼСϼĶӣ׽š
Ϊ֪ǰ˵ҰģҲֶ֪κıԡ
ڻʼңżݸݻֵӡ
ƫˣʮͷ帻һ˳ѧʶ֮࣬ѧһ֮
ս
˵һûӵµҰģǲŵġ
һԳĬŵ£΢˿οϼҳҲҪμӿƿʮ竣ʵΪݰ֮
ɻû˵꣬ĽüһóˮƤۿתȦˣɵĻžһ±ˡ
ɼ״ĻӲĿں˵
Ļ̌ͷͳĮĿڣôͿǲݰ֮ˣ
д褵ֳ˳͵İ褡
΢΢˵ġ
֪ŴԡĽɫԽѿɸæֲһ䡣
꿼һԿݽʱôȻȥɣ
Ű褻ڼҵţһǰ˾ûڿ׽Լһʱ鲻˵˵ȥǵÿԼı
ľԴȥ§Ű褣롣
ԣæָǡ
Ͷһӣʱ̶ĵĲɺãڣıԵʶΪֻ֮üۿ˵ʱʵ̫ˡ
ϲŭ޳ʵ벻ͨ˵ݰԭõĶӣôͻȻŭˣѵϼҺͶԨԴ
ţҪȥϸǸڻ൱۵ϻ
λ󳼱͸Ͻµȶ˼ܵ졣
ȥøӣõˮװҪߡˣĽһԵ˿ڡ
һԵԣƬ̵Ĵ㵣Ӧæͷ
߻ͷӾȻҪ
⣬ܣ϶ˡ
˱װˮ߿ڣӣչһ֦ҪҪ
Ҫһװϣ빬ȥĸ㣬û
˵ͷˣūȥá
Ǹ
Ľû˵꣬˼æūףߣٺ١԰ɣ
ȡȣԣߡһαһۿ˼ĽеΡ
ŻظµĽһˮһ֦һиͻصͰ褵СԺ
Ժһ룬ճţ˴ЩԵģʽһûչ
ˣ˵Ҫ
磬ⶫɲˣôӡ褿Ϻ֦ɡ
ļ֮ȣǲ֦ģҲǳ֦ļڡ
֦೯Ǹϡ֦ʱڣҲֻиŹá
˫죬͵͵ʿˮŬԼʶСޡ
Ľ̲סЦôаôɰĹ
һ֦Ө͸Ĺ͵Сߣ졣
褽Ŵҡͷ
粻ˣȥ·Ӱɣ
ϾմʱԼ͵͵һۡ
ַһƽûٴܡ
ȻʼվãԼķǸ캦֮µС
Щôͣ㻹ã˵ĸģˮʱҲϡҲǧ֦͡
ҽճţ̫̫·ˤˣҷظҵл񡣡
ͣǿĲ죬Ľֻúұһڡ
ƭˣҳôû̫̫ˤǲǸɻˣ
ĽԼСʵǾúܣΰ֦Լ
褲ע⣬סļ򣬽֦ι
褵ɴۣ֦ｫСӳŵԲԲġ
褷ģҸ褵ĶǹƾµģΪôõİ褣һΪõľ磬ȥаġ
˵̧褶ǰ鷢ļڡ
СɵϣסʲôˣιǲǸ𡣡
褽ߵú֦Ľְһš
һûιߣǷŵȻʮĵոιİ褣ڻιˡ
Цţͷ֦͵ߡ
ⶼˣҪԼιԭҲкһ档
˭֪Ľҡͷһ˫ƦƦĿ褣Ҫոι
ŲҪᣬԼˡ
һھܾ˵굱Ľ棬֦ŵԼĳĽҡһԴ
Ľ״һ§סܷܷϸҧҧ褵ͷͻܣһȻߺ뿪죬֦ͱĽ˳
ţ𡣡ĽڽĹ⣬õЦ
ѽѽӷӡſһĸЦСڶʱܽأ۾е
ԣһæĸףôˡ
뵽Լ;ιпܱĸˣ褼ɬ
ĸ᲻Լׯ
ٺ٣ֻǣò̫ʱҪŶһŵĲˬܽʶȤĳ
ĸ˵ʲô˲ݵȥݺ衣ܽطЦſڡ
Ȼϱá
ܽƵĿһ۶ӣСƺ˵Ҷϱҽģ㲻Ҳɡ
褷ĸº󣬺СܳӣĸˣˮԼܵźһ¡
ʣĸӶˣĽһԼĸһ˳ģ
ܽصͷ㸸æδңĸ˺һӣ׼ҳ㣬СӣҲ֪ȥĸ￴ĸ
˵ܽװĶӵļ硣
ĸһԳϹΣգʾ̫
ܽһƤˮҧһڣûĵ˶һۣ˵㱻ץΣҲĲܳ
ô֪
ϱ㸸ˡ
˵ܽתͷĿŶӣΪ㸸Ϊʲôҳǳĸ誶Σ㸸ʹ͸ȥ鷿ʱ̫ӵʥּҿ誶Ҫ㣬λŹģ㡭ΪҲá
еճӣףΪãԲᱦΪ̫ӣλ
ʥּϵĻܽ᲻ѡ
ԼĻʶΪΪ˸һɾĿ֮ƣλ֮
Ȼһ䡮                        
лҪ˵ڹ˾Ӱ࣬ϣʵڱǸȻⱾĶո11ңӸʱҷģһա

 41 

ĽԼĸĻ, ָһ˼š
ܽؿŶ, ί
誶ôΪ೯, ıײ, Ϊʲôĸ׵᲻ס
ãĽųĸ, 㲻ģԻᴦһعȥ
ʥּѾˡ
Ľܽصļ򣺡ĸ̫ӣܲ˳λҪ˵ʹʥּ̫ãĸ룿
ܽ룬ͷҲԣǺðɣҺͰ˵Ựߡ
ĸھͻذɣ㡣
Ǹߣһᰢ, úѵѵ㡣˵һˮյĳ
ǹ˶ԶĶ, һ
Ľ״ǳ˳飬ԼƤԭ׼ԼСӵġ
ĸ, Ȳ衣褶һõݣ˫ַܽǰ
ܽЦúϲ£죺ãúãǰǼȹТ˳
ĸޣɬĵͷЦЦϲ󣬱ؾصվһԡ
Ľ֣Լԡ
ܽؿСڣԽԽ⣬ӿʣϱĵһԡ
褣һҵңĸ׻ȥܿͻ
ĸ׸Ҫߣ
Ļ̌С޵ͷǵģһڼңĸײģȥ
תͷĸƺĽ˵ǡ
ܽؿ۶ӣĽһǻصԣҵˣǣһڼңҲġ
ѾˣСڶӹ۵ģܽҲİ
Ľǣĸ̫ãȻһᰢҪæǰæ׼ˮʳ
ڲʮָմˮС褣ɲܼ޸Լ̭ˡ
ңĸعйźأͱСˡ
ܽغԺſ˱ĽСӵļ򣺡褽ݵңܿҾͻ
褵ͷ·СЩ˵꿴ĸһԿԼּһ䣺չ˺ĸס
ܽؿԼСϱԽԽϲòԸɣƽȴԴСֺ浾
Ľ褻ݣźĸӿ׼̤ϻع
誶ҪˣĸаµģȥŰ褡ϳǰܽؿŶӿڡ
û£ȥȥͻܿġ˵ĽܽԼҲȥ
ԣܽһůӵмģعҲͲһʱ·ǵҪͲŷġ
ĸ治ͣȥ㰢褣ĸձǶĸТ˳·ʲô͡
ӵ⣬֪ͺá
Ľתͷ˿ɳ۶ľɫεĿڣʵһĸ˳հýޣҵһμˣҪ˵һһعȥһ
û˵̧ܽ֡žһһƴڶӵֱϡ
СӣԼոհ׸жһ
ʹĽ鷿ʱͷöⲽ
ʰҲֻǵġšһ
׹ǰɪɪ
ȥ¥ҹ볢䴫ԣϹ˵ãźˣֱǸʲôζ
˭֪Ƹ̹һͱΡ
׼ٺúܣ˴սһףȻԼ˰ѣֻһ㣬˴¥ǰϡ
ŹԼǰɪɪĴףϵֱֱȥ
⣬ΪӣȻȥ¥ֲĵĵط㸮ȱŮ𣿻ˣˡ
ԽԽŭɽҵǰݺ׼š
оԴͻͻ̧ۣԼͷųʧ
ĽվһԣĬĿϷ
ղ֪ڷ¾Ȼ԰͡
룬Ľ÷Ҳշת¶ģһҪõǸλԭ
Ϊ褣һ˲ҪǸıλҲգԽ߾ԽɼǸλûסԼµʱȫȫⰮ褡
˰⼸Ĺ֪ǼºҲףλʱ򱻻Ȩѹȣס褣ʱٷñı
λ߾֮ƾʲôҪã
ǿߴҪѡ
ɽͰ褣Ҫ
ױߵббһסĽţһʹڵ֪ˣֻȥ棬ԣͲŮӵ
ԣôֱۣߵ̨˹ȥ׼ģԱһˡ
үˣԼŮ˶ѣʾȻҪС
׶㿪Լ̨ϵۡžžĴ׵Դ
ߴ棬ȥ¥棬ͲŮӵģ鶼ȥˡ
Ľһԣ׵ĻòͱסЦ΢΢˻ӣſסԼ
ˣӵӣ̱ϡ
ʣ治ֶǱ˴ȥġ
˭ǲԸ⣬˭ȥ
ǳаǸͼӵ˵ʲô¥Ĺ۵ˮСôһգϸ˹ͷױ˵ֱȻһ¡
ĽһҪģȻƸԼĴ˸磬ʱˡ
֣ܵ㸮ϸģȻ廨̧ȥ¥뽫аȫѺΣŻ¥ֱд
Ľװŭڣ˵ŴҪȥϼҰ˵˼
誵Ī𼤶̧ץסĽۡ
Ľװûվȣһıܿ׵
ְȥ¥ˣ˵ȻȥΣ̿˵龭˵ְڴ¥ſڵľ
Ľ˵ԽأŻŻֳ
û뵽ϡȻΪԼ˵һ۰Լĸȴ޲ôԼһСж
ʺͻʵܶԼͷЩĨ棬¿ڣǰգȥǧԺ˵ѧ߶׽ҡҶһͼӵ˵ģղš
û˵꣬ոմ۵ЪϢòˣǶߡ
ĽһۿţҪ֪ոʰϴͻ
ǧԺΪҵӣǧ
ȥǧѧӶ׽࣬Ϊ֮üԶ
˭֪Դûᵽе⣬Ӷ֡
ˣϣ׸ڣ޹ȥո˼û޵
Ļæ˳鷿͵ŸԼˡ
Ҳûлƹʹ⼸䣬ᶯ֣ξȻȭӡ
ø̨Լ²Ƕɱİɣ
ײ֪ǣҪһ£ʮպһ̫ӵʥּͻ
ڣҪǰ̫ӵʥּǳҰ¶΢ʡ
пǸС¡
Ȼױͺͺİڴ¥ſʱϵİղ֪࣬µҲ࣬ɲٸϳ·Ĵ󳼣ȷĿƵһĻ
˳ȥǰ·Ľʱ뵽ո-ôոջΪԼ˵ôһûԹȷŵһߡ
ѹĽԵգȾơ
ĽƲһۣδţ
׼ڣ
ŵһ£Ŷܵ÷ɿ졣
ߺĿŵСϣȻ˳۶ˡ
ϧΪʲôͲǻʺûаѪ
ϳף׶ޱûĸ̵ͷ誶λȥ֮Թȥķޡ
ԣΪԼĵλѪҲ׶͵һ壿
빬Ϊ£ͷͻͻۣһԵСȻҲòȥ
Ľ˿⣬̧ǰλϵˣĿڣ踸ʵĹһá
ߣ֪СҲǸ²ġ
Ȣ޺󣬻عĴҲԽˡ
׿λﻹǺ۰СӵģֻӲܱȣֱ⣬бк
Ͼ誶ĸĸҲбףֵðվ˲٣Ҳܶࡣ
׶ԼʣʲôҲûС
ˣһȥȡ޽շˣԼϽȥǵÿƾ֮·ҪӸޱܺãֻʮա
⸱ӣձȴǴ΢ȡ
֮ʯûһ˿Ѻ覴ãǲʯ֮ˣһҲֵ֪ơ
ҲǸѰòһ£Դ˰֣һϾܽضļ֡
ɣ̫ܽܵ죬ʱȤĽżعʱɱϼ̡
Ľһΰ֪Ǻö
˲˳аƽҲᰮ֮Ľˣȥֺˡ
ĻĽ֪Լ˼ǿڽ͵ˡû㻹
ȥǿѹű׵飬Ƣʵ
գһȥ褵ˣأҪ˵ͷкˣȥ͸ʵǸʣ棬ɴһϲ
Ƭ̼žöҲ
˵˻ϲҪ׵
ӽˣ׼Լġ
þ̲סﱬֻһɱƨˡ
ؼԼӣѽ˲˵Ȼ
裬޲衣
Ľôӵ۵ģһһ飬֪Ը⡣
ʲԸ⣬ֻõŸԸ裬ٴˡ
˵ʮϯȶ
СӴԼӦͲ˵˼Ȼʼˣˡ
ֶһ¡

£Ĳٶˡ

Źعġ
Ľԣһ˿޵óѺЦ⡣
һжԤ֮УԼʣֻҪԼҪĲǻλ飬Ǻݵġ
ĽƵϵĳڣлʣʷģվع
ˣһʱһ㣬˳ȥĸСӶΡ
ȷʵͲҪعˡ
һףȻСӵһԼˣ
ʼ˼ɱ׼ҹǸˣöΪ件ģϧֶΣһ
޵Ǻ棬ǸʲôˣŶӳ
ԣĽ뵽ǰȺҴҶӰ뵽鷿Լ̫ƶЦóǶͬԼʱһ͵ɡ
ȫӲ
ǲԾǣһĨЦ⣬ɫһһĻصһλܺõĸס
еζˣԼĶӵԼǸܺõĸס
һ
ĽоԼʵʧ䣬ֲһ䣺褽̵úܺá
ʱɫŻһ㣬ԭΪž׼Ǹøס
ʾĿŶӣֹһ䣺޵誶ҲǸɫġ
֮⣬Ҳ̵úܺãҲǸøס
Ľһ㶣𣬸ʵһοԼ
ˣҪһˣһҪɣĺøסڶɱ׼Ǻòˡ
뵽ɵݣҪһ棬ȫ¶ˡ
̫УͷĻȥ¥£ȻǸ˶֪ⲻԼֵ¡
ҪǸ֪Լϻѱ롣
ʱԼ֥ٵɴˣûԼ㸣˵Ҫۡ
ţĽ˾
ţԲø֪ɵݣԼȫ褼ļ˲ίǰø֪
ĽֱӿھܾЩѡ
һԼ׼ңֲӵȥʲôѵģ
ɱȽææڵףʻǱȥĺãؼԺ˸½һѪ
ŶӵĻţֵ׼ңŷ׵쵶ӳĳ
Ծӣλû̫Ѫȵĳ档
ˣǵûôʱټɣ


 42 

ĽصԼСԺʱ, ʱĩ
ƿԺ, ſ۰Ͱ͵ĵԼ, СС, ȹϸҲ೾ۡ
ĽһĶǰԼ, æʵôˣ
ҧ´ίˣԭ÷ʳȾĻôҲȼ̽ͷȥʱͻȻҺ¡
ǰȥԺݣˮĶʳҲѡ
뵽ոͻȻĻ磬Żˡ˵˵Ľ
Ľļ磺ǰôȥȣô, Ⱦ˷纮ô죿
˵褵֣оЩĽССԼ, ŵһůů
Ȼ§ӣݡ
褣Ľɾϵ̿۲ȥȥ, Ȼһ
ǣݿһ𻵡褵ͷ֧֧ĳ
⻹ĸո뿪ˣȻ⸱״ǸԼˡ
û£ȥһ粻£Īġ˵褵ļ磬תݶȥ
ֹ죬ԭ뿪ڣ뻹ˡ
ĽݲףΪʲôһ㡯磬褻ŪǰǱ
ֱǲһͰȫˡ
˳ݣҳСͭ¯׼һó
ʱͰΧһƵĳЩůůģʵΪٺò
ңȻҲֻһˣĲҲԷ̱߳ԡ
֪ϲĽЩ棬СӳϻΪ˶౸Щˡ
Ūú󣬿һԤˣĽ̾ԼѧʱѧˣȻ褸Լöӡ
褻ȹͷױһ飬ĥĥ˺һų
磬㿴ˣ
ĽһͷЦſڣˣ褺ֱʧˡ
褿˼Ҷˣ㻹Ц
ĽĿӣһĿС´βݣ̫ΣˣûڼңϷͷʳ֪𣿡
褵ͷˡ
ȷʵԼҲȥˣʵ̫ˣԼȥ˼确ˢһ¾ʹܳˡ
ˣû޾ͺˣԷɣСɫִŵСίĽһ¡
磬ҵȥϸһˡ
ĽŲˣתͷ褣üʵȥϸʲô
˵زõģϸһȥĽ۸
ǧҪ𣿰ҵȥĸѵҪͼ
Ľĵǣ֣ģ׵ļλýöȥĸҲڣµġ
Ľ룬ͷãǽ㵽ϸſڡ
ִⲻðȥĸǱҲú˽ϸϲ磬ҪǸĿŵ۸褣Ǻ¹Ұײ
޶޲
ù׼ЪϢ
Ű褵ڶҪȥϸĽǿŰһҹûֻ§ӵߡ
ڶգͿʼæϴ
Ҫȥˣָҵڣ԰ĳĸס
磬ÿ𣿡褴һĸ͵ɫȹ
Ļ̌ǰһϲСӣ룺ÿ褴ʲôÿ
ܽ褻֪ӵʵݣûùֵƵĽУõĶЩѰϡ
ֻǿʽǹò÷һ侫µĺҲǳõ֮֡
Ů˼ƯȹƲסϲģҲ⣬ȹͭǰת˺üȦ
ֻʱĴ壬޵ĸ׵ֵǺɣ⻨ʽ
Ľ￪ʼЩԼĸ붼òȣ˼ڰǰ˵ġ
ŰĸĽη
Сϱʵ̫ƭˣԺԼÿ㡣
СɵϳųԿ
ʰ׵󣬱Ľŵϸš
ٱʱĽȹ££褵ͷȥɣһ㣬褼ǵչ˺Լ
褵ͷҲǡ
ӣֻգϸѾʼæǰæΪպĻ׼
ó̫̫Ҳʮǧⳡ£μҼ޲ˣֻܽס
ر𣬵ôǧǸ߼ˡ
ޣָ褵һ̤ϸ
Ůѵһ㶼ڳϸȻ̫̫Ժ
븮Ҳû˴·ֱ̫̫Ժﱼȥ
ʱĸ׶Ѿˣ˷ֱֳ̫̫ϣǧվм䡣
ǰŮĸʰĸá
ĸ㣬˺ӵԽ󣬲֪ĻΪ˸ʲô˲õ
̫̫ûڣǧĳ
褼޸һϷӣȻɫôãպģһ˫͹˵ȥСĴżֶġ
һǳ׺ͱ۰úܺá
ԭԼǿԼμҵģĪףֻܼ޸Ǹɫǧ￴褱Խ˳
褿Ҳûǧһԣǰ̫ĸĸ״˵ʱĩʼѵʱĽòŻᵽŮˣ߶ĸ徲ʴ˲ŵġ
Ҫ˵ģҧ
ԼѾ޳ȥˣҲܽգĸ׺ĸֻһǽ֮
µʱ߬˵ͷߥĸΪĸס
ֻ̫̫˳˳İǧ°ˣʡõʱμҵףֲĺá
˸Ϸӣϼ˿ûŮ
ϰϲ£ǽöлҪסţǶϣʲô£޸÷Ǳ£˨סĲŸҪ
̫̫ϵżϣһ仰תͷǧ˵ġ
Ͼ̫̫ǸϷŮֱֵһᣬ˵ϼߡ
ĸףʼɣһᵢʱͲˡ忪ת˻⡣
̫̫Ļڽʮ̶ִſŮ
ԼŮͺܺãԽԽϲģͦΣ׼ĸܺԼĵһȥȻ˵֬ˮʲôġ
ΪҲ͵ģԼĸ
̫̫˽һۣһԵ˿ڡϲС
̫̫֪ϱڻŮȻļʱ齪ں
Ѿһ񣬳ʸǧ
ǧӹ߾ٹͷ̫̫ǰŮǧǰĸѵ
˵һͷ
ǧޥģţ֮޵ɾѵպ׷Тţӣݲңʣƾ
̫̫ϻ쳹ݡ
䣬ǧֿһͷŮĸѵ
ȻתԼĸףϼҶ˸ѩ
ѩ̫̫̹ȻϾԼϵ⣬Ǹɫġ
ֻϣŮǧмɫϣƴŮ֣ٳȥ
ϾŮڰίƾϸȫﲻæġ
ԸҶ޵ø󣬻ģ۰һٰ
ѵ˵黰
ѩû£̫̫õֱӴĻ
ǧΪ˲ĸĸףæת塣
俪ڣмǣƤŮӼ޷ĵ£Ϊɻˮ֮ˡ
㡭
ĸѵţô㻹붥죿
ǧ뿪£̫̫ӲİʣµĻ˻ȥ
չԼôҲ˰ţٻúʰĸŮ
̫̫ûзĻֻǳ˽ǧøѡ
廰˵Ҳ̫̫ĵģ˵˽ǧӣڶҹɻأðӷ
̫̫Ǹ˾ǧռ׵£Ȼ֪ǧ֣褵¡
ԭ̫̫Ҳһֻ۱һֻ۹ˣŮ޵øЩãϾ;Ҫƽ̹ࡣ
ֻǣ̫̫Ҳ뵽׵ϼô꣬ԸĨֱס
ڣ¾ͳһܣҪǰ֪޹ȥǧ赣ϸҲҪԲ˶ߡ
ǧҪ⼸仰̲סԺٰ԰ү߰˸С檺ӣȫ㣬סԼλá
Ѫһĳѵ껰رǧع뷿
Ȼ׵ͬãһ𿴼£ԻЬ˵˵强ԢҪޣ
̫̫ӣǧæµˣвϹĺ񣬴Ѿʼ½½ϲ֣һĴ⡣
ԭҲô鷳ģǰѵѣžһڲţԼĵһѵЩ͹ˣĸ˵Ҽ޵ķĲһݵλ㣬һǹͷҵġ
˵ţǧ־죬ƵùⲻȥΡ
ֻ۽ǣƵЦ
֪ǹԼ޵ò
ЦתͷǧһϵĿǧȻֵĸʦڵģ޵Ŀǰӣá
˵褹ͣһ¡
ǧԣϴżֲ
褻ʶ֪࣬޵òԼڵ̬
ֻǣǧϵĵ⻹δȥ褼Ҽ޵ҵˣ˵һϲһ⣬ļǰѵˣǰ֪ˣǲ˵ģҪǴӶӰͽĸ顭㿴ߵǲܹȡ
޸Ϸӣ˵ô档˵ʹǧֱӿڷ̡
ԼҲףɲǺģԼ޹ȥеĥ
ϾǸɫħףĲһ㣬Ǹӳ˻ŮˣһǴ
ȻôһƿμңڸμҺԺȫδķ˵㡣
գĸС㣬Ҫλμδٷ˼֡
˵ǧĹ뷿ʱѾм׽õ
˽ݣǧΧ˹
ϼˣССǧһޣǿǼ˸ѡ
ôɵݡ
ǧ㣬ʱҪĻЬƯ
ǰǧ㣬ǰ滹Ž˿أһͼֵƣ۰㡣
ǧ㣬ǸºǺϻ˵ҲǼֵǧأ
Ľǧ㡭
Χǧߴߴ˵ͣĽǧھ˳ˡ
ڽǶĸŮϵõĲʹ죬Ҳࡣ
׻Լ޵úãǸСӣ˵ЩϻǼԼ
һǵģʲô˲˵ģŮӼ˭ǼޣȻҪ޸ġ
һûм˵ġ
뵽ǧһЦżɬѽǱô˵ʲôݲҪ
һ˷
ǧ㣬ּ޵øô˵˵Ů˼޷Ҫˣƶͱȫڷĵλ
ǰǰǧ޵úãŹôοǰɣ
һԣװδţţֻȹСʱˣԼ͸Ͻ뿪ȥžԼ
徲ƫƫǧͲŹ
˵᲻˵ģϾ˵ţǧ־ס죬С˵˻
ϼСѾͷһʱˡ
ǧ㣬˵üˣôû˵
ȷʵ褼ˣֻ곤ĳ֪£ʱûһ˸磬⼸Ѿͷ֪Ҳ֡
ãĸϵģôû˵
԰ãǰǲҲǧôɣϲ
ǧһԣһϷҪôش
еĿ褡
Ͼܼްӣоλӳ֣ܱȶ
ҷǸˣúܺÿҺᱣңҼʱֻҵ͸ԡ
ûиۡûݣûаӸҼΪ棬ΪٻֻΪһϲ
˵ĺ̹Ȼûа־Ϊ顣
һˣ̲סʵ
Ǹʲôˣ
ǧ褵Ӿ޵òԼͲԼ˵ôõġ
ǣɤӿڣֱӸ߽ǣǸСϷӾ͵ˣ˵պǻȥӦһ⡣
˵꣬ﾲһ£ȻŮĵЦ
һģǧ֪ýò͡
Ϊ˰ͽӷˣվ豭װֻ豭̵Ĳˮȫ褼ϣ
һȣ̲סһæժԼȹϵĵʪҶ
ĸ͸Լȹĸ˵Լġ
ţۿʪˣδŮӶô߲ȵͣοˡ
ʱ򾰸磬ҪԵĵһȺ¹ޡ
һȺˣȫһϷûһǰ
ͻȻһֻǽڷʮֺÿ֣ǰժȥǰȹϵʪҶ
̧ϤˣͻȻ̲סᣬ˵һμʱҲȿ˫ÿ֡
˿ˣ褿ʼƵĵôˣ
ĽϸŪͷϵĲҶڻţǰԺʱ褵ľʵڵȲסʹ˽
һӵŮӣĽﶼС˼
˾褵ķ
ʵÿüĿ߱Ǳ򵥵ɫø׾
޳ͦε˸Ƿǡ
˶ã˳ʵϲ̨棬Ƕá
ǣǻûȥĸɣʱˣҪȥʸȹˣȻһǡǻرһ°ɡǧ˳Ĭա
ڶŰͽδȻ˵ʲôʲô
׷ȥ̫̫Ժ
񣬽иɾȹȥǧе褿ڡ
һ
ǧҲΣ˰ɣһҪǱ˼ˣˣڿѼ֮
ǧһ˵˵ĵ㣬褳һµͷȥ
Ľץס褵֣ڣ褲ϲͲҪﻻҲںҵİᶪ˵ġ
תһĨЦĽģŽڣں뻻һºòã
˵Žݣš
ǧ˸ãֲζ
˳ʵǺģǵЩֻǵĿһ£δɡ
Ҫ褵ˣΪԼΪԼԣԼϳƸ
ԼϾҪˣ֮ǰѵô۵ˣǣϾͦڡ
ѹǸСԽԽģҹҹ۰ǸŮ˶Խġ
ţǧʹ󵨵׵ֶΣװСģĽﵹȥ
Ľ״ۼſ󲽣ǧʵʵˤ˸ʺڵϡ
ϣȺۣ÷ɲһѡģɤӳ
ԡ
ǧһ㶣Ǽ±褷֣ԲðգϾݵ£ȢС㣬Ҳǲס
뵽ǧŤŤø÷ᣬûµģֻҪ㲻˼һѶѣʲô˵껹գգۡ
ҺͰ֮䲻ᣬһѣֻΪҲϲණ˶ѡ


 43 

褻ȹʱ, պÿǧںĽ˵
˵ʲôû, մ, ǧͱûټ
˺ãĽ߹ȹ, ڵ
š褵ͷ
ǻؼҰɣ˵֣Ҳûٿǧһۡ
֣Ų
ǧ뿪ıӰ, 뵽ոĽĻЩ
ߣɾֻǸúÿЩϷӣȻɾ
Ͳţ´Լ׼ԼջĽҡ
褸Ľһصӡ
˸ճ˺Ժǰ褾Ǭ
ǸϷӣûʲô棬Ȼ˼, вԺĹأλ͵ҸӣҪЦǬһԵ˽, ﾡڿǿĽµݡ
ײ֪󷿵ŮǸϷӡ
褾֪˵ĶǾոմԺ¡
˼ĽЯ褳Ŀڶϡ
ײ, ǲкҪ˵竣Ů
ΪЩ˽׵Ŀ࣬ӲͷƤǰǿһĨЦ׵壬λ岮á
ãλ岮˵֮£˵ƽЩǲҲ֣սݻû岮кֱԺ壬ԺģôϼŮɱҰªϰϸǼҿɲǳϷ˵ģôҲǸ
Ǭ϶һļӣﻰȻĽݵ΢˵¡
ȻԭǧǸüμҵģڸļްڱ󻹲֪᲻
ǬǹⷴἰŮݣһԱȣԼŮ޵þ͸ˡ
ֻû˵꣬褾ֱӳĻ
ôǸʲôǸү壬ҲϼŻжߣȻҪŮ·
ʮ䣬˫ͱ˵ֱǬȻԼľ棬ԼֺҪҪΪ
㡭㣬Ǵ̳ĺŮĿ𳤣ǼпǬֲָ褡
ǣǡһԵΪ곤岮͵
һλֿڶȰ˵褣ô壬˵̫
褽δˣĽղǬ档
ҪǽԼһʱպ󣬳ʱиˣͬʱԾĳֻ䱾
˲ڽŵ£ȫװǵĸΣɥĲ
ҷҵû˵ʲôֲָֻţңȥԺϹأģҲֻΪҡ
˵褿ǬѹԲʲô뷨ΪǸĵŮҾ翴ϡ
ǬзӦĽ֣Цŵգ褾ȸˣλ岮ؼ
˵꣬Яֳϸ
Ǭ˵ıöţֱ
ĽһԲԼֻü۶Ц⡣
ЦʲôϴţƵĿڡ
룬ոǰ褺硣˵һգС˶ͱ§ڻң˻ŵĸоá
褲ֻŷ۵Ĵһֹģ
ôˣΪβģΪϸȺŮˣھȥѵѵǡ
˵ĽҪۻȥ
ոϸֿˣ褻еΪѣԲûмƽϡ
պ褲֪ʱ򣬸Ⱥ߲ȵ͵һơ
褼Ľ˵ţľҪȥһץסĽĸ첲ֻǡֻ룬ովǧ˵ʲô
ǵģһ·⡣
ǧ׵£ֻҪǧһ磬褾;ò
ž磬ʵ̫£֪Լýж಻ҪδǰǾ͸Ŀŵ׻ơ
ĽԣתĿŵͷСΪ
š褵ͷЬŵ棬ȥĽ۾
Ľ̾ϢһڻֻǸҵİԶһЩҵС
˵ţ褶һ¡
ģҺʳģҰˣֻҵС褣ֻ븹С
˵Żʹҧҧ褵Ķ
ԣɫͣ§סĸ첲⻹࣬Ժ㲻һҲԡ
úúãΪһжӰš
˵䣬ߵ˳аſڡ
ۣĽ֪ǵŸϣϾ׳ĵط
ǣʵ褣Ҫǽȥɣ
Цƴͷ
̤븮˸ϵ˲֪ϻ˻û
褱ĽԺȥѰĸס
ǧ̫̫Ժѵ껰󣬾˸
úùţƶ졣˸̤Ժĺǳ
һԣ߽褷ޣ·𿴵˾ǡ
ˣ㿴ҡ˵ž
ţ
忴Ҳûһۣ˵ȥôˣڵѹ黰ˣ
褵ͷ
ĸסĽִк
ЦŵͷҲˣȻһˣһͱˣڸ˷ٻȥ׼ЩϲĲˡ
ĸףôˣôϣ϶Ⱦ˷纮ô죿
һһж
أԼûаСѾͷԼˡ
԰ĸף㿴÷ѵһˣҪ˵ţ׼
£ͱŶӣǳ⡣
ĸףøˣ˵ôûڸϣҲûȥϸ
أѵϻΪ״󲮣ȻҪǬһóѵʡ
˵üָ⻹ǹ
ŮŮˣû
ϣĽԡ
㶼֪ʲôͿ£ǰմӱ˰ǹˣڴ¥֪ɣӴ˵ȥġ
˵һֺ̧ݺùһԵԴ
ͷµǸɫϵĴԼȥ¥ģҡ
ߣ¥Ĺ۵ˮ֦ϸ˹ͷЩӶ֪ѧã㲻ѧá˵ͷһá
褼ĸúˣЩżæס塣
ĽҲʼǻĸףֳ˵öԣȷʵֲŴȥĴ¥
ľĽڹ˵ԼĴ˸綼ûΡ
֣þҲ
òŵǲ֪ӾǱС˵ǹڴ¥ſڵġ
ûǸڷ¾۸ֻŪ˰ǹûѾܺˣ˭ҪǸҶһͷҲҪŪ
Ķײ
ĻǶԼ֮µ˵ǣҲǽĽġ
ã˭÷ҲУ˭ҪǶ͸˭ƴ
գŮȥŭֱһµȼ
һԵĲ豭ͳ˹ȥ
ڲԣ
ȻҪǱ˴˳ȥҪԴġ
ǸëͷСӣ֪ѿ֮졣
Ժûˣ˶ǲȥͷ
Ľ˸м࿴
׵˵֪˭Լڴ¥ſڵġ
ֻ˵¥ĹɫˮۣԲžȥġ
ȫӡ⡯˵©Ϲ֪Ľϡ
̱ضϸܵļƻðƽԵˣԼ˸Ҳ竡
ôͣô빬ˣҸ㣬͸úͰҪǱĺͿۣҴ㡣
ԽԽָı
ĸףҶ˵ˣײ֪Ұ˵ҵĻȥĴ¥һڵĴˣ̸̸Ůôˣֲ
Ȼаգױ£鲻Լϡ
м飬ϾϵȷʵͻȻͱ˹
ʱ鷿ڱټϻҲý
·ŵˣ䣬̸̸ӵ¡
ϻһϿʼð亹
ѵԼǸ˶Ӱӣӵ±ˣ
ϻ̧ӲŶϵϸ˶٣
ǻûɣ
ϻҵĻصػϵĻȮӡ
ȻǱˣ취ɲᣬٲҪ۳޵Ů
ϻԼҪ侲Ҫס
ţɳԺζͨǸӵܡ
ϣ޷ǳϲҪ޵Ů
ϻһȦ
ԼǸͷۣۣ첲ۣۡ
Ϊ˲׼Ҹͬиǻ˵ӣԼͬϻ빬̸̸ģﷳƶһ
ʲôʱ˵Ҫˡ
޽ղҪ
ǣֵϻˡ
ѵҪνԼ˸С
£ϻĻ
ǰ׶Ļ£ʵͷۣ˵ӵĻȥĴ¥ûй㡣
Լ˵ţϻҪ¹ֹ
Ϊһ֮ҲΪ˸׶£ʵʹġ
ϻҽӻĻ
ʱͷ

ֱϻ£ϻ˻ʹûŪףԼ빬Ϊʲô
ϵ֪ĴӣֻһԼ˵Ӳ׶ʹģ竣ΪһףһΡ
ϻﲻڸ顮£ô˵ĶĶӣҼǲ¥ģԼĶӱǸӣ񻹲
ǣϻԼҲûôˡ
а
ŸΪԼѴӰ˹ڴ¥ſڣڽͻȻ١
褿ʼ
Ľִٲ˿üص߶ǰס褵֣ģɲµģȥſơ
ԣǱȥˣʹȥȥģȥ£Ҳǲġ
ĸģֻȥſڿӴ̽һϢ£ûκϢ
룬ͷǺãСЩ±ȫԼΪϡ
˵ŽһӷŵĽ
ӶЩǺõģš
ĽԼǲգĸģûƴǡ
תĸܴʹܾͻʹſڿɲԼңɲ
ȻûҲ֪ɭϣСŮǸˣ֪ء
Ľ֣ĸģзִ硣
ʵĸ֪ǣʹԼҡ
ĽţſЩ빬ȥ̽̽ɵð褲Ҫģ˽·
ϻӹӴһ·˸
Ĵˡ
ϻظֱȥ˺Ժ
ǰԼĹӹ
ϻͻȻˡ
뽪ĸŮһ㶣϶ʱϲЦտ
ܵ׸ǰʵû°ɣûΪûӣ
˵Žϻ´һ˲Ű˼֡
û£ġ
ϻ˵ߵŵǰ
֪ˡͷڵ
ô˵ҲԼǲܣոձĸһŷʡԼȷʵпȫ
ϻ˶һţֵСӣȻôû˷֣ô֪Ǹ˴ٰ󡣡
ŻȨ۸ԼŮϻôޡ
һ²ŷӦǹԼûһ٣
ģ´ֱӴ޵Ȼɱڡ˵ŻԼϱȻһ¡


 44 

Ľع, һʹ˲֪, аͱų˹, С̫˵, ߵʱȽʮͳǬ
Ľ룬ܵô, û𷣽ǱϢ˹ûн鷿밲
ϾǰգԼӦ˸ʣع߶
ۻسа褣ЯصСԺ
ϻպϸϲĽʱһЩˣңǧ׺ڶվǽƿͷ, Ϊʱţûˡ
ǧգԭµ, ˬģƫƫգո߹ңޱȡ
, ˴յıɴ
Ľϸֿˡ
Ůڡ
ŮȥϸԺӴ޵
ǧһӵţĸŮƤҲû̧һ
ڶŮ죬ֹеĶΧǧ곤ΪĸͽֺŸѩ
޵÷ĸŮǰָδ޵պŸԼҲǣһź£ĸΪĹı
˼ǧкһĸŮ˼ûУ֪ǹҪŴĸŮʱ˼ƽϡ
ҲգŮһߣֻŽ׵Ķˣǧſ˽յ
ҲǳףǧֶŮģֻǰҪˡ
褣ǸСûдԺˣսˮϵʵ
˵꣬һӵЦ
Ĳֻˣڿһ˵ģ֪¡
ףԼ֮ǰǧ͹ˡ˵©˻
ԣתͷŮʲôʱ򴳽ˣߺʲô£
ĸ׵֣û£ĸײõġ
˵ţתͷΪֺǧԼһˮ
ĵֻʦүƷСٶ㲻ϣۿԼϾ͵˻ͣľͼ޸ѰѲ򵱸С檣Ϊ˲ƴͽǧ
СҲҪ˼ҵС
վΪңԺ󣬻ص۾գźһЩ˵տණԽٿտණ
褵Ļģ˵ʱûʲô飬ֻ˵ණʱ۽ɨһȦǧ
㡭ԣָ˵
ԼǸδ޵׹褾Ȼ˵Լ࣬ҪǴȥԼô޸˼ңȥүС˼Ҷࡣ
ЩһѽŮһץס֣һĸ׿ڵϣܺŮүȻƢЩͷ⣬ɲŮָ㡣
浱ԼǸˣǿиλţǧĵǴ󷿲Զˡץ֣Ȼ
бһۣҲǿ
ˣˣմϲӣͱˣɩõ˵㣬һСѾͷƽʲôףȥЦûѩɤӿڡ
գͲýźãĻһ̫̫ˣ󷿾ҪԲ˶ߡ
ղͬԼŮϲգѩȻϣո¡
䣬һӵĸæ͵ǰôǳ
ˣΪϼҳϱûС
ǡ
褸뿪ڽѵѵЩǽͷݣϲʹˣˣˣ׼ˡ
ѩԣæ˸ǧѺͷϣ˵˼Ҳת˼Ž׵ϡ
Ҷεĵȴʱκ󣬽ȴֻϲš
ǧץźңүͷأǸϽЩ
ϲŴһ
ǧֱһֽҿͷᡯһץϲŵĸ첲ʲôͷȣף
ѩ״æ߹ͷŮ¸ϣǧĸ첲ͷܽҵģϽϡ
ҡ
õ׵棬̧ͷ
ǧԽԽתϲźȥ߰Ҫǲ븮ңҡҾͲˡ
˵һƨϡ
ոջϸŰͽˣʱûһҿڰæ˵
ϲǰˣǿɲҵ
ϹȻ㲻ūȥūȥӸˣֻҺȰһ䣬ūȥ˰㻹үҲĵģ˵㲻Ըӭ׵Ķͷ׾Ͳˡ
˻һոյЦĸŮһȺˣֿʼҽͷ
ϲ˵žҪתѩ״æסӶв㣬Ų븮ӽϲҲһģһġ
˵ŽϲĺǧǧԸӣѩŮ֡
ǧֻ˲
ձǸسеˣ㲻ȥͷҪΪȫЦ˰ţʱԼЩס£˵룬ٳ㻹ܼ޶ãԺҶѡ
ѩһϯõĻ˵Ůֻͨ͸Щ
ǧź־úŲ鲻Ըֽ̧ӹ񣬸ϲȥǰ
ѩǧϲһǰµǰ֪үһȰ
ȻǬƢİӣ׾ǰ׽ˡ
ǰݱ˫ʱǬһֱţʵЦ
ӭ׶ڴſڣӾϲԸס
˿档
Ǭ෽̫̫ɫҲûõȥ
⼸շԸˣҪǧ޵°÷⡣
һΪðԼĳ⣬Ϊ͢ƿֺͺòͷ
˭֪սһ
ǧݱĸֳ͢˴š
ǬŮԼ²̨棬Ҳֻˣһǧ͵˴ſڡ
ǧ˻ΣǬﱾˮʱҲûԥһˤڵϣת˴š
ϵİҲû⣬ҪǸױţŲȢǧ
żȻϸ󷿵С褺ֻһ۱㾪ΪˣФҲ褡
ƵŮӽ촽ģϾۣԼ³лʱһҪг
۾ģʱһҪԼƵʹľ
ͺԼѹŵǸƵСˡ
һ֣ӭ׵𣬴ҡڵ뿪ϸ
صݺϲ磬Ǭʵʡ
۹ɨһԵĴĽ˵Ż
ǬʱĽϻ߳ͷƫƫϻ˵ʱ׸ȫһϹϾģ
뵽ԼձŮ˸ǰ档
Ǭ뵽ĽݣʱЦһ˭˵Լոѿ˾޷ȣϴŮȽϣ˭ڱЦԼ
磬˵Ҫ褵ķһ岮𣿡Ǭǰڡ
ϻͷĽ㻹ûʽ岮ǣҴһ
ǣš
Ů̬һԱȣһĶ⣬ȵǬۡ
磬Ľ㣬ŮǸ㿴ȫ񻰣̫ˣŲ׶ţ֪ҲǧҸѰЩģȻݵ£ôƢºͣԵ٣꣬Ȼˡ
ϻǬĴ̣ŽŮһǼˣֻǬһۣû
ȫոǬ˴̼Ӳѡ
˭֪ƽϣǬûŹˣոҼĽĽʲôš
ǬװżǲĽ֣תͷĽ
Ľδ⣬Ľ
ŶĽԲסԲ̫ãһЩѰ¼ǲס
ĽЦЦ޷ʹˣӲ⣬⡣
㡭ǬԣһúӶƮƮ
ܣĪһ˵ԺԸˡϻ״æԼСŮ
ǬŴĵģζ
룬ǬͷȻôŮ˵ǣŮ档
ƫҪĻ̌ͷ
ˣôŮô褵ķҲǬİŮ
˵ǬߵĽǰĽļЦŵţ͵ĺ񣬶ӡ̡
Ľ⡯һ£̫Ҫ˰ɣѵҪ˵Լ͵ʲô
ţ岻ؿϲͺáĽһ㿪ǬԼϵ֡
Ǭ
Լʲôʱ˵ϲ͵ˣҪġ
Ǭ𣺡ƶ⣬ֻĸҲûй㡣
䣬һȻ
һȻ඼С㸻˼ңٶʳǣýףôһֻĸ
̫ˡ
ϻԣתͷĽһۣԼԣʵ㵱һֻĸ
ĽģЩ飺Ȼֹ
ȷ
Ľ϶ĵͷԲֹġ
ϻ˿ûĽֻҪǾһֻͺá
һֻʵ̫趪ˡ
뵽ԼĽϻתͷʵҸĽأ𣿡
ĽһȭߣεĳصҿǴģֵͦǮ˿ϧˣȥ̵˸褻һκͼȹ
ϻգֱСŮͷκȹûӣԺԼ˵
ôܰѺˡ
ѾˣϻǿŭŮԲ
ǬĻֱҸȥ
ǬĽ˫һ̯㻹һֻļٹʵ̫ˡ
ϻԣһĲûվȡ
ҿĽۼֿסûˤ
ϻתͷĽһۡ
Ľֱֹʵǲֻһֻ治ǣֻ
Ǯϻܻڡ
˵
ϻվֱӣбĽһۣ˵ҵĽ֣Ǯ
ˣСӡ
һԵǰһִǬļϣ壬÷ˡ
ǬһѴԼϵ֣ǳûûС˵ôˣ
밡÷һֻˣ˵вж⹻ǲǾһֵֻǮ
ĽͷӦŴ˸磺ԣһֻ
϶룬һֻʵû취һֻ͸ǧõ񣬴ճһ˫ÿ
Ϊ˵Ľӹԭһĺģɼﶼѹһ飬ҲûʲôֵǮģȥֻֻĸŶˣģֻ¹Ǻܲģĺȡ
ĽҲ֪Ǽ˼꣬⻰ϸ˸ġ
ǬǸͼˣǲµĸ
˵Ľ˿ʵûĶͣҲǽľֵġ
ģ˵ʱҲûʲô飬ɬ
ƴͷԣǴҵģ㿴Ҷƶ
ϻһԷʵڲԼӺŮ
һȷʵףЩͬλϼҵŮ
Ȼ㸻󣬺ôҲʳǣŮڶѡ
ͬͬ飬˿Ӱ˶Ľ
ôǲŲҪ̫
˶ˣֻĽϻһߡ
߲һ㣬ԶĽ
ţؼҺ󻹵öԼŮܺ޵Ǹʲô⵰
ֻһֻ
ǬһĿĴﵽˣıҲͲΪ˵Ҫú˵£ֻһȴŮ
ԼôҲǰ׼ңʲôиϷŮ
ϽŰ岮һỹûȥ׼յĿƿߴٵ
ϻοڡ
ֻŮ˺󣬸ϽظȻҪһ١
壬ҵø硣
塣
òĸףĽݵ£ǸϷӣƤҲû̧һ¡
岮ﱲߵġ
岮

ϻĽһţ˶һȦ
һĽͽһ̬ʮ档
Щǰ褵ͬ壬ʽزǸЩ˵ģǸ褵ġ
һˣӦöǵģеû
ѹȫûаѴŮ
ǿɲϲԼݡ
϶ܣŮұȣ֮𣬻϶ܸáĸǬĿڡ
Ǭһ̹ˣϻװһһ
ɲһϵܣ˵ⰲӺϷôһСӾƤÿЩϧǸ˼̤ŮͲˣԺҪϮġ
˵䣬ϻĽǬԣ˶٣ǿʽܵǶ塣
Ľףһ塣
ˣ˶ˣλ岮Ҫ׼ƿҾʹŰȸˡˣϻͿڸǡ
һſɲܾôˣԼúúΪѴŮһ£϶үаףԼŴ˵ܿͲȥСʦүˡ
ţڵӦûҪ˸ͷʽ𣿡
ϻһæŮڽͣð׼ҲںЩ񡣡
ǬЦҲҪӣǵ˵ʲô⡣
ǣװƽĺóһһ͵֣ͱΪѳŮˣҵҶ֪Ǿһ¡
װûӦ˵ϴŮɵʽòҲ̫ѡ
û˵꣬ͼĽóһСӣ˫ַϻǰС⣬Цɡ
ϻһ㶣Ľӹ˫סӸǣ²СĶ˳
ʵ£ŮҲԼֻ๫ܴˡ
ϴ磬ʲôöģĽ汸񣬼ڡ
ͲţϷʲôö
⡭ðɣظԼ
ϻźӣĵ˵뿴Լ
磬ȻĽ׼Ͱش򿪴ҿһǶ֪ŮĲԣģʲôǶЦģҪ⣬⵽˾ͺã㿴һҲǸ˵ģٺܺϻдʵ˵滰
ϻԥǬֱ˵˾ݵģĪǴҲĽϲ̨棬ԲҴ򿪡
ȻǣŮõġϻһô
˵꣬־Լˡ
˫һ̯򿪿ʹ򿪿ֽҲϲ
ϻĬĬһ䣬ֻҪʵҵ
һȺ˲Ϊ˿ЦҲûԺжڴ
һ򿪣ϻһү
治Եһǰ̽̽󣬲ɵΧȥ̲ס̾
Ǻö
ӿûѺֵۣأ
ͨ͸
һʱ䣬࣬ѸոǬһԡ
Ǭ͵͵һۣԸͷ̫ɶҲ
ǰ
һĸոյͱˣĽ㲻˵ƶⶫģѵĹӣ˵ĳǽġ
Ľûʲô飺ҼȷʵƶֻѰСŻΪ˿ڶ࣬ǼҸղصСʲôϡ
վͿƿˣʱˣȻܱ¶
һĵ⻹ϡ
ŮĪǸɵӰɣ
һͼֵơ
ѵСӲʶﲻ
ƾ嶼ԼˣҪҲܼôƶ˼ңҲ֪ˡ
С鲽ŲĽԣʵʵҺ鲻ոյĻ˵ģ黳
Ľû˼бһۣû
СﻹûδȢֵܣҪҲԡ

ĽǲҲǿ壬岻壬ֵֵǮνҪϲƶŮŮųԵͷ


 45 

һΧϻ, е, ϻ״æСĹ˺ӡ
᲻, ֡
λ, ʱˣǼˣҲ򿪸ǿ, ҴСȸˡϻӣǡ
ûԼ˰ɣ
˵ţϻתĽڣ岮Ǹǡ
˷ֱվϻߣؾصĹ˹֡
Ȼ̤ϸ
Ľ·ʱ˸ո˵£ҪʵûֵܣʹһЩҲ޷
Ľס
ϻͣ˽Ųûתͷ, ˡ˵ʹŶȥ
õģˡĽæӦ
Ȼû, 첽ȥ׷
аϸһǽ˺ܿͻصϡ
뽪ǧϲų˹뷿󣬾Ļ˸
ĸŮԺ˵强ϻ˽Ժ, ӭȥүɫô̫ãʲôˣ
ߵĽԣҲһǣĽļ磬e˓eͷĶ˶û£ġ
ϻĺӣСϣȻһԣ˿ŮͶӡ
룬תͷ˵ֻô£ôһֻ
һ̧ͷһĿԼ״ˣѽңô֪
ϻһӣǳ˵ҾͲûйϵ
ӣΪԼֱСŮ
ؼǣŮǵʥϵĶӣ˽ӣʮӣҲҺ
뵽Ľ͵ֻĸϻ־úЦ
ȻһҲʲôöϻҲýɵ²̫׵ǵýѵѵС쵰
Ů⣬ֱӵģϸ·ϣϻˣɱӺС
һ٣ŻŻŮ
ϵôһʵˣû뵽ͷԽԽͨһ۾ͿǵļıΪ˲Ƥࡣ
̬ȳϿҵĵðɣֻµĸȷʵҸ⣬֪ˣһҪƿҪ侲ҽղܴ̼ģǸӰһܾͰԭ״Ԫɴˡ
ϻԽԽ١
ԼɱӺôôСŮԺҲͶӰ㣬ԽԽס
û뵽ôˣϻСӣԼġ
ǰ£Լϣ쵽ãһϡ
Լ׼һӵ˵ǣô죿
ˣֲֻһˡ
һиױɻͱζ
Ѿͷô˵ģǰˣֲһ˸ɵģ๫Ҳзݡ
һԼ¸类𷣣ȰοҪ羹ȻҪֵϡ
̫ˡ
˵ŲǵһǸ㣬Ļ⡣
ûУûĵСѾͷ˷ֳ
һȥĶ죬ϻԼ岻ϻ
ֻתͷŮ˵µֳ⣬⡣
ϻˣŶӵŮСӵ⣬ŮҲõ˵
ԼͿ˳˵˵СŮ
Ͼ⣬лϻǻʳӣ۰ڣҪպСŮôסҪԿ
ʻĽ˹֡
ûĽԿ˿ȵڣ÷ʵʵ˵ģǲġ
˵꣬Ľգգۡ
СӣԼ˼ɣ
ţĽ⣬Լ޹أܴܲŮҲæš
Ҫ˵Լ⣬·𿴵Լף׷ԺܵĻˡ
Ľһжû뵽˸羹ȻҪһ£ȻԼͳȫܹһ⡣
ǵͷֳģҶġ
÷Լ˼ļüŪ۵ĳĽЦЦֻܴĸ첲ϣֵܡ
ϻСӵԼ棬ֹ֪ʲôһɤӣ
ĽæתϹϾڡ
ôֳĳµô¡ϻСӸոյһ£ת˸⡣
Ľ褳׺󣬽֪ĽҲԣͶĽңĽѣҲ˺üµģϻ֪ġ
˵СӲȱŶԡ
ֳȥŪʱŪۻ
һæ㿴Ҿ˵ǸĻ⣬ҷûϵ
ôûϵˣҳģֻټģüһֻͦɣ͸ʱûٺ١
˵ţ뵽Ǭӹʱı飬̲סЦתͷϸһɱڵĿԼű첻ҳ
÷治ףԼʾôԣʵʵ˵Լϣãʵʵ˵ˡ
Լգգôã۾ˡ
񣬵ã廰׼һӿĵĻҲûл˵ڵϻŮǳ
תͷһ룬նҪƿҲ̫ȻϻҲûԶӿƿϣ
ңĸͶˣԼظŰСһҲ޼¡
תԽһԸȥԺ׼ЩʳͰùٻȥ
˵ֶڣȥ鷿顣
һȥ飬ȥǰļͷЩͷۣų
ȥȥϻ˶һۣͿڡ
һһùĽտƿ֮£ûڲ̫ãĴ˻ؼҵ
ĽСԺаЩԶĽߵ࣬ѳϷչһЩȥ֮ãգպáţ˸˹
彫͵ſڣŮҪչ˺ԼȻɿ֣
ӶԽϽȥɣЩ͸ȥ
ãҺͺãŰܻظŮĸ̫࣬Ů᲻ˣæֹ
нԶֱӰˣת˸
ϣбĽϣ磬㵱ĸ͸ˡ
šĽһָ褵ͷӦһ
Ǹ׼𣿡
磬ûôЪϢʵ۵ýֱӽͷĽϡ
ɫ־ԼϣŴСĿ
ֻһŷ۷۵Ĵ棬˵ʱСһһϣһ˿Ц⡣
ĽһֱӶ죬̰
ԽףԽ٣褸оԼˣĽŴ뿪˽һ𣬶ں
ĺ׼ȥˣӺӡ˶ͷŶͷǼűǼ⣬Ľż˻ơ
תͷ褵ĶԼ褣Ҷˡ
˵꣬ҧҧĶ
Ḷ̌˵ʱ³˿˿Ĵ褶ϣŪġ
ȻͻȻһҧ
褸оϺһů̲ס˲
粻ҪأĽ
˽ûڣΪˣĽ˵ʱ褾Ҫʲô
ڼʱԺֻˣݵϣһĽݣ˶Թ
ֻҪҪ褶
ϾԼҲá
£û£뵽һһᣬü
ǣˡ뵽ϳˣﻹǷŲ
Ľ§סϸԼϡ
ֿʼֵ£
ҪôסԼȫš
ĽСӾǿС˼Ƭ̣һĻصΪǸӡ
ӣ褰Űɣôôɡ
ţţԸ㿴
˵ƿɿ죺ǲ
ӽԼӦġһ
Ľ·齩סˡ
ΪԼӦһȻûļͷѾо쬵ģ룬һΪԼӦһӲˡ
㿴Ҿ֪ƭҡԣĵԼ๫
ԣжںŮӣ֪ģȹŻͷʱ֪λﲻ򵥡
ӲƴӴ飬㣬λпܱǽĶӸŮˡ
Ϊ飬һԼĳɫӷɿתһȦŲȵİ취
ͻȻһתͷ֣
ָ̧ڵĶת˼ȦָһһϵıȻš
ȻȻӣЦˡ
㿴˵
̽ͷűȻŵĴ
Сһ治ĿڣΪʲôֻܡѵˣǸưͣ
ĽҲû룬ͷͣԣǸưͣҲϷЩӻ
˵ĶԻǸడ
뵱ƵˣԺҪﵱ˶֪໹ԼƤ
֪ԼҪǼװһӾ͵ðԼƤ
ֻװ褵Ļ
̧ʾǰС
Źתͷ
ǰУĽշ³ͬʱһֻһ褽Լ
ҧҧ´Ǽ
褷֣ƺԼ´жӣϲҧﶺŪĶʱҲŹ
ǡյģ߹ңϣ褲Щòס
˵䣬ȹѾ⿪Ľպû£ͣһһ·
˵ţ˫ֹԼĲӡ
ʼС޻ЩưЩŲĽ֪˶д
Ƭ̺󣬾û˷ʼ
֪ϳǸжģ褻ԼĴԼ
ڳƽ̹Ĵ˿ӿݵĴ·
ʻһˮӺ͹ʯʱ
˶ȻĽϡ
һϵøӽܡ
ȹɿ壬ͬ裬صڸǲס
Ľֺţϳһһ۰
ʵ̲ס̵Ľг
ŮӵЩǻʱЩ֧顣
治ϴ졣
һ߹һ˿ûͣµ˼


 46 

ֱͣסСԺǰ
ĽŲ褴ȹ
Щ, ôòȥ, һ»ᡣ
Ľ, ߴϵĶЩ
ԭҪԼִµ, ˭֪Ľǲã˵Ƿ֮֡
ָ޳Ƶϵʮ, ϵúָЩȹ
ЦʲôֲʲôûˣҲԩǡ
㡭ԽԽˡ
뵽ո˽ʱԼ˵ĻһһǿƵĹӵأֱмܲסֻڡ
˫ϵĺλδȫȥ뵽Щ棬Ӷʼ̡
Թ, ĽСŮ˵
Ľ§סȦԼ˫յ鷢ôֺˣ
, װϽ֣Ҫ³
ƿæ˸ľӣ㳵ϵʱš
Ľһ³, Ȼתַ褣һЩ
褽һ̲סһЩˤĽۼֿסŽס
Ȼ褷ӦĽֱ
õ褶𣺡ԣ߲͸߷ǿ
Ųãִ̧˴Ľţ磬أ
ڶӿ˵֣𾪣ոڳڵĶСȻҲ֪Ůö۰
ֻû뵽ӾȻԳƷˣλѾǶˣ
Ľ褵Ļ֪СƤӱ˴һֵۣͷû£
˵ŴǵԺ
һۿãһҲΡ
ڶԼѾӼưˣѲɻҪԴ˫۱ɸϹӣӲ⡣
Ľ褽ԺֱŽŵϣȻԼ齱ߣ褾Ŀ磬㡭
ĽССЦˣ̧褵򦣺ҶӷŵˣӾΪ
ԣ褽סԼǰȹҪˣҪ˯һᡣ
˵ţɿñסӡ
Ľһ㶣С̲סЦˣǾҷŹ㡣
˵褵ֱ֣ŵԼߣһ£ڣ˾˯һᡣ
㻹Ҫţתʵ
ţҳȥһˣðϷȥܿͻ
˵褽ᣬŲ뿪
Ժ⣬ӽȥôã뵽ոճϵĶ
ĵѵӻûˣ
Խݺֲһˣ
뵽ܣɴҸط׼־ս
£һ˫ɫѥӾͣǰ̧ͷһ顮ᡯһ
׹֣ӡ
Ľһ̧ۣͷ
ú󣬲ӵͳɤż͵ձֲظ
˵꣬Ľ
һԼּˡ
Ĵлӡ
ԼѾͶӵƽˣټӵĻǱȶӵõӶࡣ
ţܸ꣬ȢϱӾ͹ˡ
ԼһҪٽһĵİװʲôԢⲻõ£һñֵ
ԸἺΪˣԳеʹࡣ
ĽӾþδüߣ
˿ûиոնʱͣŵڳ룬ȢϱӵĴһ顣
æߣߡ˵ţĸһӡ
տٵǰʼɱ
ȥʹĽ
ǣӡסͷȥʹķ
һ·ϣĽĥţվҪƿʽմԼ빬Ϊ˺£
ƿĲ˵ԼϸøʹĿ˵
ƻȫ⣬ֻǿƾٴһбס
ڣǸ˶꺮ѧһһĿ
׶ڣҪ˴漰ȫǻᳯҰ
Ľ鷿ʱڿһˡ
ڵŵ̫æǰ񣺡ūżӡ
񡣡
֪Ľһϵģ̫ŵӣūת
ǻʵ۵޹иϰʱһ㲻޹ĽЩ⣬Ҳûж롣
תҪ뿪̫ūŲ˹ϲӡ
Ľһɱϣ´Ӳˮ֪ԼͲǸرõˣ˶Űʱ
Сһ˫ż󣬿Լʱ·ǰĹ㣬˲ܸʯĳеͶ
̫ģ˵رóģĽûġ
ϲ֮У
ĽĲ̫ͣһ㶣ǻ֪
սսصգʥּ⣬ĸΪʹ浡
ԭŶ֪£̫Ŷϲû뵽ӾȻһŲ֪
̫໰䣬Ľûٿڣתķ򣬴ȥ
ڵʱǺ֡
ʡ
ţɣ̧̧Ƥڡ
ŵıʣûз¡
ֱһʻ䣬ŽʷŻ̨ϣֽ˴ī
誶Ρ
Ľǰһֻֽۣдһ㡯֡
ʵ֣ȻǼõġĽģκ
誶֪Ϊƫƫд֡Ŷӡ
ޱ֪⡣
㣬ȴιʳ֧ӣŲ㹻߱ˮǧɽ㣬ศɣֱ˴ˣȱһɡ
Ľûгġ
誶ֵ㣬ˡ
ʸԼǸ㡯ʱĽ֪Ҫ˵Ļ᲻֪ʵ˼
ֻΣҪԼʲôꣿ
ƾٰ
һЩ˿Ǻйأ˼ԱТӣδֱ٣ӴҸԼܻߵӣ
ڵҪԼһĵز
ϣӵˡĽ˼ʱֵС̫๭ӽ

Ƭ̣űףڹ˵Ĵ˽
ʡ
Ʋ˴һۣɣ⼸ս淴ʡ
̷˼ˣǶƣˣԺһʹǰǣʵһ㣬Ϊʷǣ츣ա
һϯ˵ʮֳϿң˵͵͵˿ı顣
ʵǲټˣϿȥǼŮˣζˣ
ĬΣϣ̧ۿ˿ӣ׶㿴޽Σ
˵ְѣոĽǸ֣ס
ӶǣҪٱˣһҪøʷԼȥȻ/һʱڸǰԼٳûڰĸʱԼ군ˣ
ʵ֣ˮһǳɣѰʵ򰵲طâ
һͨƨģʾ֭Ŵʼʱ
ˡ
׸޴ʣĵ̬ȣǲá
誶
ڡĽʼһı飬ĥ͸˼
ޣո˵Ļɼסˣ
ˡĽЦ˵˵ȥֻһ˼
Ҫ£Ҫס
ΪҲãΪֵҲա
һԼ֮ǰ˵Ļ
ǣͲסʣû£
һƲĻŵ˵ԽԽͣͷ
ǰԼŽգʾͱˣ
׶ո㲻˵Ҫ޷ǣտƿȥ࿼رԱһ㣬ʵһ㽲ûİá
ĻһڣĽµ־ճȭս
ſڡžһ죬մ׹ˤķѵڿտĵڣ̶
תͷܽһɫͷϲߴŽսʱ͵βһãȻվڵſڡ
ԭŵĲһأð˿˿װĴŸӵڵ߰˿顣
ܽغమЯ߹ʮ꣬ȻǺŮܱȵġ
ңҲǼŮˣ鷿Ǭǰµĵط⣬ط޵ЪϢ»ȵأܽضɳ룬ͨ
ĸĽ״æǰסܽص֣ϸһ£ȷûţ˿
ܽ촽΢΢ζ飬Ľǿڵĸû°ɣ
һᣬܽزŻعһҪӲ˻ȥһĨЦĸû¡
˵꣬Խӣһһߵüÿһࡣ
ͺ޸޸ԼİˣҲʮȻúࡣ
檸ողϵĲˣ˻ϣˡ˵žҪ
׼״ֹٽ顭
졣ǳ˵ֽ̧ܽط
֣޷޾ٺȣֻǰն˶־ͺã˼ʮ꣬ôȶȲ塣
మʱ˵ҪΪһ
ˣʮһգʺְ֮ͳ󹬣Ҳûе
ܽ״İִأü˳۵Ϊ檲ۡ
׿ܽأоʵۣҪԼĸŮ˵ķݡ
ռĸԭеĳ谮ĸ󹬣ź֮׵λãޣֻһʺķŶѡ
׿ߵһǣŮ˻Լλ
ƫƫʶŮá
ܽˣЦʹˣֱӵʺˡ
ʣո˵Ҫȥӿƿ£Ϊ˴ˣŮװģĹʣֱӿڵ
𣬻û˵꣬ͷܽصȻعȥ޻Ҫ飬Ъ㹬
檸ˡܽЦЦĻص
ߺ󣬵ֻʣ¸ˡ
תͷӣ޵˼ǣƾٵļ࿼Լ֮£誶ȲҪˣհ뿼ȡεͷи״ԪɵݣЩӣ·Ըȥ졣
ʣƿ֮һֱǻʵڲ飬ͻȻתҡҲȥھܾ
һ϶µ̯ӣԼһܣǳֺá
Ľûгֱתͷڻ誶
żѶ˶ʰš
ƫĺӣû˵Ȩ
ԣЦˣû׵ĻĽãϽȥ׼ɡ
ʣҡײġ
˳һۣȥȥȻͽһӡ
ʱĩĽųĵš
뿪ʱ׻ڹ
ΪҪƿĲ֣׿鿼д·Լα⿼ܳ١
Щ˼µѪϺԼݿƿʵĥġ
ȷһʧ󣬲ųʱ˵ʥϣĸʡ
ʤ¥ǻʹ߹¥
ܽһվڹ¥ϣĿŶӵıӰ
ֱĽչʤţҲ̼ȻһСڣѾԶˡ
յ֪̲㱻˵ӵϷ̣ˣܽһС£Ľ˻Լߡ
ĽϷʱ̾ͻعܽأҪϷʱŻ
֪ոӻ޹ɫͲãڵķԼĻδţܵġ
Ļ
ܽŹŶ뿪ĵطĿƺúԶȴЩն
̣ʹװÿ𣿡
̵ͷÿÿģﴩŶׯǺÿ
誶µѪġ
ûܽصĻ׽ӣֻţ֪Ȼսλ֣ﲻġ
ҵ誶ûлӵڹҵҵʽ£ҪˣµŻѪЩ˵Ͳƾ֮誶˶˼˲֪᲻֪
ֺˣƲ׺ˣֻһͿԹɣ誶ˣҶӼµѪҪװ׹ˡ
ܽԽ˵Խ̧ͷץͷݵβݺڵϡ
ʹҲϡϡ
æֹץĸ첲ﲻҪҪǴ϶鷳ġ
ܽһˮЩۣ̣ۣʱҵ誶̵ָװԼĶѪˣܿһҲôġ
׾Ͳҳһǣϣᶨ˫ȫ֮࣬⳯øܡ
Ŀ࣬ĲʣĲҪô졣


 47 


Ľ, żСڲ÷ʱ, ûгԶ, ʱˡ
ȥϽڵС, ֻ㿾Ѽûгһ·д̻ʮС
һԴ信, СƵƵͷ
صСԺʱѾȼһյĽվ涢Ļ⿴˺һᣬԼ飬̧˽ȥ
ڣ˫ſϣϤĽŲ˫һ˳תͷ磬ˡ
˵Ľĸ첲Цü䡣
ŷֿʱ, ʱоֿ˺þã֪䣬ԽԽ̰һʱ⡣
ĽĶ, ϣһԵС§Լ
褶ûҴϲĿѼð, 쳢
Ľսʱŵζ
˵ԼϲĿѼСѾͷȲ򿪰õֽ濾ѼƬһСһСģɫƣɢ˵㡣
һϺõ⣬ŵĽߣ硣
ĽҡҡͷҲ褳԰ɡ
Ҳεüã褻ƣ
û˵ִĽ߷£˫ſȥ˹ǣѼ⻹ðȥͷ׾١
Ȼִȥùǵ⣬͵ĽߣҾҪԡ
Ľһ㶣һĨЦ졣
˶״ѼιŹ𴽽Цˡ
Ҳԣһ˾Ͳóˡ
褵ͷһŵĵͷóԡ
Ľ˫ۣĸֻСèʱı飬ȥһ롣
Ŀ˫ֽ§ڻͷľѣͳ˿ο褣㡣
һ㶣ͷ˲䣬ᡰšһ
һԶ㣬ԾԶа褡
֪Ϊ£˵޷ο
ΨһģǼᶨִվԣηꡣ
ĽԣľЦЦСӶǰ鷢оǱҹƭų׵ģ룬Ҳõİ褡
ʱСﶼ֪ô£ͱŵûˣĽ룬Ϊֹᡣ
Ҫûа褣Ҫô
ԼĻ̲ס߱
ͲʲôˣͷûйÿÿͷܳʱԼᱻһ
ôǹƭҪƭҲҹƭ磬ϾС㿡Ρ˵ţѧĽƽŪԼӣģ̧򦡣
ĽװȻӵԭһֱ̰ͼΪɫ
˵գ˴Цһᡣ
ԭ˫ֹĽϣͻȻӹŻŻĽ
ĽΪСѾͷûץȣæֲ̧֣ס
ĵ˺ǰһ褼״磬ˣ
Ľһ㶣գû£ԼСץƤѡ
褶ץסصָ֣ļָӡһºۡ
˵û£˿ô
Ľۣһţ褣۵ģѣʵֻ˵ƤҲۡ
˵ţ뽫ء
褽ץסֹ֣Ķżŭ𶯡
˵ţ׾ƺɴ
Ľǰ
üʮһ˿ŭ⡣
Ľԣ֪СЩǲٿڣ֡
褽ɴð׾ŪʪһץĽ֣ȻһĲãΪѪ
𣿡˿ϵѪЩˣòȻ˿ϲѪϴɾŪ漴̧ʵ
ĽСӣЦЦۣһ㶼ۡ
ԣ褵ͷּһ˿ڣָӡġ
ֱ⣬ԼԼݣǻ飿ʲô£
ʣֲҿڡ
粻˵һĵοԼ
ʼյͷĽı飬ֱһŹ̵ᡮžһ£ġ
Ľоĺ˾סƽӡ
ſ壬ŮһžѾ档
褣ޣҲ۵ġһӵ
û˵ֱ̧Ӳ˲ᣬһŸɾɴ˿ϣð׾ȥ
µ˲䣬˿ϣĽûס˻һ
˵𣿡Ŀڡ
ԭڹʱĽûоۡ
ظң˿ڱϴɾıĵطѾЩѪģź֪ԭԼôء
ˣҲδоʹֱǰŮǿġ
ȵˮʱ·ˮͣƵۡ
۵ģסˡ
ûĽԹԵֿڼ´βԼԼ㡭ҪϴθļҶһһپͺˣܴԼҵ԰̳ġ
˵û棬˿ûЦ˼
˵꣬ס𣿡
Ľͷ˵ĻҶˡ
ǰŮӣʼ۵ĶԼˣĵĶԼ۲ۡ
ΪζˣԼԸᣬտڲʡ
İ褣á
գҲҪȥμӿƿ褿𣿡
ԣһ£˵ſ𣿡
·ϣĽ˽ڣҲûص길ұˣҲǲ֪
ǽվϢûй׷ʡ
Ľƣ뿴ʵۡ
͡

ֻžĽŲһ
ڶգϴ
գȣա
ϴãĽҳ˱ͺʵһЩĳװá
ˣֽĸһˡ
Ľæǰæʰװӣһůߵ§ס褵ƿնѣģ׼ҪҸϳȥ£
ƿÿһҹһ徭ѡ⣬˹ģڶ࿼ٳᰴ飬ʣٻ漰⣬ӦĶԲߡ
һĶ㣬Լûûװûˡ
ĽԼӺˣˣӰ棬ݺһڣ
褼Ϣһۣöˣ۵ûյû
һһЦĽֳɵĻҩ
ıԹû˵꣬Ӿڿձᱧ
֣յȥƿ
ʱ仹硣
˵ţͱݣ׼ȥʱԺ⡣
ռڿ죬ԭĳʱųîʱ͵ˡ
ԺѾȼ⣬ŶǶĿƾ֮£Բô磬ҲûƿСԺΧţȥ
Ųһ磬
䣬ѾߵſڣնͻȻ˵Ҫѿ뿼Լȥ׼
ô磬ҪҲЩϸڡ
ײڻĳ
ʱμǣԼжǸСư͡
ŮӾֵĿԼԼ絶ӰͶʱֺ̧ұȻһͨԼ⡣
ҪôȻ˼Ϳӵˡ
褿ֻ̧ͷĽ磬˵ʲô
˵ʱ仹磬ǲҪżûĶңûҲߡ
Ľɫ˵ϹСӽʹ˼˵һʱ褶ߣֻüص˵Ǹ֡
˵ƭˡ
ûƭ㣬
褰ŰɵĿſڵˣƴͷΪ˱ʾĽ͵Լ룬Ͱͷľҡ


 48 

ʱ, 褽տƿҪ׼Ķ, һ, ȷû©, ˲
ֻǿ뿼סᣬղʽʼԡ
˲δ̫ż
, ĽֻȥƿԼ࿼ݣҲٲֿƿ£ֻרĿƿ״Ԫɵͷ
֮⣬Ҫ¶ݡ
Իӵݼ࿼룬ĽҲ֪ƾٰһ壬Ϊ࿼׹û¶˶Ļм
Ĺٱ¼ʥ, һǰձ¥ĻȻֵһᡣ
˵һΣеڶΡ
Ľ, ҪԼ¶ݿƾٵĿģҲ׼ԼΪ¡
ԼĹ˳µϻλ
Ͳ˵׵п, ޹λ
ϣִ򿪰鿴һû©µĶ
Ľ׼ĶյıյĳۣͶռ˿޵ĳ¡
Բʱ䣬Сļˡ
褷ģһŬ״Ԫɡ
·һ٣ЦԣǣҾģ״ԪɣҲÿ״Ԫɡ
˵꣬Լ˵ѹ̫󣬼겻ǣҲǵġ
ʱ뿼ţſڣʱ
˳ŵʱ磬ֳҲǽ뿼յȥ˳а
аЩʱ㱻ͣ
ƿаǰΧ˲ˡ
褱𼱣ôȿô¡Ľ״żæڰ
ֲ˵Լȥɣ褼״סſȥ
Ľæ󣬻
߽ſףԭճ޵ǧմŷΪֳƿͼ
δջգûȥ
ͷʮ㣬ѾСжʮˣ̧˼Ӽ
ǧظݻƽΪ滹鴩һģ
ζǻƽƵĸ󻨿ͼ
ǧֳϿӣҲͬڲࡣ
յĲŲͬհͬңǧ˵ûŵӣǽȥǶ˵Ե
һͷûнȥƢǧͷȡ
ҹ»ҹԭǿȢŮǲġ
˺ͷǧɫңܺýõԭվӡ
Ź˰ںŮ˶һ˿Ȥ
ΪǧҲŮһ㣬ܻӭĲܰ°ˡ
û뵽Ůˣƻ𣬶һĻ١
վţţŵ˶ԹһʱǧÿһС
˯ŮӣϾˣʵܲסˣſڡš
ͬ齲ʱǧ˵Ŵ//Ļ
ʹ˸ĹԼ
ϸŵڲҲңһűʫĴС㣬Լ˼ˣҡ
;˷ܣǧȻɫǲ˵㣬ڷϵıֵðĿ࿴
ȨƲ󣬵ԣ㣬ԴȱŮˣЩ꣬Ůӣ˸δСﶼ
ǧһδμݺġ⻹ͷһ
ϷŵÿЩ˸Ҳûǧȫ޹˼ɣնׯˡ
еͶ󣬾ԼֻŮ˳ϡ
º󣬰ѾǧѹեõʱŮ˾Ȼͷٴ
ǧϣշġ
ӣ۲ۣ˵ţַ̧ǧҪ
Ľյϸſڣϸļӻûļ
ǧ˼ûգԸȣԵ뵽˵ģͽʱ׵ĴֻֿʼЩ˷ܡ
ۣź๫ֻۣ๫㡭ʵ̫ã˼ҲԲʱӹ񱻲Ƶġ
˵ţĿڰϡ
Ǹ˲ϲԼϱµģǧĻС죬ҹСԼװŮϡ
ζǲ˵ĸо̿ˮС˵֣Сү㡣
ŰֱɵĻǧδ˿߳ܣβŤŤ˼ҡˣүþ
˵ţһֱȴڰϣ˵ʱȫңүҪǧֻҪүˣҲδɡ
ץסףͲţԼʹײסֻ֪Ĵ
ٴӽʱԼر̬ǧ֪ˣԼϵĻʮ⡣
ĸ˵û˶Ǵ˼ģֻҪԼź̹ˣ
ⲻʱԼֻһ죬źԼ޲ֳŲʱү˵ˣҪظһ¡
ȷʵ̹ˣҲ֪ӭʱû븮ȷʵǧ棬Ϊ˽ϸʱ棬ֲһ
ǧҲǸ֪˵ģûһֱųʱĹţϴӰϸһ·ͶұĶð̹һ·
ֱԺ¶
ҲֳͿѽǧͻȻһƲռȺǰ׼벮褣̧
תͷЦŵͷԣ͸硣
Ǵͥ£Լǧȥֻ˵󷿽̵Ů
ѽ㲻˵˵ҿӽкĳһȦȥһѽ߹۰ɣ˵䣬ǧѾȲ
ò״ѿĻᣬɲŹ
û˵ǧĿһֱԵĽϴת
ǧĿ֪ѾˣһǸϷӣСˡ
Ȼ˳ÿЩһǴͨҲûС
ǰ̣ɫСˡ
Լ򦣬ҪϼöԼһɫһ˵Լǿ֮
褲ǧֻ߸˵ĽͷȥǸ˸ӡ
ҽ㣬ҼŽȥֳͲˡ˵꣬褱׼ת
ǧǰװȵ褵֣뿪
⡭ǵ˵㣬ôˣǿͣôҲ֪ظҪ˫״Щ񣬲˵ö٣һҲΪŮ⡣
ǧ˵ţתһԵ˵˴ҵ󳵣ȥЩãһݵʱҲһЩ
Ȼ㡭ƶЩеҪеģҷմö࣬һ
ǧ˵Ľһۣ뵽ĽԼĻͺޣȻԾƣԼҪúòһˡ
ĽĿһֱͣϣ·Լڡ
ԱԼ๫һ˫۾ֱֱĶ褣ҪĽˣǰһĿ⣬ĿⶼҪ褡
뵽ģ̌ۿһĽ
һϴʣû簲һ㴩ͷڣһվŲۡ
ƾʲô褾޸ϷӶ
֪Լý㲻⣬ԼľѿЦԸˡ
һĿǧԼ첲ϵ֣ĿڣˣýǸ屸ģңû
ûϵұö࣬ʱֱߵؤҲȥһЩ㶫ǰ˵ʲô
ǧŤ֫Ļص
ҵʲôöԭؤĶ͸ǧҲ̫ˣ÷͵ǸӣûŰɣҿɸ㣬һӵļֵֵǮ
ҡڵĴӲ߳Ķǧڡ
ϻͽҲ˳
һʱ䣬Ǭ򸾼̫̫ȫˣӵ͢Ҳϸ˳
ҸŲһǽ֮ţȻſײˡ
ֳǧֻݺݵһۣת̫̫ȥ
Ͼڳöļӣܶ˰Ƥƽ̫࣬ԵԼ̫û
ĸǧǰ˸
̫̫ſڵ棬⣬ն棬ȫʰˡ
Χ۵İô࣬գſڵķͻᴫ÷зʱһ廹Լһ֦
뵽⣬̫̫ЦŵͷȰǧ֣ϸڵĹĸûа㣬ƾˣǸϾȫϲˡ
̫̫ζ͢ƿ˱еϸܲܳ׷Ϳһˡ
һ⣬ֻϴһС
͢ȫ˶̫̫ټһһһ伪黰˵꣬ȫҲҪһͣͲûѺԺֻһǣˡ
ȶߵų󷿾ˣֻϻػĸ
ҲҪ꿼褸ĸףĽҲǽպ͸һͬƿ弤÷ȷϡ
褵ͷǵģԭҲΪ꣬ǹ
ԣüǶûѧ⡭񲻰װ˷˻ᡣ
뵽˵пܻŮģ弱æĿڣûϵǽ͵ȥϤûҲ¡
ϻһԿԼżģֻ
ǻϵ˽ӣǲô࣬ɵ˻ԼҵĻСܲС
һԵǬŽĻΪ˵ûкﳰɩͲǶϣҲв˵ģϣϾҲ־ڳãȻҲᡭ
ĻǬû˵꣬˼Զ
̫̫һİѱѺڶϣҴӽյ·ǧ͢ȷʵȴһ˫ŮϢöࡣ
ԣǬĻ̫̫ûгֻۿŴһҡ
˭ȺȲֲõġ
ޡ
ӣһ㿼˳һ·
뱬ƢķϻͿڴϡ
͵ˣЩɻ䣬³žͳֶԶӿƿǸõͷ
ϻ䣬ϸǰ͡ž˱ڣ˻ú첼˺ż飬뿼УϼҶ٣֮޵С
ȴ𺳣Χ۵Ķûİա
үرȺʼŴָָ㣬
ͬһϽĹ󷿹˵Ǹѧӡ
˶أ˵˸Ϸӣʲô˼Ҷȣ
ɱ˵㿴үҲȴ󷿵ĳϢ˵үҪڸˡ
ԭǸǲܹСĲˣ
ȺﲻСۣϸףһ˿ۡ
ʲôʱ𣬸׵ıʼеˣ񻹱Լôһ㡣
ǸŰӣʮ׷ԼܵĸףʱͷϾȻ˼׷
¸ܣϻԿ˿ģһظȥǰ㼸㣬һлеġ
ϻˣԼҪͣղܴС˵
˵꣬ԼҲòԾ룬ֵȻ룬ҺͰȥϸ͢һһоٵʤ㻹ǴһЩԲԣ


 49 

Ϳֻܽضļϵ, İݸĽ, ֲĵĶ, ҪչԼ, ˾ͺã̫ɼ
ϵĸԺҪʱ褲ź͸ĸ뿪
, ⼸հڣһ˻ؼסʵڲģȻ⼸վͺһظסŮڡ
褵ͷЩЦЦãõպҺ͵һӸ;硣
˻о磬ͷҪ֪Ů˵̵
ĸ׵Ļɵĵ˵ͷ
һԵǧĸŮ̸
Žȥסģ̌װźĶԸѩĸףҾͲһȥס, Ůǹⲻȥ
ѩƳһ۽褣תͷŮǼûˣסĵطƫ, ĸңǰӵصģĸȻ㣬, ĸһҰСܱȵģԺ˵עЩԼݡ
忴ŸѩĸŮһһ͵ģͶµûţĿǧһۣ褵֣˲ûĸŮ
ص󣬽ѵ¡
һֱŶӿƿ֮£æͷתͻȻȻЩϰߡ
ĸŮŮ褳ǰסСԺƷŲ衣
ҲЩˣôӻû
ŮÿλظŮԣȻҲͲÿʡ
ʱѵֻĸŮˣû˹˼ɣֱ˵Ŀڡ
Ƥӱͱ֪ԭҪ£뵽ճǰͬ˷
ң뿪ʱһδģһ뵽˫ԼƦƦĿԼĳ褶ʱӶڷ̡
ô˵ΪʲôûУô֪Խ˵Խͣһ˫ֽק־ꡣ
Ҫﴫʹ㿴ǲ̫ˡ
嵣ǵĿŮ
ûʱܼ޵úãˣŮôûֿʼļ
ȻŮûкܶܶǮҪŮкܶܶİĸȣֳ裬ŮТ
Ůһ˳ϲ֡
ãӺأ㲻Ҫ˵²ܼġ
һ֪Сﻹ£˿ûŮϡ
˿ȽϷģϴλе˸㿴ģ˵Ͱ޸ôãܶӻûģѵǰ⣿
˵ŽŮƽ̹Сֹ
һĸ׾ȻɾӲУ褼ˡ
ϴΡʵŪˣҺ;ǰûз֮ʵԼŪˣҲ֪ʲôͬΪҺ
褻û˵꣬ѾŮ˼̧㲻ʲôͬô֪Լˣ
Ǹ˵ŮһҹͻУΪһʲôҲҲỳС
褻䣬߽ݵϻԣážһԵӣ嵽ԣԣֳĺŻļ޸ĽСӣ
褱ͻȻֵĸһĸŮ˵强ôҲˣ
ʶԼЩŮˣϻ̧ۺӣʵҲǸյ
һŵĵ˵ͷ
ŮһĻɣϻǸյûжӺĸŮ˵
褿϶ĵ˵ͷԼٲţһżԼոպĸ˵Ļظһ飬ȻԼ˵ЩһҲû
뵽Ů˶Ӻ˵˵ż޸˻ϵ˽ӣϻúӶˣС˵ȿƿˣԼôʰ
褻ûĸףڴ˵ûκֻ̫ˏC󣬽ŷġ
뿪󣬽ͿʼԸԺ⼸նҪʱˮ͵⼸Ůڸϣúòһӡ
ˮˮϲ褸оԼԲһȦ
ȻŮչ˵úܺãȴûһ̤ʵƿһգ˴࿼پȻǴס
뵽ڷʱҪѾ統̿ץ褾Ͳڿ֪Ǹݰӻ᲻ΪѾ硣
褵ĵͬʱϻҲѰ
ԼСŮǻϵ˽Ӱõճȥ࿼˽ӡ
ϻֻշתһҹͨˡ
ֲԼ˽ӣϹʲô
ң֪Ҫȥƿôȥ࿼ǻʵ۲Ӽ
룬ϻſġ
ƿڶգһ𾪳ҰϢֳпдֽȻǿƿȫ𰸡
ϸѲ飬Я׵ʮȫѺȷûмдֽ󣬲¿й¶Ϊ׼˺Уʵһй¶ĲĿ⡣
ˣΪ˷ֹһĺᣬҽͷǰ˼дڶգԺȫ³ȡ
ңȫͳһԡ͢׼īɿͳһţΪȷѧһᡣ
Ϣ͢ԭʱ伣ºѧӶ࿼Ĵм֮⡣
ʱвʼףƴʱ»ƣ´ǰıˣ˼ܣʵʵΪŶ˿ǣΪʼҵճӣʵΪ֮
ԣ֪ˣȻǶˡ
ʹڣ԰ϣһűѵС
ѿãָһʯֻ߹ҵ죬ȴЩʵӺ˺Բֹ
ܽصֿһԵľϣųʳĺ
ȿȡܽ£飬ߵܽԣԼܽضû㿪ʵ
ܽĸ첲£誶
ԣɫոô̹ȻοƿڸСӵĲƽЩ顣
誶⼸ڿƿ֪һǸԺ²£ҲûźߣЩġɫԣܽת˻
ļ򣺡ģûµģֲǲгСңũŮĵӿɱȹеС󣬸£ġ
ܽһ㶣ЦЦ״ĵ˵öԣǳ檶ˣĶŮǵ壬ϱȻҲһ
˵ţ˵תͷԵ̵Ͻõò࣬ȥõù
̸˸ӵͷǣūȥ
ܽص֣˵̫ۣôЩȥͺãס
ȣǰӻЩ΢⼸ͻȻֿʼȣ檵޳ҪҹӣϳӻԲסҪȻ»һæˡ
ܽ˵䣬ѾʢСȻֹؾص˻һԡ
ǰŮˣθе֣ܽأֻ㣬ĹޣûĿģ˹ĵĶǵʥϣĶ޵ˣ̫ӻûǸվ˭󹬵Ůˣֻܶ޵ôܵøô
ܽسرŵ֣һʢõιߣʮʶʮమʮʮȥˣȻֻһһİɣȻܱȡ
˵ţȻͺۣԭʮˡ
ҲʮֶݣʮǰԼŮ˵ı֮ΪϧŪˡ
ܽظԼιֶЩ΢΢ʶԹ޻ԼʮŮˣҲϣҲǸ޼˵ţֻҪԼҪԼһ׷ĪС
ģȻ޲ܸ誶λʱ޻誶һ鸻ԣķأ
ܽصЦЦˣ誶лϡ
Լ࣬Щֽ߬ģܽҪޣϾ׶û
֪²ؽͣ檡׵ġܽز˵ʹĻ
***
òװƿһգϻ˳ͽһ׼ȥӶӺŮ
˿⣬ŷ̫ļˣ࿼ſһʱ
ļҲȥˡ
ٽŻһʱ˲ΧڿҪſڡ
ʱǬŷǧҲ͢
̫̫⴩ɫĸȹ׵ͷ൱һĴ˵ġ
ϸųȻ൱¡أʮѾСǰӵأ׼һӶ˸ʵȫһ״Ԫɵļơ
ǼҲż֪͢Σ̽ͷûҴ󷿵Ĳʹ졣
֨ѽһɫĴű۴򿪣ʼ½½
潹Ⱥˣ̲סǰ̽뿴ԼҪȵûг
ǧҶţǰͷ·ʱһȫӣʲôǸݰܸУڰΣǸҲˣûĶ
˵ŤŤҶţǰͷ
ųģȺĵһһܵԡ
۾һƲһֺǧһЦƦƦĵϲɷˣһɳ͢ͳ
ǧƽСƦʲô˵Ҳû·ôƤЦ˵ģɼʲô¡
Ϊˣûд
תͷͼ͢һľϣ̧˳ſڽһš
Ǭ״æǰżϵĶӣɫף˫ۻǣ̧ͷʵҶôˣ
۰ڰ֣û£ؼЪϢվͺˣǴνӵġ
˵ŽһССҶݵǬϣȻת뿪ˡ
ǬϵҶŤŤľȻа˸֡ƿʿɵ
Ǭ⣬ֻõͷʶӣףԭ͢鿼Եĺʱ鵽ˡš
Ҳé޸һ俼ţո߹ңգʮ˶һéС⣬ζȻǡ
һѾ
͢ѬεΣ࿼ٶȰҪͷοƿǼǿűһϢӣֿԡ
жһԼ࿼ʱ˯ŵףеģһӣдҶν
ֿ͢ԣΪϵ˴ģа͸࿼ٴӡ
ӻдҶνԼһǴİԼԼҪֻҪֵ꣬һн
ǣ͢һҪԼԾ꣬ܳʱ׶û裬ְ׷ˡ
ǬŶӣۣԭ׼ıҲ˷ˣæ̧϶ӣҴҵĻ˸
漸̫̫ŵģѽǬһͨ
ûܶΣֻԼĶӣŶӿ˶һȦЩۣǲǶûԺã
հŮһȦ֏Cˣظǲͣ
Ľ󣬵һʱ䱼Լӣ褿һ䣬ʵĲǿΣǡ磬㿴ǲˣҺˮ
ĽϸƣѾͷ֪ԼԵĸ㣬ƽȵĸΪĶֻĸζˣ⻻˻
ӻڵԼĻشĽҡͷû֣Ҿð褸ÿˡ
˵꣬ת׵лĸ⼸չ˰褣ˡ
֣û£⼸հ㿼Ҳƣ룬һһظЩҲһಹһ
ĽһůҲƴǣͷá
˵꣬תһԵϻкɡ
ϻġһ״һ䣺Σ
꣬ĽĴ𰸡
СԾС
ϻͷʮ̹ȻСʵ̫ˣＸȸԾһȦ
˵꣬תͷӣϣС쵰ҲԼ˵ûģҸоҲС
׿ԼЦüһЦõģͷϻϡ
ͷӣǰұЩ⾹Ȼ
˵ͣһ£ϻʮּûעеͷӡ
Щ⾹ȻôǲǶˣЩǶῼġϻˣȲĿڡ
̧ͷίͰ͵ĵЩ⾹ȻһҲûٿǰ˿Ҳ֪ĸ̬⣬һһⶼûкظġ
һԵĽԣЩƮ
ţȡ
˸Կ϶̫ãһظġ
ֻ֪ǰĿ;ˣæſ͢ȥˣѹûꡣ
лҪ˵ǰΪðǷģ⼸һϣл֧֣ףǳ⣬ֹ

 50 

ƿ, ܽڹʼվ÷Ų¶, ίҲԼ˵, ֻ, ĸֲԣ뻹ȥŷģǱ
οƿӽСӵĹ˫, ﱾҼܽսݣҲ۵ýˡ
ܽس£ûǰĽ
ʱĽСԺϻŮԺģϻһӣ˼žþòӡ
·, ðûطӡһվŵŹӣϵĥĥӣָֻš
ϻûƳ˶һ, ĿڣҪܣСӣһߴȥ
Ľ֪ϺʤУΪûдߴ, ֻĵӡ
ΪϻɨˣĽܹ׾ٵľֱֲ˵Ӯǰܡ
ֻܱƾе̬š
￴ˣػԺǰϴˣ褶ԣ˵ͷϸ˵Цš
Ľϻ˼ʱʱתͷ͵ԼСӣػ˵ʱü۴Цᣬеġ
ҲͰһЦϴˣĥ˵˵
ɿƣҪԼս׵˼ҪͺͶԸһֱ˵ɱƬײˡ
룬ˣˣء
ĽתۿԼõĹ͵͵Ľӣϻһ͵ӵ֣һۡ
ͷӣŮܶ˵ģȷҪҰ㣿ϻ
ϻԽԽ֣õҪҪӵǰ棬ԼһֻܹӲдļֲӡ
ʼԼСŮǰԣʮ֮Լ壬ҲδӮԼ
ǵڶ֣һƽ֣ԼûӣۿžͿҪŲסˣϻ룬ɿץŶӵ֡
ԺС԰￪޵Ļ
ţϲͻĺãЩۣʲôҲû
СŮӻô࣬һӦüǲסɣ
Ľͷϵţһ£һʱ̧˴˸һۣ״̧ͷ죺ãů
ǡǰϻûжô̹ȻﵽЩ飬˵ʱһ¡
ĽֺɵģȻʱεЦЦһ䣬ɴ˹Ҫˡ
һ㰢褺ɵͦСѾͷԼʱɻ͵͵ˣƤأ
ϻרעĿŰϵ֣ôԼҲСŮȻ̫ˡ
ߵҲûзĵطԺŲľ롣
ܽԺӺ󣬼ݶϴ·ȥݡ
ңĽָո뿪ˣ˵ڿʽȥȱ衣
ϻһӣ׼ϻ塣
һͱ˵ѹҲûͶ˭
ʵ룬ҲµõöôŵģҲֻλδıɱ׼ˡ
ϻһִֻͻȻ׼Լ壬ΪҲûֱֺ̧ݺݵءžһӵϡ
СӣҪҶӵ壬͵ž͹ˣһ÷ֵᷢģʱˡ
ΪӣδǻǰҲǸ߾֮λȻûһ˸ҶֶţϻһĴ򣬶ʱס
ϻԼĴ󣬶ӻûаӷµ˼뵽ͷ۵Ĳо֣Ƿꡣ
һ尸תͷ׵Сӣ˵Ļүϣ
ʱϻоˮඥոյıƢһȫֻоȽŷ
ȻҲû뵽۵Сӡ
ϻϣꡣ𾪹ϻæд
ϻδü£ֹĶڹ⣬ˣ΢֪˻̿֡
ǡϻڻص
ôϻЩ뼱Ҫ֤ʵ

Ȳ衭ôˣĽһ߳źϻȳ
˶ӵĻϻظ
ϻͷʼðϸСĺӣԣǳŮ
ɱֵ
ϻѡװش
ͲԲп۾֮
ʣʶ
ĽĻϻʱӦСŮװ֮ǰ֪ԼݣԼȻҲܱ¶֪˽ӵ¡
Ϊ˻ϻװһ𾪲ŵĿĽתͷ˿ʲôʣѵǽǡǡ
ĽһͻȻ¶ݺŵòᣬҲԣ֮ǰĸһֱΪԼǸСţͻȻ˻ӣһʱԽܣҲǳ顣ʱЩǣ˵
𣬱һһĿƵýϻһؿڣһԽܵģ
һϻӲм٣ԭ֮ǰ֪誶ݣٲĻĹŮӽԼĶӡ
ңСӵ˼жܣ֪ģϻľԴ˼ȫûܡ
ţԶӿڵȥĸף㣬һžȥˣһ
ȻϻѾ֪Լݣڹϰ˲ơ
⡭ĽЩԥϾ˵ɫܲԸ͸ʴһ
ӵĵǣʱЩѵ㻹ҳɣ
Ľʵĵ˵ͷͷҪС
ϻһҪΪԼֲ죬ʱԼﶼĽȥĸףûµġ
û£ĽЩʵ
ϻһģҿԵģնû¡
ֶʲô
ϻСŮһۣƢûж
СӣпɽȻҵ٩Լ
Ľߺϣϻ
ڰݣޡ
ףϷģһؿƿԲ͸¶ȥһ֡ϻ˵꣬ĵı֤
ϵ˼ô᲻ף˽ֲʲôʵݣڻʼңȻǲױ¶
ԭţƾٳɼû䲼ʱ򶫰֮УСӻҪݣϻһ
û뵽ľԴͦͨ͸Լû˵еĺ塣


 51 

ĽͳԺ, ϻһĲ˵ء
û̧ۿԵܽء
ֻŻϼ谮ڵĻʹ, Ůܱڹ갲ȶ, ԼСŮ, Ҳǲ򵥵ġ
ϻʼЩɣĸǲԼķԣǸûĻ, ͵ĸ
Ÿ׵ͷ󣬲ֹϵʱ㲻˵˼ʱҪóү磬úŻŻ⵰׼ңǲҵѾͷôһ˳ˣ
ϻûĵ˶һۣոͰĵֹЩʲô
뵽ոԼ߿Ƭ̣ʱͿӺͻĵˣϻʵ̫˽⣬˵û·ģСҲ֪ϵʵݡ
ֻ˼ҵ׼ү
û˵ʲô, ңοƿоôʵˣȻʵʵ˵, μ࿼ĲݰӾȻûҸ飬ҸоϰߡҸ
û˵꣬ϻ̲סˡ
, 㻹Ǹ˵ôӻʼң˵󲻾ĻҪ׷Ҫġ
űϻͷȻ˵ⲻǿĽ˻ԼˣҲʵʵ˵ģģԱҲ˵ġ
ϻŶӣһʱ䱻˵
ץŶӵļ쵰˭˵ԣǲܶĽ˵
ʵǱ̫ˣȫûоӦСӡ
һͷǰæǰһοͷӣʹˣӾСˣĽҪǰ˵Ļ⴫ˣߵĶñҲܲˣԲԣϵһҪӡ
ôˣ褺ĽЯִ߹ź޾תݣƬ̣ûϻȥ˳
ϻתͷŻڹŮεһ̾Ϣ³һû¡
˵ֿ꣬Ľ㵽л˵
Ľ׵ͷӵ֣һ¡
ţȥɣҵʵ׵ģ¡ɫأ·ѹڰһ¡
ĽԣЦЦãҲ£֪аڣ褻Ụҵġ
˵꣬Ľϻݡ
ݺϻѸŹϣתһʱ侹Ȼ֪οڡ
˵СŮôҲǻʼҵˣԼ˻ҪģȻ˵̫ԽصĻ𱸡
С֪ˣݣܾˡ
ϻڣĽ͹ֳϿҳ
Ů̬ǫϻԭ׼һͨ˵ˡ
βŵ㣬ʲôݣϣֵܶʱŵԣúöԴֻϣúùӡϻ
ϾѾ֪ŮǻϵĶӣȻһ㣬ڳ߸߸ϵļơ
Ů⡣ϻ벻Ҫȥ͹λλϾͬһģ󣬸߸ϣһֻܱ˭ġ
Ľԣԭ֪ԼǻӵݣԼṼ褡
ǣڱ֤ģ˱ԣֻһһ۰һˣֻһޣʵΪ֮ҸʵĻᣬ׿ڸ߰褡
뵽Լԭ֪СŮݵģͻȻϻǱһϻͷͬŮĻ
ǵҸϵĻᣬȻǻŮ
Ľ˵꣬⣬Ͼ֪Լǻӵˣǳ׻סСԺô˵Ҳί˰褡
ǼУģպұضð褷Ϊ֮ˣʱܵίպضӱ

ϻһСŮǲģҪλԼòҪȥǸλãúðȹӣû뵽Сӻģȥ顣
ҵ˼ֻҪúõģҺĸˣǾͱˡ
ĽһνĺúõģǼ˼⻹ǲԼ
ףһͰ褺úõģЯ𡭡
ϻԣһСŮЩΣʵҶֻһҪ󡣡
˵˵Сһ쵽
Ľ֪ð褿ģĸЦ٣Ϊ˵ԼҪʱΪδ룬һڴӦˡ
桭˵ϻһ٣ϾŮڻʼңԼҪŮȫܽܡ
ϻ˵ĸʱĽ룬ף汾Լ֮¡
Ůûзϻżڣ涼ҪֻҪúûţκ֮ǰӣա
СŮܸԼ˼˰ɣ
ǸݰöԸӿɲǳԵģɲϣŮȥѻʯ
Ľζ˵ĻúûšҲҪԼǾ仰͸¶֮ǵ˼
лҪ˵һƪûѵģ崩֮ʢϲСȥղѽǸڷܵĴʵҶСΪȥ׷ˣ
ʢĵ»ʵӥһ˺۵Сߡ
ǶΪ뵱ˣϲձ׼ɫ㹩ѡ
ӥСһһ常ޱ飺
һ͹ȥ꣬ļٵĳûӣֻߥ޼СȥȰ
̸֪ͼ񣬽δյӥԣҲõˣ㿴ҶˣҲü˲ǣ
ӥɫá
˸߲ȥǻ㱨ת۾ͱϼͽӥĶ

ӥҴܼ˲Ҫ޸


 52 

ع, һʱټ˴ӽ
׵鷿ʱ, ؾصߵ񣺡밲
ɣŴ, Ȼβ, ıСӳǺô²׵ĳӣûгԵĲ
Ϊ, Ǻġ
òιѺ׿Ҫϸʣй¶һйԱĲڿƿϺѪһҪײЩˡ
һϯľս
˵ֿ꣬Ŵӣĳļ׶οƿ˳ʵ, ʱϹ㣬˵Ǿģֻ, ǵǰʱֵܸܺãĸߺͿʼ䣬ĸ;˾˵, ޺Σһֱֲ㣬׶ѾʧȥһŮ޲誶£׸ʵ˼𣿡
û˵ֻǳĬ
úײſڣʣѺ³¹Ա
ûشĻֽ̧˫ֳϡ
˵꣬˫ϥأ𷣡
֮УѵĴӡ
ǰЩӣһҹöշ͢ûˡ
׵Խ˵ԽС֪ԼƸ۵ûãʵ׻᲻Լ
˵ּæ͵û͢ףȻҲ鲻ţֻǶźô˰ĺô־ȻֿһҶ
ʲôҶ£ʵ֪ϴûı˽׼һֻ۱һֻۡ
û뵽ȻԼϴ£Щο
͡д˰͢Ļƿʿɵ
˵꣬ûվһĵȥڷסԵӲסӡ
֪ǸϲûΪһ֮˽׿ƿǻôһ˿ûĲɵҶȻԳ֮֡
Ѿ֪ˣֻźô˰Тӣһ㲻ʾ˵ȥԲдҶ˵Тӣȫ⡣
Ŵ˼ú󣬲ųܳȥˣ׶޵ĵճӣ޶ĸߣʧ
ԣһȸԾ֪ڹԼճӵݵ⡣
ףһøʧġ
***
ϸ
ƿŰǰգǡ̫̫ʮ١
ŹտƿҪŰ񣬶͢ƿ̫̫ãԸ˴졣
βˣƽﲻ߶ֻ֧ҪǸϸմϵģ̫̫ȫӣϲʵüһ
ʵǲȥϸɻˮֻǸ͢ƿҸͷˣ̫̫磬ΪŮǲȥ˵ȥġ
һϴãĽǰϸ
ʮ٣೯Ǹʮ¡صٵ˳ʱʱ磬ȥһ
ĸ鲢׺ʱҲûкģֻһйоصķ顣
Ҽǵõһ밢ʱҲ񡣡ϣĽ§סӿڡ
뵽˵һ褲һЦȻǵģһû͸ĸ
Ϊʲô
ΪĶ᲻ˡ
ʱ򰡣Ķ˵Ļ߹ÿһʯ嶼ľС
ԣĽһЦ̧˻СɵıԭôͿʼˡ
Ц˵䣬ϸſڡ
Ľתַ̧³
ϸſڣǬ˸ѩ͢ӭ˴ſڡ
̫̫ҲԳվǰߡ
һ㶣֪ųӭԼģתһˣŪô̵Ĺֻǧˡ
ĸȻＫ䲻Ը褻ǼһĨЦţߵ̫̫Ը˸
ĽҲ΢΢ףǸк
̫̫ͷЩĮ˾վȥһ㡣
񣬵һ褲ſĸ׶վں档
̧ĸȥԵһĽСֹС÷ôЩͲӱϥϷˡ
Ȼ󣬽ϻ˸ȫתͷ˶һۡ
Сӣʲô˵һƽ˻
Ľվԣ˾ֵĻЦЦ޷
˵ֺ̫̫꣬ô̾Ϊ˽һСµ˳ϣ
÷һۣص㻹ǲ˽Ǽλ̫ţΪ׾ǰй⣬ϼøһЩǲںʲôͽģң̫ӭӵǰү
˵䣬һɫͣϸǰ̫̫üͷһ壬֪Ų۾ݡ
ۿŰ˾ͿˣƫƫҪʱͣſڡ
ţð˾Լˣ̫̫תͷǬڣȥԱȥ׼ҵĵ
ǬһæͷӦǣõģĸס
ϾԺԼ;ϣÿЯ
Ǭǰûüĳľӷ£һɫƳ
δˣ롣Ǭһףæһ
׵ͷǰ̫̫ףϷ˸綫ࡣ
ȫ̫̫ԤϣԭΪǧܼμңϼҺμҾûǣμҵĸţǲԼСС룬׻Եˡ
ǧڱμ׺󣬻ܼ밲ⱳҲΪμշ
Ҫμҵɫ£̫̫ǲҵ
ԣЦſڣδϸԣ죬롣
׵ͷ˵ŽһСӵݸ̫̫һ⡣
̫̫ӹܵģЦúϲ£죺ãã͢ӭδ˽ݡ
ţ׽޺ġ
תţ㿴վȺ褣ԼԵĽ
һ㶣װµǰߵʱŲһ٣СȣּˣҿǿϣղģҪҪԽӴҡ
˵꣬գգۡ
Ľ󣺡δ˻ǽݰɣҷ˿ɷĶϻʵġ
ϴ󣬹ܺŮôδ˵ģδϸҡǬһĽĻĻײ졣
ϻûǬֱԵ˵û
㡭
Ǭһ뿪ۣϣ޷Ҳƽϡ
˵ʱֱֱĽ˵ֲһ䡰٣ٶ̹ȻԣĽӾͲһˣĽӣ˵԰ɣ
һ仰˵ԱߵĪ
Ľ֪˼ֽ̧褵ᣬЦҺǷ̹ȻԣͲҪδ˲ˣδ˶ౣزǣνվøߣһˤͱСġ
׿褱ţ浾վĽԣʱûĴ̵۾ۡ
üĿһ䣬ȥ
һ̫̫ȻܻվſӭˣȻֵμ
ϸԺ׵ĵǰ̫̫ף쳣飬һһǬƽҪֺõĶͷϹ٣Ҳһĵ̫̫ǰա
һ̣һĽͽ̫̫ܵǰδеķ⣬ﲻɾÿϧֻǺ٣ҪǧμңϸμҾףһӶǣٻ󣬷Ҳһӡ
׺òƿΧԼһȺˣŲһԵĽȥ
ĸ׸Ϸԣ߲ĽһԿŲԶСЦһϸ褵ĵط˺ùһǡ
ӣôǰϷӰˣҲûݡѹֻ˲
Ҫ˲Сȵķû뵽ޣȻ誡
Ľ俴һۣûд
ʱĽԺߵĽԵӣʥϼ
Ľüʱߣ̫ãû˵Ϊ˺£
һףҡͷ²֪
ٱм£ĽŲԶĸԵӣһ߷һ˵»ȥһˡ
ЩΪѣڷǰǸưͣ⡭
Ǿдġ
Ľ˵꣬һЦЦף൱ۣ쵰褵
Լˣһͷﻢģôġ
Ļ׸ոȫˣ֪ĽҪߣõúܣͲǸʵקڹͱųˡ
δˣһͬ빬ʥȻԼû취뿪һİ褣ŲҪ˶࿴һۡ
ϵЦȥôܣ
ôܣδŹ֮δˣΪ˴˼٣Ҫ飬Ҵδ빬
Ľһϯ˵оݣȴֱ
ʵǸϺ꣬ԼһýӣӣϴѹμңһҶ󣬾Ȼ̹Ȼ˵ʲôΡ
ȥ׾ãʼһֻǸݰ˳Щ
ôδ˲Ը빬
ɫأĽЦЦĿڡ
ߣҪĻԼ褣ԼҸͷеԡ
׺޵ҧгݣң´ȻҪȥġ
̫Ҫˣ誾ְȨˡ
ĽһԸ޵ҧԼڵףʱˣ
ýкûȥ̫̫򣬱Ľ뿪ˡ
Ϸˣδˡˣæȥ̫̫
̫̫һүƽݾȻҪߣæȥſʱѾûӰ
ȥˣ褻һȦûĽӰתͷʸס
׵뿪˳̫̫褵ĻתԵһϷӣ㶼ס˼ȥ
̫̫䣬ϻ׼άŮͿһŰҶˣϴΧס
һõڵĶϸ
ֻĿ̫̫ݺݵĶ˵ǸС˸Ҵ
Ѻǧϸſڡ
ȹò׵ø߸ߵģһǱ˶̡
ôˣôˣѩһŮģۻˣȺ˵ǧԣ§޺
Ÿѩŭ𣬾˽̵Ůİһôˣϸ̵ĺŮսڷ齣ҵĶӱ񣬽ʱֱϣϸ˽һѣҶȥ
ֻаһӣϣһӾͷˣǧ˵һٻǲܽɥ֮ʹǴϸϵļҶɱڵϸ
ⲻҪһ˽̳ĺӣĶӡ                        
лҪ˵ⱾĽӽβˣе㿨ģԶ죬ҵǸлǵ֧֣

 53 

һ˰Ļ, 𾪲ѡ
Ϸһƾ֪ԷǼ, ֻаһճ, Ů, Ȼǲưոݡ
̫̫ǧǱҪڶͿЦʱ˼Թ
޳ȥŮ, óȥˮɲǧǣϸ
̫̫Ե˲ߵǰŵոҲбʹֻô㰲ĺԺ£ڵϼ̫׵ɣ
̫̫һۣȫӡ
̫˵Լļ£֮ǲǧ
ϸƲøɸɾûš
Ҫϼǧ, չŶӳԴ齣ԼĶӾͲҪϸе˶ҪΪԼӵ, ۡ
ߣӣô˵һֱӸ, ϸһܡ˵꣬תļʮҶһ֣ϸΧʵЩһֻӬҲųȥ
ӺôҲǳ͢٣ǱµĳӣʲôȨΧץˣ̫̫Ĳݣͱ˵ļҲŭˣĹȺݺôŵϵʯ壬ʾĿڡ
ҪǰִⲻݣҪԹϼϣ¾ͲֻǶ˿Цô򵥵ģעҪ˺ܽ£Ϸһ£ɲϸ
ϻ״Լĸ׺Ͱļƣĵ
ͷСԽһڱ뿪
ԣͷס
㲮ү˵Ҳ׼ȰŮߣȻаϸǷ˸ģ˭֪᲻ṷҧˡ
ڵıͼԣʼſƶǺÿ֮£ҪȻûҪȨƣЩС仹׾ٵġ
һǺ棬ȻȥٻҺŮڡ
һסĸ׵ĸ첲ҲҾȥ
֪ĸǵԼǳ᲻ԼǣôĶ˫ףԼܻȥ
˵Ⱥϸ飬ȷûпĽӰͻȻо˿뿪ˣҪֻϣ粻Ҫô
ŮĻЩĴһ褵ֱԶ褵㲻ĻˣȻȻȥ
Ҳ
ŮǿʼղԼĻ峹ŭˣһºۿ褣ܲܲҪ¶ﵣģ͸Ͻ
˵꣬תŮ̧͵͵˲۽ǡ
ʧ˵ӣȻǲưոݣŮｪǲ̤ʵġ
ŮҲܣүԼǰţţûдŮ˵һػ⻹ǵһΡ
ĸŮ˱̫̫ڿߵС䣬ҴҶעĸŮ̸û⡣
ĸ׺˵ɫ΢΢ͷ˫ַǰָĽһ
״Щۣ̾һŮ֣뿪ҪǰҪҲﲻæȥ취͵ȥҰ֪ܻʱǼҾıһˡ
˵ţֽ̧Ů˫յ鷢£ĿŮЦЦȿƿŰǼҰˣҲΪѲҺ ˵ǺͶǷ˸ģǧ²һᲨǲ Ļ
ĸ׵ºͺ͵ģ庢ͯƵġ
˼Ƭ̣űĥĿȫǵǧ΢΢ͷͬ⣬ҪǰȨˣΪѵֳȥ٣ܲ˰ȥðٰġ
Ͳţʥ϶£µ׻ϵ¡
ĸճɷűͣ彫ŮȺ򲻵̫̫ϲĸŮվĵطʮֲۣδעĶ
ߣʲôѵһƵƵͷһ͵һ£ݺݳ
һƣƵƵƵͷһģЩˤۼֿסԵӣסӡ
۲ѣ˶촽ţȥŮ̧־ףǽ˻
ƲһۣǸʵô̶
˶Ǹ֣ܲ
ͷһû뵽ôһŮ絶ƻ㺧ˣֻȻƲһûгתͷӼߡ
˱ͽȺ˳ϸ
ȽŮҰˣ̳ܽô֪ܵĹˣҪʶһ¡ɢŵ˶ߺ󣬰˫ĿѪǰһ
ϣ㻹ûˣû˶ӣҲΪԼ֪ƲŮ˴ϣԹܽ㰲ϱǧȻţôϸܲˣƾʲôϼ˺ɱӽ£ôˣϷ˼Χ˹ܻ
ɫЬӺݺݲǧָϣЬĦʱ˺ѷε쳹Ժӡ
Сˣ˵־̹Ҿļͷ
Խ˵ԽǧѾѪģ۵ûֻܵ-š
ȴ֪ǵðŭգԺ˵Ůڻʱ͸ҹڵϣźˣҪôԼĶҲôûˡ
뵽ȫҪķ񣬼û֣ŭ庰ǸϽ֣Ұ
˵꿴̫̫ԵϻͷˣЦ϶Ҹ㣬㻹ˣԸϼңһֻϣϻҪ̧أŪǣҶԼ֡
䲻̫̫ϲǳԵʣվλûȽϿǰ
һԵŮ춯ֶţһ߿Լǰ첽ߵǰֻסĸף˿
ǸӡǸӵǧģŮҲǶԼû̺ãҵϸͷָˣżһߣԱǶǽǷָԩͷծԹϸͺˡһϯ˵Ӧ
ָǰĸһֱͱ۸ǧõ£ͰͲбӦ£侮ʯǹˡ
ѩһ˿ݶϣҳϣϸǲŮʹ̫ݷ֪ҲԸ޸ϷӣȻݱٲñڴ̣ԼҪš
һǰ˦˸ѩһ⣬סĲӣҧгݵˣȻҶӺϷӱȡ
ѩҲȥˣӲһ٣ҲҪϴ󷿵汳ƾʲôԼŮ޵ñ褺ã³
̧׵Ű㲻֪Ǽҵչ褣ӿФ˺Щ꣬ε˵̫̫֮أϼҵչſӣòȢŮ㿴˶ζϲϣ
죬ѩұ졣ѩδ˵꣬ͻȻƿԼǰĶӣ˹ȥץš
ŮˣҪŰҵŭԼҲٲ
ֻǸѰҪ֡
岻룬ֻһͷͰǣھǸӣ˵öԣԸϼ練ƣʥϹҵĵλ⣬ҲֻǱѵ⣬ٺ˾Ƕ
û˶ӣλҲͲں֮ǰܾͻҪϼҵŮһܱۡ
ţһøѩ˵ȥץ䣬ȡͷϵӾҪѩȥˣôԼ
Щ꣬ٶίŶܣǣѩҪǶԼ˴˼Ҫ
ĶԵһѱסĸףֹĶ
ſңſҪɱء˵ֱӿˣʧõĻᣬ֪Լɱˡ
ĸף侲ɱҪεģΪŮ˲ֵáסĽţ֣ŴԼ
ѩˣȻΪϱô궼ԼǰѾ͸ҪɱԼ
ѽȻҶ
Ƭ̷ӦѩŰոձϵĻǼҴü֬ǣҲûãǵչԸ޸ϷӣҲԸǸӣ
ѩһһչ̧褣Ȼ߰һҵĵСϷҲϰ
㡭㡣
󣬹Ȼ˵ָŸѩһܣ뿴ĸ褣û뵽ѩ˵ģ褼޸˸Ϸӡ
дȻϼҵ˶Ķӡ
ˣȥ褸ץȻôϲǸСӣҾȥаǶǽҲˣ÷ָƲ壬ûţϵĶ
δ䣬һҴ븮ֵǱߴϢһŮԳ褣ı˹٣˵
û˵꣬Цʵߣţþ˸¡
ˡˡ
һŭôˣõģһŮ˶ס
֪ʹʧӣȻŭ̿ˮСصһ״˸ûã˽ˣ˸ʹȥˡ
ȥסǸСȥľʥϣһסȻ˸ҰҪҲȥҶᡣָſڣ
һ伸ҧгݶ


 54 

褳ϸ, ȥŻı˹, ϳ, ļʱЩ޴, һʱû⡣
һ˼ңž᲻ڼԶԶŰСԺҲһΧס, ˽Ųûп
ЩĿ⴩ķκͰȫһǻһᣬ˿ûг˵˼⶯ӦҲûл
ûʱϸ룬ֻҪûͺãĸǱ߻֪ôˣԼһ̣ĸǱ߱пܶһ
ٹ໤ŰȨƣ۲ܣΨһ뵽ľȥٰ, ֻаִ󣬹ٲֻܾþܡ
ϽƹԽ¥һ·϶, ҪʥԼô˵飬ӹط࣬ûѧĹأ᲻ᶥײϡ
˵, Լ뿪ǰûϼʲôˡ£ҰϼŮ£ȷʵʲô¡
ֻһᣬʱػɣֻҪԼײʥϣþòΪЩ֪СڣΪһСŮӣţµĲᶨࡣ
ٰڻʹԽ¥£Խ¥˻ʹһ¥ߵȨֻۺʸԽ¥۹ڰٵҵƻ
ٰʱɸպڳ¥ϣԽԽأҲԽ
̫ҽֻ̫ۣ˺벻ҩ˲٣ɾǲתᣬϳ¥ɢɢġ
üٰûбԩٲƽ֮ԩи֮ӣΪһȻҲǲԸ
ΪֹյһЩëƤСҲʥݣٰ֮ǰʮָۣ֮һϸʮָ
ûԹ࣬Ȼ޵ƶҲ۰мӣ᲻һۣ۵ָϸʱֱðӲҧûг
ܹ̣ԻģΪһ죬һ֮ٻҪ̣ڶţʮϸֺγ֮˳ʯݣߵڶǰٴλġ
һģһһ̣һ̱һ̲пᣬ֮˼ԽãʥĻԽ
ҧһ׼ܵڶ̷ʱһ̫ҴҶ£Եȥ
ԵȻЩȻǱϹϾӦǡ
̫һۣ뵽չ¥ϣ¿λŮӵʱϵľȣʶģΪˣ̫Ƶ
褴ɫ΢΢ͷ̫
̣ʮָڲϵѪû̷ȴСҲۣڲǽʱַС첽̫
һ·ϣû̧ͷ
ƹػصĳȣ̫ཫһͤǰͣ˽Ųϣ˴ˡ
ȻЩɻ󣬻ټӦϵĴ̧ͷ˫ϥ˹ߵ׵Ů褼ϣꡣ
ɣ
лŵɫȹָϲѪͽȺŪ࣬ӣţС˫ֽקȹ
̧ͷ
ȴ˲ɿܡ
һˣ˵ЩͣŮŮֱա
̧̧ѵ뿹ּϣһ˿͡
ҧ̧ͷϷŵ˺˫󣬲š
ǡԼĹ
Ա褵𾪣ûʲô⣬ոڹǽϣ㿴֪϶ϱȥģܺĿ̡
ڿƿѾĻŶҲûбҪݡ
ôˣԵһ裬ڡ
褻عæͷŮʧˡ
˵褣أ
⡯һ۾֮˵ЩңŮ
ˣ˵˵ĵԵɡˣûм׷ʡ
ǷСĶ࣬ھ͵ˡ
˵յɣ褲Ŷ˶ģΧϸҪϸȫȫ˵ȻԼýϵ£Ҳû
ʥֻӣ褼ģӳ겻ھԼľǺп˽ӣ
ѹĸô룬ԭǹ
ڲĵİΣЩǰǧϵ£ʥϻ᲻Ϊ˶ԼҲп
ںοɾԼ˫׵Ŀںý
󣬾þòָһô棬ԭΪϱֻѰ˼ңû뵽ǸټŮţʼǰЩӣϻˡ
û˵̫żоԣǰһѣΣ˹ȥ
״æ̫ҽ
ܽذʱˮʱպײ˷ε褡
æĶѾһţǰεˣϻѪ˫ץ褵˵˫ʵôˣǰôˣ
ܽڹһ񣬴δʧ̬
ܽأû£û¡ǰסܽص֣תֶԵ˵ȥ̴̫ҽ
̬ȣ˲ҵ褵Ķࡣ
һܽأ빬֮˵˳Ź۲̬ȡ
ԭǾؼȻͱЩôһΪ˺񣬼誶ϲޱûڿϻǳ͢٣޻ɻ᲻ⳡǴĻǣϻ֮Ů
Ļû˵꣬ܽĴϣ褣誶ϲ誶һǻϲģ誶ĵʲôݣҰǳ϶Ķϱ과϶һı䡣
ԣһ㶡
̾Ϣã޲ϸˡ
ϰ˰ɣȥ褣վͲźˡ
ãȥɣһҲȥơһص
ܽظ˸ӣ檸ˡ
˼ͣתͷͻȻڣϣҪǳ檣ǲ誶Ͳôίˣ㡭ǲҲƫһ֡
ǵһΣǰֱȻʺһοڿĲ
ûڣܽûеشת˷뿪ķȥ
֪ȲԼҪĴ𰸡
ּȢΥ˵ԣʱҲۿĿԼ
վЭˡ
ܽ뿪վãŶԵ̫Ըȥ̫ҽԺ޿ͣλϽֱޣ˶ԡ
̫˷ԸӴҴ뿪
***
ƫڣܽһֱԣ̫ҽҲû뿪
ָϵ˺δɵѪܽɫ䣬ߵ⣬ŭɽҵŽյְģһʮ壬ʮָ֮Ҳһ顣
Ȼ³ŵˣܽػѹ
⡭ЩΪѣϾعŵǽǲȨ𷣵ġ
ڹΪ֮ʱƲڵæ밲
ķԸȥֱӿڡ
ոţܽصĻȫ˵ģ֪ǲﶨȻʲ
뿪ǰסܽصԼЩ֪ݣԺǶԶϹϾġ
ȥ褡ܽ΢ŵĳƿԸú庢ͯԼ
תƹڵ
˰ʱ䣬̫ҽ˳
ػϣĹֻƤûʲô󰭣ֻǳ࣬ε̥£ⲻ󣬳Լ̥ҩҪܴ̼ϳɱ̥˳졭
֪ˣȥȥҩе£и֪
̫ҽҡͷδ
ţ࣬ϲȥɣ
̫ҽսսˣãոչԼֻ˵ӱˣȻϲϲԼԴɾͲˡ
ܽ齱һᣬ׼ŪЩڣ㶣ȷԸȥ׼
̫ҽ˵ˣûʲô󰭣̫ţۻˣ޻۵ġֿڡ
һΣûƿ
檸ո̫żЩʧĪ
ܽأҪ֪㲻誶ĸ޵ĳڶϱռģ޻ζġƸͯ
ܽûлӦŵȻعЪţźͺá
У檵õȰѹȻġ
ܽأ֪誶ĸףѾˣʱѹټ㣬ʱ誶еСŻˣģ𼱣һշ
ܽ󣬾Ҳɲðܾš
ϼҵ£¿ɵΪǸİ購жţҲʲô˼ң뵽褵⣬̲ܽס߶š
ԸԼ˵ǻϲţ˵öԣҲŰҲǺö
βסϲܽһ̻㱣֮Ѿݳ޵˵仰ϲ
ϣɼǵõʳ檣Ըʲôʱλص𣿡
ЦŽַԼģ޵Ȼǵã˵ֻһ
ܽЦЦͷʮˣµԸ
˵һɡ
һ棺ֻ誶ƽ˳죬ԸԼãס
ôһ̣ܽظоԼ˫֣һ¡


 55 

ʱ, ֻŮ
, ԵĹŮæ, оͷЩ, ָ̧ôˣ
εˣϴ̫ҽ￴ˣҩȾͿԳˡСŮҩ, ͵ԡ
ǻϿ˵֮¡
ŮЦЦū澸㣬ȳ˵֮£ϻ˲ģҰľͶˡ
褲öʣȹҩ󣬱Źͳ˹ԴһңΪʲôĸǵϣԼ֪
ǵģĵĲĽǷ, ֪飬Ƿпԣ
ǸԼʮŵɣȫȫεġ
վԽ¥, Ź˴뿪Ӱӡ
ҩˣ
Ե̫๭ӣæصǣˡ
, ҪҪ˽λͻظϣūŸɫá̫һ£ڡ
á˵ת뿪
巰ڣܽذϵ˹Ů̫࣬һԵ̵ȷֻǰ̥ҩ
ǵҩū˲ȷǰ̥ҩû
ܽ룬ǾŲģӣ誶빬󣬾ȥ˴ӸҲ֪Ϊ˺£˼ҳ£İܴ̼ȥһ˴Ӹ˵Ӳʣ誶һˡ
̵ͷɵǾñù˼ҵ£öԼܲס
˵棬̲סס죬ȻѲ⡣
ʮʶʮ֪ʮʲô᲻֪ҩֻԷһΪܽϲסѲǲгµСˣȴ統һ㣬Ѷϣ뺦誶ĺӣ²ȥ֣մѪֻ÷˰褣ҪǱû´˼ҵ£ϲܿ촦ðżһĻʳܾͱס
ܽصĻԽ˵Խᣬ˵ûú󣬲ֵĵΪǸݰӣǺóı誶һãҲ
***
ջƻ裬룬ڹʱиɾȹ
ǻزȥˣ͵͵ȥϸ⿴֪ĸûбΪѣֻ˵ԼϢ»ʥϲþ׺ĸ׾ͻ⵽Ķ֡
ԼѾ˰ٰģҲʥ˾ٷȻҲҹΪԼţȹϸȥ
ٽϸСǰһڣ˴Ρ
ʱϸԺ̧ͷۻһܣ׺ϸжһ𱻰ϣŮȫӲӣ˫ֱţﻹ˴ֲ
Ǳ˫ڵϵǧǧͷңϿɼ֮һãòȹȫѪſԣʹĺߺš
ˣñƣԵҶתĺӳʲô˵Ŷס褵򦡣
ƲͷԸӡ
һסԽͷмɫ͸ҰȻϷҶӣҽôĥ㡣
ҲӲ//Ľ֣ǧʱ˳ˣоϵҲûôˣ˵Цһ
һЦڰ̶קǧͷӣСˣЦ˺죬Ҷӡ
ǧջ񣬱ȵκģ˼һ/
ǧԼĥ˲˹ģ֣ת褣Ե˷ԸˣҽҪͷԣȻϲϷӣ͸Ӹ潡֣ȫ㡣
ԭսץʱѾʮַ˵Ŀ̵
ŵϻˣŮܵĿѣƴϵӣκﱻ˲ֻܷصʾĽ
ϻϣˣ屻õŲӣţһ˵ԡͨһ£ҡͷ˵˻ȫ
һŽ߿褼״һĸף˹ȥקסǰȹģܿ͵ˣ𼱣ҿɰۣĥ˵ķӶ㡣
˵ţպ褵ǰһȦ
յġ̡Ƭ˵һҲ£Ȼǲܵģ褸оԼӶ΢΢
ȻţǿԼͷҪ򶨣Ӱİ̿ˮӽ£ҶԳ͢ټҾ춯˽̣ϲŹģѾ빬˹ģ˵ˣ£˲ϸ˽Զ̣ٿ˵ǲҪˣ
ԣһ£һԵҡҡͷ
õӦЩһͱС˺ƭȥΪֺүһֱ˸ѾͷҪʥ᲻Լ
ߣʥ㵱Ĺ£˵ϼŮ˲֪ܣ÷ڴ齣㻹˼ȥ״ˣҲҪӵƤȥҶӡ
˵ţͨͨҪȥϻ״Ѱŵӡ
ɲôŵ˿ûɶþŽĴֲ³յͨƬۿƿڴᣬס֣Ҷãɱ㡭
˰
ݻû˵꣬Ե̧žͺݺСϣĻ
ק褵£ԣЦһôˣǻƫҪ̣ϵʹҶȪ²ܰϢ
˵ţקתͷŸѩ϶ˣ˵ǸƲҶӵĵչ
ѩҲţ˲˵˻Ҫĥ褣һ˿ݣͷ
ߣģǰͲλչˣȻȰɡ
Ựδ䣬պƬһתڸѩؿڣƬһӴʱ̡

ʱѩɱĲҽУ쳹ϸ
ƵĲҽУЧ⡣
˵ţתͷ褿ڣСӣҲζ
褸оͷκģҲеۣѹûоӡ
״Ϊ˿ۿԼ뵽ԼϷӵķʽԼĶӣͺ޲˺
պƬϺݺݵȥ褴ɫףκۡ
ŵĽ岻ϿͷܷŹԼŮϻ˫ĿѪɴۣʮү籼ڶµȪˮ¡
ǧ˱ֻһ϶ۣڸѩԾԾԺ޲ֳƿ죬ſʱ
ŵĴšॡһײһŻɫ׵Χס
ỹûع񣬱㱻һһԶ
ףϻǬ̫̫ʶõģ£Ϊơ
Щǻʼ
ᱻһ߿ľϵȥһۼֿ콫§뻳ֽ΢΢ҵͷ£
褣ˡ
ͷεýֻģһɫ۵ӽסԼ
ŬۿʱƤôҲһ˿ѣϤŰĵı˹ȥ
ĽûԺˣֱӽ˱Ժ̫ҽӣæȥ
***
ʱѾǰʱ
ʱǸĸ׸ͷ˵
˶ǰ
ˣˣоô⺢ôҲ˵֪֪ŮĨ
һԵûдޣȴǼöðϸ˹һ
˵ʲôʲôӣ
Ľǰĸ׵˼ǣҵİҲҪˡ
磬˵ҡ˵褲ŵĵͷԼС
ϼҶϼ״˳ȥʱСڣվû뿪˼ϻͷӲק˳ȥ
ԣҪˣҲҪˡĽ˵ͷף֪ô˯Żк˰ɣ
䣬뵽˳׺Լôƣֿʼ졣
ĽԼСֿʼˣ̲סʹ̫ҽˣǰ²漸ʵҲԣʱ㣬Ҳġ
㡭˵ˡ
ܲסһĶԼ˵һỵҧĶ
ãҲ˵ʱ˵һᣬҳȥһ¡Ľһᣬ񾢶˺ܶ࣬ŷЩ
š褵ͷ¡
֪滹µȥ
褲ңΪδ·ĽС˰Щ档
ҡͷʣҵȾԼ˵
ʵۣϽ빬Ļʵ۹Ѿ˸߰˰ˡ
ֻǣԼ˵
Ľǰ鷢Цҵİõİ褣ңһͻ
š
***
ϸԺĽʱϼŶҲ˰󣬰ȫѹŹһš
һĿȫϡ
Ǭһ˫۾תһȦæǰصӵ¡
ո븮ʱʼƺΪ£ٿϵĳۣݲԶ
Ǭһ˻񣬷׷׸ϻ뽪Ҳˡ
ϻʱƲֻԼɵֱֱվһӣ񣬿㡣
⣬ҡǰһִĽϣʲô÷Ů⵰ʱûƾʲôҪС÷˵԰ɣ
ϻԣ޲˶ʱͬգҪǲ֪ݣðҲðˣ֪
ڶ֪СŮǻʼҵˣⲻв
ֳ˵ԣĸǵСȻ𣬿𡣡˵ţĽ˫ֱַ
˵Ǹ㿴һ޾Ȼͼ˸ӣԺҶһˣ
ǬƤֺǺǵ׽еʱĽһ䣬ʱס죬˿ڣӣ̫ѹҺĸҲͰˣĸҲ裬ʵ޷죬ĸףĸ˵ǲǡ
˵ţԼһ˵ĽæһԵ̫̫ʹɫ
̫̫ĽݣţϸȻϻҡ
λϵĸ硣
ʸʼ֧ݣ롣
õӵİʾ̫̫عӦϵǣԶԣϸҪĸҿɲУ褿һ顭
Ľԣĸӱֶºͣһ˿ŵЦ
ĸ˵öԣյ£ӻᴦģˣϷˣүҲˡ
ǬһдϲԭôúŪȻ׷ǰĵ
̫̫Ҳһ󼤶Ժɾǻ׹ˡ
ǰüĿʵĽǧһƽƾʲôһޣݸ߹湫ӡ
һ˿ϣǧ룬˫ǫ񣬴ˡ
ֻΪβԼġ
Ǭ̫̫ЦɢĽŶ̫ҽһҪõҩҽκϷ˺϶үϵˣҲʱǴȥҵĻˡ
˵תͷϼҶһңڳ׺ôǣҵҼһġ
лҪ˵ٴ˵½ظǶĲԶˣԶඩļ»ߵ72Сʱٿи˵ȫĶĵĶѣҲ˶ʵֻ˰ٷ֮ʮ벻Ҫ󵼱ˣ˵ȫĶظҲϴ绰ȥʿͷһ鶩ıžžأǺܡ

 56 

պ, ƿŰ, Χ۵İշ, ״ԪɾȻĪĶ誡
Űʱ, һ·ϸʥּϼҵŮһҹǡ
ʥּ͵ϼʱϻ
, ͱ˵ˣûУԤ֮Ҳʧ
㡭㻹˵ϻ̧ȥšӵĶ䡣
ⳡƿû뵽ģ֪ӲܸУҲû뵽СŮ״Ԫɡ
һֱʹˣԼһֱΪСŮǸ˽ӣˮҲÿƾͷǸ̽ɡ
û뵽ŮȻĽ, ҰĶӡ
ʱʥּҴҶ
ϻǽ˲, ֳһ塣
Źˣ̫̫Ǭ򸾼Ҳּ
ǧǳŮΪ˻ˣ̫̫ϳ˸, ѩŮĽϸԱߵС
ǰĽϸסϸ˵ǻҪʱһ˻СԺġ
ּĹԺ΢Ƭ̣˵Ҫϻ˽һּ
褳ʱϼһȫˣԺ
ǰͣĸԣ̫ˣ˫̯ʥּ
ˣʵگԻлѲϻ֮Ů褣²ż汸浾Ʒòڣ֮áʶ誣ֵʻȢ֮ʱŮ䣬ֵ褴ֹУʶӿһ˫ɲӼ֮ؽʶΪһ˽񲿲ٰ죬մˡ
䣬л
̫ǰһֽʥּݸ褣תͷϻϲˣǶٹŮĽĶ񣬴˵ôǺø
Ǻǣʥ̧¡ϻЦæӦ
ʥּ˸룬ŵĽ֮ǻʼƸ
޻ʼұΪ˻׵Ƹ̫أֻ߸̣͵Ķ࣬ҲأЩԢ⼪
ʥּһ£ʳǷڡ
ϸյķСİܶ඼ǰ̫̫ŽżⶼʲϵȨ
Ϊˣ̫̫ն褸׺񣬷·ǰЩ˱˶ڣ޲¡
ʥּ¹ĵգ쳾ƹĽ֮УƸ͵ϸ
ϻȻգҽףǹƸδжƸС
֮£ƹ˵ʥͣƸǻͬ˲µģϻĬʱƹĽһԡ
˵Ϲ쳾ұǵýˣΪ⽻ƸϷˣӿ˵ˣӭǻҸ棬յƸôЩľʥϸʹͣԼһµģҲϹ⡣
˵ƹĶһ£żӻ˵ǲүִⲻҴ仰ϣİ褣ʼϱУ治٣޵ýƸҲУӵ˼ǣŮӼˣһΣܸģĹеģϹҲС
˴ϼȻѡ
̩ʮ꣬ʮϼ
ʶӣӭȢϵճŮΪ
ϹͷںƯ
ոϲͷģĽӹĴ֡
˵ǵĸͷģҲλ֣ЩҲһֱźܽԵġ
ݺ󣬼褱޲ڣһͶôϲֻǾöϣùﻶϲŮӣȻǼõġ
ӽ߾н㻰ͣڣ롣
褵ͦϲ˵ΪʱʱԼ˵˵Сʱ¡
һĭ鵽á
ٰüͷ
øӵ

ϰ׼Ȣӭͻʼϡ
ǣʮױϸϽǰǰΧۣΪĿⳡʢĻʼ硣
ĽǳӣڹԼĸۡ
ӭﵽ˻ʼǣĶ˹ֱ˶Ӹ
˸褱ϲִ·ȴ
ĽǰԺ͡
ڽӣӸΪ͵ģȻǷ֮ٳսպգ⣬ƽЩسҲǰԡ
곤ЩģŽնӴϲӣ˼
Ľãûѣţ;ܻ˸·˶ͳԵġ
֮٣ǵڳЦԣԭˣ޸鶨ȻŨؼʱնӸͻ֮ϲ
䣬ȫúЦ
ĽЦӦ
İ褶ѾϲˣĹ⡣
֮Զ빬ߴٸʽ¶㼱ǲ밢褶Ӵˣ˷顣
ȻͰݹظĸɱϾûиʢ磬ûԴӵݣû֮Ȣ
İ褣ί
˵˵Цһ׵ĶȴǱζ
û뵽ԼûõǸС˾Ȼ϶Ȣˡ
Һпܻʳ϶ϣԼǸ궼Ҷûж
Լÿæûн
֪ԼϵŮˣǲǱܽĸֽţȻôһҲϡ
뵽һкҲúĽӹ򶼲һ˶Ӹ
ĽƲһıӰû˵Ũı
˸ûԼһԵСȥ
ĽϲӸѡַƫЩ
ΧŶӸСţ滶Цĵ٩Ƿơ
ǰһŮӣźɴȹȹӽӣ˵ֹŵ
Ůǧӵ¡
һ٣ԭǴǧôдȱ£
ǧ񲻹ӣŵߵԣ˫۹סĲӣ֪Ů
֪Ȼ֪ѰŮˣô֪ܲҲ󣬰ұ٣ȻǾ㰲ܽϸΣȻҲĲġ
׵Ļǧ˿δԽӷײϻȦĻŵҲ˵ˣģѵ²
ױᣬ˲پƣԭתһȦ͵ȥҸɫĸһ档
ŮˣɿڣϲԸָġ
ǧԭɫرģ׳Ƭ̡
ŮŮиҪġǧԥ׳ջ
˫һУὫһԵȥ
³˽ϵƧ
ǧ򦣬һü¿ɲǰǸûûɱ²齡
ǧһĺ᣺²齲˵۰ūҡ
ϣŤˣǿ˭Ҫˡ
ҡҡλΣϡ
ǧһҲûѹԼԽĽУ뼤׸Ķ
ºǧɵ׻¾ūҸոźÿɻ⣿
У
ǺǡϲūҿԸЩǧ˿˵Ļǿ仹Ƿ
֪׵ıܵġ
ո˵ʲô̹ˣȻҲû¡
ǧЦݣ¿֪Ѿ࡭
ۣܣδžͺ誹ˡ
Ҳʵͳˣе£ϸ͵ϻ뽪˵̸֪ģ褵˫ף˵Ȼм١
ǧ˵ãҲûӦ
¿ɵõģ̥Ҫк
Ļ˼Զ
ŮЩûʲôвҪкĻǿɾǻʳ
ʼΪֻû̫ӡ
ڶգĽЯ¸빬ݼʱ
Ľʼ糯
ĽвԸԼѾȢޣΪ˰褣ԼҲͬհ㣬ΪӦˡ
˵ܽعݼʱܽе˵˺һỰ
ȻЩѰ黰һԻ档
ܽϱԽԽϲ
ȥͰӣس밲
ǡ
ܽ˵ţ褱Ӧš
ʼЩнŶǰŹĹطŲ
褲֪Լǹʱϱ˿Ǻõúܣ褻ʱʱСԼ
뵽ת̫죬һʱܻûӦǵӣܽرظȥš
뿪ǰܽ׺ֵ褣ڻʼңҲǸѰĸףĸǰһ
˵ܽȹڻʼҲĪ£ĸỤġ
褵ͷϱס
ӣûܸɵѾͷȻǲУȥźɣĸЩǸŵùѾͷ
ãϱĸšȻرϲ̣׾ĸǲẦԼġ
˵强ߵĽһԣ˳æǰס褵֣ͷʵ᲻ۣ
ĶʮȻ˿Ա߻ˣ褾Щɬ
ܽؼ˸ãֵúϲǣģûţĸзִ磬˵˼强ǿЩȥð褺Ъš
ĽͷЯָˡ
̸ȥǰܽԵУչʱҪϸȫӸκ쳣ñ빬
ǣūס
***
ڶգĽԿʼϳ
ţԺתתʯ
תȺÿձʳĶ
Ľ³һ壬褸ʱĽʼΪ
ֱʥּµӸ
褲֪ԭĽϳĵڶգϱֱλӡ
ΪճӣΪס
Ϊݲ⡣
ʥּûʲô⣬ѹûҪȥǸλá
Ըǣĸܺľذͷ
ԱȶӸİֵöࡣ
ʥּһ£ֿʼˡ
˻Ȼ¿״ԪǶӣ˴࿼Ǵӡ
ԭһһģڿƿб֣ԭаš
Ϊ̫ӣ࣬˼ӣȵ³ȥǧסСӣ̹̹ʱŷǧſڣѾ
һ鿴ͷҲˡ
һ׵ײײš
ǧסСӾϸԱߡ
׳ź󣬿һϲ˹ȥ
ͷףһһϸķ¼ˣôû
ոĸңʱͷϵӵˣǾ͵ģȻżȥϸûȥĵط̻ȥңԼԵ
̫ӵ¡褶㲻㰴ŹԼںôĵϱҲ˼ɣΪԼ
ԭѽСˡ˵űҪȥ
߽ϴ̱ǵľζʱžףż
ءƺһ
ױǧйģڻûй褣⵽⣬Ȼ϶ˣʱŭ̡
أ϶ʱûأû׾͸̥ᣬ
ˣϱȸˡ˵褸˸ӣӦʣת뿪
һץסСǧԺϣˣΪ̫ӻ㵮»ʳΣֻ̫û뵽ҩûŪ֣̫Ӹûǰкӣձ֮ǰ㱾̫ӿ
ſң̡̣Ȼ׵Ķ֣±㱻׿Ժ
ںĺóһŽ
Ӱס֣˫ӷֿţߡ
ȻǾɫӶô˵űҪͷȥ褵Ĳӣͷһƫױ˸ա
ֱ̧ۣһ⣬̼ѩ
ʼ𼱻ǵĽ褵òôıֻۣ䡣
£·ɿ壬ȫ¶
ƻĿ⣬߷ߵͷȥײһԵӣκαţװʵֻͷ˿˿Ѫ
׼ӣ굽˼㣬̧ȶ⣬̧û£㱻ץס
ף뻵̫Ӻ£ɱǵԼ
ףûŭ
ޱ
ķˣڷ϶ܷŹңһˣʬ崦ã֪
ףмη壬Ͼ̫λҪȣμҰæȻμҲҪȫʢ
˸ȡ衣
ûףֱӽ⿪ϰŵӣϽߡ
褵ɣҵϵܡ
׼褣ʱˣԽȥץ褣׶ʼյ
ףүķˣߣ̫ӵˣμҲԻ͡
֪뵽ˡ
ܵſڵͣסŲתϸлδ˾֮ȻζȨ׺󣬵δ˲ſȣ֮ʵһתү÷һ˶顣
˵꣬ײײܳš
صһţĽ׼ȫ㳲ȥѰˡ
褻Ľ˵ɫźתЩϵָӡȹϵۻ࣬ͷϵˣĽһ۵类һ̫١
̧Ὣӵ뻳褣褣ԲҸȥġ
Ҳ̲סᣬֽ§סۡһ˳
Ľ֪˾ţš
ƽϴһ˸ɾȹĽҩ࣬ϸͿĨڶͷϡ
ĶʮᣬŪ
褾ͻȻڵ̫ӡ
Ľһ¡
磬̫Ӱҡ˵ţ褰ѽ֮£׾£ȫ˵Ľ
ԡʱ˺ܾãø߾磬̫ǸˣţΪΪܣ¾ⰵ㡣
֪ˣŰ˵ģżĽǣʲôҲˣӣﻹкأһ̫ҽơ
褵ͷ
˺褱ڸûгš
׻Щ£ֻڸžðȫ
褾þÿձæ³ʱԼնŹ顣
ʱ˯ˣֻԺоϤӰ齣§Լ
ȻƽֻڶӸ
Ѿ졣
̫ʮǰͻȻʧ٣ּұ㾩ȻѶ
ʮһգİշ֣̫ӱ˰ھĺϼҾ¥ǰ
δһһãƣѪģ
룬Ҳ֪ʮ˵ĥ
ֻ˺棬˭ҶԴ֡
ű빬ģ빬һ㣬ﴫĽ
Ľûǰʱۡ
ţ빬Ҳû룬ֻЩ
ӵ֣һָ΢΢¡СţҺܿ褵ҡ
***
빬ֱ̫ĽȥǬ
ݼʡ
ûǰֱ˽ٳֵ£ˣ
δջ񡣡ĽҲûһڵϵס
ॡǰֱֱ̨Ľȥδջˣֱһֻһãʮĵطʲô˼誣ֳµȥ֣ͷû뵽ֻдְɣô˴
˵̲סҿ
Ľûж㿪ֱֱ̨ͷϣӺС˿ȴѪӿ
û⣬̧ηۡ
Ҷ褣ұҷֳǿȵϱ£οźӣȻһʬʡϣ˵˸òңͷɲҸģԭ׼ܾĥ·Ҳζ֪˭ˣԭΪǾģڿĺ޿ɲ٣ͷҴˡ
Ҷᣬҩֻ˻ˣʶ㵽ǧͷϣԭֻ뾯澯棬ƫҪѰ·
Ľһϯ˵ģǴľ
ԭһ
ԣԽȻ˽ԶԴ̵ַ̣üֱ硣
ĽԣЦˡ
С󸸻һˣƽ֮£棬ʵƫںɶֹһθ߹㣬ǵߣ˭ܶȻʹܲסԼĶӣֻԼúøֳǼˡ
ˡȿȿȣֳҲﲻˣ褲Ǻúõڸϣôµ֡
Ļ̌ˣʵ˼ǰû¾ˣ
ʱᡣ
Ľһûߣʿû׶˼ҵİ褣һͷ׶Ҫ㣬ʲģֲֹһӣ֮жǣֻá
Σȿȡ㡭뷴ˣˣ㰲źõ·㲻ߣ㡭˵ţһ᲻һѪ
誶Ȼظȥչ˰褣˼ż㸸Ӳãĸչţֱܽӿڡ
Ǭ׵޹ܽҪͨ
ĸ
ȥɣǾûȥ褻żģ㲻㸸ʡ
ĽһۣûԼȷʵûϵ׻ᱻֱӹҳֻŰشû׼ڸһϢȻᵣġ
˳ȥûΪͬˡ
Ľ˵ţ׷˼ܽӲ˻
£ѽܼһڵĶͻᵽߣáܽº͵Ŀڣһۡ
Եɴۣһš
סſ죬˵ֻܷ׵
ԣµҩ

ǵģҩ£㿴㣬˵˻Ҳ֪Ҫʲô
ָ̧
ܽץָа׵ͷҲǳ檸ġ
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