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ϮƲңϫΪ־ڲ죬xinganqingyuanΪܳǵһС졣



ССףŻķˮʱһαӲקνй¡żĳʮƯֱƵˡ



ȴС֣ˣͷҰ~

ϫס



˭֪湫ӣڰڣϫޱ飺Σ

˳죬һЦ¸㰡



ʲô

İ



ҹڷߵСУϫ鰸غķڵ֦ҹɫиɭֲ



ӣ



һޱƹϫѵõ˸İۣתĹѾĳֽŲõĲס

ĵվȽŸս䵶Լ嶯



ĳ˹ɪɪйй

㴭ҧûסٲȥɹ»Ұ



ĳ˺ܻɫ ԴɿŶ



תȥĳ˹˴ǣааһЦ

ĺүX̱ʵɳС

ܿ𿼾Сģɳģɵġ

ƸԤաеСǡ±

һãһ

һСǧ𣬴Ӻ˽תСسǡ

Ӷ¥ĺζ죬໰ƪɡ

ʾɣ

һеĴǸѬԼδͬѧ

ͬѧף

ѧʱܳǸŮѧʱݱ걩˿ɱȰţ

һ̰ڰ̨ˣе̣ͷñǿ׵٣

գգۣǣһʮǮϡ

ܳܳʲô裿ɰС

ݼ˶ڱһ٣ҲɱԼһŭ֮˵ĵԿ

û취ˣва

Сһӣ㡣

УңС



ĳΣʣ磬ϲɶģ

ݵüһǰ͹̣Ƚɣ

ףϲ



?

ݣǲǶʲô⣿

Ŷһμȳš

֮ܶһҵ䣬һ߿ıһѧ˸֮лС־úѧϰ¸Ĺ¡

ݣˣǮ硣



˸ϷѧXǮװɳפһд

ֳǸʵޱᣬСˡ
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1

СϣСϣ
һһϤβš
ϫüͷ̧Ƥ˼£ƣ۾Ӧ֮Ŵƿȥ鿪˨
ĴŹǷ۾ûгͷ
⡣
ͷԺǱߣϴȥɡ
һ仰תҪߣϫҲ˴룬æסǱôˣ
ͷŬ۾һۣڰֻȥˡ
ϫվſڻ˻̾˿Ļȥˮϴ˸ʱ䵶ֱˡ
峿ܳҲ壬·˲ٳ̯͵Ĵ
ϫտҲĶӣͣ˸ͷ߱߿С
ϵʱ˼ڶУ˲ǲڵͷмɤ˹ȥ
˼һܳǲװ磬˫һ˵ĳûȨ
ϫû˽״һһҵŸ첲Ϊεһһ䡣
͵Ҽҵļϣ
ƨ˯úúõ񾭲һģﻹ͵ļ
ΪҲ֪ƽ˫ӾͲҼҼˣ㻹˭
٣տƾ˵ҿɲ˰
ôΣүѲɻ붯֣
ȶ֣
㣡
㣡
˳ųžɿϫ߸첲˫Ŵ׳һһ䣬ÿһ˵ľһ
Щ˵ɤҲ͵һġ
ΧѾвٱѵĽַھԺ۾鿴ˣʮֲ͡
ͣ
ۿҪˣϫСԶԶĸˣ˻ǰ
ʱɫУλүĸҪܶ࣬ҲСЩüĿģõͦÿ
ϫ˿ǰǿֱߵĸˣʵ˵Ҽˣ֪Ǻʱ£
˺ԥ϶͵ģҽû
ػûһ˷ϫüͷ΢䣺֤˵͵ģ
Ǹ¶Nɪı鿴ֱߵλ
ĸ˽˼䣬ͻȻըë˴𣺡˭һֻûУ϶۲
ϫʣֻûУ͵׾پͱˣֱڸ߱⼦͵ˡ
ĸԽ⻰ԽԾֲ֪η
ʱϫһתҲ˵Բ͵ġ
ɫһ䣬ʮֶʡ
ϫҪ֮ǰŵֻǷµýһ֤ݣǶ侲侲Σ
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ܴüһмֲˡ
ϫ״ѧģҲۣ¶Ϊ͵顣
ܴһãɲܰٲַˣ᲻ֹˡ
ЦŤͷԼڴ󺰣Сݣ
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СŮɫƣһӪģ
С߹ʱ΢΢ŻţԼСŮụ̂ŵˡ
ܴߵֱһѽǰͷûѰɣ
ϫ˲ܴһۣ󿴵СҡҡͷӬûѡ
ܴСŮԴ˵ҹ㽫ϻʱǲһֻ٣
ϫĲ׽СŮĶܴʱ˲Ĳ
Сݵͷ첲ָ࣬ճȭͷʮֽš
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ܴСݰ춼˻Ҫִˣ˼ŴҶڣѹǹŭҧưͣ㻰
Сŵöһ沿ţͷǡ
ܴһɣõ֤һЦݡ
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ʱ䣬Χһ
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СѾſˣ߶µһߣֿ
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ܴô˵
СݺµĿ£ҡ
ܴǿ˳ŭھҪ㣡
˵ţĿѰ֮Ķ
Сæ㵽ϫ
е޵ϫ̾ٴγྡԣס֡
ܴﻹ˭ԼŮԼѵˡ
Ѿͷô
ϫۿĶȻѾ޹أǲǸȸ˵Ǹ
ܴԵıִ˵Բ
ţҵһľ֦Ķϫ
ϫһ˿òܴץСݣȴǰһ̺ԼĺȨϽɱˣҳɷƹأĸǻᱻġ
תֱߵԶҲûӱ޵
ִ˼ĿǵӰ۾Ҳˣ˸۱߸˵Ļӡ
·ϣϫϵı΢ɥ̧ͷ죬ૣ簡磬Ȼˡ
ţҲѾһվһˮǰˢ
ſڵĶһȫŤͷķ򿴹һµתȥˢ
ϫ
ͷˢ߹򣬡ˡ
ϫ˵û¾ǸСţҭںƵǶʲôӣ
ɶͷЦǳôһ굽ͷиӡ
ֻҧˡ
ϫظˡ
ǵģԴͷǳܾǳǶܣ춼˵Աˡ
ЩëƤС¡
ͷȥǰá
ҹҹ԰Ϣϫطµ
ѹѾʱˣȥ˵㶫׼طʱһס
ͷһǱҹһ˳
ޱĴ˳
һЦߣǴȥ档
ϫü㲻ֵҹ
һνһֵ֣ɶҹżһβҪģʲôӡ
ϫǹأ
һżȥɷҲй°
ðɡϫǲͬ
һҰ˵ôôͨأҲʵʵֵҹ㿴ˡкü˶ȥ㲻ȥǲȺˡ
ϫЭаɡ
һɨһۣ°ͣҪȥѣ
ϫԼĹٷҪֵҹˣɡ
һü˼ҲУҲͦ˼ġ
ϫͷȥģ
һЦһֵĵط
лҪ˵ܿģ𿼾ܿģ𿼾ܿģ𿼾Ҫ˵飡ոոż˫Ʒб֤~
ٺٺٴкãôô~

2

һͬȫ˳ϫôһϽĹٷһȥԵøͻ
ǳȥģȥ참İ
ϫǶ̫죬һͷͷʶ˵Ҳǲ֡
һֱɫδ䣺պֵҹ࣬ȥɡ
֣Ҳ˵ʲôĸһͬ
һĳӣϫҲ֪ĿĵؾֻøȺ󷽡
Խ߾мԽ˾Խࡣ
ҹܳǲȣֵʱ
ϫǰû͵û¾ĴתơżһЩǿģеһѡ
ϫȷǲ֪һҪȥԽǰߣڱǼԽŨ
֬ˮۡ
֬ŨϫûԹ⻹û
ǰһ·ܳ¥Ĺʽһץһѣɻ˵Ļˡ
ˣ˵ĿԶ׼ˡ
סŲȥɣһǲȥˡ
⻰ɹǰ漸һһͣͷŹ֡
쵽ˣ˵ȥ
һǰ洩Ŀ˵𣬸ͻȻȥ
ϫɫ糣ͻȻе¡
һüͷһ壺ʲô°˵ôڣһˣɨ˳ô
ϫգӷɿתŸôѡ
Ĵ߸ѾʮֲˣĿⲻε´ְݵС
˵ʵĲΪʲôҪͬôСŵĲ죬ϸ첲ϸȵһšͶ˰ɡ
Сԥԥģ߸ͷˣɤӲˬĸƵĥĥģǲүǣ
⻰ֱ
ϫüһīӺض˴߸Ǳţ΢䣺ҪѿӰǿ֤㿴
߸һ㶣رԵһס
һЦŻΣЦţһȥɽǳǮȥײȥ
ϫûپܾ
˼ǰߣϫںͷ˿鲻䵭С
˵
ڲңϼĸϼʯҲǲ졣
һϮֻϪˡ
ǸŮϵĹغܳǵû˵ŮҿԵġ
ȻҲû˵ԡ
СǸסˣʱΪŮҵݱϼʯţֻܾϪģȥ˶ѡ
ŮҲͷ¶棬϶ġ
Ϊϼʯְҵԭ򣬴СͶԲ鰸ԡ
ƫƫɵǸǡ෴Ͻ游׵ְλȻϸǰһҹҹǱӡ
˳ϫ书Ҳá鼱֮ϼʯ㽻ʱϪְλ漴̤׽֮·ҲûѶ
ҲĸԸϪʰ̯ӡ
ȻڲŷʵȤɺҲˡ
ңǱҷˣҪģ
¥ֵطǰϪģû;ҲûٱϽȥȻÿζϴʾܾˡ
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˸߽ۼĹˡ
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ϫһνɫɫ˶У߾ЦЦʵҡ
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ţԼͷͷˡ
ķ˶ϵֺ֬壬յϫǰʱǵһƤ
ϣүôˣͷݹء
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ӭŷģץġ
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ʵʶһһˣֻǷиףǴĹٷȻ²һģСΪϡ
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̲ס࿴ϫһۣľСӰװ׾Ǻÿֻϧһ㲻ϵ߯˵ˣ
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һǴڶмЦץץϷ
Լмǿ鳡أͷ֮ģĻ󷽴źɫ衣
ԺʵĸоȷʵЩҪһ̽
~ʲôأ
Ե˲ĸ첲ϫɫĳ֣ǰľƱһڡ
ǹССҲ䵭٣Цڿټ𣿡
ϫ̨Ѿ˳һȥƿĻ衣
С˵ֻϧټѾӿˡ
˻˵ϫЩ棬¥ﲻӿͻܻڷԣֻƾĻУ
Сִսټ˿ˣһֱֻǸˡ
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΢ԶЩ𣿡Ȼ
СͼٴսĶһôˣ
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һһ£˵Ҫǹңͦÿ
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ϫ˿ʺ
߸ĹЦ£ָŶ¥Ҽû˵ķȥС
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ЦûоҵģÿΪ˷㶼ڸ;ȥˡ
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ֱûӣô³Ůӣ
ϫҪ㣬ֻղһĿʵ̫죬֮ȷʵҸضúϢһ£һ
ֻĶ¥ƺǸõط·üˡ
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˺ü䷿Ų䶨
䲢ûֵƺҲûжΪԷһ¿ÿģ𣿡
ûлӦ
ϫ̧Ŷ롣
ڵƻͨƺ㣬йɵʱڱǼ⡣
ͬǺǵ֬ζǺºŵġ
õط
ϫҿߴЦݣߵ齱ߣƿҪЪ
һƿɲˡ
ϵںڵķ˿ɢͷ֮ϣֻڶϷ¶ƬĹ༡
ü续糺죬˫ϸ˵۰봹ţ⵴Ҫ˵Ļꡣ
ÿ
Ҳ£漴գգۣ΢һǣӣ
лҪ˵ÿʮǰ°ɣ⼸ȶٶʱ~

3

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Ŀ˵ϣʮֵ˾䣺ⲻ¥𣿡
ôиСģ
ϵһ˲˲аίԹ
ϫڲڵ״εӣֱԼ侲˼һ
¥ûôͲСģ뵽ո¥ʱ죬˵¹ڲ
Ŀˡ
Һùﲻ⣬Ҫײϲˡ
˴Ų⣺ˡǷʲô𣿡
ϫ㶣ϵĹٷתҡͷûУߴˡ
΢΢Ҫ̧뿪ʱŲһ١
иO@ԼǸڴ·
֮⡣
ڻһ
ӵǹ˷Ҳ᳹׸㣬ϫֻϸһ
ոշĳ졣
O@ʵ̫ҶϫüͷȻѾƿӴ´һ˱˸ơ
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ɢĿڴߣ·ֻǸմһ룬´ɢţ½һղûмֲ
ԵøԻˡ
ӡ
ϫֻɨһۣƿĿ⡣
δ𡣡
δ𡣡
δ𡣡
ˮµѵ©ˮ
ԣû꣬ƬҲûž
̧̧ͷԴķ˹ȥ
ͫȻһ
ʵľķݺϣĨ޵ĺɫǵʺ˿ڰƮҷ
ڵƻȻͨҲֻڵ棬ϻǻ谵ġ
Ҳע⵽
ջߣĿڷĴѰţܿ䶨ϡǰȥε֧Ĺ˳ݶĺ
һץסһʹֱȦס˱ɹİȫں֮ϡ
뷿ľ벻һ˵ߣ䶨ĵطǹĺɫӰһξ롣
ϫĿһ¸߶ȣ΢΢վһĳǰŲ
һֱǹŵĺɫӰ߲ͣ
ϫͷۣŮ˵ɫ԰׺ѪɫĿĵӴǵ޴ѿڡ
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ʵʵ˵˵ɾܣˡ
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˼˾۽էȻֲ֪ʱԼĺܽܽ
ֻҪ̧۱ײ˫ǳɫһˮˮġ
ϫһ򵭶ٲҲܱסο˿һ׮Ȼ֪ء
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ת֮ʣָϴ΢ĴУϫһ㶣ͷ
Сָģ˻ΣˣͷҰɡ
ףǳ£İɡ
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һƿţֵģϫȻЩ졣
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ϫöˣǿŻײƫе࣬߹ȥɫࣺˡ
һŲ̨ϵĹȥˣֻ̫ĽſĻʲô°
ĿУǶĽעԣ̨ЩϣѰƺûں˵ĳ˾жء
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Ҷǳһڷһ¶ˣȻ֪أҲȻỳʵ
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·
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תĿ֮һ㶡
סǳ˳飬Ϊ·ôûã
뿪ʱǸģ
Ŀģ㲻˵ֳ𣿡

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һԭ
ڸеһ˿Σ·ǿȴõġ
䣬ٴͷ´ã˶ӲĲӣһð⣺ҿ𣿡
ϫδű㱻ٴƿˡ
һ𱡣
ϫ߹ȥָŴ齵ķ
ʮֽ˵С鲽˵ǰ
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һǰȥϸ˿˿ڣԼʬĵطжӦɱ
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ĿʣĹɣ
ϵˮȻݺᣬŴסΣȻǰǰټ¥Ļư
ϫ΢΢һ
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ԣͬһˡ
ͻȻһת嵽ǰһѱһģӣΪΣΪҪǰټذ
ȴ˭ҲûĿϫʪʪģֱߵСģܿ
һʣΪξ϶ɱģ
ټֻӴһλˣοҲ˽Թʵ벻˭
ˣλСĹҲ˵⻰
ϫĿתԼˣùֵֹġ
˵ܵƾһ㶨˽˽Թֻ㲻֪ģŻġ
ص̾
ϫϵı鲻ʹʧȥ׬Ǯߵź
ʱһԵһˣʣǣ
ڽȵĿƿϫ漣ľ˿
ơ
ϫԵͷֵ
һȴüͷǾþ棬Ǹ˵ӣ

лҪ˵Ϸʹҷݣҹֻܹô~쾡ֳ~
ЦһҲǰǵһŶ~
ʵҷʱ24Ź㣬25Ҳˣ26ţҲ㣬ȿȶ԰
һǧ֣ң˫
⣬ľϹҳģȻҲʲôģ𽲾̫߼~

4

ŰƬ̣һȱȽΡ
ϫҪʣһ֮鷴ӦԿ⻰ͻȻѿڶġ
˵ӡ
ơ
ϫڴѰ˻ȷʵû˵һ򲻴оţҶûס
ֻƮƮĿһƺûʲô̫ķӦ
һҲȽϺԼһʱûɲס죬˼Ǹں
ǣҲˣѾ˻ںʲôء
£һֱӽղŵγ淭ƪ˿ģʽ
ɱ𣿡
Ȼǡ
Ϊλ
͡
֮ǰûע⵽ʬ壿
ϫشģҽʱҲûע⵽
һüͷ˵Ŀ
ϫֱӶˬ
һջĿ⣬ԵȴǴðǹĿϫ
˰ʵҲûʲôĥһͷ
ʱѾǰţ˵ȫԼķ䲻ֳֻʣϫˡ
ĶѸ٣ܿǴ𸴣ʬʱԼһʱ˿һӦǵذ֮ĶΨһ㡣
һֻǸһѰҴ𰸵Ҫһʡ
𱲢ϣ˵λүǣǲ𣿽춼ôˡ
ϫֱޱľܾԡ

ͷͶȥһ
ʵֳĴﶼвڳ֤ݣΪǶ¥½Ӵˣȫûл뿪
һ飬ҲֻаټŮԼԺĳû˿֤
Ǹʡ
˵ҵʱӲԸȥϢˣˣɫҰײҰ׵ģȥɱˡ˵ˣҺԩ޳ģȥɱ
ŮС죬С˵ﵱʱûã뿪ˡҲÿÿʱӶڷǲŵġ
ͷʣǹ뿪ȥ
С̧ͷѸͷ˵ҾԼķ㶫
꣬ʣһ
ҲһֱֳĬȴ֪ʱŲϫߵˡ
֪ĻΪҲǹٲеһԱ
ϫĬĬһۣŲЩӡ
һλѾˣλĳͣͬҲûвڳ֤ݡ
ͷͷʾԼ֪ˣţܣȫȥɡ
СȻǷģ޲һظ˲Լɱġ
ʱСңң϶ɵģ
˵⻰ʱָųġ
һʱ䣬ҶͻȻָ֤һʱ㶵ĳ
Сŵ϶ǹһֱԸһɱǹ
ƨڷӦСͻָ֤ķӦ˵ǳҡ
ֱӳǰȥһѾסСͷݺݳͷƤֱǵСֱС
һɱ˸˴ֲ
Ŀ࣬С֮ܶԸ˵ġϫۼֿһǰס󣬶һ׾ٵже
Сųﱻϫס˫۳Ҫٴγǰһ֡
ϫŵһֱֻӴϳһֻպСļ
ӱ飬СҲס˻˻ۡ
ϫ˳ٶְȫؽظʮ¡
أɹͣ˼뷨
ȶϫ߹ȥվԼԭλá
ʱִչͷ
ȵϢԼߣϫĿۡ
ƹԹԵԱŲŲ
ͷʣո˵С㻳ʲô˼
СͷѾң˼ȴģ˵Ϊ˵ķ˺ܲθڣΪ˴µǮң͵Σ˸Ǻǹġ
ͷһйϲ䣬û㲻Ҳǹ޲𣿱ΪҲ֪ǵСžš
Сʱܻ㣬Ҫ˵˵
￴ⷴӦǇNɪЦͷ˵˸ɣҪ˼ˣץ˻ɱҲûҹˡΪҲ֪ڱ˵Ļ㻹Ǻ޲˼ҡ
һʱ֮䣬ֿʼָһһģҲûֱ˭
ͷ΢һϫۡ
ǰǯסһˡ
ͷǶɱ˶ôҪȫߡ
˳źͷںȻͷӢ˵ӣҲһɡ
ϫŲһ٣ѹСۣͣײͶ
ʪģСģ
ջߡ
ʲô
лҪ˵˫ľУǶСͨȥںԲˣȿ˫ҿ϶ᲹϵģĵӦ֪Ĵû԰ɣǺ~˵ˣҪ˯ȥˣ~
Ҫ˵ǣ˫֮ÿ춼Ƚ϶СŶǧÿ죬Ϊڰû룬 Ҫѹȴڰ񵥣ҺᲹȵ~

5

˴ηǰС컹ǲĵסϫ䣬ݣûɱˣƾʲôҹ
ͷ˵ϫҲ֪˶˵˻šһ˵ƭ˵ģСͳﻥָʱдʣ֮ǰ˵Ĳڳ֤˸ضû˵ʵ
ɹ⿿һͰ˸
ߵͬʱϫûססͷ
ͷĿɻ󣬲ʱЦЦ֪ҪʲôʵҲûʲôرɣڲ鲻ʲôҶֲ˵ʵظôҶŻ񡣡
ϫüˡ
С߳Ǳض᷽ңˣôΪԼӹ֮ųҲض
ս
뵽⣬ͷָָһͷȥ˼˼Ͱ˷˰ɡ
ϫʵ⣬˲Ҫ𣿡
οҲȷʵɡ
ͷƳϫЦС治װ
ϫЦͱˡ
ͦģôһ㲻ϵͷҾ㣬۳ʲô
ϫ룬򡣡
ͷһ򣬡ĵճӰ
ϫ֪ˡ
˵ƣ˵ĵճҲжš
ҲȥˣֻǻЩҵҲ֪һЩˡ
Ȼ඼һЩ¡
һϫòϣǸ࣬¶㵹ҲΪ档
Ҫһǣ˵ľˣֱӽܳǽϽ˵
ĶӣķҲЩ붯Ͷ˵ġ
ϫӣһЦ
ҹɫһԹԵȥֵҹ࣬ҲΪЩСƻȥЪϢ
ɭֻʣһˡ
η˼ȥʵǻʲô£
ϫһ֣Ĵָ䵶Ħţͷ󡣡
⣬ԲŽţΪͷǾŮбڵǿЦĺСǱηûһ
ϫȥʱľϣյģǸԼľء
ҲˣԼҲеţ౻һֲĳ¡
һ˫۾˲⣬˫һɨ£ߵǰҳȥ𣿡
ϫˣŵηϣĿİȫ롣
ˣЩ顣
ƴӣģʰɡ
ϫ΢ͷÿ춼ȥҰټ𣿡
ǡƴͷЩɥ֮⣬ϫĸоһ˿顣
ϫʣȥûȵټҲûа㻳ʣ
ҡҡͷûС
ϫЦˣ㾿ȥԼ˯ģȥҹ˯ģ
ڿ̧ͷĿĿһ
ϫһȻһʱȻԼΪ潵ĸо
£Щ̫ȻҼʱڴŲ
ѵȲȰˣƽȹ
ȻĻûʡ
ηΧ˵ƺ̾Ϊʹš
ϫ΢㶣ʹ
ָָ󣺡˵ˡ
ϫü߹ȥ䵶ָһ⣿
˻ϵĺʹһ㡣
ϫ˼Ŀܾýᷢʲô
Ȼ˳˶㿴Ҷôʹˣȷҳȥɣ
ߡ
ЦεˣֻҪ۲û¡
գգ̵ۣ۽Ǵ΢΢죺Ҿÿˡ
ϫҲֻпźϾǴĨ޵Ц
עԼĪ˰̣йƵֱҲˣֻĬĬĿ
ϫĵͷʱ䣬ȥֵˡ
־úЦȻôۣͱվ˸Ͻ°ɣףΡ
ϫߺ󣬰лعһƬƽ
ĿĳĿ뿪ķ򣬴ᳶţٿһЦ
˵ڵģϷڳˡһ˵Ȼ𣬴˿˿ɳơ
üһɻľ֮ϣһԺ̬͵˵
Цˣһǽ֮οС𣿸ǽҶоŨŨˡ
˶٣ֵҲˡ
һô˵
Ǿʹ˴˻ϻǰ죬Ǹηģ˵ҲطǮǵùһ֡ҪװԼز˵Ҫȥ䲻ϱһ¾ͱʶˣʮ壬ǿɶʵʵϴ򰡣ⲻûȥûˡ
ҪҪˡ΢ôһĶûٷԣⲻƤ֮ࡣ
ղǴģ䲻ϲЦȴǸ˵ġ
˵𣿡
ιι
΢۾΢
Ṵ˵
֪˶ãη֮гʱʱĴû
¹£һӰĴһηֱͣη֮⡣
ӡ
Ǹţ̬⡣
ɫͶ£˫ǳɫӴ˿̺ڳޱȣ׷𣿡
׷ˣ֪ӳ»ûüʡ
ˣ󣬻˿˿Ц⣬˵Ļȴ˲Ƥ˸˼͹ȥ
ǡӰˣҩ
һЦɫȴйɸ֮ˣŰɣԽԽá
лҪ˵̫ˣûдˣԲ
˫ ȻǷµģʱ䲹ѹʲôģ˵ɡ

6

ֵشҹǼĥ˾飬ÿÿϫֵ꣬˶ģմϴ̱˯
ǽղУҹͷֻһ˽˷˵飬ȥǸˡ
ηڣſϻ˯ϫĶæһ
ϫҡҡͷû£ǼԿ׸ҡ
ȡԿףϫֱȥ˹ѺƵη
˲ӲľϣûжӦǻûѡ
ϫҲûŽ˼ĿܾλүЩ̫һ
˵ʵڵģηĻͦġǰ꣬谵ηΪ⣬ֳʪ
һͨƽϰնԽܣһүֹܹԹԴһϡ
ĻǰţҪ֣ǵóȥҲס
Ļơ
ȥͦԣ
ľϵ΢΢˶˸泯ϫ
˯ĻͦģûļϫǽסЦιѣ
Сһ˵Խһ˻ˡ
ûж
ϫע⵽ʱС΢üͷҲǽ˶ѡ
ü졣
˯ô
ҡҡͷԼǿž񣬱ֱӴȥ
վľǰļƣˣ
ûӦ
˿Щͣ𣿲š
ˣƵ۾
ϫ鲻õ
ϵһɿģҡϴԼΪñһԵƣѹ˼ӡӡ
ţϫֻû˯ѣ
ʲôˣ
ϫֱӼ򵥵ˡ
һϵзӦ⻰Ӧúܸˣ˲ŶԡƫƫȴŹֵʲôӦûУ˫۾ǰ㹴ˡ
ûһ¶ûУҺˡ
ϫû̫⣬ɫıѿڶҿɫй˼ɣ
ģӣʾǰһ̽
ϫע⵽ɫǷ죬ɫȴ԰ףв̬
ǰһʳָָͷ
ȷʵ̡
˼ұϾţʪĻһҹҲΪ档
ϫ
Ҳַסʱ΢˼¡
ϫüͷһ壬ס˿˭֪һ룬˵ϡ
˵°͵򴦣տľѣֻ̣첲ҲиĴࡣ
ͨͨ
Ҳ˵Ϊͷ
ˣ
бǸȻѣʹðʹá
ϫæƿҴҵȥ䣬ȥƴ
䣬ȥ
ϫֱȥͷķſڣ˺üûӦȴǸֵͬҹ˯µͬűˣ˯Ŀϫû˵ͷһȥ¥鰸ȥˡ
ϫʣʲôʱ򣿡
͸ոհ
ϫֻȥպײϱƵ䴭
ϫͷԷۣйƵָԼӣȰŴȥ
Ҫηȥ»ϫԼ
һһأ
ϫԼϺţĿ쿪ʼ
ⶼʲô
ܿͳˣɫףãôص˾Ȼڲҽôɴˣ

˵ЩˣһҲѱ˵ȫ֪أԼ˸ССʹĿҪˡ

ϫһԹԹԵһԭҹ˵ľġ
ˡ
ͦεġ
ţֻܴһɲ治ζ棬˰Űɵġ
˼ǵʱ䣬ɫˣߺĽҩıҩƿӽ
ӵģϫӦѸ٣ƿҩҪˡ
ֺһ߰ͷÿʱ㻻һҩѪҲû
䣬һ˦ӣˡ
ϫԭر˱ۣҧӡ
ڴϣɫȥ٣ȴԵøӲ԰ˡ
ϫ̾˿ĻεģţҲڲܼʱΡ
ŴмһӸϫĿռ䣬ھһġ
ڵŴҲȥ˯һĴûȥŲȥ

ϫܣհĿͣڲ 
ȫյһԣȥЪϢ
һۣ˯˹ȥ
װŮ˯ȥ˸O@
лҪ˵ȿȿȿûˣҺͨˡҪһУΪһǺкеģԾУҪûֱshi

7

ƿϵı죬΢ͷԼϱ˿ڡ
ĿްأĿݶ
һ̣ݶƬƿůһ⡣
书ǿؼ
ĵƤ΢𣿡
Ѿȥˣŵòᡣ
˼ĵͷһЦǸˡ
Ӱһ㶣죺ټ
üҴȾƣȵΪֹ˷ĴڡɣʱӦҲٶ֡
Ӱͷǣ

ϵŮȻ۾ӵĻʱ䡣
ϫϣ̧ȭô߲
һ˯治
ӾͺηľһӲ˯Ŀռ仹ҪСһ㡣
Ȼ΢ôһˣɻҲġ
ܶѹϫء
ɫ
磬ֻ˯ʱ
ȥĳر߽ˮģ˲Żݡ
ϵƺ˯ʱƣʮְ
ϫֱӹȥƿıӣָÿߵ
ѩɫıѾвѪ͸ȥȷʵͦء
ֱͷ㻹ãյˡ
ϫ򶪸ıҩٰ࣬ӷڴߣڵϡ
Ϫͬ˵رһϲһö
νıŸ±ʵҲǱɫݡ
ʱŮüĿ䵭ޱ΢ۣ۽ëȵһں˼ʲô
κȵ۽޲΢
ʱһΪԼ˯ԶһԵ䵶
ŵÿ춼Լһ䵶ϫָûã䵶ոµģĥĥƬķ⡣
Ϫ񣬽䵶ֻеһʱ-
֮Ҳû֮أǸƷ
䵶ӵһǶڵƬĦ˻˻Ƶ쳹ڣž˲
ϵƺ˶۾
˫ڰǳɫһ˲˲Ŀ򴲱ֱ߱վϫ
ƵУǰѸճĽӳϵ䵶
֮⣬ֲϣϹ¶ʮֹЦݡ
޹գգۣʶӸǻˣҪʲô

ϫѹȥܾⳡôô˾ŲԾ
£ûסǳ˳顣
ڱɪɪģǿеĺɫ֮ͽһ
Ǹġ
ûɣ
ϫתֽһŲڴ齱ԵĴ򴦣û졣
һϥϣ䵶ĵĻưš
ƺ
õָ京ζˡ
ƹԹ
ǰ½󳨣ʵļ¶ǰ
ϫü˿ȥĽУû뵽Ļͦϡ
ǻŮӣĶӣǺ޲ȥҧһˡ
ƫƫϫЩ޸С
ϪҲУЩͬеҲУʲôôСֵģֵһᡣ
һƤ׺ܶģˡ
ϲŵıΪ˱䣬˺üȦʱ˸ʵĽᡣ
ϫֱ÷䵶һ㿪ˡ
ƴۿŴҲҳɹıȫԼ¸һ
ϫƳһЦһԵƷʾתȥ
˿ұߺԵתŷ㻻ҩ
˿ڱԵϫͦСĵ˺Ѫסı
˿ڵĴСȥ䵶Ȳ࣬ذף֮˶ɡ
˿ڴΪҹδʱЩѪģ
һۿȥͦĿġ
ϵĶˣµҩ˿ϣϱ
һУҲϵת˻
һţĿһûжüͷһ
ѲɻҪ
ôģƿɲǡ
ִ̧䣬ͷϵ´յͷǵĿʱסס˶
̧ޱϫ۽һЦˣҵĸÿ𣿡

ᳶ´ƫǲϵϣЦ˺Ľɡ

⻰ɻǿ϶һ˿⡣
ϫ˿ʲôҪĽ
͹ʵһѡ
գգۣĿȻϫǰԼģǳεڹϣʮûĵġ
Ϊ˸ȷһ㣬Լģǳ϶ŹӲ

Ҫ
˻ض԰ɣ
һãˡ
ҧ㣬ң
δ˵ǰ˴գͦͦشĻɡ
䡪
̸̣

лҪ˵~϶Уҽһ㡣
˵պ6.1ǰףǶͯ~~mua~һ~

8

ϫƫ䵭ٻεı¶Լϲŭ֣ȴױըëȫ˼ƣĽ˳ȥ
Ƴ˸ŸſڿЦ£ҡҡͷˡ
ϫվţﲻѭƸոյĿ
һһʱͷʱܻһЩҪϸ֦ĩڡ΢侲ʹӷת
Ǿ䡰εڹʱġʶİɣòεҲװİɣ
ϫ˿뵽Ӧòᣬ˵һ˼εҲܻʶֻѲѡ
ǰҲйҹ﷢գ֪ϪѲ
ǸС˼˵ģܸоûôء
һȥǵ˯˿Ҳȫޣʮ־
Ҳ˯ˣȥʰӲôˡ
ϫֱȥͷ˭֪ȥŷһڻû
Ҳû˼˯ˣҲȥ¥Ǳ߿
¥ûϫŲԶͷǡ
ͬһһ
ϫȥ䵶ϡ
ͷֵЦⶫʲô
ϫü΢һа㡣
ͷһʼû˵
һҲ
ϫ򴽣ôˣ
ͷ£߳űҡͷⰸӹһʱҲ鲻ʲô
ϫʣΪʲôô˵
һȳԺˣ˵鰸֤ô׵飬ο¥ҵˣˡ
ҵϫɻ󣺡ѾʱڲԿҵ𣿡
˵ͲһЦˣǿ¥ÿжٿˣȨҪǡ
ͻȻͣϫһü
ͷƿǰֻʣһ׵룬ҵӣܲ
ϫÿЦֻû˻氡
ͷ̾ͷô˵ô졣
أʱ˭粻С߳κһˣǾͳ˵ѲҪУϫüֱ֡
Ϫ񣡡ͷǳ⣺עԴǡ
һ˿˵ɫսͷƲȥѡĬ
ãϫţ˵ֳȫƻˣҪôȥ
ͷҲղŵһĲᣬỺҺγ֪룬㣬ңǴҲһССĲѣЩȨ̫΢ᣬһ㻰ȨûС
ϫҸףΪʲôҪ£
ͷҡҡͷʾҲ֪飬Ҳ¿ΪҲֳԭǣԼ𣿡
λ˸ִһʣֳ֤ݼпܱƻ
鱾ܼ򵥣±ضд𰸡ɱһͣһжûңȫ޴֡
ϫʣչ
ͷһۣߴӶǮߵ鵽ȻȻͳˡ
ȥ飬ϫϵ䵶ͷҵʱ䣬뿴ܲܲЩʲô
ͷΣͷʲô飿
ϫ˶񣬰Ƶ˵£³ͻȻһûļʡǡˣ˿ھǷĵΪ鲻ôɺϡ
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ϫ»ڣֻܳܳǣ򡣡
ͷղ򣬼û𡣡
ϫ֪²֪־˭һλ޹أҲ˰޹أҲǺԩĺá
ϫãСͳҲǼпֵģֱ֣оûôˡ
ټɻƣҪúò顣
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Ĳݲ˰ûҪˣϪѡ뿪Ҳȷġ
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ȥ¥ûȻյ˲ٲͰۡ
ȥۡҪƣȴ֪˻Բ޷´߶
ϫ˺üرŸ
ô˻Բѣûϸ𣿼ʱκֻ輸챣˶͸һһûС
Ĵܴ죬ڡ
ϫйڴϣЩǼԼϢʱȥ鰸ûʱúϢɽʲôûʵʮܴ졣
ǸģڴϷȥ˼Σһ
ӹ﷭լԿס
ǼҾһ·ΪŰסҲǰ顣
ϫᳵ·˶δصԼҡ
Ҷ
޻ӦյլһҲûС
쵽ʱ֣Էʱ䣬ǳȥ˻û
ϫҲû࣬һʱûȥԼķ䣬ǾֱϪӡ
˶ڼңլŵŮҶҲὫɨĸɸɾ˳òڻҳɵ
ϫеĿġ
Ϫ¹淭ѣЩλøΪ˷ӴܣڼҴߵġ
ϫЩװ޸УҲ֪ЩÿЩÿվоųµİɫ
·ǵϪȷʵֻһΡ
ҼûˣϫֱӾѸˡ
ϳӲΪԼȥӵģҳϪϲĹҼϡ
ƯΪϲЦŸٴϲһҺɫٷԵøֲ顣ᣬһɫüĿ续ݰף΢΢һЦǸꡣ
ЩƫᣬϪͲһˣͻᴩ´磬ٴǸƤ֪࣬˶Ůġ
ү
ţ
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ֻǡŰɨʲô
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Ҷ£Ǿϲıʱ佩ӲסΪϲֱɨ§סϫӣС㣡ȻС㣡Сˣ
ҶֱܷΪ棬ΪҪϪݣ˵ʱѹɤӣ֪ĺҶֱԼˡ
ҼѹɤӣҶô꣬һˡ
жЩ峺ȪôѹţϪģֻܺŪŪˣ˲ܲ
ȦסϫôҲ˵ʵˡ
Ҷɿϵɨ㻹µСࣺ˻ͼųţΪ˼أŻˡ
ϫٴγ˳飬ɨ㡣
øɨƷˣ
û뵽СˣС㴩ү·ĺ񣬸ոһӶûϳҪС˵ˣһүء
ϫš
ŶŶԣˣСȥշ¡
ԴϫٰϪסźٻؼңҶû˱ʮһ˴ڼңἤ˵ˡ
ʹȥϫæסȱ𣬷Ҹٻԣ⼸аӣҵøϽȥˡ
ҶһйƤ˰ģСͲܶ𡭡Ҷ㰡
ϫ̾ķ١
Ҷǲãۿʼˣǣϫ䣺ҪСҸҺһȥ
ϫˣҵĽ㣬ȥ鰸ģô㰡
οص㻹¥
Ҷ棺ʲôӰ
ϫӦҲ֪ǰ¥Ǹ
ҶһüʣֲǶҵ𣿡
ϫһбۣҵˣ˭˭˵ģ
һʵĺҶһʱԷ£͡˶ô˵ѽ˵Ѿˡ
صǹˣ²˵֪ν˭ˡ
ֻǷ滹ϼնַ˭ųģ
Ҷϫ˼ҲҴֻԹԵİһԡ
ϫһѰסҶļģЩǼٵģӸûҹܲţɱԡ
Ҷͷ֪С㡣
ϫЦ£ԹæСȥ档
ҶͷСƵġ

ϫֱӾȥ¥˸ģ꣬һ־̬ҡ洺ӭ
Ӱټ֮˿ûбʹ顣ֻеһ죬ʬʱ¶Ǹû׬Ǯߵź
һֶͦġ
ⷴӦҪġ
ϫ⼸յûв鵽ʲô֤ݣӰټֲ鿴
֮⡭ߺߡ
Ӹ𱣬ϫٶһյߵ˼䡣
ЦЦͰİɵ
ϫţٹҵĿϡ
쿴վǵĹӺÿΰôû
Ҳû¿˰
ÿǺÿһǸϲӡ
ף~
лҪ˵ϫҧã˰
쳬~ֻѹǧһ~~
ˣҪȥˣһǸ
_(:١)_

9

ɽ׸ıƣϫ뵽˳ﲻסϾǸԶİٻйƬҶմ
ֻû뵽ôˡ
ǡǡˡ
գǲġ
¥ģ磬¥ʶܹ⣬ⲻҲϲ
תȥ
Ǣ̸
˵ʮ־񣬡ǰڼҴĿ췢ùˡ
ǹôôûһΪټˣԺҲء
ǻЦôأҲǱһЩµˣ𣿡
ӡ
ϫǣţǰĹˡ
ģҪλ
ΪģΪķסڰټڣټ俿棬мǿӣ÷ģһСӡ
һǽ֮
ƵԸٴ̽ջҪҪ
סڰټڵĹС䣬Щǰ̽ġֻÿҪѯʰʱ˵С䲻ǳˣ˲ҪȻڽӿͲ㡣
ƫƫӳǱ߶Ѿʩ¥û취
ʱеһڡ
ӺݻŮ˿ڴ֮ϣͷϸһˮմʪ
·һӹڵϣģ¥𱾭µķԸÿζǲ£ֳҲĺܸɾҲһ˿
Ůֻϧûܳ
µʧ¶ѵǡ
Ůüͷ˼⣺㣬е㹦֪ģѵԸԸͿԵģ˭ڰб
˶٣Ůֵʱ˸ҵʵʱٴζ֡
ǡ

ӣ³÷𣬺ˬúȣҪҪСôѯţѾʰһֻƱˡ
ϫͷƱԵСһڡ
ζŨңȷʵ
̧ͷ˵ЩʲôĿⴥС΢΢գжǻôֹסüʣˣ
С´ǺЦ⣬ҡҡͷ
ϫüôô죿
òϳˣֲˣ
⻰һСֵһۡ
ϫϰµģòİɣ
ѽС˶յתȥӣô鰡
˵⽿תǧصģѰǱֵ˹ƫƫϫǸӡ
ӣӲȲ֪½죬ٲ֪ɵˡ
ϫǳ鴤£ǸСϤϤ˵˵˵°԰ɣ
Сתϵı鲻̫ˡܿϾ˼ҳǮǮȻܸ˰ɫġ
ֻ
ǰλӣ棬Ǳ֮Ӳȥ
һӣȻֱӾ͵šܽ˲ġ
ֻϧЩľګЦûԼ
СһԼ︹ţϫѾѰ˼ôʲźá
ϫתתһ֣ƺµһݸС䡣
Ṵ𣬵ԵûôԽӽˡ
СЦŽ˹ҲһСڡ
ϫ˻ôֻô㣿
СЦһΣ̫࡭̬᲻õģ
˶٣ֺˣʱôźء
ϫСǰĻоųľƱݵСǰЦû£źҲһġ
Сһ㶣ȴǸˣͰ͵˵ԭԭϲǣġ
СӹѾݵߵľƱ˵һ
ϫһһĵС価һ
ĹЩı͵ˡ
ϫ˲ٸ֮ƿȥͦС˼֮һʼûʲôӦ㿪ʼɫ죬ģ
۾գԺĿ˵ʱƮտյûоۼĵ㡣
Ҫǣĸ
ϫ뵽˺ƨɡ
ȡ
С俪ʼ´ﻹȡ
ϫæס֣˵С䣬С䣿
С˦˦ͷ˸ãҪ˵ʲô
ˣϫ㲻ŹĨǣֱ˵ʣټ
С£˵ҺͿԼ䰡
ϫʣûټʲô
Сһϫҽ⿪·ǰģĻܷӦͬһʱ̱ϫˡ
ϫ˷ܵģķӦʵķӦ˵һʲôСһ֪Щʲô
Ǻ֮ұСҧŴ꣬¶֣ʲôҲ˵
ϫճһַֻϣһһţš
αװƫȴĸһְȫУС䣬㾿֪ʲôҪ£ֻҪ˵ұһỤȫ
ȻѾСĿϫ˫ڳ۾ĿİꡭǧҪ߱ˡ˴ܡ
ִܣϫѿڶ
ܡ˼ɲֹһ֡
лҪ˵٣ȣյеںܲð˻ûճҩϢһ죬˫ϣǧ֡϶Уһ춼ûг̣Ҵ~

10

СΪˣ̬͸¶һɵģ
ִ˸ã³˵ľ
ʹܰ˾ûˣشսϫߣѹꡭܸ߱ˣҿҪùģ
⻰ͷһᣬ˵ϫ
ϫһߵĽ˴ϣʰϱСϡͿ»ӵ˵ľƱ
ỹ磬϶ǲھߣ˳ɻ˻ɡ
ʱ䣬
ﶼǴܺϵˡ
֮䣬᲻ʲôϵ
Լֹ˰ʱϵС䲻֪˼
ϫȥ
ֻһţһϲ
˺ü춼ûµˣſڡ
˼£ҪҪץﴽӣþò
ϫüͷһϳˣ
ɿ˨ϵ֣еվǰЦӺ£һñˡ
Цӽװ磬Ǻÿء
ãϫú鷱ӣûü㣬ϵô£
ƸɿСϫǵ鷳¶ˣ˼¡
ϫüȴӣǷڲ鰢ټһ
ϫŹֵĿһۡ
ƵͷЦһġ
ģʲôҪҪ˵һ˼ϫӦˣȥ̸ɣﲻ㡣
λòӣ֮󣬶ٹٴι١
˾ͽѰһҲݣһ᷿
ϫÿڿˣǰСĲˮһ
䣬Ҳ豭һڡ
¿տյĲ豭ϫ˫ֻأ˿̬ࣺʲôҪ˵ģ˵ɡ
ĿתĶ˫ӽķʪ⡣
һžӨһ£ϡ
ϫһӾסˣĿɿڴĿͻĲ
ˡҲ޵
ҲԣǸ˾ͻޣû˿ޡ
԰û۸ʲô
˶ίƫƫţ۾һգգģȴˮ۵ۿҲʢʱԶ
ߵۿ΢죬δδµ飬ѹţβҲǡ
ģ
Ȼˣһ˲˲ĶϫԼոǲǷѳ˵ڶ˸ݺһ١
˵ʵһǰ޵滨ģ˭ӲϫһҲǡ
ûû
һᣬһߵӣһҪȾҰ
ϫûʲô˼
΢΢ɳƣʵ֪ɱټ˭
ϫһ˫Ϊ΢΢ŵ۾һ˫ֳŲ΢΢ǰţһ˿˿˭
ô࣬Ҫˡ
Ƶһ˫һʱ޿̲⣬ʱۿʢӯӯˮŵǹ⣬Ľϧ
ϫ濴С¡
Ǻ˵ڵΣ
˶ԬӨ
ϫüͷ૵ԬӨԬӨԬӨ
̲סгһ̣ǰͫ׷Ŵһ˹Ӧס촽
ԬӨ̫ϫˡ
һ˫ؾȡ
ԬӨĵڶӣҲƵġ衣
ǣһ¥Ůԩ޳ģιʡ
ϫ˼⧲ı˵ڵϣױӲʵĵذĵ졣
˵ϵأѹ
Ȼƻǽʵʵѹϣһס촽һ˿
ϫɵ۾ᣬҡԴ﷢ϸġ
һ˫۾Ǿ֣˵С㡣
ϫͷ
Ϳ֡
һͲ֪ˣͻȻסϫҲûñӺɵɵıĴɿȱˮȵСƵģڴڼȡϢ
ʵΪĶǸŮӣӵҲֻ̫Ǹո̫ȣοɱ⧲ѹʵʵ
ģܷӦܼʱ
ʳָڴ˸Ķָָ᷿Ĵ
ϫüͷȥֻһģӰһ
ϣûȥĴ㣬ͷ°ͷϣȵϢɢߣС㣬˸ǡ
ϫʵҲµˣӦӦòǼ·ˡ
ֻǡ
һҧţҹȥ
һֳŵذվ
ϫĻҳǻһҺΪԷһ´ˡ
գգ۾۽ϻŵˮóʪԴ죺ӣΪǰġ
ϫӲ̧ۿǴйϢĵطһƤ
ȻѾĻ˿
ʱиҪ鴦
˿΢Ĳˮѹס⣺˵ǣΪʲôɱټ
ĬĬͷΪҡ
ϫʲô˼
̧ͷĿ˸ΪҪɱģҡ
һ㶣Ƭ̳Żɵ̬ȣ˵⻰ڿЦ
ҵļ£ܳǵ˻˽⣬ϫ
ǳĵճӣҲǵڵԬӨ̧ģֻϧϥӡ
ƾһ㣬ͲѲµԬӨ˱жϥһ̧ҡ
ܳǵֻһλӣôһģ˵ԬӨദĻãôմƿдģ̫һأ
ģָָ˿ڣʱɱңû뵽˰ټ
ϫţǣǲĸ𡭡
⻰˵ƱƮһԹ
ϫɿȻ׵ģ㸸׻ڣôɱ֣
ƽŲߣΪѰȫУһָֻס䣺Ҹһղһգ˵ֻһ԰ңΪûоҡ񣬳дȨԬӨУұȹϵϣ׵ĸ򡣡
ƳСΪβЩ¸㡣
̾ģʹͨһˣ
˶٣ֵҲҪȥˣһùľ㡣
ʵ֪ԬӨϫѾ֪ټȥˣΣ첲ŤȣôȵùմȨĳˡ
ֻǡĿʣأ
ۣҶԳλȫûȤֻ̤ʵĻȥˡԡ
ϫüû˵˵ȥ
̧ۣﴽЦҼ˶ˣֻйһ˻ڼ֣ɼǸһǻѪĺˡֲּԣܷܲ빫ӱһʱ䣿
лҪ˵˵ʲôҺ˵ʲôˡȿȣжԲ5555ǣοд
˵һ£ľϹдģûʲô̫ɣ̸̸С~

11


ʱһ̡
֪˶ã͡һϫбۣЦλӣ⻰һ㶼Цء
ƨǺǡ
Ƽȷһ飺˵ġ
ϫȴͷˣ֧һȴڵϣĵĿһʱһοôĹóˡ
⻰һƼˣ˵ûϵģôҲ϶ֻ֣Ұ˴ɱո͵ģҲڻĳ䣬֪᷿ãҲǲġ
˶٣˵ֻҪһʱ䣬Զھǵľ˾ңұ뿪ȥĵطúûˡңҿԳǮ
Ĭţһޱ顣
ֳ˳䣬һͿˣҿã϶ҲǲĿڷɡ
ϫޱ飺ⲻǻĺúõģ
ҡҡͷָԼĺء
ôôܻûָϫŲĹһ̽̽䣬ﲻҲúõġ
δ䣬ͬʱĶһִæİϣΪûע⣬ֱӽҲ
ʹ͵ʹ֮ɫϫɫһ䣬Ҳжˡ
һۡ
ϸһɫȷʵͦ԰ס
̧֣ϫų鿪Լġ
⿪´΢΢ãָűĵطﶼˣû뵽ǰõҩȻ˸ʴҩ˿ڣ㵽Ҳúá
ϫͷһȥ
մǰγһᣬϫһɿˡ
Ե˿ڣĿⴥ֮˿ϸһںڵŧˮԵⷭţҲմĺˮ
΢ۣṴ£ܿѹȥ
ϫˣϵɫûôˡ
ֻЩΣȱˣԻǮȥһЩ֮ģΪʲôǵң
һ߽ãһߵӺôǸټˣΣһٸ˻ǲɱġңŹӣҲʲô˵ȥң˷۱

ϫǳ˳飬ô˵ô
ָ˵㣺ҹŲңЩҶ⣬ʵ޹ء
ԹӺ顣
ܾôҲίһ¡
ǣ˵Ըס
֪黹أ۾һӵ˵޷
ϫͷҿԴӦ㣬Ҫ취ѹԬӨŪ
գգۣ˼ұҪϴ
ûϫӦ̧۵ҾʹӦ㡣
ЦȻѣϴ²УǺúô߳Ӧǿԡ
ü˻
Ƶģʱ֪ˡ
⻰ϫҲˡΪټ֮ˣԬӨݣȻôⲻܹ޹֮˺ԩ
Ȼá
㣬˴˹ͬЭ飬ϫ˵ɣô㣿
ﴽЦӯӯΪʱ޿ҵȫȻǺ͹ͬסһˡ
һЦ̫ôߡ
ϷƵģǼѹƤţήңˣǺòˡһһ죬һСľͱˣˣϱҲûˡ
ϫ̾ת˵Ӧ֣ȥϷֱϧ
˵סţҲˣûжĵطס
գգۣʮȻѿڶҲ빫ͬߡ
ϫɨȥҽ⡣
һ㶣ɫֿʼתϫԿǿʼۣһһָֿʼװǰס
ƻţէһϣЩµġ
Уҷˡϫй˳ʱסҼҰɣʱûˣԽסҼ˻ˣ͵̸̾ˡ
ʣʲôܿ𣿡
ϫܿ£ôòѶ
һʱز
ЦˣβţǾͺá
ϫͷլӵַȵǹҲסɣ
ϫ˶٣ƳƳĿ⺬˿˿ЦϣʹģŤᡰš
˿ð

ϫƵƿĿ⣬򽥽΢졣
ǡɵĳ
ϫɻĿ
㻹Ҫִв£һ˶಻ȫ
ϫٵôˣѲ޻ҪһУ
Ƶ쵹ûʲô˶ӵҲ̫֡ϲ̫ȫҪֵҹ࣬Ҹôźء
ϫҪ˨ҿϣ϶ȫ
Ǹķ˾
лҪ˵~

12

լڷĳģ¥߳ҪСΧ˯Ϣɵ񻧣ʱѾûмŵƵˡ
һǰһ뿪ģԽǰߣҹӸԽǿ
ӿڣҹɫӺڳżвƽһ˿
Ʋʶ·Ȼϫǰͷͷģο
Ųһ١
ƴĪĿѹôˣ
ϫקקԼ°ڣקＫˣ㻹һү
˿ʲôԣȻҾºڡ
ϫǳ˳飬ٳȥһǰߡ
ʱ䣬ҶѾ˯ˣϫҲ볳Ըߵ˰㡣
Ӽ£Ȼɵĺܡ
ֻļӣԼһһ䣬һǸҶͳġ
ǶڼҴţü£ֻʣºҶһˡ
ϼʯȻ衣
ϫԿɨɨȥ
ճһֵƣסҵķɡ
ƽӹʣأ
ϫ̬סõӡ
üһǾȣӻиã
ϫбһۣΣ
Ц£ֻö빫Ư
ϫǳ˳飺ãûƯ
þûؼסˣϫһԼӣ¶û⿪һͷ˱ʮζ
ϾˣȻһһӸ˵Ϣǳڡ
ʶһ촩ͬһ˫ӣϴϴģÿ˯ǰҲһһӡ
ôŵһɳζ
ѵûһˣϤĻζʮаȫУƣ˲ϯ۾һգƬֱ̱˯ˡ
ʱӵĵƻ
Ӱӳģһ⣬δ˿Ӱļ򱳼й£ҹʢұ
ջ
ƽϵ·һ
ü嵭ƽƽǽ⿪˱Ų˿ڣҲһʹıûС
ǰϫǰķӦֱˡ
ҩϫ˯ǰģһ㻹ã˿ѾʼãͲͿĨһô򵥶ѡ
ȼһִֻһذ淴ȼա
ȼյĻҡҷţ˳
ӡ
Ʋδͷ϶ţࣺ˵˽ڲҪ档
˵ͷӷģʱϸˡ
Ŀⲻ̣Ӻο࡭ΪΣ
һƺЦУȥеĻɡ
ƾһֻ֪ƵصķģʶֶΡ
˿ıӰǡӡ
ƵݱܷͷʱҲҪ㣬㼴ǰЭԣ
ǣת֮ʱŲһ٣ͷһ˶Сġ
»ָžĺҹ
бյĹ̵ĵĵ䣬ڱʴļϣһһ罫֮޳
ͷԼðϸĶʮ˳˿ûͣ١
Σذڵϵޱȡ
ɫӰ£΢΢׵ı
лҪ˵еС~쳤һ

13

ϫ˸磬ǰϢ˯ϰߣҪҹߵֵ࣬ϢȻˡ
˯ʱ˯˯ʱ
ҹ˯磬峿ѵҲ硣ûϰߣտյĶӣþЩˡ
ϫû뵽ҶҲ磬һǡÿŸɨͷɨŵϵҶ
Ҷһϫһɨܹˡ
Ҷʮ־ϲû뵽Сĺܿͻˡ
ϫվ£Ҷ˸
Ҷɵģһ˱㲻ŵˣʱҲûֱײϫ˺ü͵סſס
Ҷ֣С㣡Ļˣ
ȿȣϫյЩϼ˼¡
ҶŷӦæ֣ʶոյʧ̬˵ϫ
ϫ˻Ҷ˵Ƶ飬ڵӱ㿪ˣ˳
ҶȻү߳İ׵ӣԼС⣬Ҳûʡ
һѩ£ͣ׹뷲˰˹߹΢΢Ц֡
㶼ˣϫһɤۡ
ղŵС㡱òҲˡ
ü䣬̶ҡҡͷ˵ֻһЩ죬˵ʲô
ϫ˿
üһǣ˵ЩʲôΪģ
ĬĬķ˸ۣתͷԺҶλӣסһЩʱգÿն׼һ꼴̣㲻ùܡԣҲУǮ
Цδ˵
ҶȻʣǡүūȥ׼緹
ϫͷø׼Ҽ̱Ҫȥš
ڣҶȻҶ˵ʲôο֪Ĺأ˵Ӧȥ˳
ϫҪʱƺס
бӣü䣬Ϣǧ˿Ƶ⡣һһһЦջ
ʲôˣǻ˼
˵ӽǵ

ϫޱŤͷȥƬ̺һ˿ƹֵֹܾġ

˫˹ͬЭ飬ϫ⼸ĵڵԷ¡Ȼ֪ƾʲôӣĿǰʱˡ
֣ҲΪ
Ȼ̫ˡ
Щ֮ǰԵģעìһһֳ
ΪǰЩӵæµעڰ棬ûע⵽Щ֮ͬı仯
ϫصţһǱڱߵһһҲͣ½ŲϣǴæ˻ˣ
ϫü΢ɲ졣
ûػһЦ˵㿴㲻һֱæ¥Ǹ𣿡
ἰϫüչЩѾûˡ
һϵıһûˣ
ԣϫͷֲѾҵ𣿡
ϫЦǲֱӽĬϳ
һȻ֪룬ζһۣĪҳȥ㡣
һأϫֻǾЩ֣δ롣
ܳˣϫֵʱ֣Ҫȥŵʳʱ֪岻һ١
ֻṩһٲʳϺ϶ҪԼؼҳԻ߳ȥ
ԶģΪȵԭȵʱûԸⶥŴ̫һһܵĴΪһͷ
ȥ¹ӡ
Ǵҷ׷ױʾպóô˻ȥһԸǸͻˡ
ˣһҽԻؼҳԷģҲһȥǰԶľ¥ڡ
¥ﲻϰ廹ǵСǸۣǮۿˡǺܾ˫۾·ԶһУĿˣһ۱ܿԷļҵ׺
ûǮˣǵ̬ȾͱȽ䵭ڣ
Ŷšզզ֡
Ǽҵ׷֮ˣǾͲһˣȥЬ˵Ը⡣
Щ죬ѹҪҵ׷ֻҪϵǼٷɡ
ϹϾģ޲ðһ˹
ǰĲ죬̰ܻߣǻᳯ¥֮ĵطձѵģƶϽЩЩȻûˣٴһѹһ
ҲС
ͶϫһʳȽ⣬ҡҲûҪѯ˼
ϫԸһߣ˱С裬Ѱһۼ䴦΢ĵķŴ
İβöòһǰĲˮһĩ˷֮̾
ϣİģǲŮ֮䣬ҲкܶĻġ
ϫͽȥȴû뵽ı


14

ϴȥǱѲߣ²¿ɶˣ
ɶ˵㣬ʲôӡ
ٺ٣ǹľˡ
ж
ر󡣡
ףôȥһѣ
룬Ұ
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ƫƫʱ˵߶ҲƵˡ
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һʼܳļҹĺóĲУļҹﳤƯȴ⡣֮ĵ⣬˵Լˣʱš
ľϪ˰ɡ
ϫܸоЩǵĿεϣҪƵģ޼ɵĴ
ܲˣһ߿ţһš
ְݣһֶֻܰ
ϫѡӡ
˷ôߣԽԽƫԽԽϫġ
ǰСƵģϸƤģ̫һˡ
˵˵ԽСԽݵǵضҲС
⻰һ䣬ôЦЦζʮ㣬Ҳ֪˵Ĳʲô¡
㵹˵˵ôа
ǻôУ֪ܲ
٣үҾ֪ƨϹ˵˵ʲô
ֵ˵ǣѿСѿ𣿡
үȻǣүأ⻰СϲŶԡ
ϫ˺ŮûʲôŮҲΨһ𲻹Ǹѡ
ⲻԸ˷ףŻĻ⡣
ĬţѰ˼ܽ⻰ǹȥ
ҵУе𣺡ŵ㣬ҳԣϹ˵
⻰ɹЩͣ׷׳һȥ
ϫҲǣҪһлһʱһ̹ȻһЦүǺͷصģϹ˵СĵδĴˡ
һĳš
͡һ⻰ʲô˼˵⻰ģһԱߵġ
һŤͷЦⲻ⼸Ϲһֱڲ¥Ҳ֪ͷţ˵ܽ˾ģŬϲˡҪúѧϰֹ̬ȡ
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⻹ͷòġ
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ֵ֪ڼ˵̵Ļϫڱߵ£ս
𣿡
üңɫ촽һģᳰĻȣαװƫԣ˿̲һ˿˵ʱı
˾ͱôѧʲôѧСǼ
˵˭˭СǼİ
ϫΡȻαϿ˿ü۵Ȼָ˵첱Ӵָʲô
㣡˱һʱûʲô仯ᱻϫһ˵ʱϹҲס
ϫûĿһһû𣬶ԹʲôˬֱӳҧĽģһ˵Ϊ𣿡
һɫͷڼ͡
ʱ˷Ӧ˹Ǹղûв˷ϫģ˵Сôһ˵˵ʵﲻҲ֪ô£ֻ֪ͷѹ󣬲ȥѡСҲû෴һͷҲҪù
֪ˣ˵һҪôɾͲǾΪˡ
һҧȥ⻰ʲô˼
ҿ֪ܶɣ˵ǰ·ǰʱͷ̸ţͷǿǹˣŰͷϴλø˭ء
Ŷ֪˸òһҲˣͷСϣ㲻ˣ
һϵı˵һУϳϣ˵˵
Ȼתһ룬ֱ̯˵û֪Ҳ֪ˣǾͷ𣿡
ǲǾ£ôء
԰԰λ˭бȡ˭ȥ£ǲ룬ҾôԹٷӾ˹
УûϢġ
ǱСϲ˴ϵģͶˣ׷кŽ⻰ϽԷҪ
ⷹԵģͦ˶ζġ
ϫܲղһڣв˿ġ
һǰ۶ҵˡ
˿ۣϫţЩʳ֪ζ
ô죿
֪ˣᣬǴǰĸԸϪʱˮ
ʲô壬ٹ໤ܳǣڡ
Ȼϫͷ۵Ĳͷ磬Ҫһһֵࡣ
ֵݲ㣬һηһˣȫȨǹϽ˹̶ʱҪȥѲһȦܳ񰲵ĺܣʵϾϹתһȦһͺܼˣŵİ참һֻࡣ
ЩģǵְֻҪ鰸참ưˣûаӾšܳƽĺܣܳƵϰӵһѵһֲǳ԰׷׳Ƶġֵࡱ
ʵҲСҪϱȽΪˣʱѰ
ϫòֵѣʲôͷ۵ġʮΣ￴һʱеܲˡ
ܵи
Ȼϫ˵ð취ǣ
һ𣿡
ʲôһԼˣҪôǶˡ
һܣЦ𣿾С
ϫ֪ˣǲ䷳ظһ飺һ𣿡
һһˣӳˣƵĿ
ЩͣûʲôǴܲܽģȻ㿴ҲˬǾͱʵ
һЦ񾭲
һ䣬Ťͷٿ
û뵽ôһ仰ɽϫҲֵڡ
ȻΣôúӰ۵Ĵˡһֱ˻ʱϫʰ¶Ҫߣһ߹
һЦôǻŻ˵Ҫһܣססˣ
ϫԼϵ·ʱȻˣһʱ㣬ֻе£Ҫؼסѡ
͡
ϫѿ࣬ȴٴ׼̧뿪ʱſ˸ˡ
Ȼ糿Ǹװ磬ֻ˿ȣȥˮīĲɵ湫ӡ
һȻҲע⵽ӣ
Ƶɨһۣû
ûõӦһﲻˬҲұֳ
ϫüôˣ
ЦˣüĿȥ鲻㰡
ϫ˵үû𣿡
ʼ磺ҾǺа֪ġ
ϫ޹գգۡһԵһ̲סһ£ɵʣǡ죿
Ȼ
졣

ƵʱŤͷﹴ˵βζ𣿡
Ȼ죬ϫȻ֪ҽʲô
ǵãһûʹ˭
ƵͷЦϹӣϪֺܺ
üŶԭΡ
Ҳǣ⣬ϾҪסңô᲻֪ļҵ׶ˡ
ԣǽǵ֪иõһô£
ϫһۣǣаͦװ
ܵϫġѺá񣬻֮һĴǡ
ЦʲôЦɫ
ֱ˽첽ߵϫǰеȻɿţ΢ϡ
ͷﺬ˿Ц⣺ȷǲ죿
ϫ΢ͷüһʲôã
һһԣе㲻ڵֱһʲô
ôô졭
üһѵ
ϫ䲻ΪƴǳЦ˯һĹϵ㲻𣿡
ϫ
ȵȣȵȵȵȣ˵һ飿
ϫ˫ðŭҧгݣٸҺ˵˵ŲҰͷ
һӵζˡ
ˣЦ˯ͬһ¡
ϫ˱ۣĥĿ֨֨죬ִսЩľ벻һȭ֮
ƶҲЦϵǰЩ
Сüë˳鶯˶٣һۣסĶһ
ûסʹ˻ϵĵͷҲžһ˵ذϡ
ϫѹźǶҹ磬ɪɪ̹ǣѱ˽һ£
˵Ŀ˲Ǹ޺ģϴ죺Ҵˡ
ϫһף֣һֻֽ·£ڻҲûˡ
ϫǰ߿ƹ˲ô湫æϵȣȾ׷ȥ
һߵſڣ׷Ϫһģ̬͵ģ°ͣʮֵĻް
ߣţƽ·ʱζĸ첲ЩɥոҪţ첲һʹؿɿˡ
ץץΪεؿģҴ˻𣿡
ǡߵֵڵĹսǴ˽٣ǰ졣
˻һ䣬ס˽ŲŲһתһסòɿܵϽڡ
⧲ıţȴҲҷԹԵıȥϫɿ֣תס͵һơ
Ǹ֪صˣȷʵϵǰյĺܺáǽϣȴʹ
ϫֻŵְ࣬ȥ۾һ̶ˮ˿
ȵ·Ҳ٣ǸоĺΧ߻ļ
ˣ˰
ӣˣȴ޿ˡ

أһŲӣ۾һգ㣺ɣ

ʲô
ϫѾѾǵڼγ鴤ˣ޿̣ʲôͷ
ƸϷһ㣬һֻۣȼСֻһ졣
ϫԼûƢˣ㵽׸ʲô
޹򰡡
ʲôʱ˵Ҫˣ
գգۣɨԣɣӻҪ
ϫ֣룬ȴ䵭ţ㣬Ȼұ㣬ôԼȱԼԼ룬ôˡΪ
ʲʲô˼ƵʱˣŵҪ𣿡
̾˿˵㲻ҪסҼҵµ˵ֻѶȣң
˶٣ҧһծô࣬ҿɲ뱻ǣ
ȴˣһ仰ԶԵڶ仰۾ģظһ§ס
ϫ⧲˸һʱţͼѴ˲䣬á



15

ⷽô񾭴Ƕð
ϫ˸ɽƵģ͵ƿ󣬽ŵ˿ˣһȰȫȫķΧһ˹ģ
Ʋ棺ҿеġ
Ŀǰ˵ǰϪǸ׵ˡ
Ʊƿ˿Ҳգʮϵ֪
񾭲
ϫŤͷߣĶ˽Ųȥʲô
˵˵ȥѽ
ͷҲأǰߣһ𣿡
һӱֿʼ￪ȣ΢΢ЦԼȥ㽻ҵˡ
ϫʣǽô
С£˵ٹ֪ˡ
УӣҲʡ
׾УΡ
ȥʱԶͿҶſڶġ
ϫɵ߹ȥҶһæǰӣС
ϫ۾һɡ
Ҷתڣү˸˷Ҫ˵ʶר㣬ū澷ǵ㲻ʶλ
˶٣ҶɫݣôҲϲߣûƤôġ
ϫü˼￴ۣߣȥ
ӣһӣӵԼҵŮɫһ˫Ӿ͹קקˡ
ԣֱӺˡ
ϫĿۺҶԶ׼λƤô϶ϲߵרүġ
ã˵һծˡ
үЦ⣬һ̹ʹգ
ǹǵԼˣȻɫܿһ˵룬áѽǰЩڽϲСŪҼҵġ
ϫ߹ȥ˱ˮһĵĿϷ˳ֽļ·ݸҶʾ
Ҷ̻⣬·ĬĬ뿪
ƺڻ룬κü¶ȻЦݣѾˣб𣿡
ϫһۣһĻװóԼء
Ȼ˵ҺǸлӣǡձҵ磬빫һͬǰ֪ӡ
̧ͷ۾ϣ
΢Ц˵Ǹ⼸岻ʣȥˡ
Ƥʮź˵ǹǧҪչ˺塣
ƺЦӦʡ
ҲයԼŮһͷߡ
һЦϫʵûס۾ģɿûʣò˰ɣ
Ȼȷʵ·ŷģѾûʲôˡ
ο˵ǼգҲҸõģٱôܰ
ȻЦԼûƺã˶ˡ
ƻװȻЦ
λŲһٻͷһɣŭ޲ðϫ
ϫ⣬Ҫ˼󣬿¶Ҫ˺ˡ
Ťüͷͦ׵ġ
˼һߣϵЦЩߵϫߵ̱˽ȥ 
ϫȤһ߽ŰһߵүǺˣ˻ûԶϽ׷ü
ҡҡͷò״ߡ
ǣϫüʵ
һЦ
Ǻǡ

ϵʱ򣬺Ҷʰ׵ܿ˯˹ȥ
ϫڴͷδ⣬ü˿˿ƣ˿̣ü΢Ļɫŷֽϡ
ǺҶʱ͵͵ġ
ŷֻд˸򵥵ֻ֣һۣϫϳ׵塣
ã
ϫǴųصֽŷģõĽȻǽĸ֡
ã

ԵҵûУ˰Ͳ̵Ӳ
ôô
ϫΪѾǽõõϢû뵽Ӳõ
СͳﱻˣǴͨһɱˡ
ֵҹ࣬ɫ磬պͻ黻࣬ͷһĽ̸
ͬкŤͷ㳯һߵͷȥ
׷ǣͷ΢ɻ
ϫʣĻôã
ôáһЦնݳ¡
ͷĿһ
һʼ硣
ϫţţôնף
ͷšüǾͷġ
ϫ΢㶣üŭ
ͷ˼˳Ǳߣ˭
ʲôʱ򣿡
ͷʱ
ͷֿһۣĵصʵ㣬ɱ¡
֪ˡɫ̣ͷҽе£ܲ٣
ɫȷʵЩ԰ףûʲô£ͷʹĵͷӦˡ
ϫ䵶졣


16

أ
Ҷϰ˯˯ã䲻ѣɵȦţֱԼС˫Ŭ
ϫѾãû˭˽⣬ŭٱıԵ
ڣԡ衣Ҷ⼸λӶҪ裬ƺ̣ûضҪþòų
õ˴𰸣ϫ˶ûʲô£˯
Ҷץץҵͷܾһʲô黹СС⸱ӣǲҪȥĺáôţҶĿ⳯ԡҷͶȥ
ӣรɡ
լһԡңϪʱģ˵ÿ彡
ԡҵſԴסǼһȻĲ㣬ϫֻһƣϢĿˡ
ǣ˰һ˵ԼڷôĴ⣬ҪǸϣһٴζ
ſˣŸҲʲôֻԡƵġ
Ȼ˿̺ǵص⣬п裬ϫվſڣɤӣƣһ¡
ûлӦ
ɫѿˣɤӣЩơ
û
ѵ˲ڣ
ϫü£̧Ųȥ
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ӵŨѾĳ̶ȣϫ߹ȥʱһ˲оԼҪϹˣѬ֡
Ȼǰ裬ж䡣˻ᣬûκζˮҲûСɹۿŨȻģݵʱ仹̡ĪǸݺãǰˣ
ϫתҪ̧뿪ʱһ١
Լűˣſɢȥ˲٣ϡŵ·
·죬Ƶ
ʱһ̴ٵĻˮĸ첲䲻һֳֻסֵõ󣬵ţ⧲ôһȻûܹܿӦ
ǣһ󲽣˱䣬Ũûʪơ
ˡ
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Ĵһ΢ģɫ/ʮڿУߡ
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˫һۣ˿иԵñˮ΢Ųӣˮջ°ͣᣬ󻮹ƬٴλˮС
ʪӣ΢΢ŶߣŽĿ⣬£˵ŨŨɫ֮С
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ŭڣʶ£˻ƣǸϴˡ
ϫԭѹŵôһ仰˲䱻ȼ˵//ױ췭ظͷţ 
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ǷǣȴĿֲɱ⣬ķӸԼ˵
УϪ亦صġ
Сʱϼʯϫһľˣ档ϫϧÿÿ˹ҪúõöӲڴ˯һ죬ڶʱ㷢ľˣ嵽Ϫǰ죬ݺݵǲҵĽˣ
Ϫµĵͷ
ϪϲҶĶľ¶ϫʱϲĶŭգŽǰĶԹҲ˳ֻϪͶ˶ȴʲôҲ
Ϫ̰棬кӣϫϰ䣬ô书ѾˣϪ׾٣Ҫ̫򵥡
ǣϼʯ˼ң㿴׵Ķ̱ڵ죬վžӸµޱСŮ
⻭ôô۾
۽ķɿ죬ۣҲû߹ȥӣӺɷ˭úϰñ۸
ԭҪġ
ϫСһ̱δ͵ҵľ
޿ڵϵϪƴҡͷ
ϫһбȥʱֹס
ϼʯڿȥˣǰһʣöˣ
ϪڵÿտΪԼ⣬æ޺޵Ҳȥľѽʶѣ

ϫ˫ֻأüȻţôģ
ϼʯҲɻʣģ
Ϫܵ˶Ķ⣬ֱּҿվˣȻôңӴԺûãߣ
Ϫ˦һȳһյ뿪ϫڸо˼Ρ
Ǹ̫ܡ
Ҳã͵ǸǰΪĳͷˡ
˺ϪȻľԲϫ˵սһӡ
ɵϫû˵һ仰ûһ֮ŴõĽ͹ȥһߺޣС
ϫգգֽۣӹδţŶл
ǵģ
ϫս˭ܳס
ҪҲҪһµġ
ֱ£Ҳ˭Ϫǰ㡣
죬ˡ


17

˾òʱ½ƵĿġ
ϫվ紦ʪ͸ʪ½ǻڵεδµˮϻð޵İɫ
䣬һˮ
ϫ˱ֽۣ°ššűšˮ·ҳ
ڻָһƬֻʣһˡ
üټûĨЦ⣬ƽ赭

ҹɫĵҹżв졣ûôȣʱ΢˿˿⡣
ӣðɣЦЦΪԼ⼸䣬һųһŵ
ûӷϵ죬εĿ
ϫϪʵŮӣĽСԴϪ·Щƫ󣬳Ųֻ˶ֻǿȥӵˡ
Ů㣬Ȼᱻ˿毺ãӵĻ
ֽűԺĴ׳ϣʵʵĪ˵˿á
ϫ˫ֻأǰվıֱϲŭ˪
Ƴ˳ǣ˵˾䱧ǸΪǣ
µĻδü˵ڣǰֱתȥ
аɣд
˶΢̧ƤĿīҲûֵҹա
ˡ
ϫصԼķ䣬Ϸš
ֱʱ˿̣תתĻǾ䡰Ǹϴˡ
ϴˣ
ЩĻǵĲ
ллиϫſܶһָʾйߡ
±⿴ۡ
ܺãҹɫóУرʺһϡ
ϫΪԼһ˯ӦǱȽ̤ʵģ˭룬˸ֱˡ
СͳѪȣԩ
ȴΪ
Լ˼ҹΣְܾλȴ飬˶еΡ
һѣ߰˰˵һѶţǺһᶼû˯ˡ
ڴϱ۾ȥշתһᣬһЩ˯⡣ʱպһ˲һ״ĺ졣
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꽻ӣԭúõȻת䡣
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ʱ;ƲСľɡǿɡƹε˵ʱ֪꣬˶ɽ˰ɣҪôħ֡
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ϫæɡǰ͡
ڻ˼˿Ƶ̧ͷ
Ų԰ֲ̬ϾȻеЦݡ
ϫһǲܵĶˣӽˮˡ
ֶ˶ɡȴ˻ء
ɫޱһ˿Ѻۣ߹ȥһֻ쳤ŸɡһֻȥĽᡣ
Ů֪ǣᣬȴǰŴǣչ¶һĨ־ڱصõЦ⡣
ӵ˲ϫ˵ĽɡתҪȥ
ʱղŵһȥϫҲʪĲˣϱʪ͸ˣûɡʵû
ɡԼеһ˲䣬ʶסˣֻ˵˳ֶȴŵġ
ܿ죬Ӧסǰ˵ĸ첲
û£ֻ򵥵ţʱֱӸһϮסĸ첲
Ƽһ㶣ϸ첲ϸ
ʵҲи˵ӵŹϣЩǱһеġ
硭첲˵ģǹҡ
һʱ䣬ϫѾü˦֡
һʼΡ
аɣǻûء
ƽɡٺãʪյ·վԭأĿǰƲ
Σһ͵͵̾ޡ
ˡ


18

űһ̣ϫ˿þȣƺоԤһ㡣
Ļ˼ѣֻһ㷿ţƣҲû˿ڡ
ûлӦݵ֣ʪɡһԣĻڵϡ
же˶̱ˡ
»ʪ͸Ҳ꣬ٲȻЩȹһĹӸ硣
ΪԭݵӴ˵ʱɤ΢΢ɳƣ£ҿԽͣòã
ϫ·Ķ˶٣ʱûг
ͬĬϣԲ԰׵¶ǳЦݣҵʱΪǱߵʹֵġ
˶٣˵֪ʲôȻʲô书ϰ֮˺һ·ʱһĳġҾǲʱŲϰ֮ǰӯ뵽ջҪֵ಻ڼңš
˲ͷĿް˲֪ʲôֻûлӦ
ΣַſҪͻȻ򿪡һʱ֮ʧȥ㣬⧲Ҫ¡
ϫۣϥ΢䣬ס
ӦҲʱܿվ
ϫҲջ˶
վǰȻɫ԰ȴȻڸǲס˫ʱһ۵ĳ˫ʪȻϫôĿ⣬ҲȾˡ
ʶı̵ܿĿ⣬ȴƲͷһ̾òԡ
µôͷĺһ㣿
ʵһϫҲ֪ԡǼ´ԼҲǹģֻǵʱӻңӶ¥ǵ£ôһû̵ס
οҲϪͷĶӣػҪ˼ġ
ˣҲȥˡ
ǣбûꡣ
ϫֺݺݵĽĿƻȥҲ˿̵ģжǱЩ涼ú˯ˡ
СͳվҪˣ֪𣿡
£üһЦ֪
ϫüһ壬⸱־ûô򵥣㵽ʲô
ƺǰһ˾룬꽻ӵôҹ˼ҲʲôĴյѹû˵è̫ӣ
ϫŤͷһ˰ȫĽ롣
Ŀ΢䣺˼
ʲôҡͷЦǸ˼ҵԭ̵ˣֻǰ˶ѡ
ϫ̧ƮƮĿһۣñˣʲô
գգۣĿ޹

ʱĵת˲֮䣬֮ǰϫǰȥηѾ
߹ȥͷɢҲ๸ҳϸƣķֱ治Ѿ
û˿־뺦£֪ǰȴһҲں
ϫȥƣʱಡ̱ԺеϣʱʱĻҪ򼸸硣
ܺãȣҲǼΪġ
ͷһ߲԰׵ϣ۽΢һĽС
΢΢۶ģ෢ıǼ⣺ҴӦǻǵļһǮ
ϫʪ۽ǣ뿿׳֦ϣ΢бԴ̬Уҩ𣿡
ִ˸磬ҩѳԡ
⻰䣬ԺʱһСӣɹܹܰɣλϳҩū澰ҩ֪˷Ѷˡ
ϫۺҶ˹ҩҩˮڣζȷʵǺǡ
ŲУŹƸС
ĬĬȥԸƿ
ֱ۽𡣡
ӣͰ͵
ϫʼ磺㲻ûϵһֵɡ
һ䣬ת̧뿪
д𣬺ܿµкҶ̾һͺ𡱡
ϫҡͷЦ

˵û
˵ʲô
ָָָ棬˵ǰʱϺֵĲˡ
ô£Ǿ˵ԻĹ𣿡
ҡҡͷﰡϾǻϣʱմ󲿷ֱȨпԭ϶ˣλӶСˣɳеıȨܰĲŹ֡
ʱΪҪرȨֵĲˣ
˵ͷҡҡͷҲǣҪһǳش˵ݽȨʹãҹҲûѱȨԼεȴ;ܾϣһо˺üǳزɹɡ˵ʱϵڵĸһ㰡

ţ˵˳֮ϱŭء
˵˵֪Щʲô˵һͨ
һ㶣̧ͷЦأ壬˵⻰Ѳ֪
Цһƿ°
ǳĵǵθڣĵ˱ˮ²ڶǰȻ֪
㵹˵˵ô
һһۣ̬ɢȷʵǱŭˣɾǱŭҲֻǻϵֲ졣βһοҲŭˡ
⻰ɹ˵θڣһ۰Ͱ͵˵ȥ
һָо̬Ҳûôưˣ˵ûа취Ȩ˼ǽջ߶һλĻţλĻźܽϵ˼һ߻ûȥģܹƾԼıȨ³ǳأôŵıȨԺҪֻһ롣
ǽأ
ȻǻʤˣپҲܻ֪ģֻĻ취û׾һǳء˱Ȩ֮ʱնǳƲ糯˶˲ϡ
һһЦʵϣϴԼҲ۲Ϊɡ
һϯһһ㶵ģ׷׳һͶȥݵ񣺡һȥǲϰ˵أһô֪ģ֪ô
һӣҸھΪ١
Ƕ¶۵飬ôǰһֱû˵أ
һҸΪ˵͵ϣ浽˵š
ԭ˰һԺɾдϢˡ
԰԰Ժɻڴٷ˿ɱֵǰ
ǣҿͷλҲһˡ
ѽİû˱˰ɡ
˵Ҳǡ
һһģһмɫ߰
һֱ˵һᣬ̲סЦˣҶֵܣԺǡ
ϣһΪ
һΪ
ЦҪ뿪ſڿŵͻȻܹˣ˵ġ
һüʾɻųȥһۡ
ſ٣һյſڱ㿴ǵĹ
ü߹ȥճȭڴң
лҪ˵ƻһʱ䡭

19

תһ
һһ㶡
۾ˮ飬̣ͦϵķһ˼Ҷñ˲˵㣬òȷʵǸӡ
Եͷ˺죺ˣҲġ
һɫӲ£ܿ췴ӦεĿ˿ȡ
תȥһۣץץͷո˵ȷʵ˰
һȥһʼˡ
ȴַɿһͷСŮ˵ģֻ֪˵š
һüˡ
̧ۣææǧСŮҲǣҲǣ
һɫһ
һ£ް˵˵˭İɣܲܰﵽ㡣
ֿ֪ʼΪˣŵʵǲ֪ʲôֻ֣֪ҲǺһĹˡ
һüЩʲôǰ治ԶϫƿĿ⡣
СĹ۲һ̬Ⱥ䵭ΪԼˣæСŮˣСŮǡ
һ£ӦûûУ˵Ǹ˳ʲô˭
˵ĹϫѾֻ߽ƳһǱߣ̧Ͻʱر˺ס
λӣ
¶סһͷˮתȥң
æС鲽ܹȥ۾ģӡ
ϫջؽŲϸĿȷԼʶˣʶң
պ˵ŮҵĽߣͷӵݳȥӣлġ
ϫգգۣ˭
˵Ӳǵ𣿲ǰǱߣ࣬׵ġ
ϫˣӣĶһɫסˣʲô
ӦæǴССļһĿжʮŵӡ
ϫˣǰƣˣĶҵķ֮£ЩԼ԰ɡ
ܾ֮ɫ죬ȴǿŵ°ɣĸŮķǳл㡣
ϫǵãǱߴʱ˵ִͥԣǿַ㲻Ӻõġ
Щϫܸл
ϫ򴽣ˣֻҲԼûȥɡ
ӣ˺һҲˣʵڳŲס䣬ﺬʧ䡣
ɼ˶˵ϲˣȴôҲͲȥˡ
ϫȥɡ
ϫߺԭվ˺þáͷɫʧֿŮģ˭ܼܵסοһ˶ѵĴүǡ
߹һԹϴҲ̫֪ϧ˰ɡ
һɫ֪ƨ˽Ϊĵˣں˵ĸܡ
û뵽һֱ˵ıʾϪĲЦؾصĻȥԼš
ֲĵĻͷŵķ͸￴ˡ
һŸǲˬˣתȥ
ʱ򣬴һǰһȥʳóԷ
ϫϰһ˶֮ǰһкȻϲǱǿ뼯塣һһ˵Ҳֵڡ
ԷٶȲ죬Ϊ˿Իһ㣬Ǿӿٶȡ
ܿ죬ҪʱǰλͻȻ˸ˡ
ͷû̫⡣
ֱ˳ǲԼ𣿡
ϫ£۱ԼԵĲķˣ¿Ӵ뿪
һһ̿ӣڵĳϫŲקʲôק
ϫƳе֣ҰԼʲôϵ
һݺݵĶǺ޲߰ӿקòеӡ
ϫü˵ҲԼק⣿
һ˫ԼӣϫΪŵ¡
˵˼ҵĶҪҪҪͲҪʲô˵ЩҪôࣿ
㣡һصӣŭ
ϫƮƮĿһһŭ뱩ꡣȻΪ⣬һȻ߿
·ֻǸµСѹҲм
һʳõΪղŵеΣһվԭؿ
Ŀⷢ죬ĶϫȥıӰ
ϫˣϲ⣬ʵֻʹӷꡣ
ǰŮ棬Ůӵ˼ʵԤ⣬С±ҪеĻҲ̫ࡣ
Ըһ㡣
ҲŶ̶̼£Ѿˡ
ʵӻŮӣһġ
ֵȥ֮󣬺ҶȲϫһС㣬㲻𣿡
ϫ۽յķţ̾ү߹ӰɣԷһ
ҶͷһԸ硣
ϫֹ̧סĶȥ˯ɣһ˴ᡣ
Ҷɫĵǹʲô¼ǵúū澡
ҶߺϫƬ̣˷ţԺķȥ
ԺһѾõĴкҶһԵĲӣߵӲݡ
ϫֱ߹ȥΧ˼Ȧսһ˲ȣŲŲòӿʼڡ
֪˶ãһӲ壬
ϫһﴽǣܿǴΧٶȼӿ졣
ܿ죬һԣȥǿ̳ӡ
̳ڱܷĽʵʵҲŵɢ˿˿㡣
̳Ʋ֪ϪǴŪģʱϫһڣֲȾƵ˶ζСೢʱСϪѾҹʱ͵͵̳Ʋ˺ԺŴ¡
֪ϫҲۿſȥġ
˭书βҲ
ƣҲйأô̳ƱҲԩ
ȣЩҲǱ֮ǰȲ٣ܱյ
ϫԾںԺʯһһڵƺСơ
ʱԺԶǰһ£һдֽᴵڣҹ֪ðһֻɫС
һ֣Сųܿȥ
ĿᵭתҪصʱŲһ٣̧°ͣµԺȥ
ϫպûڣԻ谵£Ժſվ˸ˡ
Ű
ÿϫҲµ˭ˡ
Ũصҹɫ߳վǰЦô˯
ϫû˵ֻ̧
˼ˣ㲻Ҳû˯
һЦλֳ°ͣůɫ³ĵ˫һǧתӿȥ¡
⻰ʣǿ϶
ϫҲûʲô˵ȴҲʲô˵ͷŵ¡
˵Ҳ£ǺദĲã
ϫһ㶣ü
ЦЦҲûʲôӣŵӦֻЩ˰ɣο
˶٣Ŀտλƺ㲻رѺá
ϫˣãֻһ涼ܿ


20

Եɣ˵
ֽ˼ڣǰҲ˵Ҳȥ˯°͵ЦԼϫֵһֱʲô
ƻֳֻ°ͣ˵Ǿùӳÿÿ
ϫ뿴ÿĻףҿͭղˡ
һ㶣һֻԼЦ˵Ҳǡ
ϫûٴ
ȷʵúȣϫҲջҲС
ȥûʲôо˺㿪ʼͷˡ
ϫֻ΢΢Щɫ죬ỹţ¿ľ룬Ҫ𣿡
βشչľԵһڡ
糺Ĵ걻ˮմʪԵˮ
ϫ㶣첲ЩӲ˻ǳ˳飺Һȹġ
Ʋ˲ǵĶˮۺǹ⣺ţôˣ
ҡҡͷûʲô
Ƶĺ󾢴Ѿ֪ˣֲסƣζúȡһһϫʶʼԺ
ǰһһϵ˵ʲôҲûȥ
Ƶˣ
ϫȴֱͷʯ棬΢Ŵ꣬Ϣ֮ȫǾϢ
վŲһתǰ
Ŀ֮ɫƤۻƲò̾λϹ˵ÿȴûԼܸĸǷ̬ȣޱӣҲ֪ŮĻġ
ҡҡͷЦһ첲Լ
˭ء


ԼĴշת࣬ζ˯š
κ۾ǰ֮ͭϡ
žеԼ̧Լ
һֱԺıԼԼòҲǼΪŵġôʱ䣬ׯ棬ҵĶӿ߲·ˡ
ɽ죬죡
ĸ׵˼֪˵ʲôȥͼлˣô󷽹һͱһӵĸܡֻԸȥΪҲ˴˵ķˣſε֮Լй֮޲
λӣȻֻǴҴһƲҲ֪ӵķˡ
ҸݿķŴӦĸǰš
ɣ˼ǷӣͶû˿뷨
ָճȭ
Ǳŵģܵ䣬θģ
峿컹ʱ磬ִﶼ׼ȥũˣǾܵġ
ԼŮԼܲ˽ִһ߻Ьһߵôȥ
ƲƲ죺ȥģȥλ¡
⻰ִ۾һĵͷҿ׿ȻΪֱҲǼõģؼҲǲġܰ£ԺĸŮͲóԿˡ
ЦˣŮ֪ˡ

ϫȻʱΪתһ˲ǰ컨׹ɶҲ塣
ȵò׻ָҶҲŽˡ
ݹùū澸հõѾ°ɡ
ϫ͵Ķͷʱ˻ƵĲУô⡣
Ҷһ㶣ǹӵķ䰡ģ
ϫҡҡͷͼЩҼǵſ˯ȥˡ
ҶȻӦӴӻİɣѾҲ糿ūģȻū澶֪Ӻء
˶٣Ҷ̲ס߶Ժɵע㣬һ˺ôƵģҪū㡣
ϫӹҶҩ˼ڣɤЩ˲żʣأ
Ҷ˵˵еµûһˣܻ
ϫͷûٶʡ
ȵĲˣ׵ݸҶȴֹĿԼ
üôˣж
Ҷҡҡͷ̲סʵū澻֪ٵģǼҶǮαطҪסǸҡ
ϫһüʲô
ҶŬŬ죺Сôʶ˰
ϫ£ˣ˵˵ʲôˡ
Ҷ˵С϶Ҳ˵黨ǲݣū澶˵򻨴йƬҶմ仰ʺˣǣϲ˼¥棬ҹǳе¡
һ˵ţϫһߵͷ˵ЦЦأҺй𣿡
Ҷһʱƿڡ
ϫƿӣߵҷ²ҪֻöȥҪ۾ȥȻҲôϲˣ룬Ǹûи鷳ɣ
Ҷ룬Ҳǣϴһ˴ˮ᲻ʱһء
ҲгͣǲùҲܲšҴӦסҲֻΪһæֻʱģȸ׺͸ǻ͵ˡ
Ҷţͷū֪ˣūǱô򵥵ĵ
ϫ򣺡㲻Ǳ˵˵ΪˣԺҪǵҪ۾ȥȥܡ
ҶԹԵͷ֪ˡ
ϫȥϴ£գ˵Уҵˡ
С㻹ûԷء
ϫ䵶ڰ֣ˣʱˡ


21

ףˡ
һճҪظϣ䲻˽סЩϤתͷһ
ЦƺҲǾȻ
ҲЦ£ŴȴԼѹ֪˼ʲô
̧洽Ц˻ֹＴɡ
һץץͷЦŽֹ
ﴽš
һֹôڴˣ
ֳ̧˻ĵģ˫ˮ۾һ߽˲ˣܷ鷳Ҹæ
һüɻ󣺡ʲôæ
ָָĵģ˵˿ɷλˣ
һü˵Ϫ񣿡
㶣ԭϪ
Ϫ񡭡£
ȻĬһЩ˵첻Ƕܾ𣿡
ôϸ͸
СĿһΨˣϴ˰æҺ׶лȻϲԼСŮԵлˡ
һĿһȣǰ毺õգʹֽӹŵĵģҡͷεðɣùȥ
ͷһɣϲЦտлӡ
һȥʱӼϫϫ֪ԼԸҲôҲûһ۾ˡ
һһŵ㣬ɻһô㣿
Ŷһֶ˶ɫеһݡ

򸮡
򸮵ĿŸԶ㿴Լүˣ߽Щæӭȥүүɻˣ
ﴽһЦҡ⼸ҲڣΣ
ŵ˵ͦõģֻǣ
һбֻۣʲô
ǣֻү塭ǰմˣСļɫүǸϽȥɡ
Цȥʲô
˵үڵ⼸죬үһֱ߶үء
ȣһζȻΪ⣺˼߶ңҲ²°ǲ߶ҵģƩ˵ٲԶˣҪҸϳģ
˵ʱƿԣˣץץԴ֪ô˵ȥˡϾүȷʵ˵⻰û
ļ磺ˣİɣүأƵġ
ôλĴô˵ҲңóĶӣµǿû˸Ҳ¡һһϸȥкڡ
ƷȼѣˣһһЦӦûطයֱȥף鷿
ڽأгƽʱָĿԽɨˣ˶̤벽
ǰլŮǾԽģĸ׶δ̤벽
ԬӨͽǽдȨ֣ڲֻǹĳˡ
ſվһᣬš
£Ŀǰˡ
Ŀ˭׼ġ
߽ҲûأЦҸ
еıʣһûУû˽̹𣿡
߹ȥһΪԬӨרŴӣû˽ң㲻һֱ֪ɢ𣿡
㣡ĺӶ
ȴΪ⣺Ҳ֪ûˣϾײǺܾò鷿𣿡
Цһ˵Һܾò鷿ôҡ
գһЦඡ
ʱ˱̵ۣ㵽
˵Ǯ
üãҪǮ
ȻûǮ˰
˼Ʊȥôˣȥˣ
Ц£Լӣ˽Ҳһ𣿡
ʺӣӣ
żæȥıȴһɵȻˣһСĳ£Ԭһ˿ô졣
͵ػӿ֣ŭҹ
˿һߵܺ£ʻ˻ƱҾͲˡ
ǰ뿪鷿ڷһŭ֮Ǵˤ
ۿ˵飬Ϊ⣬ǶѾϰΪˡ
лҪ˵ǰһ̫࣬࣬еƣϢһ 쿪ʼָո~

22

ˣǽյ㡣
˵˶ٴˣýˣֱӻɡһЦЦֽӹݹ㡣
һЦ΢죺һ
š毺õݣһ١
ϣԭسһ΢΢üôˣ𣿡
üᴹ¶ϣϻصżϴп𣿡
һŴˡ
ţʶǰ߽һ룬΢ͷ˵ʲô𣿡
һָ˽˵˵Ҫٿǿǡ
ǿǣ˵ѾԼ˲ʱϲЦտǺãڳϵ
һ£á

ûз⼸Ǹĺã
˵һɣ
԰ǲҲôá
е㣬ҿ⼸ҲûϪĲˡ
Сϣ
ϫģֻ·ѣҪǵĻ
ᱻǿǿн˹ɫ𣿡
ɫģһ϶ģ⼸ϵ㰲˰ɣҹԺ󶼰ˡ
ϫڴǻ˻
˵ģ⼸ﺬǺЦ㻹𣿡
ﺬǺЦ
ϫͻȻ˫ʱһҲܰŨŨ⣬Լʱ޿̲Ĵǡ
ֱŮɱ֣ͨԡ
˵ʲô
˵ӣ
ϫͻȻûҲˣֱӵ鰡
ϫ
Ǹʱ޿̶ôͣ
ÿʱÿ̶ڷ飿
⸱֭ĬӣƶҲҿ϶һۻ˽𣿾һӣ˭ǷǮƵģ˳Ŷųˡ
㿴⼸ƶЩ˵ϳأҿΪãθڶˡ

ϫ̫עҲȷʵо⼸İ۱ƽʱˣҲû£
ǣҲͦõġ
ֻǡ
ȡ״⣺˵и˼ʼ춼ô˵
˭
ϫ룬ɲ𣺡û
˸ָǾ鳡ӣ£һĹɲñӸˡ
ѵõģϫͷЩͬǵ˵
һŤͷ˵˭
ϫʼ磬߱ߵû˭ʡ
ϫϰֵʱһϻؼңǰװܸ࣬ϻȥԵҶյе㿪ġ
ʵǣŵĻʳ㲻Ϻãиڶѣټ֮ȣÿÿԷʱֲ٣һƵûθڡ
뿪ʱǡһͬߵһԿ죬ʱƮƮбһۡ
ЩʱϰԵԶˣЩ档
˽Ų˫ֱţĸһ
һ㣬նֵİװ࣬ɲͬǣһס֮ǰǼӡǡһֵظϣֱӻݵ˯Ķǵ˯˵
ɽգȴ˹ٷһˬ򵥵İɫ룬ͷҲġǺ֮ǰϪһЩ
ȷʵеŶ
ɫʱֵ֣Ľֵϫ͵͵̾Ҳ֪໹óԵ졣
ӻǰűţΪ֣еԼҲ
ϪϪɸҸϽ
ԶھǵĳһòڴϣһŴڴߵĳ˯д˸磬ӣ§ű˯
ϫȥʱҶſڵȺʱʱҶزԷ˵Ͽĵ
û춼ǰװ࣬лһϢҪ֪˻ÿĳʲô
˵ҲǣϴλſڴӦȥ棬ⶼ˶ˣȻѾͷûᣬжڴ۾ɶװдŵġСԼߣǸû˼ģҲǲҲزס
Ҹʱһ°ɡ
ϫױ̨ߣȿڲˮ壬ŵͷʰĺҶһϢʱȥ档
Ҷһ٣Ӧæ꣬ܵϫǰ۾ˣСҪȥģ
ǹӡᶨһʱʧ˿ڣϫҲָ
ҶæûڵԼ죬ū澴ˡ
ϫЦҡҡͷûأ룬ȥĹӾʹȥġ
Ҷĵն˵ģĻ˿˶˵ģҶҲǸŮңӿ켸֡
֪ŮװС㣬ɲòϣǺÿˡƫƫɫԼ
Ҷһˣڵϫ§֫Ķã
ϫҡҡͷȥˡ
ǡڴʱһ͵͵öмֲ᣺ˡ
лҪ˵賿ӦжǺȣָ~
¿ͷ

23

ȵԭ򣬳Էʱ׳ϫڵķûнϣһСһȭͷ֮ķ϶
˿Ρ
ҶƵɿϫתؾصȥ룬Ͼǰǲʧ˹صġ
ϫ߹ȥʱż΢磬Ȱˬ٣УԶǸЦģϫüʾ˵⡣
ﴽǣԤʾõĶϫȴһ˿Ծ
ЦЦζԭϲһڡ
ϫĬĬ˸ۣ˵һֶĽͣ롣
ȥЩȤ˵½յһ̳þƣϹҪһͬȥ𣿡
ϫһھܾϣģĵ˵ͷԣȥϴ֮󡣡
ü棺ҵ㡣
ҹһµװʵıŸеˣʱִﻹѯʡȻ黹ûȷе䣬Ϲӻ᲻Ǹδ֪Ǹӵˣôܱס˵ıѼһһʮִ֪
ִǸ˵ģЩͬǱ̫ƫƧˣĺúõƫҪԼȥǱߡ
Ц£Ͳ˰ɣϹǸƤģÿÿǰܲҶ˵仰˽дʱָ֣һƵġ
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ִһ۱˽ſϷˣǰЩĵĶ·ǧСġ
ִ̫ˣܳǵΰһֱܺãǰóҲǺܿˣοĿŲˣǹˣʲô¡
ϵ·϶Լȵʱ䲻ȴĸƵġ
ϵģϵʱ˵ʧ仹Ρ
յǰͦģλʵƫƧûϲԶҲͱ
ȷʵ磬ɵȴһܲܵ顣
ʱɫѾﳣ걻ãûп棬ǲڸеһ˿
Ҳ֪˶ãһнĽŲ
ԭŲϤĸо
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ſڵķõŲͣ
ļظСŵֻҲŲĽָ΢΢ϸɡ
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£ȴûлӦ
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θ߰ͦΡ
ɤЩᣬϧӡѵңһ뷨û𣿿㣬㣬ЩǸһӦ˵ġ
˵ͷģĽѾãŹԸ⿴һˣȴ롭
˶٣̧ͷҹɫ俴ݣɹ˿˿˸оǿˡ
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˫ĺʼңһֲ˭˭ģһŮĻ£ʼ״
صŨصϢͣĲܣڸһ컡

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ſһ϶Ӧ֪Ҫġ
ϫŶʱĿһۡ
һ£΢΢бĿڴ̨ߣһžƺоӨˮգɫ¹ıеĿ
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֪ǲǾɫȾģһ˿ʹˡ
ϫ˫ֱ󣬵˵ͷ
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΢°벱֮ȱ¹ĵĿ
˲ͷΪࣿ
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ЦǸεСͷ
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ЦŵͷӴ̨ӯ߹ǰˣֻҹġ
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Ƕĳִ͸Խһ˵˼ȫ
ԣҲܡ
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룬ϫǲҶСңãǱǼһ㣬ˡ
˿ھƣԭˣǡ֪ϹϲʲôĹ
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˫ЦЦӣӲͷƤʾ֭Ȼκõģúõġ
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΢΢üһЦôͿҽһôˣ
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ƵʹĿǰȴ֪Ĺˡ
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εҡҡͷЦŴ˿ЩƤϫ
ΣüִŵģЦ£ԬӨˡ
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ᳰҲǣôˡ
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ͷǼҵ´Ҷ֪ҲغĨˣ˵ǣԬӨôˣôصŻϣ
˶٣ֲϴ˵岻ã
۾ûҲһɵ 
˵ԬӨԸҪȹԼĵλǾһҪӣҲǰԬӨŻôôˣҶôˣڲҪӣʵѾˡοҵڵͶңظǽжɡԣлûУԬӨ˵˿ûӰ졣
ǶУϫգգۣĵλȴֻһӣҲǺڴİɡֻǲģֻԬӨԼ֪
һ䣬
ϫɫôңⲻ롣
ƵЦĪ⣺ǡǰ˶ֻ¡
ϫޱ᳹ף᣿
˫Цߵǰˣ۾ɫ롣
һϥϣ°ͣģ⣺Ȼᡣ
ϫ˴΢еһۡ
ͻȻͷͷϣСţһֱ˰С
ϫ̧ͷ
δջأʱ͵͵ģһס
лҪ˵ĩβּһǧ֣ˢؿʵ̫ˣûдꡭһж֪㣬϶Уǰ

24

ϫĶһ˿һԴҧ壬ƣ
Ϲʲô
Ƶͷһȴ˿ûзӦ䱾ҲȥȻţףףס
ϫ޿̣׼һġ
Һ㡭Ӭȴպ
ϫһ㶣ͻȻЩġҧҧ꣬ʮεĽ߾ٵջأյľͷǰɣУǻϻһȥġ
ţϫҲô³ƿƵĺ˼¶Ǻϫص̾ķԴüס̶ú齵ķ
ԵĺܣҲΪˣĻ
סҶͲԼЬԼЬ
ʵʵڴϣϫ֣Ҫת뿪ʱ°ںر˳סקק
ѹţŤͷüѯʡ

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ʱһֻͻȻСĸ첲ڴֽŲõĿס塣
ϫ£ά״Լ׵ĸ˿ö
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ᱻһѹţû취ѡ

ڳһֻ֣ıߺƣѣѣƣ
ûãûãһһ㷴ӦûС
ϫҲû˶˿ڴϣҲʼεˡ
ҡͷͼԼѵ㡣ĿĴƣɢԼע
ٹһᣬٹһͺãȾƾ΢ȥָߡ
תתԴ̲סӡ
ȵϢɢʪʪȵģЩ΢
ϫüͷһ壬Ϊͷתͷȥ
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Ŀ֮˽ëŨƵĴ۽ޡ˯ˣȵһ
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еɰ
üǣǼÿģ˲òϣϵ۴ʱǲƽģΪÿķ档
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ʵףߣϫӲŲӣҲٽͷŤȥˡ
һƣ˯ܿϯ۾ʶģʱԺвظһͺá

ڴ۵ģʶˣȴû۾
һ˯ĺǲǴ˿̻ξ֮УΪôҲû˯ˡ
˻ᣬųѹ
ийٻҲлָ۾۵Ǿ졣
ĿɨɨͷϾͲˣȻȻһ˯һ
һʱܽܣüԵˡ
²ĹϢʱΪļ̾һ
ҡ
ǰȷʵǸصĳϮңڸܲܳǣϼʲô
Ϫ񡭡ȡĻ
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ǲ̫ˡ
ĿĲ֮ϣΪҹǹأ˿̻Ǵţȴó
ɢһȻɫ⣬ԵƤۻһֳ΢ͷʱǶϸϸëܿ
ı̣ͦСɣԵ÷ʺ˯˺촽΢΢
ΨһģԼ۵׵ĨɫˣΪֵҹߵԭ
ļһµͷ
ԽܰϢԽԣǼǹʵζ
ҹζһҹ
ƺ£Ʋסļ룬ֱǼᴥ¶ƬĲ
۾һᡣ
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ʱԵСȵ£ƽһ£һ̣㿴ëţ۾
ϫѲԾ۵ͬһʱ̣һգݺݵĽͲϵƿ
ϫ𣬻δѵŭһүˣǼʳ㣿
գգۣģ޹ֻǺ湫Ϊ㡣
ϫݺһۣͷҲصˡ
ű͵һˤķţͷ۵¶ͷ
԰ ǿˣȻȻҪһԣ
˷˷ˡ
һӲѡ


25

˵ҪµĹٷˡ
µģ
ǰļģⲻ˺ͷ˵ˣۻµıһʵĹٷ
̫ˣ;ÿ촩һˣػ϶ġ
ţͷ˵⼸һͣʱ򷽱ò
ҺͲġ
ǰСϣأ߰

СϣϪ񣡡
ʲôϫһ񣬲֪˵ʲô
궪˰㣬ߣ
ϫ˿ûߡ
䣬Ҳ˵ԹԵȥ
ֱȥ˱ˮһȵ΢΢
궪ˣɣһˡ
Ȼһ˯һҹҪõ֪ˣøж˿飬ȡ
ȻǲûзʲôȻ񾭱ȽŮбǺġ
ԺҲܷˡ
˰Ƶĺá
ϫ˻ᣬԼҡҡͷعԼλá
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ͷѵ˵ôһϯپڸæȥһˮһ͵͵Ĺ۲ϫķӦ
ûʲô仯ߣֿ˻ôһ佱Сװ
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㣬ͷô˵춼˵أ
ϫĬȻ
ͷһӣҲܣ·ѾˣҲֻ֪ͨǻڽص۲ǶλģԴ¡

ǰй˵һͨڣ
۲죿Ȼǹ۲첻Ӧ˭Ҫ˵й۲ĽʵĽ
ס
ͷȥȥȥ
ϫĮŶ


56

·ظʱɫѾյֻһˣ滹ҹµζĿתתȷʵˡϹӲ֪ʱѾ뿪Ҳǣȥֵء
ҹĿ񻶻Ŀڵĺöκ֧˯˹ȥǲ̫У·һȳһյġ
ߵ·ʱ·ߵʯͷˣһʱûϾſڵϾþû
ǣ̫ʹˣ˺ѵʹüһ𻹲̫ԣںȫӿ
ǡڴʱиO@ĽŲ̧ͷ
ƤڣһЦʱ¶ͦף±ϵ֦û°ɡ
վɿ֣û£лˡ
ץץͷЦţлл
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ֻ½ŲǰߣͷҲûء
ɻѾͷִ峿ʱָϻæܹȥѹ
ڻǻʹʱһע⣬˱ĵ˵ϡ
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һָж󣬿ȴָˣٴˤڵϡ
ִʶԾæǰȥ鿴
ոһʱҲûע⣬ϸ˲ŷɫ󣬴ɫȴ԰סˤڵϵģִ鿴ʱĽǶǡܿԼһ㡣
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ƨɺմĻҳ·ƼԼߡ
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ִߺڻָһƬž
ԼУŮҵĽߡ
ǵãҹԼŨʱ˵ЩȰɳƣҵģҵģҵġ
ĻϲԭϪϪֻǲ¶ضѡ
û뵽ôϲңû뵽ռôǿҡ
ģģҲҵġ

նֵİװ࣬ϫҪҶʱҪЩϫһҪۡ飬⼸糿ȥǰ治ԶĽֱЩ
ȵʱθڲãϲԱͷ֮ĸʳ԰·ߵ̣ü춼Ǻȵҵİࡣ
ǰһӣϰһ۾ϳЦЦҪ˵ʢ˰
ҷʵ㣬ֻϫθС糿ÿֻܺȰ룬ϰҲ˽ˡ
ϣϹӡ
ͷ˼ڣߺشһЩϤ


27

ֹϫѿڶ
£ǰϫǰﻹݵĿ
ϫƵĪ̧ԼǲжűŹֵĿ⿴Լ
ȴû˸Ϲӣ⼸ôң
ϫһͷˮΪʲôҪȥ㰡
ֻؿһۣۿˣ㣬ĪǣĪǣ
˵˵ȻϫҲˣһԣվǰ˫ֱأһ̬
ҲҪ˵ʲô
˰ûѺĻֻ˫ͨģͰ͵Լ
ϫԼǲǶʲô˵캦֮¡
Ѱ˼⼸Ҳû۸˼Ҳ۸ѽ
һô£
Ҳǿ಻ԣûˡ
ңִſڱ֤һ˳Ϫ񣬻Ҫ̧ȢԼšϾǸңҲ̫ûȥҹϪ񣬿˭룬ңҲҡ
벻ˣûз
ڼҴ˼ִﶼȥ겻ģˣҪȥ˵˵
òҲﲻסˡ
û뵽Ǹ˪һְ㿴ɲ̫Ϥİ˵̬ȡ
Լ⸱̬ǲ뵱鲻ڣû
ǣ֮ͥ£ôʳڣҪˡ
ǣĥƬ̣Ǵ˳嶯һС
ҧŴ꣬ĵĲ⣺𣿡
ϫͷû
⸱ģϫпƽĲƽˣϾ˭
ǲһˡ
ģƻ𣬺޲ð븹ٲȻǼµˣ̫
ļֱͬ׹ѣ˼˶࣬ȴ¶̫࣬ϲˣǰһ𣿡
ϫһüһ
ȷǳԹûôǰˣҲֻԹһضѣֳһû궪·ڵĴƳˣԭ̫ˣԲȥ
ϫֳĬˣĿʹĶҪιȥˡ
ϫҲû˼ңӦصȽϲࡣ
ſڣ˵Щʲôʱ̵ϰ˹ˣܲθ𣿡
ϫЦ£ǣֻЩ¡ʱ쵽ˣϰ˰ɣҵˡ
ϰͷû⣬´
ϫְĿֹ»£ˡ
ҧҧ꣬ʵǰͲסˣץס䣬˵Ϲӣô
ϫͷѣ
ϫѾʼЩͷˣ˵Զ˵˵һһ룬һͷˮѹ֪˵ĵʲôһԼǷĺκ
ҶŮңϫƢѾǺõըˡǻĥĥҪͷжζ
ǲ˵ϫҪʱһ˹ǺϤ
һ߹㣬˵ڸ
һˣæɿ֣ôôίĵͷ
ϫûʲôҪȥŵ·ϡ
һҲãҲٲϫͷʲôٸ°ɡ
ϫߺֻһˡ
̧ͷʱۿһһʱϪ۸ˣ
ҧŴ꣬ʹԼۿҲ̲סĻ
ʱղһغϣϰѾעߺþˣһĶϰߣϰӴһջĿ⡣
ҿۣסĸ첲·ߵС
һ͵͵ôˣǸո˵Щʲô
һ֪е飬ǰҲûˣֻǶҹģʵϹ˵ϲҵˣⲻǣⲻŪ
һ۵Ҫµû£һˣͷ㻹֪𣿡
˶٣ǽεĴϣֵȥҸȥ㡣
ӣڲˣĻ𣿡
һ˳촽Цġ
лҪ˵ǰǰ漸ϸĲ~ȻܲΪĴҪvˣϼҪģѾǱˣٱһҾ͸~
Ȼֻǿܿܣûн¥ظɣŵǰȷϢ~

28

ȥʱЦӯӯ, ʱү˶ס, ʲôѽ
òЦЦδش
⸱״ִ̬ﶼòԾĵĪ˴̼϶ɵˡ
˵͵Ű, , ϹһҸ𸴵ġ
ִıӰ, Ĭҡҡͷ
ʵֻԼŮܹϺõ, ǿ, Ҳعִȥµ, ·ɵŮˣ޿ˡһеĻʱϳ
ִ֪Ҫҹʱֹһǰϵķ, ֪ȰȰס, ĥ˻תݷ˸ӽ
Ҫ˿·ѡ
һӹһ뻹ʲô
žϢĴˣûпԼҪӰ
ûϵԵȡ
ǹô죬ٴ̤ռ棬ûסĺĿڵʱ
Ժ︡Ϫſ, ֤õһΣ۵Ŀռ䡣
֨һ֦
һͷˡ
¹иڵҪЩ, ˱ԿЩ
ǰӰ΢΢üߡЩ֡
ɻţǰ߽һ±ҶȵĿ֨졣
δü˼̫࣬˱㱻§Ȧס
ϤĻϤţϤζһеһжڸǸϪ
㼫µû뵽ǸĮǾίĻвؿίͰ͵ϹӣΪνʱҪװʲôҲûӣһΪΪ
˺Ȧڻء
˵Ǹҡǹġ
ҹʱֲ֪ΪλԵøΪŨʱɤʣ
񲢲Ҫ̫Ľͣһ䡰Ǹǹ⡱㳹ԭˡ
ƺ˫֮УȻȻı㷢ˡ
ô죬ǶŶԷԷζ塣
˶ûûصŻȤ
ҪʱȴͻȻͣϣһٵĴţƵʻߡ
پͣ˿̵ɤĶǿγˮôˣ
ɤӣģŵмҪ˵
ͷܣŤŤӡ
¹£ӿȴٶӦ˲
챻ڷˣȻѣֻ˵
ͷҵ촽صȥš
˶۵˯˹ȥ˭ҲûǼҪ˵Ҫ顣
ҹʱ̣¹ⷴӵͰԭ֪ʱмƬƮ˹ȥǡõС
ԭǱڵĻ˯ȥģ˼̫ԭûһˡ
Ե˻ڳ˯ţǷҲ۵ˣе͵͵
ͻȻúѣ۾һʱᾹ˯ˣģߣģա
һᣬòһʹ΢΢һԵ¡
Ż谵¹⣬ȹš
һӲӲĶЦùĦ˼£谵ĿռٿضһɫĹâ
ҹ΢ӸܵⴵС˼£ȶ
ýЩ˵ݡ
΢Ĺâ£ϵıؽס
˫ɫﵹӳϤס
һһôһ
ǿͬһʱ̣һӵС粢̫ãǡΪһϵеĶҶ˼º㳹Ϩˡ
ڻָղŵĻ谵ͳ
ϵҲոľѣϰ֮ˣӦ죬һѱŵذ嵯̬
ôˣδºĵлָ
ˣߣͣһ㶼Ϫϱߡ
ʱЦһЦ˵ΪϪ񣬴δɹ
ôˣһε񣬲ı仯ķҪ߹
Ъ˹
ʣһĵѾ˴𰸡
㣬֪ˡĵͳ
Ѿˣ㱰޳Ҷģ
һһɫͨ죺˵ĽѾãһϪϡ
죡ϣ޳֮µ𣡻ûʵ˵ҵæԭҪﵽԼĿģһϹΪˣԭСˣ
һؽҧţ΢΢侲㣬ȷڻҪѾˣ㻹Ϫʲô
㣬һԭԶĵ̶ȣ޳ܣ
޳ܣһЦһǻԼͶͱģ
ǳ·ǰȷʵûɣΪϪŻᡣ
һҲˣ˭á޷ܣοǸƢõģѾóˡ
˿̼ƿԣҲ֪ԼҲдģϲģǰһңұҵס
ҧгЦ
ԣһЦҵھǵٵġ
Ǻ͸ǰˣϪٲȻµĲڸļζǸνܣ
ȻòªҲƽƽ棬뿡εȣȣ⡣
޷Լһƽƽĳªһ
һԼٵĵ˳ӿϲٵġ
УϪǰ㳤ĸǶƵСȻǲᲢ۵ģοǾǵĹү˵˭֡
£˶ֱͦЩ
ޣݺݵʧƾòȻҸɾޣòҪǸ˾ӣС˻жԶԶ
һ䣬´æϱҪܡ
Ҫȥģߣһۼֿǰס§ڻ
ϢǰΪζеİȴ
Ǽĵ׾κ˵һСʯͷ籩㽵١
ſңſң޳СˣֽŲ÷ţֺֻҵһĴץӣ֮󣬼֮رһѪ˿
һ˲ٵƤ֮࣬ԾŮ˴ǷˣǰʶǸˣһ䣬͵ؽƿ
ƿʱûסϵͷײſıԵƺһԼװˣſڵϵ
һĵҲһᷳŷڵ޵ˣĲ͡
Լϣ䶪һ䡰Լɡˡ
лҪ˵emmmǲһˣд£һ£Ҫһ£ʣµһ𷢰ɣʱ͡ʮɡĸʱ䣬ǰɣûд~cu si
⣬һûݺôô
͹ӵϷ~

29

Ҷտɸ˻, ˸粻˵, ﶼС
ҹС˵ˣϢ, 档ԴСɹӺ, ûдǰ, ɲϺһᡣ
ϫ˯Ȼ, Ҳ, ʱǡǡá
, ȣѡһǳɫ
ҶѾȲˣϫʰ׵ȥͷ߰ɡ
, ȥѽҶಽʵ
ȵң
ϫδ, δȵ
β䣬ͣ»תԵȶãĿбӵļǰߡ
һŲʱӿ죬ܵǰִȵһסǵȥ·
ϫƣ̲һۡ
ƸЦһջ, ￪ȶҪȥģ
Ҷû̫࣬˵˵Ҫȥ档
ԴϫϴεһҶλӸĹ۲٣Ҳ봫еƺ̫һ, Щȷʵÿնȥ޷֮̾أС㻹Ǻòصġ
üһͬȥɣ
ϫбۣղȥ¥Щˣ
ɫһһǰ§ļ
ҶԱ߿۾ֱˡ
ϫһܿĶл˵
ԹһԵĺҶ
Ҷʮ㣬ʶǰߣ˵Ŀռ䡣
ϫüҪ˵ʲô
Ҫȥصĵǿ죬Ҫ㡣
УϫܾҲ졣
Ƶʱѹ۽ǣ¶Ǹ߻顣
ϫµϿ˿۽ıݡ
ƵίͰ͵ıˣ˵Į飬§˯ĺġ

ϫһƳջظղŵĻ
ȣʱԹϴǸϫй˶ϧģ
ָƫƫѹӵģһ΢΢ǺЦϹӣ֮ǰ˵Ҫȫġ
ϫɨۣڲǺúõģ
ҡȣЦӲڣʱ²֪ܷˡ
ϫЦһϹ죬ôҿû鷳ء
˵ĺԬӨԸϫȴε̻ƵأΣյûҼʶ
һֽ̾ۡ
ϫһͷﺬЩζҪʲôϷ
ɫµĸ첲ɫ𪣬ϫɨһۣúõİҲûϡ
һ̧ۣƳ⡣
˹ǣת˲ţ˸棬δõ˺۾վǰ
ϫһ㶣ֱ΢΢ǰȥ
ƺˣʱ䲻ãӦ⼸շġ
ôŪģָָ
ƺܿ콫ַ̾һھ¥ǺȵĺúõģȴΪСνĲСģ
Сģʣģ
Цһɼȹˮˣ
⵹ǡ
¶ȣǸճ¯ùġҡҡͷЦݡ
֪һԬӨϫüʡ
˵ǰʱҵ鷳Ҳ⣬οڶжֻ䱾Ҫɲ
˵ţͣԴɻĿתһЦü䣬˼˰ԬӨ˭ϲң˭뺦أ

ϫĿһۣȥ
ЦһϹӣȵѽ

ȵģϫȻǿܵģֲҶѾͷʧҶԼҲ벻Ҫȥ⼸˺þòž
ɽ·Զи߸ߵľڵʮˬֻϾɽ·;ҲѾˡȻϫϰ䣬Ҳⱻⳤ;Ĵ
ҶÿղͼҲȥһӹСȴС
ĵĵơ
ϫͷۣţȻ
ϾǸҹӣԵֿͷ
һ룬һרϢͤСЪһᣬͤСмԼɽҲϢǵӣǴһˡ
ϫͣϢһɡ
ͤҲһһŮڶʱʱŮòĴƬҶձȷ硣ƺһԶС¡
ϫͺҶһߣҶ㿿һ۵ֱߵӣȥʲô
⻰Ҷˣɽ·;ʵѽﻹ˵޲ñ۾Ѿɽˡ
ҶʳһԵҲ̧ͷʪʪģҲۼˣƯĹ𣿡
ҶĿƹȥһ㶡˫һ΢΢𣬴ЦǳǳͷѼ両ϸϸ飬һɫͼ
΢촽֪Ӻÿû뵽Ǳƽʱһʵ̫Ưˡ
ϫǲɿƵĳ˳顣
⸱ģ⸱̱ľϰģǲߵķ˿ˮʪڼϡ
ϫĬĬ˸ȥͦÿģ۳˻˼ȥģ
ЦҪ磬
δ˵꣬ϣҴˣҴˡ
ϫԡ
ߺҶڴϫһʱ治֪ô˵ֻżȻʳ̸·Ҫһ֯棬ŲʹҶˣɽʲôĲء
ǲ֪ʲô𣿡Ů˹ߵλ£Ӽ״Ҳ˹
ϫûأƵĶЩüʣô˵֪
ǹڴЦһȻ֪
ϫߵӣŮ˵ʱĵΪȷ磬ʵ氮ˡ
ȣȵķ粻󣬵һҶȷıǲˡ
üǳǳЦ⣺ʲô
ǹƺ͵⻰أʳ۾һ澰ɫʮˬҪпԵʯ
üԵʯ
ϫɢΧϿ˿ĬĬš
ͷ͵˵ֻҪǿʯͷϿֵŮһõҸ
Ҷһˣɥǹ
ûסЦ
ϫ΢գһۣ촽ֻǺϸЦȴôҲزסģЦļڷ
λŮҲǣ͵͵Цһ
ϫޱ˭˵һҪµֻ˵ԵʯȥԵ𣿿ԼֻΪԵѵУ
Ů΢΢һЦ˵Ҳеͨġ
ϫͷ
ЦҲˣֻкҶﶼΪԼԵɡ
ϫ죬˵һ䣬δ߱ٿȻϡ
ӻδףƺǾȣ
ϫƹȥޱ鿴
ôʲô
лҪ˵е㳤Ҷ˲дʮǰһ𷢳ɣ
Уص˸ĵط׼һ֣ôô

30

ƵЦ
ŮӴԼҲʶԼͻ, ¶ǸǸ, ǿǱá
ϫ˳˵ûǱþûгףҲǲȱŮ˵ġ
Ҳѧģ˿, ߵ, ¶˫ŮӶ
ָ޳, ִҡҲ, ҲѰһమİ¡
ϫû˵
మ
ŮЦһ֪ӹգ
ƻ΢Цơ
, Ů΢, Ծȣӣ
üʶ£
ǹ΢죺ֻ
ֵճ, г
ף¹
, ϫһȤŶԻҶʱʱлκ󣬵һһֱһԲסˡ
ɫ죬ȴҲû¶̫࣬ЪϢ˲ʱ䣬ǲǸüˡ
ϲ˵ԼɽʱȤ¶, ΢Цš
էһ˴ϣ￨û˵Ļʱˬ
üһšͷһ, ȴҲǰ
ο
һЦƣԵһͬɣ
ᡰβԥ
ΪܿûһЦһͬĹӡ
һжϹӵġ
ͻȻᵽԼϫü
һҲǲԡƮƮһȴβ˵ĳ
¡
ϫͷҪ𣿡
Ҷһ㶣ҵĿⶼƵԼˣæҶԡ
ϫϫͺҶ֮ɨЦϹӴ˶ء
ϫһ̧ۣޱ޹ء
Цһ
նʱϫⲻ̲һ仰Ūʮ֡
Ƶ֮һ㣬΢۲һ
ջһֱڸм͵Ӵƽ֣ˣһ̼ͬ߰ɡ
ϫͺҶںͷǰͲͣһһϵĳԼЦơ
Ҷ˳ϫ䣬΢ٽŲͷʣôˣ
Ҷǰϫü
ֹ룬Ҷˡ
˭˵ĶܻӭأƵġ
ϫζǰ棬ԴǳֺһֱĮӣµ°ͣҲ֪ġ
˵ԽԽȲŶԣž죬ȴĵȴǰ㺹ˮҲûǱɽˬˡ
Ҷסӣ紵ĺѽڼﶼû졣
ԽߣܼϡƲ㣬һ˲ķĽŲ
ϫͣ˽Ųԭ΢۾£ƺ˿˿Ϣȷʵǲġ
ͣҶȥرԳһɫС䡣
ϫҲ˹ɫСƬӵײ쵽΢΢мǼϸϸĻ
ͦƯĻǲ֪ʲô֡
ҶԼСעȫһƬϣż⽫Ļһ壬ЦСÿ
ϫ£ֱ̧뽫С
ʱǰҲע⵽ߵĶˣƲ֪ʱȻߵĸָ̧㱻ۼֿס
ϫգգûӦ
ȴȻɿֽ̧ߵС¶˶ǹ̶¡
ոպҶʱ̫ͻȻڶߵСԵЩҡҡ׹
ϫüҲ
Ϊβ˵ܺÿ
ϫǾòԣӡ
⻰һҶ͵ϫһۡ
ȴΪȻһתת΢΢ժһ
ϫ״ʱһĵ
⻨ժʱûע⣬СĶ೶˻һء
ƽָ⣬̧˵ϫǼ⣬Ữʱһ˿㡣
ϫ˶ˣ
ȴЦһ΢΢𣬽Ļֲ̧ԼߣߣҶԳơ
Цһ
ϫ
Ҷȴţ԰԰ʹŰɣĺܺÿ

ϫȥǸŮӣЩϲĨȥġոֻ⸱ģ˿ȥã¶иˣʲôɹ˼ɵġ
ߵʱ򣬲֪Ƽϫߣǰĳ߲֪˶ˣϣϫȥˡ
һκԹŤͷȥ
ϫ˽ŲѹΪβǰˣ
գգۣ½ղǸϹӳ𣿡
ϫһû˹;ĿԹҲ𣿡
Թģǵñ˻Ϊǰôˡ
ЦϹӵıȤ
ϫεİһۡ
Ц̫̾ˡ
͡ϫͷһûס޹˼ɵЦ
һ̧ۣƲƲ죬ֻ
ϫ֪̫ЦʱװģϪӻвġ
סƵںЦ˼֮ǰͤʱЦʱ״ֻڽɫԻˡ
Цʱ΢¶ݹأݵģ۾ǻᷢ⡣
̧ﵹӳ΢ıӰԼǼ㱳ȥ̲ס͵Ц
͵һЦº͡
ɽķԽɽߴķԽСߵСҲˡ
ϫʶֵ£ûסһЦ
ɫļǰߡ
ṴŴǣǷۺĶŵͦɰ
ţϫ쵽˲Ծ
ǰ˺Դߵ֮󣬱ƺû˵һ仰
ǰһξ룬ȴҲŸȥʱʱͷۡҲͷȥ˱Ť
Ҳ⣬Դ֮ߵֻδᣬǺͳʶ˭ٴ󣬹ƶ̲ȥɡ
ôһ룬ϫһǸ
һϫǰʱʱŤͷͺҶ˵仰ǲʶĲһ䡣
ߣǰͻȻ
ϫʱ߾裬̧Ľ¿ȥ
ȴѾΪǱȽϽԭȹܹ
ϫķ򣬲Ҫֽʱһܣȥ
ϫһ㶣һȴһ첲ס˲ӣ첲Ҳ˽Ȧڻ޲˶ϡ
ģϤĲϤĲˡ
˸գһʱ֮Ŀɿڴ
԰Ӧչġ
ϫӣˡ
΢ŵмֺ£־ǰŮûԱ𡣡
аɣ
˱ۣҧźԼãܲ֡
У§ĽЩߣ¡
ϫһ
ڹԹԵķ֡
ǰ洫ӵûߡ
ϫŤͷ
£ңҸոǣǿˣĿġ
ϫЦ£˵ͣظɡ
ǣ֮ⲻھưɡ
Ŷϫ˳ǣǿѾˡ
ǰӴԼҲԣ£
ǲĵĿơ
֪ûֻԹԵĿڣǾѽٺһ㡣
ϫ˰ɡ
һߣƱĿڣ㳯ϫһЦ

ôеһղװأ
ɽѾǰʱ󣬵϶ʱվܿµɽȺòв㸡ƣϲСķΧľһɾĸо
λòԭǱǿνԵʯռ˲λãҶһûһɫȥԵʯǰվˣ۾濴ʲô
ơ
òͣ˹лˡ
ϫҡҡͷߵҶߣʲôô񡣡
ҶָʯͷĿ֣Ц㿴ö¡
ϫɨۣüҲ
Ҷʱ˸ȴʮʵϵҶҪɾ
˶٣һߵˣʱʱߣ˱¹Ҳû취
Ҷϫ߽˲ѹѵС㲻Ҫһ𣿡
ϫ룬ļĳ˵ʲôԵʯţеܻУûеҲ
Ҷ˱죬С㡭
ϫЦǼСҶӾô޳ȥҴ㲻𣿡
ҶֺʲôҲ˼ٽˡ
˺ˣϫˣ΢°ڣȲ/һذף̰ɡ
ۣҶʱˣСô
ϫĻͷۣѾˣѹǹӡ
Ҷһ죬ݺݵĵͷʾ֪ˡ
ϫЦЦɱҹǸʲôģֶܲ
ǡóҲˣϫ仰ЦʣϹǸʲôѽ
ϫĿȻλ¹Ѿ֮ǰͤĲˡ
δϫ˵Ҷһ°ȵҼҹŵĹˡ
ü죺ǡ죿
Ҷͷû
ĿϫϲεɨɨЦûء
ϸ첲ϸȵģŮ˻ϸ죿ץĵ𣿱оå򲻹ɣ
Ҷ⻰֣ʲô˼
΢¶ҡͷһЦûʲô˺ܺãܺá
ϼʯѬգϫһȱ˸Թɫоֹһ۱ֻܿǱҪôǱ˵飬ܲţʵȷʵˡ
һԵߵϫߣҲãϹӿˡ
С
ҶذʯͷϼѵĿ̳Լ֣ذ׹黹ϫҪ֣һ
סбȥ
۾ϹӲҲҪԵ𣿡
аɣԼڵĿӣҲҪꡣ
ϫ߹ȥһС䣬˸С֡
ʣȫ𣿡
ϫޱ飺ּɡ
ҲУƵͷҲ
ϫذϫҵǸϺһĵ֡
һϣһ
ϫΪʲôƫҪҿһ𣿡
һգѡλúá
Ϊʲôѧҿ̸֣
Ҹоͦѿ̵ģ

ϫ׼ٴذʱһԵˣͷʣҪ𣿡
ſ𣬳ȵˡ
Ӷʱס
ϫüȤ
ȥʱ򼸸˶Щƣˣһ·ͣĳĬ
ߵмͤһͣЪ˻ټ
֪˶ã̫ɽڻصɽš
ǵķƺͬ
ҪһߣæҪ˵
ֻǸһ㱻ߵס˸첲ŵĻһѹѾڱŭ𣺡ˣ
һʱȦˣû𣬲˵ˣҲûй
Ӧţȴܴ󣬽ĸ첲Ūۡ
һ·Ļ̲ס㵱Ҳһ·ϲҪ˼ҲԼʲôܿ㣿ܲе֪
һҲܲס˵ʲôأҳʲôÿ㣬Լ𣡡
ϫŤͷȥǵĻҶ
ȤҲ
ֻǻ˵Ƹʱϫб˲ǳ
ɥͷӣҺί
лҪ˵ƸԤաеСǡ±
һãһ
һСǧ𣬴Ӻ˽תСسǡ
Ӷ¥ĺζ죬໰ƪɡ
ʾɣ
һеĴǸѬԼδͬѧ
ͬѧף
ѧʱܳǸŮѧʱݱ걩˿ɱȰţ
һ̰ڰ̨ˣе̣ͷñǿ׵٣
գգۣǣһʮǮϡ
ܳܳʲô裿ɰС
ݼ˶ڱһ٣ҲɱԼһŭ֮˵ĵԿ
û취ˣва
Сһӣ㡣
УңС
ĳΣʣ磬ϲɶģ
ݵüһǰ͹̣Ƚɣ
ףϲ
?
ݣǲǶʲô⣿
Ŷһμȳš
֮ܶһҵ䣬һ߿ıһѧ˸֮лС־úѧϰ¸Ĺ¡
ݣˣǮ硣

˸ϷѧXǮװɳפһд
ֳǸʵޱᣬСˡ
֮ܶһҵ䣬һ߿ıһѧ˸֮лС־úѧϰ¸Ĺ¡
ݣˣǮ硣

˸ϷѧXǮװɳפһд
ҲСĶһˣڰдˣ¸÷
һ»˵̫ˣҪǷһ˫ɣ컹˫ʮǰ

31

תĹ˴, ʱձ
Щʱϫյյϼʯͻ, ǰȴҲû˵ûҵˣûеټںʱ, ܲһֱôװŰɡ
, ûʲô, ֮ǰֲܰʹһЩʱҲͣ, ֻÿƺæ, һϢʱûӰ, Ϣʱһƣ벻ͷ󺹵ģ
Ȼ˲ֻ˵Ҫ¡
Ҳգ޹ء
, ϫȥ, Щƣ˯һ׼Ϸţ⴦Ҷƺġ
ϫͣ¶΢ſ
ܵԼǰˣյôʲô
Ҷ΢֪ǼĻǻŵá
˴, ˣҹӡ
ңϫһ˲ֱӣȷң
֮ԾΪѾųϢԼͼҸԶȥ̽, ˵ġ
Ȼ
ȷҶλ˵ǼϹӡ
ӶֺҶ˿ϫ᲻ʲô˼
°ͣϪģòʲôһծɡ
ӣҶ
ϫ˳ִķţ߰ɣȥ
ǰǰϫڹսǴվһᣬۺĹֻȴҲȷǲʶõġ
ǹǵȵģĿЩƲ
ϫ˽ȥ
һ˵ƭ˵ģĿڴ뾪ϲ
ƺѾԶ׼ˡ
ϫϲԣòõˡ
ǹæЦᣬͻȻҹӣ߶Źˡ
ϫʣ֪Ϊ£
֪ӡǹһЦɻǵң
ϫ΢ɲĳ鴤£ôϤĶ԰ףôƺء
£ⲻǴĸ
ϫΣܷٸʾ
ɿĿһۣе΢΢塣
ϫջĿ⣬
ͣнĶϴΣڳֽ־ƹݣҺһһ𣬹㡭
˶٣ɣӵʱ˵㲻Ǹ󷽵ˣҺˣһҪȥġ𣿡


Ϫĺø磬Ҳ˵һ㣬
ϫҡҡͷʵڱǸæ½¼ǵЩˡ˵һʱ֮ˡ¼ǲ
ϫ⻰˵Ҳǡô˫εĴ
ڶԷҲ֪ܿæģҲŹĺˣƽæŴ˵㾩ǱߵϺòƷ빫ӡ
˵ţŮǰһĶ
ϫɨһۣ䲻֪ʲôľвԼĻƵΪϸʮ㣬ȥͼֵơ
Ҳá
ƺеӡˣϫֻǹˣԼҵһЦϾĹﵱ棬µĲףأջȥɡ
ǹϵ齩Ӳ£ʵ˵Цˣͳȥջĵ
ϫһʱա
ʱһĽŲ
ϫͷȻˡƽʱ򲻶𣬽ջ磿
ҡȣ˹
ŹеĻȣ·ʱǽ磬ȥܺõӡ
֡
ϫ˵˲
λǣ
ϫһ㶣Ȼʶ𣬲ҲǣԼ֮ǰҲֻġ
ӣ
ϫŤͷȥƣȻҲһ㶣Ӧĺܿ죬ϾֳѾֲˡ
¡Ƶ
պƵأǹûٶ࿴ۣƿĿ⣬ֳϫ߽Ƶ䵭ȫȻͬ
Ϲӣ°ɣʱˣҲûȥˡߵŮнӹݸϫ
ϫЦϴĲǱһᲢۣҪĻ´ιºһһˡ
۾Ȼԡ
һ䣬еĶδջȥֻȻ˵͸ӣ㻹°ɡ
ʲôʵ
ϫδڣǹȵҸ״ӾǴϺòƷ˶кôġ
üǣ
԰ʲô𣿡
ʣոߣ
Լ־ٵˣֻȴȻϷľУʶң
Цһʶ˶٣Ŀƣ˰Ҳ۵ľϣ°ɣ˼ҵһ⣬Ҫܾ಻ð
æͷϫ
ϫֽ̧̾ӹл
źЦлл˵ˣ´빫Ӻһһ𡣡

λδϫſƴǣ˼ѾŮˡ
ĺҶæ߹ϫнӹС
ϫ˵͵ҷȥɡ
Ҷߺ󣬴ڶƶˣûȥĴ㣬ϫһʱȥֻɫԭأƽûҪչһȵҲһḧ°ͣµſڵķ
ϫŽŲߵǰסߣޱ飺ʲôأ
ƵջزtĿ⣬ҡҡͷЦ
ϫۣòǿ˹˰ɣ
һ㶣תЦҿĳ߹˼ϣȻ黵Ե
ˡ
Σȿϵģһ绹࣬й֮޲
ʶλϫȻ뵽
Ҳܻ䣬ͷֹʶ
ϫüƺʶӡ
ƵȷʵֻʱҼ棬ӦǼǲסġ
תһԵϯλ£ĿڣҸϵ
ϫ߹ȥ⣺ϵ
˵ߣı̼Ҳգҥǲŵġ
ƣ߼ܳǣߵܳͨǡ
߼ңҸϵʹ͢Ķܶ඼Ǿֲɹȥ
ϫУʲô𣿡
Цˡ
ȻtһȦϫ̧ȥģûˡ
Ѿ߻ºЦǺõġ
Ĵȷʵ
ֵЦ̧ۣǼңǮ𣿡
ϫһֱܵĲǮʲô
ûǮĻôǮλүƵأ
ôһҭ޹գգۡ
ŵΪЩǮǴġ
ϫϰѹε¡
ȴǶ룬ܳ䷢չȴҲֻһССĳǳضѣҪʵĲƸֻЩԶԶġ
ϫü̧˵
ûѵõ۵׵Ц⣬һ˿֮ҵİѱҼͷ˶θڲС˵Ҳֹġģ²˵Ҳܲµõ
ϫͷֻǡ
Щ˵Ͳҽ¶ȥ𣿡Ŀûй˵һʵ
Щ漰̫̫࣬һҾˣô׾˵˳ҲĴ
ȴһЦ㲻ˡ
ϫһ̧۶Ŀ⣬ɫᣬǸɢ٣Щ桭
ϫʲô
Ȼǡȣ΢΢ǱбԴǺܺõѰ
ϫСϼʯߣܳǣҲδ˼䳯͢ҲȫȻ֪
ѡ
ӵе޼ȴ֪Ĵʡ
˲򵥣һʼ֪һֱѣȴû˿ԱҪסһССĲСҲʲô⣬ЦӭϲźܶͲеĶ
˵Ǿ֮ͻΪһۺʱεؼ澳ƤЦǡ
ҪƤƵĲ
ܹݲģǸӲ
˵ѣǾѰɣø˳ѣҲ
ƴֹ˵ʲôأ
һбۣĵ˵Ǹ˻
ƣ˵˵
ȵѽ


32

, ˵ġ
˭
һλúƯĹ
ϫ
ǹ, ĺø絽˶ٵһˣ
ϫΪֻϪĴ˵ǵһȻһȴǰλ
ϹӡżǲزסĿġ
ϫԭ˵, ЩĲˡ
ͷʾ⣺߹
ﾪϲ֪˭ϴûк˵
ϫĸŮٮٮ, Ȼ̨վһҲ΢߳١
˵ˡ
ЦϹ, ˵, ֵ, Ϳˡ
ϫǵġ
ţȥյľƹݵһ, ԺֱȥͿˡ
һô˵˵ӣϫ֪ǲܵģϪδ, ܲһֱӱ˼ҡ
ϫ, ʱһȥġ
Ů뿪ӯȸԾԿ࿪ġ
һ˴չ˫ֱüײϫģȤϴ˿㡣
ϫһۣл佱
ʱ䣬ϫϳСеľƹȥ
Ҫ, ϪǼҾƹ˵ʱƻؼһȱһͨż˵յľƹݣ뵽ǼӦǱˡ
ʵ֤ǶԵġ
ϫʱ, ھƹ⿴Ϥס
ŵŮ
Էϫĵͷʾȥ
ϫ̧̨̤ס
ϴˣ
Ȼ˻
ϫµĶʹ˶סջزͷȥ
Ǹ긾Ů
ϫü𣿡
ִϹЦݣϴǺʱİҶ֪ء
ϫɻ󣺡һֱܳǰ̸λ
ִζЦЦ֪֪ˣֻҺôûͷ˻Ǻ˵
ϫͷԣǣô
ִﳤſڣ˵ЩʲôƹһŮ߳ϴˣҼСˡ
ϫͷӦ֪ˣ
ִϵ΢Ӳϴʱ̸𣿡
ϫĬĬҲûʲôģҲֻλȱưˡ
ȾƣִϵЦɢȥ١
û˵Ҳ֪Ůģȥ˰ɡһ£һˡ
ִվԭز֪룬üͷԽòԾϴǲװ̫ˣ
ͷĿƹݵķ˼ۡ
СܹҪ𣿽ϺõľŻŶ
ִæҡҡͷˡ
Сһ˦ϵĲûǮʲô
ϫŮ쵽¥ϵ᷿ڡ
£ѾһߣչһЦˡ
ϫ°ڣ棺Ǹ±ˡ
ֽ̧ѾõľƵݸӷæ⡣
ϫһֲ̧˲߶ľҺ߹ҽʵлҪ˵
żһ㶣ͣеĶ˫ϥǰ˫Ц
ϫ˵ǣ´θ߹ﻹǲҪˡ
һ䣬ü壺ΪΣúõعӺιҪ㣿
ϫֵм治̫ˡ
 Ц۾ȴûйЦ⣺ҵ˼Ĳװأ
ϫͷۡ
׿˵΢̧°ͣϵӣҺԼϲ˼ʲô׵ģ
ϫ
ŽŵοҸ£û˸ڱҽ
ϫлĺ񰮣ֻϵ񣬲޴⡣
ɫһ䣺ʲô˼
ϫŹ֪Ǻ⡣
ҸɣҧҧòܳҲģȴң
ϫ̾:ˣǿϡԹĲò̸ϣӦǹ￴ҲŶԡ
źܿӵӲǫ飬㳤Ǻܺÿ˶٣ֵΪԱܾǴɲأ㲻ÿҲϲġ
ϫǹֻϲҵˣ
Ҳô˵źܻ빫Ҳʶˣ˵ϲǷ̫٣˲Ϊһò
ֵֻпл໥˽ϲŻһ㣬˵Ҳǣ
ϫ뷴ȴ˵ĺǶԵġ۶ԲԣϪ񣬻˵ǸӣǻԽȥ
ϫŮ
ϫԹԵֵһƺһڣƼĶΪǱԼ˵ˣһϲ
ûüһ˲ϫ𣺡ʵҾܾʵΪ֮
üһʱֲõԤУ˻
ϫ˳ǣޱ飬Լ¶ĸԡ
£ߵŮɫ΢š
⣬̧ʾŮ
Ůʱ᷿ŹصĽ
ŵ¹Էˡ
ϫ΢΢ѹʵ²ǲԸϲϲ˹
˶٣ΪǸ䡣
һ䣬ϫĿڸŵϣãȻ𾪣ٵŵɫ仯
⻹Ϊϲˣû취ϲ֪ܵõĺµңֻǿµùϲˡ
ڳƬ̣ʱʱƿ̸ЦϫŽţһãϵĿ⣬ֱо彩ӲʱջӵĿ⡣
ϫһȴ̧洽۵һЦ
ϹӣƭҲҸŷɣαҸƭҡ

ոնԼôõóľ𰸣ԭΪԼѾ޷ء
ϫ˿³߹ҲղҲգ֮ѾԵɸ֪ˣʣµľͿԼˣ»£һˡ
վסһϫǰ
ϫۣαء
ŷ˷䣺ϹӣΪ飬ۼΪʵҵʵ֤ҿ
֤ϫü
ţԣ˵ϲˣϲ˭ȥϲҿ
ϫǳ£ϲҲ֤ģ
Ȼ˵һϲ߲ϲ¶ܿ𣿡
ϫұͲƱ֤أ
Цһɫ˸Ų⣺Ǿƭҡ

ΪʲôҪΪϪµԵ
ӭЦĿ⣬ϫսãҸ㡣
ϫϲӣƩ硭ģ֪ġ
£Цܡ
ɫдһ˿ƶʲôܳǻв֪ıЩòΣϸ֦Ĺˡ
԰ϫĿ棺˵ϲӣû˵ϲҡ
㣡ŵʱɫͨ졣


33

Ϲ, ˵, ұĻҾɵˡЦ
ϫƬ̣Ȼ˵㻹ǲû취ˡ
ҲܣҪ֤ҿʲô, ô֤, ЩԼˡ
Լһ׵, ǻԼıܾ, ۷˶ٹԷΪô϶ǲټȥˡƫƫϪһ˵ȥ˭ŵĻѻ, Ū
ôúŪ

ϫȥʱҶѾڸǰƬ, ۼæӭȥӽղ˵𣿡
ϫ͸߹̸˵£Щʱ䡣
Ҷ£ϴǸеλ𣿡
, 
ϫ̫̾ˡ
Ҷ룺ЪЪ, ȱ̫ˣﰾӺȵȥȥưɡ
ҶϾϫôˣϲŭһ۾ܿġԼСܲģܿգƽﱾޱ˿̸ӵȻ
ʵҶҲףΪʲôСװɹӵģûϳ, ϸϸһܺܿ
Ȼöò񣬵Ըֻƽ˵ʽĿ鶼ȫȻͬġС͹ӵԸȻ෴˵ӵԸӦСǣС㲻ЦԸӦûӲŶԡ˳˳ûһ˿˿, Ȼû˲ĳ
ϫͷϡ
ҶЦС鲽ĸϫߡ
ˡ
ϫһ٣΢΢ͷ
Ժ֮ϣչϣòڡ
Ҷ״ȥĳ
ϫ߹ȥ֪ң
ͺҶʱҶû˵ϰ䣬ŲӯҾҲΧԺﻹʱе͵͵Ĳô֪ģ
ƽϵּһ𡣾̫ȫɽһʱ䣬ʱߵķۺϼ⴩ҶïܣһӰϣƴ˿΢΢һۣŹеһ˿ȣεˡ
һзƽ˾ϫʱò̾һ۴ƷΣòһһģÿĺÿ
Լǰĵһӡǡ棬
רʳ˻ǵ֡
Ʋ֪ʱѾߵǰеǰ˻Σͻӣ
ϫü
ͣ˶ЦŰʲôרע
ϫѾȥˣЦ滢Ƥô˵áȻǵʱӦˣһôƺôƺһ˵Լˣٵ´Σһ
ϫգովȻǴʧߡ
ǧ֪ˣδ棿
ϫһȻĶ෭ϻǱסģźȻŵ£˵ʲôû
Ƶ˵Ҷľȥſڵˣһ󼱴ԽԽԶĽŲٹƬỺӯĽŲǰ֮²ǰˡ
ϫͷ̧Ʒŵοȥ˫Ժ˫૵ǹ۲΢˼ϸ塣
һЦı
Ҳ֪˶ãмҶ˹̫̹ȣ˭ûٿ˵
ĵģżҲûһ˿
أһ̾
ǿߣƺܿա
ϫ۾΢΢ͷҲˡ
Ц
Ϊлĺ⣬ұһԼúܻɡ˶٣˵˵ϲӡ
ƣţ
ϫ˵ʱҲһʱ鼱ûϸǣ֤ܲȥϲӰɡ
ȻϲûдŵϪݣǰŪɸ˾֪ţ
ƵǻףȥҸһϷˣʡա
ϫ㶣˵Ҳǣǡ
ţüʲô
ϫĸԸϷⲻԻ𣿡
ȣƺҲΪ˼ģ
ϫĬĬ°ͣĿһԵϣ˼
Ʋüһ
ϫ˳ǣԼȥͰסһ㣺ӡ
һ٣üۼЦһ˿Σȴδ˵ʲôЦ
ϫվǰգգ۾룬øոӵǳһãλ԰һϷҲܲ
Σﲻ
ϫϷ룬Ȼ漰Ժ⡣Ͳһˣ֪ӵԭͣţôһһҲνġ
ƣ̫ˡ
ϫЦЦԡǴӦˣ
΢΢üۣĿ֮ü䣬ƽʱЦϲģһЦֻһЦҲʮֵĺÿ
ưҡҡͷ˵ÿԼֺγǣ
ϫգգۣ۲һķɫϼ⣬ţ
βϵڴ
ƵͷЦţ˵ǰ㣬òȥȻ԰ﰢæкβɡ
ϫ˷ܣִ̧˸ָʵҲÿȥǰƣֻҵʱæɡ
üۼЦš
ҶվڹսǴݺõղ裬ǰӶЦݿεŮһʱ
أǱòӻǣС䡣һֱСֻǲԸŮһ磬ƫأȻҲסòƣС㣬պҪҸķǡ
ӺСվһǾôܽȥ
ֻϧ
Ҷҡҡͷ˰ɣӻǲҪСˡ

ϫΪƣŶӦǲưոݣû뵽ûټһ棬֮ҡ
ɻδҶñĲΪһ죬Ҫȳкܶࡣ⼸ȻûţʱѲǰʱܻżߵŮ
ʱҹȥʱܸоһ˫۾ڶ
ЩҲûʲôӣƽǴűȽ϶࣬ѲҲûѲ߸ʲôܳǷƽ˾ģûʲôˣ˭Ҫ
ϫֻһ˴𰸡
գϫֱֵͷһһ¹İϣò뿪ʱرһײϫ΢۵ļšüһҴȥӰǼʲôȥ
һԵҡҡͷ˭֪أźöˣҲ˵Ƶġ
ϫҪߣĴ£û˲Ŵսߣѹ֪֪˺ͷ⼸վҪ½ͷλõѡˡ
֪˵˵ˡ
һ㶼ţ
ʲôϫͷβûҪλõԸðɡ
˵Щʲô뻹ǵ֧ͣ㣬һ̫ĸˣ
ϫ˳ǣޱ飺ֻҪң˭֧֡

ȥʱϫ⼸վżĴѿֻǸ̾ŶãѲ˾һֱϫҡҡͷװûģٻкװûʱ˳
Ϲӡ
ϫ˱ۣ԰߹
΢΢һЦòӱ
ϫҲǡ
ţӽ磬֪ʱһȱ裿
˴˶ӣôһѾв˽ĿͶˣϫ΢һ˼롣
ϫڸҪ̧Ͻ߽ȥ´ر¡
ϫͷһ㶣ѿҲע⵽ߵͻС㡣
ŲĿһۣתҲƣ
ﻹϫ´Ҳûɿ˼΢΢Цҵ˭أԭǸ߹
üڴˣ
ƽĿϫƤ΢΢㲻˵ջ𣿡
ϫüգգ۾
ᡰ۾ôˣɳ𣿿ҿ
˵ţֱӴϫһҪƿ˫һգգĩգۡ
ʱջû£ǺȻ۾Щɡ
űһҧλϵǲһҪðǺǡ
ϫ̧ƮƮһֳۣԼ´ɿת˳
˿ȻҲڣǲһȥȱɡ
΢΢һЦͷ⡣
ϫں棬ͷ̾һȥ
Ǽʶģô˸Ͳأ
Ϫĳʲôõģ
Ϫö˳üΪȻΪϪٸΪӢЩΥͣΪ˼˿ͣǾһвŮŮĳ࣬ʱԼһ
ôϲ
лҪ˵ҡǰʱԪȽæȻΪվҡϸһʱԺ󲻻ˣģԺ˫Ұ

34

Ҳݲ, ﲢû᷿, һ磬Ҳ㹻ˡ
һǰһϫΣ, ðŰĲ豭ϡ
Ƶһ, ʰ豭ڱǼ᣺, ò衣
ϫƳһۡ
Ƴü, һ΢΢, ޷顣
ϫĽо˲üĿ, ֪ܣ
ŷеĲ豭Դ󣬷ǵĴѿһ
Сǰװ
ŵ, òҲϲɣ
ü, ˭
ָϫ˵ϲ㣬òҲϲɣ
ϱղŵĲˮʪˮ⣺ϲ
ʲôžһֱƣڶҰɣ
ƣΪҪ㣿
ҡҡͷԣһǴͨõ, ˻ȥԲԣҪƭˡ
ϫҧҧָ̧Ƶ, ߹ϴ˵Ķʵ
ƽ˽ЦּһתסġʲôҲû˵ֻ˫һۺ۾
ϫסһײ˫һʱ԰ΰ֪١
֪װģ̫ˡ
֪࣬ҲΪĺϲ
ģһ˿αװô
ء
սӵƣۡ
ŭƣһ˫۾ͨ컹ӯӯ棺ƣģŮӻ㶼Ź㵽ʲô
ϫüԼ֣սȭͷࣺ˵ʲô
Ц˵ʲôͲˡó֮ӣôѰ֣Ԭ̸е
ϫޱ飬Ż棺ò޹أҲ˵㡣˵ˣˣô񶾣ҵĽ
ŵĴ꼸㣬˵ʲô
ϫЦ㿴ô˵ͺˣǰղŵĻԭⲻĻֻ
˶٣Ҷʲôͺˡϣ侲һ£ҪΪһʱԼϲӡ
У˵ģʲôǰɣУҳȫ㣡
˵ţת̽Ȳϫһ䣬ٵľӭ»Ǳܿ
š
ϫ˼һ٣ͷ
Ƶ߹ҿ㸸׵ķϲŲƽϣ㲻Ҫôߡ
ţ˵ʲô
΢΢ǰһǡþ͵ϫǰȻ֪ǳ֮ӣŵĻңҲµĸףܳǵĳ
˶٣Цһģ֪ٲãҲǳ֮ӣֲ˵ģҸںεأţ
㣬㣡ѽǺ۸һǰɣŽ͵ˤϡ
˿ѾвٵĿ˸ֵˣиOO@@ֹ
ϹҲסݺݵĶ˶ţǸҵţ
ŴŴѿ뿪ƻͷޱϫͳϣЦȥѡ
ɫȻ谵ߵϤӣϫ˿˽Ų
Ǹ
ƵָתתȥǲǾýˣ
šͷ
һЦʵ㲻طϣΪҲûзϡ
ϫͣŤͷֱ۾㲻⣿
ôܣЩͣ˶˵Ļһ⣿
Ƶͷüۼһ˿εǳЦģ㶯Щұ˵ȥˣǰ˺󻹱˵𣿼仰ѣ⡣
ջĿ⣬ͷЦ
Ǻã˵Ϊ˱㣬һµɡ
üֺ£
ϫ
ƣ´ֺ¼ҡ
ϫ
ƣлл
ϫţ
ƣΪ˵
Ŷ˵飬Ҳһʱѡ
ϫٶһۡ
Цüȥ鲻ⷽŵ״һ㡣
ͬʱ߾ã߸ǱȴƷ졣
æסĴѿС㾿ô£Ļ˭ˣ
ѿһ߻߶µĽ⼸췢˵
Сͷϣ˭ĻҲȥ
дŭС˭
ѿһλϵĹӣﵱ
ȵȣ룬˵ϣƹϵһ㣿
ѿͷСȥλӸϵʱˣ̸ҲǺӡ
üơϡ
ˣǰãȥʱ˵ƻһĻӣûֳʲô۶ӣֻǺһλϵĹཻסҡ
ųϻӯӯ飬ѿ˵˰ɣҪΪ
ǵȻҸҵŮݱ裬ŮͷģȹӵһѵЩˡ
ŵʱˣΪҪӰ
ҽһߣѹЩӻ߶˼ţЩʡĵģҪע£Ụ̊ȹʱ䣬һ
ţǣ
ˣ¾ôˣ顣Ȼƽʱط۰Ů漰˵棬ǵľͱȽ϶ˡƩѣǱ߽ڱøܶĿţһн͵£ģҪġ
ǻԼԼ
ѿС߹С㡭ôѽ
ʲôô죡ŭӣûҵոô˵£
ѿŶ

ִڴշת࣬þòߡ
ǰдŸҪϴΡԴϴȥϴ֮żȻϴ˶ˣҲӦ˲ǣôҲһüȥ뿴ǲǺϪһȴÿƺûδζϪһˡ
ִǱˣǵҸȥ
ϫҲշת޷ߣԴһԾƬ̿ҹҲã֪һ㱻һ
ϫ¹ϸӰһüôڴˣ
λӸȻܣѾƬϣ»
ԣͷҲ˯𣿡
ϫû߹ȥһֳֻͷһ޼ʵĺɫǿգʣҹķЩ
䴽ǣѹܿҪˡ
˵֣ôģ
һ￴ȥģһƾܰı⣬ݶͣһɸߣϰ֮˵Ȼ׾٣һԾһȵ¡Ͳ̫ˡ
ָָҲֿࣺиݡ
Ŷˡ
òԶĺƽнࡣϫŤͷȥȴΪҹɫŨظϲû˯šԼ˯˰ɡ
ģ
ϫԥҪҪѻطȥ˯һ˲ʶľʲô
Լǲת䣬Цʣô
ϫգûе㾪ȡ
أʡ
ͻȻµƬΪĶһO@СŲŲ£ͷĿŵش
ϫʱڣüٳʲô
Ʋ֪ЩʲôĿͣϰΣĩ˵˵ͷšû
ϫ΢գһү첲ϵ⣬ѹЩҧгݣҴա
ʮסʹһֹ˼ݶһСĹȥɾˣҲѣһģ˴ˣ˵˵˵ֺòãŪҺʹ
ϫֻССĽѵһ£칷ǽˣ
Լʹˣһŷűϫĵطۿо˿˿΢졣˳ñͺÿίͰ͵ϫһ˿
ǲ̫ˣ
˱ϾǸүϸƤģҲǷˡ
һϫԼһƣָ뷨
ȥʱ۽ǵЦҲﲻסзһ˿˿ӣȥڰԵɹϷˣ
һɹŽȥЩŭֵһȣүϾõ߻Թɫɫ飬ģһ밢ÿذҲǲѶõġ
ϫЦǿҪүʧˣ˵òүȷʵԶǱ˰ɡ
ҡҡʳָŴɷ£ŵġ
ϫۣʲô˼
бսʵɫ¹ԴϸĶĲͺܺÿ˿֪
ϫһµһÿҹȻ۾Ϲǲǣ
㶣һ˲ãȻѹŷǣǫ飺ǲһµһÿþãǺÿ
ϫôٶҲӦˣţո˵ʲô
ڵŤͷȴǾΣӯһԾ£Եһסĸ첲
ϫƵص˹ȥ
Ц⽥˲ˣҲ˵ˡ
ֱվͬվһĿǿԶǿգޱ޼ʡ
˵Ѿã㲻𣿡
ǣǻʰԼ̯ӣȴϪ
ñô
գգۣīЦһǵҲŶ
ϫܾãȻ֪꣬뵽ʲô
ˣȥЪϢɡ
ָָǱߵӣȰɣȥ
ͷٶԣһԾ£°մȾĻҳתԼķ䡣
ϫߺڴƬ̵ļžݶϹιһ硣
ӡ
Ʋδۣˡ
ǡ˵ӽкδ㣿
ĵ̧ۣô


35

ת˲֮, һ¹ȥ
ϫվɹ², ûһëƤС»֮ǰһһץһѡ
ѲŵϫڲԶ㿴ɫŵִϫ˶֮С
ִ֮, ִֿʼǰεʻϹ, ʵҰ, 㿴ֲǲͬ, ƫҪ
ϫ³һ, ʲô˼˵ͬһĻ᲻, οͲʲôʮĵˡ
ϫ㲻ҪʵҾʵ˵Ҹ˭һ𶼲Ůһ, ϲ˭ҶϲŮҺŮ˵ĻʮָĹ, 㵽ŮҴˡŮʧˣȥűʱŻѰ˵ġ
˵ĿɲʮʮʵôǸŮңȡôܻϲŮ
һϯִ꣬üͷѾȫȻһ𣺡ʲô˼, ʲôϲ˭ϲ֮ǰģ
ϫãû˵ʣµŲšŻ£һ
ϫӯ, סȻҲû취סִһץٲȻץһѿתۼѾ֮Զ׷׷ˣһʱ޴ֻԭ۾ţż·Ƽģֻò
Դڽϫ˵һϯ󣬺ִڲ˵һЩûͷûβĪĻ
ڵ˼Уֵҹȥһմ齱Ǵ˯ڵء
ⴲմˣ˯찵ص뷨ȴʵ
֪˯˶ã㱻ѡϫͷѵ𴲣۴ɫîʱ
ǺҶֻɫԼһ㣬ԴãȻ
ӣŵҡ
ϫ㶣Ϸš
ֻڵһۣϫæǰˣˡ
ϫɫҴңɣôˣ
۰ڰ֣һ˵ǸϿһŰɣǶˡ
ϫҲ³¹شҶкͬһˡ
ʱܳǵڣֻſΪֵԱŵյƣȴﵽһƻͨ
ϫʣµļʱȥ٣ȵżȥ룬ͷһȥԺڼǾʬ֮󣬶ʱʮˡ
ͷԱŮ귽ʮǡ౻ڡ
ϫʬƤֳǰĺɫؿǴյһȭͷĶڡ
һꡣ
ͷŵС𣬼סŲԶĶǱߣĸ˫ֻһλΪ˼ͣԼҵŮʱҲ֪Ҳ١֪ôֵ𣿡
һĬ
ͷǽ翳ũֵģʱʬ˿ڴѾϿɣ˵ű˰ʬͱڡɽ·롣
֪ȫΪʲô𣿡
һ˴𣺡ҵ֣֮Է
һͷü£ʬҵһֽ̣ӵһʧٰҲǲ͵Ĺң˵ȥ˼棬ϱû˼ȥ˼Ѱȴ֪Ѿؼˣһ·Ѱδżű˶ⲻɺϣΪд˰Ǽ̳ˡŹÿһ䣬ҵʧٵˣǾɥĲɱܳǻ˼䡣
ͷһϪӣһһڳѰϫһڳڵɽѡ
ʧ˵Ļһһš
ϫ˫Ҿǣ
һϫζҲǡ
Ϊļǰıһ˱ּ·ϫǰϵķȴû뵽ǡͬǰϵһֻͬһϫѰΧҪЩҪּСɽҰжܷŹ
ϫΪûôҵʵȻ·ϵһСŵвѰζһŨҵѪζɽ磬һԵĳǻڣŻ
뻭һŮҵˣֻǺͷĲֱһ㣬Ҳһ߱ڵʬ塣
ϫѪܵؿڣ۾һۣæƿߣ°ڵһ鲼ʬؿϡ
ҵˣȴǾʬ塣
ⰸӿ̲ݻ뾡Ĳ鵽֣ȥ
ͷסͬʻϫСϣȻȥЪϢɣϢٹһͬ鰸Ҳ١
ϫҲƴǣȷʵ۾ˣʱֻǿдžͶ뵽ȥӱϾЩٶ۵ģЩǶ뵽ˣЩãȻ˼Ƭ̲Ȼ
ȥʱ賿ʱ֣ȵǺҶȻҲû˯վڴŵƣȥѾֹһʱˡ
ϫҲĺȦʣôȥ˯
Ҷӭɻˡ
ϫüôˣ
Ҷ˵﷢ˣĹӡ
ϫ⣺ʲô
˶ֵˣȻ㶼֪ˣǧһȥ̫Զĵطֻڳ˶ĵط
ū֪Ҷ˳ĵͷȴǵǵǡҲҪСİ
û£ӣ¡ϫһѵ
Ҷ̾һ˹ӣм𣿡
ϫʵ̲ס˸Ƿҡҡͷ
Ҷ¶ɬ۽ǣʵôˣڸ𣿡
ҶڣҲȻңڣ䶼ǻѽūնûˡ
ϫ룺ĸ˶ס᲻û˰ɡ
Ҷסã绨ѩ¹ˣūҲûѽ
ϫֵǿǻؼˡ
ҶҲԾⶼˣôһк򡣡
ϫ㲻ǻ˼ҷ˲á
Ҷʱɴ۾ô˵أͦõġ
ϫ
ѽҶ֪뵽ʲôһӸòǳ˰ɣ
⻰һϫδüӣҶǾģ⼸ӸòᣬòҲʲô˰ɣ
ϫԶԣֱҪۣҲǸӣô׾ʹͽˡĿǰĶŮӣ˵ŮӶƫƧĵô˵֣˵ھ¥ңڣֵĻ᣿
ǡ
ȵȣǡԬӨǲɡ
ӦǲµģóĶӺοҲĸôԸܲΣɣοСӺúõػͣػԱеġ
ôңڴҡ
Ҷǰ˻Σӣ
ţ񣺡ûµı̫࣬ȥЪϢɡ
ҶŶðɡ
ϫԼķѾ˵¶ûһ糾ɵڴϣʱ·ǰ㣬۾Ҫ˯
ŮķûйװΣͨСζûУһ۱ܽ۵ףʵ̫򵥡
Ƶһμʱʵ˸̾סĲ÷ɣ
ⶼǰˡ
Ƭֻ̹װŮ۾ԲĴתת
ϵ䵶䣬СϰõṦںҹз߱ڡ
ҹԺģǰһźӰƮŵһ£ϸһȴʲôҲûС
ϫûǾòģ޸֮һֱܱƵοԼӦ˱ȫʳԶʡ
ҲգͿһ                        
лҪ˵
ps˵Ƕǿ˵ҲΪɣң

36

ϫṦʵ̫, Ϫͬ, ϪṦڵϸ衣ͨϪ򲻹ܣκ׷ϡ
ڸֲܳṦѾ´ˡ
ܳǱϾֻǸСǶ, ôĺ, Ȼڳиܿܿ, ϫ׾پͽ˳
ССͥԺûʵҲСС, 桭Ǯ
ϫҲû̫, ڷϾӰ, Χ˺üȦҲûƵˡѰһǼһǸû˵Ѿ˯ˣ
ҲŶⶼ, ƽ˶˯ˡ
ĥ˻, ϫ㻹ǻȥѣǼһҲʲô£Ҳˡ
뿪ȴһ٣˻ȥŲһ߿飬¶ССһ϶
ˡ
ԬӨת, 鶼𣿡
Ǻ˵ͷѾð׵ˣ͵Ϲˡ
ԬӨ˳ǣܺãС, ԭֻҪ۾ͷһСƫƫǰǸһ㣬Լ͹ֲˡ
ЦǲмѾˣٶЩʱա
ԬӨҲЦͷСΪĸȻҪΪԼĺ㡣
ϫƬλżһ㣬ṦʱǰϢ뿪ˡ
ṦӯʮֺķѾϫձϢãոʲô˵ĴϢԼעܹһСĴӷˤɲġ˳㲽лȥ
ֻżŸһأáءһ׹ϫһ㶣Ťͷȥȴǡ̧ͷ˶Ŀ⡣
ô㣡
ô㣡


ݵһĬƷǽһȳһյ߹죬һ¡
ϫӦǰ֪˼˹ֱӽֻ첲ϣϵȫѹϫһƺߣôôأ
Ʒôôݣ
ϫ
ϫ̵ǰߣҹķǽ
ȴЦһҹҼ͵ǽǸ
ϫķ˸ۣؼҲ˵ҶΪˡ
ǴյüżŵϫϵζƲɸ̣ʲôζ˯
ϫ첲˴š
ƵҾǻؼøȻͷ˳ˣһ١
¶ɻ󣬲ȷЦЦ͵û취Ҳ˵ĺܣⲻڼòܶ˾͵ˡ
ϫǳ˳飬Ŀתת㡭û°ɣ
գգۣЦЦ𣿡
⻰һЩˣҲ֪ôܰһС죬˼ôվǸӣǲҪ˵ĺá
ϫ֪Щƣ뻹ǽ쵱Ͼʱ¾
˼°ͣҡҡͷЦˡ
ϫü㲻𣿡
գգۣȻ°˭ˡ
Ȼôһ㷴ӦҲûУӷƽһ¡ոտǿķӦ˫ֵһۣ˿˿־嶼ûС
һڵģͲһѴˣⲻǻа㱣
ϫ
û취ƼģסҲգȫȡӡ
ϫˣ⼸նͦæģзӦ˵ˣ⼸޲ͷö²Ǻʱ䡭
ͷչҿԸ㡣
ϫĿĴҰ참ʲô
ƲҾסҲ˵ʲôġ
ϫüһЦŶôɴסȥҼ
ȣֿʼƤЦǵģ˴ţ𣿡
ϫúƶȥɣҪԸǾ͸ŰɣʱұԹ۾С

ϫʲô
̾һ֮ﰡ
֮𣿺ҲǣܳǶ

ˣҪ١
£
Ůˡ
ϫò״˸ҩƵѰ󱣻뿪ȥٺͷİ飬ǡɾһĻ
ϸı£ǰվſڵĵȷִ
ִ߽֮Ѿ˴˽ȥϫһֵصģλΪ£
ֵص٣˵Ůˡ
ϫ㶣ֵص̾췢£ҹưʮа˾Ҳ׶༪ˡ
ϫûдǻĴָʶ䵶Ħ£ֱ˽ȥ̤ȥӭɫҴҵһϫһ˲ȵȡ
ϫͶɻĿ⡣
һ㡣
ϫŶ
ʵϫҲԤˣǰЩִһֱ˵ԼŮ˼ҲԵ޹ʱһ˵ǣŮҲĲˣֻмʲôᣬִΪйء
Ҫ˵ġ
µҲˣ
ϫһִ߽仰ڳȥִֻͷͼ¼ڡ
ִڵذϣŵĶͷһۣɫζ
˵
ִ¶˾İ㣬ճȭ˵ҼΪϴ˳ȥŲӰģ˶ҪϴҪˣû뵽λϴ˾ȻһڷϸŮ˵ûŮ⣬ҲϲҼ
ִ˵ţļứ˭һŮʧĸ׶ġ
ִһϯ˵꣬һԸ¼˿ϫĿѾʮֵĲˡ
ûпڣֻǳͷһۡͷᣬһǰһϪִ˵Ļʵ
ϫɫ糣صͷʵ
ͷһ˲Ȼû뵽õľȻش
ϫȴֽŵһ仰ʵȷʵ˵Ƕʱ䲻ֹҲϲֹ
һ䣬ͷһϫСӣ˵һ˵ȫ𣿾ĥˡ
ͷǶ˽һ£ˡ
ǡϫǰˣҲ֪оʲôᣬ֪ĺִ֪ȫȻͬ
Ӧ˵˵
ϫļ̸ݾ˵˳ ʱҾ;Щԣʱֹһ˵һЩĻ
ִǵʱ˵ľ㰡ҼʲôǱġ
ϫ˶٣˵ֹȥʱܣһ˶Ϊ֤
һ˵ִҲͿˣô°ȷʵ˵û
ϫ£ûбǴ˵˵ģ
ϫ⻰һִһ㶣
ͷüַˣ޾ϸĸ֪ǣܰҵŮ
ִڻǽ֮ǰҹ롰ϪĻ˵˳
һϯ˵ϫ˸ף˫ûбԵ£ô˼ٽ̸˵
ֻǡҪȻһ㻳ҲûУ
ʵ֤Լİ취Ůݣһ˵ЩŬͰ׷ˣʱԼ͸׻ҪǶ϶ϲɵġʱգʧѾһʱˣҪҲˡ
ͷҲ뵽ˣȻȥǻȥңģһҵΪֹ
ִҲӣ֪Լû֤ݣƾһָ֤Ҳ޷ŷֻ󾡿ҵˣû¾ͺá˾ţҲܲȥˡ
ֻʣͷϫˣͷϾǣ㣬ѲͲˣ㻹Ȳɱֵ£˵һɡ
ϫǡ
һʱ֮䣬ŶˣԭĻ̵̻ܳǽӶַ˼Ůʧٵİǰٵһһ࣬ΪˣתǱ߶֧˲ưų˺ͷе鶼һš黨Ƶ޲ߡ
գͷҹıȥϢ
ԼǶϵɥǺҶƣЩʱնʶûϫȥڴãշתȴ˯ˡ˫תñ㳤˿ٴ嵶˷š
ɫԵòҰ׵⧲ĳǰϫŵ඼ֹͣ˲סҪ۵ĳ嶯ҷǰʲô
һԼһû£Ǻþûͬ˵˵ˣ
ʮֺţóһƣ
ƼĶҪ𣿡
еңȥߡ
Ƶһɡ
Ŷϫһ̧ۣߣ㡣 


37

ҹܳǲͬڰ, ܰ, ԵЩ
Ƹһ֮ңؽŲǰһǣס䣺ҹ, ˵ġ
ϫ
ûлӿ, Ϊá

ü, ʮֲһ̾
ϫˡ
ɿ, , ȴһƵ
ϫɨһۣ㲻𣿡
ƵЦһһŵ, û֪ԼʲôҲ֪ʣʣ¶ʱա
ǲһϫ˵ͷԭ״, ԭԺúóɻӵĹ, ȴģЩǵĹɣ
΢У͵͵Цǳ
ϫδ̧ͷɻľǰԼ̫ΰ, ͬΪˣҲ
૵Ǿú
Ĳ⼸֮жš
ϫз
ƴҡҡͷ˵⼸ûŮʧˡ
ͷ, ³ô£˭ҳأ
ûٷΪǵľߣŲƽ˰ӽ֮ԷһƬЩʧٵŮҲûбҵδ˭İ
ƻλȣڵǸģҾ϶ģҪġ
ϫüʲô˼
ЦЦ˼ǣһ̬֣һ˱̬ȤȻ˿ʼԱһʱû취Ȥôܸأ
ϫ㶣ô˵û˵Ϊǿ
ͷοϸװ㿴ǴȻһͨ
ϫӻֵô򵥵ĵ˭ֻܲ˵취ҺϴҲ뵽ͱˡ
Լġ
ϫĺĸԸգ
Ʋϣͬĵͷһ书ģһͽ߳ҪͬھؼʱԱ
ϫ̾ǰҰ
ҡͷԣµ뵽һ
ϫ£˭
ϫ
ϫʶľ롰šһӦٷһҺüʱӦ˹ֻɾȵĵԲ顣
գգۺ޹ôȰɣòǻ书𣿡
ϫ侲ҧҧǺǺǣҲ֪أͨѽ
΢΢һЦϵײͬ񽻴ô
ҲǣǺʹİϼҵļҵ׶˸׶졣
Ƶ˵ϼöСϴ˵Ѭգһ书˵á
ᵽϫѵչüͷ⻰˵ĵǲ١
ƽķӦս۵ףתת˵밢ĹԶϾǵĽ̻壬аõĸ໤Ʋ⣬ǲѡ

ϫСɰתڣһ˲֮¡
ƲɻԼƨˣ
ϫҲƽϣֻϪСұԼҲ١
ԶھǵϪ֪ԼĪͱ˸
ϫӦҲ֪븸ա
ƵͷֹҲסôˡ
һﵹе֪֮ϫĵ
˵˵Щиƨã
ɨһۣԽð֮˵ҲԽ˼ˡ
ϫĹܵô࣬ͲǸĵˣҪϼʯҲͶеģϪ񶼱ȲϵģΪҪϪͬƻ˵ûүĥˡ
Ϥ˶֪Ӳ
ƽŵʵһֱãһӲͬСŮز˻ɡ
ϫ
ֹƼæֻһᣬȷʵĲףõӺɷô԰Ůء
䣬Ĺ۲û̫ķӦ˿
ϫֻǾеף֣Ůˣ˵ʲôŮˣʱоԼˡͬʱ־úЦüң˵ŮӣҾүҲͦء
㶣ЦƯҲϣҲ书ѽһʱ˼ҪȡСܼʱ𣿡
һ㶼ǫԿ䣬Ҳ˿ö˵ĲԼʵ
ϫ̾һȥϴһ¡
˵Ҳʱ뷨ִܲУÿǡңе㵣ģĿԣһ¶ԼŮ飬ƭټҵǲʲô½ϡ
ҲգЩǺˣץֲҪġ
ȥɡƵ
£ϫѹס
üѯʣϫٿסͣǿнεĽȥ
˶䣬Χ϶ཫ΢¹ⶼȥֲָ
ŵľ룬ѭϫĿ⿴ȥ
ֻһοϱһѳͷ߹
ߵԶӰУϵǰѳͷӯӯ¹·ŲҰ׵ĹâƿžЩˡ
ѾԶϫ˳
ϲ䵽Ļҳ˼֣
ϫͷϵǰѳͷȥ¡
ƺͬҲĥġ
ϫֵôȥأ
Ҳ£˶٣һתʱܳǲʱĴôȥ
ϫתͷȻȥҸȥ
ȴĽŲϫü
գգۣôһ˻ȥ𣿡
̾ԼСġ
үޱȹ˳ĵͷ
ϫṦְֿȫֻҪǲǹ˼Ǹһòٶϣ׳ߵҲ졣
ԽԽԶѾкóһξ룬ϫе֣ҹôƫƧĵطʲô
ǸŸžͽïܵĵطҲ֮ߣ֦Ҷïʢǵ΢¹ⱻڸס˿·
ϫעǰϣطһƺ
һ㶣סͷȥ
ϡܿүСһ¡
ȻôССҲ飬ϫתѾˡ
ˡ
ȻҲˣ¶Ρ
ϫδȴҲûʹ۷ȥǰ̽·
Ƽ˶ˣҲ벻ô࣬ӿ˲ȵң
ǰ·ͻȻӲݴѹѹҹﲻ֪ʱһķ磬ͷҶɳɳ죬µӲҲʱʱĹвǡ
ϫô⽿ү¶࣬ˡ
ʱһӾ
ٻţô¶ɹͣϫͷһ̽
һ٣Ƴû׷
ߵĺúõأС鲽ǰܣһޱƹϫѵõ˸İۣתĹѾĳֽŲõĲס
ĵվȽŸս䵶Լ嶯
ȴԣɪɪ㣬ܾй
ҧûסٲȥɹ»Ұ
ƺܻɫԴĴϻŶ
ϫ³תȥĳ˹˴ǣааһЦ
һȥϫҲָܸˣйƵĿ˺ǰΣȥɡ
ƸϣԴߣйҲûõģӦǸͨ񹤡
Ƶ䲻ϰ䣬ȴ֪ϰ֮·ǱһӯģҼ˲صĺܣôҲûвңزʲôˡ
ţ֪ˡϫҲ뵽ˣ̫ˡ
ߺ׳ڿһôµؿͳһɰСӽȥá
ٺ٣϶֪ҰǮˡ


38

˵İ취, ϫ˼ڻǸͷ, ԭΪͷûԷ񶨣û뵽ֻǳĬһᣬȥ㱨, ٻʱͷͬ, Ҳֻҽˡ
ϫҲ, , Ҳûа취İ취ˡ
ͷɻô˵, ¿ûô򵥡
û, ϫӦˣתǴͽ˼ϸڳˣóȻαװ׾ٱ㱻ʶơ
˶, ֵʵǰһλ뵽ĵ֮һֱһ¡
ͷ˵
˵ϴ, ûзЩʧٵĹǶһͬ㣿
ͷü֮ǰֹǶǲ෼䡣
ϫŵУҪôδģҪôлɾ
ͷͣ֡
ϫȴûʧٵĶЩɾĹˡ֮Щ²δʧٵ, ǴֹУǰα˵˵ͬһʱĺֹʧٵŮһˣΪЩȴల£
ͷͬĵͷȷʵˡ˶, ˼ǡ
ϫ΢죺Ҹˣʲôġ
ͷʮֲЦȻ֧ģֻΪˡ
ϫĵҲаɣҲ㲻ΪǸ
ʱôϫһȥײһ
֪ǡ߹Ǹһֱ⡣
Ŀ⿴棬ֿ˿һϴ󣿡
һӸ¿·ѡ
ͷ䲻ãϫϰ߻˴ϷţʱһԻͷ
һϫĽŲǸղ˵Ҷˡ
ŲδͣŶ
û뵽Ҳǻȥˡ
л佱˶٣ҲҪ룬ҲΪͷλãֻǵҪץֶѡ
һûӻҵ˼ǣҿ԰㡣
ϫ΢΢һͣüң
һȻǷŲ˵ҪҸ˰ɣҿΪѰһ¡
Ŀɨۣޱлǲá
һһšüͷʲô˼
ûʲô˼ǲͷ㡣ϫĵҸ˰ҲҸԼĹȥ˳۵ģ㻹˰ɡ
һŭ֪ô
ʵҲû׶ʱģô˭ٰ硣ֻһһֱԸ࿴ᣬαػĶԷ
˵Ļ˭أ
ϫǸ˱ˡ
ʱ򣬺˺Ҷ׼Ĳϫµϣûһյơ
׵Ŀռ£ʺϾ˼
ңòǰɷϼɿͻꡣ
ϫҲδ䵭Ůӵġ
Ц˵ģҲƯƵһ֡
ǣӵǧ֮һ
Ʋ֪ʱ߽ͷϷҲҲҲֻȰÿôһˡ
ЦôÿҲֻаұȽһˡ
ϫ̧ǲǫ顣
ﴽǡ
תת飬ЦЦգգۣơ
һĻ֣еҲֻҧгݻɷ
ѵý鶯ʮ֡
˵ʲôоǺȻеãȻ֪ྶ̬ͥȶǲ⣬
ţ峺β΢΢ϵϫһĴ
;̵ĳǶȸԣƲٴĵ˵ÿûġ
ϫæ
ЦЦϤ
£㲻ʲô
Ƶæϵɽ»岻ݴǡ
ǣҲԸ⣿
ƸĪЦЦֲû
ϫ
ô˵ĸ֪ϫһһʮľ֪ûʲôķӦǷƵһú㡣
ϫͷл
վԭأʵʲô𣿡
գգۣ֪ǲۻˣϫв׽һ˿ڴ
ôڣǲǿԿʼˣ
ϫûӦʼʲô
Ƶװѽ
ԭ˵аŮװ£ŮҲ׼ʲô
ϫް׼Ҳ١
ҡҡͷôأΪӣҪŮǿ϶Ҫú׼һܸӾƭ԰
ϫĲ
Ѿɷ˵ϫֱķ䣬ǡǲõķ䣬׼ˣȻ·Կ
ϫǿﲻ˵˷ֱ³ȥϫһľסȵȵȵȣ
Ʊ˸⧲ŷӦԼͻˣϾǸķ䣬ѾýͲ˵ˣһʱҪȥ˼ҵ³
ˣҼ·ϰɡ
ô˵ȴ˿ûҪȥ˼
ϫʱͷۣԼܾû³˼еתҡҪ·ˡ
ͷ΢ľʲôҲû
ϫȳȥ
ЦЦû˵ʲôԹԵԳȥˡ
ûȶãķű֨ѽһˡ
һЦתǵĨ΢Цȴ׽ϡ
ϫþûԼЩڡ
ǳ˳飺㣬ȷõ·𣿡
ϫʲô𣿡
°ͣ´˵˵Լġ
䣬ʲôƵģòǶأ
ϫ޿̣˭˵·һɫŽصģþϲִʼġ
ҡҡͷҲ̫ˡ
Ұɫֻһ˵ǲ˿׺һȥԵ·Ůˡ
ƣʵڲҴȥ򼸼ɡ
ϫתطء
Ȼϲ򵥵·ΪûŮҳġϴϪ̫أ͵һĶɫȹ
ǳǳɫ̫ϫҲءҪǵĹŮԻ˻ɡ˿ûдɻص˼
ٴпſڣ΢΢ĿҲǿտԾ˸ģķǳһ̶·˰㣬һƬ
أ֨ѽٴ𣬶ннĽŲʱѾԷתõĲһ˿ڴ
ҲǶȤζ
һɫȹǡôɫۣȴĳķɫԵð𪡣һ׺ż˿䣬һ˿ƤɰȹڵĳȸոպãҲ̡
·Ϊһ㣬ӵĻĵ
һֱ˵ʾˣէһԼ·ʮֵĲڣȻиùǣаŮװ
עӵʱƺĳϫôαװҲˣ˰ɡ
ƹ˹𷴵˵û
ϫЩɣʲô
ЦЦȷʵܹά
ϫ
䣬ƲеĲһߡ
ȵȣô˵ŤͷߵģǾ仰ʲô˼
ϫɵͷ˿ԼװüĪǴ㻨ڵλү⣿ԣҪеġ
ء!һŮʮֱ˷š
ߣʮֵĺԼķţźȴδĶΣͷεЦЦҡҡͷ
Լħˡ


39

ϫƶһ׼ƻ, ϷҪȫ, οǴͽ˼ܳɹƭġ
糿ǼҶһ, Ҳû˼ڳ, ľС㣿
һǽϫŵһ, Բ۲ͣشϢ, ҶϾǸô, Ȼһͨ, ü֮¸Ŀڵ֪ǼҹС㱾ͳüΪСδ, էһΪҼСˡ
ϫ˿, û£һĸóȻġ
ǰҡеȣͷϫ¸ڴһ÷ˡ
ϫûĻĿҶҪҪװɹģ, ڼҺúõأû»ǲҪš
Ҷеǣȴǹ˳ģ참ҲҪעԼİȫ
ϫͷӦ¡
ֵܳ徻˲, ˣ˾Ӷܼ࣬ϫһ͵ĳڳˡ¶ΪԶĴͽûй鰸أһʱΪԼȫѡ˾ڼС
ҹõνļƻʵҲ㲻ʲôƻһŮϷ룬ܲϹһˡ
ڲ鰸£µ˶һ࣬һ٣οºͷͷʱȼƻ߳£ŵ㹻ʱҪǲ
糿ʱѾ˵ԼĴ㣬ķӦôԶǸƵûʲôӦķӦ
ʱԼСˣϾ˵ʵĸԸӼװ̸飿˵õˣŮ̸ƶŸҲǻ˼ҴС踺أıһ˶ҪЩɡ
ȽϲСڡ
ʵϫƺ˲Щ߰ˣյĻں
ΪһòŮӣҴûжκһ⣬ҲݵϫĲܹĲ֪ЩԼĽദġ
ûϵС¾ֻǼС¶ѣΪܳǹϵ̸ֲʲô᲻û
ƣǵģΪܳǹϵ̸С¶˵ѹû
ġȫǡ
һĴŮװʣֻòΥҹȻãĲȳЩŮӶҪÿԼǲǳˡ
˵Ϊҵ࣬ҪҪҲȥŮװʲôģϾҲôһֱ˵úÿô
£ƺ𣺡㡭
ϫ֪˼ֱԼԭɤް
ƵͷɸɾģǸģأĿӵˡ
װ̫£뷨ܿͱ֮ԺתеרעԼıְĳݺⳡϷ
һϪһεӣƽʱŰúܣ춼ǸСò±֪һ˵Ϸʵ֪ôӺοʼ
Ҳգ͵̽ɣʡԺﶼҲ
˴ۣϫҪǺ«𣿡
ϫһ㶣ǡĿ⣬ܿ췴ӦĵһϷȻ
ǰ治ԶСһǺ«˵ԵģΪ̫ϲʳ
յգգ͵ۣ߸Ŀڵԡ
ЦЦºͣҡ
ϫûиȥռǿŮʱʱͶĿ⡣
Ŀ״Ⱥתתļ
òȥʮ꣬ȴһĻǡ
ϫʣλ𣿡
˵ıЩͣ˵͵͵ģλһ˳𣿡
ϫ£΢΢һЦչ¶Ůɬͬһλһġ
˼ﻹЩȥɣûڳﶼʲô𣿡
ϫװ¶ӣôǰЩ游ױԶ̽ףղŻߵ˽⡣
˵ͷ˸ʮִɱ֣רЩץȥɱ
ϫס죬ɴ۾ʮ𾪣ɣô¡
˵ֹʧٵ඼ûҵҵʬѾˣЩҿɲˣ඼ˡ
ϫԺԼı᲻̫䣬ʲôʱһεǺ«ˡ
ϫ軹ûãԼȽϻˣϫλǣ
ϫλģͬ˵⼸ճ﷢ɱ
ȴЦЦҲ˵ˣڡ
ϫĵɵ˰ɣèûеˣҲͻ˵˵ˡ
֪ǿ뷨ǳգ۾
ϫӹеǺ«ͷߣţ֪һᱣҵġ
ǿŶԼΪĲܣϫļ
һԵ˴»ǵĿ⣬ҡҡͷˡ
ĿۺĶϻǿѹŴǵЦ⣬Դϫ߰ɣ籣㡣
ϫ£ơЦЦ¼ضȽ⣬öԺٶҲ١
Ʊһе̧̬÷˿𣿡
ϫ룺ɡ
üδ˵ϫΪڿ˭ÿɣ˭пɱ֡
ЦЦսߣ͵ѯʣأ
ϫƮƮɨһۣûġ
ôŰǸȥô˿˿ıأһǴӣӿ˲ȵѽ
ϫĿĲֻڳлƼɣһЩΪϡٵĵطʺĻĵطֻڳģ뺦Ҳ޴֡ǵŶԷأȻҪҸֵĳϡ
ĳϫ˽⣬֪Լ뷨֮˵ͷȵ򵥡
ϫҲΪ򵥣ֻǲ·һλþòġˣ˵Ӧǳˣ
֮νֻǸſǵܲˡ
·һƷӵʱϵģԭϫλСҲĴʱһܣ˭һžĸȥ
ϫĵðɣҺǮ㡣
ȫˡ
ȻҲܲ죬ϵıûпסʳָָָˣǴŲ㣬㣬ǡ
ƣû뵽ƣ㻹Ůͨԡ㶼ѾϹˣбҪҸŮͲкٻһ𣿡
ϫŶһʱȻˣŮš
ЦЦ𣺡߹ɡ
üǲˬֺԼ̬ȣתϫλԶ㣬Բе˵ΪΪ˲ݡ
ϫɫδ䣬лѡ
һ䣬Ҳû࿴һۣϫһǺ«һֳĳ˵䣬߰ɡ
ƻͷֲʶôǵĸţЦ㿴ּǺˡ
ϫһۣ·
ȴЦһиֵҵĵط
ϫʲô
ѹûϳ㣬װĺܳɹ
ϫ
лҪ˵Ҫ߶߶ңʲôҲǸģиһҲˣҲûʲô£ǰ˵һ¡мϸôĺܡԲڻû˿Ҷдġţͽ

40

˵ĵطܳǵŮ֪ĵط, ﾭĻŮ, ʱǳ˫ɶԵŮֻ³⵵£ſ˳
ǹȥʱ, Ȼǿյġ
߽Ǻĵͤ, ϫ˶Ҳ˹ȥ
, ߵλãЪϢһɡ
ϫȥλ, ĿĴתת˵ĺõط
ƵͷЦЦô𣿡
ǵҲ, ˵һ˶û, Ϸ˭
ϰԵ￪ҡתô֪ĳǶĵط͵͵۲ǣ
ֵһĵطȥкüׯҪǱؾ֮·, û˿
ͷ, ֧һֻ첲°ͣԸðɡ
۽޲˲ߵԵ𣿡
ƮƮģϫû壬Ӧ˻ŵе㡣
泯źˮʱ紵, ˾
Ҹ˵°ɡ
ϫá
˵ǰиСܶ£ĸ׺, Ϊʲô
ϫıӰΪʲô
ƣΪúĸףΪĸ׺ĸףԺһʼͲӭĳ
ϫȻϲΪҪϣֻ̫֪࣬ƺϲ
ƣΪ棬Ǹ״źܸˣλ֮ܿˣȻȢµķˡ
µķ˶ͦõģ˭óкóԵĺĶѰ˵ĸȢһͻݵӡֻ֪ЩǱ湦·ڰﲻ֪ٻأÿᱻ״Ҫѧϰ֪ʶΪ˵õ׵Ͽɣֻǲͺáǣĸ׻ΪԼŬǰ׷ѵʱĸö¶һ˿Цݣ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
Ƶ˵ͷתпΧĵЦ⣺Ϊµķ˲ΪһӣһϲĶӣֻʱеϣĶϡЦǣΪԼŬ׿ˣ˺Ķ֪ʵĲп֮ڷһе¶ĸ׷òϿɣôһʱԶӣȥҲδɡ
ϣķ仡ͨе㳤˵ˣͲ˵Ǹ˾ˣϫٲûˡ
ȴ֪˵ЩʲôܸоıߵȻЩ޷ġ
ѾҪˡ
ϫ㶣ô
ЦЦַƵĸо֪ͬھֵģ
ϫüʲôأǸʶˣһҪԼģҪΪ˾УԼҪͺãر㣬ԻȥͬھǴ˲Ż¡
Ŀģʱ̶Ц⣬׽͸
ЦЦǣ㳶á
ϫ֪ᣬ˹ȥ
ֻǸվĿռ仹δһֵ̣ԺҸһ룿
ϫ룬ҰҴû⣬ƫҪشĻšһ⣬ƽƽӵľͺá
Ƶͷ
ϫأ
ƵҡƯġ
ܲܺúȥˣ
ȥҲѧģ°ͣ૵δ˭֪أɣо仰УԵעô
ǰûԵעԵأ
ͤСһᣬڼ˾ʱƸ۶ͷһժһɫСߣȻϷ֣һ䣺ôôС
õǻظ֮ϫһǱ

ӴԼ죬ϫٴλŮװţҲϡסŲסһˡ
գգۡ
ϫϷҲˣҪñꡣ
ƵͷãСġ
ϫȥתһȦ֮ȴûзʲôɵˣǵڶֵͤӴһ󣬿ʱˣֵߡ
ֻ֪ʲôˣͷѹעⰲȫ
ϫͷġ
ߺϫͤ˻ᣬ׼뿪
ʱһԵ߳һλ壬ϱһ֦һѵ
ϫЦЦĿתתôλˣ
ϫüδ˵ʲôǴԼǿɻ󣬵⼸߿ǺüˣÿؼǶһġ
ϫȻӣתͷЦռ£ˡ
˶٣ֵҲǱ𣿡
ͷҼҲҪ·ߣҲǣһߣֲǲ֪Ҳ¶Сһ˶಻ȫһ߰ɡ
ϫЦЦϣҲ˵µģҲû˵ô˰ɡ
Ǵ£Ŀ£㲻
ϫȻµģֻǶǰʱˣⲻѾûٳ𣿡
彫ϵ֦ᣬЩʧٵĹǻûһ
ϫȴЦܱҵʬðɣĺˣҲŲ£˱ء
Ǵüˣ
԰λɾᱣҵġڣҲдĺ𣿡
δͣͷһۡ
ϫЦӭĿ⣬Ǵ档
һ·ʹ˵ϫϵЦת˲ţָǰޱ飬ͷ˼λ뿪ķ
˭֪ǺúŵĴҲתͷϫЦ⣬֣ټ
ϫȥʱơ
֪ǲϻһ̫ˡ
ʯߣŻװϫüʱеûġ
֪ҡҡͷҲ벻ʲôǰʱĵɡ
ƣá
ԭ׼ƳŵϫͻȻ˽˻ȥ·ۿһԻװϫû뵽ϴ˴ҵ·ͦÿ
ϫʱ
۵ʱӦæ졣
ϫޱ飬ʮ䵭Ļ˾䣺ллĿ佱
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ͷ˽ʵҲûʲô£⼸ûзʲôɵϫ뻹ûλϾԼһɻ᲻Լ̫ˡ
ͷҲûϣ˵ûҲûдʧֻһһҺһҲ鲻ʲô
˶ֵûзµʬ壬ԸЩʧٵĹǻȫš
䣬ͷӻ֣ȥæɡ
ƻҪʵУϫҪȥŮװưҪȥһᣬ׼ʱеһڱˣɫҳġ书ǲʲôǵλүϾҲͦΣյġ
˵ϴϫϾʱ鲢ûзҲʱĶѣʱעλүȫ
Щԥˣ¸ƺڰ֣⣺ôɺϣӦǲᶯֵġ
ϫüôƶ
Ƶλƺ̫ԣҪҲʱԼġ
ϫͷûȻá
ģء
֪찮ƶϫ֮ͨ
˵ճദģʽ˴˶ϰˣҲա
ʱֻ಻٣ֻϫҪȥĵطûˣʱûˡգϫһľš
ǵͤʱɫģȴҲĿͤһһŮһڡҵ֮¡
ϫͣ˽ŲͤеŮһʱ޴롣
أǰһ˫֡ס۾аѹסЦ⣺ϫǻǲҪô˼ҿɡ
ϫʱͨ죬˺ﰴѹסϸЦسЦղĿתű˵Ϊϫŭб۵˵ĵƣתǼͤӡ
˵ڵĿԵֵط˵ǲҡϫոע⵽ǵţƫڲ£·ʿȥëëģ⸽ׯϵˣҽû̫˼ɾͳˡ
ոעѽʲôʲô֪ߵˣ
ߵ˻ڵЦڸŲ
ϫ߳ŭ̧һŶڽűϣ޿̣Ц
ƾЭúãЦ
˻ô˵ϴӦˣĻȴ˿ѹ
ϫԴһķʽ֮㷴ӦԽԽǵôߣ
ʱƽŲһתǰ̧°ͣ΢΢ͷս
ϫһ㶣üͷ
Ƽʱ߹ˡ
ϫ
˺΢ɢϣ˫ɫһոµӡҲĴܾ濴һʱĪ˸обŨŨ⡣
㶣Ӷͣ˼
һֻŵ§סԼķЩ̡
ߵĽŲԶܿ죬ɿϫæ˼ҲûŲһתԹͤӵķȥˡ
ԭվ˰Σյҡҡͷȥ
ջ΢ΣҪ飬ϫǿԼƲ뿪Щ߰Ķٹһͻȥǰ
û뵽Ƶһߡ
ϫüʲô˼
ƵˣӷŮһ˻ȥʵ̫⣬ֻ˻ɡһ뿪Ȼ·ڴֱһ·ȥͻԭ·
ϫͷҲԡ
˶÷ŵЩΣһʱ֮䶼ûȿڡ
Ƭ֮Ƶ񣬽һҪǧСġ
ϫһۣš
ɫ˸뿪ʱ䣬ϫǹ˺ʱһδȥȥŴ
㶣á
һ·ϫ˲
ʱɫδװ·ϡܱ·ģ֪֮л֮⣬ϫյĴ壬ֻǽϲû֦Ҳûе
˽ŲôҲ
ǴЦЦжǱˣⲻȡ𡣡
һˣ
ϫͷ⼸£ֻܼһҪˡ
ҲŪô
ϫ̾û취²ֻһˡ
Ҳÿ춼
ϫЦзǵġ
ȴҡҡͷûзˡ
δϫٽӻʱҲԼϲĹһÿ춼һ棬޲ʱʱ̿һ𡣡
ϫߵļǺΪûһ𣿡
ΪΪϲ˰˶٣ЦЦĿްҲ֪νϲǸЦˡ
ϫ򴽣˵ǡôˣ
ҡҡͷֻ֪֪Ǹ뿪طҲûϢ
Ҳһֱǻܡϫ
ǰҲôġ
˲֪ѾϴηǸ·ڣϫͣǴ壬ȥҲע㰲ȫ
ЦЦӦ
ϫԹ˵ǰ˼м΢ĺͽŲ
һһá
ٺһЦƽ￴ȥʵЦݴ˿̿ȥԽĹ쾪㤡
ҵġ
ⲻ֪ϫжȥȫϣȴѾŴҵЩˣôȽѵһ١
ϸ
ƻʱҶ͵ſڣεĿȥѾãĿڽӴӰ˲ǱܿȥûпҪʱĹʱȥ
ƽƼģҪ䣬աȴĪ鸡ȫû顣
߹ҶæʣҼҹأ
Ƶں档
Ҷ⻰ֱӾͼˣǵģҼҹһͬȥҪһͬѽҼҹӶһˣҲɫ磬նˣ㻹Ҳ̫ˣ
ƣ
ΪΣҲͰһ𰡣ɰ־ڰﲻʲôæҲɾϹȴֲ˵ֻ̫࣬㲻ôģҹӾǰŮӵӣô˵ҲǸӣο书ǿҶ򲻹һҲκβġ
ҶȴѾһһģֻ㶮ʲôǣҼҹӳˣҸôүӣС㣬ǽ
ͷ۵ķ˷ǿѹļĸȱޣż̵ͷȥڼţҺҹӺʱǰδȥȥǱǡ
ƵͷȥʱǰƵģҲƽʱϫʱһ·ͽнп캰ۣ˿·粽Աƽʱ˲١
ҲգҲģȥһڰ·˯ٺòˡ
֪ʱһĨĵҹûз磬ļžžĽ˺¡
нԶ·ȴҲû˿ޱҪǸԼǰˡ
ͶٿžʯƲһ˿ĵڵڶΪͬһǣһڲΪ˵ǴΡ
ڶΣǴ˿̡
Ҳˣôٴθоֶ
лҪ˵һˣд·һˣҪȥԷ~~~~

41

谵ֳʪĿռ, ϫ˺ϧ˵, ߵĽŲա
ϫſڵһŽŲнԶֱȫʧ
ץһ
㿴õǲʶģұ
û, ǳͦġ
Ѿò, ʧٵָѾ÷з, ôôʶô, ԹڼҴŲͲó𡣡
ͱ˵˰, ǲ𣿡
, ٸûѽô˻鲻֪԰׷𣿡
ϫ
űĵ, ΧȻֹ, ϫ෢۵Ĳ̵վ
ſ˵Ӳ˵һҡ
ʱа۾ԭڵһͨͨңھҵǵݾ
ѹϴôҲ˭Ҳ뵽һССĴׯڰһ, ҾͽЩҲڿݾ档
ʩȻŵη񣬶ڵĿռڣĹҲıֿ˿̣ǿϫ, ˡ
ϫͷվǻðɣ
һĬʣ㲻㲻𣿡̫ˣǱץ֮󶼺µĿ˰Žʵ
ϫȴѾԹԵĵֻú£ǵġ

һЦ˵㻹ǣ㻹ʡɣˣǹԹԵܱ֤ܻžˡ
ǰ˸͵ǧˣ㽫ŭˣᷢƵıһ٣Ҫ
ﻰδ˵꣬ɫõһѣʱֹס
ϫڴܣҲͣǣҪʲô
ǹȴ첻ټ˵ȥ
ϫü׷ʣһԵʲô˵ģҸ㣬Ҫǰ㻹ѵʱĿʿٰڳ
۽޲˲뵽ʬ塣
ƺҲ뵽־Ļ棬һʱ˶ûİ
ϫҪĴǳȥܿԼ
ʱ˾ϣϣϴˣ
ϫһ㶣ʶ
ĿãȻתתԼǰǼ俴ˣֻͷɢǱʮ֣һûϳ
־ɣ԰㣬ôŮӣǳú񰡡㣬㲻ǡ
ϫ治ɫʶҸϪ𣿡
Ůһ£Լҵͷ£¶
ֹϫɵ
˺üͷԭϴ˵ã
ϫӦǵģС㣬Ҫ취ǳȥ
˼һͷˮϫŵʱûս̫࣬˱㽫ĿͶ
ϲӦæ͵λ֪λλϲãöСϰ䣬ǲˣһԴǳȥģ
֪ΪΣϫ;ĪУаȫУоҲϾãϺܶطģõֱһޡ
ףϪޱǲĮֻԸ񱾾ˡȴĺܸ˰ȫ
Щﱻµȼϣһʱ޲ѣ齹ƵĶϫķ
ֻáաһǰӦء
ϫ˿ƿľƳɵţǵǰһһĽǵ⿪
һĶ壬ϫæסǣţȥǰ̽̽·ȷϰȫٹȥ
һ䣬ŵģǶû书ҹôԲ˯ãһ־Ͳˡ
֪һ䣬һŲѾ˹Ǿ޴جģǶʱ޴롣
ϫæѹȥαװǧ֡
ȴ˼ˣ㲻˵书𣿡
ϫüУûУұҪȷǵİȫ
ϫͺ죡
ϫΨһϣæİ˵
߽ʱʱһڵϡ
ϫͿǽߣߵǰ𾪵ĵɴ۾󣬴壬ô㣡
ЦЦûңǲǺܾȣ
ϫĿʮֵ𾪣ȴôôͿŻˡ
֪ʵóȻǱ֤ЩǵİȫԾԲԡ
ֻǺµ֪˵ˣЦһϾǵЦݣ±£ǹԹԵģʱһ
ϫֵ飬ĿİʣǹԹԵġ
üҿǹԣҲǲ¡
ϫҪȴû㣬һԵľӽ˾ƺԹԵĺ
ͣЩѺĹתĿеЦǿǹԹԾֵӾ;ú˷ܡ
ϫа̬
ȴȻĿתϫһ㶣æĿ顣
ɵСѾͷǲɾ
ϫ˵룬𣿡
üᡣ
ϫֵǲ룬ǹ𣿡
һ㶣ЦһǷʲôȤ飬СѾͷȤ
ϫ
Цһ£ĵĿСѾͷ߯ˣ֮ǰͬ˵ϲɾô˵أɾĵġ
ϫĵ񾭲
۾תת壬㲻ҪЩˣЩҺЩ߰ɣ֮ǰ
ЦŶǲأ
ϫɾĹˣ϶Ҫҵġ
찡ҺѽɴЦЩûõĶˣ㿴ҵôҵʲôˣһȺҿǿʬǡ
ϫҡҡͷŵĿ壬û뵽Ȼһˡ
üСѾͷôȻأɲǺŶ
ϫλˡ
ۣʲôˣ
ϲλˣİɣԭ벻ͨΪǷ˻ϲ˱ȥΪܲɡ
㶮ƨɱŭľصˤϣұΪұģ
ϫΪ㣬ҪԼ⸱𣿡
԰нȫǰͣǱңҪ־͹ɡ
ϫҡҡͷˣֻ˵Һλûͬһ𣬷ⱲӾͻˣ뿪ѡǶԵġ
ıŭˣľ͵رˤ˵ϣһ̶죬Ѿķѡ
ٹǱŵһ£һķ׷׾һ飬ȡȫС
ϫ濴ȥܵʵҲһѺ⻹Ϊʲô
ϫλ뿪һҸԼϲˣõһ𣬰ֵĹ̫ࡣ
ϫһ䣬һЦ֮ͬǰģοȥӵͷʱϵһһ
ҸҲǣȷʵǺϲԶһˣһ𣬱ͬһǳȷʵԶһˡ
ϫҧҧĵ̬㲻ϲ
仰Ϊŭϫﻰ
Ȼϫ仰˵˵ϣֻɺݺݵĽĿͶӿϵǺƣƺ֮ǰֻ³һ㣬ķѡ
ӵЩƬһ鲻СȴʮּģĿϣһس߹
ϫЩǷ˵ǵһƳ
ƵţСѾͷ㲻˵ұ̬ǽ̬㿴ʲôǱ̬òã
ԽԽߵſڣӸµĴֺأ˻СѾͷüĿģҪʹʼɣ˵أ
ϫҧҧӭĿ⣬ҪһˣҲù쿴Ż
УɵͷͳһԿףľǳ֮ˣȻôԣ͸㳢ζô廹Ҫúء
աһڴѾõˡ
ϫʱ壬һ߹ǿƬԽԽ
ڣ
ϫȹȲɿ.ǰѾذףϰ꣬Ϫ֣Ҳѵأ׼ɸûӦذ׾Ѿ̽ϡ
޷͵Ϯһ֣ӦҲѸ٣ϫǲ֪ʹһ㣬Ȼûʲô·оʮ㣬ϫЩûмܵס
ЩӦɣһߵÿշ񺰣ǿߣ
ЩǷ׷׽Ѿ⿪һһӵҲ˳ߵʱȴͣ˽Ų߰㲻Ҫˣ
ǳԭأǣϹ棬Ƕô졣
Ϲģ书Ǻܸ𡣿߰ɣٲһҲܲˡ
˵ѹŤͷˡ
ڷӦѾͷб£Ȼȫųˣֻ书ԭ׼
ϫΪһЩһȦѾг̶̵˺۱鲼ȫϫҲòȥһһķۡ
ǲ֪Ϊһбһо㡣
ǲ֪ߣֻûֳʤŴͬھŭСѾͷͷ֮ʱƯҲǲģίˡ
ǣϫԣһ˾ͺá
ݾһݣÿÿҪʱͻõһҪȥὫߣ֪Щ޸֮ŮŪȴΪԷһ
ЩһһӳٴμգһƵԼҵķܡ
һ·öټŬԼ侲ѰʱǰԶӭ˹
㶣ʶҵˣϸһλ߼Ķ̬밢ƥ䣬
ȻǰȥǹＴһ㶣ΪԼմӴѱһˣֿ¹ڳòõƺǻŷһġ
ʣܵæΪ£
ԭ侲ڼ㣬Ӱɡ
ƵͷæǷʲô£
ǵģҺһͬʧٵĹǱһλϵĹ˳ڻûܲȥæ
ֻһ˲æ죡
һ·񱼣үҲ˲ȴݾߣϫѾ˳
æ˹ȥϫĸ첲ǽôû°ɣ
ϫҡҡͷֵͷ͵͵ģ棬С˵㣬ιȥӦû
Σ㡣
ϫۣᴭţ˵ˡ
һ䣬һղˡ
ƣ˵ˣ
Ҳˣôѽ
Ƶͷæŵұ
лҪ˵д̫ˣܻеŵǰɣأǰף֣

42

ιȥϫ֮, Сֵʵ, ˵ڹ沢û̫裬ܶϫӦӲϾ, ֺ, ϫܳ, ˭ڶԷֲźôӯ, ֵֻһ, ͬҲһȥ, 䲻Ѫֹιȥǳ, ȥŵ㵽, ȴû뵽һȥײƣܿյģʲôŵˡ
ûȥ
εǰһʡ
ӣҩˣϽ˰ɡҶŶ룬ϵֺŨζҩ
ϫŸû, ɫ԰׵ĺܣ̧Ҫӹ
Ҷæһˣǧѽ˿ú, ˵Ҷò˵ġ
ϫȻ֪ο˭ҲԼ忪Цߺ˿ںҶιҩʣʲôˣ
˵һˣʱӻģһʱʲôҲ벻ڻ˲Ź˵ѯ
ҶɫȴʮֲѣѯʳҲԹԹĿһۣš
ϫȻ֪ǵҲ֪ôͺҶ˵Ϊ˵ʵԼҲЩµģûóֵ׼˵ˣ̫ᣬԴˡ
ȻҶѾͷлǶȻﲻסģӿ֪Ҽһ˻ʱж຦£һӳ¶ˣҿô찡ūȥ㣬֪жذ
ϫ֪д˵ʲôҲ˵ѾͷҲǵ
ҶۿģС֪ӽ㱳ʱū澶ˣϵѪֹȾ϶ǣūΪˣ֪С֮һιȥ
⻰Ҷ˵ûȷʵκһƬհʲôҲ벻ӵǾ仰
ϫͷȷʵҿǲ´ξòԼˣͬ˵˵
ҶѭƵǾ仰ȸһߣ̾һιȥһһҹŵǽ׽ù鰸պնֻЩЩҵĹס
ϫΣ˻žͺá
ǡҶ
ţϫֲ̧˲ǵҩ֭ʲô
ҶҧҧС㣬һҪҪ¡ˣҶȴǿĿİû˵
ϫüɵ㵽ôˣʲôҪ£ôֺСˣɱ¶ˡ
ҶһһţѾ¶ˣ
ϫ㶣ͼҵ𰸣⣬⣿
Ҷ̾Ѿ֪ǹӶСˡ

ʱôƬ̵ľֹֹͣҶźҴһ
ʱȥ˺ֻؼҵ˼ǸʱҪһĨڣӣĿ˵ǸιȥС¸֪
Ҷʱ˶ˣƽȥҩĺ׼һд˿ҪõĶææҲʱ磬һֱڲ
ϫĵһӦȴǡ
ô֪ģ
Ҷ
ϫüɵòᡭ
ҶԭƯƲĿؾͶԼϣ˲ͱˣԲѽС㡣
һֻǣ˿ڵ򣬵û㣬벻ͨ
ŮװҲûж໳ɣǾô֪ģ
ҶһʱԣԼСƽʱʮִϻۣһͳٶ۵ĲС
С㡭ҶˣԱġ
ϫգգְۣԼǰǴγѣڶ㾪ȵĵԲ˫ۣ˿ȴķ˷û˵ʲô
Ҷҡҡͷûˡ
ϫ⿴˿ںδ
ҶʰҩߵūҲ֪ʱ˺üˣȻӾ͸뿪ˡ
ϫҡҡͷ˺ȥơ
ϫ˼ղŻţſڵǼæЦǵĴ󹦳ˣ
һߵĿļ򣺡ϴ˵˺ѽ
ϫòĵͷѾˣϴ𣿡
۵ͷڵģ
ϫü
۵ƺһЩ¡
ô濴ۣʲô£
۵֮ǰǸִŮҰҲ˽ȥ
ϫ㶣ȥ
ֱ¶򵥡
ԼԼŲµЩʲô
лҪ˵⼸챻ϴקȥżңȽƫƧԲôûwifiؼ˺ܶ࣬ܳģе¾ֻܽдôˣ˫
һ¶¥˵ġҪûȥ¡

43


һϴε龰, ֻζ, һ
ϫſڿصͨ룬һ۽ڵ龰۵ס
һѽһ˿ƵĴͷܿ
ɫ, й, ¶˸ЦݵЩˣ
޴󰭡
ͷǾͺ, ǻвʴɶЪϢ졣
ϫӦл, ȷʵ, Իˡ
һԵͷ, ЩҲҪ֪
ϫȥ
ͷֹѾ˵ˣ޹أ㲻طϡ
ŵϴ˺ܺ, ͬǸСһ, ŮҴªߣôǶʲôһˣ
һ䣬ִæ߹첲˵ʲô㣡
ִԼŮߵ㻹ҪԺôˣ
ݼᶨȫΪЩ֮ΣŮ, ô겻ҲһѵŮ˾Ͳܻ𣿡
ϫüЩ˵һϯ
ִһβģһʱû취һֱ
̾, ŵδ
ĿһתתһЦְλ١
㶣漴ЦЦҲΪˣֻǸССɣٿԴӦǰһְλһҪɲУҲǰ첻ġ
ЦЦлˣͰ˵á˶٣ֵŮֻǾƷжӵ˲Ϊ٣ѾӦˣŮûˡ
ͷĿһ˰ɣ㻹ʲôҪ˵𣿡
һͷɵŵˣûлҪ˵ˡ
֪ǲϫĴܾһĻһҧгݵζ
ȻѾĽ취Ҫִ뿪ʱסŲĿ⿴ϫ
Լϫͷʾ⡣
վǰ΢΢ЦϴˣεǣʮֱǸ
ϫҡҡͷĴ㲻ҵǸ
Ҫлл㣬лǡ˶٣Ŀϫ۵ףܺá
ϫ£Ѿתȥˡ
һһˡ
ϫҲ뿪ʱرͷס
ͷȵţл˵
ϫͷ
ͷת̾㰡㣬˵ʲôãϲĹﲻܹȥ׷˼𣿷Ҫֵĵزº˰ɣŪø˲ƾʧ𣿡
һȻƿԡ
ϫһ߾ΣһôҲҪԼ⸱ӱƫƫͷߡ
ͷȴû뵽Щһϲ嵶
㿴СϣҪѧѧһȣҲֳɽӡ˼ʸûˣô죿
ϫ
һϫģʲô档
ϫɫĻ
һȴЦЦǵģȷʵǸ涼ǿұǱȲģҸҲñȡ
ͷü⻰ʲô˼
һжߵ䵶ָĦţһʼĲ𡣺α˵ЩûʵĻ
ͷûϵ˵ⷬһʱЩסδӦһһССĲˣһûǰ;λãҲա
һ䣬ͷû䵶һͷҲصˡ
ͷȴδķӦϾѾͣʲôûȥ˿ֻ̾ǰ䵶ֹ˵ûɻıǲ֪ڸģȷʵǲʺϹٳ
ӵĵطϫҲʺϣѹϪ񲻿

ָֻܳƽ鴦Ҳˣϫĳ֪ܵѾòǰˡ
֪ΪΣ⼸˿ûеĹƻὫ˵ȥܾ
˵˵ȥֲǰٺòˣϫô˵ҲӦ˼ҪȫɣһǸ˵ˡ
ǣīҹϫǱ򸮵Ͼӡ
Ϊ˷ж⻻һɫļװ
򸮿ǺϣϫҪȥѣΪĹģ֮ҪһټĵطҵһĲס
ȻȷʵסˣǱһӰѰṦת˰ЪϢһʵҲҲ御оˡȴǸɣվŷŵϡ˵
ϴܣϫСһ˿϶ȴµʵһС
Щϫ֪ģһǮ˼ҸжһһСģСҹʱõġ
ϫȴûղΧ¯ӱߡ
Զϫŵһҩζ
ֻµһһ
ִȻݳҲ֪С㻹ү
һ߲ͣҩֳ˴󾪣˰㣡⻰ǧܸˣСûһ
ݳһۣСֵģôĸû¶ɵܣСƳ͵Ъˣġ
ݶð͵ϫͷߣ
ֳﻹǵģݳС࣬ϫмѶȻ˵Щʲô
ֳ˵СǻЩλүǵĴүˡ
ݳȴһЦ˵ĺүһ㣬ڣȷҪ
ֳҲ֪үʲôǵү˴֮ڳҲܣԼ⣬ٲҲݰɡ
˵ѽЩҩҪˣݳ̾һһɡ
ССķ϶ĵĸϣϫŴȥ
˵Ĺ·˲񷿣Ͳ˻棬ûһƮƮȻˡΪõҴүĿǰǳĶӣܲϲҲܻڲš
ʵ֤Ǵġ
ٴ񷿵ݶϫûȥվƶ˵Ļ
֪˵Ǹµ˹Լ˵Ҫˣͬھ֣ŵϾ͵һϯѵʲô£ʲŻ
ϫ°ͣȲȥǹʼʩĽƬһ϶͵͵￴ۡ
ȴһƬڣʲôҲ
üϸһᣬҲʲôҲû
˾ڲҪҪȥһʱ
ƺԼԼȴʮУǺʹࡣ
лҪ˵ҡİɣʵ̫ˣۣˣ֪ǿ϶ҵĶ԰0v0

44

ϫһ˲, ƿݶļ߿, ճһ˵Ŀռ䣬αСҲ̫
һṦȻ, ڳ֦ùζ, ֹ, ϫŵһϤζ
Ѫζ
ֻһ˿Ҳû, Ŀתת, ȷʵһƬ, һ
üһʱڿա
ϫ̽Ļƣ𣿡
Խߺʹᴭ, , ԼĿűᳶ¡һ㶣ĿںڰתǱߡ
񡭡
ϫȥʵû°ɣʲôҲϢǼϢ֪ڵϵ˴Լǲġ
һ˱һҪ㱧Թһ˵ԽԽá
ȻЦЦ£, ˡ
ԣϫֻЦĵػû
δʻƱȵѾˡ
šϫأ㡭˵𣿡
Ƶͦص, ĺˣѾҩˡ˶٣ʣ֪ģ
ϫʡЩҪķϻ·żȻҳ̸
˶٣ϫûסʣ㾿ʲô㡣
ЦЦҲûʲô˵Щ

˼Ƭ̣򴽣ҪҴȥ𣿡
ϢȴˣһмҪ£ܻŻҾ͸ߡ
һ仰ûע⵽ܻŻ仰ȥˣز˵ġϫüʲô
ƳűĵԼǣϵ˿ˣʱһϸ΢ʹ
ڵ𣿡
ΧһƬڣϫʲôҲŶԣƺܸо˵⻰ʱ۾ǷŹƵģһЦ⡣ܿļðǿѹǣɴ˿Цʮֵ⡣
ϫĪĸо
һǸ񾭴ˣĳЩǱ˳ٶࡣƩڡ˶֪һһ˵ƲûΪŮӵݾͶ̬ͬʱйΪ˵Ĺġ
ȷʵܶ࣬ЩҲʮֵ鷳ֲԸѿˡ
šԼǸķǵˣʲôʲô
ֱȴһԲѵүƬ̣һʱ侹ǿ˿ǰ㣬޻˵
ϫٳٶҲ쵽յĲԣԵôˣ
ƺЦҲûʲôҪȥһ˾ǡ
ǣʡ
ţƵ˸˿ڵƵĸ֮أˣձĸ׵ļգҿ϶Ҫȥġ
һ䣬СȲ࣬鲻飬ҪҪ᣿
Ŷ˶ȷʵЩӲˣ͵
ĶһЦȻǲһġ
˼ǲǾȥ޻أ
ûشϫֵһǵϴεЩѵʱ֣
õʱ𣿾ûͷ붯ֱ㶯֣磬û֤Ҳ鵽ϡ
ϫȴӽ£ʲôʲô
˵ҲԣЦ¶бĽ֪ء
񡣡
š
һֱԺֻø˵ļǼյӡ
ϫš
ҺúõĻˣһȥĺòá
ϫ
ۺʱ컹ղסǷǻزˣҿ˶Ƽ𡣡
ϫ
ǻزˣҲѾ˽ҵź
ϫü
ЦЦһֱܼã֪Ѿˣɲûźô˶٣̾ҲΪ˰ɡ
ϫ޿̣ٺŲھǰĨ㲱ӡ
ԭһ£ôһͣŲˣһɣֻἰŮӵ¶ûôˡ
ƣ԰ܸԵ˰ɣ
ǣΪܱء
ϫƬ֯ҡΪǲĸ·ˣֻݶλðˡ
ü°ҲԸģŵ࣬ڡ
⻰ϫǲ÷񣬵Ҳô˵Ǻ棬һʱʸǳʲôҪҵģպǸһˡ
ƣ
˶٣˽ģҲϣҵܹҸ磬ϾھͱȽ⡣
ƷƵЦЦǲһ
ϫüôһ
Ƶ񡭡ӣΪӲҪһЩεġ
Ŀ㲻ҲҰ׵ӡ
ᡰšһ£ҪĲһͻУ˶٣͵͵ģૣҡҺǣԼǲ̫һġ
ֵʱˣЩȥЪϢɡ
ϫ£ӳȷʵвʱˡѰ֧ݶʱƺ񡣡
һ㶣俴ȴǻͷ
նл
ϫлʲô
Цҵڡ
ϫ˳Ƕһ䣺ʲôʱܰë˾ͺˡ
ǻָݶһƬУЦЦʲôʱҲѿķǵëˡ
ϫ뿪˺ˡ
Ƶ鶼𣿡
ӣ׵
Ѿ˻ȥ۾һʱδȥ죺𣿡
ӡЩɡ
ɢģ˵ߡ
˵Ҫز𣿡
Ϊβ
¶ʹɫٸԼ·
ΪƶĻĬƬ̣˼˷е
תе⧲
ЦЦ˿ܽҪӰ죬Ӽסˣ;пɵúúˡ
ˣ̲סʵͻȻı뷨ˣ
ţü˵𣿡
ˣеܳĻʲôʱȥѽ
ڲٶΪӺȻãϻõֵĴڡ

ƳǰѾգϫյһţƵġ
ֽǱԹ·;ңԶôôλүʹϫԵĿۣ֪һһ·ȫ֪ھר˱ԷЩ⣬ŵ˴īʻ˸ЦʮֵǷᡣ
ϫʱûƵĵһ⣬Ҳһ⡣
ߵǼ죬ϫʮֵġǣҶ˵ϣǻģϾԼӦȫȴޱϡıΰɡ
ͷϴӦˣʵʡҲûʲôãԼٵæ
ûǼ죬˲Щˡ
Ϊ
ϼʯˡ
лҪ˵ҿѽѽΪҪˡұˡɡ⼸һǱոɡ˫ƲС

45

ϼʯĻȫϫ֮, ϾѾʱһˡ
»ں档
ʲôڶȻһ˵һ飡
ϼʯ, Ѿͷҿ˵ȴûһ˿
Ȼ, ϫЦ, ԭ֪ҵѽ, һΪֻϪһء
ϼʯ죺⺢, ˵ʲôء
, ϫѵ˿ѹֲסԼ, ƺڷȻҵôôңϪǼһ͸˵ôҲûأﻹŮɴǸһһھԶŮˣ
ϼʯ, СҲû취˭֪ʵ˽ʱǡС, ǡṦʵۿˣⲻ˿ھ׽ΪˣҲڵĺܡ
ʲôãϫҡҡͷֻ侲ֻʵһ⣬Ϫزˣô߸δ
ϼʯ֪ϫ׵ĿҲҿ, Ŀġ
ϫѲµ˵ѺǩԼ
ϼʯյĳ̾һҵ֪ǸСӻôһʵڲͲɣͷһ˵ˡ
, ϫģû취
أûˣһô죿
ô˵Ӧˣϼʯ
ϫԹĲۡ
ϼʯЦܿģһǾһȥǸСȥ
ϫ㶣ǴԺסھˣ
ϼʯҡҡͷʱѲģҲһǱߣżȥ
ǣϫЦɻ
ϼʯüƽЦԼָֻޱŮѾͷѽ춹ĸһģ̳ġ
·Ͽٽַھ˵˴ء
Ŷ䵭Ӧһˡ
ϼʯӣãأĿٻüء
ʱ˵첻˵Ҳмϫվνͷλãͬųɻӣʱһ˴ȥְλ
ǰͺкһҲδֻǺ˼ҳĩԼλõСԽӺһˡ
ϫ˾ܷġ
ͷָ󣬡Ȼģ˶٣ֵʱ㣬˵Сϸ첲ϸȵģǲУû뵽һﵹɫ
ϫ΢΢Ц˹ˡ
ЦҺĳ㲻Ըôһֱû㣬ҪˣǷ˵˵Ϊ㲻ϲٳ
ϫ룬شġ
㶣ЦһӶŲ
ϫ¹ٺʹˣ඼ɼɡ
ǰСǽˣٻкüء˶٣ֵȥ˾ܷƿɱЩ˰
ϫ˵Ҫȥ⣬ЦЦ
ˣʱˣЩȥʰʰɡ
ҹܳձҪ뿪ܳǣʱڴǲϫȻܳǵתתÿ춼ڿ֮ǰľվǲһġ
·ǼõľƹʱϫͣͣţĿ￴ۡſڵרӭ͵СæЦϴ˽пչѽһ
ϫҡҡͷЦЦ·ˡ
ǰߣϤĸӣԼǼҡ¥
ϴ˽ѽ
ϫҡһ·ϵĵͷ
ߣûôˣϫطһӵݶһֻҹӥṦһ
ϫݶƬϣҾҪȥˡ
Ҳǰһ㣬Ǳǰӵĸûˡ
ݶ֮ϣԼԼͯĿϫԼȴɡ
ȻһŮ˵˵ÿһ˵ϲԳǻỵݵĻ
ϫ˫ԺǰǣмŻһһġ
ԼǶЦǰĳһҲʱ˵ŵȴôɱ˵ΪĸˣǱЩģֻ˵ǸյѾˡ
ȥ˾Ҳ˵ǰȥ޻ˣʵȥĵһ꣬ϫյǷִʱƽźûѶһֱڶ꣬ȻųϢ˵ڻ·ˡ
ڼϫȥҹǸЪϢĿ϶ȥģȻĽ޼Ѱ˺ʱƬգʱʵʵܾŻҲδء
ŵ鶼ѾϣϫϼʯźҶһͬǰǣֻ˳һ˿ҡ
ľǣϼʯֱһ丮ۡϪĻ治˵Ӿǻʵ۸ġϫǵִʱϪڻʹȰ
ʱ꣬ϫڻԼŮûдĹѣϫЩûԾǺҶȻȥˡ
ϫξǣζȥҴҲúùºòһɣҲ˺úù¡
ҶǱ˵Ҫȥ䣬ֽżʰ˶ȥ
ۣС쿴ö˰Ҷһ߾
ǵģ˵֣ܳǼȵķ֡ΣϾֻһССܳǰˣﵽӵĽ¡
ϫãֻǺҶѾͷȴǳղסˣֳ˳ϫ䣬չСС쿴Ĺ﹫Ƕúѽ
ϫЦЦҪѰɾ˵ˡ
ҶһʱˣѽС˵ʲôأ˵С㶼ûޣūôᣡ
ۣϫҡͷЦЦô˵һӲҲң
Ҷ£죺ô
ϫԽѾͷԽ棬һ󣬿Щʱ˼Сһ㡣
ԴˣСôãôԺ󵱸¹أ
Ҷ˺죬˿ڸոԼСһһѿǣСϲʲôѽ
ϫϲģµط黹ųһҲû룺ʵһİɡ
ʵҶǹ˴𣿡
ϫҲ̫ʵˣʵͷɵˡ
ǺŵģһֱΪʵ񣬵ȥ̫ʵˣִġ
ʵǡ
ԼСһѾ飬ֵū澾ðɣСÿҪҸÿɾС㡣
ÿġϫ㶣Ĭ˾䡣
ţҶصĵ˵ͷ־˵ͱ˵ġ
ţϫü
ҶÿģȻԸΪȻУСһҪҸֻϲСģԲǻӡ
˵ϫδӻҶ㳤̾һ˵ʵҲͦ˵̫ˡ
ϫ򴽵ȥԵ㶫ɡ
Ҷʱ۾һϣ
˱һ٣ϫڳйʳٻȥ֮Щ¡
лҪ˵ѽѽѽҿѽ

46

Ҷš
һССĵ, ϫÿǶ, ֻΪһС̣ʵǸǮר˰µĵطϫǰαǾƼѰˣʶһҲµƹĴ, ǰ׼
ƹǸʮ, ݺ, ϫʱˡ˶, ֱǸЦЦʵڲɡʱδЩټ
ϫͷ, ôȥ, Ѳ顣
ƹ̾λԹˣϴβ˵Ÿ֪𣿡
ϫ˿ƹĲˮߣҹ˳סһʱ䡣
ҪҪ¸ƼƼĵط
ϫӦǱлˡ
ҶͷڽԼС˳, æӭȥС, ȥİ
ϫ룺ȥ𣿻档
ҶЦСġ
̾ȻȥЪϢ°ɡ

ϫǼϪҪһٺòͷԣ֪˵˶ûλүһ档
ôæ
ǿҵĻСǹôһϫˣŮʣϪƽסﻹôģ
ŮС֪ǰնڼүСģȴǸɣүСյǰӱ㱻ϴˡв½ȥ, һȥ죬ʮ춼ǳе¡
ϫüҪһֱڻʹţ
ҲȻŮÿϽʲôˡ
ϫ˵ˣŮЦЦС빫, Сģȹӻūһȥ
ϫɨһۣޱ˭
Ů
֪ϪǼһǧۻ˳ڶ칬㴫ϢϪ˼
ʱϫĿԺӵǧϵȥҶһߴߴ
ϫŮȥ
Ů˵С㶨ǺģŽСȥ档䣬˶٣ŮֵС͹ùϵѽ
ϫδ˵ʲôһͣĺҶȻĳȫһģ̳ġ
ϫǧĿȥ𣿡
Ҷ£Ӧæصĵͷ룡
Ǳȥɣ°ڣĵĺܡ
Ϫ˻ͷţһʮǿ׳ˣϫͺҶ߳ʱһûӦϫߵǰʱŻȻλϴ˵ãϹ˰ɣ
ϫͷӦͷˡ
ɫ΢죬˰ֵʲô˰Сˡ
ϫЦЦá
СӺˡ
Ҷһ͵ЦϫεˣʲôЦġ
Ҷʮ̾С㳤̫Ư̫ѽ
ϫ˵ģǲҺϪ񳤵вŮŮ
Сô˵أҶˣС͹ֻмưˣʵһ㲻ģССɾЩü۴ЩֻС㲻Ц˭㶼ϲġ
ϫ֪˭˵Ϫһģӿ̳ġ
ϫ֪ʹںδȴҲû뵽ôǾ͵ˡ˻ʹкܳһ·ϳСĪϴѾﰲź˵طùȥһᣬȴæ˱Ѱ
ϫûôĵطһȽڱܿƵסҶͲ̫ˣ֮̾ʱϫԼܲ˵Ƕġ
ΪΣˣôҲŵһ¡
Ҷˣū澴ûⱲӻܽôƯģū̲ס
⻰һ䣬֪δۡһЦ
ϫ΢
ǸͲĹңϫѲϵȣױμ򵥣ϻһ㱡룬²ԼǹŮ֮ġ
ϫǡ
ǷĹŮϫڴͬʱҲһϫһʱЩ죬ȴһʱ벻ʲױ²Ӧλ˵ļҾ죬ȥ˱ڴ˴ȴ
Ůֻڴ˴ģǰ߱԰úÿء
ϫӦлѡ
Ůһ£Լһֱǰ߾԰ˡ
Ůߺ󣬺ҶϫڴգգۣСС㣬Ҫȥ𣿡
ϫЩɣҶֵС㲻ȥ𣬹ӲǽСղλ˵Ӧǰ治ԶǾȥǱߵȹӰɡ
ϫεҡҡͷҿɡ
ϫʵνϾЩǲ̫ȤȤĸĻһ档ȻȤǳ˵еģ԰ȷʵĺƯʽĻľÿһһͤϻССĺò˵ʵܡ
Խȥˣǰżһ·ŮԽ߱һҲˡ߲ͷһ㣬ϫסҶ߰ɣ̫˴·Ͳˡ
ҶæϫĽŲȴԼС㱾ת˷ҪʱؾͶס˽ŲҶЩãȻСôˣ
ϫ˸ƣҶ졣
üûʲô
Ҷһ㶣ͣͣȷʵԼԼ˵Ҳ߹İɡ
ϫü˵ʵ䵽ȷʵе㡭ǲҲɵһֱٵĵط
ҡҡͷԼŵЩ̫ˡ
Լ뷨һ̱öߵִЩԶԾﲻ䣬Щ鲻ܹһֵġ
ǡǡɵǣϫѾҪԶߵСʱءͨһ쳹ڶߡ
Ųһ٣ҶҲ˹𾪣С㣬ˮˣҪȥ𣿡
ϫж𰸣ҶæظϫĽŲ
ϫͣķߣ˿ǰ治Զͤ￴ˣΪվŵĵطǰһïܵҶڵסΣҪǱʱַЩ
ҶظһַС㣬̫ˣȵѽ
ϫҶ쿴
Ҷ£ϫָŵķ
ͤǰһˮǳ֪˿ˮһƴ
Ҷ˲䣬ϫѾṦɿĹȥűһͷˮС
ҶʧɫһƬհףʲôҲܲѾȽŷɱȥȻϫȴѾֽż˰ʪʵǱ
Ůӷڰߣȫûѹļ˹ȥ
ŮǺ˼£³ôһˮ˹
ϫһͬʱҶҲһ
С鲽ܹɥСˣ
ϫʱû˵ϻӦ㻹𣿡
ڵϵŮͬǱʮ֣ԼǾŹȣ˿ɫ԰ʮ֣۾ʱ۽޶΢΢
Ŀϫʱƺһ˲ɴ㣡


47

ţϫü
ǹԼڻָЩ, ŵ
ʱͤڵļҲ˹, ϫ֪ԭίԭǼŮ֮ЩִСƫƫùһСıʮˮˡǲˮġ
ʲôԭŻִϫ֪
ĵǺ, ˮѵûĺȶûС
ĹĶͽȥ, ˿Сҵɫ, ЩŶ, ȥƺЩеĳһλ
նлȡ
ϫšš°ϵˮ, ûס, ҪѧԼԼ
ʲôˣȺмһסҪ뿪ϫ
ϫ˶ٵˡ
ص·ϺҶͣ߶СǣСҲҪԼԼѽ
סϫѾ˲٣Ȼ֪Լµ²Żæ
Ҷ֪ǲ, û˵
ǡϫЩ, λСҵĹŮ񡭡ʶ
԰һʹԲʶŮʲôġ
ϫҡҡͷ˲ˡ
ϫʱò̾԰Һ·õĲӣ֪ôƳȥ
ϤԲ֪·߳ȥڡͺҶ߳ȥʱϵ·Ѿ׸, Ѿ·ٴ·ߵСҡ
ѽ
СҲãƷЦŴǰϹڲųΪ֪ġ֪ҾŹˡ
ϫҡҡͷ¡
Сҵͷ̧뿪ʱֺضס˽Ųʹա𣿡
ϫüʶң
Сҡﳤúһλ
Ϫ񡣡ϫӵ, ˵𣿡
С㶣ǡ
ϫá
С洽£˵ô񣡡
ϫ΢΢һЦ
Сüڴ˴ϴ𣿡
ϫ÷
ͬһȥģһ·СҺ˵˲ٹϪ⼸ڹе飬ٲȻǻϵĵ֮ԡ
Сҵǹﵱϴ˺幫ΪˣһҲʮò
ЩϫǲòϵģϪȷʵƭùҡ
ϫ˵СΪԼ˵ˣ书ǻϴ˸ʤһġ
ϫżӦ䣬ֵԺͺҶԭȴϪˣþ֮ǰ
ҲǡδˣϪһﵹûʲô仯øЩ˿ȥƺЩݡ
Ϫǰǰ˸ָҵĺɵˣ
үҶһԽе
ϪЦЦҶƯˡ
Ҷʱ졣
ϫޱĿΪҧгݣƺúܺء
ϪεȴοԼܲ˽ôЦ£ɱڿˣһ㻻һԡ
ϫЦһѲɵұҳߡ

Ϫǰһͷôˣôôء
û˵ʲôϪ߰ɣȥһλѡ
ϫĸߣʵʲôѰ
һܼթСӡ
ϫûʲôϵɡ
Ϫ񣺡̣ǡڹУʶʶлѽ
ţü
Ϫѹѵ
ϫۣԼ᣿
Ϫʼ磬СӲһĶãһǸ㲻㿴Ҫȥ˿ǸŮӿ϶֡
ǺǣЦ£ÿ治һĺѽ
ǣϪǰ԰֪Ͳ߳ˣҸŮá
ˡ
ͤе˱һ£ͷ߸ޱߵķ˿ϵĴţ㶣ĪϤС
ôˣϪʡ
ϫû¡
Ϫһƣ
ϫסˣӲĿƵĨӰת˹
һ꣬ٴζ˫۾˫Цӡ
ƣơ
ԭû
̫ˡ
ԽϪЦЦƲȥһ߲ԵϪ˭ûȿڣֱ
ӣ
Ƴ˸ƣĩ˹˹첽
ϫأ񡭡
ͣϫ˭Ҳ
ϫգգۣ¶ʮеЦݡ
Ϫɶͷԣȴеᵽһ˿ͬѰζǡʶ
ϫ߻δôǣƵǰܳǵʱй֮Ե
Ϫ񳹵Ȧˣȥܳǣ
ЦЦʲôȥ¾ܳǵ˰
Ϫʼ֮ǰһĵˣǼһ˲һ䡣ôգ򵥵׾پͽˣ
Ϫ˳ǣУ򣿡
ƹ˹
Ϫ޿̣ô֪
޹ûҰ
Ϫ񣺡ǻ˵塣
ƣû߻ϰ
Ϫ񣺡
Ƴգգ۾ֵʱŶ¶ֻ֪
ǣ˵òŶ
ƣ˵
㲻˵𣿡ԻϫȥˣôԵλ޴
Ϫﻹǻʵ۽Ҫһѵʱϵ飬ǽһ˵
Ƕ˵Ķǳ͢ҪĻܣϫźҶԷһȥԶ˵㣬Ҷ̲סˡ
С㣡ѽū澷ŻΪԼۻǼأ
ţûΪ˻ߵš
ҶȴףǼȻûΪʲôܳǶˣȥ֤һأ
Ϊÿ˶ɼʱȲѵɰɡ
ϫԼ֪ͺãպܳҲظˡ
Ҷá
˵Ǳ߿ҪˡϪü΢ò
ƹ˹ЩģǱ㶯¡
˵ˡ
΢΢ҡͻ˸Լ
Ϫ񣺡ʲôԼ
һǳأһ
Ϫüʲô˼
֮ǰͬ˵ҵʵģûǣʵĶӡ
ʡܳǵǸ
ţƵҸ˻һЩ̰ܻߵ飬ŭˡ
ϪüòԣֻΪϲء
ƣȷʵᡣ˶٣ֵǣ˽ڣ᲻᣿
Ϫ˰˾䣺󡣡
̲ЦЦҳ죬ڣڡٶ졣
Ϫۣ㡭µȥ𣿡
ü䣺ԼӦԼеҲǡ


48

ꡭôһ£
Ƶ˱ˮ, ܳǵĴҴ֪Щ, һһٰɡ
˶٣ĿƺƮ˼Զĵط˲׽, ׽͸
ԬӨҵ, û뵽, ǸĽ֮лܼһ
ϫ۽޲˲빬أ
΢΢һЦô, Ȼ˵ҪǶȻѾ׼ѽ
ϫ𵱳紫Իϵ˸ʮִϻ۵Ļı, ˺üǳء˿, Ϫ˵¡
˵ұҪ˵ġ
ϫΪʲôôҲϵһֻǱƽ, ɻȴǲ֪οڡ
ЦЦ, ǿĵ룬ΪܳԬӨģȻ紫ѾˣûҵʬǾԲɾġҡϢ㣬ǣһ빬ּ֮磬Ͽڹ, ǳ绹ǻġ
ϫ۾һգգǣüΡ
ţ£ʲôʱôû
ǡҡҡͷߴ̽Ϣ, ˲ټȻ˶һ񡣡
΢ɬҡһֱʹٳȥ
һ䣬һĬ˭ûȿڡ
ƺǰһϫǰ̧һִ˴գ벻ѽ
ϫ£ͻĶ
ȴЦļ˵ڵˡ
ţ˵Ѿ뿪ˡ
ָţֻڼ򵥵ѣ⼸һֱڲǼҰЩҲʲôˣȻɱͷ
۽޲˲Ҹ˵ˡ
ĵͷҲⲻһģǻ⼸µĹ;һ
㶣Ϊ㻹Ҫ
ЦΪһ϶Ҫһ˶٣ͷ๼ĸǰҪۡǸ޹ġ
ӣúסƵģ˵ԬӨġ
˵ϾôѪԵϵ
ֱֱ̧ײĺ鶼
ϫҡҡͷƱж񱨣ֽԶס𣬼㲻Ҳˣʱֻ¾ӵԿơ
Ĳ룬үӾȻڻڹʱǣǳʲôıӵŸ
Ǯջ
ưǰ΢ͷȻһ˼˹û˵۾ܺÿ
£ĸÿɡ
ƹ˹ʱ򣬴ӦңԺҪȥˣΪĻһľݽȥġ
˫һɣϫĵ
Һһɡ
ţ۾գգûӦ
ϫ˵Ҹһ𡣡
Цҡҡͷǿս
кβ𣿡˵޸֮пɣΪβУ
ʺΣա
ϫҵȻ֪㲻ҲȥѵȥͲΣˣ
ƿ˿Ц֪µʲô𣿡
ʣʲô
ƵڿɺˣΪǱ߾ͻزˣͿԼϲˣԣҾԻᱣԼģġ
һƣƿԽԽ¾ôˡ
ˣͬˣҲǲͬġ
Ϊ˵¿ǣ˭ֻüⲻҪͬ⣬ǻ֧ҵġҵҸ磬Զҵ뷨ѡ񡣡
ȻʵȴƫǱߣϼʯôкĿԶǸңɱе£ôԣ
ϫ⻰Ÿϼʯǰڱ㱻˻ȥ붼Ҫ룬ȥֵһǾԲУضûС
ΪʲôϫսģΪʲôҾͲУΪ𣿿ǵŮӣ书𣿡
ûпɱԣ֮ϼʯʱûƢģ㼲ɫŮӱ㲻ԣ书ṦΣվǸŮӣڸ˵ҪȥսϺһһɱУõôͬ⣿
ȴû˿Ҫõ˼ĿֱѵŵļǱ㲻Ǻһ𣿡
ϼʯû뵽һ磬էһҭһ˲Щ߳ŭˣǲһ
üʲôһ
ϼʯٲȻû뵽Ĺִ㾿ǳԴʲôҩǰ޲鷳Զ㣬ŴļҲĲ鲻ԸΪνͻȻ
ϼʯʵǰ˼⣬ʼѾͷҲûʲô鰡ͽ˻ʹôͱˣЩеûĲʵʵġ
ϫʱͬգҰɿھΪ£һܱܲҡ
ϼʯҡҡͷ޿ɾҩ㿴һ仰սԣȥɡ

Ϫʱϼʯ㽫鷿ϫ˵һͨĩ˵û취ˣ˵һ䣬ȥȰȰԿ
ϪֻǳĬ˻ᣬƫҪȥȰҲǲõİ㿴ʲôʱҵģ
ϼʯֱǵ룺С˵ʲô˵ѲɻҴӦȥǿðŮӵͶҪˣսЩɱɱĳɺͳԲУ
Ϫӣֱ˵Сͺˣα˵ôࡣ
㲻ȥ޻ǰɣϼʯûģһӱ𣺡Сȥǲȥпոһһĥĥ˵ͰȰˣ
ȥȥȥȥǾѾͷôȰİϪĵ
Ȼ룬ϪҲܺһò׻ָɵӣΪͻȻ
Ϫ书Уӵתͦ죬Ҫ̫ˣȥҲֻǸ尡йء
ҹ˼졣
ûϫϵ
ϪŶ룬ⲽǰֳϷŴ׶ˡ
ţ˵㲻˵Ҳ֪
ϪΪƣ
Ƥǡ
ҿǣ
ϫֱֱȰҵôذɣһԸ˭ҲƲˣ֪ġ
ûϪ˵ô໰ǵ㣬ڵ۵սȥ޻أ
֪۽޲ҲûƶԼһԡ
֣ңƷ鷿뿪Ϫſڵ˵Ѿߡ
Ϫ˺ߵݣסĲǺһЦƣǻطúİ
ҿ㷴Ӧ֪˰
ƵҲûҴţֻǿЦ¡
Ϫ񳤳̾˿ִŵĺܣҺҵȰˣæɡ
΢΢ü鷴Ӧ׽͸
𣺡á
ҹڵÿմæµĹгת۱ϸ
ϪԼѾˣֱӷˡ
һϫҲԤϵĵ
ֻǳԤϵŲͷãûĴ𸴣ĩ͵͵ģ֪˵Լ˵ͷ˵ٹұҪˣҺ𣿡
һƬ
ߺźϫĴһ϶ԶԶȥıӰ
ôǹµɪġ
Ժ
ҹڸ˾ӪפأŸոհ۾һϢ
Ӫһ΢
ţһĨĶ䣬Ľ˽۾ɲǼ䣬˫һ۹ǧ飬Ρ
񡣡
ƣ㲻һˣΪҡ
Ժ
һӱߣŮӳŽ˰һѾŵæǰɡ
ϫԼЬ㲻˵СУҪ
ЦЦţƿ˰ɡ
⻰ո£Զ㴫
ССٶĺ˳УĵȻɩɩҵġ
ϫкȥѡ
УС߳ļ죬Ѿؿˡ
磬·ϪҴ˵ˣɩɩؼסһʱ䡣
ףüǺλ
ţУ˵ô֪ģ
˨ƥߣΪ۹ã׼
ɡ
ЦЦ˵㿴ɩӶá
Уҡҡͷ˵ɩ׷ѽ
꣡ƽŵĿԶԼϱķ򣺡⻰ɱɩˡ
УԹԵıͷ
갡ЦЦû취̫󡣡
ҲšУǳ۾ģ۾￴ķǸ类ɩģɩ㲻
ЦĿȴû˵ʲô
ϱû׷Ҳȥ
ǼȻˣƻôҲҪ˨ߣʲôġ
ƣԶУɩӺ
ܱߴ
˵дɩ׷ĸ磬ĥѣǿ治һܼܵסġ
Ǵ˿̹㣬Ҹ
лҪ˵ľˣҪҪĻҾ͹дˡ




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