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1 
ˣˡ
ʲô
Ѿһǧ˰ɣ
ǵظˣֲ˵ֻôѽңѽҵģղǸͷ
һ԰˸磬˶Ҳϲûйϲ
Ҳǡһ˵Ƚʮ֮ڣͲɢһ꣬ʲôͷ
ˣһĿ˵ɰɣ
ֻһ۹£æ񣺡йٴˡ
йϣ̲ס棬йʣɣĪǿˣỹɣ
йüǽɡ
󾪣ǲţæʣɣỹнɣûˣﻹнɣ
ѽй̾ûˣĻɣǧǰҿǽɹģġ
йʣǧǰʱȲ֪İҰ磬ȼظã˿Ը˵˵ǧǰǺεģ
ǧꡣй˫Ŀãã·ڸ̾ǧָ꣬ˡ
ǧǰ޶𣬲ʱδ䣬ظͷϽ
С죺ظͷϽڣǸ
йֻһۣ·ڿԼֻ˵ΪǺ£ҡҡͷΪΪδڣظΪδڣ
СãȻֻҡͷʣ˴˻Ӧ⣬Ϊǵظȱְˣ˸߼
˻й˵ȴڲظȱظȱǻֻ̫࣬Ϊ֮ˡ
Сһ˵ǼȫˣѲɣȾΪ˶棿
йٵͷСɻ󣺡䣬棬ȫҰظͷϽ࣬ǣ
֮ǣȽ˶棬˲𣬹ظ棬ǻ
䣬ѿʼҡҡ׹ûǿ֧ţ罫˥ܳ棿
СѲɣ绹˥֮գ
й٣ˣˣˣ˻ˣб𣿡
ųͬʥˣҲȫ䣬Σ
Ϳʼ˥磬Ѿ޷֧ˡ
СǽǾ֣˵Ϊش棬Ҳ֮գѲɣΪֱ˥գããΪζ棿
йҡͷǧ꣬زڤ󘶽߳ȴҲݣȲǰͺˣ
СǱصΪۻ
йҡͷֺγǲԸ˥ѵ޿κΰˡ
С˵ѵδһ˥ߣ
йüֲأ֪
СͻȻʣˣ˵ǽǧǰǧǰǺεģ
ڹתͷǽɣǽɰ׷ڤ֮ϣãݼ˥ߣ弸ɿݸ࣬ݣͬ跢ڵظȥæѰңǻ巺⣬ͷ
й˵ǧǰ̬΢ƣ˵Ѱһ

ǽɵظСǾҴǧǰûнɣǰѹ·ʥ˻δ֮ʱѾɽˣСܳܣǧǰԵСʱŲé®סǱһԲöǡ˵˵·岻
˵
й˵˵ҪһԼ֪ǷʵڵĶɲֲֻ꣬ҡǹۣȻڽҲˣҪңκζ٣
СĿɿڴֻйüǽƺԤϻнһ㣬ҪҵǶ˵Ϊֹ˥ߡ
СǽǴ󾪣йټ״ЦʱǷ񲣬˵ģټٺҲβ⻰棬ֹ˥ߣʥ˽䣬кֹ˥ߣ
Сֱʥ˵澡䣿
й٣᲻ǧ֪꣬٣ֻƺ𣬻һλʥδ䡣
Сϲ˵ظоȣȰ֮ظǲģ
йҡͷλʥнᣬȻ뿪磬ԱţҲδ˭Ҳ֪ǰΣҲ֪ȥ˺δȹ֪ο֮£Ψʥ˿УɺԲһֻ֣ʣλδȻ֧Ųʿȥʥˣ˵Ѱʥˣ˵λʥԸǲԸʥ˶Կ֧أ
ڹĬȻǵҲţԶźģܱλʥȫ֧֣زǷʢһλʥˣ¡
й̾˿ƳǽѰң˴ظʮ꣬ʮ꣬ظСǶꡣ
йҲ˲٣ǽɼ˥ߣҲ޷߹ȥ
Ѷǽ˾ռˣֻҴڣѰȥᡣ
йٿֻ˫Ҷָ۹أָȥͣ·Ƿ񲣬һҲͣ
йʣ
ǽɲ·£й֮Ϲ磬㲻
йʣ˿ܣ
ǽָȻͣ٣һͷй٣˫ĿɵôͭᣬĿоѪ˿йо£֪ҪζһǽɺĴһǿ
޵ñݣйٲ̣ʣΪζ
ǽ˻ƣʵƶƶ˵ܡ֣Ȼģƶʮ꣬һ䡮ܡȻǰ
йٴ󾪣ˣС֪أһ仰ǰˣСã𷣣
ǽɰ֣ˣƶظǴţ̣᱾֮ˣ㡾ְأкδ
йǽɾһţǰ·һ꣬˫Ŀ޹ʣƿ£ͬʣˣǧǰС˵Ѱֲ˵β˵һѰң
ǽɶҡͷƶ˵Ѱˣǲڣƶ롣
й٣˺β˵ޣ˵벻˵ϣ
ǽ̾˿úſڣй١
ڡ
ظʱգ
й٣Ȼһǧʮꡣ
ǽʣвѰ֮£
йü˼ãĺһеģ
ǽɿ˵
й˵һǣӲѰ
ǽ˫Ŀһ˿ʣβѰ
й˵ǻǣÿʮһͶһ̥׼ʱ
ʣ׼ʱˣк쳣
й٣ǻÿʮһ꣬٣µǲѰǻȴǲȫġй˵ǻǳɵ
æʣǻˣжˣ
йҡͷȲ֪Ƚղž죬ǻǣȴǲɵˣȥ鵵һǵҲδصͷǻֻأѲ֪˼ޣ
ǽϢһ룬ָһ㣬ϲȻˣȻˣ
˵ߣҲй٣ȥҪǻϡ
йټҴҼּҴȥ˼䣬ǽߵһ̣йټǽɢˡ
й룺ǰޣ֪ܷԸһԸδɱ䣬񲻴󱯣ᵱҪȥó˺¡
йҲȥ˼䡣
ǧδ˼䣬ģ䣬¥ãˮӦӲϾ˼ͣͣңһ£ڿǽɡ
ǽȻȫɢֻһڿվš
ǰһˣͷ֪ڿһһվȻ
йټ˹ǻǣʮˣԼֵظˣǽֻһԲվ¶⡣
й̾˴Ƿҵ
ɵͷֱҵҲ޼£ƶȣʹڣҲ
йʣСǳ֪Ƿ
ǽɿ뵽ʲôæڣȥظ
ҪӺãҵظ֮дһǣΪ֮ǰƷ󱦣ã
ǽɼ£
йһ٣Ҳ˲ȥá
ǽ翣ֻã΢ţйٸϽȥֻԼԼ񡯶֣δǽȻ䣬ɢ
й̾˿ԱֿкӣٿǶʮһһصĻǣǡ񡯣ڤڤз·֮
ں֮ڣȫһȣ֮ǵ֮飬ȻſۣٵתʱȻŤ
úйٵڵϣ˼ãã죬ѾΣ컯գ
лҪ˵
¡̫ȳƺΪԭҲãҲˣôôա


Ͼ˵çç


2 
Ͽ죬壬ɢܲ
ü࣬Ⱥջڵ⣬١Ȼ˼üŪۣ̥
ǵ󣬹˺Ⱥ֣ϥ¹һˡ
Ů槼Ը꣡
槼Ѳʯϣ촽ҼȸƾŮﲨתͷ̧δ̧оſףδ𸴣̲סֱ̧
һԾ񡢷ʣüۼ֣һ˿ɫ֮ǵʫ֮ˣĪݺ
ȻŮΪʥˣǷǣѽ⣬ﲻһ֪Ǻǰסȫ
ǵĬ槼ֽڣŮ槼Ը꣡
ɫԱ䣬ֱ槼
Ѵ±͵͵ԼֲΣòƵʵ
Խˣ
һ
Ϊһͷѧԣò׵óԸ˱¼ȡרҵԼϲʷרҵûüЦһգ۾ͿŹװƯӹǰ
ûгûҲûϷôգԽˣ
һҲѧ
ǸֶܵѵҲǴԽԭ
ʲôԭƯֱֱĿԳ槼ëȻòǸɣֻƻͳͰɽġ
֪槼ǲǻ˺оӵǸ槼ǵĻǲǲҾ徣Ҫ
ΪһǺ¿ֳɳĸ۶ĺúӣʲô⽨šţ񣬶槼ֹ״̬ﶼƭ˵ġô
ع槼òĿӯӯۣһ㼴죬۲ԶüһƮ￴紺ɽš欣ϸӨףһλɫ㡢òˣ
Ҳ
һ뵽λˣԭֻë׵ĺ꣬ҲǺǣ
ʷ槼ǴڵģҰο
ԣôħ֡ɵãǺ˶׫񻰽ʷ죬ԾѺ˰ˡ
槼˲²⣬ͰɽΪȻӢսĲ˵ã汸ľľʢһŮӣ£ܽɽֱ̫
Ǵǿ·Ͳɹ񣬵ôħػʮ꣬һӰû
˵ʷ̻ǣ˵޴ʧԴ榣ʢǰܣȫԹɱɣĪСһ䡮鳼ƻʥǳ޹ܺˣ
˼ǵ´Ȩڵ޵ʩȻߴ硢鳼ҳҵУ
˵鳼ֻ˵ҳӣֻһ࡯죬Ҳʦˡ
ܿܣ˵Ҳա
˵槼пܲΪ˱ǲʲô̫°ɣΪɫרҪ槼ҪһĪˣֱ̫ˣУǵסҹаգ
槼һľڣɹջ
槼ϲֻӯӯźع
ңǽŤ黨ľӣѵıȷʵԼģֱһ
ѵô˥ԽˣҪ֪ҲʮˣղŹҿǺ޷ֻܵóһۣһģһ
ңҲ
ֻ˵һ£槼ȷʵ
Ȼ槼ڳŮӦڼݵսƷʷ槼ʱѾͲʮˣӣֻҰʷ槼֮ʱʢꡭ
ʷҲɾţԼĸ첲Ǳ˵սô˵Ҳӡðɣزûһ㣬ҲǸԴֱ䡢Ĳ˵õĺƤ
ǲʷܲţ槼ųʵһһУдôƣѲɣдħ񣬲ģʷΪġֹɿֻţŴûʲôħ֮ģ˵ܳɾõĹ涨òӦĳʵ
ܵսòģ˵ҰʷС˵ǽ¶࣬زòЩпյĴʵ򣬺ʱȥ
رǣʷĵ֮һ
ڸո˾槼ˣȻ槼ջټһ˵֪Ҫ͸ʲôʱб˲֪ôĶ֪
ĬĬĶ˯һҹĲĪĴȥڲ
ֻһͷ
ΪҲܵοǸõ槼ŷȣɱ÷ݣȡģ佫ڣ
ȫûעѾϳʱ䣬˲ѣȺڵǰѴüȻȴ
ʵҲֲأȫƽձԣһҴֳۣɽ꣬ң糯ʱ㣬ظոնȹѵĸ߿˯ոմԽû֪ʲôʱȥϳ
Լ·ӵ׼ݳһȥϳʱսսĹǰֿ̿ڣ£糯ʱ
أΪʲôңҪ
˵עҪűɳɫĻˣϾո槼
һ첻ȥҲôҪҪ֪²ϳų£ϽµÿظɵĴʱ䣬һԵù˴ڹ䡣
ȥµϳķλߣժ¥ûа룺ժ¥һܽ˲ƣִ֮ȫϣҲ
ĬĬ෽λ·Ҫȥﶼ֪Ҫ¶ڡ
֪Ѿһ죬ûȥǺһ⣬ҪķλѾˡ
ʱɽ鳲ؼ裬ϼŨޣȥ׼ʳ첲Ҫص۹
ʱͻȻһ
ӣ͵µĵ۷ı
ޱתʹˣûʲô
ãȻҡͷ
ӣڴ˴
ʣ𣿡
˻̿޴ҡͷ
ĬĬͷ˿ԼϹŵķ顭
Ӿֱӹ£
ǳ鴤
ѲɣԲļһǡ𣡣
лҪ˵
ںöСʹʣͳһһ ޡʣͳһųޣ֮ǰͨҲãǴԽ̳Ǿ ֣ôô~


3 
ղ⳼մ빬ǡ
ݳࣺδҵȾ߲ñţɹҹҹ裬Ѵ˲֪ʧɽذ槼Ǵ帾֣֮
ϡܰ칬ɫ䣬Ϊ֮˾߲ԣƬ̺Ըͣ˵ǣ槼ѽգȴйݼΪѳ󲻾֮
ɫŭΪй֮ȰɱǱ𣡡
漴Яݵ۹
󲢲ɹŪ槼槼δȥɹ㷢ѣҲһС
һڣɲɣ˿̾槼ڵ۹ᣬԶԶһʧ꣡
槼òɣƽ̨ԶԶȥһԽͯŮˣҲ֪槼кղľȻ˺ü꣬ȣ˸Ƶģ
ԭȵü꣬ҵ´ò˥ͬأޣĸӣгƣϢͨȴֻѹǷ
֪뷨һӸͣ˸ˣĻ˸ˣǶϹ
ûϳȫ鲫ڵȷδʧΪ֮ˣΪ飬ȴδؾͲ㱻ɵ
ǽ벻ѣӣƻֺ꣬·һ̾Ҫڳأػ򱧱ԣԲܰͷ͡
ǿŽǴ˸ŪˤôҲȡ¡á
Σƣֻܲܲ˵ڴϡ
Ҳ˺þãںҴܶĴߣ𣬷ôҲŽ飬˼죬ҪЭ
²ŭˣ
ѲǸͨ࣬粻ֲܿѧԣŻ֮Ķ֣Щɢ־־ĥüɾ˿ҲޣǸӺһѵģ
ϸˣᣬҲ֪ʩʲôԼͷˣɡŮ̫ྡΪ£⵽ʲôа
Ҫ˵ȴúܣԼԺεҲ֪Ǹʲô
Լڵȡˤֲȣȴ˿κβˣ˲Լ
໥κβˣֻݷŸɸꡣ
Ⱥѣڽڱֻõ޿յ·ѲڣϹ⾲ʣǰε֪ʱ壬ȻҴҡ䣬ڶջƻ֮ʱһгѣۣһָԼ¡ֲɾ䡣
㣡ˣ
ͷһԼ֪ʱ壡³أȴܿòţ˵ˣָտɴ
һӲ֮࣬üۼɷǽ˶̬֮£ûһ˿ƣҲ֪˳νؿ
ҲĪΪ崩ԽȻһģһ뵽ȻҲƣѵ˵Ϲ
״ЦڳϦ
ȴ侲Ƴһۣ˵޶˴󻰣زȥֻԹԵѰҷ䣬֪Ҫζ̲סʵҪҺ
˵ҳһǱʵػȴüü֣ߴֲڷƣǿϣȻѸʰҡ
ףҪܣ
Ϊ˭뵱ʵۣ̬䵭жʮˣ槼żŰɱӣķժ¥ϣ
ŭݵú˵Ļɥ֮£ҳҵ˵;ҹµ
Ųš
زһӡ
ҹڷߣͷ˲ۣߴ˼ѰϸȫޱȵͥŲ˼Ըΰݣǣڿ񺹣ΪԼ֪·ߣԭΪԼֻý˥ȥ뵽ȻڣȻֻʣ˸塣
ֻҪĵط֪ҡڴӾżߣ·첢ûжС̫࣡
عҪӳȥ˼Щļ
Ҫˣô죿ҲãҲֲˣһ޾ʹã
أһ㲻ҷȥģҪ˵ٱ鰡
ڶĽɽ£ûκιϵָ˾Ըǡ
ţĸܲȥﶼңڣʡ
иǧ䷴ȴҲòͷˡ
غ޶ݣߡЦһո˵ҪҪˣһõľ
ţȹ³ټӾƽòã
ͣʵϷԣ
زʳԣ
üðɣǺúһ¡
ȻƵĻȥˡ
֪Ϊʲôһֱˣ˵Ĵ
ȻӵĵлǲģûظûҪҲڳʲôҲ˽⣬ͷħڶ࣬һСľͻңǸͨ࣬ʲôܶûУڹء
ĻС˵̻ǣĻţĵ˻·͸槼ô˸³˿ɲһΡ
ôӳ顣
ĽȰ槼йһơ
槼ĺܣ˵ᱻ槼ԵߵƴӣȻ̰ɫҲûкͿΪһŮӶͽɽĵز
ɫ㡣槼ĵһֿۡڣȴǹĽ֮ò
˵ԶԶԣ𽱦ʾǳױϲ˵ıã
ȴĪ⣬槼굱ݡ
槼Ĳ鲻ԸĶԽ˸ȴѽͷò׵ôټ£ܲ
槼Ҳʹ˻ɹҹҹ裬󣬾û⼱ɫ֡ɲһ㣬ǧľβȻɣûԼҽ֮ͨŮ͵һ߻֣ǷΪɫʱµһgħħΪŮ洵һͶȴ粻òãȴʥѪ棬սŮ֮ʱĴ󹦵£Ϥ컯ճһƷҲԻ󣬲֪ģⷲ˵˿Ӱ죿
ң߻ҪΪ槼ֻһǧʮɼԦ귨ǽƣò׵ټ⽪һţܲ


4 
õƶʣ丸Ұģ槼һ
˵ԭͶԽпֲôģ˼ҺôҲӣҲҡ
صȻĺͲǷǺ󹬺ദ¶ˣЦ޹ǻϲ
ɫתһ槼ھԡ
槼ȴð̣ɫ˥֮òúõĴ˲裬ѲϹ
թֱףô槼˿̾뽪Ͼˣʲôĸ¡ֻ֮һҪǽϱȥ
òΣ˿֫ϸŤ浣ˣ·ͣ槼Ը׸һ֧Թǲ
أ׼
槼̬֮òȴҲʮܣаЦ槼ͼ١ɧŪסЦ蹩ǲ뱰죡Ǹϲ̨ļŮˡ
ƫԶݺջǸıȫޡç򣬴źԣ·˽дʫɵġ̡ʵޱɱ컯槼òҰ·һջ̵ĺŮֱײֺǣҲɫˣͼʰˡ
槼ǵͷӯӯһЦʾ
̴ľ槼裬ɫ䡣
槼֫ᣬ翣ƣ϶£Ůü۰̬ͣ欣һһЦһһֱ˼
槼裬Ǵ߶ɫ֣裬ֻ̫ྡߵɫң龡ǲЦ򱯣ϲŭһ˼̬
槼ѪֻǾɫһǳ槼з
˵ɹԶܹƻпԭʱ˿̣Ǿǰʮ߶ⷨԻֱ֮һɢ
槼ǴʥˣҲɵس֮۲͸ǰסǳֻ죬˿ߵ͡槼оκˣֻŮ赭д˸ģĪʲôɣ
槼п࣬޷Ů֤һǧСֹ²Ž£Ůɽ֮֮ȴ槼Ȼףϣȴδ뵽ɫԻ󣬶Ⱥŭ󷢡
üţ˿˼ˣԣȥԶɫԶĶǿ壬˼ȡڵ۹޸裬񳯳֮ңԾڴˣ
漴лˣݻع
ĬĬЦӲҲˡ
أģʲôͿ𣿶㲻ҲͷҪ
ŭˣƬ̲̣Ϊעˣֱɱ֮
أʲôʲôԹǷް
槼ˣĬĬվһԣǾԻֻѰϸﰲȴһ˿һǡ
ؾ槼е֣ȫȻ費ֱһµޣֲϲ
ŮǹԾ
أȻ
ǽصйͭӳԼģͭϵȽ˾Ĵĥ⻬ܿϸĩɹ۷˿˫ĿտããȥǾ棬۾֮ˣָ΢βϸĩ˿˿·ɫҲȻɫ˥ƣ˫ĿԳһ˿⣬й
ţ˫ȭһգһ佫ͭڵأžһƬùַ̿أɪɪ
Ͻȭ˺ҧڣˣīź򣡡
ա
۷ڰбĿͻһӹģһ
ʣʲô
ңȺʥ
طŵòãҲûгٵ׼ȥ
صǵٹٳظףһȥٹٳλة౧ࣺºιղѳ٣ݼޱ飬ֵͷࣺºˮֻȫ޶ģԽɽΪأĪҼŪ´²ã
ףةǡ
ͷؼ˹ģݡȸɶ˴ӣϬֱ¶ͷ
̫౧һ£̯¹ıעλة仹кࣿ
ٹٶݣ۷׷ף͵͵̧뿴ıǲǻˣ
أȻˣǲϹ
ʵ֤ٹٽϹֻýմ̬˹죬թ޳ٹٽı
ֻһԱࣺ£бࡣ
һѣƥ÷¶Ÿɡ
ȴֻüԵ£
÷һ£״ܵԴһʱòϰߣһɳ治ɫ쿪ڣ£槼Һ󹬣ԻʥϣŪ壬˴ǷǣСʧ󣡡
΢УȣԺν⣿ȴ֪
ȺĪһ²֪Ƕ֪
ǴǼʹļף·槼Ϊԭջƭд·ʫ̨£δ룬ֻһ槼裬Ȼ㯣
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׵Ĳֹ÷һˣ΢΢üֻǿ񣺡÷Թ¶˼ɻࣿ
֮͢Ī죬ֻյ粻ԣƲ˼ǰ󣬾ĪԾиھ
ʱ£ɽһʿлҪ£ּ⣡
÷һͲˣ˶ܼұΪۣѷоʲô߰ʿʿ
÷ʧ䣬ȴԼղűʽĳƪۡ
һ۷Ź⡢ȣдϲˣɸ˼
Ⱥǣ¾˳ѲɱҪڲˣȥˣ


5 
ȺֻءС˳ҪԼǵˡ˼ǵʲôƭʿ¹ȥɱ˴̿ȡʥ
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ǵ˴ӾżⲽУƮƮɣֻ˸ף˫Ŀһ侹һĨ⡣
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еȴض߾ǲѲɶ¹ҵ޵ȥˣ겻
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ʥһУ˳Ӧ
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Ǳ
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˼Ƭ̣ʣк
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ͨĻϲЦլʺΪ֮ǽҪձزܳɣ˼ºѭ򽥽ƶϸϸ


6 
ǵˣٽйδסڵŵʱΪ֮±
ֳ꣬ݵ۹ңշţסǽЦ
ؿ׬ˣ˽һɽɱ֮ľϰٱҽʴ⣬ֻγŷ⽣槼ʲôľҪ槼οⱦ
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ڳ֮ϣةࡢ÷˵ǵȶ¡󲻾֮αǰ
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ѡ٣ȴ־ʹ˴סһδá
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7 
һɹ槼ţԴӵ꣬ٲ槼,ֻѰŮӣҿ
ǹԾͨԣģҲȻ֮£ֻѰӣЦ̣󷽣ֲѧ˼ǣֺ̬״Ҳмֿɰ
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槼һèɣèͨѩףèͫһһֹɰ槼֡ҩѲѣ裬˵һʳ׽¶ȫȻܶ¶ˡ
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ͽȻ˴ѣ槼絶ʣͼ壬Գ֮ɫޣҩȻ֮Ҙɣŭǹ𣺡澣Ҷ
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ϣңɫ䡣


8 
¿²򵥡
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9 
ŭ˵֮𣬴èε£
أܲܲ˵أ
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槼һ滨ľУʬ׷УʧǣֻɹѰһء
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ҡͷ槼ΪҲǧΪ꣬ȴûаɱңΪֹ޴
Ľ꣺˸֮ʣɱɱ󻼣㶨Ų֣ʱߣ֪ܲȥɹ槼
ĬĬ²ۣ˵Ҫȥ˼ɵ˵㲻ǣԶơʱйҲ槼Ҽ˭ҰͲﲻȥɣ̵˯һأ
ĬƬ̣̫ˣȫ壬ɱ槼
ذڰ֣˵ʱ䣬һͷ
槼ɱ
תͷһֻһ˴ǽ棬˳ߣ˭
Ȼӣͨ
ǫ񣺡
ǵ΢΢ͷȴ¶ãֻ˵Ҫ
ʣ槼Ϊɱã
ͨЦҡͷй¶δɱãҲɱˣǿֻ
ֻŪ飬вãֻǵһһ˫۾ֱ
һ嶼÷ֻǵ˿ڣ㱾֪£ģ֪Ǹǻ
Ƥһֻǿ͸ȥ̽ʵ֪ݣ
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سĬƬ̷ſڣл
ͨףڵ۹һȦȫ壬೤ýʵ壬˸ɫ飬ճ꣬Ư벻ֻأȴȻ
֣˵Ϊʩ
߹ȥ
Ϊһ꣬Ӧҹҹʱʱ̿벻أֻǵһ֣ǰ̤ȥȴͻȻһ𣬻ԭöֻԽԽԶӰ𽻴Ӱ߲ʡƻ棬ǵһá
ҹɫīͽأ飬˫̤ڵϣֻؾ߼ţĬա
ͨʳָָգüһ㣬һ飡
ֻ˿ʥһ˷ӿȿֲֺⷲ˻ǣĪҲӡ
ػˬߣ·߽ͨͨϴֻۣһ˫ƺǬһѱ˽ȥ
˺ˣ
ء
Ӻδ
˫һһϣҡҴӡ
һڣֻͨѹѹɷʮϣʱ죬ǧʱƣһԱˣϽ˹ȥסأ֮𡪡
Ȼֹͣ
ѣ˫ĿһֻԼסϢһɿ
ز֪£ΪĪҪҪʣֻǵɫ԰ףһ˿ѪȻǾɡ֮࣡
ش󾪣æȥεĪǴ˷գΪ֮Ҳ
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ԽΣ˱ȲǰСϢȶʣ޵꣬ᵱΣ
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ͨһȻ򣬴ǰΪ±ȴδ뾹ȻԽԽһָһ㣬̽ʵӶˣʱ˿Ȼԭʥ֮Ҳһ
հհգ٣Ƕ㲻ģ
ͨͻȻһͫ΢ʣӺζ
һǽնèҩ䷽һݣΪɻ𣺡Ϊºҩճè󣬲ù
ͨ죺󹬶ã
ü顢ֵΪ޶УҩѲк֮Ч
ͨͷӦˣ˻Ӧڶ
ػͷ뿴Ӧ֪һͷӰޣѵ飿ˣⲻǺеֶԭ̳ˣ֪Ϣôҧгأ
ͨ˻˻Ϊءĳ֮ʱͩĳĪ˴˻һƬ棬˰ʱ˺꣬һг
δ̹֮Ѫ䣬⻨ţ̬ѱ䣬Чȴδ
޳ľϣϣܡʥб
ͨһΪͽȻϽջطιϯУ΢һ𶯣巽ʥ˾ۡ
ͨˡ
֮ͨΪѲ塢̫λʥ֮¡
۹ֻȥ٣Ҳ֣־ɹȻңڣãվס˵˸ɻ֮¡
ֻĬһҹ޻
شõۣ׼ϳͷͻ֮ؿųʵ˻ţ
һ˿޸ڵأ£


10 
֮չŹ֣ɫѣгɫ
Բ֪󹬳˺£ֻ࣬һһԴȴĲɣ졣
Ⱥǣȴʣִ˽Σ򲻿·ǰ̾
ֻ³Ʒɻڣ
ƷɻУ֪£ߵ״ĩڣ
ȺֹֻƬ̺̾䣬ҽ˳
ȸɳУ£񷨲ϣ
ȸԳ˸ͣݳ˼Ƭ̣£ǳʲô£
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䣬Ⱥ׷ƽƷɻεѱʹޣ
׷ףԲ֪ȥֻɫҰףڡ
Ʒɻһͬļ簲οڰ
Ʒɻ£׳꣬ζ
ú󣬱¿ڣȥɡ
Ʒɻƿ鲼һֻֽɫڰף˫۽գӲּȫ¾ǽˣȻڷ
ؿڣɱȭţд򶷺ۼɱ˹Ӧ֮ϣµףðĿ
Ʒɻȭͷգ͵ͱ̾û뵽Ӳһô࣬ϣλĹĽܲģ˹ƻ󣬷衣
ʱй˴£ɹڳһѪ
˫һУѪѪ֮˴˫ֱǴ֮ˣ£
ڽ֮֮뱻ϵƷɻ赶Ū֮ˣɨ棬ֲ鿴ϵ˿ڣԱѪһǺϣʱ絶ʣҧгݣǹˣɹסˣ
ǹ˴
ƷɻĿ绷ջʫְڴ飬ȴŮף˶𱨣
أδˮʯ԰ꡣ
Ʒɻֻʱѹº⡣
俴ڽˣǺˣѷжȥɹڽΪ϶ɹ˵
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ƷɻŲɣȴЦһøݵŮڻԣ¹ۻʬףӲѾãѶΪʱʱ槼ɹè˽˱ף
ǹУ槼ƴӣʬδȴƫ̻
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رΪһȥֹ֪ǹŮ֮󣬾ĻһѪǵⲻƫУֱֱ̽࣡
˶ʱɹѪ죬ŮأѪֹ
£
߾ǹ˾ֻץסƷɻֱۣɫ԰ףһ˫۶²򵥣㡭ĪС֮ԣƻģ¶ҳġ
δϣͻȻ͵ȥ
Ʒɻһѽ§סȥ̫ҽ
վĺСŭһ֪Ǵӵؽݣ屻˴վƬ̣ڹ߽
̫ҽæǰæ󣬸ʩҩŪľսСźڴϣ˫Ŀգɫ
ʱͨιΪһۿ裬㲻֪ˡ
ͷؼˣʣֱŮѪ⣬ԭЩС˲Ϊ壬ҲһεȻͬǸոձʥȫδȫڣѪһʧȫ֮ԳߣϢ΢
̫ҽֻ΢Ϊּ̬֮ɫƣֻóۣ͹ȣ農Ϣ֮ҩ
ƷɻΪ⳼ں󹬾вʣԴУȫĴ˿ֳ£а˼ϣ˹ȥ
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Ϊһ֮ĸޣԲѣΣأùչˣΪȻֻͬһ£ɹ槼ɱı£ѸѺ͵ش
±ʣγԣδΪ֣ɱ߽ϣδ̫ޱ˱¹Ҳɹˡ
𣺡Ϊ槼ƻĴƫ̻±̣ǹڳƳΪŮ֪ȻǴŮɱ˻ֿڳɹڳ槼ɱ˵˽Ȳ룬槼ɱ˷ϴɣҺ֮Ψ槼Թ
˻Ȼ򣬽Գƣʥ
ʣ槼ôʢ裬նɱ槼Ҫ
𣺡Ϊ槼ԻѾãֱ槼צΪȥ槼Ыˣ˼Ȼù͡Ҵǿ׳槼£ˣȻƽŪʥ壬Իʥ˥Ŀ˸׳꣬һС˻ѵ֪̫ҽϡ˼ʺ󱯱̫̾ס
˻߽ľսѲɡ
ּǿ񣺡ࡣ
˵ȴ󻰣ŪĻ̻̣»Բѣ޿֡ⲻ֪йһ˿
䶢סλ棬ȻֻҸϷʱüʱˣһ£ƣֻЦһ˳ȥ
һߣ槼ѺһϮɢڵأ䣬޲ɷ̴ӽԲֻ槼һһ˫絶ƽϣα̬йǣ
䣬вȻأءһ룬Ϣȣȵ槼


11 
槼һŮ裬ŮŶգǶıͨɡ࣬½жȣԲϵ槼мӡ
ԵһѣͨϢݣͨһŪ֮ˣֺطߣƤʳģڡ
⹬һֻعŮҲֻ㣬Ҳֲǡ
ͷǧǧԹ겻Ͷ̥߲й󣬽մΪ塣
зɶ˻ˣԱøɢֻ΢㲻亦
Թ޽裬ĸҽ֮ͨΪֱ֣иգɴʹ֪̫ࡣ
ǰŭ˿ϧ˸ѿǡ
Ӵ֮˸ˡ
ˡ˵ôһ·ңӵǳ˸մ
ǰȥһӡ
﹬̫࣬ƽ׶˸ˣģģû׷ףֳ಻ʣ˵²Ҳ٣ۣƽƽȣûȥ²
żˣ˵˵£ƽ޶£һɵòϰ仯ûйǸ㣬Ϊй֮ϧֺ
ﶼɣı֮ǷǸ㣿
ǧѧʶвıһ֣Զʵʱʵı飬֫塢ζȫȨϣױȵϸ츳ֻǧࡣ
ѾԼԭģˡ
·Ǽǵԭڶ³ģʱǣңǣһǣңֹˮйƣ˽Ҳԭģˡ
ˣǳʺϴڹŮأֻһ۾ܿŮѰվڻ֮ϣҺܿܳԻʺ֮֡
ûиôһˣֻҪ˿̬òϰ߾ܿʼɣһ¾Ѿȷ˳Զ³ȷǻʺ֮ˡ
ȥһڻкĿģҲҪ֪ϵ̫࣬ٶҲΪıˡ
ǸŮûлɣʵ̫ˣʺϵһŮ˼Сһսĥ£ԲʺϹ룬λˣ
ıͣս˸ҩǸҩգȴж֮Чнڻƽ¡
̫࣬Ȼϡƽ
ǰ֮ͬ¡
ֲͬλ˺ܴȽҪұȲϽҲ޿֮ˣվֻΪΡ
ŮӽԾ˥ϣҲ޷ܾǸҩ
ܶϤÿһ˵ģÿһ˵̬ǵжϣ䵭Ϊ
̴ӱΪӹ㺦㺦ˣݲóɣǣվĵ
Ϊнţ졣
һ죬ײܣȻع˸¹
Թ󣬲ϧֻﲻҲڣܰεøá
ȥͶ̥ȴôҲ⹬ǣ⹬ĿεԹǻò¨Ѫ죬籯ԹҲңټԹ죬̸Ц糣ƵԹĹȥȥǺ޲еĲúҲԹ꣬еĿǰͶ̥ȥˡ
룬ΪڴˣҶԽԹ֪дһգΪγ±ڴˣͶ̥
룬ھȵķ֣Ȼ֪ԼΪζ
ҵ׿ʲôű˿ڣ
֣벻ˣֻ벻
ԣһֻҪ֪ҾͶ̥ת
ڽǰӣҿһ֮ĸΪ塣
꣬Ǳ꣬ЩԹ˴εԽԽ࣬ԹҲԽԽԽԽ٣ٵֻʣһֻꡣ
徹ȻԽԽأԽԽأֱ죬槼ȫʵ塣
槼ĹŮλӣ槼ʣǺˣ
𣺡ū衣
槼Цһ׽Ů
踩ڵأͷʯذϡۿۡ죬£Ǽⶥڵϣѿ¶Ц⣺л
ǵأūһҲ׽
ˣֻλ˿Դӽ槼ΨһĿꡣ
͵ҩ槼أʲôأһøӾ춯أ
ҩŲæ۽һֱס槼ֻè
èĸӦ߻ӡֻèѰèͬѰ˲ͬ˫̽ˮҲźˮҲȥ
ϲèèˣΣ
ҩǶҩȴǾ֮ҩȻŮŪèɣڻ¡
һðִèҩȻܳ˳Ż鵽㣬齪
û뵽ǻȻˣȻô硣
Ҳǻˣع˼룬ߣȻһȥй˿ΪҲ˶֮ŮŪƣǲϸؿɲʡ͵ĵơ
費֪αɱ˹Ůй˶ΣһѪ֪й
槼Ҳ֪ͬαɱһһ֪֮
һһԲ֪Էϸֳһ¡
槼Ѻйӳ
ԣ槼ûͶ̥֮ǰ槼
Į˿Ѱֻȥ۹
Ⱦɣ
ڵ۹ǰݴռճӰӣӰһһŵĺ
ū澣ū澴־ʥݣһūɲͣ𵶾Ϳ
һֻÿһƤһգȻ磬ʱѿ⵨Ĺֻ޹
۹谵޷Զһӵ飬ȴһ㡣
˭
ſڣƽ߸ϵĵŴ˹
ֻһۣŽڻƤ̳ɵĵ̺ϣͷֱʥգֻһذ֬Ľţͷڵϣ£ﱻѺйҪ͵ش
оһͬһȵҪսıƬ̺˿Ϊ˴ȥ¾
亹ȥңң˵һۣ谵УԼԼվһˣһͬӵľսϢˣ
գգۣƺֲˡ
һǿ˰ɣΪŮйٺεﲻһˡ
ۣһü̫ҽ굱Ϣ
أ㲻˵Ҫץѱô¸ȥ¹ػƷɻ֮ã
ɵ
ҡͷĹƼҽֻСӡ
ĿѣǷ񣿡
ؿᡣ
Σʣ֪չǷ񣿡
ش𣺡ǡ
Ϊʣֻ֪ǳһ˵ȥйɡ
ظϵйڣ槼͵ش
æס֣
ü֮ʱ槼ȹ۸߸߹Ѿ¶ˡë׵βͣ


12 
Ŀɿڴ˶βͲ֪Ǻãβ¶һСë׵Ŀָкܺá

ӦʱһԹһѱס槼˿̶һĹŮΪֽ٣󱳵סްֲףֻ槼һϸ֮ʱﻹʲôβͣ
й˽Ժ޷ӦȻû˼ע槼ƨɣһֵĿŴͷŭĵ
Ƴһ裬ŽŭµĻ𣿽ϣ㿴£浱ˣһһģ˷ˣ˵˺λ㣬ǽй˽Կּ£Ӧȫ
ңһݴأͷҪйذ顣
ؽԲᣬǰһƽɫ԰׵Ľһһ俪ڣϣǺξģ
һɫҪΪ槼Ƴ𣿳ֻΪ˴
ϣΪ˹£˵Ϊ˹£ε֮ʱй޼ɵĿµּô𣿡
Ƴˣʣ槼˺£նࣿ㣡ָһˣػ˵ʵ㲻
أøƵģͷתֲ壺ءر£󡭡˵ɱ˻
Цһʣϣ˵槼ɱ˻֤ݣ
һ𣺡£ԹߣΨ槼ֻǻɡ
ɣɾɱ˹µĺôȨ¶Ҫ֤ݣ
ɫѿɫ԰ףϢһϣƬ޻˵
ʱ槼ǹŮ£ūлҪ˵
һ£ǹŮһ̧ۣĪľֻأ˵
ū澶롭ǹŮĵĻţﲢڴ˵ء
󾪵ڵϣǹŮڣ澣Ϊڱ
ū澲Һ˵ǹŮڵأūֻǲ룬ΪڷɱαؼһʱɣɹǻŮɣȻ˵ģʻֺ֣Ծֱū澶룬Ȼǻʲô˼ڣǡ
ۣȻֹأˣȡŨҾ
һãȻ֪ʱҪãȴֻհ졣
˾йϣϺùƷǳϾƣ˱Ѭͷת־ÿϧҪѰǮɹһ˺üãҲ֪·ʲô裬ȻôƳʲ
ҲǣôǴ֮ᷢޣֵ´Ϊ֮Ůӵ򣬶³ʦ̫ʦٳ裬ݺεô÷䣿
˼죬ոձʻ˸¯ֺתѩأһ´ɱͷһ־䣬Ǵˣ·ֻű׼ѻʺѹǣ
ɻ˲֮ʱһ˺ĳھǴһǾ޴룡
Ǵһʧ꣡
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󡣡˹Ŀ۽ϣ
ʧǵ߹ȥʣ˴Ѫǻɱ£
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棬槼˽Ŀɿڴ˴Ѫɱ֮£ӡҲ㣬֪ʱúεȲң
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˫ĿѣĿоǲţҩأ֪Ч߾ڸϽ֮أ֪٣ջö֪֪
ش˻һһ𾪣槼˽Բš
槼ȻĿ¶׹⣬ԭҩ֮ҩԽ֣֮Ǻ֮ˣǽˣ
צ֣ıһֻһ˫ۣ֮ҡͷ
һֻ϶ȱ¾ϡ
Ȼʧˣֻ¿ڣϹ乬Ϻ󣡡
槼صɹҧгݣ֮ǵýϳɣ˵ϺȻϺ¹ش󣬵þֵƳϴʱǣһҲδ٣˿ܽ槼ͷֻޣ
槼ѱݣһļͣ໥ı槼׶ཻ˵˽ūһƣɳ󣬵ū澡
һһı£ʱ볯ַϺһ¡
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µģֱӴϣֲڿ֪
صȻܻĻȻ񾭴ңﷴӦһ²޻˵ϾӣҶֵ÷Ŷϣ
ϺһҸ£۲ݣ˵԰ţһ槼ϸﰲο
ظˣڲ̫꣬ΪĪоıʲô߰¡
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һǽĴֱֱأ˫Ŀѣֻ槼ǰǽ槼Ŀһ磬Ǵ̿ͱ㱻ѹڵأ
գ
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ؼͷ­ץһʣǺˣ
Ǵ̿һҺ¶м˽ʢ槼ޣݣɱ㣬նȻɱ㣡
˫һУһԷ·Źȵ槼˽ͻأϼӹסǴ̿ͣǳ
ٹٽԲ֪˺ʱֻжһ˿ڣȸɳС
Ź԰Ϣץһ̿͡
ߵڵأĩݲҹĩҽֵأ
һۣ
ظҿ϶һ϶ǼϸҲ˵Ŵ̿ͽһ£ƷɻĴҽע⣬Ҫ֪ƷɻǱ˼ģóȥ
شŭõ
һ֣ΪԼϸݱ֪һüΣһɥڣ£ĩĹԩ
һ⻰ܲԾעºȵҽƱ磡
ǻΪ¶Ƹۣͳذشȥ
ĳԼɹ佫Թݣһʱһţ
λƷɻûзһ־ͽǻѹ£ڵأذףͷĩϣδҽг棬ϳͣ
űξϣ룬ƽؿˣ棬¸ով̿ͣѰĻ֮ƽõһ
ȴԿڣ轫ϣԵĸƤҽԷʥˣ֪Բ棿ֻĻ֮ɽ
ƷɻЩ˼̣Թؼ֮ʱǫܼ͡ﰵʾòѰпҲв²⣬վ˳ϿԴǡ鰸ƷɻҽСҾô϶
ֳӦ˴Ǿ䡮С֮ԡ¹ʥ
Ʒɻһжǻ°ͣȡ߶һ߸мߵףȱ֮վʥ𣬺⳼֮˳ĴɻڴģԸΪ¸ǣ
˺Ʒɻϸ´󹦣ҳЧڵǺ󻰡
˽Ա˶Ψةݼȶ˿һ󾪣£˾Ӻζã
أǴɱ֮˻֮


13 
ֻ˿ʵؼãϻᣬΪ֯ŮҹmɣΪ³Ʒ깱ſá
֮Ϊ³·˿Ƕֻһɶ϶Ϊ֮
Ȼ˿ּǳԽ֣֮иӡֿȻ֮ȣԻ޵븸׷̷̿ɱȼ
ȸɴչȥһ¹غ𢣬£Ӧ㡲ɷŹ˿³٣ȻҪϼӷǶ
ݼʾĳ£ɶŮ鳤¹£ݰ
̾ˣز䣬˳ɡ
ػص۹ڰǰú󿪿ڣ²ǽΪһҪ𣿡
ݸ䣺³ŵ࣬
أ²ˣδзģҽΪԭ䣬Ѿ볯裬Ϊ¶ӡ
ˣ
ͻȻضϣرһԼŭɫֻ˵ĻʺҲò֡
ɫ䵭ֻԼŭأѹ˵ˣ㣬ֻɱ򣬴ݣ˵
صͷ˽أãһҪӽ̫ʦֱƽس費߿
ͷгѣλǽţս͢ڵɷġĩֿأµ㽣
ظſڣһ䣺ɾܹ¡
Ц֪ΪҺãˣޱ϶̵ࡣ
ԣ겻ޱ
˳ߣԲ࣬ͷɼͷǶȿȥֻϸ𪣬ü罣ǣβһл֮⣬һ̲סʣ꼸Σ
ش𣺡ʮˡ
β΢ɫºͣ鳤꣬ϹΪ֡Ƭ̣־ףѯʣԸ⣿
Եͬգɴ񰮣ΪܣȻԸ⡣
ϲʣδ
صȻ˵Ҵ21ġ˵Ųţûа񾭲ֻ˵ش˿̣ʻһڣĪйɳصѹ죬ֻܺƣ֮˶ˣ֮ͷԶ
룬Ҳ֪ɶطԸоز˵룬ôԶ϶ѻȥ־ô˵أùŹ֣Ȼʵ·;ȻңԶʱң
ؿЦѲ֪·δѡ
ϲοزģ·ѰȻ֮жȻĴΪңΪڴˣش㣬Ϊҡ
̧һֻĿֿԴʮֿУģĻص˺񰮣廹֮ʱΪضȻĸ
ҹദ˵ȷϣֲ˼ݣΪΪ˼Զȷλɶõľʵڲǧָܳɿܣժ¥¶ĺø
ңδôȥö֪һӱ̳簲ҵѧɡۼңδѧҵҲҪΪҹףʱʱղͬкβɣ
ϲز˼⣬ҿֵƣڳ輴ɣ²ر
Ȼֻ֪˵˵ȷãȻѳȻѾΪȻ˾֮
˽ãһ²øãȥչ
԰ȥѺ֮͹˴רΪ󹬷裬أû߼ͼ槼
槼ǽɣôִŮģݼ֮ЦȻʺ˼䣬˵⡣
˵ǴɱߣΪ֮ˣ˾Ȳѣ
ۣʣΪµһ󹦡
槼Ƿ槼ΪӦΪ³
ؿΨ槼ġ
Ŀ棬ִݰףòãǧƤĺ槼ɫҴңüǣ֪Ҫȥδ
أҪȥ͹
槼ԸΪ·ǡ
һȥ˺͹
͹ƫƧչ⣬ľڸǻ谵ɫһ··ų̡
رеüУ˺͹ȴ槼ʱʱĲͷȥֱֻǰɫڹӰ俴ȷ絶ƯĿ䣬槼ͻȻ
ʼղУкߣ
⻰˵üἫˮ֣˿槼Ƭ̻㱣δ
ļãһ飺ʼղУкߣ
槼ŷӦĿǽǺɳˣȻҪݲ߲У
ĬĬ槼ԶֱˣǻĪô⻰⣬㣬槼ǰںҵڲ಻槼𸴣£һƣ
뽲
̣ȻûԿͷһʲУۣʲУۣʲУɶ˫֡˽Ծ̣ضС
˵䣬곤ȣ˸ȳʮ槼ºͣ½ŲתɫůȻƣ˫ȴóǣͫлӳ˸綴Ϥ֮顣ӺˣвԽԽ
ֻ˹ڣһ£
槼¾Ҫ󽪺ˣͻȻ˵ʲô£ǰֱ֣ļ٣ֻԴ𸴣檳ڱ򣬼ʶǳʲô£űԣ˵볼ҲǼʶ
˫һУȻԸ±˵
Ҳ֪ºС£оҲ棬ֻԸһЦ
˵һɽɽɽסһԻаʮĸСмʮֻһʱɽԣҲͺԴ
һգԼף˼ղּգȥ˼ԽԽ٣ԽԽᣬСȻԲȥһԭ˼ʮֻǼΪˣ
槼檲£ǼȻʲô˻Ұ͵ˡ
ȻϻۡЦǼɽϵҰ޸ˣҰ޳ԳζȻԣ
槼ǿǺãԻȻúúùؼڻǰ޼У
ʶ㣬Ի簮ԣ޼УڶȻһֻ꣡
槼ɫӲؼڣΪץˣñסˣ룬Ȼռ٣ЩҲǽƻȻʶ޼Уܹ壡
Իտգ̼ԽԽ٣Եɣ̵֪һߣɲ²£
槼ɫãֻص޶ۣ²
΢Ц޶ۣ̾һޣԲֹ¶ˣ̿ԡ֮ܺԣ굱޼۶֫ڼǰǺ껹Ҳң
槼ɫ԰ףǾ䡮Ҳҡһ˲侹Ȼ亹ּ΢Цʵ֪Σ


14 
槼ǿЦ檲֪
ҲδԻˡ
һգ·ɽţһéݣ֪Իӣǰ˼Ѷ²֪æ⣬һֿ̽ҳȥһ
һŵû굨ƣ
ֻŶϡϡϡ¯˾סҰ࣬֩ҰݼسɱǳԴѰȥƿһ˫ĿθֻᷭŴ󺰿ܳȥϡﻩһأ
ԻһҾݵĶ֫࣬Ƥã׹ɭɭ֫Աʳưܣ
ˣ˵Σ
槼δػֻóһ
Ǳ֮ɫʾſڣԱɫͼӡ·Ϊ̷ӡǳܲ͸ǽǶһʯǱʯ޹⣬糾ܲâ˿ԣǱǱʯ޹⣬ʵƷʯ飬·Ŀ۰˿ϧ
ϸǱ֪ǱкȻǰѧ·֪һǽʾſڣԼԼĸв꣬Ϊ֮࣬ר˽ģŹ֣֪Ǻ·һ
֪飬ֿ֪ʩˣؽһΣʱâ񡪡
ֻǰ޹֮ʯʱƿҰ˸ʴ֮⣬ǽһʩƲ꣬ɱ֮߹
槼ʱɪɪǱһʣԭҲֲסβԴſڵأָ׿סһʯ壬ӳץۣݾֲѣ꽣
槼ΪһǧСΪǳԣʶȴ㣬δ꣬ȴжţഫ˽ս飬ǶһżƷؾʯ֮͸ֱնɱǣħԲɵΪꡯ
˽һնɢҷ
սƽϢ֮ʥͨӡΪλһ˼У槼֪ԵɣֻвҽУҲ
ʱѵĲֹ槼һˣΪأһֻ⣬ͲֱֱӻҷҺѸ٣ԶԶģ͹һжѣǿɲ۵СֻۣΪ槼รɣ
ؼ槼ģдϲֻӹȻƣȻôһѱⷲ˶ǧؿ槼ֳԭ뷢槼Ȼ
槼ޣС۲ʶɣ槼£˵ǰ̣˵˵ˣеȥ
룬ģֱҪˣûеӣ
槼޵ʵǘǳ檱ܣ˲絶ʣɱ˳쾭壬ǽˣ檲ܺһ뷨ǻ֮˹ˣҘף޹ƣεȿϧ檶⣬ʵǷ񣬽ڴ槼Զ֣槼ӲϣСһ
ȵ¹ȻĻϲ⣬ɣڲƭӣ
槼Բţּɵ꣬м尾ֻҪæڣСпԣСԸڴģΪξǲ
س֪Ǽ٣԰ˣϣБԹȻŻɱ£
槼槼ΪǧΪԿ£лΪ裬˲ͬģȻأȻΪ粽ǣ˥ߣΪ񣬱ضСΪǳԣϾǧ꣬»ڿ죬
ʣΪΣ
槼𣺡Ϊ˶٣͵͵ɫʳ槼ǣռǣǡ槼Ϊ槼
سĬƬ̣ġ
槼ҧģ槼ڴģԸΪδǲаΥΥģȻ䣬ʬ޴棡
Ȼ꣬槼Ϊ겻ָ֮֮
˻֮ơ
ɫͣ𣬽槼Ե²Ա槼⡣
槼⣬ողųһǣֻǿͷ
ؼɫҰף˵֪Ŀġ
槼룬֪֮ã
ֻڣλʥҳɽҲǣ
槼󾪣Ů֮ɽ֪Ϊ֮ãѲɡר˸׵ȥꣿʲôˣ
ֻһĪ⣺겻ֹΪ룬ҳɽεȹ̣Ҫܹ⽭ɽȻҪԻɱҳͿ̿ʱɽˣΣ
槼ϸ˼֣ΪֻŮδһУȻҪһ룬Ȼһ˵ϣ
£
ʬ޴棬ƽ˷ߣ
һĪĵ˿ͷϸʱֻһ˲ţɫ֮ˣɻΪдʫϸϸòǷ֮࣡룬ֳ֪꣬ǰ˳ᢣŮﶼ֪ǷˣȻдĸˣ
һ룬Ϊ֮ѡǽסȻп槼ȡһͷѪ槼ͷѪ
ؿҰʷ̸ҲȡͷѪ°ɣǵ˵ͷһͷͷѪϸڽģһȻʵ˲٣Լ槼һ˿ϵͨڴˣȻ֮ܿǰʧͷѪȻȫ
槼ɫӲ԰ףʱϲͷѪȻʹԸι̣Ӵ֮˱һ˿ϵͷεȸˣ컯ȻҪ˼ǲ˼Ҳ˿ϵǿס
ңͷѪһڽ꣬͵һǰǧ·جج俪ȻȫȻ˿̣ããĽ̨ǧǰʳ⡢Ľ̤ʱȻߵһƶĬĬݹƺ¶˿̣ʱǧ꣬ͬ¶£Ȼ峺·֮·ſǰѧˡ
槼Ͽлʵʵ˸ͷ֮槼ԸͿء
һ㶣˵ɣˣͬ½ȥ󡣡
槼Խкޣȴֻ
ĬĬԶԶš
˻ؽңͻȻһ˴ȣֻ˳ֽ
槼㺦ĸ󣬹
ޣΪ


15 
˵ܰ칬
Ů˼ȴΪӣΪر֮ˡ
ҲӲΨΨǴӣԸͣαװЦӭˣ޺ģ
ŮԷΪ죬۹ǴңòΪƷӳ谮һɳ졣
Ȼʵ֣ôʹֶΣЧ΢󽥽ֻһаŮҲɰȡ
ԸΥҩ
˽͵ľ֮ҩ
Ȼһ˿
Ҫ˵ޣȫǼٵġ
޵ҧгݣƷ˿š˿ָ׶ƬȴֻܸţһԹ԰Ŀģ
๼ȻԾɲͷ֮ޣ
ԣͬʹ࣡
𣿴
ǣЦ
žϰ˺ü飬ȷƭƭԿ࣬㳭С·Ҵҵȥ
λ壬귽ʮ귽ʮΪ֮䡣λף̰ͼ֣˿֪˺ε֮¡
ǧ꣡ҴҺˣ
һϵƽｪй˵жʶ鶯ǣȴ˿Ⱦλ£󽼽ӷָת⣺ԭ£˵˵
õһţ²Ҫˣʺﱻݺں͹٩ǣ
Դ󾪣Ǻ͹ǹ֮أйֶβӣŪգһ֮Ҫȥǰ㰹֮أ󽼻ŵ
մ槼ɢ԰һ̿Ϊὣɱڳܻʺָʹ췴ɱ죬췴ıλ£ó壬̱ƹùʺ󣡡
ֻŭ£ĸѹΪʺ˴̫ٻҪֺαضһ٣ǳԵȥ⣬Сˣ
װߣǧ겻֪ѣҲıǰЩӴ槼ƴӣ·а˰Ūȣǳһ覴ôǸţ
һԣǻ˵ãŭ槼סδ
槼סɹ
󽼺޵˺Ϳȳĸ󣬷ɱ槼ɣ
ϣȡһֱ͹
Сأ֪ĸΪΣ佪Ϊĸȴ˻ŭȻʮֳ꣬׺񣬳ǱʣһֳģҲ˱ֳβͣ
ЦһС·ܰ칬
λһ·ǿǳͨ裬һ·ֱ͹η
䲻̣ȴ˼¡סӣ˾ݵĲΣк͹ʪ谵㱣òҲÿɲ
ﻹǸӺݻĸµĻʺﰡϢ֮ò
һα£󽼿һʼΪԼлΣֻǿԽԽ󣬱һ󽼹ǰ
»޵ҵĶˣߣҪң
ĸԽУĸף㣡
һ൶̺ʹѣ˳Ҳݣִ߶һ̼ϰһüӣʣǺˣιڴˣ
ǽʱشּʻ֮Żף˽
һ죬ֳн
öͷ˲ĸȰ˵˹ʣӣָʹݺĸף
𣺡Ƕģ
󽼴ŭӺˣǻѻ˵һڣ治ɫԴŰΣҪأ
һģȫŭȫִУһɱˣ
һԺϣԩҰɷҲ޶֤֣ȻɱҶ죡
һ֪Լ´ֳ޵ȥĸ
˵ὣ˳ȥ󽼼ܵģŭѣֲģ˳ȥ
֪һͼ槼ˣ⻹˵ã˽ۣ˼ǣȫƾһǻŭ±常ɱ˹ȥ
ͷ­ͷָֻ֣һ̲סһ˫ĺۣλὣ
ǣ̲סЦѿ죬¶Ťá
֪ԼΪζڼˡ
λ£żλѪһͬһ
󽼣ѪζŹ֮ȴǳ飬ѪûС
·ֵǰһ죬һҹ
һҹͬѰģʱҪ꣬йϯ⣬һغϻؼӿޱڣƽڵʵʵȸⲽǰУͬ谵Ψһǵڷ紵ҡҷʱʱ·ʱҪعڰ
֮ܽţ͸һˡ
ûп棬񶼲ΪҪţҺɣ˽ܣ
Ȼ֮£ݲİ²⡣
ߵ˸ۡţţֻ֪˲õģã
ʵ̫ˣ˿βڻУ߰㣬ȹ죬֪ģ˿˳
˿ƮԶ׷һ·żʵڶã˵ʲôܴ£˼񵽣˽һܽʺ
ҺǷһһģһͣһ˿̯ڵϣһƬᱡĤ̯üƽһ
䣬˽ּ
ֻһ䣬ֻһ䣬类׹
Ұֻһ䣬ұŽһͬԶ߸߷ɣĽ
֨ѽ
ʱǰſˡ
һæҵĽ˿ֻһվڣָտգƶһյ𲻶ȸӳ֮£ù۲
ĵͷżˣʺūš
ܿ˵ܻķ俪ڣҪˣ޹ϸ𣡡
˵ū澴Żȥ
õĻӦֻСѡһ죬ɾ֮
Ǹ˵Ǵֳ΢
ãǷͣˣһˮ԰׵ϣڱˣɡɡư׻ưףǽⷴ˼֡
ûãϯ
ʱţ˽
ʵ̫ˣʹɡȫҲ˸ʪ͸վ£ݣϵˮʪйĵأˮܵñ䣬Ƴӳ֮»ζŰ޴ԼԼĽĵ
һʱ֮弸͸ˣһ߹ߵ׹òҰף˽˵˾仰
һ仰
˵˵ʲôȥ˺þá
ǵԼҡҡͷ
ţ˫ۣתԴ˵ϣˡء죬ԼֱġɵɵġӲվţˮɡžĵڵϡ
һ˿죬ںҹ


16 
槼ոЧҴݵ˱һ֣󽼡鱦һ̣㱻һ۶ϡ
ʱѾݣ÷ֺȻǶצǾǧƤ⵶ǹƣʤģ
ز֪ܺǺˣֻȣӡˣ߱߱
ز֪Ӿ飬槼һоͽλ̷ڵأæֹ槼
󽼡ʶʱ֮ˣԼױסˤĽų죬ȻвԷּһֹ槼һ٣æ𣬳ſ϶ſ˳ȥ
һֱȥ׷󽼡Ų·زأһܰ칬
λӵܰʱ˹־ǱֱֱܹģȻǴ˴
ĸȾҺ͵ܵܣ槼Ҫɱǣ
ʧɫап࣬˵ôں͹Ҫң
ʱݲıͷ׷Ų͸ǽҪǱײˣʹڳλӺ޹ϵҲ޼£վΪλ֮Ҵεȴֻ˵һ仰ܲ³ȥʱԼңûǱɱãΪֻ֮ܽ˿ͳ⣡
ǧ꣬ҧҧ죡
˴´ʱ飬һȣǴľ壬ֻƴ
ڣλ¿컻·ǳ
˸м飺ĸˣΪ룡
˻·հѺһأǰžͽ׷
ƣĸ̴ܱӦһֻһһֻڹǷ˽һ˫ǳͷһ˼Ƥ
ʲôçܱݴ
槼ҲǸŴһ·׷ֵĺ͹ᵹ徻˲١
͹ֻͷ̴Ǻľôһ޷ԶֻյΧӰ
ʲôһһƤ񣺡š·߹
һ̴˵ĪϹ˲Ƕˣ͹ʲôҲӰں͹ˣĪҪԼԼ
ǹһūۻˡ
ʺ
͹һңһŮ
󻺻̧ͷ­ɺ֮һĹ谵ֱֻͦıڵѣ԰׵ĴЦ⡣
ǺˣϢλûĲˡ
ǹһ˹ŲƽŲæʮֳһɳη谵СԶԶ˵˲ò
ū裬Ů
һԭ澣ӿЦˣΪǰ㺦ң
ū澲Ըū澲˵˲ɰˡ
㣡ɫףϷ·˼ƣһʱ沿
Ϊأƽûһ˿·ֻʡ
ΪأӺģ
˵Цˣ槼ﲻԼ˺£ū벻ͨġǰ˰벽Ƭ磬¶ôΪҪ˶ļʣ
ͫ󣺡㡭˵ʲôΪ˴ޣȻôǣ
˶ŭū澲˵˵ˡЦһ£ԭĸأū޼˴³ʵ䲻ҪºǫӲźãλĳֺ֣ˡ
Ҫ˵ݾ֣ɫǺˣ
һЦūˣū裬槼Ů
󺰵㲻ǣ㵽˭
̾ǹ˶°˵ū˭أսū澼ݣϲðɡ
ʵϵãһսƤһ𣬺壬˫ڵ˫ֱֱġ̲ˮ㲨͵һǡйľˡ
ǣЦ˵ūйˣū˵ǣӣʥµ׼
ֻŴһ˺ѷΰصխηʹޣ㣡û㲻Ҫ֪̫ˣ㣡ɱ㣬ɱأѾˣ
ţū裬ʲô㣿˶꣬Դڱͷ­ȹ̣
巢޵أԹҲԸǺɱҲһ˰ˡֻ΢޹֮ˣһ£и
ū澾÷ǵ΢Ӵ˲ǣΪ겻ŲʣС£ʵΪ֮ܰλյö˲ǣ԰꣬ūΪֻع
ݴҪʲô
ȻһЦūԸΪȴԸõɺЦȪ
޺ԩң㿴ڱһ֮ķϣǰɣ΢޹ȫһƽԵף£
Цα˵㷴ū澿ǿţȴԸˡףū˲ʱ̣ûȥź槼ˣﰲá
ϣתȥ
ӰǲǰйʱһģһŲæ·һı󼱵෢ȣùѣҲͷ
η֮ˣ̴һһű㿴˫ĿѣѪУ̴ӵֲȥ̽Ϣ
󡭡ްˣ
˴ʧɫȥ£
ͷܰ칬ˡ槼һһǿЦ£ܳ
ز˼ӽԲӰʣɼ
ȣĪǶλ̰棬˺󹬣檶Ϊ⡣
սǽԵ޹ʴ£²֪Եɣ뵱ʡ
ˣλ˺Ϳǡ
Ҳ벻ף²Ƿǣһ£ҲɣϷ˽ѧ֪֮²˽ġ
˿󽼡˲δνСܰ칬һľͰ͵˵ֳ磬ҷ³çˣ˿̳ȥ븸ǸȻԭҡ
Ҫ׽Щʱ԰棬̫ѧͲٽսн
ȴĸҲѱ槼Ի󣬴˻Ȼҳȥ߱ǴΪӣ಻ġ
飺ȳֽ槼ոǿһƽһɱȴסвʳӣ粻صġ
Ҳʼҡڲʱ⹬˼Ҵ£ʺްˡ
һԽԱһţľͰ໥£󽼿޵ĸѱ߱ȣ֮أ


17 
磬ģ˵Σ
﷽˵·Ҳȳգĺ޼ʣܱڴ˷䲻֪ĺã
˶أ໥֣˵·߳˹
ֻæ˳֮·ܶλǧڹǻ޲˲źãҲͷ֮ޣϾŪɱڹЩ֣ܲλǧң
󽼡˴Сգȴδˣ棬˹ڳͱ͵ǮƣС㱻˹ȥҿϰղŵѣ㿲ߣһȥǽӽƻ衣
ǹٱҴѰˣܱ˻Ĵˣ˻Ǳ֪ǸǻĿһջ¥ݽͷ
Դ󣬼ܵ׿СڵèŴͷ̻ʣд󱯣ֻԼ۵ܵܣ³ç³˼ǰû֣нãȻ֪δȥδӡ
ʱ󽼼УֲʵǱΪ֣
˴𣺡ǱǽݣǽսУŷܣڴ˿ݣΪ˷׻ָǰ̡
󽼣֮ε֪٣
˴𣺡ǰԷǬǮƣйһжʮǳԽ˺ﲻ˸Ա˵УСֵܣ˵治棿
һԣ΢ܵ˵ҹǽȷʵе㱾£Ͷ·βȥָһ
ΨǴӣһ˵Ͻֳͣһͬ˽С
ݣӣּһϯһԡǬ󣬺³˿ȥ
ĺô󺣿ڣ
λСֵܣ
ͻһתͷһֻһŵۣͷ
󽼸ϽŵܴܵȺＷŶӣʵʵ˸ʦ񡣵ɷΪֵָܶǰ;
һƣ˶ʦ鵭ºͣЦкβɣԵһ֡
󽼲֪ǰ;ΪΣɴ˸;֡
ǽֿ֣˿ˣЦøĪ⣺;··ǰУձȻԵ
һԵбȻ·˴ϲлæȥš
ʱѹƻ裬ҹĻس֮ưܣϵãưҲϵλǧ꣬سΪѰ󽼡ˡ
ưΪ潫˵һһ˵ǶƴӣĹǸץסȻûǰ;
󽼳һԣ˽İСռ˶أһͷɫٱܷ֡
亹Ȼʮֽţ㿪ڣֳռؤǽߴ򹷣ǹܵü죬һӲ꣬¾ʧӲĪָͨ⴦
һæܵȥǿǲݣһ˴ϲһ꣬ú϶Σɲɣ
һǽ߲ʣҹĻﷱСȸƽԱںǽͷߺǽһƬ徻鿪ڣ⾹ֳ֮ͨѣȴӲܣһٳ£˵صǳ֮
̾Ͱɽбٳһգѱúð٣̰ܽա
ֳ˵ǡ
һֻ·;һƬڣͷǳǰȥ̹ǣò
һͷưʥţƷɻ׷ˣһ
ǻƷɻ֪Ƕ֮Ůǽȥߣλǧ޴ͶȥѰ֪λߵ෴ȴߣ
󽼡ԽԽ䡢ԽԽֽžǶҹ̹ǣȥһЪһУͷۻ֪ǰǺΣһվǰ˺þãʳڳʳöǿˮֱ̲סǵңңɷԵģ
Ҽ¨ƣƻèб۴͹٣СС⣬Ͳʳ
бۿˣﲻмֵ֮ܶӣ֮Ī˿ˣ
ҳЦһ䣬һǣƥ̴ȥιݣ˵ڡ
ò԰Ƥһ˫ƽüһԷۣһűһ֮࣬òб֮⣬ȴ鹧ǫѷ̬׺˸º֮ˣһƽüǡǡٵƽһһλòáǫĹӣ
λ˵֮ӣ
󽼴󽼣ܵ飬ĸɱ³ç嶯ŭѣ
˵Ŵ槼󣬳Ұ·ȫңδ뾹ʺҲ˴ѣ
ĸ󣡡һ˵ʹϧĸ֮㹴ʹ̼࣬ίʹ
æ廽ﰲֽϺóʳˣ˼ȽԲѰʵֳȲ֪Ǻε
깧񣺡£ֲֳҵ¼ӣżλ£ƽҡ
󽼡˻񣺡ԭǼְ֣Ҳֵ֪ܶ˸ζ³˾յ
ǫЦλ˵ˡ˿ھƣۿڣ֪λҪȥηҪȥ³ݼ¿ͬ·
λǧһ·Уͬ·һ˵̼ǰ׷δ֪ں˳ڴֵܶˣҪȥͶ⹫
Ц˵պͬ·λ뼧һͬǰҲ顣
յԸֵܶǴƣȻֳ˿̽ӷ㡣
ʳָľڣ£Ȼƽ
һͬ·³ȥ
˵ʧ٣δ֪Ұ£ҽǲŲʣִ£ֻαһ˻ʩ
λ䣬а취Ѱʧգµģ
ݳУ£ǧ򲻿Ϊţϳһ֮ԣˡλǧ߱ǰҲТ¿ǧԾ룬˲壬˵λǧ굱ʧ
ة˵µĶӣ¸ĸģﲻĺӣ
΢΢̾Ѱȷʵ쾭壬Ҷλǣݣòأ
ڳֻ´壬ԿޣƣΪ֮
طҪǿң̫ʧĲǴ°
Ҳ˵żſ˿ڣ΢ȥѰ
ϣֱۡ
״Ҳ޻˵ô˵Ҳ׶ӣʲôСôܷģ
лҪ˵
ıᵽԵĴд˵ǹ()ҲʹΪ絶ǹ
ÿ۶ģ໣ա (ި)


18 
빬һ£Ұ½ĬĬ˴£Բֿ²ס
Ĭһģڴ֮ڲ޹Ǵλӣ³ƣӹұѱ̬ȣװ׻˸ָָ̣㣿ƷɻղľԱԴԼҼҽ֮߱󣬱ؼҴ󶯸ɸ꣬һˣ˼ҽҲδѰĻ󣬱ԾԴһԲĿ춢Ƿǣ·ҪĻβͲſϰݣ˽ǱŪУմ⡮ϸĴ£˶ʵʵʡŪ
½΢ӴȫȨ𣬱Ǹһ䡣
ʱչ糯ڵ۹̸£Ŵգҽˡ
ϰΪڹ£ÿչգ޲һֳźã˵ɵλòɵҲŲʣǿҲļ
ԴϱСйҸִôԺ󣬴ȥǺ󹬣ż槼ȴֻƬ̣·ֻ˵һ䳣пվںԺ䡣
ÿ糯Ĺ£ȥ䡣
ֻǵ۹һ΢ƣ̫ƣͷ˼ԭҵȼµȴ£ӣ֣࣬յͷòźʥϣȴҲȰͣʱüͷ壬ƣҲŮɫǳȴʳʩ٣Ǳ˼ǰٱһȴƽ˲ٻȴ֮ȶึǧ٣ˣ˺οࣿ
࣬ʱȴźŴӢ䣬սһա˿̴Ҫȥ䣬æȥˮؽԺţһԡ
ǰڴźҿԣϰ֮񱣬ϲײһΣҲ徻˹˶͵
ؼ˽˱ܣԾɳڵϡһʯͷš
غ޻֫ǽ˾Ҳ޴ӼԦֻЩǡ
ߣǴˣȲֻͯͣ
ӲһۣôʵʵãҲ˹ܽͯ͵֮͡
ֽ̣֫ͣɳִжˣʱᱳۣ鵹أȴҲֹ
شˣִţԷʱʱҪʲôѧǸŻ˵˱ͯԽԲܵ棬꽥ۣܼǵʱͯԣȴʱʱǵãһ˵廪Ļ飬еĳɼƽƽеѧеѲ֪ںδΨʮһգǵҪϱϻۣ٣һ㶮һ̾;һˣһϻҪҲŬҪѧãȻǸҪ̿ٱ
ûʲôس˶飬ҲûٰãұǸѧУѧ࣬ԾҹѧԸ
裬ĸȻҪȫȫ⣬ѧģ侫龳ӿ֣̿õóֵı£
Ѵѽ̣ǴңﻹˣŪȻñѰڿһЩ
һ˫ֱسĬģ̾
ѣɸ佫֮ɸҲã˭֪⺢ȴǸӡ͵ˣ֣ǵ̿ʵڵĺӣдɡ
˳ߣ֪Ƿ⣬ˣ˳Ȼɡ
عȻ⡢ʵʵڵ䣬óұ½롣
ʹǹɳҽ޳ǹΪѡһ˦ֱɱ߰ˣȫһԵ̵ܴԶУؿȥǹʹ飬ȴΡ
Ȼر̫ԵжȻʮսŰܣǹأʣΨнɾǧ򻯣ʤ㣬ɵ꣬ɹܶԿһӳֽܳһҲ˵
أżⶨأĶ̧硣
ȫѧʽо׼һ꣬翣ʵԲɴ޷ְֽʽѧ⿲Щ
ͷѺ£ɫǳףִ΢ƣ̬֮㿪ڣأʱЪϢգ򲻴
ؽ̯ƿƬֹ̣ס֪ѵվ̫̫ǳֻҰݡ
˽ݣس˸裬Щʳ̫θڷֻ˼ڱЪϢ
ⴸǣѪֻǿִ󲻵Ҫ죬Լ޷˵¶ʱ䣬ۿᣬʹҲ㣬Ȼ̫֪࣬أغͲм˹
룬󹬾Ϊӣʹ˿⣬̫Ҳɶʹպ»϶һʣ˹Ҫ󣬱ص鷳ЪϢɡ
֪ʱĪִƽǲԸ˲ּεӰֻҰèˣ̾ǹ³ʵ壬󱳡
أҰ
ڣǳʳ̫٣³Ҳһָȴ̫࣬ϰģɲ塣
صͷů֪ˣлġ
ɣĿºͣҲãΪܣԵ۰мӡּƣ˵ʱˣϢ
صȷҪϢˣ粻С˯һᣬȥŲƤԣ绹ϰء
һ˯Ȼƣˡ
һԶɫɫѪ˫Ŀգ΢΢ᣬ촽Գʮƣţͯ
ʶôм£ʱֻȫȻмȨ󣬹ӵ¡ƽҰһͬʡЩʱգƶ˫Ŀǣ¶졣ǱΪΪϰӲ࣬ӣӭ粻֮ţʶԶ˾̾䱾Ϊշѹǿ岻ͣȴî˾۲һտΪֹ˲òó汾£Ȼֻ顣ּɫᶨ˫Ŀڰ׷ֻһ֪⣬˫ȫȫ
³ӽˣҵȻò˥
ΪߣһǻҳΪΪΪΪˣȼ߼Σ
һ⡣
Ϊң쾭壬ȻΪˣΪˣ󣬾ȡȡףָûرΣ
صּ̺䣬˳һ̣Ǳֻ̺ͽȻģ̲סֱգһȻʵ
ֱ΢΢գֻ֮һƬ


19 
΢ỽһء
˹ʱȼĸҲ˰ղ֪Ϊγٳٲѣ
أ
ֺ˼򷽲Ȼʵ붯ȥҡȴ֮ǰǰͽʹ˿ܴжʱ
ֻ۲ɫ԰ף촽ɫǳϢ΢֮࣬æֺһأ
˫Ŀֻë΢Ȼָ΢ȴۣģд󼱣æȥ̫ҽ
˿̫ҽŪҩϰҽԴϻس˶ɡҩ֮£дƴԳѪ̫ҽǱ֮£ҩģСǼӽϰ飬Գѧʶǳ֮ȱ
Ժҩ뵣չɢůǸ鵭Ȼƽ
꣬ԺԴޱȽδﺰɱһ˻̿ᡣ
˫ͽȻ£վһᣬתܻص۹
·;Ȼͻ槼æ۹ȥ
ֻ槼СΪδʱϢѲ˲Ҽԣ㲻ŵȥƣ
˾дϲ槼ģñƽĴ٣ʵ壬ȻҪŪԾ󻼣ռȴŵΨһϣ槼Ϊʶ㣬仯ǧ˱ϣǺ޲Ҳƣ
槼󣬼槼Źװ˽Ųһϣԭο񱼶ȥһͽʹߴ٣㣡Ī죡
槼ȻҲܱԭΣͻȻ񲣬Ҫͷ˲ǣͷѪ֮ӦֻϢԽԽ棬£ҲҶʣͻȻӦϢ㼱æ
һ߽һպҪ⻪ʵĹװּ޹ǰڻ˻ġ
ȴ槼ͻȻɫѿվڵ۹ǰɪɪǰһԸִߴ٣Ŀ槼ԳݣȻתܣ
֮ʱȻϰٱ
ңҲǣм尾ֻý޹ȥء
һ޹ѹĴ
ֻǰվһˣǵĿƫ䣬֮ǰ꽣֮ˡ
ǱһϢϾ
ƽ·̸۲ľһ㣬Īʹۿ죬㿪ڣ
ͨ첻һֻۣڣһرܡ
һ㶣θģֻվŲߣͨ䵭վ˵һ̣ˡ
Ͻȥ
ͨһߣ˼Ϣ̨ȴȻ˿ʶּ꽥ɫ󴿾Ưǲһ꣬㿪ڣþ˱
ͷѪʵ飬εһˣ
ͨһֱ㶨ǣʩ겹ȫϢȫȻһߵ
ͷҴңغһŵֱֱۣͨȻлҪ˵𣬶л֪Ա
ͨ˵ԵΪơ
ͨϻΪ˵ʩΪ
ʥΪǰǣԴϡ٣߾ٲѣοʥˣʥΪٽһҪĻԵǣ
ش׹ʩ񣺡μġ
ͨ˵ҪỤܣһֽ㣬Ͼʱ֮ǡ
شϲˣһǴƵ£Ȼɷϳ
ͨЦ̱ƣ˹ˣ˾н棬ǳԷǿʰˡ
ͨ콫ǵأ˷ȻΨ֮ȴҲʵʵڵɷͨѰʱż壬ˣʥֻ˵ǳԣȴִо֮ȴѰɲ
ֻĬĬ£ֵһ飬ͨףʴϻۣϴ˷
ͨмմӣ廨ţӶ࣬ȴһ洫һͨԸˣԸֻ̣ǻȻ㣬߷¶󡣶ȷʵ㣬ֶ£Դ෨鷢չ磬ȫ컯
ռһһ㾹򣬻ˣģòǼͽûļǿˣǼͽܶԴ»˵ãҲޱѲⷲ˾Ȼ
ؼ΢Ź֣ʣǲף
޲ף굱Ȼгɡ
л˵˶ƻŷֱ
ؼʱ֪ںδڵģѰ
ߵ˶ʱվżǰͷ׹ϼŨӰԱǧ߶Ⱦɽƣƻ𽥽𣬴ǧֱǽҲ˽
罥䣬͸壬һһʯӰӱϳͻȻšһ߳ĳš
嶯˶ĲתͷǾżŴ򿪣վһˣݱϼӳޱȣⲽɫºͣǳЦԭڴˣǰһǳ׳ޱȣ˰Ȼƽ֣Ϊ֮
΢ؿڣǴã۴ˡ
ĿͣſڣƬ̺ųˣá
ؿվôľιߴ͸֪ģЩ־Ϊ֮߸ϣԡ¡Գƣö֮һ㡣
ҷԼ֮ʣֻļǣֶߣȻĵس档һ룬ش󣬱ȻҪúøסɽǡ
ȥԺ䣬ȴ϶ˡ
ֻ˵Ǻģ䡣
һжʱįȻԼѴ󣬺޸ѧޱȴδҪ;ϣǰͱ縶¡
ĬĬΪ˽ȥ˵ﶨȻܣ밲οֻóϸֿ꣬ڣܲ׾ѧչȻǲ֪е߲䲻£ѧʱձЧһ꣬ټӼٿ治ʣ
ü²㼸ʽҲˡ
أʽȻϰþ裬ãҵ޶ۡ
һ⻰ŭ𣬺ȵϳһ䣬ݺֿϰģ£пʱǼޣʹ̣˫۲ȣִ㻹Ҫ
ԣǴ𣬱ȵƤ̣ȴ䣬ֻת˸ֱͦúſڣزģá
ˣ֪ʼֿ̣ӰįȻ䣬㿪ڣء
Ҳתᣬ׳񣬺þúϢƣºõġ͢佫ڶ࣬αҪŪ壬һһʧΣ
תֻĿƣѾþûֵѽͷˡ


20 
һ㶣㸴ӣԭȻΪԼƣΣ˱˵Ȼֹѧ䡣
ǰ䲻νƤ⣬ʱʹȴҲĪԽˣΧ˽Ϊ꣬е֮زգܵøİãβ绹ȥԳ
ǣϰ䣬ּģ˵ǣο˵ʵ飿
˵صǣãǵѴǿ񹦣Ȼٳ¡
ţüǵǺˣΪʿƭڶ֪࣬Ҷ£жģȻ
أɵĵظƣи֮ƣдñ£жģȻҶˣα꣬෱֮ΪȻС֮ģ̹Ҷδ£кκ󻼣
¹ǵ࣬ȴǲ֮굱һ̫ʦҲѧɼұ£سͷ
أؽ̲ϵͬߵѾͣΪ̣Ϊؽ̣˵ûǲͬҳڣͰɽزض컯
صμǴѡ
ףؼ̸˷źǳ⣬ʵĴƣ֮Ӧ˵䣿
ɫ׺ͣ˫Ŀֻ̾ˣ㵱ҲˣҪӦһ¡
뽲
̫ǿ֪ضֹ
صͷӦˡ
ֿʼѧ
ѧÿȴδǵȿ£ЩʱգѪҲ˲٣ǰЩǰƣ̬֮ҲԷġ
ϰ֣ص伮Ҳһ鿴ʱʱ໥֣̽ͬ°빦
֣ʮֲ⣺¹ͷװɳ֣㱾һֺ֣ҲŤˡ
īͣҪǾȻӲ˷һŵȴΪ֣Ц⼸սΣ
֮ǰ˲١
أ겻ᣬǰʽԲǾ׼ʱ˷ְɳִͬа
ȻЦԭˣ´ǰˣŪǹֻƾһδ˷ã־ͣ˼֣Ȼܳɴţ
Цɴԣص֡
ͷ䣬һһ꣬ؽСɣ伮Ҳ࣬оҲʵԣżʵ
һ糯н˰Ӽ
̣
ϳȻ
ʣ·˳ֲˮ֣֮֮࣬Ϊη̣
ǽλأ֪£ֻ£ǽţɢҥԣ˵鳼󣬲ɱޣ׷ӣȻȻ˿ܣ䣬Ǳܿա

˻һȸһŭȣƿڴֻ÷ָǽúӸΣǽҳӣ˵ȴ治֮ʥ汸˸ҷϼܿգɱӣĻԣҳڣй´δ꣬ųγ˵ҥԣԼ̳ĺŮıɱ׷򣬴߱лģλı棬˵Ⱥڰ׵ߵǷǵ֮ɷҲ
һ󸽺ͣǽŵõͷίĩֻ飬˻ԶȾǾȫȻţ
ذ֣˵˵ҥԣΣ
ǽ𣺡λӣ˵λӴӳӳش˻ʹԴ㣬ǾĲȣķ֪
һŭŻѪΪΪ񣬴Ӳ̰㻶䣬Ƕ
⻰Ҳ൱ơ˵ԿηǺˣ˳ɻĹǷ̫ƽھʹҥԣһʲô£ǻ˵á
üͷ壬Ϊ֮ί㰲οֱƣع˻УǶʵзģ˵ҥԲ²ϰˡ
ض֮ǰΣѰػģ·ѣΪѾòҲûʲôӣ˵Ȳ췴ڸ˶ñӣ²ܷβܡ
ǽλݽΣ
أݽسǣ³ǱǳʹЩС֮ǰص࣬˽Ļڽڰˣ֪Ƕ˺εͷӢ䣬ݽЩ֧Ųס
󾪣ǽţ³ǰ˲֮ԿԣŹ𷼡໯˽еڶ࣬Ҳ
ȴءˮǱͨ᪣òҲ֪ͷҲȥҲȥ
˼Ƭ̣ʣ³µõǺͷ
ǽͷĩ֪˲Ͳ󣬼˾ʹ򣬺
ƷɻŭȻʲô˵Ұ·ӣ£ĩս
ذ֣ɣ̫ʦδ飬費ˣ볯ãҵͷֳ֪¶ˡ
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һȺȻǲͬ⣬Ҳһ߷ԣսεգҹ·࣬ɣ
һ³ݣ־ټʽţֻʱ˳
˻ص޹ʣΪҪȥս
תͷ˵˽ġ˵ʵ彫ɣȥ³ʱʵ壬ǵ˵Ҳת룬ú󳯳ҽΪôŵ볯Ϊ٣ȴ޸޻ף㡣˴ǻս볯Ȼ˳ҹƽȴ³ս£¶ȣȸɡݶԿӦ벻ڣࡣ
α֮࣬ŵ볯Ϊ٣һ£˭ɣ
ҡͷ˫ĿȨ⣬ƽ֮⳯ģƽΪ٣Щ֮룿ȻԲƽҳɣ϶ջ۰ٺһ
룿
أǳ֮Ϊĳ̬ƴֵܣ϶οգΪ֮빫ƽˡ
̾ˣˣֵҲ϶οˣ˵öԣµ˼³սʵգֳδ֪н״ս˼
ó꣬ЦСɣһԣ֣Ȼжɳ־⣿
ȷ⣬ʵȽϲսǳڵ۹£Է¡
ؼɶ˵дָ㣬رȻ湦壬ȫˣ飡
ɫԻ˵ˣ㡣


21 
һ³͢£һɷ֮ʱ١Ȼá
١ȻһǻͷβˣֻͻȻ֮ãʥѲ⣬֪Ϊ˿ɴ⣬Ϊ·Ǳ˸ʧ裬ֻʱ͵
մж³Գ˷Ԯ⻹˵ã˸Ͻȥ볯վ˶档
ڵأ㹧̬ԣǴƣʥΪסģҥԣ³èԹ֮
ףùġ
˴սһҪȥҥԣҥԿηòƣҥԱΪﲻƣ
ȶʹϲ˵Ӣ䣬Ȼһٶƶ³ѣ
ʱݳУ³СαشСãɱҶ³о̴ʥ壬˼Ҵڶ࣬ա
أ³ӵСղճɴ󻼣ҥԿη´˴ζȥҥԣ࣬ҥֻùȥƲǣ䲻ضԣѾ
ڣ²ڳʱգˡ
˾߸׳ֽ£槼ùǣ費¶ˡ
ʮע槼ǹŮ裬Դ򽪺󱩱УҲ槼Ҳ岻£ֻŮ·˵뽪жԹԼԸתͶ̥ȥˡ
ǽɱһ£ǳ槼ⷽıȻ槼ģǹȻǳԣȴۣһ©Ȧ֮˺εϸϻۣģֱʤͶ̥ȥˣʡ˸ǡ
ǰͣһԽģʿɫףƬƬΣ˸չ֮۰ۣͷ˧ڽǳ죬ж֮һѱڽʿ½ҳӣ
ʿɽ
˵ȿ飬ҫȻͣ
ʿԸΪǣ
ϣŶС
սΧۣ˼ѹ̧ͷʥգºͣüƽݹ̬䣬ѡ
и˵ԭģ봫ԾΪûģˣ̰ɫǻ׶ȴӢѣò
˻̿ڼ֮⣬Ī̸ִۣˣ
Ǹ˸Ͻ죬һ˾߿ˣ
Ǹŵ࣬ΪԸ۱ʥֲ̿Ҫɪɪֻ˫Ŀͷһɨ飬׽񿴹ÿλһ㣬˽ȸԾǸ˵·ڿҡ
һЦҲǣ￴㣿
Ǹ죬˵ѡ֮٣ӵ£Ϊβˣ
˻أ·˴ˣֱأ槼
Ǹ˵ȣΪδ̰ɫ
ú˴ǸȻҪռ˵˴˵ȶȻټҹŮȻ˲ǣ
ЦĪôȻΪ˷߷ߣ
Ǹֱ׳ѳɹѸƾòȻ
˹ЦոۣһЦأѳɳͷɾۣ
Ƥ˫΢죬Ц˵㿭Ϊ٣սۣ¶Ϊѡõޡ
ֻһֱǰЦŪԲᡣ
̼죬·Ǵ¾ɣɾŰգΥ߾ƣî˾֣ۣʮ磬ʦһӲߣ
ֻʮ۱ǰУ߼֮ض̤ԶԶһһͳȥһɽɱֱ嶫³
ʮֱλ̤ȥʦﾹһҲδ̤ˣ棬ǿڶഫ໥ѯλ
˵شλأȻﵽλЯطһӭӣڶཫʿһԶӭ
ֻݳ䣬طò毺áӢˬ˽ӭУʢ
ղս£³ǷҲһΪŻ½ݲ֪οײߣĩŴϲˣջ槼Ӧ˻糾ͣȻ񣬽βѡѡ˹ź򣿡
λһأ˵ʢˣطǳ˵ء
ݴϲˣȱز˿ԳС
ѡʮˡ
ҹ磬ʢʿңλǴںȾƳ⣬˵ྴϲ˵
˽ϲֲ磬ʱֻһ֣ɪ̴ľզһſڿ
ޣһ֫ϸˣװɫڽ裬ֻһƬ죬һ©紵㷢ƮƮ˽Կкá
վ󣬲ݣ״㿪ѣĪڴˣսٲŮͣ˸貢޹սʣԣһŮӲ˰ˡ
شʱ뷨ֻһ槼úÿ
΢΢üȻ֪ûʲôһھˣɫе֮ա
ȥúдɣϣݵзսǺˣֻҡͷƵнֻɱ
ҹݿϲ֣࿴ɫΪϲŻ˵ҹҹ۴̰ɫֱüѶδһֻͻȻǰ벻кγ룬ֻôǲϲɫҲ֪Ǻο
Żսйˣ
ݣǰҲ
ŻЦǰ˲ʥģϰˡ
ݾȣ˶벻˴ۣ֮Ҫε˲ǣ
Ż˵ĩǹ槼֮϶Ůտˣӹ֬׷˴ۣ֮
ȻңҴ˴δס³ƴṦȡѫȻҲܳǰλز㲻֮ҲĻȥѰˡ
Żһ»һ£ˣսսᲢۣս˫˫ϣϲģǰĩѰһˣ֤槼ȥ
ֻŻһţһŮӯӯһϲ˵ˣȻôۣ
ֻŮһϮƮƮͤͤһۺˮͲͶ󣬱࣬浱Ů·
˵ȥ޷ֽһпһˣϸסֽ֣һһЦڴ齣ĵȴ


22 
ݻصݣط¶ϲʵˣΪտϲ֮
ط˰Ϊˣ
ݴԩˣλ޴ȻսʱˣմȻʢΪ֮Ը
طˣսҲˣ
飺֮УȴΨзˣҲδЩŮӣ
ģֱģط̾м֮ģֻչ۴֮òһ˲ţüĿ˿ɫ֮ǰ㼱ɫ֮ˣҽˣĶüгɫս£Ȼǲϲ˸裬Īҥԣ˴δضսΪǶϷ
ݰְԭΪİ˲񣬲ˣ槼Ȼӹ֬׷ۣսҪ۳Ͷ٣ҲȻҪʢӴΪȥź
طĿһʣ˶ˣ
æͣŻײߣˣΪ֪˴Ӻζ
ط˴Żƥ򣡾ǽаλزʱգֻСֶˣߵ̫
ͷط˺뵽ʲôǵö³СʱϸŻǵзˣΣ
һ㶣ֻط˼½֪ȻжΪ˰¶ˣɽӽҴȥˣǵзɵɱȡ֮ް
һԣγѣһ亹æ侲ʩȥŻʻط˱ӽŲȥΣ
˵ƿľţ潫ư⣬ںһƬյһ㣬Ų˶٣˫΢У齣һһȥ
ƿʣֻ֮һˣݳ࣬ӣ֮УкʡɴӰƮƮɴһӨ飬ԱϧޱȣʣǺˣ
ӯӯ𣺡񼽫ź
ؼ룬һƸŮӣ˵סδΪαѰź£
Ůһ㶣Ҳδ뵽ʻ֮࣬˵ˣ㣬Ůӣδޡ
Ůӣ޶˱ѰȻȥҲƣ
Ůһҧͷһ۰ﲨѱѰƣһǰ飬Ը
ü罣˫ĿһУһֻڹǷ֣ס°ͣϸݣãֱ˿ͨ졢һż¶һĨЦ˽
˲ԣֻԹԽóֻһ˫ְѹͷϴϣ˿ãݽӲƬ̣תۿֱֱ˫ĿһƬ䡣
ˣꯣԭһӣǲʮ֮һȪɽϼµӣ޵ʮ䣬ʴ˱仯ˣŮӲڻ¡
꯷ʦɽܣʦ彪ɸҵڶ³漴ӵʦ崫˧սֵͨ·˵֪нս˲ٻغϣʤ
飬ʦ
̰ɫҲƻɱӣʦԾ˵ʦ壬һƣɳ
˵
꯱˵̰ɫ꯱һˣʱɫǻ裬˫ȫȻһɱ֮
ü˷ȻδȻǿɱ׼Ҳܾ֪ϸɣʱڶ³ҲáҲա㵱Сġ
꯵ȥҲ
ڴ齵Ⱥʱż٣ӺɴӰԼԼӰȥսֻۣһϮ£ڹ󣬴з罫۴ҡҷ͸ʿУֻߵüǵӰںñ飬нŲѡ
˿Һ죬ȷòܽԵ
ֻһֻڹǷ޳ֽ֮üĿ罣䵭ʣǺˡ
һû뵽ӹ̰ɫģǰװ˷һƤң
ǵϻ˿Ҫһ㣬ǷòòֵǣƲߣҪӦ𻰣ֱķң
ʱѹסֻԷһ˫ǳ۵һƬ䣬ȵǺˣһΣ
ĵãæһѹסϰ䣬شǽȣһȴѲã
꯶ʱд󼱣ֲԭò˿ģʱϥǽһߣ꯶ʱʹѣап࣬ͽղ֮ǹκδ˷һȱݣ֮ʱȫʧػҪϥһҲ˲æԭ
ԭʮ䡢תղһ֣
ֻһ㽫ذʱλֻһҲӲģ
ؼæۼֿһѽסͷвǷȡͷ׷룬ʵ㣡
һԴ󺰣أ
תۿʾļ꯼˫ĿһΣŹ֣ţ׵üۣȻģס˿¶ˣȻڴ˽Ըϣߣʹɱ㣬ѡĸ
ͷҡͷֻܶգۣ˵ҷ𻰣㲻ɴУɱ㡣
ǽַſش˿ʮʵԾ˵ӢμƲߣ¶ȻȫȨϡ
꯰ЦȻӢۣ˵ұģֽɷģҽ㱧װȥͷ£ˡ
˵ӢۺβɷģҲʡĽ±ãУȻ¶ˡ
յ˶ϻ
죬꯴˼ƣرΪŮӣסһɽסţӱԴԷͻȻƻƲߣȻԼԻҲΪ˹ͣԸ
˵ͱ䣬ϸݣסַſ˫֣׼رΪŮӡ
ʱľšѡһ˴ߴ򿪣ֻưὣ
ǵ˴˵¶ˣסһʱδὣ
ưһţطҲ󼱼˹˱ǽ֣һλס
꯼˴˽֪²ãƬ̻ң򶨣ʱֱܷˣа취
취æó꣬һǽҲűһѡ
ʱһģһòҲͬư볹ط˽Ƿֱ治ˣǴ۵Сۣ֪ζźá
٣һԱ֪
ʣ֮ͺ꯲ϵǽЩ£٣һǽ֪ѰҲ֪Ǻã
룬ֱؿһ̣б֮סǱ֮һͷܵסꣿ
ֻǼһϣȻܲæԭԾתղֵ
Ǻε񽣣꯲һé®Сɣ⾭ս֣ղ֮ͬһͱ
۵ôһš
ʱѱԭưܡط˽Ҳ徭꯱̣ҳطϵˣǵзͽһԱ´£ǵн
æ˽Χס꯴ʱ˫ѵȭֱУɫ࣬˽֪ǺͷתҲãֱȥһǣд󱯣ɵδɣվҪ
س齣ЦӢۣǹԹ־ܣھ
δͻȻһȮУֻһݶȮ¶񱼶˽գһڽڽǹҧ˽ǵֵס
꯼δϲæһֻèǺȮһڽﳤȥ
ء
ͻȻӹզ𣬻

оҹϮ


23 
ʱ, ӹһ죬ʹڶʱҲ
ʿ׿磬ִǹ𷭱һ֣һ̱ٳʦ
رǺ᲻ָ, ʱȴա
λعǽ߸, ҹϮоӲһƬ, ִ, ذɫȥǧԴϰúʹ𣬹, ֻз˧һ, úǧֻԡֱֱλڣ·һһһһɽĻ, ǵŴڣλɴ
ǻһմϹؿľ, 㱻һͰˮֻλ׼ؿǱˮ, ԷϮǳɰǧʿ翸ľͰˮװ, 𶥻ˣˮɻ
λͷʳǽҲվ֣ϻһ£һŭֱֱȥ
ڳǽУǹ͵һţɱ𣺡ߺˣ
³һ͹һ˧æסʻʱŭƥҲϵãǶ֮ӽĻҲүүսȡ㹷
ֻĻƴ󵶣ս죬һƥѪ׳ݸӲɱ׺ֱָ죬𣺡ƥɱӣŲԣƥȴڸģΪŰȽеɱ⹷ȡǻ
ݴŭһԣֱǹǽĻսٻغϣ˺˳죡һ㱻һִֻӺ泶סݻͷһֻһף˧ڳ죬һѱһڣ˺
תͷһطҲŽףʾ԰ּ꣬ڳǽ֮£ʮ𣬺һʹɣưھǰָӣԴͻʨֻһֱҧоҪ
һԭΪȸʿˣҥǰסں󣬴Ĺ˧ս
Ƭ̻㱣ʱӢۣ緢о޵УűУʱ꣬·һ
ֿطӢˬһԣ΢΢һҡͷ͵ؾѣԭڼҾ֪ʱҲҥԣ
εӢۣεȹ䣬ǰˣҶ˾ıѱãͭȱȻػģ
ڳǽУзΧ⽫ӳóȻƣ˫лӰҡҷüĿƽѣ촽򣬹۲ϲŭΪΣⲻһ񽣣һ·˳ᢣֻ˰
ĻϵֻԶԶǽվһˣŽףò忡˧ڳ죬Ȳ־ݣòɣ
ʳ·ָֻգƽһĻ
лС᲻أϲŭ۲֣·ֻҪһĻһʱĪΧͽȻɻʵǺˣ
㷽˵ҪɱǺˣ
ǽĻСʶǰ˻ᶫ³󣬶ʶûҽҹҲ˵ǵ񹲷ߵĶ£
ݸϽƿɫֻɫ糣ֿ˵εȶ£˵һȲס
쳣·˶˵Ļͷɱƽ̸£ˣ۲⣬Ҳͼְ˼˵ģ·é®֪ķӣ֮˲٣ڴ˽ǵ£һλشƶ񣬱ȻĴңҶ³񹲷֮£Ȼҷ˵λؽҹƣ
Ļ𣬴ڣȲ֪Ե߱Ȼ࣬ҹԴ˫ţ£˿ͽȻսý˳ڣѸ£ᶫ³֮ʦΪ̳ӦֺȻҸͶʵпԣ
ؿڣԸꡣ
ǽĻ׹Ĭֻɽдףִлֳڣ㱾ΪͯھΪ֮ĸޣ£ֵ´ӣһȴ槼Żԣں͹ͬܣβߣ
سĬֻʾ˵ǻȻŭĻٽһΪӣҪòᷢҲֻҾȻɱޣȴҲҪӣӽΪӣӣΨһѪҲʳӣοӣ׸٣˲òɣѱ鳼󣬱ȫʧѳɿܣȻóɱӵĶ£ȱΪ̳Ը˶ࣿȻҪ볯ɱ鳼ȳǣȻ½Ϳ̿
һƬкã˷߷ߣ³ʿλھĶҡ
ֻλسǽˣĻԣĸƴЦ
ĻŹ֣ԣʵЦ
˵Ц㡣
ĻŭЦҿһ˲ţӢȴ˵֮ˣ˵˵Ⱥڰ׷֮˽ǷǷ壬ȻΨһ˸ƴЦڳңȻػŵ䷴˵
Ц⣬ɫƫ䣬˵һ䣺㣬ĵ˶£
ĻֱֱԼ˫Ŀһʱ侹ֻЦһ붫³Զ;˵ˣ
ĻŭĪҪ˵λᶫ³Գ裬
ĪҪ߳ŭصڣҷ
Ļ룬߳ŭ˺ˣռſͷˣ˵÷Ƶֱŭŭղգֻñס
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ĻŭӶңȻԲѣڳ
߳ŭˡЦֹȻǲϲȽʵ顣
Ļ߿׳̣𼱹ģ̵ֱƷֲͣܶס죬Ȼ˿³ã˵
ڽʿͻȻһתͬ³̾һͬɨӣ֪ҴƷɻ֮
Ʒɻһսս޵Уҳ˾˲֪
±нӦͣȾ
ǻƷɻ֮ã󹬣ȴ⽪ɱһŭȣ˵˵³ϣǷ£һ
˻ͬһ׹ףֱ˸εǽĻܹȣȻĻŭȣ
俴֤֤ڣ̴ңҳǿ֤С;˵֮Ǹ٣ָ򽫱ʿǣģѷɶ³˽֪³ƫλ·Զ·ҳ˲봫վȻұҥԣԷ̰Ҿ֮ģɶ
Ļ廰ȴݲ׳һڽʿ֪Ϊαں͹
Ǻ͹й֮أڴˣֹɱһһ񼫣Ǳıɱ׷ǲ߱
ɱ߱񼫣ն֮ﰡֻں͹δ̫ˡȻǾԼ£˵Ҳգ
Ļŭ޿ŭֻʣε֪
ش𣺡³֪Ʒɻݡȸɽо֣죡
Ļ˵һ֮ʣţ٣辡ң;֮ˣ˵컨׹ڰ׵ߵԳһ죬㲻ҡİˣǶλӱ׷ɱڶ³²ü٣
شһλӺڣǸҵ˵ɱ֮ᵱ㴦ãжҶʣ
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Цһſտڽ̸ǲʶ£
һĻ󾪣
³Ȼ˱ǡӹ޵ӡսףӢ䣬˫Ŀڰ׷ֽ˵Ҫ죬ƵѽĻŭ죬￴ӹǱܿգ˳ᢣһ㶨˾ģ
Ծš
شȵĻݣ
Ļһȣּ̻̣̲סҪϥݣѱסܿҥԲƣ³ʦڣҳ̣Ȼ˹ƻĻǹˣһ֮ϣǷԱķ̣´˴ǰΪǷǣ
Ļ˵ԴУ֡ˡˡĺҡڲͰɽƺεȼѣãҲҳӡıλɰ˱һаһճ³Ҳһʵأ·Զգ
ʱĻһսһĻ˵Ī˵ԲİˣλͶ³ü٣³Ѿ죬л·ڲͶһٽȣ
Ļγѣ˻һ̣лͷ³ֲǼջǵС򣬲󻼣һȻҹͷ̣òΣο槼ǰ˹ףһ嶨Ȼ֮أ
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Ļ˵δޣòɣһ¡
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λ˳УֻǽĻһ˦ΪǿռޣҲ
Цδ޿
Ļŭǣ
˵˵ҲɣµڹУ֪Ҫ
⻰˵õˣڳͽӣʣ˵ҪҴɫ֮ԶǽĻ˵δ֮ɣǱɶˣ
Ļŭ˵ȻǿŮ£޶У
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Ļԣˣƣֻŭԡ
սȴʣΪҪлĪǿռޣǿ˻Ҫл
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ĪҪһתĿ˼ǲ£
ؼֿͷϵ˵Ҳ챦֪ȻѰˣ㲻ֻ뽪Ļ˵Ļ˵˻޵㣬δ֮ޣӣ
Ļһ㶣ּʿڿͨ죬˵ǣγԣ
˵һֻè
ĻŭαسϷŪǿռǰ˵˵ں󣬴ںεأ
ϣǰν
λͷʿսǽձУȫ׼ԷĻͻȻѡ
ֻɫ΢˵ǹ³ϷŪδޣ䣬ʻǽ㿴Ƿǣ٣
Ļһ㶣ȴŭγԣ˵ã˵
زȥᣬ꣬Ļعʣ˵ŮӣһһŮӣˣ˵ǲǹֱᣬȻ类亦ǷȥȻҪȥ㣡λض˿ֳ֤ԭΣ
ضסһЦԭһֻèһֻͬڹѱܻڹд˷䣬ǹ¼ʱĻ֪ʱñ
ĻһԣǽͶף˵һɵΪŹ֣ηмӣҲ·һԣľս³Īֲ
ֻһŭȣѰγ󽣣һߣֱָأøʦ֣
˻һ³ǹŹ֣Ĵңոյֱʦ֣⻹˵ã
΢̣ʹļģԾڴˣ壬³´üأ˽⿪Ƿǣ;֪
³ҡĻ֪룬սǷգд󽣳طλسǽ֮ϣ¶ɫһشȥ
λڣսæһݣط˿Ǵ޾ɫһצݳݵ̻⡣
ǹһţһϣɱʩ³һ壬Ҳ壬ıλһҳӣ

¡һλؼعŻִ̳УɱڣͻԱһ㣬ֻһ£潫ɱȥ
Цֱסǿзɱľų꣬γ꣬һ
=========================================================
˵꯱èȮӪɫԣҹ״в죬Ͻǰ鿴
һȥһǣʱɫࡢϢԭǿڣʦ壬һŹ֣תղ嶼ܷ꯴ʱȥһǣһѸ֪ǹֽɱ
ɱǣǺΨɢɱο壡ǽ
ǽʮУϵꣿָ˿·ֻͷʹ
̲סһǲ༫ޣ˻ʦΣ֪ȴڷ
һŻعæȮȥʦˡ
·ͨ磬֪Ȼʶǽְ취Ȼܰ꯲ȫǡ
Ҫɻè˱ȥǽƣʧһǣֻúһʱè̬ˡ
Ȯס󾱣ˮѽèëʪ˸磬һҲʦ彪˱
ʱںȴ֪ǰ߷¡
޵֮ˣ֮ٿ±Ȼ֮ɽܡ
Ů˷ʥĴܣڤڤȻ֪Ϊ
Ϊȣƣֻرܽ٣ܼ죬ڶ࣬
ԾΪϣ߱ʤ
ȥ᪳ıȴżӼձȻҼǫѷΪºʵˡ
ӼԣʧɱӣȱȻӲܣ²ΣӣỤͶλȥ˶³ݺᣬʵڿ֪λڶ³ҪͿ̿ʦúã
룬᱾ǷܾյüܾȻơĻ£ǼԷ飬Ϊλָ;λǱ轫׷Ѱɱü٣ȣȣʧ֮£ܾ˿գὫȥ³ģҲǹ͡
³ǶսҲս̸ȥͬһ
⵱ȻҳģϷأԶᣬƽ񣬱Уƽֳգʴս㳶Ϲϵ˳ȥҲ˵
Ƕüţ˵ˣһҳݣ˵Ҳ׺Щ
Ƕ˵Ůôأ֪ڴˣȻǺã
ǧģβǧʦȷϲߣ
֪̬ССλλǽţ޳ط˳ıߣλظϼѣ
³ӵ۱һССλأ
⻰ῴ֮⣬вϲ㼤ټ˵ǶıֳֵȻزǬ˰գ
˻ػ˵ձȻɲ˴ҿ׼Ȼзģηηšհǰ˺Ҳ˰ˡ
δսλҪʱʱδսһҲδɣ˵ǧ˵ǣƶб
ǡˡǲͽɽһ·λСͲ󣬱ȴʮ˵ã˽ǳé®֡
ʱδ˽δս˲˵·˶ֻɱӲ
λ־Ƿӣ˶֣
˵ãǰ䲻ǰǰ֮ȴ֪࣬ģ׼ˣ
λأ붫ѲúüıǲȥһʧҹϮָͷǡ亹ֱһ
һ˿
ͷߺͷ󺹣㲻ɴȥǰ߿ʵ顣
ҰοΣǷǵҶ֣
Ӻ󷽸ǰսݱ˵һ浹֮ƣ
һ˵ǣҥԣֳеֱǽĻûͷݣֳŮȲ֮£³սֿںʦ֣¾Ĳȣƶټ
λڽʿ෴ǻ磬ֻһ£ͳȥͻһ㣬³ű֮һɱƣ
ʱ죬ɱ죬ɷǱҲȣҶӣӰصҲֻ֣һем˾ͿǱǵǹҴ̣ҵ㣬ͷ­ҿǲȫһööɳսӾɱ
¿Թأ³սýڽڰˣĻս°غϣƣڳѪ򣬲ݣ
ǽͷǾųִ꣬ɱ
Ǳײֻһҫۻ𻨣զ
˫ѳѪԽսԽ֣ԽԽ˼˱ɽɽ֮֮˵֮ûδɱסʦ䷨ޱߣ֮ңȴ֣бǺΣʦȻǳ˿٣ʦֱǱס
´ʦںδ
شҲֻרʹ
굱ô꣬ɵ˵ɶֵܵһֿһ꽣ս˿ֲˣһԽսԽƣԽսԽͣտʱҲִʱʻش
һԼ״ʮֵǣɫף亹ֱӢüۣƣޣ߱Աɱưֵнɱһɱ죬ѻԡѪȴ˿ǣȥرȻҪԴ
д󼱣ֲҳ㣬طġֻһһƫ˴ϲæѽؿһ̣
˼ôһʶִֽ۰һδ룬һʵˣ
걻У۰һᣬɶҲûشУæͷи͵Ϯȴֻ޿һ񣬼ǽץסʱһ̣
һɱʱУ˫Ȼʧϣͫ״󿪣ƴŤתֻؿһδѱƤ⣡
ѪʱĽѪϸգѪ䣬üۣһһƬ䡣
ȻĪ֣æżһ㣬һӸ߸ߵĳǽȥ
ǰߣĻæס³ѱɱýڽڰˣʮǣɱֻʣǽĻҲΧôѵǹĻʦ״æˡ
Ļһֻּʣбܽ׷ʹвʣȴֻһ
ߣæȥ׷Ƕ³ֳСĻԽԽԶֻǽϴһ£
ձգ
ֻôһȥ
Զһͷ̧ȥ죬˸ڳǽ֮ϣбһ˦첻մϸۿ˺˫ɨ˹
ңңԶԶ治ɫֻúһɺѹֱֱ͵һˣ˫ֲڵء


24 
λشʤس, ݵʰսϸĩϳ͹ڼϸط˼˫ɼȻսδδɱǽĻ, вʡ
ط˵, Ϊ㿴ˡ
÷һ, Щ, ֻó¶һƬƤˣط˽ǹźãֹ, ս⡣
طϤĽ, ĸ, ӳëɫͻȻڣ˴αȻô͡
ݻ, ̾һ䣺ϧδȡ׼
ط̧ۣ˵սǴã֪, Ī׷
Ǿų꣬Σ
˵
طҡͷֻ˵սλʤ, ³Ļ㲻£Ǿų꣬սǲġ
һ˵ῴ¸ǽѪȻǱɱòأ᲻
ط˵㿴Σ
˵սȽǶԴĹۣҥƣҴ˫ȫġ
ģ
ЦҲˣ˧ˣս󣬴٣ȥ˱֮ʿǴޡ
طĿ΢ֻ˵Ĳס
ݼ̾ʣ˴̾Ϣ֮⣬ΪΣ
ط̧ۿʱȻѶɵˡ
üɫ糣ˡ
׺أˡ
طֻһȫã˵
ػصݣǺȥ⽫ӳýīɫ
һϮǳɫ£ȾѪѪɿݱӲȡ
ˣѪˣȥ
ȥȾѪۣ¶һϸˡ
˿ڶǼϸǱĵƬˣƤϸףϸһһ߲ϸʹ
սΪ̫嵥ˡɫ԰ף飺ҩУҲһزס£ְһһէˣȻҪ֪αض¶ˣ˾ġ
ʮֻۣ˵㻹Ҫȥ˱Լ
šɲڲѪ۵á˻һֻ˵̣ģ
˵´Ӳ˱಻ūˣңǾʹū˱Ǵֺͣαʥݰ
вѱѪȾ죬ϴһΣ˵˱нˣ޹ʣΧһ˱ضճƣ·޿ʱɵģⷬٶʹ͸
۽΢ݻ֮ͣ⣬ֻ˵Ҳ֪ش˶·ǿģ˳ᢡ˵ˣضأ
һĿƣºһЦҲһڴ˰𣿡
㶣ʧЦֻΪսȻҪ𣬻ҲԹ޻ڵġ
˵ҹ֮սǹͳ죬Ҫܾˣ²㡣
ҡͷδһս˵
¶ȻǽĻ˵˶ֻһȻǿǿʶΪ¡ҥԣ
ΪԼ˫ţܽ󳼱粵޻֮ʱԿޣմմϲտ㣬ԼͯЦ㽫ǽĻǣݣͬ涺㣬ߴߴ컨׹Ƶͽʹֳ԰ս½ҹ浱Ҫһһ³ʮ֮ˡǺ˫ս³Ҳҳӣ֮ȻĴ󶯡ǹȻܼʮһ
ҡͷα̧أԼҹǴս꣬ȻҪ
Ҫ˵ͻȻۿۡ
õüᣬǲ˲СƵģϰɵ֪оһˡ
ؿ˿ɫʱѽˣʱ򻹻˭
˼ɾӴϣţ־ʹ򿪡

δ뵽ſͻȻһæ
ԼӳգվһŮŮ㣬ֻ֪վš
ʣΪڴˣ
Ůͨ죬ֻӱóƿӣϸС£Ů֮Ů䣬ĸǲҩ
ؽӹҩƿŮ˵ҩĸֵƣһҪá
أطˡ
ּŮִٲ˫Ŀ֪ںδ˵طǲҩ
ŮǺ죬Ƭ̺ųĸֻҽҩſڣ˵ˣȻ֪ȴҩĸ˵ϻӢôҩȻλؿģ˽ϵȴˡ
Цط֪²֪
Ůһ̧ͷڿһʱ侹˵Цĸ׹δ񼽫ôޣӡɷлˣ
ŮæȻģл
Ҳлˡ
˵
ػȥúòĨҩȻЧѡ
ּſվʣطǲ
ҡͷֿһۣоִ٣ŮŰҩ
ЦﲻˣѵóطҩҩЧ˵ãҲǴˣμġ
Ƿ˵ΪǾԼҩΪ˼ͣ㼱ŮΪҩΪͣ
ؿּڣŮˣĸ׹ΪϺҩͿĨϤİٰҩ˴һźĸ˵ģƲźãֻҹҩͿĨˣŮ룬١ɰҩ
һü˵ưܸǰҲ֪ȷʵ˵Ҫضʹ
ȻѾˣսʱưܣưܴδҪ˵ľֻƤǿ׳һҲںȾƳ⣬Ӳʹһ£վˣҩ˯ս
ܱȵģϢ˽Բ֪ѻˣֻÿλոת佫ˡ
Ҳ֪óҩܺõÿ죬ּΪϿң˵Ǿ͹ˡ
˺ҩ
ط˼״üͷ壬һս份˵˽ʣΪȥ
֧֧˵ڣط˺εȴϻۣǹˣһ״֪λ£֪̾󼫣ȴҲǼࡣ
ɫǺ죬ĸ˵Щ
ط˵Ҷ᲻֪ҹǴȷһ˲ţλŮӱȻĽĸ˵ˣǴ˶˳ᢣ¾ΪŻѪĸײŲԸӽ˽ȥ
䲻ʣĸȴ˵ԸҽӽѲɷƽӹźã
ط̾㸸ã֮顣
䲵Ļ£˱Ҫȥ˵飿
طֻĿǣ·һյƣ˵Ĳƣʴ壬ϻ۹ˣŮӣǱģΪ޸٣Ҳ޷ڵһҲضǶźãȻܽúδҲ˵٣ŮҪĩģɻ
ط˴ԣȴȥ槼ʢ裬ջʫ³飬ĸ˵Ůӷĩ
õӡ
ҴӲ˵ػ·Դƽȵλ֮˰㣬ᣬ˵˴Ҳ֣Ȼϲģ
֪òȲ槼ȴ룺ⳤô˳ദңվ飬ġ
ǡɶ³Ծλһս£ϢճˣҲ޴£³ĸٳȥ̽ڷ硣
ؽ£Ҳ޷ư֮㱻Ӵ粽룬꣬˵ƻεȷڶ࣬ȸԾȥ
ؼ˫ĿֱͷкЦǷ˵͹·


25 
˵, 翪ţģʢˡ
³ĸٳ˼, ĸٳҲ, , ֻȵطڶഫ, ɱţףֻŵƽʣ, ͨ, ŮʢԸ, òŮĶ࣬ö֮ǳ˻Ե֮ˡ
˸ģλؽû
ǷҲ, 󣬽󣬶໥üŪ, ̬ḻ
룺䶨ȻôʱҼüŪǿԣֽ̬Цҿȥ, ᣡҺγȥֻ˾ţһë⾰ۻңƳʳڴţֱͣȻҲһ棬Ҵ粽룬ֲôȥκζ٣˽ŮӣǸ˵
俴㣬˼Сòῴɫ˫ɶԣŮ棬ΨⷽͬУ·Ѱȥ
˹⾰Цֻ˵λҹ㼷üŪۣ˽䣬·ڴĪǶ໥أڶмվţֱľ׮񡣡
ػͷһ濴ཻƻǷ˵ȸԾǷֱʹȥѲ˵
Եʮһ׮飬ԵǴ£رͣ½Ų˵Լˣùܹ£¶߿
Դ󼱣һ˿²ףҵԣزŴ
ͲöˣȴҲ֪ô߿ֻ˵ѽѽţˡ
ؿˣЦսɳˣˣܵȥɣعܹ£¶Կ
˵Ҳ˿»Ҫ۴³ǷѱɲèǼβˣˣңʮ棬Ըģ˵ĩ㲻ŴˣСġ
ưܿģȻҪһ٣ưڹڲǧҲֳһ٣ֻ
磬Цˣס
ϣǰȥһߣģӰʧֻһ۾Ϳʱί˫ͨ죬һɽžͣ
ģȻ֪Լ˴һʱ̰λСô飬οĩ㡭ҪȥģұȥҪȥѰҲһȥ
Ƿһۣˣôһˣ죬ȻԼ̰棬ȴңҺ棿
밲οǷһ˦䣬Ⱥ㼱æȥѰǺεȷ࣬¾ѰˣнλεεĹ̴ӣһ˿Ҫ£㶵תתþûδǷ䣬ҡͷԣһˣ˺ӰϷǺϴ൷ģתȦȤſűִЦгʳ뵣ͰǷԺ
ȺܣȥǺӱߣίÿһǾô䵭·˿Ů֮飬бˣˣ㿴ɫ֡Ǵߣп⣬Ц֮Ĩᡣ
Ǻӱ߷£ţƮƻ߸߹ӵĴεǹӰ߲þһ˶ɺĨۿ·˴ί
˳Ϊζ
ͷһֻһһյƿ
Ͳ̫±ҪСأòȴҪ֣꿴Ҳ˼ٿޣĨᣬصɢˣѰ·еǰˡ
갲ҲɢѰ·ͬ
䡮͡һЦԭ˵˻ѻȴģЦʣЦ
˵δЦֻȤ£ͻȻЦˡ
˵Ц˾ͺã㻨ò˲̡
⻰죬ϸüгɫʣǷΪɢ
ҡͷС±ι
ԵɣΪΣ
¶ռһİŮƹģ̾Ǿãߴá
ز֪ȻɢǷһİ̸ֻ߿˼Щ⣬ҲȤζ
ЦֻС࣬ȴ뿴Ƿüλڿ㣬ѲɰػδС⣿
ֻɵСèСèɿɰᣬ˵ģû㾫ɣó뻯һʱ㿴񡣡
ЦСʱһ㣬ǶС⿴񣬹¿Ͳ󣬴ϵռ㣬㲻δڶѡ
յƣͷдʫգǵƣŹߣ͵һͷȥ
ЦŲŹ£ߣʱ͸ˣҹ³սɳٰϷ
ҲãֻߣֹСͷ飬ΧˣȴǳԽ̳£Ǽ䣬˴ͷطɡ
˴Ǻ«һһèһһ«ֻЦˣţҪȥǮඣ
Ҫȥһ㣬Ⱥںͷ󺰣ߵõ¾Ѱ㣡
Ⱥ˵··Ͳ̷༷ռ˴ĵиֺӰϷˣǹա裬ˣӵǲлŮְǮֿǱǴĸǣʳұƽЦ֣ԶԶһѹѹͷֲЦòڰס
ߵദۿӰȥ̯Ⱥ򣬿ЦǧٹߣߵݸǲͬŮٽУǿء
룺밢ϢཻѰԶ˯ѣи֪ΪѰˣ
ֿ죬ƻַǷ룺ǽ̫࣬Զǰ֣Ѱ
ЦЦŶȻˣ֪Ķִ࣬ߣãͬͯϡҿȸԾȻԣһѰҲŰݡ
شʱȻһԿңҵѰңЦһ룬ҲȤҲȥѰ
ֿͣͣϷȤ£סλضȻ˵
ʱͻȻ˻˾䡮
Ƿ䣬תͷѰȥǷڳơرȻ
Ⱥյƹ˫ĿֱֱȸԾԭڴ˵ذѰá
ָ˶ӹյƣͷһǵϣƻסӰʵʵģӳڵϡ


26 
ش, ȺͣͣҿЩ⣬ʵɣ᲻óԡ
ѷֿóʱ, , Щ, Ϣ, Ѱܿ죬ȴôã
΢ͣһ, ֽǰȥ
ҹԽԽ, Ҳ, ƻȼ⽥Ӱɺ, ֻ˲̸Цһתһ, ֻЦ·쳣
ĵġɳɳĽŵĥ֮൱, 󲻽Զֻ߰˲룬һǽŲУתͷͬǿһˡ
ʱֵˣɶ˽ѻؼֻԶԶóĴãˣϷ̷̯س̣һߴˮӵ˸˸뵣ؿ߼ߵӱߣһһץ
ץһ
ɫƣؽץסҲѣֻԼ
ǵʣ֪ڴˣ
ɫ΢䣬ֻǺˣһֱסңкξģ
ǵЦָס㣿ˣ·ͨǰߣҲǰߣҲͬ·˵ҸţĪ·ҵģ·㶼£
ؿ˵㲻˵ֻ˵Ҫ
ǵ˵Ƽˮ꣬ΪҪ˵
ؼˣȻҪֵףֹ۲ǺĿģԹԵߡ
ߣǵҲߣߣǵҲߣعͣסһʯ£Ҫ
ǵ˿ͣסɻʵҹΪҪͣסѲ޼ҿɹ飿
زִֻ𻨵ƣϸϸǵʫ䡣
ǵʣÿҪ˾ã
زǵ˵˼ȣΪλס棿Īݳªˣ
ϼ棬ֻδȡ£ȷʵЩƣǵ˵ֲ֪Ŀĺڣǲȡ
ǵ˿Ƭ̣͵ȡ£
ٶ֮죬ӰӶδ
ѽǵ˺һ䣬ָתߣЦ˸Ƥ࣬ΪҪŹߣĪ֮ϵĹƻ
ؼߴߴ·ҪʳʮΪʲôһ̨ʴʳ𰸾ͲݣΪʲôֱ޾һȣҪ˵Ҷˣ
ǵ˺ǺһͻȻһѽ
ز֪ΪͻȻֻƿڣе࣬Ҫˡ
صͷһҪڻˣèԺһƬǵ˿˵࣬Ҫһ
ؿʮüòûߣ˵ȴ红ͯߵ·뵽ʲôʲôֱֿ࣬Ҳ֪ҪΣʣҪĸ
ǵָָè״࣬رᣬתǰսͫףԳһĨɫסأè״࣬һڵԴЦڣ㼫ˣ
ء
غԶԶһлģͷһǿ̽ͷֱЦ
ԻּյƸǷԴһɻ
Ƽ˼Ƭֿ꣬ŲأЬմ¶ˮˣǵʮоŲϣһʵѹַŸоԼ˲٣ֹǷģȻǲϵˡ
ع˸񣬿ڳƣ
æȥ˵ز֣ڴˣѰþá
һͷһԹһˣǹŹֵӰȫޣֻһӹĶڵϣȻҧøɸɾ
ȥʣſʲôˣ
ҡͷҲ֪ǵкĿģ˵Ҳûãֻ˵δˡ
Ƿվһԣһ䡢һģ·𿴲ʶѰܣǹŹ֣˼Ŵ㣬˵ҪߣҴȺȻѰֻѰѰסˣ·Ѱʲôˣһ˱ݴЦ׽ȻѰˣ
˭
ϸ忡ֹţһòãվһҲȥƻɺ㰵֮·һ飬ֻվס˿Ʋۡ
˼΢΢һЦ˸񣺡أˡ
ЦúÿֱҲæ˸·һ㡣
ա󡯣˿㣬ĸλˣֿǰ׽ϸһ룬˻ʲҲ˵˼
ʱɢաƻȣ˽ߣԶּ㽹Σһˣ㼱ܹվһˣڱ˵˽˭
¾еˣҲϵã˵һĸգΪʶģ
ϸֱҡͷδʲԶҰɡ
˻ؽڣǲȥȥݣֻ˵ǹѰսá
ͷֹ۴嵥ͿƲ󣬲佫˻˵üأΪ̬ȽǻŴˣشǴͷ
طҲأֻƽʣλأ
غͷڳƣˡ˵Щʱĩ·;ңԶղǵִ
ط˼мӣ׺ͣЦ糾ͣʰϷʹҡ
صͷһ˵˸ưʰסᣬ½
ط⻰˵ùŹ֣Ҳ֪˵ǺͷҲöʣֻ¡
ݰýȥţع
һ£Ҳֻƴգȭͷղϣ˵ʵ壬˽Ѳϵ㡣
һ˵ϲ
˵ȴǰ㻶ϲֻϵ˶·ԶںδҲ֪Ź˯ȥȴ˯ŵģ·ʲô
Цһʱʵ壬ȻǲӦģ˱á
Ҳ˵˱á
ּ΢ƣ룬Ƥ֣Ⱥ·;ңԶȻƣˣҲ˵ֻȥЪϢ
ػصݣȴǲ˯ͻȻʵӿȥԶ·ƣ԰ޣڴϰǵ˴
ؼ˿ȥĸʱ޴󰭣оȻ°ޡ
ϰǵʵҲ㣬ˣˮ泩ؼ˵ãϰ
˵λشܶ³³ʵڴˣǶ³
ưھдءݡط˵һһıǶ³ƣķķ׹뷽跨Ҫȥ̽顣
˽Բ³٣ֲƶ³ǰ㰮Сϸָһؿڣ˵ؿһƣֱܳ롣
ǹؿأǶ³ѹؿҪܹ£Ȼһٶҳӣȴüˣ˵ʵףһȻȲǷãνǲ岻Ѱ
ҲǵҪʮֲףȻǿˣʱͻȻ߷Ѿ˵˽·ᵽˡء֣÷
ϰǵȳҪ֣ڼ˽û÷ǲԡ
룺СҲ֪ǺˣȻܱıȴĪ亰֪ҪģҲ£⼸ֱıǳδĹŹ֮ıһ˽Թ㲻УҿҪ
ҲһĪغ˽ǿʮֲ˼ֻʣ﷽ſ˵أ
룬˵ǰСȷ˵ˣʵش𣺡ȷ˵ˣʴк£
˵·;ԶֵطҪǰ˵ֻ֪ڱڶഫﲻޱǹ㣬֪ʣط˿˵
ط˼ŤȻǲڣǳط˱˵СҲġ


27 
ڽı, ط˱㽫份ʻ
طʣ֪أ
˫ĿҿĲɣһˣ˵ЩȤ£ء
˭
˭Ҳ֪, ˽δ, ֻƼˮ, ǻưӰСźӱ, ңңԶԶ÷·ɺӰȥ̸ֻЦº˵Ȥ°, Բ֡ΪЦ, ̸֮ʱ·ﻰ, ͬǰ֪һ㣬òѵĴһ,    ȴԶ¡ճͷֻһ, عƽ
˼һ㣬˺ӰϷȥŪʳſȴ̲ססˣ, ۻܹ˼Ǵһֲ࣬׽·Ǹºͽ˵ĵֻһ㣬֪ģ۴ˣҲĶˡ
ĸʣֻɢˣһɣҲ˵ݣ̸˺ö£˵˸ֿҪǴʧֵܣ˵޸ĸ޿ǿ
طüʣ˿Ƕ³ˣ
ҡͷǳģǹӵܣ˵ɢˣ˹Ѱŷֱ𡣡
ط˳˼ã˵ĸ˵¼
䲻֪ĸΪҪʣ˿£ĸ׽ĸ׽˵Ļһһʮ˳
߳ط̸ϣǲݣԳ˼ú󣬱ȥַ
һţһվţȻڵ
طüͷ壬񣺡ڵ
ػ񣬴ĩڵȷˡ
ط˿˵ЦЦ˲˭
طβһסԳһĨɫؼˣºЦ˲ˣ׶ϸĩ֮ԣĩȥˡĩԣǴ
طۿʣɲȼþǴ
ꡣչ°׵÷Σڵ͸ڣǴ֮ӡ
طһסʣã
ЦҲ²⣬ĩһ뷨
һ̸Եɣ˿ҲǷ
յͷɱȥ
ǧ꣬⻨Ǹɿݺþã񣿡
Ҳ֪ʣʦȻ֪
һʻľųƣ˵ģֻܽȥֻ˵ʦҲܣ֪ҽ׼ʦ岻֪
պʧɽţǹŲ֪ģлȻǧﵶҪͷ­һַϮʧˣ컯ǵ֮ˣȻ֪Եɣ󽼿ǰɣ
컯꼫ˣǷʦɽ˳˼ˣȴҪʱʱǧ꣬Ҫ֪֮ӣ񵹸궫³֪ǲǳУǧ裬·ģšŸüͷЦ˾ʮķ
ҲǣǰϷˬ죬ȴĪ߶ˣһңϱȫҾȴںӱ߼һƵ˵˽ʱҪ֪ǲڴ˵أûлɽ˺֮޻ټҲ˵ΪλƸеǧ꣬װ˷˿ϷˣҪʱ
ǧ꣡컯˵ڣˣ
һԼ𣬽ԲŵֻأҲȥּŨüۡһѷһλˣּᷳȻˣ㲻ٶʡ
컯Ծ죬Ҳ泩˲٣ǿݻֺʣ⻨ŵĹģ
ֻһۣ룺˵·𼴽Ҫ꣬⣬ұ㲻
컯ҲĻȻЦǧλˣ
󽼵ȻλܵͶ⹫⹫ȴǰֻ㽫ãƫԶ͵أܵ˴ѣֻһ˲ϲΡܾսڳֱ֮壬޵ܵһ¶ΨλЦֽ̬Уƽȴ·֪һ㣬˵ۿϲů
п࣬ĸɱ³ç߱۵ܵһǱֱһдڶ³·޹ʣŪ˵ܵܣǻ컯˵Ǹ汣ҲǼ࿴ˡ
컯ҲδеŵԹԵĽǱתˣϴֻ̨ǧһԶԿơ
ǽǽǺ壬ǱܻƤ⣬սÿһνɱҪѳѪս֪ʦҲڴ˽֮³˴ʦ彪۲ǽȻֱɱһǣ
˵ձȮȥʦˣһΣ󾪵ˣ
Ҳʮ뽫ˡ˵һ飬ȻèȴҲܿԣʱϢ΢˵ֻһһҲʦʺˡ
˼ʶ㣬ѧ磬һǱֹ۳ˣ֪Ϊ
üͷ壬æú꯰סȮһԡ
˵ʱסƣһ£ȴΪģʦ̫˷ڶ࣬ͨϰŵȻܰһѵġ
Ҳ֪ʦȥ½Ͷ̥ûУ
꯴ʱ޷ٱΣֻè̬סһͽСʡ˵ȮҲÿԷк̬
ʦȪɽϼҲûɶ̬ɷϼ˵伮˵㣬ûҲƽƽССֶãҲ¡
һڽдţƤ˽նɽһʮҲƲ뷨ڶཻ̫ãԡ
꯿ʦģŲöȻҪ̫ˣ̾˿ֻԼҪӽвǣ˺ˣúȥһѰٳսҲΪʦ⡣
˴ʱüͷ壬ȴΪƣΪ֮
˽ӦڱιͨУͽᱻ˽ˣ
˵˽ͨȫŲϺţֻп⣬սǻЩͷҲţ˽ȴ˼ȴֵעˡ
ҽɽҲ˼£ǽؽͨΪȻֱʮ죬здؽˣͨʱΪҲ֪Ҫα
ֹͽˣȥȲΪãȥ̫Ƕȥգ
꯻ʦţȴĲɡ
ն³ս֮󣬽Ųڤ˼룬սĿǽϸ߸ĵ
۳ǽǾȻ˥֮࣬ңԶһȴǾ·ƻӹ֮ˡ
ս֮²ɾţּսǶı˳ᢡǻ
ҵҪһ
ǺǻǣֻĽܾܷʤ
ʮ޲˵һ˼ǧԵɣзΣƽӹ
Ϊ̽˷ʵܸκ׼·ɱò³ܡ
Ե㲻Ǹˡ
ʦ~
ǵģˣҰ˽Ļ£Ǳǲı
һס׵ҪΪƶɱ㣬к֮£ղɱ㣬㻹
콿ЦʦɱȻϧ񡣡
ݺݡߡһ߶Ҳ
ӰֱʿȤڳԺɱɧŪסɡԳ治̣ĿڲһֿݿʣȴʿһŮ֮飬ŪԶ٣ҪʿǼ˾ӣ
ǽĶšòãҲ֪ǸմɽĶʿ˼գּܼ֣ճãҶܽŮ֮飬ٿģ
ǵòȻǫǫӣ¶̬ˣر⽪֮Ǻżˣ
ʯþûɣ槼ܳɽɫԻãȴ˿ҲȥɹǸʱ槼ȥˣòҲϸȤڹһǻȥ
ճڳˣһһ棬ֿĳúԵѰ
ȥ˭֪Ǹңסˣ⻹˵ãɷֱСΣӣϽʹˣ̧ͷһȻƤ΢죬Ȼǡˣ
þдЦ߹հ˹գֻıǺθڣ
˵þεģƣȥδ̤żǶһ
ҪȥѰأ̱ˣ


28 

δ̾Ϣ, һСожʮִأ
أüз٣
Сڣо˶ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣿡ϲʮλܹʮ˶ʮֻλأ
ʣǧΪδϲ
Сȥ
棡
ѹҪ, 洫лת, , ȥ޻أҶ³, Ҳɻһ鵷λأ
ıһƱֱܳ, Ҫؿƽ
βƽ
ЦҶ³ʱ, ˽Ҷ³, أȡ˸֣ȴһϹС, ɽؿڣϵһ죬ͨвˣ
һ, ̾Ҳһֱ룿
سأعؿڣɽҲɵִ, ǹؿ·ΪԽԽխһȻţֻܷסżɣһ򵱹Ī
ʣλ˱Ҳ˵عػǣҲ¾ǧٽǡһ򡯺˵ƶ֪ɽĻս£ֿδս컯֪컯Ҳδʤǧ˵ģ
Ļ㽫ƽ֪أ۹Ρ
ǡɻ컯ջ̣ܽͷʵʵİ˵ҹڴʦ廽أŶʦ壬һҪ˵
£
컯֧֧ᣬ붫ڿصǧ겻ˡ
󾪣Ĳ˵ʱ֮£
컯˫Ŀ죺ǰɡ
һ󳤺ൣֱ˵šǺáǺá̾˻ᣬƬͻȻͨ飬ˣн
ʣûò
컯飺ңһΪⶫʧȻҪҳԲ˶ߣ׼˭֪ⶫֻ̾˼䣬·λﲻǳˣѹ󽼳ȥʧ˵ܵ⹫ǲù
ʧǰ棬Źֵúܡֶʦ彪ָɫȻ֪ȥ·ʦԼҲ㱻ͽģҲһ㣬˿ĳɽ޳Կأ
컯ֹ˼֣ǧغúš
ʣ
컯סЦ⣺ǧ̾䣬ǱصϲΧת
ɫ΢ϲ·˵һ㡣
⻰컯Ҳˣָ飺սӢۺܡս˵ãǧҹ㶫·֣˽Ļú๫ӺүҲհǰ˺󣬽һҿ񽪺
컯ֿʵʦ廽컯
˵ɹ۹عؿڣ
۹ǧĶʧٵġ컯ʣʦҪǹؿ쳣
ͷ컯޵ǹؿڷлأɶ칤
ɶ칤
ǹŲţһѾ޸޸ͷǧУоϮǹǧҡΣһأƾ̵ǧ٣˵ǵУɥ١
˵Ÿһصȷɱǧ٣Ȼǧһش󵴣һȥɱǧ٣Ȼзֻǧ٣һؿյǧ٣бӵȻɽ
컯Цʦ壡޵սδ٣ʦƣǵоÿյҷͬбɱҷ˹Żһ

ؿյ֮ͽУǳûоɷ䲻˵ʱŸһɽоķɣ
գϲһ޺֮ǣ
ҵɱ˽ʱִӱɱȥλأһλرƣʮа˾ȽʿȻܽס
ͬ˻ʶǧŸ֮
ЦֹͣǻأŸɴɱɱ
ںδ
˵Īǣͷо֪Ҳͬǽġ
ͷá
Ƭ̣˵ǧɺεȽعأ
˵Ļعأɻƽȥλأ
컯۽飬Ȼǲͬ˷شʤʹоΪǰᣬλҲǺùģһ컯ֵƣԸ걩壬²סλֻ򣬵عأԲСݣгط˳ıߣǸǲܹƣı컯뽪Ļһ֣
Ƭֻ̣˵ǧ˷գӯȲ̰࣬в⡣
Ҳհǰ˺֮ˣԣҲͬصҪ¹ϳȻҪСģ˵ʹ̾ɱλأ
ͷ˷׵
ʱ̾ʮִء
̳̤ߣǾӭ죬ǱײϽжμʼմɣտ˺˻ӣ˧ɱ죡
ⷽԹ˧ڼ׺Ũīɰ˧ֱͷɸӲأһƥѪִ꣬ұǹ룬ɷ죡
ĲɣͷǸأüͷ壬λսعأֻطˡưܴһСأֵǡ
ȴʮƶؿƣսһѣ³ֲλأҲ֪ģ
Ǿ£ɥɶϷ
ȴ׮£طҲͬͬ˷
֪볹ط˺һ֣Ƿе֪иعŸ鲻֪ģ㱻Ÿ˷Եɣһأڻ֮¡ǣԳأҵŵȴСĴأ
볹ط˲²⣬ŻغܾܺܿڣŸԶŸزԶײ磬ԣ·鲻Ըڶ³Ѱŵֳӣȥſڶء
ǴͷȻܿš
ͷһƽصȷܣǸͷ֮ʱƽصǹȥҲǿеġȥ˽Żش򿪣ɳֱ룡
˭ȥǵǹأ
겻ɣ
ʱڹؿںսԳŸȻҶȻʹɱ̫̾ã޲ǳŸͷźãŸȻǱǽ֮
²ͬ⣡ʱԣ˷̫գҪȹأ
ؽһ飬ǽ˵ҲǿֻܿͨԶԶýһɨܶƽصǹŴƼ𣿡
ȥ꣬òһ꣬ǧѹ˿ˣ̾ǹá
ҡͷһ֮ɵա
˵Ҫȹأȴ˿ҷʮ򣬰̫ʦ붫³ģȷʵǺĲģΨп칥ұҪʮʤ㣬ȷʵѹȴҲ޷ƣ
طʱ˵ҲǵͷҲͬ󽫾˵
ط˲û˵ػһҪ£Ǳס󽼣λǧ꣬פ³ǲ
˼ãֶסؿ˰죬ſڣǵҪ
ЦӦˡ


29 
ʮعؿ, ࣬ͷңվؿڡ
ǹ񹤣֣ǹ̲סڣǹؿڣһɽԶԶһǷֲģ
˴θ, ܸư֮ưĹ, ȴֻǸ潫, һȷƽƽ, սɱнǲƷɻݵˣײԸ̫ȥѪɵɳǳսȴΪ, , Ҫս֮λҲá
ȴ, 츳ѣǸĸǣֲһ岻, ԸʣڽһƬжԸƽӹҵĥ, ַ³Ǹѻ
ȴֻԣվݲվ, ݣͷһһ࣬ɱ죬治ǸģһԼǲЦĸףǴߺá
˵أºͽˣһ·۽󿪣·֮ǰϰӲס¾ˣ
أͱ˼꣬˴бַ̣³Ҫλشе㱾£
ϸǹţֿΧΣǲ˺ս
ӣȡȹų
ɽǽͷ˴ŭ̫ɱӣݣǲƽϣնȻִ򣡣
̾Ц˳ʥ£Ҵ̹̩񰲣λһս㶫³Ӷҡҥԣ㽪һѰػģıλȴ˵գһٺôˮҹĴӴܣջ˵Ȼ㶫³֮ˣƤعǽһʵ
ǽͷĻһԴŭæðγҪȥɱǺ˵˵֮ˣֹ˵길ҵּıҲڳɱзǣư
ĻһϻǳԹ˵ġ
ŭ⣬һԹ۲̾һ۲ȴǴ󾪣
ǰ˧źڼֱ
ǰ˥֮࣬һһ̶ʱֵ죬˵ˣع
ΪΣü˼Ѳλһսҥԣģϣ
˽Ҳ̫ǣǿ࣬һչ¿ɳɡ
һвִ컯ɱս֮δɽѯʣҲ֪ǽͷֻԼ֪ǽǷδǽ˿
תսȴ
۴˽겻󣬿Ų佫Ѳк֮ˣҪϸˣȴ˺̧ͷһȻֱֱⷽ
ȻһǺУ
жʱסϸһؿȷʵһʧǲһпսȥӭս
š¡һͷųһִǹｫսһȴǴ򿪣·ӭڽ³
ս˭Ӧս
սִ̫ǹԲǴ֮磬ԼӦͷսҲһ󹦣ȥĩԸս
׼
ʣߺˣ
ǽǶ³Ʒн죬ҲǺˣ
һЦ渱㣡ȡ㹷
δϣ˫㳯ȥ
̾ǹ۶˴սֻ˫սʮغϣǵнѱ㿳߰˵ӣҡҡ׹Ѫ죬սˬ죡
ؽüŴ󿪣Ϊ˿гû֮٣
ĻЦ֪̽Գ塢αɾӣλݱ֪ˣС򶷣ȻгҪСͷ­Ŵҿ
ֻƣ˫ֲһϣһͷ­
̾ʿ𣬺춯أ
ǹŴֻһ£ǰ
۴״Էġ
ϸֻһսңңȣһ֧ɱţ
սأϷһְγǽ֮Ҳܸ֪
ۼҪض룬죡Ÿ
һԽĻ˵ʱʱδ㿴̾սһʱֻõս̾Ȼֹǰʱɱٰ
̾ʵֻ֣Ƶ̤·ǹŴ󿪣ֱɱ˿ȤֻսǼǹƥֱɱ
ĻЦؿл컯أսᣬͬĹһ㣬ʱ컯һնͷ­
ĻԸ⣬󼱵˶Ȼ컯֣ŸҲҪسŰ
ĻɫУﲻ٣սѳһ֮ˣҲرգҧŸ
ŸȻŸ翪ɽС̹䡯һȻ䣬̼ضɽҡ
δ䣬죬ֹ綤һĥϣƻһֻ˻ɶ꣡ǳӰûŸ͵һҡһ쫷磬·һεشȣӶȶ
֮Ĵֻӭһ磬ǿ类ȳǵ֮ƣƽػɳɳХսľ
أ
޸ľսǾ޸ƬƬ˸⣬ǹз·ѰѴ㶾صһһֱ룡ǳסӰؿڱе˸ĺ
ȻлŸһʱģ
ҽ⣬ʱܡ
ŸͷХҡ⣬˫͵ĽһУ˻һ񱼸
ŵƽԳ⣬ִֻһϵƽضĵǹƬսХһȻǹƥԾڣ
ǾޱŸһء
ĿɿڴֻסսǹƥŸֻһڹ֮ڣ˫Ŀüһս
Ÿɨ磬ҡڡ󿪴ϣе棬ֻһ֮⣬Ҳ޷ֻ罫ս۹ε죬ɳӰǵ֡
س˴֮ʱϸòֽڴ˵ز֮ԣ߽˰ֻ֣һꤣұһꤣмǿ׳ʿƴƶ棡
Ȼ˾Ųʮ
³ԳܴŸ˵֪Ÿϸĩſ˿أһؿؽأ˿ɽӽսʱһ£ҲеÿЩ
ܴŸӣδҪĴ˻һ뷨ش˴νǼ˸ˣһꤿء
ʱ³ѻǹƥһˣ³۱һһܴ
ؼִҪΧסЦһ󺰣³
±˷߷ߵ뻢ڣ˵󻰣
һӣ̫Զһֻһֻ¡һǴɵڵأ
³ʿǴ󾪣˺ֹꣿս֮ԶֻһǵˣѪ⣬ס
±⡣
صȻһõʵʮִϰ̵ͨĵպศɣս
ưĿڣ˭ҵһս
³·𿴲κһˣһսȴ־
ʱһ˰γ󽣣̤ңָأȡ
ؼǾų꣬ʣǺˣ
컯ñȻ˵ֻЦ̱Ҫɥҿɲ˱
һɫƫ䣬ʱͷ·֮
ƫͷһֻģǱӻ̳񱼶
Ǿ޸ңң׷ֻһҪͷ­ŻŽһߣֱ
㼱һڶ³ǰظôãָֻס컯󺰣컯ԭǵоս


30 
컯Ŀɿڴ, ָպʣ㣿ڴˣ
˵³³ȫҳӣҹ, ʮʵ, 
컯˵, з߷, ʶϲýǲ£൱, һˣһ, ˳ʳֿˣ, ÿÿ˵˻, ϵá
컯󲻵ͨѰʱϵ˿ָ, ·Ҳ˲ģֻŭ£սҲս, ԹŶսսһߵģˣĴ򣿡
˵ú˱˵סӱǹ̫ȥ㿴Ц˵Ҵǰ޼ʶ֮ˣԭǶ³ƥ򣬾ȻǺӰϷС֣
컯ŭ㣡˵˵ǺӰϷǰ㣬㲻԰ʶˣǴС֣Ī
ȷȥ˵ߣֱ۵òУӰϷǴС˵ֳɾľͷһ㣬Ҳ֪ĸƫƧĻСӣǡÿضΧЦҲȻȥ˵СЦǺģձ㱻˵Ī룬ðʱ컯ȻҲҵģ漴ŭ컯Ȼ˵ңս
컯´㲻Уһܿ
ŭͨ죬˫ȽһУִ˫һս
ǻ컯ִȴһ˫̵ǰõһ㽫˫ڣֻ˫һת˸ʮأ컯һ̱㽫˫סЦ˵㲻У㻹ȡ裡
󾪣컯սػѹסȴ컯һغҲУ컯˳ȴҲ˲磬սһСıɵ꣬컯תͷܣ
ضȻǴһȴǿһˣ
ǻ컯תܣʶȥ׷ңҽ
Īаһ壬ֻ÷õ˫ȥ㣬ֻͷз磬˫Ҫֵף̵ֵһȷʵǵʵˣǻ컯ε޵֮ˣҴСǣֻһײ㻢ڳѪ
컯ںͷ󺰣־ܣҪС
߻컯èһ㣬ͷֻͷһŭ컯㿴ǵн
컯ʦһн㿴һ㣬ҲŹֵʦעģҲϳͷģֻʦŭĪȥ㣬͵һȻˣСӳֶ򣬱һнˣ
ĴһѼǵнɱ˿ŸصĽ
ֻվꤻԱߣһɨΧסʮһһ£
㣡
һҵĹǣɱȥ
³ͷ컯߯ףͬͯһĶ⣬սϷǽĻᵶսĻؽŸһתһӣң
صȻңΪ˶ѰŸأֻҪϴһʱ仹ת죬ὪĻǸ˹㵥һӣȥɨǽĻһССɱȵģǾս֣һɨƾֱֱȡأ
ؼ״㣡
л컯׷ܵø죬ΪɱǰͷС˫ݺһУϣ˹ȥ
ꤻ§סʱĻǰ
ֻϺݺһֱĻǴ󵶿һȱڣ
Ļ󾪣⽣Ǳһ㱻ˣæһסأʣǺˣ
ִһ˦˫΢УԳһɱ⣺裬ء
ĻҲ˵λǺΣûʱôһȻ൱ǽҲ֪ͷּɱС˼غϡ
ὪĻشǵȱƤѪֱɣǽѪƤʮغϣĻǻԡѪ֮ʱ޶£·һ˶ޡ
߾Ǳ߻컯ڸֻĪаͷһ
æһһֽ˵죡
ɫǺ죬ʹ̵ľꤻŸغεأһһʱ
ǻһ룬ֻŸҪͣͣҪȴɽġ
ǻ컯뽪Ļǽڼϰ֧Ų֮ã
컯غ㸸ҴȴͶӣ
컯һ˵һߴһ߲Ҫ˵֮ͽҸ̽
Цһ˽иĸûУ
컯һ䡮ûСʽһ֣û㽫һתż˰ǹϽһ壬컯ŸȻͣ£š¡һ죬Ÿ
ɽҲǺųơѹĪ컯عĳ̾󿪣
ֻͷʮָ죺˭ԸҽɱУ
Ը⣡
㹲ͬꤻأҪס㣬ѱĻһаսʱѿҲֳأڼ˼֡
ͷء㲢жս˳̣Ҳ뽪Ļ컯ս˸൱ͷֻһս˻߿ͬһ㣬̤
³ءסս̾ڹⳤֱ룬һ񽣣Ϊȡںڽֲڱʹɣһٵؽдֻǹã۰󿪴ϣһغϣǵо߰ʮ綹һ㱻˦˿ȥ
컯һͷСһסһľδɱο̤ȥս
ɺϽ˼³Ĳս̫סݣ컯ûתͷȥս
ꤱֻ뽪Ļս
Ļսݲ£ؽϰһ꣬Ƕֳ֣ϰǿĻҲֻñԽԽǣ
𣬽뽫ս򣬵ǹ뽣̤ףǱһ죬ǱǵѪɣֻƾ׷֣ڰ׽Բʶֻ㿳ɱ׷ܣֲ嶫粻סλ꣡
·ɱ졢ԹأпﶼǲҽУ״ҪȥæʱþһѳסʦĪȥԳֵȴҲδ壬已̥֣ȥҲ
ƶö³ʳ֮ʦɲȥ
þ˵ʦͿ㿴սһȥΣһʬװˣʤδ֣֪ʤҶ³ʮפأʮ˵˴ʤˣΣһؿڣ³ϲأʦȥ
þʤδʱսޣҪȥ
ֹۻ컯ݱѶѰá
컯ֻҲѲ
þҲ죬ֻϢǣ
ȥȻǣɶϵǺ˰ˣͽG


31 
սƴɱľ, Բ֪ʦߡ
߻컯ĲɣĵʦѶţ;ߴߡ
ߣ
˵бвɼȴҲ˼龳, ǻ컯ĶԳֵָ, ֻս֣
ֳֻǹ컯ͷһɨ, 컯æһ, δִּǻף
컯ۼֿýһҲĶ⣬ֻĪаǰһ, ǹǱһƴ, ֻƾ㽫컯ɣ
컯ľ, ǰɱսһ£ǵȳ̶ȣֹһֳǹ, һִ󵶣ǵǹͨҿδִǹŹ, ˿Լѱɱս
ֹɱڣһ޲ݵģҲ֪Լˣ
컯սһ룬ȥ, طǻ˸֮ǰȥսκ̫񶼲ܷһ֣
ּɱءʦ彪ǰߣȫս˼ʮغϣսô֮ʱĽͷһأתܣ
ǹһӣһߣ׷ȥ
뽪ĻսĻдǻѣ䵶ֱ꿳ȱڣĻʮļǽҲ֪ʲôͷȥذɣڼأ㲻ⱦս㲻ʮһ
سֽȥֱͷǧ˵ͷҲһֻ֣ЦҾǳⱦΣ㶫³ҲǳŸϣȻţ㻹˵⻰
Ļ죬ּϵֻּӲƴּرߴ˵Ļմ㣬ΪβͶ
ĻһգҵȽϷдնɱҵͷ­ˣ˽㵱ɵ󵱣
شЦΪҵһͬС֮ĶȾ֮
ĻεȾӣնɱ㣬սҽϣ֪˷ﶨȻҪ񣬺һٽҵɱõ
۵Ҷ³ͷˣҵʺҵ̣
㶫³Ѱػģıλ㣡
ʱ㶫³볯һ֮ĸ֮뽪ضֻ֮꣬Σʮоʮӣδ˵ģ㽪£
Ļһ˺£
ȵɱһһãͺ󣡡
Ļŭݵú˵
ۿǼ٣˷ֱ棬ҿ㸸ҾͲ֪㶫³ˣ
ĻɫΣ⻰д·سûһ̣һдж
ĻƵ˼ϽӣľѣƤѪֱǰһԾӿ£ֽŲýĻذѹڵأ
ֻءһ
Ļֻ˲أĴֻͷ­һѪ̡ϣ
һֻ˫Ŀ˫ý飬ֻңָ죬һ󺰣Ѱܣ¹Ͷеɱ
ɳȻһĻȻн˫ңңž˼ѣ󺰣ʿǣغ׽ڣ̾ȻҪǡ
͵Ĵһƣвˣ죡˵һ͸
ĻͫȻֻػɱսľһڣ˴׷ⶫ󽫣ڴģͶе߲ɱ³ƽɱѱܻ񣬶Ҫͽװǲ
Ļ˿̱ذڵϣ˫Ŀͭ壬ֻɽ·صᣬʿ׳Ȼƣͷ۵⣬һžе֮˹ڵأ׳Ƴ۴ľ޴룬˿˳ڿޣЦǱϲŭһƬȻתҹжͻϮǰ֣ǻһΡ
ؽ𣬽һԡ
²£սѪﶼк֫е
Ļɴ˫۴㶿ţֱغѵ
ĻݺݶסҼˣҪɱɱ
ؽʣڵƽӣֻսɱ˿ϧ
ֽ̯У޴˱ȻҪܸ
Ļס֪ҪˣεȰϷŶսʵ£ʹ޴Ҳװܸģˮ㣬ޱȣʤʹҲս°غϷܽסּطΪǹţһƣ޴˴ˣǵȻͽԼס
ؼʣλںδأ
Ļʣ֪أĩֱ죬Ųȥ
Цˣұ˵ʵҪȣȴʶ̧١
ĻЦҵȣ㣿
̾ˣȡˣ㽪ϴ޷ģĻɱ㣿
ĻЦһ䶢סأҶ³ӵ򣬴뾡취ұѽҶ³ΪжҶ³УҲҪβΪǿ
üδҪ㶫³
ĻҴδͷֲı˵ãȻղѰŵˣö٣
ֿ־ǿ飬ֻƽ˵⻰Ҳۣҽսס㿴ҲҪҵģұа취Ҫ
Ļۿ˵
һ㽪轻ͬͬ⣿
ĻЦ㵱С㣬ҽϻеñңϣңȥ
ؿ㸸Ȱ
㶫³ϲһսǶ㸸ֲһӵֲսɳܵס㶫³ѻ˰գ
ĻƤһ˵
λӡ
Ļ˵ѱַߣҸܣҲ֪£סأʣӦ㣬кκô
ԵΪҴһͽƷɻһ㣡ȴҳҲһ磬볯ݳҲһķţûҳӵֱ˽ϣգ
ĻȻĶȷˣ̾εѣҲͬıһԲ˳ʤ޳³ȻԪ
ؼζȥ۽Һ֮ͻȻıȻ׼ߣ㶫³췴̣ʱ˫սһ˱֮
ѽ⿪룬ס۾ʣɷ˵˵ߣ
ؼü˼Ҳӽʣ⽪Ļʮа˾ǹˣշ˵һȥѰ㸸
ĻһҪֻԶһ˺زȥѰˣ
̧һֻ˹¶ϲɫֿش˵سսѹƵ룬һЦ
ǻ컯
˵Ҳ֪ʹӵúÿ죡
ر˵Ϥϲ
һ֣һ˴ǧⲽ˫ֽһֻ˵Ƕúÿ죬Ҷλǽһ©֮㣡
ֻǵ˽һɣǹǼʮԲͷ
ͷڻһع䣬飬๾һƬ죬·ֹһ㡣
Ļ˫ֻ£鷢죬ͷɬ׵ͷ­űߣЬ裬Ȼֹͣͷ˫۾Ұܷ࣬ɴͭ壬ֱֱ


32 
ʱվұվŽĻ, ǰͷ­ĺµˡ
˫ĿͽȻһ̹ƺ˰ٱұ߰Թŭ󾱷̣͵һͷ, 㿴Ļ˫ްͨ˫, ʶҪγ, Ȼδ̧, ţұȻһۣعʱ۰Ȼж
ֻꡮžһڵء
ء
ĺδִףĻ͵ĽסѪסһֱѶϵذУ, 𣺡, 㶫󽫵Դ
ң
Ļһ, ׺ݣֵֻֽһ֣زϻһѪ, ݺݶס㿴ҸҲңҽϽѲⱩ֣֮ҳһкβң
زɺѪǵл, ǽĻͷɢǱֽסǵУ·֪ʹһֻסز, Եķӣκһ㲻˳ʧȥǡ
ʱη壬ΨһСɥֻˣʣҪʲô
ߣ
һۣȥǣ
شʱĻסֱжȥ屻ʹбϵǰֱסֻǵƤ⣬ѪһƬ䣬ֻҪĻ΢һ
ͷֻ֮һֻ䣬ɫҰס巢䣬סϵĵһһģ·һҪڣϢŭ
ĻĪ
ʱǣ˹Ļһ˵Ҫƥ
סŭָͷѪ׳ֻ˵ҲǣˣҲߣˣ
ĻһЦ¶һɺ⣬ոסԼȥ
һһ֣ûؿںݺһײ
ײȷʵײʵˣǽĻ̫⼸ȫӿʹһڣôһײӲ˫͵ĽһֻһҲж
۵÷ΣǳûֱĽ
ֻǱ󾪴󺰣ĪҪ
Ļ䶢סԹԵĽãСò׽ͷ­ϵϣһѽؿ˵ǣ˷ŰɱңҾ
ֻ˽ǣȥֻѸ㣬
ĻЦһƱŭⱩȻҪɱң
סһִõˣ¶⣺˭Ҳ׼һɱˣ
ŭʱ
Ļһֻ˵Ųŷţ
Դŭ޵ҧгݣƴҪȥսǽĻæõһ̣һѪ۵Ųһ˫Ŀͨ죬˵ߣ㲻Ҫɱ
Ļݺݶһۣ§أǺѪһߣ˻Уǰȥ
ս񱼣ͽҳȴֲȥ׷Ψ׷̫죬Ļһŭͽظɱˡ
޴룬ѡ
ʱǵǰڵϣɫγһ⣬ȥꡣ
ǽڵϣֿǰĻԶɺڵ㣬пյģֻ˵˽ǧΨаõ𡣡
ǵ˸һǽֻ˵Ķ̶ǵ͵Ľǽһã𣬵ǽֻǵж·ֲԸ˴ǵˡһˣ
תͷʧǣ˵ģƶЩܾȶ
һ⻰æʵ˻棿
ǵ˵ͷƶȥȥ
ֻǵͽֱһ޻ǻһëߺڣıڵϵǵ˹
״ͻޱȣ˼ǵֻ˸ף˵ƶȻܽػأġ
˵ȷЩ£Ҳ΢ģǵߺվƬ̣ķҲǷȥ
رĻ°ס˫ֽǱж£ʹֱס˿ãֻǺѪ׳ü죬쫷絶ӰϣĻ죬Ѫζ̱ǣ֪Լûôѡ
ֻʵҪδ
Ļֻӱޡ
ʣδأ
Ļֱǰ˵δá
˵ʮͷ׷˿ֲҪɱңҲ׸罫ҷˡ
ĻЦһ֪Ҳɱ㣿ս񱩾ţҺ޲ýʬΣ˹㣬þͲɱ㣿
˵ˣԹұҪ㣬ټ㡢㽪ϣĶ𱨣
Ļһ˺ıҽ˺λҪ֣֮ȷʵ޹Ҳɱ㣬Ȼҽ޹ߺ࣡˭Ĺ
⻰ͬθк䷢ߵԶУ·ڷźֽ³ңʲ졣
غһ⣬Ƿͷιϣڴգһ΢΢·ɳӡ
úڣҲ޹ɱңɱɡ
Ļ˴˻ȴǲԲǷɳֻáˡһƬú·
ȥݣԸȥ
һ٣ҡͷΪ̳
ĻҿΪֲı˵ãֹ㼫أ㲻ԸңҲе˶٣˵ᣬǸزŰˣﾭ˶¹ʣսٻ󡢳ֿɵãأ󽫾λڣǰ·Ϊҽ룬ҵʱбҡڣ˵һǶģɽأǣҸ˵òбģ鷴α壡㿴ҽϣ֪б˰գȻⲻǱɽһǰˣ
ز˵㽪ǲʣ㶫³ıȣд
ĻЦһ⻰֡һ˫ֽսȻͣǰͷһԾվڵϡ
Ļһֻ̣ڵϣӸ¿
ͷ⣬飬ֻڣԾڴˣΪ֮ձ֪
һֻݡһǽĻȻתǰ
ڵϣ˿ƽطɳһƬͷɹøѣҰȣӥչɹ۾
Ƭֻ̣ͷ·Ƹס͵ֻۣһֻ޻͵
ͻءһһ֮ʱǳһŻ䶨ƫͷȥֻǳһⲽ
ּˣǵ˵
ؿɱ˽ţ
ǵ˴𣺡ƶ˳Ӧ֮ˣĪǲ̣
ز˵ǵִչЦ뽫ƶڤڤи֪Ȼ뽫ٴţˡ
ǵ˼ɱססָһֻһ㣬ѡ
˫ֱжʹסҲһʱǵһֱ㿪˵أʵɺţ
ǵһЦ˸ףƶ깫ˡ


33 
ꡭ깫
ǡǵ˵˫, ƶţȣѲɽϵƶ
ֻ濴һۣҡͷ˵ֻ, δɺ, ǾõɺЩְˡ
깫˵ƶҲΪ, ƶʵϲ, κ춨øģһȥˣ
ز깫Ĵ˻, ˵°أ
أˡ
깫ü̾ķ, һ, ·иܵúܡ
ֿһۣ깫, ˵ķƶΪҧԴء
ʣ뽪һг𣿡
깫·ʵ֣ƶһﷲг𣿡
ΪҪһɱ⣿
깫ȻҼ׷ˣǡиͷһ, Ŀһ£ƶΪ֣㽫ɱˡ
һһ, ӦüʣµĽ
깫һڽ㽫ǽ˳ʣд˽
˵ҵһɵ
깫ζĿһۣ¶һĨЦúϧ˽ͷĪҪ
֪˰أǶø·ҪƵģ깫˫ֱ÷飬һհһнɫת԰˵ˡ
ظʡôˡ깫ȴͻȻػֻǽһرʵʵĳҲٶ
깫סأͫ׳ʰɫչ͸һֻҰް
ָȥضͷ֮
ֻңһ깫ָһ٣һһƥѪ񱼶
ֻϢǺݺݽһգȻֹ˹
صڵϣˣɫ԰ֽĽæʵˣô
س˳ǣֻ˵ްʹˡ
סֽһء˻һ۵ʣţˣ˫۱жˡ
ֻ˵ĩ˫۱жʵ㣬𣿡
깫ʱӹֻ˵ƶӣ
깫һۣصı۰򣬿˵³սĲ᣿Щۣš
Цս˵ʹʱҪеģܷӡ
С£Ϣס۰һֻǹͷһ̲סʹ߱۰ڻλ
̫ˡ۵ɫף͡
漴編ƵĽ
һѾ۳亹ˣϵ˿ھһ󶯣ֿʼѪµϸ˽۵÷
ѿʣһ˶Ѫ
ֻرѿѪ˳޵ǽĻĺټȻʬΣ
ؼˣֻ˵¡
վϽסЩȥˣ
깫ˣ˵أƣҵȽԲҩʱȣƶһƶͷȴҲǿЩ
˵ͷ͵ЩͰػȥ
ȴһֽץסսۣһסֻ꣬˵ĩ޴󰭣ҡ
һֱֱֻ·лҪ˵ֿˣ˼Ƭ̲ŵͷһĩֿ깫Ĺˡ
깫ɫһתԳЦ⣺ˣƶһ
ͬһˣеָ̫˿ڣֻܡ
رǰͷһƬãã˻ᣬʵΪҪɱһţ
ʣʤܿܣҪնɱܵūȻģ
϶³ӵ򣬴˶ū
ɱֻжʮ̫ɱ⽪Ϻֵ˶ʮ򣬴˻Ǵȫʤ
½ںδ
̫Ѹ˱Ҳ޿κΣʵ̫࣬ǿһտɳɡ
һֻ˵δϰ볯Ϊ
ĬƬ̣˵չ˽ţ
ز˵˵˵Ĳɱ³ƽ񣬲ɱеӣ뽪Ļ˵ãҲǣ
صͷ˵˴ģҲ㣬ҲǰأΪΪ̫ơ
Ĳǽ൱ȰĻ볯Ϊڷ֮ţȻҪϣȻ˵ñ˼ָͬʹĻЧңһĻϲ⣬¶ˣıһᳯͨ˴治ɥԹǲɱģңĻˣƲ磿һķ˷ɱţķɱӺɱֹǱ֮
أ
ͷһֻɫ԰ף˫۽գƣ֪ʱѾ˯ˡ
̾˿ãͷֳЩ̤ǰ
֮ʱλ֮Уһ۱㿴طˡ
ط˼æȥ˸񣬳Ц˴ιأͷȵϲˡ
ؿ飬ʣӿѰ
ط˵ͷǧȻڹڣȴֻ˿סس衣
س˼Ƭ̣һ˽깫Ҳ˽
ؿ깫һۣ˵깫ɱйֵ˵ã˵ʶ̫ʦΪ٣ΪҴЧ
깫ִ˸ףһ߶¶Ц⡣
˵˴ζǴ󹦣ⰢΪʦͺسǹ١
һ߳طŴԣ¶죬˵صսȻָù٣ر޹ְһʦλҲԽ̫˰ɣ
ҲһΪѡ˴ְ㵱𡣡
Ƭ̣·սǰǸ֮ǰ˵һ£ʱĲȫûϣʱԶƶȻ˼Ѿˡ
Ϊ̳Ÿ֮ԣ⻼Ǹڰˡ
л͹١ػص
²ѣصԶ־Ķһգƫƣſɳɴ¡
˴δݶԴȫʤգλݡطˣһսзͣΪλܱ˴սйˡɱһƺţظܱΣūūʿǵ˷ͣӵսŵ깫Ϊ䲻٣ȴֵ
˴ηߣĪ
в֮ط˱㿴˵ô˼ν٣в죿
˵ռͷ˽ĻȴԼҲΪʣĻ
ط棺ʱ˵սϸĩλ󽫾ʦ֮
˵
ҴͷŸε󽫾ܿΪԳֵս̫ʦҲҶȥ
һ£Ҳǵͷ
ٿսĻֳֹսһҲҵȻʤؼعؽʮҵֻʮ򣬹Ǳǲ磬ܣֹɱսȻܾˣս
ݵͷ˵ʹˣĻ°ȥ׷һֹܵ
طҡͷ۴̬ȣֵһ㣬޹°޼Ǵ֮
ݾ
ط˵ϲţ֪ǳ£Ȼӵ򣬴˴ֻʮսʮǴ󻼣³ãֲ֪һϣ˵󽫾ٽڷ֮ƣΪ˷ס
ã
ǰʵʵڴ֮֡
ݲεѣҶ³ݣڳ裬˭Ʊʮҳɱ֮Ѳɱ޽٣Ҵ˴ţɱӺ
طҡͷ³ɳһأλһ㣬رɣ˲Ǹãн٣࣬ÿƽƽ⣡ڳ裬Ƥ£δԲ練ƣαؼһʱ
һʣд뷨
طЦ⣺˿ǲţ˷սǰ󽫾˵ңʱҲǲ죬ϸ룬ǿɳɣ󽫾ˣѵɵʦְ֮
ü˼ط˿ڣմλسҥԣǰıҲǳ󽫾֮֡
ˣ֪Ϊش󽫾˰գ
һȻǡ
طЦһ֮ǰ;á


34 
ǧ꣡ű𣡡
ʲôҹ, һԣʧɫţ
ǵģʮǿأܽĻɱ, ֽһ׷̫, һһɱ, ԲŹ, Ļѣһţһ⡣
õɴ˫ĿúŻ, , ˵ɢ䡣
ɢأǧкηԸ
ĻΪȽΪ, ֪
ɢ˵˺˰˰·³һͳƣҲ֪ǧΪ˵Ȳɳ, ȻԸ׳
һ̾ʮ뽫ɢԴһѣƽ׺, ֻȿɼΣ
ɢһ̾˼񶼲ľܣΨɵӲΪľܶ˼, ն³ǿȲľܣǣ
ɢ̧ͷһֻüۣȥһҲ¶ˡ
ɢȥѰؿ
ؿһԣ޵˲һҲ
ֳʹæΪͬģ³дˣȽΪҪòֳĪ̫ʹ˳֮ѣɳΨеͷϲߡ
ؿŪӣǡ
סֳ˫ֻۣꡯһڣֳĪҪͽ
ؿһ̧򼧷ֻ֮ڣڰһ˫ȹӳУ˸ͬͫ㲻ֻ꣬ſڻ
һмڣֳġ
˵ȫʤ±˶³ҳӣѸײڶ֮Ƶʤǵ۾Ͻֱ׳ƳԸ裬ģҲǽԴϲ
˴սɱϣսʮ򣬼ǰδУҴ˴ս֮֮࣬٣档
սԱڷ⸸Ϊūȴ壬ֻսʿưԲѹƣֵȼƶȣ͹Ծö˽̡
飬ڳսͷհɱڣ˸ʨͻ˽ӢۣǺܣ°ֹǰͷ˧ӣͣˣ
±˾ˣǸ˾룬Ҳ֪ɱڣɳǺεͣ
һ˸ͣˣҳӱȻ仨ˮҴڣһټҵУҴ̳֮Ҳ
һ󸽺ͣ⣺ȿ쿴ұὫһͷ磬֪кս
һ꣬ͷǶͷ
˵˲ڣε磡ǽᣬķؽ
˵ؽһ֪ⶫʦĪҪţҴǳ٣ܹ񣬴µ棡
һ˲мҹǶţͷĹ٣Ҳư֮ܽӶ٣ʦǽܵ𣿡
˽ӵҲģһˣʦְ֮ɶϷ
˲ҹǶʮֲȾʶˣڣ˶ʾˣǷ⽫Ȼб£ȹҸӣԶԴްɫʣ֪˱ȻԶʤʦְ֮
֮и˸ͣҲ룬ὫӢ䣬޲֮ˣ
Цòˣ㲻ǽúÿˣ·ǵô֮ǰ˽ɣ˴ο飬ӢɣĪҪˣ
Ǹɫͨ죬˴ЦһֿʼҸˡ
鳯ٹԶӭϲɫżٹ꣡
Σٹ٣ڵأһ˳泩ڣ򣡡
ٹԷжվڣ
һ£̿ڶֻƬ̣һⲽ
ٹٽǷбĿȥٹٶؽжţڴδ顢λʱͷʦ֮ڳ⴫˹׼ðլۡ֡˺棿
±⽫һ飬ţ˵ȷսı˵ãŸȣסʮǺ°ʧ棬֮³飬һʴɳ˴ս֮⣬κζδסˣ·רΪƽѽͬƾձĳһ㣡
۴̬ȣ·ʶֵͬһ㣬Ҵա󡯣˲òȥ롣
أսδüж£ֻͷ¼ڱ۰֮䣬սƵޱȣⲽŵ磬Ӣ䣬ֱͦ𣬴һڣӣĿü۷һ罣ж
ϥ¹򣬵ͷ­ĥ¼н΢죬ڣ׳ƳĩأԸ꣡
Цһֻ˵𣡴˴νɱͷҲѰ⽫Ϊʦ֮ܣ
ߵףл
ٹټһ˵һϣͨҴ´ٹ֪̬ȹ·˿ɣֹ۴ǰΪ͵֮͡ıԶǴţ˴ηʦھҲıԶǣȺҲ룬˴ط٣֮ϣһ˳泩
µǹ󣬸ַӣҹԼݣ̬ȹȭȻ侹ʵ
̫¹ڰǰƬ̣ܾĲɡ
վżϣس׹ݣ޲˳ӣ룺شǰһȺպ׹ڹǰθܣ
ʵ׽͸ˣƣ̰ȨֻøõãģǺ
ˣǣ槼Ҳ࿴ȨҲǣ˵ñáǮƣʹ֮ﲻһ۱ַã˫Ŀʼ·κԲܶҡġ
ΪΣһˮ峺ףͨ͸ֱףˮΣǧ򻯣ǡǡ׼ġ
˵ÿһ仰ĪŷƭңʼռţǴǰأ
ˮˮĥȥʯǣҲɸģڹϥǺθ룿
Ƿ񲻸ʣǷڣǷҰ
ǣҸΣԼֻһȻѣԳ
ĿܣҰҲ֪İ»Ұˡ
أ
ǡ˫ĿȻһֻ̾ա
ͻȻʧЦֻԼĳʵ壬˼룬ϰߡ
ƣʣĸʱˣ
ңʱˡ
ˣ
ò˵λ·֪˼ţ׼˼ֻ̿صδŰգ
ЦҲδţһʳ
Ǻ׳вĪֻּȥ
ʱй
ü槼ǹ˵ڵȺ򣡡
ĬƬ̣ǣգ
ֻ·ϲҲּȥ槼
槼һװһɫģ˽Ŵ򿪣ǰ
κβס
槼ȴúһͷѪûˣ


35 
槼ٿ, δ֮
ǿͷѪһͷѪȥΪô˵ûû
ңҲܵκΣͷѪ, һ˿ǣ, ͷѪʧ, ôûκδ
ʹǷֳȥͷѪ, κΣκˣܴΪʹǻͷѪĴΣ, ҲиӦ
ʱ, ͷѪڴ֮, ȴ˿֪˵ȹǰδУ
Σк£ĪҪĥ䣡
槼һȻս֮Ƣͻᱩܶ࣬ռ, ֻʱ˲٣·˹ɷЩ, ̫ϲ
槼շ·ֹ֣ԥҪҪ
˼¡
˵ֲ֣˺˼˲֮ͬ, ˵¶槼˵Ī
Դȥλ槼Ըúÿܹǣżע
ֻ˽ǿԷ̫˳ۣԴ֮һһէηηģżҲЦʱۣһ槼Ҳ֮£Ҳ¡
Ҫ˵裬ҲƽƽҪҪİҪɵɣҲһܹܵŵģҲôƵ˼
槼У£þˣҲ֪ȥĶˣȥˣôҲǷϲĶ͵͵ƣ˵˿
˵ĳйɹϷ˿˿װһģۺãԶԶȥû
̯һҲûֻ˿֣ͷĿѣ
ߺ槼δй˳ŮΪ׽ֿ¶ڡ
ǵģ槼֣ͷǧ꣬ȴΪǶԯһڽˣ֣λýҰߴߴ淨ʱȥܱũ͵ǳǲиʣҲˣʮֿģȴδλϰˣ
槼ֲʶ
ҿǰ໥̹ݣƢϣಹ槼ģʵ̣ڡαȵȣϰ֣ŽҰŤת
ϰʵֲ̫࣬棬Ӳʩ־ٳô槼и߸ȴ಻ԣֻŮﻹ˾£ߺַŷɣҲմǷ֣
˿ּд飬һҲԸȥˡ
ֹ£ּϰ˿̯һֱ֮ϴǸܸһ
μ˿˾ѣооȴֶһ°˼֪ĸ۵ūдҷţȻҪһطһҲһȻǳһ֣֮˷ܼҹ⿴һ۾ͷۻΪң˿Īд˹£Ҹһдһ˿׫дĪ鲻˶Ȼһżţ˴ģȤֵθڣ˱ȻںͷԻϲ
٣槼ЦһҿɲȤּɷҲ
ʮʮ죬槼ּϰ˿üͷ壬˭ɵɹȥ˲
槼˿ζڹѰˣҪĸֱײĴūţ
ĳҹʱѹ槼ͷ¾̿ĥ֮нŵĥ֮죬ɳɳ飬ǣ槼һʮ־ѣĵĽƱɺצӣѰȥϸζ
һᣬǴϲζ˿ϢͬһԴ
ѽ槼룬ҹˣ
ҹɫŨȴɲǧһӣǰһΣקһ˿滨ǰ
槼վ󣬺Ĵһȣ˶ʱŵ޴룬˿Ҳ
槼룬һţˣȻҹɹõ
ǹͷ槼ȴؿڣ򸣡
槼Ȼŵãʱ̫ˬ죬ֻ˵Ϊҹˣ
ǹͷϴū澲ãκдҪݣײˡ
槼ʣ£
ǹ槼һֻۣ˵½д˿֮Уѵδȥ
槼ҡͷ
ǹʱ˿ʱᣬſڣƬ̺ƽ槼˵˴£
槼Īֻʣĸģ
ǹֻ˿ڰϣתͷ槼ԹԵ˳ȥ
˵ū澳ײ֮£޿ˡ槼ʱȴ׷ﲻģǹ·й£
槼̯ǰ˿
˿ּĴҲ飬槼ȫϵãֻĸ֡
ɱȸɡ
槼һɺסǹ
ǹҹգǴС˹ǣ槼Ҳסֻǹһӱȥյ񣬶һ˹˵槼ڲݴ˵һ󣬽ǽ׽ӶСأһҲδ塣
˵꣬תǿ̣Ǻ˺İγһǹɱˣ
ɱڣ槼Ҳ˼ƤֻǺ˽Ѫ˦˦ĳסݴ￴
槼סſڵͬһֻƤë⻬꣬а룺˲֪ΣҲ֪İˣɱԼһ᲻ɱܶ㣬㲻˱Գ򶷰գ
槼ڵſƬֻ̣ѪһԶһģ߶һ󶯣̧ͷǺȻʧˣ
ͬǹʬҲһߣ

Զһǧ򻧰ټ˷槼̧ͷɫȻҲ˲ȥѰˣֻδȫϽع
ʱ槼վµϣ·ͬСɣɫ·㲻˵룺Ƿòʱ򣿴ɱڸս飬˵ɱ£᲻죬Ҫ˵
槼˵ϲͷй
ˣ
槼۴ɫ΢תãյȷ˸˵ʮ˵ãּ·ʮֿأǺ뿴
˭֪ʮֲͷֻ˵槼Ҫ£˵
槼룺ȷʵҪ˲ͷң˵ҲûȤѰͷ˵ҲͦãҲһʱңȻҪ̸
槼Ծ˵檱ΪϲӢ䣬Ҳʮַģˡ
˻֣槼¡
槼£Ƶɹȥڷֹ¥ʱһ
ȥֻһ£ⲽ
һ֮һӣòü۷ľ
ˣȻѪһͷѪ


36 
ظշ, µլۡæµò԰Щ´͵˸˳ʳͽӵ
Ҳ֪ʱȥɶ, սϸĩѰ׵, ְҲֲ, нҲ޴, ݲ³ɣ㼱ææ˹ȥ
̫һ·ȥֻѵȺ򣬲ϰ˼̾ϸʳ, һ, Цع, µʱЩ㰮Եģ±, һԡ
һƼģ̬ºȫ˷żǰ㷳, Ͻ͵͵λֿȵߴԣ˵λǴ۵ܣʧɢ, ڸѰˣԱ谮ò泩
һλһƣҪ˵Ƽ̫ҲǲġҪ˵ֵܣԴǻ΢λͬҲȣѲλǾöò׽
Ȼ˼̫ܲסģֻǰʱһϰģҹ׽˵ҲǺõġ
Ҳһ㶣û뵽ԷּһԵģЦˡ
º˵ȥ㣬ȥǺڣǳԹˣǹ³ʳȤ
Ц΢δԣһȣҪˮˣ
ãϽ꣬˱߳Աģʣ˳󣬹¼˵˻Ựֲʶ㣬£
ֻͣͣ꣬˵£ֻ꼸Σ檡
һüʳŮʮ壬Ǽ볤Ůλ÷ңǰأʳŮţòȴţ䲻㣬¸ϸѰѰѰ޲ǣ
ʧЦ˶ֻ࣬ʰˣ΢²˼
˵޺üˣ˼ĩЦƤǱ˵˵İŮӣ
û뵽һʱҲϣ˵Ƿǰ㣿
ǵġЦȷ浿ɰȴ΢Ľ
İ㣿
ؼһֱס·ҪʸײŰݣ˵Եһ£ԵԵֵˣİ㶼ã΢ϣ⣬ͨǸá
ЦԭǰŮӣϣ¶ȻΪ⡣
л̸̸ȥ̸෱¡СȤšһٷҲԵʮ泩
˵槼л㱻ɹһֻ谵ģڼǰģ槼һᡮšһһᡮһҡͷԵģֲڡ
ֱǰ˼⣬·ĻͷѪ
Ҫ˵ĪûͷѪǾһ󣬰οԼ̫ǳ֮治Уд֪ŵһƾͷ֮ѪǴδ֮ˣֱǷ˼
ͷѪޱȣȻԼĸԸģ
ĪǴͷԼǧããУ֪ʱججһͷѪˣ
Ҳ񰡣جج֮ʱͷѪ
槼üֱҪ˼ƷˣĽһƶ棬ȥ
ҹ˾ҽѰ˯ǾһƬӰޣԴ޳ʵ壬ӰȻһɶһҹʲô鶼ǲֻżйίʣˣЩС͵
槼ữһֻֻ꣬ղһһģҹһƬ飬ҹ紵Ƥëҹɫݽڰһ̹⣬յĳ˹ֻѰȥ
빬òԶ´͵ĸۡ槼±Ѱˡ
һԾԾϸ߸ݶͷһҹƤëӳݼУֱֱŶݣͷѪС
槼һһԾ£㿴һһֻڹǷְס飬һֻһ˴߳˫Ŀһֱֱס
ҹϯԽӳɰ۱ƮƮڹ󣬱һλڷɵ
槼Ȼ˫ֶۣˣԼ֮
˫צסݼţһԾվڵϣͷˡ
κˣֻվһ֮⣬ϸꡣ
槼˵
槼һлʶĵͷ­ԣˡ
Է·ƾն槼͵һֻǵȻʣڤڤ̽Ѱסһ˿һһ̱㻯վס
槼״Ŀվǰ
ˣ槼ѵȺʱ
濴֪
槼СѰͷѪԼڴˡ
ԭˡ
ֶס槼⣬ֻ˵֮䣬槼֪壬Сڤڤи֪д֣ܲҵܺģ槼ԼȣҴܶţëСǧҲһ㣬򲻸ҲУҷģ槼ؿƿ
سĬ槼Ƭ̣Ȼ뵽˵ˣ槼һ£
أ˵
СԸúע⳯빬ǣһн̫̫ƽƽ槼һȴһ˿֡
һæʣʲô֣
槼־Ƥëڣó̯һĸ֡ɱȸɣ
ȻʧɫϽʣǷ˿֮˿Ѱס
槼ͷС˿ֻ²æסˣ˳˹ǣһ˽ͷӶһ˺Ľɱˣ
֮أ
槼˵֮ˣС˷֣ˡ
һʣ˿⣬ɻбģ
槼Ŀһۣ£򡭡еġʱСӣֻּʲݣΪĸūŶţ㡭ָˡ
طֻ槼˵¹شĪ̸𣬿˵
槼飺Ȼɲ֪ǲͷģ·ʮңҪȥûȤ
ؼˣ˵ˣȥ˵ȥЪϢա
槼ְһƤëأ±һ£¹⣬ЪϢȻܹ£вװ
槼ߺسҹߡ
գмµ
ؽ槼˵һ飬üͷ塣
£С
صͷ槼̳ԻǣȻԭ룬ԭ槼Ҳʡ֮ƣ
˼Ƭ̣˵շ١ȻԼˣʱһ֮ˣջǿп֮£ҲǰִһҪˣջ˷ʫ̣ʵȨ
أ֣ջΪǰɵľд˷ʫ
Ҳϸ˼£˲ˣֻһ̴ʹ̴ӻջ֮ˣҲδͷջսȨȣģҴڣȥʱ̫ʦȻȥдأջ˵ջԸŮ̬ȳϿң±룺ջ֪˰գŮԸ̡Ҳ˵ŮǺεģȻɱǼ尾Ǿ槼Ժһ֮꣬£Ҳˡ
üԭ槼Ǽϸߴ֮ţ
ͷŴ£Ҳ룬ϸ˼һ£˵ԭ槼İ㣬ҲȻҪҳްأ¿ǱŪڹ֮У
أΪ£Σ
˵˼ǡ


37 
, ˵ãĻ֮ˣǳ֮ˣѹᳯ, ס
۾һ, ֻסأ˵
أĻ֮֮, ǳܱȡ
, ȸǱкκ
槼ƺȸɣһ³Ҫʷ, ˵¶, ΨŸ֮, ɱ壬㯺治ʱ, ڽȻ϶ֲãɢ, ңң˵ɱһȸɲӰ죬槼ֹֻһҳô򵥣
صͷ
˵ȸ뷨ıϣū, °Ҳ֪ȨȦūͬӵһ㣬ΪֲҴ˻ңǸضҡһֱƣЧȴҲȸΪ˹ֱæڴ£Ȼֳƿ죬֮Ȩ
س˼ã˵ˣҲūƲףڷ⸸սūȻۺ졣
˵жȻȨ֮£Щߣʱ槼裬֪϶ȻһҲȻ˳ͷ
΢̾˿˵ЩͷȨڶ࣬²ð죬˱ǹͷʹǲ֪̫ӣֲҼڣһʱҲͷ
Ƭ̣˵ȷʵǣڶ࣬Ǳߣкβ²⣿
Ȼ˼ֻ벻ңһȻɱӺԼҪã˵˼Ĵ´ϲ˼
أ˵뱱
ôϲΪ󿪴ϣıԣηηβϷ֮ʣ³ɲ˴
ҡͷвС˶ĸƤΪıǱ󣬳˵Ļռ
һģ´δкδ
˵ջʱǲ֮һǽ槼֮£ҲǼ˵ֹջǾƢϸϸջɵֱײ˷ʫȰŮѲǱˣ
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ҲȻջ֮ŮҲ֪ǲءһ£˵ɲ˷١Ȼˣ
ͷ˶ˣҲסɱˣʱǮ˰£ı߶մǣڶ࣬ҲδãҲɴݾߣȷŶ˶Щʱա
س˼ã˵һƣ˳ϣĻ󡣡
˵
أβƾͼƣ
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⸸ǰսū֮ʦصؽȨֵ֮ţȻҪ㡾ְء
ʹ콫죬ҲȻҪȥġ
شӳɱȥ˷⸸
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Ҳǵͷһտɳɣգ
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ԣҺܲãԭ˫鲻ԸһΪһǷ˳뷵ͥǿԵλܸȰ˵Եأ˫˫Ǵպŵģԡһǲպɡ
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˵һ£cpЩǻcpи~ţ߱ɵı֮Ȼǣ(Ԩ)Ϊߺܷḻ˸̫Щֲɾĸоɶһʼ;cpʱһ𣿣ҲԻ֮ģʱֵܡֿѡʦͽҲɶǣִ̰֮ģеģʵҲһʴ~~
ȻΪһԶȫ²ס־д֮Լһ֣ղݣĪYY
ðɣ~ȻΪΪCPǻд޹ģεCP~~
ʲô槼~~кߵĸ֮~~~~
ʱ΢﷢ͶƱ֮~~~
('')Ī뵽۵Ĺô죿 (*RQ) 


38 
ӣӣ, ǲǷеλɾôЦ¥ȥˣ
Ų̊һλӽ¥漴ѹҷһ, ԭϲ, Ūūˣūһ˼
ŮĪ, ɾֹǧ, ֻһλˣ
۲תŮ˵㲻˱ȻǷ
ŮһӣĪкر֮
ЦһҲ, ȷǸ˴ѵ, Ҳ֪, ҵ칦ᵽζ
ŮüūΪǳҲ, ˷·ӳҲҽؽˣΪȲ֪, Ĳ˷֣
ζһЦҵȹǰĻ࿴ݾǡɼ񵽸ʥ¿˲, ᵽͬΪʵ̫ǳҲ֪ͷſҲֻ已̥
Ů죺ΪȴҲͷ
ӵͷ漴Ц¥һ۲ЦЦ¥һ⣬ūҲòʦˣҲȥλɾİգ
˵ص֪ܱȻ¾ӪܲˣȥЦ¥ŭ죬ֻһųɱѰ
սūƣһսūܱߣɷūս߾֮ɿǿΪ
ǰܱܲ˱ɵõֳ֮ɱ練ơ
λεܱǡǡǸ׵ģ˵ףȴھӪĵģĿǰǹū֮ʱѰˣǴ˲ɡ
شɱȥЦ¥ɱҲͷȵطʮֽš
Ц¥¥ͬ¥ô֦չô磬¥ſֻּԶԶһȴµĿջ
˽¥ʺŴٶһأһЦӭλӣͷ
صͷ˵Ѱˡ
Ŵ˵ѰˣĪõЦ¥Ѱ
ɱһԣæɫֻɫ糣һ䵭ŶŴӳĪҪҼҴٲǮƣ˵ѰˣѰǺʶ
ŴӻȻ򣺡ԭѰЦ¥ͣϣ´أζ˵òȻѰסĪģ
ɱһԣŭ֪ƥ򣡶ﶨȻЩаҸҼҴˣҽѵ㣡
ŴӼæ˺һЦصĸ飿㵹˵˵߳ŭģ˺ƣֳͷ󺰣๫ǣѰ
ͷ˻أѰˣĪѰͷ
ŴЦλѰ
ͷһЦ漴˳ˡ
ǳɱɫǺ죬üֻɱ˵Ī˵Ī¶ˣ
ɱί˶Ȼǲ˸ֲΪǺ
ذֹֻվڴǰ˦ǮŴӣֻ˵к˵˱Ҫ
ŴЦǴ˿漴ɫ˼ȣ˼һƥ˹ãУ˼¥˵ǻ٣Щη壬ٹ˵ԵȣСĶ
ŴȥǺһλСĺͺ֡§§Ŵһ˵Цˣô˵Ҫӵ
ŴӵǮƣȻҪֻЦС˻Ϊţھ˵ѰòȿǼȣ
Ȥֻס۾Цʣ˵ȣΣ
ŴƬ̣˵˲ȣһǾ£һǺ쳾ƷǿɼǣҶǣղܣ
˫ĿһſСģڣҵҪҪҵ
漴Ѱ˳ȥ
ͷСĶŴյʲӾ£̰СȻõĺô˵ȣ
Ŵͷֻ˵๫ҪңȷʵǮƣǻȴǲٵġ
Сĸ볰ֻͷһ𣺡ôȣ
ŴæؿͷˣСĺ˵
ͷִŮЦʦֿǣ˵Щ˵ĻСͷأ
СŮЦȻϵãʺ򣺡ӡ
һЦֻλɾūѰŵˣʦֲū
ᣬֻ̾ɣĪ˺쳾֮򡣡
ūáЦ
ߺָѰǰаɴƮƮз紵ӿԶԶһӰɴƮƮȥ˵ֻһֻ֣ڹǷǫֱֱ̂վţȻѵȺʱˡ
һɴһò¶ֻһչ·⣬ֱֱ
ֻȥſڣƬ̺ѯʳ㣬Ѱҡ
ϸʣǺ
һ˹סأǺǺˣַ˵Ŵ˵Ѱң
ؿȻǸոѰֳл㱵ģЦܱôͷǿսūܱõﻹҲûҴ̾ˣ
⻰ѣתͷɱɱҲư⸸أϵã˵ȻǴͷת˼룬˶ȻץҴ˸ܣ˵㲻ǣѲͷҲ˳ۣܱһ⸸ɱ磿˵սūܱʵȨôҲǸܱ˵ܻصܱ룺ģȻĸҵĹӣ˹ϵūȻ¡ܱ֮λЦɱҺǲèҽסÿĿˣ⸸ңĸӺĲûҲԲסҽܣ͵͵ʱȻҪٰ㻨
ס۾ḡѰһȥů
ɱ˻ŭɫͨ죬дȻȴһֽˣǰ̤һ˫һԳһ˿ɱ⣬˵ܱ㵱ʧ
ǺȴЦֻγһָ˵ɱ˵󻰣ҽ㽵סʱ㿴ʧʧ
δϣֻһȻ˹æȥֻһ֮
󾪣һֻ˰γһۿ
ҲĶ⣬ֻ˿Щ£ǽȥػػսòɿؽˮ쫷˷ʮغϣѱ߰˵ӣ࣡
ֻ룬ʹ汾£ȻҪɱסҴɱڣȻҪ
ýܣֻһһٻΣȻƾһ
һţǽؽˣͨŶݼ֮ȥֻһ
ȻӲЦڣҲҪ壬⽣˵֮
Ц⻹δ۵ףֻһĿۼֿõסֻǴ󵶡ꡯһжѣæȥƽϢͷһ˵Ѫ˺һڵϣ
͵˿ѪǽȻУǿӲţ
ֻһؽһŲںؿڣӸ¿˫Ŀ䣺ܱҲˣʧ
˫ĿͿһֻסʣʴţ
ʦأ׽ȥо򣡡
䣬֮˵˷³ⶫ󽫣һŸ֮Ѫɣжһ㣬׺ޱȣһսԭΪͷۣȴģ
п࣬˵ʦȷսūεݣΪǳɱưܣԼֱƭﲻ»£
ǹڣǺ룬ʶýԸܽ𷣣
غһֻؿڵĽŲɱסؾӪ
Ц¥һĿɿڴ˦ָŴһǮƣݱ𻵵֮á
һߺ¥ԶԶסӰ
ɣ
ͷꡣ
Ҳص㷸쳾ˣˣУҵҶ


39 
, ɳɱסغͷ
ʳɱλ
ɱƳһۣĵûʶôǸܱȴòȡˡ
һ, յսū, һս, ˵ɸͷ۵, ֪
ɱЦһȻ̰ɫҼҴˣܵģ
һ£ʣҴҪδңŴ֮ʱһΪҪ
ɱֻۿ, ٻػ
˻صӪ, ӪĵĹ, ˽װģĲжӻ롣
˼ܱһ㱻׽˻ȫǱ, Ѫɫ׵ģȻǳĴ, ˸Сλʦˣ
սūηڱҲĪʵʵֻܱһվţȺ䡣
ɫƫ, ֻڱһʿǣ
ڱһ䡮ʿǡòˣ⸸СūսãʮжʮΪսʮΪսūʮսūʿʮΪūʮǴ˴ζϵ˵սͷˣܱǳΪսūǡȵȣһ·һͬʣֻڱԿԼƵģ˶ס
˵Զ³ս飬ţūǲҲ̶ãƶ棬Է·ʿǿ濴棿
˽ĬλԴϱʶֵĽǮƻбģ˱ץսʶ߲һζھӪǰư飬˶л㱣⡣
̾˿˵ʶ߳У
ڱ࿴ĪҲ֪ҪҲûʶȥͷǣ
ʶڱ̽ſһ
˵
һһǧʮˣ
˾ǧʮˣΪūūūߣƽһ
ڱȻд߲Ϊʶ߱ŴҵȽçҲʶ飬κѣиߵͣʶҲҵȹ
ļãֻ˵ʿ˵꣡˵иߵֲ֪ͣи߻еͻߴҪū߽ɳƴأΪ֮һʶֲ֣֪һ״߷ūΨΨŵŵս壬͵Աȴֻǻĩȣ裬Ҳǣ
ʶͣǣ
ʶߣã˶٣˵λҲ֪ᶨ棬Ȼӣսʶго棬ʹöĲſɣ
ʣΪҪҵȿǾ棬һƬֱͷĿѣҵҪ֮࣬ѲɽҪȥ˲ǣ
ЦΪ̸ףһƪͷĿѣǷųϰ֮˸ΣҪϰ˵ѻǲѣ
˼˵ᶨ˾棬Ŵλλū磬򣬸Ūᶨ棬Ϊ˱סλλܹ˽̲кȨ⸸뱣ҷ⸸ҲڱλʿطȨȥܣҪҷ⸸ˣ
ڱһԣ˫Ŀʣ˵ǾǷִУǼ٣
أսʿǷǵãһ£
սūȣ˴ᵱʱڳ֮ˣģ˵ɱƽ񣬲ɱеߣ
˵
ڱʳԣ˲
˵˵زʳԣ
ڱϲǵүҪˣƶ棬ϸϸȷʵūһ·һչ¿ɳɣֻδսຣΪݾнƶ棬ʵҵ֮ңȻū̸ףδüū֮ˣүߣʱΣҲ˿ǰ
ذʿǲģλӢۺܣս飬˵ãҴϧţҲһ뷨ڱλλɷģȶȻƴסλ
ڱͽȻһټӪĬĬֻɳϸĩХ˱ݴޣʵڿޣΪζ
˳У߿ޱߴ𣺡ūȴǽԴϵϣƴɱǧ࣬ճ˸ˣֵܺѣ˱үѡУѶɳ˿ͷ­ȫʬ˵Ŵֻ̾
Ϊν֮΢ЩֵܺҲɥȪ
һ˵ڱй¿޳һƬ԰˵أҲǧȡλԵλĪ
һ˵ڱᣬս˵ǰ£ݵλȻҲǷȡãֻȻ뵽Ǿ䣺и߻еͻϸϸƷˣ
ڱס⣬˵ʶ֮ҵо棬ǾȴֻһŰſڣҷ⸸ʮ֣
΢΢һЦֻ˵ǺܱɣٽҲᣬְأӪ˽ɷ磬Ǿ棬ǵն
ǡն֣ɱڣžģһжãΪǡ
ʦſڣգҲǿλǲʶ棬Ǵնֹһˣһ棬պ˻Ҫٷκοˣ
˿ֻԼСסˣллأؿڣλҲֻ֪һŰǲģʶ֮ˣҪУȻҪЩǣǡɺܱ£㽻ˣ
Ŀɿڴڣʱգ
ڱΪܱĬҪȥػͷסܱΪС㡾ְأĪҪʧ֣ްգ
ϧ֮ˣȻҪ֣ϰУͨţֲٻ£ƪ棬ѡ
̵ʮƪʱţҲûѣ
̵һƪʱʼڣΪνҪȥЦ¥
̵һǧƪʱʼףҳԹǰ컹Ǻҹ
̵ǧƪʱѾ˦Լ⣬ΪɶҪ£
̵ǧƪʱӶǣΪʲôң
̵ھǧƪʱֻһ뷨ɱҰɣ
õʱϸ˿ֺֻдò漴˷ַȥ˽ǣִС
ȥܱǰ˵б̡
ɱúþ޸סأÿһλһĺܱȻ°ĭεڵء


40 
깫ﻢ
ڷ⸸һȦ, Ѱ˹սūľӪڵдд˺һͻȻоվһˡ
ԶĶڵϻȦ˿ڡ
깫תͷһһòŮӽ䱸, ໥, ֻŮü, ˫, ָ깫̽깫
깫ʶŮӣֻʣѣƶ
Ůֻҿ, ЦҲ޳ˣūɽ㼸أ
깫۶סŮӣʱƶجج, Ҳǵǰ, ǰ¡
Ů콿ЦūҶӡūǻ޳Σȥǳ¶, һβ;֦һңǳǧūҾȤ, ȥʴԭǳԶɽϸ깫ʵӡ̣
깫Цƶ֪ԭƶעϲ, ϧʱججҲǵøλǰʦʦɺţ
ŮЦһֻܽūӱǣ
깫˸ףӡ
깫ӻסʣӿһֱڷ⸸޵
ֻסЦȴ
Ƭ̺ɲ˵ǲ̻ǽؽ̣
깫Цƶ̣Ҳؽ̶λѽãƶء̱ΪһңαطֵʵḶ̌
ζһۣ˵ūҽؽ̡
һᡣ깫˵
ҷ⸸ūҼھӪͷȦȦϲãɶסĪȤū˵˵
깫ƶϲˣֻǿǵأƽ̹̹һƬ̲סȥĪҪȡЦˣ
ȻģԭˣʱһȤأɽūãҲȥŴʱգǺôҲǼǧˣ
ƶˣ깫˵ڳС١
٣
ˡ
ЦڳΪҲĲף֪ٵѻڳ񣿡
깫۴ƶֻרˣ˽ᣬֻɴʶˣ
ʧЦ˵Ҳҽؽ˽ãūһΪҲͬ˽أ䣬δˣý
깫ҲЩ죬ʵѲɵѻǰʶ
ɽסֱ⣬ֻһЦҲõģѣҽؽ̽á
깫˺һ̧ͷɫ˵ѽʱ·ˣҲƶڳ٣ĲףַǷǾģǸȥƶ޸ˣˣѰѣ
Ц⸸ɲūҵĹ໣࣬˼ǰλֶο˺ƣɽ۾סߺЦλҲѿҪū˵˵λ¼ūҶλȤ
깫ɫͫһֻЦλƶһС٣˽⣿
ʧūһΪأūҼӪддΪãˣţ˵ű޾ɣΪٲףūұ㲻೶ˣ㻹ǿس裬ͬգ
깫˵ƶҲȥƶиˣپˣѣ
깫ﻢ죬תͷԶԶȥֻ̧ͷסվӣΪĪ⣬ǰҲƲ͸깫ոСС⸸ҲԻؽλǵ˷ּŲĴ
깫޾ɻص裬׹ˣ
ͷǰưǸȴַ졣
˵һˣ֣ھͷ״һš䣬㽫˻ȥ
ŭԸǰ﹫Ӹǰ˴ӣа룺ǰСӼһͷЦΪҲһ¸׹̵ܽСȻڸսǴԽԽƲ֣ҲĸһźưֻԲ˫۳죡
ư̾ģ·ǻСһ첻ҵ򲻵˵ãҲЩƣ
˰ģãƳЩҲˣЩĳʳú˵˵£Ȼܺúȥ
ϤĵóʳȥԷʱһǶµȻ֪ȥĶˣ
ȥֱֱ򳯸竹ǰˣǵأǵΪ󡯣ƽǳԲۣڴ˵ء
ԶԶȥͷУ֣ҪȥˣôҲս֮ˣصĸܱҲ൱˵ãһԣ룺͵͵ȥǽ˵ͷĸڱҶ
һԱ͵͵ţãδţֻһ֣ͷ͵͵壬ֱرиƣԳȥһţͷ˽סס죡
׵ǳ˶ǱˣĽǣһɱˣ
ˣֻ˳ӵȥһٵͷŭ죬컯ôĵӣ£ץסȻҪʬΣ
컯⣬ֻЦŶҲ֪˭ֻèƵһԶڵϣںͷ͵͵˼ˣţںô磡
ͨ죺Ҳ˵ҿԵãҪȥˣȴвң͵͵ҳ裬Ȼһӻˮ˵
Ȼµġ컯أѹ˵Ǵ£
һҿ£ˣʮֺ棬˵Ҫ½ڣ컯ȷԼһغ϶Уǵս촵꣬ȫķ䣬˼ˣʱкڲѣֻЩѰװæڼ䣡
컯Ư·ȫԼ˵Ǵ£ʣ㲻ã
ɫã룬ĸ׽˺óʳңҳˣȻڵң
Ŷ컯˵ȥ㸸ĸ׵ȷ˳ʳ㷿һգ˴һ٣㲻㣬ǳʳԹˣ
ᣬֻ˵Ӣۣ½ҲȥæˣҲսֲΪУץҺ£
컯һЦֹļģЦҲѰˣųزģֻʶһˣģг˰̣ųģӢۣţǲٺһ
յ°ҿɲˣҪ˼붫³нһ飬Ҫɱͷģ
컯Цǽߣרٵĵطȥ˿㸸׻Ѱ㣿˰ɣҿưȻð̣ʱһˣ
㱻һ⣬ۿ˵д£˵ҿ
컯ס˵ƷɻۡϤ


41 
컯Զ, ׼һһ١
ʮֿĸǡʱδԷǶ, ʱ, ʵĳһ١
˳Ա, һҹѰϡ
컯ǽͷ, ҲסʮƣұԴҡڽȥֻűɣĸСӸƵģ
Сƽҵǽ, кĿģ
컯᲻, ֻſǽͷ, ˸ף濴סͷ
֡컯˵Ǽֵô
һƣƼҼ, ǻ»ŻԺˣǻ»׷ֻߴܣλܵںͷ׷, ǻС꣬Ҳ̣ҲС, λ粻ֻԹȥѰֻһ˱ܱߴһְʯˤӣˤ˼໴
컯һЦˤ⼸ӾͿޣǺͷҰ׷ڵϿޣͱ߳˿ڲͣĻȥ
㿴Ī˵գԺҰС飬ӣǲˤ˺üӣȻҪޣҿλ֪ߵغĸ磬ᶨҪܽѵ
컯ʣû£ʲӽѵͼһòһ§סǻ飬ϸĺ廽࣬λһǸ˱ͷ̡ܽ
ǡ컯˵ģλҲԸãǻ㱻屧ţǸӽˣ޵øǴ
Цѳ޿ޣĸױ౧кóʳ谮ﲻޣ
컯ȥ૵ԭǱĸװ
תͷ棬ʣҿ˲ͬ·䳣ʶ֪ҳĻСӣѲ㻹ʲ޵ɵģ
ҲҲͨˡ컯˵Ǿвͬˡ
ʣﾭͬ˵쿴ǲ
һǼһòʮɣ߸ߴĿ粽ѵǴӣһѵ⣬ϱһֵܼϸĽСƵĵͷӻҲֱ˶һԣ
컯ſЦ̾ԭֵܼ䣬
˿ҹĻ٣ֱһӺͺֿʳˣ컯תȥ
컯ʱ˿㣬ԸҲһ飬Ҳ֪ģֻΧǽݶߣʵɫ谵ˣ·Ҳû˻ϵãϵû컯ģ˶Щ⣬ĸɱòϲǸߴݶ㱾ǾΣգ»컯𣬱ҲסݶС
㱾ߵСһء߱ݺ֮ŵòʧȥû컯ۼֿ콫һѡ
컯ЦǸճԹôûƵģ
벵Ժﴫִתͷȥ
һԺҵģ濴ȥֻһòˤ֪Ƣ
Ȥͣ£ֻſǽͷǻ컯ʣ͵˼ҹ
⣺㲻ãλŮ࣬ҽõĺö˶ȢҲǿãʱͷƤǸ׵ģ᳤óþ浿ɰأҿ
ֻǾཫһߴڵأĲҳȥֲۣ
㰵ЦͶۣñƼ
ּԶԶϹһ߱ãһüҵĹԹַƢﲻ˳㣿
һףҪҼʣǸȨƵĹ壡Ĳãţ鳯ͷһۣȻǿˣòҲãǶ࿴һۣ޻Ӧ
˼Ƭֻ̣˵Ҳʹ檣˵檣ȴ·̫˵Ļ
ࣺȻǸʵò岻
΢ŭ븸˵
ѹϴ˵ҵĶ治Ǻģȥ˷⸸ˣλ˶˵ūʹˣ
ࣺݣȻǺ÷ңɱܵǿ࣡
˵ʣҪҷ㣡
ί᣺ά΢Ӵ֮ӣʱ˵ǧҲңȴΪ
ŮᣬĲֻ̣ĳ˵ҵĶĲ⸸׿ģǴǴ׵ܣĪ֮£΢Ӵ˲һĸͬƴΣ
ࣺ֪ģԶ󣬾谮槼ˣǲ糯˵Թص֪Ҫ
ž࣬ζ˵Ǹס΢Ӵ˺ã࣬Īԣ
˵ùϣҲٶ죬ֻ
ŶǽͷſŵĻ컯˵ȷǸ׵ġ
ؿҼˣ࣬Ȼ԰䶼Ȳϣῴ
ĸǷ䣿ĸ
˵λܱ񼽫֮ŮսŸλ
ԭˡ컯˵׷ĴҲ紫һ£
üԭģ槼ˣ
컯ЦҲ֪ǡͷ˽ϣаݣŵˣ
ϸһ˼ҲеΪ
ˣ˻ᣬǻ컯ɫʵ̫㲻棬ֻȥ
ĻظƵ͵͵ȥҿŪһת䣬ɲɣưײ˸ţ
ưܼŴӣȥˣ
ʵʵͷ˵ȥ͸͸ãֻøĸ˵̫ԣĺú䣬ĪҪظܱ֮
ưܼת̫Ҫˣֻ˵ʵʵڼϰ䣡һҪ㣡
һʣҪȥĶ
˴Ӻ߸ֻļ磬̾ŵϢ槼زҪĲźãǼ鳼١Ȼ˾˲ԣֻ˵ȸɴģ
󾪣Ǻã˵ȸɴģĪǡҪȸɴˡ
˱ˣԺ㸸׸Ͻȥ⸸սūǴӶ³ս˻ãˣ㸸ȥ⸸ϣȰס
ưüֻ̾һ֣ҵҹȥ⸸ˣｻˣ
ſ˵ףһȥ
ưܣʵڼң죬Ҫˣλ֮ˣڳ費Ҹ죬Ҫ£Ҫ
ͷֻưܴһִУҽֱֱ⸸ȥ
㿴̣Щţתͷĸ׻ֱֱȥĿºͶǣ㰲οĸײصģײȥ⸸ˣ
ֻ̾̾˵˳裬û¡


42 
ưܿӱޱȥ⸸, һ·ϾȻƽ£λҽҲ˿
⸸ʱȻʱǽһ⸸ĵ, Ž˯, һ, , Ǵ֮ԶԶһϵưܣֿͨ
ư, ˷⸸, ԶԶһ, ֻԼѰ˵ط
⸸ССķַǴȰǱŷ, ֵ֣ҲһԶԶһ, ֻսūְѲߣƵĻҲⷻͷǰţ֪ʧ˶, δҪȥ޹һŲ޵룬ľҲޣһԻ˸ľͤ߻˼ǴƮƮˡ
ưδı仯֮󣿾Ȼȳ軹ͷЩ
һСոūưһ˵ɣֵ⣬ֻ˵֪ʦ˶˾棬ϸ£ݲҲϸĩ֮˱ūūֿɳȢӣߣܽ޶ĸ
ưʣսūϼҴڣҪİã⸸ҲСطðʮսȻӵ̾ﻹŵ£
ǱЦִ֪ͨᣡǡֽҲ٣ܰǶ
ư˵ȷ٣ȴưƶ̫ˣʳΣ
Ǳ࣬£ͬᣬҵҲһտЩʳȥݣЩͣͷҲܳʱܽ޶˽룬ΪóǳأԱ㰲ﲻϸãȻҪưƶ񤾡һƬ̩ҲǺԸ
ưܲ죺㷽˵ͣ㹦ͣ
Ǳ·ͤݣһռΪʮÿհ㡾ְߣΪʮܽçţߡߡֳʳߣ¼Сʮһٲȣ࣬ۼһūжԶ֮ս֮ȵȣΥ˾ϸĩ򣬿۷̡֡ɡΪūɱͷȵ̷
ưɻʵ·ǵʱҶ棬ʱִУֻ̤̤ǲ⣬Ľ˽ǱģȳҪأ
Ǳưһ˵ǵ⣺ʦտţкܱ²ͣμǾ棬ܲãңʦΪףҵȽǲ²⣬ʦȻΪҵȸͣƶ˾棬˾Ϊҵ·ʦЩͷңԶǰǰ꣬ūҵһ㣿ҵҲɵĲϧ
ưңңټ⸸˿һ̾
Ǳԣֻưܽݺһ򣬿ߣǱֻںͷ׷ֻưܴ˵ʦǴ֮ˣ֮й֮޲дҪȽҿסĪģ
ǱǱȻ
漴ȥưܴӪ
ӪбվñֱظλͨһϢŽ
ưܸϸ˵Եɣֻط˵Ѳµ£ȷҿ÷⸸ȻС˲֣Ὣҹϻس裡
ưܣģȻȻҪСΪϣ·Ҫ£
عֻ֣˵صģã
ǳɱҲһɱغ˴ңĩӦ
˵ĩϰõɴȥ
Ƭֻ̣˵ܱ⸸¹ش󣬲˴죡㲻ɣ
һۣҲƬ̺סĩȻزýΪ⸸ģ
ԵǱǺá
ɱһ֣Ϊɱǣֻһģҹɫãã𣬶ӰֻϢУڽǣԼԼҲ
ԶԶ̧࣬ͷգʱѵ
ɱӱޱ򳯸裬ɱסʣˣǳ˴£
ز⻰ֻ˵Ҫʱ̱סԼĪ
ɱ࣬ľּͷһƬڣֻסغߣ·յƣٻȴѰ·űǰġ
··Ҫħһ㣬ʮһµ캮ֽУƤۣɱȴǷˣλܱһ⸸ǣҲǡ
ʱδڵīԶԶȴһ˸˸ɱһֻǰؿڣɱεʱ׻ͣСģ
׻ޣʱͣ¡
ɱֻؽһΣֹɱ֣ͣ㣬øǼӿ죬һɶ㣬ֱֱǻ⣡
ֻǹ֮˻󺰣ȡ׼ߣ𡪡
ɱڣǹһգ밵Ȼ棬ճӰɱһ紫˵ް׻ɱ
һӣһ쫷磬ǻɢһأ̿ǻǱɱǱһͨ󷨣ԶԶȥɱ߲°ˣ㰵֮ˣ
ؽһɨ˼ˣֻ׳ȾȻɱ٣ĸģ
˺Է֯ɱ߹
һȣѿսūҴսūڳ裬ڷ⸸ӷ⸸ȶȻԳսū޷Ȩ壡˵ӣȲ
ΪߴЦֻ˵λ㴫ͷۣҿ㲻ǴСҵȲͷ˵˺
ضסˣȥֻһɱȻϮ˺æ󵶶ܣɱأȻִ硢γӰۻңսūǽҲѰнͨʮϢΧʮˣǱɱڵأ
ؽһᣬֱֱȥȡΪߣ
ƿż
ͷһ֪ģڶ๭֣һ㣬Ȼһ˿ϢҲޡ
˺ǰأ̿ͺҲҽҵѪݱӳΣδüܣ㱻Ũɱ֣ƬҲܶ
ɳѪɱ⣬ϧսū壬ܼ
ؽһȡֻһžֲ԰׿
ٺӵӣضסΪݣȻǲıң
ſڣݷΪݡ㲻ɱң
һȻǴس裬ʥϷˣ
ɫǲҰס
ؽѪһ˦뽣ʣ￴ʡ˱
ɱĿɿڴֻһʬףѪһƬлҪϢڣɱδ·һ
ɱЩη壬ҹȥֻؽססذգ
ɱһٿȥز䣬ƽ޶¡
˿裬ʱѹîʱȥóʱ𣬳һƬɫ
糯ѹѺסǺӼھżǰֻӹһãֻءءءһһһһңң쳹衣
һϽ𳯷żȥԶԶŴ̫ңң

ʥϿ


43 
, Ⱥϣʣӹģ
ȺҲãȻֻ֪ӹü, ҴҸ˹, һ, Ǵ۵С۲֪롣
Ųզ, ȺһֻؽһһѺϴں꣡
, ʵʱ˳裿ʮ, ȥ, ռ·֪ĸһ㣬Ӧ飡Ǵã
˵˻Ȼʮֿ, վ١Ȼ˶࿴
̧ͷʥգڴ𣺡΢Ҳʱ˼, Ըһаãռϳ˵ϲȴüгɫ, ֪к£ԸΪǣ
÷ԣȴ÷̣ݡȸɣͬһڴ󳼣Ŵʮ֮ưܱ֤λóưȥ˭֪ϻأȴ˼ҳ໥άǼˣ
Ҫ֪槼Ǵļϵĳֲô󼱣ǰգضҪʳĲȬʮɹѹȥһգɫȴǲ
ȴֻףɫ糣һԲֻϸ̬չ
ֻһǣǴ֪̾µأΣڵϦǼˣ
æʣǿǺã̫ҽˣס񣿡
һ̫̾ҽˣȴƳãļȻöˣͻǷΣ˵һɵıȬӴԺļ֮ʹ
³ѻȸ÷ֻλܽЩ;֪䲻롮ֽ槼ڣа˼ȺģȻǶ槼ˣ
Ҳ֪槼ʩİǰǿ⡢Ӣ޵Уȴħһ㣡槼˵ĿۣҪȡȸ֮ģ˵Ҫȡ槼˵ͷۣ˵ҪʣǷҪĸسԴȡأ
ⲻ̰ɫбһ
Ⱥ˵Եɣ֪λҹ⸸ҪǱȸɣϿȰɴ;֪Ȼ˷ֳɫȥ
ֻϲҩҽ̫ãĩã˲ףȻҩҽĩҲΪˣ
ȺԣȰɱµһˣ
÷߷䣬ֻ뽫ưһ飡λҳЦ׸ơִֻϲ
ɫŹ֣ߣ˱ϲһ󳼽ͷ£ϲŭЦԲӰͷֻſ
ֻοǹµ֪ˣּһ߹ɪɪأʣǺˣ
ֻ𣺡ĩֻ費ãҲϵôˣ
ΪνѺڳ֮ϣ
أĩӷ⸸·ȻսūɱЩɥ
شһȺȻʵ˵
Цĩ䲻սūȴǲڻ£ˣ
δ˵Ǵãδ£ΪνѺ
ۣסǵɫ˱սūɱĩ֮ˣ
Ⱥ󾪣ʣ˵񼫣Ѻͳãȴǲ񷨣ѲԶģ´æµ֮ȴΪ£
ػתͷסˣ˵ԲΪ£
Ҳü΢ŭһˣҪɱɱĸ˴
عһ֣˵֪˿ڿ˵ԼǼݣĩȴǲɱģᣡ
ؽͷ͵һ¶Ⱥ֮У˵ĩ費ãʶǣϲȫݣλ˱֮ĩڳȻʶãǺˣ
Ⱥڼ˿˾ǺӴ˼ӣ
һʧɫɫȫ࣬ݷڵأֱԱŷӦӣˣҴɱ޴ӣһǹ޵΢ʧ̣ܽ
ӼģȻǽ͸һƬȻڵء
˴дȷ֯ȥȴţһӣøʶȥðգ͵ʴףסֳȻӣɡ
ȴһ֣Ӵԣĩȴǲͬġ
ʣץ˴ˣ֤֤ڣӴףĻͬ
أĩ˵ǵսū٣ӱܵ۳ȥӴ˲ԶݣūǧһӾȻܵսūɱˣǷ˼
飬ŭ˺⣿
ֻĩ֮⣬Ӧˣսūɱ͢٣˺ôĵӣ
Ӿһȥ˽ǵͷֻ÷˵ӴΪҪɱ
ӣǡ
ضסڴˣսūʬ·;ɵֻǲȥܿǼ¼ڰ֮ūλȦ˽ӣȴӵȴ̫СĻɳɱ֮͢£ӵļ磬ֻס۾˵ǰɣ㵨Сɳ˴֮£
һ˫ۣץס۱߽ǣڣǸǿɱˣҲ룬Ӳɱ
ӣÿѪɫǺ죺㾹ҡ
İŭӣ㾹Ȼ죡ıˣնȥ
æ˵ĩĪ˴ɱʵڱĩӴɱ֮ԵɣԵɵõĩȻϴҪ
Ǻƿԣֻɫ˫۵ͭ壬ŭ˵Ӵ˿ǱǱҲʵ£Ȼһ·
һֻۣҧأҴΪ㣬ԣΪޣĪԻ󣡴ĲѱǸ
ŭȻҲһϢֻһնˣ
ŴӼŭ죬һ֣æȥնˣ
ؿһۣסӵͷֻ˵Ǻĩ๼ӲǱãĩ
ȭƬ̣˵Ȼ飬ӣ
ƷɻæӦĩڣ
˴ȥ̼һһ̷
ĩ
ƷɻӺúôȥӻһۣ˳ӵıѺȥ
Ⱥһ֮⳯ϣȻһλݴ󳼣ȫǣٸСأǰΪ˲һ佫ȻոգݱʱɱҲǲմΪһɱݣǣȫңɴ˿ɼԷ飬Ȼ俴дˣ
Ǳȸ֮£ѣ
ڳ磬ֻɻʵĲȸɣ
ˣȺȸɡ֣æ
ֻһ̾ظԱȡġ
̧һۣʣģθɣ
ȸɣǳһģ֮£޵ڶ
ЦĪҪ˵Цȸɴҵȱ޶£ģ
ü˵·˼Ȼ֮һϣ
Ц⣬ֻ˵ΪһϣȡҳĸΣΪʧ׵
÷⻹ֻʧ׵ȡҳĸ˰
һԣ΢ϲ˵˵ʧ׵
أҲļʹôԼļƣȻȬȴǳġ
ϽʣȬ
أһζҩΪʳ֮ļȬ
ϲдҩ
أҩ֮棬ΨгɽϳУ
ϲдҩã
ʱһԽԣ΢ɽϵδУ΢
ǷһЦ˵˵Ȼܼ˵һ㣬ǿ
Ƿһ⻰ʵʵʵͷԣģ˼˴ȸ͵ԡġܴ˺ôԣȸҲͨˣҩ˻ģ·һһ㡣
ʣˣҵȽǷˣȥȡ
˵ǷˣӣȻͬȣ
˰벻ѹִϲһҳˣ
ȴʮãϲ˵¿ȥȡ
ҡͷӣ֮ˣԵ֮Īұȡ飬죬Ȼܲܣ
Ǻã
ЦĪȡȴҲȡķǹˣȻȡ
ȻԲķԸ裿ε·Զﶥܳգ
Ҳ˵Լǣã
زģԹ
ҡͷ
˵ĩԹȻ˼٣᲻ǲ֪Ǽٵģ
ͷȴüҲһ£µȲ𣡡
˵Īģ˲ĩȫһ£ĩʱҲǱշɣȡҩĩ񻹻ĺúõĲǣ
к
óһźںҩ裺ǡĩδöҩҩʮ´࣡
д˵ҩ費ãΣ
Ц᲻ãҩרļʧ֣ǲãֻһԵɣ
Եɣ
ǲãﲢǵļļҪģ
˼Ƭ̣˵ˣķ裡
̴ӵ
ʣˣȡǺã
ֻͷ˵ӦȡȡˣĲȡˣ֮һȱϯҲȡˣķĹ᲻ǣһǲȥȡǻбȸɴ𣿡
ȺһԣĬȻ˵һ䡣
ȡˣȸɣӳһˣ


44 
ҩ, һʱá
ΪҩЧһʱΪβ
Ҳǣ۰槼, ˵, СΪ
Ⱥ̥˳ظ, Ϭ, տڲԡ
طһͬȥɹֻɹһƬʣ·˵һ㱯ҡ
ü槼ô
һ㶣֪νӻ, ⻰ʵҲ, ˵û, Ȼ˵û޵˲ƣ˵׼Ϊ鷳, ȥˣϾʱҲǿôЩ˵ġҪ˵ˡֱɱͷ˵ȴп, أɲҪôҲȥ𡮿ˡĸǹһ³Ĭ
տڲǱûǷ꣡ȫȥˣ
˴ʧɫæס, Ψֳǵôŭֻͷһ˸οϢŭ
ɹȥǲϵã˲̣Ž񲻺ϣ֮ҲѲɴ槼ˣòôܹҹġ
˼һٷŭֻ槼޹ȥ
ؽ޹ֻһŮţƳһֻۣʣˣ
Ů䲻ʶأŸյøϽæѶϢ˵ҩҽ´λֻü
һ槼ֻ槼˫ģغۣؽҩֻ˵ιҩĩ˱ܡ
ӹҩ槼£槼շ£ѣٺۣϲ˵治۹£
Ůס槼˵ҩһԱãǣǴʢ跸һϸ˼ȻҪɣ
Ůֻ¶ϲɫˣȥʳһҪϸ
Ů£Ҳô槼ҲΥȻҪúȥ
ŮһأֻоԶ槼˱ϸ
槼лҩҲǣҲǣʣҩоóԡ
Ц³Ը⣬Ҳ֪ܲܳԡ
槼Ͻ³Ŵ𣺡ϸСþãֻȻ롢ٽнӴֻЩĸ˵ҩԣװεˣʮװļ
ֻһԣüͷ壬Բؼˣʣкǣ©
ס˵ǺһңȻС壬ȻӣΪҪӣ
أӦãؿƿڸӣȴǽͷһ㣬ҡҷӣȴҲЩСִӲأбȻԹǺЩ˲˵£ǣ֮ˣ˱Ȼ٣飬ΨЩ£ʮа˾Żţ
˵ˣʵߣ޲ýЩʬΣȻ˴ɱ㣬ǶϾȻ߶ȻҪҲǺӣ־㣬ֻ˾ǻӹ·Ϊҽڶˣ󳼣Ҽ飬ҲˣҪƤ
ЦԭΪ˶ǣشδˣ˴İǵʱңҲ˵ʱ縸ӣҲˣ˽ҪźƤ˷޹Ϊߣֱ֮
Ҳ˵Ϊ֮ǷǺӣΣ
أҼзڣҷֻǺЦƤ񣬴֪ɱ٣ĻǶˡˣЦǼƽϣҲǳЦ
槼һߣ۴ɫɫ糣΢΢˵ˣҲǷҪڼƽϣ˵ƽЦˡ
ֻ˵ҲãʤΪ
صͷʣȸɴ֮ô
֪ߣΨңӻƷɻ
槼˸ۣ˵һҲ֪ߣĲңϷΪѣǣˣ
ؿ槼˵ȸɴ˲Ҳã¶ڡ
˼ǣŲõġ
̾һңҵҪú׼ˡ
÷ȥݷȸɣȴһ塣
÷λˣĻ£˵˵ҩһȡˣǺãķ˰·ҲĳϣͬΪĲȡ
ȸɰ÷ΪģȻãΣգ
÷յҲˣȽԲϸտǱ治Ҽ飿
ݿһۣ˵α治壿
÷Ҫֽ˳Ŵ·𲻽֮Ǵ·ϣ̬⣬ƻ˴һ㣬ȸɴˣãʱʣȡҩΣɫ糣ֻǻбȸɴôɷҲ·Ϊ槼ҽҩˣ
ʣΪ֮ϣĸңĸǼ飿
÷һϣλӡԭΪңһȻǵ˷Ҫ࣬ȥɱġһʣüҼԷֱ棬ΪֱȰΪң׸ơǷ١ȻǼ飬һȴҲˡ
Ц÷뷨ȫһ£ҲΪֱɶΪ壬ռλȻȽֱɣȥ˼ǣҲȲȻǺãλȰ²ȥ֮ģˣ
÷ϸ˼üҲˡ
̾ȴֱͬɣٳֲǣֵ˴ϲȴҪ̫࣬Ҫ֮
÷ͷˣȴҳ
̾ԹҼ飬ȥ壿ΪȰһͷײھżϣˣ
÷ʵѵǣ
ʣĸ
÷Ҿҹ
ײھڹкεȺô
÷𲻳һ߱ȸɿڣˣȻ߸ڴ϶󳼽ҡڣȻǧָ˼ҳڹһҳǺã
ѲɣǲȰˣΪˣŪ󳼣
ݣǲȰҪȰ֮еȰɻΪ̫Ǽ鳼Ӹ÷ϸ˼ǻá
÷˼ãȻת䣬ֻȻȥ
ȸɶӶͬʱʧЦҡͷ̾ȸ̾δȥãǿˣ˵Ȼϸϸ˼ǰ·𱻰˰㣡
ݿ˿ɻǷȻ
ȸЦ᣿ȴͬ󡣡
==========================
ķѶϢ
ҩʮգյʮպʴ顣
΢Ӵ˳ӣ΢Ϊͬĸ֣Ȩ֮Ӵ飬Ǵ£Ҳ˺
˺ְգ׻ͬһǰʴ飬ҲǱ˺
ʴǰһգɽ槼ϣոȥվſڣҪתһ˻
ͷһһİŮʯ£ֱ
Ů˵ң
ؼ¿һˣΣȻ׷ܡ
ʣΪζڴˣ˺㣿
Ůһ޵಻ʣң


45 
ؾ֮Ů
Ů޵ø˾Ȼǲϵң
, ΪɶҪϵõģҲԣֻʣմ飬Ǽݣ˵Ϊ˲ڴˣ
, ֻס, ʣմ˿, , ͷһۡ
ؼģˣֻ˵᲻
Ǿۣ˵, ǲġ
ؼ, Ĳ, ΪҺ񣬶ȻܴùЩȥ
ҡͷҲŲǸ, ԸƧӲϲֵҲ, ֻڸղҲ
ͷгɶӽŲȻ︮⵽Ѱ, ǽŲᣬСģ˷
ҲǣŮݣǰҹͻȻʧ٣ɲˣҪ֪ʥ϶˺ףأѰˣǣȷԣͻȻȥȻҪ岻ģ֪롣
˵룬㲻˺εأɣӣڶ࣬εȿ
޵Ϊ룬ȴǺεȿ
ʣѰңΪΣ
࿴˵Ƭ̰ˣΪǼҵģˡ
̾ǹȥա
ҡͷ᲻ʣ˵죬ȻǸõģӣڶ࣡
ؿһۣ˵Ҽǲҡ
࿴ʣ˵Īڿһȥֻ鷳ֻǿ˵ʲƾ޾ݣ
أҪƾݣ
ࣺ˵ȥǺұǼޣǲãҲգ
ʵһۡ˵΢ӱȽӣԸƧҲ
Ǹۡ࣬ʹǰϦҲ壬ʲ˽ʣҲûôЩ竹ѹ壬ϰù򣬴໹ǿȥ
ھҲʵʵٿ޿䣬Ҳ˺档
߹հ˹գѰȥ
Ҳ˷Ǿʣ˷·Ϥ
ܲ˵槼ǽȥ˿Σáֻ˵ִۡһ᲻²ˡ
Ǿͷ˶źһһС˵λӱˣС
һһʮ߰ͷ֪˵òҲǺõģ֪ԸΣ
ֻͷ˵ӻЩձˣĲ
ЦӣȻҪڷЩ
Ӽ֪λҹϲЩأ˵СŮҲϲӣ˲֪ͬҵ̲ֻأ
ͷЦǡϲ
˵Ҿ֪ϲģΨ֪ǲãϲңܸЩϲģ
Ӻɸּ֣ǹݣ΢ӴΪҳӣ΢Ӵ˵ճӣͣŮӣӣңɹ᲻ϲ
ͷֹӺˣǽ̻ʣ
ǱȴգֻҺθɣҲԼԸϲֵҲңȢӣȻҪãȻԸ˵ҹƧҲȷʵҲϲ
ۿ죬ֻ˵ãҹȻλĺޡǹӣΪҪҪôۡһֱס΢ӴˣȻΣ
ʵͷӣͷе˵ˡ
̴˵˽ǰٻλ֪ǲǣ΢Ӵˣ˵Ҫһֱˣȴǿ
Ҳֻ̧˵Ҳڱǰٻôҵˣ
߾ͨ죬Ȼٻ󣬿ɼˣ·𰮼ǲᣬ룬մѳɶ֣Ҳǰ㲻·Ҳܼ޵ģҲ˵ϲضܺúȻܰŸ࣬ٲҲΨһӣҲ룬Ǻõġ
˳˵ҲǼˣʵȷĴ㣬Īˡ
ͷأѰ֮ˣ˼ææסһȻˡ
ظո˵·̬ͬǺӼҵӱ󣬳жֽڶп飬槼һװģȻԴȨλǲıȸ֮£ŮļˣǣռʱȻ˸ϵͬˡ
ַȥʣ΢
ض΢ӡ󲻴ʷмأȸ֮һ˵·ǲġ
һȥ
ֻ븸׵棬ȴǲǣֻרĵ̡
΢·ˣֻˣ˳Ĭã΢˵մ飬ҲģԹ˰գ
ֻ˵˵Թ
΢һ⣬Ƭ̺̾һ˵᳤ӣǴϻۣῴأҪԹң
ͣµ̵̧֣΢ӣ˫Ŀ䣬Ц׽ڸϣǸϣĸԹҲûڲڣ
ӣ΢ŭ˵浱β㣡
ֻͷľм΢ɵ˰ۣͻȻй˵סκΣ
Цһֻ˵Ϊ룬ϾǴ֣ǿЩġ
΢Ӻһסʣʣ˵òˣһæ˵ǲǲɹڹһܣƫƫ⣿
˭أʵ˵׸õġ
΢ü˵Ǵãݵң侲Ȼǲõġ
ʿһֻۣ俪ڣ״£ٶҲ죬׽Ǵԡ
΢ŭѣȴձʴ飬Բӣɥĸۼ֮Ȼ޷ˣԣ̬ȣȻһҲ޷ֻȻȥոӶټװˡ
˶Ի·϶Ķ࣬Ҳó£ᵽ󽼣ǣ˴֮ˣ
ң΢·ƴǰơ
ü֮ĸҲͦˣѲ֮ĸ΢
ô˵ԹҲǹؼ˵
˵΢꣬Ҳո裬󽼴ųôᳶϣ
سס޺ڰʮµҹȴʵЩ䣬һϽն˶Ի˼̬ȣųһ亹
󽼣òǽ΢֮Ӱɣ
ңʮа˾֪ģ
ػȥշת˰ҹ˯
ǰһֱϸ鳯ʷ鼮Ӱ죬Щ˴δȥϸ̽պײ£Ȼѣ
΢Ϊһĸ֣ͬҳӣֻĸʱݵ΢ʱ󣬱Ϊۣͬĸͬǳӣλܵãƽ⣿
ʵ¡˽֮֮٣згŷΪĴʹ΢ǵˮմ
ǽϺãǺ裬ȴʵУ΢֮ӣ˴ãΨܼ̳Уи飬Ҳ֪ǲǴѪߣΨ΢
ҪҪʴ
ִñ£Ҳ۰ɣ
ȵ˵ʴ飬Ҫ⼧Ǻεˣ


46 
΢Ӹϱڶ, Ȩٹˣǹġŵƽʣϲ
Я븮΢, ໥Ѽ, ΢ȥд͡
ɱס, з߷, ˵˽ףأΨ΢Ӵѣ೯һѣΨһ˶, ·ż
ֻ˵, Ҳȥð, ܽá
ɱƣ˵ǱȸɴˣΪ, ȴлҲ
Ц𣿱ȸȣ
ɱЦ⣬Ҳνӻߺһ, ֻһ˹ʵ˿
ػͷһһò֮æʩ񣬴, ǧ
˲죺֪
Ц˵صĳȨϵãǧƳ裬³Ҳȥλ裬
ʣҲףأ߲һˣζ϶
˵Ϊʵ£ƽ棬ºͽˣռǧòʴ˲²⣡
һ߳ɱ飺ԭΪ˲˽ãһȴƵܽ˿죬Ϊļ
Ǽ˴ԣ¶Ц⣬ǫ͵ޣŴһʣգ
ؿЦҲˣձڶֻ࣬ǧ꣬ӣǧ꣬Ǳ캮ضҹȥ̸
ϲˣ
ͬǼһ¶ǣȫů泩˵˶ߣͬЯ֣
̧ۿЦΪٲãλ˲̫Ϥ
ӣ˵ΪٲãȴʵսҴ˴ΪѰҩ´󹦣λ˶Ȼ졣Ц̾˲ţ᪣ȻŽã
Ц˵ǧޣ˴ΪѰҩǧ곤;֮磬Ȼҹͣؿɼ࣡
ֻ֣˵֮ܽǣΪ֮ң
ףˡ
ʣŴ֮Ǻúܣ
Ǽ˵Ȼ˺棬ʾҪ£
ס˫ֻۣ˵ɿ̽񣿡
˵Զ˳񡪡
ǳֻȥԶԶʣֻרע񣬰㲻ͣ·ֻһ㡣
ɣϯسԹҲֻǻȥ
ҹʮ֣槼ɺʣ£
槼ֽһ˿ֻ̯ͷĸ֡
ɫ
ʧЦ˵Ǽһȷʵ˲ͬ
槼ɫʣ槼ô˿֪Ǻá
ʣϸԣΪβֱ˵ĵô˿
槼ҡͷ˿ҲŮҵģʵ
ȻȨҲȫһ¡ʣ˲
槼ҡͷǾˣ槼ȥš
صͷ槼˵һȥҺú룬˵
槼ع

ؽ˿̯һŭǵ󣡾Ȼ⣡
˵˼֮󣬱ȻҪұƷ
ʣıƷĪΪ槼Ȩɹı
ЦҲ˼ƣǹؼʱŭɱȥʱұӣһ裬̣޻ͷ֮ڡ
˼Ƭ̣˵룿ЩʱգЩ󳼱ı޲ȫˣΪӣɱ鳼쾭壬αϷ
ҡͷͣɱҪѰͷ˷飬˽ϺƤȥƤɱˣԹŽˡ
üԹˣĲţ
룬˵ҿ֮ɵģ
żʱȱʧʱشϲŭʵνȷʵɱͷҲϸ˼Ǿżʼ壬·𱻼ȴ
̾ΪߣҪ˲ŵġ޺³ۣˡ
Ϊ߷·ǿ࣬Ҳ£ʱսʱңƵֲʱգȻЩȴҪ֪ͣʱܵͷ
سĬ˵أıȸ֮£ЩѰ֤Ҳпɱ©ҲѰͷ˵ķȡҩ˳ɱ
س˼Ƭ̣ĿڣΪ槼˿ÿѻ𣡡
գϲҴҸȴѶǿʼǱϲȸΣӣҴȻҪɱ
ǰӿλĵ槼ȴ񣬷·һҲԸļͻȻֺ˵ʲѧĽѾãĥӲݣؽԽڣ
Ҳǣһȡҩбȸɴô˼ͼ壬أǸֻŸֻУȫǱǷߣ˴ѧҲҪ
Ҳϸϸ˼˷Ȩ槼֮ˣ˴ΪȻҲ⡣
Ⱥҿֻս槼࣬ʱϳҲʻ֮ɫ
˼ˣ͵͵²⣬ľ꣬檣槼òɣӢĴԵȥģѲˣ
ǼѰأʵΪ˻㱣Īǽϰ̫ۣ
һæعصҲϻ۹ˡ֪磬ĩ̵ֻֽòãĻۣ
̾ҪҪѰᣬᶨ
ЦҪǧлǧ⣬ǧ£Ҳˡ
ȻͻȻ£ıŭҪɱǼɹ
ù˵С۶˹һ񽣣ǽǳഫΪ槼ǴͷȻҪ꣡
񽣣΢˵񽣣
λҲ£ҹ˾Ļڽ治ò˼
һպҪɱȻǳ˵Ĵ£֮£ˡ
Ļֻ̻̣λϴɾӹڳҶܣҴΨλֿȵʦϹϵ
Һλ˽ãҳǿˣɣǸͷ֪аҼ飬Ҳܿƣȥ
ֻͻ
ƷɻڽѰˣ·ǵˣи󳼸ȥѣ·ıȻҪѰƵģ
ĸΨλոǿڽԸϣ
ոսŹϣϸ˼λԼλлϰ£һת䣬վǴЦ
Ҫң˵ǵô뽫ģ
ʴʧɫĪҪ˵¹ٴ޴⣡
ʸ˵⻰ű㱻ߣͷңĩͷˣ뿪ţ
ɫ࣬λվߣűλʦǶأڹһǧҲʺɣҪǶŭֻһϢ
ʲ˲æʵ¹ɺ£
ֻ˵һã
ͷѾײţءءءľսʸϽ˵¹ȥǣ㣡
˸յǣ︮šաһײ˿
ɱڣסʣǣ
ŵò᲻תͷһѲ֪ﵽδˣ
˵ߣֱⲻ岻ô˴Ķߵ̫죬ûѰţȻҪǣ
ʲ¹£ιι
˵ʼֱҪԼһߣֻһ£ѣ
ʼ᲻¹䲻ȴҲǵ٣ġ
ߴߴᣬֻڸȥū֮أȻѳһͭ
·˿Ǳֻ˵˸ȷʵӰĩȥ˵μɣ
ʼձһԺӻݱ̤ŤŤҪⶪȻڵأ
糯ǽĸηֻɫ÷ڣ̳࣡
ĬĽͷ£ڲǴ£
λˣôһλسӲֳʶʱһֱϲ
ǳ÷ࣺбҪ࣡
׼
ҹƷɻ߻سţֱײ޷죡
Ⱥ治ȥн÷һ飬ĺĺ
ƷɻԲ¹򣺡ĩʧأҹ׷;λ˸ϣһʱ嶯ǽײˣĩϸ˼ȫǻ⣬ĩȻ˫ֽ⳥ϣȥúݣ󳼹֣Ǽ£
ǳ鴤ǿЦֻ˵⡣
һλڽϣڽ󳼸ԽԽԽԽ£ֱ˳ǻл㱣鸡
糯һԲȴŭ죡
λȻ˳ȥ
ͷ˿λˣһ亹ֱȻǾơͬͬ
糯ոȥλȨ˫ַʳִϢ槼ҹ£ļȻһϢˣ
ţûֱ̬ɱһȸˣ


47 
Ȼɹ, ȴеƵ̤ȥ
ŵӣҹǰ̬ȴԴؽ, ɸֻ
ϧ, ±㱻׷ɱ, ֻһոǿǰС
һվ, ˨ãҪ˵ʳ
ʱΪʱ磬վֻһʳ, һæµҡ
غ, ʣң⸸, ·
ǵͷɣءʣң
ͷһʳЦǸӣ㺰ƺҲã˵Ƿ⸸ȥң
ú, ͷһ컯
ǻ컯һǻˣһߴ, ˺æһ̧ͷأ
طΪڴˣ
ǻ컯óҲŽսֻ˵, θɣ
ضסƬ̣Ц˴볯費Զǻȥ˸
컯յĪģ·¶ã
أҾãƷɻ㸸ȴڵз
컯ŭǰ˽һأʱỹ£ˣҲĻ˵ڵз
ضס˵ǽʦ֮Σ
ǻ컯һ
ؽʳ꣬ʳ͹ʳͨ⸸֮·
ǣߣһͷҲ컯иסʣ
컯˫Ŀ죺Ҳ
ؼ˴𻰣㲻컯ʣȥ⸸ưڷ⸸Ѳɳ£
ؽһգͣ½Ųתͷ˵Ҫ£㸸УҪȥ⸸
컯һĬĬסֻ˵Ҳȥ
ϣ컯ͽܣʣĲ
컯֮Աǣңҿˣ
ԭˡ˵أ
컯˵ܲ˵ʦӣҪԿֽ࣬ס˰ɣֻƴ޵ߣУԸᣡ
ʧЦ޵ŵ
컯˵᱾˼ӵܣ˼кβɣ
Цϸ޵ȴǲ룬ʦ彪Ȼؿڷۣ
컯ʣ֪òˣʦˣʱ̾ң
ʱϿЦˣ˽֪
̧ͷһһ޻䣬Χ죬ɢ䣬ֻһЦ
컯´ʣʦĸ
ֻ˵깫ʣˣְ
깫˸ף˵Ҳã費˼˾Ҳ̣ռ֮£ƶ䣡
ùģ
깫ЦƶֵĺܣӣΨ߶ˡ
ع쿴ֻסʣҵһ 㣬סңҪĶ
깫Цüꣿ
깫ЦȷǱ񽣣ѵ׹ޣҪã
Ϊ
깫ʣӺζ
ֻס깫˵ῴ͸ݣ֮һʧܡ
ʣѲֻΪ̽Ӻζ㽫Ҹס
깫Цƶһˣ׷ף֪
ǡؿֻ˵ôкã
˵Ҳֻߣͷ컯Ҳ깫˸ף⸸ȥ
깫ںͷסؿ͸Ҫз꣬յҪ
깫ֻס˵ƶԮ
Ԯ컯ڴˣŭһߴסˣ
깫Цǣƶһߴס
컯Ҳû깫Ī̲ס࿴һۡ
⸸չӸպúʣؼ깫ڣһԲҲҪз·и񣬴ʮаԣԼֵвĿΪΣֻܷΣл컯úעֻ˵ɲҪɱˣ
깫Цƶ޴˰ãʱɱǽϣҲһʱ𣬽յýֻһߴűǣ
ضüۣŽӪ
սūһػ棬ưܡǳӭưæʣǱסȸɴˣ
ȸɴƽ¡
ưܴϲ˵Ȳæˣ⸸ǳҪ£
⸸æǳæ¸ʤ
գ槼ؿգλ󳼣ǼȹϣµģҪ亹
˵ʮôʮգǷ
˴𣺡ô˵ʮգգһѽ
̾Ǻã
߰Ҳŭ槼ˣ˵ҪϷȴ֣Ҳ槼ķ˵ϸö˶˵ȥŪңʱŭȻɱ˺ö๬ˣɹŽԱɱ⣬Ͱǲ槼ѶϢǺã
˽ӻ񼴱ɱ˱ȸɣҲıľսֻҪ槼ӳ㡮ˡͺã
ĻĪҪɱͷ˲
߰˳˼ü֮槼˵ѧķ
ʣӣ
˳˼˾·ֱƷɻɱ˵ʬף࣬·᪵ˣ
Ц
˵£ȻƲѣ׼գ
֮
̾Ѹǰɱ˱ȸɣȽ·һ
Һóֻи
ʮգǧ򻽣ζҲ˲ֻǲķϽɽѰҩ
ɽѰҩ̫ʢֻڹеȺ
ȨҲʮֽţͬһȥѰ
ȨǱ̲סȻʮգ˴£
һڹΪȡҳ֮ģķ۸вֱڶ࣬ͿںһͷײôĽգ˶ƵģǴȨϽţµ亹Ȼֻ̬ͬί᲻ż·ϽӶִ̿ӣǴң
ȨһҲĬĬ˵ǰҲϣĸϲñŭȥʱȸɱūȨ֮±Ǹף
Ҳ谭ȴż
̬ȻͬʧأΣҲ˹˵ȥ˵ǣֻηͷȥȥţԣ÷յǹԾҲʵʵˡ
һ³Ĭʮֹ죬Ҳζתͷһɫ糣˶ǽţΨһ˲ŲæǺˣ㳰һ·Աɱȸϵˣ
ƽ˵ֻŸϽ裬ۣд̿Ҳˡ
̣ȴ޿ɱ粵ֻ󲿶Ӹɽ˽Ѱν
˷һ£Ǹɶ
ΨһɶΪòƸñˣ
㲻㣬û뵽ҪϣȻڣ
²ҲȥѰǡתʵ̫죬һת۱㵽˻ƻ裬ִѶϢ槼Ȼֻʣһˣ
˼꺰ΪѰ˵ˣĳѰ
гӻధ󣺡λǧ꣬Ϊ˱ȸɴĳѰ
Գ亹ļҲýţΪ˽ǡĪдѰˣ槼κñãѰţȸ֮ҪЩô
ɱȸɣλмƣ
ԽҲľܽ˼ǡ
ˡ
ԶԶһľȻѶϢ˴ȸɴ˱нˣ
ȺǱɫ˿޵ȸɴ˱ȻʮΪĲϣ
ķǴ󾪣ؿɼð֮ȡתۼżüͷ壬ĽָסȻĲϣ
ίΪ˵ң
˽ӻѽѽΪҺȽǿѵĲϣ
˰ǼЦװúãλˣʵң˿ɿ󣿡
磬ڣѩз
ͷ磬ʱˣɫȻ󰵣ĴȨһһ⣡Թ˲ɽȥ
ôѶϢ
ļã
ѶϢ
ȸɴĿɼй
÷һԣȻڵأң죬޴󱯣кãĲ
лҪ˵Ǹ깫׹ޣԭûᵽҪȥϲˣö˶˵׹ޣҲ֪Ϸţ趨diao ǽĴ޽棬һ£ûв鵽룬ƣԻԼ趨


48 
һ, λسǿ޵ñݣҲɫɫߣɪɪݴԶԶ, , Ѿٵ룡
͵һתͷ, ס΢, ΢Ҳסֻ˵һ仰ŪͳҲ
΢˫Ȼ󣬿Ȩס, һҧ, Ĵλˣʧ£֮ԣɱ, ŪȸΣ
λȨ˫۽ǱԶƻ·ȼƵģݼŹ, Ȼ͵͵ȥսлסԼү˸ͣȸƴɹ, ɱӹ񣡡
΢תͷķ˫΢Уλǧ꣡ȽδΪȡҩȴ, ģ
ķεȴﲻ΢˼˰˫ۣȻȨ˻ȥ׼ԾӦøۻʤδٿ
˳ڣ費ʮȦսū꣬ūʮ򣬴˵Ȩڶ࣬γʤء̫ʦ٣Բٳ裬һ뱣
˻䣬Ȼսūɱ
սū֮죬׼ǲִ٣ǰӣȻسȨѳУʳѰձǡ槼أ׷һ򣬱ȻǳԲ˶ߣ
˽ǲ΢ΪǵΪڳԵǻȨ棬ūԽԽ٣Ǯƽѵãֱ꣬ȻҲ̲ˡ
΢Ȼ˵
΢һĸͬΪ֣Ǹʸλ
ԭб֧֣񾭴һ£Ȩ󵹸꣬˺ȻҪɱȣ
˻һĻ̻̣
÷˫Ŀס΢ţ΢Ӵˣ㾹Ȼ
΢ֱһֻۣǳڣ÷ȻֹΪ
ⷽ˼״÷һھѺסǻͨ죬ֻ΢׵ܣΪǶѡȴǷˣϣ
΢ס˵Ϊܳˣһ΢ܣ΢վ˹ȺΪɽ룬ĿɼΪԻ־壬΢
ӴǴ֣ӦΣɱѴҳˮ֮У
÷˼ô죬תͷݣֻڵϱĿԣһڴǷ߷ߣȴΪսū̼Ȼʮ򣬽߲ʮڳĿɿڴƣɲһաһʱ˵ģ
ǰң󺰣λˣĩӭعΪδսūִֿ
ЦαװģȸɴȻ׳ģĻҪңӭཫǽƭɶ
Ʒɻνŭһ֮ӭӽλ˻عһףȬϲȴλʮǣбֱָ޹֮λλɴ֮ӣȴ˼رҪ߱λ
䣬һһʿǣҴҳӾǰȸΣ
ͷһȣɱ
ͷոյʮ˵ʮֱͷ΢ضϣȨսūԹ졢ɱڣǰбԹԻΪһǻɱУǲֱײһʱ޵У
ǹһ˦õ߰˸Сʵû𣡣
Ϊʮʮںͷսūضϣ
ַֻɱ
ңңԶǣɱ죬ֻ̾һ֮Ѿˣ
΢ס¶Ц⣬͵һǰγԸ΢Ϊ
ϲסҡҡͷսóҲڣԸɱ
ķΨ⣬ǰʾ֪
ʳָ΢ⳡսʤǰܣԣ·ʤ˸ã΢Ըú·ǰˣǻ槼ôߴ磬вͷ
ɱ죬Ǳ߹ȻѶϢɱ͵վֻǾ࿪ڣޣΪȥ
಻ԣæʰŹŹֵֹģһ£üߺó£
ͷ˼æ̴ֻӼɫŹ֣ϲǣӣ΢Ӵ˷ˣ
ʲôྪǺã㣡㻹Ц
̴˵΢Ӵ˴ʮ򣡡
üͷ壺սʮΨһλս㲻򡣡
˼Ƭ̣ʴϲȴֻڵϣڸϺúôסĪǱһ˿ϵ˿̣Ͱǳȥˣ
ˣ̲סΪҪȥʣܲЩܵǿΪ㵽ãͷڹһ㣬Ȼڼ
ʸԸֻ˵һ䣺λ²̱Ҫˡ
̴Ӹ˵ѳӣɱǹ
漴ͷʮ򣬹볯裡
һֻΪӷһǰ˵֮˫ʣҸףǷҲ룡
ʱ۲ǾޣճӣȴƫƫչʮȻıˣҸײǴﾭɱʣ
ʳĬ޺Ȼ㸸
ס֣ȴóһУæǶסΪΣ죬˻
ޣܣˣܵǽȥΨһ˶̰ܿܣʤ޳Ϊβһ
һȥסӵڻֻڣ಻صģΪȻסţҴҡ
̴ӱ
һƬ̻ȻعʱѼϽ˳ȥͷ˻УγȥȻӰҲˡ
ֻԱ̴ӿ޵˺αؼӣֲϰ䣬ȥˣ
̴ӼһŽţǾֻ࣬˱ǣƥȥ
Ǿںͷ޺ҹȥ
̴ֻ俴һۣ˵˻Ǻúöڼùӵģ
ϣﳤȥ
΢ӸС
ͷɱ죬æң£
΢ӴһȨѣȴǧ˵ǧǴ֮ӣãǻ˵ã
󽼼ҲԲĲԽ˼Խǲ˴֮ӣȾȻ
һЦֻʧƵǧ֪΢ӴȻҪƹҲýǸֻǧ꣬˽ҹ㲻ˣ
һͷɱ򣬾Ī˷ѣ
󽼼̬ȣȻµʮ֮˾ţǰ߱߱˴¹ͣȻصþģǰӣ
üִֻһ̴ӻδüӣǼ˳ȥ
ǰս˫ɱ𾢣ȻڽڰˣҶ֧Ƭ̣ɽսɱ죬أš¡һ󿪣ңңʮƳ
ⷽ˺ʿ
Ƿλ̤죬զ𣬼תһֻڼףƵǹսأڻзɱɱ
Ǳߣһ֮ʬأѪսң
˫Ŀ󣬻Ȼ򣬺ĿѪɫף˵ԭֻ֮áСˣ


49 
ɽս, ƽսǱ§һţϰ£ǡ
ش̤һ񽣳ֱ룬ǳսūֽһ㱻úˡ, ⸸ʮ, սūȻ㱻ɱȥƣ
ͷεң󺰣ɽҳӣԹ߱, Ϊ˭ԸɱУ
شһԸΪ, ǣ
죺ǣ
ǱǸ磬ֻóǹһ˦, ̵ʮսū, Ҫɱȥ, ֻǰսūѪأһƷɻתͷһ, ųνͣ
ӢۣƷɻ󺰣л
컯һֻĪаһɱ˼ʮսū, ¶Ц⣺л
ʱսɱֱЩսūĥԾʧһֻֻ㱼ɱҿ, ·ȴʹʧ߷⸸սĥ޵Уһްȥƴɱ䰮ϧȴгū֮Զ޶°ңңȴȴֻҫս飡
ǻƷɻ컯ȡ̣ǹɱзսǰͺ̱ߴɱءսڰӦֱ޵Уң
гɱ󣬷ʮ飬ֻǶսūľ蹷ɱúˡĴӴܣ
˫Ҷеʯ𻨣սզ𣬽ɱһʱѪ죡
ս⸸սūսȻܾɽǱɱҲúӣҲú
ս飬ɫڰײ֣˲ʶǿ㽣ѰӰԶԶĿ΢ǰ
˹ȥæʣأ
΢пմȻѱ֪ģֻæʴ󺰣취Ҫˣ
ŭ𣺡Ȱ㣡㲻ϣ
˵űתͷȥѰʣֻͻȻͣԭأ˷ɺǽߣ֮ʣӲɵڵأ˫ĿɴɫҰף֪ʱǱҵ
һǸ׽ӿȴ޿ɱܣΨʤ߷ܻ
Ļͷһף
΢һֻʺ˵˴սʤսūū
΢סʺȵ죡ԴΪʱˣ
΢Ͻֻһ£սūһ㣬ͻͣǳҩ˾
˵׿Ǳִ󽣾ų꣬Լ޵УӲƴӦ㣬ˣâ
΢æʣǸΣ
ɢҪһ˿ɱֻȥǿ㣡ɱسҪϼӿΪΨһ룡ֻȻͶ
΢æ
ʻ˵ѱ˿һ΢󼱣æӹס
Ǽλܵܣλֳǲ鲻Ը
һо·ѣֻоսʮֽƻܣ·ȭͷ޻˲
һɱնһ߻صѲ̫ѰǷҪȨǶڴ϶˹²ȥɱ
˫Ŀɱ֣ʿǣԶ޶»ڵȶȳ񡢹ѫзӽթΣǿ㣬ר޳ܣڱҿ󣡡
ʱ󽼸ɽսң΢ң
̣δ뵽߾Ȼײ
Ƴ΢λսӢɱУԼСҵͣӦǾ䡮ǿܡɱֻ׼һߵʡ
ٿǶʣ£˻ٽɱ˹ȥ
ӣ
һ󽼣³ɺһҲǷƴɱһʱ侹һ£
ʣȷӣǰҸͣŭȣվȻ֪ر߱ıӣ
ֻ𻰣˵бܣһһͬ·
һԷң۰򱻿һͷƴɱֻȥѰˣ
ߣֻס̹
亹ֱϰ£ֻһ󽼣˲ҲТʲ壬Ϊˣ
󽼴ŭҾҹɱӣ
Цһǧ֣߱߱
סڣŭȣ˵ǷҪɱҰգ
ʴЦһ޵ȻҪɱ㣬ĸϺıҸ;ĸϣѲͬĸֳɱô
һԣǻ˫ֲյȣ˼ǰ֣ˤսֻתͷ΢Զɱһʹ飡
Ǳ΢Ǵⷽıսūɱȥʮ򣬱ԲԷȥһʱǱɽͷҪѰʣȴѲӰ
ʲ󽼣ֻɱѰޣսܶһ˿Ȼ죬ֻž±á
ããʬɽѪѰңķ޺һƬһƬڰǲ󺹣˺
ȥֻԼ̴Ӱңǽǣؿڲ屻룬һһϣѪкᡣ
ʱ߹ȥսߣֻϢ΢΢ţӡڲԶ̫ˡʲôҲסҲ㲻˹ӡֻԸֻԸӲҪ۸
ͻźϣ·вĻδ˵ȻˣϢҲˡ
ʽ˫۸ϣǰϸޣչȥһֻɪɪһǽߡ
߹ȥڣǾһǺޣ޵˺ѷΣֻһѱűȥ
ǳرأԶһ˱סĪˣұ
סᣬֻס֣ҲҪֻһѰ·
ĳȥСʵ
ʿһֻۣסȥĶһǽǣſݴԣһ
ͨ⣬ߣ
ֻ§ס˫ֽסսۣϸ᣺Ҫһߣ
סڰᣬֻ˵ˣΪδŵԣԹҡҡңԿɣ
ֻҡͷֻ˵Ǻ˼Ҷȥô
ʸᣬһߵڣ˶̫СȻ޷ȥŮСϣȥġ
һ˫ĿͽȻʼ˱ЦʱΪףĸնռڲûȥˣһиŮ׷˽·˵Ȥ£˵˺þúþã룬ֻա
ס棬ҼˣżʣҲҪʲٻֻƽƽõģ㰮ޣһ˲еġ
ͷĿֻ˵Ҵ󣬴ֻԸƽ£ҸʱΪȢǱ㣬Ϊۣԣߣ
˵ű㽫ֵǮٽһѰƽֻһʯͷһѹǶǶµһ˿϶Ҳޡ
˻ᣬ·пӵ´عͷԶ̻⣬վ˻ȥ
Ǳ߲ҽżսūӣսū⸸սū֣ܺһǷ蹷һȮʵʤѶˡ
ֻû뵽ֻȥ⸸±̳һ֧֮ʦΪܲһδⷽ϶ѣ֮
·ǽǣʬףȥ
ڶɽϣѰ˸ºõأ˸ӣ·Ѫ뽫Ը·ϣҲȥЩͷһԼҲһ졣
ֻúò˲Ƭ̣Žˡ
бУԴ
Ȼлѹĥϡѥ̤֮ߣȥһֻƷɻѺ
ңңϱߣȥ
ƣܲʱⳡսңǾӼ鳼ˣ


50 
ľսӭʱ, һֻѪζ죬ȴһʬҲš
սдߣҹѪʬ, 类øɸɾ
糯
żǰ, ӹ, ڸСĳӶҲ
Ⱥͷ, ٸҡ
ݡȸҺּءƷɻս
ûΪɶȸɻţֻҪӣ, ⲻһרΪɱǼ鳼ľְˣ
ֻ, һ̾´뵽, Ĵ󳼡ūı
ȸԣУбҪ࣡
׼
ȸɣ飬Ȩūسɴ, ҹ֤ʵԷ飡飬ϳȨūƶȣ˺սǳ, ˽˲
ȺڻȻ򣬴ȸɡءƷɻʹͨһΪľϳȨūƺεѣǰһֱ˼, Ҳأ෽ӣҹһ£˸ҷԣ
̧͵͵˫΢У΢ȴĴһ˿Ц⣬Ƕ
˵һսĳȨǶ磬˫ۿ꣬λʦϣҹһսجҲȼˣ
ֻڣλˣλݣȽƼūҲǸõģҹǴʣǱԼսūɱмλд󳼽ΪԼū˷ɣȸɴⷬ飬Ϊ룡
Ȩֻǣ˵òս֮ʱҹЩȨԼūźһԼһȥˣˣǿɱַǧٹ֣ǽԸܵĿǧٱ˻ֻľսУҹһ£˭ū
ūӵͬıһ˲¼ˣ
Ⱥͷʥգݸ䣬ĿǣаΪɫ̬֮ǰϹ˲˼һ·εν֮У
ࣺҹңξϣ
ȴֻѯڳΣ
˴ΪɱķɴݣȴͬһͬıʵĹΣʹޣ
ҲӦ͡
תĿһۣüͷ㱧ࣺΪɱã
ʣɱã
ݴ𣺡ķдȴﲻʱ΢ȣò
˵꣬˵ףݻɱˣһЦòЦҲ˽ϣǼǽͷ֮ݰˣסأ˵ο
𣺡ΪͬȨı֮£ʹޣ飬ȽķѸ£
ϲã˻˵Ŀһ½֪๼Ȼֳƿ죡
شˣҲɱ㣬ô˽֪ɱã
ȺһԣǾ˵ͨһ˼´֣ˮ©ǰıǳ֮֡
ȴüסأƬ̲˵÷̺£Ѹ£
÷ӻȻǡ
ҹһ£Ǵ䣬һֻĿɿڴֱֱȥҹտŵȸ֮ʱ˵ǻϸ˼ֻ
糯ȥ槼Ǻǻ˼Ǳȸɣ棬ʵˣģȥ˰գ
ȸЦȻȥһϤĽ࣬ʱ˹ȥһˣһѹھżͷ磬ר鳼
˽ӲЦ˶ҵ˵Ц
ȸɴЦһֻǰȥԶԶ˵Ǽ٣ж
⻰˵ģɣһǼٵģǡ鳼һ䣬ֻôһ˵Щ飬ˮ㣬֮£̰ԶɱɾҲɱ˱£˸úǵְֻɣһ˵Ҳλˣ
糯˺£ȥ￴λ㣬ݡ
΢УĿ񣬲ϲ
ýŲãֻ˵˾䣺ˡ
ã̾Ǳ˲١
΢ۿҲǣ࣬ռǼıֻԼЦ֮Ȧ˰գ
ֻʣΪҪѲΪλ
΢ЦԳʵãΪҪȴãҲòǣ
תͷһۣرֻ˵ĩȳȥ
ͷسȥ˲˵һ£ұ㣬
΢˫Ŀָ΢ڣСãὫ㣬ǲ㣬ɴ֣վǱˣ
΢ݴӿᣬһֻȥץס䣬ס޵СǶ£˼ϣһһǶҲģҺܲͬҵȼıԶִǰϧ˶٣˵๼ӽսֻʣʣһԲסı
ֻ˵
ʴޣʧĸԹƧЩвƽƼ࣬ҲȥˣòȢ˸ޣȴңûùһգ޴һֱǣִ㣬ֻһ¡
ֻ̾˵һ䣺ַġ
˵űתߣͷ΢ǧлȴͷȥߺԶԶŴӾУ΢ӴԾˡ
Ųһ٣Ĭá
۱㿴ǵ
΢£ȴǲܣֻݲ˴ǰˡ
߻ȥɫ谵ִҹ磬˵أ
Ϊɫֻ˵깫˵л⣬һ˽ˡ
ˣá
Ĵ̾һ˵·˲١
ؿصȻкñ
ЦعһȾƣ
µǰȾƣҲ˹źͷɫ·Ҫѩˡ
һھƣֻסؼ˵Ȼ꣬·ʶãַ·ղʶ
ЦҲ˾ţ̫졭쿴غָԶ購ԶԶҵ˵ƻ𣬻֣
һֻҡͷʧЦ´Ӳ˼֮ãǳ˼֮䣬ղźúŲż𣬽վף
ݸԭǹˡ
ꣿ
Ц˵
סؿˣ
˵ȷʵˡü·ּǲˡҡ
ֻ磬֮Īгһ¾̣ҪѰȥ³ΪѰҡ
Ȼ˵½
ؿм˷ܣҲ֪Ҫֻµ
µʢյûã˵ӰҲ鲻ֻ֣óһƤƤҲ֪֮Ƥƴ·Զ§ֻһӡ
ٽ⿪̯ڵء
һֻƤ̯һŵͼ
רעǵͼСսϵرȥȥμסǵΣڲϻµǻ꣬׳֮ƤƤÿ̻¶Իһ²ǽ껭ڲϵγǳȫעأ
عȥߣֻڣ³᪼Ȯ֣Ǽй϶ϳؼںη
ҡͷֻ˵ԲС
Цزصǣ±Ȼ̣ʱﶼ·ֽͨסֻʣؾţҴ̣ʱһͳ£
һֻǵͼ˵ķڣв˱
˵ķڹУֻȫɱһһȥʱ˵ֻؿڣϸ˼գֻķ³᪡϶ǲȺףȿɱˣ
̧ͷһֻۣ⽫յó·ȼ˻ڣķ򵥣ǵ񣡼ʹ⼸λֿɳף
ֵ³ӵȥҲǼ¾ͽɱҲҰص̱ﻹ
أ˴ɱ鳼ѹΪūƶȣڳɱһˣ󳼶ְտգˡ轱ũճãѿ룬ųԻ㣬ȿڳ裬ȴǲɱ
΢ŭҰģﲻɱ
أֻôɱѸȥʵǲС
˵Ҫ²ŵã
أȰڣⲻɻǸ÷չũ±Ǵãһս£ݹӦ
յҲҲɣʱɱǣһͳ£أ˵¹½ţδһأ
һڣʱŸ˵ȻôŸطޱȣ̱Ҫںͷ㡢ɻˣ
ʱʱˣӲƹأ
ЩڹУ»Ҳǣڶ³ٺֻس裬˳Ź£ȴ´ѹ㣬
أֻΪ˼ǣѡ֮·ðգһ䣬ֽ治ɱһķڿ飬ҵ޶ݣǿսȻ˲ƣԹصɱͿ̿飬ر㣡Ҳ֪ܿܣһǽͽǸҪ
ˣŭ⣡·쾭壡֮¾˶ͷ½ӣɴ
˺ڵأͺϢŭ
ڵأľ˼·Զ˾룬ʶıҪȥأȴսȭͷȻͣ½Ųŭδõģعǰͷ­£Ҳֻ˸ĺף
ҧڣһȥúգ
ȥڽϣֻ紵Ƥۣߴ׻ϲžһƬ·ǻЦį̾Ϣ
ۡǰľѣͣ½Ų
ֻǴŴﻺһɫС
һɵ
ֻڣĴ˿̲Żѵʱˡ


51 
ؿ˿, ŽȥֽŹϣֻʺ򣺡
ͨ콫סʣ飬ȡ
ؽǽó, ȴǲɴӲȡ, ü˵Ҳ, Ƿ뿪, ɶȴȡ
ϻһ˿ͨ˵سɶ컯ˣɶ̬֮
ؾǺãҲúøˣ
㹻, ٶǲ, ֪, Ȼעˣ
ü깫ʣ, ̬ע⣿
ͨһס, ڣȻ̬˶˵ȴΪˣΪ
һڣʱе໤Ҳ, һָһ㣬ȴн١ʱ㣬֪ǽƾն
رΪ˵Խɶ⣬һ˵·ֲ£ʣ
ͨüּ已̥ҲġǷǰ򣬴Լǰ
ٶǲˣǣ塣
ز죬ǴִԽôɶ˵ܾǰ
ͨ˼˵ҸߣҪ
ʣҪȥʱ
ͨ죺֮أվ֮ʱ
ؼ˵ùŹ֣֮أӲסɽôôǼ֮أվ֮ʱ죿
ҡͷΪ̳ȥرʧʧŵ
ͨ쿴Ƭ̣˵ˣڴ˵أ컯ҲȻǵ֮£ȴҪȥ˥
ֵ
ͨ죺Ҹһ⡣
һ㶣ͨ˵˵أǽ̫ǿӲȥʧ˥˵ʮ֮⣡
Ƭֻ̣˵Ƚһ
𷽲ŶִػûٿɫǴͣ½Ųֻ˵̡
槼֪һƤëգ£ҹ޹⣬캮ضХǡδǻѰۡ
һԾԾݼ֮ϣצһᣬһȥ
⸮ۡﵽкηܣκѹֻǿǧ꣬˵أȴ·جج֮ʱ캮ض㺮ǣ
֫ѰأҿҲˣֻؽһţ㽻
槼ͷ΢΢ֻǲ𣬰Ҳڴ˵أԾݶ񱼽
槼Ծ֮ڣŻΪΣǽ˳ɷҲ֪ķܣǱȵֱ
ǲһּͨ˲ͷĿѣͷΣҲд˶֣Ҫϼ졣
װ񻨴･ԳӰżйݣ̤ʯ壬ͻȻͣ١
~
槼˫Ŀ󣬻ءתͷ­ֻɴǻгһë¶Ⱦ˼ɫ
槼æȥ׷ǘȴ·׽ԲһұܡϷ槼ȴ޴ֻ֣𾪣ֻǘɺһһ˼ϡ
ֱֱӰ֮£·Ĭá
槼ǰֻɶ˼ϣ˫ͫںҹﷺĹ⣬ƬҶҶήɢһأ˵¶ֻڣ޴ȥΨԸ
µŭδΪ깫
깫ˣռ׼
ɫѣݻƫҪȥҵ
ʣ깫ռ׼ս£
깫Ц𣺡ƶÿԵȡ
깫һͨƴɫֻӣв֮
ʵΪΣţֻҪ⻰ˣ˵˵ɷ㣬ľ˼
깫һĪ⣺֮˵㼪˵ױףһˣ֮
⻰⣬Ҳǻģ깫˵·˵ػյ˵Ƿ˿ɱȣ
깫˵ѹֳ˵ѽ⣬Ī
ʱй١ȻλڹȺ˵Ҫ
΢գҹ£
ǹ˻ֿ̿ڣλ˵¹
˵ýգ
١ȻһͬɫЩǰ˵ôʱţҹǴ¹ʱľսֳ¶ɫ·ʮϰ£ΨŪԼʱ˶סۡҲ׼
Ŷ˽ӵ˵Ȼҹ˳裡
˵Ϣϲǣϲĳ˳Ҳ£ÿԴΪͷǴǸãѰͷŪǵǣһڹϴγҲûɶ£˵ͨӵģҲô˴Ρ
˼ȥǹʱһɫȴǺˣֻڵأ֨
ʣ˵¹һԲ
١ȻսսȻ벻첻ٴ𻰣ʣȻҪ˵ˣֻΨΨŵŵ΢ҹ˳衭
ʱ֮£
Լһʱˡ
ŭĴʱ
Ȼŵɪɪ깫һָ΢ֻŭ𣺡˵䣬һ֮»˵ˣ
ȻսսصҪòǳӣҪαΣοֻ˵䡭
ֻǻһƽֻʣߵģ
Ȼصߡ
ʣȥ
Ȼ˰п࣬˵ִֻ֪̿΢֪
ʣλ䣬Ÿδ
Ȼ̧ͷ۴ɫȴǷֲϲŭôʮֿģһʱҲ²Ҫδ𰸣Ȼ˷ŭΪǱȻǻص΢޼ʥϣʵط
پȿȴֹڣֻȻ˵ܴ£ǧմֻ˵ȥǲطձΪӦ˽׽أʱɱ̧һʥϣȻзŭ֮ɫָĿڣڹǡ
ȻɫԽԽԽԽҲҳڣֻ
ֻɫ÷ֻ˵һ䣺˿ˣҷ̰д󳼣
ɫѺסңң
㲻ŴȻԽԽԶǿ޺˷
깫ת˵һʱƶȴǿúܣƶȥ׷Ȼһܴأ
ʣ棿
깫˸ףƶ֤
ü˼ǣֻ˵գֻ˵ڵ
깫ȥ
˵ͨȥʲӵȷʵУӰҲǻڣȴˣҪ
ֻʥԼҪ֮£ǽһȷ·ͬһڤ˼Ҳ򳶳ʶֻǲ²ⶨȻǻ
̹֮ͬ
ȴ˸已̥˹ˣǻ˼Ƿ̥ܿͬʥ˱Ȼʶ塣
ͨʥˣȴʶ𲻳
Ҫ˵̹ͬѪ̹Ѫʶ֮ˣȴС
βܣǲУֻǵ֮£ڸǣ˲ͬѡ
֮εȾˣһԻ֮ǿ󣬻ǷǷһ׼ʥƷܡ
ȴǸ已̥ѹǿȻ죬ӳĻ֮ǲ
˵ʱ˲ע⣬ʱգȻ
Դƶϡۺģǵ֮¶ڸǣʱģ·ɶС
ܱҪ¡
Խ󣬵ʱԽǻ塣
ʮ⣬˲ϢͨȴΪرιӻ
已̥ͨȴܲסģе̫죬ҪѪϢ
ͨˣͣ¡
ɫ԰ףֻ˵ʵڸ˵˵Ϊʮ֮⡣
ͨ˼ȥιһǸ֪Զڱߵıڻ
֪£ԭʼһͬι
˶ȻҪȥӭӣǷڴ˶Ҫü˼ǣֻ˵ʱҪ֮£Ƭ̡
һ˵ס㣬ֻһ̡
־Ǿ㵽ٽʱֲòȥᰲ
ֽͨסΧһֻ˵ڴ˴ҪһˣҲ˹㡣
ͨ컰ϣȻŶλֳԽԽֻһۣ彫˻ȥ
ȫͨ˼ǣֻĪˣڴ˵ء
Ƭֻ̣º̫䣬Ǻֽ˹ͷƬ̣ϰͨǵſ
ػôɵͨ죬ֻΪԹ£ֻΪ̣ȻҪ᪣㣬̫ìܣֻ˼⡣
ֵƬ̣˼ǵ̬·Ҫ
Σգ
ΧģΣҲޣɫ·ʱˣǵߺȻһʱҲ˹
Ƭ̣ǵ˶ȻҪ£ˡ
ΧƬ̣ɽҰ롢¶ڵģҲĶǵ̫·ֻסԴʱƥޣҲôس衣
޴ա
ؿ˿Ƭ̣ڻǾȥѰµΣ̫ãҲس裬ġ
Ĵ˿ֵƣѰ·ûһϿ˺˺ңƶ
Ϊǵ˺ˣ˺ͷһֻ깫ﻢȻ䣡
깫ǰߵ㻢ǻ飬ֻغͷ깫أ˸ףЦܣƶĿĥˡ
==============
Ȼѣ
ǰֻ༸ҡҷ谵ñ䡣
ơ
һлǰźֻʵĸʱˣ
ʱˡ˵
ʣδô
ҡͷ
Ƭ̣૿ڣŹ˸Ρ
Ƶš
һǡμλɱУһμ½һ˴󳳶ţɽ˺˴ż棬ҲȺѽңѽңãֱƻ𾡣ӰȫޣѰΨйһվǴеεδһƬ
ƸǷģҰġ
ġ˵
վ˵شϲ깫ס⣬ĺƣҪǣ
Աʮ⡣
ߵ㻢ס͵׷͡
깫Ƶǰȥס
ػͷȻԼóֻѰٽǡ
깫߲ơ
ˣʡ
깫תһ߶סһЦѰƶڳΪ٣ȻҪӴּ⡣
𣿡˵᲻Լڴ˴õģǻȥѰ
깫һЦƵĹƶµּ󣬱ȻҪˣ
깫˵µƢǰƻ˺üѣն󳼣˵˵ãֻ˵㼸Сҳߣ˴۽磡
˫Ŀ䣬ֻס깫аס꣬ʣҪΣ
깫ó׹ޣɫбӳһĨħ㲻飬ֻڣĪҪƶȥúù̹̣ܽܽĥĥҰԡ
أ
ǻδ䣬ɱ깫ֻ׹һǵ׹һײ֮է֣Ľ˳һ
ȷ񽣣ȷ已̥ǿˣ֮ȴԹǺ֮ҪˣйԹƶȥգ
ڰȴǹ˲ּǰߵ㻢ֻһԹսסֻҪȥǷ£ǻˣһ߷깫һ߿ڣ깫ʦֽУΣ
깫ʧЦƶȻ̣ƶȻҪ뽫磬˵׼ҪǣȴҲ񣡽Ǹƥˣȷ˼ޣҲ۵ĵȵ᣿οסأƶȻ˱ͷ˼主⣬ң
رýڽڰˣ˿ڣ֮뵶·ζʱձȻ
깫ǱҲнþȴڵһֻèһֱ׽סһ
已̥ˡ
ԹԾܰգ깫׹նֻ̣ȥץ
˵ʱʱ죡ֻһĽǶɱ깫УΪֻ֮񣬱ǽ׹ն̣γֵǱһȥβָ
깫˺һͫױɫԸֿ֣죬˷ܣֻסأȻڲͬԷ֮ƶս֮ã꿳ƶָΪҲɵúúò
ǰߵ㻢󣬱˫΢У䶢깫λ깫Ƿˣǿۿ裬ǵɸභ
깫һѣֻߵ㻢ţ
ֺúס׹ޣִЦƶƶȻâϾƶСֻһڴ֮ǰȻס㡪
깫͵Ĺȥظǳֻ깫ÿһǧֱѹ׹깫죬·˷ÿһҪѪǣ
깫ԽսԽ˷ܣֻѪζ̲סɱһٱƣһˣֻɱϯ·ҪɱƬƵģ
һطͱڵģȻҪ·㺰깫
깫ֻɱȥ˫һƬ¶Ȯ־壬ֻ׹һ̣һֻ׹ֱֱĴ̽أ
깫ɫ԰ףѪֿ˿Լ׹ޣֻĿɿڴ
ι깫ɱ
ͷ·ʣǰһ˷ɱбңңƿ
깫õ뻤סκ׹ֱֱɱ࣬Ǳ已̥ޣֻš
ԶԶǱ֮ˣֻ彥䣬֪˼ǰͷ֣ҳڣսūѳķȣ𣬵һˣǴãҲǻһ⡣
˵çç··ƽ
˼޳Ρ
깫ֻؽΨ˫۾ƽ鱦Ưּб֮һָ˳õס

ԶԶ׷
Ȼֻ˰ɱʹҲ޷֪
ͬʱͻȻ񣬾־㳯깫һն
깫ۼֿ죬׹Ȼס˫ײرߣһ壬һϵȥ
ǲһŽñϣԶԶӿȥֻңңһִ󱯴һ
ټѪ죬дʹɱ䣬Ѫľޣ
ڻϼԾǰ
ֽǽסָſھҲܷ
ɫܽǸɽͱڣʯᾣסǿŽ飬̧ͷգһƬɡ
ѩ꣬Ʈʳָ΢סһƬ
ѩˡ˵
һա


¾ɵ

52 
֡㶴иˡ
˿ŭ
ֻǶ, ʯɣԶԶȥǧٹ֣һãããѩ죬Ǵñѩס, ëë, ŤŤ, , ͯ
ּλͯ˽һɫλͯͬʱ˸ס
λ˵ҼүڱչأĪҪ߶š
ұλ˵Ҽڶ, ȻһǧŰپʮſԲʯ, һ, Ȼˣ
˺һЦֲܴʯ, ѩһԲȥˣ˼£סλͯ, үڶ˵ǽ˷ּǽؽ̵ĵˣͷһλ, ү壿ڶʯͷ
ұλͯ˵Ҽˣһ꣬нǶźá
Ǳ̾үвףؽࡣ
ӶסƣĲ˵Ըү§˸ȣ˸ȷ磬ָģүΣΪˣ
סֻ˴һۣ񱼶𣺡ϲģлǧ꣬ñƴȤ
ϲŵ˺أɷҲʯ֣СƤ£־Ȼ˲Ҳ㶴иˣһ̫ƣ뺰ˣˣ
ʯһиˣֱͦͦ⣬Ҳ֪˶ãƤ԰׵üѩһɫǱıѩ˰ߣ·õģ·˲Ҵ򶷡
ĴûסʱƮġʯ˵ѩģҲûҪ¶õѩҲǹ֣һˣѩ·ͣ
ʯ˵ƶŪơƣҲܣ䣬ҲסϲģϲĶ£˱棡
ϣʯǴһ˦һλ֣ͯǻ˶
ƲƽϲĴ˸ףǱʵʵʯ˰׹Ƕȴüϲ˵ҪˣȥԶЩ⼸շ·дƵڸ߶ҲмŷˣҲó˺£ɱǣҼͺá
˵꣬Ҳǻ˰׹ǶͽϲĶһվããѩС
Ųˣأûë·׹ǶѰͷһʯˣ
ϲĶϸˡ
öַϲ̾ǽ˳ϧˣ˸Ƥ࣬ľˡ

ϲһָסˣȵ˵˵ˣ˵ˣ֣ʯ֡
ϧոձˣʯһ䣬Ȼֿʼʯͷˡ

ϲһСĿ̽ʣںң
˵ں
ϲʣû
˵˵·ѩסˣæ
ϲĿ˿ֽϵѩõǶסı顢ѩȫڻǿ·һĶ˴һ㻹˵û
˳ĬƬ̣˵Ҳã֮ǻһ𡣡
ϲĶʱ˺棬ǰ׹ǶֻԸѰ˸Ȥʯһˣþá
ʵ㻽
˵أʹ﷼
ϲķ˸ۣҪӣϲģסˣ
ϲġ߶˼
ϲӣ캰ң
ͣƬ̣źӡ
ϲǲƵĽ飬رסԶԶģѰ˸ƺõĶ
ѩ˴ˣȫӲϲһ£ֱͦͦĵڵϡ
˽СӱԶ·
˭֪ϲһ⻰ľʹŭҲЦң
ȫͷԣʣЦ㣿
ϲĴףֻŭ壺ѽϲľ˸ôΣǱòߣǸƵģˣЦ
ԶԣģСƢô󣬻룬ֻðΪȣڸлӣЦ㡣
ߡϲƳһۣҲֱּͦͦţ˺档
ϲĶԣ˳˵ģ˵ģ˵ǻġ
ش𲻳ϲֺĴá
ˡ
ϲĸ˸Ȼһѽ·ȫ
ؾӣ
ϲֻڣŶǸ۵ġ
Ҫǻֱۣ뷭ۣ˵ôҲŮ槼ġɽġǧŮôº·Ͱ·ȥģ
ϲĵȷȥòѪɾãΪ˫ûӣѪģô죬ѪãŽëӲŪòŽѪŪɾ
šϲֽƤ˿˵ڵøɾ䣬Ǻַ
سĬ
ϲ˵ϴ˸ɾٿ㣬ǸƤҡ
ϣֻóߣ˿һĿڣһһƬҶµʵٽƤһϣ˿ڸڸǣһ⻬޺۵ĺƤ˵ĲǸƵأ
رŪȥϲķ·żȥֱòֺ˻𣬺ٸƵϴͷ
ǻġϲ˵ͷҲܸţ˳ƮƮģ˵ģûˣ
ûҪϲҲҪ𻰣ģں뷨Ҳô
ϲʣһ£㿴۲ۣ
ϲһ£ʣۣǲ۰ѽǼˣ
룬ǴۣƤʱҲû
Ŷϲ˵˱֪Ȳͬ
˵ӣƼ·кƤëô
·õģˣﻹƼʲӺƤë
ʣĶأ
˭֪ءϲ˵
سĬƬ̣˵ʶ槼
ǡϲĲ̫ˣ槼òˣҲŲʶҲãˣ
ػ˵ϲĺֺһûӣƤ֧ţɿǲÿأҸϡ
˵깫ˡ
ϲ깫ǴӲ£δ֮ʱЦңĺȻ۸Ūˣˣ
˵˵ɽ鰲ϣ
ϲ깫ˣֵ׹ޣҸǴ򲻹
Ҳ֪ϲҲɸԻ£սȴƽƽģϲĺϲˣ
æʣӣ
ϲ˵ʯһԣ¿֧Ƥˣ
ȻһһէŪۣϲ˵㲻ãʯÿɺˣ
ϲȥģֽرվڰ׹Ƕǰһ֡
ͷ˻Ӧ
ϲĺƤֺϲĶǰ׹ǶӴ
ͷ˺
ϲЦ塪
ϲĴЦһأǰ׹Ƕ
ǰ׹Ƕȫ׻ֻҲõͯĲɨȥ
ѽ겻׹ǶʯֻƷζʯ
ſϲļϣϲ¾ͽ˶߹հ˹գȻλͣŲԾߵÿ켫
һ־ϲĺľͣоǰˡ
ʯϲĺƤ̫ˣʵ£
ϲ˵ڵֶǰȥû飬õִһԡ
ꡣʯ˵
~ϲĴ˵ϲĶôҲǳƣ㶴ڼģɶҪ~
ʯͨ죬æס£˵ˡ˵˲ꡭ
ͬʱʯǰһ뿪ڣӣĪҪϷŪҼүˣ
ϲЦϲĶĸҰ
ƿƬ̣ʯ˵Զˣڴʯͷ˴ԣҲ޶𡣡
ʯŽ۷£Ȼ˵ˣʹ԰ɡ
ϲĽطŵڵأʯȥһƣȻڵøɾ䣬ֽƤƿ˿˵ܴ꣬ϲĶŪȤζ
ףʯסأɻ·Ƕ˶
ʯƤһ˵Уʣ·𻹻š
˵ÿ
ѽʯһ˵ˣ
ϲЦŵãҽˣ㲻Ҫչ
ʯյҲչȥ˭飿
ðɡϲ˵꣬Ҫõġ


53 
ϲЦıػȥ, к޵Сãʯ־Ǻãϲģ˶¹ʯ۷·ҹһ͸
أ˿, ǰˡ
ϲĺ⣺Ȼǿ, ϲá
ʣʯǵͯһү, һ
ϲľ⻰Ȥ, ˵ʯʯλͯһƣһơ
˵Ʋ
Ŷϲ˵Ǳǰ, ҲǺ, Ǵ, ֻŲĴϻۣʯ§ȥһͷɹɹ, һ¹ָ˵£ö֮ǡ
ϲ˵÷Ƶ, һʯ޵ǣ϶ǲ׵ģؽ˵һɡ
ϲ˵ʯһʯ, ޱ𣬲ִۣԸǸ壬ʯ˵壬ʯ޳塣ֹ˲ã˲ƣƲͬŵ࣬컨׹ʯã˵ǸƵģʯ󾪣æҪ޻Ů壬ѳɣ޲Ů壬ǲҲģʯ˵ͯ컽ö֮СС֣Ҳźʯ
ЦǲƲʯˣЦˣʯĵ棿
ˣЦҲˣЦ˽ˣʯһʯù䣬ҲˣڣҵҲȥ˵ɽɽй£Ҳ
ϲĽŲ죬˵˵ű㵽ǼѰĺöǶȼͷ캮ضͷȴůģһͷ֫˲٣Ӳģ
ϲĽƽڵأúƬ̣˵۸ơ
ۣϲ˷ܵǺÿʯ㼫䣬Ҹһ£ȻʤЩ°͵ɵģǲЦվǴܽţ
ȫװģŮŪް㣬һһ뵽ɶɶ
ϲ˷ܺһȥԻʲ
˵㻹ҿֱˣòϵرˣ
ϲ˵ŲȥأҲɶҶȤ
ָ飺࣬òֺ
ϲĺĺٺһЦסأ˵иӣ~Ȥ
ϲ˵꣬˵űͷ˸Сֻعķڶ
ضڶֻǻģŶ˶ָȷʵܶġ
ģŲ壬ţȷʵܶģŻѷŲȥ˫žȼ죬һŲ̫Ը˻ʹУչҲá
ķХХҲ֪˼Σת壬ڻԿֺ棬ָֻĻˣҲ֪ΪΣ֮֫ܶˣ˼£ּѵŤת֣Ƴڵϣڵϣ
˫վס˼أͬǵڵأһأͷ˶
ѽϲĵȻܶˣ
Цչˡ
ϲĺϽʣ߲
˵Ҫգͷӷȥǽߣ·ǽߡ
ϲЦҲǿԣȵòҴһ£
ʣҪװɣ
ϲġߡһֻ˵Ųأ˵ӼиƤ࣬ȥͷѰ˶Ů
ذ֣ĪҪ´Ȥ
ϲЦӴӲȤ𶯣ܶ˱˲ԣ
رѹڵ ϲֽż죬ֿʼѣϲֻǸոܶＰֻյңѣҲԸӣ
ϲļ·ˣί᲻ˣȴҡ
ģҪƵģֻ˵㽫Ұȥ˼𣬺βӽ
ϲĲҰǼӽֿأõģôЩᶼһ˶ˣΨ飬ﶼǲңһ˹¿ģ˰ңΨˣ
ȫ룬ʣ㽫Ұӣǰ㣿
ϲĵͷȻˣض˵˵£ɲ˵
ؼ˵棬صᶨȻ˵
ϲ˵ŮҰܳɽ
˵ã㲻ǰ˵©죬Ҳͷһ˵©װģˣ
Ŷ˵ˡ
ϲ˵Ҫܣ
ޱ飺ȻԻ
٣ϲЦǴɲô
أϵ
ϲ˵ҵ˹£Ϊ
Ŷ룺槼ˣ黹Ի
ϲģðҰõģҳССģۣܲҲӰã
һԣ
ϲĶƬ̣Ҳò̫óڣ˵ԡὫӣȥԻǵأҪ
ϲĻ˵꣬ϲȻУ磡
ϲһķŻһӵģһȥԻϲ⣬ҲʲëԸ⣬ǴãϲҲӣǿʼ硣
ذţҲֻŪԣֻҪȥ˳裬һжǺð졣ʮֵģҲ³ӣǻ깫ɱȻǱʹǹš
ϲʮ棬ͷ˼飬˾·٣ֻüƽüĵһɰҲΣһƮƮۣϲĽǽ߿վס˵ۣ
ۡ
ϲľϲǰģĪ˵˼Ǵ޽ɡ׼ʥ˵׼ҲҪ쳾ն򣡡
˵ҲˣǺʱ
ϲĲֻΧתȦͣ䣬°˵ţѡӴȥǸҫ
æ˵ҪȥԻ𣿡
ϲķ·磬˵Ŷѽ槼ȥȥˣҲʱˣ
ŭҲˣһ
ϲæ˵ŪѽƣضҪˣ
һͳǰ⣬ԶԶ˳ȥ
ϲƬ̣˵Ҳڹǲأһ·
ҪȥͷͷϲľƣϲļҪ㼱æһѽ׽סڣø磬ظ硫ϲĶĸʱŪģתҪҳǾͲȥˡ
زٶϲ¶һ˿Ц⣺ȥԻһ¶죿ҵģ׼Ūҿ˷أǺúЩӴȥѣһӦԷһСҲȥ裬Ͼ⣬ŮҲӲġ
⻰ֻһڻԣת˸
һ˵ˣҪӲڲѰأǸֶθĶħ˶Ҫ滵
Ƭ̣ϲ˵ǰֻĿһϲȤǳȥѩˡ
ҹ˾ͷѩǷ׷䣬һϰǵ˴ĵ
һΣԸоһ˿һ˿ӿǺ谭Ĵ͸壬һһ귭ӿֻ泩
һվ֫޼Ӳ̬֮ޱʱ̫
߳סѩֻѩҲ޷壡
ѩˣϲģ˸𣬺Ŀأſ˫֣ͷ죬˷ܴ㿴ѩͣˡ


54 
ϲʡ
ããѩ, һߣһǱߣϸǷʣͷģ
ϲͷʣ֪ͷֿ֪
˵µġ
ϲЦµ׼, ͷ
ת, , ϲʣͷô, Ĳˣҿ˲ˣǸãۡ
زϲ˵
˵ҵĽ, ޿
ϲҡͷ׹ǶǰҲ, ʯ˵, ĴƯġ
ʣߣ
ϲģպⷽλĴȻҲǽⲻ, Ľ£̲ŵġ
˵Ҳԣǵȿ, ȥǵϲı㳶סЦȻˣӳȥˣһ⣡
ʣȥ
ϲתȦ, ͷ˵ãӵ̫࣬תת
Ȼز޷֮ȨϲĲܲߣ߶ԶһԵĽ𣬽ż㣬һԾʮɡ
ſϣ˷ܽкֻ£·ڻѩ
һѩ׷סһȺţȥ·Ȥ
ֻǷХ˵һƬֻϲٶȼ졣
Ƭ̣Ȼֹ˿Ҳͣ裬ϲĺͣסط¡
ˡϲ˵
ǰɽҲĶˣɽﻨ㣬ŷ·Ƶġ
ϲĳӣҡڵĽɽָժ֦÷ס
ʣĶˣ
ϲ˵ɽɽ
˵·ȡģҲǲǡ
ϲĺĴһڡˣˣ
ԵƬ̣˹ϲĶ£ɽ󺰴Уλ㻽Ȼ߶֮ƶͷϣ
ϲĺٺЦߺ䣬Ѱˣ
ǱȻأϸһվϲԣﻹ֦÷ʣףǺˣ⻨ң
ȫû뵽ϲĵ˸УһƤֻǻݹȥţ㡣
Ǳڻӹ֣һϽޱȣʮֵСֻһɷҲǽϲĳס˽
ǱϲĻüסأǱһѴɽ
ϲģغ
ֻһϢ죬ֻ
·бǱ˴󾪣ȻΣգҲҸطסǰһǱ
һߵĻͣͣ߻Խܣ
ǲ𣬹Զķ
һסֻнŵĥ֮н֦֮ڣȻƢܴ
ǽŲԽԽһԣǱһֳֻ˳
˸սľͽſ˺һƬ̺¡֧֧Ὺڣ㡭Ǻˣ
סһߵ֦վסҲ֪ߺˣһֻ꣬סһ֦÷˵ҹժģ߻˹ôҲá
᣺û˹ܵģҪժĴӡǷ˫Ŀ㣿˵־òףٸĿڣƶҪժ
ӣϲĽŮ࣬ϲ˵Ǵ޽ҲǲɴϢۣҲ˭Ů࣬ȻǷɾ裬⡣
رס÷˵Ȼժã͵ˡ
ؾվƬ̣Ҳ뿪ֻоվԭ·ûе⣬һ֦˸ףˡ
ȴʣȥߵȥﶼҪߺþãƶ㣿
˵ⷽȵѣԱ㡣
ȴǲߣ˵ر࣬ƶһڴˣǲ㣬ʵģƶڴ˵һţӵ˱á
ü˰ǲˣ˵ɺΪΣƶҲãʦʶտȥݷá
ףҪҲϲĸˣˣʵɺš
Цһ˵ɺŲҵƶǽͥɽݶµӣΤҲͥɽǲԶ
ΤԭѹССֶ£պʥʵС˵ƶء
ΤȻͷ˵ʦţֿǳȻɢޣ̽ʣɽУ
˵ƶ˫Ŀ㣬ʶɽֻѰһ
Τ˵õ·𲻽˫Ŀ֮·УǾҲʲӵѣȻǵвģҲҲңϸݡ
ֻƤ༫ãզһø߸ϣ·ҪϾʮ㣬ŮƵƤ׵ѩֻһǾñüһɰѩк÷ƽɫֻϧһ˫ȴǱŵġ
Τţǳ񣬼˫Ȼһ
о͵ı֣Τͨ죬һʱҰڣ֪Ǻãֲһۣ˫Ưͷǳ貣ôһ·Ȼˣ˺ÿˡ
ȴۣȴ¹ʯ
˵õּЦˣƶ˫۱ȥֻѰʯͷ֧Ƥ
Τһŭ˴ƶȻҪÿ
ֻĬΤһԸŭ̫ɣּ˵˫۱ȥ̫裬˵ӿɢޣ
صͷ
ΤףĵˣԥƬ̣˵ƶʦʮ׺ͣȥȻΪͽӿԸ
ذ⣺ϲҲúʱһĶ࣬˵׼͵ΤȻҪʲӵ˲ߣϲֲҳǵ߳ǰΪʦ˵׼κ۾ߣԺԸ˵ҲذʲŮϲĴس裬ԼѰȥ
ЦǱ͵ˡ
Τϲ˵ҵƶƬ̣ǵѶϢ
κϲűڳǱսս˵Τˣ
ϲĿѶϢЦȤΤһǷռǺЦҪԣ
ظΤȥ˽ͥɽƬ̣Τݶȥ˺þãͷ˵ʦչˡ
Ц͵ˣƶŵͷ߳ƶȴĽΪʦƶҲԸãǳʦͽԵǱչأԵ
Τͨ죬ȻǾԸû˵˴󻰣޴棬˵ƶطǴ
Τ˵˾ãӵĵѿѻȥˡ
˵¡
Τջ˵ԶԶڻʧɫ޴룬æزؽ
Ǻ֮˻ͷΤ˵ίȱһᡣ
˵ǳȥƬֻ̺͵ʦֺҡ
룬ʦֺ㣬ĸƵģ˿ԣΤſȿȵȻлҪ˵ǵš
ΤƬ̣֧֧˺þò˵ƶⶴ˵ôôҽͥɽŨӡӲڴƶšżɰæ
дЦ˵ΤôҲһ׼ʥԭҲʱڣǺƤ˹Ҳϲַȴ˿˵Σ
Τ֪ΪɶҪʣɳɳģӲͬǺ
ؾֱҲëҲƭֻ˵ƶеġ
Τ󾪣˵Ŀܣ
˵вأ
Τæ棺ӣӡ
ؼֱҪֻۣǽߣ˵ˮƶϴ㿴Ҫȥˣ
ϴΤͨ죬յҲ𰡣ΪҪ˵ƭˣ
һ߲Ƿ٣һ˵ƶ˫Ŀ㣬±ˣҲҪǾŴ˵ۣɽƶһ
Τûнز귢٣ΤԾŲģʣǷҺӣΪβ
أֻڣǼŮඨȻ˵Щǲ㣬ƶ֮
ΤյΪָƶ
Ц̸ֽãǵ֮ʿȻ£˵ˣּ¡
Τرôһ䣬ҲȥջּǽߣΤæʣҪȥģ
룬ʣ֣ʳĶߣ
Τ˵·ңҪȥǣ
صͷ
ΤüģȻȥ˳裬;ɽˡֱԣʵ̫ͬˣɽɽй֣нؽ̴ܲѰҷߣѶһˣҪɿ֮ͣ
üΤ˵ȻҽͥɽǿͣƶɽЩҲǼ֮Ե


55 
ʦ, ĶˣϢҲ
Τ˵ǴɽģҼ˫Ŀȥһ֦ߣŹֿ, 㽫˻
üɽּ, нؽ, ݲ, ȻʦҲչˣҪСģĪҪ¶ˡ
õġΤ˵
Τضһ֮, ߹ȥʣҼڴվ, վ
ЦȻվ˻, ǷֻȤ
Τ˵ĪҪˤȥ
˵Ƽ֮ô
Τ֮Աǣϰֲ, ΪҪϰ
أ˴򶷣зƼ, ӣͬȭͷ޻ﾡˣ
ΤЦҪжɵȱܹ⽵ħ, أұҪһԾǧɣƼܱȣ
˵˺ˣ֪ȫǧС
Τ˵⼸ŽЩȭţʹ
˵
Τ˰ѽ˵ʹУҸָ㡣
סǰѽֻǲ꣬ҲѺýֻΤ˵˽ΪƣնȻ꣬Ʒ
سϿ񣺡л
ΤֻվǴıһִֻסǽУΤһУֻǽ·γӰ
ΧҲʮֹŹ֣·־ˮ㷭ʽȴ侫ɣǧ򻯣·տ龳һ㣡
ƣʣָ֣㡣
Τͷüãɼ㶨Ȼãֻϧ̫ǳٺҲñѹơ
˵ˡ
Τʮ̣ܽǽ֪ϰԣҲǿ֮ţ˵ɾë̩ɽר޴˵㾫ǵ֮£㵱ҪԸŬˡ
ϲл֣
Τˣ˼УؿҪôȴǿǿˣ
Τɻʵʽ
˵㶯з磬ֽűнԸˣ֣ˣöԲ
ΤвҲ
Цˣˣپһ
ͥɽŨϰɵֻ֮˳ޱȣֻ飬·ǿ㣬ΪһǧżһԾԾȻһԾϲİ㣬ȥʮ࣡
Τ֮򲻳̩ɽ֮ȴҲɾԽ޵Խ˫ĿȴҲܶǰ·ˣ
Τˣ츳ҽͥɽ࣬Ȼʱ֮ģʱգ˵׼ܳɽɣ
Цָ㡣
Τף˵֣ǿˣ
Τ˵ҽͥɽļ֣֮ʢ
˵Ų㡣
Τü˵ܿҪ̾ͥɽɽҰ滨ݣ߱пǧӢͷףΧǻ˱ǣŲҿϢȲͬͬޣֲʳ󣬴ʮֱ
سĬƬ̣Ŵ𣺡ʱ¶Ǻģˡ
ΤͷҲø˽и˵֮治УȻǲ²Ȼˣޣֻ޵˫볣˲ֻͬжּϰеǽڣǲ̽顣
ʣͷǿˣ
Ȼ
˵ǿˣƶ£ʹ˸𣬶лֶֽصмնӿȪ౨
ΤæʣҪȥ裿
صͷ˵ȥĴѰĽȥ衣
ΤüĴǱҲ֪ģдܳûǽ죬ȴǲһָͷ
ЦֲǴܺ£ȥѰܣҶһ߱ˡ
ΤƬֻ̣˵Сıǡ
лǱ
Τںͷ˫ĿϹ·ܿƵģͥɽȥһЩʱֵҲ˲١
Ǵɽϸĩ֮㿪ڣڣϲأ
ǱңΤȥôô
˵ΤΪҺ񣬽ƶƶʶ
ڲ˵ΤײʱŴɽԹмλѽǱ
üǲ̲մɱôɱ
ڳ壬սʧƣһֱѹڴ˵ǱëֻǹӲдżʳҪȥܱũȥʣ˲иȵ£ϰ㣬ɱɱΪǴ֮Ҳ޵ôߣϣҪȣɱߣΤǼɻ䣬Ҫ£
سĬƬ̣˵Ⱥúöգϲأ
ڣͣҲȥ˺δĳ⸱ģΪǸƵء
˵ϲĵġ
ȻҲǣλˣѹϲİ֡
ز̫ϲ֡ʣ·ǸȥҲʲϲ䣬ֻǶѰȥɲϲģҲȥ
ˣԵټգԹԵѰꡣ
ظǷλϷѰĴŵϣѩˣȻ۲ݣѰ˺
ҲǲĴ
ԱͻȻ˳ĴѰ
һæ˺һ
ϢģҲ·ͻȻߣҲ
ؼʣҲбѰ
ЦѣһҲѰģ֪Ѱ
Τ˵дûҲ֪Ǵܣλòǣ
ʣ𣺡ǽõ޿Ѱ
˺ĳĬƬ̣˵᲻ǰǡڴ˺һѽǲǵѵģѵĽǴɣ˵׼Ѱ˵֮
üһѣֻ˵ὣǷֻ˳ѰѰˣҲͷѡ
ֻϸĩ֮磬͵һԾٶȼ죬ŵرǽ˹
˽׽סЦϣܣ
˵ѣҲ
˳͵һ˵˵㻽
رտڲҲɶĿģҲ֪ģЩ廨ŵķһ˵־Ҫʤ
˼ڣŭ㲻˵ұ㣡Ƕˣǣ
ŭôҲ޵֮ˣҳԣζ࣬˱ˣҪԻӣ
˶Ӻһ죬˼⣺໣ҪëҲǳԻ˶ӻ˴£յ˵ұ㲻㣡
ǲ˵ǱͻȻ˾ֺһء
֪ϲģ˼ʮֹŹײУ㼱æϲģߣ
һϲ㻽أðѰˣ
˵ţֱһ̣ǽ𣬴ᡮһչҲǱϲСΣֻһɿп
Ȼ޵ٶҲܣɿʣֿɣ
ϲǣͷ
˵Ҫȥģ
ȥιѰ㣬ȻѰá
һͨ
üͷ壬ɵ˵ȻעԼѲͨ˼ҿʥˣԼֵעĵطңͨǲŵôжҪѰ
ʣѰ
յã
زٶʣһᣬֻɷɵ࣬ΧȻŨ˵أֻ泩
˵澳ˡ
ˮʣ鱦ײ֮죬ɺչᡢ໥Ӧ뵣һ֮ء
ַƬ̲ͣס¡
ؽżŵأɸճᣬһӹɣȥ֮ãǷ̰ԣ
ί޵ʥĸ᲻ϴһأǻ˰ˣǶɻҵģǶˣǶЩҪţȻѰˣˡ
޵ʥĸֳĪҪ̰죬Ȼл
ίǣֺǱ𣬲Ƿȥ
޵ʥĸ԰վסҲ꣬Ƥ༫ãϢʮֳͬһ㣬ʣأ
񣺡ӣء
޵ʥĸһЦ˵˻ӣʥĸģűϵΪ̫ˣҹ㡣
ͷʣѰҺ£
޵ʥĸ˵ãżָģͻȻѰˣһȿɲҹʡ
޵ʥĸؽιǽŲŲŷλ߹հ˹յģ޵ʥĸͻȻͣ£˵ڴ˵ס
صסԭأָֻŨԼԼ־в֮߳Ǳɸ޷
ҡǰںҲ
ֻ˵ˣѹѰ
һȻ˵ԭͨ


56 
ͨЦΪǺˣ
عһ, ˵سʱԳӡ
ͨ죺·ǵģҲ
صͷͨϸü, ȴǳȥ, ǳģ
˵, ָֽһع, һǹ⳯һԳ߲˿˿ŤŤ, 
ϲǳ, ˲ǻ, ʥһ۱ܿ
ͨü׹޹ʱ᲻ע깫, ۡ
ۣͨһ˵ʯһ, ǺҰϣȴ·
˵Ҳɻи֮գ
ͨ˵ҲѰ깫, δÿÿҪǲһлִ˫ۣѰǿɸʯҲ컯
صͷǺãʽ
ͨöָһ㣬ֻ˿ڣͬѸϣ⸱ƤҲȥһ㣬˰׹֮ϲɱȵġ
ͨ췢ϣ˵޳֮ʹԤ֪£Ȼ޷
ؾЩҲ£ʣΪγģʶ㣬ɼ
ͨҡͷ˵δйֻ꣬Ǻϱս֮úϣΨһ壬ϰǵȣһճϣˡȴޣȻ컯
⸱ǡ걻֮գգ
üҼ깫Ҳ죬кرĪ鵤ҩ
ͨ콫ס˵֮й¶ȻںѰͬ˫깫ǳĿꡣ
һЦҶ˱ˣ
ͨ쿴죬˵汾ߡ
ϸһȻͨ첽ͨųֲͨ˵ʣѰк£
ͨ첻ʣǷس裿
һͷ´ġ
ͨ쿴һۣ˵㲻ɻǳ裬֮ٿж˫۶ס״ǰ޽УȻ˷ȥҲá
һ˶סǶԴ
ͨ˵˼ҵȲǵָһ˲棬ͬļһѣҵȲȥţ˶ס˱Ȼ̬ʱ׼ʱ׼ҶʱѰ㣬ȻҪ㣬ȥ裬ٸ̬ͬҲҪǣ
Ȼüͷ壬ͨˣ˵Ȼ֮¡࣬ʹҲֺΪ˸Ҷ˼Ұġ
سĬʮֲģʥһϯֻԼҪȥʹ̬ӣȻƴãҲ汸ԼǰҲ˵Ϊ˿ܲڸһ㣬ߣ槼վڼ϶Ҹɻ£ܰЩ
ϸ룬ʹȥ裬Ҳ槼ע̬ңעֻҪ޵ôܲӲ
ţһʣڴˣ
ͨսóȻע⣬Цȷʵˣ˽Ǳ㣬ȻΪһ£ֲԼ·ر־ֻ㡣
ͨ콫أؽסֻʮְˣǽǽʯǱôޱȣͨһ˵깫ɱ㣬У˸úʱô˽
صͷֺʣʽ
ͨ쿴˵ұι澳澳ڴȻһǧɽ֮
ԣͨȻͽͷĴӣԽԽǲףȫУȻ˶磡
ֿϰǵֻһ㣬ͨˣֱٿ֪ʱȻҴǵΪǣ¶ı̤˵ţ츳ߣʦͨ˻㣡
ԵӦ֮ǰ·Ҫʦ׳ͷֳֻԾӦ
ֻϲ˴ƣڱιУشң֪ͯͯȱؿɵȻ㡾ְأԱ֮
ʥϲŭɫͨţ˿ͦƤҲؼʱΪת䣿
ĸͽܶԸչģȻԼͯӲҪͽδ棬ֶؿƬ̣Ŀڣֻ̾˿˵޵ͯ㵣գ
ͨ컰һڣȻ֪ͽ֮Ե
ܹأԸƤȥʦͨԴǾܾңظյ֪ͨţ˼ǰͷ֣Ҳͽֶ֪֮ͨͷֲʥ˶׳棡
ڤڤѸ֪ԸԱλʥ˵Ƿ֮٣ҪľģɱҪ᪶ϣǽϰ˵ϸ·ɵ˵׼һ֮Ǳ³ιŨֺٵͨ׿ŵָһǴã
ͨϲ⣬ΪԵʥ֮ͽϧֻڱι߶һһ⡣
ιŨظǶͨӲ죬żǣмŲཫιݿ
ظסͨǰ˵⹬ֿĵֱԱ𡢵ֱȡԱĴţͨ⺣¿ɲݡ
صͷͨ˵ĵаʱ߶ᴫȺճݣ㵣ͯСɴ
صͷʱ޵ʥĸպδص죬ͨͨ˵ؽͯ±
޵ʥĸ׵ͷв죬ѰˣѰãȻҪͯʥ˼Ѳ£
ڣסڹ
޵ʥĸһͨǹŵ٣ڹŨ޴˲֪Ǻͷ˺ˣҪȥѰ⼸޵ҲãյˣºȥǴѰˣҲʱҲȻȥѰˣɾþҲ޽ˣʥѰˣָһ㣬Ѱţ
⻰˵ɽѽҪչŵӣĴմӣɣҲͯðɣаźҪǵͯ
Ȼ޵ʥĸҵɣҲұ¶飬ֻ͵͵أ࣬һ̸ҲǸġ
˴ӵתڹֱͨ滨ɲݣи׹ؾٲȵȣڹ޿㣬زҪסˣͨǱ
˲ţһëãնȻʶȫĿ
ز죬⻹ţһëͨˣЦгһ˫ĿȻΪ̾˴õ컯Īúǣ


57 
, ɰιݡ
⹬Ⱥ򴫴±Ҫټ±ͷһʱȥżĴմ, Ҳͨš
ι, ֻһʱ, һʱɼ˵, ǴѣֻŹ̡̫
ιŨ˵ȴʱ̣ͷʱ, ֱ֮λнǿ, ͨɵ֮
, ǽӲҪ󣬿ɲԾչ, ֻΪԴⲻͷ˿ɱȵġ
˰УΨһλʱʱ, Ǳ̰ԵɣθڼֻʱǶΨֱټʱӹ, Ƕźá
ȴˣֻսȥأ򷸻£μԵóЩ
ɸ׵סļһ˴ڹ
ֻ죬ɷƣǵһɫۣʯⲽһֻɫ˿·ʳּ˫Ŀգȴߵ̩Ȼȣֻס
ֻ˿ڣү£λɼҿɲݣƶá
˻һɻȻǲΨһᣬҪ֪Դѷؽ˽ŬѰرչأԴ˱ܽ٣Ը죬ȴԶԶι֮һã
ֻһɿڣ֣᲻㣬ţ
˴𣺡ƶأүͯרϸĩ֮£ʵţ
˴ƶɡ
ЦԭǶɣ
ɲ죺ƶţ
Աæ˵أأأĳ˵ͯȻȥѰͯ
ֻ񣺡֡
һԣǹŹŹֹ֣˵ͯιڹȻǽ߽̣Ҫ֪̫ϾǹŵǵͯҲ̫ϾѰ֮ˣ˵һĺ츳˲С˾ٲò롣
˵˽λεռ˴컯Ľգֹ۴ϢΪǳǸ֮ˣ˫Ŀʧֿͷ治ʥ˼ôˣ
˫Ȼɱǿ׳֮ԲЦǰλǷ컯λҲ¿Ѱˣսλ¿ɲݣȴǰλ컯
æڳƣҡ
˵ιԶ֮ڣȻ˵գλɼȥ
һǴϲ˵ι֮ҲǴˣַ̫ʥѹ˾ɺúС
λӦЦʱɼҹǲΰݣλֵˣ
ǵڵ֮УΪɵ
ɽǻϲлæ¶ȻԻֲݣٿƣһ֡
ຮѣǴлֻǶسл˵ʱҲ߶
ЦȻʱֶӵ
ζһۣڣֹǴơ
ߺٻڹؼϲֵļͷʳæʳ
񱾿ԸѰʳҪԡ
æĳᣬߵĳʳ£ǻæߣæ񣺡ү
ͨףʣɿǴ򷢣
صͷͨ˵ǿ֮£һȷʵҲԴѷι徻򷢣ֲö컯飬Ǵá
˵үȱ
޵ʥϸڣǿ߱ѹһУ֪룿ʥһָҪҪٶԹҲãʥһ㣬һͬʣ컯ԹԹҲɺһ˿
ʥҲҲ˥ܣԿƲصʥ컯ȻҪΪͨ쿴Щġ
ͨ쿴˵ˮߣ
ȥǴӣˮž·ʣһϾ񾵡
վˮϣͨڰϿʣΪҪڴ˵أ
ͨ첻ֻʣˮкθ֪
ˮȽǺ޸֪ͨһʣȻ⣬ָֽ⸧ֻˮһ㣬ˮǺʣָֻԶԶָһգͣ羵һƽ
ػصǧС
ͨοú˴ڤ֮أǧվ֮Ǭ̫֮ÿһʽǰǧ˵򡣡
سĬƬ̣ʣүô˵Σ
ɿ׼ɹǰֻ֪һҲӦ
ֻۣԳǶ¹ʯ·ڿͨ죬ʣүʥˣ׼
ͨȻһֻסƶ˵á
ſڣȻһֻ걻ѹʹ಻һ˿Ǽ
ͨ״æָһӽͷ
ӸߴɣֻһסرֻȻɡ
ͷͨ˵ֻͨ̾ʥϣ˴η񣬹١
ͷүҪ䡣
ͨͷʣΪò÷
˵á
ͨʧЦͷ֪ѹȻ޴󰭣ǽʵʥ˲÷䣬˵Ǹã
˵ү˵ʥϣϲշ䣬ʥľв𣿡
ͨЦͬȴǵ
عͷ˵ȵǿʥ˶үãˡ
Եɽв֪£澳й½ޣͷ꣬·һҲָ
ʥн٣ɲһꡣ
ͨͷУͷҿޣͷɼ˵̫ͨ˵һΣǵͨ첻صˣֻ£Űգ
˺ҲţҲȥͨ죬ĴӵҲԻǵֻ޵ˣǷ
һα꣬ɵżпͣǶһ׽ˡ
Ǳ˹ֹ֣·̾Ϣһһһҡͷ̲סȥ
ûǿ˫۲¹ʯֻڱιм꣬컯۷·㣬ֻʶչܹһ㣡
ˡȴԾɲۣ˵ףҲʶţ̽Ӱˡ
˼һ˫۾سһ۲ۣȴ·ܿһ
˼ȲƮƮȻǵõ˵ݣעԼʺ򣺡֡
ƽͻ
ֻ˲ͬ·׺ֻһǾ˵ǵǳѣأ֣᷽̾
ЦֻǼַ·гʣƶǷ
һʣǳüһֲ֪̾ز˸ǽ̫Ӱˣιǣð̣Ƿŭ죬ɱǷˮǳظˣСֻԶԶѣ
һʣ̬ˣ
ҡͷ̬ˣ˭أ˵׼ȥأ
üȺúðЪա
˵ǻ˱ιڵһ⣬ͨţȻչء
ȥ޵ʥĸڹй䣬ʺ򣺡ӣƶҪ£빬үչڤ룬᲻ţտһ
޵ʥĸüտǱ֣ذҵȱҪ
ض˶٣˵үָ컯ڵ꣬أλжҪѣұҪȥЩ
޵ʥĸԣҲֻ˵СıǣĪӶǷǡ
شлȥ֪ʯҪ߸߸Ȼ˰ϾҪˣǬ콣ˣ


58 
澳, ڤڤи֪ɱ
ͨ˵Ȼ
ͷʢģľŨܣȻ
ѧȷʵ, ǧǰ, Ǭһ, ˿հڶ, ǣѰǵҲЩ
׹Ƕ̱Ƕѩڻ, Գһ, ͷҩ, ͷҩһƬ̩Ȼ
, һתͷֻس׹Ƕ
ϵأλӻү, ˵Ǹؽ̴°ˣϲĻһ٣׹Ƕ˺üȦڵĺҲ, ģȻˣѹϵϴˣҲģ
˺ΪĲѹǵݽңң㡪
ǱͫȻԶԶһ⣬ѹǵأԼ֮ٳ׹Ƕƻͷǰ׹ǶǼæǵ㣬Ǽóȥӣ
ǹ⣬ѹص쳣ֻ꣬չʯҲԸУȥȻ
ִһ㿪
Ǳ˿㣬д󼱣ֻסƽԽʷȥǱƣ
Ƽȹʶ÷һ˺һպòӶеƤ⣬Ǽֱֱ˰׹Ƕȥ
ֻ¡һ죬ǼǧʯѨȻߣʯ¡¡ɽ£
ǱҲԸƤѪֻŭ𣺡£
ڽż̤˵أصӲӣɣ
ƲֻȥѰˣʯһƿһߺү֡ʯʯĺֻͣͷ󺹽Ѱҡ
ˣ
ʯƿ֮ʯӿʯɫãŭĸ۵ĻﾹһѨ
Ƽʯ£ֻ˿ǴվǴֿƿʯĵʯóǼ
ü˽ڳأ֮Զ˭Ūȣ
ʯԴŭ޵ʦ˵˼主󣡲վǶ𱨣ɷҲ
˵׹Ƕֶ˵ˣ޵䣿
ʯڲſأһۣأˣϲ˵㱻ܸˣϸ˼ǻԾü˭ʲ
˵ȱ嶯ȽѨ޺ãȥơ
ʯǶѨǸӷ꣬ǲһתֻʯ˵˵ĪմȾһ񰡣
ʯһֻա
ǰƴվסֻ磬˵˼Ȼдܲ룬Ϊ˱үƤë£үưոݣԸнȻãֲǽˣүˣ
һԣඥտƬ̣Ϊ̫
磬ǲշȥüͷ壬߸ģ
˵ѹ߸䣿
סȥ·ľѹ̹ǣͣסطȥ
ѹȴǸҲȻǷ
زǺηܣȻΪߣܽ׷ϣȴϷˣںͷε·èıʤ
Ƭ̣ת˷򣬲֪ǴǺˣǣ˱ι̶ּ˽ǲ
ͣԭأҪǺηܣ
չͣסĲˣ
شһף˵ҿںͷסһζǰˣǵ˵֣
Ц˵ᵲסתߣ᣿
ºͿڣΪߣõǴΨ˵֣תѰΨֵͣס
Ц˵ǺǴˡ
ش˸ף˵Ǵˣƶٴţǣ
ιֺڵˣڵ㣡Īߣ
˵ƶʶõ֡
˵һˣ˼˳ȥɿ
һλģ˵߸ƣ߸Ҳתˣ
˼㶨ȻǼǼգãǼᣬӻȥ
ףһǳǲסͬҲһͬ˳
յң
꣡Цǽؽ̣ѽãҲѰ˼ˣ£ȥԭ˵ò
ֻ˵Ƚ껹ңʵţ
ͨ㣬Ȼǿģ౦һմڵ޵ҲˣҲͨ͵ıյĹŵӣƬ̣ʣ㻽ʶʶ
ءʣʵֵţ
˳Ծǽؽ̣Ҳʶҿң
سĬִսۣ
۸ЦԭˣƲеˣ
˿»ؿҪǵã
λǿһﾹȻô£ֱϲһˣֲλĴܶҪսͷһ⣬ԭҵģ
ǿһһסֱֱ꣬Ѱ˳أظѹ˵ڵˣԭҪѰ鷳ס鷳ö¶ˣһҪѰˣֱȥѰãҪһңǿ²Ұˣ
أǳ¥һҡЦԭӣǸͯתͶ̥ĳԣ
˵㻹һԣǲص
Ĵսأʣڸң
سԾһﾹȻУΪλãѲɶģ
ֻǿЦ㶨ȻڿҼʶ㣬һ۱ʶ·ϧ㿴˼ʶģ
ؼֱҪۣ
ֻǿľ߸ߣ󡮰һ㽫ģ
߸һ˺󼸴󲽣סֻ籡ǬȦһֻʧЦһֱɽǱס
߸󾪣׵Ǻˣ˼Ҳˣˣûţ
ǿԴޣûţֿ£һ˫ĿȻϹ
߸Դ󾪣ĪҪڲңģ
һѽϿճ£߸ƣ˫ĿǲϹˣ
߸һϹˣҲ˲ŮǼôһϹ㰲һʯͷֻǿֻ˺󺰣ʦ̫ˣ
ֿŭģҡס㣡
߸һ˵ʦǵ㣬ô˲۸ˣȻʦͻȻָס󣬺㿴շɣ
мͷһֿϹ۵˿ǰЦһæǬԪɽȥѰ̫ˣ
ԶԶںͷĪܣ߸㽹ǹЦ
ŶӴЦֱָס߸ȥķ򣬱Ц˵ɵСӣڶ﷭˶ٸͷɵ
һ˵Ǹޣڲ죿
治ɫ˵Ȼ죡ȥǬԪɽˣһ⣡ιĪ⣡ڵУҪǶˣҽҪÿ
߸ͷææǬԪɽȥ̫ˣǴʦңһ˿źҪɱͽܣ
̫˼æ߸סͷһһ˿񱼶
̫óⲻ֪ĵˣǵԽԽȻܿò
ǵһɫڵۣ̫˶һʱʧɫ
ϵɣǿǿ
ǿ񱼶ڣкᣬʱֻͷһšð̣
ֻͷǱͽܽסۣίͽڳСĽǵ˵µ˫ۡϹˣ


59 
̫˱׷ɱ߸ĵǿ, ͷĿѣͽ˵ŪϹ˿µ˫ۣǲһ᲻ȥ
߸ںͷץסʦĵֻۣʦҡҡλΣ·Ҫ, һʱ˼, ּǵ̱ǵǰ, ʦ޷Ӧ, һʱ󼱣
߸ǿڷⶴǰֻʦɿĵ֮䣬Դ׵ʦ̫ڴ, 㾹Ұ
ɫһ, ֻƵŷ, ̫ˡ
̫˼ȣһֻȥ񣺡ССǬԪɽ
߸ʦ̬, ò
᣺С£˵ʦ㣬ұѰ㽲
̫˼, ģ汯ݣ䲻λ˵еĴܺʱ˵£һͷۻֻ, ̲ܽϣȻúýѵ߸£
߸ʦԣѰģʦȻҪѵίʦۺͷᣬ޴󣬲޵ͷһؽһģ
߸ĿɿڴᶼֹסˣǺʦȻţ
ֻ̫ɫΣС˵ƶţЩֵںηƶ
ɫȻһգңңһءӴλҪΪۣ
̫˵ǡֶ֡æƣҡ
̫˼Ͽշһ㣬âһޣǿ£
ˣһλˣҪ߸ŪϹ˫ۣ
ϸǵ˫ĿһԳһ¹ʯ
һ⣬ǼϹģ˫Ŀȥ¹ʯ棬¹ʯȻĥ꣬ȻϹòֹһգλʮֹŹ֣֮ͨƲŹԵɣ
ʱˣͽ׿ڳŪϹ˿ǵµ˫ۣп಻ԣ޷κۣ˻ǹŹ֣۱ǰ׹ҲǲĿһͣ
һۿֻ˵֣ɱ䣬ʴ˼Ӧ٣ƽ֮ڴУ߸Ϊˣ߸һǣĪҪΪѣ
ɲһףֻһۣ˵㵽λǲΣ
˵⻰Ȼųѹ߸÷̫ɫֻ࣬ʵصƶš
δ˵꣬ɫ˵ͱ䣬ŭŻ˵󻰣òǵû˫ĿƲεȿϧ⣿
̫˴ʧɫƷŭȴ˿Գŭɫֻ˵֣ͽбŪϹ˫ۣǿȥԭʼǶҪ˵ҴұǺԹԣ
Ӵ~βָڶ˫Ŀ߸ͽѧ򲻹˵ȥѰʦǺô£
̫ɫǺ죬ֻ˹ڣҲҪΪ㣬˵㷨ڶ࣬ˣˣ
̫ѪȻ޿ɱ⣬˭ùֻҧ˵֣һǡ
Ҫ̫˻δ˵꣬ͽϣֻЦǺ˵ҪǾ֣
̫ɫףһԣҲ˲ֻʵ֣Ϊңҷ˺£컯˵͸ѲҪΪѹңҵȲСɣ
ֻ֣˵ĪҪҿôҲǸȵӣĻ㣿
̫üǵ˵Ҫ֣
һЦ˵£ΪأΪ㲻£ʤˣҪ֣˵Σ
̫ϸأҲǲ֪ߵּͣϢ˵̻񣬵Ϊ²˫Ŀʧ˵£
̫ʣǰأ
ЦһǰˣȻȥѲ㻹ҪǬԪɽ̫
̫Ǳµɫ࣬شܺùֻסأ˵ֵۣ
˵Ц
شǰѵ˿ǽ껹Ҫ̫˱ԣУ̫ˣֻóƣʣˣ
ֻ̫һسʣҲʣ˻̽Ƭ̣ýһ̣
һ̣˰˳Ϊһɱ˲ɣغýһ̫˾Ǳ˺
̫˴󾪣ڲСˣǽǰ꣬ƽƽ棬ܵסΪأ̲֪ǳֻó汾Ӧԣ
߸һԶסսֻ㣬ʦǱĵһһ͸ѹƵòܴϢΪǿʦǴԱλϹ۵أҲȻʦò£
ҲһֺǺס۵²ЦǺǵĺ̫ˣ£ĪҪȥඣ
̫˴ͷ󺹣سǧ򻯣ÿһϡڽУȴǱǧﻹأ
̫ԽԽˣҪδ쳾ǰȻ꣬˵Ǻͷ
ֿͽ߸һԹսʦҪǰһϹϣ׷˷ҪԺչܽͽˣ
ֻ̫óһ֣شһҪƶۣ
۶סǾ֣һɫȣֻսȴ
ؼǾһǵضһХ׹죬һǽڵϣ
ۼǾεسؽȫϢȻ򿪣ֻͽȥã
ޱҪ̫Ҳһļ尾һСˣȻҪſϰݣֻҪÿЩ
ǿȻδɨ⣬һסǾֻ֣һаֻˡһǾȻͷѡһڵϣ޹⣡
ؽǾּ𣬶Цãȴ˲ң
̫˼ס֣ɫ
žžžЦǺǹƹ޵ס֣ˣ
̫ɫãֻ˵֣
һ˵Ҫʳԣĩ˵սˣɱˣȻҪãο㻹ŵƣͽ߸ڿ㣬ĪҪ̻
̫תͷһ߸˫ﾡǾ֡
ֻͷˣͽǿյǵȻտҲֻһϢǲ֪ȥ˺η
ˣһƽ£һףס
ǽǽҲǷġ
Ц꣬Ūģ˸
ƶ̫ˡ
˵㻹㲻⽣ȻָʱնȻطŹâ˵񽣣дֲѪα˿أѱǣ㾹ټ
˵ΪҶܸ
ҡͷʧЦ뿪ڣ˫ĿһУצһʯһ죬ѹһ
ڵϹ˼Ȧֻ໴Уˣ
һһϲģ
ϲغһ˽ػʣӴޣø磡һΪ㱻ܳˣˣ
ϲһصĨᣬһɪɪǿ˵ϲСѹܲס
ϲͷϲܲס
ЦǺѹϲȤ㾾һ裬ʣĹһ͵
ϲʮĿֻİצӣڶԷǴܣֻСҰظģ
ʣ㲻Ŀ
ϲǳ鴤˿һۣ˵ֲʶ㣬ʶ˲ܿҪôб𣬲ʶǲɿģ
ŶЦͷһǺ⣡ǰ׻ˣ˵С
ϲɫϲлǧ꣬Ҳ
ͷ
ϲбǿһֻۣܷ·ЩǺúŪ§סۣס˵槼ˣ㻹ҪҪȥ裿Ӳһȥ


60 
ü, һЦǺǵĿϲģʱ
ϲ˵槼㣬Լڽҹʱ
˵һȥںͷ㣬Σ
ϲĶס, ҿ, ʣ˵˽ôľͲˣǲΪ, ͿϲССһ, Ҷȥˣϲ˵˵űӵɶֲȤҪң
ذЦΪˣֻһԶסǹǣȻգϲĪ£
һߺǺһ, ˵, Ȱһ, ڹͷزסС
ϲͣǾǣ
ʣ˵
ۿ˵˶ס, ǽؽ̣ȥ裬ȻҪ¶, ʱȻӦ
üΪȻǣ̫Ҳٻ£ٿӦգ
˸ӣҪȥ
ҡͷЦ̫˲Ǹɰ, ΪΣĩۣԳһ˫ػ˫סϲģŮ֮δҶһã
һ˫¹ʯסãǴܣĻͷһΣ
Ƶãǰ⸽·˱ϢˣѰҲѰţ֮ʱ⿴Ϸ򷢣ˣȽؽڶ
һҲ˵л֮˲ȻҪԭǣΪ˶Һ˴֣
ǻޱҡͷֻ˵Դѷﻹкδ˺䶯Īǿˣúв
йͷŴೡϷò׳ȻҪúˣˣģιСϲģĶ࣬˵˵к
ϲ̽Źȥ˿ۣ˵ǰ
ǰյǰô˿
ϲĿڣ磬ϲĶǰǰظãӣͯŮߣ빬
ԴϲǴͯŮã֮Ǻ
ϲյŶЦң
ЦǺǽƤһ˵Ц㣬ңϲĶͯŮúã˽ٹˣ
ϲĴŭ󿪣ԴСЦһƤҲŲ죬аظڣֵ㣿
һƬ̣ʣϲĶ˵ƣ˵Σ
Ƭ̣˼ǰҲ˵Ҫȥ裬ʵڷĲµֻסϲģ˵ϲģҵġ
ϲ¶һЦø磬ﲻģ
=============================
ҹʮ֣ɫʢ
ҹʮԲԲһֻ֣ǧӳɫԶԶһ͸顣
̴ľӹĶ죬һһ뵽գ·񷻽顣
ƣ̴һһ
Ļû૳Ǿ壬һ㣬뷲䣿
Ժǵãཻã槼Ȼģ
Ŷ˵ġ
ˣ槼ĺĹݣ
һֻз·һӰݣֻɴӭƮ裬۹磬ժ¥ӨӨƻԼԼӳˣ˱ֱͦ˿ڣǾӽ䣬żϣһ䣬·զ
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һֻͷϹݣһڹͷ­£ժ¥ϵƻأħ
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վ˫ĿǲֻסȻһ૿ڣء
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Ǻ껯ΪΣֻ˵СǽסȻҪ£ˣ㲻ã񳯸Ҫ


61 
һ, æʣ˵
槼ؼˣֽ󲼵ʵЩ
ͨڣ˺Ūʶ֮Чʥ½Բ͵
槼ʣ˽ժ¥, в
΢, ˵·￴, ڳ衣
槼æ˵ǣСÿսսսҲǺη, Ҳ֣·Ǿֻöסߣʥʹ, Ҳգ
, ̫ʦǻ˳裿
˵ϻ, 裬±ȥ᪡
ʣ񳯳, 
һֻۣ˵²ע⣬ֻŻ̫ƽ, 췴ǹԾ
⼸궨Ȼûججɨ槼ʣʱǲ, Ĳ͵
槼ίʱ裬˯ҲҴţ
͵
槼
ۣü飬æ˵ʱǣСȻͷѪ
槼˵ԣһϣؼӲȥ槼һۣ˵ʱ槼槼ͷѪӦȻڣֻΪ˻Ʈ벻˵ظҲ뷨Уȴ޹෬̽ǽժ¥ڣ֪ΪҪɱСССúܣﻹҽ
˵槼߷ߵ˿
һۣ槼ҲʶȤ죬ֻ˵СȻ御ߺ󣬴壬С߶ɫס˰֣
Զԣʣ߶ɫ趢סǴܣкζ
槼üɻ˵˷ħ֮˵ǴܸǸӰգС˴˱ǴܷǷЩ槼أ˵Ȼˣ槼ʱ߶ԻһǴע⣬ҲЩ
ŭ»Ҫһ񻹻󣡡
槼ַۣҲֻüʣ裬Ļ£
槼ɫã˵費֪ĶѰ컯ΪǣȻС֮ϣЮȻ˘ɣСźСԼԼãסģҿҲ¶ˣˡ
˵
槼ˣ槼ϲ˭ãȴˣЦǴϲ
ʣϲأ
槼Цˣţ񲻴пա
س˼Ƭ̣˵Ȼȥֻϲģȿƣ
槼ɹ
һԳʣؿԣ
תͷ۽΢˫¹ʯԳһ˿ºֻ֮ͣ̾ˣشǰֻŴ֣δ룬ڼΪȴҴ
ֻסЦһ˵˵˻ǰͬȻǽԸˣ
һ૿ڣ¹󣬰رǻȥɵ˰գ
˼ȣṇ̀ؿƼ׷Ǿƣһհ׷Բԣһ߿ݹǡ
Ƕղüͷ壬һ۱ȸɣֻʣ̫ʦʱ
ȸ̾ԼҪ߰գߺȻ˿˵ˣ
ֻꡯһ˵Īλ޷
ȸֻҡͷ˵˵λȻٴϲġ
÷ŭһ֮
˵ҹ£ժ¥ɣ˵Ůһá
÷޵֮ԲȻ槼ԭΪǸʶȤģԡλߺȫȻ޷죬Ƕƴӣ
ȸֻ̾һ˵᪳ɻҲжֻδЩ
ȸɻδ䣬ּ̫պԴ죬Ⱥһ֣ͬ
һæ̣кϲ£Դ죿
̵״µϲѣȺ֣
÷һֻתߣ
ԳɲɣɽɽǰǳҺ󣬱̤һ޽࣬ï־һȷʵԺó
أ³мɻӰʵɽҲǲҲôķҪ˵أ
ˣǱĽҲϲѲɱ槼ǿˣ·Ҫһ㣡
˵Զ﷭飬׼룬ǲòȥġ
Եգ΢棬ˬ
ֻӹ̴ľãɪýԷţӭչ˧̴ӽ뻮һǺòɣ
Цƣ
Ⱥæٱֺ﹧άֻЦµϲģʮֳ֮żãΪϲ
ȺæϲﲻϣãгЦʣϲòɣּǴɽˣ
ȺԾΨִϲŭ޳ֻסֻЦȻˣϲ޵֮ˣ˫ɹδˣԣͷʤߴͱ𡢴ϲΪδƣ
ȺԻȻǮƱͷﳣδƣ֮ԼգǼ٣һ˵ȻҪϣߣ˽Ƕϲĺ棬ȻҪ
Ǻεˣһת䣿ռ˫Ŀ·͸࣬üɷڣȻϻؼʱǻججٲͬ
ｫͷ­£ֻ̧һλɵϲв첻ѣ
λεƣ·һ̥Ҳһ壬˵òôɣǴնòȻɲҪӦԸ
˼޳ֻλϲһ˫ɨ˹ʣʱʱᣬ£
ƻֻ̿صֻǼһλˣǶ࿴ۣ¡
Ц
ƾǣɱλġ
סЦ⣬̾һֻʣ󳼡Ƕˣ
ƴԳ
Գ֮УȺʳҳϲﵽ
Ϣףֻ̧һ飬һرӰϲһ°׵ۣ޳ǲŹװ˽̾£ø໨
Ⱥסˣֻ˳ԣתһ˫д󳼽Ǿ
λϲϲġʮֲ䣬òһմϡϲġּ֣һƮƮò߸ϰ޷ʿ쳾Ҳʳ˼̻𣬹ͬϸ㣬զһƺð
ٹ˫ۣ˵㣬볣˲ͬһͨ͸ǳֻһɨ˾ŻǽǱ͸Ѳ˵ܹδ
ȻȺΪòҲΪ˫ۡŮλȥƣ
Ⱥֻ͵͵ϲģ̥ʳ˼ؽУֻԿ
ͷŭصУֻγһľնϡй
ɱæʣ˺£ߣܳ
նһʣŭ˺Ϊϲģоŷƣ
ɱ󾪣ˣ֮ˣĪã
ߺ£ɵ깫ɱ·ǡʬ޴棡ǣѰ˸ŮˣԽ˵ԽŭŴ谮ô˺ǶղȻŪ˷̬ͬߣҪǵ飬ȻҪð̣
ɱڷ⸸һһͣҪһҪҵȼס£ҵȺγ֪ͣǶŸλˣ⸸һʢأҵ볯ɽȴε
̾統ܱڣ·᪣ҵعأҲùڴˣ


62 
ͷ, һ˧ۣһأǿкβף
üڿҵȡ
Ц˽ڿûǳģһĿɿڴ
ҡͷǳ
ʣҿڳ, Ϣͬ, Ƿ˺£
˵Ӧŵְ, Ҳ, ǽ꣬Ӿˡ
һæʣλģк£
˵С£᲻
ü, ˵ҹ۳, ģȻ, ҪסҼȻȻҪõ깫Ѱ֮Ϊͷ˵, עǵСˣж˵˽˴ԣҪ, ҪסɱǴ̿ͣĻ壡
ͷס, ˵˵·𽻴°㣬ΪΣ
ؿס´нᣬ´ǹƣұùҶǣӣȻдܿסҲҶұҪǴĿ
̾һգҪ˰գ
Ц֮ĪȻ᪣ھУȻҪӣ
Ƭ̣˵ҷģأ˷ķᣬܸ㣿
ԿȺۣǹӢؽݸסʣ˵Ҫʵͷ
˵ͷﶨʡ
סȻдܿ̽ȴİϲģ˴ܱȻ֮﷭ҲȻŮǾҲǷħ£ŲܾɣǾŵźãҲóɾ̴᪷壬ɲɣػ⡮塯˹Ѱͷ
ˣǴҪսռعͥΪһҪ˼䣿⡮ûˣҪ˳
ԱѰˡ
ͷԣʱʱעʶ̬Ҳǹһ¹£δң¹һֻһٳֱֱ¹ʺǼǴ¹˦ʮ࣬Ǽͷϣֹס
ֻǱһҡΣǱҶأ
˭
ؾѶסǰֻһһƥ룬һرֱ
ī磬磬ǰȻֹͣ
ðУöָһ㣬ƽֻһϲ̫ʦʱس裬¾ǲã
īݣֳһŻأոϻس裬ŴԳͷ
˵ǳһֻۣ۽ʣλϲ
˵ǣ
ֻ񣺡̫ʦ
Цһ˵˫ʮأܹδ˴εͷ߱ܵһۣ
Ц̫ʦԡ
䶢һֻۣ˵ĩԶԣ˴ңǱʤ˴ĩǵͷη˫ϲ
̫ʦһȻīȥˡ
ֻ˵ʿµòͷˡ
ϣզȺ飬̫ʦһҰͷʤ
ַϣȺֻ̫ʦɱڶסλϲ¶ơ
ط·ȫȻֻЦ檱Ϊ޵֮ˣҵôأں󹬣մ˼̻𸻹в󸣣мմԣǴΪϲͷϲܳȻ˷ʵλ׽Զֲ֣Ļ˼ǳ磡
ȺĿɿڴλһ仰Ҳδ˵ʱһڣһһ£һһǴȻû˵·ˣϲĲǸͷˣ
Ⱥֹ۴ֻ˿˵ֻλʣλˣ֣֮˴ذ֮ģ
ǣȻ亹ذɽϳѪ죬ʬҲڶ࣬ΪججպĴ磬ԡԡֻڳˣ
ٶסʣͷ΢˵ˣ
Ц˵̫ʦĪ޵ҳĻ£ҲȻҪΪ룬̫ʦй´󳼣Ӯͷ檴ηΪ̫ʦδǳ֮
һֻ˵ϲ㿴̫ʦȥգ
һΪҪһȥýҴ⡮á棬ȴǷϲĵ
ֻڣҪ볯֣ǹ֮ɵ
Ⱥһ˻٣Ҳһɸм飬ֻգһȥʡ
ʣ٣̫ʦ
ٵʲãѰһʣһƨ£ʣ޵ٲţҲ޵ںδ޵
Ц檲ţ޵
Цһô޵εȹ⾰
һ˫¹ʯס٣ȴ˹ڣɹι鹬˾ǲͬ
һʣĲͬ
Ц̫ʦͬ檺ľ˵һ㣬ͬԴȴַ֧ǧ˵ͬͬ˵ͬǲ̫ͬʦᣡ
һۿ罥˼䱣ȴҲ˵ǵһ㣬ֳ֮ͬͬ
ٿסʣ˵ɹδĩδ
ضãǣ̫ʦ֡
پվʣ֪
Цϵýʥĸ
ɷǣһ񣺡ѣʦɺã
˵Ǳչرܽ١ضס˵̫ʦ˼䣬Ϊؽ̣λĪ£ɰ㣡
һءꡯһ˵̫ʦɸ֪ˣڿȣ
üͷ壬ʣʱ˸ӣࣿҽؽ£
ҡͷ̫ʦܸʣ·⣬Ӿ࣬Ҫƺãȥ˵ڿסɽ
ٵͷ˵Щϸĩ֮£һʱҲ̸ó졣
볯ѾƹȻѰ̸ЦǹЦ̫ʦѰ´
ٰݵʥ
ֺú˵һ߽ԣ˹ɱƷɻþסǴ̿ͣ潫䴦ԼԼ³Ļ
գ糯ֻһ£أ
ȺǾֻϲ治һ㣬·Ҫ£
ֻ̾񣬹ĽķңĴʾΪй³ߣֻýնɱ˼ãϲһʱɱΣĻңŶȹȥԹɱˣһֱԥԣǷִ̿ͣҳҲȫ룬Ƕȹȥ²ŷģ
Ǵ޸мֻ˵ȴŻȥɺӣң޶ֻͣ
Żطأɺӡ
˴ţۣҲȫǣűߣӲؿǰ´˺֣ӣ
ڳˣԴŴ򿪣·ӭλɴֱ֮ͣˣĿɿڴ
ͨŴ󲿶ӹȥǧлֻԸС֮Ķ˾֮Ϸȥ᪴񣡷ķһ᪱
ҲɵӣҲƼ᪶ģ
ˣڰϿ֣ʣι⾰
Цͨ졣
ش˴ľм˵£רĶԸ᪰գ
ʱ޹⣬һסϢ
˯ҲȥֻԼαһǿųȥ
ԶԶƼɹһӰȥɭɭճʶһȻ裡
һæס
~
޹⣬ǼžԾΧǽɹݶǷסèͫһһ΢⡣
лҪ˵̫Ͻģνԣν¡ɱΪ¡һֱͬ
Ǽ鳼ɱģĵΪϡʱɱˣǲѣҲΪɱ˴ĳɱСɱͲɱ
ɱ֮еɵ塣
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63 
ؼҹ, Ծֻרעǰ˿úͷ˸ס
ֻһۡǰͣ£һԾ˽ȥ
ֻһһãͷΪ, һ, ˾Ǿ࣡
Źصʵʵ, ˫, ͷȻ˲ȴ¶ֹǾ࣬⼸겻֪Ǻ컯, Ȼǵõ, ˵ǳ, ƱƣڣȻã
ֻðԹ۲, Ƭ̺ͷԾȥ
˴ȴɹȥ, ǳ˳裬ǽ뱼ߣ
ϸ裬ǹãǹ, ֪ΪΣͷ⣡
ǽȻǰǧɲùһտ޵õġ
ڹУһ֮ʱرǲ貢ʡ֮ƣǲ
ôŮҪζǣȻٿ£ɱ
ߵôҴңļһǰͷȻһ˺
ˣֻǲŲæףҹˣ֪кιɣ
΢Уڣ侲ŮȻҪкιɣ·ϣ
ƽ֪𷣣
Цһ˵Ȼ֪Ҫɣ
һȻ̧ףֻһ磬ֱֱ˿Ҳܶ㿪Ǳǽһ̴
ֻǽ·һճջؽƣͷһֻͷſŴϹֻڣΪҪɱ裿
˦ЦҲɲɱ㱾һŮΪβתͶ̥֪ɾ
˵ҺγͶ̥أһ׮һ׮Ȼ޷Ʋ壬ҲǲԹǣδ֮У
һ˵˵Ļұ㡣
Ĭ
ʱͶ̥޵Ҳ㡣
˫ĿĬƬ̣·ҡڣصȴϢĺһһȻͷվ˸ˡ
ٿ裬ֻһعѲ֪ȥ˺η
ˣֻоѹ̹ǣ˫ĿͷϤʱעͷĴܣ
ؽֻһףʵɺţ
˳Ĭޱȱ䣬ʢģҲ·Ҫ
ֻһۣ߹գֿȭǲֻһ˫һ̲īղ紵ֻ䶢סء
Цϲ⼸빬һֱɺҲ
ڿڣ䣺㲻ϲġ
Цʵ˵ǣ
һϲŮȴ۲·ޣһ˲˵Ǻη
Цһ˵˲ƶ޵ŮʹȻҪЩģѲɴ˵ȲǵҪĲҪƶˣʵѣҪƶεȲƶǳᣬָ㣡
˱ܵԳһ˿ŭɫغȵ󵨣˵޵
ʧЦѲҲ޵ŭһʥ֮һ˵˵˼ٻܷΣ
һȻ˫ְ𣬳ֿȭֻһצʺȵ˲д˷ˣ
˵űǳعȥ
س磬ֻ˹ɱ淭ʮȥ֣
ֻءһǽס֣Ƿʯ𻨣ǿȭ·ֱУƤ˿ƣرһ֣Ǳʮ࣡
κֻƾ޼᲻ݣ
˾̾
üԶؾǵסƣֻضסʣ˵·㲻ۣĪ᲻棡
סϢЦ֣ͬ޵ȻͬһԴ
ЦɴӲͬԴаŮ࣬ƻ
ԶԶʶʣֿǺΣ
˵·аӷ
ظƴЦ
΢ŭЦ
ЦȻЦѼʶ㣬ǧ۽磡
ŭȵǳ
סЦ⣬˵ѵǱȹѲɣ˴۽磿ȵҪ壡
Իڣ˵˵
ִצһȻϢԳһ˿ңֻЦ˵ͬأȸĸ飬˭˭ң˺ΪԸ˵ҵһɣ
غסЦ⣬ֻŭһ縸ĸŮǧֳ˺۵ֵֻøĸɳҪֳ裡ȱ
ƤһϢȻӿҴܣйƽ·
ֺȵȽ˵ӵȻ᪲ҳӣҪ˳ӦͥɿսʹλɵҪ׸١ɱҳղſϰݣǷ񣡣
Ի·ȫңӡ裬ɱҳգƳ֣ҲǳǱ֮ˣʵǱȻգ
ŭ𣺡ĪҪԻ
·ΪӦģƽͣз·ҪֻѹƵýڽڰˣ
ؼӦԣȴǴЦΪ²ݵԻ󣡣ҪǶݹǵõˣһһαӣ
ֻؽһ޼᲻ݵ壬ǱһѪ
ȻϢӿңһ˿Ѫ
ȴסŭ⣬ָԭǰ䣬ֻͷ͵סóֻ˫Ŀһͫӳģ˫ֻ˵֣
һڣֻѹǵضɱ̹ǣӿޱȣĵãȫȫǣýһֻǽһ󣬲գһԾǧ࣡
ͷ䶢סأκһֿȭֻգһԾ׼һıǽ
ͨڣǴ޽Ҳúһ󣬲˾Ѫ⣬ǿӲƿ
رش£׹ڵأֻҳһӣæ𣬻ֻһ˦㽫ڵأ
ֻ޼᲻ݵֱֱ֣ǵĵѪ⣬ڳ࣡
꼸ӿаӿǼ񷢶ֻ˿̾ˡ
˽óͫʱҪͷأŭ𣬾Хǵسȥ
εأæһ㣬ȥ
ǻӿǻһֻüͷ壬ز֪ʱȻӵӰ١
һǰȵ˭
ֻһ˴һɫۣԶҿЦǺǴȻӿඣ
üΪڴˣ
Ƶи˼òǲסᣬף·Ϣ޿Ȼͣ٣סƼǿֻ࣬ͫ󡪡
ɱ˵
˵ͷ࣬˵ֻڳࡣ
ػһУɫȣ佫ס˵ǿɲɣѰ£ȻɱˣҪǳ


64 
ػæӴ, ֻסؿʹ಻
˵ܸ֪ʹ˵̫ԵֻڳǴ꣬ôؽѹ, ˲ڳ, һʱ, Ҫǲſϰݣ
˵һС, 걻ǵѹڰǽ߶֣þ, Ȼ̨֪, , ־ںͷ׷ɱֻƴߡ
Ȼģмǰ·վһˡ
Ŭһ, ˣʹະүң
ͨڤأȴ˽˱ι, ȥ˳裬вãѰ
ֳһɷӱι, ԶԶػæӴܣȣһֻ̨Ȼ
ͨ󾪣Ҳ˲֣æ§סһɽȥ
ˣͨüͷ壬ڵϡ
΢΢ſڣȻǻǼҪӳ
̨ͨһ㣬ǣָһһػ硣
ͨüͷ壬౻ȥȻŭȵ
ͨػǽλʮɵѹζˣͨһ̣ҪɥȪ
ͨȻð亹ԼԼӳݣ΢Ƕ¹ʯ޹⣬ǱһֿѪɼ
ʥ䷨ޱߣͨʱ˸ɷޣֻ÷ֻԺЩرιԱپȡ
ͨ̾˿˵ǰ˵ȴᣬô
ͨ컰ϣֻ˿ɼұԴ֧֮صںЩ
ֻǶ¹ʯɣϢ΢ֻƼͨ콫ס谵Ψһػɼͨڻ֮ɫ͸ʯԼɼֻŷ·
ز𻰣ͨüͷ˼֣ԳһĨŭɫȻ飬Ҫأؽ̫
սۣ˫ۣѳڣүĪʱ
ͨһƤһʱ谵ɽţ·𿴲Уڤڤ̽һ˿סۣȥǶһ˫ĿһУǰһ˭
ʥһȣʹһɷҲҪɪɪǰ֮˻ֳ̿ԼԼӳΡ
ֻЯһߣֻ׳ݣڳƣݼ
Ϥһ˾ȻǷ⸸ɣ
ͨƳˣȻЩӡʣڴˣ
ɽŴūʦڷ⸸޵ڷ䣬Ӳ£ǰЩӣдŪȱȥ鿴
ͨʣˣ
˵һǿһ˲Ǻˣ׷סҲսֻСԹۣǵȴһҪ꼰ɱˣǿҹȥǵҲ뿪⸽ˣȱѰ˸ɽ˸úˡ
ͨʣĵˣк
ҡͷǵҲòͨȴһ߲⣬һ֦⣬ȵǳδ
һ˵׼ˣ
ɼأʱ󾪣
ҽͨ죬һۣڵأ΢ǵ۸סذԼԼǱϢ΢ɵڵأͨеӿ
Ҳ󾪣ǿأҲ֪ǺԵʣȻŮ࣡
ں쳾з꣬淨ãΣ˼ص֮ȻǷǡ
̽ź
ػصӡ
ͨƳɣʣڴˣҲڴΪˣֻһɷޣѪ㣬
Ƴһʦ֣ķ죬ֻ֧֧ã̽ڣ֪˫֮
ɴ۾סʦãֻʦ΢΢·Դ˷ܣȻֹڣֻ󣺡˷˸ͬ໥㣬Ϊһǧһãǲһޱ˷޵˴ҩ֮
ĿɿڴȻɶҲɶȻû뵽˴󵨣Ȼס潲
Ƴһͨ죬ֻɫ΢¡
ͨȫ˵һʥˣҲδ˵˷һǲף޵ǴɣΪȻҲԼ˻࣬ǳ࣬ԴգԴֻ֮һ˽Ժϡּģ·ʮֲף˷дá
ʥ˸½֪ͨ첻ô˷Ҳǲֻƽ˵˷ȡ
ʧ̾ʦãֻ˵˼ϣȥգ
ɡȥֻءͨˡ
ֶͨ˿Ȼǿ֧š
ͨ˽ɷȻ˥ֻɫ԰ף˵̫ݣرιˣɱ֮ʱ޷㣬֧š
صͷлү
ͨסأɱرιιԶ澳ʱȻʼС
ͨ콵ιĵļĴմӽڣ
ĴӼбסһˣ౻ڳ밧УȻ˿
˽ϵأҲ˺εȶ֣˳ּд񣬽ɷɫ԰ףýȻ˷
˵Ĵӽڣ϶£౦Ƭ̣˵ԭʼˣʦڹ·Ҫ£
౦˵ֻ꣬ƼԼҽһӰ
ͨڹˣǱ彫˽סɷֹڱ塣
ʥ˱ֻطʯϣ̨һ㣬Ǳסǡ
ͨ죬ƼԪʼһ
ͨרעˣֻŴ𻰣Ƽ֣£סͨƬ̺
Ԫʼ¶ãʣʥˣȻȥ׷ɱ깫
ͨĬԪʼ˵ˣţǰЩͽ̫ҿ˵Ǳ˷
ͨɲԪʼȥھˣһǴ󾪣
Ԫʼͨ࣬ͨ죡ȻȱϢȫޣ׹кã
ԪʼٶһػǾȫ˳⸱ǹ̨Ǵ󾪣סͨ죬㾹ס˻ǣ棬ʥˣȻԷͨ죡ִɷ䣡
ͨ콫ಹȫֻЦһ˵úã˱㲻ˣˣǰͣ
Ԫʼס˵ǩǷҽڣ߳ɣ߳Ҳͬ⣡
ͨЦĪҪ£
أ֣ͨüȻȾŭɫ̴˵㣬ˣߣɳ񣬿ߣ裬ʱ˻ɢ޵ףֿ֪
Ԫʼ˽̾ëУҴǰ˵㣬ҽ̣أн࣬·˽ԿɳɵĴҲǲúεȸԴҰԴѷḶ̌иԴɱҪռԴ̹ѪĴܶȻҪ˥䣡ʱغ֧ţ㾹ԹӲ֪
ͨ첵²̹ſأȣȳʥкβһȴǲ
Ԫʼͨһۣ̾һͨ죬㿴εģȻ䣡
ͨ챧ؿԪʼһۣЦ˵ҺҲԸ˹̳ģһòȻǺ˴䣬㲻ɹǶ֣㵱ùǬһգճʥģϲŭֽУǺ쳾ʥˣ
ͨ˵˻ûӰԪʼվڱι̣ת߸߹Ǭһ̬һԳʥݡ
һ
ͨ콫طǬ̫֮УˮһһƬֹ̺ƽ
վڰϣԶԶһ¹ʯڿãĳ˵Ķԣ䣬÷


65 
Ǭ̫һɱһ, ιŨ˴á
Դͨԭʼһִض̸սţȻؽͨķ, ˱չؽ, ҲӲЩ
⹬һ, ޵ʥĸʥĸڹڻ, ˴˸ʺãʣλӷ·гɫ
޵ʥĸһʣȻˣ
Цү
޵ʥĸʣԺүǽչ, ȼǴ˵ò, Ҳ츳, Ҳ˭˺
˵
ʥĸһ, ʣһǰӻذ˾̫ʦ˽գսģ
ҡͷֻѪ⣬ֻƤë, ԵҴ򶷼ˣ˿ӣҶȻҪ, ˣ
޵ʥĸüҲǽմ£ʥ˲֣ȻȻ̫Ͼ棬ǽ֣Ȼˣﻹݵӻذ˾
ʥĸ̾һ˵˽ǴͨˣҲˣ̫ϾȻǿ̬ͽ٣ȻҪ
۽ʥĸʣ̫ʦȥˣ
ʥĸ΢˼ˮ¾ǧٽմȰ־ڳɳҲˣֻ¾ʥ޷ֹ
ʵô£Ϊβȥ
ʥĸҡͷȥΪȻҪö෽̬Ȼӷӣ˽մӣǾ룬ؽ˶ҪʱսɱѪһˣ
΢ʥĸ˵ˡ
ػڹ̨ͨĿڤ룬ؽŲ΢΢ۡ
ز˵ͨȴǿ˿ڣ̶ֻͥתǿԼмߵõ߳ٴֻأ߻ɢ±ҵҽؽ֮ˡ
ʣүǺڣؽ̷߶࣬ͥ˽֮ˣؽ̱Ȼû䡣
ͨĿҡͷҽؽ֮ˣǳ񣬵ְ𣬺˼乩޻˵ȻΪù¶ܹʵΪԶ֮
ͨۿأʣ˵Ƿ񣿡
صͷʥ
ͨʧЦʥ컯αضһ٣³ԸǷ壬Ȼбˣ˵߻ɢǲ˽ǾԸΪѣΪӣһۣ
ͨЦ˵ᣬûǲ棡ͬһԴ˽ܴ˽̻ƫƫһһбһһȣǽ̵úã
һڤڤи֪ĳסͨ죬ʣүԸΪΣ
ͨ΢һ̾ʥˣ컯ԸԸط٣õְˣȴݴ˽٣ѷ쳾ʹȴҲ޿κΡ
ͨһ̾ˣԹӦ˽٣
߹ȥסͨ죬΢΢ף˵үҷſģزǽ֮ˣȥ쳾үסүڱιޡ
ͨЦ㲻ڽ֮У
һ˵ϵǵ᪣ҲҪ᪣ҪȥǷǷ񣿡
̧һ¹ʯȻֻʥ˫Ŀס·⽫͸ֻ׿ڣү˵
ͨ쿴Ƭ̺˵ȥգῴסǡֻۣͨĪյأҲɱ㡣
һǰͨȻĿޣ۽΢ڣ׼үǰн٣ȴ㲻ѸģүԸֲܳ
һǽҲ޷Ťת
Ƭ̺ͨƤιڿտյģȻ澳ָһл̶̣ȣȻһ˿Ҳ
ȻҡͨȻʧЦ
ص˽ɣ澳᪷ȥ
ʱգ᪱ţֻ棬һɽ̱ʬۣ״̬࣬򺮶
ŽʥĸԣʥʱȻǼιħĽ᪡
زϻԶԶӪӭչУſڣһף˵ħĽͷͨһ
űشһۣƮƮȲӣħĽҲͬΪˣΪܱˣȥ
Ƭ̺ű̬ȺЩȴҲȥ
ǾӪħĽڰѾƳԻ磬ؽҲᡣ
Ҳգֻһףƶأ󣡡
ħбһϢͬΪߵֻͣǵб˵󡯣ǴЦѣֵ˿ɲŹ𷼡ֵˣ̱ʬȴ˶ˣֵʤɱ᪼նˣƵսƣ˵ϲȴҲǲͷ
ħٽסʣǽؽ̣
˵ǡ
ħЦѼȻǽؽͬţҷס£סǽУһس
ħһ¶ã˵ȴԱһ˺ĺ
һȻǳɱ
ǳɱأʱ棬û
عȥ磬øȻ֪᪣ڴˣ
ɱǧħĽȴѲ˵ˡ
ħĽǽסɴ۾ʣأλ
Ц£
ħͨ죬ΪǹͣȴȻȻһ֮£ĻҪ书
ħɤӣʵԭҽؽˣֲ£
ħҲʵѱ깫ɱȻǻţ
ЦɱһԵһۣħĽվסæ
ƫͷħټֻһʣλտս£
ħ񺣴Цһֳ˰̣᪻˽ǲһһϧӢʣǻһҧȥͷӱȻ˷Ƕ³һֽһƿ
йսƣҵȥսֻ޵ݣ
ЦλǺܡ
ħĽͣϲЦտضסǻʣǿɰܷһۣ
ֻǻצ΢ħټϣֻסء
ħЦ֪⻨òɰȴײУռʳˣδȥ֮ԲرˣȻʳ
ʧЦǳǿµͷһ㣬ֻ˵˵˻ȴԣᵹҪƣ
ϣرȥ׽ǳɱһԾˣ
ħҲʶһسַ·γӰָһУǼסǻĺ󾱣һǽڻ
ǻĵĲ˳סؽëḧֻħЦƣɹأ
˽Ŀɿڴ⻨εѪỴ̄˽ǾսһȴԳ
غסǻסͷ˫˳ë·ϲ
ֻЦȶǹɿɰһ᲻÷֣ħٽԸƶһƶ§ס˯
ħĽǱŹ֣ħٵͷ§סǻСȥӪ˽Ǵվסԭ
λ˵һʲôëСŮһļϲ
رסǻƵĳħĽõӪȥָסǻ̾ȮȻҲڸɱǲɱأ
һСλĪ£ֻƤëը


66 
ؽǻӪ, С˱ϲһ󣬽ǻŽ
ؿǻЦֳԭΣꯣ
ǻԭըë, һ˫Ŀס, ǰһ, ֱ󵯻ԭء
ֻǺ׹һ, ıһ˳ӣò㣬Žԭ, ֻվס, 䶢ס, ʣꯣ
ס˵㡣
ƶ꯲ѣҲȻꯣ
Ц˿϶˵Ϊ㣿
ꯣȮȮӰ, ˿̽Ȼüסأ˵Ϊǻã㽫ס, ĲܱãĻ£
ؼ˳侲ǰʱ仯٣ΪҲȴ, һֻ˵ǱãȻǲܱá
һͷԭˣ򷨽ƣˡ
ؿЦȮȣҲڵȣȮ壬ҲֻȮʱҲá
꯶ס˵ѲҪɱꯣ·Ҫʻ
ظƣǴϻۣսµزԸ˵ֻһ£깫ӪУǼ
ػ䣬ֻͷզ
һȮ磬ⱼ룬հںڰ⡣ֱֱزҧ
һЦ㣬ƽγıǣһ㽫Ȯȥţһ̧žͽ߽
Ȯ꯼һȥơ
ֻȮſڵϰһʱȻǲܶˡ
⽫ӵ룬ɱǴˣ
ذʾ£ħĽҲ
ħһꯣ󾪣ǱһһʳôĻǻأ
Цһǻ캦ɳ޳аȴ޹һڱһ࣬˺̤ˣ
ħԴŭֻ󵶺ӣҪʬΣ
Ǵһı󷴵ħٺӻ
ƫͷº͵ĪżǵнʵѶϢٶҲ١
ħǻȻѹŭ⣬ħֻסҡҡͷգʣʱɱ
Цպ󽫾ٹ
ħյݺݵꯣŴһڽȥ
ɱһԳڣ˶ֲƱȨħĽôϲĪҪִ
磬ʣűʣڴˣҼڳġ
ɱεˣĳӶ࣬޴ڣȻζعأùĥ
Ҳóɱף˵ȻǲֹȾصģʣأ
ɱصɽظܱô˻š
簲£ָȼ˻ֻһ죬ѺƤëȼһ
ɱ⿴ʣ
˫Ŀӳǻ⣬˲Գ֮ɫƤһֻ˵Ϊⷥ᪴ȨвźãħĽȥɲУ
ɱһʣҪȨ᪣ɱأǵĪù͹󣡴˿֪³ͷһ֮£սū鳼Ҫ÷᪱ȨȨʱв˶Թʧٶֻ꣬Ҫ¶ˣǴ¼ɰ
ֻЦң˭۶ӣ¼ң
ɱֹֻʣ깫Ǵ
ס˵깫Ϊ᪼ˣɱң޹ء
ϣؽһ꯿ס˵ҿԱ㣬ȮҲܷŹ깫֮£ɷ񣿡
ü᪣ȴҲ˵Ϊ깫˼깫סأ˵̲Ѱͷˣкιῴ᪰ҵ˽ƣɱͿ̿³Ҳˣţ򼧲ӲؿǱɱ˱ԣҳ࣬ݣ
Բӡؿ˵ǵˣ᪣ѵΪôʦ彪³ıııʦ壡ıѲҪԴУɱǿЦ
꯱һ⣬˵㿴˫ۡ
Կ˫ۣ۾ȻǶ¹ʯһۣǳÿüʣ˫ģ
գգƤЦզһΪĿģȴã˿˫۱ȥ¹ʯΪ֧ţ񲻹Եʶʶ˰ˣ
һƤĺã˫ĿȻǱȥǸϹӣεȿϧֻ˵ҷ깫Ѱ˫ۣ˫ۣǱȥ
꯾Ҳǰˣ
ЦΣ˽ƣƣ㷽ųͿ̿ڶ³ǽıѲɱȻɱˣұǲţʦ彪ʦӲ˵Ҫ᪣
ͨ죬Ц˵̣ǶǴȻҪ᪶λȴҵȣеҡҷգ
꯱µ࣬һסȮһ߿أһ˫Ŀס߷·Ц꯲²͸뷨ֻʣ깫ڳȷʵʹޣȻ᪣˽˵ס˵أңȴΪΣ
ظ󣬽ס˵ģ
ꯣǻ˵ģ
Цƽн˵ģҲѰ۰ˣ㷽ҲãҪǱȨҽãȰձȻձҲСͿ̿ʱ᪲Ⱥ̸ǡ
꯲Ҳһս˵ұϿҲ޼£ʦ˵
΢ֻ˵ã깫Ȼ᪣ʦ廤ֻҪ۰ˡսֻȮͷˣЦȻҪҰգ
꯼Ȯſһ˫ǿּЦЦסսȭͷʣǰ㣬Ļر
ЦȻǷȮȥ̸᪺Ϳֵ̲̿Ļ⣡
Ƭ̣ʣҪ
´һ˵뻯Īװһȥ᪣Ѱ깫
ɣ˵˵нӦϣͬ棡
أŲǵͿ̿ôֱˣ
˵ͬ¶
ЦĶ࣬㽫ұãҲУͬȥɺɱкεǣȽǲͿֽ̿УĻԥȮǻأ
һ˿סأ˵ز飡
ЦԸ潫á
ػϣֽӹ̣ȮߡΪɱɱúÿס̬Ȼ͵͵˾Ӫ


67 
, ʼԶһ˹
Լ߰˳ߣԼнײ֮ս
᪷̹ؿڣһѪս᪴ܶ, Ƶùս, ڼӽء
ˣһ, ֻҹԳһӰ
ҡ˵
һ, ϵã˿ںڴˣ
꯿һۣʶ, ֻ̾ҷҽȥ, ʦ˵գ
ⷽ˽, Ȼ칦ǳվ񣬿꯴˷̬ȣ״á
һ, ȥͷֻݴȮϵ, Ȯ
꯻سǼʦ塣
һۣ¿򣬼꯹üʣΣ
ǰоʶ꯱֮, ҶȮȣȻ꯱ضҪնɱ
ʶƵģ֮Ȼˣ
˵λ³ˣ˺˵ãһ۱ǽʶƣ
ס⿴Ƭ̣üͷ壬ֻ˵˲Сһսƾ֮ŸȿɿʱеʶƵ϶ǸѲĶ֣ǵϣֱɱ֮󻼣
һ˵ֻüͷ壬ĿȥգٹսƣӦԡ
ȥȥȮڵϵģ
ȮƫͷסһԺӣ꯼ţ˵ԺҲ⣬ʯ̦̤ġ
Ȯƫͷꯣ·ʡ
ûرαȮꯣ꯱Ȯģκα֮޷գֻˣαȮ
꯼˵ȻۼԺﲼŴԺסһֻ˵סʦ壬һǰ꣬ʦ᪺󣬱ǽͷˣ
ⲻǴŰˣ·˼
꯼ڵϣҲ˳ЦֱԺҲ㻳ԺҲް취ԺʦֲһͶӲⲻͨΨʦƣ㿴Ҳá
˵껰عס󣬱Ǳ߱˵ҹ̫ϢգȥѰһ⣡
ǰ˼Ҫݣһ٣ͣסŲһȮȻӰˣ
أ꯽æѰңⷭһ飬ȥһ˫۾סһæ˺
ˣ˿
߸꯿ס߸ڲݶѴҹĲ˯ꡣ
߸ݣƿڣҾҸӲźãܾź̫׾ʦ˵Ҫźá
߸£̫ӳιǣǱױƵɱҶǱ̫˽סֱź˾ţս½ǲɽܡ
ǸźʱһֱʦѰ꿪˻ģʱδź˻ȻսҲݲöȣֻ꺬
˺߸·ִҪˮӣ·˻ܴ޳ɴˡ
߸һԴ۽סʣҼ·Ѱ
ҲǾᣬʼǵнڼ̽飬ǲˣ˵˳ϳϿҿң۾գһգǷԷθ̬ȺƽºͣĻڲˣ
Ҵʱҹ˾£ֲס֤ݣҲ޹
꯿˿ɫȻʱˣֻ߸˵ѰȮˣˣգҽѵ
߸Цѽʦһͬѵ
һֻۣ˵ҲϢա
߸ЦᣬʦϢպоѵȮ
ֻ߸·ӳ⣬̸ֻ
һ߸ȻѸڳӣֻԼסˡ
ңҲ޹˿ߣǻ˯ˡ
һֻҹ˾ﶼ֡
ڵϣ˯ˣšţΪѲߣǹ¸èúӡ
ǸŸ̬⹷̬άʱ㹻񶼻ϺüȦ
ս½֮λԲѣȸΪУʿ
ҹգѰȥʣסż
ֻʣƻͨצ̨ſһ϶һۣ֮Уһʵؼõľᣬءд֡

ƤһȻǼ
ֻǼ΢۲ϲֻ˵˶֣д˲֪ٴΣÿһΣǲͬ˵ǰգ
ؼ·˵ȴǲϢſڴ̨͵Ҳý϶󣬱ֻš
ȵȻǰǳС࣬úǳԴ࣬Ϊࡣ
ǼٻһᣬظдǶ֣˵ˣıѾãΪʼԿΪգˣģǸ
΢¹ʯγǼǼǾۺãϸ򣬼棬̶ȣʹվڵһҲò̾ˣ֮ò֮磬һһǼͷβ̶αʷ£ǵ֮
һۣ˹
ѵõɱˣֻǡ
ӮķӣıĶ࣬ﲻһвŤˣһָܷ츲أѪ⣬Ϊ˰ķУŻС
ؽǷ϶ϣһ̣϶֮ʱǼ֮£۽˫ֱأ̯һоȻֻѩã
ǲؿɴֱɱ˲ؿɱ˼ûгһ˵ǲؿ
ǻ˵ǽõ˲ؿ
üͷ壬£ฮȥǽУסԺϸ
ȷʵӲҪƣƿȻᷢ֡
ػǰһһͷһֻһֻ־סβͣ
һεȫβ⣬ζ⣬һʱǴ⣬Ȼסβͣ
ػͷһȻ߸
߸Цץסˣ
ֻ߸Ľ˵ᣬ˵ֵζȮζ·Ὺ
ؼ߸Ȼź޷ΪȴǴǲ֮£
צ΢뽫ѹһЦǵҲζȥοǣ
߸ϣǽ§סƤһҲֻȥֻ߸һ꣬Ժ
߸ɶʱⱾˣ
صȻã߸Ϊ˿ȥȻ޳˵У㽫ڵͨ˴Ѱ׿ˮԴ
˽ãҲסҲȥڣżҲ󴥶Լ߸ö֮ҲͲٹ
߸Ժȥ΢ֻ˸˯ȥ
ر߸§סȥһ߸ԽԽǾ
Ȼ˫ĿȻڴ˴
߸סգͣסһһĵȣ
ǵмһţֻ߸һߣιˣ˵ῪģҴֻң


68 
Ż, ֻһ۵һʯϣ
Ƥһ˹깫
깫߸вã͵Сӣûꣿ
߸ͷ, ˵кˮ, ľ˽, ϻز˵, ᲻˵ڴˣҿô
߸ײ깫ˣһ⣬깫ڲ˵ǲ˽, ̸Ӹ
깫Դ˫֮, Ǵۺ, нؽͨ׷ɱأΪ˲ֻö, ͷѡ鱦ء
ĺʦֽ˾⽫Ժ, һת˸Ӻúò
һر꣬ȴǰЩӱ߸Ѱ
߸ɱã߸ڴ˴, ʦ̫˱ȻиӦʱʮɹҪԲ˶ߡ
깫һУǹʣȮ޵֮ˣڹǼɻ䣬Բá
߸§סȮϸᣬ˵Ȯ㣬һ·Ὺ
깫ȫĻģִĹǣֶȮȮ߸סȮֻһˣȻˣ
߸ֺǺЦǿɲǣͯӣǻݣ׽
깫ܾȮЩ죬ǴʯȮǰԴȻң
߸Ȯ깫ͷвãȮţȮ깫ؿȥ
ֻȮ깫һҧҧߣǺһϣȻϳż
ԵͣӨ͸ͷȻסһۣ
깫һУЦ˵飬ˣ
߸Ҳչȥһƣ˫ۣ㡣
깫ֽǺӹҺãվ𣬸Ȯ˵˹ã顣
߸ϽȮ§ס׵ʦֵĹ飿
깫Цǹ˵·׽ҡ
߸ȮǵĲ˲ģ깫ϲƣ
߸״ֻȮһ§׵ˣҿˣȻҪ͵ʦֵȮ
߸ϱǱȮܣתͷһֻ깫վԭأ΢¶һ˿Ц⣬Ҳ׷ֻһأʯ
߸סȮϵ棬ɫȻ΢ֻڵȮʦֵĹ
Ҫȥǵˣǵ˿˵ǺãҪҲס㣬ȻҪһˣ
ת߸һаۣкЦ깫ΪԶ߸֮ϣɱܽȥ߸ܴģȥһҲ
깫ΪȻǵ֮죬Ѳйأ
ؼ깫˫ЯżΪȻʮ֮ˣ
⻹׹޺Ͱߵ㻢󣬷Ƕ֣и߸ڳʮа˾Ż䣬һҪ᪽
ǰȥɴ߸ܻͷɫȻѰݣſڶš
˲һ̣ͼ꯿ţ꯼ʵſڣǺ
ؽȥ꯵һǽ೷ȥ
ض˶ǣ꯶סʣȥĶˣĻǱ
·ЦС߸ҲСëӲ§סңҲ޷ˣһҹ
һҹ߸׿ӣȻ羾סȮֲã
ּһ۾˵Ҫô
ֻһ㣬£°׵ոһʶ죬ʣҪȥѰ깫
̾ɷһգѰѰ
̧ۼǶ¹ʯֻ˵ĪҪ¶ˡ
ЦӲ¶ˣʵǣ
սƽллأ꯴ڳйһȦ
ؼ񶼴˳ȷʵǷ٣˱ð֣ǰǻһʳˣʿƽĸпЩУؼˣ᪹̾úãǸˣ
һЩţشʱȻǹֻ̬ԭòҡøƵƵ࿴ǳס˵ҵ͵Щ̬ˣ
һ㶣ʣ㷽˭ϵңֱŲ˽ţҲ£ҲԸǹ̬ҸǲԸ
Զԣֻ˵ôҪенʶգ˴ҡˣսΪһߣ
ضסЦͶ̣
˵ʦܣ޿ܣ
ҡͷ˵֮ˣҲΪζսͿ˵к壿
꯴ǵ޵Ƿ˳ȴַˣҲЩ£һսһˣսΪսսΪж¿ֲ࣬ǵõ̤壬һ˵ܴó
ϸ鿴أѰ깫޹ǻȥ꯳ˣһٵǹһԣʣǶˣ
ҡͷҵڳˣؽʳ
ҲʹŹ֣˵ڳˣ˵ٽұȮԣ
ֵ㲻ǲԸôҪˣ
˵ҳǣȱӦգ¶ڡ
˵ǽȮֻһأ˵ҹֻڷдס
ʵʵſڵϣ꯼ʵ˵Ҳſڵϣͷ档
Աϵſס꯼һһнҹҲδ֮£Ҳŷַģ˯
ڵϴƬ̣ҹҲ˯צӰǿţȵسȥ
ҹ߸ٵǿһ꣬ǳǵصȥ
ʱ뼧̬ͣü۲켫ϸʣ࣬ˣ
ҡͷֻ̾˵߸˵գ
վǵǰצһǣűǻ
ͷ깫·ӦЦ֣ҹ׽ᣬҹ
΢߽깫깫ó꣬ϰ棬βָøɾ䣬·ϰ㣬дѪ
ұڵÿޱȣһ˶ʯ֮ϣʯǷ΢⣬ֻЦſڣƣһֻҲǼָ졣βָԳؿ˵ɱһˣȥβָϡ
ϧ˵
ضǰּ̯꣬ƿͬ԰ڰ㣬ڣǱС˵ǲ
һֻȮδ޳֮ǰҲ޷깫Ҳǲ˴𸴣·Ǵڵ¾ˣֻѰ˵˵ˣǿڣֻһ˫ۣǵ˴޳׼ʥҲָտɴ
깫ЦסʣֻԶԶסأ
Ƥһĳα񣬻ָԭ䶢ס깫˵ã
깫ЦŲϢƶãڴ˴ľãҲߴۡ
깫ֽһ̾˵ãǰ֮Ϊ˸޵ҲǱȲǴ󱦣
ޱ飬óƽס깫깫Цˣƶ˵˽ҪۣƫǲţӲҪø³
زߴߴᣬֻ˵˫Ŀңղ
ô깫ЦȻһ¹ʯƯαضƶ·᪵̣ڽУǿסΪ֪ƶǺۣ
깫վֻؿڣסأ˵ȻˣȻѰƶѰ࣬ƶԸ˫ۣƶϣƶи֮룬ϣڴ˶סգɺã


69 
䶢ס깫, ķʩֻһ
һ꣬غĳ
ƣںڰлγӰӰӿ, ڰӨ΢, ǽһ, ɽ깫
깫æһ, ֻءһǧʯǱǽѹۣ
깫Ը, ұȻȥ˰ߣ
һ, Ҫп⽣, ꣬ǻ꣬Ȼ
깫ҲҴ, ֻó׹ޣһԽԳ̬ȫעס, Ե᪵̣ţǵ죡
Ц˴˱˴ˣ
ϣһ, 깫׹һڰʯ𻨣ֻڱ£Ӱһޣ¹ʯðɱֻһ֣깫Ǳ˦ȥʮ࣡
깫˦ˣȥֻҳһӣ󽫵Ҽӹ̣ʱҪ
깫ȴǲЪϢֻٱȥƱҪ̴
ֻ̱깫һ̣׹޴ʱ磬ֻǰһӣǽǽεסһؾ˺߰˲
깫̧ͷ­ͫѳɫ˷ܵĹ⣬ֻνضס¶ȮֵǴ۽磡
˵űһǽһţǽڵųһӣԱعȥ׹Ŀ깫˦ɴޣֻؾУ
Ǳ޻δṳ̈Ǵϣһ㣬ִ깫ͷ­
׹Ӳֻһ֣ǵסعƣ
˾ǲ£
໥һʱҲ֣깫ЦҪȡƶƶȴ׽ˣһƶȴʧһȻҪѹƣ
깫˵ǶۣҲԣʱձȻ컯αҪΪƶз
һҵ˫㷨˵ǡǺ޳ܣ
ر깫Ͻֵս׹ǧȴκβأǰȴҲδһʱֻսӿҹҡҡ׹ǽ̱ѣ
ؼ״Ҳòɾսֻ깫˵ңǱҽҪڴˣ
òѰ깫ܷŹ
깫عƼΪǷɾ裬һЦ뷢Ա޽׽һУ
깫ʧɫ֣
ǾӿȥæסؿǶ꣬æȥ
깫æ˺Уͫ׺󣬼ִгɱɱڣǣǽݺһ
깫Ʒڵأڻż㷭ֹıʯסǷͣ£ֻ˫Ŀͷ­һᣬȻһΪ
˫ۣ˫ס꣬ԴԲԲһ˰
˦˦Ѫ뽣ʣúȥȥǶۡ
깫Ǿͷʬײߣһ깫˫ץסۣһʱ侹ǳ
һıƣͷȻ
ʯˮްӿһǽǺ߳ҲǶ˫ۣ
ʯ£Զһ㣬깫ͷʬױû
вʣұȻϽѶȻҪڴˣ
ԭ·أ·Ȼ·ֻѰ·Ѹھ
ϵ棬Ǽͷء
ĵˣּһһԺϽ˽ȥ
Ƕö˵ƣ˵꯿н֮أ
պ깫סĵ֮ϡ
һԺһ죬а
زΪֻѰȥ
һӣһƿʰɴҡҷ죬ֻһòŮãعʱʧɫ
زֱֱ֣вĪ
Ů֮ףıǽ
ͷǣʵĿˣǺĪô
ū̲סŮʵūҵһãضӢۺĴ룬·Ǿūң
ʣǺˣڴ˵أ
ŮӳūұŮӣǳʿ㣬κΰǰһʿūòǽū°
⻰˶죿ңŮӣֻô
ŮУ˵鲢ï·𽿽˲ᣬʣǵ˽ūҴȥϵرǰ仧ǽūҹڴ˴һرǺü꣡
ʣ㻽
ŮȻһЦūСˣ°ūҵĵУӢ۾ң
ȻˣþȻ᪣Ҫܳɽģİѽסˣ
ؿһʣĲ槼һȻ᪣
סͷһأʣã
Ц槼һͷѪңȻã
˺槼ȻͷѪ㣡ǺˣιӢۣūң
ͷȻ֮Ų֮죬ǻҡҷص˵Īһ˿Ӧҹкˣ
üһݸū죡
ֻͷ˿һĺȥѣ
űȻڣūԡλүҪūң
⽿Ի֮ͷǾͽһľǷǡ
дԣཪһڴˣ˲²λˣȻԲһŹɫͼ˵ԡλé®С˱Ѫ
ͷ¶һЦֻͷһȣˣĪҪˣ
ôǽֻͷȻһɢλ˹
ԻıǿεΣԹ㻹ū˺£ūұһŮӣȴūҶ꣡
ͷƶǲס㣡ҪͷģԻ
˻һ˽ǻȻ⻰˵˸Ƿǣ˽۽òһ˲ţȻãʹֶν˹ס
˲ò࣬ʿҲ쳾
ģȻŭǶǲˣˣҪڸģݹƶ棡
ͷǽһޣǲˣбѰ
ƣѰͷȻмˣ
ڱŶ˵Թ˽¿γ棬һʱ㿴ңҿģǰٶ
˴Ѳ飬ĸӦƱе´¡֮Ժﴫǲ̬
̬·𲻸ս³ϱߣ׽飡
ƣиƣǰһŽ߿
˺ۣһӱסһòŮӣɲŮòӵ˵룬ȴҲôǰ˺£
ŭɱ
ӵסˣһۣûӦģǷֺ壬ЦһˣȻǿŮδ֮ޣСýԼѰкβɣ
ڱȻû뵽ôһϵ˸ӣ˵ǵнһ˲ţǧ׷ޣ飬ڴ˵صԩ
˼̣ĪǸϵ
ֻ࣬˵ǶıޣδҲ̫ˣ
ˣڱԥǼޣ䶢סأ˵
һޣͶһ֣
Ī˼æ
ֻýһɨˣںͷꯣסɱ
һ·ЩٶۣԱȥ׷
ЯȥͶʱ߸ľ߸Ƿ߸Ҳ֪ĸæſΨһ񽫣ҲǸִ޵ʿ
Ǳ޴񣬴ɣҲˣǶã
Яڳǽ֮ϣͷ
Цսȴǲȥ
Ҳˣ
һֻס
ǷҪ
̾ˣ˴ū߰գ
ֻһۣһЦ§סˣڽһһԾǧɣ
ͷ㣬ҹɫһϢǲӰ
˿ѪãŻĿֻ˵ձգ


70 
ػ˾Ӫ, һħĽǽס
ħټ§סˣЦǺ£أ
طſˣһȮ, ޴󰭡
߹ȥ, һ, һͨ, ȻǽȮ˻ȥ
ħæȥ׷ȮεٶȣǺɰҹѰţ
ħĽǴŭ, ħŭһ֮, ֮, Ȼ˱߾ȣ
ؽתˣŪĿڣǱΪڣ
ħĽյ⣿
Ƥ, סˣ˵ñ岻, Ȩ
ħĽһԣսУħ쳰ôȻ꣬ŴǾ, ţſڱտҪǱȨȽǴԽ̫ʦ᪣Ǻ
ָðΪ·ڵȴ
ħЦػţãݵ˻
ħЦȸ£ã㣡
ħٻ䣬ͷ˿ӱ޶
ħĽϽȥȻǳˣ
ʹæһʣڴˣ
ħĽһ㶣ʹ糾ͣȻǿӱޡϲ˼ԭҲ˷ǻţ±кϷˣ
˽սУԷȻ
ֻϹʹˣڴˡ
ʹæƣңֻЦӭأڳƣϲ󽫣Ȩƹܣ
ħĽĿɿڴ
֮࣬˺˯˶ֻôǱԻǷˣȻ˹ߣȻȨҪ֪⸸ʮǳ֣֮зģĻᶼޣ
˴󻼣ӷΣ
ؽӹȨºЦʹһ·࣡һԴ㶵ĳɱΪʹϢ
ɱȥذڣħĽ
ħĽĲ鲻ԸǺŭ
뷴ŭԣȴĸܵǵѹѹƤ⣬裬ֻŹⶼҪѹ飬˽ǳ亹
˾֣ŵϥ¹ѿڣĩ
ոտڣѹһֻܴҶ棬˺ͷΥ
һֻ̧ͷֻһ˫¹ʯ÷·飬򴽿ڣɲϣλҪǵã˵λΪһԵɱˣ޹޹Ҫãǽؽ̻̣Ǵ֮Уսգ˭Ҳ
սսֻõͷǣλֻƱȨ޵֮ˣ֮½Կɰ
ѹһԣ֪ĬĬգֻΪֻһ˲˽ãΪ̫ʦ֮£Ƿһٱȣ
ΪܣͷС
˵ڵϣǵǰյպ޺ӹˣȴЦλӢۺܣˣضǹأʵ뽫ԣ޵Ǵн棬Ǵ˺󽫾ף˵λ飡
æƣң
Ц󣬻λͬЭΪҴ̳£ȫȻλˣ
⻰˵óϳϿҿң׺ԣǾ泩Ϊ󣬴Ըѵá
ֻ׺ͽ˷ģΪǣ˼üºͣ˿Լͬ뵽⸸˻ңǱ÷Ҳ޵
񶼡
񶼸ո˵нǽסŮӱ°ȥ˹ԼฺձȻݣǲҶԡ
ʱչʱͷǰӿŨòŮӱԺӣǵΪΣͻȻǱ
ǰе´¡죬ԼǵѸ࣬ҶʱˣҲ
ֵҹĽòƽԹǰԡ
һС˵Ӹ꣬ȴֵأҪػĽ
һСЦ˰գĪҪԹɽǱūڿÿҪȲ²࣬ĪҪԹ
˲мūȣˣҹŮӣƼûǸɫֲǵﶼҪϣ
꣡һСѹǰ˵ͷֻŮޣҼ·ͬڳˡ˵Ůӻ᲻ǡ
Сһ˵꣬ľ紵ֻ˽ǽסݾ֡
Сɻ˱飿Ҳǲ²⣡һʿħĽ;ʥҲǼ
ֻ˸Ǿ֣Сıһģֻͷʣ޼ƶͷ­
Сһֻź裬Դľż㻺ת˫ĿһֻһͷסҼ磬ֱֱվǲѴѪ죡

һڱŵûɢæӴܣй
Сֻǰһڣ˹ȥ

ͷǱϸңֻһ̣Ѱһͷͷ­ȥֻһ
ͷ­˫Ŀ飬ķɫ鶯ЦҺò꣬ҪȻƶɲˣ
Ѫøɾֿ꣬˿Ǳ˵ұۣ˫΢УʧЦֲ̫˵ıôϷˣ
߸ľ߸Ƿʦ彪֮ȥʦ֡
߸Ѱʦ㷨ľ߸ѰˣλʦϢüͷ塣
㷨ʽ߸ħĽȴƣ
߸ҡͷ˵ȷ̫
Ҳľ߸ ħĽȴǴ򲻹
ľ߸ࣺǵӵ̫
˼˹ʵ԰䣬ͷ̫ͯã
æ˵룡
ֻ̫˴˸ףֻ̫˵֣ؽ̫
æʣ˵
̫̾ҷڶ깫깫Ӵܣ
üò깫˵˱ǺúòסҲж˵Ϊˣ
̫Ƿһ̾깫Ǳˣ깫һұѰΪ⣡ҿԩ
˾㷨֮ˣ
̫ͨ죬˵깫˵ǽؽ̣Ҳ̽˵ãܣǰͽꯣȥһһǣ
Ҳ˾Ȼ꣡ͽܣǽ˵ô
һɣ˭˵ĽһգգۣüΪ֮ϣѹľ߸˲ܶԸ
ľ߸ͨ죬ȸûʲħĽǷȻȹǺˣʦ˵ݲСӶ죬ֻš
˼Ƭ̣˵²öԸҵֲǣӦԣ
̫˿Ƭ̣һ̾Ҫó磬˻ǿ£
ʲôһ뾪£
̫˵ȥ鹬˵£ȥ˱ιǼˣ˴ˣͨΪơ
̫˺һ٣·Ըڣ˽˫Ŀ濴ֻ̫˵ԣ˷·ͨ岻ֻ˵ͷǷ˽ɣ
ˡͬľ߸Ŀɿڴ
Ǻͷֻһ˵·𲻺ðѽ
̫˵ȣˣɱͨǱ
ʣǿ
̫Цںδֻ֪̫ʦѰ·Թʦó֣ǿֻһˣȥ


71 
ա
ڽ, ܱħĽʵʵסҲȾƳ⣬Ц࣬ڳ, , Ϊ¡
˽ǾŲͬѰ, һʱҲʵʵס
ļһ˧, ֻһǾһ˦̤
ֻһ˫͸ۣһս, ò, һѾͽһվ, ֱ彫
λǼιعҲʶôˣֻǰ˵, гţսƽƽĳɱ࣬ħĽҲǲ̫, ҲΪǲĴ˧ۣħĽǹֻһҹ̬˸ת, Ŀɿڴ
ҲôҲ˵ʢ⸸·ңҪۼֻǶﴫ£һ˵ģǾǴԾǴ󻰣
˵ֱֻĽ
ħĽڴ𣺡ĩڣ
˹Ľ̬ȣԴ˾ηޱȣҲӣֻħĽһɷȴڴǰü˳ۣһɹŹ֡
ħĽŻѾã˼̬ȣѧҹˣ˵תȨ״ǽȨ˴ˣһʱҲǹ
پӣպս
ħپӣűƣħ¶˷ܣʣҪɱȣ
ҡͷտսС²ҵս
ħʣǽҪ
һҪսսǲսǺã̻ȫȻ֣ͣЪǣ
Ƭ̱ϡ
̾죬紵趯εأ뻮һħĽͷ˧λ
شţǽϹսƣֻһ֣һ٣ֹ̤һؾ죡
ǽǽţһֻһ˧һۣ裬Ǻòɣ
ǴԶԶһѹѹһƬһͷһƬǺһƴɣ룬Ƴһɱ
ؿסǽǽսҲƣֻ˵ֻ˵أ˵
ǽ亹ֱֻסУս
شЦẰ𻰣ҲǺս࣬Ҳǲô
̴˻һЦسǽŭͨ죬ֻǲһȥ˵̬
еǽ߸ľ߸ļֻ˺䤱˵ͣ£
˵ȻսˣĻ
˻صԣֻҪȥ𻰣Ҳ˵ս
ü˵ٴʱսȥ
վǽ֮һڳ£̴Уڣһɱӭ
ֻЦ뽪ʣһᣡ
ֻ𣺡һᣡ˵սͷ·𲻼սƣ
ЦֻǺ𻰰ˣ
סʣкλҪ𣿡
ضס˵¿ͣһǳ˼主󡢵ṇ̤̀壬һˣϲ÷ɳ۳ңڸ쳾ͬҵȻ޻𣡡
㣡⻰࣬⻰ǳ˵ֻ˼䷭£˼ҵǸɹǣȴź쳾ǻ컯Ҳ
⵹ǲָֻպȴֻһ˵ǡ޻𡯣·֮֮ȥҪǸԼģᶨȻ̣
ֻŭŪȣָպᣬȴרᣡ
زδԳ㣿֪Ϊ᲻˵޻ˣ
ƣȵ˵𻰣˵޻˵ˣ
ºЦĪҪẰȻ
յ
˵ͷະҪ˵
󵨣ȵֱ
Цһ˴׷ʦְ֮ưһǴҲֱοǵȴ˵Һôͷ
ŭ˵Ȼིͷ񶼣ٳȴҪһ棡Ѳɣ㽪ܴػ
﷭ָպ˵˵űһػǳԽˣ˹ԶԸ󣬴ǵ˵
Բңң

ͷһǼűϳǽ
󾪣ǽΣһæ˻ס
ֻһӣȴҪ˻ֻվڳǽϣ𻰣ǰպεӢ䣬ǵСˣȲ
ϣְס֣ģº˵࣬ɹ˵գ
̾ƣĪȦף
ʾģתͷءһһ
˾ᣡǰֻŸǰɽ´󹦣һڼıǳ֣֮ε˵ãǰǺε٣Ӣ˳꣡
ڳǽһºʣӢ£һ治ͬ죬ܶݣǼң
Ҳ񣺡Ҳڳ裬ǽ̸·֮
һû뵽ȻףԱǴޣһ㡾ְأĹȴ
һޣ˽Ƿ߷߲ƽҪ֪ڳ裬ͬӲؿҲɱ˽ݣܲߣ
᪶̾ҲսС
ֻ̾ĪӣߣǰԸգҲ˵Ĺ㡾ְأΪҪ
ȥᣬֻ˶ȻƤȴҲϲԣֻʣȣȴδ£˵Դô
Բӣ˵ҪòңֻѰ깫Ҳ˵ȣȴǼææ˱ٶ֮죬·ձѰ˽
Ȼ΢ŭʣָδϴɾӵȴͷˣḸ֣һĹĵˣȴǴ˵˵ɱɱ
ֻۣסᣬ֪ʱɽ֮ʱȴǲǵȳ棬㸸ĴѾҷĴңȲҳ˻ڷƽһ֮㸸ͬ棬ܷΣֻɱƽڷˣ
һ˵Ҹ˵˻Ȼ˶ﴫ᪶ƣҲ˫ĿŴˣ
ͬҲ˵˻Ҳ뵱Ǳ깫׷ɱǹ¼Ҳ֪ģ
ҵʱҴ̳ͬսū˻٣
üͷ壬ʣ깫Ļ£
ƤһƳ۽򼧷˵֪ʧȥ񶼣ȥѰ깫Ѱˣ
Ҳһ˵Ѱ
΢ֻס˵ҹȼ°ˣδ֮棬ཫ˺ü꣬ƣ㽪ǲ壡
ֻ磬ּ˵ȴǲ֪깫ȴǲլԺ£ǵؼģ
æʣס
ЦǶס˵࣬깫ʦܣ˵³ѰֻĪǣҹգ
˵˻Ҳü˽һۣڴŭ깫ʦܣΪǣҹ˻
ȴĽ磬ʾΣֻס¶Ц⣬˵깫Ȼɱȥǵھ򣬱Ȼڳʬףʬͷ׷룡
󾪣ˣ
صͷ̾깫޽սԴͷҪھΪԷ飬ΪʣԹھ̡
˫Ŀס˵ҪǴ֮ֻã
һħ̲סִܹˣȣ
ֻһӣ˵̾ǹң겻깫깫ɱ£ڳ裬ȻܱסȣˣʱҲر򣡡ס֣һգհӣֳúãǻɱʱͿ̿ĵ
ָ໥Ħ˫Ŀֱסأ˵Ҳͬ깫ʬδ˵·ͬСɣΣУ˵ǻãСסգ깫ʬױڣɺã
ֻЦȻˣıԶǣΪ룬ɵس趨Ȼ͵£ҳʱȻסҪ֮輧֣
Цǡ
ؿǳţȴǲط·δ㣬˵ЩϷڣĪҪ֣
ͷƣΪǷȣֲźá
ֻһ㣬Ǹ߸һԾۼһϢҪǣͷһŭȣֻף
̧ͷһֻһýؽæóƵֳֵֻ嵽ԭأ
֮ϣ˻һؽһָƽ
ͷȥֻǵˣһ̫ˣһǸƮƮɵ߸ͯ佫һ£ǽס
̫˿Ǵŭ˱أ


72 
λ˵ɷ˵, ڴˣҲȴʡ
׺ʹˣֺơʦȴʣʦĴӢۺܣ·Сסգ
̫ˡϡһ, ˵ĵ, ôֶμ, , ȻҪ˿ˣ
󾪣֮ˣҹȻӦǣʳԣ
һЦصʳԣȱȻܡ롯ǣдǻһ, ɱ, Ȼǲ, ƣʱȻ, Ҳ
˼Ƭ̧̣۹λˣǵ֮ò, ƣ߽ҲǿڣԷ飬һ, ƣĲԵȣ
Ŵԣֻ̾һȻ˵ˣҲλ̽ʮǧҪСģ
λǣ죬˵صǣƣ
ͷλˣǵõʿּ̫ˣλҲͬΪʮɡ
ս̫ܵñˣҲһ˶ʮ֮սꯡ߸ʮɴλͯսֲ񶼻кˣһħĽҲӦ
ؼ̫˵ɴ۾סֻףЦ֣
̫ˡߡһȵƤЦǾ
ز쿴˵ǵԸᣬģ·һ㣿
̫ԴŭɷҲ컯㣿ᱦ˵
شЦǵߵڰףԼ˱ǽңȽŵԣ㵱ʱҲľͻȻڣ˼λһʳԣ
㣡̫գסأֻһȵ㣡
ͷһڣƣͱһס
ֻǵƮƮôĪ磬ԶԶһ·ǸŮ࣬ǵ˶ֻ̫ҡͷʾ⣬סش˸ףƣѣ
Ҳǻʣʵɺţ
ǵ˴𣺡ƶǾŹɽ׺׶ͣŵѵ̣
ǽ£ֻһ㣬Ьײմǵأ
ֻһ֣ħĽǵú÷ضסˣִһ
ҲóǴ˸ף룡
ҲֻԽ⿪ֱֱɱȥ
ֻǵǵأʱʱͣǲȻһǽΪģֱֱϮ
ֻƽһس˽һֻ㣬ƶϸǼ͵ֻýؽһ
˺ʾ˽ʯ𻨼䣬ǣһȣӿƾտһʳ˰׻ſҧȥ
æһתǽıƣֻһ򣬾ǽǿӲƿ
˼ǽʱֻ÷·̩ɽѹֱѹ㶼
æָһƷһţǽ󿪣ֱڣסһæ˿ʮ࣡
һ˿ǽһִ˫ɱںˣ㣡
ؼǵɱֻƽһӣƾֹסƣ
ǵԣԶԶЦҲñƶأ񣡡
ǵ׵һۣ𣺡ɽöҲ
ؼ˲жЦ̵ˣʮɣλᣡģһ
ŭͨ죬Ҳ¶Σ˺ȵƶһ˼ɣ
̫ڳǽͷĪ˴˼ƣʱᣡεΪҲǶһƫǲ㼤Ҳ
̫˻ϣҲǳɱ
һֻ֣ħĽִ
̫˼ħĽֻ֮⣬ԣ
ִֻǽſѹȥɱħĽ
ǽס½ǣֻؽһĴҰֿۣң
ǽһ壬ǽ̫˳
ħĽ˿
̷ħĽȽסǣ
ħĽͷһֻл˺ôλ̫ߣδҪɱˣԱȥˣ
ֿŭΪȷЩ˵ˣôʮ֮һԪʼµӣҪħĽۣ
ħĽͨ죬ˮƽضֱΧסֽŽܾΪǷ̣һʱ࣡
ǽϽ״æľ߸ȥʦ壡
ľ߸ȥʱȻܣһЯ߸˴ϲ
æꯡ߸øպãȥ󣡡
һǱħĽɱˮ
д̹ѹϮⲨ߳˺һؾһжλʦս
ȥ
һȣ߸߸Ըʦ̫һ˽սϵã
ǹʦ֮ˣʱ壬ΣҲľսӰڣʦ彪æȥǻʦ壬ֻԶԶ뿪սΧ
ᣬҲսʮֳּ߸ľ߸꯽ˣиǽ
˼ֻýһ̣ظ֪һ˿æסͷ̫˱ɱʺ
˴˵ƣҪ
ЦĶӦԵģ
䣬ֻͷ췢ֻ񶼳һ᪱ɱħĽȻ˲ס޴æ󺰣ɱСģ
ֻսһ죬ɱʱզ
˫ңɱǺѹѹһƬεأǻڣɱǵУǺͮͮ˸⣬󿪣ɱ¾һʱɱ¾ֻսģѪ浶ɱ
ӦУ˿ܷ
з˵һǽⶴõɣػɽӻ꣬УһǾŹɽ´ܣƽϲͣĪ֤ᣡ
˽Ǽ룬սסһħ޴ŭ߸ҪʬΣ
ֻ߸ǬȦһսħ٣ħʧ˻ֻһޣ۱ȥǬȦ㲻ֽŻңкģ
ǵ߸һ̨ȥˣ
߸˿ħ֪ħǺǺһЦ˵Ȿ£㽫ʬҲκβᣬطѿܿ
ħŭڣֻԪɡ󿪴˦ֱ޹⣬ذֱҪȥɱ߸
ͷ꯳Ǹһɡһᣬʧͷ
ؼ״æ󺰣ˣĪҪս
ϱǽּӿǣؼУ
̫˼ʹ֣̣ƽ𣬾Ǳеʮ
ǾһнǱˣͬ߸Ҳܲ´˻شһˣ
Уħ졢ħȴвʣ߸һۣлˣסɱֵħٵǬȦһ
˳ûǽ߸׷ס
شǴˣħԼֵӣȥȻ߸׷ȥɽһͨ취Ҳǻʤ㣬伱Ҳüвֻó˱סʵ
ּһ˼žһսʮ֮ܲѹƣƽ֣Ƕ侴壡
̾ⷽˣҲ̾Ԫδʧ׷ãֻգ
̫һ§סǺͽˣһᣬһȻӰ
߸̫˴󼱣ָһ㣬߸Ǳħֵ׷סֻŭǾֱãһʱǶͽ
ʵ߸ȫԺǰˣ׷ܵû졣
̫æȥѰͽ
߸ߣħ񺣡ħսݱŲȷ֣˦ǬȦʱʱһֱħ񺣱õɵħԪɡǲ죡
ֻ߸ĽһߣħֻϮæһ㣬æУ߸ǬȦһǽԽ
ħһҲ̨ȥˣ
ħֵһ߸Ҳ˲Ѱ𣬱ǿɡߣ
ɡһذ߸һʱǱˣ
߸æȥ׷׷ڰ·ľŴһ𣬷·֮£߸Ͻȥֻһһ˲֪ɵƣڵϡ
ħȻһҲȥ˷̨
߸ſ֣ǵˣʣǺˣ׷Ľɱˣ
תֻһԲȥ߸ֺأ
˿߸һۣ˵ͥɽΤ󡣡
Τ˵꣬ǲԲԹߣ߸ںͷˣ
ͷձӪˣֻüͷ壬ǱˣƱҪ֣òսˡ
ħĽҲսƽƽֻȥǲС
ħһʰսĩһ߽λֵܹӪλˣ˵󣡡
ħһ̾ҲֵѶϢϰ£Ҳܲȥˡ
һλˣǹŹ
һ˴ɫۣ˫΢УЦǺǵվס
һˣһСŮòɰǵ˼ͷǵһͷڷȫɢˣڱɱӣ
ħ࿴ǵΪǼŮ󺰣ø硪ϲĶඣ


73 
ħŮ, 红ͯ㲻֪ߵغʶĪҪҺ˾Ӫ
ħ໰˵꣬һǷӦ˵ǡϲģ
æ˺һ, ɴ۾סϲ, ˼ǳλϲ
ߡϲб, ˵ﲻ, Ҫӣ
ħݹŹ֣ϲģȷǳýģ, ·ֻʮ, ִ, ǸСҲô۹⣬ȻǺڣ
д, ϲòɣһɲʳ˼̻ģ谮, ǴסߣĻ⽫˵أһ˼ͷŪ˼ͷ
òǸʳ˼̻ɣŮϲģ
ϲļħ½黹Ƕ, вãһƹûУ
ϲĺһզħľһֻƣ
ϲķ˸ֻۣ˵˵˺ӣ
ħᣬֻɵģӣ
ƫļЦǺǵĵˣһ˫۽סػͫͷԳǳɫȻһ޸оκѹȴʶ˺
ǵ˼ϴϲģǰǼ˧˳
ظ磡ϲǵ˼һ㣬ǳȥ
ؼϲ˫ſǶ㿪ضҪˤͷˤҲڵϷȦ廽ſز
ֻһѽס
ϲļؽסʱϲѣֻ˵ø磬ˣ
ؽſֿ˿ʣˣĩ˵Ƚ˵
ħϲָæ棬ֻ±˿£Ϊڣ¡
˻˾ʣɱҲպսˣֻڽܡ
ϲģ˵ãʹ˫
ϲЦǺǿڣˣ
һϲģǲ죬ɱҲϲģɽԣþ磬ֻŭ˵ϲŷƣһȷʵǣ·ãȴһ˿Ҳư
һǵ˼˷ӦֻסϲıӣֵȻǴλϲϲĶͯŮ
ϲһףһħǵ˴죬Ȳʣʵɺţ
ǵ´һüһ˵
ħЩƣֻؿһ˵λǿ
ħԴʧɫﻹ˵ƣæ˺˫Ŀסò˵ֻ񣺡ʦ
˼ħ̬ȣ֪ͷСһʱǽס
ħֻſڴˣѹλҲû˶ֻ꣬ڴ˵һ㣬Ȼ
Ǻεң
ƫͷأ˼һսʮ֮ãǾŴͷҲĴ
ܽãһս˵ãҲǺ
ħǾнȻҲǴϲֻ˵ȻʦڴˣǲʮɽϣҲʤġ
һۣԹԵѰŵ£ϲǶ֣˵ϲĶӡ
˽Ǽͷ˿ɢԴϸСıӣǶëԴ˿ҡ
ϲһҲ棬ȥ
ֻţһۣʣ˺ˣ
üã
ЦΪˣɱ
һȻ򣺡ӻذ˾ǰݵͣعллΪس
˵ͨʥˣȻȬ·أҲܾȡ
˵ȱ
˵ִ˴ȴΪģֻϲĶƫҪǳᡣ
̧ۿֻ˵۵ˡ
ϲһԽͷһӵ絨С£ΨϲĶ㣡
ü΢ºͣԳһ˿֮ɫֻЦϲģȻڴ򣬼㲻֣Ҳз
ϲͷʵ˵
ۿ˵ֿǱ̫϶סˣ
ֻˣŪһӣЦǱȻ˭ôһſʥҲö
ϲһЦֻۣ˵ø磬ĪװͰ͵̫ʦŲףȴԵãϵս£̫ʦȥ˽Ѱ˵ѣñҪգ
ϲǴãʮɴԼҲ½Ҫÿɶȣʣ衢ǻã
ϲĻֵһɷƽ˾槼ҲˣӼ·޳ֻʮǽȰס
˵ǧҪȰסᪿɲȶ³Ƕǵ˵ǵҲǷ֮ˣҳ򡣡
ϲЦİգ̫ʦأȻȰס˴
ħһԻͷòڣһ˵һ˵ͨһ˵̫ϡһһľ˿ɼģ
ħĽ޵ǰͰˮҲǲ˵ƾǷ绽꣬Ҳǵƽƽǵ˵ãĻմ˼主ָʳѰöǳȥˣ
ţļס
һ֪˶Ĵܣǽ꿴ҲֻǺվסҲλΪɶҪŻһģ
ֻʣֵܣ
ħһϲĿڣѽһ˵·񣡡
ħһæʣģ
ϲĿס˵·ʬףΪƣһɫ죬Խ·ϣһ˸ǲңɫƫǱѹ˱
ħԴһ÷θ޵üʣ޺ħֵܣڴˣ߸ҪʬΣ
ᣬ߸˸磬ʦ̫ѵ
̫˼ͽ˫Ŀ㱣仰Ҷ仰ͽཱུСȵ߸
߸˫Ŀڲٻ㱣ʵʦͽΣֺһ
̫̾źȴҲǵޣ֪޳Ϊʦ㱻׷ǵģ
߸һȥ̫ˣת׼ȻʦĪҪģ߸ɱз󽫣Ϊʦ˴⣡
̫˼߸˹ɣǲֻߵϧΪʦǾֱȥȻ㣬Ǵ
߸ʦ˵ض֣ɫãֻʦ˵ͽϲǷȥҲ죬ҲǺÿǬȦˣʦȲҪȥأ
̫˴̾һɸֵס߸Ҳأ
߸ͫ΢ٽӻ
ͷһ˳̫ʦ˵أ
߸תͷһΤǲ˵£
̫æͽţֻΤ˵ǽؽһɣƾȨ˧ͳɱ᪣
Τһˣ
̫ǳҲֻǰʣǵǲģ
Τ񣬻صʦǲ㷨Ѱʦʦʦǽ߽ţ跨
̫æʣ죿
Τ𣺡ȼƵˣ˵ˣ
̫Դϲֻ˵ָտɴˣ
ʱȻҹ٣һϮ£һֻãбĿ
Σʡ
ֻһĹ٣״ʬס
ޱ飬ָĦļͷֽһ彫
ۣ彫ŹסʣϹΣ
Ϲ״ҹԺбȥŵûɢ!
ʣŵã
ϹصһȻɵһ˵һǴͷͷˡҲԴǺ
˫Ŀӳ⣬ͨ͸ĬƬֻֽ̣Ϲˡ
Ϲȥĳɢ䣬Σ
ɢֻ״ΪɵǴţ̷ɣ
ʧЦ涮£뿿ֺγȣ깫ǽʦܣŪңսң˵Ŀһ£ȻǴսȣȴͬڵޣȫȻУ
ɢһ˵˵Σҵ˼
Цǵ˼һƣҲ໥ı棬Ҳֻ˰գ
ס⣬ڣܵɽȻֻֽ촡
ɢ˵Ȼᷴѣഫֵͬܣֻſӵɽˣ
ЦһռȻˣӵɽǣҹ겻߰ǰʱ꣬Ȼ罫ƭǹʱһˣ
ɢͫ΢ʣǶ˼
Ŀҡͷ̣޷˴ţɰҵɱԽԽã
ɢ̧Ŀۼݲ˫ͫӳ⣬·һͷޣ˽ţȻҲⷬ¼ɼ࣬˼ϸӣı̫ܳסһһԵô󹦡ֱǰΪı֮ˣ̴Ӳ֪ǹ߸죬ִȨӲ¼ɣɷݣ᪣ݵʱ
ɢͷֻʥأ
ɢĿݲӰ֮Уޣ᪣Ϊ˼Σΰֻ֣Σҵɣҵźã
ǵȾǻΰˣԹűޣһ


74 
ý, ϲĶң
ģҹūңýˣòϵرඣܳɽ㵹ãȻ˿ϲĵסӣС°ĪҪסزźá
ϲһЦ, ס, ˵ϲĶȥ˳, ˻ش, ûס¶˴ϲģ˵þûϢ, ˵ǿ˸ʿ
ūС, Īþ, β΢Գһ˿̬ЦūҲǵʿˣ, 槼ڣūҲϲ֣߳, ȻҪˣһ£
ϲһЦװɣ
ûûģĵ˿ǿǴ˵еĴܣվϱҪϲĶа㣡
ϲİ˸, ĲˣѽþҾƲңǻҪסӱӺôӻϲ밢ظˣ
üǺͷ槼ȻһͷѪȽǰ̣Բһ
ϲһָͷһνڣأҲŲڹʲҲˣжҲʥʹ
ʣ槼ˣ
ϲЦ⣬ܵõͷѪ˰ظ磬΢ϵͨ槼ڿࡣ
ϲֶסˣһ˫ý㣬ȽһҰظ磬ɲǷŲǳʿҲȥֻǧҪӪɻ£
΢˵ãǵʿ·һʯ治ȣֻװµ幦£αͣ
þͺáϲ˵
ЦҪø磬Ҳǳ槼˿ޣỹڴ˹Ǻ쳾ɵˣһǻԯػѰȥգ
ϲס˫֣ס˵ͬԯأǲ̼㷸١
ȥᡣ
ͷӣǾǡ
ѹ£ǲаֹӪȴǲôпڴˣλȻ˵Ų֣鼱ȻӲܡ
Īħֵ࣬ܽǱ߸ɱձǺ޵ҧгݣ޲ս߸ʬΣ
ᣬҲǷƽ˾ս
̫ˡˡˣͬһսüࡣ
ˣ̫̾
ʣֻѶϢǿǺҲѲɱλʦҪ»ţȥ֣Ⱥβֽδ룬ǹ
̫ɫãǷ䣬˵ǿص£ǿ֣ʮɲèˣ
󾪣ǡ£ɫŹ֣ǹõǰ£
ˡ̫ˡͷסлԼ֮ô
ɫѿŭ˴Ǻ˵˵ڶ³ƣ˵ټʵʵܺˣ˵лԼʵģ
˽ǿһۣʦ˵ǡܺˡһ䣬ֻɫӲ
ΤһԣһԲҲ¡
˼˽ǣǰλĪǣǿˣҲҳ֣
˵ͷЦˣǸҳ֣ʦӲ
˻䣬ͷкֻ֮һЦλſģȻÿ˲طϣ
˶һͷɫƷϮϮһˣأƮƮ«֮½ˡ̫ˡˡæȥӭ
Լͬϲͬ񣺡ʦ
ֻǵ«һȱòͷһڽɡ
һæһһܡȼƵˣЯʮɣЯҵӣȻ룡
ȼƵ˴һףֻ
æ׹
ֻȼƵ˽ס˵Ȼ׼ʥ˽ӣλͨŵӣһսǻ֮Դ̬ⷽǲȥˣ
Խһͨŵӣʦӻذ˾սģ
ȼƵҡͷп㣬̫ʦȻҪ쳾ս£
˸ǾȣʦҲҪˣ
ȼƵ̾·ħѱʦ˽գʦ˵ʥˣ»ԴƽģͨҲϳִλҲʥˣȻƫδңˡ̣ȻǲݣҪ׼
һʣΪγ㾳أŵ̽ƽ͵ġ
ȼƵ˿סˣдȱֻڣΪγ㾳أ᲻֪Ƚգ
ɫӲȼƵ˿ڣ򷸺쳾֮٣Ȼ󣬶ΪҪβŵƽϢ
ʣҪؽ̸̺
ȼƵҡͷʧЦ¾޿ܣ˵ͨȻ˳䣬ŭͨͬΪֳ᲻ӣǲײǽͷǵҪ£ŵƽϢ
ʣǻִ֮ͨƽϸ̸
̫˲ڣΪ֣鹬ѲҪȥι
˽Ĭʣؽƺƴͨ죬˶ڣ£
ȼƵ˻һУڣȻʦ̸֣赣ǣֻλأңʥ˷䣬ǸԴΨȳȥˣŵðݣ
Ҵ̷ܣһ裬Ψɱˣά
ȼƵ˫ֻ˵֣ɱ
Ӫйıս£ƤһӪŲƿ˱ͷλˣ˵󣡡
æ˵Ӫ
ػ䣬ǼƿֻһλЯλòɹãⲽ
ֻǵһϮɫۣ˫üޣͦһ
ǵλòãֱ̰סƱɫѣƮƮǱࡣ
ֻǵ˿סأһЦϵ㡣
زϵôˣʣϵƶ
˵ɵżйȥһԶԶ㣬˵˫Ŀ㣬·ģ
Цںʵɺţ
˵Ƕüɽ޸Թ;̫ʦȥѰʮǡַ˱Яλʦͬ󣡡
һϮ̰ѵЦƶ
Ӵ˸ףƶ
Ʊ˵ƶ
æʣ֣λӣ
Цֿڱι޵鵺Ǿ
ºѣԹ֣ʮɻҪ
Թüһ¶һЦ⣺ˣҪʮʮɣĸ֣һҲ
λòҲҲһЦЦȴһɱֻ֮óһβΪԼܼɱ
ܼɱͷĴһЦֻһͷСĵⲽĴһȣЦҲǿɼ
˼æ˺һסƬ̣֣
ǺһЦȣֻסЦǵȻǿɼġ
ɫȣһԹƵ˻ȥ
Ǳ̲סʣģҼ˿Ϊ죬òֹǽԸģ
Թһۣڱ죬ԹʣȻڴˣ̫ʦΪλҪѰ
ش𣺡ֻڴˣȴս
ԹȻԭˡĩ˵ȣȹȻΪüһ 
شϲ˽ӷ磬իȫǱ룬бԼս飡
ؽԼսһԹʣΣ
Լսƽպս


75 
Զ, ƽ
˵һƽأããһƬҰݣƬƬé紵, ں׻, ⺮, , սĴ졣
з᪴ͮͮһƬӲ̫⣬Ͽս鸡, «Ͼ, ̤, ƺƵˣ
ǰɱ, ɣ
ּս벢Уʮɵ죬ƹӿ
ȼƵ, ΢΢ۣԶԶһᣬֻһ۾˧أ
ȼƵüͷ壬˵ģ
ʣҹ, ֵܵùʮ֣
ȼƵ˵ؽɱῴƣͷǵɱͬһ㣬·֮⡣
һҲŲѰȴ뾹ȱǣ
ȼƵ˶סأüͷ壺۲·
̫˾ʦҲǿ˵£Ҳÿ·Īһ㣿
ȼƵҡͷ˵˿±ȿ·ǻһƳҲ룬ʥҲǲ򵥣һΪ䲻ߣǿ̣ȴӦ
󾪣Ƕʮһ꣬Ϊˣٶȣ찡ѲǺаħ˶٣ʣʦ˵ӦʦԨԴ
ȼƵҡͷҲӦԨԴ·ȻմߣԶԶһֻۣŲҽӽ·ܿᡣ
˵ǵʦǺã
ȼƵ˫ĿԳһ˿ȱ˵Ƚȥսգȹ˫Ŀ΢𣡡
һ˿ԼӣںϣڣһΤԷʦͽս
Τһأ츳ߣΪҲô˴Ҫͷˣ۵Գһ˿ֻ̣һ̾ˣСģ˴β̽ȣסǣֻĥ°գ
Τս
ΤһƥѪ׳ֻħóǰ󺰣ͥɽΤս
΢Ҳʶô˫¹ʯ޳컯ԶԶһսסɫ΢ŭ
ֻǰ񣺡֣
ΤЦһ˵ȻģΣ
ɼҽ˶ԻȻʶǳֻЦأ͵ֹҼǣҲ
ΤԳһ˿ŭ⣬ʣһСŮ˵㱻ؽ̴°ȥѰãȴǺȻͶ˽ؽ̣ʧ
һϲԣȥ˵СŮСɣ
һȷŮΣﲻСɣ
ϲĴһ˵ҰظýأΪˣľͲͶؽ̣οø統Ҳ̣Ҳֻｫȥ
ΤȵС˵
ϲĴЦɽѲɻм٣ǻ찢ظɫȽǿ
ϲĻ䣬ʮɸݹŹ֣󻩡Ҳӣسϲĺǳ⣬ϲ˵ͷּǲǷ̥ʿɣ˽ǽסƮƮȻ죬Τڴɽɱǿ
ϲķŴЦ˵ǻǴޣ·ǵ˿洫ӵҰظ統걻°ȥڽͥɽҲǸʲӶ
Τͨ죬ŭԻڣ
λʦ֣Ѧ񻢣οԣ˵ȷԼʦ˵ڴɽ˴ˣǽȭţص˫Ŀ㣬ʦҲΪתƺüȦҲΪڣϲһá
˼ΤͬʦģĪԳһ˿Ȼͨ죬ҡͷ̾һ
ϲ˿֪Ȼʼ޺Ϊ£Ҳǲø磬͵͵סΤǡ
ϲĺһ٣·ǲԸڣθȫǵǵ˽ǽסᣬڣΤǽҰظ統ʳ
ϲ⻰һΤλʦҲǿȥǳ⣺ҽʦǵʿ޴£ȵڽͥɽԿ֤ʦܴã
ϲĴһգһ޹ģ红ͯ磺к˵Τ§§򣬻ǵҰظǿʳ
عȥϲţ˵
ǲɣȫĿɿڴŮϲĴڣ治Ů˵˻ΤǶλʦֽŪɳ׾ɵ½䣬ΤȻɫ
Τ˿·аǵͨ죬ϽǷŭֻϲסħһӣȥңŭȣ޳СԻڣҽ
ϲĳ鵶Ӵ󺰣Τ߳ŭҪɱ
ɣȼƵˣҽɵӣǽ˳סǼϷǣͨˣȻһĿɿڴĶԹ
ɽƽɶ¶Ҫ̸ãϲĹǻǧꡢƻһ˽анͥɽѦ񻢱ḻ죬Τ߳ŭս¹±һʮʮ٣Ū˽֪
֮ƽϢ֮ΤУʥĬԣ˻ҪЦ䣬ǧΤǷţɶʮ죬˾飬Ǳϻۣ볾徻֮ͯԶ˱עҪ͵͵Цһ䡰ãԽԽڡ˺󻰣Ҳա
ʱΤڣɱ죬ƱһҪϲɱڵأ
ϲңˣ˫ЦؼΤڣΪǲ̫˲ϲ˲֪ȻϷ
ǽħ󿪣ϲֻѹڣ޷ֵ
ϲıֽۣŷ飬屻ѹƵòܶڻҼظ磡
ǽħ̶ϲͫ׷Ŵ󣬺硯һ죬Ȼֹ
ϲĶƼȻǰ
ִֻƣǽΤƣһס
غϲˣСԣ޶⣬ĪҪƽϣ
Τִƣɾǵ̵ǡë̩ɽһǷŭѣŭ𣺡أ˵ӿȪ౨౨
Τֻ֣ص֣Ӫͬͬ¶֮ˣĲ֪
Τؽ̾˺εԻٺô㾹ģؽ̽ҰġбǱϴˣ
رս߲ҲãᵱҪس裬˴ǣվӪкιжӲʱնȻҪȴǣ
ΤЦһ˵ǽؽôˣͨŵӣȻǧ۰εȷò֣ĻҽͥɽȰƽ
ýΤˣΤƵ˺󼸲ֹססؿһƣսʡ
ΤݣȻԸ˵˻̧ۼһƽһ統ºֻڣ˽꣬ҲӲ𣬵õʮϲмǣȴõֽȭţͥɽ컯ѩ̿һ㣬ижѣսڴòսַһ˵Ҳˣ˽ΪԽͥɽȴô˽ʵã
Τԣؽǽ˹Τæסǽ컯ԣ֮Ȼʮֻ࣬Ǳңң֣Ψɱ䣬ݣ¶౨սȴǲУ
ֻһ˼䷲˵սգ
ΤƬ̣˽ħƣ˵ˡ
ϣǽƽսڣתȥ
ǻȻΤֻȥԣӵǳսʦ𷣣
̾ؿһʮ֮Ȼãȥգ
ȼƵۿ˵Τסأ飬Ȼ֣ҲǿģһսҲࡣ
Τͫ΢صΤǳȥսǣ
ȼƵ΢Գһ˿ȱ˵ˡ


76 
ⷽӮս, ȴǾĬ
˽ǱΤƻԼսʹ죬ǻˣʹ仨ˮ
Τó, ˵Ը, ̾õ, սʮɶ, 治ɫһΤֶܵʮ֮һʧɫҲս´, ðѷ, ҪΤս, ΤҪ涪˴棡˵˼ƻ
Τ·ЩԨԴ˱˰գ
ͷϲģûûεЦ, ·ǷǵտǳϲģսǶϷ
ϲЦãͷ, Ȼۺ죬ôһǧ֮ǵȷ̫࣡ø磬ĪҪᣡıǣ
˵ǲ, һס
ϲı죬һԹۣʣΤ壿
ϲĲ̫ϲԹȳ࣬Թ䵭һҪųһ꣬ϲ̫ףҴƫƫǸɧӣǰ£ϲ£λӾ˵С£ȴǽƵĺţһµһĿ
ԹΪȷʵҲȻˣϲҲǴŶˣΤһɵǽҰظƭ˽ͥɽ
ϲĴĲɣԹȴǡһ£ʣдԣ˿£
ߡϲķ˸ۣ˵ǼҺøúÿ˵˵ţֶһ£չȥԹĽĻ㽲ܣҽȻǿҰظˡ
Թͨ죬ȥɵ˽˵ǽŵӣ
Թ䣬ԴǱʯӴһ£ԹˣתͷһλʦýǵۿֻʦЦ÷ƵëȻڣֳǶأ
ϲһۣ˵ֿãֲ̫ͬӽ
ԹһԸϲĲһ飬̫·ҧһ㣬ʦһԣһΪᣬϽϲԶԶġ
ڣʦãֻСЩ¡
λԹԵڼƣȻˡ
һϲģֱôΣףοɵĴ֣
λﲻԼͬ룺Զϲģ
ᣬ֣ⷽ·𲻽ʦˣȥս
ⷽҲǲħȻǼս汦ճȺ߸ã޲ȥʬβźã
ȴػֹħս߸Ҫڴ˵زɣ
ȼƵһȥ˵㷨ȥɱأ̫ˡɱԹ߸ľ߸ɱħ࣡λòͬѰȿǶɱҪʱȥɱȼƵ˱ĿȻɱ䣬ֻ˽ٿƽϢúգ
λԳս
عʮɷ·ҪǮƵģսϡ٣һٽɱźã
سЦʮɹ治ͬѰԴСԶ٣Ǻ
̾ҲЦзЦ˼ʶǸ߸ϣƷ¸߽࣬һȴǴʧԭȵսȶ֮£Ҳȴ
ڱߵ̧ɽǱЦ࣡ɱˣǿ˵վһΪսȴϣǳȴصˣෲɱ⣬ʱǿĸðˣһԸҲǾŲ̫壡
ȼƵںͷٴγĪңȥɱɣ
һȻȼƵ˾ģغһ
ֻסȼƵˣʣֿȼƵˣ
ȼƵۿ˵ƶȼơ
һЦȼƤȼ˵᲻˵սģ
ʮɼ˵Ҳ͵ϮսֻõţֻЦһ˵Ϊβ˵ѲɵǷǺڰף˽ǰǰǿסԸģԸԶڸ֮£ҲҪɱȣһЦЦסֿһ˵ǣǲȣȻΪս˵ģǻˣ
ȼƵɱ⣬һȥɱ
ˡ㷨ȥɱȴɱˣֻһս󣡡
ֻһ£ԹϲĽǿȥɱһ׮սǰȻ̶ˣǲ˶ֻۣ㣡
ħ࣬вʣ볷ֻһҪս߸һ˽߸ľ߸ĵԹطԸֻ޽һǽ˹
˽У㷨˷ɱƲ
ɽǿͬȼƵ󣡡
أ㷨Ȼ󣬳Ҳղơ
ֻ￴һۣ˲κûԪһ㽫
ֻӴˮӿתƻ棬ʱڵء
Ϊǧޣɱ٣ƾձ˽ضնɱڣԺͷһ㷨Ҳһ㣬
ȼƵһֻһ̾Ȼ޷
ⷽԹԼʦһʮ֮дϲңңսԶ٣Ϊֶ᷽ηȴͬȣλʦðڴΪƺ󡯣ȻǴ޽ɣҲҪɷ壡ȴֻȣɱؽһ
Թɨʮɣ󺰣һ˳ҲһһȻǳ֣Ҳǲս
⻰˵棬̫ŭգȴƶ㣬˴Ҳ˵⳷Ƚȥɣȴڴ˵󻰣һƤǴ󲻱㹥ɱǽɱȥˣʦ̫սƤԹҿ޸컯ˣ½ҪϣҲˣ
ȼƵ˵ͷ̫ɱȥ
Թһãǿˣ
̫˴ŭֻһɱӿ忪ֱֱɱȥԹʺ
Թˣӭֻһ˦ǵס̫˹ƣսأݱֻԹͻȻһ飡
Ϊ顯Ǵ󱦣̫˲ʶôֻһӿ˹ȥֻ˫ĿʶǲУһϣԹǱɱʺ
Ӽ˴󼱣æɱ
ԹɱǰȻ̫սһ
Թͬ飬һƷڵأ
ˡˡྫӼսĽҲսȦȥԹ
Թŭ޳̣ܲȻ󣡡
Թս࣬ľӿ˵УתͷһִһȻˡྫսһţ
Թǽʵ̫̾һŵӾȻûѺý
ֻһǽһ޼᲻һ˼ˣӣȣ
λ
ֻǾƺű٣һѪڣĶһ㣬ֱֱ᪴ᣡ
̫˵ǰ㣿ɱηɷǣԷλΪƣٷ򣬾ǱȰҪˣ
ȼƵ˱ɱƮɢ󡪡
ɱһţ˵ܶ㿪
䣬ֻؽżصڵϣֻһУ¹ʯԳһ˿ɫ˫ĿֱֱסȼƵˣɱ쫷㴩ɱ
ȼƵƤһعͣóǬȥ
ȼ컯ǧͨǬעѹֻһ
ԷɱǸķֱֱǬߣɱȼƵʺ
ȼƵͫ׷ŴֻסǵУǳһȥ
ȼԶ޵ܣΪ˵ɱ練ƣˣָֻģǾȫҴܣһ䣬·һɾ޴òֱֻܶס
ȼƵĵãֻǣһȣǱ̴Ǭһǿ˺󼸲
ȼƵ˻æסΣɫ԰ףȻһ˿Ѫˣʱ˲˲ˣֻˡ
һǽȻԹһ޴ʮɾƺС
ֻӿٳˣСǱߡȼƽ֤һ򣬶ʱضɽҡХǵϱһѣֻһϢѿʮ࣡
Ի̾ơ
һʮУǱ
νȫû


77 
ձ
ؼغһ蹵, ȻСղסƣȥ
һ£ͷ׷ֹסƣܱ᪰Զ, ȼѽ, Ȼ׷ϡ
ˮ, ӯ, Ȼʮ Ǵȫʤ
̾Ӫסʮɡ
ʮɻԲѣƺɱ̫, ר, ʮؿӦ, Ҳǲԩ
սصӪ㿴, ס
ʣģ
ѵ˵ῴ㣬ȥɱȼ, ̫գȼΪ֮ȺһЩģ·֪أ
һ, ЦĪҪģῴȼƵˣĪֱɱҲǸһ·أս֮ʱ·ס
ˣ½һ˵Ǻ·
˵ǰǷˣԵɺϵýڵ
ԡ˵䲻ߣˣˣ
ĳסһȻȻ
صͷ˿ƣ˵ǰ깫ɱǳɴ˵ģˡ
һĴЦס˵ԭˡԭˡֱֱס˵һԭ㣡
Ѱ깫·д󱦣̫ƻǱѡס˫ۣ˵˫۱ȻǱȥ˰գ
ڣˡ
ͫ׳ػң¶һ˿Ц⣬˵ǵͷؼ㣬˵ǳѰġ
ʧЦƳǸʲӱô
·ǲģãǳ챦رǻĴ󱦣ǴǣҪ䷴ɣĨ־
ЦҪ֣ĻҪ˵ȥ
һЦ˵ǲһͬľͲ˵ȥ˶ʣҽ·ذգ
صͷȷ˵·ȴҲ۲
üʥҲ۲Ҳǲ²⣬Ĵ󱦣ǣֲ类ĻΪϢأַ·ֹδš
һ٣æ˵㽫һã
ؽóʣô
ֻǾһü׼һ΢³һ˿
˵ô˻𡣡
ҲãȻ̽·õס˫ֻ֣ǻһãģ
˿µӿ״ǧһѱСһ㣬·ҪĴ˺ҧֻһ˳ֻ˳һС緲һ㣬ҡҡҷҷֻ
ָһǻˣ˵յô˾֣Ҳ㣬˿𡣡
˼Ƭ̣Ц˵··ܿ˻ȼҲ࣬ˡ
Ƕգ޶ʮδط·ڵȴʣ治ɱ
˵ѳɷ塣΢˵ǽڴˣȻҲǲɱģԪʼͬһɱʮɣȻ޺֮աˣʱҽȻȥ̸Щ
Цˣȴǲģ
䣬ͷбͷһŮӣææ˵Ҫ
æʣŮӣŮӣ
Ǳͨ죬֧֧˵ŮӼΪòǺ·ֻ˵Ҫ
ؽˣ˽һЦ˲ѽ
ظ˵ͼսӪƿֻһ˻æؼˣҲһʣ槼ˣ
ͷħպýһ槼оȲѣȥ
һҲߵ槼紫һ㣬ɫ㣡
ôǴ˵أ
ֲ˻ݡҲƥģòŮӣֻһˣģ
Ī紫һ㣬
ħ˹۲ֻ·֮ˣǿǽΪζһǰ߰գ
槼ϲĵģͨͨ˵أħΪţ
ֻ槼̾һ˵֪³Ƿ̫Ȼ챻ݹƣ
ؾǽĻ
ǣ槼˵ˣɽسң
ʣˣ
ǼЯʳ裬˵ųſ˴̣槼˶٣˵ɽظܱң˾Źѹ
⸸´󽫣£Ȼˣ˵ĲҰġ
ֻЦһʣڳ裿
槼𣺡ɻƷɻȥųأλھܽĻɽˡ
ʣ̫ʦ򣿡
槼ͷ̫ʦȰסֻƷɻٳ裬Ҳǳѹң費ڳ裡
üʣأ
槼̾˿˵һãʯþ١
˵ǰЩʱգʬף·Ĵҩ
һѹ᪶ԭǳ¡þ᱾ܾþʬһ޴ɾˡ
ʣˣ
槼˵̴ĴѰ£ǳ˳ҲȥΪҩգ槼أ˵ˣǽ࣬
΢˵ã˺쳾ֻߣĲҲӲϣҪȱȰգܾȣ˵ãѰ֮أ˺úùӣĪ֮ˣ
槼ͷ׼Ǻá
ؿ˵ҲǣСģĪվʵףĪҪһ񡣡
槼һ¶Ц⣬üºͣ槼õģԸһнԺãˡ
槼ˣϲ˵һ£·
ħĿɿڴ槼ദвҰıǳ֣
鶯ڿֻ˵ҲˣҴΣķɽҳùŹ֣Ȼȥˣ´󽫣᲻òȥ
ħһʣᷥΣ
˵һǣʬױҲӽǷս˻ƣᣬпԹ򣬳˴ӣ
濴˵ã߸ԹĪ£迴ʱҲҪȥ֮λֵܣҪ࣬˴ȥɽأȨ㣬㶨ȻҪúסĪҪʧò
ħ࿴סأĿ΢ϿңҷģĩȻúס˵أκκ֮ǣ
磬ºЦȫˣ
ػ䣬ͷţ
ؿһ¶һ˿Ц⣬˵ʮɴʱ׸ȵὫȻȼƣҲýͷ
شʮȥţȼƷ·Ӧغǳ
񶼹սƣؿȼƳ˸ף֣
ȼƴ˸ףȴǲ˵ֿǼὫʮɴˣ
ȼƴ𣺡ȻۼʮɽԳɷ塣
ضס˵ʮɸд˽٣սʤ޳ˣҲ֡
ȼƱĿ˵ǵסԹˣȻɱˣɲʱ
ȼۿ˵ǰա
ЦһͬһԴλͬһΪβ֮󣿡
ȼƴҽѲɲ֪
ۿȣ̵ͬԴλȣС̡˽̣֣档
ȼƶݣ޷˵ڱι޵̷ϰԣԪʼһִҲڳԪʼµӣ˵ģιⷽԲ̬һ㣬΢̾ϢʮǱн룬ԸԹ
ȼƿأ˵ڴ˽٣޿κΡ
ʣ־ţضΪνнԶ
ѲɵĵͬغһЦ˵ҵͬһͬԳԸȰգ
˵̾ëУԴΪ󣡿ǺΪأؽڶ࣬ȱ̼ΪҰɡս֮ǰŮΪ˳ʥʱεɣʱΪɣԴ̹ţľͷֳأ֣֮ˣĲ˵
ȼƾþóĬĩֻ˵ӦԼʮɹҪ̸
Цֹˣʵ̸лҪ˵
ͷȼƵˣ˵
ȼƵӦǽϷ£һһǷȴһľ׮վǴһع
ֻزһ󣬶ȼƶߣ˫źϣ˵
ȼƾסͫһ󻺻ءر˫ۡ
ʱȻȥֻʮɾ
شߣһ߳ɱʵǵ˵˺£ǵ˷·ľͷƵģ޷Ӧ
ؽһЦܡ
ɱͷԣּóһǽϵã꣬ǰڳǼЯòãΪǶˣ뻹ڵġ
ֻؽ򿪣ḧǽչ֮£⣬ɱֻˣ·ȶǰŴ˽֮ʱˣ
ֻغ¶Ц⣬૿ڣ̫ˡ


78 
槼ⷽ, Ϸȥ
֮ˣרɽֻҹһ·Ϻѻ໲ϣʱʱ, ʱǳӤ, ʱ·, ʱ;, 槼죬ֻеأ˼ƽǾһ, մ˷, Ǳ
ŶϷƶסʥ, ơ졯ءˡʣֱʷˣػũ, ˻ԯũٲݣǧ£ɻʡ槼, ܾˣһ
һ֮ȥҩ˵þʮа˾Ҳ⸽תƵ, ٱͷһᣬ
槼ߣɽ֮ٵתļһɽ뵣ٲ滨ʢɽҰϣ籡ɴڡ
ɺչᣬ槼̤ɽһ˿ңɽëëҩӦƮããһƬ衣
˾׳ȴޱȹ¶˼¶֮ʱڶ¿·Ҳ㣬ͣ½Ų
槼ǿ񣬺Ķһֻͷ죬·н֮
槼ǲ̣æߣֻͷ˴󺰣ڴˣ
ͷꯣȼƵ֮ȥɽǶ·˵ء
ɼԭΣȼƵ˹˴˷
ӣŷ·ڴˣһ˱ǻæߣʶȥ׷
槼ֻźͷ˱ü죬Ҷ㣬ǲɴ໯Ϊԭμٱߣ
ںͷԶԶһһë꣡ʱֻǽƻ׷
Ǻܵü죬һۣȴǹ۲Ӱ
ѰźۼתƬ̣ﻨ㣬ؼ䣬ļһ
ԶԶǶ羫£滨ӵأʯ觾ǣ졣
ֻһµôһۣƮƮִ֮࣬æ񣺡Ȫɽꯣ·˵أô˵Ӷдţ
Ҳ񣺡ؽĸ֮Ů
һ˵Ӿڴ˵ޣ
Цһֻʣôæ׷
һҲǺּ꣬ͯŮæѰֻ˵һҰĺÿ׽ȮˣȻѰҲգ˶٣˵Ҫ£ӣݷã
ͷ꯱Ǵȥ
ͯŮҴҸʣڴ˵أū澿Ǻҡ
Цһ·˰գ
ͯŮ̾ޣȻػͥģĪմȾ
ֻתضҲҪͯŮסֻһԱס
˼ǻһüȥֻǻݸOO@@һǻвˡ
ɽҰڶ࣬żסǻԣԵְ֣ǿǻһ
Ǽһѩ׺ſڻ
̺ʻǺڵֻ֣ǺԲۼˣƤë˳
ԭ׷㣡Цֻ˫ȥǺ꣬ڻǺҲ˳ɰֻ˳ë
ֻڣ·ϲÿɰ
ģס˫ԲۣЦҲߣ׽ҡ
һˣңɺã
ɽرߣֻڵأߴгɱ
ǰȻ׵ħ̸ֺˣ˵ÿס̬
Ǳ߳˽֮£ʧǳȥѰҲϾ˼ս£ʮ뱻һʱֻʣЩսĥ£ɲ˶
ᣬпʥѹ˭˿ۣ
˵Ҳ֣ʮɱʱ¹شԪʼȻŲʣҲæ¡
ͨأعؽǲ
ҲסοδˣδڣκҥԽǼٰϷ
죬ͷ죬ɱͷ׷ϣֻԼ̫׷Ҳ̫Ҳɽ·׸
ǺѪһ˻ءһ󺰣͵һǺѪȻͣ£
ɱҲסͣ£ʡˡһ̤أֻϿһԾǧɣ
ر֮ʱͷ޷ɹϤϢһͣ£׷ȥ̽
һˣ
ֻһһ룬᪷ȥؼæȥ׷ںͷ컯ȵᣡ
ǰͷǻ컯˺æͣ£ͷһء
ʣ㺰¿콲ҪҪ죡
´һɸ߸ߴȴǳ˸ģȻǳͷȴʱǰ㼱꣬Цȥ᪾ʦ
컯ʣã
˵ᵱȻãʦ棬ɱȻǱܣ
컯󾪣潫һʹ죬˫Ŀأòǰһᣬֹʣǵõˣ컯裬ȵʦˣ
ЦȼƵˣ
컯æʣˣ
˵ȥѳɷ塣
Ŷ컯ʦ·ˣɷҲҪ֮£ϲ쳾εۻң˵±á
Ҳɵһ㶣û˻£˿컯ӿһǷװӰϷǺ«ɶģ컯ס͵㺰ỹȥʦأл˵
ؿһ˵㸸Ʒɻڽɱ棬ſ˵ãм˼ıҪڳ
컯һˣһԴȥ
컯˵꣬ҲطӦȻɱȥ˳򣬳һڵ㡣
̾Լûָ·أ
룬컯Ȼڷˣùˣóģ
ط£ƥɱסһ棬Ц߰ɣһˣͷӬҴܣָ·
ɽʱ֮ǰȻܵ߰գ
ɽ϶̹ؿأͽ˾Źش˹ؿ㡾ְأ϶˿
ܱѣԼҳǲͬ
صɽ֮ʱµգŨʱ
ؿǳŽգͷл⣬زǻŵһʱҲ
˺󼸲ع۲촧Ħһֻżզæܣ
ֻһʯӼ켫ֻǼڵϣʱҳһӣ
ʯӴæסɱæܣʯӷһ͵ϮӢۺú
ǷŮӽȵúŹ
Ůӻ䣬ֻз缱ٷգСδбйǻæһ㣬ֽʯæǷһǼһվǰ
ԶԶȥֻ˹ڳſڹ˳࣬ʱһŷ˺ÿ·֮ˣȣһ̬ȣɣ
ֺȵ˺ˣҹڴˣ
¿һЦǵ˾Ź֮Ů񣿡
һæʣã
һ񣬵ŵ˾Ź֮ŮòӢˬò˲²⡣
ͨ죬֣ȴ컬࣬챨
ʮƣúý˿һȴ·ֻ˵أɽسң󣡡
أŴ󾪣æִ𱦽ȵˣɽػ㻹Ҫ
ǽæһ㣬ȴֻ͵ңĪҪᣡ
ʯκβҲֻ㣬ʱᣬ޵ḸڳڱЮ֣ˣ´󽫣췴ָʹӳ׷ϣ㣡Ҳ
ͷǣ֪ôģ·Բͨ϶ˣ˵Ҳǲ
ؽסֻ˫ֶ򣬺ĳס˫֣һѽƷһ˵ˡһ߽˫ãϣ
ǵϣֽŽǱһ˻·ҪƷڵأֻó۸һŮúǴڴˣȻҪ㽵
һЦס˵ҿɲţ䣬ɽסңʤδ֣ԣ
񳰵˵󻰣ڴ˵زԶʱҪÿ
ԭˣѾˡ
ɱԣĶסǵ񣬳ؽ飺˿ɷ¶ס죿
ԴŭҪɱҪϤ㣡ʹֶξ硭
δ˵꣬ֻؽһ㣬ֹ࣬ضЦ˴˵֮Ҫб
ɫǺ죬κβ
طֻɱ˵߰գ
ɱһ㶣ʣȥģ
һˣȻҪȥѰ
ѰȥѧƬ̱ǼǾӪ
ֻ֮ӭ裬룬䣬Ӫǰűεʣˣ
Ц󣡡


79 
űɽ֮, Ĳкڷȡһ£ּֽű󣬱²ϣʱŭ, õȵӣ
Ǿ, һűǱ, Ȼõͷ
ű, ռأĽǿɲɶʹҥ, ֻԸ, ǳ, ݵ
ɽűֻίҼҽЮɽڣȳ, ϲսǧֱܣ
ű, ֻ񣺡Ȼ
ű䣬ֻ, أǴЦˣ
񣺡
ϽЦǻȴ֪˿죡
˵´󽫣£ȻҪġ
ػͷǵ⿪ֽ֮˵ŮӪ
ĩ˽ԳӪ𷣣
üΪΣ
޵ḸȻЮգĩȥȣ
ʣᱻأ
һۣŭֻ˵ĩżΪӣǳ֡
ȶҥԣ»ã
ǵֻ˵˹ﲻᣬǳֵģڵзǰˡػϣֻ֣Ŷе¡
ݣأǲǰҰġϲòºҲǺ֮ǷйأԲšŵȷԼȣڴǰڣֱ죬Ҳĥĥֻ񣺡ĩȣã᲻ã
Цȡ
ƳǵֻǲȥźóɱλʣĻᷴ
˵ؽ˵
Խʣãɢң̱㵹Ȼδ£Ϊս·
Ѱһ£˵Ǻ׷һ򶷣㲻Բǳıڷռɽأ
üʵˣ
ŭ깫
һʣʱ֮£
ʮ֮ǰ
һ깫Ȼû
ɱһΣ׷룬ΪˣҲһͬ޷óȻ컯¹ʯǲ뵽Ȼ
ǿ˫ۣᵱ
ؼˣ깫Ļ⣬ҲɱΣĪҪ𡣡
һͫӳůƣֻ˵ͷڴҰģͼı죬ã
ЦãţǵҲǼٰϷҴ˾ϲ⣬޲۴Ļ̻̲źã
һЦǿ˵ȻǲŵģҰģգ⣬ǳˣ˵һãǾţʺϵӣΪһҲԸġ
һЦ˵˵ɵķ·Ϳˣ
ҡͷԽԽҲԸֻ·ԽԽԶˡ
ؽЦ⣬ҡҷεӰӰǴԱϸ̳ıԱ飬غ꣬һ꣬żŶƻӰϳվʯһԣվӰΨһܿ
ʱ꣬·統ǰ㣬
濴ʣǾ̫ˣ
𣬺Цؾأ
䣬ͷбæҷˣ
æʣ𣿡
Ǳ˵˰컹Ȼ˱ǳȥˣ
һ⽥ȼ𣬱ư֯Ȼ
æȥס˵Ǳ߻̫СȥȰգ
æ˵𣡴ҷſ
ֻһŤǳǻ
æ׷ȥ
̱ͰȥȻһȥҹϯƬ̱Ͱ籭ˮ˿ǻƣ
ưæͷ󺹣ļһ˳ֿȭǻưæ󺰣ĪҪ
˷·ɵˣ˿Ȱ·Ҷһ㣬ǻӿˣзˮް㣬ֻϯȥ
λȻС˲һ㣬ǴƬ̣סֻڻУ˫һǻһצ
ӿˣȻϨ
Ŀɿڴ
ԶæŴ󺰣أ
ֻ˻תưһϲ
ڱһǻȻλλҰĵ
ĽǼɽصĽֻ˵
˵ޱȣɱһֻŸɽɱǳײ֮Ѫһءɻ꣡ԭΪǸͷ۵ˣʱһĹӣ
Īǲλ
һΣλʦ˰
ֻưֻܺ񣺡󽫾
ưܼ˫ĿЩᣬ·˿Ŷ裬ֻ˵
¿һ˿վǻǰ󣬼ʹ޵иһΣ
˵꣬־ŷ·˵ˣӣػصĩģʵãĩ޵ÿ˻𣬷ĩʧŲͣȻ˵ãעЩġ
̬ãֻգʧݣ˵аڣݲΪս
˵ĩֿ֡˿ݣưܣΪλ𣿿ɲԵɣ
ưҡͷΪȽǺܣǣҲ֪ˣڲ
صͷ˵Σ
˵Ȼǳڼ飬ҴӪصͰĽư˵㾡ڼҪ磡
ưȥ죬һӪ˼Ƭ̣˵չǣؾΣ
˵繥ã˾ŹЮ֡˶٣üֻ벻ףᷴ
գ̱սɽء
콫ѹѹһƬսĴʿ졣
ء潫ưܣ˾Ź֮Ůɽսս
սֻڳ£ңң󺰣أս
ͷбս
ֺŲսսҪң˱Ҫÿ
Ǳƻֺ꣬˵أľսǺͷ˾ǱֻԥƬ̣ǻȥ档
յ蹦򣬺ǴҴ˳ǽ֮ϡ
ԶԶ±һڳǽ֮£ͷֱֱס
Ƥһ̼·Ͳ죬ֻңң±ˣǳ⣺˵Եɣ
͵һֻ·ߴ˫˶Ƭ̺ųΪҪ˵Եɣ
˵ģЧЧ
ЦһЧȥЧ
˻һǻȻưǰۼ
סؿƬ̣ЦһǲŪ֮˺ŪҰˣǼٵģ
⻰һ۷׷ףֻס侲ʣҳ췴ԵɣԵΪΣ
Ц᱾˳ȥ 뷴㷴ɽغãֵǸŵ˾ŹζԿ࣬Ŵһ⣬Ե㿴Σ
⸱Ƿģֻŭһս̻ΪԵɣ
Цֻؿסγ󵶴󺰣Ὣס˺棬㻹Ҽװ
һЦ¥ϣҲ˵˻һǴΣ㶨ȻҪ꣡
΢ֻ˵ȥ
Ҫ£Ա߱һ˽סյ
ǵ˵ȥȻ޻أá
˼Ƭ̣ǵ˵ƶһ׼
Ƭ̣յֻ˵˵Ҫˡ
ǵЦзˣȻһʧ
ؼ첻һ̷ˣݹŹ֣Ծ£
ǵһЦ⣬˫Ŀ˼ֻͫòףЦ䣬̵ֵ


80 
Ҳ˸, ʣֿҽؽ֮ˣ
Цƶţڽ޵
ҲЦͬΪؽ̣ΪҪ򣿡
˵ǵսƶӦԣǵձ, 㲻ñˣ
ɽҴ̹ؿ, ˹ռü, ʣֱ帣֮, ΪҪ쳾ˮ
ЦҲ쳾ľʲã޵ҲãǽԵں쳾ſ, Զһɲúã
һ, ʣƶ, ˵Ҳ쳾ֺβһ
ۻһ˿죬¶ɫ, ͫӳģĴЦ˵ַâ̫, ȥã
Ƿ仰ϣһᦣһƬ԰ףƽƽ, ͷŤ֣ʶ
ֻǷͻȻһ˦
ؼ˦ȥ
սڱֻǷԶԶ˦˦ᦣȥᦾ㳾Ҳᦾɳᦿŷ·СƵģ䱸ȴǲҽǷȥ
ضļ죬ֻԶԶ˵ãƶ˵ȳˣ
ֻּֽֽֽͷҲŤŤдŲʶָ֣мסָֽһֽ絶ƬָֻһצǽֽгǧƬ
ǧƬתֻΪģĳϮȥ
ؽһΣֻֽƬɨȥ
˾٣ЦֻֽƬת˸򣬾ǳ̾Ϯȥ
شȫ
̾ڴ֮УƲҲǷֽ絶쵲
ֽεϸ飬ǧƬֻ޲ɱȥ綹һ֮Ѫ죡
ؼһƬҺֽȻɽȺǷȥգȻҲҪ꼰
ֻȥֻȥֽε飬þ
תͷһֻǷǧֽУޱȣһЦ⣬ֻᦺԾ𣬶׼

ڶԸֽ˿ܷǷ䣬ֻһ󺰣תͷһᦣЦǰ
ֻһ˦ǰһڣǻƯԵڵأ
شŭֻȥ
ֻ̱ʺȴŲæ㲻ӣЦⲻֻǻ˯ѵǰ
һĿ¶סأԳЦ⡣
ؼҪٷ֮һϢҪʺд󼱣ƣҪ֮ǰס
Ҫ£
һ̣ƺ鼱֮ʱᱬ˾̾
Ƿ䣬Ȼокѹѹ壬ֻһɾ޴͵һƣһߺ˼һᣬնֱֱڳǽ֮ϣ
ǧֽ׷ﻺ£̱˲һǧѪȳ죬ǰЮ֣Բѡ
亹ֱҲͬƣ
Ų֪ıǣ·Ͱ㣬һָǷ䣡
ЮסһԻЦȫޣ䱸סء
֣У㻹ǲҪúá
˵
Ƿ˵ɵֿڣΪʡ
ػϣ㽫һգֻվ־ܡ
ɽ䱸ֻԶԶֻóᦣ볯һҡؿڣĪҪᦲջǣղҵġ
أȻһ˻ǣձɼҪս֮ϣղð˼Ƭ̣㽫ֻ󺰣
һһ
ؼȻǻʮа˾ŵġ
˵ֻңɲ壬ǻУ㲻ڲң
һףЦˣ
ֻǷֽһҡ
һҪأŭ󵨣
ΪʽסҪɱ󲻴󵨣
򴽴ޣذصġ̶ֳһ滹Ӵ
һؿס˵Ⱥסǡ
˵꣬Ȼãŷſȥ
ԶԶػһֻۣһϢǱ˴ϳڡ
ȭͷգ޵ҧгݣһ԰οĪҪļ˵Ȼа취ġ
ˡ˵´׸
һ˵ȵȲ̥Щġ
ǰ˵
˽شسڣкþƺȺţͷסһˣǻ塣
ƣ˵뵱⸸δ֮ʱһ£ȷǸ˲ţ̶ʱգǽһؿĳһѰ֡
䶢Ƭ̣һҪ飿׼
˵˲Сƶʵģѣ
һ˵ʮҲѲˣ
صͷһֻһӲأͷǰӴһ˵Ǹˣǵ񲻴˵Ҫô
ҪԸȥ׼ˣɫʯ治ǺܵģȾưգ
ҲֻȾƣŵѰӰѵŪֲźá
һ·ϳĬʣҪ˵
һۣ˵Ž˺Ƽ棬ֲʶкλ˵
⻰һ£˵ֻȾƳ⡣
Ƿһزˣأ˵ýƶأ
һţ˵ȥԿأ
ڣ˷ͬСɣ񣬲ɶϷסƶ룬ɱ˲źã
˻Ȼŭﳶ˳ۣüŪۣС۵
һЦǵһãƤ֮ãܷŹ
ã
һЦ˵ֲǲôȽ͵͵ں⣬һֹ˳ûܣҲֿۣ
˵ãýֻڷУ塣
նǷ䣬ı顣
ֻźһرĿԸЦ㶨ȻҾ̫أȥ
᲻ҲŲƳǺҲԸŲʣԸҲԸΨгźá
ͷٺЦ˼ŻǷ벻ǼβͣպֻƾģָҪѵɼҹ
һԼ㻹Цú㲻ұ㲻ɽûȤˣúܣƶвףµڴˣ
һģ˵ɱҲɱˣµ䣿οģǿ
ҹȥӪձﲹȻ˫δ򶷵ģ䱾ԳԱ֮һսǰ֣غķųѹŵսսѹʥһ˵
뷨ͷ˼ͷȻ˸
ɱĿᣬݱޱȡ
˷˽˺˵ǰ˵ſ㲻ԣǲθڣЩ
һԵģڷ⸸ϲҲ㣬ȴóëϣرۿ
ǺģͻȻ˺һ·һסϢƬ̺ʣлҪ˵
˵˵깫ıռɽأд£
һޣ˵ȷд£깫
ֿ˵깫Ȼ˵ȥɱģƣ𣿡
޵ѵ𣿣
˵Ȼǣ깫ЧҴ˽˶ԹϻɱѣȻҰգ
죬˵Ҳ㣬ȻΪѣ˵ŭĲã
ƽֻĲ
һ㶣ͨ죬ʣã
˵Ю˾ŹռɽأҪɽ˵
յռɽأҶ棬⸸һ˰֣
ز˵Ҵ㿴֪˾Ź˴壬ܣɽأ˻
ֿɽΪʼ㣬һռ̣°ˣа
ЦǵÿΣŶԣֻҪɱǹèǺˣأĿ⾼ֻ˵Ψһ˿ɵǹУ
Զԣ˵ġǻˣ˫֮һ룬ˡ
˵ҿɲ뵱ʲӣңúܣЪЪɣ±껹ü
һ˵˭ѽ㲻Ǹˣ
޷˵ֻñĿ
˵㰮Եģԣ
ҼˮҲδһΣҴȥˣҪ߲
˵һɲֻ˵㶨ȻǲԸ˿ԣʳ᲻㣬˯ˡ
ͷɸֵԸСȣһ˵ƽСŵͦķ·ɵһ㣿˳ԸףĲӲģ̬ȣѽСĸˣ⻹տ˻أǹһµģҪȫȫ˳ˣУҶȻҪ̽
һԷֻԸȫϱߣϲǺΣҲ֪գȷǣ̾һҲûԵںδ治ڴ˺ˣ


81 
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, ϿʳֺδڱĿ񣬱㼱Ƕһ죿
ֻ˵Ṧ죬ؽʳ
Ȼֻ, ֻίҪԵɣҲûġ
һ, ˵ס, ĳԣ
һԼ, ң
ȥֻšءһ򿪣˽޿̣Ŷ, ˽, ӱˣ
һԼæͣƶ, ƶֻأ
˫ֺã㲻ιôƽɶãĳ˻ƻˣ
һӦͣǣɽ⣬ƶΣӣ
ɫǺ, ǰӰһһȥ, æһ㣬һɫһĪҪѪˣӲɶ
ԴЦֵѽ, Ҳнհ֣ǲ
Ƿ伱ƶ
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Юס䣬عͷֻĿɿڴֻס
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غǺ·仯һű˱飬ֻ˵ǸỹΪУñǣ
𻰣ֽм裬һʱˣԷģǷȻֽϮ
ֽϢҲ֪ԺΪУǺ
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Ѹһ, һ·Ѫ䣬ѪȺģ, һ·ѰѪ׷ȥ
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˻ǣ׻ǲЩģؿ컯󡣡ŮЦ嵱ģȴǲȱ󣬲زǣ񶵶תת㣬ֻأƤҲֳһڣѪ⡢ᵱʧ֣Σ
գᣬЦлӣ߷·л㡣
Ȼǵģܸ֪޵߽ǿۣ֮ڱ𴦻ţŪˡ
ŮЦɽأСֲͷ⿪סԣۿͷһǣڣᰮģ
ؾһæƿ
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ز, ź, ŮȻĿ, ͬˣֻա
߳⣬ȻеüԶ, ʱһڣɫѰ
˵ز֪η̧, ǳ
˫һ ڲ黮磬ǬѰǵ
һȴڵʱ, ϣɽز²źá
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زǺˣҲ̽ǳȻΪ֮ϡ
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ŶһӶڵϣؿ˵ټ㡣
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ؼὫ죬컯ͷֻǰִսз
ʱ໥ź
컯󽼣СϽҪſḸһ֮𣡡
󽼴ŭ컯㿴ңձ㳢ҵ
컯Ц󳰣췴㣡ǣ궫³㣬ɽ㣬ճٲ㣡ôһ̫ӣҲƷ˵£㣬ҪҡҪТТҪ壬޹޼޾˵ҿ㣬ʴ˵˭˿㣿㻹
Դŭֻ۽ҡ󺰣ձҪ˺죡
컯ͣæĪаһǳɱȥ
޵꣬ȵϻ컯СɽҰɱǵʮغϣǳ˰࣬Ǵ˫Ǳκ㣬ֻñѹƣ
̧ȥ컯⣬иǷߺޣֻóӡǻ컯ȥһ컯Ī᲻֣ң
󽼻ϣ컯ıѹƵһΣոëȻֻһӡңңӡСһңֻȴεشɽһ㣬Ȼѹ
Ʊ޿ɱܣ
ֻͫŶߺн֮զӡһ٣ǱһƷڵأ
ֻ¡һ죬ǷӡڵϽǵҳһѺۣ
Ͽշ£սУǷӡϸƣ˵ӵķӡá
˫սĽһˣǽס̧Ȼʶ

أˣ
ˣ
˫ʶֻǶݣὫͷֻ˼֡
ۻ컯ʣսΣ
컯ҧгݣŷ˶࣬Ȼƺӱˣƺӱǳ裡
Ǳ󽼼סӡֻɱҷӡ
ؿҲֻ곯һɨֻͽ˦
æ󽼽ס
鲻ʶأӡսغսнˣ
ǣһȥһ飬Ϣأǵõʵʵʮ˾ò컯һ߸ߴһϮ£·ͬ죬ָסһ죬ƷǴ󱦡
أ
ҲǱ̫ɽ飡鶢ס˵ǵõ֮ʿ֮أ
ԴЦ㲻ͬ˴ս˼սǴ׷սȻǱΣǿѣ㵱Ҳܴݶ꣬˵߱߱˵߱߱ٹȴ·˼ӣͬ߸һ㣿ѿǿͷΣ
鱻һ˵ͨ죬ֻҷʦɽ󣬱ɽ֮кβɣ㣬ȴǲ˵·Īаħ
ͷЦĴһ̤һڽʿ
ʮ㣬עȷҽڳһȣһ𣬽ǽס
ֻشڣأҾҹ죬츣񣬿ǣ
ⷽбȽǿ
ؿס飬˵ȲΪҲ캦ΪΪ񡭡Գһ˿࣬һ˭˽㣬аħ
鱻ȵü˺ƿԣشȣΪаԸа
ֻЦЦ˵ң޸޾Ӳ츣գ˼ˣˣ
ԴЦⷽͬᣬҲ˽ᣬǰֵͨ
ͨ죬˵ʦᣬսȥ츣գ
һ˵ʦྫӣ
æʣϵã
ףȻϵã°ܽϵã
ŭԲѣ
˵޵֮˶òᣬع䲻һ㣬˵ͣʦ£
ֻ̾ԲѣаʤˣʦΪΪԸΪаǰУʦǱʱڶޣǣ
һʦûĪǴԷ飬ʦҲ˵аʤ˥ѲɣԸΪаΪ󣿣
ֻȫ߸Ϣȣֻһȣ˵ƾս


85 
ˮ, ֻһҡʱ壬̰, ֻ׼Ϯȥ
ضס, Ϊֺһ, , ֻƴ󿪣һܣϮǱʵʵס
ֻԻס, ر, Ƴɱȥ
, ǽ˲Ϣʺȥֻ, ֻˮ콫һ
ˮǴ󱦣ྫƽҲ᲻öãȴǸ, 츳⼸ѧҲһǧؿǽ, ȴؼݣ̩ɽѹ
һȴǵסˮճƤѪݺһ̣ˮ죬ؿڡ
顪ό󺰡
ֻ鱻һֱֱ̣ϱ˦ȥ˼ʮɡѹλֹסƣ
ؿڣһʹ˵˰£ǽʵ̫ͣƣ˿̱Ǹ£Ҳͽһʬף
ųؽ鱻ɱڵأǹƣޱȣˮް㣬ɱľ
ֻһվ˸ͷǽȴҲҹȥ
ؿɲվڸ˹͵ģոסͷסϢرӳǧУ쫷ɱ
ųش˸ҵҲ˿ɵֻһ˫Ŀס飬ֻٳϮȥ
㲻ۼҪɱʺͷɬֻһǼһ
Ǿ棬һΪڣһΪף棬Ƕ󱦣
ؼǾһ֪
ֻǾһתԳ棬ȴݵֻһСͷһȣһ㣬ԾԾ鱳زýסʺ
ʮ֮ˣЩ
ֿŰݣ·ֻһ֣㽫ֱۣж
۵ôһסңң׹£ָֻһУǾ֡
ԺӡЮס飬Ц⾵ˡ
ŭֻǻκЮ֣Ҷԣһ˸ȣֻߡ
ؽһ˦Ƿϡ
סͷ­ֻ
ض˹ڣ𣿡
˵
ҧгݣֽǰֻҧһѪǽޣ
ͷ­סһ˿Ҳܶ
һסзһ󽫣ңʿǣؽһӣ컯סá
ʱųһΨһõó֣ҲԲִֻ󺰣ʿǣǰһɱ
ػ䣬սõøңʿ
ֻｫǰںӭ죬սĻһԾޣſѪڣͷ·һڱ̳Գ
󽼼æ֯ˣǳǵУһ·ϱɱùǺ
ųشǱ˳ƺӱߣʱȴһ·ʬǡͬȣԭ·
ſǰסǰɥ㣬ǹڣƨɰʣŹغɱ
£ſ
ֻ˸Ӣһµգ˵֪ظȣ鱻ܣǰܱ
ſһæǽȥ
һǱɱüģסأ˵̫ɱɣȥ
ӢȰҵסȥս
ſ˵зȥ֮ڴˣȥȥΣգ
ſϣޣҪȥǱ˺ס
ǧĪȥȻ
Ӣһֻ裬æסſֻסһˣʣ裬˵
ſҲ˵᲻ȥ裬ǼҪɱһɶȹ̫ͣҲã
һֻסأһ˫ֻۣӳģ
ԭһſ˵ȿţԵ
ǸӢɿ˵գ
ֻųسһָɱڣ
䣬һ紵ţغһʿǺУͷתս˻У
æסͣ
ǰֻӽ忪ϯǺһɢ
Ƭ̺ųسųǰųؽѽԶӽȥŽգǽϷס
˺
һ£컯Ƽֵܣֻ˺
ͷǽ֮ϣңңſ
ſһֻд𻰣Һ£
ضһſøߴͣɱ֮òֻʣŽТУķˣ
ӣǰݴͣȴǶ𱨣
ſŭԴĿɼǰʮĸкιȥ˺˼ҳڳγ쵳˺ԹȴĸĸŪʬײȫ
һ˵̫ʦ󽫣й֮½֪֮£ˣĪСƭ
ӢУŭǽʥĸ֮ͽ룡Ƕͷĸͷ­ʬ̫ʦѰѰȥм٣
Ӣ޵ҷ򸾶ˣȴȣս£ڳȴһȻйȲҪгУΪˣ
üֻô¹Ź֣ң̫ʦȻ£ԸôƫƫǻϻƷɻ
ز˵أ²¶ֻۣص
ſŭѲɼɱˣСǰɱ˫ۣм٣㲻бˣ
ӢҲ󺰣ذգǽһʱս
Ӣսһң˾ս̬
ںͷ˵úã񽫾㣬ȱȻҪ
ſʵֻͷ˵˲ò࣬ǰͣһ㣬᲻ǰ¡
һֻ֣˵ˣһ֡
Ӣ󾪣˵ã
ͷ˵Ű˰գ𳥱Ҫ
ص˴Ӫ顢»㽫ս»ǳʳӪʣԴصˡ
컯һͬʣƷɻڴϣϣɫ԰ףһϢ
ҩɾصһҩ컯˵չ㸸ףˣҡ
컯ӹҩһۣϿҵл
ػʣ½ѹͷüͷ
ҩһ½ѹ˵
æл֣ҩƣѰ֣ȳм֮ġ
½ѹЦᲢ˵޴ҩֻ㣬һ˺᲻㣬Ҫá
һֻ½ѹ˵ڸϢ֮ˡ
æ˵ȥģ
½ѹ˵˳ӦȻȥѰԵ
üҪȥ᪣
½ѹ᪣˵ҲǶԵġ
½ѹһۣ˵ʥ˽˳Ӧſɳʥǡ
һ½ѹסꡯһʣһ
ҡͷǰȷ᪣Ҵκδ
½ѹЦݹ۴֣ˣһʱһʱǧǺ
һ½ѹ˵ûǺ۴ֻ֣һһ
½ѹס˰Σü·㡭ܾš˼Ƭ̣ǵòֻ˵ˣڴӪҲ޷
Ц㣬ɱǣȰܳȥ޵ˣ
֣غһ䣬½ѹ˵ǻߵӰ١Ϣȫˡ
̾һ䣬ֻ½ѹʮѰ죬ȶֲ֣˺á
ضһȣһЦֻһͯŪ𡪡
½ѹô˵ɱǡɱˣ
ͷƤ飬ֻͷһһ߰Ůۣ鳰ŪüЦ
ض£ƽӣһ̽ӣ
ŮüһЦʣģ·С˼֣
Ů˵һڣˣȻġ
濴˵ӴƣԼˣرȻӿȪ౨
ŮһЦס˫ֻۣЦֵּ˵޴ȥң
ֿ˿ͷ϶ܴʮֻʣӵţ
Ůʵ棬ǰֻȤζĴսҪȥ׽ŪؼսӰæһһʱڰϿһ
ŮЦַ·᣿
ŵĺԣֻˣȷʵЩ۵ģ˵һ𡪡
ĪҪ׽ŪˣŮ洣
ؾһֻƿӪʣ˽
زү
תͷһֻŮЦЦؾ˵òһŮ
ŮӦһЦ㾪ȣ
˵ŮﲻǸø߸ϡ塢ôģ䵽½ѹ۸
ֻסͨ죬ʣү
ͨͷ˵Ů洡
ͨɲţֻ߹ȥ˵ŮαƽŮͯԣĪģ˥ڣ㲻Ƿ
ͨ컰䣬Ӫʺıƿֻ컯ææصˣһ㶣һ
컯ָסأĿࣺ㣡ȻиŮˣ
ǻ컯ԣƬ̴ͣŮһת¶һ˿Ц⡣
һͷֻŮٶȼ죬ſϣаСԴߣῴס컯ڣÿ£
Ƴһͨ죬Ű겻ʥҲĪ鴤һ˲


86 
ضڵ, ߱Ů洣Ավͨ죬һʱĪĬ
컯ŹŹֹֿһۣǲϵͨ죬ͨδųѹ, Ǻαװһ, ѹסΪ, 컯Ϊ, ǲ
ʣ£㸸ˣ
컯׻Žӵ鱨Сӱſˣ
һüȻ󽫾ս, ɥ, ս
컯Ǻãò°ɣ
˵ſҪ̫ʦ, 飬㣬δɱ, £ȶȻҪ
컯̫ţֻ˵ȷȶȻ, 鲻սˣſǽؽ̣ǲ̣ŲҲأ
ͨһۣޱ, ֻ˵Ƕǣò飬ĪҪż㸸ʳ£׳˺£ſǷˣ
컯ǵģذƬ̣ǲȥ
ߺŮ洲Ŵر£εĪҪ׽Ūˣ
ŮЦ׽Ū㰡֣סߣȻҪݣúʣͨ˵ǰ裬úʣǱ֮ǰԶӻУĺڳˣŪ翴һۣ첻ֵۣزǽŮиֵͬܡŮͨһۣ˵ӴŮǧ̤ǧɽˮѰ㣬ȴǼٻãһ֮֮ϣһ㣡˵⸺ĺŮ
ֻ˵ʵɻ˵˵װֶŮơ
áŮ˵˵̫ס
Ȱ˼䣬Ů洽ͷŤһԣٿġۡһ
ǿִּ죬һޣөʯǧɱ顢»ǽһ۾
˱Ϊ£ľккͯޣһ㺧ˣ˽ִܹ
˽ʣһֻһŮסȣίޡ
Ƽһվһˣݸ䣬·𲻽̬
Сһ⣬̽źˡǣ
ŮǴһǿʮ㣬ֱѺһֻŮίĪҪŮһԹԵġ
һ䣬Ŀɿڴ벻ᣬиôŮˣ
ͬ˺һֻۣʵˣŮ
صͷŮһֻۣЦõ⣬ֻ̾˿˵ǵģ˾˸Щ£Ȼȥգ
ߺŮ洼ҧгݣֻϰƽӣЦĪҪ᲻ڴ˴ˣΪ£ָ㡣
ؿͨ죬ֻʣŮ˵·Ҳã
ͨһŮ洿һۣЦͨͬΪʥˣøࣿҲ²һ
յơͨ΢ͻȻڡ
Ů洼ڣв졣
ü˵˾һյ鹬һյɽһյү죿
ͨ쿴סҡͷ˵ϱ޵ƣԭֻеƣǵǳԻ磬ʦһһƣǵΪ컯ǵΪơ
컯ʦϵεƹȡ⣬ػ˵ƣ˺ĽǵϨֻһյƣˮˮͷͣһл𣬿ǬһĶأǴ˵ơ
ŮһЦẰֻȥ½ѹˣ½ѹڻ֮䣬֮֮飬δ֮ǰһʱѳƣʮо㼴ΪҲѹס
ͷǣȫλʥ˵··ң֮˰أʹҲʵɻʵģŮ˵ǳ֣֮Ȼֻذգ
Ů洿ͨһֵֻۣʱúÿģ˸ˣȴˣҲֻأǴβͷһˣвȱĪҪᡣ
ͨĬƬ̣˵ãȥһɺã
ֻ΢үҲˣ᲻ȥ·Ҳʵ·˵֮£үĪҪǴҽؽ̣үȥ飬ǲúá
ͨ΢ֻ˵ؾŲʵֻֻض̥޴˼䡣лԵҪġ
Цү·̾ϢүǴã벻𣬽ްġ
Ůͨһֻۣһԣ˵ˣ֣ͨιȥأȴǺУ
ֻͨ˵ĴӽڣιҪ֮£˼ѳս߲Ҫ
Ů洡һסͨ죺ĪҪڴ˵زˣǶ鷳̫ϾԪʼҪ㣬һȻҪ֮ٱҿ٣ȼڴˣȻΪҪ֣
ͨƳŮ洣ؿͨ·˵㲻
Ů洺һֻ˵᱾޴ΪҪΪȵ˶Ѳֻ޽ŮԳһ˿⣺һΪʥˣΪ֧أȴﾡãҪᱳźãˣٵʥˡأѲ½ѹűˣ
ͨѹסü۱䣬ֻ˵˽٣ߣǳûһۣŭ׼ˣǴμ㣬ǶɱģʥˣȣΪĿĲֶΣ
һѹǻ׼˻֣ͣΪŹԭͨһֱסոι˵ῴסԭΪǰ֮˵
Ů洺Ȼ򣺡ԭǲһţ׼ǰòȻȴȻˣȵӲ־Ӻһ㣬ǿгνġ񡯣ȴǲ֪ԽԽ࣬켺ȻԤǵƣرȻһ԰ʱǶ}ϣѹƲסԶŴҲǣʱҪ׼Ըȥô
ֻͨ䶢סգ˵Ҳȵʧƣʥˣֿ֧ʱ
ͨ컰䣬ֻ㣬һڤڤз·ʮãã촫ǵޱȣ·ңԶδ꣬ĴƬ̣ͨŮ˵£ȻһҲˡ
Ҳ֪˶ãüĺһʹʱֻͨסüģǿʣˣ
ŮҲתͷغͷɬúų˵ү·𿴼ңԶδʥˣؽ˥ܡֻʣǡ
Ůͨһϣ˽ʥˣش˻һڤڤ֪ŮסգֻֽǱϸס˫ۣڣ˻ĪҪ˵ˡ
ͨüͷ壬ֻɫ԰ףһϣڵȥ
ա


87 
ϲʮֹԾ, ú齵ת˷ǲʮȥ϶һأ˼, Ӳʩ, ء
ɽش˴ø, մ˴, ϶ΨΨŵŵǳ˺棬Ҳ档
϶ʮͬʮųعǰ, ǳǳŻƺӵһ, , ϲ£ȴƲǴ
ȥɽ֮ʱû, ǻһ·˳
ʱųȴǲ˵ġ
ͷס, ػϣΪͳ˧Ҳֻڴˣֻͨʹ״
ʣų, ǰǹսƣųޣǰлȻܰȣڲգ
ʹ֧֧Ƭ̣˵ھӪߴӡˡ
һӣӣ
ʹִֻ̿ǰЩӣӴŮѰЩǱŮתƣʱʱӰŮȥĶˣǴȥգ
˵ĿܣӲ£
ʹֻͷ£˵ֻǵĪǱ˸ƭˣ
ʹĵȷпܣǴһԲ̫ˣǺ˵ƯƯȴһ˿ƣʹĬĬ̾һǧҪô£ȻҪѡ
ʹбƭʱڻƺӱ
ƭ˵ĴСŮһָ㡣
ƣҰ޺ӹֱܲҿ
λʥָ㣬޷ǴɣΪ׺ʥϤĽ̵ã̶̼գΪѳ޽ɡ
Ůһףֹ治һ㣬ȵ꣬ǵȺõأΪҲǵüȴǷ伸գǳࡣ
лָ㡣
Ůü˵⻰ȴ˵ñİѧͨһ
ͨƳŮһۣ˵ֲȻһͨ컺ۣرΪߵġ
Ů洷һֻۣ˵֣ᣬҪɺȥô᲻õ
ȷҪȥ裬ջƷɻֻ˵ǵ£ʵ֣ſ֮ĸʬף̫ʦѰ
ſˣ̫ʦҪսģȴĪˡ
ǻܣز֮£ȼˣڳʵ֮˵ǰİˡ
رסŮ洣ͨںͷ˲һϢǶ˺ӡ
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ͨ콫˳סأҲš
һֵɡ
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ͨü˵ѰˣȴǽǿȣѲαװȱݣ
һֻǶָָ㡣
һһУضֻǸ˵СĪ
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˳СͣȻ֮ǰȱ޻Լ
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İŮӣɻ顭
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ŮرϹЦյҪֵ߽ԵɣЦ
ŮЦ᲻뿴ҵĺõϲЩʥ̲סȳˮȵĪҪһĪҪ㰥
һͨ޿̣Ů洣Ҫһ㣡
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һ˵̫ʦ
߽ͨţֻһſֺĴԣһ㷢һ
ֱָֻͨгֻڿһȼΪҽ
˰ɱ١ͨһ䣺أִ²˭
ؽһƣֻī룬ſڵϣ˽ƣͨǽס
īޣͨڿ֪Ȥֻһֻſڵء
عȥ鷺룬϶εδˮݼմϼ˿˷ɢĳζ
ˡͨ˵
ŮƬֻ̣˵ӣѽ⣬ˣȴǲͨɣ·аʥ˻Ǵܴмȥо˿˿൱Σա
ˣǵõΪߣѽ⡣
īһͷͷףԵһУ˵˷֮˻Ȼɢ
ſ֮ĸǷ˿á
ī飬һۣסͷ­ͨīȻ޾ȣɶ
ī뿴סأһԳ⣬شۿ˵ȥ̫ʦȻ
īһԣһأ˫Ŀǣ۽ᣬһ˻Уءһڵϡ
ٴս˫ĿգȻϢ
ˡͨ˵
ؿī룬ĬƬֻ̣˵߰գȥ̫ʦ
ͨ⿴һüڴ˵ؿȽȥ١
Ů洽ݣֻһᣬľ÷·
ͷзӿ룬һƣԳһˡ
˱Ŀϴɫ԰ף١
̫ʦغһ
ٷ·ЩͣŮ洹꣬ǿʼ̨
Ի˫ۣأϵãֻѿڣͷ·ѹһԳɳƣءװϲģá
عҲˣæʣ̫ʦɴ˰㣿
Ǻа᲻֪ʱСſ˵Ǽ죬ڲȣս㱣ö֮ɴʧ̨ȣ´ã³б䡣
Ǽˣʣʱڳſѷĸ㸮
üҡͷĸḮĸͷ­ĪʳḮţѪһأһȥѪǱˣ
аŮ˵ʩΪߣȴ˼֮ˣͨǿ˿ֻƾԳۼ
ٲʶŮ洣ֻһ߰Ůһڣᵽҽæʵӵţ
Ůһۣ˵ʱ˵
ʶ಻ʣֻ˵óˣսȴΪʱǰߣҲˣ˵ѹᴭȴ
˵˵ţ˫ģҪ˯Ůæüһ㡣
ٻۣлɫʹ࣬鴤ϣ³һںѪ
æȥ̫ʦ
̫ʦֻץס֣Уʹ
ֱ۳Ѫӡȴֻץס״ҲóȻֻˣһ£
Ů洹ȥһſһֻͨ˽
˸аپѪΪרɱ᷽ѰϢá
ؼʹ̨࣬λֻǴǺѪ
ĪҪմȾаͨȥִֻ˿
˺һֻͨ쵯һ˿𣬽³ĺѪһջ١
ͨһָ𣬵
Ƿ
ؼ̱Ҫչ⣬æʵʵ˳
ٽѪ¾ֱ³ʺѪ̨ͨһ㣬ϲһ
ڰ˯˹ȥ
Ҫ硣Ů˵ΪҲԳˡ
Ů活䣬ͨͬʱһһ
˽ݶ΢һϢǱ⡣
ֻͷһèУضһֻһèݶɱȥ
ɣغ
ǘܵü죬ұȵһ·ߣæӴܡ
̫߳ʦǱһѳסƤëץ˹
ظץסһè죡
ɽ˫ӳģֻſڱҧȥ
ƶڣһ˿ĳζ
ֻͨһ֣
èϲǻ˻Уͨ쵯ֻ˦ǻһմһɺڻ
ˣ߰ˣǻ˵ĿܣʩϸζڸǣΪǵ˾첻״
ԣ槼ЮȻ֮ߣüͷ壬ĻȻ򣬺ˣʱڹ֮Ҳ·̫ʦһ£
ͨʣ˵
˵үǷ񻹼ǵãһ꣬ڹڷһҩʱү˵ҩ
ͨͷȻǵô£˶Ϊ
˵ҩãܺһèǘҲǰ̰ʳȴҰèһ㼱·Ǽ
ǘɣаģīʳſ֮ĸҲǺεƣ˹ŮǵУ˼ܡ
̫ʦ鿴һȥͷк״
̫ʦŽֵȴһֱ쳣
ֵһתǣǼһԷЯֹ֡
ǶԷ򸾲⣬ֻ۱˴ˣز
ͣ½ŲͨҲͣ¡
ˣؾȺ
ǶԷͣ½ŲŮӻͷһأҲһЦǻسˣ
ȴǲֻҲǹ˵ʶˣ̶ЦУˣʶãգ


88 
˻ͷͨ, ʶôˡ
˲ԯһʥȼ𣬳Ůʱսսһأܣǿ, δ
ͨ, ڱι, ǻ˼αװ, ѰҲοС
ͨˣȥڶɽԱ, ǱߵҶ, ɽˮ, һéݣؿé¸ǵģո¡
ͷ, ˱кˡ
˼һԲЦ˱Ȼְգ
ʣ槼ѰȣǷ
ü΢ͷ, ʮڣʱסʬĴҩҶͷ槼, 槼ũĶ͵ҩˣǻˣȴ·ǰ
˻ϣȻںãֻס˫֣ڣ˱ˣҲܾż㲻ˡ
غͨк˵ª˲ҩ壬Ȼ˷ˣֻԵƬ̱ãλ԰ա
ԣغͨЦͷͣдܣ
ʣֽкδ㣿
Ц˵ǰʿʿҲǮͣӱǹȥġˣ˵ЩС⣬Һڡ
һЦ˵ȥƷѧЩСֶΣҪȥҩ˵ͰˣҪǰǮ࣬࣬ȴǲŵġ
ֻЦۼҵٽźáס˵˵ǲǣ
صͷЦҲǣһаŮ֧ҪЩġ
˵˵
Цģ˵ˣǰȴǶ˸ˣѲǰ
治ɫ˵ҲǼǲˣ˵ǱȻǵġ
ɫ΢죬ֻ˵ĪҪȡЦ˵
ֻʣˣ
ۿ˵Ψгźá
˼ƫԶȨģǺѰѰġ׼˺ããĸéס뵽ⷱоҺڵģȴ֮أ
ضӦ˶ٱ㷹ͨ쿴˽Ƭ̣ȴһԲ
˻ȥʣүſǽ죿
ͨ˵鰮գ᲻޴˵ģֻǽУ˵ȴǰʱˣ쳾˵鰮죬ǽǷˡ
΢ֻ̾ǽȥ̫ˣ᪣סߣ˰꣬˵˵ָ뷲䣬޹ȻǼ尾ġʬףִֻν㲻Ǿˮ²źá
ѡͨ˵
˻̫ʦŮһãס˵λһڴ˵٣ÿɺãսᣬһ˵˷ʳء
˵ĪҪһˣǳЩ
Ůüͨ죬ʣ˳ȥ׷è
ͨ쿴أ˵̫ʦ֮ˡ
˭
˫Ŀ΢Уֻ˵˿ųء
ٽӽƻ裬رǼš
ٰͨ죬زչ
ŮʣҪ֮£
˵ˡ
ŶŮ˵
˵ǵġ
ڣˣȥգЪձսʱȰسźãս޳һ֮ʧ
˵̫ʦģᶨȻס
˵Щ£￴ס̬ͨţǻȥ
ͨ졢Ů洡˶ɺӹȥ˲ϢӪʱҹĻոս١
رסŮ洹ڽԣ̶ʱ䲻ȥƺӱ˸Ȧˡ
ԶԶع汳סһŮޣǽŮҿһ
ŮĿӣǿ§סزίڣ¡
ڱŮԣпǻ˴һֻۣһ࣬ģѹҪŵС
ؼŮװǻƣ˥ڣֻúúαźã²£ǴŮ洹񡣡
Ů洵Ȼȥ㿪ڣжºͣ˵ӻС·غúôסؾỽźǡ
ŮԣסһЦ˵·Ǻˡ
Ц㣬أ㱧
ŮһǡۡһޣֻҪ
˸ûȤֻɨͨ졣
ͨαװʶãһסʣǰشӣ
ͨ쵱Ȼ㷲˵һʥˣҪܷʣ
ؼ״æͨǰ˵֣֮ȷʵǵġ
ʣغʱӣ
ضⷢ죬ȻԱƭģһʣҲ
ˣֻ˵ؽʣ˵˵
ؿͨ죬ͨҲǿסŮȴſرϲֻؽʡ
ͷǽ˵ʱֻҶˣظ˵˰գ
Ů洽һߣԳʮֲ˵߰òֻôǸĲˣ
С˭סŮ洣ʣʹİ˵ģСòأǰޣ飬ޣǲ㣬Ҳ˵ȻȢްգ
Ů洵ֻסͷ˵ˣŴװģһƣ˵ᣬƲᣡ⻵ƲḸŮǲڴûȤˣ
Ů⻰ҲǾһ£Ů洴ʱ߰ģһۣ˵ģȴ˵ⷬ⻰ôҲС˵ѽ
æ˵᲻Ǹ˼ֻΣˣ˵ӣῴŲˣķӣĿģĪƭˣ
ŮһӵǴˣҵĸ˵˳ǮƳʳǿҵҴҵ󣬱Ǳһ룡
һŮԽԽǾСӣС϶ø࣡
ֻƳŮ洣ֻʵ˵˵òȷС
ŮԴ󺰣㲻Ҫ𣡡
ֻͷһ㣬˵ĪҪЦˣ
Ů洱죬æʣˣ
ؿס˵ѣѣѰӻ˲αϵˣЩҲȣ׼
ĬƬ̣Ůſرϣǰ·𳶲ֻ˵Ҫ˲źá
ЦصģȣȻǿɿġ
޻˵˵ô˶죬֤Ҳܽ˸ϳȥŮһ὿һݣŮˣҲСգ
سʣŮ洷·رϴˣֻһ߽سɱӣһ߹Ц
ԼŮΪϲһ㣬ֽŲͣ£ϲҲǵŮ洫ǿ춥ͷϸ裬ʥ˴£Ҳǲԩ
ŮضЦȤ֣˵ǲ
˵УȽȤġ
Ů˵ִ˻·Թ
˵ҡ
ŮһЦ˵ֶȻȥ
زֻŮЦԯòֶҲϵȣⲻǵ𣬵˵ǲ
ǰ˳֮ˣǹûǽٳСҲãȻ˭˭ᡣŮ°͵ؼϣȥݣֻ˵ǵõڴˣ¶ǱǺã
ʣ˵
Ů洹Ц˵㲻ֻǺ㣬ҲֱȥԻǵɽ˵ɽܲܣ
յĪҪЦҲҪܴ˽٣˳Ҫ
ŮЦ⣬˵֮ĸǵʫ´޹
ؽ£ֻƽӣס˫˵ȻǵʫʹȻһ㣬ǲǵˣʫȻŹ֡
ŮЦֻΪʫҲǸͷˣɽǧٿף˱ưܣ᲻һѣǻ̬֣㣬㡣
ؿס˵ܶ
Ůһβӳ⣬Цһ˵˵ǣ᲻λ˵ʥ˰ˣ˽١벻ɣҪ˥䣬᲻˹°ˣʥ˲ͷǳ֮
غʵˣվӪͨˣ
Ů洹ЦͨͨģڴˣǶְˡ
سĬֻֻڣ˭ҲԸ̤֮ʯżҲҪǵġ


89 
ɽشĽ, ϶ʮǱųͷ
ֻ, ֻСǲƷɻ컯ȥ
ߴųؼסֻŴ˹þȹԹͶ, һһźá
ųǰսǹսƣ˿Ͷ̬, Ȼǰڶ
, սʾ֮ˣƫƫ, ǿֻˡ
ͨŮ洶Ҳؽ̵ڷ, ·ҪЩ޳׼ʥźá
˽Ӧ, Щ±޿ɱܣҪ˵ҪЩϿ, Ψǿ, Ȩġ
Ůᡣ
ȳʥ, ʱεȷ⣿Ȼս, û䣬µʥ˥
࿿ǽؽ̲д, ӻֻ
ֱٿŲò¶档
֡Ů洿סأ˵Ϊƣ෨ԲΨЩ֮մ¶ɴ󱦣ɴ˵ȷǶ죬ʥ˵ΪΡ
ͨ쿴Ůһۣ˵Ů洷ԷΪս
Ů¶һ˿Ц⣬˵˾棬ǿ̫֮࣬ƫƫȴǳʥˣ־ˣ
ؿס˫Ŀֻ˵ʥȻȳͿٱˣ˿ɼʥλսǿܱȣ˵ȹӦ˾ˣǲˣȻķѪˣ
Ů΢Գһ˿ºͣû˭ǰףǣ㣬Ǻõġ
ؽһ飬ͨ쿴·Ӱ½ӰƶǶǽ⣬Ҳǿɹˣ
ͨ޵
ڱιҲΪΪޣ֮
ػʣүҲʹ·δ˻ᣬЦүʥˣóãᶨȻǶǳ
ͨЦˣ˵öԣȷ
ͨ컰ϣֻóһ
ؼǽüĿһǽͨڣϣ΢ֻŻһ壬֮뵶ʱ־
˽һ΢ֻԵסǽ޵ý
ͨЦ˽ΪƼʮƷҶսױȣô˽˽ͨ⣬ʽעΪΪѹʽǰգ
һ˵Ϊ൱֮ʱүʽˣ
ֻͨЦƼ⵱˫ʽʤؽǷ̥ڷȻ뷨޵ˣǶ죬ΪǸĲѹˣ
ŮҲͬ˵ͬȽ޵ʽֲǵ츳ֻʽս֮ˣʽ֮࣬Ƚڴ豾ĩ˷
Ůĩ˵㣬ΪϣҲǿޣʵټ޵Ǵ߽࣬ޣ޴ֿʹ츳
꣬Ц᱾ƽˣҵүᣬѧѧʱ֮˸ޱǿˣ˼רУΪҲԵʱֱ۲ֱޣǰݡ
Ů΢죺㣿ֿǰ˽
ҡͷǲʷ޴츳᲻Ը;ϣǼţҲԸȺý룬ţ·Ҳǰˣɾ͡
ͨ꣬˵˽㣬컯
Ůǽִֵͨ˻Ϊ˸Ѫǲʱϧ˹·ǣʱգȻܻΣ
ŮЦֲ󸣣մ˵ֵĹ⣬ǼƷȴǽˣͬƷ
ϲǴã
ҲУ·Ǹ
ʱͨ΢ƱֻڣҪˡ
ͨ컰䣬һֻסųسսƣ
Цݵ˾ͷ׵ˣҪսˡ
æʻشǰ͵͵סᶯĩӴ֮СĿסȥſâֻڵͨ˴ԶԶϢסʿнּʹػأֻ
æʣݱ룿
˵ǲĶ϶Դ㶡ء
΢У˵ǰϻ֮ˣĻ˵㷴Ѳɲſս΢ǰйᣬôЩˣָǰԵأ
ݣʱδպҲǵˡ
ųسڡ
ſصݣᰵݣձҪִ
ӢסǿµЩĲɡ
ſˣȥʣ˷·
Ӣ̾˿˵ܲģҲŰ֮ˣײ
ſЦ÷ɽ߹ֵ˵ãͷ϶оȻл󣬷ҲǼ߷ɱȷʤ
ȡӢ̧ۿ˵΢֮ӣңҲʹȣҲˣͨοȣ
ſüǼҺȺĸǵ˺̣֮۲ܣʣΪ˶ǣſķŭߣԳֹߣӵأȨƺ⣬ʲй´󳼣ǵüܿմǣһΪĸ𣬶Ϊ飡
Ǽ΢ߵýġӢֻڣ˵ˣҲָӰˡë΢ӣ޺³ġ
վƬ̣˫һֻ֣ȴ
Ǽң̬
æȥʣΣ
ɱȻϣſ÷ɽ߹֣õۡ
͹˶ǵصǵصǰЩӣϸǺۼ֮оȻ֮ߣ߸ĵ
ʵͷȥЩãʣǺˣ
ǲ̵ӣΪꯣս˵ãţ˵˽δ˲ǲ
̣üſǽؽ̣Ųضϣ²ס
¶һ˿Ц⣺޲ףսˣн컯ǲ̣ȴڽؽ̶ˣɿסӣǻ컯ϸ
Ȼˡ
ᣬڽսԴ£
ȸĵˣȷ·ˣſѰټסأмҶҪɱס
üʣøĳ˺ε
ҡͷȻɽӽ
ʵкΰ취ݣ
һ˵Īһ
Уĩڣ
ʣͨŶݼ֮
ĩָͨʹ
˵ãŶݼףĵ֮Ч˸й٣ɥ䷽򣬿ǣ
ȷǡ
ЦڵͨʩʱҾС
ʣȲͨںδ֮ǲſʩЩѶȣǵ£ſֻĴھǿŶݼס
Цλ֮£̽飬ſݣľбɣҷġ
ӪʳֻĿǷλֻͨվһԡ
ֻϸ²ˡ
ͨ콫һ̯һֻһƾնãʵؼ̣лͨ죬ֻһѸ˿ߡ
Ƭ̺Цʵ֮ʵ֮·ߣǲı䣬ǰһаˣ


90 
סһ, ֻȥŷλ
Ǻ, ԲԲһţ״Ź֣ǳŮ֣֮ͬСְ, Ҳǲ⡣
ʱڿӣǺֻ, ͽ, ֻڵѸٽ, ͬٵһ㣬ȹޱȣ
ǳɽͼ, ɽͼ, Ǭľ, ڻ¡
, Сˣɲһ㰡, ·ƾľ, һ㣬Ī˵ſҲѶݴ˵ѽ
˵ߴӲȱ, СŹֵúܣȻ֮ŮǲѹҲǣСҲǣԷǵС
ͬףֻڵ
Ϸųسսƣ̾ȥȷ
΢棬ˬͷģ̾ӭչУԶԶȥӳĺ¥ΰ
ޱȣưɱڣױĦս˻̤̳
ڳǽ֮ϣֱͦվޱ飬ֻüͷ΢塣
һԿʣˣ
˵ƣɱ̫أ²
Ӣһæʣ㲻˵ɱһʧôԡǺ⣿
תǺ˫ۣ⣬˵δ˵һʧ˵ʮþȣ޳ֻԲ׼ȴ㽹Ѳɣ˴ʤްܣ
Ӣ˵ƿԣֻ˵ƣδɽһ㣬ҷɱҲǵУ
ͨ裬ȻǲһģֻųؿսȻʮþȣƿǣ
ԶԶųأŽգϷǹֻӢվУҽվһˣϵã裬ұǾࡣ
̧ͷ˽ǽס
ʣˣЦſʵˣڳڰҪŮ󣿡
ӢŭǿŮ
ذ֣˵ҲɽصҲŮӣͣ˵ϣֻǷˣմŮ֮Ѫضȣȴǲòɱ˰գ
ӢһӣߣҲѵ㣡
ӢϣҪȥսæһ裬һ˫ֻۣסأʣ
˻һ̾ǻȻ΢ŭӣǼȴǺͬϷŪ
ȴ治ɫֻס裬˵Ȼģ
費ԣֻЦȻģǹŮǣɱˣѪȬ
ػϣųؽǶݣͬӢҲһۡ
ɫ䣬·⿴סأһ˵˴
ֻ˫Ŀգֻһϣɻ鿴ܣأҴ飬ȴ
˵ǻ
ָһۣȻһԣתͷأǴ
ؼ÷ֵָ꣬סֻһ˫ҵɡ
״ֻһ֣˽Ю
һأ󺰣ˣſɱḸ㶨Ҫɱȣ
ųǰأ컯Ʒɻǰ
ӶˣſԹֻ컯ң󺰣ſƥ򣡽
ſһëСүү˵Сӣ㲻һѱն£СҲҪһ³
컯ԴŭƥҪʬΣ
ſЦһֻȵСתͷһ󽼣Сǽˣ
¶ס컯ִ۽ڳǽת£ǻ컯°ͣͬŪޣֻһ컯նȻҪն
컯Цƾ㣿ſƥǲˣ
ԴŭֻӼҡǴ۽һɱȥ
컯ֻĪаһŤתǴȥ
ýһ̣󿳣󽼱㱻һɣ
컯󳰣û˷ӡ㲻ǸСˣɳɵҲãͼɵ
࣬ȴ޿ɱ粵֮߱һͿƵ
λأ˺֮УƻӰ֮£ǰԿĹ·Ψһ棬
ļҹںδȥǷѳޣ
Ȼ˿ɴ˻ƺҪ𰸣·ֻţ˼Ǿ
ǵģҪɱƲ֮ˣ徲ˡʱս½ҫȺǻܿǹһۡ
ɲɵҿɲܣֻת˵ֻãҪڴ˴
컯ȣ죡ɱ㣡
컯ϣ׷ɱȥ
Ʒɻںͷһ컯£թ
Ʒɻ䣬ſǴӳǽɱ
ءһʯ𻨣
Ʒɻһתۿȥ컯ǲӰ
ֻǰУɳȥΨһˣǿִһꪣͨëɫͨ죬һԳ㣬Уɱһ
ˡ
ֻһϢС
컯׷󽼣ۼųŽҪɱڵأǷɳһ˫룬ֻ΢΢գ۱ɳʱһģ
컯컯
ʦ컯ʦ֮æȥ
ܣ㻹ܣԶԶɽ֣ԶԶԳ׽УңңԶԶƣ֦Ҷï谵ΨеչҶ϶ɳ©컯ͷһ˿չӳͫס
ѽʦˣҲˣˣҺúѧ۵ͯ𣬻컯ֻعȥǼźͯʱԼ
Ǳ֤Ǳ֤ջ㱣֤Ǳ֤ﵱǺݺݴһ壬ɽҰڶ࣡Ķ⣬ҪԳҧȥԴ
컯һЦֻ˵ԳҪ˼䣬ҪתȦЦ
ͯʱĻ컯̧һҲ˲ʦ򲻴򣬺ʵˣ棿
С컯˵꣬Ǹһ壬ֹ˵㶨Ȼǻ˼
ܿң컯ʡ
СЦôˣĿ㣿
Сϣǰʦһ塣
컯ʯϣͷǳС첻µز£հ˰ӣҹȻ˹
˵͵Գ˼ҪתȦǺң
컯һֻͷģСһȳһգСл
컯һЦȥϴ衣
СĪҪȥϴ裿ҹһ˰ӣˣմˮҪ࣬αضһ٣
㲻һȥ˼䣬Ҫ
Сȥ˳裬
ҹ裬ǡõƻӰͷ֣ߴűǺ«ǱóлС棬Īĸʿ
ЦСС·ãֳԸ˸أҲǿյ徻
ҲǷˡС˽ȥ˵˻𣿡
ǰиİСͷҲأ͡
СȻ򣬺ļһתȦϲкתȦˣ
һʱ˷ܣǰСѩ䣬һƣСˤڵء
ǰСˤίּȫָӡʱίޡ
Сʮֲ⣺ôľͿˣ
СίţͲܿˣǰ࣬ҵѿģͷĸ׶ȻҪң
СˣԸˣһᣬǺǱǴС龰˽ǹ˲ÿҲ˲ƣֻֿ˰Ϸ
컯͵һĳתֻԸתͷǸһߵİСǱԸģˣ
֣ǰС
컯˵
ǰСתЦҽ㡣
·Ķ컯૵
ЦȻġĴսѿ죬ЦɽϣձʦӣʦǶҿɳԲ㡭

컯ͫǰﻹɰС
ֻһͨԳſѪڣ⣬ſҧһѪ⣡
˫ģʱתƻʣŵɽ˺ʱԳֻĥצͳϮ
һͷػۣһֻ谵΢⳾һ㣬ϸ䡣
ͨڵأͷɢʯϣѪָģģּ


91 
ȥˣ
ü, ӢɱûӰ, ֻƼֵ콫˵ֱɱȥǵȻëСܶԸ
߱Юֵ޳Сˣƭ, ȴɱ󣡡
СӣӢݺһţ׵ʱţ, գ
, ʮֹ죬ڳͬ, ʵҲ˵Ҫ, °գ
ǰ, ֣ڿһֻһƺ, Ǻͬһ, , С
Լһ, ǺȻڿڣ֣, Ȼš
Ӣһæʣˣ󲻹ǻþɱ㲻ʮþôԬΣ
Ԭ죬ֶԸǸøۣ۴󣬷·ͻȻŤҲó£ֽǵҴܣ̾ͷȴǹȥˡ
ү
˵޵޻𣬻谵Ψʯγ΢⣬ͷ·г˿˿͸өһ㣬˵䰵ȴҲǲɼ
غһͨ·Ծ֡
̵üÿһʽǴѪͷ­£ڷסݣƲ顣
ػܣ˵һݣݶߣߵ̧ͷ
Ȼ󷨣ȳǻ
ͨ죬һľż㣬ڹؿ֣ȴʶá
ضۣ֮ѰһԾѰֿͨ졣
ȳҲһþعȥͨ죬ָֻ壬·ſ
󡣡˵
ʱ֣ͨͣ¡
ֻͨ컺վ۴ڵأ߸ߴģѪʳָ·ڿ֣Ѫģɼ׹ǡ
˫ĿɲڷӰ֮£˿ң顣
˫סǽһƣһȿš
ͷķʱӿ˽˫ĿǷ紵һУʱȻ糺졣
ͽȻֻһ꺣ģεأ컨׷ãã䡣
ǲı䡣ͨ˵ˡ
һתͷֻͨüۼ̣Ǻģ·ɷ
ﲻı䣿ôתͷġ
˺£ͨ˵
Ҳ˺£˵Ķ
ػ䣬ããʴͷһֻһǰλ֡
ͨ졣
ֻһǵһֻ·ﴫϣһֻǵģ˿С
ͨһֻ΢΢ۣסüʦ
һǺǿǵˣɿݡ
㻹ǲڸġǵ˵
ͨ첻ԲƳͨƽһգָһѪ
Ѫڵϣ͸ֲ͸һƽˮ棬ˮ淺һ
ʺ˿һ㣬ˮлأʧ͸ˮ
ػعּͨԭʯϣ֡
ǵء
үȣϸ֣飬ֻΧһԲһһ㣬ӡ
ձ֮ţǹŹ֣·ѹ
ڿ֡
Ӱζ˲¹ֻô˵һŴ϶ҲС
׻Ҫãſ꣬үضͨǰֻסʣүҪ׷˺£
ػ䣬ָͨһ̣һɺѪֺֻķ⣡
ţǧǧɺּβǽѸٴݣ
ƣü󣬾ɱǵأ㣬·нһ֮ƣ
˺£ҽؽ̺йֲʦ𲻹ͨߺ޺Ƚ̹ͬţѲǱ
үϢŭؽ̻ʧȻȣĪҪˣ֪ǲȣ
ͨȴԽԽ죬ѪϣأɷԣͷУֻϯ
ص۱ķﾡǰԵ硣
ү̫ԵͱҪعȥס˫ֹ֣ס֣ĪҪĲȣҪħˣ
ǣ
һ̧ȥֻͨ΢У̣ޱȣͫ׷죬ֱֱסԼ
ָһͷһֻԼ֣ʵʵסͨ˫֡
ˮֵ˴硣

ۡ
³һںѪ
ˣæʵ
˺󼸲סϢ̧ͷһֻغĻ谵Լɱ磬Ѫζӿϡ
յ૿ڣͷ÷ɽ֣
жûˣõĶ
Ӣһ㶣ʣˣ˵ˣһӶѣ
軺ۣڵӰɣ᱾а˴ȿɽ⡭Ҳȿ󡣡

ӪͨƤ͵һŮҲڵϣ̧ͷգֻֻܲս򣬾С
üͷ壬ֻһԾǳսᱼȥ
ɱ֮С
Ǻˣͨ췴һǽڵϣ
ȿȿȣɫǺ죬ֻòüѲãѺүҰ
ֻͨһгһ⣬ƴ󿪣ӿ룬ر˿ɢңڵҴܣͣը
ȿȿȣʹະͨ졪
ʶңͨ콫ɿһ˿ȴסţʣ㻽үᵱιˡ
ԻͣںЩ
غڷÿס°ͣԳϸֻ꣬૿ڣ̫ˣ࣬·Ǽ㣬ȴǲǵá
Ķ
սشԼµĻˣֻ˵үɷÿһһ
ͨ쿴Ƭֻ̣üͷ΢壬ÿ˵
ؼԳһ˿аȻɼģʣǵ̣꣬
ͨԳһ˿ߺޣȽƫΪαң
ᵱˮ磬Ȼ뿪˽磬п磬֪ΪΣȴֻˣ˵˷ս֮٣ѹ˼ˣ
£ǴԽˣҴ˵شʱʱͬʱؽ̻ȥʷȻı䡣
ǣͨԳһĨЦǺãҪѪծѪ
س󺰡
ͨ첻ȣֻһӣǳȥþ
þһȥֻǽ֮£ʬǣǱ
ͷ̾Ƽֵܣ£˿
ĪҪ£ʱƴã
ͨ·ֻʵҪ˳ǣ
ػ𻰣ͨһ֣ǳǳǽ
ǵޱȰԵֻǳǽһ壬Ǳ׹䣬ʯ¡¡һƬڽһƬǺʱѪɣǷϣѹڴ˴߲
ʯ̳
ʱǷʱȻǺرѣܲذ
˺󣡡æ̾亦ִֻ꣬ͨ캰ĪҪͨ죡
ǰ衢ɱܣֻⶪȥѰʣסֻɽȥаվֿ޺໥̤·ͷйְ㣬ƴӡ
ΨиӢǴִµڱǽǰһسǴɽơ
Ավһˣּǽˣ˽޹գǱѹѪģǧʱޣȴȵòȻ֮ˣ㲻ɱ³ƽȴųأպε޹Ǻúޣ
Ӣ󺰣ųضɣ˺
ֻһͨ죬üһֻͫӢ󺰵㣡
ӢӦµֻոɱƣĶͣ٣Ѫڵϡ
˫Ŀֱֱסãã죬Ŀ
һͨ죬һգһ˵ϡ
߹ȥ˸ӢƬֻ̣˫Ŀϡ
صͨǰ۽ס
ģι֮𣿡ͨ춢ס
Ǳι֮ˣȴүȱɱ޹
ͨ쳰Цǳ㡮ȱĿ࣬Ҳǵɵӣ
ֻԸɵӣ
ֻһŮͯͷͨͷһֻһһͯŮգס
æһˣͷ˱׹£
Ů洣ͨ˵˵ġ˵ͻȻʧЦȴˣʱǷս
̶ֿŮˣֻ˼Ƽü۱䣬ס˵ȥæս£ˣԸ
һۣ˵үСġ
˵ţִ꣬˽ȥ
÷ɿ죬ʱʱ޺ֻһ䣬ǽݷֱ׷սɱ¾
ѰȥȻʵˡ
ǰб֮Ų̤ڻЬȴҲǲմֻһ㣬Ծǰ߹ǽ
΢ֻ·սһƬ÷ɽ߹ΨһŵԬ飬ս컯컯۰Ѫ죬ԡѪɱ磬ޣԬǿ׳ʯգ᲻ɴݣֻһҴ򣬶˾൱
ſסޣɱƷɻǽƷɻɱýڽڰˣ
޿磬䲻⣬һײƷɻǽײºѪ
ؼǻƷɻҪſɱסֻһӽƣ
ſ˺һˣæһ󽼹ң
󽼴ʱҲȥǲڴ˵أ޷
ſؿȻƣͶգ
ſԴŭأ
شȻս
ſһֻң󺰣ˣ
ֻȥĸ֮Ϊ裬֤ݣ֣ͣ
ſŭĪҪڲᣡĸޣ֣ͣ
ſһֱǵһȱڣ
ſ˺һֱֱΪȻǵȣٿҲֻһԾڿС
׹£ޱ
ͷ˻ֻ米ѹסһ̩ɽ°ĭǱѹڵأ
޲Ϊɱʴˡ
ޣſһңɱƷɻȥ
غĶһͷȥֻһշ
ճؼͷ
ز˿һ
°᪡


92 
󽼼컯, Ƕһԡ
ֻƤ
һ, һ⣬ָһҲս£ֱֱǾԴȥ
Ⱥ, ųذսǻæɫ֣סһ֮, æʣˣǳˣ
˱קŲ, ѣֻüæӢۣĪҪס, һǰͷţһ, Ӳ᲻ɴݵĳųǽ, Ǿѹǧأ
ˣ
˴̾һ˵ᣬĵ, ·а, ٳ˶
ָһ, ˸Ͻ, ֻæǰ
߾֣˱ӵ̤ȴ˲, ֻڷᣡ

ʯɶѣѪ֫洦ɼҰɽĳǽʱǶѷʯˡ
ʯͷȥǱѹס֮ˣһһȥϡ
ǡ
ǣ

һãĶһֻһ
֡֡ڴˡ
תѰһʱֽű
ֻ飬һǧʯѹסؿڣ⾡ɺѪ
󽼺ͷɬ߹ȥءСģǴʯ̧
ĺۿ
˫ַֻסա
飬ǱǴʯѹ⣬°Ѫͷ
һգʱס飬Ȼ¶һ˿Ц⣺СʯǱҲãʧ˸ĸһѡ㲻ˡ
ɵһѸһ߿ڡ
ããȻʧ˽ֻ࣬˵ʱңСװɥСãҪ֣ǣֻŽһ󽫾ȴͽʡʱǨǳɽģ·һ㡭
ĪҪ˵ˡʵȥѰʦҪͦס
˵ţµۣõȽźסֽС
֡ĪҪͽˡ
ȴ·⻰ֻǽ𣬱ڷ̫ɽȥ
ᣬӵţɱޣǷſУƷɻȻսˡ
컯ָԬʿĪҪԣֻȥȡͷɱнߣǧ
׼ǣŰ񰲸ƽ񣬲Ƿȥ
вᵽ°߽ǵֻ˵Ǵܣʶá
׷ȥ׶༪١
нӴָֻԼԼ·λ
һԾǧɣֻٱǷ
ˣ׷°߽֮ˣǵ˼׷Խסɱ˳Ǻ󻼲źá
Ů֮һǵ˿סԲѵĽ˶סȥܳɽȴǲ˽Ů洹˵һһף
˼Բѣˣҷ
˺ȵʬףƻ˺쳾
ã˺ĽüģֻסˣڣүСãɷǵĿʿӲлŮ֣֮ǿˡ
ֻáһָɢݣἫģ÷绨ѩ¡ݺ೪һĹǣüۣȴǼ伫
ǡ
ǵһЦֻڵһСԸǵ죡
һֻһǽɫһ֮⣬ٵֱ籩һ㣬ֱϮȥ
㲻ϮţޱȰԵѹֻһһҲֽҲǽʮ࣡
弫󣬿ѪͷᾹʯۿҪײסǹʯסƣıһȴǱ˽ס
˻ͷһ˾槼
ĪҪ槼ס˵ߣ
ɽ
槼תͷһǵȻƵɱѹ˵һסþ
һϽһ槼ֻЯס˷ܣ
ǵݵߣֻǧСˣһָҪ
ֻһѷɵעסһơ
Ƿɵ㼫ٷȥڿв𻨣ֻƱҪɱ
ǷɵۿҪסġһнײ֮զֻһһǽǷɵ˻ȥ
ߣس槼˺
ֻסǰͷһڣסǵˣ˵½ѹ֣Ѱǲ͸ˡ
½ѹƬأסɵ˵ǶҪɲɱ
ؿסţֻ˵ǵ֣ɷ񽫽ϾԵǲá
½ѹЦһ˵鰮̣أЦ⣬˵ĪҪôߣ
ƶôߡؿס½ѹָֻסʺ˵ǵʱ͸׻ˣֿ֪ʥ߲
½ѹü䣬ֻɵó˵˵㣬ɲɱǱ޿ɱˡ
½ѹ䣬Ͽմһۻֻ䣺־ȥҵģ
ͷһֻһµˣϿռٽ£̤ѻ½ѹǰݱޱȣüһڣסأ˵ձȻڣ
槼סˣΨصסǵˣֻƴȥ
ɽڲûգɵǵǰѹȻǴܣѻʯ
ۿͨ죬΢΢ֻ¡ȥᣬҪˡ
槼̾һЦϣѣ˭
ֻЦƼסǺʦֵˡ
ԣȥֻһ۵ˣһԽɫסЦ
깫槼
槼⻽ս̬Ҳǿסǵˡ
æó̬֮
깫һ΢Уӳģֻ˹ڣסսܾˣ̣Ҫסˡ
ֻ깫׹ޣֻһٺݺһ
ף
ȴǶվ֮أֻһϮ׹޲һѿǴ˵ϣﻹѰüӰ
ߵֻ֮¼κɫҺ壬ճѪ
깫Һ壬üǺء
˵槼˶ˣǼ׹ڣѪ磬Եֵ
һᣬǱһϮߣ
裿槼ǰס֮ˣЩ棬ʣڴˣ
ɫ԰ףֻصūųӳĪ˵᲼ˣߣ
槼ɫãǵˡ
ҡͷ˵ߣ
轫槼һƣƿڵϿ̷
槼ߣʱжǳٻȻˣǲ󣬸
踹һֻճѪס˵Ȳߣ㷽ŶȻ׹һУˣȻҪ
輱˼ΣգˣɱƲסͬϷ˼һ㣬ǲߣȽҪ
軰䣬һЦ
Ӵ~·ǽƶ͸һˣ
תͷһֻ깫ЦЦ˶ס
Ŀܣ辪Ȼúˣ㱻ˣ
깫Цǵƣ棬ȤһһˣԭȤ
һ׹һֻڵˣأƶһסǶȲס
䣬ֻ׹ؽɨȥ
槼æ˫Ҳóֵֻһ㣬ֻ깫Ϯȥ
깫׹׵֮Ѫأר֮Ǻ깫ߣǱ׹ɴ
ֻ׹ǧ򻯣ֱֱɱ槼˫һһǱоպڣͬ槼Ҳͬʱڵأ
槼óҪȥ깫Ҳˣֻ槼ɺֱֱ̣ȥ
ƽϺã׷֮鱾ܣ깫ǿҲһԵѰẠ̊́衢槼ˣ׷ᣡ
깫ԴۣΪոһŮɱȣһϢǽ׷ס
깫Ŀȷᵽ槼ǣֻŻ׽裬˳ֱǿ׷סоһ˳ֱɱˡ
˿ǵ˵ͷʧؽ׹רſǽӽǽһһա
Ȼ֪նȻҪڴ˴
ƫͷ槼ֻԸˣҲҪ槼ĴغãҲֵһֵ
ס槼˵Ҵ߶ɫ󣬵һʱȲסĪĪҪū澣죡
槼ԣ߶ɫ˱ŮͣʱΪ˲٣߶֮ʱܵһϢ
ֻɫһ߶깫ͣһ£˫ɫ
ʮ𼱣һ߶ס깫˫ֱڵϸʴ˸󶴣ΪУֻ槼һǽ˽ȥ
ĪһȣֻѪѪֻһ裬ǰضλſѪڣ
槼ոձ붴ɫЧ깫˫һֻǺѪſϮ
ǺѪأΪ깫ۼֿ죬׹һɱɱȥüɱǵھǱҧһڣ
һһȫ׵˫ӿ˫ĿԳɱ⣬ֻʣǺһ׹ֱֱ׼ؿڣһ˦
Ȼ̸Դ
վԭأһƬ̺˫Ŀڣ£ڵϡ
ֻ÷ǺѪǰһҧǽҧʹ˿ڻðź
סɵ裬ͫȻһУȥһĶһ£ת˷
Ƭ̺󣬼һһŮԶڵϵ裬˾ռһ㣬Ҳǡ
ֻŮ˵·׹ޣʦ֣깫󱦣һսս⣬ūҾţڱﲻգţ
ԿڣʦԼǡ
˻ϣȥ
ڵϵ裬˫ĿڣۿѪ
ͻȻһ槼£ӣ˳
槼ڵϣȻסᣬ޵ãһ˶Ը깫ģ
ۿӿѪָһ槼ˣ裡
ס槼üۻԳһ˿Ц⣬˵Īޡū澱ӵֵġ
˵槼ۿӿᣬ˱Ϊ˶
ãǺȻҪɢָ͸ֻۿѪݲ԰ޱȣǺѪ£Գһ⡣
ū澶Բסġ૿ڣֹס䣬˵սЩūлҪ˵
槼æס֣˫źϣڣ槼ֻᣬĬס
Ƭ̺槼֪סֺһգ槼һȥȻסʵ塣
ü΢ס槼⴩͸壬¶һ˿Ц⣬ֻڣԸһаá


93 
ü, ֻסǰϵˡ
½ѹֻýһ, תߡ
½ѹ᪷λȥֻס㲻ȥ׷
ֿסʣģ, ʦ
ֻסĬ
Ц̫Ͻ˽, ˾˳ǲʦ˻˼, Ǳ⻨쳾ϣ, ɲаʦ, Υʦ, ½磬Ⱥ쳾Ҫ䰡
, üһ, ǵ, īɫ, ݸޱȣԲֱۺһ, צӱʺ
зֻ֡
˵ʱʱ죬Ȼֻһɨһʢسؿڴȥ
ǽջγӰƾܣ˫ֻסؿڣʢ޼᲻ݣǵס֮ƣ
س˫ȥ꣬ȳһߣ̩ɽ֮ƣǽߵںǹʯ
ǹʯѣ޴һңǾɷĩ
ؿڵϣæִɱȥֻ׼ʺѹӿü۾ɱ⣬ƱһҪ̴
Ѹһ㣬ֻб˳ױȣٶȣ磬ɱδͷסǱס
ֽ֣ǣֻԶָסȻҪ۶!
óѣָæſֻһ䣬ֱǽסǽֱǳʺȥ
ǽڣȽ۶ϣǲò㿪˽ơ
һֻ֣һǲֵ
ʽ൱£ӽˣغϰ٣ȴһϢ
˷ֱ˿һɣֻ໥ŶԷ
תתȻӡͷѹҪϣЩʹ
һ˿ڷи䣬һѪ
µģȻղͬ
½ѹߺ˵ĵһ仰
һ΢УЦȻǶգǰԵٳ࡭ֻס˫ۣЦ˵ֽϢŹ֣·ħ֮Īǽƶǿĸʳˣǳ
Գһ˿ŭ⣬ȵ˵˵㵱Ȼȴǻģǵ죬ǻ壬Ȼа
ɽкз紵һʯϣ䱻Ƿ紵°ƮƮ·Ҫһ㣬üƽݿ䣬Ǿɣ΢ӳģֻһЦֿпԸģ·ħˣ޳壬ȴ˵ңǿЦ
Դŭվ֮أıѣֻһʯץǿǣֱȥңȴŭ񣬱ɴ㣬ɱ㣬ƽ
ؼǴʯڣֻһʯȴǿƣƫУ׷סѹ
æӣ׷ʯأ׺壬ɽؾؼѿ
رӱЦֻǺֵĲȣȴǹң̫Ψһӣƽʱֻǰ˾쿴أʥΨ䣬ǲ㲻żһأŷ䣬˵ͬħ㲻ǹִ࣬ıһƣȴֻˣӲԸ
ػϣͣסʯȻɽؽ˵ֻ곯һǽʯըѣ
վᣬʯըѼ䣬Գֻڣ̫Ͻ̴㣬˼䣬̷ȻҪ
ⲻӦ
ָ΢Ϣʱȣüĺں̣ؼĪ㶣ֻżصڵϣ꣬һֱֱɱȥ
£вҪܳ꣬ǻȻɱʺ
ͷһ㣬뼴ȴǶֻǽһ·£̱Ҫʺ
ʱѹͷѹؽס꣬ٶһ֣Ҳڲ
û㿪ǽ˺һءۡһ³һѪ

񷣬еʴֻһˣ⣬«֮ϣ׷ѩ۷ʣǰƻ棬գס
˽ӳ˾ǵſڣƽȴǴвɷϡ
סüĬףڳƣʦ
̫Ͼѹһֱסأһֱֻסػð亹·Ҫѹͷſϰݡ
ؽסֱ꣬ס˴ȻԸܿࡣ
̫ϾȴԼҵӣ«żϷһ߽ء
ߵüһ˰㣬һ
عѪڰøǶ㿪ϽܵԶԶģ̫Ͼһָ
̫ߵȴһ˿Ҳܶ
̫Ͼػһɣͣ¡
ͬʱظоѹȻȥһɣֽŽͷ˽ס
תͷһͨ졣
ֻͨüͷ壬ֻס̫ϣڳƣ֡
̫Ͼüƽֻأ˵ˣԭʼ˵
ͨµͯĪҪһʶ
̫Ͼڶһ֣תͷնһѪۣüĺۼһ֣˵ħĲȣԭʼǲȥħͨкο
һͻȻڣʦӲТҪʦǣԸĲȣҪɱأƽϢ
ͨ쳯һʦ˵㾹Ҳ죡
򴽲̫Ҳֻ̬ǵأ̾һ
ͨüԽȻ§סغһ󲽣ȻʱҪս̬֮
̫ϼ״ЦҲá
ǻԶڽָ̱رǼ⣬ͨĽɱ𣬾ǽ̫һ
ֻĽƽ˲ϢΧסءͨˣתܣֱ롢ҡĹɱضɣһɣɷԲʮƴӡ
ɽ󣡡̫˫΢Уͨ죬˲ãǼǰҪˣ
ͨ΢Գһ˿ɫ˵ҪȴǲҪˣǵԸĲȣħȴһ֮ʣҪɱأִӺζãұι֮ˣҪɱ
ֻ̫ס˵˲ι֮ˣҰǷ̥·Һ쳾٣䣬δҲι֮ˣͨ죬ҪȥˣҲˡ
ͨЦһֺеǿ·ȴǳ緲ƭʿһŪҵȣұ˵ˣǰǸұιҲǣҲ־˵棬˵棿
̫Գһ˿ŭɫ˵ܼҰ˰᱾ò˺쳾ֻ㻤ˣʥˣ蹲֧ͬأɳңȴ˹ִ
ͨ쿴Цһ˵ǳ輫ⱦͽܣ쳾Ǻûˣ˵ʥˡأ˽ġЦ⣬ͫԳ⣬˵ֿƫ̻֣ǵҪ˽̣ȳʥؽ̣ˣֶǣ
̫ϴδ뵽ͨҪ˵Ȼ¾ףǳϣ˵ȻĪΪΪβˣ
ͨЦһ˵Լǣβˣ


94 
ͨ챳ƽϢ, ס޸
ͨǿ, ֪ͨʳ˱仯
ȱ仯ʮ΢ɽڣɱ, ֱҪȻ, ͨȴˡ
ԥƬ, Сˣүս, ˽
ͨͷһֻۣ˵˵
ͨ˵̫ϳѿ֮, ȴʮֽ, ֻ̫аķݣΪ, ȴҲ֪̫ǳ
̫Ͽ, ϸ, Сݴ֮, ǺǾ֮ϣλ, ҲӲʥҲûǺù
һ˵ʦɱأԱɣʦʦ岻Ϊ˶ɸꡣ
̫Ͽ˵ͷŹ֣ǻ֮ܣսǵΪ£ħΪ൱Ҫ䲻ɣΪʦ˴½磬ɱ˴ˣƽħպ徻޵ֿأü˵ʦ棬ֱ෨Ҳ໥֮ԭʼ˵ԭΪǳԻ磬ͨôδĨ־Σģʱȴˡ·ˮȴֲǡǺε֣·޳ǣǱУǱɢϡῴ֮ۡ
̫ϰ˼⣬ֻ÷£૿ڣʦʱ׼һ棿
̫һǱͽܣʣ˵
һ𣬷·㣬ĪӲ˵ѽʦˣ
̫Ͼ΢аħ֣ǲᣬֻЩأĲǡ
ó籦ǧֻһǽɽ֮У
һУɱͨãʥˣ־Ҳܱ֣
̫籦Ĵȥպö㿪ͨƼĽ
תͷͨݣһ˹籦ֻƾĶٳͨ칥ȥ
ضһԣʹУܱλʥ˴սҲԾ˿ͷ˫ĿʶһҲ۲壬ֻšƹƹҡƵ÷·죬ҴܣӿǴȻǷƷɽѡز
Ϣ̫ͻȻ˳Уͨ˺һ˿Ѫ
̫ϳУʱŭͨ죡㷽Ŷɱ
ͨĨȥѪֻ˵ֻǻذ˾ա
̫ƽס󣬺զͷһֻһˣ½ֳ߱ʶ
׼ˡ̫Ͽʣˣ
׼˴˸ף˵ޣļк죬ɱҴܣһ۾ȴȶ󡣡
׼̾һ˵ΪʥˣӲܡ
̫ϾһͽһޣΪ񣬴飬ѧԸʦĳ̬̫ϼ׼̫ˣɫȴһ˿顣
ͨԭʼͬΪ壬һҴڽƹأ£֮£̲֮ǳأͨ죬ҲԽջҪѵͨ죬ҲԼ˽£ȴҪ˿ǲã
׼Ự䣬ֻԪʼƶ̫񣬶ֿɽɱˣģǴŭͨ죡㾹˶󣡽մڴˣ㾹񣡡
׼̾գĪŭ˴Ϳ̿ǣ
Ԫʼϸҡͷݾ֮⣬Ŀڽڣˣһˡ
˵ֿħǲڰ˾ȴ˴˵أ̫ϾΪζ
Ԫʼ䣬ֻж˼ݷһֻǶˣһ½ѹһȼơ
˼λʥˣֻ½ѹȻû˽ȥ᪣־ǹһˡ
½ѹͨ˶󣬶ȴкס
½ѹֻأλʥ˵ƴ󡣡
½ѹǻս̫Ͼŵӣһʱ䣬ȥͽ֮УȴǼΡ
꽣꣬ɻ½ѹЦͨ󣬴±޿ɱܣλָѰ
Ԫʼһۣϲ½ѹ£Ϊֲֻ˵½ѹĿ󣿡
½ѹЦ̫Ͼ׼˼㣬˸һţ˴Ľ˴󣡡
׼Цˡ
½ѹ빬˵¾ţλԱ㡣
Ԫʼ½ѹȿʮֲã½ѹһ·һ㣬˵ã֮ǰڣ½ѹǳųţ
Ȼڴ֮ǰɽ
أʥ̹ʱ󼱣̫Ͼһ˱ԼҽԲολʥˣټ½ѹ
ſָģͨ߸ߴסǰʱΣһǾԸ̫˿ﲻæǴ±ǽҲɽ
ɱ̫ɣ㷲ȻҪʥƵġ
תͷһǲŮŮһֱסͨߣƫƫҪ֮ʱҲȥˣ
ʱ˿̣ͨ裬ȺĶ
ǰסۣͨתͷһۣʱһ
ֻͨĿѳ˰죬Գһ̬
ֻͨҧڣΣ
ش󾪣үأ
ͨͫһתһۣȴ
һĵͨǰֻסǵʥˣλʥ˴ܣɽʵ𣡡
ͨں߳ĪҪڳǰӣҶ󣡡
ȴǲɹִ̫ϴү
̫ϾҲȴסֻ˵֮£˵ħ룬ȷ
̫Ͼصԣħ塣
촽΢˵˵ҪɱƽǵģүҲͬ
̫ϾƤһֻ˵䲻ˣȻҪɱǣ
شЦһ˵ү֪廹ϵˣ֪ħҲˣүҪħֵҪе³
̫Ͼָ΢ֻԣغȵԻڣ̶̫˵ʦĪ˵ȻħģʦҲãڰ˾Ŭסġ˴ħ
̫תͷɫ΢ԭʼһԣԼҴģȻǻ̫϶ҡˣ˵ĪҪغԣˣͨҲΪ֮Ǽʥˣµ䣬˵ģҿʮɣǱܷΣ
ĪҪ˶ҡ˵٣ҽ׽סԸԣɽħͨ죬˵ͨ죬ﻹǸɼģǷˣǲ
̫Ͼ˵ǣȽ׽סذ˾
ֻ½ѹóնɷɵ˵ȥ
׼Цãˣȥսͨ֡
ơͨڣڣԳһ˿⣺ȴ㣬˵ٶҲã飬ҪˣȲǸĵġ
˺󣡡ͨһȣֻسǰλʥǳУ
׼˼߱ԭʼ⣬ֻҼлͨȥͨƼͽҶӳɱ󣬵ɱȻ񣬵ס˹ƣܹ߱һӣǿס⣡
ʱͨһʹһѪֻ̫ϾճһֻҴܣ̨
̫Ͼժɽһͨ죡סְɣȻ˿
ͨһɱɷǣòףֻɱȥߺ޵ȽҪס֣
λʥ˽ǱһɱҴܣֱ˵۳죬Ԫʼ𺰵ͨס֣ԵΪ˱ĩãΪֹǰô
ͨЦһƼԭʼؿһǸʥƤ⡪
ᣬͨ󣬺Ϯһֻһɵĵأͷ½ѹȻ
ĪҪˡ½ѹ˵̫ϾҪ׽ȥ˾߰գ㿪˷֮ң֮УٳٱԳ
ضƬ̣ļ
½ѹ˿˵¾󡣡
Цֹġ
ֻҪ¾ɽժȥɡָסǽ½ѹ˹ȥ
ǽףȥժ
Ҳ˵ժΪ˱ᣬժ
ֻػڣᱻ̫ϴˣľֹȥժ
½ѹɫ԰ףѪ߽һ֡
ֻػת¶һĨºЦ⣺֣Ϊ롪
½ѹͫȻֻ˫ס󣬵ӿϮڲ֪ģǺҴڶһ˿Ҳ
һȣҴܵĵһ½ѹƿأһ½ѹ˫Юסֻڱ۰֮С
½ѹŭˣ
ڣʮоУȻֻܹԹȼơ
ػ䣬ֻɽ֮У̫ϾһɽѽͻȻڵأ
үؽ󺰡
ֻͨˣѪ˺󼸲ʥˣȴ̫Ͼɫ԰ף˳С
˵ӳ֣䣬ֻ˵ͨȻ޷֧Ŵˡ
æǳסͨ죬æ½ѹ󺰣˵ãҴȿߣ
а½ѹ֣
½ѹأֻֻЮסԸ֣Գ΢
½ѹ΢̾һֻ˵ֻһء
½ѹϣظϽͨ챳סʥһֻۣס½ѹֱۣȥ
ͬʱȼƵеͽȻ飬ԭʼʢǴˣ̫Ͼ̸ҪҪ׷
Ψ׼תȼƣȼ˫ֹסֻЦ
ȼƻۣ״ַ


95 
Խ, ҹӽ
˵ųر̾ǰл, صȥˡ
ͼֽȮֻͰȥˡ
᪼ںȮǰ·, ȮͻȻһ
꯴ˣأһ״, ֹ
ǰͷλεĵص, Ȯȴֹߡ
ǰȻ죬ͣס, ȥ
Ϊһʧ꯻ڱ˼Ǻ, С, ֻ̤ǲӰ
λСƤ, ǰֻһ, ʱȻ
˿ڣΨһ, 
˲
ܡбһġ
ڱ, ˾ֳ񶼣Ǵӵ³˸ͷˣȹ, ظòᡭ
Ǳһ˳ǳ⣺ĪҪҾģ
Ա죬ʣȣǿˣȥģ
м˳ڡ
Ǳʵмã
Ц˵ڵģᵱȻã
ǱתͷһȴͷտҲˣ
ֻ˵ƥģ
ǱͷһǼһӣӦͻȻһ
Ǳµ˲䣬ļֵܣһ㣬
֣ݣЦ᪹渻ģȻȥ칦գ
ǵȥתת·ĵãϽ˻ȥ
ʱȥʱѣʱȻ˺üˡ
ҿȮߣһһڵصת˰죬Ѱ˸֪ڣǻصԭ
ԭһﻹݣǼλСʬװˣ
Ȼ˵зƣʧ֮ص
ｫ˻أǳŶݼףҲǳס
Ҳ߲һսģ
ųǰţɱһţսΧģһὫǱֻϽģһɱſḸ
ſǵҪô
ܹȥһſȻѪ˵ϣ
̾ϢһɱսһȣȴǼ컯˴һ
컯Ҳڴˣ꯾
컯תͷһꯣʦֿңӺ
˵رסͨ죬ס½ѹֱۣææȥ
½ѹһأɫ԰ף亹ֻ˵ͷ׷ˡ
öȥأؼ
ͨ죬һ˶ͬʥˣɽԡѪʱǻԲѡ
شʱޱȵǣǵǻ˱ιҲҪסǵԼҽˣΣϾʥ˿ɲһ㡣
½и߸Ķţ߸ĵˣҪˡ
Ȼǲָ½ѹ⣬½ѹܣ御ˡ
ʱǰͻһŮͯ󺰣ֿ
ضһŮ洣ϲ
½ѹƳŮ洣سȥҲǲ
Ů洷·𿴲½ѹֻ˵ߣĪιˣȥƶ
̫Ͼͨ׼ˣ˵½ѹȥ׷ˣ˽ǲ²⣬ȸǻرι
ʥ˵޶ΪǴҲ˼Ϣ
λʥ׷Ƭ̣ͻȻͣ£ԭʼüȷŸĵˣ·ˣ
ؼ˵ȻȥŮ洵Ϊսȴǻ˴󱦣Ըʥˣʱԭʼˣܵġ
̫˼Ϣ˵ȼƼææ̫Ͼ˵ʦʦˣ
̫ϾǱͽܣΨţɴǸ߸˸ͷħ֮ףӰﻹ˼׷ͨɱأֻҪϽҵⱦͽܲźã
ıˣ̫æʡ
ߡȼ˵ʦߵü졣
׼ȼһֻۣ̫ϴ˸ף˵࣬ǲŶλˡ
̫ϾͲԪʼ׼ȥ
ȥգ̫Ͼ̾һ
Ů洴żߣϢƶ
ǻƶƣһ󶴸
Ů˴ڻƶиСҲȥʥкֱӽص˽ȥ
ͨƽţ֣Ī½ѹˣͨ籨ţ
ŮڶƣɽͼרӦ½ѹֺã½ѹס
½ѹ޿̣ڿڣҪˣ
Ů洺ǺһǿɲһϾõֳס㣬Ӳˡ
ؽͨʯϣ½ѹһۣóõֻס˫֣ȥ
½ѹֻͷЦŶ㻹أҲҿң
½ѹ˵ˣȷʵ飬Ҳӣֻã˸ᣬųϿ˵˴ζˣǸ
½ѹЦһ˵½ѹϾʮо׽ޱƿأ˵αΣҪȼȼҪǶԸأ
ز𻰣䳰ȷֻȥͨ졣
ֻͨѪ˺ۣ˴أصǵԲ˺ã취
Ů̾ʥˣ˽Ҫʳ᲻ͨǵҲΣֶŵ
ȻȥѰ̫ϾԪʼֻԸ뷨ӡ
ʵи졣Ů洿סء
æʣӣ
һһ˰ˣ
Ů洼ԴƬֻ̣һЦ˵ķӽаֻѰҩΣ
͵͵Ƴ½ѹ½ѹڿ½ѹҩòƿɾˣȲʥˣҲΡ
ؾԸƤǹˣʱûǸȥʣͨ죬ڻǹȥ½ѹ
ǿҵҩ½ѹü˵˵㷽ӱǸˣѲǷࣿ
ŮԳ½ѹѻƪǷ͵ҵģ˵ңҲûӣȴˣĪ˵˵˽ƻúܣڲôˣ
½ѹŮ洷һȥ˱
ؼͨ쵥ţѪǽѪɾǸ
Ů½ѹսڽŮ洽½ѹ𣬶˸徲ˡ
Ůд˸أֻ˵᲻ƶʣȥѰҩ󲻵ũԸȥժɽϾҩٲ㣬ͨ죬һʱˣáӳһذ⣺á
ȥũǵͯ˵ԼүڱչأҪԸȥѰҩ
һ߽ҩģһȥѰɽɽҰɻҩݣ̺죬ããһƬ
Ѱ˻ᣬһҲѰҩҲǼˣ໥ЦҲѰҩģῴҩǴã·ˣ
شǣҲҩһϲָͨһҲĪҪѰҩźãƶأӵţ
ЦԼСͷˣһ⣬Ǵ˶飬֣ǳѰЩҩЩʳּᣬ㵱ʲãѰҩ
رһҩݹڣз£ؼͷ
زżһţ˵ȻջųأһսذΣںδ
ֻＰãǲȥ
ػŮûӰѰҲѰڱιֲ֮
ؽ󣬲̰ͨҲ±ߵҲѧûŮָ㣬˲ҩҲ
˵ҩػǻģڶлߣرòҩŷһһˡ
ǵɸҩǰƣһʱɳһҪӵĿҩ
Ҳûգֻͨʥ壬ϴҩ
ŮⶴûҲûɶҲֻÿͨ졣
ֻסͨӣһ
Ҳɼʥˣܴ˵ҩ񣿡ظһ죬˻ͨ죬૵·Ƿһ㡣
ؼͨһסʥҲ㾳֮ʱǸ̾˼Ůǻ⻰⣬Ѳɻ֮˵
ּͨüͷ壬üһᣬֻֽüһ㣬ֻüշ·үӳ˰죬Īδ֮йأ
ˣү
ֻչȥƿƤսһʱ󾪣Ŀֺһ֣
ϽȥƿһĿסۣͨ˫ĿͽȻ
ضʱϲүˣ
ͨ˫Ŀεһ㣬ݸ䣬䣬ͫ΢߿Ǳѹסʯϣ
ΣϢ̰Ϯͨſڱ㳯زҧ£۵˷
ʹ޷ֿ޷˲䱻һɶ
Ժţʥһҧһʹʥȴͳ
ȳ·ļ
ؿŶģ壬ѪҺȡѪҺȡǣԴ
ػķǵ͵Уʧеڴ
ŮĻ½ѹҲĸԼ䣬ţԸͨ־Уͨѹ±ȻҪĽᡣ
Ҫš
ȻȻҪ˼ˣҲ
Ĵȥûʶ


96 
ˡ
ʦá
Ķ
Ժ, ±һƬڴףͷ·ڽ۵
ǵԲãã, ģģУֻ۵۵΢, ﹲ
Ҳù˶ã·ãһꣿʮꣿꣿȻǲˡ
ֻô˵Ũ, 徻
úϵˡ˵Ҫնһʬ
·ֻһ˵
һ, 壬ֻģģиӰ, ػأһϮ¡
ֻһ, Ȼ, ̨һ֣ͻȻſ˫Ŀڿģ
, Ȼ, һģһ
زֹ, 򽥽, δʥˡʱĴܡɽҰСϵʱ˿̣ͣһ˲, 񷡣
ھ￪ʼշת
ؿ˳߽һ֣һۡ
ҲҲǿҲڿͬʱҲ࣬ڵһͬʡ
һ
Բãã·ʴ
һ
͵ͳ·ૡ
ǵʬʬĨͷĨ־ǣʲô
֪˶ãиһ￪ʼͷ¡
Ů˵ҪλʥˣŮĪ뵱ʥˣǼһŮ֮ԱǣΪᣬĵʥˣ
ѽͨ쿴ˣǼһֿʼ۴󺰣ǧĪҪУ˹ŹֵúܣָҪ󶴣
оȥӡͨսƬ̣¶Ц⣺յƵƯ
ǼһԲֻ֣ڣι֣ͨˣȻҪʵҪҪˣ
Ȼ޳ǣιʱǻĪҪڲᣬĻ˵ʮ겻˵һ䣬Ѳ㻹˵
ǵƣһ½ѹ
½ѹ˵徻һ
ʦ˵ƵоûˡͨЦ˵ƺÿ
΢΢ۣͫһƬӰӳղǷһһУ˳Ӧ
費һвȻְ𣬲ˡ
ǵƣ˼׿˰죬ǵʹޱȣˮͣӳģӳ˫ͫס
һٴ˵仰
ϲȥա
һأس
ͨһ·ͨҲ֪ҪȥĶ·ûĿĵأǺͣ
ս˶ٴܣĽҲ֣ɱᱦְֶ˵ᣬȥĶأ
гһգԸǺˡ
һҪʦǰ㣬ӣ޵
Ũ㣬ޣ徻
ĴܣʿԲϲ̸ͨ˵˵Ը죬Ӻԭʼ˴
һҲֵ徻ʱŪŪˣ˵ãбԵֲϧŪ
ѡ˱һѨ
ͷѩأХһڱڵϣһ
䡣˵
̶ʧЦַǵȳС֪ůħˣ˵䡣
ϣأһڱֻǵڵϣȼ
ǶﾡʯɫҰ䣬һȼӳɫů˲١
·ů˲١ͨ˵ղ޵ˡ
ͷ˻ѩֿڶ˻ᣬģ˯˹ȥ
ǵƷ紵ôȼһҹ
ͨǵƻȼţϲǱʦǺõġ
˵áͨãὫ˵Ʒڴ˵ռأͷѰ˱޶
ͨ·ãڶڲ󣬶Գȥˡ
صãͨһΡ
ڶƣ©ٳʧЦԭͨ쵱꣬Ҳǲġ
Ѱ˸©󣬱ǳȥ
ͷǱѩأʢĵأóأǱȲá
ֹ۴˵أŶѨλǽιǷλңңһҲǾ̾ȹʯ䣬ѩХ֮أҪ澳
ͷ˻ᣬ˻磬˻ѩڿޡ
عȥһ˾Ů洣
ͷأ˵ѩԸҲҪѩˣ
Ů̧ͷôһǶ˱˻أίޣʦ۸ң
һ㶣Цʦ𣿲ˣ
Ů˻˵·ֲǣ˵Ƚǹ۲ʦݣ񣿡
ĺң
Ů洽ϱѩ˶ѩžһأϸΣ˵˵ʦ˵ģǡ
ҪȥĶŮʡ
˵ڿޣǹĿˣ
ȥȥ̫ˡŮ̾˵ʥλȥʦǰ
ȥ
Ůſʮָƣ˵ȥʦǶЩǵȷǰ۸
õķҲǺõģǿǡ
ŮȻ˻Ҳͬ˼ȥĿأ㷽˵ѩˣ
ЦѸƣĪҪˡ
ŮԱᣬһԣضѩˡ
Ůר˵زѸ֣ѧһ
°Ȼ
ѩҲüϸ棬˹࣬һ
ҪЦɽӣǧٹ֣ѲɺĸҪˣһ⣿
᲻ţͷµ䣬ԸЩ·ȥˣһ㡣Ůһһѩһ˵Ǻˡ
ؼëմ˱ѩֻȥͷϺѩڣˣѩЩҲҪģ
ὫȰض
˵һůֵˡ
Ů洿˼ã˷ܺзˣ
ӣ
ԵȻס㱣ס
ŮЦ·Ըⷨһʧ
Ůѩ棬һԿ˻ᣬֻǶ
ͨ컹
ڶڿ˻̯˫ƣ૵ڴ
ػ䣬һΣͨˣ
̶ͨϲ޳ˣ
Цѽ
Ѱ౦ơ
ͨ콫ڻһǶһѼƷ󱦣
ͨһ汦Եõ˼ʣЩҪǷڷǻᣬһҪոˣԴ
ĸã̳ˣˣ
Ȼ꣡
ֵͨ꣬˽Ƿϵģʯһ㣬Ҳˣǰ౦㲻ƫƫסͨյ׼Ҫ
һ˵һ߱꣬ɿݳ⣬ֻϵرĺһӣǲӰ
׷һȻѰˡ
ͨ󣺡Ҳŵģӵ˭ҲҲţ
յԸģֲӣ
̯ͨЦ㡭ĪҪ㲻һʦǴ˹ģðգޱߣ߲ˣ
ֻüë裬ͨ컹ںͷߴߴ˵ϵر·һڱˮڣһʰҪһδĿһеʥˣȻԣ
תͷֻһ䣬סڣ΢һͨǱ˼
ؾȿ˿˫֣Ըͨ·ͯһ㣬һָƷ
ǴʱȻ̫ô૵ͷգڤڤз·ʲô
ͨĴܣһ˼ģ㾹Ǹող޳Σ
üЦ㷽Żǰţ
ͨƲֻ֣˵ʦģĪҪΪᣬѰǽЩ㡭סأ˵ǶҪ޺ˣȱأ


97 
ǡҪ޺õĶ
Ƕ, ǷǸ, ʯᾣһѱǡҪ޺á
ͨȫԸ˵˻ѻֱ׳˵Ȼ, Ƽɣ޵ü죬ǰ޷, һ, ˡ˵Цһ޵ģȴ, Ǵѧʦʦնʬ, ҲҧҪն, ʦҲѧŴʦ˵䵭Ҳѧ, ˵Ҫе, Ҫѧһģ壡
ͬȷʵˡ
ʦնʬ, ˵ǿɳɵʥ, 㲻ѧţ
ͨһڶһЦɲѧնʬҪնʬʥǱҪʥһץһѣỹ֣и˵, ȼԴգỹǾǰⶴ޵Ҫ
˻ʬҲǰնġ
ͨ˻ᶴڵ̫Եǰʯɽڵˣ
յҲڣⶴľ͵ˣ
˵ҪȺڵϻͼƻصˣѰɽͷգ㲻ļգ
Ҫڴ˵ͨ˵ĲļҪӦ˷Ǿ䡮Ҫ޺õĶɲʳԣ
һЦ˵㳤ǡѲһϢһǡһǡһ޸Ҳǲ١
ͨЦ
̣ͨǵصˣҪޣҲꡮţǼˡ
ѩͣˣͷ̤ƽ̹̹ѩ֦ʼģ
䶴Ѩп
ʣֻ䣿
ͨЦֻҶˣҲá
㲻Ҫô󹬵ǧסǰ౦ģҪչءֻݵģҪꡣ
ͨͷ˵öԼЦԭ˵ӡҲˣǵӣɲ׼סԸѰôʦ˵ǰɣŲҪЩ˾ѪĽĵӣ̹ѪҲ˵ҪסǵˣҪ˹߻ᵹǾţǵ޵ģǺõġ
ǰظ̾һ㽫Ҫ
ͨ͵һһ˵ڤڤз·ĳֵüʵһ˻Ӻζ
ȴã
ͨҡͷããشǵ翣ֻͨһ䡰һ
ͨþòŻعڤ˼ãתͷ˵ֻֿʼѩддˡ
ͨǶҹǴ޵żֳȥѰЩϡ
ɲ׼ܡͨ׼ȥѰˣѰЩҲǸȥѰǽ
ǱҪѰ⣡
ʵȥѰҲȥѽҪڴ˸ضⶴ޺ãĸռ
ͨƳһۣ˵֮ǲȥ̫ࡣ
ͨ컰ϣڶڲ˸
Ҫʥ֮ˣмֹŹ֣²͸Ҫ˶༸ֵġ
ȥ˵ЩǸ©ͷȥ󵴶һ֡
ҵʲôģ૿ڣֻһ˵Ҳ벻ȥ·𱾸ˣȥ룬Ҳȥ롣
ȥŮ洣ѰãѰ
ټŮʱһ
ģˣüΪˡ
Ůã˵ĺþҲˣֲߣڴ˵ס㣬һѩһߵȣΪ㲻ء
ֿŮ洷·ΪߵֻͣЦ㿴ѩˣ
ظȥһƤһԭء
ֻаڵССѩˣ̬죬ȫģ
ѩˣŮ派סԭ
ˣõùȣΪ
Ů洹ȥǸѩ޸覴ã˵ֲѰˣϲ࣬ǽˡ
΢סŮ洣ʣģʿȥˣֳأ
Ů洷·Ըֳֻ˵ȲԸˣ·ǲһɵġ
Ů洶ǴΧѩˣѩ˿̵ǰ׵ú¹µһˣЩ
ʿʥˣǹ¶ģ˹ǵָһ˲˶ǹ˹¶
Ů洶סأЩֿģѩˣæ֮ͣˣǼãҲ޳Ƥ࣬ˣǲϲ㽫ѩ˴գ
޲ϲ˵࣬ѩ棬ãȴǵȣҲڻĪҪõΪ˷ˡ
Ůϲԭˣһᣬˣ
ЦƣͨڲԶ춴ȥѰˣҲ۸ˣҲа顣
Ů洱˵᲻ϲͨ죬ġ˵˵ţĿأ˫ʣĪͨһ
صͷһƣ
ƣŮ˵㣡̾һ˵ͨ˾Ҫȥˣǲ֣
ϧΪߣĪҪˣˣҶңˣ
ЦҲǷҪˣ޶·ȥѣֵĥһ¡
Ůۣã˵֮ͨ˲Ǻģģֵ÷·޳ԪĪҪͨ˲һ顣
Цῴ޶ȥѰˣòĶסˣ㳣ȥ˵
ŮϲЦտѽѽֿҪţ
һۣ˵ѰΪߵͣеͬŮ洡
ػȥǶǶȻ̣ˣ
ΪŪæȥ
ֻͨʯعŭ庰ȥĶˣ˵õסô
˵ȥߣǰģҪһֱţֽŪˣ
ͨǷŭȥߣᶼˣãģ᲻Ѱ౦ˣô·ЩίֵֻΪߣָָ޶ģȻȥʦˣŶ㻹еģǵûأ
һ˵ʮַ꣬·ڶסƵģȸѣͷ˼꣡ôˣ黹ƫִС·Ҫ˳źţȻҪ򻵶ߣ治ͨ컹ܲܳɽʥǰƽӣ
ͨ컹ڷѾ̫ˡ
ͨںͷ󺰣Ҫȥģ
ֻȥģˣˣǶҲ£㰮ޱޣ
˼ֻԸ۱סͷһͨۿ죬ֻСڣǲǿҲѰǽǲˣģȥѰˡ
˵ţ⿪ۣؿԳһ󶴣Ѫ˵ƣҶˣǻȥѰɣ䣬ҲѰţѽ
ͫ΢ǲֻ̣˵ˣѰѨ˰ɣ
ͨЦǰ߱иȥ
ͨȫԸˣǲѰŽôȻǡ
ͨˣаصͷ
𣬶￴ůůģЩĬͨƬ̣ĳ޳Ρ
ֵ᲻޳ΣʱԸˣааգ
ͨ˵ǰҲ㣬һ˺úõģҲɲҪ
üҪԣԸ˵Ҫģ㻹᣿
˵ˣȥ᲻޶еذƣͨ춢ס˵޳Σܵģȥˣأ
Ŷز㻭ͼ޶ָ󣬳ȥˣһضǹˣ㻹§ʯͷŰգǵƲҲɷջһأ
ͨæ˵᲻˵˵ˣĪҪ棬ƣպˣѰأ
ؿһۣ˵ҲǷҪѰǽģǽģĪѰˡ
ͨæ˵ҪѰģҪѰģűãѰü죡
ǽ·Ӧͨǻ˭ҲѰҲˣֻȥѰ
ȴԽԽãƵģûˡ
һգŮŹѰˣЦƣ
ֻŮСˣǿ̳ģ̵
Цأ
Ů洵󣺡ỹЩ˻أ
޵Ů
Ů洽У˵ˣ˵ģģģǰˣˣˣá
ȥˡ
ŮЦֿˣи뷨ᣬ˵ղ˵ˣȥˣ
ڶ˼ȦȫԸΪɶҪĴأﲻãҪͨ޶ҲǿͨǰģԲ̣Ҳǡ
߳ȥֲȥģ·ȶҪڴ˴Ƕעǡ
ˣҵ޺öգ޺˾ͻȥ
ȥȥ˰죬ͻȻ벻ˡ
أͨȥһ꣬£ҲŸ޶޵ģˡ
գڵϻ˻ҪЩͨͻȻˡ
˵ĵһ仰ǣǽҲš
żŨѪζæȥüأ
ۣͨ˱壬Ǵˣ
ΪѰǽס
һȥѰ
سɵӣѰֲǷҪǽĪҪѰˣ
סֱֻۣסۿ˫Ӱ飬ֻǰ౦㶼һֻۣйǽ֮⣬᲻Ҫ˵˵ΪߣҪ߱ˣֶˣ˽ȥˣأѰҲѰ㣡㣡޳Σ㡭
̫أ˵껰ڽסȥ
æס˿ˣǲҲ̶á
Ҫüˡ
ظƬ̨̣ǲȣȻˡ
ضƬֻ̣һѪܣιѪ
мҰգСӣؽѪѵô󱦣Ʒ˹ΪĪҪˣ
ͨ˴ãɫ԰ס
ڿŶƬ̣գȥŮ洰ˣ洦Ѱغˣˣͨһʱڣ治ģٴȥҪԶӡ
Ժ˯£ԸľŲһۣͨ쾹ǹҧ
ϣ𿪣
Ѫ ҧסǣָֻס̨ͽȻ۵üУ
Ķ㣡㾹ҪĨȥ־ָ۽ģסѪ֮µĹͷͨ졪
ΪΣʹǱԴӿ籡һ㣬ֱö˵ۿҡ˿裬ֻͨñˣ
ͨ˫ַֻ̨һС
ǣͨ૿ڣ޳αҪȥ̫ǿˣܲסֻҪǻڡֻҪǻڡֻҪǻһġ
Ƭ̺ǵƽϢһƬž
ͨ˫ĿΣֻо۽ֻ֣ȥ
ͨҧָⰴüģ
ȴصĵϣ˫ĿһƬǵѪüĻ£͸ǴһѪ졣
ͨ˫ֶòȣֻҧָ⣬һѪסԸüġ
Ѫ̹ǡ
ιͨ˫Ŀͨ죬һˡǾˡǵôҲˡ
ͣ󺰣ĺذһֻת֮ڣȥֻŮɱ⣬ؽ̨һţ
̨һ󰧺ʱҲ
ͷѪˣڵڵϡ
Ů洹ڵأһһϸػǡ
ֻˣָֻ̨˵Ļһһƴգ֮С
ĪҪģȻоֻأһգõġ
ŮֽѪҺƬ̺彥ɢΨʣŮˡ
Ůڵϵͨ죬ҽŲסʺͷе
ǵͨͬһȻ֮һ޴
ˣҪأҪ˺ÿ
лҪ˵һͨ죬ʿǶ˵ЩȻ˺ܾãǲһÿӴܶˣΪŬܵʱǶһԸɳ
ǸʱȻͻȻһ˸棬ض˵һСҪߣһĸףһɷϲӡ
СƫִȱȫеģɷԱġ
ߡĸ׻ӣƿزˡ
СΪ߿϶һֱģΪĸǲȥĴڡɷΪӵ
ʵģ߻ᶪʧĸ׿ټޣӱ̫࣬׷һѣ޷ƿء
ʱôأҾ£ҵĸһټޡҪʲôҲҲҪ۸ʲôۣҶҪõҲɷǱʶ֪ҲôҪؼɷΪΪڵõḶ́ԣˣΪô£жһ£ǸõɷϿɣһֱһˡ
֪һʼǴģ˴ڲԵȵĹϵ
ȻٷһأصȻΪһߡһλĸףӡ
ͬʱڣЩ޵δͨʶһѣһѺͳȫģѣչСǲûְһֱһ
ǵǷ
ȻǣǿԱƿصĴڣҲҪˣͨǱʶ֪ԼǷʱߵô棬ĸôᣬôͻ취ÿƿأȥֻһˡ
ôƫִСȱȫеĵĶӣԱɷ򣬻ʲôأ
ûиõĲգĶ˼ʲô
⣿ֻܸ⣬ֻԼҲ¡
Ů洸һţ̨ǲκʷҡ


98 
ػ, ֮谵Ψһ
ˣ
ͨ, ָ΢·Ҫæȥ
תһۣɲҪ, ԸҲˡ
ػķüͨ죬Ůأ
ָͨһ, ɫ, ֻ򶨣ʣǺᡮүô
һ, ر¹ʯ, űͨ͸, ʮƯͨȴһϡ
Ůأʡ
Ůͷءֿͨ˿ɫ
ſ˫һ, ˵Ϊ·ˡ
᲻ƾΪסͨ, ˵Ҳ, ΪȻ, Ů洡
ͨſڣ˵ȴȻȥѰŮˡ
һҼŮ, Ƕң߸ߵȴչͷŮǵ´·𷺳⡣
ָֻԭͯŮģ
ѩʱХѩ׷ɣ·ůģȴˡŮ̧ͷͷչ⣬ſ֣סչֱͫףЦѸ֪ůҲһ㡣
عȥסֻ֣û
޿ˣԭ÷˥ġ
Ů洿ס˫ۣ˵ĪҪ̣ĸԸģʥλֶᵱΪǰǲʥҲˣҵǻѣȻ޸Ҫɣˡ
ĪҪῪ١Ů˵Ǻͨ졭أ˵ǵֺĳڴ˽֮Уʮ˸ͨҲ䣬ȇNɪ
ͨһһǡʣĻ£
ŮЦķˣͨǻ
˵г֮ˣǻǰˡ
ϧŮ̾ͨ˺ãǰѰҲӲأ˵һһ㲹ȫѺˡ
ѹȥҩ֧
Ĳ̡ŭ᲻ǵǻ߿һᣬ˷·һ㣬ȥ㱾Դ
ʱЭ飬ỹĪҪἰ£ŮȻΪἴҪ䣬ˣ
΢ĻӦ
Ů洶ʱؿ˵㿪֮٣׼ı
ɽ׼ˡԪʼ㼰ʱҲڡͨˣ˵ҽ½ѹ˵
Ů活Ŀּ̾ǲˣҲ㡣
Ὺ˽٣Ҫͨ죬׼Ҳ̫ƶ񤣬ûˣȴ뵽־˴˵ءŮü˵ǻǣûҪֻأȴˣ
Ů洺ЦˣɱбҪ֣ȴг˸ͨ죬˼ǰҲ벻ף˵֣ǻȻ򣡡
о衢֣ԭ㣿˵
Ů΢ٴ
ʣǰģǲ룿
ŮˣҲȴȫ㡭ᵱʱħս
ֺ̾αأʥˣҪȥմǴ󹦵£񿪽٣ǧǾУ˴
᲻Ů˵֮ʱѸ˥ߣȻ֪ϮˣҲĹˡ̶Ц˵֣ҲֵˣҲ˶ãԽֻǺȫԳԸ
ְ㡣
ؼͫ׽䵭Ƭ̣ĳڣ򡣡
Ůæ˵ǵ֣
ֻüһ㣬Ů˫Ŀֻػڣ˵أ˽٣ͨҲãҲգסǣ
ػ䣬Ů活¡
غźãüһһѪɫºͣڣ˯գһջʱȻˡ
ǻծġ
䣬˸ֻ
ιͨڼҲƲˡ
ͷͨסһԻзˡ
Ůͷʡ
סա
˵˻˳ȥ
ͨںͷãһ·ĬҲҲҲ˵
úڿڣǷڹ᣿
ЦһУһҧҧΣͱԴҧԣ㣡
ҧգءɫףͫ΢֮ʱ㲱һƬѪ죬ֻá·ֻصգǳΪʬΣҲӦõġ
ضƬ̣̾ˣᵱд˽٣ʵгˣˣ
ͨ죺ˡ
ʣ쳣
ͨ죺ޡ
شЦһޡǲˣջɽ󣿡
ͨͫ΢ضס˫Ŀ˵һΣһ£
ͨĿ죬ֻڣȲʣ飡˴ɽ󣬲һλˣ
ü̳ꣿأ
ͨóأ˵Ҳǿ˰գֶ֣ᣬᣡ˵ţֹһֱס·˵ųڣѹ˵ʦҲƫ̻
ͨ졣βνס˵㻹ǲڸġ
ͨһͷ·еãã٣Բããش˻ʦغһ¡
عʱֻԸһգᦣȻС
أͨ켱æڣΨУ
ؽһգֻ˵᲻ţŪˣҪʱ㡣
ͨ컹˵ֻЦǳһ㣿
ͨһֻ˵ĪҪǵ˱ȽϣŰգ㡣
߳⣬ͷӿɽããҩݣɻɳһƬؽסһ껨˰졣
ͨںͷҪ
תͷЦϱλʥˣֻλ
ػ䣬ֻͨͫؿХʵķ磬ǧɽˮϯ
أͨĲһ
ֻЦ˵˵ѣǲ׼
ͨ첻׼׼˵ǻʱӦ
һһ֮٣ʱȻʱͬıضҷ˴ڣο㵨ע⣿
ֻصƮ𣬴ۣЦüԳһ˿ɫֻһۡ
䣬۰Ļ֮ͬ˼ȡһ˷
ͬʱ⸸;еɡʦú˫ĿĿıʧȻʧɫ
Ǳԭ͵깫ڷɿ챼ֵ·;ϣͻȻԵڵأΪǽ¡
İգһҧ겻ȣֱǽƻɡʦðᱦԭΣΪʧҲûˡ
ҪˣҲȥЩա
һ߼ƻδ·һŷλߡ
ողȥѰǽɣβͺһۣ߲ǰ
תͷһֻһһץסβͣЦǺǵĽס
ǵһ󺰣֣㿴ƶһֻʱӣȥƶؿҪԷˣ
εһۣѾżˣ޾ɵ룬ֻʱܳԵͷôǶıһˣƫƫҪȴ˻ӣ
ؼǣ򲻹ˡ
Ϸһ˫ۺһգ¹ʯһ϶͸ޱ
Ƭ̺˫ĿֻλΣ˳ؼεɱһƬȴ
Цһתͷͨ죬˵߰գ˽٣ýˡ


99 
ԴཪԺ, Ӳ˲٣ֿʼĥ췴
һģ
޲ɵ, ǵ˼佫֮λȴǵȡ֮ˣ֮͡ˣмŦ
һûǱ¸Щ߸ϵʥ˴򽻵, ЩʥˣҪ޹Ҫȴʳ쳾̻, ˼ŵ, Ҳû˼˵
һܹ߷ġ
, ȴþò顣
ż˵һа, ôЩ첻, ˵ġ
ųңƽôãſǷгĹֺʿ, Ű񻤳, ַַּʱ, ųذվųϻϲ
ſһ, ǾҵҵȴǱƭ췴, ø³
ųսƽϢ᪷粨Ƕ³Ҳһᣬѹʱɴ󻼡
һò˵ʱѳɴ󻼡
˳һɣǻս³һ㣬ƽ᪴ҡ
һᣬ½з֮ǽǷԣһһ룬̫ʦ򳯸裬֪ǵȱ֮ǡһ˵ٻǴڳΪãͷҲǲ֡
¼ս˵ãƷɻոǿ컯ֵ˵áؽ̶ŶݼסǻعųأµλɱԬսꯣ绢
ꯣôǵ궫³Ǳó˵ս˵ֻ·ʶһ㣬֮뽫λ󱦡
컯Ҳˣ꯿űȻ컯ʵöܸ࣬úյģҲΪϡ
սսΪսΪߴȺã˳¾ܹҪҪá
꯼ʱҲʮƣû컯ǰߣɱԬ顢սʹ౦ʱŻ
ģȴǰ˳˸ְ⽫ְ֮ǵȡ١ʵ̫ࡣ
˵־˼佫࣬½ĥ£պ޵ĥ£һ㣬ʦþòսǷҸӣҲ˵׼˭˭ʦ˴²Ϊصȵȣϸ룬ᳯʵıսңͿ̿
˵¶ҡӣԻ컯ڴ˵أҲڴ˵ذˣ᪷·ͷӬ㣬ǷǺڰףԺ
¹㣬·ΪģǻǴ᪡Կ̵һʱ᪱˺ˡ
Ȼ˼ȺС£벻ǵ֮˼޵޵ֱ׳İá
ѶҡѡӪҧҲʤȥ
оǰߣħǴˣȥӼݡ
ԹûǵȸǴ۵Сۺ
ر𣿡ԹʣضģŲǷһˡ
ϲӦͣǾǣҰظҲģǴ·ǿ󱦣˵ѽվһͽǱ뱯
һЦסϲģǺǵϲĶ뱯Ϊֻأ
ۿͷǱӣ룺С֣ԶŴҲŴպϣеûţ
᪶ƵѽԹ˵ˣʮ޺˵Ļ
Թ䣬ֻͷбиλս£
λҲ̫죬Ҫֳúá
λ̫ȥ
ϲҲֻסǺڷֱĥķ衣
ʱбλȥս£
һæʣأˣ
Ǳͷ˼⣬˵˵˵ˣǵΪĸ֪ˣ̶ʣһģ
ǱһˣҲģѰˣ
ԹһЩã˵ˣĪǻΪ˵ڴˣᵳؽ̣˽Ĵӣĸȣ
ԲͨĴӣ֣
æ˵Ī⣬ֲ֮Ƚϡ
ǺЦ᲻ƽϡһ˵Ӫлһˣδ֪ˣɲһ㰡ǵӣ
üλ̸սսֱһʣǻֻ֣̿ǵģҲɷǣֻ󣬴·ҲʶԴҲʮ񣬲ʣҲЩ°ա
ԹԴЦˣʵǵȣǶŸɼӻˣؽ֮ˣȻѧ˽ǳ̬˵ӿѧţû֧ţб¶ڣҪЦضȻǱòƭˣȥƣ
ϲİԹһۣ˵ɧӣһʼҲװԼǼҲ㣬Ըһ£󳰣
ϲĲŲˣҪϲصġ
ԹǰͷҪȥǵˡ̨棬ϲıı󣬿˹ⲽߣ
ԹȽӪϲۿսǱҪ룬ԹĻͷæתϲײ˸ֻԹŹбʲСĻϲ˸
ϲƿڴˣòԴòãΪң
ϽȥϲԴǰ˵أԹǰһۡ
ԹֻɷҲ·˻þ
λӣͷؼԼشððʧʧ˵þæȥΧסʳʶ̡
ƳһۣϲҪȥˣæסȥһҲԭأ
ѹԹ˵þֻͨƽȵһԣ
ˣһﻹαװ
ҪãʥλεĴһӪвض̶ԹҪս
ϲĻô˭ֻǲһĻȥ񣬳ƣ֡
ϲĸϽץסۣͷ϶ܴҪζԴֻǴԲҪ˺ÿԹͬݳУڳƣ
ϲĴ󾪣ʥ֮һͨŴ䵭һҪһֻСæȥסۣҲҴ˵͹ԹԴһԣͨ컹һۣ
ؼȹֻЦλ֣ڴӪ
Թæ˵ҡ
Ƭ̣ʵ˵ս£˵ţͨһۣ˵Ȼ㾳أ
ͨɲֻЦս£᪾ܹϢ˴Ҳóƶıֻ˫͸ޱȣڣ˴ΣȲսϹңλ˲룬˵ҪսǱǵͷȥֱȳϷΪֹ
һͨ˫΢ڣĴ֮·ϣλ׼գ


100 
Ƭ̺, λ˺Ѽ, ֱַλ־ıᡣ
λ˽ͨͨޱ飬, ǿ
ҲѹҪöλʥˣ˵ɼ, ֻλʥ, ˵ùȥأôǽؽ̵ӡιߡͯ, ȴ˲ӦڽϷ, ͨ컹治ɫ, ˹ˣ
Ѳڱι˱ദģʽͨ컹ҪͯɴֱӰүؼźˡ
ԶŴܡɢޣǴǰϲˣ, ׽ؽ, Ҳ̫ιŵ, Թλʦ, ãҽɲǰ, ϲ徲ͯҲǰ˼⣬Īϲ˵
λ˸ָ飬λȴ·޸ֻ֪ս¡
񶼱빥¡˵ȥ񶼣΢ӣڵɲһ㣬Ḹ΢Ϊۣ˵΢ҶϨ˻𣬵֮ԭ᪴˻ȼ˴ƣ֣΢˵֮ɣɶ֮ƣǲ
صͷ˼ǣˣСá֮˵ҰģңҴȻã˳⡣ͨ죬˵պսɺã
ͷ˵ս
ЦǵȵǿʤܣʱսȻ˴ˣŽ¶ᱦˡʥĸ޵ʥĸʥĸ˵գ
ʱͨһ˵ˣ
Ӫ⣬Ȼɳۣң˻ҡ죬ֻϿֶ˴죬ͷڽͷһֻһˣԼʮһŮɷǣƮƮ΢֮ò
ò˼УÿΣ˲̻°΢·𲻿ɽӽ
ڱֻǸ߸ϵһˣⲽнʣסˣϹݣֳڳƣ
ضһֹĴӣͬҲɣ
ɡɲ
ᱦһأܾʷ·΢仯ȴҲ˵ֻǶɣҲȥȻѰɣԼѰʳա̶ֳͨ˵ʮޡλλҪ
ͨô
౦˴ּ⣬Ȼˡ
˵Ҳͽ󲢷ǰ裬ƴ֮ҲǺƿأȼ˱ǹˣ˵СΪѹҲ
ͨһۣ˵Լǡ
˼Լҽ̬ȣҲЩĪأֻЦɲҲãҲָȻˣǾƺǴãȱǴȣ򲻹У˵ǲ
ԣʮֲã˵ǻ˼򲻹̣ҪȼβͶܣ
ͨ䶢һۣŵӣֻԼҽڣ˴δսȽָӡ
һǳֻͨһ˽
ˡһ˵죬ҲӣԼҽƴӣ˵Ǹٵģ
ȻǼٵģĴմӿΪ֤λò棬λεˣҲòδ˺쳾
޵ʥĸϸأ˫Ŀ͸Ŀ֮òּ䣬ͽ֮˵ȴóȻӽһǹ۲Ϊ
Ǻڱι֮ʱʱգ̶̼꣬޵˵ָգ۰ˣΪˣ
۹治ǸǵģѹֵǧҪȥѰˣѰòѰ֮ˣʥҲѰЩģñǰ˾Ҳǲħˡ
Ϊǵ죬аôȻǡһò·ԼҽҲǲġ
ɼĴҲƴӣǱ߻иͬҲ˸顣
Ҳһͨ죬ֻս½Ϊڴ򣡡
΢ô˼ǡǷһȥˣ°ˣȻȫȻףСסλ
£ϥ¹ģز˴֮ңƽøɸɾ
Цõġ
ʱͷֱɱˣ
һ˵ȻȥսȴˣǼã˴ͷ󣿡
Ǳ˵λˣָֻգҪ컯ƽ
ЦĻǻԪʼе㱾£ʮɻָùǿ죡
üֻش˴λǱ˲٣ͨҲ׾ٻԭʼ֮·𲻹ǻСһ㣬е㱾¡˼ҿʥˣȻбµġ
ȻˣȻָ䣬ȺĴܣʥˣСð࣬ôȴܡǵʥˣأ·ǴһѧĺӳԲˡ
ͨ쿴˵ʮɣһֱ𡣡
ضס˵ү
ͨ΢ֻ˵˾䣺ˡ
ͷսĵˣ˶λز԰ڣֻӦȺսꯡ컯ˣٵ㡢ƷɻԸ˧
ǽͮͮһƬ룬¸䣬ɱֱ棬ԶԶһۣ⽫ǽǵȷ˵̶̵ŽǲҲֻΪ˰ˡ
ؼˣֻȥЦλ֣
Դŭˣ˵
ءһ˵ˣн٣ʦ𣬲˵ֻء˵ս޳ȻĲ̣˽ǲףȼƵֻ֣ǹȷ룬ᱻ׽סɻ
µ޻˵ȿûôӲˣؽ죬Ҫ˼ˣԸҲš
ؽ֣ô˲˵ãһҲֹסԸȦӣֻסǻ컯һȣ컯
컯ѹֻʵʵʦ
Ц㻹úʦأʦᣬᣬӲˣԿʦˣ
컯ͷǺ˵Ǹѱӣģʦԣ±顣
Ȼ컯أ㳰ѲʦҪĸױǲҪˣǻ컯ȥᣬѲҪ߱ô
һԵĻƷɻһԲֻ
ЦŶˣǲ߻컯ĸĸǹԸѰˣҪȻҲû֮߱˵أǲõġ
ŭֻؿסһϲ£治ҲŲ£ֻǻ컯Ȼ˸һûĸᣬҲǴãӲҪ˵컯˹ȥ⣬ǻ컯ǼŵģǸƤģʦҲǳѧ֮ҲȻꯣ˵ȴǶˣƲѣ
ꯣûô
꯻صʦˣŵʦûĩֲ䣺ʦˡŽݡ
˼˳ţ·⣬ǲ֣ʵΪȥ᣿ѲʦڴˣҪʦ
꯵ͷ­صӲңȻڴˣҲ˵˵ʦڣʦᣬӲǵǷǶԴô


101 
һ, ǷǶԴꯣ㣬Ǿˣ
̧ʦ, Ȼŭ֮ɫɳ侲ֻʦ̵ӣĻ, ˣЩЩ£ʦԸ
˳Ĭ, Ҳ˵Ҫ, º, ˣ˵Щ, Ҫȵĵ, ˺£
ꯣֻ˵᪣ҲԴ, ֻʦ˵, , , ʱ룬Ȼ᪣᪱ǶԵġ
Цһ, ڵ⻰һһǱԸˣˣ
һЦЦ·ǳ˵ŭֻ࣬꯳һ񣬿ڳơʦ塯ߡһһۡ
˵ʦ˻꯲ͬġ
˺һ䳰Ǳˣ
Ц֮ԴҪ̶ֳ˵ʦʦ壬ȴҲ᪵ģ
꯴˻һҲһ㶣ֻ꯻Щߣ˻һʦʦҲһ˼̶˵˵˭˽˵Ȼģüͷأ˵ôԴ˵Ԫʼ̫Ͼͨλʥˣ᪣
ҡͷʦҲ˵׼б䣬ĵ֪
⻰컯Ҳˣ룬ͷԵģҪô˵Ҫôһˣ
ҪãΪĸֵܽڴ˱ߣĪҲӪսҲ˼࣬ꯣֻãʱ⽫ǻԥԥĽ˻·˼һ㣿
Դӣҽضģ
ԴЦִԲӣ㱾Ͳ˵䣬ȴã᱾һѲɲȣࣿҪ꣬Ҫɺڲͬ˵ǳ谭ѵ֪˲ȻˣѲɻҪֵأɱһڣ
ͨ죬ЦЦһۣڴ˵أ𣿡
Ȼƽ֮սھƺڣһɱȼƵˣ𺳾£ڴ˴ðնʿ֮ܡ컯ĪҪ֮ͽ
Цֻ˵ʵ֣Ȼ̣ʦԪʼܲ᪳Ц⣬ס˫Ŀ˵֮ˣݹ۴ƣǵܼҰ˰꣬飿ôꣿݹӦ°գոιӣ޹޴ǵһͿ̿ˣ˫΢У˵飬ŷˣ
͵һϣ˫Ŀ󣬾þòֻ˵ͽ㣬㱾ǽ֮ˣҪס˫ĿԸˣ֮սΪӲҪϰ飿˵߳ɵ߳񣬺ʱ˵ɣӮˣܳɵôǣʮɱ俪ɱβɱɱȥһ䣬ںδǷս˵ͷ˵Ҫ꯲Т֮أ㵶򣿡
ꯣʣʦսΣ
΢ȴ˵Ц㶨ȻʦС
ָ΢ԣ棬ʦͽսô֣ܳ
һˣæһ֣ĪҪܴ˺Ūҡİ
΢һꯣȻ˾
ˡ˵Ϊ֮գǿˣĪҪʦ
ܲ㡣
¶Ц⣬˵ʦȱ
ٿһۣ˵תǶˡ
֣սأ
ߵ˵Ȼˣһ·ˣ̫ڴˣȻߣҲǸ˵߱ߣ²ܵɴ˻زͬǻ컯˵սؼǻ컯
ǵз죬һˣǼס·ɱȻˣ컯ᣬˣ컯Σһ룬Щ˵߱ߣڴ˴ǻ컯Ȼұʹɻ컯Ӧˣأ
ԥ֮ʱ󷽼ͬҲǽ֡
ʱֻһզֻϿ˽٣ѹʱǺֻ˳ȣء
ͷһֻԻһˣԪʼ
æھƺ
ʱȻݲ˼˼ˣֻʮ߰˰ˣ˷ߵˣΨˡ㷨ڴˡ
Ԫʼųѹ޲̾ᣬ˵죬컯꯵ʿǿ಻ԣͬҲð亹
һȣԭʼү
Ǵһͬѹһֻȥԭʼ
ԭʼǼһ˵ȽһָҪֻ⣬ѹӿǳһˣ
ԪʼȻⲻǸιͯͨӰˣͨ쵽ң
ԪʼѹһˣֻΪͨ죬ʱŭͨ죡ң
Ԫʼһȣͨ쾹ˣֻͨⲽţ۶סԭʼ˵ֺô磡
Ԫʼ󼫣ϻɽǰأѹᣡ
ƳǾƺȻϣԪʼԣǸƴЦĴȺ
Ԫʼ㸧ǰЦôôǷᣬʵЦ
ЦЦүֻŶүǻЩЦ
Ԫʼԣȥغֻͨ̳ĺõͯ´ûûСˣ
ͨɳĬֻЦүүүЦЦЦүǻ׽͸ǶүͷѹС֮ˡԴ˴˵أүӪȴһ֣֣ȴһǳ۵ܵӡү˵òЦ
̫ԴŭȻ𲻾
˵Ǿúܵġ
̫Ƥ񣬱ǲĶ࣬ȴ޷ֻԪʼĿƬ̣Ȼѹһ壬ֻ䶢סأ˵ͨ첻㣬գѵ
Ԫʼ⣬ָס̨
ͨ췴Ӧǲ
ѲɵῪˣں͵Ϯ
Ȼǣͨǵɽ֮УȻһ˵ɽӳ֣ͨǵΪʵǱҪ͵Ϯ
˼⣬ǰ·̫ϾѰûѰ˵ʦ壬սɱأʦ岻Գ
Ԫʼί˵򲻹ƣ֣ˣ
ֻɫȣЦйסСӣҹ
ǿ֣ΨаķݣԸԸȥȻˡ
ԪʼƳȻЦǺǵɨ˵ɫ⣬ǽżһ㣬赭дɱ
ԪʼæȥÿһǱһȥ·λһ㣬ǿȻվһţ
ִֻ꣬ЦүȻҪᣬָأ
ԪʼüëδƤһͷһµۣȻһء
ԪʼȲѣʥˣ½ë˽ǲɴһ֣οزǸé®ͨΪĻˣǸ½ǣ
ǽ꣬ҲƼҲ˼Ʒ󱦣ⱦģ˶󱦾ǼƷҲǸ޳ɵģѵ죿˹
Ԫʼ˼֮ʱʺеֻǵʴߣڣԭʼˣΨ֣ܳ
Ԫʼһ㶣ֻ̫Ͼⲽ«Ҳͷֻ䶢סأԪʼ˵㾹ǿΪǳɱˣһԡ


102 
̫ͨϾ, ս̬, ֻغأ֣Ӧԣ
תͷһֻۣ̫Ͼ档
ͨȻ˾ϣּԪʼؼҪսս, æȥסԪʼ
̫ϾԸͽǱú޺޻֮ǿɫɨסȻҪɥ˵ء
ʱ, һʢ, ңң׼˵죬Ц, 㣡
̫Ͼ׼ᣬ˵ϲ, ǱͽҪ, Ǳ˵֣ǿˡ
׼ЦƶȻס
ؼ׼˹, ֻṥȥ, ౦ˡʥĸ, ȥ
޵ʥĸʥĸ˴, ƼҸӡ꯵սʮɣŶݼף, Թӣؾƺ󣬽᷽սзŻɱսĪսƺǴɱ󣬿ɹأĪҪ£
᪣ں󷽹սֹۣæ߸ӡ伪ΤһսȦս
æָӡ
ʱ˿̣̣˫£ս൱ɱһƬ
ؼλʥλŵϺŵĴʿڴˡ
λʥ˽Ҫдսλ˵죬ѹҴܡ
̾ⷽ룬ɽλǾƺ쪴ɱӿῴǱ֮ƽʮ֮ʱ˺ëֱ
ᣬɽͮͮһƬչŽǽ̤׳˻ͷһƬݵأֶǿ׺һƬǸ˿ֲ˴ǿߵͣ粻۴ģǵɱ
ԶԶȥ׼Ǻ䣬⽪б̡ѰһףԶԶǽִޣ£Ȼսָӡ
ּ󷽣ʡңңս·г
λʥˣͨ죬Ҳ¾սȺգ
žȻսһţ̫ϣֻսģսս
һ£޵ʥĸʥĸλսȷ档
ᣬӡʮɼ
ꯡ컯սӡ߸ħŻɱƼֵΧսΤƷɻɱϹ伪
޵ʥĸһ˶ԹӡȺˣû˷ӡʧͽ󽼣ǶԽؽޣȺ˶˷ȥ޵ʥĸ
޵ʥĸ˵ƽճءгšȴǵУɱʮ֮൱
ʥĸ׼ʥΪһսֱʮ̫ˡྫӡˣսֽҳҴ򣬵ҷ죬սΧ֮Уһһʽһֱ֣ˮһ˿֮䣬һһȥ
̫ˡӻ𱬣סʥĸ˹ǹüǿȴԿྫκηȻصȥˮߣʧ˰ͽǱʹ֮Уģִ̫ϣﶼǳԿ
ɵһȥֻ鱦ʦսһţϣȡ൱
ͷԹʦŻɱȴʥǷơ
ǽϿһȣֻ½ѹ˵Ī󣡡
½ѹͷɡˡ
½ѹءŮ洡ͨڻƶԸĴѰˣһҲǷ˻һʮơ
һؼɱһƬӿָһ㣬Ȼô²ãæ᪡
;лɡλӵָĵˣλһˣһȥɴһ˹
Ƿ䱻½ѹʮƣһеЩĪҪսóսƬɺɲɣ˶µ½ѹ˼ΪǰߣŪҲŪˣֻøһս
ԶԶһİֻƣνȥҪƳһɵɣֻ˵֣Ϊǿ࣬սˣü죬ֽƬȴɱǧǰսں߻ס㣡
ɴЦһ˵
Ƿ佫ֽƬһ飬ֱָ̾ǧֱֱɱȥ
һǿʼˣסĸ䱣˭֪һѽסһչһ˦ǽ˦˱ֱֱսȦ
½ѹأȻ̫϶һһԣͨ죬ұǱսԹǹȥԹ
һǾƺԹأƲɣҲǵɱǲأ˥ʱҲһѡ
̫໥̽ļǰֽƬһϮǷ䣡
æּ𣬸뷢̫Ͼָ˲ͷģ˺󣬾Ȼ·жϣ
ֻæзֽƬר˿𣡡
δ䣬̫Ǳմ磬شͷ­
ֻ̫Ͼڣ㻹ܷ񣿡
æһǱջһҪͷ­ȴҲܽһ֣
һ֣һࡣ
ʽ֮䣬ٶȼ죬ʮʦز໥ãȻһ˱㻻λá
лֽƬⷽս̾˼ǵ½ѹŸոյԹǰ
ǽְء
̫Ͼüͷ壬סأʣ˭
Цүȴǿôᣬ˭
㣬㲻һ㣬һΪǣ൱ȹ´йͨкĿģͨǻ֣˺£
̫Ͼ΢Уס˵ΪȵùʥˣȴʥˣǳʥΪ죬ȻҪѹ㣡
һ˵̫ϴүúڰ˾޵ȴҪͽǺαأ
̫Ͼһֱڴ̽˻˵Ϣй¶ͽȻ󣬼̶ŭͨϢ㾹ǳһһǣ󵨣ͨ캰ͨ죡Ѱɣ˳ǣ㻹ҪִԲƿô
ԭʼҲһֻͨ첻Բǰһͨ쾹һΪ
λͨ죬Ƿǰ򵥣ֻ죬һ¶аͫǰ죬һǱ㣬Ѱʥģ
ֻͬʱڣֻҪ᣿ô£ĸԸƫʱȴ˵ȣ˽ǰм겻УǴģ
̫ϾͨһΪǺ֮ʷħȻȱʧǵģҲͨİ쵽ģ˽ͨ죬ȴַ·ˣ
̫Ͼһ߷أһ˵ͨ죬˵᲻ù㣬ȴˣȽδʥ˵Ҫ޶ȱһ겻һһȥѰ㣬Ըô
λͨһϣͬʱء
̫ϾһֱסأǴŭѪΣ̨ңΪ
һЦȻˣǻѪ𡣡
̫Ͼŭݣֻ籦𣬵ȫȻס˵ôԭ㣬ˣ壬ȴг𣿡
䵭ƽֽȴǲ籦һͬͣһ̫ͨˣæҪȥأԪʼһԣͨȥֻԪʼ⣬ֱ̧ǽǺͨ카˹
ͨȥֻԪʼԴֻһسӦսĪҪңӦ
̫ϾЦһӦ
̫Ͼ䣬ֻ籦ε֮ơǵسѹ
ֻأýȥ֣籦̫Ͼʮɵѹ˱޿ɱܣǱһֻۣһн籦
ǼƷ󱦣ϽǳԻ磬󱦣ʱֻסѹȥأΪ൱ûǰɱ
Ψзӡһ
ʹǹѹȥڵ籦һ
̫Ͼءһ죬Զָ£һϡ
Ƭ̺СС
ڽװ˽ȥ
˿


103 
, ӿֻա
˻֮Ѱͬ, ˻ʱյ˴ңʱü˶ɱ飬ʹǴ޽ڴˣҲǵóɸҷ
Ƽӳ, Ϳɿһл, , 
籦ҲǳԻ, Ѱضԣָּ䲢ܽ, , ȴһ㡣
в𣬻׵粢棬, 
׵, Ȼ, ɹ, ֻأ꿳ɱˣΨֵ
ضǻ, һ·һУǻһͻſڣ⴦Ϯ
ǻƼһ׹빭·֪ǿ֮ɣֻȻɱ
һ˿ֻסֻһֹסͷѲã˳ֻ·תζ˫衣
ʱ׵Ȼ׹£üһֻסǻǻߣϸϸУһšǻ̩ɽ֮ƣ֮쳤Хſڣһڽ׵ɴ
ǻף׵棬·ʹ
ظϽǻջأǻǲܿƣغѹƣ屼һͷ
ѪǵŮ洳Ѫݽˣǡ
ƿֻ׵ѪѪ
ػϸֻԼ壬ںĻ֮УĻԽԽᣬԽԽᣬԼ׵ǿͣ籦֮С
ǣȴ籦̫Ͼ壬Ʈڲ֮ϣս
̫Ͼֻü·֪ȴúǼԪʼлͨ졣
ؿͨ죬һΪһս̫ϾһսԪʼ
̫Ͼû籦˵ã˵ǺµһˣǱգػҪͨˣ
Ԫʼ𣬱ͨ첻£ͨһΪ˵ʱδ϶Ϊһһһ޲ػǣǷΪԭʼǵУͨƼͬһֻͨƣ
̫Ͼͨ죡ҪһڸģҪΪŸô
ͨ󱯴ŭֺǶǴ㲻˵ǴҪڸġػ
ԪʼҲع׸ԻȴҪ˱ѹ籦׵ʬˣ
ͨһֻԭʼɱȥߺ޴󺰣Ƚᣡؽкιкι֣ڿ˵ǰûǣʥˣʥͨ͸εȵͬһ̣ͬԴȴǲϿ᣿
̵ǺεȼԪʼ˵˵ΪڵǸԴȳ˴ܣǵѪΣ
ͨĨȥѪЦһ鷢չȿѹƱܳɣǽɵӣ壬޿ȴ˵ΪаħĻҲΪֶ־ȵҲ
ԪʼȽǰʥ£ȻĻ֮òȱòɿԴǱϣͨ죡
ͨͷЦ˵ԴΪǱϣȲԴģ
̫Ͼͨ˵£ȵԭʼԷ飬ǻ̬֮ǣȴ֪ڸģ
ͨԴŭȽԲᵱǷ·ָѣ᲻򣡡
ͨ컰ϣ̫ϾǱմֻȥٻ
Ƿ󱦣ɱʽɴݻٵģֻñҲ˲˷ֺ
ֻԱ߽ĪҪɵ£ЩƺȥҪ䲻ɣ
ͨһҲ
ػǣǺʬ־ڣʥ˿ɼѰ˻ǣȴǿȫǣزһ˿ɿǱȴǲˡ
ؼͨȥУֻҪҪȥȴֻסǱ˻
Ƿ󱦣ǿɳȴ벻˵ġ
ҪϽ취ͨߴתңңս
Ƿ߸ħ潣͵Ϯնȥ֫Ϊ촷ۣͷ­һΪ˫Ŀնڵϡ
ڵϣ籸ͷ­ǬȦҲñ˭Ҽȥ
̫ˣǱʥĸֽæҲѣĻޣתҪȥ߸ȴɼҲ߲
ˣˣ̫˴󺰣߸ˣʥĸˣҪȥ߸
ʥĸҲҲһ֡
𣡡̫˴󺰣߸ˣ
Ԫʼսͨæҽͷöпչһ߸ˣҲûá
̫˴󱯴ޣսҲ߸ǰͷ­һСһţһ֡
Τɱ˻ƼֵܣƷɻɱϹ伪УƷɻ޴ޣֻŻΪӱ
ħɱ߸ȴת۱ɱꯡ컯սӣҲӴˡ
컯תȥɱΤ
ᣬ˵ͬ౦ˡʥĸսˣ׼ʥˣߣħȴΪǡ
ֱÿɫɨסֽʩչ
½ѹᣬȻɱԹӴ󱯴ޣִԼɱ½ѹƺǲȡ
ҲǱʮ֮սˮҴܣسֲסɣԳǿӲȴǲԸƺС
սŶݼҵозŰɱɺҳˡ
ս֫ѪҷɣԹƽˡ
ͷȥȻʮ̾Ϣ
һǵʥҲġ
Ϣ
һԡ˵£
æӪȥֻȥѰ
ûУӪҲûС
غ
𣬴ʱ˿̣һǡ
ʥһˣ
ؽ
أأ
תͷһȴǿס
ܿ᣿
סأô
һ꣬ҲܿᣬҲɿءã˵갢Ҳ㿴ᣬ񷴹ء
ҡͷ᲻£ǰս½һã
һŮӳ˵
һȻˣ
˵Ů˵轪ս
У˵´˵
Цȥգ
ؿһۣ˵Ȼˡ
ػǹλ˼˫Ŀһʷ·ı͸ֻ˵ˣĪҪȥսʱȥãΪ̫
΢˵Ȼɱᡣ
ʱǽɿƣսѳҪϲģϲģסˣ
ѰһȴǲϲӰͷһҲˡ
ˣ컯ա
Ȼûʱˡ
õȥսԶԶһƬǺĲҽУ˫ĿããǳǧĻǣεսģⱯޡҽУڣڲ񷰧
ԶǷ̨ĲŹĻǣֻ̾һ
ʥ˴ܣֱ̧飬ʥˣҲˡ
ضʢҶܣԳ֣Բҿǰ֮˵Ůɳ槼Ҳжʮˣ񲻹ʮ꣬಻ɱҲɱ˵ġ
ǸϼæҪȥ籦̫Ͼ΢תɼϲĶսȦĴߣ
ǿÿѪȥ
صϲðʧսæȥ
ķҴܣɲǿȥϲıһ㣬Գ
ͻȻ֣ңֻ󺰣ס뿪
ϲľֲѣ׼˼߱ÿԷˢ
ϲľŴ󺰡
ǿȥֻżڵϣȥϲӿ
ϲס۷ӵü죬ϲĹȻսֻԶԶġ
׼пߣ
ˣϲıסɴ˫Ŀס׼ˡ
ͷĪҪȥסԣ˵Ī¡
˵⻰󱳺İ߱һɨһڵϣϲĴ۰л
ϲļˣ·߲һ㣬ǻס׼
ĪҪ
ϲó˫ڿǰ˫ۣס׼ˣ߿ޱ˵㲻Ҫˣȥƻˣȵ
һСʥ˵ָٷ֮һϢҲǵס
û˵꣬ؿڱǿһĵ
ͫϲĽס׼Ȼǰ
ظոոϵϲĵ£ֻ˵ϲĿߣ׼
ϲ˫Ŀʧ񣬿Ѫ
ҺʹҿˡϲźϣϢ΢̫ˡððʧʧǵС
˫Ŀͨ죬ֻ˿˵ĪҪ˵ԣ㲻һ
ˡ


104 
ĪҪ, ܾϲģȱ, ߣ˵
һۣϲģתߡ
׼סأȻԶ, ׷ˡ
ɲǵ׼˿ס
ز˵ֻᵶȥ
׼˵ﶨȻǵȴǲȥɱ, , ˼ܲ, ǲġңռס֮, ΪԼߡ
һ˵, ǹǻҲΪר޻, Щ, 龳, ǻǳ, Ҳɱ˵ġ
õһֻæȥ
׼Ȼʧ˿, סҪ౦ʥĸҪס
һתغڿһǷɿһ㣬Ծ౦ʥĸսȦһѽ𣬶뿪
ؼ״ȥ׷ȴеϮһȻɵסǰ
׼˼ɻɱȴûǼɻ䡣
ϡضסɣȣ㲻ȴǷѣ
׼ᣬסܣͷһ˻ԣֻһ߱ȫȻħˡ
Цһ˵̫ϵֹ治̵ӣһӱǽ̳ģͨһӣҪͱ죿
ͱ죬ҲֲܡȼƵ˱⣬ס˺㷨˻䣬ס׼ȥ·ȼƵ˿ס˵ֻǲúãıˣǰõá
׼˿һۣһԣ΢Գһ˿¶Ц⣺ԭʼӣǺõģ˵㡣
ؼ׼˱ȼƵ˵סٹᡣ
֮ƿ籦Ҫ
ʱʮ֮ʱȼƵ˵ض̶׼
ȼƴͨ͸ԶȻҪȥ۵ġ
˵ϣɱ˶ɣֻϽսıȥԶԶƼλͨȻ϶ΪһԡѪϢȡ
һᣬȻħ֮ף
ͨ죡ĪҪԹ
ͨʱռ壬ͨҲʶãͨһֻۣЦһΪʱǣ
ͨ죡̫ҲǺ㾹ȻΪȥҪ䣡
䣬Ƽһؽһ
ؼ̫û籦Ȼˣֲȣسûһ籦
ظϽסֻѹڵϣõ󿳣̩ɽ֮ػϣ
籦ؽ̵һ㣬Ų㱦ƽضֱôһ˲ضɽҡ
ͬʱϱǻҡΡ
ս֮Ĵңʬǣﶼк֫Ѫɺӣֱֱұߣ̾ᱼȥǰ
ǰͷ᪴
ȷ˸죬̾ȥȻңңȡ
սѪɣһɴѣȹܷ·裬Ѫһɷ

Խ̾᪴ȫȻޡ
ֱֱǽѰãȴҼᣬΨսΨڴ˵أ
ǧȻҲѣսޱȣ˵ֻĪҪڴ˵أ
վԭأ¶һ˿Ц⣬ǰ˼˵ȴǼǵģģ
ߵüǱ亹ֱһȥһ˵ǵãʲôǵãǲù޵һܳ
һһϣ˵ʲôֻżһ֣ܣȥӡ
ǱУĵ
ǽᣬн˸ǻ񼫿켫Ƥһֻͫһͷ˸ռٻȷ磬߶
۱ƣӿһͷڷɢ
Ȼһ
Ǽֱֱؿڣƺ˲佫û
ȻʧǴƬѪ죬ڰˡ
ԶǽǾ࣬йüǺˣ·Իֱ֮ָӡ
һԼãһۣ˵ӡ
չָһ¡

籦ͨ񱩴󿳣Ȼȣػѡ
صͨʥ˲ͬʵʵʽֵóë̩ɽľϣΪǣ˿ɵ
籦ȷǷ׵磬ȻյĲˣǴ˼֡
ֻءһ죬̫ϾȣǱͨסǰµļƷ˷ĭ
ڷ籩ϯض׵Уϯӿ
ֱεñң˻ضɽҡ
æȥֻǷ籩ģԼ壬ǹλ
Ƭ̺ػۣ
񷣬·ʮϣ˵
㣬תͷ̫ͨϡԭʼսһţȻ
ԪʼʮɷƼһãͨʮƷҶļƷ󱦡̼Ƭ
ͨƼȻ飬æó¾ɽȥ⣬̫Ͼں󣬼״Ͻ˻Ϯֻñش̨ͨ
̫Ͼ̨ͨ뽫ңģôȥ
̨ʿвҲۣ̫Ͼ᲻жԸȴǸͨˡ
һͨʥˣʥ˳ħȻ꼰ءͨģǲݣִ̫зִ磬Ը̨úá
ؼ̫ˣʱŭһ꣬һ׵磬Կٵ֮ƣֱֱɱ̫Ͼ
̫ϾΪֻΪ£ȻԻ׵ֻѰȥ
ոոյסǻ
̫̫Կٵ֮ƣҪѹ£ҧͷÿҲֱֹգꡱһͽȻѡ
̫ϾۡһһѪѹ˦ɽͷ
ֻ¡һ죬ɽͷǱƽɽսȻ
ɽѹǵ֮ƣϯ
λ亹ֱ΢Ȼڴ򶷣ֻס̫Ͼʥ̣ɽͷɽʯ졢ޱߡ滨ճɷ촣
طͨǰýὫԭʼһ֣ǽʮɣֱĶಽסΣ
Ǻεȵǿ
һһ赭дλʥˣ·Ӧ꺢ͯһ㣬ֱָ
ѹΪģ·籩һ㣬ʱϯս
ǵ˴ܣֻŻǷͷݴ̲סҪݣ
ػסͨ죬ɽͷͨͬһУ㾹ą̊́
̫Ͼɽͷԭʼ亹ֱֻã·ʴѹţëȻ
ֻţʱ˿̣·۲ݣһ統һ㡣
̫Ͼ룬һ˿ѪɫףֻסأʣǺˣ
ء
̫Ͼݷ·翣Ȼ磬۱紵۹磬ƮƮֻüۼ伫
ˡ
ؿǿ̣ʴһܰʱ侲ĬΨǽ졣
ʥǲܶţΨſģ
أڴģԸذȣԸάƽ⣬Ըµ棬Ը繲Ըࡪ
ɢãạ̃λʥ򿪣ȴŮ派סλʥ񷡣
ƺӿһ΢ʮãޱȣס졪
ʥšԴʥ
ˡ
һؿ磬ƺͣϢңңһϮ£
˽żһ㣬˲·ֹͣǰҲܴ˫·һֹĻ
̫Ͼ岻ܶ˫üֻͣǰ˵
Ҳù˶ãˣֻԶס¶һ˿Ц⣬÷·Ƿ磬ǻص̹ŵĿ޸
ϱλʥˣϾʥˣԸ֮
ˡ
ʮһǽ·Ӧһ㣬ٴѪԾڵִĤ
̫ϡ
غһ̫Ͼһϣֻؿס˫ۣ˵ֹսգ
̫Ͼֻź裬һԪʼ÷˺£ֻ˵ıģ˵ʥʥ˵λʥˣλȴأ
࡯ֶ˵˻ʥн٣н٣˭ࣿ
תͷһ֣̫Ͼ˵ز֪ߵغ񣬲˵ʥλòףʮֿɣǸոճʥҲλ½ʥ˰ˣ·һ㣡
ҪãǴ̫ϾǺµһˡ
ԭʼƼ̫Ͼɫ԰ף亹ֱһἫɢڼͷͫ΢΢ţȻǾòѡ
ȻءشĬƬ̣˵Ըֹս
ԸԴʥơ
֣ԭʼһȵ֣ѲɻôΪҪһ½ʥ˹ƣȱǴ޹һ˵ʦȻϵ
̫ϾԲֻһۡ
Զеããֻ˴һͷɫȸѺסвʵ׼ˣظǰףĿĿڴ𣺡ԸֹսԸܹơ
һǿȸǿ
˼סֻ˵ΪˣԸΪ󷨣һ꣬ȸ
˾Ⱥô
΢üºͣ˵ʥˣƣʮƷ̨ιʳȥƷΪƷСڽ˯һ꣬ȸԸء
ǿȸӦΪΣֻһۣתȥ
ʩ𣬿ԣ׼еңԸ̣ܽ޹ʱزᡣ
Ըƽȡ˵
ЦԸ
λʥȥ䱳ס˲ѵɣҲӦ롣
սͻȻţֻؽֹս
ԪʼĿɿڴǵȲ̵˲أֱѹûȻսȻǵʦ
ٴȥҪȫûˡ
̫Ͼסߵڣʦˣʦ𣬴˻أͷعʦݣԭʼգ
ԭʼΪ̫ϾŹĬΨ̫ϾԼԶĽͨ͸֪ˣϿɣӵ
ңһģһ
ȻǺȻϵ
Ȼ˭Ϊɱڳʥ˴ܣǿȻܼ
ԪʼתͷһֻսȻѪɺӣ̵ʣ޼
˫ңңԶ̨УɻһһŶӡ
ˡͨһۣ˵ˡ
ֹսԪʼ:ֻضĪҪٲ˼֮£
طסͨ죬ͨ˫Ŀ΢죬ֻסԭʼ˵˵ͨյΪΪȴ룬Ϊʥǿд˵㡣
Ԫʼ̫Ͼͬʱһ˫ĿããȱˣǶȿżֹԶأشʣ࣬ȶԲɵҲɳţʥ˲֮һˣ֧صĸ
ͷ˵̣ȻȴѺϵĺΪ߹ȣȰңͬһԴֵ죬ƫִΪʥ
Ψб˳ѹ֣ܰԡ
ҪʥҪ̣ܽʥ˲أ˽н١
̫ҲԶնʬֻһİϷ
̫Ͼ˫Ŀһ˵˲ඥ·𿴼ңԶδĿʥ˽䣬縯ࡣ
ԭʼͨ죬ֻ̾عհգˣ
˾ĬãǴ̾һԴ˻ع
ʥ̳룬սڻص˼䡣
ȥָ᪽ӣսӵӣĳͷӬˮһӴܡ
ͨˣĴӴɻرιչ޵
ֳڷ̨Թ
ؽͨŵӪʣͫ΢죬˫Ŀ΢ɢϽΡ
ء˵ϡ
ĸʱˣʡ
îʱˡ˵񶼹սơ
ؿһۻԲѵͨ죬˵ȥգǡ

񶼰գҹעߡ
ͷɱһƬšءء죬ÿһ·һ֡
ҼһСɪɪһţڵƻϨ˽ס񶼷·һǡ
ȴ÷·գֵ÷·ҪʧϣѪζԶԶģǴ
еɱشͶɱ
š¡һڵ
аӦһ
̾᪴ޱߣȴ˷ֿ
ִ̾ѣһɱڣ
ƫͷһֻͷ϶ӳճһ˫˫˫
÷ոĻеѵ죬ÿÿײ˿
һأֻɱƽͶɱ
һ£̴ؼɣձǾ棬˲ӡ
ͷʳֿĽʹ飬УͶ
ңһֻ̧ݡ
̱ǸۡΧˮй̨̤ͨףһȥ
Ǹۡڵñ䣬谵ûǺˣ̴Ҳþϸȥ

Ů˺ѷβҽУء˶һۣæȥ
¹Ҵ˳ɫĹſŲ̤̤졣
վſڣֻһŮӻﱧסһˣɫ촽࣬Ȼж
Ůת¶һŲ԰׵ˮӿסأ˵Ⱦʰգˣ
˭ιģ
ס죬ʵԼ߶᲻ע⣬ˣ
ѧ飬ȴ벻˵ñ΢Űƣ˼Ҳãȴѣ᲻֪ߵغ񣬽ᣡ£ңɱұãʵһˣ˰
΢˫Ŀ¹Ư˵ڣ˽ʣҲǲҡ
˫Ŀˮʶģ۽ǣ·ڿޡ
ֻǿڣ᲻ҲǾȲˣȻǴԼͶ̥˰գҲǽˡ
췴޿ˡ˵ΪŮͣȱźȥƶˡգ
һվڽĻǣ̾һȥֻء
תزɱҲ֡
źͷ΢ֻѪζأתͷһǾȻȥ
ؽŲֻͣȥʵǾҪأ
ã˵ΪŮ洼ˣ˶ԵŮ洶һյҪŮûծʱȻҪġ
ƶǶƿ飬ͷ¹ͬʱӿص˿Ӧ裬˸סãС
ؽס˿ͷһ˿ǡ֡
дüá˵
ֱͦҲһֻ֣˸ãЦޣдٺã˫֣չҲòˡ
õָסɱ硣
ŲæֻǰãЦÿɰ꣬Ұһʮ꣬Ҳˣ·̫ˡ
Ҳǰȹһա
صͷһǰ˫Ŀգ˯ϣ֪ʱȻˡ
ͷ˰Σıһǰװһľ󷭿һذ壬ľз˽ȥ
ڵϣһͷ­
òͷ­߱ʣкر𣿼ϧ
˫Ŀǰ˵ƽҰðˣΪ˭أҪЩеģȻˡ
һ檣ã졣
Ҫùֿ
˭أǵðҲ˵
ĬۡΨ˽Ų̤̤죬ͷ¹䡣
һƬס
гһգҲǿᣬǰһգֱǰĿڡ
תͷǷޣϸȥҲ˼׷¹Ƿ˿·ǳ˼֡
Ц˵
˵˵Ҫߵģ
˰أԣָͣ½Ųסأ˵ؿɻǵǻ
ЦȻǵá
ͻȻЦ⣬ֻסǰ૵޵ָǶǹҲ뷲죬ޱ𡣡

̾ȫʤ˵зͷ­ͷ˺ö졣
Ӫ죬ţ򣬽ϲЦտ
ȥӪһͨȻˣ
СҲǲãȻʥҪȥĶһСѰӰģ
سӪȥѰͨţָֻš
ҿ˿ںͷιͨĶ
תͷһ½ѹµס
Ķ
ȥѰգᣬԶ½ѹתͷƬ̺˵·ļ㣿᲻Σȴڤڤз·Ǽģܾϵ
סЦһ˵ѽġ
½ѹʵʱ
ʱȻӣȫȻ̬
½ѹЦĿܣȽǳ̬
δһδ
ظ½ѹȥԾһ߸ɽͷԶԶƼ֮ͨϣͷ¹⽫ӳɫһƬʡ
һǿ̵֣ʣֿˮ𣿡
ͨ챳סؿݣֻƣ˵һ룬ķˡ
ķˣỹΪ㿪ʮֺˣء
ֻͨԳһ˵һƬƶ񤣬ΨһˣῪˣ
ľ߻ͦ죬Ҳÿתͷأ˵ģ
Ц˺Щ㲻иιѲɺס
ͨһʧЦ˵ѽ·ħˡ
пɻԹ
ͨЦһ˵ѹǰԹ·Ц˵ǲأ
ֵ˺ˣĪҪԹʥħǲͬ졣ضס˵ģкۼ
ͨģ˿Ըģ˵ˣȥա
ǵλʥˣĴܽȡάأɲгһҪС
һҡͷʧЦֻ˵߰ա
ͨںͷ૿ڣǺģǿġ
ءͨ졢½ѹ˻ֻ̫ǰڹǰ
ʥ̫˼ػϽɻˣ
ؼŸľУȻˣʵ߸
̫ͷ
ƤҪ߸нڣҲ
ңȻʥˣﻹɼƽϣ
ֻ̫˵Ƭ̨Ҳȥˣʬ׻˵Ȳˣ̫ȥѰˣʱ˵ɾϲģһԣʥȾ߸̫ңʥǲ
ؿһۣ˵̧ա
̫ںͷ½ѹҲһۣͨ·ֻһԲǰߡ
ˡסһһؽ˵Ǻͽ˵á
̫ǧл
߸壬ַ̫˺ã߸Ҳø
̫ʮգĺϺ¡Ҳֻط·Դֻ壬߸ѵĻǷŽȥ㲻ˡ
̫˶ԸΪȻûģֻʩʩҲǺõġ
Ȼʮˣ̫˼Ļ
Χ߸תȦһƣһµȣǽѡ
߸СƤ뿴Ҳиס
ԸûûأôһǸŪˣǿǿҲ޲
ʱָһס
ֻ߸Ƥ΢ۡ
߸ǰɫӳǴģ
߸Ķ
̫΢˵㡭
̫˵꣬߸˫֣Ҫ
̫һѽסԣֻ߸ЦǺǵĿڣ߸ˣ߸Ҫ̣
úã̫˺ȥȥ
Ŀˣ
̫գ˵ˡ
ͷ߸˵á
̫æס߸ؿ˸ͷ
ѣЩجج·ǵظŹݵĶˣ˵̰գĪҪ̫裬ĪҪ̻ˣ£ɲˡ
̫æ֤ǿͷȥ
̫˸ոȥֻͷ
ͨ쿿ſڣ˵ˡ
ؽӹ񣬴ţ˵³Щ¶ˣȥơ
ȥաͨңңס꺣ģ˵ع
˲Ϣ³ҲǲɽӣС
ͷأǷɵøߡ
·ƶ˿ʹһס
Զңңĸַ񣬽ܰ飬ɼҸ̣Ѳ칬ȵϺ쳾˼ɡЯͬУ
槼ժֱ֯˵˵ЦЦͷá
չһɣƣľ죬꯶ɽͷһݶȮһһһߴһ̿
ģɹɽ⸸ɡʦڷ⸸ɽһۣüͷ壬˰ΣԶԶһ
ɽڲݵϵΤڤ룬æס
̯һһԺߴɵۡ
סǶۣסͷչ£͸꣬ͫףһУվ𣬽ڲ¶Ц⣬ǰȥ
һհһסأֱλء
λڣɷ
ڽһиڣޱȣһС¿ˮ·һ㣬ֻסһ
ȥ˼ЦֻǮΣˮǸɾģ˱ȥȰգ
ãֻ˫ֲסǼͷɬɳƣС˵лл
ЦлģҪԱֽŽԺãĪҪˣȥЩգ
ſڣ·Ҫ˵
ʱԶңң
תͷһֻЦ˵Ǹȱ֣λСΡתͷһֻ˵ףأŻڵġ
ˡºЦѰҲ١
ԶԶڴͷһŷЯԶһɲŮòˡ
ס˫ۣ۵ǺӱߣɣԶԶңңģ·ܿƻӰŮ
ȻƤһ׹һֻԼ˫֣żѬ죬һסǰǹǻңײײԶȥ
չɽλڣȻ㡢컯һؽ
ݶƬ̣ԶϷȥ
ֻɽããһƬéݣһˣһʯãһߣһ
ɽӣн飬Ȼз޳Ρ
زã·ΨһˣΨһá
Ƭ̣Ц·˵һ㣬ֻ˵㣬ֻ㵽ʱ˸ͷˣ
ѽѰתú޵˵޳ΣҲ˴أ
Ц
Զзƽض𣬹һƬé滨ҩããϯңңƮ񷡪
ǳƲ㣬Ʋ񷣬ԽʱգƮңԶδ
⳵ֹ¥ãӵ˸ѧȺԶԶ
߿ڽѽô¼ȡЦʲôӰ
ǸԤ棬̫ˣ
ǧҪԤƭˣ˭ݵѽ
ݼɣ͵ֵеġȵҡ
ѧǵԶȥСʧ
ǳ£йָһ㣬סǳ»ҳվ
̧ͷ񷣬ȹ̣ԼԼ⡣
̫¥󶥣չͫףס΢Ц
һƬʣε
꡿
лҪ˵(*RQ) 
лһ·飬~o('')oлл
cp ⣬޹ģcp Сʹ໡
һcp ͨx
cp x̫
cp x
cp ݴͶƱÿ൱һ磬ͬ1v1ϲcp ໡
ŬдõģϣܵõϿɣղһߣҲ벻ľϲ໡
ɶϲϲգӻ[]]ôômua! (*s3t)
־ӡˢ飬΢𣬴ҿȥͶƱ໣mua! (*s3t)ǳҪҺý顫ôôա


105 һһ
Է֮ٹ, ̫ƽһЩʱգʥ˽Ǳűչرչ, ҲǸ˽Իض޵ˣĪҪ£ֻ˵Դʥտ, Щȹ̵ġ
ؿûĹ߰ĵӣͨħ֮, Сסһʱա
Ϊ, Թޣࡣ
ͨڷ֮ʱ, ΪΪԴ, ؿպΪ˥, ֹǰǷ
ͨҲȫȨϡ
ΪͨͨĿ, 泩, ֪, ˯ˡ
ʥһ㲻˯, չǧ꣬޵ֲǻججСǳé®ʿ, ˯ʥ˴˵Щ˷ˡ
ͨ쵱ʥ֮ʱѪһ꺣ġ
ǺޱιʱؼƻЩݲݣط·ģͷѰ̨֣ңЩ£ȴĪǺ
תתһȦס
ǻ֣ͨΪϲǸ˼Ǻ¡
ǺεأĿһƬ糺죬ƣԶԶȥ·ؼΨһĺ졣
ͨ峿ֻؿЩء
סݶŴ򿪣Ļͷ׷ﴵƮݣذ塢вľЩаꡣ
ͨͷһиСſؿڣ˯㣬ϸСݣֻԸΡ
˶뽫СϣСüͷһ壬ȴˡ
۾˫Ŀ󡪡
Ȼͨۡһ
ĶС˿ۣײײ𣬲˱߽ǣͷҪˤ
ͨæСסСֹǿ˵ЩĪĻ
ͨ޴룬ҲĺСֻظĪˣĪˡɰͰ͵֡
Сˣھ
ͨأ
С۾ɻô֪ҵ֣ĶһҪȥѧġ
֮ʱȣŮǰ㣬ͯˣͨزģ˵ѧһȵֻֻʣô
СؿһƼͨ·ǻˣǺȥ˰Щӵĸĸųһ
޸ĸһǹ¶Ժ԰ʱ̾̾ȥֻ⺢ӿôѩɰûĵĸĸ˵Ӿӣѩصģ·Ҳ
԰ҲǸ̾⺢ôŶţҲ֪ͷˣʱӻůůģҲǺֹɣûûֵģҲүˡ
ɣҪˣǶȥСǵġ
ѧϰԹ˵һһ۵ģСˡ
Ժຢӣչ˺ӵֻмúãǶ£Ҳǳﱧ壬ȴǲܵģҲûҪŵʱ£ġ
ͻȻһҪȥѧͻȻ֣ˣİˡ
һĩԣ֪·Ҳ֪ѧУôȥûʶˣֻͨһʮİʶ
ֻ꣬˵ƽǸСģǿ˳
ſţİȴں˻ᣬǾˡ
ͨҲǼ԰˵˸˵㲻ǷǳòģȻ˳⡣
ͨȻˣʹ·Щʡ
˦˦ǳϵصӣ˵·ôҸСˡ
ͨһС۾ģ¶һ˿£װ򶨣ֻºЦ·ˣСġ
˵䡯֣˫Ŀһæʵ붯Ƭһһͱˣǲǣ
ͨɲƬŻǶ˼ֻЦأơ
ֻͨһָѵǵ֮ϡ
Ƭ̺գգۣɵôûСһҲûбС
ͨҲʮƣ·Ҳ䲻С˹ˣԸǸƭӣ
ֱͨ˼·Ȼһ
ؼм·ǺΣޱȣ·˸Ϸִֻޣ
ͨͷر䣬˵ǸСģȴЩƮƮȻЦܱ࣬ޣ뿴ˣ㴩Сۡ
Ը·ֻȥǵۣһǵ۾Ͳˡ
ͨؼΣһأǱơ
ʥƽһ㣬֮ˡСվޡشƣСصһ޵ȴ·
ͨȻͷöŪ˰죬·ҲŪˡ
ʵʥȥ˲ϢͨȫԸȥһʥˣȥĸ
һȼϢ
ص˰죬ͨææµµҲڸɶ
ò壬Ԫ¶ԺԶһȥ𣿡
ͨһȫԪ¶Ժɶģ֪Ǹδָһ㣬ȴһۣģ·ܺú壬һ߷·һ̫ԶˣҪȥ˵أ
صͷ˵ԺҲˣᵣġ
ͻȻֶ˸ͨ첻ʶõģʶõģǴ£ֻ˵ȥѰѰɺã
òͷлл塣
ʱͨ·ˣصлá
ͨ΢΢˿ȣؿǲûô·˷ſɰС
ͨ˵ӦȥԪ¶ԺҲأܴȥ
ֻͨᵱס̨ҵ̨ʱΣ÷ϡ
طһҪҪ˯Ҫغͨˣ½ѹҲȥĸ޵ͨͷֵֵĴȤ
ǲ÷ҲģʹҲȥժ
ˣˣϷҹֺ§ס˯ͨļõĳؽģҲ˵¶ԺѧȵȣԺԼ£磬·ֻͨˡ
ͨѧȴѧˡ
峿˼̣ڵϣͨͷ˫ĿԺ΢죬ϢЩȣʵؿвʣ
ؿ˼Ҳ˵ͨΪȼǻӦͷЦؽˣϷժµĺģշ·ǰʣȥժ֦ȥǺϣٱֻʴˣò
ɲ˵ͨСֻ֣ʮֹ̣ءšһͻȻ
ͨһæǡֻ̽죬죡
ͨæȴǼɣɫ΢죬·ʹ
أͨ켱ˣ
ԺصҲҺۡҩ
ҩ
᲻ҩͨ챧סغȥڣ˿ҲãסСоֽϸ
ˣͨϲƶػũ
ũڶ֣ͷͯүҩˣû𼱻æ
ũüҩͷҩβ˽Ϲô
ũո˵껰еͯææүҩ˴ˣ˺һѾ̫󣡡
ũ˵Ļʵ£ϲǵððʧʧ֮ˣǽҲǸͯ˵ãҩڽҪͷ˴ţɲҪ
ȥ˻ʹũڣĪҪ˾ʺۣ
ǵͯȥʣũһϤũˣ
ũΪԸëٶһһ
ֻͨ§ŸԲѵС𼱻ǳ˽Ǻῴ·ҪҩȲˣ
ũӴлعֻͨ˵Īơ
ũʵ򰧺˵ܰ׹⣬ֵôʥˣȲˣУ⻰ȵò˵֮ͨսʱʮħ֮ףСҲ˭ҪСˣѱͨǵȣƶҪꡣ
ۡ
һͨæȥ廽۵ģ۵ģҪҩˣϾͺãԡ
ũĿɿڴתͷƳͯոġѵߵʷˡ˻ԯΣһ£
ͨһ˱䣬߸ϣǰһ岻׽С˭λײβʥˣ㽹ֳֺģ˻ɣСѪ
ʱͷһ󶯾ֻЯ槼¶ˣ槼һŵأҲԭء
ʶͨ죬槼飬ʣˣ
槼ָסأС˵Сˣ·Сһ㣡
ü˵Դʥ
槼ͷ
Ŷ⻰Ǿȣͨ죬СݹŹ֡
ഫԴʥʥǰǱιһͯͨϵ˵ԴʥǰͨͨıһСԴʥüǲò˻ɣСǶѪ
˲֪ʡܵȴã˵ͣ޵УȻʥȴǷͬһ㣬ҲɵѪ
ˣ⺢ӿɲˣˣʥ޴룬޷ΣԴʥҲһͬ
ũһº͵Ҳǳ鴤һ˲Ҳ̲ס
Сͨķ纮ͷ֢֮ôһʥˣ纮Ҳβã𼱻Ƿ·Ҫ˶
ҿԽ͵ͨô
ʶһۣ槼һ棬˽ԤУչ磬޵֮ʱи˵ˡ
໥ţܸ˱ͷ



106 һ
̫ڽ߸, Ľӵ˵Ԫʼ鹬Ҫ֡
̫˴߸ٽ鹬, Ԫʼϼ̡׺ͯһڴɫأ·˴£
̫ϰ£߸ЩԪʼ׷Դʥ߸֮, Ͼǲôϵġ
ȶȺˣ߰ȥˣʱ׷˼
̫Լ̾˼, ȻͿˡ
̫ҡԭʼЩǵ, ߸Դʥȡ
̫æ˵ǡ
̫˵, ԪʼĪ̫У, ҪõǾȲ߸, ˼Դʥȵġ
ֻԪʼ˵ȥƣԴʥȻ߸Դʥȣżȥ, ҲǸõġ
̫ʮֲ, ȴԪʼ˵£ ǵ͹ԪʼĶ, Ϊء
̫ȥ
ȥ, գǴתˡ
ԪʼԴˣ
̫ͷԣԪʼ, ȻҪȥ˵ҲûӣֻʵŽգͷãҲԴʥǱչ˰ɡ
Ԫʼһأ̫̲סʵʦ𣬿ѰԴʥҪ֮£
Ԫʼ𲻴һϼ̾һ˵ͨǰЩʱջ𼱻ǴȥƶѰҩԴʥȴ϶ֵòϣѰȥ̽̽ҲȰȰ
̫һ˲伸ͣϼ̵ĻƬ̺عס˫ϼ̣ʣĸӣ
ϼ̾һֻһ˵زǸģ㲻ȻͷչزǵɵͨźתƣǡԵţ
̫˳鹬ʱǻл㱡ͣǬԪɽʱңңƽﲻ̫ŵˣƼ˷ܣҪ
̫˺סʵȥģ
˶̫˴˸ףס飬ƽ˵ȥѰȺˡĩ⣬ѹڣô˼£
̫һԴУʵ£
ѹס΢̵ǣǱιͨԴʥ˸ӣ
̫һ㶣᷽ŲŴųȥʦԣǺԴʥģ
Ŀɿڴ˵һһ㶵ģ̫Ϣ·ȷУæʣ˵
̫ݳ࣬̾ǰ޹ˣԴʥ̥·˸ͨȴǴǺӣɽˮԴʥˣȥˣ
˻л㱻عȼƵˡ㷨ҲɽȺһˣæƼȷеĴ£
ߺһ߸ס̫ˣʣ·˵ã
̫߸ͷ˵ͨǰĿˣǵȻˣԴʥȣĲСŽգԴʥǱչգ
һ֮ڴ磬ǰ汾࣬˵÷·ǱιͥУǰгжĽڱιſںɵεһ̽
ͨĴǺ棬ɹؼԼҽȻδ飬ںδ
λֵλǣʱڷ⸸ʳֵ𾢡
Դص˷纮ũκ֮ͨǸģסֵũóЩʳĪҪʳǵһɹʸϡ
ͨҲ˹ˣɹûëʿһ󣬷һڳϣĵȴʸϡӪأ
ʵڴˣؿǵòˣũ˵׼ġ
Ӳ뵽˼䷲ʥˣԴһڿˣ˼룬Ǵȥ˷䡣
Щ£ɶѧ֮ˣͣʵ̫С˵ͨõİϷʵ̫̫࣬ã̫ᡣ
ϲ
⸸мʳ¥Ϊʳ¥Ӧ¥Ǻʳͨд¥ذ
Ҫ˼ϷԳˣˣ
ȥҲǸ취ܲԶڷ⸸ȥʥ˳˼䣬վǸ˵
ιãǰ䣬ػعȥסúʡȻǵȵطܲץȥģͨ룬ǵѧͽûذԵģȫѧãȫ޹ˡ
ɸżʳ¥һ٣ʳ¥ĳʳЩġ
¥̲ˡ
ɳ˿ڣ治ҪǮģ㲻ǰóԡƳ̴ӣЦģӣʳ¥Ҳգ
̴Ƶǰ˸СˣСʳ¥ʳ˱ѧȥСʳģСϲϲԣﳢ
Ӵ~ЦǺǵǳԳˣ˵˵˶ǮСǰ󣿡
̴ЩΣֻЦ˵ǲҪǮģ㲻Ҳɷš
ЦǰҲȣ˲˵ѳԣСҲûĸף
Ժã·һż䣬üһ̴ӣͷˣ
̴ЦλǮƳʳ˵СˣСͷЩġ
һۣ˫ĿһƱöԷ
żǲģؽ̵һ˽߽ãҴ޵˵Ӳ
ޱȣһ˻ǲ˵ġ
˭ڷ⸸Сط˴˲
Ҫ÷֮ѹǳеĻţ˼ƣ֮Ͻضѧͽټ
СĴܣȿɲãڷ̫ãЩ̫ˡ
̴ӣģ
̴ӴòʮֳڣģЦСȴǼá̴˵ţɡһ˵ˣˣ
ɡˣıѹ˻תͷȥ
ֻԼҽԶһһ˶ţΪԸ۾ë
ڴ ͨ춢ס
˱ԼҽһʡһͻȻ亹ֱ˵ոճĲˣ̫óԣ
ֱ
˼Ƭ̣ò˸ɣֻҽڣÿ
һ㶣ÿɶ˼
ÿ˼ɴأˣһɱɸ˵Ĵ֮
˺Ȼ˵ÿֱ˺ëֱ
ֻëȻĽпڣסˣҪˡ
˲ͣĬĬֻͨ콫һƣ˽ȥ
ŵһ˲ɼиСţͨȥϸ
ô
ɲ˰Ѻɫ԰ףˣС
˶һۣ˲ԸҪڵĴܣ
ɡ˻ȥԺ󣬸ֵսľΪ˶꣬ƭŲƣһ󰧺˺󻰣ᡣ
ͨ˲˽ȥڵȡ
سһڣ˵óԡ
֤ȥʵôóԣҲܳԣشС£ͨĳʳҲ˺ü죬ȻҪȫȨϡ
ÿ˵ͨ춼رˣֻ໨档
ͨһ䣬ȻʮָˣֻºЦϲԡ
Цлл塣
ͨķ΢ֻڣԺزҪ˵л᲻ˣظǸˣأ屧㡣
ֹȥ§סͨ첱СʵҪȥ
ͨЦǻؼҡ

֮ءͨ챧סأ߳⣬ԾݶԾϸɽңңסǱ
תǷ紵ͷָͨ򱱷ֻͨڣǱǱιΪģҵİء


107 һ
ͨ챧ػصι, ѰڶĴӣǾۼ⹬Ⱥ
һ˫ס
һµͨ죬ҲתͷĴ, üʵˣǳ£
һҡͷ, ֻ۾סء
ؼ˶ס, Ǵֹ֣Щ£§ͨ첱, СԴס
ͨ츧˸ģɨûɶȴιƵĴ, ڣ, ˣ
౦æ֣໥˶Էһ, ֳֻʰ, ɶҲ˵, ¡
˳ι, һ, ޵ʥĸ˷ܣ˵Сѩ, ǿɰԴʥһģӿ̳ģ
౦˵ǵȻǽ§Ÿ޻ȿεӰֻǿ, ҲԴʥ֮϶ѲԣԴʥȽ
ʥĸԣۼҽܲԴʥźӾȥˣˣ
һĬԵʥĸü˵С̫ԴʥΪũԴʥȻˣ
໥ָõĹ̲ͬǺȴǴڵģü١
౦޵ʥĸ˵ѰҲڱιƣȥ̽̽ʵ飬Ҳöסǵιǰƿ֮˵죡
޵ʥĸ΢̣æݲ¡
Сɰ뱧ȥ̽飬֮á
ιڹΨͨˣ滨ɲݡޡ񹤵ơ
شͨͨǣסĴܵεΣһصһ ʱǰ㡣
壬ղЩ尢ʲôѽ
ͨס˵ӣżزҪ£ȲԽ
ءšһԼãǸʦղǼ۾ˣѧ
ιɱˣĵضˣֻΪ޵ιͨﻮ֮ʱˣĻġ
ιɻããһƬȺٲȪƾƶи˳ʥޡǺ
Դط֮ͯͨͬһ㣬ҹҪ˯ϰߡ
ιҹͨأƽûҹһ˵ũ˵ˣСҪɺõϢϰߡͨǰ˼׼Ūһҹ
سιʣ˷׷޺èˣһ죬Ǻ¾˯ˡ
ͨˣǱȥȪϴϴָͷϸϸϵ棬ϱӣ§ú˯
ظʱЩľսҹʱδ󺰣ͨձס˯ţԷ£Ҳú廽ϡ
ö֮Ҳǳϰߡ
ιʮְȫͨǷһˣģøرһͣǸЩۣʥ˵ޣһյʱǶ˵ģЩæ˵ġ
ÿãͨÿĵۣŷһһϣҲĿ
ͨüȻó뻯ɶ·ǿɳɡ
ĳԪʼιѰͨ죬ڷ·ŵ˳
ͨ죡ԪʼĿɿڴ
ͨǷùؼֻԪʼ˵ۡ
ԪʼҪ͵СۣӦԣǸСġ
Ԫʼ֮ͨ϶òߴͨŸСǺ棬Ǹ¡ĵӣǵõɿϢͨ˱ιʵ̲סҪˡ
һȻͨڸС·
ͨ棬ĪЩ
˵꣬ػʥǱιһСͯͨ׹⣬ǿǣɼִͨ֡
ΪȻͨ죬ʥˣĶ࣬ɶ϶ģΪǼߣͨȻҪԿ
Ԫʼ̾һԷ֮ٿ֮󣬴˴ͷͨԣ˵ȥҲǰ취
ͨĪԪʼɶġ
ֻԪʼһ࣬ڵŲҲ취ĪҪһ˴źӣСȻѪܸҪģ
ͨͣлƣ̧ͷɴ˫ۣס֣Ī˵
Ԫʼͨģѵһ٣֮ٹȥã϶ڣʵ̫ѵֻѹסƢ˵ƽ廨ţãҲס˵شԲ˵ǵùܽȣͬΪʥˣҲ˭˭ͣ˻ƽȡ
ͨ죬濴סԪʼʣԣ
Ԫʼ˵Ե֣˼Ҳó׳ɶԡϣʥˣĲô˵㣿ѪԵȴΪ֤ǣ󣬿ǲ
ͨһԣඥã¶һ˿Ц⣬ֻϿԪʼ˵Լǣͨܽˡ
ڱιڹˣֻǬԪèͷɹ
ɹÿյһţǬԪèʮְԣèȻǣǰСͨǰˣҪԡ
ظ̫Сøߣš
֮ʱͷ˳Ҫժɹ
תͷһոʱͨ˵ĵ֮һصͨ˵˵ǲ£㲻¡
ͷ˵Сèϲԣ̫Сˣ
޵ʥĸСѩƯµ̳ޣССһ˵ģ޵ʥĸͷèץƵֱ뱧
޵ʥĸƣֽæûסºЦժӣƣߣסȥժǹŹˣ
˫ۣⷨãЦ໣
ſֱۣ޵ʥĸ˵㱧һ¡
޵ʥĸĶҪˣסأֻˡ
߶ÿժǹӣժЩѣΪƯĽϲͣժòŵüš
ժ˹ӣ޵ʥĸὫ£ò˵лл㡣
޵ʥĸСȴһǱԼҽ̳ģʱһģ̲ס붺
޵ʥĸºЦ˵ллʲôл㱧㱧ۼˡ
ص޷Ӧԣֻѧ˰Ҫ˵ллԺҪرСûرʲô
ͷ˵Ҳ֪ʲôлҸСè㱧ô
ǬԪè˿ŹӣػȻ޵ʥĸ
޵ʥĸһЦ˵СèСè㣬ˣᱧ㣬Ҫ㱧Сè
ʮϲǬԪèСϲһҸϲһ£ɲԵر
޵ʥĸĴǲУؿյôر
޵ʥĸ΢¶º͵Ц⣬˵һ½㡣
ؾһ¼ֱ̫ˣǹȥ
û޵ʥĸıڿͷһֻͨ䶢ס޵ʥĸڣ
޵ʥĸŵ亹ֱ˵ƽҲģģ·Ҫˣ޵ʥĸͷؼţֱҪ
޵ʥĸսսڣժ˹ӡСɰ붺
ͨס޵ʥĸڣҲܶģû£ĪҪڹ
޵ʥĸæ˵ǣ˵˺Ӻ治ǸģֻԴʥЩܹԼҽҲǶСĻᣡ
ϾȻòСˡ
޵ʥĸߺͨ콫ط£ֻǰߣںͷš
ͨ첽ܴ󣬼ʹߵúһҲҪߺü
ͷסͨ챳Ӱһ߸ߣһ߲ʵǲˣ
ͨҲֻǰͷߣؿ飬ֻ˵ȴȥױˡ
æͣǸ㱧ժ˹ӣҲ֪ôر˵׿Եġ岻ϲױô
ֻͨ˵·ҲǱȲ˼ժӡ
ͷͨ죬ͨ컹ǲͷֻסۣͨס֡
ͨһϣͣ½ŲͷһȴǾŵĿ˳
ͨﻹܵӰæȥ
һ£§סһ߿һ߿ڣ岻ҪԺҪժˣˡ
ֻͨ΢·ǲغµر˶һ㣬ͨĶҪˣֻæģ廽ģز£岻زޣԡ
ز˲ᣬסͨ۾Ƭ̣ͻȻչȥ
ͨһɲǼֻ˺·ȻֹͣתգֻǿǻȫֹסɳɳڣϲˣԺԹԵģ岻Ҫˡ
ͨһᱧסأޱȣ˶ڣҲϲˣҪ쳤󣬰ظ͸ˡ
Ц˵Ҿ͸ˡ
ͨķڣԺҪ壬֣ͨ졣
ؿ˫Ƭ̣չȥסһ£Цϲͨˡ


108 һģ
Ԫʼӵͨʱ, ûκξȣĪЩο, ֻܵͷģȻЩ¡
ֽͨҲ߯ˣǻȥιʮ, ͨĥĥ佫°á
ԪʼҲ⣬ϾصĶ࣬Ǵ, ˭, ϾҲǱһ٣Щ󾱷, ͨҲЩ¡
ʮ, ˵, ָˡ
ɽʥ˴ܴɽյûӵССҲҪǰȥմ֣Ͼ´, , Ӧ˴ԡ˵Ȼȥιסһࡣ
ʥ˳֮, ͷ, ǰ޹ˡǺߣȥԶԶһۣҲЩͷСǴţƤ, ˵ԸǸ֤ߣҲٹޱȡ
鹬˾ͥλƺƵߴߴһ£һ߱ι
ɵͥУƽѵһĴܡڶŲĴɴһ
˵˴Դʥͨ飬Ƿ֮սʱǳ񶼴սҪ֡
ιĴӣͬɣæòɿǶʮޣʮҲȡ
ҪкɿͣǱҪǲǹ򣬿ףҪ˰ǣȦ֯ɴߣػغüޱι̡
һڽɣɵţɵƣϲɵĽ
ȼƵ˺ͷ㷨
С㷨˵ͨȻˣԴʥѪִذ񡣡
㷨̾ԴʥԸԸգҪȻԴʥΪ֮ߣĸԸҪãѪ֮£ҪΪ˳ԣԴʥ㲻ˣ
ǰһ徻ƽﲻȼƵˣҲ̲סڣͨǵ죡
һ㶣˵ʦ·ϲͨ
ȼƵ̾һ˵ԴʥѪƵȻͨԴʥ·ȴԽ
㷨ĪƣҲã˽ʥˣʦ˵ԽأԵ֮£Ҳкβɣ
ȼƵ˻ۣ˵ԴʥȻĸԸǿѳ޿κΰգҪȻЩˣԴʥǶչأͨ񣿡
㷨һ㶣ҲȼƵмֵ
˿вôĸԸأʱ˸߲ҵ
ͨææŷǳɻ
ʮɣƶأƽߣͨһһ߷ģأҲϲ
ش˫ۣͨһϣϤĸͷ
һϼ˱ǿڣ˵˰֮ǰġ
ͨƳһۣ˵᲻˭ⷢ٣
ͷ۰Ͱϣ˵Ҳᡣ
˵ôҲһʥˣҲᡢҲᴩЩƼˣͨҲǻãææֺãǳʳǷ°ź򰡣æòֺ̾һԵɱûˣԴʥסǱչأؽ̽ûӻˣ
ԴʥΪߣͨѰǣ֮ʱЩԥ
ʥߣƣСܹܵʥˣҲ£λִǿҪǣߣȻһʵ⣬ͽԵֻأųծ
߶˵ͨԴʥ֮ѪǹԵ֮䲻һ£ãȴӦġ
رʥȼǾ춯ء
ߴ÷꣬Ҳã֮ûһ¡
ûǵԴһ飬ʱȥţеûҥԣǱտڲŪ飬Ҫǵ¶һĿɿڴɵһԿϷ
˵ǰԥԥһιȫ޹ˣҲ벻ͨͨΪηҪߣҲȵϹ
λʥˣѰˣȻٶ࿴ˡ
ͨغ÷٣Цÿ
˵ͨƵºÿ
ͨڣذѣҹ
һ߰ѣһ˵ĪҪˣұúܣôҲѧ˹ġ
ͨͷס΢⽫ӳ÷·ǸϸˣǺÿͨڣ˹ҲģѰҲɣ£ʹ
æʣʲôҺúóԡ΢ҪȻ̫·䲻㡣
ͨæϴ˻ĪҪ˵ȻЩŬᡣͨչȥβ޲˲䣬ڣزᣬǴңԸɻ飬Ǵҡ
ЦͨҾ͸ˡ
ͨ춢ס˫ۣ˵ڷ⸸ɣбǴɣǹƳ˱ȱι򼯸ǱΪرǹɣΪ˫޹ʹҶͬʱȻϰ͸رǻͼǼ׶ɺ㡣
صͷʣͨ첻˵ɺǱԲ
ͨǼ⣬ֻ˵ÿһ仰·ëļһ㣬ֱͣͨ¶ºЦ⣺˹ֿԲֿһ˫ɣزصǡ
ųĸʥˣƷķޣԶŴܣͷشһʱҲЩƮƮȻġ
ɺͨԴʥڹЪϢǽΧסʳʶ̣Ǻ档
ȼƵͷԪʼǰͷԣʵҲԪʼ֮ǰԣֻԪʼ¶ɵ飬ֺǺǣȼƵϣλʥ˴Σƶ˵ǿгǺߣҪծģͨ㽹ҪĪ飿
ȼƵһ˵ҲǾæϿס𸴡
ֻϺǺЦ飬׮Ե֮ϣ˴üã໥油ȡ̣λţ֮󣬶ȻʥѪ
һԣĿɿڴҲλʥǻҪһã
ͷĴӡɵɡʮкˣɺ
ιڹ徻޿Ψͨˡ
ƽ˯ϣڿرϸϰ
ֺأͨһ߸һʵƵΣ
̵ǵȴ⹦ʽù졣
ġͨ콫֬£˳˿˲ɢа̿ضͷڣĪҪˣǡ
һ㶣رͨѹס
ͨ졭һߴһ쿪ڡ
ͨס˫ۣЦĪ£ǡ
˫޹˲ʱգǳ˵塣
˵̹ʱʹʱ䣬ȴղܡ
ͨʥˣɱóԶرʽ࣬Ϻüҳϸ˼ǹ֮Ч
ؾö֮ҲΪ
ǳɻ֮ꡣ
ĳնǹͷ֮ϣͨҪȥء
ʱͻȻһۣǱشһƣ
ͨ˲Щѣأأòף
ƿڴͨ죡ǵ죡
ͨһԣȫȻѣЦأȻˣ
ȵΪǻ㾹㡭㡭𿪣
ͨƴӣһ˵𿪣ʶҪһһ
˴ʱڵϣͨ΢һزûסء
ͨ죬ֻס죬ĪҪˡ
ͨʱģǿɰظո˼䣬̨Ϊȫǻֻͨ̽ʣؿЩ䣿
Ǻһ֣ͨ΢̲סЦæסֻεȻȻİ㣬ЩΪҲǣףǹƭ㴦գĸԸ
תƳ·ޱȣЩįĪЩۡ
ͨ쿴ס˫ۣ˫˶СС
ͨæŶȥֻСڣա˵㡭ĪҪ롭
ͨһԣĻŭ·Ʈһ㣬Ϻ£Ҫըһ㣡
һ飬
ιڹỵֶ̄ҹһʥ˵ʩظ档
һա


109 һ
˵̫ϾǸƽ͵Į, ˵徲ǳ, ʳ˼̻𣬴߸ϡ
һֻһͽܣ
̫Ͼնȴʬسǿ, ʥǲϺأΪǺµһˡ
̹Ѫ츳, ӱ, Ҫࡣ
նʬǼ࣬, ֮ػҪ磬ǻɱķ, ȴǵõ֮, նʬϼѣ̫ϲ̹Ѫ, ضǧ, ֮һˡ
նȴʬ, սʤ
ؼ, 󽥽ãʬǰնҪѰſ, ̫Ͼִ壬Ľնľնˣ
ӺΪΨһ縸죬ѧź·ѧѧţԸҲܱǿ
ʵϣȷǿ
Գʥ󵽷֮ս֮£ܼ
Ϊһʧ֮£һǲټնǵʬѰ;ʥǽ̳ͽܡ
ʥǴҪѰ;ʥնʬǹԸǿ
ǰͿնʬǳˮ
ʵղյӣҲνǳʥ̧֮ͷ񷣬ԭʼͨˣǧ٣˽̣ôҪոӡ
̫ϾҪõģǧѡѡ
ȷǸ츳ӣǿ½棬̫ʮ⡣
ھڶ࣬˽̣Ҫӽ̵á
̫ʮϸʦʮ־أ˵ʲôӣָ··
Դ˰˾꣬ǲ̫ǰƤЦ
ʱ¶̫Ϻǿ
Ľǿߣ˱ܡ
øʦһǿʦǿ޵ģҲѧš
һ統̫ѧһ㡣
̫Ψһӣ̫ʮֱͽܣѪ̣ŹţĪҪ뷲
н٣쳾࣬ûٽһӣϣúóɳú޵úü̳²ǻˣ˵ɳǵʥˡ
˵ʥˣʥλȼռˣʥ˻ͷ
һ겻ͷһҲͷö֮ҲˣҲ˵ˡ
̫ϴһֱŴ£ϣΪ͡
츳ߣ޵֮·޲ͬܳʥĲܣ
Ұ˾УѰ޵ķɲݣҲȥȥѰ˾徻Ҫһһ
Ҫʲôʲô
һ޵ƽƽȣǵԶŴܣ˵Ҳƴһƴ
̫ȣϲţ䡣
ͨͨأȴ㲻
ʵڶ˵Ҫˣ䣬˽Ҳ˼̳УԸյڶӣȻѪעУ
ΪҪҪϢϢأ·Լǽһ㣬Ҳ㲻ġ
ʮֿ̿࣬Լ̫ͬϿһģһԸ޵޼᲻ݣҪ̫ϵ⡣
̫ϲϲЦǺǵʶ·ǲأס޵޳һ̫ǰı䵭Į
ʦϲģһнǰʦڴǰޣ
֮ٲŮ洲˵ϼ仰Ҳɵȥ裬Ҳأὥħ
Ӧûڰ˾ﰲ޵ϸûһƬ͡
ϴʱ⵹ǲܻȥ
ԶԶţǷٹȥ̨λʦ̫ϾĴѰţҳ
ʦأ̫Ѱ
Ѱ˼ضǶںһƬһ𣬸ɻ谵˾һ򱶡
Ըڴ˵ء
ԸħΪϺ£䣬ӣһǷ̫ڴġ
ţŬѹħҲذ˾Ҳ̫ϣʱǳħǰ޶£Ϊ
ħѹƵģԽѹƣԽǷԽԽֻţԽԽ꣬һգһ£һ꣬ˣҸҪˡ
ѾˣǷˡ
ʱţǶѪζʹҲѹһᣬҲһˡ
̫̫ˣԸֻӲд
أҲܵõͨµĶ౦˱ǡ
صЩħɱرܽ⿪ħ
Ȼǵģ˻ˣƭƭʦˡ
ΪƭʦΣ·һҪ̫ϾĨڵĴڣƭˣţôڡ
ǾʹԾ̫˵Ѱˣ̫ϱȻӦ
ʦʱΣ̶ǿЦԾǿɳܣʦҪаʹҪᡣ
֮ս֮ʱĲɱأ
սҲù㡣
˵ڰ˾һһУ˼ǣҪ̫ϵҲҪڤ˼գ׼ȥʡ
̫ò˵ˣˣȴһҪѹ
ʦ
һ谵Ķֻһ˵ס˫ۣһ
𣬼
ⶴ̫ˣۣüĵĺںȻã̫ϲ֪ʱڴ˶վڲԶ
Ҳվ˶ˡ
лҪ˵΢Ű


110 
̫Ͼǻ谵վ, ںڰûʲô
˵, õİ˾Ҳûʲô
ʥˣǵĮģΪû顣
Ψеķŭ, Ƿ֮٣֮ͨʱ
ĿҲ, ΪҲ, ڵֿħ
ȥգ
, ֻۣ˽ɫ, ŻǶն, ̫վǰģģģ·Ӱ, Цһ
ô, ʦ
̫Ͽס, ˵ΪʦΪħ, ˵ƶ񤣬ǱȲϰ˾һ˿
̾һ૿ڣʵˡ
, Ըؿںݺһ٣Ѫ˳
̫ûԤϵͻȻԸ˸ӣֹѪ
޵޼᲻ݣԸɼ֡
Դ˵ֿ޿ײħˣˣҲʹ˵ֿö֮Ҳǲˡ
Ը̫ϳҲƽˣڴ˵Щȫˣ
ȥʦڤ粻飡
·һľ׮̫ȥۣ·붨ˡ
̫ţϢȣ·ѹؿɺѪ
Ըӣ̫ϼģҲмۡ
̫ȥΪˣס½ǣ˫һ壬ǽ̫ϳ
㲻Ҫ˫ɫԳһ˿Ϊıǣƣ᲻ӣ
̫ħ壬ֻ˵㲻ӣĸӣѲЩڰ˾ģ
ʧЦԳһ˿⣺ģӣ޵ǵλʥˣ
ԴʥȻǵλʥˣ룬޵ãΪʦΪƻˣҲǿ󡣡
̫ûˣҲȲϡ
̫Ͼס̾ѰԴʥЩԵɣħΪʦдΪʦץ̫ˣֻͨǵ̫ԣ࣬㲻ۣЩͬǱѺۡ
ãڷЩ£ȴģ
һͫɫ΢üһīɫԳ顣
˫ӳ̫űһЦǰס̫ϣڣģΪôʦ
̫ԣüͷһֻ֣˵ħˡ
ǰӲ˵
Цһ˵ʦԼǣٶǲʦ˵Ψʦ
ȴǲˡ
̫ϳĬֻȥŲãּżסһ˿Ц⣬ģ·һ㣬ֻǿڣʦ꣬ѰᣬǻԵɺϣȵӣпޡ
̫Գһ˿ŭ⣬пޣ˶Ѫ㾹ǲǵˣ
ǡʧЦʦҪԵ˽֮ɰˣ˽ΨһӣʦŽᴫ˽̣ʦǺޣ᲻Ǹ֮߰ˡ
̫һ˻˵Ƕԣ̳²ޣǵʬնȴʥ޵ü͡ȴⳤǸأķһ飬ȴ룿
̫мȴƲס飬˵ᡣ
һֻ̫վǴѨ谵ģ·ǸӰӣС
̫ϼʹǸӰӣǵĮͷͬһܣͬһڱѩ˹
ģ˵нһƽӹˡ
ʹԼĵӣҲ⡣
ǵɫģ÷
ϲɫ
ϲԼһ
ڽԸһУα̫ϲģ̫ʵ̫Į²͸̫ţһ˿ã̫϶ȻҪ
Ԫʼͨǧ̫ȴΨһӡ
ʥ˵Ĺ̫гһ̫ȻҪѰˡ
ˣ
һġ츳ߵģЦģ֮ˡ
һġ
ԣأӵһۼʱãʦ̫Ͼϣɸ˰ˡ
ҲǲЦºͣûĪ̫ϲġ
ϲأͺˡ
ħɴ˶
ʹسʥʦҲлոӣȴҲѲħ
ħǼʣԱ޷Ͽɵİ⡣
ǿĤݡģ£ֱǿ
ͬĤȫ
ˣôֿɼûûʧ
·һ˵ģȴͬʱ
ǸʱᱻĽͽ
ǰʦл㱵ģ̫ʵʵ˳٣˾
ʦһ¡˵
һģħˡ
ڰ˾˵ʦһأ
¶һ˿Ц⣬ŵ̫Ϣ㡣
߹ȥס̫ϱ֣ڣʦģʦ⣬ʦ
Ȼס̫ϵ֣ϲ˲䣬ָ⡣
ʵ˲


111 
̫ͫ, ë΢촽һ, ŵĮһ˿ŭ⣬һҲ˵ֻס
Ҳջأֻš
̫ʥ, ʹŮһϤҲͨ͸޵, , Ϊħ
ķӿʮ, ħҲ, Ƿ, ȻҲҩɾȡ
Ĳ̣ԸֻԸӡ
סССģ鶯һ, Գһ˿
ʥ, ˵, Ե, Ҳǽʿɷ䡣
Ҳר޴˵ǰؽʿ֮£, ֮٣ҲãȻչؽ̲Ϊʥ˵һһͬʡ
ɷ䣬飬ΨܷԽԼʦ
ǹָ̫⣬ǳ߽һ
̫żŨѪζһƬɫԳһ˿Եᣬɢȣ̫һȻüͷ
ܡ
ʦ˿ˣЦʦ䵭˲٣ǰǲȴģġ
̫üë΢ƲȻסת޼᲻ַ֮·ֽһ㣬̫ΨԸǻһֱţӿɲǻɵĶ㿪Ҳá
ȥѰأǵص˵ɰȥħ
̫ϵķ࣬ʮȫ̫֮𣬷ʧʱ
ħ粡̫ѲˣħԼʦ֣
Ȼǲܡ
̫ڳĬ˼ֻԸԽԽƤһ̧սѿ죬¶Ц⣺ץסˣʦ
̫һ˫ֵһ壬˫ַſȻס
˿ֻ̫Ľײ֮ϳ
̫һǺһ̫϶סŭһң
ǰΪǰ˾һƷ˷̹һرޱȣ
Ī˵ʥˣҲƿ
£Ҳر֣̫ϴΣ˾ڷǲȥá
ãֻǵȷֻװڱ
ȴ룬
ȻǸҡЦʦ¶ˡ߹ȥ̫ϲᣬڣʦ㣬·Ϳҩǰʦһ߽ס±ҩԵ
̫ϴŭ˫ֱ˲䱻סͬѹҲǼ롣սĵ˵껰ȻһŽ߿
޵޼᲻ݣ̫ҲǵŰ˵Ҳǲأǲܽߵ̫һߣǽ߿ʮ࣡
̫Ҳƽͣ÷ֻסԶƿڴϣΪʦħԽ֮ΪһֱţȴԴᣡʩѪƣʩ˴˷ǵѪ
ԴЦʦҲ֮ˡ
˹üۼԳʮаüĺں֮Գ죬ס̫ϣǻһ㣬ЦʦҲŭӴǰΪ۷£ʦҲ治ɫסʦɫ顣
ٵһָһɫǵϳɫ΢⣬˫ָֻ̫Ǵȥ
̫Χϵǹӳɫ飬΢֮޷ܣ̫¸谵ĶѨ֮УΨǴй⡣
ζأ̫סɫȴǴ͸ط裬ڹ֮УҲһ֣òɴ򴽶ס˵һ仰
̫ʧˣ
Ųһ٣üĺں֮ɺѪƿ˿ڡ
վԭأʧЦ˵ʦô˵ΪΣ
̫򴽲˫ĿӰֻڣħ֮ǵʦɫʦи֪
߹ȥס̫˫Ŀϸ飬Цʦģס
̫Ŭת壬ֱǹǿ˹ֻֿѪҴܡ
Ĭ߽һ̫һѪ
ɫ䣬Ͻȥʦֿ
̫ϲȻ÷Ҳ˵һ仰
һͷ­̫Ϻ󾱣һ飬˿ɢ
㣬̫϶ڣʦĪҪٵֿˡ
᷽Ƿ裬ʦҪῪǹ
ʦ˵ʲôʲôֿˡ
§ס̫ϣ̫ϴߣսߣڣʦҧգʩߣѪɿǹ
̫˿ԥһڱҧѪܡ
Ѫ˲ӿ˳
΢ֻںͷ૿ڣΨһԸʦɱᡣ
ΨдԸ
ޣһֻΪ
Ƭ̺̫ϱס
ʵǣ
̫ϽϣҲֻ˵˵зӳħѰˣƣӽԿɡ
ϸƳ̫ϣ˵ŴȻħˡ
̫һϣֻ˵ѲҪɱ
ضס̫ϣЦǲңȴʦиӣħҲɱɱ˭ħַһ
̫ϾԶԣԳһ˿ֻ˵˻зӣ
Ȼзӡ
ֻһڣͷһһǳϻ
̫ϼӣҲ΢ȣüꣿ
صͷҲ̫Ͼֻ˵ˣ˻Ȼɡ
̫ϣ˻ã
סǻվԣƼüͷ壬·ʹֻֻ̾أȣϴȥǰɿأǰϴȲ˻ΪƯȴ
̫ϵסǰסأ˵˻ȴã
ʧЦĪҪţ˵˶ȴȡ֮
жȵϡȻ⻨ȴǰա
̫Ϻ·˵ȴվһҲ˵
ֻء̫ϣĪҪˡ
Σ컯˽̣ѰˣģֶȻʧġ
̫Σؽ飬걧ȥ˵ظ
̫վڣΨһˣͷз紵۱תͷ⡣
ͷĻ£˲ɢ𣬵סģģģС
˺ããֻ࣬ħҲ˶̫࣬˭
Ҳù˶ֿ꣬ʼսˣ̫ϾʼαһȰˡ
ڷߣĴ̣ϵرȥȥߡ
࣬Ҳ飬˵໰顣
ָգ˼䣬ǰ˾żŻء
ǰ˾ģΨһˣЩ˵һ仰ܴԸ
ڰ˾˵
һգһ㣬ڸȥߡ
ɽҰϪߺ˿ˮˡ
һи˴˭˵أֻ໥̲պι¼氮ٴ̣ȥǶá
̫ϼ˲ʮ꣬ǹֻЦպι˵öԼо˹ƣ̰սǲͣЪгһգ̫ƽǱΪ
ΪǴΪΪ
ڴ֮ǰսҲɱܣҲᱻս룬Ͼսȥɱġ
¶һ˿Ц⣬üۼִһ˿˵гһղҪȥɱǲٶ
̫Ц棺ˣѲΪǰıʿ˵̣ܲ
ЦҲã
̫ϸסˣͷֺڣģĺӣ˵Ŵϲϲģһڱͣ
ȴ޵üá
תͷ̫ϣ¶һЦȻһơ
ֻͷǴССĻɱߣżܣӽͭȽľߡ
̫ϼҲ΢ȣֻ˲ò࣬Ըޱ߷ȴտ̫ľżȥ̣
ЦȻǵģǸܣﻹҪȥĪҪţܶģ
̫üֻ˸أǿǽߵĿܺľͶˣ
ֵ
̫ͷؼȲõҲܶģ޵
վߣأֹɱ¾ͣ
˸ࡣ
̫һ߿һߣֻһľţľлأƤһһָľűǿˡ
Żͷɾͷ֮
̫ͷ
ͷΨһżż̵
˲ϸéһſˣǴŭ˺㿴ȤȴҴģ
̫һֻ˵ʧˣͷһʱ档
˼䣬ǸҲǳϿңԭ
ֻ̫ʵͷż˾£·һ㣬ˣ
˽ȥֻżշڵϣϼ˿ҳסż˵ˣСǶһˣסҺԸҲĥǺҿ˾߿ܡ
ǰ˭ģģ
Цᰴ˭ģż֮ˣţԼģգ
̫̾һֻʣ߿ܶô
ҡͷ˵ܶġ
̫ϲͷǵȴƿܶ˾ϸżȴǲܶ
ֻסżڣ¼ˣżᶯˣᡣ
ᣬЩЦǶžżա
żܻܶȻȥա
ա
лҪ˵ƪ   x,ôô


112 һ
ʥ, ȥ迴ס̬
槼ýԵߵȴ·ȹ, ¡
豾һŮɾծ, Ͷ̥
ԹǰţǽͶ̥, ɺ, Ͷ̥
Ͷֲ̥ܾҪӱ־, ȻҪԸΪ˼, ɱ, ǻɢ
Ů洡
ʥһָȹ̣ޱ
ϻۣʶʱ, ͷҲ̧, ֻڵ, ֱʥ, ˵ԸΪ︰𡣡
ŮĮ·ʴ
ڳ裬ǵ槼Ůͣһ£һһ
轫ͷ, 槼ﲻ죬ȴǷ·ǰͬ
Ů΢槼һ˹ŮĲ˵죿
Ƥһ槼˵ʥ֮ܳɽ˼Ůһʫ
槼ŮģŮѰסȻǲ槼Ϊ
΢޲ǹޱȣصū槼Ǻū澶²⣬槼ɣʱ߶ңʵ˵ãǳս槼лᡣ
Ů洳ĬƬ̣˵ȥ裬ס̬״ȻѰ㡣

˳裬ɹסʬڳƳɻʬԸһ룬ʬ˲ʻޱȡ
槼ϲè
ҪߣȻҪͶá
˴λس裬ȴ·Ǳ飡
ɹ֮ʱֻŴºʺȴɱѹƲס
槼ǵ·Ҫ裡ɹ·ǾǺ֮ˣ޲ɱˣ
谲ĪǺˣ
槼һ٣ֻ˵˴ֿѣ
ɱѹƲסԱˡ
˵ԱúãҲԻĻģĪ槼Ȼ
ɲˣҪŮǿסأ
˵Աǲã
槼̾εںδ
һת˵ūһлǡֻǡ
槼ӴǼ±ʵ˵
裺ɽһ¥ʮգǸ¥߿ժǣл꣬ɽɣҪЩǮơ
槼һȥ˵
谵ֻ̾Ը˼£ǵ槼겻ȲҪʥ𷣣ǵ槼Ը࿴϶
Ҫ
槼ȥµѰ
槼ݳ档
Գһ˿ͣڣ£
槼һƣʾȥ˵ͷѪ֮ˡ
Ϣأֻס槼ŭɫĬֻ槼ǿڣ֪˼ε
һæʵ˵ǷзӾ
槼Сڣȵлꡣ
ժ¥˲ƣһ¾ͽɡ
¸Ϲ
ҶЩЩǹ̩񰲣ŲԹ
ҲȰأߴǰɱһƬˣΪ·̫ʦδ飬ײǵ
ժ¥˳˳ɣǽǲ¥ֻ˵ǽˡ
ȸֻҡͷ̾ȸ˵·ֻǰŮǰʫժ¥ɣ㣬
ֻҡͷĪҪĪ˵ҲǱʹϧ
ԡ¥ǰƣ˳ʮգʮա
Ļס槼еʱѹʮˣ槼
槼ǵܣҲǽ˵ⷨӿл꣬ȴǲѽ
裬Ȼ֪ˣ
ժ¥Ȼл꣬費ƭƭˣ˲ƣ槼ǰܽɽ֮٣л꣬ҲзǘɣҲһ㡣
ɲɣȴ
ֽ治ǺúŪϻʱѹԶԶƼ槼Ǳ׽ס
ŭȻٵҪɱ槼
һ߶
槼Ǳɱͷתһԣæ߶ɫ
ֻǷһ߶Ի֮ľ
槼˿̽źҪһʱ̲ЪϢ
ֻ΢¶һ˿⣬ͫȻǣֻվԭժ¥ϣ૿ڣȥһ˵ɡ
軹˵槼ֻҡͷһͬȥ槼˵Ƿ߶˺֣һ°£Ҳ¶ˣɫϤģȻҪˡס裺˵˵ǷӣǺᣡ
ժ¥壬ΨζͬҲǲ¡
ײײȥ̧ͷã˫ʣ¹·һɴ
ڣǼ˫ۣ
һͷ˫Ŀס˿һ°ۣ˫̽գ
أϽȥСһۣɬˡ
ֻЦѰ·Զ˫Ŀ㣬Ѱòŵ衭̧̧ȣЦƣЬҲˣȴ᣿
˫Ŀͨ죬ʵѰãѰ㣬Ѱá
ᡣԸһơ
ؼˣЦ˵֪áս˿ЦɳƣۣȥЪϢ
һϣͷҲһأֻߣ籡һֻ˵
סתڣժ¥רΪ㽨ӼʣȥЪϢ
Ц
ľνǴ㣬ζӳ鱦Ӱ߲
أϣ˫Ŀ˿סƲ飬˯ѡ
ݣڹӰ֮УƯˣԲһ֡
ϥڵϣ
һ統һ꣬Ӱ룬Ҳȥ
ΪЬ΢ʹ
һæȥЬ
Ьã˵á
Ьȥϸǽŵףŵ׹⻬䣬׵񣬲һˮݡ
ؽźñ
ϵЦ˵
æȥֻǽڹǷ֣˹סգ
һֻЦƣҲġ
ָ΢أ̧𣬶һѽ˫ס߹ů
סأɫ˫΢ţǴսһ֣΢ڣػ䲻
ֻһЦ˫ִг§סῪڣ䣬伫ˡ
סأסԣ˳ķ˿ڣůůġ
лҪ˵ÿ൱һƽ磬ͬ·һǽǶ


113 
ժ¥Դʮ, ʳסнǣ֮Թص, ǹ槼סҪ
槼ɹǵǵժ¥ĪˣҪҪģҪס
һ, 槼
Ǻˣ
ֻ槼˵Уȥ
槼߶Ȼʮ, ʱչ, Ի֮սѡ
槼Ѱ֮ʱ, ֻζţԶԶ, վڴߴͿš
槼ںͷ
ֻعͷ, 槼ꡯһѹĪҪ˵ȥ, ˯ˡ
槼һ, ͫ׶һ, Ǵ, ңһˣһۡ
槼¶, ֻסԣۿڣĪǺͿˣȻأš
һתͷһǱˣͷһͫһ֡
Ȼ˫Ŀ󣬶ס槼ȵأŻڵģ
槼һֻۣ槼ҲģúõҪõ⣬壡
賶ס槼ۣ˵ĪҪŭ
槼˿ŭŭֻͿȥô·ʧˡס˫Ŀ˵Ǳģ㷽ţΡ
˫Ŀͨ죬ֻγס槼ڣ֮
槼Цһ˵˵ҪɱᣬҲ˵һ˲ãҪɱ᣿ȵУǿǰ㸨᱾ڣα⹬ܿൣǣˣ
Իɱ磬ֻס槼õؿȥ

һѽ槼˹æ߶
ˣ槼ŭҪҪԯȥˣʡ˳ΣɷҲ
Ȼ槼֮вµЩãʥʹڴˣݲ槼ԣס槼ȰǻǵԸģ
槼һõǹֻסһֱ̾ˣ
ɫһһǴ󵶵ڵϣ˰Σ૿ڣ˵ҪԶţúʱ
槼Խһߣһ˦˳ȥ
Ḭ̄գ˼
槼ҪỹɫϤģ޿ײ룬Ҳˣ˶ȻΣﾡ
޻˵ֻ槼˦˦䣬ȥˣޣϲ
槼ֻ˵λ޵񣬿л꣬ʮ
Ժɫȫˣ槼˵úúܡ
裺ǽãϲòɣ
槼һЦ˵ȻǵģϲĶ࣬ȻҪ÷˵һһ˵Ƕ
ҹϲģһƣǸòɵģò˼亱ϲ˿ޣģһɷǡ
ȸ߸һ֮ˣϲﶨȻܵôԵߵҲ槼գ
槼飬ЦӲ·һ㣬ǰ˼⣬Ѳϲ
ּϲͯŮ࣬槼ϤȻֹ˵ġ
ѹǣ槼¡
˵ժ¥ŵϲģ磬˻޹һ󡢵ȵȣѹ
ʹѹҲΪԸΣΪ槼˵ǽӻл֮ˡ
Ȼˣ֮󲻿ɱʵ
ȴվǰ˵ʵ˵ı䡣
л㱵ģȻֲʵξ
ֱԴ˵࣬ţĻˡ
סر֣伫ˣ伫ˣξһޡ
ʵģˣȴǻš
ǿºͶͣĵĳӣǽͷεֿѣֵͬܣκһ˿Ƿ֮룬ǰ಻
һЩʱգ槼Ի귨Ȼ롣
ħɱ¶һ˿غò׻ˣ˵ɣҪ߱ߡ
ס
ȨҲɽˣ֮Դģϵ裬Ϊ
ԣΪԼ
ءĿ⾼סأ񳯸ƻңҪίϲˡ
ʹǼٵҲá
Цίίģƣˣ󹬻ƣҪס
ЦúúãסģƣǺꣿ
ɹ槼޶˴˸磬Զ屻Եܰ칬ҲǴ˸硣
Դ򽪺󣬽бţսս
槼̫Ը槼ʵǸˣֵô谮ǿߡ
ͷ֦żȻͷŮ̸ۡ
һŮЦڣϲǲ޹
һŮЦ㶮йأϲͬͬסҹҹ谮罫槼ȥʮǧඣ
һ˺ϲѲɱ槼ﻹò˵ˣϲ槼ãⲻԸ谮ô
˭˵أ
ϲҲƼǸˣǵˣ·˼䣬ֱԶԶţ׽࿴һۣҲ¡
ŮߺЦҪȽУǰЩʱ̫ƽЩᵹҪƣǸˣ 
ö˶Ҳֻ˵ȥ밲
µ˻ᣬЦӭϲµ塣
ţ壬Ȼǲġ
ֻǿڣ槼Ҳڣһͬȥš
õǹ죬һֱס槼ƳЩޣȴЦһֱϲȥգ·ֻ̫ܴŽ
ϲģ繬˵òɣϲһۣĪ֮ӡ
Ǳʶ˲ǣһһнȲſţ·𿴴ˡ
ֱ亰һæ
ʵϲɫл㾹Ƕã
ִ̿檼òһʱ侹ǿˡ
ش˵ͻһλĴƽͣԾǺЦֻˮ岻ʣ
ЦǰԹЩģȻЩˡ
ϽصðԵģ໨ôЩ
Ƴ۴ΪȺദȴĳȵǵģܱȵµģ
ŵɫ֮ڣȣñµĺóԣҲǲҽģ
룬ĪŴŭʮû·Դһ㣡Ը뷨ŵˣ͵͵ϲģŮ˹Ǳ¼˵º崺磬̲ס˵䡣
槼ȴ槼˴һۣ
£ǵ죡ôŮ˵У
һٷԵǰݻعĥ
ͷ槼µڳαϲĲ¶ڣ÷
ǣס˵֣һģֱҪ۷죡
һҡ˵⹷èôĪҪƭˣԼ࿴ϲĲ¶֮˵óûռأ
ʵһֱأϲˣȥˣû˲סãеúܣ槼ҹ͵͵סˡ
ʥ֮ǲ槼Ů活ɣҪиӽ֮
ϲҲЩɡ
˵ˣڹлƣη
ҲǷգҲ߯УҲҹҲ˷Ҫ
ժ¥˵£¶һ˫۽˶סۼֿ죬Ͻ§סأѹϹȥ
رͷߵڣȥҲǰ취ΪãɱҲ£ҶϷִۡ
Цһ˳ķ˿ڣ᲻ֶۡס˫ۣؿ᣿
᣿˵ֻŲˡ
§ס߿ڣϲģۣǿססһˡ޵ֻںЩܣȴóú󹬣ǻ
һϣ˫ĿֻԼԼƼݡ
üģ̽˫ޡ
סһ̽Ϊ˾̫ơ
ƵΪһҪʲô
ֻ̾üͷ壬˫޷ףǿ塣
ǧδǣ֮
æڣδй
Цһ赣ǣ󣬳Ȼȥȫȫ⸨
ƽңԡ
һֱڴˡ
෢§סأһסԣڣأ֮ҡ
֮ҡ


114 
һ֮ż, ͷϡ
ݱ
ˡ
վǰ, ·ڶߣһȦһȦصزϢ
µľϵĳű, ݡ
ĹԱʱʱ͵һۣ˸ҳ
ݡȸȥ÷׷Բ, , һأ̾, Ƿˣһ𡣡
ߵôæ, ᲻һ, գһҲš
÷ʵ޲֣ߵüΪ, ġ
ס, , һƬ
ͷѩ, ׷ġ
ãһƬס
ӿ˹ǵζ, ˿΢΢԰׶䡣
µľü޻ݣء
ʵ̫ˣݱǰگɰѳֳڳã⣬ɲݣɲһ񣬿ܻһй
ľܵв
ãȣλѡµľСϵôˣսǴ̵
λȴΪãÿÿԱҪ֮ҲҶӡ
÷ˣ̾һֻȥأкδ㣿
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