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01

ѹյȴûȥ֡
̨Ҷɹήңֻܳչбһ
һݣͿڴ̨µС
СǸոռǵͣīڵĳһСɵķ٣ǰϸĶ̷
һ΢΢Ʈ¶üüһ˫ۣ˿ӳϼ⣬·ϸǹС
ⲻϵһμۣȴǾ̾ò
ۿСһſ绪뿪Ŀ⡣
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Ժյļòǰ;Ҳδ֪
Ƶ˼ҲԽƮԽԶǰվδ
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ŵ׶ۣЦңֻˡ˼鲻ϳԷҺãȾˡ
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ĦŹͼЦ᲻⣿ƷǷġ
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СĿҪèġ                    
лҪ˵
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ҪȢ

˲֪лĺɫѱ˼
ֻ֪๫һͻ죬һľͻ
Ҳֻ֮ɱ֮ˣΪֻع

02

ĿҪèġ
˵ĺɢһҲв˵Ļ
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Ǿ仰˲㽩ӣûͷָסָͣס
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СҼҵģǲš
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˵꣬㿴СĶӡ
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ǼǹζҲԽ
͵תĿֱͦͦˡ
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СҼҵľǷ
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03

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̧ͷȥ˫ķѾϾؿ                    
лҪ˵ĵģձģ

04

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գգۣ̬ȣֲ룬Сʵáôˣ
ȫ¶дŽ֣ظ֪Լϲࡣ
üͷѵùһЦͦúȵġ
ͦõģǾǺܺĿζˡ
ݶϵĶŰҲһΪҪڳˡ
Ͼ˼С簾ģ˵ʲôĻǲ̫á
ۼЦˣҲЦϲͺáȥЩ˻簾ȡϲʲôҶ԰
Сеؿƺش
Ȳǰ˵ԼϲãСеĿ⣬ûסǻشˡ
ۻϲϲؼ£ʰʹȥ
ȿıӰ΢УѰʵáԼѧŰģ
ǰҸѧģװĸúȡСﲻĵؿ佱ţᵽףɫЩ䡣
ȴŲµԭ
ûж˵ʲôֻǴһգգ۾Ȼ뵽ʲô˳ȥ
ûһСܻˣﱧһ
ڴͷЦŶ˵á常ѣµģûϵˣȻװɡȳȥϴ룬Ҫʲôͺҡ
ɫոʧӲڡȥš
ŷŹϵոСѹӣؿеơɨһ۳䲻صáɡ
䣬Űת˲ͳڣ˿ûв
ܣõܿˡŰϥأоΡ
ΪµİӰƴȫõˣ
ɫ˿մȾѪ
ɲֹѪ
Σ
̿ѾɱϾǱ߶Ϊʧ١ֻǡŰͣһ£żáʧˡ
û¶顣
Ǳߣ˵Ϣȥ
ĻʧپԺѲ˸ϵŰͷӦǡ
۵˵ƺںֻ˵
ոࡣζϤѾʮûгȻƫƧĴ³
ǣȤ
ûٿڣŰ̲סڡá£׼סҪڶ뿪
뿪ΪʲôҪ뿪̧۷ʡ
Ű΢ۣȵ˼СԺªѵҪס
ҡ
£ʧٵϢѾЩ˱ػȫ
ȫЦһŰʲôʱҲ˵ֻˣ
ԣϴûʲôȫĵط
ȥСļԽϸԽáĸĸݡ
ŰͷӦǣȲ֪Ȱȥˡ
»ָŵԼϵѪζЩü
Ժʹ˺һӦûˣ׵ͷáԹŶҽȥԡ
״ˡ⡱֣β˷ܵҡҡ
ͷߡ
ſվһûʲôţӣҿԽ𣿡
£µһ٣ءšһ
Ŷһ̧۾Ƽڴߵȡ
֮ǰȾѪһߣ£¡Ҳɵؿţ¶ݵš
û뵽ûѣĿǿŵϡ
ȵʶҪ۾ȴȻһ٣Ŀס
ֱ̫ӿȵĿڴ
һİ̺ۣбźĿڣû֮¡
˶ԭأĿǵ˰̣üͷԽԽ
ԭ뿴Сŵӣڼ㲻㽫£
ϵվߵǰ
ܸߣ£Ӱ
ֵһСĶͷɵˣ
̧ͷȣɫ˫ͫﵹӳȵӰӡ
棬Щ
ܿ죬С￪ڡ
жˡ

05

ﰲš
ŰݶϣѾʡˡ
ֹס֡
Сʲôʱ¶ģ
ڵͬʱʣܿͽʴ
ܣ¶
Ҳ֪Լƶʶѡ
۲֪Լһ仰ʲôʡ
Ȼֱ׵ؿȣʮƶ㲻ƭҡһҹȣ±һֱָ͡ġ
жˡ
ҹ뷨һֱţ֪òʡ
ɸոտؿڵ˰̣ûס˵ˡ
ֱ׵൱ڵܣлЩġ
ȵͷŰͷǿĵС˿Ц
ЦвģһֲΪʲôҪЦ
жһܺЦ
´˵ҪЦˣض仰
á۹ԹԵӦ
ǰȣ¿˿
õһɫԵ¡ߣЩ̣֡
ɫ·һӰƶѹ˽ȥһĶŵĽ
Щ̣ȥµĻ˿ҲҪҩûʲôԵģһЦŵ
ⱻת˿ո˵ж֮¡
ȷ΢УһЩʽشǰˡ
Сﴩŷɫİ޻ȹȹĺԶ棬幦ʵ
СƤף۾󣬴ҲǷ۵ġôһԼһֻС
һֻ󵨸۵С
Σ㹴һֻӹɢ¡һ죬£ڡ
ֳԴ̧СΪʲôж£
ᡰһԴƺЩ󣬡㲻˵ΪʲôҪʣ
˵˵𣿡
ԴһȲġ
üЦſȣԸ˵ҵĻҿ϶߱ˡԸ˵ĻҲûϵ˭ѽǿȱ˵Լһֵܹ¡
һֱЦţ۵չºᷢƵġ۽üҶǳǳЦ⡣
ţ˺һ
ȿЦͻȻ˵صáЦˡ
һЩ⣬Ц
ü۲䣬ջ΢΢𣬴ŵί
Ⱦ泩ˡ˸ƣֵ˵С㡣
ؿ˼֡
С
̫ˣûͦÿе̲ס۸
ҡȼ̵ص
һֱûȫϣĻ̧ۡײһһ㺦ߵ˼ҲûСֱ׵ضȿ
ͦ΢ŵ죬ҹǰûѪɫ
͸ϣ£ڹһ˲۾е㲻ˡ
Ǻÿа֪Ļ˵ԹԵջĿ⣬ºĿϡ
ᡰ˻һеС
ؿˡ
ȲٶȦӣ΢΢ǰ㣬ĿЩһһصáʶҡ
ʾ䡣
һ㶣Ŀ⣬һĿͷʹҡҡԴʶҲʶ㡣
СѵӲüá𣿡
ӲʶңȻҹҪҡĿҲסˡǡ
ȹͣһ£۶䶯һ£ЦһáǣҲʶ㡣
ȸû۷Ļᡣ
ȻҪҪһЩ˵ס
Դʹøؿȹϵĺ
ȹģ常˵ܺÿ⴩ġ
ǣûע⵽
ΪܶЩӵҲһӵ
˵ʶ
Щܣָоԡ
˲ǵϾôãܹ
̧ͷȣĿȻֱؿȥûһ˿˼
֪Ҫ˵ʵˡ
Ȼһ̾С˵áǣʶ㣬һ֪⡣
⡭
ü΢ûˡ
ۿȣ͸ֿ˵ǸһƵ꽫
ãЩ仹ô
ǰˣǽǵգúĸһǣȺˡɱӣﵽǻ⡣Һĸ޴ɶ㣬ֻܲһȹǣǻҹˡ
ǶħĽŲһһǽŲϣĸױڻֹס÷͵ֶڲ
˴һһȵĹӣαƷڵء
Ȼĸ˵á£
Ӻܴ󣬴󵽿ԲסˣԽʱܺõز档
קסĸ׵䲻ţ۾ôģѹ£Ửۿ
Ƭһָѳһθܵ𶥵ľ
ǣˡҪ򿪹ӣĸҪȥʱˡ
ʿŲɵֵѹӾԨ˳
͸ӵķ϶Կһ׵꽫˲佫Щħڽ¡
˭ǵĵӸҶİգ
ɤͳ޾ɱ⡣
͸϶Ųȴһ㺦¶ûС
֮뾡취ʵ֣˵⡣ҹ㣬ҵһ۾ϳ㡣
ʱĸһӹӡ
ķûʲô¶ȣɱ⡣۲£ֱ㲻
Ҫס˵ӡ
ٷ˺뿪ˣһֱΪҲˡ
˼ȥϣȴû뵽ļˡ
ʱٴμĶˡ
ȳĬⷬ¡
ǰأٷˡЩؼʷһܿ𵱳¡
ʱӱ߹ػؾΪ˶ܲҪ鷳ƵС˭֪ʱǻٷˡ
˵ǽٷˣʵ˶ȻҲһֱӳ
Ϊ·Ż⡣
˺ܶˣǼ¶ôǵˡ
˵Щַ
ʱȷʵһС
Сӹʱ۾ţϻۡ
û⣬һŻСӡ
룬ͼС̧ͷֱ㶵ؿĿⲻ㲻۾
ʱ˵ʲôǡ
۾Ư
ȫΪ˰ˡΪСѾɵˡ
ڿδɵˡ
𣿡һֱȣΪ벻ˡ
Ƶص˵ͷˡ
۾һͻȻ˵áһǵãʱһֱҡҹҲһ۾ϳˡǼ̫õĻǾǡ
ȹ⿨һ£ǽЦ⣬ϲҡ

06

ֻڻϼϲ֡
ĹСͨһ飬ܻסԼ˼̲סС˵Լ⡣
ϲĴʡ
ʱ룬ʲôϲ
дúסʹ常常˵һСҲ⡣
ڣ˵ϲ
ͻȻССǰ߼Цſȣϲʲôϲѽ
ݶϵĶŰһû
Ϊܿ͸ֳ⣿
Ҳһ㶣ϸؿ˿۵ӣȷ˵ٻ
Ĳ֪ʲôϲ
ҲԣʮСﶮʲôϲ
ٴ󵨣¶ġ
ϲϲǼһ˻᲻ԾĿģáأǲԼڸʲôһμʱ򡭡
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôʶؾͽ͡ѵĵһ˽ʲôǡϲȴԽ˵Խе֡
ӪЩүʲôû˵ϲеСɬĴʸѳ
˭Ҳûʹʲôϲ
Ⱦãٽȥˡ
ˣȻһתȻʵ
һ㶣ڵģ׻ôתǹԹԴáʮ塣
ʮ壬̫СˡԺʲôϲȶϵص
Ϊʲô常˵ˣҼǺЩ⡣ѾѽΪʲôǲʣ
ĺ֪ʲôϲ
ȶһȴͻȻ˵ˣе㲻ġ
ȿɲֻԵʵˣЦЦݷصá˵оͲСңԺҲʱˡסˣ
˵һ۷Ļᡣ
۾ЩƽȲ˵ӣֻίͰ͵ءŶһ
ȸոջشЩ
ϲһǻῪģá
⼸㣬񶼷ϰ
ͻȻʲôͻȻЩ˷ܵؿȣո˵ϲһ˻ῪģáҼῪģҲöΣֻúչ㡣ϲǲϲѽ
С˼άпգҲǴòˡϲĻھһɬӶûС
еΣ˿ۣվ
۵Ŀһ·ϣͷﶼǵϸâ
۾ȾԼЩ
ֺס۵۾ǹâڸסϲ
ΪʲôҶ˵ѽ۲⣬㿪ȵ֡
ȵ棬ļ˾ͣϲһˣǲһ㺦߶ûе˵ϲĻǲϲ
ߣȷʵûкߡոֻм
ԼҲᵽϲָоˡ
ȷ
Ҳû̫ʧ䣬ЦáðɡϲͲϲɣҲӰá
С˵ʱëһһģģЩ
ȿȻ뵽֪С֡
ûʣԼˣˣһûиҵء
ҽۣ۵ۡ
Сﻶ˵Լ֣ȴᡱʱüһ
۱ס۾Ȼ仯
ʡáĸأɻã
ԭ˲ǵ乴ƽȥˣˡ
۲Сˣô᲻֪ϡ˼ǲԸ˵֡
˵֣ͿԼװĸ׻һֱϿȵҹǽ٣ֿԺĸ˵ˡ
֣κʱǲпġοǶһʮС
ƿԼ֣˫۾Щոôˡ
ûѡ⣬óһǮС֣Ǯӷȥ
Ҫסһʱ䣬ǽסķáȥЩʣµǮšǲˣҡ
۵עһתƣϵǮΪԼ˻
Ҫסһʱ䣿
š
õ϶ĻشС˵Цˡ
ãȥ˻Ŷ
˵߾ߣ𹷽ǹŵ
һ̧ͷͿſڴ̽һֻԴ
׾ؿڵˣ۾ȡƺֻҪʲô춯
СԺûסʲôİˡ
ͷһЩ
ȿһ̧ۣǰ˼ЩըëҲö
ȴ񿴲̧žͳӡȻشӴ߹ûһۡ
Щ㶣Ǵȵһ˲ۺ
ܿ췴Ӧֶݺݵظȥ
һԺӡ
ԺӲ䣬ҵƺǺǵġһھұŽĵطЩ߲ˣһЩ֪Ļ
ССһԺʰͦɾ
ؿ˼ۣȴ뵱ߵŮӡ
ʱûôע⣬ֻһģӡ
ǣûпܡ
ᣬ࣬Ѿغϵ㡣еغϵ

ͬҩ۽ӹƹݹҩЦŵл
ҩƹ˰֣ãҩţ͵ҶԽ𲶿ĸлҪæǻåҩ̻ڲڶǸϡ
л常üЦˡ
ҩƹ˫Цûסʵá常˵ʲôʱһСܹǲȫġ
۵常صĲ죬书ǿ참صͶҲۡ
Ҳûгıӵˡ
⼸꣬ҩƹǿСﳤԽԽ˵ǡ
ŻмҪˡ۲ƹ룬ֻЦŻش
Ǿͺá⼸Ҳˣû¾ʹڼʲôҲ常˵ƹ̲ס
۲Ŀ⣬ֲáԼǹϵ˺ˣ˵Ҫ常ˡǨŭϣ㻹ҪעЩ
ԼҹӣǰЩӱ常һٵˡ
ûʲôӡֻ˵˱ͦңܳʱ䶼û´
۵Լ常׺ݡ
常ºֵˣ϶ʲô¡
ãע㡣ллƹѡЦŵлҩ߳ҩ̡
ҪȥĶҩ̱ȥ
Ȼûע⵽мڶ
־ٶڰĿݶؿ۵ıӰ
ΪŻᱻôңЩûŹȥЩ˿ڻʹ
־ֻеѹ
ұǸ죬ȻôĲ
ûұʲôʱ
ٻաūŴˣСԺֻһסүɷġСЦŵ
־ǹЦݣŵ⡣
գ㹻ˡ
ȵұһѳɶ֡
ұܿŭӣ;ʹ죡

07

Ժɢؿϡ
һɫӱŭؿҲվһߣЩըëơ
㾿˭ôСۼٲ˵ҾҪȥˣ
֣廴ؿǰˣΪŭ졣ǰҪקסȵӡ
ȶҲûֻǵؿĿ֣廴һɨ
ǰʲôû˵֣廴ȴһ١ֱϺѹǧﶥһҲǰһ֡
ģ˵ʲôŵ
׼һ˲˳ȥѸܵȥβҡҡȥĿġ
ף֣ô۸յſڣ㿴ſڶŰˡ
Ͻ˽ȥϵȣü䲻Ծ𣬡ˣҪվҪϢ
һ˳ȥģĶܶࡣӿֱϣһֻֻӵİ֡
ȴӲ濴ȥܿյЩġ
üһ壬־˹ȥ
ôôࣿȽӹӣָüø
ᣬѹıյô졣
ӱߣĵĺ۾ͿøססĵĺۣЦáⲻʲôġǰصҶ常˵ء
ûѣĸߺ常ȻչҲʱʱܹ˵õҪѧԼչԼһӵĲ˻ؼҲǳе¡
˵ԼʱﻹŵҫԼĳɷڡ
̧ؿһۣ᲻صصáܿģ
ЩŮһģʲô鷳¶ǽУôصû
ãԼ
۱˵һܸоЩġ
Ϊ̫󣬲Ǹ
뵽ȿԼ;ЩܡϵЦݱǳˡ
֣廴һֱԱ߿ţۿɼرòģЩؿȣҿСȥЩ˶Ϊɣ㲻лˣ䳰ȷ˼
֣廴Ҳĵպˣ۵Ա˵ôȻ˳
˵ҲȵķӦĵؿۣ۵صáСۣôĶôң㿴ĶպˣҪȥҲܰţҲһˡ
֣ûµģЩۺܿͻġҪ飬ôԴ㡣
۵ô⣬˶վ棬ȻһӣЦ˵áǱվѽȽȥţȥѲ͵
˵ȥеӣȵؿһۣһ١
ӦʱѾȥ
۸Ͻϣͷ֣廴á֣Ƚȥһϻ
ȲӺܴ˺ܿͽ˳
۽ʱѾ˶˳ֻʣ¼Ѻͼҩ
˵ҸѡѣҲ֪ϲϲ
ùǼѣַ˷
ѻƶӣƫ¡ǰȻܱȣɫͻƳϵ÷ϲá
ôѡ˺þõģϲ𣿡
ؿȣһͷܿ۾
۾ԼӦáš
򵥵һȴ˲۸
ϲͺáЩҩҩƹģһΡϰȣһҪŶ˿ڲܺõÿ졣
۵ĻڶһСӡóһǹţƤֽ˺ɫСǹ
ǹһԲӣױһǰЩǹɺóˣҩ̫ˣҩԼǹͲ
Լҩ㵣Ҳһ¿ࡣ
žúЦ˿ЩԲǹʵá¿𣿡
۾ءסһ˵ߣҲϽպǹȥ
ô˲¿أôҩȽȥô᲻أ㲻ƭң¿಻Ǽ¡Ҳ¿ģÿκҩҪôܳ׼㲻һᳰЦ㡣
ۻΪƭСરા˵һĻ
Ⱦöúܣȴû̫Ĳͷ
ҲûԼ¿࣬۰રવ˵š
һ·صݣ֣廴ϣһ˻Ͻվ
Щӵؿһȣ۶ȵĺԲЩ⡣
Сۣ˭֮ǰôûм
֣廴֪ۼＸûʲôݡסЩ꣬δۼҡȵһ۾Ϊǲĵͽӡ
۶һ£Ȼ֪ô͡
ǰһֱȲԸ͸¶Լ٣ؼҶǱܿˡȴû뵽֣廴ײϡ
̧ۿȣ۾գգѯȵ
ȵͷڴá֡
۵õشתͷ֣廴ԣұ֡Ҳһ죬رǰ참ģû뵽ˡҾˡ
ۺܿ콫ΪԵɲ
˸ոնӵ̫ԣ֣廴ü
ȣĿӣ֪ո̫ļΪô˼вᡣʲô֮빫Ī⡣
ǵǸĻȴ˵һǸҲûС
۸о֣廴̬Ȳԣô£ֻȼ̵صá򡣡

ѹ֣廴ĵ⡣֣廴Բȥֻһֺá
һʱЩۿ˿ɫ
ˡ
ͷ֣廴ʵá֣磬ʲô𣿡
֣廴ȣԺͻɫۣҹ㡣ڼңһЩġ
ȴû뵽ÿϵȡ
֣廴˵Ȼһ뷨
СۣһڼңǺסһǲ̫áסǶȥһúչ֡
֣廴һ˵꣬Ͱ
ü֣廴۵г֮⡣뿪ڣȴͻȻͣס
ͷ˿ۡ
Сô˵
üЩǸεؿ֣廴лл֣ĺ⡣ҲҪ׼ƿôñȥ㣿ǲĸ֪Ҳ᲻ĵġ常ܿҪˣ㲻صġ
֣ĸĶǰ;ôüƽ޹ʶһˣҶһͶһݸ
֣廴ǲ֪ЩĴڣһ뿪Ҳûôࡣ۵Ҳӡ
ۼ֣廴ûʲôҪ£ֶȸϽȥϢԼȥæˡ
ֻʣ֣廴ȡ
֣廴Լº˵
һ̧Ҫߡ
֣廴Ȼڣоͱ֮ơá֪С۵ı֡㵽˭ʲôĿģҪǸҶС۲ҾĲ㡣
֣廴ѹ۵Ľͣ뵱淴۵Ļ
ȽŲһ٣ꡣ
ͷ֣廴䣬۵׳Ū
ƾ㣿

08

֣廴Ǳߵġ
ȵʱѾʼϴ߲ˣűߣϢ
һ۾ؿ
ȵͷһۣվڵؿվſڣסȵ·һȥļơ
ȿţЦ
۱ЦһͷͿڵģȳͷŴס
̧ͷ̧ۿ΢㾯衣
һ㶣еĲˣſڣáףôԿˡ
۽׸ϵһߣüȣҪϢôˣ
ûشص˰̨ߣһδϴĲ˾͵ֱߡ
ϴѽԼͿˡ۸ȥҪѲ˶ù
û̧ͷؽ˶ϴ˸ɾ
û֣Ļҿ˼ĵؽ֣廴Ļظһ顣
ûסЦ֣ҲǺ⣬ǹġ
⣿⵹ࡣ
Ͳûλεдϲˡ
Сɵû˼ǣߵϡ
ʲôҪģϴˣִ˼
ۼ治ߣҲͰˡ
ȱϾˣһվ̨ߣһվڵ
ã͸ббս
Ƚһϵݹȥһ̧۾ܿרעĲȫ񶼷ڹеĲϣС
Ľëһһģɫͫ͸Ź񲻿ɶõıʯһ
·һֻɫè̤һƬ˼̻֮
ļ΢ȴûʲô仯
ղ˺ܿ죬һȶ
ۼ޹
һӷɫζȫƮζСֱӡ
ʢһŵǰ۾ؿ㳢
Ƿžͺ㣬ȶһڣеͷ
üЦҲԼʢһССغһڣ˫΢УģžһֻСè
߳Ա߸ȼвˣ۳Եȴ㡣ʱʱۣٵͷʱֻСɽһķ˿Ҫס
ִһ١
⻹һõôࡣ
극һʰ˲о֣۸׼óԵģۿȽţԼŻϢ
׳극ҲɻԼУβҡҡذţ˫һվʹ
ССԺ»ָ紵ҶɳɳԵð͡
չһһбϼ⽥ߡ
ƿӣԺ⿴ȥһ۾ܿʮɫĲϼ
ǰ־ɫڱ߽Ӫأ߶ʿǳֵ
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ĺһ̻
ЦЦ۵״Щ
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۶ҩʱÿվڴߡ
Цţȴоһ㿪ġ
ϼϣȴںڰԨС
Ųͷȥ˫дûջȥ⡣
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ļһ̣ȴûб¶˿
ЦŰ̷ŵϣȵҩݵǰҩȵģܺȡ
ЦϷ·һů⣬Ȼƿϵĺ
Щ˼۵׻ָĵӣֶ˹ҩ롣
һ̧һҩͼ˵ףǰգ۵Ĺ
סˣͷ˵ҩ룬̧ͷȣ۾ԽԽ
ܾСèһ
̧־͵˵Դɵˣ
̧ͷסԼ΢Ķͷûһ֣𣿡
⻰ʵɵġ
ȿһŵӣüһҩֶ
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۵һζԼ֪˻ɡ
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СίͰ͵ģۿ΢ʪ
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ҩʵ̫ˣ۶ǰԼĶˣҪá
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СĹĵģ۾ɵִĵ˳Сèըëˡ
ΪǲġЩ޹ص
һ仰ɹеίɢˡ
ò࣬ҩܿࡣǡȹҩ
۵ίֱ˶ȵۣЩɵʵáľò𣿡
ȿ϶صͷ
۳ײίˣЩѹϻмǹһͷƼˡ
ùһţֽ͵ݸȣ㳢ˡ
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СﻹڴԼȼ̵صáͦ𡣡
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СﻶıӰָ⡣
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Цҡҡͷ˿⡣
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ĸ׽ᣬʮǰжƴ壬˵Լսȥˡֻĸ常ʮһǰ֮һֱ죬ƽշǡַǰ常Ͱ˹һסš
֪뵽ʲôŰһ£żá常սұ
ұһüһ
֣Ϥ
£᲻
ǲǵˡ
С˵ˣ常мվҪ
ʱԿ֪һǲɺϡ
ŰӦ뿪
СԺţƿߡ
䣬۵ӡ̧ǼߣһƾͿ
ü
۾Ȼû
̧˽ȥڸּ򵥣ɫ뿪ţ¶ŵˡ
Ѿ˯첲¶⣬һֻﻹһ
߽˿оҲûУȻ˯š
̫͡
ҡҡͷ
ǰۿһ
ϸϸʵмƵġֻʱ٣䱾ģ
ȻҲ治ʶ
һߣɫƵ¡
űϡ
˹ڱѵط˸Щü
úý
ͷһ˯˹ȥ
峿͸һƬ
еüס
ЩԺ˿µɫӣԴЩ⡣
ҹûзӣҲúõطһߡ
׵Ľˡ
ٵʰã˸ľӽͷϣ첽˳ȥ
Ժﲻ֪ʲôʱһˣǼҶ硣
Ϸżӣ϶ϵź
üţһ̧ۣܿѾ˱ƻ
ڶҶƺվһˡ
Ҷÿ¶˳
üͷʱ
ϵˡ
Լҹӣ־١

09

־һ۾Ϳ˳µۡ
۴һźɫİȹȹڴŷ䡣ϲʩ죬һ˫ɫ˫ͫȵؿſڵˡ
Ǹܾ־ʮá
һ뵽Ժֻܿ⸱ģ͸˷ܡ
ԼҼҶɢ־ߺ̺һҡһߵǰ
ǰ˼ʯף۾վʯϿһȺˡ
վߣؿ־١ֻҪ£ܳȥҧˡ
Թӽ֪Ϊ£ʲô㼱Ŷ𣿡
۲˰ɫ˵Ҳº͡־٣ʣĿҲͱ֮ơ
֪־Ǹ˵ˣҲ׽ĵ¡
ˣٺõ̬Ҳܸı˿һʼǿӲԴ
ֻû뵽ҩƹ־پˡ
־ҡӣϹЦݡԭҲǸ忡ӣֻɫƣԡһֻһ㡣
۵ĻɫѿЩһ뵽յĿģЦŵáĪ֣ⶼҼ˲¡
װǸģתͷȥѵһˡ
ţĿ͸Ӷ
־ѵˣһתͷ͹ΪŵЦݣȵ˵ܵӣ֪ЩӶʲôģ
϶ź񣬿ᡣ
ֻɨ˼ۣؿ־٣Թл˵¡ܲĹ˲ġ
һǺ˹ȥ
־Цݵ˵ĵ۾ƲԳԷơ
ˢһȣûúãһ۵˻һ
߳ŭذСУŭáʲôӣ
ƲƲ֪֪˵ж
Ҳˡ⼸ӣƸ漫֮عûЩġ㿪ۣҲ˿ˣձաȻһ㡣ģһᡭ
־˵Իдŵ⡣
·ЩƸĶݡ
ƸʱһսȭͷĿ׶һ㡣
־־䶼ڸҪ常ڣǿΪ檡
۲ǻţ
־٣ĻԹĪǺͿˣ¸ĸ֮ý֮ԡԹӻôǶ𣿻˵ɾˣӺһˣ
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վڴǰ˵Ļü
ĻһҴѧģ
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ڻڶȰʶ࣬⼸ӣҲոյ̬ȡȻҲˡ
־ſ˫ۣʾʮҶЦſ⣬ЩҶǶܹѵġԸһСǴ´ࡣ
ǲƤ˺ǳ˵Ķħ
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ԼĻҪӡ
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ţ־ٷ·ʲôЦݺݵضۣһƥǣҴƸţ޸ĸԼãҲ˳Ӧ񷨣ǿ
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۵Ȼ֪һ̵ס־١
ȻЦһֱһ䣬ھͶ׼Լأ
ڷֻһһϸϸѪۡ
ѪȾ˴ձᱳǿŮɱ˵˴ĵб˿㡣ʹǮǱ죬ɵȵ常ֻʲô³
˵常ʱ־ٲܿƵض˶
ǵϴܵĥ
־٣Ӧò常ֶΡôЩ׼ķͽͻô㡣ȻǮ常֮ܲܽԷǻһ·
һһ
ڶģ־ٻẦ¡
ұֶ˲֪Ϊ˼ڣ˴۵ע⡣
־پٺޣҲԼ
˫ڽţֻ˭Ȱ
ۿ򶨣ذ׵ȴ΢΢š
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־ٵĻû˵꣬Լֱۣŵؿǰӡ
ǰѶ̵ͲֱϣԴȥѪֹ
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ÿһЩҶһ۵׶ž֡
ܹѵϰɡȵؿһȦˡ
ҶǶһ̫ǰ
־۵ɫףǶ˵òҶŭáϰɵ𣿸򣡡
ӷҶֻ׳ŵǰ
ʮҶӵϣۿţ̲סĵǰһ
ȱЩΧм䣬üɫδ䡣
ЩؿЩҶû·ĲһҶ۶ϡ
һߣҶ«һ£׷׷
ѹԵĴûʲô塣
ȵ˵°ϵĻҳŵǽһƬҡҡͷáôֽƬһ
϶ǰ־վ󣬿ⳡﾡǾ֡ĵ˼תܡ
ȵȡؿڡ
־һģڵء
Ƶ߹ȥӣؿ־١
־ӶڶɤڣģңԺ󲻸ˣĲˡ
־ٻҪģȾ룬һָֻڴߣáꡣ
־ٲ˵ˡ
Ŀת־ٵֱϣһΣذ״Ѫ
־۵ڵϴ
Ŷ̵վָ־٣˺Щӣ
־һǵ⣬ûСϽԸ˴һߡ
ԺӵĵϻɢЩѪ
վʯϣת
վչΧ̵µѪ
ǰ˽Ǹ꽫غϡ
һɱ֮ȴǰδеİ

10

һʯףͷۡ
۲ǵϸСѪۻðѪӣڰƤʮԡ
һֻȥƾס۵İ߲ӡ
ĴĴָѹǵѪϣ˿ðѪӡ
۵ᡰ˻һ
һֱȻо˿ڵʹȫи֪˿˿⡣
ôһ˲⡣
̲ۡס
һÿָ⻹һѪ顣
ողͦйģһΪ㲻ۡ
ۿǵѪ飬еɥصͷô죿常ڲŸҺǲס汻ˣǱûлͷ֮·ˡ
ʵЩѹġ
ûǰһʮˣʵµġ
֪Լ޷ЩˣֻԼע
˵ĶԡȲ۵Ļóһһ˿ϵѪ顣
һ㱻裬ԸԼԲҲҳ֡
֪书ġ
ɸոǸ龰£ûлͷһķ
Ȳ֪Լʲô
۵ĲţԼЦ
ǵġЩһסȵ֣㲻ˣ㲻ġ
𣿡
ȵͷ۵Ŀϣոյıֿɲ˼
Ŀӣ۵ֻȵϡĿе䣬ƿǲģ˸е⡣
Щʧطſ֣ͷǱ̵̵ϾѪŴĿġ
־ٱ˵ôأĻʹ˸
ġ
ʵȰæһͷ
ϾֻƼˮԵ֣ôܰԼ鷳С
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ջϵѪꡣ
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˵תߣҲһۡ
תͷıӰ촽˶ջʲôû˵
ͷתԼӡ
Ȼûйţһͷܿ۵ͷݵӡ
·ˮʪСè޾ɡ
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۲ӦõġǰǴΣҲѡ
ȫȫǲ⡣
÷Ƣ
üǰȾѪĶ̵ӵϣָ¡
ŰһֱעԺæ¡

ûָգŰָ֪Ǹոµӵܡ
ͷӦǣҪߣԼӵáûʲôҩ̵ġ
һˣȻҪʲô̵ҩ
Ű֪Ϊ˭ϸ룬Լңҳһƿҩ
ɫĴƿϻһССƿӿƯ
Ű˵ؿеƿӣ£֮ǰµġ˵̣ҩ϶д
Ԫҩ
Щؿƿҩ
֪Լ̵ҩƫƫһƿ
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ϴˣԼ壬ּء
ӱԹ˼䣬ʱ˵ôƵģ㲻Ǻ𣿡
ƿҩǹ˵ġ
һֱûóڵá
Űһʱҿڡ
ȿ˿ƿҩӶüˡ
Űһŷ
һӰڴԾܿʧڰƴ塣
ױ̨ǰһҩ˿Ϳȥ
ָһ˿ڣ۵ᡰ˻һɴ۾ϵҩ
ôôʹ
˿źǳôͿҩôۣ
ۿ˿ҩֿ˿ǵϸСѪۡһҩһš
ˣͿˡ
ôǳ˿ڣҲܺá
۷ҩҪת˸һͷͿſϡ
ֻһ룬һ߿
ȵĿƿҩɨ˿۲ϸûô˿ڡ
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Цһſ֣ǲ𣿡
̲ססԼӣίؽ͡á϶۰
ŶҵĴص
û˵ʲô
Ƣе㻵
˿ڣϡ
ÿƢе㻵ǿӲص
Щĵÿ֣ʪ۾ȣְ
ȶ۵ܲ
û˵ʲôó״ƿҩЩճҺ塣һʳָ⣬һȥ
ʶһȵĿ⣬ֹԹվŲ
ȽҩĨ˿ϣؽ͡á̵ҩҪ۾ͲͿ
ҺĨ˿ϣЩʹûиոҩôۡ
ȵͷĨҩרעۿһ˲ִ

۸Ͻͷ˦
ǸˣԲŶԼôá
롣
ϸϸ˿Ϳ˺ü飬ҩϣ۵ǵͿҪ֪ûͿҾ㲱ϵ˿˵øء
вûκá
üؿȣţһǵͿġ
һЦԭǵ㷳Ҳʧˡ
תߣȴȻСסС͵͵
Ҳǲ㡣
ȽŲһ٣תۡ
۹ͣ˶ȥҴһǲ֪ټҵĻ־ٵƢԣһưոݡʱᱻ׮У˵֪١Ҳ鷳
ǣһ鷳
СϾǸεı顣
ȿţȻеЦ
۵ͷ
Сͷϸëһ
ûסѣ۵;Щˡ
ͷҪˡ
ջ֣̲סۣɵ
뷴ȴ˰֣ȥҰҩɡ
ѣһ˵¡
ոܣ˿ǡ
ۻûڣȾͿĵǣҡҡͷû£˿ûѡ
ɫ糣ҲĻúϢԼϽȥҩ
СӰʧſڡ
ȻصԼӣŹϡ
ϣһɢܿȾѪ¡
ոնе˿ڻˡ
ǲҪȻҪˡ
һ뵽СΪĵӣ̲סЦ
ɵ
ãȴָرʲô¸鷳
ɵʲô
Ҳþûôɵˡ                    
лҪ˵ȣź˿

11

ãһ׺ۣ䵶Ӵ粽߽á
üĿʣʮӣĪ
ﻹһˡͷ棬ƣ˫ڵ¡˫۽ţѾԹȥ
⴨ȿұܵұԱߣһ۵ǸǱˡ
ⲻǸɻôץģ
ұزŴץʧܵĲɻɻƻòΪͷ۵Ҫ޵
Լˣȴ˼ҹδ˭һڡ
⴨ûݺݵһš
ǲɻʶ˲ûѡ
ģץˡұ̵ؽ͵
⴨Ľұļ򣬡Ҳ˵֡ôˣҪӡ
ˡұҪؽ͡
Ҵһȥ
ұ鰸ģȻҪ㱨
⴨Ӧһǲɻߡ
ߵһ룬͵ػͷûұӰӡ
⴨һԼԴԴոջšôһˡУҵÿ㣬Ȼܼܲˡ
ò֪ұÿ참㱨ͻؼҡ
㣬Ƕ²˵ġ
ӰƯץһɻ
Цúϲ£죬ұ˵ҪȻؼһˣһھͬˡ
ұ첽ߣҪҪȥЩʳȥһ뵽Сһ￪ĵӣұʹЦ⡣
̤ţͱͳ⴨סˡ
죬Ͳ𣿡⴨Žұļֱ
ұüŵקҪȻؼҿҪȾƵ졣
ұΪ⴨ȾƵģԥػؾ
ۼұҪߣ⴨Ͻסżߣͼ仰ĹǹŮġ
һйأұʱͣ
۵׽ӳ˭ۡ
ұģ⴨ֻҪ˵һ֣ұϾܳȥ
˲ˡǵǸԼҹӲ֮ǰΪҪҩ°һ١ںˣԣֲˡ
⴨ǰԲģұֻԼҹĸüͷһ֡
־ٳɫҶаְҩ
ұϢʱЩǶûˡ
⴨Ȱţ侲
ֻǴ֪Ͳ
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⴨ġ֨ȭͷϽĽұļ򣬡𼤶𼤶û¡ƸܵңҪ㲻ΪǿŮΪ檡ҵõϢȥ̽ˡû£Լֱ۷ذͱ˸Դ˿ڷףղˣ۳ǲˡ
Լҷ򸾼òУӲ˵˸Ҷ¶ҪץŮȥһˣ˵־ǻ¾´ΡǷԼӴ˻ҪûˡҾǸ˵һиס
ұ˪ЩƸǿʱĿ䣬絶һ㡣
⴨˵侲
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⴨Ƕરવ˵ţһ࣬ұѾԶˡ
⴨ȥķǳǡ
⴨ҡҡͷ벻ȥԼҾͺá
Ȼֲճ¾˲á

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Щǰ˿ֻ˰ߵţߵ̫ˡ
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СһЦǸԲԲľѾ¶
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СһЦע⵽ѡ
ԲԲģССģ
֣ΪҪԼϵ˿ڣʶס˲ӡ
ǹǽڷһתʳָǰһôǸ
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۲Цˣա۵չѾͲˡ
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ԺֱֻӶϵص
΢΢ۣһ־ѻû
һ٣ͱٵø߸ߵġʹȥҲû
ЩؿȣΪʲôҿҵĻ
һһ뻹ûأôԾߡ
۹ί
ͷȥȣ˳ӣøίˡ
С֮ǰʲôʲô⻹ǵһί⸱ӡ
̧°ͣ۵۾Ѿˣۿʪʪġ
ίȥ¾Ҫˡ
⻰ôã
ʪ۾գգͷ°ͱУֻСš
ϲˡ
Ȼ˵ЩʲôûڣȻءһŵ
⣬һ׺۵Ľұڡ
ĽǶȿۺúܽ
Ҫȥ

12

ұְ嵶ϣĿؿˡ
ӱģ
ұһ뵽ǸҪĵͽӣֻŭѹ
ڣ嵶ֱָȲ
һ޴ͷӦͷȥͼұ粽߽
һϲ̲סǰߣϲغ常
պ꣬ͼұֱָȡ
ЩȻؿǱ常ʲô˼
ұЩŵɫᣬ֣ۣ
۷Ӧ첽ߵұߣЩżص常ǻˡֻǡ
ǲǵԼ˵ұ۵Ļǰ֣Ѿȵ졣
ôһͷб۸Ůȴˣұɫࡣ
û常ô׵ӣͣұȴһֽ󣬲Ը˵
ڰÿ¡
ȸܵ߷ĵ⣬Цһתˡ
겻ʶ𣿡ʵ
Ľֱָȵĺ䡣
΢ұͫ΢
һָƿǱǳЦŵò֪Ըɣ
ұһĲѹ¡
𳤽תۣϵһֽŵۻ
ԵǣġһҺλлҪ˵
۲ĵקŽұ䣬ص常治ǻˡ
ұЦЦ۵ķ֪ģֻɶѡ
Žұһȥǰ˼
Ȼͷ۾ͣ½ŲЩĵؿ
ģû¡Цŵ
űϣ۵ߡ
ߵߣ
Щ߻谵
̧ۿվǰˡ겻ӡеģ޴ͬ
ֻǣǷʢ
ȫա
ұͷصϥأֵߵ̫ӵ£򸣡
ӽһ˲䣬ȱȷŽұϵ
ұҲ֪Լס
ȼǰ˫ַұ𽫾ˡ
ұš𽫾֣һЦֻһѲʲô𽫾
𽫾ˣʮǰľ
ûз
֮£ı̫˺¡ұԤϡ
ǹµĳ⣬ҳһ塣
ұƴǣȿ뷨Цŵһ·Ҳ˲ԡı磬һӦġ
ȳơҡұ֪ƴǲˡ
һ·ΪĸСƭۣȴû뵽̫ӡ
ô꣬Ϊٺ;˳Ϲϵˡ
֪岻ٺ;йϵƽϽ˷ˣ˼ƣԵɺ֮±ˡˡҲǼ֮󣬲ġ
࣬ζĸһģһ
䷽ֻ֪
Ű˵۵ĸ׽ᡣ
ǰǸ¹Ůӣᡣ
档
ŹŮ
ʱ֮Եٴȴûϳ̡
ʲôʱߵģ
һᵽ棬ұ¶ʹ֮ɫ
ֻ꣬Ҫһ뵽ʹԺ
Ϊܻסĸȴֲ
ұƴѹסǹʹ⣬ɤӵǰӱ뿪ʱûҵʱ۶ˡվûܰȥ
΢
ǰʱϳ̣Ԫڣ᲻ת
û
ҲΪǰķͽһϳҵģǲǣ
ұ뿪ʮ꣬λһ߲ܡ˵ϳ
ΨһĽֻǰǴ
ұͷ»⣬Ѳ¡
̫ĸգҲһֱעžľơ
ȵһ˲䣬ȷݡ
Ⱥף
꽫緢
ս߾ƽϽ˷ˣҲǲһ¾;
У˵Ҳضá
ֻǡ
ұ뵽񾩶ƣ̲סʣ涼ڴ̫ƽϽ˷ˣؾ;̿䲻̫ߵŴѪĲؾ˶ڲ£ǲѾ׶༪١ףΪλҪƫƧС塣
ұھжߣԴȥкô
ȵǲںЦЦģ
˵ұˡ
㰲ȵشаš
˵档ұȥۡ
ҪǣȴͻȻڡ
岻Ҫ֪ҵݡΪǰ⡣
ұһ
Ȼ뵽ոտĻ档
ȻǿŮ֮¡
ǣܲ
Ҳ²Ҫ֪ʵݡúܺãҪ뾩Żˮ
ұĻֻ۵ʵݡ
ףұ˵ۻؾ
ԣҪ۵ע⡣
ЦЦӦ½ұĻ
ס
ұȵĳŵŷĵسȥ
һȥͿ۰Ͱվſڵۡ
һұͱֽǰ常û°ɣ
۲֪ôˣ常֮ղ̫ԡ
Ǵ
ұôῴ۵뷨ҡҡͷֽùֽ߲˵û¡常ֻû뵽ǰľˣԶ˵˻Ựġ
ֽ𿪣Ǹɫǹ
ұһֽǹݸۣ³ǹζô
˵ֻ˵ࡣ
ӹǹУ˿˿ζЦˡ
һЦǾѾ¶˳ǹҪ
ұЦҲ滺Щ
۲ϵǵǳǳ˰̣̾˿ʱǲǺܺ£
ۡһ˳ŽұĿ⣬ڿԼӣϽסӡ
ʲôû˵⴨Ļǰұǰ룬֪ɵѾͷʲôӡ
ûµġӰǶˡ㿴˿Ҳˡ
ָԼǵ˰̡
˰Ѿǳˣҩüá
ұЦŵͷҵúúллӡǰǷ˼ζ顣
ұ˵Ŵ粽⣬ձշúллӡ
ȥæȴ˳ȥ
СߣұվԭأЦſۻݡ
ǰֿǸŮͷЦ֡
ұذԼĿڴԭֱͦ
һսսɳŹݺߣ޴顣
ЩȥԸԶȥ
ֻҪܺúõġ

13

常ðæֻܹԹԵػȥ
ֽ̤ţͿȴ
żǸոǼ
常ͻȻ۶֮ǰί
Ҳע⵽ߣеĻҪ
Сǰ۾ֽǰƣ㻻ǹˡ
ɨ˼ֽƵط˷ȥۡ
гⰡ
⣿
ԴȣȷĻƺʲôȤĵط΢
ۺܺ滰ʲôݣ
ͷеֽ̧ͷȡ
۾һۿٴֽɫǹ˺һϲóһģͬġ
ǹԲཱུģһЩǱФģ
۸ովͷˣóһģǹزֽ
һֱע
ֽ̫ʲô
̧ҪһȻһ
ֻֻǣ̧־ιȴߡ
۲ָףָӲһȴϡ
ѹһȣȱǼŵǹζ
ߴ۸˵ؿȣιԣѽ
˵ⲻι
û죬Щް
עⲻǰͣѹµĻȸ
㳢ˡ
Сγ治κʡ
ֻҪιǶѡ
ȵ͵ЦһһǾС
ָⴥʪ妸Уû⣬ջ۰Ͱ͵ؿȡ
ó𣿡
ոտˣֻֽһǡˣûˡ
ԣһҪó԰
Ǽĵģģļкһ壬ǡô
üչ˵ͷͦóԵġ
һ⣬͸Ӹˡ
ҪҪѻѽ
̬ȼãõǿЩ˼
ɨеĻʵıڿģ
۾һϽ˵֡
óǱһĿʮп˼ۣûʲôŵݸۡ
ؽӹڻУ۾ְͰ͵ؿʣµļ
Цһҡҡʣµļ⼸ȿٸ㡣
ҪԼҲˡ
ҲһԿܾá
ǵÿ㿴껹Ŷۻǲĵضһ¡
Цŵͷ۱ƵشŻֽݡ
ָ⣬ſǻдζ
ƺܸоĴС
̾Цҡҡͷ
СǴ󵨣Ǹϵġ
δزǺ¡
ֻҪ˫۾һֱôγͻһֱǡ
۲֪ȻվԭؿһؼסţһطͰѻúõطŵͷ¡
ЦſеֽֽóһǹǹҪιߣȻԥ˻
ۿԼָȻԼϰ˰
ȥ۵Ķһ
ÿָ˺һԴ˺һְ˰Լ촽
Ȼ϶صͷ
ıȽ
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôոǸС
Щ֣˵
۲ǰԼ鷳ˣ벻ͨɴͲˡ
ãץʱͼҪ¡
עŵͼϣʱ͹÷ɿ졣
̧ͷ⣬̫ѾúܸߣƬ񴰶£¡
Ŵұ
ۣԷˡ
ۡһ߶ʰã첽ߡ
ұݶ˷ˣҪȥæȼ߹ǰ档
ȥɡ
ֻʣûˣȽʱұʢ
վһߣ׼æ
ұ̧ͷһۣȻ־ٵ£л¡
ذͱֱۣ֣Ҫ
ұһ룬֪ô¡
ӦõġϾҲҵȵǼ¡
ұ⻰Цҡͷ²ҡסյûۣҲ¡Ƿζ飬պʲôܰæ֮ұؾġ
ұ˼Ҫۻ顣
ȶ˲˵Ķһ٣̵ܶһ˲䡣
ءǷҡ
ȶżֲ
Ƿ
ұһ㶣Ѿ˳ȥ
ȵıӰü
ȱϾ̫ӣұûҰ
ұԼ˵ǷۺȳϹϵ
ȵıӰ̲ס̾˿
ʱףЩµֻһˡ
ֻǣѧء

ұ˼٣ЪһЪ˳ۡ
һͽȥѵʱ򣬳Ѿ緹
һͿҩ
ҩҺڣð
Ųͷȥ۵ӣüͷһ塣
ô£
۸ѣЩ˶µġ
ȵʻ̧ͷãȻؿ
ûӦȵ˼
ĿЩ۵µڣ̫ãʲôʱ˯ģ
˯һӷӦЩĿ⣬ССһͷȿ
չӣ۵µںصġ
ոЩԺһʱˣҲû뵽Ȼڳ
ȿһµӣһ
˵ɣʲôˣ
С۵ģ۵µھԵøԡ
Եۡ
۸Ͻҡͷ̧ͷֲҡ
͵ͷСǿ¡
ʲô
۲˵Ҳ׷ˣ»صҩ¯Աߡ
ӣƵŻ
ȽҪú˵һ˵ĳֻҹèڱ￴һһޡ
ûһޡʶط
꣬סԼ죬ﶼǰûڡ
ˣˡ
ŶǾͰޡȺܺĵظ˿ڡ
۱˱촽һһŲߣССקקӣ̧ͷͰ͵ؿ˵òã
Ҫ常֪ϲ˯϶Ļġ
ȲͷίͰ͵
Сװô᲻
Լг۲Ը֣קһƬ½ǡ
ôһ
½ǻȿ´λ𣿡
ҡͷȺܴȲ
û´ΣһûС
һĿؿۣסû´Ρ
һӦ۸Ͻͷ
ȥҲų緹ˡҴҵػԼӣžӾͿʼ÷ڸ۵׵ڡ
Сٻʱ۵Ѿȫˡ
˳ָʢ࣬ҪȻӵ
Сۣڼ𣿡
Ťͷ⣬ͼ֣廴վ⣬ҡҡ֡
Щؿ֣廴ôô
߹ȥŴ򿪣Ҫһʣ˫۾ͱ˹ס
֣廴еؿۣ˫۵ĸ첲òУСۣҲ֪־ٵ¡ûˣûб۸
ȸմӳͿ۸첲ϵ˫֡
ۣĿЩΣա
˫֣Ż۰

14

֣廴֪̫ˣٵ۲ϵ˿ڶϸ
۸첲ţеܡ
֣廴õеҪڣ˹
ȳȿ˼ߵߣƵش۸첲ϵֻ֡
һ˲䣬۾Ϳ֣廴ɫˡ
ƺʹ
ȿֻɵطȥ֣廴ȴʹþ׻ǹ˼ûпڡ
ֱ΢΢ɿеҲЩ
ĸվڼж飬顣ջĸ˵־ٲص²©졣
֣廴û뵽ܹίһеʧ˷ִ硣
֣ӣɲҪѧͽһס
ץ˹첲ǵͽʲô
֣廴ȶ졣
Сۣոǲˣ̫żˣһʱʧ˷ִ磬ʵڱǸ
֣廴ʵصǸЦҡҡͷÿһߣû£֣Ƚɡ
˶վڴŴܲڴſ˵
Ժһʯʯԡ׾ͶԱߣֶŴס
ײʱǰըëѾЩˡ
˰˳ë˳Ƚűߣҡβۣ俪ġ
ۺ֣廴վʯԶ˵˵ɵشʯߡ
СۣҲ֪־׵¡û۸ûʲôֵܹ££˵Ұʵڲǻܱ١֣廴һʳ
ǳЦҡҡͷ֣ģձұָˡûʲô۸常Ҳ֪ˣῴŰġ
ҽұ㡣
֣廴ҲʶͿˣЦҡҡͷˣѾˡû¾ͺãֻû֪£Ȼұز뿪
֣廴˵еҧгݡ
˵꣬ʯǱߴһЦ
ŤͷȥʯŴײߵëͷû̧
鷢ߣλƵҪץס
۶һͷʲôʱᶨס֣廴˵
СۣңЩ˵
֣廴ЩͣҲһ롣
ֻú󲱾ϵֻýЩЩض˶
ۻͷãȻؿ֣廴֣¾˵ء
Ϊ˱ʾţۻרעؿ
֣廴Ŀ⣬ֻҪ
Сۣܻܲط
۲һ
֣廴ͮͮʶҪ˵ʲôΪĻֵááȥݺɡ
סڴββɽ·Ǳһյء
˵ݺ
Ⱥ߳ȥ
ߵһ룬ֺȻܻȥȣҪҩŶˡ
֣廴һֱﶼû
ҩ֪ôˡ
Ǻҩ
̧ͷֲͷ˿֣廴˵ͷҾͲˡ
Ͻұ˺ȱһֱࡣ
ЦŵͷӦá֪
첽ߣ֣廴һʧ⡣
ȿſյſڣ΢Уء
һըëؿȡ
̧ߡ
ԭԥһҲ̵ظ˹ȥ
ո˳ë˳úġ
һ·ߵĿյء
û˵ļӣ֣廴Ľȴûл˿
֣磬ûˣ˵ɡۺѡ
֣廴ֻҪĿ
̧ͷֱ˫ɫ˫ͫγʡ
֣廴øˡ
͵ر۾˫߬һáСۣϲ㣡Ȣҵӡ
֣廴Щ۱һ
šϲӡۣ㶵վԭء
ۺ֣廴ǴСʶһֱ֣廴곤Ĵ硣
ڣ֣廴˵ϲҪӡ
۲ϲʲôоֱԾеΪѡ
ֻǰ֣廴ֳ뷨
֣磬ҡܾ
֣廴һ۾ΪѣǰЩصáСۣ֪ЩΪѡңĵġҪμӻԣһȡúóɼʱҶ̧ǰӭȢ㣬һί
ΪĻѾ˵ڣŵֻ˵ø˳ڡ
֣廴룬ֻҪŵù࣬⹻һἱžܾġ
Ͼ÷Щ꣬һ鶼ûС
֣廴ţеؿۡ
۶ҵĿ⣬ֻûܵý
Ծغһ˺֣廴ľ롣
һ֣廴ĹϨһ롣
֣廴ҪЦǺӲˣôҲЦ
Сۣ㡭
εصͷҿ֣廴ɫҶĿ⡣
Ŀ⣬ˡ
֣磬ԲңҲϲ㡣
ֻǰ֣廴磬δġ
ɵضʳԼǲϲȴδ֣廴ܡ
֣磬ֻǰ㵱ҵĸ磬û뷨ûУԺҲС
ǸСǲ˵ػ
֪Ļ֣廴ܣô
߹Ҫ˲ȷϣ
ϣϣǴŶʩᡣ
۲֣廴Ųܵϣ
֣廴Ц˵ûϵ
ǰ룬С۵ӣܾ϶Ҳ᲻һ˿ء
ֻ˵Լ⣬᳹׶Ͼݸ顣
񡭡
̧ͷ֣廴֣廴ɫѿƴЦ
۾úܣ֣磬Բ𡣡
֣廴˼ƴЦݣûϵСۡѡĴ𰸣㲻ҪκΡֻû뵽ôֱӵؾܾҡ
紵ңҶš
쵽ˣҶأԵЩ
֣廴žԼŵױߵĿҶЦˡ
Цݣֻ˸ѹ
СۣЩִȻ˵ûпܣһһȡһԣȡúóɼԺһ㡣𰸻һģҡҾپ
ҪԼһ˿΢ĩϣ¼ޡ
ۿ˵ʲô϶˶
ֻվԭأ֣廴뿪
۾úܡ
ף˵֣廴ˡ
۵صͷŽűĿҶôͱˡ
˻ͷ̧ͷȥͼұվԱߡ
ûϵ׵ġ
ұɽȴײôһĻ
£֣廴ϣٿ
常ǲˣ
ұҡҡͷûܸϣǾҪ׶Ͼĵ׵ĿܡۣǶԵġ
пᣬʱҲ
۸ŽұȥʱЩͷɥ
ȿſϣһ۾ͿԴۡ
ұļ򣬽˳
ߵǰͷôˣ
Һ˺ˡ۵ص
֪ʲô
۵Դɵôȫ˺ˡҲգҲգС
𣿡
š
㲻С˺𣿡ۺȻ̧ͷʵ
һ㶣Ц
ԭﰡ
һˣֻимҵķݡҲգص
ǲţЦקȵ䣬صá˵ĶԡҲȫ˺ˡһ˺常
С֣صŵȿûм⡣
еĶµĻҪ𣿡
۾һϽͷ
еĻߣ̲ס˰Ŀڵλá
Ǳ߿˿ұüͷš
ν֣·ʲôû
ȵұת̲סüͷ
ĿڵĴʹʱǿʱȺأ۾
ʱԽԽˡ

15

죬չ΢
ڰУ͵۾
ĿڴĴʹϼأȫ·ʧ
ȿһ΢Ĺ
ڹӰת˫һץȴʲôҲûС
ȳЦЦҲ֪ڳ˭
üͷְĿڴһץ
ǣ޲ð඼ڳ
Űһ˲侪ѣ͸߷϶ȵ״ӡ
¡Űغš
ûͷⲨʹȥ
⽥ȶͷһ㱡һ㿿ڴͷ
£ٵˡ񶾷ԽԽ죬ԽԽأٲؾܡ
ŰĻû˵ڡ
ؿзִ磬ȥɡ
£Űֻ˳ȥ
棬һӰ˹
ȥ֪ͨˡ
ǣ²˵׼֪ͨ𣿡ӰЩԥ
ʲôҵţȥɡ
²ϻؾֻˡ
Ը⼸ղ¡
Ӱʧڰƴ塣
һȵָʰߡ
Ժʹš
򶪵Զ׾ŽѾܹȥһһúܿġ
峿ʱ֣･Զе
Ҳ˷ܵӦ۾һţЦ⡣
Ųͷȥȡ
常ȥˣ緹ѾպˣϹŶҪ𣿡
Ѿһˡ
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ɫе԰ףվע⵽һӾͼˡ
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ڵɫ޶ա
׼ýڣҡҡͷû£ֻҹеϹ𣬺ȵůůθС
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Ⱦе䣬ԾǰץסǷů
ĿЩģǰƺתˣ˵ʲô^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^
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ۿѾˣȣд˿ǻôˣǲǺܣȥҴȵȣȥҴ򡣡
ȣطҴ
Ѫɫʧ԰ֽ޾ĺϯȫ
ס۵ĸ첲ЦЦû£ȥҪҴ򡣡
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ͷĴʹͺϯȫûüڱµ߬ĽѪۡ
۵ֺֻɣֻҪ΢
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ƣúܿ죬Ƚ˯ȥ
˯еüͷ壬ü
ͣıӵ֣סԼͣߵһ䡣
ѹ
ͷб߽䣬㵽˻ƻ衣
ұſյԺü
߽ݣͼȵſڣߵԱҡβ͡
ûأұߡ
ܿϵˡ
Ȼ˯ţϸ˺ü㱻ӡ۵ڱϣ˽յ˫ִӱ΢΢¶
ұüҪȻ۾
˿Լϣ۵С΢΢˶֡
۱ѣЩã̧ͷ˿
ĿⲶ׽ȣһѹֱӣô㻹𣿡
ҡҡͷɿס۵֣ûˣˡ
ѣ۲Żͷһۡ
ұվſڣͷʵáôˣ
ҪͣȰ˰֣ͽ˵ȳȥɣϸèƵġ
ۿ˺ܾã۾ŵġ
ȵĻԹӦһȳȥˡ
ֻʣˡ
ƿ
Ѿʪ͸Ǻȵġ
ζֻܸоˡ
ұЩǱȣϴĿڵӣüͷ
£㡭
ұ֪òʡ
Цһ̧ͷұûʲô̥Ķˡ
˵赭дұüͷø
Ҳû˵£Ҳ񡭡
ж𣿡ȴϽұĻȷʵ񣬲ȻҲû˲¶˺ܻʱ䡣ǵһսҲҷô졣

˭¶ˣ
ұ벻ͨ˭һʼ񶾵˼
ҪȣҲûʱ¶
ؾ𣿡Ȳʡ
ұһ㶣ȻӦ
ؾ̫ûж˭¶Ҫĵ¡
ߵߣƿ񴰡
ˬ·ܰһߡ
ߵƲʵصá¶ģ㲻Ҫٹܾ¡ҵ£ͬ
ұ̾˿лӦǡ
Ƚյ״ЩŵˣԷʱһֱעȵ״
Ŀʱʱؾתϡ
ȵҪϢʱվſڣԥҪҪš
ţԥԥС
ôˣô˯ҪµĻ
۸Ͻҡͷǡңе㵣㡣
ҹܣеĲ¡
ͷȣʵáĲˣ
Ϊƭ
ƭǳ𣿡ɢؿſϣƵʵ
ʻͷ֪ЩʲôȻܻԼ䣬Ȼ˻˼ǹ
ǹȫʣµǡ㲻ƭҲǳԣԲҪƭҡ
һ㶣˿еǹЦ
Цһ̧صáţƭ㡣
۵˳ŵҲȡ
طȾͿſڿطְһǹ
𣬷·Щʹˡ
תϷţ̧ۿȥֻӱһˡ
һ°ѣҹмۡ
ѹǵ̫ӵ²ϻؾԭ簡

16

ɢؿڴߣƿһ롣ˬҹޱߵ鷢紵ûλơ
ԪǸǶȿʱرһĹӡ
ٲͷ¹⣬ǹվˡ
û˳ӦԪ뷨ֻǿڴߣ紵½Ƿɡ
ʲôʱ򵽵ģ
㻹˼ʣԪ༸ǰһѽϡ
֪ڵ״Ҫ㣬ھüӹסԼꡣ
Ԫһ°ѣüĿ㣬ʮôһڣǷžƻøɸɾ
ҲƵصá㲻ڣˡ
Ԫúܣν̬Ⱥ޲˦뿪
׻ѹסƢٳˡַˣٴȥѱ˲鵽Ҳٵˡ
ȣؾ̡
Ԫؽһ仰˵ﲻٿЦɫ
ȵʹüֽۣƿ
ҹƺܴͷķ֮⡣
ƵӦáٵȵȰɡ
ȣʲôȣԪһ춾ΣҪһܲѹ⡣֪СڲʱѵһСΪϼʱ
ȳٳٲؾԪԼԤеԣҹ̸ϵ
յʱۿ޵ҵʱ
֪ۿ޹ˣϵôԣ۾ס
Ϲӡ
̧ۿԪ࣬áмˡҾߡ
Ԫ໹˵ʲô֪뵽ʲôʲôҲû˵
󿪣ȵĻﱻһƿҩ
һΣǶöŰѰҡ
ȿǰɫƿϵһſյáл
ԪŵĵлһӰʧҹɫС

Ʈʮ
һ紵绨һ¡ƮĻڵϣֱĺһ㡣
۱£ɣһֻֻȦԵľƿƿմƿ΢ɣо΢΢й
ɢɢĹϣͷҶŹ𻨵ζ
ۣƺǳߡ
ȲҶߵ£ۡ
紵½Ƿɣ˵½ַֿ
۴΢΢ţɣ۽üҴĨЦ⣬ƺ뵽ʲôĵ¡
Ȳӣ¡
ùȦŵƿƣƿ˲
ۻ۾һԵȡ
дŹϸһ㣬𣿡
šȽƿȥŵм䣬𻨾ƣʲôʱģ
ǰ۵üƿƣһָžƿƿմ˲⣬ֻǰϧؿƿơ
ǰҪʱһһùժ𻨡ǰ˾ƣͽڳһȥȵϣԲʱѾ±ʯ񣬻й𻨸⡣
϶µĹ飬һǻҹ˵һ顣һܿ϶裬շǼٵģһҲ뵱档
˵ǰ¡
ȲĿֻܿ΢ķ۴鷢ƣѩ͸Ĳ
С˵ǰ¡
һ£ἰ׶Ǻܿʹʧһš
·ȥϡ
û˵Ǹ͡
˵ҹĴͳ̧ͷȣĿֻͫõԷӰ
ۺȻڣǲǶҺɵƭ
һ۶˵ʲôȴȿ˿ڡ
ҴӲ常˵׵£Ϊ֪常Ҹ˼ף׵ϵһѵ̳𻨾ƣҲŸڳҲ֪常֮йЩǲ֪Ҳʡ
ͣһ£ϵվͷȣһ֪Ҫˡ
һ𻨣صĿҶ۵ȵĶС
̧ͷۣǳǳЦţ·ֻ˵һ顣
ǣȴôѹ
վǰ
֣ƷͷϣȻ󣬻ҵһͨ
һ㿪֣Щŵؿ
ҵͷˡ
˵ôֻ࣬ͷ
̲סЦջԼ֣˭˵ɵˣ㿴㲻Ǳ˭𣿡
۷»Դϵ֣ԵЩɥҲֹ뿪
ʱֻԼһ˰ȥ
һʼ֪Ҫߵġ
ֹ𣿡ȷʡ
۵ͷȺСҡҡͷ
ֹ
ɻǻѹ
ѹз֮գҲط֮ʱڻվǰ֮ҹҲ㡣һһ±ҪҲԸ˵϶µĹ¡ԣѹ
룬ǰҲû뵽ټһ治𣿡
΢ĩϣץסˣҲпܱΪʵ
̧ͷȣüţɫ͡
̳𻨾ƣֿ˿Ĺ𻨣ͷЦſۣҪժЩ𻨻ȥ𻨸𣿡
ؿתЦӣԼЩ졣
ЦЦЩѹá
֮ҹ߿ա
ССԺһʳ㣬±ʯѷС𻨸ƮζſеĹ㣬ƮСԺ
ԺѾӵػ׷ľԺӵܡ
ϣͷŹڸ߿е
ܺãܿӣִԲ»뷲䣬ҹ
ұһͬʱͿ۰Դӡ
ǰ棬Ͽ϶
ĽŲͷЦſˣԲǿѽ
ұЦӦһá̧Բȥ
Բԣұ˵ŰȤ¡ЦúܿģʱѸ㶼Ƶȸǰԡ
Բ֮ҹﶼ֡
Уƺʲô¡
ۻûüȥʣڵ١ܵſڣԺ˺ϣôԺ涼ձˣҪ̻ˡϿ
ձ
ɻؿұұЦļСӻı߰ɣһȥ
ƴûձϰס
ҲܸȤһ١ձķȥ
ѾյúͨĻӱð紵ûըһ˲ͬʢŵ̻
԰ż̻Ҫǰ㡣
ۿרעûע⵽Χֶ˵
վ̻Ѿȼ
̻ըһ˲䣬ȺȻס۵Ķ䡣
ԴƸĶϣڵըһ̻Ѥ֮
̧ͷ̻ɫͫﵹӳѤõľɫ
ΧǵĻҶƻ˵żĻ
ۺȻ˫֣ȵϡ
̧ͷ̻ڣȥһط𣿡

17

ΧУѾյʱ򣬻Χ衣
ұܿȥȺѿۺȵӰ
뵽˵Ļջתȥձ
֮£ء
ȵĿĵء
ɽϵһݵأݵػδơ
ܵݵ룬̧ͷڸ߿е
ԺﲻͬҰ·ҲЩ
Щӷ·ҲǴֿɵá
ۻͷЦſȣ㿴ǲǸʺ£
¹ԣۣһ⣬·͵·СŮ
̧ͷ˿˵ͷ
˫һϯض̧ͷӡ
ʲôʱطģ
ܾˣǰһ˱常͵͵ǵһҹˡЦ˵
ߣſƣȻ£ġ
սУ
۰ŵ쵽ȵǰȿССȭͷȻְȥ۵Сȭͷס
͸Ұɡ
£ɿƣϼʱ£סģ·ץסһӡ
ۿĵЦţҪúñŶ´μҪҡ
ֵĶһ˵ͷӦá
һֱ̧ͷЩۣһڲݵϣҲ˳˼ߡ
ſִԲ
۵Ŀ⽥ƣӸ߿յߵӣȵ۽ϡ
¹⣬ܿǳĽë
ëӵ
۷ֶ˶
ȲͷĽëͶһƬССӰ
úܽԸܵԷĺ
ȣ˴ڶԷϡ
Բ˲ӣʵҿĽë𣿡
һ֮ǰǴδɹġᱡӦá
۾һӣʳָǰ
ָⴥĽëգգ۾۸ܵëָ⻮ϸ⡣
ָɨȵĽë۴΢ţ۽üҴʵЦ⡣
ͷޱߵ鷢ɨȵĶߡ
ɨ뿪ץס⡣
ûɵϦҹɨͷ
Ӳ⡣
ÿģȺȻסϸϸ󣬡°ɡ
Щź֣ԹӦһá
ţҹЩԾؿȡ
ҹ죬ƵķǴһ㡣
۲֪ر۾Ϊȵĸ첲Ųš
ȿԼСԼĶ
ᱧۣȻûѡ
СССһţҪȡůСèһֹ
ȱһ·صСԺұվǰÿû˵ʲô
ȱۻݣŵϣЬֽ࣬ӸǺá
ͷ¶һǡ
Ƚƣס
ͷƺ˯Сؿڣ
Ժ˯ǵùţҪҹҪһ㣬Ҫİ˻ؼҡʲôίҪʱ˵š
ڴϵСﴽúܽ˸ȣֽקűӣ۾Ǳš
εЦЦˡ
ŲһԶ룬ſͣ¡
ͷؿԭŵСﲻ֪ʲôʱؿ
ǳЦټġ
شϷţۿҲ̲סһſŵίسűӣȴûжһ¡
Ժ⻹ЩŲ
ĵֹڴˡ
Ժ⣬ұһ´ȡ
ü۷ŻȻ
ȣǾ̫ӣս
£ȥౣء
粨𣬴һȥ־Ϳʼˡ
ЦЦŽұ񣬡лЩӵϡԵԻټ
ұûкˣһ
ҹ¹°Ӱ֡
һ紵ЯſеĹ
յԺֻʣ½ұһˡ
ұͷ۵ӡ
ϸĿ
ѹŲҷŴ
ŽűߵĿҶ
ûϵģĻʱ䵭һջصԭλ

һһ½ҲӺ䡣
һĹӼҴȥ
ھǰױոС̫á
žӣԿ۵Ũصڡ
ԭڻüԼģüһ壬˦üʡ
صذѾӺϣתȥˣɶ÷ˣ
ʻ˶ӣСشﻹǲ÷
һ⻰ֱߵƷһӶ£ŭؿŹڵµˣǶǷ𣿹ҪǶôΨʡ
Щ˱źϵģҪҲֲͷϡ
֪˵ûѵ
һ㿴ū͹һء
ЩӣĳܳȰԼŮֻ˳
ˣүˡ
ֻ䣬ǸĹӾͼ˽мº˵
ϼԼӹҲͻ˻Ƕȥ
֮ûϳԷôǺãҪи̣λȥ
Խ˵Խܣ̲ס
֮Ͻȥο𼱣õתˡ
һϽ˲ᣬеؿԼӣ˵ʲôѵԲˣ
֮ҡҡͷϲ⣬ֻ˵ɻǵ棿
桱һϵɫʱѿ
ҼǵĪҲҪң
˶˵˶ôɡֻԼ֪ٴǸǰġ
棬ŹŮ
Ǹû֮Ů뿪Źʧɻ˻
档
֮ԼĸϽתϡ
꣬ź뿪ǻеġײ֪Ů곤Լת޵ͷϡ
һ㶣û
ĲŮֻǸӸûأôȥѰҲǸ⡣
ΪԼŮﻹϣǸ˵ġ
һ뵽滹µĺӣӦûš
ôûüͷҲ˵˵
˵ڷС
ҶЯǰȥһռعլǰ
լӵš̫Ӹ֡׵ſڣɭ˲ҽӽ
и·İ·̲סŤͷһۣĬĬҡҡͷ
񾩶˭˲֪̫ӵʧһ£ѰʱȾزҩʯҽ˵°괺ա
ô緢սȴһĲӣ˭뵽Ҫ̾
ֻǿϧĵŮԭ޸̫һ׮ԼҪ޹ȥػѣϡ
ǲ°̾˿Ӱںнʧ                    
лҪ˵Ҫ߻ؾľ̫ҪһʱŶ
ȵֿһʱǾ˳ǵСޣ

18

Ӻ䡣
ƿһֻܿ޾
̨°ڷŵѾǸĮͼõذڷһߡ
ߵߣͷó
мĹţƺŶ
һ¶˼ʲһѩϾİ
ࡣ۷Ħţ뵽常ǰ˵Ļ
常ΰ갸ǾҪˡ
常ܾϣ޷Ȱ˵
콥һɢȥ
۶忴ãŽպãͼȥ
ϸʱѾ峿ĺӰ
ߵֽӭ˽ȥӺԼС˵ʱЦúܡҲ˵ȥȡͺãֺο͹
ǵͷϣӹеͼϸϸӡ
ͼǸĮͼһģһȴʵࡣ
ЦҾ֪ûģȵү磬ˡ
ǳǳЦЦ˹ˡǷ˶⸱ͼûв֮ұȻȥˡ
ԣüһ
۵֣Ц飬ŸôҲЪߣȻб˾ϼûд֮
˵žͽ˰ʳЦžȥ
۲þܾǶϸϸƷš
һ߿顣
ʶ󷽣òڣȴԴΪѵõԴ
⣬³ӣһӱʵүû𣿡
ҡҡͷҲ
˼ԶϢûˡ
Զ£ȥһ£Ҳ˼Լӡ
ⲻҪġ
ϻͷһڣֵĴߴ³һµĸ㡣
Ҳǰ취
ȥǰ涢㣬үһ͸Ͻ֪ͨ
ϵҲûȵԼӻۿžҪŵʱҲûȰ£ֻſڣ뿪
ۼûӰˣϲҡҡͷòһżĻᣬãô١
˼Զ۴ᣬ˭뵽ƻϲϱ仯
ԱҲЦ˱ģԺӳүԼа취ġ
뵽֮ǰСƢʱ£ЦŵͷҲǡ
ԶȻ֪ϵ˵Ļ
ܸо⼸μ棬ù֡
ҪˣЩҲ̫̽
һ·صûߵſڣһ˼Ҵܵߣ϶Ǽɫ
СۣɻˡҲ֪ôһȺˣ˵Ҫ㡣Ų³£Ͻ㡣
˵⴨ķˡ
ұʱص˹סһֶ⴨עš
ٳϴ־£۹Ԯ
˵Լʲô𣿡
ˣ˵ԼǾˡôҵأ
˻ȴ۾һͷ˶ûüס
ӴͷβһֱԼ˵ϣ
ɵͣһȺʱеϣʱ

СԺſվһȺˣŮС˶úܣð
ۿȺˣ΢΢ü֪ΪʲôЩ
߽Щ۲ſһˡ
Ϲӣ
СһȺ˶ͷ
֮һͷͿһŷµСվڲԶüĿ续Ů·
֮һͣǸʱʵ
Ҷˡ
˼ԶЩߵǰòɺã
˼Զ۶ۣһʱˡ
ǳЦŻصлϹӹġֻǲ֪Щǡ
˼ԶӦͷˡ
֮һǰߵǰЦǾҵĴү֮ˣΪѰס
ֶ֮üɫжưŻ󣬷ƷԷ֮
룬ֻҪһڣǰСضҪϲǳ
ǣûС
üؿǰӣһҲʶ㡣
Сûоϲ˺һܿŨŨľ衣
ûҪѯʡѰסΪ⡣
ܹ֮ںе˽һʱԲǰ˻ӭв죬ɫҲá
ҴδȻϵҡĸûи߹㸸Ǿ㳤֡
֮Ļһ䣬ΧΪֶΧ۵Ĵ񶼾ԭء
֣
˵ǲɴĴڡ
˵ǾĹ
֮ã˵Ѿˣ۸¶ϲͼˡ
˭ʵأǰСҲ⡣
ΧüĿ̧ͷޱؿ֮Ҳʶ㡣Ҳ֪ʲôҸսңҲ޳֡Ѱˡ
˵꣬תԺſȥ߹֮ʱһ˿Ŀⶼûָ
֮ԭأӦ˵ʲôͷһŭ
תͰס˼ϵľţ㲻ϣЩҲʵѵڣɲȾص㿴ģõģϳ˵Ķ
֮Ҫ澩ķ۵شĻĪǶ⡣˵ҸսңҲ޳֡
͡
֮ŵؿۣ˽š
紵ֱ䣬֮ܲסſľţЦݵ㲻Ҳ޴󰭡ĸû˵ʵ㲻֪ʵ飬ΪԲüƽϡֻǣҪ̸һ̸
̫ˣ֮ܶ
ۿۣ֮վʮˡǲԸݣ±ˡ
Щˣ档
ɿľţٿһ֮תݡ
̿һݣžĺЩ
֮Ѿ˽ߣЩ˻涳ɪɪ
ۻͷ㿴˼ԶҲ˽
˼ԶӸոտʼͲԣЩǸεؿۣһʱ֪˵ʲô
֮ġ
л˵ɡ
û֮仰Ƕ˵ġ
֮ŭ۵ȴֲ˵ʲô
ߵ̿ߣȡůߵĸ׵Ҹ׺룬ź뿪Ҹײ֪ĸУЩһֱѰĸӡֻû뵽ĸ׻ᣬƫƧ֮ءҲͨϹӣ֮²ŲܾǵǸӡ
òҸţҵá
֮ůЩҲЩɫŬһֳģ
Ŀ̿ϡ
̿յúûɵʱС͵Ļ
һֱ֪ĸû
ǣأ
ףѡ
׵Ȼѡ뿪˵Ƿ֮ء
̧ͷ֮֮ϵЦݺܴ
ãĶˡ
Ȼһ˲ǰСؿڣҲǻؾ

19

̿յͨ죬ž졣
֮ЦݾʧԼ滵ˡ
˵ʲô
۽˫ַ֮̿ϣȡůظ˵ҲǻؾҲ֪˵Ǽ١ϺݲºЩˣ뿪ɡ
λε
˼ԶҲؿۡ
һֱΪǸСϣرǿӲһ档
̿ǰȡůСͷɫĮǿӲء
һ㶼˼Զ֮ǰʶۡ
֪˵ʲôǾŮԸøǻȥҲһֱ˼㣬ĮôԵЩΪѰŬ
֮֮ǰһ׻ԣʮãֻҪܻȥ
ֻҪ˵Լ˭۾͸üҴҵغǻȥˡ
ͷ̧СȴĻ
Ѱң֪ĸ׾˵֮ˣ
ҸϹӿ϶ظңǻ˾ĸסòĸֻ̫Ҫĸ׵ˣ֪Ů
˼ԶһԼϸΡ
ˣ۲ס
Ǹš˼Զͷ
֮δѰ
û˼ԶĻ
վתͷ˵Ϲӣ鷳ȳȥһ𣿡
Щģ۶οЦЦε۵֣¾ͺҡ
һס⼸գҲǴӡ
ٺã۲Ըȥʲôõģ
ֻʣۺ֮
̧ͷ֮˫ûʲô¶ȣȻһֱѰĸӣǵΪλĸ׺룿
⡭ǳǵ£Ϊɴ֮̽Щҿۡ
Լʲô
۸ûش
ʵҼؾأǻô
۵Ļֱ̫ˡ
·֪֮ػв
ˣ֮ҲԸȦӣҴ˴ǴȥԸԸ⡣룬Ҳû˻Ѱס
вҪȨѹˡ
ⷬûоȣֻǴ˫ͻȻ߬
ãطſ
һǻؾ
ãҶѱ룬ЩҲ;źģھͿ̡ģһ·ȥزܿ࣬Ȼصĸ׻Ϊ㰲õġ
˵ˡ۴֮ĻߵſڽŴ򿪡
һӴ֮һɪ
̣鷳ȴЩ뿪
ۿţĮؿ֮
֮ҧҧѹƢһ˦뿪
һߣ˺˼Զ̽
˵ǵؿۣ뿪ڣ侲صҺպǻؾ鷳סա
һ㶣˵ʲôһ뵽ոЩ˵̣Ҫ˵Ļ
ȨǰЩͨʲôӶûС
̾һȥ
˼Զվԭأ۵ıӰ뿪ڣȴ֪ô˵
˵һˣ˵֪вԾĵطȴǿӡ
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˼Զֻܰûڵ뿪
ߵſڣľŹ
类档
һߵ̿ԱߣڵϣסԼ첲°ʹڱ۰ϡ
ۿǰյ̿𣬴ͳǿ
ϾĦſ
ǰԼͷ¡
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ŤͷԼԵĴףԴģµġ
仰Ҳ֪Ƕ˭˵ġ
˵꣬Щݣߵ鰸ߣ̿һŸɾֽʿʼдš
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ЦЦл
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ףҪŶܸң常ܻؼˡ
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Դ˵һЩοĻֱ֮ߴ١
һ۴ףһЦݣҪԹԵŶ
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£һо
˼ԶվڴڴǼԶȥ˫ֽճȭ
ݵü죬ֻܿͳֵ
ûסƿ⿴һصˡŬ۾ĬĬؿԶȥľ
ڰù֡
һߣ̲סۺüۡǷϵչ۵ġ
ھ˵ģҲò̾һ䡪۵òǳڡ
ٳҪ޹ȥѸ
һ룬Ҳƽࡣ
һЦݿۣŬ͵οĪģȵ˾˶ὫõĶйЩĿܡ
ϵҪ˵ϵĺû
ۣܿͷһۻǶܿ𣿡
һ㶣˵ͷǺүŮȴСֵطɲܿģүͷ˶úֲģ˾ͻ֣ᷢණƧĵطܱȵϵġ
˵ȴȻԼϵĿЩ
̧ͷȥۣͼؿ˵һ䲻ã³ɡ
һ߬뵽ϵĻֵͷӦǡ
»ָ̧ͷСĵؿһۣڱ̵Ц
һƧҰѾͷҲҶʹƢȵ˾еĿܡ
ǴǸŰӣһͲܡ

20

ʮգգ³һƮƮİѩӿ£Ⱦͷֵĵһѩʼ¡
ӾʻУһʱĹѩԽԽﶼһİѩ
ŲԶһվǰ棬ųſڵķ
һȺǰ
磬һ·ɺãֲУųʵ
ͻȻѩȻ䡣
Ϊֺô󷿣Ź˵Ҫȥ֮һˡ
˭ײϸôˣҪˡ
룬ǹЦһԹӡ
֮ƿ⿴̲ס˸£üͷ
ôˣ
֮ưؿ۵׶ǲм
ΪܵܿŴʵʲռǴ󷿵ıˡ
үģѩ£̫ˡүǴ׼òȫҴﱸ̿˺̺ӣˮ㶼šøܲţ𣿡Ц˵һֻ֮Ĳм
֮һȴֲõ淢
˵ĺ޷ڰʾ׼Ĳȫ
ĵ䲻ⳡϷҪġ
ȥ˵һ̫ţǻ
ߵ棬վų¶Գ˵̫ˣǻů͵Ƕű㲻ˡ
򿪳
⿴ȥһ۱㿴һ`Цŵ֡
Ŵİѩ۵Щ
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ڳϴѼɫĺʵӣӵڱ׹ë޵ӡ
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ּƿӣϽ£纮ܶġ
⻰ȴûʲôƮƮİѩֳȥһƬѩ
ѩڻģ˿˿⡣
Щؿ֣Ǿ𣿲³ѩѣôᶳţ
Сûô䣬ټֻǳѩδѩ֮ʱô䡣
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ΪСȲõ˭ᷴʡ
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عʱ
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ִס˿յĳֻͷ˿վ·ߵһʱò⡣
֮ȫ˺ĶԻɫڳһѷ³ҧˣ߰ɡ
۲飬ܲñ³
ʱûûȥȴǧ
ѵÿ֮ԱӣȻԼԭأﵹҲʹ졣
ǧټһƷɱʱʯͷԼĽš
Ȳǰ۷еĻרעؿš
ûʲôǰûļ˳
ۺüۣתתЦſڣ㿴˶㡣⻹ûأ㶳šǴҲôĹء
Ǳ۾˵û뵽ʲô˵ʲô
һ·˵˲پķϵĺã۶ûʲô
仰̧ͷ˿Ȼ嶼ô𣿡
һĿ⣬һʱ֪ǹԼ淢ʡ
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ŶӦһֵͷȥ
βӣֻýպûһʱҲÿˡ
ڻָ۵ͷŻϵݣԭô˵ݣȴһ㶼ȥ
Ƿһҳװڿӡ
֪ΪѰֱԼ¶ӣٻţҲҪװηӡ
ʱȵͣ¡
˵Ͷ߻ѻϣŽԼİ
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վôһֻԼҪˣȴƫƫܲЦ
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ףĸףӲӻˡ
֮һը˶ߣ˷׷׻
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վǰ棬ؿ۵ģ
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ü۶˶΢ǰ˼ǰ
겻Ҷɺã
Ϊ켣ٳ꣬ǻװһƸ׵ģǲڻ¡
ﺬᣬ۹á
пֵİΧһߣ⸱ģҲˡ
겻ŮһѰأɲøˡ
Щ
ۿǰˣ򴽣̵صҺܺá
۸ɴµıһЩûװȥ
ϼ³ԱǰҪס۵ĸ첲ãǾͺá춼ȥɣܶˡ
һȺȥϵĻȲתߣκλҪȵǡ
µϷû꣬ϵĲ廰Щû˵ʲô
һߣ۱ӵм䣬΢΢㿪ϵ֡
ĸ첲֮Ŀⲻ̫á
ѩŰžҪٰˣ˷·𶼸ٰܵůڵĵˡ
ģǰ漸˽Ųһ٣ɲЩײǰˡ
ҪڱԹǰ洫һףĸףҪ𣿡
۾һ֪˭ˡ
ɣԭ̫
Ϸʼˡ

21

ѩ󣬲վһȺˡ
֮ǰһźɫȹŵɫŮվɫ԰ףϼѪɫȫԵѾ߷š
ХվУףĸףҪ𣿡
ɵĻһ䣬ԭŵľһ룬ϧǰһѷסԼŮôˣѩǶſôã㱾Ͳãи̡
ƺ˵ȥˣԹԵĨᣬҲȥԵ÷ġ
±Щŭǵ·¿ĸеӣ׻ԼŮ
˵ʲô˭˵˻ҷҪࡣ
˵ǰ޵úܲҵˣԲͷһۡ
ˣôײ
е뷨ûأѾߵǰ˫סů֣۵ص㣬Щռ㱾õõĶˣ㽫һл㡣ҵԺӣҵūͣҵĽҶͨͨ㣬ֻ㲻ҪǺ޸ĸЩĺӣʵ㡣ҵһУһҪӦãúôĸף𣿡
϶ſı飬һվ棬أĨᡣ
±鲻̫ãԭܸŮܻ㽫ɶӣⲻԸ⿴ġ
Ҫ˵ЩοĻԵСȴȿ˿ڡ
ز𣿡
һʳȶ
һ۵ͯ˽ĸף㲻Ϊʳ𣿡
˵ķСүСʲôʣʾˡ
ķ˸Ͻס죬ͷǰ˵ɫ
뿴ϷɲΪϷˡ
ԭҪȥ˻
ȻڵǰԾʳΪвĺŮġ
ԹɫɫԣҪǰ
ûۡ
ԭΪʳôԲԷأԷģ׾ͲҲü˵ġ㵽һ㶫Ҳûҷɡ
˵žǰסɵĸ첲šüҪԵСУո˵ŶĸѾȥˣĶҲҪԼѣԼΡԼžͺãԷָͲôˡ
۴СǸԹԳԷĺúӡ
ΪʲôԼ忪Цˡܱ̬ȲԣǿǰĹӡ
۵Ļɸոյ׼õ˵һһ˻ȥ
˵Լĸȥϣɫѿ
ɲʣ뷴˵ʲôأҵĸ׾ĸףĸײǺúվ𣿡
üͷ˿ϣҡҡͷĸס
ϸɴ࣬һӡ
ѩХѩɽ˴˶¡
סԼֻҪָϡ
ɵһɫѵϸǰ
үѩϷϽŴҽٰãҲȡȡů
һڣҲ˿ʼӦ͡
˵ͷʲô֮˵ĪϷ˾õȡ
һڣϱǰסԼŮǣϽȥɣ߯Щ
һһֱͣ˴ӵǰߡֻΣԱߡ
һ˺ܿͽٰãŽůЩ
ٰûصۺüۣ뿴ʧ̬ӡ
ϾЩ֮һµҰѾͷôܼ
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ĿʼĿǰơ
ĸ˵Ļ˼ﲻܶҪعء
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һֱߣƿһӣ㵽Ϸ˴͵ĵط
ϣһͷĨϸϡ
˵ĽŲѣ˫Ŀ¿ȥ
һۣϷ˾ͽĿмϡ
΢΢㱣ڵӵЩ
ˣɡ
Ϸһ˵꣬Ҳλһһ¡վŵֻһˡ
ĿбӣҲԼһʲôִٸС
²ŷӦԼŮҪ㿴Ϸ˶֡
ӣ
ϷĿ飬ܸ֪⣬һǰ
ߵϷߣϷ˱ס֣Цŵú񡣡
Ϸ˵ٻ۵ĿҲ͸Ż̧ͷ֪ĸ׵£
Ϸ˵˵ͷԼߣô֪ﰡҿųġʱһܡ˶˵ңҵã⿪ġ
۴δǰ¡ĸ׻۾
ĸһֱӡ
ûм꾩Ǹ档
Ǻأ̲סʵ
Ϸһ٣۵֣Ժ˵յһ·ۣȳЩӡѾ׼ţžȥúϢʲô£˵
伱Ϸ˵Ҳѯ
ֶ㣬Ϸָеļ۳
ڣ⸱ֻıš
׻ûסʵ֪Ҫסǽ㲻ҿ԰ԼԺóסﶼǿԵģ򲻿ίԼ
⻰˵󷽣ȴһ
̧ͷǸЦöׯĹȻЦе١
ܸоһЩ޵ԡ
˵ˣҲҪԺӣĶȡ֮ĸ׽ҵġ
ÿ˵һĸףϲһšƫƫֲܷ
ɶǵסĲãϾոչңܲίġ
ʲôίίģôͷҪʹطԷǿѾʰˡܼô꣬ôǰ׼
Ϸ˽ǹ׼ϣ϶ʱҿˡ
ֿۣĿĸ׽̵úܺã֮ﲻȡɲÿ˶á
Էĸ֮ǰԺӣĸߺһֱšҲ֪ϲʲôӣ˰֮ǰʰһвϲĵط˵ҽȥ
ϷŰ彫鶨¡
ֻҪҧ顣ԷǸõԺӣ֮ǰϷ˺üζУ񵹺ãֱӸҰѾͷˡ
Ϸ˾⣬Ҳܸ֪Ƿ⣬ǳЦллϷˡ
ôϷأøһĸѽˣʣ֪ǺΣץס
еĵ̫ԣЩؿᣬۡ
ᣬôأǺĹԸѽ
ۼʶü
ʲô˼Ҫ
ɶոջ£ġϹƵص
ĸһһͣϷ˵ɫЩ̫ÿ
뿪ڣԵʮּᶨصҲգֻᡣ                    
лҪ˵ͷ

22

ѩŰХķڣ˶
ɵͷ¶ɫ
⺢ӣ˵ʲôأĪǸϰߡûµģ³ٵҲԡźС
Щֵؿһۣü
˶˵Ļ
Ҳգֻᡣظһ飬ƶɫҲ
˭پ˵
̣ûס
ءһӱĵü죬ķСӶŵķ˻
վصáˣԸøաĸĴڣĸҵաȻȻøĻա£û
üž˭ó¶ŭ
ϷüԼĶӣҪڣԵСҲվ
ۼȥֱͦվǰûΪŭ°֡
ûСĸһĸ֮ײҲܱĸ׵֮͸Ӳܸĵ͸ҵһ֮գ֮ĸ׸õֻᡣ
̧ͷ£һһ˵
۾þˣ¶۾ĪЩ顣
һ仰Ǵŭ
վȻѡ˻͸뵽¡
ûҪۼطµĻһȻתɨڵһȺˡ
Ŀÿ֮ҵЩ˾̲סͷ㿪Ŀ⡣
Ŀⶨϡ
֪㲻ϲҡǣҿ˿ϲáǲӭһͬҲġ
ٴת£Ŀη޾壬үҵףҲûʸҸաң˵ֻһİĵطվҲû˿ҵĸоǶûչ֮飬ⶼûСˡ
ĸðΣңҶ飬ҵǰһĶ۸أĸ׺롣֮ڣŮƫƫûκιϵû֮û֮һҲΪĶȨƱһؾվΪΪĶӱһ
ҿظҲǷҡͬҲûжûʸҸա
һ仰˵ն
ֱ£侲쳣
˵Щ벻ڵҵһվͽ˵ֱס
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գ̡
ֱۣҪúүЩȴ˿á
СֱͦվǰĿֱֱؿ
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˵İĵطҲİˡ
һİŭġ
Ůվţš
ϷһСˡ
ҿǺүˣĸضûˣϷ˵̲꣬סԼ
תȥ׼ǰͣ²ӡ
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վûǰϷˣע
Ϸ˿ţָ˳ֶ˲ɤӡ
ۼϷֹͣ˿ԣͷáӲҡĸĪҪΪӶ
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Ϸѵ£Ҳ׷׵ͷ̧ͷ
Ψ̧ͷϷˣĿл͸ŹС
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Դˣм
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ûдҪ˵ҲЩĻ˴һգίǶԲס㡣
Ϸ۵֣ƵЦšáոǷ˵úܺãû֮ȷûʸաϾҵѪЩҲǷѵǷѩ뿪ԷסţǺúֲ㣬òã
Ϸ˷ŵ̬ۿϺƵЦ⣬ѹ˵Ļ˵ͷллϷˡ
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յ¾Ϸ˷ƪ
䲻ҲҺԼĸ
ϣķƮ㣬۹ɵϷߡ
һһڵسŷȫûΪոյ¶ʳʡ
ϵˣٶЩԲ¡
ų꣬ϷصȥԷ˼Ѿһȥ̡
ٰ¥գϷϣŷ飬šüıĿ
ȥַԥҪҪʱϷ˵áˣͽɡ
½ţͷصáĸס
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գϷۣЦһ㲻ҪŻ£ƫƫҪȥסŻ±ͺûаֹϵӲˣ̫ӡ
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ɶ
ɶŮǺӾͲŮ𣿡
Ϸţµͷ
Ϸ˿ԼӣҡҡͷЩƣر۾֪Ȱ㡣ҲѻҪǺޣԡһ㣬ǽ̫ġ뻤סǸӡһ۸㲻ټˡ
ĸףο࡭Щҵ̧ͷϷˡ
Ϸ˵ذ´ĵǾԼĸ׵ġ
Ȼոǰ㱻ѵ⣬ҲûС
ֻ˵ӦӦϷ˿£û˿˲
֪˲ֻܵͷӦǣǣӱػỤס
ãסĻ첻ˣȥϢɡ
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һߣϷ˱̲ס˼ָϽı˳Ϸˣɲٶˡ˵ˣҪ
Ϸҡҡͷ̾һΪξ͸ҪյĻˮУƫ˵һûȵˡ
ôأϷ롣ְοš
Ϸ˲˵ƣر۾

̫ӣǻ浱ԼϺͿˣʲô¶֪
֪ǲֹ

23

һҹѩװع
̫ӸǰȻҲţ·ܲϺ
Χ쳣ÿ˵ĶСŪʲô춯
ڣŰƿӣˡ
˫Ŀգüţһѵļ
Ѿҩ룬վһߡ
Ű̾һƿӴߡ
Χ˶ֱԽԽƫһ̵СԺ
СԺǰźİѩԺӣǰɨɾ
Ṳ̋ѩƿľֱߡ
սţܿİҩš
¼Űվ
ĶͣԪźĴ멳µҩ˼ζҩġ
˵ˣ²ҪҵԺӡ̫Ӹڿɲ徻
֪ҪôһֱԺ֪գĳŮؾˡ
Ԫһ٣ҩݵҩ
ǹҩҡҡͷ־͵˳ȥ
ҩӵ̫ˡ
ԼԸģ
ôܣ˵𽫾͵һԸ⡣˲ˣҳӳŽ𽫾ؾǰƺƴںǰˣ߾ˣŮˡΪҪڻԼ϶ֽš»δѡ
Ҫ취
԰ǵˣ֪ʲôûǻᶯŭ
ŭûŭǸ⡣
ŰЩ仰ֲҷ
Ԫ˰֣ҿûʲôӡԼ͸˵ġӻ˸ˣǵʲô̬ҿɲ֪óȻ´˵
ôǡ
ǣǸƻĵطһǶ۸ô죿
ô죬ȡ˭Ҳһֱ˭ѻؾ۽³ɲɣպҪԶֹҡһ常ڡҸұ˴ؾ͵óеٵȼգұػؾ
ǵ£
Ԫ಻͵ؿ˶Űһۣ̤ءһŹϡ
ﴫԪ಻͵Ƴ̿ˣˡ
л򡣡
Ű࣬뿪СԺ˶
˵ǲʲôǻҪš˭֪Щ˻᲻ṷǽʲô

ɫƴţ͵۾ͷ£ϤϵĿֻŲЩ
ѰĽţһ
ȻجΡ
Ǳ֮Ĺĸѵġţһ뵽·أĻŵ
𣿡һ
۽ؽеĿڴӦһ
ɫӱ£һЦŵŮӡ
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СѾţҪţǹȥϷһţһ߷ۣһѯš
۴СԼչԼѾźŻǵһΡЩӦ˵Լˡ
ӦһӶѾãѾʼΪ纷
еСﳤˮ飬һ˫ɫ۾㣬һůůˮ㡣
ЩҲ
Ϸһ𣿡
ǣһͷ˶Ųȥ밲Ҫūȥ׼
˵žҪȥԸס䣬ҡҡͷϷһš
ϷΪ˵˲ٻϷһš
һӦ
Ҳֻǰһ䣬Ϊ췢£СﲻҪϷš
ȴû뵽
ãūȥü䣬ĪҪš
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ʹһͿʼѩкܶѩ
СϣȻתͷһѩ𣿡
ǰڼУѩȥѩѩšİѩ۾Щ
һ㶣ûڣĻЩ͵صáô䣬ѩǻܺġ
ǰڼҲѩţҴô񣬲µġҾһѩţ߱󣬲ᵢȥϷ˵ġ
˵Żһָ۾ؿ
ҪƳһۣʱҿڡ
ãֻһ飬Ҫ˵㻰
۶ʱЦüۣϲӦһܵһѩǰ
ӣȻ˺ü£һ֡⡱˻
һŶ
СﱦرԼһѩţһǰߣһͷš
üﶼϸЦ⡣
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󣬺ܿһֻ̬СӾġ
Ц̧ͷ־ҪСӸûü˵ʲôһܻͲ˽
ҺǸҰѾͷᲢۣ
սǺվ
ͨ죬ŭؿǰˡ
ĹڴЦôأòһ˵ѡλɲʲôҰѾͷչأҳŮ˵ҵıֶҪŵġ
˵飬Ů
һɲԸҵɲʹ
ҲȷʵòᣬʲôҳŮᣬࡣû˵ˣĸ׵Ҹ׺룬˭֪ǲΪʲô顣ǲ˶һ
Сůģ𽥻
üҪǰǰλСȴסӡ
۵ͷת˸ոǿĻѩԡСӷڻѩϣ
ֱֱսǵĵطߡ
ɻ˵šáҪΪޣôصңһ֪ҰҲ䡭
Ұ֣˭Ұ֣

ɺһͬʱսǴ
վһۺɫȹС̧ͷؿɡ
ѵ飬㿪۵Ŀ⣬ģûأȻ͵˵
ޱؿߵǰظá㣬˭Ұ֣
۵ĿˣɱƼŲӵá˭֪ĸǲʲô²Ųò뿪ȻΪһ뿪飬˵þǺͱ˽
һû˵꣬žһ
۵ָѩţûúܡ
һʮֵᵽһߣָӡ
Լɴ۾ۣҴң
ɣ͸Ӷ
˵ĸһ䲻ǣһƣܺ͡
۵һǰ
Ÿգƽس
ڣ͸űƣһ˲侹˵úܡ
˵꣬ɣֱӾٰöȥ
ҹ߹һ·ǵء
ߵּֿ죬Ѿߡ
ҪȥϷ֤һ¡
ɿеޣǼ١

24

ڿɫһ˲ʶԣСݣתȥ
ڿտϷǰôô͹ˣ䣬밲ġ
ϷЦúƣȴûǰ
ѾȥֻۺϷˡ
̧ͷϷˣ򴽿Ϸ˺ƵЦȻʵá֪޵𣿡
Ϸ˵һ٣ŷֽ˽
ϷûлشȴѾõ˴𰸡
˵סһʱֻΪҡղ©죬ǴһֱңֱҪգϻΡǱһһǲǣ
۵ֱϷ˵ӡ
̾˿ŵһߣҶԲס㡣Ҳûһֱ㣬޴֪οҪ޵ˣͨˡǡ̫ӡ
һ仰ͬס
۲ŵؿϷˣ̫ӣҪ޸̫ӣ
ۺȻ벻ͨʲô
޸̫ӣѵϲ
Ϸῴ۵ɻ
鲻֪̫ʧһ£ٻؾʱزʱ䡣̫ҽԣ̫ӻ괺ա
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ѹҪޣأǾҪǰñǺŮáɻԼĲɺ̫ΪʥϷ
ˣٶҲ档
Ϸҡҡͷ̾áԼĲɺ̫ӣҴ󷿳Ůӡ
üͷϷ˵Ļ
ôᵽӣ
Ϸ˼šáʥüѣӦӽ̫ӾһĶӡĸ׺ãԼҴ󷿳ŮӶ»ԼҽסǱ֪ĴڣԼҲ䵽ɶͷϡҳŮԼȻ̫ӡ
һֽ⿪
ϷǸεؿۣ˫ҡҡͷ֮ԻڣֻΪ̫ز
Ϊ̫زҲŻ¡
ǲŻԼؾ
Ļֱ̫ףֱ׵Ϸ˶ѿ
񾩶֪ҳŮؾŻԼĶѾˡ
Ϸ˽һ仰˵꣬ͻȻҿ۵۾
˫۾ֻ
ֱͦվ棬΢΢
ҸûиܾĻᣬһؾעҪ޸̫ӣ̫
۵ͷҧ´
ŬƽԼ̧ͷʱ˫һ¶ҲûС
лϷ˽󡣡
˵仰תߡ
ƽȣֱͦǲǰȥһ֡
Ϸ˿ıӰ㱼俴ź뿪ӡ
ǰҲǸӵġ
ҲϷˣҲˡ
ӣѺ㸸̶һ̫ġʱұػỤȫ
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۽Ųһ٣ѾߵǰܸܵĺĿ⡣
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ڣѸٱס
Ϸ˼̱ϣ㶵ؿŷ顣
ںУ֡
һߡ
ңܵůģֻĸסǸԺӡ
¡
Ҫ侲常ܿͻ
һһܵȵ常

ӳһˣֶ϶˼ѩ
˶æ׼ϵ磬ΨԷûʲô˹
Ժİѩֻмһ·
۶Ӳѩרעѩˡ
һԣŵͷѩ˵С̲ס̾
ձ޵ºϷ˱밲
մԷǿѩˡ
̫ƽˣƽĻš
м磬ҪҪȥ
۵ͷ˿Լѩˮմʪȹǣ˵ͷů޵Χѩ˵ĲϣվԴСáҪԹԵصһŶ
̿𣬱ůࡣ
һݣǰҪڵźš
䣬ԸһȥֲԼֺõֻץסڵĻʾЩ
ȴ㿪ָָ֣Եһ
ֽڰУϵЦݽӲš
ɨһۣͷ
ɲ뱻Ϸ˵ץסӵͷ
ѩɫİӻҪϵĺɰۼֹȥߺɰԼϵͺá
ݱɫĺɰ֦ŵһ
ؽɰϵ䣬ȷߡ
ں棬ɨǺɰĿּ뿪
ЩֵػͷһֵۣűֻԼĴ
շѩ̫ͣܺá
ߵһ룬ͻȻܵԺеѩˡ
ôһһأѩҪˡ
пϧţûע⵽һߵĳҲ߹һˡ
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ȥϵָӡѾʧһۣƺܸܵۡ
·ꡣ
̧ͷؿһɣ̧žҪǰߡ
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ĿĮȻ⣬Ѿˡ㲻ϲңҲϲ㡣㲻ǿ˵ʡǶܡ
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ҲǱѵǸ˭ôһ
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Ѿ˵ּֿ죬Χһ㶡
ѸתͷֻȥһƬѩ֮أûΧ
֮䱾ͻ֮أҲֻϵĲѩͷĿǷֺδܡ
ü֣һӾץסɵĸ첲
ѾߵĻɵȴͣסˡ
ĸ첲ţεľء
ſҼҹ

ֵؿѾһֿۣ˿Լסˡһɣɾ˳ƵһƬѩС
ͨһˮ
չܺãѩһ룬ɵڲѩУȹȫȾʪˮϣǱ
лקһɰѾ߼š
۱̧žߣȴȻע⵽еĺɰ
ݱɫĺɰһ
ĺɰ
ǰȴѾס
ãô˺
Ѿ˵Уʱ뷴
۸Ѿ˵ʲôֱֱ֣ؿɣҡ
ΪôżĪɰвʲô֮
ɵؿеĺɰش򿪺ɰͳĶ
İչ·Ź
㶵ؿǿѿڶáô̫ӵ壿
ǰĽŲһ٣˵ʲô
װɵ˭˲֪̫Я壬һöòǽ˷İɡ
۴㶵վԭأɻ˵ʲôѾ
ؿö塣
ͷ·壬֪ء
˵ǡ̫ӵ塣
һ뽥ͣۻϸ룬ԶϤ
ۡ                    
лҪ˵죨10.29ģv18:00䣨ص㣬Ƴٵ㣩
ܸл֮ǰһֱղغ׷ĵСɰҲлл֧ҵǣձһģ
Ԥġ޸ѷİϲղѽ
İ
֪ԼǱ氮ʯ
ƾ֮ȴ
һۿðľ֮Ũ
һҴûڲѣתȢΪ
ǰ
һתץס˵½ǣЦ绨áǣҪȢء
ŰɫߵͷЦСĿ
ɫ´΢䳤ʣֱ䣬̧ͷĿ絶
ҪȢ

˲֪лĺɫѱ˼
ֻ֪๫һͻ죬һľͻ
Ҳֻ֮ɱ֮ˣΪֻع

25

ѩůġ
һۡͷ, ֻԶһһ׺첽
һ糾
գգۣԾʪۿŬ۾, Լ޳
ұԽԽ, 粽ߵǰ
СۿѾˣصá常
, ˡұӦһСϵᣬһϵĻҳ, ͣڿС
ҴҸϹ, ϴһ϶㳾, úܡ
ע⵽ͣ, , קסұ, 常, ǲǺۣ
߽, ܿ常жǱ
ǰ참常ҲǸɸɾػ, һҳҲȾ
, ˵ϵۣѾࡣ
Բ𣬶Ϊҡ֪ұΪ
Сεصͷ, ֻקŽұӡ
ұҡҡͷҲԣðһ˶ڼ, Žǳſ۸㡣£常ڡҵ뿴˭۸ʢŮ
һ仰ǳ˵ġ
ûұߵÿ죬ߵǰ棬Ļ
ѹԼŬЦáʢ˵ʲôأҵŮôί϶ʲôᡣ
ɲ֪ʲô¹Ͻ״áƵҪѾţҪˡҰѾͷҰ
δ˵ֻ꣬еĿ
̧ۿȥͶһ˫Į۾
·ڿڿһˡ
ɴ˺ʱ˵ˡ
ұӶջĿ⣬ؿ£ԭ֪ʢΪЩ겻ؾѾ֪˭˵λ𱰣ҽЩҡ
ұǴսɱģϵѹµļ
Цáʢ˵Цˡ㲻ھУλҲǼʶ̣Ÿ·
𣿡ұƵطʡ
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ŵüһĶ˻ȥصصϣҳ㡣
ںϴ̳Ѫ飬ŵ˿ҶӶɤʵáү⣬ʲô
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ұһǸģԼһͶۡ
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ұµԡ
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ǶõϢֻ˴Ļ뵽ôࡣ
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ұؿǰˣҲơ֣ۡ
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ұЦһ뿪Щ꣬ǵΪʲô֪ΪʲôۻĿǾãһΪ𣿲ô涼ѿĻҷȰòҪš
ұ۱
վѾ
һȺŵӺһսɱĽǲͬġ
ұתۣɫۣǻؼҡ
ЩԥؿŽұɿұ䣬ָָɵķ򣬡ҵĶ
ұüתͷɡ
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ұ̧žҪǰߣקק䣬СּᶨصáҪԼû
ұŲһ٣˿ɣ˵ͷ
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ۣǰ档
ұؿһְۣ䳤ϡһϽÿɶĶʲôõġҪѰõġ
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ǡ
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ϣգһȺ˼ڳϣ뿪
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ۺͽұӰʧڳȺ˳Ĭš
ʱż磬ֳҶ۹۱Ǳǹģ˭Ҳ^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^Ըȿڡ
Ѿ߷ţ̲סۣ͵Ϳ
ķţݺݵһۣʲôޣԼޣ
˭Ҫݺ˳㿴һɰвЩʲô
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ķؿŲĸŮԼӣָϵѪ裬Щݵصá˴ڱǰ£ҵ뿴ôΥʥ⣡

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ʱһ㣬ֻһ
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ˣˣޡ
վڽԱߵĸˣһקУӲӽұϰ
۴㵵ؿǸˡ
϶С㵵ıӰЩã˽е죬һׯЦ
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⸱ӣոմֱקӽȻ෴
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½뿪ǰԼ˰ʱͣ¡
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ʱ󣬽ұһοҡ
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ѹȴֻһվܻص
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ʢشϸ֮ȴ͸Լ¡
·һ佫һŮںһ
·ЩͥԺ۾͸ϲľɫ
ԹԵûҿһ·ߡ
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Ҳգס֧
첽Ժߣ˵˶ٴˣҪԺǶˣ
ۡ
ˣۻں档
̤ԺߣͼקһСĶ䣬ݺݵѵ
СﱾģȻſڵƯС㣬Ͻתƻ⣬˭ÿ
Բۣ֣ԼŮһۣûûСģ̵Ůú㡣
ӳѩ㡱ֶʱˡ
ߵñϻ죬ڵߣЦá㳤úúÿѽһμûü׼ϲʲôȥ򡣡
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վˣȥһµˡ
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۵ͷ˿ȹϵ㡣
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۲˵ˡ
Ǹجһֻй·һ
Сִúܣ֪𰸲
ұӹö壬ͼۣҺĸ׶ϣ㲻Ҫ뾩̷ˮС濴ƽʵ°ӿиһ常ĹԼ
常ҧ´ۿ΢ʪ
֪常Լжãǡ
Ҵ𰸣Ҳ뷨跨ӱĵطʳ常ҷŲ£ұ֪ǲ̫ӣ
ӿ壬ұ֪ӲⷬԻ
Сʲôãǹִ˭ҲȰ
ڰãһ˵
壬ġ
ģӵֻ̫߱ӡ
˲ս˫֣ҧ´Žұǿ壬ֻĿڴһϸϸ⡣
Ϸ˵̫ӻԲѡ
Ϸ˻˵ҽ̫ӻ괺ա
ЩԭĻͻȻϸϸ룬һ̽С
ǣߵʱ򻹺úõġ۽š
۾úܣֻǻƵ
ۡұǵؿۡ
ۺȻ̧ͷĿϣ常һͺá
ұܾ˵ܡ
ϣĹ⣬ջû˵ڡ
ã常šúϢ
ָһϡŰһĦͼ
İһЩ
֪Լˣˣİ

һպ̫Ӹ
Ԫ౳ҩߣ󻹸һǹһɫȹñסա
ԪʾƣҪȥŵȻáǡ
ԪһͻȻ˸ǲ⻳ɡ
ԪƤһۣ̲صáҩˡ
ҩˣҩ֮ˡ
˵ʲôԪؿұ;ŮӲУҪȵˣ¶úʹ㡣
ɫһףϽҡͷ
ҩδǮ

ټ̫Ӹ쳣
Ԫһ·ߣȵҩ£ȳȥҪϣ˴š
ԪϰߣЩŮѾϰߣ׷ȥ
š֨ѽһϡ
ԪͣȡĶֱָָ䣬ȥɣ档
ñסߣ°ڣߡ
Ũصҩζ洹źᣣסˡ
ƿԼǰñϡ
ͣǰߡ
Ҳ֪ԼʲôקᣣҪƿͻȻһ
ˣڲҽˣ
ԭأӦѸƿߡ
£ĿռԵе谵
ۿ߼̧ȥ
һƬ谵УڴϵǸŤͷϹĵЦݡ
Լ˿졣
գգ۾ǰ˻ǰõûʧ
һնĵһӱһգۣ
ᣬ϶ίı顣
˵ʲôϵȴһſ޻С
Ȼؿţε̾ƿµء
һֱڴϣֻ˼£Եݡ
ʲôҲǺúõվǰ𣿡ߵǰͷˣٿ޾Ͳ׼ټˡ
һסԼ죬ؿȣȴҿˡ
Ҫ޲޵ӷۡ
̾һû취
һ֣۵Դϣ޾Ϳްɣء
ǰޣܺùһίضڱޡ
һӣֻøˡ
קȵ䣬ֿ
ǰ½ȾʪСȴ׵ơ
һûȴñ˭ס
֪˶ã۳ҭ̧ͷίؿȣƭҡ
Сտ꣬۾ţҲţֻקȵ䡣
Ƶֲȥϵᣬôƭˣ
˵⣬㻹˵ûµġ˶ڴ㡭
һ괺աȲ˵꣬ǻһԲѡ㿴ڲǺúվǰ𣿡
ǰ˵ͷһ´ɢɢ
½ǰȫȾʪ͸š
̧ͷ뿴һ۲죬ͶϱԼʪ½
Щ˼صͷС飬ұ޵ġ
ǿҵĴӦòڴϣ벻ˡ
Ƕ˵Ļȴһ̧ͷ־סȵ죬˵Ļող˵ûµġ
С΢΢Щ
ü۵֣ңƭ㣿
Сûţش
Щɥصͷ£㲻ҿ϶ĵ常ңƽһúǲǣ
˵̧꣬ͷ۵ؿȡ
ӡУ̫ӵĴڡǰˣԼж֮½ţֲκ˵ԼĲ
ɼòƽȣԲЩֶΡ
֪۲С۵ĿȴЩɡ
ұ˵öԣ̷ˮɲƽ
֪ˣһԼ֮¡㲻صģʲô޵¡ý뿪ǮҪլӶԡʱڽϣʲôطҪٻؾˡ
һ߰С֣һ侲˵Щ
˵꣬۾һ
СͷϿԵеִ
ôˣǲҪҵǮһЩô֮ڵ鱦εСҲ𣿡
ۻǲ΢΢Ҫ߱ס֡
üսЩôˣңǲ۸ˣЩǳıӵŸҡ
ǡСڳ̧ͷ򴽿۸ҡ
ңȺЦؿۣҸǮ鱦Σô۸ˣҺúýͣͲý첻ˡ
˵ţһЩһҪӡ
۹ίƾʲôߣҲߡԼ˵Ļţһߣ˵͡
ʲô
Ҳˡ֮ǰߵʱ򻹺úõģμͲôأֻƭҡ
ίͰ˵һ仰
ԭأʲôаʯͷԼĽš
뿪˵ʲôȴסԼ䣬ҡͷҲĻһ뿪㲻Ҫ˵ˣҲ
˰Σס۵ִֻ֣Ӷƿһֱھ˻ĻӣΪҵۡ
ۡЩˡ
۽ҧ´Ĭá
Ȼ̧ͷȣĿᶨҿԳΪ̫Һͬˣ۽ʲôҶ¡
ᣱ紵Щơ
ȾԼˣ۵Ŀڸû
С˵ҪΪ̫
Цֲ֪ΪʲôҪЦ
ͷؿۣ֪Ϊ̫ʲô˼𣿽̫Ӹ뿪ɾûôˡ
ۿ϶صͷסǾ㲻ңҲбˡ˵ǻҵĻӣǱ˾ͲĻҲ뿪ҲǴӱ˵Ŀ֪Щٵ㣬㰲뿪𣿡

˵Уûпڡ
СֻҪãɵҪ
ͷۣﰲù֣˭Ҳû˵
Ƶӵ
õԼҪˡ
Сﻹش
Ƚñϵİɴ£ɴס۵Ŀ⡣
ȷ۵ļת˸
ͷ۶ߵáȥú룬㵽벻뵱̫
˵̫Ӹ뿪ɾûôˡ                    
лҪ˵һ·

26

ѩ紵·, ϣֵϣɰããһƬ
̫ӸǰŲͣߵŮ, ҡҡͷ
Ԫһ, жǲͣڵô嶼ô, һҩѶܲס
˵꣬һ˦˽ȥ
ĿɿڴؿԪ˦뿪, ̲סꡣ
, ãûӦҩ
Ǹݵġ
ԽԽԶ, , һɫʧ˵С
һֵ, һ۵ͣ
ñס, Ѿߵķ
뿪, ˳Žֵ˺üȦʢȥ
۵ͷ, ñ¡
ǿ壬ͷĬ
ôˣԵѾ̲סʵ
Ѿ߽С, ǽұصذߵġ
СѾͷŽССһ, ʵһ书Ҳúܡ
ΪľǱۡ
Ħϵĵ̧̣ͷЩؿС, С骣һ£˶ڸ, 㲻ôеǵڸ㣬㲻ôڡô
Ϊ嶯˵ڣǵ׸ôһʱҲ
常ͬ޵ġ
˵׮¿Խ˵
ɣΪλϵڣ
̫ʣȴ֪òʡ
СͷҲǲ⣬ʵѾѡѽ
ʲôЩ㵵ؿС骡
ﲻ˵ôڡоѾһҪѽ
һﾪˣ㶵ؿС骡
ɻĲҪҪñͬѾѡˡ
ͣ£ʢˡ
۵ͷе壬еľᶨ
ѩúܴ󣬲ʱԺӶɰããһƬ
Ժ÷ʢţɢĵİ㡣
վڴڣŷ紵÷÷ѩơ
Ժ⴫ơұ̤Ժӣһ۾Ϳڴˡ
¶ǳǳЦұ
ұЩ
ڴЦ˽˸ģгˡ
ѩֱϣ˿˿⡣
ұϸڴѾ
ȭѹе˼̧Ǳߡ
ѾڴμţѾˮ˳ӡ
μյˮƮİ
뿪ţԿѩ
úԶߵ˵
ĺɰѾɫ֦ģ׹䡣
̧ͷЦſұ常
ϸĹ⣬ǵЦ⡣
ԼýұϤĹâ
пͬĹ⡣
Ǵʲô
ۣ֪ĸƵһʲô𣿡
ʲô
ִһ¶ģ˭ҲȰ
»ָ⺮Хѩ衣
һʱ˭Ҳûм˵
סĺɰͷΣ常Բˡ
ұҡҡͷס۵֡
쵽ˣСЩ
ұǰһ֣֡
Ů֮䲻ҪǸ֮ǰ룬һҪݺݵظ㲻Уͷ常û常ûͷֻܻһ·
ұ̧ͷЦ⡣
ۿʪ۽׹顣ұֲ۽ǵ飬ԴޡҪǿ޵Ļ常ͲӦˡ
۵ͷסᣬãҲˡ常㲻Ҫҡһúõġ
ᣬ¶ЦݣнұЩ
ţ常ţһúõġ
ұ˵üᶨĳֳŵ
ˮİɢЩѹ·ҵʳвŵ⣬常ҪޣǲǾҪصң
Ϸ˵ˣԼҳŮ̫ӡ
ҪޣЩǱҪԵġ
𣿡ұʡ
ԥһҡҡͷ
ϲЩˡ
ȻЦţЦﶼϸϸ롣
ҲϲǡҪңҲ۸ҵġֻǣ常Ҫ֪һЩ顣
ʲô
Ҫ֪ĸΪλ뿪ΪλһԶ뾩
סŵǼգظоϺɵ˶ĵ⡣
ȻЦţЦǲЩ۲Ķ
ҪңŪҵʲô
֪һġ
ŬۻõģҵĶȴɻһС
ұ̾ĸ׺ǴСµĻԼ
ĸ׻ŹĵŮϷ˶»Լսסδ֮ǰΪȵǰ˵᧿Σ棬ȹΣ¹ұ㿪ʼ֮¡
˭ûյϲԼıãȴ²˵ĸױڹúӡֻıãĸһ겻У㼱ؽı븮Сɵ֮ʱŵ檡̶һ꣬ŵ
ұҧ˵һ仰
ֻҪһ뵽£޵÷衣
˵Լ⣬᲻ᡭ
Ȼû
֮󣬼ȥĸ׷ĸײ̸ĸģ˵ֱʮǰ뱱ٹһս
ٹʮǰ𣿡
ԣˣʮǰһս˲ءԮþδ
ұ޷˵ȥ
ӱ߽һ꣬جصѪ
ƴսʲôأ
ؾ֮ʥϳԮδһ¡սǡŹã˽סԮ֮ˡʥϴŭŹ鳭ǣܵĽڸࡣ
ұûָǡ˭
ѹ±ߵáĸ׿Լĸֵܱţɱͷһ뿪ΪĴڶ
½ŴҪΪ檣ĸ׺ģԼһļױһ飬Զ뾩ʱ֪Ĵڡһˡ
˭
ˣıãϡ
һսкɰ
֮˵ʲôѰһʼƭ
ÿһˣƤĶǡ
ֻҪһ뵱ĸ׵Ǳš
ڰã۽Щйһһ顣
̧ͷұʮּᶨصá常Ҫҡ
Щ¡
ĸµĶҪȫ³
СﷺżᶨĹ⣬ұЦЦۣ֪ʲôҲΨһһ·常⣬۵Ҽտɺã
ҧҧ´ջǵ˵ͷ
ܻزңĸ׵ļױҪһһʵػ
ͷķѩЩұ߳Ժӣһ̧ͷվڷѩеĽС
ѩļͷüңҲ⣬Цſұ硣
ұǰȥмͷİѩЦЩ꣬ˡ
ִ뿪ʢһж¡
ٹʢڣĵܵ뿪һӭ
Цҡҡͷ͸׻Щ꣬ҲǴĻҵ⻹˵Լʢӵܣ
岡Сҩﳤ
ͷ˶ԽҶүָָʱǽұĳȥĵܵƽ
ֵܴҪ˵ʲôл֡
𣿡
Ů̸֮в֪ȥѯ»ش𻹺ʮǰһ
ˡ
̶̵֣ۿʪˡ
ۼޣұ򣬡ڿɲСʱһޱӣЦɲͷ
ЦŲᣬҡҡͷޣޣôܿޡ
ֻ񾩶˽֪ѹ龩ʥǶҲõϢ磬Ҫһˡ
ұ׽еĵǡ
뾩꣬ٻؾ˶šϾ˶ٶһľơ
סӣվͻʥֻڻһ֮ǰ׼լӣ׼ˣ
Ѿ˼ӽʰˣֻǴ磬Ҫլʲô
ؽḮ
֮޷⣬Ҳҽҵ۸ۡ
ᣬࡣ
Ҫ⣬Ҳͼ

ѩأҹͣ
̫ӸһƬž˴롣
ѾǶڵ⣬˭Ҳ
λ̫ӸһǵƫƧԺȻ
Ԫźİӣüǰˡ
ú˯ܳҪһĶҩ𣿡
Ƶŵˡ
ϴ˼ɫĳۣɫЩ԰ס
Ǹˡ
ǸĲˡ
¡ȱߵߵ
ԪЦһ̫ӵ»֣һ˵һʲôʲôõѯ
ҹѣֻ˵Ǻõˡ
ǰĲ̫ӣԪֱһȥ
ҲԣȷʵġҼǵãǶ¶ʮˣ԰ɣ
ڶϦܽƵġ
ţĴĻңԪ಻ش
꣬Ͱ
Ԫòԣһͷͼ
͵վŵİҲ˵ϣһ¡
ʲôСѾͷӦ޵ˣұҲӦˣ
ڵСô嶯ĻǺ
ģˣ
ɢϣƵתϵĲ豭˵ͷ
ӦˡСִúܣ˭ҲȰ
˵Ҳúܡ
˵Ž£Сȴûôס
ǣڳôһεģﶼҪЦˡ
Ԫϵİ¹һ㱳£Ҳ㲻ҪһԼˡҩԡʱ䶼ˣѲˡ
һʲôû˵ʲôȲصֺ˿Ȳ衣
ԪתקŰӵöȣ֪ģڵܡ
֪ȴԪĻЦЦ±в˵ЦҼֹһ£ǱֻİһЩ
İ㡭
࣬Ұɡ
紵Ժľſ֨졣
Ԫ޺޵ȥ˰֣㣬㣬㶼Ҫˣһʲô
룬ֲ̾áһɵһ裬ǻǾ䡣
ȹǳЦ²豭
ȷʵɲɵ

Ḯɽա
ѡһϺõլӣ˼ӽʱʰ
⼷˿ֵˣҵòײͣ
̧ͷϵġḮ֣üһ֡
ұʢػسá
һձ
۵ľ۵⡣
º룬۲ҼϣȷʵҳŮ
ץѪԵϵţұҲá
Ḯ۳Ľ
ʢͬʱΪ۵ңΪ֮׼
ҽ֮¡
鶨ڶʮˣҲֻʮյʱ䡣
񲿼ӽ׼µḮ׼͵ÿʢ
Ϸˣºϵ˵ƫǸϽȥͨ
񲿸ˣںԺһ񲿽顣
˽̧ͨͷһֵۣͷ·û
СﾲеᣬϿʲôһţЦ񲿵˼˵
ͨ˸оԣվһԲ
Ƚ˵꣬ʱȥˡ
ۺһ˳ȥ
ԶԶģ㿴һ˼Ҵҵܹ
ƫҲ޿ģ˵ﲻ
ʲô
Тһգ˵˳
ЦһҲ˵֣ǣȥ
˵׼ʵʽұûҵ˲֡
˵ҪߣסӣҡҡͷȥһǣЩҪ˵
ЩģЦЦģСڣ۸ҡ
ԣ˭۸С㣬ǺųḮСսȭͷװͰ͵ص
֪СҲ
ãȥɡΪӲֵá
ǳЦŵͷתƫȥ
ûƫ޿
ЦݣĿ̤ƫ
ʲôĪñ˾һ޸֮С۸
ƫ֮С
»ͷȥͼһźɫȹ̤С
ŲȹĲϣεʸжԶɱȡ
ۣǵδ˵档
ͬǸĵŮʡ
޵ûôһҭҲˡ
㸸׺ĸƫôãϸ֦벻𣿡
˵Ҫޡ
ü֦֦ʲô˲˵
Լĳޣô˼˵ڡ
ֻĨᣬҲڡ
üô˵ҲĸףϷҲĸƫôãˮϣ
ƫŴȴ̿ûգ˵㡣
ۿ£ûлĻ
ǰߵϷǰ棬˸񣬡Ϸ˰á
Ϸ̧ۿţżûǰСھгĹŮ
ЦЦҺ㸸ĸ׹Ҫһ´ĳﱸ֪ʢ
常δ顣ҹΪҪһϷˣ
ʲô£
Ϸ˵ҳ޺סңʣϷ֮Ϊ֮ΣΪĸ׺һ±Ǹ⣿
ƫһϷαе
ҲֹͣĨĶ¸üͷ
˭ó⻰ԡ
ҲǷĸףǸһ˵
𣿡
ת峺Ŀֱ£·ܿȥ
ޣĸüױһ£ǵΪ֪𣿡

27

չӴ, ڵͶһƬ֮
ôůƫȴЩ
۲㲻ܵؿ¡
񵱳, кʸһ㡣
ֹͣĨĶ, һ˦ӣֺſáƣ, ʢĺŮǧཫһؾΪֲЩܵĿࡣ񵹺ãʢŮ, ͷҧԼһڡ㲻𣿡
𣿡۵ص
, ߵǰ
ϻ˦״һ־סһǡ
ûӦ, ק, 
Ȼ, һЩ, δվӱֿ, , ƣҪְ˶Ů, ĸ׽𣿡
ۿϿ, ûû˵Ϸ
İϷ֪˶ٴΣĸ˶ٴί
, ĿۣҪЩͷϡ
ˣҲקһ, ݳһҪģٽĿݺĸ׶ٴΣǶٴΪЦ¶ĸף
̽һ£ϵϷݵü١
ƫƫٵϷףõ˿
˫ȭϿ޵ͷۡ
ʱĽֻͬһ㡣
ˣˣӶˣĸתͰѵһ١
ϳҭҭģҲѿѹȥˡ
۾վһߣؿš
ڵȣµһƱ硣
ѵϣ̧ͷۡ
һβԿߵĽǶȿŮ
֪ұ常ʱܾôջҪס
̫ӸУҪ໤
Ϊ
ۺһԶ˵ͷ
ޣıױЩʢİɡ֪ƭ㣬ΪľǸŮġ˵侲ϸһ˿顣
ĽƱȴֻ˾ÿЦ
תС骵áС骣ֹ
С骵˷ԸϽȥ
۾£Ĭصˡ
˷ʱǱ粵
С骽ų̿죬һͲŸֽ
ȫס
һۼۣͷỨΡΡǰҪ
۸Ͻס֣ءҪǵ棬ңĸ뿪ʱʲô
Ϻڼֵĵһɫͱˡ
ִ󿴣£ԭƵĿһӱ÷ߺ
ūض֪޲޲Щһ֡
һ仰˵ֻ·б˶
л֡۲֣һͬˡ
ǵһֱĸ̷֣ҽѰΪšЩ˵ꡣ
ϺͿֵݡ
š
ֿ·Ҫ̻һ㡣
ּϲӣɴҲƿĿ⡣
࿴һϣöġ
£һһ¡
ػǵʮǰ׮¡ĸұү˵Żȥ飬ת۾ͽԺӷΪ˱£Ӳ÷ûмүһ档壬Ź֮ʱΪ檣ԼΪƽޡغүʱˣΣ֮ʣ˭˭Ź˵ŵһˡ
үĳŵᡣ˲Ӧĺññ㵽ԺǶˣӲرŷҪͬ׮¡ʱҲΪүҪ֮û뵽ǵǷеļױ
һױһź飬úֻ̡ǲ֪үЩױʱ᲻һ˿ΣǷֺǷأ𣡡
һʾǴµϡ
ɫЩࡣ
ȥǵķӦС骷֣⺰һһѾ߱һľ
ľпЩͷˡ
۴ľУȡĶһЩ¾ɵĲӡ
۾ǲӣµáǵĸ״ӹļױĿոֵĻҲˡǣһĸ׽ļױ
ȻԷһжǱġҲϡҿȥõŹģʱһȥǰֱ档
侲˵ⷬվ·ȥõŹһǳ򵥵¡
ɶҲǡ
ֵʥǰǷΣˡ
֪Ҳҡ
ǣҡ
㲻Ҫֵ棬ʥǰֵΣ
ֳ̫£պָԾˡ
¾۲ô嶯
һ̣ǰСصáһЩҸ˵͸ҪҶ𣿡
ƫ׾
ģҲҶġ
Ϸɿֵ֣ĲվԽ£վǰҪʲô
ҪʲôϷ˲𣿼ױĿ黹ĸмױһһұŹġ
˵
ܵЩίֲ
ΨһֵľЩױ
ˣȻҪóЩǴҳϼ
żң֪ǸʲôóЩͿˡ
ϷҲͬϵĻ
ò
ۿֱ׳ģĿĮҲ˹Ҵҵ治Сĸ׵ļױǱǮϡ
Ҹʱ䡣ʱҪмױ
˵һѾ߽ϡ
һŶһ
ȭͷŬάϵ侲
Ʊ磬װãǰû˿á
Ҫһû^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^
ûٿһۣתߡ
Ҫ̤ǰȻͣ¡
üһǲˡ
ûлͷֻǵصáҲϹӣ۾ܱƶ˭˭٣̫
δͬģֺģ
ԶͣƫС
Ͽһᣬ͵͵͵ؿ
ᣬתͺݵáʲôޣ㵱⣬Ȼ£
ϱžѵһ٣̧ͷŵؿ£ֱ硣
ˣʱֱԴôЩɡ
ǹ˼̶࣬ʵʵʲô¡
󿴲ǱǵŹǰˡ

ʱ䣬æŲļױ
ḮҲԽԽࡣ
񲿵ˡ
͵еԽԽ࣬ҪסҲԽԽࡣ
ûбԹһ䣬ԹԽаš
ȵ뿪ͻصϿᡣ
ϵĹط࣬дϸۿſž;Ƥʼܡ
ůģźʵıë޵̺ӡ۵ͷֻԵ
鷢ղߣСԴһһ㣬žҪ˯ȥˡ
СҪѣĿһƳˣĬĬû
ӳѩŵߣߵ齱ߣԼֻ֣һǰ졣
һͷҪˤȥӳѩһ۵
Ĵ̼һӰ۴̼ѡ
һ̧ͷĿЩãȻؿǰ
ͷԱߵˣգգۣãôˣ
ôˣӳѩһӳеᣬߣ㣬⼸죬㶼˯ٻˣƣ⻹ûһ롣
ӳѩᣬۿǻȥᣬЩ
˯ˣһһùᣬ˷滹ʣҳ̾˿Ҳ֪ô£úܡС骣ôѽ
˯Ĵ߷˭ס⡣ӳѩ٩ŵ
Ҳ粵
ϵĹط࣬Ŭȥ˼ˣ̫ůͣס˯˹ȥ
û£Ѿˣٿһ
ĺܺãȻܲסܿġ
۳Ҫᣬӳѩ˵ûڣһѾ߾ͼҴҵ˽
̫Ӹˡ
һɣ䵽˵ϡ
ȵؿǸѾߣǺˣ
ع̫ӸĹܼң˵Ƹġ
Ƹ񣿡ӳѩطʡ
̫ӻԲѣ˭˲֪
׮µ񣬳ϲ̫ԡ
ӳѩŴۣҲΪУһЩ
˵ʲô̫ӸƸ
Ҳ㶵ϣЩûӦѾߵ˼
ʵ񲿶ˣЩԡ
̫עλˡ
Ϊ޳ϲֻӼ򡣿ǡ
ҿȥ𣿡Щ̽ʵ
ʲôԵġǰǶ磬Ʋǡߣȥӳѩˬص
ӺԺǰж·
ۺͽӳѩǰʱһƸӡ
ı﷩ףˮƳʮƥ
ˮƳ񣿡ӳѩ̲סʶϲԣָϽסԼ͡
ûסֵ۶ߵá㣬ˮƳһƥǧ̫ӸȻһ;˶ʮƥ
Ĳƴ֡
ȻʼҲĴʡ
⣬ұһƸӣüҲ
ֱʣǲֹͷİš
Ƹã˶ˡ
ٺõĶҲûʲôӦˡ
ұӹʱйٵɤӶѾˡ
һһĶḮΧ۵İղʶ̫Ҫˡ
һֱվֱ̫Ӹ뿪
ĿյϰŶѵӳѩسȥΧƸ
ұ̤ڣߵ
ϻ񵥣һȴһСӡ
СŷĻƣСɡ
ұӵݵǰۣġ

ۿǸСӣֽӹ
ۣиһһֽ档
ֽıʷ棬ֻûǡ                    
лҪ˵Ҿãǿϣҳ˿Դ˫
Ȼǣֵֻһָצ֣ذƴż

28

إ, Сꡣ
Ḯ¹˺Ժ񲿺˾Ʒ˵ͷ
Ϻͼ˾һ⡣
ײ, ö, Ϻͼ˾̧ͷ￴
ɫ߳
鴮ļ·£廭ͼʷ, °ڴԲ顣
Ĺ䵽ϣɵͼƳ档
˫ֺ£䣬һͷ˿, ϵ鱦, Ͷߵĺɫһƣĵüѩס
üһ㻨, ʩű, ΢, һ
Ϻס, 鲻Խǰ
⡭
Ҳסˡ
Щ, ̽ؿڡáǲÿ𣿡
黹ա
», ü˾ƴŷϼһһԡ
», ڻ
һ, ֱֱá
۵ʻư
˾ƻعѹо̾ҡͷЦһ, ˡǹһƷˣɡһʱˡ
ҲعЦߵ, ֣ģܺʡ
ˡԭȻЩʲôʵĵطΪ׼һ
˾ǹˣ˵ûһһġ
ΧۿһȦȷܺʣŽֻһ
һЩʧϡ
˻ƼЩʧСЩۡ
⼸죬ǻӷæȵ죬͸ˡҲģ常ԻȥӦԣֻҪĴ޾ͺá
̧ͷЦŵͷ뵽ոһĻԥһ£̲סʵáҪԻ̫Ǳأȵգ̫ӻᡭ
ۺȻ֪ôȥ
ʣ̫ӻӭ
ûжγɻġ
Ŵˣ̫ӸƸ
ȻʶҪˡ
Ḯææµµƫƫû˸̫Ӹô
֪岻ãǲֻԼһˡ
۵ͷʵҲûϣϻش
ΪѾˡ
˶ڴ̫ӻԲѡ
Ҳû̫ѵϢ
۵ؿۡ
Ҳû⡣̫Ӳţôӭס
޳ϲ£бֵöŻ£Ҳֲ죬һϻεܡ
ôĳﱸΪЩ̾ŻʼҶ°ˡ
ۣǲܣҪܾ͸˵š
۹ЦЦҡҡͷģҲܡС꣬ҲҪġ
Լܣοˡ
ϧϲ˵ʲôֻ˵ȥתע
ҹĻ٣ڷ̻
̻ʢͬҹеķ
̧ͷʢŵ̻սеСľС
̧ͷ˺һֱ̻̻ȼŵͷеСľС
Ὺֽ
ֽƿһ͸Сӣ˿ţһСС׹Ρ
常˵͸Լġ
ЩƸһ
ĦǿӣССع
ءһڿʼڶ̻
̧ͷ̻ʢУ·ʢǺӡ
ۡ
̻һۻһǽұ
ϲǰ常
ۺϸӣ첽ߵұǰ̧ͷüؿ˵æΪ㲻ˡ
С꣬常ȻҪۡ
ұոջؾֶʢݣԲǰɡ
ǸŻ
ߵǼ꣬С궼ǸŮһġ
ԻΣ⣿
ûУ˾˵ܺʣ˵Ҵúܺ
Ǳá
˱߱˵һ·صݡ
ȼ̿𣬱ůࡣ
ұӷŵ˰ȥ
ֻʣ¸Ůš
̿㣬۵һͱú˵ġ
ұЦŵáױѾ׼ˣҹ黹ģ׼ġ䲻̫ӸƸ񣬵ҲñСơ̫ӸҲ˵ȵ죬˴̫ӭ֮۵ʱ򲻻һ˵ġ
ϵ׻ǰѵĶԽұ˵ˡ
ЩεصͷˣôΪҵġ
˵ұס۵ֻ֣ţִָȡ
ۣ̫Ӹʲôίǵø常Ҫš죬常㡣
̧ͷұСغá常
䣬
ʵ޵ġ
ɲ֪ΪʲôͻȻͺܡ
һ̣ųס
ʲôǳޡ
ԼľֻЩҪ뿪常
ǰ常
ߺ常ֻʣһˡ
ԽԽѹߵһµ
ұޣûš
СʱһСıοáްɣ޳ͺˡ
̻ʢŵڸ˿
ۿãű̧ͷۿӲɾᡣ
ұصá常һҪúóԷú˯æŹ¾ͲǵóԷһģ㲻ƭҡ
ƭ㣬ɱٿò֪ʱˡұЦ۵ıӡ
ӣҲűӦáҲƭ常
ұЦҲ̲ס۾ЦŮӶЦ
ЩССı˾ڲȥ
һ̻ȼСҹȻȥ

ת˲š
إˣ컹δ۾ͱӱ˳
һӼˣͷģױģµġ
Щڣ۾ûô
˵ʲôҲֻЩȥεͷΡ
ôԤʱǰһ׼á
СﴩŻĻ塣
һЦԡ
ǻָ֮Ͻ˹ͷ
ҪǺͷˡ
ͷ棬վһߣֽӹͷߵǰ
ۣҪǺͷˡظ
仰һײһײ۵˼
Χڵˣֿ˿еĺͷ
չأҪϺͷ֮ڷеɹˡ
̱춼ѻϲĺɫֻƬͷˡ
ͷ죬̲סߵáҪʱˡ
ǰźͷĿл
Ҳޡ
񣬾Ůͼޡ
ۣģǶ㡣Ͽοš
Щŵɿ˵ͷ
ͷסǰߣѾ߷ڴϡ
ͷ˳ȥЩ
˵ƺڳΪӭ׵ˡ
ͣڴߣյ̲סս
ŵҧ´˵òܻױֻǿ򶨵š
֨һϲſˡ
һŲ
ߵò첻Ųȡ
һĽŲֻĿҪɤۡ
常˵ˣ̫ӭ׵ˡ
Ų۵ԽԽ졣
ǻһԽԽĽŲ
һֻƴӺͷǰƺáӣˡ
Χһ˲䶼ʧ
۶ֻһӡ
ֵֻֻģ˵
ӭ׵վߣס֡
ͷͷơ
۶á£ˡ                    
лҪ˵С
Ԥġ޸ҿһϲϲѽϲղһѽձ
İ
֪ԼǱ氮ʯ
ƾ֮ȴ
һۿðľ֮Ũ
һҴûڲѣתȢΪ
ǰ
һתץס˵½ǣЦ绨áǣҪȢء
ŰɫߵͷЦСĿ
ɫ´΢䳤ʣֱ䣬̧ͷĿ絶
ҪȢ

˲֪лĺɫѱ˼
ֻ֪๫һͻ죬һľͻ
Ҳֻ֮ɱ֮ˣΪֻع

29

ϲ, һ˵źشʡ
ϲߣ΢ͷ˳Ÿͷķ϶ԱĿȥ
ֻֽ, Լܿ˻ϵ
ֵֻĺش, 滹Ӹϸϸ
Ե˳һɫסգֻۡ
ͷԵС, Ĵָᰴ˰ǰ
졣
սʱϡɫߡ
常˵Ǵ̫ӭ׵ˡ
Щͬ, ڶߵǾȴϤ
Щŵ, ָ£ȴ뵽˿Ƚա
ͷѩ׵СԾͷһ㱡ۡ
ɹٽӳϲඡָص
һƵ, ЩӸЩ
ȽŲ΢, Ѿ߸Ͻǰסۡ
˽Ųͬ, һ̤ż
Χӵף, һ»ꡣ
÷ڿ, ۼͷ, ΢Ļ㡣
ǻ߶£ֻյϡ
һһε, ǺϺµ
ϲߵǰ·, ѾԤݹܶΣȴǵһôš
ĽյҲԽԽȡ
ȸоĵıȶ, ΢΢΢սġ
һ̲סġ
ȷĽ, Լ
Сһ·ģŹĽǰ
ǰڣұλϡ
кһߣҵһߡ
µûұûλʸ
ٸۺһ̤ǰ
˵Ŀⶼˡ
ұע⵽ɫߵɹ١
΢΢üȶӣһ֮£Щ鲻˵
Ѿ߷ϲˮȽӹ˫ַұˣС²衣
ұӲ裬ˮ豭ϣ̧ͷۺȣáһȥҪ໥֡
һۿһʪ
͸ɫĸͷԼڸλϵĽұ
Ŭ۾Լ޳
Ůסˡ
Сġ
ٺɣ˽Ҫ̤ǰ
ҪˣұȻվߺһ¡
һ׷ײؿұ
̫ӵ£
ȴתұ
ԣұһһáת£ԸסСŮĪܰί
ͬʱһ
Цһ
һ̫ӣ࣬кã
Ҳұеĵġ
̲סͷͷ۽ǵᡣ
һУֻñͷ
Եƺ֪ס֡
̧ͷұáϵ
ʮһŵ쳹ǰ
̧ͷȣȵģȴԼʮԽԽ졣
ұۿ΢ʪ˿ۣǰ˰֣Цŵáȥɡ
¸ߺȣۺһת̤ǰ
Ḯ⣬ѱá
ϲŸߺһѹΣ۱ǰ
ȻС֣ͷۣ΢ɣ΢һԲĶܵġ
۸ܵĵĶպá
Ѿ߷ϻΣֱƽȵ۲С̯ģֻһֻԲǹ
ǹǷۺɫģ
ֽ۳ǿǹ
ǹᣬ滹мģذԵǹζơ
ۿʣµֽ̲ס䴽
ϵȻͷ˿Ρ
䲻ܿСģȴ뵽ǹģ
ü䣬Ⱦǹ⡣
ϧھǸͷһСģ
ƺܸо̫ӵµļܿ쵽̫Ӹ
̫Ӹ⣬غ򣬹Ůһԡ
ȷߵǰ֣üͷ΢塣
ͣһ˲ֿܿš
һֻ⣬ס
̤⣬Χ۰һ󻶺
ȵͷ»صԼߵСĿʹսģһߡ
ȵӰʧ̫ӸڣΧ۵İԲɢȥ
кߴ˴ԵˣָָһͷļױոǸһƵӺɹ٣̲סá˵޳ϲôôʢǴ̫ӭ׵ɹٻ̫ӵмƣҲǷѾ˼ˡŲǳϲ̫ӳס
ɲǣºͻʺˡʢô̫ǡ
Ļ֪̾˿
һյ̫ӶѣʢҲá
̫עܿࡣ
ţ̫ӸۺѾ̤
λϣһ۵۸ϣڻĻʺһԡ
϶ǳǳЦһۿȥƽռҺƵĸá
ٸߺءݸáۺһ³
ʺĿƵؿˣɹʱĿ΢
ɣΧ˻š
һ붴չأ˿Ҫһź·ȥ
ͷסߣԼоͣ˽Ų
Ҳͣ£СָԵû˵
Ѿ߷Ҫǰȥ
ͷһվûлͷ
վԭأСԽԽԶ
ֱӰʧתŸλϵĻʵۺͻʺ񣬡Ѵӭ¡
ӵԽȴ̫ӵȫͬ
һԹü
ɹ£μϲȥ
ʵۺͻʺҲ̫Ӹߡ
ϲдѳɣۺҪع
⣬ʵ˽ʺŲ΢١
ͷԵֵáȥһϲ̫ڲڡ
ͬʱϲ֮ϣѾƵˣתԵС˵áȥϲһˡ
ͬʱϲȥ
޵һ·սеֽѾߵĲǰߡ
ԽǰߣԽ٣ֻ߽
ƺͣǱߡ
޵񣬵ȼź϶
߶һƬɫĽᡣ
ѾߵĽŲǰ£ᣣΡ
ֿ첽ǰƿᣡ
һۿȥͼϲһˡ
˱ĿߣŻɫЩ԰ףü£š
ͷ￴̫ӰȻ棬ֶͷתЦȥۡ
̫޵ˡ
һ˵Żһ߷ϲϡ
һ˵żĻȴû˼ȥϸ
΢΢ͷܿȵַڱϡ
ֱ԰͸Ѫܣ
Щ黰˵˶ã۾Ͷֻֿ˶á
ֱֵͷá̫ūȥˣ̫Ӹ̷һ
Ҫߣü΢˵ͷӦáá
СӦꡰáֱ㲻ǶӺҲ׷¡
޵űϣڱð
򴽿ֻ԰׵֣ס
ͷһԣ߻ָۿߵˡ
ɫ԰ףϲȾ˿Ѫɫüƺܼʹࡣ
ҧ´˫սЩ֡
ͷ΢ᣬСűáƭҡ

30

⺮Х, һ÷
޵ڣɴһļҷ, ͷϵķδ
, ֻֽţڴϵ̫ӵɻԲѣüͷ塣
ߴ̷Ů, лϴþߣһ׻ѡ
վڵ⣬ڵһ㶯
ǰϲɢ, ȥ, Ѿһʱ䡣
ʱڣһ޵, ƺҶ˻ڵڵ̫ӵº̫
ɫѰ, һơ
ߴ޵š
̧ͷȥ, Ӧһ
ƿ, Юĺ
ȼŵ, ůġ
һ, ˲Юڵһξ룬ĪЩ⡣
֧, ̧ͷͿɿˡ
Ůһװ, ٸ߸üĿЩѵЦ
, ϴˡ
ȻţԼժ˸ͷ
һֱȣûôעʱߴ, ΢΢˶
һ۱òɬ
̫ˣǰһֱȣûôо²žòЩܡ
ߴ΢΢̧ͷСɫ죬Լµԭ
˻֣üŮǰǻϴǿţɷġ
Ůǵһԡ
۵ͷ˿ȣüͷţҲ
״̬Ӹղžûкת
֪ˣȥüЩˡתͷԸ
ŮһʱЩòע⡣
ůģ̫ţ
ߴ΢΢üü΢£Щ͡
תŮǷԸ
Ů˳⣬þͱżӻ
ǰѱӸǵϣԼֽҴãŮȥ
δһȷժͷѾӡһۡ
ԵŮĬطš
ˮȣƣ
ۻһ»صڣߴȻڵۻͷ
ϵĸСɽӣĿ⿴ǶѸգգۡ
е
۵ͷ˿ڴϵȣȻһûôʳ
ʳŤͷߴơ
һֱţҪã
šһЩʳӦҲûðɡ
ʳߴƺЩɣû
ܿ죬Ǳʳһ
һŮض࣬ڴǰװιʳģ
Ҩ˼ףȴûһιȥġ
üţҪڣȴŮתŸߴƵá߹ùã²ʳ
Ǳ١
ʲô
ߴƻδ˵㱻ϡ
̧ͷֻۣСֱؿѯʣǿ
ߴҪڽ͡
ȴǰŹڵϵŮֱӵáҡ
ԡŮѡ
۲ֽӹֱ࣬׵á㲻ιࡣ
ĻʱŮѪɫʧ˴롣
˵һԣͷٳ
۶أҨһ࣬ιȡ
˻ţǲóԶġ
۾ĵزɾȻιһס
Ҳ꣬ĵιࡣ
ϵʳЩˣ۲Žιһࡣ
ǳ˶ȵɫúЩ
Ƶ΢΢䴽
ܳ¶ͺá
ߴƳĬһԿţȵһιַ꣬Ը˷ˡ
һߴƼû˵ʲô
ǽʰɾŮǷ׷׵ͷ˵ߴƵ
ҹЪϢˡū澻ᰲżѾڵ⣬ʲôҪ󾡹ܷԸ
ڴرߣŸߴƵĻ
˿ϵȣֻһڵ
ڵֻôһŴһ齶ûУֻдεڷ齺Ρ
΢΢ü˵ʲôֻ̧ͷŸߴáţȥɡ
һһ뿪ڵĸűţ᣷¡
ȼţơ
۵ͷЩŵؿȡ
ֻһŴǵûа취չ
ߴ˱üӣ˸ϣһϲࡣ
һŴϰϲͷ
۵ͷָЩԥ
ķЩǺХûɵؾЩ¡^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^
ҹķЩ˵ģһİĵط
ȻڴϣüţȾЩѪɫҲָЩȶȡ
ֻǿȻûʲôʶ
ĹӳںɫĴϣڵʮְ
һֽܵ⿪ѵ´
С̽Դ濴ȷڴϵûзӦŵߡ
˯࣬ЬӣСϴβ
һ£Ҫ̧ۿһȡ
̶һξ룬Ҳ֪˶ٴΣ㰲Ȼɵࡣ
ڵůͣȻЩǻܡ
һ˶ϲȣ֡
ָᰴȵü䣬һ㸧ƽü塣
£õġ
Ȼƭ˵ԼãǾһá
ֽͷ¶ԵùֽֽչĨƽ
СıСֽסֻ֡
գֽУƺɢ˿˿ζ
ȫü۽䣬ۣߡ
ɺХƺûôˡ
⣬ߴվá
ȷڵ˶Ъ£̧ͷոǲ̷Ů
ȥ
ߴûָգǺܿ콫ոιŮȥ˳ס첻һ
Ů۾Ҫģȴֻڷ¡
ʣµŮǽͷøͣҷһԡ
ߴɨһú£Ȼǵ³
ǣ߹ùá

峿ɫĹڴƶһ
ͷز˲䣬ۣһڴչһ¡
һ̧ȴȻԱߵĶ
Ťͷȥ̧۾ͶһǷĲ
֮䣬΢΢ޱߵ鷢
鷢Ʈ£ɨ۵ϴϸ΢⡣
գգۣգգۡ
ǰûʧ˵ϣһȵֱۡ
Сһŵþ쿴ȣֿ˿Լŵλá
һϲһߣϸһϲ
żӡ
Ըȵϵġ
еôലʵȡ
Щյصͷ̧Сؿһȡ
ûѣǡϵЩҡ
Ůˣֻôһ¡
𣿡
ȻѾߵ۸Ӧͷּ΢ڡ
һ࣬ϲչԼϡ
ֿ˿΢ҵڣСĵؽ£ãӶá
ڵѾŲ
ѾСصáˡ
ΣСű𣬡ţɡ                    
лҪ˵ҵһ״̬Ӹ
ÿ¡Ϊԭ򣬸ոǿܵ㲻һ¡
취ȵȥĶȻ㿪Ŀ¼ҳ·Կһ£Ŀ¼ҳһĶ

31

Ѿƿ, ͷɻԵ̫ӵ£ϽĿƿСĵؿۡ
, ū𴲡
СѾ߽᣹, ۾
ۿһȡ
ϵıӺúõģ·Ҳúõģʲô
Сĵغһ, ɴӴβĵطȥ
ովһ̧۱㿴һˡһȥжŶ
ϴþ, , һ׾»ѡ
ȻţΪʲôôˣ
߹ù˵, ̫, кܶطӦ, ҪǺúչ, һ©
߹ùá, ԾҹǸЦŮӡ
ź, ܾЩԡ
ҹǸѾι˲, ǹƵ, ƫƫ֡
һʱ벻̫ҲЩѾڡ
꣬, Ǳ㽫Ŷ
ŮǰҪιȣڴߣŮҪǰ, ֵáҰɣι
ūǷڵ£ɽģū澶ԴŮڵ˵ţͷȵض롣
û£ͺá
ûô࣬ǾԼࡣ
ЩѾߣЩԼ˵ĵִ
ɡ߹ù˵ˣﶯ֣ҹŮһ³
һ³ҹŮôˣüʵ
ЩŮڿǸ߹ùã֪߹ùöľЩʲô
Ŭڼһ
̵²ģū澴ʮӣѾϳ̫ӸﾡɷģԺ̫Ӹٲ㲻ĵˡ
δ
ߴƵĻûֻڳһʵ
Ůģ˸ˡ
̧ͷȥֻߴڵſڡ
װһ㣬޲̵»ŮӦˣĪҪʱ
ߴƵĻǺģ֮һС
ĪҪŮǰҷҪιأ
СķڵŮͷ͵øЩ
ߴ̧ͷ۶ϡ
ո»飬۴һɫȹҲƫɫ
ɫʯĶ׹ڶߣĵüѩ
СһûκΥ͸УԵ÷绪˫
ߴƱһڸǽ֦Ҷɡ
Ϊ̫Ը÷Լķʲô𣿡
ۺãߴƶһ˲ͷҡҡͷҡȻԷ̵£ūԲ
㻹ݸ
һ仰ЩŮӶ˶Ͻǰ
ֽӹͷҹһϸιࡣ
ȫȻϣûע⵽ߴȻ̧ͷ
۵ͷϸιģһ˪
ͲЦһԵøˡ
Ѿע⵽Ĳԣ׷׵ͷҳһ
Ѳҹǰ䣬˽ıӱߣͷϸҴá
ͷޱߵ鷢ȶ߻λƣʱĶʱԶ롣
һһµģûʱΡ
ֻҪһƺ׵
۾ЩȣҴãϽ
˿һɨȵĶּ뿪
ŵ̫ӵºƺһ˲䣬ָͽ͵ػָ
ҹһҹķ磬ʹǰҲţҪѩӡ
űڵڴߣŻһҳһҳطš
ڵúܣСڴ߿ϵžϢ
ڵű죬̧ͷȥ˭
áҡ
۱֪˭
С骣Щ˵ص
Сһ̫Ӹġ
ټ̫ӸҲֻСϤġ
û°ɣСһڵϸϸһû²ŷ
ҹǰ棬һҹüۣ˳ע۸ۡ
˵͹ϵС֪ҹжá
ҹУʲôߵֻ֣֮к벻á
߹ù˵Ҫأҹб۸
۳ŵʱ佫С骵˵һ顣
ߴƱԸǰźֻ˵Ҫ̹ء
׹˼۵̫ݣιһֻͬ⡣
ģǲ۸ҵġǰҲһ̫ӸԺ̫ӵµʳӶλ߹ùڹܡǻʺˣ̫ӸвǴӹвˣ̫ҽפУ˵Ϊչ˵¡
ʵĿģҲֻЩԼ
֮ǰұ˵̫Ӹ
̫ӱҪסȴӲһ̫Ӹס˹⡣
˴ιأ̫Ӹѱࡣ
ĿΪչ̫ӵ¡
ۼǵ常˵Ļ֪̫Ӹ˲š
С骻˵һЩ˵á߹ù˵ҪһճϦ¡
鶨إˣձǳϦ
Ҳ̫Ӹõһꡣ
ߴѾڴε۳ȥϼӡ
Ǹ߹ùðŵĿһЩšû⣬ū澱˰ȥ
дú꾡һаŵý
۷ŲϸϸţѾ̧ͷһۣЦáģ߹ùðǾģϲﲻġ
ﻹû꣬ʲôСһ˻ȥ
Ѿɫһ࣬Щѹȥǣūçײˣ𷣡
̧ͷǵͷϴѾߣֿ˿еĲӡ
ÿһˣƺҪǰǿߴжãྡľ
ƫƫĲһ
ù׼úܺã㰴˵ȥɡ
۽ӵݻȥûж˵ʲô
ѾһߣС骱üʵ¶߹ùõġôǡ
С骣һẰС骵Ļ
ߴҪ£ƫƫ˲ӹԼ֡
ܸоߴƶе⣬ֵΪʲô
ʲôȵ˵ֻҪ
ֻҪǲʲô֮£װʲô֪
һչúܿ죬ڵֿ죬ȵǶ˳ȥڵֻʣۺˡ
Ӱ΢Σ۱ŵ߳硣
ѾҪ·£ˡ
ܾãʴӡ
СҹһӴβ굽ࡣ
ıƽطţȥֹ˹ɹӹԼϡ
ŹסһӼһ
Сͷ˿ˣѵض˶ӣųɹȥ
۱ܿȣİࡣ
¡
С¡
۰ĵ˯ţﻹԼο϶Ҷ
ڵһƬڰ
£Ӽһıӽ򿪣һ˫Сִ
ܿ굽һůĵط
ıӱһԣһССӰꡣ
ı۱ߵˣͷϲ˲䣬ü䣬ϵľѺ֣С˯øЩ

32

δ, һһı
ʵرѣ۾࿴ȥ
һ̧, ëɨԷ, ֻ
Сһ۾۴΢ţȵĲ
͵, סԼͣͷɴ۾ȣۿɼر졣
, ˡ
ıһ, ϵıӱó롣
£¶һ˰̵ıԵ
˰̿˼Ӿˡ
˿, ƺЩطͬЩԥ, ָѾ, Ȼ
, 𣿡
һָ, ̧ͷӦһ, ˣɡ
˵Ĺ, СѾԼı
С骹, ϵ˸˯Լλϣָ֮ǳӺƵġ
һ˯ѵ, С骵ķ³ڵ
ʮ˼ͷ˱, ͼϲ졣
ȵ磬ⱬܼЩһضżꡣ
䣬һµĲȣһûθڡ
̧ۿһڵķĬĬصͷ
Խ죬ͺ©˸ӣŷ硣
ǰʱһΧ常ߣһڳŲˣΪϦҹ׼
ڣϵֻһˡ
̫ҽֻ˵Щ滰ǿ֪޲ߡ
ԪסԼСԺڵ̫Ӹ˶˵ûа취ˣŽҩԼԺ
۲Щ˿ûѵļҲЩҡ
Ѳˣ֮󻹻һδ֪Ļԡ

Сһغţ̧ͷȥЩãʵáôˣ
߹ùʣǳһҲŵӡǻŵ񵥣Ҫûʲôס
š
Сһѣ۲źȻл¡ȣһʱջš
ǴḮ޵ģʢˡҪţȥҡ
ңʹҲҪҡ
񵥱ԵȻ۵ͷѾ߿顣
ϸϸ񵥣ȷûʲô⣬ŷ¡
ߴ뿪С骲ŵáǲڵջŵ£ģһȥ۸ġ
̧ͷЦЦû£Ҳ£Ҫġ
۸ֻǡ
ȻԣվֻԼһ˻ˡ
ʱһЩ
һֱƻʱ֣δϹ
һֱڵһϣŻһҳһҳطš
ɫڵ߶
ߴáóˡ
Ϧ֮ҹȻǸӷʢ
ߴƺŮһԣֻһϣһӷʢĲȡ
汬̫Ӹȴúܡ
£¶źҲ˶
һжǰģ̫Ӹȴһ˿ϲ⡣
һ̧ͷߴƣҹʱҪűΪ׼
ⰲģҪűӡ
ǰ常ҹʱǶź̽Դ常ȥű
죬Ϧҹˡ
»ţ̫֣Ӱ쵽±㲻ˡߴƵͷ͡
ü
̫Ӹһֱܰǽյıƽʱûʲô
㰲·𡭡һĹƵġ
۸ԺǸجһĳŸߴƵáϾǳϦҹǵʶҲҪһһֵաȥ׼һ£÷̫á
˵꣬ߴȴû
վԭأͷá֪ܲ²ϲʶǲԸġ
ִһ٣ߴʼյͷ˵첻û
ū澸еӣʵȴ۵Ļ
ⲻǵһˡ
ߴӣԺܹܣǺԺլĹܼҷˡ
۷¿ӣٿߴƣ߹ùãһҪ˽𣿡
Сƽ
ߴȴü
źһԵѾЩ
⣬ô
˭ܱ̫˽̫ӵأ
ţߴֻ̧۱ܿģ
ɫȹѹסСķ绪δ̧ȴһ˿¶
ƣȺ
ֱһ̣ߴƺȻʶǰ˿Ҳ̫ѹһͷ
ū澲ҡߴ˫ϥأӶȥҪűū˰žǡδѣزᱻġ
㡭С̲סǰŭ⡣
ߴ⻰˵ҹﲻ˼̫ӣΪ
סС骣ûѺĻ˵
ͷŵĸߴƣӲ
ߴǻʺˣ񴦴Լѵǻʺ˼
Լ
ۻûüǸͷȻһŲ
ǽŲۺȻת
źͷıŲ
֪ʲô
ĽŲԽԽ̷Ů϶¶飬ǰĸߴƶ̧ͷ־ϲؿ档
½ǣֻðӶˡ
ȻЩһͷˡ
󿴣ҼһֻĻþ
ǽŲͣߴſھҪ˵ʲô
ûȵڣȴ˵˵
ôµ̫ҪʲôҪͬ𣿡
˰סС֣ԼС
̧ͷȥһ۱ȿĿ⡣
һ̧ͷһͷŶԷ
ڰù֣̲סҪһԼ
֪ǲġ
ûס͡һЦ
ֱСˣָֻסϵ⣬󣬡ôҿģ
ȵָЩ۵մ˿˿⡣
ü۴ЦеӳźµС
գգֱۣһ۾ۣǰ˻ǰ
յ֣СáҲǼٵģˣһңҡ۲ۡ
Ȼֹ
һֱĬŵСȻֱסȣһֻֻţ͵ֱȵͷҲš
Сӣ̲סűáΪΪ㻹Ҫܾòѡ
ԣΪԼˣԼˡ
ȿڿ˵û£ȴԼġ
£ƫƫ־²ܶκ˵
Щ㶵رţͷֻܿһë׵ԴСﻹűӣҪˡ
ЦһҲֱסۣˣҵĴôãҶУɱٿ޳Сèˡ
ȻСӣɾˡ
ûޡɿ̧֣ͷȣۿЩ죬ȷʵûޡ
ţûޣҵСèˡЦ۵ͷ
̧Ŀȴһ˲ñ䡣
һ˯ӣ̫ӸĹضˡ̫Ļ𣿡

33

̫û, ̫ӸѾڿһ̶ûӦ
ֱǾĻڵΧһ̷Ů׷׹ȥͷҡ
ߴƹ, ̧ͷ, ûǾʵĻˣ, ȥ̫ҽ
ߴƵļƼٵġ
ϲ־ȥѰ̫ҽ
𣿡
ոհصعȥϥǿڵϷˡһ, ͺۡ
۱һ, תȴֻһֱ, Ҳúܡ
סȵ, СִŸȡů, ȥ, 㴩̫ˡ
ŵ, һҲȷʵ̫Щ
Сֻż䲻, һʱҲЩڵµŮǡ
תҲûȥЩˡ
̫Ӳ, ȻҲ, ֻһֱš
һ·ڵȥߴ΢̧ͷǰܿЯıӰ, ָ׺ݺУߴŬԼ侲һ˫ӻǴ˶⡣
۲֪˿, һ·ǣȻڵһɣܵ³ѡ
żѾߣһһ߶á¿컻ѣѲٶˡ
۽ѱţǰݡ
ȵͷ˿ѣ̧ͷ˿ۣʵáʲôݣ
̫ôˣ۲ΪʣЩ¶طʡ
ҡҡͷָָЩѣҵӣķһѡ
ӡĴʣ˵Ĳ
۱ѵȴսͷȥȣЩ޴ضԼż⣬Ҳ˻ѡ
ӻ£۴δ
ոգҲδй뷨
˵Ҳûϵͬˡ
û£ỻҽ㡣кܶʱ䡣
ҧءʱ䡱֣ܾùֵֹģûпԷģ̧ͷĿһȣֿٵصͷ
ã㣬ֱſ
С˵ͰͣЩŵذѷŵϣͷƵžҪۡ
ƫƫôקҲק
۵ͷק͸żֲȵļͷĦš
ȻһֻƸס֡
ûͷŴֻֽ۵Լ䣬ֻصá㻹û
һ˵꣬۵˴롣
˵ȴòǼɵۡ
ǰĴһɣܽ⿪
ƫƫվں棬Ʋϵġ
ֻǵҪվȴȫȻҪȽ⿪´
ȵͷܿԼĦŵһ˫С֡
´ã⿪Ҫᡣ
۵ֶ˶٣ɿƵǰ棬ֺץס
ץ֣һ⿪´˵ˣһ㡣ʲôľʡ
úܣȴԼֱյøЩ
ҪԼЩġ
´⿪ۿȻҲࡣ
·Ҫ˳࣬СƵ󣬽Ѵãƻǰϵ´
ʼյͷȵĽǶȵҲ顣
ֱʱ۵ֺȻץסսЩҵصȵţ̧ͷؿȣ¡
Ͱͣġ
ƫУʲô

ճڣͱǰ˵ɻȥˡ
ЩίؿȣЩǵָҵģҪ¡
ǰչѽ
̫ӣ˵Ļǹءúҡ򣬾
һһٵ˵֡
۴ظ˺üΡ֣̽ſڣ򡭡
üһ֣ڵȻ˳á£ˣ
ǶŰ
ҹûأȳȥԷɡ۳ûӿǸ⡣
ŰͷţȿСƵ飬󷢴ȱطſĳС֡
һߣŮȻţҲҶ
ߴӸüͣ¶ĲԵЩ
ȿҲûһۣǴĶıͻȥʱ֮ǰвʶȤģ㲻ˡ
ŵ˼ԡ
ЩŮ׷׹ڵϣ̧ͷ뿪ġ
ɢǣصáսͣȻɲһ´ſڵĻᡣ
δڵɤܿ˽ŮǶȥ
Ƿ׷׻ŸߴƣҿģȴϣߴΪѰᡣ
ߴһǿһʱҲҶ֡
Ͼǻʺ͵̫Ӹеˣ׵ˣ˭֪᲻ᰵﱻ
ͣٵĹ򣬸ߴѾվ̧ͷȣĹ⣬£ǻʺչ˵£ҪߣǷȸ˵һ
ߴûʺѹȡ
ǣСʳߣִӸۼвˡ
Űȥ̻
һ߷Ըһ߶۳Է
̧ͷ˿ߴƣĿϣߴĵ·̴ܴ˵Ĺͷ
ߴƲģ£㲻ңǻʺġ
ʺץסһľȣش
ڰŰͷؿ˿ߴƣǻʲôҪԶ𣿡
ŰǸߵģԶ֣ɾͲôˡ
һӱѣϽŸߴȥ
ߴȴһܵߣ˫ϥأץȵ½ǣۿ˲ʪ󣬡£ҺòãҲµģֻ㰡ֻҪ㰡
ߴ˵У͸ŷ
ǲҪˣ˵Ļ
۵ͷߴƣŸߴ滨ӣĪЩˡ
ԼΪʲôˡ
벻̧ͨͷȣȴҲ
Ŀ⵭Ȼ·𿴲űߵǸˣʵáۣϲ𣿡
·ֻҪ۵ͷߴƾ
ߴҲϣؿۣǿЦݣ£ºòã
ô߰ˣȴ˲ԼİǣֻΪ¡
ۺȻҿߴơ
ͷս˫֣Сȵҡҡͷ
ϲߴƣȻ֪Ϊʲô
̫õ˻ʲôŰ˽ӻعǰ
ӹˣǱӻع
ߴƳ̱ڵϣûд󺰴УֻǴؿȡ
ȥϳʱȻЦָȵáҪһжʧģҪһҲΪˣȣôͲأõһУ
Ļסߴһȥ
Щʧؿߴʧķ
ߴƵ仯̫ˣ쵽һӷ
ǻʺˣͻعУ֮ˡ
֮ʲô³˵
ЩŮŻôߴƲŻô
ֲֹˡ
ؿȣǰСѾװ˲ˣֵ˵ĶͷѿӷŵС
ôࡣ̫Ӹ㲻ϲǱߡ
ǾʻҲڸЩ̫֡ӸԺֻ̫
˭̫ãǱ̫Ӹ
ģЩԷ극Ҵȥ
۵עɹתƣؿȡ
ȳԷ극͸㡣
¼ţ۱㲻ߴƵ¡
ԹԵصͷԷʱʱҲһ˷ŵ
ԷĹԺѾһŮ
ЩŮҲֻһߣǰ̡
̫Ӳڣǲš
ߴƾ³
໥вˣԼֳԷһʱǻصڰƴʱ
˴ţֻ
Ű׼̻ڵ⡣
ۼҹȲ̧ʾŰ
ǣСߣյ⣬յϵı̻һը졣
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һ°ɫĶվ£ͷϸؽϵá
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ƿ⿴ﶼǺ
ǰڰƴ壬Ϧҹûоֵġ
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üЦţҲƻ飬סָ棬һ߶áҸطͣ¡
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ֱһĹ˳һɫۣüĿüۼȾǵЦ⡣
й̲ס߿ҹɫǹԼǲǿˡ
ǹȴܱ˵Ŀ⣬վڳϣ
΢ΣŮӵ⡣
գһ
Ա̲סй̾
ԭλӵɾûлˡ
Щ̾Ҳ뿪ˡ
ͣԭ߿֪˭̲סá̫ӵ£
һ˱˳˵ĿؿĿ֮Ⱥۡ
˶֪̫ӵ»ţȴ֪
һ̫Ŀ⡣
ŲԶ˶ûߡ
Цźǰ˵Żһͬʱ󷽡
ȺҲһϳȡ
⡭ʲôʱѵģ
ʳ˵ûȤΪǽ
ͷ۵ĶǣתЩС̯ߡ
ܱߵ˷׷Ծÿ
ԭźܶ˵̯һӿŤͷ˿ЩǰǣĴȻ۾һͷЦŶȵáµȵңȥһ
С̫ż˲ܳƺ¡֡
ѵûƽϣ֣ȥ
ܵòԶֻͣһС̯ǰ
ȻͷԼ̯ӣ̯ϰŲľ
أʤھɡ
һɨȥĿͣһ֧𻨷ϡ
ľͷɣͷ׺Ź𻨺ͼƬҶɫĹʢ֦ͷƺŵ˿˿Ļ㡣
С۾ҲúܣȿǷϽá£֧һ֧ҪС͸
СܴûȥǿжྫƯֻ˵һ֧
һ仰㹻ˡ
ùӣöŰǮ
ðյĶҲûҪ
ǱѾãЦܻ˻еĶ£㿴ǾͲ±ϳ
ߣһĿϻһǿͰ͵Сӡ
תϵķ־Ҫӹϻߣȴһ㣬ߵǰ
£ġ
Ͱ͵ߵǰ˿ֿ˿Ŀϻҵģ
ʹ˵ͷ԰һûдϻءҾߺѽ²ϲ𣿡
Сϲϻ־Ӻϻ䣬ȱߵӵߡ
Ա仰ߣ׷һѺ
˭๫ϲ߰ôġ
²ۣ˭֪һ߾ͱ˹ȥ
Ҵϡ
ûоûоÿЦȷǳЦ۸ߡ
ߣ۾ƵŽŽϵϵá
ڸ£ӵòȴû̫Υ͸С
ÿ𣿡
ƻǰ棬ؿ˿һ䣬̲סЦ
Ⱥ˫סգЦ
ϧߣӣһǿװװͰ͵ӡ
͡һۻ̲סЦ
£Ҫǻɡ
ʵҲЩģ˭֪ܾ
ء
ùϻߣ⿪ϵ˫Ƶ۵ĺףϻشϡ
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۾Ͷ۾ƣܿӳĺ
СƵרעͫɢŵǹ⡣
ȵͷȻսЩۣ㺰Ĵε£Ƿǵû
ͳȵϢ۶ֻ࣬ö̵
ԼˣŲش
ҲΪǣǰߣߣȥ
ǾĳϦҹҹ
߸ߵıÿһ㶼ֵصɮˣֻ죬ÿһĹµĵڵ
Ⱥ۴ߣһ·ߵǰҲʶǡ
ƽİһŵȴһ˲䡣
ܱ߶ߺȵСĿȻؿԶ
һСϿŲݹ˱Ǻ«
ովһȺСӾΧ˹ȥ
ЩСģ˲Ǻ«ǰŲŵǺ«ԽԽ٣Щżˡ
̧žҪǰߣȴȻ˹סصáһ͸Ǻ«
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۹ɴ۾ȣǺ«Ҫˡקȵ䣬Ͱ͵ص
װͰ͵ϻߣ˵Ļ
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СԽԽίﶼҪһᣬſͰ͵ġ
ƫƫǸʯĳġ
üͷһ£ۿڡ
Ǻ«ÿɿˣۼֻʣһһСڲӽ
۵ɴ۾תͷȣһģžʹյȵĶߡ
ĴϲСȵĶ
ССصá򣬷
һɣۻûüߣ첽ܵǺ«ǰ
ͳǮС֮ǰһǺ«
Ǻ«˿˿ģҧһţͷЦſȡ
⡱һ졣
ء̻ʢš
ϵĵһһֱĵȼ
ԭһӱ
໥أף֡
ѾڻڿУ·һ˲
Сܵǰͷ·ǹ⡣
̻ʢţȵͷС
С΢΢ſڣ̻ڸһ䡣
֡
Χ·һ˲ʧ̲סЦֱסۣͷáۣ֡
ԭ֡ĸҲԺ                    
лҪ˵6k

34

̻ɢ, Ⱥɢȥ
̫ӸƵ̫Ӹȥһ·ߵֻ
ںЩײؼš
̲סֹáĪǳʲô, ߵô
ڵҲ̲סƿ⿴, òһ۾ܱǸոպ˵λӡ
µûǰЯһСҴһؼҡ
ع˽ҹ̫ѵϢͻᴫ, в˹ꡣ
ƽȵ߹һֵ̫ͣӸǰ
ҲͣϸϸǰĶ
Űڳ, Ƶһ, ջĿţȫûѳ˵˼
, ȱĿС, ϥ, ϸźʵĴ, лһӡ
ͣµĶûо, ֪εʲô, ССЦš
۱㿴ЦݣСձߵľѺ, 鷢СıǼ⴦
ƺ̫, СﲻüҪ鷢
鷢£ȵرǼ⡣
ѭ˼, 鷢ǲĵشڱǼϡ
ȹЦһָͷҪ, Ȼ춯
ֿڳڣءӵ
СԻѳ˯еˡ
ã۾̧ͷ˿ȣֿ˿ԼϵĴ멣˯𣿡
ţûߵһ룬˯ˡƣڻĿˮ
ɷµչԼӣ۾͵𣬿ͷ۸ԺЩ
ץסȵϸϸؿһ飬ûпˮĺۼ̽ذǼգûսԴͱ˵һ¡
Ⱥε۵
ӳ־Ͱ۵ĶϣزذţˮôܵĲԼ
⻰۱Լֱƭˡ
Щȵ֣ĹĵؿƭҡҲˡ
ˮҲƭ֪ܶ
仹ǰ
СʵʵǾ䡰
ü־۵ϴ
СͿЦݣƲȻǾ׼ҵѵλã΢΢ȥ
ЦһЦ
ͲЦӲص˵ŻҪתȡ
ŶĻҵСҲҪķˡȻⷢʲôˡ
˵ţó֧ľְϡֻҪһľͻѡ
̲סؿһ۾ͿͷϵĹ𻨣С۾ָ˶ûǰ졣
¾ҪǸ׽ҵģҲӦҪ
ɷµ˵ţĿⲻʱƮľϣߣװԼһҲϲ
ŤٴαסЦЦ͸ˣɴŤĲȥȡ
֪ԼͷˣסЦָתľת־ͽľ嵽۵ķ䡣
ɫĹ𻨲˿䣬ƺܴӯӯ
֣ȵĺ۵Ķ࣬ס۵ֻƷ۵ǰ
һסС֣žһʹԼġ
˾ʹңƭҲңҲԴҡԼĵġ
һһ䣬ǸĻ۵Ķ
ͷֻƣ־ȵһ¡
᲻أƵġ
ˣҴˣ͵ǸˣҲƽˡ
Сݵúܣ˵תӿȣ¶ЦҺϲлл
ллظ
գ۾Ȼָ棬ոպ˵ǳȥɡ
ôԵתעѵûмƽϡ
УǷš
˵꣬ƺҲıﲻסˣٴá֣Īǻ˯ˡҹǡ
泳
ӵĻȻϡ
ƿǣ۵̧߳ͷһԵӡ
һۣͷϹº͵ЦݣһƹȥһĶŵĹӵܡ
̧ͷȣվǰĹâ
һ˲ͷáܹػֲرºͻʺ֪ʮֻϲ
ܳƺΪֵģֻ֮һˡ

۱Ⱥƣò뾩
һҲǵѡ
ֻ̫ѷ⣬Ĵ
ȷǰ˭
ڴǰѯȵ顣
Ѿǿ
ûȣ̫֮λǰ϶ˡ
ϧ̫ˡЩͶֻ½ҹ͵ߡ
̣ʱڹ꣬ϽظɱЩ˾õȡ
˵꣬Ҳǣ۾ߡ
̫ӸĴšءһϣһ׻˵
紵½ǷɣϵЦݾʧ̫ӸҺһЦת
Σ˵ǻعⷵա
ͲţյͻȻã
̫Ӹ⣬еߡ
̫ӸڣҲû˯
ڵЩ谵ڵ
۱һӣ޹ؿȡ
ȵ˴룬ڴأקűһǲš
̫Ҫִַ𣿡ȹɤ
˿ĵػظϴҪ˯Ⱦؿ۱ıӣڿ˵Ҫȥμ˯
ģ˾Ҫִ
ûС֮ǰΪ㻹ţ³ʲôšѽҵ˯Ҳ԰
۲ʲôԡ
е㵣ġ
ǰһ˯ãڲ֪Լ˯ô

뵽Ǹ۸ᶨҪִ˯
һקűһһק˹ȥ
־ͰѱӵϣͰСﱧԼˣֻһˡ
ǣСȥһСͷָе˵š
ȱǿӲ˵УȻ뵽ʲô۵΢΢ɣȻȥ˯ɡҲ֪ʲôʱֻ˯㲻ڣҲʡõˡ
ûǿӲ⻰˵úϸе
ۺ̧ܿͷ޴קȵӣ㲻Ҫ˵ѣôᡭ
˭֪أϴ۱۸ȥӭףû۸ͷµӾͻԹȥ˵Ҳᡭ
Ȳ˵ȥˣͷ۵ֿį
ӷ۸޴롣
ԥ˺һŷסȵ֣Сá˯Ҫ˯ͬıӣ㲻ҶҪҶҲҪҸϻȥ
ȵͷסЦ̧ͷصͷģҺֱġ
ֱ̫ӵ˵ű֤ĵذѱӼ˻ƽ̵ࡣ
Сܵ棬⿪ѡ^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^^O^
ڵֻϵӰӺԡ
ȰڴߣŲ͵ͷװŻ
СﴵԶЩŵߵβ֮ǰһࡣ
ӣ۽ԼŹţıӡ
˯˵ġ
ҹСһֱš
áȹϵذѻӵһߣߵ
£ץסҪջص֣ţ˯ɣڡ
С֣۵ͷۡ
ĺȣСӷҺһҲϯ
ڵֻкĺ
ۿԵСЦᳶıӣһ죬ͽСԼ
˯ֻЩȣܵǰŲ־ͱסԴ
ıӹˣҹɫ˶˯ȥ
ߴʱ߳Ѥõĳϼ
һը죬˻ڳ˯еǡ
žıǷ׷ӭĵһ졣
һУ͵ؾѹ
ۿֻ࣬Ȼţƽȡ
Ằá£
ߵûκηӦ
۾ɴЩȣظźá£¡
ȶû
ֻĻŵ־´ȥ溰ˣжͱ§˻ȥ
û£磬˯Ƚ۱Լο
Ŷ˵ŵȥ
Щش˴ȵĸ첲ƭңһΪ
Ϊϴˡ
ģġ۵ıƽ
汬죬ϲҲ۵ĵǡ
ԹȻ۾˯һ
ȵܿë׵ԴѹסĿڵʹСı
Ǽ¡ֻ˯ȥˡ
ãˡ
һͣ
˯һǱ޷ߡ
ʱĹŵ䣬Ѿߵķ´ѳȥ
ѱţϷԲԲɫͬиɫĸ㡣
Ůǽʳϱͷ˵һԡ
ҨһŰ׹ԲŵЦŵáһԲԪ⡣
ԪأӶະСЦŵǿԲԲȥ
۹죬
ԲҲȫ
Ǵŵģۺǣֳ̫Ӹ
̫Ӹͣͼ䶫
Сշźã۷ȵϱ̿ˮģů޵̺ӡ
ȻԵͻʢʲôʱʹʲôʱ򡣡
ȻңҲҪЩһԷ
۵ͷӦЩɻ󣬡ҹҪμӹ𣿡
һ磬׹ЯŮ빬μӹ硣ȶġ
Ϊι磬̫Ӹżһͱ̤ˡ
Ѿϣֱȥ
Ž͵ͷ
ʢʱҲǸ˵ġ
ƽȵţһֱֻţһֻŻ
ȱţ̧ͷüΣֵͷԥŲ֪òÿڣöûһҳ
˵ʲô
ܸо޵Ŀ⣬ۿСǡú۵Ŀϡ
ۺϻ뻹ǿڵá£һ𣿡
ܣ㺰ҷҿԿǿǡȹϵؾܾ
۹ͣקקȵӣǳƺ⡣棬˵ʱҺºòã
û˵ʱأҹأüʵ
Һ
ۿ˺һۼͣ£ɴһۣá
Сۣ̽۾նһ㱡ۡ
˵ˡ
Щȵӣ£Ӧ
ǴвӦĵ
ãǵԺû˵ʱҪʳԡ
ģسŵˡСüص
̲סЦݵصһ۵Ķͷǣ
õϢˡ
ͣ£±ź˶ˡ
ʯ֮ϣţһϵ˳Ͻʯߡ
ۺȸովѾʯףЦŵá΢̫ӵ¡
Ҳµ
ɨһȦûڡ
Щ˾̧ͷ
紵Щ
Щʣ뿪˵ЩʲôƵصáôֻܿ𣿡
Ƴʣȴȳʸѿ
͵ʶԣ־ʰ΢̫ﰲá                    
лҪ˵5k

35

̫, ﰲá
ºһ
Χ·İ̲סͣ½ŲΧۡ
ҹв˵̫Ϣǰǲš
Ӷ̫Ӳ, Ǳ㲻ֱӡ
ôõһϷ, ֵ˿
紵촦ëɣëɨǼ⣬̲סǷһ
, ôˣ䵽ˣ
ԣô, ºﲻȥ, ʲôǽȥ˵²ۻش𣬱˵
С, ˵ֿЦǾǴˡ
û, Ŀȫ۵, ͷ, Ӧá
Ȼ֮, ӭ˽ȥ
չ, ҪȥŮ졣
£Ů춼ѵ
Ϸվм, Ϻˡ
, ˲ֲͣұ¶
ԶĽŲһЦա
ҹҵĵ, ûһ˯õġ
˵̫ӻգƫƫ۳޺ĵڶվ˹һš
ԭĴ䵽Լ, ɲøϽЦֺô
»գϴȻɫȹһͷǺ챦ʯ׺С
ɫĵСɫѩףϸϸüǹǧ绪˲ɼ
ϵЩ񣬻ϷȷӦá̫𰲡
𰲡
Ů׷׵ͷʰ
ۿǣ߹ǳǳЦǰסϷˣϷ˶ˡ
ûΪѣû䳰ȷĵѶûС
Ϸ˷ŹȵЩѹе̧ͷЦŵá溮ٰñò㣬ȥɡ
ǳЦͷ
ǰߣʼչЦݡ
㿴ǵǸ᲻ܲ˵Сˡ
ٰðһ̤ȥ񵱳һҿ
ע⣬ȻҲûƺޱ仯ٰʵ粻統
ÿͬȴ֮
ϸܲ඼֮ǰڳӡ
ֻҪٰһΣϾ뵽ЩʵʵʧǮ鱦ϵЦݱôҲҲס
ٰãõһ㣬Ҷ˵ϵĿ׻ʺá
ʼչǳǳЦ󷽡
ڻǰ˵ظӡ
ҲֻһλŶѣ۲Ըֵ̫
Ͻ̸ģׯ󷽵Цš
ϷýԽԽܸоεͲԽľ롣
ڲܳϷ˱ŲĻ˵š
˵϶Ȼ̧ͷţǲСʵáô㣬Īҹ˺ˣ
ƹĻϵͺȥ
ȷʵ岻ʣȥһҽ˳ɢɢģ·µ˻û
˵ɢģ˵ܿ
ղȻҲ
ҲͷЦЦֻһʡ
ҸָֻǷ֣ȻһͨáϷˣˡ
˵ܲٲܲٵ
һɫѽǸոտ޹۾Щ졣
ң񣬡ĸá
ɣ̫Ϸ˺Ƶص
Ļλεɡ
һԣϷ
Ϸ˷Щ
һѣսϵǵЦţСŮ𰲡
۵ŵµˡ
Դգ⻹һټɡ
뵱ݺģͬǱ֮ǰҪ
ûޣ޵ı
Щûб¶ϣֵֻ̧̧áɡ
λ߶λ˵Ļ
ŬƽֻЩҲסЦͷӦǣб˿顣
˵
ߣ̲ס̧ͷۡ
ֻһۣеӡ
ΪҪļױұͿ˴룬Щ׾ݡ
ɸǲǰǰӻʱ˵ҪǮˡ
һͷҲû
̣ɻûס
ôãزԹľˡ
һԳþ
۵ؿɣ˵ʲô
ã
жԡ
Ǳŵ޹ҡҡͷò˵ʲôֻǼãõ˳ĪҪ
ã
ִ޾ĻҩζƫƫԼװ޹
۲Цˣؿɣﲻ˵˵ô÷
ʲôòõģֻ㻹ûףҲĵġ
ûף۱㲻ˣҴ󷿳Ů㻹ɡ
ǽ̫ûѣûһ˻ἰ¡
̫ˡ
ҹɲһμ޵̫Ӹá
¶ҪԹʳϳ޵¡
µ˵ĳͲ
ۣһ֮ѣԶԶ֮ϡ
ûеõˣƫƫйᣬڱ˶ˡ
θԼ̫˵ûٻԣȴȲҹԶԶһ档
ŮǷ׷׵ͷ϶ԼŮ
ۿɣװӡ
ûʲôΡɵĻֻÿЦ
ƺˡ
һ仰ɫס
ͷסЦ
ҧ´òűһ䣬СŮĴĪҪ֡
ɼѵصǸĻ䣬㴫Ų
֣ôҪŹ۸µ̫𣿡
ƿ߽ˡ
ǰ棬Ŀϣһ·ߵԱߣס֣ͷʵá۸
һڵŮ׷׶վ
ػĻǷ׷׵ͷ̲סԹԣȴԼոտϷ̬
û¡ôˣ
˵ȻҪøЩġ
ЦЦᱧۣһ˴ŲЩ㡣ӣո˵ʲôĻ˵йҲһ
һ仰Ƕ˵ġ
ɫף̲סոսˡ
һ£һڣȴ
оǵĿ⣬̧ͷЦá˵Ż¶ԭҴ󷿳Ůɩ곤ûסóŻ£ɼԴûɩ£
һ
ϧûɵףصáãδ̫ƵԼµ̫ɺҺ޹ϵ
⻰⣿˭˲֪
±ŻԼ
µ̫һʼǱŹŮŮһ˲ڣ㳶α浱²֪𣿡
˻һüž
̧ͷȣǾ㵣¡
ȵͷЦЦԭ֮ġ
ۣһʼûʲôޡ
ҵ̫һֱ㡣

36

ڰù, ˾¸ǵͷ̧ͷ
һνӣȵķҲû̫Ӧ, ЦŵԼµ, ֪ʵҲпԭֺαؿ𣿿̫ҲǺѰؾɴ˿ɼүҲ̫ģֻǵǰδ˵, Žкүᡣ
һ޹ġ
۱ûʲôģ֮ǰ, µһֳʲô
ƫƫᵽĸס
Լ̰ɵȴһƵĸ, ˵£
һֱվ·ӽʱһֱ˵, ϹΪŵЦ, ȴ۷е
ʲô˼Լµ, ҪȫѵĸϣǿүʥἰŻ»˰ѵǵĲ, Ƶǲòڡү, 𣿡
һֱ侲, ֻ˵áʱɫڶ
, ü֮˪
ɩ˵ﻰ, ôô룬ǵĻɩ˺үǸŮ֮˸ұ㲻ˡеķһ, Цŵ
۴ʱѾ߾˵˵ɡЦ滢ʱ, ȴȫˡ
ʹ۽˵Ц
֮ǰĶҺƿݵġ
Σѹ˵ǡŮ֮顱
ңûʲô顣ƫƫԶѪԵϵѹԲȴû취ϣҲҡ
ԶԶԣ¶ᡣǸŮҪΪЩ¶˸顣̹ʹҲǿԵģΪԲһ˿Թԡ
¼ƾװͷ˵Ǳѹòòˡ
ҧס´Ŀ⽥Ӷ
ȸ֪֡
£ЦôǴѹֻ̫ǲ֪񷨿ãĸŮ֮𣿡
֣̫ǡ
Ӹոտʼһֱ˵Ѳʲôʶôذ
ĪҪ˵ܲǽײһ¶ѡţĿ˿ƫ
ڳֱģȴ͵͵üۣ̲סüϸࡣ
ƫƫƲ
ǿҲԵǰŻ˺ǲ֪ˣǸĹϵ˵ûҪʲôл㣬ҪȢȤصĺ֮ܺĹϵ
Ļһ˵꣬ɫ͸ˣ̲ס
ϵЦҲЩӲ¹Ůҵԡ
ǹ˵ˣҥԻ᲻ơɱҥԳĻᡣЦŵһĶһ
Цȴǲٰ˵ˡ
ĨĶһ٣Ĳ׹̲ס
µ޻˵תͿ£Ȼڴˣ±֤
֤֣Ŀʼ׹һֲС
ȵĻȴڼ
ĸүԶ뾩̫Ҳһֱĸ࣬δס̫ҲḮĴšµõϢ٣ֻǹ黹˵ĸҵױڳһδκĪ˵ױˣҲǾ̫ײҵˣֵƷѡ
ͳЩôͲǼױˣͿˡһױ֣͸ܴ̼һ㣬̲ס
δ˵꣬±תͷݺݵؿǳ죬µĻҲܴϵģ
ŵһ£̧ۼȱĿ⣬ʱñһͷˮĵֱ䡣
һֱ˵λ̫ӻգļɵ˺ܶࡣܾǳҪģһҪкο£
ˣ̫ӣǸԡѪɳɱԸ⣬Լա
ͷļɵϷɵ̲ס
ϵûпֻǵص˵Ĺѧòã̫Ӹһ곤֣̹ء֪Ҫ
µͷ޲ðϵϣϻҪЦ΢л£ֻͷ¸е֡
ͷ̫Ӹе̫.̡һֱʧ񲻽күҸֽչҲǺõģ˿Ը⣿
Ȱѻ˵زϸ˵ԸֻҧͷӦǡ
֪̫ӸеֶùҲܷһ䡣
ҹ߻ԼǿȨѹˣǿȨѹԼͷϣҲûء
Ǻãֽվͻ븮˿Ҫ׼ĪҪµһ⡣ڼױһ£ɻҪ˵ģ
ûУ˵öԡ
黹ļױԪˣôἰױһ¡Ҳûпɷġ
ˣǲ΢ѪԵϵδΪ̫κ£Ҳûʲôʸ˵ʲôŮ
ʥ˳˵Т˰֮֮ĸ̫.ˣľԼѪ̫Ըù黹֮סΪָ̫ĸϣԸĸ֮˳ӦТ֡
£˷׷ײ죬ȴҷ
ТΪȣȰТ֣ǷǱ̫Т
ˣ²׹ô̵˼
վͲŵģΪⷬ
̲ס̧ͷȡ
һֱվߣŵµˣĿ䵭
һ̵˿е̫ӵ¡
¡ŮĸֶµʵʵΪЩ
̫ӣķ
ۿȵĲĪñͷ
һѶûзء
³ĬãֻӦǡ
ʻһֱӰʧ
صǰȻϺȲ裬Ц𣬽ոл£㲻߶źүˡٵү̸
ЦݽӲһ£ָܿ΢ү
أү
߲ǰ
̣ջһֽˤڵϣ޺޵صǷ
϶ںһæסԼŮǰ
̲ģף˵ˣϲңһȢҵġ
Ϊʲô̫һߣҲˡ
˵Ҫ¿Ļ
ԽԽܣֻܱɶģа취ģһ취ġ
ҵ־Ļ̫Ӹʢȥ
ڣ۶ȿ˵ʵջǲһʹ˵׵£
۲ɵܲԡ
ⷬ׼ҡ
ü۵ıӣЦŵȽȽǴҪƾǷѪԵϵ۸㣬ҿɲܴӦ
Ḯʱ±ڼƻС
Ȳ˵ǲΪġ
ͨеĹϣȣͷԽԽᣬ･ᡣ
СۿžҪ޳ȺȻЦллң
ۿ϶صͷ
ЦݸЩָָԼգƵصһҡ
лҪ˵Ƿ2k֣֮
ʱĳ23:00һ11:00
Т˰֮֮ҲТ

37

ȵʻڽֵϡ
صʵʵ, ͸һ˿ֵϵȻţżСߺ
ȳţư۵, ȦԼ
, գ۵˲䣬ƺëա
˵ĺȣڶԷϡ
̫̿, ֻԽԽȣƺҲ̵
ƫƫǰ˻ŴЦš
̼ǵһС骹ȵʱС骵һ˵ñ̫ӿ
, ˲ġ
Ҳ˵ÿ, ͷ
ôС骺ϵЩʡ
, ֥, 湫ӡ
, Ҳ, Ҫ, ȻȻ·вš
Сգգ, Ȼս۷۵ĴϼȵĲ, ָϽ뿪
õѪ, Ҳۿɼغ
գ۾Щ˼ȣƫƫĿ޴ɶ, ֻܵͷȥȵķӦ
ƽһס
ʮսȻûʲô
ոǻҲֻв, ΪСﲻӦ
Ͼһܺ
ϵĸоƺţȵͷɼСĶ
ƺ׹ĺ챦ʯҪ졣
סССĶϱĴо̧ͷ
Ŀӣ۾ȵЩ֡
ƺŷ籩
Щ޴غá¡
зɤӵ
۲ԣǹԹԸ˿ڣ㡭
û꣬ǰ˵Ȼ޷Ŵ
۾ɴȵϣδжͱǿס˱ȻС
Ŀӡ
ȵţۣ۾
Сë΢Ͱ͡
ǰûֵļֻܱ۾
µĺ÷ڿвͣת
ȵͣʢǰ
쳣ͷȵϣ۽޲زţ˫ֽקȵ䣬ǲ̧ͷ
ȰĵĶáۣˡ
仰ǵȼС͵̧ͷ
۾ģˮģ͸ոտ޹һ
ƭҡСؿš
һŤͷ㿪ίĿ⣬ۣû˵Ҳ㡣
Ʊ磡
ۺһתͷҪ
һ٣СͷֻԼק
ƺίû´Ρ
»´Σ۵ɴ۾
Ⱥ˵ǣֻקק۵ӣ̯ĵĶǰѶȥ
ֻʣһֻѱ˲뵽ʲô
ո£۵ȻȵĹǡ
СߺߵذѶùԼҶ۾ȥ
ƫƫôȥ
ۼŶú̲סüһ۾ͱ˻
Ұ
ȵĺ΢ָڶ϶
ܿ죬ʹۣ׹¡
⣬ŰŵڹǰˣЦЦתڳã£ʢѾڸˡ
֮⣬Ǹóˡ
Ű˵һ˻飬ܾл
СԶЩ£ȥˡ
һ
ȿǿװ򶨵ģסЦһѣֹȥߣȥ
ûأֻϰߵȥ
ƿȷ
ʢǰұͽһ˶ڸ⣬ǳ׷չЦա
۵һ·ߵұǰ
ɿСְ֣á
Ůɵ
ȵݣˡ
ұȫǣüۼ¶Ц⣬á²ˡһ·ºɰã
̧ͷұס۵֣ġȽչ۵־ͻҵϡ
۴Ӵ˱ҵĹ
ǽұһ̶£µ㣬ȴ̲סġ
õȷϢͷ֮ʯҲ¡
к϶һۣҲ˵֮⡣
ѾкİΧۡ
Ͽ˼ۣЦáɱˡºȥɣ涼˲ˮġ
ұ֪⣬˼۲ȺеļˣЦáߣǽȥ˵
Ĵźܿϣߡ
ۣ˺Ժ
ӳѩıظţתۼͱظߡ
ȥȥȥ鷿һҺлҪ˵
ӳѩͲȥ鷿һͷʮֲģ
̲סЦá⼸û㣬һǲǽջšȹҪǣƽʱҲûҪĻ£ãһ
ģӳѩôɰ϶ҵɾġ
Ҳ˵ɰЦҡҡͷס۵֣˵ˡȥǿ۸㣿
ĵӶҵġ
黹ļױ۳棬̵޵ݡ
Ƥ˵ٺݣתۼҲܺƤʸ
䵽ϣһϵ
ţҲһһʮؽҷ˵
ʱüһ塣
ҵΣȻ˾Ҫʲô
˵ΪһҪޡԭΪԼŮҲǿӰˡ
ӣ۲⡣
ЦЦ͵áҴһͺˡ˵̫زȻǰͲŻ£һŻ¡ۣ˵֮ڻ˭̫ܺӱȼ磿
̫ز޷Ǿ
û̫ӣ֮λֿɵáֻҪڣֻܵһүĳƺš
ˡ
Ҫɶ硣
˳ƶΪ
ˣҶûйϵˡТǰǲ˵ʲôҲҪ˵Щɨ˵Ļ˵˵ġ磬ոڣ͵ΪôЦʵ
۸ϽͷҿϣûʲôǲС˯ˣһʱûע⵽ͣˡ
Ŷԭ˯ˡų
ۼСԽԽ죬Цŵáû£ճɻС޶ոյҲһֱǣ㣬ţҲˡ
ʲô޲޵ģֻҪ۲ίҲͷġ
ֻ˯ˡ
ţ˯ˣš
Ͽ˵ţĿ
ۿž͸ίȳԷʱȱ¡
һ룬һͲ
ţ۱ԼС
Ⱥͽұ˵껰СѾ˯ˡ
ϣ˹ڱ˵ģ˯ú㡣
ŵأС
ӣָסСޱߵ鷢
鷢Σ˻һ
ԽԽǼ
ȹŴǣҪսһ֡
Ȼ춯
׺ݵĽ𣬡
ҪͷȴСĵʻ
Ҫʲô

38

Ҿ, 
תͷСһֱӡ
е, ˯
˵, ҴҴ
⻹׵Ĺƺڲĵͷײš
űײġѡ졣
Щεؿڴصˣ, Ҫȳȥ𣿡
ţ˿, תͷ, ۣûˡ
û˻ҹʱҪ
ü۴Ц, ۲ϵصáƭ, ҾͲƭһƭ£
, ǲܣǸ⡣
ü
ĹѾ, Сߡ
̿յ, С˵, Ҳ۷۵ģ˿ɢ, Ǽµ
ֵȥ, ֳ࣬Ǽȵĺ۵ϡ
գգ, յ¶ȸЩ
ֻ̫ڶԷ￴Լ
ΨһĹǶԷ
΢΢˲۵ıǼ⣬ܵ͵صá, һºòã
̬ŵֵҲûǿӲ
񡭡һĴһ
뵽ײ˳ëӣ͡һЦ
üЦ˿һΡ
Цʲô
ģ˳ëӡ
˵Ҳִ˴ССľѣصáҪ𣿡
Ͳˣģ˵ġ
ճɻС޶
ǵȱۡ
۾һԹԱ۾
ˡ
סЦ˫ִӱסȵĲӡ
£Ҫʼඡ
ԤĻûɵؾýš
СϵζӿǼ⣬ȾԼЩ졣
ֿɵá
࣡һӡһȵĶͷϡ
ůСѸȥ۽Ӷֻ¶һ˫۾ȡ
ˡ
ͷƺ£ֻۣһ˫ɫ˫ͫ
գգ͵ģԼʲô
ˣȷʵ
ۿ϶صͷ׶ͷҲѽûƭ㡣
ûƭǽˮ
εЦš
СѧˣҲûˡ
С
ֵ˵СĶͷ±ӣ׵ش˴ѣ´ƭԿ
۹죬סԼͷЩ˵ؿ
ôأǸѧѽ
ʱˣѾ߽㻻ѡǺһ
䰲ϣҪЩ
˵꣬Ҳߡ
ۿ뿪ſҪʱȺȻתͷۣҪΪӻѣ
һӵɴ۾˲ͰѱͷڱװͰ͵صáҪ
ЦųһŵС˳ȥ
ŽŲԽԽԶ۲̽±ӡ
ŹصʵʵģĻȵӰӡ
ոǾ仰Ƕġ
۲ع֪ͣ뵽ʲôǼ⡣
ȲǼģǰ̲סЦ
ӣĺѽ
ǣֺﲻһ
磬Ŵףô죬ô졣
ᣬһס
С¶Щ飬ֱš
Ҫ𣿡
С骵
۽ҵ뷨ȫѹ£á
ѷѾһſѡ
ѵ⣬˳ӹѾеĶָת佫ϵϵá
˶һɫѣۻ󣬴ɼµĻơ
ɾˡ
ұңңؾͿ˹
԰һƬЯǰһԡ
ȵ˹ǽ£˶̲סͶߡ
̫ӻ˼£Ѷ϶̫ӱزա
һȴԺˡ
ԶԶĿҲһ˲䱻ǽµ
ɫ˳˫
ǰɼ̫ӵɫ糣
һ㣬Ҳˡ
ְѹ˼ͷá£ﶼڳֹ
һΣҪʥص㡣
֪£̲סš
޵һձýֻΪδѲһֱ顣
񣬱㲻ٵˡ
·ǰֱֹǰ
̧ͷŹǰң̲סսġ
ȣȴԼ
ģڡ
ֻһ䣬ŵĺȻ¡
ǳЦеڣҲ¡
ֹ๬Ů̫ࡣ
ȺߵǰϢѾ˽ȥ
ջζŮڵͨ
㿴žӣͿŵޢָḧ°͡
һǳϸİ̺ۣϸϸˡ
Ƴۣ֬ҪҪһԣŮ֬۷һߣͷ
㵭֬һָۣ㣬ǵ̺۱ʧ١
ϸļϴһ˫֣ʵͷˣ̫ҽԺ۽Ҫԣ
ָһ㸲ϼͷϵ֣Цҡҡͷͷһֱġ̣ȥˡ
ƽ˿ûв
̾һͽ㱧𣬡˵޲̡
ס¿콫£̫Ӻ̫ˣҪȥˡ
ްްѡ
ۺ繣Ůϵ¡
ڣȺѾڵڡ
ڵ죬ۺЯ˳
֮ϣ㿴ɫ糣ȣϹ󷽵Ц
̫ӿɾõˣ岻ãĪҪվ
ʺ˵ţ̫
ȵͷǣǳĹ
̫ĪҪԼܲãҲǱͱµҲ̫ϵúã̫ӻָô졣
תϡ
۵ͷá檲ҵ
㿴ŵȫˣЦЦƣ̫ӲãһʱˣҪ衣ˣϲ衣
㣬ߵϡ
ŮǶŲˮȺȺ󾴲衣
ʱ۲㿴˵ۺģ
ʵϣü䴨أʧʡ
ʺЦøУһĸˡ
ʺ󾴲裬ȵضŲˮ
ӹˮһڱ¡
˵ЩףĻҪ£һ˫ͿŵޢֺȻס
̫Īżǹ磬ӻҪ𻰡óᣬ뱾˵˵̫ӸողãҲģ̫ҽȥǰҲ١
Ҳã̫ȥʺ̫˵˵ŮҲҪˣ޺̫Ҳڴˡ
ʵ˵ûлؾĻᡣ
лºǻչ̫̫Сױšᵣġ
ֻǵԼӡ
ָ΢糣Ҷ˵̫ӲŮɫŻǺ̫ģ̫ҲǸ÷̫˵Բԣ
ʺĻѰ˼Ҷϱĵ٩
ǳǳһЦӦ
̫ӿɷģػúչ̫̫ӿɲҪ̫ˡ
˵Цһ㡣
ˣ㲻ˡ
ʵۺ̫һ뿪˰չߡ
һͷ˿΢Σɫȹĵ˷ɫѩס
ϸϸǰСҲ̲סͷ
ѹ֣ܵۡ
òУǱȵ棬ʤһ
һס۵֣Цá̫˵Լĸҵ£

39

ֻڳǰұ˵Ź¡
ұӲŹõԮ֮ˡɳ͢ô˵, Ҳˡ
ǲţ½ԣҲòš
ûʺʵĵһ仰
۵ͷ, 常֮ǰĶ, ҡҡͷ檲֪СĸڱԶ֮أ֪֮¡˷ؾ, Ҳ֪常ݡ
üָỮ۵ֱ
̫δ˵ˡҲԣЩú, α֪
Ǻ, Ī۾úܲʡ
ʺо̫֡
һŮӣֺѹʲô
۵ĸоһ׼
ʺٺƵ, һһﲢûжϲá
, ֻΪװѡ
۵ͷ, ҲƲɫ, ֪롣
Ȳ, һ, żá̫֪𣿱ĸҲʶġ
̧ͷ, ֻʺЦ⡣
ĸ׵Ǻ⡣
˷Ӧ, Цżá̫ԾҲ֪֮١̫ӸѣҲ˵ЩĸʶԼŮ̫ӷ, ˵һ˵£
ͬһƵĳһ㣬ѹĵֵĸоͷӦǡáл
лεٵ, ҲҪѰһлǡЦ˵꣬΢΢ɣЦ͡
ۣȴ͸ڿһˡ
꣬ҵ
ĸƣǡɾƲĹŷ۸ʱСҷֱһǰ볡С
ϣڣ޴롣Ǹ߸ߵҪȴŵӶӡ
ֻ˵ѣȴܻصʱ
ԮڳϣصȴԼˡ
ʱһ˳֣ұϣӹһ١ˣĸס
۾ȵؿ㡣
ֻϷ˿˵ĸĹ
һܣδɵĸס
ƣӣҲ֪ĸ׻ɡʱҲ벻ôСﾹȻ˱ҲΪ¶ͣĸһԲؾϯȥ£ĸʲô
ЦգգۣЦʵЩ
ĸҪȥѵǸ𣿡ʵ
ԡĸ׸ߵϯƱŮתҪߡĸֱסһ仰˵ȥһơ
ƺ뵽ʱΣ̲סЦʱȫ˶ɵˣŮҪޣִһƣֱҿ޳һٴűǰӲŮӸǸ񡣡
ǵһΣ۸ô׺ظֻ˹˺ֱǰĸףҲû˸۸ˡ
ôԶ飬ٻһ㶼ģ
Ц̾˿ŮΪųе۸㡣ĸ׸߱˶˵ƹŮӣ̫ΪɱĸŮӡƫƫ˹뾩ȴܰ˿
Щ˵ٿ񣬱ֻʣꡣ
ۿŻʺ󣬺ȻʵЩЦ̾װġ
еĵִࡣ

ϵЦûˣƺܵС
̲סο
û¡ЦҡҡͷǶ˵Źر֮ˣǲŵģκΡЩ죬Ż£ǵûнǲһоͻᡭ
ԵŮٺȻ
Ȼֹ
Ȼһ˶٣ЦáңԽ˵ԽԶˡҪŮ˵ǿҶʱ磬ֵһνȥ߿Ů㣬Ƕգ԰ﾰɫҲá
ЦŰһС
ת˻⣬·ոûἰ֡
ɻ󣬵ûʡ
Ůٴ۳ȥڱ㰲
㿿ϣŶͷĿС
Ů̲סʵáû°ɣ
û˵˰֣Ӻǽ
ǡŮӦ¡
ۣոĵطĿЩ㱡
ãʲôأ
͵͵ૣվû˻ش

յǺܶݡ
۸Ůٵ԰ʱֻʣ²
԰Ʒ෱Ļ䣬֮һС
ԶԶĻƼʢŵĺ÷
÷ǰߣδǰƺվżˡ
г
飡
ƿˤڵأ̧ͷȥ
ʲôǸ״͵Ĵƿ㾹ˤˣ
ܻ
Ůһ֪ǰǺˡ
̲סü̫ɫ磬Ȼȥɡ
ǰ棬ʵ
ʳصأ˸Ҷ
ǹֲˣްߵѾ߻Ȱŵġ
Ůٲ͸ࡣ
۲ʣҲҪת뿪
δ߼˺á˭ţ
ţݷ
ˣ㲻ˡ
ۻǰ÷£ŻСֳڵصŶԷ
һ˶࣬һȴֻˡ
˭һµСʻֻһŮ
Ҳؿ
Ĺ̫չ磬ĹĪҪˡ
ģҿʲôûЩ˲ʶ̧٣ƫҪòԼĶ
˭ʶ̧ˣ֣ҪǹĶ̫ڴˣĹôԺСŮĵط
ĪҪ˵üȻҪñǡֻǲûɩЦɩĪ֡
ŮٿеĹλࡣ˵꣬
Ůѡá̫Ĺ
˵Ĺ̡
硣
λˡ
ǳˣػøС
۲ǡ
ǳЦŵáض񡣡
ػһʸղûС
һʱЩס̧ͷۣȴûҪ˵
һԿţ̲סЦáôҪɩ㣿磬㲻߻⸱̬ͬ飬ôβˣ
˵ߵǰӰصá̫ӸѡҲɵܿĳ˵Ľ
ãΪһҪ˵ң㶼ǻƿʲôĵģȻ
װˣҿû˼⻨ƿҵģΪڸǰװҵĶҵĶǻˣҲ䵽ϡ
ÿǽӣתߡ
ԹԵĨᣬԵСŮƺ̲סáˡĹԼĸ׶ǰ飬ôźĽأ
СŮ䣬۱Ƽ̵ɫ䡣
һɢʧһģ
Ůаã뿪ںǳСŮȴ̵ٶȿ졣
˵һ顣Į
ĹԼ»±˵𣿹˭˲֪ĹΪʺ
Ȼֹ
СŮԼֱ۰һίڵأѪ˳ָ
羪ֵؽг
ȴվԭأĮؿСŮ･ɱ⡣

40

, ½Ƿɡ
ؿ򱳶ԼĺС
ֻһ˲䣬ոջĵС˲˸Ը
ŮԤϵΣ¿ֻͷʹޱ, òȰĹ, ڼʱѪȡ
Ůٻδ˵꣬Цһ, ͷŮ٣Σ㲻һŮ٣ô, ҲǸСŮһԱ𣿡
, ŮٸϽͷū澲, ֻǡ
Ҿ͸Ұսˡ
ٿŮԥԥ, ǰ, ÿһ̤, ־˲硣
̲סſСŮ, һغ, ̣ҸͬΪ, 㲻˺ҡ
˺㣿˵ʲôأô˺أǰʰһ²ū澡
ҵŮ, ҪʹҲΪһҪͱˣ˵ˣȴ̲ס
Цһ, ߵСŮǰӣһ˫Į۾ֱСŮ, ֻصѸոյĻ˵һ顣
СŮһҡͷ
ֱϵ˿ڻѪ۵ɫס
ֻ˵ĹĻִңŴ̼һĹ˵ǰָá
ôҲû뵽ЩĹ˷衣
ơ
˵žӲŲСŮ֣һƬܱĴƬݽȥǰһСŮ۵ð
ĹҴˣĹҰɣūҲˣҲˡ
һ𣬸ոջޱȵСŮ޲Լδڡ
ֻһΣûĻ
СŮµĲԶĴƿ̶Ǵƿ˺һȻǰ
һֱǱߵ״ŮȥˣЩͬҹŮɪضһ𣬲ǰһ
翴̵Ķƿϲ
۽ԡ
ѾһƬɫѰƬļڴƺź⡣
üͷһԥǰ첽ߵ󣬵ӺصĹʹū澲Զ֣ѵ˾ͺáƬ¡
ŴƬһ٣ȻЦҡҡͷɫЩ񣬡α鷳ǣͺá
СŮʶΣ˿ڶ˲ãҪվܡ
û˵ֱ۾ͱ˺ݺ߬סѪø
ʲôأҪΪӳͷΪлġ
һҹŮ̲סڣĹҪɱ˰ɣʳ֮Уôҡ
ý̵̬ܿ
˫۾״̬Բԡ
Ӽ䣬ѾŴƬǰȥŵԾСŮĲӡ
СŮʼҵͷȡ
ãͿ
ĹҪ
ͬ
СŮһ̵ĳ⣬һǳǳĻۣѪ
̵ֱۣ߬еصĹѵ㣡
ǿۣСŮķ򣬴ƬȻС
üͷ־ȥȡǿƬ
һ֣۷ֱ˲䱻ơ
ˣˣ˰ĹҪ̫ĹҪɱˡ֮µĹŮ̲ס
ԼֱϻŸոնĴƬ
ƬʺһƬѪµš
̸ովҪȥ׷СŮ߾˵ľ
Ųһ٣Ȼ
ػͷۣһ۱㿴ָѪ
ɩૣǲš
ֱʹȴһ
ڻָˡ
뿪ڣ纰ɩСģ
ۻδӦǰ˺Ȼ嵽
˷غȥȥ
͵ػͷһ۱סһŮٵ֡
Ůͷ棬лһذס
̹ס֣ʹ
ۼ֧ŮٺݺݵֱϻһҪ嵽۵ǰ
ҹŮǵľڶߣֵ̿ػ
ĵвϱƽ
⡱һ
ذ״Ů룬ڵء
ۻͷȥֻһɫ۵
ߵּֿ͵ߣӣĿ˲˵ֱϡ
ѪһԲЩСĵؿ¡
ֻһǻȵǡ
һͽ۴ᱧ
ŮѾסûһۣȫѺѵ˾
ѵ˾ǻʹרųιŮ̫ĵطع͹Ůδй
һʱЩԥۼ̫ӵѾ̫뿪
ɪɪһŵĹŮǣֿ˿ѪĹ
ߣֻҪȸҸ̫ҽȻµ»ûѪˡЦŵָֻ֮ǰǸĵӡ
ͷһЦŵȻлĹϣ
ҶȥˣòҪѰɡ
粻ʵ߬־ϵһ̫ͣӵĻѡ
λͬ⣬ЩɪŵĹŮȻûܵĻᡣ
ѹŮٺһѵ˾ȥ
ͬʱ̫ҽԺڡ
Ŵǿŷҩʹ
վڴߣŹŮҩޱ顣
ЩؿһۣһСĶȵĿ⣬ָϿͷȥ
üСĶӣȵŮҩȥûȵС̧ͷһۡ
ڰúܣӲ
̧ͷСĵؿȣõؿڵңҲǺˡ
ʵ۵ģЩ˵
ֻԼۣأʹһС֣ǲĲۡ
űһŵֲ֣ˡ
˵ԼĶססСĳ嶯ʵ
ۿЦЦһ£Щί
ѽΪʲôȺأ
СԵõ˺ܶ࣬ҲȥĹĴƬҲĻĻᷢɱǸСŮġ
䲻֪ΪλͻȻۿ϶ûĻɱǸСŮ
ɱΣǹɱһŮοһϵŮ
̫ҽڴ˿ʱȱѾŪղŷ¡
ֻȱַˡ
ǣǹҲڳʽŮˣѱᷴҧһڡۼǲҵʱҲֻ뵽ҪûԼ
ûԼˣ𣿡ȷʵ
ЩӦǣԴĦϵɴ
ڰ˺һС͵͵СŮĹĸ´̼䲻֪ʵΣܸоĹΪĸ׵²˴̼ĸӦĵߣңͬҲǡ
ͬܡ
ȷʵçײһΣǻǰ
˶۸
ۼһۣһ˺
Ҵɡ
̬ȥ˵ͬ飬ʵȴЦصС
С
ֱϵ̫ˣûмʱϵǸŮٳǰ
롣
ۣὫСﱧԼͷļϣۣܵͣҲ㡣
Ǻ£Ҳ֪ʱˣһ
һֻܿԼߵһԨֻŻ޴롣

41

ѵ˾Ƿ˴ĹŮ̫ĵط
ܹȥٳ, Ů̫඼ڴˡ
δѵ˾ѵбƿյС
۸ȵԱ, ˿Ѿá
԰ѴۺĶС
ʺȥѵ˾, 龭
һѵ˾Щ޺ͱøЩ
ҹɫīźХö, ŹŮ̫Ŀ޺ͷ̲סս
̲סü
ѵ˾ĵطһŮӶܲס
Ȳ££ϵĶ, ǲ, Ȼȥ
ЦЦ, סȵ, е, Ҳ¡
һԸ䶨, á֨ѽһ, ǰĴſˡ
ʺֵķ˳, ɫЩףƺЩʡ
̫ˡ
һ̧ͷɿ±ȼվˡ
µĹ߻谵, ȴĿúܡĿһʱЩ, ȻƬ̾ͻָ
ۺһ
̨ףǰЦҡҡͷض񡣽ձǹ, ϲһõģ̫ί˵ѷ˸ŹȥŮ١ֻǲֿ֪̫ɻ, ñơ
˵Сĵס˵֣ɴţơ
Ů˵ʱΣ迴Ҳ֪˿Ρ
Ħֱϵɴ۵صŮ˵ˣ˿ں˵úܡҲֱҪ̫ȥɫڳֹзơȴ£ǱǷǡ
Ŀо֮ɫ
ǻʺԼȴӦС
ǹŮǷŮٵĴôֵʺͷϣº̫㲻ˡֻҹڷ缱ǿЩ꣬˹ʱʺ˵ǲǣ
һ˿ЦҲûУֻǵ˵ⷬ
۵һ٣˲糣˻ȥǱ̫̫ˣ̫ոܹˣҪˡȽȥǰµѺ
ǰ棬۸Ƚӡ
򣬻á̿𱸵ó㣬Ҳһֺ⡣
ѵ˾˵һͽ˶Ѻ
Ůŵɪɪɫ԰ֽ
һʾ˵ɫҲãзθ֮ơ
ǶǽųĹңѵ˾ĵط
ǧ谮Ĺ̤ط
̣ɢվѾá
˶ŵЩӦֻؾصضŻʺ
ĸ󣬼̫ӣ̫
һǻ˼͵ع£滨صĸ󣬶ʲôûֻСŮ˵˻ż÷̫ϵ˿Ҳ˵ģȴסĸһҪΪ
˵꣬͵ؿڵϡ
ˡһžͺۡ
̲ס͡һȫĿ˲ϡ
סЦͷǾߵڰ׵ıԽˡһʱûסĸ𷣡
Ժ޵ϻҪģֻίΪһҪ˵㣬㡭
ˣĿ߻û꣬ͱʺס
αԻ޿ģɺͳ
仰ʵʵڴ
װãҲ˳Ѿ߷ţ
վŵģʣ¾ǱѹڵϵСŮŮ١
СŮӽʱĿһֱϣȴ
ոǷǽ鶼Ƶˡ
֪ôģСŮȻ뵽̷ʱ˵Ǿ仰
Ϊлġ
仰ħһСŮȻʼԼǰЩ
ǲǣ˹ģ
̫ӣ԰ľѾŮٸˡСŮ·ϣ˵˲˵ĻĹŮ٣̫Ӻ̫ʶá
˵ʶá۵һνĿƸίڵصŮ١
Ůͷ棬֦ͷסգһʱģ
ͷѺǿ̧ͷͷŵɨһߡ
ŮϺ֪࣬ճЩʲôݻ׵ʶ
߹ùãؿڡ
Ů˷Ӧ̧ŵƤ뿴ۣȻճЦЦһ
ʲôƾʲôվߡ㲻һáңôŰŮٵĵλܳȥƾʲôƾʲô
ߴƵ˻˵ּǰҪۡ
ܿͱѹڵء
ʹ㣬ǲʵԹţв˵Ի
ؿص졣
˵꣬ǰǿסߴƵ͡
ۿͣĸߴƣһƲ
֮ǰô߰䵭һˣתۼȴģ
ȥ̫ӸΪ˺úչ̫ӣа̫ӽػʹħһ㣬һֱ˵šܡڱ߷̹һʱ䣬ģ˾ͷȴ¡
ʺ˵ţóĨᣬʮġ
ߴѾ˵ֻԹؿۡ
ȶԹĿ⣬üԼԲøߴٿۡ
Į𣬡ȥ̡
̡һ̶̲סһ¡
ǲ̡֪ΣǿŸߴȻɴ۾Ҳܲµж̡
û飬ֻǿŸߴƱȥ
ûмʱϵӹҲһա
̣Ϊ̲ǻˡ
ɸߴɱûôģΪԼ顣
ߴƱȥڵ˸Ӿ綼װˡ
ԥһ£ָģһӹȥ
£̷źɩˡ̲ԼĹҪôͷԡǣزҪŹκı֮ˡ
ıָ
ʱ뿪ڱ粵䵭صĹ˵ʲô
̵ͷǹһ˿Цݡ
ȻҪײǹϣһ
̵ͷЩ֮Ի᷸ȫΪߵŮĸǿù˲׼˵ЩƫƫСŮȴ֪ñ˭ࡣǸСŮҶ᷸ȻҲ˻ɩ
˵Ҵδҡֹסؼ
̳˳ǣ̣ͷ㼤ʲôҿû˵СŮǲ𣿡
ɫһף˫ϥһȥ粵

һ仰ɹֹס滨ꡣ
ȿڵϵСŮ
СŮڶû˵ʲôоһĿ䵽ԼϣŻֵ̧̿ͷ
Ѻʱʹ
˵̼ĹЩûл·ˡ
СŮֻĿںޣȴ޲
һ磬뵽ո԰£ĿԹ
һжġū˵ȵҹŮ֮ū˵Щ̼ĹĻĹҪɱʱū澾ЩŮܡ˵ˣֻҪĹЩҹŮһᱣū澣ūٻһжı
СŮƴȫ˵ⷬ
۾죬תҪȥСŮ˵ʲôʲôʱ£澡
ҪɱΪ˵滰㺦ˣ
ô˵Ҳã㣬ġ˵Ҳ⡣
ٿĪ磬СŮһҧΪ
ЩŮҲµغһ
ˣʱ̫סǡ
ǷħӣЩ;¡
治ģĸҡϥеȱߣŵ
ս۵֣ٿ־磬ʺɡ
ˣ˵ٶҲš
ҡҡͷ£б㣿
˵׼˵Ļʱײ£Ĳ֢㾹˿ϴǱĸƽչڳ谮ˡԵ֪࣬ڸģ
˵̧꣬ͷˣȥʮ壬ıһꡣгԴöһ룬ÿճд𾭣׼̽
ĸǶһ·
ҡͷͣģĸ󣬲ҪҴˣҴˡ
ԽԽԶܿ촫ҽ
СŮѾȥ
۲СĿһۣͿСŮҵ
־ļ¡
㣬ǱƷĨȥ̫֣㷣ܶʮְ壬˼
ܵģʲô
ˣʮְ壬Ҳù
ȴͷӦǣ޲֣ով۵¡
һ־Ļ
תЦȣ̫ӶĴ⣿
þƽѵ˾޺ˣ¾ȴ̫ˡ
˵꣬񣬱ǣ˳ȥ
⺮ѩ
ɿ֣ۣĶ£ãǰߡ
žѵ˾ԶˣЩˡ
۳Ĭţһʱû˵
ЩСЩ֣ůţôˣǱŵˣ
̧ͷȣͷҡͷ
ЦһȤҵСɵˣ
ûСڿ˿ڡ
סȵ֣صֻͻȻãá
С۾ģǿ
ˣеҡֻҪڵĵطҲ¡

42

ҹɫī, ڣʵ۸߾ӱ
ĳӺǰ쳣мԼŮδ, мȴҹѯ
԰»ٶҵĶ, ̫ΣŮγʹвֹ˿
ܿ˿, żϼ˵ߣҲѸپתͷȥ㡣
ͷɫ糣, ֻǱо΢΢ζ, ʾŲƽ顣
̫ϸ߰
ʺﵽ
̫, ̫
һһ, ϢԴ
ֻ֮, һĻʺ󻺲롣
˽Եͷȥ, ʾ
Ⱥڻʺ, С, ˵ڣҲ˿ûзſ˼
̫ӵϯλڵۺ֮, йŮ
̫Ӻ̫λȻһ, ȷ£Լ¡
ЩںĹŮҲ׷װػصԵλϣԼ˵ĵĿͶ, Ҳ⿪ڡ
ȵ˶ְ
ʵ۲Ŀһۻʺ󣬵ʵѵ˾ɴˣ
·, һнѴáص
ˡʵ֣תۿˡ
ʱѾ磬Ϊ԰£͸ÿʼˡ
ʵۿŵˣЦŵһΪ˹꣬ڰ䲻ؾ࣬ͺá
ʵ۷ԣ˲΢Щ
һ˵Ҳи
̲ס̫ӵϯλϿȥͼ̫һС룬С˲ٲˡ
̫Ըؿ
£ҿԼġۿſҪιߵĲˣЩܵص
Ŀ֮£ιʳЩ˼ġ
ɨһ۱ʵʵ֣Ŀǰһţԡ
ۿ˿µĿ磬ܸܵ·Щ޵Ŀ⣬
ԾԣСӣŬȥвˡ
κԼƲӣһ˶е÷
ò׼ˣ۸˵ȿ£㿴ˡ
ţˣ԰ɡƵص
۲ؿһۣѿǰݡ
ſӵ΢ҡҡ׹ۼžҪ׹ȹϣһС·ȽסǸˡ
һ
һ㣬Ҫǵȹϣӿɾûˡ
ȰСһ˻Σֻε鲻ҿ
Ҫ𣿡
йط¿ӣֽĿЩϡ
ҿԡ
㲻ԡ
Ȳ˵ϵؾܾ
ؽӶŵԼǰӸոڵڣĲ
ô᲻
ǡ
ۿͰ͵ؿȣڶϣˮ۾ȫȵӰӡ
£кܶڿ
ô᲻֪ڿ
˵ͬʵԺõм
С
ȷ¿ӣ¿ȥɨһȦ
Ŀ⣬䵭
͵̲ס˸׷ջĿ⣬Ҳ߿
ˣǲˡʲôԵģָҿ
һۣۼܲ˵Ŀ⡣
ҲָһüصǸ
ָ꣬Ⱦͽ˼
ˣһιһԹԵسԣĹŮҲ˰衣
̲סǱ߿ſӵһս
̲סķ򿴡
һû߿һۡ
ɵͷסĲʡ
ߣ֣ģһлġ
ֻҪûȢޣǾͻлᡣ
϶ԼŮһĪţǡҪľäĿš
ѹеʼô
λ֮£ܸܵǱͶĿ⣬Ҳ֪˭ڿ
ûеľƱ΢΢˻ΣȻ
˱Ķһδͼͼֱֱ̫ӵλȥ
۸սӹȵݹĲˮҪһڣһ̧۾ͼλǰվ˸ˡ
ͷû̧ɿСǿ𣿡
ۻһȣԼ͵ͷвˮ
ˮַ˼ǰ棬̧ͷ
£
̵ĸ֣ÿס
žƱһ٣ϵ糣£ֻҪһִ󲡳ֵ𣿡
˻һڵ̸Сһ롣
ҿƻ˵Ŀȴ޵ƮһרȺĶԻ
仰ʳеʡ
̫ӣ׺ûã
Щŵסȵ֣ܸоڵղһˡ
ؿס۵֣صҪʧˣµδȬҽϲ䣬֪𣿡
ô֪
ʣΪľȵĻش
ûòܴ˵
ܵЩǽͷݶˣǵ̫ӵ¿ɻǸӡ
ǳ³çˡΪʱٴȬ롭ĪҪǣֶ࣬Ȭ
׵Ļ˭˵
һֵ̿ӣͷ΢
֪˼ƱһǱļˡ
Ѿѵõд𰸡
صԼλֻࡣ
ȴһѡ
ôһԻǷͿˡ
̫˵滹Ǽ٣
˵ﻰʵۺȻЦſڵ̫ĪҪ̫ģ˵̫ҽδ֮ѾѸ£Ѱҽܻҵҽ֮ġ̫ӷſĲǡ
ʵ۳ԿοȲܲ
л¡ñǣǳ֮
ްǻʵҲġ
ܱʵ۳Ϊܵܵģֻһˡ⡣
̲סȡ
ͻʵͬĸֵܡ˽ֵ֪걱һս󣬾ȴ֪
ֻеۼ̫ǲŻ
Σ֮ʱͦȴˮ֮Уɱ߽
ȵͷ΢΢ս
۸֪˿ϵĸ㣬һ飬£㳢ɺóˡ
Ŀ֮£Цſȡ
̧ۿС΢ӹ㣬һڣЦţܺóԡ
̫֮Ļ˽
Ҳ׷ѹԼ˼׼ȥϸ롣
ȴѩ
ѩŰı˷ĺ硣
ůէ˶÷
תһͼſڣ̫Ӻ̫һվš
ͷϸĵذ۶ãϵϵá
һӵãԼͶȥ
ǰһһŵؽŦۿϡ
ȵһ·꣬ʵʵغϣСﱻһӣ˿͸ѩ
ؿźϳһĶ񣬡£⡭
ѩҪáȼ̵ص
һֽӹֽɡһСߡۻʵʵһ纮
˵ӰʧڷѩС
ЩʣµĿɿڴؿһĻ
ֱѩŻع
ͬʱڶԷпͬһ⡣
ոǻѪɳŮɫ̫ӵ𣿡

43

ѩĹ, صĹŮ̫ಽĴҴҡ
۵ֽɡǱбȥԼͷȴ˲ٰѩ
ֱͦ, ԶԶȥ, ֻܿԱߵ˵½ǡ
ǰ㻤ţԶԶžĽ
̼ӿ˲ǰҪ֮ʱȥ
, ɩ
̵ԶԶػͷ
ֻѩ, ִɡСŮĽŲ
Ĺô
ʺ׿˵Ľ, ˵̴˿Ӧڹܷ˼ǡ
̵̹ȻЦЦ͵ܳ, ǲҡĸ֪Ƕ෣Щʱնѡ, ǽղɩһл, ԰ߡ
ոѵ˾, ֻź, Ҫ¡
˵, СŮǸ
СŮһִɡһһС
ʾǰ, СŮ͸Ͻѽеȥ
ǸҼʱҵӡɩҪ֮лΪѰ, ұֻл񡣻ɩĪҪܾЦŵ
ۿ˪ѩСһʱЩۣĹˡʱ, κڳӵġοŮд֮ʱĹҲҵһ𣿡
ûһ, ضҪˡ
ȴЦҡҡͷɩǲһҾȻɩΪеԭ򡣶ңǳġ֮ǲͬġ
̻˵ֱףһʱЩ㶡
ʵؽ˵ôףǵž̫ݶҲ޷
ƫƫûС
ˣҪ˵ĻѾ˵ꡣѩ󣬻ֺͻɩȥɡȸˡ
̾һС
˵꣬񣬱תߡ
ܳһ۾ܿǰǸߵĺС
һֵĺ£ȴĪܡ
£Ĺ
ô
ܾǧ谮Ĺȴͨ͸
̹Ȼ
§תֿ˿ŮжŵĽУֻǵص⹬Уֻܴڵˣм
ٴ棬ҲȾЩīȫ
ٶĻͲ˵ˡ
̫Ӹڹţһ·
ʱƣȥʱࡣ
Ȼص̫ӸֵѾһ㱡Ļѩ
ֻֻ
ڵ˲ͱɰ
޵ȼõһȥ
Ķȥ̲סԼ
ģԶһ·ӵȡ
תȥȣͼѾ¶
첽ǰ־ץסȵ֡
ȵֺ˵Ĺͷ
֪ǲ۵ĴܾȵҪ԰ࡣ
ŬҪȵ֣ʱȵҲֻһ
£ֺС骣ȥø
ˡ
۵ĶϣŰȥ
ŰӦǡ
۵ɴ۾ȣЩص£ǲǡ
ꡣһָڴ䣬Цᣬ£Ϣһͺá
˵ϣͷ۵ļϣ۾΢գοС£ֻϢһ
˵ĺţŵɱ
֪ǲʾֻɫЩѪɫЩ
Ƿѩƺ˭ĽŲ
͵رƿŰ
ǶȥûзԸ׼ǰ
ԴӸߴƵ̫Ӹ˶Ѿһͨ
ŵģ˶̫ӸУ˸˵
ᣱƿһ̧۾Ϳɫ߽Ԫࡣ
ȿȵءһͰҩطϡ
Ǹո˯һ㣬ɿ۵ļϣصôʲôĪǼҽԣˣ
ʣǣǼʣһ֮˻ôڡôˡ̫ӵǿ׳ܲõġ
֮ˡʱһ
̲סȣѾֱӣŵؿЦŵϹ˵߻ŻˡҩҽҲͲ̫Ӹˡ
ǿɲһۿĲʲô³
Ԫ䳰˵ţȴͣóͶ̵
ִ룬˲Ͳȵϡ
룬Ԫſʼ
һֱעı飬ֻԪüͷԽԽ̲ס
ֻȻһɢӣԾЦŵüͷôŵˡ
ȸ˵꣬Ԫͺݺݵһۡ
γһʱĬûпڡ
ϵЦݽӷ£鵭Ȼ˵ɣʲôܲסġ
Ԫս߹㣬ҩԡɶϣƫƫ
ࡣȻڣ̧ۿԪֹ࣬סĻ
ԪĻתó̵
̵ƺȾѪζ
ҩԡͻ˯ѾˡҪȥҩԡҩƳʮա
˵ˡ
ȿ˿ԪŵĶ̵ЦЦʲôģҩԡѣֵɫôѿɣʹҲˡ
˵Ž⿪Ѻһʵ䡣
ڵõúܣõһ۾ܿĿǵ˰̡
һһεĵӣǸողźõ˰̱ٴλһδεѭİ̺ۡ
һվ˿ԪеĶ̵ֿ˿ǵ˰̡
ͣѾܲµ˰̵
ۣ¡Ҫǲҿȱӣһͺˡ
Ȼ鰲οۡ
ۼЦ͸ܣŴҡҡͷҲ¡㿪ʼɡ
̵ڻ䴩ȵĿڴ
ŵ㣬һͺá
򣬷ϻ̫ˡ
Ȼһ䣬˳˰Ŀڴǵ˿ٴα
Ѫð˳ԪһͿҩİײȥ
ײ˲䱻ѪȾ죬Ѫɫʾ̲ס˻һĪǱңôôأ
ԪתͶԶŰ˵ȥӷȥҩԡ
Ԫһ˱ҩԡŰҪȹȥ
۽һȥ
£ҩԡҪһʱÿϵˡ
Ԫ໰ǰһʱЩԥ
ȻͷСЦŵû¡һͻ˯
ǲ۸ȥˡ
ͣסȣҵȵ»
ţҪԹԵġ
˵꣬תͺͶŰߡ
ҩԡĵط޵һͷվڵſڣһֱȵӰתص齱ߡ
ͷˡ
£ҲЩҪ˵
Ԫһ˵ţһ߽ϵɴ𿪡
ֱϵѪѾֹסէ˿Ȼֲܿ
ԪһóҩһߵǷ޵һ塣ֱˣĿڻˡ˭Ҳû˺á
ҩ˿ϣ⡣
̲ס˻һԪȴͷҲû̧ҩۣ˳ҩܲʹѣߣô㣿
˿±ãԪתȥʰҩ䡣
ۿ˿ڣ뵽ʱģ̲ס͵⡣԰ĹˣĹ

ۻû˵꣬ԪתüҼ˼ɫô᷸ǲģ
۾ȵؿԪ࣬ô֪
ԪһͷЩεصһ֪Ще¡ֱĹ˵ģ
۵ĽͣͷҪ˵СŮ䲻С˵ġŮд̣ҵһ¡
𣿡Ԫһδ۵Ļ
ۿвĦϵİײעԪɫţŮõ󡣺˶ʮְ壬˼
ʲô
Һ͵³ǰ׷˹лɫãӦް
ۻһ䣬ԪɫԺͻࡣ
ǱãǱáԪͷϼɫԻ
ԵĹУ۲ῴЩ̽ʵʶĹ
Ԫûش
ǲǲʣֵǲشҲǿ
ԪĬãĬΪ⡣
ô⣬Ԫûʲô˵ġ
ԪתۣձҪ˵Щ顣ȷĹʶ֮ʱҸǹҽҩͯҸұ뿪˻ʹ뿪֮ʱĹĸá
ڹУǲ˵ĹΪʺкԼĸĻ
۲мôһ˵ͷСŮȷʵô˵ģȻĹ
Ȼ㷸ˡԪӹ۵Ļϵֽս
Ĺĸܿûʵ۳谮Խʺ֮ơһգŮƿ֮ʱ˵Ѫеܿ˺ͻڵصĹʱĹһȾѪĶ̵ҽ϶ܿϵ˿ǰѶ̵¡бдԣĹɱԼĸ֤ҥ˴ȥġʱѾ˺ܶĻûãһСŮ財Ǵʱʼġ
ЩΪԼ˻
Ԫƺܸܵʱľ
˶˵ɱԼĸ˭ܵۡ
οƫƫԼȾѪĵ
˭ɱܿˣѵûв𣿡
ԪЦһôûº֤ʵܿߵֲԼ˶ģαĹɱܿ˵ļ󡣾ܿ˱ɱһ³䶨
̣Զ˲ɴ˰̡
Ĵֵúܡ
鲻ԣʣֲ֪Ӻοڡ
Ԫȴʵ͸л
һΪԪҪ˼ˣѽеݸ
еδ򿪣ԪĦŽϵĻƣ֪Щʲô
աһϵ۱򿪡
Өڽ֮ϣԪཫŵϡ
ƿ֪ôģ¶һССĸ
ֻһŰֽ
۽ӹֽչֻΨ֡
СĻʺ󡣡


44

⺮Х
ۿֽɼĸ, Ī˻ʺָо
ڱԼĺƣѹʲô
ܿ˵
˵ܿ˵ĳ谮Խʺ֮, ʲô˼
, ֪ۺ
»ʺûΪʵãʵҲ˵һ䲻ǡ
ÿۼȵʱ, ѾҪ̾һʥϵġ
Ԫʺĳ谮ձԽ
أ˶˵ʵʺ, ɺмǧ, Ϊǵıµһӣô뾩Ⱥǰ, ʺԼʺ֮λ, ʺûзϳ, ĳ谮ǰ
ʹ˵, Щ޷ڸǵġ
еֽ, ԪҪԼ˵ʲô
ʺ, š
ʵۣ಻š
ܿ˵, ǲǻʺ󡭡
֪ѱ, β֪֮ۺһǰĹڻʺ, ܾ谮˽֪ĹŴðŰ֮ˡ
ںͻʱ, ˻һ۾϶̷˴
ƫƫ԰˲һľٶ
δ֪ԡǳǰֻΪһлûΪ԰ìܵĹΪλھƽ֮ʱ˴ɱ㣿
ûôɺ֮¡ʺ̽ȵĹϵ
ɱǻʺš
̻Ϊ
һУܸɺϣǻ۵
ۺȻ˰ﳤֹлʺδ˵Ǿ仰
ûнһоͻᡭ
һоͻΣ
仰ôӦ᲻ΪһеԴͷΪ
ôţҲѰʺĻ˵˳
ԪЦһĿ̣ȻǺ޲˶ΪһĴȵĴأ֪ٵ£Ⱥ𣿡
ûУûʹ˵϶ҵġ
۲ἰ¡
常˵Щ¶Ǳʹڣȥҿ˰̡
֮仹кܳʱ䣬ԵȣȵԸ⿪ڵһ졣
û˵ĻԪȴ˼
ǻ⣬֪еǺζ𣿡
̸ϵĶ۽࣬ȥҽ飬ûһֶҩʱơܽϵĶ𣿻ߣʲô𣿡
Ȼʲôû˵
ԪԤϵˣǳЦŵõ£ߣȰһԹԵĲˡһᾡȫδȫⶾ
ΪʲôΪûнҩҿȥң߽ҩʲôһҵġۼеص
ԪȴֻҡҡͷҲġеĶһֶƳɵĶҩΪġ
ģ
ǣĲݡж߳ڲκһζʱģȽ档ж»½ܼʱƶԣ֮ʱ׹ѩ֮СһζչʱӲˡ񣬶裬̣Ҳֹĥ
ôⶾ
ĲĶֻĲ⡣ȡʮ֮ҩⶾ
ⶾ˵˼򵥣Ԫȴ˵޽⣬Ǳֻһܡ
ĲݣѰ𣿡
ѰѾĲݵɽҲһɽյøɸɾʮ겻Ԫͷ˵ⷬ˫･зߺ֮⡣
¶֮һʼûⶾɹ˾ҪЩʹ࣬Ųдϣһȥ
ֽƮȻأ˫ִϥϣս·𶳽һöûж
溿һķĵף͸⡣
Ԫ̧ͷʧСƽԼҲҺ͸Ǳо꣬ҩԡԼڵĶֻҪ֮԰ȻػȥֻǣȻ᲻ʱĶҲԶ벻ҩԡ
ûи֮Ѿõİ취
۲֪ǲǸңԻȥ
һ£ôôأ
ǲǲ֪Щ£Ƕ˵û£ǲҲ¡
һ죬ᵽ֮أԨ֮ס
ɡʮսҴδʲô˼ɵģ˼ɵԼ߱¶Ǿͱƴȫס
ۣգҩԡ֮գ񱾸ǻŵġ
ס˵ʲôͻȻ޷ڡ
Ԫվʰҩ䣬תߡ
ߵڵſڣȻͣ£˿Ϸŵɷң
Ө󣬷·͸ĳЦŶ˵ӡ
Žһߡ
ſֹأϡ
ʧؿŵµֽʱҲδע⵽˽
ֱͷȻ
һ̧ͷվǰ
ȴһ£ɼĿڴ˺ۡ
̧ͷĿĿڴ
ûκԤףһûз
ͬڰƴʱǴζ޵ߣȴһûС
С㣬޵ƫƫбܵ
û£ġ㿴Ҳûƭ㲻𣿡
Цûм۵ķֺܡ
Ȱӣһ۵ᡣ
Цŵٿ޾ҪˡûµģЩʹʲôսϵۣҶƽƽߵڡﵹµġۣβƭ㡣һ㣬һֱȥ
ŵڶߣֻúʣһӱסȣߵҵˡ㲻԰⵱ɺҵĻ
㣬һ׷
ˣҸҩԡ꣬ЩˡҲҪϢˡ
ɤӦǣߣԼԹȥѡ
ڵֻ̱봲ͷһյ
ıӡ
סС֣һͬڱůš
ŶԷһʱ˭Ҳûб۾
ȺȻЦǵһ𣿡
ӣǸСһֱڡ

˵ţó˿ƵСӡ
С׹գöײ
ȷ־ͽСսģһ
һ±û谵ǰ˵ˡ
뿪ڣȴһ˿ȵָй
ԽԽʢֱȫչģǸСһССء
ڰУǿСӾǺĻһ·ӡ
չ۵ģССӷ£Ȼ£ơ
񵱳һһ㣬Լŵԣ
ۣ˵ĳŵһ
ӣҳʱһֱšҰ㡣ȵԺҪǵֻҡ
ӹâָ©
ֻԽԽ졣
յúܽ˵ͷ
ڰУȿС飬ƺѾܿСĹ
ֽ۱УͬһҲ֪˭Щ
ۣ˯ɡ
Сӱͷ棬â
۵ĺҲƽȡ
ĺ󱳣üŵۣһŵ
ǰʲô£ߡ


45

΢, һҹķѩ峿ʱͣ¡
£ϣһİѩ
һͿʼʰ, ҲƲ͸
׶µˮ, ˵ıúܡ
б£ԶɽѩϹźĴ멡
һ, 촦ϸëҷɣɨϣ˿˿⡣
, ͬСޱߵë
Ӧˡȵš
Ԫһŵ, һҩ˹ȥ
, ô߶
Ƚӹһ, ̲סü, ҩôԽˡòΪҹ˶ʮְ, ˻
Ԫһѽӹҩ, صǰ, ôôû㻰˵
ǵȻΪǸӲģôöԼ¶֣
, һá´ο˵ûʱ˵ϻ, ʲôˣ
²
Ԫ໹˽ȵġ
̫䣬ȱ߱ߵ˵˵ʲô
ҲǸС˵ˡҩԡֻܶĶԡһⶾ, ˡˣôáܰã
Ԫ˵ֲں
һǼٻ, Ԫļ򣬡࣬Ƣô㻹ǲǣ
Ԫһȣذɨȥҷϻ˵˵ʲô
ѩˣҲúˡȸɴص
ԪŪҩݵһ٣û˵
Ҳѩ
͸ӣԶƺԿǸ߸ݼ
ѩһиոտʼ
ˣûƭ㣬ⶾֻĲݵĻɽ⡣ֻѹڵĶԡ⣬Իϡ
굹أһСЦŵüĿ䶼⣬оô꣬ۻ㸸ͬǱ޷ⶾָܻڣҲˡ
΢٣ȼ̫ӸôãҲɨɨҳӭ¿ˡ
ҩ£ԪҲüͷҡҡͷҩġ
ˣҲ˵Ȱ͡գЩҽʱϢȻᴫҡϣʱ̫Ӹżᱻȶϡ
㼪ԡ˵̤ż
ݵҩ㣬ûлͷֻǵص࣬л
ǱлˡԹԵĲˣǶлˡ
ǣܡ
ѩݣȳ֨졣
ԺѱգԪԱʰҩݡ
ůůƺů΢ָ⡣
ԪĦӣϹһССĻȡ

һҹѩԺѻѩ
ֻ·޵ͷȻвٻѩ
ԶԶȥããһƬΨһɫӰС
ߵѩѾò࣬һѩڵֹѩ˵ͷ
Сһ·ǰ塣
ѩԽԽԲһ˫ѥҲȻС
۵һԼѩӣ̧ͷֺõؿȣ»䣬ȥ
˵ţֻ˻ӣȽȥȡů
ȺЦؿҲСһָѩϣһСĿ
ô䣬㲻ȥ
ۿѩ򱻴üЩ۵ؿš
סȵֹ֣ȥ£ٴѩҲ۵ġ
㲻䣿
СָҲͨģȴԾЦţüչЦ⡣
ûµġǰҲѩˣɺˣᱻġЩȥ˵ˣηš
ܽž廹ûСá
ЦſۣһƣԲѩԶˡ
ۼžҪȥһӱס𼱣Բġ
۲ؿȣֿ˿һߵѩЩԥص˵ͷ
ʵЩܹܲһԲѩ
ϾǸѩͻóʱġ
СﱧɣԹԵվһߡ
ȸ֣Ҫһ
ѩԽԽԽԽԲûֵͣļ
ۿѩͷҪ廹ҪۼܵԱߣקקӣСѣ£Բˡ
ҾûԸԲЩȲΪ
ֻקӣֲһ䣺£ԲˡҶûйôԲѩ򡣡
ʶģ۾þ͸ÿѩԲ
ãǾͷȥɡݡ
ۿѩȥѩȷʵԲԲЩ
̣ûסЦ
ԭҲôɵʱ򡣡
˵ҪһԲѩ򣬾ͷҪ
һСƢһ
ЦÿģһסıӣűӲԼҲչüͷЦ
Ҳô˵
֦Ϊ֣ܲΪӣƬΪ۾һöԲԲͭǮ
ѩΧһɫΧ
ԶԶţϲúܡ
һƮĺ÷ѩϣ׺Ÿϲ졣
ۿѩ˺һ̲ס˴ıӡ
ܺÿ𣿡
ѽһѵѩˣ岻һġ
£ȵ꣬ҲһѸѩ˺òã
̧ͷȣ۾ġ
۵ϣ˭Ҳ˵ܾĻ
ԡҪůůӡҪǸ˷纮Ժ׼ٳѩ
ģɺˡ
ůģϻŲٸ㡣
һӾУϣҲůůģů͵⡣
۳Ÿ㣬úóԾƸȡ
ȴҲǿ㲻š
ۣչ磬ôģָʵ
Ÿһ٣ͷЩԥصûѽ
岻ãոջڱѩΪһСѩ򡣡Ҳգص
粡ȻǺֵġ
Ծ͸һˡ
ǿ֪װģ׼һĸǰݡ
ϻûͱһֻסˡ
֣Цŵͦõġ
۵ֱǰ죬ָҪȵıʱһĿС
˿˿ģ˵
ۼջָ߬ģָֻǱչһ̵
ǲһһ㣬Ҳι۴ߣӦҲܺóԣ
ζǼ⣬ȴûôˡ
Ȼ뵽һ⡣
ţôԣѵҪι
ͷûѾߴҴҽ۵˼
£ˣǻʺߵ֡
ǻʺ֣ٳ
ѾڵµţȴûһԾŸ㣬Сԡ
ڣѾȻҲ˵
ۿ˿۴һţȥ
ЦЦСͷЦŵԡ
ס֣ŪԼķ٣²𣿡
Ϊβ˴ֹ
˵ָָֿۣеĸ㣬Цŵۣˡ


46

㷺ζ, üĿȾЦ⡣
һضۣѸǰơ
Ѿߴ
źüŮж߾Ŷ
һۺȡ
˻࿴ŶԷ, ڽ֡
ּջĿ, 񣬡ū̫ӣ̫
Ҫ, һȥ͵Դߣסߡ
, ˡ
Ȳһ, ־ֻά̬
򴽣һ, ιǰ
Ȼ, һ㽫Ծ
, ָ⻹ʣЩм
Ҫջ, ץס, óһϸϸزš
ͷ, ɾС̧֣ͷЦŵáԺóЩ㡣ǰѾʽĸ㶼ѧ, һιӳԡ
仰ص㡣
ۼջ, ؿһۡ
ǰ˵֪
֣𡣷ѩ, һ·֪Ϊ£
Цſ֡
ǻʺ, ø滹Ҫġ
еˣվе㡣
ֻѾܾãû˸ôˡ
ūʺ֮ҩ֮ҩ˵ˣŮҲ̣̫ˡЩҩ̵ҩֱ̫ܽϵİ̺ҽ˿ۼޡ
˵ĹĹŮ½½ǰ
һ꣬ƽ˼ټƷ
ſƷҩ˿ȣһʱûпڡ
ɢɶѵĶӦ
лʺִΪתл⡣£̫Ҫ¡
λεˡ
ֵǽӲһ˲άϵЦݣﻹ˵̫δ¶㡣ϾĹ̫йⲻȥūչֱ̫̫Ȭ̫һƬǸ⡣
˵źģʵǽʺʩѹ
ûڴӦȣĻش
ü֣߹޵ЦˡǱͷˡ
˸ɴĴӦֲûӦ
Ϊ̫ӻҪƾһġ
ūؾľûʺ̫ʧ
л֡ˣΪְס缱캮ȥһϾ֣򲻿̫ˡ
˵꣬Ѿȥ
ЩĹŮҲ¶عС
ڵ
ۿȣ
ΪȲµġ
ߴƣֵݸߣҲõ
̫Ӹǻʺһߡ
ףЦСƸ㣬ιһ£Ҿͺ˵
ûʣ飬Ҳιˡ
ָһƣƻм䣬ΪҲ档
治棿
档ۿ϶ص棬ȥѩ˻û
˵ţ۾ߡ
ãŶãѩôܻ
־קסӵСһϡ
ǰǼСıǼ⣬͵͵صáΪ˵
ȣ̲סϱ졣
Ťͷȣ¿ɱƭˡķ˵ֵ¡
ʲô˵˵Ϊô֪ˣЦŵСԼ
ۿ˿һӸ㣬ʮصáԺ󲻳Ըˡ
ԭǸӲˣǴտʼǹɺãϲļҵģȥ򡣡
˵һ
۲ֱۣ֪Ҳ˼ոڣƫҪ˵桭
ýȢķˣǰЩΣ˵Ļպ㡣
η
һýȢķѾĻˡ
ԺҪԼԡ
ãԺιҡ
£Щյص
ȲΪ
۲ص
治üʵ

á
һá˺ó
۲ؿȣЩɡ
ôʹӦˣ
ɻûŪȵ˲Ŵ
ӿհһ˲
ĵ⣬һƿպһ㡣
Լ죬Ĺĵؿȣô
һ
ȱСȵزӿ
ۿŹִĵصá
ָɴ࣬ǲһ顣
ԼεЦ۵ıӣЦá㰡
û֣պҲˡˣ߰ϣôϢ
ʲôǸôϢ̸֣ࡣ
ȻǣҵĲ
ʺʱ˹Ŀ̫ԡ
ۻǲȵ˼Ҳӽ͡
ᱧС֪ˡ
ȻʧأֻܱסȵĲӣ߸󣬡ʲô
ˣ˯ȸɴش
Ȼص㣬С˯ص㡣
£Ҳûйȵֻı
յҹ˯ó١
ۿȵĻҲ
̫ģĺƽȡ
ȿ˯ӣαסԼҲ⡣

ʮһѩ󣬾˺ü졣
ѩ˴룬ѩҲڻ
ЩϧؿԺҪѩˡ
ָ󣬵Ȱá̫̫䣬ǽȥɡ
ϤȰ棬ЩΡ
ִ⼸գҲûЩʲô
ֻܻԣǸԣҪ
˵ԣۻЩӦ
ܾãһģס
һС̫ģߡ
ʱʳѾںš
۸սȥһ۱㿴鷿ȡ
⼸գȴ󲿷ʱ䶼鷿æ
Ҳ̧ͷһּۣջĿ⡣
ȵûע⵽ǰǣס۵֣ʳ¡
֮ǰһ˵ʲôвˣƵӳԷ
ȱιǱСܾˡ
ոе̫ҽˣ¿Ҫǹ
̫Ӹе̫ҽոջ˵ˡ
ɣȳǹ
״ƽʻ
ȴȻս˫֡
⼸̫ӵԽԽãܽ鷿ǲ
ֲ룬ֻܾ̫ҽ
̫Ӹλ̫ҽͨ
һλ̫ҽ󣬴Ҿͨɫжϳ
̫ҽ
һȥȴ̫ҽıŹֵúܡ
ֻһ׹
̫ҽȵ꣬ҵɫ㲻úá
ҲЩŵţȴƽ
ǣס۵֣һص̫ҽ
µĲΣ
һ˲䰲
̫ҽջ̫ҽվ˳
ص£ҽжϣµĲȻȬ

47

Խٽʮ, 
̫ӸҲֵýһһĿã˾Ʒ
ϹЦ, ű˭ơ
۸ոһ, ٴվ˸ǰ
ֶһվڸǰصȻ̤Ƿȥ
ûӰ, תáոšã˵͡
Ӧǡ
̫ӸĴš¡һϣл˵İݷá
鷿֮, 鰸ǰ, еᡣ
ĽŲᡣ
ˣü͵̧ͷʵ
, Լϡ
ϰĶ, Ҳû
˿Լ֡
ֱϵİ̺ۼɼ, ſֲ˿ȻȬ
ҩܺáҲûнˡֻ, ЩƷô죿
˵ЩǶףص, Ʒ̫, ˶룬ѱ
, Щ, ͨͨϽӯ⡣
һ䡰ӯ⡱Ƕ·
۾֮£̲סЦ, ѹֵͨͨ£ԭΪ
ԭΪʲôԭΪô
Цס۵, ۡžһĵ
᲻أͦġ
±֡ҵҪòÿˡ۱Թŵ
˭˵ģҼµһٶҲ޷
˵ţ֡
ۼֿץס׼ˡԪҾͲ͵һˡ
ң˭
һӳѩþûˡ͵һ
˵꣬ɵµء
ɵܵԶԶĵطЦáҿô׽Ūҡ
벻Ҫ׷Ҳ׷ϡ
ŲСԶЦҡҡͷ
ɵܵ˳һܵʮ壿
۲֪롣
ܻڵû׷һ
Сߵ¨ߣĶ
һɫֻһ롣
СЦſСĵĶ̲סЦáţµż𣿡
¨Ǻױֵġ
ҡҡͷִߣϸŻƣƽôҪֻҪҲǰ壬ǲ¨ġһһĺɰҪҲǿɰġ

СסЦʡ
ʮԪڡ
˯Ѽ䣬Լкֵܳ
ʶѣ߻ɱ
꣬Ը
Ա̽̽ʲôҲû
յģѲڡ
Щãؿţû̫Ӧ
ЩӣϰԼҹȵı
էȻˣЩ¡
Ҫںˣ᣾ͱ
ȴһɫ£βʪţСɵɵؿ˹ӣһˣ
ûС۷Ӧ̷
ȥҩԡˣ˵Ƕһҩԡ¸оΣ
ҩԡЩ죬ȵɫۿɼرãҲָ
̫ңֺοңüʡ
קקȵӣЦŵáҿˡ¸Һòã
Լɲôġ˵ôɿ𣿡Цװӡ
۹˹ͣͲˡ
Ҳ֪ˡС骽ɣҪϴˡ
СﱳţȿģŹסС΢
˫űӺһձ
ʲô
۹ڱá
ȱڴأáҲ𣿡
²۹ȣɫ
ʲôʱ򽲹ִ۵㿴ӣв𣿡
⻰Ǽӻش۵ˡ
۵õشҲˣǾͺáҪúлл򡣸ʲôϲģ͸򡣡
ءϲʲôԼȥڡҪӻ¡
ȱ۾ߡ
ۼҲ벻лԪˡ
ԼУ鷳¡
ӷģ鷳
¡
ڵѾ߷׷ȥԼСܻ
ֵıһֱ쵽ĺʱ֣ҵƻ
ֵĶϣš
־ͷһ
֮ϣӰۺЦ̸
Ԫʮ壬ͬ죬Ĺء
ȺЯߣ˰
Ų뵽ִĻ
ָһ٣ָ滨ƵһͣЦŵá£̫Ӻ̫ˡ
Ŷת
˷׷ÿһ۱㿴ȡ
ϴλЩˣڷ·ȫȻָ
ҽĻü٣̶̼գϽ仯
ôĵѲ³Եɡ
̫ˣɻã
ر£Ѿָл¹ġ
ǱáˣҲѰҽ̫ӻҪЩӡеټҲԼҪ
סȹֻص
ʵĻŹģڲ˼˭
̫ٶϢЩӡ
ȵ۵֣վ¥¿ȥ
ƻǺӣҫۣ̫ңԶֲʵĸо
Щεؿ档
УַǷˣţܲȺһ֡
ţȵá£òԪƽڡ̫һȥ͵Ʋգ
ؿȡ
һû˵ȴ˼
ʿһȣĿɨյ֣Цáȥɡ
л¡
תǣһߡ
˶࣬˻֮УܿƲ塣
ջĿ⣬Цźʵá¿ɻǵã³ҲԪڡʱ»һӵơ
᲻ǵãĵΣ޶šս֡
ͷƽߣȴů⡣
ʿģ΢ֻ̾ս֡
˵ٶ࣬Ŷ٣
̳֮ŵۺ˵Ĺһ̴Ӳߵ¥ȥ
ŮδƲˡ
¥֮£ܶ
һߣĴţ̧ۼƼԶһӰ
һһ̯ǰ
˵áⶫô
ϵĺӵƵڵأɻˤѡ
תǰߣһ˲̧Ÿϡ
˻ɼ
ջĿ⣬ȵӣҺ񿴵Ĺˡ
˳Ŀ⿴ȥʧǰ׽Ӱ
Ҳһˡ
˭ۺʵ
ЦЦֽ̧е߸۴ϡ
ҺԪڣˡ
ǲǲǣ۴󵨲²⡣
ȲشֻҡҡеϻߣҴϡ
һϻһӡ
Ϧҹ߷ơ
۵Žż⽫ϻ߸ȴϡ
£ȥǺ«ɡ
ƮǺ«ζתۼ˸ո̽⡣
ȵӣ۾ġ
ȵͷ͸Ǻ«
ϴβһ𣿡Щίص
治ɫصáϴһǼۡԡ

48

ͬõڶǲ̫ġ
Ǻ«, һڰһǵɽ髡
ɽģü۶չ
͵͵Ťͷһȡ
ĿбӵؿǰĽ־ߵסɫ, ˵ǿĻǲġ
ĺɰĹҵ, ӡ
ǰ׼ġ
û뵽СᱸǮ˵ǼۣСͿ첽ȥǺ«ˡ
תۼ, Ǻ«ˡ
£ҪҪһ۽һǺ«ݹȥ̽ʵ
û, ֲ˻ǲ˵صáԡ
治ԣǵǲʳѽ
ЩϲС
ȽŲһ, תۣһͽɰ˹ȥ
˵ɰķ, һ, ͦࡣҪǰɰ, ô죿
ûǮ, ġ
üһ, һҲɰ, ϲȥﻹǮ
С׼˺üӣ񶼲ء
ָ΢, һС
ʱ, С۸ġѧˡ
Ǻ«ĺܺóԵģ㳢һ˿϶Ͳˡ
Ǻ«ǰ˼֡
֪ˡһǺ«ֲˣȲΪ
ԴһǺ«ݵȴǰ, ι³ԡ¿ԡ
Ǻ«ڴϣζƺѸܵζ
ҧһţɽ髵ζǵ, ˲á

ۿɫܿĿ⡣
ǰյǰ˵»Цÿ
Ϊβ˵ÿʡ
Ҳ֪˵ٴΣҲ淣
С˵ͻǰߣѵⶼûü
粽ۣǰ岻صһ۵ͷ
˵
û˵ѵ²ÿ𣿡
˵ͻظ
úúã˵ˡҪѽ
ͻġ֡
Щ㶵վԭأۼСǰܡ
Ԫ˶࣬ǰǼˡ
ۺؿ棬úá˭ܴеĵգĻѡвҲɻͼ͵ϡԸһߣ
µԪڵĴͳ
һ·߹Ҳ٣Щն̫ס
ϰ廰һ˵꣬˶ȥ
ӾӶֻ࣬м
ϸţֻһ˵κϤ
ԱʵáΪδô飿ĪҵĵѲµúܣ
ԱߵĸҪͣҪھͱȡ
ѲһͷӣѡĻȥ͸ĹЩҲٳ¡
ȱ˵ǰס۵ʾԼȨ
ЦáƣҷǺҲ˵ģҵĻǱһҲڶұһƯµġҲ֪Ҽҵܲûһ
˵̧ͷϿ
̨ϵɾע⵽ԼӵĿ⣬ʹҡҡ֡
̲ס棬ΧЦ
ֿ˿̨ϸʽĵȻקקȵӣŤͷؿ
ҪҪҲһ£
ˣÿúܡ
ȿһۣصáȤ
򴽣ţ촽΢΢ȵĶ
ˣӦҺòã
һķһ
ɥʧǡ
ȸըһֿûС
ͷ˿С̧Ŵ粽ߵ̨ϣЩһԵ˺档
۸˵ػеǺ«
ǰĶ鼱̣˶ͷɥȥ
һ̫ѣǰλҲˡ
˿̨ӾµĵͳǮӣһǵĵ
źÿĵЦȥһ·ǰȥ
Ŀ׷ֱһսǴǹӰ
ٻͷѾ˲ٵ⡣
ұգȡֻҪʮͿɡ
һѵġ
ӣһգͷýšһʱʼ
һһ䣬©ţʼʱ
Щؿһȡ
ôˣһˡ
ڳộְﰲŵôѣΪ˼ҵĺġ
ոλ˶˵һյԼϲĵ
ҴȣǮյö١
ûǰӵáš
˼·һ˲䱻ϡ
Ŀɿڴؿȣֱ˳˳ӣŷӦ
¶ûа̲סʵ
ҡҡͷ̾ԼʧߣϻЦáϲλӣȫԡĵ湫ѡ
һֱŵĴŴ򿪣˺￴š
ҲģţʱصáԪѽڡƸλͬ졣λѡ꣬ģҲ¡ЩƽﶼǲģֻҹһλᣬλĪ
һһ䣬·вĶ˿ʼʼۡ
ȿ˿ŵĴţ絽̨£ǣ
ΪҼѡ
һһӡ۾
ȰеǺ«ӹáȥɣѡϲġ
ۿĵصͷ
۽ݡ
һ˲ֹϣȺȴЩ
ڵ򣬵ҲţԵû谵
Ҳ˵ٻڵĵ³̶ȸһ㡣
һСһ
ССתһȦ㽲һĹ¡
վһǰ
תϵĵţ֯ŮĹԾȻֽϡ
ȵᣬţ֯Ůңң
յ𣿡ۿŵʵ
δػ
ڰԼĳ
۾ЩԣҪͷһʹʶȻʧ
ɣ˳ٳûг
ҲЩż
ˣѡˣǲҲɻͼҴɤŵغ
˶ġ
Ȼڰûл
ĿȻ䣬ǰƿš
ģţ֯Ůĵڵϣѱջ١
أҾȵغ
ڼӰֻݵĵ
Ŀ˲
Űճţѡ

Ǽгʪùζ
תǰһƬڰֽŶϡ
۵
ǰΣܲﲻֹһˡ
˭ΪҪң
һ䣬㴫Ц
̫ԼİΣڿҵҡ
ɤƣֻӵ
üͷ¾֪̫бôʱûȥ±ػԣġ
ôķСǲǻ֪˭ң˭ô꣬ʧȥӦõõһУ
ǿҵİʾ
򴽣û˵
ô²㡣
վߵߣ˻Ƶصáַ꣬࣬ӷظ˽˵ȴˮ֮Уǲսսɳʵ˶塣ʱҵ״Źã֮ˣԮûмʱִ´ŭ顣ŹȻֻĸ׽ѡ
̫֪Ȣ֮Ҳ֮Ů򸸵һ״溦˶ˣȴסʳǡ˽֪⣬̫֮λˡ¾ͻصӵϡ
̫ҳ˱˵Ľʬǣ㣬ȴάǸɱ֡
һ仰һֱֱָۡ
ţָ΢
ڰ˺ܾá
ҡҡͷҲšƬ֮ԣΪҪ㣿
Ϊ˸˵ʵֻҪһ̫㲻˸˵ʵ磬ս±֮ҲΪԼĹѫΪ˸Լӵ»ҵôʿȥðա
֪ҵĸףҵֵܣǱһ˴սϻأȴǳı֮¡㣬ʳԼĳ˲֪ԵЩԹ𣿡
һһ㡣
۾Щ䣬˵䡣
ͷҡͷҲģᡣ
粵ֻ˵š
ЦЦ˻ƵЦĻںޡ
Ҳ˺ġģһصߡ尾شԼߣҲһЩʹࡣ
޷֮ڿڵĳޣ㷢ˡ
ʪùζƺЩ
ۺȻЩܲζ
ԶȥĽŲ
˵˺ˡ
ڿտյģƺ˽
۾ԽԽ䣬ȫ
ƺй
Ʈ죬壬ֻԴ
š֨ѽһ򿪡
ȥ룬ǲǻֻˡ
ٵĽŲǰĺڲȻȡ¡
ڻ谵̧۱ȵĿ⡣
ֶ⿪Щۣûˣûˡ
شվոհǰһ˿ʧ
ȽסȥСĿһ䡣
ظһ
ҹɫī
ɽϵļӰǽСΧס
ֱȴᱧСЩûɢȥ
ϣǿҪѹˡ
ţ߰ɡҲһȣСܲܰϷɡ
˻ɵӣͿܷܲѿˡ
˻ƵɤʧڷУɽϵӰʧ
̫Ӹµĵȫ
޵ڣұ˽صȴš
棬Ԫ
һջ֣ȾʵáΣ
ģûд󰭡ֻһ㣬Щܺҿҩȥҩ
ԪߣͬĻ˵һ顣
ұϵҲ㰲
˭𣿾ҵŵµˡʵ
ץˣġ
Щ̫ܵ졣Ƹڴױ飬ҵ̫ûˣǵʱЩҲˡ
ұüš
ֵĵط
ȴʲô˿ͼ
̫û±áȻظʲôϢ֪ͨһ
ҹɫֻȻȥ
ұݿһۣȻ˹
һֱۣҩҲιȥġ
Сһֱûѵļȱ㳹ҹߵ
΢ۣ۾ֻǰʧ
峿ı͸
ֻƤǿſ۾΢̧Щ̵Ķ
͵̧ͷﲼѪ˿°ʹǳǳĺ
Щ㶵ؿ
ոգӦȵĺ
۴δӣһʱЩûӦ
ǲԪ
˵žҪߣסӣҡҡͷǳǳЦáǡֻûӡû¡
˵һҹӦÿˣһ¡
˱Ȳ裬ۡ
ҲЩڿʣȵֽˮꡣ
ҪҪԶࡣ
ڲ㣬һҹ𣿡
ʵҲ֪𰸡
ˣпɳۣ֮´ˡ
ɾ裬㲻Сһ˽ӡ
ˣԶûôȫ
ȿԼ
ס֣ҡҡͷĴ£ǻ˵Ĵ㲻ҪԼ°һҹҲ۰ɡ
ۡЦŵۿġ
ۿ°ʹĺָ˴ЦáЩ̣ÿˡ
𣿡
ᣬºòÿҶ¡
˵Ц꣬˶ûٿڡ
۰ȵĻȵ
ȸ㹻İ
£û˺ҡ
ǣ˸˵໰ңǵ£ұĪе
˵ҵĳˡ
ȵƺһģԼʣ𣿡
ֱӣؿȣʵ𣿡
š
йָҵʱĹ¡ǡ
Ҳš
˵棬Ҳš
˵¡ֻŵµĻ

49

ȴδ, һһС˵ֻԼĻ
κ˶жҪ
һҲԴݻ֮һС
СĻ, һһؽ˵Ļûκĵı, еĻ꾡˵ࡣ
ۣ֪Ϊû˺𣿡
Ϊʲô
Ҳĵط
˽ץ, ֻ˵ôһͨѱĻЩȥвȸЩ
Ϊû뵽ѡ, лг, һ룬ûѡ, , Ȼִ˿̽鵽಻ԡʱ, Ҿĳ, 㵱ңЩ˸һѵʱ, ᲻Ҫ̽ҵ, ⳡԹޣ
Ǻӵġ
ĵϣκλûзѿ, ͱ
Ҳᡣֻõºúûšο, 常㣿ΪҪΪЩƬ֮Զѡ˺أ
ûĵûа취ĵļıġ
ǳǳһЦ۵Դ
԰ҵ, ЩٵĻӰ졣ǡͣһ£ЩǶԵġ£ΪǸӶ𡣡
üͷ, 뷴
Ȳͼۣ˵ҡЩұ㲻ġµ񣬸˵ˡ
Ƚ۱ڻŻеС˫۾ƺЩҪʹҲܼࡣ
ȵλʱΪҸΪʱֵ֪ͬȢ֮ŮҸȢҵŮȢҵŮĻʺ󡣵ʱΪ֮һ粨ȵ۾òãдԱ׷״ߴ١̫ӣԶȥء鱾õ˽ģǡ
̫⣬˭Ҳû뵽ʻΪһ¶ͷö
꣬ãʺµĳزڳйԱʩѹ£ҺԼ̴ͳַͬ꣬ࡣ˽ǰȥ߹أ˰̡֮£Ҹ׻ؾ
գ˽Գȥ͸סʱЦŸ˵ǰͻģѾ塣
ʢģȴùﶼ͸
ıˡ
սȵ֣һЩů
û£ѾȥˡǳЦŵ۵ȴȾʹ
ʱĸܲסĴŻ˺ü졣ǲŵһ֪ĸĲݵĶң̥ʱ˴˶֮£ĸ׺ܿ
ߵգлΪԮδһֵòɿҲһգҵ游ҵ״ŹŹ֮ˡ֮£˵òࡣһ䶨˺ܶˡô꣬ٸᵱ¡
ɰ񣬾һ̫ƽ
֮˲Źҵ֮䣬¸׼κ顣º֧ͬٷƣĸ˷裬ܿˡ
£ϵһ̿
˵ĺͺû̫ĳ룬Ψһĵס֮ϡ
Ź
׮ĵҵ
ֻҵһ䡰游
δ˭ס֮ˡǣҵ֮˱һеס
վҵ˭أ
ֻˡʵۻ߻ʺ
˹ջʺ˵һĻ
ǵûнǲһоͻᡭ
ʺδ֮밵ʾʲô
ǲͬ밵ʾȲһлҵԴ
ۿȣĿЩɢ
˵̫൱飬·ԼҲ˽ȥ
ỽá¡
ȻۣԼӾԶĻ
Сʡá££Ϊһ仰ʼ˵ġ
˵򸸵״õ̫֮λҿĲͬʮ걼ս山𶫳˺˵¸ôھУŷ̫ӣȥȹԼĵλ
սϵۡ
żܿϵ˰̣赭д·Щ˰΢
Щ˰̱Ƕٴεһߡ
ҵķһУĨȥıҲֻҵķΪȹңȹµաһһ˵λ
һ䡰ȱһ塣
ûɻԼľˣԼ׽ˡ
ȶůЦݣȻĸ׵˵Ļ
һգҲһоůĹĵ䣬Ҳů㡣
ˡ
ЦʹԶȥ
СﱧͷļϣáۣҺҡ
ң㡣
չ˳ŴԵر
ֱȲɿۣԾǣ֡

£úҩˡѾ߶źںҩǰ
һ±ŵɬҩζ΢΢˶㣬κֻȵС
Ƚӹҩ룬һŤͷͶСĵĿ⡣
˷纮ҪҩȲ
Ҩһףݵߡ
ۼĲУֻܹԹſںҩ
ֻһڣͿɫˡ
¡صקקȵӡ
Ҩһףۿеޡ
£ܺõģһ纮
ȻֹĿɿڴؿȡ
ȸոպһҩҨһףιߡ
һףҺһףҺͬࡣ
㶵ģЩûӦ
ʶҩգۼֺһס
һףһס
ۺȻҩΪûôˡ
һҩȾ۳Щ
ҩСڴϣ۾ߣ߻ϵݡ
ܿ죬ߵĺƽ
ȵͷȥСѾ˯ţֻקһƬ½ǡ
СؽƬ½ǳҴñӣ߳ڵ
ڵ⣬Űվһԡ
ȳáܣδҵҹǻˡ½
ĽԤϡ
Ӱ̫鲻׼еڶΡ
ŸոմȬϢ˰಻ס
˶ˣˣ˭ġ

ʮһζ٣ⶼָ
̫ϳϢǾһƬ
Ȱϳ±ԪԺȥ
ҩ㣬ܶ
۵ҩ̲ס¿
°һӣŽ֮һƯµĵ
ۼǸ
ƸµʱǸǮߵľ
ĹÿЦŵ
šԪʶӦһһ̧ͷ۴Ŀ⡣
ҹûп̨µյĹȻĹĹ˵ʲôΪʲôҪֹסĺ档
Ԫ࿴һ۵ջĿ⡣治ɫصá̫ϴˣǵԼġ
Ŷ˵ҾͲˡϲĹ֪ҾͲ͸ˡϾһҵɲá
Ԫҩĵһ٣̧ͷۣصáīߺڡҲթ˵Ļˡ
۲Ԫ˵ʲôЦŵáȻϲ´μʱһҪ˵Ŷҿкܶ˶Ϊûмʱ˵ϲŴġҪǲĻһҪ׿˵ϲС
ϲ
ۻ˵ЩʲôԪûע
Ȼ뵽ҹ̡
Լߣ٩
֪˭
˵ֻһÿĹӣϷŪ˼
Ԫ޷̵ֱ˼
˵𾢵ۣȻضĻأж˵ϲ㲻Լȴ𣿡
һ
ЩãȻؿԪ࣬Һ͵¶Ƿˣ֮仹Ҫ˵ϲ𣿡
ãȻĿ⣬ԪȻЩΡ
ΪСһһϲǺЩġ
ڡ
Ҳԣɻвһ¡ЩҲ
ˣ˾Ͳ˵ϲ֮ĻˡҲû˵ɣҲ˵Ԫһص
ȷʵû˵ϲĻҲûɣҩ
ԪǵҩҡͷЦЦ
һûϵСˡϷС
ɫڣ۴ԪԺӻȥ
Ҫ̤޵̫ͨӻˡ
תߣû߼ȹսǴײȡ
˵Ȼסȵ̧֣ͷЦá½۲ۣ࣬ҪҪһ㣿
СЦܹһƣ
ȱҲö˵һЩ
ãҳһ㡣
˺棬
۲ʱȵ飬̲סʵá¾úú𣿡
ȸպһ룬Եͷáճ͡
˵꣬Ͼ͹˴Цݡ
Сվں̲סЦá£ġˣû뵽յ»ôһֱšǸãӦ𡣡
Щ죬ۣΪβ˵
ʵķѽǵ֪ģ˵ſھͿ䡣
۲¸š
̲סʲôʱôˣĪǸң߳࣬۱ˣ
Ųǣ۴ȵ֣һ࣬˵ǽīߺء
ĲŻ治ɫص
һЦǡ
࣬ɫװ
ѵ࣬ͷͿ
˳ҹĵط¿ûҳͿˡ
ԼѸٿ꣬Щɥصͷ
֪Ĺء
ߣҡҡһ΢ġ
۾ϲ̧ͷһ۱㿴еĻ
µҽȥ򣬶û򵽡
⻰ھ̫
СѸٿùҪ
ѹڻϣֻ׼£Ҫ˯
۹գһָּۻۣһ£Ͷһ¡
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һ££Ǻܻġ
ۿ˿ǰһգٵ¡
£¡
µ£ѵˮ׾ͽˡ
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ط»ѵȻ̽صáտºòã
á
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С
ʮ¡
Уȡ
Իؽ
Сúܿ죬˯ǰȻ뵽ʲôԺʵá»ʱ𣿡
뻨ڻжʮա
ȲСôȥ
ҲǺ롣Ҫæˡ
ҹۺܿ˯ȥ
ȵͷ˿Щ
ˮһ
תۼ䣬ӭٻţ١
ڶ
ȻظʱԽԽ٣ûڵ¡
Լ˽ӳѩһȥŷݡ
һ·һȥ
һѾˣֽƮ
ȴûӳѩӰ
ӳѩû𣿲˵絽𣿡
µˣһǰҰͲϣŵһ¡
С˵žкȥæ
ѡһ˵úá
µţ˳㳢˳³ĸ㡣
һ׷ɣЩ۵ļͷϡ
΢ͷѩ׵ʩű֬ۡɫȹĵһҪޡ
й̲סǱߣŵķ٣̲ס̾
κμɾ
ûЩĿ⣬ŲԶһŮ
ŮδߵؿߵĹӡͬһֽ𰣬ֽ߷ɡ
Ŀ̲ס
²ؿš
ֻڻ￴ĳƼһܡ
ĽӴۺȻ뵽ȡ
Ҳͺˡ
뷨һ
ںæ鷳
С骣ȥǴķ
áʵ
ŤͷͿࡣ
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двƼ٣ǰ˸ǻþ
¡
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ڡ
ȰӣɨۼͷһƬꡣ
һ㣬ƺ޵ζ
ҿ˸Ϊβ˵
Сôἰڣòԡ
ȻʮڣС
ӶæҲΪС¡
¶С¡صҡҡеֽ𰣬ֽ𰣬ӿԸͬţ
۵ͷ˿ֽ𰣬ֽ𰾫£Ŀڷ·Ⱦһǡ
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50

һ, ֽչųա
һһ£˴˵Ⱦµһ㡣
۲ͷȣ, һŷֽ𰡣
ʲôʱֽģ
һֱæ, ۲ѯʲô
⼸գöܳ١
һѧģõһõ, 뵹ľ̴̹֡Ȼص
һ˾ͽˣȵֲ鿴Ͽۡ
˿ںǳ, ۿȴеۡ
۲۰
, ˡӰҴ
Ŀһգ۵̫ӵ£̱ϵ, ˵ۡ
۸Ͻᴵ, һƬëɨȵġ
Զ, ̲סЦ
˶˵̫ӵѪ߳ɱ, ǰ, һɵĴǹ, һ㷴֮ûСӳѩ̽Դȥơ
ɱ˵, ̫ӵ, ɲˡѾ̲סѡ
ӳѩЦҡҡͷģ, ²Ųᷣǡ˵ˣ㲻˵Ҳ˵, ˭֪
֪֪㡭
Ȼֹ
ӳѩһ°׳ӣɵסˡ
ô͵˵ӳѩӦӱһָͨ
Ҳûɽӳѩѵꡣ
̧ͷ˿ԶˣĹЩ
µĲǡܷ֪Ǳλǡ
˭ΪʲôҪ˭ӳѩص
˭Ҳ͵кøУӳѩǾؿӡ
ԾԼոյΪԡ
Ǹ񣬵ͷáѧ֣廴˴θϿ;·˴һãһۡ˵ʵ⣬ȷʵ²ԡĪ֡
֣廴ϿңӳѩҲΪ˵ˡ
šһǸ񣬡ˣһϿѧΪκǶԷ򸾣
򸾡һ֣廴ɫЩҰס
ǿЦáǱߵĹʶֻǼ²һʱҲȷ֪Ƿۣ
ףô֪ӳѩؿ֣廴ȻһԴôˣҲǴġԭʶ㰡˵ѽ
֪̫ܲǵ̫ӵ¡㿴ǲǺܰ䣿ӳѩЦŵ
֣廴ŬվȣͷӦǡ̧ͷԶԶһۡ
ӳѩ˵ٻͷֻѾߵԶԶġ
˵һߣôӳѩֹš
ֽ𰣬һƣҲ˸ոյ飬ֽ𰻶š
һһȻγɵС£
ÿ껨ڣСɾ˵ء
һϵҲǴԼ׳ɵϰߡ
һȣһԼ
һϵӽ˳˳
˵Žϵȥ۾Ը
ȿ˿оı֯ļ́һϵһ߽СȦԼ
ΪҪ
δֻϵһ
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Ǿ͵ûҲҰԸˡҵԸǡ
ȵյ۶ߣصáԸҺۣ롣
Ⱥڶߣ̲ס
һȵĻµԸԼҲŲ¡
С˵ţܵԶԶġ
ϵͬһ֦ϣһµ໥ơ
̧֣βϵһת粽ȥ׷С
໥ţһƵøӽܡ
칫չܺá
ۺŻص̫Ӹ
ѹʱʳǰ˶š
һȥæҲûȥ
ԹԵţʱȥ鷿
ո˽Ų
ˡѾЦŵ
һתͿ̤Ѿ߶̣Ϸһڵ档
Ѿ߽£۵ͷ˿档
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ǡ棿
ģ㳢ߵԣԱߣӵݵС
ۿڵ棬ƺʪۿ
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ζ͸㡣
۵ͷԾ¸ƺȫů
ǽŶ۰һЩ
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˿Եøɾ룬Щ˼
꣬СҲû˵仰
ȵҪСʱקȵӣصá£жҪ͸㡣
Сһקȵӣһڵ
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С۾ˮģĶ
ӸոտʼͲ˵治óҵһ³϶Ĳáóֱ˵ҪԼ
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קȵӣСáܺóԡֻû뵽»³ֽ𰡭
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òӦõǷޣþͽԷһзϡ㲻ҲΪ𣿡
ҾԼ㻹ûеġЩСεص
벻Сĵ
˿һΪѡˣΪҾˡ
ȲοСûҪѡ
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һ˵Լó¾ͺܿġ
һ˵һ˫ִᱧۡ
סȵĲӣ»û˵ԼҪʲôء
ҪǣΪ˯
һ·ۻصϣЬ࣬˽Լ˵˯
۲ǺȻ۾ѵĻơ
뵽ĳ̧ͷҪһȣһ̧ۣͼ˯š
ƽȣ˯ˡ
ڣԡս˿ȴ÷ۡ
뵽Щӵæµֽüƽ
ôæǻ뵽Լ
볤ζǳЦ
ԼôģҪѽ

ٽѾ˺üꡣ
Ļ⣬̤ʯס
Ʈϸ꣬ЩʪС骸ʳС
ڣλԱ顣
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ڼһ仰ո˵꣬λϵѾߡ
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ǣסС־ʹߣô硣⼸ջЩģ㿴䶼ʪˡ
һ˵ţһǣߵ䡣
ëϵˮɾøӹ
Цקס䣬ûµġǺ䣬һ·߹Щءǻţȥɡ
ϸ˿ۣްøһƵ飬ȳȥǶˣԼȳԡ
š۹ԹӦǡ
鷿ڣǵͷš
Ȼ˵ոյĻ⡣ֻٿ࣬ԭĵҲŹȥ
ûãһ뿪ˣ·ոհڳһ̬˲ǡ
ϸƮţ鱻紵һ飬̲סҡͷ֮̾䣬вࡣ
ɱԹˣСıԱЦŵ٩
̾С
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ԱİԹЦļʾο
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Ե𣿡ϰԵʵ
ЩӵŶ͹ȰüҲãʲôвˣСﻹǹִúܡ
Ҳϳȥط
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ֻҪȥĵطҶȥ۲ʲôԡ
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ţȱС
С˯ÿ죬ȵ˯ˣߡ
Űһߣȳá£Խʹս⣬ԽҲ֮С

ǡ񲿵ĹԱӭӺŷ֣Ǵ˹
Խʹ߱Ϲ񽫹˵ͼ
ǣҪǳ¶ˡ
ٹͶ̱ԽʹǰԸ
ʮȥСԽҲȣò
ϸӰƮҹҹòͣ£ȵ峿͸Сꡣ
̫Ӹһ·ȥͣһĹǰ
ǣһ·ߡ
湩λ
۷һ㣬һ¿ͷ
ȼ۾ȡ
˵ҪһطͲµˡ
ȹϣۿס֣ү¿϶ܸˡ
ĸϣ޷ǾԼĺ˳ˡ
ͬˡ
ȷס۵֣ǰλĸ׵ǰ˵ԲңҶһ¡˵пܣϣһҴδ
㲻Щ
ֻϧϲûʲô
밲οȣȴ޴ӿڣֻԵ
Ȱشãһ
ߣֱһıյ
湩λ
ĪһĹ¼ŸС
۲Ծɿȵ֣ǰЩŵλָЩ
Щǵλ𣿡
һ˲䣬۾ȷЩλŹ˵ġ
šǰͬ۸ոһ㣬סָο
ʬҶܱߡжλŹжߡ
ǲģŹλֻ
׮ֻòңЩλֻıʹ
游常δˡ
ֻһλѡ
Ԥ׵£۾ýЩ
ͻȻ常ǰЩ档
˵Ǹ粨֮ء粨˵
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Щ꣬ȴһֱ֮ʹ
ۣһһ
ж٣õһЩ˹
ĹСЩ
ЩĬϣȲǿ˵һʱ䡣
Ţڹٵǰ
ͣ£ڳá£ǰ·סˡ
Űǰ鿴ܿ
£Խʹˡǵ⣬·ţȥ
ŰĻ䣬㴫һЦ
ˣ뾹̫ӵ¡꼱·⣬̫ӵԵƬ̡
Ŀ⵭Ȼһ˼ûС
һ㶯ûУ·û
ϵЦЩҲסȴԾվԭء
ֱǰͨӣ̫ˡ幫ǻǸϽѰһվϺá
ʲôŵˣǸոô˵
ŲáѾ߼ɫ׵ų˵ġ
ǺͿϽȥѰ
˵꣬ҪתߣͻȻ뵽ʲô£ֶȵá̫ӵ£Խӡ˴νСһͬǰΪͻȻ˾ţվһ֮룬̫ӵܰһ
һ䣬˳
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51

ϸбƮ, 紵˽ס򺮲
Խʹߵͣڹٵм䣬ǰͣٲǰΧһȦΧ
̫Ӹͣ, ͳصʵʵ, ͸һ˿磬ȻҲˡ
Թǰв, ̫ӵ£ǱϾԽʹߡ಻֮ĶûаɣˣνԽŷ
һΪ֮ì, ƶȲٷ
ۻ, ųĶоԵĻвԡ
, 
ۻδ˵, ס, ЦЦ, عܡ
, ĿҪľ, Բκζ
Ҫٴοڣߺһ졣
Իͷȥ, ֻһʻ
ͣԽĳǰ, Աͬе˷첽ߵǰֵá·֮ӵ뾩·;, ׼һµĳܡӷ㣬幫ƼݡվѱһУҲȺ, Ӿɷġ
˵УһѾڰæ·Ƶһߡ
Կһﱻ˸ʵ
õñԭȵĳܻҪãԸû̵Ļᡣ
ٵ㲻᲻ص̤һ£óԡ
ڣȵصáӶⰲſɻвУǲؽµĳˡ
ֱӵԵ˼
ǿһЦݣֵá̫ӵ˼ȫ
ԽʹæŻ̫Ӹ˳Ĺٵֱʻǰ
ŢСĽԵ½ǣͷţֻĻ
ʻ۴򿪳⿴һۡ
ɫˣԽʹм侲վһȹĹŨ
ǹƺܵ۵ߣ̧ͷԶȥ̫Ӹ
ңң䣬ۿԽ幫¶ǳǳЦ
ߵúܿ죬ԽĳܿƲˡ
ջĿ⣬˼
˵ԽʹҪϢֻû뵽ԽŹһ
ԹʹŽֻһĿġ
Щ꣬Ŭѹǹɸоų춯Լ
һֱעɫоᣬů΢֣صġǲǳʲô粨ġ
̧ͷǳǳЦЦܵ˰ο
ʱ׷ףֱҹĻ٣һСŽͣ¡
۱۾С͵۾˫۽ǻҡ
ôˣجˣȱסۣǳǳı
۶Ļҡҡͷû˵
ΪЩλ𣿲Ҫ£ߡ
һλ۾̲סĲקȵ䣬СصáţҲ¡
ˣһֿۣһ޼ʵĺڰ
ȫǿĹˡ
һͻأУ̫ûκһŮ˿Զռһˡο̫ӣ̫׼
ֵĻ͸Щ
ֻԼҪָʶץʲô͵һ۾ͶС骽Ŀ⡣
ˣŻūˡСһϽǲجˣūЩҩɡ
ƽ飬üģءֻżجζѣþ򡣡
ʲôһҪ˵С骲ĵض
š
һҹѹȥ
ۿϻõ£ҹʲôʱ˯ŵģ㻻ģ
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һ־;ؿȣҹµ¡
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ڣ˵ţۺδҲ̫
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š
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ǾܾĻʵΪҪ֡
ԻҪڣסۣĮڡá²檡
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顣ȼԵۡ
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Ǿ뵽ˡ
ЩյصͷһʱҲûз
ĬãСڡá˵ˣû̫Ӳ檡ֻлʺһˡ
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룬ֻһ˵Ŀܡ
˭˵ܡڽ﷢ģ檡ص
ķˣ̧ͷ
ûзĲҪҪ˶֪̫²檵ġմ˶֤ˡ
ۣף˽µĳŵ̫áҲһʧ֮ˣŵԶΥ
˵̫ӣпǽӡǻŵηڣ
ۺȻڴ˵Ǿ仰ͼ
Ϊ˾ܾԣǡġ
ĿӣܿеԼҲֻԼ
Ȼǰһգѵˮӹȵ˫
뿪ֱסȣͷؿڡ
ϱ۵ձסĺۿɼغ
۲̧ͷȣͷá㣬ҵķ´ˡ
Ϊδ¶جΣ檵¡
ȴ΢סСԾĹ⡣
̧ۣͷոյĻ˵һ飬òã
պ۽ס̧ͷȣ˫͵ᶨҵķ㡣
һ䣬ǰ˺Ȼյü

ҪֵиץȵѣõѪ
Ʋ֪ǰ˵Ŀж񣬷·һ̾Խߡ
ͣ£򰲾úһԡ
ƿȱ
СͷĻֻܿͨĶʩ֬Ĳ
ϹȻЦ⣬һ·ص޵
һݣ͸ϽȣҲ
ȹϸɴؽ˴ӱ̳ЬྡѣȱСߵ͵͵صáӿɲ̫ˡϾԺǡ
±˵ۺ
Ϊû˵ۿô໰֪޼Щʲô𣿡
֪۱ӣȥȡ
ҲΪָ˿Ƶصá
ǻʱ䣬һ̡
ļɳԲȶ

52

, ղдһ˿ⱻů紵ߡ
ƽǰڶͣ¡
ɣһͿվڳϳ֡
̱Ŵ, 첽ߵ۸ǰ, סĸ첲ЦáɩҲˣҾһϢûõǹĸ˽ˡңҪĸĥþ, ڹɡ
Цϣ˵ĸʱҲ
뵽ܿ˵£ȻΪλᰲȻ
ֻ㹻αװ, ܲİ֡
, л¡˵ҪҼ֣ҲҪԼֻۼ˵Լ⡣
ĸ˵Ҫ㻨֣ĸƫ, ŴҪɿڡ˻ɩȴֱ̲͡סԹ
, Ц, ǻΪֲ, Թĸˡ
Ц߳, ӭǰ, ס۵ĸ첲ЦáɱѾͷ˵, ߻˵˵͸Ļʮа˾Ŷѿ, ƫñ˰æҪԼ֡
ĸ˵һ̶Žŵ, ڳģ
ɱװľӣһ˽ӡķϣҸ㾫ѡ˼Ż֡ʧ, Ժ󶼱С̵ıӡ
֣Ѿ߾ʹһߡ
ȥ֣ȥͻǰˮ㣬ڻüá
ۣһ·ߡ
⿪ٳһյأ񷱻˱ǡ
ϯλѰúãֻŮǴͻ
һۿȥ۵ĿȻס
ɫΣɴ棬
ȵھܾ׺δἰ֮¡
סվûĻᡣ
ϾԽǻֽԽʹġ
Խɽȣ֮Ĳޣ¶
۶ǳǳЦá׳˼ձҲֻͻ
ϾģɽΣǱߡﻹһ԰涼ҾĻ䣬̫ȥ͡
ˣ
ûйܿ˼ѾڣҲûоܾ
Ѿ·һ·ߣһǰ
ƿţ˱ǵĻ㡣
ÿ껨ڻţԺ
۾ϲؿЩ
ЩЩ滨ټɿóֻ֮˵ġ
۰ӣָһƬ档
ϸָɨմ¶ˮĻ棬űǼĻ㣬̲סڴ͵Ļ֡
Ҳֳ֪ܲÿģȻֳ鷿Ĵ̨ϣҲŵ㡭
ţ΢üۼȾЦ⡣
ԶԶţ˾ʲô˵¡
ľţȥü
ˡ
л̫˵֪̫ʱ䣿żɽ
˰Ѿ߶˳Ժӣɡ
ұΪ̫᲻Ըҡ̤Ժӣվ۲ԶĵطЦ
ѰҾܾһΣѱѰ´λᣬ˵Ҫ˵ʲô۲㲻ܣֱ
̫ͨ͸ҽΪƣҪͺ͵Ǹ
Ǹ
ԡҹҰ˵ҰĽ̫ӵ£һҪЩǼٵġ
ؿ̹Щ
ʲô˼
ϵ˼Ҳϲ̫ӣҲɾֻҸҰִҪҼ޸̫ӡҵĸ֣޷̫ӵھܾҷһҲؼ֮࣬ǰû¡
˵û̫ӾֻԸȢ̫һˡ
ΪҪ˵Щ㲻Ҳް
֮²ɣ֮䲻н
ǣҿԲ͵ġڹϣҿ̫жϲ㡣ҵվǸ˲ҪķաǸ˵
ۿȻҡҡͷֹбС
ǵǸȴ֡
ͷһЦ޵ؿۣ̫ϻۡҽ˵ֹΪǸ⣬Ҳ̫ⷬת̫ӡѾܻ£Ǳ㲻Ҫⷢ
Ӳɫܱ֤Բб˼Ǳֻܴ֡
㲻ŵԣΪ¿ܷڡ
أλҪŵֺ򵥣̫Ͳ𣿡
ȵԣԾҲäĿΡ
ۿǳЦҡͷ϶áҵķ
۵۾Ŀ⣬һʱȻ
һὫĻת£ġ˵꣬תȥԵĻٶԡ
һٶԣת뿪СԺ
СԺ滨֣ϸϸͣۼʱ磬ŷػ
ڻϯλԡ
׼ʳԻΪ⣬ɫζȫ
Сһͣ۽ÿ˵
Щ˿ɶǹĸԼоġĸɣûС
Ȼֹ
̰յصͷĿ˿ɫްûַ
ɩ쳢һȻɺóˡ
̿תƻ⣬۲ֻװ֪
ͷǳƣƻƣǲȡ
۵ͷƷƷǰһӰ£̧ͷȥͼһӺɫĹվǰ
жһƣۻͷȻһЦɩѵһ˼񾴱ɩһ
۲ԣʶǰŮӡ
ߵáŮձ㣬̫ӵıá
Ů
䵭ټˣ˵˼ǰ
ƣذɡ
ԳƱ˼ɩһ䱾ʱ
˼žƱЩȣѿý˼ɩ𣿱ɩ˵˼ľǡ
˼˽ӡ
δֺΪ˵ߵڰףҪƱƣѵ˼ȴԡ
ôһ˵˼񾴾ƾԵñͼ
˼Щҧһȴֱңȥ
ߣ̾͡͡һЦ
˼񼹱һҧ´صԼλ
ǴҪȤɩĮҲ֪Щҥˡ
ִһ٣ҥԣʲôҥԣ
ɩ֪ؿۣһյ۶ߵ˵
ɫ仯ֹסԼЦ⣬һ䣬ɩ˵ʵ벻¾Żɩ£ɩһĹ
ۻ˵ЩŲȣûʳ
󣬻罫
һ·۵˸ǰ
̫ӸһܣָЦŵá˰˻棬ֻӣҲֺõġЩҪҶˡȥһһҿҲǸϲ
лģҲܸл
û£ҵļ񡣽վ㵽ף̫Ӱá
ᣬ˵ףĻҲ֡

̫Ӹĳǰվԭأȥ
ǳǳ¶һЦᵽţˣҲɰˡ
̫Ӹһ·ǰ
ۻصʱδ
͵ĻһһҿִСԺģһܾ޵ġ
һֻӵķŵڵ̨£ĶŵԺﰲá
Ҫһŵµ鷿𣿡
֮ǰ˵£С骾ͼϡ
۰Ūһ٣ҡҡͷãԺɡ
С죬ȴʡ
æһУɫ硣
СһκηȥҲûߡ
ϰ¨һɵĺɰ
ۿţ˳ۣѺɰ档
С骲ҳһ̧ͷſڵˣϽȥ
Ųͷ𻰱ͷ
ϣָշŵС䣬ͱϢˡ
˵žҪǰߣȿɲ׷ˡ
һ۱ϣôˣڻ˭۸ˣҰ
컹СܲܽվͿ˳ֱۣڻϳ¡
ûУֻЪһ
СӲúܣֱӴᱧ𣬡һϢ
ѲˣĹĵؿȣֱ˵áҽڻϼ˼񡣡
Ƚһ٣ŹСϣ˵ʲôˣ
ҪҾƣҾܾˡûʲô˵𣿡
ۣɲŸոո˵ңΪ̵ļ仰Ҫ
Ȼĵصáô֪Ĺ˵ģ
˭ȵ˵۵ıӣۣҲ˵˼£Ϊ˵ֻǸİˡ
˵ЩǼٵģ˼û
ȴ۵ĻŮűõݽӽңͼԡ
Ů޷߰ˡ
ۺӽңȴսʡ
۶㿪ҲûС
Сƭӣո˭ҵĺɰȥˡ˵
۵ıӣÿ֣صáҲ֪ô£˵˼ϲ㣬㣬ҾͣͺȻúҳϣСˡ
ɥصͷЦһС°ͣ˭˵СˡҺܸˡ
ˣãؿȡ
ȲͣǰСﴽһڣͣؿ
Ժͻˡеۣ˯һòã
˵ۣҲûˡ
۵صͷӦǣЬѹԹѵȻ
˵ĺƽȣ̧ͷ˿軹δѿĻǳǳЦ
ȻҲһϲѽ

Խʹ߽ĵգ񲿾ͺʹ̶һ¡
ĴͳʱɻԽһϸ£غĲԼ档
ҹɫѵǹ
æٹעһ¡
гĦǸԡ֣ǳǳ¶Ц
ϵƼ£ȻϨ
վҪˣͱ˽ס
һѷĶ̵
˻ɫףͷ
ҹ紵Ҷɳɳ죬˵ûС
һҹȥ߷ǰס
ԽذھҵѰúá
ȥ׼£۴С
Ѿ߽áԽ
ü۾Խ
ǣѾˡ
ɡ
ƿɱɴ棬߽Խ񣬡̫
ض񡣹ʲô𣿡
ԾԼ֮޼ıҪվ
и̫лԼƵϣζ㡣л̫
˵ţѾ¯
¯£ɫ
۸֪⡣
ѽǷ˵Ըһµ˼
ٵˡ
ۿ˼¯뿪ܡ
Ƹ֪뷨áǷ顣̫ڵȼ¯Ĳϲزǿ󡣡
˵۲پܡ
ȼ¯Ҳ֮Ĺϵ
ţ˰˵ȼ¯
¯Ʈ̡
Щؿ¯ζ˵ζûһѬŨء
лζ𣬹ա
ҡͷ̫̫ϲ㣬Ҳİˡ̫ǡ
ߵøɴࡣ
߲ãȱƿ
һȱŵ޵Ĺ㣬΢΢ü
ζŨȴЩִ
ע⵽鲻ԣü¯ôˣǲϲζԽ͹ģҾζ𣬾ˡ
һ˵һǰ¯𣬡ܵС骣¯óȥ
С骽¯óȥСǰߣӻѾ߶ȥ
֮׼ã軻װϳۣһװɡЦСü۽ǶЦ⡣
װһԣۿſյ񣬡иѡĻ𣿡
Ѿ߶ϳȥˣ˭ܰ
ԹۻǿʼΪȿ¡
ѾܶΣȳԶĶ
һۣװػϡ
һ׽סҪСӵڻͷһڣѧˣ֮ǰǰ׽Ūˡ
īߺڣ²𣿡Цŵ
ǽ߳ࡣ״׺ݵ۵ĶͷߣӿӢˡӶƲ۾
Ųᡣ
治᣿
ᣬ϶ᡣ
˵ЦԶȥֻʣǳŵζ

53

, ϯλɢŮϯλϡ
վڳڣһɫװĵ˸ͦΡü۷, ֻڿʱ
վԱ, 죬ЩĵصáСЩ
˵, Ķɲ
ز׼ˣƻء
ģǻ˲ҡȿο۵ͷ
ۼض㿪, ʡñ˷١
̨ϵȵ¡Цŵ
, ֻɿȵ֣˳
Խӵܷɫ, Žһ, ڡ
ƥ, ͺŽ, ս
̲סսӵİ, Ŭά侲, һվ
̫еǺͶׯ
, ˡСָųϼص
ǳǳ¶Ц, Ŀһֱ׷ųǵƷӰ
һƬУһȻ
¼䣬һӵܵرȲҽ, ƥ񱼳ԭ
ãҪײˡ
񱼣ת˲ײȵİ
۵˲, Ѹվ첽ߵΧǰȵӰ
ᵽɤۣ¶Ц
һƬУŰһɣŰϣת۾䵽˺ϡ
֮ȴûз񣬺ʹŬҪ˦
Ĳð亹
ͣţϣĮ
ԵıӰĿ
Խʹ߿ʼ·ѾӮˡ
Χսս
ĵʹȻͷһָױϣָѪ
³ˣ
֪˭һ̧ͷȥ
ϣںϣɢһԾյĺߡ
Χ˲件
źͣԭأתȥδյˡ
ôһۣӵܵ˹һ㡣
񱼣Խʹ߱׷˦
һ䣬ʤ
ʤ
һ䣬Ȳʡ
̲סߣӻСܣһ·ܵյ㣬ܵߣקסȵ䲻š
£㡭
û£ġ
Ա˰УǸӵ̧ܱߣɫʹࡣ
ȥ̫ҽȼ̵طԸ
ҲôȻˤԼˡ̫ӿҪúѵһѱˡЦŵüĿǿװɡ
֪źһ̵顣
ЩֽŲɾֻϧԶߣʹٱӵֶҲӮˡһε
ԽȺǿһȺϣһȺʹֶεϡ
ʲô˼˵˭ߣһ˼̣Ҫ
̿ɲ£мؿˣô˵ǰЩӮʹֶεˡѵԽҲֶΣȻοô
¾ԼֽŲɾϸϡ
˵֪֡
һһֱ̣˵쾱ࡣ
Ӯ˻Ҫߣδ̫Сסˣص
סۣͷһԣʱһСƽϣô̻Լ˹ءǵһΣҲһΡӵܿɲɱ衣
ڳ˭Խ˶ֽţԼҪװͿ
˵ۻλԵԭɫѿ
̺һĿм뿪
֮ס۵֣á򿪡
֣ߣûµġ
򿪡һ䵭طԸ
Щչģ˵ָ¶Ѫ
ʲôʱ˵ģС骾һعϽȥ̫ҽҪĶ
û£ҲǺۡۿοص
ȿűϵָף̧־ͺݺСĶͷƭ
ίסͷҲ˵ˡ
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С骺ܿõҩͰײҪ۴˿ڣȽӹҩָϽ˵һԡ
ҩ۴ʹ̲סü
ȿ۵ģ𣿡
á
˵䣬ٴһ俪ʼˡ
ϸؽС˿ڰã̧ͷе
һ£Щӵܶ˴̼һ־
ԽһԽЩʹߵѿý
ϾǶݣһ˶ûʲôͷ
һ϶Խʤ
Ҳû̫£˳ϵĸ㣬һһתͷȣ£ͦóԵģ㳢
СַϥսۿϹЦݣ˳еĸ㡣
㲻壬΢
ȷʵ֮øҲһЩЦŵ
ϵЦȴźۼȵ֡
ĴдĴ۵˲ȵס
ԾЦááʱҲѧһЩõ³
˵Ц磬һ¿ʼ
УΧһƬ
Ȼһ죬Ȼأɼ顣
˱̲סؿ
񡣡С骼ѡ
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Ƭ۵ϻһӣѪӿ
ۡ
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ۣ˿Ǻۣ۴ſǻ£۰
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̫ҽĶ
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£̫岻ʣ̫ȴ̫ظˣūһ
ǰ볡ǲϹصġ
̲סüЦŵá̫̫⡣ȥɡ
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˭ܿĲãи̫̫̾ͬʱҲ
⣬Űһ·̫Ӹȥ
ڣ۽ȵ֣ôǲǸˣ𼱣ܿͻظˣһа취ġ
ֵ¶һ̣۾֪ٴζˡ
ҪøѸ͡
ʱѾɫף۵ļϣϵˣôôɵ
ְ취ҽ뿪
ֻҪû£ٻһ˿Ҳ¡
κ˷ȲԣֻԼơ
ɵ
ȸоʶٽʧĿڲϴĵʹͷ亹ϡ
̫ͣӸţŰɨܼˣϿڽȷȥ
ڵȵԱߡ
ԪɫԽԽѿ˺üʩ롣
ʶѾģ۾
۵ţŬҪůȵ֣˫Ȼ
ôˣ㲻˵ѹסôֱ۾úʵŬԼ޳
ԣġ
Ԫҡҡͷǲš
۸о͸ĵ⣬Ŭ侲ǲֶˣ׼ҩԡҩԡ϶ѹƶԡ
ԪЩһۣѵҡҡͷβС
Ϊʲô֮ǰԵġ۲ŵؿԪࡣ
ԪЦҡͷ֮ǰ˵ܰȻȥǰᣬǲ֮β˿⽫ڵĶɵҩԡҲֻʱѹơҵĲҩȻ
Ļ˭ס
Ĳأչˡ                    
лҪ˵һ½ⶾ²»ҵĲ

54

, ϡܿԡͰˡ
īɢü£𣬱ϺѪɫ, һ̾ͻɥʧ
Ღɢҵ鷢, ָƽü塣
£õġ
ǳ·һܴɢ
һ, ת̤ԡ
ϰһµ¯¯ǽ˿͸
С, ¯, ȥվ
ظһʱ, ѽ, Ҳûվˡ
Ԫ࿴С骰¯, ǰ, סȥ·
ҽ, һغΪĲݵҸ޷ȷ¯ǲ, ȥˣҲԲϡο, ˭Ҳܱ֤ǲǸ塣
ôĿ¯, ѱкС
֪ɫ侲Ԫ࣬Ŀ峺, ׵ġǽ¯¡Ҳȥ
, Բ㸰վۣѵ㡣վû¯ҲԱʽȵǰֻҪ඾δ壬ûа취顣ⲻĴ
Ԫȵʲô
ɵ˭أҲֲԼġ
۵¯⸡ڵǰǻô꣬ôĥòܰȻաһ˲䣬Ǳ㽫еŬ򷭡жĹôȰԼ𣿡
ԪĿһ٣޷۵Ļ
ֽ࿪ӣҪһȥöŰš
áһ֮ǰͰˡС骣
ߡ
ܺã˵ƫƫ˿ů⡣
ٸվͣȣ۱ƿ
վԽ۽̫Ӹƺһŵǰ
ܿ죬ߵŮͼ
̫롣
վҲ࣬ȵӣ͸Ӱ
ŮŴ򿪣˵һԣ
̤ӣС骸
ﴰţվڴǰҵؿۡ
ҵ˵ȥҺһܶûˡҰҲĹҵģŹҺòã
˫ĿʪвĶšεؿۣϣܵͷ
۵ؿС骽¯ǰ
֮ǰǲǸһԼʲô¡¯浽װʲôƵ𣿻ıѾõĶ㣿
ŵؿ¯ҡҡͷǶ㡣˵㲻ġ˴鿴˵ûġ
ˣ˭˭ϣۼǰսֱۡ
ʶԣֱ¯£ĵ׵ĿֻŲϷŴ
Ҳ֪Ĳ֪棬ԸҲòĻ˵ˣ㲻ġңûҪκˡ
ŵʧȥִ磬۵֣ŬҪԼ
ۿſֹԽԽ
͵سԼ֣бһѶ̵¶˳
ɴ۾ӡ
ĵһ˲ĺ䣬ѹһѪۡ
ɫһϵ˵ʵ˶֣ұԸ
ʹԽԽأֵؿۣǿһİˡ
δҲжɱ˵һ̡
㲻ɱңڴ࣬ս±𡣡
ңҼȻвһһ׼ҪҶȻһûʲôµġ㲻ͬ㻹ˡص·һ̾ɱˡ
ҲҶУ㲻ϲ̫ˣô죿
ķ·˺ݺݴʹά侲ҽΪҪѰ㣿ҪװͿˣҵ޵ġ
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ĲǹģҲܲԸİΣ¯ңֻ˵ʲôˣ˵Ը绹Уôʸࡣ˺üǶ˵¡̫ô£ܵġ
һ㣬һֱ˵š¡
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۵һ̵ء
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ǰĹԽԽ۾Լ˱ѩУҲԽԽǰ
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һƬڰУǰվǰ
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ڰںˣȴôҲ׷ϣ׹ԽԽʢƺҪͰ׹Ϊһ塣
£Ҫ
һʶ£
͵۾ӳϤĴᣡ
Ťͷȥһ۱㿴ߵˡ
͵ָȥȵ֣̽شȵ֡
ֺůһⶼûС
۲ŵסֻ֣ȣۿԽԽʪ
ᣱƿ͸
Сϲؿۣˣɻﲻ
һֱȣȵ֣գۡ
һգۣǰֳá
С骵˵˼̧ͷС骣·ʶǰá
¡
ģ˵ûˡһֱҪȥ
۵ͷ˿ȣɫѾָԶûҩԡʱôҰס
ĿڵĿǱϣɿȵ֣ͷӦáš
ɫ谵ܴ
Ԫֱ߷һµĻ衣
ֻһ̲ݣĻƺѾϡ
̤һ۱㿴Ǹ衣
һ˲䣬һð˳
Ĳݣ
Ԫ̧ͷȥԣĲݡģ
Ԫû̫Ӹ޵濴Ĳݡ
Ƕʮܲſһεĺ컨ӭƮҡ·һ̾Ҫ۶ϡ
ЩΪԼˡ
㶵ؿǻ裬ϵ·ǼǰԼֽҿӡ
˵Ϊ˸ϲԸÿ仨ϡ
Ԫ˵Ĳݡ
ǣƽڻҵĻôᡭ
ôĲݣ
벻ͨﲻԣʲôؼĵط©ˡ
ԪüͷĲݣһƵͷ
˭Ҳû˵
Ȼһ󼱴ҴҵĽŲѾܽϾһƬˣԽˣˣ˵Ҫȥлػ
˵ʲô
ôᱩУ
ڼ˵һȥԽˡһҧ֣Ҫȥлػ
Ѿ߻ڽͣ
ڼ̤üϸáʥϿ̫ͣʻõ顣

55

̫, ɡڼϸڵ
Ԫ༸ߵߣŰվһԡ
սģһʱûж
ô, ̫ҪΥʥ𣿡ڼüͷ, ۣۼҲǷ̫ĪҪΪǡϾ, ۼҲЩ𣿡
Ѿвˡ
ɿģá, û¡
Ԫü, ˵ʲôûڡ
۲ͷ˿ڵķ
ܽȥ, ʱӲ֪Ȳѵ¡
ͷˡ
˵, ƹԪҪ̤š
, ڵ΢ĽŲ
ŲԶ, ͷȥ
ŵķ, һӰԶ, ſɵۣԵúɢ, Ǹո˯ѡ
Ҫѹµ̫ȥһ᲻ʻ
ڼɫһ, Ӹµƶʱʧͷáۼҷ̫Խһ¡
ת˲֮, ڼ̬Ⱦתһٰʮȡ
ڼȷǰ˲ǻӰ
ǰߵ, ץס䣬̧ͷ･Ứ֣ˡ
šȵж£ֻʣͣûˣ
빫һȣҪѣᵢá
̧ͷڼ˲䣬Цǳ
ڼͷӦǣ˵ʲô
ٳǰ˸ǿ̫Ӳڣ㲻ع˼ʲôϢ档
ڵУȱƹҪ֮ʱֱ߬ס
۵ͷֲš
Цһ̧С°ͣһ۾ͶϺͨͨ۾
Ȼˣ˵˾ͲÿˣҪɳ𣿡ȵ٩ŵȥ۽ǵᡣ
һ˫ᣬŬסĳ嶯
һ㣬һ͡
һҲѲˡ
Ĳݣ۸ĺ
ûˡһΣûˡ
οСĻһʵ
ֱסۣͷѹˣȥֹ
֣˲е£͵ҡҡͷɱġҵʱúõġ
֪Ƚϣǣס۵̧֣ͷĿȻΪҪһԵϡô˵£
Сﲻ׵ر롣
һ·ʹ
һ̤ڣ㿴Ϸŵʬ塣
Ѫɫʣɫ԰û
һ˲䣬۲ʶˡ
ʱǰúõˣת˲
߹ŵѾѿ޵۾סŲͷۣ絶
㣬㺦áôģôң˵žҪǰ
վߣһסԣסļ򣬡ӻ侲Щɻûǹµ̫˹㼱¶ΪΣ
Ҫʲôۣһõˣòϵ˿ھΪġ
Լ֣ǰߣΰסɶ֡
δ㶨ʹʧѹݲ׷ҲĪҪ̫֡
Խģһжȴٰ֡
۶Ҫ˵Ŀ⣬üͷ
жʮ㣬˼ޡ
һֳе̬
֪Ӱ̫ǻǵޱض˭˹Խһʿڡ
ѹվԱߣʥ¶Ҫһ
Ȼ˭Ϊ޾Ϣͬԩ޹֮ˡӼ˵̫֣к֤ݣ
ߵѾΪ֤
ԵѾ˫ۺףԵĻЩӦͷáūǹ澡һȷʵ̫
ǿзʲôϵ˿ںΪ
ū澲֪ʱ̫Ҵҵã͹˵⣬òСֻԼڿޣƻ˵һ䡮㲻ɱҡַ֪ʲô̫赹̫Ӹ˽ߡҵʱˣ̲סһ䣬ǲ̫˵ġˣҲҪ˵ȥû뵽ûʱ͡
£ŵá鲻ѣҲҶóЩ㡣ȸãʹ벻ԣӦҾòԣŶ룬ͷֹ֣ڴϣѾá
˵ַ꣬ؿ
ң˵ĸһܡ
ʱ̫վ˿ɼ̫ߺδˡΪ˭
ָۣѾȷ֡
һڳĲֹˣдµĹԱ
ЩԱнĸо
̫ѱԽ᲻ս¡
Աǿ۵Ŀɣ۲⡣
ȣһֱ֡
̬ȺԣԽĻ
ƾЩӾ붨𣿡ؿԡ
Щ𣿳˭¶ã֪֮ΣҾڴ֮˵ϲ̫һ¡Աʹص
˻һ򼵺޶ɱ
µ˷׷
̫ʲô˵𣿡
ʵʻܲ
սȵ֣ͷáȷʵȥϵ˿ҲȷʵǳΪǣ檾δɱӵָ򼵺޶ɱǺ޵µ֮˵檣Ϊϲɱģ
ΪҪã˵ûɱģ͵û𣿡Է
һʱ֪ô˵
ȥɣ˵
̧ͷȣǳǳһЦ֣áģҡ
̧ͷԣɫ˲ĮӼ˵Ƕһҽߣʼ⡣
üͷһ壬ȣûЩ
̫ƽˣƶָزܳɹ
˼Ǽ䣬ڼԪ
ŵй񣬵ȥ鿴״
ϸ鿴ϵ˿ڣǵһֹˣ
ǡͷӦǡ
̫ʱɫΣǷ󣬴ɫǷ񷢰ףͷǷ麹
ɫֻǿо鲻áɫףͷҲû麹һ߻ţһ߻ش
вأǰҪ
һ̧ͷͶĿ⣬һ١
Ԫڷʣ̫ߺһֱ𣿿뿪߽ȥ͹ʱ㿴ɫΣͷǷ麹
ߵ͸ҩýȥʱɫͷû麹֮ûٽȥһֱţû˽ȥ
Ǵ̫ߺ͸ҩŸ˶ã֮͸ȥָ˶ã
ţһʱҡ
ãˡԪ˵һԡ
վţһʱ˶֪Щʻ˼
ڼҴ˽ͨá£κ䵽ˡ
κ䡣
κ䣿Σüʵ
£ڽ֮ǰκǰȥվѲ顣Ѳˡ̹Ȼ
ԶʱǴ඾û˽Ѳס̫𣿡
ĪԽʹһ졣վҪ̽һû©ʲô֤ݡ
Խʹ߼죬Ǳ㲻˽̽ʲôҲ˵ݺ
޷ֻ˫ȭ
κ󻹸Խʹλߵļˡʤǰ档
һԵĿЩԾ
ԶĿ⣬Խò
ݼ£򰲡
ɡȥվѲ飬ɲʲô
£ѲվӣӵӲһƿҩ֤˸ҩΪѩϸ࣬о綾ҩбùĺۼ
һԳ˾
δӦʱԪáûжϴҲѩϸࡣ

56

սš
Կųѩϸ, 鼤ʲô˼ҪҺԼ̫ӵ£㲻ۺܻ𣿡
ȷʵܻơ
ۿϢ, 뵽Ǹ, ֻĵס
԰ɱ֣Ŀľ̫ˡ
һ֮ս¡
ĪҵĻû˵ꡣԪͷ, ضԵļ֮
˵ʲôʵۣҪߵڰ, ȫƵ𣿡ɫࡣ
ʿ漸Ҫľ, աáѲԽʹ߹ͬͬ½еģûٵĻᡣӲѻ, ֱ硣
ȭͷ, ԪĿﶼǺ⡣
Ԫҡͷ, ͷáѩϸǾ綾, ͿĨ˿ʹؽڡж߻ڲʱɫ, ɫʾѪɫ, ͷð麹˵̫ߺһʱ, δֳж֢״͹ȥҩһʱ, ɴ˿֤̫¶֮ˡ
ոЩͷԵʻʱô
ϵԵĿҲԾ
˵ѩϸ, ˭֪˵٣Ծɲĵطֱ硣
ӿ̫ҽǰ鿴ѩϸĶ֢״ҽϽмءһԡԪ಻
ȫѪӿܸеԽʹ߿Ŀ⡣
ɣʧ
µ, ޱ粵֮ء
ʤŻҵԣҡҡͷֹס̾
˺ģƫƫ̫ţҩԼУ
ʤ룬ϲ¶ֺǰһƽ֡
£Ӿɱ֮ˡ´˶֣Ů˵ҩǸҩ᲻ᾭתҲŮֹǵʱҩںδǲѾ͵͵ߣӷӱ𡣡
ʤ֮ԣֱָ
ҵؿʹҡͷûСô¶ӣڴˣûС
ţһظûС
ǰžһİ
ίڵأԼˮûкûУҡ
ûᡣ
һߺ޵صá澣Һã뽫Ƶͷϣ
˵ţ̧žߡ
ӡȺһԵĶͣ
ҵףǲǸµ̫Ǹûв࣬ǹµ̫ǲҪԩ˵ԽҪǴ࿪սʱնҪΪһ֮ܵࡣ
һȣǿɢĿֻôĵ׷⡣
Ȼ´ԽԸõǸʤǰڡ
ԶʤĿ⣬һǰ
ǰá³ç̫ȥ֮ҾǸֻǣһһʡ֪òϵ˿ں
ֱۿ۾˫ûбʹֻͱ˵ĺ⡣
ڣҪһ
ۿѾߡ
ˣĵūҲҪֳ
ʼôڽա
̧ؿԣ˵ǲܼ޸̫ӣѱ̫ͬӸȰˡ֪нգǾࡣ
һ仰˵˭֪
ɫѿû¡
鵽ˣѷ
Խ˴ߣԽʹҲ׷뿪Ա뿪
ʺȻڣ̫ӽǰϯΪ岻𣿡
һսȵ֣ͷáñµˡǳ岻ʣµңǰϯ
̫尲ãвʣҲҪʱ˵Ҫ伲ҽ顣
ס
ãҲˣ°ɡ
ڼ뿪
ۺҲߡ
Ԫ໹棬ǳüͷչ߰ɡ
Ĺ£Ԫں档
ͷһۣһƬ½Ǽ
̶ں棬̽ͷǰģѲӰ
ͷЦתߡ
⣬Űԡ
һ˳Ͻǰá£ƽڸˡ
˲̧ͷŵؿŶŰЩΪԼ˻
ҵķܲһ겻ɱ⡣
ߵһ룬¡
ص޵۵½ʪһ롣
ѣ̲ס񴰣Ļģ
ôһˣȴ˹ϵؽԼ
Ƚʱʧؿ档
סС񴰹ϡ
ס䣬ͷ
ͷáĲ͸һ̣Ѿˡ
Ϊ¶֮𣿡
Ĳݣֻһͺ
ɡ
ɲǲǣ뵱Ӳ˸ϵ
֪ж֪ҪĲݣսĲԵؽǡ
뿪ʱǾף
վ㵽ף̫Ӱá
ȷʵһʼ˽Ĳ֮·
̲ס̧ͷȡ
ڼʱǰǻ䣬һߡˣҲõͻȻԣܶĥ
һΣĺˡ
£֪ܺãҺܸˡ
½շô£˽ΪȽⶾ¸ˡ
ĵ£ںˡ
ȵͷСὫϡ
СԼϣߵ鷢£󣬡㶯ˡ
۲ؿС骺˵ģ
šʱʲôнҩĴ𣿡
Խȥԭȴסȡ
۵ͷʱȻ˵ͷᡣнҩһ
СĿᶨûԥ
ȵЦ˼ۣá㻹ǵõ޸ҵԼ˵ңҰ뿪ҺˣҪ𣿡
ߺȣȴȻס
Ȳ˵Լ˵Ļ
԰ˣҪ뿪
㣬Ҫ뿪𣿡ЩСĵʵ
ЦץС֣ĿԵĹâᡣ˵̫Ӹ뿪ûô򵥡ۣߣҲߡֻܴߣԶ
ǺܲĻȴһ
ǵʲô
ΪҪ̬ȡ
ȺȻսǼĴ߹ЦֻصáҵС㲻ң㰡
䡣
۾ԼըһƬ̻ɵ㶵ؿȣ˵ʲô
˵ϲ㡣ۣϲ𣿡
̫죬Ӧ
ƺûϲʲô˼Ѿڶ˵á
汩ң֦ҶЮ
ڣûлشҵض㿪ȵĿ⡣
ãŵáңҲ֪
ûϵ
Ȳ΢΢ᴥ۲ѩ׵ļ
Ҹʱ䣬ش𡣵ǣܾܾĴ𰸡
Сԥǣܡ

57

µ, Խʹ뾩
ĹһƬĻбꡣ
󣬾
½ϰ, ʼһס԰
̫Ӹæµ, װõӡۿеĵӣϸŻʲô©ġ
վ鷿ĴߣһۿԺеС
һ, еĵӼרע鷢ƣ·͸Ź⡣
Ṳ̋鷿á, Ӱ, ڽӴ˼񡣡
ȿۣصá, 
ھҾ, в
¯, ѩϸ, ֪ܶࡣ
, ڹ͸¶Ϣ
̧ͷ̧ͷԶ, ɼʳǵݼ
񲻽̫ӸæţʳҲæ׼봺԰
ȵճ԰, æ, µʱ
غ̫̫һأġ
, ½ǡ
ԺܺãרעؿŵӣӺȻ˳, һͷͼվ
ȽֵݸѾߣСߣؿˣܼԻᰲźһСźһֱڣҲЪЪˡ
Ȳݷ˵Сߣһѽϡ
Сﱧ˸ͷáЪһòЩ¡
ȵĻŷٱңһץס֣ôôϲҵͷ˸СèƵġ
СèȿۣǰСﻯСèģЦ
ᵯ۵ĶͷЦáֻСèϲҹ￴û»ϲԼﲻˡһҪը
У۲ؿȣֻĴϻ׼˷ߡ
һĹĵӣȴ΢
Ŷȵѹͣ۽࣬СĶϣֻСèϻֻСèھҵצ£ҪҪӣ
ͳϣϸϱ죬ת˸ȣ˵ˣҪ˯ˡ
һڸס
ȵ͵͵Ц˼С§øЩϻĵǺܴģ˾͸ϽܻзʢʳſɰСè
űӣۻЦŶ˵ģ
⼸գǵദ֮ǰһ·Ǿ䡰áֻõļ䡣
ֻڵĻش
˺ƽ֪˯Żװ˯
۰סԼĿڣ
תסȣϹССĻȡ
ٵȵȣ󣬾ˣһ׼õ

³ģʼҳӴӻʳǶǷ׷Χۣһʥա
԰ľ벻ԶʳȫȻͬķ̨ͤ¥󣬴͸Žˮ
ϵһȴҲԳһ羰
ͣڴ԰ǰۺСڼ๬Ůɺ͹ȥԵԺӡ
̫ӵԺڶ۸սԺӣʹ̻
ɩ
ǰЦáɩôһأ
£ǰȥ顣𣿡
ûУһɩ̲õЦţĴ£ʵáϴԽһ£˵һҽɩԽı֪λҽûи
Ŀţ·ֻһʡ
ЦҲװ֪ʵáΪ𣿡
УôܻһİӣҡͷϣֻЩʣ̫ҽƫƫﲻơûиˡ
ԭˡµİûиʰã˴ȥɺã
᲻̫鷳ҲǺܼһģ
Цҡͷ鷳Ҫ
ͥԺɵʰţһ⣬ڷʰá
źۺһ裬ԺﻹһӣŤͷЦŶ˵áԺӻҪЩʱʰءɩȥһ䣬԰ķɺͻʳǴͬ
ЩͲסˣȥߡ
֪˼͸ָԶһͤǴͤӦãСʰһٹȥ
ͤλڸߵأˮ죬ʢԶԶɼͤ˷ɫĻ䣬Ȼɵһͤ
ţü¶Ц⣬ãȹȥɩһҪŶ
˵ߣӰݣС骣һᱡĴʵЩ
ͷã߼·
ͤƽȴԶúܡ
̸ͤͷŻ㣬̧ͷⲶ׽һӰ
˻һƺŲҩͤķߡ
۾һ̲ס׷ȥСŮЩת˲仹Ǹˡ
ͤлԶˮ
ʰϣͤУȴ̵Ӱ
ϻŸӣܲµǸո뿪
ǿʲôˣһС骣ҲȥЩˮ⴦⵹ĺá
ϣСӦߡ
ͤ·滨䣬Ҷֻɿһǡ
ߣӰҶУ̽򻨰һǡ
춯Ǽ㸡ͷζŨЩ
һ죬ҶеӰȥ                    
лҪ˵ʡ˭˭Ȧ
PS㻹һ

58

, ɽͷס
ӿĺˮ߼
վ±Ե, ºˮڵ
, ɽ粻ͣ·һܽ˴ȥ
پɢŮӱѹ±ߣԾɻš
˼ҵؿǰ, Ϊʲôߣ˵ץ˾𣿡
ߵӵͷһǱ˼񣬡ûʱ򣬵, Ҿͷߡ
˻, ·ӵˡ
˼񲻿ŵؿ̫, һôߣ֪Һ̫, ôĹңһô̫
һķʿЦ޴
˿, ˻ƵЦáΪ, Ƚջܻ뿪𣿡
, 㡭˼񾪿ֵؿǰ, Ϻˣܡ
ĵסȥ·, ŵõڵء
Զִһ˵ĽŲ
˻ƵЦ, ˡ
˼̲סǰ֡
ʵּ䣬߳һˡһۣ½Ǳ֦, ȴ⡣
̫ӣ̫ӣ, ̫ӡ˼غţ·Ǳʡ
ؿŶǰĺˣǰֱָˣ
ţЦŪؿȣ˭뵽̫ӾһջΪһŮӸԸ壿˭֪ļϵˣôô׵ط
۱µıԵֻҪһƣͻ¡
ŽƺڶŻԲ㲲Сʹ³
۵һˤڵϡ
Ҫʲô
ˬ죬֣һչһƿҩС
ҩƿǰһӣùȵĽűߡ
ҾͷС
ܺȣ£ܺȣǶҩ˼񽹼ؿȣѹĺˡžһȹȥ۵˵
û˵Ƕҩˣܻ𣬴̫ӣ
ĸִŨŨķ̡
ٸߵȨƣٸߵΣץס߾ֻܹԹ
˫綾һ㶢ȡ
Ȱȼƿҩ
ҩĸһƣȵ־ֻҪ΢бһ㣬ҩͻĿС
˷·Ѿܿȶĳһȣ˿ע
ȿеĶҩƿһɤĪζ𣿡
ϣСġѡ
˻δӦֱ۾ʹ
ڵصСﲻ֪ʱѹɢڵأżĵƬת䣬վȵߡ
ɢŶҩƿֱ۵ĺˣ̫ӣˡ
Ƿ׷ص˵ߣ˿յƬС˺ϵαװ
֮£Ȼһ
Ǿ䡰̫ӡ̵úܣ̲סЦһ޷𣿡
̫ӺεֶΣöƽңֽ粨ôӣֻϧЩƺ̫á
м
̧ͷȥֻж˹֡
ʸǻںߵİ׷ײе¡
壬Ѿȫ׼µڸʲôߣúһģƽϷס
ϵѪֹ뱱һ˳½ǣþһáϣӡ
ӣӣ
˻ƵЦЦжǳ
ؽߣ֮£յİ̺ۣªֲֿ
˼񡰰ؽгŻܿű̲סֳ
ǳûң񾹰
ЦüЦᣬ̧ͷؿȣΪ̫ǸçԭҲļơ
ȿű壬еĶҩƿƽϽ˷ʱұݲԡѡûн߳׽
㻯ģƽ֮ңҴң⣿
Ŀ塣
ƽϰʧĿյѪծԸñ
һЦţȣһˣȣҽˣĵ˲һ⾩ҪĿɲֹһһ죬ػƬϣڵ㡣
һ䣬һԾ
Х֮£ڵĺˮУҲӰ
һ仰ǻһ˶ߡ
ȿһ۶ں˼ĮƿĿ⣬Ѻȥ
££ʲôûңҡ˼ţסȵ䣬ܿ챻ӰѺס
ԽԽԶ˼ѺԭأǵӰԽԽԶʴǡ
һΣİԼ˾                    
лҪ˵õ¸Ȧ

59

紵仨, ˮԺ䡣
еһˮż㣬յšһӳ
վǰ, деľ, ߴߴ
Ժ俴Űúܣ࿴İӰ
һҴҵĽŲ洫֪˭һ, »ˡ
ĿһԺţһ̤ԺС
üۼȾЦ, ȹ, ȥ
һ˽ȵĻУϸϸؿ, ĵʵ¿ˣ
ü۴Ц, ᱧС, ̧, ¡
ڰİӰ׷ʧ, ѾԾûнȥ
ûѬ, Ʈ񴰣Ⱦ˵ıǼ⴦
۹ԹԵȵ, ץסˣ
, ˶¡
£ص
Ĵȴõѡ
Ǳٻ壿
ҹ԰ǰ˾̶, Żµʱ滻
⣬ֻԪ˼濴֣Ŵ԰еļϸ˳ȥ
ֻδ, ǸԪڰڿ˵ԩˣǱ̫ӡ
ٹ𣬱ٻʵһѴվʳǡӳҲ˲òɤӾ٣ʮ꣬ŶƽҡһƲɣԽɱҡ²ߣҲǵȲˡ
¯ûж£ĵϻλʱûжֵĻᡣ
ᵭ̲סۡ
ѵĳȵϣеһƺķйڡ
ǵٲҰĲҲһ¡
ԪǴΣǲҪҵĹϵӣ
ûšȿָۣṴ鷢ѩ׵Ĳӣǳǳ⡣
̲ס㣬ץס֣±֡
֣ʲôˣ޹ؿۣͷ۲䣬һɵζ
ֻҪŵ
ᴥѩ׵ļоСĲȱסСͷļϣ͵̾ˡۣѡЩĻ㿴ɡ
ôԵܲС￪һϣû
ƫ뻰⣬ûشҵĻء
ȲҶ۾Ͱţš
̫֮λüѣκˣҲ˭ȫȻһˡΪ֮Ϊá
ֻϧۡ
ɵ˭ţֻ
˼ѺΣѶܿͻнˡ
Ѷ˼񻹺ͱ˴ͨ𣿡۲ʵ
˼ͨ޿ɱ粵ΪλҪѶ
Цһ̧ͷָۣ۳Ľë
̲סۣ˵Щ£нˡ
ʲô£
֪ˡһ£µĻѡʲô㲻ܿͬһ͵ĻҪһЦŵŸѡʲôܴ̼С
ֻһۣµûʲô顣
˼һܵһߣȵҾڵĻͦõġ
գüۣ㿴Ļڲڡ
ôһᣬ۾
СܵŻСǰһ򿪣տյġ
ǰѾʰģѾ߲Ǿֻǡ
ίͰ͵ػͷһתͷͶվԼȡ
޹ЦţѾѽ
£ŭغ
ȵͷţˡ
˫һ죬ֱӽСŵƱʲôǸӡ
ȽСŵϣ˫ֳԱߣסȥ·
ŤͷȥһĵˣҲˡ
治ˣЦʵ
治ˡޱȿ϶ص
Ц̾һǿǸҲŲˣѡ˺Щģϧ
ۼŤͷһȣòָϽתȥ¹߻ƭңҲŲš
У˰ѻˡ
˵ߣ̤һ䱻סۿͰ͵ؿ
ƭңˡ
Ц˴۰۵ƭ㣬һ¾͸
һ£
һ¡
ᡰ࣡һ۾ؿȡ
Լָ£¾͸
£

̫¶Ϣ龩ھļϸ
δ䶨֮˼ǩֻѺڵǰ
üĹԱĿ˵Ů״ʲô
ر£Ů˼״丸ҵݺŹԼ֮˵С¶ᡣ
һʯǧˡ
ŹһȥôãȻֻôһ仰Ѫ
˶ԡ
ʿųĹʣŮᱱĻţҪݹɣš
£Ůڹɵ鷿ԱŵżиǰȥѲ顣ż漰ڶ࣬ײ顣̷ֱԲܡ
¾ɵżǰһһ𿪣ֻһ룬žͱݺӵϡ
ƾ⼸ţ붨ɺ𣿡
һ仰˲䳶
ŵ͵׹£ĵף͵ع£ûк°
¿ţ̷ڵϲԡ
¾ɵֽƮڵأѸ˵С
վǰˣʼѵ⣬¿ߣĿĮ
ңֻ¹ش󣬳Ҳһƾ̷ڵء
䲻ң治ңΪҪڴ֮ϵ£ز鵱֮𣿡
ŭֱѹ
̷治̧ͷԾɴңֻ¡
ʲô
µ֮ԩŹݷ粨ƴս飬ȴ˵ļıУ
˭ˣڰʾʲôʽۺݺӵ̷ǰŭ
֪֤ԡ
ԣ˵û𣿲˵ɱΣҳΪۡ
һԳù
ֻȺةԾվš
ȿŭĵĿԣһߵ֮䣬ȥ
ز鵱Źһ
̫ҲҪ𣿡
ҡֻ֤ǰز鵱Źһ
ŭؿȣδѵ⣬һ˹м䡣
£ز鵱Źһ
ÿһ˶С
ұ߳󣬴ز鵱Źһ
Уһһ
ָĴ󳼣ֶǶҪ𣿡
Ȳңֻɰˡ

ϣ۽վԺڣһѾߴӳܹ
첽߹ȥΣ
ϻڽšͷΣǴǲˡʺűȥϢˡ
򴽣ķ

ҪȥĶѾš
ۿ첽ǰߣһ·ķȥ
ԽƺѾܿЩִŵӰ
˵ʲô¡
˵Źԩнˡ
һʼڼƻ£δԼ˵һ䡣
£׼ȫϷ
ŵÿһ¡
˵Щλһʹδǹ
紵Ҷɳɳ죬վڴ⣬һ
֪˶ãպ󽥽б
ʱҪֱ治壬źȻ򿪡
߳
һۿۡ
ôˣȼǰ۶ͷϵ麹ѲܣǲǵȾˣ
ȿκ֪վ˶ã˶á
ҡҡͷסȵ֣ǳǳЦ£ǻȥɡˮӦڡ
һ٣СЦǳ·ȫȻ֪շ¡
ЦЦ˹۵ıӣסߣãǻȥ
ʣЩǱ˴ж
ʵûдӦɰŸῪ
ûелΪ֪ȲҪллΪԷʲôΪһлл
Ⱥɢ̷ͼ
ٳǰ˶һۣһоڲС
ŹǵĶ£ȥʮ꣬Ҳһ̡
ֻڵȣһ죬Ǹ곤ɣվǰ棬ɰ
գˡ
ضԩʮ󣬻ָ޹֮˵ס

ɰ֤ȷ䡣
˽һ£мǣ㡣
Ҽ֧ڳеµ̰Ӵѡ
ʥּµһ죬Ҷڵأҳҡ
ͬʱЩڰλһһḮϡ
ģȼ
ϣÿһλ
ߣȰˮӢۡ
λϿŹỳԶ
վŽˣԡ
λ֣صطм䣬ϥЩѾλͷ񣬻ص游Ůǻؼˡ
߽Թ飬εĹ»ꡣ
֤Źҳϲ衣
һһȥ˵ĶС
̧ͷȥܿؼ䣬Яֶ顣

60

һ, 
ֻһ⣬ܽȳһ
̤Ժڣûڴڴ۵Ӱ
ڴšͻɱ
⼸ղ֪ô, ˵, ŶԸ
ڷű飬ࡣ
һ̤ڣŵݵζҶζ, ƫƫ۵Ӱ
̫أ
ص£ڳ˵Ҫѧϰΰӡ
΢΢ü, ȷʵ˵ҪѧϰӡȻ, Сǰֿ϶صͷ˵Լᡣ
òԶȼ߹ȥ, ṳ̂ȥ, ˵Ц
һ, ܿϰһѵҶۺ̷ֱһ, ߻Щõ, е
ۺ̸Ц, ˭ûע⵽վ⡣
ֱһۻͷȥ, վ, ǰЦŵá»ˡ¿쿴ҰӺòÿ
ָŵϼббӣ©档
Сѧ˼, Ӱá
ÿ츳ܺá治ɫص
̡͡һЦָϽס, ҿȡ
ҲãȵһҪúóҰӡ
˿ݿʲôԣ²ظ˵⼸ѧӵĵá
һǲҲ̶õӣһСԵõһ̾
ס۵־ߣˣȥЪһ
ӻûء
û£ȥ
ĹǶ
Լнţõġ
ԽԽԶСϣͷ˿տյȣֽҶ˻ȥ
Сֹšáһ㣬´λҪҸߵÿѾͷ
һһŵŨŨ㡣
һݣֺܿÿӡû©׵ģҲûι״ģһÿúܡ
֣ͣ¿ӣ˺һӦڡ
˵ţԼͰǿһӵҶݵǰ
棬Щ塣Ȼ治ɫسˡ
ϾСָġ
Щģ
ЩӣȵһηֻڳѧĶ
ӣǡ
ȻٳﶼǶÿġ
ǰЩְģҵЦúܲãµͳ
Ӱһţ˵Ĺ֡
۲ʲôҶǿϰװ׵ӡ
Сеؿûоܾһӡ
ֻһڣɫͱˡ
ЦŴ۾ʵáôòóԣ
ɫЩŹ֣ſӣЦŵͷ۵ͷóԡ
ǵҪŶ
á
һ¶ǣ۵ͷҲȥӡ
һӣǰĲ豭һһܿ죬һˮͺȿˡ
۳Եеʣˮһտյģûˡ
¶ˣ۲ؿ
һصáϳ˵û࣬Щʡ
Ŷǵٶȵ㡣
ˮ۵һȣȿ˿̲סùȥꡣ
ۿƴסЦͷȥӡ
˲ӣ֮δһƵߵơ
װ֪ΪΣֻһ䲻ԡ
һǵûָճˡ
һ̤ԱߵѾߵͷá£ȥĹˣ˵ĹѰһÿĻū˵һá
ܺãõЩˡ
Ҫ̤ȥˣѾֵá£ﻹ˵ϳһ˴ҲȤҪġңĹƺЩ
Ƚһ٣ͷտյӣ£÷ɡ
С˵ҲûҪ̡
˹˼գ³ʮ΢ꡣ
һֱɫȲŴ鷿߳
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һߣźߵһˡ
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˵꣬͹ȥݵš
˳źǰ߽ͷ֪ںδ
һ£еĺߣһȦȦָϣһ·ߵҵǰ
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һһֻ͵Ĵϻ˺У˻ӴܣСɪɪ
ڶôϻһȾѪСצצϻҩ۾ﷺỨ
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һţСڣϻ⡣ϵԲСӺʹϻ
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Сڴϻ˯ú㡣ϻŻеСӣЦš
ڰСվһߣϻһߣצצϵĺű˴ˡ
ȿһߣһ˵ĺ΢
¶Цݣƿҵߡ
һڵˣ鴮ļ·£˿ͷϵķڴ飬ߵĺ챦ʯ׹⡣
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ǵʱ۵װ硣
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Щŵס֣úܿ죬ʩű۵Ѻ
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̧ͷӳǺӣ£֡
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ЩӵĲΪ˽֮档
ϵ۵ָϣһܱסС
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ѧӣֻ̿ǽڡ
šһӣҰúܺá³ԵǸҷ˺ööεġζΣ
ζ
Цۣᳶ˳еĺߣվйģ
Ȼͣ٣ǰסȵĸ첲Цҡͷǡ
߲ס˴ˣáҾ˵£֮ҪҪأߡ
ţϼҪȵĶ޵繣ߣµ񣬺òã
ȣ΢΢˴ˡ
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ȿСһĮĿ⽥Ⱦ¶ȣ·һ̾ǰˡ
ס۵ʳָ۵üǼһ·£һָѹĺ촽ϡ
ýǹζš
ҵպֻҵģԸ𣿡
ͳڣգҾ񡣡
ţøЩ
촽΢ı˴˵ĿﶼĹ⡣
£ˡ
֮ĶԻϸš
Ȳ׽Ǿ仰ĴѹĹ⳹׳ԡ
ڵ£ɫļ¶ѵڵء
ڵѬƺŨЩ΢ΣӳϵӰ
ϸ΢Ŀ֪ʱ˳ֱòš
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һҹչϣ˯ȥ
ʼ䣬ок˴Լϡ
ִȥδۣץסȵ˫֣סϷš
ᣴ䣬֪ʱΡ
ۣЩίؿȣ£Ҷˡ
֪ʱҲµعʱ
ؿ˳Լ֣ۻǲϷš
ЦŴսһ¾𡣡
һѷſȵ֣סͷ߷߲ƽؿ¾һ𣿡
һ˵꣬ͳ⺰áС骣
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ƵβӴβȥҪȥ׾ͱס
ûҵķԸ˭ҽ
Ѿߵһ˭֪ڲʺϽš
εؿȣԼСӣͰ͵صáĶˡ
ţҲˡڴͷָĦСĽס
ղֻܼؿ
۲֪ԽԽĳ۸
Цһѹ³嶯ɿ֣ɡ
ģСؿȡ
ȵͷֶֻʾԼ
۹´һƬǽ壬ϸϱ졣
ȿСıӰҡͷ̾Ц
˽գ㲻գշ
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û֮ǰȣ΢紵ż⡣
վǽ£ŴĻǽ俪ã۵̲סժ
˼ժĶȽϺãԽһ仨ժ
ǻңȽ۵ķ䡣
컨ˣ޷ƿĿ⡣
Ű龰һ£½糯εˡ
˲񣬡εˣ̫ҽ˵
˵ǲ͹ȣ̫ۡºҪȥһ𣿡
ʵ̫Ӻ̫ɲȥ
Ƚ컨۷ժ£һԵѾߣܺá
۲⣬ʲô
ЦſСζصáʱ֪ˡߣȥǵı¡
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ɫЩ԰ףŲá
Աߣ˵ŰοĻ
£̫Ӻ̫ˡڼͨ
վڲԶˣ֪ʲô
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䣬ڼͨá£
Ӧһ㣬̤ڣڴϵĵ϶Խ£ɺã
ֻǽϢĪҪǡ
˵ϸϸ˵ҪͲƷ
Ա֮£ȾԵ䵭ࡣ
ੲݵ˵ţʺȻ۾ˣǶȥɡ
ʵ˵Բǿ
ĵ˳ȥ
ո̤⣬ڼȻ߳Ⱥǰ档
¿ͣӼ½̫Ӻ̫ͬӺĪʧ
ݿͣ˭˶ʵ۵֮⡣
¶ϲɫȻܡ
ɫƽ֪
Ϊɰ£ʵѶ
ϣۿȣͣ½ŲЦŵáҶڵߡ
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֮⣬һ仨ʲôΣգȻЦáá
һʱ̫ӵԺ䡣
֮У֭Ӵиָ䣬쳣
֮СŭЦĺ廰



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ʵ۵һղһ, ֻ˵ǲ͹ȣ˭ܿʵǲˡ
̷ˮӿ, ÿ˶սľصš
֪ǵŻʵۼݱϢ, ̫ӸϢ
֦Ƶǧ£ȱۣŻ, ˵һҳ㷭һҳ
Ű߽á, 
ۿһ, չȥһڣĻ, ȥ°ɡ
ץס۵ֲ, һ, ŷſ, ԹԵ, Լ
εؿ, ͷӦǣҿɲ, ˵㻰
˵, Сܻӣ۸ˡ
ЦԶת鷿ߡ
鷿֮, Űͷá£Ҫжˡ
ʵ˥ٳٵȲ̫ӵʥּ, Ȳˡ
ⲻ֪ʱס̫һԵЩѹ֡
δƻ裬֦б
վڴڣڷɣܲ죬üͷ
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һӣŰ߽ͨá£ʺ˵Ҫ̫𻰡
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Ƚϣߣˡ
Щ
вҽ̤봺԰ʢķõ㡣
۱ۣЩ
ǰյǰ顣
ʺڸ¶ʳж
ԴΪвտڲԣһĲݡ
ˡԸԼΪԼ¡
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ϵѪϴˢţɫһ㰵ֱҹ٣ⳡͣ
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㻹ǻ䡣˻ɤ㲻ɹġ
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ᣬǶׯĻʺ˻ֻҪһɡ
޵ʵĽűߣ֣òãȵ̫֮λҰѽҩ㣬㲻ġ
޵ô֣һᣬôͲأ˵Ѿˡ˵ĸɱĸףұƷ衭
㲻Ϊң͵شʵĻΪȢѡ㲻Ϊңǡ
ҡͷƺԸʵĻ
˵ΰѾˡ
ʿŽ㣬֪һֱȵڵԭ
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ʴӸ׵ǰ˵Ұ㣬Ҫš
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һ
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̤һʯףٹٺں
סȵ֣ڣ˭Ҳ֪ű˴ˡ
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š
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ۿ˿ȵģûʣһ£ϡ
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ѩ˺ü, ʳѩɨֻѩѹ£±ⲻϵ±ˮ˵ֱֱ
ǰС͵ؿԺ, ֻһĶ񡣱ˮϵֱ, ȴûһ㷴Ӧ
ûһŮǰȰ衣
֨֨
ѩϵĽŲԽԽ
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Ԫ硣
ֵǳһľͻΪԼˡ
ǰ, С, סüû֪֡
̣ȥ˯һɡ
Сͷ, ƿ, Ƕ˵ɱĸ, һ㡣Ԫ, ǲǣ
û, ·ĻѾ˵Ρ
, ỹǴۿ£ûֱ֪ϡ
۵ؿ, ס˫, ŬůһЩ̣Щġܿ˲˵, ΪẒ̇ҪסĸԸǿúóҪǿ, Ҫˣǰ̲ˡõĹֵ۰
һůС̧ͷ꣬ۿᡣ
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šãҲġ
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걧סıްɣ޳ͺˡ
᲻ϵ䣬֪˶ã⴫˵
ؿ뿪ġ
ͷ̣Ҫˡ
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СĿ˲ܾ̾
һ̣ҸˣҲڹˡһҪúõģ۽ʲôҪչ˺ԼסţҪġ
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С޵ô˴ߴԽԽ
ֻܺĵվתߡ
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ÿһС͸͡
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ߣΪӽⶾӦףһΪӽⶾ
뿪С
̣סҪšѣҲҪȥ
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С޵ڵϣһ仰˳ŷĶС
˺꣬仰μס
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Ϊ̡֪
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δһδ
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һ·ֹܵ͸ԿԪΪ
ͣ½ŲƽһŹŮʵΣҷûңɫɺã
ɫܺã϶Ʋ۵ġ
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ū澲ңĺܺÿ
Ůı֤̲ŷ
ׯ̬ߣȵŮͨ󣬲Сߡ
ɩտɰã
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ѩ֮ʱ䡣
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´͵͵Ժ˵ߣͲߡ
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ķ

, Խ֣ʢӭսͬ꣬Խ, ¹һ
, ŹĹǰұȼֽǮɾĹϵĻҳ
, 㲻һֱҪ뿪ǣɽҴձ, һȥһ, һһߣ˲ؾɺã
ĬĹӦ
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ɽ, ˵һԡ
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һҪչˣ
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ұЦļ, һԵˡ
ۺվһ۵վԱߡ
ұ֣, ī骣
ǰСŮץŽұЩᣬܲ游š
СкõĻץõ֣ҡͷáԺ档游ôãҪϢġ
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𣿡
ģϵһ겻䡣
Ů常ذӡ£Ц
ұǰŬסĲᡣ
常ȥһ·ƽҪдŻȻĻޱӵġ
ãһšұЦŵ
ȣδڣȱסۣ϶صáһչ˺ۣġ
һ¡
ұһˣȥ
ۿ˺ԽԽԶ骻̲ס޳
骿޵īСһο
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ը̲סЦ
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ɰ骿ӵһ𣿡
壿
۲׵ؿīóŻȻ
ҲҪ׸һôϷˣòã
á
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ϲˣʲôϲѽ
ͬŮĿڣЦſȣˡīȻȥúýʲôϲ
С޵ǰߣεؿԼӵıӰŮĿ⣬ֻܽ͵áϲϲǼһ˻᲻ԾĿģáأǲԼڸʲôһμʱ򡭡
Ȳܿ죬ܿ͸ۡ
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