µһôҡ
: Ѷ

İ
ΪĩʱߣƽΪϣ
ٳһ֮ͨ
Ȼƽڶɽٷʱˡ
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û뵽ǣһǧ磬Ϊȫż
һűᡶҪһǧǰдģ
ഫرͼû»ģ
ɽΣؾĶ
ɽ׶ĺǰĳ
ĩʱ⵽Դݽߣֱſʼա
ƽµһΪ˴½мԪĸ
ǵ֮ʼ档
ΪĴڣɽǧꡣ
ƽԼһǧԽ塪ɺ˱ᣬϸѣΪ٣һʱҪĲģ
جο֡
˼ȥҲһѡ
ȻˣȶСĿ꣺
硭ػµһ

ʧȥ֮һǧ꣬޽ӻһֱǧСĴڡ
Ͻʳĵռ˵Ϸȡ֣ӴĵΪϣ
ĵֻܿȴλ֣ǲ׸
ֱһ
֮ī٣Яѩһʶء
߰Ͻžط֣
һǧǰΨһǸеη
Ȼˡ
Ķָϡؿ꡿
1.Ůաģcp飩Ů֮ĻẰˡ
2.ִ壬ع۷塣
3.ǰڴŮڷά
4.ɣ˽ڶ
5.Ĳдİıİÿ
[н׶Σ----ɹ]
ģ
𵤡ԪӤ
£
ΣСˡ
ɹ飺ɽ

ݱǩ   Ůǿ ˬ
ؼ֣ǣƽ  ǣ  
һ仰飺ˡ
⣺ѧ


ǧ
1 
ƽʶʱ߾׻صľ컹δɢ
һ룬ͷԼǰɫһ䣬ȫ
ǰĵնȫڳĽƸǣܲ׹⣬ֲָ
˿է磬ɢﾡʪˮ
Ǹ졣
֮һ׺ݺУʹ༸˺ꡣ
ƽоԼƺѾڽлҷ
űʶɢоʧ
֪Լʶںڰж˶á
ԭƽΪԼˡ
Ͼɽʧܣл֮ܵľУɢҲ
ΪԼ˸׼ȴû뵽ٶ۵ʱ򣬾Ȼܿա
ƽڵϣУ̲סһᵽľζ
á
ûʱȥƬ
Ϊֿˡ
ӹ磬еˮֱƽظȥ
ƽüһһ൱۵ڵϴ˸ٶȱܿιɿǰӴܶȥ
˼ȰӰȫŰ׵ѪƵߣֳ׺м̵ĺɫޡ
ѪɫԵߵɫҰ
ƽʶһ̽ȷȺΪߡ
͵ĲߵҲ𵤾ǰóѹܽȺ顣
ڡ
ƽ˸շ޷ۣϸ˸ˡ
۵Ťһ˲ȷ岻ġ
벽ΪûС
ľף.ˣ壬ԽһС
ƫƫѪùմײԭ׷ɱ˱
һ֮ʲô飬ƽһ㶼֪
һ·±ߣƽ޷飬Ҳ޷ߡ
գƽһ˲κν䡣
Ȼᱻһ±Ͼ
׷ľԽԽѾܸܵ׷Ǳ̹ǵѹ
ƽվھ±ߣĵҸòҪһ֮ΰɣ
ξˣһȺΪ߲𵤾׷±߱ǲ̫ˣ
ƽһ񽥽ͬһ̶
ӣҲȷʵ޿ӡ
תֱ׷
һ˽Ⱦ죬۱±ߵ˷趯
ƽƽؿ׷ԽԽ˸ľ
׷ɱ˶δַĳֲ⴫ط
Ϊ֮˿ƽ֪ΪΣЩֻš
𵤾ΪҪд׾١
û뵽СǿϸˣܲҪһ·ӵ
¶˾·
Ϊ֮ûжԣָ£һ˽ɱָʾ
޷羪Ƴգ׷֮кɫĳͬʱϮ׺ڱβļһƽſݣֱ
ƽеķɿ任ţɫĶ԰ף·һҪɢ
ȴȣ׷ɱ֮˶̲סΪ֮Ĳһ˲֮⡣
СĽƽǶâڸǣ˿ȫòȴֲѹ
׷ɱ֮˶һ٣һʿͷų˺˵ơ
ֱƽһʱΪ֮˲žԣˣҪԱ
ƽ˲Ϣ佫ڲƵ
ԣĳ̶ȣһ˲š
Ϊ֮Ǿߺ
ƽѪĬĬ˸ۡ
طǲСΣ֮ǡ
˵Ա
Ʋ˭ء
ֽ¶һЦݣӿȥγһɲС
׷ɱ߿ҪԱļ
Ϊ֮˵ĳ޴̴ƽؿڣ
ͬʱƽǿСĽɳ۶ƮƮ䵽׷ɱ֮˵ǰϢӿ
õһƣ׹£ٲӰ
ǰ׷ɱļˣ˲Ϣͱû
ʱƽµ䣬ǰϤĺĻ١
ʧȥʶ֮ǰƽĲȻһΡ
ǣǲǳ׻ˣ
Ϊʲôյԣ˼飿
ǲ뵽ĩʱĴģδй澰

ܣ¡
˪ϪߣӰ
԰ЩǸŮһV֣Ϫ˸
˫մ˺࣬һĴԻɢһغڰëǴɺϰġ
ŮߣһŮûͷƵ˪ϪߵʯͷϣһľббţڵأİϪˮʪ
ŮһöҶֱؿŮĴӣߴ٣СҪòܳԡ
С˹ػش𣺡ʦƶɺͨҪлɺףʱ϶ȽлҪöࡣ
ŮӱְһգҶ˸ǻ߰С
ˡ
ԣݸ߻һɼȵİӿһɺëöֱ
ô˵Ӷ͵͵ΪѺɺ׿˳ԵΪҲֻһֻ۱һֻۣûмƽϡ
ӵӣܵš
ܺųơڡ֮һ֮۷Ĵڡ
Ϊţ翴Ǹ߲ʵ
޷ӶڻӺűߣźŮӿӡ
ʦ㣬֪㲻Щ˽ӬӪļҷԸȥǱǰ۾ˡ
ͽǧذһˣɲ㣡
ӻʦǺŮӣ΢̫ķ
΢һֻۣƳӣ³Ҷ
ϸ£˳̫ǰػƣҳʱͬżΣ⡯⣬߸̫𣬸̫Ѭǵġ
ЩˣΪ츳ϼѣʮͣҪʦʱ
ɺϣʦܣûꣿ
ĬЩǲܳǰġ
¶飬ɤӲŵ
ȺӶǸѡĺӣٲãôŵùɼҶǣѡʵģⲻ𡣡
ʵڲģλʦ㣬ʵڿŲ
ͽϣ̫ŵЩ
΢üͷ΢
ǰ᲻żӵģҪЮԼˣ
ʦ㣬ģֻͽֻʣһ
ǰһ̳²ɢޣĸǶĵλ
ʱ⣬ǸԤܶ챻͸ɸˡ
ĹŵӵλҪҲò°
νʱڡٶƿڴ
ǧޱԫӳԤܳΪȫĵʸ֮ģԼŲˣ
΢Щ֪뵽ʲôǹһĨȣ
ҿЩˣմˣǹðǰԨɶɵģոˣӵΪҵĵӣ񡣡
ӿ۶һԣлɺ׵Ůʦ֮ǰǸ˳ӡ
ʦǰӣҲͽͷ۵Ľɫ
ĵʦͽܷʵ죬ȫ͸׼
صʵʦ㣬˵˵ӣҪʲôģ
΢һЦǸŵٵ
ðɶ㲻ʲôҪҿ˸ҴӢ֮ʿ
ΣգԪӤǴϵ䣬ֻе˭벻ȥ¡
ߣ±߱ܽ磬˵ԪӤС˾ҪҲǾ޿ܡ
֪΢ԣһ䷳ƺЦҲ˳˵
ˣȷʵҲ䵱̫Ĺŵˡ
΢վЦһʦܣ˵úã
Ҳ̧һָ
΢ڴģҼһ³ָ֮صˣ΢Ĺŵӡ
һΥ΢ض;裬ޡ
Ӿ΢ģȥס΢죺
¾޿ܻ˴ܵĽҲ
ȴû뵽δ䣬һӰӿм׹䣬৵һ´ǰ
Ӱֱ׹˪Ϫ֮Уˮ顱һ졣
ƫУ΢ָķ
΢
ӣ


2 һǧǰ
ôɰɡ
۾ĺӰ˸
Ƭ̺ק΢·𣿡
΢ЩӲ΢΢ͷˡ
ӵ񵱼Ҫ޳𣿡
ϵӦû˰ɡ
ˣǾͲռʦĵˡ
ڴĻ绹ûȼͱ
һֱͷлɺ׵ŮƳϪˮеһۣʦ壬š
ӣ
ţŪü

ƽʱһ˫ֱۡ
ϵȻѾûٴǰһѪ£ֻ˿ڻʹ
ƽûȫŪ״ͼŮ̵ضһ
ôصˣϵȻûʦҪʧˡ
ƽ
ŸôΪûʧ
𰡡
Ů˫΢䣬صԲʱȻûǴʦˡ
ҽг㣬ʦʦ㡣
㽲ǲģԳβǻ˼ӵ˵ֱܡ
ƽһʱʧ
ж꣬ȴһֱɢһʦš
ȻԽվһ˸ʦźʦ㣬оͦ΢
ƽЦҲҪлȡ
ƽȷʵԼ
ܴǰصл˵һΪ
Ҫƽɽٷʼ˵
˵ǰƽԽ˴ģһ硣
ҵǣǸѾĩʱ硣
ĩʱؼսϡߵԽԽѣÿ춼ֻ뷽跨شؼȡһϸ΢СشϸС
ȴһգؼľ޿ޣֻܿպ
˵ǣƽ츳ôһߡ
֪޳µһ
ɽپԲһ֮ң
Ϊĩʱ磬ƽȫߵڴɽٷ
Ȼʧˣһðӡ
ƽͼ¼Լơ
Ƭ̺ĿտҲӰӶûС
ΪͼĶ˺Ѱʹǿˣϸյȫ޷
͸ղʱһ
Ȼղŵжûд
ʱԭļ֤ʵһ㡣
صˣϸ
ϸ٣Ҳ𲻿ء
ϸߴĺģ𵤡ԪӤϸУߵڡ
תĹͨУʹ
ϸѻ٣˺üĴ©ŷ硣
ʱƽͷˣԭԭˡ
Ϊ̫طԭƸһɡ
˹Ѿҽ޸ˣǵıˣ˻ûдˡ
ƽл
ţª޲һǿá
ôһ룬ƽ־Լˡ
ϸ٣Σܲ
ƽʮֹ۵ؿοԼžͺá
뵽ղʱƽüͷ΢һ¡
һʼؼ
һͺá
ƽ룬ֻҪեһһ¸ɺԵͺá
㿴ĶĬĬ
صϸ˵ǳױˣҪǿȻ
ƽЦһ£ԡ
ĩʱˣƽϰҪܳʱ䣬ܴӿեȡһ
û뵽տʼɣޱȳӯͳˮһӿ롣
˲ϢͽԭɺԵˡ
ˣеš
ƽٰͣġ
ãȻһ˲תΪ˼顣
ԴԴϵعڣʼƵ
ʱĸһ̫ԣˣڴġ
ĩʱô꣬첻ҪƵĴؼ伷һ˿΢
ԣ
ƽ̽ʶ̽ȥܿȵˮŰ
ָоʣƽԼ˶ûôʹˡ
ðΣۼģʹһ
ڴ˿̣⴫Ų˵𽥿
Уʦ㣬Ҿͬ⡣̧ǿʦһӵܱһռݡ
ƽ˿Լڵ״ʮԾĽӿеġˡԼ˺š
΢ģʦܣ㲻ͬģҵͽܣǻ棬Ǻܺ
΢ģҹͬͬ⡱˼ֵװס
ŴƽҲܵһѪӿ
߶ţʦ㣬ģû˵꣬Բ
ҵ治ΪǿЦԣʦ㵱ҪôϸٵΪͽ
򵥵ʹ
ӻ䣬ƿž͡һ
ƽĵȼһΡΡС磬Իްӡ
ĿԣһĳĬ
Ƭ̺΢͡һЦ˳бӵ٩򵥵ʹ
ӵĿƽĵĻ绺ƣƽƬ̡
ƽȷӶԷڳ￴һ˿ŬصΡ
ɤӣƽϸѻ٣񣬶ע޷
⻰档
֮ʽеĴţ۽𵤻ԪӤϸɲˡ
ϸ٣ɵ޴棬ֻܸһɢؼ䡣
ʶܶ˾ãϸٱ;Ͼ
ƽȴ̫һ
ãôһ졣
һ죬ܶˡ
ߣֵ粻ͬڴġ
˳ԣȹȥʮ֪
ƽ룬Ȼֵ֪
ƣܶʱʹǿҲڴˡ
ұֱ˵ˣ̫أع;ĿҲãշš
ӻδ䣬ƽл˲֡͡һһС磬һĻ档
ڿзž졣
žžӵ
ӣ
һûü˵ƽĵĻͻȻˡ
ϣ׵Ϩˡ
ձƽڵ˳©˴ȥɢؼ䡣
¶ˡŶı顣
ҡҡͷ¶ϧ츳ϸ٣;ϧˡ
ƽûɲϧز׽Ӹղǡ
ɵ棿
ⲻ
֪ûΪŵˡ
ƽȻΪߣƽ䣬ɽʵ൱ᡣ
Ҽ޵ʦţԶԶ˱ƺĳ̶ȡ
ƽʶ˲Ծ
Щ죬ˣΪ֪˭ֵ
㾹֪棬ĪǰǸˣ
˵꣬Լ˵ܣϸѳɣشҲܿǰһ׳Ǵδķˡ
ƽԺԭĻҵļƬ治ɫؿʼ
ǰҶĸ׵ָδĸ˵ʲô£λ˲𣿡
һǰ飬֣ɫ
˲ǧ﹦ҵ˲ܹġ
ĻŹҪ׫һÿһղ֮;ʿı޿γ̣濰ʥʦ
˵ţ΢΢֣֮𾴡
ƽ
Ȼڿܸое֡
ˣһǧǰ֮ٺϹʱʿȫϾ
ֱǰһϹŶĶ֮㣬ѧ֮Ϊ֮˾̾
ƽһ٣Ȼò
һǧǰ֮١
ԭһǧ


3 Ϊʧ
˾ɫЩоʱͷƽһ˲Ť˿ڡ˻һ
ŷƽ˿ֿʼðѪ
¶Σ˸ֹסƽ˿ڵѪ
ϸϹʱķ飬ɵϵС
Ⱥ֮ٺһʿĵؽ
Ϊ˼棬ǰĶһ챻Ԫ꣬Ѿȥˡ
л¡ƽɫźÿһ㣬һЩûλմ
£ӻû΢üӶЦеشǰƽҽ£΢δʦ𡣡
յʦ㣡²ף
ƽ΢ƣûΪ΢źӵķԶŭֻƽע΢
΢ˣΪң
΢ڴߣ©Ĺϣתͷƽûֱӻشƽ⣬Ƿʵ
ϸУǲʲô˶ˣ
֮ʱƽԭļ䣬֪ԭ˸ӡ
Щ޷̹ԣֻܼٵı¡
ƽ΢ͷ
ǰգİʿҼңɷ˵Ҷ֣Ϊ̫߳࣬ұˡ
ƺʿҵϸȡһֻǵʱǰţǲС
ϸʿľʹҴӻѹƴ˳һ·Ӳɽӵܾڣ֮¾Ͳˡ
ƽ˵꣬㿴΢临ӣ·ʳǸʱѾ֪˴𰸡
Ǿһ˲󻺻¶ϧ֮ɫԭˡ
̾һӲˡ
ƽٵؽ꣬¶ı
Щ˴ϸжʲôϸʲôԼ֪Ķ𡣡
ƲһĻȣζ㱻ߵģǷɵĻᡣ
ƽӼѾԭ򣬵˿Ϊά֡ɽҰרע֪顱裬¶⣬ʵΪô˵
ӣ֪𣿡
ƽҡͷ
ӣ֪ʲôʹ𣿡
ƽҡͷ
סˣͣƬ̣ͷ۵ֻԼ˽ʿ
ڣ΢ˡ
΢ƽ䣬
;֪дǧ磬ʿһ׷ıǷɣҪϽ硣
ǰԪ꿪ʱ񣬻δһ˷ɹ
΢£ƽϸѪһɨŵ
ڣҪֻһ;Ϊʹ
ʹϽͨĳطڴ˽֮ϵıǣѡгΪʹˣȻĺϽӵϵȻͳΪϣˡеʹ졣
ƽ˼Ӹ˵ұߵǷĻᣬѵұѡгΪʹˣ
ӽӹ΢ĻͷѡΪʹˣϸжᵮһöɺˣɺܰʹʹݱʶ
ѡΪʹḶ́ǳ֮Ϊ㻯
㱻ߵģɺˡ
˵꣬ƽȴ¶ʡʹź޵ı顣
κһ֮ˣ֪ԼɵĻᱻӲߣ;˶ϾвԹģв޵ģ
û뵽ƽֻƽ˵ԭˡ
Ǽ˴ʿҵϸ϶ߵģɺˡ
ƽ̧ͷ΢¶һǳЦлλ½󡣡
ƽЦݿ˿ǿͲʣƽ˻벻ģЩȡ
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ǰŮȴ£ȴţøС
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ʲôǧ費ܡ
ӶЩĿ࿴
ԣɵ̹
ţӱøϧˡ
츳һȱȴӲ˻ϸ˵;
ˣŮʦŵѡ
΢ƽǰƽ⸱ӣʵʧ䶼ޣ
ƽЩɫָʧ̧ʱƽЦģ
˫ĵۣƽЩУѰƽЦţҲ䡣
һۣĪãȷʵֻɽҰͨ飬쳾֮ˣŻһͨ͸Ŀȡ
ӸͷƽǷʵΪʧ䣿
ʵϸһ£ҵĻشǡкޣȴʧ䡣
ʵɺ˱һ£Ǳûش𡪡Ҳʧ䡣
΢شһͬʱƽ
Ůɫ԰ֽƽ˵Ļ
Ҫ˵㻯
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룬ˣһϸ֮ˣƾʲô˵ֻ
ƽ˵ָֻ꣬ǰŰģƺղ޶Ŀֻһֵ꼻һþ
¶һԴɬǳЦ˼ҳ;ʱҵģôʲô𣿡
ʶҡͷ
΢˫΢УƽƬ̣ݺİãܺãشЩ˼Ļش𡣡
ұһԵѰԼĵ˵㻯
΢ֻϧˡ
˵ţЦһǴʲôһ㣬û˵
ƽȴδ֮ԡ
ˣڷˡ
ƽԼ
ڷʧܡ
һǧǰƽ鵽˴Ĳĩʱࡣ
˽ķӡôĳ״ǧ䡣
ӡͨȡŴĵʮһգֱĳɺԡ
ģߣΪ˶Էϡ
Ļ֣νġϽˡ˳֮Ϊɡ
νǸͷβĻԡ
ϽǱ֯ٵķԣʵΪϽ
ƽһУ£Ѱ伮ҵΨһܴƷӡֵİ취ķ
ͨɽʱľ޴Ʒӡô»صǧС
ʱΪ˵ʮþȵġ
ؼһʱͻȻ˲ӡ
֪ӺζĶУƽԭƽȵһ˲
ƫƫһ˲֮ء
뵽Ķƽ֡
ɡ޷ĿŵԽͬعɱ
֮ˣֻˡ
ƽЦһ⣬˱治
֪ĹעһȫȻõġ
·ʧܣȴҲӡݺݵһӣôӵһδϢ֮
˼գĸʱ
΢һת̸صƽǸ⡣
ΪԵ
ƽΪΪҪΪͽ
΢ֻԵ֡
ӻ񣬲֪ʦһ˵ʲô˼ƽѾ΢ޱѵ˼ά
ƽشü£ˡֱԣش𣬵˽ƭӡ
΢Ц
˵ǰҪƽΪͽֻΪǸԡ
ڣ˼ͽȤ
üͷšɴѹ΢
ʦ㣬ΪǸûԣɲˣǸԲûɣ߱Ч
΢۷ʦܣԲǷԼģֻѭԼ⡣
΢˵ն֪Լֹˣֻܵ
ˣʱڣЩĵ˳ûܣȷʵôұɾΪͽðȫǡ
ʦǰȫ᲻żӣֻһ֮ŬҲһ
ΣλСѱҪ֤гΪܵӵʵһжǿ̸
ɫģ˼ִ˵ȣβǼ
պܿɽ֮գúһͨܵſ˺ɴȣõŵʸ񣬷ܳΪʦĹŵӡ
仰˵ƽ˵΢ġ
òŵʸʦټ֣ԴڣҲͬ⡣
ȫ¶ʦŵӵλãʸòպǴ粽С
ĿƽͷһɼҴһŵϡ
ҪһϸٵˣΪθ˵ղǷ
΢ԣƽ΢΢üô
ұɾ⼸֣ƽ㾪Ҳޡ
Ѳ
ֻϧӲ鵽Ľѱαġ
ԭұ㲻ϸɾ
˵ڵܿ챻֮͸ɸˡ
ԭڡġĸ·֮Уڵһ
졣


4 Ե
ԭܵԵס
ˣ㻯ڶʹǸˣνġɡ
ƽƽع𴽽ǣȴûеЦ⡣
˵ôܻʧء
˻
ƽ治ɫһЦϸˡ
һɡڰ
ЩʲôԲĵڶ

ǰ΢ԫԤԺճƲպ΢ǽ״ƴĸ֡
ԤԻﻰ͸¶˼˵콵΢ǣԽϽ˵ĵ㻯ƾԼɡ
λ΢ǽٵĵص㣬ܡ
ޱԫĹ£ײѸµԤԣḶĴۡ
ͬҲζλ΢ǽĴޱ䡣
ƽɣ΢ԤԵֹڴˡԤԵȫòҲֻеļλɺ͵ɹܼҲֻǵ;˵
Ԥԣ֮֮еؽ˴ĵһػˮ
ޱԫɢԤԵϢٻµӣױŲͽһȺ˶Ԥеġ΢ǡ浽˼㡣
ԤһȻסˡ
Խ˵㻯ֱӷĴڻкأ
֮󣬱½½иǱ̽Ϣ˷ʤ
ܣȷʵ˵챻͸ɸˡ
Եף̽顰΢ǡǺˣԭ
ֻûеִܣԭ;ķɺˣɥΪƽ
ԭԭԣѵطλܡ
û뵽΢ҪƽΪͽ
һֻҪ˳ͨſˣһⶼӭж⡣
ֻڣȽһЩ֮

޲ҽޣ
żѼ¨߽Ժʱƽʵ⣬¶⣺
ҽɣúֹиͬص㡪Ρ
ҽ޵Σһϸꡣҽ޲Σβˡ
֪Ŀǰûκҽ޲
ҲӶƽ޷ټеԭ
ƽ̾һ첻һ졣
ǸƢҽ޺ѣϸ޲֮ھ£ûʵڿϧ
Żδţƽֱס̫壬˺ֱ֮ſ˵ľٰ˴СԺס£ǳδ;ǰסĵط
ų㻹Ƿ˵ʱǸӣ֮ҲûоգƽųļƣԴŲɡ
¹һص߹һ߶ƽ
޲ˣʿ࣬һ
ƽ
˿⣬ֵ鲻˽ˡ
͵ʿ㼯֮أʵ壬ֻһöǣͨǳ֮Ϊ
ƽ
ȥôôء
ǰҲŪƵĶ
ʱƽմԽûãÿ춼ܻݵִ硣
;㿪ʼ˼ô÷һŴɰ硣
κʱޣ֮ĩʱĴ㣬д˺üоּǣҲֻ˸ܳ
ֻǻûüһƣͱˡ
û뵽һǧɰ羹Ȼʵˣôģ
õĲ˶˳һöƽ
ʶǣʶ뵽С
ƷʺʶǿȶӰʱ䣬ֻһöƷȴջš
룬ֽһ䣺ƴ󣬳Ÿ·ʿʶݬ룬һʧУܴעⱣԼ
뿪ƽſʼоö
˸壬Ϊ٣Ψڰ벽ǿ걣ûˡ
һǧǰƽи뷨һƬʶǺ
ƬǺܽÿʿ궼Уʿʿ֮ͨʶʶǺֱӹͨ
ƽΡ
ֻʱ㹦ܵ£Ҳûп
ҪǣǿֱܹӽʶǺʿ̫ˣȫԴ硣
ʱʶˣҪøΪߵ˽Ҫһý飬ꡣ
ֻǻûҵʵý飬Ѿˡ
û뵽һǧ֮ҵý顣
ƽöССֻ
ƽͷųʶȥ
㹻ǿ󣬼ڴ˲䣬͸ܵһ͵ǣʶ뵽һƬǺ֮С
ƬǺ㽻ӳ˸š
Ĺһ𣬻ƳһǿͼȻǴĵģ
ƽĿһ˲Ȼֱܿڴ
ʶǿͼһǧǰûľ
ʶǺȴĻҪö࣬ûоͷ
ͬһʱʿʤһǱһʿʶ
ƽǶһǡһǣû˻⡣
ֻǽգƽ˲䣬ͱΧʶע⵽ˡ
ǣˡ


5 ɽ
ս뵽ʶǺƽΧеǱɢ
ӣеڲֻӴܡ
Χʶ޲ţλˡ
ʶǿȣϴԺĹϢʶǺĹâ
ƽ⣬ֻǸп磬йֻҪһ֣Ƿ㡣
²һĿǰĹȻࡣ
ҪĹĴ飺罻סݴ洢
Ĺ𲻴
ʿͨڵһǺԴ꣬Ψֱܹ۵ؿÿʿǿȡ
ҲʶǺΣյĵط
Ǿǿʶвпܻᱻʶû
һƽ͸оԼ뵽Ǻĵڶ㣬뵽֮⻷һԭȵľף
ڶǺиŸʽĹߣʶȥнִ
ƽˣǷ
Խ۵Խࡣ
뵽ڶǺʶǿ֮ҲǹΪʶ
ʶǺ֮УǷۣȫǺе飬˭Ҳ֪Ĵڡ
ƽǧۡ޲ӡ
ЩʱÿȥɨһȦʧط֣޲࣬˵ȷʵûĸҽһ㡣
õ𰸱֮УƽҲûжʧ
ֻñ޲ģĵ׼Լ
Ҫȱζؼҩģƫƫɬ
Ǯˡ
˵ǰƽûΪǮ
ΪǮ·ʵǺܶࡣ
һ룬ƽҲûʲôѹǱǿҵУʼгΡ
ӵڶǺ罻䵽Ǻ˵ǺһȤĵطʴá
ʴͬǸֻֽȫʵʽгŸʽĻشۣѧΧ
ʽƽǰչ
Щ⺭ǷΧܹ㣬ķ˰ԼʦŽϰõҵóʵġ
ƽ˳ֵȥ˼Ϲʷص⣬һЩ޸ݵۡ
硰ۡ޵ľʲôְҵ¥ܳ
֪óİ󷨡ģеĸóЩͬƺûƫأ֪һλѾûĸ
廨š
λСǰоԱش
о֮⣬ڸ֮Уǰ󷨺൱ҪһЩ
һʵԶֹЩпֻǾϹʱѾ̫ãҲֻͨһЩ˿Ʋ⣬˭Ҳ޷֪ࡣ
ȣ󷨺ֲͬҪƵġ
ǰͼģ˱··൱һµģ̶ȺΪ̶ȱʤһ
ҷ֣ҪдķţѾ˱һķ
Ǹеĸ˽ΪޣһɣǰӦǸʦ
Ŀǰõͬһش𣬾¥ԷˡǷĻ¡
ƽΣĵȷʵǸ𰸣ʵһͨ绢ʵ塣
滹ЩۣƩ硰ΪϹʱһˣȻսȺһǷޡ͡Ϊʲôû˿ǹޡ֮ۡ
ƽȴлҪʶӡǡ
ÿ˶Լصӡǡ
ˣע˺š
ƽ΢ͬһεīǺ֮УǺרӡǡһβοī
дʱƽ˼룬ûԥֱдˡ򡱶֡
һɫġ۵ıȵ
ƽԼⱲӶΪ¶ݡ
һλζšֵĻش
شʮּ޷Ǹʦ
شܿ챻ûУһڳƪԵøⲻۡ
ֻ˲֪ںظ
һ˵λѣ˭֪иõһ֣ȻͬҲñʻƣս󷨣Чܱȡֽͷī죬޷Ŀʵ̫С
ߣ˲֪ıɽͼǷ
һظˣصȻеƫѣֱԴܵŵʮǰеķˣ͹ʱˡ
ƽĵҵıɽͼǴﴫҥԡ
ЦЦ˳ӡ
ֿǰ͹ǰΪϹʱ˫赣ϵΡӡ
ޱ߼ʵĲ²ۺܶ࣬ͬߵ˵ΪΪϹʱ˫赣Ĺϵ
ƽҡҡͷλشøЩ
һһػشҪõѡ
ƽĻش򡱶ֵԵø
˸оƺ֢ˣİԼ棬Ŀڻش⡣
ƽش˼Ϲʷصע⵽˱
Ϊشٶ̫죬Ϊ˵һͨ
˱ֱӹĸĺ˲ء
кƽĳش۵
ǳ˷ЩʴĬϹģǴ̫࣬ǻᱻжΪҴ𣬱ڵġһڣкóһʱ޷
ߣλвٶѾʴñݣǰѾţֱֵҲЩʡ
ʶǺԣһ뿪ǺҲ޷׷ٵʱҲһʱա
ö֮ȴ֣ʶǺƺĳڤڤ֮άǺǺΥˣᱻǺڡ
ƽòػ˾䣺лѡ
ȴû޸ɶĴй䡣
˲ȰԷҲûᣬתһпˣһһ
Ӻܿ챻ô֪ǸˣָĸԸĴͳɣҵġû
ֻеġ֪һۣ֮ûһƬС
˵ʴһҹʮŸ⣬һ󣬴Ӵ̳֮󣬲ͼģһҹʵ˷ḻ֪ʶֻͽЦ
˭Ϊмء
ɲǣһսΪش˵ʱʮ֮Ϊڶôһʮɡ
ƽµȥʮ֢һ
ʴһʼûܱ⣬ʱ䳤ǰʮΪʮ⡣
һϻû⣬Ѿ뵽ʴõ֢⡣
ǰʮУһƽע⡣
СС¥ʵǹġ
λѣϵʱÿζʧ껨һѾ˷ѵ߶껨ˣ⡿
ϵƷ鵤ϹĵƷʧ
ʵĵޣһڸԭϵƷ
ϵѶȴ˵ĲҲʮϡС
껨ֻؾУһֵǧöʯ˷߶䣬ȻҲơ
ȫǸпǵޣᡱԡ
ʳ⣬ҲǶЩоˡ
ƽķ飬д»ش
ϵζУʯҲݺ˪֥ͬʱᵮ˪껨ǽ󣬾ܲסһ˪մȾƻҩЧ޷ɵ
ڴǰ÷ҩҺ¶ȣֻƻҩЧ޷ɵ
ΨһⷨǸĻ˳ȴ˪֥̻ͬʱʯҲݺ껨
ջش꣬ƽ͸оԼϵͻȻжˡ
֮УƽĻشܿ챻ע⵽
𰸼˲ͱֻظǰš


6 еҩ
ȥشǰʮˣǿֲ´ҶĽʶҪˡ
û˸߹㣬ǰʮⶼⱣƣһǰҴɳʮΣشǰʮĻ̱ڵġ
ǳ֪ߵغ񡣡
һʼ̵Ӷࡣ
мšǵޣȻûеϵľ磬Ҹо˵ͦеġۣܿ챻˹ȥ
ղƽشĴǸϹʷص⣬ȻתҩУشĿŶȾ͸Щ
ϹʷǵҪʱ۲ջ
Ƕһͷһӣߵ趼̫ߡ
ֱԷ̵ΪԼΪǰϹʱѳֵȫŰɡ
ΪۻԶֹڴˡ
ʴڶǺ׷˿ʿӦרһǹ޲ɡ
ҲѾŵǰΪԼΪǷӦñ
ҵ۳ĸʱδͣЪ۷׷֮ʱ˷һϢشʮʧˡ
Χ߳һ˲вµӳ
Ǹϵⱻش𣿡
Ǽش𣿡
񡭡ǡ

ݣԺ
¥ϵǸߡ
硰˵˪֥껨˳
ϵϹŵϹĶԷǷƷ
֮ЩϹŵأЩĲϣȴû裬Щ϶ȫ
ǵޣ޲ԳɹԭϹŵΪ
һǰżȻõϵĵڶƵϹŵУŵȽϸߵģֻΪؼļֻһȥ顣
˰꣬˷ϣǵ껨һ
ȴֱ껨˰ꡣ
쿴شéٿ
¯£˪֥ɫҩҺ
¥һҵ飬Ѹ̻
漴ʯҲݺ껨ͬʱɹ̵ҩҺ˪֥ڻ֮ʧȡ֮ҩ㡣
ʱƣһŻԲĵҩڵ¯г͡
¥˫һ
ˣҪˣ
󣬵¯𶯣ҩӵ¯зɳ
¥ŬѹżöҩϻУĽ˿С
ޱ̰ؽöϵȥϸǵЦȴ
öҩֳɫһ·بϡ
أϵӦɫ·
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ʱ֨ѽһƿһ׷߻ڣȻʧˣ
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׷߳ü΢üЩ죺ô˵Ϲ껨Ļشã
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ΰ˵˳ȷʵɵˣֻǲ֪ﻹ⣬յҩӺ͵زһ¡
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¥Цʦҩʥ˼עصط˽Դ鱨ĵطȥϴɽ󡣡
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¥ԥƬֵ̣ȻǸ֪껨Ʒ᲻Ҳ֪ҳɵ⾿ģ
Ҫȥһʯĳ͵ָ𣿡
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¥ſڱһʯԼõ޾Ҷô
׷ҡͷ˲׼϶λҲ֪ĵ޴ܣΪ˼ȱһʯ
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׷߳̾һΣ԰ɣһҪҵˣ˵ǸԭϵĹؼ
ʴá
ûãǾͷʴö˸ߴһʯ
ΪλǰŶлͽ̡˵ķһ飬ɹ껨ɵʱҩƣǰĸڳ⡣
ʴóը˹
Ѹٱˢٲۡ
ȻǼشģ
ĻشǶԵ𣿸òǻͬϷɡ
˭һʯϷ
˭ǵüشЩӣһ˵ʲô
Ǻеʶһ󾪺
ĬĬòĳ˵ڶɣ
Խתúܿ죬˸
֪λǰղʧеǰ£һҪ̡
£Ƿ׷׷Ӧ˹
ܻشϵˣҲǰϵĸ߽׵ޡ
ˮƽĵޣͨһѾллء
˹ش⣬츣죬ʲộϽûѧ㶫¡
һǸʦйð˳õ㿴ȥ֡
Σ³ֶٸӺ⣬Ҳټˡ
һʱ䣬ʴðһƬ

ƽͻȻʧΪģǳöˣˡ
˵ûˡ
ԶԺλ׷ԣȻ淴ⲢǶ磬ϵľ
ңȱǮȱ
Ҫֽī蹺޸ĵҩҩġ
ʮζҩУζѰ׵ãζǷѵ˼Ҳҵ
ΨѻľζҩѵãǮȥѰҵõ
ƾԭңǲЩζҩĵġ
˼һƽ˸ƻ

ƽסĵطΪγǣݡ
ǴĵΪܼһݡ
ųơڡܡ͹Ԫжݡ
ܺͱֱλݵĶˣγþڶ֮УʿϣҲⷱ١
պ˵ſˣʵܵſˡ
ǰܡڣڹͬſˡ
ʱŵʿǰۿѡԼǵĵӡ
߱ѡУϣֱӽŵš
ƽƽߣֻҪͨ˺ɿˣҲ˳Ϊŵӡ
γռ˸ƾбݣڿ˱㶨ٰ졣
ʱգʿ࣬Ҳ١
ԭǰͷٶʯ࣬ʱӦ
ƽȥ˼˵ķֽͨīʡ
Ķʵᣬϰ״̾
СѣǸŴҷʿġ
Ѱ˼޷ĺĲĵͣ絤ҩߣҲЧ죬޸ʮ꣬˷ڷϣίʵֵð
ƽЦЦлѣҾǸȤԣһɷء
ϰ屻Цˣձյ磬öֽ͵ˣףСճΪҡ
ֽīƽȥ˳ڵļҩɨƹһͼҩģĻصСԺ
󣬱Ų
ڣַھʱʱᵽµζʱ΢ҩ
գƽĽٽҩڷţŲƵɺΣڵóĳƷеҩ
ϢһգŶʱƽоĿ˲١
շٴλӯ
ƽǰķֽ̧̿һӣıī·ڷֽл֡
õͨıīֽֽܱʱ䲢˵ӦԻް
ƽŷƺͻֽīƷʵƣÿһ·ޱ˳ӨĹ
󼸱ʱƽǿʼð亹
оеʼ٣òʼʹ
ʱ±Ҳѣ·׹ǧÿһʶء
ֱһ乳ɣˮ˳űǼ£ƽֱסûúƻŷ
ƣ̫ˣһǧꡣƽһö౸Ŵˡ
԰գԭشָһŻŷԼġ
ŷڴĺ󣬾ȼǳıɫ
ȻһżֵǵĽ׷
ȼƽݿʼ仯
ԭһ۱ȴľݣڵʮͨһ㱡˲Ϣͻᱻ
ƽ۾ԼģһЦ϶ñ֡
ʱſ˵Ŀʼֻʣһա


7 Ϲŵ
ǳγǵʿǼ֮أģˣγ˼УֱշĽ׽г͡
ǧڸĻգαװһʮֺãͬͷֽƷͣҲĿǰƽΪΨһܻƵķ
ƽʮСģһ·ܿˣαװɸոǵģ
ΪЩܻƳԪ
ǰ߿ͺϢ߿ֱӵڸУһеˮ˸
ֻϧԪӤܻƣԪû񾳣ڵΪԶ
֮·ضԶ
ֱٶȽ˳γǺƽ¶ԼϢ
ֻǹ΢ЩԺԲơ
ϸٺ²ϢƽȥҲͷ졣
Ҷۺϡ׷ֵӳγһֱ׸ۣ鲼ݡ
ԷΧҲ൱ҩ̣ӦҩġʯȵȣһӦȫ
ԱȻܹõѵͶñݵƽòף
ʹͣҪʲô¿Ϊ
ƽʱǰĽȻͬ͸һɵͳɳơ
ɳƲëӶ¶ԸС
Ҫ
ΪĽ׷ҶļʦڱҲ൱ʱܱ֤۸ʺ
Աƽ¥ﱻֳż䣬ѩɫᡴ䣬ⲻ̫ۡ
żڣǰҶļʦľɢ鷢Ҳһ˿
ƽ΢΢̧֣褣Ҷĸ߽׼ʦʿҪǺ
ƽҼǵãҶļһİɡ
üλ˶Լıˡ
ܽҶеģѰѼϡƽô˵Ȼĵ
ӽȡһУڼʦн۴򿪣ӳöɫĵҩ
ҩ棬İɫ״Ʊ鲼ɢǵĽۣΪ¿ɰ
죬Եȡ
ȡҩĹϻȡһöɫҩڰɫϣΪСĵرܿӵĵƣñСһСƬ
ȿᡢ󳢡
Ͻóʦľǳḻ
ɫʱ褻Եóء
ᵤüͷ΢壬һ˿ãȻ
ٵ󡰳ζĲ褵ɫ仯󶨸ŵϲϡ
һĪЩ
ɫаɫεܲ۾ȱ鲼ӦҶķĩֹһӦͨĶƷ
ζ࣬öҩɬζ൱ãϺı׼ߡ
ζɬöҩζֻƷһСƬȻܹоԣҩӿ֣ӿҵ澭ҩЧͨҪǿöࡣ
˵ţ˫΢УƽϲƷ
˵ǽƽ档
߹ЧƣЧȺ˲ֹһ㡣
ҪǣʧѾãδԭϹŵ
Щ꣬ҶƸĵҲԹԭǲ⡣
ͽòƣοȥûвֻζЩĲͬ˳ϴ
û뵽Ϲŵҩһ΢ͷһ޶˴ˡ
üͷš𣺡һ²⣬ǰϽļأΨζûмǴӦɬ֮ζΪθµĵҩ𡣡
ƽƬ̣ݸһЦ͸ЩΣ
ΪиѺ¿࣬ʲôҩϰԵضһζʲݡ
ƽ̩Ȼ褵Ļɡ
Ҳ˸Ϊ𾪡
ǰΪǰ֮˿ȥʮͣĳ˾ĵҩ
öǱλСѴʦŻǼгġ
ӣ˲֪Ϲŵҩ󣬾ױó֪ʧ١
ⷬ褲ŷӦöҩǰʮƵġ
Ƶҩ¶ȡҩļİѿش֮һһ嶼ᵼ³ɵʧܡ
ܹɵģֻҪҩЧ㹻ﻹζΣһ̷ǡ
ôֻ¿࣬Ըĵҩʱʲݵζ
ģ˴󵨡
뵽ɫӹЩ
Ȼƽαװ˵ĳλܣϢҪȫڸǹȥŪúͷ޼
ĳֶȤζɡ
ƺ褵ľ̶Ȳƽĵͳϻذϡ
褺ˣƽϻۣȻö
ƽ۲ת¶ҵġΣ
侲ɤӲŵ
Ŀǰгϲ޽޷ʯй㣬Ψһȷǣ˵ֵǷڿ˵ĹͷǷųϢᱻ·
ƽص׼ڿ˵ʱҩġ
˴βμڿ˵ģδ;ķˣʿ
߶붼Ǳڿֱȥġ
д󾳽ͻУΨһһβҪɽٵֿ׵ͻơ
ͻʱʿȡһδγؿޱʹࡣ
ⶫΨһһκıĻᣬͻʱ
ˣܶʿѡӲܹõؿ
Ув׾У
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ܹھյʱıˣʿܹͻʱָʱ䡣
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10 
Σ¥ʦҲ뵽һʱ鿴ش
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ԭˣԭˣ
߷·ͨʲôϣæ˳صԼУԼųʱ⣬˷ܲѡ
ͨˣͨˣ
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ڿһһԣԺԣԳ˹أԵķҲò
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Ի᳡ǰ˳ܶ˶ų鵽ǩѰԼĶѡ
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ˡ


11 һ
˳ķΧϣüͷ΢Ƿޣ
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ĿǰΨһ֡


12 ս
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ҵòһһԿҪÿʿı޿ΣֻҪ׺ãø߷Ҳûܡ
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ҩڸǰȴЩ㶣ûжȥӡ
ƽԴ㶵ĺ꣬һЦҩֱ
˲䣬͸оԼȫľȫſֻ̰һĹȫָȫʢ״̬ˡ
̨һȷöҩݣ˻Ƕ鵤ƷϹŵҩ鵤
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ԾƲһߣĵҩһӯػսģᵶɨ
ƮһﴫƽĶС
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13 ҹߵ
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ࣺҵȼˣʰ·硣
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ƽȱ𼤶ҩѵĲƣǲϡĲϹںҪϱѾ졣
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峺ǳȾһƬǼҲź죬׵ķɫѩٿȻҷһ졣
Цĸ⿪ģھصˣץһ߻Ļᡣ
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ɷ浤Ϊȵĵҩܹܽⱻⶳꡣ
ƽѩ˫ÿ۾ţҪöҩ㣬־Щʲôء
ոҩйصϢƺࡣ
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һİ
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ǵ˰ɣף
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ȵȣȫʤ԰ף񲻻ǵһλֵһ
ˣѣѩŵڶʮһλҲ൱ǰһԵЩʮλҲڰ֮ڣӵнŵĻᡣ
ܺģҲֻϪ˰ɣ
Ҿã½½ʰ½ǰâ¶Ҳ㲻ú£ȻΪжˡ
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14 ֮
Ÿߵһ·񱼵鼱֮²ãعѩžúһѪζӿ
ɤӸɵ÷ʹŵڡ
ǽĵиҩƿĲбóԼҩ
µġ
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ѩ³һڳƵͷ
أѣƺܼһ仰
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ѩЩ㱣Էӳһֱ㶵صͷ
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ʱˮǰܵעⳡ˵ˣⳡ֮Ķ̲סüоã
ΪܻϪĹƣʲô
֮УλѾµĴܣһĻ̲סüͷ
̫壬΢ƽ޴·ɫ
ڡջ


15 ܷ
ԣϪܻлУֻΪͶϲѰС
ȴδڸУܸһޣܸһ㲻ϵ֦
֦ƽϪĽֱӾϪ֮֫ϣϪ̨
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ӰӰ򳤼γǡ

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ƽǰһöҩޱػףԲԶл
лӣֱɡ
лЦף޲ɡ
ϢСʱǿָأԴͷĬãŵһ䣺
Ǹҡ
δ䣬ǰһѾµĶذ
Ȼ̧ͷʶؽӹ̡
ѩ˼ǰõģ˵̫Сˣûȴջðɡ
ؿԼѡ
һ̨ʱ˵ҩһԼ
ûһΪνΥ͡
ǡ
ƽƳһۣʲǫ̂ˡ
ֱվ̨ûʲôʵС
ʵƷվƽлվڶм䡣
˫ǰлЦεѣŴ̨ϳľ̾ѡ
ƽ˹ƤЦⲻЦлӵ֮жţ֪տɷһᡣ
лһٿȻЦʳ࣬ȴڴ˿̺ս⡣
Ҳεѣ̨ϳҪεѹеģ
ͬʱµģĵĻ
˲䣬¶ȶ̧߷֣лл·ܸԼ־ĴӣƬ̱Ѿ̨
лЯ䲻ƷĻİ֮ȴƷĻҪ¡
죬谭˹ߵߡ
Ͽ̨Ŀͬʱ䵽
ָߵ֮ȷʵͬ졣
׼ǽƽôܴùޣδͽǧǱ˰
ƽȷʵܸܵĹŹ֡
֮ʧر졣
΢˴ս⡣
ⳡԵ
˵ͬʱһȰӰͻȻƽǰ֮ؽȫĶ
ԶָűУĽƽĽŲȫ޴ɶ㡣
ͷѩһ˿
ʮָһУ̹ǵˮ
ˮϢȴͬƲɵ
ƺνȻͬ
ԭǰĸˣ
ѩվĵսλ
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ͻԶƬ̣ƽͲ˵Ѳ
ս֮ḻֱһܲ
ƽĿЩͲԶлϡ
лʢŻĵƽ֮С
л΢Цεѣҿɣʵ
ƽһɨѵս۵ס
Цһ֪ʲôָᵯһ֧Ʒ׵ʱġ
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յĴУҲֻ֪λվ֮۵ǰ޵ģǷ
κַܹ꣬ĻԻ͡
ƽʣĻֽǰ
˵
ûͷûβһ仰ѩ͸𾹺ԥӣ̴Ӳгسվ
ٿȻӿӿĻгһεī
īɫӿ˲ûХĻ档
лȻ
İ֮𣬾µĴܶе֡
ֽΪ壬𱾾ǡ
ڣƬƵīɫУİûа㷴ء
΢ͱ۵Ŀȡ
ƽɫߣٻӺڻֽһվɽ塣
ڴ˿̣ǸоЩͣ·ʲôӿѹ£ֱͷ
ƽڵ˲ɣ治ɫһöһöҩŲ
ŻƷƮƮҡҡβȼĻ棬ֱֱվ
ƵѹлشѪ·Ⱥɽݺվͷ
ƽձʣҵ֮£ȥֽ
Ŀȴ쳣ȣ۵ʢЦ⡣
ŷڵһżڲķ
ķ
ɣɽɡ
īɫƿĿ֮£γһΡīɽƣڱչ⡣
֡ɽ


19 
ɽȴΣɽƵĳ뻺Իˮī䡣
ȴظ֪ɽڴ˴
ζƱãԲɽ
Ǻǡ
̨֮ϣ΢ĬĿŴ˾ȴͻȻ˶ǰһĻ
ʱ;СΪ˶ޣɽУһ
ʱˤ˹ȥֻеĻްɽˮؿ㣬һ硣
ֻⷽؼ䣬һжǺڰ׶ɫġ
䣬ÿһ¶οһˮīɫ
׷ᣬһڡ
ڶмѶţΪˮīΨһĲɫʵ̫ۣζ㣬ᱻ޷֡
ʱΪԼҪ޵֮¡
һĻǡ
ɫĻǰȼ𣬷·ʲôȼˮīīɫǰһжǺڰ׵ģȴ޾
գͬҲһɽ
ȴΣǰƿס޷ݡ
شɽԿȻ
ʽ;֪ǸеһУΪ
ɶسɡ
Ǳʼܲ͸ķ۷塣
΢𣬽ƽƺҪ͸Ƥҿꡣ
˲֪ޱԫԤȫģȴ֪ĺ
ͨλΪǡ

ͶоһƳλǰ
ڴ֮ǰ΢Ӳ֮ͨˡ
£κһ𲽡
Ƿޣ֮۵ķޣȴҲеǧжС
ԣڿ΢ԫԤʱֻǱһЦδ⣬ˡ
ڼƽȴɵˡ
һ塣
ѵõģ΢˼·ңǧͷؼڡ
ؼīɫգƽ̨ϣþò
ֱɲŸ֡
ͬ޷
ʽ΢⼸Ը޷֮٣еļޣҲֻܻзѰķ
δӵǿսķʦ
ղɽͬһӰлڳٹߵ
ƽ̨лָӵ߽
һԵлĿؿл磬εкΡ
δ䣬ǰһƿ
лȻ̧ͷƽⲻȻɢҵһӣЩ
л¹˹ᴹƵϸֳһ˿Ц
ƽת뿪ʱлӶл
ŨīʵĲ֮ɽڿ˻һ޵ľš
һڿˣ˲پž֮ˣڶ˰ʦŵʱ̨»вڽֵһЩԡ
һѷȴδһܵĸ
ƾһϪҵϪ
ʤֵлл
Ȼģƽ
ǰδȴճֱ߳ԵİףڿԿǰļ¼
̨ϣҲ־֮٣һȼʮŴٱ硭ˢǶԷ֪īɽ
粢û츳š
ĳȻòп
δ磬Ļͷ档
ʦŵĵص㶨һʱ󣬲˶ȥʰԼҵ¹ڲػػ᳡
̨Ͽ̨Ѿ£ڸһ򣬷ڸɫչ
ƵĹƿʦŵᡡ
˵ǰʦţʵʸʦŵģֻǰʮļ˶ѡ
չ涨ǰʮ״λģԼѡţԸԼɡ
ȻЩڿб۵ʿǵۣ֮УԪӤߣԿڲ뿼˵ͽ
ߣǰţǰš
ǧߣŽ١
֮ʵпᡣ
ǰӦŵĵУм۵ģźڼԪӤ£˶
ǰӦߣѩȵһλ´£ù߾̾ѡ
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߱ڸź󣬾͵ǰʮ״λ
һԸԺսʤȥ֮յڵʮλá
վڸ̨֮ϣƺ̨ܸܵݼĿ⣬ͷŲǾ仰
֪£ʹѾ¶պֻ֪֮ࡣ
ʱܣֻΣء
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գѩ޷̨ƽðŷǱȸʱŻش
ʲôܲɵ
ǧᣬǽǧǱܣʼնֻһɡ
ͷأվڸߴúÿ졣
أƬ̺ܷңңһݣ
𣬿ػ塣
֮Уֳ΢Ȼ롣
һ޴ˮüλһࡣ
Ŵԣػ΢̧ˮеĺꡣ
ܾŷ壬Ը졣
ڳˣ˽ΨػĪ֪ͬһĺ£ɵĹ⻪̣һδص
ӴȤĪǰЩ㲻ǻ˵Ǹʹĺӣ˼ҿˣǲգ
Ī֪Ƴһۣࡣ
ӣܲ΢һ
Ī֪ӻֻʲô
ʦŵĸ̨֮ϣİʦ󣬾δõظ
紵ͷЩˣʱǰѾܻܺٵ顣
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˼Ƭ̣ʣ
˼ã롣
Һֻв𰸡
˻Ӧĳ棬̨֮˶ЩΣ
״λʦʱбܾ𣿡
Ȼ٣ȷʵҲУ״λĵλҪ̫壬Ҳ΢ǰ£ܺȻܾ༸ڵ룬뿪֮ˡ
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˵䣬է֡
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һѺɫıж̵
˽֪ǴػĪ֪ķɵ
΢΢䣬ٴθһݣ֣ص
лʦ𡣡
֮󣬵ھλţ༸Ҳɢڡ
󣬱ǵλѩ
ܶ˶ѩĸоӣ㣬ȴƺڸѹĹâ֮Ƕӡģ
Ͼĺܺÿ
ǰЩк߼ԶУܹڻӭı½½ʰ½顣
һ룬ȥѩġ
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Ƭʱ֪˼Щʲô̧ͷʱǹңݣ
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ͷ黪ӻں༸ķ죬էһ仰ѩ㸴Щ
⺢ӣӵ˵ţζ
Ǹҵ𣿡
⺢ŵǱ˳Щ
ˡ̾һƣͽܡ
λϪȫһĻ֮ˡ
ԭȱıܣһҲ֪ЩʲôܣͶΡ
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˵㽣ߣ͸ҽ󣬶ܴʲô֣
˺󣬵ڶλлҲѡ黪塣
̨ѩЦ⣺ѣʦֵˡ
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ˣδʦŵģֻʣƽһˡ
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ƽԸ̫£
š
һŮͻȻƽĻ
ƽ̧˽Уĳȥ
Ϸһǿ˵ѹ֣رɫ
ڳ޲ףʷܵǿѹ
ǿɣǡɹ飿
Ǻߣǰλ֮һĴ
ڳ˾ϢС̧ͷȥ
ϱߣһӰӿл
ڷü׺лƵƣҹƤëɿشڼͷ¶޳ľԡ
˾̫޲ɷ
ƽŶԷԼĵϧ
ˣ˸͡
ź̨˵һ
Ǳۡ
λĳˡ
ȵϢƽǰվ
ǰݵŮޣ촽ṴƶԸС
̫ǵȿ֮أʲô˼΢ͽ£Ǳͽ
˵䣬Ⱦɺޢָ쵽ƽǰ
ƽ̧˫ĺӡ
˲ı֣۸⡣
ʱڶǵҩʥ׼һֻš
εͣԭأɫ׺֮תһȦ
Ůʲô֣
򲻹Ůˣͽܶһ
¡صĵǳ۴ϣ׼ģͷųԼͬΪɹѹ˸̨һߡ
׼ϷǿͽСԸ⣬ͬҵȵͽ
ٴγһɹܣ̨ĿתؿһĻҴ
ϣǺεºܣܿĵɹһͽܡ


20 ˭
ʦŵĸֻ̨һվ, 㲻ö
񱱵ۺ׼һһҼ̨վˣռʱ
һ̧, ׼ɨиЩɫ׼ȷҪͽܣ
׼һ磬вң
ս, ҵȵȷʵһǿ, 죬Ҫ׼ɴӲ˺󡣡
Цһ, ̶ǳء
˵׼£, , ûĿ֮ºûִ
һ뵽һǰһѻչҩ, ׼ڵѪ
׼ûصһۣתսЩ, ĿС
Сѿɻǵԣʻ۵һ£ұ֪Ȱ䲻֪ΪѡԷ, ʣǲȥ, ̫ϧˡ
׼, ȶ֮, ֮֮£۵ҵȸҳƵڶ˸ҳƵһ޵СѺγպǰ·
δ˵ȴѾװװϵƽǰ
ھܵΡ
ųµһΡ
ǧ
˭Ǹµһ
˵ˣ޶࣬ܡ
ɵǮ
£۲˭ͬһȡ
׼һ䣬ȻҵӵɽʮشϲΪع֮أ֮ţֱӾҵͽ챦ҩ꣬ʹá
׼ĿƣСѣ˺ش󣬵;Я֣ܽߵľ硣
̨¹߽ǵһƽĿⶼȫˡ
е۹⣬ֻƽۡ
ǲ֪Է֮£Ҳ֪ƽǾʮ׼𺳡
ĿֻܿǰĵȴڵĵԴµĵġ
գǸƷĵû¶˿ͬı顣
һ۾ʹʮҩĳǧҩп˵֮ҩЧҳĴ©֮Ŵ©֮Ƶ˼·
ʣʵ뵤ݣ
׼Ŀең˭ܿϡ
ƽȷʵҲܵ׼⡣
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βСӣǺЦ챦ЩС
һתұеģ㵤ȴûС
׼һмҵţϻеûеĶ
ЦЦұµһţӢܣ徫׳ǿɣݿΣݣзˡС뱱պ󣬱ձʢ
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ۿνԾ
磬⣬ţ˾֪
أѾ伣꣬ڱĴţֻ֪Ȼ֪Ȼ
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׼ɵˡ
ΪһҪˣϣǻԵġ
û뵽˲Ҫ
˵ЩȻûУ
׼ޱ飬ʵѾʼҧгݡ
ԣƽһ˲
ȷʵͦġ

ƽһʮǵصֿסɫջ
˵ЩʲôԶٶѹ
治ҵ°
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΢䣬ȴ棺Ϊβ
΢̾һ̵̧֣ˣҺҲòһˡ
дģ΢𣬳ϵķΧ
˭֪΢ǰͱ۲ϣδݡ
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ɫЩţѾ˸Ͻ뿪ˡ
ɹ鶷ǵɴܣꡣ
ۼսһĻ̡̻
ΧмƽͻȻڣصķΧ
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лһ˿죬û뵽λɹǿѹ֮£Ȼ
΢ЦΪףϸԼ
ȥƽƽĿڿǳǳ㡣
δ˵ԵĬ
ƽţ΢ⳡоȫܡ
΢ͬΪţǶǰĿͷԼƽͲٸͶš
ƽǳ׼һݣ֣صܵҩʥ»֮̿ʤмӽҩʥͬǰֵ
ƽԷ׸šҩʥ񰮣
׼ԣǳĬ̾һ
׷Ŀ䣬ˣ㡣
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ʶֻǵҼʦͽԵ֣Ҳǿ󲻵ãѰһ֪㹻
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ϵȻϣΪͬս仰ʱӺζ
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Ϊǰ϶ˣȴû뵽һճ֣ƽʦš
Σǿѹк˵ĵɹܣûмĵҶᡣ
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˵ţ΢΢񣬱ǸһЦȻԺţԺ޵ӣֻѧӡ
ҵѧѧϰһգѧӲԸԺͬҲȥ硣
ƽ۵εп֮ʱǰһ𡣡
ƽףл
Σֹ
ּª֮أƽֻǶ΢֣Ƿϵʦͽһʽ档
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ݣԪ
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ƽչ涨ڿ߳԰ףʸɳڲ󣬱伮Ϊһꡣ
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ڸҲãȻ֪д˹涨
ԣǾ죬һĨڴЦ⡣
ӳɵλС˵涨ҵȲ֪СѴӺζ֪
ƽſơУ߾   ڶĿ뿼߿ɻĿеʮ飬λԿɲ鿴 
˱һĿҵͷΣ˰Ȿԭ顣
Ŀࡣ
ȫṲʮǧϸϸ涨ڿ˵ÿϸƶȣа˸ߡ
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ƽ˵ҳҵ涨
߳ԽΪߣɵɳڲ֮ȨΪһ꣬ڲκӡ
ɵ涨ֺ󣬻δ߳ף涨ȫˣ⡭
΢üĿѹȣд˹涨ǱӦء
¼ºȻ¼ԸȴҲԼŵĳ
˾Ŀ
Ȼμ߳ԣΪ˵жֿǰضȫףĿľȷ
ԭһ׼Ŀ꣬ǳڵĲȥġ
ƽһһ£ǵĻȽ
·ǰ㾡αװֱʱâߵ϶է֡
ٿʱָʧ

ڿ˱ܵ˶࣬Ļɢʱһǰܵͬڶࡣ
жˡ
뿪ˣ˵·ȴҪ
ܵӴǰţڼвƽЦӦԼ䲻καλͬʱĽ档
ֻ;УѩĬЩ
ʵ̨ϺʱѾ֡
ƽ߽ܿĿһŷ
Щȣƽ̽һָۣ֧ڴǰصõġ
ѩĬվԣ˿ûе״λϲǸдЩްΪʲô֮ء
лѩһȻʦǳң
ѩƽ޲պգѩһĸ˫֮ˣҸʡ
лԣĬˣʧˣʦ֡
һͬ黪£лαѩλʶʦԳơ
̫ʷʮҾͬڵˣհ
ϲδ˻Ӧأ˵˴΢ɽϴһȥģʣѡ˭Ͳһˣϣͬһȥһˡ
ƽ΢ɽϴ
̫ʷͷҲ֪ĵ˶СϢѹʦ֪ĸһµź󣬻ѡǰ΢ɽԡ⣬Ϊϴͬʱлְֵ
״ţ״ǰȥ״ѡŵӡ
ƽԭˡ
ĿԶһ˲̾
û뵽ǧȥ֪һжΪ̣ΨǸСľͷ
лҲ˴лüһ棬ҡ
̫ʷҡҡӣֺǵлʦַģ²ȥϴҲлü
ĸŵĵӶл֮ÿŹֵͬأһֵֻܡ
ƽ˼άЩƮԶٿЦ
ӵĸɿССľͷɳΪ֧ⷽصʯ
ҲͷѪһݹ͡
ϾϾƮҡһǧǰͷѪһ㽫ǸҪСľͷġ

ܺ󣬸˹ŵĵˡ
ڶ̫壬ƽݶһ΢Ӿڳܡ
Ҫӵս
Ժﲻ֪ľͷѬʲôʳ̻ζ
ʦ㣬ôװͽ֮λȥӱǰⲽΪ㲻ܰϹȥ
ǵĴǽ°̫ʦô꣬ĬͽѡˣȻˣͬΪ̫£ѵպҪǽɣ
ڣ΢һԣǶһԵĳԣ̲סʦ壬˵£ܷڴʦϡ
˭֪̫ʦƽǸ۲۵ա
̰ȨƣƽΨж£һǴܶõĴܶ
̵ʦ;ͽ·࣬Ӱʤţܰӳȥ˻
Ӷʱᡣ
ŵģﱻʦʦֶ̨ͽ֮λʦֶ
ûһˣ
һתͿƽԺǰ
һ٣ղƺ˵ǹƽ¡
ۣײЩΡ
ɤӣû˵ľ֨ѽһƿ΢
ֺˣȻڼңǹⲻң
΢Ƴһۣͷ۵ʦܣĺó
죬ȴƳ΢һӰҲشӷ߳
££ʱġ
΢վһŮޣ˸޶Ҫһͷ
ƽ¸ݣźɫխ侢װǷֱչ¶·ļֳһͨѩ׵ĳ
΢㣺£ŵСʦá
ƽվԺûнƽѾ첽ߵǰ
ͬڵʣƽ˫ۣβ΢΢´ճεĻȡ
ֻ˫ۣǸѱ˳֮ˣƽȣ˲ӡ
ƽ¸߽˫ضƽѿڶǣСʦúð֪ʦ޵һн
ں棬̵˵ʦ㣬ʦ岻ã
ŶǺðɡ
ƽ·𿴼ƽ󼤶Ĵβִۿɼʧ䡣
ʧ䲻Ƭ̣ƽ±˾񣬴ƽһϧʦÿȷʵ̫ˣиʦˣͬһɡ
ƽǳ£֪ΪΣͻȻλǧǰĳ˰ѧ似찤ӡ
Ҳ޹ĹۣθߴӲ֣ʱƾһҲն
ǰλʦ㣬໹
ƽţƽЦŶӵ
ʦ巽ԣˡС˵ûҿǰͲʽӹͽ֮λʡʱ䡣
ҧгݣҿǸʡǵʱɡ㲻΢ɽֵ𣬺ʱġ
΢ҴģСʦãЩӣýӣһ״ȥ΢ɽϴ
΢Ŀƽϣͬҽ
ڣţ󿪡
⣬ӺĺʦֶһǽǣüҪʲô˱󡣡
㻺ҡͷ֪
ƽ£ʦʦĵ
һȫȻεģ
ڣ΢Ŀ⼫ѹ
֮ǴӺζ
⣬ƽԤϡ
Ȼչ¶֮ܣ㲻ʡ
ƽ״ƻСʱһ˶Ǹоˮī֮ɫɷԳءǴ붴һΣ֮
΢һ㶣æǰʵԷ飿ǸӴ
ƽҡͷڲݣϪɽ֮һͷȥҹҲûǸˡ
ѵǰĶδǷ֡΢૵ڵ衭
ƽʱӻڶá
ԭˡ
΢סƽ۾׷ʵ֪Ź
ƽͣһ£֣ص
ɽӡ
˵֣֮⡣
΢ȻãЦֱʡ
΢Цдᣬƽɽӣͻɽӡ
ɽͼʧԭΪǾ·뾹ڤڤ֮Уȴ͵ߡ
΢Ƭ̣ԻϣлǰӢ꣬ʱգԱӴ˽硣
ƽԹӢꡱ֣治ɫ˸л
΢Цĵѹ۵ԼͷϹȻ
΢ȥ˶֮£Ҫκ֪𣿡
ǰжδǴȻ󲨡
̽˶֮ᣬ˲ۺ졣
ʱռȻǡ
ҡ
֪һ˳ϮǰĴУΪֻǻΣա
΢ƽЩ
Ե֣һָָ˺Լͬˡ
ʦͽ֮ٲҪúûŵӣȻɳ
ֻϧ̫ˡ
Сɽڼ紫ǰ㣬ɽ۵ĵӣɳǿпʱ
΢治ɫһ
⼸ϹƲ⣬ʵԵ䲻֪жС
ȷԤе΢Ƿйء
Ѿվ֮۵ļˣ˭ֲΪ֮˭ֻء
ﰵĸ·̽õķӦ
ӽͽ
ΪλӶĿɡ
΢ĿҪ£վܡ
ƽ֣йʦ񣬴΢нӹ̫ƣʽӦݡ
պƽѾ´С·˸һ
ҹӰҡ졣
Ųŵסʹһһк
һֵͬʱƽЦݲ䣺ѣþò
ԶһϮܵӷƽף˾Ѱͬһļ䡣
֪˵ݡ
ƽЦҾ;òԣڿҵĸоûд
Զľƽͽݣ䡣
춯˶δƽȴ˵ʲô
ߡ
ԭĴš
ƽ΢΢һЦ뻤ģʧġ
죬Ȼˡ

ͽȷʵƽ˵Ķࡣ
δܾŷλȽӵһֵ
ʽ൱ǳԷʱذŸġ
ӣܱ·̽͸Ҳ˰ɡ
ƽͷ
ӳ̾һΪͽҲóеЩְ󣬲̽񣬾ͽˡ
ƽá
û뵽֣ص飬ȻڷϽ
̫ķΧѰɼҲͬо˼ҡ
ÿճ㶼ŻˣֻҪʦڼңһһԷ
΢żȣѵڵΪ壬÷ģ졣
ʱ˵ߵõϢȷʵĿǰ֪ݣҲ֪Ƿܣֻ֪š
˫۾ͬʱؿȥʲô
ɫ
ߡ


21 
, ƽ治ɫ¶˺ڳһ
ҡͷֻ֪ţһŲ֪
, ˼ΣԼ֪΢ǵ䡣
΢Ӷһۣͬʱ΢
Ȼֻǲ²⣬ȷʵѾ˾Ųʮ
ʦܵʱֵ쾡¡
΢ӲɫسԷδһ, ƾһһ¡
ھй¶ȥ
Σա
͵͵ƽ, ֪޾ͷɵһ뼦Ե۶, Գĳ޲ڡ
˷
ֻԼ֪ȫġ
ƽ״ƲؿڣʦǱܵ̽ڶ, ΪζҪ죿
̸, ΢ıЩ, 찡ߵĵá
˽֪, ˽ȱ˵㻯ܹһϽ˵, ȻͳΪΨһͨĺϽ
΢ЦЦ֮£ĸ߲ء
һȺ㻯ʹ۵һ, ڼ˵־, һ, Ϊ
֪ΪΣ΢˵ĸʱͳ
ƽװû΢аصɱ⡣
ڴ˸ǣϵģ졣ԭ޷Ǿνġ˵㻯ܹһϣ
΢һ΢ԫԤУ΢Խ˵㻯зɣ᲻裬᲻ż
΢أָ磬ĵ˵̽ǰֻΪŪ΢ǵݣؿ֮ʱռȻĿģҪնֱӵöࡣ
һһ֪䣬Ҫľֻһ¡ɱ
񲻾Ƴƽȴƽ֧ã֪ʱѾͣ磬أ⡣
Ŀ֮ǽһ

֮ϣƲС
ľߵӿźָ⣬յøɸɾ
û뵽ߵһ
֮£Ӵ΢΢Щζ
ͽľеЦ˷ܣô꣬ǵһɹܼ֮ˡ
ƾǱ˵
ľǰ߹أսսšź˵һڵһĿǰڵС
ľвÿɷҲûָܺܿõ
Ըȥܵ˷·һ·ƾŵǲһ·ָӡһһ¡
ƾţΣߵݲܱ¶
ľа⣬̫ؼˣ²ѰҵǣĳգΪʤ֮ؼݺӡ

ƽ˿֪ԼͬʱҪ
⼸ܵĲͷԸ뿪
̶̼ʱ䣬ڷʱ֪ʶ
ò˵ܲΪʱĵһţŲ̺ƽʱ֪ʶȱ
ڲкüգƽűѩקһȥѧá
ͳôͽţװҲװһ°ɡ
ͬǰ֮յԸĽѧֻڻĿеӡ
ԪӤϵʿΪѧõĽʦ
յĽʦþƽ¡
Ҫ塷Ѹൽ̨Ͻֳָѧ
ϵһ룬ԶһҽУȴ˻߷崦Ȼֹ
ڿαϣܵĵǾѣ˶ѭȥ
ûпҽеĶֻһµִ
ִӶӳƺƽúܣ·ʱָ£ڶǰǸƽ´к
ƽزϵѪ
ƽ߽ЩܵղͷλִӵĶӳҰԪӤΪǰһִץ̽
ƽ۷΢
ղӦִӷ̽Ѿˡƽµ˵ţƵд⣬ҲΪˣڳ˵
ѩƽߣɵ߬˱ʸˣĿް
õ̫һѱ˶ûв
ƽµؽϱʴó֧ıʽȥ
ڼ䣬һδͺ´δ
ѩһ˲ֻǽȭͷɿˣ¶ĸķ׵ӡۡ
ѧûȥ·ϣѩĿ˸ղһĻĺܶ˶ЩĬ
֪ܶ̽ϸֶΣڰԼδ
ԻݺѩĬǰһͰ͵ֽչ
ֽǱһźչֻȴͷβֻһ˼顣
ڷУͬƽ
գּ
Էƺֱè׽Ȥٳûж˵ࡣ
һ˵ġ
գŵӰݼŷ֮ʱ
һôѡ
ķ۶ϣŵĻѩǱذ
ذ壬羵
ӳĳںڵ˫ͫһ˿ɱ⡣
ʱľ
ɱǰȥš
Σʽ
ҹߵߣƽ
Ŀ䣬żɽ֪̽
ɫ΢ָض˶ȴֻվԭأûжƽʲô
ƽһЦڣִ˸ָľºϡ
Ӱ谵ڣںҹͬһƵӰ
޹⣬֪ǰ̽㻹ֻ
ƽӻֱ̧У˵˾俴ƲصĻ
ӽ𣬰֮̽£ȫȨҴ
԰գЦָ治ߵ
ڵȴһش


22 ŷ
, Իͻ͡
ŵܵ壬Ѿ֮ʽĲȫʽ
, ŵҪһ¡
⣬
ѵõģܾŷۡ
״ǰŵӽһܶƵס
߳ʽ, һڵӲŲ
Ƶ, к춥ɺ׶ʱųȪ
岢֮壬Ǳ˷幰С
ߵķ塭ʱ, ŵĵӶͬʱͷȥ
屳ߵķ壬ھŷ֮, 
߷嶸, һֱ֧ͦıɽб, ɽ֮Ͽһӡɽ, ĥֱӵӡߣپػɫһף˰벽
, ϯضʼϢ, Ķ
ǿЩ, ͹֮, ֧¿ۣſɽ۵ӡݡ
˳Цʲô
ѩüģֻͷĿѣҿһī̾ɽۣī˫Ŀǵӡڣҡӡӡ
лü΢£̫Ͷ룬ʱҪ룬ȴõӡ·޾Уȥȫ޷롣
лǰһƬ磬ԺһٿȻоԼͷעһӵӡг롣
عлһ亹乡
ãȻףָղŽӣʦ𡣡
Ӱڰ֣ʾȲҪ˵̶ʼע˵״
ֱؿ˵ӡãɵиˣڡ赶⵶ҡҼǲ
ۼһҪģӺһģָѡ
ŵУӡвͬ˵һͼҲ˵һʫ
ģڿӡĵһ۾ȫ޷۽Ŀ⡣
ڳŵУֻƽڿûܴûбӡ꣬Եڣࡣ
òջĿ⣬Ӻ㿴ʲô
ƽһŷ
һ㶣¶ϲ׷ʵʲô
ԭǲϣһʣܿ
ڴ֮ǰ£ܿӡݵģֻʦһˡ
ʦҲֻܿǷӡǷܿ徿ʲô
ҡ壬ֻϳǷ
˵ţĵһǧǰһôµĵӡҲв٣ôͺöˡ
֮һʱһţУʰɡ
ܹӦҲܿҲȥˡ
˵û壬Ҳû롣
Ͼʦ㶼壬ƽһΪĵСܿӡеķѾ൱ϲˡ
ֻǾ£Ĳ²ƶ˼֡
ȫ±Ѱõ΢ѡѾˡ
ʰ׶ϣվ߷壬Ǵ߷壬߷壬塣
˷岢ԭܣһ壬ͬĶһ˺󣬱㱻ܡ
ӳ֮ӡǧǰ顣
Ӧ֪ɸʱ֣ԣ˵£ͬĪ
ӡм¼ǧۺˣֻҪܳסӡܵüԼ޵֮С֮ʺϹ۵ӡĵطǻᾭʦʦڴ˴ԶӡУոһգջ
汻Ϊʦԭ򡣡
˽ͣŵĵ֮ϲʤա
ӻ˴۵ӡУҲǿǺһ֮Եˡ
ƽЩһѾ
ʵû˼˵öӡķʲô
ǲҪ֪ˡ
ɺص⣬״ӽ
һٵľǾŸܵĿ۶
ƽһ۾Ϳ΢
΢λҲ࣬۾գһûӡ
ƽվ΢Ϊ̫ӳϯƽ͵͵գգ۾
ڳŷ壬ЩǷЩǸ÷ĴӴǰ
壬չض꣬һҰ
ĸ״ӹ̫黪ػ壬Ҳֻ߸˳㿴֡
ǸᣬСŮޣΪݼ
ݼƽЦЦϧҶĳ֮ӡ壬ίʵϧ
ܾŷУҽ͵
ԣЦ˵׼ܾˣһ̫塣
ǼŵĽԼЩ׼Ӻֵ顣
ݼƳһۣĵ黪ķ̫ġ
˼ѡĲ㣬ʦ㡣
ӣɣ
ƽع۲Ӻ༸̸֮ٽ̫弫̻ճѾɴϵµķ
Ц¡
ò˵ͦϲ
˾Ϊ纣ǸüĿͷλһһ۵״ӣп֣Ŀ䵽ƽϣЦе
ǾܾλɹܺܵСѣȲͽ֮λ꣬Сѳܱ㵣˴˵Σɻϰߣ
ƽЦף޲ϰ֮лġ
ᵽͽĸ֣ԭгķΧͻȻơ
ǰһͽƻɽеڴ󲿷ҪԱԴȨ΢ĵڣֱһ֪ܲϸߵ˴Σǲװɡ
˵֮壬ִϣ
ƽزʶȴҲԼĵӺζ
ĿŲռݳϯˡ
ˣǺϤ

ڿ˵պñ𼷳ǰʮεڵʮһλΪŵеĵһ
ĳ峤ϵӣûн뵽״λҲܺ״ͬĴڿȻˡ
һͨɫһǺ⣿
ԳԼ¸ûϺ͵λ
ţһһԺ
¸ĸǱ߲ʵġ
ҲֻﱻǸ
ƽƢãµʱֱҲˣӲƽϡ
Ƣٺõˣ˳ϱڲӣܹǸ˲ȥġ
Ƴ΢һۣĵ˵˭ã˵ʦĵʲô
ȴ·ûѿɫأԵֱ֮ӽ׽ø·̽νǷЩȷŮף̽ء
һڳ˽һĳĬ
ƽ񣬻΢ӡ
׽̽飬ӣͬʱִӶӳҰ˾
߽ƽӵشһȦĳϣγԣ
ƽ治ɫͬʵĳϣֻ˵Ҫģ֤ݣ
һδش𣬷վŵǰһߵ룬ֱӸǰĿżĺȴ
Ѿʼþˣֱ²ϣ㿴΢ʹ˸ɫ
˵
ӱ˵
ҧгݵʱʶ˲ɢˣǰЩλɢѴһܶʮҪϢ
Ȼ̧ͷݵ֪ǧ̽Ǳܡ
΢˼ǧ𡭡
ǰһֱδ˵ʱڣͬʯĹǡ
£ǧԹǰʱ̽ܣĻ죡
˵ţתͷĿվŵĸһһɨЦ
Ǹ̽λ״֮һ

з׷ʵȷ
ϵֿ϶
һ˵Ŀͱ˻֮ɫ
ƽƽ̧ͷӵغÿһλӣһеĶ²飬಻ӡ
ģǽмλζȸ˲١
ѩֻǺƽʱһ΢ɫƽһ濴κε©Ǹûξ
ֱ̧ǵӣٿһĨӵЦǵӱŭֺܿջĿ⡣
֮УΨл߬ȭͷָɷףǶð亹
۽Ƴ˵Ŀ⣬˼
Ϊֻһڽţ
׵İ


23 뷴
ƽЦĵֻ˵֮̽, ȴֲ˵˭⵹ҲЩɣĵѾ֪ʵ, ǳĳЩ˽ģ׫ġ
Ȼ˵ȴ£Ҷ׫
ƽü΢, ΪĵѲֱ˵˭, Ҫ˹Ĩǡ
ܲǵĴ˴ֹ̽һˣֱ˵֣бй¶ȥķգ
ƽ˵, ЦһԼôԿЦ
Ŀڳɨӹڳ, ĸŵ״, ඼ܵһ֮, ܵӰνء
λǰܲ̽ĵڷʲôأ
лҲعζˡ
֪ν̽˭, ֱ˺˵֮С
лЦһƽһʱҲЩŭ
ĵĪǸ֪ȫò, ǴӲ֪δЩСϢ޶˴Һλѵס
ȻΧ, Щż, ̧ȷϢԴ, Ҹҿ϶Уһܵ̽
ѩʱӹͷ̲ˣĵֱ˵ǡȻˣΪ֤ĵ˵ʵԣ˵˵ϢӺζ
𵭵ͷ˵е
µģŭϷ˵̽𡣡
Խ˵ԽϴսƺһͬźѳӲܵ̽ɱˣ
ʢŭ֮£ѿڶìͷֱָ
򲻻Ųæ侲˵ƾƾζ϶ǧ֤̽أ
ҧأɫһһס
ʱҲˡ
ֲ˵һϢ·⣬֪
ƽȻشˣǲ˵˵һɡ
˵ţһӽȡһѪ¡
ѪɫŰ죬Ѿ̳ӲѪ裬ȥʱѾãֻ͸·ϴƬѪҲܿ·֮ء
ƽѪߵм䣬ԽԽ˹
ǰЩӣڿ˵ǰһҹҵѱݵɱͻϮشʩȼʱֻѶѾˡ
ͻȻͱ˵òѩ͸жӣ׷׸Էʹɫ
ȥ
ݡ
˸ء
ݡ
񽻷Ƭ̣ѩǰڳλ֮ºг
񣬽͸һͬϮ֮渵䲻κԹֻ侲سʵ
ƽ˵ȴ̲סüͷ
ݼڿ˾£ֱд
ǵŭڿעع˰д˵֮¡
԰գӿƽ㵱˵£ӦǶ֮˰ɣ
סˣû뵽ת֮죬ָûκãȴһ
ƽ֣
һ㶣ǰЩԼһö˵պܻõġ
ʱû룬ֻһֱýöߡ
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öƽУ·յ˸٣ƮҡѪϿգʼȼ
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ɻҾۼһڿγһϸĻߣڰգƺҪĳȥ
ϤϢϸݵĻڿлƯţղסļһҡ
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ʵǺ
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ζĵܷһ£Ϊҵѵˣһˣ㣿
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ƽת΢öǲҶ׫ģʦˣ𡣡
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΢ؿƽû̫־磬ֻ룬ּı˵ӣŶپϲ
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ؼʱ̣ǰȻдϱǡд֤𣿣ڿз˴ղ˵ȷʵΪ룬Ըһǧ̽Ϊ״ӡ
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ˡɫһµΪֹСݶܶܣ¹غδƣʧ
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ƽʱʮָ֣ͬضģ֤⴫
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΢ⲽǰɵĿһɨڸʲô
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ǰЩҵң˵а취Ӧܱ·̽Χľ档
΢üŶô
ƽһЦ̽һ£²衣ڰץϴһʱ֮Чȴվǳ֮ƣΪЧİ취ĪЩ֮̽
΢ԣĬƬ̧̣ͷʱЩζѾƽ˼
ƽѹȥץˣԼ
˵ͺֺЦӣ֪ôģ뵽ְ취
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ʱǿͨᣬǱڲ̽ǴݼϢ
ƽһת¶һЦݣǲҪǵϢϢЩ̽ȥһ𡣡
΢ɵ뷨˵úܺĸ̽㣿
˵꣬ԼȷӦˣһԵĸЦԭˣĵ͡
ƽЦףͶϵǧ̽ǰһиǰͶϡ
ҪʱܴܳԽãٳٲ鲻κεǵ䣬ܻόгġ
ʱǵĻᡣ
ܱǣֹܷµ̽ץ̽һá
΢˼ӽһ
΢ĵǺܻᱣԼ
̯֣ĵԼɲ֪Լǵǣһжɺϣʦ㣬ͽܵ۹治
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߳󣬿ŶͷգŸоԼһ亹
л
գҹǰֱԲشݣԭǻҡ
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µһȺʱ˵ݣɴʶѰٷɱٳûݵĻᣬӳ԰˵
ǧ̽˱Ͷϵǧ̽ڵɵǧֱ̽ӽΣ״֮λ
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ûиߴͦεʱЩʱ˵塣
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̽ӣҲΪǶұոڵߣúÿٳ׵׵س
˵ţ΢üһЦܹµĹؼѾȷԤԵĵǵĹϵ˾Ųʮˣ̽ӵˡ
ϾԼɱԼ

ƽ͸һɽʱѾܸܵɽͷһ庮⡣
գҲһƬš
ԽɽۣöӡԽ
˾飬ֱӵӡⱻӡǡ
ƽ˵ʱл˵ʦܣʦ˵ӡһö˵⾿ʲô
ѩҡͷ಻֪µĵӡһͬҪǰĵɡ
һӡѩ𷽲ŵˮīīʱʱ֣ʱޡ
Щõ顣
ѩҡͷЩԺɢȥ
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ۣɽۣʼճƵʯŻƿ¶İ
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Ź棬µ״źÿ⣬״ѡ
ѿЩ棬һһı


24 ī޺
İ, ֻҪ̤ڣܸܵıĺ
ںƽŷ֣Ⲣ濴ȥС, ෴ＫΪںڰ˸ź⡣
ƽںӦһ㣬ԭްĿռ䷺ĻƵĻ⡣
ƽ̧ͷȥ, ɽ۵ıڲ˸ģ, Ǵʱλڸײ㡣
ڵĻ̫İ޷ǰУƽָһö, Եײȼ
öûгȼմǱȼյ״̬ԽԽ, ֱⶼȫ
߰ɡƽ, ǰһ, ˵ǰ档
˱ĺȾ˵̲סѹ, ´Ŵ˴
ѩ˺֮أȴȻ˿Ӱ졣
С˵ܱ֮һŲϹʱ, вϹʱܵܵЩϹ, ҲǲС
лӻıɽͼĲƬղܱ֮, ֪Ǽ١
ƽǰ, ĵȻǼٵġ
ıɽͼ
ɽͼͲȥռ֮С
ѩţǰǰĶɽͼټΪ̽ǰһˣǲ²ɽͼ˱֮Уʵ򲢲ȷ
ȷǣܱʮϹ֮һǹĹᵶһ轧˵ȣ󣬱Ϲʥ֮һལնŽ
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ڱܵĪٹ⡣
ܱһвƷܹ֧ʿһֱõΣˣܵӶԣҪѡˡ
ԣòԴ
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ƽҡͷʿԣûƷ׸ߵֻͣкϲʣҵʺԼĲõġ
˵ָ꣬ᵯķһΪģֱࡣ
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ѩ׿лˣʦ˵ǷͷȥԼǵҲñ⻥š
Ƭ̣Ѿ׽κƽټ
ʱƽѾ㣬ֱĲ㡣
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ǵãǰ΢˵˸Ʒע⣬춯ߡ
ʵڶԼδ˽п顣

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˷֮ܣκ
Ϊ̫ͣƲ̫ãϢĵļ϶ƽ̳ϵ㡣
㣬·ǰеһΣնʧˣƽ˲š
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ԸΪһزʶĺҹϮǧնɱУҲһѪسʱƽɱ֮һ䲻ȾѪĻ
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ܾºͣ·ڸڵ㣬ҵĲǡ
ƽնŽǰδ뿪·ûʶԼĳʼ仯
һīɫٿȻڿУ󻺻ο
𽥽Ⱦˮīɫɽˮ
ɽˮƽ޲Ϥ
Ȼīɫڻм򵥹ճӰ
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תתһǧǰıǻصߡ
Υˣī


25 ΢ɽ
صɽŸ˱﷢һ, ܵţҲ޷֪ĸ״ӣѡʲôı
̫, ΢Ī֪ڶġ
µһֳվԱ߹սȫȥ·ֻǵ˵ĸѡʲô
ԺⲽСǺʹᵶڱѾ˼֮ã֪ûбȡϣ
ʦĪ֪һԵӣᵶ̫, ʺ
ǿʮϹ֮һ, ˶ãƫ㻹ͦޡ
Ī֪ޣʵʵ˵, Ѱ伫µãѾʧ¼ҹˡʱ, ŷ, ԼһµµΪ, һ޳ɣ˶ȥ, Ϊһ֮ˡ
ᣬ۵ǹԼδ֮࣬δɢ֮ʹ, ˹ᵶòᵶ
Ī֪ƽﻰ, ˵͵ص, ȴϲ
, ˿裺ǵӣǸʺҰԵĵ
Уһѳì񹥻ţ׷֮УһѸЩ
ΪΣΪѵλʵڹˡ
֮еԣڱ󣬾ѾԷİԷյһ
ˣĵͽ֮Уϴڸʱƫ棬һ˼ĽǶ֣ø˴
ɫһؽҧذΧ׼һͻƿڡ
ܰ𲻶ɫӦʵĬ
һ
ڴʱѸ۵ĵбϷͻȻ̳һĽǶȴЩ͸Ҽ硣
üѹͣ۵׹âէ֣ϥ͵һԾӭŵ̹ķȥһקסóĵ
ѵ㲻úܳԼĪС۳̣ͬѰ󵶵ĸӲѵܱ͸¶ԡһɺѪۣѵƽһЩҰԡ
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Ī֪£û뵽Լ©
ⳡֱƻδĺʱ֣΢Ī֪Ĭͬʱӷ̡
΢ֵۣǳˡ

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ͨѩףΨвߴһǳɫ۵۳һĺɫʯ
˾ȵѳĲʣɭư׹ǣʮ̣ÿһļⲿѪ⣬޹ı
ʦܣıǡ
л˵һ룬ѻĳʱҲһʱƿڡ
һɵѹĲʺƺЩ񡭡
лԥ£֪οڡ
ѩӹͷ׹ǡ
лͷȴֲĹ
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Ī֪˵ĶԻͬʱȥ΢ӺĪ֪һתֱӳǰ
ǰһһѩĹ̾˹Ϊᣬɶǰһ˵ĹƳɣܱдֻ꣬ӵѪˣܹԡ
΢һòiݲյüˡ
Ƴʼմѩ̾һû׷Ѫ֮¡
л״ǰԲ֪ʦܺʦʲôΪλû
л˹⣬˵ʹӱ˳
ܵ÷ɿ죬Ǳʲô׷һһС۳ıǵƺ˷ܣǶŸĵ⽣Ӱڽ
ɫһڣקŵӲǰϳ˱⣬ĴźȻرգýķâУǰѵЩʧ䡣
ڱﱻΧ׷½أƬ̶ûͣʱ˿ͷͿԼʦ𣬻ź΢ǰ˫۾Լ
Ī֪̯֣㿴ɣ
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˵ţ̾˿תлıʲô
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ͨ͸ıɫΨеβȾһĨ⡣
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Улұԡȱƣѧ㡣
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Űڴŵһûϡ
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Ⱥ˶̲סüͷ֪ڱʲô顣
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ƽ߳ϼ˫ڴ
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ƽóīձóī͵Ĵ˸Ȼʼë˶ںӴк
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΢ƽôãڵȵˡ
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Ϊʲôī˭ϳϣȴԸ΢ܡ
Ϊԭķ塣
µĵӡ

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ƽţ۲ŵ¯¶ȡ
ǰӦҶҪңҶѾҩȫ룬͵ָĵص㡣
ȡҩĺƽ̿ʼ
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ڵ֮ԭƵѶȼߣ临ӡ
ƽȻ֪öҩĵƷƵĴ޼Ϊ鷳
һΪҩ͸ʵΪңִżҩķ̫ȥƣȫûбȡ
ƽڵ¯ǰԼеɿʧޱ̷һһŵҩ
ԼĪһʱ󣬵ҩʽ¯
ƽҩϻУƽڵϣʼ˼ʲôʱܽ컯Ū
ƿõҩݵѹƣϸĴûܽ
µ״⡣
ٶľ飬Ҳܲסĳ̶ȡ
ƽϸĦŰ͹ƽİ̺ۣĿȻ
ҡ𵤣Ҫۺɵ
һжϸнС
ϸһգҪһա
ĵΪ̸ʲôֱɡ
ƽ̧ס۾ĵǶԼĶžѧޱؽң᲻뵽һգַֻͨʽǡ

ݣҩʦᡣ
ͬڵţҩʦǸ߽׵ǻཻѧϰ֯
żߣֱǾۼⵤ޵֯
ҩʦĳԱ࣬һóͷĵޡ
ܰ˾ۼĻ᲻࣬ѵõ룬ΪѡԱͺӡ
˵ףȻǸ߽׵ޣҲҪҪԴҪӵģӪȻҲǱز١
ҩ⼸ǮҲежҩʦ֦ͷ
Ҫܹ۸ڶҩʦᣬѰİȻ
һöĸ߽׵ҩߵҩʦŵש
գһȺ߽׵Χڴˣһһĵҩֻҡͷ
׼бڲ࣬˯ƳˮƵĵҩüƽӹ
̫
һҩԶͻˣʲô
£ԭҩʦĻ᳤ǲҪǰġ
׿ͷǵý˵кҪ飬ˣȴ׿ͷ˸ӡ
¥ֽŵغ׼ԣϣ޻ͻȻţʦȥŲҩˣҸǸ
׼ڰ֣ûɵ˵ʲô£
¥ǰЩӣгһ֡
׼־ֱüͷбۿŻ¥Ȼأ
¥ûڣͼ׼ͻȻֱ壬һϻشƬ̡
׼ķӦڳĵޡ
Ƿ׷״չ᳤ǿʲôˣ
׼ϸһüͷһϻƵǰһ㣬ζе˼
൤Χȥڰ׽֯ţͬˮīǳߵƺبϣǡң
ֵҩѾʧ񵤷ĸԭҩʦչѣƲҩĵĵһ׶Ρ
û뵽ξҩʦᶼĵ
ѹ׼˵˼
׼ζؿöҩЦǰƽӹöż
żơ
ַ׼еһ˿Ϥ
ָһƬУܿƽң԰п
һڸ߽׵ϢȥֵҩģʦӡǵĵطȼһХīɫ档
׼īɫ棬΢΢۾˳γµö
öңģ
߹Ҷ
׼ԣǡ
Ҷ
ҪҶ֮Ǹˣ˭

ƽ˿֪ԼֱԼĿʦˡ
ȥ΢ɽ;С
΢ɽĵʥأλݕNݺͶݵĽأλܳȥ΢ɽЩ롣
ƽԭΪҪɷǰȴ֪һجΰϢ
Ҫͽߵ΢ɽȥ
֪£ƽ޲õؽ׽𵤾ǽ𵤾ͿնУͽȥˡ
һͷԣʵһĪļ尾
εѿȥûʲô񰡡
ʵŮԴƽѭȥӳĻǸĿĽ˿Ƭ۾
ƽ㲻ԺѧΪλһͬȥ΢ɽ
ЦͰԺһֵصӣҲҪǰ΢ɽλһͬǰ·ҲиӦ
˵ţͣƬ̣Ц⣺Ȼһԭ򡣡
εˡ
ƽüɻ
Ц˵εտǴӦҵ룬ÿգǰԺһۣⲻ𡣡
ʱֵգ·ϲ룬Щȡ
ƽϲѩԱߣޱǾ߼Դú
ԣƽҴӦ˵飬Ͳʳԡ
۶ؿƬ̣״ƲεӢţ֪εѳĸң
ƽɽҰ֮ˣҳݡ
ˣһ·ϣ۶̽
̽ǰйʦУʲô˵ȵȡ
ƺǰ˿ƶϳһЩʲô顣
ƽãͻǺޱԫԤйء
ԤԳ΢ԫױ䣬Ԥ´档
԰׵ݽܣ·ʼԤе΢ǣҲԤϵġ
ƽ΢ͺĹУһֱźۼӰź۵˼·кţƽȷʵ΢ĪĹϵ
Ƴ۲ĻԶĵǸˣ۵ѣƭƭˡ
ôļ๤֪Լɻ
΢ɽ̫ʷ˵ˡ
ĸ״⣬ߣҲǱ˴Ϥ
ˣǻԶ̫ʷг㡣
ƽΪеӣǰ΢ɽͬʱҲǶڳŵӵһ顣
ѾԪӤƽ£ǴеĶӳ濼١
̫һĸӣܵˣȫһǰ΢ɽˡ
е;ƽԼȻģȴõġ
ĨŶͷĺ۵ؿǰҲһκƽ£Ľʦܣöʦֲ⣬ȡ
ƽЩ档
˵ǰ΢Ѿͽܣֻ֮һһֱδüʦǸʲôˣ
˭ϣ̵ˣʦֲˡ
һ˫Բۣʦ֡
Ϊ̫ĴϺлȨ
㣺ʦãֻ˯ͩϣˮҪȪԶֻʵĺ
ƽҡҡͷĵûˣֻ
ܳ˯Ƥʵ̫ճˡ
ĵһ룬ƽŲͻȻסˣǰ
ͬʱƽһָƶ񣬳ʣʲôˣ
ǰԶĸߺʦĪҪŵӣһҲҪǰ΢ɽϴܵĸλͬУ֪λΣ
Է˵ţ߽
ƽ¿һȺ»Է۵ĵӳǰ˽
һʱ䣬˵Ŀⶼۼһ˵ϡ
һҶ֦ĳ˪ѩʱδѵ⣬ՕiʵȻƷˡ
Ŀģͷ
һͷ׵ǳɫķ˿
ʱһڵ֮УĿתؿƽ


26 ʮ΢
ΪΪ֮ͽ, ¼Ҳڿй֮ԵŵӣٶЩϤģӦȷʵǺ˵, ƽһǴŵĵǰ΢ɽϴ
ǰһȭǰؾһ𣬽շŵüϲʦΪˡ
ƽ΢΢, 
ƽ۲, ԼҴʦ滹ͦģѹ⡣
ʱֵģһЩļ, ޶ĹԺǿҵȲͬУҲиӦ
ͬΪ, ܽ, ƽҲؾй֮Ե, ޾ܾɡ
һһȺ»Է۵ŵ, λδŵӷİ׽ɫӾ͸ˡ
˵Ŀⶼ׽ɫӣ͵λŵӣĿˣҲҪǰ΢ɽ, ʱҵͬС
һ䣬׽ɫ, ܶеƽһɨ, , ҵ֡
֪ΪΣǶ˵ƽȴڳԼ˵
ٸʱ֧Ӵ
ƽڶм䣬񲻾ɨݣЩζ
Ŀˣ
һֽĿܡ

ǰ΢ɽḺ́ҲµӵǵٶȲûж죬һʱŵ̲
Խ̲Խܸܵʪ亮˴庮ĵףߵߣ˾̲ס˸ս
˸磬˸Ҳãȫů䡣
ҹĺͷԶˣ̫ʷѵûҡǵ
ɽһ·ĺϱԲɣ̲ˮӳ¥˷۴̲ϷɹܶΣǵһ˽ľ뿴̲庮ǡ
ƽָ̲߿Ұѩ
ֲ۵İɫСȴﲻɵ̲
̫ʷ״˵̲Ϲʱ˫֮һ͹ǰع⳾ǧǰ֮٣ѣ콵ɻֹģط׼Լ̲ɻֶ̲ᡣ
̲֮Բɣûκζܸ̲ϣԣ̲ûжɿڣҪȥ΢ɽҲۡ
ʷ֪˲٣վֲ۵ü𺳡
ʰһ仨ĺ棬û뽭УûƯһ˲䡣
ƽߣһУҹĬ
ƽڲԶߴٵˣ̲أҹ޹ֳûҿջס¡
æСܹȥкƽһ
ƽľڽ档
һͷ漴ҷ£ɢ󣬱ҹȥͬĹȡ
ʦĺƽƳ̲תص˶С
뿪ʱע⵽ƽڱһѩɫСΡΡϣ
㣺ͷôɢˡ
ƽ֦¡
˷֣ǧӲ̲Ȼʶһľ˳ˮһֱƮ֮ء
ƽĬš
ع⳾»ʱǧ꣬Ҳϵҡ

գһ˳˷۷ɶ̲˼պڵ˴ǰ΢ɽؾһվ¹γǡ
һ£¹γסʱ˶ֻõƣͷŵĸо
¹γǴ;;ĳ̫ʷ繴سźȾˣ༸Ҳ׷׳棬һ
ƽѵпգһö
һʱ䲻֡
ǺϢӣƽעʼϢκ첻أƺΪɵпϢ
һɨʴãһƽȤ
λѣҽʮ΢Ϊʲôη״ǲˣ
ʮ΢ʦеһ档
˵󷨵Ĵǧʦһˣ͹ع⳾
̲ǧƵϹͼκѾٴ룬ֻСͼԱ档
оʮ΢
һ󷨣͹ʮ΢ͼֻ¼ѹʯһͼΣ֪ʲôʲôãΪʦ֮еδ֮ա
ʦִ˲ƣس̽Ѱʮ΢ĽⷨƾżѹʯͼƲ󷨵ȫòȴʼ޹
⣬һǺʦģۺܿͶ
õʲôⷨú͹ǰµġͼٽ⡷еǰʮⶼԹֻƵ岽Ϳˡ
ҲҵʱƵĲȥһâǵӡ
Һ¥ϲ࣬ҵĵĲƳâǡ
Ϥ󷨣ƽЩ
˶ǰع⳾ؽǸͼ͸ʱӡ
񡣡һϮ°׳ŮãִһȣָͼЦ˵ȻÿԼС
ƽع⳾̵ģʱŸսӴ󷨲ãʮ΢Ƿһ
û뵽ǧ֮󷨾Ȼסһһʦ
뵽ƽЩ̿
д»ش
ʮ΢Ľⷨо֣ÿֽⷨóͼǲͬģⷨڡͼٽ⡷С
ֽⷨȫһ飬ֵᷢһֽⷨóͼǻ״ģھһʢŵĻӵһֵھ֣ͼı仯ԭһ仨Ӻŵʢŵӡ
дֻ꣬˵ھֽⷨͼԼĴ档
ͼһŵѩ
ʱķ˽ʱͼľֽⷨΪرƽ÷īع⳾½ϻ仨
شѸ˴ʱʦע⡣
δڡͼٽ⡷Уλν󷨵ģ
ȥһ¿Եȡ
Ǿûش֮˵е찡
ϴθϵƷλʧ˼ֳˣ
С¥Ҫҵˡ
ȵȣǵô֪ʮ΢Ľⷨ
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λѣһˣղȥͼһ£ķƳʮ΢ѹʯλúͼΣİ
ǰɣ޽ʮδ֮վô򵥵ıƽǲǼ֤ʷˡ󷨾ʲôã
ˣǸ󣬻˵һõһŵľͼЧ
ŵιۡ
ԺԺѧҲϵˡ
ܴܲ󷢴ȱǰֽⷨҲĺ֪ʮ΢þʲô
ۣƽһЦţع⳾ĲõҲúǸһ²źá
ʵʮ΢ĲģʲôޱȵĴɱ
ֻǸ͸˵ѡ
еĸ·ʦûѺǰΧ۵ʦǿ񻶵ʱ̣û˷֣һشıʦʷǸˣϢˡ
¥õϢ˵ٴγʱһʱͳ뿴ֽʲô⣬ȴڿµۺسĬˡ
¥̲סɣ򣬾ǲһˣ
󷨺ųɵѾĵ
һƣһһͼܹǧֱ仯Ŷн֣Ѱ˸ǲ
ûгʱĻۣ޷ͨġ
߽׵ʦ͵ޣȫˡ
֮ǰϵͬһˣǾʲôĴܣܹͬʱͨ
ǰشϵƷʱΪĳλԸ͸¶ҩʦǰ
Щӹ۲󣬻¥ȷҩʦˣҩʥ˼ңҩʦܹϵ
¥˳µĴҵӡǣһī
ӵͬӡǵĻشϴηĹϵеĻش
¥ȷˣεͬһˡ
ʦʱٶһȳ
һ൱֪ĬĬС
˳ѸĵھֽⷨƳ˵ڰ֣ͼ£˵֮ھ΢΢£
·еڰֽⷨͼ
νһĴڡ
ճǰʴһҹʮ⣬֤ʵһ©ֱ̳
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ǹ۲ѧҲ漰㣬ΪͨĻ󷨣ʶƶһóศʦ
չʮ΢⾹ȻֱӰѵ͵ˣɼӰ֮
˰Դ⣬£󷨵ˣһԺĹϢһ飬λһվ֮۵ĵɹܣһΪѷҲѰ󼰵δܡ
Ϣµ˺ҲǹϢ֣ų
λ򣬸òɣ
漰һ֮ǲ㿪ֻĬĬ⡣
һѾʮĸ¥ֹи·ܶ׷ιۡ
еɻδͿֵ˳
飺Լ£ƲӦǵֽⷨ
ʵ֤󷨱ƽӰƽҪöࡣ
·ܷ׷һ£ҲΪ޽һ׮̸
ƽеʱ˽֣˭ûƳֽⷨһʱ䣬кϿߵˡ
¥״Щɵۡ
æδüлϵƷѾָɹƳϵ޳֮壬С¥ʤм
ǰ¹ϵ֮Ҳһûʮ΢ǧⱻƽӰ󣬵ڵ֮Ҳ൱֪
ǲŷӦ
ε򣬺ͬһˣ
кֱӿǾãѾǵ޻ʦ
һһΪҲƶˡ
ʦǿʼռأһʦҸ˵ûϵ裬Բܽʮ΢޽ǧϵһƷҩǲܱȵġ
ǲʾϵƷҩЧúѶȾƷҩҪǣѳ֮ǰϵĵ٣֪Ʒ裬޵˭
кߵ٩õ󷨣ֻ֪һˣǺλͬ棬ܲ汾˰ɡ
仰ΪΪЦ
òɿΪԼһһֶе˷ܡ
λɹ飬ռλ
΢ǷޣۡΡĽޣҩʥǵޣԺϢ˫ޡ
ӵеɹڣ͵ɹͬһʿеԼ֮жϾ
ĳǿһµĴϣ
ֱΪĳλܡ
һˣԸıĸ֣˲
͵鳳òɿʱһٶǵע⡣
³ţʴڣǧ̸ᣬһۡ
ߵ˾㵲ѡ

аԾ̾ǰλ̳ˣҪֱӶ

ƽʱ֪Լһķڡ
ڵĲǺһ죬һݷ־
Щʱգöʷڲ֪ʶĲ㡣
гƽųҹ˼Ƭ̣ڿհҳ֣дĸ֡
ͼ
һָոձʣƽ͸оһ˲һɲ֪Ӻζϯ䡣
ƽü΢ƴ⿴ȥ
ʱֵҹϿռˣΨ°
ĳ֪ʱļټһ¹γǣһ֮С
ƽŶײƽ££ɫߡ
ʦ㣬Ҳо𣿡
ƽ¾ĬΣ³һ䣺ƻ֮ˣ
üҹ֮һǡ
ƽųҹɫ˼㵹Ҫǳɡ
ָһŷȼǰҹ
ƽ볤ҹ
ȥ
һֱϢ൱Σա
ͷƽȻﳵƻʱһȫŲϨƻ𣬷·ڶʲô
ÿһ˼ҵ϶һŻƷ
ƷĽǶȾοĺɫǱʲôպµӡǡ
ƽָŷһ⣬˻Ʒ·Ŀ΢
аѾʹһʱ䡣ƽ֮ΪǷа˶ˡ
ƽ˼а¹γУʲôаҪ𣿡
˵ĵڣһӰٿȻƷҹϢ͵͵Ϯ
ƽƽĿʱδѾ˶Է˼
ƽ³ʣںҹһâŹӰŭն
ڽй˲䣬ƽ΢̧ʮŷ࣬Юһ˳ưΧ˹Ӱ
ǹӰмȣڽĹ֮Ȼɢһẓ́ܿƽµĹ
ԵأƵϮ
ƽز̾Ȼʼʴÿ˼ſŵıаӻƷĽǿʼŨصĺɫοǺҹǳء
ԭǰƷϵĺɫôµġ
ڴ˿̣罥
ŨصĺһʴǰĻƷһһٶγǰĹӰ
ŷƽ˹Ӱݡ
һûݵӰûʵ壬˶ޱߵĺڰΧ
ƽʱһ
ޡ
л˵


27 
ƽûй޵, ƽô˵
ȷʵͬȡ
˵䣬ĹŨ, ӰʮٶȻӰǱҹɫ֮УӰ
ƽüӵõǺܿ졣
ͷƽ⻧˼ſڱȾڵĻƷãʵʦ, 㷢ʲôˣ
˲, ȴ֪λŵСʦڷ̶֮ȣǳܹ
ƽû˵, ǳ񣬷īУմЩЯķī, ſȥѾʮưܵĻƷ˼, ȫŷȱ©
, ·һ㣬ѾȾڵķŨصĺɫȥ, Ȼһ¡
ƽıа赲ڣʴ̫ã಻һ, ҪʧȥЧˡ
ƽףƽµĿŶ侲, ʦ, 㷢, ղǸ޵ʵǿ
ƽ΢΢ףͬΪĹޣǸճΪ޲ãûϰ߹޵ķȫųйŨصĹŵѡ
Σ׸޷ײǱ֮УǺѲ׽
ƽҡͷϧֻڹ֮УԵüһδ͹ֹôˡ
ƽ
ӵؿƽ£ԭս˵Ի·
ƽ˵˵ϡ
һֻڹûĹޣΪʲô¹γ
һҲʱ䡣
ѳԪԷٶΪٹΪֻ˰ʱͳ˴ĵλɹ飬ȫ
Գ߱ٹ󣬲˹һĳ֡
ϰߣ.Ѿֻд
ҪһĨл˶ᣬЩѡľֻгΪޡ
ܹͨƾǵܹģ˵ʱΪ
¹޼˼ߣҲħһԺա
ǽĹޣеԺգԵЩˡ
صסջﻹƽ뿪ʱӡ
žƻļš
ƽڿջ䷢ͬĻƷջŷȾڵĳ̶ȱȷŻҪѾ޴ˡ
ƽԶ¹γΡĳţʱһƬɭ֮С

һ磬ƽߵŽˣƣһ£ѵ÷ɣ˯ЩʱԺġ
ƽֱʵûзֿջʲô
˶һۣҡͷ
̫ʷٵЩ֣оȫյô磬ƻδͽǸ˳ġ
ȷʵС˵䣬۴Ӷ¥ָ۵ĵƬ۾ס۵ĺ⡣
۲ûз֣˯رǵĺصĲʿûκΪķˡ
ôһ˵༸˲ŷӦ
˼ƺֹҹ˯óҲܳ
ѩͷһΪǽ̫ۣѵϢˡ
ƽüǶǸǳʿ±һ£Ϊģ˯ôҺʹʦŶ֪
۾ҹȥˣ
ƽµͷ֮Ϥ֪ųгֹ޺һ
ҹɢͷЩ̻
֪Ϊղἰ֮£Īýյ¹γǺһȣΧҪ١
һɽΪ΢ɽϴΪԭһ·Ϸƽ˾Щʧȴû뵽£ײǹ޳û˼ȴ¡
ƽŽĻƷƬ̣һУͻȻ뵽ʲô
˼·ذ
̫ʷӣѣͷٶܼҾҾƼұʹ̽һ£нǷʲô쳣ΪμҼһſڶҪа
ʦ㣬ʦһȥгֹޣ֪
ƽвϻ©Ǹֵˣһ飬ֱȥ¹γǶϱĽǣҿǷһ̶شȱ״ʯ塣
ٲ򶨶ƽ͵ذЩ˼
ûʶԼʱѱӦǴĿٵƽҲ˽ȥ
ƽµûκֱӳȥ˳
ȥһ£ﱻʴıаж٣һн֮ջ͡ƽɨһۣʵ˭һȥ
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û뵽ͬʱӻȴûһܵӡ
ҡ
Ҹһ𡣡
ͬʱԶӧ
ݰ׽ɫĳһڶǰĵѩüĿ紨
һԲֻĬĬؿƽ
ƵƬ۾ƽ¶һ޺Цݣεѣѡɡ
ƽ
ЩĪֻȥѲһѣΪʲôҪ
ƽɵһ𣿡
ͣ£ָЦá
ǵƺЩģȻɫܵȴһĪʧУĬĬ
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ۣ¹γǹģ󣬳ǧ໧˼ңٶ̻ÿһſڶ˱аһϵķʴʧЧˡ
üģƬ۾ľѹЩ죬һ죬ҲЩȥҵȱ״ʯ壬ѹʯɣ㾿ʲô
ƽĬ¶ŵĻŻ¹γǵм䣬Ѿ˽꣬ߴïʢ
ذ׵ָĳһ·ȥŵĻ¹γǶϱĸ䣬ָһһķ𻺻ȼ𡣷ڿĳأȼһȴܿϨˡ
šüȥ֪ƽ˵ʲôû뵽һֱվԱûĵݿˡ
嵭Ƭ̣޷飬ڵѾǰĶˡ
ƽͶһĿ⡣
Ƭ̣һ˼ͷ
ʮָٴϸϸ̽飬תܵ¹γƬ̺󣬾㵵ۡ
ơ˳۳ɵ
ҪҪѹʯƣ̣ȱһɣʯˣˣụ̂󷨸ܳ͡
ƽ뿿ϣŲԶһȺСͯڽֱߴ֣ڴ̽𣬾ﶦеδһ̻˼ĺþ
һ廨Сǰ
ƽ̧ͷǰСͯߵǰԥŲǰȡ
Ц£кСͯʵܸ߽ܲ㣬ʲôʱʼ֮Ͳܳˣ
Сͯƣûôˣһ֮ǰ֮󣬰ͲǳˣԺ涼ԡ
ƽСͯЦЦӻظЩȥ
СͯߺƽϵĻңûǣһ̡
һƽƽ󷨵壬˭ֹ涨ֻǻء
ǻ̳˾飬һԳأС΢֮ؿ㣬ʶǻ̿Ϊ󷨵塣
ƽ˵ţüĿ¹γǣΪȺɽۣ֮ĴһȪӳ£Ϊ£зǧմȾƽΪ¡
ķǳأеأ£ǧ飬ԳһأΪβȡǻ̶Ϊ塣
ԣֱ鳣оը죬Ժв˻
룬⻰ֱȫ˸ʱʦֵ
κһʦˣҪһ治
ȴ̣Ϊ
ɺʣƽ˵Ķ
Ȼƽͷ˵ʲôȴ޴ӿڡ
˵ղǷǧҪǰǲҪһЩɵʦǰȻ㻹û㹻ʵʱ򣬾ͻᱻ˴࣬
룬ѵҾͲˣ
˼ǧǧ߻۳һɰͰ͵ģ󷨣
˵꣬۾ͺ޲ðϻȥ
ɲǷϻƽ˵ղǷŵĻ
ƽȴֻЦЦ֪һɡ
ǰиѣҵġ
ǧͷڷ׷ӵ˼ץסһؼͷ
ˣƽǷޣ÷
ֲֹ÷ڿʱ¶֮ܺ似
һϣĻ
Ƭ۾ϸЩ۸žƬƽֻһƬʲ
֪΢ԫԤԵȫò֪е΢Ǳ򷨽ͨˡ
ʱǲŵģȴòˡ
뷨δ꣬ͻȻƽߵǰ˫ĿЦǽ£ͽˣʦ
һ㶣ƽ۵΢⡣
㾫ͨ󷨣ġƵƶϳǸʲô󷨣
۳ĬΣ֣ףԡ
ƿվڳǿô£ת𹦷˫ĿʼԿе·
ƽԵλڳۣԼһԣȴʱǰͻȻһ֧ľ
ƽЩ̧ͷȥվǰ֪ãľֻǷǰȴһԲ
ƽֱʱؿһ۵ݡ
ȻǸֽĿܣ쳣ÿĺܶ˶Ҫÿ
峺ȪͫɫǳЩ޵ıɫ֮ɽ
ůգȴڳ嵭ʣԵõĮףƷˡ
ǳܼ˽¾С۹˵еݵˣƯĲˣ塢壬ʲôɽҰ֡
ƽЩ֣䲻֪˭ģǶеĿʲôܵ뷨Ǻ졣
һͷ׽ɫĳߵﶼֻۣҪʲô̫ɡ
ƽǰӣһֽĿߣһǧһˡ
ɵݵ˫֪ͫΪΣܴĬжһ˿ί
ƽҡҡͷԼħˡ
ƽӹľЦ͸ҵģ
ͷӹľ۵׵ɫЩգ˵֦סˣˡ
˵һȴ˵ǲ֪ôڡ
ƽЦ̧ʵԣ˸͸ң
ݡšһ
˵ٶЩܸһָѧ˵˼˵˳С
ƽеľ֮ǰǸľɫҪǳܶ࣬ľҩʯľ飬ҲûпʲôľƳɵӡ
ƽʵʲôľͷƳɵģ
ôʣգգϾһ󱡺졣
ƽ룬̽ʵ˵
ĬĬͷ
ݷɺǰǹ뵭Įʾͳˣ˾ֹеľ㡣
ΪʲôҪӣƽֱؿҲ֮Ե޹»˵ҲӦյġ
£̶Ȼüͷ£𣬿ʼ˼⣬˼һ촽Ƭ̣Щżǲ֪Լ˵˼
˰죬һһ֣صΪͣˡ
ƽЩֽĿ̫ܿõӡ
Ŀ΢ؿŵݣĿܣһ¶ڰɡ
ݱЩ飬ƫͷƿĿ⣬ƽǹͨ͸ӡ
룬ΪʲôҪôԼѵǷʲô
˸ܣ͵ɽֻ뿴һʲôˣʲôӣʲôӡ
뵽ֿʼȡ
⼸죬͵͵Լ
Ϊûע⵽ʵȫӦˡ
ڻü棬ʶģˣע⡣
֪뵽ʲôüͷ΢壬ҡһ⡣
ƽʼտûдκһ˼ı飺ʲô
ɫƽɸıվֱ塣
ʵϣĿͷ
ƽ
ʱŵݵѾ˵ɣܲõĿֹܲԹܡ
ֱֱ֪
δ䣬еȻҡ
ƽע̱Զĺˡ
۵һöɫĵ裬ŵƹһ·䣬еģȫչƽǰ
ɫܰףóά˵ĺܴ󣺡ġƣʶ󷨡
ƽߵߣȫƾ۵ף۵׳ɫ䡣
ۿı֪ˣʵʲô󣿡
ƽɫЩѿĺʾ𹦷Լٱŵķ
ۺ͵ݲԵظ󣬸ϵʱͼƽˮվڳǰָһŷȼûǽУȴûκηӦֱӱûˡ
ƽǾ󡭡Ǳڳˡ
ۣû󷨣ʲô
ƽˮתΪ꣬
һǰͱóһ󣬳е˶ļƷ
ƽü˼ԣҪ󻹲һؼҪӴ
ԺһϵǺΣճˣʮ塣
۶£ܿ췴ӦɫҲѿ
ʮ壬ſ֡
ʱγ㡣
һȺ˻صջͺɫ̫ÿ
ƽ±һˣȥѾһ²סˡ
̫ʷĿ˵Լʮǰʼһҹ͹Ӱ涣ʱй֮ȫҹšһʿ·˵أ״ÿÿһöƷ˵ǿԱаǱϡ
༸ǵȷʵΧǱߵĽȱ״ʯ塣
ƽü̵Խڵ״һëȻ
Ҫ֣̫ʷǻᱻǧûİɡ
ΪһҲԪӤʲô׶Ĺޱȡ
ƽɫʱ䣬ų׿ʱ󷨲Ż֮ǰǿгƳŵķӡǻԴȥ
ɨÿͬŵݣ̶ӹ㶣дĽֵ
ʱǿʼ극Ӱ䣬һܰ
ƽڣĿУĵ
ǿӳȥǧô죿
л˵


28 ҹս¹
һﾪ, ˷׷׳Ĭ
󼸸ŵӲԣΪβߣȺزʶΪҪ᣿
ƽӻֻǻ׿ܵͬǡ
Щ¶ԥ, Щ
ǸǷ˳ΡɼȣϤ.已̥ľ˼䡣
ԥ˼ᶨ
ֱӵҲʲô, Ҫƿŵķӡһʱ䡣
̫ɽ, ʱžͻ󿪣ֱӽӵ¹γ, ʱ˶군
ڴ֮м⡣
ħһһȷأɿռ, һ, ֮⡣
ÿһʱ, ŶῪһΣΪͨ˼ĳڡ
ſʱ伫̶, ʱһΣʱһΣصҲ̶ʱڴĵĸط, ֮Ű, ޼ɡ
Ψһȷ, ÿʮ, űؿ
Ȼιųֵĵص㣬ʾ¹γǡ
۵Ƭ۾ĿѶ䵭
ȥҪ֡
ƽ롣
ƽбߣ֧óڴϣûջԼͷβĿ⡣
û̫ɵʱ䣬ƽȥԡ
⻰˵ûͷûβȴˡ
ȥԣȥЩˡ
ؿһۣҡͷ治㡣
˵꣬û˷һʱ䣺Ķһȥ󡣡
żŵĵӣ£ƽһͷ󣬼æ˺۵ĽŲ
˼ͷЩżɽǰһҪ˺İȫһ߰ɡ
δϵҡҡͷҶƻ̽һָָƽҸܡ
ᡣ
ԥƬ̣й޷ΪѺͶԻĿ˴һվҪͷռϷ磬Ƿأһ
ƽͷͬš
ǲá
û˵꣬ƽ´ϡ
ݵŮޱԣ΢΢´βʱ¶޹֮Уһ𽣣͸һһǰĿɿͰС
ƽǴӽȡһ֧㣬յĺܿ죬ܿ컯Ϊҽһϡ
һ˶ϳˣܵӵ
˵غ͹йأѾܽˣѷʦźʱܸϵȷǻǵÿԼ
ƽ˵󣬿ƽֵȰңҪΪˣΪҳô󣬻û͹ʽֻ֣ᣬӣⱲҶ޷Լĵˡ
ĵһһεսȷġ
ƽһģƺĬˣˣΪҲߣ
̵ʦʦöߣһʲô˼
ںīüš𣬾ĬƬ̺˵ģԡ
ѩߣ˵ͷ
̫ʷߣұߣɥǶô߷ڸҺѹ
ԥһҡҲУҺ£ȥ󡣡
̫ʷǰһ˵ıӰߵһ룬׿۱һȺͬţҧҧۻˡ
̫ʷȶ˳ǰѵһΣϿҵ԰ɣʵڲٳ
ƽۿʦ㲻Ȱң˺ϧģʵھȲˣҾ԰Լڵһλ
ƽ̿
Ƭ̣ƽЦ˵ܺãܾȾ;ȣҪԼȥ
ʱҹʱٹã֮󣬳ڵΣվͻ
¹γǡǧգǱֶ롣
ƽؿȺʿһ˲ͺǱ緢ӡ
Σһᾡȫǻ
ƽףƽȻ
û˻ŵʵԡ
ڳ֮УƽΪߵģѾϢվ֧쵼λɫƿȫ֡

Ƶľ羪̤ɽ΢¹γը
΢ַ꣬б졣
иǰصеǶһ쾪ѣ׷Ŷ
ô£
Ķ
źͯޣǲˡ
˿˿ϸʪѩķңתǾȫ庮ǣ˿䵽ͷɱ˪
ڲмۣ׹ǳδ⣬֮رԱ˪ɫ㸲
ͷѩ۸߾٣ڽͷͭദػΣһһء
ʵɢ֡
ãҹʱŽʱٹҹΣ֮ݲģ뿪¹γǡ
شһ·ȥţŵ˪ߣطƻ󷨡
ѩͣһģֵǿһ̵ֳֶӣҪ¡
֣صǵġ
Ȼ֪ϢǴ඼ǲŵġ
ʲôŽʲôٹҹΣǴδ˵
ֻ֪ĵطȻЩ֣ǰЩһɳÿһűа֮ûʲôˣֻҪǰؼңЩţÿܰޣСɾ˵ô¡
ͷԶѩ˳üĿֳУʱδֵİٹڰУȻˡ
ĸߡ
д󵨵˴Ժǽ̽ͷؿŸ𣬸ǶڼвҶһ˼ңĸֲֳ˵ͳͷؿ
û˶
Զ˵۵ͷ˰˶˵ˡ
ô죬ҪҪȥ٣
˭һǰûˣڳ˭֪
վڽֽǣͷûƽߣɫװ
Ƭ̣׹Ȼǲʺҡ
һҹɫӳɺѪ⣬Ȼնҹɫ
˲Ϣɣâ֣ڳ֮ªİ̺ۡ
³ֵ⻺ڴ˿̵Уɲͬޡ
ߵһŲСŮǰĿ΢
Ŀ䣬һĻһط죺ģ
СŮƲƲ죬ẬۿۡһͿʼޡ
˵ĺ͸ղͬһ仰
֪ΪΣȥ;ãڶ˵ʱˣв
·ҪĲʲôٹǰͬ޵ˡ
д󺧣Ȼˣ
ѩ͸Ĵֱ̫ʷϸºܶࡣ
Ǹ٩ģǸѸͬŻǸеͨˡ
۵ȥ¥֮ĵط
ΪζƵƵʶҲŵһι¡
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̫ʷֿ̧ȥǵĺװοɸ˼£гɹˣȥһҪд׫飬ӡǧ򱾡
ҾͿ֣ûط
̫ʷżž֣ɤӸ󺰣ǣˮˣܰ
仰ʲôá
һӿϼҴڣеıˣеıźֺس
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ǲ̵ֻҳһţʵǸϽȥȻ𰡣
Ҽҵļû
һյϸ
̫ʷһߺǣҪôˣߣ
һҵʱ˴ͷ˻ʶӣ˸̫ʷųŵķȥ
һһ߻ɻˮˣû𰡡
̫ʷģٺһ䣬ȴ棬ֱʣĳҹ
ƺصΪԲѡ
̫ʷбǰȥлգգ۾˵һ仰
Ⱥ̫ʷֻͨл˵ʲô
ôҵİ֮𣬿ӣջٶǿԵġ
̫ʷջĿ⣬࣬ȱлұ
һУסԼҺӵĶ䣬οޱ£ӱԡ
ĺӱŵÿ޵ֱ飬òƽϢ֮󣬱ڻ͸ķ϶ɫԽԽϺʲôĶ˸
С۾ڴߣ崰Ӻ󣬾ȵöˣ۾ཱུС֣ˣˡ
͵ôˡ
˵ţƫͷһסˡ
תúܿ죬ֻǼ仰ĹԭѾװпŸɭ·޶һ
ҹ
ı˪˽ͷβһĻԶҹ֮𣬴εڵǳأǺ㵹˼칬
̤𻺲ųξĹâӳգˡ
ָһ΢ƯСǰ
ƽСЦȥᷢòã
С۾ϳǰڻ°Ľ㡣
һ·ƮҡųŵķȥС㶵ͷͷԼİȴҲ˫۷ֱؿǰĽ㡣
ɿĿİͰ͵˵ɡӣҡ
֪˵ʲôʶӦҪ¹ȴȥһε
һѡ
ƽĿƽͶȻȥɣʱܽ
ɱźһÿھӵţһȺ˿첽ųŴӶȥ
İȻѹھУؽŴ֮ʱ˺ҧסǵʺ
ãȻ޴ǣ˳ӻ򲻸Ը뿪Լʮļң̵ֻδ֪ķ
Ļ֮£¹γеͬΪСĺϣųŴۡ
Ŵ߸̡
ĿǰΪļޡ
ϸꡢ硢
ͬŷӡʮ·
顢񡢶ꡣ
ŷӡĵ㿪ʼŷӡƣڲʼ߽⡣
۶ǰ꣬ͬʱֲͬ󷨶˵ľ޴
ڳŴ·ӡˣһǸ֡
󷨾ȻƽʱԺµ󷨻Ҫѽ⡣
ҧѸٵλй֮ұ߿λ𹥡
ָŵĵӽɴ˵һ֮ƽӡ󷨡
ʱȥɫףĵٶȷɿ죬ʳӡƵٶɲ
ҲѾ˼ޡ
˶ΪչԪӤڣһȺŵĵӣҲ޷ӡ
ʱ䲻ˡ
۴ϢУȱ
ɻ˭
ҶصĽŲϡ
΢۳һɾ죬ںͷ
ûл֪Ǹ˾µĳа
ͬʱһ֧ҹɫڳŷӡڵ㴦ӿ˺ƽĽȡ
ѩ֯Ź£ǹЯ˪ѩһһδ׼ÿһҪλá
޴Ļ£ƽĵ·Ĭʱ䡣
һɫӰȻȰٿȻһĮĵ
ݵò
ƽźһ˵ĻԶ㲻Ҳǣ
Щ΢⣬·ǰһеĿ´ʽαװֻд˿̵ĮȻĿ
ԶڲԶһȷʵʺ顣
ʱ֪˾տݼ
ܹǰһĺˣô˶ж¶ķġ
ĮһûиıеߺƵ㡣
ֱһˡ
ֻʱһۿеߡ
ƽĮȻӱ˼䣬ůôӦܵ𡣡
𴽽ǣĿת¶ƽһŵģЦ㿴һϸͽ
ԶƬ̣ѵ񡣡
ƽŪָ⣬΢ס۵һŵĲ͡
λãҲܸõĲǵ䣬𡣡
˵ĶԻֻ䣬ƽٶ̧ʱ˳вٽ䴫ĵǶƻˣǹʡ
ˡ
ƽ˲䣬нǰİĹӰ֡
ȺޣǴӻƷѾױʴļг֡
ȻѾǰתΪ޵ˡ
ں֮УľȻǣֻ֪ãȻǰһɼǿҵ.Ҫꡣ
ȺᣬܵĳطżŨϢ̶ӿϣҲųŵķ۶ȥ
Щޣƽҹ޶¡
ÿ޵Ϊ㲻ϸߣʤࡣ
һ಻ʮмԪӤʿڣҲ޲
ڳſڵʿǷ׷¶
ߴŲ鲻Ը뿪ҵǿӴĹӰ˿Ѿ˵
⡢⵽ʲô
˵䣬Ѿ׷ǰ˻ųӴĹӰǳװ
̫ʷðʣ˶гˣȻҹһڶ¡
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ƽص˲䣬̧һǡ˪ն¡
ҹɫ˪йӰ裬ǧޱһ֮⡣
ģƽĿ䣬ûŷīһѶذ
ٱ任ţһӴ໺͡
̽ŴʮƹЮ⽫¹γȫǡ
Ļ¿ȥⷽһֽ¹γȫ䡣
ذδϣʺ֭ҺѪ
Ǿ㵵ط֣һ˲䣬ղŻڵعǱʲôסˣ
治ɫͬʱ߸ͷѣ˿ҷɣ˶Ϊȡʱ䡣
еұ޵ʱ򣬺۸оĳİʶƣľ
ɷӡƵĽߵõٶԿ
Ŀһϲ죬ʱ䲻ˣ
ƽͻȻΪ֮һ
޲ͣسײµ󷨣ҪάŽֵͬʱҪ۽ܴͬ
ƽάֲ˶á
Ӹлһ᣺ϵط
ȱлұæҵؽӹᣬһͷ۵Ĳͨɰһ߽ŵѧ
һĦש
Ǿؿлȫ󲻳ܴ
ȷʵЧǵĶٴηŻˡ
ƻʣһ߾ܳ׻⣬˿ͷҹŨĹǷ·õʵ
ʱˡ
ƽɫһףºͷ
Ѽɶ˿̾ʱſֻʣһʱ䡣
ǵǰ·ŽգԵطڿ޺һʱ䣬Ŷ
̫ʷ¿ˮŵô졣
ƽĿԶ£һŷɽ˾֡
ǸϽð
ƽšüŷΨн𵤾ϲʹá
̫ʷ¶
ţ̫ʷƽ赭дˣղײա
ƽ³һ仰˵ҹ򵥡
ԣͽҹᵤɡ


29 Ŵ
ᡢᵤ̫ʷĿ, ôᵤ
ûǴʦӦûڵΪɡ
磬ҪһԾ𵤾
̫, ̫ʷûӣѿڶᵤ𣿡
˵ʶԣεҲǸ˼
Ӱƽ֣ǵϮ
ƽҹӰսʢͷҲصʦ, Ҫ
ƽ, ʺۣһ̣𣿡
ֽˣ
һ, һܰӡ
ңʱţʱ, Ҳֻʣһʱ䡣
ƽˮ, ʦ, סǰ̼ɡ
ӽóһīɫƿƿԼɽ·, ƿ΢󷨣ƽУС
ƿ⵹ʱѩչ߽, סƽ
ƽ̧˶Ƭ̡
ˡҪνᵤ
͸ƽ״ġ
ƽ￴ȥ˱޶, , ״ж⡣
һͷ, ֮УոŹ޵Ļǡ
ӰأͶִһƳδоǲͬ
ƽЦ£ƿѩ֣Ū˵⣬֧ŵᵤ㹻ġ
ƿеһҩ
öҩϾĴɫҲǴ׵ģϸ鿴ܿҩͬһӡϡ
õҩĺԭƵ޸ġ
Ҷҩһζټҩı뷨
ζҩһζҩ
λҩļ󣬷Ҳһʧܣٶ֮¡
һġ
Ƕĳɹˣջյȼۡ
Ŀǰĵơ
˭˵ϸپ޷ᵤӤ
ƽ治ɫöɫҩ
һѡ
̷µҩ˲䣬˶оƽѹڣܿڣڣһ·ԲᵤĹؿڡ
ҪĿԽѶȾļ򵥶ѻͿԵġ
ҪĸľĴ;Ļۡ
ƽʮָϯض
īзɳûָӣأԽƽŵĵط˸ȦǳīɫƽΧסƺڱ
ҧɢƴ赲ŹǰĲ
˿иȫΪƽŷӡһ
¹γǵǧձһȺʿȻüӴĹȺ峯˻Ҫǵ꣬ŵÿ޺졣
Ӱ£һƬѻʱ̽
ʱŴ򿪲һʱ䣬Ǽǰٱƽն佣¡
Σͷپ壬Ҳû˻ͷ
̣˵Ҫ̣ǾΪӰ̣
ѩŹɭıǼֱͬ޵Ŀڡ
ңƴɱΪ޼ɵ
ƽֳֳΡȻǰˡ
սһ˿̽˻
ʦ΢λµһޣȴϰδϮɹĹ
ⲿҲԼܵĲнġ
˽ִɵųϮ΢Ĺ˺õĴߣҪȥԼѰǲ֪·С
һ·ƽߵúܿġ
˫ңӳųи鲼ŵлİ𣬸á
ҹণƽüѹͣһ㣬̤Уѹһ磬תбߣն¡
һʽɴġС
ҹͬ͵衣
Ψлһѣεĵӣĳҹи͹
Σʱ̣оһʱ˵ͷ
лѡΪǵҪĵ
ٿȻ䡣
㵹񷶥϶ɺۡ
Ӱǧˣ֮ڳը졣
ƽƽתɽӹڲƵʮŸ죬ڽѹ¡
ֻɵ֮ʱ
űƽ̷öѩ׵ҩ븹¶á
΢ɰ׹뱻׻ٻϸ
ͬƵ޸֮ܣöѩ׵ҩãԳѰ˵
ڲԶܵӵֵޣȴڴ˿Ȼ
ǳͫһ˿ȻƬ̣·ȷʲô
е֮ƽϸгһ˵ľ
ԭȲƲϸУһ΢ɰ׹ɵµϸ͡
µİɫϸʵͬһΡӰԭƵϸ֮⡣
ȥƾһµϸ
ܿ˿ƽе䣬һᾪֹ
ϸΪʿ֮ҪϸΨһҲɴ档
ûܹڶϸ
ڣƽˡ
ֻƽԼµϸǸ
öɫҩãαװһٵϸƭףƭطƭ֮ʱ޿̲עŴ˽˫ۡ
˵졣
ѹ͵˼£׹է֣ƽն¡
ƽۣ׽īӱʵµһס
칬йһв
ƽͨĻ϶ͻȻһǧǰ֮ǰֱʱ͡ɡһ֮Ե
ʵҲûмɵݣֻ˶Է⴫
桢Į߸ϣĮһ顣
˽ƴΣ޼¡
ֻһˣ޾ǧش
ƫҪ죬ʴ˽ϣ˭֪
ûм棬ƽҲ̸ʱġ
ܽԿɱⷽأΪ죬Ǵе֮ˣβʹ죿
ԣó졣
ƽԼԼʱйúܣЦһͶ׽֮У
βʹ죿
δʹ죡
ѣװԼⷽ졣
ΪβԻԱ֮
µϸǼ󣬾ǶǼ
ֻ꣬ǧδ䡣
׺¡նƽϣ¹ϸһһε֮ʵһʱѱ档
ٶʮŸ죬ڳһö貵Ľ𵤣ȻٵϸУ䡣
գ͡
𵤳ɣδɢ
ƽЯ⣬ʡ
ǰ޷ֽīմһʴ޸֮ˮȴ޾ķȻɢ
ˮīɫ΢ƺΪ֮ͣפ
īɫ֮УÿһʷⶼΪ֮
ƽǵɢ
һƽ¸𵶽գѩչһڵصĺҹɫӰ̫ʷæȣеĹһͷϺݺһģŻ
ΨлҪĵʼδϣ谭Ź޵Ĳ
ձʣɡ
֮£ŭն֮ʱҫҹ硣
֡ŭ
˵쳹˶ĿΪ֮һʹ
ŭ޷ʹİŵķӡһ˿ӡ˶
üһȫԱ֮߶һ
ӡƣ
죡۸ߣûʱˣ
ãȻ޴¹γǰʶһӿϣƴһ·
վھ·ĵطȴųããԭҰһ˲ԥϰһǰ
ȻܵǷƴɱģƽīᣬͳҹΪһ塣
Ψбʣ·΢ĩǻɽ硣
һ˲䣬ͷ
ȺУܲãԸܵȺҲҪ
Ժҳúÿ˼ԭ
ױӱˣѧߣ޲ֻͨǸ¶ȴҲ翿Լ֮·
вǲġ
ɽһ⣬Ⱥڼ߹ߣǰȺͬϵķˣʲô
ҧأ߸Ծ𣬾УδӳȺ˱ȥ
ӳһ̣ʱ䣬ǿŵķ
ѹѹķڳ˳ȥƾƾʹֻʣѹļ˻ڳС
ƽһŭ˴ĹޣʣС벻Ϊ壬˷ֿһ޵Ľͬʱɿųȥ
죡쵽ʱˣ
·Ӧ˸仰Ⱥǵõĳһ˲ʵԶܹԿˮƽˡ
ƽĿ⺧ȻŴԹĹʵ
֮ǰЩǸձתɣʵѷɫ١
һȺ˷ɱȥۼѾ˳ſڡ
ʱ±ڱΣɫȻһ䡣
ǵõǳ׿
˻ĹƣںҹΪɲ
ء
ƽһĳĺɫŴγһŵĴţͳǽͬߡ
֮󣬳ǧĸ߽׹צ
ſٹҹΡ
ƫƫϳŶǰһȺ岻ѵķˣһڹǰͬ׵ķ⡣
˾˵ͣͣƽ¡лƽûӳ
ƽŲһ٣Ŀͺڿн¶һǳЦݡ
ǰƽºлûʶ⣬д˹ģʶǵҪ
δ䣬ƽٶȻһŷ
ŷƽºлһѣͳǣһΡīɽȻڳ֮ǰ
Ŀѣֱīɽ˻˸ա
һ̣ſűա
ȫ˵Ǹˣ˳


30 
źϵ˲, ˽ȻĿ
ǧһ֮ʣһӰ, ȻƽȻīɽûС
һ̳ıӰͷİ׽ɫ˿
ˣҹ޾ֻʹ֮
վڳǰĵغݺݴһȭ, ˿Ƭ۾Ⱦۡ
㶵ۡȥʲô
ƽɫѿ, ҧѷܾԮڴ˴Ⱥ, ץʱȥ΢ɽϴһֻʱ䣬͵õȺüˡ
ŵ, ڳ, ȥ, ȡ
ƽǳպ𣿣
Ϊ, ֻǵߡ
ѩĿǣȰڴһͬȺʦžԮǰӺúôӳ˭ܷȥ΢ɽϴ
ʹ, ѣǵȵ𡣡

Զǧ֮, ƽµֱӴС
ӿٿȻȼ, 紵, һҡ
ȼ¶һöСĴ
֪ΪΣЩϸȻһֱγ̫С
üĿʦ㣬ֿ
΢ԭб̤Ժںδ
ˮؽݸ
΢ɨһۣüͷ𣺡¹γǣǾȥˡ
ӽһĵӣȫ¹γС
úܣ͹йص飬ǼСԽġ
߸ˣƵ˵üζֱԾתΪҧЩתĹʵֲǿ˵ΪΣ
΢ⲻȥˣȥһ˹Ԫ

ԪܽӵϢҪ硣
ڹſ˲䣬ԪλѾܵˡ
볤üĵɽ۳ͤʯϣǰһ̲о֣ڵȴǰ
΢ɽʱֻе˺ɽ֪
ͷҲֻ̧ǵˡ
ںĳλϤѴк
ʵϣ˽΢ȥ˶֪λЩͳ΢ĵӣǵִ⽫΢¶ġ
û뵽һᣬ˹Ԫһ׮ἰľ¡
΢Ҳֱǰ£룬ѿĴΣǰӶҪࡣ
𻺻̧
ʿĿ⣬ڣȴһ˫ƽ緲˵ۡ
أ
΢ץ˰Ѻɫϣʮָһ̵֮ء
΢ָǰϢңδһԣֻǸһͼ;Ȧ˼ص㣬ָһͼ
𲻽ӻʵ󣿡
΢ЦԵһҴδ󷨣ȥ󷨣ʵϵǡ̳
΢ץһööӣϼϡ
ڰ׵ӣЩƽȣɽ۵ķһΡΡġ
΢ŵ𣺡ľÿζڼ̳֮ϣԭȵļ̳ƻ˴ոתޣΪʲô
Ƭ̣̾Ϣһȷд𰸣ҲԪɽϣһ͸ĵʦ𡣡
΢Ц϶ҡ
˿Ѿ͸Ĳ裬΢Ŀ¶ƿһе
ˣԼŪİɡ
΢һ٣ͷ׼ͷһһķˡ
𾲿Ƭ̣أЦ
ҲѡΪʹˡ
΢ŪӣĮȻɹ飬ɽپˣҲңɼˡ
¶һĨ⣺ôõˣλôء
ȡΪĿܣҪǵ
΢̧ĿȻֱֱײ۵ס
򽭣ұɱ㡣
ֱӣ޼ɵ
һЦ϶˻ơ
һöӣȥӷɵգײε֮бڡ
һԱ졣
ⳡԻ첻֪ز֪Ψλɹ֪

ϽģǼǲϣٿɾˣǾ͵õҰˡ
Ұʲôãɰñɹٹš
ûӵģ֪ҰЩʲô׺⣬Ұ޻̳ӣڹһҹ͵ñҰ̸ɾ
ҰˣԹ
Լ䣬ƽߴߴ
Ժһʹѹ
ǰŹŴ󿪣󣬰ٹҹϮľ
ʶҪ߬īȴԼпտҲ
ˣ嶼ƮƮģûʲôڸС
ƽۣ˼شԼ
͸ĻڿУʵ壬ֻһӰ
ɫĳȹҷ£ȹǹ
תͷŵˮݿԼʱӡ
üβɺ죬ƺǺЦȴܸܵ޾¹ڷĺâ
üۣƽա
ߵ壬߷ơ
ֻ䣬ҡ
˵ȵϵһĨ졣
ʼѪġ
ƽˡ
󣬻Ϊ
ĻǱûбתɹޣȴ֪ȥ
ƽĿȥǰԶȺųһֳӦþǰĵ¼ᡣ
Ⱥ֮УһϤӰ
ƽ£æԷƮȥ
ݸһ߽ƽĿ¶ϲδڣͱƽס졣
ڣ̣ؿ
ƽһͷ׽ɫ
֪Լж


31 
ݻգ, Щɫƾ
˵ô֪ǿġ
ƽֿܷ˵ǧ, ˮƽ̫ˣ¶ĺԡ
ֵĿ䣬ָŵһǳİɫ·Ʋ˷ֽĶ¶ˡ
ĬĬšһ¶ĵֲػ, 顱һ, ˲ƽǰͻȻСɰƴֽƬˣƽġ
ƴֽƬȫǵݵĵȱС, ҫ۵İ׽ɫ޾գԹƽ, ʣڿ𣿡
ƽ΢Ц, ܹԡ
ƽ¶ԺƵ, ŻᶯֽƬСζڻشһ⡣
ôϳ˭ġ
ĻǺߵĲͬһϳġ
ס, ƽ䵭ɵĬĬֱ壬һûͣҾʶ
, ȻܸӦĴڡ
ĸӦڻǵӣ., ֪ǰİĻǾ
˵
, ͷ, ƺЩɥ
ƽˣֲ˵
ݵͷ
ƽڵ˭
˭ôĿܷһô׾ĿǱߡ
˵Ŀʲô
۾΢΢Щ
ô֪δˡ
ѵ֮ǰ¶ʲô
ǲ̫찡
Ϊһʱ䲻˻˵̫õݺ˼ôӵ⡣
ǵĬĬ˵
Ҳ˵ƽΣΪҪҽ򣿡
ܲʸԻش⡣
ƽ̾ϢҪͦࡣ
ûʣŽͷӰֽֽܶƬ
˳ƽĿһ··ĶײײźΡ
һ룬ֽƬݱɫóڵü⣬ûɿͷԼ½ϣֽҴ½ֻ¶ССϰ̽ͷ
ܻ鷳ġ
ݱĽڣоһֱðűֽƬˡ
ô˴󵨡
ƽûֽƬʲôӦ½ƾĸоָоǳ΢
û·ĿյС
̽ʶһԼܸоߵ.ûҲûкһ֮ңǾڴ˽֮У֪ںδ
¹γУһŲɽ˹˼䣬֮ԡ
ʱѾģ
˵ҲǲеңΪһʴǡ
ʶǵɹľ磬Ҫʴףվں;ĶʤһûбֱתΪ꣬ȡ塣
ôһҪǰ
ȥˡ
ȥһƬӣֹ򾹺粢̫䣬γһȫµ硣
ƽܸоٹλûе۷ʱڵΪԿٵء
ƺǴʲô֮ϣһķٶĿռ䣬ͨͨʹĳϣʵһɹƿصľ޴ؾ
ˣƽҲò̾ߵ
δɹһȷʵš
ڵƺһǳ֮⣬Զ⼷վޣڳſųɳӣ֪ʲô
ƽװµߵĩβʮȻغΧȺ̸
ΪۼôŶʲô
ԣΧü޻ͷһۣȻ»ɣ
ƽͷ΢ЦɲͻȻûϰߵ¡
ԷΪͬҶҲǹ˱̶Ҫģϰ߾ͺˡﵱ˼䵱ˣҲû̫𡣡
ԷȻǸ˵ƽ»򣬵úŶӣʱȥ˼սɲ¹ֺ֪ͱק»Ҳ
ָųӾͷŴһԲһģĹ޵ǳĲ٣ŶӣȥҲٵǼᣬյĹˣڹ͵ػһ⡣
ƽźۼؼεǼ᣿ֱٱͿ𣿡
ԷЦһһȻֻ¹ʳôĻı顣
أֻǹǹޣҪȻҪԼڹȡһƬ֮УˣǹʽĹˣɹģҰǣûбϣֻܿС
λĹ˵ţƮԶŴɻ֣ôô
Զһ֪ŹǷ˵һ»Уһ.δˣ飬Щ
ƽüһ
꣬˵ġ
ɫûڶĩŶ黺ǰţһģûһ䣺λ磬ղ˵˳ڣƺҲйޣ
ôʣ޵ɫ΢һѹŵɱҰǶһȺ蹷ָʲôʱͰˣ
ƽգգۣ¶޹ֺ񣺡ȻôΣգΪʲô»Ҫڳ⵱Ұ
ǰԼйۣΪҰԲܹɹٵĹҲ˵ôɡ
£Ųӣһ˵ı»֪ôûôģϽס¡
ƽװһԼȥ˵ӣͷлλ硣
øϿҵС
ϴϸ΢ƽֽƬݴ½̽ͷ˵ڻ꣬ǻ̫ã壬ǿʶҲᱻеĹʴ𽥳ΪҰ
ʱͳӲˡ
ƽԣʳָֽƬһԼ½
𶯡ƽ˵ᱻֵġ
ݺòȥֱһָͷ·о
ǣмܲס
ǰʾˣǰ½ϡ
ͷƽУƽϢŶ⣬ĬĬԼ
͡Ҳġ
ڻ̫ˣΪʸ֮ģǺ
ֹãƽоҹİɫƽϱսƽԸоеһȺ޽
ץǰǸĵĹʵô£Ϊʲôҿȥô
Ĺȥ״̬Ҳãˣǹҹûģնǹ޶ҪѰܶ࣬ңڳ⣬ûǣһգС
δ䣬ƽѾɷǳǿѹֱ޹˼ɵس˳ǰĳС
ƽһԾǵƣоԼжӯһԾͿҪ
ҰӰ
ɹٴˣǣҪǣ
ȺҰڣƺÿһȳѰҪǿܶࡣ
˲䣬омСĹޱû
Ĺ걻ֱ˺ѣƬӰ̳븹ҰʱƽɵСź
ƽһοͨɻ̵ķʽ
˹޺
ƽ˫΢УܵȺҰϷŨҵɷ
һ⣬۵׶Լɺ֮ɫͷһ
ֳһţĴӣڶĹޣܵ⼸ڵҰɼҰʵ֮ɲ
ãڴӳгһɹ٣һȺӣʱҰսһš
һսҰץʣߣʧ̬ƽϢ
λĳĹ޴ڻҵĹȺһȴûпƽӰ
૵СŮòôùһ죬ûǾͱҰ˰ɡ
ιһźѵ»˳⡣
֪ǵǼķʽƽȻܹԹԵĽǡ
Գһ˳ûע⡣
ԽߣԽܲ˼Ĳ
˵Ŵȥ˼޶µĻȫһò
󣬹ơ
ǰգҲĪ˸ϵһ
ԭ֮УеȫҹΣصģǰ졣
ʱͷѾУΪƽδΪĹޣⲢûòʣоůġ
ֻǳտʮκӰ
ۼˣֽƬֿʼץסƽ죬̽ͷ޻꣬ҰҲͬҰ֮以ɣɵǶԷĻǡ
ԣһҪԼĻǡ
ƽ֪ˡ
ܣֻĵġ
ٿȻЦһգŲ΢١
ֱϮƽ
ƽһָݰȥԼץãˡ
̶ϮķͶȥƽһƳ
һֱӽа͵ϮĹԭء
ôܣ
»꣬Ϊλ˿µѹ
ƽ߽ʶƾսӰ
ôôء
һǧػһ⣬һС
ΨԼ꣬ԼԿУ޷ĥµһ˵ǿʶߵڡ
޻ꣿ
ǣײ


32 ˭
͵ϮһҰ, ղŸֱӳײǵȺʵҪЩ
һβ.ֱйƽЩϰߡ
ʶϳ, ͵ϮҰֱ׽С
ѹȴҰܵ˼µľ塣
Ұرۣŵȴ̳븹һȴҲûио걻˺ѵʹ
Ұۣ̽׽סüͷ, ¶˼, ֪Щʲô
Ұսսңܷܲߣ
һͬµĴڼ׷տʼ», ǴֱӽɣһԼ»ʵԸ׷λһս֮
ȴû뵽ߵ, ׷û, ѾҪˡ
Ĵ, Ȼαװ»ģⲻǵ
, ƽ˸Ĺâ˭˵Ҫ㡣
Ұ£
Ұǿ
ײ˱ԼǿҰУҪģΪֻһ, Ǿ
ƽ۵׻һ˿, Ҳ, Ҫһ¡
Ұʱ˾棿Ĳ, Ըһ
Ӧ죬һݣʱлǰΪǰϹᣬѡ
ƽû뵽Ұŵ֡
ʱһ˵꣬ٵǰǵøϽˣһ񾳵Ұ׷
ԥҸղžǴߵġ
ƽЦ£ȸңΪޣҪԼĹ
ʱ꣺
ãȻⲻÿ޶֪𣿳»꣬
ʱ˵ţԼҲͣ˼ؿƽ»갡
δ»˿µѹʱ꾪ŵѰʿΪޣʵʵС磬»ꡭ
ʱ¿ˮǰʲôΪ
ƽ˫΢䣬ȴֻľѹȸеĿ⾲ע
ʱһǳʶʱؿʼƽ֮Ĺ
УԻУŽУתΪͿʹĹˡ
ʱ˵꣬С»֮ʵ๦ʺˣҲ޷ʵǹ޻ǸԸֱԻս
˵䣬һӴѹʱ궼ʼ
һԶűһ㡣
ҵ
ʱʶضƽ󣬾ΣƬɱǣҰһܵС
ƽƳһۣЩȵü
߻Ǽʵź.ûһͷڷ죬׹ǹκڷϣΪƽһɷ
˫Ϊ֮ս
˲䣬ʮָ׹צٿȻץƿֱƽ
ƽƾŸղʱʱ̵ķŽתΪʹãͼٻī
õв϶ðʱǻʱȫƾҵĹӴܣҲԵд⡣
ʱһԣҳƽӰЩ
λǰܵھҪҪӰ
սգƽһͣǻ裬޷˳ó
»μˣЦһҪôãҵ
צ͵ǰȥֱһƴ͸ƽؿڡ
ʱ꾪һԼû壬ȴǱųһ亹
̣ƽӰȴͻȻλûзӦʱޱӴĻѹ£ֱӽѹƵĲܶ
ܵѹĿҲ¡
ǿ
˭
ƽ֣ܹջתˡ
εĺ󾱣εתһԼ
ʱʶԷղ֣
ĿѣҲܹǴ˿ƽҪεĿ䴩ˡ
Ѿ˳סˣҲ䲻ˣһգֱӵϽңɴ㡣
˵˺͸ղʱһĻ
ƽεǻǵãһһԼҵģҲǱֶѡ
Ȼֻ˵㡣
Ĳܵġ
ձһнʱ꣺
ڻź󲱾Σ
ĺ˼˵⻰
ƽεЦúǺơ
˵Ƭͷ㣿


33 ɳ
Ϊ˷ֹγû, ƽ۳һΣǰ·
ζֱǣһǣң
Ͳ, һʼʱתôת۵ĹѾذѻѹɸˡ
ƽʮֱֿ̧̧֣ӰηŷƵĵ
ûЩ棬Ⱥ., ֱûƮƮ, ͺûеκζһ
εסֺƽЩȵط֣εסֻ㲻üª, Ҫ˵жǲܵġ
ҪǷ˼䣬һ»񾳵ĴܣͱŹˡ
ƽֱҡͷ, оҰӹԲҡ
ܵƽ, ߳ŭҰĴ, ޶ǳ̬ˣѾǲ, ⼸ĸ»겻֪Ϲʲô
ƽյҰûʲô飬¡
ȥ˵, һûɹִҽ飬, һӶȫ, Щϰߡ
бۿ
ҰռҼҵĶôôء
η˸ۣ˼Ҫ, ʿҲ󻯹ˣ
»񾳵ΪѾҰ֮һˣеĴͷǼҲ޼ΪߵҲС˾
оճ»꣬ѹÿһƳĹ޼
󻯹ΪµС磬Щֱӵһ󾳽硣
˵»ǰΪҲǵɹ顣
˶ˣɹˣ˼仹ˣ
ƽ֧ãšȷʵҪԶˡ
綼ɵĿ֮УϵЩһﻢ񣬵һսĳײʳ
ƽһƽؽſƿֲ飬һëȻ
أһƽۣ˼ؿա
֣Դ֮ͷʱ޿̲˿ŵĸо˲٣ûˡ
ֱӵĸоһǧʱѾܵˡ
Ȼδ¶棬Ǿɡ
ǧȥԷȻô߸ϣ磬ȺСϰ
ܸɵĿӣ
ƽʼ˹Ŀԡ
㲻̫õġ
Ǹоƽ룬ֽƬݼѵش½ƽһ·ϣվļ̽ͷ
ƽ۷粻ķһɻڡ
С͵ĽȻһתǿȣʮ죬ʮû뿪ǾͻΪĹޡ
ԣҪҵ壬о뿪
ƽṴ֪ˡ
Ȼ֪ܾģͦá
ָֽƬ˵ķֲϤֽŸУмַ˿ʵ
ˣֱԴƽľ䡣
ƽ˵ʲôû壬ֻĿɻؿƽͷᶯֽƬʲô
ƺʶƽĲεĵֻˣ
ݲˣƽװĿ͵ֽƬ
ƽƳһۣĿش
αһۿֱˡ
ڹģȫʶʱ
Ҹ˵ָθʲôСҰɰβŪͷϵİ׹Σڵ̵òˡ
ƽбһۣôһ㣿
֮ǣ⻯񾳵Ұмɣ￴С
ΣҲǡ
ô˵ֱ˵ĸо
ƽĵزŪָߵСܸܵ𣿡
񻮹ҹűһƳ
Ըоܸܵ˴ƶ
ƽڵȥʲôط
ΣܶడθڹвĿڱҲڱ
˵ţü嵹òҲǳŻİɡ
ƽüʲô
˿ˣ»Ҳ֪顣
ڴһһԱ̬ڣҲ飬ˡ
˹֮Ұܵõ飬ʵõѰ
δҰΨһͨҰʵķʽ
ƽۣЦҲҪ
ǿѾ˼£Ҫֶˡ
û뵽һΪҰǺǿ󣬵ѵһϹ޵۷壬޳
ƽʵ˵Щһö
ǻ鵱ô棬ڶѾħˣôƽ
ƲƲ죺Ȥ
ȥνʲôҲԡ
һͷƽ
ƽ򱱷Ԩ
ܹ飬Ҫҵ壬Ҳڱ

ǡ
һźɫۣͷñɫ԰׵ӹȣڵ⹧£δҵǸټ
ͳ䵭
޳Ŷ룬ŵ֮˹һݡ
¹͸ҹڵڣڵӵһ˪
Ӱ׷ѩ¹̧࣬ͷǿ˫ʱֻоһĵ׵ĺ
һѪƴɱûа˫ۡ
˼仹ǹԺգ˸ǣֶΪ˲ἰĽɡ
޳ѾѯĿûǵϢӦڻҰΪҰˡ
аһƴСıУһҪġ
赭дʱһˡ
޳ǣ¡
԰գֵ¡ҪΪҽʦ.𣿡
䣬޳͸ܵ΢̧۵Ѫӿ޳еһ̹ǡ
޳ˡ졣
ջĿ⣬ҽʦʱ˲١
ȻģĽ̶ܳȸߣפ̫ܡ
޳ĵⲻһԸ
ҽʦԸñ˵塣
⻰ǲ˵ģֻܻ˸⣬㱨ɲϢ½лҰǺǼѾ»ˣΪǼ񾳵ҰҲС
ߵšһÿɷתʵأ
޳ĬĬ̾Ϣҽʦѹ뵺ɲķȥ
ԣüͷһ̶ЩȺҰҶ

˵ôģ
θǰµ;УҪԽããĮ
κʱ굹Լ˵ѾϰĴ޶˾ҵطϯϢҹ˾ҹ
ʱƽʶȻǿԲ˯ġ
ΪƽĲ֮θһ·ȻĿʼ̸ˡ
ʱؾͬҺ֮ͬһһ˪˪ػ޺һ˲УӴܵʱͬΪ˻֣ޡеңǸؾһȪۣ󣬻Ȫ۲ɢ˹ޡ
¶ݣʲôͬڣĸŵģֳûȥ
ʱɬһЦǸСţʱѾãʧˣֵһᣬ˵Ҳա
κöСŲܳ𰡣
ʱĿƣδڣƽȻؽӻΪСŵмǸһͬؾͬţΪ޺ȫ˰ɡ
ʱ겻˼صͷ
۾ɬʱ꣬ʶһ
θƵɵƯ
¶ͣ˿ڼǰʱһǿʵ
أ
˵ЦΪһˡ
ǹ÷ķɻأǰӹúúõģ֪֮˵һ£￪ʼĥɣû츳ڼпాҲóЧ
֪ӺδһаҪУöնɱԼ׽ˡ
һЦȻɵ·˵˵Ĺ¡
ĹҴһ
ⲻ𡣡
˵ţ𴽽ǣû뵽Լû츳ȴСǱҪоδţֻһۣɹˡ
ɱգ¡˵磬ֻǻø硣
ǱҪңһ֮ʱл
ƽӣû뵽ԼλôһԨԴ
˵꣬˫۾ͬʱƽ
ôģ
˶漫ˣôĵɹܣô䵽һġ
ƽ治ɫ΢Цɽʧܡ
ŶͬʱΪĻشЩʧ
ƽ룬ϱӵȷʵڶɽʧܣȻһûֻʡһЩؼϢƭˡ
˵䣬ƽ΢
оɳӿʼ̡
ɳ淢Լ𶯣ʲôӵص״ٶȷɿ죬˲Ϣʹܵǰ
ƽڵصףɢ
κʱͬʱ߸Ծ˶ʱɢ̤ڿС
ͬʱǸղվɳݳһ޴ӣԲʮɳȫȥ
ɳİݴһž޴ѪڳſŻζ
ʱ꾪ԪӤޣ
Ѫ֮УСɳ۶
ΰһ׹ΣȻ󣬳ΪһϸȣѪںݺȥֱӶѪŵͷϡ
ƽһӣȵĻɢɳ۶С澡վ
ѪڷʹİͶȻСڻɳзƬ̣¶ԭӡ
һһž޿ں;޴Դ֫ϸݶСͨںڣƤ൱Ӳࡣ
εİ׹βĺСҲڵϲʹķ
Ĺ򣬾޾Ѿ¡
ƽǵһμֵ⣬߽ʲô
ʱ꿿ԶһЩƺЩɵޣеֻѾԪӤʵǿ
ͨ
û˵꣬ԶһȺӰ
Ϊ̧֮൱
Ҫǿҵ
ƽĬĬƳΣĿơ
仰е찡
л˵


34 Ⱥ
߹, ΪһԪӤӣһۣǰһĺɫ¡
ƽʶǸʲô, ʱڿºЩ
΢΢˺һƽǹĴ֮һɲգĴ, Ӧɲĵ֧
ƽǹ.û, ֵ֧֧
̲סи˳һ䣬ٹ󣬶˼Щϰ, ǺõĲѧľհ
ǿҰƽʵҿܶ޶൱ҰģȺô£
ʱԳһ, ʵ˼ʱ̫Ұʵǿ, ɢ޻Ầ¡
ִĵ֧, ɲǲѰҰ, ʵǿҰǻ΢ɵЩãƾǵΪ, ܿεʵ𣿡
¶棬·Ұ, ҵ
, ǰǰ, ôƣըˡ
仰Ŷӣһա
ǰɣʱ˵仰ӣҲô
Цһˣɳ˵ģǣϻʲô
κͶԷŵĹƽоɳ
īɳ˸Ǻţֱӽɳʿīʮֲõ˵Ҫණ
ƽҡҡͷóһϸıУֱӻɳӲƤףʿˡ
ʱ۾ڶƽֱӰѡ˵ˡ
ⲻ
ƽ⣬һһűʼǡ
ȥЩ˼ޣֲͬ
ƽ޵һϵһڵƺûֶ߶ǻģ
ˣôء
ͷηĳЦǰɣһΪ߲ԪӤڣҰԪӤڵɳҪɡ
ָһɳеİ׹ɳɱģ
Էۼƽ˵ؽɳֱʿˣһ˳ʺΧ֮ƽƽ˰Χ
Ȼǲعأͱǲ
һְһö׹ΣҪ
붯֣ƽקסˡ
Ѿɳȫֽظɸɾоһ
λͷҴϰ
ƽҡҡͷӻֻ÷īջ˸Ȧ
ʱ䲻Щָо
޶ʮع۷Ϊÿ춼úúϧ
ƽû÷īʼմЩˮһ˦
ˮɢڿлޱȼϸ룬ûȺ޵
ƽɳķѵ壬Σ°͵˵㣬ʾʱϣԼһ㣬̼ѾɳĮһˡ
Ⱦ˵سɴǾ˵Ȼ֮ǰΪʲôҪͽ߹
Ľѹ˼ֻҪ𵤾շУ񾳱سɴ磬ڹҪβһ
ƽ֪Ϊʲô򲻹𣿡
ӦͻȻʲô
ҷ㶷һ⡣
νʲô⡣
ƽƳһۣϻ̫ࡣ
Σ
Բˣ˵ôʲôֱӴռȻ
ס˸֡ϻҪ٣Ҫݡ
ۿžȺѾڻɳһͷȫˣƽһɣεɳ
һɳ߶û˵ͼƽߵգĿһָڴߡ
ʶر죬ƽ
ûʵ൱Ұˡ


35 ȶ
, ߵɽȵɫ΢⣬ʰ»ɢģǻ, ʰ»ͻӻƳ
ƽһµĶɽۣ֮ܿʰ»ɽȵĵһǣɨһ۵˵ʰ»
ģƽ߳񣬵Ƴһֱۣ, ׾ҵġ
ƽһۿĪ
аˬ, ĵȻɱ
ҹ罥дʡ
ƽƬ̣, ˲ٶ֡
Ϸ, ѹ֡
ȻԷһ, ƽʶӦ֮, Ρ
ĿתȻǸϢ, һӦǷǸ϶һϷһ, һǻ񾳵Ұ
ǸŮ, һֻ鷳ú, Ĵ֮һֵ³Թ, ǧС
ƽбۿΣȻҲԹɡ
üëһƽЦתͷúúãҲ˵ˡ
£ûȵεһ仰ʾһأλ
£Ҳˣôûо
˵̷꣬Ӧˡ
޷֪Ǿ˵ԷΪҪ߹
˼ȥü˼ѵû
ƽ˭û
Ŀ¶ɵƽģ÷īԻ˸Ȧ˶Ȧ
һõĸֱӳ͡
㻹󷨣ǰǸʲôˡ
Ҳֻпһ£ƽû˵ȻҲ׷ʡ
ת֮У֮ĴҰУȻûĴǰţҲĸԺյĴڡ
˵ţ£˲ţС
˵꣬͵͵ƳƽڴĿޡ
Ȼʧط֣ƽһһûͣоǸɳʬ塣
һĵѵӺÿ
ߵ˵Ұ֮УʵǿĵݳС˾ΪѾδˣ˹ץǣ˺Ѷ
Ұл޷֪ǿڣӦþݳ
һǰʰ»ɽΧŵҰв٣⼸½½кܶҰ
ҹɽȸҰѾȫ޷ٵĵزֻ󣬸ȦأҰ
Ұ֮Ϊɵʽ˸ңһһǶй
ƽȺӳֵģȺ֮һݡ
۷׷ףƽк죬˿ûжȥЩ
ɳһƬƤף̲ܵżŨ
ƽ˫΢УʶֿÿƬɳʬ嶼һ˹޺˼
ͳһд¼¼
ޣڹò죬ϲɹꡣ
ͽڵе޲ͬڵɢĸ֡
λĩβƽմ˵ɫīˮȦע
ľѲϡ
Դһǧƽδ
һΪͷ޺ʵĲϣΪ۽ߡ
ϱͺһ֣޲ǾƷ
Σѵô˼ĲϣƽЩ¡
˵кܶ಻ͬࣿɳ𣿡
ΣȥˣϷɵˮεģɳģһ̲ġ
ô˵ƽʱڹЩڴ
ŨεȵûģֱϯضͳһöۣӵϣϢ׳
ƽˣ̷ɳʬ壬Ҳ
ʱһԽӻҲǳģȻ
˵¶һȻ¹ûģ
Ͳ֪˰ɣ֮в֪жٹޣڵһǺģԹ޾Ӷࡣ
ƽȻһǺʶɵ飬Ҳǹ޸ɵİɡ
ʱ⣬ʲôаɱ˵ʶ޷õʵΪҪɱ˵ʶ
˵꣬ʹУƳƽıʱ©һģЩõԤС
ƽסε֣ȴŲݿܵѹг΢Ц£ˡ
οſտҲģƲƲ죺Ȼʲô˻˵Ҳʲôϡһɹô쵽ϵġ
ƽûػһѳУգѵ
ɱֹ̫֮󣬾ź磬˼ͬڹ򣬿ԣҲԣ޷˼˺ŹͨȻˣ취ͨʾķʽϵѵĻҲԡ
εȻΪޣô֪ԼһʽϣҲһο塣
жʱûˣµϢ൱ӣƽÿٵţѰҺ¹γǡԼ΢ɽϴصϢ
شϢٿ֣ŰٹҹΣ¹γֱӱǡ
ļٵģֳˣ
ǳаأһûӳ£ֱ캦
ңܺǰ΢ɽϴĵڳУ˴󲿷ֵİգ˵ܻһ״ӡ
һ״Ӳˣµ˭
Ҳ˵ȷ٣жϰ˵ڿ˰λ
ɡɲд˵΢ԫԤԵĵ𣿵һ»ûȷ˾ûˣ
˼Ϊ˾¹γǵİģ¥עɡ
ȻˣǲǾ˵ʵǵǣ΢ԫûгӦԤԵ飬ǲ֪䣬ҲûзӦ
ǰɣܻûзӦҸоܶˡǼܵ¹γС£ֱźͳϸϵӲǰ˴˲˳ߣ΢ǰȥһ¹γǣҲûа˴Ҳ˶ûˡ
ƽ治ɫؿһƲԼǲ˵ӣһȺ˱ȥʱŷ
ԭֻȷһͬǵ׼˳ʱȴ⼸סˡ
ûеõӦĵʮ죬ʲôʱְ
ۺͷһʱ䡣
˵򵽵ʲôݣΪôûģÿγ̵ֺܶʱ䣬Ȼߣ񱻷Լټһ
ҲĳԸǲ͸¶ݵĴܡ
һΪʢǧ̸λŵĴܶʾμˣ㷴Ӧѵǣ
ƽɨĳЩϢ˳ЩؼϢҵӡ
³ţʴڣǧ̸ᣬһۡ
ƽĿ϶ؿһѰһЩϢȷǧ̸Ǻ
һȵʢᣬ൱һʴõļзŴ棬̸ٿʱ֮УһһԿɷ̸ֱ⡣
̸ᣬ۵ҲǴ
ʴո¶ͷǵģȴһεǧ̸г
Ϊһ̸Ŀף֯һε̸ᣬĵһ˾
κδ¹ȥˣƾʧһ㣬޻Ӧ
ƽô൱Ȥ˳ǰУ֣صطһ仰
ɢ

ȥ֮ûٹԼٴĲأߡ

ɲ
ԭǰٹݷʱ䡣
бİƳţһȺɲյĹޱͽС
ĳϽߵһصľš
Ƭ̣һ˫ѾٵԲҩͯ̽ԴѾˣҽʦҪϢˣǶأ
ϳüӼ£Ǽҵĸ߶Ŵҽʦʵû취š
Բҩͯ˵ЩʲôԺﴫһ嵭Ů
Сǽ
Сӣ߶һ䡰ѾüûϢˡٿŷȺڡ
ؿűͽȺޣʹðֹһƺûʲôƣһ޶˰ĸо
ɲĳ϶СڨЦ£͵ǼүǰڳⲶ׽ɳ˰֣˿ֲأʱû̫⣬û뵽ʱԽãоԽۡ
ָڵʹŤɲүͼӹޣ۵ѾҲҽʦˣ˵үϸûκƣҲжǱҩĺۼүۣûԭۡ
ⷬڶСͣʵ˵ڵĴҽʦ
Ƭ̺Ŷ
£˸»⣬ֻҪڹһϣûй޲֪ҽʦ˭ġ
һΪ˶óԴҽʦ
һ棬ҲΪҽʦҽƳ뻯
еĴҽʦֻ˼ʱѧҽҽ.ȴβ˻ǣȫǻǵĹ֮У𵽵ò
Ҳ͵¹ҽʦȱ
żǿЩĹޣƾžƣĹ˾ֻԼţĹȥþȥֻ
ҽʦͬƻǡ
ɲ峤϶λеĴҽʦ˺ܾãҽʦûǣƢҲŵúܣҲֻţĺܽɫ˭ҵ
ϰ͵Ƴȥһۣûֱӣֱ͵顣
͵Ƴһۺȴסˡ
ŶˣȫһɫУɴֱӶסˣȫֻ¶һ˫γ۾
ճЩ΢磬ҽʦĶ񴵵΢š
аԾ̾ҽʦҲ̫Щһö˸оƺûʲôǷ΢һ㣬ֱӰѴҽʦܡ
ҽʦƳһۣϰ첻ʲôܺÿ
Ϻһεؿ˼˵һߣĵҽʦһ˫۾ᣬһſ˵Լ͸¶һֲͷرУ˲ҿ
Сʮذӷǰҽʦȥ
ȻСߵԼүǰ̽⡢ⲻҴҽʦ𣿡
û뵽ҽʦ﷽ʽر
СｫʹòеĹ޲ŷŵϣԼ̽һ˵㱨ҽʦٽŲҽʦǰҽʦɫ
һԣֻܿȫɫеĴҽʦֻ۾˶һ˫ֻпȥ˫۹۲һԸ⿪죬¶ؿڣҩؿϡ
СʵҳһСҩƿеҩҺ㵹ɲүϡ
һ۾ԼүԭһƬؿϳԲ㡣
ԲСһ״ҲǺܹ򣬹⿴״ˮϣˮۡ
Ͼ㵵ʲô֮ǰҽʦʱû
ҽʦش𣬶ˮۿƬ̣¶һ΢Цݡ
ǶҲҩδɢķ⡣
ҽʦ۵׸һĨЦ⣬δɱ⣬Ҳ޺ֻǻ۶ѣ̣Ҳˣ̲ˡ
ҽʦҲЩŹ֣ͰȫˣڳʮȦȻųˡ
ɵˣ۵үҲɵˣ·
ҽʦһʮֲͷ⣬Ǹ·޷ɢ㻹ǻȥ
ϼɬûбİ취ˣ
ҽʦֱӵΨд˷
ɲλСү߿վֱ۵Ť
ʹ˵Ժδɢ˸޷ܡ
үӲô˵飬ǲģ
Ŷҽʦ̧ŵķ˵㣬׳ȥ˵ɣռλãǿˡ
Ц£Լү⼸̴һ뿪·ϻʱʱүʹ
߳ԶɫЩѿһʲôҽʦôûҽʦ
СԺСͬһߵţ̬ȣ˵Ͳøǿ
ҽʦƵ߻ط䣬Դ˸Ƿܹ˼ҸĿǰûҪɲ˺ҲС
Сҽʦҷ⼸Ƣǰöˡ
𣿡
ǰߵţɻˣֱһŰ߳ˣһ䲻ء
ҽʦ̾˿ҲǣƢǱǰ˲١
˵ɫЩ޶ߣӲǱĥӵġ
СЦӯӯҽʦ޶¶һֻҪͷļңǰЩӺ޳Ϣ˵ΪһǳʵǣҪΪ.
ҽʦ˳ǣ۵ȴЦ⣬ֻ͸¶һɾƣ
Ÿߣٸɴ£ҲҪ
Сﰵ֮࣬УҲֻдҽʦô˵ˡ
Сߺ󣬴ҽʦղɲүؿڿˮۣЩ
öķ⣬þ׼ʡ
Ѿнǧûٿķˡ
ʲôʱһɫ

ʰ»ɽȣԽٽʱڣغһԵҰ
νбᣬ½ö׹Ƿβ뷢Уڻ񾳵ѹ֡
ɽΧŨҵѹá
ۼŰ罫ţҹ١
һӰ˽ֲµķΧ
λҹ۽յ࣬ضΪ
˵ֱԵײţöڱصõģλҪǾºˡ
ǰ˵ģҰʵΪǿĸ֮һ
ԣЦһϹ㵹Ǻš
Ƭ̣һͷһŮλ˹ٲ˵ԵĻˡ
Ұͬʱʰ»ɽȽŵķΧһʡ
ڣҹĻɫ
ʮʰ»¹ҫ£ΡΡӭ翪š
¶˲䡣
ʱȺܡ
˷Ϯͬʱʰ»ɽȡ
ȥȴƽק¡
ػͷȴƽ𼤶


36 
Щ, ͣüʲô
ǳɫʰ»ʮ, »䡣ֻ˲䣬ѹʧһ룬Ѿ˹С
ʰ»ɽȼҪʮʰ»ҵΨһһö飬Ұȡ
ηųʶϸ̽ȥ, ̽һҲûʲô
ܿԽԽҰ, ʼʰ»Űˡ
ƽεļֵ֮Ұһȥ
ôҲĴҰ֮һˣ΢עв, 㿴ĸһһҪȥġ
ƽ˵ţʶܵĲԡ
һ鷳Ĵһ, һȺ
οһһʰ»ժ, ±治, ҲЩˡ
̲סʲô
δ䣬дһ, ǼΪӴѹȻ֡
˲䣬ԭʰ»ɽȣرһ˿Ѻۡ
Ѻۺܿ󣬴ӽһ߿ųһʮ׵ĿɲѺۡ
ӵѴһϸĽ֫
ͫ͵һ
֫ʮ׳, Ӹߴȥܿ渲ǺͰɫӲƤ׺۷, 絶, иƵĺɫë, ĳĳȡ
ޡ૵
εޡ
һٶݣرٶֻ̽ɺĸۣϸܵżݵ̴ʮҰĺֱ̳븹
ʱңεޣѾδֹ߽׵ˡ
Ȼ֣ڹеҰ
ڳǸȷǲݳҰ⣬ҰûһΪ߹ֻңŵɢȥ
ƽû̫ȡ
˼伸еؾػޣеĵرΧҲ̾ᡣ
Ȼž޴Σա
ƽעŹеûꡣ
·Ӧ֤Ļһ㣬Ȼ罥һɺ֪ӺδɽȫΧ
ҰǻΪֻͨĹƬŷ֣һȺϸܵСӣÿֻֻϸݣֻһֻ޷ֱ棬һȺСӻ۵ĵһ𣬾ͻ̻ɲɱ֣ոҰ
Ȼɢͬ˽һźɫ
һһУٴոһҰ
ξϣλôôµޣǰ
ȻʵǿģѲġ
ֻҪһǿҰҲᱻɻɵһɶ
ƫƫһֻϵıʵ̫С޷壬޴ӻ֡
߹꣬ҪȺҰԸʲôǾԾǶϡ
ȺɹеҰӲɢֱɽ֮⣬ƽǵķ
æ֧ϣͬʱⲻɽֵҰҲ׷ϡ
ƽε죬ֱֽһӣԼץʱŲ̤˦
⧲ر˳ȥЩŵأæվˣԶһЦŮ𣺡Σ²˲
κ޺תͷҧгݵϴεһû㡣
ƮƮӹͷЦѽҺ£㻹ȽԼǰ鷳˵ɡ
ͬʱһϢӹζûͷ֪ǷǸͷӡ
һʱ䣬ѪȾʰ»ɽȡ
ʰ»أʢţӳĹǺΪ
ԭȺΪ˻Ұ׺ŷ׷ɢ룬񳱣׷״ڳԶֱѶԶԶ˦󣬴һ·ɳĮɳ֮Уͣ½Ų
ͷҹ
ȥɳ֮ڹ˰ȫĵط֮ǰαװãڰҰ¶ݡ
ٴ
ƽİԼ󣬲źۼش̽ǰᵽĴҰ
ǸŮӣ˷ӯȴ˸ϸɿشڼͷһ˫̵ĺ۹ǣ߼ɣ·ʲôĹȥ
һͷϢȣһİƣǸӲӣӦþοеķס
۷һζһʱ䲻㾹Ȼ¿ζǽ˾ء
۲תƽʱɨ
һԪӤһϢޣֻӣҲεͬ顣
Цôڻ磬ϲѿˡ
񿿽ЩϢƽļͷϸλõ꿴ȥζء
ƽĿӣܴ۵͸¶̰ġʳ
ȻҰϰԾˣʲô˶һ̡
μ״ĪЩϲ
Լ˺ڵһ顣
Ȼ󡭡ھͱڸƽ򹤡
۷бֻصȺƽһҲһ١
û뵽ƽʳɪ˼СŲµСһ
ڴֺ£ͷʱ¶Ĳ·ȫ˳ӣֻ־ܽȫƿԼС
ƽץε·δ˵ʱҵģ𡣡
ɵˡ
ЩԼǲεʱ򣬸ܵ˱󱻺ݺšһ£۵һ飬ܵĹâƽ۵׻
ζʱˡ
ʮϵؿʼݣ§ƽȫԼ¶غʳﱻռҰһüŵζŵҹôĽ
ź촽Ц˿ĸҰ
Ц˵üȻѾ˱ǣǾ𡣡
Ұ֮У˵Ǵ
ԶÿİԽ棬֮УӦûܽҵİɣ
Ȼˣ׵ȺҺͶϣһ顣ʱ˭ҵ飬ȫԼı£Σ
Цһô˵ˣȻû
ƽ§ڻУͷǰһ¡
ηӦǳ죬ͷԡ
ƶһ򵥵ļƻ۷۷;УƽĩβεʵҪʲô
ƽԼǰӣṴͷ࣬˳ëƵ˵Ҫޡ
βЩӵʲôã㵱
ƽ˸ָڴǰ˫΢䡣
˵˵
η߷תͷˡ
˼˲䣬ξ̲סˣѵҪС˵Ų˵ʵĺڵúܣֵҲ
ƽüƵЦǲã
£ƽ˼
£ûסŬѹǵЦݣñ鶼ЩŤ
ƽͷ۵ӦңֻҪһ¾ˡ
ʲô
ƽ¶ϧݴ㡣
ᡣ
ĵʰ»ɽȣһƬ״
ܼʱҺͶϿӳҰʵǿӦܿģвٶ˹С
£е۷ģǶԼʵĵġ
ƽϢĿʰ»ɽȣԶܿԼĺɽȣڱ»ԣ㵹ĺѹڻ֮ϡ
ʱüϣʰ»޷ܵ¹䣬ֹͣˣҪȺ𣬻֡
꣬ۼɽΧҰ¶
ƽŶϣȺҪ𣿡
ʱ侲𹥣޼»𡣡
ƽͳīɿػ˼ŷΣ㣬ҪúøŶ
εĲ㶯֣ǿεޣڳ㣬ûܶԸ
ڳʣһΪҰ֪ǲݳҲڰδ¶档
ƽЦеⲻǳΣС
Ŀ¶ɣʲôð
ƽٶεķζȴЩʶ̧ͷײƽİ۵ס
ƽζߣң𣿡
أĴ˸ս
ǰˡ񲢲ֳôƢ
ԻƬ̣սʽ̤ɽȺ졣
۶ɢǵϮҰжȫͷƤ
ᣬ׳һĹɢȺײȫΪɻҡ
ؽҧȫĻʩչŹ
һ̫Ļ޷֧̫ãеĶȴ·޾֮ߡ
ʮָȻһİĺڶڶǿҵһཫڶ֮С
λδӦƽһƽɽȣͳǧĶȺ˸档
һһŭƽˣ°׹Σպݺݻ׹λͬһɫơ
ǰֻһʿսḻޣڶⷽҪԵɬֻ࣬ýսԴԴɧŵĶϣоơ
ʶػͷȴƽѾʧԭء
һȺ鷳ĶϽһҰͷȫҲ˲ϵǻ᲻Ǳˡ
һҰﶼܽϣ˭Ҳ޷õ顣
޾غɫ֯һӿ£ۼҪһȺҰȫ
ؼʱ̣뵽˸ղƽǾ仰
ΣС
һָһöܵ߶
˲䣬ŷӵײȼĵɫ
β֪ɫ׷۵£ֵܻȼķޣһֻ־
ȵϢ˲׾㵻ŵУ˭ʩչΪɲĻ档
һŨīͻȻ̶֣ŨΪٿȻɢδ֣Ȼڵ¶Ѿٶ϶ճɻҽ
ɫȻ£֮Եģһīɫ˴Ȼ
һȼղֹīɫ棬ҹ޷磬ȴܿһīɫ治ϵӭս衣
īɫȻɢһȺҰ̶ֱϣӭ֯ɵĺɫѵĽ
īȾء
նȺ塣
۾ŷԼгȼֻЩҺؽ֡
ܵ˷ĿⶼͷԭΪ൱Ұоǲ˼ļɵ
޷ţʲôʱôǿˣ
ŷӦΪθղƽҪ˵仰
ݴ㡣
ʱƽҰעʱֻʰ»ɽ
һһȪֻΨֱ֮ҾͺС
ٿȻбҹѹ롣
Ҹܵ춯˫Ȼڿջһ˫ڹɨƬ̣׼˲Զƽ
ƽǰңɫǿ󡣡

пһƽĿƣ˸ղҲĹȪ
ҲʢŲʰ»˿ǰ뿪ģ
ƽע˫Ƭ̣īУûóֱֽջһīߡ
īʺ󣬷һҷȥ
޴ڿն˫ᶶ۷۷׷£µ˲γС͵ңҰɺ츴СӷХسƽ
ʷڷֽīһȼŵĻڷֽϻ͡
Ҽ糤Ŀ͸ƽؿʱƽŷȼ
˺һͬīɫ档
СҶճɻҽ
֡
޴޼״ʱŭ˫絶ֱƽն£Ʋɵ
ɽһնƽоԼվ֮ضڿѡ
һ㣬ī磬ٶȷɿ죬ٶȻһŷ
״̬֮£Ϊص۷壬ƽѵ˳죬.Ϊƣ޼ɵóԼóķ
ɽǧ֮ɲжй޾̧ͷ
ڱ¹ĺɢ»ɽʮʰ»ϣĻڳţ¶һ档
Ҽ˻ͬӰ
¶һĨЦݣ絶ֽϣķѷγһīɫֱն¡
ս֡˪
նصǣֱն롣
ƽձʣǰ˸ָ
ȻСҵʬֽɰС飬С
ƽЩ״ɲʬ飬ͬʲôһ㣬˼Ѿʼ͡
ͬʱҵѹѾϵҰˡ
ƽժ˺һֱµǶʰ»
ɫСޱȣĻ꣬¶һ̲⻪ɫ顣
󣬻ս
ˮڵİɫ̣ƽоĳͻ䡣
˿̣ƺվˮУվڵֻѪ֣ץסĽţҪһͬקѪС
ƽĮȻؿһۣˮƽҰ
ع⳾ĻԶˡ
ޱ߿קסѪ֣˲ƿþ
ٶӳһ
䵽棬һжյøɸɾͬһƬ𺣡
ī죬Ұǲȴһīɫӻмӳͬʱסκʱ̶һ֮С
һ·񱼶ŭΣģ
˶ƽժǿŲлʰ»
û˻ΪոСôӣ˶ΪǱָʹġ
СߣһԴڻһ˶Ըʱ͵ȡ飬Σԭڴ⣬ãõúܰ
αקŽ𺣣ȴоīû˺ֻϷ
֮⣬׺ŭ
ȻţԭҾȻô
̣ƽתīűɽݺն£ɽȻ
˾ǰδ֪ʰ»ɽһܵɽ֪ͨδ
ƽ߬Ż飬κʱҰһԵسɽ֮Уʯ¡شɽ׹¡
ƽ֮ͣӳһ̣Ϲ⻪תɽڴ׽ɽڶ
αһϵˮĲ𺳵˵
㿴ƽһɫĻ顣

ɽ֮⣬Ұ뷽跨
治֪ʲôסˣǴȥġ
ĿȻȥΣǴȥͽ̷ˡ
ĿݣûϵҪһµʱ䣬ղҲˣɽûһڣǰԼˡ
ҧгݵҾͲţһµʱ䣬Ǵȥ
˵ţӳһŹڱɽϣûκηӦ
Цһֱϯضʼָղŵġ
΢ƽǺʱҿ˭ĵ𡣡
ǧҰ׷Ӧֱʰ»ɽÿռһ
ʱһȥɽʼûзӦȺҰĽڻš
һ»ʱüܵ˼ȫҰϢ
Ⱥ˹⿴ѹ֪൱ǿ󣬲ѰޣӦĴµˡ
Ⱥ޺ҰˮˮҰ飬Ⱥʲô
һɲգһ޳ĵۣһĴ֮Уɲͺ޳µĹޣˣŶԪӤϵĺ֣֮˶ǻ񾳣ͷ޼
׺񽻻һ񣬵ӭȥ
ʹǰ֪кιɣ
޳ӣƳ˷һۣ޳鰸޹˵˱ܡ
Щ⣬Ҳ֪޳ڱǰΪҰĻ飬Ϊһ¡
һͷġ
ͷӻ֪ʹ£ҵܷæ
޳ǰЩӣһ.δ꣬Ѿ֤˻ͻ켣Ұ֮С
ҰĪ顣
пҵǸꡣ


37 
⡭ǻ飿
ζƽĵĻ, ²ÿܸ̲ܵڻӴĻ
ҪǷ飬ٿСɡ
Ұʵ̫, ĽͬҪΪֻܿɣҲҰ֮Ϊȫ໥εľ档
Ͼ, Ұ, ҰѰޣʳ
ö֮ﻹαˡ
Ϊؿۻ, ŤͷһԶ£ʹȥɣõġ
ƽ, û˵, ξȵȰ, ȻûʲôޣҲȷʵҪ, ǺôʶһҲġǧհҺ֮ǰ
ƽ
ʱεù𣿡
£ˣ˵
ƽҡͷ, Ц£ûм, ǵһŷ, ɽ, ɽʯ£Ż⿪ʼϸϸоö
Ĳ̫һ⻬бӲָֻⴥȥҲܸܵԵĻӿ
ƽûмö飬ٶʣд±ʼǡ
飬ɫϣʰ»о۹ȻɱҰΪ
ƽü˼죬ʼϣþδһʡ
īЩͷʼë˸ƽ
ƽл˼֮ɫûǷͳһϵеĹߡ
ʱ֮һֻʦܿ׹רƷõĶ
ƽˮ֮Уϸϸ鿴߿ǽֻлûκʣĳּ׿ǡ
˵׿ǶʱƽסˣãŻ
һͷ߬ʱ꣬ŵʵڸǵʱ䲻࣬Ⱥһ϶ţ취ء
ʱʵҲ£ε֣οӦԼĿȱš
αߵ:ǽţҿƲסԼǿǻ鰡
ʱĿ¶ͬ飺û£һĿƲסȥǱһٶѣ㿸ס
Σ
ͷԼֻʱļϣʱĺϻһɫӡʱµıǡ
ǣʹʱҰҪʱ꣬Ƕεơ
ʱҲû뵽Լܺʱһദõıɡ
δĬһ
ӣƺʼʧȥˡ
һʱʱ̿ΣеҰԣⲻһ¡
꣬ƽͻȻ˵ʱǬλλеϾʱǴġҽ֮ǰһҪغ󷨡
κʱƬ̣Ȼ֪ƽҪʲôƽ˵ĵطվ
ֵĲ飿Ļǲǿԡ
û˵꣬ƽƳһۡ
㬱죺ˣ֪ûҵķݡ
û뵽ƽһͻȻЦ£Ҳһء
סˣʲô˼
ƽ˸ָڴǰصи˼뷨Ҫһԡ
ȡǰ޵ʬƬ
ζ벻ͨΪʲôһʵģôãЩ޴ʬʱҶţƵС
ţɽٶȼһػ档
һػ治ͬκһƽʹõĻ档
һ֣ʹżµǣ˶оĿһͣ·걻ڻһ
ξ㵵ؿһسɫĻ棬૵ʲô
ʱ˼ŲκһֹҲµûǰ𡣡
УЩ츳ʿЯˮ׶Щͨǳǿ󣬷ѰܵС
ƽרעؿĻ档
ͬΪлаҲС
ֻߵ.ȱİ쳣ͣá
ھͲҪй˼ɡ
˴ͬû¯ƽû뵽ԼһһҲó
ʱ꿴ƽĶ˼ӣ
üЩ˵ĳӣʲô
û˻شƽѾȫУĿרעͺȫֻʣ֮

ɽ⣬Щš
Ŀ䣬޳ͷ˼ʹ˼Ҫ֮ǷĴڣ
飬ɾͲǼ򵥵̽顣
ÿ˵һӡǣ.ϵı־
Ҫһǲ꣬ǾҪȺ׶Ұ޷س꣬޳顣
ҰǶԣ졣
Ŀ⼫ĮӷһɨΣ
ɲһͷҶ״æԲڲڣɲһоЩ¶Ҫչ¶ӡǣֻҪʯͷͷųͿǷꡣ
ô˵һȺҰɫźÿЩ
ˣ˸ղŲĶԻҰȻԸļ顣
һԲŪָףϸ˼ҵԸΪҰΪԸܵԸλɹԼǹ񵹺ã鵽ͷϣȻҵȲܹҰ֤ף񲻿Ц
䵭ضճȭȥȺҰ޲ýնɱڵ
żƬ̣Цλ޳˿ƺҰĪѱҰɹ
˵ɫֳ˼֣ɱ޷ڡ
Ҷͷ۵ţΪξùҪͷ¿һһ⣬ûɲ˵ָҪȺ׺ҰǴ
æǰλϢŭҵȲ޶⡣Ĵ͸λҰˮˮҲദǢҵ಻Ҫֺг档
κʵڲɣһҪҵġ
Ҷ˵ţͣ£ʾ»˵ˣ겻ҡλҲͱΪУ԰ɡ
ɫѿ˼֡
ǰޣһԪӤ۷壬һ񾳡
ֻˣڳôҰڣа취סǡ
Ƿ֮ǰҰȷʵúúõһ
Ͼλ£ǹе졣
״׵˵̬лͣҶֵµҲôӣǰòŻģλԺյҰͲüˣҪһЩϸ½ס
֪ҿɷ»ꣿ
һȺҰ
»𣿡
ûʲôӡˣ֪𣿡
˽ţͻȻ˸£˼Ұһ
򱻷ɽڣ治һ𡣡
ôһ˵ҰǲŷӦ
԰Ǹжȡ˻ģǸ
ԣҶһۡ
ǰһÿ
İĻ͵ײɽڵķӡϣ󱻷ӡȻ⣬һۼ
šüͷ󷨣һ©ҲûС
Ҷüԣ
Ƴһۣóλá
Ҷ˸ָгһǹ
ǹâɫ͵شӡƿһ赲ǡ
Ȼ󡭡Ǻ޷Ӧ
üͷ£ĸоҰ򵥡
һҰϢȴţƳ
ĵмҶ˻ˣԼĿȴﵽˣ˼Ȼɲ⡣
Ʋͷ޳ԸȥҸʦ

ɲ
صСԺԺվŵȴ൱ۡ
Ҵ䣬һϯɫۣȲ
˿վԺ⣬ȥЩԥԥҪҪȥ
ǾҪһֵӡ
û֪ǹΨһԺյĹߡ
Ժվ˺ܾã̧ľãƬָ̺£Ժת
һ̧֣ҪߵԺʱԺȴԼˡ
С﹧ҽʦ˵ͷɹȱ衣
治ɫ̧ڣ˼󣬳ԭɡ
СһæˡС޻ѱ
ĮȻ䵭ɨССŵһɪֻһ岻ѡ
Żҵ̴ӣʹҵĵطȥ
ԺڴһǣСˮ֮С
ֱ뿪С˺ܾòŻԺ̱ڴ
΢޶˸еһ˿ȡ
ҽʦͥǰɹ̫
űſһֻèɹ̫ڴҽʦű˸һ˫̵èֱؿųߡ
չбϣᡣ
վͥǰע
޶ϲչ⣬ҹǹĹжʱ䡣
һѾڹôãǸĲǰʱϰߡ
ϲĹů
ҽʦȻһŹֵɫ۽ȫֻ¶һ˫ۡ
ˣͷҲ̧ϣĵʲô
߻ǰǰ£ע۾
ɱЩ㲻Ըǣ㣬ֻԼ㡣
ҽʦƳһۣɫ۶˶˾ƮƮն˷䡣
ֱ˵
ҽʦ㲻úãЩͷ
߲⣬֪ʲôƢѾ˲ˡ
ǼĻ˵ó
ǰָһһȻڲ֮ϡ
ҽʦüͷɴ֣ƲͷȥԸ࿴ᷳ˵ˣҲҪ˵.
߰Ավţ˸һҽʦôһѵȥЩί
ûӹҽʦܾĻ磬ԹԵЩ˼ѲιٴΣĿǰҵʺһ.ȻģţҪĻȥҡ
ҽʦ˱۾ߣǲԶ˵ʲô
ߴƬ̲ŵö
ɲؿ
Ҫһ.ڵ״Ѿ֧Ų˶ˡ
ĬĬ壬⣬Ǹʹ
֣ҽʦü΢
֪ΪΣɺ˱ʮֱִˣϸ˺ۡߵ֪ģɺ˱ˣٿɺˣȻҲᱻɶϣ.Ǳõķʽ
ǱʹֻĳЩ䣬ҽʦĿԶ˵ţΣҲñ˵.оЩ񽵿к𡣡
ǿ뿴ɺ˱ϸʲôӣûвȵء
ڲǰվ󣬴ҽʦһ.ϸȴڿ.պĳֻһ˿
ȻƬ̣ҽʦ¶һԳЦݡ
֪ǼһѾòʬ޴棬ĻỳɣǰǲǼһﲻ֪ʱ͵͵µ˽ӡ
񰡡
ͷһţҽʦųʶһ顣
ȻٵĳЩҲȫûϣ
ֻϧ
ҽʦɫЩ
ֻϧܹ޸ϸѾ٣䣬´ıˡ

ʰ»ɽڣƽµѾһȺҰס˰¡
ҵʦʱǿҵ˼·
ʦǺ£ĿƵĻ·ʼƽӡ
õüΪҴǰδʶ󷨣δκεͼУѵԴģ
ͷٷϻ
ʦ߶ƽ󷨵ƻ·ʼ⹹
Ƶ֮һʱɽĹɽдһ졣
Ҷһɶˡ
ɽУκʱҲܵ춯
˽ؿƽʱƽ˫ĿգѾȫʶУлδϾƺʲôڻΡ
νʲôǵڲɡ
˵ͬʱƽȻ۾ĳɫ⣬ƺվһа֮
еβɺ˼ܿʡ
λû˵ȴƽɫû˿ɣˮл泹ʢţһʱ䣬춯ҡߺէ֣Ļ
ĿһĻĹǷ׷Ϣ죬̾
⡭ʲôĵر𣿡
ųãӦòʱô̵ʱµ챦ɡ
ʰ»ɽУʦ󶯾ôֲЩһͷڿն
˲䣬Ұ͹޾ڿգ޷նеĵͽ׹ҲٶȷӴ뿪
Ķ˶
׳ѲɣôͰѻˣ
ʲôʱôĶ챦ˣ澿ʲô
ɽУƽϢƽ
üģоһ˿ƣ
λڷһʵʱƽͳһֱûĻа˲ա
ӯĻղŵĿȱ
ƽһĵĺȹ
һʣ㵽ʲôղˣҪô죿Ҳ̫˰ɣ˵Ҳһ£Ȼһ˲ˣûˡ
һ仰˵ĺᣬƽˡ
¶һ˿Ц⣬̯ơ
ʱεͷȥһϡ
ãβŲŵղţİǿŻˣ԰ɣ
ƽЦеͷ԰
ʱָöԲɫԲȥͻһ޶Ķʵʲô
ƽƵ֮ǰڿǣ֮ĵһʲôã޺ͻⲻ뷨𡣡
ΰû˵˺ܾãڱһ䣺㡭㵽ʲôﰡ
ֵڹصȻҲΪơ
ƽڵκﶼģͺ޺ͻ顣
˼䶼ûеĶǰޣͺȻϣȫоĻɣʣڵһȫ.֮УӲǿΪ塣
ػ飬֮飬ұ룬ܲƻء
ƽЦ£ʵ֤ҳɹˡ
κʱĿɿڴȻһ仰ûǾƽ̫ˡ
öеöӸǣԸһ䣺պãȱá
ƽһö飬ָɽķӡ㡣
˸£Խ⡣
ƽڱ֣ǰվƽǰٴγ䵱˶ԵĽɫ
һҰȫϢ㵵ؿѾӡ˰£ް취ɽӡͻȻԼˡ
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38 ȫץ
˴, ڵü⡣
ƽԡ£ʵۡ
ǳ֣Цһ˴, ڿϳˣζΣ
⻰ʱ˵ġ
ЦһõúܣҪҪУͷӡ
ƽαֻ¶, κһҰ, ܵһ˿Ծ
ȥȻȺԵΣƽԸо, д󲿷ֵ߶۽ϡ
ʱҲܵˡ
ʱһȺˣĴµʹ, Ŀ㡣
Ĵ
ƽ˼ȥ, ԼʱûֱӺ͹ԼĴ, ЩӦþֻһԭˡ
Ŀһ, ȴӻתԼ
ʹǸҰе, ǰǴδҲаѿȴɵϰ, ˿, ȷʵЩɡ
󻺲ǰ, Ŀ䣬ʯݵƽǰѹ
һ£ע
ƽϸ΢бǲǱҪѰҵꡣ
ƽƬ̣Ц£׵
Ҳ֪ΪΣƽڱ飬ȴš
οƽĲĵòɡ
Դֺ߾£Ǹ꣬ȷʵûĻƺͦ
ɹĴܣô
Źģ׹Ѿ
ҲԼˣƽ꣬ƽǰץߡ
һʱ䣬Ϊš
ҶϻģԼµûҴ
˰֣ʾԼɲǰ׼ץˡ
ƽֿʯ
ָᴥ
ҧأ߱ʱҲ©һġ
ɫĻעУʯơ
ҶĹѾΧ
Ƭ̺ʯûκηӦ
üͷɵؿƽ
һΡ
ƽ̧¶һ޺Цݣá
һԣοֱ飬Ƥһ
ٴ飬ʯͷûзӦȥҰûκ
˿
ûȣͿƽظ˸ƣ
ٶȽ
⣿
ջʯЩʹһۣڿɫ·ˡ
鷳ˡҶüģûɾ鷳ˡ
ʱҰоһ˿Ծ
ͼһ䣬΢̧Ĺ޽յָΧٵؽ󣬽ҰǰΧ
ҶĶɲ޳ľޣûҰڶ࣬ʤΪߡ
ȻӲ
ƴɱлҰǷӦǳѸ٣İĻγһԼıϣ͹޷ͥ
Ҷڼߣѹͷ۵ץʱɲճ
ƳһۣĮȻ뾡ҵǸ꣬κֶζԣʯһ׼ȷȥ顣
ʹʲôѾ֤ʵˣûйʹҪҵꡣ
ںڵĮȻƳ𣬵䣬Ĺǵõָһ󷨿
ûü֣ͼһīէ֣ȻΪī档
ҰϳһУ㶵ؿΣһǣô໰ʲôܰ
䣬һȺǧҰīɫ𺣵£˹޵İΧһԵȥ
ǧҰӰưΧ󣬾ֱȥ뾡뿪ʰ»ɽȣȺȻѵĹԽԶԽá
ճ嵽񷶥뿪ɽǣܵҵǵص£һȺǰҰס
ûбʽϵĹޣνΨֱ֮
¶֣۷ҲһȺ۷Ĺ޾ֱײ˲ɢ
ǲ

һҰǷ׷׾š
£ûٻɹҪҵľġ
ǹĴɱѰ޺ҰΨѾеɹ龳ĹܹʹãǼȻǹ⡣
׾ţңô꣬ʼպĴͥ񣬾ˣЩӵǰᶼǹƽǵð
һƽĴҰһ˶
ĳһ˿׺ݣȼĹ𣬽ԼȫסȥͬһȼŵĻˣһȥ
ڶġ
ףֻƳɣϸ֯˼Էͬʵ壬ϸݵȷȷʵʵŵļ϶Ƶײȥ
ഥҵž
۵ȫŤ˼£ڰӶһ˿ϲ
̼䣬һֻɫƣգ޹⡣
ѹ£׽סһֻСһ׽ס˷ףĵɽһӣǰ׵Ŭȫ׷ˡ
ҰĬһ˲ڵϺݺ˸ͷŭݳͽ
УһİӰ֡
ֽһȦ۵ڣ˫ɫȥڳκһҰҪ
һ˫䵭񣬿кɫٶһӣײͼಫҰɨֱִΡڿУǺɫָɽѹҰö
ǰƽоҰΪߵһˡ
ݳĴҰ֮ףξҰ˵ݳƺ˹ץУӴټ
û뵽Ȼ
ƺѾıҰݡ
㡢ˣɣѡǣΪܱ˿ƵĹޣ
ݳ𣬺ɫ£ҪҰһץ顣
ͻȻһն͸ɫơ
Ʊһ˲ݳĿľȻڵ棬ĳ
ƽָⲢ£Ųͬķָ⣬ͬʱȼ
ɫɫīɫݺն£˪ɫɽиǳ˪ͽ֮С
˪īɫһΪǧɽɳ۶ӷɺ裬봩͸ɫơ
ڳ⣬ݳüͷ΢£βۿƽ
ûüһŷ֡
ƽһڹŷҹŴʱŷЧһ㣬˷ڹ֣Ⱥ˱ܡ
ƽĳֻ׹⽻֯˷ӹɽȣ絶û׹ž졣
ƣѹڹһƬȻ֮ɫ
⡢ʲô
ףôܻף
Ӱ
ǧ޲ȻӴܣ׹죬˺أЮؼȻն¡
˲˺˼
༤أһɽХ֮ơ
д޶˹ȥ
ѿһ޴Ļڣγûǵܰܣ
·ޣһ˿дҰ˲úⲻ֪Ӻζףƴ壬±׹ⴥ궼˲٣Ҳûз
ƽǰͷǧҰɱȥ
ڰջۼһȺ޳ϣӵǰִץƽҡҡͷ̾һִš
ȻִīһӣīɫȻڱӵҰγһȴīɫɽ
ɽȻΡ룬ǧ
֡ɽ
ƽЦһī˵ڿж趯˼ʣıʼʶƵƽӡ
īҲܸ˶Բԡ
ִõķʣͨķǧַȴޣвò
ѵһΣܺ޹˼ɵس컭Լ뻭ķȥӦԵˡ
βʹ죡
һȺӳҰ״޲иЦģãɵƯ
ɹ龳ĲɽʱĲɽȫһġ
εīɫɽ׷Ĺסãȫ㹻Ұǳӳ졣
ǧҰȺӵնУڹһ¡
շɹʱڰվӰõϵĹ޷׷̧ͷ
ȷȫˣǵٶȲŷŻ
ڼ䣬һֱƽ࣬ղŻսһţҰԹ˲Ͼûжȥ˭һУΪǵΣȫ˻顣
һʱ䣬׺ź֡
ձȣû취˵ʲôֻιֵлȡ
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˵ֵ꣬ûµĻɢ˰ɣԼעŵ㣬ץˣˡ
һȺҰǿ˴Ҵȥƣ̱ڵأнٺ֮С
ҰܿĵطƽٶȽʱһ·ٷУЩظ
תۼ䣬ǺǰĹޣǺͷŵҰѾ㹻İȫ롣
ƽԭϣƽϢ֪뵽ʲôȻۣԡ
Ƴһۣʲôԡ
ٵΪʵּǹʽڿĵСúͬʽʱʶؾģһǷأһԷʶ˼·أ
׳ĬƬ̣ɵ˼˵
ٵģһжǼٵģߵǸͲĵСղžǵˣȻֵľȫֱʣǱƭˣҧгݵҾ;֣˻飬ΪȴоǶ٣ⲻ
ףΣµҲǵĶ֡
꣬˽ͷһ
񻺻̧ͷűͶһƳüͷ
Ϊʲôƺָо˻
˸Ƭ̣װЦ£ұҲˣϹԵٻᡣ
ƽעȥڷ߷ΧЦһ
Ϊûо
û
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űӣƵôͣˡ
ƽһˣصͷɡ
۾ʲô
ƽͳʣµö飬˸ȥЦá

˼䣬ƹȡ
ŵ¶¶Ĭ
ѩԺУһľͷСţʱ̵ʲôõĵطҲ˵
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ҡҡͷָĦţ֪Щʲô
ûͳȥ׼ջԼԣͱһһѶ¡
ƽ˺ƤҧһڳȺĺ⣬Ѿ㿾ǣճǽ棬졣
ƽ°οˣûϢõϢ
ãԺﴫѩ
ѩӳ¹࣬Ϊͽ̫ĹŵӣΪ̫ûиƣ
ˣҲ֪
ƽ̾Ϣʦƽľ಻֪ΪΣżҲãΪʿܴģʦѾһιſʱһˣҪȷܹġ
䵭ǣʲô𣿡
Ƥӵ±ؽġ
лӳģΪ˾ǣԼ档
ΪȺ˵ܣĵز
ҧһߣҲġ
ƽްЩ˭ָء
ҲۿԼСʦԼǰڳС
¹γһսо˶ȴʹ䡣
ʹԼСΪ
꿾ƣԼ붫ˣڼȽ˹򣬱ֻԼøǿһЩСʦûţպ
˵һ룬ʵ޿ˣתͷлʦܣҹģʵԲӵġ
˺޲ץĵͣ£лԺţ̽ͷ̽ҽҹġ΢εѸҵе֮һλоΣ
ˣ
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л΢΢ף¶һЦݣ̧ͷ籥ȱлұ
л赽ˣ˷ܵصԺ洵ӡ
֨֨ģѩҡͷô˰ѵӴľͷ
ĵˣƽһڸıϣˣ˴΢ɽԶˣ׼Լõ״̬ȥӭ΢ɽϴ
״Ӷ΢ɽϴĺûᣬܴ֮пڽϴʱֱӽһ磬ҵ˼ԼǶԼ;Ĳء
ѩ˲ľͷԽԽϸһ֧ʵϰأ̾
ϴ֪ܲлμӡ

ƽԭ
ƽûҵʵҰջֻһʱЪš
ֱܹӿȥĵط
ƽҰоʲôڿڴﶯ˶ͷſһֽƬ˼ѵ˳죬ֻĬĬ
Ŷ˻иܸš
ƽһָݣıο
ҹ׷ɣɱԭ
һ׹ɳ۶ڻԭš

˷ߵҰӳк졣
İҰΧȼԽԽظо
⾪ɲžˣ֪ΪΣоκҰϢ
ⲻԾҰĶ
Ӱ΢ҹӰ˿С
עŻķɫƬ̣ں
һѣзգһö棬ȫðˡ
ʮָڷָףָ𾢷磬ŻΧصݺץȥ
䡪
رѿָۣػһط
üͷ壬жΧȷʵûκ壬ŽŲѵǰȥ
ͬʱϮƫУĺĴȥ
ȻͷüѹͣϹ㡣
ЦһܸоĶôܸо
̰ؿķ
Ȼ֪Ӻζȷȷʵʵһö鲻
ӰӰӣսһš
ϴʱˣˣֱһ֣ûļܣҹȫˡ
Ŀ˸֮ǰɫһ㣬ٿȻɢ׷˻þ֮С
û׽סڵµĻ顣
ϵЦݻûչ̼䣬𵴿ճƽԭĻþҪ¡
˲֮䣬Ȼ䡣
һ޴īɫն£ʵʵС
ͷһִٻиӰⲽߵǰ
ǰΪľСͷǴδĿѹ̩ɽѹֱײ̲ס˱ܼ
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֪¿թǰȫǸҶġ
ȴû뵽־Ȼµġ
ӵλǰڴˣ֪Ϊ£
ƽ۲ת΢΢ףЦã͡
λǺܾˡ


39 ܴ֮
ش, Ұ
ζⷽ޴īɫԣ̾㵽жϡŹֵķ
ʱһƳһۣ, ĬĬƽ
γΪǰ͵һʿĺܶ鲢˽⣬֪ƽķ޾жټ
ʱʱļλɹܣ˼ȥҲԲһ÷Ĵ, ;ò˼顣
󻯹Ҳʱ, ƽʱΪɹģ˵ж£롣
ͷױУʵǰ, лֱ˵ɡ
ƽЦ£׹⻪תʣֺ, ö顣
ⲽ, , ·𹰻㣺һö飬˿ɲ÷֡
ЦǰοȤ, ҵҰмѣΪһö֪ǷǾֵĻҲ޷˵ĴΪ˶һѣһ, ֻҪһġ
ϯضòųٳ̧ͷ, Ҳ, ǵõ˻, ɽôãûѡ֣˷ѡ
ƽŲ΢٣ЦҪԣҵ֪ô֪ûء
վ⣬˵鲻ֹһء
ͷ׶סˡ
ЩԼʲô
Ƭ̣ɵѵʰ»ɽлöͬʱģ
ƽҡҡͷվڿϷˣʾ⡣
εõʾüһǲزסĵ⡣
һĺȻһö顣
е¡
һߣʱָŵͬҲһö顣
ױ˱ۣŵôܡ
ӦҪЩֵĿģ˼Ƭ̺ûв´ǰûǰǱꡣ
Ѿ׹ˣ˫ûУǼСָͬǿԵ͵ûС
ΨһĽͱЩ飬ΪģĿԣǻ鶼ǳλصǰ֮֡
̾һķڷ
ǰ£Ըһǣȫ
ƽ¶һϵҺ͡ûֱӻش𣬶ǵȷʵĿģΪʲô¡
¸ֶУתʱˮƺѿ롣
ǲãҰ״ƻŽأ⣬ʵڵߣÿһҪ˵ɫ𣿡
仰ڳҰĬ
̾һԸĴѡһڵҰ˭֪Ȼ£òͷ
ƽ⸩۵ףǰǹƻ
ѵձĴֱӴԷҪҰȫץݣ
Ұ֮պյ֮һΣλֻĴ֮һҪʰҰҲΪ
һֱû˵ķҲƽⷬעĬĬ˸ķ򣬿Щ
ƽһЩС۵ףȻ
Ұޣ޷ΪҰûбĽϣ޷ֻܻɡΪ󣬷ĴƲ˵ҰļԱҲ൱أö֮Ȼ񱻶ľ档
ͷ׽κʱҲĬĬۼߣлѹõıƺͲʹ죬ǽƽĿ˵ˡ
Щ죬ļ
Ƕ˵ⷬһиҪ
ƽһЦʾӽҰҪҲأ
ͬը졣
ƽڻϣָ˵ֶһء
ҪҪ룿
ҰҪǻ
ʱеƽЦȴдƶ۽üҹһ˿ͥŲ̩ȻƺѾԤϵԼõĻش
ƽûٶ˵ɢǧɽķ⣬ͷ׳Ҳߴ٣Լǡ
ҹžһ˲ʱ⡣
˵ƽҲû뵽ܴôľϲ
һĽѾԼʼԳɹȻЩĹ˵º󣬿γɵǷ
ֻʱٽΪ˶ɵĿӡ
ȴ֪߿ٹĿʲô
ȫƽ˾䣬Уû
˵ݡ
ֽƬ˵ĬĬļ£ҲһڵĳԲȫ˳֡
ƽƳһۡ
⻰ûͷûβ˲֪˵ġʲôˡ
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̧׽ɫķ˿ƽ°ͣӵЩ
վŬͷƽ۾
ġѾȵǸˡ
ڻʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ȷԼδ˾ǸʲôˣܲΪⷽشӡ
ãȵˡ
ȵһֵõˡ
ƽۣһ񽵿ʱļ仹Ŀ
ܼǵգһµʿµģεͬš
ʱû֪Ǹ˶еʿѾ˳ȥ꣬Ƥҡ
û֪ǾƤ֮ģ𾴵ġŷġȫȫɡ
Ǹˣתۼ䣬Щܹ˼ǣѾŴƤ˼
ƽ뵽飬ѵЩ
һμʶΪ񽵿ܡ
ŴĵĽϽûа취ֱµһЩ飬ĳЩĵ顣
⣬谭أ
Ǻܿһð취񽵿ܡ
ͨĳط꣬ǡ
ǬתԼʶ뵽УΪ񽵿ܡ
ʱԱٽ󣬸ɵĿӡ
ĹҲͬӹһ̾͸оϽĿ̽ˡ
ȻˣֻҪǵ⣬ǹȺҰǻܹⷢչ
ƽǰҰʱСȰοˡ
룬ĿԸľϲ

˼䣬ǰ΢ɽϴһȺѾߵƽӡ
΢ɽֻһľˣһȺ˴ܵʼɬѾܹش·ĺܶ顣
ڳסºһȺ˹ɸġ
۸˴к컹ûڣڳ䡣
¹γǵ֮Īһϰߣ۵ﶼߣȷһûвʲôֵ󷨡
ƽ赭д˵¹γǶ֧ʱ󣬺۾Լ·뵽һȫµĽ׶Ρ
ƽӱ¹γҪһЩиΪûս¹γǺ֮Уڼʿͷ˽Уʿʿ֮з˵֮ء
ȥһж
ڳţڳŴȴһֵĶ
һѹʯ
©һģæϸ
ѹʯ̶ڳһǣǶȺǵ꣬Ѱ˾ģѰ󷨵ټϵġ
ַ۳Ե¹γǹ̶ѹʯַһ޶
Ǿ󣬵ת𹦷ԭ¹γоƿȥ
֣βûп;ͬơ
ֲ⣬ԭģԭӡ̷Ϣ
ҹ߶ʵãͷǸʲô󷨣
۵ĴʱϢԺԼԼġ
ô˵Ҳûʤöֻ֮ԼԼġ
Ϣӣȡۺ۴ͼֻһۣɫһ䡣
̼䣬ѾʧԺ֮С
ƽУ佫ͼڹϢԼûоʹֹͣ
ų˶࣬ڳй䲢û˵Ĺעһ·ͬе˷
ƽ¹ʵôˣ
۵˵˸ղŵķ֣ƽͬͷһ󣿡
˼άǶأתӵһ򣺡ǹٿһΣǲǿԽȥʦã
εƳһۣΪ򣬻ñһȺ̻ˡ
˵䣬һ֪ݵʿ·ͺۼײ¡
̧ȥԷǸӢʿȥʱһȱŵĵۡ
һɣΪĵţһԺһ¡
еţһţһȱš
ȱŲݣƽܺǼļ٣Ȼüۺƽ¶ûϳ˭
Ц£΢΢ףǸûע·ȱŵӣλǣ
˺뿪ˡ
뿪ƽ¶ıӰãƣʲô
ƽü֪ΪΣҿʮֹΥ͸С
Ҳ˵оӺζֻĪָо
ƽԼĸо
ã˵źƽ̾Ϣ
ֻʣ¾Ҫ΢ɽϴˣϣһ
ƽҲ̾Ϣǰ˵ĹǸɷúܣʦСֲãҪǽ˹ֻίˡ

º󣬹Է롣
ɳУӰ䡣
Էĳǳز࣬걤һ
걤λڹ򱱲ǲԶڹʵƫԶĵط
Էۼ˺ܶĹޡ
ԣĴѾԷȴ֪Ǽ١
оĹ飬˵
˵ܴкܶ챦ĴҲǰ봨
ϾǹޣؾܴѾǹѰˣλҲ֡
˵λλҲǰ
ⲻܰɣºҲٵģ֮к챦òǰ
֪ܴȫڹĽһǺԽӵģʱҲǴܴģΪԽӴȶǱ£ҪܴеĳҲԼȥȡ
ԭˣҿܴʣˣܴǳصλÿЩԶЩȥܴ;ײҰôͬаɣ΢ȫЩ
˵һȺźȾƵ˶ͻȻͣһġ
ᣬ޻ϲš
˵Ұ֮䷢һ£ڳҰѾϮǹˡ
£޺Ǻ£Ͻ˵˵
˵һأ˵Ұиǿֶ֣߳øΪҰŽᵽһҰǲˣԹλܵĹǰӻһʲôᣬǶҰ֯
նɻᡣ
һ䣬޸͵Ŷԣͽնɻᡣ
˵֣꣬ȡ
ԴնɻҰǰֶˣҲϮˣ˰պҲҰĴŹˣһֱֵڣǰЩնɻҲѾԷˣҲǴܴ
еľƿһһ㶵ģû뵽¡
һͳҰĴܣ˵Ҳεʵɣ󣬾Ѱˣ֪λܾǸʲôˡ
ʼ˵ǸޣһӣƶĿɿϢΪԸ߹Σ߾ųߣʯܱͫƳ𡣡
¹޷׷׾̾Ӣ
һֱźȲ̲סһڲ˳


40 ܴ
Կȥ, ˴ñסһĺɫôǹ֮Ĵ硣
, ǺµĴ磬ֻǲһñ
һһȺǵģ˾֮ƿͶԶһ㣬ԷȺɷļһ
ڣȺΪɷļһﶼڰЦ
ԱߴȤܱ, ͫ
ƽͷ۵ɱˡ
ʰ»ɽһս, ǰĴˣʱñݣֹϳ
Χŵ, ȻնɻĳԱ
ҲʱĽҰ
Ȼˣкܶ඼Ǳնġ
ܹΪڹǵջûҪлҲĴҰնɻĹ, СµĹ, Ѿ˲ľʵҰ
նɻôһȺҰ˳
ƽ, ĵȷʵô⡣
ҰͨҰ⣬ٽ, ȺĹûҲ֪ôԶﴫһ˿оͳ
ƽЦЦ
Ҳ, ʱᱻϳ
, гν, εֽƬӻȥġ
֪Ǹʦ, Ǹķ޺󣬸ԵһȺҰѾֲ֡
ƽԼȴֹ֣һεʵݣ㾿ǴӺζ
ȴҡҡͷȻ˵Ҳ˵ңҲẦġ
ƽĵȷʵҲûһСֽƬ˺ʲô
ݼ״ѵʱ䲻ˡ
ƽ豭ñ֮Уǳһڡ
Ѿʮ졣
ʣ͵ʮˡ
ʱҲ뿪ͻᱻ˴ͬҲ޷뿪ˡ
ƽߣ˼š
ܸܵ.ڴ˴ԶĵطŴ˵ؿҲΪܴ
ܴǹѵһʢᣬܴ֮ɹ챦Ҫǣ´ιſ
ھ¥ȥͷӰܶȻΪܴۼڴˡ
ҪǣҪҵ.ĴܵǸˡ
ţһй޵ۣ˵ܴñºĴ׷ǰΪܴһ׹ǵı
ƽüͷ΢ñ᡿ȥԷѹ¹ر£˵𣡡
˵Ĺ£ŵ˵Ǳгǡ
ǹޣ۷ҲˣҲԽٹıȥƫƫֻɹ飬.ػһΣͿڹ˼ˡ
˵ȻԣΣ
żⳤܹΪֱǹ.һĻᣡ
Էˣ桢д£
ƭ㲻ɣи޹µ˵ġ˵꣬̾һ֪ΣȺֵܹģ˵б¡
Ҳǡ
ƽͷһ
.ĳǣ
šôôء
ǰŪôǸƷ
˵ˡǶʧܣͰǸƷһУΪʲôڹ
ƽʶƺźһǧǰйصܣ޷⿪
˵ţ߼ǿѹӿһֱܴȥ
ƽܵǿѹһ״̬£ǵɹ顣
üͷ£𣺡֡
ƺܵԼ.ɹѹһ
ѵ嵽ܵģǹߣ
ƽָڲ豭Եߵţ꣬е鷳ˡ
ϵˣǳߡ

ܴԷںأһ
ƽΨܴʱܼ׳۵ľ
ƽһȺҰʱӸߴܿԷӼʮѾռ졣
Щ޶ǳȺӣżм䵥Ҳ
̫ۣתͷνҸյţҪ͹ͻ뿪һԼܴעⰲȫ
˵ţ£뵽εԸֲ˾䣺ȻǶԷҲҪš
˫ض˸ƣû⡣Ȼ̵شնɻһȺҰȥҵطЪˡ
ʱƽ֪ûԣЩģʱ㿴Щ
ʱص󣬾֪ƽҪ˵ԣЦףİɡ
԰գʱüͷЩɵ㡭ǲǴ뿪򣿡
ƽͷһµôô˵
ʱ꿴ʱ䣬һֱڽôһϸ죬ֽҾѧƻ飬Ҫġܴ֣´ιſ֮رǲǡ
ƽֱӵǡ
̹Եҵԭ򣬲ô
ʱ̾ʱѾˣϢߣʱֻǻԹ㡣
ƽЦ£ñ˵ԣǻ𡣡
ҿ
˵꣬˻֣תȺ֮Уʱԭط㶡
ʱƽıӰãЦӵҲԪӤΪնɻмףΪʲôôء
ƽ뿪Ϊܵھ.ԽԽˡ
ζ.Ʊػ͹߲ͻôҲΪ˲նɻᡣ
ñȺдУиӦָķɿ죬Ⱥӣû˵ע⡣
ܿ죬ǰۼĹ˺ܶ࣬ο￴ȥѾܴܿڵľչ·Բ⣬ʹ˴
һ޵ļ磬ʮλѣǰ治ˣΪ˹ȥ
Ƴһۣʶǰ漸˭ľͱ½ڣ˭ҹȥ
ƽƳǰһƮݵӸĿ໹ŷ˸λ
һ۸ñĺ޳ܺϣپǶ˫ǵ޹޹һͷҰ׵ĳ˫ͫĺɫ۶һԣһһк޹صӡ
һߣһɫ۵Ӧþɲɫľҹ
Щǰܵǿѹ£ûƽ̫⣬ģĪߵˡ
һɫ۽ȫס۵Ķñסϰŵɴס°ԷȫӰ֮У˿С
էһȥԷͣʹñڵʵʵƽ֮ͬ
֣ߵ˭ΪμûκϢûΪһƽµظ˴
ԷȻҲģڵʱ䲻ɣʶ
λǹպĴҽʦ·ļϵһҽ뻯ڹǱƣκãڹ֮ĵλɸߡ
ҽʦƽĬƺ
ǾĴ΢Щ룬ֻԼԷͣò
ƽѾʱԹ⼸λˣܴʲô¡
ǰ
ǰ֪ԸЩʲô޹ǰǵĲٹ޶µ˺ü
޹Ĵгº͵һһǫǫӵģھ׽ŷ
·Ըˣҵȴ˴ǰֻΪһһλܴежλһվɱǡ
ƽԸܵ仰ΧĹ˿ЩӦģлл
ĿڹıӰͣפ˼룬Щ
Ĳ²ûд.ȷʵڳϡ
ƽЩͷۡ
⣬һΪʲôҪ.ܵ
ãҹĻ٣䣬¹ھġ
һĲȻһС
ߺǸɫ۵˾С
ܴ
л˵


41 
Ĵ˺, ǶûھһֱһԵĹһӿϣžȥ, ҪܴռȻ
ƽڹȺнܴ
ںֻһƬؿ㡣
ܴѰؾһ޶ԣĴĵرе챦ܹ, кܶ඼ܹʹá
ƽһһȥ, еûʲô
Щһǧǰ̫ˡ
.ϵظ֪ȥ켣ڹȺ֮, źۼظϳߵĽŲ
û߳ԶԶһ󾪽С
ޣȺ
Ϊ׵ε, Ӱ
ܴô˸߽׵ޣ
ܴƵʲ, Ĺ޺ܶ඼ǵһ, սܴй޶ЩãȻ, ȻϢæȺһӴܡ
ƽЮڹȺ֮У׺ųߣŸܵһǿҵѹȸдӱϮ
Ƴ, յȺشε޺ϴֲһ, ȺȫɫƤװ, һ˫˵ɫͫӲ˫ȴ׵ؽ޳ص
Ⱥ˵мǧֻ, ׷ڹޱγһƣжȷ硣
ƽܵΪֻ˵ҲεΪǰ棬ٶ죬ǰһ¾ոһƬ޵
˲䣬ֻε޾Ѿ嵽ͷ
ۼˣ֪ܲˣȫоֿնµ
ƽָһЩ»ŷԸΪò
ն£ƿռ䡣
Ŀûȼоһľͷӹ
ղϷıߣǧһ֮ʣǸȴһ㣬ڼƽʱͻȻ˻ȥ
ͷƶʱɢ
һȺ޶ˡ
ֺ£
˰
ƽҲЩɣе̧ͷֻηһ㣬ֱͷӹųǧһһ
ƽŶԷƬ̣ͷһ
Կ䣬ղľã޺µġƺ
ͷһҾ֣˹Ⱥһųڵķ׷ȥ
һߣδնɻҰҲܴ
˫΢Уһ׹Σջ˸أΧڣһ򾡡
Ǻ޵ĿĲͬǱܴе챦ȥģҰĿֻһޡ
Դӷ޿ƻ֮ȺҰУҲûб޸Ķˡ
ЩΨֱ֮ޣΪҪԴ
ǳ£㻭ķΧǲ̫ˣ챻ܴȥˡ
λͷһȻһķΧܴ޻ޣԸ޵ֲֻǣǴԸڹ޵ƨɺ©ٲǶæˡ
ʱѵǵãʬʱǧҪ̫ۣܹΪƻ飬»̫֪
ҰǰΪ޸ǷһֱŲֻΪ»ûʰҰɵʱ
Ұ֯ˣܹΪĶʱƱĴļɵʱҪȥͲˡ
ʱλǰ˵ˣĿǰ躹޵ĺá
ڳҰǶǴԼĴָƣģִ֪硣
ʱЦ£ƳΣĵⲻ˲ִ֪
ʱնɻҰǻûʶʱһ̫ƵϵԪӤҰѾնɻĻȨ

ƽų߹·ֱܴ׷ȥ
ܸоߵĿļΪȷҲ൱ԼҪҵĶѾǵһν
Ϊ°˴ɹ֮һΨһĵɹ飬ߺѾվ˹۷塣
ƽЩ棬ʲôܹó˽ԼǰĴ
ʱӺһ¡
ǰһƬ֣ûӣƽѾּܿ˸ǵĺ⡣
ȫ޵۾
ղ;У˵Ƭɭܴм֮һϢΪ͵һ֣εʵҪƬҲݺݳԵͷµʵֱɡ
ƽۣû̫ԥ롣
ڵ˲䣬гǧ˫ɫ۾ʱˡ
ƽ治ɫߣûκεĵĺ;¡
ּ䣬Ӱܶζöƽǰ鷢
ïܣڱգҲסƽǰ·
бڵ·ߵǰ󣬽֦ҶɢΪóǰ·
ھһСϪʱϵĿҶ׷׸һҶţˮ
ƽ͵ػͷĺɫâЩ·ŵˡ
ƽɫЩ죬ظܵǵĴϾ޵ıܡ
ղһ·ͷˣʼֻޣһ·޶
ΪΡ
ƽвţͣԽԽãԼ˵ϤС
߳Ƭʱƽܸܵ˿
üٶȻ޵סɺ˫˼£Լ˼
ˡ
ƽǿ󣬸֪ҲںܸܵЩʲôɡ
ʵֹޣƺеľݣܴеķӨչ⣬ޱ޼ʵ뷨Щ뷨ƽУһʱ侹áе㳳
ЩǿңЩڸнģ֪㲻Ϻ
ƽܹ֪ǵĴڡ
ĸо
񡭡ԿЩ
ֵ߳ʱһ˳ΪȦסƽټ⻹ʮԵعסƽڳһֵ͡
ƽ̿ллϲҵˡ
˵꣬ĳһŭֽƬˡ
ֽƬƽֱһ·»ʱץһͨģɿɿ˭㹴ģ
߰ⱻˣ൱̳СֽƬ
ֻǸֽƬˣЩķεȥ
ƽۼֿ½Լĺɰ
ֽƬԴĵ㡣
Ҳ֪Ҫȥľʲôط֮һ··ģȫǸΣյ޾ۼأƽʱܿܶطһսϲŲ޵ʬ塣
ֱ򱱣йһƬǰƿɢü⡣
վĵطһߵأӸߵɽľ֯һӶ־󷨡
ʱ˿̣ҪҵĿ󷨵룬Ĵֱפ󷨵ĸ䡣
һֱɫݵǸˣأվ⣬˷ɫۿȻҲ֪ʲôʡ
ƽɨһվλ֪ΪʲôһҪĴǰ
ΪúӡṹͬΧ̣ͬӣֻ߶ÿһܹ󷨡
󷨻ǵع⳾һġ
ƽţ˭ôģض
䣬߷ѹ󷨿
ƽüͷͷֱʲô൱µĶҪˡ
˲䣬һŰ׹εضյ˶˫Ŀʹᡣ
׹ֺԽԽ󣬴濴ȥֻԼ׹ƺǸͣ˳ʲôӡ
ĴͬʱѪɫһ˲
ΨվĴҽʦŰ׹⿴Ƭ̣üͷ¶˼
ƽֱӴ˵
⡢ⲻǡⲻҵ𣿣
ɹзֻ֮£Լ깻ǿֱӷֳһҲǸԼµһ·
ٳ󣬽ԼĶפ֮Ϊλ
ȵȡ
һ˲䣬еĹ֮ж·ߡ
ƽͷնһЦõıϡ
ܴʼ;ô˴ϤУΪĶ
˭Ҳû뵽һǧȥоȻ䣬ȫЩռˡ
ѹЩ޿е£ԭռȵˡ
ͬʱͰ׹ⱬ˵ѹĴ͹߶λɫ䡣
ѹ˲䣬ѾͰ׹սһ
ƫƫڴʱӰһǰһսĵ㡣
һĻĴɫҽʦΣգ


42 ǧط
ۼŴҽʦȥ, Ĵʱˡ
λǱ·ļϵ½ðôķصǰѰǣΪ
Ƥӵ³, ǻˣ»÷裿
ɲղŻһӰȥˣ˭
޹ˮȥ
Ȱ㲻ҪŶ
ճһɳƵŮס޹ĽŲ
ƴ˷, ȫ˵ĸ
޹üһʲôˣ
˵Ц, ɳƵëӹļ⣬һĵĵЦ޹Щŭ
, ˱£Ļ˸̬ȶ
˵ţм˷, һǻ, ˲Ϣԭ֮ơ
, ʢ
ҽʦϳ
ţĿǲ, .ϡ
ΰ׹ÿһߵɫһ˲
ɫɫĳ£Եֽ
ɫ, óһڽ𳤵
ܻڹԪ, Ƕ, ˫Ҳĸ·, ڽ𳤵ԪӤ󣬵͸
ŵӹԪʱڽ𳤵ȾԪͬŵѪڳԷʱӲ۶ϣԱ͹Ԫһϡ
ȴ֪ΪΣѵС
üѹͣĿ⻮ɫ۸߾٣նƳգ¡
˻ϲ̰д飬Ŀ
һġ㡱
Դӽ׵ɹѾܸôµѹˡ
һն£Ĵҵľ˭
ҽʦģ
̫Ũˣ壡
һʲô
յȥˣȴδϵĵâ̼䱻ɢ
īɫοȾ¡֦ͷ˪̡
Ũİǳīɫ֯ͬһīɽˮš
īɫȻʱʱǳͬΣӲ
ŵڣȴأһͷԽУϢ
ڳ˶īɫӵĳˢĴ˲ƿפصĵλ
ģ⾿ʲôֵ
ƽŨ֮Уɫβɻң۷΢΢
αװ֮ɳŮٶȵ˷Ц⣺Ƿ
֡ȥ
еַԼ
ƽķһ޶
ڰָԷû棬ɲˡ
޲ŭյߣȴȻһ
ƾȻ˱仯
ԭȵ߾ŤͻȻһ޴С
иһ֣ͺ޴˶ĵķ۶ȥ
ƽЦ˵ˣȰ㲻Ҫ󷨣ǻġ
ĴΪۣһ۵λøı䣬ȻҲ䡣
ǻúӡѸĵط
ֱ˿̣ƽеļſʼ¡
ǰ૵ǺֶĶð
ǰܷһɴ˿˸ʱ
ֻһ
֪˸Ϊܴ֪ʱ͹Ķǵ걻֮еĺ֣ҲҲ
ԭΪǧʱбշ籩ߣҲѰˡ
û뵽Ȼ
һŨеͰ׹ҲŶ󷨣ܴһһľ飬
ƽԼ˫֣Ϊп
ʱǧأٴθܵﾡƿ֮еȷС
֮Уҳһš
һ.ѾóԹ˲Ͼ
ǽУ·뵽һ磬졣
ɲʵ̫ƽյʵӲ֮һֻ۱£ﲻκæ
޳īɫӵĲϳˢ֮мվȽŸɬˣزסȥҽʦ
еǣԤУһȥͻ޻תˡ
ҹ̲ס˭ô̬󷨣
˵䣬񽻴ϵͷ̼ѾɢĴγһܵķֹߺʹҽʦС
.ƽָ£ָٴμһŷ
һţƽĹս֡˪
һƿڳֻǰһ˫Ŀʹѣ̲סֱ
УһȵţվɲվϽʮ޳վϽ߸ҹվڶʮһ񡣡
䣬Ĵֿǿ˵ָ֮ķȥ
ƽڰУζü塣
˿󷨻Що˵ļƽĹؼڡ
úӡع⳾һоĶع⳾Ǵӹµһʦ֪ļѣƾδƿ󷨡
֮Щ档
ƫƫ˵֮Ϊ죬̫ЩӲһ֪Ⲣ˵ģ±Ƴ
棬ƻԼļƻ
Ĵɵ۵˲䣬ƽİӰϢǱ뵽˳ߵࡣ
.ŭΪڵ֮ը죬ǰŨŵ˸˸峡еΡ
Լڳкէ֣һֱŵĶذ¶â
ʯ䣬ذӱϳĿڣĴͬʱתѹסۣ󷨶תɢ»Ϊ̸
ͬʱŨɢ޳ۼƳƽӰСģ
ߵˣڽ𳤵һ񣬷־Ҫͱƽ
н༤̶ߵƳһȫɫ۰ձñڵʵʵӰ
ӰͷųѹԼй֮޲
üͷų.ˣôǧǰĴµġ
ǰλʱֳһɹ飿
ƽṴñסһ߱.ǰһǰһ͵ƳһƣƷЮŵɹǿѹ޵ķ⣬ۼҪóߺ
޳飡λǰΪǰֻҪ˼Ǳ£һж
ƽЦ¡
Ҫľ仰
.ǱڽУ߽ʿĽң붼˽ޱ޷򿪡
ȻҪǿдҲûа취ֻҪҵڽϵ곹ɢҾͳΪ֮˭Դ򿪡
һɹʿҪɢ˵Ҳϰʱ䣬ƽȲ
õķǺ
ĳ룬ڳ˵
ƽԼαװɳߣ˽Դҵ.ڹѲңҪʲôδ̫ЦЩ
ô˵ţȴһ̧֣µѹǵѹǸµͰ׹ⶼסö
״Ĵıӽš
Ͱ׹ǱսһʱǱԼǴ·ġ
λǰһ֣סͰ׹⡣
ʾڸǣҪŪȺСӣ˵׾١
ĴŽĿ⡣
ǹʲôʱһǾȻ޲
ˣϽȱ¡
ƽʮþȣԷһӦҪ
ĳעⳡ̸еƽһķ㵹
ͳ߲޾ԹҲ룬.ϸƣսɵĽ𵤻ڵҩαϸнɵģһá
ƽԭʮ㣬ȴĴ.ʱɫ䡣
ָ߱治ɫܡ
ƽ
һ飬벻.˹ۡ
ս֮䣬ƽᵽ.ʱĴעĿⲢڳϣǰɫ۽ȫסϡ
ƽЩʱ˵뵽ˣ˺Ĵ֮ͬ
ֲʱǴҽʦȳ
δǽƳһߣԴӲ˵
ҴӦ㡣
ɫһ䣬̵У
ҽʦŵط˸ۣŭߣأҪ
ȴִúܣ˵УǲС
ǰݲĺǰҽʦֱȥһ٣ʿӿǲȫǽ
Ȼˣһһ䣬⽩Ӳļҧгݵ˼ߣ˵ܶΣҲҪ˵.λǰ.
ҽʦһƽ΢΢Ƿ񣺡ˣ޶⣬ǰ£.һ黹
һ˫Ũҵķ籩Ŵҽʦã򣬺¹˹Ӳ㲻Ҫұ.㲻ҪĶҲñȥ
ƽ
ߣҽʦ
ĵܲ΢һ㡣
βṴ۵ЦȴЩǲú̸Ǳˡ
˵䣬ƽƵģЩЦ⡣
Ȼֱһ˳ߵҼ硣
Ӱһֱӳ˴ҽʦƷϮתۼͽҽʦ¡
ƽǿˣȻԸ.黹ңΪλҽʦĻҽʦûˣûֵ𡣡
ƽԭҲɱ˴ҽʦյҽʦߣСȰ𣿡
ƽЦҽʦȴδ֮ԡ
Ȱǹ
Ȱʡ
ɫ䣺ſ
ҽʦǳһ䣺͸ұ죡
˫Ŀ죬Ҳ֪ӺζǣȻƽµ
Ļƶһ˿ңƽüͷ΢壬һٶȱ任¸֡
ֲûӵƫִƽŭ
ŭ֮£һѿסҽʦļ
Ʒ罫ҽʦɫöԭڴҽʦͷϵĶñ¶ϰδɴסա
ƽʹҽʦͬʱɫһ䡣
ƽʱΪʲô߷Ҫҽʦ.ɡ
£ԭӦǴҽʦĵطտҲ
ɫ֮£ƳӯʵǸڸǳʵĿտӡ
ƽΪҪ.ҽʦΪ˸ҵ֮Ϊһû뵽ҽʦʵġ
ֻʵ塭Щ⡣
ܱҽʦɫҲˡ
תͷ絶޲ýܵ
һȴƽסˡ
ɴڸ˴ҽʦ°˫۾ҲԶϵá
.һ壬е⽻īɫ֯һʱһš
ƽǱشУһƬ
ʶĶһҽʦ˸ٶȱá
дһ׵ĺڶƽ˵棬ߴҽʦһԾ¡
зա
Ŀѡ

ڶײҽʦԵرƽһץס˽ȥԭŭѡ
ڶ֮У󷨵ı棬һ׵ǿռ䡣
ڽ˲䣬ҽʦоƽǯסԼ΢иЩ
̴ƽѿɳ۳ԶֻڶԼıοİȫ󣬲žǰŲҪ˵ߣ黹.÷ˣ
ǰ֪ƫִúܣΪҵʣɿڣҲڣֻ»衣
ҽʦҲŹģĵôϵһƣˡ
ǰ½ȫǰȴţŲٻصһ
ҽʦƵһˣֱҲ޴˵ʱ򣬺ǰվǰ֡
ҽʦִ֮£Ӵܣȴ·ӣֻܿ˫쵽Լǰ
˫ĿգĵôЩ꣬ѵҪĲ׵ģ
꣬Ԥ֮еʹȴδ
˫ůղŶսʱ˼ᶨ˿ȴԼڲ
Ȼ޷˵رס
ƽŽҽʦ뻳Уտյ֮£ֻһͷ­ʵĴš
Ҫܶࡣ
αװΣԼʵصغòŵ
㡭Ű
Ϥҽʦֻ̧ͷŶԷԼǰºɫñ¶Ϥֵա
Ŀԣӵ
ҽʦ˫Ƭ̣ɫΪαװ۶ʱҷض£ֻ֮һŹͷ­ƽڻ
ҽʦĵ㻹ء
޶㲻ϣֻǸĻ˰ˡ
վһδ
ƽʧõͷ­˫һ


43 ȥ
ƽڵ, ûжھҵţҽʦҪǲ̫, ȥˡ
ƽͷоԷŶ˶ֱ΢΢һɣҽʦ˳ȥһͷڰ, ǣˡ
ƽԾֱϯض, 棬Ŵҽʦһص̾˿˪
, ô
ƽͷ۵ͲҶһ
˪¶һı飬ŵþû˽ˡ
ƽֻǹ˽жѣ˼, вŷλҽʦġ
˵ʵ
˪һ𱻷Ϲʥ, ʱҽȫ˪µҽ֧, һҽʦ
ƽ֧, ĬƬ̣ôӵġ
˪ڿƮһ䵽ƽƽĳ̶ȣ˵û, ױУһΪ͸͸, û뵽Ȼš
ƽüģ, Ҳ󡣡
˪ͷ, ͬҲڶӣǧꡣ
ƽƳһۣڵ󡭾ʲô
˪΢ѵûƽ̸ֳʹ֮£üĿ·𴩹ǧʱ⡣
ʧЧĸȫˣҳһš
ʮʱ䣬ݷʱ콵ɻ𣬰ٴޡ
˪˵£ƽĸָǼһУ
Ϳ̿
ټ꣬ҲŲסˡ
˪ƫͷȥƽ۵ףҲ֪ĩ֮£²ˣǿһѾΪ壬ٶܳŹʱ䣬Щˣô׵طŹǡ
ƽ񽵿ܡ
˪̾ǰ񽵿ܡԭѾӡһ˿ѷ죬ԻһߴϢ֮񽵿ܳ׻һС
ʮ꣬һȺ񽵿ͼʬ𼣣ĲдȫߣȫΧɽɱһѪ·ҴǬӡ뿪ҵԹǧء
Ҳֻһˡ
ƽԡ
лֿ¶һڰЦûûεӣġ˪൱ʱӡ
ٿʱЩɳƣӳˣôô˽ӡ
˪ЩвתͷƽĿоȻ
˪ЦһʱЩ⣺Ҵɽһ·Ӵݣûã񽵿ܾ׷˹ұ֪࡭
һƽŵûס
˪ֻֻܿһƬնĮȻҲ֪ɽսΣҶԣѾû·ұԱˣ͵ʱ׷ҵһȺ񽵿ͬھ
˵£ƽΪʲôûףӵԭӦ֪ɡ
ƽһ˪Ŀ⣬ɵѵܣ
˪ݺݵͷͷ˵ƽпʱû뵽ôãǶһˡ
ˣԱ.٣ܱдͷ­ΪǬӡ񽵿ܶߣݵĶ֮У׷
Ķ˷Ҳŵؼ⣬ȴû뵽磬»죬Ѳǵݽʱģˡ
˪Ȼǵ֮£Ҳ׷ѡ
ƽĿ˸Ƭ̣ԭˡ
˪βһ˿Ц⣬ü΢ƽʾ˵ʦôƳܾԱжܾһ壬°ɡ
ƽ۽ֱ飬ҧгݵ
֪ǸܺķҶ󹦷𣿴Ҷ˽ȥ˴ϵرе챦СǶ޶һ飬չһôһ㣬Ϊ䶼Ψֲս㻹һɸΪ֮
ƤЦⲻЦҪҲУȰ.κ˵ҽһһҴһȦûһϸ˵ġ
˪Ҳ˵컯ѻ٣컯뻹ڣûûŵģΣ
ƽ˫һ̯ˣ.˲κãΪȥܡ
۵ɴۡ
˪ȷѣΣô㶼ѧĨˣղô࣬̽ң֪Ҷʲôɱ֮˾
ƽԣҾڻ㣬ֻ㣬ճǰκһˣҶỳɡֻ֮ĸʧЧҲֻпĸֽš
ƽȻԭһȦѣޱ㻹ţ㻹ǰظҳܡ
˪Ǹҽޣҽħַģãħ죬ʲôһһȺˡ
Ƣãܰ˪죬ع⳾˪˵ʱµ˪˵ʶǰ˪ͺƽࡣ
鶷죬ȴûȥ
ƽ£˪ΪѣҲҪųɡ
˪ƫУߣ׷ʵǸع⳾أ㻹ỳ𣿡
ƽ˼ܡ
˪᣺ôٻ˵ôǰ㶼˵Ҫƭƭҡ
žֵع⳾ʦֲµģʧʦñɵ
Ƕ˻ԣٴμʱΨûսɽʱҲδ֡
ѵΪдߣ;㣬㲻Ը
սĻԱڶйʱʱ޿̲룬ǵΪʧܣ˭ǡ
˭Ը⻳Լֿѡ
˪һˮ֣֪ʱһ飬ﶼֵ֮ģҹص㣬صع⳾
ҲŲԸ㵱顣
˵ţоһ˫Ὣ𣬿ȥβۡ
ع⳾ˡ
˪һ̧Ƶ˵ʲô
ʶӡĴڣҵľƻҺһµģƻʼǾɡ
ƽĿ¶֮ٺع⳾ط׼ԼӣɻںУӴ϶겻
һˣôᱳǣǼƻʧء
ƽĮȻԼ󲻵ƽ˵仰һط֪ġ
Ҳزˡ
˪۾գգֻһʹ
˫Ƭ̣Ŀ̡
ʧʹޡ


44 ٿ
һ, ˪ǻ
̧ƽıȻ㲻Ϻÿ˵, ƽղ˵ȫôһء
ƽӵؿʵһˣȥˣ
ҹҹͷǧеʷᾭ伮˸顣
ǧǽع⳾ΪϹ˫, ֽ˪ಢϹʥ
Ƿһֱͬ, ǧʱ⶷ת˶ʷӰΪƫƫֻһ˳Ѷ
ƽ, Σҹ׸ӡ
֮ͬ
޷ع⳾ʦ, ˪ҽ, Ǹޡ
иСҹ, ͨͼеǸ, ôѡ
¹γǹſǰлױҹ׫
׫ԶֹһϹ屦ȴʱ䳤ʧ, Ѱˡ
ҹױˣҲ׫һ, ʧǧʱ, ҲѰټ
˪˫Ŀͨ, ˵ҹף
ɽһսʱ̫ңҸ࣬ҹ״һ˴˳ȥҿһȺ񽵿׷ɱȥ֮ҾͲˡ
˪üͷ壬ɵǸˣҹ𣿡
˵ţԼţƵҹ׶㼸˺ˡ
ƽĿް֡
ΪҹУҪҹײſգֹһЩΣա顣
̫˽ҹˣǡǡΪԼǼȵĹУŻҪֹع⳾ļƻ
仰ƽû˵ڡ
꣬ƽжǰѾ֤ģһᱣֶÿ˵Ļɡ
˵ţ˪۾˪ҽʦɡ
ҡ˪һαԶ㣬ֱ鿴ңҼƤˡ
ʣһͷļƤ񡣡
˪ʶ㻹˼˵أôҲ⸱ģˣ˸.ˣô.˸ưܳģѡ
˵.֮£ƽЦݺ࣬˪ֱë˵ҵ.ˣûء
.ǺܻԼҪ
ƽЩЦеߣôʶģΪҪ.
˪춯˶ɬ˵
üͷһ壬ʵ㻻.ô£ôɺණǲǡ
ǲǳΪ񽵿ܵǰ
.ɺ˱ͲȺٶˣ޸ҴҺúһ롣
ƽʱ䣬˪䵱ֱ꣬ӵȲ˵ˣշߵ£ȸһ¼ɣһ˵ʵ
Ŀˣ˪Ҳ̲ס
ߣ㿴ϵ𣿡
ƽʻͬʱ𷽲ųβƫִģһͷۡ
ĵ˪ǧ۹ôôˡ
ǧǰܿ߻ˣǧôƵϳߡ
˪ûü˵ƽ˰üģͷ۵ˣ濴ˣȥǣҲ֮֮
˪ɿҡͷǲǣȻǣ
ƽ˿ʵڹ򣬻Ǹߣ
˪ϵߡ
ƽЦУͺðˡ
ǿռ֮ĳ˿֪Ů;ȥ
ƽĬʱ䣬˪°ɫ׺ãһºڶ迪˪⧲֮ʱ͵׹ȥ
ִ֮£˪һ⧲ľУҪ

ǿռ֮⣬úӡ֮УѾҳһš
ȾŨصĺѾ뼫ȱŭ֮С
ƽ˪ǿռ󣬻úӡĹЧþѾͣ¡
״̬ø㡣
Ĵƴ£Žʱ䲻ˣ
۸ղλǰоӦɱ֮ˣ£ѾſʱڣֻǻᱻλǵĶҪ£
Ѫʢݺݱ˱ۡ
һƣҪٻúӡȴɲæס˼ҽʦ棬֪ķЧ˴ҽʦͲˡ
λ£ƽòˣȫƵǸӢľһҽʦ¾ͷᣬЩµģֻܰҽʦǧ̼¡
ƫƫҽʦ飬ǳĵģձ¾ͱˡ
ĹǣǱ³ʲô£Σӡ
ֳڽ𳤵ŨصɷѪɫܴ͹ȶ֮ȥ
Ž￪
ܴطѰ֮Ѿӽβ׷ŹŴ۶ȥ
ÿιſȺΨһͨ˼Ļᣬ޲ԴΪ٣Ϊаٹ֡
ʱĹѾԼΣڿǿĻڳ޶ջķᡣ
ڴ˴ۡ
κʱնɻҰҲǱڶ֮Уͼûٹ֮Уȥ˼һ⡣
ֻк̵ܶʱ䣬ҲԲһˡ
ʱ˼䣬ƹȡ
΢͹Ϣɹͬʱڴ˴üĿ
΢ףһڽŵĵǻӻ֣ʲôϽǡ
һԣҡͷƷǲʵҲţһ߻ܵȵŻء
΢һ
˫ĿȻһɨɢݿܵơ
ǵɹĹ޴İٹҹѲȺĵСԲ𣡡
ң£ǳȥ
ƽǰǣʦ𡣡
Ƴ۸ŲӵӣԱ߳ʦãûʲôǳ˯ȥĲˣ
ʦ㣬ʳޣǵޣƶ
ֻ
ƽͷ۵Ǿû취ˡ
ߵǰδſڣʦ㲻Ȱңҡ
ƽýһãиĺ󲱾
˹ȥл
ⲻ𡣡
˿۽ֱ飬ܵƽµĿԼƳԼҲôһ£æͷʦ㣬Լߡ
ܿ죬оֻʣ΢͹Ϣˡ
Ϣźӡͼüͷƽյȡ
΢ۿʵ󷨾ʲôè壬㿴һˣ
Ϣǣĺ󷨣ǰƺʲôطҲʶҲ֪á
΢üȻ󣿡
Ϣ̧Ŀɫ
һ۸Ĺ󣬵˫󷨡ַΪԭȵҲ֪Ǻãڱ޸ĺֻҪԭȵ󷨾ͻȻ仯ΪһģҲ֪ľ󡣡
΢üͷһʶ˲ԣ˵
Ϣףĳ֣ΪֹԭȵĵһЧ
һ䲻֪һ󷨵ãеԼ²⡣
㻹ǵʮǰݻʳǳֵȺ𣿡
΢Ŀ˲˵ʳȺ·𱻶ᣬȫһ˵ġܣ

ߴŽĹţЩġ
ٿȻдһϸ΢ľ硣
ûע⵽ͷһϡ
ִͬʱȻһڶӳ߱Ȼһ󾢷磬һŽ˪ݺն¡
˪ɫЮ⣬ʱʧɫ
ƽ˪ͬʱ˵Ⱥ
ͬʱܴľ׷ܶų߱ӿȥ˲塣
߼æ㿪ѾûôǱεܴƺʼų·ߵһСݶںݺĴĽż⡣
һ̣һᡣ
ƽŵֵĽң¶һ΢Ц
߽Σ򲻿
ƽ¶һ΢Ц£ڲҪˡ
ǰƣ޷ҪʶԴ򿪽ҡ
ɼȻ˪гߵʶӡǣĻõ
̼䣬ЮԵ˪Ӱһ˹űߡ
Ŀѣæ
һжˡ
ȻŶ
ƽ˪һԾ£׳˹š
ͬʱڳй޶оܴĽǿţҪųȥ
תۼ䣬ֻɽӶת˲䱻ܴ˳ȥҲŵӰ
л˺Ц
£ԼĽУƿصĸоܺðɡ
ڵģҵĽ򡣡
Ĵֻһ뷨
ˡ
˲ŹȺ˱µ
Ѵҽʦˣ


΢
45 ǲ²
ƹ, һȺŽյĳţ΢˺޷
ѩ, ƹȵɹһɢųڵİա
һ֧ʣ˿Ƭ۾˸Ű׹⣬ǰĸһͼӡĸƹе󷨡
ۻǵãԼͼԺ, ԺͲ̫, ΪΣԺȴûи
ϸز鿴ͼͼ˽ʮʱ, ʼδܽɹ
ִַʽƵƳĶһ·㲻ͼá
úЩꡣ
֮, ٿȻֳƽ˵Ľ֮
ͷһ, ԼĽ˿Ƭ, ˼ؿƹȵķ
Ȼƽ˵Ľ֮ʦеĴ治Ρһԡ
һ, ٶȳͼ֮УΪרעһ˵Ķû塣
Զ𱧵, ̫ʷȱ°ͣ˫Ŀſ, ֪ʲô
ƽֳֳ, ɨǡ
ֻг, ̫ʷڻ񣬵˵ʦ㡭𣿡
һۣĬƬ̵ţˡ
˵һ룬أͣסˡ
ˣһ˲ȴܸʮİȫУƺֻҪڣⶼӭж⡣
¹γǣż޵ʱ˳еİգԵô࣬ǶһִƺҪ
ȴʵʵ״⡣
ô࣬ôᱻ¹γС
һƵϣҲڹúûš
̫ʷɫæת˻⣺Ǽ£ǿ𡣡
ѩ߰ջ仰˵ǵ̸ᣬǸɸ¥ѡ
̫ʷƵѵҲô֪ô졣
ԱҶϣԵص飬Ѳ֪ɡ
ƽһԣһѾõı飬ãȻ̸֪һ£˵ʲô
̫ʷˣݸƽһöʦ㣬֪ˡ
ƽҵǸղ˵Ǹӡ
ڵǵһ²⡿
⣬ƽ¾ͺһϡ
ӽš
֪ǽܣһʵĪλ״ӣλ
һλƽλɹΪӣڿ˰ݽܣܵһ̫΢£Ϊŵӡ
ݲȫͳƣƽڿʹȶŵͨǸѵһĶȫţ˵ǰѵһ
ڶλлڿ˰ۣлһĵճӣޣ˵ĹѾԶѰʦʦἸλܵĹĿ࿴ӵмλǿİ𣬿׿
λ˵;ǰֻǸоСڿҲܴϿóһоϰλ츳ر𶥼⣬ڼսԽսڿȫʤļѼ
λΪܵĵѡǾһλͷϣҲܶۡλѣʲô
ӣƽºݺս˽ϲ⡣
ľƣȫ¶ڹĵǾ˭ҵǵĶ࣬ɱǵͬҲࡣ
ӣǰе˷ڻϿ
вӣҪٵɱ֮
ƽµǵƳ۸
ллңлҺǿȻѰŶǲģлҲһ·໤Ҫ̫ൣġ
ɸһޱ˴㰵жֱ֣ʤ
ƺʶƽ룬û̫ǣοʦ㣬õңҲԼǵǡ
̫ʷε֮£㲻þͲǵ𡣡
ָߵǣҲ޷
˵꣬˵Ŀ⿴л
лȱЦݽ£̾ϢʵΪӣ⼸ѾĸŴ֤ÿƽһΣÿһյʱ䣬Դп
̫ʷۡһЦ˳ʶΪֻлʦ֣˹㣬һƬĸĳ˸ж
лƳһۣóߣҪ
˼æֹ
̫ʷĵҴˣҲлӣͨɣ㾿Ϊʲôܰʦ״ǰǻ
һ˶Ĭˡ
̫ʷæǾ͵
ƽ̾һ뵽иݣֲˣ
ԭΪƽпܳΪǵˣǰЩŴ󿪣ˣҾҰο˵ǰˣ˭֪˹ţĻл·
˼ʦΪ˾¹γǰնѵģô˵ôء
¥ڣȻϧʵˣǲˡճ˵ǵδ΢ԫӦûģ΢ԫþñŲ಻̬ƽҾãӦò
¥˵еô˵пǵǵģλˣ
ƽ¿Щԣһꡣ
ѩʵҲǡʲôΪȫ֣֮С
ʹסѩ˿۵׵
⣬ʵҲкܶ˵ɻ
Դ΢ԫԤԳ۹ǾʲôĴڣı仯
˭и׼ȷĴ𰸡
ƽ΢˵ǡܴıˡ
л֪΢Щ˼Ƭ̣ʦ㣬ǡǲǺһйأ
ƽ¿Ĭصͷ
ƽ³ؿߣЯǳ֣ıǧλȫеߣзϣ
ñǯƣѡ
仰û˵
̫ʷһĶ𣿡
ܹⲻֵܲ£Ҳ޷ƽµԤԶģʵһԤԡСɽᣬλ
أס۵׸ӵЩ꣬λǰѾ׼˹ˡ
ѩĬãŵԭˣѹȫ綼Ѱҵǡ
㷴Ӧûף̫ʷ̾˿͵Ԥԣڽų֣ǸսܣʺһΪ಻ΪһڴܹһΪµϵ֮λӣ
۾գգӦˣԣȫ¶ҵǣΪõǳΪ֮ΪõλȺȥ֮ݣ
ƽ³صصͷ
㡰˻һֱ۵ļƤܸоǺΣգϣҪǵǡ
ƽ°οδӦ٣һжδ֪
лЦʦ㼪ԡ

ƹУɫ
ҹߵᡣһ󾪷䣬Եùɭɭ
΢͹Ϣ۴ʱſ
ȴʱ򣬹ϢȤûôй
΢ʼ磺ӲڹȻƵᣬҿɲС
ϢԣЦЩɫȷ
΢˼Ƭ̣߳ɿܡ
ܸˡϢͣһģɫԽҹĶްʵȷţ
΢ʱɫЩɿܡ
Ŀ£ǶĿõġ
ϢЦֻɣȴ
΢ƳһۣʦҲ˭ء
ϢҡͷЦǱף˳졣
̸Ц䣬䣬˱Ϣ
λĵɹ̸Цɫ䣬Ѿת˸䡣
ʱѲĺܣս
С
΢͹ϢĿԣоǳɫ
λվ۷ĵɹͬʱɵŵģߵһ
ٿȻƱ£ֲָ
֮쳹ʡ
УȻѿһĺڶɢź˵ѹ
΢üͷʮָһηѾƴ
ϢĬס˳е󷨡
Դʱ̣ڶͻȻ󣬴һӰ
΢ؾҪȥȴﵽԷʱǿס֡
Ϣ¶ɻ΢ŵСģ
Ӻڶе˱Դǰ˼Ӻɫв֪ʲô
Ϣ˸ָ֮ȼһػ棬˿̵ĺڰ
ʱǲŷ֣ӶԷɫľһͷ
µǣͷȻᶯԼƯת˸棬Ŀԡ
źɫժ¶ñ΢ֿ˿ԵͷѸײڶ֮һ̻ͷεʦϺð
ָԼŵͷҴӹܳĹʡ
΢


46 ػ˼
΢дš㿴𡱡
ƽ, ˪
ȷʵе㳶
ԭĵؽǣĵزҪ
뿪˼ʮ죬ڹҲܴл֪Ϣ, ׻Ǹһ㣬֪˼¹γһͬˡ
̴죬˭뵽һײԼʦײһԹֵͷ໥ᡣ
һΡ
˪һԴ, ƽֱۼ, Ըƫûûţ޲һҧȥ
ƽȴӽгһɫ˪Դ, öñԵ˪һͷȥô졣
ϢζǰԲ΢ǹŵӣ
ƽʶǰ, ΢, ܵɢŵȴǿѹ
ɹ顣
һɹ顣
ƽһ˼, Ͷ˺š
΢΢ףƽϢ
ϢĿ¶ȤŶǻδ, ֪ң
ƽ°˴ɹܣռģҼҩʥ͹Ϣħδļ, ѹǿ󣬵ħ, ħ, ֻпԺλµԺ
ϢһЦ, ʯͷ΢ŵӣ²ǰ̫µ춼ˣô˵
΢ûƳ˹Ϣһֿۣƽ
Σƽˡ
ɿ˪˪ڿǳ˴˸к
ƽ͵ʱ䣬λǰҡ
˪ĬĬһرϹ
ڸϢұڹûб޷֡ǰãԽӵܴ֣ܴλǰİƭڹſ˲䴳˹˳
΢Ŀ¶ɣƽ˪תһȦ
˱鶼Ǻ
΢̽λγƺ
˪䵭زҴҽʦɡ
ϢָߵԼ弸£΢дӦԣڲ£ʱȸá
ƽ֪˵ĴСѵǹ
Ϣüҹɫʵѵǣ
ƽһεǵĹſ󣬹ٹҹεĻͲˡǴӹӳʱ򡭡˳ס˹ţŷȻֵ˹̫ʱ䣬Ӧ֧ŵйرˡ
ƽ΢ڵҹס۵׵ĵЦ
οſܴ
˹֮Уջ񣬱ջܴ
΢͹ϢһĬ
Ƭ̺󣬹Ϣתͷȥʶ̲סЦ˳
΢Цþͷˣãð߳Ա񣬻еź
ƽԼģЩϧ
ػ۷ΪŶ̶ʮ죬ʵڲ񫡣
ǵüӿٶˡ
ڵΪ򲻿ܴ
ˣ˪˪һ󺮲
̸ЦĹ΢˸£ûϸʡ
ƽָ˷򣺡ڳ㣬ȥǰɡ
ƽıӰǺ󣬹Ϣŵȷ
΢Űɫ˼ԭֻ߷ȷ˾ŷ֡
֪ƽʱΪԼʱ䲻ĵѾ·һˡ
΢ԫʼû̫ӦЩɣѵжϴˣԤָ˲ƽ
ۿƽس˹ܹ֤ʵԼ뷨
ƣǳߣ˳Ծˡ
ϢĲգʵһأ
΢ĮȻ͵ÿ΢ԫ֤ʵˡ
ϢЦһԷųԤԺ΢ԫȫ·ɽŲ½ϲκһ΢ԫߣԤԣȴʵʵڵĽ˴ĵľ棬ò˵˾һֺ塣
΢һٶ㣬ܶãҾͲţСɽᣬ˾ԫ׿֤ʵʱ䣬΢ԫܼŲ
Ϣƽȥķ򣺡õߵ¡ʵôãŵӣױĽɫ
΢ӣһ治ͽܡ
Ϣ΢ǧѵһĻпǵǵ˾ߣˮ¥̨ȵ£㵱治Ķ
΢Ƭ̣ȴֳһЦʣأΪĵĹϢԺ㲻Ķ
Ϣ֮ǰ𣿡
񽻴Ȼ
΢Щˣ˼£ûŪã԰ѷڰˣһͷ˿ҵɢ󣬾һ˲ħϡ
ãһ£⼸λòǼλδһ̷ɹǵĿӣи
һ̻ΪǼλжա
ڣУҲǰա
һǾ仰ҪҲòһˡ
΢ѵЦЦܹ飬Ҳǵһζ졣

бҹѹ롣
һȺ˵ȴ
̫ʷԭȥôһ㷴ӦûУ¹γղһ۵ѣȷƹеת˾𣿡
˼û˻Ӧº۵ļ򣬺۲Ȼ񣬴ͼ̧ͷǳȷ
ۿƹǸ֪󷨣ʮŴƺ󣬾תΪ˾
֮以תǲܣ̫֮ΪҲֻһЩͨõ֮以Ƶת
ʶ󷨣Ǿ󣬶֮ѰʦһܶҪƵν졣
ؼǡ
ƵƬ۾βָžѹ÷ıͼɢе𺳡
Ƴˡ
Ǹ󷨣䲻֪ƣƽἰĽ˼·Ƶ󷨵á
ΪǸЧ󣬱ϾƷֲҲӵЧ
һķƺ󷨵ЧԶֹꡣ
Ὣе˵ĻǴ.гû.޷ڶ棬󷨶ʱʧع鵽.ǳΡ
ƹ󷨣ȴǻǱ˲䣬¹עһµԭ.֮С
޷ȷǣ¾ǻ꣬Ƕᡣ
Ǻߡ۲룬һµĴ󣬾˶ˣ־˶೤ʱ䡣
зɿţӺʱ𣬹ſƵʱߵġ
һ˼ͷ
ѵǹΪƻԭȶ󷨶ģ
ˣһеĹǲ֪ʲô飿
һԵ˿̶̵֪ʱڣѾǵ߰˲֮顣
۵Ļڳ˶Щ󷢺
ġͼϸպúοһصǰԶŴ
˷׷ȥǵȺһҹĳſˡ
žͷһҹɫΪһӰ
߶ĿںҹҲӰһ۾Ϳˣӳл̤ҹǺˡ
ۺһϣһġ
һĹߵһȺ˶ȥ
ƽ·ɿشڵƽߣΪȣô̵ľ룬ȻǰȥĽ綼εƽϣЩ˪ݵĶñε
ƽæ˪öñһ̾ӭƽ·˹ӵ
޵ȣ㡣
һ§ڻƽŬ̧ͷʶԼ.󣬲ǰԭˡ
ǿƽ¼ѣƬ̺ƽҲǷֱסƽ£
ʦ㣬û£һˡ
ƽ´߽ۿЩ죬һ̿޵ģƽЩͷۡ
룬һ䡰ޡߣĿڳˣҲһ
ƽ˰죬ỹǵˡ
ʦãҾ֪û
˪һߣ۾ƽ§ƽ֡
ʲô
ôһԲͱˣ
§§ɺͳ
˪ķĵҺʱǧط꣬Ҳûб
ƽ£ԼƽһͬޱȵһȺˣĵ⵽Щʲô˰
ƽ㱧ƽݺ㷢һһһӿϣһȺųһţæ߰رһ
ƽм䣬ö
ӵӵ˸ȴһŵʣ̫ʷੲݵĻһĳϸʦãӭԿ𣿡
ҲҹɫȺ϶ѩ۽ǻһᡣ
ǵ׹ڵϣûûǻһ飬һֱ䵽ǵĽűߡ
Ȼţԭᡣ
ԭĻص˼䡣


47 ֮
Ϊǰ΢ɽϴһ·ǰʵ̫, Ӹƹȵ΢ɽĺ̰ȶˡ
գһȺ˾µĵ崣㵽΢ɽ¡
΢ɽλݽ֮, Ⱥɽ࣬ռؼ㣬һͷ
ɽգ߶棬ӵͷ, ֻܿͷƶ, ݡ
ĵǿλȺɽе߷֮ϣ, ֱܸܵͨ
ɽ֮ϣ֮, һ޴϶Ȼѿ, ŨԴԴϵش϶֮йġ
ڵ, ɽۣ, Ψ϶ø
̤㵽΢ɽʱŲͣˣٻع, ŻȻԼղžۣȫָ֮, һ˲ʧ
̫ʷ֪ʱ˰ɽǵ, һѼ򵥵İ׵īɽȿȥ˼ֻ
̾ǵǰɽѰɡ
΢΢ͷ, ԺྭһѧЩʷҲ
ţһǧǰĲĩʱȫµ߶޲ߣֻԴУ˾ʱǰƸ۾ɽ١
ۿǵѣʱգķ羭òĴ档
ƽ£ǰʱɵѲֹһǱǰƿѡ
иСѷɢ΢ɽΧѲЩѣÿ΢ɽפصŵ񡣡
˵Щ˴ĽŽĴĩʱľнȳǰ壬ʧܣһǰ·
ѩ̲ѣϹʱ˫赣˲ҵ̬ӡʵ̾
˵ţƽ´ͷѹԱ⡣
ƽվԱߣ治ɫظһԼ
˪ڶñòŵƳ
ƽ֪ʲô̯֣͵ϰһ£챻£ࡣ
˪겻㻹ôҪ
ƽ׵ЦʮƽؽѵĿޡ
ͻȻо¶˶һСֽƬ¶̽ͷĻʮ鶯קƽ½һ·ļ
طִ̫٣˪ǵһݣʲô
ƽ񵽵һСܡ
һ۵ݣý뵽΢ɽں󣬶ԷϵʸкɫƺʻˣȻԭֽʵĿƤʸУ¶ȣһʵˡ
һӷƽȻ֪ʲô
ܷԭԽܿȥͻԽʵ
ƽζشӵŲ
̫Сܵı⸽
ָʹԼߵʹߣǲҲ⸽
ֽƬݻȻԼѾ¶һ룬е㷳ա
ȻſܿɽʱѾ֪Ŀĵ΢ɽ
ھ͵ˣǶԣ̫˵㡣
֮ǰݶܱ¶ǳΣա
ĵ£ĿǰʿҲ˰ʱ䡣
ضԶ
ƽµ΢ɽϴҪ߽ϴ
ΧһصĽδҪ΢ɽһִפֱܽȥϴÿµ΢ɽĵӶҪе񡣡
˵ƽ³üЩء
Ǻˣ΢ɽؼ£Ҫѧλá
ʱûƽµ˼

΢ɽؽ㣬ֻ໷ȺɽɽŴµĳǳغӵĴᡣ
ɽϵʱפصǶڳϢפ΢ɽһ֣ÿţö֮Ϊ˷ϢŶ΢ɽµĳרԼŵפء
˴λÿ궼ǰΰݣûЩפصʿɽ¸ǳصĿջҲǱ
΢ɽƣϡͬɾ
ɽȷʵ紨ˮһɷ
ûǣŵխһ˾ͺһ˸·ꡣ
Էδ
纮ҹˮ庮ǣˣһǡ
̫ʷ˼ܺ⣬һһפ΢ɽģǽ󡣡
ͽ콣
һλɹĽҲǽеӵĽ
˵ĹĽȻ£ڵȻķ
ڵϲţ۲򾪷ڼ˽˺󣬻ΪظԷ
ͬʱͣǿڣǿխ޷н롣
سǵСɹٷѡ
󿴿ҿܺͽͬΪţǴһĴţƺĸУһߡ
Сɹ˽սţ֪Ǻʱ⣬Ӽ˲䣬վͽӲ
ƽƳ۽ˣδѳʡ
ʱƳϣתȶȴͶգ۶飬ڽ֮䡣
̼䣬ˮ麮⣬һǡСƽѾ˽ĶС
ɵˣǱû¶ˣԼɱ˶Է
СݺڽʣʱĿѻʱɽ󣬽ƽ°Χ
ƽ²˷ֽƳһߣֱӸ˽ɵĽ
һǡб
һ˲ĹƽѾͽ˽ٸأĿϾӡ
ⳡսⲻ˵Թۡ
ǵľտĽܺͽ֮Ƿ϶
۷׷ףȺȴս
ѹ߷һЦòƵѽн棬һ⽣ʵڽ
仰սˡ
ƽ˿ֽ͵ѹˣ͵ѵ콣Ҳ¯࣬Ϊͽʦ֡
ƽȺ˽һϤӰ
ԷüȻµʱ䣬ƺЩԵøӸͦΣ߼䣬Ѿľ߽֮硣
Ϫ
ڿ֮УΨһһܣͶˡ
ܵƽĿ⣬Ϫ̧ƽʱ£ȻЩȣӦųƽ⡣
سɹٵУƽºͽʦּȻʼһЩ
뽣λС
Уҵ󡣡
ô˼뽣С
ʱ̣λѴΪ崣Ϣĺá
ԭʮ𾢣аڴŴ
ȴû뵽ֻһĽ涷ⳡʱĶ⣬ŵĵ֮䲻ûԣǳ
ƽΪƽºͽϵû뵽һǣƽ¾ץһȺ˷ɿظϵܵפأ·
ִӵʱǧѡˣס𣿡
˵ͷʵΪΣ
ƽˮҧгݣȺҪĽޣ̣
Ⱥޣֱ޳սפǾˡ
ˣ
ʦ㣬ǲˣҲǽޡ
л˵


48 һľ
פڳпλ, ռ˲Сһطׯӣֵַʱ, ܵӶڴ˴Ϣ
ƽһںȴׯＸûˣֻмɨׯ޼ֲʽһû
ƽ´Ǵǰֲֵ΢ɽʤ, һֵʱ䲢, ֮࣬˶ڷ籩ץʱУƽٻ, 뿪λþͱ˸ˡ

ƽ̽Ҫô
ʱǶƽ¿С̡»û֪
ڶҪȥפ, ƽŽеĹ, ڳ˹䡣
ﶼȴ̽Ҳϰߡ
˪֪ʲô, һȥ
ҹеƻ硣
΢ɽµ⼸, ûзˣסŲɢޡ
ƽڳתһȦΪȵط֣Ҷô, ﶼҶŵꡣ
治ɫ߽ҶѲһȦ, Ϊ΢ɽһĽ, ȫŨڵĵط, вԵüҩݣﶼС
ڿǴҶеСǮɨһҶֱ뿪˪һȥ˳һҲݡ
΢ɽνУһЩʿͲסӣĲ¥ͳܻӭȥ
ƽûܵĵ˪һɫ磬ȥۡ
¥ҳƧż䣬ƽȴ˲¥̨ϰڷһСɵľ
ľһ߰񣬵̲㾫£ֻԼ̵Ǹˣ봹·˼
ľڷŵĵطҲнǷڲһ¥Ĺ̨ϣȴǱֱյ⣬ϱͨӯΪӯ֮ء
ݱһľ֮أǴۡ
ľΧƲõ͵ʵһ󹹽ɵĵȻǼ򵥵İڷš
ǹ
ƽ¥ĽŲסľ˺һŵе˷üĿ·ȴأرֻܵľŨϢ˲
˪ȥеȴ·ľϰΪѾڹ̨ϰڷ˲̵ʱ䡣
ƽֱӵĿ˲ϰ⣬ϰ´һƽˣȻλѣ΢ɽɣ
ƽɫȷʵǸϰôģ
ϰһЦľ΢ɽ򼸺Ҽһţһλȥûһǳ˵ء
ƽЦ£ϰ壬ľϵ̵ǺҲΪαڴˣ
ϰ²ŵûľ񣬵֮ˣһ֪
ƽ˼Ŷ
ϰָϣص֪ɣḷ̌ڸǲϵˣҲƵɴˡ
ƽ£治ɫ̾ԭˣλˣлϰ󡣡
¶⣬ʵֻǣ˵΢ɽҼһУȴǲ֪΢ɽˣΪҪ񣿡
ϰЦ£Ϊ£Ȼϣλܴӡ
ƽݸһЦˣϰ壬Ҳһ׻ڼУѰӡ
ϰæѿɲ˵
ȴ£׵ĺϰ֣صǹȻҪĳϣҲԼ̲źá
﹩ģԼġϰ岻˼Ц£ΪãҲã̶ֻȡʹ˵ˣĳϱȵľ³̶Ҫ黳ֻҪĳϣɴܸܵġ
ϰ廹ĵңΪ£ҲǿĲôֻľʯΪϣΪЩģϣֱʯϵ̵ġ
ƽ۵̧ʱһãȻֺɫ
Ҳ֪λ˵ݣƳĵأ
ϰ˼£ҵһȰɣÿ궼ʹʱʹᴫڸطҲ൹ʱˡ
ƽϰ΢΢Ƿлһ裬ڶ¥Ƨżһ󣬷ֹǵ̸
˪أ̬ԤϵĻҪء
ǧǰֻ÷ӡȡĵ񣬾Ȼֱַʽƭȡʿ
ƽԼ裬Ҷڱи˵ֹˡ
̧۵׵ɫ˪һ˲λǧǰǳ֮ʱƽģ
ƽֻҪ֮ʵѾˡ⼸꣬ڴĵλȻܽޣʿΨгΪʹΨеɵ㻯ܷɵĹѾġ
ȿԲѴ֮ͻôĵ֮ΪҪһ٣
˪ͫһ˵
ƽһɣľбá
Ӷ¥żĴ򳤽֡
ʿϢҼһƻͨ
ϰ˵ûɽ£ÿÿĵ
ƽüģôҲµһˣʷԺգôһǧɹƭ͵¶˸顣
˪òҪ
ƽתͷĿ⣺˭֪ʲôĺֲɵ
ⲻҪһϾӣȥ͵һ
˪Ц˰ҲûסЦҲн죡
Цղŵ飬ȴüͷɵղϰ˵˶ãʹ߾ͻǰ˵أΣգֱӳǰ᲻ᱩ¶
˼󲻾ãƽ̹Լ.΢ݡ
Ҳ˵߻иԶڶ㡣
ƽƽ˿裬ѩһƵɱ⡣
˵Ҳɡ
Ǹðݵˡ

һ磬ƽ´ܵһȺȥ˳һá
ʱ峿øտǰΪ
ƽ磬ռ˸õطһ¥Уһĸ޴վѾ½½˳֡
һȥ˾ͱ𺳵ˡ
ľذ¥ǽڡ
ƽ£ÿһľƱ󣬶һ񡣡
΢ɽפصΪ㣬ξɨѲߵ񡣡
ƽԳѵѵŨǾѵҲͬѵ̶Ȳͬ΢ɽ֮˵ԽߴѵԽŨѸп°빦вٵ΢ɽֵذ꣬ΪһС磬ߣֱһ󾳽ġ
ƽֵǱѡ񣬾Ҫӷ籩ڵ񣬷籩Σּ̫ջЩ˷ʱ䡣
ʮĵظʦʦǽееԽԽꡣ
ֱһ̫Ծƽߣһ죬˵ʶ
˲䣬⣬ͷβʿȫＷ
һĽǶɱ۾
ʱǴͽȺ޾ӵ˸
󽫵¥˶ֱ֣ʮְԵҪһľȫռ
ƽһǣǻ編ƣ
һ˳ȥ
Ҳ׷׵ǽĪҪ̫
˱ȥƽ˵ʲô˼
˵ʱʱ죬һȺ޻սһŵʱûʶԼºʱһ̣ĬĬС
ƽͷɽ˺Զĺۡ
ָ㣬һ
е˶оޱȳٻԶ
ղռȻĽˣͬоһ˵ЩǴӰ
һЦ㣬ֱϣۼҪժµ¥ĵһöơ
Цݻû֣ͼԼⲻ֪ʱ˼ǳīɫٿȻ£
ƽЦߣһŷ˲ͣɫķȼɻҽ
һīɫƾճ֣˶УϺĳһһ£ýе˶ס
۱ˡ
֡ǧɽ
ƽһȺܵӣͥŲ¥ֱժȡǰۺļƣһЦλãһ
䣬īɫȻʧ
һȺܵӣѲԭء
л˵


49 
ֱѿʱ, ƽ»˷ܡ
ʹ죬ǰĽѹƣõһѿڵƶȥ, ûôʹˣ
ƽ۾ģʦãкʺ񡣡
ƽƳһĺۣЦҲǺ۵ѵϵúá
ۣ

ƽ¶΢ɽдССѽǧȻ䵱ĺõطҲ, ѱǸΣյĵط
ɽǸѿ, ⣬޾գǲֹĵķ籩, ǲѣмǣҪ, ϻָǻص, ߶, ǾͻʧУٻزˡ
һ˵, ƽ´ǵ̨
̨ߣ߿庮ǣ̲ס˸ս
̫ʷͱһӷ磬Ŷһɫѿ, ʦ㣬ʲô, ȴֲȫͬ
⴦ѿںԶ, ƺĳʼղϵسײ, ɫΣĿռ䶼ңƺֱĳסڳײġ
˳ָķȥۿȥˡ
Ǹѿڣһɫװӳڰϥѿںϵм䣬ǹɿԵײԼ
ƽƳ۾֪Է˭
ǰǲҪӷ籩ڵ񣬷籩ѵı֣еķ籩ͨЩ籩ڹעΪδԪӤֻڷ籩Χ޷С
Ƿ籩ڡ
ɨԷ˵ǽСʦ壬Ӧ֡
л˼գ÷ס
̫ʷһãԭ
÷ǽеδϰ콣ˣϰ֮Դˮȡˮ֮⣬ֽҪ⼫Ϊףñھ·ܽɡ
ƽ˸ս⣺΢ɽǸˣ˲ѡķ籩⣬ڷ籩
л̾潣ա
̫ʷ̾˲̨æͳһæʼ·ƽԡ
˺̫ʷѾʼϮҵʱ̲ʷ
̫ʷͷҲ̧±ʣ𿪣ˣʱҵġķӢ־İư겻ɣɰͷ˰
Ц̫ʷӢ־ﶼ˭ܲܰ
̫ʷԼʵʵ̧Ӣ־ĵһλȻǰˡ
һɨЦһȺģ̸ʲôӢۣҰд
ɨܲӡǸ⡣
̫ʷŲӣ޵Ҽҿֵģôӡ
ѿڴڸ߿գִפĸɵҲȫǽ𵤾ϣ˶ܹնСˣ΢ɽľɽϽ˺̨ܶ𵤾޷նеʿ̨ܹѡ
ƽɨƣõҲǫ̈̄ڣͽ̨ˣԼ˸Ҫפص
ƽ»ӻ֣뿪̨ǰԼ㡣
һתͱ׽ס
ƽײѩǣˡ𣿡
ƽ۲΢û뵽Լơ
ѩʹˣǿжɽٽᵤδȶ򣬻.ôʱ䣬ġɵ𣿡
ƽ̧͸ƵѩпʼģæԸ˵Ҷǡ
ĳɵˡ
ƽβṴ΢Цһֹ¡
ҵúܣҲ׶ϵġ
쵤ϸѾɢǿŽȷȷʵʵĴʵȴƵϸУɢȡ
ǳ֮ơ
ѩԣŷЩƽ뿪ıӰƷζһƽĻüͷ
׶ϣϧǾô·
һգֵõ£ѵĻ
ѩ롣

ƽƵλЩλø߹΢ɽĴɽͷֻʣڵ壬̧ͷʱܿƵ֦Ҷ
ɡɽ嶼С
䱻ƲڸǣҲܿóҶǺǳĽɫס
ƽü΢ҶӵɫǸ·ĲСһ
ԭǿ˱Ƶģԭɫ
ƽһμģ
ʱĵ֮С۳̣֦źڣ޵֣ݻҶֻʣЩ飬ûɵع棬ȥͺֿ
ʱͻƵɹ飬Լ֮ıϣʶԣʼ䣬̽Ѱࡣ
ع⳾Уز˴㣬ĴҪҵС
Ǹľڳʱع⳾ҲĬˣһⲽãģĻо𣿡
ƽβָݻƵҶӣֻоһ˿ϸ΢֮ⱻǣѲá
ĬƬ̣ٸ̧вЩ΢⣺ܵ԰ɡ
ع⳾۲΢ȴԥһû
ƽ˵ʲôЦҴʱҵ״²ǱľͷҪ⡣
ڲǻġ
ع⳾£۹׼
Ҳûֹ
ǴؿľڴתһȦҵ΢ɽʱɽ֡
ֻɽλԴ֮ݽߡĩ·ĴǸѵõĺõط
ʱɽҲߵı֮أϾҲʣʺеĵطˡ
ˣҪһľҲעĿ
ƽְ£Ķذָɽһ꣬ͷѪιһؿľ˸Щԣż֦Ҷӹסָ
þûôƵֻǸһˣõʱµһ˵ͷѪιţϣػĴһϣ
ع⳾Сľͷϲ˸󣬱ᱻ˷֣ܹаȻ
֮ɵĿĳ¶ͬɵڷаʱȥСľͷ
û뵽ǧ֮ĳɳΪĵ
ƽĿЩԶһЦ
ع⳾۹⣬Ǻ׼
ܵפ㣬һֽƬƺܵʲô֧ŴƽһԵ¶˳
˪ƽоҽüͷͼҵһ컯Ҳܽƽ.ϸԭķԼ˼άУһ̧ͿһֽƬԼǰιȥ
˪⼸ƽ߿ֽƬܣΪƽԼĿܷû룬ʱϸϸ󣬲ʶԡ
Ĺʲôʱôˣ
ݣ
̲סڣĻĺܲ𣿡
˪صͷ
ݵͷĬһ˪ЩǲǱԼˡ
תۼ䣬ͼǰһɰֽ̣ƬȼմʧӰ١
ͬʱפѵʿܵһڶʥɢ
ƽѴƽ۾ͷȥ
ԭͽӲӵ˿̷·ˣ綯֦Ҷд죬ͬ
΢ɽеʿ¶ϲˣ죬Щ⣬м棡
һǳ֣Ʈҡƽߣסǹסָ˸кƵģ塣
ƽȣȴϢ

ٵⷽΪ֮
Ҳֻڻ档
滩ϸΧһι̵ıݣӯ˲ý𵤺ʵı仯
ƽƽ۾΢ɵϹ⡣
һ˲䣬о鶼򵥵ԭʼĹϤС
ָоһţٶȻӯ塣
ãƽʱѾҹ
¶Ŀ
ƽ͸ӣԭǿнᵤγɵö𵤸ӻԲϾ̲һϹ⡣
̫Ӵ󣬶ʱ޷꣬ˣҲһԾС硣
ƽɽ۰׽ɫЦԭ㻹ϵҡ
Ƶ֦ҶٴҡҷڻӦ
ƣسʱײڷ籩Ľ÷ס
÷ױ뻳ŵȥһûжˡ
ƽӷ籩ڲ磬Ȼֹü
Ũҵķ籩ɫϵڴĵĽ֮⣬Ǽ˺ѵĿռ䣬ܿ籩Ŀ¡
ƽһ۷籩ڡ
֪ΪΣܵһɼϤ
ʱ֪Ӱ죬Ҫöࡣ
˲䣬ĸյ˸١
λɹͬʱԾķĿ
飬ѵǳˣ


50 ʵѱ
Ϣƿ, һ꾪ɫ䡣
λµԺԺУǳ˶ݻʳǡ
ûڻʳǵҲ, Ͼ˭֪ԺѧԺҵвٶ볯ãΪ˶ݸɹ٣ϢԸ, ʳ˳һʦ, Ҳ
ԴƳƹ󷨵ô󣬹Ϣʼڸߡ
Ϊ̶ȣҪ߱, Ҳһͷѡ
ʱ߱˴ģѭֹȡĿ˵ĵطȥԽ, Խ̬ӡ
ʱ, Ϣһͼ, ö޲
Ϣ΢ͷ, ѭŴ⿴ȥ
Ӷݻʳǿ΢ɽģһɹԣ¡
Ϣһۣ͸Զɽˮ, ֱ΢ɽɢ
ӽɫ֦Ҷҡҷʿԭش, ֶ, Ե
ϢջĿ, ૣСǡ
ãЦһ΢ҿΣ׼׼ˡ
԰գϢŲ̤б΢꣬һײɵСתۼѾʧԭء

ݣһ۵ɽꡣ
īŮŶ룬֮أûɵڴϣɫЩףƺѾϵ˭һģ
ŮüһĨɫӡۣһ˫ӥӹҵģӣһԪӤС㡣
ô˵ȴ첽ǰһڶԷģȵ룬Էɫ΢ÿЩ
΢ްɢʮֱֲһͷϣط㣬Ҳ
ܵüһĻᾪ˵
΢磬λɹϣ˽֪
֮Եĳϸһ˵ˡ
;С֪ߵλܣоԹǲݵġ
˭뵽֮仹ʷѵ̬
΢˼һöҩЩѪɫʵǶ𣿡
Щ£ϸгһСԲˣӦþ˵ɺˡ
Ұ˵ģھдһٵϸöɺڼٵϸУ޷ͨϸӰ쵽ңʱûʲô
΢ۣǾͺãңϷݡ
緭˸ۣûһ⡣
΢ϸһ˺Ѱʹۣ治ɫˡ
۵ܣ˵Щɹѽһ꣬δ˵ǵķǶԵġ
¾ֹһɹϷһɣҲͬľֻǲ֪νġ
īҹԼǰչأɴӴҲг⡣
ü£üĳɫӡǶЩŤ챳λ˴ı£㻯ЦͰգҸŴĵĽֱӶԵɹ鶯֡
΢ѿɫǵǿаɺˣصƣÿ¶Ҫôһ⣬βˣ
ʵڲţҰ׼ĥһʱ䣬ҩʥ취
΢棬ͷ۵ɱ˵ˡ
ҩʥأɹˣҲµûֻɺӰģ浽Ҫѵһ죬׼Լѱ
һûһţ΢⼸һεΪʧͲʹҲôѰ
˵ţͬʱһ٣򶫱ȥ
Ƭ̺󣬻ཻ
硣
΢ȿڡ
촽û΢ڣѾ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
Ϊʧʱ䣬㻤ס΢ͽ԰ɣ
õ΢ļͷˣܵĿʦǿǿҲҰͽܡ
ĿǵǣҪҪ֮λӣ
΢Цݲ԰ףĿȴҼᶨ
Ǹλоһ㣬ֻõǱܵ£ֻܴ֮ͺˣ
΢ҡͷЦЦô򵥡
˵ţлһ˿⣬赭д飬֤ȷʵˣЩˣҪסˡ
ڰ֣֪ˣһĵ
΢Ц
ıӰ
߳ţ˿оԹ޵С

ƽسʱҹлֵúܣĴ۽֮¡
ûжֱͣפأȴھפֵĵطһϤӰ
ѩһȺ˵סƺڱΪѡ
ƽͷһӷᣬŶԷ
Щ˶Է˵Ļ
үѾã
ƽվԶ仰΢΢תҹսӰ
룬ѩӦñԸʱײ
¹ѩ϶һףĵѩ
ֻƽδѩô
ޱǾ³ƫ䣬֪꣬һůġ
ǲţݲNҲűأڲݺе֣ݵ֮
ѩڸյʱͱʹٴΣǷˡ
ʸڷϣԼ޸ĸһɽҰ¶
˼֣ƽ֪ǲŵġ
ڿȻˡ
ֻû뵽ѩλصĴδ¶Ĵү
ãѩ䳹Ŀһ˿Ц
ѺҶϾϵΡ
һ伥ԣ뿪ȱٴεүڼϣҲС㣬ˡ
ƽڽֽǣؽѩʹ۵ס
̾һţԵֻʺûĵˡ
縵
ѩ̫װ̫£ģѹԼ
ƫƫɼ
ѩȭͷ߬ǽڼףӲ뿪֡
ҹɫš
ѩһشפʱѩѾʰκ
ƽûἰҹ֮£һžһֵΧһл
лεѣ˵ڹΪչˣܰȫ
ͽ磬ǰͬйһ·̣Ҳһ¹γǵľ䣬Щˡ
վԣƽĿ֮ԱԼֻĿ΢΢ƿûƽ
ʵ¹⣬Ѿ
ӯΪ档
ǵﵽ
㹻ˡ
΢΢򴽣ѹסͷӿϲûбֳ
ƽŶˮĿޣĿΪؿݡ
һߣõΪڵغ޲óŤȥ
ݰ׽ɫĳȥ˻£ԵѩԾ
ⷢ˿ƽ˰һ˿ɻ
ܣͷ˹ͷԵظһ·
ûж⣬಻֪·
ԭΪ˹ܱ뿪ٻȥȴûУֽƬ˵̬һֱʵʵشԼߡ
ֱգͻȻ»ͣģȥźһ
Ϊչˣ
ƽüûԼֽƬţжչˡ
ƽĿŵݣͷһЩȤ
ܣʲô·Ҫʲô


51 
ƽЦ, ǳҪӦĸлѿˣͬΪţ⻥Ӧ, Ӧõġ
Ŀڵݺƽɨһֹһ˻ȥ
ȷʵ棬ΪʲôǰͷͻȻעΪһǵ¹γǡ
˵ǰλεûйϵ, ǲŵġ
֮, ֱ»ǲҪʳڵĺá
лʹ뿪
˼߳פصԺ, ȴֵûиתͷһŷֵҲû, ֻǽŲ⻺, ··ǧ, һԵ÷
Щ֣ĵû˰ô·߲ˡ
ƽŵݵӰһ, Щ£뵥͵ģ֪񣿡
ݵվֱӣŲҲ, Ҳˣɿ߻, æ, ҷ, ȥ˵
ı֣Ժ˶Ŀ
̫ʷãѴһϸ죬¶һ˫۾̽ͷ̽ԵţѾͳһӺͱʣ׼Щʲô
лվڴߣҵΪʲôҪ¡
ô˵ȴܳʵİڴߣ̫ʷһǽǣȥ㣬㼷ˡ
°͵ŵѩ粢磬һײѩʾ
ѩȴЩû񣬵Ȼȥˡ
𲻽⿴ȥȴֻ׽ѩЩƣıӰ
ҹɫ£УƽĲպ
ŵ߳ͥԺԺţ˼Ҫǽǵһ
ԺһȺ궯̱ذȥ
̫ʷô֪Ҵʲô
ƽţݸʱʱ̽ͷҪһı飬ʲô
һͻȻ֣ǰȥķ΢ɽۡ
գգ۾˰죬Լƺûʲô¶ĵط
Ӧáֻɺϰɣ
ɫϴ϶˪
ƽ䣬Ƴ˵߹ĵط
ľҡ֪ʱ˲Ұڵݾչ֦Ҷ
ƽһж۵ס
չ΢ɽȫУõܸоԼϵ̡
ܸ֮ܵһϸ΢ı仯
Ǹط
ƽתԼ͸¶ЩŵĵݣʵŻûпλѣǸֽĿܡ
һԲͷվǰ׽ɫĳǰöӳ۵ײصüıɫ
ƽźۼʵǰЩڹ򣬵飬Ҳ㲻µ֪ûж⣬ȲԸ˵ԼҲ׷ˡ
ˣˣ㲻Ը̹ԣȴҲ޷ߡ
û˵꣬Ȼ̧ͷû̫仯۵׵Ľ֮ȴԱ
ߡ
ŴĿתضҵġһβܰҲռطǰһֽƬҷ¶ͺá
ƽüĿ¶ɡ
ݼЩɶҺܺģóԺȣֻҪɹɹ̫ˣܳͺˡ
׽ɫĽ˲СĵؿƽίصҲܸ㣬Ϊġ
ܲܡߡ
ƽûзӦ˰죬һÿ
뵽ƽѩһǰһصסģұǸ˺ÿ
ƽȻƬ̺ʧЦ
ĿڵתһȦͷЦȷʵÿ
ô˵ȸԾЩűҡҷҰݣٿȻ˼仨
ƽƳĻβ𣬿һݵİ׽ɫ
˳ָмã»֯ɵĽУɢŶһ޶ĻԹ⡣
·Ѱ̸㣬ֵôÿͷ𣿡
ݱͻȻ£ܽܿƽϵë
ã˿̹ŵĲķ˿ǡǱʲô
ݲ֪ʲôĸܡ
ӵġ
£̹׵ʵżҲɫʱ򡣡
ƽ̧٣ָڵݼͷߵ˼£ã֪ˡ
Ϊ˵Ƿɫ׷ʵҡ
ǲǿˣ
ƽЦ¡
Цʱ۾һβζ㣬һشˮ
ᣬ̴ʲô
ذɣԼһ
ݻ˵Щʲôƽһ䣺˵𣿡
ʵʵػȥˡ
ȥʱҲ˵С˼
û˵ǾͬҼˡ
ûлţ·ػصƽķ䡣
ְԼһֽƬˣƽ¶۾
ƽûеɽۣδҲ޷ɽֻۣɽɽ䡣
ʵһƳļܼǵ֦Ҷɫ
׽ɫģʹ
罥¶մ¡
֪ӺδһƬҶӣƽͷָ¡
ۣҶӰڴ䣬һ׼򵥵С
ҹ׵ģع⳾˴ʣҹ׵һʧʷУûд
ʱʱ·ֵҹĵӾפ㣬Ҳ˵ֻͣȿھƣָ뿪
ҹʱƽӲŴꡣ
Ц˵
˰

գƽٶȳȥʱ¶˸ֽƬˡ
ƽû뵽ôԾֽƬ˵Դ
Σٶȶ˶ƣһȺսмĽ¥
ȴû뵽еƵݸͬźԼһƣһûԸҪġ
ƽ´սһۣʦãΪҪӷ籩ڵ񣿡
ƽûϸ˵ֻǵտСʦڷ籩Ҳԡ
䣬һӰӰ
ֻнĽգͷһ˵Ļפ㡣
ҲֻƬ̡
÷ƳһƽΪûʲôö˵ġ
Ϊڷ籩ڴˡ
ƽ֪ԼʦǸģ֪ľһԼ뷨ûֹֻǵԼģܲ˾ͻһҲûʲô
ƽ˪˵ģͽƽ˵һ޶Цˣʦ㣬ġ
û籩ڣƽѾܵһǿѹȸС
û̫ȣɽµģȥֹһΡ
Ϊ˲ıӡֹ࣬һδѷ뿪ġ
ֻͨܲɡ
ƽжΣա
Ȼжٱ
ָȼһȼһŷ
ŷεߣһͷϵ䣬һͷƮƮҡҡ͸˾ֱϵϡ
Ȼƽ¶ĵһ۾
෴Ӧƽϰ·籩ڵѹȸкһԾ¡
Ȼֱ˷籩С
תۼ䣬Ѿա


52 ջ
ٴ, ܱƽҪһЩ
ϴʱǰ£񾳣ȴֻ𵤾㴳˽
ղν
ս, 絶ķ籩͵ֱƽľ缸ҪϹ۾
ƽݵز΢΢䣬ī¡
֮, Ǻ, ؼžΨз籩
籩ΣյĶ
ƽ̧׽˷籩צӰ, ǧ˳ĳ֮֫趯Ǹܵ˻˵Ϣͣһĺ, Ϯ
Щ趯֫ɫ, ֻͷųʱܹ׽Լټ, һͷţͺЩס, ˵Ƕ֮УʶһƬɡ
硣
յĹ
ΣյĶ
৵һ´ƽ¶﷭˲仯ΪΣǻ, ǻ꣬Ǳץס, .᳹ʧе, 
, Ҫôס
Щʵ壬ǱУֻ񸽹֮ңԸ
ƽǰбɫӿ֣ЩĽǳ΢ʱҶϵһĨ⡣
Щأڴģ˿ֻһſܣҲӦһ
˿Уĵط
̧֣³ǳɫı⣬ҿԵһ졪
δ䣬һЦɵɵ
ƽק죬ûñʣ˸֪ͼ
ݾ㵵ؿԼԭΪε±ֽƬ˵ģƽۼֿһ¶
ҽգҵľǡ
յĴں棬ҪʹøҲɵ֮Уξ
û޾ķ籩ͶĵĹĻ
˼ˣ˼ɹ¶޷ӽȡޱȵĳīպһʣӺī
ʱҵԡ
īɫ꣬޷ԶԳһˮī
īɫٿȻɴٿǺɢڳ졣
£ҹμ䣬֪ϦϦ
ƽϸеĽ𵤲ϵС޵õ˼£.ܹӳǱҲѹե˼¡
𵤾ڵʵԼӵԪӤӰӡ
ĩʱĸɺԣòÿһ˿ʡãҲ㾫׼ʹ
ˣҲ˲䱻ɡ
𵤾Զ֧Ųôġ
ƽ治ɫֱӵһƿҩ̷ȥ
ָٶȸϲĵٶȣٿһ㡣
ݴ¶̽ͷĿתؿǰһĻ
Դǰļ䲢̫ȴʼռǵúܶܶǰһÿСʱֶͬΣһƬǺӡ
ٴԼŵĺ£ĬĬƽ¶ûдһƬҶӡ
׽ɫģ͸Щ֮ȴûʲôζ
ƽû̫ɣûжһ£Ҷڣֱӻ塣
ٶȳӯ˲ͻָǰĳ̶ȣƬҶγһС͵Դɺ˲䲹㡣
̼ƿҩá
ƽü۳īʲ£Էһʡ
̵ķȼ𣬻īɫ֮г̳¿
Ľ׷ȴΪһԷ֮׷ûҪ
īɫɢһӣһ£һҶҡΡ
͵һƳĳһ޶
֡ˮѹǺӡ
зУеȫұķ
ƽץסݣС֮С
īɫǺӽ趯Ļ絴ǳС̵ͬϡ
ƽδͣϸƬҶӵڣָһīһöֽ֮ٶȸ֣һȻն¡
ĻЩצĴ͵رնϣϢһ˲
˾ȵǣЩɫεĴֱնϺʵ壬׺˲ٶ࿴һۡ
ƽС֮εС۹ֳڴϣһصĹ򣬾Ѿһ
ڴ˿̣ǰƽһŽ˪նȥĻ紥ٶ
Ǳһ㣬ӿسƽϮѵ
ƽзīȻֱ󵽴ĴСīɫǺһʣһʷ·ĴŶСۣŷ籩ʻȥ
Ⱥʶƽӣ˷ƵģҲ׷ųӿȥ
˲ͽ籩ڶסһƬεǽ
ûü˵͸оһ֮ıǱʲôǣˣ᲻صקһ¡
ţɵīɫǵʲôɿǰʻȥ
ƽԱΪڼײǽ˲䣬÷īıʼݺݻǰϰսȥ
뿪ǰͶȥһۡ
ˣ֮ǰָоֳˡ
ȷʵодĳϤ
ֱʱϵŵī߲Լ֡
īϵŵһˣΡ뿰֪ΪΣ͵ҡҷ£׽ɫҶɽפصĵǶɱֵۣĶǲ̫Ƶ˵㡣
籩ںƽ÷īһ㣬ϵŵ߾ʧˡ
תͷһƬҶӵлȴֱ۾Щĳ࣬ȴ޶¶Щγ
ԲôŽ⿪ġ
ƽƫͷȥʵûסЦ˳ˣͽ⿪ˣŷϵϵģӦɣ
ݣ
ĬĬŶһһθܵ˲ǰ˵ʵıơ
ƽⷬͬϷˣоеĻ磬ӳ籩ںĴֻ׷ȻŴĵĽ޷룬ֻܺݺݵڷ籩ڣйһ㡣
һ籩ڣھ籩ϴֻ÷籩ͻȻ˺üǿȣЩηɳȥ
÷һУס͡
üͷ£ŷ籩ڿһƺҪоʲô籩Żָյӡ
һʶ˲ԡ
ĿƣղȻķ籩ζ
÷ף
һŽһץɿ
һ£ɫķȥ
ƽ¶Ƴ۵ݣʾԼ
ݱ˰죬֪ôشܲ£㶯˿±ֽƬ˽ȥ
սȥƽ˵飬Ҫܣǧܸ˪
䲻ΪʲôӦá
ֱȥʶΪʲôƽҪ˵仰
ȥƵģصפʱԺѾûˣڸ
ƽԺƽŷĻȥ
ƽص䣬û˵Ȳ˸
˪ҽ鿴һ룬ʲô֮ɻҪʲôôʵػ󣿡
ƽʾȥϢβṴ¶һЦݣܲһֱһͷΰɣ庡
˪һ¾ˣս˵ܺķңҲϣҵˣ
ƽæĲ˵ǸĺƵеĲϺΪֻǿһʱġªЩġڲøлæҵĳǣĹؼټͷеģһʱ䣬㲻ϲٻ
΢רעϵ飬ûʶԼǻкգ֪æ˶òŴЩϡ
˪ټЩԼû
ѵԼã˪ҿٵȵȵġ
ƽͷҲ̧ҵʱǵԼӹж᲻.ǶӹˣҶûʲôã.ϳ̶ϸˣá
ͳһհ׳˪ͣʣܿ죬һŮ..ͳ˳֮С
ƽƬ̣ƫͷ˪Ҫ𣿡
ԭſ¶ϸſһ;òԾæ۾¶
˪ûʲô˼ǴǸ߰϶ӵĴ򣬿Щʲôƽ´һ°ָĳطߵУͦá
ƽбۿòǾǰûҸߣ庡ϲɡ
.涼ãΨһ㣬߱ˮ̫ࡣ
Ҳƽһ;úú
˪С˼ƣЦһƽ˳ȥ
⼸ǰȫˣʱ˴ңжҲһҪš
˪Ӧѷƽ
ݺؿȴƽ׼ϵĵһȴӽͳһѿĴ֡
ϵڲţżġ
ݣ
֪Ϊʲôðѽ˪ˡ


53 ʹ
, һǧƽһ
࣬ʱǧȴҲ
ƽЩѿĴְڳһţԱضѷҪƵĲ, óǡ
ܴдӳģ󣬼ɢڸΨһ˷¼ǧʱԳ, һЩԼ޷Ԥϵı仯
ı仯һǧǰ, һܸˡ
ΪǰĹʼûһϣΪЩԳڴˡ
ϧ, ľѵ.Ϊȴңɼ
ƽЦһ̾޳
ǲ, ȴġ
ƽһСͷ, ܾ鲻ô򵥡
һǧ, һƺ̫˳ˡ
ױ, ǿܹʱһǧԱҲˡ
Ȼôɣһߺϵ.׷ɱܹ˳һǧ㡣
ͷ, ܴȻؾʹӡǡ
ѰҪı, ֻǼ궼, ΪϤϢ, ҪҪ򵥵öࡣ
ȻǲܣƽǾã̫˳ˡ
ͺ壬ⳤǣǱ˼ˣǰ׼һ
˼ȥȴҲ벻˭һ
ֻܹڣֶˡ
ȼһСػ棬Ȼ¶ȴߣضԶЩֽƬ壬»
´ŵƽûбΣֽƬ˵Ӵ¶רעؿ
ЩӣҲû͵͵ֽ˿ɽҲȴûһˮ
һС
ЩѿĴƽĻСڻɷɫճҺ塣
ЩĴѪ⣬
ƽüãֻһֿȥһЩˣ˪ҪźǼҲǿԱ
ڶһ磬һȺͬһҪȥţһȥʱֻ˱ñס˪䵭Ӱ
Լ˪ǰڷŵһѱɵơ
ƽ¾ȵǰ£ƽ֪ʱѾֱǰ˵УҪͻƣֱӱ˹ء
һȺ˿˪ĮĲգپʲʲôֻ뿪
һչؾ졣
УҲжൽ
հһȺӸսƣʱطֽճ̼ϡ١
ʱһֵӽ񣬻ھ¥зһʱ̣ȴһˡ
ֱԣץ·ʹ֪ǲ֪𣿽մҶǰģӦöڳɽ̳ǰռλء
лλ˽𣿾ȫʿǰҪλӡ
ϰô˵ƽƺʲô鵭Щ
ϰӻλ˵ģǿȫ˵ĵطдˣȻעĿ
лʱƽµ졣
ϰЦλѷӦ졣
һ㶣̫ʷ˷ܵ죿Ǹ죿
˻Щʹ̫ˣһδԭǾ˽
æ첽ϰ˵ĵطȥ˼ͬûиʹǲ𣿡
˵ãһ˵лı鶼Щڡ
ʱ̫ʷһЩ
˵пܵѡ״еλ
ƽ򣬱ǵĻɶ󣬴λλ
ɲǰλ
ȻһֱûмʹȴҲӣ֪ڵǵȤ͡ɵ
̫ʷŲһ٣˻ʵҲûʲôģǻȥЩȥãӦȡõӡ
˼ȴͳ
˵һֱ̣ܸһ̸еŮǰ棬ƳۣǸֱż˵Ȼ˵뿴
뿴ȥ¡
лɫ΢ƽý¡
ǲĿȥƽ³ֽԣƽᶨ
ȥʹҲãҲգܵüв۶ϡ
ƽ׻ĺ⣺Щԣõģһδ֮ǰܻǻס״ӵġ
һܵӶ΢
һֱ֮ܵУɽ¶ˮĻԶ࿴ƽһۡ
Ҳֻһۡ
°Ŀ˸лϡ
һ·۲˺ܾá
ȻԱӣݬ룬ڵݵĲ²⻹еס
ֵʱ䡢ص㣬˶ܶԵϡ
ǰЩ컹Ϣڿ˽˽аʦ죬΢ԫڲȷ춯
ˡ
ǣ΢ɽ֮󣬳ͻȻ飬ʿ
ּ󶼱пܣ֮һ
ʣ޷ȷһ⣬Ƕ֮У˭ǵǡ
Զüͷ΢壬ͬҪɫĳˡ
פصķƳһۣɫ΢
Թ֮£Ϳʼˡ
ܵİ̽ĵ˲ܿأûԶЩ
ɽ̳ǰˣûҪöࡣ
̫ʷһۣ²΢ɽʿˡ
ɣ벫Եģеģ󲿷ֵֶġ
߽Ӧ󣬿Ⱥ˵ϣƽ˿Ƭ۾أôѵõӣû
ƽ½һƽͻƹͷչˡ
ףĿɨܶ˳ζ˵˾䣺ǻǿϧ
ȺĵķŬŬ죬ʾǿȥ
ǴΪ߲ʵ죬е̣һƥС
ųֲƻвϷ裬ʱֵ̫ʱ򣬵ǡһбй¶н̳Ͻ˵ϣĵƽն˼ʥ
ǰˣһɫۣΨżۣѶϵ˰ŲǸͨӣش£˶飬·ɡ
ƽȴΪǰ£ߡ
ۿ϶ΣС˾
ͷЩ
ĵɹ飬ħλҲˡ
ɹ֮¾ΣڴҲѾʿѰԵüӣҲδ˾ʵ
˭뵽һμ򵥵ɳһС˾ǿߡ
˲ɰ˼⣬ʵжǿ
룬ڳˣͬҲô롣
ˣһЩ˿һ˵ı鲻ɸЩ
·ֻҪ죬ǾʹӴ;ˡ
Ͼȱ
ȻȺע޷ԼΪβڴŵɵ㻯ء
΢ƫͷƽµ𡣡
ƽͷǼڸƹȣ㷢Ǹ֮ǰ
ⳡʱֱҹɫļţڳȴδһ뿪ȫⷽĽ̳ڴλʦٶ˵һ䡣
ȴս㵽ˣգҲڴ˵أλʱǰ
һУ˴ŵʵλǰҵ죬սδҲ̫Щǰкַʽܹ¶ɴ˵һƬ⡣
˵̬֮֮
һȺֵģ㳡˷ˡ
ˣ̫ʷΪסͳСӣ֪ڼЩʲô
һƬεķΧУͻȻҪ˵ȷʵҲС
̴̧ʹǰɴ˴壬ԸҴģλŷɴˣֻԴ˷һ˵ĵչɡ
ƿ̵ӣкȻһ塣
ɵķ


54 ˭
ָü, Ƭ˷
ᵽ뵽˱鲼΢ɽҸʽв, һµĸ
΢ɽ߱˴˴Ⱥɽ֮иׯǳأɹٸСͷС̯ûзŹһ
¹γǺɵϰߡ
ʶΪַ, û, ַֻͨʽȷڵǷȫ
Ȼͷ֣΢ɽдĵ
ԭǵ񹩷챳λ
ʹ˵һɢǼ, ׷׵ɴ˴ҶģԸɴ, ˳졣
, ԸΪɴհ
콲λʹ, ۹شϥǴһ˿, ƺ˵ÿˣһǳһڣƽؿ̴ǰ˷塣
㵭Įȣŵмɼ, ˺ŷ
岻̫࣬϶ǲڳÿ˷һ, ö, ²һҪʸ, Ҳ̲סĶ
ֻǸ壬ûȥòãǻԼ˵㡣
ôһˣǰֵҲһȥȻͲá
վԶһЩĵطǰ˳ӵǿ֮ͣ۸Щӡ
̫ʷ󿴿ҿɵҪȥһ
˶
̫ʷ˫־𣬽ŵҡ˵ܵһʲôɣȻԤڣ֪֪˰
Ƴһۣڳģ˿룺˵öԡ
Լȥãû뵽ƽѾһǰȥȥ
ƽµ뷨ܼ򵥣⣬в͸ͽ
ƽڳΪĴͽ͸ȥ
ƽ¿Ĵܶı³ɹȺУõ塣
ƽ½巭ȥ˿ͨļع岢޶£ʲôرġ
׼ȥȴ󣬱°㻤Ľ˵ڣע·һжȻģСѣܵӡ
ƽ¿Լһۣܵ۲ˣöԷ֪ʡ
콲߽ƽ´һۣͻȻ֪лλ״ӿڳ
ΧȻƽ²ɫҲ΢ɽ֪ʹǶ˺£
Ⱥ֮⣬л䣬Ķ˼֡
˵ǰ̬ڴǿȷǶڵǸע
ڻ޷ȷ˾ǵǣֻΪпܵѡѾôȲ
л͸𽻻һ񣬿ƽƣûǰǵȴŶԷ˵ʲô
ӹˣȴûеƣǾֱߵرȡöݸƽ£ǾͷСѣöֽлλ״ˡ
ƽӹʱоϳġ
һ˲䣬һ仰ϵķΧȫһˡ
ڳߣʶл͸˵ģվΧģ䲻ۣȴҲûڡ
ȴֻѰתߵվ͵ذɡ
С˾ǿߵġء֣ڻ䣬ͿӰ
һȺһͬҲʧ˽̳ͽһȺʿԭأе˷ܣеһһת˼Ҫ˵ġ
ڣ΢ɽɢ࣬פֱӶᱦ֮࣬﷢Ļ١
ô̵·̣ƽ߻ȥʱѾо˰Ŀˣл͸˿ȥ
ƽɫѿ˼֡
һ仰һ仰
ͳ׽ⳡԤԵľ֡
Ϊڵûȷ֮ǰ첻дȴû뵽Ѱ˼·ȡ
ȷݡ
ƽǰǰ̯֣öɢӨӨ΢⡣
ڶԷϿ˳ء
ƽ³죬ƣۺûǰ⼸յ꣬ȻǰҪˣ𣿡
פضûлأֱӷŴ̫΢ȥš
һ磬һȺٳʱܸܵͷβǰпǵĿ졣
̫ʷҲЩܲˣĿ⡭˵ģǾ仰ɱô𣿡
Աţ̽͵Ƕԣܾ֪֪֮̽̽е˭ֻˣ̽Ķջ̽Ҳ¡
ڸ˶ԣǱǸԤԵ飬ЩζʲôϹѡ
Щˣ콲˵Ǿ仰ڴ磬ֱöлʦܺ͸ʦܾǵǵıѡߡһҹȥظż嶼ڴ⣬ǲϢܹȷϵˡ
˵һôһλ˵ʱѾߵˡ
̫ʷñ󷢺¿ˮŵɡλʦǵǣҲе˲²𣿸ȷ
ƽ΢䣬첻ҪȷֻҪһܹǡˡ
ˣһҲãҲգǶԣ̫
죬ҪɱһˣɱˣҲǶදָͷ¡
ҪˣҪҵǣϣϴѰһͺˡ
壬˼Ѿڵúˡ
죬ҪҵǣҪõͬŷɡ
Ҫһǵĵǡ
ֱֵӶϕNͷлҲη塣
ƽ˵һһҹĸѾյϢ
б䣬϶Ǿлˡ
΢յϢʱҹΪʧǶӣ»ص̫塣
̫忴ԭҹȴиੲݵʦܡ
յһϢ
λѵһΣʦ㣬йߵϢˡ
˵Ÿ͸ɸӣֺܵγ֮У׻ǿ˭һ
΢ŲĿȥ˭
ҡͷûȷеݣǵҵùĶ׹ۿ׷ݵڵֻܾ嵽С޷ȷ˭
ĻǾǸе˶пܡ
΢治ɫҲˡ
£б۹ȥСƳȥɡ
֮Уֻ˭
Ҫţˣ
΢һʦܣϷˣʱͻ
Ƭ̣ԱҲȫǣ㣬ֻǷȥѡ
΢ͷݺݴһ¡

Nݣлҡ
л˿ʱǰһڣֱιȥ
лæ뱧¡
ô졭ҵҪǱ춢ϣǻס𣿡лؿһ䣬̧л
лȴδţֻüͷ壬˼ʲô
л˵һѽƿЦлǲ룬ǵǣܲǵ֮·Ϊ֮ϵһλ
лƳһۣδһʡ
лֱӿȥᣬһշģתҪߡ
лＲʲôһʲôû˵
л˷ߺ޵ص㲻˵޶꣬ǵ˼㲻ԸûֱݣСɽȣ˵Ŀɶԣ
лƫһߣĬˡ
лҧˣҵĺӣԼȥȣȲˣһ

һҹ䡣
ûҪ¡
һҹ֮ǰ۵ĻǵǾ֮е˭
һҹѾʼ۵ǳֺʲôı仯
ǲ紫˵ǰ㣬õߵ¡
˼һҹδߡ
ľ˽һȺ̤ҹɫصפ֮ǰֳǿȫȥյĽˡ
һ쿪ʼפسױŲ
΢ɽУõˣע󣬸ܵеһֱӡ֮С
һܼ򵥵طҪѧϰһ۾ܼס·ڻ֮С
ʱ콲ʣһ
ʣһ졣
˶Σȴ·˫۾פأȴŴ˿̳Ϊעĵ˳ʱפصĳ춯
˳֣ҲԤĹڵݵĻӦ
פϷٿȻƮһƬƣ¡֮ըƬա
޲̧ͷȥɵףΪδʱнף
ѵҪƾ
ֻ챦
פأֲؾ챦Ӧþƾˡ
ԺڣѾչƽͣ¶ΨĵĻʢ
Ѿ׷׾ۼԺǰ˪棬ʵ⾿ô£
˪಻֪
һƽ˫һͷŮ.ǰ͡
Ƴɹ˲䣬һֱֱ¡
ƽһûкۣǿΪҲⲻס
ηӲ鱦׶ˡ
ûΪƳһֹʡ


55 񱳺
ƿɢ, ˺է֡
Χһףµƾ
˴Ҳͬ˵
ԪӤ, ƾ̫ѣҲͽ𵤾ϵƾס
ϸ֮Ʒζ֮¸оֻµƾҲ̫Щ
ֻҲ˵Ȼֻܹƾ֮ʵͬзͬһ㣬׶Ҫǿܶࡣ
һȺפȺ, Ҳδ˳, פɴŽգûжһʧ뿪
פȴô̫ƽ
ƽ³ֽͥ, 綯īϸ
ǽߣС, Ӳ, ĴѰ˶, ݵĸɣ浶ʵĶԴһֱ
ֱ, Ѿ˫ӵ۾ڴˡ
ʵЩе۾Ѿ֡
󣬾͸ӷˡ
ƽºᣬŻ֮, վߣϸ̽, Ϊͣˡ
һŸ
΢, ƽٿȻ, ½
ƽʯڽս·ѹЩơ
ͻȻȻ̳һѩ⣬˻ֹ
͵صƽ
ΣŰӵ۾ӹ
ٿȻӵİӰӦ۾¡
һƬѪ졣
ƽսʱƽѾݣ£ⲽߵߣʵ鷳ֶˣ
ƽͷʵƾ
ƽֱ͵ƾСѣû뵽ס
СҲףƽСʦϷ£Ҳֻ֣ǽƽ´һרųʱ˵Ĳ˸㲹ӹȷʵ̫ˡ
ƽЦ£û˵Ⲣǿʳܲġ
ûƽµĺ⣬ǵǾ鷳ʦˡ
ƽ۽޲˼£ζţλʦ㡭ƺܰС
ǰôӣűˡ
ҪǻСԴͷһΡ
ƽգգۡ
оͦġ
£ΧԺ˾ͶɢˣƽԺȵ¶ʱڴ˶
һͿһӰ˹ͷذһѱס
ƽײ˼վȣߴ˪ĵЦߣڻĲ̫а
ƽޱذ˦¹´һ˪ڵģ
˪֪룬⿪ɫ磬ŵǰתһȦű˼£·Ϥڵ塣
ƽĿתؿ˪òŵںϵû
˪ЦЦü൱
Ȼƽǰȷʵûʲô
ʱǧǵط꣬˵ôһ䣿˪ߵǰǿ˵ôƺ«Ƶġ
ƽĿƳһߣʧ̬һξˡ
ڹʱʧ̬һΣѾˡ
˪ƲƲ죺
죬ָԼǴһֵīɫʵô£
̥һĨȥϴûκεԿ̺͵ĺۼ·ȻͺΪһ塣
ƽ治ɫϰߣ㲻֪
Լıǣʱīɫ棬ʱ͸ӷḻ
ǰûϲ˪ع⳾Ǽ˵·ϻĶ붼Ǹֻ
˪ع⳾ѩҲжصı־
ʱЩ־תƵϣΪƽı־
˪ɨһۣһ˰ɣһ֪㣿
˪ƽһ֮ƽҪһЩµĿУƽ˿ûбŵ
ˣ壬ǰӲǡ˪ط֮û㻭
ǰĴһˣլۡĴĻ
ЩǴдˮīЩ˭ļʹȻ״죬࿴ۻֿɰġ
˪һЩƽϲȻں¡
ƽûлشֻ̧ͷ
ýƺԲ
Ƭ̺˪ıס
ƽĮȻţ˪ղŵô䣬Ļôů
ǸողɵĿˣȴů¡
۾һ׷ӡǣʱҵ㡣
˪һЦҾ֪ƿ񡣡
ǰƽǿصǸ
ȻŲɽ¶ˮ˾ã֮ƽƢá
ֻȺѲ֪˵º£ŶصĿ
ԼҲʼڿԼĿ
ƽûӻо˪ķ
˪˵Ҳǵһ֪ˣŤŤʲôǰɲ
ǰֻ󷽷ǵϣ·ǡ
ƽͷ˪ľѡ
Ȼܶȷʵů
鲻Ƭ̣˱һ˪;飬תƻ˻ˣҪ컯ҲŪҺ޸ϸ
ƽޱذƿΰɡ

ٽϣ׻޷ƽ
פظпӵӰͬʱһնϹ۾ڰдôĸЩɵ
ƽ̫Ĵӣ⣬Ϊ̶ܴϴ̫λɹ˼
ƽһ΢նġ
˼ȷҪܵĵӣ͵øԵ׼
ЩͶȨ֮£ݻж
һЩͬȻԣһء
ǰһҹ΢ɽкܶ˶ӵ˲ͬ
Щɨһۣ¶Ѫɱ⡣
Ҳ˫ȭգ֣վһֽҹɫУֻһ˫Ȼۡ
ƽҪæһЩ
æ͵
һ⣬û˴żܹɹƭҲɹˣټӸ͵Ҳûʲô
ҹɫ͵ƽ˺üͬĵ
ľʯ
һΪ⣬Ҳ֪ˣ˸
ƽ񴧻ʱصţˡ
˪ࣺôôࣿ±ְ
ƽٵ뿴ͬʻ᲻Ҳͬ
˪ûд
ƽЩſоһҹ䣬۾ˡ
ֱ΢չ⴩͸ɬ˫ۣΪء
ɡĿ
ģ˪һæʵô£
ƽǰɫмֻްʼĽˡ
һϵڽеÿϡ
ʵǿЩģԽӰʹЩΪεʱҷµѺδԭ򡣡
ƽĿ棬Ⱥ
ЩԳȡʿϵӡǣ˺ѵ˹ӡǺ󡭡ͿԽƿشعĵĽ򡣡
ȲˣˮѾ㲻
Ҫֱӣһ´ġ


56 
ԭΪͼ֮, Ͼ壬żҲáƽڿ, ǵû˼·
˪߬߬ȭͷȻҪһʱӦ壬ȹΪϴ󣬾Ϳʼ׼Ϊ޸ϸ
ûٿƽ컯ҲЦ, ݸƽֽ, 滭ЩȫĹͼ
ƽֱҩʥѿˣ˪Ĺȴûôޡ
ǰ˪ûûŵģҲ֪ôġ
濴ƽŵϸ޸
˪ͷⶨ޸, һЩ嵥еĲϣ޲Ϊ, ڵĹߺ͹û취ȫ޸, Ҫһ޲һΣڶҪðյö, ܼʹ࣬պܴ󡣡
ƽϳĹ, ˼ϸ
̧ײ˪У񽻴
˪еĽźŵڴ
ȻҪ죬ǾҪ׻ٵڵ, ԰ɣ
˪üѹͣƲ
ԥЩ, ֵǶ.ĳ̶ܳҪ󶼺ܸ, , ҪҵĲҲЩ
һʧܣͻ᳹Ϊʧ޴
ɹ˪Ŀ㣬ɹҽΪϸ.ʰ⡣
.ȻѾ츳׿Խǰǲ˲١
˪˵ţβЦӯӯؿĿȻ棬ܱɡ
ôǡ
ڶ֡
ƽֱӴ˪仰ָ˪Ŀڡ
΢Ц˵Ǿ˵ˣҰˣҵĴҽʦ
˫һЦ˫ۣȴƹЮȻ⡣
ƽ룬ֹԼأ˪Ųεǧ꣬γ
жһǻҰ𣬼ԭ

΢ɽոⰲĵðе궯
֮ʱɵĲֵһͨǰɢѾ΢ɽߵɽϡ
ͽɽۣɽһεıϲͣ¡
̫ʷŶͷĺǾıԵˣǰ˵ܿһ磬ˡ
Ͽܿصĸϵֲ΢ɽУԵ͹һ׳ĸϵӵر¶һء
ȻҲڴˡ
ڵϣ̫ʷæͳСǣܲǴķӢ۰˰ɣʲôüǵģ
̫ʷͷҡ÷ɿ죬ϲⱾǴм¼רǸмţȻʲôҪһʵġ
㡰ŶһȤŤͷһߣŵϵϣƬ̧̺ͷƽ¾ʦ㣬¾϶ǽɫġ
ƽƳۣЦǲϣǳɳ棬ֻ²У缫ѰֳϡΪʳѰʦǸȤ׽һֻȥţֻЩ鷳ˡ
΢΢۾۵Ͻɫϣϵͳϻ׽һֻŽȥ
̵˵˶һֻϡ
뾵ʣʱڴ˴ĵȺһŵ˵ţһȺ˵ͷ⡣
ŶޣƽΪҲల£ô˵㾲һԡ
ţͽķΧҪöࡣ
һȺޣһĺɫ彣Ŀ¶׹⣬һۿȥΪ֪ķǷ֯˵ġ
˵ҪŵȣһȺвס˿յؿʼ
ǵĳ֮£ԵһȺˡرС
ڡ
ֵ֡
ƽһԣһûһţ˳ſ档
һ֮ǰվƽǰֱضһлҪ˵ı飬ⲻɨͲ˵鷳áˡ
ǵǰˣڿʱйһ֮Ե
뵽ǴƽͶԷĻ棬ŵվƽߣ˷粻ֱƽʾ⣬뿪
뿪ǰһۣǾ档
Էûаľߵĵѡ
ƽЦѣþòʲô£
Ϫ
ڿһս󣬳΢ɽղִһƳû档
ټƽԸоϪò̫һˡ
һֺݵı仯
ϪNҵ֮ӣȻ治ԣǽġ
һսϪϵźͽȴǱǴսĥϵĹâûˡ
ʱҲ֪ڽѧЩʲôƽٿϪʱöԷźͽƺֻˡ
ǰͬϪϵţǳģһ飬ĥ˹⻪
Ϫǰ֮ˣǰûвͬ
ڿһսԷһ֦״ڽ˺ܳʱؽվڶԷǰ
Ϫи֮롣
ƽĿº͵ؿϪЩ˼˵Ļ
Щڵεѣϴͬһս
ϪðЩ
áƽȴӦúܸɴࡣ
ķӦϪ£ظ˿¶һѵЦݡ
лл㡣Ϫ֣صģлл㡣
Ϫÿ죬ߵҲ죬ƽıӰͻȻԴͽЩȤ
һطڲһʱ仯ô
Ϫߺ¹Դ뿪ܺ󣬸ѵкദʱ䣬٣˶ӣ˵Ǽ̡
סˡ
ƽ¶ɨһۣһֱֽƬѾʧˣҲû̫ȣϾȥ˵Ҫˡ
̧վڲԶĻԶĿ⡣
Ϊ˱ӣԶһֱװ̫ӣͬеһУԶҲһֱ⣬ȥͬŵĹϵá
ƽԶΪϵˣļߣδɹļܡ
ƽЦһסˣǲá
һ

߾ɵƻ硣
Ǵľߣݣᣬȴ˲
ȻŴӹˣ˼
߰ڵأ΢ɽʱ佫Ϊһµ
ֹȴЦȷʵʵʱˡ
ĮȻ׵ѰѾͳȥ΢ɽ˵档
ٶȷһЦ̬Ѿˣ˸Ҳ֣Ҫԣ𣿡
˵ʵĻȴգƶ
Ŵ֮˸ҹȻΥ졣
ǸʶôŮˡ
ߵ¶⣬Էֱɺ˵ӡ
Ȼַ
ˡܺ
ŸԶʱˡ

׹ʱӱ黹ɡ
Ͼݷãץ˶вǸ̽
Ҳʱջ
һЦһ߶΢˵ǸҲһ˳ģĺͽıʦɱֻҰǾ̫ƫˡ
΢ҲǱģŶ϶ˡ
ֶ׹˳
׹ڿγһɫߣչֻ֣մ׹۵΢ܿ塣
ɫ̫𣬾ֱŶȥ
΢ΪͣĿ⾡ͷ֮ĵطȴܿ
˺ɫȥķɫһ䣺ˡ
΢һصĿ⡣
ڵĵط΢ɽ
ͬӳȥɲȥ
ƫƫߣΣյǸ̽Ҳ΢ɽ
΢ɽܵӣ˸״ѡ츳׿ᱻصĶ
оȻһ̽
⻹Ҫġ
ҪǣжǶ֣ΪͬźѣЩӻǺ޷ġ
ҧгݣ졣
Ŀ⽻Ƭ̣ͬʱɳۣ΢ɽ
ɴʱѿڵȻ֮УŻ
Ǵع֮ǵɹҲ޷ǿ򿪡
Ӻݺݴεľϣ͵ȴֻˮ뾵棬ֻ΢

뾵Уһ硣
ܵͣƲƺֿɼ貵ĽɫҶǵӫӫӰҶ϶֮ӨͶ¡
н뵽ˣЩȴ̲ס͵͵£ƺᵽĿ㣬ܹϴꡣ
ܱԼ֮Ӵ
ʵѾ֪״۵ü֮ǻǾĸߴΡ롣
֮У·硣
貵ĽɫҶ֯ɣֻܴӷ϶пƵ͵ӰĴ׳֦չϸ֦ʮ˻޷ȫסĸϵɽ֮У಻΢ɽϤС
̫ʷ̾ľԳһ硣
ֻһ
ƽĿ¶ϣЩԶ
˶ˣҲûע⵽һ˲
úƽŴع𴽽ǡ
һǧǰǸϤҪĴѾԶȥ
֮У˪֪ȥһС
ĵ⽣Ӱ߹ÿһ·ÿһ羰ʱ꣬Ѳ׺ɣʧʱ֮С
ԭΪһУֻһ˶Ʒζ׷ˡ
˪
ڣ
ǧأ²Բȴʼע硣
ƽվھһ֮ңĵطȥһվס˳嶯
ǧ֮İУΨһϤˡ
˺ܾãһȺ˲ŴӾ֮̾л
̫ʷɿڲ¼һߵ˵һƬҶˣһҸ˳졣
Ц£ǷƭСĻˣÿƬҶӶ̲ϵôҶ
䣬һƬ׽ɫҶȻ¡
ڿд˸ӯءأƽļϡ
ƽժ¼ϵҶָĦ¡
յιԵһģһ
ƽе˾䡰ɵѹ˼ȴûѹסһǳĻȡ
ףĿɿڴһȺˣ۽΢䣬˫ʢЦ⣬һͬŴδɺĵЦ⣬˵
Ҹ˳ףˡ
һ˸ѡ˸طӽнóЩ˸ɴֱϯضԭصϢ
ϴ̲صϴȥʿڵķ׳
ʿ;֮ʱų.ʣ֮Ϊࡣ
ϴȷǴﵽ⣬.꣬ӵ徻
ϴϴȥĲֹǳҲǳ
ܹܹм棬Ѱ߼õıᡣ
ھ֮У˶ѡУ˭Ҳﲻ˭ԸӰԼ
طÿ˾úܿҲȫƽ󼸸ھһȦ˺óʱ䣬̫̾ˣϷУ˰ʱҲûͷ۷
ƽѡһܽĵطûϣֱ¶رĸϵϡ
ΧĿ֮ûˣ˸ѡĵطЩ롣
תƽʼ
Լ䣬ƺоʲôḧȥϧ֣ء
ɽ£ٶʱƽȥЩ⡣
ûټ뿪ʱԼķʲôסˡ
ƽȻףԹסһز֪ʱ֦㻹ǵһͷ
һͲʲô
ڸϴ˵ķֻҽ˵ġ
֦£ƺЩҶӶɢŹΡ
ȻûзſЩס֫ʣôõᣬΪʲôҪ뿪
ƽβָ֦£ԣߣеҪȥȥ
֦ŷſ
֮Ҳҹ֮ģʱֵҹֱߡ
ƽնУһһ䡣
ͬƫƧžֻһˣƺѾܾá
Զ߽
ƽǰ΢΢ףһģ
Զһһ䣬ɱ˵ǡ
ƽף۽΢΢һ
л͸һ
Ƭ̺ƽ̧ͷ΢΢һЦ



57 һҹս
Զ۷, ƽһŵӣܴ, һֱۿţһỳ㱻ˡ
ƽһ˿ЦݵЩ΢ҷ£һգ۵Ĺԭ¶ȵЦ, ͱ䵭Ц
һ˲, Զ·ֿǸ䵭飬²۵ߡ
ƽЦˣôͽ, ʶȺء
ѡֱҧøЩ
Զһסһ˿ԼĻɡ
գｫΪһµ, ˭޷, ǧѷĻᡣ
, ɱˣܻ, лҲ
ƽʵã
ԶĮȻɱˣȻ裬ͬʱܺл, 鷳
ȻҲʲôܽ鷳
ƽͷҷֹһ, Σ
˼, ǰЩлᵤ, ΪҲһ·ǣҪͬʱɱ֣һ
Զǣ˵лңɱ𡣡
ֹҲ޲ɣи뷨˵Щ
ԶĿһʲô
ƽβָΪ붯ֵģֻһ𣿡
Ҫ赶ɱˣ

֮󣬸µϢӡ
ʱܽ
ᣬҲûȫУ˼ע硣
ǣͻȻɱ
ףѡĵطΪƫƧ
ŨתʮŸ죬ϸеѹ͡
ʱ΢ɽȫĵطÿһ˵Ϊڷǡ
Ҳ⡣
գѾŨ۳Ϊһ鼫СĴɫĹߣȴһû۳ɵ
Ϊͣڡ
ҲѾ㹻
֮Уҹ޷ꡣ
ƫʱأ׽ɫҶε죬ຮ֮ɫ
ԶпΣŭŸ˻
ǰѩ⼲۶Ȼһȱڡ
ŭĴָƣȻʣӰ˫纮Ԩ
ڣǴҪһԼܸܵԷΪѾԪӤڣֱʵǡ
֪ˣƽµΪߣԪӤڡ
ԪӤľǽĴʦּȻͽ磬˶ԪӤڣѾʿеٮٮߡ
ڳְгֽ֮ˣΪȴ̸߳ԪӤڣȻδڣҲԶ
һҰǴСڽͷβҰɵϰߣͬ߿ͿĶϰߵĴ򷨣ֻҪӮʹǧ㲻ӵֶҲν
ʱ;ʱʹҪҪϰ
ôã޿ϧˣ֮ԽΪͬսǿҪҪϰ
ʱ֪ʲôӣֻͷ뿪ǸңѰأֻҪȥﶼá
õĻᣬܾˡ
Ǿ֮ҲǾӣϲ
ԣڣ޾
ֻЦûᡣ
ȫңһѵѧòһµĿΣǿѧ˸ͿʼĴε
Ҳεʱƣǧᡣ
ٺǱܣҵǵ䡣
˭뵽Լ˱еġǡ
˺ѽ⣬ÿһЮŷ籩ۡ
⽣Ӱ䣬˽ְغϣȴԷӰӶ޷׽
üѹͣ˫ۼ޶Գһ˿Բ۵Ŀ񾢣˵ֻңηģ
ǰϸһխ䣬¶ʵı۰
ΪȻҲ˵ķǾͰѶԷƳ
վԭأխ΢һ£ǰɺѪ⡣
ڰɱ֮һ󲻵һΪĵСȻơ
ԼΪ߳٣ܱԷĵâˡ
ȻΪԼˣֻǿʼ˼⾿һʲô˺˵ǡ
ٿȻȺڶ㱼׺Ⱥǣ˸䣬ֻض
һʱ䣬·
ǰ˰벽б£ն֮յâбһ磬ԳƳһ̳ҵԲ
ʮɵؿŸ𣬿еĵ
ǰѲ㳤ĵչǺΪ
Ǹ֪ѧѧҰ·ӵ£ԴԼĵ
ֱ¸ֿŵһնǷ족
ǰѰʫֻԼǸµˡ
ֻƽ
˶ѡ
ɱ߱ĵâˣͿ˼һ󾳽˱Ƶ³Ѫ
ܵɱԶ룬յĵشȥ

ѵÿһΣ츣ˣΪ飬һҲΪ
лûĵӣһɡʮٿȻչɡǷ۰׵ԼܼһβҶҡҷ
˾ǣɡĻǻģ·ܿˮΣ΢ꡣ
λƻڵĿռ䣬浱𣿡
ȻлǱҪӦֻһͷȴ
𵤾ڣһԪӤڡ
λǲ̫лĳˡ
˾أлҲлұȱ費ҡЦݲ䣬ǱýЩ
ɡлǰγһıϣ˵𵤾ڳλԪӤĵҪ⵹ߣҲҪһЩʱ䡣
л΢ƣɨ۶ˣ˺š
һĽޣŵĵӣʱΪѹƵ˿ߡ
л΢΢˿
ܽеģŵ״ӣǱصĺĵӡ
ǰΪ߲ȥٮٮߣƽº磬˵½֪Ҳڰжֶ֡
ԪӤϵʿѽΪѹƵȫ
ʶĶ֣ΪҲԪӤ
лĬл˷˳ͷཽЩˮ
Цһлӵ֮뻯˲֪ҵҪЩ
лЦ£̫Ҳá
αװɵŵӽ˸󷨣ΪߵĽɱֲ֮ϡ
ʱתӿ뽣ɱֵڣĽʱ
бһɡɡ棬ɡ岨΢һ˻ȥɡķҲ֮ƣЩʱ޷á
̣лĿ
·̵Ļ棬ҵ˲ʱ˵ķ˿̵þ
ҰҲ㲻ȼĸϵҶӣлĿһɨĳȻޣİ޷ʹá
е⡣
棬ӳһСɵԲԲ֮ɫϷźܵɫԲ
СԲһһССֻдһСлڿд˸ڿ˲ַ·ʲôֿ
Է״Ŀ¶衣
ǲͨлһǷ
лǹһĨ΢⣬Ѹ˿Բ򲻽׷ȥ
ŵʦʮָӳһٵ̣ͼСԲٶȷŻǸ
ȴû뵽̺СԲ˲䣬СԲ˲ײһ
׹Ŀҫۣʱѿ˼ľ졣
ǸʦѪ˹ȥ
̶ļХͣЪ׻ɢһžɢҪʣҲ׽ȥ
ɱݽһǿúܣϮϣǴճĽ״Уؽ⣬צس
ۼճҪסɱײµŵӣڵһɨ棬͵ķ϶˳ȥ
л̾˿ô©鷳Ǹ
ɱһЦɺ߸ԾһƷֱ档
л޴ˣǰ⣬׳һͷɡ
ɱǹڱصõЦ⣬ʯ䣬лһ֧ӣ֪˾ʲô
ϣλͬţԭңĲеġ
ɱּΪмеĸоЩ
Ľվһ
һֱجεĵ
ϸĥҪ͸
ɱֵĶٻ
˦˦ͷеס䣬ˣħҲԴԴϵشӰУУ۷衣
ɱ־ţ⾿һĿ¹õӷ˿µ
û뵽ǧһ͹ˣ
ڵ˲䣬֮Уе˶˹
ܵϳлħʶ˲ԣ׷˳ķȥ
ŵ޲Ŀ૵
죬ħѵǴ˵еħ٣


58 ֻʣһ
ƽ¸ϵʱ, ľл˵Χмֲиشĵӡ
湥ˣһŵĵӷ, һǽɫĵۡ
ƽ²ʶˣӦҲɽŵĵӡ
ԣۼ״󣬵νһǡСպ
˷ٽ, ݺϽɱֵ, лĵͷۻĽɱķɳȥԷ£ڵر̵ӡ, վס
ɱһ˿Ѫǡʱбл˶½ϵ
Ȼ״, üͷ, վڽɱǰ, ƽƵѣ˾ٺ⣿
ƽһ͵˵˵, λΪҪж״Ӷֽš
䣬Ҳ֮ۼ״ضһ, վ˼Ȼԡ
ǵ뷨ܼ򵥣ʱ, ʦֵġ
ѷһ, ֮˺һҲϵ, 翴Żŵӣô£
ˣŵɱֶ£ɫһ䣺ʦ֣ǰǰҵһ𣬸ժ¾ͱлˣϲ⣬ͼɱ˶ᱦѣҵýλʦǲûд󰭡
˾ۼһ磬ԭžʱ
ɫѿ£ƵѸһ͡
Ǽ˹ûдŵǰ΢ɽûô۹
Щ¹γǣڽ£ǵùһ·
ƽޱ飬ĵǵһңҽ͸ƨ
ƽ촽˶Ը˽ⲻ۾һ֪Ҫ˵ʲôΪ˷ֹһͻһ̵ĳһȥסƽµ졣
ŵλѣ⻰̫԰ɡ
ƽµ챻סˣȴһԴ
ĿϤ۹ȥƽⲽͨ͸ʵҵǲ֪лʦܺʱͽλͬʱֻǰɱ˶ᱦ
ԣźͽм¶ɻ
ɱһתһ֮뻯ڳ˭˲֪ԼиƷڶ࣬Ÿͬʱӭսˣ·磬סõ֤𡣡
лŶԷ˵䣬ԷΪȥָΪˮƽ
ǵһҵĻ˸ĿŶȡ
ɫЩ֪䣬ʳָѾһöԲƬģƴ
˵䣬ƽѾߵǰŴҪνƽ°˰֣ʾҪ
ƽѭƽȥɫЩ
֪УźͽѳɺΧ֮ƣ˰Χˡ
ƽĿһɨŽһˣʱڳڹʮһˣڳ˶ɢط
ܣ㻪Զֻܹˣٵġ
˿ڳ֮˸٣ֻźͽ뷢ѣܽΧ
ؼǡֻڳɽὣǸ鷳ѡ
ƽżȻʱַ̽ڽϵƣѾȻ
Ҳʶ˲Ծϸ΢ƳһߣУȻûκβ
ƣֿܣкĵطȥϡ
һȻƽ
ǰ²յķΪã
Ǳ㿴ƽڱָ˵ָ©һƷֽȼպףԭǷ
ǾȣжϡŹֵķûġ
ƽƽλѣȻ˫ִһʣ˭ãһôΪģٷɢǾۼһߣζλѡ
ī˸ͻȻƽնϣһӣĸϵΪޣָΪȵغŵ
ˣīΪǣˮˮš֮ͬȿԱҲмල֮ϴĻᱦλӦҲ˷ִϰɣ
ô˵ԥ£ɶƺҪͬ⡣
Ⱥȴ˵ʦ֣ѵǵĵЩ¶һ£ô׽ҹȥˣ
仰֪˼Ȼľʹ㣬ԭڸԵЩӲݸѿָƣʰ磬¶һѩ棬ֱҫۡ
Ȼտ֮ǰգлҪǽ󿴹ܡ
֮⣬Ǿܻ˽
ʵȥˣôôᣬлʦܳNлңԼʦʲôĵرûҪһ𣬻쵽ɱ˶ᱦʱúѵĸĳЩһԱ˳ŵģûɱˣ
ѵ˵һΣû뵽̫ʷקӣͷ̫ʷأ㲻˽ȻĲȻײˣûʵʵ֤ݣš
԰գ̫ʷҲЩɫ
ԼѾˣרлľֽ֣Ȼض˽ȥۣΪ˱֤л
˲֪ԭܵȴǼ򵥵ɼִȺ˾ǱŵǶġ
뵽̫ʷɨӣûпټǵǡ
ڼȻʾ֮£ӳſ֣·һҪŭʡ
ģ֮Ϫ
Ŀ⸴ӵؿƽû뵽ԼһսȻôӦˡ
Ҫַʽ
һʱƽȴͻȻЦ¡
Цһ˿ΣʼȻˣҲûа취ֻˡ
ĿһŷֽǰīմЩǵķīڷֽϷɿʡ
±ٶȼ죬˲䣬һŷͣɫķ˲ʱȼǰҹеĹ𣬹ˡ
Ȼɫһŭȵ󣡡
߸ͬǵǣ
̼䣬ѩ滮Ƴҹҹ֮зŭ˻
⽣ʵ̫Լƿҹ©һ硣
ߵͬʱۣγһɫƣ߶ն¡
ʱΪҵķȼ󣬲ûеĻֺ볡棬һ˳׿ǰ֮
ӾĸӦ
źͽ˶£ǷӦʱɢǰһڵѾʧһɶ
ĵãˣˡ
Ȼˮȥҡ
ǣ
δ룬һƾ档
ϪĿ¶ͬʦ֣ΣҾãȽ˿ϧʣʱ䣬㡣
ȻƳһۣû˵

һͷڰɢĵʱѽӵʾһܵӾѾɢȡֱƽ˵֮ػ۶ȥ
ҲһĿ̫󣬷ױ֣ԶԷֿ
ΨлûУƽֱȷԼΣպһ
ƽշ˺ܳһξ룬һۣŵӦһʱ䡣
йֻҪ̫󶯾ʱӦòᷢǡ
ݸлһŷϣټġ
лԼһЧȻ棬Ϣͺ񳹵ɢڽҲȫӦ
Ʒ֮ˡ
ƽһţһղŷ顣
л˼ǽŽŵĵӣҲ֪αװģǲ֪ǺδˣӦǳšǡ
Ц£ǣҸҲҵôϣ
ƽʵǣ𣿡
лε֮ˣĿȴҲǵʸ֮
û˵꣬оؿһʹŵصͷһȾѪļ⵶ӱֱǰأݺݴؿڡ
ʹ˲䱬ѿлѾͷ˵ı顣
з죬Ȼһֻס޷κ춯
֮УлʶҵҪһйڣҪ´ȥȴط֣ղϵķϢ׸޷ϵκˡ
ƽ󣬵ҸĴ͸ǵĶһ
ֻиģ˵ǡƣ׼ʱܡ
лѪƽ֣ʪȵѪҺ˳£мڶذͱؿʱļΣƽü䣬ĵݴ˿̾ޡ
лʧȥâ̱صС
һƬžΨ֦Ҷ͵£ȥ·һС
ƽޱл壬ǰԶӰ㿴Ǽ򵥺ܶࡣ
Զ߽ȾѪŮˣƵ治ǻεĵ
Զڣֻʣһˡ


59 ˮ
ƽûνءš, ѰһȦƺȷʲôĵط˫΢, һлʬĺģɳȥ
ȥлӵֱ׷ϣһƻкģ
ƽؿȡö, ָ£, 飬ʱһٶȴ͸лǰĴˡ
Զüͷһǡ콣
ƽƳһۣϷҪȫ
ɱ, Ǵͽˡ
Զ··ģԼЩɵ
ϵ˻˰жл֣ȴʼյȺһ, лͻǰ, лͬźͽ˳ͻų, ˣл, ȴлټķ׸Ϣ
ڣǰ׼õģܽл˦ͽ
Ǵʲôʱʼⳡ֣
֪, Լͬ飬ɻԶлǸһ⡣
˵ԭ, ֻܹĳĸܡ
ƽϸ΢仯, ȴû, ǰ棬߰ɣȥҸ𡣡

ôĶȻҲˡ
ûҹȥ
Ҳ֪Ǻһɱ֣ߵ鷳û׽˿óȻֻҡ
ָڽһһƺС
ԽսǸڰеɱֲ˽һҹѾĶֻƣ
һҹսұѾľңһö½¶һǣͷƳһۣһָ˻ȥ
õʱ
ͷһھơ
Ҿоһ´Ӻͷůȫ
ʵʼֻ֮Ҫתǲٸоģֻʱ򣬺ȥͰӡ
ϲڴܵʱһھơ
Ҳ
Ϊ׳ֻΪϰߡ
ôĴָǣб󷽴ĽŲ
ŲᣬƽȡϢȡ
ҪǣϤ
Ѿƺ£ʵһأϣʵҲɱҵģ
˽Ų£ϢЩŲҲôƽȡ
꣬վ˸ǰͶһ΢Ӱ
һվһŰΣûж
Ҳû¾ƺڲ㶯ֵĻҺһ
˵ܶεһ
ǰûжۣƽעŶԷ°ͳԼߵĿλ˵㣺
һ󣬷·˼ľģеľƺ͵ԼһڣƵڸ£һϡ
ѵð
ƫְķΧȥߵµʺ㣬Сү
˴۽ޣ۵һ˿΢ɫ庮ҷѩ
ƽһۼ˵ա
ѩʣʲôʱ֪ġ
룺ڿ֮ܵʱɡ
ѩ£ô硣
һֱ£ָΪĺܲϷ
Ȼ£ܶΪԼˣʵϹţһ֪
ѩ۽޲£߬ǽڷףĶƣѪɫƳˣֿһۣŷѩ߬һȾѪ䣬ۡ
㱳󣬾ǲݵ֮ңɨһۣȻģ
ѩһˣҲûʲô˵ģŵǸѾ׶ˡ
ҡҡͷʵӳġ
üһ⵹ò̫һ
ʵҲûʲô˵ģһ׵Ĺ£ֻǸﲻڴ⡣
ѩֻ˵ôһûٶ˵ҵĹϵ
ҲٶʣͬǺͼ϶ˣȥʡ
ΪʲôѩӳˣȴҪȳΪܵ̽Ը¡
һᡣ
Ҫʲô룬ɱңӦòڡ
ڶɱӦ죬ҪҽֵģСɽһϯ֮صȻҪɱǡ
𻺻ڻģǰѵǿԼС
ЦϾõߵ£СɽῪʼǰҲ
˵꣬תͷѩԣ¹ƻ¶ֻǱʲôֶΣ
ѩ
ݿϣ涾ݼ࣬Ҳḻܶ˶óƹƶַʽƵǣ֡
˵һĬ
һѩأ˵¡
һۣûз˵Ҫ¶ˣֽݸѩ
ѩ£ҵĹغܶࡣ
ѩĵ棬Լϰ̽˼£ѡ֡
ôģ£Ҫ𡣡
֮ǰƽ˵ģֻ̽ʺĴˡ
࣬ԼĴ󣬶ӦԼ˫ݺ
ѩС
ƽںܾ֮ǰͿѩ£һֱ
ʱѩЩΪء
³ɣ֮ϲɣұܷ֣棬ˡ
иѩͷ˵ģҲҪĵԾ
ֻҪѵǺš
׼˵طѩ׼Լۣ׼һµʱ򣬱ݺ߬ס˵
ѩ̧ͷײ˸΢
ˡ
ڿͿʼӵĬ˳
ѩһɨչоӰɿؿ
תۼ䣬Ѿֻм֮ң
ƽŲɵأǰڰ֣µҵˣղûˣһǳˡ
ԶԶظǼӣҲǼɵͷ
赭дɱлԶһֱûпƽ̫
ƽȴʹ˸ɫʾǰ
ʾʮԣû˵ԶҲˡ
һһ
Զɼü˼Ƭ̣ͬ⣬ǰһվڲŵĵطȴڿ
ƽٶȸ뻪ԶСԷΪš
Զصͷ
ʱѩ͸ƽͻԶ˶಻岽ľ롣
ƽǰߣŶ˶ʮ׵ؼ֮䣬ᣬָ͵ȾƲҡ
ѩղŻ򶨵غ͸̹һУ·Ѿ׽ʵ
ڼƽֿʼܡ
ƭˡ
ѩͻȻͺۿΪ˲ƽͷƫһߣڵⲻûҵ𡣡
ƽͷһЦ£´βϡ
ѩ۾ӣӦ˾䣺á
Ȼ´ˡ
ŵվһԿƽѩƳվڲԶĻԶ
ƽѩ·һϸļߣһһߵ߰ɣصǵģͷǡ
˾ܽƽҲ൱Ȼͺֻ֮˳ֵĶ
Զں棬زƽ˳ż»Ŀڴʱָһ⡣
ͬʱԶоԼеķʼ̣˲ȼ
ƽһǣ֣է֣׹¶ָ̧߾٣ۼžҪ´ȥ
ԶѾɳѩ࣬һΪΣۻԪӤڵΪչ¶š
߳ڳˡ
ǧһ֮ʣƽеŸĺ󱳻£ȴûд룬ͻȻתŻԶ۶
ȻڿлһѪİԲŵԶƸ庮̹ǵıѩһն£ͽԶǰеĿյرסԶֻҪԶ¶ᱻᣬ䲻ڳסλԪӤڵʿҲܹӰս
˲䣬һǳīɫԶ棬
Զ°ã·ղеĻɺͲ档
һգۣɱֵѩѾԭأǳԶЩĵط޴İ׹ǹ£˪ɵļʸָ⣬ȻŵһƬȻ·ֻҪԶöͻ䴩ࡣ
Զתͷӥźڳķ籩Ҫƽ˺ҧʬΡ
㱳ɡ
ƽỺգۣ·˵ʲôҴδŷ
Զҧгݵƭҡ
֪뵽ʲôЦһɱлѾزͷˡ
ڳת𣬷̵ղһ·Һʮɱķʽ
һ˿㵣ԶЩףףҲ˳ķӣΣӱһ
ԶһһղлôϵģˣΪ׷Ź㣿
ƾʲôԶ¶һ˿ЦƺʶԼɣ⼤ŭ𣬡ܲڣƾǵ΢ɣ
ꡱֱǿ¡
ԣӦǿңԶֹѩ˫󣬺ͣһġ
ƽţҲЦ£ǰһʱ䰡
䣬䣬ذݺݻƻԶĺ
Ҳ̶һ˲䣬ƽоԶһȺܵӵѹٳ˲͸ϵ
ƽºܵӽӵźźͷɿһأͿƽݱ䣬մǵѪޡ
һݺ£Ҫͬŵ


60 
ܵӿһĻ, š
̫ʷֱ˵⡢ô£
ʦ㡭ɱͬţ
Ľɡ
һ˲䣬жһͷ
ö, ѵʲô
õƵĳߣͬţһҹѪȾԪѳţӴ˳Ϊ˿־Ĺ
ʱöƵƽʱ, ˽Ҳû, ѹȥ
û뵽ͬһĻȻҲƽϡ
ƽֻһ˲䣬΢ɽ֮ǰ΢˵Ļ, ֶס
ƽЩ⣬˻Զһۡ
ԭ뿴ЩУû֪֮, Ÿ˻ԶĻᡣ
ֻû뵽, ź, Ƕƽ·ġ
ʯ䣬ƽͻԶĿڿн, Ҫų⡣
ҲһĹ򣬻Զһö飬ҧƺڿǻѿ, Զʱʼǣ˲˺ƽ, űߵļҲʱɢ
ܵͬŸϵ, ƽҲ޷ٺ޹˼ɵɱ֡
һĹ, ƽѾϵƽɨһ۳ϵ״̵ô¡
Զһͬʦԩ޳ΪҪͻȻɱ֡
ƽüһĿתƽ˵
ƽͽͬСʦãΣƽҲԱĻᡣ
ƽ³һĿɨԶݣ۵׵˼װס
Ҷʣұ㲻壬ҸһƵĻᡣ
Զ֪Ĳп£ʱڧ겻ɣӹܵ׷ҲӲ커ɱ֡
ƽϻһ˿Цݣû˵Ǹ𿪿ڣŻԶҵҪʻʦܣΪҪɱ֣
ĴָỮ棬ڳӴţνܹ飬ҹѾǱڰķ߽֣Ȼ֮ͬ˱İ֣˷ʤ
ƽһ뵽ǰһлһ¡
ƽ򣬿ԶĿ
ƽδ֮ǰܵͽܶ飬Ӷ
һܱ͸˲֪ڰ̽һ£ǰҲֹҹлǳһЩ⣬ʶ⡣
ʱԸлֵˣܵİ̽бˡ
ȷʵǾڰЩ˵Ȼڸڶ˶֣΢ɽϴ֮ʱҲôӡ
ƫƫ΢ɽϴ֮Уһգ˴ͬµ
Ļ·𼤷Щĵɱһ㣬սǰʢ
ȻҲǶԵи鷳
ƽʦܣӦǻԶѣ˾١ҪΪˣ
仰ֱӷ˻Զܵӵݡ
ƽ𴽽ǣƽµ󣬴ӷ϶Զ¶һԶѵЦݡ
Զ˫Ŀ죬Ҫҧ顣
ͽͽ
û뵽˱ŷȺ˶ۿֵ߳ͼ߱ɱͬŵһĻȴľҡһ˲ֻʱ䣬ͷӦֱվǱߡ
ԶһȺ˶ûа㻳ɡ
ƽ۾һ»ĵҲ²£ʱлλʦܶɱģΪסѣ죬ûɣ
ƽӳԷʱ˵ĹǸصû¶İ̽Ȼߡ
ԶЦˡ
伫һһȻҲʲô֮ˣǱĿĽܵġʦ㣬ҿɲߡ
ǽһ̾ͻ³ӡ
ֻһߴϢ˰ˣǱܵˣֻһߣΪģΪҪһˡ
ԶЦһǸߣ㱳󣬱㱣úúõġ
仰һƳҹѩ۵Ĺ⣬ܵӵĿڡ
̫ʷűʺͲӣѾ֪дЩʲô֪˿оһġ
ԶıЩȴûзɶ٣ﲻϵİ
ߣӳȥֻǻصҲеܡ
ˣƽĿɱڡ
Զû뵽һ˲صļž󣬼ͬʱ
ܡ
ⲻܡ
˵ʲô
ûаɣȺӾͬʱŻԶ˵ƽߡ
Զ£ҧгݵܶô𡣡
˵ƽҲһ˲ȡ
ƽСһһǳվߣ˵ʦã¡
ѩʲôֻ֪ΪһʾԸɱԶ
ƽ£ؿڣĿҪ͸ǻ
ָܡ
ܡʻ
̫ʷվһԣŵ¹˹
󿴿ҿʼԼΪʲôҪ
ֻһ˲ôȫʦ
ԶȻŲԼʦҪСˣлҲվǰȻһĶɥʬҰûء
ƽͷһɱлʦܣ
⻰ǶԻԶ˵ġ
ŻԶĻȴлİȫ
ԶֱоԼȺ˼ֱ˵
һοʼǰİš
һֱ֮⣬ԹһУ¹γһҹƽ˵оȫȻ޷⡣
ƽôôܽôѣԶ֮Աǡ
ȺԣһȺˡ
гһգҵóɣȫ¶쳼⼸Сĵӡ
ȴû뵽ȴԼ֮ԱǵĶ﷭
Ѿ޲Զ˰ֱ۵üģָ̧֣֮ɫķ
ߣ浱ô棬ʲô֤ݶ
Ŀƽ޲⣺Ƿޣ᲻ʶʲôɡ
ƽһ۾ϳӰԣǷǳټķ¼ַܻ޼
û뵽Զһš
һȼеķɫķҹֻܿʣһЩΪǰ̿γһˮ
ˮУյĻ档
ƽлǰţЦ໶лȥ޷ƽȥҲκβס
һתۣл˵ЩʲôʱһӲļ⵶ضȾѪ͸лؿڵ·
лﲻͣѪƽһסκ
˸ˮеƽɫƽںѰ̸죬˳ժһƬҶһд⡣
ͷһ󷢺
̫ʷͲһôƽʱһĻһĿǾ㤡
̸Цɱ飬ʲôѰʿǾܹרѵɱ֡
̫ʷŵˣ͵͵ŲƽԶһ㡣
ƽɫЩԾɷڽϣδʣҲûתԼĺ󱳶ƽԶ
ƽоЩΡ
Ը⻳ԼƵϣǺαء
ƽǰƽ²磬ߵǰͻԶֱӶţ
ȷʵӰƽӰƳɵˮ岻ôһŷһ˿ͨ˷ѡ
ԶֻڼŭԼЦһƫͷȥ
ƽֱ⣺еһУȷʵġ
һƽЩ
ԶЦôʱ鼱֮·ɢӴܣлٳٲ飬ǾͲ𣿡
ƽӵؿƽıӰ㡭Ҫô͡
ֹƽ£ͬһŵĳ㣬ŵò̫ʷվԶֹŻԶŹʼղиѩͬʱƽ
ڵһش
ȥƺøлҵˡ
һʵԺ⽩Ӳ˼ա
Զɫһ䣬ѭȥȴлѣ
űɱʱɫĵӷƣ㽻Եʧ£ֻؿŴƬƬѪգȥǴѪģΪɲ
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Զ˫ĿѪ鴤Ƭ̣ⲻܡҼʬ壬ȷʵѾлĻᡣ
л߽ƽЦµлĳɡ
ƽЦҲ˵˿ͨ
Է˽⣬͸֪ɱ֮ǰϵŷ˵ټķһܷ
ҵĵ壬ѪҺմܷѾá
ƽ۵ȻЦ⣬һһϼ仮ٵ⣬ͷһ󷢺
ɱģǸܡ
һԶĲ£̲סƵýڽڰˡ
ƽЦǰصΪµľ֣Ҳõʱ򡣡
ͻԶľܽ˵԰ɣߡ
Զû䣬ͷĽȸӶ˲٣ڽǽе鶼
־ŭؿƽ
ƽڿ˰׵ݽܣĿǵɹܵĹŵӣֱһԾΪͽµоͰץڰ̽һ¡
Ҫݣ֮찵̽ΣԱݲй¶ΪҪ顣
һֱӳڰ̽һƴȨ֮ˡ
ȻûʶΣ˳ϲв԰Ρ
Զɿţǰǰʲô
뵽ʲôһȻ̧ͷĿɨӹƽлˡ
ƺԶžţǰǵعڵݵۣȷΪˣǡųȥϢ
ƽһЦء
û뵽¹γУһ£˶ΪѾ˹ŽĿϡ
ƽ˵ţȻΪ֮£Ϊ˸˴ĵ۵һ¡
ǰЩۣǰ£ȱµֱͶƱˡ
Ὣѡʲôأû˲Ҳûֻľȥ캦˵;֮¡
ƽЦ߷˰꣬ΪǱܵĸڰ̽
ڵȵϹˡ
ԶҲǷ֪ƻ
𱧵һԣ벻صͷ
˻Ȼ
л͵ǰʦʦһͬңҰЩΣյæʱҺ͸ѾѾľˡ
̫ʷΪԼղŵĻѣʦ㣬̫ûˣҲû㡣
㳶л䣬ϸ·ϵѪ޵ݼôãղűͱһʱķӦһΪġ
лΣȻģʲôûи˵ֱһͱʹʱΪԼҪˣܷܿãûʶŷӦô¡
ƽƫͷȥ˵˾䣺Ÿ棬ƭ
һȺǱ߿ƽıԶǣܽôĸ󻼡
Զƽ̸ܵЦ޼ˣ֪
ߴʱͱ죬쳤ᣬΪ츳Ҫǣʹһһǻмõӡ
֮ǰ߳ȥִʱʱĮˣԼޡ
벻ô̵ʱ䣬ôܹ׵ĸıһˡ
Ȼĵ߱졣
Զҧ֪½У׷ҲӲ
ֻͷвƽЩá
ƽȴֻЦЦлҵˣգѻȵһԼɡ
УҪǲˡ
ƽһӣʱɫĩĩһȻϸߣ֪ͬʱڵرϸܳӳѾڰס˻Զ˫š
Զ˫ۼѪͷ޵ǱڣֱֱԪӤڣҪߵľȥ
һеسȰӰϮͬҹ֮Ӱ˸ںδ
ƽһ˿
ڿʱԶùʹʱϢᱻѹͣڿʱԶᰭѹΪչ¶⹦ݣ񳹵ó󣬽˷ʤ
ƽ˫Ŀ΢أ۾ʶչİҹѰţܿͲ׽˻Զټ
ƽ̧һīлҹɫаҹвǱӵĹӰ
īıʼϸëʱȴÿëͬӲĸ룬ĿĽ⣬ڳҹһƬɫ
ٶȼ죬ۼ޷׽ٿȻֱ͸˻ԶƣһɫζУۻԶζѲ
â貣תɪڻԶͷ
вļȻͻȻ·ããҰ޴ӣ޴ȥ
ţһʹ˺ơ
ʹӶϣұҰߵ嶼ס۵ûԶɫɷףЩڵء
ƺܸом΢СĵԼͷʲôʹֱ裬궼Ϊ֮
ƾе־˷ߣããҰȥ
ī·ɻƽУɽȴڻԶϣδɢ
֡ת𲨡
ƽԴɽӹУһ
ŷֱӻڱߵϣѪ⣬ֱ裬԰ѡ
𲨣ţɾ
ɫ£һӰΡ
ֻ¶ȥ
Ϊת𲨡
ƽ³ֽ׷һκλԶΪ߹ֹڹ죬׷һ󲻼Ӱƽһȥ׷
ƽҡҡͷˣµǵܲԶ
ΪٸЩת𲨳ʱܸЩԶֻá
ƽû˵ǵ޷磬Ϣֻܵһչܳȥ
İɣӲģ滹ڵء
ƽƵЦЦ˵ʣһգ⽫ҪϴҪʼˡ
·Ӧ˵һ⴩͸ްҹɫƶ
أյ׽ɫҶӸ貶Ŀ
һ̣ÿһƬҶӣÿһϵƺʱеϴеĻɫ
еȫɫϯشϢģڡ
˿̣ƺÿ˵Ҳǣţ뿪壬뵽֮Уԡϴ
ƽֻԼǰδеůΧָоǳʣȫ뵽ȵĺУΪᷢ
о¶ŵƬҶӶ˶ĳϤϢࡣ
ƽۣײݱɫͫ
ĿݾһƽľѣͷͲˡ
ƽоºͶᶨ͸ӴƤ
˺һݲ̧ͷɫγ˰죬һ䣺
Բ𡣡
֪ļƻɱͬʱıˡ
һҹ˺ܾãҪҪһɱͬŵΪ
Ƭ̣򴽣˵˾䣺лл
лл㣬ϣֻҡ


61 ƭ
ƽģ֪, ̶һҹ̫Сľͷľ˶
ɱлʱ򣬸ܵڴҶʼȣ·ǿƤʼ̡
ʱܵһԵı˸С
ȷŲԼ, ããҰУпܵģþĬĬؽһ˺۵ס
ʱ룬ôôƭء
ôƭ, ԺҪƭӿô졣
ƽŵݴڼձߵİ׽ɫ˿, ϸ֮£ĽëҲǰ׽ɫģӳ˫ɾıɫ˫ƺһ˪ѩ
忡, ˵
˼쳤ΰΪǲ˼䡣
Ρɺǧʱ⸳ͶʣȴΪ˫ڸɾȾ۾Եô
ìܵʽ֯һ, Ʋ۾
ƽĬؿ˵Ƭ, ̽׹ȥ, õķˣȴֱܵزԸ˱ܿ, ԭأЩӲ
ķӦƽЦ£乳, 鶯
֪˵ʲôȴʣŶΪʲôҪҵǸ, лʲô
ָŵݵĿ, ָ㲻˵, ô֪ء
ָȵģأǳʶʱǸֽļ˸ûʻķӦ
Ϊ˿Ǿߣıߡ
ƽŵݵĿڣʻ۾۵š
˫۾һܺÿɡ
ȻЩӣе롭Ūޡ
ֳĬˡ
ʼѾ֯ԣ˰죬ɥ˵ĺܲ˼飬ôḻԼĸܡ
ƽЦ£ԲԱ׼ҪԼֻԼͺãĸܣʵġ
Ӧôľ룬˽һ㡣
ϵϢĺܺţ÷ѩһѩţһǰ⧲庮͸Щ㣬̲סһ¡
룺ҿˣ㡭ԼͬŶ֡
ǰãܵṉ̀仯һֱڵȴ˳ˣ˸ȥ
ֻǺ棬ΪԼˣΪƬִ֮˵ģǸʲôˡ
־ȴԴŵʶһһľÿ飬תǧȻɵķ
ֻǸܵ־ȥ־顣
λҲбеΡ
־ѡ˲ȷأǸջẦأǸûо֮ģǵʱΣ
Ǳӵ̬ɽģԭֻԣǸʲôˡ
ʱ˺ܶ࣬ǵĻûôãҪô죿
ڣԼҪúܶࡣ
ڣǧǰǸϤꡣ
֮ϲ
̵˵ʱҾáԼƭˡ
Ҹ㽲°ɡݻ˵ܾ֮ǰҿһһֻС񡣡
ݻ㷢顣
ʱûгΪûбֻһùָߴģɫЩֵ
ֻСҼѩһëŻһɫĻβ𣬽ɫ֯˷ͼʱ򣬺еĹâᱻߣóɫ۾עʱûĸ˻᲻
ƽϯضشϥϣ֧ͷŵݡ
ͣµʱͻЦЦʣȻأ
Ȼһࡣı׼жϣǸ಻Ӣǿ֮зǳܻӭкܶ˶ĽûбˣֻֻС񡣡
ֻСʱסԱߣÿ춼ԵĹʵɽռ峿¶ˮһʱС񡣡
Сûб򶯣˺ܶమĽ֪ǲŵģ˵˺ܶÿǰʱͻĴҵ磬Ҫߣ໹Ǽÿ춼±СŪһˡ
ƽգգۣȥǸǳִŵˡ
ݵͷЩƣʱ䳤ˣСûôųˣʱҲ˺ֻౣŲԶľ룬ԱԼ
ƽŵݵı飬Ȼһи˲ġǡ𣿡
ݿʲô֪
תһʱǵĹϵûرǣȴҲûеĬСԽСݣһֱס
ʱ򡭡⣬֮ٵǰһ꣬᧿ΣǿϢ
СһΪ᲻ɴݵϣ಻֮Уܶ˶ҪɱСϵıʱǶˣǸеĵλ㹻ߣ㹻ǿҲ޷赲Сɵɱ¾
Ǳˣ͸ıɫ˫ŷŭǸΪ˱СһһԼͶŹΪ滻ͬϣС񲻱ɱ
౾ԥΪʧȥˣǾͻʧȥǿıߣռϷ磬մӦ˵һһ
Ծǰֳ˺ܴĶһֱСˣʱҪԾһֱ˲䲻ȵСͻȻƵĴֹԾ
Ϊ˱Ŭʱİο֮ʵ֪
ɫβ棬ܿ콫ȫȼĻ⼸նպ졣
գ綼űҵĺɫȼСյһɶֻһһöɫβ
ȼԼǸ඼ҪӵеûԼ
ƽŵݣ»ûн𣿡
˳ͷõ󡭡Ǹʧˡ
ƽһ˿ɫ
꣬ɱͷ໹ûõԼҪĶ
Сµβ˴˻ȥȴ˴ˣ֮ʧһ꣬ٴγʱȴһĿ
Сȼµ飬ͨĽͨҲʧˡ
֮١
ƽȻ̧ͷ£òŵ࣬ǡ񽵿ܣ
ݴͷ
һʼһƭ֡
ƽĬ˺ܾá
ӦĹ¡
֮ǧ磬ÿ綼ԼعͽΪȻһֱδλȴʼαŴģ粻ֱӱռ
ΪĴڣȺҪԴ֣ҲֻͨȡΪͼ֮
ܶΣΪʲôڽı֮£֮ٻǷˡ
ԭˡ
ˡ
ƽһԼоԼĺЩתͷʣԣƭ㣿
򴽣һ²̧ۣǵ˵Ϊĺܻƭˡ
ƭӡ
ǸƭС񽵿һƭ˵ġ
һʼ֪ǴżںЩͬദԹȴȫ٣ڱݣñɵʱûκ˻
ƭӣƭ˵ġ
ֱΣգ׿
ԼҲƭߡǿġ
һûģҲеΣա
ĿԣƽЦ¡
䵭ʵЦЦʱɢеУֻ˾ᣬ̲ס뿿
ƽûоñðãô꣬õСľͷֵܼڣĺܲס
ĵݵķŰ׽ɫķ˿ĴУ˵
Ժӣĺܺá
֮γһ޷ջ˵ڣû죬ȴûκβǢĸоʮȻںϵһ𣬷·Ȼ͸ˡ
ֱƽЩ
ƳڴƬ׽ɫҶʵΪʲô
ƽ˼Ϊ᲻á
תͷʢЦ⣺ϾĴ˵֮УõµĵһƬҶӵˣһҸ˳죬ôףҵȻҪúñ档
ֱؿ۾оԼٵ뷨
ؿڣ˵ָܣȴûͣⲻǵһƬҶ
ֲ֪һƬҶӣ͵ߣ˰ɣá
ƽ
üģͷ۵ʱ㻹ǲ˵úá
ô˵ȴͷŵݵֽƬҶҧ
ҶӣϴҲԹγԵĸоƺ̫һ
ϴƬҶڣֱӻǷȱ
εҶȻɫûб䣬ȴϴҪС˲٣ҶƬҲ࣬ģǸɾıҶ
ƬҶڣƽо˾ҵı仯Щס̴ӵ߳ҲϷˣ¿ʼϢ
ݿͻȻԶ룬ĪЩʧ䡣
ƽоڲƵ޲
ǰǷȱζҩͷĵҩֻܶݵ޲
ϴνͺڵߣõҩݵ޲õҩһٵϸɽ𵤡
ȻЧȷʵŶ꾫׼ľ飬Ѱ˾Բ¡
ƬҶӾȻ浽ܽƵ޲
ƽ֮УԺֻһͷ
˪Ѷּ˲١
֪˶ãƽŴѹоһ
Լʱ壬ƬҶӳ޲ɡ
ƽѵ¶һĵϲɫ
ӽ󣬲Ҫֻһˡ
ĬĬ˿
ζܿ࣬ڲһһƿˡ
޲ƽԼΪȵͣ˽𵤾ԲиһƣûзǿΪƽ
ǲ롣
ֻ޲ϸȴԾɲȱ
ΪˣʱҲ׽ᵤ
ƽ˵ӣվߵǰעһͷɣİ׽ɫҶͳ˷ī
ݼˣæǰȥʵ⡢Ҫʲô
ƽЦ⣬ȴһīʼմЩīһʡ
ֻһӱܿصһ৵һºˡ
ƽƳģŬѹǵĻȣʣЦ
ϴһΪӹ̻󡣴˿Ӧö鲻ֻˡ
±ֿ죬ʪëȫĻһ±ļ⣬飬ȴ˵ǹζֻǾȴӲط
ݼúˣƽʱȴʷ棬Żٶȣϻţī𽥳͡
ԼܿһΡȺɽ㽻֮䡣
ȫƲסԼƽ಻סѹԼ򶶶ķȣ֡
ˣβһƬƴϢҪӹ󷨣Ϊڡڻ
ƽ¶ѵõ緢õԼ¾һƳӰӡ
ǷޣҪӹ󷨣ȻҲ÷޵ֶ
һ⣬˲ٷȴܾöûлˡ
ƽ±ʼȣһԴġɽȴָӴ׳ȺɽͼȻϣܿ죬ڳī£֮С
ܸоԼͱϵиȹˣžĽҲԲ
ǹ֮лδɢͿƽ˱ʡ
ͷһٻȥԼҪ¶ˡ
ƽֻһǹ˱ʣתͷϸϸŵݣ۵ʣ
ˣϻ㶶ʲô
һһգҿҲǲѾԼαװ״ε
ҡң˵ǣҾҲԡˣû͵ûʲô
ȻҲ
ȫ˵
ƽҲ̲סƫͷȥЦ

ɢгӴܵĻԶ⣬û˷ᣬϧÿһÿһԼ
Ӿ֮⿴ȥϷƻ۳Ƭ˷غ¡죬ըɽ˶춯
ɽפص˺ͳӵĵѼֲ֣ζشģ˵νȥļʮˣмƾ
ţ˵ɣ߼¼ͬʱƾǳ棬׳۰
׵ģͬʱƾƬཻѰĽҪǲһܿס
ˣ˵׼һѣ£˭˵׼ء
Щɽµ˲֪Уƾٽ˱ԤĻҪࡣ
ѩΪѾ㹻ֻһ··æ;Ϲ֮ʱûʱƾһֱѹΪ⣬һٽ𵤡
ƵĻϪϸƾ𵤵ѡ
⣬ͬĵٽᵤ
һҪͬʱƾľˡ
ѽᵤл˵شⳡרעԼ֮С
ƽһԣ۲ɢڸܵӣڿĳʱüͷ
ϢңɸһܲסڵĴȻѾƾıԵ
ɳΪ˶ҪЩǰѾᵤ𵤾Բ
ҪģǽӤ
ΪԪӤʿƽ֪Ӥա
ԪӤоͺʹǰȫͬնһ磬ʼط
ᵤҪٵֻһףӤȴߵ
вΣա
ƫƫҪƾ࣬ѰӤҪΣյöࡣ
ƽĬĬս˽ڳߣĿ罣
֪˾ٷ֮󣬿Ǵʦ㣬͸ñʦá
ƲɫͳҪƾ֮Ϣ˶塣
ɽϸȥһ
ͬʱƾɽ٣
ھ֮⣬׾ܽ
ν׷ͬѰݳЩ
ˣнӤ֮ˡ
ӳ̾˿̫Σˡ


62 ֮
ִ˾ʿΣ, ֮˸ֻ̡
ƺֻһ˲ǹȥ˺ܳʱ䣬ɫѾװ
ɽʱ, ľѾճʱ䣬ɫȻˡ
ѡ΢ɽеһߴɽ۸ֶѵһ澰У̾, ʱˡ
ʦҪϰſ, ʦͬҲĹʦ
Ժ֮ǰʵյ΢ԫ롣
΢ԫ, һ΢ԫ˳Ұˣϲܾ, Ծܾ˭ĶԼ, תԺ
Ժֻѧûе, ζȥ硣
쳹װ֮Ǿط, ӯߵ߶ܵ谭
Щ˲ае۲ȴԼͬҲǰ·
żէֵѩ׹֮⣬سһƬɫ, ֲָ
ʱǲſʼš
⡢⾿ô£
˼ɽʱҲûй־󣡡
˲ֱ֮ٵķ桭
ĴѾۼ֤֮ٵ˴, ֻͨϹ˶żȵطǳĻصĺƽٵľӰ
֮ͷӰ
עһ, ΢ԫԤеһ仰
֮, ҫңɽӡ
֮գô͵𡣡
˺ۣƬؼĬĬעһĻкܶࡣ
ͺŰʦ֮ԺԺڿ
߾Ⱥɽ֮۵̫֮ϣ΢ڿ
᫵ϣҲڿ
Ʋ֮еĿ֮ǣҲмڿ
ߵעȫڰеһĻһĨЦݣ첽һǰ¡
΢ԫԤٴӦˣ֮ѾͿԤеǿŹǣ᲻ˡ
Ρ׳۵ɼҹ෴ԵЩļž
һȪһƬ֣һľݡ
Ǵ˵ȫ졣
ǰˮɺˮܽǰˮУһ鷽޴ʯСľԣߵȫĿ⡣
ʯһªʯϰһо֣һϮһطɫ£סһ֧ѣԵü¡
īɢס˰ݣֻܿĲա
ƺ˵鲻⣬֧ãӣֶģĥöӦģֻǵšÿɷ
֮¹ŤЦݣЩ˷ܣһرգʲô˸壬ߺͻԶ³ɹǽӽ֮û볤ҹ޹ǿɽӣĴҵɡ
δ䣬ֻؿںݺһʹƷɳȥһѪ
Ȼ̧ͷԼƷɵľֻһƬҶ
ľѣǰŵϢŭʧԡ
Ȼȫ֪ղԼǷľŭλɱǣ޴ѡ
ղѣ֪ղǷٶ˵һ֣ƬҶͲǽƷɣǻֱӹᴩ࣬ɥ
Ǹӣֻ֪
µʺͼޣһš
ǷΣֻҪǿǿܵУԾֻܰݷ
ǵĮӲ۵˱仯Գīɫ鷢¶һ˫ƵۣʱŻû岻ѡ
񣬺ڿһ
¿ˮٿͷڵϣʣҡǱ߻ҪȥҪ֮ʵĻᡣ
ϴȥ΢ɽȺ˲ûг룬һֱغ΢ɽ
ȴľǽ졣
ɱǣ޷λ
һڰеϪڽһ𣬻۳ˣѾĩ·ϵײһǧ硣
ջĿ⣬¿̣޲ɵءšǸղǾֵһ˲ɱһ
߳Ƭ󣬱ҹһǱ
ʶԼһ亹
£˰ж죬עҹģһȺˡ
ⳡԤҾֵʼٸߡ
ڷųصĵԤԺֱеӱŲ˲֪ĿΪΡ
΢ԫ
΢ԫһ̨˵оǧŰپʮż̨ףӵһ̨׵ľͷ
̨Ҳֻһȥ΢ԫԫҲֵ΢ԫԤԵˡ
ҹ˴磬ȫ¶󰵶̨ߣϣ֮ϣֻܸܵһҵĿ纳°ڡ
֮գڵˡ
˵ߣһɴŮӡ
ŮӸһǹ죬˿ǹеӶģͬµļ֮ա
̨վһ֮վһ΢ߴЩĳ˾ԵӵһСŮͯ⾪˵ĿεվȣֻܶŮӽűߣűε۵Ķ䣬
ԫĻ𣿡
΢ԫԫָǹ黮֮ѵǲ֣ûˡ
СŮͯɥɡа˸ɹܣʡħ͹λҲλǿߣѵһ֮նȥ
΢ԫԫ̾С¹ҪһǰĺڰǺѵġ
ָǹϵļ㣬ƽӱ鲼ǹ֮ϣǣţ໥ǰǹǺгͬǰһֻһŹǣҫ䣿
С¹ԣ΢ԫԫվС̽ͷǹ죬ԫҫǺóĽ𣿡
΢ԫԫС¹ķЦ΢ԫȥԤԣʮֻ֣ҫһ䣬ʵȻ
Ԥԣһ仰Ҳδ˵
С¹һ˫ɰԲ󣺡ʲô
΢ԫԫĿȻԶ̾ҫ֮󣬸ǳ£Ⱥҫ
С¹ԫһ䲻ǺܺΪβ˵
΢ԫԫΪһ䣬ǰġ
ʦҹóԤԣ֡
һᷢӦ֮¡
ȴδһֿԡ
ڤڤӰյĽ
ֽ֮Уõһ֡
ԫţǲ֪һ䣬ܲӦˡ
ȻһƬɫܵӰĲߣǲԵķˡ
һգڷǶԣǺһճϢͨӡ
һȥʱȴɫȫûбӺڰ岽֮޷壬
˶Ųѣһš
ãȻ췣𡣡
ڶķǹڵأߵţĬϣ뱣ǡ
ݻʳУһ˻Ϲߵ¥
һۣͷ̣һѾ޴ǹϸ¥Ŀ
һ·С׷£˼
̼ǰ£ȼƣ췣£
ֱӹڱǰסȥ·ΪԽߣ췣Խǿʲô£ʳָǺá
˻ʴӰǰͻ˾һ֮˶ݻʳӶǧˡ
Ϊ췣ǵ;١
Ǽλɹܶûжٵȵȣˣ
˻ڳҹ֮ͶһƳĿ⾹ǱȻ⻹Ҫҡ
ޣ졣
˻ʿְס̵ļ򣬽˦һͽϸ̨
ķ̨
ڱ󣺡£֮ղŸտʼʮʱٵʮʱǡܹӮⳡء
˻ʲо޴ǹڵϣ̨Ϊ֮
Ҳûж
˿֪ǴӦˡ
ʮʱٵʮʱ

ƽ´δܵ˿µĶɽѹ
Ҫɽٵĵټһ̫ʷŵʦ㣬ô£
ƽһƬɫͷƴ׹⣬ǰ˵ɽٵȵ˸ȴ֪ô¡
ǰѾźãҪɽٵ󷨸վλƷͣеۡ
Ҳһֵܹס
ƽϻһĨɫ
ʵѧ𣿡
л̫ʷͷѧ
ܵĻɽÿܵڵĵһαѧϰ󷨡
ǰأһΧٵ󣬵ڶˣˡ
ɴ˽һ󷨣ˣҲܱ޸ã˻ʲô©ҲᱻѸٲȫ
ɣһ׹
һ΢
ǵ귢ĶзֵģЧȻͬѰֲֻܽ򻯡
ƽ򶨵طԸΪ浽в֮ʱӲţ롣
Ҫ֮以ոȴҲõ˶ɥ֣ǻϨ
ƽ»䣬еˣѹøͣ·־ܴ
ʣƳҹĿ档
󡣡
ѹҪסѹ̫ƽվѹĺλһᵽɤۡ
Լڶը죬һͷĿѣ
ƽţû뵽׻δ£ƾѾ˵˾ء
֮ʱֻƻ
ܻסЩʦʦ
ƽи֮ʱȴͻȻоһĽ
ؿȴͽȺ˻ƽгͬʱ
Զŵ֮Ҳ֮
Ŷмƾ֮ˣ⼸ǰһ۵λվ˫ڣһͬʼ׼ƾɽ١
˸һȻǰǷͻ֮㲻Ϻÿˡ
ϪֽƽҲѾƾıԵŬѹԼɸһ©ƽµʦ㣬ҵǰһͬƾ֪ʦɷͬ⣿
ƽвͬĵֻЩ⣺ǲǡ
ǻлԸͬ
Ϫͣ±ԹЯƾ
Ц£λεѸǵģҲġ
ƽ£أ
ȥˣƾɽ١
˿˿ƽڣҪ˵治ˡ
ߵǸ֦ϣԸ·һС
īѾõĴСʼպһīżµס
֮£ԸҪӦס
ƽĿƽʣûзֽ֮һʡ
īɫӰȻεīɫŵâ˸׹ǺӼ䡣
Ϫ˵һ¡
ģ󣬾Ƿ
ƽ侲˼㣬ŷһٰʮŸ·ÿӴвͬȴҪ߸֮ͽ꣬Ѷȼ
׵ĳ֮УԵĿӰ
ƽɫ԰Щǰϸðȴרע֮ûһ˿ơ
֣̽סµһκ飬ûƻķ
ֱһɣޱ޼ʵīɫɢˮīɫó밵ҹ֮пÿһȴƴǹ켣ǰ·ڰ
֡ҹס
ع⳾ƽķּҹסһ仰֮˵֣ȴҲƽŷедա
һ΢ĻҡҡλΣʼƮߡ
ѾѹƵ˼㣬ŭµһס
ͬʱݼɼüרעƽûдӰȥ
ܵԵصǱ롣
Ŀ⼫䡣
Щˣͼƻĸϵ


63 ɽ
ҹעƽ
֪, 󲿷˶ͻĺҹζֻεļɽٷͬѰ
ɽ쳣Ҳйʶ콵Щ, ȴûйڵǡ
ݵľŹ΢ɽ˿̣λҲҶм˶ɽٳɹ
ûʲô˴
վǲϰߺҹҹȻ֮Ƿ׷÷ȼ΢Ĺâ, ڰ
Ϊ, ӫʩչɹˣȴûκ֡
δԾһ, ֿʼţ⡢⵽ô£
˾ǿף
ʶ̧ͷһƬڰ֮УȻը쾪ס
, ˵֮, ׹罫ҹҫ, Ǽ˹ʱ, ֻֻƣȴΡ
Ҳڻˣۼ, ֱҳ˸ַõĵյĴѰһӲŽյȼ
ֻƬ, Ϩˡ
ˡ
еһͷ
ҹȼ, ĪҪš
˻, һƬаס궯ġ
΢ɽһգ콫󣬳ʱ޴󻼣ƽ飬Ĵܶײˣ˼
۴Ժɫѧӷ·ҹɫУƽȶƶ
ɫ̫ǿݣȴ
Ժĺ۵ѡ
ʺ۵ѣã
ȴ֪
Ⱥһɧ֪ڸΣܲһֱôȥɣ
ĬĬעաɽۡޱ߼ʵĺڰ磬ֻһƬǳ֮΢ⱻھ֮УԼ¶һĨ΢⡣
֮ȼУλ췣Ҳһԡ
췣֣˶Щͷ
Ĭʵ֮أ
̾£ȡ
ֻеȡ

һֱϡ
ʵ۹ģʩչĻƲϴ
һǧǰͬʱʩչ󷨵ǧˡ
󷨱鼰ݣع⳾ƽѹۣǧͬʱʩ˴ĵĵһ
ƽ¿ľȴµļɽ֮ˣǸڵһзɡ
ʼŵķЩ
µġ
¼ͬʱɽ٣µʱҲͬ
֮ڴ˿Ӧ飬ȴϷһ͵ϡ
µ˲䣬εϻ˴룬ϲѰǰӲ෴ͣҲΪͲٻ
ֱ֮󷨻תΪٴβ󷨣޲ˡ
Ϊ飬Ϣ
Ӧ٣Ȼεϣˮ
𣬳ĵѪ۸ĿгȪϡ
ڿʱЦҰ·ӳû·ֻƾܡ
ܣһºˣﲻٱڸ˵Ұ·߹ˣҪʱ߲ˣǴѡ
ʱмһˣΪƽļƻƽ׵˵֮ʱЩָĿˡ
˵һ񣬱зɣͬѰˡ
ЩԶ̡
ԼҪߵ·δйɡ
ͬհεȻնס
ûκͳϰߵҰ·ӺԵĵ
ԼеڿЦ˷ǹһ󵨺ȴ˷ܡ
һ̣ͻȻΪʲôԼеĵ֮Ϊ
׵ײ֮ɢһҹڵҹΪǰһ˿
ȻĬȻƬ̣һ̾ʱ˹ܣһܵӣ֮ӣĽ
һļŶ£ӿ£ϯضʼϢ
׹⣬һŻԲĽ𵤿ʼϸг͡
Ϣδƽһ׵£ݺϡ
𵤾ĽֻһڶϪġ
͸ͬڶ״Ե磬нХͻȻһȱ©
˱ͻ״˸ֲ޲ȴ˵ٶȱûҪ죬һգ۾˽룬˷ʤ
ţλӿ롢λ뿪нὣ󡣡
ƽͻȻ
ȻĿһɨֽ˳ԭλ𣿡
Ľף
䣬𣬳Ľնס
Ϊ׵ıϪĽ⡣
ƽʱƽµʦ㣬ѹ󡣡
ǧ궷תݶˡ
ֻҪع⳾ڣʲô֮˶ֻع⳾
ⳡɽڴƽƿ֮£ʵҪЩûôΣա
ѩҲ֮ѹȫһϡ
˶ɽʱһֱԭصϢͼԼõ״̬ӦԽߵס
ߵƫƫ޹ȲսҲ޷ߵǰ޹ˣҲѰһߡ
ʱ΢ͷ۹һ󣬺ֲԼϲһ
ƽЦƽµļ磺ʦ㣬ģʦ㲻µġ
ƶƽ΢Щ
Ѿᵤ֮˴֮λһˣλٱ䡣
ƽܸоÿһ˿ķҹϿգһǻڽȻâ޷͸ҫ磬ǶԣȴѾ㹻
Ŀ֮£ЯĽУȡˡһڹ
źͽ˶ЩɵۣΪǳ֮ô˶
ǾͿͳһѹ£ŹɫȻ
ͳ㲻ĵҲû뵽һĿɿڴؿһĻ
ƽ·ʦѰõ֮ʱ⣬һĹעĿ
ƽЦӯӯҵǾãܺá
޷ʱҲǱ㿴ͣ÷ʽ΢ûǰ;
ǰѷִһ̹;
ʱУҪߵҲ;
߳ˣţҲԡ
÷ڹʱǲſеĹ⣬ȻǸƷ׻ͣ棬ܵĹĺܶࡣ
Ӥױǰ涼Ҫض࣬ʱª˺һ߷϶
һ࣬ͬʱǣȫά󷨡
ֳɣһӿ۴ĳ㣬һɻѹƽ¡
˵üһĻš
ҪʿĬΣԽĽֻнá
Ҫǿм֮˶󷨺Ŀøߵһ磬һ˶ܵ˺
ǽղôˣֱӼͬɵĵӡ
֮䣬ڲǰ϶ԸζԷ
ƽʮָɿ仯ţȷ󷨵ÿһ˿仯֮С
һ֣صлλѵĶ
Ҫɽ֮Ѿɶɽ٣ڳֻһδɣʵȫԲܲˣ뿪󷨣øôķա
ȻӻƳһ΢䡣
ЦһεˣͬΪţ⻥շⲻһʼ˵õ𡣡
ƽ΢΢֣صصл
Ԯ֮飬Ī
˵䣬ֱֱǿڴһ󽹺ڡ
ת𹦷治ɫضһŹһС
ǵɫЩף⹦ȷʵ棬׻һӨ͸Һ壬ŵ㡣
ʵûôĳɶ۾
㣬̫ʷ̲ס¶ӡ
ȻЩʱˣȻɳܵءˡ


64 ɽ֮ս
ʳ, ʦҲǿǰһ˰ɡ
ʱ䣬Σյ龰֮£һҲȫŲ۾
Ķɽ, ʵǡ̫ḻˡ
ϵķḻ
ŵһױһڶʱЩףһʱЩ֮ǰ˻ûüɺ⣬׵һ, Ȼˡ
һȺ˶ЩĿơ
ʱ, һϣƽ̲סˣǱƳۡ
ʱֱרע, ԳƵϡ
ųѡĵʱƽû̫ȡ
֮ڳ㣬֮, ҽ֮˪
̫ʱͼʶ, һֺĹ, ڹҲ΢뷽跨Ʊ⹦ǹ, ܽһĶζȡ
ЩЩ屾ԣһЩĹЧ, ڵףǳٷ, ʱڶʱʽж֮
ĳֹ, ˷׷, £ѣֻʣһˣʲôˡȣǣӦԣ
ļ϶͵͵ƳһۣһǸɺסôôء
ϸµڵϵĺëܴ
ĬһϣڵĽ飬ʵǿɺ̫ˡ
̵ģٲԵġ
Ǹˡ
;ĺгɽ֮ͬȴһš
ɫȻʱ˪дƷ
ƽѡ˸յһ·͵ʮȫ׼ܰġ
˪վţǰдʵȫȡһö壬ʶ巽ԿϣûôķӦµ塣
찵ֻ˲¡
˪ŶͻȻ©һġ
庡൱ʵȻƽΪƵģһӦȫΪʵͺ»һ
ؽ԰Ψ΢ɽԼ͸һ˿΢⡣
˪֪ƽ
ƽûκλɣǰΣټѵʱǶȻзգƽ㲻£˶û̫ġ
ΪΡǿҵĲУ
ڰ׷ŴеĲ˪˶һʶ׷ſʶչ΢ɽϸϸܡ
ԣһʲôǱ©ˡ
˪оΣȴĥζǳܡ
ãչʶܵһϤòϤϢ
˪ȻʶûбԷ
Ȼ۾ежȻҹɫ뿪פأƽȥ
ϸ֮£˪ˮŵð˺
һҹɫмУһչʶᴥ˸ղ㿪һĨϢ
ͺҪѶԷ΢ɽԶһ㣬Զһ㡣

һף˴΢ңֱֺѵһףȻܱôµһˣҲúܲ˼顣
Χһţ͵˿ʯͷ˴͡
߲̰ڸ֮ɳķ̫ζˡ
һȺ˳ԵᶼҪˣĲڵϢȶĳ㡣
ԪӤϸгͺ󣬳ŲһȺΧһһ߳ԳԺȺһ졣
ϳ̣ټƽǰ飬ǿǰ֮£ҵҲлҵĴӻɱ˶ᱦĴ£վŵӣʵԭʲôΪͽҲҪ֤ǻŻصš
ǰл˳ͻǼӶڴˣǱϼӿ
Ϫʾ¼ȻȻͬ⣬ŵˣлѶ־һ»ǣϴź飬λΣ
ɵӣڿһĻʱʶ˲ԣ뵽ԵԤܵϪ⼸˵ѾЩɡ
⣬ǱϾ֮ͬˣһɾδʱͬڵ˵۸ҪǴȥպⶼˡ
ƫԷ׼˼ȻѨڴֻסȻ
лһͬ¶뵫ʧЦݣʦˣȻᣬ˾ͺá
кƽһûټ¡
ǶʧܣЩҪôдҪôݾͻᱻˡ
ˣҲ顣
ߣŵðŷհѾǺܴ飬ƽ˵ܼ꣬ǵãÿ˶ǵá
˳Եÿģƽƽ˵˾ʲô뿪
ɽٽ۲ϵϴҲβٹãһǾҪ뿪ˡ
ƽԼȥ׷Զ뿪ƽԭһȥȴƽһ仰ȰסԶҵ׷ٷһ˺ķӲ˶Զĳڶ࣬Ϊ⣬ʦһڶء
ƽͬ⡣
ƽ뿪ԭЦ
ԭǴ⡣
ڴʱһȺߵ˴΢ɽײǱɽ֮С
Ǽʮǰֵⷢһڣһֱ뵽¡
컨˼ʮʱŴһͨʮﶼϣ˸¡
ĸϵȫ΢ɽɽֻҪϵһ΢ɽɽѣͿ̿
ΪˣǴߣһϳǰˡ
Ѱ
ѰżӰӣȫظȫ֮£ֻһ˫۾¶ȴҲҿѰǴŵ棬·Ѱǿ־塣
ѰƺѾϰ״̬ǰŰ˺ܾãоĿռޱСĴĸϵڰд壬ԼܸܵϵĬȴְص
ѰΪڼ֮Ҳ谭ϵþ̾

Щϵڵص΢΢ţ·ں
Ѱ֪ٷ꣬ĸϵͻȫĵĵصס
ʱΪĴ
ȱʣµ©
ʱ綯֣Ͳôˡ
ѰЦֻ̾ϧ˾޵ȴΪУǱֻܲˡ
ӻͳһĶذȥЩͷˣ֪ǺܸܵذϸֵѪɷ֮
˽һҵһʵĽǶȣذһͱĸϵ֮С
ʹ֪Ѷذ
ѰЦһذͱĸϵУῪʼѸٵȡ
ӴΪС˿ڶеʹĪ˥ȥȴ֪ԭ
һǧǰǸĬĬ͵ȡĵһ
ѰѪеķʽǸ׵ļһȴϲñ޴
ĶΪЩд⡣
ΪûκεѶȡ
ϾﾭӪô֪꣬һ

δλΣһ޷ˡ
ѰţذδγȴоİͻȻҵ
̼䣬䡣
һ׳ĸϵȻӵص׿ʼ鶯صоڷڣǵصɳʯ£Щǳ档
ѰӦ죬̫ܿխ˾ûôˣֱӱϵһ³÷˳ȥڵϡ
ͬʱɽʯ£Ǽʹѹ˵صס
Ѱɫһʳָһˮٿھȥҧⲻ
·ʶһ㣬ӵխĵرʼѰ
Ѱ鲻̫ÿ

ܱ֮Ϊ飬ֻдѡ
Ѱҧгݵû뵽绹ĶСʵۡ
仰УһֱпĵٿȻۡ
壿
ˡ
˵
͵ƭСͬһȺˡ
һʮͬʱ趯ʱѰУ׳˶ϵҪѰС
Ѱֻѡ

Ѱ˲䱩ǣļޣС˾ĸ߽׷ӿ޾ɳʯȫĿ֮۳ɳѹı
ޣ޷ӳʵС˾ʵѾǲСˡ
Ѱ䣬Ƴһ̣խİбѹȴֱӴ͸ֱȥ
ϲñȴᡣ
ڼʱѰ˲䱻ɣ̵˲ʧ
ѰôҲ޷һ˿һԻػ
Ŀ¼㵣Ƭ̾ʶ⡣
顭ôܣѰ˻ƵⷽʧȥΪôܻ飡
о㵲ѡ
飬Ƕʼδġ
ǵļƻҪˡ
ɽۣݵĿĮ
һϣص۶ȥʮ׳Ѱߵһ˿Ҫ׽
ںֹͣǰһ룬Ѱ¶˻Ƶġ۵ûо壬ƶЦݡ
ûеȵݽֱ˵Ծˡ
ȻʶѰַͨʽӴܳȥæ׷˹ȥ
.Ѱ귢һЦֱĵĳȥ
㣬ֻҪȥͨ󷨴ͻϽ硣
ѰȫǸط񱼣ȴڷһʶ˲ԡ
طղźѾ;ˡ
üͷ΢壬δ׷ӦʱоһȵĶѸƲɵֱüġ

Ѱȫ޷סԼҽеʹ࣬һ˻С
һ·գ˺ѣĿ־ʹࡣ
ʹ޿ײ룬ճ޴ӡ
Լ䣬Ѱһ
ǵһϻ֪λûС
֪˶ãѰޱ޼ʵĥɵۣһӰͣԼǰЦ˵仰Уˡ
˶գգۣЦ˵ߣˣͱ˰ɡ
һƽ˵仰
ĶƽĿ⵭Į񽵿.лصϽı֮Сӻȥǻ鷳
˵ţ˰üģͬһ˺Ѱʹ
ղʩչŷȫԽڵ.ܹܵļޡ
Ѱ.ʱͬܵش⧲֮²ű֡
ƽЩƣ֣
߹ȥ˵ãɿĵط
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôҪôԹԵӦ˾䣺Ŷá
ߵƽǰûü˵ݾ͸оֱ̱ԼС
ƽԭء


65 ֮
ƽȥʱ, ﻹ߬ĸ
ѰһĸӷѰϣĸ
ݴûƽܽӴ, һɵˣɵվһź֪طȥ
ĸһӷҲ͸Ŷ
Ѱ߹˺ѵʹֱ࣬קŸƮںһߡ
޹Ƶġ
Ѱֱ޼, ǰ˺޲⡣

ɽ۵ɢ, ֮УһȺ˻ΧһԵԡ
һƽ²ʶԾ
, ϴѾɽҲ˳ˣΪξδ
Ժ, ˲Ų¡
ɬ, Ҵеǰϴ, δֹô飬һײ˸顣
ٳٲ, òҪǹɣ
̫ʷʧɫڰɡ
ȻͶһ񣺡ǺúóԻǺÿ԰׷
̫ʷԽ棺ȻῪЦ
Ȼ
ҧЩƽ£һЩʲôӡ
, ȻɨϪĵȻͬڿ˳, Сʦþˡ
ƽ²ÿɷ, ֻǵȵȵȰ, 񣬶δϴĵӣʲôµġ
̫ʷ˼άһƮߣò˯ˣ֪Ҫȥ
£ǻĳ㶼˵ˡ
һȺܵͷתһߣ̫ʷһӡ
ʵֹǼˣɽµʶ׽Ѿ˷
һЩ˻Ŵ׽ٶɹϴ󣬽ɢ˵ʱؾֹ
ֻϧûС
ͣãؼԾһƬ޹⣬оǾ
˽ۡ
Īʲô飿
ҿʷ¼У֮ʱ֮ǰйһؽ԰
ԽľԽ־壬һʱ䣬־Ĵӡ
̾һվ΢ɽǵбߣϼʱѾʱһ̣չʢ֮ʱκؼȴûС
ҹɫлɽ;ܶҼɽӴˡ
Ϊһϣڼ֮յݵ˴ѡ
飬Ҳ޷ˡ
ͶǸˡ
ĴͬĲ²֮У΢ɽȴʼûж
ڲ²籩ĵ˻ڰ˯С
ݰԼıС
ܴչĸϵܹһࡣ
ߵ֦Ϊһݣ׽ɫҶƶһŴһƽ˯
֦£°ʹҶϣĿתؿƽ˯ա
ʵô뷨
ֻǾãۣҪú˯һ
ƽһƬҶӣӯ塣
ʵܶ˵
ǲĲ²⣬̫ʷǾ䡰ǲ˯ˡ
ȴûд򿪾һмž
û˯š
ĳһҹΡ

ƽٶʱ򣬸оˬ˲١
ƺǰеƣһбɢˡ
пûмľǡ
Ժ̵Ҷ磻˪дҽ飬űߵҩ¯ҩʹ˸ع⳾ͥǰԶģʷǰѣ֮˵һ֣ˣҹõӴ׺Сּ࣬вС񶼱С
ƽûԼ
󣬳ĬΣƺȷʵйһ졣
ʱȷʵԺ
ͥԺ⣬ûʻһĻ
ӾʱгƽһתͷͿݽͷҶϣĿתؿԼ
۾ˣסûǰǽµָ·ĳ֦ϴľҰˣھ棬Ҳܲġ
ƽעӵãõݶʼԼǲʲôʱ򣬿ƽԼ˹ָ㡣
ǰ쵽ֿɼĵطܵƽϢ
ƽƽĺİ׽ɫ˿ͬɫҶ໥ӳģԵСݸů
ƽ޷ؽĲԼ£΢΢׵Ľţ񲻰ĵɡ
̬
ʲôȫᷴȻܻ¶ɾЦݵ̬
ƽǧ֮ΨϤˣЩζ̾
Ȼ
ָ⹴ŵݵĳüһǡ
úܺãǽ
ݻһܵվƵϺܿ츲һ㱡죬۾ԲˣԼüģһ˼ģ
Ӱȥ˲ʧˡ
ƽЦЦôᱡ˵ӡ
ȥϳɳɵһԾ£Ѱľǰ۾ӸµؿѰ
֣Ѱ˲ٿ࣬ڿȻûʲôɫһƫͷȥ
ԭĺܺã۶Էʲôҧڡ
Ͼ񽵿ܵ⣬ֻҪʱ䣬ȻܻصϽ硣
ǳԵͷˡ
Ѱţ̬Ⱦ͸ӲˣƽԼһҺεı顣
ƽҲżʵɣһ
ƽѼӲӣЦǲµһ㣬ǲΪֻҪŹ죬ͻյϽ籾ĸ٣صȥ
ѰĿһͣŬԼֳȴǾ죬֪ǴӺε֪˶ĹϽѶϢ
ƽֱѰ۾ζˣΪѾ֪񽵿ܷ֮һ᲻κκ֣ô򵥵İ𣿡
ָһöĸ߬һźķֽ
ĸͬʱѰоԼǱ˺
ܿƵطʹذ
ƽۿţĮж˿ͣ
ֱһ֮Ѱ̱ھУɫ·ЩʹŤ
ƽŷµؿڣֻҪҲ룬޷λ
ѰѾԼڵĴĿضƽ
ƽ¶һϷЦݣɵΪˣӦñɣ
Լε£½ִһ򵥵òټ򵥵ȴ񽵿壬ʧɢ⣬ٳٲ顭˵ǻᵣˣǻ㲻ܿˣ
Ѱ޼ƽĿеƶ
⣬ưܵУʲôʱôһˡ
ȥҪһָͷܰȴϽ֮˽⣬﷭˴ˡ
Ŀ⣬¡ȫѰܾ֮ǰһˡ
ƽ۾ͼпһ˿
ܡ
ǸǧǰѾ͸ˡ
ѰӲƽҲż洦ѰһҰݣѰҰײС˽š
񽵿ʵ޲Ҫ¡
ԷԼġ
ָһξ˿˵Ŀڡ
ûϵܹǱȥˡ

ѰƽһûпݵӰ
Σĵһ¶ͷôɡ
ƽһԾϣܵ׷ٷлԶķԶ
Ѿ򿪰ɣһмҪҪ
Ȼû¶棬֪ݾڸ
Ƭ̣ˡ
ƽȻҿ˰
δ䣬ݵӰһ³ǰ
ܽϵݵš
ţƽоһ˫ȵֽס°ڣߡ
ƽ̧ͷײһɫγС
ֻǴ˿̣˫лȼա
˸ȤȴֲҿСޣһ˫޹ͫ
ݽƽ߬ãָԼղű׹Ķģ
ղǸһΡ
ƽȻƬ̣תЦеϲ
֣صͷϲҶչ΢ҡҶӣϣ¶ζ
˵˱飺ܲܣһΣ
ƽָʾͷ
ٴؿһ˫ɾۿ
ƽٶһǡ
ͬǰƮƮķεҪ֣صöࡣ
סģƲסԼǵЦ⣬ֿʼ״ΣҺϲ
ָԼĿڵĵطڷѿ֡
ƽָĿڣͬ˵úüסָо
Ŀģڱ
ѾȺ˲֪õڵӸܵȲ塣
ƽ»ƽټһ̧ͷȴ˼һĻ
һǿ
ѭ̧ͷȥͬҲһϡ
üǡ
ǿ֮ǰģ˾޴ı仯
Ҷԭİ׽ɫȥֳһǳۡ
ɫǳϼ뵣紺ӣǳȴů
ĿһĻ˶Ŀɿڴ
ؿÿһƬҶӶű仯ֱױǳɫҶͷƳһƬλõҶƶ
ƽһѾ˾ĳڡ
УͷһƻõķɫҶ֯ɵơ
ڳЦ


66 һ
˲, Զһ˳ȥ
ȫȲأһ㡣
ȥһɲǣԶޱ޼ʵغڰһ¡
, ղΪƽҹףڵ񷶥֮һ΢⡣
䲻ҶĿȴʼδϨ𣬿Ȼ֮ϣҫеĵط
ղ, ĺڰܵòǿҡ
Ȼž, ֮ձûҪ¡
ԶѸٸվ㷢źš
߱ѣشԮ
ǵ, ˴ĵþ΢ɽС
֧ԮӦúܿ졣
źŷ󣬰ûл
ԶЩţԼ, ռƻ, ʱӦ, ǣסˣ޷Ӧ
, Լٶ΢ɽײĸϵ֮ȥ
޾ĺҹٶ޿ɱ
˿һƬž
ž֮У˸׺˼Щ
Զ΢ɽײʮ֮İʱ֮ǰзһ, ܾԼƺ©ʲô
Զ벻ͨΪʲô߸ðôķձ졣
쳤, ͬһʹ, , ܻεһ
ȻҲɵܵ̽Ҫ񽻸
Զ벻ͨʲôô
뵽һЩǰԵ˳
Զüͷ壬֮ǰ˵ߵʱܵӶͬѰΡ
ʱΪΪȺܵо֮ǸãܵӲԸ
äĿоԻЩԭ
ԶԽԽ죬һ·΢ɽײȥĹУͻȻӵ˸ղŷźŵĻš
ŷķҪȥ΢ɽײ
Զ۾һоԼϣֽЩ
ߣ֪ʹʲôУ̶̵һһҹظоԼڲš
ٲһ㣬оԼܿͻΪǵķľ
ԶƴԼʣȫǸɳ۶ȥ
غ󣬻ԶںڰţͷųʶѰңڲ׽˻Ƿټ
ɢĳɳ;ʯȻһս
ԶԽԽҲԽԽУŲɼӿЩ
ֱܵǰԼϢϢȴûԶĪΣա
оëʵⲢʲôԣȴϵΣգ뿪
ԶŲһ٣ѵ֧ŷɱȥ
Ѿˡ
ҹУһһҫĿ
ںڰдˣȻüԶ˫һʹ
ҲһۣûԶ˶ԷĿ
ƽһʯ֮ϣϥָһö
һͷǣһһĿʵӰѰ
Զƫͷȥҵ飬ȫƾǰļľʯ̤ϣɨɰʯ
ɳ˪
̶ƵıǸҡ
һߣԶԪӤΪҹɫѪӿ
޹ڰ
ϰڰɱˣҹɫõıɫʱ벻һգԼʵĻб׷ɱ
ĺڰ·ŨˣԶӣŲͣڵϵ졣
ɳ籩ڻԶ費·ͺڰΪһ塣
СսƽоԼµĵͻȻճֹѣһ̶Ҫɡ
ɹƽϳðɱר޵İӰ
ɵظն߬ĸĸĳקѰײŸ󣬺޻֮رڿ˦˦ȥ˻ԶеĹ
ԶϢأʱ˿̣һѰ˶ײ׽ںڰеӰɱֵټ
Զ˫ֺʮʮָһŤķʽסĬ˲䣬ȫʣȫգɫɷס
ƽĿЩʶó
⾿ʲôʽȴоΣա
ƽһֻͬһŷԥؽŷȼվ
Һɫƽ£ͬʱԶɶƵط˺Ѱʹ

оԼȫȼգһڵϴͼԼϵĻ档
Χİɫǻ沢ڣȴеգҪĺ
Զ˫ѾЩ磬ڵϣϢѾ൱΢ˡ
ƽЦŹУֱͱԶĸС
ڻԶϸнһѪ
Զһ㣬ڵ͵һ飬ʹȥ
ϸƣԪӤ
Զ֪޻֮Ǻ޼ˣ͵Ȼʲôڷȡ
ƽŲңбмֽһȦ׼ҵĿꡣ
һһöָ׸ǴСͬҵġ
ƽСһƳޱؽ
ɺˡ
Ϊԭǧ֮һǡ
Զѵ۾з΢⿴Įݡ
Լߡ
һ̣ԶȴͻȻէ֣ͨ˸ղʼղ׵һ⡣
ΪʲôȺܵӶΣ
ƽ¿߶ɱʱʣݵĵһӦȴֱһҧܡ
Ϊʲôôƶߣ̽
ֻһֿܡ
Ҫɱǣɱǡ
ϣֻеԼܶԵǶɱ⡣
Զ˫Ŀ죬͹۵Ѫ˿ܲΪɲ
Ѫӿȴһһ⡣
㡢ǲǡ
ͬʱһͷһѹæΪżǿϢȻҡ
ƽȻܵˣ˿ţЦ£¶ȴһ١
Զ۾һϣƽ߱ɱ֮ͬжɵ
ƴȫŴӵ𣬳ƽϸеԪӤʼụ̀Լɢ
ҵѹ𵤾ƽƵ˼ɫ԰ס
Աס
ʱӿľһĻ
Ϊ磬ڰӰ
ԶŤƽԱƽͬھ
ͣһģӰһƽǰ
ԶЦţţĿòɱͬһ£Ȼƫ˽ӣţˣ
˻ֻϧ
δ䣬ԶԪӤʱ
һֱӶԶԪӤΪܣڻƽǰ
ɳĴƽʮȻضȥЩණ
ӳ뻪ԶģƽӹӼʱЦۡ
֧ϽԶԱķ粨ȫסû̫ķ粨
һƽϢӼæתȻҡȾѪݲ԰׵ȴ޴󰭵ƽ˿
ʱе۷۳׺ľɢ˿С
ӿ¶ͷĺƽӲΣǽ֮£ǳҽĵһעⰲȫ㿴㣡ֱӸߴһ𣬸ղŶΣգҼʱϵͱһը̻ˣ
ƽգգۣ¶ãȻ޹ı飺ʦ֪ߣ
Ӱ˰üģûӸղžյһĻлعͷ۵Ȼа취
ܴϢֻһ۷Ը۷۵ָڵ
һ·ھ֮˺ü죬ĿԽԽСֱղš
˭뵽ƽҲ
׷ĵһ۾ߺǼҪĵսһ𣬶ƽ·磬ͱɥ
ĲѣϴϽΪǰҪˡ
ʦ˶Թ΢ԫԤԣѾųܹȷƽҪҵĵǣȻһɵǣѾΪܵѡ
ȫ¶ҵǡ
ǰλ𵤾Ϊȴﶼȥʲôնɷ
ʦֶĵǴ󣬼벻⣬ȴܲסˡ
õǻδɳ֮ǰܣȫµˡ
ƽԹԵͷһĺı˵
ɽ;УԾɳü
ʱԾһƬɫδ˵ȴʼչעƽĶ
΢ԫԤԵһѾܵˡ
ǰȫӦˣһ䣬֮Ҳѵ
ΡҫңɽӡֻôӦ飿
֪΢ԫǸųһԤԾͱװԫҲ֪
ڴš
֮⣬Щǡ
֮գ´ңɹٹϽ򣬷ӦѾˣЩݡ
ӷԸһ䣬һöƽ´˹ϡ
ƽԣ֪ΪΣ΢ɽ鶼Ѿһ䣬Ҫȫ鶼ѾˣȴԼĲС
ֲĸоǱڿУε͸ðһ亹
ӽ΢ɽһֱƽһ
ǸԼֱˡ
īģƽǿչֱڰȫ֮ﶼΡ
ֻһ˲䣬εѪɷ֮Ӻڰӿ֡
ƽһϣԼĲдӺζ
Ӧһ
һ˲һҲ˲Ծ˾ѹ˲ʱֻҹеΣմ˸̱ѹס
ޱȾ㵣΢ʱҲûǿҵУ·ֻΡɽǰһֻСĳӡ
Էѹѹӵ³һѪֽҡҡ׹
ӳţһƺɹ֮µһˡ
˸ɴؽһ˵ģ˵ɹ鲻롣
İ˸ɹ飬ӱش֮ݡ
֪ɹ飬ûûħ
ؽ԰Ϊƣ綼Ϊĳ
Ȼǹ޵
ߡ
ĳˡ
ƽоӰԼɣɫϯ֫ѸٵѶϣȥǻĿ
ˡ
ת˲䣬Ӱǰ֡
һ£ҹɫΪһ壬Ψһͷѩ׵ͷڳҹ֮иۡ
Ѫͫ˸£ƽ⸱Ϊ𵤾Сģʱлһ˿ǣܿ챻صɱȡ
㵨Ӻܴ󡣡
ԭΪڹ֮ң˵ģӦͬǸǿʿ
ȴû뵽˼侹ȻСˡ
۵׷ӿѪ⣬Լһ˿ͣСɱ㶼Ȥ
ˣƽȴܵһޱǿĽ᲻κε˲һйա
ƽǰЩףоԼӿҪնϣ߲ɱĥйߡ
ԹɹΪҪɱһֻϻ򵥡
ƽ۵׷⣬Ҷ¿Уȴǧ֮һβǿҵ
ͨɫӰݸߣ࿴ƽһۡ
ȻҲֻһۡ
ڲţƽоԼѾҪղסī
ʹķ߷һƮƮصأһŽӻɳȥײɽ֮Уӵûʶ
弫µʹ֮£ƽӱޱ
ѾҪȴѵԼɳƵ˵Ҫɱңáһ㡣
ƽ̧ͷҵ鷢紵¶һ˫ƻ۾
¶һЦݣЦúܼѣȴ
һ㣬Ҫ
Ѫͫ΢䣬ֻڵЦ̫ۣѡ
ָһϣӰƽɵøƽ˫۱۶ϡ
ûзһ˿ʹ˫ȻųߣһԶ޷۶ϵ
Ϊҽߵ𣿡
ƽÿ˵һ֣ǶѪĭڵȫȾ죺
ңȲҪ뿪Ǹ뿪㡣
ƽᣬÿֶڳŪһѪˮ
ųһ˲ʧƽҵһ˿϶īɶϣʼ絶ŭն£ɳӰʵΣѰ޷նϡ
ܵ󲻶ϱƽ˪ϢѪɫͫһ˿͡
˵öԡʱƽǰȷʵҪһ㣬
ƽȴһ˿ƶЦŰɣ
ཻܹˡ
֮ǰ˪˵һ仰Ȼֻ˵һΣǶء
˪Ұˣغá
ʱ˪ôشģ
ʶɼ䣬ƽţ˪ǸŮˣûһûʱͷһ䣺һž͵üܡ
ʶƮԶʱƽЩʡ
ÿһڵߣԼȴû뵽Ϊ
ƽȴЦ˵ԣһ㡣
ϵ̼ųߡ
ڽҹ˪ץعѳעǰҪ˪ʱһᡣ
һٴѵĻᡣ
ƽѾ͵˵ѵϰɣĸֻǸۡٲԸϣҲֻΪĶ㣬УҰСû𡣡
ŶҲԡƽЦһЩҰСӦøһ㡣
㲻ʧȥɣʧȥֿѡ
ⷬȻŭ˳ߣ߬һΪŭĻ
֪Ϊʲô𣿡
֪Ҫʲô
ƽоԼĲˡ
߸ܵ˪Ϣɿرƽһİȴε˪赲⣬Ҳ˴ķ
ƽ΢Щ
ۣѾ۶ϵֽסīûдߣƴִԼ
ֱƿţմȾԼĿڹ̵Ѫ
ѪīıʼȾó죬ֱͷѪΪīһѪķ
ǧ֮ңޱԫԫ΢Ȼ
СͯãȻԫôˣ
΢ԫԫʱѵɹδ֡
δ֣ǿס
ڴ˿̣ƶȻը
һѩâʶ·ҹɫС
ݺݽ޾ҹ˺һѺۡ


67 ҫ
īʼͷѪ˼, ΢ɽص֮Уܿû
ҹɫɽµɽ, ԼɽһѪɫΣȡԭƵϣͷֱ׹
źҹӳɢ
ƽؿڱԼһѪѪϵӿţɫ˲ʱ԰, ʼϢȱΪȡ
ѪҺ½, ĺɫӰֱӵ˳ߵϡ
ڹ̫ʱ䣬ߵķɫѩ, ɫѪֱѪ԰׵ĶԱȣֱۡ
һ, ƽѪҺǴĳ, Ȼߵ̳һС齹ڡ
ɿ֡
ڴ˿, з·ĳεǿӲؽ߱ˡ
, εƽ졣
һ㶣û뵽ʵ֮£Է
ǲһ
ڵУȺŷɥ֮ɫſ֮ʱҲ˼֡
Ȼǲͷˡ
ֻǲΣյͷ, ȴﲢᡣ
߿ӰٶϯӰȴ·ƽѪ, ǰ, Χƽ̽
ƽû, Ҳʵûиľȥˡ
˺;ʹÿʱÿ̶ֻץʱ䣬ֶػŷ
Ծһֽ֮īıʼ֮УͷѪΪڿлѪɫ·
˽֪֮һ֮Խ߽ףڵԽ࣬ıԽ
ʵҲȷʵˡ
ԭеԴӵһ֣ûиʱƽˡ
ʯ֮䣬ѾָĻĵķʽѡʱȴѵ֡
ķʦԣѵĲǻķģ򵥵ķ̲ƻ·
ʹȫԵΨձʵּȣǸûյشӰ졣
ͷѪ˵ĳٶǰɫն£֮գԼռ䶼ơ
Ŀռ䱻˺ѣ¶΢ɽ񷶥鲼Ƶƣһͷ޾շ籩
ƽȻоĿڵĴӿѪʱﾹһƵͷ
˵ﾹȻôѪġ
޳δ뵽ԼȴҲڸǰԼ顣
ŷһǧǰҲֻһΣǴʵҲ㲻ȫĳɹֻײͬЧ
ȻײЧҲ㹻ˣһںѶΪ˾̾ѣع⳾صظǰһҹлǵҹס
ֻƽԼ֪
ǲġ
⻹ļޣҲҪǵӡ
ŷѣҪڶ̶̼ʱﻭ֮ѰʦԸ޷
ƽһߵĹͷоƵӿֳһ־Υ˷ܸ
ǰ˵ܲȫһźǽŷĻ
̫רעƵϡ
ûʶͷѪѪ΢ɽ֮ɽ졢أ޲ڷű仯
Щ仯ȫ˲Ϣ֮䡣
֮վ֮۵ĵɹһֱӽǻƽߵα˺飬һֱƽͷ­նȥ
Ҳڴ˿̣ƽ֮ɡ
֮ҹסŷķҪö࣬ҲҪöࡣ
˵Ƿ˵һŻ
һȼʣɽձ¡
ѩϲˣϵ֕Nݵĳ£ĿҰ
ü򵥣ȴûκһطͺӹɽѱУʼɡ
屻ɵĶʹұ˼ޣѡ
Ѫɫɽ֮·Ϊһ壬գѪɫıʼɻްתΪң·ȼյ޾Ұ˲Ϣ佫ضȼ
εķҪƽٵȼˡ
Ҳ
ͷѪɫڽⷽ޾ҹеأһ˿
Ҳľ
˫۾עⲻȴ㹻ҡ
ȴվһţٶȻعɰɫ
޲ʧ䡣

ݻʳǵߴ˻ǰѾ޴ǹĿ
ʳĵһεǻ֮Ѿûȴôˡ
ؽ԰еĵ©ɾҵҵ
һҲº˻ʻգ۾
ʮʱѹ
ǹǹļڵ滮˳
Ե󣺡£
̸꣬˻ʵҲʴȣ͸¶һЩζ̾ޣѾʮʱ
Щ꣬δҵȵʮʱ
Ƭ̣˻죬ȴŲɵơ
ʱˡ
ǹļѩâڹ˻ʾʮӺѰᶯǹɵ˸ǹ
⶯Ҳжδ˻ʵ֮Եò̫ء
̻Ȱ˻ȴָ̧֣ڿлһԲݶ˽ȥ
˵Щطǻʳǰʱ䣬ǵķСũﶼַǷЩطһҹƻ磬ڶڰֹס˽Ų
һ˵ţתǹļڷ̨ӲϺݺݻһĿĻǣ򼫰֮հ֮ⱾӿĻ˸Ƭְ̣ȥ
˻Ԥƣʧņ̀Щڵ·бϡ
ðЩǡ
ֵ̿ţ缸̫ӿʼԼ˾ӺػʳǲΪһա
Щ꣬˸˵Ҫˣи߸ĶţҲһתۣҾѾ˶ߵǸ
˻ʻ벻⣬Ǿ͸š
֪ʱ˵ʲôǶݻйϢǿջ
˻ʾ飬˭Ҳֹ
ڴ˿̣ͬ˻ǹ⼤ĻһҲһطһǣҫۣ·һŹǡ
̼ޱȣ£쿴
˻һ£׿ȥɲ׽ǿŹֻһ˲ٿȻ׹䡣
˻Щʧ䣬Ҳֻһ˲ָ˾ǹ⼫ڵĻһһʱҲ
˻Ҳżڼ֮Ҫȼѣ׼
ԶЩĵطȫѾԴ
ǿƽʱٳֵ΢мϲǽš
΢ƽֻмʶ֮˲صһ˿ǡ
黤ɽ󡣡
΢侲´ָµ֣صˣɽá
΢һɫܵ̳ܣ뻤ɽ֮⡣
ɫ䣬еʵԭ΢ȴˡ
ûк˽͵ϰߡ
ֻһһܵ߷壬ƽǸ᲻ģߵܻɽ۴൱ûϯضϥִ档
Ҳڵȡ
ΪԽߣ췣Խء
΢ָһ㣬Ϊȣָ˭췣Щ
Ҫ˽ɹ顣
ܵشԴ֮أҪϣˣֻЩ뿪ˡ
΢أƺԤϵЩ˵뷨ܡ
͵⣬ʳõǼ˪ϪǼԼˡ
΢£˳ȥ
ͬ£͹ԪҲڷ
ûԼųڵ䣬˿̶Լͬͬѡ
µ뿪Լֻ
ڵĻɽ󣬵һ硢һݡصĹ
ǲ֪֪΢ԫԤԣǲ֪Ǿ䡰ҫ
Ƕǽϣ翵Ԥϵˡ
޹ҫȴҲܷμ֮ռȥ
۾û΢ôƢֱһӣкûкһбӸϵ˱ɽ֮⡣
ҹĶݣͼĲֻлʳǷ̨ϵĻǣһѰԺ
ԺǧѧӣԺĽϰȰţһһζԸߵģԺ˼ǧ
ֻ֮ʱŻֻĵѧǹֵƣȴֺֻǺǵ˵£һҲᣬǵףף͵ǰˡ
Ϣû취
뵽ڻִ΢ɽǸѧϢҲЦ¡
˭ǸԼѧûа취ġ
ڰ֣ԺĽϰǲȰǷԸԺаϵˣȥɡ
˽ٹȥˣԺĻ󷨿ϡ
ɨԺеڷŵλãͷ۵ذ˰üģЩʲô˿ûˡ
˵ţڵɹѹչĻԺ󷨵ۣһ۵Լһϡ
ϢЦ£Ժﵹѵôֺġ
Ժ֣ܴ˿ȴѵô
΢۴ͻȻеķˣκˣֻƺһڡ
ͷ˲䣬ͷһâ
΢£ûʶԼѾվ
˲ϢţͬʱҲ˺ܶĿڴĹ
һϢĳĬ
΢ͷ˺ܶ飬ȴһԲڻɽ۴һ򵥵
ɹܣһ̶ѾԼƸĻء
ĻⲢûΪҹʴϨ
ڷв˲֧
΢ѹȻܣеʢۼҪܵĻɽܡ
˲䣬ղһŵĻһ׵Ĺâ֡
Σâûɢ
෴ҡ
û뵽ȿµʽǳġ
նֱ£⼴֮ǰͷϵײϣˣն˺øˡ
ƽʶѾʼɣںҹãƺڸܵһߡ
Σɹ
Ӧǳɹ˰ɣ
ܵ˹ȴûиܵɽӦеƽһЩ֮еĲʡ
ѵλǸƷ
ѣһɻ
Ϊʲô
Ϊ߱׾ٵɱΪûУ
ʵϣ߲ǲ룬ǲܡ
ڲԼ񷶥ѻӳġ
Ѵ˿񱩵ķˣÿһշ籩֮ߡ
߷֣Щշ籩ڻסƽ
շ籩УƺʲôΣյĶѡ
ڴ˿̣΢ɽеѿڣƽߣ񷶥ѣԭȲǷ籩ڵѣ˿ҲΪ˷籩ڡ
֮Умܹٵصӿÿһ籩ӿϤ۵ƽδɵǵУزҪȫ
Щ˲ó߼ϢǻȻѹܸܵԼһ۶˼߹ǣ߹бϣҪҪ
ʱʯƴӳʮޱȵļ̣ķͬʱ̳ͱ˸ɸӡ
ʹصģó߲ͻȻ˭
벻ⷽأ˭޻֮
ڱ֮˪ȴܵˡ
Ϥ
˪Ŀţȴֻڴѭȥ
΢ѸӣͬҰԭƽɽͼĹ켣˲Ϣڡ
âʢţ֪ʱΪ֮䣬ըľ׷·ĳԤ棬̶ǳҵ׵Ĺճء
ɽӡ
ƽ֣һǧǰͼȴûг׳ɹһ
˵ҹת˲ŵǣɽӾǳȼơ
˿̣˷ص˶ˣһǻ΢ɽ
գһ׳󣬱ﶼ
ҫңɽӡ
˹ߵףм촹һ·
΢Ŀⲻ˸ָ£ȼһػ棬ݺһӣŻɽ˲Ϣԭ
͹ԪĻҲͬʱ𣬷·Ϊⲻ˼һĻ̾
Ժǧյĵǧյƹһ᲻ɴݵ󷨣ǿȥϲ죬Ҳ
˻ʵǹ̵ľ߶ն£һǣڵȼ˻ʳߵķ̨
ţݸٸ̨ε
ǵһΣ̨ϳֵĲս̣ǳҹơ
ݵݣԼڻһ𣬺ߵĹңӦ
ȫµ֮۶ƽʶ¯ŵ
Ŀعѵ˲䣬ƽ˱ʯͱɸӣǰöĳߣ÷īҲͱһǣҲڳĿƿһ󶴡
굶ƽ̧ʱĿӵ
գֻ̧֣շ籩ͷͻȻǿһ
ϤҲֻᴥһ˲ܿͱ뿪
Ѷʱպϡ
ƽǰպϵѣͼ߬סշ籩еȴǴš
о

Լ
һǧǰµһ˵


68 ֻǲ
⻹ǾһֵĿδˡ
ƽѾպϵķ籩, Ჽߵǰ
ʯӸͱߵ壬ʯϲѪ涼졣
ƽѾղսʱĽȣƽЩ⡣
߹ʪŢѪ, ﶸȻһ뷨
ԭҲǻôѪġ
ڹټѪ
ΪɹĹ޵֮ǿ˾첻ѡ
±ʮϵʯ壬Ҳǻš
߸ܵǰֱ˵ȥ˹
ǹδɢƽָһöֽ, ɿػһŷ
ͷ޷ī, ÷īմ˵Ѫŷ
īŤŤ൱Ըմ˵Ѫ
ƽοǰʱ򣬾ܵҺҲûմ
īѸٱԱԼŭ
ƽо, īǸˣһҧ
ǰδƽ۵, һڵΪ޷ƿصķ
һ, Ѫڻɫķֽʺһ, ŷֽ
Ҳڴʱƽһ󼱱ĽŲ
ǽŲִ, óжż
ǰδӰǻжξ룬ƽϳ˪Ϣ
߱ش볷˪ı, 󳹵룬ҲƲס, ֻܸ˪ǵķ
ظ, ʯ϶, ƽΪҪɱʱûжǸûзϡ
ȴ˪ĽŲһ»
ƽһŵľš
۵ȴһϣͬϨڴЩʲô
ƽǰµţЩӣʵûʹ֮£Ҳ鲢𡣡
Ҳ²£ǲ֮ʱȹ
ͫ͵һƽ֪Լ¶ˣ̶Ϊ㣬ҲΣ֮У˺ܴĴۣ԰ɣ
תĬؿƽ
Ŷֲ¶ˡ
ƽĵں֮ܶǰҲһˡ
Ϊһξ֮أ޲ߣΪԼôԼرǸ
ƽÿһֶڳߵĿڣеĳɫδˣŵѪ˿ŲУķӦµһҲû
ƽһ˿ȻɺǸ˷֣˪еΨһǡǡ෴˪Уκһ˶û𡣡
ƽ䣬͵£˫ͫһ˿΢⡣
ϲֲʣһ㲻Ըϵıӵƽݲ
Ĭ£òǵһְ֪ɣ
߳ĬصͷѪӲһ·ʡ
£ƽЩͬˡ
֪ҽʦƺô𣿡
ƽЦ˵֣ݵòҽ߳ҽζ֮㣬;ߣоˣħֵޣжûʲôͬ
ǰ˵һ仰ҽߣβˣȫԸ۶Է˭Ĳˡ
ƽЦ²£ô꣬鷳û֪֮Ĳж٣
ƽ˵ţȴ˪ôڹɼ
˪֮һ鷳ı£ϵڶû˸ϵһ
Щ鷳дС󲿷ֶβ˵ʱ鷳
ҲûйЩɹһЩ鷳ں
ʱʹǣȻˣΪβֹ˪Ϊ
ʱ˪ԼţҲá
˪ϿȥԸع⳾Ҳ˵ҽҪ飬ΪҪֹ
൱ʱԺ룬ӻҪУܵøЩʲô֮ɱأͬҲǹٳţƽľ͸˵߰èԼ鷳ЩбҪĴۣűǣܹҲǽˡ
ʱǸս˪һϵ鷳˪ԾԲסǣƽﶼŲҼˡ
˵ֵⷬѣôҲͳ˼ˣ˵£㲻鷳
ƽŶڣô˵˪ûϢص˼Žӣ֮ٴֹͣ˵⡣
ԱǬӡ˪ƽ˴ɵһܸ˪
֪սͶЩĶǼԱ֮ߡ
ƽⷬ߾ȥ˶٣
ҲҪˡ
˪ĽŲƽղŻõķҪϳߵüġ
һвûбܻϸ˪
ߵüֻһ֮ʱ˪ˡ
һ·񱼣ڶˣһҺڵطΪң̬ܶЩӲǻûȫӦµ
ߴͷѪ£˪ͻȻ˪֮ʱģ
ʱվµ׷ӣֹĳսѾƣ˼㡣
Щʱգϵһɣôֵֵá
һɵûˣֻ֧ƣһ·ӣͬѵĺΧ֮£һѻոɾһУԼ
ǳġ
꼴ʱһ
ʵԷƽԼЩͲͷڵʱĳһݵر
˵𣿡
ʱڻѾ˵棬ִһ۽ţȴá
ãȻţʱûԷ·룬̶ҵġ
ˣ֮һߣһ
߻ʹֵġ
ʱüӹް֮ɫ˵ҽʦҴҽʦ
գͬΣã˳ա
ָ˶ʯȥ
ϲл棬Էĵȥ۽š
ĽŲ΢ӹߵģٿȻԶ룬ֻеɫۺص½Ǵָ
ȥץȴֻ˸ա
룬ԭ
ԭһж룬̰顣
оֻһ鷳Ĳˣأ
Ҳˡ
ǲڶ࿴ԼһۣپһΡ
Ҳ֪һֱŵͷ̧ǵѪ˳һеĲҰԭ֧ǰ
Ȼ˪ǸûһֱӹߣǰǸͬѪ߰ߵӰ˵ôôʲôҿ
˪־Ҫǿ·ˣƽܲһߵһ˵û£û¡
ƽȥһѪеֳһƬ֪ʲôʱҶӣѾûд󰭣ֻǿˡ
˪ȷʵŵˣҽռϷ磬ϸϸɨƽһۣĿⶨڿȥ˵Ĳ
һѪӡѾһƬϣ˲̶࿴
˪ֲ˼£ǿƽסƽ󣬸ܵǿ˿ƽ˵ġû¡֡
˪£ƽһǱӣͷֱðת첽ȥ
߿ȥ۾ЩûھͿ˪һĿڡ
͡һضʯЩһѪ
ƽظں棬һ߿һ˵ĵ㣬Ūˡ
˪һ٣תͷŭĿӣ˳㻹ҵĵŪˣ㲻ǳʲôʱôûϢˣ
ƽƢȴЩ˵ǳع⳾ھֱƢ˵
ۼѾȳˣ˪߼ţƽӺסˡ
˪ԶЩԼȴָ߽һö̼仯С
ƽ˭˵ŪˣֻǶֵ˵ң㲻С
˪ķŭЩ侲֮ƽ˼
ҽߣҽǾߣɱߡ
˪죺缸꣬ҲûմѪ
ƽᣬȴܼᶨǲһ
ʱǶڣֻ˪һ˹ػϡ
ǲһ
˪ƲͷȥɿĨ˰ۿתۼƽемߵ۾ϣͷڲ˺ճڣ
㲱ˣ˫۶ѹָǺһ߹ҲϹ⻹
ƽͷҲأӦˣҽʦôǿ
˪򴽣۵֮ɫȥǰվƽߣıУƽ˿ڳ˼ˡ
˵ıͱƽҪأһϵѪˣѪסðҪˡ
˪ۿЩ΢죬ȴѾƽĹϤˣһʱɺã
ƽ˫ָԺЦЦĲˣȻ㡣
˪Ӿԭ򣬸Ͻʣ
ƽΣúúãΪʲôҪһ
˪Ƴ۵˺۵ĳߣãҪƹ򡣡
˪˵ţƳϣ̧˸󣬸ζԻ֣ص
֮о˰ɣ
ƽͷĽȤЩҵĶ۷ʱڣȴڵĶҪι̡
ҪǿԸϵĿӡ˪ɫδ飬©ϵʱضԿǣɹͬһȫµ硣
ƽ΢˪˼
Ľһʱ
Ŀԣ˪侲˵Լ飺
Է٣ΪһܣԸűԼۣ˷ʽŸѣԼӳȥ


69 
Ǹ, ˪귢ҲǼ¡
˪߳ߣͷԼ˵
һʯͱȥһ㣬ϵɳʯͱѪƽΪ, æŪˡ
û˵ء
˪ŪһѪװͰ͵⣬˲ɣҲ
ƽͷǴҽʦ
ʧѪ̫࣬ԭо嶼ʼ䣬ֱһߵѹ, Ҳ֪ղžһ, ǰŮĲ¡
ĬΣƽߴٵշ籩ڣҲ, շ籩ڸ£ﱻ˵ʲô, ֮ҲС
ڿ, Ȼȷһ⣺̳֪ɣ
ƽͷʤ֮һ, ΢ɽº̳΢ɽܻ, º߾磬̳ʺƾ֮ء
ȥУȫĵ߶¡
ֻϧʤصĽ൱̣ڵ΢ɽ, ɽһֻÿҲֻפɽ, ֻǴֵĴŲʸ, Щɽ֮, ܹģǾ˲㾺ǿӵн΢ɽʸ
֪ʤصĽΪ̣̳̳Ȼȹ̵Ľ磬ܹףܹȹ꣬ʿڶɽʱħٶʧͬʱõ֮٣̳ȻȻ˲ʿ׷ǰ
Ǹ߽ʿڰ»֮ÿһ󾳽磬һظնħ٣ԽǸ߽׵ʿԽѡȥ̳ɽ٣Է⡣
ƽȴˣ̳죬ǽ̳Ƴһ󷨣һصɫζ޶ѰĵɹҲ޷𵽵ΨһãǸڴ˵ضɽٵ˵ϸУһӡ
ΪɫΣҲûκεʶڱֲʱ˭Ҳ˵츳ʲͬЩڵȻɢˣЩ˵һ֣޷ѿЩˣڵڰвȡǵһգǷֵʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
ѵ¶һ˿飬ȴǷЦЦǣܶ˻ӷѡеԼĳ
ƽͷһ뵽˺ܶϤĶ
˵ӣɺˣ
ߵ˵ͷƽĳһأ̧˪Լ͸εĿ⡣
˪Ƶ֪ҵΪҪ˰ɡ
ƽšʾӦ
еɽʱĶ
߰ڰıԴﵽĿĵֶΣҲɵֱʡ

ƽѹֵʱỳع⳾
ع⳾֮󷨵ģ̺ѹʯΪʯΪ̣ɽΪۣ֮ع⳾ġ
˪ûغһһ뵽ع⳾Ľ֣һܡ
ƽʵȻܶܶ޷ôֵģ㵱ʱ̳ɽʱҲ°ɣ
ġ
˪æûͷûԵһ䣺⣬ǸĸǷϹѪͳ䡣
ƽȻ
֮ǰйһ˵֮ϣ塢塢ħ塢塢干ͬ棬ÿһ嶼ǿѪͬеǿѪϣпܻᵮӵѪ츳ĺӡ
˵һֱֻǸԣΪһ壬ΪԽߣԽѵã˵Ǻ嵮»Ѫá
Ҳѹ֣ߵ츳ٶ˾ˡ
ڽµʱⷢܣ㲻ԷٶΪҲΪĸʱĵɹ顣
ƽ룬߷ֵжྪء
Щ̳ɽٹʿ˵ҲнǧˣҶΪٰϣһˡ
Ⱥ˵Ϊ˸٣ͱϢֲɺˣ֪ɺ˳ʹɲٿǵķʽ
㵱ʱ¸߱𣿡
߳ĬЩָͳҲԹ
ްƺһЩĶ
ֹ֮˶ɽ٣ʱᣬûֹɽٵΪѾ췢֪£Ǹ˽ƣ޷ֱӶ˵£ҳԹܶ෽취ݸҵʦ֡
ƽѾµ˺Ĺ¡
Ȼ߷̧ͷʱ꣬ἰ£ŲƽͿɬ
ˣҳɹˣҳɹĵڶ죬ʦˡ
߶£¹˹ƺѹϡ
ƽ̾Ϣģ
͸¶һ˿ãȻҡҲ֪ǶʱҵʶȫǿնģҲȷԼʲôѵʱʦ־͵ǰҵĶŹɽµġ
ʱ֪̫򵥣ֽȻȻ̫Ĵ
ܣûɱֻ˽Ϊ棬ţ޷˵ȥ˵ȥˣҲû˻š
Ϊ˵ˣѾˡ
ƽԼԼõʱ۷׷̸ߵ¼ˡһ׮ɱͬʦ֡ԼԪӡ
֮󣬹ԪڲƵƵеЩ鶼ͷϣ֪ôȥҼڹԪȥ£ʦ𡣡
Ϊ̬ڶеֱϣϡ
Ϊ֪ãķʽ죬ӽ͹ԪֻѪꡣ
շ籩ϻڣ˪˵˺ܶ࣬ߵĹ¾͵ͳһͬġ
֪ģΪԵʣһֱأҲ鵽̳ʱҵ״ȥĹҷֵ۲һʱգָһӣԷ֮˻
˪Ƴ˳һۣЦڿǾ˸ǡ
ͷܿ񣬿񣬾͸о񱻵ӽһ˺Ѱۡ
죬֮⣬Ҳ൱ǿͣҲܼʹ̻תɹޣҲԳסĵӡĵӡΪԼһΪ˹򡣡
ƽףΪεʱڹʱôǿ
˵˶ɽʱشʵҲӦµ
ڹʱʵûµǻص۷״̬ˮ
ʱΪԿһԱܿɿӵĿռ䣬Խӡ֮Ҳ֪Ⱥж־㣬ӦϢӶ˵ˣԹܰôЩꡣܴɢĶӦǸӦĵӡԱ͹Ľӡ
˪ۣƽĮŹһĽ
ƽΪųߣԺ仰û˵
ƽȴˡ
ڻҪȵ򳹵׽ֹ֮
ƽˡ
ɱķת»һԷ߶ţû뵽̶̼ҾȻĸ
ӷüȥΪ˿Ϊ߾ҵķûߵķӦƽֻǵҿԽ÷ңһҪ󡣡
˪۽һʲôʸҪ󡣡
߿ҵҪǣƿĸ
˵ţɫϡ


70 ֻе
˪ӹĸ, Ǹӡ
ƽ÷һǧǰͽ̹ҲǵӦ֡
ƽĸƹĸоô
˪ڸܣò̾˷ܼˡ
ĸ, ˪оǻصҲǰһѹȺͱˡ
ɨ۳ߣƽһ¡
˼мطƳ˴һʼΪ̳һĶŷֲ, Щɢڸص, һתϢسڵǵĻǣƳʺϳ䵱񽵿ܵþߡ
ƽͷһ, Ȼ¹γеǡ
ʱ;òԾ¹γеľת·Ϊڸʲôãֻʱ̫, ݲ̫ࡣ
˪ͷ, 뵽Ψһİ취, ǿųߵĸӦҵһЩ󷨵ĵطǲƻ, ֱӺϣֻһµ󷨸ԭеģͬת󷨣Щ˱ת񽵿, ǳΪޣôǿҲǻ, ǳΪʬ⡣
ƽĬΣ˽, Ǿͻعɡ
ԼڹһҲ֪, 㵹һ£ҪɶԿ⿿Ǽˣ̫ˡ
ԼС
ƽ𽥷һĹʡ
ҪֲԼ²ʵʱ
շ籩ˣѾԼ⴫졣
΢ɽײΧˮɽïܣǸõطϧսѾҲĸϵ¶⣬ûɵţŻЩ
ƽ¶ĸϵϣβָӴϵƤԱο·ӦˣһСϸ֦ҶȦס
ƽʶſΧĶ֪ӦúܿҵԭĴֻʱȸãָϥϣáû˪˵һ俰ƺŵĻ
һҵ廹ڡ
˪û룬岻⡪
˵һ룬סˣ۾˼ػʲô˼壬ĸ壿
ƽһ̯֣˼ף塣
˼һɽӣǻʧܵģһ֮͸λ棬ǵ
ȷǾԼʲôġ
˪һʱԣ૵⡭ôأ֮ٵһף㼴ɹ֮ʴ󷨵ķֱϣ.Ϊ촷ۣĿܡ
ƽʱǰʹʹ̫̣δɹ٣ȴЩ뷨
Ƭ̣ƽ˪.Ϊ촷ۣ
˪£ҲҲǣʱڴ֮󣬾ǧ֮ңֻܿ죬һ˵㣬׺ϸڣȷʵ֪
ƽ̧۵һƽ޲ô֪.Ϊ촷ۣ
˪Ĭãʶʲôһ㣬ôزѣۿҲһȦǡع⳾˵ġ
˪ҹڴ֮󣬼֮طֱǼͼع⳾ˣ߲ǻصȥæؼ֮ص
ع⳾ΪˣۣĴƽɽ֮ؼ
˵ǳɽ٣ֻع⳾ࡣ
õһԤϵĴ𰸣ƽ³һֳ︡һЩ˵ζ
ع⳾֡
ƽ棬ͷ˼ǧ
ع⳾֮˼Ϊܵһع⳾ĴϻֶۣɽʧκӦѾӦ󷨳⣬һڲġ
ع⳾ʱκˣֻܽ.͵͵ƭ˵Լ취жֽŵˡ
ƽţع⳾һμ档
׼ȥɽٵǰһҹ
ǶǽˣҲûʲôϰߣֻһع⳾ͥԺ飬ڴ»ع⳾ķϻ˸СǶûô˵ֱ⽫֮ʱع⳵һ⡣
Ҫô죿
ƽʱ룺ˣ᲻ãҲٲˡ
ع⳾Ц£˵Ļ
ƽʵûк𣿡
еع⳾ŲߵģԶк֡
ʱع⳾ЩӣǲᣬȴЩΣȻ
Σֻеˡ
ʱ꣬ٶȻʱĳƽŻȻ
棬оȦһɬԭû
һֱΪع⳾еĵƾΪع⳾ǳҪȥеĶɽһ£οع⳾Լľ޹ء
ԭǵġ
ƽ͸űʹϪԼڵߺޱϵ壬ү͵ߵ.Ȼ
һеɺ϶ɺϣ׼һ֮һŵơ
ŵƲȥ
˪ɫԭûг.ϸˣ𣿡
ƽĨ˰۾βһĨɺ죬ȴ侲Ρ
ֻ֮ѣֲǲᡣ
֮Ҫҵҵ壬Ѿ뷨ˣ˶ӣʶߵкܶ࣬Ͽعȥ
ƽһŴ˪ÿ¹ſʱһΣôҵңƽʲô¸Ž޷ϵģ
л໥֮ŽҲܳͨ衣
ִƼıϲҡ
˵һѣʱʱƽ˼ӺѵĹܣչڣõü١
ΪĵһǺвﴸ꣬һǺ˵ǹ޵ĻֹȣΪ¹ţҲʱĲҰ㲻ǺҲᵣԼй¶ʵϢɱ˶ᱦ
ˣֻ˫ܹȫα˴˵ĲŻụѣǹޣ˵ѡ
Ϻ֮˪ƽͷ϶ŵΪ𺳣Ͷšֹģ
ƽЦ޹ôѵױƵ𣿡
˪Ҳǣˡ
ᱻһ䲻ǰѡ
ӣ˪ų߸Ͻ뿪˵أѰһصڣǰƽһҩ⼸ζҩͿϸˣҪ졣
ƽɨһۣĴ󲿷ֶˣʣζҩҪҵҲѣӦ£ߴһĿ˪ͳ뿪
ǵӰոʧƽ͸оһϢԶ
ɫ޲ӵվ˵һĳȴɾϵѪ
Էһ𺳵߽̽ʵû£
ƽͷЦ˵ʦ壬û¡
ӱƷɳȥײ΢ɽϣʱ˹ȥԵʱ䲻ڸܵǰĺڰɢȥ֮ʱɵ۾
㿴˴Ϊ𺳵һĻ
һˮīɫɽ֮У·ҪضһС
ԼڿĿ΢ɽ뿪ӿշ籩ӷ籩ںɢѵһˣƽδǿʵ
һĻţҲ˻𺳵һĻ
֮Уһ׹ƿҹ
Ƿճɽɽˮˮǧ򻧵ɽͼ˰硣
ʢǰм¼һп˸ʱĹܺͱΨıɽͼԶʧټ
ɽգȫµ˶¿Ǹɽͼ
ڿþöƽϢ۾ƽɢһĹʡ
ԭˣˡ
ʦһֱΪƽҪҵĵǡ
ɸղƿĲǡǰ
˴ǰƽ˵Լǰľʱĸ׶ദٵ򶴸нܴУ֪ʦҲ֪ǰ֡
֪ǸܺͱõˣȴҲ˿
֮ΪΨֹ
һ
š
ˣˡ
ԼЩȴǰ಻סļ
㡢ĸסںδ
ƽգգۣһ˲
ΪӲݣ취ҽڻȥûôһ䡣

ǰһѵĸסǲǰ
ƽ


71 ĸ
ƽΪǧ, ҲʳĬˡ
˼һԼǰĴ˰죬ӵԻ·
ƽıЩ΢, û뵽ӵ˼·ػ۵̶ȡ
ķӦɺĬϣȴֺԼݱ¶
æģܣҺʦ㣬κ֪, ڲ˵, Ҳᱻϵ׷׷顣
ָѾգζ΢ԫԤԵһѾӦˣ, Ӧ˵΢ԫԤԵǰÿһ䶼ӦϣʱΪҪҵĵǣȴһ䲢, Ǳղ֮ġ
ע⵽Ĳֻ, ӦöѾˡʱѾвڲ²ɽͼ⼫֮յľǺˡ
˵ú͸, ѹ֪ԼһʼҴ˷
ƽ
춯˶˵ɽ֮ʵɽͼ, һҲ֪Ƕɽͼ⣬˵Ҳá
ϡǵԼлȴûиκεıע, ڵˣΪɽͼ
ĺý, ûвõĵ
ƽǸƤû, ô˵, һҧԼԼ˴Ů
˵ҲҪɵġ
Ƭ̣¶ԼãȻı飺ʦʲô˼ĸôǰ
һԼҲ˵ĸģ˰죬ãȻδ˵ʧʱҲδ˵ȥڼ˺ܾãһֱȵȷٻˡ
ɺβΪλʵеķӦһʱ֪ηӦ
ļ˸ʽʣ֮ǰ˵뵽һɽ˶ŷֵĹΪɽӣ԰ɣ
ƽ۾ͷʵʱĸӦѾ뿪˰ɣһˣûʦָôģҪ֪ѰҲҪ˰ġ
ƽ˵ûҸоǸȻľͽڣҿŹĶֱ̫࣬Ӷˣˣͺ񹦷һ
ǸȷˣһΪӵƽ֪֪õⲿģ㣬˿ɣʦͱ޷˹
ӸпⲿΪƵģרΪ׼õġ
ƽȲѣôܡ
̾Ϣ¸ĸİ
ȻкܶǺ©ȴӷԲѾвµȫò
ǧ֮ǰλ²֮ǰ֪ԭ򣬲û紫䣬ԸԼŮ
ֻߣǰʵڴģ֮У˼ֻһصΪչԼŮֻģŮЩԼʧˣټ
ƽӵᾪȡ
ĳ̶ֳ˵ȻЩףĲһЩ顣
ӿƽı񿴵һ鱦Լ͸¶ŴȰ
Ļ΢ԫԤΪӦϾͳ˵ͨˡ
ֻһˣԤȴӦ˵ϣԭǲܵġ
ԤԱжϣƶ䣬ƽͬǰ޷׽ǰǵȳȻ֮ˣȴܲ׽ŮĶˣ˵˺Ϊһ塣
͸ղŵıǰ䲻ߣʱʱ̹̿עΣյʱ
Ҫ֪ǿհ
ʱм˸ն֤Լʧÿ֮жҪֵľСӦԣҲֻǰˣҴ֮ʩԮ֡
̾Ϣǰ尡
ƽڵֿ佱Ѿ治ɫյȫˡ
ܽݣۿͨģȻһ㣺ʦ壬¡̫˼ˣһǲ̫ܡ
̫ܽǰɡԼҲ˵Ҳͦ˼ģ⾹ȻĽ͡
ûƽĸ׵ȥǰĴܣԼɣ¶ȻҲ棬ǰڰĳطעŪĵķƱá
뵽Ӵ˸飬˺һƽԶЩҲջļ֣ͦñֱһȻǸŵҲǸȰĳŮܺáı飬ƽȫʲô
߳΢ɽ£뿪֮Ӳ˿Ǹ׵ģ¶һְԵı飺ƽʦһ¡
ƽ΢Цʦʡ
ɤӣѹСðһ䣬㸸˭
ƽ
ޱ飬ʼԼǲȷģôЩ꾿ôΪͷŵġ
ôţڣǲס
ı飬Ӳ˼Ǹĺܺ档֮ǰ˱飬йǰ龭Ĳ²⣬˵пܵǽͷ衣
ƽ̣Ļ˻ȥ
ʦ㿴Ī̫ʷдɣ
һƽͼҵһ˿˵Ӱӣƽϣʦ壬Ŀǰûκιżз˽ͷλĻ񣬰ǰ˵òҲ޴ȷ
ӣ⵹ǣ֪ǰģ͹ˡ
ƽ
˵ģ˵߷࣬վһ𣬻ܱɸĸŮʲôġ
߳Ƭҵսƽ΢ɽµĳмܵͬš
ƽۼƳƽӰɱǰһȺͬҲһܹ
ƽһѪһлҪȥҽݣƽ°ƽȥһȷûص˺ֹסһȺ˵ľš
ƽЦ£ûµģһѪۿˣʵûʲôˡ
ƽһۣ˵Ҫȥ׷ԶǺڵʱûţһȥ
ƽڳУĴǻӣż֮⾪Ķǵʮʱǵ񽵵İ׹⣬ڿоþòɢɽͼӺζ
˵ƽǸˣǸˡʶƽ˲֪࣬˭˸١
Ψ֣˲֪˲
֪ȻҲ֪ıɽͼ
ɽͼ綼
ƽͻȻ뵽һ顣
صפأ̱һ뵽֮С
ȻһȥͿ˽ŵӡ
ӵ֮ռ֮󣬼ƽͷҹ
ӵı൱Ŀ
򣬾ǲ֪򣿡
ӵ¥Ȼķԡ


72 ֮
ƽһ, Ϳ˪Ϣͷط
˵ȫᱻ֣
ƽ
˭뵽ء
һӺѣҲǵһοԭĺѻϢʲôӡ
е˼ʹõĴһ, εӳԺ֮С
ǳĬϵ˽ԭ򣬴ѶϢûֻ֣ƽ忴ĸо
ôһĹ򣬹ڡ򡱵۾Ѿ鲼, һɨ, ΧƯŵǴ඼ǹµۡ
ƽǸһȦòǵķӦٶȡ
侲ܽһĿǰҵҪǷֱ¼, һտƿ֮յǷǲɽͼڶɽͼ, óɽͼǲǰ, ǰ, ΪѾЩںδǰ, ⴫ѾʧɽͼǲǱҵʹãʹɽͼ˭ģҲǴĵģһ˵λ, ǲ֪ǰ
ܲݶǰȷճֵĻеһ, Ӧþɽͼ󡣡
֪ʹɽͼ˭, ĵϣǰ, ǣǶڵ𣿾ͺ񿴵ԶͻȻ߻һ
¥侲侲Ҳߡ
һ£ǰĶ֤ʵȷʵǾͨҩ󷨡Ķֵλ֮ǰķԶԵϡΣ򡯻شɾͺ˵󡢷Ե˽ԿΪٵϹŵҶϹʷǳ˽⡣
ƽΪ𺳵һһ¿ֱµ¥ʱѾĵذǳеķԣЩɢʱ򿴲ߣȫŵһ֮ȴǸоѾԼԼġһ˵ˡ
λѣǿҷʲô˵ǰͺ͹ǰͬΪϹ˫赣Ĺϵһֿѡ
Ҹоĺ֪ܶ𽥱
˷ܵӦ̫ʷҰɣʱоǰо͸ľ̫ʷˣǰĻţǿɲֳɵİǰ𡣡
λѣǻ©һ⡣һλ˽ĵ˵֮Ǳؾһѣ΢ԫԤо˵ˣܹƽ⼫֮յˣҪѰҵĵǡ
ȵȣô˵Ļǰƺһж
΢ԫԤԵǰô˵ȻͨŵǰϵӦˣܸô㣿ѵǰڲܣ
˵ǰ΢ǰǰĶԴ˿ʱǰĹһܣһ鱱ǰӡҲǨƵȥܺǰȷʵǧ˿Ƶϵ
˵ôеûĶ統ֱʡ
еˣֱƽظĸۣϣһشͬĹϵ
һʱ䣬ƽԺ˳ǧѶϢʾֱͷۡ
ƽȻ˵ĬĬߣ뿪¡
ڣֵΣֻҪһԼ٣Ǹġ
ԣڻʱƽԼ
޷ȷԼ״˻̫ǿû㹻İ֮ǰ
οںܶĬĬϡ
ƽṴ¶һ˿΢Ц
ʲô˵Ѿʤǧ
ֻĵ˲ܼ
뵽ղۣƽһ󵨵ͷ
浽ҪʱҲãʵҲգֵӰܹһǧ׷档
̫Ҫˡ
ǺͿֵķΧ½طķӦͬ
ƺҹɽͼոʱ΢ԫԫĳ׷
ĬãһʣСͯЩɻ󣺡ԫԤӦˣѵΪȥǲˣ
΢ԫԫЦһţǲˣǡȷһЩ顣
Сͯ»֪𣿡
ԫΣһ֮оͷùǶݣȴҲ֪ģкܶ飬ҸĴȥǣȴҲֻܿһƬ飬ܹףȴʱֻĿȶδԸıվ֡
СͯţЩѹԫ˼ǣ΢ԫĴڲû𣿡
ԫķġ
Σ֪ΪҪڹԤ֮󣬷΢ԫڲ²𽥽һˮȴֱӸ֪˭𣿡
Сͯҡͷ϶֪ԫһԫĵ
ԫ÷ЦΪʱҲ֪Ǿ˭
Сͯȵ۾
ԫصָͷڴǰݵĽֻңδһ˳֣δĽпõһҲһһ
ԫ£ָҲϣҵ
ϣȵܹسǰʱѾܹȨʱ
ԫۣӿͷ
ˣƿһ˲䣬⻹һ˫۾ע硣
Ǹ񣬷̰ʣһ˿ײη塣
ҵñ
ԫ֮·ղ΢ԫҲٲյ徻ˡ
߾Ĺ֮΢ԫȴҪԵûҵöࡣ
ǵģҡ
˵ӡĪ⡢Ӹ¡Ȼ⣬ǿľ
ɽͼ֮쿪ʼˡ
ѵһΣȥΨ׵ĸλãλá
δðһϯ
һ⣬ȫߣĿ
õΪԷλһһңֱλ
˲֪ڲṹʢϲ񣬴ֻרעλ
ֻԼǸӣϲȴҲǿԺκ
ңûҲȫͳ졣
󻤷ɳȥλĿһɨȺүı龡۵ףĵЦ
ȺƤųơˡ񽵿ڼǴ˽֮ˣƽ۸ڶǣֻǿһɽͼͳ˵ҹټʹֶԲߡ
뵽󻤷ҲЩľ
ʵ˽ǸΪˣ˾ж¡
ʱǧ꣬һҲȺˡš
δ룬󻤷˼ͱˡ
ұһʵҪʱ̣Ϊβڡ
󻤷εɳ¹Ī⣬ܹܵ˵ġ
ɳһɴζȣΪ˽أ󷢴ȱظ硯ĻᣬȾ֪жֱ֪ܡ
󻤷ЦȴڨЦɳټ£Ҫ£Ƚ飬ԺҶʵת˼
һͷһüߴԲˣ񻹴ǣҪ˷ʱ䡣
񻹴ɫƵ֮£λҲˣɽͼǸŮ˵ɽͼ
˵ǸŮʱڳе񽵿ܱ鶼ЩмƤһ飬Ŀ¶ɫ
ü߻ҡͷ֪ΪΣǷȻ죬ȷʵӡеɽͼȴͬ
˵ţϻǵ۾һǧǰǾ캧صһս͸¶ԲĿ־塣
ɽͼҹǸҪµöࡣ
ü˵񻹴ǲŵϿȷڳˣΨԺǸŮ˽֣Ψۼ֤ɽͼⲻɽͼǲζţ黹ô㣬ǸŮ˸ˣкõɽͼԷӲȫ
ü߳̾ϢˣǱĴ㡣
꣬ǸŮͬļ飬ƻɴ˵ļƻǼǧĳı֮
Ҫɹˡ
󻤷ýζϣô£Ҳֻһ˶ѡ
û뵽ѿڶȻ˲ɲ£вʶԼĳ̬߳ŭصһԼ
󻤷ʶȤرˡ
ȴ̬ȣǻһսпɴ˲ֱӲִ˽֮£Ҫڴ˽£ý˽˵.ƶɵĿܲУֻǿܣҲǴ˽һȺս
ƫƫֻһˣնɱǰȥʹֶβͬѰˣǶԣܵ.˱ˣٻһǸŮˡ
˵ţ΢΢ǸŮˣֱܹӽ꣬.õı.ͬԼҲ᰽ıҲ֮䡣
󻤷Ȼѡ
Ѿǲ壬Ƕʱ䣬жϣɱ˴˽е񽵿ܣһսɴ˼ʱʩԮ֣ҽѣ˵ҲǱһԱ
һЩĶ˽ⲻ񽵿ܷ׷׳˿
󻤷һʣΪʲôôȴٻشֻǳǧҪС
˵֪꣬ǱŵǱ𺳵һ˳
ã󻤷棬һԸеŮ˼ž
һ洿׵ߣҰϻѪĻ·͸һаԵġ
˵Ѱǰ΢ɽȥִδء
仰񽵿ܴʧɫ

һһҹʱ䣬йڡǡ򡱡١ɽͼĸϢڴ˲ӿߵﶼǵ۷׷ס
Եķٶȼ죬죬ƽİ汾Ѿ¹ʮֱ֣ӷչɡǰѾһ״Ӵҵɽͼͼɽͼͳ
ƽ
аɡ
Ů״ӣĺ뷨
ھǸһڸĸֵܽóҲᾪˡ
ҹܣƺмҪͬ΢
ʵҪƽһߣƽϵؾܾϴȻҵ΢ɽֵʱδΪͽܹӡ
ӱͻĸ߷ڸò֪룬ֲֻƴ˽ƽǧһҪʦõİȫһͷ뿪
ƽԷزɡ
ֻһĿġ
΢ɽڶ࣬Ҫ취ٽһգѰıڡ
ξͲһڷ籩ڱԵǻ
Ҫȥ


73 
, ƽȥֹһΡ
඼һǧǰȥҶֻձԵǻû̫ࡣ
ǵʱǲ, ûбҪ
֮г޾ķ籩ֻʣһеĻ磬մȾϣ֮ʧǱ糹û, Ǿͻͬһʧ֮С
Щʧе.ʵû, ȴеġ顱ֻܳΪеʧ
ҪգƽϴԶΪ, Ҫ׼
ƽȥ΢ɽһУò˵Ҷĺһ, Բֵ΢ɽжҶĵ档
ƽ߽Ҷʱ, ܵĵ, ԱֻڴפصѰܵӣδ, ¶׵ЦʵλҪЩʲôҸ£
ƽҩڼ¥ԼȥС
ԱȻˣҩ, ҪĳֵҩҲֱ¥˹, ϳĵҩ, һƷƷҶе, ҪƷϵĵҩĻ͵ҶʦרˣֵĻҪǰʱԤһЩϡҩģʱ仹ҪһЩ
ƽѾϤǰҶ˻ҶʦֻǱܾ˶ѡ
˵Ա·ƽ¥ҩС
΢ɽǴĵֲҩԴΪḻļط֮һ
ֲȫĸϵڵɽ֮УѰɼҲҪӸҲЩ纱ϡֲ
ƽ˪ҩһȦȻһҩĴҩĶҵˣʣζҩһֻڹһ͵ȥˡ
ƽǿǸǮˣҶɨʽһȦȻвٸ࣬ƽõҩ뿪ֹ΢ɽ³ǳеķС
ķмûзˣȫߣ͵ĵ⣬Ϊڴ˴פػˣ˷еС̯ҲǾ࣬ҶΪ
īϴһսȫˣƽҲָԼϴôõһγľ
ǰһԼī
īʵ㲻ѣϾīѰī֭֮ҲֻڷīųӯܹڷֽϹ̻ĵЧá
ʶͨõķīͨī֭ԣҲֻһǾǽһ൱ֲмɡ
ķīѾѸɽӹԴַԻɲᣬѰķī׵ķԷӳЧã˵߽߽׵ķ
һǧǰƽ;ѰķīãʱͿʼԼīҰһ˻ķī䷽ڵʱķʦ֮ǧ
ƽһ̯ĵõҩеֲǵӳ˿ȫҪ
ƽͷǵϲѣĵԼֲȷʵƷ໹ɽгֲͨȴҪöƷҩһöƷҩԼֱ׬ˡ
ƽҲЦ£ĵλѵֲص㲻ھ࣬ʡܺöطĹ
һЦԼ׬ˡ
ƽͳҴȡҩͻȻһ٣·Ӧʲôһ̧פԼס۵׻һ˿΢
ǵӼͣˣΪҪڣ˵ͼѵҩԼһֲɿˣֻһĹ򣬾ӰӶ
ƽٶȸϻפء
ղӦԼסõ󷨱˴ˡ
˰Ǳķ䡣
ƽ۵׻һĨɫԤϵ֮պжʶספض󷨣ȴû뵽ԷĶô졣
Ժ⣬ƽĽŲˣ˼޷ܿԼµ󷨣ȫûоκˣĿԼķ䣬ָڴһ㣬󷨱ˮ㵴һˮڴϳֱ֣ӽһչ¶š
ƽֻһۣ̲סЦˡ
ְԼֽƬСǱסȦϲö
վϣͼ͸󷨵ķ϶ȥһԵ۵½ǣֽƬ˲ƴҲǲô룬һݸɴ಻ˣվ󷨵۰Ͱ͵ؿŴ⣬
۵׵ĳɫɢһ˲٣Ŷ롣
˲䣬ֱͦΣͼֳұס˵ⲢûҺͷۺΪѵģ
ƽװԼûпղһĻЦʲô
ԴζǽߣϾؿϰƴСֽƬݣ۵ز⿪󷨣ɵݱϡ
ֱ˶ʾԼ⿪
ʹĵһ󷨣û뵽סˣֽƬû뵽ֽƬҲŹûκεķ϶
ƽƳɫζֵƻ裬ʱ͵͵Ǳҷ䣬ǲǿ˵һĲ
գ۾Ĳʲô˼ĺܶҶ̫
ƽۿȥ˶˵⻰ǲţ˵仰ǵݣһжú
ЦָֽƬ˵ݵԴ£Ӧ
ֽƬݶ˶৵һ»ָͣȻһǰͻȻһѸʽֲղŻֵĻҪ࣬΢ɽɽֲ֮ࡣ
ƽ£üһʲô˼֪Ҫʲô
ݵͷܻ䣬ֱӵü
ֻҪȺɽ֮УⷽԲǧеҶüרעؿܰҵֲöࡣ
䲻ЩڳմеĿռ䣬ֻڷ϶ߡ
ƽűݶѵֲÿɷ񣬷佫ȫյУ˹ָʾݹ
ҪЩĺܺá
ʱ۾һˣԿЩƽĶǳԾذ쵽ֱߡ
ƽ˳мõķ˿˷ܵǡǲǿн
ƽбһۣЦҪʲôĽ
һ˿ãѵкܶ𣿡
£ֵֻ֪һ֡
֣
ݱɫ˫ĿϴθҵĽ
ƽ£ϴ˵ġʲô
۽΢䣬ݵקţ³˳ʾͷ
ȲعܵƽĺɨԼĶͷգȵĺЩ̲סٿЩȴܵƽ߬ͻȻأ´˼֡
ԭƽĺüģȴ߸ģëɦĸо
ǿúܽƽĴֻһ֮ȴûȥ̧ݵĻͳԶ۵ס
ûٽһǱ΢ľ룬˵ģֽ
ݲ֪ΪԼ˿˵ƣ촽£ֻǵͳءš
ϴεĽֲ̫һ
Ǻϲ
ӦǸϲˡ
ݿƽĴ꣬ȻĵɫʱŵĻ
ãЩһûĴ
̲סͷҪĺٽЩ
ʵҲ˼ֻǴ˿̣
ˡ
һ̣͸оԼ챻߬ס޷ǰ벽
ƽƽ۷һ˿Ĺ⣬أЩͳ˹۵ȴûʲô飬ֱĵݵûн
䣬ƽͿݵ۾ȥԭͨ͸ıɫڷİ̡
һȻ֦չɹһգҶƬûɵȥ
ʧðɡ
̣ûסʵΪʲôҪнء
ƽΪҲϲڲ֪״±ʱʱ̿עš
һ˫۾עžѾˣٹӡ
ֻ֪ǵݵ츳⣬ģǲϲ
ڶã֣صãҼסˡ
׷ڶûбش⣬ϴƽЦ
ΪĽǲǴĳܵõĶ
ݸоԼĴ΢ָ˵ٷһ
ΪϲԸĶ
ݸоĳ֮ȴݲЩܵڷⲽš
ƽ˸¯ӽȥֲͬҺ塣
һʱ䣬ǰֻյеʷž졣
һɼž֮Уƽõס˽Ĳ
ʣһֱڵ𣿡
һվֱˣΪǵð˳յǰʪ˫ۿ
ûøʲôԣƽٶƽؿڡ
˭ҵġ
ȷȵң
һõݸˣԣֱӵ
ûбˣԼܵģٶȳֵһ̣Ҿ͸ܵˡ
ƽڵݵĺ󾱣ݺԾŲ˲䣬ûʶƿȫƽƿ֮С
ֻǣʶˣ⡣
ҺȷҪȵ㡣
򴽣ԥƬ̣뵽ղ˵ĻЩ˵ȻܲϲѾ֪ˣҪȥ塣
֪Ҹһȥ
ƽް.٣Уôϳģ
ҡͷ»Ȫ
ϵꡣ
ƽĿһ˲ɶŵݺ󾱵ֳҲ˵Ϥ顣
ȴû뵽׽֣ԼϣһԸ뿪ģ
ʵԵǸιԼһʱӡѾ̫ˣʱ̫ɢ˴룬һӰ
˽ΪĻҲӦС
һֱ֪ԼʹҪҵһܹ˽¹λ˳֡
Ҳ֪ǸѾˣֻΪĳԭ޷Ǳĳֻ.겻ڡ
ʱԼδûκα뷨ֻ׼ԼȥҵǸˡ
Ǳ߳ĵȴ
ֱҲ֡
ҵ꣬ʱֻΪԼʹ
ȴãҵı
ƽЦŵԼĲȥоӲһһֻС
ֻܹĻڵһһֻβڻҡҡȥ
ƽ̲ס棬סԼѵ¶һ˿ʵЦ
һƺĲ̫ิӵĶ

ڶʱ֣ƽõķīֱװ뼸ͬƿС
һƿɰīΪīֽܹϵȫӳһŷЧãǵͨͨīļǿ
ƿīֱǱɫɫ
ɫƿΪӰīīдµķԱʱ
ƿӨɫīζЩ࣬ʵҲճʵīȷƽղīһ֡
˵ݴеǲݣҲֻȡǲ黯оҺƳСƿɺī
īֻһá
Խ
ڽ𵤾ԲΪֻܻĽ׷طǿ磬Ҳǿ׷
طײԸá
ƿīٿס׵ķ
ƽ³һϧˣȻ黯γоҺǲ̫ˡ
ݵӧҺ΢ɽ죬Ұҡ

գһһȺͬʱȥȡפص
ƽǰͬõλãԼȴѡһǱ֮Σ񱩵ķ籩ڡ
ƽµʦ㣬ҽջ񣬴ڷ籩ڴõģҲפأ಻Ѱҡ
ƽµĿ⣬ƽڷ籩ܲһͻԪӤ
ƽһۣҲûϸδҪôͻԪӤӦˣģ˴㡣
̫ʷƽȥ籩ں󣬿Ⱥˣףôʦ֣
л͵ʦܸ˵Уչƾʱȥˣһ¡
˱Ҳûɣֻиüͷ΢壬еפصķһۡ
ȵһȺ˵ıӰʧ·ͷż򵥵°׳ѩŴ
˼ֻۣܵԼ·Զȥͬһۣۣתȥ
֪ѩڱչƾһն˴
ֱգлġʲôУһ߿ѩķš
տҲӰҲûС
ɫѿЩ߽ѩķ䣬ֻоһƬš
Ϸһ̵š
£һزˣ˲֪ҺܱǸ
ʦǣѩԽڣܵӡ
˿ţһʱ䲻֪Ǻá
ʱƽڷ籩ڣڿҵķ籩֮дճ
ԭصϢһ󣬵ʮγԽ뵽ȥ


׺
74 ֮
籩ڵ̫, ǫ̀ƽƣشӳֻҸһ, ƽһϢĵطҲ
ʮָϥʼϢճУ͸оĳεԼ, ܹдϢ֮
ƽ, ֦ԼҲ֪ʲô֦ڿͬ, ˸޷֡
ݴ¶̽ͷֽƬӳ˰֣ǵƽЩ̿
Ϣ, ƽͳֽ, ʼ¼һνյ
ʮ, һʱδҵձϡ
ǰʮ, һ⣬ȫ
ǸǳĴڣǧĽڴ˴㣬Ϊ˱֤֮䲻ụഥ, ÿΧһϣֹǧͨջӰ졣
崩͸ڴĵı, յ
ֻ޾, , ׾ܹ˺ķ籩ܹĻ磬ԼΪ鷳ʱ
ҲȥΪһ壬ȴòһΡ
ƽͣʣҵ͵бʱ򣬻Ҳû뵽ǧһԽ롣
ֽƬݴӿڴſϣ˵ҾãӦԤһ죬ţºΣգһҵԼ塣
ڽ֮ǰƽʹݣΪʲô֪Լյ
˺ܾԶĻ䡣
ҵʱҲֻǸǣʱĺܶǵöУǼӡȴ
˵ȻʱһС޷е֮𣬵ȴԼܵĽǻȫ¶һţյ˲࣬οһǣһ·ա
ձ֮ڵĻĽӦܹҸӦĴڣɵʱȫܲ
ҵļͣյıϣ뵽˺ܳһʱ䣬Ҳ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ֻԼûһֱŵˡ
ƽŵݽЩ֪Ĺ£˼һ˲Զ
ܲµǶع⳾ʲôΪҪô
ҲΪܲµžÿϧ
ʦ֮ع⳾ǹõʦһϣȻǳѰ
ƽ֪ع⳾ͨݾδֿԣðôķգһ˴ԽձϽԼ֪ʲôķܽԼ걣Լһǧ
ع⳾
㵽һУǲҲ㵽һǧ磬ûԼĴڡ
ݲ֪ƽ̾ϢЩʲôֻǾƺЩ䣬ֽƬԴȥƽľ˲䣬İο
ĬгķΧǳ̫ã⴫ƽۿȥ
м֮մѴķȫ¶ڲ²ǲǻţܿ˷ԴǴ֮дġ
Ĺ΢ɽĸƽﶼԸȥķ籩ҲռˣЩﶼˣѰټ
еӴˣֱӴ֮С
ƽ֪ǵȻҵκνյΪȥֻǸѧõڻ
״̬µúƽ˵ݣݻ¶
ָһöõķֽͬƽɫǼǳıɫ͸һ͸ʸС
ĻƷõīǰӰīɫӰīǳɫķֻֽһЩĺۼ˿ϵͼʲô
ȼ󣬻ĵİɫ𣬺ܿ˸ɾ
ûȻ䣬ڿ̳һֻƽԼܹü·
֡ȥ
ǧǰķһŷ֮á
룬⣬˵Ĳ꣬Ҳ꣬ŷЩСĶ䲻ָĹ;Ҳָŵصĳط
֮кһš
ŷûƷףûеȼȼʱķҲͬһ߽ײͬκһɫ
ŷķǰɫģǸɾɫ
ӰīЧ̶ܹȵı֤ŷʱʧʧЧ
һڹԷԵøºӡ
ǧǰɻʱƽº͵о֮˶С⣬⡱ޱȵƽͣʧʱܹҵһ·
·һϵ䣬һϵϣԼΪ֮һ;
ĬĬһĻ뷨ЩĪĻ
޷һʲôֻԶ޷Լ׽ɫҶ޷Զƽߣһ죬ö
ݰԾƽһ£ղŵԸݡ
ֽƬݰԼĿڣĸоҡҶӡ
һ̣ƽһԾ£ٶС
ǵʮĴΡ
Χķ籩ѾκβӰɣķ籩вعתۼһ㡣
Χ󣬾ǼֵĻ硣
ǰʮεľƽҲûж༬ˡ
ܵ˵ڰĴٶ춯
ֻİĴִյײ̽ƽ߷·ι޵ЦƺǧͬЦÿһأͻ˵ʶ֪ӳٶһ㡣
ƽƽؿŴԨײĴ趯ţ˫Ҫץ
һۣ˸оĲǿ־塣
еġ
ƽۡ
¿ʮĴˣеġ
治ɫĴӽóһױҴ׳Ρ룬Ѱδ󣬴Ϲߵķɰ˿֯ķұ˻УÿһשʯΪ᲻ɴݵ޼亮ɣϹ̶߸ͬ󷨣һ壬ǧΣʱı
뿪ǰõġ
뵽ӽұʱʹı飬Լһǿֻʱãפ˾ͻңƽʱǧϧŵ㰡Ϊƽұԡ
꣬۹ͱˣұУҲŵǰ塣
Ȼԥóˡ
һǴǳ׵Ĺ⻷ڱΧӰĻ紥һһ赲ȥ
Ȼش˵ڶյأƽ͵νȥĵط
Χķ籩ڶĻڵĵطҪȥձ֮䣬һӴҵĿնش
ûûûκλһƬš
ǰ趯ֵĻ綼ÿɰ
˴ţȴһ
෴˴ҡ
ȥĿ֮ǸʽʧҲǱڵġ顱.δߵĿտǡ
ֻһۣƽͿƯ֮УЩ۾ţûа
ƽϳһЩܵ۵ӰЩŴͽխߣֱӿԽʱ䡪УһЩʧһǧǰɷεˡ
࣬塣
ȫǰģƽͷһ޴Եʬ壬һ˫ͫͬƳεĵ鲼Ѫ˿ŭĿؿ
̬УѾȥ˲֪ꡣ
ǰ漸εʱʧ˷ûо巽򣬱Ҳ޷ǰ
ƽ´Ų֮УûʹøȴҲڿвµ
óһѾõķβָϡ
ŷϵķӨɫıʼǰƽķīܹ֧ԽƷ
ŷŻоɵݽߡ
ССһöƮƮģȴһĪѹ
̽ͷŷһʵô
ǰÿһΣ޹
ƽ³һβָϵķԵײȼɫķ
һ׵ķ
ڷϴʧĴģĿǰûܻϵķ
ΪڴĵЩʦΪΪǸûӵйϵķͼֽ
ŷȼ˲䣬ƽϳһ˿Ʋסʹ
һ걻˺ѵʹʶѿȫ޷Կصطһʹ
ͳ߼ս֮ʱƽҲûзʹ
ݼôڴ৵һ´ֽƬʵͣƽǰоһ˿š
ʲôΪʲôԼķôʹࡣ
ƽţԼŬƽ߹ʹã۾޽ضϵݱɫ˫ͫ
۾գգһɣܿ죬ӰʼζǺСķȣ𽥱ͬƽֻ߽ʹ
վǰȴоԼȫﲻϵʹ̷࣬ҶҲ޷⡣
۾ؿһĻҪμĵףûʶԼۿѾˣϢᡣ
ʹʱĸܻᱻӳ֪˹ãݺסŵؿǰһĻ
ƽӰٻζƽ
Ȼǰѳˡ
ˣƽ˫ڻָɡ
űɵ˵ĵݣЦ£εŷҾùһΣԼϣû뵽ôۡ
ûпԼһģһӰͬʱ˵õ߿ұ߿֪˭˵úá
Ψһ𣬾Ȧβָϵķ
֡
зڵı壬ûеǱѳ.
ƽЦݵôһҪ޵ı顣
Ȼʹֵáƽʹôˡ
֪ı廹ĳطʱʹôˡ


75 
˵, ƽָһģһĻǿʼЩͬ
βָȦŷǸǵòʼ仯ߵƽ
ֱӽԼĻǷָǶԼ, Ǻʶ
һĻͣߵ֮УһĻǷָֻеĻǶʵ壬±ƽԭӡ
ƽĦβָϵķ, Щӡ
Դ, кܶȫû뵽Լϵķһ顣
˵ʵζ̫á
, ھлۣһͬʱͬӽǿ硣
ƽյĻǺͣеһƽضţ˵顢ʶһ޵, òҲ߷
Ҫ˵ͬ, ǾԭƽոΪ, ߵ
ھУ߷ֱͬӽ, ýԷС
ƽһ飬ò˵վţĺĸŮ
Ӧ˵Ǹá
ʶѳ, оԼֻҪͬʱʶܹȫǵĶ
ֻǶûùֻ֮, ɬ, ǵĶЩɬ
ƽɴͣ, רעϰķֻ֮
ݰصȺһԣûд
ܿһЩһĶ
ƽϵĹ⡣
ܿЩʶĹѲӦƽϰֻƵĹУԼʶǼơ
֮ްҹ䣬ʱĸı䱻޵
ݲ֪д˶೤ʱ䣬һ㶼żͣʱ̫̣ٶ̫졣
ϲشһ
޾ʧһƯ籩ε
һֻδξѾʧԶķ籩εǰۼžҪײƽۼסһ͵ľ罫һ
ţѵ֫壬ήĸϵͻ꣬иʧȥ࣬½½εǰ
ְܻŵƽһж赲
һʱ䣬ƽγһյشһš
Զɷ粨ϡ
ЩͷػȥԼԶķ籩ȻγɣΪģЩ籩Щ˹
֮⣬˽ˣ
ԷҲͻΧյĵڶͻ缤ҽս
üͷ˭أ
ͷ֮Уȫоһжƽ
˭ãֻҪ
ܾãõԶķ籩ѾƽϢԷ֪֪Ѷ뿪գսʤĻ磬һƽ۾
ʱٿʱϵĹѾȶɢͬĹâ
ƽͬʱеŵص˵䣬ǸǳЦЦָ
ǿͬʱһĶ˵ͬĻϸ΢ı鶼ܿƵòһ
ܴ۾пⶼʶ֮Уӽǣͬ硣
ɹˡ
̲סȥһִƽ
󣬶ƽԼ¶ʾֽƬȥ߰ɣߡ
վƽм䣬ؿ˿ǵ۵׶ƵĻ۵Ц̲ס˳Լͷ
ͷۡ
ƽʧЦѣЦ˵ˣˣߡ
˵ǸĿķֻꡣ
֣ŵݹȴû뵽վԭؿһˢһ͵ٶȱֽƬˡ
ͬǣֽƬˡ
һͷǸƽ¶һվƽֻļϣˣȥģ
ƽʧƬ̣ʧЦ
򴽣һſܷ£ҵı屾Ͳ⣬ʶڱпſܷһźû𡣡
ƽü𣬸оַķûЩơ
ƵӰһ򶫣һɳ۶ȥ
ƽܸоԼʶȫͬӽǣЩӦѾĿˡ
֮ǰÿһΣʧȥ޷̽Ѱյıϣֱӷ·ԼӦǿҵֱȥ
·
ƽԭݵķֻꡣ
һǶڱĸӦǿһЩԼܸоԼͱ֮һεıϣǱϿȴʵĴš
ƽ̧ͷ򶫷˽ʮʱٶȣѾԺϲͷϷȴȻǾʧľ޴ԣȻܹ˫ʵ˫ۡ
ƽЩԡ
ձֻǿռϵľ룬ӦѾձˣûУȻεûз򣬾ʧܵǰʮһ
Ժ˵֮ǰ˵ع⳾һУƺ׽һ˿С
վϵֽƬݱᵯ˵ܵһ顣
£Լûʲôû˵ϸڣ죬Ҹ֮ܵͨУǸ˴һûʶ塣
д˺ܾãֱҸܵĵĽ򱻴Ȼѿһ϶Ӧͨǵ϶뿪ձϱķΧ뵽յҲ˵Ӧǰ
ƽһ鵱ľйʸ֡
˵˺ܾã
ݵͷʲô𣿡
ƽ૵ԣﲻԡ
׷ʵȥ˶ã㻹ǵ𣿡
ݳɵΪдʱ̫ҲȷҼǵʱ׼ȷģ˰ϡ
ûʱϴҽգͻ罻ս˺ܳʱ䣬뿪ٶȽʱʱ䲢ûйȥ̫á
ǰʮͬ̽Ѱ֮һαһһαһʱ뿪ڴĹȥʱǵʵʸҪ̵öࡣ
ƽ˼Ȼˣȴܵմٰʱ䣬еʵʱֻ
ƽһ˽ع⳾ڵʱ£иõİ취Լﵢ̫ʱ䡣
Ȼˣһʲôòͣɡ
ƽ۵׹⻪תһ𰸡
ԣձϲʵʵռıϣǡʱ䡣
˵𰸵˲䣬ƽԼסˡ
ˣʱ䰡
ֿܶԣع⳾֤ԽĻʹǧ֮һȥع⳾ƹ󷨣ͼѰһ𰸡
û뵽𰸺ع⳾ķһ֮У
ƽһ
ع⳾ع⳾ôأ
ƽó˴𰸡
ָۣŰɫ΢⣬Ϊʹʱߡ
ܵԶִ˻궯
Ȼյĵڶֲ࣬ȴԺ谭һΡ
ҵסЩ
ƽʹרעָĵطͷҲصضԵ˵ôһ仰
ӦΣߡ
˴ụ̂ûѹʯӦûв
ЩֻȻ֮󣬱ع⳾ֵ
ƽָзٵ֯һŹޱߵ󷨡
ͣŵʧķλ׼ȷسԺУǰξʱ˳µġ
ʱֻǾЩͣͲͬʧķֲЩ˼ͺʺϲ󷨡
û̵ֻ޵֮Уһ嫵̡
;ÿһͣеʧʱеһǡ
̧ͷȥ˫λƵĺеŭĿӣǱĲǧز仯
ۡ
ƽЦһ
ױӣȴдڸеĵط
ع⳾۵ϰߡ
ƽ֣嫵Ѿ֮ⷽе㣬Ⱥ˸
ô󡣡ƽ˾䣬Ͳе⡣

ع⳾õһ󷨣Ҳع⳾ʱѧĵһ󷨡
ƽ۵׶Щɫֱ񷶥ȥ
ٶȺܿ죬еĳ͵󼴽ƵǰϦ
ݸбϷȥռ޵֮УȻΪµķٶȶܵ󾢷ϡ
ݿƽΪ˿ӦúܼЩ꣬ıȴƽЩ˼顣
Ƿɿ񷶥ĺԷȥ뿴ƲԶһ·ãںӴЩ
̾񷶥֮ϣߴѹȸмǿƽоԼշѳĻЩȶԽԣѹȺ˺оԽǿңĻǵɫ𽥱䵭
ݾ㡪
ƽȴû⣬֪ǻõԭǿȣʮŻֻ˵
УӴ󵽷·Ҫ񷶥ȫڸǵĺǰ˵ٶ޼Ӿ硣
ݼ״֪ûʲôǵ֪ձ𣿡
ƽĿ϶ҲҪձˡ
ݣΪΣ
ǸˣѾҴˡ
ƽ˺ܾ֮ǰع⳾һοѰĶԻ
Ҫķ羰
ƽʱ룬ش۾
Ѿ۵ü˴ķ羰ҪԶҵ۾
ڷɳ۵ԵǰӲƤͷצֿɼ
̾񷶥֮ϣѹǺƣвɵӿ졣
ƽǵɫˣܲˣӿٶȣһ·ɵ˺Եž޴ͫǰ
֣ԥѡָֻۣƺĳεıϣǹʹˮ޷ؼǰ
һ˲䣬ƽп˺ܶ಻óĻ档
ع⳾ʧȥʶ壬һһյնĴ֣еʧΪΪеǧǳһԽʱռ
ع⳾ʩƣɫع⳾°ڴûϴȥѪ
Ϊ;·ˣʵѾûʲôٽ̸ˣϾΪѾԶԶҡ
һҪѧĶԶأ׼˾Űٶͼûü㿴еϧ
ǸǴããʱ䳤ӣݵڣ˴˿̵ƽ
һ󣬾͵ϰ󷨵һΣҲʼա
ع⳾¶һ˿ЦǸө˸ĹӺƽӡ
Ӧܽɡ
ƽ߬ƣ޵ĹֻǴָ©ߣͬع⳾ǰӰһȥ
ٿȻԳλƵͫȻĿĹΣõ̲סĿܿ
ֻһ˲䣬ƽʧԭء
ǱԵ۾˽ȥӰ
ͽһ⡣
ںͷļǴ£ʼó顪ȴ
ձ֮ĵطƽò̫һ
̫һжͣˡ
ϵΧȻʱŵʧﶼûС
ããؼ䣬ֻһƬռš
Ĵǰããģֵİ׹ƽ۾Щʡ
ƽ䣬Լ𺳡
ձǧĽ㡣
ÿһ׹⣬һĽ
ƽСߣҴκһڴĵĹâ
һԼĽ򣬾ͻ̱ǸĽų⿪ʶΪޡ
ڣԱĸܾ
ڰ׹ζܿһεİ׹ĳصĽ䣬ⷽиӰ
壬غһİ׹֮С
̬ƽŽĺΣ·˯


76 
ܳһʱ, ƽҿԼ塣
˵ĽǶ۲ԼĻᣬԭһ֮ңƽȻЩҿ
忴ȥǳ, һǧǰɵҲˣƽţûоǧʱ⡣
Ҳȷʵˣձ֮Уûʱĸ
ƽ, ͼȥԼ, ȴǵɫĹĤ档
ģɢŰɫ΢ĹĤ൱ָůȪ֮, ůȪʹָһ˿ȵ¡
ǡĸ׵ӹ
ȻĤڿȻ͵
, ȴ塣
ƽջ, ûǿӲشȥ, ̾˿Ǹӡ
ǧ֮һﶼõ˽
ԼԤеĵ, ϾԣڣǸ͡
һʼӺ΢̬ûвʱֻԤһЩ, ΪԼǵǣʱֻҪϢԼ, øı
ֱ֮, ֮Լӳн, ֽƳؼܹȷ΢ûԤеĵǡ
ʱЩɻΪʲôƫƫ
ȴˡ
ƽĿããһƬĿռ֮УİɫЩཻЩ״أǧĽ㴦εĽ̬޵ĿռгֳԼ硣
ƽͷڴĵİɫг˯ŵԼ塣
أȻûлع鱾壬ȴܸܵĹ켣
ƽٶȽڴĽĹ֮ϣܵԼͱ֮ϵ
ܸоԼͣͲѺʹĽ໥ڣΪһ塣
ƽ̧ĿܿĽںЩͬһԵơ
Ӧþ֮ٸĽµ˺ۡ
Ƶĺۼڣǲûýڲֱӱ¶ĳţ޸
޷޸޷йλ֮£һЩǿӸλ˵Уͬϵ㣬ֻܹ⡣
֮Ͽи֮ٺĽĴԣôĽδֹ©һֱڻɣԾǲġ
ڿĵĽȷʵܵˣЩĴδֹ©ΪıͽںϣıԼ˽ȱ©
֮Ѻܲɷ֡
ƽͷ˼Щӡ
ͨձ͵ǧ֮󣬰ıڽУͽ໥Ϊһϡ
һع⳾ŲߣȴҲòٶ̾ع⳾´ҵĽ״̬֮ѸЧȷľ
Ѿع⳾ƽȻܹóǧǰع⳾侲شŵƵģ
ƽǰı壬˼
±ܣҪصԼȴҲѡ
һصУҲƲɵҪʹĽˡ
׼ٶص
ڵ⣬һǧǰƾһǻգȥΪĲһδ
֪˸࣬˸࣬ȴҲ˸ԥͲȷȷʧܹһ֮ܲܳɹ
Ҫ

ͷƽڱǰ˼·ߣƽ·ȴǾʡ
һ·ϣͣͣʱ˳ʱֱͣ˿һˡ
ǰϰֻ֮ʱȻѾʶƽֿԶҪֻʱԲ˳
ݱ½ǰֳĿܷǱߵķֻߣͬҲ֪Ǳߵԥʣ㡭Ϊʲô뱾壿
ƽ𣬷ʵ֮ǰ˵ҪҺܶ꣬ǲǴѾѡȻˣΪλҪСɽ᣿
ȻѺʹĽͲҪСɽᣬֻҪ͵ڳʱʽ
üΪʼûг֣ٳٲλʱѾȲˣ˽Ҫһµ֮ˡ֪ڵȵ˭ɴ˽˲֪
ЩΣҲЩ⣺࣬ʱ֡һߵųΪ֮ԼΪϽ֮˵жһȴ̰Ϊ˽֮˵ٹ⣬ԼܳΪ֮
ƽˣԲŻСɽᣬȺۻۣ޴ĵȴѡķʽյѡ
ָĦֽƬݵԴûиΪʲô¡
վ࣬Ǵ־Ļ²ŵ壬Ҳ飬塣
ìܵ
Ⱥ£ֿ
Ϊ˽ϵףûĸջ
ݲ˾ٺ⣬ָֻ˲䣬ʵҪȥ𣿡
һѾ˳ҵ˱壬߲ټѰˡ
ƽҡͷЦЦأȥѰ
˵ţ۷ʱķȥЦҪȥһһˡ
һǧǰûֻΧ̽Ѱ
ʱûôصʱվֻһĿġѰ
˵磬ֱǱ
ƽ۵״ŽЦ⣬űܿ͵Χ
ıϲʳĻԣֱѵһζʡ
Բ⣬ƽĽ͵ϲʳ飬ǣеΪŨĵطܹܶ޷Ķ
磬˪޸ϸһζҩ
˻ۼĵطƽûͣ£ǿűֱ³ȥ
ΣɢĻֱɱ˻ĺĵ
ûʱյΧûпռĸűһֱ׹ȴҲоľǰҲûײ
ܸоԼأѾǳĺˡ
δƽ͸оǰ쳣ĶƺＤս𣬴ӱΧӹķ󷨵
ƽۣɫζ
⽣ӯ磬ΡΡͻͣҫķ
첻ˣǰòźȺһ󱣻ͬŶɽ١
ͽ콣
ǽλӢ۸һӱ󣬾Ȼܵĵˡ
Ҫ֪֮УŨĵطȻȷʵ״Ҳ״еĹޡ
ƽϵʱ򣬰Ľһֻɫѹţʵ壬ȫлŨصĺɫɣѹЩɫƺܹ˵ն£Щƿۿɼطɿ츴ԭ˽ȥ
СɽߵĺɫǰֽǸӰԵΪ
һžɵĵɫװϲŰȾѪıҫĽ⡣
ƽϳ˶Է
Ǹڷ籩ĹˣСʦ壬÷ס
ǽСʦܣʵʦһնصĽȫѧɡ˵÷ԭݽΪʦͽ뷨ʶ÷Ϊʦܡ
ƽϿһЩСϢ˵÷΢ĩ֮ʱǻδյʱµ֮١
Ա·Ͻʶ÷ף˻ӦţʱˣԽơ
ʱ󣬽֪ĵһףʱֶϲȫ𽣣ֻ֦ŽϻĽͼϹû뵽һ¾ˡ
֤Ǳȷʵ㲻ʲôʵţֻǸǷϵ׫ҲⱾ׽˽Դ콣ɣδͽȴ콣ڸ˽ÿӣǱױҲ콣ĳΡ
κ΢ĩܣ츳ȴ֮
˵ү׷ιԣ÷׾ǱүţеĴ
ʺеʡ
У編ޡ޵ȵҪΪĵûϣΨһѡ
Žһϰ
¶˪ҽ˵ҲǼ֣˵ҽϴڣֻҽ
Ҳѹ֣ȥͬʱʼеĽѾΪ񽣵ʦ°˴ɹ֮һ÷ԾֻԪӤ
ƽܿ÷׵Ŀġ
ӦúһԼҩġ


77 ʱ
ĵشĻΧҪǿƵö, ǾۼһĴֲ÷׵ĽϣĽ, ô
˻ͷɲĺɫ׺Ũصĺɷݣ÷׵ĽĦг̵Ĵ
ۼ÷ױѹ, ƽ˼һת, ˸
һӳһŷ˪ٿȻն, ЮХ棬˲ϢŲ趯Ļѹסһ˲
һ˲Ļᣬ÷׵齣, 콣, ΢İ׹ڽ
÷Ȼ, ʻһҸûʵıڵֱӴĵصƽüͷ̲ס
һ, 𵤾Ϊʱ۽ǳøˡ
һת۵Ĺ÷Ѿ, ڱΧɫŭһ, ׷
÷״ƽһ, üС, ﲻĵط뿪
˵䣬ɫѾ͵׷÷׳ֽػɫ޻飬ɢֺܿؾ
ƽһԿţ÷׵ʵжϡ
紫˵ʺȴҲĿһʵĻĽӲΪ裬ԪӤ֮ȴҲһѺ֣ܽ⣬Ϊܸһ㡣
ƽȷˣð˴ķս֮УҪҵͬһ
˪ҩѰһζҩе
ƺǴ޵ʢġ
÷ֻ¶֪˵صС齣͵նȥһ߲Ļ紥֣һߵĴ̫ˡ
ϲʳ飬ұȫ¶ɸĶƳɣڻмֱߵζȡ
ƽ˱շ÷ߣ˳ְ·紥ֵɧţЦе÷ʦ壬Σ
÷׵ÿƳһۣûΪʲô֪Լ˭ǵʲô
ƽ·ûҪ˵Ķϡ
ƽҲգƮƮӳһŷֻɽַеɢҰ˲Ϣԭ趯ŵĻѹסˣһϢ˵ĿС
ƽŵû´÷ʦİɣ
÷ô֪
ܣܹѰҽ޲ߵϸĲȱ£ȴĶ꣬øҽңҵһϹʱҩյóĽۣӦûж֪ǡ
ƽüһ÷ʦȷĺʱ
÷һϣܵµĻ궯ⲻϿҪǰΧĺ£Ҫʲô
ƽָָɢޣɣҲҪ÷ʦΣ
÷ü𣬿Щ⣺Ҫͬ
ƽЦЦǲᣬ÷ʦ֪һͷܹһһ䣬㹻Ҷ˷ֵá
ƽһīУ赭дԶ÷ʦ壬ԸҪͬʱӦԻžЩ׽⡣²ţЩԸУҺ°빦
÷׶ؿһۣ۵лɣ˿ݲǣֱӵɡ
԰գ˶һۣٿȻɢ
һֱӶԽֱߵ㣬ڣ紩նֱ콣ΪĿһ³Ǻա
ݴ콣ʱٶǰʱǰ»񾳵ΪڹżճѲ߶ӣֻһ˺ʿսգ߲ݡ
ճڴıЩ͵۾ӵݺ֣һ붬ʱ伫̣һһʱգããҹɫʳճǡ
һսʱԴ콣ĵһʽУ֮󣬽콣Ϊɣͽ｣֮
˵һս֮ʱֻж̶һʱյճϿձĽҫճݷĹųǣ庮Ŀ纮ոգϾ
ʶ콣ΪĿһʽʽ³Ǻա
һڶҫĿĽúڳŨΣɢƣٶΪһ塣
ƽʱϣ·趯Ļ磬ǰͬʱŷֽ
ƺȫûյĴţרעڷֽϷɿʣѪɫĳī˲伤˷ֽеŷͬʱɢǵıɫ⣬Щâܿںű仯ӱɫתΪ
ûֱֳʣ˸īͻȻΪĵӰƽ֧ͬʱڷֽ³ɫīͬѪۡ
ֻ֮ͬʱƷīŲͬǿЩŷȫͬķͬʱͬʱձʣ磬֣𣬲ɽõŷͬһˮīĹɵս
ɽѹ£ıǿҵĻ죬ܵزڻĴϣʹ֮ϺˣΣԭ
µһ˵Ķط
ͬķΪศɣܹ༤֮ͬЧáͽ޵Ľ󣬷޵Ķ˷ʵ֮ͬͷǶͬһķȴһ˷ĿƶͬʱãѶȿɼһߡ
Ҫ˵ҲǺع⳾ĶЩơ
÷׻δصĹķ޴඼ǽΪܽΪսܷӳ˺Ƶġ
Ǹ𵤾С
÷иֳһ˿ӵζʢʢ֮¾һ˿ȱ©
һֱͥ޷һ˿ȱ©˳ƶϣ޿ײĺɫһ˿ȱ©Ⱦܿ÷׵Ľ
һǶ̰壬ͨ·жϣʱʼң޳ƶϣɫ÷Ű˫Ŀɫǽˡ
ƽƳһۣŭѹ£סöϣһַʱɳ÷׵üġ
֮£۵֮⣬Ŭѹ
һ޳ɣ÷׾ͻոʧһΪһΪĿտǡ
ƽǵ̨̹ˣ
һں˺صķ÷üַһڳѡ
ʶѺޱӴܣȴѺ÷ǿƵ
÷Ŀ䵭Ȼƽٵ֣㡣
ƽһˡ
ҪնɱʵޣһЩرķ
ʼһīɫƾնȻ÷׺Уţһ΢ɵ֣ȴַ·ƽסֻⷽɢ⡣
ҹ׵ĹճҹͬҲɢڰΡ
Ǳ÷׿ڵޣŷĹâ֮£ʱһɢ
޵Ķȫ÷׵ɣı鼫ʹ࣬ҧأԼھʹ֮±ѡ
⽥÷ϵĺҲɢսʣһ˳ɫ𽥵ȥ£һ괿ɫĻƽġ

Уܹϸ
ƽһӣǧɽķˣ÷ױ˳
Ҳ飬һɫСһУϿŵСУͬ÷һ˷ֵһ䣬ʣһ䣬˶һۣ÷׻δƽɡ
仨÷
նɱޣ㸶ñȽ϶࣬ҲҸҪ仨
ƽúΪ÷ԼŻôױնɱģȻû÷ףƾһˣҲܹͬնɱޣֻǻ鷳Щѡ
Ҫǣ÷ܹһξͳɹ
ţΪ˪ҽʦ
Ȼֻһ仨Ҳͬ˪ܹκ
˷߽뿪գȴͻȻһ΢磬ϸ˲ײ
ķö˱ڽ¶ֽƬӵĵݣֽƬ˱΢紵һҡΡ
ƽԾ
в仯ǰսѾƽϢҲˡ
Ӻζ
ƽһߣ
䣬̼ܵΣϮȫƾܵطŸ߿շɳ۶ȥ
ʱ˿̣ƽƺֻҪ۾ܹӦǰĹͬĹде۲ɼʴ˿Ȼ£һһߣطֲӴܵ·ϣЩǿҵϵ˽뵽֮ȥ
Ӵʱƽ˺ܾǰĹżᵽһּһĶ
ʱ
ƽŴ˿ͻȻɵܿеĹߣķڲ׷ţۼѽǰ÷׼ӴܳȥʱĴֿȵһӿϣǰѹסĻ³֣ƵҪקסǵ˫ȣҪ޾Ԩ
˿̣ƽѾɳ۵ѱԵ磬ڽһ֮ң
ң÷ѷȴס˫ȣֱ׹ȥ
ƽ֣ͼץסЩʲôȴֻ÷׵ƽ䵭ƺԼľ
ֻ˲Ϣ÷ױסһУܿ첻Ӱ
̱ͣƺһѵѷ춼˲٣ϣǱȦذƽѿڡ
յھʹ˹رա
ƽĬƬ̣õǶСĵطϻպãֻפأ˪ȥţԼѾϸҪȫҩġ
µʱһԲõһֱĬĬһҿԡ
ֱƽһҹۺ󣬿һ˫γֱؿԼһŵôҡ
ָĿڣ㲻ģҸܵˣгڿҧ
üͷӣᡣ
ƽţͷıȴֻЦЦȥԵ
ؿܿ죬оһ˫ȵֱȦסԼļ䣬ˡ
ƽ۾ڵݵľ䣬𶯣һ
̽£סĺ󱳣ûֹֿЩֱ˫ȵø
ƽڱȦŵݵķ˿һһ´žܾòŵҾˣҲôˣԼ
˵㲻ġ
ƽҡҡͷ˿һ⣬õ̲סӣȴ᲻ڵ̬
ƽ˵ͻȻã̫ܼ࣬Ҳ̫࣬õͲˣ׹ʱУҾһҲܻ߻
˶٣ֵղһ˲䣬ҾҺûʲôԥġ
Ҫ顣
ݵͷΪ˿ĸЩ
ȴ룬ƭˡ
ΪԼûܾǸ˶ġ

ƽԼд˶೤ʱ䣬֮ƽ¾͸εפѾžͻ뿪
еǶӣ֮á
ԼĸܶԣеʱʵҪЩ
ԼĻ֮պܿ쵽ܡͬʱӻԼŵĵӣҺһҪפŽнӡ
̫ʷͷüɫ֪𣬾˵ÿθӵӻڵʱ򣬶õķԴԱŵĵʵ
֮൱һ֣Ӹƽұٮٮߡ
ƽǰʦԼıǰӻŵӣӦҲͬ
ô˵ƽЩˡ
Ҫô˻ȥ
˵䣬΢ɽڵȴŵĵǶѾԼżޱȵķɶɶνޱȡ
ΪעĿĪܡ
βûмⱦı
ֱӿһ塣
嶥ͷܵı⣬оžŰʮһ󷨣ͷȻǧǰǰµĵӡ
ҷ˲䣬ƽΪ𺳡
ֻһͷ
군
ǲӦڳûʶϹŷġ
Ȼ̫ˡ


78 ȱ
ƽһ˲, ΪģڵӡЩСţѰ˸ӡдŵķ, ʶϹŷģҲʶдЩʲô
ŷЩ
Ӳͬͬʱǰפصӻŵſν졣
ǬŴϣһķۡƵķ֮һз֮һ֣ʯΪ, ´Сͬİ֧۵Ĺ󷨡
ƽɨһ, ƾԼľжϣҷķ֮еϳ֮ǧʷ, ӹ֮
ǬŴǸͷ׵ӣŵĸ߽ʿƺܸӡɨţ治, Ѿʼӵۡ
ʵ, ܾϲЩʵĶ
Ȼô, ǬŴϿ񶼿οˮˡ
ǿǷ尡
磬, ǵĶǱֵģһܣһڱ¶˶߱
һ, ױӡģָ֮һ
ȻѾûʶϹŷ, ӡһ֮о, ܹͨӡֱӲӡ˵ϵ
ΨеɹܹΪܹƳɵӡ, 統Ǭӡзӡ˾ŵͷ˪ֹһΣƽµöӡȻûκιãֻܹвѡ
ϹŵӡöһǺ͹ǰع⳾µĶӡӡ̲Եɽۣʱʱ̸̲̿͹ǰѾʬ޴棬ҪΰͨҲ̲ϣɽ£ɽ۵Ķӡңңһݡ
ǧǰķµĹӡ񱻹ڴС
ǰµӡöӡ̫Ѱ˸ϲãܵһΪ
Щ֪꣬жܵΪⷽӡڵӡǰƾ֮ҲУĽòˡ
ǬŴһ뵽ܵӶԳƣ;ǲҪ
ȫڶҪ
֮ŵйоأܾǸͨ
ͷʽϣչض꣬Լ²״ӣ񶼽ɽͽȻȻ˾΢ɽֻڳϴС
ķзʽ൱֮
úأ򵥵жֻ˵㣬ŵķ޼
Ѿ޴Ľڿʱɽ˷׷Χۡ
Ȼ󶼱ܵķĿ⡣
ܡһȺͽĵӿŻΪܣɵķ֪ȷЩ
ʢûмܵӣ䲻ʶܸ߲֮ǰеνߴΡ룬Ժյµһڡ
ʶ֮󣬺ܿͻ֣ᷢܣϵûһˣˣͨˡ
һ۽ǳ鴤ؿܵķ壬벻ֻͨǽפصӻŶѣΪʲôֱܹӼһɽ
᲻̫˰
Ƴһۣĵߣҫˡ
ǵɹ˭Żûˡ
ǽ콣һϵս޲ʤ°˴ɹƾֻڱۣΣ޿ͬʿսߡ
緢ؼʻŷ建£ټһɽ·΢ɽֺնһͷźͽ˵עӣʮûسһȺܵӻ˻ӡ
Ÿʲô
棬ֱӡ
˷ƽʶȺһˡ
ͱ¸𣺡ѩأ
ᵽ֣ɫЩӻһŽЩڷ籩ģû㡣
ƽɨţ뻳У֪ˡ
˳ĬΣͬʱƫͷײԷ۾
۵׵˼˴֮䶼úס
ķٶޱȣһȺ˵Ϸڻŵķͬʱգŵķۺͽľ޽ڿնʱ򣬷Ѿӹ棬󾢷磬˲ûƼ䣬˲ûӰ
ʵڵӲǲԼȥɷӻȥѾĬϵĹҲǸһʵĺûᡣ
ոƽʹ˸񣬿ȥƺܵӡ
ƽĬĬƫߣû˼Ӧ
ǻصʱ϶Լܷǰ΢ɽӻפصӵѾˡ
ȵľǹӡ
ƽյͿ˪ѶϢû˵ģֻһΪ̫̫ԵùڿŵЦ
ƽЩһѹصʱ뿪
·ܵ飬˪ֽŷһ
֪ܵԼΪӡдǡ֣᲻߷߶
ƽ˭뵽ĵӡбɽ۹һ
֪дˡ
ЦֹƽȥһѶϢֱö˪Ĭ˺ð졣
ҩұˣʱԿʼϸ
Ҳ֪ͷ˪ʲôǱٶŵˣ֮ͷĬ˺ܾãڷһѶϢ
¹ſʱ˼䡿
Ϊ׼ϸƽֱӸʦ˵Ҫչء
ֵźúܣһڴӦˣ΢һӣ̫ŨĵطԪӤˡ
չ֮ǰ΢ɨƽζưܵϸһ·𵤾ԲˣҿƸԪӤҲ⡣
ƽӣ֪΢ݻ˶١
£Ψ΢̬뷨ûס
ʣ飬ҶȥţǰæҼҩĺֱӽԼ׼õıչض˪ڵİ󣬾Ա˹ء
һչؾʱ䣬ڼ˭Ҫ̫Ӱ

һº󣬳õ΢ɽѿϢسһ΢ɵİ׹⡣
һŮŰȥӴѿէ֡
ѾһפصӸ޷׽Ӱٶ̫죬ֽһ˲Ĺ򣬺ܿʧ
ŮӴѿڳֺŰȥӾֱ΢ɽڼҲܹ
ߵԡ
˵ڲǾŵʱ䣬ȴ͵͵Ϊһѷ죬ܹ롣
ŮߵٶȲ죬קŻӵ콫ڵקֱߵ֣ᵹϣ׹ݱκ󣬲źۼһţߵ˹ȥֱӻԵڵϡ
ŮӿݾָƫͷȥĬĬѪҵŪˡ
ŮӵЦһԭС˼
۵ϻԵӣɣʱҪʱгʧΪʧˡ
һ·קһɫĹžɵۣһѺصĴ󽣣ֻǽƺδʣ߬С֮ʱſ
ǵʱĽСʦ壬÷ס
ŮüһŨʵīۣüһȴ絶羵䣬ϸȥ۵ȴһƲŵĳɫ⣬ɫ
һóɫϸʹգˮīɫ̳µĻ
ֹǸɴȱīɫȾضľ
һìܵµգȴƲ۾
ƽŵϵϪԼݣԼϤһȴԵЩİ
˱ۣιЦ
ջ߳һ
ʮָԼĲͬ
ֻһ£ȴȹһꡣ
һʱ䣬ʱǧںںϳɹع鵽˱֮С
ڻ鱾ͬʱҲͺʹĵĽȻˡ
ܵʶĵĽʼųع˱壬ⳡͽ֮ս˰֮ãսʶʼݷƽŶԼĿȨ
ϣȥĿ֮ĵط;еĻš
ɽľƺֻҪһ
һǧǰΪǿʱҲûֺڶһĸܡ
ƽһɫЩӡ
ڴάִĽȶеķ϶ײܶãĽĶ
ƽ۾еĽ֮һ
͸յѷ죬֮ľͷһ˫۾ʱ޿̵ע磬δϾ
βָ֦˹ǵһҡκٶȱλõķ۰ɫ
۰׵Ҷů΢ԲҡҷƶţȦƽĦš
÷ʱľĳ
δķ۰ɫҶɾĳĪİŮ
ãһ˲ڵ˼ţѵΪԼ˹£˼磿
ͷûжͣһͱƽơ
оôƽʵ֮ǰ»ǵ𣿡
÷Ŭ£һ뵽ǰ£ļӿ֣·Ҫʶ˺顣
ʹĻУһϰһҵغţܾòŽƽϢ
롭ˡ
÷ɫӣƽҡ
δʱôµĶ
о˺ȫȻͬԼһ
һһΣѵʶʱбңֱҲ޷ѣҵڡ
֪һ㣬ͻΪʧ
ߵʱĳڣӳ졣
÷׼ѵ֧ӣƽһݡ
֮ΪΪЩʲô
ƽ֧ã۵˸÷ȻȻı飬˼ţ
ڲ׶֣ƺȱ֣


79 
ƽ۾գգ, ζʲôԣ
÷׶£ƺʶĳ⣬ֻҪ, Կɡ
ƽЦһ÷Щ˼
Ե˱ʼʱǰǡֻҪΥҵԭ塱
÷ײǣֻһǰᣬѽ
ѽͽ, ˵ǰ档
ƽָߵ, Ϊѵ¡
÷׶ؿƺһҪ˵һȷеĴжϿ
ƽеΪڣҪ, ȫ
÷۲һڣƽ֪һ, ϵ˶, вĵط, Ҫʱ, ֮Ϊɣ
ڱģͲҪˣҵԭ򡣡
÷׽Ŀ΢, ´Ƭ̣ԼȻȫΪ
, ܲǰŮӵϢ, ·Ǹͨķˡ
Խ, ԽܸܵɢĿѹ
ƺƣƽɨнŵƶ֪ĴҲûܹӳеҩЧߣҩңв㻹Ҫһöҩ
ƽ赭д꣬׼ġ
ԪӤڣ˶ԣѾߵˡ
̧÷ף۵׸ֳһ˿ѲĿ񾢣
ңܱ֤δƾҲܻ֮޵֡
÷״סеľȣ벻ĺʱһ
꣬΢΢ף
꣬塣
ƽ΢Цɽ

һº󣬲ݣǡ
ǲŻһǡ
һǧϵĳǳضɹٹϽΪͬɹ
оϻǱڲݣУҲġ
ԶڴһͷˣҲ˵֮ҵ
бȴųӵǣпνֶ
ĵȻ࣬ۿɼػв壬лԼɼħߡ
壬⣬Ҳ΢Щ֮ٺߵߣҳһ嶼¡
ӣħûгͻǽģҲƫħ򣬾ٺӴ
ݣҲֻвܿصļӵˡ
еİնƺֲ֣Ψмڿɵһʱ˼ۡ
ֻһУֽλӣȥƺǱ
ֽϵĵѾ屾ɫֻܿһ࣬ҲģұӲ֪ʲô˺״δŷڣֻһľͷľҲбعڷҵشڶǰһҵ
ĳ̫ѩû˻ỳ˾·ߵؤ
෴ǣߵһһŮȴ̣Ȳ
Ůһīɫ۵ײŰɫƣߵĶƲ㷭ŵΪأڽɫ¶סֻ¶һ˫ۣµشųеľɫ
ߵһͷīȻҷ£ɫ鴮ϵסĩˣŮӴͬһߣǰɫ
Ȼ˵Ĵǹ죬ӿеĹʵ̫࣬ǻᾪЩٿǺ޲ˡ
˽ǺֱзжȥŮӴһȦڿǸϤĵʱ°һ㣺ȥǡ
ҶĵԱΪǸڵһæȥҪһƳŵĳԼҵĶ¶Ƶǵͣס˽Ų¶˱׼Ӫҵ΢Ц
λ͹٣Ҷкιɣ
һؤװĳֽӿµĿӵԱһɨĮػҶõĹ̨Ųƽȵǰȥ
Ůһű˸ôĵԱοƢЩûжġ
ܺˮƵ»ȴȪǴһЩ΢ĵƣ˵ʱëڶĦ
Ա̲ס죬ûü˵ͿŮᲽ߹ֻü׽°ڴҡҷơ
ĶҶкܶ˵Ŀ⣬вڿǸڵ˺ʱʧȥʣһתͷȥٿ
ţ˺ӽȡһصİ
ҶĹ̨ҳһ죬˷׷ײĿ˺벻⣬ֻĮȻЩ
ԱڷӦһºæǰȥõĺõĸʡ£Ҫ͵ĶΪӦļʦ
˺Щƣ鷳
޳ָŰĵײ䷴۹ԭϵòɿڣеж˳
һ̣йעǺͬʱһϣǿű˺Ķࡣ
ԱϵĶҲɵˣĿİͰ˰ŵ⡢⡭ڵҲƷ֣֮ǵΪϵһʦԵȡ
˺һȫڵ
֮ٺڴĿʼֵһʰɫɫԽʵԽǿеûǰ壬ѿȴûУǶֻ˺ҧɵԭʼ.
޻ûôӴŸʱ޷·õһֱڳ
ݶ಻ɽ۴ӶݻǕNǰҪ;ɽƫƫɽҰ׾ۼ֮أԽݣٶЩޣڲ˶ԣ¡
ôЩҲδһôһװڵ
һʱ䣬Ľ۾ˡ
ÿֻ޶ڵģЩԺͳƹ޳ڵĸʴңŵİ˵ǧöڵճĸʣɱǧֻޡ
Ǹմһ𣿣
뵽۾ҲˣֱӶſԼĿⲻòλɷǡ
ļʦԱߴ¥̨ڵ˼ģ
ḻֻһɨ֪ЩڵһƷȣƷľӶ࣬ȻûпƷڵЩҲһʲСĿ
ϼʦһʱŽЩڵϤ꣬ڼ䣬вǰҶ˶ǰ˸֣Ƕ֪˾˶ڵԾȸɫҰʱǰֵѾҶռˡ
ϼʦǧʮöһƷһʮöƷһǧʮһöƷƷһǧپʮöƷһپʮöҶгۣЩڵܼʮǧʯ
ʦ̾˿Ա¿ˮ˺Ҫ̫ҵȥʾƹġ
˺˵˾䣺㡣
Ա߿Χ߾һȺΪεģһȺǲ͵ģɽûѿͱҲȥԡ
˺һûӦڼȺмѵתƳ˶ڽ͵еĳˣиǱƣȺǰյīŮֽ߳һֻǸʲô֪ı顣
īŮûɨһۣϵ¥Ҷż£űܿ¥ҵʻ
õԱĴʯĽҺ˺ûһۣƵīŮǰ
īŮüһ٩ôǵĽֻ㱣ңɲҪ㵱Լʯʲô
һˣǴ΢ɽƽˡ
÷ִǳֽŵģÿеְԼǰƵݵͷӵؿƽòŵ̵ģġ
δ̶һ£Լ˷츲صı仯


80 Ϲż
÷׻һµĵľ, ˵һǴӵҲΪ
΢ɽݺͶݵıݵ϶ˣݽ֮, ʹϲĲԶǵٶȣȫٸ·˷۵Ҳܸϵ
΢ɽأڶݾʵ߸۵Գֱֲ, ƫô, ǲ֪ô΢ɽҵһδ˼Ĵ
ֱӽ͵ɽ󡭡÷׾ȹ˱һ¡
÷ɫӵؿһ۶ŮˣһǰֻôĪ, Ϊȴ¡
ҹദһµʱ䣬˵ֶ֪, ֻնԷҪ, ɽ, Ե
һ£Ǵɽеʮһ޳Ѩ
, Ӧ˵ǡֻԼӽ޳ѨС
ɽ߿ճĺ˺˾һԿţʵ̬˱ܵſ硣
ɽһ, Ŀ̸ЦǰѰյشԼķ, ȷʵԶľ̫ˡ
ʵʶ, ٶ㲻, ںܿһҴδмܹ֮ԪӤģ
ɽ£ָֻǣһĽţڰ˴ɹͣλѾԪӤ񾳵ʱϵֶʶȴҩʥ΢Ϊµλ̤ɹ龳ˡ
ʣ˵Ҳ׷ݸһǧ꣬Ҳ
ҡҡͷѰķ׷ϽĽŲܡ
зûгЦ÷׻Ǿѿ
ʵЩѾΪ¾ѿˣĶԱ̫࣬ᷳ鶼ޣֻÿЦ
ȥôӣͼҡǸˣ˶ҡЩȴṳ̂ϵ;֮ǰǸ˻иΪ¡
˼еҪǿΪԼΪǸ˵ߡ
ǽߣ޼᲻ݡ
Щ˼˶޴֪ɽȴһ¿һ㣬ֱӵ㲻ǿ˵ˡ
÷ˡ
ȴû뵽˵ķֱӽӵ޳Ѩˡ
÷ײ֪ʲôɽе޶ṥһԣЦԼǵصȺ׷ɽܵǱģЦǰķ·ƫˣɮʺ㣬ϰǸޡ
֪޵ʵҪʲôط𣿡
˹·ħͷޣսֹս
÷ױΪԼӽѨͲˣȴû뵽һֱһԣûпߣȴҪΣյʱ赭дһ仰ʲôػƫƫЩƲ˼ĽǶȻܹһɱ
ɽ֮ǰ÷ûдһкֱŽʧһ죬ȾѪ˫ľˡ
һûп˵ɨһ޳Ѩ
ţֻһͷ
Ҫ꣬Ҫһꡣ
ֻһ£̥ǡ
ǲʯ÷׵ۼžҪ£εһöֵʮʯĽҡ
ʮʯ֣˲õһҿջ÷ʵڻЩ
÷ȥջĵһ¾Ǻúϴһɾ·
뿪ƽų׷װʯĽұʶһһ꣬εЦ¡
÷ЩʯҲǽȼü֮
ûǮ
Ͼг˯һǧ꣬ʱм·嶼ˣĸ̸ϣ˵޷ġ
زپҵҩԣһ·ٵظ·ڸʱǣмʵûжĿҩ
뵽ʱڵ㣬ƽиһ˿ɫ
ûãߵţƽӦŶ룺һ£ϵϢûҵĹ㷢ӢӢڲݣдơ
ƽָߵ૵ҡ
˴΢ɽʱǷѩµš
ѩžʧˣԲӦþұҡ
˼Ƭ̣ƽٶȴߣ֣ҳȥߡ
ϻӦ̵ģȴ첽ǰǣ֡
˵Щ䣬һЩԣѾܺѰ˺ϰĹͨˣȴ֪ΪΣǰ˵ʱǰǸӦĵӡ
ƽǽ۵ָζɨ˵һۣڵƣƫͷȥ
˵ĳȥߣȻֹǼ򵥵ɢѡ
סĵطǲһ֣Ҷڵķֻһֵľ룬ܽе۵ףҲܽϾ¥ׯЦ̸
ƽѡһ˸Ƨĵط£ȻĴ̸ۣĵöǽݷļ¡
ǲֵúܰһһʿܣǰЩһһȺǣǴëβͣúЩ۾ֱˡ
ϾҴүںףߣƵƵ࣬ҲͰˣǰºŵʱȺ徹Ȼռ˰ºȥֱ뷭졣
Ҫ˵ҲǼˣȻͺйͻҲƵҿЩϺͲǵĺԱ߰Ӫկˡ
˵⣬Ż˵ͻȻѹɨһΧС˵᲻ͺϳֵǸйء
ƽƵĶ£ֻһ˲ָֻܿ˿
ҿڴ˵ϿճֵĺɫУһϹżǾ𣿡
˭֪أǺɫп˵ĿѰ˸ѣ˵ȥˣҿ˵б۵ģأһǳôЩˣжΪҵǰжΪǸνϹżأ
԰գղһЦ
ƽβָմ˵ƣϻߣһΧǵ죬ͼȡһЩϢһ˼·
ǰĵͻȻָβָһ롣
ƽ̧ۿȥݴսߣ˵Ҫҵĵӡ˵Ϲż𣿡
˵˻ȥƽ룬ҡͷҲȷҺ͵ӡ֮ϵʱʱޣֻܸӦ󵽴ȴ׽ķλǱʲôסˡ
ˣϹż֮Ϊ棬ǺܴʣҪҵĵӡ档
һǰ΢ɽ뿪ʱʵ֪ʲôҹ㷢Ӣ֪νϹż֮£ӦıԴӡڣָĹؼŸӦķһ·УֱִǣָӦ𽥵
ڵʹĽסܵĴ󲿷һ𶯣ֻҪҵıԴӡʵָܻ롣
Դӡͬдµġ񡱣ԴڵԴΪزԴӡһ̶ܹӰһصת
ǬӡڵʱôΣʱ̻˪뿪ս
˫塢ӡϣжµĶ
ƽЦɢģöӡ²ҪĶ̫࣬Ѿǲˡ
ƽ˼·ҶԲݣһһľͬҹϵǳ
εϹżֱӸڿУγһ۵ĺɫУۣҲ֮ܣزסܡ
ϹżֻҪܹ룬ҵĶ࣬Ҳˡ
ռκιϹżϢȥ
ʽֻ˵һ¡Ϊ֮
һͱ˼ˡ
ϹżʲôĴڣҸԸ˴棬ҲҪϢȥʿǰ
ƽüģһԼԺһţû׽
ʼվãԼ©ʲôҪϢ
꣬˼֮޹ƽҸãڽϹżǰȺ֮ҽӴӴ
ûƽдһ궯֮˷еľͱյ߿֣ǲǷ֮̾
塪𣿡һŮ޸̾ϾȻ˾׵쵱治
ԣƽҲڴߣ̽ɨһۡ
¥µĽѾĳռ˸
ڳԱߵһȺһѩÿͷԲԲĶ䣬һشֳëβͲ趯ʱĴڵϣ֫Ǵ׳ıצо֮ʱڵ̵ץۡ
ֱЩǲֱЩѩ޵ģϾ໹ǲ̫ܹܺԼµ֮ϳ˸ͷôôùŹ֡
޵ĻԽΪԽߣϵ޿ػΪΣֻϻƣ˵ϵ޻ͣϵƶܹȥȫ
ջ͵ȣȺѩӦǽ𵤾ΪһЩޣǵĻ;Ҫö࣬ͷʱ׳ĴβͰش˫ֻצطŶಢ
ƽĿ¶ȻһȷʵС
βǱ¶ȮҪ⼸޾Ȼܹβ˿֪ʲôѹסβҡıܣĿסԼȫûκβ
֣޶ԣΪ¡
ĿĽ㣬塣
ﴩļΪɫɴϣֻбԵĽɫϸĲϣ˫ȫ.¶棬װ̽֯ĳȹûϣ¶һذ׾ݵ֫Լܿļ
ⷬͬĴֵ˶ĿΧۣƽԱߵŮĽǴ·һͺ죬һúܡ
ƽΪȻ
Щֵӵ£˺һŴǰйֻǻŵʼû¶棬ƽȴܵ˴ɢϢ
㲻ϺǿȴĪЩϤ
ǶˣʲôϤĹԴ˸еС
йֱҲӰ֮ƽͻȻ뵽˸ղŴӾһЩ˵Ļ
Ҵүںס
ƽգգ۾
Ҵүǲѩ


81 ٷ
ƽڲǴ˲, ڽЩӲݷĺü²ͬϢʱۿԽԽ֡
Ĺ򣬳ªĿᶼѾס, һʱ䣬ۣħ켣УѾʣ޼񣬴Ҳʣ̾ᱱصδ
ҵӢ, һֱӷ˴ĸڸ, һֱվվ㣬ֻȡ
·;ңԶԶЩݺҪЩ, ͬݽĶݺ͕NʿӶ࣬ݵӢڷĵͱˡ
ƽǰڷŵӢ, ΢ɽݵķ۵õ, ʱܾⶫó, û뻹ˡ
ҵȺӢԼĪЩӣƽǿǸϹżĺɫ, ˸ҹע⣬Ǳߡ
Ȼ̾ںϿյĺɫмΪ, ÿֻԶԶվɳ̲, ܹؿǺɫڿвϵ, ·ں, ؽ۾
ߵ֮ƽʼ궯ͻȻƽ
ڿеĺɫУڿ϶бʲôҪҵĵӡһС
Դܸ֮оԼıǿиѺ꿪ʼȹ̣ʼغں
ҹĺ岢
Ǻ̵ϢԶ߸ŨӰ·ʲôΣյڲܶȴһʱܹŻϣӿϰ
ض죬ƽߣһӰչڽĵط¡
ڰУԷտ˫޴ĳɫȴ㹻ۡ
ȻͳҲͬĳɫƽĻͳˣǰһŨʥĸо
޻壬ԷΪ
ӡУ˾һ˫ĳɫʱڿգβһȼϨḶ̌߰ذգˡ
УҲǼΪĴڡ
û壬޷ܣÿһֻΨһķˡ
Ҫ´УΨһַʽһԼʱ죬ѡȼմٻʱ䣬·һķˣѭ
֪ķˣʵֻǷֻǻˣķˡ
֮УΪۣΪƣΨзǴͬ壬ƽҪԺ̬չ¶ȡڷԼѡ
ܶǰƽʮֺصȥסһʱ䣬ͷʶһµͷ
κκɵĶͣȥСסһʱսѵͷҲûܹʵ֡
ع⳾˵͵ʱķ˹ϵ
ǰһķѾеķˣӦҲǵع⳾ʶһˡ
뵽ƽ¶һ˿ԳЦݡ
ĬƬ̣ƽбһ˿ɻ
⼸ڳи̽ϢѾҺһ´˸š
Щ⣬ǻ壬һķҲڣһʱЩ⣬һķһֱ̫ãΪ֮ͬҲĺǻҳŲĴΡ
ʶʲǷˣһͻɹĴܣ˵һֻ
ͻȻڴ˶Ѿǳϰ߲ԾرֽƬ˵ĵݴ¶̽ӣƽ˵СϢ
ƽͷһ뵽֮ǰݸԼǸ£Ĭβŵ˵СǸ񽵿ƭ˱С񣿡
ͣһģڽݹǸҵСع⳾СȻ߰ǸȤķ˶˺š
ʧȥڷ˶ԣ޷Ǿڵͷ衣
ƽ̲סԶǸںڰеӰ
һʧȥ˷ķˣѹֳٳδܽӹ֮λ
ƽЩ棬ԷΪҹˡ
²ʣƽҲɷ˻ĺ䶯ֵĳеΨһķ˵Ļ;Ǽ򵥵Ľһֶˣǵ˶ǰΧۡ
߿ԶƺΪеӰƽЩӰԺ߻ðͷȴڼʱ򣬴˺ߵ󷨣ݺݻк󲻸ʵ˻ȥ
ֻСĶ󣬵ҫ۵Ǿ˺ߵһʲôˣ
ӦؽΧҹԷӰ£Ȼ裬ȴԷЩԭ˵£֪˵ҹˣΪ£
ҹ˾ϲʱϰ͵ϮȻĺѾ˷󷨣һʱǺͺս֮ʱߺΣա
ʹүĻڽȫ˵»úá
ƽ£û뵽˾Ȼѩδޡ
ȻȺֻһˣûвһ˺һֽƬڰ
ʵϣͽں֮һֱڳεȻΪԼá
ֻҪ룬û˿ⷽҵ
ҹ飬ƽڿ˶Էģ
һ˫ķۣβ׺ϸĽɫҹĹâԵҫ۶ĿֻһȪ͸Ŵ̹ǵķֻһۣһĵֱࡣ
ȷ紫˵߰ѽӽȴҲʵʵڵ
ƽ˼ά̲סƮԶЩĲۣѩδޣòⷽǵĻǵĺܰ䡣
˵ѩѩ£ǰС˾ǹ¸±߻µ嵭Ũңá
ƽ֪ǰŮӣӦѩδޡ
ЩѾ⹫ˣҴүһ˿ƽȷǰŮӲǻˣķˣӦαװǰȴ֪Ϊ¡
˼ɨһۣ䵭š
ֻһ򵥵ڣһתͷųȥ
˵رЩԣּΪЩŮ
ߺƽٶһ۲ƽĺ棬뿪
֪ΪΣֲĸо·ɽ
ָоһֱصԷƽԭѾˣȴ֪뵽ʲô̷۷ֱˡ
鲻ԸػصԼĵһĶתͷĵôˣ
ƽʶץͷ֮ǰʦ˵һ仰
ݲ⣬ʱǻʶʵ˵ʲô
ƽתͷɫ죺˵ʦ֡
ʦãֻ˯ͩϣˮҪȪԶֻʵĺ
ǶζԻδ㱻ŵһȺ˴ϣҲһμ˵ݡ
˺ζԻûмȥ
ƽɵóᵽ˶ʦ̽жġ
ֻһֿܡ
ʦǸδĶʦ־ؼΨһķˡ
ķԼõѩ»Լ
ƽ̾Ϣ
ˡ

ͬʱܣһĶԻչ
ϹżдɣⲽλϹŴżལһϲˮԼĵطںϡ
ѵ˪棿ҲӦã˪żǿҵĹԡ
۾һλɡ
΢°ͣԼǰתתȥεżҲãȥɡ
žһ΢α㣬ڵʦ㣬ǲݰԴǸƥʲô㻹֪𣿰ǵĵ͵ȥʱ뻢ڰ
΢ƳһۣԽˡ
ӱ߲ѣߵҪ㲻Ը⵱ţﻹҪôࡣ
΢ֱֻ壬Ǵˣ÷ŷɾЩųȥɣҪһģڶҲʲô
ԴȻ˼Щ˶ЩײǸӣԼҰȺӢϹȻΪУҲõǵİΣ
ߣպºῪһ츣أŸɶָŽȥºУҪȥġ
һ㱻˵
һ࣬΢üôã㲻Ըܵȥݣǲأ
һӷ·ס˺󲱾èͷҪը˵ˡ
˺ܾãűŤתƹˤԣǲҼðŷհֶµ״ӶȥҵСųܣ˰ɣ
΢СһЦʲôã˼ң˼͵ߵֶӶˣܳء
ӳĬüͷɸԼҲûʶѩǺӡǷ˴ֿɼϣɸԸصҵһܣ˵ĺˡ
յѩһ£ûдκ״ѩڵϢУѩ״ӣֻǽ£˼ңû¶棬˶ѡ
ãӰڰ֣뿪˪Ϫתͷȥƽǰ
ڲݵĺɫҲǲ飬Ϊŵһӣ˺šġ
˽⣬Ϲżִ̬
ֱִ̬Ϊʵֱ̬ӳҲۿɼġĹսǾһΪʵ̬Ϲżǿֱӽ뿪ܵκӣͨϹżѾʧȥԭֻһռӡ
ؾ̬ҲǺؾһй̶ĵص㣬ƽ޷ֵģֻضʱضķʽŻῪ
Ҳ鷳һ֣ҽ֮Ϊ̬Ϲżûй̶ĵص㣬ǻطתɶϵζǨƣͣĸζֱִһʵĵط͸
ΪݵĺɫӦǵ֣ҲʱƵȥģֻҪȴпɡ
ϹżҲֺܶ࣬ǸսżҲеĹŽżֵߵĵȻߵĶĸϹʱʿĶڵǶԣһʾ޴ıƸ
Ĵڲ²⣬ʾϣżǰϣལǷģܸǴһЩһĶ
ȻˣΪβһأ
ҲǰĶ


82 
䲻֪ʵ, ǽơ
ƽϤ֣Ҳ̲ס²⣬۽, ˽⣬˭
ͷҲֻһĻش˼
һ΢, ɴ˿˸ʱ, ڶһֱڸƣֱ˪һٹܴܵ, ͹ĽһƬԻͨ
ʣµǸд̫ҪĶΪ˰ȫ, ȥɽ֮ǰ, , Щĵһж˶ӣ⵱ʱ, ͨȥǸ
һǧǰϢʧʱֱӺϾϵԼҲ֪Ǹںδ
ƽòϣһ
ıԴӡƢɲãһطıԴӡĻ, ܴʣĶ
뵽ʱԼµĽ, ƽЩͷۡ
Լȥ, ǸҲײˡ
ڽ붴֮ǰ, Щʱ׼
˵Ҳɣȥеĸҩѡҩʱҩеġ
ΣһǵȵĵޣһǕNǱҽޡ
ûпѹӦʲôܣڵ
˵ҽ޺͵ޣƺ˲أҲ֪˭һôļǮ
Ŷκãʲô
ǵȵĵĴ˿ºʸ񡣡
ҽ޵һº
ǰ˵ģƺǼ൱֢ұҵҽȫ޲ߣ˲ٸ֪ǰһǵȡ
ˣֱŰˣſκֲ֢ģнҰȥԡ
ҽޣóƸ֢ҽޡ
ƽüͷ΢뵽Щʲô
ҩƹлҩģתͷսӱ
ǲĳǳأӱΪʵȴǲʮҴ仧֮أ仰˵ǲݵȨġ
ӱľµլҡ
ƽһ·ӱߣĿɨͷβڰĽơ
šй󣬽ĸͬϵһУ½Ƶʦס
ţ˵ȴͻȻнŲӽ߽ӹŵĻͷֵֹӱʮ壬ÿ嶼һԼҵ󷨣ʮͬϵ󷨺Ϊ飬ֺĴػǶף˫Ĵ顣
ܶ죬ƽͷȥ׽һϤӰ
ĿעģǸ˿ߵĵƬ۾
ûԺѧֻۣһ򵥵°ɫͷ֦Ƴɵľ𣬿ȥ£ֻڿƽĿŪŪȤ
ۿ첽ǰ޵شһƽŸ²˴˴󷨣ʸҲʦ
ƽûб¶κЦˣֻȤãЩоˡ
۶ؿŵˣʧˡ
ƽǳǳָºۣһɵɢޣһ֪γƺ
ƽʱ̽岢ʶۣЩͿףʱȡϷЩǴ֮ãҲգ۵⣬ɽɡ
üɽʸ£ɽǺδɽ
ƽ򶨵ɽ
۵׸һ˿ɻ󣺡ǡδ
ƽЦһԲȥɽ򶫣ԽȣԕNݼ֮ЩǣǸ۵Сط۵δ
۱治ԣȴһ
˕Nݼ򶫣ɾ͵ħˡ
ˣʲô·
Ŀ˸£ŵԣ㱼ǼµһλѣͬҲ󷨣ȴ
Ŀƽ˴ĺڽϷΨһ¶˫۾ϣ²ŵڿȷʵЩҵһλѡ
ٶȲźۼشһǰ֮ˣԼղͻȻðǸͷ
˱εҪ٣ҲҪ곤٣üۼʮʮеȡ
Ȼ֮˵޷ͨòжϣεҲһھͰθôࡣ
ƽδ¶ҲЩɻ
ԺֻѧûеӣԺѧӳҲԳѧʾأô˵ֻһɡ뿪Ժˡ
˼˲Ϣת˰˰ٸ䣬ȴûб¶ֺ
ƽ۵ѵķѲҲȥң
βָ۾ЦŰǰΪΣֱó˰ºʸı꣬վۼҵ˾٣Ҳֻһˡ
һ˵ţһӱҵķȥƽ¶⣺۵˵ʦѵҽҲо
Ц£ɿȫûУȥո֡
ƽ£ȻʧЦ
δ߽ңֻվԶլܸܵȻѹȸС
вڿһ۵ʱ򣬶Ƕפһ˲
ƽͺµǰɨĺ񣬺ഫ졣
Ҵδգƽǰǰ߿һۣƽҲǽҰģ
ǽտ̫ˣЩƣŴǰͥһ·ȥ
ûδһ·ƽͿ˾ɥߣﻹ߶ţλˣҵȻʲôϣ
һԻ˵ֻϧҲὫһ¿Ÿ˿뿴һλβġ
һλ
ɻûãƽõ˴𰸡
լøʣҲվˣһۣȺɫȵۣǰҩʦ䷢ĵ޻ռǣȫǴĵǼڲĵޣŻռǵɫ״ٶƷϵĵޡ
ȴֻǶãûиһѾиҪ˽ȥˣֻغȴѡ
״ƽˡ
õȺĸĵ޸Ⱥģֱƺ𾴵ģй֮Եı˿ʦҲˡ
ƽǸӺ棬ʲôˣʲôҲϧۣҩʥǰ
°˴ɹ֮һҪ붯ҩʥΪ֮Ѿǵܹ򶯵ˡ
ҺԺһƧԺСԺһ׾»СԺΡ
ŮӶţǰڷ˱ǵĻ裬ûȥ䵭ĿͶ𴦣ƺڵĶ
ϵ·¸ҫ۶ĿֻҪһǶȣܿͬɫʱʱϣϸȥ͸ԼĳɫƵĺ㴹£·£˻ĳ
꣬һͳţŮӹ֪˵ͻȻǰʧԶӭ²Ҫ֡
ҩʥΪΣ¿Ҫһۣ
Ŀⶼûжһ֣û˵ԵŮ˵ǳĺ͹󸮽ףҲ뿪ǧֻҿ󸮵Ǳҵȱһ㣬Ϊǵһǣ󸮵ĴӾͻ񼲣Ҫˣ
͵ɫһ˲Ӳﲻ޵ţȻҰ࣬»ͣҲĲҰ޵ϰԣ˵ûء
ϢĳĬ˺ܾá
һԲŮڿڡ
Ŀһ䣬ЩԵĳ͵ơ
󸮵ñ֤һ顣
˻ĳȹһ˲ڰ쵵ɫʣ˫Ŀһʹ
䵭Ŀϣ;ƺһĿͻữצԼĺ
βǵ£ֻҪδڳɻ鵱ջᴭɣ߹գء
˵ţᳶǣȴ;ͷ
ܣⲻҪ͹󸮺úˡ
ͷ亹죬ȴҲһš
һ꣬ݲ԰ֽȴǰƽֻͣǺ൱΢ڳ˯ǻ˹ȥ
׼ڵһһ̯֣ҡͷ
ûˣŰɥ°ɡ


83 粨
ڳ׼, һŴӭӡ
룬ԼĪģжϲ, ĺǿƽͣ͸¶ż㣬üۺʹϻ˯Щơ
֮ڶĿòҪ̲, Ȼѩǰһ۾ȫס, ֻҪ࿴ۣͽ˸Ʋ۾
ȻʹϵǸӡ
׼ɨһ۴ϵʹߵ, Ҳò̾һ⸸һò
ʬֻԴҲգԵúƽ, ̧ʵֻ죿Ҫٻ¡
ºѩ˿Ļ
˿Ļ˵ġ
, ҲȷʵҪѩɻա
׼Цһ, ĵԴҲİ㲻ԼѪ飬ǰһᷳ
ٺõ鵤ҩ, ҲȲһһˡ
׼һЩ⣺֮ҾȻˣΣһǻѰ
Դҡͷ, ۵׾Щɻ֣ƺûκεۺ͵, ֻǵĺ, Ϊ˵ϼӹ֮ܿ, ѩлԼ⸱ģ
޵Ļᣬģôġ
׼ʮûط˸ۣ˵ڲ飬ҲǸ飬ˣһᾡȫ
׼Ŀɨƽ˯ѩüûжûб¹ƣûзùκεҩûˣûκ⣬ڲϵ˥ûκԭס
񲻹ʮ꣬ڲȴûΪѮһ˥ٶڲϼӿ죬գͻһ͵ķһ˥϶
׼˼棺֮ģõҩҲǲȥѰӣһ֮࣬ҩһҲ˶á
ӣһº͵ҩסȥϸ鵼˵ԭԼĪ²нʱһֱ˯ȥһҩתѣҲɻգʮպɡ
׼̧ȻԴѡ
Դԣ˼
׼ˣǶǰԵʻǷһ飬Ҳߴһ⣬ԴһתߣҸʱ俼ǣոҴ𸴡
ԴǳЦҩʥ
׼뿪ʱ˻ԺûߣĿһۣ׼ɨˣɻ󣬶¶Ȼ֮ɫǿʲô
˲Լݱ¶Ŀ׼ҩʥδΣ
׼Ȼһ˲·û뵽ôҪɫһ䣬ƹˤûˣûˣ˰ɣ
԰գﳤȥ
˵ĿڴڻԴϣû˵ֻ΢΢ƫͷҪһ˵
ԴǰڳԼһºǳЦŰʿӦѾʼܿˣ¿Ҫͬǰһۣ
⻰˵ú΢ûӦŮûн׳ʣȴַʽһ˳ӡ
˵ûг⣬Ϊ˱֤ھУҲһҩʥŰ·ʿۣδ
˲ÿɷֻǲ°㣬ʾԴ·
Ȼ߰չ˸ʮʮԴȴƺ⣬ɷ档

ڣƽȺһͱߴ˺Ժ
Ժкһλ͵ͣͣȴʱ⣬úܡ
ƽ΢ɨһ۾֪ΪԼĪڻ񾳺ڣӦڳһĸֻ֣Ǳ濴ȥѰ죬ó豹Ĺò
Ϳڱ׶ֱ˺ԺֱۡͥԱ˶壺
лλƵңԸҰǰΪйΡ
Ȼй⣬Ҫһλҽ
һӲ󸮵˼
Ͷˡ
԰գλҽнмңǾҪǿѣڱ뿪һ£ȫλԸҾǿȡ
ʻǽΪһNݵ˼ҡ䲻ȺͰٲݸҽɵĵǰʹнƣȴҲȴҲǕN쵱ҽңҲǸСҽޡ
ṩˣҽԼķʽжʩܼͨԼҪĶ
飬Ѿõҽ޶ǲԸܵģЩ˽衣
һҧг˰죬ԸȴҲ᲻ýºȱĻᣬɫ仯ãջɫѿԭأû뿪
۵׻һ˿⡣
ҼȻҪ󣬾ͲЩߡ
ٹֵҪֻҪ湻ܻ˸ðա
۴ƽߣҸ㵱ҩͯô
ƽƳһۣ޲ɡ
ԼĪһӺ󣬲Ը½½ˣͣںԺ˻ʣʮˣʹһԺ֮С
ԺСղμԴ˰ڷʮľֽп࣬ԺһܹķӣƵúۺʱӺֽǶȣⶼ޷䵽Ǽ䷿ӣֻ迿ܸܵʪ֮С
Ժ޶˾ٽ֮ǰĵҽ̤Ժ֮ͿʼëҪĳ嶯
͵ʱ𣺡λ֮أԺλν뷿䣬ÿʱ䲻óӵʱ䣬λаա
ɵʱŸӣʱҲ̫ˡ
վǰͶһƬӰɭıԺУ޶˾ÿֻš
͵λڴԼʱ˵
һȺҽֻù죬ҪϸĿҲСʱһЩҲҪһӵʱ䣬ܿʲô
󣬸λֽдϽƷ
Ȼˡ;ɨԺиһȺҽǰҩͯ䵭ֻҽһ˽룬ҩͯȺ򡣡
ʮָӵЦŵͷ
ͲģֻǵҸݣܹ˳شҶѡ
ƽõĺűȽϿЩһֱȺȻһֵ顣
ȷʵ˵ҽ߽ȥʱӣɫɷ׵سŲЩΡ
Űٲݸĵۣٲݸ͵һһͬҽڣֻڰٲݸƫҽȸƫ
ųʱҲʮ㣬ȴû뵽սȥûþ顣
ûдŲ鸡ǰͱȭ񣺡Щʣ޷иˡ
԰գû͵ͷЩʧתͷߣ·ʲô׷һ
״ʣûнȥ˶Щ档
ⷿǸʲôĲˣ
ƽһעţԼΣգҪȥ
ƽ뵽Ĵԡ
żҩʥĿӰ
ҴӺڼ
ͻ񼲿Ҫɥѩ
ƽͷڵȥԡ
ţڶȥҲͬɫɷ׵س˳ǱͷҲص뿪ңһһҵĻиսʱ緢ģ
һԷһЦ˵ˣλȵԼܴܲӰɡ
ǰȥʮˣֻɫûʧ̬뿪ңǿ֧ߵ鰸ǰ£ʻдЩʲôȴǶġ
ƽɨһۣһ˾ǰ˵ĵһһͬٲݸŮҽޣһǸƽƽӡ
һ⣬ǵı鶼ǿʲôΪĿֲĶ
ʲôĲܹ˺µ̶ȣ
ԺԽԽ٣ţ߽еĺţƽü΢΢һʰϣڷǰԵߵ¡
һߵǰƽ͸оӱ󷨰Ҳܲκ춯ﵽԺֻм֮ң
Ÿձƿһ϶ζӿ˼Ż


84 Ů
ƽ̧һ, оԼǲĳʪҺ֮С
ɨһֲۣվŵĵطӵĵ϶ʪյҺ, ڵζ̫ŨѾֲҺɢģǱʲô
һĿƽźʼնҰڵȺʱ񣬷·һ̾ҪҧĲӡ
ƽƽ̧ͷ, ״ʼٸߡ
Ҫ˵ǰŮ, δҲ̫ǣǿûĸȫϸܵƬƬ˸ĺ, ƺ׵ظ˵ĺ֫ǶֺצǶǽ֮, ̾ڷϡ
û˫, ֻһϸµβ, ޴ĳβӷϴ£Ĵŵ, һ˫ͫĴߡ
ƽĿɨŮϸܵƬ˼ߣԣޡ
֪Ϊʲôǰҽ߶ŵ㱵ߡ
ŮǸδ͵İ
ͬ˺, ͬİһҰ, ǿҵĹԡ
ǲͬ, ֮Ľϱ, ˵Ѫá
ѩǸʱоɻʱֻѩˣڿѩʧܵĲ֮ѵõҡ
ĽϣٻѩǶȱ©ֻҪԼ¶࣬˸Ǹ
ֻǼ˶
ĺǰŮһǰ˰״̬³ˣҲͺͯû
һǧǰƽһδںϳɹİ
Ǹ϶ĺӣǰռϷŮͬǸӸˣֻżһЩı
ǸӱǰŮҪЩЩϣҲΪˣʹࡣ
ʹıֲͬ뷨˺ؿԼıԵ
ĴڼΪϡ٣Ҳһμ
֮ƽ½½ĸŷ˰ϵһЩԡ
ӵǸĸ׵ģĸǺӾͻƫ̬ĸ࣬Ǻƫ̬°ӵĸף޷
ͨѳס̫ǿںӳʱͻľ
Ҳû⣬ڵļ֮УΨһ״ǳãɵ֮лӵмǿѪ֮츳֮
˵츳Ƶ
ļȫ޷ıֻʣҲǿǸţ˻ȥȡҹס
񾳶޷ȫͣԸӴЩ״ܵͬҲƲС࣬ǶԣʳΨǰ¡
ʶ֮ٻȻ϶õǱȡ
԰ĺ̶ȣȻͻȻԭ
ʱƽ˶ⷽ˽϶˪һͬ·֤һɽȷڡ
ǴɽȺ۾֮أɽϷֻɢĴׯסҲ࣬ɽж鰲ϲ˵֮ദг
ƫƫһ꣬һѾ͵Ӵܵɽ֮УǸıһִ.ЧǿֲֲҩЧΧ㷺ɽȣӰ쵽࣬һɽΧ޴ӹ룬Χڴׯ
˵ȸǸϵʱֻĿ״
ƽû뵽ǧ֮ټ̬İ
Ů̾ڷϣֱͫضƽзΨŻᷢ˻幪̬·̼Ҫ̳븹
ƽŲæس߽˼֪ӽóʲô߬ģȻŮ֡
һɹζڷ䴫ŮĿһ˲ɫ۵׸֣ȴΪƽĵĶ
޴βɿ˷ǲȴ̲סջƽ
׳βĵϻһ˳ƽ֪ȵĺƽġ
βŮ̽ſһۣȻ̽һϸͷ৵һ°ƽĵĶߣһȥóԵ۾
ƽ̾Ϣĺϰߣߵжϸʽҩģˮ
ˮΪʵһ㻨̬ûУһ龧Ө͸Ľ״˺ܵʳã˵ζٶԣˮûζ˵ȷʵѵһζȣ֮󣬲ܹܹǵȶ
ǰҹҲϲԣϳϣϰԵĴߣûó
βŮȻͲ󣬳Ե˺óԵľͶƽ࿴̽ԵشչƬǵСƽĲ˲䣬һĴС
ƽԺӡ
ûһƽоһŮŲţͷſ˯ˡ
ᣬŮŻشϣ޴β·ʶһ㣬ԾȥŮ̾ᱣ˯ŵʱŮüͷǽŵģֻΪţΪʹ
ƽһŮ̾β͸ҵһԵѷ죬β׵ѿ¶ʺѪ⣬ƬѾһ֡
Ů̬Ҳʼȶˡ
Ĳڲϵ˺ãÿÿҹҪھҵʹжȹգ޷ںϣʹսᡣ
Ǵ󲿷ְ
ֻм˶ѩҹףƽȣܹл̬ͬʱ
ĽϵãǼܡ
ѩŮ
ֱӦûиİ
ͺĶ˼ңֻһκǧǰƵɺϡ
ƽŮһۣת뿪ȴ
˻

ԺУͳԵߵʵ𣿡
߹عϣŽȥ˶Ѿħģй
ƳһۣһħĿɲ
ֵѾϸ˽ƣ˵Ҳ˵
صͷ
ͷԺֻ֮ʣ˻ڵȺˡ
üͷһʶߵŮ޽ȥʱƺЩ
Ѿ˴ǰݵˡ
üͷһ壺ȥ೤ʱˡ
һԵһߵعϣյ̡
δ䣬ƽŶʱտڰӣ಻١
ס˿ɫ¶˫ȴƽûκܾķӦƽߵ鰸ߣδ̫˼дԼϽ
ϿĿЩ⡣
ͷһᣬҽ߼Ůܲµġ
ƽдԼϣ֮ǼҲˣټıԺֻ°ڵĸҽߣһ䵱ҩͯĺۣʣˡ
ĸҽ߽ԼдĽŷ֮нߣ㿪ʼһʱĵȴ
ûһϿϽ۵׻һ˿졣
еľѹȥᲽߵߣɤӣлλǺ֮ԸΪΡ
һԣ¼Ҳ಻סһȻɫɷ׵ʵǰŮǰݾΪλа֣
ݵվǻúܶ˺ºͱܻ䡣
¼ˣٶǼ֪ʲôҲԴ˽ˣһʵģͬʱϣҪһ𰸡
ϳ̾˿¶̺Ͳɫʹ˵ͺݶ꣬սҲϣλ֪
⺢ӡ϶£̵֮⺢ӣǰ֮ʱµģЩޣԿԣս֮͵ǱϰԲ캦֮£ҵȷֵʱΪʱӡ
˴󺧣һŵúһˣ
¼УŰٲݸ۵Ůü΢壬Դ⣺˵һİӦòֹһŶԡ
ϵͷСԲĺӣԼĪнٸǱ˺£ͨʿҲ޷ܣұ㽫ǽ˹һ֮
ٲݸŮ񣺡ƾ٣꾴塣
ͬԹϱȭ
ëƽָشתͣס˹Ȼں˵ȴʼհйעӦǸղдµĶá
ƽŲæϣȴһ⡣
ϣһʣ֪Ͽɷ󡣡
϶ؿۣС뽲
ƽüĿֱ˵
粻ϵĺҲѵüһŵİҲͰˡҼ֪˲״ΪҪð֮踣ͬף
ƽ԰ٲݸŮ˿ȵؿƺû뵽ô
ȴŲæѾ׼ͬһ£ȷʵ⵽飬ԭ̬ȣ̫࣬ʱ䳤ԼΪһԱλҽĵСѣⲻҪ˵ϼ䡣
ʵͬףΪһٽͰ⡣
ֵͺ岻϶꣬ǰԳһɣӴ˱㲻ɧŲݰϵ壬ʵڲţҪһٽ󻼣ȴεӰֻֻܳ²ߣ
ףΪ˳ķʽ
̾˿ڰ˽ܹǱҪ࣬ҲѰ壬Ⱥúȥδӡ
֮գҲ˫֮ʱȻǲС
԰գ϶Լ񣬳Ͽҵ
ԣʵһܣλ⴫
ƽؿŹƬ̣һЦ
Եˡ


85 ڵü
ƽµĽס, ֻҲⷬ˵ǡ
¶˫Цӯӯ˿˿롣
ƽʮȷ˵ѡ
޶˲²⡣
ǸβŮ̬ƫ, ˵ĸ塣
˵Ǽǰʱϰµİӣӵĸ
ķʱҪ֪ܶ࣬ʱ佫, Ѿ֮н϶̵ġ
һ, ʱϰҪôҪôصУʱӦûδ, ½ϱ
ƽһԸվϾ޶Ψֱ֮, ˽ʲôĴڡ
, Ҳ˽ʲô
޷ǶڰϰԲ˽, ǡ
ǶԼ˵ǣŵ, ˵°ɣλղŽϽҶˣ𰸸ͬϸλһ, ȻˣλͨҽС, λ۵һ, Ҳǲɡ
, ޶Щš
ĬƬ̣ٲݸǸΪŮȿڣұש˵˵ҵ뷨
ǸŮǸҼѾȫѹΪʧ£ѹʧص
ҹΪҩҰٲݸйƿܹ״ȶ
˵꣬һһǰ˵ĻЩƷֻ˵޻̸֮
Ҳգʵˣʵ˵ѾҪҽõķ
һʰ鰸϶һֽǱ滭໥Ƶīߣŵ
͵𣬾ڰһһ໥ƣңֻΪ໥ɡ
ҲΪˣڲŻ˺˵ѹô˵һֻ̳ʤ׷ռϷ磬ʱǻʧص⡣
겢ϣ˵ҿǹʲôֻܵ˵˵Ѿҵƽķ
һƿԣ㬵ôס
ִʱһֱԵͻȻ˵ˡ
ʵλѵ뷨㲻ôֻǺһ⡣
ǰ˵Լгһֱɽ¶ˮȴ˵ŮĹؼ
Ȼ״ƽ⣬ڿʼֹɱҪκãƽǧûеõݵʱܲ˵һ㡣
򶨵ĿһɨȻ£λɷճ־õпʼˣҹܹ궯ѵ뷨޴Ů壬Ѿܲסٲݸˡ
ƽָһߵͬ
˵˵ϡ
Ĳµص㲢ǿƽʱҪѧϰ顣
żҪģǻ״
һԸ㼺ȴĿתƽ֪Сѿ뷨
ŵģƽдµϽͷ
ƽŲæ΢ЦϣҪ˵ģֽѾдĺˡ
ϳŶ
ֽдݷǳ򵥣ֻ仰һǵŮĲ飬ͳ˵Ĳ𲻴صŮıڶȴ˹ϵע⡣
а취ȶס״Ա
ҾǹϿӵװ׵ĴƼҡ
ҪһȺѪܹΪõսʿ
ƽ̫һЩӵ״ȶɳ֮󣬽Ϊǿĵսʿ
ղ˼ã˶ԭ򣬵˵ˣİЩ
ʮںͺĶнƫʤһչ鲻ǳ֮ƣһ巴Ӧֻǿҵķˡ
ܾãһиܡ
˫֣صضһƽ
ڽס¶˫۲֪κһҵĵˣʱ̫̣鱨յĶҲࡣ
ݴŮ˵һΪɽСطȥˣԭû˵˵أǳԭݣħĵطһ۵ɽΪɽ
̽Сѵֽда취ӣ
ƽǳЦа취ӣа취Ҹİ
൱֮ţйЩɣĪǲ֪δҽˣ
ƽֵ̧һβʱκΧۡ
һһҽ޶Щʧ
꼱æ𰡣зӣܷһѧϰ̡
ƽȴֻǾܾǸλ²ԸʱҴ˷ȷ˵Ը˷⴫ұա
һɵʲôβ˵ķӻǵòҴţòƭ˵İɣ
ƽʵм˴ĵӣƭͲ߲𣿡
ԣһЦС⻰Ȥ£ʾǼȻ໹һ£Сѽ󡣡
Ŀ⾫ضƽϵߣҽһߣЩףСܷߣҲЩ
ƽ£ЩΣ⻰ЩٴΡʵʱˣ޴жεצҵұסһȴˣ룬ҽô߳Ҳأʾˡ
²ԸժߣŲ£ǣԸħģ⴫
˵žתߣڽýζ״ҩͯݰݵףһߡ
߳ûæСͻˣ㲻ԸժǱ㲻ժˣܹұլҲʲôΣգСΪأҪ
ƽ幼ǳǳйһ񣺡ϸ壬
һЩĲصĸŴ󻧣Ϊ¶ժߣǷͼܹݵķӣҽ˵
׼ٶȺܿ죬ûһһԵȺŲԸߵҽ޻Ǳ˱ԺڱԺһ󷨣һԺ
ԻƽҪ󣬲˽룬˳㱣
ƽ֪ԼҪҵ⣬ǷӿԼ
죬ƽԺУպͰŮһ𣬳һᶨʱͱرˮʳʱûš
ƽȻɵȥҵĶʳﶼӽ˽УװԼԵøɸɾӡ
ʰ꣬βڵҡҷ죬һ̧ͷŮͳǰ
ŮβԼ߸ߣƽǰͶһӰβ£ŮƬСյƽĲ˲䡣
ʱ䣬Ѿ㹻׽
ƽŮĺ󾱣ʾŮ̧ͷŮͫȵԵ͸γûǰյѪҰԣЩͱ׾
Ůſһöĵҩöҩ΢΢͸ں˵īɫ濴
Ů˳ӵؽҩ£۾ܿ죬;βѿڵĵطʼҪȥӣƽ᲻ص£Ůίطһʡ
׼ӣס𣿡
һʲôСƽνᣬĵĴŮĺ󱳣ŮΪ궯ƽ
꣬ƽڴðһֽƬԴſڿڴԵֱضƽɫ۾һ˿ί
ˣ
ƽһֳۣ˳Ʊסֵβָ˲䡣
ǳûϢرˡ
Ҫͷ˾˵˵ġ
ƽŮ˼̵צӿԼĺ˵ʱ𶯡
β˵ѡ
Ůϰֱⶼͣӵṹ˵޺Ǳܣȴᡣ
䱡
ƽŮȡ֡
ŮãȻؿ죬ȴֻҰް˻
ƽ̾Ϣһ䱵ͷû£
ΪҹףƽҪҽЩٱİ
䱵Ʒֳ׶ΣȻκãܹʱĿģ䱵ƽʱл
ֻǵһΪˣҽҲֻһ
ʱ䣬ҪȥѧϰηĿƽֲͬ
ֲİ֮ҹ׺ѩİҪࡣ
ҲֻԼȥߡ
ƽڱԺһʮ졣
ǰ죬β͸ѿˡ
죬ʣĺƵϰҲʼ޵ģ
죬ѾûȥȫȫؾһޡԱΪʱƽһûг׶ʧǡ
͵죬Ѿȹһٶȷ仯ʼȥԭȵϰٶȱ˵ģƽʱһβͬ˫۵צҲСָ
ڰ죬ʻԡ
ھ죬Ѿױһ߰СϱƬȥ֮СཱུģֻΪһֱĲ̫ãûʲô⡣ƽſһ̲ס䱵
ţָв
ƽãԺ˼Ȧ˳Ҳõƴ˼£󷨱Ϣظı䣬ȴ֪
УԴͨˮıԺеĻûκ
ֻƽԼ֪ĶѾǱڹĶˡ
ʮ죬Ѿ֮л
ƽȥ֮󣬲Ҫǰ¶֪𣿡
Ӧҵѹסȶ͵״̬
һЩ顣
㶵ؿòŷһƵڣáá
ƽЩȣ۵̲סƫͷЦ˳
ʮƽǣһСŮһ߳ұԺ
ϺҼһȺҽ޿䱣û˲ȡ
⡢ģ
ѹסû
ĳɹʳˣ
һȺҽͻȻԼҪ벻ˡ
Ǻ棬æ׷ƽ⾿ôģ
ƽֻ΢Ц
˶Χۣ䱺ܲϰߣҰްıָۣצЩ¶ƽĶŰתͷƽȣһҿ˵ӡ
ĺѰ߰Ůû
УԴˮһԻ߰Ůӵ˵£˿Щ汾ԣΣ
һգԺβʮգǿȫ
˶ˮеŮӣ˸Ƭ̣ǰЩѾӦҩʥº͵ҩסδͼ֮ʱҽ߿ҽɣÿҽߵĴɣɿǺˣ
ԴЦЦ޷ܹҩʥ˵ģ𣿡
Ʋۣϸֳݵ飬һš
ǱҪôװˣҪԴ˺
·𣿡
Դԭ֮ˣڼ飬ҵϢ漰ֻܲ鵽ԼĪħЩϵħһ˼飬ȷǣͺûйϵ
Ǳ㹻ˡ
ûãƽϺߴҺԺȥ
䱲Ը뿪Ҫһ𣬹ûһѹİʲôˣС
һ·ԽԽƫɫɾ»תƧ
ƽ©һģĳЩ²⡣
ڣԺǰƽƿţס
ϵ˼֣غ;֮ɫСѣλεĹˣ֮СͯҪҪö࣬Сӡ
ƽϷģĳС
԰գŶ룬Ŀ˷Ĵϡ
ҵĵʮһգƽڼѩ


86 
ѩ״ȥ䱺úܶ, ٻܹȶûʧغ
Ҳֻǿȥ
ƽÿܸܵѩϢΪ, ޣϸŵһˡ
ƽͣû˿ʹı飬ƺѾ׼, ĸ
΢ɽֿҲµʱ, ƽ벻ʲôԭѡ뿪ܣصҡ

Ϊ֮ͬʱǴδĹԼļͥ, Ҳܸܵõѩҵ̬ȣһƵ϶ġ
ƽ֪ĻЩ
֪, ѩҲǴ, һ, һ⣬ȫǰ̽
͸Ըǰ, ѩȴǱȵġ
ӣôǧȥʱΣյ顣
΢ɽسʱƽ˵ѩһҹĶԻ֪ܵ̽, ʶȺֱ֮ȶɱ֡
ʱ, ˵һ仰
--֪, Ǳ, ҲңΪҹǿϲȥˣԭﻹûйȥ
ƽѩ̾һ
ôܹȥء
͸²ҶʲôҪЮŻȥܵⰵ̽пвѩģӦĳˡ
ʱǲ²ѩĸףƽ⼸Ұд̽һδκĸӰԺг˼ҵŮɣûʲôŮ졣
˴̽ĸʱõֻһ˵ǣĸʮǰͲˣ
ҲһֱûȢ
ʮǰţʱѩӦûС
ңѩǰǻİ˵ĸ˫츳Ѫ֮ǳǿʢԴ죬ôѩĸ׾Ѱ塣
ǲĸףܹвѩģһǶҪˡ
˺֮䣬ΥԼĵ£˵ҪЮѵĸöԷɾɱԷ
飬ôܹȥ
ƽ̾˾䣺ɵӡ
԰գסѩչѩȫɨһ飬Խ飬üͷԽ
ãƽջ֡
Ŀ΢˸½֣ǵһ
ΪѩҲʧأơ
ղż󣬷ѩ䱵ȫͬ
ڵǳƽȣûκʧס
Ψһ㣬֮ǰʶ֮ʱҪ
Ѿᵤһ𵤾ʿȴ͸ͯ޼ˣڲϵţϢ΢ΨĿһ΢ҩסǿסһ
ƽóǱΪԽʯһζҩɶ򵤡ƷҩķҪǿΪƳɣµĵ޺
Ĵƶɶ򵤵ĲֹһˣƽϤҲľ׼ˡ
뵽ʱһֵȵӣ׾ܿöɶ򵤱סѩľ׼
ƽЦһЦҼ̡
׼Ȼҽ߳ϲּڲԱסѩȴԸľһͼİսʿ
ռ˵Ĳ˶ںܶҽ߶ԶǴɡ
ǴƵϣĿģ
ƽ͵õ
ƽָ£ѩĿڴס˶ɶ򵤵ҩҩûĸţƽõļ״
ƽʶѩϸɨǿֱǶѩ֮УؿѩκҪƽ΢תţȥƺûκε
ƽģ̿ʶ£ѩĿڡ
ɶ򵤵̫ʢʢ֮ϸ֦ĩ֮ڸǡ
˺ܾãƽڷ˶ߡ
űɶ򵤸ǹһʱûܲѩһ൱۵ĺۼƺǿӲؽʲôڰ뵼µİˡ
˺۲֮ϸºͣƵЩ죬Ǳ룬ѩԸѡġ
ֹ˥֮Уֱա
ƽ򴽣üͷšЩӡ
֮ǰĲ²ⱻӦˣѩȻѰ
ǰǷֿʱڸǰԼĿĺѩǼĴҲѩѰ
ңһ˱ʲô顣
ƽһҽ˪̵ģǸ·ҵҰ·ӣʲôִѰҪҪ飬ȰѩŪѡ
ƽһڵķ䣬û߼תһȦʵ̫СʺƽҡҡͷųȥѰ˴ĵط׼
ټңȻԼҴƫƧխСסɼЩѩҹʲôӡ
ƽû󷨻ҵļӣͬһö˻ɡ
ܹ飬ַûѧȥ
һЩ䷱ҩĺܶĵҩƽʱƽ¯ܾø¯޷ֱӵظҩı仯״̬
·ȥΪȥάִĵĽ򣬵ڣȻ׺˶֣ȴϸҪöࡣ
˲֣һһƽǰ
ҪƵĵҩ΢鷳һЩѩ˶ɶ򵤣ҪҩñܿͶɶҩҩģҩ̫ǿģⷴѩ塣
¶ȲߣƽԸӾ׼ؿҩĵ״̬仯
ѿΪҩѩ˯յ꣬ѿ״̬ȶҩɢѡú໨ѿҩɢ⣬֦ȶҩԣе͡
ҩ򵥣ѵơ
໨ҩø˲伤ֻ֦Ե£ǹ̻ȶõ֦ɢԡ
ֻһʱҩ֮¶Ȳ
ˮһֱƽԴⷬ׼
԰գЩ˼飬Цûҩƣû¯
ʼղֻĬĬˮƽĶ
ǰűӦҩӽ˪֮У仯֮ɬˮһС
ƺÿζҩĵʱ״̬ȫȻأûж࿴ͬʱĿζҩĴա͵£ȫַͬȻͬʱС
һԴϳ겻ЦҲʧˣһ˿衣
ֲ˼طģĿ֮һúܺá
˵꼫Ϊǿ
Դһ˿ľ裬̧ͣȥ飬ԽϸԽá
Ҫ֪˵ȫϢ
ˣǿ˼
ҩѾǼʱ֮󣬳ʱıȫȻרעƽǳЩû˵ϣСĵش˿ףҩöҩϻ֮Уתݡ
һһö֧졣
ƽѩһö˼ϱߺķȥ
죬ʱ䣬Ӧùˡ
µҩԼĪʱѩ˹
ãȻ۾ŴƺɻԼôţôŤͷ˶ƺûüжԱߴһ
ȱ̫󣬱ԪһϢ
ѩİȴ͸¶Ÿ·ζЩ⣬˳Ľض£ĿȥһߵŮӣסݣУֻ¶˫۾ĪϤС
ѩһת˲֮Ѿȥ
ɬҵģ
ƽͷ˵ȱģҰ׷ѹ򡣡
׼ˣѩӣֻҪ仰ǲԸҲ˼پܾ
ϢѩɫЩ˼ôлΣͻȻŮֵ
У㣬㡣
ѩһ˲Щɣ·𲻸ţҵġĸѣ
ƽƳһۣЦĺܶѡ
ģԼķһˣ
ƽƽ¡л̫ʷƽƵıһˣֵǵûã㻹ûܳ黪ĵӣŵ״ӡ
ѩգգۣţĿЩͣ·𲻸š
뿪Ͳȥ̽ܵκϢ
᲻ãҲǺ¡
ͬ˶񣬺ʦĲͷŭۿܽԼĻ档
һԼʡ
ܹҲǸҪˣֻҪȥ룬ͿԵһжûз
Щȥ
ͷþδЩңƽţһöûƭ㣬ǰʱ
ղ͵͵ġ
ѩǱ̵һ͵ضһ£Ӧڴϵķ
ֻһۣۿͺˣ̲סͷȥƼ
ŷɽصīѶϣһɿȻ͸ֽ
ɽ
սʱƽһչ¶âʱõķΪ˱ǡ
ƽһֱվڴߣûпѩ㹻Ŀռ䣬ֱ֮תѩʣʸºҵλйϵ
ѩʳ仰ʱüȻѾ˼·
ǲһ޷εǰߵŮӣһλѹϵǳԸðŵ˴ķֻ
ƽü΢Щпѩ״̬ٶȣ£ֿʼſںǸˡ
ѩЩ죺ºƽ
ƽޱӻŶĵҽ̵ģʦɡ
ѩɵ΢ǰ
ƽڵҺƽδйʦ㲻ʦͽֻڵ
ѩһ¾ʹ˼𾴣ԭǰʧˣǰγƺ
Ĭһ˲
ѩҪ´񣬱ƽס뿿ڴϳ΢΢ǰ
ƽ
ֺĻƫƫ֮òһˡ
üģоеͷۣתлĻȱ˵ˣҲϣԼĲǸ֮ˣ㣬ֹǾˣҪġ
֮˫͸żȻѩʶǸƽ̫ƣһ˲㱣·ǰ˲ƽʦˡ
󷨱ҸĹǵ̸
ƽؿ˵˵ΪλѰ
ѩĬ˺ܾá
б䣬ɫ׺ʱһˣƽѾһգʱٳ˻ɡ
㲻Ը˵ˣһա
׼뿪ֻ֪ҸõǱҩ֪ѹˣҹˣǵ÷һ¡
Ϣķ̹ܽ٣ѩᡣ
תߣڴʱѩͻȻ˵ˣ·𾭹һǿҵ
ǰ֪𣿡
ƽŲһ٣ת£֪һ塣
ѩ£ҡǸĸˡ
Щƽ֪ˣûдߴ٣ѩ˼ЩҵĻĿºͣ·˵κŵĶ⣬ֻΪѼѹõй
ѩЦ£ǰ˵ѰʵҲƲϣֻȨȷʵƾõķ
䲻Լµƽһ
ѩָԼĿڣĿ´ǰҽ߳ѾˣȱһЩ
ƽͷĶ
Щ棺ʲô
ѩǱĿɬһö顣


87 ֮
飿
ƽظһ, Լƺʣ˼һ֮ǰпǧ귢չʷʱ
֮ٺ, ʿ˴弸ݷֱǰʱ, ſʼϻ
ƽӡ, ֮һֱ壬ԷΪ𡣶ʱеĺͬҲһԱ, ʵͳ졣
죬ѩе塣
嶼зǳ塣
Ѱ嶼軯񾳲ܹȫΪΣ֮ǰ޻ǲ, ܻ¶һ, Ϊ졣
ȴǡǡ෴, ֻл񾳿ȫԳڻ֮ǰĴʱ䶼, ΪߣԼ
Ѱͨ֡
Ѫ츳Ҳ쳣ǿֻҪͻ񾳣ʵԶѰ
ĺ򲢲, 己ѣ, ¶ʵλп, Ҳûл֮λ
, ôͳʼȶ
ֱĳ֡
ǧ귢չʷһжļЩɲ꣬û˵龿εֻ˵ĳλŮͻƻʱһöǧ꾫汲顣
ö쳣ǿλŮΪǣǹһʣԸеĺС̶̼ʱ䣬ʵѸһʱͷԼʤһ
ǱҰģҪ֮λ
֮гʮҡ
֮иŶ꣬ԺҵĽʤѷһ巢ѵǰϦ뿪ɲݽ뺣򣬴Ӵ塣
ƽӡֹڴˡ
üͷš𣬳֮ǰڣ
ƷӦʵľޱȡ
ѩ¶һɬЦݣ˵ͷҳվˣһֱΪӡס˸֪ǰҲ֪£ǰŷ֡
ƽ˼Ƭ̣૵ԭˡ
ȴͻȻһ̬ͬҽףǲ֪ӺδõϢҪѩõ飬ո壬һѩǰܡ
ƽ֪ͻȻ뵽ЩʲôĿЩ죬ɵݼأÿһ㡭
ѩ£ʵҲ֪ʲôݣ뿪ʱһСʱû̫ӡֻԼǵãǰҲǺҵģȴ֪ΪΣ͸׷Ŀɳ𣬶Ҳ񡣡
ѩڴߣķ˿ǰĿãȻؿǰǼǰ΢ɽƾɽҸ֪ڻĴڣҡ
һڣ·ѯʣַ·ҲףΪʲôңȴֽӡ֪
ƽ֪Ҫߺͷйޱ߼ʵĻ䣬ĸôҵģ
ѩҡͷҲǰҴ̽ҳ˸׺͹ϣ֪ĸ׵ҵӺѰ޲𣬳ǣиû֪Ǹ׶һֱĸǸɢޣʮǰţ֪ġ
ĸһļѾˣΨһ£Ҽǵ÷ǳ
ѩૣɫЩãɱ˸ףʧˣ֮󣬸״˺ܶ˽ΧҾûټʱһʲôˣ֮ÿ춼جΣֻˣٺ֪ûӻ˺ͻȻɿЩ
ѩ˫ĿضţĬòŵʵԼԸ׵뷨Щ²⣬ҲѹĸҪɱѹĸҡ
ƽ˼άתķɿ죬֮ǰĻ˳ǲðһЩ飿
ѩЩȣؿƬ̣յͷ
ӡУСʱ򣬸׶ҷǳãµҴӣ꣬мĺͯһʱҲǸǵ׿ҵͿʼ仯ˡ
һֺݵӣǲ⣬ʧȥ֮󣬸׽ҹ˽գҺһȺδȫİһʱһ֪ԼǸֻǰ˰ģʵ̫£ڽ޺űų
֮󣬸׾֪ˣȷʵǸĽȫİ츳츳ʵ㲻øߣͼеȫͬΪĴҵκε档
ѩƫͷ˵Щ֮˲٣¶һεЦݣ֮󲻾ãĸ׾ͺ͸׾ѣӻغұ䵽ûᣬҵ˹ùõĹղ˳󡣡
ƽףͬΪȫİѩҹ׵츳Ϊβ֮
Ϊ鱻ӡ
ѩӦǰɣʵѰʿ֮ٶҲϿģĻǲ̫࣬Զ㲻μǸֻǿڵһݶӣЩ㡣
ƽ׽ͻȻֵһƺȻȥܵ̽Ϊùв㣿
ѩͷ
ǰ̸ԼĿʹɵؽҹ˵һʱЩƿڣµûţβŵƫԺд˺ܶ꣬һҲùþʱ䵽ˣ뿪ҡ
ͬʦǾѣдŸҴȥܣҲҪֻԼǸûĹ¶
ѩŵʱ飬ʵȥҲãʱ϶ϣڵʱǻްеһ΢⡣
ңӴɽߺ
ûܾջ
ùҵϵΨһŮҲǿǸ׵ұۣҺţǱΪİ£һ۵Ҫ뿪ѣʵҲȷʵˣ˳˳ȥӲݵݣһ·˳
ƽע̾һ֪ÿĹǸ˲Ըġǡڶˡ
ѩݵĵһ죬²ȥڿˣȥʱڿɿ￴ҵˡ
˵ѩһ£һŵʶˣӸ׵ֱָӣǾǸˡ
ֱڣѩշ飬Ǿһĺ䡣
˸һŴ䵭үл㡣
ѩڱ׷µľ֮ûлֱ㶵ؽӹֽ̣׵д˳
ѩ;𣿡
ѩȫѪҺ·𱻶ˣƣǱϵɰʯƣӿһɶĵѪζ
֪ʲô֪
ͷԴһº͵ЦŶ˵ӴˣԼȥǺ£Ϊʲô߸ףҪԼ͵أ
ѩֻԼݶڴԴƺ뷨ָƣһ䣺Ϊ㣬淸˴ܵõԵһҹ棬ѩ֪ʲôɣ
ҼҹһѼߣնϳΪ
һùдĸŵŻûó˺֮ܶҪôµûпʼȻֹ
֪ûгγɣѾֹ˽Ұյ졣
ͷԴµ˵ѩ︸һ£֮ҾͷŰ뿪һȥԼӡ
ѩؽҧ͹𣬺ҵط˵һƵڡ
á
ȻΪܵһŶӡ
黪£ùдʦţҲûó
ѩΪԼ˵ιµʱƽȷʵҲȷʵƽֱȵָϿһƬʪʶԼڵᡣ
ůӰסºŵѩһ뵽Լλѡ
˵ʦͽ𣬾ο˵ķʽôơ
ʲô˵ֻһӵ
Ҳãʲôû˵


88 ȺӢʢ
ƽ˲֮ǰ뿪ѩķ䡣
ѩһҩ, 鿴ֻܷöҩǡ
ѩͻȻԼĪΣѹûҩǶ
±, ҲԼûжÿɻ
ѩ鱻Լ룬ֻ·һ
ºսƵƵ˲֪ѩԼȴ, Ǻ廹, Ϊ
ȥɱܵʧܣȴŹùΪ, ѡֻܻصңԼڵ黻عùá
Ҫɱ, ޷Ǿǵ, , ܴǸ׶˵ˣҲص, ¸붯֣Ҳûлˡ
ѩԼԸǴû侲һе侲µظԴס
Զ߶, ȴǰȫѡ
ԴʱΪ, ·һʶӡ
Ȼô궼һֱѩƫԺв, ӵ, ȴ˽ġ
ų׾ϲ̨档
Դ𴽽ǣҲſʼãҵѪ
ѩ۾
ѧˣø׶ħģǩ˷ɵԼ飬ΥԼһǿҵķɣŸ˹ùе׷ӡǣĿ͹ù뿪ݡ
һУ룬˸ף֮һ˯ѣֱա
Ҳ֪ʲôײŸҶ£̴ˡ
ѩ廹˵ͣƽ̻¶ô಻Ĺȥ֮¶һƼᶨȵ
·л洩͸ŵĺؼ
뿪ңܹʹá
ԣֹһУ뵽õƾ֮
ƽͷؿƬ̣ת첽ͷصصһ£԰׵ķɫ̱һƬ
ղĪ׳ķΧ̱ơ
ƽջ֣ƮƮ˵һ䣺
պĻ磬㸸׸ҵѹ㣬ȷʵǸӡ
ƽЦ£Ŀƽдһ˿Բſ񣺡û㻹бƾ֮
ѩ㶵գգ۾һʱûӦͼֹԼͷһѣһ䣺úϢϢ뿪ˡ
ѩһȻдպ죺ɼȢɥᡣ
иһ˿Ի
Ǻӣ
ѩƫԺûãƽϴȥãϱ棬ƽµˣҪȥҼԴ
ֵ˱Ҫһպ˵Ҳ
ƽĿƽشɨѲȥ޾׵ʢװŮԼԵüĶʦ֡
΢ͽ۹⣬ĺ档
ԴǺѩݵϿźĶţ֪ҷ飬ԴһŶహġ
Դʱ̬ͦãλɽͷɽΪСβĳʤм
ɽΪҶΣн
ƽ⼸պƵԽԽߣѾһ治ɫرԵı£ˣ󸮹ǲԭʧ鼫ΪҽʮҲδ
⻰˪ˣһЦ
ҽʮ컹ࡣ
ĳܣҪҪֻһҩһǳŲ˶༶
Դ˫΢Уҽȷʵ߳׼Ľһ¡
̾ϢһװݵˣҲֻˣɽ˵ɡ
԰գԴĿЩж˼־棺ɽȷգҶһѣվŲμ硣
ƽһЦӳŰͬȵɫ
Ը
Ķӣһѹ

⼸죬ƽڲĴ߶ȻҲûзļӡ
ƽ԰еע֪ȴҲûᣬֻ˹䣬ȥǷеҩ̡кͽȻЩѵõҩĻżȥɢɢģȥҲ
⼸գǵˡ
ƽ˲ݵŵҲǰоܡ
º񱻺Ϊʤ֮һȴȥò˵ܴ衣
ƽʱֱ治е׾ΪҵӢϿǸϹżĺɫж
Ϊĸúַ߱Ƿ
ƽںתһȦ۲źɫеĶ
ǰʱգɫ͵úܴһƬڳī̾ںϣȥʼգӺ߿ȥԼĪֻȭͷС
ƽµںй䣬ж˸о
֪ת˲֮䣬һѾźɫжȥ
ƽԱ߸·Ϲżͺս飬ĵˡ
д߿żӿżŵٶȡ
ԴĺӣԤżŵʱ䣬ͬһ졣
ƽں߿˼ܵˣʦ㣬и
һɫźϣ֪Щʲô
Ű˶ƽĿû̫ͬͣãȥˡ
ܹ飬ܿͻټ
գȺӢ硣
ƽΪҽʦռ˸۵ϯλλӽǶȲý󲿷˵Ķ۵ס
ܼ˴ܶΪۣȴռ˸λӡ
ƽУ࣬Ψ֪ȥ
ԴΪλ֣صܣòܺɧŶҲ޲ߣֻܹ㷢Ӣλս£Ϊıȡ̫ƽ
λԸǰĳʤм
Դ԰գۿһȦԿء
˸òʾ̬һ۾˲жķ
иԕNݶСļʵе˭˲֪زݶ꣬˲ݵĺߣ⺣½࣬ΪˣҶ˲أ֪жӵΪ֮ѪҸ壬¾岻ѡ
ԴǫѷⱾҵְ𣬵˿ޡ
ƽؿƽƫͷз˸ۣЩЦ
ȺӢδ磬ԴȺӢ磬һλ͵Ҹλܡ
˸ȹӳ
Ůһǰ
ûбʱɫҲ͸¶ָ߰ƽţܾջ˼ֲͷ
ƽ˼ΣɫѾߣȴⷢһ˿̾
ԴߵԼߣ߰ת˵עӣ۷綼ûжһ¡
ԴظλѾ֪ͬԸؽ֮ãֹͬ󻼡
Щ֪˵ʲô
Ѿ˲еĴԣʱǲû
ףǰδŹ
Ϊ˹ͬ壬Ҳһ̾
Һ˵֮壬û
δһʣüŵĲͣԴԵλ£ĿѲš
һСģ˫ֱ۾
˫ۣˣϤ
ƽºͳ㡣
治ɫƿߣȴԾػ˸ˡ
ڰɡ
õ˵ݣ˵ģҲαװ
ôͱʦʦ÷ְɡ
ƿߣûע⵽ƽµ˽
ƽ³ɵʦãǲǡ
ֿ϶ԣǡ
ķˣܲʶ
Ȼ򣺡ʦ˵Ҫ»һʱ䣬ԭҪȥɻ鰡
ƽһ飺
ⲻصɡ
ƽ˰е˾ս۵ףڴЦ
û뵽̫΢ĸӣַʽ˸档


89 
˿Ƹ߰ضһ, ʵѾʼġ
ʦʦõܾѾϳԼˡ
Ƿѽ⣬Ϊαװغܺ, Ϊʲôܱϳ
ƫͷȥ˺ʦʦõӣҲڰʾǲҪԼαװ
ƽºͳȻܸӡ
ǳ㣬ѾǼ򵥵ĸˡ
һ֪˼άƮ, ͻȻתͷƽ̵˵ʦ, ˡ
ƽһὣ𣺡ôʲôˣ
һɫվʦֵĻ磬û׼񡣡
ƽ£
, ϥͷ򶨵ⲻ󡣡
ĵɲɵ˻һء
ƹѲ, , ûһ, ŻҵȺ˽, ûҵ
̫ڵǶרڻ͵ͥԺ˿еķ󷨣޷մӸߴ, ֻװߴ·ҼתһĄ̇ͤ¥һһ, Ȼʹ, ʱڸҲѩںδ
, ƽü۳ЩƱڴߣͼס𣿡
𣺡ʱ̫̣ԼĪ֮һĵط߹Ķסˣûټ
˶һۣףֻǸˡ
ǰӰǵеһߣԥ˺ð˵ȻǴеҪĿǲϿյĺɫоǷǰйأһ˽¡ֻŰǵġ
˵仰¶һĺ˵Ҳ˼˵ڡıر飬µһڵţСǰⲽǱﲻһ֡
˶һۣĵѹÿ춼˵Ҫ꣬ôȫ޳ţܳŵȷʵ˼顣
ƽȻʦģ˵ҲȥʦܵģȻ׿˵ʦͻܵ״ӣû۸˵ĵ
ͷֺ֪ؿƽ£ʦ㣬ǲ֮ƾ򲻹
ƽ£
ʦù߻̨
ӵȻҲ뵽һ㣬ҵ񣬸ƣڲݸŶ꣬޷Ǵҷͻҵѩںδǡ
ͳһƿ㣬ȡѩƵĵƳɣǷԲʮ֮ڣҵ
ӹƿ֣صһ٣ܸһѱǵĸоʱȴǰͷлš
֪Ѿļˡ
һ֮һһ̬ܵȡѩˣҲԳƻؼˣ˭ֹؼأ˭ֹһ׼ԼĶأ
Ӳܳ湫ȻȥҪˣݺ꣬һֱҴݸڸڵ壬࣬ҵһܺá
ûҲûҷѡ
ԽºΪСȥõķ
£ֻ˽¡
ڣԸ¡
ͷ˵ʲôأǿҵĵӣ

Ʊյƽº͸𽻻һ侲ЩҪ
ڻãûа취֤ȫˡ
ͷ˿ھƣ֪
ȺӢ籾ԹӢ۲ݹ̺Ϊɶģ룬ǵʽˣµ£ʵһʣ󡣡
˵δɷΣǸɢޣƽʶҩͯԣ״ѵ춡㣬ɣΪԪӤڣǶһСɢޡ
춡ʵܷΪҵȽһ飿ڳкܶ඼ǲʿ˰뱲Ҳû峤ʲôս£˽⣬ǲźӦԡ
Դпܵĳ
ֻ̧ϣΪҽһɡ
Ӧɤӣ͸ɢ㿴ֻ̬ӣĵЧ˲ò幼ϵΪ
Ƶĺ壬ǰ˲еĺȺڵͳơȺ൱㷺廮֣Ҳнǧֲͬޣͳ졣
˵һ£˵ĿһЩǸ⣺Ҳٶǰѳ塣
س˳ǣ
󲿷ֵĺǺֵܺģ϶кԵȺ־Ƭ룬ЩĺβΪΪ˫ǰ޷ϰԸЩ壬Ҫ΢Щ
Ψке壬λһҪģһСΪΪԽԽԣֻҪ룬ǿԿȥûκһĺ͵Ǳϰ˸ֱ治ǰδսЩ޲ɵġ
ֵ:оŴǿߣΪξ磬ҲлϵΪǵвܴ
ֻѰ壬ҵҲ֧ţȥ꿪ʼв֪ʱһ׺ĶǶչвôν֮ʱǵչⱻȫڱΣƱ죬ǵİջΪ췣ˡ
ӻź壬Ǵ˺ܴ鷳
һʣ̨궯

֮ǰѾ𣿡
ɲôĴڣ
ƽĿһͣתͷȥϡ

̾ϢһʵʱҲǾȣʷ伮ϹʱѾǶԣǴ˵еȴû뵽ĻĴڡ
±Ϣ𺳵ˣþûлԭһǻ֮ǿĺͶ֮ʱѾ׵ȥ֮ǿ־͵ǡ
һ궯˱һϣʵ᲻Ūˣ
˶ȥæ֣˼ҲҵжϣֻǴʵڹںˣϹʱĵû˲֪ͻȻðһ˵ûпܣʵޣ
˵һµϣ׷
Ҳǰ˵۷֮ʱмСĻԻ𣿡
Ҳǵɹ޲ʵ˵ɹ飬ҵȻڴ˴
˵ֵۣλ뷨ҲûпǹǶǾȥеص伮
ݼأͻƻ֮ȫ˽ΪޣΪΪԽߣԽԽӴ󣬶ǰɫ˫ǣƬӲԺɫɫɫӶֻ࣬צ
岻ͬצǰ˫ΪɫʵƽȻк绽ƿȻ仯ɫҲҪḻ
ȷճڲϿյģһצ
ƽ۵׻һ˿ĹָǰľƱʶĦȴûаѾƱ
ۼ״ȤƵǺ㣬Ǵժ߳
ƽ̧ЦһƱ𣬿ᣬźҾ޸ˡ
ҡҡͷоҺһǿϧ
ȺӢ絽βʱܶ˶⣬Ҳ˽ǸͻסʮĵظԶĿ˰˿ͷ
˼²鿴ѩ䣬ֲңһ󣬻ѡڳпջס
ü΢̧δƣоζ̫ŨҲմȾЩõü䵭һ䣺ˡͷҲصؾֱ뿪˿ǺվҪͬҽ֮ˡ
뿪ʱһЩ̬¶ڵ
࣬أŮӣгɻǰֻҲμӾġ
ϾʹȻ
һĵΣҲ.ʮ꣬ȴѾ϶ǿ
ǰ׵ĶӴסڲıԺ֮УһЩ롣
ŮߵԺߣͿҹɫӰͻȻϮͷس˹һקԺĽǽǡ
ŵŮһչ⵶ն£˷ӿ
ǵס֡
˵ǰȻ۲𣬶ǸƫŮЩΪƽʱ˵ȥЩ죬ɤӡ
򶨵תͷͻȻ֮͡üλҹǰ֪кιɡ
һҲʶǵģ
˳ĬƬ̡
㲻ʦ֣ɤӲҴҪҪԣ
ˣ
Ŀɨһ޹ʦãͱؿʦ㣬ƫͷȥݺݱۣ΢죺
ԡ


90 
ˮ໯, ˳ִӽȡ˳̵ģһûúأҪҪԡ
ƽƳŮ, ʵŵù
ͷ۾ѾųеŲˡ
ʦʮ˰ͨо⿾ġ
ŮȻر鿴ԼķضڱԺԿ㡣
̳Ǹ˻ſһǣ𣿡
˶ݵŮҲضԱ߳˿㡣
ᶼҪˡ
̵˵ϧСʦòڣȻĸ;ˡ
Щȣʦͽˣ
ƽ£ȥ, ʱֵöͦ, һֱδ飬û
šü˼鱨ʵ̫Щ
ƽƳһۣ˵˵, ˵ģܵԼʦܳɻ飬ôġ
ˣӦ˵αװ˱Ϊķ˶, ֪¿ȥ, òгҳ֮Ҳ֪
һķ˿ν;ⶡ
һ˶˷, ʱ첻㣬, Ϊٳϲȥ޷֮λ
ķˣȴÿͻһ֮ʹܱ˪֮
ӵ֮ͩ, ʺһʱ㽫, ΢Ϊ̵տ
ɿһ, ˪֮ʹȴԱ, ÿʱֻܻصĳ֮رչأ߹˪֮ʹܹ뿪
صҲΪ˴¡
չؽûãõһȷеϢ
ˡ
֮ı˪֢֮
һڣδ䵽ȥ첻ȷϢǷΪ棬Ǿһѡ
̽ŷųϢ̽䣬ʱ֦Ϊְæѹ塣
屾ͶٶǰһʱڻôõĻᣬȻŹͬԽΪɱ˶Ŀɣٽ¼ɡ
˵˴
˵꣬üͷšǸղ˵ʲôҸԼʦܽף˵ʦյĹŵǸʦôйء
㲻ؽ͵ʦĵӡ
˿
ʦĵӡ
죺
ʲô
ʦʦ׵þһˣԼΪ黪ķղȥ̫ˡ
ƽ¶ͬؿ죬ʦ˵ʦܣҲؼһʱȵǶˣ˼ǲٰ£ý֮֡
ֱ飺ֻҪβѡ
ʦ˭ʶ
ƽ޶˰Դ⻰ŻȥʦͰɡ

ƽȴЩǻͷҪҵʦܵڣڼȻʦܣǵ÷ѹˣֻҪջհ죬ʦܿ϶֡
Ա㣬ʼ⣺Ŷȵʱʦ֣ܳʦִԴڻǰʦ߲ܽˣ
һŮ̷ԣⲻǵ¹ȻҪҪԲУ
ƽµתƵʵʦܣһ𣿡
죺
ĸ
Ա߰ο밡ûˣŻ¾ͳˣͷ취룬ҿɲʡ͵ĵƣʱ˦ѣҲǼ鷳¡ֱû°첻ɣ鵽֣Ҳˣ廹˦ѺҵĹϵֶΪء
˵˹أܸһе׸УŮһһ㶵ġ
񡭡Ҳе
ǲ֪ڲǵһͷһҲı顣
⼸գҶƽİмԽˣƽȺӢɢ˶֮ʱæ÷׼һ档
ʱλձŽҪ𣿡
⻤һ£һڳʧ˴£ȫҲˡ
ҲԼˡ
ƽûش𣬶ǰסļɫҷǳҪھһҪİ
÷üͷһʲô£
ƽһŲǺҵϸ·ͼ⼸һµģԺܺãҲտ·ͼһĿȻ
ղҪһ磬֪ɡ
÷䵭ü£ڲ˲֪㾿Ҫʲô
ʮ顣
÷ף
ۿɼĴһ˲
ʲô
ƽظһ飺顣
÷һŴϢͼлȦĵطӦҡ
ʱִ٣˵תʹߡ
÷ڷӦȵȣƻأʱʱ֣Ҫδȥиδͬ𣿣У˭ЩܵøҰɡ
÷ֻⱲӶûôʧ̬ʱ
ƽλĽ͵ûмƻ飬ʱָ֪ͨҾУûͬ˲صͼϻȦĵطвҲȦܣңûˡ
ڴ˶ǵڱʾ顣
һ䣺еݣˡ
Сɣˡ
˵ˣ÷һŵͼ֮ûܻ
ҹɫžӿ·ʲôΣݷţŻ
¸ҹչ롣
˯еǱһĲҽоѡ
幥ǡ
л˵


91 幥
, ǵĺߴ˴̶ĺŽȫѡ
ƽʱѩķиҩʵϴεĵҩѾ, ⼸ΪϷÿ춼Ҫһˡ
춯ѩ۾Ŀһ˿ãȻ塭ǣ
˼Žһ̣ź, Ǽ򵥵ɧ, ǴģϮ
ѩ૵һιϮ
ƽüѩ۵ϣ, ûгԴǿ㷲ġ
Ļǰһ칥ǣΪʲô
Ϊ˲֣֮Ϊѩ, ιǶѲ˸ϵ
ú, ȥ
һöѩ, ȷյжæ˵˾䣺Ϣ
Ҵʧҹɫ֮С
ѩеĴ, ˼Ƭ̡
ôƽĴһģһ
תһ룬ǰƽʶƽķҲ˵ùȥ
ҹδѩ߬Ŵ, ͷһҩźķͶȥһ, ڴ, Ϣ, ָ˺һڻ˯ģ

˿̲ҳһţҵĴ󲿷սǰУμȺӢҲˣЩϻЩ
ɱʱЩ񶼻ɵġ
ȺӢǹͬ壬ǸѾ˶ս׼ȺӢŹȥʱǶûӾѣ͹ˣδҲ̫ͻȻˡ
ڸٶǶԼΪĵģת𹦷ų⣬ٵظŽǴķ
ȻŶͬսľ飬սͻȻҹɹٺҲӳĺܼʱûںͻȻ̫֮æҡ
ƽʱ򣬺߱ߵķѾ֧΢ɵĻɫâںϿҫεıݡ
кܶ˶һϵѾ뵽˹ͬеӪ֮Уһ۾ɨȺеʦ͸𣬻һͷװǲʶĶʦִһȺޡ
ӦԺ꣬ѾγԼĲֺͰţ˲ֻǵĲ֣ʿһսƽµĽǰΪָ
ܵ˶Ĵʦ㣬ƽ֮ǰܵĻɽһֱƿأεԱģ·ܡ
ӿĲΣһ޴ĺɫβӺ淭𣬺ƽʱƳʮ׵ĸ߶ȣβٺݺĴڰߵķϣĹâۿɼѿһƵѷ죬һ
ڴ˿̣һƽ൱ϤӰǰȥͬʱӳĸֱ̣ɢں߶ĸԼУʮָ˲ɢٵڰߣ֧ҡҡ׹󷨡
ղ¶ľβл񾳵ʵ
ⲻʲôССֵɧţ˳׼ĹҪĸֶ˹
ԴںָŲеĻӣ״ɫЩĸ
ˮؼǺŴ󻤷еİҹġ
ԴĿŶǰ𡣡
Цһǵڱصá
ϣϾǺֻ»һս
Դڲ࣬侲ָս£ȴû̫Ѳ˵¡
޷
ұס飬ֻҪһգݾһղðʱһܻ˷ҵܣΪһ޷ʹõ飬òʧ
黻ЩõĶ
Դ뵽ʲôʵûгְɣ
ҡͷĳʱǳɣ󲿷ʱڰºϳ˯ڲֵʱ
ԴЦֻҪ֣岻Ϊ塣
սǽţƽͬ׶ֻ֣ں󷽰æ˵ˣһĵʼδϨ𣬳ʵ޵ݡ
÷ҲװɶԳеɢ޼ⳡս£ûͽĵۣ಻޽콣ȫԼˮݾԶҲǰ࣬ʶ÷׵˲ࡣ
װƽʶģȴʼھƽԶһɵִĵطһ߶Եһ߱İȫ
ݶ෨ޣΪԵʣݵķ޶ˮĹԦˮûκǺĶ֡
洫Ƶŭ𣬰ըףʱµ
ղǲ֪Դǿĳ֮Ĳսɢŭ֮֮ĵС
ƣƺ͸˷Ϣÿ˵Ժ֮Уһʱ˶Ϊ֮ҡһ˲
ɫһǺʶ겻Ҫţ
ӯأظعһˣţХ쳹أĸһ˲
Ҳֻж̶һ˲ٶȾ
ε˱֮ղҪڣ깥ڸڹƻĸ֮У˷ʤ
ϱǸеİлУʱѪӿֽ
ɲؿԶķ
ǻ񾳺ڵΪɹˣҲʮˣ񾳺ڵΪ˺֮жӹɵǿߡ
ϰʨ𹦶ֱ꣬ӸֱԿǶԷʮģΪߡ
ֻпξĺ
ǰһڣ걻ֱӻеʹĿ̫˼άЩ硣
ŴǿߣεǿߺֱӳڹսУͨغףξҲѾˣԼúľġ
͵ؿȳһѪ֧վǿԼһʨ𹦱˺ĸ
ΪܹĸǺΪߵģѶԸġ
ϱһӵܷվδս֮ͻȻһĺ
ͬѾӵĹϣΪᣬЩֱǸ˷
еǸ˶С
ղãͬΪɺ
ǹõʨ𹦣ڴɮĶŹŭĿվ
ŭĿվеһʽ
ⴿŭĿպ˽ΣȻĽĸˡ
ѭȥӵս֮пһͷߵСУһ˵ɮ£ȥ಻ʮģΪͷ̫֮ǰһֱȺûб֡
ƽȴһ㶣Ȼȥ
Сҹ֮۵СյԵùͷ
ôעţЩ˼ӹͷһ䣺ӷ´£վ
ȥ䲻ΪҲԽȥҲղŵĺѹ˺ĸ
Щɻ󣬱վµĹȺԲ֮Ч²̫࣬ԵҪ
ǣź屻ѹ˲䣬͹ȥ
ΪŭĿվ壬ֻǵΪǿҲѹƲξĺ
Сϡĵӡ
ƽȷؿ˿վƬ̣ƿ
սں󷽾˻żְСæǳעԼܵļͬš
رƽ¡
ƽϲԼǰ棬ָ֧ʱ齨սѹνս˲Ϣ䣬вˡ
˺ҹĹ漣һЩƽü΢ʶһЩԾ
ĴڳɻǰҹˮһսΪɳ˶ĸ֣ȴһǹûʵ
ǰƽȻҲʶ˲ԣüͷһ壬Ƴб󷽵ĺӰ͵Ǳϰź󷽳͵Ϯȥ
ƽµ齣ǵС㿪
㲻սϲΨȫ֪ܶ
ⰵӰ̫ͻȻƽµʱѾӦʶؾԼĴǰ
Ӱֻһ֮
ǧһ֮ʣоԼʲôȦס͵غ󳷡
סߣֻƳٱ仯ľɫ
ٶȺܿ졣
ƽµĽ漴ϵ˴ǺߣˮŨأŭƱ֮ǰ˲ֹһ㣬϶ȼ棬бһŭն£⴨һӿſġС
ʯ䣬Ϣȵķ˲ϢƽµĽһǰһ󽫰ӰƵм䡣
_һӰͬʱ̱ڵϡ
ʱȵվڵϣ´ǰ˵ллѡȡ
лĻ˵һ룬㿴˶ԷϹס˴ڽߣԼ֮¶˫ẬЦۡ
֪ΪΣ˫ۻĪ˾ЩϤ
ƽ֣һص˺ʵ罻룬սѣض񡣡
ʱ˵ݣ͸¶ͳĹϵִֻܲٻؿһۣȷ˳㲢޴󰭣
һ˿ȵĳɫȻŭͷ˵ĳɫͫûκθضŵϱƽ˵İӰ̧һ£ӰĻգ׻Ϊҽ룬Ͷս֮С
ڳڳ֮أ亣ûʱͺˮĺϵţˮݡ
֪ҪôԸԷ
ÿ̤һΧȵĻ񣬾ȵϢ
汻յͨ죬ٽսĺ嶼ˣòغס
ƽæллѾʦãʵγƺ
ƽĿʦɨЦɽѶԡ
֮ǲ͸¶ˡ
ĳЩ⹦ԣ˵ʱܱ֮ã˲Ը֪ź͵Ŵ棬˾Ҳ㲻ͻأ
ʦ뿪󣬺۲֪ģӰһξĥ䵽ƽߣ̽Ϊҹûж֣
ƽ˺һۡ
ûģ֪ܶѰ˲֪ľϢֺ͵ɹܹϢϵǳ񻹲ֹĿΪΣ޷ȫġ
ü΢䣬һ޹۵ѹˣ¾䲻ͣȴǸ޸֮ĵޣսβսء
ӵɨһۣȻֳǸ죬ȴҲС޸֮Ļƻ
ʿ뵽ս֮У˲ıս
֮£ʼһֵļҷ
ֱʱ֪Уغס
Σ
ƽһʧζü塣
ⳡͻĹսʱƲɵȥʱȴɣǱˣѾ׼õһ㡣
ΪΪ鱳ˮһս
еҽȫǰæ˻κ忴ڣ󣬶ˣҽ޵ºܿͻָ
һ˵ȶǰæսʿл˳μӽյһ¡
˿̣ڴ
ƽ̧ͷۺտ⣬ͲԶ÷ײһӡ
Ļ磬ֻҲֵúܡ


92 粨
ҺĻԼͻȻ, ҲЩر
ղݷ˵ϰףɹҪԼȥļӭס
ǻߵϰףҪ򵥲, ӭзϰף˺˫Żļ֤֮ºϼ
һȫΪݶòı䡣
ǰЩȥݾӵıԺνʱᵽ¡Щʹ㰴ʽ̫ԶԽ, ҵѾٲ, ǱţôӴӱԺнӭߣ־ñԺª, Ψί˵£硪
ٻû˵꣬, µü΢, һԼĻºĵģ, ӭףһдӼ, 岻ЩֻҪ֤ǴԼ߽þǡ
վֱӰñǡ
͵ٱⷬˣĿİͰ͵, ˼ª
Ƴһۣʵ˵˲ء
쳶˳, 밴Ĺ, Ҳ, Ǿ͸ˣֱӰǼҴʰ͵ҸУ壬֮һҹ˱Ϸޣ÷ô๦򡣡
ŮһۣĵڹϹˡ
ٱⷬǳɫ޲ŭҰٷȥκλѾǰ϶˼ĶûôƵĻ档
նµĻʽѩǰȥԺӭףɾмеĲ裬ֱҰá
Ϊ˷ֹ¶ˣҺ߶޲ⳡ£æشͿʼĵ׼ӭס
׼ӭ׵ǰʱڼ˲֪ѩڡ
Դ׼ʱЩȣƽСѵ˵㻰ʱá
ƽŲæػ򶨵лĳ㹻ķӿռ䡣
Լ˵ģǶʱѲµҩ
ҩԪ
ȷʵǸĵĵ
ѩĬ˳ӵؽҶİţõĳ˯ǵƣ⣬ôĵһ
أ
Դ¶ı飬ƽӵ˵⣬ȴȻԴֻƬ
ͶˣֻҪܺúõģ㲻ۿ˲ݣȻа취Ը
Ͼ㲻ô𡣡
ѩ۾üԵƽ뵡

ѩĻеķԼ
ѩһ򴩵صʱŷĵۣƽҲɫ°סװ׵ɫȻһɫϲĵɫİף˿ϲɫ
Ϥⴵϲ֣Уѩӭ׶ǰѵЩɥȥӭ׵ģȥɥġ
ӭ׵ϲһֱںƬ̲ͣشţҵԺҪԽǣмаնѶϢӭ׵ĳ·Լǰʱ׷̽ͷһ˽
ǰûôλӣû뵽㿡
ģǿΣô̫ԸɻƵģ顣
ܹȫһˣѩҲøȺίߣαװֻвϸǰǰ˵Ƿеķֽ
ʲôʣҾͺá
ѩͷЩң벻ǰʲôҲ֪Ҫô
ԼĪ־ҪԺʱɫȻһƬѹ£ƺϾҪ±ꡣ
ͻȻ仯ûκΪٿصĺۼֻѰˣûȥ
ֻѩͷһ
нǰԼķֽϴ˸ᣬתͷǰһӵŵӭ׵Ķһ궯
⡢ô
ôԼˡ
ѩ㶵ؿǰѩͷӽΧм䣬ҪӭȢﱻ֣أһֻ޴ǵıϣ̫ߣӸ䵭ƳѩһۣͫŵĲͷ
ڵֲӣĶһͷӭ׵Ķ˸·꣬˸š
ĵ˷ⳡȥЩĵطҪ׵ƺܡ
£ԳƵˡ
΢ŵӦǻ񾳳ڵΪߴͣҲһСɽƵģǰƾһֶҡΡ
쵭˵˾䣺˵˲÷ӭ׵ľԼˣϽðɡ
ѩ룬ҲԼҵӱһԵʹߵģӭ׶Ӻس
ͷΪѵӣ⡭Ҳ̫ˡ
ѩֻǰעһҧܵ˶ĩβȥ֪ͨس
ԼĲִ٣ǵһμԼġδޡû̫ķӦֻǳ΢΢ףǴ˸к
ĿһۣͬͷʾĿƳһߣ￪ʼꡣ
˭ãƫƫʦĵӡ
Ĳɣѩڵʱţ֪ʦܵĴڡ
Ƴѩһۣ·ѾԤϵ˻֮Ҫʦһͨ
ҡҲ̫˰ɡ
ʦܻ֪ݣʦʦҲӦ˲˵Ȼ棬ʦˡ
ѩȫȻ֪һӵ˼ȫĹעԼϵķûз̡
ӭ׵Ķ鿪ʼسŵǣʾٱС㣬䵽ѩСʱʹǰȥѩɤӣŬŸ߰ı飬˵Щʲôһը졣
˶עɫڶʱںͺҹ졣
ͬʱѩϵķʼ̣ԺС
𷴿
̵ܼ֣䣬Ļ֮УѩĽͬʱϮѩһ˻
ǽõѰͨĽʽ˸޵һ·Ľ
ѩ춼оı۰Լס
뵽ǰõļƻˮҲûзԼںڰһߡ
ӭ׵ĶȻû뵽˵ô󣬸ڲҵףһʱһš
ƵƣƵƣ
ӽ󣡲ȫɢ
ʦأƵãʲôⲻΪ
ʱʶԾæҵķܣ㴫Ϣ
ڶĩβܵ죬ŵȥȱȴԼҲҵӰӣƹתǣͷһƵƵȻԭء
ڵǲխһӭ׵ĶƸ񽫽ֵռһȺ˾Ҫת½ѣƫƫнһշͷڳȫʧЧϵ·Ҳвͨ
һʱ䣬խ·Ϸ뽣⹲裬Х뱪
зĹâȫѹƣ
ڿĳأʶԷֱԼĵˣ߶˺ԶԶԷϢֲϤԴӾ
Ҷ෨ޣĻҹ˵ŭͻΧƽ˴ҵģš
ԮϸϵӵܣбǾ󣡡
ͷڻ
ҲƬ̵Ĺ򣬹ϴʦɫˣչ¶ʵɫ
ˮǰӭ׶ӣŭ
дһֱѹȸУڳ˶ʱѣһƬָ̺ѡ
תͷʱ˶ˡ
ⳡֻ˶̶һʱ䡣
ɾô̵ʱ䣬ǺѩԭأȴͬʱʧȥӰ
˿̺߱ߵĺŽٶȴ죬ٶȹǡ
ҧгݣĳϺǡ
ƽ飬ҶǣƻҺĽףǱǣ˴Ӻ˵£ҵȾ·ӼϵʿӼᣬڲ˷
һĵ⻹ˣæӭ׵·ûϣֱӱս
һȺѵŪˣ֪Ǻãʱǰʱʱ̸̿˵ԵŮҲȥܲõ֮֡
ǣҲһϵ˺ս
ֱȺɢȥһֱеһȺ˹̧ͷ
ǵòѰûκβҪϸΨȺ˵ķɫܰףΪӺߵһķɫЩϸ֮£ǵ۾΢΢ɫܵӣ
һȺԼĪʮ˿̽ͷſһ˵ĽֵЩɵۡ
أ
ôȶˣ
˭һˣ
Щص㡣
صڡ
˭һ飬Ƕ㵽ͷ˰
Ⱥǰպ幥ʱ͵Ǳǵǰı˺üգ͵ڻһӵ˽ߡ
˳İţɳʮһеĺ֣һûѾڴ˴˻þһ̤þ֮С
ս꣬Ƕжٸεսָƣƶҵĸ߰벻˸ڲ飬վһսõóֵǿսҪôפرңҪôѲӺӭ׶һǰ
õĻᡣ
Ҳ֪þס˶ãֻҪһʱ䣬ǱԽ˽ߣֻҪ˳뺣˳öࡣ
˭뵽һ׼ȫ˼¡
֪˭ڻþ֮һ谭ߵ󷨣ǵĻþӭ׵Ķûһ֣߳谭ߵͬҲӰǣǸУѲ
Ҳ֪ڰЩҵĽ˭Լһ
ʱûˣþûˡҲûˡ
һĳ´ʣذ˵Ĺ۵Ǻͷϡ
ȫɵˡ
ˡ
ںӦѾˡ

÷ϰ꣬Ϊ㲻϶⣬ȴ൱ʵ˽ĲǴһŮһ·ӱȺɱҲûԵ̫ƣ
һţ÷ţͷûлһ£һ·񱼡
оϵķڷ̣ŷ˵˵ˣϾ͵˵ĵط
ϴƽƽȵúܺãǡ
ƽкϷվڲһСɽߴɽߣһͱɽںȥһɽб̳ȥĽͻأعڿָ档
ƽ̧ۣƽؿſѾѹĺɫС
лѾ㹻Ѿѹ΢Сʱ̣ܸоżѾٿıԵ
÷ѸĽŲƽճЩǴűˡ
һмƻ˳ֻҪѩ취ûͿˡ
÷׺˸պÿͣǰ
ƽţͷһۣԭء
÷׽һĿĺȹ죬׺һ˫ƻĳͫͷؿ
ˡ
ƽһ飬÷׷ʣä𣿡
÷£ͷͺǰԵĻȣ˳Ĭ
ͬҲڱߣпʵУΨס˵Ҫɣ㱼Ŵȥźɫֱ£˸ߵǸ
군
ˡ
վͱϴ磬оһ
÷ײʵôȫ
죺
ΪǶԷʦʦõͬ
˭
ƽüģ侲£ڵصǣѩ
÷ײЩ顣
ĵһ¾Ͱˡ
ͻȻ˵ѩĻһ֪

һͷѩƽԣ˿ûзرˡ
˼ƻǳܣֺ˾̤һ󷨣һת͵ûڱߵ󷨣ǰ
ǰһҹзˣԼЩԣڣԷת˺ɫ֣Ц˵ʦܣζôô㣿
ѩԣʦ㣿
룬û뵽ܵͬ˿죬ǰȻ׼ܳ֡
ƽºͳһۣĵ⡣
ȻʦҲʦܡ
ҪĲʦܰ


93 ն
ʦɫҵ, ѩʶЩʲôûüӦٶȷ, Ӷϴ
ѩ
ѩĴ˿ԼԼĪһҰ£ǰ
ƽ½͵ڲһѾĹ, ֱӴ͹, һ΢Щ룬ʱӦҲ
ѩʵ˵ڵأ̧ͷʦ㣺ʦ, ʦ㣬롭ˣ, ԰ɣ
ƽ£ԭġ
δޡֵе˵ڡ
еʦļ², һʦк, ҪδߵģҲ̫ˡ
ûƽЩ, ʮֳʵصͷԭδõߣˡ
ʵѩ֪˵ʲôãε˾䣺λʦҲҪ飿ⶫá
ҡҡͷҪ, ģҪռ, ֻβ, κ˱ỹ㡣
ѩȻͷԭˡ
ˣһ, λʦҵδǲĳֹϵ
ƽԥ£ֿǰصض²Ҫѩ˵ôͺãͷѾһڷϣûйϵ
ƽ£
ѩ
Ǿйϵˡ
ҵڸǲ̫ۼƽ侲ٵҺܿͻֵֶᷢĲǺ壬ǵÿ뿪
ȼҸķ㵽ע·ϵ׷
ƽ£ǣһ
ǡʡ
ѩŷʦ㣬εӦá˰ɣ
εؽ͵ǰ˵յͬŵίУһΪһġ
꣬ǳΪʵԾǿȥɡ
ƽºͳ㽻һ
ⳡ棬Ϊʲôôأ
ǽٶʦΪͬʱʦܣҪʦܵǰ˭
ʦǰѵ˰æˣ
ƽ˵꣬Щͷ۵ؿһۣĵˣȻ˵ӣô˶ˡ
õģҲõˡ
ⳡҪһϷˡ

һιǳ״ҵļƻ
ԴɫЩܾƺ©ʲô飬ȥʧٵխһȦʶﲻԡ
ԴˮǺǡ
ϲ⣺Ҫƻģֻк尡
ԴָǽǵһڵǽڼȫΪһĺڻңʯۣõĶ
粻츳ǿĻþĸ˻Ҫģ
һ˲̶ŵղҴʦǰΧûκβĺۼֻ˾֮ˣӦ˵Ļþµġ
ǰԴȻԣȥ
˵ΪصҲƬ̵ĹԴɫæشĵĳȣߵһͨ˵Ժ䣬Ŷ룬е䡣
ʮ˵ǧһһκһֱӾˣǧĽֻⷨһ֪
ԴһһǧпտҲ飬Ѿʧȥټ
ȥͣǰս¡Դҧгݵˣˡ
һȺȥȫѲ̫ܲԶ
ǰ˼ָ⣬Թϵȥսʰо֣ȥץ
԰գӰѾʧԭء
˿̣߱ߵս²ûвеôϾ
˺ͺ˶̣ЩʿԵеĴ˵ǰ˵ҲٴˣССսȴճżϰɧš
ɧŲս˲أǺΪ˶ˣصֻͻȻЩԺôҲʮָߵĶǱغ
Щںûã඼ճģȻҲΪЩðȥֻ
ԼҴӺ˵¶ʱֱðɣűǺ幥ǣҲڵسǱҪͣʱЩһȺ嶼ڰ߻زȥˡ
侲ŷԡ
岢ûڣϰĺҪٺܶ࣬Ͳ˾׼Ĺսһʱɧţò˵Ļ˵ǹϰǵġ
սͷһһӣ裬ѩ֣ز֮󣬵ס֣ˣ
ӵһ㶣ʶذϣŹȻָղŻǴ𾢵ĺһ¾˺һģ
սͺں߱϶ãĹƴûĶ֣ʱȷȷʵ붯֣ͼ
ƫƫҲҾʹ뿪ֻεںߣźȥ

һߣѩʦٶƽָķϹȥ
ȫָ·һЩ·ʱԵöԲǺİģȫһʮˡ
Щֱ֣˳
ѩ򴽣ȥȥܣҵһ뿪լ
ǰʮ꣬һֱǸխСƫԺ֮Уûпʲôӡ
ڲʮ꣬ҲＸλİ
ⷬʦ㶼ĬˣҲ֪ΰοͷһ·
ǲܶ౱ĳһṹƽ̯кܶ˸󲻵СӣеĽǴ˿ϰ
ѩûд߳ţҲ֪һϣ뿪˼·ȥһƫƧİǽ
ǹùϴ͵͵ʱָķû뵽óڶΡ
һѩЩţЩǿҵˡ
䣬ǰһЦҶ˽ң֪Ϊڴ˴Ⱥˡ
ѩ׹ߡ
ŵ̧ͷԴƵͥŲһ㣬˫ǺЦ۴˿̶Ұڶе
ƽʶصʦǰȴͬʱסһ
ƽһս𵤾Сʲô֣ȥ
ĵѩѧһûϺá
״ŻţеӶҪѧϰĵһΣαԼ
ܵÿϰǣǰڵʱ򣬲Ҫ¶㵽ȥ
ܵԷϴĿϢƽ΢СһȻʡ
ʦѷһЩķҪǿһЩ
ԼĪС˾ҵΪ
ǿ϶򲻹ġ
ƽ¿ʼ˼Ҫô졣
ԴҲҲżϴſЦ⣺λСð˴ķҲҪҶָʹ
ԪӤС͸ڵĲǸִ¡
ƽ΢
Դˣʦ˵˼սթˮ©
ǶαװƽտȥһҲŶңסһ۸Ʋݡ
磬Դֱӽǻɱͷһ䡰֪ͿȫжΡ
ڲ׵ܣɵһڲݣһݣܱ޳Ī
ǳԼܵӣ˰ѱ
Դյ˵ָʹֻĿն
ƽɫһ̽ҵֻѩʶĺѣԸףصǰȣָʹֻѡ
ԴЦһָһ㣬ƽ³ֶֽʱ˪סá
ַʽǣǰûκηء
ȷʵҲˡ
ԴҡҡͷЦСѣϲ֪Ȥˣ̫ޱִߣǰǻõġ
̶̼֮䣬ƽ˼ǧ򻯣̧ͷ׼ʱѩͻȻ
ȷʵָʹ
ƽüͷ壬ͬؿѩ
ѩһվƽǰ䵭㲻Ҫҵĸס
֣ҧüء
ȻЩʼǸ͸ˣҲδۿһΣȴżĿ־塣
̫ºװŵľһģ̫˽Ϊ׵ľʲô̶ȣԲԽյ鱧κλ롣
ԴˣӲκεĸ
ĿȷֻҪõˣҪģ̻ᱻġ
˼侲ʧˣҲѸٵʧܵĲʣת˼δʧܵľ棬ʧܵıȡ档
ѩɱ޹֪ҲֻϽѩΪ뿪
ڷ޷ʹתѩת͸壬廻ҪĶ
ֱ¡
һŲ֪Ѿõ飬ԴȻܲǰץסܵİѱ
ƽ²ζ˵֡
ѩоƽ߬Ķֽ˼֣ûᣬǿԴ侲ʲ𰸵ģҿԸ㣬㲻˺ǡ
Դ̯֣ѩ¶Цݣǰûз֣ҶȷʵмҵӰӣ֪Ҳ̫
ҴӦ㡣ԴЦ֪ģͬ˽ףǷǳгġ
˵֣Ǿǲᶯ֡
ƽ¿ѩ˵
ѩס֣Դǻ᳤ҵġ
ƽ£ûӦ᳤˭ѩֵ
ף˵նɻ𡣡
Դüͷһ壬ûеõҪĴ𰸣һƵĳνüĿͳѩΪĲǺܺá
ϣ˶ɣΪ˲ϧһдۡ
ô˰նֹߡ
ѩȴǵЦһѵô˼ɫײţҲûа취
Ҫ˵ҵĻ᳤Ҳû
Դ΢΢üѩЦ

δ䣬ѩ˶ϴҸĵŷ
Ӧһȼƽĵŷŷβȼδϵķ
𼸺˲ȼûиκηӦʱ䣬ǵصѹԴϮȥ
ԴֻĿռ·Ťѳһһ飬ĿռϤС˾Ļ϶ûеһأֱӱµĿռ籩ѹ˷ĩоظƺˣ͵³һѪ
ϮͻȻյȴҲѸ٣ûнĵڶԴ΢Щ̧ͷѾʧӰ١
һƲϵĶϳôĿɫޱȣȥ׷һը졣
ţٿȻͺͰʱһޡ
ԴЩͣͬʹξͺû˼ˡ
ôţ̧ͷȥͫ͵һ
ǸĴϹżĺɫУȭͷСͻȻͳһƬ޴ơ
Ƭɫз·ѹǵĺƣƵѹÿͷգȫӳա
ţһ΢ĺɫ֮иĿ
һɫǰȥ
Դŵض
ôܡ
ļ㣬żҪºŻῪ
ôǰôࡣ


94 ż֮
, еı仯ƽӰڣѹ, ȴûٽһţԵ֮õɫŸҫۣ̲ס²⣬źʲôĵط
ѩһԴʦɿȥ, ŵ֮ûл
ƽһ, Դǰɹ룬Դ˸ͷ
ǰ飬ȴˡ
ǽ˱˵, ȴеصһԴǰռϷ硣
ֱ¶ʣʦܣնɻʲô
ѩŻعε⡭ʵҲ֪
, ʶؽǰĻһ, ˡնɡֵĺ塣
ƽҲֻں, ٩ʦܵӹںĻָʹ, Ȼôһ졣
նɣм˸˵֡
ףһƽǰᵶ׷꣬ǳϤӰ, ȴѩ, , һС۳䵶
԰, ͨǰԶͬʱĶ
ǵͬǣͬ顣ѩݾ֪ҲˣǲϤæȰ衣
䣬±˸͡
ͷһ·񱼶Ϣûȣ״Ⱦɨ۱Ǹס˴Ĺˣƽ²ʵȥˣڽӦأһֱûȵǡ
ԭԼãƽºͳȥˣӦӦڳõȲӦм⣬Լײ˹
ƽӣ·ϳ˵⡣
ʵڲ˼˵ˡ
λ
˵ͬʱоԼһƣƵǱߣԵģߵŮָһ·Ȼؾĳѩߡ
¶۾𣬽ʡ
ƽǰӵؿƬ̣˸ֵлǰȣʦ˵ǰǰȣȴ֪λͬţ
ղ·ϣѩᵽǰġǰܵίУܵΪϤѩһʼ
ƽ¸֪һ˵Ĵڡ
֪ѩʵ˱޼ʣļƽ޲죬û˵ίһ¡
Դǰ־䶼ҪץܵİѱͻȻðһİˣò
ƽְԭȺɰ˳ҲµûӦþ̫״ӣ̫ƣȡ£ķ𣬻죬ճ㣬ԭǷ̫;
̫˽˶Щ裬Ц£ָڽһóһѾ𿪵ţݸƽ£Сѵ⣬
ƽ³ɵؽӹ֮󣬾ȵСʦίǰ˵ģ
ƽּ
ˣֽõֻŲеܻռǰƵֽŷҲ̫еģһֻƵķ֤ݡ
ʮּ̣ȼ䡣
ѣͻޣ޷ǰʩԮ֣ƽ֡
ǰá
ƽ
ƽָĦֽţȷּֽʵʵܺŷģΨһֵıʱǰī۵ɫȴǰд΢΢ˮ
ݽʪֽܳƽ±ûж룬ֽ˶Է
ƽջʱԼԼдţǽİţ㿴ѩһ͵ؿ죬ȫƲסԼ̫塭ʦ֣
죺
˴ų׵ϲ
쿴ѩ޹ıԼôѩǸĵĵѩĻ˽ףǿкͶԷ˻ġ
ҪǱ˾ˣӲƽЩڡ
ƫƫʦܡ
Ǹ߶ϷԼ˰̫嵱ҵʦ״ӡ
˵ѩĹùúʦ廹Щ飬֪ҵĵ鷳ʦҲˣͬʦʦǧǰˡ
Ůѩһ䡰ʦ֡ú޲תͷߣһĻԼⱲεĳϣٻ
ú޵ĿƳʦʦã˵ǾλǱߣ˰죬ɴƹˤ˵ͷţҡ
ǸıСʦǧ飬ôʲô¶˵Ҳ˵ˡ
ʱ˿̣Ȼǣ̫һ£缸˲֪
˲֪ģǹڷ˴ͬܡ
Ŭֲεı̫ЦһʱΪǰһۿαװ
ˣЩϸ˵˴Σգʱпҹ뿪ɡ
ƽ˵ţĿ⿴ڿڳ֮УĿǵš
ϹżͻȻϢһܿ촫ȥһգգȫ̽Ѱżʿۼڴˣǵþȥźá
κϹʱżһʾ޴ĲƸ
šֻܴĲƪ˽⵱һУ˽⵽ǸʱǿͲҡ
˽ȻֻǸԻʱıɽһǡ
ҲδܶԵϹżܹʿؾݵȺԭ
Щӣкܶóռ䷨ķ޺ʦݹԼܵżߵ״̬ۿɼĺɫоǻż֮Ŀռϡʱ㣬ԼºżߣռϿǾͿԽС
ֻǲ֪ΪΣżʱǰˡ
һֲ
ƽڲƴ󣬽ɹֻţò˸ڲǶӣڼĬܹɹҲֻƬ̳ɹҵ̾ݣӲݣճɹá
ƽ˼ǰô˵а취ˣ
ƽЦһǵɫѷ죺ݣӦҲһԭΪżɣ
λ»ܵĵۣݸɽڳҲĿŵض״Ӷ֡
˵̫ʦӵɹ΢
Ҽɵģ΢
λ죬ڿĵһ۾֪ΪʲôҪ飬ζȱĶֻʱͣ޷αż֮УҪĶ
ɫһ䣬ĿؿǰصŮޡ
ƽû⣬ת˵ݲй¶ûǱݣĻܿͻϵǷͷж
ѩңͷȥż֮ٻϣλΣ
ⷬÿ˶ŵװףǱϾƵƾԼҵΧ׷½ӳȷʵ̫ѣֱܵżҷֱӶ֡
ȻûֻǸƬ̣֪ΪΣܾ˸һϤС
ͷոճ֣һգ۵ĹߵŮޣͬߵнޣѩͬʱʧԭء

ǰ㣬һ֮ڣݾ뺣ս¶ƽϢΪףһ֧һٶ˵Ķ飬ѡȫǸҵΪڽ𵤾ϵĵӣƲ羫еľ
ĶҲѸټϣͲսԼһЩΪԭǰǵĸʿһΪϹżеļˡ
ԶļҲŷϹżǰȫ֯ڲľӣ׷Ų
ԼĴͷӵз壬С͵ž͵óۣһʱ䣬ĸݵķ۵ΪŲݸһ·϶ڻںޣΪβǰһЩʱ䣬Щв˽ˮ¥̨ȵ£Ȼˡ
ʱ䣬ȫĸŲݸϿǵɫѷ죬뵽Ϲż֮С
Ҳʽǰݡ
Σֱһӣϼĵӣʧõıɿǰݡ
ͷĪ֪ػķ񾳺ڵΪ
磬ԪӤܱһˣвСڵ϶ԪӤΪ̫˱˻ǵ޷Խ
һԽ뻯񾳣ǲ˰µż˷
ϸĵɹˣµİ˸ʯ⣬ʮˣ¶ЩҲİ˵ӡ
뻯֮пһһ̨ףĪ֪㻯񾳺ڵˣڴľԳƵһսӣӲġ
ӵıٶ൱죬ݺûȴҲ½ǵʱҲֻ˰ʱ䡣
˱ż֮ǰ̫ʷ˷ܵ˶ڶͳһͷɤӣǿ𣡰Ѿˣ̧ͷܿϹżڣ
ڶҪ϶ڴĶҪĶˣ
һԵܵӣ
ĬĬ˼ͼ̫ʷľ롣
Ī֪ޱõ̫ʷһգעٸܶˡ
л͵͵ƳĪ֪һۣĵѾû˰ɡ
ҰһԻЦ
˵䣬ִڳ֮ǵҫ۵Ľɫѷ죬űһǿҵתռȫ˺ѣĿֻһһжŤģ˼Ż¡
ֿµѣθг˺ܾã̫ʷԼҪ˺ʱ˵ء
ʱûվȣһЩڵأĪ֪ס죬ûж˵ֱſڵϡ
̫ʷһɫضĪ֪Īʦҡе¡
Ϊһ󾳽лҰҲЩܲˣɫ࣬Ŭѹµĸо
Ī֪Ƴһۣš
䣬ĹâһһȺ˽
Ȼ˴˷Ż
̫ʷ
öˣŰɡ
Ī֪ɨһ֮أɵЩ𺳡
һտĿյأȥɸ˶⡣
Ǽڵĵطżռ䴫ڴվŸɫɵӷˡ
ǰһЩ㿪һ޴ǰͷȥŵĶˣȫƲڸǡ
Žţûκ˽ȥס
Ī֪ǰȥǰһȺΧվһ뻡˶ǰĶüչ
Ī֪Ⱥв׽ϤӰ˾䣺𡣡
Ӧͷȵʦ𣿡
ƽȻĪʦ壬ԭġ
֮Ī֪ſǾʲôסˡ
һ͵󷨣վĵطʼһֱ쵽ŵĽ£ƷֲУϸܺ͸ӳ̶Ƚֻһ۶ͷĿѣ
ǧ̵ĸϿŵĶӶȥм佻֯ı䷽ȫ֯һ
ڶʦڳȻһܿƵ˶ûУ˵⿪ˡ
ãڳһʦпʣƽӵ󷨣²֪ʲô󣬸Ʋô
ƽ½͵żһǾͽˣǽļ֮һҺͺѷһǺ棬ͬʱģȥˣһֱ棬ڡ
һˣ㲻󷨵ãҲö
ܱż֮󷨣Ҳ֪Ϊõġ
Ⱥ֮Уƽվں˱ȽϿĵط
˶źһ״ס˴
°ͣһصؿ󷨣õݽŲѣеʣΣ𣿡
ƽ̾һоЩʲôö
Σաƽɫҡ鷳


95 ޽֮
ʱ, ݸǰ̽ż֮˶Ѿ½룬ǵһȴǱΧ֪Ҫڡ
ֱ½½, ټĿյɢɢԼĪǧ˺ǱԷػӪݼŸϤЩԼͬؿվһ
ͬ, Nи̾, ʱҲĿ£һ
бֻ޴ԣͷشһԡ
ΪҪ, ΢Щǽʱ򣬺Ҳͬһٶڴ˴
뺣ľԹһǽ, ʮ, ԪӤѩҲв, ǿıԵľ޴ǣ񾳺, ߴ󹩷֮һһ죬衣
Ǳߵƺƴ󣬵µĺⶼ޷, ٶЩʣжЩյơͷ˿ŵǺûв, ȻһԱ
ͬһʹ, Χֲ, һܹ鲻Լ£ҲûвͣһԿ֡
ȴû뵽һ¡
ԭµռǿտûκεϰһֻѩһ˺ҧһ֪ʲôԭտĵѸٸֳơ
ƼƤӵ³֣Ѹײڶ֮ƽ֯ϵ¹һ󷨿ռ䡣
еѩ˸ӦڴƵ˲ͻ˷ɻңҽûзһ
ɾûκѪ˶ס˸ղǲҵһĻûٸ̤Уֱڡ
ʱڳֻк塢壬ԼҴĲս󣬻ƽˡ
һȺΪ˰ȫֻȥȰܣλΣǰǶԴ˾״һŲ֪óȻֿиΣգλҷ¾Թһ½ǰìܣɺã
˵⻰ʱԼûơ
Ҳ벻ԼȻһͺ֮Ȱܡ
⻰һ˵꣬ͷԴ̧ۣĿԽȺƽԼԵѩϣ۵ķ籩
һĻӦѩеǸնɻ˭Դɵˡ
սתȥٿǡ
ˣˣһʼͱˣˡ
ǸŮ˴һʼҾΪѩʲôºĽ
ԴҲ֪뵽ʲôŭ⾹ѹȥûз
ƽһüѩ㸸׵Ǻ̡
ѩһǸΪȵˣƲóȻ¶ˣô֡
ͷĲս󱾾Ѿ㹻Ӵ󣬸ҪˣվԱߣѾ㹻ˡ˵һԴС˾Ĵڴ˴򳡣˲ö
ʱԽ󣬽ż˾Խ࣬ż֮û£ǲ֪ߴӺδҲ޷жʱţֻԼĪжѾ졣
ڴĽ⻺£
ڱպϵǰϦһͷǼǿӰ֣Ǹżرյͷ˽
꣬żڳ׹رա
ƽĿѲӣǳǳɨһ飬ȺʱĿ΢΢һ
Ⱥ˵òİģиܵһϤϢ
һǧǰֹĵˣʱԷ񽵿ܵʽǰġ
ƽ΢룬Էͼеĳ˶˺ţջĿ⡣
ԭˡ
Ŀһһɨϸȥ
ܡ󡢱ԪӰĴۡ
šȡҲС
ݣԺѧʱվһԣǻʳλʵ۱ս޲ʤĽ࣬ҲʤڸΪ
춼˸֡
ͺϤȺ֮лһͷߵСУվһŮӣƽĿͣһ˲
Ƕδħˡ
ⳡż֮ãַǷ
Դ΢ȶЩЩλĿǰв֪żڲкΣգмҪⷽ󷨼ΪΣգѾУײҪ
仰򵥵û˾ƿȨֵȫĸɶۼڲݣĳл֣̿żڲϿճ֣ĳԴҲЩоΪ˼Ÿżеĳţӹָ֮𣬲֪λм̣
˰һ˲ܵԥƬ̺ͬԴ顣
лЩ⣬Ī֪Īʦ壬Ұţ֮ǻܱ
Īֲ֪
ݾ̫ԶҪôӴһ֧飬ڶ̶̼֮ڽ֧鰲ȫ͵ݣмۡ
ֹܣݶ⼸Ҳͬˣ˲ࡣ
Ǹ֮ĬϵĹءĪ֪ЩСĽ͵żؾĳһĳһɵľڳ֣ŻĬŶ̽ȨҲ̫ǿǰ
ϿΣһһŵŴԣЩ
ܵǼҴҵֱһ֮һ񾳺ڵǿߴǰҲ˵û̫ǿ
ô룬˵Ҳܹ⡣
ϾǿߣĪ̫΢ǿ°˴ɹ֮ҲһĶǿߣȻе˵⻰
Ī֪ţֱʦ㣬Ƕǰƻƽ⣬ᱻһơͬݳżݵҲпơ
ߴΪżؾںδŵĽͣ顣ΪˣԸһôҲ̫֡
ݱ΢ɽһһӣΪӵºΪĬϵĲ֮ӵĶ츣أܹѸٵ֧һһ˥ɰܡ
ЩȻδйĹ涨ȴǸݸ֮ĬϵĹأҲǸʱ󣬴ܰԭ
õϿɣԴٶȿڣˣĳֱһЩͷڳеʦǰһ
ʵ˵ѾʦѾվ󷨵Χо
ڳ֮У󷨣ΪʦԺŹϢҲ󷨣ʶԺ֮вѧҲϰ󷨡
ȹҡȺǰûкԺǱߵվһƽ߹ȥЦһ԰ҩͯ˵ġ
ƽǸȴڻһ»ᱻҼǺء
۾Цеҵ˶ȥˣһҡ
۳Ժͷ˻֣кԺѧʧ͸ӵı飬ƽţȷʵ뿪Ժˡ
һܹϢǰܱϢ󷨵ˣȻֿɵõĵɹӵݣֻһ뿪Ժ
ƽü΢Ҳ֪һԪӤڵʿ˵֪۾ΪʲôҪͬС
ǰǣڻ˸壬ǡ
ƽֻ΢΢һЦһλá
ӭ
ʮֲؼĹһ󷨵Ĺ죬ü£ã̾һ鷳
˵꣬תͷƽô
ƽͬҡͷ鷳
һ鷳鷳ȥǵһͷŵˣǿʲôֱ˵ǣʲôӡ
ԴǰЩұϷˣӰͷɫѿһ˲·һǰλѣǿ˶ߣʲô󷨣
ʮֳʵ֪
һΧһƬʧ֮
ŵĵӲ޵Ȼ֪ղǷʲô˼
û˵ƽشɬСӣһǧ򻯣һƵ˳пƳȫͬ¼ڲǧ֣δͼ¼Ϲ֣˵ʦԼ޸ĵͼʤ󷨵ִҪģҪܷƵķֲж󷨵ô
ղŵ˼֪֣Ʋ󷨵á
ƽ˵꣬һ˲һۣǺж˽ôġ
ƽЦ
˽ۣ˽һʦ
ԴˣΪҵȽ󡣡
̧֣ڵ󷨵ļһָ֪λѷ֮رһ㡪û̡
˵꣬ΧΧʦ׷׽пͷˣụ̂Ҳûѹʯֻ߰ƣҲǱһסˣ֪ν⡣
ǵ֮У̣ƣѹʯһ󷨱زٵĶ
ƿʵΪߣѹʯʯҲıҪǰõģСֱ̿УԴһЩǹ̶ڵǽ棬ҪƷΧ˹㷺̣Ҫ̷ѳɲͬļ飬ֱ󷨵ļ㴦
ͨж󷨻ôĹؼڣ繥ءȣͬ͵ʽɫͬеƷֲƶϳһİ󷨵ô
Ȿÿʦı޿Ρ
ʦҲڼǷûص
۵ĵƬ۾׹⣬侲ϰ󷨶ֻ֪꣬һϲַʽ󡣡
˭
˭
æ׷ʡ
̾˿εʦϹ˫֮һ͹ˣع⳾
͹ǰͼ࣬ҽĹΣпͼһû̺ѹʯȫƾƹһ󷨡
֪֮̾˲˹Ĺ˼Ҫ̵ܹĻһӴ󷨡
ң˹ϢҲֻŵ
֪ǹϢҲƲ
ԣɫ䣬̶ϲѡ
˵ѲżǺ͹ǰĶ
ͬΪϹ˫赣ǰǰĶֱ֣ӿ˸ʱԪȥ͹ǰйصżȴٱ֣Ǵ˴Ǻ͹ǰĶҵҲǼ֤ʷˡ
޲Ǽϲ档
򶴸Ǻɺ͹Ķܹͬ׸ıȫò
һ󷽵ȺʦҲʼڣڴ˴ûжЩôѵõĻᣬֻܹˡ
Դ۵׻һĨɫ۵׵Ŀϲڣָʵѣͽ⣿
۶󷨿Ƭ̣ǧŰٵƣཻ֯γɵڵ·ͨҲǧҪзֱЧ·һҪһЩʱ䣬Ŀǰһǧ
һǧ·˾Чòͬ󣬾󷨻ӣγǰǿ󷨡
̾һ²ѧǳʱ̫̣Ŀǰֻ˵һ֮󡣡
һ뵽˸ղûκη㻯Ϊɻҵѩˣȷʵ֮ͬࡣ
˵ͷͷǵĽҲ׼ȷ˲ڴλѻ೤ʱ䣬Խ
ۿЦǵ͹ǰʲôˣǿǧһˣ˵ܽġ
ߡüɵУ·ǳͻġ
·ͻֻֿܡ
һǴ©ŷֻ
һֿܣѹû˽󷨡
۾һɡ޽⡣
ƽĿԶ󷨣Щͷۡ
Ļɶࡣ
кѶһÿһУԼóһΪķܡ
ع⳾󷨣Ľҹ׵˪ƵĶȫ
ع⳾ʱֻ˵һ䣺ˡ
󷨣νľѧ
ƽûв֣Ҳûõͼֻֽع⳾˵Լĵӡ˽ȥʱֻҪӡԿκ⡣
ӡǶˡҲԶˣҪⶴҲˡ
սǶȥԸ񽵿ܣҲͽͼֽԺ
Ͳ֪ع⳾˸ʲô
ֵĵط
л˵


96 곤
ع⳾޽
ƽǳȷһ㡣
˵û, ֮Ψһһ̵ʦع⳾
ȻͼȫǴл̵ģع⳾ʱȴ, ҪѰʽѵĶ࣬Ҳѽöࡣ
ع⳾İ
Ȼع⳾ϰֹ켫临ӵ޽󷨷ĶпΪ
ԣһʲôⷨûбֵġ
ع⳾ϰߣ󷨽֮ٶЩ˵Ķ, ƽʵҲڴ, 󷨱дʲô
ƽһǰ󷨡
ǧŰٶƣһڵ㣬һǧЧ·, ¶·ȫ۷
۵Ľ˼·ûȻĺúоع⳾ͼ
˵һ⡣
˵ͻ·ЩۣƽҲһ۾ͷ, ϸȥ, ͻֹᷢؼڡ
һ·, ·㲻·
һǧ·໥·, ·Ļ·ҲҪУζһ
ƽĿⲻѲҪһǧ·ҪеĲ£Ҫʱ䡣
󷨱ʹ, ̶ֻ̿Ƭ̵Ĺƽ;Լ·ⷽק˽ȥ, ûʶΧһʦʼ
ͷΪԪ, һʦƷ׵ķ, һöǻռǣŵģһ޹⣬ʦƷס
Ű˵ǸۺԵɣʮа˾ŶʦЩ꽨һʦƷ׵лΪʦᣬҩʦһһʦΪ̶ȵб׼жʦƷףһǣԪʦʦһ̳
ӵشһۣЩ棺λСѿᣬҲ֪ʦӺ£ƶԼ͸˺͹ͼᡣ
۴ϲǰ̻¶͹ϢĹϵǹõһ˵ǣԺѧӣһɢһ
ԪһȻǾúۿᣬΪ̫ߣʶú˵󻰣ҵ뷨ȴͬȻ츴ӣо󷨻ӣС˵һ󷨵Чòͬһͻ
ΪͬһԵ󷨣ﵽӣΪ۵۷ЧӵãͬҲǺ͹õ֮ʶﵽľֻһЧãǸղλġ𡯡
Ԫڵƽ󷨵ЧãͼٽеƷƽ಻ţԺ͹ͼоҶڴ˴Χöڣǰ󡣡
ԴοĳԶڲݣҲ˵ʦԪ˵Ըĳʤм
ÿһˣ롣
վһԣǲͬ
󷨹̫ӣⷨ˼򵥣СС
ͷƽȴֶԷ󷨳ƺ˽ȥ
һ㶣ʼƽ᲻ᱻס޷ˡ
ǰҲûʦڸӵʱʧе
Щǵǰû߳һͷˡ͡һ
ԪһӽУͬڽ˲ͻɻҡ
ţԪִӽóһֻӣ˲ɿȥֻҵƷһܸߣܴŻ
ӱԪӽкͬҷ
Ԫӿ϶Լ뷨
ĿǰΪֹΨ֮󲻷޲ĹĹ󷨶ã˿ȷʵûá
ͼٽ⡷֮Ľⷨ׼ȷز׽еľŵ·һһڿƽзֲûκεĽ
Ԫ۾һʮָעΪŵֱǵľ·
·ڸҵ֮ţϷ·мۡӦ·ķ
Ԫŵ΢Щҵˡ
˵⻰ʱЩ಻סļ
ΪһʦȫĸŸʿ⿪˺͹󷨣һֵñƵ顣
ۡ󣬽֯һڿʼƶ·һ˫εֽ⿪˽һͷΪؼǸᡣ
ۼɹֻһ֮ңԪϲѣȲҪУס
Ŀ΢Ԫǰʦһδ׽ʱ̤С
дһĹ涨Ϊ˱ʦڽδ׽ʱನ˺ʦˡ
ԪЩΣһʱ˷򣬵һ˵ָЩ˵ȥ
˵䣬Ƶ춯ٶͣһƽȵ״̬ûǰȥǰ㸴ˡ
Ԫ״ǰһָǰһѾ⿪ˡ
Ҷ˵һͺðˡ
ԪӼᶨǰ󲻹ǸṹӸӴýķ
ʱƽմӳ״̬гüͷ΢α仯ƣڷʲôǵԣˣ
ѾһԪ׼Ӧ·󣬽һͷųȥʱɫһףѪ̱ڵء
˵ͬʱƽһקּ̧䣬˲佫ǰӿĿ⡣
ЩӦѾɿ˻ϣΪԵһЩֱɴܳȥ
䣬֮޴ķˡ
˿΢ɽ֮е磬ǳޣκֻҪ׵ر˺顣
µǣ粻˺壬ܹ͸ʶ˵ꡣ
ӵģΪ͵ģ˿ȫɫһף֮ܵ˺Ѱʹࡣ
·ڶŴнĸ裬˶¶ʹ֮ɫЩ겻ǿģͷʼͷء
ֱһ֡
ʶԪһϸ
·ĳɢ֮еʹࡣ
ƽתվȺ֮еСֱ꣬СʦΪд䣬ꡣ
СȻЩΪǴµĹ䶼֪ôá
ǰվмΪ˾ġ
һо˵ı΢Щ
һͷһȺŵӵǵؿѪȻʧȥʶԪæʦʦ
һٲݸǰ̽źضǵʦʶ⵽ػ걻شʱ޷ָ»ָ֮ҲΪˣѴ
һڵɫʱѿ
ûżڲͷʦѾˡ
Ρ
Ϊ׵ĵӲ޵ؿƽȻѾ˶ߣΪβЩҲ
ƽɨһۣȻѹʦʦһԼδأιֵˡ
ߣҲȷʵڿԪƵڶα仯ʱʶν⡣
Լܣٶҵ˸е󷨣ʮ˳е·൱һ̫󷨽ṹ
һһӿۣһͷβνӵ󷨡
޷·ֻܴ֡
ս⵽ʼ˼ںδʱԪȴֱǿнƵĶα仯
ƽزα仯֮ƣƱǰͨ˳ˣʵֻԭȵ·˷ת⿪󷨡
ҲδĽƽع⳾еĹϡ
󷨣濴ȥһǶ׽ṹľʵһѭǶ׽ṹ̫
ƽʱ¶⣬ʾˣǿн󣬱ָղŶθıƣƷת֣˺Ѳ֮͡
սս
ĸʦˣ󷨻ͻ޷ͬʱǶס
ع⳾һ
ƽҲڿתʱع⳾żȻᵽһ롣
Ҽַ֮б仯ḻһΪڵ󷨶ǵһһЧ
ʱع⳾Ϊ̵Ĵڡ
Կ̵ķȻע󷨵ԣ󷨺ѴЧ
ع⳾ĵؽͣҪһ֮аͬЧãǱһ󷨣ͬԵͬЧõ󷨲Ƕס
Ҫͬһ֮зȫͬأ
ʱع⳾Ĭ˺ܾãҲֻ˵˾䣺ƺǸ˼뷨һԿ
ʱƽտʼѧ󷨣֪ԼãȻ֪ʳһǧûʦܹ⡣
ع⳾Ϊʱ𾿾ʲôʱع⳾ֻһЦ˵ǸϲҪ⡣
ǧʱ⽫¸ǳ
ƽǰǰԪ⿪·»ԭȥֽٶȷתµģ
ʱ̫ͬʱ¶
ƽָƣ㡣
Ƶڱ⿪
ɢҲǰɷģɢƽǰ̿һ̹;һֱ¡
ݷ·;м䣬ⰵϹŷĵģֻ˶̶һ˲ܿʧƽǰɢ
һ
ǵضϸСķķǰ˸֡
ΨԸƽ곤


97 
ƽ΢΢һ, ŲԶ٣µسǰȥȴֵʹӿ, Щɬ
ع⳾;Լ߳һ֮ǰ͸ع⳾һѧϰ󷨣ͽ֮䳤Ϸ
ǧٶȽ⿪ع⳾µʱһθо, ԭҲʲôĵ顣
еظܵع⳾ϵӡǡ
Ҳڽ⿪󷨺ܵع⳾ǰȥˡ
˵ʲô顣
⼫޵ĲȻֻеݷ, ˶ӣݲʣֻǶ࿴һۡ
ڵ, ǲ۵ǳɫһׯָȥš
ǰһֱûע⵽ƽ, ʱ, ֻΣʶӦ, ֱ˿̡
ϳǺ͹󷨵ĺûн⿪ŵʦԪʧ, 꼰ڳˡ
۵вóţţԺNڼ, һ꣬ڳ, ȴҲǱŴס
ͻȻðһʿ, ͻȻͽ󷨽⿪ˡ
ղλһ˺ܶ, ʱһ仰û˵ֻǿƾּ򵥵ķתͻȻģܿɢˡ
ɡɹˣ
ǻЩ˼顣
ô򵥣
۲䵽ƽϣؿ
򵥣
ѧ󷨵ˣ֪Ǽ򵥵顣
ĹԽ򵥣ΪԽǿҲ֮˶֮˵˽̶Խߡ
ߵ˼·ԲŻ׵ץסƽĹؼڣûκ·
ǰλɽԼ˵Ǹֻкĵޡ
Դۿƽ󣬶ļɵֶ˼֣ۼҪ̤Ϊ̿ĽɫͻȻƽĲͣƬ̡
ԴĿؿûлλѽ⿪󷨣ʵѣţγƺ
˵ţǵһοƽһ
ƽϵ֮ǰʶ飬Ͼңһ·ĵ޸ƭˣҵĵҵĻ飬ӹˡ
Ҫǣѩ֪ڲ̫H£Դˣ֪ĵϸ׺˺
ƽ֮ǰ˵ǣԼ֮ضɣһСɽɽλɽɡ
ԴζŶ˾ΪɣЩˡ
ƽ򶨻Ӧѧɲš
˰мɵûи̫ܵ⣬ʵϣ̤żԸЩ
ƽڳۼ˴ĸ·ҲãҲգû˲ûһġ
˶í˾ģµСҲ٣ⳡսģʼնǿߡ
ֵԽǿƣԽǿƣиռơ
ڲҪĻԴסˣһʱ֪λػĿɨƽͬߵӡ
´סߣ·Ҳһ۾ϳĸѩ
Դͷӿһа𣬱ǿаȥ
˾˴󵨡
飬ҲۣȻҳǰ
ͷԥһ˲ƽֵ󷨼ĳ⿪Ǵ·ĳУûɣ
ԴŻƽЦ⣺Եˣɽ롣
̤·֮󣬺û谭ƽһ·ߵ£ǶȿȥŸߴֱƶˣˣֻƳɫӰ
ŵɫԶͻ֣ᷢϱ鲼ŸʽϹŷģЩϹŷһɢ£ջ۵ƽǰһݡ
⴦ԼĪƴСͬС飬ʲôʣֻ¿ȥʱԵЩް
۲һҲѾ״üһҪ󷨣Źֵţǻûżô£ҪĽȥˣжΣհ
仰Ǻĳһ𵤾С˵ģԴЩԹڳ˶˸
ĳԺѧ̵Ǻ͹ǰĶϹ˫֮һ֪ζʲôΣգûĸϹżǲΣյģֻߵҪԹǻǱȥˣʡĻͷ档
ⷬѶԷµƿԡ
˷׷ͬȺ֮УΨ̫ʷʧȷǺ͹ǰĶ֮ǰǵص۶ΪǰĶһڴһǰĶǵɽҲҲһ
ƽһ飬ò˵̫ʷҵѧʵ塣
⻹𣿡Ժ˵ǸѧӷϤĿǰûκμܹ͹ǰеӻѣҲκйãľǺ͹ǰ󷨣Ǿܶ˸ߵ󷨡
ݹϹʱ˫֮һǰ˭Ϻ͹ǰΪķѾ˷󷨣ֻΪ˶֮á
ƽŴŵķʱСϲҲ˵˵Ϲ˫ʵѵ𡣡
ϤЦһ˵Ϊ򡯵Ǹ˵ģ
ǰ֮չɽͼǻв²⣬ǰţ˲²ֵλǷ𣿡
ϤҡҡͷҵԺѧӣȷ䴫ԣ˵ǰҵԸǵǰе˴ɽͼˡ
̫ʷС㲻ֱӵ̫
˭֪̫λǰ֮˵ˡ

ʱȷʵҲв˵
ɵˣ΢бۣϾǶΪǰһ򶴸ʱĵʱˣõǰĹ˵ʱˡ
֮죬˼棬ûνɽͼ
΢ȴûУû֮ǰûκɳ̶ȱЩ
ͷ磬۽ĿƽתƵϵķģüȫϹŷġ
ϹŷĴʧֻ༸ƪоѾڳ֮жϹŷóЩģİ֣Щ֡
ԴʵĳϹŷСоĳһͬ
ÿλãԴҲԺһȺѧǰ
ϹŷԺѧӵı޿Σ̵ſεǹϢϴ󹦷ķĴңΪߣһӶоϹŷġ
һȺ˷׷ͷϵķģã¶˾ı顣
ǸòỹûȥҪ޹˰ɡ
ټһ֮ͨţûյأÿһطķģͷʹ˵벻ʲô
һȺųƽͻȻ̧֣֪ϵİݴô˼£ݴеͻȻ
ţݴ𣬱ƽٻȻ
ΧмͻȻһ֧ɫ

ŵǰյϣȻһâ״ͼӦϵ黷м򣬿յͬҲһ֧δȼ
Ǿһ£֪ƽʲô°̧ÿ
֪ΪΣ˾ô˿ƽԾᣬȴ˲ݺӵǿơ
ƽۣվλۡ
۲ԣվȥ
ƽɨһۣǰһƽµСѣվλ۴
ƽվ֮ƽɨһȦʵҽڳ
ٲݸĶУ߳һŮӡ
˵ƽйһ֮ԵΪѩѡҽʱǰзŮһͬڳ
͵ʱͬǣƽ˸ߣεסϰֻ¶°һСطƽδĻʱҵԳƣȻϳ
һǸ˵ĴˣȻҲܺΪθҴιƽҼôİģ֪ʵıʣֻǳЦǰ
ƽ͸ߺ̽һۣͷѣλۡ
󣬻ʣһޡ
ƽĿ⻺лʱѵһ˿ơ
ԥƬ̣һգллСѣͷվλۡ
ڳҲûбޡ
ֻѧҹ׵ס
ȻܡѧĲ̫á


98 ֮
վʱ, лܱԼлҴӵ
ֱƽ˵ָͷλͬʱתԼĹλʦ, ýϵ̣޴ȼֹͣ
˵꣬ƽվǰ۴ֱΡš
̶һ֮յľϲδҲ̫ˡ
ſڵ̫, Ϲŷдϵĵڶ󷨡
󷨵ûκѶ, һǳ׵Ķվλ󷨣ֻҪϰӦվڶӦתȻܹ⿪
ΨһѵĵطҪ׼ˡ
, 붼룬ֻܶӦԼ
Ҳ֪˭⣬϶ع⳾, һ˵һ߷һİǸˡ
ƽ, ôʽ, ģ˪һԹߥ¡
仰, лȱЦݽӲһ˲
ӣ
ڳôޣôλǰͿôˡ
лεǰ֪Ȼ±֧, ȷʵͨɣ಻·, Դǰڴ
졪
˵ͬٴ, ԵΪ, ˡ
û˵ڣϴϸ΢Ĵ֮
֪ƽǾ׸㣬ڳֻܴ࣬Ǿס
лѸٸ˿ڣ졭ܵӶǸӭѶ֮ˣԸ
лӲ¶һֱѼϼܵľ飬ѣĲΪʲôڣ֧ѻѡԼôȫˡ
ƽºһͬ¶˱ǸĵԲˣҪܶˣȻһߵ˵ӡ
Ŀɨƽת󷨵һоӳУƷײߣѶȲΪҲʮɡ
ֻЩ⣬ǰλĪɽʲôˡ
ΪκѣӵƵɫ
۴Сӵһ˫ر۾е˺ͱ˲һЩǲһȦΡ
󲿷ûеģйģҲΪɫٲϵɫһЩΪĴܣ඼Ϊߵǰ
ЩǰܵϹζΪɫǿʢΪΪԽߣǽɫԽá
ҲЩ亱ģ籱硣
°˴ɹۼģ΢׼ԼͺʦͽƹĹϢ϶ҫ۵ĽɫΨۣɫͨ͸ĺ죬һȼŵĻ档
֮⣬ЩˣϲźŨ򵭡
۷֣ЩϵĺԽŨԽ죬һЩģе˺ɢˣе𽥱ŨͬҲ״ҵ
Сʱ۲͸۾ܿ˵ˡ
нĴΪǿӵǿʢˣ財
ķϲ˴ڣʲô
ͨʿϵİ׹⣬ǲߵˡ
ɫ
⣬ҲһЩߣ籱㣬ŨɽɫΪ֮ɫ˵ĹԸ񣬴˼Ϊǿʢ
Щ꣬˱⣬ۻһ֮ˡ
֮䣬Ļ棬̽Եʻᣬǳ֮󣬺۱㽫¸ǳﵽ׻Ǻġ
Ǹ˾ƽ
ƽϵɫǳ֡
ͺ룬ϣжһĨǳǳɫ׺ڽɫͺɫм䣬ʮۡ
Ǻ۵һϿôӵɫʣҲһοɫ
²˺ܾãҲûƽ˾Ĺȥδ
ŨǸ̶ȴܻġ
ҲʱֻǸʿȴӵеɹһŴߵĽɫ
Ҳδ͸һɫʲôȴӴ˰ƽˣܻЩӸƽԣҪϾʲôš
Ȼɽ
ɽϵɫ֣ͬƽȴͬɽǽɫɫཻ֯ƣϵɫƽϵɫŨΪཻ֮֯УɫԼռϷ硣
ʱգûвɫʲô
ѣѵת󷨣Ķɽã˼ܿ챻һĵϡ
ǵģ졣
ʱ˿̣ڳȫл
лһľشŵӣ¶һƹˤ̹Ȼ
ݵĽʱεһޱ
лµʱڳ˶Ŷ䣬Լĺ̫ʷҲĬĬĴ˶һ¡
õģչȫ¶֪лĵɱˡ
лбʹţԴӽԺҹһЩֵȻ޴档
ŵ£֧޴򱻵ȼĹâȻ⻹Ҫҫۣ˶ɲܿⱻâˡ
˲䣬Ӧڿտؼ䷢Ƶ죬ǰһ˼Ļ
˶ϢǰһĻþò񣬱𺳵˵
ӡеϹżҪôǶϱڲԫҪôǹӳ¾ɵĽҪô侪յվ
һϹżûǰ𺳡
ŵĺ󷽣ĿһεıɫȣⳤҶ̳ɣȫǸߴľϵ֯ڵϣĶͤͤǵҶȴͶ֯һγһɫ񷶥
ɫʵһɽɽŴӴ˴ȥһ·ľͷɽ۷塣
һƵɽĿһжܹкͳ·һʵ硣
ãƽ²Ŵӱ𺳵ĸогпѾһˣ˵һ硣
ǲ𺳡
Ҫǿˣܹƾ硣
д㣬һʱ
Ψк󷽴̫ʷгȵȣղ󷨵һ֧ϵƳɣ飬򰡣
̫ʷʶһ㣬ͻȻ˷˵ûпܣǰĶ
û
ǳ½µУûнסջǰ˼̤εɽ
ڸ̤ϵһ˲䣬ϢͻȻ
Īɫ̧ͷһŷ񷶥ɽ֦Ҷ֯͵񷶥֪ʱʼѹ£תۼԽԽ
ƽһˣ
˴˳⣬ѾƵĴŹرգ˼·ֻɽСһطԶܡ
ԴƲԣ̵ҲûãϽɽȥ
һƽĵãѾ
ɽľ·Դ仰ǽµĵ棬ĸϵʼܶҪͻƵرϯ
ͬʱĳŷУۡ۾۾
״Σѭȥȴͬһϡ
ɽĻľһ㣬һ˫۾ĮӵشȺ֮͡
ؼ䴫һЦ
Ŷߣ


99 
˵, ͸һУͷһ󷢺
˿ɽҰͻȻ۾궼ûһ, еʲô
ġЩľȫǻģ
ڳΪ֮ˣһ֮жԵһһս, ǵСˡ
˲ǿ, δ֪֮
ǰһУԶԶǵ֪
һִδйľӿͷ̲סȥ, ĴŷպֱʧһɶȻһƬյأʶ±, һЩɢ, ȫƾӴ, һԼֻصԭأɸӾ¡
һƬ֮, Ī֪ɨ۰ԼԣȻҲЩ㵣Ŭ侲ܵӣ¶ɫ
ԴЩӦľ, ѸٷӦ˹Ҫ, ԭء
̫, Ҫȫ˵ʱ, һȺɢޱӶͣɢ˶飬ֱӴ˿յأ߽ɽ·֮С
Ǳɽ·֮ŷӦʱѾˡ
ղ˵˷Щᳰ޴ġߡ
ɽҰֲʼܶĸϵ׳Ĵһ裬֦÷·һ㣬ϵ̲̣˶ޱȣһ仨ȫſʱܽ˵ͷ­ȫ¡
󴳽ȥ˱ܶĸϵսǵͨ죬ʼ
ɽһ㣬˶֪ʱðζѸסǿա
꣬ǸоǰеһжǳɫģֻĿ⾡ͷĳطеɫʡ
ȻΪǱ·˷ƵĳǰȥûʶԼѾ̤֮УվĵطǸղΨֱ֮ıɫɽ·
һߵĿյϣĪ֪֧ϣһڵǰϽ棬ȺһǱ
ѧ罣ͱл񾳵Ĵܴǰڵӡ
ƽǱߵĻԲͬ
ⲨеͷߣΣʱ򣬾ȻһֱվǸǰڱ
վһԣʮĵָ˼䣺ǾǻӾ谭Ӱʶжãֲ֮кպĲߣ䲻һǰȻŽ͵ԻԱߣֶʳ֮
ǻԻֲ֮õĺߡ
ΪľǻԪӤµʿֱʧȥ˼
ƽƫͷԱˣѵҪǰһϣҪɢǻǿͨƤ͸ȥģϢҲá
ǰͬǸһֱĬĺһ֧ǰϣתͷʵ˽⣬ΪβԼϣ
ƽڳһ޹ı飬ƵŲԹĴּ汣÷׵һҺҪ˱ֵ̬̯Ǹ޸֮ĵް
ۣ

ƽⷬԪӤϵʿ׷֧ϣΪҲıʵʵǰԼС
ڱ
һм䣬ü΢ɽҰ·ֲ˼Ƭ̣ŵѵǡ壿
˵Ĵзʽ֮иرÿһ󣬶ὫԼѪ츳崫ԼҪļ䴫ֵһˡ
м俪ʼԺоʱһЩԼδļ䣬СʱЩ£֪Щǰķ˴ģֻΪΪãһЩ䶼Ƭʽ֣޷
ǧĵı仯ҲֻƬʽļ䣬ֻڿĳЩ˻ʱ򣬲ͨϡ
ļУһǧǰһˣ弫ΪҪá
ЩƬе壬ǰһޡ
Ծ˶Ĭһ˲
壿
һǧǰ֮ʱѾ壿
Ϊλڴˣ
һͺᣬֻǸǰʿſǻ﾿ʲôط
ֻ棬ûô档
ǧ嶼ˡ
һ˲૵ľ飬Ϊ壬ˣľ飬Щ壿
ĿǾ̾ղŵľͶδ֪ĵǶ޵ϲ
Ͼ
ˣȺϽʣһǧǰ
ͬʱҲһ˼
Щдһǧ꣬ԲΪĶ˵һ磬һȫµ硣
Ǵ˵ص˾жǿܹ
Դƽɨʱ¶ɵľ⡣
һʼ֧죬ڲ֪䣬һȨصŮˡ
ԴתУȵɢҵóȻǰλİߣҴͬ飬λǸ
԰գ̶ţǲûж⣬Ҳ͸λǰͻǰܹһ
ʱȥɽϲûκηӦֻвܶĲľϵ󴳽ȥļʮʵøùѾ˿Ҫһ곤żݵĲȥˡ
Щơ
Դһ˿⡣
壬û뵽лջ
תķɿ죬˼ȥܿһΪɡ
λ֪ҵȴУʵǴ˵
˵ţо˵Ķ΢ЩϷ̶ֵλڴ˽ʱ̫ã֪Ѿı仯ҵǰд˵ȡһЩ˳㽫λ
ϹݸıµǺܸߣҲתĻܿ뵽ЩӦǧǰ֮ٷʱڴ˽Ҵһ
֮ٺһҲѾԣӦǲġ
ЩͲ֪淢ʲô
ƽ΢ƳһԴ
ãղ˵ٶȴ
Ŷô˵ô̫ء
Դ̹ϵǴ˾룬ҵΪܽ⿪ɽ󷨣ǰڴ˾þӶ꣬Ӧ֪˵֮жǿˣ˸ܽ⿪󷨡
Ϊع⳾Ķ
ԷĬһΣԴŵĵȴУ˶
еĸϵ˻ȥǰɽɫʼŤˮ汻ӽһʯӣ΢
ţޱ𺳵һĻˡ
ľ֮ⶼһǳɫ׹⣬һһӰЩֲ֮и֡
ǵķɫЩɫ۾ҲǱɫģȻȥ·ɽҰ֣һֿìܸУעĿ
Ҳڲϵţ·ʲôµڵص׻۶ջһͳǰ
ǸŮӣɫɿ߾࣬һ֧ľбڷУĿɨһȦǰ࣬¶̵Ц⡣
˼Լ⿪󷨣ǽģ
Ů󣬸ղ嶼ĬĬǰһ˫ıɫֱͫؿԴԴɱһ⡣
Դ˼ǰŮӸع⳾ĹϵЩܹﵱɼһع⳾̲ҲһһӦѺõġ
Ѹ˼һ̫Ļش
Դʹˣʵϡ˽Ѿȥǧ֮ˡ
ŮĿ΢ü΢ؿԴݡ
˽ˣҵ൱𾴵ǰܣȥ֮ʱµͼ֪ҵķλԸˣҵ˵أһҪȡڴ˵صľδԸͬʱк˴λǰ֮ѹѡǷҪȥ
ƽԴ졣
ĳ̶ֳϣʱ˵ǻͦʵʵġ
վ˵ĺ󷽣ֱ÷׵󣬲ֻۣ͸Ⱥķ϶ŮӺ塣
Դ²ĺ
ݽߣܵӰľ塣
壬ûֻҪΪڣԿǿ.
岻һǵһݽߣǵֲ޷
취Ҳ޷ֹݽ֮¿ʼΧȻ䡣
ǲڴ˽档
Դ˽δȥ
ƽʵۼ֤˥ĲԭҪ
ҲΪŹ˼ĳΡ
ڼĩ·Ĵ棬Щ˹˹ˣֻȥأ
ʱƽ첻µز£һļƻ
޷棬һ粻ͺˡ


100 ɽ֮·
Դһ´Ҳ֪û, ȻȺſǣΪ׵ֻһЦЦı鶢Դʼ˼, ǲǸղǷ©
꣬ʲô
ԴһɣԷ˵Ӧһ, ƻͳɹˡ
, ˸׵˵ʵλǰµϢҲʮֻԼѰֻĳЩйصĶ, ҵǰԻ֪
ŲæһеĳЩ²ʵʷ, ٲΰ, Ⱥżǧ֮õ޷١
˵, Դֲʵ˵ô, ֪ǰγƺ
컺壬չü
˵ţ̾˿ĬԻ֪𡭡˵Ļ
֮, ˵ʲô𣿡
֪Ҫżȥ, ǰȺǱعһ, ʼʾ֭ԴһϹ
Ⱥ׺ǸղŶѾʶ, ǿǴϹʱ壬ûаӦľ飬Ȼܲͻõġ
Ƭ̺һʿվ˳ƽ˵˵ݣ֧һʿвٴ˵ҡ
蹧չüǰλǰѾȥ꣬µļҲֻǲƬŬƽ⣬ҲֻһЩֻƬԼɼһЩǡ뿪ȵۣʶ󵨲²⣬λǰǣԸԸ뿪
ʷ֮мصĹں͹ǰʵ̫٣ܶ˶ֻ֪ʦΪֹõʦȴ֪ʲôģֻܴһѵȥ⡣
һˣ֪ԼҪˣԱڶ֮е˵ĻӦǵȵ氲ȫˣֻɡ
һȺʾ֭˼ôƭȺ壬չüŪԼ΢Щָףûע⵽лһ˿ɱ
ĬһͻȻʵôģ
⻰Щأȴûشöࡣ
ҪǷѾ࣬Ψ⣬˲֪͹ǰǧǰ֮ʱط׼Լ鼰ĵ̲УԼҲ̲Ӵ˺ب½ϲ
ʱǧ꣬ҲϾǧ꣬ҵĴ˵ȴʹ˿ڶഫġ
Դ¶źı飬ǰԭģԭظ֪չü
չü˶Ĭţع⳾θʱ϶һ˿ް
չü΢ЩɳƣȻһǧ꣬ȻѾһǧ˰
ΪĲʹ࣬չüЩްǵ̬Ҳ˺ܶ࣬ǳԴǷ
չü°̧ʾ峷ֻƫͷȥɨͬʱĵȥɣֻǶΧҪĴУȥ
ԴϲæչüллǰнҵȶԼǰǰλعġ
̵ɽ·ǰ¶ԴͷǸ̤ɽ·ɽɢɢվţ˫ֱĿɽ
̫ʷڶ鿿ĵطһͣڼǣЩδûһ㺦µĸоʮضߵ
λǰܴܲһ£뿪֮ﶨӣǻ̫ˣĵʷѧһʾ޴ĻĲƸ
̾ѣоԼˣ̫ɽȺǧǰϥ̸ú˽һһǧǰǸֺϹʱʲôӡ
ֱĪ֪һɨ̫ʷʣһ·СܵظȥﻹţλǰҾһ⣬ֻһҺܾˡ
͹ǰǰǵѰ
Ҳ֪ⴥչüһ񾭣˻Ӧ۵׷һ΢Ц⣬Լȥǡ
չüЦ·һĿһɽеɱչ¶š
ղ˵ĺܶ໰ѱ٣ЩˣΨһⱩ¶ǵĻԡ
ʵǡôġ
ȺĬʵľǴ˽ˣ˵ȴǸ˵˵ع⳾
ǸͲ֪˭ֺкǰ˵
ǻԡ
չüϴһĻѾ׼ˡ
չüڰ֣ʾȥ
̫ʷ֣Ҫλǰ
ţȴɫ޶˳
֪ΪΣͻȻǰչüЦݱЩ䡣
̫ʷһڵղ䲻һȴƺûбȸղźõȥ
չüһĺ·ֻαװҪ⽫ƭɽԼԹ߽˵С
ͻȻ˸ղǰǾ仰
ǻõˡ
ֱ̫ԣקסǰĸʾԷ
ᣬĪ֪Լ䣬һ˱ͣ˽Ų
̶һԲüͷ塣
̫˳ˣܾﲻԡ
̫ʷ󣬺һֱƽߵˣƽһյ󣬲֪ΪΣͻȻŲһ٣عͷչüһۡ
ڴ˿̣ղųʱĵضɽҡĸоٴγ֣ÿ£ǰջȥ֦ҶٶȻ֣γȴղģڵرŲϢϮȥ
ɫһ䣬ʱԴǰ״æɽķȥȴĴְĸϵֱӳס
Դŭʲô˼
չüЦһָ㣬ϵĶ׶
ûʲô˼չüֵֻ롪
仰û˵꣬չüȴͻȻͣһ¡
ͣٵһΪͻأҲǴ˿̣չü񻺻£䵽˶ĩβǸߵŮϡ
Ŀȣżš
չü̧֣ʾס֣µ䲻⣬ȴҲͣһȺÿһͨ
չüƽȴ̧ˣֻѸλúܣȫԵһأ·Σգںĵˣɲô˵
ζġ
ⷬͻȻȥҲ죬Դؿչüһۣ֪ʲô۶ӣһ֣ߡ
ˣɽϿȥ
һ·ȷʵҲûӣ೤ɽ·ԵΪס
չüվɽ£ĿһԶȥֱ˵Ӱʧ
ԱһɻǰǴǽ뻨һΪͻȻ⡣
԰԰Ҷ˵ˣһǳıġ
ôܰһȺĻϲ˷Žɽء
չüĿɽ·ͷǸ˵ıӰʧĵطûлشκһĻֻأһЦӰԭصȥһ仰Ҫ
ЦȥɽΣǾ仰ɲ١
壬ȷȷʵʵֻ֮ԲôΣյһȺˡ

ɽ·Ѷխ ѳһ
һȺ˲֪ɽ·˶ãȴʼûߵͷйһͷֽһ಻Ⱥɽ֮Уҵĳڡ
ǴӰߵҹҲ֪̫֮ûһĶΪλҹ棬˿Ŀ⾡ͷ񷶥ȷʵǷ˸ҹĻ١
飺Ѿǳƣˣǰ֪ʲôΣգĿǰЩȷʵû˺ǣٴƬг
ԴƬ̣ӦʵеȻˣǱԭʱɽ·ΪǣҲҪ̫ԶɢΣգȥǰ̽̽·
һСгǰȥ
ӽ֮Ǿͷˣкʹһ˽޷ǰУֻɽһ·̽
ǲ뿪ЩֱӲ̫ɽԭشЩǷɢɽԣСƹïܵľҵһЩԿտĵطϢ
ƽ÷׺ѩ˸к뿪֣һһѰҺʵĵطģûκ˵Ĺעֱȥ
ߵ΢ƫԶЩĵطƽȷΧѾûӰͣ˽Ų
ҲڴʱرܶϸĸЩϴԵĶ̣ԵرѶزƽĽס
׺ݣȴڲʱĬĬ˶ֻ̣شĽϡ
ƽЦһǸǰһӲ
·Ϊ仰̵Ƶģ৵һջȥ㲻ӣһӰǰռչü
ƽһ磬ժ£չüЦþòˡ
üЦչüһ»ǧǰǳ֮ʱ
ʱ˥޲ߣֻԼŴôˣͨ󣬵Ƿ˵Ƣ㲻Ǹˡ
ʱչüͶ·һᣬֱҵ˴еλµһˡ
ʱΪµһ˻Ǹ߸ϣĿ޳ߣʱǰȴֻǴһؾĵۣͣЦ㣬еκһͨˡ
ͬա
չüؿɫ֮ͫзһ޴ãȻҲ޷ţǰƽϸϸضá
չüֲĶһƽ֦ҶҡŴƽգƽҲȷϡ
ܿ죬žһ
չüԵ֦ҶݺĿüۿƽǸһֱûժߵˣƬ̺ȵ㡭Ҳ壿
ȻǵϢ̫һǰȷʵҲǲľͶ
ûչüժ¶һ˫ɾγۣĿƽĺ㣬һھ޶˴Щί
㡭ԭô尡
ѡҧøء


101 
ƽ⻰ô, ûչüüͷһҴһǧ꣬Ҫۡ, ҲҪ󵽰ɡ
˵꣬չüתƽ˵Ⱥʶġ
һ㶼Լ˵ᱩ¶ƽݣϾܱƽģһŵùˡ
ƽ
ǰ, ҲҪ
, Ҿͺͺһ
һʵʱĻҺ͵ʶʱǸСʱǾͼˡ
۾һ, ͻȻʶ˻þõĺô
ǡ
ƽһתһˮ˵úƽദʱ䣬Ǻչüһʱ
Ӵ, ϲǨ, ʱҪͨ, ɺƽСסһʱ䡣
, ƵӦһ䣺𡣡
ʧ£ֲ֪뵽ʲôͻȻδиʱ, 𣿡
ƽһᵽδ֣Щ⧲
Ƭ, , еġ
չü˼Ƭ, Щȵתȥݣݣ
ѹоͬΪ壬ϢȴͬһǿʥϢͬκε塣
ԭ־
СʱݵĴ˵˵е־㸲ʱ֣Ϊ֧񷶥ϣ־
һֱ幩λϵģչüм俪ʼʱ޿̲һѾ硣
չüŵݿƬ̣ĬĬƿ
ղίͰ͵ƽǰӣĲ̫Ըǰ˺ϵһ
һֱĶ̳ʵ̫ˡ
ڰ⺬˹ȥƽӣѸת˻⣺ʱ䲻࣬˵°ɣչüҸĴ˰ɡ
չüƽϸϸؿһ૵ȻţһǾͦʵġ
ղŶ׼ˣû뵽ͻȻһ䴫ܡ
ǻϤˡ
չüҡ
ʱչü£Ӧֻ֮ŭ
Ⱥսթ࣬Ȼŵķʽģ
ţһ䴫ˡ
翤ȡ
չüסˡ
Ǹ˳ĵطб֪
Ļţ
չüŵؿȺ֮ߵǸŮӣŮǰһֱȺ֮Уûз֣ٿͬ
չüֹͣ˹ȺɽȥԼһ·ظں档
ֱ˿̣ƽǰժߣҶӴһȶʵ壬еţԭƽš
Ƕ˵ˡչü૵ж˺ϵǶܲ㣬Ҳ
߾
ƽ̾ǼôΣգҳ£Լشɽٵǰһҽ˺Լ
չüȻʱȫ¶ڴѶҶܺ£㶼ˣô죬ֻţ֮Լˣܲ㣬ֻܳȥ㣬Ҳ֪ЩʲôЩӲŴһ˻˵ͦأ˯˺üá
ƽЩǵľĿ΢
׻ߵġ
ˣ
չüɽŬŬ죺ǰЩӿʼķӡɶżȥ˭Ҳ֪ʲôȥˣҲû˸ҹʣ󲿷ֻɽסĵط˯
ֻƽǰʱƢŻ΢һ㡣
չüɫѶԣķͺ͹µص֮УְѶȫӡǳȥҲϽ˾޷ҵǡ
ɺûãɾͿʼŶ֣񽵿ս൱ҡ
һ˲ִٵظԿɣǰƽסмһ顣
һ̷ӡصС
Ϊ˱ҲΪһЩ֡
Ŵ֮壬ࡢ塢塢ħ塢оסңԶļ֮ص塣
˼֮ռ鼮ֲֱӰ˼ɽȻʱĵѾƳɿɽٲʯڣתƵ֮¿ʼ
һ֮ʱȴǼȫ֮еǻۺ;ﵥɵһ硣
ʱķѴеҲ޷ͬϽһ
ѾûмֵˣɽեɺģҪһ¾֤ݣװδĶУװǧ֮дδֹһ΢硣
硣
δһЩ֡
Ͷ·֮ķһ
뷨ƽӴʼ
黯ΣһűķֽԳ޴ֽ深ķı仯Ϊ
һŷܹܲһ磿
һŲܶأ
뷨˵˶һȻǷˡı飬ֻع⳾룬˵ֻзӦûȱЩĶ
˶˲䣬ᡣ
˭Ҳû뵽뷨ΪʵǾȻôʱ䡣
ƽֻ£һĴɨ񽵿ܣ֮⣬µо˴ϡ
չüüͷ֣ǰЩӣڲķӡһЩɶһ϶ȥԹ϶дȥҪᴩǿҵշ籩֮Уֻߵ.ǿ󵽿Щ谭Ҳֻȥ
ƽӡɶⲻӦá
ȷع⳾µ˫طӡȻɶ
ţƽĿ
ֻһֿܡ
˷ĶͼԽҵ
Ѿɹһ֡
ڤڤ֮ȷʵ
֮εڷӡʱ½뵽˴Ľ֮УصƬ
չüɫЩʱȣҲλŻģֻһ䣬ǲҪȡضĺԴ
ƽͷеĿľҵĵӡ
չü۵׻һ˿ɫѵˣõӡǰȲҪǰ¶ݣⶴ֮УѾһǧǰˡ
ױ䣬侭סʱ䡣
δع飬ǰݣ˵׼ġ
ƽȴһҲȣЦΪȳǰĲ㣬һױ¶𣿡
ȻҽӡѾ׼
˭Ҫµ
ȻˣǱ˭Ҳòߡ
ʱ̣ܶһͷϵʱչü̻֦Ҷɢȥ
ƽȥͷһƬҶӣµ߻ɽϣԴ¶ϲɫ
ܿ죬ԴһϲѶ
λǵǲҵһǡ
ǰԶ


102 ̽
һȺϲ, ǰƣһɨգæ¾ۼɽ·һ˽ķȥ, ҪϿããȻ޾ͷɽ·ڳš
³ͬҲΣմڣҲù޾Ĵɽ֮ãȻߣǰ·Ҫʱĵ, ķȺ̬ȲƵ巴, ٶ
ƽĬĬڶУͼֽ
ûǴĻǰ, ӦþͿ쵽Ǹط˰ɡ
ղŷֿǰչüĻ
ҪģⲿķӡɶӰڲһЩã㵱׽Щ, ЩҪܳˡ
ʲô©ƫҹꡣ
ƽΪҵ, , ʹûкù
ǲ˵һµļǺһ·ǰ, ȻǰӰӰĳǳصӰӡ
ǿŷ֣ǲݺᶼʹѰǳر޶, ̾Ӷ࣬߶Ϊ, ֻǳһ˶û, տЩˡ
մɽ, ִһճǣ˾ñЩ
Դ˼Ƭ̣˷ֳĶӣݺʼѰһЩĶ
ԼĪʱʱĵطۣȴӲ
ûˣһ˶ûС
ûˣ񡢲ľеĻҲûУһǡ
ƽúһ˷ͬһ飬̽꣬ƽˮˮִӹӣЩѾȫˣЩ滹ҵɢһЩþߣߵѾܾˡ
ĬƬ̣ƽֵҡΪ־˴ĳִ֮ߵġ
ЩþҵɢڵϣȴѾˡ
ߵġ
仰ǲһղչüǾ仰¸ֳ
·Σա
һȺǧǰѾǾȣ桭ʲô
ֺֽ£Щ˵㽡
ûĸʿδ㽹Ϲʱ
һˣϾʱֻܴЩǰܵǿһ˿ǸʱıӰ
Ǹֺ롢ȴҲ׳ʱ
ǺѲȥ²⣬лЩϹʱˡ
Щ˵ֻڵĴĴĸı䡣
һµĳĬԴڣλһճǣΨһû̽Ѱĵطǳĵۡ
ܱۡ󷨷ӦǳһЩҪʿסлΣգõġ
һۡⲿ󷨷ţ󷨱𶴸̫Ҫ򵥵Ķ࣬ڳļ߽ʦܽ⿪
һȺںԭսս˶˻ϣȫ˱ʦмʩչһ͵ķ󣬽˶ֽȥдӰܳʲôΣյĶ
ֱǴӴһ·ãٽԺ֮ۡҲûκεķӦ
ͺƲͬѰĸۡҲһѾš
Щʧ
붴Ѿһһҹǵ̽ûκͻƣûκмֵջ
ԴڵӦòΣգˣҾͷɢۡ̽꣬Ǿۡȥˡ
Ҳûбֵ̫ʧ䣬ϾԳһأǬƴѾ˳׼á
ƽűߣۿ⣬һԲ
ۡڴĵطǰ͵ģ󲿷ʱͷʲôҪĶڴˡ
ǺЩϵסͼ㣬ۡиԼһ䣬żСסա
ӦҲûʲôҪĶ
뵽ǰһС
⡭ǣ
ȫ
ƽ
վֱˣʼ˼Լѵ©ʲôҪĶ
˶仰˹ȥѰȥҵ˶һõķ䣬ĴɢŸʽг絶ǹꪣЩʽ⡢ȡ̵ĳ޵ȵȡ
ڳ߲֮࣬лΪߣȴĸмҡ
ӵķΪÿһлСرܿɢ˼յؼѵ½ţЩʲôء
ƽƳһַġ
ԭЩдƷ
лȴˣСĵشף̽ȥһȫһѵ
ǹƷ񣬵һȴѰĶһЩƽټ߱ȽҪСģһЩĹܡ
ѵд˸ߣг˵С۳ŸⱿأϵǣлѵʱȴᡣ
ǸķޣȴҲܹ׵ؽѳе༸¡
лϸµؿȥģõϹŷģã˷⣬ϻ̻һ΢󷨣оӯԭ󷨡
ãл̾һ˵ǿ⣬Կ̵ķĺҲжƷʵҪ׼ѰʦԣܽƳǲףĺֽĶһһΪ֮
ѡģȻС͵ֱǶ׽һ󷨣Ƕ׵ʱЧģʱЧ㲻á
ѵܹͬʱԿģ΢ֱӹ̻˵ϣҸҿ϶ûκһʦ̶ȡ
л̾꣬ҡͷϹʱЩǰǵ塣
룬ȴüͷܿѵԿ̷ģٵ̻󷨣ͷβûаͣ٣ˮọ̈̄ǳһ֣֮ͬʱͨġϾˡ
˻Ȼü˶֮ûܻȺ֮УԼɼһЩ̰Ŀ⡣
һƬž֮У̫ʷسôãλǰأ
ˢˢ
λǰ
̫ʷŵǶ𣿹λǰóٷ⣬ͱˣĿǰʷϺۼѾȷٸղлʦ˵ĺó
ᵽ˿ʼӦˡ
˵ǰ
̫ʷͷ
ܿ⵽ɡ
ɶǺ͹ǰ裬Ѿ֤ˣΪζ֮ȴǰƵ
лĬĬѵ˵͹λǰǺѣ
ܽͣں͹ǰĶ֮Уһרŵլۡǰסġ
˵Ӧû
ͷӳµ࣬۴һ߻лżֽ
ֽŵıԵʱʲô˺һɫ¾ɣûдǧǰĳ¾ɸС
µƬ۾ǰǰзֵ񲿷ִܺͱԺҵüһֽۣͬϵּһ
ֽҲͬĲʣֽѹ޹ɵƣһصĹ󣬳ǰԵֽ˲ʡ
۶ԵȷʵǰµĶ
Ǽֽƽʱһ
ƽдĶʵ̫࣬̿飬ͼֽĵõȵȣȻвּµΡ
ڣԼҲ֪۷⼸ֽϣдʲô
ƽͷ
Ӧáʲôܼ˵Ķɣ


103 ־
ֽʱŶɱ, ۻСĵشףһƽ̹⼸ҳֽƽ档
ˣº̫, ⱡֽɢˡ
Ժǰжһɡ
һЩڵµУһЩҪĹźͼʱͨʹϹŷģܶ൤ͼеעȫϹŷġдһЩճʱ, ֻûطճʹõ֡
ʱԽ, µĺܶе𽥿ʼճ־Ӷֻ࣬ͼ͵עвŻϹŷģҲΪƽϹŵͼṩ˼İ, Ͼ֮ٺϹŷĵĴмϾֻʷѧҺԺЩо
ƽ, ЩΡ
ǿеϹŷ, һǧǰַֻͨͨ
ʱַʽߺͷֿ, ˿ģ츳Ҳ̤֮·, ֮ıǵ
ʱ򣬿˵ǵù˼㣬˺ܾõ񣬺ع⳾֮ŸıһС
ʱع⳾˵һ仰, ӡ̡
ʣñû
, Ϊһǧ, Ƕ޵ĶȲ
, һЩûع⳾֮Уֻж˱û
ɷ˿ġ
ȫһȫµԣҪ÷ܹһһϦģΪ֮Ϳʼ÷˵תı˼
ȻЩʵ޷תģ񣬾ͱ˿еϹŷġ
۶Ƭ̣˽ۣõѰ˵֣Ӧú֮޹أֻЩƽеʣֻдݡ
ͣƬ̣֪ݣֻǵЩ⡣
̫ʷʵܲ˺źĻѾȥҿ
ɨһۣ֪̫ʷ¶ǰĿоߣҲûóλá
̫ʷɤӣͬףСĵһҳֽҶˣλȤһ
鲢ïж
ʮ³ģǸ졣
ݵķվ㲻֪ʲôʱ򽨳ˣȥʱܾȣ֪һΪĴͷ󱻻ٻѹľϲ
ʵҲûôֻʯľܿĴͷȷʵױȺãھٵǵʱʵѾѹˣֻǵϣֽĶҪֻٵеġ

ϣܹͨͷ󲻷Ѵִ֮ÿ䣬ԸˣȴΪȺĿܱն໹ο˵ͬԣ۸ߣ̻֮Ĵͷǲ˵˼ġ
ǰܼ˶󣬵ʱֻݷãڲ֪ԭͱү󣬲󼺡ع⳾ұԹʱЦ˵Ҳͼİָһ͹λء
ҾãλձС
ع⳾ˣûͦеͱһ죬ףձС
˵ˣҲȫȻá
̫ʷԽԽͣձСʱϸˣҳ
ڳߣǷСҲ仰˸С
Ⱥ֮У˵ƽӣ仰ʱһõ죬֪ơ
̫ʷҲЩԼ
ǰдģ
ǰ־ɡУ
ʵڴ治ĵ߽ɴ˷꣬нϽɵг·յ㣬²׷˵ߣҲǾԶ֮Ƿǰġ
ǰȻ˵ֻΪʲô
̶һҳֽϢʵ̫ڳһʱûзӦץĸص㣬׷׵š
Ժѧ𾪵۵ֵƪᵽ˺͹ǰΣϹ˫赵ĹϵȷʵΪô෴ǻҥǺѡ
Ī֪ü˼ͷ󡭡ǧǰڶһ򣿡
лһĨɫҪǣ־дġܡǺЩܸʱǰ˺ܴвΪ˲ãԼֽĴͷʲôĿܣͬʱвϹ˫ˣǶ֣ڵʱӦҲŶԡ
µ۾Ƭİ׹ס
ⷬʵ˵ĻޣӦöµˡ
Ϲ˫赴˴вġܡӦúǰйء
ֻǶڴ˽ߵʵڻ̫ˣҲֱԡ
ңڳӦˡ
ƽȴ
ԭⱾռǡ
ʱæַһսռе˼ҳȥͨճռдʲô̫Ҫ飬û⡣
Ȼʶռȷʵһ߳ܣôǲܼ˵Ķ
̫ʷ¿ˮһᣬ˵ڶֽšܹѾ˲糹ͷβԼоԸ̬־Ҫҽ
ĬĬ˼Ϊ̫ʷе壬һͬɡ
Ҳܺ棬ϹʱһС
ͻȻ֣Ը
̫ʷ˼ƵĻס־ҿû⣬ǰ־̫ʷҲܵһ
ƽ£ֿʼһš
Ϧҹѩ졣
֮ҹֵһϦ
ЩһֱҺع⳾˹ҹףֶࡣ
Ҳ֪ʲôԵִù˼һ飬ļҶղûʦŵɢޣֺϼž۵ӣЩįҶǵôʲôʱʼԼһϦҹ˴֮Ҳû˵ȴγЩĬԴЩʳģҪҲߣܴճһٷСǼնãֻҹǿڡ
ÿ궼Ҳ⣬ҷǸܺȾƵģʵƷЩ֬ζֻԱ߿Ǻȡ
Ҫ˵⼸˾ƷʵҲã˪˾ͰЩûƷЦѩҪ䣬˾ƾϲ轣ѩ轣ȷʵһѵþɫҲûҹ극֣Ӹ֪࣬ΪΣЩƣƺ鲻̫á
Ҿȵع⳾ԳǧէһҲȷʵˣǰܺȶ٣ȫˣع⳾Ҳһദ˱ܷ벻ģ֮󻰱նЩЩûƷЦҲܽӵú˳ŵö˵ˡ
ǰĵһڣչüҲһ˸֣˵ûйڵϰߵģֻϲЩõʽõʽôҶۼΣ߳Щʱ̵Ҳܺá
ûˣͻȻ£ѽҹѵõһĻ
໹ո˺ùƣʵѾ֣ʱ䣬ǵģܹҲסãԼȡɣҸԼȡһңҵסҪ֪ȫ⡮áʽоͿԡ
ûһ̣еĸܵҵʱ䲻ˡ


104 ѷ
, ̫ʷûͣ٣ֱӿʼһ־
إ΢ꡣ
һ·, ֮һƬǽ塣
ѧѾǨݣʧ۵㣬۲ã̫, ǧѧֻͽӲݵǧﱼ, Խģݰҵʱһڻలο˵ûеʱ, һҲ߲磬Ҳǿ۽硣
֮ǰ˵ոͽܰ, Ȼһ´в, δ̫˷, ҵòʦ, ѧѧǶҵĵӣʦͽ塣
ΪֹɹелҪѾȫ׫ˣȴò, ڼʲô, ͲǼ, ÿдһԼ޷ŵĵط
ЩһֱдԼҽ, ӦҲ˳£˵ûʲôӦǰʱһףӦҹģϴβɢ֮Ǳң׶¶档
಻׫飬д㶫ѣҲ£쿴죬ǰնŽĽ׺ϰд˳һûģ˵дľ룬Ҳ֪ǲǷҡ
ع⳾ȥĴˣΪļƻ׼ǸȫĵĴ󹤳̣ȥ˺ܾãδ飬Щڱ׫ͼᣬҲع⳾֡
Ҳ֪Ϣ˭˳ȥ¾ʱյطԵ˴ٲķ𾭣ħҲЩɵӦоУһ£ѧѧӶæ
ʵٸЩʱ䣬һܴеȫе硣
ʱ䲻ˣһգͷһ̣е֤
ҪٺͿǱĽ֣ʱϵԽԽԤУıµ顣ηʧܣܾվˣһܸЩʲôѧ
ҵΪһؼĽڵ㣬չƺҲˣǰЩһǷʼ飬ƽ֮ƺľҵҲвҵĺô
ҸоԼԼܴǲżˣҲܹо
ҷȥɽ٣ǶѾվ±ϣΨжɽܹƷӡұѡ
ǰɻһͷһȰţ˵ʲôѵһ˲ţһøһѳˡ
ͷһΰԼ˵ֻϧڣȻһȥ
ȻãҪ˵һ䡣
ףձС
̫ʷ־ԽԽҲԽأֱ󼸾䣬ľܵƺĳ־ܼ⿪ԤС
ƪ־ʱ˵ı鶼ЩأԼɼһЩɺ;š
űֽκˡ
޷ƾ籾ԴзҪҪɡ㻯ܷɡ
ɴ˽ذ߷һֱǽյĽ
ûҪ磬˵ǧǰѾڶֻ硣
˵⻰Ǳˣֻᵱ֮ǸЦȥĳĵӸѵЦ
ƫƫЩֵģ
˵ڴߵУ˭ĵλܺƽɫһ
µĶ˸ʱȺߵһһܹһϵǿڶʱؽ
ڳˣһɵĹߣһϰ׫顣
ЩԶпǰһɹܣֲͽΪλϸµر׫ĺ˵൱ͽ׵ľĵá
ֱǲס
ΪԤϵԼĽ֣ԲЩΪ˵Ļ֡
ڳˣ̫ʷ㹻㹻֤ÿ˶ܽ־
˵ĺЩÿ൱ӣ˼ʮϰͻȻһ췢Լһ޴ƭ
ԭղΰݹǸˣʵǵģ
̫ʷ־ڲסĲһ˲ղס⼸ᱡֽƬ̺оһֻ΢ְסԼ̧ۣǺĿȻ򶨵ؽеֽųպãᡣ
ãžȺдһҲ𣿡
һж̫ͻȻû˷Ӧ
һƽԼ΢Щ侲־͸¶ܶϢµе鶼ѾôҪˣҪ־˵ġ
̧ĿشȺǧǰָʾĳֿڴĴЩܷǳǿ󣬵ʱֵ֪Ѿĩ;ɷһӦþǵ־˵ġɽ١
ǰǶɷʧģ֮֮ǰ´Ҷ֪ڷɿ˼·ǰֻΪΪˣȻȻѡɽ٣֪ڿĶɽٸһ֮٣Ϊ˴־дġӡ
һ˵ţһ˼ôûһֿܡ
ƽĳӲʽӹͷûһֿܣԤеĿıĸΣ֮٣ѡɽٷΪֹ֮ٵĵʧˣ֮پͱˡ
ƽͬĿԣ۵׶д𺳡
ⷬѿڶδ̫˼ȷϺ߼Ʋ⡣
Դֱ뵽ͼıһЩˣȻ˵࣬Ҳû˵
ڳ˼·תĺܿ죬ž뵽һ⡣
⼸־˵Ķģǵû⡭أ
ڣǧǰļλ䣬ʱٶ̫꣬СͬΪɹ飬Ҳû˻ĵɹһǧǰոһյѪȷ֮ɱĵɹӵͬս
ǧǰĴǲˣȴڣȴڡ
ɶ籧е⣬ǧǣָԴ
뵽һҳڳˣɵŷִ߽治Ĳ²⴫ȥ
޻̸֮
Ⱥ֮Уһذ׵۵ͳ
ԱվһüߣǸڶرյһ̳ˣΪǿһ̴ʶӡ˻١
Ϊ飬ۼΪʵǳԵĵȶ𣡡
ֻǼŲּ֪ǧǰּαѱ棬ʵѷ֣ǲδ֪һ˵дܱ֤˵ľһأ
ⷬ˵̲סЩҡɡ
ǰֻƾֽ˵ʲôأ
ֱ̧ӣ䵭λ˰ɡ
΢̧˵½ǣΪ߰죬񻹴ǡ
һԵİüһϷһϱɡ
꣬񻹴ֵЩ쾿Щʲôɴ˵㻯ˣ˷ǲģȫǰ
أѾһǧˣȽϣĸпŶȣҶ˵˰ɡ
Ҳһ֮ʣʧƫģıⲢˣճλǰģĽ˵ˣ⼸ֽǴһ־б˺ģ滹зתء
ƽűߣôһЦһ˹յȭͷʾɿ
ⷬ˼µ־жɻƫǡ
ŵǵ˼Ǿǰһǧǰ֪һȺδļԹдⷬǣ
̫ⷬĪ֪̲סЦһ
Ҳǰˡ
ͷ̫ʷ˵š
̧ͷʱۿһƬͨ죬Ҳ֪뵽ʲôԹԵصᣬĬĬ˻ȥ
Щʣȴ㹻ϡ
֤
̫ʷͨ۾ˣﶨб֤ݡ


105 ˭
¹ش, ʱڿ϶޷ڴ˴̫Ҳã罫ջֺ, Ŷ̽ѰλΪΣ
ԴͻȻԴڵĽ֣ĿɨɢطֲڵĸʽЩǵһջߵ, λӹΰ, ЩҪη⣬ҿ뷨
Դ⣬˵ע
ǧǰ, ǱȲߵ档
ղ־ȷˣĶӦþǰƣֵ, ǷƷ, µõһҲѾˡ
η䡭ȷʵǸ⡣
˵, Դ˼ʵøŸɱ̬ˡ
Ī֪ܵӳ࣬㲻̰, Īĳܵӱ̬ܲҪ
Ϲż̽ˣϸ˺ͽˮ¥̨, һ˱ʵǿġ
Ī֪񾳺ڣĵ, ̫˾ԪӤ, лͬԪӤ, δƾսѷɫκһԪӤʿ΢һЩģҲ̫ʷ
˶д̫ʷѹָսġ̫ʷųʷ̫ʷңױϹŵ伮ϹŷģļλϹŷĴңһ游
˵챳վټ壬ʱʱ̸̿ԵǣͬҲǻ񾳵Ϊ
һˣȻ࣬Ǿ񣬱ǰľСҲضá
ƽЦ£ĵλһ֮ԵĪȷʵǴˣûбǰСۡ
˵ףֻټ󶴸ΧδĵܱĶҲȷʵƲʲôö
ڴʱһӣõʱٳҲͲþܾˡ
ӵĻ񾳳ͬǡ
ٕN˹άǲҪˣڴ֮оӹΰҵΪˣЩ㽻ҷˡ
Դ۵׵ЦЩֵλɱĳ̫ˡ
ƽĬｫЩ꣬ȴ񲢲̫ģ۲ûжһ¡
ߵĵݾЩ̲ˡ
߽ǵڵúʵƽȴоЩ
βָ˹ݵģʵôˣ
תͷʪ͸ߵķ϶Ʈͬصġ
Ķ䵽
ƽһЦûϵЩҪĶ
ͬҲЩƲϵĲдƷ
һУи˵ԵøĲг
˹ȷʵӹΰҪȷɽ⿪ģûҵȻ˵뵽ˣɽѡְɡ
Դ齩Ӳһ˲̵С˵ĳǲˣǸѡ
ƽ΢΢üź۵ķ򿴹ȥߣۿȴ֪ʲô¶һЦݡ
ƽ룬Ҳûǰһһ֮һ
ĽԿϸЩɫȥ¾ɣЩۡ
˶ǰ֮ģȴҲܲЩɡ
ˡ
ƽŽ߻ȥݵ÷׸ǰðɡ
Դӽ˳ֺ÷Ϊݣԭȵˮһʱ֮ҲֵĽֻǰճϰľš
÷ף
ĬŽӹ⼣߰ߵĽͬЩɣѽ׻ܲá
ԴȵȷֻҪѽٿ𡣡
ƽڰ֣ٶԡ
Դֶ˼ֹ졣
¹ֵͨŵɲ⡣
֪ΪΣܾŮ˻Ϊ˴ż֮Ĳ
δʼ䣬һгҲð˳
񻹴湦ֱӵЩͭҲҪֻҪֽ
ֱָе־
һȴԣֻ˹ؽֽۺãջУʵλʱżҪǰ־װɡ
ɷµϾ죬־ᵽľ£Ҳͬ챳λѲϵλҪ־õ֣ĪҪ֤ݣ
ⷬڳ˶Цˡ
񻹴ɫһεѹͷųռȻһֻͷԷ·شԼϢд
ڳļλ񾳴ָܶоΪϵЩСֱɫһףӿȵѪ
Ī֪۵׻һ˿ɫ˵ɫˡ
ǿѹ
ŵѹ£Ǵ˾
أĵʵ֮ܺԽֵĻᣬ˿޲Ȼ
ɹ֮±Ǵ˾˾߿ν֮֮ϡ
ӣ綨ݻʳλ޲һĺǿ
һδŹˣֱǴ˾պڴķ粨
۵Ϊ̳֮ͬǰȴȫ
ɫһףָֽ߬ⶼЩףоĿռ䶼ظ·𱻾ѹ
Ǿϵľѹ
ͷŨصĲۿȴѹѹƣãֻ־ܡ
ҧתۼȴоԼѹͻȻһᣬ·ʲôػˡ
꣬һ˻޳ǰ棬һӰ
ƽ񻹴Ǵ˾ѹ֮ͥŲ֮·˵ѹ㲻ʲô
񻹴ɫһ䣬ŵؿźۡ
ǰȺ͵ʵ˸ףȷﲢûǰˣҲûκһΪ֪Ĵ˾ǿߡ
Ӧð˾˭
񻹴ʣԱߵסˣϿƽ˸ֻ¶һСط޷ȷݡ
ܾǰЩϤ
ּ̧ܻһ˾ѹҲͬǴ˾
ͻȻһ³İĴ˾ǿߣʵˡ
ɵͷ˶ﲻϵţصĺҲͰˣλɽǴðǿߣǰδʵӦð
ƽӺ־ᣬȴ飬ָٿȻһɣƽֽõ֣οġ
ģֶ滹еġ
ƽЦһͻȻԴֽԴ˵Ĳµλĵȷʵʺⶫм·绹ǽܣƷܹúñ֤ݣ䵽еģ𣿡
ԿԺúñǵġ
Դסˣ
ԼƮƮֽܵ˲Զȵĵӣپ֡
ղű̫ߣǳԾܾһᱻƲɨأȨˡ
ԴҧгֽƽƵЦȻˣĳԵЩ
δ䣬ƽһ仰ٶȱɫ
ƽɫиС飬Ǳ뿪ˡ
кܿµĶڳ߹


106 ¾·
ܿµĶ
˽һ, ʶؾҪƽĻ뿪
񻹴ȴһɵδоκαϢΣգ˵
ƽṴ, Щдķ⣺λɳû͵ıҪ
λңһյʱﾡ뿪ǲţԼڴ˴
԰, ƽ첽Ÿۡĳڴȥ۷Ӧܿ, ̸ȥСܵƽԣ㡣
۵Ķ, Ī֪һ˿첽ϣܶˣݶݲԺһ, һת۵Ĺ, ۡоһˡ
Դ־ŭ, û뵽һȨѾȫһС
ʱۡлʣԴŵĲս󣬲ֺϵܵĕN࿴ཻͬ, Ͻ뿪ǰ಻סġ
һյʱ䣬˵˵̲̣ԴԥƬ, ϵֻֻ΢, ˲佫еֻ֮С
⾹Ǹνҡ
˸пҵͬʱ, Դλ, Ȼ֪ɽΪżʱҲ٣Ӧǿŵģȫǻ뿪ɡ
񻹴һ˿ŭ⣬ŭЩ͵ྐྵȫ
ȭͷһһԵϰסˡ
ü΢΢ҡͷʾ񻹴ǲҪ嶯ȱܱܷͷ˵
ֻһ仰Ĺ򣬸֮ۡѾֻʣˣѸٵ뿪ˡ
񻹴ѹϣ־ϡ
ͷļΪǰɽͼͻȻѾľԱŲϹż֣ǵ;ǰ뿴ûйǸŮֻɽͼϢ
˭ɽͼûмȴ˵ǸŮµһּһȥ콫ڴ㡣
ǲηĵߣǿǰˣҲɴ˵ĿĻûﵽڲǺʹ˺Ƥʱ
Σ뿪żǰǱҪ־Ҳԡ
ʵռţõ־٣ôļ֤ߣִΣ
񻹴ĪϣʱĴˣǴǰһǸû뿪Ļᣬ¾ͳ޶֤ˣڳˣ˸ղǸŮ֮⣬ûκδ˾ǰߣֻҪҶ֣ǽ޷֮
ϳ̾˿ˣܾе㲻Ծ
񻹴ֻ˲ԸգİҲսպյǰû뵽ʱǨҲ˵Сʱ
üͷ壬ղźǶŮ˵ȣܾöԷЩϤȴǸʲôǲС
Ƭ̺ϳɵ˵
Ŀ⻺񻹴ǣĸ
񻹴һ㶡
һյ˲Ҫˣϴ񻹴ǵ˼Σȱܿ
ΪߣһʹӸۡ뿪
Ǹ뿪һ˲䣬֮ۡлȻһϸСĿռѷ죬ţһֻɫľִѷ֮д˳ֻ־Ӳס˷·εĿռѷ죬ݺһ˺
ԭϸСĿռѷ˲䱻ſγһɲѺֳۣ״ӿռѷ˳Ǽ׳˶˵
˳ʱռѷѾ˽ɸߣɲĿռѷ콫ۡĿռȫŤۡţضɽҡ
ֱھ޴ĽڵһӺۡ
ӿռѷĶ˵ͣȴѱ֮ΪˡŽɸߵӴͨڣǲǴĺɫϸȥܿϵĺɫ֮Լпռ籩ĺۼûͷ­·ϸܵĺͬĿռѷӣټֻһܹǵ졣
ڵľ˼ͽۡ꣬ȴûзκλ˵Ϣ
ţͻȻ׳˶һ˫ѪɫۣڸۡѲţ֪ʲôųƵؽŲųķȥ
Ķ˺ԶѾǵһ˶ĶĬĬӿ˽Ų
̫ʷµܵÿ죬ǶҲ̫ˣʲô
Ī֪Դؿƽصллѣҵǰȫûвκ
뿪ʱ㣬ǶǰӦþǺܽǳλɽڳûκ˲Σա
ƽ΢΢ףҵͬУӦõġ
ĵǶԭѹڶײ㣬ǻռӿռѷģսֿռ춯ĸӦǳںͶʧȥϵĲǶĿ
˵֮̽⣬ȴֻ˼򵥵ĻӦ㲻˵ӡء
һ֪صĴ˾ܡ
ʱ˿̣ڳ˶ɿ˼ţ仹λ˾ǰλϵġ
˼ȥ֮Ĵ˾Ůǿߣƺλǰλմߡ
˳Ǻһ·Ŷ漲УʱҲ˲Ѱҷֻ뾡뿪ԽԶԽá
һƬ֣֮дãڸоǰɫȻ
ɺܿͱǰһĻˡ
ֵľͷȻû·ˡ
ɽڴ˴Ͽǰһһ׵¡
ƺ
ֵɭҲƿճǵĻްǰɫ֮ɾ
ƽϸȥüƺж
ԣŬзֱ棬ڿ壬Ʋ֮ϸ䣬ϸ߿յĴ紵òϻζϸһлСɳʯڿ֮з裬СۼԿ壬ҲȭͷС
ҷ磬ϸ֮ϸվȡ
ɡ֮н޷ɹȥ
ô죿
ǻҵǶǺԽԽ
ǳصȷʵӳǵķ
˼ǰһĻӦôʱĽŲǻͷһԴһͬҲǰˡ
һƬ֮У첻شǱ³˼Ƭ̣ŮЩ
Ůǰһ𺳵ȷʵӽ
ԴԴ˵ؾҲˣæʵʲô
Ů͵ĹذÿҪ׼öԳȥʸ񣬾Ҫһǧѡ˿ɳʯֻҪܹﵽ԰ȥͨ
̫ʷ岻𡣡
һķзȻܹõġ
쵭Ƴһֻۣǿ飬ԡǾ
̫ʷ
ҪҪô԰
춢űƲĶ£⶯䣬ü΢΢
ܾãƺͬϢ
һγĬ˶ĿͶ˸վ±ȴеĿǰ·гƽ
֮ǰÿÿʱǰа취
һҲа취İɡ
ⲻ֪ʱƽæŸչüܡ
һǧǵװѶĽʲô˰
ǵ춴ʱط
һͷչüü۾뵡ˡ
ʼʲôӣֻҪסż壬Ҫӡ


107 ͨ
Ŷ, 
ȺСϰˡ
صĳ֮ٹǸΣաͻ
ƽܣҸղŸӦǸһ￿ˣӵصӳôӦԵġ
չüεûʲôð취, ֻܶ㣬㵱µķԼһǧѾ˺ֻܸܶ࣬ʱһΣʱҲ, 󲿷ʱ򶼻ڿռѷг˯, Ǽ嶼˷󣬾ܿеʱ䡣
ƽ̾Ϣ
ò׻ϼңȻ
Ĺʲô
չüָص, ÿʱ䣬ͻռѷ֮С
ƽ취·ӡȥ
չüЦһѵͽˣϾⶴֻ֮, ûа취֪, ˵Ļ
ƽӽ, ǳ, һ̣̺ܴſֱӽڳ˶ȥ󷨽, ·һĿռ䡣
ƽɨڳɿǹʱֻ, 󷨻ɱĸ֪, ޷һռ, ֮Ͱȫˡ
ƽ˵˱һӵлǰٴγż뿪Ŷм
ǡ
Ԫͬˡ
ƽ̧ʾǰлĻȲ˵ֻô࣬·ȫλԼıˣǹȥͬǰȫġ
ô˵˲ſʼ
ǰ汻һ·󲿷ⶼģʱͻȻ˵û˹ˣŷֵϹż֮У֮Լһ¶ɶɲȥ
԰գƽÿǰ·ĵߣС
һ嶼죬Ⱥʩ
ĬƬ̣ػƽ¡
˲֪ʦ֮ü۹˾ƽԼȴ˽⡣
ʦܵĵ費Ҫȥ
ƽ㣬ָ̫ʷʾС
˲ˣУԷȺΪ
ӦǺͱ
˿һĻѼ泡
ļŮ±һԾ£ǵ󿪵ĺܵͣһ·вʿֱ¶ѩ׼˿̣Ǳ¶ĵطȻһ˫ᣬһ񣬼ϸӯӰʧ˿С
˫΢Уÿٶȡһ塣
еķңεۣǼŮȴȫûܵһѾ˿е֮ٿ꣬΢΢üǵˡ
ʾ⣬ŵս³ȥ𺳵ǣȺûзֻͨ޵ǺͱڷԾʱͬҲһ˫׳ᡣ
ǵʹ׳ܶ࣬ղŵļŮһԿܿҷķɳʯΪ׵ڿУѩ׵ĳȶһ˵ǺȻпķɳʯһ˲Ǳ˹ȥ
лΪ壬Ȼ޶᣿ΰȥġ
ƽЦЩޣ޽϶µ̡֮ԽĽǿ̣ĸ˫ûϣܹͣѪ֮൱ſԡˣµĻѪҲ붼ĸĸޣ̱ޣĸ壬̱塣
лѪ֮УԼĪǧ֮һĸʣͬʱ˫̶̣ǼףЩҲͬʱ߱ĸ˫ǿѪ֮൱֮ס
һȺ˽̶ȼΪûȻΨԴؿһƽ
һ۴ӹ˶ûзӦʱץ̫ʷӽͻȻڿն
̫ʷ⧲һҵļУܵȵϢµķ˿һ˿ζ̫ʷֵ̧ͷǰһ˫Юľ޴ǰչ
ѹͷսˣ
̫ʷʧش󺰣ʦҪץˡ
Ī֪
ƽ£
öˣȻһûʲô̫õ󣬵Ҳǹڶˡ
գգۣͻȻʶ̫ʷʦʱڣ֪ʦ֡
ѡʦ֡ҧüᣬֻ⼸
ƽ»Ȼ򣺡ˣ
ѹֱų
лһãʲôʦ֣
̫ʷһߣڳ֮ܵΨһһ֪ġ
һлļ򣬰קһԲ֪˵ЩʲôĻ֮лʱյսı飬૵ԭ»
뿪µʼͨ
ƽ»εĽȻڣιҺս֪˶ٶԵжľ飬ӦѸ١
Ŀӿһɨ׽ļʯλã̶Ľ
ѩʮ⽫۵ᰶնƣб·ƽնһ·
ƾΣ᳤磬ƽ³ƶϣ֮ŭն̤ſвϷɳʯ̤ʮÿÿ֮ʱնһŽǰȥֱº£ƽʧǰ
Ƭ̺Ī֪ĴյϢοѾȫִ
ĲһȺĿɿڴû޵Ľô档
ƽ¹ȥ󣬸ѧ·̽ƽ·ɶɶķɳ·ܿҲԾ˶档
ضĽӣ𣬵ƽ¿ǽͱĶ뽣ϰϧ꣬˼Ҳڽܽõ㾫ղһ֣˼Ȼ⣬˭ұ֤Լܹ
ֻܾʣлͳС
Ī֪ǣǾ䡰ҪҪûʳڣͿ̵ͳһڴ
˿ˣҪʲô
ţͿ˻𣬽ȣó֪ʱļɫëУ͵ζһǳɣζԶվΧҲ̲סȥ뿴ǰʲô
⼸ɫëһ뾧Ө͸űʯɫࡣ
һ˹غ࣬һл費Ҫ
лǼʶ׵׳ٵģĹЧֻЩζίؾܾˣӽͳһ⡣
ڿблȥ󣬳ֵص˵ͷԦܿɵ˶԰
ƽЩȣ츳ȷʵ
зȻ½
ҲƷϵ
лɹȥĹ򣬳Ҳˣʼ죬ЩܲסӴһüͷ΢壬ʼʵŤ
𺳵Ŀ£㱳һ˫ɫȼгǰ˵һޣֻǻ΢΢Щ
һͬӶ
Ī֪ɲϤ˶óʱ൱⣬۵дο͸ˡ
ҲգȻһܵȷʵЩڸ
һЩ˴ŵС⣬ҲͲҪ̫ƽˡ
ΪĪ̶֪ȣҪɶѾҪûô壬Ѿʧ
ĬƬ̺󣬹ԪӳϷ̾һδԲС
еھ̾еδµһȥԴ࣬ڳˣԴĲսռ֮дԪӤڻµġ
ҪһʿΪף⣬Դʹѡ
ǲֻȥͷƵˡ
Դ˼ʱǰЩŮ
ƽ΢΢ףûҪµĻ¾һˡ
ⷬ˵ע׷׿
ҲһģԸߵˣһΪҲߡ
ƽŲæߵ±ߣֻһָ̧֣еĳ
ٿȻ·ʲôͱ
ǾޱȵؿѶڿн֯һɵţ˶µͷ
һӿ쵽ƽĽűߣ˿ɫҶƬһϵˡ
ƽû͸оԼ½Ǳק£ͷԴ񣺡ɽҶѾˣԴһͬаɡ
ˢһ¿ۡ
ʲôѾˣ
ƽҲ£ײۺЦ񣺡ҶǸ㵱ҩͯˣѵ𣿡
ƽ˼˵Ҳ˵ֻͨǡĿǺҪҵˣɲǵҩͯôŶΣա
Цеûϵ˲Σա
ΣգĺĸҪ
ĺ֪ϵɫλεƵɽʲô·
ܹԺһˣɣҲúܡ
Ȼǵɹ飬ǰλɽΣܾɽδֹڴˡ
ܻ㡣
ƽؿ˺ۼۣ֣Ǿ͡ӭˡ
ۺԥػչȥ
ƽһŮ߹źű˲ʧˣղŷһжǵĴ
ڶ԰һȺ𺳵Ϊʲôֲܹ
ͷչüƽܵһ䡰лˡط˸ۡ


108 
µһͷ, νǱж졣
ǲ֣һǣߴ, ˴֮ʿͷï֦ܵҶ㹻ռ䣬ⲿȥԼɼڲһЩĵطϴһݣһⶼйķ
͵ʱķǳơ
ƽпЩСȻĽԭȵڶؽ
û̫ⷬʱ, ĸ˸չ, ͿȵͷͬһȺڶš
տνš
˴˺ŵŮƵķΣȥȴͬͬǷպװ, ӯȹԼ¶뱳ᱡ£ɫȺϵķ¹ӵɫ, ȺҪöࡣ
, ĸ, ӵش¶ˣ϶塭ǧǰ壿
֮, ͷǸһͷɫŮӣͫǾӨɫǾؿȺġˡʱ, Щɲ
˵ϢΪô
֮͸¶Щ΢񴿴ķ, ǲЩĶ
ɫŮӾߺ, Ϊô򡣡
˵, ɵĿɨһȺˣʶ⡣
ԣҴδڴ˾֮мȣǡ
ƾӵ岻ǧˣʿѣǧʱҲģɶ⼸ȫİûκӡ
ɫ۾ͻȻɷ˵ͫѵǴģ
ƽȷʵˣҵǴ
ɫŮһǰһʵ˶ˣʲôЩܱ𣡡
һ˷ɶɶʱ仰¸ȷ֮ǰҵ־ʵԡ
ƽ˵滹ЩˣЩ㣬֪ɷҸʵĵط̸
˫ɫͫЩ£ǧǰСûг˵Ĵȸߣÿÿ˵ʱһ˫Բɫ۾ͻͫ
ԼǵöԷ֣ƺѩ
ѩ£ͫЩ⣬ɨڳԽԽ࣬˴룬ֻڡ
ЩΡ
ͻȻܵԷĵ˼ҲýҪӲҲʵ˵ȥ
ĴӪ֪жٸ֣ҲһӲɹ
ƽҲգתˣͷλָ·Ҫȥ
ѩһָۣԵһխɽҲ֪˵ĶƹΧȥħȥסѩ֮ɭȥΣյĵطо
δ䣬һ˵ͽ档
ѩЩ˽
Ц£ǿ⼸λͬСλߵѡ
ѩ£ԵӦǣ𡣡
ֵؿƽʮȷԷʵʵ࣬ΪԼ˽ȥ
ٶϤƽ΢΢üЩΡ
һɲչüô˵
һȺ˱ѩŽ
ϸɵï֮ܵɵԾï֮ʱɢŸɫâչٿȻ£żȻʱ򣬵ϻ伸Ƭྻּ仹ɢɢޣȫڵرԭּ׷չ塣
һ·߽һ·ûʶľ̾
߹ֺǰһӨĺһ޴ľԺˮ֮䲻ݵǰߴ󣬵ҲƵ֮׳ϴһʮߵ¥ˮ淺ΡĵӰ
С¥ĻǷ֮ʱʱ֣ܵĴʹ״м䣬ʱǰգܿＸÿ϶ϣŶϲΰݡ
ĳʥ
һԺС¥첽ѩ˼䣬ѩǵλͬλߵĿǰһµĿ˻˴ȥǺСһ
ԱȲʶ壬ѾѵõȻЩƽΪͬǰȥҲûʲôһǰǺ
ƽ֮Уûಽظȥ
ѩֱӵֻǶˣ߲ǰͬ
ûԼߣֻĬĬתͷƽԸһ˽ȥ
ƽʮ˳ֵ˳ëοģѣµġ
ݻЩŲƽսȥҡ
ƽķԸݺݺݵͷáûټҪȥקѩ÷Ǻȥ˻ûӦʲôͱקˡ
ۻתͷƽ٩ǲЩ̫ճˡ
ƽһ̯֡
ƽ¥ƽԼһƺϤ·֮£ԵԼЩҡ
ⶰ¥ĽṹǻΣϣÿ㶼Ųͬ죬ǲϤ˵ǳ·
ֵؿƽϤ·ΪǷ򽨵ģ˴ӵĵطһ޶·ؼһϤ
ΪΡ
ⶰ¥Խ¶Խߣһ·ߵʱѾܹܵȵĸ¡
ѩ˹˸񣬴ڡ
ź¶ߡ
Щʵü
ƽһȥͿɢڸλϵˡ
һɫüһ״ۣһ˫ɫͫ뿪صбǣں󣬲ŲŲæ
ѩе
ֱƽ߹һߣ˹һȦľ⣬Щڣü㿴ʲô
Цһˡ
£û뵽Լ˷˵Ϣһ۾ͱ˳
ţ˵һ仰
һʧȥ˷ķˡ
ɫһ䣬ˣЦ÷̫סˡ
弸ûĲÿģò޻֮£֮󲿷忴ŶҪӲЩһ˫ķۣѹ͵üĵм
䣬֣Լҵط
Ϸɬķˣתûü˵ͿƽѾǳ˸طϵĲһڣŲ豭費л
𣺡
ʱٶȿ١
һҲЩˬΪģǱֶԸ̵ķʽԴﲻˬ
Ѿˡ
ȴѾ͸һ㣬ΣΪм˶˻ֻԪӤġ
˵ɫʱѿȭͷ߬ñ֪ûз裬ֻԪӤԭ򡣡
˿ٻһǿ
ǡ衣
߸亱
ǰ˶ǵĴһȥ
ɵһȴֻûзķˣ۷ѶѪΪʼ᲻ȥҪ˪֮ʹ
޲ЩЩȻ
ã̾ļ䴫н˶٣
شʵ֪һΪλʧȥ衣
ȫûжƽ˵һ仰һԵѩвϲ²⣬ѵвйߵģ
ƽҲûκβŭһֱȻԵõԱߺȲ衣
棬۹˶ûҪġ
ֻС񣬶еԹϵġ


109 һ
šüм䲻ȫ, ܿһЩƬԭȫò
˼ڼƬпΪ˾һ, ԸȼΪ׳裬һʶѾˣΪ̫󣬼֮ʧȥ裬˵Ĵж˺ܶ, һҡ
ü, ͷ۵ôľôͿô㡣
زû˵Ļæʵѵ»飿Ǹƭйأ
ͷƫȥ뿴ɵķˣǸһӻˮļһôôаӡ
, ˵һĻߣǰѾˣǵߵĵ, һ, һֻ񡣡
ʱ, ıһˣʶ, ˺ܾòű컽ء
૵𻯡Ҳ𡣡
Ҳǣôˡ
֪ΪΣһ̵ղŽʱǸ˼ƣͲϡ
ã̧ͷ, ӵؿһۣѵõĻܵĴмһ, ͸֪Ϊ˾Ը׳֮ǰѾʱ, ԥ, ÿҹշת඼룬裬ܾܲ˵ʱˡ
ƽ˲Ķһģεҡҡͷ
Ȳ˵ġ
Ȳ˵ģʵȲЩˡ׳裬ֻΪ˾һˣҲΪ˾ȸˡ񽵿ܣĳִͷβΪ粨˭Ҳû뵽ģ豻ߣǲĴ
Ϊ˾˶㲻Ҫ
ֻǳĬ
ͱͬҪС׾Ҫһ˪֮࣬Ϊ˱֮ܿصȣмҹ鲻á
Сķ飬˵һķ˵ĴΣԭΪԼԭŬ䲻Ϸ˶ֵɺƴͬǸϲͬ塣
ֱҪ͵ܣʱ֪ΪһǰͶʧ˷裬Ǹûзķˡ
ܲпᣬ죬׼עߵı˿Щ
ʱ룬㵹ҲûʲôҪҸԭҲܿô׵ġ
һ𣺡˵񽵿ܡǰд־еĿͬһǾʲô
΢ȣüɨ˶һԵƽһۣȻû˵ƽʮ˼
㿴д˶ӵϰ¶鷳
ƽЦЦţ֧һԿ֡
̾Ϣǲǰ㱣̫ˣѾ˻ʲô֪
Ƹ˵ܶҪһ񾳲ܸҡ
˭
ΣָƽԱߵѩԸúÿˡ
һѽ޶ȥڼ䣬Ҫ֪С˺úһÿΡ
ƽҲżʮѩɺȲܾȱʲôܷЩ㡣
ѩ֪Ǹþ˵̬ȣǸþ˺ﵱҵ𺳵طԸȥƽ˷ݲ㡣
ĹԾСɣҲ⣬㱻ĴָСЩĻ㣬΢Щ⣬㲻ö
ƽʮ⡣
Ĳ裬ĵģĿ⣬ϴӡΪ̵ľЩ͵㡣
ħ壬ħʵʳĮûκκóԵġ
ԼĪʱı飬ƺ֪Ҳڶ̶̰ʱڱһΡ
ġȻġ૵ǧȥˣôͣ硣
һŻ˫ĿǸܣʲô֣
ü˵ƭ߷Ǹʱڴĵݽ㣬ӦҲǱռǾ֣ıʲôҲ
˵Ҳû
񽵿µĵط
ǵıһ磬ֻ꣬Щֻзֻ˴ģͨռǵͲܲ˵ؽݶͬ.һ˱㳹Ĩĺۼ֤ͬһ
Ŀİľ
һȷǳ־񽵿ܣɹԼҲĿܡ
Ŀ⸴ӵؿƽ
жˣȴҲòϣֻ˶Ը񽵿ܵİ취
ûѾˡ
Գ̫𺳵Ϣ֮ûл֮ʣٶȸһס
˿԰ֲʧȱʧ
켸һӾ͵嵽ǰ˭Ҫô
¶һĨζЦݣƽ
Ŀһȥסˡ
ɽ
λɽӡĪˣǸıСʦõѣΪܸߣĪ⡣
²ɽĳŻĴܣֻĳԸɢޣɴδԼδĵ;Ҳйء
ƽͻȻߵص²豭ԥģȸǡ
˵žߡ
΢Уѩס
ѩʮؽƽ˴ſڡ
ƽűԼ˰ͷŮתĴ֮
Цһ겻ò˭˭ǿͶ˰ɣòŴ֮ĸ֣ǿ𡣡
ƽ
Ҳе
Щ㶵ؿ˴棬ʵ˵λɽҷȴǵ⣬ȴΪΣ
𣺡Ƿ֮Դ˶ֻзڿһ˵ķѾʧˣȴһ˲
𺳲ѣ軹
Цһɫ˫ֱͫؿƽǷͬΪǧǰʱΪһöǬ컯ѾܣҪ裬Ҳǲܵġ
԰ɣɽԳƶѾֱ׵ϣҲûбϳǲ統ˡ
ƽֺαء
ǵǷծܸûɡ
ƽ֪ҪжⲻǶʧô򵥣趪ʧ޷ȫķڳ֮꣬ʹķʧ⣬вٶڻĶ
ЩΪ˾ѹסȴҲľͬʱĴ̼÷ǳ˵Ǭ컯֣ҲҪ֤˺ɢЧҪͬʱɢһֶʧأ£ҪȥһѹƷˣ
𴽽Ṵһ㣺ɽϲһ𡣡
ƽԭڴ⡣
ЦһծͬʱǷҵģѵó
Ƶģ˰Ҳû񲻶֮Ѳɻ󣬳˵ļ϶ҵʵɽǺˣɽǺˣ
һֿɵӵĿ⿴죺ãǧ˭ҵһԼ
һŵͷ
ͣһͣƽϸŲ
֣ǧᵽ֣뵽ĳһλˡ
ô롣
λ˵еôŶԷĳǰ
Ѿʾϣ첻òţֻܲ򣿡
ƽ쳹׽סı飬ߣһǰ¶ݡ
ðСˡ


110 һ
ֵʱ, кܳһʱ䶼ڴ֮С
ԣ־̫档
ǸֻϹʱڴ˵Ѿǧˣɾ, ʱҲ˿ƾž޵졣
磬֮ʱһ嶼һˣóʱԶ͵ʶһǧ븴ʱ֮С
Ǹˡôܻĳǰأ
ʱ˿, 첻֪þЩĵ۶, Ļ£Ǹþ򲻽ţһֱߡ
ҡΰ߻ǰ̫һ
ס
ˣ
˼׵ƮԶ, ֪Ϊһ׮¼Сʦõίʦĵӡ
ǸıСʦƺǰϵܺõӡ
춢ã𾪺֮вתõѾͷ, һͷ, Żع, Ц˫ۣ, ͻȻЩ˵æ죬ǰ
ƽѸٺʦֵݣһһ͵, תͷض˵ײ߶, еľծ, , ծأ
ȴ϶㲻᲻ϣ㲻ˡ
ƽƬ̣ЦôһЩֵĵطҡ
һۡ
ƽֽ߸һԣ£ȴұ˵һΣеľծϣϷ
һһ
ľծһöǬ컯ԶԶ
ǵĶôǷƷ
ȴһȻı飬ֵ̯ϹأףļҵףһǧǰӦûʲôƵϵĶ
ƽС
԰գĿһ˲ƵؿЩζ
һ˲ܿҪʲô̶򣬽ʱͬգζô󣿡
ƽȴЦûȥ˾ͱ˵ʲôʱͬˣһ츳ͨ㿴һЩδĶȴ˽ʱ
ԣҰ£ȫ㣬ҿûǿǿϰߡ
һڲ裬յϣײһ죬һ˿΢΢
ڴ˾֮лͣһʱ䣬Ǻˣұǡƽ֪ôϵҡ
԰գûһ˿Ҫͣ˼ٶߵſڡ
ΣѩסֻǿѩоԼܲ͸ǿѹѹȫ亹˲
ֿȴȫ𷴿ͷĸоҲ֪˶ãƺֺ̣ܶܳѩ֮ʱһ̣оԼ΢Щ
Ƶڳɡ
Ҫʲô
Σ͸¶һ˿УǺʹǰһ𣿡
ƽؿһۣ֣ŵʼһ
һʯǰǧǰǰ񣬺һ޶
Ⱥˣһǧֻ꣬صƬϡ
߹һǧ꣬մش
ʱ̫ˣΪԼѾˣȻܹһ֮εأôǻš
ɾججصôЩ֮ٶȿ˫ʱĿڻʲôȼˡ
ԭʵûз
ʱƺҲܸıʲô
á
Լش
ɽ
ƽؿƬ̣ɽ
һŷƯǰһ𣬷һ׼ӽƽġ
ٶ̫죬ûǽʲôƽѾ
컹ûӦʱ͵һƣһ£ֱӴܵƽǰ
СȽˡ
ƽεҴӦĽûӦӰ˵˺ġ
ʱȴ˦ֵҹ㣬֮¡
Իеµ죬ƽ¶һЦݣ
߰Сˣ㱻ˡ

ĺС¥д˰ʱ䣬µҲǺС˰죬ƽȥʱ򣬿һЩˣԴŲݺ͕NһȺѾʧˣݻʳĽҲӰֻΪ׵ļŵĶԼһȺ廹ԭصȴǡ
ǳƽӭȥܲ㱩¶Ĺϵƽ±ƽʵΣ˴Ϊ£
Ƕƽ˵ʵԼʦܵ
ƽοЩֵһС£õġ
ʵҲ֪λش
ϾĲ֪ʲôͻȻͱ˱ˣǶʦһеֻܻԳĬһɰͰ͵أҲǡ
ƽƵͷԼȥҪʱԼж֮ǰصضһ䣺Ҫ͸¶ҵݡ
СƵĻʼɣôɵĸ˵
˵ˣҲŰ
ô룬˸ƣܵһԣʼЩʲô
ƽʵأ
ƽ¶һ΢ı飺岻ԸǽڴСգҲҪУ˵̫ãȥ̽·ˡ
ƽЦһ
ȥ̽·ż֮д䱦ȵȵãǷȥռȻˡ
˵Żһ޳Ӱ৵һ´ܵƽǰѸռ˾Ǹλá
ݴߣݺͱ鿴УУƽܸܵ˷ܺԼ˼ƽִƺβҡ
õˡ
Уߵķ϶ܿۡ
θߴһ¼ƽºƽм䣬ļ米סƽµߣԽƮݵĹ䣬׽ʲôϢƽ
ⶫһ뵽ƽУͻһӡֱϣƽĦֱ΢Щ͹ĻӡǣЦ˫¡
ݵָ⣬ʵؿ޵úܺá

պѩҴҵϺС¥Ϥ᲻ǻʵˣ
ѩ߶ѾˣǷֱŶǰ
Ŷһζ˵ô󣬸ȺϹǴ
ѩЩ΢żӿⷿʱֶһȫͼλע˾иıءԴӦǡ
𷢳һ岻ĵЦ
ѩڻֻáλָղżλǰ
̬ȣûƣȴҲֱ·ֱֶһð
ѩãλǰЦӣô
˵е
ʵΪǿʢʱͻúСɾ岻ѡ
ŵǸѧŽ񣬾ͨŵ¸㣬ǿˡ
ѩ˵ܶĹ¡
ойֵ
ͻưµʱ
֮·һ˳˳ˮͻƺųƵһǵİҲд⣬ɢдʵ
˵ǰһ˲ˡ
Ϲʥ֮ȻΪһߣɶ궼ûʲô˵սΪལ֮սǿġ
ལԶڼ֮⣬һЩԹ³ӿЩҪƾͻ֮ʱҪ
ʮ£ʮĸ
Χһͻưµˡ
ԭΪԼġ
󣬱ˮīչԳһƬأейȫС
Ҫˣķл𣬻ˡ
Ǹҹɷˣ£ûһ˿
һҹһֱ
ǳɫģ·գЮβХããҹһ
Ϊ
֮λǰһսҲΪš
ôһˣڵüȴģ
ܸɾƽͣȫѩ֪еǿߣܡ
ж꣬վĶˣֻԼǸͨˡ
ѩЩλǰЩʲô
Լ˼УȴͻȻ¶һĨЦݣҰһǡ
ѩԡ
ȴٽͣأԵһ󣬿ʼòԾ
ˣ۶øɸƵģѵ
뵽ֱ壬æʵһĻмˡ
ѩһ±ˣСö˰
Ǹߵļ
ѩ£Ӧĸ˰ɡ
ղ̸ʱĸʲô֪𣿡
ѩ˼ҵʱҲһֱ
ɫһ䣬Ӱһء
Ǻ̸ܶһïܵĴ֮ûֻһһ󷨷ӡΪ˱ʲô
첽ߵм䣬ʱ˿ü΢䳯мĵطȥӦѣ¶һ޴İݡ
տҲ
ɫʱҧгݵ򣡡


111 ·
Ӧ˶ʱ, ǸѾ뿪Ŷ߳˺Զ
ǽżȥĵһߵأһƬƽԭ
ƽԭķܵͣвʱƬƬ, žҹһĨʻ
ƽԭһ·ȫĵһ·̫ˣﻹΣûбǷ֡
Ϊֵ֮˲٣ŶͬеȺ˴඼ˣеķΧҲ, ż֮辯衣
ܡ󡢱Ϊ, µӱ˴֮佻ƵҲϤ˺ܶ, һȺĵڷ½䱸Ŀˣɴӵİ´ֻĬĬں󷽣Զرǵİȫ
浽ж󡣡̫ʷлļͷ, ƣ, лʦ, ͬΪķޣΪ㻹ƣ̬, Ƕôˡ
лΪֵ̫ʷʦܣΪޣδиϰ
, ƣ۶, Ǹ֥лҴӡ
ֻڳȺӵҲ޷ˡ
ƽۼ, ƳǰԶڵããҰľͷǱߡƺǸ·
Ŀ, һȺ񣬼ӿٶȣƽָķȥ֮ܵŷ֣ƬҰľͷһ·ڣֱͨ
ûκ·Ʊʶ˸޷·ֱͨηֻжϷ
·У۵ľͨߵ·һ۾ܿ򶼲̫һ
·ϴݲ;Ᾱʯ·ұڷ۵ɫž˾ЩΣա
˿һۣͬʱҡͷ߲УžͲʲôõط
һͷߵСдȺ֮мЦǺǵض˾䷨ţ߹ͺͺɫʳָĦȥָվķ۳
ϻЩ⣬˸Ц˸оʮ׽´˿Ҳֻ˾Ⱥİӣûаӡ
վһǳŨصħϢӦͨħ·
޶ħϢһУ˵Ļûκ˻ɣѸٷߡ
ͷһӲôˣΪβֵУ
䣬ӵİ³ϣС
ϳİż֮Уûеͼ֪ǳ֪δΣգǲ֪Ϲŷģֵܷƾʲôֵ
ǵӱ˵㬲ԡ
ųߵѡֻʣ·ˡ
ȥ·һֱ˺ԶĿ⾡ͷ
ȥ·һ·ֱ£ƺǴƽԭ֮ͨС
ƽվİ͸¶һ˿ϤĽ¥ڣٴθпһǧı仯Ҳ̫ˣǸ֪ĵط
ƾʶͨѡסڱ·ͨѩ֮ɭġ
ƽֱ·

Ȼ֪Ϊô˾ڶäĿΣǸ
Щ棬ʵΪߣ
ƽ治ɫذѹͷϣղǱ˵壬Σա
壿ۻʣֻúİ
µͬ
δ˵壬෴壬ˡ顢ħ˵Ϲŵ伮гֹΣǲİ
ֻǴûм塣
м俪ʼһֱڼ֮أѩѧͨɭֵĵ·ȫѰûа취Ļ棬ʿ壬ҲбΣա
ħȻħ֮УNһЩħĵطҲżܹһЩħ߶
ȻټȴҲôİ
βݸֱӺˣ׵ĵ˻ء
ܵͶֻû
ʱŮ˵ݣ㱩¶
СпվӹԴΣ𣿡
̫ʷ֣صصͷݡȫ顷أһǧǰССܶೡΪߴǿ׳ϵëʵӲΪǿ߿Ƶǹ룬ǳѶԸһǱеجΡ
ʱһֱڼ֮أû˵ìܣһΡ
̫ʷ˵˵ķ緶˵ؼܰӣ𾢣̲סߴٵĴΰ˵
̫ʷһתһԵĽˣȻǽ֮սǴΰ
÷׽ŲͣһģָûһƽʵĬĻ
˶ʷ˽⣬ǶԼҽĳսȴǷǳϤģȻǹ³ǺգԭǴĵ壡
ƽòЦǽճǶսʿԴ콣һ⣬Դһս
˾ʵĹ£ΪӣȻֻǵеĽ콣ʽ³Ǻա
ǽޡ
סײҪ嶯֡ƽ涣Ȼ֮Ҳ㲻úͬħٻܱűϵƽͣȴͬ
΢͸һ΢⣺
壬ǳࡣ
˵꣬ƽָֻƽʱº͵֮򲻵ѣҪȥ塣
֪ΪΣỺƽȴĪһ亹ͷлǰѣ֪ˡ
һ·ߣǰĹԽԽƺߵĳɽ֮С
˴滷ɽҲ᫣Щխߡ
Եֻ޴ᣬȻԣƵ죺ǰкŨѪ
仰˵Ķ
ܿ죬ǾͿѪζԴ
ǰһĻ˵ĺɬһ˲
ƽ¾㵵ǡ
ǰԶغʬѪɺӡ
ʪѪҺ涼ʪ죬֮ŨѪѬüŻ£һطθʲģѾںˡ
̫ʷǡʲô
Ī֪ǰʾܵĵӶվȥüȥʮˣһɢޣһǕNʮҵˣЩݵСŵˡ
վĪ֪ԣ治ɫؿҵһĻ˶ǽˡ
㲻⣺ˣ˴κλ󷨵ģѵ˽ڴ˴Ƿͻȫɱˣ
˲ڰָǽ𣿡
¶ãȻ޹񣺡ֻڷڳĽҲ٣˵Ҵʦء
ָһԵƽ¡
ƽ£
ˣҲǵһ֪ʦ˼άڳˡ
ƽһתһ֮УΪ֮ϣлһ񾳳ڵĸֹ֣ڳнޣ˽⣬
ǽӵĻ񾳳ϡ
ǰһƬ̣ҡͷͽĽ·̫һ콣Ⱥ˶һҿϳһЩͬĽˣȥǱͬһѽɱ
ȴһ˵ûпż֮еĽޣȻ塢塢ħ壬ûûࡣ
Ǿﻹʮľ룬΢ԶЩòУ뿿ϸ鿴һû߳һƽסˡ
ƽؿǰÿϸڡ
̤ɽȵʱ͸ܵһ˿Ϥܹȷʲôطˡ
һЩԶĶԻͷ
ˣͨҪĵطͨһҪܵķأ͹ˡ
Ǹų겻Ľϻǰķ˿һ˫ǳů۾ƽЦ¶һڰ
ģһϲ
ȷʵǸϲ


112 նŽ
ƽʰһöʯ, ǰȥ
ʯɵشƬҰأ˸ԶһЩ΢ɾЩĵط
ƽ鲻䣬Ƭë¡
һ˲, ǺŭҪҵڰë𣿣
ƽ
̾
Ҽǵаѻëռϰߡ
㬵ءŶ
ԭˡ
һԵ߼Լίæҵë
ƽҡͷġ
쵹ûʲôȡһ֧ëݸƽ
һ֧ɫëԵ·̹Ľ, бֻȵĴ, ϸ΢΢ţ·ɡ
˵ëȻë, Ҳëӵе
Ҫľһݵ
ëᣬԽĶԽͶƽȴɡ
һ, ëһ֧ӹ, ŷʯصĵطȥ
εĽȴһ
ëɵһʱ, ͻȻƾնĳ÷顣
ֻһ˲䣬˵ۼ޷׽ղžʲô, ëѾ׻촷ۡ
˰һ˲ȫˡ
ƽü΢šƬëġƺǽ
Ŀ΢϶ȷʵǽ, һλǳǿĽߡ
һǴδĽ
Ŀ¶̾ҶԵ, δλ޹ƾ, ½ľ˭
һ仰û˵
˵صĽ, ȽҪһ
󣬾˭µĽ
ƽֻǰؿţ˽ۡ
ֻԻá
ëĽ̶ֶֻһ˲ܿʧӰ٣ǰȺӦþǲУԲں޷֮ҵؽ֮С
ƽ˼ɵЩϵ˿ԲͬĽ޵Ľֻͨһ֣ѵǶλͬʱµģ
ƽҡҡͷһˣͬʱʹúܶ಻ͬĽ
һ˲̫ʷ۾һལǴʷмصʹöĽߣ˵ıһ׾űϳΪնŽ
ϲƬ̣뵣ǡ
ལλʷԺյĽޣû֮һ
ʷѧһֱ⣬˭Ϲʱսǿˡ
Ϊߵģӹɵģɾ߲սǿĹʧ֮󣬺֪ͨŵȴ֪ΪΡ
ȴͬһܴͬʤܶʿҲϡ档
Ϲʥ֮Уƶҽ˪򾿾˭ǿ飬۲˺ܶꡣ
ԽΪ׵Ľ޾ãʽ֮ͬǿߣͬΪɹ飬ľ绹ܸһǻǼžǿ
Ϊ׵Ǹߺµһ˲ɡ
ִһʣ˭Ҳ˵˭Ҳ֤ʵһ顣
ǿǸȺӢ۵ϹʱҲҫ۵֮һ
ҫ۵µͰǰ
ô죬Ҫôȥ
ƵķΧʼ֮䴫
ƽ۲һǰɽȣƾ˽⣬ӦֱӽնŽĽ̻ɽ֮УӦӦع⳾˵СæͨӦġ
ԣԵع⳾ִĽ
ƽ˰üģָɽϵļұڣ÷׵ýһŸطָ˳м䲻Ҫͣ١
ǰ߳˸֦ڵϻһߡ
ӦǴ￪ʼãҪԽߡ
÷ױǰӸ֮ۡóĽ˸Ϥѽ󣬲ƽĿյԵϢһŵĽӽ·ɳ۶
Ϊ˲ڽǰ¶ݣ÷΢ЩΣûý콣ҲûԴˮǸ˶һͨ
ĴʼƯڶݶӺ󣬱Ϣ뵽Ժȥ̽ΣµӲ˵Ҳǧ÷ҲȥΣý˻ɡ
ĽĿ
÷һŽˮûоɳʯޱȾ׼ƽָÿط
ƽעһĻ
ûӦþǹؼľŸۡ
ȻŴڱ֮ƽһ磬ֱεۡ
һɵĽֻ˶Ʋɵ׵ܵı÷ס
˴󺧣˺üȥܡ
÷ʶὣΣĵһӦԼϤĽȥֵˮʽû꣬оԼһȥ
÷׻ؿȥƽ
ƽƺûа⾪˵Ľһ¡
ɵĽҪ嵽ǰʱͻȻת˸䣬ʮͻأ۷ȥ·ղֻǶǵϷŪ
ˣ
⽣òǳɾ˰ɡ
ţһһǶûʵʵ̬ȴΪǿѹĪĴڸУ˸޷ӣ൱־塣
һŵ̬͸˵ĸоͬȴһⶼżǿҵ
ֻ𺳡
ǽһȺޣҲ˲ã׷׼ǰҪ۹ĦϹʱĵһµĽǺָо
ƽ֣صϣЩͻȻҪӽ輸ˡ
һ˲֪ǰǸΪǿĴܣǰܶѹضƽģû̫ɣǵǡ
ƽƽҪͨҪŸޣΪԪӤϡ
һҵͬһܵƵһˣͷˡ
һѾ֪֮ˣ⽣׺Ǹι
ƽһӲ
һ¶ǺȻ
Ӳ
ӲལµĽ
붼˼顣
ƽ⽣ûнֻⷨӲ
ع⳾Ǹ¶һߵˣµԶƽ֮
಻ͬǸϲ鶼µˡ
ϲԼ·ҲӲ·
ǰĽع⳾һСֱʣȴࡣ
˽಻ع⳾·
ԣǰģһûκɵɱ֡
ƽԼκ󶷷ľеóӦԽΨһİ취ֻӲӲ
һ뵽տʼϰʱΰľƽ;ʹ
͵ལĽΪնŽӦǰľŵͬĽֱݺʱСӡϹ䣬ǰǵŻǵĽӦƤõӡ
ҪȥҪŸ޷ֱȥӦŵͬĽʱѹǲסЩʱλչϣʱȥ
ƽѵһ࣬ǿ࣬Ѿǧ꣬ҲɲС˾ٻǳΣգλǲԸðգʹ۷ǿ󡣡


113 
һȺӸϽǰ, ǲǿرԸ⡣
Ϊһ, ܺལһΣལµĽǶѾԲˡ
ϣˣƽԼ, ôһ֧˵Ľ޶顣
ƽһö, ָȼһƻ𣬽ȼȼƮ˵ļͷ, ͬʱԺ֮ƽ
Ҽסһ, ƵѺһҵͬһ, Ӧǰ, ϼ½ĵѷ飬ӭս
նŽΪ, ΪЩʹʱڵص㡣ƽҪһ㣬նŽǶľŵ˴֮ศ, һҪǷֿ
ԽԽ, ɲؿƽ, ĵΪζѾʧĽϤ
ƽ˲϶Էɵ, ָٶһöܿ컯һ
ͳĶڣ˲ûп壬ֻǴӽóģûй໳ɡ
ƽǰһ÷ײ˾䣺ſ˴򡣡
÷һ˲̶ս˽
ļս֮£ùΣΪ
Ҳֻܷſ
ƽɷĳ֮ϣӡһƬķҶ׺ڽϣĽֻΨһĺɫԵøۡ
Ϣ³һԺлѧӣ֣ص뽣֮С
̤˲䣬ŵͬʱӦĵӿת˸䣬ˢˢɳ۶
ƽĿ⳹ķҶһĨ죬һ˲Ӱҡ졣
ѪŨңĵѪ
Ļڶϣ׻ݺʱǴյĽģǶӦԣ
ƽûлشȻһ١
ʱ⣬ǧ˴𰸡
Ĵ֮˪ﵶ
ƽĽɳƲϾտȴ㹻׼㹻Ͷ룬ͺ޵ŵֻעһ¡
⻮Ƴգƫеػնġݺʱ
༤һ󾢷磬öƽ°ڡ
ڴ˿̣ƽº÷׳һһңƽΧġ͡
ӯƷ磬ƽûаԥֱֵġС
ģšƫһ˲ƺЩڿ۷ǵļġС磬ɴӲܵƽüӹ
СѸɣȴӿĽĽ÷׽СĽΪת˲ĳ齣ŭն
ޱóԼˮ
ˮԵȽ
ʯ䣬˻һֺܿƿ
˭Ҳû뵽ڴδ£пϡ
ӱ˲ʶˮнӶסֻܻ̽һۡ
ֻһۣ㾪סˡ
ˮ׵ˮ
ڴˣǰһֱǰݡ
뷨̶һ˲㱻׵Ժ
²Щʱ
˽󣬽ָ
ǣ
ŽĻӦ˽˲ɡ
޳Ʒ״վ콣һ˲Ʊա
ż֮еĽӶǸк֣ľҲǷḻ˴˼䲻ö˵̾ͺͶԷϡ
СϻϹΪͷˣԥӦΪΣСӡ
һ;⣬콣ľ¾һ罣ճնǵ³Ǻա
콣һиӲ֮޶˵֮ȴԵЩ֡
нնŽ֮񱩵Ľ²ÿվҲܸоȵĽѾǵǵķ˿ɢһ˿ζ
ۼĽƽĿһڽǰת߾٣߸Ծ𣬽ۣ·ĳֹעһСн
ǽ콣ʽٿɹ⡣
ǹ¾ĽڳԼ·һ˲͸δʱ⡣
ȶţɹ༤
ƽ͵һŷӻսгȥڿд˸ơ
ѩᣬԥΣյĽ֮УŹ
ɭ̵Ĺǹи֧ı뷢ȵػȵĽһ˲
һϢϢ֮ż˿֮ٶȲȥ
һ̫ʷлĹǹ۾쾪ˣһʦ֡ЩҪѿڶͳۼֿס졣
֪߳Դº֪ʹ˸ɫͷ˵̫ʷлᣬ˸Ȼƣǲŷſ֡
ʱƽ׼ʱ˴
ԥһ˲ЩĵĻû˵ڣ
ʱ˿̣ŵƽΧ
ƽһ񣬳˲þ޴ޱȣڿУɽѹ˵ǰһ˲
Ϊϵĺ㿴ø˲䣬˶оһ˿˪
һʹֿ޷ɪУ㲻ó֮ȴĪ˸оͷһຮ
Ⱥ֮Уۺ͸ͬʱüͷ
⽣
е졣
ü紨ӡ̵Ľ޲࣬ﵶຮĽ⣬ֻһʹá
õĲĽǻķ
ǰߴδʾ˵ɽ֮ǰʱ˵ԼƽĺѣɻĵѵƽǵǴλɽĽУ
ȴЩ
һ˫ܿ˵۾ǰͺ棬Ϊɽƽϵɫƣ䲢ȫͬҲδڶ
һЩͷͷֺܿ챻ȥ
Ѿܵ˴ˣƽһصܾͿʼչأʱûгأôܻôܻ˸ߵΪ
˼Ʋ
ȻȴֱΪ̫š

һƽޱͷųԼǿѹЮѹͬʱն£ŵͬʱ顣
״ƽǵڣϿͨǺܿٶȸԭ
ԣмվԼٶͨխĹн
ɽ֮Уǰһѵɽ·Թһ·ϣŶ͵ɽ
ͷȥʵɽɽںδ
վǺѲԼС
غ嫣һڡ
̫ʷûӼлЩȣʵǲż֮ߵɽ
û˸¶ԡ
ƽµżͬǴǰжϹż֪ʵ̫ˣȫ˵һ磬˭Ҳ޷ȷﻹ᲻иߵɽ
ɰǰֻһ·ǰʲôҲȥ
ƽᵧȥϵĻҳˡ
ĽҪĵطġ
Ȼ˽·ľͷӦþǸطˡ
û֣ڿղŵȥĶʱһ˿
ɽ·൱խ˲жЩѣһųһӣƽͷĪ֪Ϻ󣬽СǱм䡣
һƽĽŲͻȻס
ü΢šеػһۡ
ʵôˣ
ƽ˳ķʶչ΢
ʶ֮УʲôƵľǿ
븮ۡʱ
֣ǼһڲӦûصȥ˯
ƽ󲻾ãż֮мͬʱ۾
չüһ⶯˾䣺Ⱥࡣ
üģԸȥķչлϵȥ󡣡
˵꣬Ҳ̲סȺ˵ڸʲôǸʲô
ɽֵۣĳ֮ۡУһŮϷƬ̣岻ظпȺĿǣֵöС
һߣǸƽһ˿һ·ڴٶȽ㡣
ԴˮһȺ˴æ۷ֵ·ڣѾȫɢͽֻӴܹ·𱳺ʲôΪյĶ׷Ƶġ
棬ǽŵһԷֶԷͬҲСļԱߡ
ƽһ˸߹ɽȶȥͬǰһز״ŵˡ
ͳ찴˰üģ˻Ƶʣڱʲô
Դɫѿ˼֣һȺ˵Ĺ
Կⷿòϣ취͵һݵͼȷ˱Ǳĵطڿ·ڵʱ򣬵򱱷ȥ
û뵽Ȼ̾һȺµĹ
ЩÿӼôߣ׳ֱһ¾ܽʯûɷĩȫŵǹĸƵĳëҲط֡
һʧ˺üԪӤʿ
һԪӤϵʿ൱ףԴµ˸ϿسȺֻ׷Լ̵ı߽û׷Դһ뵽г˲صʧﶼڵѪ
ͳ̾Ϣȥһǳĵǵƺǣ˸һ˻þ֮Увսʿʼɱϰ徲ͻ΢Щ̻ǣǻص
ǰһز״
·ߡ
˵䣬ɫһ䣬ͬʱȥ
Ǳߣص죬һͷ·ضɽҡ
ͳ쾪ɲ⶯е֮ǰġ
Դ仰Ļ䣬ǿӰԶѸٵطɱǻЩϤ
ֻһգ۵Ĺ˱ѾҲм־ţǱʲô׷һ
Դ֣ǰĳһҲû¶ˡ
ǰŰˣȴһֻӴܵģԴͷŨŨĲ
˺˲ûκԥشһȾѪĵط֮ѣնŽĽ
͵ÿ˼æѵģĽ
ڳȻ˲֪˭
ͳԴɫ䣬̴˽˽֮С
ĽǶҴȴǸǺ׷ǵľʲô
գ۵ĹһȺ˻ԭأȴһյĺӰ
ųصĽŲźԶľ룬Ѿߵߡ
Ǵǰڳгֹͷ


114 ɽ
˺󷽵Ķ, ƽӿٶȣΣյĶ׷ˡ
ָһöȼÿ, ˶һϣӿٶȣխɽϷɱ
ô˵ֽɽֻһͬ, , ״ɽˤȥ˭Ҳöֻһһںһ·ɽ
йɽʱ, խɽͻȻ𽥿
ɽһ൱ƽأطЩ, ǴӰɽһ, ͻأչȥ, ڰɽγһضϵƽ̨
ϸ֮£ƽ̨һһ̨ͤ, ࣬·Ǹ־յĹ۾̨ƽ̨ïּ֣ܵڰڵذʯʯʣαһС, ǰһľ
ͬŴȻҲͬص, һľ
˾ϲǰǲˡ
ʮ򶨵ˮȱ𼤶, ˵Σ, ˵ָľȺࡣһǧǰﱻһǧ꣬ѱ֤Ⱥûе⡣
ɽ·֮㵽ƽϤĵط
ֵּݺľṴ
û뵽ȥôˣ̨ʹá
춴ʱǵԺὫѧǨƹһרѧѧʹõĶ̨
ΪѧѧӣֻҪ⶷̨۶Թֻʤ
ƽһǽӣ֮Ȼ˼ԥ
ͨɽɽڶ̨һߣ˼ϣŲͻȻͣסˡ
ЩԻ󣬵ûüʳԭ
ǰʮͻأһ˵߻ڳȴһͣЩš
֮ûˣȴʵʵڳ
Ǹ֡
ƽü΢𣬱ϳ˶Է˭
ƺԼɵľţֹһ֮ӰŻг֣һɫɫߵĳۣʱм£ĵµһ룬ȴȥ˼ֽ
ǰȺˣЩζƺǵͬ飬ǿڱµĶ׷ɱŶǲȥæˡ
ƽ˿ȴû˵һмλø˺ۡ
۵Ϊ˼ȻЩɻ󣬵Ӧƽ⣬ػصˣҪһݵĻԳ֮Ϊͬߣ㲻ͬ飬ҵҲ֪֮ǵʵҵ޼Ǻް취ǻȥҲͬȲǡ
˵ֵ꣬³ƺߣѾ֪ǴӺζΪζ¼ż֮УӦǰһһǧǰˣ۶ʸƣ
ӴƬ̣ü¥
֮ƶ·Ⱥһǧһ֪䡣
ɺ꣬Ĭ˰ΣЩε¶ãȻı顣
ЦʮȻ·һ㣬Ȼԭ¥ǰ֪¥ǰڴ˵Ⱥҵȣкιɣ
¥ǵķӦ۵ףЦһε¥ĳǧҲա
۸ղŵ⣬¥ûлشֻüѹͣȥƵľﶼѾܿһ޴ĺӰ߿ѹȸС
¥óͨȴӴ˴ɽۣ·һ޴ԹǸһﵽ֮ǰǲüϵɽ
仰û˵˼úȷ֮ǰӵٿ죬ҲƱػǸｻ֡
ǹ￴ƱأٶȱҪܶ࣬仰ĹѾܹؿǸӰ
ͨڣϸܵĺӵռѷ֮Уûͷ­һ˫Ѫۣ޴ĽƺشӼܿڵһ̯Ѫࡣ
ǱΣǱһȺ˾Ȼ˵ķϻ֮³Ľһ·ɽ
ɽϵӽǿȥɽµ˷·һȺϡ
˶ҵһĻ𺳵ˡ
Ǵӳвִʱֻ˾˵춯ûǹݣ񿴼˾ŵĸܸǿҡ
̫ʷĿ⡢⾿ʲô
¥ף΢΢һЦǶڴģǴսĹ;дԽռôʵӦٶȷǳ죬ԲעͶռѷˣֵġǲ֪ǧ֮еһҲ֪ʲô˸֣졣
ƻˣǿҵĵ⣬ֺܻܣԲעͶѷ֮У޷ɱ˵˱˸취ӡʱǨӡɶܳˡ
¥ָ°ͣ˵ӡڣֻɶһܳʱӦѾˣ֪ʲôûлصӡ֮ȥ˯
˵ˣ̫ʷͻȻ˷ܵǰ𣡡
ôʱֻ̽һ£ǰڴ˵˾ع⳾Щ飬ҵһܺǺú˵࣬ʳɻ
ȴû뵽¥ЦпǧӰɲС򣬲㡣
԰գֵܽ򣬻˭
̫ʷһ¼ͺȻǰû˵
شȴ˺ǾȣǰּΪǰ͹µġ
û뵽е˺Ϳ˾ȻҪ
¥ǰʲôֱ˵ǡʮ侲ʵ¥ǰصؽֻļô򵥡
¥ЦһҾϲڱͨĴˣҵҪ󲢲ߣΪ㲻ô˾ǿȴҲһЩ·ӡСš
˵Ĺ򣬺󷽵Ѿ˲ĳӣڲֻӴ֮У˵ɽȥҵľС
խɽһӴ谭ݻʳǵĽͲݵһȺʿ㲻Ϥͷ̸ãȫӣ䣬ǺЩ˵ɽȥ
תۼ䣬׷
Ѫ۾תת̧֣ڵ廯ķкն£˲佫ռ仮һѷ졣
նе˸һڵУɢˣ춼û¡
ΪߣٶҲ죬˦ǰɺȻǹ׷Ƕġ
ż֮ȫн֮ȴֻܱɽ֮񻹴Ƿߺ޵Ƕô׷ġ
Ͻ棬ԣ̲֮ס͸¶һЩִֵҪȥǡ
񻹴Цһϣղſʱɲô˵ġ

һǰҴ֮񻹴ǺϾͺ˷ֵˡ
ʱ˶ƽʾʱ˳ȥֻ񻹴Ǻ˻ڳС
񻹴ΪǿûиоκεΣ٣Ȱ˵ҲֵǶԶһЩҵҪҶоģǿС
䲻Ըȴֲֻܸ񻹴һùϢ
ܿ죬ҵ춯ڳ𣬺˵ѹ·ƾճһ㣬ж⧲
ڳһǸڵͷ˿ʼڳлѲ֮£˴Ͻ˶һ˿
˿ĵõɴ˴ڵĹϢӦòᱩ¶ôţԺ֮о񻹴ǵĴ쿴ǹĿڵĵطǲ񣿡
һæȥ
ͷǰֻѪɫ۾·һ紦һɫɫϸ͹ڵ·Ϊһ塣
ϵĺ˲伱ԴԽռ񣿡
񻹴͸˷ܣ취õ
˭Ҳû뵽ǹﵱѲҲûֺǷơ
ɽϵ˽һĻȫȻ۵ףȻԣѾʼ
ĹܹӦġ
·һۣջʱ¥ϲԷƺӦĿ⣬¶һ΢Ц
Ϊɲ⡣
Ӧ˵Ǵǧǰż֮󣬼ǧǰ壬ΪȫǺȺҲġ
ܺͷӡﻥΪʲôɵ飬ȴҲ¥ɽ
¥Цһҿ԰ǵסǸܹɽҪ鲢ѣɽ󣬽һҡ
ƽѾʲô⡣
׷ʵʲô
¥֣ʾ˿˵˾䣺һӡ
ʲôӣ͵ǽȥ֮ٸˡ
ȻɣԼȲǰȥʱҪϵǣ
а취
ԥһ˲ʶƫƽǱߡ
¥׽ϸ΢Сۿƽһۡ
ߵһֱվȺ֮Уδ˵Ųۡ
û뵽ǻˡ
ƽ̧ͬͷɨ¥һۣ
ãǴӦˡ
ͬǰǵϸĥɰƵʸȥű֮ǰҪࡣ
Ϥļ˶࿴һۡ
ƽֵˣͷҵɽˡ
չüǰĶ¸
ױ䣬һǧȥˣʶһЩЩıҲ⡣
۵üʱ̲סип
С¥Ƿ



115 ѧ
¥Щؿһ, óһ·
ʮָǸ˲Ϣ仯ʮεĸӷ
ܿ죬ïܵڿʼλӰ, ˺üָӵı֮ǰٳһСֱͨɽ
ƽɽ¥Ծʱ˾䣺½ν, Ͳ±ɽϵ˷ֻ֣ǳ
¥Ц, дƶҼȻôͲ±֡
˵꣬һ, üӲǳ
¥Ҫ뿪ģ𡣡
֮ǣ, Ǿ߲
ƽһ, ͬǰȥ
˫ֽ, ĦԼֱϵƬ·չü, ˵ǸˣС¥
õǿ϶
ûһչüʹǰˣ
ƽЦһ, ҽɽϵø
԰գԺдչüεĴЦ
ƽ̶̲סѹѹü, չüֲ֧ʵûϳ㣿
Ȼûϳ㣿չüһЦ, һ߹, ˣ͸úúýѵһ٣
ƽüڵչü
ţ
ôǵãһʼҲûϳҡ
չü
ƽֵصʵأһ۾ϳģȻֻֻСнˣǺǺɱģԿ
չüһŬҲ˭һСëι˵ģԣܴ衣ֲޣ㻯ɻϳ
û뵽СĵһȻû̸˸
ò˵Сصͦġ
չü˵꣬ҴҶ˾䣺Լģû±ҡ֮Ͻ˴ܡ
˲顣
ƽЦһǧǰ¥ӡ
û뵽ʱ˴ĸı䡣
¥վڶ̨ϣۿĹ֮˲صǼżɽϳ塣
ЦһָöһƮƮطɹȥĿڵֻ۾ϡ
۾ɱΣһʧȥ˷˫ֶڵУŭؿ衣
ٶȺܿ죬ѾҪ׷ǰ˵ģɽϲֻӴţڵоֱԼն
񻹴Ǻ϶һۣһᣬ˶Է˼
ʱαװͲʡ
жһöҩʱһ޳Ӱŵֵ̧ס˺µС
Σ֫廯оȻûֺ죬ȴǽסһͣԭء
񻹴ǺϾ¶ȡ
û뵽ǾȻһ½ĵ͵ˡ
¥ָĿڱӡסһ㣬˯ɣԺӡ
˾У쾹˳˯һɽϵȥ
ɲûе棬һռѷ죬˻ȥһйƽ
׵ĿѾɣ¥ȺߣһӰʧԭأһȺɽϴ
ܿ죬ԴӦǵɽҪرˡ
ԣ̷ɿسǰȥ
һҹĲ۾󣬷ɢȥͬһȺٶȻϡ
ɺżʱĴѾһ
սгأ˵ʧ룬ָԴһ뿪ĕNͬҲŲ̶ͬȵʧ
Ǵģһ֮»սԶ߲ݸڵڲС
Դߺ޵ضǰǸ·ӰԼǸͬߵӡ
֪Ѿߵżĵĵط
ܷؾ棬Ϳһˡ
εɽ֮·ǰľղϣԵҪƽ͵öࡣ
ƽһʯʱ
΢ʯϣĹʯ˳ŹϿȥϢ
Ѿżߵ㣬վɽϣһɽС֮С
ǰ⴦żģ翵ɹҲۼ̨ͤ¥󣬵мַ佨ķ
ǰһ俪Ĺ㳡㳡ԭ͵̸ǣԿڵϵʯש֮Уȫ̻˹㳡ϣʯשϷֱŵ䡢ҽ󡢷ɵŵı־·мһȼյ
ͬż֮Ҳ
ʱǻĺ壬¥ȷȷʵס
ҹ
㳡Ķŷܶǵķݣȵ죬һ߲¥ڵǵߣڿ󷽸Ķ
˾ǣǰһ·̲ʣ˸оǺĴա
ɵɽȴ֣ɽЩķܶ϶һ㱡ѩ
ѩģȴȫ˸о䣬֪ɵġ
˴δԺǽҰ俪Ψһʶ֮صģֻ߲¥ҵңĸ֣
ѧ
ۿңһ˲Ĭ졭ϣ
ֱЩϤһתͷԴߵӰ͵
ˣԳɽ˵ɽ
ͬ뵽µĻԴ
ȥɽǸڕNݡħ֮СطΪѾ彮ֿħ򣬺ȥ˼
ɲ֮ǰԳɽҰҽΪĵĶӣҵĵλεش
Ҳɽ֡
Դɲؿ¥ϸ߹ҵġѧĸ֣ĵôɵ飿
㳡м䣬ŮӾһɫ[Ӧѧ֡
˿ͻȻɽ´ڶ಻֮ͣҲû̫ȣ·ѾȺá
ɽƽֲźۼ˻ȺУ·񽻸˺ۡ
ζؿһۣȴҲûжʣǰŹ㳡ȥ
ߵŮɨںͣƬ̣Цߡ
ٲ죬һƽĴݸУҶƵЦһ㣬
ѩˣ֪ΪΣͬʱԼԶܵǸѡ
ǰ˵º͵ģֲɵƶ
ܾãƽϵʷǳơ
ˣв˶תʡ
һ·żԭסǱеģߵѾŻж̬Ⱥõˡ
û뵽ŮȴһЦԶΪףȱɡ
ƽȺ֮ĬĬŶԷ˵һЦ
ʱȷʵǻı˵ġ
겻ҲɳΪһɽˡ
л˵


116 δ֮Ը
һʱ, Щ֪λӦ
ǰÿһطǱɱͻȻ̬ôº͵, Щɣ¶ԷҪûһ򾡡
Ůƺ룬ѧǽ˵ĵطӲϲǿˣλԸ, Ա㼴ɡ֪Ϊζ, ҪĶ
˵ˣʵں˲Ķ
һȺ˽Žɵظȥ, ֱϵõĶ¥
¥Ҫܶ࣬ɽҲ£ֻĹЩء
Ȼؿڵĳ, ûü, һԺѧѾԺĳ񡣡
ŮЦǽ, ԺҲãѧҲ, һǧȥ⽲ĳӦҲ̫ı仯
Ľһһƽʾ÷ǰһλãýס, ѡ˸۵Ľ
ûһŵɫ[ѧ, ȵĲˮ
˴ŵӺһ, ƺĹЧ, ǰһ·궯ıƽһ
ŮɨЦλԶҵдܣ£ϣѧĴɽ
ۺԭȵɽںδ
ϲ𣬶豭ᣬĲڱҡΡ
ͣƬ̣ŵλȻѾߵѾ֪˭ѧĵһΣҲΪֹΨһһɽǴ˾ˡ
̫ʷ̽ʵǡǰ
һЦֺЦݶֿ˼֣ϲʵ֪
仰ԭųʣǹСУŶ˼Ů鶯
ϿЩ׷ʵ֪Ǹʲôˣ
̫ʷҵͬ˵οУĲ˵Ҫ˵ˣܽҹġ
̫ʷһչ΢΢ҡưڵʮ㣬Ǹһľ˵ھȥ¥˵ȥ
ǰǿǴĿٵشӹµһˡ
̫ʷһ仰Ͷ̸ⷬĻ
ƽ
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
⻰Լ˶˼
ȴ㲻ãͬҲЩ˷ܣҾüϾ޽ĸֻ׵һЩ
̫ʷͷһԼСϼ仰һ߿޵ôûı
ϸ̾ԭǧɽԶʢ޺ˡ
ƽ
ҲˣĲء
һʣ޲øԷҹǰ¡
ȴԴشϣλ˵Ҫ
Դ˵̫꣬ʷͬʱͶȥõĿ⣬Ǹ컷Ĳ֮͡
ü۳ЩƺŬ˲ãǰĩ·֮£ûаɽΪ֡
ѧǧ֮ǰľ󲿷ŵĹ伮ı׫кܶĵķ顢ɽӷɽԼġȫ顷򡷡ȫ⡷ȫ׵ķС
ƿָȥ
񷶥֮ϣӰ֣ȴ
ɻ֮ʱϽ͵ʱ޷ֱӿģ֮дɽΪֹƵǿֻҪб´򿪹رյͨͿԽС
ⷬ˵ڳĶ
ƵǰλΪɲĴɽ˵ǿǵǶôĶ
˵Ѿ£侲תʵȳԣ˼ǿԽЩ𣿡
סͬʱϡ
΢΢һЦǿԴߡ
֮˷ĳһǼģһǱŵġ
ôܻ˿󷽣ܽĸˣ
Ͽǵɻ󣬻֮ǰɽ˵ѧı⣬ûͨ˶̤֮·һйԴȫѧѧӿţԼĹͬˣ⡣
ϧûܹۿԸʵֵһգľѾսң˺ͬ񽵿Ľֺصİܾ֡
ĲҵķΧ֮£ѧȴյȫżĵ伮䱦֮ѧֶһҪݣǴЩصΣЩȥ
ЦЦǵȥ￪ǧ֮ǰɽҵУҲǧѧѧӹͬԸ
ȻңѧûȨռӦˡ
ֵ˽ȻȴڳЩ
ǱѰĿĽżֻԼСС.󣬲ûоȻܹ֪˾˵࣬ûǻͻȻиشΡ
ժµƬ۾˰üģһξôͷۡ
˼һʵɽ
û룬û˵ڣͱϴϣɽѧ񣬴ֻһɽ֮⣬ˡ
һ£ظĿڵǰ˵ǿԴЩʲô
ʵ˵ϣ˶ڴؿϡ
ȴ֪뵽ʲô¶һصЦݣȻУһЩż
β΢ЦܵҪ֪ɽ䱦ģһȺʲôˣǹʸǡ
˵ͷ̤ʵ
ȫİͣǲҪɡ
ûѵ͡
ǿǧǰǰͬؽ۽磬ľȴ޷ڴ˵ؿǧǻ˽Ϳ
ż֮еΪλһΣ˴֮㲻úг
ɽ֮ǰǸ¥ΪصǰֻΪȡһöӡ
һЩ󶼱ǰλɽܹ˽Щ䱦ż֮Ҳ˲Ը
ʲô
룬ȡƺѾ׼õĶ飬ǰָ
һҪǱ֤ѧȥжöռȥ
ڶҪܹһ¡ʱ֮ڣɵɽδɵԸ
ڵ
ṴĿѲɨӹڳˡ
ƽţֱͣ÷׵ֻԼ¶޽ǣϢԼᱩ¶ηضԭء
ȴ͵͵˲ǵĺĵõʱѧѾǨݣǵսǧ֮ңʱᣬӦò
ڿǸߵʱü΢΢һ֪Ϊһĸо
ƽߵĲƬ̣ĸоǿңݲȴʼ
µĳݲ̫࣬ջĿ⣬Ϊ֤λӵнǧǰд˾ʸҪԸλһССĲ顣
ƵǰЦЩ飬ѧķʦķѶʱƵ飬ֻҪǩ֣ʱǧ껹ֻ꣬ҪΥϵԼⷴɣΪʧ;٣ʴ֮ʹֱ֮ա
λ˶˸ս㤵ؿϡ
ΪʲôܹԼЦݣ˵ôµĻ
Ϸδ˾䣺Ҫλħģ˲١
ˣ
ǲǻԼġ
̫Ͽ˵
ܵ˵ǰʲôδԸɣ
˵Ĳ飬ô飬òʲôɡ
ϵЦѧǵظЩɱɱ̫ѪȵĶ˵Ĳ飬ѧѧƣֻһͨĿ˶ѡ
һ̣вμӹڿ˵ĵӶ˲λǿֲһǧ⡣
ɽԸ
ЦݣȻƬ̣
¥йĽãһ·߲С¥ĺ󷽣ȵߵѧ
һ޴ɽڣڳ쿪ֱ۲ŶԵɽڵ״أһ൱ƽֱ̹ƽ棬Ѱɽѳƽ棬ӦǱΪġ
ɽԼĪʮɣʮɣһͬ޴Ļڸסʲô
ϿɽһۣקסĻĩ͵ֽĻ
˵һĻչǰ
һɽڻ
⾳ħ޲Tɽ
ϵֲݰºѩ֮ɭ
Ϥȥһ⡣
һǧǰĴĵͼ񿴣ЩƣȴҲкܶĲͬ
εòĲҲ̸עĿǱڻһЩǴδĶ
һĺйʮת˲ִȫĴ͵㣬ϸ֮£һϸܵķ䣬Ͻţһԣͬϸܵͷص
ֻϸܷ֣һϸǵʱֻгε
ʻʵ̫һֻܿ۵Ķ
ԽԽֱڻϵϸ̫࣬ĴУСѧڸӦٷԺϤ˽ȥ
̫ʷһĻ֪ΪΣͻȻȻ¡
ʵ⡭ɽͼ𣿡
ҡҡͷⲻɽͼûɵԸ


117 ѡ
ʱٿ, ƽƽԼþȡ
ϴȡһѾǳϤּд˺ܶĹ, ѧĴкͷչ˼롣
ȥЩˣƺ˷ġ
ϽⱾݵǰδ֮ԸȫⱾ֮Уʱȥǡ
˻ĵıڻ֮ûܻع
۽ӹ, ̫ʷæشȥ, տڶҳ͸ߺؽͨĴּûգ
Ҳشȥϰ
ʶҪ⣺ԭҲǰģһǧǰ˶ٶ
֮вֻй룬ÿҳ涼оܵͼֽ, ĵظ˲ͼ⡣
۰˰üģѧԺռнͨȫйȫάռѷ۲վ, 絥ͨ޲, λ
Ȿɽ, ʵǰ漸ˣľǰõ𣿡
ǻֻ븴ʱѰ
ƽʱϵǰ漸Ҳ˰, йάռѷ۲վⶼʲôⶼһģ
ʮ侲ǲ̫ģѧõ, 񶴸ٶȻصģȺܻ뿪ȥġ
֮ͨ, õɽĴ, ѧѧ, ᾡȫ㡣
˾Ƭ̣֪˵ʲôá
ȫѾΪ֣صĳŵ
ǰæЩĿҲ̫˼ˡ
ϳĬ˰ΣתʵкܶණһǧǰѾڽˣֻǺΪϽ罻ս֮ٵĵܶ鶼ֹΪЩ䵽ϽУȫˡ
ˣǸղſЩڰ깤
ƮƮģû̫仯ȴ˸о޶˵رˡ
ǧǰݽߵĻ֮£ǶڰڽЩɡ
ôõ껹
Ǹʱ俼ǣԸģʱǩ顣
ǩʸ飬ǲûͨ鲻ЧλԷġ
ɨԴһۣ˵йıҪݣΨһİ취ǲμǰ˵ǸС顣
ѧ֮пõĽúУв٣żôãѵи΢ЩĵطϢ뵽Ǹ⣬󲿷˻һҹߡ
ҪҪܣǽܣܲһжδ֪
У֮Уֻƽһ˯һ
һ磬ƽһȺȦͬǣɵҡͷ
Ⱥ濼ܲ
ͺһǸһ
ȥĺܿ죬ƽԭΪ˴Ӧôյ峿кüҵϡ
üԼһȺˣͷ۵ôǣ¶Ҫ֣𵤾Ķ
ڳΨһһ𵤾̫ʷ޹ǹ𵤾ôˣΪǶҸߣڳ˭Ҹ˽ǰûǹȥ𣡡
ͬһ԰ǻصͷ
ζؿһȺСԼǰ죬οǸпľС
ЦһʵǺˣǸɲɡ
ƽʮֿ϶ܹǰĴдȥ̫һҲûźˡ
磬ʦͬԵ֡
ԭ³㣬в֪գʦҪһ棬ɳһ䡰СʦءͰˣִҪ
л֪ΪҲһˣƵһˣ֪ĻΪⳡר
ƽԶԶ⿴һȺһ߶һ߽˲ĳأźʱݲʵ㲻ȥ𣿡
ƽһ̯֣Լ⣬ȥ𣿡
˵ˣĿģֲΪЩ
˭Ҳû뵽ϿһɵС飬δ
ѧǿ˰ڵĺܶطǿɳ롢ѧϰ˴ʼյ
ƽÿղȺ֮УŬԼҪ̫ۣȥ˶û
ԼȵͷʱڵȵǸ˵Ϣ
ѧĵڰҹƽӵһܡ
ʱѧȵֱȥٲĺɽ
ٲµĺ֮лһʢţлһӣȡҡ
¥
ƽ²ãһĵ
ˡ
ûлشֻ¶ЩţŬ򶨵ı顣
¥ƺĳطˣЦҪ£·Ѿˣ·߾ͿԵ
䣬ƽоֱ۴ʹһ
ȻÿһֱϾֳ˷·ϸ̹ĺۼƾֱϿһѪܵ·ߡ
ƽ侲ʵҲȥô
¥ЦˣӦҵǲأԻ֪ͼ˳ֱϣġ
ƽϵ˴ܡ
΢Цָ¥һʡ
̵ķȻôá
С¥ܺá
ʱѧ֮Ѿûʲôˡ
ʵ֪Ϊʲô¥ѡա
ѧΪܵķ󷨣ƽղѲӣǱʮţͨȥнѧѧɵ˲ڡ
ƽҪֱϵĵͼҲ֪һӻʲôط
·ѧ֮ƫƧһ·ƽǰ춼ô˾رܿеķ󷨺Ϳеļ󣬴ȵһ·ߵ˺ɽٲǰ
ԶЩĵطٲͷˮ
ҹɫףʱϢʱ̡
ƽûпѡ˸Զؾ룬ʢ
üٿȻһţ˼΢ѹܸܵѹ˿ѹƹ
ѹʮϤ
꣬
ҼǵãӦǺɽյʱ䣬֪λҹǰΪ£
ˣǴ˿̱ӦԶһнѧϡ
֪ΪҹɫΪΧ
˿̵һǰºͣĿ絶ƽɱ֮
ƽһ˲תԡ
Щ죬ǲɱȫ¶ϵǰ


118 ɽս
Ͽ˶Ƭ, Ϥǿҡ
ü͸¶Ų䵭ƽºͣ¡γƺ
ƽϱʵΪҹˣ
ϵĿԽƽ, չ꼡
ĪΪ仨
ƽָĦƬ̣ûǽһǲʱһԶĽŲ
Ȼġ
ȵڲԶ¥ȵ, ȵһͷ, ¸ҹɫҲܼܿӰһԣѹ
, ȥ¥ͥŲ̴ò
¥΢Цƻٶ, ѵƾѵĻ, ôŹ
¿˿, пѧôãܻһ, ǰһ
ϣ
ƽԥҪҪ̯ƣ߱, һ¾û˸ղŵľ
˶ϲŲæиĵĹ, ô̵ʱ, ˵ժ, Ǻ
¥ЦеǶĽ˾˶ժ仨ֻ˰æˡ
ƽ˫ֻ£ӿһһһĶԻڽ¥ժֵоŪˡ
꼻лµӣǶ֮һ
ͬĸ壬ƿظԵ
⣬ʣһΪҪĺĿ࣬ĵӡƳɣеĹҲƽеĿꡣ
ߵһֱѧУѧĴɽƹܡ
ƽļǰ˵Ĺϵͦģ֪Ϊλһߵڣ¥ѧͨˡ֮
Ϻ¥˭ûзƽֱӡһƬ껨Ļ·˳
ƽϾһԿţ˾䣺Ѿȫʢˣܿͻлˡ
ͬʱ
¥Ŀһ֣
ĻȵһͷĺӰܶѹһĺҹ¸ѤõӰת˲䣬Ƭͳױ¥˰Χ
¥ЦѧķһĻһΣ㽫ѧʱҲ޸˷󷨣ϣͬʮ꣬أµķ󷨣ôƲˡ
ǰһĿⶸȻһӣö˵˱غΧȥ
ֻһվ˵İΧȦ֮УȻźͷȥƽվͬһƽϣ˵ֻ֮ңʱͣ˽Ų
ϾƬ̣˵ͷ˵öԡ
ͬʮ꣬أ֪Ҳͬ˽㡣
¥΢΢üһۣʶһЩ⡣
ʱѧ֮ѧӶѾϢˣǱʱҲûĶɶѾΧˣΪβˣ
¥ʱžãҹѧЩڰˡ
ΪΪԼǱʱ˷죬ûоѧˡ
ڿˡ
¥ϣ뵽ˣ
΢΢һЦ£ת˲䣬ԭ޹ĺɽͻȻʢĹâ
ǹߴ˷·վܶ͵ɽϣԸ߶͵ĵ𣬽Ψһһ͵յͬ硣
¥ȥ⽫ﻷɽͷĶˡ
ѧѧճѧ[ػ˾װÿǰһŷҹǧƵķβȼķ
ѧѧɽ䣬ڸߵʹķ𱳺¶˫۾ӸµȺҹĲ֮͡
ȻǿϮ¥Щʵۡ
Ц˶꣬ڵȵ»صģȵһȺߣôŹôõĻᡣ
Ŀޱƶֻǰչ¶ƽһѧɽ¶ѹȵһ档
ȲŹᣬ֪һŹ㣿
ϵ鳹
񽻴˭ûгĬͬʱ̧֣ǰžŷβųķ
Уѧͬŷǵɽһƴ
ʯ䣬֪һķϮ⧲ⳡҹеļս
˫Ƿ޾Ӷ࣬¥ǰŷѸ˳ȥȼ˲䣬һޱػӿĻϮֻǸʼ䵲ںһŷѸײڶ֮ȼմ۵׹ڷ֮֡
治ɫߺһѧѧķ󣡡
ͬʱָһö˳ȥ
εɽƺм䣬ͬʱž֮ƵѸ͵£ɽӭȥ
Ѹء
ŭ벻ɽ
Żһը죬ǰԺں˯еǡ
˶˯֮оѣãȻ󣬷׷ѭķѰȥ
ͬʱҲʼڰˡ
˵׹ԼʱֵĸɫյĺڴòɿĻս֮Уɫź꼵ķ͵Ǳȥ
ͬʱѧӵѾɡ
һȺٸײһĻ
ͬκζ˽󶼲ͬȺǼĵһ
ĹκεĶ˽󶼲ͬǷ޵Ķ˽󷨻۲ͬӺ󷢻ӳǿǽ޵Ľ󣬸վλ͵Ĳͬ仯ܹӳͬеЧһ⣬Щ˽ÿ˶ƿۼ
ǰķȴȫͬ
еѧӶƿһŷһŶѡ
һŷС˵ƿеķƺ΢Ĳ𣬸Լ˵ƿƯڿУһŵķƴһһźСķƴһɿɰľ޴
·Ǹڽ󣬶Щѧӣÿһʣͬһ
ž޴ķȥ紵ڿ΢΢ҡ
Ŀ΢ָ£
޴ķǵصŵϵĵǹȥ
ǾһȺǧǰǸԻͲϹͯǰѤõĶ̫أ´κһʵ˲䡣
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ƽؿ¥һۣ̯޹ֻǸ޸֮ĵޣﲻʲôæ
Ա߿ֵǣ
˭ƾһ֮Ǵһ·ġ
޸֮ĵޡ
˭Ű
¥֮һҪҧ飬ĿЦȺ߽뵽ؾвμӲ飬ʥıӻҲڴʱϿҸ׵شѧϣ㻹ôִԽ
ңͲɽĴжȴȫȥὫЩˣԶѵûһҪصģҪ֮𣿡
֪ǲʶԼƣ¥鶼һ˲ŤǻˣѾˣҪĿĵεҪϷصͻᷢеĶ
ָһԹսǣЩˣܷİɽĴнǺǸһǧʱ䣬ûоǧǰʹôЩдʲô
¥˻ƣŭǽΪһ˽ѰƸΪķѡ
ƿԣĿȷʵ
ҲҲǡ¥ЩɽҲǣҲǡֱġ
㱨˳𡣡
ޱ侲ؿǰֿȴ۵ˡ
ôѧһֱǶ˹ִͬơ
ٶǰ¥ѧһȺŷѧɽͷλɽͥ
ʱ˶ں˾ʲô޷صìܡ
ʵҲ㲻ǵìܣϡ
ɽҪЩغãδȥ
һֱҪɸƴѰҴ춴صĵķ
ҲҹշתΣȴֻһۡ
˭뷨ûд
ɱΪʵԼ˽ȥķӡ
ѧվԤУ
վһա
ɱҶǻǸѾĹȥˡ
ָĿƽᶨȼķ֮ͫӳһöǻ
ǲġ
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ԭȻЩԥ¥˵һŻ˿
ѧһѧӣѧʱоˣŸѧӣʦѧĳΣһǧҲֻʣˡ
ָᵯɵطǰڿУԼռ䶼Ťˡ
ĵƣҵĵơ
Ȼ˭Ҳ˵˭ͺǰһʵӮ
ƽԭһֱеΧսѧЩ˴Ľοڿ˫ͬʱóŷüһӰһ嵽м䡣
֪һ۵ڵϵ֦֦ĩβ̵Ҷӡ
ͥŲߵмվһ˵ӣ¥꣺
֣ƽĬĬ¥һʡ
Ӽ浽ڣѾ֪˶ٱˡ
Ͽ֦ģ֪ΪΣͻȻ©һġ
ʶߵŮϵϤдӺζ
ܶǰɽǷʱͰʰϵ֦Ȼõľ֦
ۼɽմī֦ƾܹһŲ˼ĻЩȿǻҲǷ
Էӡ
Ͽŷ̲סЩƽĿЩ㶡
֪ɺϻǹ⣬ȷʵɽ
֦Ȼش棬ƽ߶ʱĴ£վмҲ࿴һۣתźĵķȥ
һںȻʢţ¹֮¹¸ࡣ
ƽעƬ̣ü΢Զ˵ȴĵطЦ
ɽǰǹ༤ĽͣЪķʱҰ˲Ϣӿ̼䱻춯ļ
Ψǰٲˮһ˲Ͼ
˻ҵĻ֮УƽȻÿһ˶ˣ仰ǸǶ˵һޱȵ
һ֦ϵһ֪ʲô״һͷӹȥغ̻Ƶ˲ųѤõĻͬʱ˵ӰҲΡ
ڶ֮ǰȵ»᲻ᱻ̵
۵Ļ֮УϺ񻹴ǿʼסᣬųͿԵʮǱ
˶һ£û뵽ﻹˡ
ƽʮֻ۵һ£λ졣
˵꣬ŤͷϺ¥ĵʵ֪𣿡


119 һ
ʶȺڶ֮дһǧǻЩİ
ƽָָ, ǳĵؽ͵ϽλڴĵĴ֯ʱѡʵʿɵ㻯õ, ڴĵλȻ
仹û˵꣬ϵɫ㳹׳ѿ
ѧѧӶδɽ¶˿µı顣
ϣ¥ͬˡ
˲û˵һ仰ȴޱĬͬʱͣ֡
һգ۵Ĺ, ǰòɿ, ɽҰѧѧӣ¥ߣϺ¥, ͬʱȥĿؿˡ
ҹΪǵĿɫ·һȺ¶צҰޡ
졭ǡ
뵱Ƭ֮ߵ죿
ϻҲ, Ҳ䡣
񻹴Ǻû뵽ԼôͻȻر, ڽݡ
ڼϽ, ƲȺµ½֮ˣ־дɵ֮, Ƕû̫š
ڴĸŶ꣬ȻӡѾڴߵּϿ˵һЩµ࣬һʱȴҲ޷ȫת뷨, ɻʶؾ쳬Ȼ⡣
±˹ɿԹȺ֮С
ż֮еȴȫͬ
Ⱥһǧǰ, һǧǰս, ֪ʲô
Ƕ첻κξη, еֻǿ̹ǵѪ
ؿˣһԲӹУ顣
ٿȻ䣬ѧ
ܵķ󷨴ѧɽһ·̳ɽǽ£ɵ߿գѧȺɽҲȫ䣬ʵʵؽѧرͬҲΪһܲ͸ֻҪϲ룬ѧ֮һֻӶɲȥ
¥㵵ʲôʱ½һ׷󷨡
ƳһۣЩˣС¥Щ󷨿εˣѧʱȫû
¥
ˣյʰϽˣƵķ󷨾ϵġ
ϵһһûɡ
¥ͷ㡣
˵˵ķ䣬ƺûκμɵŭѡ
񻹴Ц½֮ˣ֪ҵɴ£˿ڳԣΪɥ֮Ȯһⶴһǧꡪ
δ䣬һ£ûκ֣涼֮ɫ񻹴ǶܼʱֻҪݺݳԵ
󡣡
Ըأػ׽ֱӴ
һѧӵһʶɽĶѸٷɢٶȽһ
εķ֮ǰǸҪӿ󣬴ʱ·ҪضڱΡ
޴ķ֮ʱ˲Ϣ仯εˮīڿţһˮīɫľ˺ݺն¡
Ī֪ǰѽü΢
Էƣ̫λСƺˡ
ɽӺߣٶȱ仯ѧʮرͣطĸ䣬һĽǷﶬʱľ޷º󣬾ʮΧ
һ֮˾ɽµĽ󣡡
ƽ۵Ҳһ˿⡣
Ľ󣬱Ǹ˷󣬽С
Ӱ䣬Ϻ¥һһ׷˵·
ǰű֮ΪƵķ֮еĵһƮǰ
絶ң룬оɽΡ
϶ðЩ΢·ŷѾǼ׵飬ת˲֮䣬˻ɽּ侪ػһһײ˵ʶ
ҹַס
¥ӵеͬĵ֮һ
ͷ¥õһŷ
֮£ɽ̣ƺصʧ
еĺХǿңжһּǿҵѹȸУƺʲôĶ϶
ԭ͵ȴεķ絶˺ǴĿռ䣬һɲĿռѷ졣
û
ս֮£ڳ׿ܣǰܵĻеһӣʵģɢĹ󣬰ںģ·ڵȴȥժ
˿һĻӦǿƣ
񻹴һһѪĵʶ£ת˲䣬ΪʼǣԼ˴˾ļޣ˵ɹıԵ
.ͬӰ񽵿ܵʵ
Ͻ.ƣҲ޷ӳȫʵ
񻹴ͻȻֵĵɹѹ˶Ϊ֮һ
ȴԥسǰڶŵƼɢǣ񻹴ǲ¡
һԲֻ֪ܹս˾㵵ط֣ԭ⿴ƽ͵ŮӾǸɹǿߡ
˫սңһһٴεĽ֣˸ûκεʱȥһӣ䣬˵ϣǲʶԭѾˡ
һҹԶûн
ս֮ʱصͻȻ˾޴춯űǾҵĵضһ˲˵Ľ
һ侲϶ˡ
Щŵص૵Ǿͨ˿ˡ
ڴ˿̣չ⴩͸Ʋ½ԣƲƺȫɢϴ쳹չǰ
ͬʱֵģ֮ǰᵽʥ
ʵһۼĵãеĽƳɣڲõչ֮ҫ۵ЩĿ
ʥ貵ʢ֮л䣬д֮
ѧ֮е⧲оԼڵƽڲסزֱǴ֮лŷ֣ʥ䣬ڵĵ
ǰԶĵȻݣɢȥ¶ص׵İҡ
Ӱҵĳڣһֱͨʥݳǰ
ȻվżǾȻãȻˣǰԸϿ̵ȥп˵һȺˡ
𾪵ؿǰҵĳֱܿرţһ·ϣֱִʥ
һƬǽ壬˶𺳵˵ֻܴǵ貵Ľɫ
Ĺչⶼǹ
ǲ壡
񶨸ڿľϣŲ
Ⱥ֮УԴӽżһֱδйĺǾڴ˿ͬʱߵݡ
ˣ
೤צ˳ƶصǸϵŮӡ
ߡ
սЩһ΢СĶȴðеǸܵǿҵľεۡ
ϿǧǰһЩ׵ļ䡣
񻹴ǵĿȴֱʥڲķָ¶ɫĵطϣ쿴
Ż񣬿Ƕ֮󣬷˾ǿ࣡
Ǹɫı˵ʯ̫Уͬ棬ÿһ涼ŸӵĹ䣬ÿһ߶ⲿӿǣ֮еÿһ䣬ÿһÿһرɽӵĺ
΢΢ţÿ΢ĲӦ˵ĺ
ࡣ
ϲɶƵزܿ죬һ̷ͬö衣
ʵǵñ񻹴ǻҪ£˲˵ɹڣɲѹǹˣҲɫһס
޵ƺһռصĹһգ۵ĹѴʥΧ˲Ƶǿǰ
еצ˫Ŀ΢УƵ˻𣺡Ͻˣ㣡
һȵϢ·̵ҽϣʵɹҲضá
̫ʷ𺳵Ⱳûôɹ鶷
˵ͱлһߡ
߶սľضڽ±ȺɹƵĶ
ͬȺ֮Уȴһˡ
һ˲еʥм俴ȥǸ˹Ȼźȥͻϵķߡ
צɫϢϿµѹγ˷֮ͥƣĿһһöָ״С壬촷ۡ
˲䣬ϵʱˡ
òǰ˵ӡ
ѹˡ
֮ǰɹѹǰǿᣬ͸¶ŷ豹ļ򵥺ӡ
򵥵ѹȴֻһֵ̧Ķ˲佫צѹȥ
˷֣ƺվĳӰǸӰλΡ룬޶˵ؾһַĵĿ־ͳƺҪʾܹ֮
ڳ˶ʶ޷ʤˡ
ûκοܡ
צз˻֮һ˫ĿѪ
ϳˡ
צؽҧһһɡ
㻹
ϱӰȴƺûнָڿϣľ޴Ҫ۶ϡ
סצ˼򵥣ڽѵһµСӡ
Ϸ·屻ʲôռݣƻٶϣе׽ȴ̧ʱоһָǯסԼĶ
Ŀãʶػͷȥ
һߵŮӲ֪ʱʰϣҲվԱߡ
ϲ֪ΪΣһ˿ȵΣУԸȥʺεĺġ
צʹ˻𣺡
һĻ񳹵ŭצɫӰǣҪǹĻƴȫǳƺͬھļơ
ϱӰЩӡ
Ӱ΢΢ϣŴߵŮȥƺҪץסӰȴ˸գŮƮƮط
Ͽã֮гһ˿Ȼ
Ůӵָںһ¡
һĻ
ټĺɢҵĳɫâȫذסţһĺɫڡ
һеķֻڶ̶һ˲֮䣬˭ûзӦ
Ļ뵽УȴûκεķӦǻع鵽ԼıһȻ
̨׵͵̧ͷǸ˼Ĳ²ˡ
צصĹâײʱŮժߣתӭצ
С
˵һˡ


120 ɽһ
еĽ͵һ˲, ʼסز·ʵڲǰĶ
ժߺ
ⱲӶǵ
ƽһָڴߣ΢, Ǳڡ
֮İš
߻ᶮ
ȻӴĽɫۿɼСˣһ۵Ľâɿƽ貵Ĺâƽ
צβһɨƽڷ, ߾ƶ, Ӱ
ߵʱԴŷŭӿϢ·Ժͷ˻
ƽվƵ, ЦǸɱˣôˡ
öʱ, ͬʶûиܵκʶ, ûбƿ©
ɲû, õģӦǱɰ, ˵
߲Ųôࡣ
ֻ֪޵Ǹ˵Ϣ
Ҫڡ
ɫľڿצս, Ϣӿʥ˲䱻ⶳס, һ󳹹֮
쾪ȵطԼ಻֮ʹȻ˲١
ɵƺϳƽ, ӰʵЩ, ϵ壬̲סüͷ壬նʹࡣ
ƽ΢ȵŶǸǵܻķЩ˼
ȡصӡƽоԼʱһȵֳ嶯Ҫͷų
ЩпԼ
Ѿܶûչˡ
µѹϷϱӰγ˷֮ͥƣ漴ۿɼٶȸǹɵӰȫڡ
ɵѾ֪еɹķ롣
˴˿̶ѾûΧ۵飬ֻһַĵĿ־ͱҸط
̫Ӵ˶ʼֲʵ֢״ͷĿѣ·شһۡ
ۿᣬ۾ǰ֧˽磬˿µѹԳ֮£Ҳѽ˶úñ
꣬ȴоԼϲʵĸоЩ
Ǿȵ̧ͷȥȴоһ͵űǰһת˲ǾѾ뿪ʥվѧĵϡ
ֱʱǶûл
ߵɵӰƬȫڱΣ֮һƬ޹⡣
ʱ˿̣֮廹ӱصȫͷգܵϤ
Ϸɭ֮УľݵıУչüĴ֮£վ˹
ߴ׳˶ڱѩ֮ĬĬעⳡµĶΪ׵ǸĬãȭ͵شؿڣһƵŭ˷ͬȺХ
·ַͨʽӭӴ˵˵Ĺ
ǵüǧǰѪ֮˺󷢳ʵŭ
֮еĸ嶼ĬŶʥȥͬһƵǨͳݡ
¥˰üģ
ⶴ죬ˡ
ߣһĨէ֣ϵЩԶòУֻԼʲôصƽС
ƽƽעǰɵȼһŻ棬īתţʼգδʡ
ǰըһص죬Ǹʼ˿еӰˡ
򡣡
һһػ֣ЩӰ·˹
㾹š
ƽ̧ɨһۣüмλѵĸұ
һȺѾ״ס˵ˡ
ǰһת䶼̫ͻȻǸӦͱЩ𺳵Ĳ²⣬ȴҲ롣
ڣ֣ϵǾ仰
Ǹͬһ·ˣ
ƽ΢أڸղһ˲䣬оĳʶԽֱͨﵽ
ɣˡ
ǰ뿪ĺ쵽
ɾĬƬ̣ǷһЦǧǰ˵Ǿ仰
ָɽʧܱ֮ʱ˵Ǿ仰
ֻҪ㳼Բظһ
ƽ۵׸ްĹ󣬵Цɴˣһ䣬ڱ˵ĵϣôżΪ
ĿرɵӦˣλЩǡ
Цһɨһ۴һԵ񻹴ǣָ֮ǰɽӵķǸȤһΪɽͼ
ҡҡͷȻЦţȴ䡣
ɽͼ͸λļˡ
ģʶֱͬīûܿЩʲôֻʼ΢΢Ӷ£ת˲оԼ·ʲôС
ƽĿרעƺʲôܹ
£һʻĻ𽥳͡
ǻǻŵġ
ɽ£ľǬԶӿϢĳӣҰϲãԭҰ磬ͷβεȼĴ̣Լеǡ
Ц֣ڿ
ڻš
·һЩѾǧǰ˺£Ǹǧǰڻ
ƽͣʱѾ쿪׺ͶıԵ
˿Լ·ֵһ֮УЩǴ߹ȥȫܲǵĴڡ
֮еÿһ飬СĲľƽ
ܸܵһжÿһ
ڵĵطͬҲǻеĿУҫ֮£ա
ƽʼ΢ڻе̫һʡ
̫ƺٿһ㣬ֱֱӽɵӰûȥմ
ʢĹâϵ.ҲһɣӰһͬʱɻҡ
ɽͼ
κһҲһŷ

һЩǿʿڵɹʱӵԼ
ɽͼͬеɹɽͼͬʱһ硣
ǸѾһǧǰӡǸ磬Щˣһͬȥ
ɽͼҲ硣
һ֮УɴӵϢ֮͵۾۷Ĵʹ
ʶסۣȴоʪĸоĵ¡
ͷһµѪء


121 ǧع
ɵӰױ, ɽͼīҲûˡ
ǧ֮һ̬˵ǰ
һ˫ѾٵСŮǣŴǰ߹ӰЩóī, ȴʻķ·ˡ
ȥָСŮཱུϵ¡
оԼָƮƮ˿û뵽СŮУͷһۣ¶һƵЦ, ǣĴҲ¶һƵЦݡ
Щܾջ֣ǹꣿ
ϳ½, Ƴһۣ͵ֻɽͼǧǰļ䡣
Ϊʲô۶, һŵģ
ȴûٽͣǿϵǸˡ
Ϊʲô
ΪɽͼеҲãľҲ, 鶼˵
ղСŮķӦ, ҲֻɽķӦѡ
Щζ, ɽȺǧСҲͦõ
˵䣬е, һɫˣʢĹâڸ֮£ϵǸϷʲôֻܿɫ˲Ϸ, ʱͬһ֮ع
Σ, Ҵǻѧ
˵תͷȺ, ȴȺûһ, ȫ뱣ͬĶͷеĽƣ˵𺳸໹Ǵ͸ࡣ
ǰ𣿡ƽ૵һ
ϵЦǲ׶𡣡
㶵ˣҲǾòʵ
ﶼһѵʣڴ˿ȫ𺳳嵭ˡ
ƽ²֪뵽Щʲôһͷ߿ѩ
ǵãǺǰڲǵĵһμ棬ԷΪѩ˵ԼܵСʦõİв
Сʦãѩǰ
ƽ¸оԼѾˡ
ŵشչȥüײײѩ֮ǰ֪𣿡
ѩƵشﴫ֪
Ǹŵӡ
Դɵ˰죬һһл
ɽɽѧɽ
һʼδڹݣǴ󷽷ر·
ֻû뵽
û뵽
Դͷѩںƽ˽պ޲ѡ
һѾѾӰˣ֪գͲΪȥ
ҲãҲգֵôĴۡ
Դ˼⣬˴򽻵ôδҺԺĶӣʲôʱеĽ顣
ʱи൱ˣһڵӹеؿȥ
û뵽ǣ̫ʷûʧֻ̬ǰվԭأĿԶؿգ·ҪһĻĵס
Ī֪ĵ˿ĵû̫ܶˡ
еĽƷٳδݣɵӰΪ촷ۣ񻹴ȴһԭء
˽񻹴Ǵߣ˵ǧδˣֻкܶ໰Ҫ˵һʱˣʱɰɡ
˵ϣҲ£ƶظһ뿪ʥصѧ
һȺ˸ɢлɢɢĶ֮˸ˣͷȴ̫ʷվԭûж
ǰ̫ʷļ򣺡ʦܣȥˡ
ȴû뵽ָһ̫ʷļصȥ
л£æ̫ʷסŵôˣ
Ⱥ֮УһٲݸҽǰΪ̫ʷ̽꣬һѾûʲô£̫ˣһ¾ȥˣȻͺˡ
£࿴˵ıָ
Ī֪
ȻܶһûʲôԣҲҪÿζô˰ɡ
ȺɢȥеĽȴŨЩӵϿ·̫ڻ̽Ũ̽ڿʳƲ㣬
ϵֻƳԼʱǧĻ
ȴȫô¡
ƽӰڿнϵܣһֱײĽɫӰһһε£ȵȣ㵽ţ˾ײ
ŵѾСצɫڿţΨ̽棬һ˫ԲĿƽӰ׼ʱ͵̽ȥƽݺײȥ
һŭĵͺ
ڳ֪仰ڿߣƭӣƭӣôƭң
ƽʲôʱƭ㡣
ô˵ŭŵҪƬƹȥ˵ҳٳ޷뵽ս׶ΣΪкԼڣԼγ˾ѹƣƾֻܽԼ
ҪҽԼʱô˵ģŭʣ˵ƾǾµ޽ԼƾѾˣǶ˵ˣ
ƽһûƭ㡣
ؼ֮ȻͲñκǣ֮ԼȷʵӰ쵽ƾ
£ŭΪ仰һЩ߰Ե˵㣬Ծɱŷŭ̬ߣҪȥңǴӱ˿Ѷģ
ƽĬΣЩһѾߣ˶ɽٷĴ㣬׼ȥġ
ûеΪúûټ档
Ȼطһһǧꡣ
ֶ£ʣģû㶪һȥ
ƽ㿴飬Ͽҵǧȷ
ŶڵأԱŤһ󣬸ֲ̬֪뵽ʲôٶ̧ˣ㻹žȻң
ƽԼǴһ.ѹģǸϸ٣־ǧ֮ңҺòװΪм仹һˣ˶Ϣ̾͸Ϲˣ⻹̣
ּˣ˭˭㣿
ƽ侲ⲻص㣬Ѿˡ
صʲôƵʡ
ƽЦ£֣صǣҴˣԺ󲻻һˣ֣صǸ
ԣҪҪԭҡ
޴Ťһԣβͼȴĵش˾ŤƿԼŤһ޴Ľɫ黨
Ӳ˵ţ˭Ҫԭ㡣
ȴǳʵػ̬
ʧתһڷŮڿС
Ůͷߣȴܽʵһͷڷ٣һ貵ĽɫͷϹҫ۵ķΣļ±֮УҲۿɼС
Ӹ߿Ծ£ɫСڵƵ͵ƽص˵żһЩԵһͷƽؿڸɺ
㻹ţ̫㻹š
ƽᣬԴǰţúúõġ
Һ㰡
ƽظߵĺɫҲ롪
˵һ룬Լմ˽ɫĩƣһѾ˵˶ٴ˰ԼȾɽɫƤãһƬ˵ͺô죡
һ˲ֱܿ׳ɫÿɫ͸ǽɫġ
ƽ˵Щʲôһҧ󣬺ݺҧһӡʼ˵Щ硰Һ㰡֮
˵˻ƽףһǧ겻ôѧҧˡ
ӿʱƽϹ˸ιҼ
߽ȦסۣƵģ˺ܴ
ƽε㣬ֲˡ
˵仰䵽ϣֵϵȺѾɢˣֻһߵǵǡ
ժߣ¶ԼƯ׽ɫĳһ˫̵߽ͫסƣ¶޹ı飬ʵ
ˣĳ𣿡


122 
üëһ, ָԼʲô¼Ψһ, г
ɨһۣŲƽϣ̵˵ŶǾ衣
Ҳû
߲ţ¾Ҫȥݺúñ۱ۡ
Ͻסߵĺ󲱾, СĳȥСһᡣ
ʶʲô, ͵ػͷߵȻ㵽˭
ƽ
ϣԼ˿ȷʵеࡣ
ƽһ, ΢ЦŸԼ
ûϵС档
һ˫ܣС, ǵ, µǿ, Ӧûӡ󡣡
ͷһ˦ʲô֦ǵá
ǵáָѿ, ȴʲôתͷȻ㵱ͷѪιôѪιô
û˵꣬ƽ㬱˻ȥ
ȴͷ, СŲƽߣƳһ, ƽֱ, ֣ص˵Һõ, ҲѪ
ƽСָ˹Ҷͬ
ǡƽܣ̽ͷƵؿŵݣҽߣǧǰֱڣΨһ壬Ļ顣
ǿˡ顱֣ͼԼĵλ
ƽŽԼֵߺԼֱߵĵݡ
֪ΪΣܸоӺ֡

ƽٳûг֣һȺѧ֮ǳը˹
æҵƴ̫ʷ棬һɵ˷ͣ˷ȫǣǰţҾȻۿǰˣҴ޺ˡ֮Ļѧ֮оߴ·ǵѹ˷ܵĵͺͻ
ѩ÷׺ͺ˲վȵϣͬʱʵ֪
ͬʱĬ
һҲûƽȥ૵һֱŵǸˣ˭֪¡
̫ӣڳһ侲ɣ±ԣȴѾ̲סȵⲽɽѧΪգҽһͨôû뵽ء
ѩο£ܻõɡ
ժµƬ۾üģߵѩ̾Ϣѩ֪Ϊʲôȥ𣿡
ѩػ߲žô֪ң
ӽżʱʼմߣܹڸǵĶñ񣬾ͷУҲαװԭΪᱻϳġ
۾Ƴϵ˹󣺡͵Щʶ˵ط
ѩҲٶʣǵʵҲ̫ҵʱ˵ԼƽУƽźּﶼܶԵϣҾûлɡ
Ǹϲ̽Ѽ֮º˽ˣƽԸѾ꣬㲻ٶʡ
ֻû뵽ƽľȻһλµ
ѩԼš
ǰƽίס
뵽ѩܾùֵֹġ
ȴסˣ͵ػͷʵ˭ģƽ
ѩ׶ŪЩ⣬ãȻصͷ԰ƽ
ֻǰһ£ǰǸƵͷð˳
Ϊɽϵɫƽǳƣע⵽ɽġ
ͨӵֶɫˣдġ
صɫֻƽϼ
ڿ˼ƽĵһۣоһŨԤСǰˣǵǡ
Ǽ֮պҹɽͼǸһֵĵʱŵǾƽ
ƶڼºڲݼɽʱơ
ƫƫôɺϣϵɫƣֻһ˿΢Ĳ졣
ԭΪԼŪˡ
ʱɥһʱ䡣
С󣬺˫۾ûпˣû뵽˸ͷ
˼ɿתۣüͷԽԽ
ԭƽʶϵܣԲܱԼѡ
֮䡭ԭϵ૵
ǣѵֻϵ
ƽһͬó󷨡
ǰûʽǰùѧ½޷ԼѧɽһǸͨߣ޵Ƿ
վһƳںԺ֮оþòܵ
ƽ֮䣬նơ
ġֻɺ
ܾ滹ĳЩεԭ
ζԻ÷װ䶼ûȥ
ĽȵϣĻƵĲΪʲôΪʲôҪҵҪΪʲôء
Ƴ÷ס
ãַһ
ⳡķ粨ԶûͣϢ
ѧ֮УĪ֪ҵͷʵ̫ʷû
ˣŲˡ
Ī֪ü£ɻʲô˼
ȥһѾĪʦ壬Լɡ
Ī֪ǰ̫ʷֱ㶵ƴɵļ㴲ϣСӺͱʣĿֱ㶵ؿǰ棬޽ԣ㡣
Ī֪ʾ£ʦ壬
յ̫ʷߣ˵˾䣺򻹻š
̫ʷ͵ֱͻȻ˹󣬿ʼԼСϲ֪¼ЩʲôīﲻظĬţǰһ·ͬߵôôð
˸аƵġ
Ī֪̯֣
Ī֪ͷ۵ƲߣڰʾϽ̫ʷ߱ٸܶˡ
ԴڽǰͥԺⲽӰ쵽ҹ涼ɨһɶ黹ۿɼĽǣƽ˲١
µĲбԺѧӴյһһȺѧȻǧǰʲôԼô֮⡣
ĻΪرǵȵĲ򣬶ǵˡ
һȺڽչӻǺ壬Ӻɽıؾ֮·
ÿ˶ڵȴĳֱ֣ڶҹӰû
һһҹƽĺæ
ˣɵˣʣһ׽񻹴ǻеֵ
ѧûеΣɽһ䰵ٳʱѶҡ
ƽ߽ʱᵽһŨѪζ˸ڿ񻹴ǡ
񻹴ǱڵüңҪ֮Դ٣ȫĹͷˣǶѺԴֻȫѪģ
ϼ¶ɫɽӲúܣʱûʳõϢ
ƽڰ֣ûϵ
ڷ쵤ҩ뵽˻һ̡
ƿеһöɫǳصĵҩǰɫֻҪӭ⿴ȥͻᷢ˸ʵϣŸ
ιҩתͷϵʱԼ˵ġ
˷ܵӦ£ֵУ⼸Ҫ
ѹһѹ
ƽ򵥰źһЩʱˣ뿪Һ濴һϤӰ
¥֪ʱڰţƽ¶һڨЦɽ
ƽ¶൱ƵЦݣ
С¥
֣кСƵģ
¥ϻЦȴѾ˻
´ɽԼһЩʲô
вɽȥ͵ɽǵĻƷɽֱ̣ɽϸѧڶ롣
ɽ
¥̵ŲȥӶˡ
ܹ⼸·ŲҲǵƽǰ
ƽɨһۣղû˵ʲô¥ѾʮԾͨһ˫ϥء
л˵


123 ʧɢ
ƽ˿, Ҳ˵ֻ۷濴¥š
ɤ, ʼϴӷʡ
ɽҴˡ
ƽŶˣ
¥ʹҲö򡣡
ƽ˹شӽóһ֦¥ͷһҹѧɽҶʱɽҲ嵽м, һ֦
ʱ˼, û̫⣬ڿ֦һЩӰӿֳ
ƽȴ˵ûϵ, ֪߲
¥¿ˮɽ⣬ֵҲ÷֡
ƽ, ζЦ£ء
ðı

áø϶֡
ƽɫƽһֱ¥ϴ, ûȷıʾ, ¥ţһɨ, ¥ʶӦ˾䣺а
ƽЦúƣң
¥ͷ˵
ƽǸ֡
¥ȵڵϲ, ƽýż²ü򰡣
ƽ, Ӱ㶼ûг, ЩΪûгЩ
Ҫ, ¥Ѹ
ȡԼıʣ֣صƽ
ĺرر󣬲īѰëһĴС¥ıʴһѽܴؽԲЩˣֻòס˫ֲ֧ܽʻ
صıʣķʽȻҲͬ
Ѱʦ׼ձʵʱҪ죬ȼյʱҪ죬ҪڰƴСķֽ¶Ｘʮϰٵڵ㣬ľǾ׼֡
¥ôķʣǺѴﵽҪġ
ʹָ硣
¥ķһ֣ض磬ѰҪʮʦܽɷܻͼȼʾܹŷܴ˵Ƿ˵һ֡
ܶǰ¥ѧʱͲûѧʱʹ࣬ͬʱѧˣǵĶν뵽ΨڿĿİѧ
ƽһдòѧƷҲɾԼŵķ
ḧмƲǰ
˵ķС󣬶¥ԴС΢岨ؿƽûоʱ¶
Źڿַ֡ơ
ƽķ
һƽ͸ܵ¥Ϊ޼ǸչɹΪֻǾ粻ȹ̣
ƽǰһ֦ͥŲƵӶ¡
ѸپۼƲ㾹һ֦ɵķɢ
֦ļԲ֪ӺζһǿҵЮž续һεķ
Ƽգɢ󣬱
¥ܵƺʱѹѹĿڣһ˲᲻
һգ۵Ĺ֦žһĺϡ
أֻҴ൱׼
һһʹ¥ţվۼһ±ɢĻ϶жˡ
ţһ֦¥ƨϡ
˺ߣԼǿ
¥ֱţ˽£Χûбڣ˿Ȼһ̵ԺĴӴܣµɽܻܲط򡣡
ƽЦ£һһȥ
žһǳࡣ
¥žеˣͨһ£ʵʵ
ƽһޣ¥
ѧⳤһ׳ϰ֦ܰϰޣѧķΧһܺãײѧӶ֣Ƿʲô
ղ¥Լĵ㡣
ƽ꣬ɫ֪Ĵ𣿡
¥Сؿһۣ̽ҡѳѧ
ƽ̵صʵǱѧġ
ͦԼ
ƽˮһ¥Ҫصʵ
Ƕ֮Уʱ˻ģԤϣȥҲãϵļҲãûж
Ψðѧڲڵ
Ŀ˾֮УסŴ壬Լڲϣ浱һ飿
¥һݡ

ʥ֮йݺֱʧһһҹ
һȺ˴Ӱȵҹֵȵڶ죬Ѿ˿ܵļʱƽ˽¼ˡ
һȺȺģ˶ԣǻûôǿҵľнС
ȻҲвԱֳ˳ѰĽš
ƽסںɽջսٲ֮ϣǺܶǰٳһСԺĻӣмԷͷһ鷿һԺи׵ʯͤǰʱƽºһ衣
ǹƽЦ£̧ʾ
ǰ̬һʲôͬ
Ī֪ѵЩŵؿһۣһȺӼ״Ҳˡ
̫ʷ߽ʱ˳գ󻹾ò̫ʵ
ƽ̧裬ָһƣ̫ʷǰȱȲѹһѹ
̫ʷӹ豭޳תͷȥĨĨᣬֿʼԼСϷܱʼ顣
ǰˣ޺
ˣ
ȻѾϰˣľǺܶˡ
ͬоԱ̫ʷļһһҹʱ䣬΢侲Щû֮ǰôˡ
ں󣬳Ī֪еСĿƽͣƬ̺󣬿ʼн
Ī֪Ϊ˳棺ǰǰΪ£
ƽЦ·ͻȻǰ֮ͣͬˣҲֱӹݣǿλ
ⷬǶƽºͳ˵ġ
ڲǾͼ
ƽܳû뵽ȻΪСǽͺ͵Ǹ
²֪̫ʷƽºͳ㶼ˡ
һŵʵǰǰ˵ȰѩƽУƽʶģ
ƽ°иһøҵ
һһҹʱľ⡣
ɸе˳
ƽϵǻһʡ
еǸʦ̫֮
޷ͬʱͨ󷨺͵˴֮佻Ϊ˶Էصǧˡ
Ҫǡǳ̫ˡ
ƽҲ֪ع⳾ôǧҵһƵ塣
Ŷ˭롣
˵Щģɣû˸һ˵൱ҸȷʵЩԨԴʱΪһһһʱ䣬Ҳ;ڹһЩ뿪ûиκϵʽҲǰʱ䣬ǲطꡣ
ʱʶ꣬ǰЩӲطꡣ
Եƽ֮ûǰܣϾмֿꡣ
û뵽ܼٶȶһۣأСʦõһ
ѵСʦλʧɢף


124 һѡ
ƽ
벻Ŀ
ƽͬһ־㤵, ĸŮҲ˵ùȥ
һ¶һĪЦݣûг, ȴҲûֱӷϣǵǱǸΪӵĹϵ
Ȼûȫš
ƽûϾ̫ʱ䣬תսҪֳŵġ
ָڿһ, ˾, 赭дͽֻһռѷ죬
ռѷ죬һȺܵ, ǵռѷЩɡ
л΢ɽϵһ
ȥ˻ô
߰߰ɣǰֲẦǡ
ͷһһ˵ţ̫ʷѾԥ߽˿ռѷС
һδռѷĸо൱, ˶ЩͷĿѣ, ԲһЩŬסµĸо, Ÿվʵ͸о߿֮ϺХķϡ
̧ͷȥ, Լվʥϡ
һһҹʱ䣬ɻһ㶷ʥȻѾѸٵر޸ˣȥۼ
е̫ҫˡ
ǿ˿⸻ûʵʥ, ֿһȹƽܾʲ̫
ô, һ΢ЩСӰһ̵شܹ, ڵһƽ
һͷӲӵͷ, ͫ׶貵ĽɫͷϴĸɫΣһۿȥǲΪһߵɽǳ
˻£˵ľ飬ϢУСŮʱŮǸ
ֻûܰԸͷСû׳СŮ֮Ƶľϵһ
ƽһ·ʥ
֮ǰʥĹ⾰ȴû뵽һһķ䣬䲻󣬷ȥĿ塣
ƽǽ߲Ǹ䣬һ˾ͱ֮ⷿеĲˡ
ǸǽȫǶʽܵ鷿ܸߣѰ¥ҪһЩûӣƯһǳɫƶ䣬ڿƵĻεڿƽʮֿĵسתһȦ
ƽ£С̤ƣѸٴƯɣȴƽȡ
ܿ죬ƽճӡ
ϸǵģֻҪܹͨڰеĿ飬ͿԴʥ֮дϹʱĹС
ܽȥˣ棬ǰҡع⳾˵ĹУ֮УһҵռѾʧĵҵ伮һƵһЩǵˡ
ɹͨ˲˼ؿűһƷ͵ǰӣĿʣ桢ܴ߰
ƽЦ£ȻֻҪϵҪ󣬲ռ
ǵȻռ
ƽηԼ
˻˵Щʲôƽָһ⧲֮£ֽ³һռѷ졣
һתۼ䣬ֱͻѧ⡣
ֱľɫ˻ò˼顣
̫ǿˡǴӹµһ𣬼ֱ似
뿪ϴʥĿŵĸɫ鷿߳ʵ˪ʦʦĹû𣿡
Щ֣ǰɽ˵ĹϤãܹͨ飬㽫ŹжԷ
ɽȴֻȥ
ƽ΢һ˿ɫš
һԶƵϲɫ֣棿ɺãںδ
ðɣٻš
ѹ֣˪ʦţ⹦лǵԼȥȽϺʡ
˵꣬ͨ˵Ļһˡ
֪ƽҵ
ϵЦλСƺģҲѹ֣˵ĸоĺ񡪡
ƽЩƳһۣϣ⻰ԺĪҪ˵ˡ
κˡ
֪ʧԣ㬵ת˸⣺ʵ嶼Ѿ˹ˣδ㣿
ǵšƽհǼ£һ

ҹʰϣϡɫ
ƽɽͷǼ򵥵С磬߱ԭС壬ƽǿϴȥȾɫһɫСһƽͷͼƽߵλãûߣֻܲ޵ڲԶϣһƬҶţʵСص
Ųƽ̧ͷһۣˡ
ЩҲûú̫ţƽȤǰԼҸҲ𡣡
ƽÿɷ̧裺ҿͦҵģûҵǰ
Щ鹫Ҳֻк۶̬δı䡣
ûпţҲû̫ͺǸͬڲһʵѡ
òϣĸоеá
۳Ƭ̣һΪ˵Ǻٻ
Ŷ
⼸ѧһЩ˵һЩλѵ顣
̧ۣʮֱӵʣҺ
ƽ£ЦǸ˸оƣֻҪ֪ʵ񡣡
û뵽۰ûб˵ĳĲã¶źı飺ô˵һеʧ䣬͹ǰҴʦѧ˵Һһ¡
ƽĿЩԶ˵˾䣺衣
Щ棬һá衱ع⳾ܾú˵ع⳾Щ
ƽȴûٶ˵ǽһϻƵ˺ǰǴӦ˵ͨ˺͸øĶ⣬ҹһҪ㡣
üҲҪң⵹ϡ棬ʲô£
ƽ˵ϻӣ򿪿֪
Դϻӣȵطϻźܶ౾ᣬһΪͼ飬˼ҳּҿűʼ£Ӧһдġ
Ȿ黹ûɣ뱾ǿŵġ
ҽϹʱͼȫаͼ˼·б÷Լȫ֮оųɶع⳾µͼһСƵ󷨣һЩӸռѾϹʱʦͼдⱾ顣
ûдꡣ
ƽǳһڲ裺Ϊͼʦѧϰ飬ֻϹʱ
ԣⱾ²ᣬɡ
۴΢Щţ㡭ôҵ
ΪβšƽĿͨ͸ֿ󷨹õ
ã΢΢˿ϻӺϣӦƽ
ӵ֮ǰһ룬취ңҸλؾȴû뵽˸޷ܵ
ƽЦ٩㻹ͦԼ
ֻǲϲһطá˵ұǸ¶мֻĵʱһ·غ󣬲֪˶ãǸСҲûҲûҵӱһķҰɵķСͣҵĿΧˣŻһƫƧĴ԰ټҷ󡣡
һʼעϲĴε
㵹Ǻ񡣡ƽȻսδ֮ʱҺһ£ȥƬȥĵط
ۿƽͻȻи⣬Щð
ƽ⣺˵
Źλû죬ѾԼµ֮ûˣȫδ֮Ը׼¡
ۿڣȻƽĻҪֱס
׷ʵλ׼Σ
ƽŲ豭΢΢һ٣̶̧ӭϺ۵ߣĿƺ
Ǹ˫ȾѪˣѪŻڵġ
Ŀ⻹Ҫ
ֻһѡ񡣡


125 ն
˵, λʲôʱǡ
ⶼȥˣţҲü˰ɡ
ѧɽ±, һһš
ǵΪأһ͸Ӵ󣬿˵ǰߴ󣬲µĲλŸӲëЩ, Ե۾͹, һ
Ǹ˸ŮӣĵǺѰ죬ԶĿʼɫ·Ӷ, סۣʢɫĻմȾŨħ
ŮЦһ, бԵ壺˵ĵǺܿ, Ҫ, ȥҲ֪Щ갵˶ٿ£ѧƽЩ, ɲƽϡ
ǳƣ˵ʱѹ˿ǦЦкãħЩ͹ȥ㣬Ҽ
Ůʮ̹ϣҲ, ⲻǲò𡣡
̾˿˭뵽򻹻ء
һ, òͷ, õװ׵̬һ, Ͳ̬Ӳһ㣿
ŮĵҲҡ
᣺չüһ׽ֻа˰ٸۣȫҲһϵġ
Ůбۿҡͷ˭һ
ûɵͬѸٱˡ
˵ţһЦ̶˵
˻ͷȥɽҰĻȫˣֹǻеĲľڷҡҷݱҡ졣
ŨϮֳһǰ۳ϰͣչɽ
·ʱչüЦɨһ̡ۣͼþòôпѧġ
ħŮӣ¶һ׵ЦݣĻ˵λˣħζҪǰΰһġ
չüЦһŵ߹һĵĲľ㡣
Ϊͼ˵˾䣺ƨ
ܿ죬Ⱥߣɫչӿӹʱһۣ䵽ϺĵƿƺûǷ
ͼɶС񣡡
ճʶԣôѧȥʲô¡
䣬ǾطԼվŵĵطʼƺĳǿɽӲεض
ʯ£׳ɴӵصصɽչü϶½ɽΧڤڤ֮ĳɽС
ɽϵÿ˶ܵķӦȫؿΧ
ڷɣǣɽڷɣ
ԺжֻʣһƬңƽŬͷ壬Ƿ壿
ܾһ塣
ֻһͷȷʵɽεضڿС
ں˵һĻ˵ڲĵ͸߿յ֮¼ѵסΡ
ţһڶĿĹ⣬ն¡
˶ʶرܿ⣬˲䣬оɽ͵һƺʲôȥ
ǽŵۣ𺳵ؿиնԱΪǾֱɽһбƵľʯ
ǹ⻬ʯ١
ǿʯĴչȥĳȥ֮᾿ݹǸļбͻ̡
˾Ĭؿţǰɽʱϵľ졣
ǿƽھʯ֮ǰ絶ʯϷɿؿһһ֣ȴ֪ʲô
ͫ߿ƽתڣ褱ϼɾɽׯ£࣬ն罣˪ҽ飻ع⳾ͼٽ⡢ͼ
꣬ƽ»ȻһǧǰԼҹ͵伮ѧˡ
ǿƽǰԵЩСãǳĵؽÿԼĶϤϣƺҪһЩڶǰĳĬϸϸ
üһ˵ȫǵá
ţǸˣϸµı飬ʲôȫǵá
ƽһβɽķһۣɽ·Ŷĵشȥƽԭš
ֱغŵĲƽ
ԭȣ֮ΨһڿеĽֻǧǰеʥֶһʯ
ʯдʥǰʥߣһ۾ܿ۵ʯ
ƽĶûֹͣ
մһĿĺȹڿУ´磬ؼһʺļӰ
ѧɽǴ˾֮ߵɽֻǱӶŲ˾ģֻҪߵҰƽԭ֮ϣζƲѧɽ
ѧɽǰͣ£һԲؽϸ˿Ļ¶ɽڵľ޷ڻ
ؿһۣãĵӰճȭֲ£ֺݺݵ߬ڵ
ţīɿر󣬱һѽ
ī߾٣ıʼ˿̱ͬΪĶƽɽںݺ¡
˵ĺ·һֹͣˣǰһڣоͣסˡ
ɽ
ɽѪΪΣΪˣ
ؾеľ޷ڻһʳƻһĿĻںبϣһª˰̡
ƽûͣ¡
ÿһʶ̵ļҪصɽ䴩һ㡣
꣬۳һ֡
Ϊй߶ٵΪдϱĶ
ͫٶȥǡǡն֡
ն
δ䣬ƽһʣһƲ
ԴһһЩʶغԵĶ
ף˵նɻ𣿡
ܿ죬һҲβ
بڴµľ޷ڻϵ֣һƽյּдɷ裬еצ
㲻ϺÿȴŹŨҵС
·ЩеĲʺźȫ
ͫ˵һдǡնɡ
˵ʱǸɡֶ̫¾Ͻˡ
֮󣬴˾նΪ
ƽףصնɸÿһ䡣
֮£λѾ֪ҲɶҴĶԣδйδֹͣȺ
ǧǰ֮Ϥص࣬ǳƽ֮µǣҪиġ
ƽƽȴ˵ļᶨ
Ѿ˵ˣȴһţ⹫֡
֪ˣҲ˺ǧ˿Ƶϵ˵ţ΢΢Ц£ȴȻûϵ
ⷬ㿴һĹǷԼ֪鱻ͳնɸ»ص˲ݺ߱ߡ
ѾǰĶֻʣǸ̫̣һڶ棬Ȼ˵֮Ŷȥ
ȴ׼ȷشﵽÿ˵Ķϡ
죬ˡ
ˣ㡣
л˵


126 

յ, һⱻĸˢˡ
ǰǺ˵ĵطܿ, ԾݼˢӦӲϾ
˵ʵϿӵʱһΪĸŷڷ裬ȫ֮ÿҷˡ
˭ء
ݡNݺͶݵĵǣߵɫϼ𣿡
ô, ˭ܿ
ʲôɫϼ, 𣿡
ǽϣһǳ۵ɫϼӿڲӥ¿, ˵Ҳ˵ƺڲݡNݺͶݣƺûС
ߣݵĵطҲܿһ㡣
⵽ʲô
մϹżлų, ǰŶӲݺһ·򶫱ǰ, о֮µɫϼ, ϼ·жϣӦǴӲݺ崩Խ˕NݺͶ, ֻܹ˵ûйݣǾֱȥˡ
ݣǲĵطǰȥĸ
Ҳȫ֮أǻһƬҰ֮𡣡
Ǵһ, شѩ֮ɭ̾ݵ, һƬҰ, мɽָ, ɽһʵϣ赲֮䡣
ɽڴеĵλ΢ɽ̲΢ɽ֮أ̲Ǻ͹ǰɽལ֮ء
ͬ͹ǰΪֿ֮ٶ𻯣ԣǧ֮ɽͬΪʥأ˲ԶǰȥΰݡɽѩǼ֮أѰʿ϶Ա壬÷ĵҩɽǰУԺܹУֻͨɽ²ΰݡ
۵Ȼ죬ǿʼ׷ײ²⣺
ѵǰݶĿҰңǱ߻̣ɽĵطⶳΪʲôѡﰡ
ϾѾǧȥˣڴΨһп֮رֻ̡ҪϹżͲô˵ˡ
λϹżĵǣܲһҵĺģ澿ʲôӣ
ȥ˻ųζ˵һ硣
ನӰ쵽ȫµľơ
ÿϹżƽ˶ΪŻֿȵģ̶̼յĹ֪ȥ˶ٵطؽֻϹż֮з˽һ֪һĶ򣬽˷ĻعӰ졣
˻֪һ¡
ǶûǰǰǴμ֮գԼǴճɽӵ
ǰǷ΢ԫԤеĵǣ
Ǿǰƺͦġ
ڵһʱͽӵϢǴİɹܡ
ʵǸܵıϢʱҪЩϾʿ˵ɹһȻӵи֪ص
һϽĿһǴ֮еǿ֮ĶжΪҲѾ֪һ
΢
ɵĺɣʱ
ʱһ㲻ܴţǻȥȥǼƧİң֮⣬ֻ֪
ʱҲڡ
ӦĳЩͻƷ߶ʱʶ߬˵
˫ӥۣüѹͺԵ
𣿡
΢ɫ԰ףס

ǰѵʲô
нĴڣһ˵ΪǿҪԽȥһ磬ḶܴĴۡ
ҲΪƶ򲻵ѣɲǰ
ֻһ.
ôˣЩ죬ʶĽš
һʿ̫ˣһ뵽飬ǲڵߡ
˵䣬˵ɫֱˡ
˭
ɵֵ˲䣬һӴӿ֮ǿ󣬼ġ
Ѱʿĵɹȴܵú
ɹ飬һǴδĵɹ顣΢һǴǰδֵţһҹ֮ͻɹĿж󣿡
΢ȴԥܡ
Ŀ⽻ͬʱʳһ⡣
Է˭
ǳȥ飬̶̼ϢѾȫ¡
ʱ΢ѾܵǰµӵĻ㱨ˡ

Ϣ鰸ǰ̧ͷʱҡ
Ժѧϸػ㱨Ŵ˴Ϲż֮еȫµĺΰͼʱϢΪ棬ƺ˼ƻĿԡ
Уż֮Уʦˣƺǰϵ׽
Ϣüһ˿ȻЦǻܣܵݽżյһ𡣡
ԺҪҪ
Ϣ̧֣ʾס뷨Ѿ뿪ԺҲûԺѧԳƣǾͲҪˡ
ӻʾѧȥԼ±ʣ͸ңңһۡ
ɵ.
ֺλ³ˡ
ڰгıôЩ꣬Ҳֻ˼ŹؼĶӡ
λԤĻҪӼɵ
̲ס򶫱档
ϲʱӦѾǸطӪկˡ
ɽ𣬵Ǹõط
Ϣ̲סݸ
ѧϹʱС
괴ԺǱͬ뷨
û뵽ǧ֮ǰ˿ʼһ١
лᣬȥѧ֮мʶһ
ⳡನԶԶûн
֪Ϊӡ
Ǵǰ궼Ͻ硰Ӱ֮С
κһϹżлųˣۼ֤ɵǳ춯صĶ󣬶̲סǡ
Ͻ磬̫ۡ
һǧǰǸ˻ԻͲõʱɶһƳ֮١
أ
δΣ
Ⱥ֪ڻڵĵһʱͽɵϱظ˶õͬһ䶣
⴫
ˣ֪˶á
Ϲżлųаˣ֮УȫܿصɢҲʮ
Щɢ˼ɣÿţ¼ҹһ뿪żĵһʱͽϢϡ
ϢһһпӦӲϾȻըͷۻ
ԭһʼɺ֮ٵϢʱǻţɢɢĸ·Է׷ɣ·˭˵һ죬±ø˷롣
Ҳ⣬ɴ˺úõϽ磬ΪҪ֮٣¶ʲôô𣿡
ǰĻǲΪҪ㻯ҵȶɽٷء
Ļɲʤö١
ֱһƪس֣鶨˵
Ǳˣ˵˻һ
ƬдоݣʷѧͿѧĲֱ֤ݵ֤ٸһԼƶϣ֮Է׿ڳԼҲϹż֮еһԱۼɵĶ
Ϊ˵֡



127 һ
֮ٵһ
ƪıȡĺ, ȥϸ֮²ŷǬ
ǳȷظߴңǴϹż֮еõϢǣǧǰ֮ȷʵϽ֮˷, ֪ϽԴ鲻ֹ֮٣֮ǰĺܶ꣬Ѿս֮С
ȣ֮֮ǰķʲô
ҶϹʷоϹ˫, Ϲʷûϸо, ݶ̹ϹʷרҡһоԱóĽۡ
Ŀǰ֤ȷе֤ʮֲϿ֤֮ǰ, ľѾս𣬲չֳĩ֮ףΪݽ, ҲΪݽ, ֮е֮ǰѾ
˴δϹż֮зֵĶָ, ԼǰֵⷢһԺ͹ǰּ֤ˣ֮ǰ, ľѾݽ֮࣬ǵĶ෬ԶΪ˸һ
֮ǰĵսη𣬵˭
ָͬ, ȷϹʱ֮ǰʱսͬ񽵿չġȽһ񽵿ʲôĴڡ
֪֮ǧ, ÿ綼ӵԼĽ, ڽĴ, ֮޷ͨǰλ棬ḶܴĴۣ߻ܿԶϾ;ķɡԣϽ֮ҪǰģͬʱҪܷɣ񽵿ܵĳ֡
񽵿ɴ˵Ͻ֮˵꣬ĳ˵аЩƣϽ֮˵ٵҪĴ۱ȶҪöֻ࣬Ҫһ󷨾ܹϢؽڵصתΪǵĿ
Ŀǰ֪Ϣʻ񽵿ܵΪΪŽٵе껹ǲ߿Ըһ⵽ٻߵصϽ磬岻ˣѡ
ҷ˰ݸصĴ¼ط־ǱͶת󷨣תΪʹáǧǰ񽵿֮ҪӴö࣬Ǵĳս
Ͷ񽵿ܵԭ
ҲǴĵطϾĽ֮Ͻ绹̫СǻʶΪϽڴͼֻҪϸ֣ᷢԴĵĴڱ档
Ϊ֮ǰٵĩ֮Ͼһݴǰδͼˣ֮˶ԣ֮ÿ޵ģһ˵Ϊ߾Ϊٽһᳬһܹصޣʱ򣬱˰ĿͶ硣
Ϊһʦҵü͹ǰָ壬ָм¼˺ܴ󹦷еһͼͨ͹ǰƵ󣬷ͼô
ǧȥѾ޴ӿָ֤еͼǱںδֻһ󵨵ƶϡϹʱĵϾûпܺͼйء
ȱδλϾΪطµģȻϽȫûбҪ·񽵿ڴĴƻ
Ҳ²⣬񽵿ģ֮ٶֻΪһĿģʬ𼣡
ԣѵóյĽ֮ۡٷǰıϽ֮ĳķ˿󷨣´ĵݽߣǰܡ鱻ϹʱǷˣͼϽ󷨺ͷӡϽ֮Ϊ˻ʬ𼣣ҲΪ˼Դ·񽵿ܣ֮٣յϹʱ׶Ͼ
ۻϸ֮˿Ϸ컷ۣ֤򡢺͹λǰָ壬Ҳвݵõǰ˵֤ʵ
ҺڵôѵĻ֮ΪǱԿʱ֣ûµĶʱ䣬ĸʱᷢչĵز
֪ڸʱǻѽʵҲⶼһ֮ʣǰ֮䣬
ϡ
ƪ͹еˮѸ˾ҵķ졣
Ҳ˵ϵӰܴ缸ǰѾٵʴõİףƪ£׮׮ۣ˲ŶС
ҲΪţԵ˷ˡ
ǲţǲҡ
ķģǾһƭ֮С
λȻʹ˵鲼ȫ¡
ģδô죿
ǰΪ˴¶𣿿ǧǰѾһΣأҪϽ磬Ӯ
˿̣ԭڵȻΪƪĶ
ǵ˶ʼ˼Լδúȥδӡ
Ҳɡ
ǰеķеû취ΪʲôʱտһƬ֮ʱϽҪ죬˵֮ٺĵһжѾեɣϽ糹ͼˣΪλҪء
ûüشм˴𰸡
ˮ¥̨˭˵ͼģΪǸ磬򵥵ľѾû̫ˣҪ֮ⲻһֱ𡣡

ⳡҵ۳˽һµʱȶȶû˿ĽѾʶˣⳡƴƵıһƲЩøΪԶСɽᡣ
ʱλ
Ƭأ·ˡ
оСɽߣѾǰһһû̵ս
ʱɧҺʼˡ
λ򣬺Ϊ򲢷ͬһ
ϣȻۡͳУһ̵Ѹٱ˸¥
ѧ桿
λεд֡


128 
лϻԾѸǰȥΧۡ
һ֮ǰٶӿֳ
, ֪λ򣬾ǲͬһˡ
ʱֻ²ڲŷ, ԭֻҪþãκ׵鶼пܻῴ
ڣϹʱĴǰš
˺ţ֮ǰǳĵ˴ɽ
κһߵͨʿ޶¡
˸о翵еƺӾֻһЩ
æ, ĦһԳ˵ѧʲôĴڡ
ѧ, ϹʱǬԪʮһ꣬ɵŽ޵ۺѧĿǰѧӾŰٶʮ, רνʦˣʦˡɵ塢塢ħ塢ר޿γ̣Լġ滭ܽʮŸγ̡
ѧʽ, ޳䡢Ϊ, ͳһѡοѡѧ, һˣ߿ǰѧ
ɽ
пӵ˶Щ͡
ô˵ءϹŴ, 㲻Ǹ߸ϣϲַҲǵĮȻѲµġ
ǰ, Ǵδһξʿʿ
УǲҲ𽵹ġ
򲻵, ̹Ȼ, 󷽷ؽѧϵϢ̻¶, ǿӣƺܸܵңԶݣиǳЦظѧȻЦûȤ
ͺ֮ûκξС
̫ˡ
Ǹоʹ֮ûоеģȻǿ󣬺ʱԶӦ϶λ
ƫƫ
һգ۵Ĺ򣬾Ѿв˴ŵʵ¶һʣѧ֮еרνʦҲɽ𣿡
仰ʳ˵
ǽŵؿӣܿͿĻظȻ
˵ĺһ»
ǰڿΡ
ζεĺ¡
ӵգۣһգ۾ܿĸڷɿˢţĿϾӡ
ܿ죬ӾѾ˼ǧĻظҲٶȡ
ûȫǰĹ֮ٵĳƪѾѧϢը˹
ڽʥĸʱʿԣܹһǰԽڵĿΣҲ޺ˡ
ûֿܵջ
ǣαԼǰѧˢ˼ǧ㡣
ܿ죬ذҲðͷˡ
ĹϢ޳Ϊ
΢˼ǵɹҲԱ
˵ĳⳡ֮õֳһ۷塣

Ӵ˳Ҵҵ̫ܵ壬Цõض΢˵ʦ㣬òҪȥְɣ
΢Ժӵϣбͷһֻۣкβɡ
޳Ϊ֪жٵͽʿ̬ȥõɹܣܵһѵҪСȥһԣ̨ͬ
ӿ̫˰ɣ
΢īɢбӣû˵һ˹ʦ壬ʦҪʲôƤ
⻰էһˣ΢ȻΪͬصͷС˽Ϊʦ
̫һͷ۵ʦͽʱ۶
̫ǡ
΢ǰ̾΢ʵڿӣЩұȥ
ǰĶײ˸ʱ
ǸصС⣬ʱеϵˡ
̫ɻһ棬Ǽɡ
ţҲôġ
˵ˣΪͷĵɹ飬ֻҺ͹Ϣ
΢صعЦЦζֻǰ˸ˣͬ˼
̲סµ·ΪƸΪİ˸ǿߣҪͬʱǧܵǸʺĵطһȺͽʿͬȥ˵ѧ
Ŷˣ˻һҪ
Ͼͳһ⿼ԡ
뵽ӵָ˵㡣
Ƴ΢ɢű߼ʵģѾӵ΢Ҫȥ˵΢ȥ˻һùˡ
ǾĶˡ
վҪȥҲУСͽܡ
ô΢СӸǰĸŮԼŮϣܲ΢̫ġ
˵ź֪ʶһ⣬ʵչذˣôû
΢΢ɽһͱչأ˵ҵ޸ϸķô׾飬ٱչظ궼֡
ҲҪȥݵģҶбİš
䣬̫ϿͻȻۼһƬŨơ
ǰһƬƬۿɼٶȾۼ̫ͬϿ֯һϸܵ
ƽͬʱȵؿգƣ
Ҫɽˣƽȥ׵ļƣֻǲɰ
ʱӦ
ţֻ̫ʦͽһ䷹ʦ塣
Ҳ˵
ʦҪɽˣ
΢Щ죬Ƴ۽ף˼֡
Сӵļζɽ٣׵ѰͬʿҪ²٣˵ƽöɳӤ֮٣ڵĽƿѾԼ˼ְµļơ
ת˲֮䣬һѾ¡
Ȼµĵص̫ɽƽչ֮ء
һ׵ͨģڣºɢϢ
ֻһۣ΢ȷˣζɽ٣Сʮİա
ʦ㻹ʦĵţŵؿһһ£Խȴ֣ʦӦԵ硣
ֱһʱ̫Ͽճһǳīɫīɫ·һնµĽס
΢һΧţƽºͳ㾪ȵطīɫһ죬һΪ׺ݵĽһ˽ȥŽ׿ҵɱһīɫ֮ʧӰ١
ܿ죬īɫ·Աһ㣬ɢ˿С
ƽ´Ƭ̣С㣬Сʦúϸʦãһԡ
㲻⡣
ʲô߰Ĳ϶ɳԵģСʦʲôϡŹֵĶҳȥ


129 һ
ƽɽٵĶܴ, ̫壬ܸ嶼ܵ׵Ķ׷Ų֪˭ƾ, ֻǿŽ׵жϲƵĸ硣
һʱͲˣĪ֪Ҵкͷɿ̫ȥȥʱÿƽӺɽľ̫ʦΧʺ򣬸Ƶġ
һ, 㾪ȵ˵ʦ, ûʲôֵĶ
ƽ³׶ɽٵЧô𣿡
ƽ¶òЦݣʦ㣬ֻײû, ûгʲôֵĶ
ҪΪӡһˣƾĻᣬΪع, Ȼƾ档
ײƾֱԾԪӤڣƽµ, ´ƾҲԡ
, ΢һϺϣвÿʲͬ, ʦóܵ׵ԣҪôɣȰȸˡ
΢ƽһۣϸһ, ûп˴ƾκεɫЩ, ٶǵ, ͼ, ȴ򼴿ɣˣ˽ݾ
΢ֵԪӤڡһǰˣ߽ʿһżΪϣħѶɡ
ƽԹԵͷӴֵ˵ʦ㣬Щǰ϶˵ˣҪǵĵġ
ӳ΢üŪ۵ģʾǰǰŮд춨ʱ֪ʶܵˣôܲԼŮֳʶ
ỹãһ΢е΢
ƽ»ѾϹżкǴμݸرǹƽ֮ĹϵˡǳܡĸݣְԼĲ²˵һ顣
ʱһţ˷ܵ˵Ҿ˵ҲµûǹȻĸŮ
˵תͷʣ˵ƽ˭Ů𣿾軹ࣿ
УĺҪ
㻺ҡͷʲôû˵ûӦǵľϵ
߼ǳǢûзϣǲĬ𡣡
΢΢΢üʱֻЩԾʶƽŮڲϣˡܡȺۡ
ȴܼ򵥣ǰΪ˱ƽûйϣϾڵìѾڵ˿Ա֤ѧһ壬ûа취ȴܱ֤Ůİȫ˵ƽΪߣһʹ׶֡
ֻ΢ɽ¼֮ʱδֱ¶棬ȴƽΣʱ̼ʱʩԮ֣˵Ȼʧٶ꣬ȴʼչעŮİΣ
ìһðհƽ¶ǰˡ
΢Ҳֵ
ֱȴﲻԡ
΢񿴵ƽЦݶҲסþòջȥ
ˣ΢ĵʲôϵСҲһ׽֮ˡ
˱㹻ˡ
صʱãСҲɣͷ̫ʷǼ׼һ£һȥݡ
þĿ⿴΢΢һߣ˵Ҫһȥѧ
΢һۡ
ǴżĶҿˣȻŵҪǰδ֮Ը͸ȫԸ
ָһӽȡһž޷ͼǰչ΢ָɽԼʮҵĵط
΢µͼ̫ӴֻһĿǰɵ踲ȫĵĴͷҲ󷨣ǰˣ˵а취Ҫģһȷ贫ͷľص㡣
Ʋħӵ̸ݣǶҵõˣΨһƬߡ
ѧݶѩмŴƬĻԭ
ѧҲĿǰҪ贫ͷĵطεҵʺϽ͵ĵط
Ӹ̾ʦ㣬⶯Ҳ̫˰ɡ
Ÿû
΢ɨһۣû˵
ȱľʱ䣬һ춼Ըൢ顣
΢ѩԭܸӣвɢ֮̾ᣬҲʱ뿪ѩȥǱҪҪͻסԿΪԼİȫ
֣Ӧס
δϹżΪͻƵףչ˼գͻһС磬ѾԪӤڣлˣѾԪӤڣԭΪһֱ̫ʷҲͻƵԪӤ
ϲõӹ޿ͨӵ˽𵤾ʱͻὫǷųȥõһδзɿɳ
Ѿᵽǵĺô
ƽȴЩȣ΢е˶Ϲżͨ˿飬ǩˣⲢ֣С
һ΢ƽŷӦ
еЦֻǸͷΪá򡱶տտȺˡ
ȥ׼һ£ապǸȥݡ
΢ʱʱԥƬ̣ʱ䶨պ
΢ȣ΢ӣǻΪվ͵ó΢һ仰ʱǲŷӦ
ĵ̸ǵȥ
΢ζ˼

ЩӶе֡
ƽϣƪĺѧϢסˡ
󻤷ͷöȺ񽵿ִݣϿȱλãҲͷһ
Ѱ񻹴ǡϡ
Ǿһʧǿ񽵿ܡ
񻹴ǺϽĳЩЩϸǲμӹһǧǰ֮սԪϡ
ȥһϹżĹһӶûˡ
⻹ҪģҪ򻹻ţϴμ֮ʱĴźͲ²⣬еػ磡
ôܲš
³һŵ״Ѿ˺ö졣
ٵˣҲ꣬ڣѧڣΣҪļѾˣ¼ҹһ졣
˵öԣһǧǰ֮ٿһеȻ޴棬Ҳѡ
ǣ˵ɡ֮ɴԷģʱзΪݣأѵ㻹ҳһ
ѵɴðǴɵķٷһ֮٣
˳ųţ󻤷ϡ
Σͷ߾£ֱд
һָȾŻޢ֧һԿ֡
󻤷ͷֿʼˣѾǵԼǵڶٴνͣǰѾˣȥ˺δһ֪ء
̲ذ仰˻ȥ񽵿ơ
ˣβλ߾֮
󻤷ʶرˣȺǲǼ
ǿˣȺĺµҪ
ϴεɽͼѾȺ˵οǻﳳܶǵһʱ߿ӻϽ磬Ѿеˡ
һ뵽󻤷ָоһͷۡ
֮ǰ͸оˣƺЩĸ顣
ӦУλΪﻰȴά
󻤷˼ȥҲ뷨ԳһЦ
ˣҲǵһ֪Ǹˡ
ӵ뷨ﴧˡ
˼ţͷ񽵿ƺˣгϢһֽìͷ׼ѵǾԴУŴʱѧĺʱҪЩ˽ȥ
һ񽵿ܿ󻤷һۣЩʹԶһˡ
󻤷£͵λʹڶɺˣֻǵһ۾ͻᱻ򿴳ǡ
˵޷ʤΣ˵һȴһˡ
󻤷۾һ
ˣһʹûɺˣݸǺʡ
̫΢״ӣ˭ỳ


130 
Ϊ, 󻤷еİ̽ʵȥֻһ֪ҲɵǸ˵˵ڳЩͶ񽵿ܡ
󻤷ֻǸĿڵǲ֪Ƿк֮ˣ¹һѰ
˳, 񽵿ܲԼ¶֮ɫ
䣬ѾȥѰ
󻤷˵һͻȻ˴ϣ˵һ񽵿ܣΪǰճʱѾϽ, ֻƽһ, Ҳͷ콵ٵĿ࣬ҲȺ֮, ۡ
һôľ񣬴ʱͻȻڣ󻤷һ˿, ˵, ִ̧
, ʱġ治ɫطһʯ쾪ϢɴѾ, ǰ֮λεձή١
£һֱԿϷһֱ壬ȵգǲ̫ͻȻЩ
󻤷Ҳͬ뷨
һ̫, ѵվͬһϡ
ΣûиǷԵĻᡣ
Ŀĳ, 鸡󻤷, һ, ĵɨ۲·ֻǷһҳ
ֻתɴ˵˼Ҫͬ
󻤷أؾͷһ
ǰδЩ񽵿Ǻֱڴĵʲô޷Ƿͬѡ
񿴵ĮȻ󻤷һ˲ãǹȻǲһġ
Щ񽵿ܶڴĵһһ͵ֻ࣬ǿͷ˵˵ѡ
ûнĵ˵˿
˵䣬енŲ
Ϊأ˲֪ٲ󣬾
ˣֻһֿܣԷǿġ
ͷһ񽵿ڵ˭ΣڴʱӣĮȻ
źصĴűƿ춯һӰͷѹ̶
£ӭ
˸ͷ˱㲻ٽ֣ͬ񣬹ӭµ
𡣡
˵ЩŹ֣·һռ䣬ĳƸС
εһǰ
Ψһŵһӣǰһӡ
λȴûֱԭλֻԭվ
Щǰ˲ſģЩ⡣
Ѿ񽵿˽´
˭δɹʶ𣿡
ûѵɹˣ
ɴΪλòɹ֮ͳҵȣⲻ
εȺ˽µĶ˼۵ף񲻾˽֮䣬ɴѾ֪ǰ¡¾һְ
˵꣬˲ŷûпڣȴشÿ䡣
Ǹ
󻤷һԴͷ侲˼ţ֪øǲԸʵд㡣
˵˽֮䣬һ¼
һִҵȴֲɴӦԣ
۵׻һ˿⣬Цգ˽罫һʢᡣ

ǧ̸ĳƽҪܶࡣ
¶ؽ˺ţͬżӸѣһԼȥ̸ᡣ
̫ǲӸѣʢ֮УҲʶ֮ˡ
ÿÿʱƽֻЦַʽ˱˵ĺ롣
˺ͬԷֳһ.壬ȴܽ.Ҳ֮Уֻһ˺ţ
̸ǣҲ
Ǹ˺ΨһѾ˪֮⣬κ˶Ӳá
ܵΣ̫ʷкǼ˺һȥ̸ᣬƽæûˣʡֵñɡ
͵ܵıӰڸø޶ü
һ磬ѧĺɽԺ֮Уƽʱ
һȥͱ׳۵ĳˡ
ĲǺһͨٴԴ꣬ģ۵Ĳ㴢伮ġ
һͶԶЩʴ֣ĲҪٵĶࡣ
ɽգһĲǺȫ˴СС˸ǣƽЩߡ
˲ĵǺ쿰ƱһĶǼȥֻܱȴġ
ƽǿһڵһǺ͸գۣӵҲ˱ᣬ˼²λɹ鵽ˣԶ㣬ʡıꡣ
ţŹâ֮ƽЩҲڵһǺֺâ΢ɬ£ƺҲⳡ𺳵ˡ
УͬҲǵɹľ磬׷˿
һʱ䣬µһǺӵŹҫ۵ΧҲ漣ĳһȦյش
ΧǰĵԭɹҲһڵһ㶯ãԼֱοĸо
Ҳֻһ˲䣬ͬʱâʢֱŵȥ
ƽɨһͬʱǣǿȱжϳԷ˶ǵɹ顣
İ˸ɹǳߣ׼һӦҲ׼΢͹Ϣ
ƽܿó˽ۡ
΢硣
ǺûҪӵ
ӴǺɵź͸ศŷֳɸмճһ鼫ĵشžʮƣƺܸߣһжٲ㣬ÿ϶ֹСľơ
Щ⣬мشΪĵطһЩ׼ȷһŵֻǼ˶ŵۡ
ƽĽǶȿȥܿǺ֮д˷˸ǹ⡣
ӸֲǹȣҲжʿǶЩӸȤҲ洦ɼһЩȺ£Ƭ̺ɢڱ𴦺ǹ
Ⱥ財
ƽĪЩο
֮жݵܿ챻ϣ˪Ժв
ģҪôôˣ
ƽһŹ˪Ⱥ֮гֱײ󻹸һŹâ貵ǣֱ
ƽüʶܿ˪ΪǼ˺ѡ
˪Աߵǣâͬ΢޼Ҳ֪ǳߡ
ƽĿһɨһɹ鶼Ѿ
ע⣬ڵɹǹʵ̫ÿеɹ֣Ǻ֮һɧң벻ע⵽ѡ
󣬴˿֮ͬеĵ׵һ
˲ŵ
һšʮ
ʮ
ӵеɹ龳ǿӣʮ
ǶǴðġ


131 
, ԭȵĵɹȷʵǰˣǰһ, ǰ
Ҳһ𡣡
ǸǿΣʵΪûеɹ飿
ƮǰֻЩ, ܸ̾ܵӿۺϢ
ƽһ, ٩ǲµĻͦԡ
˪õĻƳɵĿΪȻûع۷壬ܹڹ, ˼ȴС
˪ûصһۣתʵϸǰһ飬ԭҪµӦ, 㾹ôżؾͶԪӤ, ΪΡ
ȷûκβʷӦ, ҪԼҽҽʦ
˪ѹףֵҲ, ܹԭ廹ڣҲûôҪ
ƽ΢̧¶һζЦݣҲһ
˪üһ֪ΪĿֻ, ʣΧȴһΡ
תһ, ǿѹԵһǺ뵽㡣
˶һ, ȻǿƶӾҲǵɹ顣
ˡ
޲ô롣
һȺͬļ˺, һԿ֡
л𺳵⡢ôɹ飿
һΧ۵Ӷɵۡ
ⶼ˭
µ֮УһӴһ־Ͷռһ磬ƽǹΪ˵֮ǿߡ
ƽŶԷ̲סüͷ΢
ĻƸκͨѹж϶ԷݵĿԣҲ޷ȷ˭ǳȷǣڴ֮ǰĴİ˴ɹ飬һ˵ǿܺᲢۡ
ˡԭİ˴ɹ֮һδˡ
ƽϸϸ˼Ƭ̣Ŀ΢
ˣֻпܳ졣
֮⣬ӳǺƽѸΡ
Ϻ¥׼Ǻ֮в׽ƽڵأֱ
ǧǰֻһΣ˸մӶгһν˴ĳ棬Ǿһ
ڼ˪ҲѾ˲Ͼĺ嫣ѵ˪񣺡Ӽ˪ʦ
˪Ŷ죬մͳ¥٩С¥˵ֱý̱޽ѵˡ
¥ЦݽӲϡ
ôô졣
Ȼôĵɹһֳ˶ţܿ죬ǵȺѾõڳˡ
Ǻ񷶥ƮһƬƲεֱӸ񷶥֮ϣӶס̽ȥս뵽ӣͿĲ档
ǧ̸Ϊգһս⣬ڶۣ۵
᳡ѾǰźãλѡȤǰ
моʮſƣÿоŸ⣬ȥӸռ⣬챾⣬ǰĿӦĽн߿ڽ̨»磬߱ʧܣ轫¹һأȴ˽£ʧʧȥƵʸȡȫǣŷƳɹ
һε̸ʱʮſƣ˰پʮһ⣬սƳɹһ߿ƣβ߱һθλ

ʵһ仰û˵Ǳһε̸ߣΪһ̸ˡ
ƽ̸Ĺ򣬾ΪȤ
ҲѧоٰƵ۵̸ѧĴʱ䶼ڸӾˣѵи֮գᰲسúõ۵һ
ʢᣬúܺá
ܿ죬Ǻеӱ㿪ʼȥֻǺη׳ʢ
ߣҲȥ
ƽһǰȥѲһȦĿ۵ס
óЩⶼǱѡģ漰ķΧ廨ţһЩΪĸС
Ϊʧ߲ټƵĹ涨˶ܽϸز鿴ҪȷؿһԼаյ⣬Ż£һʱڣǺƣȴû˶֡
ƽҲżȫ㣬мһйһʱЩ£ֽ¡
ɾڴ˿̣ѡеǿȴͻȻˡ
ˣѾ˽ˡ
ƽֶһ˲
ܿ죬ӦĽƯһơ
ȫһ鱻µƣ˶ܸȤƽ뵽УϸһݣЩֵģƵⶼûп塣
ƽҲȥ˸֡
ӵı⣺.жִʽ
۶оȫ»ûܳƽġ
Ҳ棬˭һƣɿʱƽһ
ߣ쾰
죿˪ɻ˭
ƽ΢΢ͼļ֮ҵһ𰸣ȴκιھֵļ䡣
Ҳ֪ˡ
ƽ֪Ҫʲôˡ
ǰ֮ٺɵϢ÷зɵӰԲСһ̶Ӱŵ춨ĳȻλ
Ϲż֮дϢһ㡣
е֤ݶһˡ
ּҲãѧ˵ĿҲã򣬾ѧ
һʱǧϹŴܣһʼӰһĵ׵졣
أĸܶԼ˵Ȼ
һ⣬ûϴŤתӡͿڱ
̶˼Ƭ̵Ĺ򣬾ĽѾʼ
.ֲͬĴ̬һǻλ꣬걾ǿȾȻɢʱ䣬ǱתΪޣڹ¿ʼ֮·ǳΪʬڱ.һ.壬ΪԼΪʬֲ̬ͬضγ
ƽĶۣúе
ƽҲʲô
ʵҪϸ㣬϶ᣬɶǧǰͱֹаʱ˽˲࣬ƽòҪἰ
ͻȻֵһ˵Ŀ⡣
ϣ©һ֣֮ˣڽ.Ĵ̬ʱ©񽵿ء
Χ۽߲֪˭ֻа˵󵨡
˭ϣŲæع˹Ӧϸ񽵿ߵ겢ûȫ뱾壬ʶûнС
һ̹˽͵̬ȣ˵ӡ˲١
ƣԽǱܻ䣬Խ˻쵱й̹ἰ񽵿һ£Ե
Ȼ˵񽵿ܣһ˺ü⣬ʵĶǺ񽵿صĶ
˪ⲻҪĻشú޲ƿڴתƽ㲻
ƽĿרע֮ѲƺѰʲôûлشƬ̺ҵҵơ
ͷûȡ
ͷһܿ˲˵Ŀ⡣
ɺϵǣƵĽھ档
ƽڽ£Ͷ澰ƬԶƬҲܿ측֡
һҪ̨ģܿ˸ǰ˲ԼƣֳͬʱΧߵĽ
һƽĽ˱ǵһ
Ŀܼ򵥣ֻ֡
Ϊ񽵿ܡ
ƽṴѡһ
ֿĿĽߡ

һֱƵǺһ˲Զֲµͬʱһ𺳶ĸܡ
ɽ¥


132 ̳
⽲, 򲻼д񽵿ܵص㡣
񽵿ܣʿٵĶȡ֮˵γɣٵطΪ, ٵĺΪʳ֮񽵿ܡ
طһֶаռݴģͬһȺʿ, 㡢ҡԼǧǧʿһ޶
񽵿ص, һɵԱ, 񽵿ܵΪܿԭ츳ƣɸ, ѰҺʵĿס
Ϊ񽵿ܡ
һǧǰ, ƽܶ⡣
Ͽ²˶оʤ, ҲΪˣĳΪ񽵿еĴ, ǴϽ֮еĵ͵ѶԸĴڡ
ɱ񽵿ܲо񽵿ܵҲдᣬ񽵿ܵʺʹڷʽС񽵿ܸļ޺ʹ, ȫһһ¼ڲᡣ
꾡ļ¼ɽ֮ʱ, ھ˺񽵿ܵս֮, ֻݻһ̶̵Ľۡ
񽵿, ֻǺǲͬ˶ѡ
ʱרƽмֲ˵Ĵݣ¶߾У·Ҳ⡣
̬ȣҲɵƽ
ƪܳҲϸǴǰ񽵿֪ܺˣҲܹ˵һ
ʵ֮ٺɵϢ÷зʱ˾Ѿʼš
±沢ûбֳǵĺȷʵʵڵġ
ڣƪ渵Ľ֪ΪΣеľͻȻƽˡ
ҪҸͣΪӰʵ̫Ķȷʵʵڵġ
ͺδΣܻһվƬ졣
ǿƪһλ
񽵿Ҳˡ
Щ߸ϣô˵ǣͬҲиẦˡ
˵ףֻһ˶ѡ
Ҳͬ
ڼΪҲֻ˶ѡ
λ˶е𺳺Ȼ
Ĵ󵨺͸ԡ
Ͼǰ꣬Ƕǽɣɵ쵱Դġ
֮࿹⡣
ʱ佫дʿԺ֮УǲûҪĵﲻҷԸ
һߵĩ·Ҳ޷ء
ڣڽͷγ
Ŀ㣬ǰǿҫ۵ӡ
ˣݷ꣬ȴΪҪؼʱ˷պԿ
ҪĲ濪ս
ҪϺͿ־֮Ⱥ˵
ôᣬô
Ҳλߡ
ռȨ˽ؽѧȫ
֮λǹºģ֮ʧ˶Դֻ꣬վƽϣһ
ѵͲĴӸλ׹䣿
δλߡ
ƽ꣬ǰǿŲĿһЦ
Ȼηδ֪֮
֪Ϊʵªģ֪νǺԼһˡ
Ϊ˵ŴǧѪߵĴ
Ͳ·ɢʥԻ͹⻷˶úÿ塣
ǸˣǸǿˡ
ǿηȴؾԺǿȴӹ۽֮¡
С
Ҫģǰɣ̳
˲Ϣã޲
һգǰƽµƱϣֻǷȥ⣬Ѿɡ
ֱʱ˲Żع
ãȻͷֲ֪ʱѾۼӣǺеǧߡ
ǺеΣЩ졣
ͷԵЩռţǧǧߣ£ֳһּŵ֮ơ
ɾǺ֮һţȻ̬֮£෴һͬҲһǣֻҫۡ
˿Ե÷гʼȺ֮Уδ뿪
һĻ·Ҫ泹׼ǵĵס
ⳡνĵһغϣˣܵϢ
ȴֻû뵽˵
£̳Ƿպ·
ͬ޷Ϊеˡ
ƽⷬȻҲֻݸһЦȻ˵
Ρ

ڷٵķš
ǣͷҲ׷ǰƽ
̶һյʱǺ˾˴İ˴ɹĽ
֮ȽƵǹϢ
ԺƽҲûٸԺѧڿΣͬϸ£ǳִǸܱóõʾá
Ϣ˫ޣʱ˲ٵݻԭƽԼýζ
Ƶı΢
΢ˣǹϵµһޡ
һţԶΪⲢܡ
ֻû뵽΢Ľ͸¶ɢԾԼǿȫ΢ڽʲôˡ
ֱп΢ĸӵʲôĴӱ֮ˣܸ΢ڿΡ
ۼ΢ͬʱƣޣ޵ĿҲǵ
ʵһ̸ΪĽ֮ƣ浶ʵǹߣ㲻ޣΨĶޱɫԣ۽òࡣ
һ÷档
·ⶺƵģһĿʱͬƶ
һ㳡֪Ǵǰ˷ܵĵ֮УȻνƵĽ߾ǽ
ı򵥵Ŀ£ֻ֣ʽ
ͽΪʽ壬Ҳ֪˭ѼģȻܺϽ⡣
·ȻдŽ֮īҹ
һʱ䣬нذݱ𱱵ۣȻȫɿسﱨȿֺԼһ
۷˸ۡ
īҹĵЦ
һͳƱҵЩɹǣͷԽԽ׳ӣѡԼóƣڽ
ǻԼĽȺɹǰֵ̫ۣһᣬٶҲЩӡ
ɽ˼䣬ǷԼĽг˼Ժյ֣ǰ˺䶯ļλɹ飬ˡ
ԭҲԸԼĽ
˶ĲʵУԥȥơ
꣬һľ֡
ҩʥ
ûи֣ҩʥ֣ÿ˶ϳ˭
һֵ޺ҽǺ֮࣬˽
ҩʥ˼Ҳ𣬽ô¡
԰ǰ̸ᣬҩʥδǵһΰɡ
˵ûпܡҩʥΪǰġ
԰ǰõôˡ
ڴʱƽյһѶϢ㿪󣬶ԷܿԺ
Ϥİ
׼شǰڵǰָһ
ƽĿ΢һ˲
ɼǵã֮ǰҩʱλ˿ʦɲô˵İ
ˣô˵ţ
ǡֻ֮أֱ۵֣
ƽΪص˵°͡
׼С϶ǡ찡
̶һյĹϵƼ˵ףԽԽ˷ǰ̲סľ
ֻǵ̸ῪһΡ
ҲΪʢֵһΡ
Ͼ˴ɹӼླ¶ʡħ͹λҲˡ
ɫΪӵؿеһ
ڽ񽵿ֻܺ˼ͬƣ󡢷ڻͨ˲ַ𷨣ĵؿʼһЩΡ
Ц
Ǻġ
Ǻ֮УѵõĳֳһƣɢٶȾ£ʢ󳡾
ǲܽԼȤĿȡ
Χŵӣʼնġ
ˣĵͷ
δţ
һͷ߾ϽλˣȻ˫Ŀ
һ۾סһֻ۾ﲼѪ˿
Լ·û̫ǿҵʹУֻ۵ļɵġ
ģε˿߲ơ
ڣЩε˿߾ǵ˲٣ƺĹζ
³һ
оһ紫֮ʼˡ


133 
Ĳͬ, ԴСӴĹ̲һССһ˫ؼ䷢ֹеĻ, Сһ֮һŵֽ޷ŴݻΪת
вʱʧԵ©ķʽʱ䡣
һƷȥʮʱһε©ʱ
ϸһ, ȷʵûκ, ƶѾȥ˽⽲
Ϊ죬Űٶһ֮ڱϤ, Ǵǰ̸δ澰
ЩӵؿǺ֮Уˡӡǵļʮӡ
һգĽδֹͣ, ƺҲ, һƱȥ, ֽܿһ淶Χ, ֤ȷ紫˵ͨ
ףΪͷƽûôҵҲڽԼóǵ, ¼λɹ飬δ, ֻǽ, ȴһжļ, 
Ӧú⿴ĳɡ
޶˵š
̸գڶۣٲȻΪѧĴֳ
ʱǺе൱࣬۷ȥĿǸʽƶ䣬ڲ˸Ⱥ֮䣬ۻңÿһգ۶ܿµӳ
ߵǸȴ۵ǡѧѯר
Ӿ̲ס۽һ飬ɷ˲ԼҪѧصؿ˸˻ѯ
ȻǱ˷㲻Υ棬ĬΪ
⣬Ҳûš
̫ҪˣæǱ㶼ΧߣͷһβµɹӹԣȲؿΧԱһ֣㵱һ
һϲ׼Ҳسˣڿҩʥ׼ֳʱһȲԼ۾
һգΪʵһۣ׼֮ΧƵչۡ
̫ʷڳƵתִ˲ƣسÿֹ¼вۺͽݣеıдķɿ죬ԼһؼǵԼ˵Щ̫ʷһǵá
̫ܶʷµⳡۣ֮½ҩѧչʷᣬ׼ʺĻش𣬳ΪⱾҩѧʷľ
׼ʣΪ
𣺡̣Ϣ

ֵķΧ۵ʱ۷塣
̸һգѡ˷۵ˣԽܣԾܾ˳򣬱ǵһսƽʱƶΪȡ
Եĵط浶ʵǹĶ̸ֻᣬ۵ķʽҲ̸
Ϻ󣬷ֽߺȻˣĵҡͷĵҲ֪λѡ˭
չǰӵ۵Ȩǰֳһˡ
˵仰תһ룬Լ˴𰸡
̲סЩǣǿŹ۵ǡ
ϣƽĿ⵭ɨڳ˺󣬿˺ԼԵǰ
Цд£뾰һ𡣡
ԼĿģһھͽìͷֱָ졣
Ԥһ㣬û˿ȣ۵̨
Ϊû.ֻ֣е۵̨ƵúǼªֻһؾƽ̨Էš
ƽҲޣһ¡
Ŀ棬һڣڳ˽ŵĶ
ߣһʣ̽һ
ǡΪ
ĬΣ̧Ƴǻԣ΢΢ס
ˣơ
Ӧս
޲ɡ
ⳡ۵ʼѾյѸٰ̫أ·صĺڳΣյķΧ
ƽЦţڶʹǱɵ㻯ɣ˾߱Ǳ֮ˣһ󣬶겻ͨ񣬻ҽһ
죬Ժֱ׼ѡ֮ء
һھ˼⣬Ϸ·һʯˣҲעžʮָȤĻش
ͬҲɻ˶ꡣ
ųԼڴĵʹߣɵ㻯ʹΪԼµӡ
ѡߣŮ٣Ϊߵͣ࣬·ûб׼
ɵѾ̤֮·ˣûб׼һдʡ
ڤڤ֮Уһĳֹͬʣѡǡ
Ŀ΢Ȼɴ˸˵־ҵܹԴ⡣
֮⣬Ǿܾشˡ
ƽЦ£ûشһ⣬Ǹӡ
ֵðˣ򲻽⣬ѱѡУ㻯ΪʹΪμҲδ˷Ͻء
Ȼ£þ࣬ĥѣһŷ겻֣ŵļᶨ֮ģһ˵ܳɾͷĹ¡˵ѵһ˸ǣ֮·ֻܽԼߡ
ͳһ˵ǣ಻б仯
ƽ¶Ȼı飬ֵˣ㵽˽ǵ⣬ڴĵʹߣ£ӦҲҲһȾ߸Ϊ˽һ֮ˡ
΢΢ۣĮȻƽɨǼ֮ͻعƣȥһӹء
֮ʧһ֮У֮յʤõİսƷ
սƷƽĬʣһζЦֵˣߵΪڡ֮һˡ
ҵЩ棬ھΪԡʲô̶ȣ
̩ȻΪ²Ϊ
²Ϊͬûʲôǲġ
ƽĿ䣬ͣٹתȴôΪ
»еּҲ죬ڶڳ˵ڶԼ˵
Ҳֻͨеһѡ
ƽ΢һ˵·ϻЩĹ׶Σǽ벻ϵĴ󣬻ģӦ԰֮ʱħ٣ʱĹɽȡ
ЩҲͬǿΪεɹʱķ⣿
ƽЦҡͷġ
νλÿһƾֻΪһؿںһѣֻʱΪѾܹصı߽磬иеΣգҪȥԵ磬ѰɱǿԼĵط
ȥģҲһǺõطֻǻҪЩܹɵЩ˶ѡ
֮ҲǾͷ֮Գ֮ΪΪģûеΪֹӸ
ⷬ治˹ľ
ǧĸ߲еĵ֮ͷ
ʥģεأַ
ǧΨһɽٷ׿ڸǡ
̫ˣҲ̫ˡ
յ㣬滹޾·
಻⣬ֻƾͨһΡ
ƽȴ˵Ƶʣ˼ֵ٩˼
ǿ֮ʲô
·һשһߵزǧÿĵӲĸǽÿ˽ķſ۾̽ۿ..硣
жеڴͿ־壬ӲǷݽ߸߹ľη
ѵóһ˿·ЩŪˣΪζɽٷ
ֹⷽؼ䣬ǧΨһˡᳰһֻʧˡ
ⳡ۵˵ĳ̫ǵ֮δӦ㳰ŪҲ˸ԵķӦ
ƽ˿գ̹ϵؽԼʧܡ
ǰʧˡ˵ʵǵʱȣһ治ѡɽ١
û취ַʽƷӡ·һûѡ
ƽĿԶûھϣǿããգ·һڸԻ
һлᣬѡһѡ
ҿѡһ·ˣǷ·ڿˡ
ܶΣʿҪǰܹص޷ʿˡ
˵۾͵ͫ£ƺܵʲôһ˲Σ
ûӦƽѾ仰˵꣺
ȻˣܹһҪʿǿһʮɰǧˣҲһѡ𡣡
ƽԱⷬľһЦ
԰ۣѾ֧ʵ硣
Ȼȥؽ
ѲһȦĿ˾ϡ
ӣ޷׽Ŀ⣬ȴƺѾи¶Цݡ
ˡ

ι̵Ǹ̨ױˣһ𱻹ڸ֮ϵ񣬿ͨÿһ̨ףһֱʽ֮ʱ׷ϻС
һ
ǰǻԣ·Ҫǵĵס
һ֣óס


134 
ⳡеʢȫĵֱӳ, ǽ£Ҳ洦ɼǽֵǳƾ׵۵
زѧⳡ̸Ӯ, ݶвʿ֮һ̽ѧľ
ѧͻشѧ޳ֻѧӶ޵ӣǱɵʿ, ǰѧѧ, 㿶øΪ֮Ķ
ѧ涯ɲСͲȥ
նɸӲݺϿһ·Ǩຮıأ֮˶ٶЩӦ, նɸʵ̫ݵĻҰ㹻ҲƽֱӽնɸĿռԽӵʵ֮С
˼Ĺ, նɸĿռ˸, Ϊʵ̫, ̶̼첻꣬ټնɸеʦ, Ӹ۴ӣһֽи칤̡
ټնɸΪ֣ѧΪֽߣѧնɸڵĵطݴ, ѧԱħ֮һĿռ, ֮, ѧΪ뱱ڡ
նɸеʦµĸ߽ʿ, Ϊθ߳ҲԪӤڣѹסȺ۸ڶʦ
ƽͺȫģ˦˦ʮѣ񽻸֮⼸նԼﲻ֪ıЩʲô
һڼȻۣƽʱҲЩԹ
Ŵ죬ƽͷһس⣬ʱͥԺлͷרעʣһߵùܣʱ仹û
ѧȻһġ
㵱˦ƹѧ˾Ҳû۵٩ԺԺɶΪġ
ƽдЩ΢ĶԹϢͬ飺ѧѧӣԶ
ǰûǸôԴˡСһ䣬תʵЩԼʲôء
ƽЦЦӽͳһСƿƿӺͨ͸ܹüмöɫԻõĵҩ·һУȥ
ƽЦζΪĳЩЩ⡣
ĳˣ۲⡣
ƽȴûٽֻͣǿǰһųɫҡڵ߽
ɨۺֵۣ㾹ûߣǴѧפˣ
΢΢ʼ磺ôһ˶⣬һҲɡ
ֻһҪѧϾǱƽСܵģ䲻鲻ԸβҪƤҲҪѧ
ȻܷԼҷһҲƤ
ЩæúܣնɸѧĴйϰƽĶ壬ҩɡ
һ죬ǵת˻⡣
Ҫ˵ʮǣƽһβһ
ʩ˸ʪĻɣǿԶ彭ǧˮûôƬɫɪɪ֮ɫԵɪ֮һЩů⣬˸¥¥иһƲīӰѶࡣ
ƽڻֽճĽд˰ʫǧｭɽɫĺ󽫻ֽݸۣڵģҰ°ʫ߰ɡ
£Ĭòŵܵҡ
£ʽƽдµǾʫдº䡰«ۣ¥
д꣬Ҳû˵ϸպãֱ뿪
Կ⣬ֵΪλҪصд°䣿
ƽЦ
úд°䣬Ϊ
ԸʣǳԼݡ
ԣ
ƽüЦͬƽǳǳĵЦѵһ˲ģ̲סܿġ
ƽӦ£ڵţո꣬ʣȻġ
˵꣬һѾƳһۡ
Ȼδ˵װ׵ڰʾ˱ض㡣
죺
Щ׺ƽ׽˵ǲǶϹۣ
֪²òͷĵתкҪҪ˵
ƽ°һ㣬ʾ
һյ̸ᣬ۵ǸΪˣҾĪϤС
ƽüһĿ˼֣죺˵ϸЩ
ԷݣҲԷܹ꣬ܵǹϤС˵ʲô
̲סĥ˦˦ֱۣǿΪʱĸоȻս
ʵûоÿ־壬սѹֵķŭȴʵֻһ۾һֳ嶯޲ʳ⣬һѻ𽫶Էյĸɸɾ
ƽ΢΢һָܡ
߻˻Լͷ㹷ķΣһ֡ôⶼ֪ġĿɨ죬͵ὫԼһжиһˣýһж㣬ʧ˷裬ȱ˷裬֮ȫϵǷ֮Уǧǿҵ겨˵ǧǰͬǸżܵϵ
ʧѵƭҷˣ
ƽ˼Ƭ̣޿ܡ
˵꣬ȴԤһ㣬ָһ䣺嶯
ƽ˵껰Ѹ£ֻһǹҵȻ֪ڲǸ˵Ķ֡
ˡƽ˹شӽгһɵ«γ«ӣָ΢ϣӺ«˸ʲô
ߺ춨ȥȵط֣ƽӺ«ﾹȻק˸˳
ϸ˵ԷҲ㲻ˣֻǸʧȥ.ѡ
ǳûм⣬ƽקʱԷȻûзӦͫ͵һ۾òӦãŵ۾󣬶ֱˣǳʲôˣ
ƽЦһζԲ̫ðѰʹ
Ѱɫһ䣬ûΪǰץסԼһŮˣԼȴİ˵
Ǽᶨð׷ˣ֪ʲôҶ˵ġ
Ŀ٣걻ڴ˽磬.Ͻ磬һ˵ʲôʵĻ.סˡ
ƽĵ̾˿ȡǰƿеĵҩһѰ̾ߣûʵ˵ǣ˾û˼ˣ
ǵҩھ˲仯ڣѰֿѾȫҩ
ʵǲһȥ˰Ѽҵȫ鵤ҩ
ƽֶѧ˵ĵطЩֵĶģҪǡ
£ѰЦеΪѰʹƵĿȫƿĺö
ѧ
Ϥ֡
Ϣ̫ѰûӦͱȸʲôȫڱ
ƽ΢΢£ģѰ͸оεıݴ˷ѹȫ¶ʹı飬޷֮ʱͻȻɿ·ֻڶ棬ĳ̬һ㡣
쵹һƽı졣
ѧ˵ĵط
ЩֵĶ
ƽδţѰˣڲ˵֪ĶԼ
ѰɫһƬҵ

ʱѧʮĵطΧźܶˡ
ЩŸݸɲͬķΣ׷ŶʱЩʲô
ڶ˳֮У۳ʲô˶˾þȡ
һɫ£ؾۣڰڵ¶ѡ
ӵĻУʼδһʣǰŶߣѧķ
Աߣĵûȵ·ͼ̸λѣĪҲѧѧģ
ûᣬ·ҲգԹԵȻҲֲ۵ʿѧĻãôˣܵĹȥʶʶ˵ǰɡ
ȴһҲûжڣźѧͷȥˡ


135 Ĩȥټ
ƽ뿪ܵʱ, ˵Сѩ
΢һȺˣֻм˵ʦкûپԵˡ
ֻӻ΢֣µȥѧѧǲ̫ҵ, ⼸΢̫࣬ô
ܴ󲿷ֵطҲнǰʱǴʵʵͽɽȻȥѰķ۵㡣
βͬ, ɹܵĳзʽ, ȻȺӲһ
뿪ܣ΢ֱӿһ˻Ӧ, ۾һգоԼ˿УһŲһϡ
ԭ, ΢Ĭ˷, ৵һֱЩ, һ˲ʲô⣬΢е, ԭɿķٱ߿յķ紵ڶǰϷ
ƽһο΢ķз
ûʹؼ汸ıȣίʵЩᡣ
˵ѹҲҪκεķ󷨣΢Լõķ
ƽºͳ񷤱˽̫ʷڷܱʼ, ǰЩӵ̸ķ̫࣬û, ⼸˭⸱ģ, һ˱ŵһͷ, ɫĮȻ֪Щʲô
л£شյƽߣһ̫˼ıʦ㣬м£ʵں档
ƽ˰üģҪҺĹϵǲá
һԭĿ΢һֻ۾ɨ˹
л֣ǲǣʡ֮ǰҵףϹʱ֪׳Ժ֮֡
ǴϹż˺ܶϹʱŸɵĴУΨûصġ
лֻϹʱһĶĲãֻʱ޵ķչͲãûдʲô
濴µּлͻȻһδעĵط
Ľīдķǳӵʲݣܿóıʼ
һףֻж̶һ䡣
лͨɣȴܺãһ۾ϳǾ׺ǰƽһֻطͬ
ʱָоⱾʦδԵףҲϹʱ
Щƽϣ۽΢ãȷʵϹʱĶߡҲ˵
ʵһֻ˵ҹҲûйϵϾҹ޹ʵʷ֮Уʱ֪
һ̣ͻȻٱ¡
лǳ֪ʶȤ㲻㣬ǾͲ˵ˡ
Ҳֻٸʵ׵ˡ
л˿ƽ΢ۡ
ҹ׵׷лϲ²ѧʥﰲţûнȥ
ĸʵ˹еּع⳾ͼ˺ۣĽ׽ƽ£ֽԼԼռĸŸɵĴнˡ
Ψ˪ҽҹ׵ˡ
ǰΪ˪ţƽܽ軨׷Ķȥ͸ˣ˪Ҫѡʲôļ̳ˣԼ
ߡƽӿֳһĸܡ
ɽǰǳҵִͳµĽַ·ǰ
Ըκˣʵϳĸˣܹ͸ع⳾µöĶɽ١
ڣع⳾׾Լ·׼սɽ˪ڹжôҲδҪȥͷ
ǶΪ˸˲صĴۡ
ҹأ
ʧǶʷС
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ҪϸҹּгֵĴԱҪö࣬ǰЩѧɰͰ¹ʱ˵ľһ˸Ӵŵ衣
ʱЩɣ˿⽫ҹʷеĴĨȥˡ
ɶԷΪʲôҪô
ƽ뵽ɫһƬĮȻ
΢ķٶȺܿ죬ڱ߿еĴһʱ˵أվڵʱ˶ԼĽŲеƮ
ӵѩء΢ۣԶȥˡ
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ɽ
ӵѩȴɳۣ˸ǰ·
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ⶼˣȺҲΪܵˡ
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136 Ⱥۻ㼯
ӵѩصҹܳ, ߡ
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һ, ƽо˵Ϣڴˡ
ɨ۵棬ϳ󷨣Ūµϵļѹʯǰһ, ܿ죬ԼӰͷ·ʲô˽ȥ, ʧˡ
ʵ, ԭ, ֻӰסˡ
ƽƽ̧ǰ߽ԼʵʵĵӰ飬ף䵭ػ
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һ壬ֻ۾ĵطĿ϶öԷ
ƽۣɿ˼߻ʱ󻤷еļĻᣬԼʱߵ̬ȣû󻤷ʲôߡ
󻤷һۣЦǣжʱûˡ
ƽߵߣ䵭ҹֱػ߸¡
󻤷ζش·ӣȷʲôƽֻ΢׵̬
šȻˡ󻤷˫΢УȻȥ޽չĪ᲻뿪ˡ
ƽһģʵߴǰΪݣഫǵǣߵѾ
󻤷µ΢΢һ飬΢΢˿
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˸ۡ
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󻤷Щ΢ܶ㵹Ĳ
ҲãλͽļƻҲӷЩ
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΢ɽǳޱ䣬˻ԶѰԼһھʹϤֻҪ뵽󻤷̲סһʹ
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ƽ֣Ӧ
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ڵȵˡ

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ʢű±Ϊ޵ݣðŷѩɳԳ⡣
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ѧҪеѧ͵ԶȣǺЩˣԼľ֡
˽֮ڶ˵ǰѧʲôӵġ
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˵֧֧ⲻϿٵɹ鶼Դ¸Ȥе㵣Ǳϲ࣬ĺ͵ɹȣǻֱӾͷ붼ˡ
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137 
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硰һ䣺Ҳǵüīҹôְųض, ͸ѧ¡
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138 ѧ
ƽ, ΧԺֲʶΪɢһͨ
Ϲظ߳ȥʱչüԺȺ, һܶ˶ĵ⡣
㾿ǰԼĿ꣬ѧʱģˣǵλò
ƽü, ܴ𣿡
չüûڿûƴڻ
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ô˵չüֻüͷ΢, ȴûз¡

ѧᵽݺ󣬹챻ĹһΡ
ԭ̾ɽնɸ֮, ع⳾󷨾, ɽǴССĳǳ, ǧºңң֮أԶĿҰղܿͨ塢ħѧ·ڡ
ʱѧǱնɸġ
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۸ѧķһؿռתƵλӰ󷨣ѧ߳ȥʱʱͬƣͨͬĵط
һѧֻܿѧնɸ󲿷ֵĵط
ѧһݻԭϵĹµ
ѧѾȺ˺ܾãûа㽹ơ
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ͬʱΧȺҲĽš
ΪаλɹڳԼѧ
ǵѧԻûʼλܴ꼰㡣
ǰλķΧʵЩ졣
ϵıۺ΢һһԶ֮ȲҲֻ֣ɢһЩ˽ŵĽա
īҹδͽ֮ʱԺһʱյĿΣҪϸϢǼīҹ
׼һĸƲκˡ
ıݻǴڣڳĵɹ飬ֻ΢˶ʶ
΢¸Ľʱ䲻̣ҪϤĺ˵ʱաڻʱܵӣʱ΢һƷ
ħ𡭡΢ĳһսͬħ𽻵֣ʱǻδɾ͵ɹ飬߾ħ֮Ħ֣ǲʶǶ˶Ϊɹ飬ҲֱǱ嶥֮ˣҲһѻ
ƫƫΨһܵյ΢ǸӹŴӲƵˣָͷΧûܡ
ϢȺϵ൱ӵ֮У˿
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ѧĴ´ʱϢ΢΢˿
֮ϣѧĴų״򿪣˺ԶѧԼտʼλ
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ЦλԽɽԻ֡
īҹȻؽѧ֮С
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ɹ㳡ϵκܿѧ⻹ڵȺ
΢һɨȥɲˣ֪ô
˵ţͻȻʲô̽ͷмļīҹʹϢϢԺҲģɣʱģ
ϢʮֺƢһһصԺڶݸݸпͳһʱҪԺѡԼݸǰȥɡ
֪̾ѧδá
ͷȫˣ΢΢һЦ΢΢һץ㳡ϵͻȻ
ֻת˲֮䣬Ѿ˶оһݵתʽ˾ȵط֣Լˡ
ϢȻָղŻڸԼ˵΢ͼīҹȻʧ·֮Уⷽռ֮гԼֻаããһƬ߳Զú󶼻Զ߻ԭأɷ鰸
ŲͬȦͬصԭأϢ˼󷨣ǣʵĿռиתƣԹ̻ڹ㳡ϵΪУĶƣ󷨷ָΪС飬ÿӾһС΢еۣλϵˣֱӱ㴥󷨣תƴ͵̻մС
԰գϢ૵ַʶȴֲͬ
˼ҡͷЦЦʱ䣬㳤١
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仰ƽˮһЦһ
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ƽδ˵ﴫһŮˣǰУ԰ԡ
ƽие˵
ʲô
ҸԸ֮ΪԺԡ
Ȼû̫۾ƺ
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۶£ֵ˵Ǽ¹γ⣬ƽӹ뿪ʱһ𡣡
˪
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һۣԭˡ㽫½˹ȥ
˪ĬĬתƽϣһ
ҪҪ㡣
л˵


139 Ժ
ǰˮֳ, ǰμԵĿͷȫһࡣ
йܱʼ飬Щصһ򳤾ͷβ¶
дץ
˪ſŷ֮һƳˮǰ, ЩЦҡͷ̾Ծ湻ȱµģʲô˲Ż⣬ʲô˲д 
ƽרעؿˮҲһݡ
׼ȷ˵, ڳڻնɸ˯зݡ
һݰɵš, ġʷ뵽ȫԾ˪ҽͷѧĿⶨ۱ޱķ, ͷһר⣬ƽԼ˷飬ϴѧļϰһʷȷ⡣
һ, ƻ㼯˵иӢ, ֮벻ץѡ
Ե̫, ˮǽԲֳɵС, ˿Ҫۻƽúϸ
ûָܹдַ꣬ʽжóķѡ
üһеؿƽһ, ʵݵ˵ѧڲòͬķԺ, ררһ, д£
ô¡ƽ, ˿裬ֻǺûɶѣô
ʱѧˣһȫܹ֧Ժ뷨ֻǺսͻȻѧȿԽİǨߣ˸ظսʱˣ뷨ҲͲ֮
ЦûʲôֻǾáеɡ
ԺʱϢԺų˵ѧãڿҵ̫ӣʵȣپĵ޷ȫڸѧӣвѧĿҵ뿪ȥѰһͻơ
ͬҲܿϧԺûôܹһ֧֮һŵһԺĽϰҲʱá
סСﲻҽֵһұΪܹģȻд˸˾Ųʮ
˪ͻȻƳƽͺμ̵ĶԻ
ƽѭ˪Ŀ⿴ȥһЩϤ۲΢
ˮһһ۵Բش⣬ʵٶȱҪЩȴȣóϺЩΪţǳЩպ˵ģֻСӡ
ǵãӦǽкѩ
ǰڿʱ͸ѩֵĵһսĶиӡ̵ҽ޹һѨĹƯѩһ񾳵ĳ£Ǳûټ棬û뵽ԷҲμѧĿˡ
˪ѺѩһСЩŴϸѩÿһ⿴ȥԽԽ⡣
꣬ѩҽֵ⣬һҳƪ⿪ʼ˪Ťͷƽܸѧ׼ʲô˰ɣѵҪ˭Ķѡ˭רһ˲ƽɡ
ƽҡҡͷЦ㼱ʲô滹һֿأһжδۡ
˵ţЦƳ˪˵ˣ㿴еˣδѡѧѵͻŹɣ
˪Цü˽ҡ
˵һ̵س˳ȥع۲ԼеСŮޡ
ʮʱѵ⺣֮¹ĺܿ죬߳ʿ⣬кٲֵķˣȻʿһʮʱ߲Ҳ٣дԼ֪ĿſϿʼ߽ʿĴ⻹Ǳ˶ҪȵģдһһҹҲδͣʡ
˪ȥıӰ˼
˵ıԡˣ˼ͬһԾרŷ˲ͬĵ࣬ӦòֻΪѶȰɡ
ٶԺ۵ǿ϶ģ˵꣬üͷ΢٣ԼЩɻ󣬡ɡڲϹʱˡ
仰û˵꣬˼ȴˡ
ڲϹʱˣЩܹһ֧֮һԺĴѾˣѧڲ÷ԺЩ˿ԣ
ۺܿ췴Ӧ˹Щλɹһ뿼ԵĿԭǡ
δ䣬˻ȥ
ƽһָڴǰü΢䡣
Ǻ۸ɰͰ͵˵˾䣺ưǰ
ƽʮã
԰գʳָ㣬󷨷ָڲͬռеֻĿռһĲδüţϵԾʹͻȻƾʧƺǱĳӲһ㡣
ڸǣһֿԽˡ
īҹܵⷽռͻȻżѸʧü΢۷Щ
ĵˣûҪӿ¡
ʹָش֮еѾԶһɹľˡ
īҹڽϣ̲סЩ档
λٶٶĴǧǰµһˣ񾿾ǺεΪ
΢ĸȴЩ
вסػʱǸˮīɽӶ֮еľһƳ
Ȼǰ˶ǸĿġ
ֻĵ׵ЩĿ⣬иеڴ
һۣǸˮīɽӶеˮīɫԶıӰۼ򣬻ŵ
е˼δ΢ֻռһǿҵƺҪųⷽռ䡣
ǿ΢Եֵһգ۵Ĺ͸оԼƺƳԭڵĿԵĿռ䣬ѣεʱܿ죬ȵ΢ٶȿʱȴȡ
һɽһˮһһľޱϤ
Ϥ
ʦ㣬ôͻˣզ΢ͷľЩǵ񣬡㲻ȥμѧѧôôͻˣ
΢Ƭ̣촽£û˵
ٻ¶ãȻģΪѡ˲ʧǣ۵òˣæ㣬һѧѵѧûϾûϰû£֮ǰ˵ʲôĻȫǺ˵档
ʱ΢һʵС
Լ˫ֿ֣ӣͻȻֺݺ˰ӵնˣʹʦ
۵ı飬΢ɿ֣üͷȴ
ġ
һ˲䱻Զݵѧͻصܡ
ʲôûеõ
ͷһѵõȻʧ΢һɻŲƽʧѹȥȴ޷ĵ׸ʵ
ԣܾ͸¶

ͬһʱ뿼ԿռĲ΢һˣˡ
һ˲䣬ǶصԼԭĵطͷĿѣĸоδɢ˵
㣬ҵĽ
īҹʱЩȻ
ǰӴһòĺɫۣñסǰ¶ñժߣ¶
Էı飬ӲĹ˹ǣǰǰһϹż͸¶ݣһֱڡ
īҹűޱϤ÷׵ʶʵҪҿĽʱǰ𣿡
÷׶£ǣҲǡ
δִҽûָ㣬ҳɾȲ˽յĽ
÷׻еĻش
īҹȴܾЩ

ѧƽ¥ȼһŷ
ŷȼյٶȷǳʱȥֻȼ˲ķ֮һдķֽ֮ƵһЩ
רоŵϹ̶󷨣̧ͷƽķ
ƽĶۣǺۼӵһŷССķֽϼûп϶Һͬķ˿һ۶Ρ
ŷʲô̲סʡ
ЩڣѾǹ˽Щðˡ
ƽȴ⣬֣ɷȼպµڵϣһ΢⡣
λ
һ֣ƽĪЩ鸡УֵؿһۣδӦͿƽһģǰȥ
ʶǰסƽϵأôߵĸӣ䵽ﾹȻôᡣ
ţ۽ƽ뱧סƽڵϡ
ʱƽȻ۾ƽȣշźΣûκε쳣
ۼæȥл˻ȴԼ̳˵˪
˪һڵʧȥʶƽĵ©һģƵٶȳ嵽ƽߣʮعһ׶ˮ
ܿ죬˪ϵıɵǽű˹졣
ԣСʵôˣ
˪ڰ֣ɰͰ͵ûûʲô£ˣϢ¾ͺˡ
ۣ
źɵܺƭ
˪ʵǸô˵ѵˣ׵ɺԼҲ飬ƽᱧӰһ߿ƽķţ·ذƽ˴ϡ
÷ź˪عͷϸһƽ龪ȹ֮мЩԻ
ǡˣ
ǵƽûȹơ
ҡԼжû𣿾ȻҺȾƣ˪ֵذѷ䴰ȫãƽߣȴžɢȥԼתѡ
˪֪ǣǰƽȷʵûȾơ
ɾһٶ๫вܶһȺʿǣѾ췭졣
л˵


140 ѩԭ
ӵѩصĺҹܳ, ˳˯òʵתʱ⻹ǳҹɫ
Ŷ, ƽһ˶ƾԶɽķ
ӵѩصҹصĻǶ˾ס
ܣѾʼˡ
ܿ죬½, ̫ʷԼ, ٵ˵
ƽŽҪɹĶѩԭ溮ޱȣѰ, ӵѩƵҩů
Ƕϲˣ񣬳ӵѩص, ֱ֮ʱȥӵѩصҩ̡
ҩ̵ϰս, ѵûŵ, һͷʮؾ٣һ, ȻλСǱģϰӵѩصҹɡ
ǼֲһͨģǱĿˣӵѩػûء
ϰǸˬˣƽ½, ϰָչźɫҩƿǾҪҵĳҩСƿıůЧЩ, ԼĪܱʱ, ƿĹЩ, ůʱҲЩԼĪʱȻˣΪԽߵģůЧҲԽá
˵꣬ϰǻЩãȻʵҪȥҪȥʲôѧģ˵ҪʮƿƿҩññɳҪɽپ͵һ׼ʮƿƿˡ
̫ʷϰ壬ӵѩȥѧȥɽľ벻ӦòΪνɽҪ׼ҩЩ
ϰһȺէʿǶ˼ĵӵѩķȻδ˾סˣϹʱ˹ٵ𲻿ҲЩ·ָܹ߳Įģѩԭͬһģѩԭ͸Ϲһнٶ˵·żȺӣǲˣϽܵԶԶġ
ţѩԭΣճ̶ʶּЩ
ƽһСƿҩƬ̣ͷ̫ʷƽںϰ彲ۡ
ϰ˵Ƥӣֻһ䣺СƿһʯƿٰˣŲۡ
սҩƿ£ƽ˵ףתͷһ˱ƿСƿΧ롣
Щɵƶ˷ԣһ˴Сƿҩ׼ߣֱϰסˡ
ϰӳҵ״ĶӸǣЩɫӦҪѩԭɣûǣѩԭòҪһʱ·˳ҩǵ.Ҳܲס
۾棬͵ҽǵģǵûҡ
ƽ΢΢Ƿĵϰл
ѩԭǰһ̷һƿСҩ̤ѩԭһӣ˾Ϊʲôϰ˵Ҫѩԭһʱ
̫ʷŴѺصĴִѣӽóַŻȥöˣ
ҩҲ̫˰ɡ
ֹ̫ʷ˺ҩ֮󣬶оظ֮з·лȼգյ̵ģѩԭıѩðͷĺ
ֻڲѵº.ֱѩԭ캮ضһܡ
ϰǵ˴á
״صֻܱ۾ĵطͨ͸ĻҺɫƬϺѩ׵۵ѩԭһ㵭Ļϣ۾˲١
ѩԭշСʱȣڵһƿҩҪʧȥЧʱغһƿҩ
ƽһʱ۽Σȷ̡
ҩӺǳľ㣬ȥȴûаζƽزҩҪɷֹζǲݺŹǲȻʹлƾƵζҲĹЧһζҩζжϲʲô
ѩԭĴܶ࣬շ˰ʱ˰ʱɽԶԶǰƺû١
̫ʷһѩѵߣһߵ˵ǰֻѩ֮ɭһСط캮ضɽԭ̲ģǱѵõ澰ǧǰལΪ֮ٵƣսڴ˵غɽԲ㿪ʼƮѩϣ£ųƬѩԭ
̫ʷ˵ֵ꣬˽ģҲ֪Ǽ١
ƽĬɽȴġ
뿪ǰɽģ
;Уһֻѩޡ
Ⱥݡݺ͕Nݵ˵һμѩֶ
ЩѩϵƤëѩ׵ģѩԭΪһ壬쳣޴ӵ߸صƤëëӲ롣
İѩԭս˼æվ棬ӵѩصķȥ̫ʷµؿŵ𽥳ȺѩޣȻ׿޲̸ǵ尡
صӵѩʱϳֵʱ䣬˶Ҳů˲١
һСЩ˳ģɸһˣͷƽЩԡ
ɫ
⵹ҲǸմѩԭֺ˳ҩ϶źΡ
Գٻ
ʵҲϾ캮ضĵطʲôЩ
š˵ƺҲƽ˵㣬ǳ˵ٶȣ˹ظСˡ
ҲЩãȻ
Ͳˣ
𵱼ս˹еؿƽǰ˻Ρ
ƽֱ̧֪ۣؿŸķ
зӦࡣ
⸱ģҲ
ɿ˼ţղѩʱû˰ɣ
ƽæûУǶûѩޡ
ѵ˰УлðһЩıƣѵǰеˣ
̫ʷҲˣɣ
һУȻǸʳ޵żҲ̫ҽ޵ĳƽ󲻽û£һ¶ûС
˵ţƳƽᣬóۡ
Ǻˡ
ƽ¿ϻһδľƣҲûȾư
ڵʦˣʦһԷʱʦôǵξƲմġ
Ӧ˵ʤȡ
ȻҩӦ÷Щƣʦǲʤˡ
˵ţЩ
ӺµһƿҩڣѾʱˣѩԭŰûУԭһֱǿżֵسǡ
ƽ»ҩǵζľ⣬ãȻ
ɡҲ̫ʤ˰ɡ
л˵


141 
ѩԭļƻΪƽͻĺʱ
ûƽ, һʱΪ棬ȫսΧۡ
Ӧ˵Ȼմƾ, ƽľƷȴܺã㲻֣ѩԭһ·Ƶڲűǿһ˿ߣϸ̬
ֻٱЩ, ȴ, ѵظСˡ
ˣƽͷ˫ؿ۾, ̵˵Ҹʲô
ҡͷ˼˵ȴЦ
ÿɰ
ǰƽǵӡºʹ, ȻΪ֮, ԴܺصΣʱȴг, ƺֻҪڣͲʲô⡣
Ȼ̫Сʦ, ȷеͽʦ㡣
էһһ΢ЩԺƽ˾ϡúܡ
ԭҲһ档
ʳΪȴңݵķ, ϰһȣΧ˶Сպϳ, ŨҾ, һһıط顣
ڳ֮иʳ, ʮԾС伸¾ɵذһƬɾȵıƬлԼҹȣʮֵؼһСʦζ
ʮá
ƽº͸͹˲࣬ʮʳƽһƬţҲ˵ţʱʶѹͲѡ
ƹѲñصľƲ˵˾ƾҲˣҲڳֻǾƺ׼ƽѹƵһֱʸ꡵̫ʷ˾۾һת˸С
Ϸô̫ʷóһ֧ɾıʷϵת֧ʣʼָҪشת˵һ⣬ʵڲشģһϷΣ
һǱܷ¼еİŰɡ
̫ʷϺɫΣҵΪ֪ģҾǶЩ¸ȤǲԸдģ֪һҾдһ֡
ƽºȵеͷˣһӣʲôⱲûʲôдĶ
˵˰һСɾĵط̫ʷѱʷм䣬׼תһֻ޳ؾͻȻȵذס֧ʡ
ãȻؿƽ֪ΪҪôžͷƽ৵һͻȻվżⲽһȦ˼̣ⷽ㲻ôżʵʵ÷󡢸Ȧ㶯ȥ
һУƽٲ죬ʮˣ⣬ҪᱣԼġ
ˣ
ƽ¿ĿİͰ͵˻û
ýƽǰ˻ΣƽҲŸֱֶضŸûж
ջ֣ʮȷš
ȻҲ˵лȤҼǵʦ֮Сģǹǽˡ
ʱתһʼָǸ
̫ʷΪ֮ܰſڱǣʦƽźʲô
ĿһͣãȻһΣԼȹĲ̫ǰʮꡣ
Ҫźʱࡣ
ʵʱ˵ҲѣĸʱСƫͼСӣȴҲ֤˵Щʱܻ뷽跨Ҫǿסĵط
Һ֪ԭһЩĵǴӿյһʼġ
Ϲżܵ;Уһ˶ݵϼңûȥֻԶԶĿһۡ
ǸطеķΧŨ񣬶ںܶෲ˶ԣ߶Ƕ˰Ĵڡ
꣬˳ÿ죬һòرϤھӶѾʶŴֱҿ
ԶԶһۣ״ŵܵܰԵĺҶĸſӭţϸյܵѧѧЩʲôΧڡ
Ҳ֪ΪΣԼԭôķͻȻɢˡ
ͻȻʶúòãûгϢܲܳǸҶԣǶˡ
ҲãûҲգ˭һ
ˣϸʵҲʲôź
ҪźܸһܵĿĲ
˶ѡ
ǲ˵Ķ
õĳĬ÷ΧЩΣлԲƱһ
ϣ졣
̫ʷĨ˰ѺѸ߳˰Է롣
ƣֵתʣ⣬Ƶתţղͣƽǰ
ƽգ۾Լıʼ⣬ֵ£ͼѷīͳ֧ʱһĳ嶯
ԣæס̾˿֪״̬ͱָ˵Щʲô֮ΣʱĹϵʵȥѩΪβ˵һ
ԭָЩõĶû븵һڣƾֱ׳ʣϸƷ֮£Щµί
ʮ˳شʧл˰Եģװ⣬ʵϸеƽĻش
ԭˣʱϾ˵ĹϵУ裬Щʲôû˵ƵĽ֣ƽ￴ŵҲгϤ˵ģܿЩߡ
û뵽ƽؿ˸һһ⣬ûش㡣
ƺѾʶ̫ѣȴס̫ʷ˵ϷץֱߵľƱ׼ȡ
ҩһζĻȣסֶƱԵһһ⡣
˵꣬һ¿ˣһҲûʲôʵģֱհ̫ʷ⣺źʲô
û뵽⣬ƽͻȻһ°
˺þã˵Ǿ̫ˡ
ѵһȥѪòִݻ٣޲ź
Ҫ۸֣Ӧиʼյò𣬿ΨһܸҽˣѾˡ
ͻȻһ˲ܿͱƽƣʼת˳㡣
һÿ˶ͷε˵Щﻰ
̫ʷŻܱʼ飬׷ƽһѹ⡣
ǰϲƫڻ̿ڣ
ƽ룺ʳ
еʱǰЩʲô
ƽָϻһߵ
̫ʷĿ棬һذ⣺ǰϲʲôӣ
˶Ѿȵ죬Ҳɱˣ׷״ս˹
ƽͻȻһ²˵̫ʷҪȥȾƣæشĻһʷལǰλǰģ
˷ˣΪֹгõĺõ֪֮˶꣬ǾƲȥ˵ģиĸŮƽ仰˵ʵƽ㸸˭
Ȼལͷ趼һǧǰ֮С
ɴ֮֮ǰǰܻŻ˵λҲһϢд棬ֻδ¶ء
ƽգգ۾˼
˼ļ϶¼˿ʼ˾
ƽ¸ʹ˸ɫʾԼվལġ
ҡͷʾԼǼᶨ赳
꣬ƽʮּᶨ˵Ȼࡣ
ףΪϲ賶һ
Ǹԭˣ˵ǸˣǿŤֹϣ費ǣҲ˪֮ˣҲ֪仯Ծֲ
һģЩ޵̾Ϣ
డˡ
仰ڳ˵ľⶼɢˣ˷׷¶һܵı齻
ƽͣдţûɣལ
̫ʷɿؼǱʼǣ˳һ϶ĵͷûưưˣʦ׵ལûˡ
ּû뵽һǧʷȻࡣ
ƽûȺ˵˾Ũľ㣬һžƺżĽ磬ɵһԾݶ
ӵѩصҹٵú磬ĵ涼Ѿֻ̯Сջ΢ĵƹ⡣
һ㶣æ׷ȥڿջݶϺƽžƣҲȣɽķңһľҺ£϶ذһƶ꣬¡
ҲʵлƬ̣лЩȣǰѰóݸ
ƽڲ˲벻شһ֧ӣûȲʦңʤɡ
лȻ֮ǰӡ
˱Щ΢ȷǴͬһӣ
лᡣ
ƽ²µĸסûдֻ֮ת
̫ʷͻȻ˵֪𣬱и˵֮սԼԸдڷֽȼգǾһܹʵ֡
ƽһߵô֪ôϡŹֵĴ˵һ̫ʷ׵ıʿʼҷֽ
ܿ죬ƽķֽһ˷һţдúÿ˸ѷֽճɻҽ
Σ̫ʷ̲סǶдʲô
бۿ
̫ʷһ˵˵ҪӢۺܣΪǰ޹˺ߵʷѧҡ
еĻҽƵдǣԸʳһҶ𣬲ҪҶա
ƽ¶󺰵ҪΪһʦ
ָڵİԸ
л뿿ݶεǵԸҲ̫ΰЩҲֻͬԸ֮лסԼļ˲֮ࡣ
ܺðƽѾˡ
˱ֿأ
ָ⻹δķңᵯ
ƽʶЩ磬Ժ룬Ըлһ
дµȴԸһ
նɡ
ƽٷŻˣһһ֣ص
Ҫնɡ


142 ػ
˶˯˸ѵõĺþ, ƽãƺ˵ĻȴǣߵĹòų
ƺø, ˵ĸˡ
˽ѩԭʵ˲ҵģȥЩҩüʱӦҩ״̬ѩԭȥ̽һ
ƽ, ֻȥӵѩؼҴ͵ҩ, ˲ҩĻɾǰȥҩһҡ
ϰϳٿҩ, ȻСǴԼҩǻֱֳɵģ˵ʵɣҩļ۸ǲ, ҪΪԭϱѵ, ûҩ, ۸ѾǼûʲôӯͼ, ӵѩصѩԭıرҩԲһֱûǹۡ
ƽЦЦ̫࣬Ƕϰ˵֪˵, ҾԼԣҲҩԲԡ
ϰ¶ͣСҩʦҪܰѳҩҩ, ͷԸ㵱̶ҩʦ, Ҹɡ
ƽ˰, ŴСҩĻ˿ջĵһػ׼ʼ
ǵҩǰĳҩǰҺ塣
ƽ˰üģǳҩв˾ƣҲ÷⹦һĵҩ
ƵҩĹ˷ɢӵѩظȥ̽Ϣʱǻƻʱ֣Χƽµķ䣬մһЩյջ񣬾ͼƽ˽΢Щƣ
û˵Ȱͬƿϣƿģƽ´һԼʮöĵҩѰҩҪСЩֻĴָǴСܶ࣬Ҳֻһʱ䣬ȫˣҲѹֱôƣۡ
ҩЧƣʱЩһöҩɵʱһƿ㹻ȥɽڲһء
ƽһ˵ţһ¸Լ˱裬ʵʲôջ񣿡
̫ʷƵҩƿջɴˣǰѩԭϵһЩˡ
һӵѩɽһ·ĵͼǣطѩԭϽĲվƽ˲ֻ࣬ӵѩصɹٻֵأ׼㹻֧˴ӲվصӵѩصĳҩǱ˲վҩҪǵڰҩȥ
̶ҪһƽأҪܿѩ޺徭ûĵطѡӵѩغɽмشʱ֮ڶܹﵽվ
ţڵͼ黭һߣͨ˵ҹͲҪѩԭߣѩ޻ݷһҹѩԭѩ޵ãͬʱߵҲʱҹɫѩԭɨⶼΣյģ˵ѩԭҹ֮󣬻һص֣е˾϶ʧȥãѩԭû˾ָʧȥ򡣡
̫ʷ˵꣬ƽҲʵĺ̫ʷ޼ЩϢ
һصһ̽һϢѩԭػߡ
˵עȥʲôػߣ
ƽ»Ҳǽӵѩؼؾ˵ģ˵ӵѩиõĴ˵Եѩԭ֮иػߣҪʱ֣ʱ¹б£Ϊָȥķ򣬸ŵѩ޺壬ǲѩԭҹʧ󣬾ȥѰѩԭеŵһֺɫС˳¹ָŻıǰܵȫĵطȵضȹҹ
ƽ£˵ػߺٻֱ¶棬ôۼ޼ϴ˵ֻٶǰۼǸѾţô꣬λػһֱӵѩصĴ˵
ƽĬĬţ˽ϢóʣڵͼȦȦȥطʵع۲㡣
˵꣬ü΢΢£𣬺ܿƽ
֣ٶȸܵ󻤷Ϣӵѩس֡
ֹ󻤷һˣӦû˲ʹ
ӵѩʲô

ѧУͬ˯ȥһҹǸƽתѡ
˪٩񣺡Ǻ˶ٵµģ
ƽŶͷεǹˣǸЩƣȻӰ쵽塣
˪ĴرߣһƱʣķĿ©ʱǸӦӰ쵽ģǸʶѣȴߵҲܵӰ졣
԰գ˪̾һսǸֻջɣ֮ػãҲùķʽͬʱ塣ţѧ˴ĵѾǰڽŵ²ȣǶܿж

ƽ˵˾䣬ȴ˵ԷھѾжˡ
˪˸ۣ
Ҳǵ˰˱ùôĲˡ
оԼ״ЩƽٻˮŲͬˮ֮ÿ˵ľʵĹأҪҪһȥ
˪Ҷ˵˽²Ȥ
ˮˣƽһŷȴ޲ΪԼѧʧܣ˻ȥ
ƽȴǰѧ֮УиСУԴ¡
ָ㣬ˮĳŴ
װ׾СڴĬ𾭵˪
¸ˮ˪Ҳϳ˶ԷϤϢ
ǡ˪һ˲ĵӡѵ˵
еؿƽƺѰһ𰸡
ӦûԼĪʱͬλ塣
ͬλ壬ع⳾оۡ
ʿУʲֻأתһ˵
ڤڤ֮Уسع⳾ȥʿһΪƵһ壬ӵƵ壬ߵ϶ȣǸѾ𻯵ʿδһʽڣǶⲢתȴҲܸһοĻᡣ
֮裬֮ҡ
ܹǧһ»˻ɺϣع⳾׼ÿһı
ƽ˵ӣŶϺһ֮ˮһ£Ӱ˲䶷ת뵽ˮ֮С
ۻûӦովȣ㿴ǰԶ΢Щִ
˳úרע˿ûʶڼ֮Զĵطճˡ
ۺǿǣ
ƽղõŷλһΨһʵǿġ
л˵


143 һ
λĻþ, ΢ʶλɹҪࡣ
ʿս뵽ԪӤͻ᳹׹̶ˣ΢ƾ磬òͶ˶ʮʱ, δı䣬ƽǰ΢ӡе΢ᣬΪʡ
λ˼壬ǻŷйһ, ֻ»һεӡ󡣡ƽźǰȥ, վ΢ӵߣԷȻΪ
ʦ㣬һִ, ΪҪ֮λ
ڵźһ׵ʣӸɬδҪѵöࡣ
΢Ҳһ᲻, ֪ġ
, , Ұ̫壬úҵ̫, 񲻿ա
ӿһȽӹ֮λ
ƽܲмܴ¼ǡжйأ΢򶴸⿪ʱҲͳΪ˴ĸʱһʿ, ִܣŵʱ䲻, ܿͽ֮λԼʦ, Լ˾̫, ֮ܵ
ĻӦٶǰ顣
ƽһۣ˵㡣
ڰ֣һԭأǰɫȴת仯̫ת˺ɽ¡
ʱӱǰѾЩȻ΢ǰȻѣǰôԳŵˡ
Ҫȥͷ۵ھƾֻһ֮һƾԾɹ飬µĸֱ᳹״㣬ʱǰȥһۣܰʲôġ
΢ŪָͷҲ̧ƽܹҪһ˵ģ磬ҡҪȥ֤һ¡
Ӵֲ
аɣǧġֻܶһغܡ
Ƭ̣ԭشת˰죬תͷȥݺݵض΢㽲λӸҵʱһն԰ɣԼȥðգһܡ
΢£ûסƫͷȥ¶һЦӵķڣúøɡ
ƽǰؿĻƽ΢УлһĨɫ
΢ƾɹǰȥ죿
治֪
ЩؿǰرãʵþУܹǵĹȥ
һΣһȻйȥġƽؿ΢ڻþжȹںδǻþ鹹ģǿǹȥʵģǽʱ䲻ԡ
ԭˡ
ƽûй̽˹ȥİãȷһָһٶתʱڿھþ΢
ͬܣͬ΢ˣȴȫȻͬ
þУӶ΢ѧѡΪ𾪣Сذοһ΢ҲãСɽǰ㲻ǶСɽڱصҲúú׼ıһˡ
þиоʱţƽźۣһ·΢ϷȥҵһƧɽе˿עСľݡ
ľ˼Ϊ󷨣΢һλɹܵϢڸǡ
ս뵽ľ΢৵һ¾Ͱźʹ࣬ƺѾϰʹĸоϴϢ
¶ɫ΢ǰǡ
λػش֮ǰ΢ڵ֮µһˡ
ǸʱһƾɹˣΪޣսҲһܹʤ𣬿ʼ֪Ǹʱĵһţܵ΢ˣµһˡ
ǿӹɡ
˭Ҳû뵽ǿı΢صơ
Ϣ֮΢۶ܹܵ΢Ϣúͷ޼
ƽؿ΢Ƭ̣׻һĨɫնΪǳǳһ̾
ԼǿƵؽɺ룬ϸشطʱϸƲ񻯣αװģطöˣܻʧЧʱ򣬱ˡ
ɺˣüͷȻû΢Ϊλɺ˳ϹϵһΪλɵĵ㻯
ǲԸܵ㻯ҲɺأƽŴŷЦΣôĵİ˴ɹ֮Ужɺˣ
ãȻգգۣһ³˵ס
Ҳסô
ƽۣת뿪Сľݣ߰ɣһ
۽ŲЩ鸡ظôһſˣ
Ҫˡƽһּ֣ġ
Ǳ˵ľΣþз飬һҪʡǸ⡣
ƽ΢˵ǸӻǸп
ѾԼѡ񣬲Ҫٿˡ
ǰ޷ȷѾˡ
Ϊʲô΢ͻȻҪһϸٵʹΪŵӣΪԼҲйľԼʳɺˡ
ƽãԼ΢ЩԵ֡
΢ΪͽΪͬľԼδʶɵıδҴʱѾƽ߹·
ʶ粻ԾͼȥԼ˲صĴۡ
ĺ
Ѿģ΢ںܶǰѾ˻ش

һˣ硣
ƽ˿صڱߵɽվһҹ
˪ļͷųһҹ
գʱͻȻۣűݺնһǵ𣬳ĵüĵĳɫ·Ŀ
һκһҪ
صΪָһˡ
εĻþ΢Ҫöࡣ
ڱһֱչСɽῪʼΪ˴ɹ֮һȻÿ׵֮һ
еСɽᾺ쳣ң֮½һһֵѪսŻСɽȴ·ţ޲
ǳѪսʮʮգ˶ˡ
ûȵֻȵʧȥ˽ıϽԺ޹˼ɵռ˽磬ܷɡ
ܿ죬ǰ˸µӹͬԿµϽˡ
˭Ҳû뵽İλɹ֮УȴмϽǰѸٵ꣬ǲǲ뷴Ǳˣ޷
ʱδƵֻ΢ˣ΢죬һս֮ˣֻʣһˡ
ڼҵĽսУϽ֮˷ϵĶߣЦˣ취ƭɴˣΣҲֻʣһˡ
ⳡþУսϹ飬ؼããһƬѪɫ
ƽ￴ְԵƽû뵽Ǹ˱۵ˡ
Ѿ֮Уŵʵǡδ
ƽϹ룬ֻеδ
ǣĻþгֵģȻ΢
紫в϶꣬ĻþУѹΪ꣬ƾʱΪ΢΢뵽αһٵϸķʽƭɣΪ˼λɹ֮Ψһӹ˱ɺ˼ˡ
۳Ҳ˵λǰԺ񱱵ƾ֮ʱѾȳΪʹ
ݵĻϣܹȥ𣿡
ƽú۵üģֹЩûǸز
֮ɹȫֻԼ뷨һġƽ˼Ҳ£Ŀǰɹ飬Ӧһѡ
˿ûбο
ĵĶսһΪƣһϽֱӶ֣ǸõΣ
ƽڻþѪֳֶϵصԷһС
ɫģڷҡҷ
Һ뷨ͬǵĹأҾϣǰδеĴ󡣡
ƽѾ۾ɾϵѪ¶ҵüۡ
ԭǧҲȻȻ̤ͬһ·


144 һ
֪Ǻ, һȾѾûˡ۳˵һ߾ƶ֮ĵˣӵõʱ޷ֵ, ո𲽵ĸʱˡ
ǣ΢ҲãҲãҲãǰ̵ȥһϣã, ־绹ϣġ
ƽԺ˵̫, ע޷ΪĳȺͶ̫ǿҵĸ飬עΪ˲Ƶʧĸȫƾ, ʧȥȤԺΪͽҽԺɽ̵һʱպ, ʹͷ, ΪʼԺ֮, δԺԼĹ֮ء
ֱԲҴӲǻ£ƾϲ, ȴδ£ķ벻ɴ¾ߵ, ˭ǹһˣҲǽǸȻĽǰ˶ѡ
˼, մ, ҵԭ򡣡
ƽעŻþ𽥿ʼʬò
۴, ҵһδԭǼǰ¹γǣҴԭǸҲʶƽ
˵꣬Цһ֮Ĺϵ˵ûҪӽܣ𡣡
ʱż¹γǣܿͻŰٹ٣ȻҪͷȥˡ۴ӺͷһƵ̾ϢʱҲǷˣѾˣȻۻȥ
Щˡ
λŷͬ˵ʱһֹͬͣˣƽźһһ˵Ļش󣬼һһǿҲãСҲõʿδ
ǵδõģεԼΪѧһԱѧʱ󼰵ǿ󹦷ΪһܣΪ˵ɹ飬һ֮ң
εһ󣬹ȨϥӣЩյؿʼϣҲЩȲؿʼԼĳС
Ǵһһξ֮䣬һĪиӕNҶʿ
NǽеֲֵǶ֮һҵ֧츳㲻ϼãҵ֧ĴѹͼйŹ˳ųʵĻѹıŰ֮顣
գʶɹһգĵһ¾ɱңȫ壬ΨԼĸĸס
۴ӻþѪɺӵ߹ˣ̾Ϣ֪ΪʲôҪַʽĹˡ
Ѱŵڿˣǰ֪ѰĵĻڣǶٶ׼
λŷ֪ذǴ˻þ֮Уڻþ֪޾ضȹԼһûаľ֮ġ
¶˭ҲֻܲһΡ
ʵ뷨¶š
ƽЦʵÿ˵Ĺ󶼻һѡֻϧǸûеȵ
־˽˺һڵǶϤһλ
ƣɢҩ㣬׼ڴؽҿ¯¯ײɷĩĵҩʧ
ʧˡһʼ£¶轵Ͱ֣ǰһӿڵĻ𣬺ٻ£粺̲ݼʱʱ䡣
һԲҩƽʮֲض£ʰһҩᣬ˼֡
ʱ䣬׼ǰѧĶʮǰ
ʱѾǺ׷ͯգϲ͸¶̨ҹӵĽٶˡ
ƽ׼Ե֣㲻Ҳһ㡣
ڿյ۵棬׼Խݵʦ棬׼λ˽ʦûôϹΣֶеġ
ƽ̧֣¸ֳһεĳߣǰ޵Զŵϵҩջǲߣʱǰһٶꡣ
һ꣬ʱ˵һλʶɹʿ׼
޵½Ϊҩʥ
׼ͻƳ˵ԤϣڵʱУͻɹģ²΢ҲǱۣۼ֤˸ʱˣ׼ĺճһжԵôϳ
ƽ֪ʷҲ֣׼еõ˽
ҹɫѩԭ˱ѩתۼܽÿҰϵ˱ѩ
ҹصǲҳŵġ
ããҰѩ֮£ֻ׼һ˼ѷеӰ
һ·ɽķȥѩԭʧĴ󲿷˲ͬ׼ƵˣˣɽɽʱҲѾ춳ð
ǵޣ֮ǰ׼ĵҩԱů΢ƽ֮ʼһɽ
֮շеĵط綨ݻʳǣܱĴţͨΪµĽ󷨣ֹǷС
ɽ֮УҲκεĽȴҲ޷շУҪɽֻͽʵȥ
ۿ׼ǱӣȻϢȶӯҪƾףһֱڶ츣ƾ漫ĴԣӦصѡɽƾġ
԰գ۸пһ䣺ԼǺݡ
˵ţüͷһȵΪӦڰ۷壬Σһ꣬һѾʮʱ䣬ôʱӰ۷󾳽ͻƵɹġ
ԽÿƾĲľĴÿƾʱԽԽ
΢ߵɹһʮ꣬Ѿ
ɷ׼ϵһУԵ˲˼顣
ƽȴû˵ʲôظ׼󣬻ɽ
ߵԼĪ֮һһɽʱ׼ѾʧȥʵǵΡΡЩһͷȥ
˶ֱɽϴϯضﺬһöҩʼϢ׼ƾɽˡ
ƾ̲˳ʲ޺ޣԽƾѶԽ׶.˺Խߡ
ۼŵ׼£׼еĵҩǵҩЧѾեɣķ羡飬׵ֱϣĿܱǵҷ
Ĭ֪ǹȥ飬׼δĺúõģҲ̲סһ
ɾµǰϦ׼ϸͻȻһǿϸʵʵرû˵ֺ
ܿ죬׼ϸаӪկһ㶨γһССԲˡ
ԭɺ˾ƽ˼صΪɺ˵ĴڣԽ΢Ϊƾɹ𣿡
ƽüͷ΢壬૵ֵúŹ֣ƺǴɽӳġ
һǧʼʼնɻһ⡣
ɾѡʹġ
ᶨѡԸΪʹ˼Уһ׿̸ȴŴδӴ죬ĳһͻԼڶһɺˣ֪ԭԼǱɡ㻯ʹ
ƽ޷ֱԽԴĶֵģ²һǸ˺һѿڵķӡ󷨣εӰŴĵǡ
ֱ΢λɹаѲɺʱȷһʼڱɺֻǸ⣬׼׼ɳͷ㿪ʼʶѡĿꡣ
һֻɽܹ𰸡
ƽָٶȲʱƣǿ׼Լϸж˸ɺ˺Ҳʮ־ţ뾡취Ҫɺ޳Ϊ˱꣬ԹֵҲûҵ취
ܿ죬þֳһǶˣԴ
֪ʲô֪׼һζϡеҩģζҩ׼ƲĲɺ˵Ĺؼ׼ζҩŵԴһ飬¯ɷĩĵҩɹһΡ
ƽŻþԴҩģ˰ΣתͷѧԽȥһ˲ݰɡ
ЦЦȺУһ©֮㡣
л˵


145 
û̫˼, ǰܿٶȱ仯ӲޱߵĺȻתѩѩԭ֮ϡ
ããʧɫ, ֻһӰѩԭߡ
ٶȺÿһߵĺǼᶨ
׼ȥɽʱҲ;һ۱ϳȥģǰҪѩ֮ɭճˣʱ, Ӧǽճǳ֮սǰϦ
ƽһ, κһŵܽ۷壬˻ٶЩͬڳ˵ʡ
ʦĹ㲩編޵˼, ҽ޵ҽ֮ġ
ٱ޵ķҪһ˫ܹ֮۾
λѩԭеĽߣƽ˼ȥ, ֻࡰ⡱֡
İ˴ɹΪ, λͼ, Ψλǳ
īҹеĳʽǹӣɫĳκεװ, Ψѻɫһأһڣ˳ࡣ
Žǰԭסճ, ͼţռճ, , Ϸ, ֮ʧȥмˡ
Ӧǰøս£˻񾳱£ȥġ
ճڶǰͳһճǣռֻżڳ֣פճǵɸɹѾ˵أӵİҲӵò࣬Щûߵģڶ䱻ɱˡ
ƽڼīҹ󣬿ɵԾϳţӰһǱУڳţƺڱİϤһһһխСԺǰͣ˽Ų
Ժ˴ƬĻĲݣԺǽϵשһأֱ͸ש©յڲ
Ժͣ˺ܾãɵѲߵӰ
þӼϵƤëأ¼īҹŮѾϸͣɱСɽߵ壬ԵС
ƽʱ峣פճǵ˲ֻ࣬й̶Ѳʱ֣˺Žǣ׷Χ˹
Ӱճǹҹĵø䣬ӰӰīҹΧ¶
īҹĿģԶĵƽͶȥһƳδ
˲䣬Ĵָƣӵĳʣѻɫдƿһˡ
δɾǴ˾еƽͺ۶оǰĿĹâճֲá
ͷҲǰΪ˵úͼīҹ޼ˣ˭ûܴĽ֮ӿ
ɶͣһ򵱹أĪ
һҹսѪճѵõһ΢ɵ⣬ȾѪѩϡ
ܶ꣬ǻ콣ԼճȻ¾һǡ³ǺաҲֻྪ̾
պճǱ˻ˣȥ֮ȴزˣűغ˾סڻճǱҲû˸һصճȥ
īҹԽ֮һǨճǣÿӳʦһĵطճǣһҪ£ɱ塣
ƽ૵³Ǻա
īҹĽȫȻһ·ӣΨ³Ǻһʽȴп˼ϹʱӰӡ
ʱ࣬һĽչ¾ɽ·
ҹλأƽε뵽ɽսʱʲôʲôˡ
սΨһͬһսˣⰵߵһȴĵս
ܷıﻹնŽɽڣȴѲˡ
ƽΣżīҹʱߣ˵ɹһɽٷĹͷܡ
ѹüͣճǵҹīҹڽ߷壬׼ӭԼһ١
綼ð߶׽ٵķʽԽӭأһǹ³ǺգĻ˺ѣīҹŭĿӣ˫ʼտ۾
ڤڤ֮гĳ·ƻ󣬷·յ
īҹʷǷԷ֮տϣԲشͶɽٷ׼磬¡
Ӹ£ƺ¶ڼīҹĪĶͣδܾ
ƣ·һ̾Ҫ̴塣
īҹὣվڽߴ˼һһЦ
λ
ŭӳ飬״ŭûīҹ
󱻼īҹԥһն
Ժлص˵
Ȳ飬Ǿͺһɡ
ĳֲȻϮ壬īҹδֽһϣý⽫εڵϣͳһԲɺףǲ
ôܣôܺ˵ؽų⣬ⲻܣ
ĻıպԽԽճʧ
ĻױպϣͨϽ϶׹رա
ʧˡ
īҹվԭãüѣ
ƽͺΧã̲סЦ
һʱ߱䶯ƽ룬ʱأƶճһսǰһεʱ䡣
Ǽīҹƾ֮ǰǶʱաһֱѩԭ
Ƭѩԭɽֻвĳҹ£ûǰصӵѩأѩԭʧ
ѩԭǰú»£ڴĿѩϣһöŵ»Ժӣö¹ǲΣָżīҹһ·ߵɽ¡
ɽһֱȵΰѼ䣬ƺ˽⣬ʱȴʲôûп
ƽһĻþòɿ˻þеʱߣźһػ
λǶȹԼһȴÿ˵һ˫ڵʱƺҲ˻ĸо
ǰѧۻҵˮвѾλĿˣڷָĶռ֮У۾ɣƺûдһΣеļȴˡ
˳ںǰ˻ӣ̧ۣƽȤЦѣѾˡ
λûʱ仯Ƿһþжȹһһǧ꣬ǧ궷תػѧ󣬾ȥʱ䣬ǰһ
ƽջˮŶʱͻأؿڣи⣬ɻ˺ܾãȻҲǺʱһ
ôλĻþУ˺ĹصĿ˽ǲǻбĿģ硭Ѱʲôˣ
ƽüؿȥΪô˵
ȴûΪʲôֱѡ
£һֵЩӣҽ͹ǰµͼػط飬ͼżЩµֻƬ飬ȴҲܴ֪Ϲʱֻ˫赺ʥˣ𣿡
ѧ㽫͹ǰͼңնŽĽ׽ܣ˵Ĵ䲻֪ȥ򣬵Ҳ²⣬ӦҲΪҵʵĹޣԼأ
ü𣬳ʿһͼߣɳɣôУǰѾΪδδո״ӣԼһѧȥˣʱķһҲˡ
ƽʼպЦؿʵѧеѧӣҵĵӡ
ⲻһ֪ġ۽㲻״ӣǲԸǸܹĴС
ƽ̾һǴ
ͫ͵һ
¶ˡ
Ĺк֮
ƽ˹ǣתһܿһЩⶫˡ
ĸЩ꣬ûеڶ˳֣Ĺ±Ҳܹѧͨ
۳סˡ
ǰƽϽ֮֯УԵʥ顣
Ķ
л˵


146 ûд
㶵ı, ƽȻе磬ʲôӵģ
£ʵеʲôӵģ
۴δԼܾǱ赭дķֲ, ˵Ľź
ǵ΢ƺϲЩȻ
ܿÿϵˡʵ㣬Ͻɫ֯, ɫܹӰҪ, ɫΪֹֻΣвǴʲô
ƽ˼һΣ˭
Ȼ, Ѿȷһɫ˵ˣͬҲԼ
Դڵݸĺ
ƽһ, Ȼл, Ǻ۵ش, ȷ롣
ЩӵϧˣҪҵ˲㡣
Ȼһ˲, ˵Լʧ仹˿زƽǵʵƺѾϵܿЩͬĶ, ֪ܿʲôԲȷҲҪҵ, 𣿡
˼, ͻȻ, ǲΪʶһˣΪҺƣȷҲҪҵˣ
˵ޣǸȴ֮
ǰƽ˵ǸʣͻȻ˵ǸԴµСǷǧͬλ壬ҡǷҲǣ
ŻὫǸµĶҡ
ƽȴֻЦЦ˺һۡ
۵ڲõöţ
ֱӿÿ˵ꡣ
ܹΪ񽵿ܿҪԭ
úñ۾ѧԵ齻βˡ
ƽ˵ţǰ̤һǰռȻѿһ˵Ŀռѷ죬ƽ̤УѷƽϢʧǧ֮Ĳݡ
ںʱлź۵Ǹ⡣
һʼʱв²ˡ
ʼղԸȷϵһ¡
Լͬλ壬ܻΪع⳾Уֽ͵δֻͬλܺκųؽꡣ
ع⳾ǧ磬ֹһΡ
ع⳾ԣһ֪ǧһͬλ塣
ƽع⳾Ǻ֮ˣݣǿӲ֤һеķչݳĽչ
мжع⳾ֻҪǸ
ԣع⳾ݳĽ֣Żѡ񣬲ŻѾǧ֮ȴ˿ͬλص֮ٵĶС
ĹںףԲָ⡣
ƽƵˮˣξĬ
ܿϧµ񣬶Ϣ̲Ҳ޷شˡ

ĹׯϺΰķ񲻴ͬ˸оһ
ƽս빬ʱЩĹ̵۾
Ӧúϲ
ˮĹڲ֮ӨӨƽ̤͸о״һҵķڣܿ죬һӲӵͷӺ׹Ĵ̽˳þ޴Ľɫƽм䣬ôԴƽϲֲ䣬ߴﹾ˵šˡ֮
һȺҵغǰ鿴һĻ̲סпǺȻΪ䣬ÿһƬ۶ͬˮ財
һѩ
ӫĹͽ̵̲ס۾жʱˣϰ߲
˺һɫľ»ΪΣѧʥͷɢʱģ˸ķ٣ǳʺ䡣
ܵƽ߻ָѩµͷͯӣġ
ƽĻͷͦɰ
߶ʱˣ۾ɵĻԲ壬Ҫϡ
ƽǣ߽ڷţúúãͿɰϡ
ǵһʽú幬࣬ȫûˮеĹ̾ںһ磬ٲȻһ͵Ĺȣƽűˮ飬һðݣں׳Ρ
ҴڲվѾʧ٣Դ֪Դ鷳ֻԣѩ˳ػص˺壬ˣ캣սʿ͵ǱǺüΣȺԴ͵İ˻
ںѩ¶Լԭ˫ȵĵط˾޴βɫƬںˮзԲ⣬ӲʹмߵУƬͱ֯ɵ½סϰټݵ΢ڶճÿļ
üϷһɫƲöˮ飬ԭ忡ƽ졣
̶̼£ѩƺԼβʹѾǳ죬βڶǰƽǰڲңǰϰܵü
ƽδģѩؿãѩ϶һ㱡죬ƽЦŵܺÿ
ѩƫͷȥЦ¡
䣬ƽһСֽ˳յضҺÿ𣿡
ƽЩط֣ƺѩĵر
ֻ˵еķĵⶼܴ
չüߣֱѩ
ݶȴ඼Įӵ̬ȡ
ݲöʣѩǼģģƽʮֲؽСֽοÿ
СֽίͰ͵ƽĬĬѩּһʡ
ивԼеλ׵ѩ
˵һÿˡ
ѩϷ߶һȦ
Σ
ڵչüṴĵߡűߵλĴ
ⷬСžţƽȥΪȳİרűٳĺһۣһȺ״İ¶صͬЩųβЩ˵ĹǴ̣Щ˫ֱӡ
ǸйദʱСŮѾνβ˫ˣܵڵķˣΪ˴һ
ѩЦһֱǵ㡣
ƽЦҡҡͷ߰ɣտɲܴ
ǰ˲ƿһռѷ죬ѩһѷ֮Уգۼ䣬˾Ѿ̤ҺԺѩסĵط
۶ٴΣѩǾ̾λӰ֮ܣƺֻҪ룬ܹȥκһط
֪ûоҵķץסԴ쳣򵥡
ѩãԼⱲӶ޷ǿǴԷʱԴǾֵı顣
ƽ˸ָεķ󷨽Դ䳹׺ҵĻԺ֮˭֪һǽ֮ǵļھⱲĥѡ
ƽλѩ˳ӵվԣ˱裬ƽЦӯӯسԴ
ƽʮָṴԴ·ĳǣţǱذǰҧгݵ㾿Ҫʲô
ѾزŮ˾ϷŹ
ƽ˿ΪԴߺ޵ؿͷվԵѩӣӣ
ѩأЩһֻһֻ
ƽ򶨶ؿԴ΢˺ܾãƺҪ͸Ŀءꡣ
ôǰ˺ʲô
񽵿һއW߼Ķ᷽ʽôʹطҲ޷ױɣǵ.֮ЩҺС
ж񽵿ܵķʽ
Դûпκε׼λеļ䣬ỳɵԴϡ
ƽʮָ΢ϣεԴţһöҩ׼ͶУ¡
ţ㼸Сѡ
ƽԴһۣһֱ˳վԵѩɷҪܿ
⻰ڸѩߣѩҲĺ⣬ҡͷǰصģѩѡʲôش𣬶ܵס
㡣
ƽ֧ãűµҩԴȻʣʧȥǣܡ
Ŀڣһֱġ
Ǻʱ硣
Դ˼ɵŶꡣ
Ϲʱš
Ǳ֮ٷǰ񽵿ڴΪϽͶ񽵿һꡣ
ѩھ֮ɫ
֡
Դ
ѩȻ̧ͷҿ֮ˣҵĵһ


147 
ɽǰ, ԴĲд񽵿ܽй飬ôġ
ԴججģԾ¶˸ԵЦΪǶ̫ˡ
ƽ, ˵ĻȴëȻ
ΪʱѾˡԴ·֮У磬ֵ͵ȵ磬µŮ, ɱ˺ͬٵ, м˵ӻˣЩӿռѷߣ˵ʧյҲ, ûӵĶɱˣܵҸ·
Цţ汻ҵˡ
Ƿ, ԭܵر, һķʵ̫ƭ, Һɵؾ׵ܡ
ȼԼѪԼȫΪͼ, һķˡȷʵкܶ಻ͬĵطֻҪһССĸĶͿԳʵҵĿġ
ƽָڲ豭ߵѾԼ²⵽˵ĳ·ѩ˿ԭй, ֵ˵
ʵԭûôɣǵѪ֮, С˶ô, Ϊ˾, һη˾Ѫ
ԴճյЦص罵ٵĵһҸĻҵԭ꣬ݣӣΪӵĳҿʼˡ
ıԴԾصֿߵӵ˺ԼѪĺӣ˱ɵĵһ
ֻǵһ־ôɵ˵ҵǿӲؽ뵽֮еģûϵҷһܹķǾѪԵеֻҪͨһЩ򵥵ĲҾͿԷԭĿԼתƵǸӵȥ
ѩѾʼҧǿԼ
ұЩHºԴ˺ްڴѾйĲ²⣬ˣҲɱ˻ĵͳªʵ𺳡
Դڼ˵ţʱҲŷ֣ԭѪԵĶͬѪڸߵݣѪ׵õҿͨķʵ綼顣
Դ˵ţã˼Ťһǧ꣬ҵѪҴĬĬųΪĲ֮һǧһ˶ʮɺ޵ǣķҲѲ˿ƣʾΪޣôܸģ
ԴֳԭɵӣǱ⣬ҼһʼµİЦǸ嶼ϵİܳΪһǿߣܵС
ƽ£ʶԴ˵ġǸˡ˭Ŀ⳹׳
ұͻȻ뵽ȻʻңΪβһͬǸһעΪǿսʿİء
飬ƽѾƶϳΪѩߣʣѩ˻ƲţҧгݵʳǸ⣺
ԣûｫսʿƭϰƭ˵һǳɻ飬Ͳ˾ǽˣ󶼲ٷս¡ѩһּǴ伷͸¶żѵʹУƭ㲻ֻΪƽΪ㰮
˵ǼǣѩǻϷš
ȭͷݺݵڴ䣬סԼҪŻӦ
еĸĸκδеĶһǿȥ鲢ĸף׸ٰ۰ֹһθĸҵ
ʱе˶еĵճӣ͸Ǳܹעģͷ˵ִǶûһìܵģͺ;͹ȥˡ
ֱһꡣ
ѧҲãٶҲãɺתٶȣҪϲ١
׻ڴΪֻǰຢӵĲ죬һʱʶԼױҷˡ
ĸҲͬΪǿӡ
ƽιĵҩܸ˵֪ʱش𣬴ʱԴ˿ûʶѩڱŭıԵߣ˵˾䣺ֻϧ˺ǿսʿҶ˵ѪǸӾͨûа㳤ԣͨСȲҵҲûзϾǿİֻ㽫ΧЩͦƭġ
ƺѩĦʹƽ̧ôʱѩ״̬ʵڲãѯʣ㻹ټȥ
ѩʹرۣǰ˺ĸദһУݺݵͷ
ʹҲùˡ
֪һС
ѩʣЩӣģ
Դ벻ǰɺ޵ǣЩûһİЩι״ķ
ѩֿҪѪۣʳһ⣺ΪûмƭȥһûӵаǿѪ֮ǻеڶ
˵ΪŪ࣬ΪŰࡣ
Դȴҵ룬Ǹ˲֪ʲôҪɱңǺǿսʿҴҶսΧ£ɱǣûܽǸ޸֮İӣǿҲơ
ƴȫҲֻǸˣκһ˵ǻصͻȥˣ걻⣬˯δѡ
Ҳȥһ׮鷳£Ͼúֵ֪ҡ
ƽ״̬ԵѩǿƵת˻⡣
һ⣬ô֪׼ɺˣ
⣬ƺԴʹࡣ
ǰ˵˷˵о赭дȴͻȻɫǺ죬·Ϊʹࡣ
ȻȻΪǸɽС
˵һ룬Դƴȫءȴް취ܶ˵һ֡
ƽһƺ£εԴˣԴȴҲ˵ණˡ
ǽơ
˸˽ƣ˵κκʹصĶ
ƽȻɿԴѩ˵˾䣺㴦áⲽԺ⡣
Ժãƽɹȵ⣬ȷ
ɽһʲôɶԵܡ
л˵


148 ֮
ԺȺʱƽĶ̡
Ҷʱ, ƽͷۣѩ״̬ҲҪƽЩ
ֻ˫ȾѪߵ״Ѫ, ƵƤƽ飬ԵΪìܡ
ƽƳһ۷ŨѪζʺѪҺ˳ŷ˳Ǽһ˴Ѫ, ƽܵԴûгȥ, һѪϹӲд
ԭĵĶѪҲǺġȵġ
ѩ˾, ڶƽ˵Ƕſ
ѾûĸҪɱ뿪ļ䣬ڲдӡ, ֻͻȻһ, ĸײ, ұصǸլСԺô޺ûӦ, ҵ˺ܾãֻһɫ԰׵ͷҵĳϣֿۻ֮, ȻԵ˵Ҫӳȥˡ
Դ۽޲˲, ҵһ¶ࡣ
жʱ, ҷǳʹԼʱҲ֪ڳɳڵҪˮ, ȱˮ뼫ȵĸɿ֮Уʳˮֻܱ֤ҲҳɹԾʲôˣϾʿҪٹȣҪմȾ̻ʳ
ʱľ꼾ҿ͵͵ˮռƬײƤѡ
ǸͺˡѩĮȻڣҾΪܺãӵ˾
¶ɫʼǳԭº񴼺ڵͫ˷ɱıɫͫüϵɫߡ
ںѩʼƽͷˣʵǷõ֮أòʺԼķʽУԭȳ̫ʷ֮ͬʵѷǸڣѳԪӤĹؿڣӯǼƾ֮ࡣ
ǧѷ̬İ
ѩߵƽߣؿµĽ磬ˣѪͶͱҲˣʳָᴥֵĹĤƽұŸѪۿԼѪɣͷ­֮ϵĿ־ֱһΣʣһʱĸס
ѩ״̬Ź侲ͼµķƽӦʵĸһ·
ѩЦ¶Ե죺ּΪҵһ϶ĳģ಻׷֮ĸͷβģһƭ֣˶ԣ衣
ԺлصŸʽļ䣬ǵЩ̫ʹǱʶԵļ䣬ҹϵӿֳ
ĸײҷһ·˵ѪŸɣѪһƬƬһĸΪ촷ۣ޺ۼѩ赭дʮǰɱ׵ģǽ˶ڱߵĳͷʽɲˣǺܴź
Ҳź
ѩĸԵǴشں幬г˯걻δѡ
ƽܾǰǳʶ󲻾ãһչ¶ԼʱѩܷƷɷ浤ʱȵĵҩܹܽⱻⶳꡣ
ԭˡ
ݵķѩƺ𽥻ָƽ׿ƽʵǰҴδã
ƽЦѧɽǻʳĴ䣬ЩҪҲֲá
ֻһ£ȺǽȳѾʵֵĿ꣬ûٶıҪ
ѩԣݳߵƽǰ֣صصϥ¹򣬽Ŀڡ
֪ǰҪʲôѩģӽ󣬺ңΪǰʵӵء
ʱ֪Լǰ뷨жôɡ
ͬʱΪɣΪĸףĴڣȴԼʵڵģԼȫȻһ
ע˺˼άײʹţҲòϣԼĴڣԼ顣
һңҼƲݣˣݵ½غͺԳΪһ塣
̫С˵ѧǽ֮أԸմȾѪնɻȴһնɵ׵
ѩ̧ؿҪ֣ǰ·Ī⣬ѩȷԼһѩΪǰ䡣
ɽ벻価һ֮䡣
Ժ塢ݵĳȡλߵıӻ
ڡ
ƽִֵıɫͫȻ˳ӿĽɬǲԼͬ顣
ʱѩǸɬĺӡ
δδһ죬ǻַʽ³Ϊͬ顣
ƽѩ֡
ɽ
л˵


149 
ԴѾΪ, ȴҲ̾ݽǧȻа¾ʿнˣЩӼѾܼĳ, ǶѾΣƾܹȫƿزַ䵽NݵԿƥдκһһĴš
ѩһδʽƾµİҪƿңⲻƽòĵ£ѩŵ, ܹ
һպ, ƽȥ֮ʱܸܵںˣںʱ֮, ȴҲΪٳһĹ׹Աߡ
ס죬ƽ֪, ںʲôӡ
ͬͼһ, ԹǺ빩, Щ˵Ĵдδϣȴδü, һΪԼıʧȥͼڣֱ۵üצڷ嫺֮ϡ
ϧǵأֻмѵõʱ, ں󵻸ӦںǸصؾ֮, ȻȻȥϹż
ԭпձСסһ, ¶˷ܲ, ջ㽵ǰߵݣϵطԼӵĶ
Ȼκ˹ıﶼû£ֻЩĳʳ
Ҳ٣Ϊߣֱ˳
ƽֱ飬ƳһԳԸԵýζߣĵΪ岻֪ߵȤûͶá
ǵƽΨһǴܶǳԡ
˴ܶǲҵģʳˣĶ亣ףûʲôǱΪصشΪĶˡ
ƽҵ飬ӣҵһ뿪ᵽһЩ˶ĵϢֻϧ̫ˣϢ֣ûץסȺ巢ˡ
ȻƵӡƽ
ߺһ˿ؿ˿֣ЩұȽĵˣȻ˵ɣʤ㹻ģ㡭
ֱߺֹˣ궫ִչȥƽҪǰϲˣˣ̫ˣ㲻ӦֻҪڣ㡣
ƽЦߵһġ
СƽһתǲָƬȾɫˣΪܺȥ
ƽв֮ͷԴԶµ㲻źÿϹŰ壡
ƽָһ߰Сʵ䵽ƽӽѾ׼õҩҺﰴһʱֱϵĽɫˣ¶ԭׯϵĴƬվǺҲûãڴ׼ƬˣڻǻƬʱڡ
߱ס˵ĺ󲱾ҩԡͲ۴С
ʰﲻƽߣ˺Ƕת˲֮ͳǣһֵĻͻȻһӰЮŵȫȻ֪ʲô졣
쾪δļƻûڳͿЮġ֡ԭƽƲƲ죬ԭǸ.ߡ
СƽʵֻСģ
ʮĵûгѣû뵽ƽûа̹ȻˣʱǶҵӡЩ룬ɱ̵飬ҸԸ.ߡ
ĸ˵
͵Ƴƽüۣʵ̫⣬Ϊֹжȣºʹݵ֮ˡ
ɵѹ£ֶ񽵿ܵˣȡǿߣôǺ֮ˡ
տھ磬һ飬ųտԼεء
ããؼ䣬ѩ̹ǵĵ
ɴ˴ֲֻ캮ض֮رɫ·𴿰ѩԭϲǻ𣬲֪Ǻ¶ȣããѩԭ֮϶ܵ
ȶʮʣ̲סŵ淺ĵط̬ƨɰſڵϵС
ƽֱӣĺվ
ܺãûмǴطƽеСֽƬ˷˳ݣͷǻ
ߺ͵Ŀǰ˭ƽѱλִ£࿴Ľ׶ΣһƲ
ƽʱץ˵Ѿֲ֣ûʱشǶôֵ£һʱѾѵýʮã˱ο
ֵ뼯һ壬ݾĵطǰδֹ
ƽ¼ѹʯһ߲һߵӴ˵ʮѩ֮ɭѾı߾ߣһ㲻֣֮أ·ҲֻԶԶرܿ
ʵô֪طġ
ƽǰ
Ҫϸۣ˵صӡڵĵĻ֣ɵġ
ʱŸյ磬СѸĸϢֻΪԼùЩȻүһػĻᣬȻЩ޸֮ӣ뽣ɣ޺ǻ졣
ʵ󣬻ʱԤƵҪһ㣬ҪӸ㡣
ʮƽڵ˵һϮڵ鶼ǱײеߣòƴҪѩԭˣٶǻ
ƽһץסڵϣ֪ƽǵãΪԼĵڶֹڶ̶ʮŨصĲϯƽ֪Ӻδһ˲ȫ죬ͬһպ
ȵþȵ屾ܵ˿ؿŮϱȼѩԭ̺졣
£ƽǵʵ̫ˣȫӡع⳾
һƬУع⳾߶һϮī纣̤Űƽִͣ˼άߵӡ
ѽǱءع⳾ڰգʮζؿȺǸѪۿ峤ʲôŮҪҪߣ
ָһȦʱƽ֪δ󷨣ֻ˫Ǻÿ
ظĹ̳ײʶ壬ֻǵۺһЩܵķӦ
þòع⳾ѹǽѹЩƽ̧־֡
ع⳾ķ۱ƽָĹȦȫǾ岻ѵʿд⵽·۽緹Ұɱǣߣô
ƽʶ磬δع⳾˵°ͣ˵Ĭϡ
ʮֶϵ˽ָۣһ㣬ָڻȷ籩ȺײеʿϤΪ촷ۡ
ع⳾ͷû˵͸оŮ̵ץסԼ֡
ع⳾ΪؿŮϵɫΪӣ콻֯Ũĺڣζڸǲǻɫ͸¶貵Ľɫֻǳǳһơ
Ǹ֮ˡ
ҲǸһڽˡ
ڼĵһۣع⳾Ԥδһķ粨¿Ϳ

һƽԺо̲סһЩ䡣
ʶѺ󣬶ΪԼκһ׹еһ˼߲ƶߡ
ع⳾شĻ룬弤δκεͽ壬Ǽ亱ļ»׿֮ˣع⳾ϧ֮ģŰ
ձĻ棬ӡѩԭ֮ϣûʱˣƽΪԽԽߣӡĺۼԽԽ·𳹵Ƭء
ʱ֪ԼҪٵħѵع⳾ҲеߣǸħ·ˡ
ˣҲֻ˶̶̰ͻ˴˾ļޣǸδĸ߷塣
˫Բ۾ֱƺڴ˵ЩʵĹ£ǽƽӸӵ˼˻ȴǶ˵򵥽͵ʺ赤ҩĵط
ڿβˣ˷ܵվñֱʵҪʲô
ŶƽƳһۣ赭д·
콩סˣڹԹִлĵ͵ػͷɫȻȻǡ
زԵݵɱ⡣
ʱ˿ռȫԺȫƾܵӦҡһ䣬ԭƽ̹ؿͻȻֱͦͦҲòδд䣬ֻ沿΢ЩԵ޾ס
ٿڣѾϵŮֻǽ֮˵ԵúŮŮ𣿡
ƽֵɨһۣһѾֻǲͷѪѣȻԡ
Ȼ֪˴ͬ壬Ůʾ˽Կɣƽ˾䣺ǰаŮҲеġ
û֣ʮʶһ¡
ú޲
ͷѪ°·ãѾƽӰĽ磬ָֻѪߣʵΪʲôͷѪֻҪָҪĿڡ
ߴ˴ָĵΪ̫ˣ޷ƿط𡣡
죺
Ͳȡ衣
ƽʱ䳤ó˵֣չȥԷӫӫⲻϨ
ʱ߶̲ס棺ʲôҩȻҪôãǷеġ
Ȼɣһһһƿοƿӣһ˵ɢɫ۲㶼ɫ¶̫嵤
ⵤҩ˼伫ټΪ༸ûʲôã벿൤޶ֵ֪ҩڣԣΪһǧҩ
ǿǣ಻߱ģʣҲעٶȻ࣬ʶ¶̫嵤忰ǧƫƫеޣ赤ҩԴ幺룬Լ߽׵ҩ¶ҶԶǺ
Ȼһƿ
Ƕһ˼ţҫ԰˸ģмҶһƿһƿسԣҩ׵ģˣԵҶѾˣǻᶨڸҼƿǶԡ
ҧԼӣﲻϸԼҪ侲򲻹ǧܳ𸻣Ҳʲô˻ȱȱ֮ĻϾǰиڻ
ɶ𣬾Ȼ䵽𸻱˵ľء
ƣ͵͵Ƴ۵ݣֶԷȻһضڿˣӺ;衣
ҶŮˣôô
ݲ𣬷Ϊض
Цһش𣺡ԣѱߵλǲŮġ
θĹ򣬾ݺݸһ̬
ȷʵƽĿǰΪֹս
ҪƵĲǵһöҪһöͬĵҩ
֮徫֮ŷķͷѪ̲徫ǵͷѪ
ԭôƽ⣬Ǭ컯Ҫƽ⡣
ƽǼµĻλ߱Ĵڴƽ⡣
ҪǬ컯Щӣƽһ취
ñ˵ƽждȥ
һδĴ٣ҪͬʱöͬľƷҩԼ֮Ϥڻ㵽ڶöҩ֮Уһöһ޶ķɷ浤
Σƽ˵¯¯м뼫ȵҩҺڼµڻ㣬ƽȫľڴˣȺãʮǿƵؽҩҺвг֮ųһɡ
Ȼⲻгժȡ󣬼뼫ȵҩҺںϱ˳ࡣ
öҩʼ𽥳͡
ƽȫĵͶУûʶؼ䷢ı仯
ϿգŵյɫϼϿգþδɢȥ
ĸ׷׾졣
챦
Ҳ˰̾ϧΪƫƫߡ
˭֪ĵ̡
ϵ챦ؾͱˮ¥̨ȵˡ
ȺһԻѸپ
ݱɫͫһĨŨڵ̣Ƭ̺жӦ壬˵һˣǸ֡
еĸ֣Ҳǻϵġ
ͱصβѩԭϾ˵ǰٶȣתۼ䣬֮ľۿɼٶ̡
弸ÿ˶߽һɣëһǳȺӶ͸˼ǿҵѹȸУ·ǰһɽ㵹
˵صԼĽ̤㣬һ˵ؾڴˣŭδֱһȭش
壬һ壬ô徳أҪƻͬԼ𡣡
˵Լٶǰһκײʱǩģʱ彻սʱ̫δսûҪļ֤ǩͣսԼΪ֤ߵ壬ͬҲԼ̤徳ذ벽
ϧڳˣһһǧѹûڴһǶ֮ĵΨһһ˽ԼΪʵ̫޻Ȩƽĵطֻ˾䣺Լġ
һֶûü˵Ϳߺ͵ֵҰƵĳ˳ȥ
ֵΪ׵Ľ죬ѸжϳԷΪڰ۷壬ͻΡ
ȭδ±Ѿڵĵ°˼硣
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150 
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쳹ʣͬѧʥмĿĽɫƶľԨصĺڣϯ˵ƣѹ, ˲ұӡ
ʿĿ, ǸСʵŮһԾ֮쳹ʣɽ֮ƶ嶼ɬһ˲
ϢĻб, ЮѩԼ
ݵӰʼ䵭Ũ, ããؼΨһ, ĿĽɫ͸˪ѩȵظÿ˵, ·𱻽ʥ̶ʱʶ, ãٷӦʱԼѾ֦ɲ׳£ʺ
̽֯ı⸲ƽĽ, ٲȻԱŵ̬⣬˲Ҵ
쿴Եݵı⾫׼ƹ˽ŽԼ, ׼ظڽı, ̲סԹ˾䣺ҪҪô尡
ôҲԼˡ
, оڲһ˵Ĳ·ĳȻ󲿷ֱУǴӽѾ㹻ȫƷȥ
ڿзԶѵסΣ
ĵҩΪλǿƻ
ǿֲµĽ磬ǰ.ǳ춯صĶδӽй¶ξӽˡ
ͷ
ܹԽ˵⼴ıԽѩԭı͵ֱߵĶּܿͱȥǾؿ̾ڸ߿յĺɫڶԷԨsŵǣֻ֪һ
忴һ֫ͷԼ򵥵ӣȴûӣǳǳ˼һΪѸٴ˺Žǣǰƾ˵Ǿ¾ۼһ𣬷ɿسˡ
ˣľ͵ȻҲûг룬û׷ǾĬؿѸٳ롣
˿·ڵأŵǱˣ
մһƵ죬һƵһȺճֵĳӣʲôǲģ˿ʶЩǵĶ֣ȥȱˡ
ԣŵضŽ磬ڴƽǱ߿Щɣǧ°
·Ӧ룬пҵƽϢףҲʼ£ƺѾβ
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ͳﴫ쾪ȵطԼδѧﾹܺ谭˵ʲô
䵣絣Լ
컹ûʲôһ˿ȻѿʽѺۣĿĽڵشӽк߾ƶ˵ҲòƬݱܷâ
۾ʹޱȣۣϴƽ΢Цлģ˵Ĳ䵣ң绹ǵĵԼɡ
㶵ؿƽЩ԰ףȻöҩķ
¯һߵ¯ﾹž¯ʼ𶯣Сڴܡ
ƽɤӣ¯Ķ˲ƽϢգգۣöҩе⡭
ɰͰ͵ˡ
ǻǾɵˡ
ƽ涣׼ˡ
һ󵽵ʲôĵҩȻܡ
¯ԣеعע¯κһ㶯
¯⿪˲䣬ǿҵӿй¶һϢĿ
˲䣬쿴һһӰ˲¯Բ׽ٶŸ߿ճȥ
һָɫâ֮·̽ضϣ鲻ԸػصƽУڿһԾչڿлĹ켣ƽٶɫĹâ׷ȥ
ڿµǻٶȿ죬ʤƾˣֱ׷һҵ׷ס⣬Լġ
֮ʱ컹Ϊ˼顣
öԾĵҩǻŵģĸҳ԰
ƺ˵Ҫҩ˶׼ߣ췴Ӧ죬˫ƺ£
ƽЦ˵ˣöҩе⣬
ƽ˵ţͫһ˷ܣԼû뵽ͻķʽЧ˺ãͬʱɹöҩöҩͬʱѰҩԾ߱
õҩ˹
Ĵ٣ʱҲδй
Ǭ컯Ǭ컯
Ѱʽ̷Žɱڣ䵱㶪ʧķ裬ܹΪ߶
ŵҩֿʼסз·ǧɽʼԼܲܽӵס
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ƽڵǲԸһǺԸջġ
æסҿҿԣ
ƽ飬΢΢򿪣ָⴥǬ컯ǹǿҵ̼עڣ췢͵ʹ
תۼ䣬˺Ѱ磬˻׹ǣ쾹ƲסԼ׻ع鱾ģ
֮֮أյ׽ٲͬյƸӣ֮ŸŨصа·ȫĶ˿̶ڴˣΡ
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ɺܿ죬ȺĴδ忴֮У˸īҹճһսֱϣƾɹ飬ɣɾͽ
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ڵڵǿս߸۷ɵʥսų˷ֿ۷徳磬ɹҲҪݱܷâ
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ХķδХһɫӰڿзڷ裬׻Ÿ߿ʵǶȥ
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ƽڵ˳ԡʹڷ˶ıؾ֮·ʹֻἤŨصս⡣
ѩӭףϵȴ꣬βµǻ׹ѩԭ֮ϣδԭȴȵ循˱ܿ
һͷ己ԣƽ˼䣬˵ԼĪǣʲôµĻ棬Ȼܴ͸ǵѩԭϵ˪ѩ
ƽȻ͵ݿǸȻȻѡһˡ
ʧķΪԽͨ
·֮ٺƽɵ˺
ڣЩĵڹ֮ذпȼķ֮лθ룿
ƽȥ²Щ˵Ĺ˼ֻ룬ܹһлްķ˻ڳȼˡ
ǻ׶ΪʢСպƬյĻи߰ͷ­βͬµĺ٣޶ˣ᳹չǹߵƣһ쳹ʵ֮Уƶˡ
ǰᱦΪԡķսõĶֻ֣ϧҲҴңȥҲҴңڵ֣ڿ˺˵ĻѸٵȫӻѩ֮ɭɭڣٶȴɭֵķԴ
ͬΪݣԶݶѧ֮أ¸Ȼףڿշ𣬾ߣúչһᡣ
ϡ¸Ȼ£ķˡ
նɸеһһռ䣬ƺҲԶķ
ʶزŪֱϴµգ񸡶Щ˵Ǹпǵǣ֮Ϊӡ
ѩͬʱû©Լǵ飬ʵˣڵʲô
޳ָڶ䣬ڵǷһ飬ҵľǰ˶𡣡
ѩʱˣҪô죡
δֻǳ̾˿
ĳһػķˣ
ô죿ô졣
ֻܸҵҵɻˡ
֮ϢǴúܿ죬Ѿʼ׷ݿ֮ʱⳡ˵Ķɽβ
ƯСûбͣԭɻص棬Ļɫͫƽһöķβ𣬽֣ؽƽ
Բݾܾ̬ȣɿشףöɨƽķˣ˵ǡ
߶һι㡪
ѾΪػķˣʮ֪֮߿ڵ˲·ʣ߲ʾڿն𣬺ɫϯȥŭѾҵˣĳëߣ
дķ󺰵ͳȥĶûջģ
߹ŭŽ񾳶ѾƮ䲻˵ǰɣҲ
Ƿ˵
֮ۺͷβ
ƽеķβޱ߼ʵţͷһͬʱӵ֮ۺͷβ˰ɡ
ЦջͷקԼɫҶӣƽæס֣
ҿɲϲͺͺС
ֱضƬ̣Ӧϲʲô
ԭ˲ϲͺͺˡ
Ϊʲôϴ˿Ǹúٵʱƺֺϲӣ
ƽġ
ͺܺá
৵һ¾ֺˣԶڷҡҷţ͵͵һС

񷱶࣬԰ִ֮ңѩÿնҪصʱѩ㲻Ƕ֮
Ϊĸ׵ĹϵѺãϵúͬҲн飬ѩںĵλ
صʱزԼĹЩͬƺЩʲô
ѩЩ裬۲һڹϿһõϻѹһּֽдһ̵Ļ
ԸԳѩ
ϻһöõĳɫĵҩķ·鲼棬ֻǿܸܵȣķ֮·ɢһۻࡣ
ɷ׵
ѩܿȥǰĸҪгк˵Ǿ仰ԸԳġ
ʱֻǰڰοû뾹ġ
ѩڷɷ׵ϢԼֻƽ˵
һƬҡ
뵽ƽĹϵѩɸеһ˿ɡ
ѵҲƽǰģ
ɲ֪ΪΣ𰸲˵

֮µĵ죬ƽ٣ڻصѧ
ӭǺϳ
ָʧʮ죬¡
۵˵ֵƬ۾ǿû˵֪ô仰
ѧԽߵģѧоգɼգտűԺλþеȷǰ¼ȡѧӣΪ˸ʱѧյĵһѧ
ͬμӿԵİλɹ鲻С
Զݵζ벻Լĵˣ΢Сһμԣûб¼ȡϡ
δ棡
ϢѸٱ˴ɹͬʱѡϢȡΪ˽ŵĴ¼
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ƽ뿪ǰĶ˦˦ֱˣºһ԰ɹ飬лһԼʦĹϢټʶȵסҲܲסĳ档
ǰ˸ȫ°˰ٸ۵ģѧ¼ȡʱʶ˲ԣѧˣ⼸һһš
˻з񣬼īҹܰڻһԲһ뿪úۻǲˮġ
¸͹ϢºЩģҲֱԭ򣬶Ƕ˵ݻʳλʱİţմ¾һ˼Ҫ
İ˰˰ٱ飬ڿҪסʱڻˡ
ѧȥ룬ǰ˷·ᵽζڵһʱڼ
һڳȹɫԽǧɽ֣ȹڴ֯͵ˮƣ·̲ϲˮü۱ЩЩǶ˵룬ЩѰ˼̻Ҳºʹֻ࣬ӽŵһۣ˫ȻЦȴ׵ʱ˶
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һϢĳĬ󣬹Ϣȴ˽֡
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ƽȻ, ʵʣΪԼûͨѧѧԣ
Ϣ¶ɫεȷʵ, ʵԺٶԺѧԣȴδԼĳб̭˵, һ̽
ѵõĳ, Ϊһܺ󣬶ô룬඼ǲԸԼ˵, һȺС飬ҲֻԼһиԵɣӶ밴ȥ, ԸԼвʡ
Ϣܹ̹ĳ, ƽЩ⡣
Ц, תλΪûͨ, ԼǷΪѧ
̧ܵ԰˹ҵĿ⣺ѧޣ˶, ֻѧ֮¼ȡ
ϢȻһ˲ЦϢ, һӽ, ֵԼʱ, ȴˡ
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Ϣٶ˵ҲԼѧ֮ԭ
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ʴԣ¼жЩɫ
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īҹеǰһֱڱչأûлᵱлǰлϽ
ƽ豭һڣصֻ֮߶ѣʱյĳɳԼõġ
īҹ˵˶Щɫħɨīҹķβƽ׵еľЩ
ԭֹ壬˶֪ʱͽҲͽϵ
׺ҵĽѾɵģѧȥɣԿȥҲ
˵һīҹü΢Ļ֮
÷ѧȥɣԸԸؽԼ飬˲档
ţīҹǹһĨǳЦ⣬һţûƽ˵ȥѰ÷ףֻصλȵ
ǰۣѵõϡ¡
򶨻Եǡ
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΢Ĭһԣһļž΢˵ĻȴԵζ
ƽ·Ҫƽͷ
ƽҲ⣬ƽ̧ע΢΢Ŀ⡣
ã΢ջĿ⣬̾΢ˣΪֻΪǰһ棬Ѿ΢޺ˡ
ܵӵƽ󣬾ת뿪ԥƺѾ˼ľ
ƽעıӰв豭ϣյ죬˲˳еĽ֡
ҵĻû˵ꡣ
΢Ųסƽһۣճȭջ˻ȥ
ϢеС۵ףһζ̾Ϣ
ɹģƾ֪ܺ顣
Щ꣬Ǹ㡣
˭˭󣬵ɹΪɣ˭˵Լѳɣ
Щˣ֪ܲǸΣ֪ܲΪ㻯ʵɺ˵Ƶֶ

ֻǵû䵽Լϣ۶ѡ
Ϣڶǰʶ˴ĵг©ɵʶԼĵʱҲͷ
Ͼô꣬ԷҲûжʲôʵϵ˺
ȻҪӴĻø֮ͨʿԣҲûл
Ϊ磬ͬλԣڵҾлסѧԺµİȡ
ɣϢܶ˵οƵƭԼ
ţһɹ׼ҲãƾͿʼϱչصļīҹҲãʼѹΪҲҪƳƾʱҲãЩ˶ľƣȴûж
ÿһɹ飬Ըıơ
ǰƾɣʱİѾʼӿ
ڴ֮ǰվ֮ٵģֻ΢
ɺأ΢׼Ҳ֪΢˵Ϣ
λδ¶棬ȴֶסȫ˼
ǡǵǿߣ˲һ
Ʋз·ʱ̶˵Ǿܻˣʲôϵأ
ǧµһ˵ļ棬ûжԣֻоĬ˫ۡ
Ƿû˵ʲôȴѾ˵ǧ
΢ĿĵֻΪ˿һѡ
Ըʼ֮ʱź㽳˶ֱ꣬ǽϹżŵϹ֮ʱͷɶơ
Ǹһǧǰͬѡˡ
ԼҪߵ·¾һۣƺܶЩģȥߺ·ˡ
Ϣűв㣬Ƭ̣ѵʶ˷׷Źˡ
ɲ֪ΪΣʶ󣬹ϢޱߵãȻ͵֮Уһ˿ѵõ
ңԸҿϵķ̫ƽ
һϸ̲ϵһǶάȣֻܱڽϵŽˮûա
ĵȴֺ֮У֣Ǹߡ
׹ޱ߽ˮУ䡣
ԽҴǸռ뿪ʱԼƺһܳΡһƬ֮У绺ڣü𣬽üӡǼѹ壬εԼűº쿪սҪЩ߸ϳģø³۱һ
ƽ̧ʵ𣿡
翴ƽǿ϶ģǲһΣ𣿡
һλйʵһֻһΡ
ƽֵǰղʵ⣬Ҳʹұӡ
սǰ˵ڡ
¶ޣ޿Ȼսһٹ⡣
絭ΪҪڡ
ϢָŶǣһЦ
ˣ硣
΢磬ҪķŮˡ
꣬ħЦһĿ絶ڴˣΪ£
ƽʣħѧΪ£
ħ𹴴ü۾ǽ档
ûʲôʶһϹʱһ˵ķɡ
˵ǿħ𻺻ǿò̫ԡ
ˣħԼܵġ
׽͸·ʽصķΧ˲٣һƬεĳĬ֮У׼ƽλɫĿڣ
šֻһѧģ
׼ŵؿߵϰϹŵΪνҾ֮⡣
ˣ
ƽ
˿裬ɤӡ
⡢Ǹ⡣


152 ѹȳ
׼д˿, ٲǰǰ̨ҹӵȡ
΢Цü򶼿ʼ
ʶ꣬䲻ϲ׼һƢ, ׼ڱϻֵ̫óƵ֮ΨڵϣóϷ
һ⣬׼ʵǱĲϵˡ
˽ιᵽƽϣͬ׼, Ҳֻİǿ, ȺĻ̥֣Ӱѧǵûй, ܺɫͬǺȲ裬ѾǳѰĴˡ
׼ǳƿˣκǰ, ѧϹ, Ҳȷʵηλǰ, Σ΢̹ٴεĳƢ, ֻһһԣɱ˵ĿһѲӹÿӰѧϰƵϺȵĶѡ
ĻˣǶʼԼǷҲƵΣЩûǰ, ֮еһУ뵽Щȫǰ¶, ɫʱѿ
Ǵ, ʧ̬Ҳһ˲, ΨйϢ΢޲
΢̹±˿͸
ڹϢƽĿɨһ˿΢
ϢбλþĵΨһڻþǰѾαдƻþ뿪ˡ
УϢƽ֣˵ĻȴڳĶ³һأǰǣ磬ʣ೤ʱ䣿
Ϣÿ֪⣬Ǳʳˡ
鼫临ӣκһȴŸͷ­ϵĽµ˵ȵһ̵ǰǰ˭ỳҡ
ƽƽڰĳϣЩӲ
Ҫ̡
ƽ˼εȻϸϵļֻնɸк.һΣɽֵʱҲǧ꣬λ˽ⲻ
ɴϲ浶ǹΪԳ治㣬ϲвݱˡ
ǧǰɿӡȡŴĵֱݽߣӡƣʩƭȡͨĵݣԷ֮٣ʬ𼣺󣬽Ϥ
ֱ߰˺ѵķӡ·һźţΪѾ׳Ϊص磬ٴλ˹СȴϢ˾塣
һɾȡĶϴβͬ
ϴΡ֮
ĶѵǡĳӯĻΪʱ䡣
ƽɣջֻҪ˷ӡɽٷգ֮ʱΪĳ֮󣬶תи֪ġ
ΪǸ˵еľ磬ƽбɡ
ɻƾڼˡ
ǳɹɽپĸһľ磬ѾԶǡĲ䣬ҪΪ
ڴĴ죬ɵ㻯˷ô˵
ڣˡ
ƽһϲԴˣֶڴĵ߶жôش壬ǳ
ĵ˴ʵģ翵ɣǸŽ߻ߵӢۡ
Żսһаӿڵ
֮ܵݽߵɻô
ⲻѲ¡
ƽ΢ƣ˵ı۵ףЦһԼյĿġ
ȻλûѧӵݽѧŹϢ˵Ĳԣѧδλ֮⡣
·һʯ뾲ˮĺ΢
ƽδĿ˼֣ûͷѹȴ˾޶˳ճҺ壬Ƶ˴
ƽָ㣬īɫתϤ乹һˮīյѧɽš
īɫѧɽһı棬һ棬͡
նɸ
ѾַͨʽŹնɸϢҲо
ѧȱѧӣնɻȴҪϣʱλѧϰ壬ΪѧĿʦ
ƽɳˮЩ΢ɳƸУֱĵס
λΣ
նʱӲ
۲ڳûɵӣ˭аصѹȡ
ͬǴ
ڸǣҪΪ˱ǵİȫնɻ᲻Ϊһ֯ǻѧı
ͬʱΪ˱֤֮˵ȶԣǽѧνʦһݣΰ
΢ָŶǣ˼š
ħüһЩá
ʵʼ̩ȻҲֻ¶֮ɫ·ѾԤϵѱϡ
ϢЩӣ̧ƽһۣɿһ
û뵽ǰ׼ݣؾͽ˶ҲãҲգ޿κεͬʱֲòϣ˾֮£ǰΪһ·
Կʦмݳ֣㵽ɿգҲƽ⼸ȥ磬ʵ˽׹ϵĿʦ
Ϣζӳ£һ˿
ˣı֮¯࣬ı
ʱ俼ǡǵķӦƽȻⲽȥһߵնɸзⲻλ⼸ÿգԽȥ
¸һۣرһ䣺ĳЩˣӦ÷ǳʱ¡
˵꣬תߣɻû߼ܵʼδڵĹĵҴӦ㡣
ƽδȣֻǻ׹ؿ˹Ƭ̡
߱΢ɽ״ҪЩû΢ɽʱôԵĹԵζ
Ŀ⼫䣬֮·𱻼
ȴ˹ƵĿųߣû뵽һӦĻ
ϢȻ¹γбƻɾԭ󷨣ʶԭЩﰵԵģ΢һˡ
ƽӳƮƮĹιʮڸ۵װصĲͷ
ƽǰЩӣ˪ųߴҡڵѧʱ˵Ļ
㰵Щʲôһ۾һתҶ֪Ҫ򶫡˪ƽ鷿˿ûԼˣڰֵǼһȻƢ˵㣬ͦõģЩ˲٣ãǲˣ˵ǡ
ƽɫ죬˪Ȼ򣺡ҲǣΪˣҪѵǼ򵥵ģõҷ¡
˼̶ƮԶһ˲ֺܿ챻ƽ˻ų߿˼룬ȴţֿӣ˪׸ιЩʲôҩ΢ɽµǸӱ⸱Թģ
˵˪ӦûиͬλǸС߰ɡ
뵽ƽԳ߱һ˿ͬ飬һ뵽⼸˪ڹľǳǳһ˿ͬܿ챻˻
ı̬׽ػˮʵǰҪ룬ģʿ磬Ǳ֮
ûй¼ҹˣһ֮
˭Ըȥðա
ƽ΢΢ʿ磬ҲֻԼ
仰뿪㹻Ŀռ䣬ĵعš
űغĺ΢ı顣
ôˣôҡ
βָµƬ۾ҡҡͷȷʵǵһʶ㡣
͸յķͼڲΣƬ̲ŵǡڱǣ
ʶδ顣
ƽԣ̧۵׸ֳһ˿Ľ棬ºòʾ˵Ĵܵһչֳ˱˵һ˲ѹȸУܽﳼ
ƽζЦЦ
Ϊҿô
Ҳֻõ
һ֮аλǿ۷


153 ɺ֮
˿ǵ⼸, ѧһ㱻Ҳûǵж
ﶼ˷ѾĿ, 㲻оܾء
ʱ䣬˵ǿҪҪ˵ǿҪʲôԼŲŸá
ʱ䣬ƽû¶棬ѧɽһ˵Ժ, ֪, ȴκѹʮĵظ˳ʱ䡣
ڶҹƽ鷿ⲽ, ԺСͤԺ֧ܼӿ˻ôֱ, ɫá
һ, ׵Ĳ뱭Ѿ, Щ⡣
ʩûеˮ, ǽģûһĵĲϰں豭, ָߵĬ, ԼĪǽҹˡ
·Ӧ, Ժ⴫ߵ, ʮһߵȲ᲻أٶȲȺһûлӦټߵ
⼸̫õϰƽЩûסЦɡ԰һ䣬ԺӦ
ƽϣҹģ΢ˡ
΢һĺ£ҹĶԵݣһ뵡ɫüƳĺˮ¶λ֧ʱǿӦеȡ
ƽԼλʦˮ֧Ļĵһޡ
ƽյһ£Ϊ庮ҹɫ˼ֻȡ
ƽЦǣȻװˣ
˽Ųһ٣΢εǰǰƺûмαװȥıҪˡ
һ΢һڣƽǰ˵һʼǶ˽õĹϵΪƭ죬ɺ˵ĿƣڶҪˣƭ벻ƭѾû塣
΢¶ȸպõ裬˼ǰǡѾԤϵҹǶǰ
༸ˣôҲǹϵõҹһ̸еĵز
һ΢ٷŻЩ֣صǰ飬ǽܡ
ƽԤϡ
΢ˣ翪ʼз֮ٵˣȻ̼ѣǱ֮ˣҪ߳ܶಽ
ƽʵǷ֪ɺγֵģ
̸⣬üһ΢۽޲˲侲˵˵ȫ
ƾɹǰãǰѾ̤Ǹ磬ӦɹߣٶܲһЩеķ򣬶ҿҪΪһЩ
ƽȻ̧΢˫ۣ΢͵ҵйء
ɹ֮յôɣɵԵԼĵ¹һأ
ֻеɹӵС
ʱҥεɽͼƽ֮ļɵľֻ
΢ҵΪΪ֮Ϊ֮ء
΢ˮƾ֮ʱھпһЩͬѰĶ
һĳ̻ڴ֮ϣŨѪŵѷ죬Ǳڴ֮ϣϲʳʱƺǲѪɫţһܿںÿһΣѪɫż֣ƾ֮ʱѪɫѾ֮أ˴֮һĵط
ƽһ٣
ʱջ񵽵õϢ
Ҹе£ɽ֮ʱҸоԼϸгһԲˣݷҵڣûκķӦ֪öԲطڵȴһʱҪңЩ˵ǽɺˣֻбɵ㻯֮˲ŻӵС
΢ٶȵھп磬Ѫɫ֮ǰ˲٣Ѿռ˴½һĵطҴ˵֮٣ȴԼһأҾȥѪɫԴһ̽
ƽüԺεӵģ
΢תͷڵͫҹɫԵ޶Ȼ
ɽ
ƽ©һġ
ɽ
΢ûԣȴҲѾˣɺ˵Դ뾵еѪɫйأɽ
ȥɽ̽ʲôƽ׷ʡ
û뵽΢ҡҡͷҷ֣ԼֻܵɽıԵΧشϰɽҾͻῪʼĳų⣬ԺַʽշҲãͽɽҲã÷λӰҶ޷ɽɽһ˰ɽͻĳʧճɽ£Ҷ޷üɽ֮ݣΨһǿ϶ģҾɽԽоʧظԽǿ
˵΢£赭дҲɺãɽұʿϸɺˡ
ʮϡƽʱ״ƽԼɺ˱ˣȻ֪Ǿһʹ顣
΢Ѿ֮գվڴߵʱ򣬾ҲһϸɺˣǣƵ
һУ΢Ͷ״ֶ̹֮һΪֵЩϵѹ
΢һֵҴһʶɹ׼ɽƾҸҿ϶һʲôλصĶǹͼɲƿǵ̰ģѰʿ춼ΨеɹֵԶ֣ǹ֮£ûһɹӵù
˵꣬΢ڳ˼ƽɫǰޱȵģǶܸоǿҵ֮£֮أȴżʢҰģԤУǱʲôסǶƵֱͣĳɡ
ƽ˽ˣл
ã
˽һ⡣
ѪɫѾ͵ʲô̶ˣ
΢£ֳһЦ
ɽ𣬶ݣħһ·£ڶݻʳ֮⡣
δҲ²⣬˻ӦѾɰеǼһˣǹ˴ĥڻʳǣӦûֵھλɹǡ
λڴĶϲݽʳڶݵĵشǹڻʳǱԵѾĴ˽ȥ
ֻʣϱߵĲѡ
ƽԴ˵ȴ޷˵ڵĻ΢ĵ£΢ɽһɵеָɽ
Ͷ״Ѿϣǰ˾䣺˵ģǵĺֻҵ£뱱޹أҿ𣿡
ƽЦȻӲŵ
ŵ飬ֻҪţһ
԰գƽת΢Ƿ񡪡
δ䣬΢ȴܲҪ
һգܿܿ˭Ӳ佫Աƿۿжпᡣ
֪Լĵжǿ󣬵֮ʱǲŻз֮
ƽƺһҲȣֻǵЦ
ˣ΢ҲһȺСǰӵѩء
΢뿪ƽȴûлݣ䣬˺ҹҹѾתʱԺٶȱ졣
Ȼҹֻһˡ


154 ֮
ƽû뵽, ΢뿪󣬵ǰľǹϢ
ΪϢԺν̣Եɫ[ʾ, ŲɷǵʿѰоܿüĽ
˪ˮпϢʱƽһȵЩơ
ûеɹܾӸµİƽ֮ͣʿ϶˲̻
, ƽͦϲ̻
, ҹ߶ǰϢǱǸ
ˣϢԺ, üЦ˿ûв˼ӡ
Ǻˣ
ǰĻ΢£ƽԤ֮, û뵽Ϣô
İ֮, ϢӦΪѵһ
, ҪԿʦݼѧ, ţڿݣ֮䲢ͻ
ɹϢһ, Ժ
ԺԺһʮأϢڡ
Ժǽѧ֮, ѧҲͬ, ǴϢһѧʦ, Ҳ˵ԵģԺǧѧӲ֪θ롣
ƽԭΪٿһգȴû뵽˿졣
⣿ϢЦʵ
ƽϵȷʵ⡣
ϢЦȻµ˵˼תʵҽж
ƽ΢΢üŶܰеöģֻǶѾѧ֮ˡ
ϢҡͷԵҲ֪ǰʱã㶷һʣǰ֪ʳ
ƽ˱Ȳ裬Ԥϵҹ̸ܿ̾ڴĵĶݣǵһǿʿ
ʳλ˻Ǹ档
֮ǰǶʿӡ඼ǳȻ⣬쳾£Ҳַ񣬳˸Żᶨڷ֮ѡɸĵ⣬ʿڷµ̬ȻԹۡ
˵һ̫ˣϲʮأʿԣֻһ򵥵ıչضѡ
ɸʱһжģԪ꿪ʼеʿҲٶ꣬ƽʱѾܶһǧǰ󲻵飬δһǿʿһңƽȵؽ˺ʿԼ
׳٣һɱĽʳ˻ʣԼҵ
ʳ˵ݣоŵʮ˿ÿɹٺͷ˹Աɹٱ˹ǳأֺгƶȾ˻ʵǿ֮¾ıһٶֱ꣬
ƽ˵ԺͻʳĹϵ
ԺڶݻʳǣڻʳĵλȹӼ໹ҪһԺȥѧвٶΪ˻ʳĶϢ˸ͬ˻Уǳ
Ϣ˵ʳ֣ƽĿġ
˻ǰƽ̧ĿУΪ£
Ϣ΢΢ףָһ̾
ûش𣬶˵һ仰
ʳɱһ˳Ļʳ
ƽüÿɷ
ټʳȻҪĻˡ
˶ܿʳˡ̳ˡ
ǿ˻ʣոһպ֮ĵֿпպΪֻѳΪɹ֮һ
ûһҲ۷ǿߣҵΪУκ˸С
˻ʵǿųټĻʳгһ˻λʳҸҲһܶסʳ֮ص֮ˡ
ϢЦˡ
̶ĸ֣ȴ˵ޱȳء
ϸ˻񲻹ͷʿǧ꣬Ӧ긻ǿ֮ʱɹϢ˵ˡ
ʵӾʮǰʼµĪ˥ȥΪڣڣȴ޷ԼͬκһѰ˥ȥ֪κԵɡ
ܳŵѾҡ΢ԫԫͱ˺µһ
⼸գƽ֪ľѾ̫ˣ˻ʽµĴ£Ҳֻü΢ƽԣ
Ϣ̾ʵ𱰵˵Ϊ߹˻ʣҪ˻ƣȴʼն˻ʱһݾأƽҲ̲סЩ棬ǧ֮ⶨλ˻ʣǺģ
Ĭκ󣬹Ϣ֣صҴתµĿšͬǰס
˵˵
˵֮ͼ֮£Ըʳ֮ΪѪп⣬ǡҪڻʳ֮ѡһˣΪ״ӡ
ƽԸȤЩ̧ע˹ϢƬ̣һζЦ

ʳǣ˻Ѿǲ֪ڶٴεϷ̨
ϴվʱǼ֮գԼǧǹЩȼ˻ʳµķ
Ӱһ˵£ն˾Źץֹ֮ˣһҹ֮䣬һȽʵһĴȫ¾ĴĶ˵λĵ񣬷·𱻶ᣬӦ˵񽵿ܡ
ã˻ʷһȻЦ
֪ʳ֮Уʿ٣˶𣿡
ʳ¹ʿʮ򣬷ǧİ򡣡
ǰôķˣЩУв͡˻ƣһ˿֮ɫʳе©ȱݣ֮ء
޾
µƽͲǷ֮µ̫ƽҪǧصİΨһѡ
ҪԳܵĴۡ
ɰпӵ˫Ѿǣĵطõ֮۵أƫƫʳµ֮ϵһ
Զλԣ˻ʲܻ
˫ϥأλѾĵͷ­
ʳ£ض׷档
˻ȴڰ֣Ц˼㿪ʼסؿԣȴƺЩֻһ˱ɣ˸Ϊ͸ñӻ񡣡
˻ֵ̫Ǹιĺӣȴ츳ʵڿϧ
Ѱ̫ӶΪϧ̫ڻʳһ޷еˣвʳĻҵ
˻Σָۣ򱱷ǿǡ
˵ͬ𣿡
л˵


155 
ͽ֮λһһ򵥡
ƽ, ͽʱֱӱڵȨͬΪܵµӣܴΪӡ
˵ǧδйӵ
, һͽϢֻ¼ĶܱѧҪ
λͽǻʳһλ̳ʱǽʳҴֱӺһ
ƽ˼Ƭ̣һ֮λ˻ʵĶܻ㡣
ȴûһӦ, ǵλͽ, ޷ϮĹУ
Ϣһ˿ȻָֻܿȻĪΪǰĹ, Ե츳иҪ󣿡
ƽδĬϡ
Ϣŵԭˣѹǧǰδͽ
԰, ֵµް, ˵, ϢͽһѧȥκеĵӲԸ, ϢҲûǿȴҲûʵѡ±ʱˣͽһ, Եͼʻᣬе, ΢, µҲδһ˳Ϯ޹, ǸߣǰܰѧˣѧѧӵΪϢţѰѧӣҲٮٮߡ
ƽ˿ڲ裬Ϣ˵Լͽδʱ΢΢һԡ
šϢûճɵλľ߸Եĵӣϸɻ
ã̫ǴѡģʿУԵһѣӵȴ٣ǰÿգϢһȥ˻ʳǡ
ƽЩЦܰѹϢΪµ˱ƵþͲ˵ӵѡˣɼڻʳʽȷʵ⡣
΢΢̧Ӧˣǰ˵һ䣬˳ˡ
Ϣһ˲û뵽Ӧô죬˿ֱܿһ仰ҡ
ƽ۽޴ţű£ĵѳ뷨ת
Ϣֻһ

ݵñطҪЩҹڰʱƽеĵ֮ڱѵˡ
֮ʱŲļīҹԷŴͷƲ÷ףǣһͷɥĴ
ǰ˵ĶԣԸͬһȥīҹվƽĵԺ⣬·ȴڳ˶š
⣬ƺЩˡ
ƽʵΪΣ
īҹЦ¶ѩβĻƽ˵ķУһ˲䵹˾ǽλɱĽ𣬶ѰоһĽýŮ
īҹҹ£̲סЦ͵
ҹͬװνһս
ƽ£ƵءŶƹīҹⲽ÷ǰ
÷ͷͣпñĳۣס
ƽʮֻҿ
÷Ըȴʵʵ̧ͷšŲƲһߣ¶ʰ쵵һ
˻ƽ棬ʦܣֿݰ
÷ʦ֪Ϊ֡
ÿԽġ
īҹ˼ϴǰ׵Ľˡ
ʱϮĴûʲô飬ѧĵԺβģ˵ǰ秵ģ͸¶ֱס
ƽͦϲˡ
ǰ׷·ͨϣôŬܻû͸Ľ⣬ȴܸоĽڻǴǰǰ㽩Ӳˡ
īҹǵͷɡ
⻰Ƕ÷˵ģƽȴתͷЦӯӯʵǽԼأ
īҹ룬īɫڳ裬ָѻɫд
Ц£Ǹģ˵
ƺûоܾɡ
ҡīҹĦԼĽʣ²λԵ£Ұɡ
ΪĳԹֱӽճǵĽ
ƽʶپ޾׵Ľߣ֮¾֮Ȼ࣬ǰλ𣬱֮˼Һ
һͣϢҰ
īҹ÷״ҴִҴߣƽѧɽȵԴһһĲɵģ
̫Ʋڸǣһֱţյͷ޶˵ķҶ䶼Ѱκġ
·Ҷ˲ȹΪ΢
ɾתۼ䣬ҶѻΪϮⷬ仯΢ƽķ˿δöɫħ·У˼еı仯Ϥû
ƽ۲δȵ·ûʶǰΣա
ֻһ۵Ķ
̧֣񷭿һǽҿһڿз¡
˲䣬Ŀռƿˮʽ壬иԾ˾ĽĿռ䳹׽
ԶɽˮֱߵƲ㣬ʱᷢɳɳҶƮƮرʵ˺ƮƮ뻭
ûоûװѣϸֽ֣ᷢŲѰĻֽݳɻݳɷֽС
һͬ뻭еģǰϮһ
˿գԷҲգֻǸشԶһգ۵ĹͱȫͬĻһʼҽ뵽ľûĻ󣬻㽫ҵĹΧһж˻
˵꣬˼ظĿڵǷ
ƽ΢΢ЦħΪأ
һϯѩɫĵƤ׵ĲȻ͹ħơ
ħ˼Ƭ̣ȫֱ治ղƽּ̧㻯˹ֻܳҲ֪
ЩѿҲֻһ˲ܿͻָʵʱ֪ҵĴģ
ѧһĿģλ˵еԹС
ʵʼǸա
ǧǰѾʶɹ飬һЩͶɽٷɹΪĵһʿ
ɹɹ֮ġ
ͬΪɹ飬֮ǰйϵµһ΢ˣαͬ缸ܹɨĽ޼īҹ
в˶۹Ϊ羿ĸΡ
ǧǰѾ߹˵ɹĵ·ɽپԲֱվȫߵĵطȫԳƵһ丩
ǧأǧʱ䣬ǻλǿ߸ǿǻոһյĿâ
Ϸֳɶⳳòɿ
ħƾɹǿߣڼ͹ľ綼Ҫȹ̡
ħֵ꣬Ҫһĺûᡣ
룬ԼԽһǹһЩ
硭
Ȼܵʮֱӡ
ⳡгıĶûлῪʼͱɱ
ħǸϲٵˣһɣת˼·
ȻǲˣħԽֺóϷѧΪʦ£ħԣҲǸĿ
ħԾɲģչȥ˾䣺Ϊĸ磬϶Ѿɹ飬ȶɽپԲҪ˶԰ɣɽپԲ֮ʲôĸо
ƽЦЦԼĪǿŴ˼ܵеĸо
հܵһͿصħ𣺡
ô죬ԺҪ˹ܸо˵ӡ
ħߵȥƽ¼δģС
գѧŰ񹫿¼ȡѧӵͬʱһȫµϢ
ˡħλɹ飬Կʦݼѧ
ϢȥƽʮĵضˣȲҪˣֻǻը


156 ǻԭ
ʱ, йμ̱״
һѧػУڶһĵ̸ᣬαΡ
ϸ, ̱¹ʾйأòпһǰӰ֮ʵ˹ھ
ƽնɻ³Անɸʱ۵Ȼ졣
, ǻҪ֣
ƪӵȻʮּ, д˳ǧֵ£ѧ˴ΪĶ󷢳˰಻סŭ
ʱ֮ǰϹʱ, Ϲʱ֮⻹иӾԶЩȥ񶼲ö֪һȫȻΪֻŪԼ, ʿ֪ԼӺδ, ֪ܿܿԼδȥ, һͷԼĹ̳, ЦǺǵס
Ҫ˵ⳡ̫ƯǾ͸ýЩӸ¸ĵġˡǺúÿռŵ˭Ѫ, ˭꣬ǧνĵ㻯Ǹ, , ҵȽΪ, Ըõ

ҴǳΪϴǧ̸ᣬλɹĵͬʱ¶Ѿһˮ񣬸ǲҪٶܻ䣬Ǹӽܵһ
˵ϹʱԻбٳһ·Ǹʱǻԭ֮ϻ㼯Ұ֣ǻʲô֣
ƪϸһ־Ѹٱ۵Ƶ硰λܶˣϻʲôܵġֻǡ֤̫ʷ
ȻҲ˥
ıǵĿŵˣŭλ
񶼶ĳλǰеġ࡯ɣ֮ΪΪҪǧһȺص˵õ
һ˵֮λͼǵ磬ûɹ𡣲ûɹô·ʿ˵⣬ǼٵЩǿʹǼٵ𣿼ˣΪҪͬΪУδλ֪ʵȥĳԹѳɹȥעѵǾͺϸúһȥ𣿡
Ҳټ
һֱս˫ʱؽʵڽͨ˵Ļ޲ôȥŶԷһȫС
ЦʵڿЦҹλǱˮܣѱʳֻ౾ܷӦȴдıܷӦڽҪϥףһҪȻ嵣ǶУֻͻ¾ϥš
䲻֪λܾδ㣬ôǸһźţλѣ̫ƽӿ쵽ͷˣ׼ɡ
Ҫţǲԣʵأʹ񽵿ռ.һжǿտƾ˭ܰʵǰұ˭
ѩԭ֮ϣӴ˳۾
ݵѩԭ庮Ҳᱻܲˣȴֻһɫĳϵһ֧ѣ۽ϸѻڸסһ˫纮̶ۣѩԭҪ䡣
һɪɪ꣬ǴѩԭװôëƤëԼɸﵹһƿҩ
궶ɤʣ뿪Ǻݴôãת˸飬𣿡
۽΢£˽ϵķѩĮȻӦޣѲ
µжţȻҲ⡣
벻⣬Ц£Խѩĺ磺ģҲʹˣ԰ɡ
ǲӶӣԹԵҾˣǰЩѧãʱһΪҵԼҪҵˣȴֻվţˣĪҴˣ
û˵öԣˣҵˡ
갢һ˫ԲۺΪβȥ
ӳĬΣû˵Űһ·ߵؼΪĵط
Ÿѩԭǵӿ̣ɫģ·ʲô¹ĥӺۣüͷ΢塣
ǰµۼˣҲˣɵĺۼ֮⸲µӺۣ£ƺºۼǰò뿪
ӱȶᵽ˿ĳ֮Ϣް
ˡЩĶ
ԭҲš
ޣһˣһǧ꣬һǧ꣬ȵѾʼɣԼŵĶǲǶԵģЩǲǱ˱ģʼǷ񻹴ڣͻȻһգĳˣţʶʱǿҫۣôأ
޲˼ǵȻȥҶôãǰµΨһˣΪʲôȥʵأ
ǰţΪʲôȥʵأ
飬޿ʼԥԼǲ˵˻ͻȻ뵽ĳλ˵˰ﶼҪиģرЩǵþõģʱԽãԽûʵֵıҪΪڵΨһֵȥΪ˵ȥ
ǸҪʵˣͻȥඡ
޵һ飬СƳӵɫתڵûϹ˵ģϸ֮·ֻǲĺãǲ˾ͻһš
˵ţϸһļҡҳ֮ΪҰɣұ뿴ҵȻǶʱôޣʱˣȴҲǵһ棬ȥʱֻ㡣
һСĵܵܶѾ游ˣƺǵңҵʱ˼˵˵ˡ
ҵʱ;ãǲĺá
ãӽ˾䣺Ҳͬ
ţǲԸǲҼ
ָ£ûдرɫ̣ȴ·̵һ㡣
ͣʱ䳤ˣԶ徳ش춯ǰѲ˭ٶ
ɵض󣬶ֻɨһָۣṴ·һεұȻ˺ѿ
תۣǰ̽˱һУǻûзӦûܵʹ㿴ǰȻѿƽ·ж򵥡
ɱ
üĮȻޣããѩԭ򶫱ȥ
޸ߴߴʣѾˣǰ޸ô𣿡
ûд𻰣Ĭƺ
޵ôߣʵʲôܹܲ⺰
ӲĲͣдһǳѩС
ס
˼صͷ˷ܵؽǰ


157 ҽʦ
λնɻ³Աһν뵽նɸʱ, 㲻˼𺳵ˡ
ǶվڸߴǿʿԽߣԽܸʶǺ֮Ĳࡣ
ɹ, ɸ˵ĵصɣ΢ġƽɽͼ
Ѿɽͼʲôɽͼɽ, ͬɽӹһ, ζڿռ֮ǳܹ
ѧһ밲ڴģһնɸУΪնɸʹĵӵ, նɸ֮У˫۵Ŀӡ
ۿնɸһʵ޲Ŀռ䣬Ҳɷ̾
̫жѡ
, ˿ƽֶ˼־;衣
ö, ƽδ, ʷһתҰͷңԶɽӦ, εض𣬷·ڿյɽ壬ֱ˷գۼǰ, ͷȥԼǰƾճһɽ, ڵס˹ߡ
ϢĿ¶棺Ƿ壿»ǵһμ
ƽ, նɸн, ͽȥҪüʱ䣬ԷЩ
ʱֱ꣬ɳ;СԴĹУƫƫ̬ȶԴǵǰƺԵе
صµķ壬ø۲ѣÿÿӼŷʱܵõ۵񣬾ŵĵ˽¶۹ٴΣĽܵĵĻᡣ
ڵãԼ˱˴Ǹ
½Ϸ壬ž޴ɽٶȰεض𣬵ľɫ𽥱СΪһӰָֻΪ졣
ȻָоҲͦġ
ѧԭȵĵطնɸƽһۡͬնɸеʥնɻճõء
ԭΪնɻĳԱǼǰˣ˺ȴͥе˾ˡ
кһλīµӣüŵɫʾݣɫͫڵлްĹâԵΪ٣ƺƢ̫ãȻôڣҲûֻǵֵŶǣڿλýɨˣͷ
¸һڱᵽͬϢǰȻλӣ˺һ˲ŻȻǡǰ
̧´һ¸۵׸ֳһ˿⣬һһ壬Ҳʣǲ
¸ĳӿʦǰ⣬κҲûа취޶ţֻҴ֮λ°ھ֮ʱٽ֮λ𡣡
ʦλѣϹʱһλ󣬱һֱ֡¸޲пţ¡
ÿɷ񣬵ƽһ۱㿴ķǵļһ鲻˿СͷëҪ˵ˡ
֮⣬նɸԭеǧǰħ֪ϲʮɫغ˵⣬ûڣһµ˰дΧĿۼ棬ɫסȫñڵסˡ
Ǹоõ˵Ϣ֣ڳ֮УϢʮһ¾ܱħһ壬˲ͬϴһֹɭҪޣȴԺӵľڹϲܳ֡
߼ڵ˲䣬ĿϣûԹԵܵ£С˵˾䣺Щ㶼ҡ
˭
˵˶Щʣǻܣʮִûֱʳ
˪ͷƫһߣûߣʱû
̧ͷһ˫ҶƵ۾ѵô˷ĻȣӰɨӹڳˣ㾪˵һ˲֪Լλռĵѡ
Ψ΢üͷ¶˵ϵĶñ˴룬ҲǵãԼ
¹γǣԼǸʡĵСӴӹ򴳳ʱߴһɭɭˣ˵ϢҲ㣬Լ
΢ͷһĿⲻ⻮λƽ
ȻѴӿƽеϵƽºҲ˵ǶԴ˵Ĳ²⣬΢ܾĸŮ϶֮ĹϵЩʲô
Ҫϸ˵ǱԼСϣ˿Ϊľ̬ȣʱܲ͸¶Ȼ޷ĸŮһ˵
ɾ㲻ĸŮǶ˹ϵǲʵ˵ƽֵ߳ˣǰ߿ƽõǰ¶֧ʼȫһӦҲϡ¡
ĿѲһܣ˶۵ס
ǧǰ䣬ʵȻö˵ڴλѧǰĴɽϣͬһΪѾɹ飬һΪµӲδڣǺڵ⣬Ҳһɹ顣
ͷ⣬ԭΪǰѾǹھ˭һҹ֮λ䣬նɸе׻Ŷٵɹ顣
ţ˱ӿһƢӵӿ룬·һ㣬˳Ŵ죬֯ƣγһ͡
˾ȵ°ɲľ֯ɣϰȷʵʵʵ͵ġˡŤ͵ԼλϣƽףɫĳȻɢſ淢һ೤̾Ϣö˰
Ϣˣǰ壿
չüƺ鲻֧öȥһ񣺡ǰС
Ϣ齩Ӳһ˲Աߴ΢̵ĵЦ
ЦģôЩ꣬һԺСоΣ
ϢοЦƫûλϹʱǰһȣƵһС֡
ⷬЦֹ󣬷Χ΢ɿЩϢܼоȥ۲նɸеһС
˵ţһͷż㹷鷢εŮһ̴˽ڵƵİԼҽƽͫɨˣֻ벻ػһֱ۴ϸСƽһֱ߰״ƽ磬·һʻػףΨвƵĿ֪Ǹżǿʵ壬ҲǵΨһ
һ۵ףϢ̾
ûǰˣնɻʵҲκˡ
һƬž֮Уƽδ˵˪ɫƵؿڵǰˣмɺ˵š
˵ɫһ䣬ƽЩ飬ֻǱ˿ԣ豭ǳһڡ
ڽ¼ʷǿ״μϡ
ĬΣǳμ滹Щ裬ЩΨ΢ȿڣҡ
ҲԼ״ֱԲǿвɺˣشˣδȬ
ħһ˿ɫ۲΢ζش΢һۣߵ㵹Ǻܸ˵
ܳһʱ䣬΢Ķ֡
΢ɨһۣȴЦʵǾܱӣ㾡
ħ˸û˸ۡ
˪üһʵһˣ
ϢοЦǰɺ˴ڣǲδ΢ǰֱӰȥ
˪֧ãءŶüͷһ壬ͷػʣ׼бǰ΢΢̧Ӧҡ
īҹҲǡ
˪һϹʱƢҽ޵ıٶȷãʼˣʲôš
׼ͬҲǸƢõģüʵɺҲҵڵģ鷳֮˽֪ױȡҵһֵɹҲڱꡣ
˪Цһ˵δ˵ˣΪûбɺ
׼ŭı֮⣬֮޷㣬ǶȻӰ첻ߵĹħ޵зʽԶһأҪģȻһ磬ܹɺԴ֣֮ΨһӰ磬ѹΪ꣬Ӳ΢ҵ˰취нա
׷ͯȴܰԳ׼ûʱʶɹ֮ˣҼƾֻоѰҰɺ˵İ취һٶ꣬϶ɺ˵˽̶ȣʤҡ
˪Ҷ΢΢¶һĻȣǲû
׼һʵܽ
Цһųԣܽ£׼ӽһʦʳԡ
ƽǺһˮ˪ӣ৵һ½¶ñ¶һȻĿ¶мһܽ
ϢԲѯƽǰλǰ
ƽЦеŶ˵Ӧ֪
˵Ŀⶼȥƽ赭д˪ӦɣϹʱҲСġ
ˣ
ֹֹС
λϹʥ֮һҽʦ˪ҽϰҽܽԳ֣ÿҽ֮ʱðݰ˪λ֮ʦ
׼
ʱʰ쵡
ҽһĳ˪һʦү


158 ɺ֮
˪ַӦǹϢ, ΪԼɺܱϲ̷Ӧƽ˵ġûǸز
ƽЦ, ˪üһƵ˹ȥû˵۵װ׵дţָҰʲô
ƽûڣϢʮϵϯ, ˪һ, ֣صϢл˪ʦľ֮
ԥغʦɫײԥҪҪڵ׼һ仰˻ȥ׼ûظϢ˦˸ۡ
˪ҧгݵ˾õ绹Ǹǰһģһ
ƽЦе˵˵
ʱ˿, ˻ûʶ˪С˾á磬Ψͬһǧǰͺƽ˷˸ۡ
.ߵ͵ƭ˶
һ֮󣬰˳˵صİ˲, ƽɫ, ʼ˵¡
һ, סˡ
īָתһȦǳˮī, ʼûзֽٶȼʶջı£ϸܵī߹ճɽϢĽ, ˳ֻϴСȴ߶, ·һֻСʵ
, ΢ɽȻ, ޴۰׵ҶڿչԶȥϿ˷۰ɫĻƻá
һŴȫͼõͼʵڹڼª
ԿƵط̾ĵͺ̾һһŷǻŵһ㡣
ûƽΪܹԴϸµĵͼ·ѽÿһضһ㣬ֻĸп
һзʽжһַǻǰֱӽעʹķ֮Уɹ̶ķãʱеıַʿҪϰоϹŷģѾǸҪʱ;оͬʱУԸʱʽ΢ȷʵԭġ
߻ڸʱʧϰ˱ϰַҪٵĶ࣬ߵ츳Ҫߡ
оϹŷѣҲʲô̫ż£޷Ҫʱ;ɻͬһ顱֣Ļ޿κһģƾƳĻһŷе
˴ͳĵȫϵƣȫ޵Ļȫµķڸʱʱ˲ǲ֪ƷʽΪѶʵ̫ߣľͱ𽥵ҰֱһֱΪš
ջķּʱһ磬ͻȻΪǰܹնɸ硣
ԣÿƷڴµ硣
ܿ죬ջƵķ̳¿īʼٶȵ䣬˲Ϣ֮䣬·ϵˮƽˮ棬ˮԭˮīɫƸʽɫʣʻ
ΡĽɽȺɽ֣˶ʻĶ̬ͼ֮ҵԼŵڡ
ƽʼڿṴĶطɫıʼȦ˳ܡͽ󡢵ĸ΢΢Ե͹
ƽǴڵأ֮һݣǿ߳ɶݣӦ˵ݾۼ´󲿷ֵʿ
Ȼص㣬΢罻˸ƺЩ˽İš
ʿ࣬ζͬʱҲζࡣ
ƽֵݾУ󲿷ֵڻʳɻʳ֮жΪˣʳǿıԺʿڸܹɹƶȣɣȱԻʳ֡
˭Ըء
Ϣްһ˲ȴûзȻѾơ
λѾжԱ¶֣ʳûкʵĽӰˣķʿ޻ֻ֮ǸãȻȴű¾ĸ
˻һʳҡ
Ա²Ըдһġ
߰һӣδ˵͹ͷͷҲͬսԼڵϵȴ
ƽûͣ£ĿƵ˕Nݡ
Ĵ󲿷ǿŶݣΨйԪ⡣
ͬܺͱͬΪ֮һĹԪλڕNݣĕNڶһݣҲŹԪиδͻƵɹ飬Ϊͬɹ˵޼ĵڣNЩ߰ҲӹԪ
Ȼһԭ
ĬĬƳ˪ԵΪɵĹ
ԪΪ͵ɹ޼ĵ𣬹Ԫĳһɹ顣
ȻλɹͬűԪץסԷٻųɵĵɹ飬ȻԪѾƺͳ޹ϵȴҲɷϳǵΪĵʵ
ƽƳ˹һֱۣ˵˸ܲ˵ʵNݼѾ
۵׻һ˿ãȻͫգ˼£ʲô˼
ƽƽûΪߵԽܶ¶֮ͬ⣬Ŀǰ֪ɺ˵ĳַʽǰΪյĳӰ죬ҽ֮ΪȾ
˵ص㣬˶ϸ
һ֣Ϊֲƽ赭дһףһٵĺʹСɺˣĨȥ˸ʶΪĵ̣Ȼˣȥʿûκ𡣡
ƽ΢΢Ժиļ䡣
Ϊһ˵ĸʶ䵭ԳƵϲڣΪѾĨˣڽ뵽ʱûκεķˣļڡ
Ȼɺ˿Ա룬ͬҲԷ˵֪ýʿɺˣɺ˻Щʹڱֲһȡ̶ֲһʹڣѭһöǿɺˣЩɺ˵ʹΪƷ
ɸѡʹ츳ģǻɱЩǿɺΪʹ͸ǣԴʹ£߱ҪֱӰɺˣΪдƷ͡Ʒһ׶Ͼ;
ýϢ˾κˡ
ѾϾ˼ǰڴ¶̶һʱ便Ϊλ˽룬ѾȫȻ˺˵оԸӡ
ãŷߺ޵Ⱥ˵ĶûѴĵ˵
΢Ŀ¶졣
ܺﰵﶷЩ֮꣬ԷӪ֪˶ٰ̽һܰ̽Ȼĸ߲㣬΢ŵ˵Ƕ˽Ϊ͸ˣȴǲǰ֪֮ࡣ
΢һȿʼԼ
ڶַʽҲֲɺˣʽǰͬƽַʽΪޣ˷ʤ
̳صϢΪڴ˶ɽ֮ɺ˵תһʯǧˡ
İŭд
ǲŭǻڡ
ԼûЩ̳䵽
ΪȫĵĶɽʥأ֪ж˰бֲɺˡ
ƽԴ˱òİοַʽΪޣ䲻ױЧҲǰҪֲɺ˲һܹѿֻʮֺɺ˲Żڴ˷ʽ֮±Ϊʹ
촫ĵ㻯Ŀ
Ȼûбο
һַԼĪһٶǰֵģԲһַʽƽĿƽػڳˣΪԽߵˣַܵʽӰԽ߷ܴš
ˣ
ˡ
ַʽԴһֹɽ̶̰ʱӵ֮ĴģϢ˷ʤֻЩ˲ܹõ
˻ʣӵСһ΢
ĬãϢأصһʣʵڲö⣬ǰ󡣡
£ʵɺˡʲôã
ԣˢˢؿ
ƽЩЦüôȺɺ˵˲֪ң֪ɺ˵ãΪҪ˼Ž룿
ϢЩεӡ
΢̹Ȼش𣺡֮ˣ޶˳ֵĶٶĻ֮ģ䵱֪ⶫͶйغ󣬱ѾԼµˣⶫǾ޴罫ˡ
˵ͷʾͬ´Ҳ΢ͬɡ
ƽ۽£ƵỺ˵ҲƵϺˡ
ҼЩʱͱֲɺ˵Сɺģ˵ڣյ˵ҲãҲգɺ˺ܴزϸУϸ˵֮Դö֮ϸе;ȫɺߣͬҲɺ˲ϸ֮УܹӪһԼúôϸеļ
ʱٽ룬ʻ;ɺ˱һߣֻʣһտǡ
׼鰵һ˲
ƽṴѵǾãЩ
ֻһƬĬ
ã׼ɤԳ˾䣺ЩУԭ޵ġ
ƽοҲûһΪµʿˣλɹ飬Գתʱ䣬Ϊȫɺ˴ߣڸ߽ʿԣɺ˵ĴζһΣ
˻üɿֱƽһͨһ׹
ɺ˴һ֣ͼɵƵ񽵿֣ܽЩ񽵿ȫȫƿأǲ¡ܹͨɺȫǵļж󡣡
˱ðһ亹ָĵס


Ĺ
159 ѩԭ̽
˵ǻһ˿, ⷬѾ׵׵ʵ
ûܹԼ˵δʹõĿܡ
λĹ򣬳ϵķΧֱ, һ¼ĺۼᵽһ֮ɱ
ĬΣʵǰ
˿ڣ˱ͬʱƽīҹϸüһ, ǶѾ, ûʲô˵ˡ
ƽָڽһ㣬ȡ˰öĴָǴСԲ, 氼͹ƽȥǿҵĦУָһ, öԲ˱ֱ˰С
˲, ̧ؿƽǰ, Ǻ
ƽζһӡ
ԲɢȵĴ, õֺ󣬷׷׳ʶȥʶ˲䣬һŨӿ
չüŨ, ʵر۾
΢Ƭ̣и˼ͷ, 
ƽӦˣӡ
޲ȡ
¸ƺָΪЩ, 뵽һ, ʵȥٳһ𣿡
ƽĿ¶Ц⣬ƺĳӰ£ֻһ˲䣬ܿ챻ȥīҹƺԲЩʲôİĽͶȥһƳ漴ջء
ǲܡƽ˵ЩӰһҲֻһС֣ʵӣǸĹʵ
Ǵȥӣպǻڵص׽޵ϵݣ˴ڵ̳һϵ֯ɵ
˶û̫Եɣ¸ǧǰǳΧ˵ȴ̷ӳ˹
лһ˿Ȼԭڴ⡣
˵ţҡҡͷȷʵ硣
ǰĿ¶ɻ͵ǧǰΪ޶ȵı֤ĵİȫɽھɽǰԵʱĵȫ񽵿ܽһνɱ񽵿õǴ֮˵壬ʶ֮ˣѰʿʤɽͬ͹ǰ˸취󣬽Ϥصصס
˵£Ҳ̾һ֮ˣڴˣڴˣѪƬԷָߵȴ޷ͬͨǸ󷨣ڴ֮еȫ񽵿ܡ
˺˽ǵϤȥٲڴ
ⳡɱ¾Ϊ˽м˵ӻԶجΣҲһս֣Կÿ˵С
Ҳŭɽʧ󣬽ݣԽٵ˽緢֮٣ʷҲֻȺ߲˵һ
ýϢ·ǳĶȻǰ
׼ͻȻ̧ЩڴʵȻǰ˪ʦұȫˡ
ûܰ仰꣬㿴˪˲Ծ˸õ⡣
ǰ浱͹ǰʹõ󷨣Ǻ͹ǰӦĲˡ
뵽ΪʦĹϢҲʧ
ƽָߵţûϸ˵
ʵԶҲΪ֮⣬ʱֻмͫͻʿܹ񽵿ܣֱĨꡣ
뵽ıԼܹ͸һۿ˵꣬󲿷˶޷
ǧȻ
ƽӵǶҪ˿ʱݵı飬̲סЩЦ
ӣݳα̵ͫȻˣ㶵ظһЩҪ󣬡Ӱ
ƽʱûʶˣڵȻӡ
৵һº͸ˣƺͷ˿ܿԼĺ⣬СҶƬڹĺشͷ
ȥȴһضƽ˵Ҫҡ
ƽʱʶСˣסǵЦ⣬ô
ݱ˰ûʵݣԹһͨǸӣÿնѧϰҲԾ
ƽؿͨС۸òˣЦݼգգ۾ûѧ٣Űﵹѧ˲
ʰ𱻵ѹϵᣬǰ˼ҳܿʽСԸƽһͼײЩȾΧԣĳһҳСӡ֡
ƽζüһصһ䣺⻭ҡ
԰գƺѾ˲ٵĵʵ˭ģ
գգ۾޹˪˵ⱾͼȽϷ㡣
ƽЦơ
и˪åҽ޼һʺƽ˹ݵָԼֵϣҿ仨ɡ
ۣ֪жѣһβɵ׼οҲüʱ
ɻδ䣬۶Ļҡҷţһ΢
ƽһÿ㿴һ۰׵СԵݵƬ΢΢ţ޵
쵽ƽǰִֵ˵ҿԡ
԰գƺЩίͷĵĻѣررϲʱ򣬾ͻῪˡ
ͻܿġ
Կ£һֱѡ
ԼĿڣƺЩָӵĸо
ǱʲôˣֻҪͷ·Ҫѳ࣬ԴʹУϸܵطһζ
Ӧ㲻ϴĻϲɡ
Ϊʲôǿˡ
ҡ
㶵ƽ͸ӨۣԼڵӡ
Ļݣһɵ
СԼŲʹģظоֹҪһ仨
Ѿ⻨ˡ
ǶС䵽ƽ󣬾˴ʢŵ£ήḶ́ÿƬĻΪöӵ״
ƽĵͷѪЩͬʱӣΪոЩ֪ܵĵ
һЦУ޶˴Щƽټ񣬼µѹȸ
һֱãɣʵ̫ˡ
ƽʹţֹĴȫͼһһ
һΣҪһǴʹ£շתߵجΡ

ڴĴ󲿷ڰ֮ʱһ񽵿ܵĴڽ١
նɻȫݣƽѵñֳһ˲ɡ
׼Ťشչ˪温ݣл˪ҽ֮Ķ飬ǰл˪ɺĶ飬ʵڳɣӲҧݹ
ƫƫȫ̹ϢһֱЦеԱ߿֣׼ͷһջ
˪üͷ壬˼νɺСĴȡƽһ¸Էȥˣӷպû
ƽµػ͵õģб񡣡
΢㣬ʱ䣬ӦѾǻˡ

ӵѩ⣬һȺѾڴ˵ش˽һµٶȴӹڳ̤ţͱѩ硣
ѾϰѩԭûӦֻǽĿմѩɾּǰ
һµʱ䣬㹻ϰѩԭҲ㹻ѩԭͬǡ
һ˼źѩԭϵƵװ磬жñĺɫ񣬻Ŀñһͬ棬ñӱ紵һ⣬䶼žƺЩӲʱͺһڣ˳ҩǺࡣ
һУֻһ⡣
촩ɵķ£дһ˿ɫ۱Ե׺žɫߣ·϶Ŀ貵Ķɫβӯ·ֻҪڵ̷졣
ûһů£Ὣ¶ιǴչ֮ʱ·ƣװʮڱѩصѩԭ֮ϾԵø졣
£˵ȴӰ죬༸˶һ޴ƶů¯ߡ
һˣִܶˡ
һȺ˽Χţ¶תһȦ׽Ⱥ֮ΨһûǸӰ
Ȼܵʦ֣Сʦá
ƽͫԾرͫӣѩԭñסͷòð˳ǰΪҡ
ʵЩ̲ˡ
μ档룬һһöëëϸůģһ𣬡㵱ʦֵļɡ
ƽӹƬëϴëȽ£ҪСܶ࣬ɫҲƬβǰ㻪ӦһƬͨë
۹۱Ǳǹģ²˾ĺϲëë𣬳¶һɬЦлʦ֡
ȻǼǰż
챾ŵһʦֵ̬ȣ׼ԳμСʦñʾһƣ֣ͼƽǰƲķ˿ٲ붵ñС
Դķ·ؼůԴƽʮʣɿĶʱʶغһ
ֽڰգһĶŪЩΡ
ƽжʱͷ
֮УλߵĻλ͵ëԵλҲܱʾܡ
ô廯Ϊκëͳͷ
ƽ̧ͷһۣᶨؾܾ


160 ֪
ʦ, ᵽӵѩƽºΪʱͻƵİ£
ϹżֿҲʱ, ʱΪ޼¶̶̰꾹ͻƵ˰£Ѳ˾ȡ
Ϊߣʶ˲١
ŷ˵ܳ, ˽ⲻ, ǸЩƨİ꣬һϦ֮侹࣬жЩɣɫ, ƽЩЩӾʲô
Ц£ûʲô£ֻǰľɼκˣΪ, Ȼƾ, ˳Ĵм䡣
Ȼ, ȴյһȫļ䣬ֻЩ̫ʹ, Ը̸
û˵ʦʦö˿£ȴҲûٶ
תһȦִս, ȷţʦ֡
ķ, Ϥ
Ϊλӵѩ, ʦǵġЩʱ, 첻ˣſںıҲսϹھҵķ𲻾κϺѩԭ˼֮أǲѩԭʧжʦǡ
ʵǡ
ǰģֻʱ¶Լ֮ϵȥһڣܹʦҲȷʵѧȻʦͽûܼ棬Ҳ㲻ȫȻ˵ѡ
͵͵ƳƽһۣĿס峤࣬ܵĿʱЦЦźǹɡ
ǰʦʦ˽˵СʦŮ
춢ƽ˼⣬СʦÿȥֿɰģƺЩСİ˵Ŀµú˼ôǸµŮġ
ţҡҡͷֻԼѪԵϵһС
ߵĽչˣ
˶ѩѩԭһǰڣнٶȿ˺ܶ࣬гҩƽƳƾķҩٶҲۿɼıΧߣȻĴů¯
ѩԭһ£ƽߵĵѾָƣ˵ԭʦѩԭѡʺϴۣͨѡۣҪﵽҪһŨԳ֤ܹȥλÿƽ̹ͬʱñܿѩԭ֮ϼ͵ѩ޾۾ӵأ̶󷨱ѩƻǾҪУӵѩءѧ̫֮ԶӴûЯҩ޷뿪ѩԭ
ú棬ƽֽŵʵۣҵ
һ߿Դǰߣһ߷һѩԭĵͼ̿ͼǰ콫ԴչȥƽָŵͼϻһӰǾӵѩغѧΪеһһ·ɽķǰ˴ѩ޾۾ӵؾŴЩط⣬Ҫǹ
һϲͨƽⷬ˵һһ㶵ģֻܴصͷűĿסСʦõĲգأðһͷ
Ů
յĿǽһѩԭЩӵѩص˵ɽķΪŨĵطеĻɽҲһʵתվ㡣
ǿˣԼоǸںů¯ݣʵʵűŻ˼ȴѾƮһ
ɽüͷ΢šⰵһ˲
Դӽ˴мͷ֮ĸоɽĳĶڣ·̹裬ſɽǿҡ
ɽһˡ
˵ǰòǿ룬һ˵İɡ
ĬĬţ̲ס˸սָĿ̶ֲټһʡ
İ֮£˵нٶȿ˺֮ܶ࣬ƽʱһʱѾԽǰǵվ㣬ɽķǰȥˣɫҲѾԼ
ƽ̧ͷɫ˼Ƭ̵ҹѩԭʺߣǽĿԶǴ˿۷ǸǰߣҽǼӿٶĿ귽ȥ쳹װ͵ӪʦڣǲϺţټ
˶ͬ˳˵컹ﻹһѡ
ǰһʱѾҪװˣƽ¹۲һûʲôΣգ˵ǱʱӪɻδ䣬ƽأüͷһ壬߿ȥ
̧֣ʾ˲Ҫ˵˽˵ϢƬ̺ƽɫ΢䣬ܴӦѩ޳
ѩҹƻͱȰҪۼһѩ޸ǿ£ǻϵʿֻһҲԴ˵ȺƽʵԪӤˡ
䣬ɫһ䣬ͬһʱ̣Ҳѩ޳춯˷Ǻ֮𺳣·гǧȺۼһ𣬼ܹѩԭ
ƽˮʣԭ·ˣסǧҪɢ
ҹѩԭ·һܿµ飬ѩԭ̽յʿ˶ʧȥټɥġ
̫ʷҵԼСӣʱڲѩ޷ʱ򰡣ΪλͻȻѩ޳
ƽϸڴ˷ѩ֮УԼЩԵĶüŭǣ
£ް֣ڹʹЩѩޡ
һ·ɿķ󳷣ٶȿ첻ѩԭѩǣοڴٶһѩԭǡ
Ǻѩܶѩԭ֮вݺӵǿѩȺҹĶԷƺĿĵʹȺںͿꡣ
𰵵ǳģǿ첻Ⱥûɱ⣬Ǳ꼰ĳ㡣
ͬʱ˶ɽķһ죬ǵصĺ¡쳹ʣƳһۣʧѩˣ
ƽȻҲ⶯˼Ƭ̣ңɽķշС
Ѹڿն𣬸շգ㿴;µӡѾȫѩûǼֻⷬʧбѩɢΣա
ǷɵòߣϵֶܹţƫѩԭҹͬΣգѩԭ֮һѩޣӰѲ·ӰһϮü๾׼ش͸ʿĻϣϸӲ߽𵤡
ѩҲѩԭ˳֮ΪԵ
Ƿ̫ԶͺױЩԵϡ
һ·СطţܵĶ;ʱϮѩѣȺǺԼؿ
Ǻ֮δˣΪ͡
һǺУƽزһİϤ
ϸ²ӵѩغ档
üһʶʹЩȺ˭
кֱײȺзʤԵ˾ܵ˸ȫĵطܣƽǧҪɢ
һһӦǣؿȺײײããѩԭ֮ϣȻֲʱ·ȥʱ·
ǺУƽĬ̧ͷ˽ҹ¹Щͬ
Բ֮ҹѩԭϵҪԲЩɽǺ֮£¹ԵΪƺĳ֮
ͻȻǰӵѩһԡ
ѩԭҹʧʱѭ¹ķߣػ߻㵽ȫĵط
ڴ˿̣ȺڴǰйƬ̣Ⱥʹǵ¶Ӱ
ƽһˣȻûߵļЩ˿ˡ
ͷȺ˺Ǹմ˸棬ԭѩԭ֮ϻ˺üͷšţƺ˼ҪӦԣѾԵɱ⡣
ƽս˰磬ϵķ˻䵶֮ɢѪ⣬лѾ׼ôĵսĳ㶼˹
Ƕˣ䲻֪ײʲôأ߲ƣƺҪɱڡ
ԷһΪΪ֮Ϊɲ⣬ȻûǷУֻƳһ̶ۣڰ֣һ촦ơ
ţŶԷĬţŻĿߣȴչĿ
ɾʱƽͻȻժ˻Ŀժ˶ñ¶һ֪ϲ飬ԲƵΪ˸壿ô⡣
Ϊ֮˽Ӳһ˲Ȼ¸Զľ룬Ҳƺ¶˷˼ı顣
ţƽͲ߹ȥһһ壬С߰
ͷһȺ˽ѩԭ󻤷оЩ۾


161 Ԫռ
󻤷Ȼû뵽߻, һȺܵĵӣɵ˰죬ۼƽߵǰ˲ŷӦ
żʹ, ҪʹڲҲʱشʵݣǺദȴҲ֪˾ߡ
󻤷Ѿ˲ͷΪʲôʱ뵽ǲǵõĳЩϢ, 뵽ɽ֮Ǿ, Ϊ󻤷ԼҲֻǱִ񣬶ɽ֮º֪飬ѵڲϢй¶ˣ
󻤷ƽ˲һ˿, ⻳ɲصü˷֡
ƽ߽ϹżȻǵЦݵ, þò, û뵽㡣
ͷ۴߼۶ѩȺ, Ȼѵǲѩ޷˳ͻѩ޳, ѩԭʧȥ˷򣿡
ˣ۵׻⣬󻤷Ϥߵģ󻤷˼, ͷСС, ȷʵòˡ
һǰż
ƽʼεܻ𳵣ǰһ, û뵽ķʽ, ҲԵ֣ĿĵǺδ
һñط꺮ѵģͶĿ⣬ǿĵطƽָ£б£󻤷˸ơ
ʹƶİ˼ҪС
󻤷˼ͬװѵģô£
ƽͬɿص֣ܶǵ񡣡
󣬵ѾȻңܵҵǸΪһǱ뵽ߡ
󻤷üһѸǸûᣬֻЩɣʱնû뿪ѧôزʶ㰲飿
װ׵͸¶Ѿѧʱ̼ӣ۲Ķ
ƽԴԤƣֻû뵽ӵ˲ãһѧܵ˲ݺĺ幬ңתѩ֮ɭĴſκһֻˣ˾޲
ƽƬ̣лһâ
ʱ㣬󻤷һȺʵʹΪʲô
ļ֮УλĪδı⣬󻤷Ѿߵ죬һߵļ֮жӡ󲻶ࡣ
µ֮ڵ̸ձѾ֪ܲʹ󻤷һҪĽɫɽ˽°£ĿܱεԸġ
ת˲֮䣬ƽֿԵĲ²⡣
󻤷ͷ壬Щŵͬ飬ѩԭҹ䷽ѱ棬ҵһͬҲñ˴иӦ
˵꣬ƫͷ󻤷Ķû뿪ѧˡ
漴֮ܶΪ۵Ǹϣ󻤷˳߿ȥƳ˻ųɫ죬üĵķ˻ԣķӰ֣·ֻҪԸ⣬̼Ƭҹ
ķߡƽǰ
󻤷һǰЩѧϢ
˴ɹԹѧоͰ¸
û뵽徹Ȼеͼ˳֮ϵͨһ˶ѡ
󻤷ഫԣвٶἰһԼ裬һצͬΪ壬Ǵ˼ΪǿϡĴѾצѵҪѷҲ
˿캮ضѩԭ֮ϣ󻤷ȴ޶˳һ亹
Ŀ˲ϢƽһӦǲԣȻû⡣
ߵ»
ҪƿֻС˵٣ܽ̽٣ٺò
ˣ󻤷жǵ޵Ļɱ㳹ɢˡ
Ͷȥһ͵Ŀ⣬ĵߡ
ʹ֮õǰѵ
ƽ󻤷ǰ˽ܵλʱһλǰʱҹһɽУҲٰ
ʦ¶֪ĹҲĸ뿪кܳһʱһɽԱƵͬ󻤷кǰǰʦõչˣʦ˵öԣѩԭգȻʧüʱصϣͬиΪա
󻤷ŬһƵЦݣʹʹ˸ɫʾԷɱ
һĽ״̬ת˲Ϊڵ֪ƽһ
ʱĴ壬治һͬʱӦôʹ
˵䣬ϵ¹
Լ͸ŻްĻңƺʲôµ͸Ʋӿֳ
Ⱥ뿪ƽźۼɨһ󻤷ʹƳһʹе֣ᵽ޻۵Ϣ
Ǵ̼ѩõĶ
ȷʵĿĵʹѩޣΪʲô
ǰ֮һͷٴӿͷƽƽע¹⣬¹ѩ֮ϵĹߣͻȻʶЩһ·
֮£еһж·鸡ģƺĳֹͬԭĿռָϢǽ뵽һؿռ֮С
·һԭȵȫͬĿռⳡ¹֮нٵԭȵ緢صǴ˿̾ռĽ֮ڼΣյĲȶ϶
ƽͷһݡ
ڿռ֮ã֮мܳҡ
ɸղһ˲ת䣬ûмʱ
ѩԭҹʧ
¹⡢ػߡɽ
һжռ䡣
ͷ󻤷һʹͬεĺѣƽ˵ˡ
Ѳһܣǳȥˡ
ؿռ佻γӴӰ·ŤĴýӿѹӰ
ƽȷǷռ֮еĻþƺļ˸ղһĹӰ
ӰѵҲйޣ
ʱʶԡ
󻤷жһ˿⡣
ɽѩԭ֮У޻߶ѩԭ۾ӵѩȺ֮һѩǼ궯Բ֮ҹѩǵǺ֮Բ֮յ
û˵ᵼռ֮в
ռĿ֮󻤷ǳ˲亹ˡ
ƽǰһ¹µĹ֮ϣоԼĽŲʵʱŵԣһһߡ
ͷ󻤷Ҳʱ˲ͷ׻ܵĶ棬ʹǸƽһ·Źǰߡ
ܶϺƽ£Ǹ˼άֱˣ󻤷Լʦöչ˺󣬼󻤷ߵĲ̫˳˰֡
ƽĿɨһĻ
ƺΪ˸õĴƽָڽһһöƴСͭǶϵĴݴΪ˷ֹ˵޷ʱһܵͽָӴҡ
ͽֱӶڳеܵͬʱдܣһЩΪĵҲͨöƽͨƽһʹͽơ
жţ壬ռ伫ȶǧСġ
ͷܵԺͬʱƽ
ͬδ֪ΪˣΪ˱⶯ֺˣλעҴĪҪˡ
ĬĬţз׷׸
Сʦʦ㣬


162 ӰҹϮ
һ˳Ĭ¹ΣյԪռ֮, Σ󻤷ԼҲû뵽´˿˼, İΣյԪռ֮УϢˡ
֪ΪΣʱ̫ʷ侲ˣûһͳСӼ¼, ֻ߶ţԭӵѩصĴ˵, ż˵ˣҹѩԭʧ¹µĹܹҵ·
Ƕֻо, һЦˡ
Ͼ¹Ǿȵڵϣԡ
ʱ˭û뵽ջַʽʵ֡
л̫ʷ, СԪռ, 𣿡
ͬռĽ, ʱбͻȻĿռ籩Ŀռѷ˺Σա
л̲סϿЦ˼ԼԴܺǷḻ쳣, ӹ³ԹףȥϹżǰֶ˸Ԫռľ
ʵǰʮδйľʡ
ڴͷƽߵü, ǶܹܵĿռѷ죬ȴ׼رܹеΣ, ۼǰ·, ƺܿҪ߳ΣյԪռˡ
¹ʢ֮ʱ, ǺĻʹǽ
Ͼ˭ƽĵط֪
ƽŽ¹µĹߣסˡ
ĽǶǰȥ¹ȵڵϣγһĿռ䣬¹·һߣҲζţ¹ǵָ˽ˡ
ƽ΢΢üͷȥֹͣɽ£ֻܿƵɽҹɫ֮Уɽʵ̫ߣͷΡɽĽŵףƽһĸо
·ԼֻǸС΢ϡ
˸ͣ£󻤷ɻʲôˣ
ƽĬĬջߣɨĳĽ䣬̶µûʲôǵˡ
ǰһΧĿռѷ첨ʧоԼʵϡ½½뿪ͬҲоֱ仯̲סһ
ˡ
ǳ˰ɡ
ƽδɣ𿿽ߣﲻԣ
԰գ˳ƽĿ̧ͬͷȥڼƺֻҹɫ¶һֵѩɽĻʱͻȻͷһʵǡɽ
󻤷һͣЩ˼ؿȥƬ̺ɽ
ԭѭ¹ָյĳɽƽµ˴ǵĿĵأǲЪϢһɽ̽
󻤷һۣ֪λ̫Ĵӣߵʦ㣬ͽǰλ֮ܵбǻˡ
ͬʱƽҲϹż֮кߵļ֮ܵһϹżеļȷ򲿷ִеˣܴ֣̽һЩϢ
̲ס˼Ƭ̣͵ɽ֮䣬ѵѡ˺ߡ
ϾµεǵĵһҪ
󻤷Ŀɽҵ״ãϰҹɽ㵱һǰ棬ΪλС̽̽·
ǰƽͽƵĴУܵǰн˸񣬲֮⣬ǵǱףǰͬһ·˳硣
òҪ
󻤷ЦݻûȥһתԴһ仰
󻤷Щɻؿƽɫ糣ֱֱֻɽƺʲôһ
Ϊ
Ϊʲô̶ֶ˵꣬ϮӰ󻤷֪ͷ˲Ϣ֮ϰѰӰŵĹһС˾ڣ£Ҳһǵ֪Ĵ֮һ
ҹɫ󻤷෨õıǳӰ̻ɫȻɢϢؽԲһﶼ˽ȥ֮УһеΡ
֪ΪΣʩչʱ󻤷оԼڵɺһ˲ʼȣһ˲䣬оԼ·
̶һ˲أһ˲ָֻܿ˳̬
󻤷ͷЩɻ󣬽űоһѰӰ֮£ûκĶܹ֮ѣɸղϢϮӰû˿춯ƺһ㡣
ԣ
󻤷ͷһֱӱ˺ǻת˲֮䣬ʹǰӿ
ᰱɢֵʱſһУͬʱһ
󻤷űһֻڵֱӶΪκڵ󻤷ֻüܿҪ
֪δǯסֻڵֱۣǲſ󻤷ǰվһȫȻڵӰӰûӰӣҹɫ֮Աʵ
˹һĻò˶ֱڵ
ɾ󻤷ս˲䣬ڵӰȴͬһɢˣһĺɫɽ
һжùͻȻʯ䣬ǺӰѾʧ󻤷ؿڻȻһ󶴣Ѫ
ʹǶʱˣ׷Χͼ󻤷ƣ󻤷ؿڵѪҡһ˲ᵹȥ
󣬴ʦվλʦѹ󡣡ƽֳ󻤷һöҩɨܵӣֵʦ֣ͷ㱣ҡ
֮мߵ˶İȫȻӣѸٽ󷨡
ҩڣ˳һůӿڣ󻤷ɫÿЩؿڵѪδѧ
ƽˣΪԣˡ
̧ʹַԸã֮ûҽޣֻԵҩţ뿪ˡ
ʹ˵̬ʵ̫ȻʹԸһһ㶵أӦʱѾԷض󻤷ǰΪˡ
ô¡󻤷ˮ뿿һʹԼɫûκλӹҵᰣǸǻ
ƽվһԣ㿴Ƕӣܿǻ
󻤷ɫѿǶΪߣԼƫ﷭ѵǹޣ
ܵҡͷǼޣҲ̬ӡ
̫ʷ˼ŵǡĹ¼мصȣʵ壬ɽҰ֮Уϲʳࡣ
󻤷üͷһ壺ȷʵǳҵµ֡
ֻ񣬱ܿ˶ѣˣٲҲҪشˡ
ƽ΢΢üȣ
̫ʷͷ˵ǧǰ֮ٺų֣˷ħǹΣȴͬκε壬ıɽܽ뵽ɽ֮٣ʼձ˴˵֮
˵꣬ԼҲпǽջ˲ٴűġ
ƽÿɷ
ŸղһĻһ˿
Ԫռ֮ʱ㿴ֵĹӰ̤Ԫռ뵽ɽʱٶȿ
ɶԷĿȷǳ󻤷ȥġ
ֻǴеϲʳ࣬ΪαܿһֵҲֱڳڶΪµСֱڳΪߵӲͷ
Ȼϳ
ߡƽĿ⻷һܣ̾ǻûгȥ
̶һ仰˴ʧɫ
ʲô˼
ǷѾǸռ߳ˡ
ƽ侲ԪռͬռĽ紦߳Ԫռ䣬һǻصԭе磬ߵ˽ľͷ·ߣǡߵԭһռ֮С
ʵҹ·ӭƽ֮Ļ
һŵĳĬ
ú̫ʷԣѾһؿռˣ
Χ͵ͼлɽ޶£ν͡
ƽƬ̣΢ʷ˿̿дԼƽҡ
۾أһ˲˹ϣ𰸲ܸˣǵϣˡ
üͷ壬ڵûࡣ
ų鵶ڵ棬ǱѪɫĵ֮ʼնֻ˱һͬޡ
üǷ𣿴˴䵭ޣľˡ
ˣƽϵıαװڳ׵ȥ
ɽٶɢַ·ǧ֮ľУ˾·ڴ˼䣬üϤܵǶΪ֮Ŀʲô
ãƽŵġҲݽ߼޵ʱ򡣡
ֻڣǧ֮ǰ
л˵


163 ʱս
ʲʲô˼
˶ƽ仰ðû˵
ʵһ̫׵, ֻǺö˶˵ѩԭһ񣬿תۼʹԪռǧǰĴģ
ôܡ侲Խʱ˼򵥾ܰ쵽, Ҳǿʿ¶صĴۣʱ֮ᱻΪ
бУʿǾ죬ǻתǷ޷󻯵, ˵ͻƼ, Ȼͻһڿ쾿ߵߣ޿ɺǣϾʿʼľ̽Ѱļޡ
տռǼ, Ҳ˵żߵʱ֮Ƕʱ䣬ʧʱѷ֮, ׻еĳ
ʶԽʱһʵ̫Σ, Ŀǰĵˮƽ, ܹǸݴССŸɴ˽, ʱ֮Ϊ˽Ĵսйʱ֮ŷӴͨ
Ȼкܶ˲ġ
Ϊǿɱǣʱ֮Ϊʿƿ, ΢ԫ򵽵δֻͨ
΢ԫģһһεķ粨֮, ΢ԫƶϴδ©, óǵʦв, ΢ԫ㾫׼ʱɡ
΢ԫԼ棬ƽϢⳡɧҡ
΢ԫĻӦҲͬ΢ԫĹȴѰ֮΢ԫʦⱾֻһ䶣κ˲öʱ֮Ӱδת΢ԫϮʦΥ
ǻţ׷ʵʦ˭˵㻰𣿿΢ԫʦ֮ʱϢġ
΢ԫˣع⳾
Ϲ˫֮һĴУ֮ƽϢ
ʷƽǴӴпġ
ع⳾Լѧޱؽ̸Ψع⳾Ӳ֣ȻҲûͨڸʱ
ع⳾һǧַԼҪϢﵽһǧƽԴ˺ɡ
ǰǸԪռ߳ûиܵκγ˷粨ƽϢЩʱ֮ΥΪǰԹһǰ˵һּ˺ѵʹܹ࣬⣬ҪԽʱ뵱ԽԶܵʹԽп⵽ķɣ
ƽ侲˼򵥣Ϊ˸۵Щǰǰ׷ˡ
һ£ûйƽԡ
ƽ£ֻﲻζȥ
ԣǲûдԽʱȥһǧǰƽĿɽʱձ⣬ֻǳΪ֮Ĵߡ
ţãˡ
ƽʰ˸֦ҹɫ庮ġ
֦ڵϼ򵥹˸ɽΣ˴չһ֪ɽ
̶ڵϻɽ⻭˸뻡ΣĳϽɽɽ⻭һϸϸĳߣ⹴˼ʣ˿ţ˼ǷžԪռ䣬ΧĻްԪռⲨĿռ籩
ƽš˲֮տ֦ڵ⹴ʣҲܰѿռ籩˳Ķ
ţڵԭеɽͼ֮ϣֻһɽ˵ģʱɽ
ϣɽཻԵƽ⻯˱߽ģӣԴ֡
ƽŵϣްǴԽʱգĳĴڣǧǰɽǸ̻һֱڣΪ˺ɽཻһؿռ䡣
£ˣȻǧǰɽΪĵͼһС飬ǱһСطӵͼϸˣ˵״̬ʱı仯ͬʱɽռ佻һ𣬳ǿģ
ƽͷղǾԪռ䣬ͬʱɽͨ
ʱһ
Ȼͬ㹻ôǻ취ͨԪռٴλص֮Уͻصǧǰ硣
ƽ˼ɾʲôܹǿ󵽽һ̻ǧʱ䣬γһؿռ䡣
˵ţѹЩƽѯʦãҪһҲǵɹ԰ɣ
ƽ£ָܿصԡ
ϸɹ
ȺУÿռ֮ʵΪѾԽ˵ɹ飬ԼһԼ
ҲҽԼ
ƽһͷһۣһ߳ԪռԪռĿռ籩ʼϯխͨװ׵ظǣ·ͨ
һû̫סʵ˴ռ䱻̻ǸղϮǰĺӰʲôأ
ɫһ࣬쳣
Թ̻˾еһӦû̶浱ʱ״̬ȻˣΪλ֮ܶ侫׼׼󻤷ֿ֣׼ֺݡ
˭֪ءƽڵʱزȥҲãɽɣ˵гȥĵط
Ȼͬ⡣
ᣬƽķ󻤷ɫ粻ȸղʱҪѿƺͨʲô顣
ƽ״ܵʹ˸ʾΪߵͷԼδ󻤷̬ȣһҪչģߵ˶󷽵ס
ƽʼźۼ׻øղ˵ʲô
󻤷Ÿղŵĸоˡ
˵𰸣Լ޷ȫȻš
˵أ񣿡ƽˣǵþҵӴ˴ȥķȥʱɽźá
Ȼ˵󻤷ı˼ȡ
ƽˣ󻤷񣬲ҪʱɽУĿĵأⱻһǧǰ
ԼΣԾ֮
֮ˣû¡
󻤷˱ŭ
˵صˣ󻤷ﲻģԼŭ±˲
ѡλѡ
ƽֵұֻѩԭѰҺʵĴվ㣬Ǳǣⳡֵ֮ģڴ˵£Ҫʲôһܰæ
ⷬ󻤷ںЩ׻оģûжԣֻ˵˾䣺˵أһ
ʲôͲ֪ˡ
ƽͷһѸ뵽΢ӾпɽɢѪ⡣
ѵҪҵģǸ
һ˶ĬĬɽţɽΪֳͣѩ·ϾߣǵɽٶȺ
˵һ˲ֻǰһСΡ
ʱƽüͷһ壬ǵģ
䣬һ͸ղһ޵ĺӰѸ֮ƽһʹĶεʹû󻤷
˴󺧣ǣÿ˸۵Ļϣ󻤷ǿŵҩкתǰŭޱͷųȥ
ƽʱɿ֣΢Ƴһۣû˵ʲôתͽƶܵǴ
עԼǱҪʱ̣Ҫá
ȻΪʲôˡ
ƽȻѾʹԼ󻤷ǹһĨЦһš
ȺڸʱʿûǧǰǸĩʱĶ
˾֮ΣյģɲڰӰӡ
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164 ֮
ʹ˲Ȼ쿪ʼˡ
ƽý, 󻤷Լ͵˾䣺⵽ʲôƵط
ǺӰһ룬սûκһ˿ڰµ˵ʵĿ, ֻ޶ӿͷ
ǻδ֪е־塣
Ϊƽʼ򶨵̬ȣӰ죬û̫ţֻǳǳһ, ͵Լ
Ϲ, ߰ɡƽǿƵػѾЩҵˣ󻤷ɫӵؿԽ޴ҵΪû˵ʲô
ת, ƽлһĨ⡣
һߣеһʹ
ŵʯ֮䣬ص, ǺӰʹ̳, ԼһԵܵƺûе⡣
ǺӰʲô
ܵǺɺ, ѵǺӰһģɺˣ
̻ǧɽ, ׽͸ĺӰضʹֵ״̬֮ǰѾǰ֪ĹɽŵĿܻӰȫֵܡ
һȷʵֵ
¡Ŀɨ΢Щţǿʼðģ, ƽͨͽƴܵӣ˰ο, ͲҪ, м, Ҫ˷
΢΢һһƽͶ͵͵һƳɼص˵ͷ
֪ΪΣȻô׵رοˣеĽŸҲʼɢ
ǳĬʵǣУ̫ʷѸټ¼ǧǰһУǴĸϹʱǸʱαİ
ʳ⣬ʵʵһ֪һռ䱻棬ɽϸûʲôӵģڷӡ֮ǰɽϵأأѵҲһ𣿡
̫ʷ촽£˵ԼԼһҲ̫˰ɡ
ƽŲ΢٣˵˾䣺Ҳ֪
̫ʷһ㶣Ӧԭʦ㲻֪鰡
⻰˵ûɣƽٲѧţҲԪӤΪǵżûпӦδ飬ɲ֪ΪΣͬܵӵʦ֪˵ܡ
Ŷ˲ܺȾơ
̫ʷйð仰
ƽɨһۣҲ֪кܶࡣ
£ֵĿռ䣬ԷһտʼǶĿռ䣬ˣ˭֪ᷢʲôĸı䣬֮ʲô״̬пܡ
пܴӷӡͣһ͹̶Ǹ״̬֮УҲûй仯
Ҳпԭе磬նɸһ緢չֿ̫С̫̣ʲʵ֣նɸóռ֮Ϊеʱȫµĸ߽ʿ԰Ҳ޷漣
Ŀܣڷӡ֮սϾڳµ֮УŴ˾֮е飬һͬ򳹵׵Ļ
ƽƬ̣ͬʱͷųʶһ
˷֮Уƺĳ̵ּţܲκֻһƬţã
ƽüͷ̲ס£ֱֱ׹
ʲôĵطŻӵŸС
Щ롣
ɽḺ́Ҫ˳ɽߣ󻤷ֱշȥƽһ仰Ȱסˣ壬ǺӰ֪ʱٶϮСΪϡ
󻤷ǹĺӰϸƷ֮¾˵еֻܴʵʵŵɽ
ǴߵִߵڣٵڶʱڸоŲ΢ƽǰľ
ƽӦǵˡ
ĬĬգӽ뵽￪ʼδһֹͣʱڿ˾֮кͬ䡣
⡭ôƽ¾㵵ǰһʱ˵
ѭȥͬһϡ
Ϊܻ뿪ϣɽһС
Ӵ˵طȥĿ֮ͷֻһ޾İѩ
ûˣûжû˿·һ춼ڴ˿̹ڳţûκܹ߳ƬС
ؼֻѩԭ֮ϺХ˵ĺóأһŨصı޶ӿͷ
̫ʷȻഫսʿӢ갲֮صɽɽȻģ𡣡
֪ݡ
ѩԭ֮ϣֻܹǧѩ˪֮ıУ֮ɺѪ߲ʾŵѪɫӿ
ЩʴĶϱڴ׵ѩԭ֮۵׵ϸ̵ۣƽ۾ԼʹС
˪˵Щ֪Ĺȥ
ɽʧܵļع⳾һ֮ʧ٣ҹĹȣҲʱˡȺףٴνٵ񽵿ûǿв޼ɵƫʱĸؿʼƵֻ
Ǽ꣬Ҹྭڸش̾ˣ֪ģҲսټ˴֮Ͻǿսǵһһʮˣǽٵһ񽵿ɽǵɽգ֮٣缸
Լĵӡ˳ҲĶУұסһججĶд˼֪꣬ɽϡ
˪ǶιʱƺǰǸƢӲƵҽޣⱲӹ߰Ӳţǰ¶Ӻ˪۵дã
⼸ҵĽᣬܶΣɽɾʲô赲ңζϲȥֻڰɽǻ˪ɽϣǺһɽأˣ
Ȼ֪һʮˣҲȥ
ۿ
ƽоԼŲЩӲ˿ƺһ㣬ǰ˼ھ֧۶ʴĵʰǰϸϸ
ⶳǧıУֶۣƽû⡣
ѵǰ֮Ѿ۶ϣֻ߶̶һأѾû˵ģ֧ذף˪ڱһʵı㣬ƽ֮һػ𣬿¶ȣϵıȫڻ¶ʴıģ
ĴָỮ棬ѩӳüֽۣùӵѾ൱ģԿ֮УǿϳһͼʱѾģҲԼ֮ܿ˵ľַ⽣·Ǳȥһ㣬ڿлơ
Ӱͩľֻ߷ִɽơ
ںõĶַ
˵ƽϹʱһʦںǸڶһԽһƬصˡ
ǵͬںĹϵãϸ˵ںÿÿҪܡ
ܵԭҲɣ˵Ϊࡣ
ںλµĶʦаƽߣ⻰򵥷뷭룬൱࣬һԸֶĽ
ֻϧҲһλʦལ·䣬ͬʱʹöֲͬĽնŽűûһںģȫƽ֮֡
ںӾôµġ
ϸСѩڽ֮ϣ˾óģƽ£ɽͷǸȷĻڼѶϵǵȷϡ
ģϹʱս
࣬ں裬ԼȺˣǵ֮ء
ƽŶϵ׾ˣվʱЩ飬Щûվȡ
ٶȷĿͶããѩԭѩԭʴεıо۵ף³ĻȻ
սĹء
ƽס˫ͷӿһʹ࣬û̶޾ãȻ
֪˶ãо˫˺ѰţһƬ֮У侲ӽı֮ק˳
Żƽůġ
ƽֻ̧Լһ㣬䲻֪ԼС٣۵ƽ´ǰеؿԼů˫ǰ
Ȼع鵽ĺڰС
Դֵѩʱ䳤۾׿ˣϢ
ƽֱ㶵ƫͷȥʳ㣺ʦ𣿡
ûûۡ
ϴεԼβʱ˵ͷͷǵҽƿλػض֣ôԼʲôͲ֪ôʹˡ
ǣƽ֣ƽ۾Ǿһֵ˻ȥһϢ
ƽͻȻоһ˿İġ
ƽµһƽƽ˵ʦ㡪
ƽһҶı飬ϵ֪Ҳŵģɽʼ͹ֵֹģǲǺˣ㣬ʦûʲô˼ģ˵Ҳǣ֮СģΪһϳɵģƵĽǱ
лѵÿƽ˳ԱģԱЦеصͷǾǣǿͬͬţһ𴳹¹γǣһ΢ɽûô
ƽ侲˵ʵԴĿġ
Ǵӵѩ뿪ʱ϶׼ȫ׵ѩԭװĿС
ƽ£
ˬʵЦƽĺ󱳣ʦ㲻˵һˡ
ƽ鱻ǽ͵ƽʼƬء
취ȥƽӽöܵһһö˴Էһ
ţ󻤷ʹǡ
ӿ˴ããһƬһʱ󻤷͸һڣƽζоҪϿ뿪ʵȴʮʵԼ񣬾ҵҵѰҪҵĶ
мΣƽܸо󻤷ǿʶƺڵֿʲôǻʧˣճûȥ
ƽɫЩ΢󻤷״̬ľżʲôڱһһһ㡣
뵽ƽ
˵δ֪òҪɢڴ˵Ѿ˱ǣĴû뿪ͨǷкǽʱһԪռ䣬УӦþǴ˾ĳڡ
󻤷鲻Ըصͷ
ԼˣλȻַͨԼȻҲԿߵʹ
󻤷ı˱ۣĵڣס档
ֻϧɽããѩԭ֮ϴԭسȦһС
˷ѩ˵ʱޡ
̫ʷСֹһȺ˵صģ֮仹˵仰еһԪռ䴳ֻ»ûȰԼĥˡ
Щɥû˽Ļֻлθпһ䣺ܲȫûгڰɣˣӵѩصĴ˵Ϊγѭ¹ҵؼҵ·ѵ𣿡
ƽֻɥһ룬ܿ˵ɥϢһ£ķȥҡ
׷ˡ
˵䣬ͷһɳƵ
һæ̧ͷȥѾȫȻήֻʣͺɿ֦ϣиǱѩⶳıȻˣһѩ˽űߡ
ĿɿڴؿǸһ̶ӲشһԾ£ܶŤվǰɳƵ
ˣ֮ǰѾ˶ʮ죬˴еĵطѾȫ߱ˡ
ɢһֽŤУûгڣǶˣ
ƽüһĿĵƵѩˡϡ


165 갢
, ʶǿȾȫû˾֮ллˡ
ɵվǰʱȴظܵ˴ɢܹǿ
ûгڣⷬ, 󻤷ľӦðôûгڣ
ѩĨ˰ڽԼģ¶ŰģΪղŵź, һʱûֱܷ, ŷͲһ˫ڿȺ˺𽥴תΪͣѲ, ʢһЦ⡣
һжÿҪ˵ӣʮˣڼˡ
ԣ, ̫ʷСʵﱻ˶ʮ죿
ͷ, ·ҪʱյĿϤ˷йһ, ݺݵطѩʲôû, ˵ˣĶûУһƬţΣվǸΣ, ٿˣҾҪˡ
ⷱ, ̲ס¶ͬ, ̫ʷʵôģ
, ¶Щɥɫûش𣬷ʵôģ
̫ʷ˵֪뵽ʲô̽Եƽͷ˸ƽźۼػȥǳصͷ̫ʷŵͬţΪŵУ;вΣգʧ󴳽أ
ͻȻȻ̵ĵطһм꣬˺Ѳɣ̫ʷⷬ˵ʵ󣬵ȴȥ˺ܶҪϸڣûжȫг
û뵽꾹εҲ֪
ģ˵ԭͬԼˣҪҹע⣬ȥһһͻȻΧѩҺһͬ˷ѩʱѾˡ
֪ò˵ǡ
ƽ˼Ƭ̣¶һƵ΢Ц˵Щδʹѣγƺ
£ڰֵҰǱǡ
˲Ϻѣ󻤷׷ʵȷҹˣûκγڣ
ż˼Ƭ̣ԥʵҲȫûУֻиطһûȥǱʵ̫ΣˣΪȥ
󻤷æ
ָǰ̽򷴷·ߣָѩԭͷߵͷһխɽɽշм䣬ԲﶼŨصѪɫûҹȥȰҲȥ̫Σˡ
ǺѵǿǹĺӰԽɽķ򣬺ӰԽܼЩӰǲֵģڿɽĵطǰҲܿӰɢΧܹǲȥ
Ӱû˵齩һ˲
ûã󻤷شһͬ˵Ӷû塣
ĴܸдصΣУǶԺӰγĿ־塣
ƽ˰һۣʵ˶ʮ죬ЩӰûй𣿡
¶Ƶı飬ôûйܵÿ죬㣡һҹҾҵطùϢԼϢڸǣЩӰƺͨϢȷϵ˵ģҹùϢѩԼٻ˵ϢЩӰͲᷢˡ
ԭˡƽ»ȻѹָղϰԼѩǶûз֡
ЩЦ£¶ǼСǰɣҵĿұ죬Щ궼հ
žǴ֮Ϊͨɢޣһ𽥶дķܶⷽռ֮е⡣
ЩӰбΣ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˼Ƭ̣üֵ˵ͷԥʵҲȷܸоָɽյķиµĴڣǰգǸܲϢʱµϢᴫɽûеطѡ
֮У𽥹ճһµӰΪɽХЩ̲ס˸ս
һת𴽽ЦҲǸһùˣȴȥҵ֮һ¡
˿㣬ȫȻ֪
ƽڶ󣬶ŰǻıӰֻĬĬţ˵
ôϴ
ŵͬĬĬŰǵӰ
ƽĬƬ̣⡣
ͷ϶ͬС
ƽ̧ƳһۣڵΪôã
ֱ׳ֱ
ƽ
ӴܵҰްֱڸֳá
о⣬ΪʱʱֵǺѳȶġ
ߡ
ƽ۾ٶȿǡ
Ȼꡣ

һҹѩļš
ߵĺѥ̤Ԫռ֮ǰԵ̲ס˸硣
˳Ϊ޵꣬⡣
Ǹ˵ϲˣһڱƶԸ
ӣֺõЦȷʵ֣Ϊ˰
ֻⲻʵġ
һǧ֮Įʣһɨ·ܽ˶еɰȴ˶˽
ǸƢõˡ
ȻЩδͬ뷨
Դܵ԰ȷľܾ££صķ멣ڽԪռ⼸֮ңĵطеؿ
䵭صһۣûٶԣת߽ΣĪԪռ䡣
ؼֻ°޶ŰıӰıԹ
캮ضģҪʲôΣյѽ
ڰ̤Ԫռͬʱ죬
ڵĵطǰڰʱס죬ˣⱾסȻε
һǰסӶԲ̫ãεȴʮֺƵذڰ֣þɵأһĺܿһʡ¡
ָĦСԺʯϿµףζһǻ鵹ǧ겻䣬˾أżҲܱǡ
˵ʱǵȴø˵޶˴˼ֹɫ
䣬ſ׵ʯ³׻Ϊ촷ۣҲûƴջĿԡ
һ䣬ԺɰµۼԭСԺ˲Ϣȫƻ漴ָһ㣬ȫȻٻСԺ˲½ɣΪȫµģٿԭȵӡǡ
µסʶſܹ۵ס
ܿ춨λ˰ڣЦȥˣǸط󻤷Ǹֻǻزˡ
л˵


166 ɽ֮
, ǰ˵ں˶֮ʱġƽһ˸Űȥ˵סһ·ϣƽźۼ, Ǹ㶷ˣҲɽ𣿡
£ʱĴ£ѹصҲ, Ҽʱ, Ѿˡ
˴󺧣ˣΪΣ
ǳ̾һŽǰָۣŵĳɽǾסĵط, Ҫ΢ůЩǿš
˵꣬תشǵ, ˵, £ĵһ, ҹٵһ̣֮ǰĺӰͿʼĴѲ, ϢûӹۿһӰһûûټˡ
㵹һ, ȻǺӰˣ
Ҳŵˣǰɽ;пӰʱ, ֻӰɲ, м, ԶԸǺӰҪѶԸöࡣ
ƽü΢£ЩɵĿ΢΢ڰϣֺܿƿ
˵ģĲһ
ղһ·ӰΣĿ궼ǳȷֱָʹһ룬ûаսҲûбֳ˿Ĺԡ
ƽ˰һۣԷУ¶һĻЦ߽ɽ֮С
Լĸֱ֪ĸʲǴֻֿܣһɽƬѩԭ֮ϣЩӰϻвͬķӦ˵ѡ
ɽװκǼªȥֻܿһ֧վĻӣһڵϿȥ˯ҰƤë֮
ƽɨۣϴֹܾƺе֡
ɾ֣ʱû뵽
ƽЦһʵһѩһ£ʵףңֻһ춼ȥҲ֪ΪΣ˵ز
£գգ۲ŵšΪʵߣȲ㣬ȲλǰŽ𵤾
ָ󻤷
ԴֻһرãڹؼʱˣҲǺһϢűסһС
¶㵣𵤾ڣ㿴ȥʮ꣬ĸɾŲصô
ȷʵǿȥҲʮģͬڳܴﵽΪǴǰٶƽ¶
ǰ˰ٰ֣ͣβŵɣɢһʲôš
˵꣬˾̾СС˸ߵΪƽ״չȥԶ̬Գﲻ𣿡
üͷؿͻȻȻ򣬴յƽ𵤾ʿñְһεĽʳñٹȵٹȵ˵ͻȻӦò̫ٹȵɽûаĺۼ
ƽ΢΢üգգ۾ʾ˵ˡ
ԣǰ˵ѡ
ɽаϢһ΢Щ֮ƽȥɽͷгȥĻᡣ
ܵһĻԱͷһǰߣǶʱɫһ䣺ҪȥǸһֲܿģЩӰƺָӡ
ƽЦеǲԶһܵҪһȥģôˣܻܲɡ
仰ǵɫѿһ˲ָֻܿԭ״˺üҪȥԼȥҿɲǲ͡
󻤷ɫҰףҲûãҲȲȥˡ
Ҫǵԩͷǰ˼ˡ
ƽÿɷ񣬴ѭཻխɽȥ
ɽϻѩ˶ʿ²շУҲᣬ̤ѩ޺ۡ
;ѩԭϷ·ĶϽꪣཻɽǰգɲԶѾԼܹڸѲεĺӰ
ƽͽƸ˴ģĿ֮ѾܿӰˡ
Ϣǳǳͷ
ѩԭϰããһƬԵΪɾﶼޣûпݰݵ֦ɣû۶ϵıУѩضΪƽ˳·ɾƽ˲һ˿ԥƺ̤Ƭƽɾѩһ
ƽ̧֣ʾͣ½Ų
ǰɽмγɵխɽѾԼɼһӰӡ
簢˵Զľ룬ظܵխıƳһߵɽ֮д罣ɷɷڷУ˵ϡ
ѩʢ󣬴ϷʹЩľ
ƽǰ쳣ƽѩԭ̽Ե̤һ
ৡ
˲䣬ɽ֮䱬һҵˣ˲䴩ѩͬһѩɳ۶˲ұӡ
ˣƽ
˷ӦѸ٣˲ĺ̬ŵɿӴܣܸܵǹɳҵ˴ԼͷӶĿֲ
ڶԷƺ˺ǣֻһ־ʾ뿪Ｘвдƽͷȥ΢
ѭķͷһȻ⡢ԭ
ղǿ쳣ƽѩԭǰƽ˼֣ŸΪƽĳǿѹһ㡣
𷽲ŵľһƽ޶©һġ
һۣȥɡ


167 Ե
һ˻ȥʱ, ƽ¼˱鶼˵Ϻÿ
߽ɽһ˵õˢˢ, 󻤷ĿΪҡ
ǵ״̬ǱЩֻЦҾ˵Ǽһܿ°ɣڳ˼ǼһĶ֣ǻǵȥ
Ϊ˸ƹɵף˵Ļô, Ҳ
̫ʷͷɽ, ̫ˣǵ˷ɳ۹ʱҸоԼĲƺˡ
ƽ¶ɫԽʱδеǡ
㶵صͷǿ, ǻʦһɽ֮дȥϣɡ
˴˶Щ
ֻһȺƽΪԪӤС
̫ʷᣬûԪӤ
ҹɫ, ѩԭһ, ֮Ҫӵĺ䡣ԷΧ, ²ʹ÷˻棬Ҳܹɢ־ů, ںҹ֮ɢ͸ǵĺ
Χ£ʮȻرסۣƽұߣλʦʦ, ⼸ʦܺû죬Ҳյø, ˵ĽǶȿȥ, ޶𷲼о˼ҵļһȺС̳
ʹһҪ, 컥֮زʶΪĹ涨˴֮䶨ڻصľǴйʱ̵ģһĻپЩ졣
󻤷ط֣ղȺС֮ʧƺֻǶ̶̵شƬ̣ûؿװοһǱѸٽЩʧԺ󣬻תýȫȻ벻һ˲ĹǾʼ۽ʲôĵ顣
ǻԵ·󻤷૵˽ԡ
˳ƣ࿡ɾԪɮӣܡܶ⡣
󻤷üͷд޷⣬ɻǰ˵ӣصĻαװ˳ڲġ
뵽󻤷̲סƽͶȥһԴ
ᣬѾͳԼЯĹƽСʦãʲô
ΪһºʳޣĽûʲôûйư轴ʹף䱸Ѽн⣬ƾӼбرͬ顣
ֵǣƽɽͷ˹ĳĬȡůûһվɽڣӭŷѩ𽥰ɫ֪Щʲô
һů͵ƽһھûٳԣЦһٽҡ
˵꣬һ˵һԴϢ˼ھģûٴ
ǰǣڿʱ¶˹İֺı顣
ӳнӹһª룬ð̷ŨĴлƯڱͻֱؿ˰죬ڳڵϽѽ캮ضĿ졣
Ǵ㶵ءšһȻתȥʳСޣˣ̽ŹЩ̶Ũӵζ۾ûж
ʳ
룬ԭʳ
ȵģѪһ̣˲ĪζѪҺζͬۿǸŮ÷СѪɫĺ⡣
ε
ΪʲôµĶ˽Ȼͬ
Ǻ¹£ûʶԼ¶˽Ұްֱ׶ӶĿ⣬Щ̵һⶼûо׽ȥѧϰϰʱֳɬеķࡣ
˿̷ѩž
Ա㣬Щضɽ֮УϸŽô졣
϶ԴСƽµѵǰɽľû뿪ĵطˣ
̫ʷСʵڲУɽԭ·أ
лɫ΢ҡͷԪռͨǸԪռ䵽˴ȥʱһҵǸԪռ䣬뿪ʱԪռ֮еĿռ籩Ѿǳǿңռ籩̼ܹ˺飬Ϊ촷ۡ
ɽвͨۻȥҲвͨѵҪˣ̫ʷãȻѵѩԭȷһվ𣿡
ΪʲôǱ뵽ֵС
ƽһҵȱţһа취ġ
ŵĬƽϢӰü΢
Ծ
ϵɽ֮ͲԾ
رڸղŴɽ߻ƺһֱͬǳֽ겻ؾͳˣɽҹһԲƺĳ֮С
ֻϧƽⷬ
δϹʱϡĻˣٶȱúھ֮ʱ˼ҲǷӡ
ƽоԼһҹһܳΣԼ˼ѵƬԺвϵʱʶԭЩΪѾĹδһ̱

梡ݵĺīβü򵥵ɫ󴿴⣬ΨһŨĺڣʯ񣬿ʣһŨī
ϣ˭ˡƽЦӦ
ѣ·ذڶڲϺõĺĦ
δѾóδӲѳ龹ټܿһ˿ŭ⣬ߵƽߣڣȴֲ֪ΪΣߵĻ˻ȥƽЦӯӯۣͷƫһߣ˵˾䣬ûûʲô
ƽЦƳһۣȻؿ󣬱ⲽ꣬Ȼִҹȥˣų
ҹ̲סҲСˡ
ǰӵԶŴѪİɳٶһ͵òȥʮ꣬ʵѾ˼꣬ڳ˶þá
ƽ벻⣬ü΢㷽ڲʮꡣ
֮ǣСʲô
ҹᱻСƫͷԴ˱ԼĲ
ͷδЦЦüڲҺһħ޵мѵһᣬɵСȥȵСϷ
ֽЩ˵©죬ƽζתĻȥֵطľǴھƹݺ˵СƣһϷԭϷȤƫճĹ£ˣǵߡ
ԼĹ£ƽȻ֪ҹⷬ˵ıӺζˡ
ǰûԼˣԺźúõʯʯʣ಻ǵûеʯϣºѥ̤ʯϣЩ̽ͷڴ㶱߿ƽأҿջʲô
Ľʯ༤춯
ֽϴ붼һƬհףƽǳǳһۣպīһʣ˸бµĻȣڿհֽƾնһīɫ
ֻһʣ˫Ŀ΢УЦʲôˡ
ϣءЦ˵
仰ҹƣɴתҲڴ㶱߿ƽ̫ԵЩȱѪɫöƽ˼֣ζƽ
˵̬ѾǾڱԼ˿Ҫο˼
ƽ·޶ãˣá
ҹ׵ίѾ·ߵҰݶˡ
̲ס֧ڴϹЦ
ƽҹһһīҹ׼ίʹ㶵ĸ飬ء
˵䣬Ҳ֪ô̶̹Ѿ˴ĻϹճǴ˿̵ӡ
ãԺеһ֦ԾԾҪһϮĽ̽ͷվŵĺ꣬ī趯ڴҲ￴
Ц˵ء
ҹǸӵĿһʱԭҲһΪʲôô˽ֻһʱѾܲµӡ
ҹ޶Щʧ䡣
Ǻұ㡣ҹڴǰɾ࣬ЩˣǾ˵Щ
Ļʵ˵ڣǳϷHȺ˾һĵİ梡
ݵҸ˭Ĺ°ƽȣȥЩϷ뻹ǳϤſھҸǳ⡷Ǹںġ¡ֻǸֻСġ
˵һסˣתࣺСǳϷݵ̫ˣ˽ʲô
ȻһԼӻС;顷󲿷ϲн
ƽɷµصǳϷľ籾дҲ̫ˣݵĴԽԽÿд¡˵ЩˮƽѡҡںǹɻϲԩҵľдͦȤģС񡭡
ƽҡҡͷ֪ëû
һЦ
ҹסˣβŵ梣㶼
ƽֽʸɫڵʱ˼ǲûҲϷˡ
ҹһʱ˵Щġ
˵˿ܾΪԴº⣬ΪЩ׷ɫţһͬԼйء
ãҹ״ͷУ梣顭޷ܡ
˵꣬Ǻƽܾһ㣬תˣһˡ
Դƺ֮Уûеͨ͵˿÷ӳԣ˵ô
ƽͣʣʵѲ°ɡ
ȻڶգʢĸʽйصϷһҹ֮価ʧٲһ֡
ƽ֪ʱǺһ˳ʵ㣬ô
ǻһȣȴңұǣԼ£ʲô˵ʲôҶ
ƽƬ̣΢ѵֱӷβܣ
ǸӲˡ
һµģѵװһҲһᡣ
ҹ׽Ȼͬ·ʽ
̫ˣ⡣ֻ˵һ仰
߳ĻȻϮƽоԼڳ֮лߣѡ
ٳҹʱ
ĺɳΪ꣬һϮδ䣬ûβط£𣬱˼ֳء
梣ҪȥģҹѾƽ߳٣ȴɱŰ梵ĳƺ䡣
ƽ侲ؿֻƽĿһ仰
ҹףֹҶɽٷ仰⼸Ѿ˵˺ܶ顣
δԭ򡣡
ƽʵΪʲô


168 漣
ҹ׻ԳõĳĬ, صۿǺģʪؿƽֻǲϵظ֣Ҫȥ, Ҫȥ
˵󣬾ҹԼãֻҰο
梵Ըԭ򣬶ǲġ
ҹ׺ݺݱ, ǰȻ˺, ƺѲ֮˺ѷΡ
˻Ҳ˵
ƽЦ, ҹ֣ҹ˳ͷĲ˲, ۽޲ϲ, ʹظҲ˵
ƽС²ȥĸо, ҹƽ˵úܣǰܰ¶ģ, ǰһѪδȫˡ
ƽᣬǵƽôᣬ˵Ļȴҹ׵һȥ
ҹ, Ҫңȴ˵κԵ, ֻһζҪҲҪô, û顣ƽ̾˿, ʵ֪㶨в˵ԭ򣬿ͬҲзȥɵɣǶԼļ֣ûҪЭ
ҹͷȵģҪʳ
ҲҧأΪβȥԭһδᡣ
Ȼѣƽӳѣ۾˺ܾ֮ǰ˪ش̽ҹ˵Լǰȴδǰ¶˵Լ״ªɵСӣѵǻ󲻳ɣܲҲŰɣҹ׾ʲô
ƽ뵽Լʱôشأ
ʱƽЦŶ˪˵̹ԼңܲڹⷬΡ
֮ǣ֪ҾͲ㡣
˪ʱһۡ
ҹɫããɽûһ˯ˣȫԭϢʱΣϮ
ƽĬֱȥ
ͬʱȥʵʦãʲôȥ
ƽͬӦȥȥĵطҹвͬЧ
𵱼ȥ
ƽҡҡͷϢڰȫ⣬ðգܿͻء
ƽòֲͬƽֻ뿪ɽǾ䡰ˣϵǳ˵ĺӰҴܡûᡣ
뿪ǰƽ󻤷˴˽һԴ
ҹ䣬ѩ
ɽѩԭϵĺӰȷʵȰҪ಻٣ƽȴ֣ԼվЩӰܹܵķΧڣҲûб¶ĵ⡣
ĸоûдǰĺӰֻʹǡ
ǺһֱĿһˣƽЩƵš
ããؼ䣬ƽһŷѩеĺӰֱӭŰɽȥ
Ǿһǰ
ģ롣
Ƭؼ䣬ӵĽˡ
ƽ˵Լд˿šһʲôľظܵµĽȴδܵ˵Ϣ
ճ̸ʱͨһζԻ
ʱƾ£һϦ֮նʮǿУһ߼ɾͻͻ֮ǧﱼϮɱУǾһǶȫȫβػȥˣ˱˪һͨ˪ҽʦҽƽĻͷ
Σգˡƽ῿ڲϣ˪׼飬ֻһûһظ죬ˣʲôûˣ֮ˣûֻأգİããһƬɾóס
ҲȻü΢ɷµĽߣ㣬ܻ֮ữΪģڵ
Цܿ콫ЩصĻ׿תȥ;š
Ȼǧ꣬λƲɵشĵ׳ƽǰ޷رݺݴʹˡ
ѩʪЬ⣬ƽţŲڰյİȫͣһ˲ٶǰ̤һ
̼䣬˵ٶȱϮһѩ
ƽָһöǰεĶܷ
öŽϵɫһöƷƷҲƽܹó߽׵ķ⡱
ַǰΣ·ĳĻϮ⣬ǧ̬ɵؽгȫж£ƺƽǲⷽصĻ֮ˡ
ˣԵͨɹȫһķҲûɽͷϮˣƽƵú˺ü
ƽؽҧˣֵȼһö⡱ӭϡ
㣬㡣
ʶȫȻչȫããɽ֮Ѱκһ˿໹ŵĿԣеϢûڳĽ֮УⳡĶԿбķѩտ硣
嵽ֻԪӤڣס˾˵ġ
ƽɵѩԭϣѾҪľϷһЦ
ʲôأ
˪ĵӡӳڹǸӵĵطŻһǧܹ꣬ͬ漣ܹ
˷綯ѩٿ
ɢĺӰƺԸ
ƽ̧ۣΣ۽ǻһᣬδȵأѾɾӨı
ҹɫƽӽȡһƣȵģӲȾƵ˲֪̬ӵѩġ
þơ
γӣѩ͸Щ΢ů
ƽ󼸲ɼһƾͱ㵹ȥϤѩϣɵѩ˲䱻¾ƽ
ٵȵҡƽ˼ˣҴȥ
ããѩԭ֪ڶ˭
ڴʱȻ¶޹ɽ궯ôԶƽز׽
ͬʱɽѹȻһһ͸Ťɬ˲Ϣ֮Ƭѩԭƺĳ֮ӰȻ֡
ƽĿ˲ɽķһۣתɽ۷ȥ
ǰ뿪ʱ󻤷Ƕμ̵ĶԻͷ
ƽ״ƲʣˣҪ˶ĿЩѶȣҪʲôҹȥ
󻤷һգ֪ΪǺӰƫ׷ȺܣƳƽһۣܻصںߵͷ¶˿ôˡ
ƽĿؿһۣ΢ģߵˡͦƭġ
㡣
󻤷̾˿Ҫ֮µպٶӿͷĵ˿̽ɽ˦ȥã˵Ѱһ״òԲֻ֪֪ңǶһҿȥѰ
ƽü΢ĵˣ׻֪ò״Ѱǻﻹ
˭󻤷˵ǡ֮䡣
ƽ
ҪƲסԼеͬ顣
;УƽĿ
֮䣬ССɽѩԭϣĶ
λεΪҪڴ˿Ѱһ
ǶսǷйϵ
ɽǱߣ˶Ѿš
ɫ˲ƽ¾ͳ嵽ɽߣɫô¡
̫ʷĿɿڴĹһ׮һ׮
ͬʱͷȥΨһ˽İǣ˭ϰɫ䣬ôܣ컹գΪλǰ
˲ԣƽɫһĴָƳʲôǰ㾿ʲô˵ҵȶи׼
ɫɷףŵǡԡ
ɿػʰһͷߣһߵ֮ǰ˵ģҹӰĴѲΣֻҪײл·طÿյҹһԺӰԡ
д˿־壺˼еĻﶼΪǵֱлﶼɸɾΪֹ
ɫ䣬
ԭҹѾڳͬһ˿ǻԶУɽѩԭ߽翪ʼһŨѣɫܿ콫֡
ʱѾɿس˳ȥһ䣺ЩǿŹϢģʱɢȴһĿҪСңรɡ
󣬰ǵıӰѸʧڵҹ


169 Ӱ
˲Ϣ֮, ʵĵ૰ҹХ˷ֲ⾿Ժδ
ƽӰɿɽķ򱼳ۻȥ, ;Ųأһ١
İŵҹɫ֮£ǰʮӰ֪ӺδϢؽΧ
ЩӰĸоǹ, ǰɽʱ, ǳȷЩӰûа޹ⰵҹ֮£Լоһ˿޵ЩӰ
ʶٶչ, ӴʶеĺӰϸϸ֮£ƽ˼, ӺӰǵ, ˸ղȥе֮С
һЩ˵ͷʼ
ƽü΢, ϢŻ, źӰǿ
ǰԼĪʮ߸ӰǰʱֻЩӰ޼յһ, ױ㷢ߡ͸в죬пһ۵ĺӰ, ֻһ, ò
ƽϸһ, ͻȻʶЩӰ˲ͬ˵Ӱӡ
޶˵ʮӰŰΧҰ󣬹βɢƽͷ⡣
ٿȻӰǶˣǾ˼һ֯ؽͣǰλαռݣγһȻ޷롣
ƽһĻĵδ뵽ԼҲᱻס
ĿѲһͷ
ǡԷõԼƵʱ
ƽһ˲Ǹ˼ͷǡ
̼䣬վڹλӰһӲͬǶлӰҹ·Ϊһ壬εںӰڴ˿̻˺һзļ̣ٿȻƺҹ׼
ƽûгԼƣع⳾ѧϰ󷨵ıҵƷ֪͵ĳƷȥع⳾ع⳾ڵͷʱⱲûʲôѵˡ
ɫ°ڳҹɫӹɫӰƽһԾɵضӰͬʱĹڿбһ£ī͵պ˱ѩɵѩʹָŨĺڳ֮½ྻѩ㡣
ƫУۺĵط
Ϊµۣͬศɣһƣ޷ס
ǺӰΪ۵Ķۣϵص㻹ֹһһȣ۵һԭûͷ
ʵֻ֤ӰӣЩӰҲӵмµʵͱƵ˲䣬۲ָֻ߾٣ºӰָ֮Ѹٱ͡
ƽ۲ʹ͵ĵڶر仯ϡ
̽ǰɽƻ͵ѹ䣬ޱķд˷ƽն¡
ƽһ֪ͣΪΣûзǶ۵ĵֻУϸֻһ֮

һͷɽеͱҪöࡣ
ڰǷɿߺ󲻵ֻǼʱ䣬ɽͱӰ˸ʵʵ
ۼΣ֪Ӳһս

䣬ƽµĳ͸ͬʱʣȻ˻
̫ʷһĵĵ޺ͳиʳʵʵʮ֪֮뾡һа취Լ˵ĺˡ
óԼõһڴԼ̫ʷǰΣʱ̣˵ٶ˿ûб죬Ƶ̫ʷʦܡģһᱣġ
̫ʷ޲ýԼһŶڹ棬ӯлʦ㡣
Ӱ˲Ϣǵӿҹɫ֮н˸޷֣Ե
˵صĺӰǱ滹Ҫ궯ʶֻܾȫ
ʯ䣬ĿĳɫâɽյúӰΡ
޴ķխɽ޷ȫչЩޣƽ¼ƣʦܣ
Ļ˼Ѹسķ˻ж˼ְһ̣ƽ¿ֻһӰ˳ƶϣֱ̧Ǽű˪Σˮ˻žһǡСʱ佫ɽڵİΧ˺ѿһӡ
Ѫɫ⻪Ƕ֮ɽڲڱ˸ƣ̫ʷ״Ѹٸȥ˫ʱ˶֮ƣתۼͶɽڡ
תһ˲ӰǼӿɽڼҹɫȻƣΪղͻķ˻ж裬±ֻӰ˷ĺڰ֮Ǳ
ɽдʹǴ˷˻;
󻤷˲Լƣ˵ѹ˲ǿ˵ĺΪ֮һ͡
ɫٶһ䣬û뵽塱ޱͷʵʱ˿¡
ɽĺӰԽԽ࣬ǺﱻѪζ㣬ɱһѪ֡
ӳȥ
ƽ½һ񣬵˶Է˼
𣬺ӰƺȺ˵ĵŨ
ߣȻٵѹȴûյʵԵ˺
񽻴ͬʱ
޴ռխɽÿһ϶ͬʱҲΪ̵ĶƣԼͬλǰ
뽣Ӱ˺ɽ֮·ƽߣ
䣬˶ʮĬظƽ¿ٵɽڳȥ
ʶҪӴܣɽмĺӰѸ׷
ʱ䣬ȴĵ쳹ɽ
лźӰǣɽһȥֳѰ࣬Ӧɽѩҹʣ
󻤷ӴѹӰһʳŭģ⵽ʲô
ξĻ϶ȫס
ѾˣʵѷʹǣԴӿսʹۿɼٶ
˾ǣͷ۵ĵ˲䣬ӰǵĶȴͻȻ
ƺ˸ŤͷĶˢˢؿл
лЩһ亹
ȴδϣխɽش
Ӱڱϣƺơ
һ̣ڳͣ˶

һͷƽǱߣԷļ̼˲䣬ԷĶҲͣסˡ
Ǳƽְκ󣬺Ӱ˹ƣĬءһ֪ΪΣɢȥͽƽһվѩɢӰ
ƽţʹǷģɺˡ
Ϊɺ˵Զٶɺ˵ϢԺӰǲŻ֣Ҫʱ֣ᷢڲûɺˡ
ԼһѣȻõԼҪĽ
ƽվԭأ΢˼Ƭ̡
˪֮ǰĻԺ֮вݡ
ɽϣǺһɽأˣ
ƽããؼӰ뿪ķٿȻ̾ðЩƵɢˡ
ǰ˪⣬һʮˣء
룬ƺѾ֪ˡ
ɽ۲ֹ࣬ͬҲ֮ٺȫĽĶսʱΧɽϣ»ԻͲ٣ֻһڵӰȴҲûԼʹ񽵿ƴɱס
ƽһᲽǰ
˼ѻȻ
£ȱһƴͼ
ʲô࣬õЩӢǸԸش˵ǧ꣬ʲôð˴ķҲҪ뵽Ѱҡ
ƽ󻤷ֹһ飬üһһĿꡣ
ܿ죬ʧҹɫ֮䡣

ɽ۵ĻսӰ첻һλȻߡ
ɽʱͬҲĵ
üͷ̲סһѳϾһ˿΢ҵƺڱﲻɢ΢΢Ϲ⣬˸˼£޳ָߵڰ
ѡˡҡҡͷÿɷ
֪梽ÿ˵Ĺ˺֮ˣԴ˺ѧʼʱǵһӦߡ
Ӧ˵۰Ҫʲô£ǵһӦߡ
ҪǼ£ֹ
΢أס۵׷ӿϵһ˿ʹƫִû۶ĵҲûԺǾֱཻխɽȥ
ڱһƬƽصİȫפƬ̣Ų΢٣ԥᲽ롣
˲䣬һĽ𣬼Ҫͷ­
ӷ䣬ϮƽѩԭϣһΥ͵Ľӡ
ÿһϮÿһӵĸһɼǵ˺ۡ
ţԼѪ֮һߵխɽǰԺ˼ŭҹף֪Լʲô𣿱񡣡
ҹ룬ûʲôʱڸˡ
ɽƣֻһ˿ɽ롣
ҹײδ룬Ǿɽפ㣬ǰһ
ĽǶȣܿխɽУһȻıӰ
ǱӰ֮䣬ȴͬһΰɽĪǣӰűɢӰһۣ˫ۣµһҵ
ҹ׳ĬעΰӰӣãó
һɽǰһγӣԼһ
Ҿյͷһ⣬ǺҹȺüɫ԰ס
ࡣҹ׸ѩϣ̹ǵĸо
Υˡ
仰Ϊ֪ʱ޿̲ڶû˵ڣĬС
һǧˡ
ʣһ££ҾͿȥˡ


170 β
֮, խɽУΡĺӰתͷ
͸ްĳҹԼоǸûݵĺӰԼ, ͬǧǰһ㡣
Ƭ̺ǺӰʰ𵹲ڵϵĽӰܶɽ
ҹдѹ˵Դŭȥ£鷳
ҹ˺Ӱһ, Ųҵĺ, ڶԷ̤ɽӰ߳ǰƵصˣؼ
԰, һϮµҹ׷·ûҹɫ֮УԷֱ档
Ӱ֪Ƿĸ֣ȴûͣӰɽͶ¶֮ҪӴļ, ɶȴ쳣, ĽӰз˸, ֱӳҹ׵ķ
޶ը죬ɽ˶Ȼ̧ͷ, ȴɫиı仯
ٿͣͬѩΪ֮һͣгأҼƶ, ȴնصƲѹ⣬Ĺڵҹ
̼, ѩҶ, , ǡ¹ôƮƮҹ׵ĺ䡣
ҹָһתԼ䣬ǵ⵲ס༤ʯִһĿⴥȴѾоһ˿Ѫ
ѱڴߣѸٴƫ͸޾ı̲סޱ߼ʵ֮У޷롣
ɵǿƵѹסлͷ߰ĵ˲ɽеĺӰֹס˶
л㶵ֹͣ˰ȺԭŰΧĺӰ·յĳָһ㣬һ򼯽ȥ㶵˭ӺҸղŴһ
˸Ӵͣϸޱȴ˵ĵ𷽲лֳɱƵ̲סһ𣿡
лϵȻһжܾãдġ
ˣ
ƽ¼ѵذο˵ǣǱˡ
ʱ˿̣һܵжЩ΢ĸܡ
ƺôҵΣ棬ô۵飬ֻҪлʦܵĵһ죬޲ذصʵ
ĳ̶ֳȶԣСֶٲл
Ӱڻ뿪˲ҾţƽµƺбˣȥСʦûϡ
˵꣬ԺбͬʱƽĴ
ȱңطЩ⣬Ҫ˴һҲҪӰҸȫĵطǱҪҪӰǶ֣ʵڲò֡˺ǡ
仰˵ʱͣһƺԥҪҪ
˭ϳƵʦãˣǺЩӰ˳ͻӦȥǱ˺ǲŶԡ
ȫЩӰĶְ
ƽ
⵹Ҳǡ
԰գ˴磬һͷԡ
ƽ̾ôϲһܣȥҸط㡣
ͷ͵ǣСʦѾĶˣʦźһȺͬţǰµϰ߿ɲá
л󿴿ҿЩһɵСʵղǷص㣬ѵ𣿡
лʦǲҪһ𣬿ˣ
ˣ
꣬šüɫǸһɽȺˡ
һȺ˴һ𣬾ǾȻˣȫû
ʦô֪µģ
ֻеԽԽࡣ

ɽͷԭƽѩԭѾȫӡ
ΡĺӰҲṳ̂ɽһɽ֮УһһѹƵˣҲԴ羪˵ѹȸС
зѩٿȻһҹǰϸı룬Ӳڿд˸ϸܵıҹ׵˫̶ֱ
붼ЮĽ˲Ϣϯ
ҹĿݺһȷõĽơ۲¡
ڽδӯ֮ʱȻسѸ͵ĽӲΣϸ룬ÿһϸ붼ѹһƲۣȴೣýʽɱһ֡
תӹҹ׵޽ǣϸŸһƷ˿
ɾڴʱȻתԭȵתΪ죬ƺʲô꼸ӵص
תۼ䣬رѩ˷֮нһһͣڿҰҹͬɫȣͷսѡ
ѩҹǰۣ齨һʵķֵסԺӰĹơ
ӰĽͣƬ̣һεĹҹȻ˳ԶֱԷĽûٸΪֹ
ǧ겻ԾѾֻ仰𣿡Ժеº͸΢ЦĮ
ҹ۷֣ȴû𣬷·һ˲˽ĹٶȳΪһĿܣԼһ.ȫѹȥʵȥɴе
Ժеȴģζ
˵Ŀռ֮е඼ˣߵΪβȥء̾ϢţȴƺЦ⣬ڲԺǵˡ
ҹײĿããѩ̤ѩ޺Ƶűɽķȥ
ãҹ׵Ŀڻָһ˿ܳ
ŭЦЦشǲҼɡ
ǰ
û뵽ҹ׾ֱԲĸҲҼ
ԺеЦ£ٶȵҵǺܺ棬ǸŮ˵ӣ֪㻹ţأǻɱ𣿻ǻҪ㡭ȡ
ҹûлش
ЩݱƵ״̬Ѿʱ̫ܻбõĻƭԼʱ̡
ЩʱɣǾ仰ǲģ˵ǧһֻһʣټһ飬ⳡʵ֮߹ǧꡣ
ǧ̫ˣõ󲿷ʱ䶼Լ˭ԷΪʵΪ١
ټһԸ³ִ˵Ψһ롣
Ű梵Ϣȷ˵ع⳾˵ĽΪ棬Ҳɲȥ
ǺΣԣ¼֮Լûоȥһˡ
ǣҹֻ䵭㲻˽˽ҡ
㲻˽ɱңҲᡰȡҡ
ҵİ梣ǿҲģһж֮󣬺һͬǷµծĺ;Ŀ֮Ϊѡ
Ҳ˽ңϣԸģΪѡ
ԺǸȴֻǰЦ
һ˿ûнҹ׵ɺԼͬȵԴҹƺѾϰߡ
һǧˣʼõĿܡЦ˵һе뷨˼άһܹȻô˽ء
ģֻҹ׳õĳĬ
ԷʱתȥɣڿѾоĴˡ
һ٣̶ζܵʻ
ҹ׿ѩϻߣʵȴسɴķʽڷɿ챼ۣԺǵµβҹֱ̧ײǰһ˫Щŵ
갢Ǽɫ䣬Ų·ǰȥ
ҹ̧ü۰÷·䲻κεĹߣĮ˰ϣðȫѪҺ̡
ת˲䣬У΢촽ض˵Ļҹ״˿̵ĻＸȫص
ҵˡ
ҹ׵ţҵġࡣ


171 ʳ
, ɫ䣬͸һɾĲҰס
ճһշѩ֮µ, ˺ѣĳΧѹխѵõռ䡣
ҹ۵׸Щ΢Ѫɫڰããؼ͸һɹ΢죬𽥴صĻ, ԭԼ䵭ѳ, ޶˼ᡣ
˸ңԶľҹ巢һ㡣
ǼƲסԼĲһңòŲԼȻڴˡ
ҹٶ¶̫΢Ц, ζҲ£˵ǣ㻹, 𣿡
, ܵغ˼, û͸оԼײεǽϣѺ󳷡̧ͷ, Ŀ֮صѾ΢Χ˿Ϸؽ˼䣬ûаӴܵĻᡣ
ͷӿ޾ľ, û뵽һ˿졣
ҹײǰת, ڼ̱ڵصİ, , ζΣ
֪ӹĵ͵ðһԣشӴݼƳΪѾǧ֮ãΪҪ
оԼȫڲסս̶أǰڵ棬оԼ֮ҧڼȵѹȸ֮£һѪ
ѪǳɫģͬѰѪҺ޼
˿ҹ׵壬ٶȳҹԭȻͳߣԵЩ
㿴㲻ˣءҹ״ļⱻǣ¶һЦݣһĸоô
עӺͰǵ˫Ŀһܺã԰ɡ
ҹסȥָǵֱǵţʱĿ¶׹⣬ݺݵذȥ
Ƿ͵ʹ
ҹסӸµظŰǣ䵭ǧˣǷǸСʹ㶼ҵֻ࣬Ҫ룬ܽջġ
ðǱ߲ѣǸڳױϣǷƵȥ漴ԼͬһԴӴٶѹڵأȫ˺Ѱʹࡣ
ٶ³һѪѩ׵ĵĿѪҺȾЦ׵ЦǺˡ
ת£ޱ߼ʵ죬˻Ƶǧʱ䣬ұȺζ벻ǸͣˣľȫŽҴǧ꣬㿿ղ࣬Ϊô㺦ˣ̫ĸͷһȺϵǰһһΡ
֮£ǵԼңɡҹסһ±ˣĿ£¶˲ͷ顣
Ǽ״¶ʹı飺˵ˣϣҳȥ
ǹɺͬһԴѾ˰.ĹйƤ̯ƽڵϣֻ黹ضգŲ˸ġҹסϣճյЦ
ڳԵЩӰӵļ㣬㱾úһģΪʲôĿܡ
ţܵԼʼţƺҲûѰ𰸣ԹԵҲУԶ޷𡣡

Ǿ䣬ɢȥ֪˵Լ˵ҹס
ҹߵͷ˿̱ǰΪʱ̡
ҹףջԺд˵ָҹ״䵭һƳδһʣԸ¡
׵ָ޳ָ޼úɾʱĵ÷ɫ񣬴͸ʱҲ㹻ɴ䡣
д΢ġ͡ǰǵĿڱ
˫ͣǶȣգʧȥ
౻ʱƺӦҹڴе˵ʶ˵ಢδųҹףĲסȴ¶š
ҹ䵭Ŀע࣬
úܺáԺеЦŶ˵ص
죬ۣЦ뿪ʱ乻ˣʱˡ
ҹȴûлӦֻǳĬʻࡣ
ǰã̫öӵʶ࣬һаǵڰš
ҹ֪ɵȴһȴ˶ãҲɾµĴ֮лϤ˲ֵ顣
룬డľ֮У˵࣬ÿΪ»곤õפڴˣֹŴѪעȾĵӴܣҲɽһغػʵ۷塣
ҹ׳Ĭţ갢梶ɽ֮ʱɽ֮ľһƴµ࣬ع⳾龫ǵǧıûжʱȥ̹ԼƻȴչͬƤһ˺
ǧˣ񣬻ʣһƤˡ
ҹ׵Ŀ̱ڵͬһűƽƤİǣû羰ԣǧϻвغãͷųʶ೹
ɫ΢䣬ʶţδӦͻ
оǧҹ״δй©Ŀƣڸղţױˡ
˵ʶֻҪͷű˱ֻȫġ
ڣΣҲ޷ڸ֪ҹ׵Ĵˡ
ͺһ˫֣ݺͬҹ֮ϵ
ɫ׳

ƽܵǵϤϢʱһ˲Щš
ԭѭŰǵһ·׷ٶȥȴҹɫ֮ʱܵһλѵϢ
ƽŲأضסȻףɫѵһʧ̬
üͷҹס

ȷϵһ̣ĵ쳹ɽ
ʵƻ޹ҹȥĳŷ֣ͬҲҹװеϲãвյֶͬķ֪ͬе˼˴ŵ£δ
񡭡
ƽѸٷǰ԰ǵ׷٣תеķȥ
ҹ׵Ϣ͵
ΪԪӤԶǰ㣬ֻҪһɳκν䣬ѩأǰҽսϸɵѹԽԽ󣬽ƽء
ܶĹУǱܰţԭҹ׻š
Ļš
˼άͻʱûǧֵңֶ֮һˡ
еظҹ׻š
ع⳾һֲǧ꣬üµط׼ԼӴ.κټ
˪Ķж꣬һŲдͷ­ڹܾӲŵԱ
ŵʱĽһʮŸսɽ񽵿ɽսûҪŻĻӰڴ˵ء
ɽʧеϸƽǰϵݣɽǰϦҹ׵״ͱܶҲû̹ԵǸɣһ֣ȫӿͷ
ƽϵеǰʱͷٿȻһգҹ׵ϢȻȥ
ƵİڵϣŴţµһжĺۼڡ۾
ôϣǵԵʱ޿̲
ǵģҹ׻ţǧǰڶɽʱֽŵˣֻп

ϿƺҹҲû̫ɵĸоֻǳǳ˿ʶ֮ϣһ֮١
͹ڽƵʱ֣Ϊ˰ԭͣǿԭɵ࣬һȥ
ѪһֿµϹŴÿÿΪԭʱξڶˣΡͬһСɽ֮ѩԭֵκһ޶Ҫµö࣬˼֮ҹҹجβ
ҹһеӴӰһԾʧⷽǧǰĿռ֮С
뿪ͬʱɽӰۼӭųЩ΢⣬ӰӰͬʱ޶˵Ŀ֮С


172 սż
౻ߺ, ǾͬĿƤңƽѩϣһƫƽƤ
鶯ת, ЦľĴҲٲЦݣֵǣʶȻڡ
ãȻţⱻ壬ǧĵȺʶ, ջһЩʱġ
ȻɵʱЩ, ̵ûüӳݵһߵսᡣ
ǡĲİ
Եʶڣʱ, ѾȺܶķһҪܶࡣЩǼϺܶĶ֪ʲôյյȣ˷, ޡЦڿñʱرһ
ЩδӵйĶ
ʶ, ľֻɽϵѩ, ãһƬĶǹꪣԶ߲ս
ȺԼ., ΪһʧȥʶӰĴƣȴҲûҪסʹƭȺߣһεԣԵĲ, ֻѡ
Ƭսϵˣ߳ȥ
ǲİ, , ѾǸ˵, Լȡ֣ͬûгͬǸ˵˴ڡ
ʱ¶ģΣҪ߳
Ҫ߳ⳡ޾ѩ
뿴ʲôģῪʲôĻ
Ⱥ˲뿪ġ
ԣҲֻܡǡ
ǸоԼʶڽɢԺͻȻӿĻ䣬ΪңԺܶ಻ͬˣͬޡЦĬ
ѾʧȥƤ޷һ¶ḻı飬ǸоԼʶ¶һЦҪ̧ץסЩʲô
ԭܹץסġȻЩɵӰӣΪʱůļ䡣
ɣǲдʶɵţ͵ɡ
ܹ飬Ҳ߲ȥˡ
ðЩˡ
ţѾϡüܲʶɢӨӨ΢⡣
΢΢ĩתΪǿʢֻ˼ݵʱ䣬˸Ӧ
ת˲֮䣬ɽеĺӰ뽩ס·ܵĳĸ٣ͬʱŰǵķȥ
̼䣬ضɽҡ
ɽѩȻѿɽȻб£⼴ףƵ⸦һ֣ɲѩ
ɽɫ䣬ƽʧѩ
ᣬҪɢң
ܵӦǣƽһ˲Ҫȥƽͷɺܿͱһ˸߹һ˵ѩЩײƽڣڳ˵Ĵʦ㣬߲ˣҲߡ
ƽͷʦܣԷ˻Ϊǿ·һߵء
̫ʷקлӣʦ㣬ΪβշС
ƽУ㻹ǵƽ˵𣬴˵Ǳ̻ǧǰĿռ䣬ݽߣֻЩһЩһЩ֮ļ󣬴ʱգ;Ͼûлתء
ƺʶڵǺʲô侲ûˣԼҲб£Ǳƽµġ
ƽºݺݱ˱̧ۣһնӭѩ٣ˡ
࣬δʹ֮ƾ׼̤ÿһ¡йµѩ֮ϣնһСӿΪ˿·
ܵӣս̫ʷͳҲδӣ콫λ֮лק̫ʷĵâǵºɶľʯѩΡ
һ˾ֱɽߵԾȥ;ͬӴܶˡ
ƽһ㶣˶ƽĶӦ²˺ʱװ֪µģռ˸ߵء
ڸߵźƽ²˿ĿͼڲϹѩ֮ҵƽӰӡ
ѡ
еﶼڴģѩ֮ʱ˸Ҵ󺰣ƫͽֻƽϵǲãһƬҿãȥѰһ˵Ӱ
ɫ˫ɨһȦҲδƽӰȥ
Ϊԭαڷھ֮ϣķκ
ƽӦ£һ̾ͱǰıʾˡ
䡪
һѩ֮£»µıҲظȻѿɽƽɽǰȥһ飬ǵĽǶȿȥɽƽƾհȥɽ֮ϵһ͹ȡ
ƽµ˲併˹ȵס
ղǰɲѩ֪ʦӳûµֱȥʦֱҶ롣
󣬷ѩ̳𣬳˵ߡ
̳ɢȥ˲İݴò
ɽһۣ˵ĺͬʱס
˿һĻҲû˵ó
صĺ֮ӣƽƬеһУʲô
ǲ֪ǰһʲôֻʵ̫֮ѿڶľԡ
ҲսŵǡսĲԫ
˵ԼҲЩȻ
ǰɽǰսĵطѾǰ֪ЩΪ֪ʷ֮УལŴʣս񽵿Χɽս
ɽǹսڳ˵ʱҲ˲սµĺۼʱǾѾ֪ˡ
׼ûǰͻȻһĻʱþ
ڵµıѿ¶һһɱˡ
ս̬ⶳڵصףѺ¶Ǳİ˪ǵݣЩͣڵŭĿԲɱʱı飬뽣߾ٹͷЩѾ˪µʴ֮۶ϻʴЩȴûһ±С
Щ˱ƴɱⶳǰһ̣ڵصףαʣ˴ҲٲᷢǵĴڣǱһʮܺ͵ļ򵥴ǰ㣬ʷ֮С
ǧǻסģҲֻǧǰһ潣ڴ˵սĴţ
Եסˡ
Ѿ޷ƽ󻤷飬һĻޱߵĿ־塣
΢΢ƣ۸һǰʹпʼӳ
ЩսʿѾϢֻƾһ壬Ҳ㹻Ƶġ
ɾڴ˿̣еؿʼ̣󻤷һĬĬսʶ̽ȥڴ˵Σʱ̣λ¶ү
̶һϢ֮䣬ԣ󻤷ڴɤ˻ȥ
ͬʱüһʦûţ
˵ĿѰҪõö࣬ƽһϮ£ڰããѩΪۣ߹˿ѩӿһ֮·ƽӰ
֪ʱȥ¶ĹսУڳĬⶳսʿ࣬һǰĬţѩĺӰ
ƽƬս֮Уһδ
ֻ̧ͷؽģ۵ס
ʶϤݡ
ѧѧӣйüɽڶֽ˱ⶳŭδƽֻ֪֣֪໹죬ʱԽС
һʮ߸
ʮ˸ӰǰͣʱⳤЩ
ֻжۣĬԭأдұϹ飬ǰһʱĶ
ͺǸߴƽŮ֮ϼͣȴҲҪͷܿ΢΢ŵݣʲô顣
ֻһĳƽͣûһսһ̣ƽһƪģеսѣҲԼ
ƽ̧ȥ飬ĵ¶Ƚϸǵİ˪ůƽƵĺڼڣ
衭
ݺ߬סλʵķе飬ãʹ
ãŻ̧֣ȥеİ˪¶ԭ忡գƽ͵עһˣҲº͵ע
ڸϵߣҶϵģ˸ǰֻǵǵؿ
ƽ˫۳췺ſɲѪ˿ѲһܣǰԶںɢһرٻ뿿һʯǰأ߬ıǬ
˿̣ؼƺĳεӰƮƽɢȥ
Ķûвȴƽ
۽޲£տս룬ᲽȥߵһѾѩٻÿԭòƤǰĮȻ
ǵʶδɢһۣþȫƽ֡
ҡġ
ԼҲһܳŵ߳һ۴ģɻЩ롣
Ҳ˽
Ƕ϶ҡҰ꣬ǡ
ܡҳȥ𡣡


173 ָ
߲ȥˡ
ƽʹ, ĮȻؿŰǣƽĮʶ໹ܴһʱͻɢ
£һʱ, 벻
ЩʧҪɢˣҪ޴Ӳ׽Ǿ͵Ϊֹ𡣡
Ҳ֪Լ, ƽ, ƽȴˡ
һ裬۽޲, ͻȻԸҿɡ
ԣ͵, һ֮ϣͷ
Ϊ, ƽ, ֻаܹ
Ƿ׷ù󻤷оɲ, ֪ΪҪһѾ˵Ƥ˵ĶԻӽ뵽еĹ춼˳󻤷࿪ʼʱ˿ڿʼ, λк֡
̧ʾԵʹǾƤ, Ҫȥ
ʹӦ, ԺΧ֮ƽΧȥ
ܵӼ״, סǣƽºü
󻤷£֪ʲô֪Ǹʲô𣿾ұ
˵꣬мЦ
ƽ²ΪҲ֪Σʦãڲκ˿ұ㱣κ˿
ⷬ߼ֱ׵Ҳĵ㣬󻤷£ҲûаȺС
ҪĿѾҵˡ
ȻѾˡ
󻤷Գû˵һӣ׵رסܵӣȥǶջ
еǶǰǲдƤҡ
䣬󻤷оһɼĿסͶĮһۡ
ֱڿһˣ󻤷ľ죬û뵽СҲ˶Դһʱߡ
ƽȴֻǵɨһۣȡһűֽƬֽƬ⣬Ȼգգ۾
ŵݵֽƬϴãҪķһֱߣѾܾûù
ֽƬϵһƷֻ걻ѣƽϷ˸ɫɣ˵Ҫҡ
ƽǰҪ㡣
ݱЦ¿ʵüƴɽѩʡ
ֽƬ˶˶ۿɼٶȹջΪͣվƽ࣬ƽ˵˾ʲôȻǰ˼ָӿЩ⣬̵֦ҶĿʼӣ䵽ѩΧŰǿʼơ
ǼʶƬؼεţͼһС
ҶƬǵʶֱḧĴѩζϢɢȡ֮ҶͲľ㡣
֦Ҷ·һ㣬̽ڰǵƱ߿ʼʱ䣬Ѿ۵Ҷ˸ߵ
׳ɴϣΧŰǴӵ𣬽ƤȦ֮Уư֦Ҷڰ̧۾ܿõĵط̡
ܿ죬Ҷɫʼı䣬ԭ̵ҶӱΪҫ۵İ׽ɫҶ֮з۰ɫĻţĺһΣ˰ǵģȻСģ
Ƭ죬˰Ǵֿɼĵط
綯ƶӰ
ΪԼѾյĿݽߵƤѾ޷ҲδйУɴ˿һҪĳ嶯
һʱ̫̣þסһ̡
ʶ׷ɡ
ʶɢǰһ̣ƽָĿڡ
˲Ϣ֮䣬Ļӵ
һʮѪսҹ˴˵е񽵿ܣǰǶ̫СȼеҲ޷սʤǸµˡ
ƾ
࿿ھʯ£űžñ̬Ľϸϸűһһøɾ˴룬¶׳壬ΪѾⳡսеͬ
ǰɵѹ·Ūһ㣬Ŀʱ̣ҲҪȺսʿľ
ǹһɵĻȣλĽߣ˫Цۣʱ²ЦȴҲܸЦӯ۵Ĵ
˿̿ǰ㡣
ɲϮ̾һ͵ȵˣҲǲУһΣ㵱治Ըͬǰ磿ʲ飬δܴչͼǧ֮䡣
ûشֻΪնŽ󾹷ֽնŽһŵɳ۶ĽƳɾ񲻿ɵӰȴ־Ľ⣬ɶΪ֮սһ˲
ǾŵⲢɶԽʣֱȥֱĿ֮ҲĽΪֹ
ζǸߣս֮ʱ㾹Ȼˡ
໺ھʯһƬʪѪעɣĽߣ޳нⳤ档
ɻشЦһңĽ᲻÷һᡣ
棬ؼһա
ʹֱɣĿһ˲Զ˵ɴˣԸͬҴġ
ɴ˿Ȼ˼Ϸģ£
һЦձߵľѣβ˷󣬸ˬȴȻҹ
Ͷģܴܲһ


174 Ľ
ɴδһĽжǿ
Щʧ, Ͼͼ磬ܺ˲ࡣ
һǰĽһ
ֻϧ, ˣǰĽ߾֮ڽ޶ԣĪĳ衣
΢ʧţֻϧ, 󶼲Ϊá
, 㿴Ǹվ˽ŲһƬѪɫʪǸղűɵġ
˿, Щܿоʵסļ
ºķ˿, ûͷ, Ҳ֪衣
û취ˡ˵
Ӧǰ, Ѿ˵𡣡
ҹʱ䣬һٶ˴δϹ, ҵսһһµܿ񽵿ܵķѾף񽵿Ѿ룬ɵĲƽǺ޴Ϣ֮
ֻҹ, ɲ֪뿪ǵõ˶֮
ʱΨһİ취
ҹ, ɽϵ¸
ȼµп, ֮񽵿Ϥڴ˵, Զսڵ衣
ݹϵԶ೤ĪһʣƺҪڻƻ֮С
϶ƵĸУо֪ΪǵĶ
ƺѾˣ±ʱˡ
ǰδ֮ǰûܵȥҹǸޣȴҲɣżϲҶӴС
ϧˣѩصɽϣҲһƬҶӡ
ţλһԿºնķڴ˿̣Ŀɳξ˵и취
̧ͷԷһűֽɽǰͬ͹һ棬ҵġ
ͷһ
ع⳾ʧ٣ǸǶԸӺûع⳾
ֽϻһͼ಻ͨ󷨣ϡǵع⳾õ󣬲ĸͼϻͬ
ûʱع⳾䣬ͷֻңűá
õӡ˪뿪ˣµ֮ܶһǺõġ
费飬ɫδ䣬ֻǵ˵·ʱ󷨡
£˵˵ҪȥһҪ¡
Ȼ̧ͬʱ뵽˽ɵͻȻ뿪
һҹĴϢֻ֮½ҹδ֮ʱѾϤɽֹ֮ͣ˺
ָ˲ݺݱۣٶʱֻһƬ

ɸܵȺСѾı䡣
չ谵ȺԵ͵ͬĲ·׷վĬšӰӰ
ǵվλǷɢκεͣչǰͶһƬӰСһȺˣΨܹɷģֻһˣȺ΢ϵˣһ˲һֽȸС
Ҳֻһ˲
ΪԼղһ˲ĽȸжеЩŭĳζЩ棬Ҫô
֮ʵʵ̫Ϊ֮ˣ˻ܵصƺĶ⣬ԸǰȺˣҲ㹻
ЦףǱԡ
˲䣬һʮӿֳͬһصĹâҵվλڴ˿γһ΢ĺг̼䣬ƴǽ֣󷨹âʢ˵γһԲڵ塣
һĻȴɡ
ʼǼʹķҲ¶һ˲ʹ֮ɫӲ.ȫͬʱעȥͬʱ壬ֳһֲȻĻҰɫͣԭء
һٶ˵ĻڿУȻĿӸµעɡ
һٶ˵ĺľѪΪһ壬Ϥעڣµ˺ѿоԼǿ飬ʹ֮෢˻Ƶŭ
ΪʼڽȻĶ㣬ӯ࣬ǺЩ˺ѳռѷ졣
һֻĵĸܡ
һ˲ЦԷǣû뵽Ⱥ˾ʯٵķԸ
ɿʼӿЩϳɹˣǳɹԼо˽šԼ˷ܡ
гԼ֮Ƕڴ˿̵෢ľʾ
ΪѾѾ˴˽ܹɵļޣ֮ټ¡
ţ΢΢Ȼ۵ֻһǰս⡣
ڽ߶ԣʧܡ
ļ⻪תļѩɽΨд˿ֳ̣ļͬ澰
˵귢˻ͬŭݳǻҰɫ.ϣԶһʱ̡
һٶ˵źǧ˵ǡ
ӿĽ߶ն
౾˻һһݵĽĪ֮ƣޱΪעһն
룬˵һ仰˵ļ磬Ǿ仰ֻܺ塣
ǧˣӡ
ɴ˿ֻ̣аˣȴǧǧԸͬ
Ҳ㲻ˡ
¾ĽκĶҪѸֻüϣ㱻˺ѿռĽ͸ХХɵĶĤʹֻһ˲ȴƺʱ䡣
ԭԶתۼĿֻһ֮
ȻͷұۺȻԼš
ⲻһеĽʱҲ¶Цأغ߬ס࣬͵˳
ղо仰ˡ
ഭŴĿȣʧܣֻҪսڡ
ҡǴ˼Ľ


175 ǧһ
, ҲưǽɢδɢĻǡ
Ϊҫ۵һ̣ûƽ̻ȼįʱ̡
ƽݺ߬Űѣ·ɿعڰǱƽƤ, ԭľƽ̹ڵϣ˹ŤС
ڣƽҲҪٿȥ
ͬʱ꣬ȫϤעһϣݵһ, ع⳾ΪԵһ֡
󷨵Ĵ, .겻ùλ
ǵƬѩԭ֮εǧ, ˣǾҲûԼҪ顣
ĻƽԺмЩ걻ɵĻǡ
ӵ϶ĸ, ں, ŭɱȥ, ؼ·ɱΨоƽᡣ
ԭ, ˡ
ͻȻʶ໹ûѧôһˣѾ̳ͬ˼ӢĳޣߴŻΪС
ִҪ뿪ΪֻҪɵפ, ܹȥ, һɵء
¶ӡ, ڱɵꡣ
ɵĵһ, 룬Լȡǣ̥ǣ״Ǹ룬һˡ
ֻϧԶ˳
ҰʵԸƽ˻˵׸ҡ
ɽˡ
һʶƽָ⳹ûʶ֮УӶҵļƽʶгײţжǰЩزغļ䣬֪һʲôûץסġ
δη壬С
ƽ˲䣬о
ʶɢ˲䣬𶯡
һӰ£ڱеչ⣬εضһΡɽѹ
˾ػƵľе䴫ٵ򿿽ûпȫòҲܹܵԶԷ˵ŭ⡣
󻤷ɫ䣬ĵãƽ㻹ʲôǶϽ뿪
̫ʷСǴɽǱģòǡ
ͷһƬɫ
ɽǱλµĴڣԶԶҲסµǿѹĳˣǻˣ
ƽţָһɣǵѺƤһ촷ţҲҲκټ
󻤷ŭҲ˲񣬾ֱӵ˵ƽݣߣǲԼݣ
ƽĮȻһۡ
ȫû󻤷Ԥϵ¶ŵ顣
ƽ±ȫͬŵݣûжһ£ܵɵˣƽ󻤷֮ѲƬ̣͵ʲô˼Ϊʲôʦߡ
⻭ϤİһЩǰĻӿͷ
ܵ˶İܵİ̽һ˼ĿֻţӵõڲϢȷߵλãҲɴȷߵݣ֮еĻԶ
ٶ˵ʱĿƽлԶʱԷƺҲһҧߡ
ʱޱȼֻǻԶ֮ºƽõˮϾʱǻܹȷƽҪҪɱĵǡ
˭û°ԼƵ˼⡣
ǰƽʱһڲݵ죬ȴһͬλǰǾʶģѽ˲ǡ
ͬٶȷԵѰζ
ڳΨһ֪ƽݵĸͷ΢΢һԿƽ˿״̬ԣƫʱ򱻴ݣƤӹӦҲӦˡ
̶̼֮䣬йͷ˼ΰƽԲһ֡
û뵽ƽЦ£ĳĿ󻤷𼱡
Щɣƽ˿ɭɫͷһ
ôˣȴأΪ겻ɣ㱾Ҳûл·԰ɡƽ
ƽ۵׵ķ󻤷һŭͷӿһɺ
˵еĿǱ߻ҪҪö࣬겻ɣ㲻ûȥˡ
ٱҲǸСǶΪȴһʵ΢СҲ˸˦ɫ
ٶ𷽲Ļ󻤷˿Ŷ裬תŭǱ죬ôѪĵѵҲΪȺëνжѡ˳ˣ
ⷬ˵ڳƽܵǣûĻŭ
ƽ»Ȼ𣬵΢ɽУͬҲȺˡ
Ϊʦ㣬ʱʦý͵Ļᣬ˿ȻҲˡ
ǣڸûôƽԲѵʱƽƬ̣ƽ͵ضƽʦãȸò̸ӳ˵
һͷΪͬԴƽҲǰ׽̬ȣδıʲô
ǲʱˣ󻤷ֱŭһܾûһˣ
ЦǵϧȴҪλڴˣ۶ߣȥܵİ̽һѵ
ХţԶƵĬϯһڵӣ˿ƽƫƫһԲԭĽһˮ
ƽĿ⴩͸󻤷ƵһΡĺӰȲÿһ̤ɽХ֮ƣεѹ˵ͷ
ƽ૵𼱣ܹ顭߲ˡ
겻óɣк
󻤷ͷĽʢߴǷˣɺ˱࣬ڱɽӰɵˣ˹ɭɭĵط˺ȴδ֪ĵˣȫûҪߣȫ̳˵Ĺ죬󻤷һǻŭ֪δй
ܿ죬󻤷ƽ۵׾Щ΢Ĺǰǰ
ɿ߬ŵһ㰢ǻķɻңǸµĺӰȥ
֮ʱܵƺһƵĻɢڷС

˵
ƽ˼˲һ˲䣬ϣʦãҲͬ󻤷ˣȫ˷˸ɽֻ̽ͷš
ǿƽǿµĺӰȥƻڰããѩ·кһƳɣȴƺޱȳصĻ
Ǵδ˼ҹ
ǵͺӰųĬصĺӰȥȹǲһеģ̼䣬䡣
ΡӰȻὣ轣⼲۶ŭ˾Ρƽ
µһƬڣֻǸԼȡаǵ겻ˣɣལ֦ͷ꣬¡
˻ٿȻһϣתۼ䣬ɪɪ庮ɽ۾ůƶ˲Ϣ佫бⶳϵİ˪ů
֪ʱƽָŵķȼ
βȾɫķ죬ȴ㹻ײϺӰ
óַƮƮҡҡײ˺Ӱǰκε˺ȴһĨ͸¶ȡ
֡չб
дŷʱǸõĴգ֦Ҷ©Ӱֻһչڴϣк
ɱ֮ʱƽΪѾǣĤһ綯֮ء
ֻ˺ܾ֮ǰͬع⳾ΪԵʱʹع⳾һ⡣
꣬׳˻ḶĴۣǳЩأ
˳ܹصݳΪˣֻḶĴۣ
֪ϵģع⳾ֻĻش
ƽȫ󲻵Ĵ𰸣ȵ㲻֪
ع⳾̯֣εԴδù˵ĳܼ޲ͬҲ޷ȷǸ˾
ҲǺ׼ͬ³ҲʶʧǣҲԻ͵һ̹㳹׻ҷ𡣡ع⳾ۣûƽֻǵҲ㹻ˣܹ
֣˭֪ء
ӰȻûκʶĽȴ㹻죬Ҳ㹻
ѩĽģٿȻٵӰ˷б£ƽࡣ
Ȼ䣬ƽƺ˶ʧȥʶ˵
ǳƶƳ£񲻿ɵ֮ƣȻ࣬¡
һԿţǸܲǺӰΪֻ֪΢Ҫɲö࣬Ϊͬƽ⽣мפ㣬һ
ƺĳţѰ˺˺صĽȻΧ£һ̾Ҫ˺ǡ
һƽ磬ڶܿĺ»ǳӡǡ
ƺΪմȾѪĶ
˲䣬չʢ
͸ƣѩԭޱ˺Ӱϡ
ƺܵչ¶ȣӰĶͣ
Ũڻȥ˵ʻɫ¶˿ʶδع飬ɲ֪ΪΣ¶Щ΢Ľţһš
ǧѩڴ˿ս·ת֮ʱڵüɽͷա
ƽȵļձߣָ΢̵ĵ棬ǿƵĺڵӰ˫ۡ
ֻྪһ˲ΪͬƽɹƣԲɺ֮ƣӰеķͲѹȥǿƵ߬ס
ڵɹľվֻһ˲ֱܿʿ֮ǰҪ֣ɫΪ԰ס
˫ȻѩצƵһƲ֪ʱɢںεصڳ׻ع鵽ϡ
ƽȵĴԼձ߷䣬ش¡
ʱǧһۣ֪ǾǺ£̵ֻشƽ۷ǰ
࡭
ǰʵı۰εסԷƺûعȴʶؽס
һ̣ƺﶼڷ
֣λ
ǧؾñ˫סֱԽԽ
ʶɣԶĸǿѹͽ֮мѼ֣ʵ̫бµܵµɹһιıҲɲ
ƽǰԼüиӵ
ڣһѩ
డ


176 
һüġ
Ȼ¶ĵʪ, ֻѾûʵĴС
ǧأЩһж·һִججػ
أһ, ǰԵ
ϤԶǰ̫ݣ庮ķѩۣ֮ƺ׾ͻᱻߣӡе, ˸Ϊ, һ
̫˼ֻһƳ䣬Կ϶
ò֮ͬǰһ, Ҳˣ˾ֿ϶
˼ʲô, ΪΪλ, Ѿһͷһİ־ŭ
, ֪ʲô𣡡
󻤷˿̵Ѿ޷ü򵥵ľŭݣ˼䷢ֶһֲ, Ψһ֪ǣ˵µĴڣǸΪԭֻܱееˣͷ˳
ɽǸֵط, 󻤷֪ĳĽ, λǿ, з֮, ҲԴ˵Ĵɵ
ǽԴǰˡ
ۿµĴڱȥǣ˫۾ɢɪķĿ⡣
в
󻤷ͷһޱͷ̫ǿûκϣ֮ƥС
ࡣ
ȴǾ֮
ǧڽ֮һܵþ֮ģҲΨһ˶ѡ
Ϊ커Ե귢ɽⳡսжţ۵üǰΡɽµˣͷޱߵĿ־壬
ߺ྿ǺιϵӦ˵߾ʲôˣ
ܻ࣬ƺҲͬ׽
󻤷ͷһʣ찵պʹȻͶг飬ţǰĸ׾ͳʹʱɽ䳤ĸʱţֱ졣
ϸ߶ľһȫйأ󻤷ζ벻ͨһƤӵ³ʿͬĹ
ǡǣ
һ֣󻤷ʶʲôȻŭ㲻ߣ㾿˭
ƽһЩֱۣվֱӣ˫̽󻤷¶һζĵЦ
⧲ûüƽܣת֮ȴʸڷߵݣ֮ңϢ֮󣬽˸֪ÿġ
Ľˡƽûп࣬Լ˵
ûֻǴ԰׵ɫƢҲãҲգȻȥɣȰЩ˵
ƽ֪Լ˿̵ΪԪӤڵС򲻹ǡšʵʵŲ㡣
˵žֱ˦ֲˣ֣ܵǹ˵ЩԼˡ
󻤷ˡ
ƳһۣǰһѹȻǵ󻤷ѹȥռ·ճƽδζꡣ
һһӰ౳֣ЩӰͬƽһ۱ϳЩնŽ
ԭཫɽ֮ǰԼеĽͷӰ
նŽΪŵӰ֮΢΢һ౳ɳ۶˲Ϣ䣬ԭƽķ֮¿ʼڵıѩڻٶ
Žܹͬƽϣ⽣·˼һ㣬û˵Ƿֺ
̫ʷȻϹżĽеĽһ
ٿȻӰĽ󻤷ǰ˵ߵꡣ
ʶֻһ˲֮䣬󻤷ָ̻ѣȻࡣ
⽣֮죬Ի֮ܣ˷ʤ
˼ˣ󻤷Ȼᵽһ𣬽ǼƵĵ̴ŲӻͷɿɨһۣԼȫʹһ֮Ϥ
ͷ˲䱻նϣֻº󾱱һƤͷ­յعƤϣѪɫ̼ڴ׵ѩӿĿ
ᣬȴɱ
ྐྵһȡΪ
󻤷ʱΪ״Ӵܿ
ţǻʱڳŮüһƣǴӽٲˡ
Ȼת
ǰξ󻤷Ǵ֮еǿߣͷʮİգ߷ˮվȺСһߣҲΪ壬ʵֻҪ룬ξǿߣױȺ߲񾳵С
κ͵ɹһ󾳽磬ǹѿǸؿڡ
󻤷ؿҪҧѪ޹ڽ֮Ǳضأ޹أת֮£ͬһ㣬ʵڣѰѴ͸
ٿȻ󻤷ӰȥŵӰˢˢ㽫󻤷е֮·ȫһŨĽٿȻ˷硣
˷˪ѩ汻ڻѩˮѪʪһƬӰڽ֮Ρ
༸ûô󻤷£ָ㣬رָƣĿɨԶԶӲһٶʬףͷһԵʹ
Ϊ˿Ʊ仯˲Ϣ㣬˾㵽ƽߣҲδЩʲôʵʵһͷ״
̫ʷ۵üȿƻʯҪƲסеļ߬лӣལལ
ܵǰз񽻻񣬲Լͬ˽ѾõǰͬལĹϵټǰӵѩƽһҹ˵ġడҺǼͬʱ¶һۼ֤ܵı顣
ԣղǳӵǧĸŮ𣡣
һ뵽̫ʷ;ǰǵɽ𺣣ҲҪһ̽ʵڶԲʷҵӵݡ
κΣδڣƽɫһ䡣
̫ʷʻӲȥƽ𽥳ı飬ʵôˣ
ƽδָĿڣܵĿڷͬѰ
ⲻԼǡ԰ǡ
ЩձգʶȻɢȴȻֲдӰģڴ˿̣ܵ࣬ƺڱʲôǣţһֿƿֻŵ
ƽʶʲôȻ̧ͷȻԭɽǲˡ
ǧǰһʮ˸Ĵۣɵڴ˵أǻĻ꣬ڴ˵פǧꡣ
󷨡˵ꡢնʹġ񡱵չ磬˵صʱõطǧ֮ǰ
Ծδѵεܿǧǰľ
һеУʶѣȻڣֻдʶڷ¡
ǽ翪ʼڡ
ƽȻһٶʬףǵ걻ǹ黹ڴ˼ε󷨵Ĵ۶Զ޷λɽڣȺǧ֮ǰˣڽⶳ.ܿͻ᳹ȥ
.Ŀʼ
ôܿЩǰȥһΡ
ʯ֮䣬ƽѸһͷǿҡ
ɣЩƽ˵Ƭ̣б䡣
һۣһЦ֪ˡ
԰գͬʱΪĽ֮ǵѸصض׼ն󻤷
󻤷ʱһȻͷԼؿڡ
ѻΪ󣬱ܹУһƫƫطκ档
źȻص߻ƽߣ˵Цһ˿̵ȴ£ô
δ䣬ü۱ڳ̽ϱߣǴɽͽɽĵطǽ⾭ⶳɽ۵ڡ
һֻѩ׵ѥ̤ڣһһڻѩŢغʹζѪˮ֮йȴۼδҲûκۻմȾѩ׵Ь⡣
ߴ˼ص£ɾͶȴţƽβ΢ȴü͵ѹ£ƣƴؿˡ
ֻڸ߸ϵϼ
Ƿ˵ϣĮȻġӸµӣͷЩܣ˸һֱľ޴ѹȸС
ƺĳֱϣʱſռ䶼ڼѹֻҷ
ļţǰ˽֮¼ʶȫȻſûκһ˸ܵĵ´ʱΪߵࡣ
Լܼڳɶؿһۣɤش
࣬Υˡ
Ȼػδ׶󻤷ͷǧͶһۣ˻ƵѪˮ䣬Ұܵ۵ױһƹ⣺
ǡȣȡ
˴󺧣û뵽˱û뵽̾Ķ꣬վϽȻ߾һòˡ
˸Ϊȵǣûпһ󻤷ָ΢΢£ԭɵڵˮ֮㹶Ӳд󻤷һָ֮£û
Լ˵ΪʵڹףǸȺŽѰķΧнȾʿΪ֮𺳡
ƽһ·ܲסѹƵģ뿿˸ϡ
ʶؽסûʣоڱԼֱϻƺдЩʲô
΢ƽ·չƵģȥ
ûмССȴҲû⣬Ƶϣڳһ˿¶һ˿ζ飺
㾹ܻ
໺ǰЩ۵׵Ĺסƽ·ӽ˶ҲҲӰһȻ
껹Ŀ˿һʲôƤ
ɲδ⣬ŽӲЦһţת˵صĽ缸ڿң޷ڣʶͻȻѣһ˿ѷ죬һ˵øл㡣
ǳ£İڴſڱ²˻УƷһ㲻˵ϤС
ƽһۡ

׸˺һ߼䣬Ժãһѡ
Ϊã·ִԲ֮ء
ɡ
ǧǰ̤һ÷һٶ˴ġ
ⳡ˫˫ط仰ʱٶֵǿУԼǿ־ǿԼ׼ٿƽһۣǰһһȺزʶС¶һ˿οЦ
ȥ
һ
һСҲԪӤΪλֱ̧֮ĴǰǰһȺҲֻܴ׵򣬱Ӧ²ԭҰϱܣȴʱ˵ʱ򱻾ⲨܵУ֪ǰ·硣
֮Уƽֳס˳㾪֮¿Ʋס֣ãȻػףƽһ˫侲ĳ
һ۵ƸӣΨûеӡ
㲻֪ΪΣʱ֣ҲЩʱ˵š
ܾáǲ
ͷһȺСαȡůĹ£㲻Ȥֻ࣬ЦˣʶոգӦû֪ϦϦ
ȷʵ֪ʶһƬڰлججεãЩԣûʱţ±仯·һжضǸҹǰ
ֻ΢΢üȤ˵˾䣺Ըꡣ
Ϊ϶˵һٶȼһ⣬һ˴һȺƿڵãȻ֪ȻѶתأʮĵؽһ䣺
ڣǧ֮ˡ
ɻʵ㵱Ҫػ˶Ѿȥ׺ɣҲٲǵɽӣˡ㻹ҪԼԭ𣿡
΢΢ҡͷпӵźƵƤңȴе֮ˣˣһʮžʬǣȻʲ⡣
ɽŲ΢٣ź˹ִ
ûһǧǰǰΪһ˿ϧ֮顣
ɲŲͻÿһ̤һڵУǾۼڿռѷ֮еĿռ籩˺ѡ
עµаΣԼĪܵܿͽͬԼɴʱΪԼڴߵĲΣԼҪߣ͵൱
һս
ҲΨһս
䲻֪ΪΣ״̬ǰδϳ
Ψһսܱȫ
նŽĽӰڿ͵غ£۳һصĽӰ
һۣЦҽղɱġ
ǧ궷תƴвͬΣ಻Ƿɡ
̧֣ȥ͵ĽӰתҪʲô
˵һ˿䡣
ҹõĿܣЩҲδйƵı֣ƫջҪʱҹͻȻʧˣ಻֪ȥ˺η
һеĿͬʱҹжϣԭ֮жΣҹһƶĴ˾һҹ֮ʧӰ١
һϵ˰һͷЩ䡣
ûϵ
ĿѲһܣڱͬţƺû˵ƽһۡ
ƵĿӹɣѣ֪౻˴ߣҲѡ
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ҡҡͷ䵭ЩҲϲ˺Ūҡ
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ƽоԼһǿס岻ܿƵɷȥ̼£Ʒ۽ģֻҪٽһ磬˲佫.һͬ顣
ȭ͵£ҪԼ߬Ѫӡװһ㣬ǧͷУΨҡûпǰͬԼ˵һĻ
ڡûϳ
ΣҲѾ⡣
ĮȻشԼ··ʱҪŮޣϸңǿŲ࣬Ƿ񻹲Щʶϡ
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״Щ£ҡ࣬ʶ
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˵䣬Ӱɳ۶羪Ӱǰָؿڵ½󣬸ɵ´
Ҳֹڴˡ
ռȻ£ѹƽɫ԰ףĶͬסֶ̧üѡ
˼סˡ
ƽĮȻҧʵȻ͡
䣬δ˵
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һ˿ƣȴﵽһ
ǧ겻۸һСȥˡ
䣬ɫһţ쵽׽
ɽӰͬʱӿб¡
ˮ
ɽơơơ
ɽ֮˳ӿ䣬ƺһʻԲ赲֮Ӳ˾
ţǿơ
ĵĴȫͼ·˫ŽҪ뵽ͼ֮УΪ⻭֮ˡ
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סƽĺӰɿڹȴͼ֮Ѳˮī£·Ҫīɫ͸ɽͼС
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˲Ϣ֮䣬ץסɽͼʵõһ֮ӥ˳ȥƽ±סطɴܡ
ʯ䣬Ȼ̧ѷ֮дӰĵ׾һ˿Ƶ˷ܸС

һϯµĺڣ̤ɽͼʶ˿Զķ硣
ɽסƽĺſ¶һΪЦݣɭӳݼƳ
򡣡
ƽץߺͿʼţڴ˿̿ǰʱһһҵ̾ǰǰˣ
ΨһȻսȻſΡΡͻͶֿ۱ѵƽƽͷһΣ֪


177 ʲô
ǧʱ, 㹻׺ɣ
Щڹ֮У·ճɻҲı, ȴ
ѧԼһʱ䣬ƤջλҲ˴꣬˫Ϊѳɶɽһʱ䣬ηƱ, δ, ѧצ̽ΣΪĵȴһ㣬η贫, ԰
Ƶı仯ǕNǰ´ֵǶܵ˽ţ޵İ۹һһƤ᲻ᱻ˺, ѧⷬվ¹˭, ֻ˵ɴƴһܾˡ
, ˭Ҳ뵽, ΢̬ȵĵˣȻôˣ⧲̬
ֱض̤ɽͼΣֽĿ⻺Ų˱ǯѾɵһЩ͵ƽ, ôֻܵóһۡ

ͬʱǰΪһһ, һ, һ, ӲҪиֻ˵ò˸߷࣬°էһȥΪһ̥ġ
ҲӻĸŮƵĴ⡣
֮ǰع⳾˵Ĳ룬ԼǸŮ˱뷨磬ʱһϤͷðʱǧ꣬Ϊм鷳Ѷͷ۵ĸоûˣǿˡ
һģĻӰһܽԴǵʵʵĶñһһϯ£׷ɭޱȣͬȡ
ñڿ˲ͷ˹ɽķĶñ¶Ȼصһ䵽ϻû˵Ѿﲻ㻹ţ㻹Ű
βָͷ̫ͣã˪ӡͣõӡ뿪ͷڲ֮ǰʶֹҵĻӭЩˮûγɴĵĸͬܡ
Ц£ͬñط˪һӵصġš˵ţúúõġ
ܵ˪ϰ˰Ϣ΢ͣ£ֵ㻹Ҫá
˪ᶼۿˣƻյĻһ¶˻ȥָ̧Դһ£һû
ู̣ĵۻ˪ҽʦȽϺʡ
ֺȫעϡ
Ůǧǰ˿ƾ޵ӡ漴ټ
ʱֻ̾Ϣ˾ž֮ˣվִ
ͬʱͷһ˿޵ļɵֶͬΣֹһ͵ȵʹùΪַޣûвѾĺȻ֮ĩ·ֻǰԼ̫ˡ
ֻ˷ļı䷴кģܵļƻЩͻһҲֶνǰʹ¾ݾƿҰ֮ϵҰ죬˲ϢԭյԹ߶θȡ
ֶʿͷӰһһֵʿŴĵƤΪʹ͵ȵ߸ϵĸܿܿЦǲϣȴʱ˵Ƽˡ
ּˡɵӸƳƳһ˵ߣĿؿƲ۾
ɽӷ꽥գⷽؼĹȻû򻺲£ĮȻɵӦǳμ档
ǧǰǴν棬ֻɵ
Ƥڱͬսۡ
ɺ䴫һ˿Ц΢΢ҡͷЦ紫ǰ飬ϧˡ
ϧ飬Ψֹʧ
֮©㣬ˣŮڵֱ͵ȵ磬ѳΪǾ֮һԱ
򻺲ΪᵽʱйÿһһīɫĻ档
ѩɽȺ˽Ӷ֮»ѩڣ¶.¶ªĵر
֪²ҽ֮ʱɵĸ·˸һεǽƽӹüۻ¶һЦ⣬ֻƤǣȥ˼˿ƽĹ졣
΢΢ü¶Ծȵ飬㡭ʲô⡣
ֻͣƬֻ̣аʱ䣬Ƶʯ
Ҳһ˲䣬ͻȻܵ΢زǰʹʵѩˮĿռһ߱ͷ˿Ҫϸ΢Ĵλ
ȫƾһԾ𣬼ͬʱرѩѩ٣Ϯȥͬʱɱз·ʵľ󶼿ʼŤ仯𽥵˴ˮī֮ɫҪС
ƽĲؼطɴܣͼѰһ뾰ʵõı߽硣
ѵһȥ谭ľ磬ƽûУε˲Ƴܵѹ嵽˱ٱıԵʹˣҲ¶ʹ֮ɫ
ֻܱסȴ˶ʹ࣬ʶԼڵѰĿ죬ɽŲٿȻ̶Ȼתͷα任λãʼնͬŲԶľδ仯
ڻС
̤īɫ𣬲ɿϲܶҪʱɴǲʱġ
ɽͼѲֶΡ
˲ǵһμɽͼȴһμɽͼơ
ƬɽƺΪһ壬У˸޷ֱɽͼںδ򾰣ʵãͬʵĻбĥȥ˲졣
ʰϵʯӣϵĴĦģԴѩֵĴУʯͷһ仨ڱǼᣬᵽ㡣
˭ֵܷԼڻУʵ
ɽǧµĻѺⷽزҡ
ɣۼʶֶʱǵѱȥľ裬ֿʼȻðͷ
δͻƽޱӵ֮ܣݹǧָΪܴߣһǳΪǾ֮ϵ
֮ʧ
ˣ󶨻Ϊͷ󻼡
ɽŲһ٣ͣδǳ¶һǳЦݡ
ɣҽղ붯֡
۱µŮޣʼδһԣѾɵˣŷصĺ˳һֻ
࣬Ȼô
̧ͷ֪뵽ʲô¶һŵЦݣǴΣҶĽգҲύ֡
Ų⣬ʵҲˡ
ɲڴ˿ֵͬԭܼ򵥣ܽƣԼһεľ޷ڴķӣܿƣʵƽ
վ֮۵ˣһ֣ɽѣݣʱ롣
ͼ
ǸΪ֪ĿģɵƢԣ֮á
̧ĿⲻɨɿֵһԼ
Ҳȷʵڽպɽ֡
ط񽵿ãʵȴá
ǽǰ˺÷鶼ãı尲ȵشһ磬ƴΪ𵴣ԼҪĴȣ˵һˡ
Ҳ¶һЦЦı顣
˵ڵѩڵŶʲôģ
ɵЦĿ
ҹס


178 
ͫ͵һ, ڴڵ޴Ӳһ˲ʧ̬
һߣ˪ʱͬʱͷȥһĽӿͷ
˪߬, ĳûð˳صһ۱˪߬ź޷Ӧ࣬Ĳ鲻ԸعӰɢȥ֪ʲô
ǧǰʮþȵĶɽٳ⣬ɾڲ⡣
˪Ƕʱռ, ˴˶ʮȷ, Ǹ߲ǶԷ
һ˲仰Ʒһ˿ζ˪͹
˪Ĭ, ͬӦ͹ⲻˡ
ۡ
ĳֻһ棬ƽΣ
ɶƬ̣ͻȻЦˣô, ﶨд, ֺαһ⡣
ǰһ, ÷·𼴽Ҵĳض˵ŵ˵ɽ֮ʱʲôֽţЩꡭ𡣡
¼ڸ, Ҳ¶һ˿ˣ΢˵ЩֵĿ, ôǶѣ, ҿͬһġ
ǳǳһ, ·ղһ˲ʧ̬Ǽ, ָֻ侲ĮȻ״̬Ŀ¶ЦȻܿǧأաҲѾʧ˰ɡ
ǵļһӣزļϸ֦ĩУɰǰһĻȴ㹻
Ǹˣҹס
͸ǵĶɴ䣬֮Ҫݲ٣˫Ŀûаʧе룬ֻһ˼εҵĿݹǡ
һĻǰþûص
ǺȻҹʧˣûڽظɣҲðŷϵ
ǧͷлʡ
ҹΪҪʲô˵ܣһǧôġ
ʵģεӰֻһֵֻ࣬ڰɣȴֲȥģֻȥأ
еɻ󶼱ʻغУٿڣֻһ䣺վͼΪΣֱ˵
ü΢̾һ֮ˣ֪ǸǧǰıѸ㣬޾ʹҲҪ𡣡
Ȼ㲻˽ˣͬˣ˽֣ΪɵĺҲ塣
۵׵Ĺ⣬ӲǸߣɱ
ԣɷһ֮ĴЦ
Ļش𣬺˵ǣν֮𣬿ǲ˽㡣
ЦĿһָ̽գֻҪ
һԼƬ̣üĵһ
ɱһ˲˵ҪǲǹЩ
ɡ
üǾ̸£ˡ
һΪ΢Сʿڳ˵İȫôɵ뷨ȫȻⲻΪʲô򲻿ġ
ڳȴ֪
˰нĵʦǰŮ֣Ҫ˭ܵץǵȻû̸ˡ
˪̸֪£ǱǸΣ˳׼ؽˡ
˭ɲ֪һ˼ù̾Ϣ㲻Ըκһǰ޹ۣ
ͬ˵Щ˳˵ȥ˭Ҷ̬ȣҪˣС
ϧǱûа취ˡ
ƽȴ衣
ܿ죬ͷһоɽͼԲϾĽ类˺һ϶
ԭͬ⾰ɫȱ;Ȼ飬Ѳ֮
һоǰָؽɽ֮ƣУͷĿֻţۿһĿ־壬Դĸ֪У۱ضһɽ鱬һʰ
ɾ֪ʱɽͼı߽磬ӻ˳
ܿ죬Ŀ־ڱסһֹסɽͼȻջأɽʵľչǰ
ԭɽͷѩδڣ˵Ǻš
ɷ̾Ŀϧڶߣ׶ΣȻϮ˲Ϣԭ
ԭѾ첻֪ʱٶȰл޹֮Ɐ·ʹޡ
˪ɽ۵һǽУĿͣԶ̵һʮžʬǴһסˡ
һ۾Ϳжϱ۴ף˵ƽʬף૵衣
̧࣬ѯʡ
ѵһֱ̣رˡ
˪һ³˹ȵס
̼䣬֮˲׳ɽεǧ꣬ԼıȴעҲ鲻õλǷ˻𣬰ɽ۽һڣǵı··ѩһһܽ⡣
Щ.ȴ˪ⶳǧ̻ΪεĻ֮һ˿޵ϵȴıסĴ
ӲдҲ쵽ͷˡ
ֻǼ򵥵̧֡䣬ɵ̬ԭ˵Ľ˺һԵѿڡ
Ц˵ɽͼŰΧΪ˱סЩ˵꣬.峹һգ»ģȻ򡭡ɽͼȫ磬Ҳҵɽͼı߽硣
һ㣬ƽ߸߷϶¸ˣ¸ߵע߲󡣡
̾̫ˣİСЩӵˣȺɥʧĹ»꣬˶ʣǶҵĳ롣
ڡ̸̸𣿡
ƽ̧ͷſеɣ̬ûԵñ΢ǱŲڶĹ֮·ｫ˼ϣԡ
ɴƶؿΪޱѡ
ɾʱ򻺻¶һǳЦһš
˵˾䣺Ͳ棬ΪʲôҪ𣿡
߰дֻ֮ƥеĶ֣ˣȻԶȴһ޷õ
ҲΪĸ߰Įӣ֮յļƻҪһ
˲©һģ߬ƽ죬ۻʶٶȽѹһ飬ûҵʶټ
˼⣬ΪµŮޣʶ˿ѹιܹӲдţδ
ص̫ʱ޷ҵ뽫˴ȥ
ɱ仯Ҳ˲Ϣ֮䡣
ǧĿ޺·һ˲䱻Ӳͣס˶¶Ȼɫɽѩ֮ϣ֪ʱ΢⡣
Щ΢ż临Ӷܵ໥˸е
ǶƵĹâ
˶ϳˣǸ󷨣֪ʱãҲ֪Ǻõ󷨡
ɴһ̽ʱ֪˴;
״γ׿ƲסԼŭ㾹˴󵨣
δ䣬˵ѹ𣬽˺ѵٶ˺ޱͷѹڳ֮˶ѪǼ֣Ҫʹȥ
ýһʮ˵ʬ׾Уεؼƺյ˸٣جج״̬ʼۣ׷󷨾ۼȥ
ɢĵɫâ۴׷ӰƵӰ֣Ϲ޵Ϣ¶ţúһѹʯɵѹ֮£Ǵġ
󷨰ƻ߽ٴģ£Ƥӵ·ӳá

˲Ϣ
һʼת󷨼ȫܸţһһʬдѣ»ããȻУǵĻ˫۳֮ǰͶһۡ
ǲãԶ£Դ˱վֵ
ҲƲסϤͷ֮ʱضŤ
ԶǶŵ̧ͷգ־̫̫ڲ
ɽͼʵıϵǰɽӽԲһ֮䡣
ǿߵһ綼Ϊ֮
ʵ޻ڷ·ܹǬڷ֮ʱеѩ֮лŭһһڽɽͼ˺顣
ļл֮Уƽ.˺ѡ
ɲִɨɫ֪ٵȣʱ䲻ǰֳǼΣյ飬Ҳ뽫ʶ
ٲƣػᣬȴԴݿ֮ƽƽսǿܹһк£ۿΪ΢Ů޼һϢ
򷢳һ̾ڱһö裬ұΪⲻʵʱ䡣
в˵ʲôתۼȴɢɫĹ⻪ͬʱǲ۵Ůͬ⻪֮䴫ǿҵһȳɵ赲ɶƵײһ
ɵǬٶ˦סƽ壬ʶûУǱֻп
˲Ϣ䣬ֻ״У߾ٶ͵ش£ֻһ֮Ҫ̴ƽĿڡ
ǧһ֮ʱղŰƽĹ⻪ʢʼЩ͵Ŀ⾹˲鶯
ΪǣɾͨŮϣܵϢ
ʯ䣬ԲϵŮзһ֧ʣľɫʼѩס
֧ùΣҹ׵ļУ֪֧ʽзīı
ڣ֧ʱһУԷıݺݴ͸
ʹϮ˲䣬䡣
ɾŭѵؿɳ۶Ů޽ڻУǰʼûзӦŮ̧ͷ˫Ƶݿ¶һģһЦݡ
վھıԵ߲԰׵ָƿռ䣬ͨĴš
Ŵ󿪣˼ǣŽ֮С
űߣ˫߳ƵЦŶɵ
ټˡ˵Ҳϲͬ˴ġ
ɽ


179 һ
ⲻɽδ, ܻȺ֮ζ׳
ΣȺɹԴ, һͱǣĴٶ˷ɵǶû˸Ұ
̫ʷڿƵƮһȦڴ˫۽ƽԼ., ܾӽǸء
һ˶ͬ, ϾԹߵӽԼĻȷʵǳѵá
еһ䲻Ĺ˵.ϾȻԱӻ, ȴ޷һȺ˴ҡڵڹɴС
߶ܵǻΪʱѧǿҲϰܵӡȻǿҲһų̫ḻı, ƾĴǶ˽, Ⱥ֪Ӻζ̬Ⱦϲġ
ĴǲԴ, ׷׿ʼͷģԼƴɱŴĹ֮λȺӰ, ԼͬصˢڸУоǹ˽·ǻɳķ磬ȫ׽͸ʲôʱᷢ
۲˼Ĵ, ԭڴҽʦϡ
Ҳ֣ЩǹȲ, һΪ˴ҽʦ, Ѿϰ, ֻ⼸Ƿִҽʦתܣǵطǳ򵫹Ĺǵĵط
˵һĻһٶתĹޣȥĸߣȴһһһһȫת
Ҫ˵ҽʦΪҽߣȥתؿԼĲˣҲʲô£Լ˵ҽʦβΪβΪ˽¡
׼ȷ˵˽顣
䴫ԣҽʦȥתΪ˸йޣԷǰǸޣתɹޣڹǿٵͷһء
ԭĴţǹһձһ޲Ҫ˵ɫƺҲǲš
죬Ĵ⼸Ϊµ귭ˣ޷Ӧ˭ϼڹˮǸճŮޡ
ĵգСǽֱƵػصŸװ˸ʽ鵤ҩټ׳ǵƷҪʱȥѰҲҲҪһʱ䡣
ʱССһڹᵽ۵ܣһȺ˸ĹޣһСųɳʵʵؽ˵۰Ͱų㡣
ûһĴҲŷڴʱԼͬ¶ˡɣҲڡЦݣʵ޲øϽԶʳĹһ߳ȥ
Ϊʦƽ£һĻҲп
ȻĶܻӭ
֮ǰǶԹΨһӡǰ;¹γʱǳµĹŴ󿪣֮˹Ǹܵطӡһ⣬ӡָҪɽǽضѡ
ס˼죬˷ֹͦȤʽ⣬Ҳ˼һУƺֵ̣úܡ
Ψһ㡪˹֮㲻ʳ˼ζ˼ʿٹȲͬΪ˹ޣΪߵͣ޳֮ǰκεζ
ҲϾֻʣˣʿȻʳ֮ζЩϧǾٹȵģżЩ棬Ҳܹס
ֱг
Ҳ֪˫ʲô֣޵ʲôĹ֮ʲôֵĶжܱʳģĳʳù޳ζ
ѾŲʳζʳζĹʱ꣬ٶȻʱĸܣһ߳һȻ£ıЩʲôС
ĴѾ꣬첻źۼش̽ųЩʲôڹǰݼڣһʱ䵹һͬǰҲ˹ġ
лΪӵظ̾ʦǾӼбر顣
ϾڳˣڸƺҲ֡
һȺǳԱһҾ뿪ջһıתҸҽʦȥҽʦ˵ⲨҩЩǰӦˡ
һ˶
ü΢ĬĬ󷽣ԭ˪סĹԣƧĹ
һ̬ؿһԺĻЩ۰׵ĻһϣջûǵڶϵͻȻġ
ǼסĴͬ򶼸ӵһĹ⵹ҲûʲôȽ΢ǡƽһסĵ
˿ķӦһĳĬ
΢ཻƽɤӣȥҲʣҪǻȥ
˵⻰ʱҲ֪飬͸Ƶġ
лӣһ˭ȥ
ǲ̫ҡ
ÿÿһ˵¾ɫǷӵƵģƢҲû˸Ҵùͷ
ƽĿƣһ˵ҲʲôҪĴ£ǵʦͬţˣǶȥ
Ϊʵڲ֪úʦûǸúʲôĳƺƽεظ˿ڣǣáͬšһ˿ʺϵĴƺˡ
ǡ
ƽ˵˿ҷɵŲصϣڴĿ⿴λʦʿ䡣
ƽ»ߣתֱ£Խ޵Ĺԥؽֳص˦˳ȥ̫ʷʦܣ̫ʷҺųȫ¶ǰоߣҪͽˡ
̫ʷ⧲˦ôñӣһʱסˣƽ粻֮Ǵ˽ᣬĿİͰͲ֪˵ЩʲôֻͷԼǰΪʲôҪţƤô
У̫ʷ鼱ֱ֮һһҷֱקסл͸ӣĳһ䣬Ҫһ
ˣ
Ҳûôء
ǡôһΡ
߷ĳ֣˲Լͬǰɽ۷һС
֮ǰǼֱŵһĻ
ۿǰƽϣǲǼ򵥵ԵУеȫͬ
ǿŲԪӤΪƽ·һһʽͱˣվǰʱԵЦݡϸ֦ĩڵɫȫͬ
ʶꡣ
ͺУӵеͬꡣ
ܵѪԵϵҲ޷괫ƽȴӵͬꡣ
ֻһ͡
ͬһˡ
ôأȫͬǣһǧصϹŴܣһǳʱͬţദôʱգưûС
ǡôܻͬһˡ
Ǽ֮мշתߣץڹ⼸ʱ⣬Ƕ˼⡣
ҲֻгĴ󣬻ֵܿسȥЩԼĳʳš
˼ֱĺ̬
˭ϣⷬԻ󣬳¶ãȻ飬ʵ˵ʲôǲȥʦõΪҪȥġ
ˢˢãı飬ƽ̲סʵȻҽǰʦã
ãȻһ˿ʦ˵ʲôľ㤣ǰʦõĸףǲǺ֪𣿣
ȷˣԭЩӳĵȫΪ֪η
һͨҵжȥƽקһ׳ŵȥƽڵĹҼᶨ߳һɿƣʱ׼Ӣ¾塣
ǰվƽһҪȷ飬ܼ򵥡
ǲͬһˣǵиǡǡ
仰û˵ȥ
Ų֪ΪΣԿ·ڡ
˰ΣԥĹ򣬵һ˻
һϯɱ£ǿɫ⣬Ͷ䶼۷ǿ

̲ס̧ͷ£һҲûֵӰ
ֻһ˵ꡣ


180 ˭
ĳƽ°õ˵һ˻ȥ, ӻյֻǴؿǰȻԼΪʲô
ֱͦͦڵ, ʧȥӡ
תһȦһȺͬŶ˰ֶĲһľ«ŭ˾䣺ûһܶõģ
λķ˸ɴ༷УĳüšصƬ, һ䣺ʦأ
˵, ׷̾øң
򱧱۰뿿ڵϣƮƮɨòõһȫɢ, °㣬˵˾䣺ɡ
ˣǵɽ, Ҳýˡ
ͷ, Ƶųһ˵, ߵƫ֨ѽһ, صűƿԺ֦ҡһ۰ɫꡣ
ⱻƻõĻ깹ڴûֶãܿͱڵδһء
ڲõĺǾ, ڷһŴ󴲣ߵᡱƿһ, ؿϲ, ƽ.
һ˲, йͷȴܵڵͼѰҳƽڡ
ûУټĹ֮Уڷ壬ȴֻһ˵Ļǡ
ֱ꣬յĳб˼˵ĸоҪǿңǸżľ룬Ƶ£ܸоѹơ
ǿ߶Ȼѹơ
ָᵯǰƽȵķϵɰ·һ˫εֿţԷ˺²衣
ȵĲ豭뱭¶ǣҲûĸض
ԭȿڲҲѹѹлҵš
оƤţһ˿ڴʵʦõڡ
˭ϣ£豭ϣ˫Ŀƽע죬ѿڶһ䣺ʦ֡
ƽһڲȫ˳
̫ʷְѲ豭Żϣһ죬ְԼһ£ʱ˿ѾȫȻûųǰʷͷоߡԵǣֻԼղΪʲôҪ벻
ŻڴܣһʱԼƽǰɷذ׺óĻ棬һʱԼԲѵƽǰ˵Ҫǰǧо׵ס
̫ʷţԭбȰһλϹŴָܽ¡
ǾǡԵλϹŴܣպһ顢Сʱ̣ҲĴʴʵʦ㡣
ʦ֣֡ˡ
ֶ߶˰죬ָû㡢㡪
조㡱˺һҲʵû㡱Ȼ㬰ˣһ²裬ֻʲô¶
ϹżаѵøһѩԭΪβѧڵֻͬദ˼£ȴڸִԺʦŵŹܾõСʦãͬһˡ
ֻиŵ΢΢עǰһԲ
ĵûˣȻ֮Ϊ侲һ
һʦѿڶû˰˿ڲɤӣҾƽ
ƽ±Դʹʦáǣǰһ
ʮͣ˰Σ˵ʱھ㤵ʵ
˾䣺ҲƺǰôУԺɼôС
˼ͬʱ룺ǷǳⰡ
˹Ҫǲ˵ǰʦãǳ붼ʡ
ʱ˿̣ƽһ΢ͷ
ôͬǻи뱲ӽǰΪʥ˽֪򲿷ִеʦǿֱӲˣ
֮Уƽ¾ȻЩ
Ҳһ֪ġ
ⳡԻ˵Ǽɹڵдͷ߹Ϧ£в֣ǰʵ̫Ĺ˸߰˰ˡ
˵ǰǾ㤺𺳣γΪƽ֮˲֪ΪΣͷһԵɬ
ԭǿҲ˵޲ߵʱ
Ǹ޵ֻܱ꣬һСǰܵУ֪ǰ·磬Ҫ׵Ѫһȥ
Ŵ⣬ʵǿԻǸǰһ֡
Ц£˵ƽҵǰֻмϵ֪ܵ󲿷ֻ˵š
ػһΣǣҲֻ˪й
򴽣оͷĵֳЩǧ֮Ʒһ˿ĸӣգһȺ˳ĬӳĬ뿪һڴߡ
ȷ˵װСͬǻһ𣬸εıŶ԰ɡ
꣬ⴳһʵɤűһӰشӴһԾ롣
δӻǵǲǴ֪ųʲô
üһЦʮֲشȴȽгǾʦ֣εķǣ˲ðƽ
ƽֻ̧࣬۵һ峺Ц⡣


181 ٻ
ڹʱ, ⼸ѵɿӣǶ˭
뿪ƽؿС, С齿Ŵпڴϣȥ͸Ժа߲Ӱ©¡
֦ǸܵȻչ, ŷ۰С֦ͷ, زָϡ
һĻƤ鶯£̲ס¶ûۿı, ͷЩ΢Ĳζ
Ҳɬĸʧ䣬ԼִĹŮгһձҵİײ˸, ¶Էǰײǽ, Ҳ̫˳ۡ
ܾƽ, Ȼż쵰ʱˣܹǧ, Էʲôǧǰû⣬ֲۡ
ǧʱֻǻججǧسΣĻް, ʱ㱻˹˼䡣
ƽЩ˽⣬, ʲôһ·ߵ, , ȴҲ޷ĵĸͬ
ʧ䣬ҲЩϧ
ûУдͲţžţȴǸ˵ģʵʵС齼ԶľϣϸϸƷζͷӵ߶ţͲõġ
ƽбʵã
һ죬û˵
ѳζһͼҳͬƽƥеſô룬ܷģƺҽˡ
ĬƬ̣ҲĬĬʻ˶û
ĿɨƽĲƳѵһģͷֵת֮ǰǧǰǸҵֻһ˿Ʈҡء
Ǹ¶ˣƽ£ҪȥɽʱҲ侲ϸµظ˰ź·ǿķ˿Ϸ죬˿ǲʣ˭˲ɹʵ׼
֮䣬ǲ鰮Ĺϵ

ھ·УƴҲΪԷһ·ɿսѺܵͬ飬ҲԶԷͬߡ
Щȥֱƺ¡
ˡˡ
ܹţǧȫڣӦеڴ
ˣƺͬԵط˵Ƕ̫ݳޣܶһǺõġ
ܿģҲǺõġ
ţͷǹɷ㱻ɢЩǱźüյġʲ֦˶һƬƽģݸһЦ̶ԷӰһգģվڴһӰ˫Ŀƽ
ݴһۿžӣɱ׷ӵĺ쳾Щζ
룬öղǷﰵָ
˫͸ıɫźۼתһȦԷԼµƽʵˣϲ𣿡
ƽһ٣Դؿüţ
δĬĬȷʵϲˣϲһкÿˡ
ĺÿģ̬ܻһЩ
ǰǸˣÿˣ˶Ǹ˵̬Ⱦͷǳá
̵˵ҲԵģ
ϲӣҲվ󣬰һҪ¡
ƽüЦһӵݵ°ͣ˵Ҫı䣬ͺܺá
Ѫɱаն֮ºֹǧɱĺ֮˲һѵõĸɾɡ
ûЩبǧѪûгΡ
΢ɽϵľǸŵӣӵƬ̵徻
˵ˣЩ顭㲻һֱ𡣡˵ݵĻƽ˵
ǧδλѱǧٿ׵磬ǵΪոһյ֧תֻµȲػһգѽ˽С
ƽЩ
˵ţҲ֪Ҫʲôó˷ī
ԿƽƬ̣ӵ忡ɨֱӲק˰ڡ
ͺ֦Ҷ֪Ǻβʣʮƽ΢ھɿˣ¶ʵš
֡ȫûҪ˼黹ͦˣֱƽµһʣûס¡

ƽҲû̧ͷܿͺãһ¡
ԼҪ
ֵƳЧòͬīˮûպīֻǽŷīעУڵؿڻ˸ɫķţһۼУҲֻԼ֪Լʲô
˵ĿȻܿ죬ʵֻмʱ䣬ҲƬ̹
Ƭ̹ڵﱻӳȻ΢ɽϣûʱΪɣϻһ
ԭΪǴεĸѾȴϻΡ
һļ¶ᡢȴɳ֮ʱһʱǰ𺳵ڼ飬Ŀѣεĸоֱǡ
ȴġĥʱݻЩᡣ
ǸƽձʣĵذڣЦ˵׼˿
˵⻰ʱЦŵģȴ޶˵ر֮ǰҪЩǹ˲ݿܵð˳ǸߵģЩ䡣
ȫڵϣ˸˼ˣԺǿҶӶʼۡ
ãֻġֿ϶ػش
ӵðˡʱЩһڲǿȥѱɨأ̶һʱʱʱɸֵĸ˵Ĺңͷǧ󶼻һ仰
ʲôʲôǰ
ԭλһԸһԸ
鸴ӵؿŵĻϲͷ˿쿪ģҡͷĵƽⳬ˵Ŀǿ͹ߵĵ±׼ƽŲɽ¶ˮѵһ˴ҲԹֵɵӣйڡ
ķΧ֮УݾȻոһƺڰû
ࣺ
һĿڣŶԼĹŮĽײ˹ߵ΢ѾȻ޴棬ֻʣ¡λ˵˭˭̾һ˿ҡ
ҵǣһƽߣȻǸ˵ġ
ⲻ͹ˡ
ۺʱ֮ɵһ͹ƽһһʮǸоƽˡ
ƽǰ࣬±˵ǳζۺﶼֵá
Ȼţ໹˵һۣ񣬻ڿһƽӴ˾糯
ݾĪ
ͨϣоͷеķƶɢˣ˸һɣȥǰ˳ƽС齷ϵһӣ޵ģӦζ
ҧ֭ˮһ±ǻ۾
ᡣ

ĵʮ죬תһʮŸתĹˡ
ƽ˺תԣȴѺعʱ̡
һ˫һ˫۾½İãȻ
˾˾֮ʱԼ³ɺȥһ·ôҲ
ʿת֮˵
Ǵеһ𣬾һеĵ·ÿһڵߣһȺΥ׳ˣȻòصľˣֻ𻯳ɻңԴɢؼ䣬İƬ¡
Ǳǻ͹¾ȼԼʱ벻гһգǻ磬ٶۡ
ʱࡢ˪Щȥ˾վԱߣЦǡ
ѵ˶ЩãȻţѵʿĻطꣿ
꣬Ǳ㿴ָڵĳˮһ£֮һ
֣ض˵
ӭ

ǣֶһʮˣֱסƽ฽ĵڹ㹻ݵôˡ
ֻһԭԵÿռЩɭĹͳгͬĴ̫Ӧ
ûգһȺ޵ĵùˡ
ڵǰһգɲҴҵظһ˹ƵıԳ˵ˣնɻǰˣ
ԣɫ䡣
նɻǼǰͻȻڹʼһͷǸŮޣΡ
ǲû⣬Ӵ󣬳ŹĵҰƴնɻľ²ˣһһ磬δйܷʲôˮģ⡣
˭ϣնɻǸ⡣
䴫ԣնɻ᲻֪ʱҵ˿Ұ軥ɵİ취Ұ룬̶̼ʱ䣬̾ڹ֮Ĵ󲿷Ұ£δʱ򣬾Ѹײڶ֮Ѹ׳ɳΪĴҲҪɵһǿ
ΨһֵǣʼռնɻʹʼˣնɻڲҲδολص䣬ÿÿʼ£Էֶ˵ڹֻǫ
ǰЩӣҲ֪ηʲô裬ͻȻ˵ܵնɻλڹ򣬷ǵȥԷ
Ұ⣬ڹҲѭŶԷµıлķиܵԷֵĵص㣬Ȼġ
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ΪʱնɻиŲϺţ⼸նɻĵλȴ൱ΪնɻһȺҰۼҪĻ飬ҲΪŮʵ̫ˣ⼸նɻιؼڵ㣬ÿÿʱļıǶɹѹء
ˣǸţƢҲֻʱĻһ
ΣնɻڹҲɵۡʱ궼ãΪʱ걾Ҳ˵λնɻ䣬һǰǡ
գջǿŹǴϢ¶˾ġ
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ǿĿ⼸֣γȷҪҵ˵ټ
ԷǹϱնɻҰûôܣöδնɻᲿҪʿһǰǣҰǸں󷽣פͬһɳĮҰ⣬ȷҪҲиӦ
նɻƺƵĴעţϢݵʱƽࡢ˪˶ڣĴڸι
նɻϢ¶ã
ƽºԭǹҲնɻ᣿
Ĵ뿴ôѵ˼Ҳиնɻ᣿
ƽµͷָŰԼڵܵǣǶնɻĳԱ
նɸдǰӹǧǰĴУǾѾΪնɻһԱ
ֹǡ˪˵ҡࡢղŴתسˣնɻĳԱ
նɻǧǰʹڣִֻδȴ֮ĬϵĹͬ׷
Ĵ¶Ȼεǻеɣ˼䶼иնɻᡣ
ɡƽͻȻӦҵġ
£˪̲סǰڹֻʮ죬顢ؾңȻ˱£
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ŶǰͬʦõʱһΡ
ƽ¶һǳЦݣɲǽҵˡ
˹ɲûôԸĬĬʾ⣬˭ϹƽĻûκηԵ˼ڰ֣ʾɲնɻǡ
ɲ
ֹҵĸо
նɻգƿƺƺƵ
ɹǣǾûκǣӲǲԸܹƣдš˲պ󼴽췴Ұ˳ؽ˹ĺ֮أǡ
Լھȡ
նɻһȺҰСĽ̽ϢϿĴ
ƶʱԵնɻҰǻΪǸΪ˽նɻһ򾡶רľ֡
ʱһŮ޴ӹ󻺻ⲽһȺ¶˼նɻԱǣ͹նɻᣬ˸ʹطꡣ
ƽ̧Ƴ𾪲ѵκʱ֣þò
仯תնŭɶ״̬ϣˣ֮ǰֶ£


182 
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Ұ׵㾪ȵ˵
ԪսͷòᴦǹŰ׵ưѡ̫ʷСֹȻҲֻл壬뻹˵
ֹŵ˼ʱͬ, ǵﲻʮ, ֮£Զڵʱ򡣡
ȻŶ
Χ˪, ˪˵Ҫ׼Щʲô˪ⷬԻһ죬˵ʲôֵ, һ굽ͷҼԲֵü, ڹ޶, ֵüĿɲǹԹʲôֵġ
ˣ
е
˪, ˵Ĵ嶼԰ᣬǻаٹҹΣеƻᣬ, ǼǵôϻһȺ»ɱ޸ˡ
һ仰, ˪ת뿪, ͻȻƽ½ס
˪ǰƽԥ, ʵǡǰιڣ
˪£һдšͷüѵ¶һ˿Ц
Ӧûһ延
延סĵط
Ӧ£˪뿪ıӰ˴˶һۣ¶˼顣

ҹ󣬹ѵ÷磬չڹȺڹǰٹҹΣǹȫģһΰٹҹΣɴһꡣ
Ĵ뿪ˣȴҲûԵöôյ延ƵС
תسһʮ𽥽ԼѾΪ޵ʵҲûж˿ܣϾǶѾõĽ趼δܡ
λǰǴ·ӵǰ֪Լһ֮ͬаǵĵطתΪޣҲֻ˫ֺʮĬһʡ
жСɮԣһµԵ
˪΢Щ
ʱգǶڷɿǧһ֪ʶ΢Ϥ֮Ѹٿʼо޵š
Ϲʱ֣֮ǿּÿϹʱ֮˵ĹѪ֮Уĥ
ô̿ŬһգҲҪЩġ
ֻ΢Щѡ
ʳΪ˲ǣǰһĳʳڻʯ֮б¶ȣȥٹҹεĶп֣žһȺǧطĹǡ
延ݵĹ
ƽ򲻻Ⱦƣ˪ȥͬǰһյºõĹ𻨲衣
龳£Ҳıֱ˵ĸоȴޱȵĳºͣ²ô˵ԱҲ˸оǳ
ʼգֻǼ򵥺䡣
δлʩ֮
Ϊ֪ƽ֮һ˵Ƕ˵ĽҲ㲻̫֮ѣɶԷΪ֮ʱѧٲ𾭺ͷ޹飬ȴƽˡ
Ӧõġƽشú棬ûа׵˼
ǷľԼӦҪȺˡ
û䣬˪ͿԼ˦һȺץȾƵˣͬƽԹ͵У
ƽһԣʱǳ棬Ƕòڣ
һ˶ĬĬѭžŨķȥ
Ȼ
ֵһŨľǸԶƽЩͷΡǰľ޵׶۶ˣֻѵҲͬ
ȻγһȺܺֵľһ⣬ϻвŮޡ
Ŷ˪ϳ٩໹ôŮϲ
˵ˣǰȫ½޵ĹС
ɵʿΨһĸģˣ޻ö֮޾ʹ˵¼ǱĺͼϣҲ֪ΪΣֵĴһֱǧꡣ
㲻þ޸ٱһǧѻƽ½Ҳε˪ԣಢҵ׶
úá
һЦۣ۶˭ԴЦһȱĪֲǸֻ֪ͨװľͷ࣬Ǻ˵ȥˣһ֡
Ϲʱ꣬ȫ¶Σţͷѹ֮Ȼ˵ʱʿûʽĺϼΪ£ƶۣݵһʱ¶ˮޣֱܿͬս顣
ôЩ꣬λоŰѣͲרһдϵĽȴδйһ׽İ£¶ˮԵҲδйޱ˵Щȣ˼ֱԺõ
סƵĽġ֣ĵһǧľӡ
ƫƫһһĹ¹ѣ˵ɼңİ¶йҲԵжôͻ
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˵ĻûߵϾһʱв˻֮ϵ㲻úã˭뵽ǻΪеսѣǧͬȾأ
ںĬĬƳ۲ԶƽЦһ˭˵ء
ڴʦԸĲأ
ںĿư죬һ䣺͡ɡ
ԶԿڲĵһ仰úôЦ
ںŭʲôЦģǸ˭㣡ڰ֮ʱݺݴһһܴúݣ;ţˣ
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أЩ޲Ŵµ˺ʵһ𣿡
ԷصѹûдĻˣͻΣһڰš
Ŷһֵ
Щ£ƽҲ̲ס¶Ц
Ǹ󷨼˵˭뵽ȻػһεĻᡣ˺գߴһ⣬
ɲǣ˵Ƕ˪ҽʦһǶһΣ
һƽֹ˱׷׾ƱԼƵģҪƽ˪ơ
˪ãƽһξƶմã㣬׽ļˣ֪˲ࡣ
ƽžƱԥƬ̡
ֱӾܾҲ˵ģɽǸǧѵõĻӣڻƮôЩ꣬ڰɨ˵ˡ
״æǰЦʲô˼лǶˣлǰɣҿɲⱭƵȡ
˳ƽӹƱȴ¡
ʲôһл󡣡
£˵ʲô˵ǰ𼱣ķݣȾһ
˵ãһɲ׼ں˵ţü΢˵ˣʲôľơ
໹ûü˵˱оһ˽֪ΪξһѰ׽ɫҶӣţٿȻ仯ͣվԣӹеľƱȡ
ʵǰڶʱ˾ʶʲô㣬תˣ˭ôİȴ忡ӣɴȤСѣΪΰȾƣѲɡˣ
ʵڲ˰ԣֻ˶߶йˣֻж˲²˴Ҫڲˣô꿴㶯ûУŶż
ڿ
ƽ֧ãҲ̧ݣЩ˵ʲô
ϣü΢һ˵Ҳˡ
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183 
֮ǰ㳤, ʱҲ΢ɽһò۵עĿȺǧǰѹ֪ʱ塣
һķԺ, ˱죬׷װԿƽĵƽ￴ôӣô氡
ƽﻥ˵Щ绰Ҳ˵ʲô˭˭Ĺֻǡ˭˭СĸΡǸʲô淨, һʱû, ֻЦһ⡢ͦáͦá
Ҳ֪
˵ǺܿģƽеľƱӹ, ѧģһ
⼸ѧϰѾѧúģķɫ˻Ŀࡣ
ƽҲ, Ͼؿݺһ, ͬ˴˸к, Ź˾ƵСص
֦ͷǰٹҹεĹ֮, Ϊڣеƺ̣ɢ˹ʱƵУ˾мů
ƽûн, Ժе£ݱǣ, Ҳԡ
ı΢ɽ֧Ļ, ݵƽĿܷ, ϴ˾Ҳмʱˡ
ƬİɫƻգŹȺһܹ˳죬ܹ޳ͬ˼ļž۵Ը
ຮĻ棬˸ط󣬾Ե÷顣
ֻϧƮ˼䡣
һֱƽĲͷݷ.ҡ£һ˲䣬ٶ۰ɫĻһ£ƽġ
ƽؿ仨Ƭ̣ҹɫ庮ѵһ̣ûδİţһôߣȫ̵Ĳ֣Լ˼֡
ʱ˿̣뵽Ψһ⾹ȻǡܺȾ
ƽŬţʶ岻٣ûĸȹơ
뵽⣬ƽĬĬתͷȥϸϸؿûʲôķӦ
Ŀţգգۣ忡ݵûа仯ͷҶȴۿɼٶȱ۱졣
֦Ҷҡţ޷ԶƺѾ಻סȸԾ飬СƲסԼҡβ͡
͸ıɫͫҹԵ˼֣һɫɾ
ɫƽǳģһͨ͸䣬˼κεֻڼʱ򣬲ŻᱻȼĹ⡣
ΪԼεúܺá
ƽһоһ̶зӵԶȥǰһ˼ܲܺȾƵ⣬ŵƬ̣˵Щ
ǱͲţѾĹˣɵݻԸЩ±Ǻཻ
ƽ̧֣ݵϣƿܵı䣬Ҳ£ɢ΢¶ȣ
ڷתţһʱڿ̫ˣҶѾȫˣײܿƣһҪʲô
˪пӳʱͻ촽һУӤϲֱߵһԳϲΪʶ׽ķʽ
˽һ֮ƽƳİڵݵļϣһֵָֻٽЩ
ӳ׻ңֻʣһͷڻص

ͨ˼鰮ȴ캶ҡСʳ⣬һȷеĴ𰸣ǰ˪һ仰ֲʱ˵ð˳Է˵ʱ֣ԥԥƻյⱲҲ¡
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ֻǼһףƽĴЩ
˵±Ҫߣƽǻ壬ֻܴ΢Ļ塣
о̫̲סͷЩͷСҡͷԵ˻ꡣ
Լ䣬ƺƽĵЦƺ˵ܺãܹԡ
˿佱ĵ׵øо絭ʱܵĵѪʶʱķ׳һͬʱ۶˲䵭նֻһ˵Ӱӳĵפ
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ļѹ£ŸЩȥЩʲôأƽεĵЦҧ
ͷһɰգԼ֪Ϊζ
Ψһ֪ǣԭԼ׵ôԭԼôϲ
ԭôϲ
뵽ݾ뿪ˡ
ȥ
ⳡͻǱλ֮ʹϡ
˪ԺĽ˻ȥһӦǱۣǶ˿һŸܲܽٿУôأעӰ죡
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һ꣬ѵط꣬ȻҲ⡣
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ƽԼˣϾŴӵﳢľζ
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˪ĸ˼򵥵ϯضȴӡ
ʳװͷ֡
Ǳ˴ԶԷϰģԼ߰ҾƣȴȲ˪ζ嵭ֻЩ׾ƹƣƽǸȾƵģǰҹȲ裬Ψع⳾Ŀζ֣ϲŨĵļ־ƻһȣȷع⳾ȴҲǸȲģƽһĽ
ƱǰȴˣⷬҲûκɨˣƽɨϵĲȣЩǼϲĿζһ֪ǳģӦȥҳæ
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׳ŵ߽һܵӣߵƽ˻м֮ңʱһȺܵӽŲͻȻͣסˡ
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˵꣬ź֪ʶ˲ݵҪСʦãϹʱھµ棬һʱЩסˣ֪˵ʲô
ƽǰŮ̻һŵĻͫ˸Ϊ˲ʻ̻
ʦ㡣ƽҺϲ
£ǰ˺һһɳͬȻҲǽԼ̫Ǹ˱ŵСʦ˵仰
תһЦ˰죬һСܵƽ¶˵˾仰ƽĿɿڴ
²ʶƽҲó˵ǡǰʦˣҪһӣԺҪҵĺ˵
ƽһЦ˳
δָӳÿ˵
գ׺ɣ̻˼䡣

һҹȥڵķΧδɢŨ
һȺÿڳ͹أѾ÷ǳϤֻżЩʣҪʲôʱܻ˼䣬ܿҲǰһͷ˹ȥ
ɼз֮ء
˪⼸С˽µһ̸
ʲôʱ˼䰡֮ǰǰţǼڹû𣿡
̫ˣǰ˵Ҫڹһץʱǡ
еŶ
˪ÿƽһŴȼմɫƷķǿ˽ӹ˼Ĵ
˪ɸ̾ڹƿ˼һС
ҲֻǼʿΪڹֻΪˡ
дȼվƽ˪
û˵˪ȴ֪˼
׼ȥˣ
š
ƽ˵еķң֪Щʲôʱˡ
Ҫ𣿡˪վ⣬ؿƽ˵ϴȥ˼ٹҹεʱ̫߻ܶʱȥ˼䡣
ȻػĻᣬȴҲûͻɹ飬޷޳ǲȥ˼ġ
ȥ˼䣬Ψһķ˼䲼÷ɳ߿ţ޶ݵ˼ͣҲ˼͹׳ƵİٹҹΡ
أǺú
ƽ̧ײ˪۵ף˪Ϊ֮һ
غù򡣡
ĿǰΨһĵطȻоǻ壬ȴǴĿǰΪֹһ
Щӣ˰ǵļʶвƬ׽һ˿ĵ׵ĲʺͿ־塣
ܸܵǧµĸԴڣڲʲôڿ־ʲô
ǵļΨһصֻһ񡱡
˪ݺݳ˿ãŹ򡣡
еƽĵӡҪϸ㣬նɸһֻЩɹܶѡ
֪Ҫʲô˪
ɽϣƽʶ壬˸һ
ҲֻǶѡ
ɵı屻УǴ
ĶɶԶֻǶʱ𵴣һʱ㹻ˡ
ƽ񽵿ŷɥֶ𲻵ãܹ͸񽵿ܽٶϤȴǳª곹
õģǶ
Ǹնݱ
ɵıһûб𣬴һղð
ֻҪ֪ɷȥΣյ飬һҪ֪
һ̣˪ƽдĲͷޱŵضƽ˵
֪ңþȫʶҲܽ
ƽܶصˣֻҪаʶϢ˪㹻ģ˼䡣
ƽЦһ۵͸Өı⣺ҴӦ㡣
ҾͰˡ
˪ڵͷ
ƽǰȥѾڵȺѾõϢܵװԼ.ȴŻص˼䡣
ƽǰԺеݵߵ£һͬ˼䡣
ɵһȴٳûг֡
ƽЩü˲ԡ
ֻҪܷݺܿͻ֣ʶע뵽ܷУȴ·ţ뺣ٳٵòӦ
ƽֵص૵ò˰ɡ
δ䣬ԺӰһգݳˣֻ״̬ƺЩԡ
üͷ壬ɫ԰ףǺ˵ģش
أɫԴʹؿƽҡûȥˡ
ʱ䵽ˡ


184 ج
⻰˵ûͷû, ҲֻƽԼ˼
ͷϣһֱһѽ
δ飬Ϊ֧Ļ, ꡣ
վʶȴϴĲȱһȱ磬ע, Щ, ΪݺͽͬıŵԴ
ĹӲдҲ޵ġ
Ѿ΢ɽǿ, Ҫֻ֣ǰδɹˡ
Ⲣǲɹ
ݱʹ, ʱ̱ȥ, ƽס
߬ƽ, ɫ԰ޱȣ¶˿ֽܷ, 촽£Щƣѵ˵ʧˣǸˡҪ˶ҵĸ
, ֻƽһܹ壺ԭΪҪɱ, Աõִ, ڿֹ, ͼı
Ӱˣɫͫȴɽᡭҵ㡣
Ӱ𽥵ȥʧ٣ֻ˿ܷΪҽ

ƽģģȴһɢˣԺеӰҲѾʧҰ׵չʹüۣ͸ĺ⡣
Ƭ̵ļžƽĿĳػؿ̶࣬ɨ౳ˡ
ˣ˼ȥ
˼䣬ȥˡ

ݣܡ
ʱ֣̫˪Ϫ΢䡣
ιø˪Ϫζϲʱɺֻ֮ЩԵɺǷӶʱ⾯ؿϪԵŮӣëһʧߴȥ
΢˪Ϫߣһֻ۾ƳɺףϧС㲻ڣɺ׶ȱ˵ζ
һ˴ӵѩȥɽ;ʧٵϢʱմѧûãźȥѩԭԼĵǣȴԡʱűҪڡɸȥҡ
̹˰£Ͽƽ±ƽѶϢŷ
Ȼ֪Ϊǻڹ򣬵հ˴ɹѧ˱Ѿ֪ŷɥֹСҹĵطǵѡ
ȻѵϳǱҲûʲôõĵġ
ֻµӽԲ٣ܻԵ̫Щš
˵Ļ˶ûС
㵹С΢䣬ͼӰһ֣𼱻ǵشܵ
΢ıֻ֪ʲôϢˣûʣӾѾƵĵ˳
ǲڱߵĵһ˴ˡ
ӵı棬ȫͬƽյĲ
΢ȻüɵԭԾ𣬵˵°մȾĻҳʵ˭ģϢ𣿡
һӵͷϢ⼸ڲƺ˾޴ıʣ˵ʹ󻤷ȥִһ󻤷ļȥˣ֪ΪΣȫû
ε⼸չ֪ʲôһղ磬аϵʹȫһַɢȥݣһȫĴѰһˣһֱ΢ɽȥ
֣΢üһ΢ɽѵҪ
ӳɫؽӹͷ϶һɡǱСɽȥġ
Сɽ΢ɽ
ڱϹʱӾԶԶʱĴ˵УؼΪɽ
¸ȴȱʱ΢ɽϵΪ֧ƵĽ
΢ɽ֮Ϲʱ˲ģ˽Сƣ֮١
΢ԫλصԫͨκľѪ㣬ǽͬʱ֡
Ѿã˲֪ܹ֧򣬽һա
ʱʧȥıǿ߿ģС罫Ϊ֮ǧвͣأֻڿΪļ԰û
΢ԫڵǵԤԳֺ󣬼ɼȫڵȣҲȫڴȴǵĳ֣ڴδܹ֧һʱĻĵǣԼҵ
˲ֻȴ΢ԫĳ˴ǵȲǣȴҲȫԴС
˼ȫСɽᡣ
δ֣ǻСɽϣѡϵʺϳΪǵˣǿͬϣ֧ͬĻΪΪġǡ
ǵȵ˵ǣ΢ԫ֮УСɽλ֮ʱ
СɽڼͻȻ֮٣Ρ
̶Ƭ̣΢йͷüʵҵ˭
¶ЩıǸİ֣ҹס
΢ʣоķ̸Уһǿűµڷ̣¶ĺɫ
΢ü΢жЩԾԾԵ˷ܣԸټڰϵĵӣ֮һפţƻɽ֮ߡ
ӵӦüĿࣺǡ
˵꣬Щģ˾䣺ʦ㣬ҪСİ
΢ЦӵԴλѾΪξǿͻȻֲСʱˣôͷ
Ȼи׵źһӲ׵֮ȴǾܹѵģһ±һӵʱ˼ᣬδչغԶε㳲°ϵĵӣѡʺϳսѡ΢ǰ
ת˾󷨵ķ棬λ֮Ųһת󣬽ٶµһ΢ָĿĵء
֮λξʦҲɫ԰һ麹૵ǰ漰ȫĵĴʹǸˡ
վ̨ܸ֮ϣشÿӶ
ܵԽȫ½սʱ״̬
Զĵӷչڡ
ͣһģеӵҲ֮ͣһģ̶ðδй֣
죬Ҫˡ
΢ŴܵӸϵݱͬԼݵĽ紦Ǹϵ֮ʱڿһ˵ɱ
ⳡɱ¾ҹ˾֮ʱʼ
ϵȫ벻ʲôʱԼˡˣ׽֮˾ѾֻһϤǣȴѱ滻ߵ񽵿ܡ
ⳡɱ¾ϢȴֺƺƵ
˵ǿ£Ϊû˻Ҳǧǰ񽵿ܸĴѵԵʡ
ڰУļ˾˱УĿź֪˰˴ȥ
ϣ߾λ۾۷ĺ⣬ʹ
ⳡͻɱ¾񽵿֮ǧǰĴĿʼӵĵһա
֮ļıΣһλŭǿߣһδֵһ䣬½ĳ
꣬ͻȻĲп¾ô˴ֲڳνбʧء
ǧج֡
򡭡Σôأ


185 Ұԭ
ҹ絶, ߶ϻꡣ
񽵿зź⣬Ӧµ壬ǻܷӳõʵ, 󲿷ֶǷˣʿҲ಻ĵСطǷӲʵȴҲ㹻
͵֣һǲñе, һṩƤҵ, ˵ףҲû̫֣֮ûɻ
һ½񽵿Ϊް, ԭµĵɽ
ǧǵһαǲ½硣
ް½ЩʲôҪģ, ½Щ˱˵, ֪Լôġ
ΨһҪĵ˽
˵, ǧǰ߶ǸŮ˵
ް̽һۣҹɫ, ʺѪɫ
ɫıи߾٣׵Ůȥⲻ
ܵɴδŭⳡŭ, ͱѪƽϢ
ްĿ⺮кݺݴڴ˯Ůˡ
ҹ, ⳡʢ硣
Ʒ, ƶŮϵ鷢
ްЦʢ, ɾһ˲䣬еļͣŮ˵ؿڣѴӵرʵ֦Ҷȫס
ްסˣⲻ֪Ӻζ֦ҶֻҪƤо.嵽ľʱ޻ֵ
꣬ٿȻһӰڵҹĿƵؿ¶һĿЦʳָ
ްδӦ̱ӵص֦Ҷø͵ñ⡣
еĺӰ˱磬˯Ůⳡбš
ްקȥʱʶ˲ԡ
вıСϾӰܶļʵ֦Ӵ͸ڰ趯һһͬгϼɱ
ҶҶӼһóᱻ絶ҶƬ.֮УһѪۡ
ްزЩ֦ˣһߡ
ͷһ˿ŸС
ΪΣΪʲôֱܹߣ͵еǵ
Ӱۼһ֦ҲЩ񽵿ܾۼһ
΢¹⣬ްڿΪ֮˵ӡ
ǸŮޣһϯɫۣīɫɿ˸٣֮һɢҹɫ֮Уͬȡ
ôްȵΪ
֪͵н׶֣Ůɢѹ磬Ҳһס
ްޱ𺳡
˵ٹ͵飬深࣬һⶼͬһжϡС
͵ˣ඼ǳС
ľ׼жϣ͵󲿷ֵһֻڳǻн׶ɼ
ŮػߵǰŲڵϣȴûз죬˫ͫ
һްš
΢Ƭ̣ое̣ЦȻ
ʸãԶѡ
ްǵĴ֮
ĿɨԼϽס֦
΢Ƶ˵Զ֪ǴĵĹء
΢ĿƮƮģȴôްƤιʹС
ǴоϻΪ
Ǹ֣΢ҧøλأ·һ־档
˵ˡ΢Цָ֦£üڡƺûʸͬҽ
ްһ
ȫ֪֦ôץģ궼޷
߽ٵ˽磬Ʊǣ.⵽Ļٻǵ겢ܵĴشҲֻ𵴵ʱ䳤̶ѣǰ.ɺúõĴţܵκӰ졣
ΨһܹԽ.ɾ޴ģΨһˡ
Ϊʲôųν磬ͻȻһȺˡ
ް˼⣬˼ؿ΢ĵŮҲһͷС
Ƭ̺󣬴ްЦһʧ㣬Σ
΢˸Ƭ̣δ˵ްѾ֪Լʧܣ⣬۶Է˵ʲôҲһҪ߿ȥ
ɱң޷ǽץϸֶĥһʱհˣҲ¸㣬ɴ˵ӡҲκα顣
ް˵꣬Цſ΢ֵ벻һ͵磬ȻҲȫȻԼͬѪ֮£㽫Һ.һͬ𰡡
΢ĮȻ̧ѹͳɱƾն
γЩ.񽵿ܵһʧ
У߽ٵһ̣ԭе˾Ѿɢ·ˡ
΢ͷӿֳһƱȻܽȺץסţٲ
ǰ˵öԣҪֹһУֻнԴնϡ
ްǰŮ޶ΪЦǽԼȥܹеӡɴ˲顣
û뵽ǰŮ̧˲䣬ɱ⡣
һƣ£ĳϸСĺɫһ
һ˲䣬ްͷһֵֽĸоëȻ
ûüɾֵɣоסԼ֦ʼ̡
̵ĸо·ҰڿҰ֮˲Ϣԭһʰ
ಣ
ҰСȼգһһܰһ֮С
ްܵһĵʹȼƺҪϤڻ
Ϊǣ귢˼ʹУռ.
ץסĽڷзΪ˺ѷεĿ޺֮һڿž쳹ʡ
΢һǰܵӱѪս׼δ֣ۼ֤¶һĻ
ްκһ֣ⳡĻ֮Уɢ
ͬȺ̷ط
üĵӡڳҵĻԣվӣȺΪ޸ǵһפڶϷĳ
ģʳλӢ˶꣬ȴȻӵ˻ʣȻڷ̨ϡ
ʳߵĽܹ֦ӵرչż̵Ĵһצץסʳһ滻оӵǡ
һƺһ񣬽еѪڸڵҹѰټ
Ժǧѧѵһҹδ֮ȫԴŽһڻʳǸ
˻ʷһƵ̾Ϣ
ٺɻȴʢ
ⳡ𼸺ձݣѩǳɫͫӳ⣬ںĺ֮УЩªʹ
磬.ͬһʱֳҰɫУʿĻͬʱϨڴл۳ɷ̡
ص˳׻ˣˡҵһصƵ֮ϡ
ҹⳡŴÿһѶϡ
·ͻپ֦֮ϣڵصչճԭ֮ơ


186 ظ
˻صŵʱ, ֮˶΢ߣΪռŵʱ
ߴ󷨾ܵĻɽ, ת֮£һټΡ
˻ڵĵһʱ䣬ͱ񽵿ץ
˱ӵ黪ʱûзӦ
лýʵʵ̧ͷײʹļ׵ı飬ãȻʦ, Ϊץǣ
Цһǵ, Ǿײռ״ӵ, ҴܵɽţҪ۵ģ
˫Ŀ죬ͷ֮֮
˶δĶ, ֻһ, ȫûˡ
ˣ
ʲô˲õ¡
ָ̧, οµѹƷ£ȫ۾
лæߺ, ͼԼСʦңǸǰһ뿪Ȼţ
Ӷһ٣üɵȥѩԭô򣿡
˵ˡ鼱֮, лæʦҪǵ֤Լݣ
ʵû㶯, , ⼸Ѿ񽵿, Ƕ֣ʦУ˲˼˷ֺֻһٳѡ
ǵ.Ҫŵģһоء
лô˵ͷĻЩɨһˣڽһ̱ӵпļ䣬Ҫʲô취֤Լ
ãȻ޴룬òңû뵽һؼҾȻջôĴ̼
˽ʾ֭Ƭ̣ͻȻлʦܴӡ
л
ؿһ˵ܹȡлʦܰѵصӴҪģ
ӣ
ָһ㣬л΢΢ɿЩлȡշɳӾɿˡ
˵öԣܴҪֻһ
ֵǿʱ
ƽ³ؿԼžţ૵Ƿʲôˣ
⸱ģֱһ١
һѾ黪֮Уⲽչ֮ʱȵ΢̻Ļ
˲ˣÿ϶д𺳣δǳĶǵĻ֮л
ˡӸæӭȥһ겻ϵģôǣ
΢δһɨƽϣ¶һЦˡ
ͣ£ֵû¾ͺá
˵꣬΢ɨžԡ
ǳʱˣʱȷʵҲˣɶ˸죬˸ƽ
΢ûϸΪһֻüʵСʦأ
һ˶סˡ
̫ĬĬ˺̫ʦʡ
̫ʮֲƳƽλʦ㣺ʦ˵ɡ
΢üͷЩʵСʦóˣ
ƽ˰ΣεҲǳ¡Ҳ㲻
һʱҲݡ
΢ЩͿ΢лظ壬תʵ˵ǰȻţѵƽǰˣ
һ룬õҲϾĸŮֿãҲ֡
ƽ֧֧˵¡ҪʦáǰԸ˵ɣ
΢üͷһ黪λ£Щƣ⼸µľԭԭظҡ
ɨһۣ˶в̶ͬȵΪ
ΪǸѾƾıԵ
еٶȣ
⼸£
ƽµͷ뿪ӵѩǰɽһ˵
;·ռѷԪռʱ΢ıѾ̫ÿˡ
̶ǽ뵽˱һǧǰɽʱӵıһ
ƽ½˵΢üģصǻˣһͬУ
Ҳ̲סЩ
С⼸µľδҲ̫ˡ
ƽһ侲ʦ֪ܾȣȱȡ
滹и顣
΢ȥü˵
ƽ˵ڽߣ׿ڳ˵ʱˡ
ߣ
Ӵʱ˿̵ıƺ޲óȥͷɽֱײײǰøߺһһеκУվǴˡ
̽͵ǣҲǡ
΢
Ը񽵿ʱûôۣȺС˵еۡ
¼΢˱ⶳɽ۵һʮŸϹʱӢңԼֵལʱеľȳ׿Ʋס
ࣿӾལţ
ƽµͷ֮ʦûལȴҲɸǰɴ֣һѣһǰڹűǰ
ˣи˽ᡣ
΢ԽԽס
ãȻΪƽܻལ
ƽ¶סˣסĬ˰죬һض˵
Ϊʦþǰ
ǰıƽ


187 
һ˼׹ʱĵһӦɡ
ʱ˿̵΢ӡ
΢Ĭ˺ð, üͷԽԽ˵Ǿȣ˵ǲ⡣
Ҳ, ԼСͽܺԼг羴ĴͬһʱҲٶеԻ
һЩˣСƽµ£˵öġ
ƽ¼һص˷Ŵӹ뿪ͬƽֵʱ, ڰܵƽǰ, Сʦǰһ£ʦ֪𣿡
Ǹ, Բй¶ȥǰԸǣѾǶǼ, ȻܹΡ
, ƽѾ˼άǳΪ, һһ֪µһ˾ȻһΪķ., ҪֱӶѾ벽ɵֻҪǸСķ.֣ܸش
ȴҲʦڹ, ʦһӣĿȾ, Ȼ֪ʦǰĳ羴֮ж
ƽʳ仰ͿʼԼȡ, Ŀջ, ƽν԰
ƽɣƺԼĴܱȥƽµͷûϵģзִ硣
ʱ΢΢ЦıƽֱӴסˣڻö΢΢ȡ
΢
ô¸֮ͿʼͻȻ졣
ڱƽ£ƽ²һӦ飬˵ӡ
֮ǰƽǵ۾Щص㽲΢΢ٶȳĬƬ̡
΢ȥ黹򶨣ڳӶ˽΢߬־֪΢ܾ޴Ĳ
˰нһ񣬱˴жһ˿ֻ
ԭ΢һڻߣʱҲͬʧ̬
΢Կص΢˵ӱǳ׵ʧ̬ˡ
Լ˼֣ٴҪ̳ȥһͷײɽϵĳ嶯
Ĵ󺧣ĵҶǰǰ˵Щʲô
˵ԼŮǸ˭µŮ
ӱ˼֣ͬؿĿһʦ壬ʱʦҪǰΪͽʱֹʦ˵ϸƵ˲ʺϵͽܡ
ⲻλεİָʱǰǷ
ӱֻҰ˲١
ʼɿ˼Լ˵Щʲô治Ļһ³
ѹֿգΨƽܹɽĵӡѹʦ㻹ҪΪϤǰĹֲϹż֮ʱǰһ˵ӻ
һвǰ㣬нͣ
ӰղѣʱմմϲʦƷ˸ܺϹϵ
ڡֹǴϹϵ˼ǰԼԵˣͽ
κͽƻԼֽġ
΢ĬһδƽЩġ
ڣ΢ͻȻ̧ƮƮɳһŴ
ϴնɻնɸ֮ʱ򷢸ǵĴ滹ӡǡ
ɿȼ΢¼СֺΪҽ
Ҫ̣ٹ顣
΢оЩӲ
ܺã˼Լˡ

նɻҪԱǵܣ䲻ƽǰ㿰񼼵ȫռλӰ֮سɴȴҲ㹻ǿ
ѧΪڣ޽նɸĿռ䡣
΢ϵʱնɻԱѾ˸߰˰ˡ
¸ƺڶ̶̵µʱͺչü˲Ľ飬µҰţЦЩ¡
ħ𱧱۰ضһԣ˭ҲԸ
īҹȻؽ࣬ĿȻؿգ֪Щʲô
λԣڴڵλã׳ĬԵ
к΢ȥ·֮ʱϢºس΢⡣
һжԵñ⽩Ӳ΢Щˡ
սЩеʵʲôˣǼСӰȫȥ𣿡
΢ͷӦ
ɴʱƽ˽ŲЩ٣ߵЩߴٵЩ
˵Ŀⱻȥ׷׺ڶ˭˵
ܿ죬⴫ʵһ˿ǳǳĵЦʵȴЩˡ
֪ˣĹֻж̶̰£ھֿʼʹˡ
˪һؽӻʹ㣬ܽʹ𡣡
εЦ
ƽһתµʮ˫ֱ˫ۣͣ£֡
ǵͬ飬ʵҲϳԱˡ
ڸձ紵˵С
ΪĿĲʵպȻЦۣ޴Ľϻ
ѰޣǱ为бϻģҲǳխӣصĽϻ
ƽΪնŽרƵĽϻϻĶ̶תᣬԱܹȡκһѽ
Ȼڽϻǿյģϰߣϲ
ڳİˣǧǰսѡ
Ҳδɫˬʵࡣ
īҹֱض˰κҼǵ㡣
ȴ֪Լͬλʱ˻Ľ
īҹҡͷֵҼǵĽ⡣
ǲīҹƽȴˡ
򴽿࣬ٶӵѩؾѾõĴš
ҹѩԭʧֻҪѭ¹ķ򣬱ѩԭϵػָҵ·
ǧʧȥǵجĶȹ
ڿʧȥʶ˵Ҳ̻ѩԭ֮ϣÿǵ
֣޲Ȼ
Ϣĳֻһ˿ȣµ֮ϵӰͻȻʶչ¶ϹʱľһƳϹʱΪҫǣǳϹʥˣͬʱǰ
˸ʱ˶ּ֤ʷ𺳸С
ͳϴ˸кϣС¥Ƕڣá
罻ֲƵĳϹʱһ˸кƽҲûֱֹӽ⡣
ҸоصӶڷ̡
˱һ࣬ˢˢ˵¡
Ϣɫ΢ҹԼ񽵿ܽڶݻʳǣΪԼΣҲԪӤʳǷڶ࣬ӼʱȼգֻҪ֡
ϢʵǰǼӣΪܹȼ׳۵Ļ棿
ƽû˵ΪͷѪģЩӱעȻӵл
δ𣬿һڣָһס
ǰЩӣɽͬɽˡƽʱգֻдüǿ
Լǰʱƺһ̣Ϊ֮ɫ䡣
ԭͬɽˡ
ȵȡ
˴󺧣ͬɽˣΣ
ƽֻǳ䲻һѣá
˲Щʧ
УպСɽᡣ
˲֪ΪͻȻἰСɽᣬ׷׿ֱܿ˵ڶס
Сɽȫȱλ
ƽһܣ΢ЦСɽ֮λ֮Ƶľٴ롣
λ𣿡


188 Ҫ
, ĵĸ顣
λû֮ǰǶСɽᶷһ׼һƶת, ΢ԫĵһ˵һһӦ飬Ӧϡ
ڳΪĵܣһ꣬еһǿ
ˣ⸴ʱ֮ĳλɹ, ٶЩ, һ
ҲΨеóϷ
˷׷ױ⣬ϿҵǰΪ, ҵķڷ
ƽЦ£ѸӦԼǵݣɫȱ¹λǼ, в֪, Կ϶, ܿҪ̫ƽˡ
õӣһֿ, ԳʱҲͬʱеӡ
ƽָڶ䣬ͣƬ̣˸
һɽµ, ̵˳˵沿ֱ˶ȴڿҪǵ˷˿֮ʱӲס
ⷨƺǷ, ˼΢΢ü, ·Щ, ĬŵһգЩӣǵĿȨֱתС
õӵĿȨûа˷ܣͷء
ǿûʮİգָúȥδӡ
ֻһԡƽƬ̣λʱս׼
ͷһ࣬Ӳס
뿪£˼仯ֻ࣬ҹҲ˵꣬˶ֻص㣬һҲѾٽҹ
ҪɢʱϢȴͻȻ˸⡣
ǰϢͻȻڴĴѲһˣΪҹף֪˭
ƽĬΣס
ϢȻʵǷҪ
ƽ£һʱ䣬ĳֻĹ⣬նһӵϡ
ҡ
̧۵һƬ⣬һҹ˪ҷء
ҪĶ˽ȥҡ
ԣһ
ӦҹףǰЩ
δŹҹ֣ҲϹʱǧܹмʷĺУݡ
ʱֻѰΪҹ׵ͬǰĳֹǰ
ֶΣڽ֮вټԼ֪ٴΣҲû¡
˳ɢԭϹʱԡչü˶µС
Խüָҹסţ
ЦһɽʧܺԴ÷з͹ҹ׽Բ֪ȥ򣬺ź͹׼ʥȥ
ٺɽ˪Ҳʧ٣ʥȥͬչü϶նɸн뵽ε˭뵽һǧ꣬ˡȴ˻š
ɽٵʧù죬ʱ˰дǷڲ⡣
ɱ֮£˶ڵ˭Ҳûоϸ롣
Цһǽˡ֪˵ʲô
չüڵű㣬¹ϣһƬҰף׻ƽʵΪʲôҪץҹף
ƽüģɵ࣬ڲ֪١
ࣿչüšü˼Ѿǿ󵽰ҲκӰ𣿡
ƽҡͷɽع⳾󷨺ʶ޷룬ᾡȡࡣ۸оʧȥ࣬һǧΪٶȱࡣ
ҹ״ǿʲô
ƽȴĬ
ʱеľŵ˰ǵʶ֮С
ǵļʶ̫ӣŻɵɵʶŰԼǧǹ¼ŵ࣬ʳɽϵǵΪӵļ䡣
һϤһƽǿҲҪһϸϸֿ
µĳ˿룬ڽɵʶµӡ
ȷʵǸǳǿˣʵڴĵǶԣ֮ΪɣȷʵΪ
Ҳ֮󣬿ʼʶΪǧʱ磬ǸĴڡ
£ǧ磬ǿ˴֮ɽ
ģûǧֻǧ֮вǸͨ硣̺ǧ֮УȻҲǿģЩǿ磬Ǻ֮и貵ӡ
ν޷ǽ֮У˵ʵ˽ĳܼޣòƿնȥȥǿ硣
ôպãǾһ
ĳδֹߣ⣬ƿշǿˣϽȱȽǡ
ʵȻ
ʵܹǿ󵽽ƾƿһȥһ磬֮ĸ磬Ѿٮٮߡ
صʶҲڽ⿪ƽһ
ΪʲôҪô
ǧǰշִıΪķӡΪӶʱΪֻҪͨķʽ
ɵǸ˵֮ġɡľ֮ʱʶԶûԼǰ򵥡
ɵľ磬ѾҪĶѻƿس̶ȣԲ塣
⼸ɵһʶ֮Уʶڡ
Ѿͣڡɡ̫ˡ
Ѿ㵱һˡ
Ҫ
Ϊ֮ϵߡ
ļƽԺ֮н㡣
ʶвһĿҹҹɫ֮еһչ¶ʱͲع⳾ĳԼһ档
նƳնɸʱع⳾ͼ˼·󣬸ȴȻͨ͸
ƽվڵԡ¹⡣
䣬ļ棬еϢ
ûγɶĽѾͬһʵ졣
ع⳾Ƕʱռ㾡УŴնɸһѰ붼統һʼͲֻǸ
óŷͼع⳾Ӧ£Ҫһͬ죬˲ٰ֡
ͺع⳾Ѿϵд˾١
ڣס
ɵʶ֮УصǸܡ
ҪҪ롰ˡԾΪ֮ϵҪһ
֡һ硣


189 Լ
ƽܾ֮ǰ, ع⳾˵츳䱦Ҫúʹ
ƽ, Լڿռ֮ϵ츳Զˡ
Ѱ˰֮ʱسɴ磬βλӰƾ֮ʱܹ
ʶɹ֮ʱƽѾܹĶ֮, һϦ֮ɵ
, ع⳾ʱҲһûǷڽ֮ȷ֮٣Ҳ첻նɸ
ԭʱع⳾˵츳, ָ
ɲ츳ôҪҪƾӵһ, ֻʣһ·
ƽЦ, ڵһϯض, û˵
˪ǰһһҷǳûظһϯض
¼˿λںϡϹʥĴּܼ翿һ, ˼Ե
˵ΪʲôҪôأ˪˫ֳ˵Сʲôﲻ˵
չü, ֮ζȵ㹻ߣ۶Էʲô, , Ҳ˸ƲĳС
˪˵, ˶ûзӦڱƹƽࣺ㵱ʱΪ벻
˫ִԺһɣ˼ԼЩʱֻǵǸû˵Եġ
£ĿƽĲգʵ˵𣿡
ƽĬΣֻǵš
ŵʱɽٳȷʵҹйأȴδɹҹк֮ġ
֪ҹµڶҧϿڵԭ򣬾ʲô
Ҫҵ
˪Ŀһ˲ȴѻ졣
࿿죬̾Ϣ㣬˭ҵ
ҹ׵ѪһּǿϹޣӵѪ츳
Ѫ츳ǹġ
ƽԤУЩʲôص¡
˪Ŀһ˲ȴѻ졣
˲ٶԣȴ˶Է˼
պСɽᣬƽڴʱ΢ɽԼ֪ǰ·
ˣȻΪغú󷽵ɽӡ
һҹ罥˪ɫ庮ͷ
ƶתɽ

Сɽٿĵգ֮Ѿȫµʿܵˡ
ѾǰӣʿҹϵſŸЩ߸ϵĻⳡСɽͷѪһ
δϣСɽᵱ죬򼸸ţܡͽԺٱݵĺ壬Nݵңݻʳ⣬ħϤϡ
ںܶ˻ûʶʱЩȲ仯ǣѾ˱ս֮С
ɱȫɢ
׼ֵɵۣǸ̾
ֳ΢ɽϵסѾȫˣƣһСѰ
֪ʿ͸¶λдԲһ򵥵ĵʽ
ǲòλܾһ£ǵǣδ֮ˣһֱ΢˵ʵһġ
ܵ˵΢ⱲΨһ˾ǰ¥ϲҪ𡣡
أǽ޲ˣʱôûӰˣ
ȫԱսУšУǽǰϹûġ
λ֪ĽӵĻӵĺؾѾʼƫ³ʾ䡣
ʲô˼ҪˣҾ˵̫ƽЩطȫЩҸϽ
¥ϱˣħڱսˣ˼ӵѣรɡ
ô£Ķ̫ˣǰЩһ𲨼ȫģȴûһˣ֮ǳмȫ֪ĳ˯֮У˻Ƶģˡ
Ҳˣڶ챻صɹԴˡ
˵Ҷʼˡ
ƽʱ̹עϵϢȻۣǵʵʦ𣬱սϢй¶ȥ᲻׼
΢赣ģ֪ҲȺϵ¡
˵϶֣ԼҲһЦ
ʱЩ߸ϵǿǧǧϣܹӶ
ǸԽԽɺܿһ۵ӳ֣Ѹռ˵ע
Ѿδ֣
նɻ᣺δһʱܻᷢսµӦ԰취
λĶݣʧ˺
һдž·磬ɽķΧʮλɢ޾ͽǰŽ뵽ڣԱ㱣ȫ
Բ޴ţɾͽǰǣפɹԱӻ
κεط.¶ڵرϵơѹʯʱ佫ƻ
ģڣҪ΢ɽԲκ
壬ʿԸսϵѧˡ
δȫֽѱ΢ɽλƽ
һģٲ
նɻᾴϡ
ԣصʿɫ˲һ䣬ûüȥնɻ᾿Ǹʲô֯
ԭȻɫƺЩδǰ·Լãľ
ܿ죬Ӱ紨ѸٵӷɢۣӸߴȥһȺ᫵رӳڵĳߣȻСȴᶨǰƶţһһ
꣬һ֮С
ԭֻмʱŻֵļ֣֮ܵС
΢նɻ᣺Ը򹦳ɵؿգ̤
硤նɻ᣺Ը򹦳ɵؿգ̤

¸նɻ᣺Ը򹦳ɵؿգ̤
Ϣնɻ᣺Ը򹦳ɵؿգ̤
ⳡȴ׳۵Уƽ֪
˿Ѿͽ΢ɽ֮ۡ
ߵľ
ݡƽԼ


190 ȱ
һ, ƽٸܲݵĴڡ
Ͻ˽ôãʵѹûеĻڡ
΢ɽԭеסΪ˰ȫȫֳ΢ɽԲڻ, ﶼټ֪ǲǸܴܵ˵ſռķΧþòɢ
ƬŨƣǰ, , γһ׵Ŀռ䡣
£Ӧûŵʱ䡣
ƽȻ׾ߵ˾
΢΢Щ֪ʱݵ״²á
һ̤뾵Ũ֮, ٴܹʱƽͫ͵һ
ϴ״ӵϴǴν뵽ʱ, ˾, ɽ, ɾ
񡭡ֻһƬߡ
ĸʼĺɫ, .¶ڵرĸϵۿɼή࣬ܵĿݺɫԭȵرֲΪĿʼݽߣռֳһ־׵, ·һϢ
ƽһԲĬߵ, Ὣ, ̶üġ
ͷڿ, ڸܵһ˿
̾ĵݵʶƺʹֺ࣬ĳطܶӦƽ̽һ˿΢ĻӦ
ƽͷ΢һЩ
ݻڣҲǿܹ֧ȥ
ӦǶĸϵֽţֱֳȾ״̬
ʱ䲻࣬ƽޱͷųչ𽥽ľǣ̶ԽŸңԶȥ𽥸סƬĻ
֮УкʱԭΪסƬա
֮УڴĵĽ򷢳΢ɵĹ·յ˸١
ƽòпع⳾ǧǰܵݣͽ.˽ı֮УܺͽںϵȻ
ƽ.Ź㲩ɽںϣ.ߣ֦ǿչ.Ȧ֮Уܵı
ƽεǧǰ𣬴ĵͲȱȫشƴһߵķʱŽ͹·첻Ĳȱȴͣڣɵò
ʹع⳾ȱȫʲôΪλȱ
ʱ̤֮·ã˼άִͣΨһʱûиı䣬ʶع⳾ֻһЦǿˣΪǿһʱͻˡ
鶼ˡƽ૵ع⳾ˡ
껺֮У̶磬ǧĽϡ
΢΢ţ·ں
ȱȫѾѵر̫ãڳƣάϵ
ˡ
ƽ˵ţһԾۻ껯һ׹⣬ݺݳ˽֮С
һ̣ʶ·׹޺
ˣĲȱ֮
ǹ


191 սʼ
ʶݵĺڰ֮С
ٶȻָת֮ʱ, ۺƽһȫͬ硣
ǳмͷǹ콻֯ڻһŲ͵ľ, ǹµزһӼηֲÿһǹ֮ϣӴǹżռգԵĶɽȥ
ƽûκεȴڿ, оԼƮƮ, ·ûκεʵ壬⾲֮ɵƮ
ƽŲƽ֯ǹŵмλãһжԶ, ƺֺܽ·ֻҪһ֣ܹߵǹ, ϵӡ
Ҳȷʵôˡ
, ָᴥǹ, ûвͷųһ, һΪղɵİ˵һԺ֮С
ղǸƽƽķˣʿûʲôͬľûʲôͬѰ, һƽط·ϵһᱻκע⵽
κһũķһ, ճ, Ϣ, ÿи̤ʵϸɵ˸ӡ
ʮ꣬ڷ˶ԣǸ̵һԭҲͨ
һͨ˵һ
ղɵ˷ƽ۾ѭǹ߱һҵǹϵӡ
ӶҪСЩŻްĻңҰ׵ʯмӣȥЩ
ԭѾȥˡ
ƽţֻһǹߡ
ʶÿһǹĶһ˵һƽĶСģָⴥǹʱûдκεĲ
һΪݵŮʿʿʱԱ۵ľĽ뱱ǱеһԱ츳㲻øߣƫխڿϳԿ࣬޿ǱĿɮԲԽߵԪӤڣҲСгɼһҲʺѡ
ƽδ̤֪ټ󱱳֮лһӡ
ȷ֮ⷽУÿһǹ춼Ŵ֮һһĹ켣
֮Уӣ˸ţʻţѾ
Ƶž֮䣬˶ǰ
ƽ˵Ĵ

˼Ƭַ̣뷨
翣ĮƽȵظܿܿǿҲţȴʿĤݵ֮
ʵģֻԺ֮гֳ״̬
֪ļ޺ͱ߼ʣֳ̬
ƽ֯ǹ֮УȴЩͬڸղƽͨرǹ졣
ƽͷϵһ
żǳɫǹһɫ͸ĿУѰĵǹҪܶ࣬ƽȻ£ԼĪƿ
дһǹ߶ǴɫɫĻ䣬ԵΪۡ
ƽʶһ˾͸ŸǹŶ
ⷽտƹƽ΢СͬһǵɫľңԶ·һ޷ɸʶһȻֻһ˲֮䣬ƶǰ
СĵָָɫĻ
һ΢ķдָ·һ紵ɵشָ
Ƿ硭
ƽȻ
ǴĹ
ڴ˿̣ȫ¼ͬһʱ
ͻĿôһ⧲ĸ׽סԼСĺӣ±ߡ
΢ɽеľֲȫһصҶפ΢ɽ֮ڵãȻ̧ͷ˵յӣ硣
ܡפ΢ɽѾ˵֮⣬פͨ΢ɽ֮
פͷƽɫ
ԷֻҪжˡ
Ⱥ΢ɽΧ񽵿Ҳû뵽ǵȫ̼ƻδʼͱͻһ籩¶м
ѦǰǶ𣿡
Ѧǹ΢ɽжָӣǴǶ
Ѧʼռǵãɴ˵Ҫ
סǶȡǻٵ
Ѧ尴˰üģȻҪ֤ٽ߱ٵҪ鷳һЩҲǲ
ְɡѦĮȻһȺ϶ѡ
פ΢ɽȺӣΪߵǸҲ񾳡
ԣΨһ磬һʿ֮·ߣԿϡ
񽵿Ƿ׷¶˷ܵɫ
ǾЩˣͲˣˡ
˵Ǹιȵ񽵿ܣ֪еĺֹ߷·𶼷·κεĺۼԶȻƮ˶ߣܽŵ
Ѧ򵥵ĵͷмʮ񽵿ӰһɢƵ΢ɽȥ
΢ɽ񽵿㲻϶࣬ȴľ񣬱Щ½ٻȫӦ߶ԣҪǿöࡣ
εɱ΢ɽѹ£ͷһ衣
ղͻһɢɽƽᵽԿеĶ⡣
ܵµģ˻صפڲµӣҲս
ǣ
ƽͷлһһ磬Ĵָƣʱʡ
ġС߰ˣſɢȥķΣЮɱŭն£նĿҰ
Ұ֮һƬ̹;ԵĶޡ
ƽһƾն£ӲѪ֮ϡ
͡
ǽѪ졣
˾ȵؿƽ佣֮һްӰ𽥸֣罦һѪ
ƽ¾ƾԼҰްֱҰ֮նһóĵˡ
ս
ԷնкĿ¶ŭ⣬Ӱٶʧһ֮ѾԾǰ
񽵿ΪֲΪԼĪڻ񾳣񽵿֮㲻øߣʤڹ죬ó䰵ɱ֮
û뵽Լһ־﷭˴
פ񾳵ӣΪ׵ǰøƾƽ£ҰͽαԪӤһӣл˶УͬҲƵϾ񾡳
ƽնУӰӰȴδɢ
˶֪Ӽҵսºܿ졣
֮ϣţͬĬȺ
ӰŸǺŻ۶ȥŵĻɽϤϸ·гƬĴĢһڱͷء
ͬɢޣʹ˼󣬱սµĵһߡ
ѧ֮УѾδۡ
ˣѧնɻͬһ壬նɻеǿ߼㳲ԵսΪʵ΢һȴҲԼս
һӴ󷨡
ⷽ󷨵һͬӴķ֮ϣΪΪӳ
Ӵķƽɽͼķ棬ֻûɽͼǰֻܣǱȽίرһӵĴС
΢͵ɽͼ֮ϣ鲼ŻƽֱŤƣʱвս֮˱֣ᷢÿһƣһս·֮ء
㴨𣬵΢ɽϲʮﴦСӣפء
΢ɽ΢ƽԭɽڵݱ߾ߣɱͬ
Ժͬͬʳšü˼˲
뷨𣬺۳˼Ƭָ̣Ÿһб·ƶѩԭķӳ뵽ݵķ֮ϡ
һƽķֳʮӦնɸʮλսǿߡ
УΪ˵ɹȴδսΨ˪һˡ
λҽʦ֪ʱѾ뿪նɸûиκ˵ԼȥδֻһдšȥˡҲû˵˭
֪Ҳûʡ
ڲϱ仯ӦŸصڼս֮Ʋϵת䡣
һУֳ뵽֮Уһһָ
Ըսɢָ֮¼뵽ս֮У֧ԮÿÿüʱÿطҪ
֮УҲоͷѡ
뵽뿪ǰɣۻ
ȻֻǳЦЦԸƲϰοĿǶ˵
ܶΣҸع⳾ôġֵ̯նɸȫԱսûָܵӹٰ
ģǱԿ´֮Ӱɡգգۣ
ܣҲܡ
һ֮úķڷɽ
۲̾Ϣ治ؾʡ
ôҽҪһսָȨȫһԪӤСС


192 һһ
ع, 飬һж.İƽǰ
е׳ƽܹ, Ϊδĵȱȫˡ
ռյǹģһնеǹ춼նӲϿȻҪ;նǹ߱ܿ˴Уʤ, бֱӵеǹ߲Ƴ˽ⲻ, ޷ת
֮Ҳͬ
ƽš硱ıɫôնһͷĳɫȴնſնңң
ȥ, 硱Ļв٣ӦӦþǴĵķѩȻ
Ƴһŵǹ֮еĿն, ־öȶƯڿն֮, ǹٴλ, ֱӵһһԵĹ֮ϡ
ƽ֣ǹϻްĻҰ׵Ĵš, ջ۵˺ɫĹϣǹöʻŵӣ԰ɫŶ
Լ²£һһ׵Ĺ, 
Զڿնĵش, Ӹߴ, ̫ͼϵۡһɫߺ, ֱľͷȥ
ܺģһ㲻ıֱߣӦʱ䡣
ǹߵ
ƽĿ΢ĵشƶȥ
նĳжһйУΨʱ㲻ţɿնԽԽĹų⣬ʧȥԼת
֪ԼҪʲôˡ
ƽ⼸Ƭռĸǹߡ
Ҫһ⿪ٲȫмĿն
ӯǳмƯ࣬ξ֣Ҳ⿰ƾͷ
ڼƵǹ߽֯һҪ⿪ǵǺ£
ƽƽӰƮţ³
뵽նе̫ͼ֮һǿҵܵڱ˺ʹС
һһȥ⣬̫ˣǶȲ
ǧ꣬һԴҵǸԴܽ⿪ǧ֮õ߹졣
ƽ˳õĳ˼
֮вʱ仯Ѱˣʧң֪ϦϦڽ֮д߹Ĭţؼ뵽ʱ䡣
Ӧò̫ƽ
Ⲣùĵˡ
˼ٶ뵽һƬž֮УΨ˸ʱڶ֮һء
ƽ뵽Լ˼֮УԼԽ֮еľһ飬ͼѰһϣĻͶԻӿͷƽֹݸоĳǰһš
ƽûȥץסһ˿еĻˡ
۾ȥ
һµӰ֮ⷽС
װǰװ磬òȴ׵ıһģ
ƽĿ⵭ɨȥǳЦۣԷƵĺѣ
˵ǵһ򡣡
ҵƽƤЦⲻЦһչ¶ҲûȲҴŵϲá
Ư΢ЩдЩ΢һᡣ
طΨܽ룬ƽȴɵƺܴģһֻ۾ŲĻҰס
ƽȫȻֻ֪۾Լֱʡ
ֻһ£ǰǱĲˡ
īȻģʼйһ嵭ɫ
һսҪöࡣ
ɿԻ벻ƻȴҪ硣
״Ҳδԡ
ˣ֮κκ̸Ŀԡ
ɵ俪ʼ޷Զɵ΢΢һ㡣
ǿҵľ׹γɢƽǰɫ
ƽ޳ɣʼ䣬ɹγľ»ۣʵճ
·ˮյĹߴ綼Ũɻ㱿죬ѪڣХҪû
˿̣׷·˫˺ڵ˷ˣţҪ޾Ԩ
дĲǺ쳾ѪĿ޺ڽͷʢǷ粨ʢϮȥ
֡粨
˼ʱδùĺݾ֮бƳκԥ
Уÿһ˫Ҫȥ֣е
ͷδǷ粨ֻ֣еķ粨ȴΨ˻
޾˻Ͽ޺ǧ֮ãлһա
ֻĮȻɨһۣȥ½Сһ㣬¡
֪޵Ǻֹ˫Ǭǹ졣
϶˺ĻҰ˫קɲŭ룬Ȼͣľ޿ڣڵ·˸ݣ˲Ϣ֮䣬Ҫص˫Ұɫ֣˽ȥ
ƽо˲Ϣ֮䣬ŷͺϾϵ
磬һжݻΪ֮Ŀ⡣
ǷޣµÿһÿһΪ
ǶԹǬȴ·޵׶̰ؼҪ¾Уɺͻ
ͬǿֽȻ෴Ĺ࿹ţӦǴ˿̵վλ
Ӵ̫ͼϣλ
һһףһһ
μ
ɵЦõֻ¶Ĺ󣬿ƽı飬·ڿһǵƷ
һֱע磬ܶꡣν˵ȱʺϱ뵽һ֮Уܲȫȱ̤ϳһ
ʵ̫ͨˣͨĲȱ磬ʤһҲһ
˵ɹͣ£һëȻЦݿƽһڹĿ֮ѡ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
֪ƽӻ̶ԹԵΪ㰡
Ϊĳ֣Ҫӵ
ɵ֮΢΢ţӸµؿƽ
һӵ֮ܵˣһδɵżѾܹһռˣǶôʺΪҵļ̳˰
˵ţɲֻ뵽ʲôЦֻϧиŮһˡ
ƽ£̧ɡ
Ǻܴ֪޷ǰؽһִΪҪӣĸԸΪͿأҲˡ
ˣǡ
δ䣬ıʷϡ
ʷּֿݾ֮ŭ֮ʱķһն˷ͨЩǱ£·˳ȥ
תʱɷԼ֪ʱѾƽվͬһˮƽϡ
ЦЦ˵˵Ĳ겻磬ΪҪΪ︶˴Ĵۡ
ףΪѾǿȴΪʼ̤֮·ؼһ
ƽش۵ͬһ֮ɫ
δ컯塣
ǹһĨЦǣᳰ
ˣ磬ҲԶ㡣


193 ȫս
ּײ֮չ
պƴ, Ƶǹȴ׾ܱƶ
֮У˶Ŀռ俰խ
ƽδͣЪ粨űжĿâӷīʼ, âڴۣһ˲ɵɶΪ֮˱ܡ
֮в䣬һе޶Ҳޡ
ĿĹǴ͸һУҫա
ҹס
֮һҹɢҹ, ɽӳķ
𾡶δ, ͣһ˲ЦЩ㣬ҹ֮ķ
ǧǰ, 㵱ûаĴ治ʣɵЦ˵ǧǰ㵱ɽٳɹ, һԽ˵Ĳ, ֱӿԽƶ֮ϵǸزأ
ƽΪ
ߵ, ľǲʵʵĹ룬Լɽ֮ʱľжԶ, 
һе᲻ϾЩõֵĿˡ
ӵϹŴѪ.ɹľ磬Լǧٿ, ׾ܹռݵ꣬Ҫһ, Щϰߡ
, Ҳ⽫㡣
̧, µһֻ۾лɣΪɽ֮ʱ˺ѻ㲻᲻֪ʲôģ԰ɡ
ڿ⼤ŭ
ѻֲּС˼䶼洦ɼ΢ֻ˵Сߣ΢ǿЩģҲܸȥˡ
ѰЩģҲǺѻĶԻữɢʮֿ죬ϾСɢҲˣû̫ע⡣
ѻԱڣΪ£䶾Աֲ֮עֲ߸ѻעԽ࣬ѻĶԱԽǿ
ƽ¡
ɽոܵضӦþԺѻǶԲǿ˵ȴʱڶɽٵĹؼʱ̣һеⶼôպãԲŵĽ
ֻһ˲ƽָֻƽʵˣѰã
Įûٽҹ׷ϡ
֪ѧҲѰҹףɼҪģ
ǵǰѾһҲνٱһˣ𡣡
ߣҵߣûκ塣
ɹЦ£صΪƾЩˣܹҵࣿ
֪ΪΣ˵Щ΢һţƽ׽
ǰƽһЩ΢ǹġ
ɣ֮壬Բ꼰ȻжЩ𺦣ڴģջ
磬ĳ֫٣Ȼǿ
ƽͬ΢˵ڲָ߽ʿƾ֮ʱĪֲɺ˵飬Լ΢ڡпɽǲ
ƽͨˣɿ⽫ɽΪľཫϢȾƬ½
ʹཫɺ˵ķʽģһһʵͬ
ԭڴĵʿոһյΧ֮Уռ𽥱ʳдϢ֮˸ʱ֮ĻԻͣյĽעǻ
һӴľ֣Ѿıһǧꡣ
ƽǻҵԺгżҪƹĤź԰ǵĻвѾȥȴǿĸȾ
ǧҲϵű뵽еڳڵкͶУԼʶҪƿء
ʧ㡣
ʧ㣬ɵ͵
ٶԣƽٶʡ
ɽͼΧ̫󣬲ٴʩչӺīһ֮ӿ˲Ϣԭ
һҰ죬ת˲˺ҧȥ
ɵǬ飬ܲϨĻأ
ұߵٶȾĶڣ͵üͬ뻡
˾㵵ǣûѡֱӽУǷһӣк
ƣº󣬱練򴵶
죬ƽԼʵǰ㱻ҡĸоֻһᣬХĿ紵ݺײҳһŵǹߺͻϡ
⻷״أϸܵ鲼ϣűһΡ
ƽײ͵ض£Żеǹ߶Ϊ֮
ǹϵӱ˲Ϣ֮䣬ԭȼ»âЩԵȴȥ
ڴ˿̣սϣһĻˡ
΢ɽĿҰ֮ϣһڵѾա
ͬȵ񽵿ǺţԷȻֻǰڶ쿪ʼԽԽ񽵿ܱЩ񽵿ҲǰµΪߵкڣȺӸǶ֡
ڣؼʱ̣΢ϵˡ
λµһӰȻս֮ϣ΢һ֣һ͵紵ܵǶ˱
ƽ˿նѣѾе̫صΣԶǿԼĶ֣ܹס˵زǲס
΢Ұָţλ˶ڣѵҳһ᣿
žƬ̣Ѧ建Ұ֮϶š
һ̼ȴַ·ܳ˶ûаϻת˲Ѿս
ѦĳУ΢ɽĳɽб£âڵиһ̵Ļڣֱ쵽΢ɽ¡
ʱµһ𡣡Ѧˡ
΢ӻ䣬硣
֪ʱ𣬿ҰϿʼ𳤷磬ƺƵӲ
Ѧһ㶣һ˲ĹѾ׽΢Ӱӡ
һ˲߿֮Уҵ߶ϻꡣ
絶¶Գ
΢λ˸ʱչ¶Ŀ֮
һ磬֮УѰȴ޴ڡ
Ѧ΢̼ıֳֵһնȥ
糤磬ұ㻹Ҫδأ
رĳƻ֮ѾǰҰȻɫط.¶ر֮ϣǱǿ۹ֻһǽ塣
Ѧڿв׽һ˿춯һһת΢նȥɾڴ˿̣صײ֪˺״رͻȻʼʯˣһظһء
ԭƽƽһΣڣϵʯ̺ݺѦĴȥ
ĵƿһмӲ֮ȴ㲻ɳʯ̳˳
Ѳ
ǰƻڴ˿̷·һ㣬ʯɳ˴Ӹ߿նصײӿ纣棬Ѧ岻ײ뱻նѵĵصװ֮Уת˲֮䣬ͽѦ峹ѹ˵صס
ⷬʣڷе΢ɵȻ¶档
ԶսͬҲϵ춯ѵվȺ󣬵Ѿָƽ´㶵ض΢
ʦһս
΢ŷŵĳֻһ˿˼
ͬĵر춯ڴĵÿһط֡
ֻһ˴Nݣ˹Ԫ
ڣܱݣԪNݡ
ܱͬеɹأԪ֮²ôۣԪλɹƥеδԲɵѾˡ
ʼеʱ䱾ŸʱȺʿĻпֲʡ
Ԫɽ·ʱ߹ɱһѪ·ʱҲ߹ޱϤ
չԪһˣټɽţضûУһ·ֱ塣
֮ϣиŵ۵ϵֶƺڵ
ĹɭɭȻ˶Էһۣȣˡ
һգҾ֪Ŀɨڸпֻû뵽ǻԪ
ҽм⣬ʦ󡣡
һͷɭף˫Ŀǹĳ죬Ѿ޳ʵ壬ȴҲ̬
ƤԼҲֻ۲۵Ķ
Ԫǰߣ겻ֵ࣬һеԴͷ
ϵݺҧأǴӳݷ䱻Ƴ
ʦǺʱġ
Ҳϣܿ͸˻ش𣺡һٶǰͻưºʶԼڶ˸ʱ򡣡
˫Ŀ죬Ȼ˶ǰԼɺ˵࣬Ҫʦȴ޹ʦ֣˲кͬŵ֪ʦ𣬾ʹӹԪִ롣
ʱ룬Ȼ˿£ǲôսᣬҪš
˭֪ԭھС
ɳŵЦƬ̣Ц˻
ڶ⣬еӣȥ
־򶨵ݡ
Ӳ壬нԺлʳ걸ĸɹ٣ѧֻ֮вʵѷǸӣ𡣡
ܻ䣬΢΢ס
߲Ц֪վǰģǵǸ̵ҵʦ𣬻Ǳǵһ߿ܡ
һ⡣Ƭ̣ٶʱĹâŵʲô
̾һʼĮȻɫڴһ˿˵
ˡ
ǵΪȡ֣ĵţֻϧûöãͷξͺճȡǸ𽥱ĵš

ԭô֮ǰʦѾѹ
΢򶴸ʱʱʮ꣬ʺе֮ͣӢƵſңʱѾ꣬ûаеӣǸ۲۵ķˡ
԰գЦһһҪɽضķˡ
ˣЩ֮ȣעҪۣҲߵĸЩġ
ŵʲôأ޷ǳɣߴӵ.已̥
Ҳ֮ţȻᶮ
ʹرۣյһжǰ
ĺɫľѣ.¶ľռ˰
ãǽеĶԹѪ𶼳Ĭȥ
ãڡ
ʱ֪һУĻҪª羡ٵ
ǣ
˪ߵʱ̫ҲԾմȾҩ㣬Ϥҩ㻽˳߼ʧصǡ
Ĺ䣬Ҫû
ٶĮȻ㿴Ѿǿˡ
зһӣΪԭʼĵ£ĵҪɢĹ
ЦǣһˣҪĵԸһ
ĿȻ˫Ŀɺ죬ָ׸һ㲻ĺɫ·дݺݻƵϡ
ⳡʱ꣬ʦͽΪĵˡ
룬ûʲôԥˡ

˿̣ĹԪȻӿݣڼŲٕNҵӰ
Ϊ֮һûڵǿԪʵȴĲС
һԪӱű֮Ĵݣһ̤ƽݡ
ܹԴȺס
ɾ̤ݱ߾˲䣬˷⺮ǹ죬ѩԭϵĺѰ޷ֿ
һȺԪӱýŲһ˲Ѻ󣬺ܿ췢Լ˫Ų֪ʱѾһ˪ܿݻΪѴ
Խݱ߾ԵĲȺһĲݣһİ
Ũ˸ֱ治ǰΪȴ˲ɵ
󡣡ԪͽָӵҪɢ
ԪΪҫ۵ĵӣߣڳ֮ΪĹԪͽҲǸյµΪ
һͽעĿģк߽ƽ¡дͽͽȻΪǰмһˡ
ãƽºͼȻ޷ʦŵλ߲е컯һ̤ʵûȡ
ֻҪսʤԪҲãҲãΪɴ׽ˣܳΪɽĴҫ۵š
ʲôڣԪΡ
Ҫܱ
ţЩ̫󣬵ԸʺϰϮ
䣬֮һɫĺ
⺮Ѹײڶ֮ƴ͸Ԫ˶ǺǷ˳׼ݵ˹Ŀڡ
һ˲ı̫죬Ԫӷ׷ʧɫ
Ѫ£ʸЮѩ׶ĿڱסûѪմȾ֡
ɢȥԪ˺ȻǰɢΪ̹;ͷӰӰи֡
沿۽ŸɫƬͲ˲ϵĺ塣
ԭӦȺ׵ĲѼ˲еļ壬Nݵı߾˿ϷذΧסǹɾ£Ԫһʱʧ
ڴ˿̣ر춯Ϯ⧲ĹԪΪǲݵİ֣š
ǰһ˻
˵ǻʵҲ̫׼ȷ
°Ǵ׳βɫƬչ֮ҫۣβ΢΢գնûմȾ㳾
˳һž޴Ĺǹм͹ɭĹǴ̣мʸͬض׼˹Ԫˡ
Խߣѩ俪ڡ
ԪӲǾΪ񽵿ܣаĹԪѾ֮ģ񽵿˼ѰԮסơ
ʧĹǣԪĴʦֻ̧֣ϢáãǲԽǡ
δ䣬ͬļʸƿնعᴩԪһڵӵüġ
սУ˻ų߾ߡ
ԪɫǸûӣ
ѩĬעǰս֣ҵĻУһŮ˻նͣѩߡ
ݼƣֻŮԳЩҲ죬ѩ
ѩԷ˵壬жرġ
λ˾ңǱĶ飬ý߾ȫ˵𡣡
ѩʵȴǶһ˵
ĸҷ׷׵ͷӦǡ
ѩЦһ׵˵Ķԣĸס
ȷʵģѩ롣
Ѿǰŵ񽵿̤ݰ벽
һ


194 ӹӰ
ƽ֪ԼղһײɵӰ쾿ж, Щ²⡣
κιĵ΢Сױ鼰ȫ£вǳǧᱻ꼰ƽֻ֮
, һսı
ɸܵˣЦ£ƼƳ̫ˣǳŲеһλġ
һֱδж, й˻
ƽһ˿ǰδеΣ, ӦͿк¡
ɵ֮Ϊʵ޻ţ޵, Ե𷨿֮
ŲöĿķͷ಻֤
֮ǿš
˿, ƽоĵֱ, ·𿴵ѭ, һ΢ɳ֮ʱռọ̈̄ﶼֻʣ䡣
նɸ֮ʱ, նɸԿǴתĹ֮ʱҲδ˶ĵ
ƽһ˲ʧ
Ȼ俴ɫĵǰһȴַҵЩԭʼһеĹĻ
࿴ʱ, ǰȻת
ؿһ𣬻Ϊ촷, Ϊ׵ޡ
̻֮, ƺץסʲô, һš
һ˲䣬Ҳ㹻ȼƽͷҰ
ԽߣһѶԽ
磬Ҫı󾳽졣
ΣѾʱǧһ⣬ץסˣһĻᡣ
ƽûзŹһͣһŷ
ǧǰֻɽĵѾĴʣָѰõĵ
ɽ֮лƿصѹȴ㹻ºػһС
ɽ
ڳǧʱһڶŷסѩ͸Եʤ˺ŷסԼˡ
ڣ˲֪ʱŷͬǰסڵĵơ
ˮīȺɽب֮䣬ʵϡ
ನ»ɽƻˣҲ֪õĺַǧɢ󾹷ɢ˷ȥ
ƽĿ΢ָɢˮīɽ˾Ѿݲԥ
ʷɽһͼ֮չʵΡΡͻͣǹ֮ϣɵĵ᲻ص˽ȥ޻
һĻƽͨ˷ŵĹϡ
ҲһֱǷȱľʲô
նɸ˪ĵӡٹⶼ֮ܣΪ
һϢ
ˣһ磬Ҫƽ⣬ҪǴȶ
֮ⷽУ˴е˵һ֮УڵģҪĹĪ
ȱλϢ
֪ԼҪβȫˣ
ƽɽͼչʵĳ֮вϱ仯ɵӰ䣬α֮ƶ㡣
ٿȻɴǹʶһ㣬ס˫㡣
ⶨǼٵģɷն˲ǹߣ˭Ͼûаá
ʶ֮ʱƽ˷Ц⡣
㽫Ϣؽĵ˰꣬ǣתΪ񽵿ܣ͵͵ɺǵѪ֮УΪĲֹͨɺ˿ǡ
ƽҪĵڴ˽ӡǡ
ȻһӴ󲻹ҵ
ɾӴҲֲոһյľġ
˷֣󣬴ĻĻΪһտǡ
ʱʧȥĴʽΪһ壬Ϊһ֡
ʱǴյĿꡣ
ƻľҲãҲգܹһ硣
ƽ˵ţЦ˼ҡͷҲ̫СһȺϺԼ԰ľˡ
԰գɽͼȻսҵи
ɲĲκξţٶȹѩֳƶһٷԾ񷶥֮ϣֻקסߴǵ鲼ӰĻ͵קһ¡
ǶЩ֮Ϊɹڴȴżǿá
ƽ˵ɫЦ:ҿҪξȵǸأ
ƽɫ׳
ڴ˿̣֮Уڰ֮ʱͻȻؽ԰
Ǽ֮ٶȵһ㣬˾ͷĺ
ΣԤ
ϢȻգ̾Ϣһصʳ֮УλѾ¶ƣ̬˻֣ص£ȼ̨ɡ
˻ʳһۣڳĲʮ˶̧ĳ.ǹһһ˷̨
˼ķӻʳǻ鼰ʳƽеĽźͳ
ܿ죬سҹϢĻͬʱճ»ް
ͬǴμ֮ʱľʧ룬ηѾսʱǵƺӵš
УĴɼ
ҲҪţս½ƣԤδҪʱδ䣬ģ׼
ǰԱ΢ɽλأҲֱᷢʣĪҪţǰ
ûвս֮ˣΪǰɡ
ǣֻҪĹϣġ
ܿ죬֪ǵǵ»ްһɨع֮ů
˶ĳ嶯
ɻûȵһв˾ԼԭúõͻȻ͵ȥ
ûκףãɫȴͻȻϢȫޡ
пʼ
ϢԺѧ֮෢üͷ˼Ӧ֮ʱϴɱ֮
Ϣͷһݣ񽵿ˡ
̧֣ʾѧӽЩͻȻʧȥϢ̧طаãԼǰӦС
ɾڴ˿̣ǰյ֮ӰӰһȺȵӰ
Ⱥƹ֮˳ֵûκףϹЮĹȻ࣬˼伸Ĺޡ
Ⱥƺͬãڴ˵֮󣬷׷˰ԼĴȣڵԭر˼£ͺˣʵˣ
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ʲô⣬ôŵµʱ䣬ֻˣ
һȺ֮У۵ĹͷĿЩã̧ͷ˲䣬̿ǰϮ񽵿ܡ
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֮У򲻹µϹʱͻȻʧټȴķʽӵʵ壬»ص˼䡣
ϸⷬʣһ۾Ϳһͷײ񽵿ǡ
³ɺ޽֯òӵʵĦȭƣŭһǰȥӢˣȽ͵սʿҪη
Ϣ
Щѣ顣
֮УƽѾҵǹ֮нǧС
ٶ֮죬֮ʵ൱˼㡣
иͻᱻԷץ©
ɽͼ龰ʵʵ͵һȥ
𾢷磬ƺĳּΪɲĶҪзɳ۶
ʱ䣬˲֪˶೤ʱ䣬ԶѾƾȴԽһûи
գǬʤɽͼĺƴѷһ
ɫһףȻ⵽ش
û⣬ֻǳǳһЦӰ͵سȥģִɽͼӰȵ߬סǰʼձƽɽͼαߡ
ɫεĳߺ⣬ͬⲿĻֱ߱죬ƺûκ赲ǹš
ƽɫ䣬ס֣
ɵЦһҿôѾĻŵģʲôĹ򡣡
԰գ͵קߣܵһĴС
оԼ˫־ĺ֮Уַ·Ļǰֶʧ
˿̣ӭһޱ䡣
еսڴ˿̶·ˣһ˲֮䣬ﶼ˲׺ɣıǨ
⼫ȴֶݵһ˲ȥ˴㶵̧ͷʶ
ѧԶɽɫȻһ䡣
ʱ䡭ô£
оɽϱӡǧϹʱ磬ںǧ绺ϲ
ͷӿֳһԵĽ
ϣǺϲǡʱ䵹ˡ
֮Уƽ˫Ŀ죬ɷ˶һ˺һһͬ䵽ǵߵĳ֮С
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195 λ
ǧʱ, 㹻׺ɣ
ؼ䴫޴ĺԽһս¶ҡ
˶ͣס֣㶵ؿԶƾճһɽ, ĵĶݻʳڣԭȶвƽԭ˿Ҳò
𺳵ǣԭĵı־òǺبڴķָƵ̲, ֮ʧӰ, Ӵδ£·ĳ˲Ϣ֮ƽ
֮У񽵿ҲԵ֮, ͻı仯
һ̣Ӿ˵һĻˡ
ضͬһʱӿİӰЩ˳ֵĺ, ԭֻһǳӰ, ӰӺܿͻʵ, Ϊһһʻ
ƺҲԼĳԻ󲻽⣬ղȺԾͻ.Ĺһ, 㶵ؿԼֿİϤ磬𺳵ʣ
ǡû
»ˣ
𣿡
ҽʦҲɡ
һЩ֪롣
ڴ˿, ⳡսֵ֮ͻȻ˸º, ߵ˶ų, һƬ֮С
ͻȻųǲ, ٽ룬ʧȥһ㣬Ҳϵڡ
ûüԸɻǾ͵֪һӾ˵Ϣ
صĶ˾ޱ䣬ԭȵĵƵò֮һϦ֮µġ
һ类صˣ񼣣ֱ񼣡
⡭ô£
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ÿ˶ʵ⡣
ⳡ̫죬̫ͻȻûκ׼
˶ҳһŵʱûע⵽ƾʧ̲ߣһ޳Ӱ֡
źЩͻȻֵûʲô֮ͬȴԵҪ򶨵Ķࡣ
۽£עǰƬ̺ȻЦˡ
ԭˡεδң⡣
԰գܿʧ

ͬһʱ̣ͻȻ߶ڸп
⻹֪ĴΪλ˳ԣ
Ҫʱ˵ͰЩ񽵿Ǵȥˡ
˾ޱ֮£˺ǰ񽵿γ˹Ķž棬˭Ҳûȶ֣ͬʱؿȺ֪Ӻζİˡ
΢΢Ȼ˶ԷԻͷ˸Ĳ²⡣
ЩλӺδ
Ⱥͬɫɨ΢ʵǴӺδ
΢Ц£ûв´λӦǴ֮ǰĴսʱ˵أ𣿡
ĿסԷ飬׽м˵ʱϸ΢ɫ仯ƶˣǱͬˡ
΢µλ֪ڲ֪˺⣬ͬʱϲһڵģǧĴġ
ȺĽͣҲûɣǽĿ⻺һͷں˶ŵ񽵿ܵϣʵô˵ǧ񽵿ܵϮȺ
Ѧɫһڡ
΢ɫͷԷӦѸ٣Уûˡ
ǧǰǧһǴʹЩ
Цŷɳ۵ߣʢ񽵿ܡ

˿̣ܹע΢ɽиӰɽ
һϯ򵥵ɫɫѵݣī߸Щʱģ
վǵʱԡ
ʧõҹס
ƽ˵Ѫ츳ˣֻҪ㣬ûκҵõɡ
ڹ֮ʱƽͬ˪ĹٴΣû˵ҹΪҪɵ뿪
ڣͬû˵壬ΪҪҾ֮УԵ΢ɽ
ǧǰ΢ɽƣ֮ơ
ʱ΢ɽɽߣֻѰһɽѡ
ҹ׳Ĭصɽ߹·֮вҲ·ߵûôˡ
໹ڣ˪ҲڣӦȥã˼㡣
ҹ֮ͣǰûж·֪˭һҲ˶ԷõԼ˵Ļֻǧû˵塣
ֻһޱߺڰǰУ̫ˣҿ߲ȥˣã㲻·
Ҿܷģȥҵˡҹ˵ţ˵ʱᵽ·𱻷һɢ
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˵ţͼǣ̫ɹһ£˫ֺʮóһƣ
ҹ׶һʱ֯ڱɿƵʱıѹֵĵ׵ʵڸ
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һǧ꣬ʹ尾һǧ꣬հԼĥİģϤ֮УųеĿƣԼ飬ȵľһա
һжҪڴ˿˽ᣬƫƫ᲻á
ҪȥȷеĻϣûб
ɵʱƺҲˡ
ȥһ𣿡ֻҪ߽ȥͿԡ
ҹĳһ˿Ȼתͷһζܻˡ
ǰһϮѩɫں°ڴŲ۵īżѩ˫ķۣǺЦɢ˾ǧľУ˫Уŷ·ܲ͸ƶͰ
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ҲҹޱϤˡ
ǧǰӣԼκ·
ҹ׶ã˻Ƶء⳾û
ع⳾΢΢˵ʱѾˣƺЩʣǧǰںغϡ
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ҹȴЦˣ԰׹ѳڳһ˿Ц㱼ʱӰӡ
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ҹ׿أصѾһ˿ʹУ·Ҫ˺ѡ
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ҹѵƽѵĮȻ飬¶Ȼ顣
һУҪи˽ģΨжԴͷ
ع⳾ҹ֮Сģ˵ɵܵһչˣǧ궷ת곤Ĳ԰ĮȻģ
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ع⳾ţ˵Ҳʹࡣ
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ԼҶ˶µģɰɡ
ڱ˾䣺㡣
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ʱ䳤ûκεʵС
ƽקһУоԼڷɿ³ȴǱĴţ֪ҪƮδ
岻ܿƣ˼άȴڴ˿
ĵ֮Уδûκܹء
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õķʽĪڽͶ뵽ȱ֮У䲹ȫתȥ
ѹɻѡʱ뵽գʹķһУҪֻʤ
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ƽ۵׻һ˿ٶɿ˼֮У˼Żʲôܹƿ˾֡
ʱ䳤в׹ĻŹȥڷɿطһʶĲʶ˶ǰһƽͼ̧֣ץסһŵǹߡ
ڻ֮䣬ƽƺץҹ׵ǵߣɺܿ죬ǹǿЦһ㣬ߣֻһ˲俴ĳЩҵƬһЩµ
Ѫ츳һֻһΣ㾿ʲô
ҲܿҪֹ
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ʶ𽥵ȥǧһ֮ʣƽƺع⳾ѣͬʱҲץסһŵ
ƽ˴˿Ҫܹ֮Ŀȱ
ࡣ
ǿɱѰõ࣡
԰ǵʶֿʼѾɣһǵģԵꡣ
ƽȻۣ˫ץס˳֮ǹߣһԾ

ͬʱϲĻҲǶʱܹġ
ϣȻͻȻӵʵģ뵽ڶѾҵǧǰ˷׷׳ˣҲٶԡ
Ƕһţ˪¾ΣװҩҩģӶݱһ·ϣѾ˲֪˻ͬҾ֡
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ǧǰ˹Ϊβع⳾
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ڴ˿̣ؼȻ
羪״ǲףҾ֮С
˻̻Ƿ΢ɽ֮ʱ΢ɽϽ
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ƺ˾޴ʹ࣬Ӵкյ˺ѣʹ
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δ䣬Խһһֱڿս߲֪ʱ֣򴽳Ĭʡ
Уʵ㡭ʶ
һ˿΢ص˵ͷ
ķǱƭͱȵģѵֳһ
𺳵ؿǰһĻ֪ΪΣо֪·ϹŴ·Ը׳Լ
֮УƽԾʱ䳤ӣקʱεߣһڽԭλ
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ǧǰһڻȥ
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ѣء
ǻӮİɡ
ġ
ƽƽǰԼͬǱɣЦ
ڰǲʶһԼ̬ܵճֵеļƻҲɵһ
ƽָһԲĽ飬ɿע˽ǹ֮У˲ֿȱ
ɺܿ죬ƽüͷ΢塣
һȱ©
ɴЦ㲻ΪƾǸʶͿȱ©ɣ̫ˡ
Ҫȱ©õİ취ǽԼͶȥѾ뵽ˣ𡣡
ƽδһʣ˼·Լ˵ݵں
Ӧڴ˿̣һǿƵش뵽֮УżʵͷҲصײǹ֮УײĲȱ
ɫ䣺ܡ
࣬ҹ׵ߵࣿ
ྭ˰ǵֱҹ׵ϴѰκɵʶΨΪۻصС
ƽһۣ۵Եı⡣
ţнǹȫ⿪Ϊһһƽнǹ죬Ŵĵָܹ֮С
ɫĻǹߣʱ޿̲õĹ֮ʼһı硣
ԭõĵشϷһ貵š
һжڴԲڡ
ܿ죬ǿĽ֮ųգص֮С
һصƽͲԼʵ֦Ҷš
ǰ¶ǰܵ˿̳׻
ݵӰл֣û¶չСһ̬Ǹ֣غʥ
˸Ӱ֧ǧ֮õ־Ļǰ׳Ƴ
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ݳһ˲ܿƶˣ޷׽
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ſʧľ, Ŀþ޷ջء
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У֮, Ǵ, ޼Ϊ, ǧ
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ҡͷ, ģԶֹһ¡

˵üĵطĽػ¶Ʊ޲
λǹУǿţ֮ͬһһ
ƽİУܵ޾ӿϢ޴αƽٿȻԶȥ
оԼǰδеĳ棬ȻǧǰʢʱڵԼƺܸܵɽľһеҲܸܵһӿԽĳ
ȫľڷڣʱȣʱ䣬նںõУ꣬Ÿڰĵطȥ
ʼ
ƽ޾ĺڰУ𷽲ŵʯǿʱܵҹ׵˫ۣһ

΢ԫ̨֮ϣԫ΢ɽķңңһݣ૵
ֶλﳼڵһա
һлعԭλ󣬴ĵҲûзӦ
̶һգı̫࣬޶˳˯ȥ˻ص˼䣬ǧǰڶݵغϺֻعӦӲϾ
ǰؼҵս¶ͣ񽵿Ҳ޷ı仯
£ⲻ֪޵ĳֽһȫȻİķ
ã֮ʣŰε˷Ӧ
Уһӿ룬Щٶӵ¡
һ˲Ҳܿ췴Ӧ뵽
һۣȴЩȡ
ԭĲ㣬ΪǺó貣ҲǴƬΪɵһ
գ˽֮ʱһƬڰ֮У꣬ǺŻܹٴμǺ֮иɫ򰵵ӣعԭȵʢ
ֻΣʵȴûлǺзԭеĹܶرգֻܱȳĬĿⳡʢ
Ǻţջ۳һ̵Ļ
λݸԭԪؿҹס
˼̵һ仰֪Ϊ˶Ȼµĳ嶯
ȻδǧǰļѰ棬ȴĿûǧⳡս񽵿ܵļֺͲпᣬ˴ǧǰȱǱĿѡ
ڲƼա
ٶɻ󶼱˿̵˻ȥȻɻɺζ˿ȴûлᷢԡ
״ɢǧӹɵĻɢ֮Ĺܲڻָ
죬ΪǸʼûϢ˶Ĳѡ
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Щӣ΢һ壬ѾΪ˴֮ء
ݣԴͽ콣죬ڣңչ³ǡ
΢ɽ£ԱɷʱһѲߣܷ΢ɽΧٶ䡣
Nݣʦͽ֮ѾĻĶսʤѾӵĵˣ˺۵뿪Ϊʱĸɽ
ߵĺ壬Ƿ׷ϰߵϮ֮£ںʱͽ⣬ͬС
λϵĻ΢΢ضصƤܵĵӿʼ΢΢ȡ
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ʼ¿öˡ
˻ʵĺЩЩ궯վ˲̽غųصǹһߵ˶ݵսϡ
ʵѾ̫ʺսˣ˻ʴ˿ֻʹؽⳡյʳ
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ΪȴҲ֮
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ǧǰһ֮˴е񽵿ǰ㡣
ⳡ˵һʵ춯صλʧڻˡ

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㲻⣬ϴѧ˳ȥӦսӦû֪Ϣ
Ǻܿˡ
ƽĵˣɵĻ౻һ߬ģͬʱȫµ񽵿ܵڴ˿̱һͬ
ǧǰĻҪ򵥡
оԼһܺ绽꣬ӦⷽؼϢȺµҲһȺ϶ѡ
ԭΪ֮о
ⳡƽʲôԵĶδдߣֻпһһظɽһֱ
תۼ䣬ѾǳµԼƽԺ˸
λ޲Ҫոһյسе֮ܣθƽģĿֽƬʵʵڵ֧
ʵһ𣬽ԼԵԺƽֹˣԺ̫Сֲ̫¡
ǵʧطֳһط֧֧㲻ôķֽ֧
ٿȻ綯ӢͬʱҲƽ硣
ĵһ£ȥϵǣǴߵ㣬еĻᣬغüЩճСǣЩѵͬ۵񻭣Ҳмרż¼Ǽ֮һЩҪ¼Ļ
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ɻûͣѾ׼ȷطǱ¼ĻᣬһһŴӻе˳
ƽǰ΢ɽǰⱾᣬûţȻ뿪ǱѧŽġ
µˣҹף롣
ǰϲķʽ͵͵ЩСֽڻʲôʱ򷭿ʱܿһ⾪ϲ
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ԴٴϢҾһֱ㣬ɵҲҡ
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ǳģǰͳ֮ܣڶ˸ңôһ룬˵㡣
ˣҺͳԼݣһѾ뵽ˡ
ϹѪİ֮õĲϣβһˣ֮ףһķ˻Сǿķ費Դ
ǾֻˣʧȥһѵޣҲûʲôӰ졣
ҴӳͲϵظߵ˴ѣĸ׳ܲסϹŴѪѲСĵط겻ظɺԣգۺгģֱǣҲ֪ʲôĻš
梣ΪѹֺʹվңֽѣֻǰΪһ¡
ʶǧʱ䣬ҵ֮մȾֱ࣬ӵйǣڣҵѪ֮ݣֱӽ
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梣һжٴ˶ϰɡ
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ֽ֪ĵطһЩʪĸоƽȻڻмкá
ݴԺеٶȻͳ֣Ŵⵣǵؿ
֮֮˼άܣܸܵڼҵʹġ
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Լûʶص飬ȴƵĹ䣬·ܿơ
ݷڴ̽׽ıһʹΪᡣ
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ûʲô˵ģǧʱֲ
̫ˡ
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ǧǰɽٻʱ
ҹ׿ѧÿ˶ͣΪƽɽ׼
Ѿ̫ûг֮ˣҪЩʲô׼Ҷİ
֪εɹƾرɫ۷֮١
Щӣû˲ģĩ·Ψһķÿ˶ֻܰѵİȥ
ҹ䵣ġ
ޣֻĸΪǿңżǿҵԤУ梶ɽٲкõĽ
֪ơ
ʱߺСǰ߹õģ
ҹǰλѧΨһ֪ҪʲôˣѾ梽ԼսȥչС
ҹ׿ߣͻȻһֵ֪ĸп
̫΢߶Ѿ߳һأӲ˻üһɵӵı顣
ҹף
˵Ϊʲôء
ڣߵһۣʮִȵûиƽϣսЩᣬһ˼ģ
ҹȫˣʶܿ˵ζѪ츳ҪˣЩСЩ
ⷬҹ˵סˡ
ͨѪǿϹŴӵѪ츳ģǿ̶죬ȴȻ֮ӵѪ츳ıο㣬Ψֱ֮ޡ
ҹйĴмģڴм֪Ѫ츳޴ãһֻʹһΡ
֪ºѪ츳һֱδѣҹҲν
ܹûþˡ
仰ֺСˣͽҹһ˶ɻ
ɵҹҹ׾֪ʲôѻ졣
һߣѪ츳ľˡ
һҹҹΪֹѰһҹµʹȫÿ䣬ָͷ˿裬ǷжɢƵʹ
ҹʹ֮м尾һҹֱ֮ʱŻجج˯ȥ
һֱ˯˵գҹױӴʱɵģ˿񱻻𿾹Ƶģʮֲ࿴ЦƽűߣͬЦЦ˵ֽġ
ֽʲ⻰һǶ
ҹ׳ɹˣű߷ߵǿȥ
ⳡ峿ҹһû˵ֱһʱŷһ̵س·ʱֹסŲᣬֵգôζˣѪ츳ʧˣ
ҹԻؿԼģǰҹĵʹУûκεҲûνѪ츳֡
߸о
ڣû˵ڶɽٵĻ⣬ֻЩҳƽ߱Ƶıһζȣͷ˵Щ
ƽɫ䣬ںڵķ˵ãġ
ҹŷϵڣо֮ǰһеΣԼĴ
һҵůΨع⳾ͶȥĿ⡣
ֻʱҹδ
ɽǰһգһΣƽ֮Ȼš
߱ƽǰ׼õıչ֮أǰĵظƽ֤ţαչس϶ܸΪǳ㣡
˵ѧΪŵĺ֮ɽ֪֮࣬ѧҲȫƽչС飬ȫѧ±ҲһΪСһϵıݡ
ҹ״ԿţȴţһԸʹࡣ
վߣΪƴһУãȻ֪ر
Сûټȥʵϵ˶ɽǰҹҲݡ
˪ҽһҹƻͨƵĸҽвû˶ʩһ룬ǿ壬֪ǿ˭ѾãĬʩչ
ѧһҹĽһСƬطȫնŽģϼ˳ĬΣ˰һƬű𶯣ͷ೭һ˵⡣
ɽǰҹҹҪȥƽ˵Щʲô֪˿ƽһƽˣع⳾һҹû֪˵Щʲô
ҹ룬ӦҲЩճ̸ԽŵʱԽϲЩ޹صճС£·һеķɷʽ
峿ƽع⳾ʱһī㡣
Ƭ̣ƽȿڣЦЦˣ
˪Ʋʲôһɽ磬ɽ紳һãͷȥˣֱȥ
ƽ˼ûôӲԵġ
ع⳾һЦµסеɫ
Ǹȷʵ겻ģüͷͬƽûţ
Ů˵ˡ
Ҳƽߵģɽ֮λڴģع⳾֮ҲͬУ˼裬ֱפ󷨵ĽǣҲǴĵļ
ҹ۰Ͱ͵ؿƽ뿪ͷֱӷɵԼĵص㡣
ʱеķͬʱȼźѳ
ⷽ󵨵ֱӽȫеͬʱ𣬴ӿпɽͬʱƽӨӨԡ
ѹСҹ׾Լֻ˰ʱѾҪľȫ
ҧأаи
ⳡѵĶɽٳʱĻ·һεĴŴ򿪣بڴϷķӡƣõй¶
оϣڼ˶ס׼ӭһӿɲĽס
ɾڴ˿̣ʺ
׳֮ʱѾ˸ܵ£ףֱ˺أ֮һµѷ죬һ۾塣
ǿǰ̫࣬·һάȵ
ҹı˼£صĽƽؽӿл䡣
ʱ˿̣˼ۿǷ׻Уֱֱ׹֪˺η
꣬ع⳾ص۴âϨع⳾󷨡
ҹȫţƽٶȸģϵع⳾˫ۡ
ģҵôҹ˻϶˶Բԣ
ع⳾Ŀ
ڣڳʱ̣ع⳾ھɽ֮ضٶһɽУڳƽ塣
ƽڳ˯˺ۣ¶ɭ׵ĹȻʧȥ
ҹ׸оشһ̺˼άȫſˣ֪ζȫӲš
˪ƵĲκ˿ԹԵ컯־һ飬󽫶ͷƽüģͼȥӦڵټɿտҲ
ֱཫ屧ʱҹ׵ǻص
һʰ
梲ˣʧȥˡ
ʧȥˡ
ҹ׷·ʬŴһصѧ⼸գÿ춨ʱȥƽķ˵˵ͺ֮ǰһ
ʱҹ뿪ʱܿĬƽԺ⣬Ŀľؽúܣûһܽ뿪ʵ
գع⳾Ҫƽᣬ鳾
˪ԣյæµȫ˻ƣŭʱѪԣ˵˶ٴھҪ
ع⳾ƽ˵Ȳˡ
˵ߣܿʣ뿴ģҪ
λҽʥֵܡ
˪Ȼй˼Ƭ̺ʧʹޡ
ҾȲˡõҽߣҾȲ
ΪʲôȲ
ҹ״͵ڲԶһУʶƺʲô֮ʧ
ع⳾˵̫׼ɽʧܣƽֻǸʼ
Ƶû̫౯˵ʱ䡣
֪ǿĶѾڣƭȡ˷˵ķ裬̤ݽһӣĴ޾ѡ
֮ٽˡ
ʧȥӵʹбӣһأ
ƽִĶΪıɱ˶ܽ롣
עȲˣҲעɲ硣
ѧʹԴĻֽ뵽˺󶴸տʼ޾ˡ
ڴֻھеȴǣոһյؾʹݲ֮Уһֹ
ɣЩ˿ʼ顣
ּµ֮£ǽѾȥƽ
ʱûðնɽ٣˵ɡ
ûɽӦûоȣԲԣ
˵ʱɽٱԼߣǧͨǴĴδз֮˻ܻص˽һԼӳȥˡ
һʮʮ٣Щŷ˷Ե޴˺ѹȥϢ
й߰ٻΪܵĵ񣬳嵽ѧľַƻѧûüߵ伮пȵ˻УͼѰҵĵַ޹
ҹ׽һж
һĿննʱ޿̲ڷŪ֮
Ūǡ
಻ֵ
ƴȵЩˣľֵ
ҹĮȻǰһУ۾
ǰ಻ֵ
ٶʱоƺѹ˼ɽһ㣬ȫȣѡ
ĳһѽѹϵɽƿܹ
ҹ͵صţ̧ͷ˸մ㽫ӱ۾
˫ڰգƱʧܣ㬵˻ȥ
ſڣƽͬһбűߣЦ
ҹһ˲ԼģԭѪ츳Ѫʧˡ
һֻһεѪ츳ˡ
ҹ׻Ȼ𴫳мйѪ츳ļء
ޣѪ츳ԤһǧصģӰֻ
ҹ׻ŲȥȻƬ̣ƿһѳ˹ȥ
ҹһͷڷҵŰ˰ٸҷɣһ£ԡ
벻⣬ܵƽߣһ˵ֹĻ
梣Ҫȥ


197 ֻӰ
Ҫȥ״֮䱾Ͳıƽ⡣
һ, üҹףҹף˵ʲôء
ΪΨˣҹһߵý, ҹҲλֳĻȴûִֵֻ࣬ؿƽظһ飺梣Ҫȥɽ, ̫Σˡ
ƽ, ûӻֻǸʹ˸ɫȳȥ, Լһҹ׵ķСϣʰϵľҵķ˿˳
ľϸỮͷƤ, һʵ
ҹ׾Ĭ, ƽ÷ڽĳ, ʵʲôˣ
ҹһ٣в̫õļ, ˫΢ҡҡͷֻǵεɽٳˡ
ع⳾һʱ䳤ˣǶ֪, й¶һٻ
ܶʱй¶ζҪ췣, µĺ֪˶δ򲻿ɿصķ
ƽⷬ, ľ, ˳ƶ£ҹһѣ׾еΡ
ľ«ƽ
֪ûȫ˵ʵƽҲûգֻƽ£ʵشҼ⡣
һҲȥɽ٣´ĵбĽ𣿡
ҹ׳ĬƬ̣ҡҡͷ
УҲߵһ
ǲˡƽ۵ЩɵЦ⣬ڶ⣬ңĿǰ˭ܹƾľ𣿡
ҹͷõЩۿɼľɥŬһͺˣҾ͡
û˵꣬ͷƽݺݵһ£һ۵ĺۣΪǺɵ£
ҹ̧ƽһдģŵǱ˻ҪЩ
˭֪еķա
ɿģҹʹ
ôõˣ˫صôʱ䣬ô֪ܲз̫󣬿ؾѾµĴ㡣
ľѪĶǰѧͿʼռĸɵĴе伮Ϊ嶼׼õ򣬻ŵͼõĹ˵ճ͹ᣬȫΪµĻ֡
ŵͼϻδȫ룬ûⳡ⣬ԽָҪģǱȸһȥ
ôõˣ󶼲գҪǵľ֮м˳ص
ģõõĽ
ҹ֮УƽһʲôʱԣתͷסƽͷƽС梡
ƽᡰšһĺ󱳡
ᣬȴҹ׵һ
˿ޱֹǰˡ
ȵĻУҹ۽ǻһι̵ᡣ
Ժ⣬µⲽ˪ķԻҽҽԼȥ·Ͼع⳾ķ䣬˵ķžǿŵģ˪һ˲
Ϊ׼ƽɽٵع⳾ǰЩӳҪչؼգЩһֱŽգûж
ع⳾һֱʿ֮е⣬޿չصǳУÿÿյĹ򣬸Ѱչض¼ʿһȣɹļơ
ɾһˣƽظ֪Ϊ˪֪ʶ֮Ͽǿʱع⳾ڰʵѾɲˡ
Σع⳾չʮա
չգƽҪƾƷӡգƽĴʱ˪ĵһӦǷԣҹףδ˵ͬ⣬ȴͬΨع⳾˼ú󣬷һ嵭̾Ϣ
ͬˡ
֮Ϳʼչز
ع⳾֣˪ɵмڴŲһתǰЩżع⳾ŵķš
˼£ع⳾ͻɨһۣ֪Ҫʲôһ˵ƺˣսͬǽҪ졣
˪һһ죬̧ͷȴع⳾ӣĻ˵ˡ
չʮգع⳾ѩɫĳ嶼ޣȴƣݣµۿɼ۵׵Ѫ˿ȥ˫Ŀ죬ɫŲİףкüûú˯ӡ
ع⳾һȥԶŮ׶ĵʱҲ̸ЦӭУǲȾ˵һƮȻɵģֻȺŮ˾һӻˮ
˪˻ȥקع⳾ϻ˷䡣
ع⳾ֹʲô˼άѵЩ磬˪קʱ벻İ취
ȿԼɡ˪һѰϣ˳ƴع⳾üͷԽԽߣҲ̲סˣǱչػŰϢôңڻ๥㡭
ع⳾üۿ˰ΣѹʲôȥˣԼӡ
԰գع⳾ͻȻ̧ͷûͷûβʵ֪Ҫһ£»ˣԼʹĴۣյĽȷǺõģô죿
˪һ㶣Щȵؿع⳾ƣ˫ۡ
û뵽ع⳾⡣
˭֪ع⳾֪̫ȴ͸¶ֻĬĬΪ˲ع⳾Ǵй¶ĴۣҲߣûʹйص⡣
˵ˣŮһӻˮƾ˪ҹһֶ·Ҳֻƽܸ˼·
ǶԴûʲô뷨ģʲôʺʲô£ദ꣬壬ȻһĬ
˪һۡ
ع⳾Ҳо岻ʱ
εؿЦ£֪ɽٵĴǵĶˡ
ʳ֮ع⳾Żع˰üģҡ
ܶಡˣеʱѾΣ˪ͻȻĲˣҪ֣һ̶ϲãҲкܶΣ֮ܲסҩ֣вͿȥ
ƺЩµ˪ͼع⳾̧ͷ˪Ҳû취һҲֻоȫסǵһƵķֻҪöã֮Ҫٳ־õĲʹĥڱȻҲⲻ˺ܼܿ̿ĥὫĥꡣ
˪עع⳾۾һ̲ͣΪʩ룬ȴڸ
ԣֻĽ
԰գ컯뱻ɵرܿع⳾ջЩ˪Ŀ¶һɹҽʥ֣׹ǵ컯ƣ֢֮ɱţ
߳ȥع⳾˷ţûһڶɽ֮¡
ع⳾ϣģΨܿߣϸϸܵر鲼䣬ľͷ·ǿδ
ǧ߰ʮ֮һΨһ
棬һ̾Ϣ

ļգҹ뾡һа취ֹƽȥɽ٣ĽҪͷƽһܡ
ཫʹ⼸䣬˳ȥӰƽɽٵľ
ҹԺͣһ洫ع⳾侲Ѿƺˣ֮˵֧ŵĹؼʱһȫ²Ϥ۵ƽϣһٶɽƾ
ҹţͷƣع⳾󷨣Ƕǿķءģһͷԣҽ󷨣Ϊ׽٣׼ᣬӽ֮
ȻǿǷĽףӦǲʧģô
ع⳾ƽƶ
ڶع⳾Σԣ˿
ڣ˪ǸͻȻ⣬Դ˼ؿع⳾һۡ
ҹ׻ص䣬շתߡ
ɽֻһҹˣûҵκֹİ취
ҹ˶˯ţҹѧĿĵⲽһƬѧѧֵĻɫԱ涷ޡ
ƽ֮УһԴԸⲻ۵Сڴ󻨵ҶƬ£ܿ¹⡣
ҹ׿ǻ˪˵ֲ֪ʶǺѻе㶾ԣͨҲǸкʹѣͺˣʿǧҪעֻ
ΪʲôʱãȻ֪ʵ
˪شֱֻҽ޳֮Ϊ֮ΪʱĶԲǿһ֮£Աֲ֮עճĵطֻǷǳһ֮ͬ˱˴˼εģϾ˭Ҳ֪⻨﾿жٶԡ
ͻȻģҹͷһһͷɶƵسԺ֮С
ֹ˰梶ɽ٣ǡܱǸأ
ɽʼʱ׵ǿģһʼʧܣǲǾͲδ
ͷһ𣬾һʰ
ԿƵţгĸڣͶɽʧܣ°梻ˣٲᶪҪ˱
ҹֻҪһ۶Щĳ
Ǹ˴ĲȥʵҰġ
һ˰ˣ˽ʣЩֻܵˣǾϲ⡣
ݺһȭڵϣǶ䲻۵Ļ˰죬ʹժǶ亮ѻ

ɽգҹϽǵλ
ãԼûʶҵŤպһǽǶ亮ѻԼĵط
ţѻעٵÿĵʿҲһܽųȥ
һУҹвһԵĿֻţ֪ΪΣܾԼζȲ˰梡
⣬һ˫þע۾¶΢Цܿ۾
ҹԥƬ̣ȥǶ仨ժѾ
ڴ˿̣ؼɫ䣬ű鼰ȫµ˲
ҹȫߣѵλκζľ
۵ĺѻڷƱ֮أţ΢Ķյһƽͷ
ҹĽһߣʱ̹עŴĶɽǴĶ
һ£ƽסˡ
ڶףͬסˡ
ʱҹ׵ıѾЩԡ
ģôܣҹ˻ôܣ
ѻĶӦѾˣһ΢Ķԣ˺ǧһ֮ʣҶɽٵĽ̡
·Ӧƽ˲޷ֿףع⳾Ļ󷨣ӽ֮б
һжҹԿƵķн
ƽǰ̵ĶɽٶƽȣºԽԽǿʢ׽٣Ҳɿ
ֱǵס
صǵ׽֮ǰͻȻӲһ˲֪ʲô
գ֮䣬ײغݺ£ƽ塣
˶Ӧ.ͻǶ˲ҷûκκۼ
ؼ䣬ֻ亮ѻھչţ·ڳЦҹ׵޴
梻ˡ
ҡǱֺġ

֮ҹ׾ʧˡ
ûԼԤȥѰƽʬס
һ֮£ƽʬ׶û¡
ʱˡ
ƽ֮ٽһµ񽵿ܽ٣֮ǰиǿ
ججƴɱһһս֮УҪľȥɱЩ񽵿ܣȻѰطƽһȥˡ
Ƕʱò˲˪Ҳϵ֪ʱ˶á
һһıĿǰ㰲ȫĵطȫȳѪ֪Լɱ˶񽵿ܣȥ
جӳع⳾ҵ
ع⳾ҹףͼǸȴ߰ȥԶ
ĿǣѪɿϣγɰ߲Ѫ裬ҲֻľؿһּۣԼĵӡ
ֱӵذãԭʵأҲͬѪɫ߲
ɱ㹻ع⳾߽
ҹ׳ĬѪɫ»ްͶӰ
ٶҹɳƵ˵ж٣ɱ١
Ȼȥع⳾Щʹ࣬һƽ峺
ҹûлشͼƹķȥ
ع⳾ûֻǻƽû
ҹ۵ͻȻȼһػ⣬ӲŻͷȴٵʲô
ƽû
ع⳾µĸһأĿӣ˫۾
嵭עҹ׻ǵ۵һ˿ʹɫɺֹܿƽ
˵Ұˡ
ҹײ֪Լ˿̵ݣµıϲ֮£о඼ڷʹ˻
ûع⳾ΪʲôҪôֻͻȻ˫棬ѹʹ
˺ѷΣҪЩеʹͻںȫй
ع⳾ǰˣͬ§뻳Уûɱ
ͷҹʹʣع⳾ʧƬ̣ܿع侲
ҹ׵Ŀ̧ͷû˵ȴе
Ϊʲô㣬ΪʲôҪô
ع⳾ȥס۾ͷ˵Ҫƾɽգұչءʵ
ҹ׹ִع⳾¶һεЦʮգʱشݳǧ߰ʮδĽֻһ·
ҹһЩˣºѻɽʧΨһĻ·
ع⳾ºƽעĿһ
ҹȴ޾ĳŪУ˶ĳŪ
ΨһĻ·ɱ˰梡
ع⳾סҹ׿ݵָڣҹףǰףĹ
֪ҹҪʲô֪ĺ֪ʹ࣬ҪԼ
ȴڱƲ
ͬҲɱƽǸˡ
紵ţҹ״ãͻȻʵûģ
ع⳾ͻȻЦ£嵭Цݣһš
ţҰصȫĵطûκҵ
ȥȥȼδĳҹ
ҹ۵ţþû˵֪òع⳾
ع⳾Ҳûٶ˵תҹףҪһ¡
ʲô
ָ۵ķ࣬ƽȻ˵
ҪȥһֱȥȻڹδ
仰ǵȼҹеϣСĵ̧ع⳾
Ƕδ𣿡
ع⳾Ц
һҹ̸Ƕˣؼ֪
ҹմӦǸȴʹ಻ļƻڻجʱ֮Уȴδĳһδٶꡣ
Ӧĵգع⳾Ϊ֮ٴֻõػӣ
ҹع⳾Ľռһһҹշĵֿװɿƣʼĵȴ
л˵


198 
㳤űƽԭģԭص, ջ˻Уҹ׻һ
ƽվãʵҹ׵û˵ԭ, ƴգҲܲ³
Ѫ츳һҹȻת̬ȺͲһеҹּγ֣ɸʱȴӲŹ, Ȼδʽ, Ӱȴʱʱ̶̿Ӱع⳾
ԭ򲢲Ѳ¡
ֻ˶ôδ㽫֪ǲ뽫ص, ֻǾýȻû壬ǱտڲԣֻǳĬе, ֱˡ
ǻްȴֻһҹ˳ʷ֮, Ĭ
ƽŻ鼹, ιһ, ͣⱾ῿ĳһҳ
ϵĳһʱģ˾ƺͲ裬Ǹģ˶Ⱦơů, ع⳾ڼвˣҹƽ, һըĽ˵Сڿ, ͷԺ轣, ö˪´˪һȥһЦøӿġ
Ļÿ궼ửһһҹֻ˹ȵļʮѰһڡ
˼οܲԸˡ
ƽĿӨӨ
ҪǶβѻ˺ʷ׳⣬ȴҪȫµ˶֪ҹ׵֣֪ǵĹ¡

λ⼸գȫµ˶һãȻ״̬֮С
ȫһǧ꣬˵ףλ˲ȫѷ죬ֹ֮ٶ⣬Ҳû֪λ¾Ĵĸı䡣
۴ѧ΢ɽһ۲㣬ȫһϵб仯оϢϢҲĶԺĲѧӼ۲㣬£ѧʽ档
ΪǰԺѧӣѧ˵ʲô֮Ǳƭ򹤵ˣ۵ʲõس۲ˡ
⼸죬ϵԸصҪ΢ɽȥΰݣҲв˻Ϣˣ۲̲ص˻ȥĸı䲻С£ɶʱоҲдĽչһͨ¸صķҶƽϢʱѾǾպ
⼸죬ŵĻǹλı仯
λѣҹ۲죬⼸֮صŨ̶ǿĿǰڳ֮Уλأ
ǲݣ¥λһ
΢ɽĿǰ֪Ũ̶ߵһأԶʤӦö˰ɡ
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֮⣬λûио֮ʩչøˡ
ܷǳԡ
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ʼ˲²ˣˣ˲˲ѣڻԣ˵ҲյĹ򣬴ףѾеλգϵˣֱۡ
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ʮգһݽλӰоϸ˵һԼĪºﵽֵڷֵȶһʱٿʼƽ½ֱȶĳ̶ȣĿǰ֪ǣȶŨ̶һڸߡ
⣬ݸŸɼλɹ֤ܵʵطͬλ©õȫ
ǲʱ̵еţĻϥԵرӶꡣ
һж
ǷѧԺеоβһλʱھ˼ߵȣ⣬Ҫԭڡǻλ˵ġ
˵Ҫ̫ʷ
ս½һʱ̫ʷңȫ˽ٿһ쳣ļ飬̫ʷȫʮ߿Դ̫ʷΪߵӡʱı棬ϸµĳĳĳ˵ĳ仰ܳΪ̫ʷҽֵµϡ
̫ʷЩûܻصȥܡ
˿黪ܽϰԺܿŭڽϰƤӵѹԸ˵µٺģ仰ǰȥġ
ڴߣֳţνӦ˾䣺š
ʱ䷢̫£˭ҲûʵʵڽϰԺΣ¸ƳƽԶ֣̫ʷл͵͵Ӻ˳ȥ
ƽ˷ܵһ·ܹϻźΣʦ˵ǰû£
ԣ˲һŵǷ

˸һɣƽ˸תۣ˷׷׿ȥ
ƽüͷš˼ʦʼֽ̫ܵ񽻸ˡ
лοʦǰƾ£񾳽Ѿȶ˻񾳳ڣܵĹ涨ԪӤڱɳʦѾԵˣƷ̫񽻸㣬Ҳ֡
ֻ֪ǡвͽҪ顣
ֳĬ
˭֪ڵͽ˭ǸˡҲ̫ܻܵͽˡ
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199 ̲ͷ
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ȻҲЩ˲еİӿ
ݺȻغߣѾвٵĺܹߵ
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, ӵҲþ棬ܡԺƵϢЩ˼
̫λϰĴѾ, ܵŹ棬Ѿ˿Զһʱ򣬶ߵλҲѾʼ̫תԷС
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⼸ձ㴫ϢܵѧȥҪ˵Ϣ
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һжڰнУЩϢӰ֮΢й¶һ㣬Ļ̡̻
˶³ⶼλйأڷ籩ĵѧȴŽգ˲²Եɡ
ǣЩƺΪһɡ
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Щ۷׷׵ǲ֪ǣʵֹ֪䣬ѧѰ䡣
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˪ķϸһȦŷһᣬȷĻ
ѧѾ챻ˡ
΢һžǹϢҲˡ
׼ǴǰǸŵ磬ȵӰ̧̧ġ
յĹնɻһںĳԱϤ룬ÿڳʮļҪһŲߵӡ
˪״Խ̯Ӹ۲ˣԼͷ˻
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Ѿˣ찡̾Ҽͽ㣬ֱøԶ㽫һжʦˡ
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ĵǵĽ⣬ͺѲ΢ͼīҹ
ˣһǵӸһǳ˦ƹ´δĹҲýһ飬ľǼ׵ӡ
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ĵӣҶӡϢ˵꣬ؿ΢ʵ˵ƵѵСƺѾܾδ¶ˣĪڱչأƵѶаţ
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΢ԽԽ졣
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˭ʱһֱԱߵͷ廨û˵˪ͻȻһ˵ҪѧҲøѧǡ
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֪ʱȫ¶ѰҵȻ
ƽεʱһߵѩ򼾽ı仯ı䣬ֵ⻨ȴʢţ½΢ҡҷš
ʵһġƽڽϯضİˮմʪЬ⣬Щ
īָתתȥתЩëˣͷתͷƽһ£ƽס֡
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ܶ飬ֻҪһܳ״
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ǹһǧģع⳾ȴַ·Ϊ׼һС
Ųߣ׼ÿһȥҹ׵һǧ꣬ԼҲ˽ȥ
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ع⳾飬ǡǡ෴ع⳾еƵǴ󰮶С顣
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Ϊݲ̫ȴעܸı˵δֻѡǸΨһ⣬۹лж
ֿɵõδϣһΪҹףԼҲͨδΨһһ
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ƽһվṴЦݱҪЩ˭
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һһպͽɱԼϤҹ׵קţһ·׹֮С
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΢̯֣ĸҡ
ʱ䣬Ժĳտʼ
ֻ΢΢ԺѾʣϢһӶѧӼ߹
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Цһ˪ھ̲Щ㹻ȫĵط޴Ľϻֻ̲ͷɽͼĽ֮С

׹΢ᣬۣӭǶ̲
ͷճǸ졣
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ڴˣҪھѻĽ֮ɱñ˺Ĵĵۼ֤һС
ٸκ˺Ļᣬҹ׵׷ѡ
Ǳһձ̲ϣɽͼΪ磬ɿõȴ޿ٴδ硣
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ɽͼǸòصǧǰ磬ҵĹ԰ɽӡ
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200 ȥ˼
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ƺ̲ϣ˼λĵɹ飬֪⽭ϿڷһʷĴս
״κһɶս, ƽܵѹǰδС
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˲ϢԭĻ𣬲֪ΪΣһ˲һʱ쾹汻ϵۡ
ƽ΢ۣ׽ʧ
»
Ӧòǡ
ʲôˡ
ʧ񲻹Ƭ̣΢̧Ļ㱻Уʧһɶ
̧ɵƺЩ·ʧģССֶҶ˽ãֱӵ㡣
ްĴָʳָԣָɿ任ͻȻ֮зɳ˽ϵİ޹⡣
ڱߣͬҲɱ˸֪
ƽʱԼؽϵڴ˿̱жϡ
Աָۣطתī
˿̣ǳī׿ʼȾٶȼ仺ǽغϣīɫȾɵЬףЬ¶һ˿ۼ΢Լδ
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һƽкɽʱѾȫʢ״̬ôЧˡ
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ǧһ֮ʣƽ̧֣īֱ£ƫУǻʵһâ
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Ϊʲôҡ
Ƕգƾʲôܻƾʲô㣡
һˣܿǵ𣿣

־ãƽӵеУڵС
ƽ֪Լ˿״̬Щ⣬Ǹ͵º󼴽©ɸӣ˼ʢ֮ʱȴҲǼȶ֮ʱ
˼άƺѾ뽭ϵǳսԶȥȫȻĿơ

̲ϣռϷ硣
ɳü΢Ŀɨ˾еĳһ۵Ľ䡣
￪һ仨һɫСҶƬ֮Уۡ
ⷽؼҲΨ仨ʵ֮䣬𽥶ɱī۵ĻӰС
飬ɽͼ顣
Цһû뵽ɽͼͻƿڷ˲۵һ仨ϡ
е֮˿Ѿѹȥƺ˺Ѫ⣬ȫȻûзָᵯܹɽѺз·׵
磬ĵ֮ɾƽ
ȫȻûвǴ׿ʼȾīɫѾϢӵСм䡣
ƽڿУ״̬ǹ졣
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·ھʲô޴Ŀ顣
ĵּڻһУûҪĥ
ͷһʶĳ⡣
ѵѾһˣ
뷨ľ
ɬһ˲Ŀƽϣüͷ壬·ج֮У
ϣȻ飬ˮ峺ɫ
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뵽伫ΪǸ硣
Ǹھ֮ϣ֮ڣǧߡ

ϵδϾϤİųƽȴѳˮᵽˣֻĿ޻硣
һشȥ
ģÿˣֻв֮ʱվ񡣡
ΪʲôңΪĺˣһȺԸ͵֮еˡ
ƽ£նɸһ鱮Ͽǧǰǵ֡
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תļᶨ;ݣһȥ
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ƺǴǵ֮ʥʡ
ƽδߵĽŲǻ·ᡣ
˲ᣬΪβţʿ׷֮쾭壬ܹ㡣
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