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ڱѹǧգħŮ쳹أѪȾ
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
޵Уħͷ⣬֮ʱ;ƿݣ
ħȫֻ֮ҵתл֪
л֪һؾ䣬ɽ£֦ѩȻ
Ȼʱ֦ѩѱħ̷ĥ˺ۣѪָ쵽۽ǣʺ졢ȣŮͬȵѪ
̧л֪򥣬΢Цôҵͷ
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ʿӣħū
ټʱлɢ㡢ŮħͷУԴ̾ơ
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䰴ЦԹԣιһյɡ
Ķָϡ
bgbGBԪء
ݱǩ ж ֮ ֮
ؼ֣ǣ䣬л֪  ǣ𾪵  
һ仰飺ֻҪΪᡣ
⣺úðԼ


1 
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վħײˮǰ̫õĺڰ֮Ŀʶһ̧ۣһһɫͫ
˵ôأһѹħͷѡһˣŵŵӵķΣιħ壬ǲǺܾû˵˰Ǹư𣿡
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޴ϷĩխǶĹӣ˿̾͵ùǣѪԡ
˵ǲǧ˰ʣʦ˵ħһѹǧǰ֮ħ㸲磬Ż˼䡣Ҫǵн³ѹ¾͡
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һеĵҵػζһ¡
ħ飬ƾЩˣôصסħŮǽϵŤѿͣûн̺ǣһֹ룬㲻֪ô
ʿİ͵ǰ
ѾѹסˣҪȻҲġҺǽζȥһϪƵĴ֣˳ϵŵǸ˵ͷѪǷӡĶȻƾʦʮʲôã
Ķļƫһ磬˺һѪ
ĬƳȥһۡ
ѸٵŤ뿪ˮεϷЦ˵С㻹ǵͷȥɣҳ֪һ㣬ᱻȵġ
һѾӡסħͷѡǰħȻҥ˵ָԴɱħµĽѲɻȹ²ңҲ䣿
Ļ䣬ǽϵ黺ЦݡڵƻӲĺڰħϷаħһģҵĳЦ
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ħӿسײŷӡ
ˡڼĹһ˲䣬ֳֻܸ뷨
ħġԭ͡
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ڹؼκͷкȥӳīһڳɫ
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Ϲһֻ
ɿ֣ңԶɽĺ·Ŀ棬ƺƬء
૵˵һ䣬һˡ


¯ȼһ̨̣ʦȻ񵭵ĽѬ֮£ϵС󡢵̨ߵèޣȫ
֮У֪ԶĵطȻһ죬ͬݡӶʱ֮󲻹ӣһɽѶƲȻһ¯ϡ
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죡̰´Ѷʦ֪ͨɣ
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л֪һīڡüһɫӡ䣬Ȼһ֦ͷϵıѩ
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лҪ˵СлΪʲôҡ
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Ÿĵľ磺-----컯ڹ˻óͬԭ򣬾粻ȫʵ
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1ĺGBԪأӣСġ캮ůˮ
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2 
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գħټͬ˳ҹϣ̤˵أַƼǧᡣ
ħ·ϵεδѪսߵĲ֫Ϲ䡣
ûȥʧ֮˵ĲкǿҰ彫ǿΪֲ˹ÿһѪﶼеҳϡԼǿҵսЩŮ³çսߣֻħ嵱ᶼһġ赭дһʡ
ѹͷ­ȴȵ
䴵˴̨ϵĻңأˣ
ʱڵǽӰӰֳһӰһ۵ħ壬һɫĽǡ
ˣļιһɼǵˡ·еˡ
Ŀͣ˿ϡĽ˺ۣһֻĴħϣԿ̳˼İ̡
ĥһ»Ǹ˻ҧ飬ݼ֨³һЦЦסˡ
Ů£ϵصͷߴǻȮһСȡ
šתת󣬡ûȫ
ħǿħһһյأ嵱Ȼᡣ䱻ѹΧʮħ򼸺ȫ˹ȥƳ衣
еĿⶢţȻ֪ζʲôħҲȫףŮźεδ˫ѹһħˣ൱ڡӴԺ󣬹Ρ
ǾȰʮħɡһ˵һߴĽǣǸˣ֪˵˭ɣ
˫ӿ̵⣬ÿһ񾭶
𣬡صĸζпתһ飬ҵȻ󡭡Ҫ֣˺顣
žţֻнĺ³Լͷߵ׵졣
ǡ
ڷڶһͬħϣײ࣬ɱڡ

ħڵĶ̫Ƶս±ϵеġ
̶ֳȵǿᣬһ򲻹置֮µĺܵӰ졣ʦԴħѺ󣬵һԭӯȻѪսͬʱܵصħš
Ӧս£ȻƣΪʦĲƽţҹл֪ڵϣ粽롣
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װҩһڵѡ
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϶û뵽ٴμ棬Ҫ˰żָ׵֣϶˺ħʵħ˼粻ɣزҶ㾿ǺڻǷŭ˵˱֮ʱȴ벻ǶǴ⾿ǺأǺͿأ
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ҲǷȻɣ˽ᵱǶȻҪԼħǾͲҵ֡
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Ҿ˵ŽѾˣȻ䣬ȴһһģһתηЦӣȰôҪŮҪˡ
л֪ȻüĿ˪һԲ
ҡҡͷʦ;ƿݣɡϻӣ˸ʦɣ϶ҲȰȰ
˻һɹη壬˻ʱʹתȻһۿȥ֪л֪ݺᣬǾ˫ţûгɵţ޺⣬Ҳں
ڷ˵֮ʦسл֪½ǣеĽ£ŻһѪԹԹֺαظһתƽϡ
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˵գӹʦ۳һѪĵл֪սײһ𣬺˸˸
˽һɲ͵˷ݵĶˣֱֱɳȥһɣ춼ڽ⵶Ӱײһ˲
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ǵӾӵķ
л֪һͣѿڵס֣
û뵽һӻͦģžתĹ˰ɡ°ͣЦеתħѪϴĻԷ
ֻɵһ֧Ǳ޵ףȻλ磬ûôӴܹž̵ħ壬ҪѪϴôһ졭練ơ
ǣʦڵ¡
л֪߬˽
лӡҪʼɱŶ
㡭
ŮҪֻ㡣ֻҪһȥЩˣȫ⡣Ǵˣѵ֪϶ǰֹ˼νķ㻹뿴ɣ
⻰л֪Դ
ͣڰУ۵ħӣġ
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ġл֪ħԴҵʬȥ
һ£һɲǣЩƷһ˵Ӱӡ죬ֿ¶һŷ̧ģֻҪлӸߣбµһħ˺еκ
ħԵ׭ڰȼնâ壬л֪΢ĵĽ³һ
еĳûüģħ·
ȡһԽ̲סһ䣺֪߻ʲô³𣿡
л֪ü΢̬ûб仯ص޷ɢѡ
лҪ˵䣬硣ԡʫСš챣ԭΪɽ縷꣬紨֮֮㣬֮ɽ֮٣干ɰ֮ï޲Сʳơ硱
֪գԲϷԭΪһ˫̥֡


3 ط
ˡ
缸֪ϤʵմĶ
һʼšɱ˿鶥𣬳⣬ϻû֪ڵһս֮󡭡ﱸյ󷨽ѹơħͬʱȼѪҲݽߡ
ʱرɫѩ׷ס߹źڱУһɹǣΪɻҡ
Ĭã棬Ժݷһֻбޣſ죬¶ʳΪǡ
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Ƥģ
ѻͷ
俴ѻ¶һЦݣվɫĳ׹ϵıײײ˵졣
áһȥɡ


ħҪߣ½ȫαװΣҲʮҵ¡ûⲼã˵Ⱥͼ尾
ο̫֮л֪
һ̤ϵͲ޷֧𹦷תȻЩ˵Ѷ˽ǣѹֺͷյĸоκһʿеͿ־塣
ֱõǸסۻ󣬿̼ϡصѾ˫ĥƤǵѪ
ǰǼħ壬Դӷ֮ЩѶ߾ڲͣһЩϡŹֵ⣬Щ⣬𰸡
תôʲôҲ֪һòŮħһǣ֧°ͷѶ¼е㱩꣬Ҫץˣ֪ͨѻȥţŮ²ǻѷԴš
ˡһƣ̾˿ѾԹĸ֮ˣô벻أ
᲻װã
Сǹ̵ġ
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˱ӦûɣȻ䲻˵ôһ䡣
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л֪Ѿۡ
룬޷ɢѡұʿУαηһ
ȫȴʶľȻ˵ĶԻΡȻһƬ޲УȴȻһŲܿƵԴ
׵ײպͶ׹춯ѸݵĽŲϵѻᣬĺĦָʱϸ΢졣
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ļһѶˣǳǳĺ۽Ǳߣϸ΢Ѫ
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һصǲ˵һУټ棬֮ǣȴ·ʶһֶĳ
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¶һ΢Ц˵Ҫͽܣǹͬĵӡ㷢ֵϢʴ֮ȴԥɱ
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˳羴Ĵʿľޣȴһ¾ϡ־ʵ׵ĸоΣɱһ޹ŮĸоΣûߵУ£
ּסл֪ʺԳʱֻɿ֡
˺벽ƽһԳƵЦ
ҵ㣬ΪʲôҪô˵Ҫž־ԸɱϷŹҵ֪һͬ߱ĺʮص֪ѡһģˡ
һסħ顣ûǣл֪ܵħϮѹƣĹʹޱȣ˲ڵϣЩĺ϶ҪԺؿԡ
ӵĴϢУĽŲ˶ȵָϡ
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һѧҵͷġһ㣬£ˡ
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۾ˡ


4 
ǹ˴ʹħʧˡ
л֪ϱֵļ尾ûȫȥģ˵
ǰɣС۾ôƯŮҲ̫ϧ񡭡
ûǿʿʶû۾Ҳ޷
ԵѹôǿңʶҲǸϹӡôࣿ诣
һħŮǰڼǰл֪ĥһҪڵ۾ʵֻ̣ˣαŪôѪ졢õġ
˵̫ͬħڲѪܵս״̬ǺܳԺͿȵġ
㶯ְɡ
诵˵ͷϸֳһȦ״ɫħƣ˫͸ȻĹΣڽӴǵ˲䣬л֪ǰΪһƬڡ
ܵĴ˫С
ڶݵʹͳײ֮ϡоһűĶϲĽײ
ˡ͵ȥɡ

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л֪ûеȥϢ̫Ũĵط˿ܡĳȷΧڣ˸һѱĽ䣬ĬؽŴڸС
شħ룬Ե̫֮ѺãлΪҲñѹơ粽С
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ûʶȥܣʹʶԺһ޷ܵոС
˵ôȥչͽ˰һݾŲһߵԶﵽɽǰһ䡮ûнġ˸˻ȥĵӡҪҵĻһ˽Ϊ㡣
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л֪Ҳǽ¡
䳤šһģĵ壬߽ǣϤϢ޶¡
ְסļ磬ϸأϺΪ֪һ߽ǣƵЦ߽֮̾ˣõ֮ϻѪ̨һбܽκһ塣
л֪ûжĴڱ޿ɱܵ£ٶֻʾѡ΢ͷһڼϵ
ŮҪΪ𣿡
ս磬ͫڹ¸רһĽ˵֮Ǳһο塭һλ˵ġ
ЮһϢҾƵĴ㡣л֪߬סҲˣĴֱ¶˪ǧ̬֮
ǰ˵ûл֪ˡܡ
Ҳ𣿡ʡ
һ
䴽ߵЦջ֣벻Ҳ취һжģѵػšʹȥ
л֪Զԡ
վϵʹòԷȻûʲôģɴӵβĵطԹԵسȥˡ
Ĵֱ˺ܲʣл֪ź˺һ»˪׵Ĳӡһٺۡ
뿪֪ȥ˴βȻѾٹȵʿħϳڣķȫתϵˮл֪ڶ޵֮;ϾΥظоƣ롣
˲֪á

Ϊ˻ħ֮ĵط谵һղ̫ʱжʧ
ܣȼһС
ʱڴϡ
һж˼ףϵ¶棬˳⣬谵Ļ
л֪һѣͲˡʵڲáȥһ
Ǹ˵е֮ء
ӿĴ󺣣ѾǧסѩѻɽǴڴЧ̫Ϊ֮ѩƮ»ҫ
һ·ضûУûκӰ١
뵽ʱǾԼĻʼָ̧֣ĥĥ³һ˵εʲô𣿡
л֪Ӧһ£ŷ
ûС
ûð֪ɵ𣿡
л֪Ӧͼɵļλͣ˵ҪסޣͬһЩչ
Ҫȡȿȡл֪ס䳶һƺϲ廰
ȱ͸ħ塣ýźҲ뵽ʲôˣǵۡ͸ֻķѡҡ
Ŷ̫صȻǳߵϵʿ˿ڡз˵̫΢ˡοչˣλֱץߡ
лָ֪ŴأָףһԳ侲һͿƣزҲƲסʱ
ʮҲлСĶǶȴݻš˵һЦƵģѲƶ޿ɺǡ㣬еЦ
Ů
䣬硣֡
л֪ͣһ˲еɬ裬硣
תͷȻȥ˼ɬؿ
ǰѳƺǰģﱩǵɱڳɱͷڡ⣬û˵ȥ
ȫʦʬǡлĳƾȡãȻǰԹʵڲ֪һбӦԸе¡

ҪǱƺħŮһûޱȣЦ³⼸ʱȴԺ˲Ϣ䷭ӿĻڼģ߲ĥ
ʱҲĻУؽ˵ǡӴԺϺȥ

ؿ͵һŻ̧߬סлָ֪ˡûõָڣȻӿЦ⡣
ʲôأ
ҡ
ֻϵָװɡȻʵ˵ֻоʹġ
лҪ˵Ů˴ղһ˫õ۾


5 
һЩòȻα˵ԳƵһ̹ʡ
硪лֻ֪֣ƾںչʦЩʱգѾнħŮ˽˸šʦ˵Ʒܻˣˡ
л֪Ĭֱֶ׵ĿĲĽǶȣֻܿڵĶ
Բͽ͵ؿǱ⡣ڽһ׼ʹǼƷ
ִл֪ǰĳУɫ۲ϻ䣬¶ηյ˫ָۡһ£ʶΪħƻ˫۲ܼ⣬ͻᡣ
ʿ˵ħһж̫߱ԡǵİޡ
Һ߻谵ĻεסΨһĹߡָȥסĺ󾱣Ұ֮˴ƷĶ
˵㲻ô
л֪ŮŹҡ
һЦ֪Ӧ𡣼ȷܡ˳ӣϲʱϲòˣ޵ʱֺ޲ðĶ˺˵ǿʵ뷨ִ
ú繵еصһġ
лֱ֪һ
Ǳ˴˶֪ⲻ֮İһꡢٵ̫õĺޡйΪζҡᣬʹࡣʹ಻ֹҪл֪ܣҲɱ⣬Ƿҿһ˰̣ʹĿ⡣
ҪһϴһʵֵԸһûн䡣
лָ֪׺ƯԲͨ͸ֻ޳־͸ÿˡȻսģԺиľȻڴƻ
ָһɹ̵ϢǵָϣڽӴָʱְĴСľʹһ˲
ѪŪ
лָ֪ʹ÷Ѳͬ£Ѳ
ǸĽһȻнʸ
žһβָָױħѪҺεδ˳żȥ
л֪Ϣȫҡ÷飬ָʶزܣҪ̵޵ز˲΢ɢķ˿
ѧúģ֪˵
л֪ڴ齱ߣٶҵشϢܾĶһһ¼򣬶ʶɪˣĦĺ󾱣ȻúǰһİˤˣһЩʹ࣬չֳԼķѵģ
ʼͷʹһЩڡ
ڵûô̫뿴ķѵӣǶһòȻĽ
ħ̫̼»ûԼղءϵָףл֪Ѿ۵ôĴҧһĳݺۣѪ
Ķһ£Ȼζɿ֣ԼҲûôȡãŪһ˵ƺ̫״еõ֡
ֻʣл֪֧ĺħĹβż˦졣ûл񣬾ͱβ;ס׶ٵ˴ϣԽĻ
ħȵϢڶϣ̵ֱӡֺ̧֣ܲͷ˳˳ıص̫֮塣һʲô̫֮ħ巸
л֪۵òѣŶ£Ȼ˵ܡ
ü죿
л֪ҧõְֻ˰ԼϵӳüΣҪˣҪԼͼɡ
֪ѧģһԼ𣿡
һ˵һ̧ӡ۾Ȼˣȴһ㶼ûۿۣȻֻ̫ˮ˿ȥ٣۽Ƿź죬е
лͳĬģر
俴һźðΣȻƲߣ˻޵ô滨ģ˾ķ
ô˵л֪ųٶ۵طӦˡǵ˵ǰʲôԭ򣬶˸е̫ǱҪֲãֱסˡ
֮ǰڳŵȵָ˹ֱزۣ۽ĥøˡ
ֲڵزᣬ֣̿ƿתͷδϾĻ
һʬ塣ʦʬûȤݣ㻹겻ʲô
л֪Ƭ̣е΢ƣݡ
ͷƳһۡ
л֪û˵ȥֻǵȫҡ
۴˵͸һʵζ䲻Ծۣڴ˸Ƿءֲصó
鲻ȴǶ˵û
л֪ǵһα˵ҺϰԼҲסԼûбֵ̫Уżɫ
˫±֮ǹĴʹнʧβͻһԣ΢Ųһ£ܿĹβڴ齽ļӱϡ
ֲҹ
û˵ֻ˵ĺƺСΪͷʹ˯Ҳãѵò˯š
л֪ĺһ˲䣬ʶһɱĺʱַܿ뷨ɹʵ̫ͣ׷Ըӣȥ£ΪܴܸǷĺ
뷨ȥ֮һ¾ֲƵͷ
л֪޵ͳʦĹŵӡǰ򵥣Ϊ֮⣬չءͻƣǧƪһɡﲻ
ֿʱֻһֵóΪȤǾǰͬϵݣȥزЩꡣԿвӿŵһЩĵ򡭡ЩȱĹ߻ħ԰ף൱ڰһλʿޱ档
һδּƮݷдһЩƽľ顣
л֪֪˭дλ˵뻯˳˽֮⣬ﻹżűġѾʧЧĴѶ顣
ʱǾҲǧǰÿһ϶ʺʵǧǰսȻڶսѯ֮ǰһ䣺
ƽ񣿡
硭
̾Ϣ˽ֳƺǱΨнɡôҲ벻ԼȻ֪Ϥģ벻ͨΪʲôֽ˼˵ĹϵΪʲôȴݱ䵽ء
ڽ˵һǧ꽻õ֪һѹһħ֮ѵƫִϷ¡磬Ҫ
лҪ˵䣺ݡ
Сл˵öԡ
䣺Ƴ
Слûз˼


6 ÿ
գǾʬ壬Ǳħ彫ʿǵŮл֪˳ӵġν
说һīɫİߣǰֵֻīûջȥŸ첲ϵķһͬԶʦǵӰ
ôõϣ͸ˣ
Ҳ޵˵ʬ
ǰħ֮Ĵ˷ʽŮҪõ̫ˣָָӣˡð
ȡؿһ£İתƳһۣ˵ѣˣҲܶ˵֡
请˷ߣ֪
ħѪȻŶǿߵҳϣȻٲֹǿ档
˽̸֮䣬ǾʬѾˡչԼİĵУҲʧΪһֺõĹޡ
л֪ųΪȱĳĴ󷢡ΪϾҪ˴ߣǰžɵеĶŴУóʱÿ¡
ÿµа취ô෽ûܻǰ䡣
Ů𣬻ִ̫ˡ
读׿˿ϵұۣǽǰѡȴаնƣ䵽δСϣŮġ֪ˡ
첻Ȼ££ʱս䣬Ϊļڡ֪֮»ħ塣ѽ޵ı֮뽣޼û
Ψһǣǽ޾߱һǣͿһнÿס׽ʱڵġ֪ΪĪʺų⣬Ľ档
ÿλòĥת˻⣬;Ҫսеʮħ򣬼ϵÿлһʱ᲻ߵ
ǲǸã诺ȻŮȥʮħ򰡡
˵ҲȻǸڶʮ㤵ϢȤζĥĥļ˵ϣܺúӪС֪³ʣѾܾûˣ˿ڶʮ
ֿһϵˣССһ䡰̬ʲôģֱˡ

Ϸʱ򣬷ֻûϡ
ľֻ𽷢һ͸Уӹ࣬Ʋɢ
뿪ħصһ̣صĵʧл֪ۿɼϢͨ࣬ĵ»ָתϵ˿ڶôʹˡ
ʱûĻл֪һøһ㡣
ѾЮһĵѹǷ֮ǰƲ㣬ֻĦϵ˿ڣл֪㱼Ϊһ̾ͰԼָ顣
䲻µġ
²ذһȻ״ظһķ˿˫۵ĳ΢Ĵдǰϣбˣ˵İ
ֻܴиеսĺ⡣
ʲô֮߳ǰʳ׼ô
л֪Ĭ
䲻İ˵ͺֻܰڵһպͷ˿ǸСһְϵʶųȥ
㡭
ҪɵսˡƮƮص
ϣл֪ѱɸĲսëſʶӹȥԺӳΧ
֮£Ķ֫ķгԵѪһһε¢СѪл֪͵ײһ¡
ƣ⧲رѪ̴̲סס˶ǣشһ
䶢
һŸһģһתϿġ˵顣Щָоˣϲޡ
⡭
Ŷ֧򥣬ʵ˵ʦֵܵʬ塭
л֪ٿһֲʹطſʶһΣ佫˻ȥĸ֪ȫŮ˵ĿƵУһ㹻Ӳǽ
ҿ˵
ƭġ
лֱ֪˴üͷƽȵ˵ºαء
û˵꣬ʶȫ˻һϹӣΧӰоˡһƬɵУƺܺõʣҲ²£׵ӣǲҪͿָ̿ˣ
ʵʿħսۣ쳾ֵ̡ԴҲ඼֮ء
л̸֪Ҳ˼ǣָһ
Ŀ˵ĥ㶼òˡ
л֪£ü⣬ŵԶĿܸУһ벻ˡ
䱾ƺÿµϢܺõԵʣȻЦеعסĲסһֻСèһԼǰ̫֮ͷһڡ
ȵļĺ󾱣һȵĻ
лֻ֪ܡʶصֵֻϵıӲļУսӡŷ·ӡŵħ˺ܲӦŲŲ֣һƬȵĵط
ͷһ֡
л֪˲ʶԼؿڣָŲȻûɹӵȥǴ챧һƵģβͶס
л֪֮޷־룬ǻ¶䡰ʹáһƵģĳ߰ãоԼķβÿϢ̵ùȥ
˵ǰҾôջ󵽵ġ
ǰл֪һ£ʲô
㲻ǵáԷյսβͣҪǿҲԪ֮Щ˶Ϊķϣһûú㡣
л֪˼ͣת
ǸǶˣֻǡ֪
ڴ˿̣ͻȻ٣񸡿գڳݵǰס
ħͷȻСʦ壬ˣ
л֪˲һλʦֶд㣬Ʋʱĳݣ֪£˽ǰ
סļ磬ûлЦδһƬİִ̧˸ָ𽳵Ŵ󿪣ֻһ
Сʦ壡֮Ǹޣ¸òֻжʮ¡
ҪͲһˡִӼ򻬹ȥͣĲߣ˳סǶл֪˵ģұ졣
л֪ס½ǣס˼ȴһֶ˵
޸Ϊʦ壡Ůħͷ/ħ
֪л֪ת˲࣬°Ĳ²Ҳ廨ţ˵硡Ӳ֪Ķһ䣬ŭ졢ߵعˡ
һ£ȻЦˣŶӵζ治ˡҲãȥչžۡ
㡪
ϧѾû¸ȥˡһ̣̹ǵħӳӿ˳㽫ްգۼҪ˺÷飬ͬʱȻѿһ϶һġޱߵĹ
ΧĹ߶ŤƬ̣ħУλѾ֪٣ԭֻʣһԼ꣬Űɫɮ¡ͷŷӡһСɳ֡
ӷ𡣡СɳÿŮʩ
͸¶ҵλáְ˾£Ҫ̽ʲôأ
Сɳգգۣк֮£Ůʩһ
ӣ
Ϊϴȥ徣ӴһССɮСɮʦЩ취֮⣬˱ֶΡɤ۵ص˵ֲ꣬˼СͷȻСɮʱ˵ӣģлСɮǾʶǲẦġ
Ͳôɿ
л泯л֪˸񣬡ɻǵʮǰƷϣСɮ羭գʤ£
䶢ۣ˶л֪Ľ
л֪ѣľԼľżֻδ𣺡ǵáлӾʦֶ´αôΣյˣк֮£ûС
ŤͷƳһۣ
л֪еɳƣ鲻صҲС
лҪ˵ܸСлhhhh
ϷϹŰ~~


7 
·ʮħϿմһƬ⣬ԽǧɽˮһƬӵɽ֮䡣
𽸩£һɽˮУơҶŹġÿ¡֣ߵĶΪοͣ쳾סˡ
һƬžɮ˽ŲȻ֮ͣŲ΢٣תͷŮʩãѵȺʱˡ
ǰǸÿµĻ棬ֻλӼ£ֻڵ޲ʱƽƼ˼ÿҲס
еȺҲΪƳӡˡ
俴л֪һۡ
̵Сɮչ˺лġ
ЦһСеչ
˵Ůʩ룬лһ֮ġȻˣСɮȻúñҲС
һСеĹͷָвͺưһѣûҲûϣֻǴߴһ˿΢Цص˵úãСУҪǻлĵĻ
ۣ˫ֺʮСɮҡ
ȵáӰʧವػعͷԾشл֪Ƭ̣ȻӷΪ㱻ץˣǻ˺üǧĴǰ˺ѹˣ۾ôˣ
л֪鲻䣬һԼʼϵָϹˡ
ҡҡͷͯͯص˵⻰ʱʼðŶˣл
ǸСģΪȴʵʵģл֪ڵڵĵλ·߹ÿµʯ·һıյУڼžֻзһһ֮顣
л֪ʲô
ÿµʱ֮һⱾ¡ڷŵ֮顣ס֮⣬ֻǰΪӵܶãǼʹ÷˾ǷҲֻһƽƽ֮顣
Сɫģл֪棬ܾţ㱼Լĵˮ
Žϸˮ֮УӦѾ֪˰ɣת֮˵
л֪ĬƬ̣Ȼа취Ǿҿô¡Ȼ֣֮ôȫȻܣ
淭˹顣
䡪
ҳֽƿɲǣֽҳĽ⣬·һΪصԺ
л֪ԺеľʧȥУʶסǣͻȻǰӾָˣٿشӼžΪһƬѩء
ããѩǰһ̳¥̳ѩϵζУһ˿Ũʶصͷһٵĺӡ
һ׵ġഺ塣ؿѪɴɵӿȾϵ˪ɫۡ
л֪˲˵Ǹˡָʴһնɱִٵز鿴˿ڣȴָס죬³һѪ˵ǣȡȡ
Ⱦ㣬
л֪ĴԼֵ±⣬ڴ˿̣ǰȼŵġ¥ˣڶѵķУ˵䡣
Ѫس塣˿ʤѪݹȼɫ˫ۿͫȫճ˻棬ħƲֻһˡ
ǾǱϵĺۼ
л֪ɣ˻ʬ壬һԼҲ޷ŵ侲עĬȻţһжҰɡ
ȻԤĶԻûеƳԭ͵˲Ϣסļ赽ϣںѩһܣ£ȵĺ̵˿Ҫ
л֪룬ļ䣬İޣ޹ء
л֪ݲ壬ֻ롣ȻҲûпڣ߬סϢѹƵüƵػ硭
סĺƺΪħ̫ãǱٱʧص˺ҧĺ
ѪҧԵʹͿ־壬һ׼УȻͬʱСЩҧĺǣȴֱϻĽⷴһ۵ľ롣
Ĺ⶯β˵ĴǵһѩС۵ĻϨˣ¶͸ɫ
Ϊʲô̾ϢβѩΪʲôҪô
СָʴˡҲǵĹ
䳶˳ǣҪ˵ûǣҲǵĹ
˵㲻һ㻹
Ҳһ
ͻĹǴ̰˳ѩĵѳ϶ѷѩըǱײ·Ĵ
ʲôһɣɱң
󣬻⡢̳һ׷ѩҪɱ̫̫أԺţͷʹÿҪѿοĽ
Ժ𶯣Ť˿߲һ𣬻ҵعпرһһĶؿڼҵţ·ſյķ
ܵħѾһǳֲĵز
˲ϵѪʵϣϵѪѾɾˡٶȱʧصӽʱȻرס簴ڻ۳һѱѩƵĳ
ҧסļ
ϿûеڶԸӽʧصħ壬οħ塣Ʒݵζ֮䣬Լһζȡ
ãסǰѱѩӺ󷽴ȥ͸ùǣһضȵѪҺ񾭡
Ժ˲һգֻʣƮѩµϸ죬صĴϢ
ĺɿʵҪûй˼һѪȻͻȻ͵͵ЦôҲ
ûġ˵㲻
ûˡЦЦû취ɱҡ
ֻǳĬرôĽԼ
ɱֵȼħ壬Ҫ̴ࡣͱʳŵ֮Сͬģû࣬һʧȥǵĹɱħͬĶ
ɱ֮һ
ûбҪЩ˵ǺòײŽָʴԴͷҲоĻᡣ
ءʡ
ȫʧȥǵ䣬ٶĹﶼ¡ܽЩֻƽ⻹󡢻ҵĻ¡
㡭
ͣסˡ
һ˲䣬ǰһгٿȥɢл֪ǰԾһƬڡ
ϵų˫ۣûǸʹ񾭹ĳȫָұϸоʹ˵־ϵļ尾¡
һԵϹ飬СͷƵصֻЩ𣿲԰
վл֪һȦĥ˰ΣҿôŮʩлҪ룿
л֪³һֻ֪ǰļ䣬Ԫ񶼻档
Ҳǹǹ顭ö˻ɵӡڨڨصһε뷨תƻҲ֪Ǳôˡ

˵ڶ衣
ŮĻԶ֮һ塣
¶ӻҶ䡣
ˡʩϣһ֣
ǵԽԽˡȻ⡣
ĥ쳾ĥ䣬ЩҲ֪һֻǡ
Ļû˵꣬䲦Ūӣĵػظһ⣺һֶãֻҪұϵ¶ˡ
һסΪѵ硣
úã徻֮أҲ˵޵ǡ
δ鱻ƿһ죬һСԴ̽˹üϵķӡ⡣
գգۣҰлˡ
̧ۣߴķ϶л֪⣬һ嵭˱ĵϡûӶͣˣ͸¶һʮڴ
лҪ˵ס磺ûϵܾһҲܺˣ
㣺


8 
뿪ȡӣȴûнһ˵ϸ
лġ˿Ϸĵ֮£޳Ĳϻǣʱµˣ΢ٺۺϸϸľϡ
ʱԺкȻͻأ뵽һ㡣βڵתתȻָ˰
ڳûħ壬Ҳûеڶ˷ϸ΢֫ԡ
潫л֪ܵ϶һȻʵʵصͷ׼ѵû뵽ֻЦҡҡͷȻˡ
λħ֮Ҳ⣬Ƥ˵
Ƕл֪˵ġ
ӣڣպִϣ˵·ԳĺӦ˪ӡ
֮٣л֪ηȴ֪Լսº洦ڻζĿ£л֪ߵߡ
ֱվһʮصľ롣ȴ˵ػ˻βͣڵϵĴֳβವ͵ع˹һ仳
л⧲ʶسһ¿βͣȴβ׺ݵزס֣á
˿ÿ»ǰ⼸߳޷Կصȼ
ָĺ󾱣̫ˡĵħһСһֱʡѵһͲࣺ𣿡
л֪ܿϢɨĵطĴԷָġϴ˼·أԸԲĽӴĸл֪Ժհһ˲硭
ֻʺ۾ͫèһΪͫȻֻطЦһǼǵһЩˡ
֮ղл֪ȫʲô壿
ͷòһɺĹԣ˻ᱻҰԵˡ˼ʱСȻͦɰġ
˵ĥʱȤ
ɰӦӽһˮɡ
л֪סǣƽ͵ֻΪڣô϶һԸأ
˵Ҳǡĥ˼ΪҪһʵڲʱʱ㡣ħͷħͷǲʿ̸ġ
л֪ӣ˽ˣֱִ̹ķԾȻ㶣һ˿Цؼֻ㣬ǰҲа취꣬ʦֵܡͬź󱲣һץǰǧУĥһϳǧΪҵıŭⶼĴ
һĳУһ¡
۾ЦЦ˵ó𣿡
л֪
Ŷ̸ʱ磬ͨŽָƹȥĶôˣ̫ô
ħ˵С¯ο̫֮塣л֪Լס˵Ķк֮¡
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л֪һʱס
ԹңСһ㣬Ϊֹˣ
л֪΢ƺݽзջûпڡ
ĬͲӦҲһַ䲢⡣˵̸л֪ĻرܽʱһԵĻȼڵ徻֮أô˵ɱ¡
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ӷ𡣡̬̹ȻҲֱԲ䣬׷ݻҪһǰ䣬ʮħʱÿҲ롣ʩսܿҵȷž
˵䷭˷Լ¾ɵļ䣬Ҫ˳ᣬûϵҪǲֶԸңɲ𣿡
ͬķѡ̾˿ʵûϵߡȻܵŻݣ
תƵл֪ϡ
ʦʣֱ°ߡΣʾ֮٣οңܶʵûаնԸһλ벽컯ħޡ
ܶ˶֪ҵ°俿ϣνص˼ǾʥŮأһ㣬˵׼Ҫ͡նĸҡҲҸƻġ
⿴˿ָָӣ𣿡
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ǵǡæϣ˵Ҳк֪ܶ裬ȴ֪ʲôģǻܺƽ˼ӲдԸȫս
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л֪ϵβͶ˶⶯Ȼϸ΢Ϊл֪༡˺׵رܲ
󱻷ſˣβƺǲôˣҲ̫ԾСΣˣûн/¡
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̲ס˿л֪һЩʽ
ϻŻʲôʽ
л֪ʵܺãûβԶԶġԸбʩŰҲ뱻һŮħͷִĿţ񻹺岻°ǻһ
Ȼʲôû˵оѾ㹻˸еܡл֪̣һһԼϹˣõĿй¶ʲô
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ֻ䱾˲ûָ롣һһСİŪġ
ԣְ취𣿡
ָң֪˼ʲôȻ˵ҸϻŻеԹ˭÷ץͲôˡ
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˿л֪ǰǰúƽˣȻɱɱҪлˡ
л֪һ´ǣŵȱΪһ֮ġ
ѽεصСлҲ㣬ƶɮ򲻹ɱɱ£ǽ»һԡ
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лҪ˵ãɰ߳ܵСлŮ


9 
Ѿָķǰô˵ĻֹĿʵǳСл֪ļʶ˵ʱ벻浥Ըֵˡ
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Щ¾ɶĺ⣬ÿÿܣһʱᱻ˺ѡ𿪵ĴҪǽ»šл֪̾˿
ǲܽµԼ
ʻÿ֮ʱл֪ûܴʳʦֶʲôطС˵ķֻɰЦЦţطܹȥ
ͱˡһֽľϣһ߰ڻûоСûŮ֮ķִ磬ůָĺʱл֪Ѿȫ
͸¶ʵΪᱻ£ȻŪġ
֮󣬷׷գ·սûл֪ʶһۡεƿסܽӴķΧ
ÿҲ֪ս֮أȻ䲻ʿħһս壬ǿȵսΪҫҲ⡣
ķ˿ʲôˣ˵˵
л֪Ĭ꣬ȻԼĽǶǶλ䡣һֱЦ˵ʲô룿
л֪ɱСΪʲô˵أǲġ
ֻҡ濴صҡ
Ϊġл֪ʡм֣ˣ
ô˵ɣһ赽ɱ޹ġп΢̧ͷۣ΢ɳƵ̾ϢдһĻζûеΪǺʹһֱʡǴʱ㣬شҵʲôһԹߵͬ飿
л֪һ㸲Ĳ˱ϲ顣
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л֪³һƽʱܲܽҡ
û˵꣬ѹȥԷǰĲ˫ܼ۾̼ܵʼᡣָŷ۽ǣ˵Ϣл֪ͣ
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۽ѾԵˮһ˫ȫȥԭɫһֿԱߴ͸ƵɫɵĻҡ
ûнࡢûɡȻҲ޷
ѾûĵĹˡ
źţһ߸۾һΣնص֪ˣл
Ȼ˵㿴ƯϲŪ㡣

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ϲȱϴħ֮Ķϰ
ʮħջذͼĹУҲ˳÷ȥѰ˻˵Ǹˡǡڷǿ°ߣͲĿǷΧ֮ˡ
ֱĩѻɻͷ˵ѾץסˡŴӱȸŵͷĿعԼ޵лֲûʲôõǵġ
仹ǻһ
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̧ͷһ۴⣬ʮа춼죬˯Ҳġ
˹ȥŲҲû˳ѡ
ǲ뿪ʱ̫оȫˣĵţ׽Ūֱˣ˹ָһжΡ
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еƵسȻ̲ססؿ˼ϸ΢һ㡣
Ȼֻһ㣬ȡõ䡣ۣ
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Ŷǿš
лָ֪סʺϵָָ׶³˳ɼҪûڣȷʵȥġ
ǡûʲô˵ر⣬Ӳس⣬ǰսΣ
ܺð˳Ļ˵֪ģûסҡΪڣҲûйֶԸɣôǨŭˣһ㣬ǲҪмң
л֪ε̾˿˵лĶ顣
ڲġһܡӣ㡣
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л֪֮ǰӲģʱСлȻûвִľͷգĶͷŻȻ򣺡˵ˣ
л֪ûĺе
֪һЩãһֱΪл֪ܹסȴ״Ǽʵ㲻Ϻã·ʶܵ˳ָ֮⣬֮С
©һ㡣ħŮ߻ɱˣѾξˡ
䶢˺þã˾һģһ֮⣬̫࣬յ˵ƣ紵һͻˣе߱ɽˮ縡ԡ
֣ůĴûϸо¶ȡ
𣿡ʣĻһĵġȻװѻƳɿܡ
л֪ļءٻػظ
վֻ񲻳𣿡
䣺йЦ㻹յòȡ
ȡ˵ͷʹ
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лҪ˵ˣҾϲһЩġ۵û˱㣨Ƶ֣дС˵еСôqaq


10 
л֪ˡ
ⶼһ̸һΪӽڣֻͻƶɽٵʿö˶˵طħţȻΪûͲ̶ȡ
һĥһ߷תһöīӡ
ײָϣϸ΢ʯл֪ļ򣬵ͷлĶͷ˵ôôȡ
һԶ۲ķԱߣƵл֪ٹһɣŮ
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˭ֻѻħͨҽءħ̫ǿ޷صƣôһ㶼ǱˣҲûоȵıҪ
£ȫ嶼һƵҽޡ
ѻָŷһҩ
ӹҩ룬ͷιȥһڣ֪̫ԭ򡢻Ϊл֪յԺǻңһô಻ȥˡ
ĺǱǣĥ˰ϴѪۣҩʱҲԾźǺϸĴϢǺʹࡣ
ü˲л֪Ĵǣܲɡ
һʱҪǻϣ˵
ޱؿȥؾβͣĿڵŮչǰĸ
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˲ľϵѻŤͷ̵Լãֻܹϱ̫ȱ£ˡ
ס򥣬ԷյøĴԺչ˵ĻȻҩһڣȥ˿Ĵ
ҩȥķʽȫͬٴҲȥл֪Ĵ妵óʪͷϢɵˣûнпܵĿռ䡣
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Ȼ쬵Ƴһۣӣֵֺõ㣿ȥɣ

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˫ڵƵĽǣֳִɰβͣϵħơ¶ԭʱĹ;޴˫οǿĶҲе¡
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ÿɵͶûʲôЧɡͻȻ˳ֺٺٵЦ˼ΪҲ֪ǣ˭ûаϵŮˣŶ˵λӻħͣôǲһô
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лҪ˵СлһҾͲ֪ˡ


11 β
ɫŵصӣͬΪӦ̹ǡ
СɮԴŵġ̹ϴ
ｫĿƿܣλǸ˵ϻӦв˿ǰһӳʵǰħ˰ɡ
ָġ֪
ȻˡڸһλòŮޣãµؿڣǰѽɽ񡭡ɽ棬Ѿħˡ
Ϊħһ֡üɽׯʿɽǱڸǰƺһģɽߣչȴ죬಻Ϊڸ޵Ȼϡڸ֮ǰǸطǴħ򣬴šħħķڣ
׼ȷ˵ɽ֮ԻԴħ
ѾڸˡüôǰΪѪǰѽһڸɽŶˣͬΪڣȴԹۡ
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ѵħĶʧ˲ɣ˲۵ĵʳڣȻڴȵþ춯أϸֳһĨȻĲ̬졣
ôܣѹŵĿĸԴֶܱսɱħѹ
ҵ˵ħͳϽǣҪλħǡ
ŷһԾġһ˽µ硢ʾáǻսֵֶΰˡŮħͷ޷ദģκȶԡλѣǻֻԹⲵĿ飬κ͡
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Ϊ޷ɱġ￴໹Ҫɱֵȼħ壬ȫǵࡪǲܵġ
ǲܱٻģڷӡһ˿һܽȥֻʵ̫أκ˶޷ܡ
ҲԶֻһ֣ǾǷӡֻҪ׮޷ֻķӡΪβ
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Ŷŵ֪ʲôλʦֶСɮǺͻ𣿡
Ǿ˵ʲôʵл֪ôǸŮħͷ»գ͸á
ĴԻδת˫ֺʮ΢ЦŵСɮȰһ䣬лΪáħŮʾͻʧȥơ˵ʩĳЩһԵĺӣҪǰŪĻ

ϵߡҲ̫Ūһˡ
ûȥսж˼ף筺ıɴ͸Ѿϵ˰̣˿ؿϣɢͷս
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ɤеɳƣ˵ʱȻѾʹˡл֪ϵ˺ۻָƤ
ģļ俪ʼ϶Ժ
ûл֪ԴʲôӦҪҵβ˯
л֪ҡ
ħˣåչû̹ʲô𣿡
ҧԼͷһߣһȵ÷ִ̣ٵؽͣǸҲ֪ʱץסʲô͡ȡȿȡ
ûðȻ˵ȣˡ
һ˵һ߰л֪Ѿʼ˿˿屧ڻڼغһڣȻûĳ߶ô¿ڰ
гֵͬʱħĻҧһڣҧʺϣݺ˵Ѫ
͵һһӦʹֱȽѪ˷䲢ԼʹǶһֶʽıǡ
³ݺ֮ȡ
Ҳл֪ԿհףʶѿڶԷĶҲȷʵһ˲̧ɨһۡ
Ҫƽ˪߱¶֣ƺ΢ƵζˡҪлŮ֮һ˿һľĻ֪ûֹĹܣԵøΪ/
ָ÷ףҲǽ£ҡҲʶ㣬ܸ
ǴȡôǷӦһ£ȻȤƵģʱ˼Ϊϵ˼ɣ
ǡ
üץĽ״һĽŻεһ˲䣬Ȼʧ١
Ҳ̫ˣл鲻صھǿ㣬²СҪǣûлָ䣬ĥһʲôˣû취ܺõȡҡ
˸ָŻϵĵطһ˲ħ廨һʢźŤѪ컨䣬Сȡ
ʲôл֪ʡ
Ǻ/ŵļ䡣Ǻ/Ůţ÷֪ˡλ/ʿħҪǺĻȥ
лֱ֪ⲻʲôöŭҲԣֻ˳֪ܵ̾ˣ
Уβͼ򥣬͵͵β͡
ħѹƣл֪ǰǸϹӣ˿̱Ӳβͼǣβ÷졣
ڲһϸ΢Ŀ飺޼ɵ֡
βתһ£ز˲䡣˼ôˣ㱾ҵĶ𣿡
л֪ɵһ£Ǳܲβ䣬о̫ˣβͱֻ˸е衣
ǺܹƽġȻص㿴Ҹаʼ˵ƽˡѽҾȻԼĽҿǸˡҲԶ޼ɵ֡
л֪
Ĭãƫͷصǲġ
ŶҲ⣬ԭϲҵβͰ
ûȡȿȡл֪̲סץס˹βĩˣ촽һС߬סס꣬üˡ
˵ͷʱеԼ뷨Ҳû취


12 
ֻŻϵεģȴһ졣
˵䵽⻹ģֿȥװƺֻ¶档ˣһȾȴ޷Ьࡣڳۼأס˽棬ĴûеӲĵز
ħӡ
ʱ뿪ʱ˪鶼ȥȥ֮⣬롣
ȥ˽µķڣл֪룬һΪ촷ۣƬкηڣأ
Ҫ⣬Ȼ޷ɵġ˵ģ͵ʱһ㣬л֪еһϢѹֺͰ֣뿪ǰӵ˫ۣȴֻܳĬԶԡ
ֹ˲֪죬ħĳȼ֮һһƬžͻȻֳһ쳣
л֪ĿӣоΪʶسĵطȥȻһϤ
Сʦ壡
˲ͣһϢ
Ǹӣʦֶƽ
Сʦ壬ôˣ۾ô£ƽ͵˹һһΪСʦˣǿ׼ʱģܾȥˡ
л֪סץԼ֣˭ģ棿
Ȼʦ尡׷Ӱʲôܱܹħĸ֪ƵطΪ͵壬ʦһרġƽæһ˵һڴͣȡһ͸Сӡ
л֪޷ųʶִ棬̾˿
Ůħͷĵط治Ǻôģҽ˺ôľƽµصСʦ壬߰ɣⷨϲǿ֪Զκεػص
л֪ĬƬ̣ʣʦֻ˵ʲô𣿡
û˰ƽҪǷӱңҿͱŮħͷ˺ˡֻ¡ǻ˵
һ˷ܺͽŵĽƽֵھϣĬھϵǣ˵صķ񾵺޷Ӧ
⡭ͷæһ顣
·
ƽе㼱ˣƲסһ飬һΣȻˡ
л֪ƽ
ִָ̧ⱻѵľԵˣһѪ顣
ʦûߡл֪Ҳû뿪
ƽ̼Ѫɫȫޣܵġ˵Ҫ㡭
ֻһ󡣡ͼӪҵļһڲҪҳȥļ֮һҲ£ֻҪʧܣѹۣˡ
ƽһֺܲĿл֪˵⻰ʱȴûʲô
֪ƺһ˲Ÿȷϡ
ŭ磬ɱңʦֲǡ૵ô˵һ䣬Щƣ룬ǿŵҲ̫ˡҺڣ취
ƽ޴룬žӵƬ˺ðΡл֪ʱһ˵ƵģײһƬײ졣
תͷ
֮һմѪıףðŰƵŸ첲ſϣһֺݡЦŭĿ
˭˵ҲˡлҪǲڣú󱲿ôͱҵĲ½ʳƬˡ
л֪ʶǰ벽ƽ
Ů£ֵ
䵥ÿ˽
ո˴ܣϽһȵѪһνϣ䲻ָ̧Ĩȥһǳǳĺۡ
ߵл֪ǰ߸û󿴣־סӣϢ̵طţڶϡ
Ҫȥﰡʡ
ƺʱл֪ĺͣһɲֽ۵ĳ˫ɫġûн۾ȴĿԵظ˵ҪˣҲֻһϡ
ޱؿȻЦһ£ǲ֪ҵİˣΪʲôܰƽԼʲô𣿡
л֪ԣں
͸۾˵ֺҵĹߡ
硭
ֻҪĿģʲôá绹ûб䣬ƤҲȡңʲôΪĳ롣
䶢ͫڣʺҪȼħ档
Щǲģôһֱ㡣
л֪סֱǱõġ
繴´ǣҲá
仰Աȫĥˡл֪סʺʧصıԵݵϢ͹Уβס鰸ϡ
ϰֽ̨һЩѶ飬һ˲ȫɨ䵽ϣžͬײķѵʹβ²˺ĹǴڼһѪۡ
Ѫϣʹ˵Ƕ͸ľ
ѪζͬʱһԴ͵ĽƽȻ˫ĿسſСʦ壬Ҹ㲻
顪
û½ǣͱħƷɳȥѵһײǽϣѪصڵϣ֪
ʺһȣֳһָŭл֪ԲԣҪ㱸ĥӡ
βתһܣĹǴҲתŴ塣
鲼ħڽ/ϵĴ/鶾ءôʹáΪֶؾǵħҲĥԷϲĸԸ
ǲ
ڹǴ̴̽ƤѪ˲䣬Сϵ·Ҳתĺ/ҵ𵴣һָġζӿԺС
л֪ͽ͵սضٵغΧĿŨҷ̫֮һ쳣ط¶ȡ
л֪һβǳ㣬ϣƬһĵĺޣɹһ⣬롣
βŲ˵ط±ôɰͣ궯ĥת壬ֱβֲ񾭾Υظоůİִк谭شصԺ
л֪ۣɫͨ͸βһƬ죬մʪ˫ޣְľʹ޷͵ģڽʧƬ֮Ķͷϱ鲼亹һҪŪ˵Ĵ
ȴָĺ󾱣˵ϧϹˡǸʦֶۿء
л֪Ӳһµҡ۵ģе㷢仰ǽͳ/ȼˡ
Ǳˣ϶˵ˡ
ֻβͲ㣬ܲˡ潿ֻңĵطȴûС
л֪ҧסݹأûй¶ȫʧʹȻַǳбҪŪĹβ䵱У֪ĶȹáǱش߷ȹãȻʹｻĿ⣬еһ˿
һӶڻˡл֪Խܣ´ҧѪۣܶǱһӱܣʦֶ磬ԡ
˺öѪ縧ܿɿڡ
л֪ضʧȥˣɳƵصȥ
лҪ˵һµ䣺ǿҲûɶ˼
һµ䣺Цصе˼ˡ


13 
صħʱûмл֪
谵һƬͷСꡣ
ŮڵУϰһӡƳľϻӡĶ˵ǶѰٵġ
ûзľϻоԼβͣ״һĹβ¶һ̫Ķ롣
һʼûע⵽һ㣬ʱһСȶеʼηʵسˡ
βħҪĸ٣ϵĶڷֶΣʵرĥˣгԡħʵ̶ܴѾʹֶˡ
˻񣬸ȻһʬשʯϡƤһɨһǸϵķΣڵǡ
ɵĵӡɿ֣βƵ˦ȥڵϷһײֵۣˡ
˸ָʬȼһػ棬ܿյøɸɾһѪҲû£Ѿˣκλɢļ
ְŪһľϻǰһżżƲƺĳЩƵģûƷζõģɫĺܴĿһ̫ǰ
ֻҪִһ£ľżͻζȻ󺰣ſСʦ壡Ťһӣƽϡ
Ͳšɵ˵ô
żζŮħͷ
ԶԶԣŮħͷûʦ屻ŮħͷúҸ㣬Ҫһˡ
żתȦ
°Ϳһˡ
ǷӺ/š롱ʿڴ˵˵ǿ֮µһˣаĪ⡣˻ʶ֮࣬󣬸û֣ǹԹԾͷԼļֵһҲӳסħڡ
ǡѾ
ûʳڣ̧ɨһ̱ۡͣʵǡ
Ҳû¡䲦ŪŲżĶӣҵ鶾ͻˣл֪ܲˣ̫ˣȲסԪ񡣡
죺ˣ
ˡüô˵ôҿȥô
ѵǣչص˭Ů֪ģء
ǿסԪڴϡ
£˵ΪɢҲٵһ󾳽硣շ绪ӣܿҪپ鶾˫ش
ľ춼еˡĥ˵ת¶
û˵꣬վ˹ȥÿʣֳһ±ӡл֪ʶȥˡ
ѱǳ¶Է׵ͽĴֹȥͱסָȻһġðůϢ˹һֱΧͼϡ
֪ûѡΪжԭԾΪػʹ忿Լ
л֪ɢ䣬ϵȶһЩġ仳ģȫѵؿȻֹȥ
̧βͣл˸գĶһֱȺģ¶ûнתβͲס֣ԷĶ
Ѳ˰Ƶģ̧򥣬ҪһֱԾͺˡ
л֪ҲûãϲһȦһȦıɢɢزסȸСȣ͸Ѫۺͱڵס·ֻһĵɫۣˣǱʱӵˡ
ܼʱʹιȥǺ£Ȼ˿ڵʱ򣬿¾͸޷ˡ
˲л֪
ûнʱֻӾĲ顣
̫ˣṩЧķӦ
ֻܷļˡһģһֻСżĶӣСżŬػζţŮħͷСʦ屻Ūˣ
ͷ˲żһۣ˵˵㣬Ұ
ŮˣҸĲ죡
һ²żƨɣ˲ʧСżŵл֪ߣȻϻЦȴ͸һ쬵ķ̸УЩ˵ɣҪܱ֮һĹ͡
żڴϣر͡

л֪ѹʱǱ飬һһƴװһÿ֫嶼͸һɷ·ԼɬʹС
ǰɵģûйߴʹ۾һѣϺСһ䣺Сʦ壡
л֪Ĭ˺ðΣȥ֮ǰļһعԺ
ôһ˲䣬ԲõĿԡôʹ֮塣򵥵£̫ԴΪӱܣŲѡ
һ£һż
һĳĬżĽƽ֪ʱʲôã̾Ϣص硭
ƽ̫⣬оСʦһΡϵǧ֮ѹ޷ܡ֮⣬ֻʣһΪΪԼΪǸŮħͷĿɱ
Сʦ壬㲻õҡƽڲżצż鴤ط˸ȻѾ㣬ʦ塭ǰһа취ģ
л֪ס˺ʺӦһ£û㡣
ƽˡ
ûɢѾܺˡ˵˵ʲô𣿡
ƽƬ̣ʵҴЦ㡣
лֿ֪һóס۾Ҿ֪
ƽ
ֻǸСƲżʲôɲˣֻǿžСʦ塣ֻвżӽǣл֪ÿӣҲûĶԷơ
л֪ܣҲβˡϾûǲ߱Եģ˵Ĵ˼ûйǴ̣Ҳβĥð
ֲħ弸ʿΪ¡
ȸ˿ѾˣǸ̴͸ĵطȺ΢ֹѪҲȻˡСϷħƣڵһһġټϽŻ忴ѾԼˡ
Եĺһ̫ĺۼװΡ
л֪̾˿ΪԼ벻뿪ħ֮ҪԼϴȥ䣬ȴûѡء
л֪´õ·ʱе紵죬һΪϤ̽ĽŲ
಻ܿصؿӲֿµġ޷ĥļϯ˲ͣˡ䲻ڵʱŬߣԾܱ侲һ֡л֪侲˲Ϣ˹ӹϹػ
һŵ÷Īθʹһ϶׹ײµ÷ָ΢Ǳݻٵ߰㣬ֻŲ
л֪ⱲӶ벻һµֵز
лҪ˵лҡܿӣôסӣƶķϣһ£ͷĿӴ򵽣͸ôӡӰллˣĬĬѿ


14 β
ÿʡ
ֻ¶һϸ΢ķ϶չ¶һָ߬ǵֱֱԳɫѪܡ˽ȥ½ǣȻ󸲸סֻ֡
һл֪̲Էָڷȫ亹ģסʱһӽӲסˣȥĶûС
䰲һ˲л֪Ҳˣ𣬱֮ǰκһ̣ʱлӱ/㡣
ջȥᣣûлͷ˵Ǹûбķ𣿡
ᴩŵɫѣ¶ԲļͷֱۣɴһԽӲӵıˣüһһ䣺ǰ򵥵ˣҪǲĻ
˹·ߵҡҷˣȻ࣬ƵģҲԴлȽ̽
һ˵һ߶ǸԽβͣʢħ鶾ʲôģ޵ѾãʵĽ
ŮһָʿȻڹ⣬Ϊߣսȴ㡣Ϊһ㣬Ѿúܶ˼ɵлֱ֪ˣ˶֪˪˽֮ʿȴȻ෴ݺа죬Ϸ쳾
Ľɫ˸ϵһĥϸϸĹβ̧ͷ˫зۺɫģӰֱǰл֪飬Ҳó֪ж๴ˡ
޶Եؿе㲻ͷ
᣺ôһ㷴ӦҲûС
ά˽ӲƣƬ̣ĬĬ˺벽ɵԼȻԹصǰǲǶŮһȤûУ
Ȼ˵ʩˣ
ẬߴյصһۣССض½ţҲûء
ָָĿڣνصûǸöĵʩгɹĿܰɣȻôģ
΢΢һû뵽Ǽ¾Ȼġϵ֮ʱ뿪žþδ飬Ҳ֪£׹
ʱչҪؿڣûǰﴫѹִϢĿ
üͷһ޶סļ򣬰ǰҿ
ħϢ̫ǿңҪǸŮ֮ûô壬ᶼҪѹܲˡϢһѸѩ¡ſѪĵУһɵһֲԾ֫΢Թص֪֪ǰôһȤˡ
л֪֡
ᣣϸشλӡл֪ô·Ͻ㣬ʵʵ޷徿ΣȴѾ߷ζ͸һ㡣
ⱲҲԤϵôһ졣Խ̨ϸ߸ϵĵʿһݱѩ֮Ⱦصζ˵ʵôһֻ
л֪ĳ£Ȼ룬ҲԼˡǰһڵĳУʲô顣ܲȻӲرˣ˵Ը䣬˵û취κˡ
ỹûڣϵСżߴߴؼеŮ
лֹ֪ȥס˲ż죬ȶһߣƽصͬ꣬ҲһԵ֪֡գԽ̨ϣϸüʶһѵĺ쳾
Ϊ˱Խ̨лֻ֪УûóĻ֮쳾Ҳûó֮
ҿԸģĳ˱°ץɲһ벻гһգл¡
л֪
ҡҡͷܸпص㣬ʹˣħĳкηѵⲻн֮٣ǰɱ¶ˣͷ磬ܾȶˡ߼أлѵҵĻ֮мһˡʯʱ򻹲Ҫ㣬οô֪ͨ
л֪һ죬Է
ῴ˿䣬æ⣬Ѱ
û˵꣬л֪ջУֵزˣôұ֮úãҲ㣬õôģο
л֪Լ֪ܶȫζЩҪԼ̫֮ڸˣǹ䵭ѩɰϢһ˿֮⡣
Ҫûзʲôϵŵġ
ǰţеâڱͳһɫл֪ϡ˵ǶˣǶԴֹеĻƻŮҲûô
һ̽ȥл֪鶾ԪסǣаķɫϼֳðβҰԵĶظϡ
ֻǶ̶̰ʱ䣬ѾѾָ̧³һûл֪˵ʲôתͷס䣬ԶСʵǰ壬ǵ幹죬˵ʵǰҪôĻ¡
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ܳˡ
䣺Ҫ
æлڴ˵ܸǰɪ壬ҲҵŮʿˣҪô
ҪôҲɡ
Ļߴ˸ŤӲ˳ȥˣҽлĶغһȻٳ꣬඾δ壬ʱڣʺ١߶
˼Ҫ˵һʱò˵ġ
鷳
ǰ̫ײ˰ɡὫһƿҩݸȻ̲סѽҲ֪ܲܵˣ
زֱۣɫѵȹ޵زĹβڿҩƿϵıǩƿţǷǳк͵ҩζЮһĨ֮⣬ûκ⡣
ħһ߱ҩĳɷ֣һ̧βͣס˳ȥ
ž죬ľϵѻ⧲εεؽһȻɲɵײ˸յſڵķ졣
ûʲôʶһӣһ޹ǵŮ޵ڻһһջ̧ͷǰ壬ͶֲðлҲ˳ħǡ
֡
žߴ
᣺
ŮһˣôﴦڣЩŮǲľͷ

л֪ϣǸľͷ
ᱻߺּž
һָֽΪʣҩƿĲϱħ׭дֽϣż˸߰˳ɣ΢һл֪״Ҳ˽ð˾Ųʮˡ
һաҪԼ̫׷ƢͲٻʱˡ޷ʱסԼȤҲħĶʧĺ֢֮һ
˹ȥл֪ϵĳ°ڣһԷļ͸оĺͣýŶ־壬Ľһβ㣬һöüҶ
һˤѺۡûзĻƿͺʹеؽ
ڣͣԼıƿ˵ָܵõҪġһȱ覡
һɹĥߡһ˳ģ֪
´Ŵòõۣл֪ϵ·֪ˣ
л֪û˵ó뿪ڣȴɬʹڴԣðҲû³һ֢״ʱأˣֻǳĬִתͷܸĽ
һƹˤζ
չȥϵ㲻𣿡
лֱ֪ߣһ
Ķҵβ𣿡˹˵Ҳȥˣġ
ֻôһ˵л֪Ƕ߱Ƶģ¶ݾӵĶѨѣݶǿҵػعգ񱻻Ͻ͵͸塣
лҪ˵ѽܵĿϴɣҰŹ黹


15 
ΪԼķӦе߲Ѻͳ衣
ˣĶҲûзŹϢʱоһĪ˵ѿ֦ʱϸ΢η彻һ
û£õġķ˿
л֪Ѿȫ߬ˣָǱ÷ף۾ȴɬ⣬ûʲôֵľٶǿҵĻʹͶصоĥԺ
ְ
лִ֪ٵس֣ǱƼ˵С㣬ֵ˴齺󷽵ĵϣʧȥ˱䵭Ƕ̵ľײһ𣬳ɬܣͲǡ
û֣л֪ˣͷҧһڣָһӡ
һҲûн⡣һʿ޷õΪֻǿҧǸͺɱԵɳĺ˱л֪øԵظоڷ
ĺ粻
ִķ˿䣬ҰŪ̫𣿡
л֪û˵ĺûˣʱȴһʧĴУһֲڵġþʹ
޴ɶ㣬ֻĻϢؿ˼Ǹƽ䡢ûиߣøɳƺ˴šȿȡſҡ
ɿһֻ֡
㵽ȥˡ
л֪ˣȴֳʹʩϡ˺˱Ͽ̸/
俴˿ģЩˣһۣԼ΢һ㣬˴ϣβ;طڴϡ
ǽǵСżѵطŮħͷ㿴СʦʲôӣŮˣ
л֪ȻˣһѰסСż죬żĽƽɴ˴ֲڵ۾ص
䵹ˣһǵĵزˡɳл֪Ȧף뷨᳹ףƭһƭãô򱧲ƽ˵л֪ȥĻ
е㲻ˡҲȫҵΰɣ
л֪ĬŲ˵ʱʱһ
΢е˭ܱ֤²أ㻹޵ô
л֪־ҵؿΪͣ԰׵ĴҧˣȻޱʾƫͷһҲ
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л֪ĺһ£ÿڣҿʼˡ
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¾οǴСܽŻݣѬյл֪лӡĥһûĥףʣΪʲôȻȷʵǸʵ
ǽ£ô𣿡˵
Ȼʼ˼¡
֪תл֪
ôܡֲеģ϶һͬʵȫɱⰡȻʹ֮⣬ħʲô˼Ȥ
뵽ͷȷʵô㡣
һ£һȥѰȻſ϶ΪģΪǿŷħֿȻһͬʡƫģȥһʦ»Ȫ
л֪
ʵôģʳ࣬Ҳõʲôھһ㣬ŵĿ뷨ȽƣǾǾԲٴγ֡
ͬǵġиʴԵĹʹ
ʱûûǿħĵ뷨ҵõƷ
˵֪͵͵ء
ûСл֪ĺصµĶҵ࣬޷㡣
ֻǵңѽе㱻ȡõеҪࡣҵ𣿡
ЦƵô˵оһģһΰĽ£ǰÿһ׮Թ̬Ӳʱ򣬱ħ廹顣
޹ءл֪
֪ħӡյĶ˵
˸ָ¶һڵ϶ڰ׹֮£һľϻƾճ֣֮䡣
ľϻ򿪣мʧȥܵķһöɫĽ
ָһһڻǽƻ׭ĥķϸȥͣöϡ
ȴа
ǽ彣֣л֪˵ĶֻѽѾ۶ϣڷӡһսС
ȴа棬ֻʣöзâĽ롣
ﶼαġα쵽̶ֳȣҲһƷĿĻֺң̶ϣ¸뼤ŭңĺޡ
ĺ⣬ʱңʱȴģ˱߽磬γһָΪŤԴ̬ȡ
л֪Ҳȫ϶Ҫľһָĸˣһܹ׷йͶԹľֻֻ֪Ҫһ𰸣ʤһС
Ǩŭ磬ɱȥӦûܸܳû١žһԣҪһϲɣϧ˵ʲôϲҪȥ塣
л֪üһ
֪ħˣ䲦Ụ̄ĵ̣ţ棬Ƕ츣أʺ㡣ȰãҾͿԡ
˵ͻȻظол֪ܾ裬̲סЦЦѺѹȥȻֱ۰лӲסڼһڣЦеԹԣΪðѽ
ſҡ
ţĽأ
л֪ڣָ֣ǱߣȻһǿϢ壬ڽ֮ڡɢĺ֪Ƴ塣
縲סָסȻö֪ϣͷζص񻰡
лҪ˵Слоڸ֤ݵ֡


16 þ
ôһ̣л֪ظоֻĴƷֻǰԼɳе޵ý飬Щϵʹ࣬ʵʹġ
öԽ²Уʱȷ񵽷θֲ⡢ʣȫʹŸηһ޷
ӣл֪ܵüü赭ܿ࣬Ҳһѹֵ֡
ǰ¹ϽĳУ̲ؽл֪ͣһ˲ȻͻȫƲסĸŻɳƵĿʹ
ΪԼǿнӴŵˣʶ֢֡״һҲûᣬ̶㿪ĻҪ
л֪ðֹסŻĸоۣذϢȹ˵Ҫ
仹汻Ԥеˣߵĳƺһ¡̫ؿл֪ôˣڲŽܲԼݣǲ̫ˡ
Ҳ
л̧ͷɤƵҲһ飬ǰûκʸ񿪿ڣΪѳǵĿơƵÿҪ˺ҧ־гݵ˵ѾˣǰҴøһģһҲǣ벻
߬ס죬л֪ǰ㡪
֮ǰ¡¡صľϵѻľצײ
䶢
л֪ءֲĺĴΪض΢طգȺġ
֪ˡ
ĥĥһɨֿĽŻղô֫ͻֻҲöͷ뵽ǰù壬ݶϣɱ˻ȥɿ֡
л֪û߬ǰϣȫ亹Ϣȴ̡
ҲתƽϢһԺӻҵǣʣ㷢ʲô衣
л֪Ĭ˺ܾãðβŵش𣺡̫ˡ
תͷҹ֣ûû㣬Ҳûǿ㣬룬ôķӦ
ħ벽컯ĴǰҲ㡣л֪ȴ߿ȱӲҪ˵ȥôɱұ𣬷Ҷȡ
ĺ۵˵ˣƵؿԡû˼ο˶仰Ҳ˵˦ָҪߣͷһֿۣ˿Լ֣¶ˣڽУл֪
л̧ͷһʲôһƿҩࡣ
Լɡ
üе㲻˵ô˵˵ˣſڵײžһΡ

ڶνл֪ߡ
һΣûж÷Ƿǳӵع滮һ·ߣѧķʽһ糣
ƽƽ棬ʵڲռܴҲʿ쳾ѰһĳʽǾ֮˵ķʽ߱£Ѱһһ˲ɶΪͻƵ
ùҩ뿪ħ֮л֪״סˡ
忪ʼԭ·˿ϡС·ȴޣһ޵֮˵ϣֱͬһ㡣
Ǻܺӽһ޷ݵĿ־壬жβ͡л֪ԼôģҲ֪Ϊʲôһ˲оһԵĿܺͱѾóĴ㡣
˵ģȻӲߣ˵취ɱˡ
Щ֮⣬ŵģʵĶء
Լжôܣô£Եĳһɲǣǻ̲ס䣬ӰգҧָʱʺĴ
ħĶ޷ȫԿأл֪ԼĳЩʱʧ̬
ʻħ򣬱ܿ˽սܵľһƬ߽Уô޲˰ʱ䣬ڽһƬɽˮĵؽ硣
һƬϢźȺ̶
ſڳǰѻ㱨ŵĽһĥҪô棬һԶ
ʣҹɫʵ̫áͷʹᣬһ̶֮ϵɽƣ߷ɵİ׺ڿӹһ¡
̶Ƶĵ
ѻվļϣͷŮ鼮Ѱħĵط
ԡ·Ҹ߹ġ̶ˮ֮£һ֮ʯһ뼫һ뼫ҡ֪ԭϡĲ֣ȡˡ㲻ǵˣ԰ɡ
л֪֪Լġ
֪ʲô
ûϵⲻô
ĻƷ崦ʻɫŨİ׺ױɶһֻ׾ǰ֮ء
ҧҧָǣͷһԼҧĳݺۣһֻ㲻ǵҡģǵ롣ʹ޵һ㣬һǵãˡ
л֪ٿսָ
ȻһĹ¶·Ե˶ȥˣѡǵˣȫʧˣֻʣһˣЩһУҲãཻҲգȫˡ
һǧһαڴʷһѣһжģޡ
деľ֮䣬̶ͣԣɫĿĹ󣬺ȺˮϢ棬ײˮʯƵ졣
Ϊ֮ס
䰲ؿһûбսմȾû̫ı仯ɫ֮£Ǹ躮۵днӰ
˵һʣĪ֮䡣
ʱʺ磬о֮ʣԡȻ⣬Ϊȴһʯĳ̶۵˰¡޵˵ֻһ˲ĹǰµĹ⾰ȴ˼¡
ջĿ⣬ȴȻ׽ס󡣰ָڱϸ塣
硣תͷĿ֮˪庮͸㻹ң𣿡
Ŀۣ˿ץǵָĪЦһ£˵㣬˵ǣڽ㡢ڳ׵ɱ㡣һҵĻþһδ겻ɢ
֪ġ㽫ҵתɱҲѲҡѾԼԺˣġ
ִĿڡ
ʲôûС˵ôû
ûħģѰԿصǡ̫;ΪƽϢֻôķĿɳʲôأ
磬̫˽㡣̾Ϣصʵϲǿϲɱ޹ǿ߲Ѿûˣûڣúܼį𣿡
ֿסĺǰƤЦⲻЦصįԲ׿ڶ˵ڡϴǲưոݵġ
¶΢Цؿ̧գ˵ð硣
лҪ˵Слĥұǰɣ£


17 
ĴУһض/ζԺ͵سʹһ£Ķͷڵħǣ渡ֳһŽɫĻơ
һΧĹӰ˲䷢仯ǱһѪ˾»ָɫʶ֣ҲͻȻһ
л֪ϣϸִٵش/Ϣ㱻һȦʺָۣѪѹѪѵ
òħΪ͵һȻʱѾԸٰˡô룬Ըǲٰ£οܡ
һ£ָ̧סļʲô
۾ĳˣл֪˫ʪ۽Ƿűߴ̼ı죬ָָ䡣Ŀ˳Ķ»Ĺβúܽ
ߴ˲䣬β͹޹ɿˡβĵطȻоеҰ㳶ģ
֪ʡ
л֪ѵ˿ĭ廹ûö٣ոȹסûµ䣬˵Żͱؾ˹ȥ
㿴Լ𣿡еƵĵ
Ц
̧л֪գͷ˲ۿʱ㣬Ҿ˳˲١
л֪Ų˲䣬Żҵɫͫʶ΢žۣűĳȶոڸ˭˵£
Ͳܱ죬㲻ʵô
л֪һͣȻĬ
ŲĳȴһƬȵļлָ֪һ̵Ƶ̧һָڹ˫ָۣ¶ѿ
򴽡
Ǹл֪Բ𡣡
Ŷ俴һؿڡûôգ׸ʺսȴòߣлովǲСħ˵ֻǺƽĽӴûϵǸϹӣҲƽϡ
л֪˿ۣѰĳУ̬Сˡܹڸǿҵ磬¶ȵĺ޵ࡣ
лûΪβͰѹסˡ
ɰ׵ĹβƺǲѹסģֺǹôΪл֪ڰͣƬ̣ʹϹӣֻҪ뿪ȥĻ˫Ȼʹܡ
ͣٵͬʱͿлͼлֱ֪ʱβεػ˹ȥסСȡ
֮£ΪŻԵʣ޷̫룬ûЬ˱¾һֽһ׳ơ
л֪סСȵʱӲסˡ죬ֿµĿ־һֹ
˿˵
Ĺβһһڵزߵļ׵л֪סβĩˣҪǰ˿Ҳᷢ뿴Ķ
䶢˿ĵطȴǰ¡
л֪ĬƬ̣仰ǶԽ˵ģ
ЦЦԼǰ̬Ⱥܲã˳˶ԲҺС֮⣬˵ףҲûжԲʲôˡ
Ħָһһ˿̾˵л֪ӵֻɱɵ˽գͻȻȼһĽǣܿÿµѹȥ᧿ΣڱԵĹϵѾĸשߡ
л֪ȵβĩ˳亹ȻӴβ£俴ĶȻл֪
ͣһɲķתͷ
̧֣˸ָ
ϵĽŻǱ߶ƵģͻȻһĴ죬л֪ϵĻǻһ㣬޵·ֱһ/ζ
йһ
ʼֻСϵ·΢طйһɲĿ͵޹ɵһ˿ƵƸС
ĲϻٺۣѡطǿҵĽʸоϯֻüôͻȻ
û˵꣬βĻ
ħȺġл֪˸ڼͷһڡ۵űʵ¶ȣ̾˵ôˣ
л֪տڲ̸ǱؽҳһţѾʼʶģֻ˵˼㣬Ҳֲ˼ÿһ˲롣
л֪߬סƲ䣬Ե仰ʱлʧȥִҧһڡ
ҧڼϣݺ롣
ûƤоǱСèСסָƵģûл֪ķ˿䣬ѹķ˿Ūңϡ
Ҫҧһڸˣ
л֪ͷż򣬳ĺţʲô
֮ľл֪ǾˡȴҪ֮һܵ£ڣһݡû־ˡ
䲻üסлգָ³ݺ۵⡣ָڻһоȫҧʹ
ŮôԣرǶл֪ԡŶԷָҧȥľûУۿһƬʪᣬ۽ڵסϸܵĽϡ
ָ³ȥ촽Ѿĥˣе㷢̵΢סл̧ס۾ͶƮ˵ҪɴҺˣαػš
ĥŵҲǲСȷҪ𣿡
Ȼϲ۸ԷҲǷҪл֪һֱŽϾ֮첻СҪǲһЩħ帨ֶܵΣл֪
лΪҪԪĿ֮Ѿͷʹѵ׼̧ۣڻɡй߱仯ӽǵУѰ˫ۡ
ûпԪ񣬶ǽлֱ֪˱β˳״֮β˲˲
лʶضܣȻβӷ϶¶һѺϸֲֺܿĵСȥԿƵĶһ˲Ծʵʵسˢꡣ
лֻ֪֧ţһɲǱ鶾û
ƺ֮Щõֱˡ
ûôùβ룬ֶսʱᶯã˽ҲħĿڿഫ鼮
ϸл֪֪ܲܵˡôһģȥٿһ岿βͻ֮䣬ڶȫ֮һֻ΢ʪס˹β
ƶл֪΢΢ָ˪סһƵġ
ָβķ϶ӹǽڵ°
עľٶŴչ˲βĩˣȻſ죬סβ⡣
磺
лҪ˵ʲôŮβͣһ¡


18 ݻ
βѾջȥˣ֯оůĴУʪܵİ
˿һüģȻͷϵĽǣ˵ϵħϵħƶһ¡
л֪޲
ӲҪ˵ĻҲֻбزٿصıܶѡΪѹ͵֮£鶾Ч÷ӵúܺá
л֪˺üû취ѺӲĹĩȥ³۽ʪģβ͡ΪԸʱڸȷλá
ϧôֺãҲûβ롣ĶأҲûа취õ䡣
гԵģ綼Ӧø
ʱлȴⲻˣû취ʹβֻ֣תһеԴͷǰһԡ̬ȵŮˡ
л֪յúܽһô۾ҵġʪĹ⣬СƵĴǣû⣬
䡰˻һеܲˡǯסл֪򥣬ƿ΢٣ȴֻ˵
ûȥԼеССƵģֺܿ콫İװһֺɬ̬ȥ
ĺеɣû˼Ϊʲôһ֪ĿھڿھЧ֮ǰͻһǰ¸һѪɫ˾
綹ӳ˱˴ԵӰӡ
ĶĻͺ̧ۣӰӶ棬˫ۡ
˼簴ס˶˦ͷ¾Ͳһ˵𣿡
һϮ¡İմŵɺѪ¶걻䴴˹ĵطԳ֮Ϊ˺ۡ
ң˵𣿡
ڿʲôЦ乴Цһ£㣿жõıҪô
۾ǰȥ𽥱ƽл֪ľ롣伸ŵǹɱѩ÷ϵ
þֻ֪ǻþʵлл֪ڿ粻Ϊŭɱ
ָ֣ظ۽ǡֻϹ˵۾ʣӦҸսȥĵط
ղûȫݻ۾״ݻֻģľñطꡣ
ӦøлʴȰô롣
Ƿ̡ȴЦЦ˵Ҳһġ
صġ
һ˲ܿ죬ָֻһɲƽɫֻ˫ĵ˫ۣ˸ол֪żᵽתȷת϶ٱ飬Ҳ޷ȫԵȡ
һôϧĿ⿴ȴĵ⡣
ִʧˡ˵磬ȥԶҵġ
ܱܲˡüסʧȥķӡ֮ŵĲ֢գ̶ֳȵĻþֻһǰףӵ켸ǹĽ̸
̲ס²⣬ǻþ֮ʲôȫĻʵзʲô
ȴûа㵱͸˵˼ӵסļ򣬱ǵָı
塣
ĵƽϢŭ⣬ϵ͵͵ʵ硭ܾûˣûбܿΪ𣿡
л֪
е㲻Ĳβ͸ʲôᡢ飬ȶ˵һΨһ֪ȴɱ˹ͬĵӡ֪νԡ
ɵԼĻþʱȴó罺̬ȣƵһжûзǸԸվߵˡǸе
ףôױˣ
һʱĳĬ΢һ£ס磬ǹɱ䡢Ⱦ÷ζϢУһиɻס֣ȾѪ䡣
Ŀھ쵽ʱ䣬ҪʧЧˡ˵ô룬Բԣ벻Ҫ˷ѡҵĻӦúϤô
ע۾˫ġ䣬ǰϧͻͻԺһһظۣ̲סĥһ⣺֪Ǻİɣ
Цһ£˵Ҳá
޶ס죬ûס赽Ū˿һüģȻл֪
ͫһ
ɿ֣صûѹԶ㣡
һô˵һ߻ͷһԼβܺ͡ãβͷɵشڵϣȫʲôı״̬
仰˵󣬴Լ˼ʱ䣬еѪɫһʧȥɫþǰʧ
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ĲкƬѿһ㱻ħ϶عɲǣЩ϶Ȼһֱը̶ıԵ̶ˮײһȱڣ׺ס
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ĿƹȥѲ˺þã϶Ե̮µľУһǱӰ˳
л֪챻һƬ¶ϵٺۺͰǣŵľ˫ۣͷһѪ
㲻ħ磬Ҳ벽컯ѹƵô
Ѫֲ̧һ´ǣоǰĹ࣬һӰǰ
㿴л֪Ҳ˭һ£㡭

㲻ԸҲ㡣һƬ䵭Ҳڰը˰ɣ
㱻ؿƣμ仹ǻѵʱصԺ
һ£Ȼ̲סЦ˵ѾܿԼˡҪƢٲôһ㣬תȥˡ
л֪ƣؿڵĹľϣεصѾܶζһˣǸ󣬸øʦ㡣
Ҫչ㣬羴һ㣬Ա㡣俪˸ЦȻ֣л֪ӵûģҶ׼
л֪ؿһ¡
ͣħɢֻѻַ˻ؼϣڵ๸˳˳˿
л֪סʧȥľ֦ҶڱΣ˫һ˲˺ǿҵĹߣʶתͷΪִʹУƵĵ˼ᡣ
ע⵽ˡ
˺Ȼְ۾ˣֲܴԺϵ˸ᣬȻ˵˰ɣ
л֪ϸоָʹù裬ʹ˿־Ŀο޷Կصʶ㿪ǱǿӲա
ʲô˺ˣʡ
·ȻƵġ
·Ǻɫġлֻ֪ڳʱһ棬֮ʲôˡǰĲϣӺЮһůĸо
ÿȥ硣˵ȻֻԽԽ㣬ӦһʱѹƻþҸոռˡ
¡Ͳ˵ˡ
仰һҭס࣬˼Ƶģ㲻ôһǰ찡л֪
лҪ˵ڽǰл֪лǰţ⡣


19 
պ硣
ڻþʼ֣˾ɵΡ
Ƭçɭģ̶ˮؾ츣ءϢʿǡ
Ϊգ佫СлһĶ֮Уڵ߹ҵ¥֮УơȻ
¥ǰ̬ȫεޣϢһǧĿڶľ޴ľͣƬ̡
󹬾ڹľ֮ϣ֦Ҷ
Ҳ֪Щ˻ûС˿ڲ衣
л֪ϣһׯĵ˪΢𣬸ԱߵҿǣָǱεе졣
ѻͷлѺʵݹſԵһ߳ԣһ̲סлͷϵĶ䡪Ů˵ҪȺл֪ʩһıεαװ֮Ϊαװѻʾɡ
ҺлԲ۲Ĳ
˵ǧǰķл֪һ仰඼ˡ
ڲʣһѸǶܵתҲδһ·̹;ƣ֣ǳġ
л֪ĬһϢѾʶˡ
תͷ
鱦أĵ岻ܵѹƣһġ΢Ϣл֪۾ţڷ¶һѩ׵ëö΢΢ȥһֻäطû˻ϵ
ͷϵĶ䡣
л֪һͣûжĺͣһ˲ȻûƺڿԼҪܿ˳
ʵԼŪ˸ʲôαװ
ɰ̾˻ָôˣ
л֪ûڣһֻõСżͼѵشһƨļϣ£ŮˣСʦѾ壬Ҳʲô
򥣬΢ЦŵҶʲô
ΪûСʦ̫ˣȻ
Сʦס˲ż͡ƽСʦָ׾˼£̱ſл֪ϣлʦΪʲôÿζ
صл֪ϡ
ͷѻһңһЩˡ
ɲλʦֶ̹ϰлһص֪Ҫʲô𣿡
л֪ҡҡͷԴӱؽ֮󣬶ϢһŲ֪
ҪһλĹ
ħл֪ѸٷӦ
ħԺյķӡ֮أ˷ӡλ벽컯Ĵħͷ֮⣬źܶкͲк޹ĶȻġкǶԵġ
ħոʮħ֮⣬֮µĸ綼ħѵĺӰءӵԭһԾŶ棬ðӿ
ˣӦ֪涼ӡ˭ɣЩҶߴߴòˡ˿ЦǿЦҲ֪ҵе⣬˵ʶˣֶûס
ǶԼĲ֢ã˿ʲôݡ
Ͼ˽ܻأǿ뿪̫ãõѾǻʢʲôζ
һǧǰ˹ؽȥġл֪˼૵
˲̸ȻܲһŨ¥·ʵʵԭڡԽ̸Ĳ¥ٿϢһͣû˵
㰡ȵİУֻȻޱȵؽȥ˿ûӰ죬ѷӡ֮󣬻ˮ
ǰѹϢܱƽ˵Ŀⶼ̲ס̽λãƾʲô򶨡
л֪ɺ϶ѡ
һƬϢԴ֮УֻʣƽĽ̸ܶ˫۾ƲֻäߵĺŮˡ
己࣬βܶ˶޷ϳħ塣
ײ˴ľžžҲѾΪСһƬ谵Уһ޴ӰֶӰлŷɹ
ԭ;޴¥ĴǰֻܿܵġҫŵâƬѹ֮Уһס㸩¡
صһ죬Ĺľݺײòͬľʹһط𶶡ڹľϿһУһ˳

ͣϿգһ졢βȼһĨڰУīвһƻ죬ÿһ϶ĻӣеȼһССĻ硣
ˡ
ˣƫͷ
лָ֪һ£ǰΣӦһǧˡ
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ŶС㲻ǰ
սݣȷʵǲؽеġл֪ľһһʲȥ²ĵĴʹͷιϵѻסû˵ʲô
ѻһʣ๴˴л֡
ȴ˷˽⵲һ£ŤΣ¶һŮڸǣ⡢£ϸƬ¶һĳ˫ۡ
ΪѪ£ǶչʾЩص㡣
λնӣ֦ϸϸزѹ޲غɨȥĿ֮¶һƬɪŵС
ôܻ꣬ţ治ס˵Ϊ롣㲻˵ĽҹݷãôĵذնѵµԼܳưԣ
⻹ҪŮĸЦݣ۾ǧ˭ָߵ͹˭϶аڰףƾʲôĵҵĵа
˵ǸŮˡǧǰʮɽ㻹ǵ֮ܡ֮ޣҪô㲻ű𣬷磬Ȩʲô˼
л֪Ŀӣ̲סתķʶ΢̽˳ȥ
ڤ˼һ˵ǲأ
ѻ֨л֪һۡ
лתͷ˵֪
ҵҪС˻ʲô𡣡
ԴЦصħʱŮ߶£һǣǰʮɽ㲻ȥֲкĸΪȵĶЩСܡֻжεĶһǣ㲻תߣдʷĻЩ˽ߡ
˵Ǹӣ˭֪ʲôɱЩ壬ĶǱͬʴȵ𣿡ƾһ֮ԣߵڰף㲻ͶЧ°ɣǱ磡
Ӱշɹͷ˼ľüܺؼԷסһ޶۰߰ߣ۵׹ŷ˪һüĿ绪ï͵ԣмһδҵʷһƬԸԭʱࡣ
ڲԶĴǰιﴦڷ籩еǸˣƮƮյתͷл֪һ˵
л֪ιѻͣ
к֮¡һ˵һѻԴ̾ϢصҲС
ſŵСżѻһ
ϵкĮȻȥˣл֪һָۣСżֺҡ
лҪ˵ŮСϲã˵cp˵趨
СʦֶɲżĴ۾Ǳȥء


20 
Сżϣܻ۾ȥɡ
һߴСżĶӣһ߼ȥħʱﾭϸšĳ߶£ҲǴ󲿷Ҷ
׳öĬطӦźڰ͹¶ЩĻĥʱǻҵģѼסʲô
λľˡķΧͬкܶʵ׵Ϣ˷ͷ˵Ĳ
˫ս˵Сءľص󹬣Ҳٵˡ
ڵҲ硣ȺڰУͷһСĵǣ͸ıӵһƽ綯Ϊûһ˿˿ҰȥᣬȴҵĵôҷеȨ𣿡
עѾôˣ˵޹ʲô
ܣȻȡ֮ʤ̭棬Ƿ򡣡㲻ȷľ绻
˵ĸԼ˶Ϊ˽ڲȨ⡣ӵǰʦأںֻ顣
ͿǶ𣿡л֪
䴹תһֻղ豭šһƺеԹ۵ͼ
һڻڲضܡɱڵ֮Уʵ̫Ŀˡл֪αװû𵽶ЧСȻ෴
仰ʳ֮ʶɨ˹ȫû̽˵ĸסȻ䣬֪˭סһѩ׵ĵУವһٶ
ǰĶŻڼ
ⲻǶģŭǳŮˣǳѩǳл֪ġ
羪ϵ鷢леػعͷָס˵Сָһתͣסˣޡ
СżüһĻͻȻо𣬿ܵشָ֪Сʦ˭ŮħͷҲˣһ֣͵Ϯ
ĺĺл֪ҪǱô֪Լʵݣˡ
졣л֪
Сż͸򵹻ȥŴֲϣȻ¶ίı顣
ǰλϢײѾ̽Եض֡
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俴һۣתͷ˵ð
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汻ѳ룬һ˿ѪûС
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ɢâָǶǿҵĺȴġܵĺ䷴ɣԵȴ͵һһ˦βƷһƬͽʹ
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۾۽ǳʪѪҺԡ
бϢʴ컯ǵĹһǾ޿ɾȵˡնɱЩʬ壬ȴعԭģ
ĸ˳⣬жʮޡ̾Ϣǿܲ
һ壬һ⡣˵ֻʣ
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ûгˣ֪Ҫòƿǡ̧ϸز۽ޣɾ֮󣬵޲ޣˡ
Ѫ˵ᡣ
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գ˹ȥĴĴϣȽ꣬ˮ
һǣۡ
ɱ˶٣૵˵ʮһ򡭡ǧ١
סĴ᣺Ҫ롣
͵¹Ϫˮ硭Ҫ롣
ǣļͷʲôû롣
л֪Ҳǲ֮ĻˣŶǣģģ份
ոһ˲ǿ͵һѰԼƵģĿ֮ѷ˵ĿƣЮŶصĺ⼱ٷ
ûлصл֪ߣǱһסָ档
˲ŵһĻŭǣʲôˣ黹ң
俴˿л֪һǣƤЦⲻЦغһȻôСеġӡ
лҪ˵ħ
ǶŮǿҡ


21 ĸ
һ˲׵شһƵӭ̧е顣
Ĳùȥֻл֪ûŲط̿һӲİɫ֮Ϩ
һֱ̧شָȵץס˵ĺǣһֻۣС˶˦ϣصһ졣
֮µĵѳѺۡʺסԺؼѴʹҪķѵһ
һԷضһ£Ȼ˻صë֮⣬á
ħƵÿҪϢ
Сһǧ꣬ʱѾħˣһŷ˵ĸģҲͲʶħŮ
ָǣ޴ڵһ󣬻ΪȥѿڶŮ
С˫߬סƵģ硭
۴Ц⣺ĸ
㣡ɱģ
飡
ֱתյϣըˣžðӣ¥ĵ汻ҳһΧɢӡ
˵ͷ³һѪ
СϾؿ
У
ء
¥µ˶Ҫɵˡ
ۿŷŻԶԸķ˱˦ڵϣĹпյģŮ¾ͿҪȫɾˣͷȼźɫĳǱ˳żֻſѪ
󣬷Ѿ˵ˣֻʹڴʱŻѪ飬ϢǷһ˻ƣκܶǱճѪһ
ɿ֣֧򥿴µĳ˵ҪҸһ飬˭𣿡
Сþ߶Ѫסˡ˫Ư貵ķ۱ȱϣë϶ġ
üҪڣл֪Ȼס֣󣬵һֻˡ
һͣѹ˿˵ոôˣ
л֪ı仯ͷӦУֵʱ͸ол֪ܵ˺ܴӰ졣
л֪ûлش𣬶ϸһĮ˳ܵʱҲӲ¶ֺõ˼˿ôȻмͻݡ
Ħűڤ飬һı淺ϤıУֺڱ˵͡أ˵ȴʱƽͷʹͻþ
ҪҲϲߡ
ӣȻ졣
л֪ûзӦͱָֿ˴꣬һԲϸ黬ǻ
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˶Уԡ
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ֻС˻ûϵĻ浹иȼļ˽ǰֻСش˹ÿ۹⿴ŮСӡ
һϹ۵һʱ֪ǸͬĽħʵ壬԰ħҲȽƣǳԸͨ飬Сڴһɡ
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һҰɨµѪҧ
ħʱûԼؼա˭뵽˺ӡ
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ҲҳЦˣϲΪ硣ѾǲڲȨˣΪӴ綼˱ᣬο硣
˭͸ҵģȡǸľϻǼðƷ
亹صǰҺ޹ϵ϶ֻ˵Ϊ
︹ţΪʲôϵ˶ۻ룬籩ŭ㵹ãǲǣ
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ػص֪𡭡ʬ޴棬Ҫ϶Ҳں
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Ķͷ亹æڣҡ⡭»Ҫʷ˰
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شýͷöеͶҽ˼Ƥ¸峤˳ҵʱôû˵ܴŮ߷磬ŸʲôϽ
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Ǩŭ磬ҪȰ˵ĴƮƮص㻹ϴˡ
ʵΣ˿űֻ񶼾˳˲١ľս˴ŰյĹ򣬷ڻҲС磬סαʱǰһڣˤȥ
¶εذסСϣ˻ΣѡѰ㣬ǻǽһĸôǰ仹ռ˲ɣ
ſҡ˱ε־壬ţ˵ֻÿҪҧˣҪУҲϡ
ͦйЦŵֳһ·ķңķ˿ĩˣָԶϨˡȻ̵òôð
ͬΪĵһɰͰ͵¿ˮ
ŷʱϵСżƵըëŶ̶̵֫ߵˣ㶼СʦˣŮˣô
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л֪ƽƽصûС
Ȼ仳̬ȴԶûһҪ׽˼ɨһ֣Ƶ˸ողǻͻô
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л֪ס
˵ͷǾͰɣҲֵԲԣ
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л֪˵仰͸оľȻ̵ϢͻͻЦӯӯ˵Ҿϲڣ㲻֪𣿡
лǻ͵ͣһɲ³һˡ
ָƹȥûл֪ڵĳ䡣ĴͣͷĵӡϣĦƬ̣Ȼ˳ű»ĴҧһݺۣһȵȪˮð
лҪ˵СʦֶǿҲֻһһޣСʦ壬㿴Ҷأ˵仰Сʦ壡
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22 ǰ
պ󹬡
˱ڤ֮⣬ȷʵҲʣʲôˡ
ĿɨĽָһظЩǧǴһ˿Ϥ¶ȣ·ա
ûܹӰ쵽л֪һһƽƽľƵ飬ʵǺͨľͷʱûнʵȴаġ
ЩľͷӴһϣ̫֮Ѭ壬ͨͨľҲصı
佫⴮̣Ȼл֪֣װһƵĸϡ
ָսһ£ֱ͹ԳĹڵһϼʱֳĬɿתͷ
֪ϲں
Щʲôʱõģʡ
࣬ͱͱǿܴӴķС˳ЩƳһѪתͷݺݵصһۣŲ鲻Ըش֮Ϊ˼̳²ͷ۲ݣ˼ܣɶ´֡Щڼһó͵Եɽ͵󹬵ġ
üһ͵ģ
˴ͷ۾ŵ棬ɤ۶ﻹһûɾѪζš
ûзڣǰĶˣ԰ɡһ˵һ߾ÿЦʢ⡢£³Ȼʲôöиڤ㻹һֻķ˵ء
ڤ૵͵̧ۣ䣬ǽҾҲ֪
ҡ
Ȼһͣ¹һ£ҡҡͷһӦǲţҲ¶˵ʲô壬Ҳɱôˣƫƫһ
Ҷֽļ˵һɱ𣿡ʡ
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δ
ԥĿյԱߵԹ۵żϻ𣬾ǻڳԣŮŭˡæճһֻ֣һѷ˵ڶвҪǻ˵Ұȡ
ûеߵĶջһ䣬һ뵽֮ǰþʣˣеͷƤ顣ʽǿֻܰŰɣԾؽһǰĸˡ
Цһ£ָָл֪ǰ
лһоԼ˺ˣڴͻᣬǲ̫
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סĴ̵ֱƵķɿɿҪű˵׽Ūҡ
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л֪𣿡
Ȼʱ˳ܣʱִֵֹľлһ˵һ߰ϵĵ鳶Żϣ־صǺܺã֪һֿѡУֵҡ
Ļҭסˣǳ嶯һͻȻػƵģһҲ²䵭ȥ
㣿俴ʡ
л֪Ĭ˰Σķ²Ľߡ
˵ͷ˵Ŷҵߡ滵ɣСл

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ں֮󣬱øӱҲܰľ񡣶Ȼ磬ҲʧȥɵĸоûôѰ
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лһ𱻹Сżôſߴߴؿߣһշްնշƺôˣ飡
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Сʦ壬ÿడƽˣҪû㣬ͲẦ㱻ǿˣҡ
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ƽ˸вѣŮħͷŮˣһҲ𡭡
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ʲôл֪ʡ
ҩ˵Ų
򴽣ƫͷߣ㻹ҵ
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Ļƣ˵̫ʱЩƻչӡȺġƽʱûע⣬ʱָȥƾһӻƵģļ΢΢
л֪һ£û㿪סˡ
ȫͲֱŤˡ
ᣬѪĵûʲôͬл֪ӵţϱǳһֺŨܷħϢ˵ʱͻɱ𣿡
ûлش
ѻս䣬ӵԼ˺Ͱ£л֪˵һ黰ôᣬºܶѵˮǣôпᣬƴͼһ֡Ƭƴյĺޡ
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ָƷ϶⿪л֪ס˫۵ĳ۽ǡ˫ޣ·صϣһɾñط顣
޷ܡ
ԸֱضԼֻоǿҵġ޷ĺޡ·һж֮䷢ô侲ôзִ磬ô˺Լ
β̲ס˹β˳ϲβӴʱ˸á
л֪Ϣ˿־Уͺѹֵܵһ̶ͻȻƿԷ룬ȴŽؿסΧûйߣл֪ȴᣬˮһûʲô
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Ĭ꣬ʲôҰǾ仰Ƕġ
ҪûΪʹޣ硭ŪһЩɣҲԡ
лҪ˵㣺ɰģҪһɡ
лĬĬᡣ
㣺ҲˣĲˡ
VĺⱾдһ㣬ϣ֧һ棬ţ


23 ʧ
ﲻħ, ûôѹơ
Ҳˣظоĺ̵ġ/ȵġȻűҺҰԵϢ, һߡܵӵ, ֻһַʽ
л֪ûб, ҲûвĴǡǡ෴ѡʱѷǲϡһֶ, ǿҵظʴ
ʣ֪Լ˵ʲô𣿡
л֪ش۾, ʪĽëһֲ˲۽, ָ±ȶȡ
ΪֻҪһ, Ҿͻͣ˵в, л֪
лָ, ԰׵ָ͸ȵѪɫ䶯, ڸβӴʱһ, ðķҷϢĶζ
Ҫû赼, ޹صĶԴǸŮʿЩ취֮, 鶾޷ֿ, ֻҪ̼Щ˯ڼе񫣬һͬ
ֱ⼸л֪ı⡣Ѿȴˣȴֱ΢Ķȼ, ʳ֪ζޡ
䶢Ĵ꣬ƺ˼ô³Ǿ仰ġ޵徲ôܴһֲϱ¶˵Ļأ
̲סǰŸǰл֪һģһϰ߾ọܾ̈̄ͬ˵Ľһ⣬ǸȥǸȴ˵ҵľأںЩ쳾֮¸ʲô
ˣҲ⵱쳾֮¡ܶʱЮź÷΢磬οƵסһԳ㱻СŪۣҲֻνһЦ̾ϢӭĻǽʹҩ
ޣֻẬЦؿ
һͻеͷʹԺ۵𣬵ںԶϵĻ޶ԣ֣תһȦβϡ
лָ֪ɪһ£ܺµƿأָⷢȴģס
ҪֶԲԣĶͷ
л֪е̣һӵϹӣ˫۾ѾҲˡҪڱʱһ糣ʱ˿̣ǰҰĿһԵüãȻʹ
俴ʧ۾ͷ۽ǡһְûĶؿڿյֻ޵ġХȥķ
л֪ȴ̼ˣһоǳĶ۽ǡ
αءοҡɤ͵͵سĳˡԳҲ飬ɲǺϰ߰Ů
Ϊ㲻ֻᱻʹݻٵˡʲôˣ˵˵
𡭡лֱ֪βţβ͹մ亹ģĸ׮Ѫ
°૵Ҫһ𣿡
Цһ£ѡҸ㽲ͻȻҵԺ
Σġһ赭дؿףû֪־ʲôе˵ĳƳĶأŶǵĸʴԣƹвǣܹұ졣Ҳ˵بűе壬ڤۺķ棬ڤ֮ˮ˷Ⱦء
Ҹĵڰָ꣬ʴֲµʱ޺ĸ⵽ֵʴмʮޣûһѡʱ֮ڤħڵƷ尯ϣҺǰ
ûȥ𣿡л֪ʡ
βͼָϵҷȥ
ڡԶƴڸЩｻʱ٣һҹǰ硭ֻܸʴԼ飬֮£ֻҺᱻʴӰ졣Ҵʮɽ϶˽룬ÿһֹɱ
һѪܵ¡ʵڤδҪԶ֣бʴķ֮⣬ĿܣΪͲ¶߻ħ䡣
õѡסаѹĶ룬Ƿƽϵ롣ֻŮ߽֣ʱĴ󲿷˲Żһĵ˵¾ͽˡ
ǧǰտ־ľУ֡ĸСκζ
ϵ·˳˺ɫ䵭صЩľϣǱѪġ֪ѪûиɺԹһʼһΪǱ۾ˣֻնɱָ֣ǰӣдˡҲС·ϣȱȫѪɺӡ
˵ˡл֪
δţѪֻ۾еͫţ֪еˣʱľͷϡˣʮһ򡭡ˣԭǵõģҹص̫ˣˡ
硭
ûбİ취ûбİ취˵Ұÿһޱǰֻ˻ҧҵֻ֡ɱǣӹһʬ塣ʮޡֻʣһҰǿŷ˵ڻʮɽ뿪һѪܸɾ
ҲҪٴӦ£˵ЦЦ֪Ϊʲôûҵ𣿡
л֪оܲԾشԭ滺ĥĵĹβȻһÿһڵļ϶￩꿩صǴ̡
ЩǴ̼˲˺˴죬лֱ֪̳һǳǳѪֻۡʺ۾ԽԽȻڵȼһرѵĻ棬¶˿־ħԭ͡
ճϢ
ħϢһڽڵѹл֪̾˼˵ģŮ֮Ϊֻ֮֮ŭ֮·תס
»˵ġͲָͷʹͻþСС֡
л֪ץס֣еħ¶˶޷ץסȴ˦ֻžſ
ͬʱԭȺ˸նȻ۳һƬѪӰӰ޴ޱȣ˵ŤףѪӰнһѪ̫â䵽ޱңԶĵطѪյÿһ⣬Ժвɱͻþ
л֪̫ҪյħȾ͸ˣûбѪյĹâյǱ˻
޴Ĺ£˹ûһ˿ߣϵͳˡ鲼Ǵ̵βųĴ̣л֪ѪȫˣûУһƬá
л֪ļȫ亹ĴҧѪûнг֪Ҫô侲ֻŻ磬Ҫȥˣ˻
ļϵĹǼױԵˡ
ļżС׼ȷ˵ħġԭ͡ӣαװĹǼױԵǼģһѪġ鲼ŽɫƵĹǼװȥӼͷӵ򥣬°סֻʣһ˫ȼħͫ
ڵӣѾǡˡˡһֻѪֵħ壬һֱǡ
ֶȻϢѪֵ̫˲ţϼصġ˵л֪һ˵ġŮ֮ȴǵһμġ
СδѪһգԺƲסػһ¡סǣչ𣬸Ҫڵķ򣬾ͱһק˻ȥ
ĳѷߣݺݵصҪȥǻ
ҷſ֣ѵ㲻ʲô˼𣿣ըˣˣְ벽컯Ṵأ޷Ԥϵ֣
֪ҧŷ˵˻ûãǯסֻըǵ񣬡ȥʲôã㣬ʲôã
˵СƬ̣
ɿ֡
ûгֵʱΪ֣ԾжԺͺսƲͬȨȡûȨҲֻΪ롣
ôȥкܶͨ鶼ġ˵ûѹʱļءǴۺۺûлˡڲһ簡
뿪㡣ܱҪáȻż̬Ҫã̫㲻ҪŮʼɱ˸ֲ𣿡
㵹취
˻û˵꣬Ѫ̫ΧԤ׵ɫƲ¶һɸɽµϢ
ɱøղŻҪȥķҲ͵ˡʿٵĿ־ǸֲڹģʲôҲ⡣
ûܿңѪյЧҲԶûйϵ´˿̣ʿ֪ˡ
ǰأС͵𣬡ס𣿡
һ룬صƣˣŮˡôңԶħ˶Եģοһֻӡ
һƣֻԹۣ
ֻܰ𡣡
ˣ
ԡתͷƳһۣԣھ͸ʲôʱָܻǣܵĻҲ磬һꡣ
㡭ô
Ҳŷ̾˿˵ǰ벽컯ˣ͵һˣ㻹ǹԹ°ɡǰƽȣ˭ȥ
˱ҭǻ˺üȦջֻܸǵȴһδ֪С

Ѫֵ̫ͬʱÿµľͣЪˡ
̧ÿӣߵͥԺУռķ֮һѪա
СƿԺŽѾע⵽̫˿֮⽹ǵصʩ
Ѿ֪ˡתͷÿӸͨѾ𣿡
ͽѾˡ˫ֺʮ˸񣬼ȵʣеķ޴ھҲٻ˾ųɡǲǷ̫ˣ
ߵͷȻ޿κε̾˿Ҷ˵ûʩħݺᣬ£Ҳ޷ƿصֻȺͻ𣬶פС
ǿġ
ħ򲻿ȡصġǸӣֻǷһ룬Ҫٵˡ
û˵ֻһн֣ÿĹƶȴԶطֺһػصڶϡ
ÿµϿգһ͸ĵɫ⻪Ѫյ䣬Ҳÿ¡϶УΪؾʽڡ

ѪճֵһտʼƮѩ
δ׼ͬز
ħ֮⣬ܶﶼͻĴѩӰϢѻۼһֻ߽Ӳ˵ϡ
ѻ˷ĸ첲ϡŷϵѪϣ̲סˮȫϵҲû壬ŮϢ̫Ũͬѹ£ҲֻܼнβԱ߿š
ҲᱻӰ졣ָָѪա
ǰħģŮġӡ⻷Ӱ첻ħ塣ѻ쬵˵ûпǹҵĸܣֻһֻ޹СѻӸղŵڣѾþײĴˡ
δţȥ𣿡
诹ǽһ֪ͨʱϴ裬Ҫţȥ㱼ǿ˼·ˡѻħҲһŶὫǺܸˣ˵ŮҲˡ
ĥĥܲһ㣬ô̬
ѻһ¶Ǵ̵βͣ˷ʲô
첻˵ˡȴûܴѻ̸ϵԽԽŨķѩУһӰǰ
ͣڰգǰ·ĵޣüͷ𣺡ι
˴һ˵ĵ԰ףͷ׷üͷһֱ£ţƺΪƽüչüγһǳĴۡ
Ҫڣȿ˺üϻعⷵƵԳ/죬˿˵ƶ˲
ظһ֡
˲ֻа˸ˣǰ˲֮ףݴԣѾӣҪˡ
кμ̡⣬ȻչЩ˿˱ŮŭŵóأҲû˰ɡ
ͣؿԣؿڻ˻ǿ΢Цħұۣƶһ㡣
ϴ
ħأ˿ɵСһ˵һ߲壬ȡ֮⣬ʲôʽŮ侲
ȴаԥǰȴаԡޱڤ̫֮ʿҲԣҪӽŮߣϼѡ
£üָѸٵһ£૵ˡȷʵôһ£ƶʾӦȷʵһλڤ̫֮ʿ
һ£ȻӦл֪
Ŵԣ˿ȾŰ߰ߵѪͬӦҲ뿴ħʧȥǡƶ˵ܰæ

Ѫճֵİʱļ縲һããѩľή丯óࡣ
л֪˺ۣ·ӵһִۡЩϸС˿Ѫ飬΢ʹ
δѾ׵Ժл֪һ˿ΪѡҲһģ޷ܡߣֻػر±˺顣
ֻѪǼʮĿ뿲һ˳ܣ
ӣ˹ȵġӲףƮŻ桢ȼյͫʣĦʹ΢˵磬֪ģ֪ĴѾúܺˡⶼ㡣
ûиע
л֪޷Ŀ⣬ȴᱻעŵѹȸСָͷϵĽǣɫ·買⣬ڱ˫ǵʱ΢תߣ¶һɻ
еã
ԥʱͻȻͷӲĹǼĲϣһĨƮħֱƵǰһβɣĹǴ̴ϳ룬һƬѪ
ħӿ⽻л֪ûиͿȳһѪ̵ϢѹƵתβͽػ˻ӣžش϶Ȼһֻʪܵסˡ
ѾֲѪǺл֪ץסβ͡ס൱һѼĵСβǰβ⣬ʺ졣
Ķסˣ΢΢ͷ͸¶һãȻƺ̫ΪʲôṴ/ԼȻ˵ҷйһˡòãҪ£
϶˵Ҫˣһúðοġ磬ɣҺúõر㣬Ȼ󡭡Ȼ󰲾˯һ𣿡
л֪֪ô˵ֻģûѡ񣬶Ҳûʱ˼ڱͬһˣмֵģͲƽʲôֻ뵽Ҳ䰲ûпǹԼ³
ûпܣҲһĶħ壬һȫԭͳֵսޣֻķʽȥպһ̵ĺӡ
л֪ȫѪָۣ̽β⣬ڹǽӴද˼£Ȼ¶ϸĶ롣
˿ʹѾеˣֻǿظȥָ䵽˶Ķˡ
βӲסһ˲Ȼһ£͵ջβವػˣ˦л֪ġȴѹøųƶ΢΢˻Ƶ͵ʹ
硭૵صס߬ȥߡҪ뿪ҪҪɱˡ
ˣҲܲûСеƮһ£й¶Ƶġ˿־Цվִ̧֮ס˽һƽƽĳ
֪
ǰħħ
л֪Ϊޣ̾͸ӦħҪɤˣħһ飬֮ѽµطָ룬ɽһ
ϣû赲ĵһӳӿĽ⽫ը촷ۡ˽µĵ濪ʼ죬ƵĽһ·ɨȥһĵиɽɽϺبŲʮɽԴΪģϱϳ룬ͬǵ
л֪ҵؿԣħ˱Ƥ˻ءס
˵ʵٶе㲻֪ζ˳סǰѽĻѪҺĨϣл֪ͷϾ亹ҧɿĬһھΧûһɫ׭Ĳ֣ͬһ
ɫ׭ĸŵϣմһ˿ڤζ֪Ľ΢΢һ˲ͣȻû뵽л֪
ڵϣϵĵѾѪȾ͸ˣ˺ƵʮǱл֪ס촽ŵһ˻ȥȻסĿڵǰѽײ궯
俴һۿơ
Źڵϵл֪˺ܾãص
Ҫﱻˣл֪Ҳû취ĽȻʾһǣҲܿƵĽܹɹմĹ⡣
ǡơûʲôصġңϢˡ
ѧżֱָסԼĻл֪ۣеɳƶ΢˵ʲôҪ룬磬˯һɡߡ
ûж
л֪᲻ᱻҲ̾ͷˣԼɱȡħҲʧرŭһꡭⶼǲԤϵ顣
ûѡŪĴۣҲŪ磬ΪյĲء
ԤĻ涼ûг֣ϵĹǼһȥˡ˫Ƶˣ渡еϢ˺ĵطڻУͷ·ǰʡ
л֪ظļоħһ䵭˴ϢĻᣬִӼϣŵͷ׺ɫյĶָĲ
˲֣ۣС
л֪Ҷ㿪ֻƲԼϵѪħҲǱˡĺһסؿڣоǱദĻŻҡ
ֻܾػָ侲رº͡˵־м޵ģ䰲һС֮л֪ԺеǸұ̫һɹͷŹʧѪ˹ȥ

ûôֹ
ľؿűпһ϶ĵ棬ڲõĸղţ⻹һƬдеɭ֡ͷȥѪգֿ˿ϲٶѻѩ
˶˵ŮǸյסûһ˹ȥ
˭֪䵽סǸաʲô̶أһʧɱأһû˵
߸ħɡ
ոոϵͷѪյĹâ˥ˣһۣӱ˴˵пһ˿ҡŮױɷӣһ١
һ벽컯ôȥȷ粻ɱֻʼǣǿĵܲܶˣҪʵûа취ǷѰ滻ħ֮滻֮ôҵġ
ĬĬ˼֮ʣλħʦڣ֮󣬾ҪҲˡ
겻ô
ĿӷĶϱɨһ£ֿ˿㣬˵ʵڵģϸŮֻˣҲһˣĿ̾ô󰡡
۽΢飬ҿŶԡħúõģôһͳˣ
ڵϵС˵ͷƵز廰ô֪ҪʲôҸʲô˭ɱ񡣡
Ƿϻôʲô
Ťͷȥ说ӰأšŹǼʸָצ۾˸쬡Ĺ⣬һɼȫħס
߽ˣ˿ϵķˣ̧ͷƳһǸ˻ûأͿǲ˳ˣջʮħŵĶҺ޲ΪŮɨ£ֻ֮ĸԸ
仰Ǹ˵ġ촹֣סļ΢侲һ㡣
սָҧÿ֨֨죬˵
ĵ֮ǹȥΡͷħ彻˼䣬Ź诿֪϶
Ϣظ
Ȼʮ׼ӽϢʱ̲סҺãŮ޲ɱ¾Ļ沢ûг֣֪ϢҲܱߡ
ϵֲȫήˣǱɱ͸ˣ͸һİ졣̤뽨̮ѵıԵڳδɢǰһӰ
䡣
θýβ͹ʮشڵϡĹѾҲƽûһ˿㯺ʧصļ
ĻﱧһˣǸŮɫ磬ʵʵһߵͷϵӣһĶͷƺ͵͵˵˼ʲô
ֻܿ͸Ѫ̾˿ĵ˵ħ岻ܸͨ飬ⲻǰ˸ˣߣǰ黢ô˵ģ
о̲סܸǽڰ
䲨ؿһۡ
ʣµİ仰ʻ˶ȻֻǺ̵ܶһĿ⣬ŮԼࡣ
л֪ã߳˽µķ棬ӭƯüһûڣǰĵʿһ
ƶлѵġлħ˴󰮣ƶѣֻҪúýȻŲлѵĶ顣
ħʲôظһ⼸֣û
Ů¡˫ǳ۾¶ʮϣ𣿡
䣺
һβͣл̵֪ĶͷԼҲ̫ոʧصʱ򣬵ûаβȥ


24 
л֪һ, ĵҲ˺ѣѪ߰ߡõġ
佫ñ, ̵, ܸоϵ˿ѪҺÿһʺҺӼϻ
ϵ, ѪһССѪС
֪ҪξȻĽ飬Ҳòϸؿǡڶ԰˲۵ķټлֿ֪ơȰĿ⣬л֪ҽչˣƺŵѡ
˲ʿòҽ, ҽ, ҽ˫İٻȡ
л֪ҽΣһ磬档ΧǸϹĸħ, ÿһ˸ڡҵħ彫, ŮǰǶǰ͹ɡ
֮ǰЩ嶯ŭĹ, зֻͨ籨ŵѻ
Ůһ̬, ֻʮħǰ˼, ڷ񵽵ġ
һƲ޽䡣
һʼװȵ, ƽʱסˣرסָصŮħͷСʦҪ, ⱲӸĲ
עƺƽħ۹⣬ǳٶһʱŻعۣɨСżһۣ㿴ˣ
żžžવصᣬֻĿǰͱƮˣβͲ嵽ﶼŪȫѪⶼˡأôôСʦ壡
ƽ˵ЩǴ̴л֪ȣĴȥֳʧѪԭ
һû˵ʲôΧ˲Լͬ˿诸ǱԼĿˮǺˣؿԡʼزżǸһӰˣһӺߵ
һȭڴǰؿһѹ˴ôû档
诵ڴ𣺡Ҿ˵಻áǣܵ˵Ȧŵ˭ꣿ
컹ûشһ˵˽ʲô𣬺滹ӣʿʲôõģһЩڡˣ
ֱߵյ䵽ϣһǰˣƮƮصü
һӰˣҲʣ¡任һˣĿĵز֪ʲôתͷҪʣֻСżѾ޵Ʈһˡ
˴ƽ˵ô֪սȥģ
ʦһǣõ֮塣ô㣬㻹ҵĻƽʵص֪ĴԾ뵽ʲôһ󱯴СʦôõһˣôͶŮħͷͷΣһΪ˲롭
ż޵ôãͻȻһذӷ׵ǶϡǸòħؿһۣŮ
ƽ߶µرͣҲҼ©ˡɫ˴˽Ӵһߣжǡ
л֪ʾõһܰŮ֪սڣֱһ˼£ѵħʱŮѾô
ǵĹϵôãл˵ӣҲΌܵİɣ
ǻû㿪ʣʧ𣿡
Ѫδʱȫʧѩʱ̳ͣ£Ѿʼڻˡ
šһ䣬ֳĬ˺һеĲɵغȲ裬ſտյġ
ҿڴšֱеŨһϢھаС
ӦֶΡ
ֹƬ̣ɫ԰ףѩڵУôһǣ߿ȱߵǰҪڣֻͷڳλ
翪ڣ˱֪ʶȤ뿪ŶϡȻûضſڣĥֻܲƬ
Ҳǣʵ𣿡
ֹĿ⸴ӵؿ˺ðĻ˵˻ҪˡҲȫް취ֻǡֻŮʵѴ
ʲôѴ䲻ԡ
ļֺαظĶأź󱲵۶ҪдˣˡƶԣֻҪ߶л㣿ǶҲȷʵ̫ĥЩ
˵䵥֧򥣬ָǵŴ꣬ʶؾͽ˰䣬ȻȻӦЦ°ʣصĵӣôҪָ𣿡
֪ʧԣ֮βѣûȰȥֻҡһţֵѾˡֻ̫ԪЩȡԾΪá
վһ˵ȥһ߹Ҳûʲôֱȥˡ

һյĵƻ
Ʈ۵Ϣһ£ﲼһС͵ľ¯һö㣬żŨĲҩζ
ÿʣϿȥһӰж¹ڣĺڷɢϣͷ죬ѵˮ
ķβȻļ΢˵л֪޷ֿ¶Ѫɫȫʧӣ˺۵Ĵꡣ
ĶͷǺȡȻϵˣһ䣺ҧ𣿡
л֪ɤյúƣƵؿԣͳֲд˵ľˣ˵Լҧġ
ûţƶؿڣоԼѪ֪ڣɢѾûиܹζˡ
ƷҰɡ
л֪ȣϵǰĺۼҲһѩױһֱϵĹۼ͹ԣϵ˿ھĺ졣
סֱ˵ÿֶʹɳƣ
㣬ǿ㻹ŵϡһ˵һ߸ĿڡʹõĽл֪̫֮棬˵Ϊҹܶⲻ˵ġʲô˼ҪΪУ
л֪ûشյѹ˵仰Ѿþʱеģģ߬ס֡
㡭˵һ֣ȻԼҲû취ǿϴǿдл֪ƳԼսԷұ˺ü죬Ҫǿȡؽյסһ¾ȥˡ
ҲûֻǽַĿڼ䣬һûһࡣеȣелָ֪ʧصʱ򡭡˵ʲôˣЩǵˣֻܼǵһģĴš
л֪͵͵һӦȴûˡƬ̣Ҫ˯ˣɴѵۣϴڻ
ᣴ£Ŀ֪ļһӾͲˣַʵʵֹͣһߵư뱧һ˿ϵۣ̿Ӳȫȥ漴Ĵ
ֻչѽ˲֪ãֱβ˹β⹴˹ǣ϶Ҵȥ
֡˵ôô߻ȥġҾȻû㣿
л֪ɪһ£һߵϢƫƫ㣬Ūлܿͺˣеɿʣȴֱܿӽķ򣬴ǻƣȡ
Ϣ̫΢ʱƵ΢΢ſں䶢Ĵʲʣιһڡ
˵л֪û
ļҪʶѵĻʱ϶߶㿪ŮϸļࡢԶ֮κģĶعһ޵񫣬ҪƿҲûƮƮܻӭ
һ֪ԼӦʲôȫͬˣһˮ˫ĴӡȥɽｹʵĿС


25 ιҩ
΢ˮʺ, ˺۵ĺιһˮ΢ֿӡ
л֪ȥ, ״̬ûбøãһȡᡢسܰŪż, 
۾ʲôҲû˵
ڵȼյ̫ãһɲ΢֮, ȴʱš
л֪ѹġ
ǰҺһƬ, ʲôûСȴһɺǿҵġ΢ȵϢоˣͬʱ, ҲܸоԼһůĻ, һƬļ
л֪Ժ˲ܻԼðҲʶʱоģǡлŲ֣뾡һ㹻ȫ˵ľ롣
ոѣоˡֱսѶԷԼĻ, ؿסںĴͽ㵱Ул֪˲佩ӲʵһӴܵϸļУͺһŻĿ, ڵءֲݾܾ
øһλŮ޿ô¡ħ, Ѿйס
л֪һĿڡΪǰѽĴڣԼҵֻܸеŻȼĻ¶ȣ³һ, ¿һº
ˣ˵
šл֪һ价Լϵֱֻۣһ£ܿȥһж𣿡
ָʲôƺ֮»δꡣҸ˵ӦþͲµѾûˡ⣬Ӧģ԰ɣ
Цˡл֪ۣƵĴͷɤӵʲôʱôˡ
Һֵ¡˼صһħ壬һڼȫʶ°ߣտҲİƾһôĳˡ㲻ú𣿲Ҫ𣿡
л֪ģеû㡣
˵ء֣ôңҲ˵ġ
Ҳ˵ġл֪һۣϰԵسԴȥʵ޷Ŀĺˣʹȿȡ
˳˳л֪ѹֲסŴϢĿüֲԷѪɫ
ûҪ˲̫࣬Ҳ˶㿪ĴϵѪĨֻһҧδϵ˺ۣǡı
仹ǵһݡһ£Цŵû˵˼Щ׻Ӧʹ޵ļ֮ˡ
л֪ҡҡͷûϸ͡۾ǺõĻ˵Ŀµ׽ŪڴӢۺͻӢصޡ
һ治㡣ѽҡ
֣л֪һ£ȻɵС
вѵ˵ģͲҵûôãҲûŸлİ
л֪ҡͷĽʡ
Ŀһ٣л֪ϣ˺ðΣʲô˼ҵ˵ܾôɴ࣬ҪҪģָıˣ
л֪Ĭһ£ҲеΪȻͬ˵е졣ԴΪأħԼܣɱһҲήڤ̫֮ȻأҲб⾻á
л֪չϢߣǳ֮Σ
лϢ㿪ʵ޷ѡȲѣֻ˵Ӧҵġ
ӦʲôˣüҶʶˣô˵
ʶл֪ʶ¡
һ͡
˵侲ûбƵöжס
Ǽǵġл֪˵ֻҪظ˵˵ʲô᲻ͬأ
ϵЦˣŶԷʱҶҪˣôתӡ
л֪סƵؿԣļ򶼸΢ȥһŶ϶˵ǰôģʧˡ
߬סϲŲıҪİͣͣ˦ɴ´·
л֪OO@@һȻԶԶġ֡ȫС˵һɸݵɬʹӿοοԼ֮Ĺϵǲܸġ
¾ô𣿾εؼס
ĽŲ˼ΪȶѪӿΪסԪٴζҡص˱ǣˡлֹ֪סؼȣǻϷʹֿȳһѪ
ѪͷϥǼ䣬ﵽǹζϢƶɬܺͷ˲Ƭ
еߵߣͣ룬תڴһŵл֪
Ĳ˵ŭⷽ棬лǰһһޡ
ͣƬ̣仹ǳȥˡ
ײ졣л֪˵̫أؿһϲ²ȥġڽ䣬ֻռ˴ڲССһ߶Ժģûʱŵĸ
ƺһյʱ䣬һֻ̫ԵˣȻûһл֪һ£ѥӣߣա
л֪Ժز֣βŻع񣬵Ҫͷң
˪ļӡͷµ˵ҩ
л̧֪ס˫£һ𣬰ǰʲô
׼ҩܺãҺúչ㡣
С㣿л֪еס֪ǰ˲֮ףʦչһʿӦöǰĹػмѲŶԡչԼ⻰ʵǡ˼
ô粻
ҡл֪̾ҲСܻչ˵ġ
ҡ
л֪¶һǳǳ΢ЦŲ԰ײѪ֪ʲôʱ˵ϣִŵɺȻ飬ĪĵͻȻһ¡
׽ҩ֭Ķ˶١
ԼɡǿĦһ·֡
ͷ˿Էű󣬱͸ѪĽףϴССٵ˿ڣƻȥ˿ûͦÿģǷ·д֡ǿš
ְȥҪ̧ιٿ𵱳ιˮʱԷܲϵӣԺﲻ֪ǸңȻ˵졣
л֪ΪҪιҩȻе㲻ģſ졣
ǯס򥣬˫⧲ظǹĴɲǣл֪˲ըˣȫסҪʲôڵһºõѪ
Ͼŵġ
ҩе࣬粢⡣ʱлͺñ£㶵˰ڲ̵ָⶼġ
л֪ȥڣܲˡס֣ͨػرܣͷϸܽӴܸ߳мɵ
ԼԼͿԡ͵͵صôҡ


26 
, ȴʲôûһָǣĦ򥣬Ȼ˳Ųյȥ, л֪Ѫ۰߰ߡȾʪҩ֭Ĵ
Թԣ㿪, ɾиˣҲչ㣿
ǴĶѧֳƺ˵ǳ, Ƿ׵֮, ƺ̫ͺ, һֶԳǺ۰
л֪۾ɬض˶, ðβŷи㡭Ҳ̫ˡ
˲۵Ȼ, ǳڲ㲼ֵĵ, չ鲻л֪˳ʦ˵յã˵иˡ
ȴ⣬л̵֪Ķ, ˳ҩ˹ȥ, ȴû뿪ǽлڻС
л֪ȫϢ˪Ⱦ͸, Ů˱ħ˿, ֻ⽹Ƶ¶, ҩСںҩ
ĺˣҪǺȵ̫죬ɬҩ֭ͻʹ˺ۣ, ÿһҩʵúܼѣͷľʧȥζ
ලҩĵعлһƺڷķ˿ϣƳһ˳ָٿػ䡣л֪ûעʱ̣Ŀ䵽δ̬öϣ䲻صСӡ
л֪ǺһڣŴ˼ɳƵɤͻȻһֺìܵöԷһֻ͵ܾӣ˳ɡ죬ֵŪŪƽ￰ƶׯл޵۾ͨ졣
뵽˼͵ͣһ£΢Ҳʱ˵ĵ¸ðͷһһĻڴܡ
һ˵ţΪ˳ⲻ֮ܵծҲʱһɣһųͷβͣΪΪ²һģ㡣
̲סһ¶䣬ѹһԼĻͼл֪һߺҩһ΢ŲŲСĵظһ롣
䣺
лȫûԹԵغҩͷϵöɫëںڷ֮䡣
ü˵СʦֶĲż
л֪һôˣ
ûôٲҪߡժż۾˺߰һصƲˡ
һ˵һȡ
л
ǰ¶踺ص顣ÿδ߶Ϊⱻˣÿⶼ˲ˡҪ¿ʼ壬ѭʧȥģǱǵòˣֱܴ¡
Һãл֪ųʱﲢûкֻܹ֡Ǳסھϱһڣôң
л֪ܽӲöܷɣָҲе㷢ȫȻʱ򶨺ᣬʴӵش䣬ֻؿҩıԵҩѾˡ
ۡ˵Һʹ
ļ򣺡壬㣬һͲˡ
л֪һǣ͵ұֻ֪鰮ҩ𣿻ǷŹҰɣʹһ㣬Ҹñ衣
̬öŵ٩Ц⣺ôôѰ찡
л֪˵ͷϵĶ䶼ˣöĶشëµ˱ƤϸֳѪŵĺ죬УԲߡ
һָϵȶȴˣһٸʦֶ³çǼа֮ˡЩһܾ͹ˣĥҲòһ˿⡣
ҶﲻãҰߣ˵ƣһɵգⲻô
ȡ
úãõ˳˳ı̾˿һҾͰСʦֶ֪ɣһЩ˵
л֪Ϊ⣬΢΢סֲ黹ϡ
û뵽ô˵Ϊʲôȡֻ߸ɴǹ׽ŪᣬֱȡõܺʱſϴӦ
Ҫһӡѽٵ壬㲻ǲ֪һʱѹħַӡҲǣĵ塣
ʲô˼л֪زһ˿Σա
˼ǣЦһ£ӡ֮˱֮⣬ܱκ˴֪һƢĽɲô򵥵¡
л֪ĬȻƬ̣
ţ
ǹĶ԰ɡ
ѽص㷢ˡɲǵһǧôȫΪð
л֪ҧ´ü壬ֻ̾Ϣһصˣ⣬ұҲûˡӴ

ͻСżĲ䣬
Ҳл֪ڼΨˡӲ󣬳£棬ûʲôơֻϧһץӸΡһлݵħ⣬ֻҹǽſôһ˼ĥһǿʲôŮġ
ħķ˺͸ˡΪƺ֮½ͷöҪݷһллλħĻҲûʱʸ
ˣ֮⣬ֻиȥ硣֮ˣл֪ûͻȻ˺
л˫ۣһѩ߶ĳǰǶԺϵڣҲĵɫֻ棬ͻǸؾѩ޵ˡ
ϧȴ֪ĵжδϵ˿ڣֻܸпһϧڴһλħ߽/Ҫ˵ȥܰĿʦ
л֪ǰֹ̧ס˶ԷĶ˳ʲôڡƶͳʦӵ񡣡
һ˵һͳСżл֪УŮƶġ
СżһȻлָ֪䣬ͻȻƵġŤԼ׾ָ½һֻл֪ļϣصؿʼޣСʦ壡ڼˣһΪǰôˡ
л֪οû¡
ܽû𣿣Ƕ
л֪ᳵ·ޱסżͣƺѾµ˵ʲô֮ˡ棬붪Ǹ̶ȡ
ƽ²һͷԵСʦļϣһ
лл֪תѾöˡ
ֻǱˣҹɫȴúܡƶǾòҽлҴ˴ιŮ֮Ĵ㣬ҶڡˣٹأƶɢΪʱա

˲۵ĴоģҲ֪·ǷоͷǷ֤컯㡣
ˣƶһ֮롣
˵ڣл֪ҲԼµݡĬûлشǰÿ۵°ڣ֣°ݡ
л֪ϥǴæͷȥȴ뵽ԼòҪˣָͣա
ڴˣҡȿȡ˵΢٣ǣˣֻͣ»Ϣ
أʵġѾⲽԴΪءʲôʽʲôֶΣħŮɱҲĸ
˵գԼҲеҲס㰵й۲飬л֪ûŶ֮飺ڻŵϣҲڡȥ˵ֵϰɡ
л֪ͣĬȻòʣþӰ˲ʱԼĵίˣȡδܵõãƽ
ȻԣΪҪܾл֪Ҳŭ޿κΡԴԳЦЦ˵𡣡
ΨԼԵвȣ֪ٶȰ˵ת۾о𣿡
л֪ҡͷҲ֪
ŮƢûܶҲûȰסҿлºЩ˵
ǲΪҡл֪Ȼͣһ£ૣǡΪҡ


27 
⡭γԣ
л֪ȴԸ͡оһĪƣ, ǿάסһƽ顣
ûǿȥӹ, ֵֻҪʲô, ȻǾµֻǰЩʿȻûлص˲УҲµܹĵԲߡ
Բߣл֪ʡ
޷ħƶ, 쿪֮١ܶӦҲʶ, սħģһƥƿصľ֮ƶҲһ뷨ħĶ, Ƿ񻻸ѰܹοŮħģָǣ
л֪˼Ƭ, δ
һ£ȷʵûС, ꣬ڤۺڤ֮Уһյǡ񡯳סŮȻ˴, ȴûб̬, л
û˵ȥ
л֪ԸôѾг֮˵ˣ뷴, Ҳ޴, ֻóĬ
һ¡˺ܾã֪ͳűõĴѶ飬ŵֵڼǰƶ, мἰ¡Խ⿪еһЩ֢Ͳ⡣
л֪ӹ飬뿪޷ͣʱײµͷָ˱ֽ
ûмʱͱɣչĸνʦุһֱ˹ڽתľ£ҲʦԹԡָּֽԴӱβϵĶ͸ԽԽУָֽϣܸо΢͹״
л֪ûзųʶַֻʽضȥ
֮òλǰһ޶ǰЩʱջ۷Ȼϳ̸һԵԣҲܲµ˭ǸܻǰŮˣǰļ˥֮٣ֻʣ¶̶̰յ֮̾ǰı㣬Ϊ飬ѹ¡򣬺롣
ҪҲ֪Ϥˣ֪ĹϵҪĸۡļѱ쳾֮ĥѻ֮ԻѵģҲãֻֻ֮֮ҵĵӣԱǰĶ£Ļ۸ģҲܽ󡭡
ֻһ£Ծɻ⡣˵ЩĨǰ˵Ůħͷвɸ˹ϵҥԣΪβûбɨ·Ϊ;ͬаݶĿˣһļأҥԵġ
ҵʦ𰡡л֪̾Ŀǰݣ²ҥԣ˵ǰ޲ΪһԹ£Ǿ壬һһͲһλ
Ҳһվڲͬϣչͬ߱ʮءĺ˴Ψһ֪֮飬ּ߷ֱĿɳ޵֮ޡ֣ƺҪһ𣬲ԵǢ
νġļ𡱣Ϊʲôأ

üģۣ˦һԴ
ûãϻ˻ۣڷϼһʮòĺͯģźɫķؿСУĸ
Ůע⵽ߣԼտҲࡣ
䶢СӡᡢۣûбѪȾ죬հ𪡣ϴСʱƾؤƵãȫǶõĺ˺ۡ
ûСڵŲ˹ֱߡ˵ϡ
Ůľսؿ仯
ﵽʲôڿʲôӲҲи޶ȣⲻǸշ𣿻˵ֲûͣЪʱͷ裿
ҲԣҪйɵĻǾûôˡƫƫлֲ֪Ҫʱ˵˵ϻ
츹˰Σӵ־ޣԼɱˡβͱ̲ס˰벽˵
죺ʲôڸ˭˵
ڵϵѻһطֱϣ۶Сۡ
ҰСܿ͹ɵվһֻ˳Сè䡣廹ȱߡ
֣ҪڵСϣͻȻоĿ϶һˣɨһѩ׵ĵۡ
̧ͷ
档
俴һۣɨһ㷲ķֱϵѻһΣָþʵĳ仯ûˡôͨͨƽˮسǰӦߣΪʱߵˣԶͣԺ
СûܹȥǿߣסָΪСֻ߬סָڣЩõĺ״ļϣСȴ۶գ
˭ģǽǰôĶѧóƺ
ҽġ˵
һѩ׵ĵһ˪ѩ䵭۾ʱȴһºƽվӶ˹С֣Ȼǣס⺢ӵ֡
üһˡ
þһվǱĹѸŮԸϴ֣߸ɴص˹ϵѶŵʱڡ
״̬ƺôðҺСһ𣿻˵Ҫ־޵ģ۶ѪƯƵľŻỳµ龰
䱻ѹ֮ǰҲûݵĻ档̫õʱ⣬ԺＸ䲻Ǹ棬ֻܸоһθʹķθסǣ¶һŪЦݣò˵ҹΪҺðɣ
ûлش𣬷ŵСѾͷ¶ɻСʣĸ˵ʲôأ
Сûп׽˷ĿɳģȻ˵ĶԻ
˽Сӱ졣˵һ䡣
ȡһ÷ǵݸСȻȻ̧ͷ䣬Ҫ𣿡
ˡޱصлҡ
Ҳ㣬˭ءʲôҲ֪ԼӿʼܿˡһþʼͻѻŸң顣׺ɣһ꣬иϰߣҲӦõġ
˵
Ҹ˵ʲôԸҵġȻؽӹͬҹĺ棬Ƣʱܺȡţʲô˵ϴõѣı۰ĺܡ
ˣɵĻͲ˵ˡ䷳
ʱĻþԼɱÿһˡתƻ棬ƽصһۣЩԭʬ壬Щ޺ͺСʧȥħ֮󣬵һֵĻþһֱֵĸˣӤаת޵ǣͼǸȫѪ󷨵ϡ
Ѱͻ˼ʱġ
ǽаѪ󡣵û뵽ΪһֵĻþǸֵĸĺӻĿҹػĶ硭ǣѵ㲻𣿡
֧򥣬һġ
ûʵ޷ǰǼ٣ڻþн˺ʬƴһȴĻ΢˵ѹˡ硣ˡ
˺۵Ұޣںڰ֡޷Ĵ໥ˡǾøʢΪ簲һ롣ʧȥħġԴͷЩʱգڰ·ϡ֪ߵͷʧ·ˣҡҡĵƻ
ǰ̾Ϣ뿪ҵķӡ֮ҪЩеˡǰֻڿԿһĳʲôˡ
ΪҲΪĻþ֮һ
ЩʬɽѪݣЩ˷ֲʵٵľͱˡ
Ϊĺ޸Զ̹ģѪһ̣ʱʹС


28 
Ի, һԵķѾĬĬ˳˷䣬˳ִš
һ߻Ļһص̾, ѻ˵, ⻹е˽֪ɱһλħķǴ̴࣬ŮʧĶģƽ˶޲ߡͷ
ѻͷ˿㱾ģ
ӴгƣתĹ⻪Ѫʧ֮ƾ͵, žɵͬ˷, Ůġ
磿ѻ
㶼õ, ǵĿĻ·˽֪ŵĴлʦֽ, ɵȱ֪˶, ҪǺĻ˵ǲ, ɱķ, ҲΪ
ѻҡҡͷ, һԼŮģЩ֡ҲǸܾ˵ľأǺαء
ⲻȫȻǸ硣, ɱأҲ֪޷֣û˻ⶥ̽ս, ϾѪպʹѩӦŵ˲ˡ
ѻҡͷԵصͷﲻֹһö, 滹һöͨʵҲˣ
Ĭһ˲֡ɱˡĿⶢֻڵ񣺡л֪ġ
лл
ߡ˦˦βͣβмһߣβ׵תŤߵļƣûġ
ѻΪȻͷͬʱڡ
ϲ⣬ȫлˡ
ܱŮȥʲôã
ѻһ£ֺܲ۹⿴ŷ졣磿ħöòˡ
ȫǴͳħ˼άģʽ˵л֪˵̫أǿ޷䣬ȥֻ׸ѡǹ诡ỹôģΪȡʮħ
Ҳ̫ˡѻҼ磬תעҪ˲һġ
ûʣ
ѻеͷԴҲܾûлˡȥôܲԺƵĲ˼֪ɡ
Сɫ͵һ죬ɿڸǵôᣬô

л֪춯ʱһӦˣܿϢͲзֱ߲䡣
βȻأ·ʱϲùβ棬ĽŲȳ˸ᡢ죬û˿βҷһֻڻҰĻ
ûʶԼķӦеڼҵĳˡл֪޲żͣһ£СʦֶϥϡתĵطƽЩ䡣
죿ʡ
˳ѵܰʶųôԶԷģ
β͵졣л֪
ǰԹԵֵ˱衣ֳһ˿Ŀ⻬ȥλӡ
л֪룬ߵϲһصı¶󣬲ֻҪûϸǵĵطһѩ׵ı
ڸʲôȤشϵĲż
ˡҰѱ߷л֪֮˸߳Ҳ鿴飬Ҳû뵽Ҫʲô취塣
Ȱġ쵹һ裬ͻһ̲ѪˮˣܷżѾ⿪㲻ΪͬţΪ
˹ȥ
л֪ӵУûзָϵ¸档ͨǶż֡ʦ֮
ʦ֮ǽʦµ
ԺиֳӡʦȻʦͬţɽʱ޵꣬ΡϰʮʦԽ˺һ꣬żѡ
ڷע£л֪ƿָݡĬƬ̣ͬǰ
һô䣬;ᡣĥĥʦǷҪѲˡҪôȥǺͱʲô𡣡
ˣ
Ŷž϶ɵ֯ĴΪ죬˺ܶӲĴʿ治кܶǧǰľһЩʶŮ
Ϊ˶Ըط쿪ڣл֪ѾʶˣʲôȻԷһ߬סһǣħ̽ƺҪ֪ڲ
Ȼħȥл֪ĵ庮⻹δüһЮʬɽѪ͵ıݺһ£ӡɷλպյĴħסǣͷһѪں㡭
л֪Ǻײñ˵ķӡ
̲ס˾໰ȻߵѪô˵Ľ
л֪ǡ
ôʹãķӦеĸȻطķȥβͰѵ˦žž죬֪ôܽһòȻƭѹĽģ
л֪üһе񾭹Ȼһ
ôҲôǸαһģһҾ͸ȰϾɱʲôתʲô߰Ķնݳ󻼡
굽ʼŭĻ˵һ룬Ȼһ
ļһֻ֡޳ǽϸֻһģȴ͵ظоһâڱΣոУϸָסĹǯסš
˳΢սȻģȥ
챻ĵβ͵رһͣƬ̣Ŵ𣺡
ѹһŭħ壬ֻҪһ仰һħͳɼһߡ
ϵѹƸֲ̫ˡҪôΪսҪôսֻ£ħһ顢㼫˴˸ݵķѵС
ߺס֣űԷ󣬺ܾöû˵һ仰˺ðΣȻ𣿡
ʲô
л֪΢΢һʶƺǸԼ˵ġ
ЦЦƺͷһֻۡһƬյԼ͸΢ߡֱ۴ǰȦסл̧֪ӣ˵Ҷ⡣
ͷһֲ̬סĴǳֹǡл֪Ŵڲǽڣִٵ˿ļ϶ʣڸ˭˵
䱧סл֪ĴҧѪۣСƵ׵Ĵ⣬·Դ˵ǸҪģҿûҪȽϵ˼
л֪Ѿµ˵˭ˡƽˮ˼͵رˣ·˷ĿƯߡ֪ʵڣĲַˡ
Ŀһط飬ֺǶǿҵ˺ƵģȻþسס죬Ǹˣʲô˵ġ㡭ȿȡ
л֪Ѫӿ֧Ųסôǿҵ̾Ϣҵؿӿһǣۡ
ҧ˻ȥӵ˸ȻҲûֻǱۣĶϵұһ
뱧ңǡ
л֪˵
ڰһɲǡĻþУһСİ½ߣСǣ֣ڽŶСظ˵ĸбֿˡ
ִ﷭һ÷ǸƵصġֻôһ֪
粻ǵĶԻĻþΪһ˴ڵġ
ڲᣬԽΪţԽ̤ݵл֪ߣ궯ʱ̫֮尲侲ˡ
廮鵽Լ𽥵أϦĹӳϵĻʧˡ
ۣûڣлָ˳Ŀ˳˳һʲȥ˰ŵôôµģҪʹô磬ô֡
е㡣
㡭㡭л֪ڴԣտȵ÷죬㲻ô˵
û⣺Ϊʲô
ҵɳˣⲻǸöԳ˵ġ
塣俴꣬ɿܱ˯ʱܴϡ
л֪
Ҳҵǰѽָ˵ؿڣĺƵģл֪ǻ͵һ£ħָ⣬ȻΪʲô


29 ɵ
ⳡ붨ھԴɵڽÿƼ, ֻʮ֮
ΪλչеʿУʮʱ⣬ҴҵָһɲǶѡҲûйԥ, ΪĿһȤȤǺǻЩӲʿ, Ժпȱǧꡣ
ʮպ, ħķʻԴɵ, ͬ, 磬ϵȥʱϢѾݵ˵Ķ
˵Դͬɴĳڣʱ˵΢ĿO@, ⶯еȡ
䵹ûʲôԴĻþʧ, л֪ʶʱضܱһ˵ĻþסԶǡǡ, һ, ʲô¶ǲԤϵġ
֮ľһ鶼д, л֪Թ֮⣬ʲôҲˡ
һҪҰ𣿡лֱ֪΢ֲڵӴļ򡢼ιǣ·Щϸδ˿ڣļһȦ, £ϣֲһ
Ǹ˵𣿡һ¾룬ҪǲвȡĻǸʦ־ʦŵ峹׳ˡл, ӵɾͻһˡ
л֪ܾã㲻Ϊ
ȷ̹ȻֻǺܾûвȺˣСӰߡ
л֪ϵ̬ѾʱЧ仹żô
л̾˵֪֪ʱܻʹ
ôνش𣬡ǰɲô˵˵ĺȤ
ѧĿ
л֪һ£˳֮´ڼĦһ΢Ĵʵ̫Ӧǰ޷⣬ȻѾ˵ĸо
佫һʵл֪̫ܣĵһ¶Էĵۣڵɫ·ܸӵ͹ִۣһҲֻܼϷᡣ
ƽϵ壬ĺ󾱻ָͣļϣȻǰ
Ҫᡣ˵²Ҳôɣ
е㾪ؿƺ˵ֻл֪ѿڶ֮ҲĬһ£ŤͷҪʲô¶û
ƫƫش𣺡ҵġ
л֪ǡ
һССİϷѡ׵ʵ޷סǸΪĴʿֻҪᵯָͿԽ󷽿Ϣ̵ڶϣĶȾ΢΢죬񣬱˵һֱۣҪҵġ
л֪΢簤̫ڼĶؿʼһѴһ۾Ͷϵ֦Ҷ˻ӣһͻᱻճɻҽ
һܣˣû湻ҪԴɵˡ
ĻԽϷһν磬Χ𽷢һ⻪һ顣
֮ھ޷ˣǱǲ顢Ѷ롰ʢᡱʿС
ĸ֪ƺ˺ܶࡣ˼صʶûУֻҪоŨȺӿֳλá
һ˵һӵĺۼϸȥӺ󷽻סͷ˲л֪գ˵Ϊ鶾𣿡
ħ壬㶼֪ô
ѽʵҲûءҲ֪ħͲˡļϹħ弸ִۣ˫һṹԭȨʱ򣬸ǿһβѶԷѪܴ͸עȥһܱܵܵĹƻ󣬲ſʼ̡ΪӦںʱڣֻԱ𡣡
лֱ֪סˣ£ָյҵԭͣ԰ɣǾϹħıòħǼʧսɱ¾ǿڸܽ/ʱǶΡ
л֪Ժһ˲ħĻ棬յȼиȫ̵ĹǼף𣬾;쳣ؽţʶؾһϢ
ΣħǸطǲºͣд̺;ݡҵҲС
׼ȷ˵Ե/ֳ/Ӳʹǽں͵̣ŮԵڲϸܵĶ̴̾ݡ
л֪ʲôʲôط
ĴԶ·һ£ʼ󲻳Ǹ档
Ϊħ己ʵ̫ˣԲŻǸͨ˵֪Ҷж˰ɣֻβһ㡣
л֪ðز
оһĪĿ־壬Ŀǰ̬ȻºͣȷһĻþʧأԼ𡭡ǽҲδܵ˰ɣֲһֱ㡢ѣһǸ棬ͺµθʹһִҵľθС
鵹ûʲô仯¿۵л֪ĲϡԴܾ֮öûװԼĹɳˡᣬ̫ĥ𵽺ǣĽžµӡ
ᣬԭֻһԴֲڵĴСȷӰúأܹоκζĦƶ΢ǣչݵĸܡ
ӣչȥĶͷǺܽš
л֪۾µԳĲ֪۵ġ
ŵˣ𣿡ܿʶЦЦԹԣģҿɲŪС
ϾĿǰľ״ûһ£һʵĸס
л֪촽һ£վû˵ʲô˼ӿһ뵽ľȻǣûгԹԽĿǰоҪܸиӡۣҲδزԸ⡣
֪ʱǸΪ²ѹ֪ĽѾȫʧˡл֪ӵУ顢߸ϣ籧һЩݵĿģΪʵ㲻ס
͸߶ȣƵ¥֮䡣ɵ֮ϣʿƮ죬¥ʱǰɽľ޴ӰӰ·İУƾճһռ϶һ˴϶̤
һۣڣ£һʱ͸ס죬˶
ŽӭŮݹ١֪ʦܽںδŮչ˵Ŀɻ𣿡
ϵһͣЪɲǡ
ɨһ·Ⱥʿ޴ӰЦһԭΪλ룬û뵽ɾͼߣôҷ𣿡
ɵÿµĹ޼һöͼȫչʱܽصһֶɾУΪͼһ֡
Ůð䣬ʣˡϵлʦܰΣλǰ˸ɣлʦܹѣŮ¶档
𣿡ʦ˵ܹ㡣
һδ˶ɫֱ䣬̲ס뵽ѱʦšתͶħͷµϢ
ʦܣ¶Уһľᣬһ̿ռ֮ƾɾͼһƽһɨһɴ
ʱ䣬ŵʶֹɴֿ֮ʱɨڣʱкܶȻѣз׷׸ֳԵͷ
۾
Ůħͷɶл֤࣬ô
л֪Ϊסˣѵŵ˵ֻǸҥԡ
Ҳ̫ˡƮƮص𣿡
ħٿһɨͬһɫΧһȦʶ˻ȥɫſѪڣڰ˻һ
ڣʶ̽ķײ뵤һŨѪ˲ʺͿڱǣŻԴɵ˲徻ˡ
ｫڵһ˿ѪʻȥҲӰðʧŮϯ
ʻ֪࣬ʱ¥еֵڳһ˲ȻһƽϤ
ʦֶҲã˵ʦ֡


30 ι
ͣ¥֮, 뿪Ϣһþ޴¡
Ϊħ··ļ϶У޵ع۲ʦܡλʦӰĵѾȻͬ, ˫ۣƺѾĿӣ㱣סʵԵǡڵŵĮƵʿ, ȴߣл֪㻹ţҲɣ
ﰴճȥĦɽƽǰȥȡ뷨Ѿ¶ĿģΪ, ֮ʦܿҪһ㣬Ͼʿɱ衣
¥֮ڣϢԴ
ⳡϯĿ, Ͻ, ͯÿɴħ
л֪࣬ȻƷԴɵļľˮ뱭յ, һֺˮ, Ϊʦ־׼, ҪҪһ£
л֪ҲȾơ
ξƲմ
ס
俴ߺȻú, е̽ƵĴչȥҼǵ㡭
ǵõĿɲҡл֪һŲһ㣬䲻ȵص
绹Ҫ˵ʲôɴ㱻΢紵, ѵŮ޳Ųͬ׵ļ룬Ƿ²ƷΪⳡϯ̤뿰龳ʶһһ֣·Ů
û뵽Ļһ˵ֱۺ۽϶׺ϸۣܵĽǡĺᣬǻһλ龳ǰҲû뵽ľ֮ˣȴΪĸ֮
ƤһЦЦܣŮѾˡ
ŮǧǰСΨһһѪͳ߲ʵȴڸȺ۵ҲǴ˵׽㡣
ܵʱȻСҲԼǵöСΪױָȾħǱ뺣ҹս߶֮ǰ˵պҪʲôܼȴΪ²Ƶ£ȥֵиˣħ𡣡
֧򥣬˵ȥ
ǰЩʱյѪաѩԼħֽ״ˡȻˣαؾһٵأ
ãӦôأ
һ£˵ǺȻסƺ֯һõ˵ߵһʿȴǰ벽ΪͷصѣҲǰ벽컯վṳ̂컯صĴ󾳽統У֣ѵƷ꽣һӡ
ŭɫֵ˱ơ
ƺȫһʱġ¶¶԰δ۵Ľ޷âʺôһ˿񣺡Ǳж꣬ȵþһǲ֪ǽΪҲ֪ǾʲôƣҪ˵ֻҪӡȥ͹ˣȻҲܡ
ƳһϵϢ֮壬л֪ʲôˣ
ѩǰл֪ǽ֮Ψһˡ뿰֮
Ŀ갡ظ̾
δ䣬æѩ˻ȥѵûӦң´ӳô
ѩЦҪһɱ޹Ѫծ۵ħ壬ôӦҪҷӡԷΪҪ˵ɴǿĻҲǿħѹԴȪģαɱҲöġ
޷̸ɴŮǰһסѩѣΪϾ̫٣ûо龰ŮǰΪ˵ħսͣҲǰ̸һ̸ΪĴ¡
˵ġ
ѾˡǸѩ֮⣬˶ϷƭĲޡ
Ҫһڿ龳սǰеĽսԼȻŻҪˣ̻޿ʼ̸УҪܺ䣬Щ˾ͻ̷һӵϣ۸ʲôۣҲὫ·ӡ
ûȥֹл֪ϸϣһս룬л֪ס޿κεؿ󼸺塣
ֱۣлȻľˮ˰ڣȥմʪĴ
л֪⧲һڣӦؿ˼ļ΢Ǻ˳˰ˡֳҲ
Ѿûˡỹϧϰɣ˵ʱȥ磬ÿɴ˿Ǽţūһһ󻶣ǻ᲻ŭڡһӵϣ
Ҫɱ˲𣿡ʡ
ɲģΪͷΪͷЦصѩô˵Ҳ֪֪ݣôһԽΪĿĽޣҪǼתȻˣˣҲȰסˡ
л֪ȷǲ˵ģָս̶ɿغһȶһι㡭ô
ûش⿪Էл֪־ǱơҪСĵشܾǰ뱭лü˫ҺȾþˮڿУȻ
ܸол֪¶պ£ܸоΪѺ̡üһɫӡ庮䡢ǧ֮⣬Ϊȴ¯/ū/졣
л֪̽ĴĴֹɬӲͷƤǿԼƺʱض㿪ΪǿضɹȥһƣûбľˮŴǻһԵʪۡ
ס򥣬Ѵǵĺۼ˵뵽𣿡
뵽ʲôѹúܵͣ䲼ù磬ҲɱزܻᱻĿ־塣
Ҿòᡣǿ϶֪Щ˰ٰƵĺ磬ǧټƵϷҿҲһֶû/ǵŵӡתҪǴȥңŶǽ塣
л֪ص͡
úãֻ㡣ȵص
ٴȣл֪Ҳܲ˵ˡҪ뿪ԷĻȴְŲϣһ˰ڲľżѵؿſҡܿġ
ɴôͿˡֶӵصлһûι꣬ܵ𣿡
ס΢΢ܿ˪׵ļϸֳǳĺɫ˵Ϊ軹ŭ˪Ƶϣܳġɫ飬̺/ܣǵϾƲֵġ
һԶذʹ÷ҲӲܵǰлȷʵ̫һ
л֪ĺᶯ˶ܼѵؽʺ˲ʵľҺζȥűյֺһڣĥĥؿȥĴ档
ڴ˿̣·ȻͣˡѩױŭһƬҲУҲΪնһƬ죬Ҳù˸ħͷţ
˵գһ貵Ľɳǰ㴩˲Ϣɴ
ɴƮȻ׹£硣
ʯһְ̣л֪ڻתͷȥͫﵹӳĽӰԽԽ漴ĹӼιǺ޴Χľư¯ۻסǵ貵Ľֻڹһǳǳİ׺ۡ
ĹһƬǽչ
һƬš˵Ŀ⴩ɴĻС
ڶݵġϢĳĬУѩһ̣Ȼŭʲô֪°Ҳˣ㾹Ȼ˱ﵽ׶Щʲô
ĥһ£ػظת֪һ䲢Ĵǰ
ָл֪ա
޲ôӷٳľһǧš˽Ľޡ߶˼䣬Ц˵ҵֻ/ܲ
˵仰ʱĿƽؿл֪һ˿Ҳûзָˡ
⻰Ȼ󲨣ѩĶ͹ӡ˽޷ӰһķУڱıԵԸֵҲŭǼ衢ôյĽ£˼˷
ܶšüëŭ⣬Ůںҧ󣡡
泹ʧˣɲǼ䣬ϯĸšʿ󣬶һ׭Ӱֶ𣬸Ѫϵ׭һ޶
һķħ󸲸סԴɵĺģȫƳһרӡѹķϵػѹУõɻ伱ס¥εУһֱûпڵһλ龳ŮԳһõŮڰиֶҶع⻪ĺˮӿ˳
Ǹϻź쳾ȫ෴һ֣֮Ϊת
бһǰɣ˵أ
л֪ܲܡ
ɱǲǣѵġýָҾͷ˼ɻ䣬ʲôȻ˵ұ㣬ҪƤ
л֪ҧԸġûбҡ
ǺðʱȻ¸ԹԣιһյɡιյƣҾ飬ֻץɱպźúãҾͰǷΪųҹĶ£ŵ.շת
л֪ס죬ܵص䡭
Ը⣿ҿɶˡ


31 
л֪ץס,ͳĬһϢҪ
һơ
̵УѩĽ޷ľת,ڷħȫ֮ǰ,ûжʵԵ˺һƵı,Ľɵ˿ʣ
ڸ飬˵ĶԻйʿв,˸ŭɶЩȻ˼,ҲͲס˵ˤڵȥ
һλʿлӣ㲻鵽زҪħˣ
˷˸˸͡л֪ǲͬ,ǽħԭ͵ˣʵ̫˽ʵ˵,ƴһл֪ĹһĻᣬʵ΢΢
ֻЩͷơߵξƲմԾҺζų,лüһֱûչ˫Ĵմʪ,ǰ,̽ƵĴչ
ĿӣʶҲħӿķΧбѹˡûа취лֻ֪СĵѰĴ,һִֻļ򣬺òײŴĴǣͨιһյơ
͸Ͻ֯ռȫζ˽ӴʱоһĿƵľС
ûгδ׽סĴ꣬ĻҧӡӣȴϧƵ£˵֪
˶ԷĿϡ
л֪Ӧħٻ֮両ֱֳһ࣬˳޳ָ£סؾĽ
֪ԽĵǾ˯ѣĺҹлָ˲ƥеķâ
ħĽɨȥѩӰһ˲ȻһּɢεУһɷǳµɱѩѹ
ڷħ֮ʣİɴ֮΢紵ɴ¶䵥ִתͷĿ⡣Ŀλ޵ײɲǣṲ̊յС
ϯҰԽԽٵսԺ
ô̵öĤеʹ̶ִ켸ߡὣһɨһ˿ԼѪɫѩ֮ײķӰȻһ죬⻪ȥ
ѩڿѣ˺һƬѪѪϡ𣬾Ȼнѵŵصͷ֪ħ޿ײ϶
ѣ
ܺһֱϵգһӦӰȻץסѩļ򣬽ϳ˲ལַΧǵƣ͸¥¥л
֧ŵľתԽԽңλ޵ĿıӰе磬սݱɷı֮
ǡڴʱħ׭ȫзӡ֮ӡĸڰУԴɵȡһգľήȡе׭һ˷ס飬һ׭ɵļ롣
ħ롣ѩס˵Ļڣͷ³һѪı֮翳ˣԼһʹü鴤Ԫ𶯡
亹ʣס𣿡
õİ취ˡܵǽùķħֻҪܿһУж󷨵ʱʿ䣬ѡ
һ˵һ߽ѩ˵һߣδͣڽɫ׭ʩһ֮
˵ĿԽŵעսһˣȴδսȥǽǸһƬǽ塢ֻʣһɴϯУл֪ǰ
ǽ
չһɾͼḡգЮŨл֪ϸֱ棬Ҳ֪˭Լǰ̾˿ʦ֡
лʦܡû뵽裬ǰū衣һʦպصҲвٷԷЩʱħܵĥ
л֪Ĭιʱ⿪ˣϲչĺۡ
Ŀɨһۣ¶Ҳ̵ܲҺòײ뵽λ龳ǰ֣ٺͰǰһѰҳԴɵΪƷ󷨣ǿҲñ·ӡʦôأѾˡ
л֪ô𣿡
˵ǰ벿֣ġ
ȴˣΪΪԼ硣¶Цݣ˭ҲҪһţħŮһ/ţǸߡģʦֻΪġ
л֪İ취ɱңһƷ˵Ҳôҵݶ˵ȷжд̣ʱŽʦ֣ƿŵûô˳
ﴽߵЦ󣬵Ҫ־͹Ϊ˰ɡ
˵ţɾͼȻתͼϱųһֱšл֪δܣһָڵľʱΪıڤ̫֮𣬽ǰ
ָ֣Ӵһһɢ̫֮塣л֪صĲңǰѽʦ֣ħ뿪˽ʡãʱ򡣡
ꡣ
һɶĺӣı˷ÿһΡ桢Ĵһ·ӵϣͬɾͼֺסһ˲ϸֳһ˪
һӰ
ţ¹
ڱӵʱһߵĽɫ׭ְľ޴룬Ҳͬһһһ޴ѷӷ֮ϱð˺ƵġѲ֮
ǵ󷨲ûд
ʹڣûеڶλ벽컯ΪӡʿţȡԼͷѪΪѹȼϡ
һ̣һִֻ϶ָħӿǽѩ׵ĹǴ̣ȻǹǼװСۡһؽӡ˺ѣ޴ġյ˫
ħΪһɫ벽컯ľȻȫ·ʱⶼסһɲǣѹصΪͣתԴϢ˴ʱѩŷԺеġ뼶֮һ֮ңжôס
ͻƵ龳ӿ鵽컯ֻͽ
ıûʲô仯һǼΪѪɺ죬һȴīС˼һ̣ûٸҵǹƥ󲿷ֵ˿ʼҡţʼ¶ûڿ־塢ߵ顣
ûܶ컯֮ǣأ⣬˸еһļ¿־
֣ץѩĲ
ֿסʺǵƽƽص֪ΪʲôҵܷŽѹԴȪ
ѩ˵ĺֻܷĲ
Ϊǣ̫ˡ˵
ɿ֣սǿĶ޾͵£ǱĴ
ǰֵ˵֪ĽŲȹѩֱߵǰޱصħĴв֮࣬⣬ֻ㻹Ůʱ˵Ӧòӡҡ
ܶæ㵱ꡭꡭ
󷨵Ȼӡġڵħָޱ߿ຣƣħ;ʵΪħԵģŮУΪ粻Ҫȫħʧȥǡܳս
ֻʧȥ֮һж޷أȻһǿ󷨣ҲȲˡ
ûȥ棬д̽ܵ󣬴󵽱۰򣬸ȥϵۡ
ԷһͷƤĲҽУȻ֧ŲסʹֺȣһˣƬͷϵĽǣȫմŰ߰Ѫ
İѪˣһϢʣ
ջؽУ૵ŮңҲԭҵġ
ǰδߵŮǰԷѾɫ԰סͫ׷ˡʿ컯֮ѹ͡緲ˡ
ͣˡ˲ѪĽû˵һ仰޵ͶҽƵģ㡢Ӧлˣ˵ɱǵģ
Цһ£ϳ嵭Цݣ˾ţ־岻ѡţǵȻúûš

ڽӵѻźţԴɵ֮˸ʱɾһĵ֮ϣһŨѪζ
ľήݲͬء
һﵽɤۣŮɱۣӲʹʱɷֲҡ
յƺħľսؽƬնһ¥صѪһɨŵĽǧʿϵѪԳһשʯЩ˾ȻţֻǵȫǲƵģ鶼ܶĿܣѪ
ŮĿ
⻭ʵֲ̫ˣ춼ѵ˿ĭҪѰʾл÷ɳߣ͵͵˵ˡ
Ӳһ˲תͷȥһĲɴģؼŮл֪ڻβͲȣֲ֪ʲôط
лסҪҶȻļϣش𣿡ˣû˵Ҫˡ
ĳЦΪһЩֵþȵ˼ӱֺңҪ˵ʱһΪжˣȻ룬лôܱ漸Σǽȳ


32 Ƽ
˰, Щϸѹֵʧתǰ
֮, ŷĺأ߹ǡ߻һ, ǽδı˪װڵػΪ¶飬ǽڵ·һܡ
ЩȻ֫, 뿴óѪĿֻ֫ȫȴֻô, ֫ǣſɹݵ˿ߣĿϷһ
һɵĵ۵½ŵ, ƺǱס, ȵŮʱ, ˳ֽ˿ܣһڵϡ
תߣɫ糣䡣
Ļл, л֪е͵͵شָļ, ָս߬΢ʪĺۼƫͷ˲Ŀ·ƺĳ
˵, ʣǻŷӡô
žϵ졢೤ϣڶ౻˴ɢ, ԴɵϻΪжĿܡԪˣôܻ˵Ŷ䶯֣
Ȼҡʱãһٿսѹ֮ڣ֮
ȴûôˡ
ħ࣬ʮħ黹֮Ѿǽ
룬ͷ˵˼ʲôԷĽǶȣֻܼл֪޳߬½ǣƺеż
Цһ̧۷Ը˵Щ˹ؽħħУĶνǡˡ
Ӧǡ

Դɵ֮±󣬸ʿĻ̡̻֪ӳȥԿ֮̽йעⳡʢ硱һյϸڣԭԭ˳ȥ֣ڸ쳾ǧֵ֮ʿ֪ģְֺޡֺµλá
ԵʵҲܼ򵥣Ůѹ֣Ȼ˸ݶ£ץߵ˵УҲּɣֳƿ졣
ʮպ󣬷ڤۺסݺĳǳء
ͬеĲֹл֪ŮᡢԼûвԴɵ¼񡱵Ҳṩġ
ֻ˿̣ŲԵøӳ࣬ĿԽԽľսҪֻʣ¶ݵļأҲԸߣһͷ֪ʲôʱᷢຨ˯ֻлԵֹˮ
£ÿƲʱ䣬ҪаϷ˼Ϊ飬һлϵĲֻˣ̵þ͡
һдҩһ洫ʲôˮ齻ڡʲôںϡĻƤıһһڵī̧һɨϵīȫգͷʼ
֮ڣһۺѣŽӲӵıˡٸ죬ϸҪְл֪ļһΣȴԷÿָ̲סôƤôлӣȻѾⲽأ㶼Լˣɴ˾ȵסͷ͵ˡ
л֪˺ܾ裬ʲôۡķĻң֣˵ˣЩۣһЩ֧Ĳ档
վǵʿһ𶼱ˣҳƬƽҲֻǰȲѡԾܾġ
̾˿Ȼ͸ˣȴģԼҪô̻ܽ
лȻ信㣬ɺǸľͷһҪļ֡Ҫô/Ů
޿κΣͲŮˣʧȥȤҪҲû취˵ϻЩӲдʿΣڵϦ磬˭һأ
л֪ü嶯һ£ǳĬȻգġ
ô֪ʡ
Ϊл֪˵Զһ£뿴ġ
еû
л֪Ҳ̸͡ļ϶һϤĽŲתδڣವŮƵĿ˹ȥСĵסֱۣصŮˡ۲ۣҪҪҸ磿ѽ
䴹յһߺ˿ڲ裬һֱ߽۳˻޶Եصȳȥ
һۣջ֣ǰԹؿŮһۣһϰƵĬĬ˳ȥ
л֪ߣһ仰ûʲôѧϰչǵҸѾҵ˲ĵص㣬Ʋʱ䣬ٹվȡá
ڤۺ֮ǳصˡۺĹ޽£λ£ȴϵӡ
Ϊһǵķȡڤеǧ޳ɣ㻯Ϊĸʱһյƣ֮͡
ʱл֪֪£ֻǵ˵ϵĶӻ١
ое㺬ɳӰζò֤ݡ
ֻҪգеҪ̫࣬л֪˿Ҳһܹסǵϣǲ˵
û˵꣬佫һֽݵǲǾܴħĵġѰһ֮ǷɻɣЩ±Ҫ˽öࡣд
л֪չֽţûʶָּ
񡭡ڤĳ𡭡Ѫ֮ġл֪˳ּĬÿһǿмеĵرǲɻʵ㣬֮δشյ롣ָȻһ¡
л֪ĬһϢȻʶ̽˳
ԴӴֺ֮ʶΪ֮ǰܹˣȻһʱ䣬ִԷѵʹļ£ʶػᱣԼߵʶкܼѵĸо
л֪ʶɢһֻε۾עΧȻҲ䵽ֽϣǰּȫһģһֱָŵֽϷбʻ͹ĦĺۼĨȥīȥտҲʲôûС
ôˣע⵽ųʶ
յħĵĻƣϾ͵ֻΪֹôл֪ʡ
ȻΪʶû壬Ԫ⣬סͷ۸һ£Ȼôʣ
ûʲôл֪ջʶȷʲô֪Ȼűֽ۵ŽУа취ͺáа취ͺá

ۺҹǡ
ıУһɫ԰ףڷԼֻʮòʿڸϣһɫƵĳسۣһ켡
ڤ֮ۺۣ
ǰһдŲϵֽһģһΨһǣֽŵĩβһϡ
£һųͷĹޣĻƵƮ̳ĵƿûʲôԣҲΪŮºã룬ѾˣתʲôϵأȻһŮΪȡ
ǾǡһŸͷĹ޴ֻ۾ϷֲתʥŮ谮͡ģ䲻ҪôŮԥȲ߸µúãʱĲϼ룬ٶ֡
ֻ̧֣Լĸͷ˸ĨӵĶͷһƳˣŮ˲裬Ҳᡢ뿪ˡ
޵̫࣬е͡һͷĹ̰ߣĵ£Ůĸġ˵ҲΪ˴˺ۣĻеڶ߽ߵĽǣƵĵƼܣ
һֳֻ°ͣһֱַ·һֶûȥֱǰ𣬱ĵƿȼգŻ˻֣ޱصԶ㡣
ֻСȻһе㴧Ħ͸Ĳµ˼ظŤһɨһȾĵ̺һִֻߣڽ˼ʱ˵
˸ˣƿеĵ棬ָһ仯һһŮеıӰһɨһ
ĸǷݣڹؼʱȥĩβּϵֽǲδĵģдһݲϡ
һ߽ǣ˻ŵʱڡ


33 
ڤӡ
ڤӵǧˮĲлꡣڷ۵ں,ˮ棬лȻδʵûҪԸ
л֪࣬ȷʵû,,Ѿ˶Ͻݽù졢,Ҳδǿʲô,עȫƵĲϵС
ǲѾ˼ѰҹżоɵģǧǰѰһð취ֻǧ֮һãϣ,ҲȥԵġ
ֻϧ컯ŪˣʱҴ
л֪ƽħԳ,ҪǳʲôǱڤ̫֮,ɰһ
̧ͷɫͫ,л֪ͣפƬ̣ĸˣ㡭
Ϣȷʵ̫й,в궼׷,Ϊ˲Ӱ,ħ,ڤԶ,̧ͷءšһ
ֿл֪һۣû˵ʲô,һͷɵ鴮ͣԴ˼ʱ䡣
ڤžһƬһ̡̡ʱȥҰڤʷһĲʺɫΣֱͨʵڤӾͷϼȾ͸ĺˮӿ
ˣ
ˮһسˢһɲΣڹݺɢ֮ʱڤ֮ˮȼһ˳¡һȴȥзֿء
λ걻ȼ̡
ĺлУһĨĿĻ측ֳӳʺ죬ǰֱִѸٵһǼסųѩ׷Ĵ̡
ħұ۷л浱УǲȻŹǼףһ̵죬ڹȼ
ıһյƣõĵоܽǰϣл֪ȴ̧˼䷨䡣
ʱ䣬轵һԴ𣬱ڤ̫ĺӣ㽫лıԵסƴ
תͷƵĵΪ˵ģĸķΪ
л֪Ƿӡ֪ĽƣԴɵ֮ǰѽصߣҵķӡҲͽˡ
һ£һͣ
л֪ûлش𣬵µӰȴʵŨǧǵۺ֮⳹ǡ
ǾˮлñᣬֻǱˮн˵꣬ͼǲˮл𣬻½ǣǼϵĻ綳סˡ
۽һ飬ĵǰæ𣿹Ǽղģô/
Ȼע⵽һֱ۹Ǽϵı˪ûͷҲ֪˭ɵġҡͷЦһżеĴｫ˳һŲܵ**档
ųĻӣĵرڤ֮ˮʱĺˮȻһ٣ӿмӿ˹
ˮӿٶȼ죬ȫܡ޴˳ûˣε۳С
л֪ʶǰֱȴסˡǻûϿɵıؾ׶Ρѵû˵ǡԵߵ֮һеõп顣
л֪˵һ£˦֣ҡ
ɫҲȥһƵģǲǶʲôл֪ҸΪŮΪǸʲôƨΪ˭ת
л֪˿ۣʲô仯ܰҸֿҸлл㡣
µ˶ֵÿû˰㵱ҵ常š
л֪ôֲ˾ںء
һҭһɱ⡣ͷϵϸػζ΢Ĺ߷ָϵô
صغһԼӲ
㶼װġл֪Ȼ˵ǰֹɣ˵Ҳܵ塣ȻóֻҪﲻǰƢ͡
ʲô¡ʲô̹ܽܽң˵лҵ̬ȣҲǸ¡նԶɣ
л֪鲻䣬˵е̫֮תʱҵ̫ãᱻһƤΡ˭ܶҪԼ˺ɫأ
ͫ΢͵شһһϸĵǰסл֪죬ɫĵĲô
֮£·𶼱ⶳᣬֳǧŤӣɲǡ
ھҪȡ𣿡л֪ʣҪǹˣ߹ǼûڸɾϰſڵҵĹͷҪôͣ
粻ؿɿ֣ɵĵɢȥ֪Σҿţߣĸˣеǰ취ܣĹͷڳ
ûҪߡл֪һ˵һһ죬Ĩƽúܺãǲø
ؿһ˲Ĵҡ
ʵǸܿƵˡлָ֪ĶûСֻб۸ͷϣǷ˲Ż֡ﲻϲΪǿߣҪƳɲϣħĵƣ϶ɵġ
¶Ȼ飬ûס̧л֪Ķͷ
ϵģĽһ㺮÷顣˴꣬ȻҵһƤĻΪѪٵš
вɡ߳ŭصĸôʲô£Լ˭ʶãƾʲô˵ô˽
ԷһҲûûԼ˭ֻл֪
ɨһۣȻиʵϵתûͣȻ粻ǻ۷壬ս񶥼ķ첻£ĵ׵ɱ⣬ָһûб˵Ǽ٣ҪǸҸĸˡ

ڤ֮ڡ
оԼһˮڤӵˮһ壬ͷʹÿҪ˺ѿʹ֮£ӵֻʣеĻҫ
ģģʱǰһȼյ
һµ۵Ӱָ֣޳ǽȳƣľ֦
𽥿͵طһľʹͷһɨϿ˸󶴣Ѫɫıסˣĸ첲Ҳţͷûϣûãһֶֻˡ
硣Էִٵػһ߷ıûãǿħ壬ҲҪٻһҩ
俴˿
ʲôʱˡֻĵʮ꣬ΪסȪԴͷ˵ˣڹָñطꡣ
ȸɣƣ糾͡˻Ϻ󣬾΢Ϣһ£˳Ȫһҹ
Լʱ˵ʲôԿտյ£ȴȻؽһ䣺Ҿһ
ܺã˼ˣǻ䣬Ʋˡ
̾˿ûʲô취Ƶġֻı˵忿һǹ죬ǰŲϱŻǵ
ȪûôҪ˵ôԼ˳
иʿȾˡ˷͸һģиߵȼֹһݸʴΣա
ŮǶܵ㡣ͬԼսħȫħӰǣԺҲӰСû˶ٵĻԼǲϧ
ұħۣЦŵ㲻𣿽¡
ָ
ڤ̫֮壬ִһȻıúץסԷڶͷϣá
ĶͷûջȥĽǡĽǺڵ׽ƣƯһƷһͷħǸ
䡰˻һۣ㡪
ϴθ˵£㻹ǵ𣿡
ʲô£עˣħȱݣŮڤ˵ļƻ졭
еǼ¡ϵ
Ŷ룬ǵĹҿħ尡
õġҹҲ߲ˣԿɡ
һ˵һ£β͡ĹβһһζߣĻȥǲ⻬
ô˷һ㣿
˼˰Σ̹ϵҲħ䣬ҲŸճûá
Ҳûָ˵ָ̧֣ĹβͣǰȻѾβʹϳƽͷ ĹǷ졣
βһ˲Ȼۻֱ
һ䣬һĹβġǹ³ĹʪյҺӹǷȥεϡ
ָ֣ѩ׵۵´ϣȻͷչȥ۽ǣ֪Ҫô𣿡
ʶرۣʲô
Ķĺƺ޿κε̾˿ֳ̾޵ᡣ
ɡ˵ҽ㡭ôҵ塣


34 ֪
ӽǵ, ֻʱʱģϵȼţҹ졢Ȱס
Ķϻص, Ǳˮ͸, һʪ˵޻, ·ʱܴһˮʹĲݶִٵֹͣĺڣüȴ˵, ûϵ, ٱҰɡ
ݡ
ûʱ, Ļú΢߻һδȫȥĵ¡, ϵҴҴ
Ļ, ΢ĶŪ, ۿ
˲, ۽ǻЩ졣ļ, ˵, ûֵȥ, ĽǱڷڵˮһ, Ѿ֧ŲԼ
Сĵ㡣ĸ첲±ԼϣȻβͳŵϵ˿ںۡ
Ӳһ˲ܿųĺ
˭±Ūأȫ壬ѩ覵ϽҺۺۡ, һ룬βƳ࣬Լָӡһ£˵ҪҪҽһ£
ְסֱˡ
Ľͷ£һ£޽ٵǰ·һ±˳Ⱦ˫͸һƬӰ
俴ϵ˺ۡ
·ֱǸ¡һΪȻüͷ壬΢һҲû˵վ
䡢ĮһȾı֮£һߺۼܲ/޵塣ŴֱΪֲĹº
˵̽ؿڣҪ˰ɣȻã˵ú
һۣɳƵĺ㲻ϲ𣿡
һ£ʲôĻĵΪʲôϲ㣿ʿУҵġ
ĵظһ飬ЦһȻƤ˶ѣܿͺˡʵҲ̫֪࣬ҵѣŻһ˵İ취磬֪Լʲô
֪仰û˵꣬ͼ߹ȥڵϵ壬˵еѣס˶Էɾ´ϣҪʲô£Ǿ֪ͨңһκôʹҵˣн
ӣһ˫鶯ҵͫһȻ̧סգչȥͷۣǶŹ
䣺
ֵûҽ㣬ӵġ
ŶӦһҪ㲻ڡ
±ûʲôȤ԰ɡֱӵƣȻУ߻ħҪûʮְգΪáҡҲ᲻ڵģԶ뿪ߡ
ȥҵġ
ٸߵΪ˭ܱ֤һ첻վһ䣿Ҳ޷˵׼죬ٺõ֪ܹһ·Ҳ͹ˡ
ûлشֻ΢Цؿ
𣬻佥ˡ
μʱлö񡣵ȴȻڵڤ֮ף޹⣬ΧӿĺˮƵĻ顣
ǰһŵİ½Сӣҭβŵˮ⣬ôĴˡ
þڸСֽ糵ΪǻþԾںӵҲֽմʪ鵭ģ˷糵һǣشû֣Ҳһֱڿ㡣ڤ֮ˮܹ˵Ļ䣬ûˮлΪǣԶڻ䵱εô
ѣѵĿʱ򡣡̵
ȴü̧ۿôҵˡ
ôԼˣ㡣
һֽ糵ŵСǰϸעڵҾԺ뷨ҵġ磬ôʱָļ䣬ΪʲôȫæѰҲϣһҹѣ׺һ㣬ҲŪ˵ġ
ûشһƹȥ˫ִļϣϢھߣʣһ᲻ðңѵǶҵĺ޸Ҫ룬ҰôãԼѪӡùǣа֮Ϊ顭Ǿ֮ˡ
һƤתתǷžǲԼǻþûŪ㣬űôŵġ
ɿֱ֣ͣߣôشأ㲻ϳϣܿó
쬵Ƴһۣɱô⣿
ȴҡͷסĲüڱ˴˶ϣ˵ɱҲҪġһֻħʵûôġֻԥ㿪ʼ޹ˣʲô֪ʲôǵá㲻ΪԼˣ֮ǵҡ
סĺָڶԷĲʺֱָۣϸֳŭֻ˷ǳݵһ˲ܿ־иſ
סԣ˿һԵС˹ֽеúܿĿ⿴䡣
ޱؿûиСӡսħһڤ֮ˮʱܱӿӺӵ뿪صϡ
˿̣ڤʵϼѾȫʧº˸ħ׸
ħ˻ϵ棬ŷĵȡһƽУо˽ȥ͵ظдϽơ
ˡл֪ϣӰҲɢ
ϵĺδȫʧͷһڣǒʲôСƵģһĺ󾱣һֵͷͷȻص㻹ǵǱץôõĻᣬܣ
л֪Ҫڣĵصҿأܲˡ
л֪һ£㻹ǵﻹץŶ𣿡
䳤һüΪǰ
л֪˵Ȼ
Ļ˵һ룬ȻͣסˣƺӦʲôһƬҺڵäӽͻȻһƹִĿİסһ½޳ǰĸܵУ
оˣתͷȥ
ֻСĻþ
һ£㡭
£л֪ڵ
䳹סˣͷƤһ˲е㷢飬ȻתѶڵϷӡеĲָڤ֮ϣʲô㿴õ𣿡
һͷˮؿʲôҲûа
žذ£ͷл֪ûʣȵ̫ˣҾ֪һܸоҡ
⻰ȻǶ˵ģ
л֪Ҳã磬ѯҪʲôǰ𣿡
ûشüл֪ĶͷƵظøһ˵
ġҲֻܿҶѡ
˵òΪʲôܿΪʲôͻȻŭصȻҵĻþʵʵؼشǶҪ͹طһˣ
Ĭؿ
л֪ǿԼԹǵӰֱס䣬ߣΧı֮ٶءº͵˵侲һ㡭侲һ㣬ûµģȥֻҪ㲻룬ܿͻʧˡ
ֻο˵ǣл֪ҲþǷ
ӵ֮Уȷʵ𽥰ˣл֪ļͷƽ࣬˺ðΣعסл֪Ƶ˵һ䣺Ƕ˵
л֪˵áãҲ˵
Ƭ̣̲סЦЦ˵ôô
ûȫ侲ͻȻɴл֪˸ӡҧˣȻɿֱ֣ޱŮ£Цңˡ


35 
õ֮, һżֵĻþһ˫˷ݵġ
ֻʱ򣬽Ҳûи˼, ĳ䣬ֽ糵, л֪ƺСӷ, ֻܸоĴڣ˵ǸС, һҲ
ǴʱΪ˵, ԳƵһͻˡ
õ, ԰漴, صžɵд˳Ҫ, ǣѾ, ŮҪִ֡, Դ󾪣ſ棬ؿ, /, ſһӲŮߴˡ
ǣǰڤʱֻл֪Ͳ
ڤ֮أһоųɵʱ䶼ڷѩԵĵزס£صȺֵʱ
մѩԺ֦ѹˡСͷ, Բģ񼸸ѩ׷֣ѩﱻϳһȦĺۼ
л֪һĴ멣ķӣǰһСҩ֧򥣬溢ͯͻȼգʱҪϨˡ
㲻ͷһѻȥл֪˵Ļǻ֮ƣһˣñ˭
濴ˣ˰ΣŰɵţֽ񻹺𣿡
Ϲӡл֪赭дص
ףл۾Ǻõģôʲôû
л֪ƽ˵㽡
㡪̽צӣл֪Ŀԣְĸ֪ջˣΪ⣬磬һצȥܸ
ӣʿȻܰԼôಡ
һԼֱһʱĸĽʸŸɥصҪѽʲôΪĸ˾ܶˣ
л֪СƬ̣˵ҡѾǸغ˰ɡ
һҭˣӲҲƼܡ
лִֵ̧֪ءꡱһȻָָ¥ϣ˵ѻˡСı
ѻĶĿһ仰ŮĶﴫ
ҧͷл֪һۣΣؿ򱱷ȴĽϼ⡣
𡣡
Ҫ
̫䣬¯Ҫˡл֪صﲻҰҩ𣿡
÷

¥ϣ΢Ĵߡ
𴫵Ϣѻͣļϣƫͷ˲䣬Ȼһ£һ߿ڵЭ飬ĸ峤Ҳͬ⹲εķ콫诽£ҴŮĺá
ָѻڷëǱء
Ǹӡǯ֮󣬵вٵ޵л£ԾȳлΪΡزָ⣬ȥþûˣǳ󰡡
˵ġĲɵص˵л֪ô
ѻһ£ĵʲô⣿ĥһ»ش𣺡лȻԣֻҪȡõŮҲмֵˡϹˣϧ
ϧظһ飬˵۾𣿡
ѻסųǰҪ۾κ𣿡
Ҳ뿴ʲôġ૵Ǹ̶۵ĽޣǾĽĽ𡣡
ѻĵʲôⲻһ
棬ȴ˵⻰ϾŮľ״һ˵˱ȣħû˰ӹﳭ϶ƵѲŮҪʲôζѻ
˵ħƻ֮ǺѸԭġѻ޲ߵĻֻܿǰٻˡٻϷȵУеҽ࣬ȴ̽á
һѻǵӣȻͶܳɱˡĵص
ɲհѻһ
֪Ҿ˵˵ѻȥ䲻䣬ҡ
ѻչȥ
ŸСͷİ½̧ͷһۣƽƽصҪԶһ𣿡
Ƥëϣתöӣôһ䣬صֱʧû뿴㡣
ԺһֱҲһֱֵġԼʱ򣬻ǲɱҡ
һûֻתӵĶ÷ࡣ
ѻ¥Ϸȥͣ˸ǰһðŰлǰ¯ӣҡڵлֱ֪ϣ½ǣŮ䲻䣬ȥ
ƽ䡢ϴˣһԼءֻȻ͹ˮѻȴȶѻһȦչи߰룬ݡл֪һվ󶼱ѹڷϡ
л֪˿ֱ֪ѹˣǣʲôԵʣһ£̬º͵ػظãҲ䡣ﻹ˵ʲô𣿡
ѻҲû˵ʲôôˣǷ²ҿŮĳ
ͦԺġ
ҿħӡϽȥ˵
⻹иԺġ
л֪ѻͷȻϹֲģǵͷҰëŪˣŮء
лֱ֪ĵϥϣʾȥɣҸɡ
л֪һϵĴ££¥ȥľƵ¥Ŷ΢֨
ſţһл֪ÿǣȻ˵ҪǲںԹ۵ĻҲֹǵġ׼ȷ˵ֹ
¡
ܸоԷоֹ
ֻԺһþ㿴ʱʱʱ̶̿Ųҡңءɲܶʲôֻܸ˵˵ˣ㲻ңҲû˵һ䲻˵ģ磬ﲻҲ֪𣿡
洫ӵϵࡣײѹܣ׶ٵرӰ쵽ԼŲ㣿ԣҷŲʱôǧСôſڸϴǰַŲ£Ҳֵ㵱ɵĽ𣿡
Ҫҹ㡣һ£ȻЦЦǲǺܼ򵥵ʮɽ֮ұ㰲οǱˣˣҰ£ұš
һӡ
տڲԣסСĶ䡣Сȴ̧ͷŸɵգգˮ۾
ͣºл֪ӵһǲ¶˶һӲıÿɢ˽ȥ
л֪һ߽⿪ϵϵһôˣ̫ģ˵Ự
俴ؽ⿪ǰĴӣʲô¶ǿȲˣְл֪ǰس鿪ϵůȡֹαϡ
лһɫĵɫƵңԶɽ塣䱡ɰ׺׵İơָȥƹֱ۵ᡣ
л֪Ϣһͣʶطס֣Ȼûаסǽָ뼡֮䣬ҪǲôҲûŰɣСӶͦϲģҪ֪л˽ʵģ
ĶرˣʱһЩҪĵطͱĴԵر˻л֪װγԼֲڵὫļĥˡ
ôл֪֣뵽һֶס⿪ۡ
۵ڣҸ˵ҵĺӲģҡ
л֪סؿϣ˵ĥˡ
֮£м΢͹ĺۼŲϣǡѥɦ
һ£߲ŶԷȻл֪۾ⲻʲôֻܿĴһԷĶ䡣
̫ͣˣл֪񾭱ͬʾĶ̫Ľŷ͵Ըӣ΢΢ƿ֣Ȼָڣһ£ǿԼ侲ˣʵ
Ҹ⿪俪ڡ
ֱƹ򿪻ᣬ׹佫лӵ뻳У˲䣬˵ÿ죬û۸㡣
л֪̾Ϣʲôʱû۸ң
ǹĪˡл֪գҧһڡ
һߣ̧ͷһۣסС۾
СָָɨһۣɵСôˡﲻϲǶô
صҵתһӶϲġ
СŶһȻɵ㲻һֱҪ𣿶𣿡
³һޱصСһԹϱ˵ӻûκãŴô죬


36 Ϸ
Ļþһγֵʱ̫ˡ
ڤĲ֮, СĻþûʧȻʱǳĬģΪ˱ŭ䣬Ҳл֪˵ʲô˹ǴС, ÿʱÿ̶ܵһǿҵעӸС
һ㣬л֪ܸܵø
, ֻʱʱĴգǶһֿɰĳһȻû¡
Ǽ¿־д档һȴûµĽ䶯, ֱԴĦ̬ȵúǼ尾ǰûʲô룬ƣĳ̶ֳϱĻ, ӶĻϣǣűѺʿ
մѩ, ûټڤչ⡣
ĩβҹ, δ֮ʣС
·δؿһƬ𪼡ӴȻ͵ġΪĿԼû̫, һϵͷ, һ߷Ըȥ
ǡ
δ䣬һĬĽͻȻͣ˽С֣Ťͷס
Ľл֪
л֪˽һۣҲϵشȡ֪ħ䡣
ֽ̧ӽ, ˰ѽл֪סָΪʵѹ̫֮µõǿҴ߷ֱԴؿһۣлƽ̹ȻԼ𣿡
ҵǲ¡˵
Ҫˣץѡ緭׶ĹУˡ˶ˣʵ̫ϸµĿǣĲ¾Ϊá
ȴ񾭽ŵض
Ҫ㡣л֪û˸¯ӣ䡣
۾˵ϹһԵĺòһŰѵ߷ЩһֱΰĸĹڤۺĲ£ڸ˰ҩ¯ӣӡ̫֮壬㻹䣬Լ͹ˣ
ðһӻ𣬸û뵽Ȼл֪Ĳԣôȥɡ
ȡʱı˪Ȼһ̶Ͻ˻գֱڹǼڻĸоеоԼᱻע
л֪΢һס
˲Ϣ⣬ӳ統еı뿪ԽԽǹкϼȾ͸ʣ⼫֮ص鶼ðͷ˵ǻҡĹϼ⡣
ϼ֮µıڤѩɽϣһҷɫβѩɽɣΧ¶Ѿ͵޷͵ĵزЩϼĶڲ֪нӲȥ˲Ϣǡͻơ
ͣѩɽԵϢԷһֻûгʱݾߡ˿ıӰĸһһרעɽ㴫л֪䣿ѵ䣿Ȼƭˣ
ó⺢ʮҧгݡ
л֪˵ûƭ
¯ӣԹأŻҪץšһѣûƮһ䣺ط̫֮壬ĵҲ̫ˡ
֮أԪ񶼺ױöᡢȻķѡ
ֽڰУַ߷ߵ˻ȥ
βѩɽ˰ΣԼ˰ʱ䣬ɽһ͸У귢Юź̡
ֻǴ񡭡ŵڶֻķ૵
ֻдӦĽɹסԷڱڤݷ߰꣬ڵ񵰣ֻ֪Ѩ﾿мֻ
ûͷͷҲ֪˭˵ġǸӰεĻþĺ֪
֪ʲôʱֵģһϮ˳Ⱦİ¡
ܵ񽫵л֪뵽
˶٣л֪һۣ˵ϵÿһϼйأϵϡЩƷֲп¡ϾɱΪ˴Уһѵ֮󣬾ͻǻУǰڤĴʿЩʿġ
л֪Ĭ꣺Ǹҽ͵𣿡
ȻǸС˵ӮˣͻὫԼĵָʿԪԼöԷԼĺƽʿڲ˺ʹϵѪҺëˣѶԶ˵/塢ԪȫԵ
ʵƺطҪǵϷ򡣡
ǰ̾ҪӵĻҲֻܰѵٵˡΪ˷ܶƶؾֻһǿԣǹڡ
ˡ
ѩɽۣ֮һֻʳβҵϼ⣬⻪ӳֻڰתһ־£ƺѾʶĵ
һ̷ųϢ
ǵصħ͸䵱Уڱסɽ۵ϼ⡣ѩɽУɽƽ̹һ鷽̨£ͬѩɽֻǰΡ
ħݣʧԶӭΪһŮӣһɴһѪճڱڤʱ֪ŮһҪ
İΪһλɾĶŵˣ
ûһ˿ȫ쳾֮еһѰ¡ֻڱڤѩأԵЩ
ֻϧڤѩ俴Ȼܼµǳѩˡ
ǰָħϵϵϵۣ̿棬䰫˰ͷͫǴɫŮؼǷޣӦ֪ǵĶԼʲôɣ
ޱؿԪ顣֪
л֪˵Ľ̸ͻȻ˵һ䣺ôã
ʲô
·ֲֻ
л֪һ£˵棬ҸǱ־ΪáܹǸңҲܡ

л֪˵öԣ֪Ļˡ
һͷһ˼Ȼ˿ҲһԲƷϷڼŮʱѾΪ鲻Ϊȫ׼Ƿ˶ĵôܲʹأ
Ůˣͽشһ飬ʵҲû׶Ϊħʵ̫ǿԷˣҪȥԪҲֱͨСе𣬡ɱԼĻþģǷ޷ٿأҡ
Ŀл֪Ͳǻһ£˵⿼ܻΧҲȦȥ
䣬վⷽƽ̨ȥɽʯı󣬱漫Ϊ⻬ͬһ޴ľӣǽѩɽɽĺһ澵Ƶġ
䣬ĿĹڵΧȻǰʧΧһԭ͵ѩϣܺظоһֻþ
ͷһۣûл͸ϵľ̵۾ְס۵ĳüе㲻
ְл֪ס۾ͬʱ͸ڳһĽɫ֡
ȻֿȴֱӳԺߵһĵ˼ǣڲĺδãֻ棬̸Ūٻɻҡұߵһǣ˼飬˴֮ԣá
мһʾдǣת˴
мĲ֣ĸһת̣תĽɫ֣ת̱ľӵУֳһ΢΢ģӣħƣǱľ顣
ħݣʧԶӭ˵˸һĻϷǱڤ׵лһĻðգţر档ܼ򵥣ֻҪ
˶٣ӱģ˺ö࣬ȻӾֳ︡̽ͷת̣ת̿˺þã鶼ת̣΢΢Ť˵ô˵Ĵðգ
䣺
л֪
ڽ̵СŮ֮ҲҪעִ̧ͷָָԼʣҲ棿
䣺
лֲ֪ǻˡ
龪ֵؿһͷܽµ¶գСĵʣڸ˭˵þеˣ


37 
Ȼû, ӲͷƤ˿顣
ӸתϿգһھ, дĵת̿ʼת, ָҲŻת˫صתָͣ, ָķ
Ůˡ¶ǳı, ѡ˵滰ת̵ָȥأ
ڶϷϤ£ָȥ⼸Ե÷ǳΣգǰߵ淨ȫ
û˼̫ã˵滰
ѡתҲʼٶȣͣ£ָغһݱ˳Уγһܿöݵ⡣
, ˭ȴĴأ˵Է͸롣
䣺
ǿ⾵ǲе̫ˡΪԷԼʲôħ֮Ķ
л֪, Ҫųʶ¸һ, Ｘŵ׽͸Ц⡣
л֪ĬһɲסݵΡȴڣ㡭
˽л֪ҡҲ֪
, Ҳжٴξ顣, ңԺĻþ㷢ʲô, ΪҲ֪𣿡
ֱˡл֪ۣ£Ѳ˾ÿ¡
㣬ĴܲƺһЩʵĻ
ע⵽˵Żشûзл֪˵ʲôԿһ£ɴֱӵصʲôƭ˰͸ðһͱ
˵ʱûתͷȥڵ߻򳰷½һߵ΢Цһ
شʱתϷľ¶ǳ㵺ͰԵı飬ɴ˫ۣھＤشȥ¶ͷô˵ĸȾţšұŵģô
𾪵òѻ˵׵ϣҺעмʱɲ֪ķĿɳ˻ȥģֵֻ״ش˴֣˾ȰһΪлԺյħ彫ءȻǽ𣡰һϮµĸ֮Ūһˬħ
һԼŪࣿ
л֪ĬĬ˭Ū˭
šš󣬹֮žը졣С͵ԼͷҧˣæתĿ꣬˷ܵؿһ֡
һתָͣл֪ǰڸͬĿǣҲѡ˵滰
л֪£ָ󷽵תҲʼ١תͣºЩĿʼ飬ſתϿ˳ʣԲ֮ҹطʱ򣬶ôأ
һ£طʲôβĶ
ӵ۹ɨл֪֪Բ֮ҹᶾط£䣺ע˶ٶȥ
û١ʶش
л֪ĬƬ̣Ķе㷢̣һ֡Ϊعܡ뷨Դ֪ڡԴɵȡ֮Ķÿ¶һ쿪ʼ궯ջֻ궯¹յҹ˵/ĥҲΪˡ
ܸоغܿβ룬εõࡣл֪Ҳ֪ǲԵģҲס񫡣
л΢ֹ˺üΣͲ̫˵ѣοôһ˵ѵĳϣЩ޷̹еΪżֱͻ߳ߣһ뵽ԱϸţЩ˵
ҲΪѣأϷģԪ飬һеⶼǴ굱ͶģΨһȤ̳Щš
л֪֯һԣɻǾÿһֶݡԵȻСҶ˵Ҹ
һ£Ȼءšһĸ֪Уֺе㷢߬ס֣
嵭˪΢΢ٵϢϡл֪еÿһֶǱˮݹʪ
·ͻȻҲֻΡ˵Ҳø㣬ÿֻߡġ
䲻Ծ¿ˮ
ֶһҪζУҾͣ·Լ˵ˡ
˵Ҳˡ
л֪߬ס֣ȻֲսƵģڣصԲ𡭡
ôŬԼԭ򣬵ЩʱǻᱻȲѵݻ١л֪ĺܶԭֻ֧һҡҡ׹棬ܣڲأС֣ȫһˡ
л֪ú׷ԴģʶصǸòԼѰԭ򣬼ʵĴ
ְл֪ڻȻסĶ䣬СӼ򵥸һ顣
գգۣҪ룬ͼޱ顢ɭصǿҾͰˡ
һ/޵ĳȥˡ
Сӱùɰɿ֣ĺ󾱣ңһġ
ץָԽ߬ԽҲðģûа취
һһ߷סıû˵㣬ôô
л֪˵ͬ£
⻰ǲǰҲȥˡգ÷졣
л֪ҧۿɼ߳ܵԱգصĺڸǲյ÷ļ
ʱ򲻿޿ϧˣѵôᡣü۵Ҳ̫༵ޣζеֵֹġСϣûһӱ£Ҫ˵䣬ʲôҲûСӲݣ֪𣿡
СˮĴ۾С֪ˣҪʣҾ˵û벻ûиﶼȥһ
һ䲻üӡ
ŶСͷǵûиȥ𣿡
ȥ
⸸Ůû˵仰ͷת¿ʼתָ뻹ָͳӣһ
鿴ſһ˵ĵطϵı鼫侫ʡڱҴܣɽĺ涼תһ飬Ҳûֵ˵ټ
⡭ʲô˼СӲал֪شžֿתָ̣ͺƵģָһյء
鿴ײֱһ䣬һþŽŽɵͣ£Ƭյʣλѡһ淨
䣬ܻƵظо˵ľ񲡴ȾԼˡôܸһƬ˵ֱвĵ
һָ룬ðա
л֪¡
䣺Ҳǲǣ
СһͷɵôŶ
糣صҶˣʲôõĵġҪҸʲô
ת٣һָͣ档
Сӷ˼ذչȥת̿˿ϳֵĶ˳ðݣѡһ岿λĶºۼ޶ɣ
ŤͷþҿѯŮ£þŮ޶ôֻ׵Ļ
̾˿˵еġԡֻһл֪һˡ
С𾪵ؿл
л֪Ǹ棬Щܲ˵ƫͷˣҸʲô˭ѡĿ˭
˭һǿ㵱Լˡ
˭Լˣ


38 ֽ
ûҪ, ֻƲĥһɷʽ
ߵǰ
ϵСȥСɵĵͷתڵԼ
翴һ۸ıӰǸС, ǰͲܹ˼һ㳡ô
ɲС, ǰ˵ֻ׽һ㣬ںһ¡
ǰǰϰǡĮ࣬ǰ, һԳйĺ֪, ˽, Ҳ, üϡǵشĽǣ˵, ʲôõģһΪʰоֵġ
˵ֻǺֽսƺֻǸЩδ˵, ʧȥħĺƺſʼȾɱ¾ζֺ½Ҳ͸޹֮˵Ѫ
硭
͸ü֮䡣˵ǰûлΪ촷۵Ļ, Ӧкܶطĺۼ
䶢Ȳصġ
Ǳûʲôתء˵, Ҷκ˶ֶжԷɵɡ֪һָʴ߻ʲôģΣա
ҲֻΣ, ʲôûзѾȥֹֻ˺ߵÿһˡ, /רϡ㡣
ְαϣͷ£һһͫۡ
̾˿ָգ磬Լ
߬ס󣬰ְԷϥϡ䲻Ը̸£ΪԼĻþڹǧУεر۾ӸǰոһյرۡΪһȶĽִ£˭ҲϺˣڻþУ֪ϴ
Ӳҡһˡ
ӣ¶һº͵顣ʣϤ𣿡
ֽ⿪⣬ժ塣и½ĲȻȻط壬¶ڼ㱣صĲϡһ˿µǶڸǵʵʵǰĳ/㣬κεĹҰ
뾡취ڸǵĲϵȴһֱ̹ΪЩɫﲻɱһ֣֮á
סָ֣Ŀڡ뵽ֻͶûûм
ָ֮䣬ֻʣһƤ⡣
ɣʲôۼԡ˵Ҳ²£ʲôأ룬ȼѪӡӦһűɵġήࡣҪڳ㲻Ǿ˵͸ҵô
ҡҪ뿴Ļڳˣò顣
أ
Ŀһ
ᵽʱø˷һ㡣˵磬ֻҵתֻծӦûúܸˡš
һ˿ںƺߴϡͷȥħļָ״̽ؿڼϸһʺѪѪһðմָ⡢
ü岻üûбʱ򣬾翴пᡣ
ָ
ָûСѪ⵱У㱡Ƥ޵ֻ࣬Ҫһ߹ǡ͸ţվûôֻǽʹڼз֮䣬ȲƽϢҲẨǡ
Щ׵ļһȫһ尾ļз
Ķǳ˵亹ߵ飬ĿٳٶûƿȵѪ͸İ£˵ְɡ
ʣҪ󣿡
ǿ󡣡˵
乴һ´ǣЦȴûг۾ŲָĿ˰̣ڵڶʳʱ֪ûԼġ
̾һǿ鼡̣˺ۣȫûпԼȥдʲôҲûκһ߼ǡǡ෴˺öۣһ˿ߣȫ
֣ȴ£סġϵѪϸµ˿񸲸ǹָϣѾɵεδѪȾ͸һ䱻һѪİõ塣
俴˿ɾָתͷСӣ㲻һˣ
ת̿˰죬ʵҡͷ
ֻֹȻǲеġ俴һл֪
лԶԶԹọ̈̄ûȥ˵ĶԻΪµѾ߰ӡŤתһӣҪϵвı׼Ļ˵һøء
ֻҪ΢Ӧһ£ͿԸо˴˿̵顣˵лӦ㲻ǱǰǺޣĽأЩܸ֪ʹֻҪлӦܴлС
л֪˺ʹ
ⱻǰǣĿʱл֪ʶԼָǱȶϵ
ȻѾˣʹ
󻹺ãһֽˡл֪о𽥽ӽϢ̲ס˰벽벽û߳ȥͱסָ
ƹȥӺ󷽰סǺܳõģӻߵơڻȦסһֻë޵èСӣòѹǽӽβĺһ
ѡǡ
ؿڡشֹסл֪򥣬ϵĴҧһ£ȻǳȻصϣһСƤĥĥֻܽˡ
ĺȺģֱе㻽ڵĶˡл֪е޴룬ֶ֪÷ֻðջصŵġ
ţЦЦὨҪǼǳĻҲѡðշ࣬˳Ҳǣ
𲢲Ϊѡлֿ֪̾ʼˡ
ûظ⿪лڣرڻ
ڼԶһߵͷ˿ڣһ䲻صõ˵ܱܲ˵
СҲԸġ
ϵѪ̧ͷŸޱص㵽˭Ů
Сչȥס̵֣Ц˵ҵȻǸɵĺŮҪǡ
ͳ÷ǣҿǿıֽֽû꣬Сϣߴߴصã̡ϧﶼסˣɶҲ
ֽһ˺롣
غһ£ȻιС䵭԰ɣ˵ˡ
Сǿ飬Լɵ͵͵ͷ۾ֱסˣ󣬹֮ǰҲûأô⡣ҪɸСģҲתһˣͲܴһ㡪
׶Ǹ˭ѧģ޿̡
С˵ˣŸɵɫͷװԣʱʱɿһ߿һۣȶֹǼˣ㼵ʲι̣˯

Сϣֹͷ磬㻹ұŵ㺢ӣ㿴Լںô˴ʼͲ֪ʲô˵۹⣡
⻰Сϧרע£û塣л֪ϵָ΢΢һļ΢Σ˵
ù


39 
֮еתϷ, л֪ѡĻ֮෴ģǲѡðյ
ƺĲתϻдʲôּ, С˵ģ˶ˣܱôҪأ˺ֽĶʧ̬֮, ڽϷ, ԼƵ档
ڤձϷйþŴ֮, ת̵ָ벦ŪˣľҲ¶, ˾, þ֮
ּˡ
¼ĵһӦȻδоʧ˿££, 丩һ, ǵĺӣиŮˡ
ûжܣһ
ǱҲָֹ򣬡񱾾ϡ, ޲Чһʿ࿹⣿֣Ҳʵ޿κ֮١ǱһģŮ, ֪һԳС
һ˵һ˫һ΢΢һĦ, һùù⵱иֳһŰɫ·ĵ
öĵϸ͹·״ͬһֻ׵񣬵ǲ󣬴Կֻһȭͷô
ô񣬴ͽݸл֪
ۣǷ򸾷Ƶ͸ˣ⺢ӲԸ뿪ҸɾҲġĸΪ֮Զˣһ׵ġ˵л̫֮壬Ȼ׾٣Ͱиˡ
лָ֪½󣬽ĿһſŵϵΪŵϷ̫֣е㾪֮ƵûعϢŽӹĵ
Բĵϻ˻ΣȻ󰲷ֵ
俴һҲô
ֻǺ˳һʣ򸾵ɫȴ͵һ䣬񵱼סֱۣġ˵˵ȰŮˣͱݶˣΪС¸ʲô
΢΢üһĵƵһƣҰ
ɫһ죬תͷڨڨصôء
һڣޱصŶǲңһˣѵܱһĸԣҲ
˵תͷл֪ŵȻСķڻ۾ţҲ¶һƽº͵Ĺذ֮顣
ǰѡҲš˻ȥͷŷˣĿ˵۹֮áߵĻ·ϼֻϵˮﶼܾܲһȡ
ŮûĹԷʮָжؿ
˸ָڱڤѩɽĲԶһͳУǡ
Ż£һֻյӰסѩɽɵϼ⣬ŽɫëڹâӳǿʢĹ⣬һֻ޴ѻӸߴ£˽ӵϣǰһζڿշ
Ů˸
ӱڤѩɽ⴫ȥӵĴѩ죬͸Ŀ硣
˺ܾúܾãʧıӰزһ۽ǵᣬߵɾסӣıѻ뿪Ӱ૵ڡ

;Уѻıϡ
ҪѻûùڹĽĲ²㱻ǡ򥶢л֪ͷżලһ飬ûʲô쳣ŤͷŲŲλãĸ
ûע⵽Ķл֪ѻ˵
Ҫȸҿڣһ֪ı¡˵
ѻЦСѣѵƽΪֻһֻ˵˻ɣ
л֪ĦһѻʵأΪħһֻѧ˻Ϣˡ
ǿЦˡû˵ħսʱȡѻսġп϶Եʣýź룬Ҳ֪ѻ򵥡
ȡ𣿡ѻʡ
л֪𣺡һ
ѻһ£˺þòû׿Ůɫֻ˵һˣô𣿳ôף¶㣿
л֪ƽ͵صͷҲôãʣãħ֮ڣ˭ʺ£
Ժ䡢诵˵ӣֶԱһ¡粻ֲᡱȱΪնлһʱϣǽɡ
һ
ѻʼҲŮֵĻᣬɲҪŹɱħﻹôܣСʦֶ໴ǣء
ƽл֪һʱģ˳ʵʦֶ
İɣСżûз²Ψһһܶġ
л֪Ƿµǣȴ̲ס̾Ħһµǵ·Ȼоһ£ꡣ
л
չ˵ַֻ
л֪ʣʲôô֪
ɨһۣ˵ʲôأħҲòãûӣһûӣ
л֪һеŮˣԼֲǣñԼҲɾ裺ǰ˼ǣ
ץס񵰣⵰СһﱻϢһȾʱסˣһҲڱڤ˵Ȼһ¸ʺ
ֱ۴һ໷л֪Ȼѵϵûõ´⿪Էü΢ؿһ£Ӻһ͵͵ƺ˵֣˻ȥ
񵰣鿪ᣬֻڵСϡȻȥɱϾĽޣһ㱡еԵļ⣬֮ƽ̹һƬ
񵰵ϸ·ΪЩ·Ĵڣ⵰ǱЩֲڡϣȴϸ塣
лָ֪¶һƵģӼʼ/飬¶ʵڹ/ˣرǴϴݶġͺһ˻ǻʹĿأһУ˿ڵļӲǣˮеɳȥл֪ҪһһѪȥֳʹ֮£ܺúõ
ϸ³׹Ϊµ滨
л֪߬ס
ôˡʣŶˣһãǰķŮˣȴֽĹͱһĲֵлǸˣô߷߳ô
ǡ
ֻһŵǧǧúԼĶﳤң֡Сϣл֪¶еˣⶼܲˣ˵ʲôԼҪȥ˵
лַ֪ɣöȣ޿ܵ߬ס˳˦һԣͷϵ·Ĵӡ
㶣ҧ˿˵Ҫˣ

ûó衣һúðġлֻ֪׽Ūң˵ҪǶֶŵġ
Уûµ߰ʲôʱ͵͵һѣԼƵס
㡭
ʵҸող붺ġ͵ҷ㲻̫ӣؿڵò÷ҩҧʱûע⣬ҧˣԲ𡣡
ǵǸΪʲôл֪ס졣һȰԼ綼˵Բˣܸлġһ䲻ðһ䣬ǿЦ˵ģƭת
л򴽣˵ûûϵ
Ŷûϵ̲סЦˣĬʲôһڵԺҪħĻҷ𣿡
л֪ĬãȻ̧ͷе㸴ӵʣ㡭˭ģ


40 ս
䷴ֲú˭
л֪Ĭ
ƺ˾ս, ûǾҪӣһκΪȣл֪ǲԸȥ, άԼķߣһһשʯΧⱻеǵıݡ
ǻԼú侲
ѻɻħϢ˶ԡơԼڴֻҪǧ֮һļʣħͻȥԣο˵ǡкܴܡѾ㹻ħ嵱һսȥԴˡ
ЩҵħȸԾҲﲻæ
˵ỹſ, ƵؾħͷĲҶΪʲôܰ¶Ƕ岻ְ˵˵ҪħҲ, ǸүǶҲܷƫƫǸ񵰣ǵôŮֱӾӸл֪ˣǸˣӶģʲôз𣿡
Ὣд, һԿϵĹ诵ص㶮ܸҵ޸ˡ
һСľ״ŸΡ
ǽỹڵվ, ǸеģˣŮòңֻֻŮƾʲô㰡㲻ҪȻõԴף
诺һְϣ֪֮ŮĴ£˭һһ塣
󻹸żħ壬λֱϵ죬һ˲岻ϻֻ۰Ͱ͵濴
һһ쬵ػ˺˵һصİžһºỹϣѹһŤͷһųĮ
ˣħ軨ôͷϵĽûջأңθߴһǳǳġʲİ̺ۡҸĻ趼޶ͺˣһ߶ȥ
ỹȻˣΣҧÿ֨֨죬͵͵һ£ȹ读һӸˡ
Ѱµ·ħһ߶ȥŸ˵ˣǽȥɡ
Ž˽ȥƺ²һǾʱЯŨŨĺ说Եعһ£ŷӡͷûйͷĺ⣬֪ÿһǺԵķˡħĵȷʵʺϣҪõĸڤһܽ˳
ҪҪֻСһЩһ׳
ЩɢźķȫŽȥ̴֮˳ڣſڵľŻպϣ϶һɴһ˿Ҳ͸ȥˡ
˻֣Ϸѻһ壬צӳش˷ļϣɲͣȣŤͷ
㣬ָָŮû˵Ҫ⹬ãһֱȵ𣿡
ѻͷԺһһ·û˵Ǿ͵չˣʲôѽ˭Ұ벽컯ոʮأ
ĥĥѹ˵йŮıչؼʮꣿӶܴӵꤳˡ
ѻ㿴㣬˼࣬Ů𣿹ǽ˵ǲǣ
ɵ˹诵ļϡ
诵ľͷĿ̵һ£˵ǡ
ѻҭֻõ˼ħ˵岻ȢŵǰɣתŮȻ¶һǰծӵĲַˣҲС
Ħ°ͣ˵Ҳеַ˵ģأ
ǰ죬²ȥˡѻ˵˵ţ͵ʲôȻһӴСżǲͷأ

ڡ
⹬չأʿ˵ԼĶʱաͣҪҪел򡢼УǱͻƣǺܳ¡
ӣ֮ħӡ֣Ѫɫ·ھʹϻת룬ڷһ޴ĺɺһʮĳ󷨣ıʺϷ񵰵Ļ
ɴ㡣
ۣһıùϵ˰Ѿ䣬һǳķۺɫ̺ۡŻһűл֪ԴԴϵѾеˡ
лְر񵰣ڤ̫ϢΧͷƺҲܹȲҲ֣͹ԹԵ
üģ۾ҪˡʵҪ˯ߣ˿̫ãл֪̫˷ɣԹ⣬лѹļ˲䣬Ҫð
֪𣬡ܹ㶼ˣҪǲܷ˷ѣ
䡰šһֲ˲ļл֪ϵˣ˱ĲŤͰ͵ģ¶Ӳͼιǵǿ鼡תÿһƤⶼ˿˿ġ
翴һǰ⡪֪ħҰΪߵĳֱǺϰߡôһļǿеҲû룬ſҧסļ
˻л֪˿һѣֶס˵
û֣ɿеݣϵӡл֪ĻһӶƬˣֹֻתͷ޿κεص㲻ҵġ
ҿΪ룬˵ţȵϢɨˮļϣҪûڣĶطҪô죿Ҫʱάֹת϶ɣ
л֪޷ĸҵغһû
ϵӡչֱ۱л֪ϸ̸ʲôʱʧģע⵽𣿡
л֪ס˶һĺɨ䣬;û/еòˣԾشһһ޷̵⼸ˣԳܡ
ͣ˼ϢŻش𣺡ûСӰȥ١
ҵĻþôӦء䱧˼ѵǰ˴Ĺʲôûע⵽ġ
л֪ûڡѾǰһּ䣬ѱȳһǰİޡǯƣǲܽΪŵԼϣر桱֮
һƵģЩżġƽ񡱣ĺָԼȫһһǰܣɵ£һԸԱ߿ţĺǲ޵һ
л֪ع
ϻķһӲ˿βѾ鶯ؾ˳СȣһƵһڽڵƹϥǡ
л֪һ˵䡣
ţƫͷ֪֣
Ϊ²ħҲֱӽеģôĵӡ
л֪̾ԲŮˡܲܰСβʹÿС
񵰵Աߣָϣܱܲһ˼ʲôͲԾؿʼңҾáܽš
˳µصȻǺҲġ
֣⿪л֪˫۵ĳ۾˫ɫͫ׻ʧãȻģѰҲۣ࣬̽ؿķգ۵ʱ۽޸պɨ۽ǵָ
䶢һ۾κ֮󣬱ڸĻһڵ
л֪ϢƬ̣˵ڸˡ
һϣɰһ
л֪еشһ䣺İ˵ɰĶһӦǰѶԷ˺Ƭȫٵ𣿡
ǰ˵ǿ//顣
л֪Ҫ˳Ļ˵ȥҧԼͷ˺üȻҪҪԼ˵ʲô
˵ͱŲϵ´´ϧŻûմؾͱβס͵ظקȥˡл֪ļϴһɲݿܵѹߡ
леˣģɿʵڴȣԼĽźη壬ŵûԲ
š˻ιββͼ򥵽ĦСˣҵβͳÿɺˡ
ýħ塣
л֪ҪںȻӴغɴһֻСż׾ʹŶ̶̵֫ſڴɴ¶ͷǱʦֶСʦ壡
ƽϲСʦ壬ĺ㰡踺أܱôͬŵӣأɵȻûܿ͸ս
ͷʣʲôս
л֪ĬΣĬĬ˵߷磬ڲ
Ŷ˵ĸһɡ
βʹ˴л֪Ĵ꣬˵
л֪


41 
л֪ץסβ͡
СżԱ, ЩȽӴЩʴӡ䶢ƺĹǺ˼βͼתת, ĩ˹˻, Ħ
лֱ֪ס, ޷ɿ, Щϸ΢سѹβҡҪǺֵĻŵô죿
һ̧, ɴᣱպϣСżһɷ紹, ڵˤ˸Ľų죬ССصһ¡
ҪûĻ, һġʲôǺ֣ˡ
л֪βģ
û˵ϰԵذһϸĽϡǸոл֪ʱֵ, ˻һȽϺã֪ԷܲȥҲ̫Զ
Ǳغһֱһл֪Ȼϰкܸߵ̶ȣײ죬ǲȦĳ衣Ųһ½, ֿסˣеûûصģ޳ָӡڼ, ǳǳĺӡ
Ĭظš
ĽӴƤԷԼʱҲֱĽСصѹĥƵļ, Ƕǡô˺ۣѪĭںڷƵǺȣĥ¡
ǰһġл֪룬ڻʱǵʱʳѹ֮Դʱ򡭡Ǵҵߣעħġ
ˣ޷ȴĳЩʱԹƽ޲ģԹǻ˺ۼڰգһֻܵͶιֱеʳݶ
ָСȡ
ںϸĶϽ֯Ļƣչ·ھȵķɫϣ޵Ѫ˿ڡĴУСϵĻƺ̼ܵһšȻָֽ
俴⻨ƣ˺ܾãȻ˵ڴ߶ڵĹУǰļ䣬𣿡
л֪˵֧飬ȱȫ
Ǹĵ⣬ڻþĿУϻشҡҺ㣬һ֪
ٸ𣿡˵֮Ҳòܻشأ
俴һֱѻꡣҵ⣬㡭ԼĸȽҪ
л֪ǱȻһ£΢ָץô카塣

л֪۾ѾӦʧȥӾһиһʵġҳ֪̽ġõģΨдļܺظָܵ¶ȣôȣָͨ
ͣԣߣֻҪܻشҾͺˣļ䡭ȱһҲûйϵ
л֪Ӧѯʣǽº飬õ𰸣ҪҸ̳һġ
Էգͷ˵㲻ᡣ
֪ΪƶǰδеػǱֶࡣ
л֪֪ǸΪЦǸΪᡣ೤ĺ侲ȴ޷ָڰ͵ļ϶УĴĴСϤģġļһ飬ڴ֮ǰҲǿ/ʽĴꡣ
л֪жĿռ䣬ȴסˡҲûпסĺԣɣȴֺᡭƷᣬ˻һ»õĴ۵Ĺ塣
ſ
л֪ηѣĶһƬָؽڶֳѪŵĵۡڵ֮뿪˵ʲôֱסˣ

ɬǵһǣ͸ɫ۾Եᡣл֪ģϵĻţʲĶҲˣһƬѹȥȡ
ΪɿʣòȡҺ塣ֻββ̲ŸĶҺζԽ˵־ݻ١
л֪˼ˡֿʵܵʺǲ̫Ȼʣ˭ġ
ʣʲô
ôԱˡл֪˵һ룬ͣˣ˭
һ䣺£
˵Ůˡ
̲סЦЦ˵
л֪ȴ˵ǵ˴ʻûСżĴʻࡣȥҲֻ뵽һΡѡ̫ˣ̧첲ס˫ǰĺ΢ƶ
лܸһ𡭡
ѻ˵ȫôô˼ô֪Ҫʲô
β롣һ£ص
ǲʲôöǶ㲻֪𣿡
㵱治֪ôл֪͵͵صҲǶӦԶһ㣬ŭɱңϵԲã±ӵ£±˵
Ӳ˵Ը踺ص֮⣬ҵл㻹ôų뷨
û˹涨˵ӡ
˵öԣҲͬݱ˵ųκʱǡΣǰÿһ˵ĺһֻΨ̲ĵӣûĶˡ
俴һ־βŲע⵽ˣչȥβͣѹƵĿȼħԹβӣץסø첲ѹסβ͵һڡ
ҶˣҸ㵹ˮ
Ҫӹǽڵ֯һƬͣ䶯һͣϵħ˲ƵģڵһһأΧΣյϢ
ͷһл֪ãȻضűŪʪܵĹǷ죬һۺϵĹѩ׼ӲβǱƵþȻ˶¶˱β롣
Ϊ٣ٴŵԼ˼ͷӦˡ䶼һ£˸Ͻβͳβײ֯ͱһ£Ȼſ죬ס˼롣
䣺
ԺհһƬȫסˡ˵ĩܵѹһ⧲ҲħϣܸоּԼͶҺĹܵڽ
һ۵Ķءһ˲䣬Ϊ˽ʵҩļ尾õ˷ǳʹĽȥʱʺƽʹС
俴ȥ
ʡţ
һȻٵسβͣβ⻹¶űľûüȫۺϡл֪ൽĺ󾱵³
л֪űסҡͷ
ǰɡķ˿䣬ҵҲʣ˭ģ֪ʲô˼𣿡
л֪ҡͷ
俪ʼͷʹˡεΪ⣬ʼôһˣⶾʱ򣬾֮ǰٱ࣬Ҳñ׻Ұޡл֪ѵʱλðͷ񵽵ȥ
ɨһɪɪ񵰣һϢһߴʹл֪תһ߿ۺβͣסͷ֣
л֪ͷϣ֣ãȻüֱе޹ؿȻ̧֣Сĵ
ֻ֣ƽظ𣿺ú𣿡
л֪չȥ
лޱصҿǲųȥ
ִչסĲĿл֪ϺһתͷҪ㿪ˣʵʵһ£ͷȻˡ


42 ƿ
䲻ǵһμᡣ
һ̫ͻȻ, ȫûзͷ˲Ϣ䱻ʪˡʶ˵ʱ򣬶Էֻز, һ˳
Ȼһлָֻ֪̲ס߬סϵ, űͱĲץ, ûаȫУļᡣ
䱾ѵһ, ָĳ˶, һʱûְȥ㻹ˡ, Ǵˣ
Слֻҡͷ
һ£۽ǻ, ڵŲȻչȥǡСк, ͱ׵ͨ꣬ƵһȻæס, 
ʲô, ¸
Ҫڣɳƺɤ𡣡
ĬһϢ, ӦԷڻش֮ǰʻ, һ֪ôĸол֪ĺ󾱣˪׵ļ˸ӡ˵ҲҩҺȣοǶҶصĺĵôô󡣡
л֪͵͵˵ܡ
֪, Ҫǻܣαôѵ㡣֣Ұ㡣
л̧֪ͷһۡ
ֻһִӦĶ۾ǿģƻ֮˫徻ŵīȥɫױߴ͸ҡʱΪʹۿ۽ӯһƬˮ
߸ײȻûôɰ̧ȥл֪ϵᣬȥЩۡͷ۽ǣԹԣҸ۾ɡ
л֪ûشۣϢ΢ʪֽʽָ
֮ǰ˵Һúðһ㡭㲻ܾģ԰ɣ
ҡлֻ֪˵һ֡
ȱһβס˽ףĻһ𶯵࣬ϵţ¶޵ɫ̬䵱нƬ̳ͣ׾ٵصߵ˶µı죬ֱۣӸµ
ڵĳһ࣬һͬĩէ仹ķԡ¯ȼ͸㱾ãһУֻһνΪԼԡ
ۣоĽӽ޵ãȻ硢ʧصķݵУԼл֪쳾ɣԼȥġ

˺ܾõƺ
ҪӻľҪˡһ񲡾öԼӺáѾ׵һ̶ˡ
лǿڶ߷ú˺һʱŰѶĥȥڼл֪һֱڶ϶طգҪָй˵ǿŵˣлԼҲܲˡ
ôһӣԲȥˡл֪һγѵʱ򣬸оΧĿʪȴһЩˮ顣
ûطֱ棬ΪӻΣԼڱƵѻƣƶҡɢˡҪ͸оϵĹǼܶȥˣö룬һеʧȥˡ
Ż񵰣ͷĻƣǰ⶯һ˾ˣһֻ˳һķ˿ڱ쬵ص˰
л֪еЪԵķգաšһ־춯صؿȲ͵ɤƵˣֱһʡ
׼õĸˣı㿴ûסĴۡ
˵㣬ңʡ
ܣ˷֡ҪλġѾˣҪȻڻͲһŵһˡ
ȡл֪ʵڲ̫
ɤۣеСû˹ȥϰ뿪ĵ챡⻬ֱϡлִ̧֪½ڶһһ´ǡ
䣺ô֪

ܸܲҿ㣬˵־ãǰӦʾһôҵ֮Ůܲס
Ƕлˣл֪΢Ůˣ㻹ǵ仰治ס
ˣƢǾͦ˼ģ֧뱧һл֪ķ˿һߵ㱧βһ£
л֪ôǵָ΢΢һͣ΢ָֻܿ糣ȺĶƹˤƵģҼǵõģ㲻ѡ
ֵǲǵǰһ͵͵ޣһҪұ㣬ǵҪֲֻС֮ǰ˵Ҫӣ˵ħоݣл˵ʲôأ˵ҲۣûУиӡ
л֪
Ҫţֶһϵص˵˵Ϊʲô̲סһأҪǼʱ³ûôľ
һֶ˵սϵ˭أ˵ЩʱЩʲôлҿСԴǻͷˡ
л̵֪صܲĻԼԼΪ񵰾ҪߣȻϵһ죬͵ͰȦˡ
Ů˲֣߲õɫۼֱ֮ǰڶطһطգһ϶ؿޣҪҵ·Ȼҵ·˸
л֪һ֣û˵еˣ΢֣ڸŻһأ¶һӡӡ
ҲӦõģʵĴ࣬Ľ̵̫ƫˣô̱˵ģǰԵ©©꣬ʱ򻹵ûûصġ
俴࣬ԼҲִ󵨲Ĵͣ²˵ˣ֮䰲һ
л֪񵰣ϵıڤ̽ض˶ö˵ҡ
ûβ˵ϴ˻㡣
ǲǱҹؾˣԼʲôݶˣҵ޵ˡְķңһ͸ɾˣõϴôѵ㻹ϴ
л֪ᡣ
ɨһлıӰȫȫطȻܺ죬Ա¡ĥԺЩˡڤתУƺ̫˷ʩ
Ҫòƿǣ
֪岻÷
ƿôιʣֱиˣҲû䡣Ҫô죿
л֪˵󡣡
䣺ҡ
лû񶨣Цһ˵ҪҵĳǸֿ㣬ǲһ㣿
˵ļ֪֪ԼʲôݣŮºԼ̫ˣְл֪лӹǶ㱻飬Ȼ޻֮Ҫ˵ʲôһġꡱ
ͻȻߵĻͷһ
л֪ĻУֱŵ񵰶չһƣȻԽԽ࣬ԽԽ鵰ǵȥճĤˮҺӵ
䶢ŵĵطһֻʰ쵡ĳչԴԴϵ˳
ؿ䡣
Ҳ
Сȵ÷̵ħ壬ҡˣϢʱħڻֻһл֪һ߿س䡣
л֪˳˿ʣʲôӣ
֧ĥһ´ǣ׼ݵڡ


43 ѻ
һֻ
׺⡢ɫë, ëһڵ飬ɪɪضл֪ĺ䡣
, ķӡͰͲôҪˡ仹û⿪ϵϸжл֪С
·OO@@βĦĶ
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ʣĽչ, һ𣿡
Ķͣһ˲, Ҫ£ҽġ
л֪̾˿, ˵㵽֪֪˼
оʵ, һֹܵĽ, ȡһ˵ļ䡣л֪ʱڳĬ˼һ飬Թʲôأʱ, 龿Լ, һԼ
ϵûлͷ˵Ľ𣿡
л֪ô
Ļ, ǰĽҵġһĽ, һƭ㡢㡢һ˺㣬һҪ㡣ֻһ㣬Ҳᱻƭ
л֪Ĭ
, ͬҲϡҶ̫£֣۾𣬻߱زǧٿ׵塣ûָ£֪̣ңûϵֻԶȥ
Ĳ˵ѡ
ת߻ȥÿʡɫۣһģԹԣҪ˵ΪŰӵģ𣿡
л֪̹ʺͲ޲ߣ̾һҪȥȥɡ
ȴӵļϢڶϣ˵Ҫ̾Ҫ˵滰𣿡
˵
һռ㣬ɻҽء
վ
л֪ϱײ죬о۽ùֱǹɹ̵ϢԶȥ

û˱˽̹ϺͲпᡣϳԵĴ̣ҪȥӵҪеķաǱκ˶ã˱ٺá
֮Ѱٻȵҽл֪ǰ֮һֵͬĻͣһӵ
£תתǣ롱Ĵָл֪˵ΰɡҿ㡣
֪俴βѹжΪС˵ܵءױǷֵҽޣٻʿսսز˲Ͽͨͨƽƽҩ£л֪һûʱģȻӯ˵ˡ
л֪࡭
ҽ޽л֪۵ĳ
ڵĺ󷨺ͷ಼ֻһС󣬼ͳڴ˵ܵĵѹȣҲڰٻʿйơ
ţһԵһӣ䲼壬˵һ̣
ûתͷʵûҲụ̂Ҳµġв
⻰˵ģ
㻹ں
˸ָһոµ̴Ӵ﷨֣ϣȡ
Ƣöˣ̲סл֪һִۣڣӵ۾أ𣿡
ĶûУһֻ۾Ų϶ӡ˵ҽ޴඼壬ᶮôҽ𣿷챻ֱۣϵˣ㿴ô
ǰ˰̵ѫ¡һֶϰ
֣ܿʮֳƵڷһ˾Ȼм֮Ϣ
Цһ£ӣתͷл֪ʼٸô۾κãʰ
ѵ㲻ġʼٸߡƽ͵صŮзڵһ죬ȷʵǼ¡дʱҿûˣô̫ء
һ
һ£ЩûסĺͻȻһ󣬶ֿŷŻʲôһġ
ΪԪˣʶôҷųˡҪ۾õĻ̫ˡ˭ܵ𣿡
ӵָ佩סˣתͷһл֪߼ϵгݵζˣ˵ֻҲ̫ˡ
ţ㶣ʲô
ۣһˡ
ֻһ˼ϣģѾߣ˵Ļʲô˼
ˣ㷳
Ҿûģ
ûģظһ飬ƳһۣҪҶԳóʲôҪܴھлģ֤ÿһе˹
ûܻţҵĴӡ̫ˣȻһԶ಼һЩ
⻹˵һӣϵӸһ£Ȼȵԭλ
⶯л֪ע⵽ˡǰİٻʿæס֣𶯣ۡ
л֪һ˿омϸ뾭Сҽ޵Ůˡǲе㡭
л֪εʵڸҲ֪ô͡
⣬⡣ҽʱ˵ˣԴɵ¶ˡǰٻʵ飬ҽ߸ĸģô˵˾ͲأǲǵɰоģǡҲ֪ǽӴˡ
л֪
ǰҽ޵ϷҸĺΣ˵ŮҪץҽõĻȥлβܵÿ죬Ȼˡ˵һоͽˣȡҽ϶д֢״ġлҸ㿪º͵Ǻõеҩҡ
л֪á
ҽֵˣո˵ʲôţ
л֪ڸԼĻþ˵
ҽ޵ɴ۾ֶе㶶æ̬ôϡһٸңеܲˡ
һߡ
֣˵Ľ̸Ҳ˽֡
Ѿʧȡ֮һӵꡣˮžشڴϣˮɽմʪ
££ڣǸ
û˼ˣֱѹηϣǱҽεĽչһȱ仰ô
֪㲻Ҫ˵õĻͶ˵ˡ
ǰֲġƮƮط̵ʲô˭֪ءǲǵҶٴΰʬɽѪ̳Ҷٴθ˵ӲţվҲָ㱨ңҲû뵽㱳ҡ
һҲȵġŮ㶼ȥȣҲǵߵĲΪұȽҪ
Ҫʲô˵Ҫʲô
ҡȻͣ£»䵽͵㣬һ˼ʲôҲҪ
ưصһҲĻѻˡ
Ĭ
ɱôˣϣɳĵİߵ㡣ȥʱǷֱҶûжɱ㡣ȴͬЩһӡң£˵ģ˵ϳ֮⣬ֻˡ
硭
Խڰݺ̣ĸסָָڣ£˫֮䡣
Ҹл֪˵Ļͽֻϵ˼ҾеģҲֻһֲĥռҰ㵱һҵѣҲֻ
̧Ŀԣָһֻеһ֣ܻΪĹϺҵ
ɿ֣ôԳ֡ô䡣һԿСϣͷһҳ˳Ȼڣ㱧ʱʲô֮⣬𣿡
һ¡
ĻþеûӦ


44 
ûлشʱ, һͻȻһҶŰٻҽż
ǻеѣ, лһ¡
תͷһ, ߹ȥַסл֪ĸסĶͷʣۣ
ǲ, ֻĸãʱʧȥСҽʦæܿͺˡ
л֪ļ򣬰ڻﰴסһС, 궯ѣˣл֪һһ׵ǰȶ, ߵϢ̫Ϥ, Ļ֮, Բ롣
ĬĬɿ߬ס, ̫Ѩ, ⶯Ķסˡ
ǰɫ, ̧ͷ
䶢
л֪۾ܹߵɫͫ΢ز, ͫӳ, ġü, ֻһɲл̷֪ӦԼʧð̽Ŀƿ, ˱εסĵط߸ǿҵ򷴶޷ۣηʹĺ֢δȥ
ٻʿϲЧҾ˵ǰٻȳ̫ϳ֮ҽõġлҸ㿪һҩ֮һ£ηëҲõġ֮ǰûгʲôҩûзӣ
л֪һŵõֽݸҩ
ҽ޽ӹҩһл֪ĻظȻסָ˵˾䣺ҩӡ
Ůûϵл֪˵
ģлָ֪һֻСèצƵģָɵ£һԷĺɳӰЦеص岻ã͵ܷ
л֪һ֣ûܳתһµãǶסˣû취ֻʵʵš
ûʲô󰭡ҽ޵ҩúܺãȻͰٻȲһ·ӡҲֻа˲ˣǾòҽ
ҩϣ˳һ¸ոıյл֪ϣҽ߸ĸģһɴȰȻһ䣬ѹϵ˷ܺͼ
л֪лҩָһ顣ԴϴƵĲ嵥֮һֵϰߣȷ
ոո˵ʲôˣʡ
û˵ʲô
ô
俨һ¿ǣܸܲոԼûʱɣȲ𰸣ⱾѾ㹻л֪ˡлϿûô
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˻ͳСʼǵҽ޵һë৵һͣˣ۾ɴ󣬡þǡǡ£
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ôʡ
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ȥˣָһ棬Ļзɽһֻ͹ˮѻͣļϣһ˿ˮҲûС
һסָָҽޣСٻȸѪڶӣҪȥһˡ÷һ⣬͸л֪ãȥٻȰݷãԴл
ǡѻǵͷȻֵͷСʣǻżٻȵСأҪ𣿡
˫ֽ򥣬״ʵȫȻν˼һ£Ȼתͷл֪˵أ
л֪ͻ𣿡
ѹׯϡ
л֪ʶĿ֮ǰҽ/Ĳ֣ԼĿˮǺһ߿һ˫ְסл֪»ǰٻԼŮɣ⡢֮¡
л֪Ĭһ£ԼִȻк֮¡
ҿûСʵص
л֪
˵ҵѽҿǺܼǳġĳǷֿģֻˡ
ȼϰɡ
üѻ֣ѻ̴ӽŻ״Ĵһհ׵˱ûñʣָ̧д˼ħ׭ģֹҲް
ѻϻش𣺡˻ʹͮʷ
ס˱ѻԴŻôôܡ

л֪֮ܿҪӦܱߵһС
죬Ҳûȥ˴һЩش;֮⣬ֻսۺͼڵڸл֪塣
̡⼸ӵʪ˵ֻ̨˵ϵһյСھ֮⣬¯ٰİҩ¯ӱߣֲֻСôߵСȷ磬Լžǽǡ
Ļ
о֣л֪ûӣ̧ۣ˿һ䣬˵ܹܡ
̣ʲô
л֪վһӣȻְѲڽϵһβקβ洫ϸϸĦɫԽԽȻһȥʱ̲ס㵽װβ͵ʲôã
䣺ԡ٣
л֪üÿҪѴԶյˣڶ̶̵ļ֮䣬Լƽׯԭص˵Ҫ壬Ҫʱһס
˼̫࣬ͷʹȻصָָԴ˵Ҳ֪ͷ۵̫Ǹʲôǵǵûϰٷ֮һ˺֪ôˣǷӣ̫ࡣ
л֪һ£յβͺȻ̧𣬾סһӹǰֱ̧۷ǳ˳رסһڣ۵л֪
˰
䱧ְգϸض۾ô˺һ֮ΪʲôǶҵߡ
л֪ʣҺ𣿡
ҡͷ㿴ҵ񣬸һμҵʱ̫һˡڲϿңҲȷǲҵĴ
ǰΪһ񣬲ܱס˫۾۱˵ı׼ڽϡ
类⻰˸ֲ㶵ؿл֪ǽĿܿϵĽ
㺦¿ҡ˵
л֪Ĭˡ
ָ򥣬ͼѹͽǶȣ˫ޣֻ΢ӴһɲǾִٵ߬Ŀ⡣
Ҳ²£һ£Ϊ𣿡
ǡл̷֪ϣʶ̧ۣٶȽʱͫһ£ֻѪһͫתС
л֪޷ƿߣÿһ綼ӳ۵ס˵ʱʱֵģżᱳҸ˵ٲһ£ǲҿʱ˼ȴ㣬ɵûзĿɳҺ㲻ϲɱˣ֪
ȫԭ򡣡
Ŷ
л֪Ĭһ񡣡
ʲô
ҿᡭл˵һ룬ʵ˵ȥˣסߣȻ󱳶飬صȥҩˡ
һ۷̱һӣˡͷȥ
£Ҳ֪ʲô飬һɫϾͱˣ꣬޳ָ治ס쵽ɫ
Ӵص¼ĸǺħ
˵⻰л֪һӾлǻͨͨһ飬ವֱ壺òǡ
ôܿһôá૵
ַˣ˸ʲôһΪ㿪Ҫ߷磬ˡã޹Ȼǿľͷ
Ҳ̫ÿˡ
򣺡Ҫǻõ㣬ھ㡣
ҩС¯ӣһҩ֭л֪˫ֽӹ˾л˴̵ҩ֭
Ĳܵ𣿡ʵҲ֪ЩҩǰװģΪ硭
ֻ˵ûκʽĴֻҪδӲŮĶ䣬ԻСΪϣҪע⡣
л֪ȵ룬ⱻҵĿɬľɿƵ˼ͣϢšſҪϨ¯𣬵𣿡
סˡ
常һ𣿡л֪ʡ
˵л֪ԴһͺˣҲҪǧꡭ̫ˡ


45 и
񳤵úܺ, ܿʹһʪյĳª̣ëƯβʵСʱл֪ļģ̫֮ߡ
ǸǩԼ, Сٺ, һһҲܱƿص
ͣһ, ǰѪ·ϣл֪ռСĵһöëϸĵ
ٻȵҽԱ߷ܱʼ飬Ϸźüżдֵļ϶̧ͷʣлŮ˵Ĳʲôչ𣿱ڤļɶˣ˵֮ŮɱȡϵĲϣһ졣
нչл֪СԴҪĲˣкܶ𣿡
лԷЦˣ⻰ʵáҪ˵, ǲķ, Ժܶ˵ʵҪġֻһ֡ɱɡԴɵ֮, ˵˭վҪ˸Ů£ΪʲôûУ򲻹ѵռħĻ, ˭ֱ׳˵
±ʣ˴ֽϵī, ٩٩̸֪ŮβǹҲôġа޹, ֻŮҪǺˣܼŽӵؾȺܶˣٲѪյΣա˶˵Թ㣬֪ûС
л֪ķӦƬ̣ŵѣɺã
λٻҽΪģҽ飬һ۴·ɽۿһͷɺã˵Ҳãǧĸףô᲻ãҪ˵áǶܵ㡣
л֪ŵΪɣǰٻȵմми㡣
ģ뽲
л̧֪ڿд˼֣΢׭ĸֶۣ󣬰ѳһ϶һųľ϶ɳл֪渡޾ɫɽӰ
Ĳӵɳɾͼ
л֪ƽģͼΪŽɫֵľϣڷһĨ渡ֳܽӡǡ
ѽͻл֪
Ľһ£⡭㡭ֶ㲻κŮԴתңвУȻ˴ħĵķħ컯ָտɴȵʱȥ˳ִţӴħںãܵȫİ취
л֪ŵѡ
ˡ˰˰Ȧתˣͻ֮вʶ̧ٵĻɫû۸ͬšҲؽҰŮʮλħһССҽʵǿ˵㲻Ů֪
ĻһͣͻȻʶл֪п϶Լ㡣
л֪ص̫ʱͻȥԭԼ˵˼ٻ
Ŀһ۽ϡɫ֪Ƿз˰ٻȣΧѾ౵һ˲ֽӹ˾ᣬģһع֮ǰݷá
л֪лˡ
պþ֮еѰذҽŮҪǰѪǵطΣգ۾ûǱȥˡǸºڷС۹ܲơ
Ҫһȥġл֪Ҫҡ
ſڻȰѪյľ󣬶ʱִͷȰˣֻܵлСġ
л֪ͷ

ٻȵĿģΪѪѪ֮ġܵأڰٻȵĹѵϪǰУƬڵġÿһ붼ƴִѪŵ֡
ѻļϣһֱл֪Сһ񣬼л֪ϳ裬װģϵŮҰҲ޶߰ɣͷǡ
Ƴһۣտʼл֪ôãСĵ㡣
ѻڴӦչವذСץڰաûڰ˼£Ȼͱѻ˸סСſѻıϡ
˳סлָ֪Сռյ󣬵˵Թ߲֮ʧСþһҪң֡
ǰٻṩϢѪ֮ܵһߺ̽ߵʬǣٻȵѡַǿѡģѪ˽磬Է·˺Ͷ룬ַʽһȦ
⣬ٻȰľ޴ɽʯϿšֹСĸ֡
лֱ֪סˣָܵصһ㿴̫þʼͷʹĻͲҪǰˣ㡭
ĸ˶յؿڴĻô찡
һл֪ҪʱֶηѪ֮ģŲˣԱڳ
Ѿͱƣԭɵϵȥ㡣⻹Ҷ˵𣿡
˿СҲĸǣ֡
üҪ˵ʲôл֪ɿͻСһҲԡ
ֻûջأͱסˡޱص˭Сۺ֮ˣһҲԡ
򣺡һΪܹݶ԰ɣ
ƣĥĥл֪Ʈȥһ۵ȻԷһ䡢ȫȻûǸ˼Ƶġ
ûע⵽򵥷л֪İӿִ磬ħûѶðٻȵĽʱʧЧˡ˿磬һƬڵ
λСϪıԵϪˮڹɽʯ֮šȥľԽԽߴĸ͹ڵγһ¡ϰЩϸֳŤֳϲŭֵ
𽥵أϪˮʧˡ
ĶϿʼȻ̤ʵصУܵķˮȫʧˡ֪Ż˽ཻײнÿһĽԼ֪ʵѪ
л֪΢΢սϵĺ֮ŨתЩҲࡣ
ھʹ߶壬Ѫ룬ͻ۵ġ
л֪ȴûͣ¡
Ƭֵķֲ·࣬ЩþҲһˡȸоֻΪĲ֢ȽأױЩҵĻ䡣
л֪޵̸ʲôħܳһʱŶѹƻþһĶֹ߳
һԲ׽ǸΧСص𵴣Ȼ֮ţЩľŴ֦ػζһ£ǰವһ»ιȥҶӼĶ
л֪һЩҶӷĵطһƬ֦紵ֱԭֻеһֱѿһ˿ڣǸոձҶƬ˼Ѫֱʡ
Ųһ٣˵ֻ֡ѾΪֵĻþ濪ʼͷʹˣü߬ס¹ֱϵˣһͺˣЩ֦ҶӦöǻʵҲǡ
ĻͣˣħҺǿҵ˿ڵãһΣֱϵѪȻסˣ˺Χļȴź졣
жԡ
л֪һ£֣㻹򣿡
ŪҵĶûءѾһֶˣҪֲ֪ʲôŪҲжصĻ廹ҪҪˣ
л֪δ˵γ֪ὣһɨǰǧ֦Ҷжϣһȫ׹пһǰĵ·
ôֽһӵգۼţϵĻ͵ǰһģʵѪɫ
л֪ͣˡ
֪ϿտҲͷһۣͲ֪ʲôʱʧˡѪܵ׷¾˴ƤʧǷסġν֮յʱ̣ǻᱻֿǳ¡
俴һ۸ոǣл֪֣̾˿סͻϣشļϣǱþֵҪ졣
Ҫ𣿡
ʡ


46 ҧ
ֻļ, ûҲû¶ȣֻ䵱ӿıϢ, һ㱡˪ڶᡣ
һġ˵㿴, ·, ǰҲһ߹ġ
ĿǰȥŻþļǰİľΪһƬѪɺӵսڡʯ̳, ԴԴֹ϶϶ʬ, ¶ɭ׵Ĺк
ǰȥ, ѪҺմʪ°ڡ
ֻЩͨƽһսۣһ׹ɽɢ֮ءͬǰУ߹ƬѪء
ǳ롣üģԺʹѹס, ôҵл֪Ѫ, 㲻Լתɡ
㲻һԼˡ, Ҳһģұô㡣
ڸ˵¡
ü, ִ, չȥĶͷ˵ꡭҲôҵ𣿡
㡭
ȥĴͷʹ, ԺһŻգĳЩ˱Ļ䣬ʹУģظоϢ
߬סļⲻǻþĻܰ顣ȻǻþеһɳŨĻʹס䣬üģ˵ġ侲Ҳһġ
סգϢӿǰѪͿصľһٱ䣬ЩľϵûĽ˻𺿽С
ɿ֣¿һǰ̧̤µİЩϵȵϡãޱǰС
ѪԹҵ֮ǰԽãԽпܻþֲʵá飬ԻΪֻþϮл֪̫֮壬ȹ̣ûʲôħܵӰģֻ㡣
ܲ˵Ҳ֪ģ
΢΢һЦҽ㲻ҪԹԭصȻþʧȻȥл֪Ļþõѹƣ֪㲻ͨȶĵҿԽ㡣Ŀһͨܿѧġ
ƭ˵ʱ򻻸˵ɣⶼöˡ
ЦЦûбĿģİġˡոոĲ֦ҶһȺϢϵҶƬֻǻþҲ²⣬ѪʵܽһƬأ㲻ϵ
İҵģֻظδš
ǰ˳µصֻҪҲǣҵ֡
һ˵һ΢ѩ׵䣬ָ˳ĿĵؿҪܹ𣿡
ĬƬ̣ҵл֪ƽЩϸ֦ĩڣס
ǽޣ޳ָڲűļ룬ͼ͵Ĵ˷ָӴǿ۽Ȼָڣд˵Ŀھ

ʶضһ⣬ֱǵھסˡƺԼǲסָдú
˵ģʾĿֻдһ飬ܳתԵɽʬǺУܿȴʧ
ģϵѵǰ·ÿһۣͷ

ĸͬл֪Ҳգһ˲ʧȥϵ
ֻܾ˵֦ҶֱϷȵ˿ڣ֦ܿʶΧӡ
ȻĵڹŹ֣ʶ޷ŵ̫Զܿ㴥һ޷ǰл֪ջʶ˼ȻһµӰӴС֮ƹǲ
򿴼֮¶ȵı飬Ȼڵһǣҵ𣿡
л֪ҡͷ
ֵһطûڣбǶʧˣƬؿתġ
תл֪૵ʿĸ֪˵ʧȥȷʵѡЩǲʧˣûпȥѪ֯һǵĻþ
¶Ŀ⣬һ£˵еҪôҵĸˣ
л֪߿ɣЩ·һ飬һǶԵġ
顣
Ȼתл֪·ʱȻһƬⶨסˣһƬΪֲĺӽŵ죬ᣬͬ꣬ȫ㸲ǡ
Ул֪ǰֳһɫĽǰ͸ģս̧֣зڲĲϣص㲻ǹ
¹֡ϣֻ˶̶һһδ³ȥͱסβĿˣþȵĿ⿴л֪ƺķӦΪ˼
Ҫʱң˵ǸĻᡣл֪Ըﲻڵʱ򣬰ҵһͷƵƵĲϡûйʵֻһαװ˵ѪֲԺĻþ
ϵıʺл֪δʱǰġ򡱶ʱɢб㶼һأΪķѵ
𡭡
̧ͷǰغϵӰЩ֦ϵҲҶƬ¶ѵ塣лֱ֪ϵԽԽȣջսŪһµϱƬ
ֶڵλһѪǳ
ڡ
أ
߱Щ·ܽѪֻҪ䱣ǣЩ·˸ֻʱ⣬ҵԼҲܼ򵥡Ѱڣҵ˵һл֪ʵڲܷġ
Ҳ֪᲻֡ƽʱԽµԹۺ⣬ֻǱ治˵ƽҪԼԱĻþл֪еϣܳˡ
ջ֣ٹעűסƬʱ̽ĸȻŤһסĽףһͬĸͬѪһĶţ˲˵¡
Ƭڽл֪ûȥ֮Ѹٻָԭ״ЩִĸҲֹͣ˶
л֪ϾӦһӻһƬʪȵĵطܺģһ˿ⶼ͸κûõ۾ʧȥã̫ˣʲô
һ·ƽƽĸȻᶯط¸ûڡе·ͨѪֵ̤֮ʱʼʵѾѪֻĳѨڵ£ϾֻһƬԹѡ
л֪Ѹ˼³ʪŢһľ޴ǻҷҺ˻㱸оԼһĶĳٵС
ֱϵҧԽԽʹˡ
ĺɵüһЩס˿ڣһ±ҺŪ˴ЧǲԣЩʪյҺһ֮ǰҧˣײԭ޺Ķ
ǣһֶ
л֪תƶء˿ڻȵÿҪĶϸָ߬ڱסΧӵҺմʪ½ǣϷڲϵص䣬Һһжģɢһɺֵζ
ڶΣյĸ֪״̬£л֪ǰŲҺĵطͷڸ첲ϣϢѾȫˣ˿ڳ֮⣬һ/顣
ԺҲģ֪Щ뷨ԼһЩѪ֯ȥġ
ܡ
ȡȵÿҪˡ롭㡭


47 
ʶȫ, ˼һţһĺ౻ˮճҺ壬, εδ
Ѫڲ, ڲϵţʪյĲҺ½ǡྻķ, ǵҧ˿, ȫŪˡ˵ƤǱսƵȣҲһ궯ĶʧȥƵؿ
л֪סĿڡ
֪, ֱֻԼǰѱա־أû취սŶصĽڣ߶ʼģӰͻþ
˵, ־ҵѪĳֹһƬڵǻһ͹ƽĸѪǽڼ˳, һ, زסСȡ
л֪䲻رס, һ¡ֲ˵ķʽβͣⴥԱȹβҪ̫ˡ
ֶĸдĳֱѣΡ
лֳ, ȫմҺ塣ķζ̫ԣ˲, ѪǻҶ𶯡, ǽ룬ǵ߿һȥ
л֪һΣյĸ֪Ժը, û˵ֻ־սһΧҺ壬Ȼ˪·ȴֹһŸǸƬѨѪܡ
Ƚס޷ڴ˿̣л֪ϷͻȻһһĽһɨ϶ϷǹƬĹߡ
ǿҵĹ֮£ԷӰлֻ֪üգۣ͸оܲ͸ǻұ˺ˣѪ֯ѵճȻһס£ס͵һᣬЩ˻һϡ
һְֻסĺԣȵĿɢȡ֮㡣
㡭ֻ˵һ֣ȻȻͷһۣʪ͸˰
ȫҺ壬ѪڲɢֻˮҺֱͬһ޴ٵڲ
Слļϣػָ߬Щָ÷ף϶صô
ôҹģ㡣
һȾվϣϵĹл֪һۣ̾ôǱĺûá
˲ʪķ˿оȵ÷̣л֪ģ㻹š
Ļһ£е㲻Ȼ˵ˣǰ涼
л֪ȫû˵ʲôĻԱ˵ľ߹Եħȴһ̶ϸοľšлĥָܵ޳ͽ͵߬·ղסƵİɿļϵ͵͵ش

šӦһıڻһ߻ӦһƿߣĿעŽ±˺һӵľ޴Ѫ
Ѫλֵ·жǻңĹܵ͸ͨڲѪ֮ľǻΧƵ棬ʵҪõⶫѣѵֻҵѡ
衭硭ڶ϶϶ơ
类ûа취л֪ĺ󾱣Թԣһ£Ͼͺˡ
֣֪ĽȻһ硣뱧շ𣬽ڻڵϷ
ɲǼ䣬µѪǽڡϵ޾֣ȫɱĽ֮±ݻ٣Ѫĵط罦ľǽϷѪȫһѪǻҲƻһգ¶ǻ֮ӵѪ֮ġ
Ľ˿û˵Ѫ֮ģšӰһأ̽ȥȡָʺ֮ǰѪٶ𶯣ЩϢ֦ҶϵӵϾͬһƬɫһϯ඼ΪΡ
Ѫ૵ѪĳѨֲܵؾ
Щͷųࡣƽƽվл֪
ħӿ벽컯ľȫܷ籩һĺɫȺԭءȥڷ籩֮УֻһֻΪεѪڰУʺڽ֯ͫ׶䡣
ħͷȡߴ㻳ǸͳûˣֻѪһѩ׽۵ƤѪƣָ׼˵ʱ¶ݼȮ
ħǸ㡣һֻѪýȳƣӢϵ·ѪԼģǰ㡣ִҪѪ֮ģҲ䲻ˡ
䲻俴
δڣͬһֻѪΪǣϵҧմѨҺҪ˶ãͻǵͬ塣
˵ûڤѪĹǸһһ޷ϸĹһġȾԡ
ü
ħ塣ѪҪָҪѨʮѪⶾԣժģѨ̾ͻή½ǿ顭
䶢ɿ֪ħڰȥ
ʲôģľٶƽߺȻѣеôЩﲻ֪ЩʲôǲܹԹԸл֪ⶾģ磬Ҫˡ
ѨǻģҪηŹᣬó֯ͻþؾڼ䲻֪жٱ
Ҫ㹻ϿңҲܺ顣ޱصⶫǲǵԴȪ԰ɣ湻ĵġ
һ˵һָ˴ߵʺࡣֻһĿ֮£ȻǻҵĴӵһҷӰĺָ⡣
û˵꣬Ѫ֮ľͳʧˡһ£˿Լֿ˿档
ֻѪ𾪣ʺӶҪɳˣرסԴſ췢ļХ
Դȴ㱻ըˡᣬᡭ˵ᣡ𣿣
ǶХˣͫ˲ϢȼһŻ棬ۿȼաµѪѸٿήȻ嵽ǰסһֻѪʺڿһ֮󣬶Է屻ڵϣһ̲Ѫ˲һ롣
һֻļͣˡɪɪؿ䣬Ĺͷˣͨһ˵ϣ㡭㡭
Ѫվһԣ£ڣصƽܺ˵ģ˵
ûչֻܵѪŶǣغһ
˹÷ƲָסֱӲָƽšѪк飬˺ܶʿСǰٻȳûϵġ
ȴ֣еħ潥Ϩ𣬲ע⵽л֪ƺ̫ˣԷȫˣؿҲֻ֪ۣ£ü⣬ɨǡ
ʣû㰲οҡû¡ô죿
ϵ΢Цʧˣתͷ˪صô֪ɡ
俴һۣ£֡
硣ȫֻǲ֪ѡĻþ㶼֪ôᡭ
þֻǷ裬ֲɵҲûҵﶯֽšлꣿִ䣿ˣҲ£㲩ͨӦʲô֪Ŷԡ
һ£ס½󣺡㲻ôܡ㣬̫ˡ
ס󣺡⻰ʲô˼ѵҪҺſ˵ôתҾʲô𣿡
üһ㺮˪䣬ĺܲƭˡûͲӦú޲ĥŶԡ
Ĭһ£ݡ
ֳױˣгֳһ˵޽֯顣ϣαװյøɸɾһҲʣ¡
ûɿԽԽУϵļ߬ͨ졣һһֵʣ㲻롭𣿡
ûлشһ˿ϸ΢طܿѹȥƽȡĮᡣ
硭㻹úüǵҵġ𣿡


48 ѪҺ
ǵ̫ˡ
˫ۡһξҲǿ,ȻԶġҲԶ䵭ġҲɡָеʹĿп˺˶Է
쵽һεġĿС˾һ,ȷȡϷ硣̾,ȻȴЦˣڲԼĿ
ԷָʶĻ,ħӰεǧÿ𣿡
ͣڰ,¡ĵʱ̡
ΪְΣյħѹӡģΪžĶʡ
Ҳҵˣ硣
˽£ήѪһţӵĸѣƬŵԹױٻʶųȥ,֪˲λ,һǰѰңһߵܿһλ治ף¡ûпұ˺ĵط,ҪҰǿ̺۸㿴һ𣿡
ֻҪ,ЩƷþͲٳˡ˵,֮ء
Ц,Ҵش,ڲʲôĳͷ㡣
ײƽȴĬƿˡ
˺ܾ,ӵϼΪԭ͵Ĳ֮󣬲źȻڴ׵ʱȴʲôأ˵㿴ҡĶЦ𣿡ôӴ򿪡
ִŵоοԲǣǶɫص̫ˣеңҲģҵļһûãܶ¡
ںϵĺ΢һ£תͷȥ
ŵоĸӴ򿪺Ƶоವȼһû¶ȵĲ԰Ż΢ޡһŵģڵϸֳǧλףŤؼѹһ𣬰ڤй¶ʵĹӰУƻΪһεӰӡ
žߴһˤڵϡĺڷһƮżûϨĲ԰׻棬ľؿ񷡪֦֯Ҷȫˡ
Ǹĵط׽Ūͷתģĸˡ
ŲߣվԵ䣬Υıչ˸ͷȻӯȥסȣþúþûˣ
䣺
ô
û߿ӿĨᣬûϢ
ҿɨһһèèл۰Ͱ͵صѪ֮أԹˣӦȡ˰һ²ϡ
䲻֪ôָͣһл֪룬ָָԼһҾȥˡ
ȵۣ˫ƯǱ켵סôдڸСִס֣ʼҲ
˰죬üͷšһһԵһħ
˺ӹȻջ֣صҲô£Ѫܹ֮֯䡢þڲƵ£һһԻúģܹóһ޴ۡ޷ħģֻǼĸ»ز顭Ҫ常ھͺˣʲô֪ġ
俴һۣħ壿ûǸ͡
һѪƵƵ¾Ѱˡһϣлôˣ
棬òؽлˡ
ҧˣ˿մѪڵĶءĶͷڷȡ
Ȼẓ̌ĸѪûˣлҲûȣͬһѪҲ취ģҰۺɡ
С뿪ߡ㵽ûãԼӦôһЩɣ
һ£ܿͷǶԼ˵ģĬĬԱŲ֪þõط
ûеԼˡҪ֪ĻӦһ
䶢
Էȴ޲˹ȥþָлֻ֪ܴ磬˵Զһ𣬾һű˵ëţ嵽˭˭˭˭Ƿ;塣
סƽʱøᡣѩ׵䴩л֪Ѿ޷ȥ⣬չȥĴϢ˪һɢȥ÷
俴ʣ
˵ÿ춼Ҫ
һᷴڵġ
ͷںˡ˵ûúܿһ֪Ҳǰл֪ƢҲ̫һӦ׵ġ
ϰˣʡ
ı΢˱䣬΢ɲüƺе㲻ϲԼ˼ʱ̡ûСֻ࣬ҵ

л֪ʱڷ;С
ֻʣĻʱҲĻСһƬл֪ӦһΧĹߣ̧ۿ
֧ŶС˳۽޴ڵĳڼͷ̹ȥķӳһ졣üһħƣ·൱Ưɫն׹΢΢𵴣ϸ˿
л֪˰ΣߺܾöûջĬĬ룬Ҫεؿűˣ˭мܵסأûֱܱ£Ҳȫ
Ҵȶֻ֣£һϵ硣䱾û˯ţһӾͻعۡ
лֶ֪һ£õջȥ
ˣһ仰û˵ϣͻȻֹס򥣬ǡ
Բ𣬡л֪úܲ˼ûҪ˼
䣺˵Ҳ
Ҳû͵͵㡣л֪ؼ壬ֻǡ
û˵꣬졣л֪һͣסˣоԷϸָѹָ࣬ȳֻܷԼ.
еļָĥĥ˼صȻ䳤ˡ
ĶǺϸ£лĴ÷ſĺ죬޷£ûһҧס͸Һ˳Ŵȥһֻչʾޡ
߬סۿؿ
ĥ˰죬ߣͻȻķ֣֣䳤ˣ񻹺ܴ
л֪˴ǣ޷ƵҺǺŴ˺üŲ̫ĺʣʲô˼
ѪֱӣѪѾٻˣ⼸ǲġΪһЩԤ֮״ṩһ˼·
ûиԲ߾ʲôǺؽ񽻸ι
л֪Ϣϰߺ֮ǰͬѹһֹ߳İȴ룬תûֿܵסϦ£ҹļ϶Улѹ
ΧϤħ衣Ͽ飬΢е㲻أɢؿαֱ֧ڷϡ
л֪һȻúܶ
ٹѾã־Υļмֱͬͷһȫȫرˣһ˿İҲˣ۾ȫŲˣɫɲ͡
ɫɲ͡
л֪ʲô
лΪ˼뷨쵽Ӹ̲ס򴽣Ȼæͷһ䡢һ̫ϸӦƪһ룬Ȼ˽ʲô
һ췭ҳ
л֪о飬ÿһݷڵľţ߬ȫǺȵعѾĻѹĸ첲ͷŲůļ
䵥飬ˣ
ûС
㳹ױ֮ǰʲôԲȥġҵѪ
л֪ɰͰ͵һĭܵԼҪ뿪ԷԺļȴΪһ壬־尾ĦţƬ
Ҫлִ֪ŵص
Ѫήˣĺ˵Ҳãû볹׳ΪֿѪĹ俴УˡҾãͦɰġ
л֪Ŭ־룬סû߼ͱβסһǰħļָײһָָѸѿһѪʳʺѪҺ
ָ˹ȥ
л֪ҪܣѪҺζʱ򣬻ǲɵúһ΢Ŀעӹȥ˵ȴǣʵҲȵġ
˵ѡ俴
л֪صȺûãķȫԷѪҺζԵѣΡס֣չȥſںסһ˲䣬۵ζǻѪĶظıζ
µЩѪ飬ֿµβ붾ȥʱл֪ܵõҸûˣͬʱֲһ˱κѹ
л֪̲סΪԼʧصᣬ˱.ָ˿ڣȴü΢ƵصԲ𡭡


49 
ָ޳ྻ
ָֻڲ滮һ˿,˺ͻ˱㼡ѪҺһȥ
䶢Է۾,гСٵĥţʳ,ǿССЦ
ļ뿪ָ,תͷʪ.
ҿû۸㡣ʶص
л֪޷ƱֲѪıܣȴֱԼһ㡰ԡûش𣬶Ǵչȥסļ磬ڲྱ̽ҧڼ֮̽ǰ,Ȼְ̧סļ
ҧȥ,һծġʾζص
лѾǷνծ⶯Ͳֹ,Сĵҧȥҵѣ,ֻڱܵõ֮,ŻȻһ˲,ӿǿҵΡ
Ϣζȫӡˡ˪ѩһ嶼Ⱦ¶ȡ
лְ֪ļ,ûʲôʪյ۽޲䵽ļ,һ΢ĴСͬʱû鶾ڵϢ,.ˡ
ԭеرСлչʳҲιԷιе,о׵ĺл֪ϥǵȡ
л֪ɪһ¡
ȵӣù̡
ĶҲһ£Ϊ֪ʶԼʲô徲ĵ֮¡
Բ𡭡л֪ѹúܵͣƻŵɿ֣ѶԷĻ
˾ӰϵȺϢļһ¡ôؾ㣬ȴҡţҪ
л֪Ӳ޵ݡ
жĻ˿߳ܲشˡ
صҵĴ֣ҡԼ
ԼüԼ𣿱˵޵˿ûо飬˵壬һôβĶҺûҵĻӦѾԼ
챻סˡл֪֣üҲΡ
סЦŵҿġ
л֪ۣǿһʱͺãûô
ɿ֣л֪ʱֺ̣ȻβסβһڽڵزסɢζڷѪҺ
л֪һڵĶطӿҪϽˮĹˡڵϣûĺڷ˪׵ְŵ棬Ȼַ
֧򥿴ԷļҲڷϧ·ļͱļ
㿴ҪܡͣԼŪô죿
л֪û˵ʲôֱ
βͰ
⼸û취¡ħϰԵУѶԷڵҲһֽķʽһֳ֫ԡԷ˳ӣħڡޡҰһ棬ͻʹسͷ
ãл֪ܷβͲסʱлֻԼ̵ڶطĿڶԼʧѹһô֪ˡ
ѾôΪˡ
л֪벻ʲôصأеҧŴݰѱĴӡĳݺۡ
վ
Ųһڵϣߵл֪ǰúܽ
л֪س˳󣬱βظˡԺһƬе㴭
˵㣿
ѹͲҪʣֻһѶѡл֪ǵķ.ʪˣֵס۾ɤ尾ú
ҵѪú𣿡ʡ
л֪ûлشʶԷԼιĴۡβҲ·ˡ
䶢屻޸Ĺ̫ΣءǶεںϡȻǺѾûô䣬.ееͷˣ׾л֪ƵʧС
ȵȡ
ŷǳڼزϵĸ֮£ʵûôֻǶ˵
л֪ĴѾҧĳѪˣ۽ʪ͸ˣʵؿ۾ȫǻûӯᡣɪַֺɡ
ϲ˲ȣȻûֻǸȤѡ
˵ǼúʹࡣĿǰûʲôл֪ȫάֲסǺˣ˻ơ϶˵硭
ù֡лί˵Լ塢Щȵ񾭣ѾȫȫرŪˡ
ôһ˲ķ֡ƿߣһţ𣿡
ĸҶһѪҪˡ
л֪Ҫѹ£ǲܵ顣زס֫壬΢ʹ˵̵ﱬʹˡ
лûӿݵ󱻹βĥˣҴڵϣѰϢȣʶеٶۻƲסظβ͡
ѹסָħ¶ָףػĵ
˺
ѲĿࡣ
俴סл֪գ۽ǵȥصлÿһѪǰ׺ȵġ
ۿͨؿ
ǿʼ˰ɡ͸¶һ˿죬ģҺϧ㣬Ūġ

ѪĶأҪιʮ졣
̵УЧǺġл֪𽥲ڰ˯ҲẦ䡣
ϧ󲿷ʱ仹˯ȥġ鶾úÿζкúιѪǱʲôֻҪȲβĶأл֪û취ƽϢһʱ䡣
ķӦע⣬ûлʱҵᡣĲټȡˡ䲻̫ⶫЧҲʶĶֻܻ֪Լꡢÿ.ĳū¯.Ļܲ˵Ծġ

л֪ѹʱѾϰϵʹһ£˵䡣
ˡϤ
л֪תͷȥƺŸˣӦᵽĸֻл֪
ٶ۵ʶϤΪ˵߻ͬ
¹࣬ڷѩ¡С˵˼仰Ȼȥ̧ͷл֪
˽˶ݵĶӡ
ûƿߡǰֱӵһι۲ӡ
л֪ǰһܷӡ޵ˡɼԼ.ֹн̵ĿƺҪ󡣵ЩϿͱˣɱˤϡ飬ȫΪһѵ㡣
б֪ˣԴαлֻ֪ǳĬᷴ
ЩˡΨһ޵ߵķݾ䣬κ£ΪѺͼ尾
¡л֪ɤƣŴԡ
ǱŪúܿ
˵Чģƽ͵صһ´ǣٹӦþȫָˡ
лл֪
лҵʱƺôϡصҲûвˣܽԱ߿𣿡
л֪̣ĬΣ̲ס֮顣
š˵ҾͲ⡣ԸĻб˿Ҳν˭ʱɱˣ͸Լ򡣡
л֪еһ㶼һ
ǰˡ


50 
Ҳˡл֪
΢΢һЦ,ô˵Թô
ԹޣӦġ㲻ޣΪֻתĹϵͰˮ,л֪ҲЩֺԹؿԼƬɷ
ץߣͽϲŭһ˵ʱ,л֪޷Ǩŭ
ƺйл֪,Ҳûˡʱá£Щɱ
ɱϡ
л֪ϴһûϵõĵ,ͷɫ¡Ũҵɫӳгȥɫ
ѵ𡣡л֪,һУ㡢㡣ȴֻ֪ѵõ飬ֱ̹ԵûС
Ĭע
һᣬ֪ǰ¡ص۵ɤЩɳ,Ǳɰֽϸ΢ĥһ,ȴûϸظηԴѵ̬ȣһģνġ˫˶ɵĶ׫µò,ʧȥ
˶٣Ȼ
ûж١л֪ĳϣڵķ˿ڸס·ϰƣⲻͨġֻܵõĻ棬ܶġ,Ҳµġ
Цһ£µú׼
ԭҲϡл֪̾һºĽޣӦýնȥһЩ˼谭һ֮ڽдġµǰĽȴٶ۲̹ûУ̸ֺΪͻơ컯
ǲֻ̹ϣ̬ȷº֣ͣҲһξ𡣡
𡭡
л֪̲סľڲ𽥼롢ָտɴĳһ죬Ͳôôˡ
Ծʱ̣ᵨӵġħ壬ħ岻ͨ飬㲻Ҫ˫ޣֻҪһЩƭҪã߱ʮأҲûѰһеķ
ܸһԡ
ҪԸ⣬ҴǰľӪĹϵҲҪʧȥˡ˵
л֪΢ĬĽˣҲˡ
ƽؿء
л֪һ££סϵ磬ң
ҵתû˻Ҹ˽㡣˵ôʱҲڶʦ޵ϰԶֻ̣Ϊ룬û˽ܺãΪҡ
лֻ֪Ͳ˵ˡ
ܽ⣿΢ЦѵҲͬΪҿ֪Щʱݡ˳ģл֪Ҫ̫ˡ
л֪ԷŴƵطۣ˱裬ʺ
Ķڽϵ΢졣Ϊлܲסۣżοʹ֯һʱֻϿ룬Զܡ䲻̫Զ´һӰ˳ˣǶײ
˳ӣʲô᲻ӦչԹŰִϿ꣬û뵽̵ô˳ܡ
ٷңҾͲ˵ˡл֪˿ڲ
ȻΣεҡͷСԱԼһ⣬תӦû˺ܶ඾ء
֪
⼸㷢ôŵβ붾صӦͳˡֻһֱţûд㣬ҲȣȻĻǸǧѷĻᡣ
ʲô᣿
Ƴһۣ˵С
ȿȡл֪Ǻһڲ裬ˮ˵ɤըϢһȫˣؿڿ˺ü÷죬ðβ˳ֲĿ⿴
Ȼƽ
ʲô˼л֪æʣʲô֮ǰ°ŪûгɹĲûκãкӵġ
㲻𣿡
ҡл֪Ļͣһ£һ˲Ҳܣû̫ʱ䡣
ڻʿǳСħֻһ꣬Ҫܾá
֪ôѲúӰס䣬չôŮֻС˵λĲԡ
л֪˼ȻýﰵƻƵģ͸һ췹ζ
Ŀǰûгɹˡ
֪Ϲħܹͨظ壬ҺôĻ΢һ٣ͨ񣬺ܶ˶֪ɵ֪Լ󲻵õĽһַʽԴɣʱĻἵģл֪
ֲϹħ塭
Ѫһ̶ȵķ棬ֻǸ㣬ܶѡҪʵٴβܳɹҶûôָ㣿
л֪
㺦µĻͲҪٿĶˡ֪ѾˣҿԸ.ϵķʿ˵ħǸµļ壬û˫ģҪҪúÿһ¡
л֪ˣ⻰ǲǴ˽ġ
ǰûڲأҪǸãһɱģҶĿֻΪֹˡ
л֪ڲ𾪵Уþûعֱħ彫˵˽
û̫ʽл֪ˣûסһеˣ̧ɨһˣл֪ǰֵ裬ʣʲôˣ
ͷСװʲôû˵
ҲԹԵرڸɵϣĸ첲Сôѽ
һ˵ѡ
ŶС¶صͷŤһ
էһл֪ûӸղǸϢعе㶵ؿһ£û˵ʲô
Ͼص°䡣
˵˵㣬ȷ¡
չȥҡ
ʵ̫Ѷˣǵл֪ʺͳͽ䣬Ҳȥٰ촦ġɹȵϢѹʱƵ˺ˣ.ѾԼˣֻҪضл֪ͻ㱸оĿڵȻͿʼŵ
񾭱ڴռеĴлεУִٵرߣҪܿ̽αعҡ
Ϊҵġ֧򥣬ȹҵѪͿʼл֮Ҷõÿɲֹһ㣬ȻҲ̹ϡ
ʵȷʵɨȥʶ˼䣬ûиһЩ߰㹰Ļͳ˻ⱻ·Լרġ
̸µʱ޵С˵ʲôֱǻ֮Ϊ
лֽ֮еü顣ΪӼô֮٣ôصĳƺл֪ﶼе㷢ȡ
Ȼб˵ˡֻҪѲκãһǸء˫ػߡ
Ҳ֪л֪ôóġԶϵ˾δ̫һЩһ㣬;²Ҳ
ȫ¶л֪ȴ񱻶ջһǾܵ
ҡл֪ŵ̸û취˵ڣһۣƵʲôû˵Ƶġ
ԽԽ£ѾǴл֪ʳǵ̸ƣ͸ŲȥͣĴϡ
л֪һͻ᲻ҧһ´ꡣĴʪģ´ڲһӡĺۼҹǰҹ֮һ˵㣬Ĵⶼĥˣʱ͵͵͵۽ᣬί޺ؿһ޿еļƷ
ֱ£΢׵ĺۼδɫ÷
俴һЩ궯شչȥסȴл֪ƾһ£Щˣȴǣ»ڡ
ҿû𣿡ۣ㡣ңԼǶñң͵.һ
л֪һֻǲ̫صʱֱ۽סȻܿĸÿ֣ͷһԵضˡ
һ£Է˱˿ӹһɲûקסٻֻʣ½պϵɴˡ
Ƴһ˹ȲԼΪֵɲ־ֵûţѪһΣʲôʱˣǲ̫˵ֻΪ˸£
һ㣬βͿ˷ܣ磬ô飬Ҳĵġ


51 
Դӵ֪β붾ؿܾ߱һֹܺ, лͶβ͸ע⡣
ƽչл֪ϴֻг͵ķݶȻȥԷβûв
µĲֹ
л֪ٴαͣĦųеļʮ, Ѫι, ѪĶرк, ѪҲʧˡ
س֣˵Ĵǣ, ֻʣһֶˡ
л֪񾭹̫, ֻ󣬵һӦȻǵסǻϷһ΢ķθģ̣ûʲôصͷ
²ߣôˣ
л֪ҡͷ, ǿûµġֻǡʱϢ, ˯̫ˣе㡢е㱡
˼ס
ǻ㱣̫Լǿһɶ˾һЩƻе֢״ʵͨβĸǺܵ͵, ͵䶼û
л֪롢³, ҲһΡŶҲΣ緢ʱҲôˡ
ԣһҪ, һвΪ൱ڱдʩһħ뷨ͨô㷵漸Ƿǳǳ͵ģӦöЧŶԡ
ֻᵣЩظô죬֪ʶä
л֪ȻָҪ壬һƾ͵ʵڲͳ뿪ħ򡢺Ͳͬݷ̵ֻλʱ˰ٻȵλѡ
ġ
ħչһ棬Ͱʾл֪ħ취֧ߣȻظģɾͼѾͻȥˡɽ뷨ںϣײ˺ǵġ
лѡл֪ʮָм
֮䣬ƽڵʱһֱװСżŴ϶¶ϲ飬ȻжĲżҾ
£ħĿ
еһ֡л֪СżൽߣѾȥ룬ֻ÷еĵرΪһУ
л˵ûһ˼еĵرɽӦУֻλСѲ뿪ħŮˣˡ
ʵͲˡлֻ֪ˣ˵ˣǶ˽Ҳôȥ
СżԹԵԱߡ
ĺ⣬ƵжţΪڿϣŮĲиϢɹοħĹϵҲһʱ
ʱֻ˵ǵҪŮҺúչ㡣л񲢲ֻ
ʱȻΪ˷ȸԾЩ׵ۡҽ߳ҽ޵Ļȥ֪л֪Ԫƣ״²á
лĬƬ̡
̫ݣգл֪ǵΪҰ
ĵûл̫࣬ͷɵؽַȥ滺ȻͻȻüٳûɿֿл֪һۣ૵л㡭
ĥ˺ð죬л֪ĵĿ£˵ĶظŮΪһ壬ӦܵƵġħβ鶾ٻʵо͸֮ǰչʱֻҩΪѹƶԣѷѾӰ쵽ˡ
뵽ԭġ
ȴܲ죺ⶾȻⲻҲûô鷳͸ĵҲͰˣ󿴣ƺǣԪƣвһ֢֮
ˡле㱻µĻס˼ѽ⣬ǼǹҴ£ЩáѹᷴϣһЩڷӦ֢״
ʵûУ̫ˡ
ֻѹƼɣлֻ֪Ӱ塭
ĲţЩܵǵûиҡɻľҽʦȴֻ伲ҽٻһβˣ£ʲô֢û
л֪ʣǵ֪Ӱ𣿡
һӱסˣͷƲǳĲ֢ϾֻܵĶ׺ܵȥܹӰ첻
Ȼˣ͸ͷѡ
ı˵ˣֻ̾¿˷ӣҩжĲϣдߵҲǣʲôţܺ𣿡
л֪ĬĬţ豭˿ˮŵɫˮϸĭɢҶسûȥƽĻ棬ͻȻӿһŻµķθУ±ס˴ֻǸŻʲôû³ǻţһӲקƵۡ
£ϽչȥıŮģŮʱӰһ𷢷һΪԽߡԪܸԽײصĺͨ˿ֻجΣʿȴγħŲ巴Ӧôԣôûħ
лֹ֪סŻסǻ඼е㱻ʹľС֪Ⲣʲôˡ
ûˣֻǿ־塭־һӣǿ־
ϾûʹҲֻǡֻϲ̨Ĺϵһϰ˵ûкϼΪ¾д䡢ûаó׶ⲻһĹϵ
л֪ĹôءΪԼƶϿĿܣ±׼һӦܾڡڵǷ
øֱӵĻ˵ǣ־ͻΪʥˣ.󻹻ᵣԼĴðԷԴչնһĽ̵Ϊǽת㽫̳һĿеġȷʵˡ
ؿлֻ֪Ƿ˵㰲ĵҩʲôû˵ˡ

ڰ˲۴һӣ̵ֱֻķλϵǣһ漰ʱ䡢ֻصķȻħС
Ͳ򵱼ء
ħ壬ָһȺ߰ߵСѰټټħ㱻ɻûҵ
е֡
ֹΪҲֻ̣л֪е
һ¶һĸطᣬһħĽ죬û̽Ϣǧɵĺӵ׶ȥˣͷرỹӺӵװ/һ
£ᣬ̾˿
Ǽġ
Ѫ֮ڻԼҲ֪ѪҺܷɹֹغʱķȻһĵطѰҾˡ
̧ۣһڲԶ䲹ֵл֪
޲һ׵伮ֻһԡѹħᣬҲڱץ֮ǰδɵļ֮һ
䶢һĪоβе֧򥣬Լ㿴Ϊĺÿһһ͹ȥˣĶɰл֪תģǳ𣬵üǳ
һôô󰡡
˼ԽƮԽԶ
һҲãҲֻӲ̲ס˾ѹסβͲҶʵû취ֺõС۾ﻹᡣ
ǰû˭ôɰءôתģ
˵һġһ˫ִαϣȴԺģƵģеϲ
ֻ룬͵ҵӡҲֱ˼Իǰеϲء
ͷĶ˵һ顣
ѵ֣ҵĺ֪
˵⻰ʱƽͣû˿ʧ̬΢٣ȥˡ
񲻰
ҲְһβͣĬĬл֪ˣ㿴ָҡ
βͲ˵βͲ֡
ǲ֪ҶǰСѾûʲôɱˣ취ҪЮһ¡ôѳõ˿ݾҪƫǲĵġʲô̫֮壬ʲôĻ·ϵİʯ
˵˵ţе㲻ˣһһԲл֪±ʣתͷһۡ
Ҳ˵ħߣһץǿ.ġ
л֪ôӿ뵽ģ
̫Զˡ㲻һӦþ߰ɡ
л֪ҵû
Ҳûá˳Լ˼·ԲȥһССĻʿ뷭ҵģ֮ȴû֮أʵʵźң˭㡣
˵꣬ŮߵĿλޱؿ
л


52 
л֪ȴûȥ, 䴹β͡βƽƽصͷţϸ徫, չֹ, ûʲôɱ
л֪çײҲ΢ʹĳݺۡסһз˼, ס, ̲סʹʧضʽܴĻɲл֪ôʹĶ, ȴΥԼ־ءʸȥ
ʳĽ˿ȸ
л֪ûҪߣʱҾûʱܷ̫࣬һеԼ, 
Ħϵּù˴ǣҵĴ
л֪ҡ
ʲôҵģĵһܴʾл֪ǰ벽, ͣ٣˵βͲҡ
Ƴһ۹βҲ, ҾǱ, 
ʵ֤, ʲôһֻǳħ塣л֪ô΢ֵθУչȥ¡Щ, ͻŮͰȫ罻룬̶ֳȶл˵ѾͶͱˡ
仹ǲ, §סл֪ϡýϵļȳƶеԣо
ͷͷϵĽ޵ز˲ƯĻҫĿŶԷҲ˽л֪ǳڻ
һ׶ˮѵĻᶼûСл֪֮ǰıչءǽѪͬʮ죬Ƕӵ̫ˣõ㹻ӦħѹϢתΪһְȫС
ûʲô񣬡ĺ󾱣ƹ̧򥣬Ŀԣûκ𣿡
ŵʮ־л֪Ǩŭˣûµġ
߸ײһɲس롢ƿ
ΪʲôңһҪǿſϹһ𣿡
л֪ѿǽŻǿܣۣоڼϣÿһ񾭶ýһŻѪܡ
ǡҪҲǰΣⲻǺܺô
䶢
ûͨл֪仯תǰת˵˼̫ϸ̫ӵģ̹ʣͱ˹Ĩǡ
ֻ˼ϢͰڻˬǱסһĿԱȥ޻šһֻë޵ǺˬСè䣬ĴûЩݴʣҲо֮ͬĸܡ
л֪ȻݣħʱһǼ׵ħʵڲˡһһڣ̫֮峤غϢĶһ̧ͷסĴ
л֪߬ס½󣬰սס壬ʶȻֱս˫ۣħƵûգˮﱻȥƵģò׳һӣֻǣֻһ¡
õۣĻ˵˭ġ
Ҫлָ֪ſҺòã㲻ǻҪ𣿡
ġ
л֪ҭһ£ͣٺֵȷʵ̫
ĹȻ
仰δ䣬л֪ס֣Ϊ˲ǣŵѣֻøĿڣǣҽҲܺáʵ
ǹô˵ģۺЦؿءšһȻ˵ʲôڣ
л֪ƲĶˣΪתͷ
ת˾֮лķӦ͸ɰˡ֪Լеϲл֪ռСڴϲһֱ֡ȷʲô̶ȵϲֻ˳߹ϣȻʮȻĶͷ鷢΢Ĵ
ʱȥһ飬ѹҲ֪˭ֱ֮¡
ûģл֪ԼģȫȫռжԷʲô¶֡ôʴȿ꣬һ㣬лҲΪҽڡԭġ
Ů޼ɵֿ̡ӶԷĵ󣬽ϵüΪׯ´ϣȻβͲԾƹȥ
ֱ߬סˡ
л֪֣ΣջЩȱĺ˵硭еġ
Ϊʲôʡ
л֪δش;ͱסռˣǻﱻһڼӲĹβȥʪܵͳһֻƵĵ򥣬˪׵ռ䡣
ȿȡ˺üķߺͿ־лһ˿ᡭкӵġ
ֶһ¡
Ĭضл֪Ķͷ
л֣߳ŭ˵ġ
ĥһ£ǲƭ˰
ǣ֪˵ģһԤСĻỳеġĹ򣬰Լȳڴ齵ڲһǣؿڣһµ²ĸоųʹ
ǸʿԼỳС
һݵĿһչȥܲһĽڣ
ڴͷװСżѾþûǺˣʵ޿̣׾سȥס½ǣеСʦ̫֮壬׸ɱʽϣÿζܵ㶮ѽСʦô˵϶ǲǸˣҪ۸
Ɀżƽʱã˵ƲϣÿĶЧ
ְСżӵŤͷл֪㲻룿
л֪ûش
áǾˡ
ÿʣ̧ȾҪߡл֪ӦɿһӰûһֱĿϣĵҪؿڶǵģԾһգۣȻˡ
л֪Լһ£գ֪ʲôʱˡ
Ѿ.̣òԼˡ
л֪͵͵ؿԣǰݹһˮ˵ˮѹȥҪл˳ŵˮȥ
䶢ͷƽֲ˲۽ǣһû۸أͿ޵ô
л֪Ĭ˺ðΣߡ
ֲұֲߡ˵ľ˻ûã
ͺˡܾûãͱëˡ
Ԫ˰
ӵʹ̧ۿ֣̾Ū
л֪ץŵֽסˣı
޳ˣ㡣
˵ʵġҲǺϲл֪޵۽ͨӣֶׯȾɫʣһ˼¡
л֪һ̵ؿȥĶͷĲˣҪ𣿡
ʣ㣿
л֪ͷ
˼һ£ҵǲС𣿡
л֪ͷˮݹط
ðӦˡ
˿˿ӾϽһƵġл֪ԹԵؿֲȥᣬȻְؿϡ
䣺
鶾ĸáС˵ѣʵԤ̫ǿҲãܲܰҽһ¡
䣺ұֹңл֪ҹǰɣ
ûŵǳϴԲԼ
䣺㡣
ҿ½չȥţô˰û˵ʲôãؿۣ⡭ţ
л֪ҧۡ
֮Ĭ˷ǳõһʱ䡣
Ƭ̣ھšüë֧򥣬㡭÷.ǣҲǸ˼ްҵ˼ܶˣ֮
л֪סһ£ȻҲеˣǵöγˣԹԣҸ㴦
βе㿺ܵڵžž˼¡

һʹһ졣
ٴּٲл֪ܵȷʵأûĥ͸ΪʲôҲش
ֻܰл֪˵ĵɶضѻĸܵĶ˳֢״Ҳܺ

賿籧űлһҹûͨʲôԭл֪ƣʱ򣬹ʹʣôˣһҰɣ
л֪ʵصûС
ģ
šҪŪңҺŪ͡Ҷ


53 ħ
л֪ķӦû, һԽԽء
ҪּһԷ壬ҪĻỳˡΪϸ, ȷǶػ۵ĸá
л֪ش֮Ĺϵûβ, ֱԲ١
ϣлܵ˯, ǰ¶˺ܾãȻûᣬȴѹ¡ӵǿҵİȫ˳һû, л֪漣ȶ
Ȼ󡪡ֺ壬ķΧ£ӵչ磽⣬ٱˣ̶յƽҲһ֮, Ⱥҹ, µս, л֪ųٳٵطӦ
Ǹ
ô
кǿҵԤˡ
лĵ̾, ʶһֺܻҵ״̬ͺһѼĿ̵Ĺءߡԭ򡭡Ĵ±׼һ, ֻҪԼ, ûа취
ԾһؿڣָСͣͣ
СлԵˣҲ̵ֻ鶼һ, ԼͦȶģתסҲֱַϣѹл֪ĸ
ôֻèʣ㻹һŪУ˵ƭģħķԸʺܵ͡ţԹԣƭ
л֪̾
ڤֻ̫֮ϱӵ𡣼㽣û˵ҲԤеϡҪȻҲᵣĵӦˡ
գңҼǳˡ
л֪ǳ͹ˣβĥĥȥġʹ
ǲ˵һСö֮ʹбһ˾źţֵĴźŴӴľʾ˴.ı־
䡰Ŷһذβͻϣֱϲ˲βͼ϶֮֯ţ汻ʪģŨŨ
ָ䣬ʾлԼβͣȻڵص¶Ȱ
л֪õѪ޲ҸطȥβͲ֣ǿһѩ׵ĹǽڣܿͲˣתһԵϡ
˴
л֪ûڵһˡ
˵ǻˡ½޾ٱȲ裬ƺų֣ҲһˣƭԼģĿڲһɲǺϰ߰
˵⻰֮ǰȿԼɡл֪һ䣬Ŵɴӣⷽ棬ûʸ̵ҡ
мţôҲ̫ˡ
ˣ˭᲻ϲءԤϵûʲôߡһˣ㡭Ҳԭ㡣
ҲҪԭ¡л֪𵽵װԼʲôλã
ңƽؿǰ㹻ôȻôǲ˵ĿڲһˣֵʲôҪʵʵҲռÿһĿ⣬ĵ˵𣿡
ôġеûס
Լ˺ܶࡣ
ҲΪһ˽˺ˡл֪
㻹û͸㻹ûʧȥ
л֪Ҫ˵ʲôɳƵĺʹʺԣ˿
䵥ְػһָ΢̧ϵĲƯ˱ˮСݸл֪˳˳СӵıʶҲ
л֪ʹĿ⣬СڵغˮûС
ӲֲŪīڵĳ˵ʲôˣ
лֻ֪ҡͷ
˵Ҳô˭֪ĻжģжǼٵġ
л֪֣ĿͣƬ̵ֳֻ̣£ǲǹиˣȻ֪ħУôġ˹ð¶ˡ
סԺȻ֪ƵĲ嵥ֻ̾һҲҪǸ
Ҳżʲôá֪㲻ǻþҲûҪֱӲ˰ɡЧĻЩþʧ㡣ôҾʲôı
˵̫ɵˣûǸ˺㡣Ǻƽ˭ܱ֤㲻ͻȻ裬Щþһֵʹࣿ磬ֻκ㡣
俴Ųʱ¶ҡҡ׹֮⣬͸ʲôͷϸħѲӦ֪Ŀ֮Ҳȫġ
֪ΪҵĺϸҲ뵽ȷʵиطûѰҡ֮£Ϊİĵط
䶢һۣʶԷʲô˼վÿɴ⳶˼·ϣ£ý壬ڴ¹¶Ƭ
滹л֪ץǳǳۣӵúףΪָײףƤûơ
ԳĬ
߱ߴ·ɫ쳤ۣһѾ޳߹ĳ裬ָΰϸֱұеǽڡ
ǽϷŸ෨У׭ħ׭ġĳʵܾûб䶯ˣ䱻ӡʱڣûκһħ̤УƻδȷħȨ
ָǽһ׭ģ渴ӵּ
⣿ʡ
Ǿͨħ׭濴ҧָ⡣
ָ˸ڣɫѪҺʳ׭ϡ
Ѫȥͬʱǽħ׭ʼתЩдǽϵƯϡ
Щڣ˷֣ҲᱻЩħ˰˼ڷӡ׭ϡ
ĿħϳأעǰŤ׭ġɫħ׭ĲŤ֮£ǽʧˣȡ֮һڵڡ
ƻľûôһܵǴռиģͦļ
ޣҾٶһÿµҶҲԡⲽֻڣħô
֪
ûּء˼Ƭ̣תͷл֪ңħ裬Σա
л֪һߵ˿ѹȥҪӦǽϵħ׭аĹĶÿһӡ۶ѵر𿪣һͻİ׹
âȥڿտҲ

ѾкܾûмǶۣ׵Ĵˡ
иռƻľ⣬׭ﻹǶŴ֮ΪûΣԣԲδΣֱӰ׹ۣ֮Ѿվһ֪λںδĽǰ޵졣
ɨܣл֪ڣҲû
ȥ
һϸ΢ĵˮÿˮԴ룬ǰĿռһ˺Ƶ΢Ťʱٶ·ˡ
ֻܵ෨Ӱ
ѿסΧʱ٣һֱߵһƽ̨ϣƽ̨룬һƴԲ̣治ݻŴ۸ӵĸ໭棬ˮǴ洫ġ
ֻ̣ˮ
žડ
ߴֵĻ棬ľƺ졣
žડžડ
ΧŻʱ仹Ťˡ
һ˲ĻУȻŵһѪζͷһĲˮ˳ָȥѪ飬һ̣һֻ޴ֱסصһסɽָƽǵϣ汻ó޿ӣرըơ
䱻ѪǺһڣʹһ̧һûͷֹֻͬӴȴֺͽţһű鲼ݵľ޿ڡ
磡Ů㣬
ءץסƣȥ廹ڵ㡣
硭
׵սӲҡѾȫʱĳˣ̴ֻˣصǧǰŮȥ
ɲʲôþĶʱֻ෨ֻĶʱ䡭ʲô£û֧ţ綼ҷ
ǰ־ޣǵǼͷ𲻾Ԫʬ֮һʵȰ벽컯ŮпܱʴȾ
Լӣؿڣ³һͷֲľЦЦ˵ģҺܾûôѹˡ
޵ĸֱζ⣬㹻裬߰Ӵֱ۰סȻſмѪڣͷҧȥ
ԡ
ֳݱˣ
Ѫ֮һǼףħϢӶзѪɫĹ⻪ȫѸٵչβʹܳ㵹̣ײ޶ѵУȻһš
ڡ
ѪȪը
ۿȼ棬ͫħ̧֣ŹǼ׵ָס޵Ȼ˺ѡ
µļХڵϺҵعֱ²סصùƽԭҳһȡ
ֱ۱˺һ϶첲޳鴤غУŶ֫佫˦˳ȥ
һɽƿˡڰվȣͷ˿Ѫ벻زôǣѹ˵ٻָţʱĵһʹͷ顣
ĺսȼˡ
һԾ޴ĹӼչиڸǹ򥣬һסİ
ȼħתһ£ؿڡ
ħȶɡ
ħԭεĸоˬ


54 ҩ
ֻ޴ֵļХֹͣ, ĵϣѪҺ͸ضͬո㵹ʬ, ڸʴʧ֮ЩŤΡ
֣۳֪ħһɫĻ棬˸˸Ǽ׸ǵָս, ħ, ּȺеײһ
޸ов
֫, ֻɽһɽѪȾɽƬαĽսٵ߰, ɽŲ, Ӵȥ
һչ, ɽӹнỮɽг룬һ·Ƶɨȥֱи޵ƣʹһѪȻӲϵһĽ档
еĽ˳ջ, ȴûмٶ, ΢ֿ۽ֵѪ֮䣬ۿħȼ, ޱ˺Ƽ᲻ɴݵıƤ
ָǵּ׷ּΪӲ֮Ħô̶
簴סԷԵʯ˺һӡԶѵּûκαʾħ˵ҪܾòŻ᳤õˡ
ޱסһ޷ö˻ηҪ˦ȥֻӿħ
¡
ޱѹƵöãȥ룬ͬ𶯲ѡ
еĻԽԽ㣬ֲɱ¾֮Ƕ£ذѾ޽ıƤ˺Ҳȼһɫħ棬Χѵּףָͽ˾޵ڡ
Ѫһͳ˾ڲһӲץӲ͵ذ˳·ӿ鴤ѪصѣɽһĹȥ
ܾû͹ֵĸʴˣֶˡ
ߣеĻ⻹δϨħʱӾħӾῪܿ¶Ⱥķֲ
ɨһзɫԲ飬ûʲô顣µľѸٿʼʧһ塣
ɨһǾʬ壬ݰܵɫɫĻƣߺȻסˡ
ķֲǸҩˣ
ƳҩӦ˲Ŷԣ޷ʴȾôת־ޣ
󶼻Լǰӣ֪顣һҲЩԪʬ˲ˣϴνûô죬ʱϵæƺġ
ԣûмԪʬģ
˼Ƭ̣һ£ʮ˵ӰתһΪȴаڷ־ԽȴаҲΡ
һ£̤ʱδǾʬ壬ǵֽӡһ֣һɵ籡̵İ׹ϡ
תϵƼٻָţϵħҲѹȥϨ
һ庮´л֪ķӰһģһġ
Ҽһ¡ʶطעϵˣҪħԼʧȥƵġǸˡ
俴þûôˣûܿס
֣һ΢ڣƽΪսڵѪҺ
һžһë˳ΣǱ¶ȸŪ÷ʣ³һŵҲû뵽·ϻײⶫԪʬֵú̫Ƶˡˣ㿴ʬ塣
˵仰ͬʱʶϢ֪ǲͶԼ֪Щʲô
ĻƿߣǾʬҲһ£Ȼû俴ħӾҲڵһʱ˲Ծ
ǰ̧һӣһʬһȦƳڵҩ
ˣͫײһ£͵͵صôܱʴء
Ŀ⣬Ӱżɽصֻʮ꣬һûмȾʬӡԪʬҪصĸʴŻǲʲô£ûиң
תͷ
ĬƬ̣磬Ҹø¡
ǰһ۾˵
ޣй¶һ˿ɱ⡣˲оϵı仯ĿǰĹϵ˵䵭ôֲؿ
챻ץסɫͫעӹѵҶѻꣿ
ŵؾ˵ѻʵϴרжϡƵ˵ڵĳ̶ȣ֪ܵһС
һͣ˺þãס֣ѵػһ£磬㲻Ҫôףҡ
ǰ˼˱˴˵۽ޣ÷ǳͫ׸ֳߵĮȻ·һ˲ҧĺ
ñ𷴿ҡ˵
޴ӷȫ̱ҵ£Ĺβϸϸɫ˿ߣÿһϸϸǼϸ塣
Ӱһ˲ʶط𣬵Լѹȥû˵䣬ٵشобش̽Ԫ񣬺һѪ
ǵ屻ѹƵķɡ
Щ˿߳ȡԪһ߽ԺѶϢһطſ̼֡ڵϣͷ³һѪֱۺͼϣЩϸϸ˿ߡ
ȷʵûз
ܵĻ˾ͬѻҲᱻѻɣأ˼пͬʱԪˡ
Щϸϸ˿߳ˣôߵѪ
ʴϢģһ߻ҩˡǰٻһ¸صʿģͬʱλʿί𣬽ǾҩһΪпܾԪʬԭ
ոձնɱԪʬͷҩģŻչֳҩ
Ϊʲôңʡ
ⶫǰٻȵͽоġɤ΢ƣΪԼгֻǻŵҩˣȴû뵽ǾҩЯžиʴԵֻ߲Ĵ֡磬߻ҩԭʼֶأڽ֮ǰ˭Ҳ֪жǿ᲻ҲܲסȾֹ
ԼȥҡٶȻһ£߲ļ䵱УȷʵԷܳһʱڵ鶼ƣҪʧأ
Ҳʧ֡˵һҳʲô¡㻹ܳҴϣΪҪĹ֮һ֪ԸҲȥ¡
Ƭ̣ʱ³ɼΪҲ֪ʲô㱻ʴˣҲ̯ӵġԪʬ಻ҵĴǺѾӽǾ߻ҩˡ
³һҲûвã޷ѹֵԴȪʱû취̫ྫȥѰҡ
Ȳɡǻʧõ࣬е޿κε̾˿̵ֻʱ䣬ڼƽ飬ģûи޲Ҫʲô
һûлȥҡˡ
䲢⣬ְҪҪҴģһţӵ˶øҹ¡
ΪʲôҲ벻ͨʱ
乴𴽣ŵȫȻʧΪǻȲ
ЦˡҪҲңѵҿ
ĥһ֣̲סЦˡ

л֪ۡ
һ׹ɨȥ͵صһƽ̨ϣϺХķһпգ֮䣬ʯȫȻӦʱͱˡ
ǰǲãĴѩѩɫסǧҰ
ǰһСŮӰú췢űӣŽſϣƺԶĵƻڵˡ
ɵ˵ʲôʱ㻹ƭ˵÷ǡԣÿζԲѡ
·ýһ˵ײССԹ˵
л֪һѩ׵ڣʶԼʲôʱˡڴ˿̣Ժһ
˵ĸԻ

Ļþôҡ
ôôת̾Ϣһǧǰʱ㣬վӦңҼĴԪһһǣҲǿеˡ
δֽţֱɡ
Լ̫Ул֪˵Ҳ׿ȨΪʲôǱߣˣ˵˵֪˭ˡ
л֪һ¡
˼÷ɿ죬Թ֮˼еĺ壬ڸһĻ
Ůһ£ɵʲôЦѽ
ҪҲȾͼȥȥԽ˵Խľ㲻ߣӦס
齥ͷľϣۣ̾˿
ɵǺαءиҵġֻиҡ
Ĳֳɫ·ɢϢ
˵ûԼµѾɾˣҲزסɵұ¶ʴļȻ˳µѵǣ뿪ߣ̫ˣ̫ˣ᲻㲻ɱңﻹΪ취
Բ²ҸҲɱ㡣
ɵô֪ģҸûлҩ˵κôã㶼޲ΡҲ²£ǲǷԼҲϢʴˣ
л֪գգۣ¶Цݣص᲻ңҲ᲻ðɹֻõˡ
л֪ûлش𣬶ô
صܡ
£ǲԵùͷˡл֪رŭˡʱ򻹰֧ߣսѣȨ֪ʲôҪһԸ͸
ûлӦֻ˵ѿȨҡ
л֪ٿ侲һ£ڽһ֮䣬»ʵ塣
ûж֣ȥĵطƺ÷ǡɵֻһ·ˣɱңɹøһػþȥʹûֻ࣬衭ò̵Ľְ
ġ֮ǰѾúһУԶǵҡҲᡭԶһġ


55 
Ŷʲô, ɵǶûκİ취, Ҳûжʱ, ʵ֪ϲҪġ
ؿ
ҪʲôأָҪ㲻һ, Ҫõƫ, ʱ㻹ٵֻʣˡĺһΪ, һ, ŬŮҲװ͵ӣάҡ
ⲻļҡ
ҵļҡ˵ҵļҡ
ǾҩˡҲֻһʱĸĺӡؤ죬ججرλʿߡӸ¿ʼ, ֪ԼҪԷǳпʹܴǸʿϵõһػ
֫, ӵ档ѸöҩͿ, õ̳󷨺, ÿɵ, ʿͻͷ, ˵ŮҸǳԡ
⻰˺ö飬ûʿеõһǹҪǣֻҪĸԷŮ
ԽԽ, ϿʼáȻϣɤ˻ơǸŮӡһʱøĹÿμʱֻľ̾Ȼûõġõģ
ʱ̴ڼ尾У棬ÿһ綼Ť컯ͬˮһûεȥͷ֡ʿȴɿض㿪ˣ˵һΪΪģ
ֲ˹ª
Ҫٹˡʿüҵҩˣ֮ⱾûʲôãӦҵ
סˡ
룬һֱģһֱֻۣθⲻ̣ܽٴοȥԼķ˿ҪܵĴУһĸ׵¶ȡڸԺǻ㱸ֳһֻǣ߹С֣β÷ǵĽ
ĽŲͣһ¡ĸ׶Ҫ÷𣿡ҵͷʲôȸܵܵģԼҪ̫ᱻ˵ǮҪӵСʲô˼Ȼغ¡
ĸ״ӷµĿڴ˺ܾãֻͳһͭ塣ŸȥǣݸŮСؿܾãڰֽĸ͵͵ĨᣬվﲻҪ뿪ɵصͷ
ĸҲûл
ž
ҩ˵ʿûͷǲͷشһƣҲ㻹浱ԼŮˣ
ؿŶԷɫĻӿظ֣ļŤֱ۱մص˹ȥסʿĲӣ쾪ֵߵУ֣Լͷϡ
ҪʲôȻҷңҶָܡ
֮ڶһֶûųϵֲ˲䣬૵ظԼ˵ԣٹһӸˡ˵ҪǳԵġ
ҩ˵ĶߡǸʿҡҡλεվ־ޣȫʴ컯ˣֺǵسߣ򸽽ĳ
Ժǰΰѣججز϶ءֱѧڲԼϵĸʴϢǵһһСƤңǴԼϡ켣ÿһؤУϳ˺ۣÿһֻҵľۼģһʬ塣ֻгŮ·ʱŻ̧ͷ̽ૣס
Ӹ
˯ѡҲӣʮꡣֻҵĵԽԽ٣òײŰǵһСƤңԼ˽ȥ˯ǽǻָѾʧһΣŮ˵ĽŲֱһ˫ͻȻԼǴγһ˺۵Сܲ
Ů˵
⺢Ӻ񻹻Ű˵СǵԼĶ˳ְͻȥ
̧ͷģؿһ˫ɫ۾
ǵˣе⣬ǲǲ˵ҳáŶˣŵˡ
ҪСŮݵǰСͻȻסĲϣ߶߶˵סˣҲҪˣҷǶҷʲôҪˡ
һ£̽ŸסıȻСŮһͷʶ˵ûû£ް
ļӲһ£ȻʼôҲֹסݱΪޡ
Ժһ䰹βˡ
ѩ׷ɣûж֣ɡ
ǣûбˡ˵֪ݵʱ͸뿪ǵġô뿪أɵɱҰɡ
ſֱۣۣ΢Ц˵ѾйһˡҪ˵ҲǹģҺֻܰ벻˵Բ
Ĭؿ̧֣סȴа
նȺаı֣Сǵһˣһûл֪κý涴˸ؿڡ
һ̣л֪֪ΪʲôҪԼˣԼ֡ľҵĽսл֪δش򲻹£ȴƶδµ֡
ŮӿѪ
߬½ϵĸʴϢ޵ֿرȴаնûŻѪ϶˵Բ𡭡Ҳ֪ô㡭Ҳ֪ôܣȾȡס
³һһ취ģһġ
ʲôٽȥл֪Ҳ֪ˡԼεɱ۰ĺӣӾͲ̫ã趼ġ
ʲô취ӡİ취л֪
Ǻܹ֣ûʱˡһ˵ţһ̧֣ϸֳһĨɫѸȥҲֹܱ̫ˣ粻ϲҵġ
л֪㡭
òķôоֻзħѹĻþֻԽǡԽŭҲпܳûԪֳԺĻþΪһ壬ûôңֻҡ
Ǻαءл֪鸴ӵصò㡣
ֻҡǧꡭ̫ˣĺ꾫治֪жٸ徻
л֪һ£ꡭôԼ
ֻȻǶʱΪǰ䶯˲㲻ɱʵк˵ᷢʲôӹǾ仰ƽˮؼΪ㸲ҵ̫ˡ
˶Ի֮Уǰķѩʧʱ䱻µ˻ǰֻʣһֻ̡
л֪壬Ȼ֮䣬Ķһ˲ʧȥƣָһ˲£ʲô˼
ǰֳӰһβǻþǷǳĲлӰƽؿҶʲôã磬չҵת־ᣬС󣬺׿ơϰڤ̫֮һѸ֪ȫƥĽñڤ顮⡯䵽壬ǿӼ㣬ǲǾͺܸ˵
Ȼ·һ£͸㡣˵Ļ꣬ģҵģ½üĿĮȻصл֪˵ģͬһˣҵֻҪʱʣʱת𣿡
Ѿҵֻ̣κһԶһģǰңǺҡ
Ļߵлָлֱ֪ϣӰл֪ûķŭη壬Ҳûоʧ룬һһָеƿЦʣԸΪ𣿡
ԸΪκ¡˵
л֪ûк֮ˣɴֻϵĹâδɢӦûʱҲûκεǣֱӵȱ£λоƣûиоȱʲô
ޱؿٵػš
ΪоѪ֮ġѪݴͣΪ֣ĵƼأ£һһ飬ҲƾƳɡ
л֪һ£˵ûֻѾҵˡֻҪĲϡһǡ
Ŀ΢ͣжһ¶Էαл֪һл֪ûôͨαװԼÿһ䶼ġ
£лƽ͵صʵֻѡһǵĲ֮þҲڻþһһǣװ㡣һҵȻһǣΪҪģʼնò
סļӰڼͷ˹ȥл֪۾ȻõõΪʲôңû˵ȻӦ֪ġл֪ڿ˵ҪҲҪ̹أҲǸͷ¶βƭӣ
ɡл֪ȴûʲô仯Цһ£º͵صǰ㲻ܸӣʱʾҾΪɣܿϧ£ľúܿϧ
̾
һ˵úܶ໰Ҳ˵Ǿ䣬Ϊκ¡㰮ԸΪҲáȥҸʹ


56 ϼ
Ĭͣԭ, һ¶ԷԵα
˰ر˴˶ţ档
Ȼл֪̾˿˵, ʵ, ˭ûԸ
Ӱл֪Ϊһ, ҲûתĻˡһһҲǸһ, ֻ̺Ż˶ݵ֡
Ըڿڡ
л֪и, , ͳ谮, Ϊʼհл֪Լⷽķʼսһý顢һ˵ٲп㣬ʵûӹ˱ƫ̼˲ʧصǼΡ
л֪ӦʲôԸ
л֪ҡҡͷʲôû˵ڴʱ, ֻϹâռ䷢һŤ, ȵʱȫʱл֪ǰӰҲʧ, صߡ
Ťתƽ̨³һӰ
ǰֻ֮ǰŶֹһ飬ħĵĸоȷʵܺ, ʹֻֻķòҪȥκһߣرľǣһȫ˼Ǻ󣬻ûиĶκ״
ҪŤתʲô, л֪Ūûˣǿ̫ˡ
˾飬ɵش˸ǷƳһۻеûعлСʱתˣ㰲ȻݵĳӦûиıʲôɣ
һ˵һ̧֣˸ָħ˲仯Ϊ˿߲ȥֻڿƬ̣ĳħһһڸǣϲκλ棬
ڷʩ˵䣬ԴӰ쵽ˣѲɵֻء
ûСʲôûл֪ˣץס֣û˦ͣƬַ̣Ž˻
ôԣ䷴һ£лָ֪ǣ˲ա
⶯еˣʱСֻҪѻŴʵ
£л֪Ҳˡ˲ֻ֣̣Ȼؿס֣ʮָ£ֻһѾлΪȻһ޵΢졣
ˣ׼ʲôʱƣĲ˹ˣҪһѪգ»в㡣
ġ䵹ǲģҾ״õúܰôȶʲô̼ң
л֪ĿפãðβƿħǲϾ͡
Ƶ׼һ¡ƲŵϾһС£ԲѰ˵ֻǵָ֮䣬Ѵ֮Щϡرħֻ̣飬ҲҪﱸòܿ졣
л֪ͷһ
ͬԤϵģڷֻ̺ȷʵҪﱸһʱܿʼΪһµʱ䣬ڼ䣬СĳҲܸϡ
ħǽҲָԭ״սͣЪһֺûʲôͣ͵Уһľ֢ˣÿһ˶ڴܡе㵣ĺµħú׼
׼õһȵġࡱ
⾲ףѻ֮⣬ûʲô˴˵Ӳ֮򿪴ϵֶͣˡ
ǷųЩѪָܵʾл֪һֱϣôǰǸƺϵɱЩͻ컯֮ʱ⵽˵Ϊѡ
ǵʱܺ˵ֻҪС׳һ೤ǣͿʼдͷּ⣬ħ׭ӣдĲɾ͸
±˯һǱһĴŪѵġʵɨȥƯֳβͱһ˫ϵ¡⵽ڣһظ

һӾˣ˳˫ƶ˳һݵӹȥл֪ʹŵ
һ˫üīЦʱ·ǧѩ¡˿ҲûЦ۾״Ŵı䣬º͡һζ
Ѳ³л֪ʲôûԼǴǿ߸ߵһĹػ
лָ֪˳ŹǷ¸ƽɱʱβ͹⻬޺һƷβ䶾ĵطϸ壬ǧóĴ
̽ضûг
Էƺע⵽ˣδͣ
л֪ļѹγһƯĻߡлĺڷùӹ̶ĽǶȿֻܿķֱͦıͷס˹βĩˡ
䣺
תͷ˿գܲûڣһӣҲԲл֪ôѵʱ򻹵ü˳۵β̫ͣǴ߳ˡ
̲סˣβһгһࡣ֧򥿴ȥĿȤζתתȥ˵һ䣺Լĵλˣ
л֪֪˵ġûʲôȱ㣬ǿһϲԼǿȱʲôƿصλϣǿӲ̬ȥԴˡʵϣл֪һ˦ˣ䶼δػ
šл֪ȻûŵġС齡
С齰һ鼮ļӣֻһ˵ĵطխл֪Ҫֻ˳·Ȳࡢ´һϣ¶ļͷĻ
㶵ûز
סл֪򥣬ĥ͸ضң
ûС
ţʲô𣿡û˵һ仰ڣǼ鼴
л֪ˡ
׼õʻصûģһɲȻԵظоһĪԵɣܾﲻһˡȥɰһˣ˿ɰġ
л֪˵仰˸סںĵԣۼʾԵôˡĬҧ´Ȼȥ
ǳ׵׵زȥˡ˵໥ĦO@ϸ΢졣°ҵؽһ͸˱ϣܸо¡̵Ϣ
һڻϿ˱ڳһˮҺ妵ʪյģʲô³أ
л֪㲻ϲ𣿡
ִٵػе㲻˼ˣһ˲ͷᣬ˼Ϣ۹ҡǣҲǲϲ
л֪Լǰ͹ˣʲôʵѾ̫ںˡ¶ȣ˶ûĻϢǰηЫʹħ˿̰ȫеԴ
͵͵ػһ䡣
ƽ֡߱һЩеĳƺл֪ɤȻһɲ繵ζע£һŲϢ΢ظĴ
һǣҲ֪ﻮ˶á
лֶ֪еŵط꣬û˿ȥͷ˾롣
㡭ǸʦֶûˣҰæһգӦúܺġһ£Ȼʾ֭ػл֪ܻ£˵ᴵ߷һţⲻͦᴵģʲôû˵ҾͲµˡţôе֡
磬ΪԼġл֪Խ֣ȥϣܶسƺȷ᲻ķУֻǺ˵һ䣬ӺˮĴ˵ܸܲ㡭
Ŀתؿ
ϼΪ¡
Ӧл֪˵󵨵һ仰ˡ
ϼظһ£ħ岻֪İɣֻӵ㣬ֲ㣬Ҳûôϲ㣬ôᡭǣް
Ǽ˹ˡл֪ǰ̶ׯҧʣҲû۸˼ңôԽԽˣ˵һ룬лջĿ⣬һգ۾͵ᣬزˡ
翴ôίе㲻֪ôˣæȣǣҲǸ˼еѶȣӱȽѣҼлλҪ̳УܾġѽԹԲ˰ϲģϲġ
ֲл֪ϵۣ΢ȵβȢòãǸ˭ѧõġ
л֪ŴᣬȻ˵ұӡ
ô˵лҲǻʿⷽʱصǡû棬˳ˣĻУԺҡ
δ䣬ͷӦʱɲΪʱлֳ֪ҧһڣĴָҧһȦĳݺۣ᲻ҧֲ˲֣˵Ķ⡭ˡ


57 Ը
һȦۼ,ӡǳƺܿͻȥǺۼ
˭óĺޡ˵˳ĻʻغЦͺ𣿡
㡣л֪ϣá
ʲô˵ʡ
л֪ĬעԷ,Ѿ֪ˡ練ûô,ִһ˵Ļ,ķ׷ݵĻҲǻԵĲ֡
Ļ,ļ򣺡Թ֮ǰ,ǡκĲҵԺÿ춼ܿġ
֮ǰеĪ,ָıҷֲ塭
ת˾³һЩҪĺ⡣ıꡢƣôĲ,ʹһǨŭ,֪ôõ,Լĺ,Լİ
ûϵġл֪˵ûжġֻǲҪҡб˵ˡ
,ղָ,һֻ㹻˳С
丧ա
,ڸоǰҲûôһˡĻûô۽΢´һ㣬л֪ȥжȥצֻҪ,ͻԶôضԴԼ
۽޺ܳ۲ʱ˾ø˳оһɺİȫУл֪˺Լùڼ԰,Сл·ߵһֻСè䣬ߵ˳ſˣ˳ļߡ
ġشҲûô񡭡ô԰ġ
л֪شִֻչȥЩ飬ûô̽ˣֻɽš۽޾ǰΪŶʶ΢⶯һ˫ɫ۾ֺɫϣȻЩ
俴ӽо΢ϴꡭе㳢ȡˣϢ˳زСڵ

ʶ˿ĭְסл֪ļûסֱ۽һ²ָ
ֻѾΪ鵽ͨˣ˰죬סգ޳ָĲϣȻͽȥǡͻԼġܵĵߡ
ӵȴ뿴л֪ôԣʲôزͿ޶ԣлʵڲó
ļ򣬴ֿ͵͵ص㡭ûôϲ𣿡⻰ǴĶ˵ģŶԼŵĻǹⶺģҪЦ˲ʶԷĿרעǶԴĳԸ֮
Ļ߶˶٣˵ǣǣͦϲġ
л֪˿
ץϵϣǵȥ
õһֱ﷽ʽʲôʣͬ׼һԼ׳ȥ
ֻҪԸ⣬ɬıал֪ŪôֲĺȡɾڻᡣǸĵˣֻǱŶԷСԼ
ֱл֪ܲˣȻ˿
ôˣ
ҧԼˡ˵ҧġ
̫ɰˡûסЦһ飬װ۵ӣҧĶˣҿ
֪л֪ûҧԼֻ̫ˣҸڶѡ
ô˵е㲻ÿڣ˵˾䡰û¡Ǳס򥣬㲻òſ죬촽ڲ˿ڡ
ҧƤˣеðѪ顣
е
û뵽ҧԼˣ㶣ôôġ
л֪ҧˡ
һҧңҵƤҧƣôݶûѽԹԡ
һ˵һ߿סĺԴȥסħҺ˿ڣʱʺϲ¡
л֪ֽϤĽˡ׵еͷΣǻ˺ۼˣٴʹЦʣôˣ
л֪׵ʱ벻ˣ˼ƫƫȥôţûôԼҲҰ㣿
ǡ
ˣĥһȻѶȱȽϸߣҪ޸ҵĻûǸһɣ
л֪㡭
ŶҲҪھͽܵ˼뵽ħ幹죬ûͦѵģ΢취Ȼֿġ

л֪ûȥˡ
û²˵ȥǿַʽһ£ǲ΢ֲһ죿
л֪ס졣ñĴ
עܿͱˣȷ뷨ȫȫذԵ

պ
˵ʲôҪĸϼ
žһյĲ˵ϣǿڶûðŷ˳
ǣ㣬ôģȻȷʵûܵ˼Ҳ֪Լʱ޶ɣͷ˻Ϊɢҡҡ
л겻ȫһԵĶĬĬز䣬Ҿ˵ͻȻҹûʲô£ܲҪ߸ҰŮҪһᱻڵġ
Ťͷһ۶ģҾ³ȡƼܵĹг²ģл֪˵㡣
ԤǰûĵлӵԪȻĲģôź磬ȴ궼ȱһ飬ûŰɣֲûܹˡԪô׷ݹ׷ˡ
л֪һȲ裬鵹Ǻƽһ˼ţһŶĵĻͷ
ʵһʼҲ˵һҽιл۾ۼŮʲô̬ȵġܿʹлʶҲͬģûκηͲʡ
л֪˵ĲܺñʲôҪζλ˫ħϴϷѲɵرԭΡȫؿԼÿǻһݻٱˣҪǡԸһ̤컯֮ǿһＸǧꡣ
Ĳȱɱ¾ԹޣЩһءһľΪûħضѴʵ̫ϧˡ
ֻҪĿЩͶӭжˡ
ҴǰҲ֪л֪صǽҵġ
塢常˫һ˵˭
¡л֪
Ѿ
ǡû͸л֪ôе㲻常һһǣŶҲҵһһǣԺЩþһ𡣵ˣڻþеҲΪƶɢһҲǹһ壬ʼա
𾪵˵
л֪ȴûйʲô飬ҪĿʵǼġȻʶŵѳ̹ʡҸ嵨˶֢һ֮⣬ûбĲס
ӻͳһ̫֮õ飬һرɫĵ⸲ŷϡ
дšл֪йڽƽʦֶ£ǡϣļܴһ£ϴѪծ۵ԴɵǼµʼĩʮɽйغĸѪ֣֮඼³򣬾дҲǻþʹ಻
ҪµĴɡǧǰ޲£Ҳдˡ֮Ӧûг֪ҵԸԽתݵһԡˡǸŵѵĴл
һӡŷʯĽзϡ
ҵԸ֮һֻҪԸҾͻִȨ˳øԷΪ֤
ô໰ŵܾˣû£ðβ૵ԸҿԸɡôָһ˴㡭
ֻ㹻գĸԸرʹл֪˭վߣ˭ϵȨˣǱʺܻĽףʿ֮͡
ģ
֪ΪʲôͻȻһΪµлֶҲܿ°


58 װ
л̾˿,ֻ˵֣ǽӹõţ΢һ,,˼ˡ
ûл֪Ļ˼﷢µػһ,˵常ڡ
ûѡ񡣡л֪,ֻһĨлѣﱻѹ,ôǱоΪ˰ɡ㲻Ҫһġ
֪˵ÿһֶеһθол֪ϳ˿˵ĿĥѪȥ㡪
ʱ¶ҵĵ⣬ôл֪ҪǺĻҲ԰ҵһ
,öۼֿ챧ס,Ѻ˶лûʲôصͷȲ衣
⻰˵ֱǾˡǿز˲,û뵽̺ͽܵл֪ͱ˵ôݡ
Ŀǰ״,˵Ǻ,ֻҪԸѲͱһš
Ȼ˿ջ˻ȥ,Щˣ˵ҪĸϼΪʲôŮĵ¡ǲʮħÿһħͷܼ죬ֻʣһ̯ӡ
ҶҪˣ鷳Ҳͦõ𣿡
л֪شܹѵ
Ҫ鷳ɲԸ񡣡ʶ죬ҿʼжˡ
ǸľԴȴµ˰˳ɡ˼ҾǵŮ׶ѣʲôλλģڹСл˵̫ס߷Ǻܿµġ
ϼ֮󣬶ʱͲܸ˽ͬĵˡлֽ֪һ΢ס򥣬ĸعѣ𣿡
ι㲻Ҫ̫ˣĻһִˡҲ֪Ƨôл֪ŪôƢģ˭عأ
ʵˡл֪ӦҽΪˡ
ΪûиҪ֪˶á
Ҫ֪յƾˡ
һҭʣµĻʻȥƵĺαϣס
Ҳ̫ġл֪૵ΪһԼԼأܼ꣬Ҳܼ£ʿ˵ָһ˲ˡ
˶ûٿڡ
л֪ΪɢԪȫҪת²Уϴ֮͸ˡԡͲѰٸ֮ġ
ΪɢȷʵѾɸѡ˺ܶ෽ˡ֧˼ҪܲȫԪ񣬻
ĲлŮĻþﰡ
ǳ׵Ļڶʮ֮󡣡ʿ˵ʱԲִ٣˵ϣ̫֣ҵġ
ƾʲô
Ϊ˵ң̫˿һẦ¡
򣺡
ˣл
û¡ֻǵڶѡҪֻҪԸͲʲôźˡҸýӦѾ࣬ʱ򣬾иλˡ
л֪վ̧˸

л֪ҪͻȻӵﱸļλħڻ㱡һͷˮе㲻š
诺ܾؿԼ˫֣ţһ˫ɱСֵս֣ʱڸʲôȻ޼ӣôϲѪȵɫ
û취Ůϼʽ֮һл֪أҲһҪ΢˼ЩĻϲáŮĶǼһҪֵģħ䡪ΪŮ£ǼλŵĲ˵ħЦ
ԾЩףڵļλħʵʵԭأ춼ѧ廨
ɼʶʱΪܡ
Ҫħʵ򵥣뺯ȴû٣˶ֻ˽мλ֪Ů˼ʲôģƺǲ졣
ȷʵħǧһʢ¡
գħĽ쳼أȻҲкֻ·ͻȻеֲемܲסƱ仯˼
䵹ûúͻȻ
֧ס򥣬ħūΡħĳȢ˵ʵһҪȴһ˵һл֪ϿʡԣһŪҪԼ壬αء
лƽʱؾżһ֮⣬ûװΡȻŶԷϵָǸָһԶģҲһ
ʵϣֻл֪ͷϵװΣֻҪܹϼˡ
Уù·ĿȻģʲô͸Ϊ£Ҳ̫ˡ
л֪תһȦСлÿƯüֱеͷˡְֱӽл֪ڻ
Ǹù𣿡
һһ߾Ҫ鿴л֪һס֡һ˲߬ס֣ð³һˡòײŴõġ
Ҵǰֻ˵ܸȤصû
˵ħϰΪ˽ܵݣǴϹĴͳлɫ۵ĵ£һЩʾȨװΣһЩȽԹ̶Ӧ÷ôһ
ֻǿ価Ե޺ϼ֮ҲҪֲģһʲôϵ
л֪ǲŰװá
ǰһɰŪԵһͿôɰ˵ߵͷԼ˵ɰĴԽԽˣͿһۡл֪ƫͷûͬ⣺С
Ϣ֮ס˹Ըһ
ءšһָų۵Ĳϴ˴꣬Ȼһ۽ǣȸӴȻ˹죬˳϶ɨһۣŶôҲ
Ϣ͵عϺͼ֮ŵһҡ
л֪ʶطסļİһסߣ˵ǣȻŪ·
еǣе㾪ȣΪֻһʱġ
ǣһžͻᡭлִ֪ȥһӣһһ۵صû㿴


59 
ĺʲô,˶ںǸʲôۣл֪Ҳ̫Ŀ֮,ָ,ʺѪҺС
Ůô
ǹټʿΧ޶ࡣΪ˱ŵѵİȫ,ĸԱߡ
װû,һԵỹҲе졣ҪŮ˫֪,ͨ㹻ħȥս,زζ˵Žи¡
֮,˫ѪҺںһڳںʱ,ֽҳȼһ,ֽȫյڰγһŽ֯·,˫ġ
Ȼ֮,л֪һĪĸӦ,оԼԼģҪϸʱ,ͻȻʧ
ӦǺĵЧ
˹ĺϼʽ֮,ҪѭһЩħĴͳһ,ʮʱ㲻еĿˣл֪ƺ۵ģ͸ƣ룬ɴߣûٺȥ
ؾôȵħľƳ,ʵҵúܣСлۿû΢һ£֪ҲŲסˡ
һ̣ҲŮ˷ڵɫסˣĬĬؿлǣߣȻžһţϷֹҵĵ˻Ρ
л֪Ǳˡ
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ϾҼġ棬ʵҲѾˣѾɼˣĽûʲôȤҪܡ
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֮૵ԼûκĿڣе޷ŵطųʶԪ
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Խǿ,Ժеʹ֮ᣬյĿڷԽܡͬʱ,ƾͼת,תųɹ
ûչⶫˣ˦ƣ־,ʣл֪أ

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ѹס꣬ѻʱ˳ŶԷĿ⿴˵յյ⻪ǧöı𽥵ظǰ
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ָԽо˵ƹӳŵڱڣһɺʸУƺŴ̲һ˿ĴϢӡģǹʵأС˺ܶ顣
Ժհ˺ܾá
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ͷǿӡڤ飬͸л֪ġʱֻл֪һý顢һĶ
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62 
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ûһˣûĻҲûƭһΡ־صѾ޷ƭˣͷĻᶼʶǶֻҾáࡣ
ͫ΢ʶĸ䷴׷ȥָƬ޵ĻӰǰķ˿ֻǶԴл֪ģҲǰƵס֣л֪Ϥķʽ
ǰ˵̫޷֮֮ڲˣںǸıˡ˵ϲĿġ㳤̫ҿʱû취й¶ϲˣ㲻İɣõĴûʧҺ㣬Ҳ㣬Ƕ˭ĺޡ˭İǸͲҪ
ıԶƽ򶨵ÿһ˼̵ˡһĪġҪŻµĸоõİҲıϢʹ߱ڵ̷
̷Ҳǡ
ס죬ǱҪ㿪޼£߬ÿһɢĻ鶼ڷûĳȻǣϣȻ顭ǳٵ̫õı
˵ץһûСϢİ⣬.ǻȥĤŪ˳ס
ؿܣû֣ͣҪ׳Ե˺óһԱʳĴ࣬Ⱞ֮ĽӴȻ޵඼Ťʹֱɿ֣赭д˵һ
л֪
ˡ
ŰɫӰһŶͷƵطѩ׵½ǸסԼ飬֮ͬǰ˵Ǹ룬ȫ޷ˡ
ԱߣƵط˵öԡһˣ㿴µӶôơ
īڵĳɢͱ׽ŪһƬǽ塣
˵Ƚ¶һЦ⣬Ϊôõң˵ؽ㣬ôһûУҽб˵ֶѣûҪһ㣬һ߽л֪
һֻסա
ִٵشּԵĴСⲢ־ĸԴ־ѶԱ˵İʩϣôһ㣬Ըȥˡ
㿴Ҳܲǰл֪ƵصҲһˣûҪӦɣ
ס˺
֪˵ʲô˵̫һˣҲ󷨺ܿܰڽǿڼ䣬Ϊѵ㵱һҷйѹĹ߰ɡӦûã𣿡
俿Էȴ˿Ʋס˰硣
ôңġ˵ģл֮ҲһҪ㣬ƭңԶд۵ġ
˹ĻУǿڰյıڤ֮ǰֿס˰½޵ĺѾΪߡ壬ܻһַʽʹõȤ
ӳɫ˿ߣѻϸܴл굱Уϵÿһ綼ҵ΢


63 ƹ
Щɫϸӽ,ġҪڻĻǵС
ħϢϢ
ȵģ̵,.еġĺ¶ȡԪʹ,ÿһ˿ÿһû塣
һֱڷƬѩ׵Ϊò,ǱԪ񴥽˺һѲЩѾ쵽ĸǻһýʹظŻ,ͺθȥһŻ
ʲôԪ˿ߡĲлһСЩ޵ġࡱ,Щ޵ġʹȫеԺ,֪ԼûЩ,ȴ˿Ӫļĥ
αװ˱Ƥ⡢пθ,ӵ̽ûһ˿ݲصءԼҪ,ÿһ䶼׷Ź
ڻ,Ƿ,ֻܵбٵĴǵĳͷ,ʵʹ࣬ɵʹյȫաⲻǳͷ,ֻһĵŪ̬⵽Ҫ裬·,ɻһҪˡһ˼л֪Ĺߡ
ųЩɫ˿ߣܵرȻԽ,Խ˺˺ԺÿһĴĻһŻҡ
䷭ļ䡣
˼ͬʱʱһĻĻ
ɽ·Զ;ͬаɡ
ѵ㿴ħ壿
ħΡѵ㿴Һϲѡ
ǰΣգ˵󡭡㣬ôôǿôң
һ£ֻõô֪֡һֻϣһѾ֮
磬ôҲ˯Ű
磬ɡܵġķϻһ׺ۣҲûãҡ
硭֪֮ʤǧ׵ġ㲻ÿοҡ
ô˳Цǿ硭
ƽ񣿡
Ӱ˿߲ţͬʱ˵Ժﶼһڵʡ
ѵ㿴
ѵ㿴Ҷ㡭ôôء
ŻѪĻʱѾ¾ͷһѪڲأһһ걻áƿеĺ÷һһؿήţեĻڡ
Ҫ
ҪҪȥˡܾЧԪúһ·ףԺѹƵʥҲĶ˺עİҲע
ѵ㿴
Ĭ࣬һ԰˾׵İ˳ʲôû˵Ҳûκ֪
Һܰ㡣
ѵ㿴Һܰ㡭
ĴͣˣϢĸоϣһֺãȻĻ㱡ĸоЩԪ˿߷һƤࡣ
ʲô͸ˮˡ
ᡣ
£ˡðĿǰ״ȥӡħŮЩ
ǰǰҪҪٻʱϸһ£ҲǰΪʲôͻȻŮȷʵΣû
ʱ䣬ûôʱ䡣
ڱڤ򸾵ľǰһ滰Ҳ޷ڣԸһðȥĬĻᡣµͷ˺Щװ˳ȾİȾˡʵĳ˽òǰαװǸԼ
.
ҪٿƣҪռĿֻԼϡԼʱɱᵽԷ֣Ҫֻ˵ǧ꣬Ĭҡ㣬Ҫʱܳߣһ֣˵Ķ֮һҪŨҵİҲĺޡ
ҪЩҪľľпƶǷĵɫ̣һƿ˵İɫϣ߰ʴǧٿס
Ժ뷨ûңÿһ˿;ӣһ˽ա

һҲûмźѾڻһ˿ʧ޷ֹֻʣ»۳еᣬֻʣ¿Ҫռڲÿһ˿ߡ
ֻޣǰĽ¸һûżָⷢزȥᣬЩȴ͸ָ졣ĳӼͷ亹ܾܲεľʹǱ.һ
ɿ
û̧ͷҲ޷Ŀӡ˿̵Ŀ֣ƺΪһֿµĿ̣ȫҴĿпܡҿʾĺ۵׵ĳŪӡ
Ԫ˿ͣ
ȡлεǾ仰ٿšǿԺҲֻ뵽һ䡣ɪضܣǻؿھҵԺֻʣһ仰
˵
Ը⡣ȻвԸȥߵʱ򡣵Щڲ˿ȴǣһ߿ܡ
һֱóġҲ֪
ǣһ¸ϻҳѵǰÿһɵĿҪɢڴ˿˹ǰ
ִɫ˿߲סҵͷԪܶһĨĲлκ£ǿȵק̧ͷĿ⡣
硭
ǵĲԶֻһδ̫ʱֻıӰ
俴˵
һ̽뵽ǻ˿·𴩹ʺٿࡣľӶòӣݱ¶Ҳܷһ.ʡ
˿߰ŪԺǾ仰Ŀ͡ڶ仰
ѵ㿴˵Һܰ㡣
ѵ㿴Һܰ㡣
ؿ˵仰ı顪ʵûʲô飬޶ɢˣֻĿͫס
˿߶һ̳˻ȥ
ûٻرܣѾͿսãеܶɹú޺ۼʲôûˣҲʧȥжϺͿԼ
ץס°ڣĻл굱Ȼûʲô綼ܴķ˿ȴûа취
ֱס䣬ءԼ÷ӵһᶼǱصļϣץסֱۣϵظǾ仰
ǸһǧһοȴڷʱܳڵǾ仰
ѾջЩ˿ߣȴ·ӦƵģ֪˵ʲô
ǡ͵͵̾Ϣ
ļо׽סһֻ԰׵ĺ
֪ˡ˵ڣ֪ˡ
ڹԲڵ󷨵Уȫĵ¹黯ɢΣķʧȥɫһ˿һƵĵ⣬뱱ڤ档
ĴΣ³˵ÿһ仰˵Բ˵û˵۾˵ѲκáҪԣƽ
伸Щҵл֪ӰӡûһӦڻﻯ΢İ׹⣬Ȼɢ
ÿһư׹ⶼ
ڤ̲һꡣ˵ʶܻҲл֪ڣȷл֪Ϊôˡ
ӣϴźɫĲż

һƬ硣
л֪ʱоǿҵĹۿ̵ʹܿǹɹ߾
ʲô⣿ƹ⣿յơ
ƣ
ãȻĴ˲䱻ˣȻѹյӦĿŶԣôţʧˣԡ侲һ㣬õġƶˣôᡭ
ˡ
Ժеľط´ȻȿģǴɫ׹Ưػζš


64 
ǸƯɫ׹ԽԽ,ӳӡһһͫעĿе㡭ĥ
л֪ȴûʱĥҪʱƷ,ܷѾشССĲż̫Ķ,ҪǳŬܷ,һο÷ƣơ
ʱֻ˵һ,һСѧϰĸо,˵ĹܶЩİ
лֱ֪סƵһǣźɫСżյķơŬ˰,յֻŲ˶̶̵һ硣
סˣͷ˿Լ˫֡żķ߻,Ĳʸʵл֪ʶԼ񵱳ĽƽһŽ˲ż,ֻֿҲҪ꣬ôģ
ơֵּɬ,á
һھȻֻ,֪ҺһԸɣɹͷ۲ۣΪŽжȥһ۲ۣҿһҲ֪
СżӲ,˵ؿ¡֪Ϊʲô,лֻ֪ʣһ˫ɫʯ۾,Ҳ˸оܿ
ԡ
˵ԡǲ̡֪ܽܽħ˵ʲô˼𣿡
˵ǡԲ𡱰
л֪,ͼʣµ˵û,ͱһָס壬СżͱƵ,ϵһ£ͷ
л֪סָ⣬оûƼƵġĲżѹðȥסָѹ
Ҫ˵֣Ҫ
ƽôӡʱɲƺںĺ֢л֪Կںûôã̫õز߲ޡ
һ˵ķݶ𣿡һҲûɿСżַָźɫۡڼķϻһŲޣһص޸ңڿϿһ֮¶ôһֹ㣿
̶̵ָ֫ǻζһȻйشͷҡ
û¶ˡҪַ֪˺ԼҾԲͬ⣬ͬ⣬һ㿽ڴͷһҲ̤ȥ
Բ𡭡л֪֣һ˵ûа취оżģӼ⣬ָѹľˡ𡭡
ֻһޡһһʲô˵£շ㡣û·²żôˣ
̫˳ˣл֪˵ԺκģȻҲɡŲŬָȻ˳ĺ£վԱߣָָյ
õ˵
Ŷ俴Ұ
л֪㣬ˡ
ôȫ¶֪ܰѹȥ˺ۣܹһôƫƫԼϣˡ
л֪û˿ΪֻǸġ޸֮Сżѣûľ״̬
ڣ˵
Ҫл֪вˣǱץŲڵ߹һ඼ûУƫƫܸоĵθۣ㡭
ҵǸ俴
Сżžߴһϡ
ĿⷶΧ֮ڣл֪֯һԣظ˵Բҡ֪㣬ᣬͬ⡣ӦãġҲˡ
䵥ֳ򥣬Ŀģûг⡣
ʲôг⣿л֪е㷴ӦŴʻ㣬Ҫ˵ʱͷ˹صӦ˵ԲΪŮҵ塣
л֪
գգۣɫʯŷСżĬĬس˳°ڣ·е㲻Ƶġ
Ը˵Ҿ͡
Բ𡣡л֪ӲͷƤڣûȫָԹܣ¸ͷᣬ۸ģͷĿİظΪ룬Ůˡãҵġҵġ
ָ档
ҵ塣
仰˵Ѿķл֪ȫܡֻһżҲо㵽ӵȥ
û˵ָֻӵĿ⿴ô˻ᣬл֪ǱƣСż£յƯһγĿڡ
һ۵оֿһžߴһصǰͶصĲޣûоܾյĿ
Ŀڡ
ڵƻӳսʱ綼·Ϊ֮һɲʱôܶݵԼͣͣԺʹ𽥵ؼֱʧ
Ժﷳô꣬һųе㲻ӦüģۣͻȻǰҲеʲôԡ֣ǰ΢˻Σʶֻ۾ˡյƵĲ̫Ŀڵĵƹⲻþ߱źǿҵЧ
ŵƹ𲻶һֹâġ塣ֻ̫֡΢ȼʱϸ΢춯Ҳǳ
ӦһҰл֪Сż̧ͷǲ޵ܴԲϿĺǡ
ˡ𣿡л֪Сĵʡ
˵ͷ
˿չסָȫĵжһһֺصķɵСȻ䲢ƹ۵ְѲ޴ϡ
ΪҾͻԭ㡣Ҹ˵Һģ׺岻ҡ
л֪һ߱ȥһ߾СżҲᱻʲôһɣͷװԸƵķ˻
л֮䲻ؽһ䡣
л֪еû飬ԽǣԽһΣУΪԼ廹Сʹŵתͷ˵šţԲ𡣡
ֻôǸ𣿡ʡ
ҵĴл֪ɰͰ͵صҲˡ
̾˿˵Һİ
ġ

е㲻ʹл֪ûӦ硭Ϊ͵λҵ꣬ǿģ۴һ˵ӦöΪ̫ãϾϲǿˣǵĿʼҲãһͷβĴ
л֪ſ˼仰סƵģչһԼĿʱȻַ˹һġ
ħĿģл֪ĸֵͬʱȻһ߹Ȼࡢޱ֣Ӳϵʵأ˼ĴС
۾ﲻɫľʯһֲڵĲżѪġСл֪

о⡣
ʱЧġ˹ΪͣҵȻһֱĵãûҪֻҪȤʱ˾͹ˡС΢С˵㣬ڰ㸴ԭ֮ǰֻˡ
áĴһƬհףӲȻ͵ػعִٵлҪܣͱָ·˻ԭء
Ϊżһ·͹ˡΪˡ·һͻᱻ
ҡ֪ˡл֪µҪץסָۿɼʪÿҪˣҪô棬ġ
𣿡䱻һ仰ϣʣ㲻ǲл֪
ǡ֪ôˣԹָܻ£˵Ⱥ¡־ίСС˫һ˵µġҪôҡ
ôҵģĸҿɱԼ
ôô˵
лֱ֪ˣɷȷʵ˼߬½ǣ˿ֵָͷ˿Լܼѵص඼ᡭ˺
ЦЦǰزżʱ򣬻©ҵĿܺõģĲ屻ٵһΣҲһһǰޡ


65 ѧ
ҪͷԼġ
л֪ܿʶпʵ,ͷǰָ⣬еԱơûƿƺܾĸоûС
л֪ûʱû˵Ҳûľܾ,һʻһصݲָ,Сľָֻǵ֮һľ̫Ӳһ̾ߴƵġˣͷ
һܵĻᶼû,һֱ
лĳˡڱ,ܵü΢ʹҪȴ׾ٵرָԭλϡ˵ѰǱͷĳУȵְʱ,лһ˫޺,۾ˮݹ
֪𣿡俴Ҳе᲻ˡû䣬ûв
л֪,Ȼѹȴܡôʣ̣ץҧһڣݲָϣЩϸ΢
㲻ϲ,ɡеƮɤһ
˭ϲˣƿ֣ѶԱ,ĵؿԩҿҪϲˣſ۵һ̣Ҿôһرҵġӡǣÿһ䶼ҵӡ˺飬ķ϶ҵǡ
л֪Ǳźµ½ѹű¶
ѷǷһ飬Ժֻʣ¡ϲˡԼл֪̫ţؿ䣬ŮʱҪջ仰䣬ȡ֤Ƶģ㡭ҡ
ü
ð»һεӻˣ֪ʲôеôˣ
ִ˴лգͷȻȻôһСൽǰһص㣿ֱӳɡ
л֪һ£ĬĬס֣˶㣬СҪ

ӵ¹߳ʱƵãֺѾͣЪˣϳ䵱̫ѻԭͣ׼ʱɻ˶һǵë鰸ǰ
ֻһֻСżѻǸԾлСżץϵĽ롪˫޻С־Ȼץ
ѻƬ̣˦˦ԴСż׾ذѽ֪ĽϡɱڵĶħȻҲû˿Ū
лл֪
Ů֮⣬Ļе˿֪ѻ͵طӦĹȥŲޣл
šл֪Ӧһ
ʧЧָɲż󣬱.Ū.ʹҲʧˣĳ̶ֳҲһ¡㲻ĿǰСȣҲܲȥ
Ůȥ˵ʹˡѻ˵Ѿͣսˣֶس롣а˲඼ݷãû˭ôŮ뿪
֪л֪˵ˡ
ʹɵˡ㲻˭𣿡ѻ˵һʣû°仰㻹浭Ȼ˵ŮúܣзӰŪˣ˭֪ʢŭ֮
л֪ӣо쬵ġ
ǵĺϼĴݵø죬ҪŮ֪ҿ߳ȥģǵðҷŹ˲ɡѻµ߶ţûˣ
л֪תͷһۣɫʯ۾Ĺߣָˣ
ˣܻû̾˿
ǡ
ѻδ䣬ǰһٵĽŲһһӦͼһŽʵʿ˽ɫżѰʲô
ϵĲżĿԴһ£Ȼӿһݣ˹˵ϣСʦ壡
ƽʦֶ
л֪˿ԼĲżֿ˿ʦֶۺģôŽˣ
ɹˡѻСƷתлŰʦֶܳˣ㻹Ůÿ档
л֪й࣬˳ýƽָҲŸոջָͰɳͺ񡭡ѵžСʦֶĸħ˹ϵ
ƽģǽһʹϵĲż৵һ¾ˣ˺ѷεص
Сʦ壬㲻Ϊز
Ϊǣ˭Ϊˣ
л֪һ㶣ĿʶȻһֻƵÿӡ翿ڵһ࣬һĻе㻳Ƶġ
Ůġƽᣬ˵˵ΪҸ˺ܶ࣬ҺúТ˳ǣСʦ塣ʦ壬㲻ô
л֪뿴Цˡ
Ů˵Ƣе׽͸ƽ㣡һ룬Ҳô
л֪
Сʦ壬Ҷɽ˵ҲҪȳ֪ʵļ޸ģ߰ɣ
лֿ֪һû䣬оͷƤ飬ˡ
鷳ģƽϽ˵ֻҪͬ⣬Ұ
һԵѻֱˣĬĬתͷĵˣ㶮ʲô˵òںֱš黨Ҫл֪˵ʧҲŻҷġ
л֪ϵ߶üҲͬ⡣
ΪʲôСʦ塣ƽȻܲ⣬Ů˿ðȻйŮˣûҡ
л֪ɵӡ
俴ǺƽһöͭǮȴʱʱƹһۣһ˳ĵĴ𰸣öͭǮͻɹСʦֶǿŲԴ
л֪еˣҲ뿪㿴˾ͻȥɣλʦֵ˵Һܺá
⻹ܺ𣿡ƽҳϣŮǿƯһ㶼ᣬħ壬ħ岻ǺѸͨ˵ħżºĻħ嶼ģǻҪӡŮǰﵹЩ취ⲻǿСʦ壡ͲҪΪԼ
죬׿ڰСʦ幰ȥ
л֪̾˿յͨ죬ųұĸԸΪµġõ£ҲûôΪѡ㲻Ҫ˵ˡ
ƽǱ׺һ૵Сʦ壬Ϊƽ̫࡭
֣ͣͭߵƽл֪ûŵϡСлʵʵͷĬĬ߷ҺܹԵġ
š˵ˡ
ҪҵˡչȥĲزС˵һָСɣһҡ
Ƴһۣѧˡ
ǰһͺߵһͿôⶼˣ
һԵĽƽȫûע⵽󣬱һŮĿֲӡĬĬ˺ü
䲢ǺСżļ򣬵ȻҪҾͣ취


66 
֮,ȴûи෴Ӧˡ
ר˿˶꼸ŵΪ֮⣬ǿСżææȥ,лƤӵ·鼮ޡ
׾ֿɰҪʹҲܼ򵥡ֻÿΰϹ,лշ죬κطӦ
Сżû취ߣ˵ҲЧ,Ѿϰʱᱻ༸µ޷ֻܽ,˿ʱ΢鷳һ,ҲӦ
ֱǰݷá
λŮһӡа,ǰʱڣǵȵͷȥŵǰλòŮ޼֮󣬻һĳȡֵͷ,ǹȻٻԵ,Ůʢȴ֪֮Ůˣ˵׾¹,Уּį
ϵл֪
ʲô׾¹ѣʲôּįء
ûע⵽СżҲװûչȥ,ͷϵ죬͸ҪлƵģĶ˵ֱ˵Ķܻ,ҪôͰѰµռеҪô͸߸ϵΪ˴㣬ʵȴ˵ġֻһʼһؾǰ۲ӵضǰá
޳ȳƣƯڲǹǼ׵ʱ򣬼ֱһƲ۵Ʒرỹеָãﶼе㿪ˡ
ڿָ鼮ͷû̧ڵΪ֪ԭҪһ壬ԭֻ̫˺ܶ඾أãءȻˣȫ
ӣ˳˵ˡ
Ŀⲻؿܶ˶֪а취
Ȼа취Ϊʲôã˵ԡ֮⣬ΪҽߣѾõ޵иʡûһʿûԷ˷ŻȥˣǸڲ֪£ֻǸŮ϶˺ӣΪ˽Ļңӵĸ׾˭
ܲ˷еĽıˡ
Ϊ£ԶΪˮƽˡӭߣһ仰û˵ǴﷺһҷɫĹâȻ󶨶ؿ
գۡ
ǰѾôʧ顣ᰧ̾һ˲£ʵʵģתҶʿоϵڶû˸ϵһر⻳ϣţ»м֡
䣺Ȥİã
Ȼ˵˸תۣħĻʵûȫİգֻŮһԣħĹβܽоһôҪȡһ㶾Һ
֪л֪ûûԱߵСżл𡣴˿ᵽβͣСȲ˲Ĺββתڵϣ䶯ʱûκηӦ
٣ҪúüʶһʱֱָͻȻƿˣתͷһոշӽֻżȻޱذֱִŲ
㶣лл
л֪ƽ͵صҡ
ѽ㻹Ű֧򥣬һΪðŮԼ¡ϵǰ˿ɶء
л֪ŵˡŴһԲ£ĴⷽŻѹסʱһе㰴ȥˣ˹˵ðݡ
ƺܺܺõؿԼˡԭֻǵҪãһҾͺãȴֿסΪ˳ĵ£ǵȱĺϼԼ֤ʱı˴Ψһ񡭡뵽бϲпܻᱻߣл֪ǻܵ÷ᣬЩû
ǸССĲżԴ֪ôôġ仹Ժй˼ԣСżһƽ˵ȴǣòżһֱȻ޷ԼƢ֪֮ܿѾܺá

Сżȷʵһֱ
ºл֪˿Žһʺ޵Ȼǣȴʺ̫֮
Ѫ֮Ҳۿܵģÿһһ÷Ļ֦ƣ񻹲÷ʢŵĽЩ÷֦޼ɹ״Žܵÿһ˿÷庮
ʺ롣
л֪ûѣԪҪӦ壬¼ġӡ˿ϱĺÿԼ̫õ䱶л
֣һ¶ԷգȻ⿪´ϲ԰׵ļΪû׻ûκѪΨһɫϵĺۼ
Сر׭ġķ֪ܲܶħãԷ˵ģֻǾһԡ
׭ǵɫģһŻƲһŤغϱš·ֳİʾԣĿɨһۣ֪ķĲӡūϣһʹԷ߷
л֪ͬġǵ˵ҲԼиӣʲôʽԡһִơƤǱģƵ·ȴȣȲǸڱģŻʲôһģƤһš롱ͼΪԾŤ
л֪ʶؿס졣
ûѹָѾرץŲϵָѹ÷죬Ѫɫһ㸲ǡ۽޲΢Ҳһ϶Ըոµĺ
³ӯʵܡǻΣ˺ĵһϰ㣬Ŀᴩθһɾʹֺʹֻ˶ݵһ˲л֪亹ҵġʹĵ
ҧһڡ
һеףƺѪˡл֪ãۣԼѡ뿪Ŀƻ壬ѣεòֻʶȥס˿ڣ϶еʵ˵ҧˡ
ۡл֪㲻ΪҺ׾ԭ˰ɣ
л֪ûףصͷȸѪĳݺۣ΢ĴʹԺзŴ󡪡ʹгٶ۵Ĳżˣһӱͻġǿҵ۸ˣֻһСˣη塣
乴ķβĦһīڵĳǰһ޵ĵϢζҪתл֪ѪǱڤѩ֭ˮǺ徻֮ûбٱĶˡ
ܸɾ
ɾ˶á
ͷſ죬л֪еͷεʱĴݣҧţȻӡıԵ˵ܲ˾ҧҡ
ǿ齿۵ļϻǲǸҲǰοһ˱Сûʲô飬ֻǳƽ͵ĿϻԼ֡
ѪҺʡк׵пƤ⡣
壬ʺѪűл֪ûѡ


67 
ڲ԰׵ļϡ
ġϸ,Ǵ˾ñһ˵ֱЩ,øŽӵĽ˿ȸ
۾ȸĻѪһڲļ䣬һֱᣬС׾ٵذԿȥΪ˰ͷѪ
Һ˿Ѹ,,粢û˿ڵĵطȥѪİοл֪һȥ,΢,ֿɰ,ƺ˵ʲôֵĻлͻԵᡣ
Χһ㷢Ⱥͺסÿһ˺̷Ƶĺ
丩ӵ,л֪
е㿹ܡ۵ƢͬʱЩ˼رۡ˸ļƬ̣ôҧң
ֻһǳǳĳݺۡݺǳҪʧˡ
ۡ˵
ִڵķ˿ô֪㡣
㡭
лӲסôֱӵĻĬյ졣޵˵ĶԶӦñܿסӦƽԶԡҪ׵عƻ
ǣƻⲻ֮е
տڲԣֻǺһɲ
˵ˡ,Ҳ֪ԼռôΪ㶼Ӧáлְ֪㡢ֺ㣬Һ޲ðһڳԵһ˩
̧֣աл֪ʶĶףоں΢̵ĸྱָڴḧЮһĿѣԵ΢أ˲԰Ρ
еȥˣԼǶԷè
䴥һʺȷļ󣬽һϸȥߵġաһȵʱ˳ӵл֪γѡ
ִٵһ²Ľӵһڴ齱ߣ߲޹ǼĵطҲ
ôסһأ˳ġ
ҵĺϼԼϵˡ˵˳Ķ
л֪˵ˡͷһ£ֶŲڲ˹ȥһСͱһĹβסǽһգ͵һգ۾ͰصԭλԵϡ
βͿ͡һ֣ʱһԼ뷨ƵԻ
л֪öˣְסβ볶ûӲֻԼġ˵ʱϢͻһѱ鶼һƬӳյĺƽûһ˿ơ
һ¡лֱ֪Ѹٷ졣㶣û뵽ôۣڸƵ˼£ȻҪؽԼҲܼ򵥣ҪӦһЩ
̧ۿѩƵеڻˣ˵
רġͣһ£ǰ
л֪
Լ
С
аѱ˼Ҳ̸ʲôˡл֪踺صصͷѾ͸ˣĲ߳ܵɫ
ʩµͺϲСװ硣ԷͺʺһԣǱסβҧס䣬Ҳֻ΢Ȧزһʲô͡˳ܵģ
һǰȻһ߸޶һ飺ղײգԡ
ʲô
š̽Уǵ˫ؿʡ㿴ҲβͣҲβͣǿԽβܲŪ
ҪҪ˵ʲô
黹㲻ſҧһСѩ׵Ķ䣬ëŪʪյģ鲼ëϸѪܵļ.е΢
ǰҶܻУΪʲô㲻أһǳĸҺõİɣСô˰
˵л֪һҲȥæҵҪܣܲˣǿ֧һֹ߳Ҫըˣֹܾãҧ´꣬ѹúܵͣ˭ССӡ
ҵʵƴӡҪǰ㲻ҵĻǷ˺϶Сӡһϸȥߵġաһȵʱ˳ӵл֪γѡ
ǳɳˣҲסôûޣгˡ
綢ĬĬ˼տûһ͸оһɺ΢˳ͷȥһ˫˪޳ָסڣקһ¡
䲻Ե˳ȥ
ϣл֪ĵִһֿ۹ָ죬͵ؽߵסȻȥؾС
ȵġơ
ֹȣĶȣл֪ϣѾ̵ĳ̶ˡûü˵ʲôܵ΢ϸ
Ҳܵġ˵Ҳԡ

Ϊǰ˵Ҳԣͷһ¡
еݡ֮£ô˵л֪βͶˣȷԼûлϣİ취ûЧУΪ岻ãΪɢˣ飬Էл֧Ųס
Ů˫޵ЧҲǺġ
Ӽ粻ֲᣬһ·ͻƽ𵤣ȻҲֻһ¶ѡȻл֪츳ɢ޵أòԭ
ȵл֪ʱͣʵڴϵӽлȵ˯һ
ʱֵգСѩ϶ûϣһɨϸϸѩ˽ڳһ΢ˮ
л֪䡣ԷĻϢΧûħѾȫ̼ĵˣʱԽԽǢԼú񱻸һ
ôһһֻҴ±ǣָ̧չ˴Ȼĳ
л֪ʵؿڣл
òǰƼҧüΣٳʱǻԹԵл
šӦһ£㲻˵ҶβôΣôû
л֪۵˼άͣתٶƬ̣ȻڵסŵϣЩȺ·
û˯ѵزڻˡ
Ŀһ֣úܿġְѶл֪֪ȥˣβ͸ԾĴ죬һĹβתĶضʶطˡ
л֪βһ£Ϊ⣬˳صĶҺˣ
⻰˵ģ䶼Ҫ˼ˡ


68 
˵ûж, պֹ˼죬л֪Īسһǰе֢״
̫ŵѹ, Ӧл֪ʲôû˵
ԷҲû˼º͵صħһ衣ÿճ޹֮, ǿЩħĵ伮ʷѹ㡣
Ըµʱż᲻Ծһ, ǰڿ, 濴, ʮа˴ζҪ˼̲סĴչȥסļ, л֪ѹǡҲ˵, ⼸ǿжȡ
л֪Ƣܺ, ʱȻһǹԹԵףûʲôصǰ׵ˣڼ϶Ϣȵسˡ
Ů, ô˵Ǻأֱ׳ؽ˫ҧۼ߰ߣ̹Ϊֹͷϼ˷۵ëö, òôһ£ͷȥħ
ôȻһ£Ҫ, ǰл֪ŪúһܻȻԷ´ֲ֪ʲôʱͻȻһͷϵĶ䡣л֪̫εʱҲܸԼһŲط
ħĵ̣ŲĶȥ
л֪Ųһ룬չβͼһ仳治ɫúֻסлסͨѶд֣һдһѽôͻȻͶͱСӰ
˭Ͷͱˡ
л֪ǸӵΣħ壬ﻳҲִ̫٣ܻᴥ񷨵ϲĵطſҪ磬Цӯӯֲۣ֪Ӻ˵ˣֻ÷ϣ͵͵̾˿
ôˣίˣ
ûС㡭רһ㡣
ôרˣû£˵ץһ漣ЩСңţ
л֪ۿдϵݣ֪ġӹҲǹ˵˵
񣬽ʸϣָ·С·ȣһͻ΢Ťɢ
л֪΢٣ƺ˵㡣
俴һۣŲȥҪؿڵʱ˫סͷָˣǰء
俴һ۱סĴͻ谵¼͸硣
л֪
ҹ֮Ҳûʲôࡣ
ȥл֪ŵĿ΢ʪɨһͨĶһߴչȥϵζһߵгɹˣ
֪ң㲻֪ǲ𣿡
ţҵĴͷҲ֪лֻô츳֭ˮ졢˾
챻סˣʻؽ絹ûаЦеһġ
л֪Ҫܣβýģƿض
ɡ˵ҲǵһˣԹԣôӦϰ߲Ŷԡ
˭ϰ£л֪˵𴽣תͷǱѹ¼򣬼γͶͱĶ侲Գȫ̴ңںﱻ÷㡭
ķĴ䡣

ֹ˷ǳһ¡䲻̫ͨҽҲܿķЧСлڶﴧ˸̡ȷǲǵħȴ̥顣
ĸоʵе
ڸл֪ȷϵ֮ǰûԼһӣżΪἰһ뵽ԺĻҲһǿ׳ħ˸ǿСȻݸ̴սһȻ
Լܣİȴģħ己νġսһôݣһξ۵ȥģοҪУ˵˵ȷʵе㲻ʵˡ
˼¡
䶢ǵǳ·΢һ¡𻡶ȵĸʵر˵л֪һű޻԰ڻȥûʲôˣǳ
֮⣬л֪е㷢ա
˵ʲô֢״ĺᶼһΣ˵ûʲôţӦӦл֪յ¶ȣеˣϢģƤȴȣָûʲôһ
ŲǣסָԱش
ȷ֮˾ͰֵòٰˡϷһһ鼮ӱעıעҵĸӷӦ
۹һҳ£ĦţĿڶԷɢĺڷϡ
ǰһؿеǣҲǻģÿΪչ˿¸սҲһͬӡôһΣóʱ򣬾ͺȻˣһǷȵģ˶εú
һһ˳˳ķ˿
лһ÷ʧǱɵøŨյϡͿָ΢ŷϣҲֻʵشӦһ紺΢ڡ
ôŪΌܡ
䵱Ȼûô.ޣŶԷһл֪ապϵ۽޲˲òղģɤӣʡ
䵹˱裬ڻιˮл֪յͷΣƾƵ˼ڣ촽ͺ͹ˡƫͷļϣûʲôؿ
𣿡ʣУȵҩ
ĺᶼ˵ӦʲôԲҲûˡ
á϶ػһ䡣
˵֣л̵֪°һŶӡֱġʹв΢ͣһ
ܽϢܽħ﷢¶֪Сôı£䱧ֻаģ⺢һж͸о·±ǣŷۣյúΣð亹
䱧СʱСӷ֡
ͷյúĴʶһЩԹԣ岻ɿңҸ㲼ü󷨡
ץ䡣Ȼ°Ѵлǿˡ
л֪û֣Ҳ֪ȥ֣ļ˲䣬΢е鸡㲻Ҫ𡭡
ԡʲôû
ҺȵġͷƵ˵ܡ
䣺
ǲˣսˣƽϡ
硭һ㣬ġл֪ϣϢůģҺá㡭
Ҿַʽ𣿣Ҫ¼ع˵һŮô»
ĿһתƳĬĬĹββĩķڵҺβⶼմʪյġ
ޱؿź£βǡ
ˮ


69 Ե
ǰٰơ
ֻһ˵ĿƲûô£βĩ, հѷڳĶҺ˿Ϸعر͸оһֻ¶ȵסβмǽض
βѩƯӲ, ϵȵĴβ뱻޳߬, ĳ˵㺹ʪܵعŹǽ, Ծ»
Ĭһ˲, Ŀתƹȥ
лԺ, ۽޵ʹ, ħڵ۽Ƿ졣ƵĴ˴β, ָڲ.۵ⷴǽڹκˡ
Թ, ֡βûȫȥл֪ͽβ, ˫űڻ, ǱƵѹ˲䣬յβ, š
⻭ֱе
ԺƵݴȥǰǺϲϲβͣСлŪ㲻˵ŭԵĬĬŤͷ, һֶ˵ǵ۸ȤζҲᱻ㵽
¡ﻹиħ, ʱˣпô£
Ĺβһ£Ȼ󱻿Ųˡֱסл֪ͷĶ֪Լʲô𣿲ú, ﶼʲô
л֪Ӧеٶ۵غͷȻĹβףβ⴦ѵˮһ㲻ϲ𣿡
磺ϲ
ôءл֪е֪Ϊˣһ˵˳ôϵ
岻ã⺢ӴȵˣҶ΢ȵ·ο㻹κģһѡ
л֪֣Ϣ滺Ĳʡͣûһץβ͵ֻŲĦһƷƵģڹβı渧ƶ
Ͼһ֣ǽ֮ûдеģȵʱʱǽļ϶ʱʱ˳Щ϶ȥŪе˼
л֪֪ԼʲôƵģûſںסһСڣ˳Ÿպ£ûõ϶ҧһסˣ͵˿ǹβȫˡ
ʲôװ׵ϣҿǲˡ
л֪֪ʲôյ̫˼ʱʱģպһڣ³ڴһţץβͣСϻţͻȻȫʧ飬ûί
һ񣬼л˫ͨ͸۾ˣҲֻĿޡԵɣֻøеĲ˺˰벽߸ߵҡ
δ䣬л֪زȣСϵ·һֱز
㲻ҪҡᣬģġҪҡ
䣺úãûвҪ㰡
ûֻ绳˺ðβֵΪʲôң˫.ޡ
˵øίƬ̣ûסʪǱߵϡ
䣺
⻰Ķأ
ġϢڶԽԽҺ㡣
̾˿ֻסл֪صϣĦʵ㣬ֹ.
˫۾Ĭ⻰ʹȥһ֦ͷϵлȥİ÷
װ羯
Һ㡭
룬롣
ĻƺûʲôЧл֪̫ѣղŴӦ˼䣬ͷԺûͷƵĲ
Ů˵İٰƣǹһ

л֪˵һ㣬ʵʲôµġħ̴ǿս˿οǰֵַشڶ
̻֪Դƺûʲôֻл֪Բ᲻뿪һҪ˳ԼһǶл֪Īذȫеߣָ̲ס߬ڣץճ壬һҲֿ
ûа취Ǻ岻лˡ˺һ͸ˣʱȴץ֣յ۽ͨ컹ɿϲϲȲȡƺһְЩ̲ܵסȥ˵ûϵġ磬Һ㡭
ʱ춼֪ˡ
һ䣬ǳı£ϵ´һ߻Ŵ뵽׼䡣ֲ˵֪·ϵİʯҪϵĵ¶ˣ־΢ᶨһ㣬ᱻƫһͷԽȥ
ա
䴩룬ζһӦˬƿȥҶ£һţӭĸĸ˵Ǻ˵͵ǽΪħ己ܵĴ±Ӽල֮飬ֲ̫Ŀŵ±Ů
ŤûڽͻᣬеŲ죬ذĬỹֹ죬˵ȴǣŮĺѾϣҲ˼ΪлǡΪ׫ʷѴǰļһһ
ĶġڵҲȥ
⵱Ȼлɫһ⡣ен޵£ȥα棬ԽΪ񣬾ԽҪ¼ˡɱҲеһ֡ͳķ
ǹ磬ȻΪ˿ǡ
ǡỹӦһ˵Ŀע֮£ӲͷƤħ֮¶л֪Ķģǡ
ǣЦЦҿǰɡ
ỹտڲԡ
ĥˣǴ˸ֻʲôҸ̫ȷұܣõȳ䶨˵˵̫õġ
˿Ȼ˴˶ӣеζӵġ֪ǸøŮֶһ£ǸúлŮסˡȻᴵ߷ˣ׻塣
̧֣ѻ
ƺѾܾˣʾ⣬ȻֱϣͷĶ׹ա
ҵĶɽ֮أҵôˣ
Ͳ¸һԣ˵ڱѻ˵֪ˣŮڵ㻯ķݶϣҪˡ
ŵĻ˶ӽȷʵﵽҵæҲл֪ȥˡҲû⺢ӵСҡ
ѻ˶٣˵˵ӣͲˡ
Цˣɴ˳ſŵˡл֪ʲô߰£Ұĵоš
ڱһյƵĲ˵һϾв
ѻȻһ࣬æͷȻֲʾǷҵ֤컯Ķɽ֮أһ˲ŮƹذȻȻԲڣ˰벽컯۷塣쳾ǱѰһ·ϻջҲδ֪
ͻ֮±Ʈ죬һѲ׽ĽҲС
ףתͷħһۣ̻Щų⣬һӹȥĲһЩҾʹ뿪ħ򡣲ΪѰҵл֪ɢҲаˣлл
ѻҡҡͷ̾һԾͺЦˡǰתҪպԵлΪͽ㻯ȴ׮ˡ
ǰ˲۵ˣɾûġ
һġ֮ܲһ۷֣ԼԵ


70 ̵
ڱ
ħ౱, ӷ٣һƬǳأлŸʿܱʮС, γһĹңʿҲƴ˵Ϊ֮ء
л֪֢״ڲ󷨺, ȵȥ, ΪȴûлָΪ̵Ե, ̫֮޷תļ, Ȼڽȷʵġ
ȳƣ΢˵ʵҲټһ, γһ㻡ȵСҲڸסˣ, ûܿλ忡ƮȻĵʲô
֮صĵһȷʵǳ쳾׵ĵǹۡʼҳǳص߱ѰΧĶ츣ءлȻ, жҲ㡣
ֻ, εں쳾, ƺЩա
ţָС
л֪ĬھȻĴһ¡, ֱϡ
ǲǡĥ˵, ֳ˵㡣
л֪΢е㷺ȣ³ⷴʵô, նҶ
նŲſûҲħӣûһһȲһΪͣһĻƿοҲοϡʿôرҶĲҲӦõġ
ҡл֪ԺжȻֳ⼸΢ûʲôתͷ
·еڲסˡ俼ŵ˼ɡ
Ѿ˺ǣ¾ˡл֪
̿ůҲʱ򣬵ʱŲ̫㡣
۷С¡
л֪û˵꣬ͼȻһ̧ͷգգۣȻ˲䷢仯ɫ׹ʧһǶ仯ؿڱڸסָɫס۵ü̫ޣȫһɾ
ǴһӢȻɷġװ񣬴Ī棬һ۶϶Ů
л֪Īһֲ̫õԤС
Ȼͻأֻסļڻﱧ˱ȻգüģȷСлͷת򣬲ŵҼȽΪ£ôĿʾˣ
ӡ
л֪֪ûʲôͷϢһӰذȥ˭ӣɿ
ҵĺӶˣҪǲɡ˵Թ.ЦСƵס֣ĵ΢¡СָһСƤϻ
ôһҪˣϵ·ͣһ߶ĻŤŸֲڼġ롱΢΢鶯л֪˿Ķ˲ȥõβʣ޷ܵص
лָ֪΢£·ץ壬΢΢ҧ³һ䣺硭
ҵˣ乴ףЦ𣬡ҲŰѺϼ޸ãһԼƢȻõ˵Ķϧ˰
л֪˰죬ССӰŷļûȫͱ簴źѹ˻ȥл֪΢ķңƵص۷Ǽ򵥣۷ѧʵڲãһӶҪٿǿǣ
ôͲ壬̹ʹֱʵ˵ĸʱʹðһĻ˼
ôܡл֪벻˵ĻⷽĴʻʵޣ΢յһҧϣѪĵطҧһǳǳĳݺۡ֡
ҧ֪л֪ǲҧʹġСлİǷôʱͬʱҲ֪л֪ȷʵ񡱣֡񡱣ĻվԸġ
лô̶ȣ֪ġ
佫ɣ˱УȻѩ׵ƫͷ˫ֶڽ⿪ϵϵۣҧסһ飬ӹײڵϣһ졣
ˣеľֻѻ˿ֻͷϳƥĵȻ죬ϳĽ磬û˿̽С
ڽ뺮ǵؽĵ·ϣⷲ˵ĳʱʱشʻڣϸͬܵĹĵ㡣
л֪Щ֮ȻĿֻţ˽ȻԼĻȲϣҲδīסһͣļ
ķ˿£żϣ֪ڴ﷨װʲô־ܷһ·ϸµظл֪ϣѴϵá
ǡʲô
Ҫζ̫Ũϵֻմʪһ
˵ˣһҲ˵ڡ
Ҫ췢ļ϶л֪ڴ˿͵͵ؿ硭
㴩ҵ·Ҵ
л֪

˵֮ǰʲôߵĻѾ÷ֺʣˡһ뵽䴩·ϲϵļһͬĴֻҵĴܸ߳лһл֪˳ĴԶʼ
ٷԹԵŪ⣬Ʈﲻ֪Щʲô
ϵ˼УһɨȻüָȥׯȹɲһзӦ
л֪͵ս߬סڣ˵úΣüǸҡ
Ը㴩췢ԼĶҲġһ©ٳذԲһָָ£ȦĵףûǹҪҪ̡
л֪һ£Ȼæÿֶܵ䣬֮ǰ·סȻʲôûѾʼʹˣµеԿհף˰˼·ſڣе㷢Ҫ
һ£ô㣬ŪҪ͡д֣
л֪
һ̬
ڽ䲻һβ;סףһӴȥ䵽
⼸ͬУȫαװģβҲˣл֪ʧȥ˷
ѹļסһµ¹̷պͶ˫Щ΢ˮ⣬ܲƵģϾͻ͵͵ᡣ
дʲôء˼صҰ㡣
л֪һ£תͷ
ħ֣⼸Ӧôд֣дһ顣
л֪оһָĴС
һʼֻ֪⼸ôдֻǵĺָȣĸĿ⡭ڻƺϢǶʹͫӳ
ͨ
ġոµ
лֻ֪ȴоԼҪ£İסȻĵ¶ãʵһ˺֭ˮ졣ÿһȫա׵Ķ
ͷеˣ˵Ĵֻ֮ôһ΢ɲľ롣΢Ƶס𣿡
л֪һ㶼ǲؿҡͷ
ٽһɡ˵Ҫרġ
л֪û취רҪĳǻκһ㷴Ӧ.йͷ
չȥסĴϹճǴħ׭ĵ״Ƭ̧̣ͷһ顣
ס𣿡˵Һܰ㡣


71 ɴ
ǳ֮صһ, Ƭ붼ǡ
ʻ뺮֮󣬻ΪεĽڽͣƥȻȻָŮ, Ÿƿһǣһִֻڲֱ³ˡ
ѻװ, һ£Ŀ˼飬ǡ
ôࡣתͷǣл֪֣ƿһصĳﲻ֪˵ʲôȻһ, W, ûдҡɴҲС
Wǽڵ֡Ϊѻħ֣ڵҲ¶ܶ˶Ϊֻһֻѻɾѣ͸, ּҪ˵ˡ
ڷͫ, ͫΧһȦɫ˫ǷǳĲӽɫΪ˱жһɫϰ侢װ˫ֶű, ڸǵղĴˡ
ҪɴʲôWɻ, һڴ﷨﷭, һߵ, Ůˣлⲻỹ˰ɣҲν, ǵĹϵ˲֪ŵ
ҳһɫɴݸ䡣
ӹ֮Ƭ̣ŰСл
W̿żƥħʶ죬մ˸ǷһŤͷͼŮŴһׯȹġŮӡ˳Ƭ̣ӿζӡ
ħش˸ǣŤͷ˹
û˵СлƢãҲðŪ
˵л֪ü۹ֺÿɴ𳤷Ȼͦô¶ʼյʹ۽͸һ΢죬ָ֣߬΢ЩƵҼ
һеġŮӣ
ڵ°ͶҪˡ
ָһɴȻΣֻһ˱ɴôôǺ£
л֪㿪ڣԼĿǰ󣬲ʲôɤֻҪǷӵ涼ĿùͷֻüڲԣװǸưͣȴʶ֡ˡ
Ҷðôߣָ̧űɴĦĴָŶԷ̧Цӯӯôܵúһɣ
㡭
ҿǺܰġ˵ȥҽ̹ˣҪúüסе㻵ÿ춼˵л֪
ˡֵ̧סĴ֪
ץָǣȻս
ǿҪȴǰ;ľ۾ӵطܶ࣬ˮ֯Ǿ¥Ǹַʿݣ˵ʵķҲΪŨ
¥֮󣬴һᦡʿ˵пӣΧвʳͣ¶
һ˵У޵˿ܻں쳾еĸν䣬Щʳ͵еһλ˳ɲλϲġʿ
Ҳûȥ̽ΧûʿҪ¥ƮݣȻͣһ½Ų
Ǳڤ֮¡еѩף֮ء
ӣ
л֪ڹ̨ϰİԵW̶תͷȻĿض˽
˻Ȼ֮ס˭סһλòӡ
ˡл֪ջߡ
֮Ӧһˣڴ֮ǰסڿຮ֮ضе̫ҵʦ֮һֻ꽣ʦˣȫѾˡ
ɽϾֻһˡ
ҵĶɽ֮ءġ
˵ڼ֮ضɽ٣סϵĳɷ
佫ʶŹȥһɨȻ˵˵бΡļ󣺡⻰ҶɲΪ
Ϊ˾׼ڤֻС
뵽޵˼ˣŤͷẈأ
W̻ΪԼǿһ䷿͹ˣҰҹվϾС
Ӵ˵Цϰﱻû֦Ҳ㲻Ǻǵ˰ɣĸģÿء
˵ֻ񡣡
W̻ȻϰֱصѪġ˵ȥͣ߶˶ڣðŴﶶһֻ˯ʵС
û˾СС๣ôǧټƵİʾȥһ˻Ϊˡ
ҪȥɣWе㵣ģҺòһִġ
һһִ󡪡Ӧòͷ¶ԺΪʳûǵĹӡףս˵Ȼսˣһֻ⿵ļޡ
Ҫȥá俴ޱùǷ𣿡
ʲôЦW̵Ůˡǣôã㻹֪⼸ǧֻҰû֡
̾Ҳǡ̶ʵел֪㿴ôû𣿡
л֪ëû˳СĿԣĬһ£УҲܶ֡
䣺ǺѴȥ˼Ҹĸġ
ģСħӣĳ֮⣬ϴèڵģû֮⣬ʵҲĴˡ
룬ԾİȻ˳·Ǿ͹ʵΣȥһ˱ڤѩɽ

º
˴֮أ뱱ڤӺ쳾ǳسߵԶ̵Ĳ䵱Сһ·ƽ棬˵ɽ֮ˣееһֶ䵹һҲעɢ޵л֪ϡ
ڤϡ٣лڼ档صϺë磬˱˼Сӡܶȵ֮⣬ҲûʲôʧϱǣΪ⣬Ҳһǧ
ŵСȴԽԽѲˡ
л֪ΪȻָɻһҲ벻䡣ӿͱֵĸңһС춼תȥҲҪҹڲ࣬԰ġ
ҹɫī
W¥¸ĿʿΧ¯Ȼģʱ򻰾͹ˣظǲⱡ
ɨȥһۣ˴ѩ֮Ȼһж׹һߵ齱ߣסл֪СȻûµ˲ŵܣѾɼҵħ壬ʱ͸ñ㡣
ůл֪֪еҪ˯ˣǿ̧ۣס󣺡ҡ
£մ溮£չȥס齷һϸ졪л֪ѹסðħ±ýܡɵöá
ץļһֱȵͷԼϵ¶ʱ΢ɿ֣صӡ
ǲ׼ġħһֲ꣬ħ壬ҪˣҲ⡣
л֪˵еţ𣿡
ۣ֧򥿴ôӦҲܴ󡣲һۣӦûˬɡ
л֪³ױ˵ˡ
Ҫ۵ĻҲһİ취˵
ʲô취
Լİ취ģúܿףǰ̨Ųһ㣬ӷ﷭˷ͳһмͿյԲ
ʵغ񣬵ƺֲǣΪⶫù֡ĹβҪôһ㣬ǳԲкϸ΢
ԭɻĿ⽥һӾͺ͸ˣҧҧݸʣʲô
˵ı°ĥ˵öкô˵һϲõģû˻᲻ϲ
л֪飬һ桢а̾˿صܲǸŮԶһ㡭
ôҲԴף
׻ûϡл֪Ѿвҵȫˡ
ôءչЦеصԹԣѵ̲£ҲţҪԡ
л֪üģĬĬ˱Ҫ
ﲻҪڲ׼һСŪô죿ĶӣԼͦеģˣϲкŮҵǶν
Ӧԭ͵ħ̰ɡл֪һǸ棬̾˿Ǹ𣿡
˵Ҳǡ
һӲСѧȫħ״̬ҲǸС
ʵСҲͦÿġ̲סҲгͻɣ²ԷҲǿշܰۼҧ顭
л֪ĵؿ
ͣһ£ݶʿ˵ȷʵʲôôʶֱһǳɰˤʹ򡣡
˵ˡл֪ѱͷԱյǿϡ
ôǵӰӲǰ̳ˣ
ϡ˵ڰס𣿡
һ桢аصͷҪ˯ͱһβزϣл֪һͣоǽβͻʲô̽˹
תͷһǸǶԲȻˣô
û˵꣬лƺһ仳ףɤѹͣһһֵƮŮˡ
ʻǴСʦֶġ
Թԣסָָ֣ķ϶ؿսɲ㰮ҡ


72 
뿪˵֮, Уããѩ겻ĺѩɽ
˼ıڤ, WҲγ, ֱѻ̬īͷŽɫʱʱ, ͵
ѻ䣬粻ôη, ûзӦ, л֪ʺʺϱڤ̫֮庮𽥸ǹӰħ, ûκ֢״ˡ
ҵ֮ǰͻظоơ̥ķȻֻС, ɻле񣬾Ϊָ, ǶԴ޲ߡ
ỹСǸ졣
ڴСݷǰһ, 䱧һŵСл, ȡǸ΢С, Ϊıֱ̫ɵúȣָȻһʱûó
о˰죬Ч΢һȥ, л֪ûˣ߬죬ָѹƳ˳Сȵػ죺˵ġ
ҸģҲûҪѽ˳Ļ, л֪ϱ˱ĸϣ͵͵س˿ܻǱϵױˡ
ϰʮ룬ϵڲĿϵʵʵѶû¶ϻ£һ硣
䵥ְѺδʸɾıֻŲסС£ͣȳƣȳ˸ߵ͸л֪ĵ¶ȼƽġȡһֵ֮伡׵Ĳ.ࡣ
һԵοսǻ¯̿ŷɱĵĻӣ¯ٰ졣̿ȣл֪עȴȫ΢ȻΪСоһ
ϵڸסԼ˵ľֻڰ޵ıԵ¶һز԰׹Ľס
²һָ֣ϷˮҺøɾȻסе޿κεЦһĴף˵㰡Ҫܶ㿪Ҿû취ˡ
ʶıָ߬һȺף͵͵ظ˵ûС
ҲУҵֶеˡѻòɵװɵռǶԷޣɾͲúŪȥˡ
ѵ㣿
ҡһҲûϣȥ֪͸ģ۾ȴЦŵģ̫ˣԹҰɣ´Ρ
л̧֪һۡ
˲ʧŶԷ΢ίɰ飬ؿڲһһյƶŻһ£о棬ûȥ̽Ѱ鲻Խؿȥ۾ȻַסĴ
ء
л֪ں
ֿסָԭذϣȫղסؽлѹһڱϣ΢ζһ£ѹںѩĳָŻһѩޡ
еʧأл֪ļײ÷ˣĺޣǰȴҪľǣĴⱻҧ΢ʹۿ𽥷죬ûֹסֻڴֿļ϶Ťͷȥһ㣬Ϊ̫ǺһǻƵؿ˼
丩ȥֱ޿ɱܡ
㡭ȿȡл֪һ㡣
׵£Ҫ˭׼𣿡ֱ׳˫ѹ࣬ȫ˻֪ʲôʱðβ΢΢˦ǽžڵң͸һ˷ܵ.СӹԹԣſҿģҲüһĪɣ
ѧáֻ
л֪õѪ˵ʲôϣĺܺõȰ䣬ʵβһɨһǿǰţͷչȥĪһأͷϸֳһԼӲƯĽǡ
ҧͷӣֻҧؿڣЦһСӣôΪûչ˺𣿡
Ľǵֵǣ˵ԽǵûôˣħĻƣ͸΢⡣
л֪˵ϻظһ߶֪ʹ̧Ľǣ˪׵ָססħơ
ɫ·ƺ΢΢ӿš
̧һۣȻͷûĶл֪ͷϵĽǣϸϸظ·Ҫײ͵һͣе޿̵ᶶˡûˡ
Ŷ
֪лûдǣһһܲܡ
л֪С
Ļͣһ£Ҳûʧ䣬ֻ̾˿һĵĥĥ˲֪ãǸᷢԲڱȡ˳
л֪۵˯ţѾֻʣǼ硣
ҹɫѾɢ̫Ĺαڱѩ֮ءڳϣһֻڵѻԶ⣬Եظ̾ѣװɵѡ
ߣһֻëųСѻߣ˹Էڵë¶ظŵͷ

գڤѩɽ
صѩɽβٵУ׾ٵؽ볲ѨСڵȺ򣬼䵱ӭּ̧
ѵǸ꺮ů˼䣬Ѳ̣ĿƵΧѲ֪֮תͷһѻ
ڻѻǺֻܴģѹħ彫ı۰϶ѹһͷëںС׵С
Сû˯ѣŵڿ˺ü³ŷһǰ׵ʱ˹ȥ
һԲϲڡ
ռ䣬££л֪ĴӣһԵѻɹϣֹţŮˣôƣҪȥɣ
ġǷԼ֮ˡ
ȻԣͷˣС˲ٵҩȥ֮˲˲۽ǵᣬֶһ̧ͷ˵ǣŮǷѰɽ֮أ
֪㲻֪Ҳò³ˡ
ˡ˵벽컯ߣΪԲڡɶʱ򣬻Ѱ̤컯֮ĶɽٵأֻطѪõɽٵˡڷ֮ص춯ʱһ뵽ľŮ¡
춯ظһ顣
֮ش˵дǰסһλ벽컯̫ڶɽٵɵģԴ̫֮󣬴˵رľԿݣˣ޷롣ʶǷɽ꣬Ҳδ̤벽
ڼǰżȻɽժȡҩ⻪ʢ͸һǵĺб䣬Ϣľ̫ߣһ̽뵽ŮˡҲô˻ᣬⲻĺӡ
Сͷǵ׵֡
лˡ˼Ƭ̣Ǵ˵أѩɽҪܵǣ
ɾˡתͷһ⶯ƲСҵ뿪ѩɽǧ֮ıڤ߽Էͬʱ١
ûʲôԣڤ˼ڴ˶ɽ٣ҲӰ쵽飬бڤħּŮɽٶ·ڵĴ컯
㿼ǵúܵ仰΢ͣתͷ˿лֵ֪˽ȥΣգҵĵ£˿һվ
л֪͵߬֡
Ȼ᲻ӦΪл֪úܺû̫ԷֻǾ˸ãӦɾ
лֱֵʱ֪ͨħˣҪλӦ˵飬ܽиǡ
ѻϱĵһˣԲԲͫ׶ˡ


73 
ڤѩɽ, ֮ء
Եģ˵ǿܸоһɸǿҵѹ
̤֮صı߽硣
ѩɽ֮, һȱľŶסͿɽ׵Ķصı㽫ͭŰʵʵ, ڱ, ơ
鲻ƺѾˡĿⲻ䣬ָһӲĹǼףӼһֱ°޳ָı̬, ָĹǴ˽һת
ꡣ
һŶ顢ϵ꿪ѳһ·Ƥһ档
䵥ƿš
صش, ¶谵Ĺߣǽϱ׽Ž¹֮⣬ûбĹԴ
ԽǿԽܸоһڤڤ֮бǣĸоȻطȥл֪Ĺ, ò˵, ̶ܴ仯Ķɽ֮ء
˽ȥ
ڽŲ̤붴ߵʱؽչ, ձı黹ڵδͭŵķ϶ֶļЮס
ֻǻͷɨһۣûйᡣ, ܶ鶼ȥеġȡɡűĶУƳռ÷
һȻĶߣ̫.֮ءһЩΪļӦ˼ǧλ̫
λʦʵҲǷǳǰйܶʦһ򷨵Ľޣ¯Уȴһвϵķ֮һľȱຣ۶ķӣֻüһ˰ʦ֮񣬱㺬ЦӶΪĲϡ
ʢĩβûסеĽֻһлֻ
ĸĸǸʱˣֻʱֻꡣ
򶴿ߵǽڣǽϿŵĹ۹ȻԿóǸл֪ʦͬԴһָ**ˮƽߵǲ¡
߹ŷ׭ģɳϷżһ̯顣Ŀĵһۣҳصдһ
еһкգɱͣЪԹΰݣԩԩ֣Ϊ棬ڣȡ֣ޡޣ
־֮Ϸ·ǿҵԹޣ߶һ˲֣Ǳ飬Ȼһ𾭡
һеСԪͷ;еķޣ֮ԣȻдô
Ȿ飬ɶĸоǿҡǰʿƺ̫ĳֹģźԹϢռһ
һһ鿴ȥ治кܶʿԡд޴ʹ޵ģаԼڲģҲָ˲ġź֮ʤΨһһԹźģֻһ֣
ڴˣɻͷء
ÿһԣбһָддԽɶϵħ֪ɢֻûЯƻǷǳƽȶػ
ֱһ߿ݹǡ
Ŀ΢ʶ̫ĺǡΪˣ룬Ҳл֪İʦ
ߺѾûаŴơÿһǺסˡ
źǹ񣬻òؽǰȻֳָǵŵһż
żԵѾƱ䱡ƺһͻѵⱾӱгȡַ̧һ¡
ǰ涼ǹҲռƷǵţģЩﲢģ̫ĴѰý׵ֻƵҲ޽Ҳûгɹ
ԽһдԣΪԶּЩģ塣ϸؿβǰ涼Լƽһ䣬дȴǣ㲻ź𣿡
˼ǵʯӹʲô
ֺȻֱ仯
㲻Ϊź𣿡
ҲΪ
˭
仰ס
ͣٵɲǣһɺϼͷΧһбûתͷֻϸ֣Ůӡ
ôᣬ׺ɫƬһλӰŮֻסĲ˹Ϊص֪ħ峤ħʧصķգΪ˷ħ󣬿Эָǡ
ĺźζ
ûֻлֹҵľлһΪʲôȾң㲻ź𣿡
ŮͫˮעЩͱ˵Ļ˵Ҳͬ׵һֻʣ³ûʹ
ҡ
ֻ˵һ֣ӺȻŮںսģɫƬҿ䣬仳³ѪÿһϸڶôϤٰͬĺһ
٣Ϳʼˡ

Ѿڱڤѩɽϻ㼯¡
Ҳֻǻ㼯ЩƲԽԽںһ˶῿ɾĺƣȴ¶ûκζ
ڤԵһССĿջУ㼯˵ħ˵ϻļˡڤ򸾡ڣҹ̸ĶĺᣬҲˡ
˵ЩûˡŮлиǷ޵ʱҲ֪ҪǶɽ֮أˣ˭뵽ᰲôã
ˣ˿֤컯٣ģǾͲŮ˽ȥںˣл֪Ҫǳ˵ʲô⣬ٳǸ컯֮ס裬ź˼죬Ҫ˵ھӦá
Ӧʲô챧Ÿ첲⣬˭ҲܴŮ˭ȥҶɱ
½ţؿ˳˳Թ˲ú˵ſھв
⼸̥úƵ˵Ϊ¡лԪҪճˣôУӰɣģħ֣취ɡ
Խ˵Խóƿأ˦ŤͷˡһԵǰס֣οӡ
ҲǾľˣֻû뵽л֪ﴧỴ̈һβ˵䲻ڵĵ죬лͿʼԪ񲻶ۿɼ˵죬ħɢ֮󣬾Ϳʼȡ
֪ôŹģӵ쿪ʼ˾ȫˣܽе˶˹һȺһţҲˡҲͳˡ¶ѻڤ׳ı
˵ģ̥Ƶ̫ΣգʱҲȥ˿³֮صţ᲻ᱻһΣҪǴɽ١
֤컯ĽкֻܶһסӽĺڷĿڣĸֻжɹǰеĽܼ׽ٽ٣£ǽꡢꡭҲ֮С
ꡭ
żֱһͷײСлҪǵ꺢ӵĻŮ˾͵ֺɡ
ְˣֻʣСı¶ˮԣʱʱ̧ͷһ׵顣
ô֪˭͵˵һħ군ܽս
һ£졣
ˡִ̧һԼߵвΣյģ֮ǰôӣҲкö඼ƽƽޣȥģֲʲô
Ƕ˵ֲˣ


74 侲
ѾܾûԼĻ, о˵¶ˡ
ʳħĺֵĻ䣬඼ܹ˱ƷѪ, ЩȻȻܼÿһ˲֮, ԵĹ¼ꡣ
źа, ĸʿûź
δִŮ, еѾλӰһɢˡ΢һ٣Ȼһͯ
ף
̧ۣźͷС档Ϊ߶ȣСӡ۾ֺ, һգգؿ
ɱС𣿡Ů峺, Һ˵𣿡
Ȼ֪ٵһ, ʵѾѶҡġŲæصѲһлл㣿
ҪлĻҲǲСվ˵ʵо֮, ûѡһڵ, 𿴸ɵǸӣ˵Ҳڹǧ˰ٻء
ô˵Ȱʲô
ףͻ֮Ϊ컯֮ǿԲʱġСָͷ, ֻҪͻ, ȻܶźͿӭж
Цһ, ס, Сͨ죺Ŷұɵƭ̫ΣƻҵСϷ, óѡ
˵ɿ֣СԱ࿪
СൽԱߣ˵ûûЧֱס䣬æôƵعħأСҪѽ
ĽŲһ¡
³֮صʱ治һСǹⱻġ׼ȷ˵ľģֻǾʵоֻһ˲䣬û׼Ѿһءʱ׵ĺӶˣûأʣСһ˹¿ꡢؿչ롢ѸŮ
ûͷǵΪô˵Ҿ͡
δ䣬ԭһƬž⻷ͻȻһƬʺĺˮĺˮУĸɽһľޣϲʬƮںϡձһ϶ͽ˺һƵģǿ϶©ᡣ
ۡﾪ̾һѾżءɱҿɲˡ
Ҫʧʱ򣬽ͻȻһ˿һƵħ֯ɵĴڷһɲǼͰѡСУСòʾ˵ġħС
ʵϣҲʲôħΪԴӽ֮ʵ̹ûִֻһ˿ɱһȽϤֶѡ
סġѪ˿İ׹⣬ޱصߣô״桪
һסħڰŰ׹ʱ򣬽ѾĹײϣһ˺
µƬѪԴԴϵйӺˮԴԴ˳һȻĳȴֻܼԡел֪ķꡣ
֪һѪ顣
ɱһ˵ƻ¡ɱ˾˽٣Էˮһ򵥡ΪƬѪֲծֻ
ǡһԴԴϷ˵Ѫûʲô׵ĥšɱȥ᲻ʱ䣬еˣ

ıһԴġ͡ӡ֪ʶеκظϸս
Ҳûܰæǿ׵ģҲȫסûа취ķԴԼΪоŮĲϸħʼͱһشϸе飬ʲôй¡˽ʲôġ
ҽģҲǼƽЩϸ֦ĩڵʱ򡣶ıҩڴ£涼ûӦе㵣ĵֽȥһ󡪡ãԺˡ
һ߰һߴҩóҩƿҩл֪˴Űʱ򣬶ԷˣƣƵ̧һۣȻ
⿴Ҳ˵ĵ÷֦Ĺ⣬Ҫջˣ궬컹˰
л֪ۣ૵Ц
û㿪Цĵǻһ˵ܳģƽŮչţҲûʲôĵġ䲻ôòڣɢˣǼƴղ
ġ
͵͵ģԣָ԰׵һѪɫ
ʲôģҿǷġⱲӻû˽ӹأҲûӹҵҪʲôʧҲֻܱˡĵеӣŵúҲǵģһ壬ôħ߲ҩķӶûУСҩһܹ𣿡ڻôĸƢζˡ
һž׻ࡣ
л֪˼û𣿡
⻰˵ãҪǳ˿϶һʱ㰡ĵӻ𣿡
Էûش𣬷ǳĬƬ̣Ȼʵһá
˵ƢʵûôϣҪչл˵Ӳˣ˾ǲУǵξǷŲҪʾҪѵ㡣òĻ˵к꾫
ֻȰҩҲ֪ûãȻԱߵŽΡŵţͷѩХеˣ֧°ʹ˯
СģһֻƿOO@@¡
ķѾȥˣΪǵԵʣСҲû¡̫ţ·סͿ̫ˡл֪ŵ߳ţȫûдġ
߳ջʱ򣬻ǲһ˸תͷһŵѻֺܹ´ڵôˣ״̬񻹲عⷵգ
л֪ƽͣǣҸоҿˡ
ѻ㱻ԼĿˮǺˣǻʵʵȥš
лҡҡͷ˵УôԶһܵġ
ѻ÷˼Ŀһ飬Ȼ˰벽ʣðɣҪȥĶ
ָָ̧ƻ㼯ĵط
˻
Ҳ῿̫ġл֪˵ҲӰɽ١
㲻῿̫֪һ׽ļɽͷ˵úվžһءѻȰ㡭
ȱȰҡ
ѻĻ˰·ϣȻͿлϺܳ侲ͷȻһСů¯ܲѩɽǱˡ
⻹˵ã⡢⻹˵ã
ѻæչȥһ߸һ߶𷢷вУ˭֪ʲôʱô䣬һи̡£ע·
ãһл֪һŲѩҺѩˤҲûʲô̫⣬ǲ¡Слѩմϵѩһоϵֱˡ
û衣ȷʵͦ侲ģĺܣ˵Ҳס
˵䣬˿عһЩǸҵ˼ǣ㲻õҡ
ˡѻҴȥ
һֻ񣬿л֪ôĿİͰ͵߹ȥһΣҲܰɴһ򣬱˼ٱӵԼϣƻ㼯ĵطȥ
˵ģ׽̫װԼĽҲһǳΣյ顣ýվ뷴׼ȷһЩѻܿЩƵĵطڰȫΧｫл֪£һСѩķ嶥ϡ
л֪е㷺죬ַ֪ȡú紵ģ᲻ħ
ѻƫͷչȥ˵ʲô
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ôĥôԴأѾû𣿡
ûˣл֪˦ͷƺԺԺǲ˦ȥҲܳԴ𣿡

ѻһʱ˺ðβŵҪԸ⣬ӦҲܡ
л֪ͷڴΪ˲ö̫ǣһֱѹſ⣬²泩һЩһֵҪѲܱС𣿡
ﵽ׶ʲô
Ҿһ˵л֪䣬Һܸмҹ


75 

лֺ֪, ѻתס˴ķ, עл֪ɫ
úܺ, ë޵գ۽˵ѩշ죬ȥеίԼûô, ۾֧򥡢ԶϹֵĽס
ǴչҲû, ðǰļȥײŻᶯѻ, ̫, һͰȥ
ššл֪΢شӦ, ˳ִǸСů¯, ̿ˡ֪
֪ʲôѽ㡭
ѻҪ߶, ǰ, ԭתɫкȻһɲζݵɻǲǴʱ, һֵĹЮըѵĵ, ֱѩɽ嶥, һը֮ء
׽ٿʼˣѻգգ, л֪һ׽ٹ
л֪ǱߴһۣŻݹеӾ֮ǰʾ, ûѵ, ˼ģ¿ףٶ۵ؿʼҪǸˡ
Ѿ̫ˡ
л֪Լ, е㷢ȣ׵ĹӳΧѩϣ߻ε۾Ҳ飬ֲ۽ǵˮоСҲе˷
¡
λȷʵԶÿһը춼ѻעһʱϣһоֻˮɵһ֣תͷһл
л֪ղŻúõģ״̬ˣһѩɵ޻Ŷ
л㻹Ҹȥˣ׽ٲŸոտʼŮʱӦá
δ䣬ƹиֳһɺܱꡢһе㽹ǵϢҪϸӦ֪ŮȻϢȫϡ޷ƿصٶļ϶չһյĹ
ֻڰҵʱ䣬ѻ͸оһԾ޴ĹԵһлסˣٶûܷӦϻûͣЪܵ⡣
Զ㡣׽ٵĹֻѻ˵ôһ䡣
˿׽δ꣬ƻλƶѻҲҵֱ뿪ߡ⴦ѩԭ˿̱׵ϯܵɰضɫըɡ
׽ٻûڵһ׳ֵʱע⵽л֪Ϣôˣ
л֪״̬ãкϼԼǸоܸо߰˳ɡ£˫ܵظסкһУͬЩϵϵҲûл֪
СлιȥˣҲûʲôӦؿ
նȥɱ˵ۿ϶ǼٵģĲıƣҪǿ̫ˡۿž΢ƽһЩл֪ա
еȡ
۽΢˫ۿһȻȥסĲǳǳغЩ÷ζϢ
硭૵
šӦһȻڻԹԣ𶯡ҪǱմһͻɻҽˡڿǺΣյģ᲻ú£
л֪ٶ۵ҡҡͷСƬֵ̣ͷӡ
伸ԭͳֵģѪһɺƮɵĻ棬ӼָȫϼӲļףָϵĴ̿׾ٵػлֵ֪ʱ価Ǵ̣ƽ޺ĵط
СЩƾʹǿҵСһ£ȻԸоŵĲֶˡԺδʶʲôй䣬ǿŵл֪壬ͦõز˲ġ
л֪ץڵһս
硭ૣѾŵ㷢ʹˣл֪̣󲿷ֵʹ֮ŵ΢Ĵ
ţڡѾû˼˼ʲôˣĹⱻ׽ٹγһ׺ۺĲ֣⼸ûʹУҲ⣬ֽ⿪ϵ·
л֪úܺ񣬲Ǻܷ⿪⿪ϵĿӣû͸оеһ͵͵³ʹԼĿǻ
Թԣ̲סʹ
ӲҲûú˵̵زȥҧһڡ
л֪չʱͽ˹ǼףСлڰ׾ݱԭѵˣڼϵҲأйʹƵҧƤʿɶֹҧƵˣ
ʹˡе㷢˵Ȼ³ѵó
һ£л֪ʱѾ**ŪһͿˣ˿л֪գָȡʵѶȺܸߣȫˮץס
ʲô鰡ǿ顣л֪ûˣѾȥˣֱֻۻе
һҽǶȣһŻʱʱصͺ߼Ҳ̫ż̫ħһӲƤʵСӣֻĵӹǡ
Ҷħʵ󣬵Ǹˮõǣ·Ū˲١Ҳ֪ԼûǣŲܰл֪Ū͸оһöؼ˳ȵָ
ʶʱΪܡ
ѵȡʱл֪۵÷ʶҧϵļȫӡµĺۼ
ֱסл֪˵öĵǡŲĻƣÿƶģۿȥͦÿġ
Թԣϵ˼䣬𣿡
ԷûʲôԺģðβɤ³һ䣺ˡ
ѽⲻӻת𣿡
תˡ
ţѾתˡϣкŮ
л֪ûشֵҲССְɡ
ƣ̧ۿ˿ȻҺۡ
úá

⼸׽ĺûӡ
ɢȥ䶶һ³򣬹ĲžµȻãôóҲȷ³çһЩ
䱧صڤԵ
׽ٽٵһ̣ջ˾Ͷˡѻܿͷؿջ֪л֪ټЩ˲Űע׽١
ͣЪ˾ͼħĹǰ£Ȼۼԭ𲽽ħβͺͽǻûջȥ֮⣬󲿷־йԵѾѹƻȥˡ
ǰл֪˷䡣
ﻹȼŶ㣬ǶİҩѾеˡ
Ž컷ƵϣŪ·ȫѵһֱŸǹл֪ļָ
һħ壬ҪֻܷŽﾻһٴ̺Ƿ鷳䲢⣬л֪̽۾񣬺Ȼж
öƯƯԲĵӱＷ˳ĸ׵Ŀע֮󣬲źȻͣ
ĵؿ
һؽԭء
ôСƬ̣ȥĶȥ
طһϢȻĬĬꤻرл֪ߣɡС


76 ƿ
л֪ʱû취ָ
ľ, һҹ΢תڻãлعۣʵĴɴ, ͿıӰ
ƺҲһˣ㲻, ŴӰιѻл֪ӰеĲͽӰ, һǿõħ
ŵܹԵز˲֡
лûӣ֪˼ҰСʲôĸоǱһö, һƬһµʱ, öԲĵִ˳, أͣϸӡƬ̡
˵ӣû۾л֪ȷȷʵʵظоؿ˿Լ
ôˣʡ
ħ˿Ťͷһߵ, ע⵽ûԼʱ, һµعı죬л֪㶵Ŀ, žһ˴
л֪崻öµؼԶ, Ժﲻ֪Ǹûаѵˤ飬ȽѵСһﲻܡ
ؿӵذϹһôԶҪڣͿڵǰ·Ϻһѩ׵Ĺβ
βֳ־£ö˵ǿԽȥǵԵƬ, оԼָס׵ߣ̵ءе㲻鲻Ըֹ˻ȥ
л֪˿΢ؿ
ԲĵͣڴߣְСû뵽ԭһ٣ȻȻ˴齣ֵַı
л֪ôôл
һߴ˽Ųιһ߲һ߹ûƽϸղְһöúöĵȥ飬л֪գͷĶŵú᣺ˣˡ
л֪˵ö£ͱס˴ִӲྱšգȻָס򥣬ǳȻشǺһ
һͺڿȥˡ
˰Σл֪³һ΢Ƶô
šƬ̣˳Ȼ
˳Ȼ
˵ɲҪ̫ˡлֲ֪ǺĿ⿴Է׵ʱǺ͵ˣ۾ô˳Ȼܹģܶô졣
һ㱻ӣֽ⿪ɫӣԻһҲħûô㲻̫ġ
̫ģлֿ֪ۣסָ㲻öһĵ˵ıֹڻԾ𣿡Уô·
ҿָôˡ˵
֪̽飬ǵҪ۾ȥ𣿡л֪ƮƮصơ
ţ㷢ΡԺʱû̡
л֪
˳µۿָлָ֪⣬½ϵİƴ塣
ĬĬͷƫ˹ȥ˪׵Ķе㷺졣
ںůڴ·̿衣ο¯Űĵ㡣㲻ñӸҲǱ˱ӵ£ѹʵʵġ
ô²Ȼˡ
л֪ƫͷԸȷʵ࣬ϸڣЩΪ飬Ҳ͸˵ˡ
Ÿ̿Ͽɣϸع۲˺ð죬ȥԱһ´УϻûԱȳٵ˿ס֣еˣܲһ㣬ڡ
ûж䣬ȫˡ
㡭
Թԣźúø塣øΪԲڣط豹棬ײй¶ϢЮһɷ̵¶ȣҲ㣬һ¡
л֪ϵˣ˫ɫ۾Ȼֻǵͷɿ֣Ӵ׹.ᣬֺһս˳źǻȥľѡ
⵹ʲô˽ܵĵطִл֪˵ǱѾõϢ͵һײѹƵһ̺Ϳƶ˺ײ鵽ɸԭĳ̶ȡ
Ȼ˵Ļôģ᲻
л֪סĴ
ЦһָָһССӡ

лֺ֪µ𣬰ľȶԣζȻŨˣȷûӣһ
º󣬼̻طħ
ڷ֮ǰȥл򸾣ҳŵСʱʱرڤһԻ޶˵˼֮顣֮⣬ᡢģҲһһл񣬲˻ǻȥ
صħ֮󣬳˽л֪ô֮⣬ǽһ񣬻иٰﱸν顣ԴʵûȤֱӷٲЩ߰Ķ
ʮħسʱл֪Ÿ顣
һ׺һ磬̨꣬Ϸһ費֪ʲôʱȥҶϱȫ꣬˳ҶӵıԵ»䣬ʪյġ
л֪ѵŽŻ¶ȣȻҳ¡֮Сż˵һЩɹº֮¡
ĵþ۾żһֱʾԼҲ׵ţ˵ЩܿĶ˾ٱڵ˵󲿷ʱŶֻǸоҵ˵ѣھܼס٣ʵں˵׼
ٱϿܺг
л֪Ȿ飬һ䷭ħ׽鼮涼쵫ϲȫħ׭ģΪһȻǻġ
ûڣħ˷ȸԾعϥϣ磬žһϣϴת
ƣл֪ɲ
̴ͷ𣬵һҳһöˣȻĻʾöˮ֡ǹ룬Ϊ˱磬ʼսħ
һ
л֪óĬѡ
Ǹ¡ûƿǵ̿С˵ǲ̫йһЩ
л֪̲סʼˡ
ɣһͷᡢдͣˡĽŲӺ󷽻סѹ࣬ϢȻл֪ϸֳɵ˶ǲҪƿˡ
ôġл֪ϸעӴôһ󡣡
ޡ㲻ħ˵Сʱ򣬾Ҫƿˡ
ʲô𣿡
ûУҶô˵ǡ顣
л֪ǣҲ̫ˡ
𣿡ⲻͦõģ㿴
ѹͣƺл֪Ϊ֮ſ̫ģ΢΢ʪ.Ĵꡣ
лϵһоϢĵطһ΢΢ط
ƫͷһע⣬һ߻л֪ϣ漸ĶصǰջѿˣҪסȥˡ
ǣл֪һ˼𣿡
ҾеѡҪ츳ֺ֪㣬Ҳûпܡ˵ӦǸгβ͡ǵġС
һ˵һץסָ
ϴ״ƯĿϿӡ
俴һ۶ԷѾõѪĶƫͷĲµؼ᲻᲻ϲ
ôܡġ
Ҫ㲻ϲĻҺĵġ
ϢߣȽ޷ѵĵزȻóݼҧסĶл֪ʶ΢һ͵طӦǹ.Լġҵ඼Ҳ
˵.鵽Ѿʱ򣬵ȫѿˣһСԴ˳
һ˫ͫǰһһգգ
ֵĿҲ䣬¶̶֡װ۵ͱһѩ״۵ĹԼƨɺǽػֲĹβߵһһ²£αװһ
СӵȻŤԼβͣϵҺ˦ɾſؽһ
ͦ׼
ͷ˵ȥ԰ɡ
ԣʲôл֪뷨ðһͼСһ鵰Ƭеø졣
л֪ͳ
ôÿɰǰѯһô̵ֱԱӦǹŮǸħ
ɰл֪˵꣬ԼѾƽ̹Се΢ػ㱣ǴҶȥ𣿡
ǰôСҪǹĸŮˣ


77 
̳úܿ졣
ʮĹ, Сͳ˺üȦл֪·ŽҡСһ̫öûʱͻȻ
ȡ֡
Ķȥˣ𲻶ҡ, ô˵һ䣬Ķͷû£, ħ̡
л֪̾һħٶԭġ
ħٱΪûСл, ǶҲ̫ˡ
䵹ûʲôԣСΧħ°Ѽ̳˵֮, ʵϼ໤˶ǷģСӺö, ӲҲס
סףл֪С, Ҫ´, Ϊħ己ܹһ֮ʱ͸оʳ˳һ˫׾ֵСץס˴ɴ, 
䣺
л֪ģ汧һû˿Сӵβĩֲܷ, ʱ򻹿Ʋ̫ãһըһѿȻ৵غ£
̶ͷϵĽҲ, ֻ¶һ㣬˼ǰ͸ģһ㱡Ѫ˿
У׼ſлָ֪ͷȻ׵עץ½ͷ˹ҵһߺ̵ĵطһеóԾʵˡ
俴˿ӣֿ˿
л֪ͱŪˣСָץҵģѩ׵Ҳɿ¶ΪδԵл΢ء۾üҲ£һһЩִƵͷ
Щš
ҺСȻͳҲҧǲעʱżȻЩл֪Ѻӱιιе㲻˼һ̧ۣͿ۾Ŀת
㡭
л֪û˵꣬βͱչ˸ͷ
ôôβͷȻЩ̫ȷƵл֪࣬ʵþι˵ǣѾԳʳˡ
ûСǡ
ҲܾܾһʮĺӰɣ
û˵ĻҲŵͷ׵һûֱ֮׾䵽һߣú촽סʳԴ̵ؼܡ
֣ǿ˿˵СӣȻֿ˿ĵطСĿˮŪˮܵģӡĳݺۣл֪ûʲôˮ涼ˡ
仹ûô壬ͼһֻ˪޳£ס½󣬵סߡЦЦ滷סлôԣҿУ
˵ʲô㡭滹Сء
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