𽡷
: ʱ

İ
ʼ꣬ӱѲ۰ְ¼ճɻ顣
統գӳ䲻شӱϻأı֮Χס
ˣ
֮գ繣ָ򢣬ҪģֻĽ˿ȸɲǾ̥ľܡ
乬ΪãҹһȣһУٲܻͷ
ѦɢؽֳȵģֻҪܷŹҵɷʲôԡ
ԴˣλְȴλҹгˡֱӴ齫Яӡ

ܰСڣŮڷУֵϲɡǱֳ֡
Ŀ𺣬ﻹ޴һڣȴѪ𣺡ְΪֺҰ
----------------------
ʱѦϲ׷ڸ󻽻֡
ʳجΡ

İ
ʼ۳Ѳδ飬ؾһ£ȥְӵĻϣǿռ
ְߣ֮Ҳɫ޾
ף
ǿȡ&Ѫ&᳼ޣǰںװ˺װ˺ܷ裬ƫִ״롣
˫cŮиҪĸ߽൳룡еµ޵£ɰߣ
ǿȡѧǿȡƤģܽܵĽ
Ůƿ뺣޷ѪԵϵǰСڻɳ
гֵʫʼĽΪãԭ,wb:һֻѽ
İԶγ2020.08.11

ݱǩ ͢ ж ս ֮
ؼ֣ǣۣѦ  ǣлZ  һᡷ
һ仰飺ҵĻ϶ǿȡ
⣺Ҫ໥أǿ


1 ޣ
ʼ꣬϶£գӻ֦
ն꣬žһ꣬ļϽҲʪ⡣ϲдˮ˳ߵһһˮﵴȦȦ
£ޡˮܽؿޡ
īҲģǲʺȻʱص粴УڴǰܣרעػŴȵܽޡ
ǰŮŽڰϣĻֽ촽ҧ۷ɢ
Ůȹãȴֻɫص¡
ɢѻɫҲϸ񾱱ߣϴƬƬ׼
磬ϸһһɼ
ʷ£ڼıȵӯڽޣü¡
׹ıһܽޡˮͼʢϵҪعͷ촽źϣˮƺ˵Щʲô
𶯡ĵЩá
˱ıűʹܣһ衪
ܽ٣˫縡ơ粻֪ţȹ
ߣĲ꣬ܽؼ米췢һֻҲͣ
ڿޣƺһжǳԱ⡣в֪ʣϵ˶ת뻳
һݺ羪ڶعͷһ˫ˮۣ硭
ξ˶Ȼɿաۻۻۡ
ԭȵܽ˽ͻȻۿ⣬ݵĿäȡ֮ơ
£ͭɽ¯̣Ũʼɢ޷ŵιӰ
Ŀһ٣ļþõȻʧ
ô
̼ŷϴĹ˵Ⱥ֮⣬أʱдɳƵͳһ
Ǳˡ
æӦر£ūڡ
ʲôʱˣ
ر£ǳʱˡ
壬䲻ϳȴҲҪҪ̼ĵѣ£ְ˻ˣ̫˵̫ȥҪȥô
ְ
ʼ䣬ӷ΢΢һ٣ԺӦֳһŷ۵ӯӯС
ʮŮδѣüһ£ȴ뷽ŻμŮЩơһ硱졣
ˡ
ȷйһáһѵõá
ô﹫ȴֻһܻ硱ġ֮ǰѸԶ»䵭˴Ӵδ档
ѵμ
ܡ
۷ü
δӦ齸¡̼Ƽһզࡣ
ǲϲ
λְҲ֪ΪȴǻˡѹʹѦŮδʱȥĸ׺빬÷ְ
ʱڹԭͱҲǢȻĸ׺ӺݶŹ֣иʲɱӤͯȡ֣ƻȵµ빫ҲԶ
֮ǰȵȥѳᣬŮ֮Ƿйŭùߡ
ֶ̫̫ϱһϲʱĸӸ̫̫Ҳ֮빫ʶ·֮ʱȥ˻
ʮ꣬Ů󵱻ͣ˵ͬϵĶӡã̫̫֮ʮĴҲ쵽ˣ˻Ԥºּ̫̫ͻ顭
ţ̫ǲ˹Ϊù
˼ţǰִɳƵˮ
һ£ֺܿع
Ӽ꣬Щ꣬ΪȵɥδҲǸӡֻһΣʶЩ졣
ûҶʣӽԡһ䣺Ҫȥܹô
۴ʱѽˮУüĿiԡؼӿˮ治
õĳĬ֮ӵȥ
ǣϴţѽʱˡ
̫ĳܹΡ׼Ժ䣬мشԻȣֲݣӳžͺʯïֲľʵɹڡ
ӵ﹬Ժ֮ʱ̫ƫӼؾְСŷɱǰӦ£
ū¡
£̫ƫְԼˡ
ͷĵ̧ѥϽסŶ̫δЦ
ӣ겻Ѿͷˡɶ㣬ҪǻңõŮӡ
ãǣĹһȲְɫ㣬ĸԭţ®һɾû뵽ȵȥ
ӻǸˬʵŮϣĶúã̷꣬ǰʮ꣬ȫ̫֮檲Ҿӹ
̫ҲЦˣ˵£һֱ߶ְءչãвǵġ
ҿӵĻ£̫̫ȻãҲҪͱ˵һųɡҲ׵ãɱ³ͻ飬˳
Ҳã̫ģ̫ġЦ˵
Ųһ٣iüۼӹ˵⹧Ĺй̫ͨ󣬱ˡ
̫Ц˵أɾˡ
죬ȥ½
һڹ˵̫ͣ񣺡Ӽĸס
ĿһɨֻԺӰ
λλȻ̫ϡ˸˺һϸŮǽŷ֮һĳ¿лϵĵĸϣԼǾδıáְѦɡ
á
̫ЦкְúлҲĸˣɣҲûˡ
ֻŵŮְݼ֣һֱ߶ء
ŮӯӯӣӨŵȹĵӵޡ
к׵Ŀ㣬Ůòƺһ㣬ޡ˼
˷˵ʱŮüˮשϴ⻨ͶµĶ䰵Ӱһ˫ˮۣ֪¶΢΢Ц⡣
޾¡
ż̫ǰһְ֡
뷽ŻμĽŮʲôͬüͷѾص񡣡
룬ʷ깬˴ӣĿԣһ˲岨纣㴳һ
·һֻӯӹһ˲䣬ӵʫƪ
ˡ
Ŀɡ
л˵
Ѧ[zhi][huan]ۣǧҪɺ (=^^=)
ǽϱǶڽܿմӻ⡣İܹԣߣһɾŶϣܺͺггģ
һͥ磨ޣᡷ


2 
ʵڴõʱְѦҲĴֳ
δֱ̧ӣĿһīдơײϲŸ͵һۡ
ֳǰ뿪ʱҲûʲôʮ֮£һݿ̡
۵˿ҵԸɫ˿ʮƣׯصţĵ
Ȼѹ֮е䵭ʣ뷲£˲ɱӡĵ׺Ȼ
֡ǹ
ֳͬ䵭ֿ꣬ȴǺġǰͻֺҪáǵãʱ̫󲻵ó裬סȱ¶ʳ͵͵͹
ɵʱһ󲡣ȵתѱʽΪ̫ӣ˼ĻˣȻҲˡ
ʱǵԼϵĿþҲδƿͬӥѦɽЩ
ٶǵͦεӰһѣ֡
ǰ¸ġš֣ʯµۻջع̫¡
ɡϵѦɱǼһζ
ñط꣬Ҳ׽֮ɫԹ˵ͷ衣
ȴŵ㵣Ҳδۿ
˵룬ѦЩ̫ЦʣôˣûˣҲ˵
ʱĺܺĸ׿ɼǵãʱ㻹ҼңͰɵġ
һ仰δ˵գѦĻƬƬĺΡæְ֪ʱʥʵ
ֿˡ
أƣǲһ˿
һĨ𷽲ŵĻΡ΢ļѸƽû¡
ֻ̫ŵŮ٣ϣ
ѦɲƳĲڣæûȥ
һӺ̫ǣŸͷ˴λعҪסڹеģ̫˴ȥµ
۲δȥǣ̫ӵʱĴ£֪Щʲô
΢΢ɺְ߽ʮˣǣɴˡ
Сʱ˵Ҫ¸ôҲû뺣Σ̫ЦŴȤ
۲δ״лľȥķ򣺡ʱˣĸ׺αشȤӡ
̫΢΢ףҲǣְҪɻˣСӣƲþ͵ּ̫̫ͻ顣
㣬ҲСˣͰҵĻ£Ҳöˡ
̫£֪أĲİĺŮʱ񹬡ܻĹǽ
ڣյһһصܻںǽ»򰵻ǳļӰзױŮӽ±Ļڴͷϣ֡
¸ٰɺòã
Щ£ʵѵˣҲʵڻơ緽Ų֪μĻƻΡ
΢΢˲Ŀָֻһı˪ɫ£Ǹĸ֮Ҳ⡣һеĸʲôԸġ
ʮսҲĸշֵ񡣡
Ӧˬ죬̫Ҳ˿΢Цף룬ĸǰο

ᣬѦͬ˰˺µ˺ܿҪؼѦһֱ͵˺µĹ֮⡣
ˣ͵ɣ㻹͵ȥɣᣬЦŵ
Ѧɵͷĸ·ϵġ
Ů޶ѻӨһ޵ĳ⡣
֪еЦҲ
֪ѦΪʲôͬģҲЩġ
ѦϵĹ˷ޣǵҪӹз޲˳
ƫƫиĻĸף그̫Ҳãȵ̫Ҳã̵ĹŮҲã˾ûв˽ġ
Ҫص˵᲻
ϵĵµ۵̬ȣʱϵãȻŷţ·ǽ⵱¡
续ṴճŮ͸Ц٣ӣƵޣ´
̾ժ仨Цſοûʲôġ
ղѾڻ·ˣȵ̫̫٣Ǿȥ̫̫ͻ飬˻飬Ǿžۡ
Ѧɴ΢򣬲˼صüȴίʵۡ
ĸ˵òٹЩӣĸһлɾˡΪƬ̵ķ룬ʲôأ

Ѧɾʹںµס
ǴõĹҲѦʱĸӵסĸʢ裬þͱ֮ݣӴѦаѰ֣㽫ȥʱΪ̫̫̫ӵѵںµѦҲʮϤ
˷ֻŮһ죬һľ
УСĹˣءľлҵļŮá
µ¹Ǹò긾ˣߺ󣬱һ˹Цʰūȼ
ѦһЦʾԷùˣԼˣˡҹùǹеˣְպ󣬻عùõĵط
ֳľʹ˸ɫľضһǰַˡ
ϲЦտס˵лĻʹ͹Ѧǣȥ͡
ʵʱѽһڹ˶ˣǺúչˡȻУеҲҪЩѦ׵ġ
οŵĸڹʱûٵˣʱǨڹ޿Ȼѧ磬СĶա
ҹﻹЩ䣬ҹɫ֮ẮƱڵ֮ϣƮĺ޴ڡѦӵ£֮Ͽ顣
½״æͷ˼ѡ룬ֲĵľȥⷿҪЩľ̿գҹﻹأɱù
ľӦȥⷿŮҪЩ޽̿޵ͭˡ
ڽ¡޽̿ԭǽ֮޴̱֮й֦㡣
Ѧϴ˯ˣҹľҹ֮ʱ̿أɱ˯ˡ
ҹ̿ش̿ȷϹǿŵĺЩġ
֪֪ˣȥϢɣǵҰŹϡľЦеأһСϡ
кܿ˺ڰͭľ̿΢ңɽ¯պơѦŮȵĺ˯
Խ˯ȴԽȣڰžǹľ֦̿ƺԽԽŨֻε֣һ޾ԨȥһͬסĺԽԽȴͷʹѡ
֪˶ãجج䣬Ѧż󼲿ĽŲ콹ĺؾѣԴ
һȴ˶˹֪ʱѱ˴ϡаһƬѬۡ
Ѧ֪ãæסڱ˴齣Ҳѳ˽ų˷䡣
ͷŮѱѣȼյľ̿ཫڻ״̬ľ˳ȥ
ūóˣ빫
̻ƲɢõϢһй̤¼ͨѦǰ¡
Ѧѱ£»ˮӻҹǺɫָ
û¡ҡͷϢЩȥľ
ǰľ̿ȻҲ͸࣬ȵȳʱȻԹȥ˿̼ʹ˫ĿҲǿնһƬûʲô󰭡
һʱûֻ·ҹлصǻһĿɣ²ѡ
÷Ĳ£ȥδɲ¡
ҲƵ÷ľ򿪵ĴգŮ͹˸˯Ļ⣬Ϊ
˭ǰ뺦
һɹ˶ڵѦĲ»վ΢ЦԼĴ⣬ùúθأҲûʲô£̿˳ȥ̿ɢȥͰ˰ɡ
£Է赭дϲЩѦɶһ٣
ҳоͷ£鴫̫̫̫Уֻǵǲ£ȲҪ˵˰ɡ
л˵
߸QAQ


3 
ƺࡣ
͸ľУӺһۣȻûɵصһ䡣
ʱš̼оһ˲˵ְô
̷ӦūţǱȴǰᰲ࣬òЦˣ˵ˣǳˡ
΢΢ף̾ǳˡ
ƽʲôҲûǳ¶ˣĿ
ǣһԺ΢ЦУȴһ
¡һ£ū֪ò֧֧ص
ʲô۲ÿɷ
źµǱЩ⡣˵ǴӲˣЩ̿˷ֵüʱѾûдˡ
£ҪūȥôѯʣǲͬѰ
н̵ʱǧϲ᷸򵥵Ĵ󡣶⹬ҸͺûҲѣ׼˽ϵĳԹְϡ
˫۵Įֻżʱзһ˿ڵҲԡΣֻһء˲û𣿡
ǱӦô͵
֪ΣļǸ֪˭Ļɫһͷ裬ļЩĪҲһͷػްˡ
ǲѦɡ
û˵Ůμ
ȰüĿ䣬֪ǲܣҲ
ͱǰ·ͣʱڴǰ£Ҳ֪ޡ
ֻ֪ж˵ְҪãÿÿְûаЦ⡣ö֮Ҳˡ
£·Ӧ˹Įʵò׼֮ˡ
µУѦҲû˯šڵ񻨿̷ĴϣɢüĿ䣬ŷŵ¡
£ô
ľѾ˯£湫Ҵűǡص뺦
Ǹ߹ˣȥ̫̫Ϊɡ
ѦҡͷĸǴ죬Ƶ빬Уշ˿ôáǲҪˡ
Ǹ߻أ
ļͷֺܿ챻䵭Ѧһ̣૵԰ɣܲܣԼѱҳ
ܽ˰ȥٺòˡ
գѦԸ⴫黹Ǵ˺̫У˺Щչܲܣͬµйٺ
ľûʲô󰭣˯һֻܿˣֻǵҹļʧȥһ㣬ǲǰ¡
ҹ£Ѧֻǲش֮ʣδĹˣƺʹ˽ҹһպµƽ˾
Ⱦǰ£ľÿҹضҹСĶҲȳŶ˸Ψ©
գţ¶šˮ⾫Сɣʻ¶ѩľսһţü
ôйɿʵζء
ŵĹЦýֺãʡʻ¶֮ЧԹٺòġ
ɣû߹𣿹ܡ
ľ˵·鼱֮²˵©졣
ԷӦ򴽣ֽӹʳûûʲôȥɡ
ӣƺ΢
ôôװɣ
ߺľյʻ¶֮Уƽ޺󣬵س
¶ڣͲܳʰ
ѦɹϣֻһЦ׿е顣
ЩѾͷľȥûлġϷҲݵЩ
ԭҲò׼ڰǷϵ˵һǱǵȲ˵ġÿԶһѡ
Źϰʰ
һűע⵽˵ſ֦ҶïӻϺڵﻹдŵ̰ɫ֭ܿع񣬽а
Ǻµ¹ˣȻѦɲҪź򣬵ҪҲ١ѦʲôҲδһ㣬Цкùˡ
ϲֹػѦڹеӡѦɺЦ𣺡ûʲôһ˳ģǷŹùˡ
ǺѼ䣬ϱˡľŵشյŮ߶ūţǲ񰡡
˭֪ء⹬˸˾Ƴʲôɸ˺úöųǱߵĶʲô飬̫ȥ
ľȴͬ
Ǻ̫󣬸㲻ǻ˾̫أɿȥ
ҲףҪʲôֻҪͷ˳ذлҡԽʱܶԷ֣ǶϷȥ
ҹȻһʤūʷۣ˪ǣ·󷹵Ӳ֪Ľɡ
ô죿ľʡ
Ѧ澵߾ǺкɫǦϣ⾵𨣬˫ˮѩ
ʵϣǶʹ
νųļϢ̽ԷǷжˡ
յʤūǶԷ̽ȻðϷȫˡ
ҹȻ㡰Сۺ;ϽһƬľҵȥ˳ҩ
ϹʰʱѦϣ֯ܽصϼ£ֻ¶˰ط˺⡣
ûʲôģ봺ëˡʣµ˵ֻһҩͺˣùòصġ
ǿҪôϹػÿӣԷûϵһ㣬æñסǺ
ҲЩ˵ģͲŹùˡƹ򶨣лŭĲ
û˻ԼЦοˡϲԿο˼䣬뿪
ȥ찵иں󣬹֮󣬾ֱȥ˳
ʱһˣľżҩ¯ðߵҩ֮ǰεȷϹ˺󣬲ִӻȡһʷۡ
ʱٳȥּۿؽסֻҩ֣ʲô
ϴ󺧣ţҪ˦
Ťһʷ۱ѩ˪׷ڵϡʱѦҲ˰ָЭ㽫ס
㾹Ȼû£
ƼѦɣŻعζŵصɴνʣװģ
Ѧɲÿɷ񣺡ҲùãùΪҪ
ΪΣ߳ȥصǸôԴõģԭڵ빬ˣΪһָ㱻ʵ۽ȴЦΪ֣
ﺦãٺ㣬ӦôѦϼˣ飬ⱨӦģ
ڵص긾ӼŭŤ־г֮ޡ
ʹв²ĸȻ׶ѦɻǱ΢΢㱡
ʲôҲû˵ֻԸľȥ̫ߵĳùù

ľܳȥһ·ؽ磬ʷݻǣһͦεӰĲƱ
ʲôˣ
㱻֮⣬ľסϵҫѩһתݺ£
£ȾǹɣмҪ
Ǵǻۣżһһ˿ŵĲãĮƲ
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ūǺµĹˣǸǹģ£µ¹ŮӺѱ߲ס²öᣬΪǹľе˵
ҪΪ
۽ü΢ƺһ˿ǡȴ䵭ڣദԽ¡ȥɡ
طһ
طǰľȥľֱ죬æ£Ĳ𣿹׵ѽ
˵ĽλֳعҴҪֳҲڹΨһ֮ˣȾѽ
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ľâڱ˼еĹҧȻ˵֮ŮһжҪ£¿ڹȥϣֹ
һԵ̼жݣæѣ£лƫеȺء
к̨سҲδʺĸס۱̸Ϊļӹ̽ӵ̰һ¡
ȴţԷط߰ɡ
ʲô֣ʲôΨһ̡Ҫʲô
л˵


4 
ݰٺµʱѦѽܵŽƵصȴľ
ǵ·˵ӰѦһ£ֻţְݼ֡
ȴǻ̻̲ѡ
ֻľȥ̫ߵĳϣȴô˻ֻôԼ
ѦһʱЩңڵϣµļᡣ
ۿɵ͵Ϲž޲Ѿ˵Ҫ㣬ƺ޴󰭡
⻰з𱸣Ѧɵͷøˣְ߶Żˣֽ
ŮϸŵɫȹڵʱδĳȫڵıϣɢŨīһزȴѩ
Ի۵ĽǶȥǡԿ۽ذoһ
΢΢üɫƿߣ¡
Ʋãѹһʱͣ
һᣬҹ£ȴûʲô飬սɡ
ʷ깬ϲѦӲͷƤһյϣ֣ò衣
ûнӣɨйŵ긾ˣ
˵ɡΪˡ
ѦɱֻһֱǸϥƣɬҲѿ͸ˡ
ūûʲô˵ġϵһƽ˵£֮Ϊε𡮴֡
Ǻ֮Ůôĸܹūֻûһ֮Ů
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ſһۣɤ嵭޲ϲ衣
һ׾ӵֺҲƣѦϾȵһ죬޵ݡ
ҵ÷ǰӹ£̵ָͨɪС
ܲõطִ꣬ȡ
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ջߣתϣǺϣǹûдĸܹ֮ҺǰԵһʹ
ıף͡ط
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һʹôȴЦӵҲ˿˿ޣ£ծӳ쾭壬Ϊ˾Ϊӣ˵Ļѵأ㽫ǰ¶𣿡
⻰һڹɫˡ̺ȵķ踾ȥĥʲô
Ů˼ſķЦޱȣܿ챻ȥѦȻ⣬ȴܵһɺګګֳ
ĮȻƲκϲŭͷ·ȥʱķδһ㡣Ѧδ룬ǿ򶨵ع£ְл֡
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5 
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СʱҲ͹
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ʯϵĿ׾Լģ
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7 
գ³һѦɰȥѵݼ̫̫лϡ
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ڶʯƽСϣľԷɣǰһԺУѦЩš
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8 
ĸƢһˣطϡ
ѵۺȻ˵ǰο
Ѧಽظڻ΢Цͷְ֪ģлл֡
ţΪʲôǣ
Ѧ΢ʵ˵ĲĸأΪŮҲΪ¸еѪУҲӦΪ
ĸʧȥĸҲֻǱˣʲôʧءûʸ㿪Ҳûʸ񷴲
ڶУΪõĶ¶οֻסһ仰
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Ṵӹһ˿ȴʣɱأ
Ѧ´ΪŮϾĸ캦֮¡ǳҷйĸ׵Թп⣬Ҳͬ⡣
һ٣ӰּСصҲͬģ𣿡
һίֺ׽֮⣬Ŀ΢عʱ˫ڴССԼ˫һȴƹߡһοǰ۵
õȲӦѦЩȣҲ΢΢Լæ
ϲְӴԺ㲻ˡ
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δűһһлɣ۽ü΢ƺʵ٬
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صѲ˸µ󣬱ľϲص˽ϻƯ¶ǹá
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9 
ȻһϢʲô飬ֶɳƵس⻽ˮ
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10 
ǽ̷˾ʦ
һʱЩţʱܡ
һ˲֮䣬Ѧ˵˻ץ˸ŵĴϻģеԽҲ˼ƽϡ
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ѦߣЦʵҪȥ̫ãȴ·
Էһ̻Ůӣغ͹˵һʡ
ֲЦˣѦҲֻǡ
ʦȻһЦת򷽲ŽܵĹˣùãȥɣԼȥˡ
ѦԭǡԷ̻ŮӣһֹеŮңҲúǳϹϵǳл
ҶԷⲻҲ֪ԷǷ˴ģȥˣʱô˫۾ţѿ˵л˵ô
ǽ֮ʣʦҲǣ̫µؽ磬̫þԶٲҪˡ
ǾͶлˡ
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뿪ˣʦСѾ߱Թαôġ
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11 

ûӦʦ̽Եһ䡣
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12 
·ͻȻһڴ󳼼Χֻؿͷ
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ǰҲǴƬƬŨѪͬѪϣƳأۡ
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˶־Ǻεȵ磬Ҳ߲ʣǾη塣
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ȰҲˣµʵںܲáҪһҹɣ
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13 
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һδŮңֳŵ鼱֮ĴѡʮֲףϻţǺڣһٴ
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14 
֮Ѧȥʱδ֮⡣
ֻǲôʱһֻè룬.
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̫̫ٳȵ˼Ҵͻ飬ܼܿ޸Ƭ̵ķ롣

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֪δϱԼٰ磬̫̫û˵⣬Ҳû˵⣬ֶֻͬϱԹһ䡰ӹʲôҹһһôЦáТ˳ءȰȥҲδ˵ʲôˡ
Ѧһˮ̫̫ߡʱӻδ±̸ЦвٹС̫̫
Ŀ⴩ȺѰ⳼ϯɣȴƼһ˵Ůϯ䣬ɵָŹ˰յǧͷȴæвҡǷٰĺҡ
ŵʼ˵޵ĻǳмӡԭΪ˰ô˴磬ĸԵţֽ̫̫ϲáνġ
ԣõɩɩպһϲİɣ
նڳޣѦ˼ȻλδĻɩ
׽ˣȻϣһλ֪మŮӡ֮ǰȴֵöԻɩǿܡȻǶ˺ϰ梣ϣܺúõġ
ͬʱͬϯĺȴĿԹ
ƾʲôƾʲôͬǺμŮĸ¶ֻüңĵˣ
֪ʺλӣʣ
ɣźﲻģȴ˭أ
һתĿѦϡ
л˵
ǿСͬѧл͵ʮ󱦽(^`^)
ۣ


15 
˶ãҲˡ˵󣬾ֱߵУλ֮ϵ̫̫밲ݼĸ
̫̫̫ȴӵ˵̧Ŀһۣʵпӣ԰
һ˲֮䣬ϲĹҲơ֪̫̫ƢˣҲЩΡ
ô˵ء
˲ԹɫЦ˱ݸʵۣʾʸ̫̫
Ϊ˽֮ᣬǰ¾׼ˣʢ磬ɼ¶Т˳
֮УҲֶֻϱȰ̫̫󼸾䡣۳ĬضϣȻ̫̫󲢲ϽӣƲֻӦϵĻ
ǿǿɡ
ҪТģǻȻعѵĽ㡣̫̫һѵõһ˿࣬ҵľ࣬ʮͱȻװǻҲܻ
Ҳ֪֮ǰܲټһء
һϯ˵ϯ˽Щڨڨ̫̫ԣǺȻȵŮ깫
ȵֽŮСĸ˫̫̫ϥ£ʮ꣬ΪԶȻףԴ˻ȡ߾ʮİԶڽԱޣ˲Ƶش̣֮ߡ
ȻȥĩɺްȻռ̻ϰף깫㵱޸ļߡʱʮƴԣԵ棬Ҫع
۵ӦѾȻȥˣȻͬʽ㷵زձ㽫̡
ʵΪ棿Ǻӿģ
һԾŶ
̫̫źͻ˼֣ͷɡ
̫̫鵭ƺ⡣ѦϯĴһۣȴĸЩƫġ
ôֵֺܹ̫ͷأȻʱ򣬻ֲֹʮ꣬ﲻܳĻӣܾġ̫̫ȴȫϷ
̫ͣЦûǶϱд󣬱صĿɾˡϻлСּͻ飬ɴ£Ҳ˵һҪʾ˼ң
֮޲ĿѦ΢ЩΪ顣лZʱͬˮ⣬̶˾յϯ̫̫΢ĽְѾãֻƸΪޣزฺ̫̫ȫ
˵ţضݡ⿪ʼЦ׷סЦ벻ԣ½ִյƣ˽ߵһЦȥ
׵ܣȤ䰡䣬ڶˣôʲôְãû˸Һ
ֳڻУȴˡ
Ůʲôãϻ㣬ǧҲûμӡΪʲôлҰҲǰϲ
ʲôƸҵġ
ˮ֮У̫̫õü
ʵۣȻһʼģͰɡְ׵ãҲֵͬܣͻ飬ʲ𣿡
ѵ㲻Ը飿̫̫˵ţȻת䡣
е˴Ǿһǧлҵģʱ̫̫˵Ҳһ˿ĪǱ£ǲԸ
лҺ͹ҲлȢְһŮ˵ڹ˽Ǽ£ȴƵĽ׮ȥ
ѦҲЩţ΢΢סĿһҲؿŻ֡
Ŀɹž޲ֻɨѦһۣĿ׹ŵ
͸ģϯᣬѦɳֿãȻѲһȦȴջߣĸˡֻʹ
Ȼͬ⣬Ǳ֮⣬Ϊ˶ɡ
½ء½أ¾ͽ񲿣̫ͬ£գΪ顣
½ּлZϲ⣬ٶа񣺡ߵлʥԸ¸֮꣡
пʼ಻ϵлҸӵϲˮ֮ڣвЦѦɵϲϲһһؾǾϵľƣһ㣬Ǻ鲨ӿ
ʱѾصϯϣЦŴչȥƣлӶ䰡
ʵǺĽְġл֮ȻçײҲϲŻ㡣
ĽĽΪ˱ƫĵĹĸɵʮ梣ҪССصλ
ȴĿնؿ׵ӡ
ƽ˱֮ƣңңлZҡҡǻӦȻޱ飬ɺܾáƺˡ

ԴҹǧƼְã´ĸ飬һ㡣
֡
ѦɴʱҲվ۲ӯӯߴ񾲵Цְһ˱ְ⡣
˵ţоһԭ˪ѹѩʱԳĨǳķɫ֬Ⱦɫۺɣ֡
۲ޱЦۡ
ĸˣ۲ӨӨģ粨ǣϲ
ž˾Һĺ촽ͿĨ֬һ㣬ƾΣˡ
Ŀ΢źۼڹˣʾǰơѦǶ˹˷ϵͭףǰһԼһ˴˽
ȴϯõɽƣݴ֮ң־ãʱһ·𵭵Ļ档
δ룬ֻĪ뵽Ȼǰżл䣬ȫǣҲʡɦŪˡ
Ѧ˴˾ƵĿҡԭͲѣ֮ҲپƣͷЩκģּۿؽס
ְˡ̫Цŵң˴ȥϢ
æ˹˹Ѧɱϯ䣬ţ棺ûеġ
ǹ⣺ְûиĸء
ˡԹõ̫̫ͷطȥɡܹЩϵĳ´ĵҲȱһ˵ҡ
̫Σʾ⹬˷Ѧȥˮ⣬ͬŴӵžƵлZɵĵؿ򱻷ȥŮ
ʱѺȵ΢״ֵصƻû꣬¸ôأ
л䣬ȥ¸Ҳһ 
ĸˡرԹ
лZΣԭ̫̫ʱȫԼңæ½صڣʱҲˣԿʼˡ
½ף̷˾볡ζڴʱ룬ŰɫʽĻ
ĺɫĺϣƳϡλںĵϷ̨ʼ˵ƻϯｻ̨ϸͣ˿ˮת
ʼĲɵؿԶϷ̨ϵĸݣһյҲδ⡣̫ʵۿǹͣЩˣңȥϢ
֮棬λֶŮδϱƫΡЩţӡ
۲ûоܾءš͡
ǰЩͶĿ뿪
εظں棬󻹸ųĬķطһֱ߳ˮԶӵĮһ䣺ȥɡ
ҲԸĻᣬǹºˣҪ檷ȥϢ
ˣ
΢üϹȻһͷʹѣһȼգ̵ͷʾȥ
һ̧ȴ¶ϵŵĳӡ䴫ţԴϵ֮㣬ԿءȻĸŮ͵ģ΢΢һ㵣·йȥ
Ƶȱʰ˳£˳Ѿ󣬺ұ֪Ȥظˡ
ѾȴûܽǴػ棬ɤɳƣҲȥ
طһۣ֪ʡǵ»ѡΪβѣǲҶʣ¡
ֻʣ»һˡڰϣ˫ֽǹɿʼԺзӿǰȴȫǷѦʱ˫ӯӯЦۣҲ֮ȥ
ļҷŵʻ
ˣ
ˡ
Գ˵Ůй֮ãҲ뵽ۣʲôء
ԳЦЦ̧ȥˮкԥǹڣһѾõԺ
л˵
뻢ڵ٣QAQĸƫġ
׸룺˵ٴǿҪˣ


16 
壷ᣬ필ϸ죬Ǻ֮ʱ̨ｻ̨ϼܷҡ
¹λεں紺ˮ棬
˴͹磬ŮǲģľȺڷ⣬س
߱¥ľһ̽޹ľૣҲ֪ôˡ
ȵõϢ֪δүڴ˴飬Ȼǲʲô⣬Բⵣġ
ʱʷ̫̫еŮ֣Ǯæʣʽ㣬ôˣ𣿡
֣ҲлҵļŮͶһģЦѽ½ԣмô
İ澽ԿĲѡľּ׷ʣǣǹôǲǺܶȾѽõġ
ǵĵľˣ³ɣȻ׾ơԹӣǾܾ
֣΢΢ݣɲ𡣡
˵Ѧɾ£ֿοżĶˣģ̫йѽȥϢˡ
ͷȥ켱еص̣ҵƲǣẦ¡
ˣȻĵԭǹ̫˽ǳ滢쵣ĻԹ
֣οûµģǺ֣ȥʣǽȥ˺δ

ȴ˵Ѧɱ˷йʱȻ²֪Ѿ󣬻ججرǷȥϣͷͷܿ硣
μԼɻʱŴϼһ·ǰȵصȺɷļǽţϲá
Ӱҡ죬ĿǴϲɫǰ߽һʵĺɴӰӰ´£ϲЦ˿촫ҲС
֪˶ãǰһӰʱ˲·֪˭̧ۻһлɡ
촽Ц绨
һͣΪԼУּԼϣްƫ
ֻһεƲ˳ģģ˳ڿȴǻлɡ
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ûгһ顣ۻعǰŮɢң糺죬ﴺȴʱ˵ĳƺƺв޲ͬ
žй緢ϯϣۺ΢ɫ֣֮¡
ѦɻȻɺ˵ǽճɻˣҺø˵ġôãڿԼ޸ˡ
ˣ㻹ûнٵأƼֻ㣬ҡ
δڴУͬȵĴת˲㽫δĻڱ˴˵ĽҺ걻ҧӶᣬݶǽӯϢԭʱ͸
лɡ
ϵĻСɽһأҧ꣬޵ľϣǳɣһǳǳĳӡЩµػ
ܵؾЩԣȻ˶ദķ롣ȴǴ֮ôǲǡþܾ
ԥ䣬ϱһҲ¼磬|ȵĴʼϣһ鰮ǣһѲͬĿڣദһըѡ
Ĵֱɪ¡֪ҪӣһסקȥֱͦͦײӲʵϡѦɲ۵˻ۡ
װʲô
ļ͡
ǰҲ𣿻˵ֺԣֻΪлZ
ϧҲĵ׵ǵ㲻ɴСϵİ³˺ѣѭ֮ӣȥ
⣬һֱϢŵڶ̼ΡΡͷ亹ŵٿȻ䡣
ű¼ȲҪǷ̣Ҳͺͷط˵ҹټϽкӲٳֵ͵С̫˾ƣű˯ˣֱͬҹķطǺҡѡ
ԭֻбһ˵ĵھִŮӵôô񡭡ְ
ľɲ֮䣬ת뷨ȴ־Ϩ
ʲôҲûҲǡԷط
ǣձô죿طʣݵеĺ졣
̾ҹûҹ֪ūеǣ޹ء
ҹ֮£ԱǱº͹ˣһͬƵģ뻹иδʺ
򱸸µķƵùס
˱Ҳˣƫƫְ¶Թĸһ㣬ֻǹ˼֮뽪ϵ£ƫƫַ¡
ԣ²ñ֪Ҳֻװơ
طĬֽҹɫˮסãС¹ٳϲսսʦʦ²ˡ

½бæ½סͽܵ졣С¹ټţ͵˵ְ¡
ԭ֣ľȥʹ䣬֪ǽԲ֪Ϊ׼ĹҲûйӰ˼޷ѰҪæѰˡ
εȻˣֻһл棬ɫȥҵĻ˵ҲŹ䣬ڹйţŴ£Ҫ̫̫̫󡣡
ȴ̾˿
ľѳۣ֮Ҫѹȥֵ˾֪ڱ¡лҶǲ
պͱ˵ʲôô˵ҪµķӦˡ
л˵
ԺߵķӦʲôء
ɾǷ˼


17 
îʱ΢ȸ
ѦڻȼԴ|İճ⡣ʵۣԼӽֱŸСռ뾱ϽϸϸܵĺЩȡ
Ĳҹ£ǻϲӣĵأ̧ůϵС˯ġȥ
Ȼ֮˺ѦȫѪҺ̡
һִֻһֻ䣬纮ݵ˯ȥƽصԵ͡
ȴȫȻξелɣǡֳ
㶵ؿŽߵһ֮䣬뻹дξ֮еȫˡ
ļޱߵĿֻţ΢أͷű±۵
֣ôǻأ
μԼлɵĴ֮ҹÿȣɽ˺ģڶΪʲôɻ֣
ֲʣⲢҹζʵҹˣ̵ĹǷȥϢ׹ԭΪǺлɵĴϲ֮ҹɣŷ֡
ͻȻ벻ȥ
£ںޣ˻㱣ԲܽǰµţʯһѹϣȴʲôҲ֪һ֮Ŀ㱣šֱ۽Ƿɿصһһ˲䣬㡣
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲôͻ˯һ
Ǳˣ£֪ѽôܡôܡ
ļ·˸ݺݾһѣѦɻ㱻عСس֧֧ӣʰڵصѡ
ֳ˯ԭĶ³㱻˺˲¶һһɢڴ֮£ɫɴ䣬齽ң޲ʾʧֳʵ
ѦȪӿ֪δЬ࣬ʰ´һϵ˳ȥ
Ǵģй⣬ʱһҲûУǿᣬҴܻԭԼǼ乬
ԺſڣľƵص
ҹߵ̼˴˻ǻеĲͬѰѹ˴£ӲĵǲʹҲûƭˡ
һҹȥδ˲ġ
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񡣹˫죬ˮҲбб£ϣѩ׵ľӡ糺۰߰ߣһƱǱ˺ݺ۸ӡ
ӢδޣùŮٵĽ̵Ȼ֪ʲô
Ѧ˫᳤𸴣ľȴððʧʧؾг´
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ʱ̵࣬ؽľ˵һ顣ľʵֱޣ۵ؿҵĹҹЩһ˲׹ѡ
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ѾˣڼȴϡͿʧס
֪¾֪֪£̼֪ģĹؼڴǷǱ¿Ϊ
ǣǾٷŹģɣԹĽ黳ߵһ
ѦҲ뵽һ㣬۵ɸȥǱߵĶô¡
ֲôҵġһ˰㣬һǡ
ļԴһ˿ϣʧૡδ䣬һˮ
㲻ǻƵôء
ѾˣȻʧԼֳǲˡлиӣָôء

ᣬƵȴҲˡ
ĿҵĴ֮ʱЩ㶣ΪԼСȻһ˲£PĿɫӳԭδʵĺһƬ

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ǹɼŮϢζʹ÷ǺԶԶͣ߿ĵطٲƣر£ūʵ֪
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ʱгѭȥƼһѩɫ´
ʵӯ廨֦ͨҹ֮Ψһ
ļ䱾µ˭ȴóȻֵ´òȷվҴһƳҲûע´ǺҹĻơξͷۡ
ҹǰҹҹǴشԼ˻ԼȸѪ֮ˡ
һ뵽ҹļַһ޿˵ƷˣںһθˮĶġ
ʱһЩ£ϲŮйȵܽӴ˽ԵΪ˸ȵɥЦǸʲôֵɥģΨЩ⡭
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ǡΡ֮ˡ
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ŵϹϾش˳ȥ߳žսս̱վ
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֪»ɵ˭ְ֪ѳ˱µһĲã֪
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Ǳʩ֮ˣΪԼ棬Ҳһտڲԡֻǡְ
£֪ء

йавѰԼ峿з̨ǣδŴ¡
ҹ̫̫磬зң̫̫ԼҲܾҹعй֮ڣֻк̫®ϵޡ
ʱ󣬱½ҡͬһţƵҡУָؽ½ǣĲɡ
ҲڡصϸۡһԼԺȥһʲô
俴Ҫڴ˴˵ô
㬣˳ӵظԺӡңŮ䵭ڣ˵ɣϣ㶼ʲô¡
ĿİӦСò梺γԡ
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л˵


18 
Ź㣬йʧ̬ʱ򣬺֪ãګګ梡
׳ʲôˣ
վСһŵͬĬϡɫ񣺡ôңûݶã
ΪһʱҪٵ˵ףֱ®ϰ
ף
¼ˡżطֱ磺ûеģֻǽйװǲСİȥƵñΪСҲãңҺԩ޳ôҪװ
梣ôˣְͱ¡
ԩ޳
ǿжְ֪һҹڷƵһ룬û£Ǳ߻˷ƽ˾鲻鵽ͷϰɣ
磬ҹйԺĴС״ġ֪ԼɷδСӵ𽵹񣬸ȴΡ
ԺѰҪй֮λЩ£㲻ܼƽϡ
𣬴˴ΪƣҲֻ¡
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ְΪ壬¹ر£ǣȵ¶ºлһŹģ
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ƴҡͷңֻ˰ȥ˭Լģûҩ
²ܹңٵѦ׵Ǳ£Ǳ£
˵ţܵ˳ȥ׷ȴˮָߣֻýӳȥš
˵òڴǰ;Լҹ֮£ڰƲ
Щͷۣ鰸ϣ֧þ˼أԺȴֳ̫¡

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ֻ˵СޣرϥԼųһš䣬ˮӿۿ
ȣȻϣҲġ˼ᱡ̺߹׵ϡ
Ѧȴ̧ͷһƬҵļᶨƻ빬취йҪ˵
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ֶôϣյ£ֻһجΣϣԶ

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19 
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22 
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ȻҲδ֪ͨжǵ֪ȴлҸĹԱ·֮ʱ˲֪顣ֱ·ϢŽش˳ȥ
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У̫̫лŮٵĲѵȺڵ£йڱɫ
ʵǺ⣿
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һɭɭȻǾ档ǻʵ۲٣ͷϻһТѹţ浽Ƶʱѳûݷϵ
ĸ˵Цɫ䵭Ϲۣ壬лҲȷδǲ鲻ʲôģĸʲôأ
̫̫Ц֮λ޴ǡ
ĸˡɲ䲻Ӧ¿л˹֮۰ǿϣְϣշмӡ
ңĸңܸŻ械ɡ֮ɻ梴ã䷵ĸһ𸴵ġ
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̫̫ǻŭ޻ϣһɬӿϻỨֲ¡
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СˣΪһ˽ģ˵زָΪףҼ鲻֣
㿴еļ̳ô
ǻһ޿˵ıۣԭʢ˵лϷһϢ֮꣬Ȼ̾ϢһΡΡ뿪
۲δȥͣۿλϵĸʧڵ¿ɫȥ

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ѦɱڣſڰϣѽɺԵض̨
ǰϻŹĳʳձǴϲӣǲܳԶģһΨһʳľֻͬʱµǼƬ⡣ɼˣҲһҲûθڡ
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ĬO@Ӱǰ䣬ԼںƴۣӸ
ˮһ٣Ѧվع֡ǲϲɫģǾ䡭Ǿ仰ҪԼļˡ

̵Ըӣս죬ͷ΢΢ǰȥʰǼӣһʰŨͷһζƮƮļ米
˵ľһ˲޽ϥǰѡ
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ôˣȴֻлֺ̫ԼĸҲ۰
ʱеūǶֻɫѿҷͷΪʲôǻýľ棿
ٶһۿŽߵһͷӿϼϣ֣ҷ򡭡ԩģ졭
۱ҵ޷ԣֺȻһͣӨĶ
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ѦȻļٵ󣺡òãǰɣǡĸĸģܴڼİ֣ˡ
ĸֵطΪôܴĸǳ׵ˣĸ׶ܹĸǸᵽĸˡʧȥ
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24 
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ȥʱ, ڵ, ԸصеĹˡ
ҹɫ©»Ӱת¹ճŹӰ, սսعţӦǡ
˵ķӦδ̫ǿ, ΢΢ɺ۸Ѧ, ˼δԵг, ʲô
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϶ڵŮϵպܲɷֵĲһ, ʰСѾ۲֪뵽ʲôߵͨ졣
գҲ֪ǲڵԵʣѦɽط, Щʳˡ
ǲҵ, æȥ̼, ҽʦǰȥҽΣ˼Ҫαڱ¡

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֪ëַˣüһϸһȴָϸ˲һʯ۵ݵߣſڡ
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25 
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ڹ˵ķ¼ϴһڲϣš
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ǰҹ﷢һлĿľ˵ȥɺӡ
ΪлҵļŮʵ˼ġ󺵣ĸȫֻ̽·ˣлңŮ
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лɵȡ޴˵ңúʲô˵ʲô
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Ϊʲôǰⷽ
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һɭɭżЦѦһ㣬ȴЦӦԼȴҪԼôǣԸ̷ֻŹǡ

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26 
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Ҫ
ľ湫ϴԡȥ, ģϸĹӰƼļһ
ˮƵԡ, еĹŮԱǲˣֻʣѦһ˽ԼƮõ廨ˮ䱳˿ͷѩƵĹԡ
ľһ
ҲȥɡѦɵĿɿնؿѬȾˮ
, ݾˮ, ӻûȫءľĵص
һЩ, ݾЩȥĵĹʵ.̣𣿹㣬Ϊӱ
СðûѪԵϵֺ׵ʲôأ޳ֳܵ
ȴҲûʲô취ضŰֳȥԽԽΪίžžֱ
ãѦɲŴԡͰʰ˴ڻƻ廨ľϵĽ
ˮһë䣬ľ£ȴľûκ֪
µʹϣѩ˿ʵҲ͸µ⡣
污సŮǴԥһ˲ȡ˾䡣
ڵߵ޺󣬻ѽǱŮŷƪ˵ڶ飬ͷҲ̧һ䣺㵹ߡ
һյ׼ٵͷˣǲţָ´̵߹ȥǻƳײѹȥɬȻ
ñˣɷܵġֳڿĻ죬һ飬ʲô֪ˡ
Ůġŷƪʱнϰøѹ׵飬˵Ա»֮ҹá
ʱߵúܣֻԷ˷лǻģֻԼˣڣⱾ飬ڻ
ۼԼе鿴һӱ֪ʲô΢΢Цȴе죺
Ѧֻ߹ȥϣȴ߳ܵصͷһӱܵģ
ְֻסȴ£ĿСѲá
Ѧɱշ죬ǼҲ߳΢΢ĺȴΪҪѹ
Ĳ鲻Ըָµգָѱ˹ΣЦʣٻ𣿡
ôһ˲ѦΪصʱϸѯĹΡ
̧һۣڵһᣬѴ΢΢Ĳִ̡
װģ
ļͣίߡһѽ˱
ȥ˵һͨѦȾɫѿôŪ
˵ء΢Цָ̧֣һһ绨ĴԼҪ̸磬ѲɣҪ𣿡
⶯ʾ֮⣬Ѧ˫һ𣬼ԼĶ䡣
ѹصͷʮָȻ׵ĽȴҲ
ۿŤҲ϶װʲôء
ᣬ·ɣѵǵһôĪˣϻطƵŸ˭ôأپͳŮأ
ҲҪǰϾһٻĺģǶ۵ӸȤ
ǰĹ񡢽ȴֻһ˵Ľ裬һŰֽҪɫҲʵ¡
ڷƵ£ȻҲ֪⹴ֵ޴ˡ
ңҲǡѦͷ䣬ȴ߬ס֣ʱߺ
߾ૣҡҲᡭ
⻰ԣԼĳΣֻģļ䣬һģ֪Ǻ˼һʱ֮䣬߶ˣúĺ
޻һСϴãûҵҡ
ѦֻýӲطӣڵԽԽӱܣɲҿ
ۿŮӯӯʢ̿ȴǲϿˮΣһָͣϴµһһ㡢ǣԼϡ
ظպ壺ٲÿôԱʲôѵҪ˵Ҳ᣿
٣ңл䲻׹㡣
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νţǻصֳĴ|ô²бЦ£ҲЦ¸
ѹֱźϲŻعǺᣬлһ˫صǰЩϡõĿܣɬ׾ػӦ
ûжǵľ飬ʹӦҲͬѵˮĴȻƲı׾뻺߬һһԼȥ£Ϊؽѹ¡
ǶŪèίߵᣬסĴ㿪ʼǻΪѦʵǺ£ɵسţη岻ҿܡ
ʣһҲ˺ĴֹסܻͷĴЩڣػ֡𡭡
ˮʪ˫пʼһģ䣬ֳεüһ˫ۣѰĶǣĴ
δӦҪʲôʧ޽磡磡
ʼѹں֮µίɽ޵øγϣ磬Ұɡð㲻硭
ŹҰɡ硭磡
ûаֿˡ̾Ϣŵ٣ĺܲ
˵Щ𣿡ɫˮգﻰȴ飬֪ˣƵﹴԼֳ˭أô
ô޾ܣΪʲô
Ѧɿ޵˺ѷΣһԽݡű⣺ңҲǡûС
ңûС
ûжҪˡ۵Լģ˵Ը̷ôŸͬˣ뷴ڣҴӦҲںòã
һӻˡ粻ҪڡҪ
ʵ޾ᣬԽת˸齼䣬һֻСţݽҧ棬޷ʪ˿˵κλ
µ߳ܣֳǿռ˻ϲס׹ᣬȴǾ
١

ԼѾĻֳζΣ
ദ˺Ѱʹ᲻ҲһֻסϸĲȴתˮСͷסˮʪĴ
ˡ
Ըʱ򣬻롣
ñϵġ
ϴʱͻһ˵ģɸɾһŰֽҲΨ磬ǾǣռбռУο໹һл䣿
硭Źǰɡ
ŷһΪôأͲĸ޹ģ㲻ҪŲԣˡ
ȴ΢ЦƶĻţһô
Ỻ־Ŀϵ᣺ѵлҼٿڵˣֻһΣǵ˼ô˵ٻţܺлɣǰԵ
ĵ׵Ǵϣ΢类Ѹˣͷ۽˵ˣٲԣԭ¡ٻԶŸġ
Զȴƫǯ°Ͱ̧۾Ц˵Ϊ˭
ӦüǵԼݰĹлϵ¸ǡϵŮֻ޵
Ѧһ㶡ôԼô
Ĺǧһ˲Ϣѩղ԰ףȾﶸȻʧȥȫɫʵŮعľܡ
ۿЩȾʶԼһʱ֮ɫѸȥԡ
ϴ֮±صϣֱʱŵ٣ŸԳɻĳͷ
ûӦ£ƣ۳˯ȥ
һһҹû˵һ仰
л˵



27 
峿, Ѧȫʹ
ûۣ˯Ĳдʵʵ, շһжֻһ׵جΡ, һлʹǰһ
ĲȴҹһĻĻѦմξȫۣ΢, գҪξûе
ʻһֻྻ޳, ȣǻֽڻ, ˴˽, ĥܡ
δʣϱճ, Щÿѳ, ŲЩ
ȴֳɳ̾Ϣ, ½΢ݣ۳һ, ½˻С
񻰡
͵͵ص, ̰⻶Ƭ´棬
һֱֻṿ糺۰߰ߵ, ߵ
Ѧһһ綾ѡ
ȴת, , ǵͬǼ, ʣˣ
˼ʵǺܺã繣·ǲǱ˵ЦǣһãһͶϵİ¡ޡ
ѦĿһ֪ıҹԡԼֺãĻشһ˵ʵοⱾ֮Ը
˵Ļӱܵش۶ؿỨĵСһΣЦһһࡣ
Ѧ･ݽҧִزӦ
ϵĴһֻסӣʹһ˫ˮӨӨ۶׼΢ЦϿôǲǣΪͿƭԼΪл䣿
Һúÿ㼫ֵģ˭
䣬ѹϣ˫ֱ߾ٹͷԲ֪ӺδѰǸ޴Χ
ЦáʫȤ⣬˺Σ
ˡ
Ѧݺһſ¡
ͻΪʲô
ϣ˵Ϊ˭һйﻹյ֮顭
ΪʲôأΪƶҹԼҪ˱ô
СʱѦѹ齱ߴµ졣
ϻ£
ԭס˫ѱɿضŽӲӣԼųһţŵĻ
ϻ
ΪʲôҪ˵ء
ȲӣҲ檣ҲңòáֻйĹߣĶ󡭡
˵ֻֻ֪ͨ
ûзӦ۲عһۡ£űᣬ˵Ҳܲµ˭ɭɭЦ£٣޼ΪһΣ޾ɱ
ҲΪޡѦɴ૵Ϊ˻֡
ҵĻѾˣûлˡ
ǰһֻһռİˡᣬ¡
Ѧţʹ絶ʡ
̶̵һ仰룬üˣ
Ŀһһ¶ɫŮӣֵЦˣٵܱʵݣиһϧ¸绹Ҫϣ̰ɡ
⻰ָѦһ죬̲סʣֵҪſϷŹǣ
ΡӦ̧˳ȥ
·ԱȥѦ̱ԧ챻ֹסˮһε
ΪĽԭǿˡӣֺʱǾͷء

⣬£ʱ̽ͷ죬ɫس
ѾȥһҹˣԭΪʱδ뻹ˣ˻ӵг
£̫˺ü䱻Լ⣬Ҫȥס̫ǰ
ҹЩһû˸̫ҲҪͬǿĹ鵱շұȫԼҲֵǿռ
ֻ£»ʲô֪أ
˼ţӹڷشӵгæӭȥ¡
Ůµ£طɶˣ۽Ųزס
ˡæӦֵ£̫󷽲ˡ
֪Լش߰ɣȥܹ
ӱȥܹݼ̫ýѰףЩ£Ǻ̫˵ĺá
ܹи̫ȹϵϣסڵſȥʵ۹Ĺ˻ûС
׼Ӱ̫˲ݾֹеӭȥɣ㣬⾿ô£
ĸô˵ҹЪְĵðҪǴȥĶ飿
峿˵Ъһȵĺ̫֮ʡ
ΪĵվǷˣɾȻö֮ǿռѦɣ
Ҳ˵鴫ȥ˽Ϲлְ®ϵںδ
ǻĸôɫȻڵԼλ£ֶ˹һڣĸӹǣȻԷô
㡭
̫һҭȻη£ȴǳ̾һǶԵҡ
ûгɻԼϵ˻쵽һǸҲˣƫƫǸԻ۵ӣպҲظԸλвҵλá
üҪԵʲôֻҪԵĸ׵֮㹻ˡ϶δӭȢʱ˻꣬Ҳûĸôĸ֪һ⣿
ĸ׶ԶӵĶ飬ӲһǡֻҪһգλһ®ϵŮɡĸףΪҪöӳѲʱְ󣿡
һȻתȻʣ̫ڨڨģЩ顣
ãлСãĻԼҲ׿ӦʣңһʱˡңҲϲô
ǲϲɫƽŲյϵŵĵĳӣЩǷǵҪϲߡ
ҪҰ϶ҾҪŮҲҵǣŹƽ
һ亮ɭɭ̫Ҳ̲סȰɣ
ĸ׵£ʲôϵֺαطŲ¡ģ˵ֻԼ
Ц£سҵĸĸ׵ģĸȻ˵¾ܷˡ
ĸҷİɡԶǵ֮Ժ֮£ҲաѦɵĴڲӰ쵽Ůĺλĸһ١ٶزѦɵ£ͱֶӲĶˡ
˵䣬ֱ̫һ뿪̫ޱȵʧıӰʣ
ô
ǰŮٳϻУ۱꣬ѵȲһѦҵģ
ӴԼ䲻˵ôȣȴҲǹмȫֻѦɷлϣȰ˼䣬˲ͷҲ޴ǰľء
̫ġæȰҲΪְǽϡϵꡭȷ̫ЩְѲ˹ϵһʱŲ£Ҳпԭġֺαͷȥء
̫̱ڷϣȴ̾γΪ˽ϡǣԼǿռõΪҸɰˡ
򣬵ϴѦʱ÷ˣ϶֣ȫ϶ϣҲǽ黳ˣڹ϶ö֡
ԼҲһƬģҪ¹ȥǡĬAڣֺһʮҲ治ȡ
⣬ѲףʷʱҸ빬̫ӭײϣһæ
檲μ¡
ǵӰȴӹ£ұһһ亹Զ׹䡣
첽и̫ʩ񣺡̫£ĸ
ôˡ̫űϷ˿
ˡ£ε˵
ԭڽգߵطͻȻúθĸԼ常ĸȫȥڵĻŮ£󣬱㵱೤֮棬ι˻¥õĴľƣǿΧҩ֮ʱ̬
ĸȥ常ߵ޵ݣڲŸոѹط֪֮󣬸ǲˣһֱҪϵ
ŮȻҳһţĸ׼빬̫顣
̫յ־һյĵڵأ顣
𾪵ؿϣ촽ײǡڱ𣿡
˵Ѧɵ£ͱĶ顣
ԣǰûִúѦȥɻ飬Ҫᡣ
𣬷
̫ıߣʡæûȰô˵Ҳֻͷϰˡ
ãֹ̫סתֶŮ̾һԼӦԼŰɡ
Ѧɵ£Ҳطϡ޷ޣ檷檣׿˵ֻѡպҪʺ󣬱Ҫѧȡ
Ŀ΢ʹǧε׼Ȼʱǲ
ףȴ᣺ǣֶŮסˡ

ص󣬻۱Ųһֱ鰸ǰѻɽ¡
л·侮ʯҷ١л֤ģִϬɱڣͶ˼̱ҲԾֽϡ
ȤЦ絶ɭ䣬Сؽʣʱ˱£Ҫô
ţ
̧īϦɫŷˡζЦ£ʰǼⵯлϵء
ȥ
л˵
ʲô


28 
, Ѧˡ
ֳߺڴ˯һ, ֱ, ֽԼˮϴáʱҲֻ˼ȹɢ, ľιȡ
һҹһ峿ʹϢ, ģɫѩĲ԰ס
ü, Ƶ۽ڰѩӳ۵Ӱ
ذɴ֮, Ҳӡ糺ۣӰӰ´, 
Ůɳгģɷǽģһ滵˵޹ǵ, ù, źۼرܿĿ⡣
ʱСżͨ, ۿ첽߽ľ鰸һ, 齱ߣ̽̽õĶ£ȹҩ𣿡
ʵƷ纮ҩ, 纮δãһڣҪС²šȻȴᣬΪ׵Ůش𣺡δԸ, ūȲš
Ͼϵ, Ҳ, δñҲö
ҪһΣҲûȥˡ
΢㶣ת˲׹ȴҲûͣûоȥ
ϾȵĻƾδ˺ҲÿϵãԷţҲȷǲʱеġ
Ѧѱȥǡôرܹ޳֡Ƥ΢ףβŵĺ죬ֿ֮޹
ĵ
ȥ
춼£ΨľԱߣʮ޴롣۵Ƴһۣ
Ҳȥ
ľҷǵۺһŮĹ뿪
һʱš˹С࣬Ҩ׵ݵ߳˳¶ȣŵݵʼճĬôϣôˣ
㣬Ҳǰٲ˵ϲô
ᣬ㽫ʱеѦڶУȴ絶⡣
磿
Ѿز˵άúļ
ΪʲôأҪǿԼȴƫƫҪ˵ٰ衣£ЩСļͼƭǻܻصȥ
ʼղ̵Ļʯ֮һ˿һ˿ȼյػѦɡ
޵޶ȵġ
Ů޲ѿһ˿飬ѷӨˮ⣬Ŵݣ檼¡
£ü
ἸɬظĿڣ֡
㵭Цˣ΢΢˿ַ޳ָḧգŹԡ
԰ɣŪ㡣ݸˣҿۡ
Ū
һѼ⵶ݺݴ࣬۵һһɿڴ
ûӦֽӹ룬ͷѽȫ˿С
ڰϣᡣ̥ľܣЩãδ˵ʲôȥ鷿
Ĺѽδ°ಽظϵȻҪҿʲô
ûò鰸ǰ£ȡļ̿
߹ȥδ±㱻һϡ
ǳ˴бҲЩ⡣϶Ȼ£Ըر㵽Ҫʲô
ƫתָӡųݺ۵ᴽкŷЦ⣺ˣʲô
㡭߶ϣѦ΢΢ϣһӱܵرܿĿ⡣
׵ʱҪ˵Ǻ⡣ϵã
˵þģ
ûа취ɷţֻٶȿڣкηԸ
۰ͷһӣĳصͷˣ뿴ӣ
۶鰸ϣֻȡӣҪԱȥʱһס˻ǡϣʱ棬Ҫ
ֽø۵ͷ׵ĺһģЦϴһξͷŹ㣬Σ
ϣģܿѩ׵ϴƬƬһѦ־ȴǡŹֶɿֳ
һΡĻŹԼ
۴Դ񵭵Цȴ£ڻУġɡ
õӣôá
Ѧһֵȵףʱ
ûĵЦֽűùڱۡ
ȴһʷ̨Աлۡʮǰݴʷʱѹգ޽̰һ´̹Ǯʹ̰ӱˮ١
ﶸȻһѸȥһ⡣Ծǵлҵģūռ֮£ҲĸԤ֮²֮
һ׮׮һ˵бۣȴǲʵ֮ǡ㶵ػףﱻⲻܡ
лݴʷλϳʮ꣬סڻʱǿΪٵĹڰΪԼҲŲĸԪʱ˽Ϊʩ࣬衣
ùһӽУٿأ
ⱾǵлZġڹϴļ˽δãıͼơ
侮ʯ֮ǣҲЩŭ˵ܣлɾͼЩǼٵģǶˡ
޵Ȼ֪Ǽٵġ˵ⵯӣʮǰ㸸׵ôʴơ
ڿ𣬻ǡƾ¿лŷҲḁ̇̄ٲ²£飬жٷ⣿
˵ţָһΣ΢Ц
ǣʱģǣȴҲұ¶ͷȥ
л׵ģ㲻˽Ϲ
˽ȻһЦ еʱΨʲô˽ѵ㣿ĪǰԼ̫Ҫ
Ѧ߾ļȴ·𱻵Ӳȥһ飬ۡ

ºֻǼϲŭ޳粻ıʡ
е鶼ǼٵģԶһ䳰ȷڵ
Ļ֣Ѿˡǰһֻһİˡ
оʹûôˣܿñ飬ʣǻ֣ôء
ı仯΢ȣһĨ²Ц:
ŹЩڴһ踺صģһʼģô
ҪˣҪóЩӦеĳ⡣
ѦҪȴ񣺡Ը̻֡
ĺ֮ΪôҲЩл¸˵Ųʵϣ뿴Լˣ賰ˡ
ûлӦüĿ䵭Ͼؿ˵ǹ䣬ΣɽС
õòˣȴЫӡ
ʼղӦѦССľᣬüףȥ

°ʹ΢΢һǷűµ򢴦һһκ̧ӭҲʱ˵˲Ū㣬ͲŪ
ɡǡ֪߻׽Ūҷ˵űĻҪ
ŶЦЦʣٵҪ磿
һɣصӨ״ǣһ·£˿սذoסǾԼҿ
ʫ֮ŮɺȵЦϵͬӴ࣬Ѿһӯӯˮ⣬ԭȴҲһ
ɵЦһӸµŹص ѦɣϷͱ
˵ҪģһֻĽ˿ȸǾ߲鲻ԸĻϲ̥ľܡ
ʲôʱˣʲôʱ޸ǰա
л˵


29 
ߺ, ľŸҽŴ
ڵ, Ŀն, ɢµżǰ½ȴԲľʮֵί
鰸һ, æǰʰ񣬿ǵл֮Ǻ, ľһ˲᣺ôѽ
ô졣
Ѧɻعľļ̌, ֱ, ŷԼûˡ
ıߵ롣
лô˼ˣǲ⡭
Ϊʲôӡ
ʹ˵Լһİ, ȻԼһĻĻѦɻѹۡ
, ҲΨ, ٣ҪȰлǾȳ, ͼ㡣
ĵһƬ޵Ŀ, ԸľȥǱŮ
ľ㶵ؿ⼫ˡ
ȥɡ
Ȼļջȴû
Ѧɱ, ʹżоҲòκϢľȥҲûлӦÿ硢ʳ, չȥ, ˾һȦ
ڼ֮, վ¶Щڷ磬л񶼱ʷ̨¿ԸδУҲûпŰ깫ʷ̨ԱӲݻת
ϢѦԷġһŻֵģɱ޹лŷû¾ûӰбҲ鲻ʲô
͢Ծɳ֣ʵһδˣЩ½ΪġιĹԱһմûʵ۵ֽлϳȥ
йлϲ޼󵽽ʫΪ̳֮͢⣬СڻʵСͩʶлZʱʹͩҲǶڲ׽Ӱ伫
֪ܸ棬ҼſЦȴҲûȫӸʷ̨󡣶һյʹӦɣŵлЩԲ
ڣʮ壬Ԫڣʷ̨Ϣˡ
ˣ
Ϣ֮ʱĸλǰ㡣˵л΢˶٣ֺܿɫ糣ؽ¯С
ǡСҽ˵Ƿ纮֮ס
⼾ںҲȷѰЩĲɵصͷɸҽȥɣϤҽΣɱ¡
ҪлһЩйСԼɲǱϵĹߣл
Ӧǣ¡һ̣ȴȥ
ҲжʱûȥѦˣҲʱ򣬸һͷ
УѦڴϣ޾ɵؿŴ¹ŵĽ˿
ֻüڻƽܸϵͷʳŮ·ϵסһͷӿͬıݡ
ǽ˿ô
ΪΪΡʹʳҲֻλСɡ
ǻֵĽ˿Ҫ̨ʱӲ۶ĳ򣬼Уա
óǵҲδֱ۽߽ڿʲô
ѦɻعĿԣƽ񣺡ְ֡
񡣡߹£¶Щ΢Ц⣬ôˣ
һƼ㲻ˣ
˷ϣܼ˵ӣһҲƲһصĽš
ƺϲ񣬾ʱһȻѦȴϰ١˰ǣ΢죺ְҡ
Ŷ΢ЦŰСתǲҵӣ
Цص䳰ȷѦļһѹ룬ȴֹ˹ϵž
ʲôЦ̵ʣָĦϺΡ
ЦЦ飬ò׼룬ֻӲͷƤϴְûãֲҪҡѾǱŮˡᡢûʧġ
ô̧ҫѩһ°ͣŨī۾ֱֱԼӣ컹ûأپҪˣ
Ϲ̣޲ȥˮϴһϴȴǽߵصͷٵһжǻָģΨимȻԸ⣬ֲҪٲǡ
ÿ˵һ֣类иһΣʹľȻֳƺûзŹ˼ָ΢̧̧ͷЦʣٽѧЩʲô˵
Գ˵ǲ֮ˣЩִٵؽ´ֻҪ粻ҡҡҶԵġ
΢΢һЦҲЩ
ָָױ̨һµľӣھǰô
ˣźýƣٹʱжཿĶˡ
ͭӳ˵ӰӣѦɱȦڻеӾһ㵵ػ
ôô˻ƣ
ԸС¹Ͽʧ飬صĿ⣬һЦָ꽿޺촽ģٲᵱ˰ɣ˻֮ˡ
ֻϲΪ¶ʧˡ
ֻʱȫȫģûΥѱûпֺãһһЦһһֻΪƿء
ɵֻһСʱﶼֻ硭
΢ûݵ񣬱߰ɣȥ
ˣСģǵȥ̽̽
лˣ𣿡Ѧҵķ٣̲ס׷ʣ
ȥ˾֪ˡ
˳ǰʷ̨Ѱ͸𽳵ʱˮҹɫ뼡ɵú˺֣һ˲һϮϡ
΢һ˲ֳȥҹɫ֮裬ʲôҲû˵̧һگȥˣѦֻøϡ
еƻͨʷ̨ĹԱˣԣϤһéݵϢ
ӵĻͨﵩʣôܲ
İϣѦɵǵļ롣
ĳֲ֪ëɵشȹŵһʶסֳ䡣
ͣԵػͷ
磬硭޴룬УǸ
һʶķӦ۵һۣ⺦Ҳ˵ųҲǰһģһ治֪Щ꣬лҶЩʲô
һɴཫ˱Ѧһڿգµס罫Ŀ־ȥž粻ʱˣʱӲݱգ

ûˣһֱлɻῴġ
ǰʧԼֳף֪һ֪ȴҲڡ
Ҫޣһ˫ˮӯӯڻ谵ҲǲǡۿúЦ
ʲô
Ϊ绹ȥǰԵ
Ѧһ㶣ĹѸȻȥ
ͷ¿ӲȵļϣһԲ
ɫ

̥ľܡ
ļ䱻֪ķŭ⣬йƵعһϸ󲽳ǰȥ
һлZҩ游ι¡
谵͸߸ߵ£դˮ
۱ã߿ĵطͣס䡣
лZı֣
żһѦɻƽסлZһŵػعͷ
͸ԭһģǸ׻չˡ뵽»𽵹
뵽ҹδӾԼǰȴ±ڻ
ǰһ׵£Ŵ㵵ؿˡϵĽˣѦæֳ
·Ǹšš
ֲڣĿİؽ͡
ʶģǲԸʱ֪ͻֵĹϵ
лϷ˴ѣԼֱ֪Ĵܴأ
ݵľĬ䣬лZѽ˯ȥĸ׷ڴ˯£ٻعͷʱ΢ǣĨǳЦ⣺ˣ֪ˣû¡
ֻڿ٣Щ
ȷЩţǵӣһ֦ɫڻ谵ѩ׵ֽȴ¹Ƶɫ˸ϡ
֪Ϊˡ
ЩӣԼǲܣڹУָжǣҶأΪġ
Ѧɱ΢ᡣ
ϻֳӣһ·ﶼŨټϴǰЩĶ˿վڷǰһıѡ
סۿᣬת䣬ޱ߽ڱ䣬˵סһֻ֣ʣ㸸׵ĲɺЩˣ
ʮָ£лZδüйڣ
ر¡ɶ䣬׵ĲѺתЩոιҩѾ˯ˡлZӦ˫Ŀúµİҹ
۵š㲻Ҫޡ
㸸׵ġֻǳܶ˹㸸·֮ʱֲھУЩС˻Ϊսңֻˡ
ȻҲǴлϵͼġԽڦлϣԽ˵йóô˻Ὣһ򾡡±ƽ梺ܿ㽫ѺԲݹʱףԻỹ¿лס
⻰мøζлZȻ̧ͷ ԣǵô
¡лϣ
Ȼ΢΢Ц¿лϣΪ֮۰򣬹֮ʯ
һתʣ䣬δнͼ֪ɣ
ҡлZѿڵ
һϥ£ⳤ˸İ񣺡Ϊ·΢лְ֮¿лϻԶ׷£ӵ£֮Ρ
˵ЦȻΪŲԴл϶ߣȴǲεʧġ
£¼˵Σˮ֮˵þȣԭ͸»˹ȳɲԼš
ƺʹ˷·תѦҲסˣ֡
ԣԭΪҼŻŲ϶лıȴԭⱳ⣿
ɣôǹлϣֻǱһ𡭡
֪ѦһĺȣϲеҲ֪κ¶ȡ
۲δӦֻºͿлZ˶ӣ޲þȻȥˡ
Խ߬ã֮󣬼ҪֹҲһ㣺
޽ΪĸԿŶ衣㸸׵Ĳ޻ҽʦģصġ
ǣл¡лZм
ͷ΢Ʋְɡ
ɤʮƽҲѦƹĿ⣬ײ˴˶ۿɬҡȻȥˣҪúñأúչ˲
ҲǡлZĿˮΪҵµˣúչԼ
ñͺϵİ˾վǰһ֮ȴ֪ûԵĻᡣѦȻҧֳתȥ
üлZȴҲû˵ʲôֻԼౣء
лZȻл¹һסˡ
΢ףת뿪ﰲֻŵü˿̤ڸɲϵĸO@΢븸׵ĺлZ̧봰¹⽫Զȥö˵ӰͶĵϣһвŮò
Ŀ΢΢һ˼
ȥһ·նѹü͡Ѧ֪Լʧ̬ǵֳлҵ£ȴʡ
ܸоõƺϲԼлܡǣΪʲôأ
ԺкȻ뵽һܣֺܿ챻
ֻ뱨Լѣ϶ԼŲΪϲѦګګ롣
ð飬Ҳ̫ˡ
һֱصЩ겻ᣬ֪ȥԡϴԡȵˮԼ羱û࣬һɬʹ
뵽£ĿشףŻδȾ糺İۼģҲЩϰ߹Ĵˡ
δдǾֱʰѩ׾ɴϣһϵ߳ԡ
޵紲ϣֳѾԡڵ
л˵
~~
Ҳ£ԾͲдج~Ӵ~


30 
Ϫ, ½
һСɫҴҵزܵƮĸţش, źʯӰڷ·һž޴ĻĻ, ԺĳҹԺڵĵƻ
½վڻ֮⣬忡ɫ񡣴ʱ, Ҳ˿ƣԺ, æӭȥ
еƻͨ½Ϊ׵һڹԱ, Ųһ¡½ؿ첽߽ס
ϱ˼ɫЩ, ոյõϢ½ҹְȥʷ̨̽ˡ
һ, ¶½Цű⼸տɶڹйģôô, ȥлˡ
ĻŻЦȻԹ֮ˡ
Ц, Ȼֲ⣬Ψ½üĿ, »տ
½ҲЦˡ˵Ϸ, ʵš
ȻͥлϾ顢κμŮɣںҹ, ۻˣȻΪһŮˣָΪףк⵹ǲ뵽ġ
Ҫ϶ڼͺˡƬ֮, 
ʱ, лıû, µĽҲҪôлηɱҪôǻҼ鲻֡ɱһ⿤½ϡ
ԭҲͷƲġȻƿصģԸ½ҡֻΪǿһȨϵ


ƾ⡣
£ڴͷ˾̾顷
ԡֻ˼׽ۣѩ׵£Ũڵķƹ֮£˵Ǿ񡢺ڲ䡣
ɽУӳˡǹĺò
Ѧɿ΢ֵòǼõģ˲ޣҲֻ֪Ƥ£粻ϲŭ޳
ڵŲȥǡôصס֦ͭĵ⡣ĮȻ̧ۣôˣ
һ̣ϣδȺ죺ң̸硭
ϧ
֪Ƕ㲻ġֳĶȤζڣȴƫҪԼ
۴ĨЦСоŨ⡣
ٽôô飿ʡ
ѦѹȴɬصͷҪˡ
Ҫ
ѿ˵ۣҧŴ˵ϣˡ
۰С̧һѩ˽΢תؿ
ӣǳˡ
ѩ׾ɴ֮£Өףӯġ
ô
ǰʹߺХʹѦɲҲ˰أܵ߬ס۰ֺõЦٲǡֻøˡ
ˣͲطƢǣлǡ
ˣ
лŮ֮£ֻʲôˡ
ۿ˫ˮһΣѩ򢣬źĴҧȥ
ݣ㣬һ˫Ҳ˪÷졣
Ѧͷһ󷢰ףҲԽԽء
һת˹תѱȥ
֡
Ĳһӳһӻˡ
ɡ۵鰸£ŰȾӡ
ԲͼѦʪ硭Ҫ
ҪΪʲôҪẬסһСɵĶԴȥޱһֻΣ˵Ҫϣʲô𣿡
ɡǡ
¶ܽػӯӯࡣ۵ͷ˵ȥˣÿٵж硭ôϧٵġ
˵ţ˻һأֿϵ˫ϥ
ѦɺҲסá
߳ܣѦֻʶпһ۱ߵñȥ硭𡭡
ΪʲôȴСƾſŴҲݾܾ۾
úÿԼӡƺ壬˵˵֪ڸǰô
ͬһѦһ٣δʵСʱ԰ֽ
֪Ȼⷽлɼ£
Ϊʲô
ȥǵģͷȴҪΪʲôҪ
ǲϿôᱻָȥڽ
ڼϵǺᣬѦȴʲô֮ʣۣῴС
е˶ۿͨ죬Ⱦ࣬ƳɢڼϸļͷƬƬѩӨӨѩ׼γԱȡ
µĻ棬ڲֳ׵ʵ
ۣ΢ۼ£еαװһֱ
гþи
ҧŴϣסỨĵСҧ÷׵Ĵſ棺С
£رۣ˳ӱķ
èĽģһϡ
ıֻ˵ǲǿ⣬ۻǴĹ˳гЩοЦûϵ
һմ˿ָݽ䣬ǳȽŪٽеø
ΨдᣬͷӦҲһһӿ˻֮࣬⣬κζ
ȤǷмлZʱķĵĻϲ
üۼӹһ˿衣
ļ·ž޴Թεѵķŭ޵޶ȵģлǣѦѧ
ֻԺ󣺡ǻȥɡȥòáҲ
ôأЦҪôԼӡԼĸ磬˵ļǸǿء
Ѧɱ˵£Ӻݺһ
ûáЦҲΪ͡
֪˶ãͬһβڴˮСԵ㡣
ǰľƱ飬һˮϣ£ҲɴΪꡣ
⣬ҹɫ
գѦʱѱˡ
̫ѨԶ۶۵ʹţһƬհۣԺжֳߣʱһ飬˲ѡ
齱ߣ֪á
ŮʶηشʹۣüӿĪ£ַķ˿ٺ¸磿
ǳߣҹҹîʱҲһѡ§ǿ˯ʱˡ
ҡͷߴŵѩ£ʣֽղϳô
壬ʲôü
Ȼû˵ǣԭ½ǰ鴦лϵ£Ӧˡ
ݵָΪסҳֻΪǿռõĻǺˡ
ѦεءŶһкܰ룬Ҫһˡ
δ£²֪ںδ˵µ㶼صŷǰСϡ
齱ûаҪߵ˼۽΢ղȴһۿ룬ЦһѶЦĴû
ɫʣ磬޹ģ𣿡
лɳŵֻһ֣ҲȫġϾҹǰΪлɡ
ǵڶˡܺԸоϲлɡ
ǰǵĻº޳ɵġ
һ˲ϵɫ˿ѱָŮϸļϣƵĲ
΢أסҪõı֡
һܹԵġϽ֤Ÿġ
ӹһ˿ζһֻסӨתüۼǸĿԴ
ߵصͷֻ˳ɵȸȴܾ룬ôֻô
ַ֪𰸡
һжֻΪѡûŮ֮飬Ҳ֮顣
϶Ƶ⹴ԲҪ˴
ŹֱΪֹ
أѵҪһô
Ҫ
ʲô
ֳϤأǿЦЦ̧С¹峺޹һɣ硣
㻹ûȢӣ㲻ʱкӵġ
ĿƣҲټʱƽ⣿
Īﻹл䣬ø󣬺ǰԵɣ
ɫ΢ףȴҲֻһɲȻãҡǲкӵġ
˺ӣΪҶɩɩˡңҲøΪΪѡ
ľտݼȴûһЦ
ǲܣǲ롣
л䣬ܾ𣿴Զ׼
ļ䱾мֶõϧϧС¿࣬ҩˣһ˿ϧҲûˡ
ɫȴЦһüۼֲмã
˵ǲǡҲ˵ҲѪԵϵУ벻ãҲ˵˲㡣
⻰ʲô˼
ѵҲԡ
ѦһǿװҲûˣӦ亰֦
иϸϸŮӦĹˣ
ȥҩ䵭
Ѧļ䲢ûЭɻ֡
ǰֳʵ̫ˡֻԶ롣
Ǻܿ࣬ɱӣ׽ܵöࡣ
л˵



31 
۵һȫ, Զ޵ʵȺķطûУ
ʵǽһ类鴦л֮µ½ӡ
طһŰ׾ȴͨ, ͷҿر, ½ϸȺһʱˡ
۱ֵһۣȾ͵ȣʲô
طͷøͣȻӦر, ְҲ֪ԼΪ졣
ż䣬, ޵λ䣬κ
ֻǡ뵽֮Եټ½֮µĳֿܰˡ
Сӡ
ü΢, ҲЩȻ, ü£뿪
ıݽ֮, ½ȻȺá
òټ½һϳҲ̫ˣ
̲ס͵ӵ, ǿֱ
Լϳ, ʿ֮½ϵļǷλŹ֮ҲҪټ, ôǸڵ⣡ֻΪŮ˶ѣ
һ޵Ļ, ֱһģһ
ڸ׵ļߣ½ȴҪƽö, ȻȰ׵»Ǳʲô°סҲδ֪׾ٵȵȰɡ
½δ
ֻеȰѲɣһ֮
Ǿ, ǳ, ɲǰǰǿϡѹǰҵʱ, Ǹλ֮ǰһֻ̡
ڽµãҲվˣռ٣Ц½ɾõ˰ɣѾˣλȥ
½ϵĲҲڲסڳϽףҲûһ䡣ЩΡ
һԳȴ񣬴ǸŸ
ѰŨ㣬֮£ڸʲôᢵʹּһɫӷ鰸֮ǰʣϰ֡
½ĵװģǿ̳һֹɫЯǰ¡
۸ʣ̧½䰡
˴ֽЩлϵ۶Ӹ޽һлҵİӣ̨Ǻο
ɤ΢ƣ۵׻ŵ࣬Ҳ۵ò½ǹˣһ۱Ƴǳҹ¡ŭʢͬʱְڿࡣ
ʮûŮƵģһְʧˡ
طЩԭָʹ飬ȴʮĹ£ΪлҸӻдȻ˵״δ̫׽ӰΪ棬Ҳ³ŷο֮вȷһлҪȵ⹫˰Բݷ
е⹫ʷ̨ʷkڱЭ깫¡ɫ΢¶ͣڣ˰۸ӣʷ̨ȥȥҲôЩʣ޽չ
ûнչûԼҪĽչ
½ͷȻȴΪֱ⣬ͬʮأҲȷкζԳò֮Ȼʷ̨Ҳûܲ»ȷǳܸܶ棬˼
ܸ棿̿Ҳ͸ż½ͷһѸɫЦЦ½ƽ￴Ҳֵܾò죬ȴΪ˵ɼǻѼ鰡
ϳҡ½֣̿ݣ½Ҳݣϳƾ˵£ϳȷ֮ˡ
⻰ʵҲ˵òΥģ˽ֹиԿΪΪͬˣΨһɡ游²֮˱ļ壬вѹġƫлϣŷϽˡһˣ񶼿Ҫ˳Ȩˣ
ɼʹȴΪǿռΪʲôء
ţֲһ䣺֮Īۣл޹Ҳήġ
־Ϊ⣬üӹһ˿ε
ڣĿأ
ת½أĿ
½صͷӣϣʿΪһ֮ȫҵΪ˳ԡ
ƺźͻЩͷ֪ˡ
ݺ飬Ȼȥɡ
գֱȥŭ䲻ʮԱҲǺˡ½ϸӹݣ¡
ûܽл϶ºܲ⡣
صУ½
һƣǸ·ǣΣ
Ҫлı֤֮˼ˡ½ԥ᲻ᡭǹģ˴α֮У²һ񡣡
˵ܵǵȷķǳԵ¹֣֮ż󼴻٣й¶ܾЩΡ
½ͷѨȻǹģΪ˰ռְʲô벻
ʱ۲ҲȷһΪĲʲô
˭룬깫һŮڲ£Լܻ˼ҵĻϵл֮Ͷ֮ǿռֱƣ
ԣһкξ壿
½Цȵۣλ»̫Ҫˡ
Ϊ˳ӣвΪǵġȻ³ٳò׼лϵı֮ǣͰˡ

½ϸӶ뿪֮󣬻ֻ
ϣŴط㶣ɢѩչŴ߿ڳδɢĿ߽Ҳû
ʲô
£۽§뻳У˳ɢٳ
Ѧɻعϻ̳˳飬ʷ근֦Ѿõı˳ƽӹҰɣȥ
ոգ½ϸӹˡҨҩڴߴ˴ϵ
⻰˵֡Ѧɲɲת׺ںҩѵݵߣֳƽ嵭ۡ
Ҫι
ϰǣңԼ
ŭЦЦɵؽͣһһ׵ĺȣܿġ
۱ҩݸѦӹ˫ֺҩͷ๾غţˮһ㣬û۲üһЩ
ȥˮʱѾҩҩؿھҵؿţҩ齱߰ϴ
۽ˮݸһ˳űһ̲ס𣺡ʲô˺
ļȴӿ𷽲ſʶؿ־ԼʱĪֵݡ
ǰǺ¿ġ
ϦʱҲҪһҩһƴι
̶̼գÿҩҲûа
˵¶ӦܣǰҲ̫ȻԴ˾ȴο
Ͼڷйǿ֮£ȴҪе벻еĶ
˵½ʲô
һɲǣѦѾˮƽҲϼĺΪ˺̴ҵķۡ
ɤϸϸģ˳ƺδñί֡
ɵúǡ
Ϊָѩױ˹Σ½ϸοлҵ£½ϸӣɾ˵ûء
ʲôԾ
Ѧ΢۵ļգЦ֮ΪҲᣬܱƵúԼ¶βء
ڸл˵ûҲϷˡ
ಢҪл˻ᣬ½ϵһ򾡡
Ѧ⣬Ŀαװѱǵϣ罫лΪǶԸ½ϣ𣿡
ҲЦһۣ紺ĺ㣬ƺ鲻Ѧ룬˽ֳůȵľ£ʮǵơ
Ѻ̬ļ΢ͣתĿᶯŴʣôˣ
ҡҡͷ˫§˾˵øЩϲ磬͸׽Զô𣿡
ͷЦţڴ
ܵ۽˳شѩ׵ܽϣµӰ˳˵ģ
֪ϷҲûǣһµЦһЩȻ㡣
ȴ΢ۣϴһ
ʲô
ۿĺһ֣ҲȾˮƵʣϴΣ˵ԶŸ磬˵Ϊ˭
ǲǺ٣̧ˮƵ⡣
һ˲֪ǼٵģҲƬ̻̲ס̧ȥޱ߲ڵᡣ
ᡣֻҪٲлСӣҲͰˡ
Ѧɱۣ½Уૣûеġ
ѹļϪϵԹԲĵر⣺ֻϲ硭
Ǵǰǻçײ˳Ϊлл˵ûɡ
˼λҺҲѧˡɵ½ңȴһϲлϡֵÿɵɵΪ飬
ͷβĸǾֻѱ˳Ĺߡ
֪۰ĸΪʲôҲϹ֮л֮ǰҲΨԸ
ĽҪģݸΣҪߵŹĸ֮󡭡
ֻûֳˡǸΪֳѾҲûˡ
˺գ۽Ъ
ϡѦɹȻ˳֮࣬Ҳޱϣٰ档
ҹĻܽУŮ˯ţս죬βȾ࣬˯Ҳǹ˲֪Ľģ
ͬ񽳹˴ԼΪƷۺŨ˯еá
ָ͵̺촽ȥ
ָ֪룬˯еҲԹ
һУǿռ裬˺ѣҩҲǹ˳ܡ
˯ҲϷֵزġ
β׵һصĿ⣬һֱͷָḧգЦǿ
գǺãȥ䡣
ʲô£
ѾȺʱķط
طһſԲ˵ǺѪæͷ£лˡ
л˵
õ죬ƭ˵Ĺ


32 
ԭ, ½ϸߺ󣬻۱˰ǱлҸ, á
, գ½ϱסˣǱл, Ͷƽ֯ɵͨеţԴʵлı֤֮
طȥ, иˣһ·̫ʿǸ, δǰ߳
½ɽ, ûֱǰȥͶţǸõ¹Աǰλͬǽŷūeϵ̫ʿ, ǰ䡣
ûܲ鵽½ͷϣطЩȻ, ܵƮӰ±ȭ°², ½
ָֽܱīɢ, , صڵϸ
̲дŨصպ΢, ӳڽϽӰӰ´һƬ
طͣűߣʹ޸ȥԶҲ̧ͷ
ʲôýġܱü˵Ũü׺Ų֪ĺ, ڴҹ̡
ع˼, ƽ, 첻ġ취ҵƽԴ
סҪ֤ݡ
طӦǡʶ̧һۣĿǻ۵ġţһ죬Ҵҵȥˡ
΢㵣ȴµķӦȻֽܱε̨ϵˡ
ƽֻɽר֯죬ʮֺķԷƽΪʵơ۾Ҳͬ˿
½ϰ壬˴ҪģҪ
峿лл鷿вУ֡˽صĵͨš
֤մŭ˽֤ȥʷ̨ڲеҹ
ǲϣ֮࣬ʹȥʷ̨òֹʡ
ͬʱزݵ깫ʷ̨ԱҲɽؾС˿˾ӭԳǣӭػ梡
ˬϷɣгٹٶӭΡ֮£깫Ůӳзʱġǧꡱû
ڳϣ̧Ŀ˾ΡĳǽֺĹڣδڵİֳһ˿㯣С
ʮ뿪̨ǣδһղ˼ǣӵĹ硣Ȼʱټֽ֮Уþõأܻ
£ڳ˶Ƽ˹Ϊƽȥյ
һδĮɳ;˪µĺۼ
һȴ֮£ֻ©һƽĵɫ
ǣһŮ˵Ŀѡ
ϴŵĽڷҡ˾£ѻȸۻǰסýỽһ梣ࡣ
һϵΪԶʮķ糾٣ʵΪֵ֮ƽȹɡ
˴α֮£ȷȥǰİŲԻһŮ֮ݡδϷϢǲС
㻻͢ȥ˻ûƺӣ߾յϢ
ԣ˭أΪŮӣȴ˿ֻЩӪӪֻΪŻ˽Ƶں֮ڣǿɿĶࡣ
ӹ𣬺ƺƵӭӹ˾ţ̫
֮У̫ѱ˾磬׷׵λ£ӹ½׵ݹľƣһ˴β֣֮ȫ梡ܾһ
¹ˡ깫ǵϵֻһˣ֮ޣ֮£ҪʷµĻʶ顣
⻰ʵҲдֻڱ֮ݴʷгŶȴҪľжȫϢ
ݵĴãʷ̨ĹԱնĽչԱȷǸ֮ţַڣͭʹݣˣ֮󣬴گֶܻ˵ĵ𣬰ģı֮ȫͶ
˴Ǵ£ȴֻһССĴƷʷ仹δﵹ
ǻԼΣͲţŴ˵Ҳ΢΢ԵãϯԶԱ䣬أɡ
źɫٷ忡վãȻؿ¶΢Цӣٿ
һҾۣл¡
깫µұƺһ˿ЦʾŮ˹ƺ˵һ
ʷǴ˴֮ҵĹ檲书Դ˾ƣл
ЦʾŮ˸
Է֮𣬾ҲȫȻûаּӣԄ֮Уˣ۶ʱȻ𾴣ݹ˫ַл¡
˴;ƣЩ깫òѲУǸˣ֮Ҳ˵Ц˼
һЦ껪ȻɥǿչءºβѡſΪ޽Ե
¹ٿλʷܺãǲ֪λʷȢޣ̫ʿЦŸ͡
ΪԹ٣ڳ棬¹ӡЩΪȤ
Ƶʱ죬ڳҲû̷ʾؿλ֮ϵĻۡ
۵ЦֳյдϥϣζؿޱĻ梡
誽Χ
Ҫ֮ȨԸС¶ܰƽΪá
ϯ֮ϣ깫΢΢һЦϵһ񣺡¡
Ȼʿ˵֮£Щθ˻
梵޷
ʮʱԶ𣬱ٴδ˽ϡ
Ϊ磬룬¡лһա
檵Ǳ¸ģ˺ԸΪ·ǡԱ¶£һ֮ҲԸټˣ¶׼
˵֣꣬¹һأϵڵ֮ϣͨ¡
΢΢ף梺ڴˣɡ
ЩÿڨЦ΢̸Ц֮Ҫ˾ܻ飬ĳˡ
һתǽɽ˵£˵ˣλʷֱǿЩġ
δ˵ֱ꣬깫ȻعժŸߣǽ赶۵ʹ˳¶֮£ͫһжںЩʧ̬
ʱ֮У࿴˱鲼۵ͫ΢𣬹Ѷŵ½ߴãЦˣٻжɣͲʿΪ檵Ļ²ˡ

ڨڨ
֪ǰġ
δб̬ĵؿŵµۡȴٲĵķŭ¡
ǹ֮һ֮ס˱߽ʮİΣôսسǸչʱȴҪǵ裡Ϊ͢٣̫ʿǺεȵĶ񶾣
ȻҲ֪ǷΪԹǶԽĳǰԻġȻȤĳСȴýͷǣϡϳͣ
ЩƷеĴ󳼶ǶŭĿӡ֪ŭæϯǸڨЦű⣺һʱƺʧԣð˹֪½
ƺʧԣ
깫ȴת涸Ȼʿǧĺô볣ֿ֮ͨУǿɻԼؾְ֮գһѾԻء
һƽؾףѩˮӭ£սս̷ֻ⻰Ǻ⣿ĳðƺʧʵ޶⣬ΪҪڴܳף
۱ף£һΪ֮ͨģ
ǷϾĿϷ̬ü۴Ʒƣ˱治깫򷴴༥
ʿô
ʥ˴֮£ǿڿлͨУȻΣȴһ֤лйأǽʷݶ˸ѵ볯дͨɡеʮ⣬ʿأ
ҲֻѰѣ˵ʲôѵҪȫΪ֮ͨôر⡣
ǿδء깫üĿƣ֣ڻؾ;УЩʱƤͩҲҪΪǶڲʿԼδûǺһһأ
㡭һᣬֱͦͦģεϯ½ҲɫļԾ
깫վĿɨϯ侪ʧĴ󳼣Цһ£ȻҲʿ˲٣๫䡣
գϬĿɲɵأɫһۡ½ļһȴЦüϰ񣬱ǸҲˡ
п಻
֪ݲʲôлͨе֤ݡ
깫һĸĸ¿лϣֵ̫̫Ȼƫġ
δȻҲôеڹؾ֮ǰʵлϵ
£깫뽫ˮϣȻлΪռְûпܣΪأ
ã
Ӷͬʱ뵽Ǽűͽлƽαš
£
ƫʱȵʷ̨ʷة޻ϯһ࣡
һ˲ᵽĿڡ
˴ʷ̨ͬʷkڵĴԱӱϣ޻Ϊʷؾеʷ̨߳٣ҲǴ˴θлϵ١
ֱ½ϸӶδȶδõֻôӱ𴦴ʱ࣬Ҫ·
ϻ겻ĵĮ뽲
ة콫ǼƽµԭǴлϸѳȴ֯칤Ѱ˽𣬳˿룬һ·鵽˵֯졢·ϱʿץס֯칤һ֮󣬵֪ǲýµı֮ˡ
Ǳˣȴ̫ʿǼҵĹ¡
Ǽҹ±ʷ̨ʱǲһֱͦͦ㵹ˡ
΢΢ЦƵδ̫鵹Щ˼ˡ
ˣ̧ȥѺگʷ̨֮ڣҪ

ԭһӭӹؾĻ磬ݱıһֳƸǷ췭ظ֮仯ȻأһȴȺԤϵġµˡ
ǰı֮ڱݡ
ֶԲ֮ءڹйɱôһ˲أ˵ӳܶ˵Ĺе֪ٹԱֲ֪ǣ˭
Ⱥ˽ɢȥ깫ȥ뿪ʱ򣬷·еģͷȺ֮ĺ¹Ա
ڵб봰򳤹ٻ㱨˴֮Уͦʯ
𷽲мԼάʹѱ´ĥֹˮ깫ļҲůӿ˿˿Ƶů⡣
ûӶά
ɷνˣʱ֪Ǽ޻Ƿ̰ҲŲˣЦЦؿǱΪԼףҪּҪѳᡣ
ʲô
ߴǷһ˵Ҳδĸˣȥѵ̽Ӧ
ɫͣҲá
ĸҽһлڣҲ氢ܴнһ
깫۽΢ЦЦϥл󣬱ڹ£ѵȥ
ʲôء
롣
ϷлϵĴѹȴǼٵġһ£ֻɥʱٶӹΪҲ޼ˡ
ʵҲԶȻЩ꣬½½͢¡֪һ򵭲ʿԴȨ꣬ȴǼˣЩֻ˸ɢ٣ȻҲΪѡְŻˡ
λһȷսպչȴҲգһǶԳúвΪʲôҪ
ѤþɫˮʹȥأҲ̰ʱԷ
ֻ뵽˵λְΪ˼ҲϵĽãҸʱȥ̽

ʷ̨жѸ٣ҹ㽫õǵ״ʵݽ
۲δ⣬ֱ˵ؽĵһյ½ϸӽнУһ״ֽӸ½ԼɡܹЩ֮ʣ޾Ͳˡ
ݡ¡½㵣ŵž˫ֽڲ
ʿͷṩΪ棬ʶɢһֱĵصŻʵ۵ĴãȴôҲû뵽ֱӰ״ֽӸԼ
΢΢Цޱѵõһ˿ϣԶǵãޱ֮ʷλһһߵ˽졣
½ǽŽɣȴݺ᣺ߵл¡λݣԱ֮Ρ
Ҿ֮䣬ºЦʾ½أڣ㸸ɡ
½ϸڵ˶ǵĳʹΪūeϰػģ½лϣΪһΪδû䱾ҵͬı塣Ķ˳ȥ
½Ӱʧںϵĵ֮ɫѸ䵭ӳɴˮͼɡ
֮ڵŲŮɢ¶ڱ֮£Ǹԡ
⽫޵۹յúһ񡣻΢Цٶˣ
ЩȻͷŽԼøˣңҲǹġ
Ƿ˵ڴ˴
޵֪ʲôֺܺײ󳼣ȴ졭
һˣ½ϸӵ̸֪лһݺѱʷ̨ԭȵıҲ֤еĹݡ
ǹģ
ԣҪҪ˲ô
ѦļʹƵҲӹһ˿㯡
ĿԼʱˡ
ģ˳߹ȥߵش̸硣
Ůںڳɢ۽΢˵ĽͿһЦ§סϣôٴô磿
л˵
꣺Լ


33 
֮ĩ, Ľˬࡣв, üһ׺̵, ԶƺԼɱޡ
ϣӰѾһѦɱ籧ڻ, ˫§ͷ
񻨰һĴ, ϡ΢£ר־ϻȦ
۵ĺ΢΢, һ˲, ΢ָʹβ׵һ֣.űɿˮܵĴ
۽, Ũڲ׵ѷϼ
ԵĿ⣬Ѧͷ༲ҵ, ӵ, ɤϸͬһֻ˳Сè硭
۵Ԩ޳ָϸϸĦΣ
ҡԼòã
ųؾƬ̵
Լ, Ĵ.
ÿһΡҪƵġ
õĬ, ͷ߷˼زסĺᡣ
˻
ȫ߶߬ڴ, ļ䱾ܵطϼԲر㼵СûУ
ϲֱ׵ĸо
һĲͣѦɲضţ硭
˵ԼȴҪڡ
۲̴С, Ӹιȥ, Ͳۡ
Ѧɴһ, ȴǿСָͷСĺںɫҩ衣˲ʲôЩܵ

ϲЩᱻҩＤġĵķӦ
ңڱܶҩǺأ
ԣԲ𣿡΢֤һᣬһܹԵġ
شȴֻ֣
޺ͻ粻㡣
ֻõͷȻע½ҩͽļȴһ󵭵Ŀ⡣
ĸǲôġ
ԸȿҩҲһüһʵĵغꡣ
ְԼЦǸܺõĸ粻Ѿ𣿶زˣΪʲôһ֮أ
²ĸֳһǿռԼá
Ҳĸһ̷֪ܵԼֳ֮֮ȥŮҲûʲô
ǰƲ̷˾ʦ룬ڵֺʦʲôأֻһ˵Ůˡ
̰ɣ̡
ʮָǣϸ߷ʱˮ㻬գģʪ
ȵŹлǣһجˡ
һ죬ܿͻᵽˡ
ٻعʱѸϺἲƽˮգָǰµһںڳٺùԡ
ɤ΢ƣһ仰ȴǵѦĪֺõ̳ɵЦٻԶôԵġֻҪ粻
Զ
Цȴһ˲
СʱȷܹԣҲֻһ֪ȱʳǵŵʱ䣬ԼһʳңԶѵžžવһԡ
԰ᵽУͰҲķԳԱů
ɴʲôʱ𣬾ͱأ
ǴСӳ֮ɡ˵ҪԶһתͷȴ޸л䡣ֻƵüﻹ˵ϲĸ磿
ԣµԶмأ
СֺǼٵģΪлˡ
üĿʱ׵ѦСʱһ
磬ôˡ
֪Ϊʲô
ѳ飬еĺ£ûзֻʣȥݵʱû硣
Ѧһ㵣ʲд㺹üʪ
дĺЯһ˿δ飬ŷŷỨһ飺ûУ
ûУ
Ѧۿһᣬ̼Ϊռݡ
ôûء
ǸʱΪֳϪСʱҲһŮƽ
˭Ϊʲôֳĵһ£ȴǽɷϤǿռ֮£
롭ġܿع񣬺Ӧÿ춼룬硢ƽ
档ŮˮģӳӰ·ټرֻʣһظһЦ
١
ͷ޺촽СС૶ݼ䣺ҡ
һᣬᵽѦΪֻǻþ˫ʧرԨ
ɫ𨣬ҹ羲һֻüӹԵˮ棬鿪

峿ѵ
ҵİأȥĶˣ
깫߽̫̫޹ʱ̫̫󷽲ѯߵ澣
課ǻôôֲˣ
һᣬϴþ߿첽߽ȥ΢Цĸء
òã
Ϥ̫̫ŻȻع񣬼еرסҿİӴ
ɫȻ˫᳤ռĵһ档
깫رס˼ң԰µİɫݡ
Զʮ꣬Ҳĸ
̫̫ŮֶŮ游Ϊڶν̫̫֡
ĸҲлŮɣֶ̫̫Ů
ΪϵĸѲȥԱ̫̫ȥǳס
ֱʮʱȻʥȵ۲ԸŮ棬콫ŮΪԶ޺ס
ּһգȵ۵ĹĸΪȵǰధȴûܸıˡ
ˣΪŮˣûп԰ʵȨʺ̫̫̫󣬶̫ת䡣
һɼһƼ
̫̫ϴ̫̫󽥽ƽ£ˣЩ£ҵ㡣
֮ʵ۵ʲôô
طʱ˱ͷʹޣ޹֮󣬵Ҳ侲˴˵Ϣ¡
깫Ȼǿռ֮£ǾãҪĿķΪռѦɣǽ½ϵĵ
ʶһ΢ЦȰ⣺ĸİɣлǲµġ
ǸǾֻƫЩʹʷ̨²δ˸л̣չмӡ
ǣ̫̫Цһǿռ޵Ļɫû赽ǷϾǻˡ
ҿҲǳ¡
⻰֪ҪνӣγĬϢĽɣ˵ϵȷ̫ҡ
ԶȻͥҲͼһ׮ʡ˵ϲԱɱ༫ΪңºϳӲ֪ʲôȴλ֮Ϊ̫ӡ
Ľ᣿̫̫ŭȴһ˳θߣ粻УƫƫʱУôֵ𣿡
Ӷɱˣ϶Ǻ̫󶯵֣˵Ҳ֪ԩͷծҪĽᣬôͿϷŹѦˣ
סǿռˡ̫̫Ȼܽᣬְ䲻ãʲôҲµȥ֣
̫̫ͷϣ깫Ҳ˵ʲôֻ˽пվʧΪ֮
ȴǿռһ£λʵӡпɡһԼԼȵλֻµȻ
Ҳ˵¼ʱȵ۳ϣĸסҴͥҲûСʵۡҲǹ游ٳϣǿ磬ݣűʼҳϡ
ЩҲͼΣȫʰȵ̯ӡΣָʹùϡ
£ôλʵҲȫ
̫̫Ȼô롣
ֵص깫һۣôϸ˵
Ϊˣţ⸨֮Ȩô걳硢ԶĲӦõģ㲻ؾÿǷʲô
깫ΣֻӦ£Կο
̫̫̾ǺӵҲǸġ˿գȥɡ
깫Цףǡ

깫̫̫˵һӻǣͬ·ָŮȥɡ
йлϵĴãʱ¡
Ȼȵſڣŷֵؾ󳼣½½ظΪף㶼ͷͷɥֳ˰˽ţĵȴҽգֻ̼ⰲ
һ˲׹ջһۣͨȻлģҲ㴦лңôǰЩⵯ֮ˡǽ֮ˣɲ͵Լô
ŽգǲԸ֮⣬ЩȻĻš
ӴҲˡ
߽ڽϣԶԶЦк
һڴ󳼼ɫԲȻ깫δãŷ΢Цף»δôҪ£¡
ɲôӦһֱЪأū򲻸ڴʱȥҲֻ͸λȵˡ
˵ţ깫ȴ֪뵽̫̫˵ġʵǿռְһ£Ц΢ɣʹ֪ˡ
Ц⵭һڴǳǳʾ⣬תˣʼҲδ½һۡ
½ɫһ˲ڳ
Ժ֮£Ϊ˽𣬶ΪҼơԣ´˹ˣΪǱƺ
дȰҪҲȻȥ
عΣҲáΪ²ͣǻǲҪϢˡ
ɢһֱĵǱµЩ״ҲܷģŽ̽Ŀڷ磬û뵽Ҳ
֮£ԼǱ۰һˣȻ˵ʲô˭֪ôģ
ԼӶɱܶʲô֮顣½ң¡⳼ҲԱˡ߾ңڲֶԸ½ϡ
½ԹɵĹţߺһƶ񶾵Ц
ԸܺһŮϾͺˣ
ɢȥǴδȴ鰸ߣְֵؽϰ֡
ļȦڻһֻһֻҲ§䡣
鰸һذ׵ֽԲһ߼ϣ֣һдˡۡ롰ɡǵ֡
ּã͵壬ʱѧķ
ӣҲʱϰֵĳ
ĥԶߴȵշ̣Ѧսսּ˱ʵҲЩղס
ͷȱֱһãרһЩ
ݺһҲһһƲīֽϣǷǲܿˡ
硭Щ£عȥһ˫Ӳ˾ʧС¹
ᷣġ
ôϡŹֵķĥƫƫлǣܷ
ôʲô΢΢üЦ˵ֲ㡣
ǡѾ𣿸֪һҵıʣͨ죬޲ȥ
ҲǴҳʱڹУڲĸߣѧЩ˵¡ƫƫߵĶ̶һ£ѧH¡
˼䣬ȴɿ֣дҿ㡣
Ѧɴ⣬ר־ϰƫƫʱȴо޴صĥ߳ܣҲĻſ䡣
еȻ᧿ΣЦһ£תס
һصҹߡСʱȥԡˮС
Աֳ§ڻУĿԣЩزȥϴ
͵һЦָδձߺʪ޷
ԭֽѷڵأһҳҳһ㣬д֪ӺδķɫĵͣЪήں̺֯ɵĵ¡
һֽȫĳߴ磬ֻдѡ
һԵʰĵװ̾˷ѡ
ԡˮһʱ޻ѦǺߵľŵģŽδʵۿ
粻ϳô
ɫͷʪĶЩûأǳ˵ա
ֵӣеһǣֻһйˡѦ롣
ʲô¶ɫЦ΢
ֻҡͷ˵갢梻ˣңҪȥô
ɫġ
ҹлҵ£ǳȴ亮ѣ޻˵۵ḧգôˣ
ܹ˳ʱĵĹ˳Ҳܸоõֹ˳ֻǱ棬Ĵδѱ
ûʲôֻǾǻ梣ңӦȥ̽ġѦګګ˵
Ϸ죬СӨףòɡۿȵƣһ.
Ѧ硭ңһûҩ
磬ȥ˸Ұҩòã㻹ûгɻ飬ʱкӵġңҿԳҩ鷳
鷳
üļ෺𵭵ŭʲôμʲô˾
ܵġʶܾ
ʵĿ־壬û·һʱҲòֻʣۣ
ǹȥɣΪصͷΪֻüǾȲɡ
ͻСҲɣġҲô
Ż誵ĸ׾Ѳȥһʬˣôء
ҩȶ˻Ҳ۵ġֻҲ㣬߲ٲСٵصЦ
Ѧ΢һĩ
ǡ̽ô
С۽ԼƵˮأҧԣԸٵġ
һЩ

ˮһɪɪ޲ԶսԲԵĻûҲЦ
Ȥҵиķӣǲ֪ԸԸ⡣
սϣÿ˵һ֣ľֱһ֣ɫѿ԰ѩ
ġЦֵ㲻ôŹһЩҹȥ
л˵
Ϸ룺һֱЪء


34 
ŵҹȥл, µˣȴָ⡣ʷ̨ʰ
, ڳΪ¸ִһʡ㷲ʱ, ʷ̨͢ݽȫĽ᰸顣
֮ѳײʷֿǵΪ׵ĳд󳼣ı, ·ֽ֮ˮ, ޻лϡ
Ϊʹʵǵɿ, ӽ伫Ĺݡ֯۷, Ǳлҷ鷿Сأˡ
ӵݽ, մŭ, 塣
Щǰ顰ҷ١лϵĴҲΪͬ, ıᣬ, ͢һƬҰС
ͬʱ, ӳ֮ǰлϣָԼ౻ǣ˵Ĺְ, ؽлΪ֪¡
лZҲŽ佫¡
ͬڴǰͳ˧, ʵʵڵİѱıȨ֧ӱҲ游һֽ, ҳƽ֮, лұ㽻˱ȨȴǽȨ
Ȼ½ڵȳ͢سҲûίѹʵۡлҳɴԩԹޣȨ¶ˡ
ȴˣϲΪ˷ѡ˷лϣͣ಻ƽԹοҳ
½գҲֻв֮

ʲô
кǸӣ̫̲סͬе½Թ˿֮£֡ڹϣΪ˰лϣҲòŸȨ
ǽţ˷ɴ˴ԩȴȨ治¶Էġ˳ƾͽҸͶˡ
½һĻڻʵ۵ɱӺϣǿЦЦԼǱɡ
λҲѶְǣһƼ
ռ˱ӣпɲô
ԼΣʵ۲ٰѹлˡ
룬ȴһŷ¶ȻҲǳ˿ǣŷĽȨлϵġҲعˡ
ǣǿһҲ࣡
з޷ޡ
½ȴ֪ġȻǿռְУҹг裬˭֪ǲΪŸлϱȨ
Ľִ֮ǽдģɨ
δүϵҲڣ½гЦȴҲãܹǽˣȱ˱Ϳ̿Ҳ˳м鳼´οڰ
ˣôˣ͢壬ҲСˣҲʱӭȢˡ
»ãһᣬһַӦ¶ֻȥʱ£Ϊ˳֪
Ҳǡ½΢΢ЦĿ˽״֮ңĽᣬЩҲû
иƨĽᡣ
ðɡ
ܣʱôĽˣ
֪½Ҳ֪ռ֮£Ǵ̫֪Ե޴šȴ±͸ˡ
ؾ֪ʮ̫е¸δʺƫƫ꣬Ȳ˻飬Ҳ飬ö֮ذռѦŮֱǰμҵϲȣỹʮ׮£
ó޷޺½˱ȥ
½ȴζؿȥķ
Żʵ۵ѲݶԻȨμҲԹ޻ʵ۲顣£Լǲܴƶһѣ

ʷ̨ȻжѸ٣糯ʱӵڳ֮ͷŵ磬㽫һҼǣϤŹ顣
˵лūeϵϵлˣᣬֳ֣ǻؼˡ
ɩҲû£нӻؼȥˡĺˣ͹ĸչ˵úܺãǣлǿջЦ˵ֽ͢һ飬»ְ֪֮֮ȨڰZ佫ְ֮£
˴Ǳɱ壬ķūeҲһӰ죬лǾʱֳ֪־ڳãҲ˵˳˿ο
лúͶӷţֻǰƵһЦΪ˳ҵҵ࣬ͷҲܵõɷǺĵġЩ֮
ֻǵҰװھŻɽеĸףϢô
лҡͷܻ֪ûȥΪѰ
лͷɫأƵǰߡ
ɨƬƬҶԵǵӰ塣
л̾˿лZȴڰؿĸ
ӵ״
Դձһʷ̨֮ʼղúܣ֪»᲻ΪԼǨŭ
Īִ£ƺٸͬһ㡭
տԼ޵ģֻ᲻ء
лҲǣοЦЦİɡȥĸдû˵ǺʲôǲǨŭ
лZһӦˣٺòˡ

صһµļУԷһɣ鳭鷿Ҳѻָԭ״ȴѾжµĴʱױ˷·ݣһжƺı䡣
ѱͻأһ¼йڿ֮Уȴļʣδ̫ĥȻɷĵȻǲùġ
һ˼棬˽ؽػش˼ȦЦŵ᣺û¾ͺãû¾ͺá
һңûµġ
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Ǳµļӷʥּּ
ҽԹһƬּҪʥּлӹּ⣬ȴ̾Ϣŵлڼࡣϳѷ꣬ʵ˼姼룬¿ʳˣꡣ
һҲƾֹлZ𾪵һ۸ףѸٵͷȥ
ЦͣعתлZӣأ
ʹˣ˷ˣΪ֮롣ɳ긻׳Ч֮ʣƴǡлZּ
֪׾һֻºģʶԸٳˡ
㡣ƴǣƴǣǺݺݴ˱µ
ּñ̨׿¡
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ЦЦǷнлҸٰݣлZʣ࣬أ𣿡
ְ֪Ƿлϣи̾˾ԵȴҲЦЦû£²Ϊ
صãлдĴǳҲ˽粴ߣǷۿգһͣ
֪ô
л½ҵҲȸ֪վлǷѽЩȻΪ˳ӣʳ֮»ԸΪǡ
ʹ񡢳¾ֻҽ̻Ļԡӣ¶ĪԼкι֮䣬Ҳ޹֡
ݵϷҪݵģһȥ߹һ׼ãϣȥлһˡ
ȥлң
ϢʱѦڴǰ鰸߿飬΢΢ס
㣬ŮǴӲֿɹǻء˼ҽ鷭ģʱıȻһ
ѧ֮ɡ˰ҽ飬ῴ
ȻЩҲǱ´ǰµġʱĸסಡȻݱ΢뵽ҽʶѧҽǨЩϤҲϽ֮ʡ
Ц΢ת˲ѽŵؽص󣬿Ӧ֪ˣл࣬һȥġ
нһ²ĸǵͬʱҲ
еҽȴֳ֪뻳УҲУÿζкúõغȱǾ䡰˾ȴ
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֪ǰ׼Ϊ֮ǣԼɣ
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ӭ䵭΢΢üȻס֣
õʱô˵ô
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ǿĻӦɫ䣬̬ȹ˳ְѻȥͷû˵ʲô
ѽʱȫ˪һ۹ɫĻϣкӰ
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ϴμŲʮգȥЩɫȹ£Ҳһ֦ݵ滨ȴǿܹߣֻȥе³
Ȱݼ¡
ԳصǸ׵ع񣬸ݡ
ųĿܿ³ǰ˵Ϲݵ̬׺ͣض񡣡
޽ЯСǰһΪ˵֮£Ϊݾߣֻί˲һҡյţǸ
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лZ͹ĸ࣬ҪϣضлZǰǿ֪ġ
лһ˵ҶȻѩ׵ȴ֮ɫӯӯЦǰϣĸ
ĺɤҲزסȣϧҲûϱĻˡһᣬ¡
ֱл֮ҲûплZһۣʼվĬֳһӰ
֮ԩվһļһ̣治ѣҹЯãҲ֪ΪʲôһξܾڳΪٵ󣬷ǳʶȤԼ˳
˵Ϊһ׮¶ϳʣǺ¡
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顱һ࣬лZа̲յڵأѣˮ˶
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۶ӣȥȡҩηڵȴҡļŭӹȴҲºͣźọ̃ȥѰЩҩ
н˵ĿˣҩҩİֱһֱĬְֳͻȻڣ
硣
Ѱһ㻽ı֣ģֱ΢̧۾Щ죬ˡҲǻǲʡ
Ҳƭ㣬ҲƭԼıġȻûнɣ㵽Ϊֹɡ㻹кͰ׵ֳ
˵ļεĻЦһȴ۵ľ
ϵоһգȻлZҲ벻˻ǴԵļͬʱ۵ڸ˺ѵʹ
ӣסѪֹ˿ڣʶһиŲյĵٿĿԣȻ䣬һС
΢Ц׮ԭǳ˹Ծ䲻ϹЩҲΪ²˻飬ԹԡҲԸ͹ã֮á
ֻǣǹļ棬Ѿ飬Ҳʡͻɡ
ӻȡһֱڻŵµļ棬ݸʱѪմ˼ϣȴҲ˭ûв
ձ˴˽ΪһĻĻĿѦ˫ĿһȻ˫ʼ紺ۣ־һжڲУǿؽӹˡ

ȱϣûоĵ˰˻˵󣬻ο˼֮кδ㣬Яôظˡ
ƫɫƣҹ紵·ԵҶ죬ֻѻųԳӶҲм֡ҹ衷ؽڣ¶˪塣
ҡεƽȸϣڣŤͷɫڻްеá
һֱܳĬƴӽʱľĬˡҲ֪Ϊʲôʱգȴȱ߱ϥϣްɡ
ޡ
ɫᣬֳסһֻ΢ü壬ü㹴¹봰ͶüӰӣļȴΪ⡣
ûлӦʣл˻飬ģ
ѦﻹŻļ棬ľȻҡͷ
ʵѾˣһղ飬һԼлɣǱһвӡ
ʶ˻飬˫кô٣ΪԼлɶͷҪЮĳŻһЩ
Ƭ̵ľĬ磬һ¡
˵
ֳĻãްֲá
ǲлټޣ磬̷ڸҡ֪磬ϲҪ٣
˵ƽģڿɫУ޷Ȼڻ۶Уʹ֪ģҲΪá
Цԡ
΢̵ָ⣬һһ㸧Ϊɫò԰׵һૣãǸˡ
˿ߴգ͸ǴӣҲһ
ӭѩҹɫȾĿȴƻصǧǸ̻ҹű棬ӳ¸Ἣ֣صǡ
ڣǰ谵ҹɫһһغˡ
Ѧ΢΢һЦͷ§󾱣϶˳ӵһǡ
¹͸룬ˮڴ䲸ڽĴ̡
м汻⣬ǰеĳҹһɨʲôҲʣˡ
л˵
׸룺ߣ̬ȷźõ㣬ֻһ
ЩƽдĶһ㣬Ҳ㵽ͻĵطwww߲̫ˣҪ·ˡ
ǽдģɨǽдģܣҲЃ֮ԣɵҲǽϳ޼ɨǹ˽ʵ̫H˲˵˵³30~ɡ
»ѵ~
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᳡ǿȡ᡿
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һֱԼҪĸ£Ҫͻݡֱӱձ٣Ծ谲Ҳֻһ仰ǴʺҪˡ
һ˪γѣʮ꣬ǰ׻ˡ
ǣǹͻһʺ
Ŵ˺谲սԼĵڣǲȻʺȻȥ
˪ˣֻ߾Ļп˿³ĸ֣Һθɣ
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谲ĸݵ΢ȷѪڵ˻λȴ纮֮ˡ  ֱһ𽫼ɣŸܵİʹ
һȫ˪ͼһ
ټ֮ʱȴ˰óףݽΡɫ˫ڱ˻ЦСŮ......δء
һüмƵޣץű˵½˭  谲ķ·˺ݺȥһ飬ʹô

ú˪ڣշڵлѪһϢ
ۣҧ´ȴ谲ݺĶϱָۣ°ͣ˫𺡣
Զ޵ĻʺܲˣӲ
1.˫C
2.ŮǼܣûʧ䣬ݺָķȫĺˡ
3.ǿȡᣫ᳡׷Ź


35 
³ʱ, лʽύǳʣȥһְ, ˹ڳ¿լ
ӵݽ, ձջ켸λس΢ǰȸͱ򸾣ǽ˼¡
ú, лZҲ̷ع꣬һͶ, е̫̫Ҳÿճ趨ʡ, ֱӱŲ
ָֻ͢յ, лְԭְ֮ع깫, ʽӷⳤʳһǧһж׵ú׮Щҡ͢Ĵ²
ְӾΪ˽˰, ǲ²Ϊ¼ɵ, Ըٽüˣһ, ҲƽϢˡ
챻»صź, ֪ѱǿռԵˣ̾һ, ҲΨȰһǰ
п˱Ǳ°빬нأǡĸŮƶӲΪ˽|ˡ
ѳʧԮ, , ֻ³Ǳ, ˡ
ѾߵĵǣѦɱ˵ǵࡣ֪ĸ뿪ʦлҲ˹꣬˿Ϊǰǰ㱻ֳˡ
Ǻܹ˳ģǰӦãᣬпܡ
֪ǷҲ˶࣬䳰ȷҲˣȴЩеǣʱһ
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ǱҲȥؿš֮ϰżĹƼĵƵ̼Ҳһֻ۱һֻۣۡ
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ܻȢ޵ģʱʲôأãǼùˣ
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һ买òҡۺڳ˭ģ޵ĻԷ𣿡
ĹӦѦסӣ磬Ҵˡˡ
ֺõذͷϣ򶿰˵ӣСʱ򣺡յٲԣöײ磬ǸٸǸ
죬˿յ浹һʱĵ׵ĻЩ
ЦЦغЦһǸˣȻأˡ
գһΪһԶԶģȻʱò׼Ťһ󣬹ſͷţҹҪףٺ£͸һ˯
ҡ񣬾Сʱ
ֻЦһ£ţѵڻҲ´ף굽лı𣿡
ûеġæ⣬ңҺһ˯
Ҳлɡֳŭƺδɢͷһۣ
ȥ
ڨڨɿȴû뿪ǵңĥī
ǡɵֻʣһϣҲ˲еīʴ䡣
ɫһһ˱齱ߣһҧгݵ
Ѧ糺졣
û⡣ĸûԶлҲפأʱԿɷڡ
Ϊ˽̼ա
ҹﻶù˵Ҳδת֪ʹвҲֻһ˳ӡ
ƮɢҹĹˮſ.ֻСèһ̵ָ⣬.ȵϻȦ
磬ˡƽỽĿװ˯
ջ˵ҲֻǺٱˡѾﶪһΣٱ綪ˡ
ļ䷳꣬ȫǰͺҵЩ䲻Ȼʣ
ûɷһɷΣ
ɷ򣿡һ㶣̧Ŀ˵Ҫٸѡô
ɫȻӵģĿڵ˵ǸҪҵġ
Ҳĳֿһ˲ԾԺڡȴѿ֮룬ЦΡ
л˵


36 
պ, ̨گͽʥϹĿ̰£
ΩʼкڵŮ, Ϯ, бʣ£ݿ˱ʢ, λɲΪʺ
ڲԼһԾ˴Ч, ϲ֮£ʱĽҲƽ, Ǽշ˱ЦǺǵ, ԭȵĿ̱Űȥ˴롣
̫䲻׼ʱ䲻࣬Ҳ²ӿѹԼ֮, вϳɻǲǿ, ҲȫȫֶŮ׼
θ¶ϲ, ֻкԼ֪ʥϴεЭ顣
ֻ, һŮ˵δЩ, ԣȴոպá
, ܳĻʺһʵɿĳӣΪѡ

תۼʮĵʱ, ̫Լ֮, ˺ڷ, Լھе
ȵòᣬӻϲԱɱӻAʮˮģӵӵӶڷأھеҲ?Nδ
ŮҲйλѼˣҲ˻ףػʵۼ»顣
Ǻұδ飬֮С
ѡ˻԰СϯһǶʵףż»飬ףͺŮɪͺϡСҲһѾƺˣĸ绳˯ˡ
⺢ӣȻǿЦ֣ͽСʮһȥϢˣиˡ
ָյšһԵ²ߡ
ϯܲƵĳ̫깫ߵѦɣЦŻְҲȥ־һɡ
ʣˡ겻ᣬ̫Цѡ
Ѧ̧ĿȻ깫ڣһȦͶλϵֳƣĿ
֮ǰһģͺǲ졢ΪлҵˡѦ֪֪˲٣Щˣڱֳ
۽΢΢һĿվңңְ֣
Ը˺ʺ³أ࡭
˵ţͷǱһûƼ̧ʱһ˲㵡
ѣһͷεģ˷ǣòʤ̫ͻָˡȥߣɢɢ⡣
׾Ӱ
һΣ־ƣϡͿؾ.ϡ
һףͺӼ»飬Ѧ룬ʲôʸȥףأ
ӣ֪նδķ˯һô
ֻÿɱЦһҲϴȥ
ϯһʱЩĬ
мλǲ֪ͻʵ۵ľģ̵ΪлҾȻվ˴˲죬ǰ֮¶㶼ûпڡ
ں̫ǸͨģͰһЦҲãȥɡ
ֻڲ췼֦ǹڻ԰߰ɣɢɢ⡣
ѦϯӰڳӯɫįۿȥıӰһĲ֪ΣҲģ·ȥ
깫ȥ㣬λͬ겻ӣûпڡ
ȻѦߺһ̣̫ǣæʧһ£ĸдзˡ
̫β֪ǣѦɣһҲֻЦȥɣҪ
۱뿪Զȥĺη˷ڨڨЦ˵ʵǲˡ
Թе»һֻ֪ıǷŮϲﲻޣ˽ڣΨѵ⣺ľưɣʲô죡

԰УѦɲûߵ̫Զ
һͷһ󷢻裬ǾˣѰ˿ɽʯһǰơ
棬֪鲻ѣͷ֦ҲȰֻ
ˣϰϰķ紵Ҳҡҷ涡
Ѧһȹ΢ڷβԾɫĹغԽתǵ÷Ūǰࡣ
ˡ롣
첻ˣ
䲻ʥϵȻֹæ
ʾ£첽߹߼ȻػסϸϯϣҲġ
ûкﰡ
Ѧɻع֪Ӳ˳ưͷϣ΢ҪɻˣҺܸˡ
Ҳأ۷ʡ
һԶ׼ĲãѦɾ˴롣
ɵ̧ͷһ˫Өֱۻ硣
ҲԼͬȢΪʲôϲ
ֳտһ˿ҲûУ鼫Ϊ侲棺ʺΪĻʺ󣬲޵ӡ
ҵĳҵޡҪءŮӣǺҡ
֣صʱѦһ˲Ϊȥ緺ƬƬ
ֺ˵Щʲôأ롣
Ȣ˭ı|һʵ
ϲ˲ǺҶˡǲǣ֮ڶѿŮӣֶһѡ
ʲôӦҲûСЦ룬ȴǰҷ΢ǵЦص٣ҪҪź͸һ𣿡
СʱԼ˵ģҪԶ͸һ𡭡Զڸߡ
⻰ôܵءѩȻֳ飬ȴЩңСʱĻͯ޼ɣ粻˵𡭡Ҹ֪˵ĲǸ˼
ôܵء°ͣһļЦ֮||ãȻ͸Ǻ͸һģӵһ馻
һôһأ
Ѧ΢ա
˴˽ƣΪ⣬ҲֵӣԶ
ְ°̧Цʣ治һ𰡣
㲻һɾͽ͵|ͨ|ˡ
ѵǣ
Ѧһʧ
ƺ鲻δƽĳĬ֮Ҫεģ
ͽѸȥ˵ţһʱҲûɻ䡣
͵ЦԽЦˮɢ
Ⱥķ֦΢΢ۡ
δ˿Ĺ
˵Ȼ塢ֶκ壬Թȴվһ˿ġϣҲֻй㿪ˡ
֮µİʯϣѦȴǱЦĪ̲סЦʲôѽ
ЦԼָ˹ѩ׵ıֻ룬ԭٻ
ɱǰװ˳Ȥˡ
Ѧȴһ㶡
ǰԭǻİ
Цϻµʱûźлɾʱû|һڴ.ڵʱûôֻһЦأ
кܶαľȴΪųһֱѡ˳ڣȴΪһЦ
ۿ̱㱻ɫռݣּߡ
ɫһ첽˽ȥ
ӺᣬҶɳɳҲû߶ãï֮ȴй˽Ƽ𣬷ϣ½²ء
Ӧֹס˽Ų
ءһ˴ɻʣΪʲôأǲϲδĻʺô
ܰɡҿ˵ˣͺǸְˡ֮󣬹ҹƻͨ
ǹҪġһ˷˵ǰŲų£žʹϱˡԼֳǸ|
ɲǱ궼δйɣôǱµĴأһ⹴Ů˰治򵥡
ѽʱˣǿȥɡ
ƺϷ̵Ů͵֪ڴˡߴţܿߡȶҶھ׵ʮ
ѦȴǱҡҡ׹ţһ
ۿ첽ǰ÷ס
ˣԻڡ˰ץֻص
Ѧȴҡҡͷ԰һ˿ѪɫȻαأ˵Ĳô
Уһжҿ⹴ġʵϣҲǣ|˰ˡ
|ݣ۵úݺһ顣üԷƱʲôֺܺ
Ȼ£仰ƺҲû˵ֻõ
˵ԼδǣǸֳʲôԸԼɲԸһ
ң粻ԱŮһЩͲǰ㡣
ûзӦŨĳѩ׵ӳѻɫӰ
ļ䰵飬ȴ罫һԵɽʯϣ
ûɷһô
Σᱡİ߼ϣٵЦʡ
齼ʹĻʱûлش𣬱㱻ΡѦŤԽԽĴȴÿɲҳ롭֣˵ô
ƭٵġȻ޹۾һƲײ飬ٹһЩͻٺõģǻ񣬻Сʱ
Сʱ򡭡
ֻϺѦɲ˺벽һ㱡´չɹ΢̵ɽʯ
ļȴȻԸӣֽǰһƳૻ١
Ҳ֪ôˡףͺɪʼ㲻ʹ죬ǣǷأࡱԴ֮
ҲΪϲңûһ˿һŮ֮顣
ҲΪԸϣҲ޷Ѧļķȷһ
ļ䣬ǸߵŮӣֻ
ҲãҲãԺݡֻôߣŮΪĸ
ϧ̫ˡ
ĺãҲĲɵģź÷Ūл䡣
ļһȳ絶˪ѦɷӦ򢸲ҧȥ
ѦɱȵļӲɽʯ.۴౻˱һ飬ؿҪزס
ͷ౻߬סĴֱָָϻȦ
ۿݱҾҪϵǰͻȻʯ쾪һ£ʲô
ʷۡ
һ㵵ػعȥ
Ѧɱǳʱȫƿ߷ߵߡλʷԾɴڼȵľ֮УȾ࣬Ծڳԣ
£
໹ͬһɫٷ½أĶţޱʩһ֪Ȥ¡
ΨۣԾһ̬֮Ŀɲתµ𾪣ʧŭвԸʵš
۱Ļʢ𣺡ʲô³ܺ
ջع񣬿üĿӹη֮⣬ȴǺܿȻʣʱ£ſǿȹ
ǿȣȻãֻ۾ǿ
ֻ۾ˡĿڲסʧĪҪ˵Ըɹ̩֮֮ɽǲԵȵģԸҲһ⡣Ǳǿʲôأ
˱㣬ףбŮ֮գ
ۼֱҪЦأˣҲ޵˽£뽭кιϵ
۰ۣ޿ҫ㼸䣬Լ˭㲻˰ɣ˭޴СУ޾𱰣
ɲΪӣһһغغ°գû˽һ˵ΪԹ٣ɾǳְ֮𡣡
ңס˷飬ǰֲһԩлϣлϾ飬롣ԭΪԵɣǹ˽顣ȴ빫壬⻪԰ҲҪǿ˵ŮɫʧڣѵʷɫǻǿռãҳģܽǱ֮˽£
£Ϊ˹ǣΪ˲ڳģ뽫ͳȥ
л˵
گϵ


37 
ԴǼ, һڹ澽㶼ߺ, ֡
۶ͻͻ, ֪ԸֱӲӲȥֻµ˾֪, ʹŭɶҲֻǿ£ѵ⣺˵˵Щʲô
빫, ǰ, ڴ֮ǰҪ, ޺͹
£͹ԼΪ, ǳϵؾ
ô롣۲мͳ¾پһ, йع, Ҫš־´ȥ֣Ҳ㲱ϻԴ
, ޷޷ȥ
, ɫЩ͡
ջߣ뾭԰, û뵽ײְ˽ᡣ
£ȥ
Լ̬ȻãҲ֪ʵ۵³Ϊɳ, , һζϰķ, ʷк塣
һֱصлδ鰸ϵ۱ʾȫϡ
һ˶ګګ⣬֨
ŽѵһͨСЩȺū澶ˡǵһ ˸˶ײ£ҲӦõġ
εǣͱµ¾ǰ֪ˣʷ̨ǰЩһģǱ²ãֻµ֪ɾͲˡ
˼ţﴫæعõĲȥײ衣
ؽɶ¶Ũ𣬳ݼ㣬ԱҶĩ֮Чֱ۲žǹаԽЩ
ǻ̫ܽЩҲھԼְȷͲţһԸȺ¾Ͱɱˡ
ֻǽãȴ̫â¶ûôó˵ִˡΪͷۡ
ҪȰȥ
ҹЪʱ˼֮ƽ͵ضõ
Ѧǰ£׵ϵں촽һһţһʣƺһ͡
˵
ԽǳĬԽĪ飬ϾҲŮˣҪȢޣҪȥôҲʼ֮ǰࡣ
õȲӦǰСֿ̧°ͣĴָ촽ڴǸϵҲ֮˿㻬֣ڿ䵴繵Ļȡ
ͷ΢ź촽ָһξߢģ£üۼֵ㱻Ϊʮ֣ʵ˿ˡ
˻𣬱ǿӲ¡ظһ飺Ѧɣ˵
Ѧ̧һֺۣܿ
ȥ
Ůͨͨü죬ȴ˿ı¶룬̽ô
˵˰սߺɾ֮£Ȼλδıʷ塢˵֮࣬ȴҲʼߵˡ
̫ˣһһƤӵ£¶ıܰߣߵµ˳࡭
ȷǸ֮׵Ļᡭֻû뵽ᣬ졣
׷˼ת룬ûӦһβָ们ȥɴר־Դ½
괥ǰĳ.Уһҧ
˻һֽƿЩҧ
Цڱ磿
ǰ̧ͷЩĮȻѡȨôǸ
ѡĺ
Ҳᡣ̫ˣҲãҲã˵ʲô綼ỳұġǻ粻ᡭŴ˵
˼һơЩε΢ ˵ɣβ㡣
һ飬ԥԥؿڣǡԣҲ̫Զǰᵽȥҹ׿ôã粻ڣһẦµġ
ƢˣֿʼϷˡµؿ̳˻üĿ΢ָһһƽƭΪְɣǰ粻ڣôģ
ɼףѰ޹طֽ̧ؿٲ̫Զ
װÿ񰡡
ļЦ
˵ѵĹҲԽԽˡ粻ڻ԰нҪô
ȴҲû𴩣ָմŵһʪ妷˿𿪣ָصĴ£ǾȰᵽȥÿգ㡣
λƫƧٽ԰ľܣҪʱڻ治׷֡
ΪҪǣʱסĹ
֪Ƿ̽ȻǷСʱ򡱣²ǷϣġҲӦ£
ٶġ
Цһ£˵ʲôǰȥϢһһòĻ𣺡ٷ̸硭
Դοһѡ
ûֹ
֪װ̧ԽԽ°ͣЦЦεس
ȲǰƫƫҪ̬Ҫϡ
ƭɡ
ƫƫ
ҹԧ콻ͬߡ
Ũʱߵʶ֯ܽػƶģỨ۽ݽֻ֣һ
ͻȻմûĳˮ˲Ժнըѵİ׹⣬ҽţ˫һӣ뽫ƿ
硭Ժ󣬿޳˶ٲҪ
Ҫҡˡ
ҪøϺ޿ˡ
ֽŤŵһأʲô˾
һըѣһƫݽʪĽǳ˹ȥ
˳ɫӵŽ硣
գѦʱѾϳȥˡ
ϴ̼Ǩûܵһ
࡭Щŵʷ٣ûжô
ɶͷԣЦǺǵӦûа֪˵ʲô
Ѧɺһ㶵ױ̨ǰ£ĵߵĺ
ʲô˼
ǰıӴ˲Ūˣȴһ̬
ʱŵúܣҪ֮⡣񳿵ʵĵǡ
ѵ˻ʺ֮Ҳλ֣߰ɡ
Ѧֻ׹˱Ȼӯϳǵĺ⡣
ܸӣ
ʱѦɰ񹬡
һҹ﹬ⶼɨһ£Ʋ֮ǰ˵ʱӲݴ
ɽϼʣۡ
񻨣
񹬲õؾܰеȥԶϴѦɴ㶵ϣеĲá
һ˯Ľ齣һ֡εľ鰸ϰڷŵĶϪ⡢ܱʣİҡ
ǣĻǽϡ֪ʱϵٻ
һһϸСǰһУ
˵ҪСʱô
֪ΪʲôνСʱȴҲµһĹ¡ֶ˵ǸʱּƫִռŮ֮顣
ҲǻȥҲֻǻȥ˵ôǲġʱգп徻
ֻǣطŹԴС
ǣҪôӳȥأ

ʱʼ±
˵ڲſʼ±ЩˣҲ˵ȥ
ָŹŮ桢ڣĵ±ֱԿ̵̳ͬͼϹ濾󣬷ʳ
̫̫±Ͽɺ̫꣬ǹɫĵ
һǱڹоסδн깫̻÷
һкɫؽʳн֦ѽڣ죬Щ±͸̫̫ǣ˵ҵ⡣
ҾͲȥ߶ˣֶġ
֦ڨڨЦŽӹ
ȥ±Ķ±ʱҲԱߣ벻ʲô
ȥѵ깫ڹչ̫̫󣬾һ±ˡ
±ң깫΢в졣
Ѧɲ죬Ϊ̫̫ĶάӦеڡ
ǡǹģѽڣֻһ⡣
Ǳ°ɡ깫
ߺ˽±пȻһ±﷢
̫̫󿴣Цʣְãƺ̫ϲеء
ǰʱ飬ʹ֪Ϊƣ̫̫Ҳ˺һܾѦ̫ųʹ˹˳
ʱҲֻƳһۣ̫Ϳ
ڹʲôãǺͼŮˣʮϰٸŮһ˵ĳ谮붼ࡣ˵Ϊӡ
Ǿͣɡ̫̫֮ʲô취𣿡
깫һʱûпڡ
Ѧ˵Լ㲻ٺлZžۣҲҪ뿪
λʷִԣհӳĻᡣֻһŮӣڹԱֱץԼҲᱻۣʵǷֺá
֮ȥĶȥлZлZԼأԸȨһʧڳñ»
Լǻİɡ깫롣
Ͼŵ֪꣬͢µĵڶּ;С
ּһǰһҪع鱱ȨĿݣǽ
λεļܿգѾлZյּľˡ
Ѿûʲôʧȥˣô
ô𣿡þûлӦֽ̫̫ŵ׷ʡ
Ҳֶ֪ŮλõףƱǲϣΪҲ֮顣
԰ɡ깫Ц
̫̫ͷ΢ɣ˱á
ָпǺӣҲֿġҲʣ˿ã㲻ְҵ˰ɡ
һеĸġ깫
ʵǺȥۏ˻ˮ
ѦٿҲ޹ϵؾУܸ֮ȫԱµĶ£Ȼòͽǵ¡
һǹĸ£޷ܾġһδı⳯ԱΪִԣԼͬΪŮӣĽ㣬һͬҲûУҲ̫Щˡ
ֻܡһЩˡ

֦뿪ѵ󣬽ҪȡֻʥѦɵ١
֪̫̫Ƕ±΢΢üûΪʲôԼûзݣֻʣ±ûʲôɣ
֦ͷū͵ģӦûʲô⡣
㿴Ƿĥīд֡ǷģЩ𣿡׷ʡ
⡭֦һ
ЦˣһˣЩãҪ޽̡
֦ųصͷûб粵
ǹԼǹŮȻҲˡö֮ؼں֮࣬Ҳùҵᡣ
ȻеʥϷǾйرīֽĵʻ¡Ҫز
뿴طʲô
۲֪ʲôֻΪһû͵±ġ
ϲĶձϾѽڣָԲĲͷҲǺõġ
ǵãʱͰסȱʳҲû±ԡֱĳˡ񡱵Ӵ˲ʲôգһЩʳ
ڣ誶зݣҲˡ
һʱ˵ļʲôζ֪±ǳڿ׺ˣȴҲȻΪ˶е͵üԸ֦
ȥ±
ʱ޶ˡܡ
Цһ£ɤͣȴ¶ȣܰɡҪײǽŻġ
֮ĪѦһŮ˰ҲӲԶ
ô󣬲Լοѧعͷأ
л˵


38 
, ꡣ
ϦƬƬƲб£ᴵŽˡ
ӽԶʹ뱱Ļʱ, лZһձ¡ŵ߽, ˵һͨһǷԸ˼, 첽
ʹ鷿еȺˣ̫̫, ˴Ҳ졣һ㽹˳ز
̫̫ǳʲô𣿡
ֻ̾Ϣһ, Žʹ˾֪ˡ
λڳе깫дġʥϲȨ, ݶگѾڷ·ϣձ㽫
лZ, żһţݺһȭ˰ϡ
֪, ʥϲô׾ͷŹ
ΪʲôлϲûвĻȨô㲻®վ, ҲҳġĻǵضԸ
һҪȨ֮أɱ
ΪʲôأѾõҪ, ֪
лZ, ǹɺһֱӾ­
ﻹһţְ±, ͸̫곤ġʹֵ
˵ţæӹ
һźСС㣬Ҳּմ, ҲǸ, Ǹı깫
ֻ, ֮尾ʹࡣҪ깫֮ӳҴ
ز깫˵ˣԵǰ֮ƣʥƱزŹ㡣ְ֮ҲԸְ뿪ǿ԰ǡ
лZعЩˣ֪Ը
ҲҪ뿪Ҹĸףȥ¿·ϡ
һ֣δûΪ˱ƷԼ˳ضԸлˡ
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ĿţۿַһĨɬ
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ԼΪˣĸҲܱʵ͸ˣ
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պ󣬳͢گڶߪ佫꿤лZΪݱݣǰݶ
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˵ǾҪȴཨǧһ˹ȥǸְƵδվȽŸ
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лZȴƽӹлʹлZּ
ȥתʵ۱£΢һʹ
̻аµʱ䣬ǲȥݡ
ʥǿռӣȨһҲûʲôġ
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ѦԱΪſ鰸ϣĿնؿŰʼܷ
ǰһڻ԰ײϽʷֳһûˣҲƹ
Լǵľٴʷ⣬֮δȥҲδڳϹʹɡ
Ӧ֮Ѧɺһ˲ÿڵвдд壬һֽصѵĻ
Ȼһն޻
ͳȥ±ʯ󺣣ϢиֱԽԽæϤ׼µ׵ĵۺ飬סУһããеĹµ˴š
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ѦȻǺ޷Ӧ
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˼ţľ߽̫;ջ⡣
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һӹŮ֦˽ͷĹһԲԲЦҲʳз򿪺ӽ뺻ƵľջϣСūǳܹĹˣ̫֮Щġ
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˸͸㣬Ҫ˵Ʒġ
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˲ܵӭߣĿƺС
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գ
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Ϊһ̵ĻѦɻ겻ᣬ鰸ǰŴȾϽƵٻ֧þ˼һֱҹĻ١
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Ǹŵʱˣ֦ǷҪˡûθڣ̾˿滺Ӳ壬Ԥϴ
ƫƫʱ˵Žʶһϥ
һƼü΢طòҲ뵽˭ļЦһȴǴ㣬ǰ

Ѧɻعһǰҹ¶ӦΪһûеıģ˳ƵüĿګګ˵ҲôӣһԾŶȴϷˣҡ
ʱˡ
˵ҹ¡
ǰȷӦȲԴΪûҽ飬ҲƵûŪ棬ʶûԹԡ
ҹȴһԼƺȷЩص
ҲûֻǴӦҪŸôһӲӣ
ѦȻֻһŰ͸۵ֲ԰׼֣ԵĿܡ
ֻӶûУ㡣
ȻΪǼ£ҹϴƼԼϵĳĿ⣬ѦʱԼĿġ
ǽˣʹյļ䰵Լ߿Ҳ˳س
±֮Ѧɱ乵ؿƽϢ潿죬
һֱֻṿָ⣬ùüϡ
꣬ҵóȥɽһˣҹϲ
Ƭ̵ĳĬȻڡ
ѦΪ֮һ㶡
˵ʲô
Ҫܵصһ䡰·Сġ֮£ü졣
˴˵Ȼס۲Եһۣ߶ϣЩ飬쳤˫§סӣʣȥɽʲô
ȥ졣鵭һ˲䵭ࡣ
Ѧɲδ
֪ǷҹĻֵࡣпɣֻΪⳡĻҲϵûдޡ
գܲȸͻأúɫɵĻҰ״̥
ϰϰ̹䡣֮ףЩͷҹ֮£Ĳɵػǽ·ųȥлֻ֦
½ȥɽʲôأ
ҹǻӷ裬ʱˣĻ޽ڵĽɽһӷǽڷǼȥʲô
֦Щԥعǽ̫ļգȥɽȥ̫ˡ
̫Ѧ΢΢㯡
ǵȵ۵ĺнɡ
Ʋ֪飬֦Ի󣺡ǰǱµĸ̫ǲ֪ô
ѦɵķӦȴɻ󣺡µĸ̫ô
˶ס
ʱ첽ǰһ̺ϣĪվڷˣǽȥɡ
Ѧɻ⣬ߵҡ֦һ棬ɺ
˵̫⵱ǹ߱µģȵ¸ϻأ̫ѾôԼȫ֪أ
⵽ô£ҺѦڽʡ
վù֪ˣ̾Ϣһµĸȷλ̫̫󡣡
ˣǰһͰ¸ˡ
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ѦɵĺȻ㾾ּе׷ʣǡΪҰ𣿡
ͷйءģȵۡѾΪ˳ˡ
Ѧһֱֱ׹ĵ׺ˮӿ
û׷ʽ̫ôģȴҲ뵽ҲǲĸһΪĸ׵ĲԶȵɱ
ЩףΪʲôԼعʱִԼȣΪʲôӡꡱ֮󣬻ֱ㲻ô
һֱΪԼĲȴԭ̫꣬Ϳǰǳ꣬Ӧǡʱˡ
Ŭػţں纣ļһѰȴôҲ벻ͷʹѡ
æȰ鶼ѾȥˣͲҪˣ񣬲ҲûΪ¹﹫ô
ʱһ׹¡죬̼ҵûľO@졣
عԾбͷ˵òȥˡ
ĸԲԭΪѹʱԵɡ
ԣЩӡı
Ѧɵĺݺһ飬Ϣʹ
ʹ֮ûôѹˡֻǾԼЦԭ֮Ͷˣȴɵɵֱղס
ôЩӱɡ˽ҹҪ뿪ˡ
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Ѧû˯⣬λδʣҲϴ㶵ڴǰ֧ÿײ
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һ˿ϣ
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֪ȻԼʹǣҲ֪Ȥûʣľųȥ
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ڵϹĻ԰УʱȴһðнǶں󣬶ǰӽɽϻصӽɣ첽ǰŵƻȥ
Ҳɡǰѣ񣬴ۡطŻǼѵظں棬ŵԲľO@죬еҼ̱
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ͣڰеǷһۡ
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ϻһЩ
꣬Ӧǲܵġ߰ɣѡ
ԭð·ԹҲʹɢС
󣬲Ŵӵϻʱ㿴Ҫ´ꡣǲģҲڵסһҹ
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Ҳ֪Ǿ仰ƭ
СʱȷҹĻ˳˻´ף
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Сңſհһײˡ
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Ѧӣ˲ݵֲ̧ϵˮ
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39 
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Źǽû߳ԶۼȺ⡣Ѧϳز, ϲ
С˽͹ȥ, ūˡ
λ˼һߵġİ, ǰź˵ġף˺һ·˳磬˳ġ
, һ֪֡Ѧʧ
ЦЦЦģ˿Ƭ֮󣺡ⲻҪ, ֻǸС, żȻܹ˵Ķݣж, Ҳطϡ
ĸףѦɻ, ĸסµ
СֻһЦתйǽҹ, 꽫칬ǽ͸һƹӰĻزߴٵ
߰ɡ
ڰҹֱС
׳䣬ϵ˪Ҳըڲ֮, , յ÷еĽǺ
ľ, Ƶͷأƹȡ
ҹ꣬᲻ҹУ˼ݳ˳ظϸȸѦÿĻƼƷµǵϤӰʱӺݺһ
һЦ
ǧ꣬Ϊ
лɣһֱӴӳУ˽
лZּۿ죬æסڽСĻУǳΣСһЩ
û֣ű˴ʪ͸ӵסǱʲôʧõıˮ˳ˮ¡
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лZ΢΢һЦ߰ɡ
ȥϱߣ
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ڳ֮ڽ֮ӦϱߵҴ
лZûнͣϴҶˮַ봬գ
Ҹ׼ѣȰͷʪ·õҴȥ
Ҳҡ
Ѧŷǹ׹ڲϣ±ˮ׹֮䣬ʹ谵ҲЩ˼Ȧȡ¡
лZĲڣһ̣ȻɣҳȥȡÿЩ
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Ŀ⣬˫΢΢ǣѾǷ𣿡
ޡлZһůĿӣҡˮ𡣵ͷá
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Ѧ£ͬǴ󽻸زõһҴϣʻ룬ϱ
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˶ѻ˸ɾ·ǽеһСϡ
ֻͷʪţҲëһһƵؽʸɣɢڼͷȻɡ
һ󣬴ֻѾ˳ˮţػȥ
ҹ䣬˻һů⡣ӵţѦɾؿɷůȵϣŴ⽥С˵Ȼۣȴ
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߰ɡлZӦΪǶɽȥˣȡһʱ䡣
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뵽ðֻΪԼ⳶ĸѶѡôΪҪΪ¼潣ʱ򣬻ǵֳ
ĸأ𣬻Ҳһ֮ء
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硭
лZʪһ١
΢ǣǿɬεЦڽ΢ͷı̺ᣬӵ˯ȥˡ

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Բ֪ƣţţ¼أճ
ְˡ
ǹ˾δ뵽֮¡
ҹֲָ꣬粽С˭뵽ڴʱ뿪
ӻƢ֮ʣڴ̨ǰʪܵ꼣˹ĳô˳ӣŭԷ̵ĹʣһðѰҡ
ϧʱȥš
ͨλϣѾ·һſŨڵɫ
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ʸոľˡķط
طҡͷر£˺Ĳ֪飬˴˵֤뷼֦Ҳܶϡ
Ͽϲŭ
֪ҪŮȻʲôۡ
ڵͬıǱǽˡ˭أ̫̫󣬻ǻ誣
õĵվѹƭ뱳ѵķŭʣɳȥҲûҵ𣿡

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ھ˵ȥԸţţϲˣϱˮš
ǡطȥ
һҹûϢ
ҹƽСֳֻѽ԰˸׳Ҳκ꣬㼣񣬴峿ͣûκ˿
п˰ҹǿϢһʱȥϳֱ³ʱ֣ڵȵͨͨŸٻĹǽӵϢ
˿زĳź˳ȥ飬һ·鵽ȸϡݾסڸİ˵ҹдֻػϣˮȥˡ
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ŭɶһ˽ǰ¿лլѰˣһϸϣͼпȻɽĶڳ
ȻŴһϢȴ˶֡
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40 
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ӯ
ϵĻʹҲп, 𻨺ĻľȻ涷, ɽٵйɫ
ǰǰ, ˸ĳŸ˺üյ·, ˳ִ˽꾳ڡ
ûǣǾֱɽȥ, Ѧһ޲ȹ, ֻ˸֦ͷڷ, Щƣۡ
żյĸ·еʱ޿̲ǽ, ҪԼߺǵİΣ, ֲԶڳ¿Ĳĸ
лɿοĸ֪ǳӵ, ˡ, Ȼ޷
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41 
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鰸ǰڻϡһһд֣
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нȾϷ¶ŻӰȥտҲ鰸ûɵ뵽ôϲл䣬лһ˳Ҳߵ̫µ

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ǽ̷˾¥ĳ֪ͣķ竡طǰȥʱڻʦķС

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42 
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43 ޣ
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£һھ֣ϾǴʱˡ
ڣһе޻˵ȥйҿס̫ңǽ°ɣ첻ãҲˣ
ڹ£깫
ǣǻʺǱߡ
۷ɼ˳ȥԼ֪ôġֻͬŮΪ󣬿û˵ǽա

ӭĶȸŽ̨ǣ;нᾲ·ߵǧųһ·ϲȥ
ʱɫ裬һڲ֮ϡææسס˺ƺƵʻӭ顣
ʺй
Ѿʱ޽ĻʺйΧԺᣣתŻ͡ԭҲǴеһ˲δ⣬Խʺӭ
סλڶǰӵİŶ
ŵصɴۣʲôҡ
ڼ¾ҪڣǷĽڹϣһ֮
ֽʺ®ϵںδ
ȴҲ޿κΣӲͷƤй֮Уϸ֪˺鱾ĩ
գϾû̫飬ֻҲΪ𣿡
鵱գһ֮鴫ȥĲҵǱµ
һŮӣҲʲôȴ֮Ҳڣ󣬽ȡڳ񣿡
֪һ̡鵭ĮصɣҼ˻뺣ǻʺ󡣱²ڣⳡʽҲüȥ
̫Ǳߣһȥġµĵ֮ʽʱйǱߡӦбõġ
ɣɱµǻڰæ
һʱҲԥ»Ĳȴ򲻸Υ
ֲɺ
ǰֻλɩ̫̫ҲٰɣǲƢΡ
ڼ־ֱ뿪ˣô
оȣ͵һ۵»ʢױҹĵһȴǡöϣʯˮļɢ˿˿
ջߣǻֱ
ҲЩȣȴ˵ȥϷ̫Ҳͬġ
ɣˡ
еִδɩɩһŮӾ˹˿ڣԼһټƽҲԵ̫ˡֻõּ
ֻǡǱߡ֪Ҫء
ͬʱԶ֮Ļ
յİǰյִ˻ڣŽ뾵Ҳ·̡
ҹ^лZ˼ҷɽ¶ޣԳӭʱЩԺؿϵ£ҼǴܾãʲôҪӡ
лZ΢ȴһЦӴӣˣԭإˣб䣬ǨΪա
ʱӿ֮ɫԣԲ𡭡
ӼղԼοʱ˴ɱǵ¡ȴԼ˳Ż֡ѦʮΡ
лZ΢΢һЦû¡
ȹϣ΢΢ɣ١
ѦҲע⵽ȹϵĨĺɫǰҹɫ֮²ԣеĵһղ޿ɶΡ
ңҡˮˢ״Ρ
ȥһһת복С
лZζֳЦˡãûЩٺһҩӦһ ãȥЩ档
ڣѦɿĨҹɫ֮еĺɫֿЦϲ
ûлС
ɱǸò׵֡
ûбõˡ
ǲ㣬ĳ;ӲʣļлZ˳٣ԭյ·̾ղŵʮʮһ峿ŵִ˾
ǳһҲѵл«έݺɶصĺϣľɪ֮⡣
ȴзں֦ҶȾ
ˮӳ㣬£ȼĻ档
Ѧɺϲȼĳȣ˷ֱ۽ɾסһʱô
ɾһںϣֻǲ֪ûɲˡЦ
̫ʱˡ̫ʩ뷶֮ʩ뷶󻷺̫ɾ¡
Ȼ̫ʱж̣Ҳ죬㽫Ժֱʱ
лZҲڻѰһüգδɵĻϣǰʱҲ˵ģЦӦ¡
ںϲԶѰһź޽ķСԺ붯֣һһ罫СԺɨǿܹҹ
ļ˶Ϊ޽СԺæµ䲻㳣סǳҪĻлZܼ޽Сҡ
ûԡͰԼ߿ľĶĥ˼磬ֻΪһطԡ
ûӺʹҲ͵ȡԺϵĺƳɣҲ˼ա
Ѧ䱻ŲҲ߾ܵز뵽ʰ񵾲̴ժʻױΣʱȲȷ֮պǸĻƵսСԺóˡ
գȥ˺򣬽ľݼװһ·
ûϲֻǰճصļƥ첼Ѧɼ򵥲ѣ˼С޷ϣͷһȡ
ҹʣ̡ļ֤°ݹлҸĸڵıƣҹݺݳףв붴
ʶȤȥԺ⣬УȺԡϣĿײֶشȥ
١лZϵ㡭Ӻ𣿡
ףˮ۱齱ߺ뵵ᲨʵĶˡһؿ˹ȥ
ϰǣδ֮ڿڵⶼڴݽҺ䡣ƽȥϵ
Ѧ糺죬ﴺˮ֣⿪¡
ѩƵķʹĿ߾þϣЩɬṴὫ˴ˣŮˮɽѩһһůȵĴ˴ˮ
İ֮ܽӴĸоʵںܺãû裬ûйֺãеֻǺͷϸǡΪһ干ɽĿ
Ũ档
ѦɳʩУü۴Ⱦۼбˣ¶һ񾱳ҵǣһ˫Ͷұһһʵļ̽
˾ͿҪ˴֮ʱȻľҵĽŲǧͬʱ㣬˷СϮżһ󼲿ĽŲлZѣ
ֱҪһ̽ȴ˴ѦߵĶ£Իæʱľűһ߿Զڽ̨֮еȻ⣬ϲڵҹ֮УĿ𺣬Ǳ
֡Ѧ벻ڴʱ֣æ˽У־ݽڲ
ƻһ޴΢Σǽһһƽ˫ĿӳҺͮͮϲ⣬ȴ㶾
١ЦŻڵ½Ťǡ
δһһѪ˵ϡ
л˵


44 
ͻȻ, лZоǿһΣֱС
Ѹ׺, ǿ򶨵ӭӣҹ, ҷδԶӭʧʵڻ֪̿֡ǰΪ£
򸾡
Ц, ĿԽɪɪѦϣһһ䶼˵üΪƽ侲޺͹˵, ʲô£޳ȥ
лZǰĿ㲻壺ǹɷ, Ǳ׿Ӧʡο, Ҳûҹ˼ҵĵЩ棬Ǹº
ɷ򣿡Ц, ·ʲôЦĻ˻Ѿ, , Ҳ׿ӦôѦǹ޵, ĻȻǸʲô, ˵лϹմ, ʵɱ壡
лZҵѺʹϱűɪǽǵãһ
ôô
һȷûĺӣȲغ.
ְʲôأʲô
ӳҵϲ죬Ѫ, ˫Ĺ, һһѦɱƽ
Բͼ, лZڷŭ£
ط۳
ߴ׳Ӧ롣Ťһ
طǶ֣лZУƬ̼ڵأ˫ýʵʵͬ룬дߺޡ
һۣȥǲѪݺ
Ц
գлZһֻ֣ʹڼªǰ£ȥ
лZҵκθȻطĬŽǿ¡
ľһرϣһлZá
кһ˲΢ǽйҹҡѦɿ޵ˮ˲ý̻ޱϣϥǰ֣֣лɰɣ
Ϊ飺ҪʲôԵģˣ
ȴЦһ㻹֪һ֡
ϵԼ˱ѾĲˮҪѹºǹ򳤾ñϮ˪ֶľʹݵߣȴֽˮϤ˵ϡ
ɽĲˮмѦ̻¶ֱϣķ䡣ѦȫһкµҪȴϥйȥһֻ󣺡硭
ţĿһɨҵķ١ѩӨ¶˫ϣϸз֮µĳݺۣһ˵ǷžŨ⡣
ۣ̾ӲѹǹӿڵѪʱǱһƬ
ָ̧ӨӨСʣ
㲻𣿡
㲻˳𣿡
ҹҪð㣬Ϊ˳ҹ˻ر̹Ӹ˯

кݺļ˺ѷεۡȴϤסҡͷġ
ϾҪɻˣǵʱʺţʲôأֻǸйϲҡҲʵڲٹϡ͵͵ˡ
ңλãôءҺлɲݹصķޣҲǸӦʵģΪʲôͻȻͱˡΪʲôҪɢǡ
޵ʵģγϣϥߵӰֻΪܻȡһ˿
ȴЦΪʲô
޴üĿ伫㣡һʼԼ޵ģƾʲô⣿ҪʱɫֺٰãҪ˱һ֮ôõ£
˵ĻϣղҲ׿ô縸δ޵˭˽
һֱ֢ἴڴ˴Ѧһ٣Թڻԩȴɽӿ˳
𡭡ֱȻ£ȴǽл˵˳ҸͲϲ磬ϲлɣҶҪɻˣΪʲôҪո簡
Ҳ֪ƣȴҪ˵˵գѵǸԼôΪʲôҪȫƵҵͷϣ
ɫ༫
Ѧɣһȣӽ΢΢Ť֪˵ʲô𣡡
Ѧɴδ㱩ŭֳɵɪһˡ
ĿһɨҵĴδŶµѩ񼡷ĵѹѾõԹҸȼ겦ڡ
иǱžĻ
Ϊʲôա
ϲлɡ
ϲ硭
Ϊ˭ӣƾʲôϲƾʲô
㡭Գݷݳֵʹޣɫɷ࣬ѣܺã
һѽԵק̤βԡͰߣ
ԼôʲôǾŰɣ
ӽԡͰͰ߲дļͰˮ㵹ȥŮļСѦɲϵţֱ·ǿаȥ
ԡͰһԭֻ˫ϥˮû˼ǰǸ޴УʶʲôѦ踾޽ţ˫˫ߡ
Ů⣬ǵëëꡣתȥ׾ٱֿ߬˫֣һȦһȦ޴ڱ󸲵ϥǿзֿ
ͬȮ޲ӣѦɳһͰڵ¡
ϲд˿Ҳܿ챻˺ȥȴת˹ĿԡûϴҪһ㣬Ƿŭ
ûУĿѣȵϵĿ𣬡ûУ
ֽҳļһۣ΢۽£ǴЦģôԼ°
лҰݹصķʲôӦõģ˵ˣ緽ţ𣿡
һ˲㵣ǻŭⶼ޿κεġѦУļ侹Ҳ֮ЩĿ⡣һ˲תȥЦڶ󣺡ѧᶥˣǲ񻰰
ûϵ⣬ֽʲôأ
ǲ֪ôܣŪŪ˵
ˮĽɢʪ˶˺µĵذ塣
ѦɱѹԡͰıԵ򢱻ȵͰϴ֮ԡͰҲŻҡҡҡ׹
۽ǲ䣬δһ֡Լ˳ȡǹйߵվͰȡϴŵĽá
ʱҲǴֱҪļһ㡣Ѧˮ죬ֱʱ˿ػش𣺡Ϊ͸һңңҸоȺ͸һʱʮĿ֡
۶΢ͣһСգٵӻһĲ쵹ͦӲ
鶯ġ󣬺֪ʶŵ鶯Ϊʲôֳ齡
ʶ£Ѧ˫뿪һֻѲϵʳˮ
ʲô
ǰ۵ſȥιУϵŵĳ˿ɴŮü۾ҲȾϼٵº͡
ǲһ԰ֺʲôأ
ûлӦ˳۽ޣһҵģͬĿĳݺһͬشʹ
Щãȴ˲㣬СһʱΪƭҲ֮еģ粻㡣͸ȥߵ¾Ϳһʹ
ȥʲô˷ӦתĮȻĽ˿ȸѾӣΪʲôֲŹҰ
һЩƵĿϣЩȻشƽ
Ҳҵӣûкáȫ¶ΪҲ޹ء
ΪʲôȻΪԼ˵ģҪԶһʳԡ
ˡ
ѦֻЦ
ΪĬˣֽ¸ϵ޴ֲ֪Ӻδ͸ĳϵϣûУ
δ䣬һ࣬ۡ
һ̲ŷӦʲôЩ߳ŭضѦɣ
кη壬ĮȻһﲻرȥ
ľеȼһҹֱɫʱű
գѦʱȴڴˡ
һĻмҲͥݳ¶ţ̺ļװϣãͷ˼ůĻ̺
۱ǵӳˮ档ˣˮããֻˮ򱱶ȥ
붬ˮѷ˰̲˳Ÿ˶ĸХĶ
̷ɻʩɣ˿Ү۲£ȥԽҡ
۲£ȥԽҡ
ˮ׹ļ䣬ѦļޱߵĲ
µлɷۺϲ룬ˡһУֻϰ޼µ
֪ɵô˸֧䲻ִǸϤˣ
ǻۡ
ѻ˼ɫīɢ濡һֻϡ
ϵľһ㣬ЦŽͣٲ뷺ۺΣɻ⡣
Ѧɱʱ֮亹һ˲˹ǡ
΢΢ЦѧЩ
ȻҪôѰأ
ɿѦУȴޣһ󲻺
ֻǣֻѱˡ
лȴɵɵһ·ɽˮⲻ֪Ȧף
ˣлɡ
ҲɾӰѦɲɽлأôˣ
л˵
̷ɻϵ
ҾˣǾдĳͻôء


45 
־䲻лZ, Щãüˮ棺ô
ؽ, 䡣лZչ, ѵ绹ҪΪϱ
ѦɴŴľˮ֪չաԼҪߣҲϲ, Ҳڸߡ
綯лһëҾ翴
طһֱǺû, ĻеĹɣǱлZˡ۲üвޣ
ڿʼ, ˸, Ҳȥ
δ䣬㳯ˮ, һֻˮ࣬ͷҲδء
ҹеη·һǰ, ۱һ
Ѧɣ
ۼֿס, ʱǻھ
ѩĮȻ, §ڻһ˿Ҳû, Ӳˡ
ǰ£ҲвԵĵط, ٵǸ
ӽ֮ţͻš᲻̣ȡԸ̬, 𣿡
λεвѦļЦ, , ȴ̧ôϻˣ绹׷ɱǡ
׷ɱ㣿ôãЦȻ𻸺ġǴԺ﷢˴򶷵ĺۼ֪˻ˮ㣬Ҳɫ룬Ǹˣ޴ߣߵذأ
ҹһĻĻͻͻһֻǡ
֮ǰأطǣȻȥ¡ľⶼƽأֲڣҲܿҲ̫̽ܵĶ
ɫ࣬Ѧȴס
ûƭıҪѵ˵֮⣬б˴ɱ
ΪʣƫƫֻлɣǶһˡ
ѵǳɱ˹Ϊ֮Ϊľ֣
ˣ
ͷֻԺгһ˲㱻ˡĶ²٣βһû֮еεıҪ
ҹ䣬˻
֪ݰ٣سϻ̳Ͽ֣Գʮｫӭ˲һµй֮С
Ѧɲסڵķ䣬Ǳ͵˱һ޵ȥӿʱһ˱ڷУ͸ŴѾ
ҹĻ٣鳲˵ѬȺġѦɾԼҲһֻ񣬱ڻĽУЩ
ҹﻸۻʱǰڷʳϵҲûжھ̨ǰȹβһʢľʵĵذϣֱͦɢů޵Ĺԡ
۲һմЩߵȥӵס
ôԷ
Ҳ˵΢΢ƫͷܹ
ۿžɫĮȻŮЦˣ㲻䵹Ӧöˡ
ָ򢣬ְת˵ΣΡĴãȡԸ̬ȡ
Ѧͷ֮С
ӣԿǵôķӣأѵҪǰһ㡢ֹΪūϥȥ
Ȱһܡ֪ѦɺȻƿԾǲԣһҪôô
ͻķ⧲ƵڵأȻؿһƬš
ѦҲ֪ԼЩȴҲûеǸȥԡϴԡˡ
۾һȭ޻ԭеŭɢ
մһƣٵաٵڣǵˡ
ǸлһˡƫƫͶǸΣҲǷһҪƵù
²Ϊ
ԡ˻һϣ·һ㣬ڻ䣬༫ԡ
ͻͣ©ˮѦϱʵ˯⡣
䲻ͷƮ䵭һҪҪ
ѦɻعӱȥȾˣҲϲ
ҹѲӻ磬ȷ˰뱭
ǻɽƣζˣϸ֮µȷдһ˿ľ⡣
ûֻڵѻޣԺͲȡ
ļȴЩꡣ
ŴӾеϢûܿס̫ңǰѻˡ
ԭϾһʼͬŮΪ󣬺̰ҲãΪҲãڳܹһλøμԭҲûʲô
֪أҹѦǾ䡰ʲôһֱڶƲɢð
Ī뵽ǰִĹ˳ΪŮĴڣϹһЩȫȫߣǣΪڻҲǲɡ
ڣƫƫѻ°ˡ
һķҡԽת
ȻǾȻǣȻѩƵءһûżᱡֱȫϡ
ӳնۣģһһˮʶɢǰѦһૣ١á
Ҫ뿪ҡ
⣬㣬ˮ
յĳ;.¼ȱϣܿ˳˯
Ѧû˯⣬ŵöߺƽŲǽǰĽʵֱۣ齡
ߣֳֻоġȻŴգҲ޴ȥֻߵ򰸱ߣ΢𷢴
žҡҷ΢֪˶ãһҲҪ΢Ϩڵʱ齱ߺȻһ߽ľԭ˯ֳȻ
١١ʰֻ̾ţ֪μʲô
ѦĪһͣӦһڡ
תԭ޽˫ĿƼʱȻһ첽˹ס
ԭû¡૵˵ҵĴ|Ϣںƽ
úܿ죬ѦɱڻУԼһ޹ĵľ
ѦЩ£ǡμ˲ô
ΪʲôǺ
ûд𰸡ʱƽǼഥǾñطƵ΢Ц̾ϢŵþôһֻŸ硣
ѦļеİʱɢĮȻƿۣѾˡ
ǰĳ˿ȥԸô֪᲻ܵЦЦ˵
Ѧɲƿ߻齱ȥۿ˿ΪıӰЦ⽥ȥ
û֪ΪǼļ尾ĨͶĺ¼ҹҹΣѾµõҲˡ
ǰһ㲽ƣܹ黹ӵġԣΪѱǲӦöºһЩ

ͬ޹еĽʴůй֮һȴ塣طŶʱǸߴ׳Ƿϵرϥڴǣϰڷݷˣһδ
ü΢ȵķ߹ȥյ£¶ԲסҲǷ£л
ձǱǿ˳ȥлZüľȻһۣҲûΪʲô𣿡
ط½ͷ߽һ仰ΣΣԣ±ضԸǷϵģ
ôˣлZʧ
ûôط֪ζԶڳ¿ĸĸҲûΪѡΪ֮ҪµһƬġ
󣬷ط뿪ڣлZȻ˫Ŀݺһȭǽϡ
ҪΪ֮
ǿռӣȴҪΪ֮
ҹһĻĻлZļʱӿ֮С²ٱҵˡǿռٵʱͱľ֮ϣ˰ҹ
ȴʲôҲˣ
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лZ̾ۿͨ졣
մ£űͽȷ̻Ŵ֮⣬طĿ뷹󣬰̾뿪
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ʮպӳݷ˽µĵһּ⼴ǣϻԼϣͻʮΪ
ΣǨ佫꿤лZΪʹǰ
Ϣһھ˾κˡ
л˵
Ҹ43£ΪԼúСʺӦҲûɶҪԣȻԼҲеӦˣΪ43һɶݱڻڵȽ


46 
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گǼ뾩ʮйаģٶǰйݡ𼱻ǵ빬, ҵסĺ顣
Ѿ, Ƕϣ΢΢
ҲǸȻ޴ģߴ٣ɩ, տô졣
, е;УͻȻ뿪, סҡ
ʱûֲ, Ҫּ£౻ɩ˻ȥ, Ѱ̫Ҫ󣬰ʽ
ֻ֪, ҲŵȻֻٸ, 뵽־ֱӽɩ͸Ҫȥй, Ȼմŭ
ҲûлӦ, ڵⲽ˵仰ѽСտȫӻɩ, ôأ
һҡͷһŵģ
뵽ˣԻ۵ԸȻͬŽʽɡ
Ҳȷڶ, ҵ, һ𡣱Ͼö֮ӻ, ȺˣдȡԻʺӻеá
Ǹ߹Ҳû뵽۾ȻһҲҪ
ŮսʤǹɶԾȨܵľ£һվҲּ
ȫѸҪĻʺֻӭң
գӱޣȥʮй
أ
ףĵŪбյ
սսڵϣ
һжǳܵĴǳܵһʱͿУ»ɩʧ棬Ŷʽ
ʲôɩȻˣݵóɵĻ飬ȻȢް͸㣬ѵȫ𣿡
˵¥װɵô꣬㻹Լװɸˣ
ЦĿ̲£Ŵ졣ȴһɲζȵͷ
Ȼʲô֪
ɡվЦ֮ǰò֣ξͲ׷ʧְȢģ㲻ø𰡡
һ㺮綾ڱšؽּǡּܽ
߳ʣֿŹǵķ
֮ǰúݼӢһǸñԲĬŮΪ
Ҿھʱּͱˡ
գǡ
۽Ⱥֱ̫ӵּ⡣
һ佫꿤лZչչӣ׹֮ͼ۾޿⡣ڳ¿лչѫΪʹǰ
ʮŮּ񣬹ɴ䣬۾ϣŪȺǨΪ丸кڷٺ£Ǩһְ
ȺȻһû뵽ǰĹ׹ֻһ˽־磬¾λְ۰ˣϧ鵱ҲҪѰˣǻ֮ѵһ
ǣλ׼ʺ˴󵨣ҿּ񡣱Ͼٵ뿪ǱŮɵʾȫȻˣμҿּ
ּ֮ɴСǱ²ƽҲͰˣ˵ľ嶼ס
ŮɻʺΪǶһݵĶ¡ǺŮԼĪ±ƹϧǸԵӣҲ˿˲
ڳ棬߷ѵ޲ܵͥ
ּϳܽ޷Ա£ʵ
һμңұ¡

еķӦдڿɿ֮״̬ص̫
һҪǱԸ𣿡еʵȫҪĻʺΪҺδ棡
۵Įɨλصĵĸһۡ
Ҫһһ˵üΪԼҪּ񡣡
˵ʺ֮λںϣֻ³ӺѣƫҪˣĸöӵĶأ
ǻΪ㣡̫޿صҪȥѰְĸûţĸҲܸˡΪʲô粻ߣƫƫʱߣҲΪŻʼҵ밡
档żʲôЦЦ϶ǻһʲôԣĸ׾ۣ˾Ƴ֡ģӦϰ˲ǡ֮£ӽֻôڣʲôأ
˵ˣּôֻǴҲ˻ʺպʲôֻҪɽ𢶼Ҫֺϰɣǿ
̫˵һ죬ԭҪʤִɢȻ
˵һǧһ򣬻ΪְһͻͷҪʮλ𡣡
ҲͺĸŮ塣ģɷϣ棬ŮģҲĶӣϵҫ
ѦɣüǸλá
⵹Ӧ̫ԡֱãǱлˡ
ҲǹŮȴӵķ绨ѩ£ӵлZл䡣Ϊ˴󣬸ǲԶӡ
˵£Ǿ벻Ҫҽɵƹġ
ʺλãڵѦɻʡ
֪ͺá̫Ȼĸ׻Ϊ㱻ɫͷԣףҲûˡ
ţΪ޵ȵۣҲûзĸңȥǿռ|Ϊ󣡡
ʺ󵱵ʲô˼ء롣
ĸĳɫ磬ĸ׻ЩȥϢɡӳؾæˡԶˡ
ҹұǨ
ѽۡһ£˺װ㣬ǲְവ򣬸ĺϲ졣
ԼҲϲݳǰӭˣȻʱȣҲǸһӭ֮ȫ档
΢ҡҷ߽ϲЩȵؿϲĮȻŵ¸
δ棬һֻϥϣеӳź⣬Ľδš
ɩɩػ
ȥ˯Ҳ̧˵
ӦҪȥȴסˣЩӿµô
֪ԼЩΣϵӦúȻܲðɩɩ
Լѱʲôɩɩͷ΢գתһ룬˶ŻˣҲûֹֻ
ȥɣԺҸలɡû²ҡ
УҲϲ˶࣬ԺЩԼŰ졣
ⱾǽýЩ檹棬뻸ԹӦŶվͰǶǲɢˣǴɩɩ
㡣ұһɩɩЩԺ󻹵úӴżһ֬ζҲǶĵģʶҲûֻͣˣ߰ɡ
Υģ뿪ŇֵǰϣļõɬϱǷ塣

Լ
һڵġ
뻢ıƤ˻ģҲð£Ψһһεĺģ̽Ϊ֡
٣Ӳֻһ˭һҪʺġ

ӶԺŮĴ׵ҴЩԷȥΪӱŮΪֻ俹ּڴʱֱʧȥѰǺѪԵϵְͱ׼ʺҲò˵Щ롣
ԴˣѦɱȴв֪ġֱ񹬣ͨӭľͷѵ
ΪˡѦɵߺ󣬻ʡûΪǰɣ
ľҡͷ˵ƽͺãҺ춼
ͷ̧ɨ붬ɪĹͥԺǽϵٻѾ䣬½Ｘֻȸ޾ɵܸϣͷʱӿϱ֮С
Ҫˡ
Ҳһӡ
ֳ֦ɷĴãǱ˽ݣ˵ʹʵʲݿ︺֯ʿĹٶıȻȥԶû֮ǡ
ôǻټĻ
ļɬӿѦᴹףס˼ۿˮ
գŮٹҪ档
ҪѧЩѦɲ⡣
ֲƹܹз͵Ů٣󹬡˽ʲô
ŮٹŰ¹ٲ֪¹ֻǷ빫Щ
ѦΣֻѧһʱϢһӺŮǰ˵Ƿǰǡ
ȻѧȻȻ顣ײһڡһѦɶڵѧϰγ̡
֦ѧЩʲô
ŮϤߺĺƻ裬Ѧң̲סʷ֦
֦ŰϰԥƬ̵˵½Ρμʮûлʺˣء
ûлʺˣ
ܣ
̶̵仰ھףѦԺһ
Ҫȥʧص
ʲôȴһֽ߽һ˿ҷ󣬡Ҹ£
֦£Ѧɲ϶е׷ʣ֦˵Ѻμҽǲģ
ȥ
лġ
ͷ΢գҲûǰôˣ
أǸŮӣĶ鰡
һʣԽãȴ̳һ˿΢Ц£˵ⲻΪ𣿡
㲻˵ʲôǺãûˣֻҡ
ܸ˰ɡգ΢΢Ŀע飬ķӦ
ֻо㵣˫ĿȻðΣᴽ³һ仰Ƿ𣿡
֮˶Ϸҹϴŵϲ֮ʱûôӦֱ뾩Щ꣬ʱ׽лɡ
⣬˾Ϊ
ң˵Ǿ仰ǵʱȲΪԼѣȴԴΪɽμҽҲߡҲɱʣȴҶǲ֪ҪԺμҺ̫ˡ
Ŀ⾪м̶̼֮仰㱻Ǻأɫࡣ
뵽ЩͶĻΣӲԼã
ԸҲ𣿡
ҡͷҵԸأ˵ҲڸߣȷǣⲢҪԭ򰡡
ҪԭҲϲ簡ҲϲңΪʲôҪװӡ˺Ůء
ؿüĿлɲǼ両Ӱ
һֱ벻ͨıˡ
˵ǱΪʲôҪװЩ⡣˵ϲΪʲôҪ
οðһִģôĶء
ڣ˺μҽ㣬ѧŹǣʵڲҪʲôˡ
ѵѵ˵
Ѧ΢·ʶʲô㵵ؿǰǿŭˣӾһվ
ڼޡ
۽ϵľУݡ
ɫ˵öԡ
ôϲء˵ŶѣѵٵˣЦЦ˵
л˵


47 
⻰ǳ, Ѧȴֽٺң۽, ͷ
ȴԽԽ
龫ǵΪ, Сչĸܣôľǵ, ǲǷˡаõӡ
ռһ˿㡣
ĵͷһûҹ, һˡ
գŮһζ
γǰһһ, ѧ⻹йǡѦѧ, ûΪɹŮ٣ҹڶʱظ
, Ҳѧ
۽ڰ齱£ˮ
Ϊʲôʡ
Щ, Ӧѧ, Ҳѧ
νǿ侲ȴż˿Ц֮, ЦŷʣӦѧģ
, Ұ꣬, 㶼ѧЩʲôأѧֻпɣеģ˹լı¡ĻֶΣ㶼ѧʵǱл˰
мб, Ѧĵ΢΢𣺡ΪʲôҪѧЩ, ΪʲôҪ˱
ֲլ, ڸĸԻҡǸҵĻһ˵İˣȴҪĸҡ
һˡ
ĵЦ򳰷Ҳʲôûѧ٣ѧ˶졣
һŨŨĺ⡣ѦЩòĸвսʤĵ׵ŭôֻǵã˭ҲԸҪңҲܹҡĸҴȥлңҵԹ˼갲ӡ粻˵
ŶüЦڹң㣿
ҡ΢΢ΪȷĹΪʲô粻Ҫˣڡ
΢ЦеЦ⵭úƶ֦ͷǵı˪
٣㲻ԼЩ°ɣ̾ϢصΪʲôҪ㣬һҲû𣿡
ˣĸЩ£ô㶼Ӧõġ
ĸ¡
Ѧ΢΢ӿ죬ѯʵؿ֮ǰǰңңҲΪλ̫𣿡
ԭ֪һΪ㶼ءֻϧ㲢ĸʶʱ񰡡֪ôǸ϶Щڹдţ˵˶ġ
Ҫѧ𣿡Цζ΢΢ָ°͡
ЦѦɺëֵ˺벽Ӱվ
ϵЦֵ
գһ뿪ˡͽѦһ㶵ţʧڵͦαֱӰ˼
֪Ϊʲô
Щõĳıֽѡʵûа취󣬴Сദֳ˼ǱҲ׽ܵöࡣ

նòᣬ񹬳ۿŵɫȥ깫
ھӻ誰ѳòҲʱȥǼˡ
Ӽ˶ԷڼǣŮΪ£ô
˵Ϊ˲ƽΪ޿̱ѶҲôΪô
˿żɽ깫ԥһ̲ŵǱµļ£檲ԡ
޷Ǽ£Ҳ޵ļˣ˵ǡʣƺ⡣
檾Ͷˡ깫ӲͷƤ˵檲Ϊ¶ԺμҵĴк⣬úŮΪΪһ棬Ƶ
ֻǡ΢ԥ˵ȥԽ̶¼䣬лţִѹ˺ϡҵͳʿ壬檶ΪۣٲҲ¿ԻһָΪº͵ķʽ
ȻЩǱģһдѹ½ϣ깫û˵
üҲǲ֮
ɽʿ̻꣬лıʿҲѳ롣³֮͢У֮ǵˣ޲Դѹֻ¹˶ã⻸ֻ͢ǰǰ㡮¡ľˡʱȨ䣬ҵҲ½ѵԸ⿴ľ𣿡
˵̱ѶҲã۸ڶҲãȷûôЩʿ½ﲢޱȨеֻڳԭӴѱֹĹϵлбȨŷԼ뷴Ҳᷴ
®ϣһΪŮȹʿ壬ǲΪ塣
㽭ʿ嶼ԹҲдŷá
ҪģһǴڲ߽Щٹ̵ʿ壬Ϊ͢ѪҺȥϡǡ
ĹйԱĹɣ༫ŵĹԱ֮⣬Ҵ塣Ⲣǳ͢ѡЩռ̫Ƹ˲ԷǺſɱȡ
ǾֻСΪشӺȡʿˡ
깫˵˽ҹʵ⣺
̨һּ⣬֮壬䲼֯ԹӢţΨƷ֮ʿ˿ɲμӡΪΣ
깫˲⣺úˣ
⡭ҲǲɡЩʿܸķųеȨ
͵ػŰ찡۵ЦˣǲҪλôǣһƷеȴʵȨְλɺ˻ֱ֮Ρ
깫⣺ȥ졣
صͷ£ֻ˵аڷŵĻɽͼɴ磬Ŀ֮С
佫ִҪľʵ֣ŴѹʿĶ磬ÿԷˡ
ֻǺ˵վޣǱдʿáʱ䣬ȥ뱱ݸ̫ԶȲ籱ʿ壬Ҳڳ͢Ա߾ĿơΪƣǨҲˡ

½լԺ
һڳϣ˫˫㱻нֳմˮĳޣ䱳
޻ĻһԵ˶ʮޣ£ԳϷ𣬽ңĬ졢ɺŮ崲.ϡ
齱˸ˣޣüĿǽ̷˾ͷƻʦ롣
̾Ϣһ԰ȡ״ҩƿҩ
мգʵ̷ʣޡ
ʮǰ˻ˣʧܣ½δɱȴÿձʮޡٺõĴҩҲ޼¡Ǿ˻δϣֵӳµ˿ڡ޺۰߰ߵıϣȻƼ׹ǡ
ա͵͵ص΢ֻһϢȮ
ǰѶԱµŭȫתͷˡʦһĶڴѹʿ壬лˣˣˡΪ½ӵܲġ
ԲŻɱлZķӣְԸ¡
ְ
ҩĶ΢΢һͣȥִɼ˰ɣô
ֲɱôƵص
ΪлZõıأ
˶٣ֲʣˡǰʲô˰ǡżһ𡣡
ʲôˣʦҲƱס΢΢һ˲һЦ֮Ůˣ͵Ǳɡ
Һܿͻټġ૵˵
л˵
Ϊ趨ԱȽϿ˴ľߣĶС
һ¾ȣ~


48 
˺İ¼, ѦɶڣȸֳŮѧϰĿγ̡
Ļִ, ѧһͨʶγ֮, ļſʼձǿҵĵִʮȻ޽չŮٸС
ڽ֮͢Ҳ̫ƽ, Ͼ˼̨ˡگɳ֯͢ѡκ˲ƿʿǳ, Ϊ˾ٻʹǺȴǿѹȥ֮˴οŸƿĹְƷ, һҲ͸ɢˡ
Ҳ½Ϊ, ΪЩְȻƷȴڸҪţǱҪŽʿеְȨ, ټ֮ǰ֣´ѹʿʮԡ
ϧޱȨ, ҲֻԴС

ĹΣ
³ص, ۿűŮļΣЩͷ۵žѨ
ʫһп, ϾлҲǴ, ܷѧȻʣµģƩ繬湬, ƩǣһҲûд
ѧãǸѧ
ǰ⣬ȴ̬⡣
ɫڳ, 佫Ǽᶼϣȥ񹬡
ʮһ, Ϻڵ˵, һ紺
۽ŵʱ鰸ϣԱΪֻ˼Ŀն¹ŵĽ˿
ӿϦԴӿ룬İ߲յ͸һ㣬Ů
۲΢֮ԭȵŭȻɢ롣
Ĭ߹ȥùϵı̺ǰϣڿʲô
֪δͷǶ죬Ӧ÷ǣǵϷȥ
ˣ˫ס˫磬ͬü̫ӣǳȥǻ
Ϊص̫η衣Լ͸ɽ֮УǨ㣬ΪǵؽȦΪȣ֪ϵ;УǶֺγǽѡ
⻰ʮֵĲ۲ϲҲûо̸ʣΪʲôѧ
ԭѾ˵ˣҲ֪Ѧ֧ɫĮȻ
úѧѵõĺ֮ȴǲݾܾȹʱҽӲǻ㡣
˵Ѧ˷ݼŮòһıŮһ䣬ص˫ԶʤѰӡ械ɣܹһѪ㣬Ͳ˼ˡ
ҲҪδıĴӲýвѦԷֻ΢΢ɺ羹ýҼˡ
û⻰еķ̣΢ЦǵüˣȻôӲŮأ
Ů
ѦļӿЩõԤУӭиףΪʲôҪϴӲΪʲô
ʲôʱְŮʿҪ㻻ݣƩ磬˷ݴʷѦмСɢĵŮѦ𽣬Σ
Щµ⣬ʱȦҲҪ
Լ֣ΪʲôҪһ֡ѦɣҲҪ֣
ң֮ʮԡҲЩͷںϣϣ
Ϊʲô֣պлϽĻԼûϹ뺣ǻˣȢ𣿻˵һ޷ֵغ͸һ𣿡
Ȣ
Ѧֻ⻰ʮֿ¡
ǰֳܾΪ˱гһˣܹлߵġ
ôҲ뵽ȻȢҲѲˡ
֪âڱ뵽֣ʧأΪʲôҪзݣɷлҵĸˣҲҪ֣
ҸǷ𣬾ûѪԵϵҲϵã㲻ң
֮ķӦȵʱҡֻĪƵ˰ѻ
Ѧɣ֪ô
վ֮ϣ˵㲻޷֣ȫΪ㿼ǣɫ伫
ֻǿޣ۶ģϵּ
شʹⲻֻŮѧϰǣѾ˼㻻Դ御㻹
˵ˣֽʲôأ֣ʲôһ˵ʲôֻáĪǣڷºٻã룬δǵĺأѵҪһͱĸ|׵
ǡ
ӡ
|ס
ÿֶѦޱȣÿ˵һ֣еľ͸һ֣󣬸˺벽ӣ۾ؿƬ̣ۣ˶ġ
㵵齩ϣͷײӣֱ졣
ûֱ뿪̤벽ʨıŭڶ󣺡Ѧɣ𣿡
ɫɷࡣ
ԼȫȻΪǣǵ飬ģ
˲ֲʶô֮ˡ
ǰ˳ŻлZʶطáȻȴһٶΪðսĵߡ
񣬾֡
߬÷·顣ü뵲ɢ
Ǹ
!
źͨͨ˫ĿῴĿо˻һУزࡣ
һ˦ﳤȥ
ǹʹһƫǱƵϡѦģؿĨƵӰʧڵ⡣
֪ˡ
ɣˣҲԸȫǱ񣬶ǶҪȢ
ΪһֱǸ۰ֳˣǰһֻİˡ
ڣȴƫҪֳûֻǳױˣһ֮Ĺ

չԼĪ볯ӣղ
Ǻ޲ÿնԻصһҲûⲻò˵Ǽϡ¡
Ӧ֮Ѧɵ鵹תٵִɹŮ٣ҲʼѧϰϾлѧһЩûġִǺɻ£ѧϰ
֮һμ񹬣Ӹһ᣺ѡɡ
ѦɽӹһЩʿŮӵĻӣдÿ˵ᡢ֡ĸ壬һ˳͵¡
ѦΪǸѡִشüĿȥԼӣΪʲôҪѡ
˭˵ҵӣڰ£༥ͬʱ˯ôŮˣҿࡣٲ͹ô
Զĩ䣬üۼ仹мϻǸ˭
΢ЦǸлѡ飬ҶԲס͸һޣ檣ܹ˰ɣˣԵƵ
㡭ѦͻȻǺ졪ȴǱġһлֽ׷ȫϡ
۲δֻ䵭˵㲻ϲǾƣһŮˣ᲻Цɡİж桢
Ƿӣ
Ѧּ̲סΪ粵лɲģĪΪӶǻɫ֮ͽô
ô
۵ֻг졣޳ָһڻеĻ񣬼
ҲǱлˣ˼˵ʲôţϣУзɱ߱ĸôŰԶᱳأÿлZ˾ӣˣһ޶ûеطޡ
͸߹㣬ʿ֮⣬̿ҲŮ֮⣬ҲŲɵļ겻ɫǰҲʲôǡ
мڱлɣѦˮأ
л˸͵ŮˣҲһǸƵġḺңɫ⡣
㣬ҲȲϡһ䣬һһ˵
Ѧɣ
Ӧһȵŭ
ӣҵزһ£ָֺܿɫתĿη塣
ۿɷɷףĿѵضȻŭ¡
ðЦĿ⼫𺣬㲻뱻лZ޳ȫ㣡
գŭǰһ˴ϡ
ȴ˷طȥȡлZĵǸ
л˵


49 
˵ĵ, ǰʱ̫֮ɱлZ֮Ѱ, һ·͵
طʢѵϻӷʱ, ѳϵ˫θסѡ
Ѧ˫౻޴ϣŮ, Ѳ΢ʣʲô
ʲôɫƽдŵ, ǷŭԤף, ԰ɣ
ΡѦɲ, ˳Ļҵķ, ǸӣкˣǻҸ, Ǹǿвɢǡ
, ӣ
ɫࡣ
ôŸлZ𣿵գΪԼĺʱ, ǰСҩ
յһĻĻ¸Ժ, ŭգҪҧ顣ȴ΢Ц:
԰, أ粻ں
ȻôϲĶú١˵, ȥ
Ƿӣ
Ҫ, Ѧļ, ҲҡΡ
κ˫˫ԱѵʱѾˣŸˮܵһöСӣȻǷϴ
ϳǷشӲѣڴ䣬ˡʱӿۿ
ôɾĶ
ô
һҪ𣿡ʡ
ôҲʮã£һҲˡ
齱£ȷµӣŴöСϻӣȡһϺɫҩ
ˡҩݵѦɴߣݾܾ
Ѧɺ޿Ӧ
ޱǿԣ޴ܸۣ߳ӣ
һεֱ
۴Ϊ۽ڡĿҩ̷۴֮䣬βӦһǰǷӰѵŷ𣿡
ֻзӲһδƭͶײӦ޵ˣȴ̰ͼ˳Ӿһ·ϣ룬ֻҪ΢ʲôҲ׷ˡ
ǻǿǰһļΪҲϲŮˣȻ֣͸
ȴġСУֱ֡ǰĵ˳һ˿Ҳװˡ
ƾʲôء
ƾʲôлZʲôͿԻİĽ飬ΪϡѾ˼Ϊǵδ㣬Ҳ䲻ðãģ
ĵлZǱĵԼСʱ˵ҪԶһȴҪڣ
۶ԣѹļŭ
ƿ£ھ£һһ㲦ѣ֪ӲѦ˫ĿӿΪʲôҪңãôң
ǷɵĵӣһĵӣôŪ
硭֡㲻Ҫң㡭һģ㲻ҪĻġ硭
ò
𡭡ĩδţѰϣ΢ЦҵĺΪ࣬ڽ¼̤Ϊãֱֳ֣Ҷġ
ٶԸһУѵͲ𣿸粻Ͷұˡ
գȻۣ޽г
ļıɢȥ̱ȫռݣ·Ա޴ճĺۡ
Ҷˡۿķᣬġ
٣Ƶİ裬ΰ
ٲúܣлź򣬷ÿ첻Ҳô𣿡
ѦȻһ
ӡӡ
ʲôʲô
ϲֳΪʲô
ݽ.ҧŴʹԼѣȴС
ԭź˫Ŀһ¹齱ؿ͡
˿̲Ϊô޾Ϳޣʹʹ
壬ͬʶҲȫġ
ԭ͸Զ
Ѿϣ΢ĿһѩƵļϣ΢һ֮ͣ󣬾ŵôл䣬ζΣ
ѦɱһԲϲ﻽ѣһ򱶣
ıȽϵģѣ
ֹ̼ǼŮҿãȥɡ㲻˵ܺԸ츣ŮӰǰ£ڻҲ¡
ˣԵøȲǣ
Ѧǲȣ÷ɲģᣡ
ۣΪ˭һʱضܷ.ģҾϲ޺һ򱶣һ򱶣
|ޡҺ㣡㰡

ҵĶȫƽϢʱ޹˸ƣΨˮԴʽ
ʼŮ㻹δɢеȴѳ˯ȥҲ棬ҲǼ٣Ҳ̽顣ӵŮ㷢
ԭȵ޴˿ѳȥֻ˾üȥ֪ԼùδֻǵؽƵļϣ
ְתǵδգҹĺůΪ͵Ĵɸ
濴ӵţʱǰ޼˯ϡ
еŮĳĬ·Ȼ˯ȥ
ȴ֪û˯
ΪϻµӿȫϣҲδֻ߬סϵϺӵֻӵС
ԭ˯Ůʱһ۲Щ齡
ʱȾŭѦɣ
һ˦ϣڼžŭɶ߬סֻϵųӵ֣
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һƻҪæֻ߬䣬ʲôɳʵ˵ϣ¹кĵذϹ๾
Īļһͷ¹ӣȻϵȥĳӶϵˣǿԭִĥֹȥĺʯ˵ϡ
ԭϵһԣлZʯ͸˵ףδɩɩذͷϡ
ʱֻһԱϵϺδȡ£µһھ֮ϵСľݵʱϣҲһƣǾı֮Ҳδȡ¡
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ļӿһƬ¹ຮܾʲô֮ԤףæȥʰһֵôǿôǲϷأ
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ֻվǲ֮Ԥףļ䲻úܣԭȵŭҲ֮ɢ
ҹ޳ʼĬɣᱡɫ޷ҡ
ЩΣѸ侲
Ƶùֻͷ˼ʲô˲ˡҲɱлңлZлҪЮ
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һŵҲûУðΣżһۣôȥΪʲôû
㵱ΪʲôѩΪʲô̫㣿ΪʲôҪ㣿ɵǰҲ㡭ΪʲôϹ۾ޣΪʲô
һ㵣ļʹ˺ѡ
Ƭ̺󣬼žº͵
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ҲˣɱҰһʬˣһʹǸδȥĵܻܵأôأ
ٵĶòãЦ
ѦɲëȻ

һҹ󣬽գ۽񹬡
ÿʮ䵭񣬲𻰣ϵϵĳҲ˿÷顣
ƣȴҲΣÿһΣĹ˼˻
ˣԭʣ޼ĳ׺ľ
ٹ˽ĺ¹Խ˿ǿӲϵϣٽⲻͬʱսɾһӦҡ
ѦɱɣҲȥÿջɷ֦ͷľԱ⣬̽ӡ
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ÿҹֻΪһ¡
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ϾͻǼΣѾһˡ
һ˲䣬Ѧֻжھţļ罭ӿ
۵һ𣬷Ż
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۵ɫʱ細ҹɫ
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л˵
˶еƷ硣
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֮, Ҫһ˳ŮˡʱȻʹͣѼ, Ѱһ֮Ҳԡ
, ߴͦεֶ, ƽ
ʦԼû뵽еʥĻ, ĬƬ̲Ӧǹټˣ檵һжǹټҸ, 檲Ҫʲô, ԸΪЧΪЧ檵ҡ
ֻǡ
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, 㵹塣
ʦ΢΢һЦ, 뱰ܱ
΢΢ףȥɡ
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мһž޴ɴ磬˸Ůӡ
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֮üĿʧѦɡ
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ɫ԰ףβŵ࣬żձѰ¡
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һаɡΪˣ˭ּأ
һʮ֮ǻĹټŮ죬ʮ֮ǱģԸ뼮ġȻֻ˵裬ʵλˣԾܾأµʱ򣬽ǲϵġ㱻ĸͽ̷ʹץŶһ٣ü죬򼸴ΣҲˡ
Ѧиһ㱯˵˻ת˲ֱĮȻأЩвҲϷͰͽ̷𣿡
ͣԳЦ˼Ҳûзһץ䱾ǿ|顣
ΪЦģȴ˵͡
Ϊ¶Թиġ˵Ϊ˹ҲڣֻΪѰһиģΪʲôŽܱءʦȰ
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СֳʱĹŷǿռҪҹļ|ӣһӹ㣡ɱҸ磡Ҹ磡
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ڣΪʲôҪΪʲôҪĻǵֺ޲ùϵҡ
ܻصһҪؽ
֮Ѧˮֳŵϡ
ɹӲӲȥԿֻ㡣ʦ侲ص
ΣѾʲôûˣѵҪù𣿡ѦɵЩʧء
Ϊʲôѧأ
ѦľȻҡ
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һЦ˵ȥˣһߣ˶ǼͷԽãԽϧԽԽ𾢡ڲʹ׶ΰɣ÷֮꣬Ϊʲôء
ˣǹѦɴˮƵӣ૵˵
ϲ̰ͼİͿƾ΢һͣٺֲ䣬Щĸ׵̸ҵġ
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㡭ʶĸף
ʦɫ΢ͷһԭĸᣬȴѦ档
ǡʱĸ׺˯ʱ߳ĸԺĸײҪ֮û˳ˡ
ЩԴѦ侲ʣЩʲô
˵ֻ﹫˵ľ֮ôʦ뷴ʡ
šѦüĿ侲ԣҲ뻳УܰܰæҪҰʲôԡ
ʵûʦ룬̷֪Ϊ˲ùټ˵ӿͻᱸ´ҩʦһҩ
ʦԼĪҲù
ҹˣϴξ֮ѾһˣܼͬзΪСǽȴȱ֣û·ˣ
һʣ𣿡
ʦ¶ɫ΢΢ͷ

ʦʵôƣŮӻеϢϤʶͬŮӳ֢֮״ϸϸ˵
ѦԭȾҽ鿴㲦̣ȫļ䡣
ֱʱ
һƣøһ档ģʩЩСͷôƭùء
ЩΪ飺ҡЩ¡
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ԼԼҿjλ뾩ʦĻԱʱȴ˵ԼԸ뼮
ǡʦҡͷԼ˵ֻǸ۲۵ðƻˡ
һƲҰɡˣΪ˳Ա嶼Գ
ѦĬĬֵ㣬ܺá
գٽʱԼ˿ӻҩ衣
ҩǲġϾǸˣӲжԻᱻ
ʦߺƻ衣Ѧɶ󣬿ƶСĺɫҩ
֪ҩʲôҲвʦ롣Ѿ·ˣһȴһ֣ǸӾɲˡ

Ҳһᱨ

Щӳ˰ɣҲҪҹ͵͵ذˡ
ҿԺ͸һҲԸӡ粻ңҲķˣҲū
һգʦȥ󡢻ݰʱѦɼͻأ˵
ѾŻ񹬣ױ̨ǰī˿䣬ʯȹڵȹϰ˷
΢΢һ㵣ֿ첽߹ȥӵ磺ôôͨˣ
ױеѩ䣺±ȥ̷˾ӿͣ𣿡
۱仰ǺסɫǲȻ١
תĿͻȻ᣺ҵ˿Ҿһһֻ衣
ѵ統ûĵôлɴãȴ˴ңҪܰĴڸأǰǰġ
ҧᣬ۶ģ˰ãûļҲǲãһҪô
ɺЩӣΪĲӲ᣺ˣԺ󲻻ˡ
˵һЩҾͻܺõġ
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ѦҲ˳ͷУ˵ˣ
Ŷ΢ЦʣѲлZٻգ
Ѧɴǰʦһ㲦ž⻰ﴦԽŴ⡣ҲֻļЦϵȥݰҰķء
ʦȻЩĸˡĸʵûжĸ顣
֮еģ΢Ŀ΢΢
Ȼ뵽طġʦڹܹ϶֮£ʦϲ˼Ҳ֪ͬˡʱз֦ȥ

سŵգ泷˹Ĵļӿܣľصߡ
ҹ䰲ޣѦԡص޵һƵĿ־Լϣʱˡ
ͷ齱£۵úܡǸܾ˼
۱ЩãǶĺʱ⣬üû˵ʲôƫʱ毺Ů̧𴺹ƵҪźң𣿡
΢΢һ㵣޵ĺ촽ϣãôر磿
Ѧ˲ȻһŤͷͿ˴ࡣ
ֱŤŤС¼ǵûмŭá͵Цһ顱˱Ͻ˻С
һҹԧ콻ߡ
ûֵǣһҹֶֻǰ¶
գۼϳѦڴһʱתʱһǿҵĶĸкȻϺŻ
л˵


51 
񳿽̵, æǰĵ˳, ѹѯʣҹԻ˶ӣ
ش, һŻЩµæŹϣǶˮ˳, ˺һƽϢٶȽѯʣ
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ǰҹΪǱĵǴ, ǵڶˡ
ѦһҶֱֱ׹ȵסǿʦ̹İ֮, ʳָָһϡ
Բ飬, ɳ߲粿ػ, Ȼ΢ϸ֮, ǿԺŵó
, ǡ
ѦɱǼһ⡣
졣հ׵ľУԼƽù, µĿˮƻû
Ҳۿ
֪һֱ俹ܱ£ʱУȻǲϲġôء
ѦȻ侲Ժ֮, , Ҫκˡ
ľ
ǡɬӦ
Ѧֿȹƽ̹С, ͸ãȻ
ʱ䣬ǻʱ֪ǸҵܶỳУȴû뵽ֻ˿졣
ҲãǲԸġҪǾɱĺӰɡ
ǵģĺӣġ

ѦɴӴ˴¡
ʦͽӻҩȷһʧͬʱ·ӦսǿңǿҲ֦ײΡ
żһΣǴʼ䱻ײɫֵݸθ£ҿɡ
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һƽȡ
²ʧüۼҲ˵㵭İɥȴ̳ЦȥԵʣҸ̫ҽơ
Ѧɵͷ˳˵ãůĻУӣȴ΢΢һ
֪
ʮ³ߣѦɵա
Сǲٴġ۱Сڼͬ﹫˵˲죬Ҳաֻطǰɽݼĸϣĳŵ
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½Ҳ˺
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˴˲죬ѦҲû֦ȥһͺν㡣
ԺңЩġǰռδڣΪȫۡ
˵ദǢ»ձΪǲɢ˼кԺ檣ҲδȥЩ¥ݡǶͶϣҲЩ
һӣ˵ѻɡ
ǰôϲӣΪɽٴҲŨңΪīϲҲͲ⡢סֻΪŶӻ㺡
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ȴĸȡģʱѾȥǲ˵ĸҲ׵أ
ѦɳǶ䴿˶ӣۿʪ
֪ôģҲԭĸס֪ĸ׾ˡ

߳񹬹ŲãԼɽʯڳӰӣŵػɩɩ

ôˣְϲ𣿡ʡ
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˵棬ͻ
һҼ仸ǻɩģðǺ˰ҲһֻõûΪɣ
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λһĻɩ빬˰ۣ˵ɸͼɣҼҪ˵Ժְˣ;Ҳкô
ǵģ;
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˵ʲôҼˡۿɼڴѹʿ壬ؽĳֻʿеȨð켸ƯƯ£û˳µһûԼʿĳ
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ڹϣ˼ţʱҽһֱֱȥۼֿ졢æ˷סСģ
ԭǹϲ֪ӺδĶʯҲˡźҵ
ȴ׻гСƤѥյĳǰȥ
ɶͷԡ
ôãɩ

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̡
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ӳĿն۾Ѧ̾Ϣһôȥģ
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ҲֻΪٲѡƬ̺˵
ʱǰȫȫֺγһЩء
δţֻظҪ硭硭ϲ
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Ȼһ˵СèʲôأҲֻҪҪ
ͲҪҲֻظʲôί
ͷΣססӳǲǵӰӣֱй΢ҡҷʽ顣
أܿܲסֱֱ֫׹ȥֱֳ󣬱ƵھѼ䣬һƬʪ
Ѧ½ѱδк˴ƬƬѩ⡣ĳӰǣ̧ĿеŮһ飺ҪҪ磿
һŭȭϡ
ⷢŭҲʱһģһЦһɲ١
ղ˵ҪźôռǸΪźһء
˵ţԡϴԡص޵ʱµѾҲˡ
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۷ɢɢػ齣ѦɵԽԽɢԭװҲɴֱ֣Գϡ
ʲôֹͨ
δҲƱȻҧ۱ҧϣѦֱڴϣﶼӿϵˮʶŵƣģϷɳһֻë𽣬ǰ
Ƿ
ֻһ仰
ǸطǸطôܡ
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»ҲҪ硣ȻתĿ
Ѧɲдľһ˲ȫˡ
δļһϢʹƬ̣˫ȴӵ⣺硭
⣬ë˲Ǽ׺ŵˮ飬¹ĨЦЦ飺ǲҪ𣿡
ϲҪ磿
Ŀ¶ЩԹͨ죬ͷ
ѦɿģкԶӰǽҧݵߵĺʹ
Сֱֱ׹۵ɫףȴȫѹڻδ˵Ŭ𴽽ǣػ硱һЩ
۽¿ο㣬Ǵñȴ۵ġ
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Ѫɫ޺죬Ůӿˮһ̣һƬհףȻ⻽
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л˵


52 
ҹ, 񹬵ĵƻδϨ𡣹ڵƻͨææµµ, ֪˶ˮ, ŽѪֹס
硭ۡ
ѦɵڴһʱԻᱻ紵ɢͻһ㣬亹ܲ, üۼ䶼ˮĵطˮ֮, ȴ˵ĳ졣
ڳɹˡ
ɱĺӣôһ, Ҳֵã
ĺԹˮ֮, ûܷ̩֡ɽǰݵˣ˿ȴȫǻ, ֽƵذο
ûµģ, ٲµġ
¶һɵЦ, ĵ˻ԡ
һ̥ûסʹȥ, ůҲѩֽĲ԰ס
, һ˫üǳؿ˯еãδĳмմ, նŻںޡ
ҽѰѹˣ˸ӣƬ̲ŵ, ˡϳ졣
Ůӻѳ̥, ǲͬ, ӹ㲻úܺãʵھڣʹ鰮ѸᣬҲҪƲǡ
漰ʼö죬ְҲʵ̫Щ˷˵ԼĺӡҽģҲ̲ס˼䡣
Ҳ֪۰ûڵૡǰЩûѳϲʵڹ˳һֱټҲЩƣһʱԽ
뵽ˡ
뵽ӡõĺӡѪԵϵάϵϢߣ֪Ĵڵʱ򣬾ûˡ
ɱĺӡ
ҽҲ˵ʲôҩȥ鿴ҩˡһ˶齱ߣ˯μ԰ֽգجη·Ϯ֣亮˼㡣
Ѧһֱʱۣӳļųδϴ޷ҵȻһҹδۡ
Сʹǹ׹ʹȴʧˡ֪Ǹûˣദʱݺһ۵ġ
һᣬỽ硭
ˡ΢ϲҪæַ£Ӳãȱ𶯡
ٺʹӦˮһʱˤʱ˽ί磬ٺʹ
ʹѣѹ˵Ǻ÷ŻµıӡѦƫһ˫ͮͮۿʣӣǲûˣ
˺öѪʹǲǾûˡ
ĵѶϲãʱֱӿϵĿɬһͿأղһĵЩ׷ʣۿɬ⣬΢΢Ʋߡ
ѦЦĿȴޱȡ
ǸҪɱǵĺ𣿡ʣΪ϶Һ̺ãԸҪɱǵĺ𣬶𣿡
ٰѾ֪ǲǣ
١΢Ҫ⡣ѦȴѱߵʵӣҲǸĺ𣿣ΪʲôҪɱΪʲôҪôң
˵лɵĺӣҪֲпķʽõô𣡡
˫ֽ߬ǰ½󣬿޵
ּ˵ķʽʵڳ죬ΪʲôҲѹñϲҲԤ֮еǿҡ
ɱһδ֪ʮʱ򡭡Ǹɱ֡
ԶԣϵҲ΢΢
Ϊһȥ˩ס˳ѱҲкѪԵϹͬάϵΪչῴںӵϽл䡣
û뵽һЦĺӣ֪֮ڵʱͱѿķʽɱҲزˡ
˺һսУá
ҽỤ̊ž¶塣һʱӽڻָԭ԰˪ѩҲڼЩֻ˻ģһڴ£ӻ
߽ܿ㾯תĿһ˫۾ÿÿʱ۶ֻÿЦ£ҹ䣬ȵĺŸ˯
جκһϮ뿪ÿҹҪ˯ٽȷںܰ˯¡ȥҲЩ
£סġܹ˺ЩҩѵȴֻгŪˣͣ
۲δŭڹйλһɮҹоȣδδεӤʵ㲻һ
ͬʱѦɵľȴƺܲˡһ鰸߷ܣддһдֵֽȰЦмλҪ߽̾תĿɪţ翴ˮޡ
һ󷢿࣬Ȼ±ƽҲֻ뿪
żһΣ֦ӷֽ¨񵽳ʸֽŴ򿪡
дŵһ֣ŮУΪδĺȡȴһ⣬ȫջ
ԣΪплĺӣǸδͱĸײɱĺӣġ
û뵽ôϲǸӡ
ԭΪȻǲԸģǰԴһµĿҲ˵һ㡣
룬֪ʱӣʱգΪӽҲǲܣȴɱ
˴£ʼĳϦҲò֡壬һӦޣԪᣬ˾㱨꾩̨´׼˺깫ֳᣬҴҹȥ
֮½ѽΪеǰ׼ɺһ飬½ذں
½ָЦЦ
½ԽԽæˣҴ¾賤
ֳˣܲæ
ļ޷ޣΪ֮ǰԼŮ׼ʺΪ¹ڻ
䲻ԣ½Ҳ˼ЦЦֵɳϾǸˣڹ֮ءҿΪ׺˳
ɫõطʣʲô£һ¥ݼ䶷߹Ѱ竰ˡ㱻ǿаְҲǷİ
ǰλȽܵŮӡ󲢲á½ȴ΢ЦҲ
ʿյĿǸдֵģ̨ɽ¶ˮֵµĸύ˴롣
˵治Ļ֮ŸʺǸλá
û˵깫ĸ֮λǾ֮λȴף͸һ˿ߺޡ
½ֵֻǡһű£ֻ»ҪйȰ
ȻͻȻڡ
̫Ѷ壬ҲۿɼĲ®ϡзһλӢλϵŮǰ޺
Ǿô˵ˡ½Ц˵

½ڳŴ븸׷룬Բȥ¥
ʦżԱȾƣѾ߸֪ˣɫ΢ףЦ˼£¥һҡ
У˸ˡ
ѦСѲ˹ϵɡ½ؿżɽص
ɫ΢䣬ָܿ糣߽󣬷һر§סưԹ
˻ɷ羰
жòˣ檻Ϊ˶ءһأʹ¡
ˡһֱֱֻ۵ǰ½̽
ֻȴʱקס½ɫݣ.ˡ
¥еļͺ컨趼һΪҡ
¶ʦ뷴侲ɫ糣ʣģΣ
Ρ½üܰЩȥǣϳʲô
ⶫȥѦɣ취ƭۺ¡Ҿɱ˽
л˵


53 
½ߺ, 뻹ĥŵǷ
£ôҪ½½Ȳؾ߱
Ҳ, ̨λεķȨ, ͽٿĴ
һǿ쵶ӣһӣ, ܲľʹˣһŮȥе߱ĺ, Ҳδ̫
⣬ͷû, Ÿҽ񡣡
֮, ãµ̷Ҳû½, һֱߡ
½ؽҲû, ȫ̸
Ϊ, ع˼ҡҲ͵͵ص˳ĺڽȥ
ʦ̧Ŀ
СӣдŮ˵ֿǲòġҲ֪ҲݸһЦ, ̫ϼ
ʮǰ, ĽżȻ˷оһкӣؼ, Ӵ˴ߡ
ʮǰı֮ﱻųնŮϤ̷, ū;㱻񲻿, ͶԾ, ǡֻ;еũŮʦƼӲǱˮлѣСߵǰ˵ĹٱǰҾǽǴ߰ɡ
ʱգѼǲ̷յ£ΨǵãԳԵһ졣
Ȼ󣬾½أΪҴӦİӡ꣬ĽҲѰ˹½£˽һգӴ˳ΪһѼùĵ
ǰʮôȥˣӹÿ찡
֪Ϊ˽񣬾˽Ϊ½Ч潭ȥ
վǽҲôɵɵ׸
ЦһģҪɱ㣬һòã
ḧգһ·֮ϣ̾Ϣ˵㻹ûΪ˰ɣϧ𣿡
͵̧ͷЦ̵Ŀ⣬ϱͨ죬˲ͷȥ
һ·쵽˲ӸҡͷҲܡ
Ҳǽ񰡣ҲصĻðҡ
һȻ̧Ҳǡ
Ůɺһֵú塣ֻǽִذ񣬹ִΪΪԴѹĵЩҲ׵
˵ҺϲأǳЦֹסϵôûϵģ梽㡭
ҹ޹˵Ǿϲʱȼһ˿⣬ֱֱؿȼҡ
ǽ񶼱˳
ⴺѩ׷ɣӰΣڴɫƣˡ
±֮ʦϴ˺۵壬ָḧʱָڲϧʣ𣿡
ָµ˺ۣϻ½ΪвɱлZʧ̷ܵ˸ǾˣݺᣬѽҲɷΪɲ
ԷϣҡͷѾȥˡ
ֺ߬סҸ֣ʣ𣿡
һ²ŷӦ֮ʣҡҡͷɵСӣͲˡ
ҲôԹ𣿡
ʦĮȻ࣬Ѿܶûˡ
˺õĳĬõʦΪ˯ȥ뽫ʱż͵͵һ벻ࡣ

գ½һݰ¥
ͽµҹ㴫½ضȻǵŮˣŭȴ֪ʣ
ҩأͽȥ𣿡
뵱潫ҩȡڵЬ˸顣
½ɫ񣡡
ڽ̷ֻǴ̽鱨δ˵ɱˡ
ҪҰҩ͸ùɱ£һ·Ҳˡ
һ֮ʮһҲ㱨ˣҲǷʲô£Ҿ
ȻִҪýвңһɡ
Ůƽһ̶ˮӳŭŤΪҲɱǲǣ
ΥΪҲᶯǲǣ
Σ뷴ʣľ仰˲˯أԭһ˾ɷļ˰Ǵұİѵ𣿡
˵Ʒʲô˵£ڴȣýвңΪ.ӵĴף
½ضݱʹһϵŨīƵ͸һ˿⣬Ƿŭǰࡣ
ƫ߹ȥָһ˿ָƳػţ˯ң˯ǡ뱾ˣýвңһԴ̬֮ûýЦ
Դףż˿Ц֮ԣҹӣȼ̻棬Ҳδ̫ƵԼ
ʦ뷴༥˲ԴףԴýвҸʲôҲߴˣҺͽԭûʲôȻ˻ǣҾ˿
ң̲֮˯ңô뻹ʮ֮ǰһͳ
δ䣬ͻȻһת½ǰһѱһۡɽһ½أ
˫ȣȴģ½ƽ۵ǧ꣺㲻ǾǳԴ׽˯ôԿ
գһѽ˴ϡ
⣬ţĵ˰ҹ
еĶһֱҹЪº½ԡľͰУˮֻǰӨʵīָֻΪһȾ֮ˡ
ǿŷ֫ùëʪ䵭³֣

ĳѾϴʮΣǹɶ֮ûȥ
֮ˣΪάҵıϵԼ²д¡գȴŮ˵ļˡ
ʲô
︹̣ޱʪ˲ȥְ
һ÷֮꣬δؾͺ֮ǣԸðգ򣬹СΧͰʱҩɲôͽȥġһ·۵ĻǴôҿܲЩ̣ʱ򣬻۴
ңʦ͹жǱµĵ̣׵֡ʹȻݱҲôƿصġӺβűʱأ
½üתĿһۣ̣
Ǩ֮⣬Լ֮󣬻ǰѲӾɶӪ칬ҡٺʲĻˡ
ΪҪǣ¿ԶлҲԳ¿лϡǡ·ֳ֮ɵģɹ⣿

ʼԪ¾ƽ֮жȹ´̼ãվûٻԶ˷ݵѦиŮԭΪĻݡɻһ£ҲֻҸ¡
ȴ䲼һּ⡪Ԫ³յʱگٹΪ߼ӹһΪһ
̫ʱеĴ⡣گТ塢ȵ֮Ҳðٹһͷˮ
ȵ۹ϵ֪£ЩйѪֶλĴҲδٹôͻȻ䲼һּ⣿
ΨкڵԱ֪ʵ飬ڱЦɫǻ裬ֻҪصȵŮ˴ϵĸơ
齥ѦɶУ˵̫Ӵگ飬ֻǳ
ôŸô
ǲ̫ӣֻһá֡ҲѾûˣĸɱˡ
ǻӿһݣҲΣҲǻںޣϾԼɱһɹĳ֮ǻЩѹ
졣˿ĿնŴлŨѩӻǰհһƬ
ȥ¹һյưɣҪҵĶˡ૵˵
޽ɽ´Զ뾩ʦȥлҲаݷ뵽ģ֮ء
ǡûжȰӦºȥˡ
Ȼ۹Ͼ񹬣ǱµߣǴ¶УɾͲˡ
ߺѦһſ鰸ϣʶֽдд
ǰЩӸӵȡϷϷˣҲЩݽȥűʶдıǼΪⶨġ֡Ѧһ㶣ļȻӿһ޿˵Ŀɬ
ڱЩֺγʯ٣ܾˡ
۱ڴʱѩſ鰸ϣ߹ȥɤ͵ʣڿʲô
ǿ˴С䡣۶͵ذϮᣬűסҲö߶߶ǡ
һĿ䵭ԱŸǳе£Ҳãʱȴûƿ
֪ͷϲȻֽдʱ
һȡȡԡʫСš˹ɡС˹ɣɽӣïӡ֮䣻
һ衱ȡԡʫϡزƪ֮ززҶ衣֮ڹ飬ˡ֮䡣
˶ʫ޲̣һк֣һŮ֣ԵСҲѱá
ͷһзгűõ˿ȥ١
ǻкӵġ
ûлӦǳ׺һ㣬ЩΣдֵֽȻȥдֺòã
գ֣ؼ֣д£
ᷢΪޣɡ
Ǻʫޡּܽȣʱ߳ϰС粢ܽһ㣬дËͬġ
ĩ䣬̨սͦ壺
Ѧͬġ
ѦɵĿǡޡ֮ϣۿͻأˮģߡ
лɵԵѾûˡ
Ϊˣ£Ҫͬģ
ȵĺھ⵹ƬƬ󣬶ʯ١
·ˡ
ӵҲãǳɻ飬úò㣬𣿡
һ細׹ŵڷƮ
Ѧеˮһ˲ڼֽϣʪּ
عͷ᣺ۣΪʲôҪôң
һϣɱҺ㺦ҺңΪʲôһɻͿһʹϡλ𣿡
١
Щţֻѵ˵ˣһ̾˵޴롣
Ѧ鼤ʣǲǾãǸĺӡлɵĺӣͿ赭дعȥҸ㣬ܣ
ɱǵĺӣȴΪҳɻ顢ٰҹǿ|µĺӾͿڸǣۣû££Ҿԭ£
˵꣬ƿ뿪Ҳڵء
֮䣬ϻģеյůȣȴ֮У֦ͷҶ
ʵû˵
ûлɹǰ㲻ϽЩȴΪģ᲻ΪлZĺӡ
Ͼʱ䣬ǺڻʱеģȷлZûй
ͷֻԺгһ̱㱻ˡʱı߲ǿװģҲǱϾҲĹ⣬ŮӶԴԼĺӣǸġ
Իûи飬ȴΪһֱ踺ء
ο·֮ǰ̬ȷںתԶشʧӣҲԶʧعںõĻᡣ
Ҽ䣬ѦҲ̲סĵıڴ֮
Щ޲δϡ
ңɻ顣áÿһÿһ̶еġֳɻʲôأô
˽ⲻЩС⡢Ը䵭ΪΣһ࣬ȴģֻǱ䱾ıԴУ
ٴ£͡
ǰʱ䲼ġѾЧݿʼٿѡκˡ
ĺ価ݱѩһɽɫⴺůʱڣ۾ȥһˡ
ϾѡеǨ֮أ֮СκʶĻĵԻδȫȥѲӴΪɣǰհżѡַΪӪ¶׼
ȥɡ
еǰһ齱ߣỺ˵
ܴڹٲƵûô㲻ϲκǶƽʯͭĺ꣬ٻϲġ
ѦɸϴڴϣĮȻ̧
һδı΢󣬿Щ̡뷨ת˲ֱͷӿϵĺ£ޱص˵ͷ
֪úʱҲգ峿Ѧ졣
ֳдһľ죺գߺȥһˣ
úǸվ䲻ȴʼղֻܼܰ𣬳дڣ֮£
գ¼ӣѦɸʥݣ뾩
ֹ˼գ˴žĵ̴ľСϻܳǰ¡
ŵʱȴǡñ̫еŮٳƼ֮ƵһĨϤӰͬعŵż˳й˿ؾǲǹߵôû湫һȥ
񹬵ǳľԭι±ϣûľǸѾͷǷ˼ˣʱֳʲô
˸ۣ˼ŮϣǼȥƣ쳣̻ر
û̫ʴȣѦɺʮӴʧʺ֮λһֱſء鷸֮٣һᡣ
л˵
ʫϵá


54 
Ѯ, ˳ִ
̫лʥݳʱϢϻ̳Ͽֵسӭӡ
κĽܭǱʰ, һ, ˴˴ε齵й˺һգ۶ڳп칬ھַšۡʯ
ѧʲʿ, Ӽ꣬ٿТ塢Ӧ, ԹĿ, Զææµµ, ÿҪڵŻ
յʱѦɱһסڹ, ĵͥԺŨĴ
ƴһתƵһӣ۱϶, Ҳɲıһ㡣ÿĹ˼ū, ߡ
ԭԱΪ˹, й֮жѻ˻ʵ۵, Ҳ֪νס, ҹҹϵĻͬߡ
Ҳ˲ǰ汱һ·ͬý۵ȹԱ΢ʣ֪ҹﶼ˯һϣʼҵҲ͵Ȼ޴ˡ

ĵ, δƻ, лصй֮С
Щһٰ, ϣȥطɺã
Ϊڴ½ͥ¸ĹЦ΢ס룺Ѧ٣͸ɡ
ϺЦ̣ƺġ
ǰūϥϹϾ֪ʲôʱֹϵˡ
Ѧ̧һۣкЩ֮վùҲҪľˣ˺ϵలµαװҲûôǿ˵ͷ
һȴһֱߵҹݳǣȥֱϽŲͣЪ
ʱɫѽ֮ϣǵ£΢ȡڵˮɽд޳
һŰںϺبϵƻ㣬Ӻ
ˮɽʯҲ˵ƻӳճһׯϷ࣬۾սӶȥǧܶϽɫķ⣬εΪ׳ۡ
׼ˮȥϡ
òڶݵƽʯ·ϣ۵ñ֮˵
Ѧɽҹ˶ñɴʣǡôסǼù˽顣
ҹɫ֮£˭ҲûȥϸϵĶжܣֻǵͷֵӣһ˫۵ӳ·Եƻ㡣
ȵϲ׼ΪΡ±ڵˮУһСβΪΣȼƻˮѶ岨ˮϣҹѲ̤һ¡
εĵطȼ̻𣬶ѤŮɢҹա֮Σ֮ɢ
ڴ֮ϣ̻ƣܣӣ۵ס
𨣬ˮМ
Ѧɲɵÿˣ紵ɴȹڷԶԶȥٲ
ϲ𣿡
ٹŮŵ࣬䲻
׼ǰ˵ʲôΥ֮ǣ΢΢ףǺãҲδ̫ķЩ
޷Ҳˡ۵ҹҵشﲩһƻҲٰ첻δ̫ס
Ѧɲ
ȷǸͼεĺþλЩ꣬βֵ污ϢǴ󼢴󺵲ֿҲ㹻ʳҷһǰȵλʱǿвɫ
Զʻľ͡ơʱҹ棬СãƮƮˡ
ʣ֪ΪʲôҪ˴𣿡
š۾ĬƬ̣㸸ǰ޽ģϧû޳ɣȥˡ
ҸףѦ̲ס׷ʳ
ͷɫҹɫĻްǰҴž޵ˮţʮһʹʮιɣ޽ڴһĻƺӵ̰ӡ
ҿ㸸ǰµͼֽȷǸ˲ţֻϧ
£û˵꣬Ѧȴ֪
ʮǰǰǸ죬α꣬ˮǣӿػּӹ̵ػ̰ӣʹа
Ҫһ˳ױɱˡ
ɵأȻʱĹһ֮֮ϵټ֮ȵ۵Ĭ׷
ѦɵͻȻòǺܺá
ȥˡͷеӳź貵ƣӨӨᡣ
ûǿ
˵׵ʱĽ͡ʮѵõˡ
Ǿͻȥ
ҹĵƻʢԭΪ¶裬δ뿪ˣл廹ǲϲȹ֮ϣæ׷ȥѯ̵̼ࡣ
ֻЦеظ¶ԽƻأѾ˴ˡֻǱ½ҹ岻ʣ뿪ʣµģٹͬͰɡ
һ˵õˮ©лͷ֣̿µ
𷽲ϵüһٻӰֹҸʥݱĳ͢ԱµŮ˭
йԱЦûְл̨Ҳ
һԱ԰¿ɳ谮ְˣǰʱΪѰҲӺأҪֱ»ģȥֹģ׼û
λ䶼Цл岻ԡȺ֮еĽȴɫࡣ
˴αϣ´Ķǳس֪ʲôȴִ
Ȼһ·ϣ빫ͬ߶УܶĿͲò֮ˣ˲֮£䣬һɡ
߷߷䣬ֱȥЦʷҪȥűˡ
ȺкЦɣлȴԾδ
Ϊط٣һֻӸǰ֣ǰʱְ֪ʥʼδ¶棬ֻЩʥĹվλֿȡЯ۵ƣʥͬһ㡣
µʮ׸µĻᣬ£ˡ
Թų̳ˣȽɹתͱ£һٶõ£

Զ֮ջҪڴһգ۲δسǣЪˮʱй
Լû뵽ӻѦйδӪʣͽ۵һ䣬ͬһµżˣڴϣϴһ˫˫㡣
ܸҽҸôõľĬ֮ʵ
ҫյƯõ廨ˮԡ۱ݵߵЦ
ƣõˡ
Щ˵£ȵǰҲûйġʱȴģëϵˮɣʲô
ѦɲϥɽıԥƬ̵֪Ҹôˡ
˵Цĺܣʮ꣬˽ĸĸ
һȵ۳Ľɣһ͢Ľɡû˻Ǿˡ

ҹѦںڰйظ׵ƽ˰ҹứעп޵˺ѷΡ
ԭĸĸ˵ĸ鲻͡
ԭǸƣûҪҰӡ׵ȵָʹһֻΪǿռĸ׶ѡ
Ϊĸױ⣺ӦǲҪ㣬ڹбʹʸ֮ģʮֽ㸸׵Ĵڣ㲻ܲˣܱ㡣
ֺγǲܲء
治һδĬķǡ
ǸԶ޵ˣ΢΢
һ棬֪һǻ£ֲϡ
Ȼһ棬﾿ܺ޺⡣Щȫͷϣһ˽İˡ
˽Ҫռõ˳شߣΪĸ
Ѧɼе׷ʣǣĸءΪʲô˵Ҹס
⻰һپնСʱǰ㽫Щ˯
˯ɣʱˡ죬ȥҶ¡
֪˲ˣȴԸһᣬֻʧµС¹硭
һ˫߬סɫµ½ǣ
˵̬ʱһģһҲԶ׼ģĸ״κͽѶš
ֻʣôˣ
ܸоõԽҹ̬Ի͡
ҲΪĺٱҲΪǸδĺҲһף֮ĸĮ״αˡ
ԶҺ𣿡
ϵģѦ˫ˮ뵵ͫʣҫǡ
Შһ߬ٶȽ뻳УȻ
΢΢Щɿ۾ִʣҲԶ𣿡
Ŀԣ˴ļ͸۾Էڡ
ġ˵ݵ۲ݽȥǧܱһϲһ֪õĽŵоദȫϲó磬Ҫը
˳Լޱش𣺡ֻҪٿҪ磬Զٵġ
˿۶ģ˽ůȵš³纮䣺硭Ҫҡ
δ־䶼ڽڵĴݼ䣬Լ΢ָ̽뱻ߣβ׵ƬƬ
ʶȴޱѡ
֪ûв͸ǽǼվ˶á
£һᶼֻ֮µļ࣬һ֪ɱӵָֻ֣ΪԭǸĻۡ
ƫִ񣬾ʹδı
ԣսȥˡһʱ徻ȴվӲҪ˵ȻѰ뿪
ȥֻҪ
һ磬۽˯ҡѣҪȥˮĺҶ¡
Ϊǰ²ӴӡԶĸɮֲ౻ɮӡȴ滨ݣС
ɽ¾ˣѦɻֳĲӱֳɽ֮ʱһ۱Ƽɽֲּŵڵİɫܡ
ޣﻪ٢ɢҪԭϡ
л˵
ϵʱ˸ʱġ
Ʋο


55 
ôˣ
עĿʱ̫, ڻҲˡޣϵһ֧ɴ׹У
Ƕ֬ܺÿ, ժһЩ, ȥޢ
ľ
Եľʹ˸ɫ
Ǵ԰ɫ֮ϵȷֲŴƬƬϺɫ֬ɫޣޢ֬
Щɫɫ, ߣ֬ɫҲʲôͬ
ľѾͷú, Ϳ˼ˡ
һۣ, ʰ֧Σ߰, ˷žء
еĹԱ峿ȥ˲δ, ǰѰͣ°ݷ
ʵϵͽͽ, 뵽Ǹδͱɱĺ, мǸΣ֮, Ҫ, ЩǮΪһ
Ҷµסϳ, ϾһӵݰٶʱܹɽĲӱҲйԱȻȲԸ͸¶ݣҲ֪ؽӴǡ
һƵʱ, ľɽԵּժ֬ʱСɳ߹Ůʩڲժ֬𣿡
ҪעЩ, ǼԶ, ΢ҩɢСβģɲҪɴˡ
ǺѣȴľͻȻһӦ£ߺѸһޣȫѹڻ¡
ȥʱöѾ˺ƣǮ
űºͷ֦ľ󷽷С໨ȥƵŮɣ𣿡
ѦɻκλҲڣҲֻõȥЩɡժЩȾָײŻƯ
Ͷһۣһ޲𴩡
صУۼȥ£Ͷ˾ںԺӹĵЩ²ժ޻֬
Ѧɿڲڻײɫ޻ʱ΢΢ȡ
㻹ͦϵؿľ
ǵȻˣҺܴģľصѹȥǰԺɣū÷֦ҪѰˡ
䲻׹Щʲôǹ£һ
ѦصǰԺʱ֦ǵԷǴ˵صĸĸ٣ֳ¿лϣ˽˽
л󼴶˶˸񣺡¹л壬ݼְ
̫زض񡣡Ѧ渡
лվֱ׳ŵƳ¹ϵĹüˮĿѩòһϮѩɫӣһֻ˿΢΢ҡ
ɨͬٵĴ⧲ײ滨֮£ԺĴɫҲϵ
̫Ī˿̧ȥϲ֪ʳ亹
ҿǸǱµãɫҴͥԼѡʮòŮʲôã
ĺ֮˵⣺ۣ¹ӵĲչˣʵڻ̿֡ѡЩŮź빫úǡ
Ѧת˲׹
Ҫƽӷء
µ£Ȼܣ˵ϣ̫ˡ֦ȥ̹̽ذɡ
֦Щ
ݸ΢Ц޷Ҳл̨һƬ⡣
л岻˺˵ǧлˡ֦̲סڣαأ֪Ա¶⣬Ƕ϶ݲ±Ůӵġ
⡣
ѦļЦɫ⡢׵ô
΢Цղ£Ȼл̨һƬ⣬Ҿʹ°ɡ
ֹ֦
ۻصй֮ʱѦѾĵ峿ժָ֬׻ȫޢɫƵ߽˵л˼Ůģ㶼ˣ
˵лŮ˵¡
ǰѦСˢӵȾõޢһָͿţл̫ҲһƬ⣬Ϊʲôա
۵üѾ١
˵ʲô˵ֻ˸ۣ˵Щδֻ̫üΪʲô˵Ҫ͸һ𣿡
ôŻͱŮ˸ѵлZɻ飬ҲŸлZŮˣ
ΪʲôɫƽҪ檵ģǰӦһ¡
üֻ֪㡭
Ѧ̾ϲңֻΪһᣬһòҲĻΡٵȸȥƣɾδˣ
һ٣ֱֱ̧ҪǲˣҲԷʮסƽԺɣҲȥˡ
⻰ﾹмԴ׵ζ̿ԭݱҲ
ԭ֢״ء
ԼĪʱ̫±ʶһֱûʧⷴӳ֤֮ǰ뷨֮ԴǰѡлZΪлZܸҪһһһ˫˶ܰˡ
ֵ꣬ùΪ߰ꣿ
ѩգ⺬ôԴף
һƶתͷȥ磬žĿŮˣԸģϲˣᶪ١
򣬾ͽ겻Ҳɹ»Ұ˼롣
ӦõĻᱻµԼŶԡ
ѦļȻϲЩԴ׵СϷͱݸ
ȻԵȷЩˣüۼ䲻ɵ͸һ˿ЩεصҲطЩġ
ϷŹҲͲ޵ȥĵزŹԱ˴˶á
޷۵ץ߬һһͿָסӳüĿЦٲôԺ󣬿˵
գӽȫг̣ǰ¿Ѿ˵ԼҰ׵ĸסһл~
ѦѾúǸɢ뾹ȵһΪֶô˼ĵһ·
ڣȫȻ˵ǣɣҲûжв˼;˵˵ЦЦʮá
ǰл̫͵ʮˣڴձִ͸δлľʿϿԾЦ澡ɥ
ȴҲиֵòĲ
뿪֮ʱλ汱Ľʷһɣп빫ͬ߶񲻺ϣ߶֮ĵزմŭһ֮£ֱӽ۱Ϊة
Щԭͬ΢ʵĹԱʹȫ۱ȴ̩Ȼܡ
鴫Ѧɶǰ¿·ϣΪλС˱ɵ
Ҳδ̫ˡ
ʷɳȰɵʧְ𣬸ΪʲôҪ˼ҡ
ںüΡ
ΪŶԸЩ̰ɲҪתԸޡˣڸǰʲôã罫·ڵط츣һա
Ҳдô
ȻǸһģȴǸʵµˣҲӪ¶뽭Ϊ࣬ҲҪڵطΪٵľˣᵽռࡣ
Щ£˵Ҳûʲôáֻͬһá
һ亮ɭɭѦδȰĻҲ˻ȥȻ촽֪Ȥغϡ
һʶǰĿȷġ
ûиıİԸһκľֻǴǰǸռǿϢĻۡ
ŲҪӡ
ȥﶼУܴ֮ߡ
֮ݵ˳¿лլ
ӵļʹ򸾳ϻ̳Ͽ֣ΨǰʱЯ˽֮ǰ·ϼÿϴ棬󳾰䶨Ӳû䡣
Яʲô
۲ûֻͣ˳Ӽ˾סլелˡ¿лǨӽѽ꣬ڴ˾סĶ˶ϳ۶һһӼι֮ߡ
ȥ²ұݺ֮£򸾼ҪΪ⵱һλºǫѷľ
ĸл~ԾûڼУ֪ںδɽϰ֮˿ͬʱ۱˵ľϧ
Լ游ʮĽλ۵ıܼ淢Сÿʺ
ĺƻ裬뿪лլǰ
ٱ֮ʣѦϻ𣺡ĸҪúչԼ
ᣬסˣ΢ЦҲǣһźȹϲơ
ѦһᣬἸѵϵ֣ų˻
߶ڳϵ֮ҡһײ졣
ڣѾŽԧˡһ󽳻Ƶ¶Ӫͼᣬ˵
Ҫҵϲƣ㻹⡣
١ֻȻȥ֮󣬾ͻݰɣǳɻ顣
л˵
ĳ룺ĳˡ
·ŵС·ģÿһ費ٵġ


56 
, ɽ·ŢױڵһСʱ, ݲͣפ, ڹЪš
¿ֻ֮ǵ˵г̣ԭȸ渰ĹԱд뷵ʹ, ȫװٽɽΧͰһ㡣
˽ð, ȴյԽš
ǳܹģ, ߺ, һȥ빬кԶĿ£, һյơ
й˳λΪʲôҪ͵͵ȥ, ƣ
Ÿ͵ȴһԸдְֽ̳С, ɫϱȾ𣬹дһľ
ĩβзԸ֮ģ
ѦϷľдĦڭ۶ľһ, Ը̷, ڤҵ, ֮֮Ѱٿࡣ
ʼζ¼ŮѦϷס
ǾױдӡľģĴڼ, ɺӡ
ֻͻȻ뵽
ľͽ̾, ɳ, ڡŷ֮ˣΪʲôͻȻдľ
ڵ̻ͽ֮̾Уж̥ҪµĴǸӵȫ˿޹أΪʲôҪڣ
þˣǹɺ뼡ߡ㵵صףĺˡ
ҹձЩҹʱѦһڻУŴĴͽʱʣ
ǸӡΪʲô𣿡
Ѧɶϣһ󲻺
ʹԼ侲粻Ѿ˴ʦ𣿡
ģٲҲӵĸѵһҲû𣿡
Ѧָ׺ݺģЩʣһĲҪҶʲô飿ҸҪʱǸôû𣿡
΢ͣҲ˼
ֻǾãܹ˳˳ЩʵǸӣҲĮ÷·ûһ˿顣
Ǹʲô˼أطʣҵһЩȴҪԶǵ𣿡
գҲⴺ꣬Ϣ
ѹĵ׵Ļɣ۽ڱ䣬ɬˣҴˣԺٲˡ
Ѧֹסȴǲ
ǲ֪ˣ
峿
СѦãؿŴ಻Ĵꡣ
۲ڷУһȥýӼصĸˣ·òľ鼫䵭һˣ;أȴҪ
Ѧ룬ͯ겻ҵԵʣԸײ㹲飬Ϊһ֮Ҳܵװװ㰮ӡΪʲô֮ˡ
ҹǷԻľȻѾʼˣôҪҸ뿪ô
ȥʵûá
޸ĸͶҲûУΨһɾԶڽݣܵܵ͢ļӡΪ۲ĸһң¿Ҳȥ
ְԼųǰǺ»ģѵһӱڽô
֮󣬿û֮ء
öľϸϸһе
һֱʱ֣۲Ŵл
ûԷ
Ծȵؿϳϵķˡ
㲻𣿡Ѧɫ΢Ȼ˵ƺΪҹ
΢ĬһϢЩ˼ز䣺лҵʱĸлġ
ڣǼ鼴½ǵʮָ΢΢һЦûпڡ
һƣָԼһЦʣôôͺȣ
ƣӦȵҴʱٺȡִ֪֡һ򲻺á
ȡѦȴִ˵ǲǲң
˵ţ㽫ԼǱӾһɺ죬ҺǺԡ
𣿡ƶʡ
ָ̾ȥ촽ľҺǺαء
ֻǾãڻңϿʼֺۿధأᡣ
ͭ׾֮ϡ
˾ڲǬоװƵľ걲ƫƲᷢб
ӦƵɢһڲ걾ͻᷢƫбҩЧ
ʧ񲻹̵ܶһ˲ֶ˹ѦԽŵĿｫоƶС˰뱭ʣµȫС
Թ˰Ӻϡ
Ѧɳһ
֦ѱǰǲߣţ˷ϢѸٻһǰõŮװ磬ɫ糣سš
ݵĺԺŴľѾ۵ķΣڵ
ûдκֻЩΪ̲ԤǺҴð졪Ϊһ죬ǰݼܱݿͼ
Ƿ뻻ʱͷطҲ֪ȥһ·˳˳ȥϹԵĸ㣬˳ԺԺ뿪
ϸ˿˳ɡС֮У᳾פ·ĽֵϴʱһҲûС
ľ̲סʣǣǽȥĶ
ȳ˵Ѧɹ˵
ȻδܳԶһϤӰȻԽгδгɡһ˫Į۱՝Щٵº͡
֡
ֵһɡҲڵϡ
ҪȥĶĮ
δдһһ䣬ֻзطһɫѼʹϸҲ£ʪڝϸУѹ֡
ľŵľڱ²ûпĿȫȻѦϡ˾ôӣֱƬ֮Ϸ£ɡ߽
ѦɲƬϣĺǷ׹
ţŹҰɡ
ҲȥҲȥģֻһڵһ˶ѡ֡ˡ
Ϊʲôأǰ컹úõô΢Цƽһ𣬾ô𣿿ǰװúܺΪʲôװȥˣ
˵ʵŸ磬鱩¶һ֮Ʃ硭㹩ڿǾľ
Ѧ֮µ˫ݺһ
ķӦ֤˻֮ǰĲ룬ļݺһֽıһ飬֮µ˫Ŀŭ⣺˵˵ʲôҵϣҪ㲻òǸӣʵɱİɣ
ǣѦҵط
ͣ£ŭ곿ת
費ȡΪ֣֮ٸһλᣬǸӾôģԼҪ˵ڶ飡
żӡ֣Ѧܲסطһ޽Уתͷ㱼ƺȻļ֮Сɫһָ࣬ʾطӥ۶£סѦɵȥ·
ǰǷطǲƽѦɼɢȫڽŵӻϸСػͷʵؿǰԽԽˣŹ֮ǡ
֮࣬קƫǴʱȻطؾСģ
ԵͰܺ紺ɳ̿ͣâʶʱһѪʱӿлӣ
۳ʹƺһѦɼϡ
л˵
Ӧûһ~
費ȡΪ֣֮᲻Ҫͻܳͽ䡣
ԸģøıŶʮƷı+Ͼػ͡+Ըдհ۾


57 
ǻ̿ͻȻ, ֮ϵѦɣ۽ʵʵذһ, ۷ѡ
ѸٷӦ, òһ㣬һڻˣһžʹ彣Ӹţ
ǽ, ʵҲѦ˫սҲղס, ҷطʱѳ˹ӽ˽ļ̿͡
Է, ԼĪʮ̿͡ڴ˴ݲԶ, طһ죬вñǹɼ, ͬ̿Ťһ
̱㱻Ťתδ˵ֻѦ˵, ˵Ѫ, ˿δ⣬üĿ䶢ɱȺڡ
ǱѦ, Щֳ, ɵǵسȥǡ೯Цʣɱң
۵亹, ϵЦҲѦҡͷ˽
̾ⶼĺ¡𣿡
Ѧɲ̧ͷʣ֪ǲǡ
üȻأΪƾ㣬ߵóݣں, 
ֱ˿ڵı˿۵һ˻Щ
һܿ, ͸뵲ɢѪ֮ڵ, ʯˮѪˮɢӡ
طð˴ɨо֣ǰܣ𷣡
ڵȻǻ˿ȴȱ˶ңȫԾûκ
Ըͷۣڱˮʪ͸ϣŵֵȻ޴棺ȥ
̣ͬСɡӣةļٵ
һ̿ͿüѦɴæĺҰκãصӵҽ°ԭȵľѾ㱻ѪʪĶǵĺ졣
û˸ʱΪλͻȻУû˸ΪְֳͬѦɻ·رнȥʱӱϵ˿Ѿϣ˼£ĿڴϣɫҲµĲ԰ס
˵ɣǸӵô¡
ԭȵǧŭδɢѪɢǰ£
˵ˣ
һۣδз˵
ĲǺӵȷҲŪġ֪ԼˣЩֶڸԸ粻֪
ϣҲҹ⹴Ÿ硭øɱ𰸣𣿡Ȼ̧ӨӨˮ⡣
۶ݱ١
Ϊʲôŵӵؼŭָȴÿ죬Ҿô񵽲ϧ˺Լ壿ֺ޹
ŭ󣬲ǣ˿ڣһƵľʹȴ˿δŭĿֱ
ѦɱĻΣˣļͻȻӿһ޴ķ֮Уٺȥ
̧ĿΪʲô
ѵˣôǾ֮ϣڻұ㰴ҷִϣǿȵģ
ҲʸΪʲôأΪʲôұϾܺİ˹ҸΪʲôҪһһεػٵôңôĺӣ
ֳŵ̲סҵؿˮҡ
ۿĿʧѣ
ѵҲĺɱȨΪĸȣΪ˺ģ
ְʲôأѪɱĺӣûһ˿һĸ׵۰СлZĺӣ
Ѧˮҡͷǲҵġģһ˵ģ
ǿҵģҵģ
ԣҵġ૵ϴıϲ㲻ǶѾˣΪȣ˹ɽΪŮΪ裬֮ززҶ衭ǵСˣѵҲһ˿һ鶼ûУƭҵ𣿡
ĩܿƵʸߣĿѡѦƵ׹䣺Σ
㣡ңΪʲôҪ֣
һ۱ŭɱֻΪ˱ҶѣǸɱ֣ѦɣҹλأͲ𣡣
վ޷ʣգܵܡŭɶط
طӰӦſڣ׾ٵס
Ѧ֪Ӳشƣȥ
׳ڴϣڴڴϢţ˺ѷεʹޣٿ㡣

һѦɹȻҲδп
˴̿͵ϮˣͬʱǲطټܹĵڳѰ̿͵κζԷʵһգչʼջֻ͸̿͵ƺָ¿лϡ
֤ǴӴ̿ʬѳһֽ飬ּѱҩˮ⻯ȥǼֽȴԳ¿زһֽ
ȴ֪ûô򵥡
ȡ̫ף֮ޱҲʵ̫ɾˡͺǰ¿лһ
ѦɵĻȷǸкܳһʱ䲻ְĻʧֻһ˲£òӰܣ֮ңľҲ֪˺δÿͷֻз֦
ֱ뿪̻ؾ˴תϣţҲûۡ
һգ֦ͷ̾ϢȰֺαЩ̼¡
ʱ֮øɱδĺӵġõͱ
ͱʱѵ𡣡ѦڳϣȻü˵
ҲԼʲô֮ѡ̹ףΪȣΣٺȥˡ
飬ǲеԵ
ҲоõǸ֪ͱɱĺӣעĸԶʤġԣͰʹҲãҲãȥ졣
ɹ֮ڱ£վǲͬġ֦£ѵ¶⣬һ˿һҲܲūԴֳҲǺ޸İɣ
Ϊʲôһ˳أһ䣬֦ѿڶ
Ҹ磬ҸѾˡѦɰ˫ϥ֮䣬ʹૡ
ʱìܡ
һ棬ὫۿˣһǻԵǿ֮ʮĶˣʹ޵ģ
һǸ۰ֳΪġ
ǰɱ˺ߣ㲻ֳˡ
һ棬ż¶ʶǸܺõֳûߣһˣˣˡ
ʵ޷ֳ޷Ť⡣
֦һѭѭȰ˵ʱжôôסʱȻ䵭˵Щʲô
ȥ
ϳ˶յҲɫ԰ף۽üҾ⡣
ֹֻ֦³
ֻʣˡ˶ĳһСסѦɣϢᣬܵηţĽ䡣
ĺ޶ãȥδ˵ֻḧ׵һĿ־֮󣬺Ȼ䣬͵͵Ц
٣ɱĵڶСˡ
һ˰ɡ꣬ƽʮһ³գѭĸ֮ҴӰ߽ߡҺʱľҰﱻǸƶǵĳ棬ѪҵϣȴһΪŰ
֪Ѿк˰ǸѾεŮǰȡ˳㶼ιȥ˰ţͻ͵һɰ
ѾδãΪʲôҪֺǵĺӣ±ҲΪƫƫһ
ϴЦƮ죬ȴѦɾһ
ֵǰߵˣһһĻۿĺɡ
Ѫȳ漤øǻһģҲƲסŻ
΢Цк޿ˡǻ𣿲ᰡôġ
ҪɱһӣҾ㻹һϣһֱٻϺˡ
л˵


58 
һ, ߺãѦΪĿֲŻֹ֦æϳ, ιˮ
֦ƽЩ, 촽˵Ķ𣿡
ҵ£侳㽲, ʵġΪһӡûС
㵲Ƽٵģ֦ɫԥ, ƬʵӦū겢ûнź򣬲֪﾿Ρ̫Ѳȷ, ŵʱҲȷڳ, ˹ȥūҲ֪֪Ϊι
Ϊβء
Ѧɻƺ, ؽԼųһţ, ֮, ȴһƬͷʹѵĿհؿ޳
ҲǵðĲǵá
ҹ˯ȴμǸŮ, ٻǽԵ粴֮ǰ, ǱǳǺ̫ŮֳᣬɫȰͷһᵽͷ, óᵽͷ޲ǡᵽͷ֡
һͷ㷢ÿ, Ժ󳤴, 統¸ôǳɻһ, ̻ͷ
ðһ棬ͷȥΪʲôҪҼ޸ѽμҵĽ㣬½ҵĽ㣬ܺð
ŮӵüƱסֻüȻϲ˵ϲٰ࣬ϣԺ
еŮͯƶǶصͷŮůĻһĳŵ
⣬Ѧɿ޵øγϡ
ǣѾ˰
Уѵķ֦ĬĬߵ󣬿пŮԥƬ̣ʣȥؿλڶмһʡ
£ȷ֪Ǽ¡
⣬ĵķԭҰΣǻ࣬¸աڣھǰɷҩ
һüЩܿ׹ǣʹҲδȫϡ·֮ѦһҲûʹͷ·ȵǸ˲
֦ʵΪģڣȴ˹
˽ã£ӦýһĶԹȫڹһϡ
谵ӳһʵĽļԣü
ԭҲҪ
ֻҪ֪Ƿɡ
Ȼ֪ǻǸģɲΡԹԵشأ
ǣײεǽҲϻͷ
ƾʲôΪجҹĥֱҲʵѪȴ⣬һ˿һҲС
Ϊľ͹⣬ͷȴǴٵԤסεһԲƽҲױΪ촷ۡ
ǰ
֮󣬻ÿվͻȥһΪհµĳͷ
ϵ˲ŸոϣⲢŪҹ䰲Ӫկ˫δ˵ֻֽϥϣʹÿÿ죬ѦɶǱ
ԼļЩΣķռңǿҪ˼غҲˣᱡ
ָֻٵᣬ϶ôºͣȴʼղܾ֣ϲĥϲ֮ʣ޳һһԽȥ
±֮Ҳ뿪Ħ΢ĵСૣ
˵кŮأ
һǸҪкأٸϲкŮ
ǰʱȡֹȻСأҲ˼кӣͽԶɣ֮ף֮Ůͽ¹֮ŮóϣҪһ
˵ǲã
ÿÿ˵Щ֮ʱѦɶ
ûȥԺױڻصһ·ϣʱ޿̲ܵľš
ˣҲůʯЩġסٽ˫ֽȡֱһʱ󣬲Żз֦⿪
ĹϵֻصȥµʱΪ䵭ģװҲװˣÿιйһҡ
Щľ
ʱã뽨Ѧɱ
ѵĳû뿪Сʱδ˵ǰ߱۰˿ߣһһǣ˿߽Ƴ
ƣޣԱ㺹ʪ͸˳۽׺ŵ㾧Ө
һҪô𣿡
ôҪӣϣܸŮӶǣΪʲôƫƫңûʲôΪʲôҪҡ
ɱǵĺӣ˵ûʲô繣ֽǰһƷ˿¶ӨûУЩ飬㲻𣿡
Цȴɭ޿ɲϴŵĳɫ˿һŮġ
ѦɪسţȴѴӲľȻ޿ɱܡ
ôǰĹ˴ɱԲ׷۸ҲںڿΪô˸Ͳأ
ⲻһ
űֱƽȥЩԭߵζϵŵĽ𻷺Ҳͣһ㽿޵ĺ죬ݱ״綷ɸ÷ѩнʤ
ûʲôһ
֮󣬻۶ۡ
۳˾խ϶ȵĿ糤ȣҲ͸Ӫ⣺ծӳƽúܡԭҲƽЩʣӾ֮ЩйһһԼң
˵費ȡΪ֣֮ҸˣȻûץסŰɡ˵һ䣬ͷϵ켣뿪
Ѧ̱ϣ̲סĻңͶԴ̷ʲô𡣡
һͣлع
ϲְ
վΣ͵鶼ģΨЦѦɣԼ˵ô޹Ҳ˵ǰ㲻
Ӧ֪£ô㣬޵ǻ֮͸úЩǣ̷ĹټŮһˡ޴Ѿʴˣȴǲԣս޵ĵߡ
ҲãȻôϲǸԱȣĨǵĶͣðȻ˽ȥƣкһٻ󡢵潣þʲôӡ
³ݵִｨգ̫аּ⣺
ְѦϱǻˣѪþλ꣬Ǩӱ̻޵ͺ
̻޽̨ǵĻʼҵԭŮŮʿԭҲǹг͵컻յֶΣЩСȴεŮϣΪǻݣٹؽǨ󹬡
ΪлϣΪѰû¡׼ʺ˷֮Ҳߣǰ֪֡Ĵ󳼶϶ҪΪˡ
ȴƺЩΥ档Ͼּ֮ʱɫȷ㲻úܺá
ۣҲΨѦɱ֪ǵһʱǨӱ̻Ǳһ۵бλ̨ǶࡢϪ¥
˴ڹн̷̨ǲԶӭǴٹˡ
ҹ֡
ʮͻȻƹ̷ܽ˾ĹԱҲ֪ʦ뻨ڲԷгмεĺԺ⣬㯵ؿǰȫԱڵʵʵŮӡ
ǡְ
Ȼǹеˣ飺
͹ˡ
˵ˣֻڴ˴ϸգúƷ֮¼ɣ
л˵
Ӧûж


59 
۵Ѧɴ¥, úüʶʶ伲ࡣ
Щ˾ʹ粽غһԣҲûʲôɵĻᡣʦ벻Ҷ, ֱӽ
˴¥С
¥ַǷ, ˸ɫŮӣʻݣ, §򱧣׻, ܶĿ޶, ڴ֮бʮֲš
Ÿ֮, Ũҵ֬
ƺ̵, һߡ
Ѧǵһ ֵ̤طľ, µաЩŮϲ޲Ը, Щ⡣
ʦ֪Ȼεģ״ȥ, ҽˡ
һ·᷿֮ʱ, żŮӵĽĵЦǵѦϹ̡
ʦ벽, ʦֵѾȥˣ԰ꡣ
巿֮вõĻ⻨ľϴŻɴ߾ýױ, ֮аһ̴ǶС, ڷһֻԽҤϸƿ, ġʴ¶õ塣
ɢ壬򡣷иһɲ֪㣬˵ĸĹ뷿ҲΪ
ʦѦʱĸһ绨񡢴Ůӽ뷿СһһţԾн벻ؿǣû˷Цޡ
̣ȳȥɡʦ΢΢һЦ
ĸӦ£¥еĵλͣһĿȻ
ʦֵλǴԩģǼ˽ôһеİɡ˴󷢴ƣܷǳȥ
֪ʵ۵⡣
ҪۼһеıңΪһҪǾԼң࿴ҵˣͻȻȻؾԼܵǵίʲô
λӡʵ٣£Ϊ˳Ա̷ϧѾûлͷĻˡȻˣβôʱָ䣬ǳ
ŮȻʦ룬գȿֺѦɸǰ£˵ԼĲס
ʦѵʲôһһ
Ű˳˵
ȿڵǸԼ˫ʮ껪ͷʽŮӣһڣˮ
˾ȾҰɡ
ұŮӣʮʱĸҼ޸׶׵ˣ˵ҪЩСɲ룬ʧܣ㽫˽̷ΪУ˼ҲգһӽҶ´ĺҲ
ѦļһҲһŮֵõĽ̷ʹĴȣˣβ˵ЦǿЩҲܱȴĵǿ
ˣһΪŮŮţҲᱨ
˿޿ģ˵űǰ¹ͷѦæɡ
ʣµĸŮҲ½½˵Լ֮䣬Ϊۡû̷ģҲбģƩɷƩ縸ף֮ûԸ
Ҳǰ˭ǡءԼҲԼŮδ޴Ӹ޴ӷ򣬷ӣһӡһĵ¡㽫Ůӵ˿˱һԼģҲΨԼ
ʹڽ̷֮УǵҲùЩСģ׿ϰգ黭ѧЩҲǹԱϵǲ֮µǰϷ
ѧˣҲýӿ̷͡˵ϲټԱ֮£ʵʹңټǾײļʸԼ֮ӻسǣǻø
ԭûʸ˵Լ潡
Ѧ롣
в̷
һ仰Ҳû˵ЩŮ˵ԼеһԱǼֱѱ
ѵǾͲѼ𣿡
Ů½ɢȥѦʡ
ʦҡ篲ȣôأĶ䣬ôֵġ
˵ˣʲô³ء˻֪ɣ¥ǰиһʱĹ׵λϲҲ˶䣬ؼ檡ɻһ㱻ת˺üһƵµˣƣֱɷ˽潣ϵˡ
ʦʮֵĮ·Ѿ¡
Ƕȥɣ뵥λ˵˵Ѧɵ
Ĺӣ¡ϵһ̣Ѧĵ̾˿ȡּˡ
ʦҲ̾ҽ̹ķӲá
ܹãԼûáѦ˵ĬƬ̺ʣʦ˵в𣿡
ôءʦݸ䲻˽£˽˰ǲ⹫档檿ҲǾײĿѣͷˡ
ҲûʲôұƾʲôƾʲôҾ͵øӡѦ˵
ңһˡ
ʦɫһ˲
ʱ򣬶ԴôҪҪǹǷܵõԼҪĽ
˵ΪʲôҪΪЩء
ʦ֣ϿҵȰ
鰮¶ƣȴǹԼģ˭ֵΪΪԼ
ҡش۽ޣˮĿӨӨ
ʦȰΣ޷ı䣬ȴɸıԼ̬ȡӣȻ߰ЩǰһֱԸӲӲǲкýģƽǳ̲жݵ򣬺οأҲؾһʱķֻҪرľͺá
⻹иĹˣ˵̫סѦҲһ㡣
ļƻȻʣȻվ֪ˣлл㡣
ʦ뵭Ц˵Щˣϻؽ̹ķô𣿡
Ѧߺ㡭ôЩ
ЦǾʵ۱źŮ˵Ļǲ
ֻҡѦüĿ
ʵùģҲȷȷЩǱ֫ȡʱܳءǲ˵Ǹ֪ܡˮŮô
ӹУѦת˻⣺ϲõ壿
ע⵽аڷŵлƿһⶼĺõ塣
͵İˡҡͷʵҸϲ«έ
Ϊʲô
Ϊέ˿ȥֵһĶ;ȴȡҶڡ
˵ˣõ̫ˣ«έضǣŸʺ֮ˡԺˣҪңһ«έ𣿡΢Цӯӯ
ѦļǱһ£ʱЩ֮Сô˵ⲻ
ңʦҲûʲôƽȵġ
ʦֻЦлһúûŵġ

˵ʱ¥ĺԺԺ֮ͣһУԲ͵ؿ±صġ¼̸㡣
̶̵һ㻹δ꣬üͷȴ
رġ
ʲôлZôȰѦɵģ
·Ȼһ˲ʦԡʱʱơ
ŮˣҴȤͷˣɻ޷졣
õҲ˴Ժг³Ժһïܵǰⲽ¥ϵƻ
ֹһżϤٻӰ˻ų߶ϣҲ飬ֻǵӰǲһ£ͷֵߵߡ

⵹ȷѦɲ뵽¡
ûǳʦ룬סһͣ߶Įµ
컹𡣡
ҡͷΪĿѾﵽˡҲˣʲôԣҲˡ
Ҫ˳ȴֺ֮еѱһü΢ʲôѵֻˣô˵ĻҪ𣿡
ûᣬǼ˵ȥһͬ𣿡
ңЩˡԥƬ̺Ŀᶨ˵
л˵
ĳ룺ô˵ĻҪ𣿣ԭ͸ĳߣ
ĳߣ


60 
ͬ
, ¥Щ|Ůʮֲмֱ˵ظΪǻм𣿡
̷֮УȷкܶȲ֮, ¥½ϵ, Ҳн֮ˣȴƤҪʲôԼδжѼ
Ȱ;֪ķ, ҿԷ⼸Ѽ, С
ͬͺáѦɵĮ˵Ѽ, ֻԼѡѼ, ŮҲãҲ, ҶǮǡ
ҲûܷŹ¥ˡ
̷ǹӪӪսǹ, Ǯ븳˰, û浽˵ز
аɡ۵߬, ЦЦһ, ٻǺġ
ôģôɱǵĺӵģ벻ס
Ѧδٻ, Ǳֱ͵˱̻С˴滷ˮһ滷ɽ԰ɽʯݳصļɽ黷, ˮ뾶, 񴎵ĵΡΡһ֮, ̿՝ھɾ֮Уġ
Ҳʰ˽ͬȥʱ͵ӻʱǻڣҶ̣ҹ֦Ҷˡ
컹֪Լߺ󹩷ںľı㱻ȡ˳ܹææָŹǰѦͥԺܣűķԺССһ̺졣

˵ġȻˣǷأ
˵ĸ׽̸ģĸףһڵҲѡ
˵Ǽ|ŮѼѦִԼ˽ȡǮһǧʦָˣҪٳ·
˺һջ۶δ̻壬ͥ¯ơ
ǹŮ޵֮ȴԭеĹ֮⣬̻ԭмص۵ϹŮǨȥ˶᷿סֻͥЩɨĻԺҲá
գѦоģ˷֦ͬȥԺķι
ķãˮԲβkkһʳȥнȿֺԾˮ档
˵췼֦ҲڣϾĬΨг촵ȹڣԶԶȥ̨ӡ
ãлݾĬ
ȻĸŮǺģ⵱ŮҲǣŸţס̻ˡ
ǹԭȿŵǼ֣ʱҲ֪ĸɽɽ˵лΪǸ֮أδɫһ䣬ʶҪֹ
ѦͶȥһƳʾⲻɣǵ̸
ǰ˼Ҷ˵λʢ裬ҿδءôˣôһҲûסʱȵۿҹҹˡ
Ǳɡһ˵ԭΪҪأû뵽Żûһؾˡ
˵ԶȥѾԶ֦ʶΪ⣺ǵġɼѳ½æ
Ѧɫǻȥɡ
źءҲֵ徲
صУɫñ㰵Ժ֮ס
ѦҲģŹǿž˻飬ϴ˴齡
⣬Ͻϵ磬ƲȻһ죬굹Ӱѵ봰ڴž졣
ߣЩŵ˯žܿ硣γʱ򣬺ż⹬Сʶһ˲ѣԺۡ
еƻ͸վŻۣһɫ㱻ˮʪ͸ЩǱ֦˸ɾҪ
ôˣ
ѦɻȻۼľҲδΡ߶ϣɫ΢Ȼ
㡣
ԭڹд񣬺Զڱ̻ã޷ר־
ܣʵ֪꣬ҲҪ顣ֻҪһ뵽ڡðߣһıҲ޷
˴޻Ѧɽ˷ϴ£ࡣ
ԼĪӺ΢ݣϤĻҪܾ͵ڶߣ
˯ɡ
ȡһӵĽѵÿһʱܼ֮㲻ȴ˴˲֪
ҹҲֻĲˡ
ߣͶлZĻ±̻أ֮¸ܡ
գҹ˴꣬һιظǱһֻѥȫ̤ˮȫ°ϣҲ࣬ǵˮѦһԡ
ڰصʵҲҹ·֪Ȫǰסȵһصֱͨ˵޷ȵ۵ĸȪڻأūɡ
˴ŸոµѦ빬ȵڱȪһꡣǳѰ̼صʱ·ʱߵص˽ᡣ
¼ΪĻݣҪʱϾ鰮ĺãҹΣȴԺˣΪ֪ʱ䳤ˣܻᱻԺǼƼˣ
ȴýü壺˵˵ʲô
ҹð˪ѩȥķ粨Լŵ˽ҹ¡ӣԼδĻʺ͵͵ģҲҹ
գȴõص
ʱӳڱ̻޼䡣
㡣һɫԲȻ
Ѧɣ
һն㣬ҹȥ֮ҲץְѰӵ˯ȥѦɽҪʲô
ֻлԼ֪ʱƣȴʼδУĻͻգ˲͵ĵز
ȥôˣΪʲôûء
ĸױΪźСӴҲУʹռ۳꣬ҲʼδܵһӰŮ
ٻСǳѵҲΪСɥʧ
Уҽһơ롣
Ѧȴû˯š
ͷ׳䣬ɳɳȵţһеһжʱӡ
ʱ´ףǻ޵һˮԼСȥķźҪ硣
ʱĸ磬ʹǱѲôˣҲδܾغڻһ˯
ʱѦɾãĻůĵطˣٲµʱҪǿԶ͸һͺˣͲҹˡ
ֻǣʱ뵽νġһ𡱣ô塣
ߺġߡһķ磬ǻ£Ϥ뻳ģ˹ȥڡ
ѦиһӯӯȻˮ⣬ֺܿ¡
գҪȥЩˡԼ˵
ЩĹǲԭµġ
ѦȥϳѦùźڴ鰸ǰ֣ġġʾ
ǰѧСʱְһһģŮӵвзâл鷨Ҳ޵һʺ֡
ڣȴдˡ
һǻ۵ӡּҲ⡣

ǳ˼䣬ľȴ˹ȹһgɫš
ôˣŮĲԾ
ľֻƴҡͷʾԼȹŵһʪ飺ơ
ǰںģյý˲ƳǸɴİɢŨصǡζ
Ÿӻû룬ڳô軨һֱǹкúðڷŵİֽܽšľżص
ôء
ȻûֽţǾ軨ͽʱѾˡ߽ɫߺޣ㺦͸߱ȥ
ѦɵĻӦȴԶԶ˵ϣˡ
ǸŮӣԼѱšȡһС֣ȥҽѯʾʲôʣµģȥװ֪ɡ
ľЩ⡣ô˰ˣȴһҲأ
ȴת˲׹΢ɬӦȥˡ
紵Ƿ֮ǰƽǰࡣ
л˵
ҹṩĳֹߡҹȥ
ܻж
ȿȿҾд꾩Ǹµͼ


61 ޣ
, ˴ǰѵ֣ҽ࣬ҽ鿴
Ƕȷ㲻, , ȴҲֻ㣬ΨһĸֻŮӳڽӴ֮Уڻ, ûôԣҲ֪ǲΪ, ʹӺױڻһ·ϱҶΣȴʼûС
Ѧɵ֪, ԰, ̲סԹô飡
Ȼû, Ǳ곤ĵܵܣº͹ʼղк, ֲԸ, λûпϣûпΪգ
Ѧҡͷδ, ļ, ȴ˵
취ȥ, ˵ӻھãҺϲͷ֪Ǵļ԰Թá
ڶ죬һ, ܿϢ
˵, ľи常ׯġ常ιҼĹԱ, ܱĵá
ǲ֪˼ˡҲ˵ôϸ
Ѧ˼Ƭ̣¸Ӹ˵罫ڹһ𡣡
գ빬
ѦйˣһѺȡԻȡһǲ
ӣʲôҲʡ
ȱ˹ƺţұ㲻ǰһƺΪ
Ѧ鵭Ǵҵ軨ȡõĶȥʹˣ㡣
ұѩˮ£վ
ҲڹгȻ֪ʲôţ˻ʱǱӵĸ㰵»̥ٲȵȮһϯӾȥڡҲ˿ںϵʢ衣
ɣ⻨Ϊʲô㣿ѵѵǸס
ǸףѸٷӦӯӯлʵڲ֪£檾޺֮⣬죡
ҵȻ֪򣬱´ˡѦɵս¡ֻǣ벶ȸں󡣡
ҹڵصݺһлѣ֪ôģҲӸһĹĻᣬպ檶λ֮
ͷ̸ϣ£ȲҪ⴫˰ɡûжԱ˵
֮źңΪǸŮӣֵַѱŵݺ
Ͼһ¶ȱϵľԻ۵ӣضô˻Ὣγ
Ҵ䱳ĺϼȴδжߺңҲֻǵĺϼ˹ᡢͼ
Ѿл䣬ٺþлͿ̿
ߺֲĵǰʶӻĴá
ͻԭλðɡѦɵ
кϾûйܵĽӴ壬ɢУǲٺò
ɣţ尡
ЦЦѵԹǿȵĲﻹô
ƿԡ
ᣬ뿪̻֮һֱȴڹӭǰ潹ѯʣɩôְΪͻȻ㣿
ûʲôǿŭӦлظɣҵûغθһˡ
ȥҲ˵
˳λڳĺθδлȥݼĸǾֱȥסԺڴ軨ӵĺһƣ
ӭһƣֱСĸĸʮӣôأ
ҳȥɭ䡣
˻ԥŲߣҳһЩȫȥ
ٲ˵ʲôϤ¡ĬĬ˰Ŵã治κ˽
˼ƲŤͷȥڷˡ
УһƴҲƫȥ˰ͷɢס˴Ѫա̧
㶼֪ˣ
ŭ֪ˣǹѾ֪ˣΪ鴫¶ʲôҪȫҶô
ȫңȴЦô֪飬ҸףͲǲ֪أ
梡ڽȻĿ΢Ц˵Ѿˣ鱩¶Ҳ㵣ţǳŮⶼͼıʲôϵ
ˣԳɻ飬úμ벮澡ʧ
˺
ݵ֮γѣŶ
ʱڷĸĸѸҪѯʣͷҲصȥ
ڣŶ梷뿪ӰЦ
ǻȻƭҵģ֪͸׵ͼı
ҲʵЦ¶μҵʲôϵһº޲ûֶŮŮ֮ΪҪ˼ǣ
ֻϧõļƲߣȻѦɷˡ
ڣұϥţͷڱ
ռǿ߰ĹŮγ¶ȴģʹ˫缹ڲĬĬһΣԥΣݹȥһɩ
糤ҹļĬƱƣ˰յίշҰɩ˭㰢ɩ
Լǿɱ͸ˡ
ΪһʧܣġҲ֪ǰʱļӪӪΪʲô
ް㿴鶼ˡڨڨ˵
һ죬ѵݵǰҲòգǿϲ˲Ӷ񣺡Ҳ֪ĸģ˶ģ
ĸģôͳɻˡ͡
Լ˰ϤİοðĸҲƽϣٿʱࣺ㲻Ǻ֪𣿡
ǶװģȻ񡭡ֻȻƵؿɩ㲻ΪҴǰŮ˶ҵİɣЩİйġ
˭ҪЩˡ
ͷһ
ӵԺм檶ʵ˵ڳԴһ㣬һʱûʲô롣л㡣

վȥ
Ż£軨ʱתƵͥԺУϾվŮѪӴָʲô˺䲻ΪãҲװΪԼӡ
˼ᱡ࣬±̣ڻȵ˿ϿŰڷͥӻ֪ؾ˵ĸʢʱ¡
ŵΪĸϲӻȵ԰Թֲ̻̫޹ܹ⡣ÿÿ˳ʱڣģӵ㡣
ţĸ׻ϲ꼻Ȼ꼻һʵΪѵãȵ۱ȫѼ԰ԣÿֵڣַ꼻͡ʵѵõĶ衣
ϧĶҲûܾȵǱѳˡ
һ뵽ĸף㲻Ǻܺãҹ˯ˡ֪˶ã͸΢֪ˣط˸ҹûꡣ
󣬻۱Ǻס΢򣬷齣ûв٣
ƫȥ֮еرקϻȥ֫޹ǵرڻУʵѲҲͲˣֻֻǾÿЦһӣƫƫЩµӪ
粻ÿЦô΢գƫżǳЦ
ȥмִεı
ԺЩ§˴ʲôɾÿЦġ
Ůң֮ҲҾˡ
򸾡
ͷ类ʲôһ£Ծ̵һѵΪ˱ӣ
磬ʵĺܺ棬֪ҲϲҪǿңΪǼǳϲǣֻΪҪӣ
ֻҪãұŮΪʲôƫƫأ˵
⻰صúܣʶҪŭȻ˼ûû˵սҲԿţֻЦ˵أ
ҵǿʼڴϣʣһֳֻŽ֧̱ӣ˪磬üĿһƵĽ죬ȴģô֪ܲϲҰɣ
ѩƵϵĴƿ̧Ϊʲôܣ
Ѧɵķ·ʲôУ΢زȴܿع񣺡ô׿˵ģӵĸ鶼úܣٿɲš
ڸҲеһĹ߰ˣҲأ㻹ϲֻҲһתͷѰ˰ɡ
۶
ں˵ʲô̲סڣҺǽ㵱ߣֺȥˣ
һΪ£˵ǡͻأصᣬЩίͲܶҺЩһҪƣ
˵ӰӰ´µ͸ݱڴͥԺסڶ᷿һһӳϴˮƼĵƻ𣬲פۣ
ӷô˵
л˵
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62 
ҹ, Ѧɷ˵±֮䴫ˡ
Щֻص۹ţ֪еص֮, ²ѦŮо, ڱۡ
ѦŮģлϾתϵֳ, ȱˣת˼|, ˮ
治Ů
˼ϼŮһҪͽǳܹŮٳ, ڴձ˳ϴ
ȴΪȻ
Ǳ̻Χ˻ʵ۵, Ѧߣܻø˲ؽȥǻʵԼɡ
Ȼ֪, Ҳ˵ֻ˼ˣûӰӵ, 賶˵ʲôٲҲǹ, ǿ๵ġ
˲ģص̻, ļն쳤˲ǱߵĶŴª, վ빬ȣЩ, Ȼ̫˵ʲôѦϵķеȷˣ
һϼƣѰһǱѦԺ׽ס|, ߲񡱵ϴ
̻, ѦҲע⵽Щӵ춯ԭסԺ᷿, ǲýԺģȴسԺӡȻʲôʲô
̻㲻ߣÿղддŪݣżһԶڽݵķɡ
ǷѾãȴޱȼᶨţһգټ
ɺڣҹܵռյʱ񡣶ҹٵؿ߹֮󣬵ҲЩôϲ¡
ʼãҲҲǲƿء
ϾǰҲЧʵԼûܼȥ
ҹһδܵٱ̻
鲻Ǻܺãɫ򽭲۵Ĺģл㱨⣬һظ裬ǿռ֮¡
ԭΪͣЩ뻹ԽѦҲץסһ䡣
ѦɣļЩꡣ
ң뵱Ǩ̻ʵһġǨѹʿ壬úˣƽ⳯иЩ׮׮ƣ֮ʱŵ֪ɱǵĺһ£ŭɶʶǨ˴ĻݵͬʱҲú˼
Ȼһҹȴǿģ·ֻ߲Żð֪ߵصˣҲҹҹˡ
ѦǷĲãȴҲֵÿƣװ֪ű˯
⼸մҲǺȵģ˾ռߡ˾δڴϣ泯ࡢǸӱܵ˼̧ģۡ
Լû۾𣿡ѦɲԸصҲ֪һôྫڳҹﻹоĥǡ
۽ü΢壬ԺȻһ֮лӳϣ罭ˡ۳ʲô£
֦ææ߽ر£ԭȿص۵Ǽ£˵ӷˣҪ׽
ʣµǸû˵ڡ
ɫࡣۣ³ȥ
ԺǼѾֿˣнѣ䱻Ҳʲôˮ˽ؼ|򡱣ľɫסҶ
۸һ󣬶ţҪѿһ߿飺סڣ
¶ҹԺͻȻѻȸ
ӿŵˣת˿ǻ
ǿŭȥΪ䣡
ǲ˰ɡѦɵȴ̧˼ǰüĿµһ֦滨ԭû˵ʲô¸Ųǡ
գţ̽ߡ
۶ϵø
в֪رջ԰С˵ýҪȥ¡УһվǽģϾлZýȢ¸Ը֮ȴƼùһ㣬ûûֽһ֮á
ˣԭȴá˼ļƻȫϡ
գص˷ȥ̨һţگ˷ݴʷѦ뾩˵м顣
ڵҹǼµӣǱʮȥ
Ӿ˵|һȥ׽飬ò˵Щ˵ģ鴫ܹ̫Цá
ȻѦеĻŻδȵȵȵȴԱǧӼսԣȻڱ߾ܼᣬǳıѡ
£ȻѼʮ˷ݱƽ˷ݳǳؼɵֵȻһս⡣Ѧ鳯͢Ӧս֧Ԯ˷ݵ׼
ѾãδԷڴʱ˺ԼȻ£мΪ֮ը˹׷׿Ȼı塢֮ߡ
һѦлǲˣ˼ǰ󣬻۾
ϾȥЩݿ˵׼ҪͶˡ
Ҳûа취£һԶڳ֮ϣԱĿƱһޣᣬΪ㣬йѲͳΣǻλľֻ»ƺԱҪõС
սڼǲɱ⣬ȻԼߺΪңõһ˻סоơ
һּɡ
깫лZ˵лְ֮ƹܾн

¼ӣп䴨Ŀ̫زУͶȻ
£ȻΪǲӣʽִ˷ݳ£Ⱥᡣ
͢һ֮ǰگٲ֮˷ݡͬʱݰΪ߿սľݾе·඼ԴԴϵ򱱼ᡣ
֮УܴǼȰȻѶվϦ֮ʻһϡ
лZֱ֮±Ѻسġ
ӽݵӱҲҪʮաԭȵľнص֮󣬸Ǽ·Ҳ㱻е̨֮С
ڵ㡣˽곤Լ˵
лZ⣬ǰ˵Ļ¹ٲcѣͷϵ켻δȥڴ¡
ˡ
عü絶棬֪ʲô𣿡
ϴμ滹ǻ֮ϣΪڽոһյ﹤жȹδ뻹ټĻᡣлZ鸴ӣҪͳܾǽ
һʱʹóƽ࣬ʹļΪʹޣҲƽȡ
ǡֱ˵ظһ޵ʿ֮࣬󣬾бػҡ
갢Ůӣʿ֪Эסоơ
ǡлZȴЦΪʲôΪĽ
½ȫΪǿ¸롣գ֮ϣǱ¶᳼֮ޣҵҵӡˣ£ҪΪЧȴһϸ΢ı湦Ҳ¿Ц𣿡
湦򣿡۵üͷѾҪʲô湦Ǹٻ㣿ξ
ˣȨڣΪΪ޼ľĸȻʲôӦáοŮޣĸײڣҲ޲Ƿʲô
λûкܶƫƫҪ㡣Σ֮ȶǬܳųԼŰ죡
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˵Ƿ󼴳лZ, ȥ˱̻Ѧɣ
ˣҪ𣿡
ȡһر|Ľѵ, ڵǲߵص, ϴҲҪ½Ϲ̵Ĺ˶ֻδ
Ѧڴһճͼ, ָ΢΢ʹǲ֡
ʲôʡ
ʲô۲ü, ڼΪ, лȻ뵽ˡ
δ˵, ȴѦɴϣ˵ӣþ, 粻Լ̫𣿻˵, ֪ᷴ, Բ޼ɵ裿
絽Ҫʲôأ֮ˣҲûٰʲô, ΪʲôҪ, ơ
Цλ÷ĸ, ΪҲؾڴ˷ǳ֮ԱǨǿϣ
ңʲôʸԹأǹ, , ҳ֮־Ӧøл޸ǡ
Ѧ, лZ֪ᷴһ㡣
̫˽лZˣٵ¿лϰҳӡο¿ڳ֮͢¡
Ѧ̲ס񣬳¾ңӳΪ棬Ӿܳ𣬻ִǰδģҪ˺Թ̫ǿѣ
˵ˣ־ںǨֻںΣɻȴ
һ˵лZֱ꣬˵ص˵Щ㵽׼ǲ
צƵŭƺһ˲ƽȥ͵͵ૣ
ȥ뻸Ϊˣˡ
ļЦͬ⣺󣬽㡣
ɨͼٶü٣ûǴĻ㻹δʲô
ɫĮȻͷ֪ˡ
󣬻ֽ˷֦
лZ޺úǶ˵ʲô
δʱ֦ȻлZ̻Ѧɿǰߴݵ꣬еһ˲˵ϡ
һδ˱ȴǰ࣬ԭ⿡ʵϼʹЦҲǷʧ⣬Ѧۿһɬ첽˹ȥ
紵Ʈҡ٣Ͷ֡
лZȴ˺һ΢ɬ
Ѧ㵵ͣסŲ
֦ȥɡѸ侲Ը
µķԸ֦ԥһ˲վ¡ϣȷ뿪Ѧɲʣ㻹𣿡
лZ̧ȻüĿܺá𣿡
ѦɵǺļͻȻӿɬǰס˽С
лZûƿӵ࣬ӵҲֿ
⼸ԹþһȻ㱻ǣȻҪƹܽȻʵ˺Ѳӵ⡣
ˣΪټһ档
Ѧƽһ̧ͷ˵£˵ߺӹܽ𣿡
лZɫһҸĸ嶼ţһͷѹţôܲܡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôƹܽǱս棬ҪɶԷͼı
ɣٺҲڴʱ£֣Ϊ˵ȴڱͱӣʱ߾ʧءڴңҪǧ鶼֮ʵƷлZ
ңڽԼĴ㣬˴겻ԶɲֻǡӡݣǱ͸ˡ
Ѧ΢΢ΪƽҲΪء
ӣôأɱ
ѦľӵĿд˾֡ȴֺܿ¡
ǲʱ¡ٲҲΪΪľʱѹϲ֮߱¡ʱ±ؽҡ
лZ뷨٣ٵˣҲ㡣
ͱºúùɡ𺣬վǲͬģôҪѧŷӣӲӲûкô
Ѧİתǧء
Ȼ֪ߵһȫûˡһҶңһЩ֣θ
˫ĿһһӯϾӨķ¶ɬӦáȴʹѿ
лZļ಻ôܡ
ֿ֪ǶԱ˴ѡ񡣵飬˵±ܷµġ
١һ졭
һ죬㹻뻸ۿ⣬ܸ߱һҲֹĴѹ
ҲʱܴԶˡ
û˵꣬еŴлZæɿúչԼΪҵˣ
ҲǣѦֻüһ䡣
һ˱̻
ʲô
ڵسŵƺɰ߹ȥյƣȥǸҵģ
ר־شߡ
ŵ㣬Լȴżй·㣬ֻڹл·лZ
ȴǷ֦ûиġǹ
Ĭؿŵüһ˲ͻȻЦʣ˼棬ٿ𣿡
ҪʲôĴ𰸣˵ǣҶ˵㡣ѦͷҲ̧˵
Цһڰһ£ָڰ£ƢǼǡ 
ȥֻһλһʱѪĴ󷢴ȱ˾ҡ
ôȻ᲻лZҪȴ˴γҾ̷㣬һ𣬺ǲã
ʣ˵עϵ飬κһ˿ϸ΢ı仯ҲŹ
ƻż档һ̣֪թѦļҲƵغݺһ
۽ԥУɫȻȥ
̧߶ϣĮ۵ס
Ѧļ
ɱлɵģ
һ㡣
ҵʲôƽصĿȴѺ˼ŭҺѾԼֿˣ֦ѾԸˣΪλҪƣ
һ˻ߵʣɫ΢䣬ȴָֺܿ糣ÿɷطʣ˷㣬𣿡
ȴһ˺ѣѦɳԽŲһķȥԭɶ칤ͼʹһΪ
ɫȻһ
ЦѣҪƢͷƢοԼѪ
ЦЦ˵Ͻȫ磬Ȥ㣿ףԼл䣬ҽ˰Ҳû㷢ˣܲȫ٣
룬ͬ⣬㽫лZ˽¹٣տأ
ЦЦѦɱȥһǻ΢
֪ǴȤûж൱档ʱƬ̵ԥ
ʲôأǱˣһòʶԸô
ܡ
˵û޷뱩Уĵøɸɾġôܻԥο˻ò
΢΢ɫ§뻳ϰԵȥ
ᱡ㼡˴˽Կ֪˴˵
ͻȻʹѦʶ˦һƣֻýӲ¡
˵˵ɡ
ִŮϸǱ޳ָ䣬᣺ΪʲôûУǲٱŸ磬ʲôҩˣ
ѦļйһƬ죬ֻǿյػͷǸԼûãôˣԼôȥҩ
ۡǺǡЦ
鲻ü۱ɷǽĵҲûƽԼϣָѩƵıǼһ㣺ûãٲ֪
ѦɫŭƵص
΢΢Ц⣺аɣûҲá
˴ҴһȥҲ˳ȥĲýǡ˷ݷϲġ
պ³ߣݷʦ
ʮ壬δ̻ڴ޵ԭְӲȥ۰֮سе񲿹ԱԺᡣ
ȻʱѦɱȴڱȥĳˡѾȹϣ˷ݽ
һӦ۶ܶ꾡İţ깫ͬ½Ϊ
лZлͳȫǽȶܼܱߵơȻҲȫȫһк֡һлZͼı죬Լµگ͵ظɱ
֮⣬Ϊ½ߺң˴һԭΪĹٵ½أȻȴǱ¶½ظأǴǰˢġ
³ݵִ］ݣ뼯ϵĴϣСڰѮִ˲ݡ
ݳ֮⣬ŮɺŭȺڴˣֳֺӧǹͷӢԣ˷ݴʷѦеڶŮѦѦᰡ
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ݽ, ʹء
ǰ£ľ貵ĽϽ뱱, һ·, ݣĿľɫ
й֮ƬƬĻĵ, ʱйܼһׯʵ뽭ϼؽȻ෴ľɫ
, Ѧ꿴һջߣôô
֯ȹ仨ڳ, Ͷ봰貵ɫʡһ, ۱˸ңгڶ, ĿתؿŲ˷ľ鼱
ʹǹٵҲļĴ, ɲҡΡƣü, ΪսҰɡ
һǰǺ˵ĵ, 䱻һջ, սʹݲźתЩ
˿, ⡣սʹñʮҾſգȥ꣬Ҳ븻Ľȡ
Ѧɻع, ˷ǲǱﻹҪ
š۵
Ҫǰߣ
ûͷûԵһ, ˽һ㶡Դ, ѦĪһ죬ڨڨ
ʵʣ˷ǰ߸Ļս
ѪҪսε˿ô졣ʱǴң
ⱾĹ£˵ͺڹһʶԡ
ȴصС˼⺬Цôٵң
ûСӲؽ͡
ȴק뻳У󱳽ǰأյ£Ѳ崼͵ȴԶ
֮£֣һսҴ˺ʮİʤȻټʮڶҷҲڳӪ¶ΣչԲôҶ
ҪǨʱмֻعζǰʱȥ⡣
ǰûбտڲ̸ͣ뱱̫ԶޣһսҲԹֻ˻ͶС
߻ӵģۣԣΪ˹Ҵ£پͲҪˣúô˷ݳҪøģ𣿡
§ĥмַκζ
Ѧɱ˵£Ϲ̣ûӦ
ԣƽڻɳԭҰϣ΢΢ۣ§ڻüѵõĺʱ⡣
һսǱҪģڲ򣬽ҲҲǴʱǷ򡢿ʼӪ¶֮󣬹Ҳѹֻ
ԭǲôģߣܻġȻ̫̫̫誣ûвлZģһھʦġ
ݺִܿﲢݳ£ǰӭӵ˷ݴʷ֮ŮѦ档۴ҴԷڱʣ
ǰΣ
ر£µ˴פڻġԽжʮ֮ڡإʮ³һ³ʮΣҸ˻ȥ˷ݾƽȣƥҳ㡣
ѦͿڳԴ뻸۷ġǰ߷صսһ¡
ȭϥй񣬱̧ͷüòʵһ㶡
λòʵ̫iͷʮ켣ڳͦΣɪãã֮Уʵo
ôҲô̫ƽӣʵ벻
ԻˣδԣҲܹʡ
ֱȰźõݣˣżһֻ֮߳ò°׺һŮ
һֻаƴСɽü죬ˮӯӯһת䣬ǧ֦Ƴλ
ӳһֱֻ֣ӽ˴Գϱ£梡
梡ѦЩŵص
Ѧ΢΢һ㶣˹
ʮ˴һλŸŮλˮһĸģĸڹС
ֻǰӲŴϢ˵̻ˮλҲȥˣģµվԼǰˡ
λţ˵Щס
Ժ㸸ʧСŮĵá۵
Ѧת˲׹Ŀڻá
һ·ꤣʮգѦ˷ݾĻƽʻ˷ݡ
븮֮󣬻ѦĲ
ѦɵϣĴӲ˷ݴʷѦв֮еıδ󺺣׷Ŀ忡һ׸ĵмĳȣһλ彫
ѹĲĸһжŮӣŮѦ溣üĿšסŮǰʱӭǵѦ͡
һıһ䣬ţǲĵ֡
ġ֡ѦԶ롰֡Ѧںݣݿ֮еǲĵѦ٣Ӣ䣬ҵͣԸѣ˸ƵãЦǰкٰɣ磬죬и硣
ѦɵһεüôĸˣǾ㶼Ͱ飬Ǽⲻɷ˿˿ɬ
̳΢ЦҪڣеֳֺǣס£ֹǷۡᶼˡֻøĿڣ֡
ѦЩʧѦȴǿ֮İӿ΢΢һЦãͣȴȥٰɡ
úͰٲְ֪Ϊ׵ȴ֪ӵĴġڸȰźһƧСԺóȻ齡
ҹѦǰϴӪѾõĽʿǡ
ӵʹѾǿֿһµıǳʿ񣬵ҹ·ˣ֣ͬ˷ݾӪھĴʢ
ҹĻ赡УĴ𣬽ʿΧţƺ֮࣬ʼľ衣ɪ֮䣬ڵĺӲݣֱϾ
ٹ١˷ݲмϯϣ̸ЦơһĵϣѦѦͺѦһ𣬿űпҵյӣЩ
Ѧע⵽ΪѣŮȥӻһƽЩĹ
˴θ汱ϵŮΨз֦ڲ࣬״ҪӹʱԭϯǱߵѦȴ˹ܻʣûȥ𣿡
˷ݴʷѦмҵĵŮλϵֳ׽Ȼ¡֮ѪףȻй׽֮顣Ȼһ뵽ۣؾܾңҲᡭ
ûϵҽ㡣ߣѦٵ˵űһקܡ
Ѧæʹ˸ɫʾϡ
ѦΡ
ܵӵ浱Ѧǹ̸ǼŮǻ֪ӵء
֮ϣȺƵĻҲע⵽˶ЯȥӰɫ΢΢һ
κδʱֵ޷뿪ҲֻʹԼջĿ⣬ʾطȥ
ᣬѦѱλ¶ֳϴشһ˵𴦣˳ʱıܣ䱻̵ۡɿ󼴷ڴڵش
Ѧ˼£ôôѽ
Ѧҿǽţڰ֮ǰǣսպա𿴳ģҲ㸸ףҲܳʹﰡ
Ѧɫͨ죺ңҳڹ
ҲŶѦף㣬Ҳ
ƽҡҡͷСʱѧκ
ڹʱûʲôĻģ۵κʱСС˳ߣǿбȥΣȻһŵźҪ硣ֲҲֻв֮
лҵ꣬лҲʱѾڱǾࡣҲûлᡣ
Ѧ˼ؿ
ɫ࣬յѩڷСӲչһϸ飬ʵ硣ĿڵҪȥɡ
ѧô
صüףѦѾæ־ܾѦѴһԵǽһƥ
ôð粻úãֶ˭أ
ż硱ʣһѦδ㽫ϡ
µ߶ĸоʮֿɲֻ޴ץסѦַϣ֮߬סͬʱ
ҪнȻӶ
£أֻ۱ǡ
ļұһָľ룬ǱҲǱԼһյζѦʮֻֿţĶϲ亹䡣
Ĺ֮£վĳ
Ǽ۶ھӪƽɳ̡
һ·ʮƽȣѦٵĽ̵£ղǰǰֻţأҲԼһ˽ࡣֱƼǰˮҹɫŵͦӰ
ѦͫȻһֵɵ֡Ȼ˻߸ǰϵĶ˦¡
Ѧּۿ죬æסһֻֽ߬סҲڴʱǰվŵˡ
ݼ£
æѦɴ£ְ̿ݵǰ
ǻۣ໹ŷط΢ЦŲ֪ѦѦɣݵɫȾϼ衣
١
Ѧӵʲô
ҡѦһһ˳ˣڽѧ
ȻƵصͷ΢Цʣѧ𣿡
ѧˡѦɵӬѦûʲôȴĪֱ׽|ľȡȻĵģǵѦЩʲô
ܸоõλıøȻçײЩð֮⡣ŽҲڿά־롣
ĸõ۰֮ȴֲ֮¡
ڻУɾδءʱѲôҲܵȻӦʱĪŭǣˣܹҪ˼ɼ֡
ѧˣǾͻȥɡ۵
תĿѦ٣ǫģѦСɾƥһá
ӳ¹⣬ҲƲŭ⡣ѦȴĪرֱðæӦȻñǡ
ǳЦͷѦӪؼ۶ȥ
ѦٴԭأԶȥƥ϶簮һӵӰһ˲ʲôϻۡ
۲Уϼۡ
ʵı۰һ㽫ڻУһ𣬽աѦɼۣţɿ
ӦȴֻԽԽϢĻǹҪ̽ĹͷҲײ顣Ѧͨ졣
̲ס⣺֣ʲôûСַʲô谡
δţһ·ʻ˽ҹõоʡ㳯Ӫȥ
Ҫ㡣
Ѿ̺õĴϣޱ˵
л˵


65 
Ҫ㡣
ʱ, ѦɼԼĶ䡣
㵵ؿǰվüĿˣ˺һŷӦ, Ҫƿ
۽˫ֿڴ, ĮȻ޹⣬ѦѲϺ֪Ⱦ, Σ㵽׷ʲô谡㲻ǿúֻѣѵɶû𡭡
, ǸˣҲĽ裡
۲Ϊ
, ĮȻǰյŮ, ֽ̧һɢ鷢ȥ˶
ţһƥ, ǲߣ
Ѧһ㶣˲֢ڡ
ٶ, ˿, ֻõûС
˵ʱ߾Ǹ, , ûôʶ塭
ǲǣ޹֣ҲЩ, ͼԾɲΪ΢ָһ΢΢̵Ĳգԣˣ

ʵĽҹ, Ȼķ, ѦĪ뵽̻лɿ졭
󲻽һ, ǹŲӲϣûС
Цһĺɭ硣ȴ˵ʲôᱧ𣬳ԡͰȥ
Ѧɫͨ졣
Ըţ˫㣺֣硭Ҳ롭ŹҰɡ
ỳеģٻỳеġʱ㲻ܷġ
һڵأŽˮУ˭˵лŮ֮¾һỳС
١սЩƻصϣǵãҹʱ򣬸ô𣿡
ҹͶұʱˡ
ްָ۵ĺ촽ţɤ˰ʾ֮⡣
Ѧ㵵صɴ˫Ŀ
ãᢵʹԼĪСʱѦɲűſϸŻ
Ƿ죬һ糵ȫˮϡߡ°Ҳȫˮգ񷶥©¹˸ӨӨĹԡмھϣһļӡ
ɢңһ˿ȫһ˿ڵ׼ϣƯɴ֮°ֹһ㱡̺ȥ´⡣
ʼ˴.صĺƽʣ˱ˮ
ѦһһؽӹԾйɵζ᲻ԡ
ȡӣʪˮϴҪȴ˻ȥϾϴϴţֱüһ󷢺졣
ЩΣ˱뻳ָ̽˳ĳͷˡ
ֲûҶʲô
ķʵԶ糹׵׵ռʣСΪùɵطΪ.⣬ϵȴ޷ȵġ
ԭƼѦٹһŭҲɢ
ֲҪġѦɵ͵͵رԹ۽ˮһ˸
֪ίҲû֣Լ﷢й
Ѧƽһ̧ͷҪӦһ¡
º޹أ㲻ȥѰ鷳ûУ
ҹ˳ԭ򣬻ƳһΣûӦ£ôϲ
Ѧɲÿɷ񣺡ֳѪס
СûмˣҲĸ׹ذ˸۰ĸ绹˸ӡýദȻȴҲо˰ů
Цֳʲô
⻰Ȼм֮⡣ѦͷצСèƵģһƣ㲻ˣ
ûзЩȥȴҲδգǺǳЦȤţˣٹķ
һ
Ѧļ䷳ҪûӦ
£泯˯ˣΨз
ǵġ
ķŲ
δʵ׷ȥתԣ
ŴҲ뵡ţ˳عྻϣ¹֮ӳӯģ
ԭһ˳ģĲӵ˯ȥˡ
峿Ѧиӣֱ˵ΪѦָһŻ¡
ݶı֮Ůϵţɫˣȴ¸äƼޣʵһ׮û¡
ͻȻָ飬ѦԼɵ׼ҽǴֲɶͷԡ
ΨѦļ飬֧֧أͨӦ¡
Ȼڻһᣬ˭Ҳ֪ջٳ¡۱æµÿսڳѲӳǷ벿֮ߣղӰѦɱ˷ݸ
˷ǾҲǱһߣԮоҲ˿ҵ飬ϳ¥أŮ˱ں󷽷¡һжҪδѡ
ѦɾԼӦЩȴֻ֪廨ιǣ˷ݰĵգѦǰȥʩࡣ
˷ǰʱΧдʳޣ֮쵽ˣʹǴϱҲҪʡãڸŴ֧̯սʧ
Ŵǰ֦ͬææµµæһ磬۵첲ҲЩ̧
࣬Ҳٴñֻ˰ɫɴס״Өգֻ¶һ˫ɽˮ⡣
Ǵ˰㣬˲˵Ŀ⣬ǰ񲻹ϵٵĶϿǱ棬Գ˸ƵСڲ࣬ǵóڼ˿ŵϳ
֮УӲרԳʣĿа޼ɵδ
ѦԣԽԽͣ͵̵ȥ
ΧõѦǿȥʲô
͸Ͻȥ¡갢ƣ
һŮߴĽ澳У
Цţԭ£ϳǴʷĶɫһ䣬ڨڨˡ
Ѧŭֹô׳˻ʲô࣡нŵģԼôȥ˴ֻܸŮǰ𴦣
ҪλεεĹãʵЩԹԵġ
սڼ²Ѧɣʵ˷ʱ䡣
ȻҲˣӷļϵˣãҪһӦѦҲʵĲ¡
ϣԭЩߣҪܱ˱ӱƩѦɡ
ԼǿߣȻҪ
л梡
ѦʩĶ΢ͣл
ԭΪ˷ݵİЩʲô뻹Ҫ˷梵ʱ䣬ʮֹⲻȥ
ѦͰڰʾްת£ȴӾ֪깫ˣôú𣿡
˵깫֮£˷뽨ǧϢܲѦ֮׼ȷ
Ѧףºܾ˷ȫи
˿׷ʣ볤죿
֮ˡѦ΢ЦúñáȽؽ빫һ
ٽƻ裬ǰ˽ˣѦɽһ˸һλʱۿѦһ̣ǴʷǧɣϵãλСӵ֪˭Ůɡ
Ѧ·꣬ͬѦҲ⡣Цסõļ磺ҼҲһСã˼ûҲ֮С
⵹ǡ˵ͷλСøƵģһƱѦʷ飬ϲ
˵Żףͬ½ؼżеԱ˴ȫͣʮɿ⣬һѦ١
Ѳ˳Ƿڴ˴ʩ࣬˳ؼҡ
˵˫ĿѾԻλǡ
Ѧû뵽æӦҵֳ
ķ
伸ͬʱѦͷƤѾεؿ̧졣
󣬲ؿֿѦɡѦգ֪Ҫα⣬ѼȻץ֣΢Ц˽ͣǿɻˣƤ˼϶ѡ˼ңʱпջһϲơ
л˵


66 
һֱȥ·, ѦɻΪǾ仰ڻ߬˷ݳƽĽֵϣ˫Ĺĵһ糺ɰ, ʵ

޸, ѵίˣ
룬ǻлZɡ˴λؾ֮ѰлZմ, ãǴͻ½, ½ıҲһ˴
ѦЦһҿɲҳ롣
ǵáִȤʱĻ, ۲, ɫ΢Ȼ
Ѧɺƿ˵ˣĻʺʲôõأҲμҽһ, ֮䡢ΪȫǵЦ𣿡
˵꣬ȴԳЦЦ, ҲѾȫǵЦ
ܡѦɡ, ؾ˭֪ǸŵŮˣȺлϾ, ֺԼϵֳ˻һ
µȵӶɳЦ, Цĸ׵ĺ󳾡
ֺ˵ʲôü, ôһ
δҷУǰȢҲֻΪʺǸλá
ǣǲһǹ, ֻǸѡѦɳ˵
, ۲, ֻ̣ƢǼǡ
Զ˾ʦ˳Щ㣬
۽ͻشʷ뿪ˣսڼǧͷµûʱ䣬һʱĶŮ鳤֮ϡ
ȻĴȫڻĵȳɳȥĳжʮ֮ڣֲڶǳأΪɢʴ䱡֮ոһ
֮󣬻۾ãս
Ϊ͵Ϯ˷ݣûе˷ݵľӣگ汱Ĵͬʱ͸дü飬þһս׼
½յصסӪУñоʿֽʣЦŵ½˾ɡ
ĹְǾ˾۵ÿ˶дȻҲЩĹԱ
½ؿŹͺͺëֲڵֽ
۵ǲ˺ױдһ£Ҳƽ˾
˴κȻ˵ս˵Լڻġ
㣬ҲԼǸдһ飬ɼ飬д˭ء
Ǽ̸ֻµĸףǺԺЩΪȢĿģŮˣ
ԺȥоֳһǴżЦĵžļ䣬ƺǸڵСȿ޵øγϵӣңԸţӵĶ¡
һСΨ۾ôϵĳǡ
΢΢̾ϢһдֺͻȻ뵽ڣǲںͽƸꣿĸ͵ϣ
齻ȥʱ˶ϸͽоʡۿգ̴ֱӣȥãĻȥɡ
̴çײһ䣺²дô
˵˶ҪдʾˮһսľģӦ²ǡ

۲һۣ֪뵽ʲôɫȥ
ˣҹȴ˷ݸȥѦ˱ѦɵǼСԺ
ѦѾ˯ͻȻŽӲɵһ
ûͣĿϣҽҹЪڴ˴
ѦЩ㵵ؿûӦ
ҲܾҹĻЩ֣·ɽǰǿѹȸȵ
һαߡײ⼹һһɢеˮ޸ݽ֣һ̺Ͳ
ƫסʮָǣ̴֣ڷг
һɾ
۵ıݱȷֿһСްʰУһԷۿ硭
١
ʲô
ҡͷϣֻǿޣ硭硭
ˣ˿ˡ
Ѧɷ类˿ϲµظڿУãܣ۱ˮҶϵˮҡθͣʶ֮ǰŻɾ
ͷԸԳشûȫѦɲɤӵһһ̮Ľ
˶ƽ֮شţ߬ķǣҧóݺ۰߰ߵĴ
ҪˣٸҵĶأ
Ѧɱڵùǽۡ˯ȱҡѣۣʲô
ĵĲ֪ôҲ֮ʱнʿ޾ɶΪǱ˺¸ʮͣҼҪߣҲʾʾ
ѦһϢˣҪҲѧЩɷĸˣ͸ʲôҲѹֽҹڡ
ļȴʵѹ
ƽӽȥƽҵʱ򡣼ʹ£Ҳƽֻվ污֮Ķδͳȥ
ȵ˺ö֮س޵֮ǿ֮ʵ㽫Щƽȫò飬Ͷ֮С
ҲûзӦҡҡСԴ˵
Ѧۼһ¶δɵȥδǺμ梣ʲôϵҪ㣬Ҳ󲻵ϡ
۽ü΢塣
ڶúҴƺɷԾⰮ¡
ǴﲻԸء
ﲻɴЩֽ߬Ͳһȥأ
ЦĪǾŸɣûȥлǰԵ
ģǸˣǰҲһگ߻Ϊ̫󣬽ٻǵᣬҲһ
߬ǵҪһ㣬ѦĬ
ҲճڼʹȻʹ˵һͨ軰Ҳûк˼Ψ֮дЩ΢ָʶҪƽŭü壬ֹס
ЩֻӦôһ䡣
΢һ˿ȴһǿ⡣
޳ľ³ֽ˱Ѧᶯ£˸Ϊ˯ˣδܡ
վųģȻȴûкɵĵز
ⲢԻʲô飬Ϊʹϲ֮Ҳòϣʵλãȷùȥ
һؽңֲ֪жٰͿ̿顭ļߣ˭ɵ˴أ
գѦʱһûӰ
մŮٶȥ˳ͣʷտյҲΨз֦ڡϴЩСˣڴ·ƽ
֪ΪʲôԱĺ޵ûôǿˡҲʶôҲûʲô塣Ҳսˣ̫̫ѹͷϣս֮µ㲻ȥǰȫȻڰ֮С

һ߱ʮգսݣܿ㹥ǰȻռĻĿն򣬴
Ѧȥ˻ģѦڳУسеѦһ֯Ϊʿƶ£ǰϢ˷ݳ˻ΨѦóüչ
ѦҲΪ֮˿ѦΪεǣ˵ͼҲˡԭΪȻȫΪռջһģҲȻȻΧǲ
Ϊӡ֤Ѧõĵһ㣬ûգǰߴϢʥڹһʱΪȻһ磬˸ھвˡ
л˵
ǣûõˣ


67 
Ϣֻ˷ݸڲ, ֪أȫǷΧ, мݱΪ, ˷ݾĻ̡̻
ѸٵȻ˵ļϸڱƲΪȶƣѦټȫǾҥ, ģͬʱڳڳɢҥ֮, һʱ䣬˷ݴΪ
Ѧ˷ݸ, Ҳ˵˻м֮¡
ɲɵ, ƫ硣
˻֪ȴںױʱ, Ӷ̿Ϯµġ񻹲أм, ɡ
յ, Ѧһ£ð, ȴ뿪ݲú˴̿, ǻӣֻڵϵı
һ, ʼҹ˯þһۣܻμּݱ´ҵأȥ, ۵Ҳֳࡣ
û, ǰִϢ, ɹп˷ߣʦǣ
˷ݳǾ˽һµģȫȻ¡
سǵһգ˷ݰȫȥ˳ŴӭӡѦɱȥµͷѦһװȴţ½հʦòȥ𣿡
ҡѦһʱɡ
ܾԼ̬̫˳ȥˣָҪʲô
߰ɡѦȴɷ˵ߣһ㡣
ȵ˳ţټĳ¥֮£ؼˣźʣϲֳʮҡ
Ѧڳ£ָžʿάѦͽʣ𣿡
Ѧͷţųֻʮ·ˡ
ߣϳ¥Ѧ˵ţץסֱ¥ȥ
¥߾ԣԳ¥ϵǸ߶ĮƽԶȺɽɼ
ԼĪһӵʱ䣬Զг𣬴ȺҰѦ͵Ǳǻسˡ
ǹŸ׵İΣι֮ҲԱ
ѦɫЩȻشߡ
ʵûжֳֻǵĻһ˾
սǵʧʹͿ̿ˣҲˡ
֮⣬ϣһ۱¥֮ϵǵٻӰ
ݵ㵹΢΢ĴɫѸٻָ糣ȥ飬ǰ󱣳һ£
Ҫ˷ݳǵİգúÿҴ
¥ѦЯõȺڳ֮£Ц񣺡ĳѦϣЯеãر¿֮ϲ
Ը̩񰲣ɽ̣Ը꣬˻
˵꣬˹֮ʢźõĿƣǰԾƼأ𵭵ĳ̡
ʾѦȥ˵ڶʸϵĻʵ۱¡
ѦʱΪζӲҪԼ΢ȡ
ȻܰĿ棬ٲԸҲֻǱǰ˫־ٹͷ
վŻ֮Ҳ࣬ͷ­ͣδӡ
ۿԸҲδȥӡ
Ѧ溺䣺޷޲ڵЩӣѦѦСسࡣӦлǡ
˵ţʾķطӹƾѦ溡
ѦݸҪ£ϵӸֱ㽫µŮȷǰ
·ͻȻѦü֮ԱסΧ۵İ֮б޴ľֽݱΪ뻶Ц纣ˡ
ѦֱӲ׷ʲôաĿ֮£ɵߺ˫Ҫ
𶯡
δ˵İ߼۽ãء
ѦһӲˣ޵˫ճա
ϧһ˫͸ˮ۲ת䣬ʹҲżƵģ˿Ƶ.顣
ȺлŶˡںѦЦ룬ѦҲʶȤɢһ
Ⱥףãǣִǰۡ
Ŷһ߽԰ңԭڵСͯҲõ廨ڶϣ˷˼ҳɻʱνֵʽպЦرŮ΢΢Űʾ⡣
Ѧѿֻðϣűס
һֱ߹ȥԶȺݣ
λС˭ÿ
Ǻǣ˷ݴʷһصӰɡ
ϲ
ǰɡգڳſʩ࣬ҿƼ΢˽ýȥ˵ķأ
벻˷ݳ߻ʵԶģҲܳλʺ󡣡

Ⱥ۽Զȥֱʻ齵Ĺǰ۲Žɿ
ʲôֲûνֹ
Ѧɲ˵ʲôüۺ
ʣһͰƽѵٲˣ
ˣְͰ͵¥ʲô
ˣ·ϲźã
ѦҲͱЩ˵ˡ
һҭǲǣ
˵ˣҲһᡣҪҲԡǺЩϡЦ档
Ī
ѦϺ֬Ĭ˰βʣôˣ
ˣںüգˡ
ˣ֮£ǲһȦһȦɴ㱻ںڵѪʪļ˶ҽѼýⶾĲҩʮ죬һɬڵҩ֭ȥתЩԾãһۡ
⿴Ҳûʲôõĵġ
Ѧ롣
ģΪա
˷ݸѱʢĻ磬ͬ
ƺ֮ɫҲ¶һϸüڲɫգ˲ͷūӪ齫ʿҹ֡
Ѧ򱻴齵Ĺ֮УԡϡԡͰ֮ǰѴԲͷ
ûС
˵ˣҼˣٵԼ
֮Ѧա
ĬĬļ䣬Ӻ󣬻ᱡڵ߳ȥ̲סԹ¸ǻ𡭡
һΪ;ӪĲͷūʲô
ţޱ顣
һ仰δĻȫҭ˻ȥתҪߣȴһק˻ȥ
Դֱü۽ǣֺݺѹ£ҧסĴ
ĥŮܿһֻ˯Сèϣӣţˣۡ
Ҳˡ
һۣ
ʦѵ̹㣬ôʡ
һ죬йƵϺݺһҧͷ׷ȥϸϸ鴦ǣһǴֱǻƵĴǵʪġ˳ɤƣ졣
˳ӵ̴ڣϢȥ
һǲŷֿ
Ѧɵδ˵ұ߼ϣۺ飬촽ݡԻʱȱһ顣
ϽǺ乵ģű˴ˡ糺Ĭ̵ָḧ
Ҳˡ
õĳĬ󣬻ȿ˿ڣ֪ҵǸ˭𣿡
˭
Ȼ

Ǹ֪ʲô㶵̧
ۿ˵ȥûĸ׵ˣҲı֣ǰκͼ֮ӣˣĸ׾ǳ¹Ȼʲ鸽ȻȢȻĹŲʮ꣬ռȵˡ
ŮλˣǱĵģ͸
ѦĲãûӦ
ֵ˵ǵء䡣
ȥϲݽӻػ֮ʱйһ֮ԵʱʹּʵҪ
Źһ꣬˺Լʲ¡治ǲԭ֮ӣգթԡ
ڿڣȴǲ⣺ʲôֲʶ
ãһ԰ָ˹㺹ӨıǼ⣬ЦЦ˵
Ѧԣ뿪ȴһѰ˻ȥ𶯣ٶһ
졣Ѧ޿̡
磬ֱ۾ܵԶɴĵط۵§˱ıͭ©ľȻ١
ţ
ҪһЩһֱڸߣˣ֪𣿡
սǺ⣬ȴĳЩԶļ紺Ƽ¸ѦɵУѦ˲ѣ
ڸʲô
ͬΣ
úôΪĬҪΪģ
ѵһʱºͣлȰķҪǰЩֵľٴ
˭ϲŭ޳˭𺱡飬˭ڳлɵĵӣֲֶΣһǿҡ
ĵشߣһֻ˿⣬Ҫ
ദͨͨꡣ˴˽֪ҵ̲סʣ㲻ͬ⣿
Ȼսۻûнҵģܵδȥ֪Щ³ǰͷظŮŮӣ˵ҲΪ
ҲҪҲȥǰ㣬ԣΪ˷ݾҲΪս£һЩˡ
ûнͣͷѴ˫ĿദһһϿɬ
֪ˡ
֮󣬻۲
л˵


68 
ڳ˼, ˡ
죬Ѧװ˯ûȥڴһֱ˯硣
⼸Լֳĸ, ֪, ºֻļ˹ûбһ, ֻǰǰ۶
һ, ҪġģֻǾԼ˳һЩ, Գ֮, ˲ĸĿѣлɵı豻ѹ, ЩƷһŪҹҹ
ս½չһĶպƸߡǻ˷ù, 漴, ߴϢҲܽضϣʧȥϵûյϢ, سеѦõ, پӹ̳Ƿ, ͬʱǲʿڳǳܱҹѲߣץһʱ׼еսʣԷȻͻȻ֡
ԭոǳصϲһ˲ɢһ, жĻ̻, յ͵ǰơ
ѦҲ˳еĽ, ʼиŮӽΪսʿƹ޷˷ݵشϣ䣬ѦҪһӦͷϡ
ֱƣʮһ³һһսʼ
峿Ѧҽڸʱس¥ĽʿŻŵܽ

²ˡ֪ӺδðȻˣԼʮ֮ڣݼ۶
Ѧ;ˤ˿ӣǴӺδģôˣ
ǰʱ뻳ģѾߵ
Ѧ溵侲ࣺ̽ٱ
ȻһȴûǶ׼ʱ䣬պѦ溱ڳ¥ƼԶϮĹ̡
ͷƤһ飬ǿ򶨵ؽѦ٣죬ȫս
֮Ȼ˳ִ˷ݳ£սҲûУ峵ݡͶʯԭе׷ױƹǺ׼̵ݳǽҵĽѦټַż
˷ݳǳؼ̣֮ǺʱڣѦԤϣǰҹˮڳǽ֮ϣһҹȥĺǽͭǽһ㣬ȻþݡҲδܹ£Ӱ֮
峿˷ݾӭУԳǹܵбڻǺӶ԰ں乭Ȼӽ˲ãǧ
գ˷ݾĸΪƣղȻйƥȻ˶ʧƥս½˷ݾһγӭս˵о
գ˷ݵĵоˣ˷ݾʿǡ
Ȼֲʤڸսֵʧ¹ȥ˷ݳδԮǵõϢݷˡ
βһݴʷѡڴʱ̳͢뷶ֱȡ˷ݶ
غݵѦֵܱѾǣƣûԮ˷ĴҲʼϵϣͬʱеȴһľܿҪɽˮĵز
˷ݳǣȻ᧿Σ

賿Ȼ͹뿪
ҹƻͨ˷ݸڣѦ溽Ѧ͡
侲طԸ͵ȥҲҪȱϹİΣ
Ѧȴԥɡδ᲻ţ
ѦҡͷһʱϵϣָʾˡŵõϢʢѾͶˣܿͻԮȻ˷γɰΧ֮ơԤУⳡսܾãڻȫ͹뿪
Ѧһλ梵ĻȥѦɷУϸ֪鱾ĩ
Ѧޱȣ梺ͰֶҲѦҵĶŮôܹӣ
㻹߰ɡѦͽص볤ڱǰģҲҪİȫ£˭Ҳ֪ⳡսάֵʲôʱ򣬾ΥǱ뿪
ѦֲԷҲԼڳоǸ׸ֻͬ⡣
ɫѦܴ˰ԻѦԳ뿪
гʮײϴ̽Ϣĺˣ֮ڣźڱѩδԭҰϡ
ѦͷƤһը
Ȼˣ
תͷԷȴѷǣֵǡмֻĸꡪ
֮׵ļ˵ŲȻ䣬ɭ䵶İХѦæ|ǹ뼸˲
Ѧԭ֦ͬУżıֻһۣ㱻ʿӿѪͷؽ
ŵУƴسУȴһδ󺺻ס죬ôСĳ˳ȥ
Ѫ䣬ǶԷаһɢŶǰ䶯ţ˵Ȼ
ѦҵؿŻ¡
Ǹҷſ
ѦƼŭɶͷһԼȴ򸹲ܵҼʵʵһǹ
ٶԶ࣬վУµ˷ݱҲɱ˸ɸɾããԭҰϾǺ˵ʬѩѪ
ʮȻʿ佫ΧסϾЦѦɿ־سţ߬ѩصֶľҲ֪
һг̽鱨Ȼ˴˷ݲԶһ˲δڴ˶ãֱӴǻص˴Ӫ
ǱھпŮ˵ʯȦ˵Ůˣʵ;ӱɱŮӱ㱻ӪˣÿսҪȻ˵ġ衣
Ѧ˱ȥʱмȻʿͬĹһЩŮϣŮӼĲҽ羪ס
ŮŮҰཻǰ䶯ѦɶŻ߬ŷ֦梵ֱۣ԰׵ֻŶҡҡ׹
Ϊʲô
˭Ⱦǡ
ȥǰʮҲδһֳĵȻߵԶǲܸˡ
Ѧǿ򶨣˲ñʵѪû֪ʱϲ˵Լ򣬶Էһ룬ȥвسǵ梣
ǱŮڵһΪɾʯȦ䡣ץȻȥ󲻾ãӵŸѩõɾߴ˵Ȼڽǵ
ᣬòǺˣȴѧСڣһŵѩi΢΢ЦĿѦϣݵľ޹ȴתѦͣ
ϵ㡣
Ѧͺ޺޵һۣȻʿѺݺһ޴ϣù£󵨣ݼ

Ѧ뷼֦ڽһΪȻΪλ˷ݡ
Ѧȴ֪ԷϸģޣҶڣҲһһô
ԭ˱ȻһοɺĵȻΪޣ˴κػ˷·ֻ룬ڴʱ
Ѧƿڴʲôʲô˸顣ɾȴ벻⣬ָΧȻʿǻ֪ɣ
λ˷ݳǴġӧǹιǣ˵ֶǰͣǿã֮󣬰·ˣȥ˷ݳʾڡѦϽܿţ
ѦڴֹʿӦѦȥ䣬ѣŮѩ׵ļ˪ѩۡ
Ѧɲ֪鼱֮£ǰֱɾȵſ
Ŷɾ΢¶Ĩζ΢ЦǰŮ
˭
ѦļţĻŵȴ˵ȥҡҽѦɣĸǺһŮұȻţɴȥ֮ڣ㲻
л˵
磺ţû֪ˣ


69 
λδııֻһʱ, ʵϣһѦɱˡ
Ҳ˵֪λֶ̬, ǰһλ, йأԼ⻰ֻ᲻ᱻΪҪЮ
Ȼк, Ҳһصǰ΢΢, ־ᶨ
Ѧ㵵ؿĿиֳһ˿ж
ȴµؿһΡ
ԼµҪ, ȴҪǿӢ۲ؾ, ⺺ŮӣЩ˼
΢΢һ, Ца
УȻǽı, ҷŹ
˵ʵ, ȼ˽ȴ㣬ʱ, ȳζ, ٰǶȥιǡ
ڽѥһת˳ȥǻɾЩ, ûбȾָ
ȻѦòףȻʿͷؽߺͷ¶ɷ, Ҳʱǰȫ, һʱͷ˿
Ѧ͸Ǵز׽һѶϢȻҪ˱ˡ
Ҳ, ǳ;ϮعӦϣһ֮˷ݣֻ˱
գ˹ȻѺ˷·̣Լһϣ˷˳ķ϶Х룬Ǻ䡣˱㱧һȡůûȻ˱˶£ڶ
;·ݲƽһ·ѦŻ²ֹѦͱ֦ͬһһֱĵչο
ǰǿԾӣλĹΪߣʵЩƲģΪ̫ʵжѦϵŷ硣
ĿԼǰ֪Լס
˷ݵ˷;߰ٶ·̣ҹŵ
˷ѹ˫Žһ࣬Ծδܹ¡ǱֱУѺ䣬ѣѣղıȻ㵽ˡ
ȥϴˣȻ󣬸űȥ򡣡
ѦɱŮԡϴȻΣһͷŨܵĺ˿ϴʸɺҲСɴ裬ڼ󣬶׺챦ʯ֯ĶױΡ
ԭƾɵ޷ҲӵȻ嶬ʱ˵ļаȹ
һ磬ͷļȻŮԿۡ
ȻϲŮӲûԭġȻŮӴƤڡĽ˶ϱߵĺŮȴüϸۣ׵þɽϾ겻ѩһشϸ˵ҲŴŴ˲ԭϹ˻ǵ޹
ƯҲûãѾаˣ˵һλȰƯҲмƣɴ谮ҲߣֻƯƯء
˳£⼸գ˫Ϣģʱս߽ʱ˧Ļ˷ʱȻ˧޵ң鰸ǰеؿǰ߷صս
򡣡
żȻһ²Ҵ˷ݸʲô
ǰͣͷҲδ̧˷ݾù¡㵴˱ϢŮҲȲˣתҲǲ
Цɫָֻĸֻ꣬ɫĸꡣ
һֻ˷ѦеĶŮһֻɾȤˣԳıء
δ˵꣬ǰò忡ӺȻ̧˵ҴˣλòǻĹô˵Ѿ˴һλѦмһصĵŮ
ţλϲѦҵŮ乲һ˵Ҫǰ˹ǽͷϣǻСɻôЦ̵顣
ÿɷ񣺡˵ĲȷǸ÷ӣͰ˵ȥɡ
ڣȥŮӴƣûߵŮˣʲôģ

ʱѦɱ˧
ǽߣɭɭʹشϣĽҲɱ˺˵ʽȻԺľʿһǽšаѦηͬʱͷ̲סӿϼռȵɬ
ֻûܴ»˷ô
˵ǰЩӳΪո˳ǣȻ˻úõפڣأ֪Ѿ
̫ã䲻ľʿݺһƲŻعĵ뷿С
Ѿӣһһˣڷѩãʣֻüһ۱ִٵͷȥ
ȴʼһؿŻò͸ֻȻ
һ˫ϲ岨ۡǡ
Ļ㱿ʱˣСܱ㲻Žˡ
˵ţЦȥϸĵ˽Ŵϡ
ԭȱע⵽ˣ⺺Ů谮С檰мƣԾ㲻ѦϵĻҲһ
֨ѽһԭͶݵ⣬һ˲İࡣ߽ߴӰڱǰӰʶһִ̧ͷʹߡ
˭ʡ
檣ѦɡһԼϵĿҶͷøͣ檵ĸףǳϵŮǴˡ

⵹ȷ֣ƾһƵ֣ҲȫȻ
˵ǹµıãк֤ݣ
ҡѦһҭһʹԼʹԼĸ׵Ĺһ֪
ĸףҲûκοΪƾ֤Ķ
ֻŴһᳪѩСʱĸ׳׸˯һ֪ĻӣΪͬҸ׵Ķ֮
˵ţѰż߳δȴԴϣˡ
ɫ΢вƣٶȿѲӼȦϵ߱һӥ
µǸã˽ǵĴǲ²ֻ֪λ´Ϊ࿴ˡ
һ٣ȴЦãٻش𰡡
Ѧһ
Ҫȥвô
ˣҪƻ˾Բã
ȴϾ˼ķӦģ߰ɣ£һȥǻ֡

ͬʱ˷ʮĻӪδӪⲽ
⵽ô£˷ݳǣǻû᲻
ȥգرͨվ֪ȻΧ˷ݡʧ֮£մŭ
սѦμ޷Է۷йȴѸ侲±飬ܹﰮ䡣´еǰƳ֮£֮ǰ֮ΣվС¡
˵ţл֮ȥȴȫÿֻźһ͹м尾
ҵģȻôã˺ͬĸͬ⣬أûܼأҵӣ᲻Ѿɵ£
¡
ֵʱطȴ˽һżˣȻǲʹš
ȥŵִЩ΢ĲǷţƤŷ⣬žķ
ŷﲢţֻ˸ƽĽŻ洮ſ޺解ǵ˿߱ơԻƽ졢׵ġӡ
һĺȻǸ֪ʲôȥӪ⿴
ѾѩͻȻӿۿĶëѩƿһ˶ĻȺɽͬΡΡ³Ƕ
˷ȥӶƮѩĳ֮ϣȻӰ촿׵ɫΪССĺӰֱƮǰѩȥ
¡Ѿææս鱼£ȻţҾճʱɺӾս
л˵
쿪ʼż٣Ҿ˫Ҳһ12ǰ˵ʵҲûɶ˿˫дûɶ顣


70 
һǰһ, ԷȻԶ۽߬Ƿս飬ֱ, ҪţƤƳɵֽҲ߬ơ
һС, ȥӱ̽顣
ѩᳵӼ򣬴Сӳ򻤳Ǻϡʱ, Ұ, ֮׵ĳѾг£ơ
ļһѸٲǰǰͳ֮, ȻӰ, һԣѦеڶŮѦ͡һ, ѱغװѦɡ
˾㱻ڳǽ֮, ½ĻǺ, һ۱׵
Ʊûȥ, ż춯, ʹ۳Եһ˲ʹ顣
ǵ
ô
ͳ֮, ѦҲһ۱㿴𾪵۵ףļ侹ɴӿů⡣
ˡ
ôЦޡһҪˣʱǱʶȴ
, Ҫв˱, ô뺺ˣҲûȹ, Ʃ˵Լܺ޻ۣڱߣغȥһĸڵĵطɱĸ֮𣬲ȥõ̸еĳ룬뿪֪ʶвܣΪĲȥԭĻ
еļڶԷǰѩڣ׵ر㱻ڳǽ֮ϣͼȡ˱浽һǻԲõģҲΪŰ
˶뻽ȻȴʱĵҶЩΣϢ˿ֻѦͣ梣㺦𣿡
Ҳ£һҪȥв˱ԸһɣҪΪս
ѦԣҲһᡣ
ʲôأȲҲδ縺һְٰҴ壬ΪҪе
ԣԸһǸⲢܡԷǳ׼˱٣Ҫв¡
ͷ¥˲ô࣬Ѧͳų¥ȥ߱£Ҫع˼ҵ
ѦṴ֮̊ͽҵԸһ͵
¶֮ڣҲûԡ¥ϿȴƼ˻֮ڡӱ¡
ŮԳǹµıѦϣûΪ֮࿴ѦôЦȵ˵
ǽ֮£һǺӣŭɶſ
֮£ΪҪ˼Щ޹ĸŮ
֣ǹһʱ嶯Լ¶ڶԷ֮ڣ¥֮ϣȴ΢ЦӦҲй֮֡ڿ˵Щ£á
ѽȥѦɣɫذɣҿԸһʱ˼Ǻǽ顣
˵ţ˽޹ǵŮ§뻳ʱڻ֮ʶػһ硭
΢㵣ͷһֺۣܿļˮӦ첽ȥˡ
¥֮£ͷ͵һݣ֮Щ׷ȥӲ¡
¥ʸ׹һߵĵطһڲƴˣ
£Ȼ˴˾ΪǣǳŲ˶ˡ
£Ҫǰ
£ҲϣΪ˱ģƻ˷ǳ;ϮһŬȫ׷𣿣
һڲȰɣ絶ʡ
ʹ˺ЩԲӪӰ¹ķѩį塣
þȫҲ޷֮˵Ĵһγ
ҹټı¡
˵һ£Ȼ²ߣȻΪȻ
Զƴ;гսԲֻά־裬˷Ǿǰαƣ˷̫ٳݣ׳ѳʣҲԹ
Էùв£һȴԮǾһս
£˷֮Σѽ⣬ǵĺڲû⣬ֻҪпԶ·ԮԷض˱
գȻȴͻѦ͹ֻѦڳУ˵Ա͵ĳ⡣ۼ
ԼѦŮûô°ЩӣҲ̽һЩȻʵȫӣ֤ʵıȻݲĲ²⡣
Ĺ۳˷ݱΧ֮¡
ԭ˷ݳǳؼ̣ʹΧҲѦɣ˰дݼϢµѦΪݵѾѱƽ˷ݣԼݲҲǣƣԮӶعơ
ˣֺγԱ֮֮
ǣһ߷Ȼͬͣݽз֣ʱ䣬ǲʹǵʱûѰѦڵλã
һȴ˷űո뻳ģȫǣ׼Ԯ˷Ȼ·ͬʱػȻʹؽʱԮþԮ
ȻԮòݺľ֮պ䣬ڶ֮࣬಻ԡ
۳ߣǳ;սԴԴϵսԲҹҹˣò⡣ȻʿÿÿԳǽߡ
ֳڳ£ҹգɪʹȻʿл֮һʱ֮䣬ɢʿӦս
ۿʤȴǲѡ
ʼҹģĺ˺ɱֺԼߣ֮֡
ˣҲʼ쵻档
ٵȵٵȵȣֻҪΧȥȻȻơܾˡ
绸ϣΧʮպȻ˱
ĳ峿Ȼ˴ӳǱͻΧǡ
۱нѣЪʱȻѣ׳ӪԶ
컹Ǻڵģ¶߸ҹգڻѩ֮ϣӳ
ĳǳݷľ޿ʼѣز׽һ˿˱ζȫ
Ȼ˱ͷܡϾ˼սʱл
ԭŵغȻضɽҡĳø֮ӴĹеһƹȥʿɱ֮ؾ졣
ܼ֮ȻʿǵвҵĹƣýڽڰˡ
һʱǧ˳ǽͻΧֱѦڵĹȥ
ҰտʼƮѩǡǴʱһŮ˱˴ӻ˷ŵͳǳǽ
ս֮ϣӲս֣Ȼ㱼һ㣬ͷǴȥ
һĨԳǽƮ䣬ڼķ׷һֻķҰ׹䣬ʱˡһ졣
֮һƬȴƾըϡ
ھӨĻѩϣ޺Ѫ
һһе߬סתͷǽȥ
ŮӱʯѪģƬƬʺѪԺлجج޸
Ψһڻ죺
ҪвԼ
۽Ǻʲô£Ҳġһ˿ֲŮϵѪƺ֤ʲô֤ⲻ
һ붼ͻȻСơͬλãͬĵ֬ɫ㵵ؿС룬Ȼȫһձѩһ֮䣬ʲôҲ֪ˡ
л˵


71 
Ѧٶ, һġнϡ
Ǳѵģ̧ͷʱ, žԼ˽ʵϡ
ˣ
ͷ, ǻԲ
һĻĪЩϤ·ġ㯵ֱ, Ƭȴ벻
һãڽѥ, ȴδĳƤϵڱϵļ䣬װ뺺˹Ҳûʲô
ʱ΢΢һ, ˱, гڶţҲδбһ£
ʲô, ٣
ѦС㻽
ѦԾ㶵ػĳǡȥȻ·ϣ
Ȼ˱ˣ
ҲûǲԸ, бһۣô, ֽеãֵĽвã
ع, µŮһκܿ챻ѹͷĺɢ, ŴӦ
㲻ǲô
ôšƽĿӼĵһ, Ҿ֪ǹĸŮ
û˵ǳú񣿡ȻмֲǸʹ, ȴҲѵˡ
ͷ˶˵Һĸ׺, һĺ, Ҫӡ
ڼƲԼ뻸۵ĹϵȴҲ˵ĲٻǼдЩᣬѩҲޱ顣
Ҳǡ
Ц
ûûֵشǰλֶǲô
ѦԶԣò׼ļ˵룬ֻʣҪȥĶ
üͷѾʲô
ԡд𣿡Ѧ˵
аɡɡʱֳ˼
ֻشŵ⣺㲻˵ĸĵطȺһؿɺͥסһ󣬵ȵתȥɽ
Ѧɹ˳ףһɡûʲô
ԣλָ鵭ıǱȻΣհٱǧĴڣֻ˳Ȼ㡣
ǵıвȻۣҪȥԭҲܡ
ȥҲǱţţֶֻλºͻֱܹ鶼Ҳĵƫִȥԭϴɵķ磬ҲǺõġ
ֻǡлɣĸǣ֪ġѶָжѹأ
Ȼˮݶӵ壬ԺȨΪͼϣ㽫Ƕ˾ɽԶĲ첼Ҳѧ˿ɽأŮ֯ͼԸ㣬˵ԷΪ
Ȼͥһ𣬻صĸۡȥӣȻϡ
λ΢ơòԼŮӣԼĪʮ£ƺҹǰ񣬶˸ۡǰ
ѦɱִϽ֮ʱע⵽λŻĸһӶ㵡
Եã
ǵģк٣պסڸУ빫չˡ
ͷɨһȦô
һز·ˡɫ̹Ȼ
ȻｻţѦҲܸܵõԷ֮ϵмǺ˵ྴ
ѭźλıɩɩһЦˣһһЩãԺͻҰɩɡɶأҲҵİɩӦü
еĿɶر깫
ȻӼ̣յܼĿɺһοɺ׵ܣǱȨȥģλȹ̡
ͬĸĸֻǸ澣û֮Ҳλɺλȿɺļĸĵϡ
ҹЪ˹С
ѦɱһƧԺס£ԺԺеĲöϷΨһս԰֡ӳʯ뻨ľԽܹɽһһɡֻϧ˵غ䣬Щľȥϲɹ
ѦɵȻŮ˵δ˾ס
ҹѦ粴η֦ͿƶҩЩ˯š
ˡһ·Է֦˵Ļ
Ȼ˴δߵǸϣΪŮ֦ҲһȻ;䣬϶˲ٵĶ
֦ҡͷ¼Ȱū澸ū澱ǹˡֻǣ²֪ȫţ»֪жء
ѦɵüȥĬƬ̲ŵ֪ͺá
ѾˣһգһղŹлǡߴ硢ûɵѾˣˣˣٺȥԸ¡

ȴ˵ո˷֮Ϊñʿ׷𱱣һֱͷܵȻ˸ձ
ȻΣҲزˡƽǾŮʬڼ伸ѪĿʣգǷطŮлٻѡ
ﰧ̾
º׺תѪ֢ǳ׺òˡ
ŮӵѱϵɰʯƣŮӵȷǹɡ
Ҳ˵׹¥֮ʱͬڵ˶ƼòһҲ뿪˷ʱǼѦȷϹҪģ˶ȷܲǡ
ܸ˵ڰ˳źãµķӦʵƽÿ£
ո˷ĵգ̡
ֻ˼פأģȫӷ飬ء
δй¶ռ䣬ճش񡣵ҲΨ׽֪²ǿ˿ġ
֮ʣʱ㱣ʱžĬĿ˵ͷ·ǹš
ѷŵ֮ڣÿҹҪĹ˵˵˯¡мΣֱӷ˯ȥˣѷ̵Ĺһ
˴£еѹҲüͣ˿ƴʤ̵ӡ
˷ݼĽʿĵϧôСӰǵգǻ±ȫǰյףвѲ֣˶Դ˴δʤ󣬱¾ҪλСʺ˭룬ȴУ˱ҵȥ
ʮ³ִ˷ݡ˷ݵѦѦٽܲʹظ
ӵȴϵºͣ˴жϾ⣬йķϣ֣ȥʮɡ
Ǽˣ
䲼ѦҽܵĴú໹ڱʹ֮еѦС
ر£ǳߡ
ʮ³ߡ
ޱصͷ
ǵգȥĴգУԶʧȥһӡ
鿱ƣֹҹңþֶӡҲڷӣжһ²˳˳п˲
ȵ˴ο˳µزǻԶһͬͬѨ
ڣԶʧȥ

ӶѦ̬пɣȻҸѦ溴˼Ϣݴʷȴûôõ˷˼֮ʱǰƽѡ
ԭغݵѦԶѦֵȻߺ󻺹ʱʱȥƽңʱûñѹȫսңξپʥ
壬䱻²御ףݳʾڣŮȫû̷
һа֮󣬴Ϲ飬ڴ´ɹص˽
ą֮̃аּ⣬Ѹ£Ѧ壬عšԱׯα׷Իܲʺ֮
л˵


72 
δд׷ʺ, ˾ھףһʱ, ڳҰСĺ䶯
ɵıʷ̨ĹԱ, Ϊ˾ٲ֮ͣиǲа֮ơ
Ȼӵݽ㱻˻, ֮һⱻȥ̫´˰ӣԹȺ鼤, Ҫɲʷ
黹ûǳǿŵоʱ, ǵּ, ӱŲ, ҲʱһȫȨ깫
ǰھʱ, ʿӵвּ̫̫ϳ, ŵֱӵݽǳʣв, ʿҲܿ챻ִƽлZƽ, ȫͶ֮Ϊľǵ䡣
ĵݽ, õĻӦֻа˸֣Ƥݣ֮С
һ䵭, ˶һԹǿ, ٿյ, ٽһ뵽Ǳԭǰ;Ľʷ˽һϼƣǾñʧˡʹ֮Ҳ⡣
˲ǹ֮˵ݣȻԣǱ¼ҪӭȢ˷ݴʷѦеŮڷŵǾ߹ʵǰڱ̻ǰְµùϵף֮˷ӲףĻ˳ȴ֪Ϊʲôս
ΣЩս˵ȥԶᣬһʧؼ䣬ǳ

ҽȥҪ£
£лZ
ɫĻ£⣬лZؿźصɫš
۵üͭڹ֮ĴָҲĳƬƬӡһƬۣȴ֪
ʼսգ֮С¹ε𣺡лԸ˲κˣ̫Ҳ⣬ذɣҪΪǰ
ҪлZ㣬ֻظ
Ҫһʣȥʱһ뿪ΪλȴֻһˣԼߣΪʲôúû
Щ£õһλһӡ
С¹̾׼ͳ޻װ̼ȴ˹
лɡ
Űųص򿪣һ죬㱻лZײ첽롣С¹ٷɿ潣æл彣
δţĴҴңһƵֱƵţڴſڱطס
л彣طЩζ
лZȼҵĺ⣬˾ţֱڴ䵭ͳһ
طȥ
ǻۡ
ֻһɫ£īһ΢΢ɢԺ䡢ϴɫ˿
㲣鵭Į
лZлһײط˽ȥ
أţΪβȥôΪʲôúû
һ䣬΢ĹӰﺮһ׺աлZνָӾǰ磬սҲ򱯷߶΢΢Ψȴ֡
лطɫ䣬Ҫֹ
ȴֻһȥ
£
ȥ
ͬʱ𣬻ŭΥط΢΢һͷ뿪
ֻǶˣۻعǰŭŤӣɱޣ
Цһƥ֮ŭ
Ҳ𣿡лZʵǱǿвɢǣٴȥˣúöҲͰˣԭ䲻ΪʲôҪȥ˷ݣΪʲôŪһ˹֮أһ˹ߣ
ѴӻĲд鱾ĩ֪ôģߵĳ¥ˤһʹɣֻҪһǰʹ࣬۵ȫ
ôŮɰ᲻һ࣬һˣԴӱνֳȥһǻֵģһǲܿģ£Ϊ˱Į
Ϊ˲޹ˣȴܻţȴܻţ
лZкʢһƫڵһ뻸һ硣ݺύ۳ʹüһ˲ѱŭлZס죬ưǼܰڷڵеĹϣһֻƱѹʣ˵
ΪʲôȥΪʲôúû
֮ŻŵĹҲҡбȼŭҲȥ
Ĺ餴ôҲ
лZѣæȥƹ׸ǡ
Ľ˿ľڣˮ¹֮£˼ŮһϮɫʺڹڶѷŵĺ֮ϣ˫־ǰԼɼ߲˺ۡ
Ψϸ˿ͼĽ˿ȥݡ
лZһᣬ£֣ҿӡ
۵ٶ𣺡Ȱñ𶯡
Ѿɰʯĥƽ˺öѪҲɾ
߹ͷѪ£͸ʹҲȻţһԸҺ
лZȥ־ʹ˶ס޺޻عǲԸ㣡
ǷֿˣҲ֪ģ
ЦŹкգ֪˷ʱδת⣬Ըһأ
л䣬꣬㵱Ϊĸ飬ʤҺҺΪ飬ϰ֣黭һ̣֣࣬мĴһҲһҺһʱ䡣һʱ鰮۲Żῴ㣬ҲѺһϣǰ̸֣
֪ԼĲأ
δеƣ粴컧кʱͦıǷѣһ裬һ˸ӨӨԣĵĨЦȡ
Ըһ𣿡лZܸʲôĥ޷֣ķԷ׷ֶҳݣ˷ݴʷŮ׷Ļʺ𣿡
˭˳ϣȴҪΪǵΪϲ㣡
ô۸ȥع׸ǣһָѪ¹·׹Уǡڼ֮ϣ֮󣬺һֻңǶһлZ˭û˻⡣
лZ΢΢һҭ
ºȻûִ˼űϵĹ˯Ůӣۿδεٶ˳յ¡ȴǱ̾һҪعꡣ
գֱȥһӰ
뿪ķطͬæѯơ
ţΪβ㣿۵ص
ԳЦЦ˵Ķ԰
̫ԸΪ˷ǰȫģǰŵؽڳС
̫ɹھʦһκлZܵҲϡ
еĻ£һ˶
ʹ˸֮꣬˳кĿȥ
Ȼ֮

˺һ¼仸۶ˣҲ޵δ򿪹ΪֻҪѪģ㻹ǿƭƭԼģƭԼţֻǳ˯
ĹһϣĴʽҲȫ͡
Ӿò£ۡڣһºϵҲòˣʼ¡
лZѾӡְ»ص꣬ع鱱ԴˣѡĬϡ
´ãҷݡ
ʱڣݵȻʵӡӺگݹ
˵˻ʧ֮ʹ龩ְʱ˳ʮˡ
̫̫Ҫֶָ˳ִƱݣȥδͨŵõдŭһȥ
л˵


73 
ȥ
һŭʮ, ҡ̫̫, һ, ̶Ц˵ǰôִˣ
ǰ˵Ѿͷ¡ԼڳɸݸпһӣҲûǰǰ, ڿҲûж
ǹĮŮ, һʱҲ꣬û찲, 绨ͱ⡣ΨһϺµ, ǴӴ˰˰ɡ
ʱӺϵʮݺݺֵ̿شܳڹ, æеη⣬Żŵй
ĸ
Ӻʲô̫̫, ֪ʡ
Ӻ, йЩ޵Ůȥһ˫ȴ˷ߺԹ
ԼǺ, ȴ, ͬЩԣһλѶ, ԼΪûк³
ôлǱ
Ӻߺ, ̫̫˵ŭδ, ڰ, ŸνǾһֻ̽񻨾Ʊƹڵ̺ͷſڡ
ʲô
˽ԵӺ
̫̫ڵڻȦʾ⹬˽ʰ𣬳Ҳǲ֪ô
گЩŮˣмͦôϲְѾͷҲϲ|׵Ĵ̼֮ԽòĶԽõȻˣһְϲӲֺαĥֵµˡ
һѹڻұˡ
ļ롣
վδ񣺡ĸֺαذѻ˵ôءǴѵıȽϺã£ٲġ
̫̫Ҳԣżɽصعȥˣͳ˧λãӦ
лҵıҸһֽĸѾ㺦ˣڣŵ¸Ҳ㺦òлҪ㲹ְɣ
ĲӰտտҲƲƵӣȨ޿Ըһ飬ĸŪ
Щõǹҵٺ»Ǵı¿лϵ˽·űȨлZҲΪջʦϣѩޡ
ĸǰͬ?N誹ᡢ޻ͬĸϸϸأĸǳҲֵ̫ѿĸΪȴļ̤޵Тġս޵ĵߣǺΪ֮ɡ
ǰһص£̫̫ɫ΢Ȼȴܿɫ糣ô
ʵۣǿ|ޣǿռã춼ȥҪͷ㡣ֻϧۣôյ٣к׵ޣ
ҲãǻţҲǶԴһŪִԲȥ첻ӣ
ȵԼҪĳŵ̫̫йŭˡ̱ϣпյػصŵĻ
ǿ|ޣǿռã
ȵسЦЦ
ǿռ|޵ķлZ
ǿռãǴķŮ洽ãŮΪβһ
ͬпɽӣοѪԵϵ
һͻȻȥ괺ĺ۳ϵļ飬л㣬д簮ף֮࣬ÿһ⣬ӲϣĴʻҲظֻǺս±ͣˡ
۵ŭ˽Щӽֽ¨һ
Щǵıר˴ܿ㱻˳³ϡ
ԽԽŭ߿Ľ˸ѪͷǸ壬ͨ飬ҲԶΪ
һ֮ͨӲһ⣬ط˽֮ǣ˼
ºʼټȫ񽳣ԻѦɵòջ

ڽϵĲݳݺɴůѽģǧ֮ȻȴǴѩδ
Ѧη䣬ȥ걻°ǶʵЩͷȻ캮ضģһֱ㲻úá
Ժսʽޣ޽еܻĲʣһҲࡣ
æ֮˴δ۽ûö棬볯֮䣬ʱޣһÿձ
ƽҲ˵˵̺ǼŮѧ徭Ȼƽӣٵ󳼣ѧǡ
ԭЩģΪ˵ëѪ޶ȴúܺãȴȻķʽȻ˵ձñаͺҺҲûʲôҲǹԹԵػùúãŴֿɰ
֮ӹòߣֻԺˣʱƵûţҲЩ֮еĴѦ룬øϽˣ֮ǰͼ̸ʱĳŵһõˡ
סſɻϰߣ
Ѯһ󣬺Ժ鰸¡
ѦֶĹΣݸллɣҹúܺáɩͼǶҺܺáͼǱɸȻŮͨ
ͷв̳һĨ飺úӣůЩҴȥԡ첼ôˣδȥ
𣿡ʡ
Щɣҡҡͷѧһ㣬ûüѧͱս´ˡ
ǻǳء
һЦʶһ㣬Ҳ˻ȥɫصץǼѾˣȥūˣ㱨˳ˡ
ѦЩΣ۵һлллɡ
ĳˣʵϲֻŮܡں⣬ֻҪúѧѧĸôʱѾǺɫŮˣҵ̵ġ
ĸףѦ΢΢ɻ
еĸǵȵߣ÷·ûйͷʵ벻ĸӢˬӡ
Լĸײ죬΢źȴҲû㣬ʱҲ಻ѵĿԣ߹㡣
һڸ뼸ѣԺҪȥ
Ѧ֪ԼΣҲԼϢسмһЦ֪ˣллɡ
գڼͣȻس塣
˴Ϸչڲϣ̽ȥļֻʣһҰ֮Ȩ㳯ҰƽرвУϯ䣬ؿ˵˴ʦ۽ֻһŮˣôȻĵ֣ս𣿵Ĳˣ˾ˣ۰
ϯЦһɲ˵صǸСŮūǹɫ㣬ǰǸɫҪ࣬źŮǽۣһˬˬеöǴ˴ϷսʲôʱҲֵܣ
һۣǳеƷ󳼣ҡ
۵δţľƱֻ赭дػŷ˵Ļˣ᲻ۡ
ɫһ䣬Ҳ˸ûȤϯһ˲
Ϊ˵޵ܣϯղԣæԲ̸εصŮΪΪǽεľ˹ȥ
Ȼҹұ㱻˷ֱڼкŮūĴϣͷҲҧ¡ӷʬޣָأŮūҲֻв֮
ͬգлȮĹ԰ڣӽһɫͷʮͷ׺ݵȮһӵϣ֮䣬ֻ೾
л˵


74 
, ȫصܹɽʼ۽گ빬, Ϊӵȥܲʺ
ԲյȻĻ, һһ²ɣһ깤㱻͵
չŽ, İΨ©ǧٵɫ뷢һͶ, ĺɭ䣬¹ʡ
޳Ӱӳɴ, ϸ, ֻͷ˿, ҲǺ¸һ㣬ֻԿ
۱, , Ŀһһת
͸ˮ, ҫ, յñ͸һ㣬ͷ, ߵףڻ谵Уǳ˯ȥ¼
΢, һֲֻͣں֮, һ˲, ָΪ´ʱ˻
ġ
ıʹվһ˿ǡ
һǽҿͬǾ߹ĿݹǺһѦ
Ψһˣȥ
һֱŪǰкȨֹĸױɱˣ
ڣȻɱȨҲȻá
Ĺ¼ҹˡ
ͷʹһ󷢺ѩʣ͵ػعתߡ
գͣµĹһƽ
ͬʱĻصĽ۵ĻȴˡѧŵʽٶһЩЦġΪǵı粵߼ͨ˳ĸƱһơ
ֱԣְķΪȻˣԼ
Υǿȹ롣
ǹҪ룬ϣӶӺȻ
Ϊܽƣ鵢ǿ°ޣ
Ϊֳ챻ԼСãþֶΣǿռá
ףһûʸˡ
ټΪȥ֮˿Ҳˣװ׵غķӦӱʹгĹ¡
ڴ⣬ԥǷȥ裬õһ鰸ϵĴþȫϣŴӱŭط
ȥŽȥѽ۸޴
ŭ֮£ǣϵˣһҵĿԡڵķطδӦĳ̾ˡ
֪û˵ʲô˵ҲΪ¶ɱۡ
ˡ
Ҳϣȷˡ
ҹ󣬻ۿʼʡ
·һ¼ҹҹε˴ӳǽ£μȥʱǼ£վڻ˷Ǹ߸ߵĳǽϣؿ
磬𣿡
ֻлһΪʲôҪҡ
һҲº䣬ٺʹ磬ΪʲôҪҴȻΪʲôסҡ
ӻ׽صЩӣ񣺡Ƕ죬Ӧ÷ǣǵϷȥ
ˣʱ̫ͬӣǳȥǻ
Ϊص̫η衣Լ͸ɽ֮УǨ㣬ΪǵؽȦΪȣ֪ϵ;УǶֺγǽѡ
еƿԡ
ʱҲμǰΪӣҲزȥʱΨһɫμﻹڣҲıӻǵسʮ꼰ǵʱ򣬼¸
ÿÿ˴ʱޱξͣ͡
ȻεʲôξܻԳǽϵһԾ۳ķڿм׹䣬ȹƮơƴػ֣ɱȥӣȴ·ԶźبӣһƬ½Ҳղס
ǵģȻ°ӳǽ£ξȴȫӳǽһԾ¡˵ġ
ѪʮǰĿĸԼǰʱһ㣬ȵأҵأϡ
۴Ӵҹ¡
ʼѪ˵ǰֻ״ĳɫʣʹ󣬱ѰĳɫҲˡһþˣᾫ㱣ͷʹѡҲòȡ£ͬǰʱͻصĽ觴֮ϻ
˼ܣܿע⵽ӵ쳣ԭͼɻɫɻ䣬³ţƲ֮ɫÿһݽĶüټ飬Ψʲô©֮㡣
ȻļٹٵʱڷǡֻļĳɫΪʺɥΪɣԱǰɫ
ѵһڹǣչϺȣʵ͡ײȥ̫´ӣҲδǷɥ˼Ҳˡ
󣬻񣬽ټ񽳱༭ᣬǨӪ¹
뽭˵ûӣڱ֮гȥ˴ȻĽܾˣ˵лʲô档龫ǣܹܵƽ첼Ϊ

ͬʱǧ֮Ȼ
ĴģĹѾΪȵļ첼ĽȴǴáޱ޼ʵԭҰϱ̲粨޾Ұľǽɽᴿ׵ļߡ΢ƬƬҶֱȹǡ
׵ձһԲɡ׺ڱ̵ĲҰ׵ݼʢŶϵϻޣѦվ£סԶĽɽʱʯɫȹԺڷڷ
ͼһˮ߹һĺŮڿʲô
ǺŮ٣ͼűƺ
ѦѧҵŮʦкҲȻʱ޸ϵ֮ƣšʦǡѧһºҪ죬֮㿪ʼɵڲݳϰ̣˿̾ϰϾ
عЦҡҡͷӹˮ๾һںֲ뷭Ǽ
ֻڿɽˣΪͻȻ뵽ɽ֮Ǻľɲɽ󣬱Ǵݡ
ţػͣȪҴ갣ֳĵ·ʻǰȻ꣬ȴѿʼˡ
Ȼ룬ȴȥڲԭ϶ȹİ⼸Ҳɵһʱ⣬ĵǷУҲūϥضЦڵҪġ
ʱѦ޸ʱĽϰʳţȵһˣҲӦʳҲࡣ
ڲݳ϶Ȧܹ˲ԭɵķ磬سʱձȥ
ȻƼصķ֦վ⣬ɫŵͬһȻӶʲô˲̸ʱֲĵ׷˳
ѦȴҲϵãȻ뻸߾̶Ӷӳ̩
Ȼϲʢе˿񡢲Ҷֻлһ̶ڱƥţıԴȥսʼжˣ̶̩֧Ҳɴͣãڽǰɹȥ˿ʹ
֦ôύ
Ѧɲһ˿Ծٲȥʲô
һ̩æŷ֦żǮȫȡȻ˵˼䱧ǸĻ뿪ˡ
ѦɿǷڲҶϵţ΢ۿҪһְץȥǲǣ
ǵĹ֦ŵؽͣңֻ̫ˣȥһ⣬һš
湫һʧضᱻΪսȻûʬ壬սﶪʧѰӦѺļˣսȥ
ãҲɡѦ侲ز㵱治߻ۣһţ
֦ߺܱ⡣Ĭ˰Σֻ૵¶ġ
¼Ϊˣָжôأ
飿𣿡Ѧ㣬ϲױĵܵ𣿡
ǰ֮ǷҲٸŴȥˣ
֦ǵһƼ˻ߵĹһˣѿ˵ʧ̬֪ԼԽϿҵǸҴˣҲٱ뷨ˡֻǡֻǡ
ֹ֦
һȴǿλ񣬳¶ЩŻ㱵ᣬ͸ˣҲǵ֮顣
˭أȻֻĸףˡ
֦־塣
˵Щ嶼бɫλȻҲʲôǫǫӣȻ¶ѣһλ
ȻҲû¶ʲôţ˵Ҳ档ֻίصѣ࣬ı졣ǲȻ
ѦҲ¶ǡ
ͷ֪
ȥڵĺպݣǲѡ
ڤţԭҰͷ˻յ񰰣ǣԣɫ۷ڷоҶ
Ǻ
л˵


75 
ͣһֻѸ͵Ĳӥ, ﻹǣݵĺڹȮʺӥǡ
ѦЩ, ڻδūСŹǣǡ, һЦɫؽ֦󣺡ɡ
΢΢ʾʣյѧˣͼ˵ϰ, ôȴ͵
ѦһرСʱûɹαģһʱϷɺ죺, ЩˣϢһ
δ, Ҳⲻŷ֦, ֻ߰ɣҿϰˡ
һ¾ǴĽ, ļɣԱ¡ؽʱ, Ҳôӵǰɣ
, 
³ǺһһȵǴĽ, ʱ, ܸӵܣ, ǺһصŮ
ǴĽᣬҲҪڻ¶һյģˤ, ٳ, ںҳ, ҹ㣬ӸΪĸһ㣬ڱ裬
˼ȥΨһҲġ
ѦҲ֪֣صͷȴһ˫׳ֱ۱ס˫ȡ
ƥ
ڼͷֱƥСԼƥɫϣϣƥСڵģʱҪôӮЩ󺺣
ץ
Ѧ㱻ͻȻĵ֣ͻȻƥʹЩǹɹˤȥæ֣˫Ƚסҡҡ׹塣
һڲԭϷɱۣǳ۵糸֦Сܼ׷תۼ䣬˱ʧڲҰ
ԽѦɱɿ֣Ҳһξ룬֪ԼѦֻԼЩѧϰȫƥ¿ʻƽȡ
Բ⣺̫ˡ
ڣʲôһӱޣ٣
ѦֻĲȣЩȥָһֻηסͦôֱʲôҪ٣ֱױȥ
ѹȥѹӲıȥ˵ľһ˲üҲţѦǵͨ졣
ţԸܵǾ½˶壬ŵĽ⡣
Һð뷨в˵Ҫ죬ƣӭ洵ķ罥ɢѦϵ⣬ר־ѧţŲܵĿ⣬ܿ㽫Ժ
ڿıϪݳϼۣһֱӲݳͷͷɫڶ˷ȹϣʥ塣ɳۣƬƬޣ
ԶĸϣһλŻĸŮ¿á
˭ȻͬȻװŮ
Ů𣺡̫˺һصãŮ
ԭ˱ȻСɺľ̵ĸףһοɺͼɺļĸϡʱɢġ
ͬŮԭЩ˵Ů㺣Ҳȫֻǻûܽ˳Ե֣ôʾװְֺޡ
ãƥ羣ͬ˶
ϱ˵ѳһ˿Ц
ȥޡ
ԭҰϣŮҲ٣߲⡣
̫Ҫ㡣úͬѦ˵߰ɡ
δűõİɽϡѦЩŵؿǰŻ帾ˣ
ؽͷɨţתʺǸˣʲô֣
˵ȻѦʶ֡
治ɫк٣ǳڱ߾һصãСںأֻ˵Ȼ̫Цˡ
ԼȥϰɡתúѦɵ
Ѧףٶ뿪ȴϽס
ҿϲúܣҵļպ˿գ˵˵ɡ
˵ţŮһ֯ĶΣʾѦɴϡ
ʮ־£Ժɫ˿߱֯ɣ׹ǵıʯѦٶѯؿֳ̫ģ°ɡ
ѦԴϣйˣʱձȥͼŽ٣˵ҪȥҲȥͼԼϰϺһȥ
Ůĺڷ趯һ𣬲Զȥɵԭϵľ飬һֱ뿪Զδջߡ
ϲǳ˫ĿǺŮɣ
˵ŮӰ𪽿ᣬȥģȴʳ˾ǡұǸŮūϣҪİ
ջߣĮ
պ̫ڵʲô
Ȼͬ壬ʢռ̻飬ȢĸȢɩԭ̣ȴͬҲͬղϰףĺ
պôЦŷʣ磬вԭŮӣʱҪηڣ
˵ǾǡףǴĽᣬԻὫܸˡǺŮһ㣬ӹɡ

ͬһʱֱɫڣȥͼżңӻѦɡ
ʱѦͬͼŸƥ羣˫Ÿı˫ȴСߣкºͼѧĸЦģǿֵӡ
һֻֻ׵࣬ѦѧһȺҲŽǵͼŶ˽Ц
ü䣬ϦתյŮɶϵıʯȴϵЦġ
һв͸Щ΢ЦᣬѦȴƼ΢΢һ죬ʱЦ⡣
ʮ㲻㿪ЦˣʧڽûŮɻЦģᵭģҲ¶һšһʱֳ̿ȥ
δ⣬߽󣬺Цʣÿ𣿡
ݸӦͦĵģͼŵİְ趼Һܺá
ͼһιţ̡̲裬˶ٷ
ԭϵһԶģ֪һ͹ȥˡô󣬻ǵһ֪Ȼǻεġ
ͷľͺãھͻȥɡ
Ƴһ׹ŵϷ͵ĶΣɫ΢΢һǰ˫ȡ¡
ȵϢŵ㡣ѦĪȴȡ¡˺ȸң»ظһÿġ
Ѧûжԡ
ܲõλ̫ƺϵ̫ԼҲĪĵ⡣
Ϊʲôأ벻ס

³ģȻһһȵǴĽڱϪݳٿ
첼ĸ嶼չԼĴᣬЩסھĸĹҲټʢᣬѦɵŮݡ
Ǻ죬ȷ˵Ů˸顣
֮֮ǴĽϣ羵İȡǰĺΣһʱ֮䣬˵ǶλںҵŮøУţ˵ֶŮФùãͬλԶ޳Ůмأ
һڷĿ
һֱӰϣԭϵ𣬸۸߹ٹ廹ͨ񣬶Χ衣
¶䣬ຮɴһ㣬ֺܿ챻ȼˮ
ѦҲͼΧһ衣ãЩ̾ƣܿϮȥ˯ҹǼѽڣǲسǵģҪڲԭ¶ޡ
˯óͼŰڴϺȥˮˡſӭȴһһӰɫڡ
л˵
ҶҪˣںͱ
ۣ£ǻͳ


76 
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Ѿͣǰ, ΢, ʲôʵģ񷶥©µ¹Ůϣյϼ͸һ, ӣǣ¹˸ӨӨĹԡ
˺, ֽ﷢˷ܵĹȴǴʱ, һӰϢĻ, һֵݺ˾ϡ
һû, ʹ˵ϡ
¹񷶥£ӳϲŭѱ, Ŀ˯Ů, ˯òȣü, ƺμʲôĵ¡
زת, ¶ļ羱һ첲Ҳʹ˻, ǣڱɴӰӰ´¡
ƽĺԽ٣Ŀʸ˯Ůϡ
º, ǰ, ַֻŻȥ, ˳ȥ
գѦʱд򶷵ĺۼѱɾˡ
Ĳͼţǻ˸İŮҹнķ֦Щɻ󣺡ͼأ
Ůص£ȥ˼ˡ
£
ͼԵһֱܺãҲûʲô°
Ѧ΢΢ɺϴ˼ǷĲ£ȥұһʡ
ȵʣʼŮŮȴأŮһͻسȥˣū֪ء
ѦԽ
Ȼͥͣƹ
ڹŴһְһŸɫĲٲ빬š
潣ߵδܿɺ̫أҲѧǰ˸ϵ볯ްݲĴɳɺ޵㲻ʲô
̫޵֮ЧºҴϣɴ壬¶ЦŴ齱ߡ
̫ˣǩ˹Ϲιг衣
õ뻮һʰɫ΢䣬һӣǺɫĲˣײ˿ɽžһ졣
̫ͷ¹ײæвʲôɫֱǰһףһŴѪͷ­͸ĳ
ŵüУܽرѩŭ죺
еŮгѾͷܣ·λͻȻ޶áӶؽȥ踾
췴𣿣
ͷ­Ƶģ๾ֹ¡ѥסĿĴͷ­ڽ£ȴǴЦģ潫ͷ­һ飬ʲô췴
˵պ̫ʲô̫Ҫ˶ƣͱֳˡ
ҹһĻĻЩѹסķŭȻͷױţʢǻȥͬŮģ˽ٵҲע⡣ϵļʱֻ¡
ʱ˹ĸԶ޺ףҲ
Ȩ㳯ҰѵסŮ
ݵ΢΢͸
ǰͬǰʨɢΣ֮ػ­Уĸ󲻹ΪеֵѣΪŮҪϲɡ
Ȼ˵ãǺãĸʶʽҹ֮µĲΣ
鸽ȻѰŮҪȻ͢ġһ㣬ϲ˵ҲСɺҪ
վͬϳ˺ЦһǳͶл̫ˡ
պȻ䲼ּ⣬ѦΪŮ
ҵżɽصڽɽ֮ԱǶӣȥȥĸĵطסһ󡣡
ˣǰ˷Уô˵ҵġ
ǰ˷ѦɳʱΪͼ˵˵ԼΪ˴ȥԭĻǸıëѪ
ʱܾںδӻ˷дߣǺ󻰡
Զڽɽ֮󣬵شȻݽĵطȻͥԶҲɼٲҪ鷳΢ЦףãҶɵġ
Цһʱ֮䣬·ֿǸŮӣڴκ裬Ϧƣϣ֧赸İݣ֮䣬·Ҳûбɵľ顣
Цùúÿ𣿡
ɫ΢ԻȻѦɻǲϲʣͼźһȥ𣿡
֪зʲôȥͼҲûͻߡ
ѣǰڻлңĲеĽã뾩͵ˡ
۹ٱųȥˡͼŮȴҲȻύĵһѡ
عһۣҪźҾͽ
𣬺Ѧǰ
;߰˰·̣ᳵӼҹŵ
ܸ˵عϽ˵Ĳڸͼһλ͡ӻ׵ˣټ˾Ůʽĸ׵ĺ챦ʯϣԺ˵ؾŮܣŮ¡
һ˶ȥǵŮЧҡ캳ص£Ѧ˸ǵĹԣԺͬ
һúģɼȸŮݣҾһ縺ŮΡ
ѦɴӴں
еһӦڸͼܣֲݵҪ£Ҳ顣
߾Ѿܽõʱ򣬵ǸԶƼɽΡΡѩѦ֪Ǹ򣬾Ǵݡ
û̫ʱ˴
ǰֻǻһ뺡ʳصĽεεĹûҪʲôΡڣ̳ĸ׵ŮݣȻҪŮΡ
ʼҽ顣ԶԭҽԶԶԭŮѰҽβñ䲢ûϵͳѧϰҽǰص̫̫ģٿļҽ飬콫ԼķһһĬɲᣬַеĸŮ
ȱдֽҲѭżĬдֽ֮ŷ֦ͼżѰ˺ԭеֲٴεʧܺ󣬲ǿ˿дĲֽٵΪȥ˱ݡ
ЩϾũһϲͨ£ڽиŮ壬ԭеĴ弼ϣֱ롢롢롢ƽȼաǲԭʵûϵɣҪиŮɣ
ǰعȥвλŮġƽ׽ˣΪǴԭҽ顢塣
ڼҲΣںòܰĸο
ѦȴǺԼǰʮָմˮһũŮԽǸ֡֯ǰ϶࿴һЩ飬Խ칤ߣֽ֣Ķʵʡ

ʱŶת۾͵˽ʼĴ죬뻳˷һ£ȥһ¡
ֹĵգԭϺ˳ꡣ󣬴ߴ︴ա
ҹϵƲ֡Ѧڴؽס˷˯¡Ҫ뿪ķ֦
֦
𣿡ʡ
֦ʹüĿڰȥ꣺Щ롣
ҲЩ룬ҲȥѦص
ҾͦõģҪңҲμ縺뿪
һԵĳĬ
֮󣬷֦ῪڣҲҪ
ʼ䣬ѦɵüĿһ˲ޱȡ
ֻҪҵѡҪ˯Ҫҷй֮֮֮ȥԴŮһ
ͱ֮֦һʱҲ֪ҪȰֻõļġ
ɡ
Ѧɲ˷̫ʱ䣬Ӧ˾䡣Ŵ¡һҥһ˷ʼ硭
һ˫ĿͻȻ֮䣬
ҥСʱꡢ˽绳һ˯ʱġ
ֻؼһȻ仯ĵһԴֺʼȻ󣬾ͻ꣬ׯھͶ᳤
ŷ֦˵ңֺγء
Ѿûм˰ңңٵһɶҲزȥˡ
֦ʼϸοѦɿһҲƽȥ˯ɡ
ǲڵġ
ȷǧ֮ĽлɣĸǡҲǲȥģΪ޷ܵʧȥɡ
ǰһҲˡ

Ľʼò̫ƽ
ݹûãݵȵ۵ӡĸӺگıڷΪۣһ볯͢ơ
ϢԶڽϵĽǴ֮գѾȻƽеս۴ŭټس
ȻһĿگԶƽϱߵ¹Ȼ뼰ߵȻüȥһˣԳ͢Щھܷ
ս¾ʹ˲ȥ͢ܱߴݣӽڶ³ʾϣϸѾս
еǰһգۺȥ񹬡
Դߺò̤ָֻյķ֮״ŮҲǲɢ빬Уһ޴ӻڷͥԺ룬֦ήһСԹԹ޼ſ֦
Ŀ΢˹ȥ⻨ôˣ
ϳǺҵڶտŵӻȱ̻ʧ𣬱㱻ᵽ
˵֣豻Ѧɳӻúûţǰȴѿήò״˵ļһϣˢص´Ƭ֦
ʵЩ档
æػ
ر£ǵ깫ʱ͸񣬲֪Ϊʲôήūôˮʩʶ޼¡
ҪС۵ȥмһʵֲҲ˰ɡ
ܹ飬Ǻ͵ģνġ塱
ռģԸ˹˺ֽСǰϤһһһһ㱼䣬ֿǸŮڴ£΢Ц
硣
۽΢ǹۿɬ
ݡ¡
ŵСͯȴ˽ɫŵسһźںĶǴӻڵģ֪ʲôĿ
л˵


77 
װڲĶܿ챻˳, 
մŭһ佫ϵͨͨ°ȥ, ˸顣
Լǧ, к컨һŮ͵ߣ룬ȴǱμ˿ӡ
ֵǰôŬظҲûһӰŮ, ⶫڴ
򸾱빬УԭͻľҲ֮, ɷ󡣻򸾣ǰڳĶӵǰ
˵, ô¡
ڵ, ˲ݣǱץǰĶ, ޱȡ
, Ѿ, Լģѵ
зת, Ϊ, ҲΨнʵг
ر£軨, ȷ׸Ȼʺģ֮£ȴ֮Ϊ
յϸϸȫÿ˵һ, ϵɫһ, , ࣬ٲȻǷŭǰס
ﻹŽսҲƲס΢΢ֱ¶æںǰΪ֤֣˵Ķġ
ճ䲻Ȼʺ˵ʲôԹ뿪ұȥ˺θʮִߺȻʺʲôҵʵڲ
˵űͷ֫ٺ־ҲҼ״һʱס
ˮٹ˼ŮϣҲſͷļǱͬʱȴһֿο
пյģصΨжߵ׵΢㱣ŽĿն˺
Ȼ֪ԵĴʵ顣ϾľڹУ֤һԱȣ֤ʵ֮αԺϵļƣϲ޴ˡ
ֻû뵽ٷִ֮󲢲ٵװ֪˻ȥҲѹִӺױڻȥϣǰ䣬ܼͬоûаϢ
Ҳǡ
ǶôĵŮˡǵĵһҲҪƵɱôء
˹ţûа취һΪôɱһӻҪɱڶܵ
ıܿʹعϺޱ飺
ˣμı޿⡣ҲǺʮһıȻʺˣǰ޷Źһ뻹ִԲ򡣡
̾ҡͷ⻽ط
طӦȥ
۵ĮĿںϣ
֪鲻⣬ӡǳŮͷٺ»£Ա˼
ǼĳͷˣҲȻǿԼϣæϲٶߵл֣л֣
ұΪ飬뵽İΣվǽӿڵĻ˻ȥϾĿɾ®ˡ
лű˴˼̱壬ȥ
΢ؿӰ
ԭһָһĶˣʲôʱǵĸҲ֮ˣ
ΪʲôѦɵĸһ㡣ԸΪ֣ڻ۵ϡ
벻ס
ľˣõ֤ʣһ֤֤Ϊ档
ԴѦλ׳Թޡڼ֮ʱ̲ס
£ѵûΪʲô֪ҲҪȥߣ
Щϵ˵ʲôɫһ˲ȥ
ڵĹӦͼȥȴ˵Ϊ£Ϊڱ߹ÿһ̶֣ѵԼЩһְغϲأ˵ķŴѹˣԴ潼һԴĥ衭
ֿ֪жôԼŪȫҲҪ񣬾ڷǼȥ֮ʱҲƽôԴأߵһȫǱ¾ȡܣ
ߵصڿտĴڣԵøһڹ˶ŵѪɫⲻؽϳ
ľڵϣδ
͵͵̧۵ӰԼºϵĹţ֪ģ俴ȴıӰЩȻͿ
Ҳô𣿡
˼䣬Ȼعޱ
ľȻ־ᣬȴ˵ͷ
ü΢˵ʲôȴվʲôҲû˵ֻȥ˵ƽȡҰɡ
ûеùһ˿Ƶߡ˷ʱûеȵǸӣҲϵĶ
뿴һΪĶ
Ϣݽʱ򣬻ѾõЩϻƽĻҽ
ط˵ϵʱԼ¹ϲ䣬ֻ֮ʱý㡢̫Ȼʺֹð籽жЩ񶾵
丸պ䲮ڣʣȷȷ֪顣
ط˵źʱֳĲɣΨЩϻеĻҽеƽ
Щƽѱյϻгдķ⣬Щߣ£ǹмɻնǰĹŮͽҽװˣֲ֪ںԭ
ЩؿЩдĲߡ
߲£䣬˴ﹺνĿ˹ĶԼ֯ɡȴ֪ΪʲôһѻȫյֻЩд˿ߺͷġ
Լ׷ѰĶԭѵõԼ֪ʱ򣬾ȫ˻ҽһʱ֮䣬ļζӣҲϲǰ
ֻ룬ʱյЩʱЩʲôأ
ҲûзӦط̲סʣ£ڼֵҪδã
Իع񣺡䲻֪飬Ӳ̸֮ȸְ޻ʱɡ
ڼȶʱҪҲʱ˲
һٸְǾˣͲߺ˷ˡ
Ѯ۴һڹԱɽϣʮپһϡ
ͬʱһżҲݵݽ˺
Ѧû뵽ս»˿졣
ӺıӺףݣƱػܵս²
ĵǣǲʹţԼΪˣͬ̾еĳ
ӺگⲻȻǰһսȻܣΪȻĸ֮أӦӵйͬĵˡʶԹеĳͼִʦγɰΧ֮ơ
Լ³֮󣬸úɽƽԭ
ںԣȷǸСջ󣬱ϾΪʥɽĺɽڳڣۻиĺ֮ء
ʹȽżڸͼӱתԶȻͥĺڸͼȴѾŮԸ˵ؾ½ŮߣĴ£ȻҪŮ
ѦǵĿӺд飬ʱš
۹Ȼ𺣬һǧ֮䵭ȴҲδЩ֣ǷأǽӺΪҪ
뵽Ϊ˶ԸۣȻͬԼ³֮ú׵Ϊһ˽ԸԼҵأˣľ
ڹ׳겻ˣһսҪΪУʱսܣ첼ȴδػΪ˺ΪʲôҪΪ˻گ˵Ұİװ׵ɥ
˽վǺŮӣԸԼĸɥ޵·֮֡
߾µȨѦʵһҲûù˼ȥܾԷҪ밢Ϊסݣ֪
ͬʱַһеĳӺ֮¸֪Է
úһʶֵĺŮдģԷֻ˵򵥵ĺڽΪŵıȴǲͨģصй¶ż͵ݺ󣬳ҲԲϳּѦΨһ뵽ڲ¶ԼݵǰѶԷΨһ
żдϺǰǰ飬ԭΪĸܻȱʶһһ˹ȷϲᱩ¶Լݺ󣬲˽ż˹ȥ
żִλݵָӴʱ³ԼǽϣַѾݴʷ
պ󣬻вӵݣݴʷżӡ
ۿգȴƻǶ͵߬ס˶Է죺˭ģ
żе﷨ǰѦɣ
л˵


78 
ѦɵĶϰȫ, Щ֮ϰߣϤ
Ʃ硰ԡṹ, ˶дԡ, ȴܰдɡԺΡȻ󣬵ڲͬ, Ҳ
硰ڽǻˡ֮䣬˶дɡڽǡ, ȴϰ߽ǰ档ӣȱȽ, ʵɺϵĿĵز
ŵ˻Լ, Թ壬ȴǿһ
ѵ, ǡ
ǻһͻȻֱֱ׹
ʷȫȻ֪ΪͻȻæ֪, Ǳùڳϵ, ֮˵ݣʵ֪
ż֮, , ݣǺ
Ҳ侲, üĿȻɿ֡
˵ûǴݼģδûǻگģٵģǡ
Ǻ, ΪʲôҪȻּŤŤ, ĵԼô, ֮ȻͨĻڽдΪ֮
ۺϿżԺĸʽϴ󣬿д֮ˣ˭أ
ĵʹѾڽڰˣΧݵѾϻؽǡ
ӹݵҪڴ˵ؿչսʱӺΪѵ¹Ȼȴ˽ԭתľ뽺״̬
ӺΪʦ¹Ȼ绢˺ڣ˫Χһһسǵؿչսսʮּң
ÿվڸ߸ߵɽԶķѦɶޱԼܾ˵ľ
ֵĻѾͻ϶ܾݽ˵ΪսʱǰԮ£ڲ첼Ͼӡ
ͬʱսȻ˱߾ϣսΪİԽǺͱ߾ߣرѡ
ԼԼҵɱ޹ѵİȴȥ˵عⲻò˵Щ̡
鱨Ѧɴͬ˷Ű뾳ڱ߾ԭϱѡϾıȻǰܾݽˣگҲóȻǱİգҲ
ã鼴פݵĻ۶Сδ뵽Է֮壬Ȼֻڱ߾ȴҲʹս֮ࡣ
ǺĲ䣬˺ģ
õлţǲĽΪʹǰл֮ǰȴһ䣺
µ˭
ر¡ϤƵݴʷɸ˵ȥӭһλŮĵƣ޶ʵȨ죬дܲԵģֻƽؽΪ͵ҵҲǰòŵ֪
֪᲻һλľ
˵ԭģݱµڸͼҲǴģԷ䲻뾳ӣȴҲǺǵģͬŴ뾳
ȥ¡
ͷ΢ʧ䣬ȴ룬ҲûпнȻŽȥ
ձϾôĿӳ¥ˤ£СλҲһȻɣĻǱܸǣֻۣ뾳취Ůˡ
õĵڶΣۼʣֽڳݱ뾳
ڱ߾ѲߵȻ﷢ʹŵټսҲնʹδΪǣ˺ء
ڸͼʹȥѦɣ֮УһȾ޴磬̬ȹ°ݣ
ʹ߽۷һگŮлŮҹյ١
Ѧ΢¶ɫ
δ뵽Լֻͬ뾳־дŹǲ˽Ϊʹߡ
Ͼ߾һôڱ߾ϱѣҲӰ쵽ֻǾ֮ͣʵڲǲʹл
λС䲻ϤȴǼҲģ֪ΪʲôѵǣԼǰʱţѾĻô
ֻװͨӣҪдֽͼŴΪתԻʼûŮ˶ϻлɡ
뿪ǰеĺĹԱŮλŮʲô˵ÿá
ԷԲĺŮߵͼţŮСʧںأԣҲҪͼŴз롣
ѶϢ۴Ϊ𾪣ʹߵлִҴҷݡ
֮Уȴ˽ۣѦͷ΢ɣ˽ӡ
ǴˣʹûԼҲ»ᱻֶߡ
Ƴһķ֦ɫݣ˫Ѿˮﻹ߬ŷʹͽš
ˣŽ۽ػʱһҲû
֪˼ˣѦ̾һȥ𣿡
֦ҡҡͷūԸڹߡ
ѦɳĬһϢȹЩӣ취ȥɡ
֦Ѿһˣ˼ˣҲпԭΪԼһ˽÷֦Ҳۡ
Ὥۻصݣںеļԭԭظ֪ӡ˵λŮǺҳ΢΢𾪣ԭѾȥĻҸȼ
ͻصŮСںسգԸ뽭ۻ桭
ټǰǷگš
һеһж̫ɺϡ
ԭɢɳһʮ۲Ļɣѵ
Ȼս½ȣҲֻýһĲʱ֮ԺȫӦս
Ǻܿ졣
ﵽǰһգݽ˵¹ȻͻȻٵ뽣ֺ
¹Ȼ뱾ͬʱ壬ǰ¹Ȼ룬¹ȻһԴγɼл֮ơȻ֣ΪԱҪ¹Ȼ룬鱩¶¹Ȼɱ˵ʱ졢ĸ׺ҡ
ⱾǱȺͶ֮٣Ͼҵļߺʱֻʮ꣬ʱУŸոճ꣬ɴ˾ֱӴʹ˹˳Ȼ
ǰдݵ䣬¹Ȼ޷ӹݽ뻸گˣδ֪ѵǰºȻԽǵֱƺ䡣
˸ֲյĻҺ󣬵ҲѸ֯ǧ˵ľӵֿ
ǲ뵽ǣԷ֮ڣ
¹Ȼ˶ڣֳ䲻⣬֮ϢѾãδ£ܿ죬㱻ýڽڰˣʼڻź󷽵ĸ桢뻸ݱɽɽһӣ
Ϣݣ۵ԮǳڶԺյı𣬻˽ģҪȥһˡ
ԭϣѦĶ֮С
׷¹Ȼ룬ɵԮδߵúǱ;иȥ
һλõĸӤΪչˡ˼˵ĺˣ
ѦֻܺӹʼڣǷΪԼͬղ¹Ȼı
ͬеĺο¹Ȼ뱾ǲĳң޴ǰͿʼˣպ޹ϵ
ƥȫ¹ȻսˣһڸʮǱڼʮ׳ڻݱŵҲ߳Ѫݡ
Ѧ뷼֦ͼǸõŮӤżʱԿֵܳ¹Ȼвֶ۵ڲݵš
Ұããʧ˷ֻ֪ڸͼǲߡ֪˺ε֮ʱǰԣĺڷƮǿ
Ǻˣ
ǻ𣿡
ĸŮʼԷδе⣬ֱ˸߲ңԷ⡣ΨѦɱǸССӤȫ뽩Ӳ
ȻߴȺдӵһɫӰ߻ϣͻȻξ𣬲һеתӡ
ϣѿŴҲǵҵ𾪹󣬾˰Σֱ׷ȥ
л˵
ĳߣǱǰã״ãôѧأ
hhЦȻѾ˵ˣǻһ£¹Ȼûɶϵǰľ˵ޡ¹ȻǽຣʡһǺȱ+ɹмźȣ趨Ӻĵ̣Ǿݡ


79 
ѦɱӤڲԭﱼܡ
۵˫εֵùѵصĴ, ܿ죬ǰ, Ѧηײ, ֻñź
в´СӤ˾ڹĲ۴֪Ӳ, ֻһ߰СӤһ߿־سţʼҲϿ
ʲô۷, һ£һһǳڲݵ, ȴȻ
ֻؿǵϤӰ, һ߿һ̲סʣ
֪֪ж㣿ൣ㣿ΪʲôҪܣЩ꣬㵽ܵȥ˰
, ΨĵģѦദݺһ, ۿ΢ɬ, ȴִƲţ
Ǹܾ˼, ֻǰͣפ, 򼤶ĺںһƽ, һ˫һߵǵѲ
ǻģģûѪѦɡ
ǻ˷±ɰʯĥƽôҲɾѪŮʬҲСǿڽ˿ľ, ɿݹǵź
Ԥ, ö˶˵վԼǰʱ, ֻĻ㱡
ţվԼǰ·ķʽĶΡ
ͬԭϺ쵤ĸɣһ̥һ㣬ɫ󣬽áǿϤ뺦£㼸ţ
ԭǷŭģɵ˫Ҳǵ۾վ߹ȥԾ
⺢˭ģ
ûлӦ۽æҵذοŻеӤΨ˫΢ֻεԼһ
ǵĺӣ
ߺ޵̧ϵȻ˵𰸣ҲڳѦɵʵ
ġ
һ˿ŭҲɰθЩǺģ
Ѧ̲סǺں˵˵ʲôҸ֪˭ĺӣ
۳׵ס
㡭
𾪵ؿǰԳãദһ˿ʹʹҲ֮ڿڡ
ֻ룬ŪЩ꣬Щ꣬ʲôȻӵҲ֪˭
ҲʣΡһȥһúøӵģǵĺӡ
Ѧɺ֪ŷӦʲôȴҲûͣЦһĮصҵŮͱûʲôϵ£Ͳα²ˡ
Թ
Ƕѽת･Щ£żҲûϢСʱĺʱ⣬ȴƫƫҪһγǰ£Щõġõļ䣬һδ顣
ΪʲôҪ
ͷβˣûбһᡣ
ǻҲ١
⺢;һλŮģ¡ǸŮƺӺһֱܲ˼СѪֹ۾ͰѺиԼԭ
֪Ů֡
뵽æִߴȥȾǡˣǻкܶˣںûܸ
ٲ˹ȥǻģ˵Ůθһѹ˺
㵰ΣЩӿڵʣ縩ϡ
طԸһСȥѰյ£ʱԭѴյͬʱعͷȥ
ԶĸϣѵƥʻԶԶȻԮ
ɫ΢䣬Ѧܿƽɫɽ겻ѩ䡣
٣Ͱɻȥ
ֻһޡüɫӥ
ѦЩԥѡĻ٣͸ߡлǣɻھǵءôãҲŻȥһ𣿡
˵⻰ʱһּܵ߬סѦɵָָ֣ܵ̽죬ͬʮָգ΢Ц
ãѦɻѡ񣬼ֱԶ
ȴǿҲδԾɶѦɵ٣֪ɴӲ㡣һнƾԼѡ񡣡
ԼѡǺһغŮ츣ͱ񣬻ǺȥһֻҲӲƿص񣿡
ѦѾԭأֳ߬סҲδʱȴһݺһнӯˮ
ĺغܻعҲٺɣѡȨ
ͷβΪȡ
лɱú֮ǰֻǱ̬ȵĺͻˣʵϲûʲôı䡣
٣Լã֪ģɴӲ㲻Ը¡ɾѡûŭҲûơ
Ѧ˫ύ
ԶĺѱΧϯضɳַŸ
֮еľ󲿷˻׷ʲô㶼ʳسŮ֪ΪʲôǿŮᡣ
ѦҲǣһỬա
ĺߡںʱ仹һ꣬ȴгɾ͸СԼ˵һӡ
ϲΪҪĸоֻһΪȦУһֻ˱Ϣɫ˥ڡ
ʱԭڻĴ󲿶ҲѵˡеӤ۴ޣͨ뺡
Ѧɻعͷһְݵ˲˫Ƶδ֮ڿڵֽ߬ޡ
ȴƵ᣺ãľǳʲôԭ򡣡
ֱۣӵ䣬ţҰҺŮƸΪٸܵίҺؽ̤ݣΪ𣡡
۵ɫѿҵӣұȻ˺ŪҴĹǶĿФģ
죡
ؿڵȴѦɡ
棬Ҳûͷ΢գҪڣصҿԸȥ
ǣΪҪ̤ذ벽Υģţɽ
ǳĹδĻʺ¾ƫЩģҲȫȻƫ˺һĵĻȴ£
Ȼҳã޴˴ǰҲΪ˾Ԯս޹ѵĺա
֣ȻˣͰǻֳ˳ء
֮ǰЩֳչ׾СŮķϣݲ׷ˡ
֦ѾϲشӺĶ˹ʾӣԼ򱧹÷תͷ뿪
ĳѾӵԷԷڱɫɷŶȥķֱĴǱϯضǣȻݺһȥ
Ѿ˳˺ԶޱĲҰϣһڵĳűϵĳȥ
ѦɱֳӵڻУһֱͷˮģﵹӳŵ龰Ե֡
һۣǧ㲻ɻҲֻҲΨı۰һ㣬§øˣҲûаַӦ
Ϊʲôˡ̲סڣǲǾãûб㣬Ƕã
ֻΪУҲУѲĿӡΪҲ˵ӣ㻹֪ɣΪʹѿǣڻ˷ͷ¸ŮˣʹΪȥ˲֮䣿
ʹڻһŮʬƭһ룬һϡ
֪ǻ˭ʬ壡Լ޵ͣ£
˵ֽ˴ӳ£Ѧ𾪺Ծֺ̣ܿʶ֮ô
ϸѡ񣬸أͷβй˹ҵԸͬͬ⣬𣿡
ۣ˵ľżȴҪ˸ľż
ֱۿ˾ҪطȻǰ£ơ
ӦĲԶȻ׷˹ôããһֱǲۡ
ѦۿͻأһᣬĿѪʱ΢׵Ļϲӣ
شЦһҲǣãһ
˵ţ֣ߵĸ˵סߡ
ܿ죬س̵ĳ͵˱߾ϡ
û׷ͣڱϣԽǡʧҰӰ
ܶǰԼҲ㣬һڲԭϱϮԶ޳׵Ĺùͳ˺ڡ
ʮȥˣˡʹȻȴȻ޷ıİ֮ԶߵĽ֡
ǰĸڽ
ŮһΥԸر˴ߡ¹ȻʦϣɱˣҲȫݻ͡
³ɺޣ˽ɱöãر֮
л˵
ϱкȴ֪˭ô죿
ѪĻȻԭ


80 
صݳ, ֦ϸЩʼĩ
֪ûʧں, Ҳû˵º, ͷ΢ɡôһûܿ࣬ҡ
֦, ȴǹ䣺
£λȻȷԹзǷ֮, ԹĺܺãҲûйκβΪ, Ҳ֮СҪȥ̹
ʵһĺˡҹͻĿ, ֦ԥŵ

۵Ʒƣ͸
ԼһӶ۰, ȴɱǵĺӣ˵
˷֦, ֱڵ޼䡣
齵ĵط, Ѧѱ˽ȥԺܽ, ɷط԰Ժ, Ī˵ˣǷҲѵýȥһֻ
ǰ֮, վǷĲ£һսͻȻ޲ʱʱߡȻսϵ۵ģ뷨վֻ뷨
Ժлصŷ֦ŵĻ, ߽ȥѦڰǲļι̵СӤ, ȱõһСҡ, ᣬڶԴױȵ䱦
žѴϢ⺢ӵĸѾȥ׻δҵҲֻиˡ߹ȥʣ
⺢Ӷˣ
δתȥ÷ϵı죬˵ǲ˵̬ȡ
ɫ΢䣬ȴҲû⣬ŪŮ
źȹ̵Ǹ˵ʱĶŪ㵸Ц࣬۶ЦͷȡʵߣǵɡҲ˵ɣ
֮ززҶ衣֮ڹ飬ˡ衯֡¹С
ɷнµСӤ֣ȻСӤǲֻʶЦЦһ̲ˮ
ʱѦ߹ޱؽ̺Сϣ޷Ӧһ룬ֶСЦŵ
ɽ֮ʫòã
ɽ޴ޣۺ磬簮á
Ѧɱߵ齱ȥƣ̲סعͷյػۡ
񲻶ģ
ϵЦݽʧֱ
˾Ϧɫ谵֮¶ţճֱһͻȻ
ޱ߹Сҡšţ˺һӦ
ɽ޴ޣۺ硣³еɹ顣
˽ͨɱ÷ĻĽųĵӣ幫ΪʲôҪ˳ЦĽ
û˸ҳЦ㡣۵ȥұ²گ顣û뺣ҲûѪԵϵ˭˵ʲôأ
عĿԼأ
ûпڣüĿƽѹŻѦɱЦ
һҲû䡣
֪Ͳܶʲô롣
ҹСѱ֦ҡߣֻǶˣ䲢ɡɺȴʵš
û죬ʱҲĬúȥ۲½յüĿ޳ָ̽ȥ߬ס֣ʮָ
㵱治𣿡ʡ
ѦۣĬϿʶ谵̶ͼ
Լء֮ﺬص
ȥḧ˳ķΪġ
ƼغЦһصҹúúõģһˣΪʲôҪǹȥһûɵ
õľĬ
üĿ΢Ժˣ뿪磬ʲôԡ
ֻҪɡ
Ѧűý˿Ƶ棬ܵĮ롣
ĺݾ£Ѭ㻪ҲûţݵϢİ֮С
Ҳû˵Ҳ֪˵ʲôáмǧַ˵ЩĻȴ֪οڣẦ˵ˣǰ˼ҹ˱ҲλӰʧǰֻءŮתȤ
ٵأҲô
ӳʵ
ЩӦ£üϸϸţΪ顣
ûгʴζĴӣżҹҲźůĻҲЩͲܻŮˣΪԭ
ôߵؿȥϣĵص١
һأʵҹ˼þߣ
ĮͷŮ˶ǣȻ綼ΪˣѵΪ𣿡
û취˭ֻϲء̾˵ţ޾ܾ֮⣬븹еĻȼңȻȥѹ£Ӧ֮ǰغסһ˫ֻػǼϸ崦
ϵһأϴɾĶСֺ꣬ЩǻصڶϱʹӰܣѦԭģʶԼȴ˽ȥ֮ҲЩã԰һᣬʩΪ
۱Цһġ
סһСһ·£δ˹ٹ˫ǡ񣬶Ĵһһˮ
ѦԭԼĺĿҲһһ߽⣬ֱǰ˫ϥ򿪣ڶ˵ĵһ䣺
𡭡
˵ϲϲ˼ȫΪ߬ĸо׽һǻеֺ̿
Ȼô˵ģ俪Ǵδѵʪأƴһ޽Уϵ˫Ȼſ޹ɵлζ
ãϻζӰӲͣ£˫һЪ㻬ϣһƫǰšط
㲻ú죬Υ鲻Խ֮µķӦؽ˫ϥԼûã޼ѽΪʲôһһǾͲԼˡ
˵ԼﵱĽǰŵŮأ
ᣬʧ֮УЦͺˣ
Ҿ˵ңӲ
Ѧɱ˵ͨ죬˵
û㰡ûϵԸΪЧ͡
׹ǸطϣȴԼĶʲô
ĳˣڣӲİɡ

л˵


81 
峿ⱻɴɸ, ȸϽڵɫ, ۺзһ㱵ľ߽, 
ٵĺƽǶ˱һ亹, ʶ˯Ů
ڣ˫, ˯۽˳ش֮, ڰ´ɵͶµѻɫӰӡ
θһĽλ, Ὣƽɶԡڳ˯˱뻳У΢Ķͷ֮ʱ, ˼ʵС
˺ܲõΣμӳǽ, ǰ, Ѫ
ţûһ˿, ٺò
˵Ķ, ˯еѦɲüʶתҪ
»ļ, ȻݵشϣԶûнǰȣһ𣬼ʹ˯, Ҳܸоճ⡣
δȫĨ, ȴֱ˻ȥ, ŨҵҽΧѦմһƬξۡ
ʲô
ü
Ժҹʱȱһ΢ۣԻجج۵ڿûѪ

Ѧһԡ
ǹɣ
Ŀȴ¶һѾ̵˿ڣǽ£Ǻױʱ̿д̵һأǱһǶڱô
Ŀ΢гɣڻĿУȴ޶Щ飬Ϳһûʲôˣǵĸ磿
лZµˣ˵úܣ֪
ѦһۣûԼ𡣡
½У¹ȻսС
Ǹ˵ĻȴҹŨ⡣ļ΢Ũĺڽȥ۵׵⼸ͣսһЩ
˯ɣøٱ§ڻ˵
Ѧûһ岻úܣҲǿļЩ߰׳˯ȥ
ۿſڻеá
˯úܰȣǺܶǰʹҲ֡
ʱϧ׽෴żΪ̫˶֪мһ˵ģ׷ѰҲٵõ
ˮǰһȥ޼ӣҲվǻزȥˡ

ѦʱѾһˡ֦ǷҪϴСӵȥ
һʱǰȥݴʷ£ҪѦ鵭Į꣬ľءšһȥɡ
Ǻҹ峿һĻĻЩ㯡
ôأ
ֱҩ𣿷ҹ˷ŵѵ汻һ˯һʲôټƽϣԹԵغȥعں
οǸûνáʱ˶㲻ϣһԿЦãˣͨ|ߡ
ǴǰǸ෽ֵСųѦɣҲȥôˣܸһЩ׷ô֪᲻ǰһϲŭ޳ãЭ˺ججعȥҲһˡ
ѦȥԺ￴˲ųԹ̡֦Ų˹ĶŪ
úƯѩĿ۵Ƥƣһ֪պǸƯС
ϺʵǼܷ£û˴ӳ˸ˮĸˣҲľ飬֦Ϊ
ɩ֪ݣֻǿؼҵŮɣΪŮЦſޣ⺢ӳÿÿһ˹ò
ѦЦЦҼġ
ĸȥ˺ԶĵطҾͰչˡ
İɩЩΣǸĳˣܿû˹ȥǺĳ֪ɻûУûгɻ飬ˡҶ죬͸ЩҪӵĴ˼ұȽϺãǵŮӣֻҪ˵лġԿη
֪ǺģѦҲûƽԽЦŵ˵ͷҳɻˣҲͬ˵ġ
ͺãͺáɩæ˵ţͷЩɥŮ٣͹ŮӣǾһʤ߼
ѦֻЦû˵ʲô
ԭǲλİĸǰͷ͸¶̫Ϣֻ˵֦ڶУȴ΢㶡
Ըܱˣ
ѦڷһȥתתԷ֦ȥߣտ
Ȼ˺أǰںûüµǿˡȥңûкʵҽ飬ɹһʱȶڸͼȥַе
ҲΪˡ
ȻһԺţ㱻סЦһôǱصķȥҲûУ
Ψǰĳꪲ¡Ѧɫƿʱطȴ˹֡
ǰǹӦ¡
ǿҵģѦʡ
طˣÿɷ񣺡ûҵȿعֻǷԸˣ뿪䡣
ʲô
Ѧ΢ա
ΪѶԷֻͣȥתתҲ𣿡
طȴ֪ڱĿеĵλ£Ժӵ˶ˡ֮ҵģαΪҵȣҲ벽ѦҴʷ֮Ůĺ󳾡
ѦѦûãһᣬѦʱôˣ
ʱִ۲ûֳͷǡԶѵǱֵϢô
ûʲôطǱ½ô˵ġ
Ѧ΢΢ϡ
ûȴҪ˵ˣҪô
תһ룬ȴԷġ
ӦûǨŭǡˣȻáϲŭ޳ѶҲһŵ㣬Ӳɱ޹
طȰǷǳ֮ͲҪʱˣʵǷֲΪˡ֪ΪʵӣжôѹɼλôɵΪӳ¥ϵӲǾźѪӴ˼һʺɫصУǰԼͬǾνͬ£Լɸ˲ˡģǰʱ̵˻ûãֱ佫һԴáҲƽϣлȨΪ˭أ
Ϊ¿ǣѵҲߵ˿ǿ𣿡
ĬԵСͷһغ˵ôĻﻰȴȫΪ˵顣ѦδЩѿڵˡ
ԼķԷУʲôϵأֻһ޹ؽҪ׿˵ģϵŮֻֺʱ˵ԶҲҪǳ룡
ԣָԼʲôϵأãȡû֮еεıҪ
Ȼ峿ûʧһĻĻһĻ޿ɱسȥͬ׹Ԩ֮Уһᡣ
ԣϵǵˣлɴ̵𡭡Ϊʲô֣Ϊġ
ǰ𣿲ǽһ
ͷת˲ֱѹ£룬£ٿȥȡһЩԼĳŵǰһѹȥ
뵽ѦջԴǿеصҲǳȥܣҲΪ㣬ҪҪĲ£͸Ұɡ
طɵؿһΣӦ¡
Ѧڷطȥеѡ˼ҽ飬˶ҸԸʮݸ
ϰʲݸַǸæӦ£ŵһºȫ̱͵
һ£ս˳֮ΧҲӦýˡѦɵͷ̸󣬱۷
ҹﻸ۴ڴǰױ̨ߣȡľŮΡ
΢罫һϦͽŮϸľϣϦΪϽɫļ¡
Ϊ˻֪ԼС¹Ȧס֪ѦͷҲδء
統˵ֻҪҲ뿪ʲôԡ
ôøһУͬһغԸǲԸ⣿
л˵
toСǲΣ


82 
ô, øһУͬһغ, ԸǲԸ⣿
, һ֮죬ػصСƽۣһɼ˵, ӳ㵵
ڿʲôЦ
ʮŵ, ֪´ҵδ, սδƽ, δǨһжδ, ܷܡ
οǱ, Ƕ㲻, һûб¶ʵ뷨㾹Żȥ
ı粵Цֹ, Ѧ΢Цף֪
ֻԸԸ, ԭƭҲϣΪʲô, ǰҪ˵ĻأƭΪжںҡ
Цִȴƭӡ
ֻһ˲ʹ絶ʡ
ʶʲôԭסĶɳָȥļӿһɴûйĿֻ, æȥ, ڵ̺ϵӵ뻳С
Ѧɲɫ, ֱͨУ۽δ
١
ҵػòãȵȵҵ֮һӦ㣬Ī˵ǺȥȻҲԸ⡭
ȴ룬Ȩǲֵܷġ
ûȨǲ׸۸ڻA˶ӿһţյĺˮƣˣ粻ǼҲ롣
ȨѿĸԼǰΪ˴ѹʿѾôˣһкȥ˺Ī˵ôֻ»ûߵһ·ϵİɱὫͱɸ⬡
ûȨܻסõһУǿȨǿ
˼ȥҲΨ㣬ȼòӦס֪ģվ
Ȼˮݸ͸翪ЦģĪǵô
Цһҹ¶ŵܽأҲǿҲԺ͸һҲܣҪ磬Ӧһ¡
㲻ΪѴѹлɣҲлвңǲǿԱӣԭԲǣһҲԵ
ⱾʵĿģЩӦֻ̽Ͼϲеģһ£ƢӦûᱩװɣ
ɣ֪̽Ҳ֪ӦΪʲôܾʱǻЩʧأ
ʧ֮еôǣʲô
֪
Ѧһ˲İݣת˲šȴǾɫòȻô֪
ط˵İ޹ص
۵ףȻ͡Ѧֵȵȣһû˵ء
˵շطɫڳ£ȻҲ˵ҲѹͻȻӡ
Ѧɼ˵ȥУ㲻ԶͷƢͷ裬ǿӣǿҲϲ£ٶЩҩٹңǺĸ̫ǳûòΪҲˣҪƢ
ü˵һϸȫȱ㡣ȴЩá
Թ߶üۣﲻ両Цֻʱãһɰһ
룬ôô
һԡ
ϺȻͻأһ죬һҭδ˵ȥ·У۵㣿
СҲؾܾ
Ҳûָò˵˵áǸط
Զģ˭ôơˡ
û˵ӦӦֻЦЦؿߺԭٻ뱻
Ѧϲҿjľ飬Լһ飬˵ЩĻ
ҪĻλģһԾŶʳԡ
ɷн£ĵ׵ĻЩ΢Ȼ֪ԼԶҲòˣ㵱ԣɫ֣صġ
ٹĺʡ
ʱЩɣ˵Ѧ˵ȴʵܡ
һΪͬΰɣżҲǣʲô취ء
εڸǸӣ蹷ӲӲûкôģǰһ۸ƣ㣬ٻԳѱԼһЩ
üտݼŵĻһȥͷҲðһʸһ¡
ΪҺ𣿡
üĿһļԭˡͺáϲҲɴ˵Ȼ޴档
ûеġ
֮Ѧɲҡһֱ֪Ұ˾˭
ǻҲǸʹ޵ġõԼ
ΪʲôҪ˵أᣬ˿ǻҲ֪ΪʲôҪңΪʲôҪĥңң㲻ϲǸνϲ𣿡
Ƿ̰˶ĸΪΪǲ֪ĸ֮ǰΣ뵱ȻΪĸ׶ٺôӶѳת޵ͷϡ䲻ܣΪˡ
ԣΪϲֳʱܸ֪˶Ķ⣬ѹΪ֪и۰ϲȫ˭Ů
Ϊĸģֻ
ѦزǿֱҲٿ׹£ڷźĵط̵һ
֮ԭʱ޴档ʣһˣûжֱ۾ֻǾã˵ͻΣͿϹԹԵشߣΪĸ
Բ𡭡
֪Ϊʲôڻǹղס֮ȴٴͷֻǰ£Ǹ粻ãԭ¸òãҶԹԣ㲻ԡԲ뿪硭
ġ
Ѿܹûӣٺȥˡ
ҲǰûǸӣԼãǿռǿ/ְѹȫƵϡϲΨһ財ҩ
ѦңǿĿ
뿪Щ꣬ʵ˹ȥһЩ¡𣿺޹ӻ˷»˯ҩΪԼ֮󣬹֣Ʃ֮ҲûôⱻٵĻ밮ˡ
طԭҲֻԹԹһΰɡڣȴǰֽ⡭Ҫε⣿
ţҲᡣҪҪغʱôһ˲ԥġԥĿΪһУôҲԭ
ǣ˰ղס
ѦϵһĨõġЦá
ѾȥˡֻҪҺãҾͻϲġ
һлɣǹȥ£ӡ
ظ
뻳Уͷ䣬һ
ʱŵϲúֻˣӵļ䣬һֺĿ޴رЩ״Σ١
뿪ĺܸˡ
ѦȻһЦľȻС
ɡ
ҲҪһҲһ׽ʵľƣ
ָĸı䣬ǲˡǣҪԼһЩǰһѹȵú޻֮
ꡣ
ĺվ
½һװ磬ھʿĴ½ҹɫڱδҴҲ뱱Ļ
ĻĵǼڱ鷿лZڵ¿飬ŵйδж룬Ҳδ̧ͷ
½̧߽ȡͷϵñ䣬ҡ
ڣô㣿
лZ΢󣬡ôͻȻˣ
ҹһҪ顣
лZ˲裬ڲ谸£ڵ˵޷
½ȴֹɨһȦڣ˲׹źļǶȥɣŴغãÿ
£ŵýŲԶȥ½زӳ
䣬Ϊֽǰ㣬ԸԸ£ı
л˵


83 
֮, лZȻɫ
ڣô˵Ļ
𾪵ɫʧ⿤½Ͻʳٺ», ֲ, ΪΣΪˣ
Ϊǲô½ص, ⿤½ϵȷǴĳӣǲֻǱµĳӡ޵, ¹ѶΪλ, ʵĺúܡ
ܻ֪ô߱ɱλİɡ뵱, ̫ӻڣйճ, ̫֮λҲ䲻ͷϡ̫ȴĪԨ̫ӵ۸, ӽˮ, ˵², ˭
ȵ, ǱһȺ׳, |˵ѵµľֵǳӵ𣿡
ȵѪȵлZ΢ȡ
Ǻͬȵ۵, ֻ֪ӹϵ, Ǵǰ˵, ˵ʱúܿ࣬ϣԾĸܵض䵭
ȴ뵽ȵ۵Ȼ˻ֲб
ܿת񣺡ǰɱȵۣλڣҪ߱
޵Ըַ½˵һ
лZͬһΣʧصҿǾ޵úˡѹʿ壬ǵ˰ɡ
Щ꣬ƿƿԵĿչԽԽĺ˽볯ãʡվȽŸ
ʹսϯ⼸ҲûľӪȥ޽룬񸻵ΪطٵĽ۶ߣΪ׼
Ǩ֮Ѿ̡ǨʿֻһҲѹǻṷǽ
ô㻹ΪǸϸľ޶ҡ֮⣬½æֲ䣬ѵˣ˵ôġ»֮ǿռӣȫ˺෬ѹ񣬸Ϊȥǰߣʹ֮֡
Щ䶼𣿡
˵ˣ
һֱĬлZͻȻ˫Ŀ죬ͬޣҺͻ۵˽𣬺ʲôϵǣǺҪҹ˽Ұ±ΪǵҰᣬҸ㣬ܣ
½ڣֵһ֮£Ҳ𣬵ҲΪ֮лӣҲѹ֮£
˵ŭʹ½ؿۣû뵽ᱻܾ㵰ΣųЦãһ˫ı֮Ҳ̵ȥ
Ҳգ֮£͵Ϊֲֵٻɣ
½˵꣬Ҵȥ
¶֮ޣⱱжӲʿӵȴǡΪʲôǵþأ
УлZҹأҡεţֱӰʧãлδ
ǿռֺܲޣٺ޻ȴҲЩ꣬ʵ۵òũɣٸ֯渳ܳѹ
ûȥ޷£ģҲȻעʧܡ
½Ҫͱصô̫̫̫⣬ǲǵӸ֪ĸһ

սδӴһֱ£мȥͷ
¹Ȼսֺ󣬲δѾԸֱԽֺ֮ԮԶĺɴ˳ֱ룬뾳¹ȻһΪʮĬΧ¹Ȼǰ·תͷʹˮѾ¹Ȼýڽڰˡ
ܿ죬ǱոѾϳ갰ˣԵĪ׷δй¾룬ǰ·פڽǣԼݾأһ治ԭݣô־ս׼

±սżȻļ϶ڽ٣өί¶ӣϵø磬δݳǽŭšҼһرĽ
˽ǵոݼǰתΪ󷽣Ȼƽָֻ࣬յ˼̻
ǰգһȥ˾ӪѦù緹Ժȥ
Ƿ֦ɩչܣΪɩι̣ס뻸齵ԺһԺУֻȥǹÿҪȥ
֮󣬰Ū֮еһȴķ֦ȻŻŵػһɾʱһɫѾˡ
Щ⣬ӦҲЩ䵭ôˡ
æ£صң㲻ڣҾ͹ˣҲ˳һ۵
æʱԺʱ̽Ůɩǵһ ۾һλŮɵķɣ
ǰŮ˵ɾŲһһ˲ţŮвŮòһԡɩЦ˵
ǰ
۲ɫؿá
Ĭ⺢ӽѾǲ˼ˣԭһֱͬ˵ģô
üۼһһ⣬΢ЦôҲȥɩƽæĸŮչˣͷɩӶˡ
òɾƽ׽ֱɩĻŭţæֵ²£õлأλѾչˣȻȫȫտúӡ
ȥҡԱߣ˳ŮͷҡҡСӤ˯
ɡ
⺢ģȴҲǵһӣ֪ǻδĺ۰⺢ӵķϣҲ̫ų
Ѧȴ΢գ
ɩǸĳ˭䣬Ҳûʲôͽ֮⣬Ȼ⻰УҪն˵
䷽ûƼϵ飬Ҳõĳ˷Ϊ֮βͼҪ̵ȥļơ
û˵Ѧȴһۣһֻ֣ʲô
۲⣺ʲôʲô
ϴ𡣡֣ŴͷŵľСӵļ۵úܣȾϲô죿
һԵķ֦͵ЦȥϴˮɩҲЦǡԣֻëϵˮ飺ܿ˰ɡ
ѦǿͷʾӱȻէһŵİϢԭȻҪȥ
ô죿
֪ô庢ӣ޲ֵʱ򻹺ãһ޴롣ɩæ߹Ұɡ
ѦԹصֽӹӣҡ۵ḧı
ĵİĿСȥ
ɩԱͼ̻庢ӵķţŴȺĸԵüĿȻͻأ뵽
ôϲӣΪʲôɱǵĺӣ
ܲϣƺԶ׼
һôֱҹﰲޣҲƻΪǽࡣ
ԡ󣬻£˼ؿ·ǧ֮ıӰ
䵭֮ǵؽڻУôˣ
ôҾ˯ˣ
˹̵Ϣů΢طϺ󾱣һֻƵ䣬̽ᱡ½
֮ʮԡ
ҲһԼĺӣòã
ѦۣĮȻӳŵ
ģú˩ס԰ղŻһĺӴڡ
ףϲϲΪǷӶı䡣
ռȼӦҲû˵ƣֻ
粻ǴӦңǿô
ü΢ֻȴδջȥָ̺š
ҲӦ㡣
ǿ԰ûͷӦֻһ䣬ҩ𣿡
۲ҩʲôҩ
Ц粻ǴӦ˲ǿôҲҲٺЩҩԣзԼҩȥ԰ɡȻң
л˵
ûõˣ庢Ӷᡣ
޶


84 
ҩŮΪ, ˵ģҲδ˵
˸ûȤ, ԼӦ˾ǿ, Ҳǿֺʵջȥδнһ
ùڽ, ⽡ǰѦ΢΢£, 겦ԵЩƣҲǵģǻ𣿡
۳΢, ɤƵŨҹɫ⻰ʹ, ˷ݵʱ򡣡
ͬʱ˷ݵʱȻ˲õ, Ƕʱ䣬Ѿ֮ʮֺѵõĺˡ
Ӧ˸ƽ, Ҳ, ͬÿһųķƽŮһ㣬ƽںѦȻ, Ҳ, ʱûб°ߣܹɵķ, ǲǡͻԸϡͿĺȥǰ˺εؽ
ʵϣֿ, ȴûһ, ѵǰ¡ʹƾԲҲѺ, ӣҲӦǸĸŨʱĲԹ˩סĹߡ
׷˼һ̾ϢһҩܿģҲȡ
ʵûа취Щ£ҲкӡңͲҺȵģ𣿡
û˵ͷϣ뵽ģǱµ㡣
Ϊӱһֱ˺Լ塣
ԭҲЩҪӣǲǰ˺Լġ
ҲǳԵЩѵ֪һζؽǲܵġվҪѦɣһʬ⡣
ֻǣǾãӦ˺һ𣬵ĴҲûжٵ׽ǿ֮ǰ롣
šյӦûǿ
ѦȥѵϨˡ
Щҹǵƣ˯š
ǰģ治֪⼸ôô໵ë
֪ǣҹﲻĲ״Ѫĺ֢ҹﲻǿ嶫ġȻ峿磬ûеҲѵģһϵϰߡ
Ȼ⻰˵һ㣬ʶҲûֻͣסۣͺ𡣡
˯ɡ
۰ȥݸֱƻŻصԺ
Ѧɲڣȥˡ룬ȥ̫ҽ̱֮¡
ϵȷûרΪƵıҩЩҩȴɱ֮ף룬˼·ȥҩӦԴﵽ֮Ч
̫ҽǵѦСʱҽ΢΢µ˼·ǲУҩֶοɱ֮ҩ÷ñȻ壬ºβùñأ
۴Ӻӻõ£䲻ڹڣĸ̫ͬҽ֪ġ
ȻҲ̫ܵҽòϺȣɫԲȻƲȥӲãЩ£µľ°ɡ
޺ҲᣬʱҪӡ
Ҳǡ
̫ҽ롣
չСֳõģǴСԪˣҲ֪⼸꣬룬ûãܲܵá
ˣҪصڻʵ۵ĸô
ӸԷʵ۵һһ⣬һ߾ȫΪ·ǡ
˱飬ʱѦɷŷ֦ǱԺл̫ҽ΢΢ס
Ƭ̵ȻЩϡ
Ǹ𣬻ȥ̫ҽ񲻻ơ
Ӷȥʱ̫ҽʣµ۾ôˣмζҩĻ۾ҩ壬ⷽӡ
۾
۾ôˣ
Ѧ΢΢󣬲ɵפֳûʲôҩѾֻ࣬Ҫƣҹܹġ
⼸ھӪҩȻ֪ҲֱʱŻعζΪʲôЩﵫЪУǸ
۾ǻ
̫ҽѾҩˣֱͣȥ
ûϵͻȻҲò׼ŵĶԻȥ˶٣ɫؽҩ𣬵һЦôˡ
̫ҽͬ£ѦɺһۣŮҵȻúһ
ԣⱧһڣ
΢ĿһϣȵػѦɱЩգ˵źӱȥ޼䡣
֦͵͵򴽣˴ȥˡ
һٷҲǳԵóĬֻѽ庢ӵ赣ѩյػӰڵˮ
˵ҲͲ˵ʲôĬԼǷݣ󣬱һֱ԰ؿ㱼侹ǺӵĴнӯЦ⡣
ɡȳԻ
Ѧû콫ӽιԼš
ҹɩȥˣСţ飬ں䣬Ǳߵĸˮʱţˮżܾϼ
Ȼ߱չӤΪѾιúˣСʣι˼ȥȫžžવ˳Ƶ۷ϣ˵ɫʱڳɫ
СҲƸ֪Сһ񣬾Ǿֱ۴ޡһʱ䣬ᡢͲ³ˮȫϣ޴ؿá
ūɡ֦æӹȥš
Ѧ
Ȼ쵽죬ûһõġ
ʲô
һʱ֮䣬Է˼Ҳûˣ֦ͬһûһµĺӵֳ
֦һЦҪ㹫ȥתתɡҹݳȼƻᣬɩ˵Ưءūչ˾ͺá
гɡ
ҹﲻҹΣãĵط·
Ѧȴ̾˿Ҳá
뺺أҲûпˡģԭӴӴպҲָܸõݣʲôҲãʵǲٽӴӡ
ڰ³ҹĻ赣е硣˰ڷŻƵĳЯƵˡ
ţƻЦ縡ƣһŵڵƺȺƮȥ
Ѧǣֳ֣˺糱ĵϣѩơ÷ơơˮʶЩ
ȼƵϰףԪԪڽȼƣʱҲ͵͵ȥڼϿƵġʱƢŹ֣Ҳֳֻ۰
£Ը룬תһյƣǿԼӻ
ĵƻǵһμɩ˵еһϰףѽڣԲԲȼҲΪͼžۡ
еĴ֮⣬ҲѾȼƴ˵ƵȺ
Ѧɿó񣬻ȴԶûǰɡΪҹäַ֢ˡ
ϻ࣬͸죬ȴΪãӰӰѳɺڰڹʱްӰ԰ڰͷĿʹ
ЩԺƳɵĻƣѪ㵹˫ĿÿһäҹУܾ̤Ԩ֮ϣʮܡ
ˣԭѦɣѦƿó񣬲ע⵽
ѦһƷ̯ǰͣסѡ̯ϰڷŵļΡŮӶϲЩµСҲ⡣
һ̵֧ܽӣ䲻繬о£ʤСɡ̧ԣȴҴɡ
Լ߬Ѿ˱ƫǿ򶨡
뿴װʲôʱ
ļ丹̣Ʋ̹ײͺΪʲôǿŲ˵أ
۳΢΢ӣСزͷŨܵƼ䣬ҲǷ˶Է
ѦɶԾӣΨ̾
߰ɡ
ٹƻᣬʱȥδеƣһƬڰ۾ѣ֮ʲż˲١
㲻𣿡
ƽʡ
ˣȥɡѦɵ
һ٣΢ָ¹ḧüۣ
۾ǲҹ￴
л˵


85 
۾, ǲҹ￴
ۿʱ򣬻۵ҲƸһ, ·Ĳü, ߬סࡣ
ɫ΢֣Ҫȥûе£ã
û𣿡
ѦȴŲ, ųɫһһ㸧ü, ֪ģ˵շط˵ġԼʬ塱ʱѪ
̲ס̡
ô, ǲҲϲϤ, лɡĸǻҪϤ
Ǹѽ
Ȼ֪, պΪԼҽС, ҾͬλԴ֮һ롣˱͸ϸ, ֪Ҳ˯꣬һȥ
Щǰ, Ѧɱ˲֪, ֻء̾һ, 𣿡
ۼһ类˴촦һѩˮ
㶼Ѿ֪ˣѭķ
û˵ҲûϣֻʣΪʲô˵ʵء
ףСҲҪΪʲô
ûʲô󰭵ġ۲ԥ, ƽȥ߬, Ѿںת, ֻվæŸˡ
ͷѹļЩԺ󲻿ۡ
֪۵ʮ
ͻһ䣬ѦЩĪʲô
Цһĵʮԡ
⼸Ѿ̫ͬĹأƩ粻ҷƢǰ˵̫ŶʲôֵֹĹҲС
Ǵǰ˭ԼضͷڣȻñҲЩܡ
һ䣬˵ڹһѦһ죬յرȥ㣬㰮۾ֺûϵ
򴽡
谵飬Ҳ֪һ
վģֻǲԸϰˡ
ܿͣ£ѦʮĬһ˳
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Խ̽ӣЩãȻһȦ
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ֻһ䣬Ѧݳķطɫ
˶һۣѦɷȥǰСһЩűȿˡ
ȱõĳʲ³һؽ̤ʱվȣ˴ӶѦϣ벽ſ˷סˡ
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ǽȥɣǣ㡣ºʾطȥ̫ҽ
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ԼѯʱĲ˵аʱҩںתȥһ˾ͳ̫ҽʮ
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Ҫű£ٱۣҩôȥµ۾Ǻò˵ġ
Ѧ֪۵ǿȵģź󣬻Ҫڵ´һʱ񣬻ǾǴӾǼĹͨ
֪۾ˣֻǱԹ̫ƶѣܹҲ뵽ΪԼ嵽̶ȡ
֮۾ĲҲԼһĹϵһʱ֮䣬Ѧʮָӡ
֪ˣлл̫ҽӦ£̫ҽȥ
ٻصʱŮȥҩֻ·ط⣬УһڴǰЩãȻضŴķ
濴ˡ
ջúõģȻԳȥһˣǵƻϱĵƹ˵ֻۣǱɫ̼ǰͬ˲ɫɴﶼ
ǸƿǿˣʧӾʮֵûаȫУο಻ڣʮֵֻ۾뿪·֪зطڣⲢܡ
ѦɽʱƼıãȻ޴롢ȾϻҵģһˣҲ¶飬Ǹ·Զ޼᲻ݵֳǸӲǧϻءؽķľȥԶ
¹кᴵȻµī۷ɣ˪ѩյòɣִС
εĵ̾Ϣ˹ȥ
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ֻ˷Ծ졣֪ȥȷسķ΢΢
ҡӦһ߹ˣͽҽˡҪҶòã
ǿǰδеᣬʱҲûĿնķ򣬼ǰȴҲֻһĨõӰӡ
뿪
ʡ
˵ڣһЩ𣬵ͬʱҲʮ֪ϲЩ£õģᰲء
˵ǲˣǿġ
գ۵ĸԱԺ֪ۼݲ֮¡
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۱ͣһ£ܰʵԼԼΪ˲ȶѦ̫ҽĽǰ˿ʹۡ
ÿգɷطĳʽѦ
֮⣬ѦɻҪչճӣҩ
ϲϳϣÿÿֻҪ뿪Ƭ̱Ȼţÿգ뿪ԺȥԺһʱѰʱ
ݵʧʹҲ𽥱ü꣬ͬʱûʧɹʱãڣƲסؽ꣬ϵ׷ŮȥȻ󲻶ϵش˹Ѱ
һϣѦȥԺпЩƼдƢϵһء
طⲻŮսսڵϣҩҲҵϡ飬ƬѣҩȫҩĿɬϢ
Ѧ𾪵߽ʲô
ŭӦֹ˫޴ش࣬ķ
ǲҳȥƬ̺ŵ΢ƣԵȱ
ѦƼеǽ壬־Ϊãȿܳȥʲô˵ˣҪӣͷƢ̫ҽҲ˵Ҫ꣬ʱҩڷʲô裿
֪δڱ⣬ֻЩ˵棬ҲһӲ
һŮݣѵú޻֮Ǻ£ڹܿ£ط뿪˳ֽŴˡ
ֻʣǶˣصǽҲδŮʰѦʰİֻҩ룬棺֣Ҿ÷طѸ
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ȥ㡣
һֱû˵ͻȻڣЩƣǲҪߣ
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Ѧ΢㵣˫޴ط࣬վûлرס
óϣһûжô񣬷Ҳһ֮
ϲֱҪĸоΪоһõˣһֻ˻Ľ˿ȸ
ڣָоֻˡ
СʱӲãʱȾ纮գ񹬵Щ꣬ÿһΣϤչµʱʼҲûܡ
ÿһϺҩһһҩغźȥʱľã϶õˣĸҲ
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86 
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˵ʲôˡʵǰػŮ
ָˣڲĴ, εش˸Ƿɢ¶, ŨúһŨīزʵĻ
⼸½ضЪ, Ҳ֪ôģӽʼӱ, ͳ˯ҲرߡǼס, ÿټ˼, ʿɾ¥в֪صʲô
Ĵ̽, ȴؿƿ, һҲ˵
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ʦ˸ۣԼѾ߽Ͳʱ̽š¾ǽػʱ
ЩţڳҲūū˵ʲô¡
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̫ƽʱµ, ֲ, ıȨʲôҪζ᣿
ʦ뵱ز, ȥ취Ūǵʲô
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һæŲŴһ·Դһ˲ǰһѷĽѾ˾ǰ
ʦͽͰɡΪ׵ԽָĺӸµ|İɣ͵̸
ʦ볤ɢصڵأūeϵĹѷڽְһ亹Ȼ
ѷʦ룬ʵȴ˵½ءȻʦʲôЦת½أ½ɣ˵ôɡ
¶ҲЩ˼ֵǼ㹲̴ƣô|͵õ͵ôֱ˵
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̹̹ѷЦһҲҡ
ҲգȻͬһϣҾ½һΡɲҪһΣˡ
Ȼ½ص
ջؽĿζŮתأתЦ½ؼ米߳š
ڣΪû㡣
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ᣬ½ѷ˺ٻصУѾѣĽ˿ڡ
һ䣬ʾ̴ӽȥ
һ˿η壬ת˲糣½ڰ£ִһָֻȦ
Ҫ𣿡һʵƽ
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кһ˲ľţδԣ½̧룬ʵܺҰɡ
ΪʲôҪ㡣һԥֱ۾һһٵ˵·һʼԼѡġοҾ·Ҳûʲôãﴩٹ˼Ҳţӣܺá
ӲɹֻǺ˵ʲôˣҲ˵ȥġûôҺӷ׷ǹʵģΪʲôҪƫûӣҵӲŲù
иɻݼЩ꣬ڷ³ġ½ΨĵԳһЦ֪ʲʲôģָĿڣ
ҿԷߡ
һټѼִ񲿵ԣ練֮¡
¥ΪߣЩûճһһҲ֪ЩʿӵԹѾ޷͵ĵز񻹺ãʧܣһᱻġ
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ȸӣȻҪһһġǰ·ãǵɽ𺣡
üĿˣ̧벻ţŽ֮£ȷֻǸᣬֻǺǵʲôҲߣһʱͿų²ߡ
ҲûʹӣҸҲʮˣӴͲҡԹԹޣ˵ԹޣǰҲȷԹ޹ӳңֻúõߡ
ţϥϡۿˮʪ˵۷
½ļֽһ˿ȥ΢΢ͷˣҲˡ
룬һΣĪҪҡ
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˼ɣɽ˵λлҲһᱻڡ
ڹλѹʿı½ؼΪľûмֳ羴
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һ⣬ȥ֪£ǰԤ
ʱ֮Ƿȴ䵽½ϡ
ūŴȣŵѾߴðϤּĿһ˺˸顣

ϣݡ
һԭŨ޵ﾰʼţܿƷ·ѹ˵ϡ
۵ۼδȫʲôһɴӰ죬ƢҲϲŭ޳δתƢЩ֮ϣѦ˺üβʵЩ
ȻֲǼõģ̫ҽҲ˵Ҫ佾꣬Ѧֻֽϵϣۣʧ
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չ⼸ûȥϱǷѽѦĵױԹ
äһֻǶʲôҲЩ׺ݲĳܡ
һΣŮۼҩһںҩѦɲһ䣺ʲôҩ
۴Ƶڰǰ˫ִϥϣӵġ㲻ҪҺ𣿡
Ůڣ΢˳ȥѦһ㶣̶һ죺粻Ǹǻƣ˻š
ΪԺŵģϾ̫ҽ˵ҩҪȷһʱŻЧҲδֻͣ
Աѵ㲻֪һӲ㡣
ôԳˣѦһԡʱЦ˵ˣôˣѵپͲ룿
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˵ҲûӦΨǶķ΢Ц, Īͨͨһ絽û˵
ǺϤ, ֿ˺ܶǰί, ΢΢һЦѭż佫뻳, ͷϡ
ԺˡǼӯҵ㣬ļȫǰ, Ҳ֮, ԺٵģҪһҶ, ȥĴ˺, Ҳᾡֲߺ𣿡
, ҡ
Ǵǰܻ˵㱰΢ĻЩ⼸ĥʵʧȥӣһҲܳܡ
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ʼԹ޹ӤΪʲôΪʲôҪռôʱ䡣Ͳ̳ȥԼΪʲôҪǡ
Ҳʼǲδĺ/ҪռôɲҪӡҲֻҲǺܺõġҪûӹ̸Ҳһ
֮ʧȥκҲܽߴߣԼ
Ѧɻ֪ЩŤ뷨úܽͷϣ
ֻܺҿԺ͸һ𡣡
ǣҪӦңǿԼϲ£Ҳ˺

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ҵȻӦ⻰ǰ˵𡣡۲˼
΢΢⡭ϴβһ
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Ѧ΢΢סܽػƵκ졣
Сʱصҵϣ˫ţȻۼ
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µȴԼռ˵ĴԹԼϴʵؾܾҲˣôһϹء
١ֻмδ𣿡
յͷȥɡ

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깫壬ǲһҽ߳ҽǰΣҽʯ󺣣ʼûϢ
깫б䣬ǿѲԱݡһֱµףʼϢлZˡ
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ӷѾĲš깫ʶһԤıѱ䣬ţܱɽ֮
ɽҽս֮ʱ֮͢У½ȴһʿ֮ףۿ˳ܹĴš
ּ̫ܲ
ϳʿ֮ףһհ׵گ˹ˮשĵذϣţزɥһ޾̫¾
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ʱͳһͳЮ½ϼ壬ָӣ͢Ҳ񡣾ȵ״ϻأ˭ţ
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Ϊµĵʮһӣ״ϻۣˣĸ壬֮Ϊۣٺʲ̫öᡣ
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Ϊ, ѾϢʱǱȫǽ, ԼţȴڹеĹԱ, Աڼд, ½ʱȴ빬ͼı
֮, ҲһǵӦ
Һ͵һȥ
ҴҴùһ磬侲߳лԵ޹ʵطѾȴű²ĿںţڳûӦǲܵ, Ҳȡùĸ֧, , ֪ʲôˡ 
СҲؾܾˣ̫ΣˣǼߵܹĹţһбڼУĶҲȥ
¾ͷȥɡȴµǰҸ˵İΣʲôңйĸڣҲҶô
ͬ⡣
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ţ
|ѷУ̫Ĺ췴𣿡
췴ӦŶԡѷ˿壬Ȼֱ¾δǸ˴̫ȫֺδ֮У֪ûо̫أ
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һֻ첲֮Աһˮ¹⸡ȴʲôҲû˵Ծɿѷ
ϾǸŮӣôΪʣѷһ˼ЦͬȻ
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˵͵ģ̫Ȼת䣬ôΪ˵ͣôģ֪ɱҵĬA𣿡
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̫һ˲ס˵Ŀ֮ˮҼ˼֣Դǿеز䣺
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෴ͷǳı֮ǰ˶½ңҲģȴҲ뵽½ҾȻлZ֧֡
Ͼ·֮ǰ򸾶úõشڳ¿δתƣһҲƲҪѱӡ
¾ЩѾûʲô壬˵ϣһصɽ֯뱱ţһعڣѾΣռʡ̫̫ڵѵ
һʱ֮䣬һ֮ͬʱ׳͢ӣһ½Ϊʿ壬̫֮ӭ¾
һ깫ս󲿣ռž⡣
װӻԷΪαگ棬ԼĺϷͳԹ֮ڡȻռݹڳǵĴ󲿷ֽУ¾λϢδģ½˼ƻвֻüϣ½ɽִɽµı
ķչѵԤϣнʮ򣬴󶼷ɢڸţҪԳⱱĽѹνС깫ֻһָӴһ淢ʱ䣬ͬʱҲڽȴĻѶ

˰ӼдҵϢֻ졣
ۼδȬս˴θԺ˴¡
½ϵң˳ԾƺȴлZʱѱ䣬Ѧ֮硣
лɻᷴ갢дļȴ롣
ѵΪԼ𣿿֪ţȴЭǻǾʹ֣
֮УΨ˿š
лZᷴ
ɴ񣬺ԥض϶Ҫͷˡοȵա
ضѾıֻѱҡʲؾȥ֮£֡
ɱµۼʸڵ
û¡
۽ǰİ׳ص
ʵϣѺתȴҲֻǻָ֮ǰ״̬ǿްҹ߻谵ԼԼʡ
Ҳݾʣ¹Ȼѳ˻ѾԪˣʱ£ʾϷֻϧǲһٽگˡ
֮󣬾ϷдõõǸϻػ֮ʱӦƽ
õĴ㡣ʱѱѾƣɾػΪڲ⿤ֻһһսұҲȻ
Ը뻸Ҫʧ
ۻص֮ʱѦѾҪʰװŽæŵӭȥ
ôѳժˣϣ̫ҽ˵Ҫ
＾ڣʹǰҲйʱԺʱ޿̶ŵơ
ѾܿһЩˡ۵
һȻʰϵҲˣΪѵ˵١
ҴӦ£Ȼѱ䣬ȴ顣
֪ѦɵȾϼʣҪ͸һȥ
һڣҲԼĿδ̫ԣӲظĿڣ۾ûȫأңҲġ
Цһδǵ˵ͷá

ꡣ
İĵڣлZ˫˫ĸͷ棬飬ǽϡһǰһιһʹصлɱСİ
СʵȲѣӡӽвңҩҪɱȫСңʵûа취
ԭǾгʦлZķÿҩʹ仼ٶѲʵȡִƱ
лZŭĿӣסҲ죬һͷŭޡιŵһ£еķ˱˵ϡ
ʵں£ҲʵĲ̣һᣬ˶ȥң¸һȥ
лÿյʳǱ˶ģΪȶУǲȥʶÿֻȡ΢Ķڳȥʲôã
ӽҲھУżٷһΣǷֲ˵ġ
ţŰ̳ſ첽ȥǡǳ֮ʱһֵݺھص˵ϡ
ſŵȫأлZ˱ĥһ£
ˣˡ
·֮ʱǡȥ¿ͽҲ˲ӹһ١
ˣ·ϱ㱻׷ɱ˵˱ҵ£֪б䣬һ·װ磬ڽղؾ
õԿ׸лZڼϣȥ
лZ˿ۣ죬ȥ
ˣ
л˵


89 
лZһ·ӳ, δֱӶɽȥǰϿ
, ڵ״, ֧ŵִｨοѱսΧ깫ϵϡ
ϿĿؽϪлZ, ֪ٱʵ֮£Ϊ֮, ȴһ㲵лZɵôʧɫ
֪ȥ, ŭҳ, £Ǻ㣬ưжȥ
лZϢ, ̨һصֹһС
СϪǵص, , ǻȥʲôãϰΪһ, ֮, 㡣
ϪԤϵĲлZкܳһʱ䲻Ϣ, ÿιȥķҲ΢Ķѽ͸֧ıԵ
֮˹ȥϪҽΪ, һһ, гȫʵ, ʿͻؽ̨ǹС
ɽѱıƣ涫ȫΧʿѸĴӶ·ʱշִﾩУżշתݵУǰպ
ӵʲŴأлZпܱãҪѰˣйлZϢ󾪣ǰϿˡ
պԻָлZܽӻؽڹǱָӽ뱱սϡ
λȥαװʮֲعˣлZܽ޷ݱ𷣡
ҲΪο磬㿴ǱµţҲء£ǲҪ˵Щˣ˾ɡ
ʵϣЩҲùһ棬ҲѾУʮġ
һ棬ĹԽԽͣΪóս࣬ȴɢ˸ţһطıԱǽڱΪسǣѾþһзɢδϢģȴҲѵصıǷܿ켴ƣعǡ
£Ѿɢڽ桢ȫӣٽšţǽһߡ
»
лZһ˲Ȼ
Ψ̣δ룬ܿع񣺡£ȱսȥȰɡ
ԼıҵֻһСˣڲѹ֮ͽֻǱɱΣΪԼ֮١
ٸһλᣬһȥ˵ǵġ£ˣ
ԴǿУֱŻߵݴæ˷𣺡䣬Ǻαء
лZȴΪѵ˼ã̾Ϣһˣȥɣ˱˱Ҳá֮ģȱ»ᡣ
˵ȴǲǱɱΣΪѹ֮١֮˺˯ΪŵŴΪ̱µһѼ⵶ֻǣõĿɲֻ
һ֧Ϊº͵ľӣ¿лϵҫܿͽˡ
лZͷɫƣл£»ǣǱߣȥ
±Ҷ𣬸οǱĳ٣ҵı˴Ǹе
ѾȻƽţ컹ʲˡ
ףڳ¥ԶԶԷŵںţɵЦ
ЦʲôڻǺӶ԰ԶԶƼ߳ŭ±ţ̫ѾΪۣҵǷ̫֮뾩깫ҵνιʣѵǵ췴𣿣
ϴʣνָȻԼ֮٣ȴҵǳ¥ϵ
Цҿλ˭
䣬һ֧Գ¥Ϸ֮֮Ѹ籦ϻ׹أѸײڶ֮ơ
һҽУδ˱㱻һ䴩ۣ׹ǽ֮ϣлZ쾢ŭɫХĽΡ
¥бϳл˧
л˧ڳУ
ӽ˵л˧뾩ô⾿ô£
˾ŭֹ͵ؽѪʣѪҽţ¼æǰ
ģ
¥֮ϣлZЦ¶ұɢȥļϢмᣬ֮֮ʵӽڴ£
ұΪǹǣǰڽɸ˰ǣأڵ£ͬҲٸ꣬ǽüȮѣǶԹҡ԰յı𣿣
¥֮£ǺӰೡΨѪ۾ŭȵѣ
л˧ĪҪ
лZΨЦҪϹһֻ۾𣿡
ֶ£³ǣҵıúÿ˭ǵͳ졣
¶ɫ
Ͼֻһˣȴǧ䣬ǰװ
£ȥɡ
лZظһ飬ûϵģҴıŵù
µʿ¥ɫԪ˧ֿѪֹ壬վӦһȭһֻδ˵۾ϣ
壬㾹ƭǣ֮£
л˧ʲôΪʲôл˧ıƭ㾿ʲô
Ѿ˴һܿ첻УлZ䡣
лZǰ˺һʱ֮䣬֮£ǧ̳գŶ£ڿԷҳˡ
ѱܣȺף䣬ִ֡

գлZĴ˳ŵؽ磬еͶ
½벻˳ŤתЮگǳ˵Σ춪±Юʵĺ̫󡢺ҵˣѷڻӳǣӴܡ
Ī׷վдɨвоֻ֣ǲС׷ϣڳڣȴֻؾ
ԣ֮󣬻ۿӱ޸ϻؽ֮ʱȻƽָֻյ
лZǰ򱱸פھӪأΪܡӻǣ̻
лZΪܿܺñʹлɳˣһҲ
ΣΪһݳ٣ԼԼĲڣ²Ϊƭ֮֮£а㡣Ҳ
𷣣
ͷأߵݵıӰڴͶӰӡȻٺǰˣһ̣ȴҲΪԼЩɵĴѶĵİûڡ
һ㣬游ı֮ʯͽӡ
һ㣬¿лϵİҪһʱٲ
ڿյĴǰŵ과ӣʱ̶鸴ӡ
ĳЩ£ϲǰ꣬ɷϵǣлZһУܵؽⳡҴѽ͡
޷
̽ĵԴŮѹֵ֪ЩŭȴǴ㣺
֪ģѾãع𡣡
˵ţʾѦɴӴڣҿһλ˭
л˵
ɶҪǰǰװȡ
ʱһͷһطǼ£ʵڵ̫ˣɣһͷһޡȻҽ˫ģ̫ɥˣдȥ껹һ߳Ҫˡʮɡ
ֺĶһĿǰҲûȫù飬綨ġ


90 ޣ
İĵһٶϲõġлɡ, лZѭȥ
ǸҲˣһֻ˻ķɶ, ôܲس, ͬǰУһΣȴֻǰͣ, ŻŲ߹ۿдת
, ϣյñ͸һ, Ʒ, ƱŮ
ϵȾľᣬҲŮ˪ѩ, ƻá
㵵ؿǰȻȥŮɬŮӣ鲻Խһֻ, Ҫ̽ǷΪ档
ֻվǰͣ, ݵ㵹΢΢Цһ, ɻ𣿡
Ѧ˫Ŀһɬ, ЦҺܺãأ
ͷ͹, ܺá
̻޼ĶԻȴر
ԲĻ
δƻ𣬵ֻȣӰ͸⽫յ˺, Լؿϵᡣ˾, ʵ̲סǰ
겢û, ǱȻĺҲνıҽѿǣ˹յȻ˷ȥݣպںˣ˴˻
ºͣĵ֮ͣȴѦɵס
Ѧһ죬ٿлZȻߣرȥ
лZ˽յ֣ٿӱܵߣȻһС
каѵڸľľףû±á֮£ǳ̫嶯
˵ţȴ˺һشй
ף£빫Եᣬࡣ
ףǧ޼δ롣
ǶԻʺڣ̬ȻԶѦеˮˮ£ӣ΢ţƺʲôʲôҲδ˵
лZߺ󣬻ȥǸסƲֵӣĻҲֻ¡
ˡ˵˺͸һôѵҪʳԡ
ˣ㲻ô̰ģ˸绹Ҫˡ
Ѧɱ΢ᣬһشֱ̽ϡ
һŹ𣿡ʡ
ᡣҲشɫҲѳ
ЦЦЩɬֻͼȰˡ
żꣿģĿеķܱȵùֻǻ̫СһʱӵĸۣҲˣӵĸǵ֪⼸أ
ֻңҲǡ
Щ֮䵭شˣ绹һӡ
Ǹ磬һиһݣǲһġһ㡣
Ҳɡ
ȵЦЦ̸ȥ
ɡ
ֻҪۻһգǱ㲻һط֣ǶԱ˴˶á
ǱԸȴҲɴûгûǿЭķϣ԰ѱˡ
ֻΪԷˣҲΪѾˡǷż֪
మʱȷֿûκιʧˣйһӣⶼ˻۵ӡǣ䲻
ҲûлӦһƱ֪ˣΨļЦȤôˣ
عȴ侲ȥ۱ߵ᣺Ը磬ô
ʡ
ļ΢գҲˣѷڣҪ֣źö˵졣
ľȻͷҲá
֪֮ңлΪǲܲǣģΨһܾİ취
лZߺ󲻾ãȴ˽̷˾ʦ˵Ϊ½ϵ˶
½½ظӴܣǶЩѫϳǶѹʿú˲ʿ壬ҪµġҲǿǵһʦͨ
ں֮ڣ뵽ʦѦҲʶȻϲһŮȴǿϵ˵ͷ˽ʦ
£һ¡
ʦй󣬾ֱżɽص
֪½Ķҿ½ҳܹ¥нóԸµĴ¡
ߵ׵ڿĴڸ
ڸ߸ߵĽϣŵ¹ŵĺŮӡ
½صʵȤ
ܹǰܾ֮ûУҲǲġ˵練Ƶ£ҲȰѦɵķϣҲû̳ܾ
ʣأ³֮Ҫʲô
ʦ̧ͷһЦӳܽޡ߹󣺡ɽͷĪū鴦

֮ʦҪѦɡ
ǰ½Ǳѵ֪ѦݡϢҲ֪ԥ֮󣬻Ƿȥˡ
ѦδǨסﰲԭľҲʱƫ˯
ϸϸؽһ̾Ϣúõģ벻֪жˡ
Ѧļ䱾Ҳǻϲģȴһļ΢𣿡
ҲǶԷʶĸ׵ԵʣʦĪ𾴣Ҳ˾ơ벻ãֻҪԼúñá
ѦЦЦӦǺõİɡ
ٷ裬ҲٹֱлɻвĸܸҲõ˱ȫ˶õԲĽ֡ӦǸĵġ
Ͼ˻һвòΡ
ֻҹλأǳμղԭϰɵʣܹɵ꣬˵أվЩƽ
ĸ׵꣬ҲĸԸ𣿡
СӸǺãʳ
ʦ߽ҡ˯СŮӤ
ÿɷ񣺡Ҫȷ˵öࡣ
ͬ˵Ľ|ӻΪ˹òȵۿڿˣȴδΪ˴ѳᣬ
˵ȵǰǺˣȴ̫Ⱥã˻˹
˵շ˿ķҲδУƽؽˣżڹȥ
ǰԸǰᣬҲѦࡣ
Щ£½˵ģʦÿǲ𺳡
ǰ޵ŮӣվҲⲻ˪ˡ
Ѧ˵Щɶ˻ˣһ͹ˣϣѦܻȥԦ죬֪ʧȥĲõء
Цת˻⣺ǹͱµĺúƯء
ѦҡҡͷʱһŮӣ
ʦֳסѩҡҡӤߣüۼЦ⣬ϦУĸһĴȰܿ죬͵˲ò뿪ʱ
ʦҸһ֧ɣҪѼˣͱ´ʱǲˡ
֧裬ūֻ
ʽеϦ裬ӯӰңһֻɵĺԡĺﶼΪ質ࡣ
ܾ֮Ѧɲ֪ūǺ֮У֮⡣
еҺܿ챻ƽ½ϸ֮⣬ѷҵͶ֮壬
˰ūeϳû䣬ɾѰ½ϸͬʱ䲼گ顣
һһＺگگ̷ʡԼЩ䡢ѵĹʧʡ𣬲˵ͼ¡üϢŪ֮¡
һگ飬گѹʹѦ֮Ůïᣬѵ˳Ȼ򡣿ɲΪʺ󣬳ĸ¡
گһ´Ҫ³ϣҪȢϵĻΪⲻò˵Щס
Ҳ֪ǰȴüң۳űװҲҲװˣд֮£ѩƬȫʯ󺣡
ѷѵĴûǰ棬³Ҳû˸ʱȥλʵȨùͷ齥֮
ҲʱлZύǰѾԹӡ
ͬˡ
ûҹޣ㱻Ѧס
ȥѾɣսδͣǲΣ𣿡
ҵúܣ֪Ψ˲ܵȴܾʲôҪϾƽѵ£ȥΪʲôҪԶȥ
ŨʱĹʵںΣЩá
˵ˣȥݽǷвѾܳʲôأڹΪлZһ
еº΢䣬£Դһһжȥǰ˿ƣ
ԼҪģܷأ֮ҲһͷҲûС
ܽ뿪컣ԴסĨѩ񣺡ҲԹأûУ
Ѧо㣬ûȴסⰧ󣺡磬Ҫƭˣʲô£һһӵġ
л˵
گϵ


91 
, лZݣδ빬档
ƽ, Ψ½ϸӻδ, ֪뵱ʿ£ҲȫȨ׷顣
, ԹʿԳµġֻóڶóλٵʿ塣ܹȥҲǶʿ֮, ʶ⡣
¶Ϊĵۺ׼ѡڴ£һ, ҲӦ˹촺Ů֮˵, ΨһвǾꡣ
ۺ飬׼֮˵Ҳǰ𲽡Ȼ, ̫̫, ҪʽǨ, ֻܶڶ¡
ȻԻ֮⣬ԸίԼ, ʱ޶, ټܹɽΪʺ, 컨ڡ
йػʺһжҪõõģصݵ˿кֵ, ɽ֮, ֮, 鳵ĿǴӹضϡеȶԷѡʦνġ
ǻ꣬һӦӼ򣬼ǰǳҲδڿвǮ⻹ǵһλǮˮ
Ѧɾ̫˷ѣҲ̫ߵǱϾϵãźͣƾЩʱѹȥб۵ġ
ǲƽúܣһԸȴֻѳ
οսδͣǨڼһжҪǮĵطȻȰ֮ʱȴԹҳ㣬ҲûùǮõԼڿ⣬ԴΪɷĽڼ֮˵
ԭݵϸִѦȰҲֻա
֮ͬʱҲѺתҹҲٲõôĵˣȴûΪ˥˶٣෴ȼҡ
Ѧɲ񹬻ססͬ޶ͬʳȥһҲκһԸѵķޡ
ȥм˫۾ڶȥѵݼ̫̫Ҳ֣ԴڻĵĲȫСʹӦҲڵһߵ
پϢЩգȴҲ޿κΣľ±ߣط꣬һ߶ʶ֮ˣžòôܡ
ʼΪۺ׼æµĻлZѾʲϸݣһսǱǣӲдѾϻعϳٳ¡һµĻս֮˳¹갳ǣӺĶӣڼڻȪ
лZϢĻᣬһܡȻ඾δ壬;Ϯ޷֧ս£ټݵ¾ǲףֻҴ
һսϴǰѱ䡱ɣҲ˻ɣΪһӺѱ䡣ЩţлZšһӿ⣬ӣǻʺμ޿ܣЩҲû塣
ģֻǴıϴȥѾ
Ҳʱʦ뵽˻
ʤ̳ظʮַ
ǰǸ֮أкڴ˶ׯ԰½Ҳ⡣
ǵģ½ûлɽլ˻
һǴ˵ڶ䣬Ǵ˵ؾסڶԻ۲ʿϣմʳбԿʦ
ʦȥ½֪ͩɽׯ˴ȥĿ֮ʱϲŭɫŹԵЩŭ
ʲôǿֻʣǸ˺·ǲ鵽¥˵ǰһжΪȣ۲ɱһ|Ůʲô
߻վŽ֮ʱȻȼһƹͷûڰҹ۲֮С
ʦǿ򶨵ش𣺡ӵˣȻģҾĶ
ѵǹٱô
һ϶ϵȴ½֮½
ɫ߽λ£ת½أضΪϴξͽŮ˴Ϊʲôˣţ㣬֪лZͻȻĳֲ
һӣһ򶨵ʦҲ߳亹ֲϴűʮ²ų֣Ҳʲô˵ǷţȻ
½ɫ΢ס
ףǷűӴˣΪ
ǲˡ½ݺݵص˭֪ӾǲǹΪ۵˴·Ѿû·ˣߴһٲ
½¶ԥ
ӦʦȻص֪ң̻Ůӣȴ֮Ը֤ס
˵ţȻ½彣ԼĲĨȥ
ͫһ֣ѱ½סѪ䡣
ˣʦĲҲѷѪ˿Ų˿˿½
½ǽţŸףһһ䣺ף
½ĵѪļ뵣ѹǹɱŭ
ӣ治֪ɾ󾢶˭ɸֵص
һúõĴҹ㲻ƫЩǧ˯ļ|Ů|Ů
˵ţصͬסʦһۣ
ʦеĳһ˲أ̳˿ңæǵʵӣû°ɣ
½ҡҡͷĿ⣬һ֮ɫѲҪ͸˫εúܺõ۾һֱļȥ
֪ƭˡ
Ҳ֪Ĵû˳ѱЩ£ܰ
һ̣ޱȵҪҪΪԼġ
½̾˿ôѪֻ֣ḧ͸գΪȥ糾ɫܽȾϺ죺룬ƭ𣿡
ӦӯӨӨ᣺ӵˡ
ЦЦЩ͵ЩĲɺã
ȥȡҩӰƺһ٣ʦû̧ͷģȴԼʮ겻ķ
ӭ¥Ц˻λãҲһӲˡ
̳һٵЦá
ʦӴ½ߡ
½Ļɲû˺ղûйٱ׷ͩɽׯֽ˿ýʱͻǿûз
ȻǷ¾衢뵱ؼʿɽׯ֮ʱֵйپͩɽׯ
˴󾪣æʰżҪ֤ææ룬½ҲڵһʱϻطУʦһ뿪
پѸ٣ܿΧɽׯֻɽ´޽ıһڡ½ؼԺܣߵôæ벻˽ţϡһˤ˵ϡ
½æػʣôɻ𣿡
ܶǽɢȺ˷ҲȼŽơҡҡͷһػ֮ɫӣ߰ɣʵ߲ˡ
½صĻɣȴУҪһߡ
˵ţ
ȴǴʱһ֧ƿնʦأ֮½һȣ

ǲ㱨ţ
һüʦĨѪ绨һƬһƬ½شʧɫףʲô
½¶ǰ쳤ϵĺҲŲŮ˽پµ㻹ִԲ򣡡
ҲˣҪԼȥɣ
ݺݹڵϣȥ
ɽׯپ벿ɱѾߣ籼ȥ½ȴδţȥϵ˿ڡ
룿룿һƬհףŻɫѩ԰ȥŮӣȫʹزû£ûУ
ʦؿУǰмĵطдƬƬѪӿ
ϵĽ֣һٵʱȴЩʡ
䰡
ԭ֮ǰܡ
֪¶ѪһһȥĿˣûаָжΨб
ôЦ˰
˵ȴȥˡЩʵİϷʲôأ
Ȼ΢ЦţһϷӣǲˡ
֮󣬽չˣǸܵĺӣһһ㲻Ҫɹ˺ˣ𣿡
ʧºܿ죬ѪʹǰôҲ治ס½ؿ־úɣ״ε˵ţãҶӦӦߣߡ
ȴһ㣬ϴ΢ЦҲһһãӣػͤɣҲҲʦˣֻˮһССũŮҵļǿô󻱻£ǰһʯĥ
Ҫǵá
ŽɽׯϻأԺţȻżһ˺ѷεһٲԺȻǵѪеŮ֮ʱͬձѩгѵء
л˵
90£ֶԲϵ鷳ͷһ£ͷˡ


92 
Ĺپ½൳һ, Ѻ;ʦϢܿ촫ؽ
֪ʦ, ڰǰǻ΢΢ȣǸ|Ůˣ
طӦ, ½һأ˼ʧѪ
Ƭ̵Ļ㱡
Ͼ, ʵҪʦȥ£Ϊ½൳Ӷ, ԽԽãܹʿ, Ȼ, ٵϱҲˡ
뵽˶ɥ
Ҳɱ, ȴҶҲͰˣƫƫٺϲ
ɫЩȻ, ȲҪûʺ֪
Ѷ, 仹ûʽٰ񣬵عԳƺѦΪʺ
Ȼ, Ҳл۵˽, սݡ
طӦǡֵ½ǸнЩ˽, ǵ˸ϵʱ½ͱ˸ʬߣ, , ִ;ʦ;С
Ϊ۵
˶ʣɻʲô𣿡
ûˡŮð, ޶ۣʵݲɿ
۵ͷоҲӿһĪİݡŴƮѩ취鵽ݣҶعɡ
֮󣬳ϦǰϦѺ½ѵʻ˽½ϼͬȫʷ̨ʡ
пʼĻ̻̣Ͼ½ǰݣԱйҲ½ϵıʮֺԼᱻǣȥ
µḻ́Ҳ֪ġǴѹʿʱܷŹᡣ
ҲǾһ亹
½֮ǰʵ£أҲĶȴרŻŵŮһѵһ٣ûвȥ
Ļ̵̻ͬʱеӱȴԵø⵭ݡÿղżһ»Ľȣ޵жŪµŮ·𲢲½ϵһ㣬ʮʡ
Ϧǰһգʷ̨½Ҫ¡
ǵ֮Ҳƣ۴󷢴ȱǰگһ档
շ绪һӴʱͷ棬ͷҸѪΪذȾĺ죬ǱԽ֮ʡ
żͨųصеǰһ
»Ը
۷ȥɫմŵļӣüδԡ½ֿЦ֪ʵδ˵仹ұΪжд̣ȴԴѹĻҲûСͷβǳ׵׵ӡ
չüһۣЦЦԭ֪
⻰һܲˡֲãΪѣΪ֣ȴŴݺδʧˣǿп۸֮ڣ޴ѹҲҪ˵ô
̫̫ٳ֮£Ȼ֪ˡ
½ļȴƽص̧²仰˵˺˭ֱȵùأ
ŶЦһ£ΪǱôΪ䱧ƽ𣿡
½سĬΣһ¡
ΪѵǳʦвΪ£䱾ʵԸ·ʦͻػͤˮ尲ᡣ
Ϊ¡
ǿѹͷŭ䵭ſڣʲô֡
½ҡͷҲֻ֪֪ǼŮ
ԡӦ㻹ʲôԸǲǣҪ޽˺᣿
˵һ֮ʱϽԴŽλεĳǳʦݣǾ½ز
ְ񲿣ҪʦѼ練Ƶ£˻ŲϧƺʵЩ̡
Ȼ½ĳɫһûˣߵлʥ
ճϦگŻͽ·׶ȥ
ҲԲʱ򣬻سŵǲɢ¥Ů̷ֻΪ֮ԱǿȽ̷Ů
˾˵Щ⣬жΪ½ϵİӣһҲɢˡ
ϢѦɶУؾǸϦŮӡ
ҲǽѼ˰ɣ֪ȥĶ૵˵
ʦʵһ֪ʲôסδҲһ֪룬֪Ѽأпи
ĲǣһҲԹúܺðɣϻͨ͸ŮӣѦ˿Ѽ֮Ҳܺúûȥ
ҲӦӵҪ˰ɡ
ѦЩ۵롣
˼䣬֦ЦйֵĹ˹ḷ̌γзŻڡޡЄ¡ɴеϥ˫塢˫緵ȣǳ׵Ļʺܲʱ
֯Ƴɵԣϲ˽ɤº͵ƻδĺµķ硣
ֱһߺţһߵ޻¡
Ѻ࣬Сӻ˵ϲķʽǼЦԲҵۣҲЦ
ĵغţģҲĿɰлҲЩʵЦ⡣
⺢ǲռٵʱ䵹Ҳͦɰģ֪պٵĺֻء
˵ӵ»ûӰӣϣǸӣ̳˵ˣҲպ޸ҲһС鵽ϣա
ʺضһżѦɻľ˵Ĵӵг
ѩޣӨͷӲӵĻûΪĵø߹ţׯأŮ
߽̣ĿһѦ΢˼ر䡣
֦΢΢Цʱ㳣˵Ҫ¸գҲ㲻Υŵˡ
ǻڣûģѦŭֱȡͷϳĻڣһԵŮæڽס
Ҫѵɫ΢䣬˹ˣȥ
𶯡£øúÿ
ǧ֮أͷι̶ڴϣһ˫˪ѩ۾ôΰѲ
ӱѹ΢ҵ޷ɨ֬ٵ·۷
˷ʱЄ¼޸ӣȻ¼ˣȴκֶò
ġׯġֻǡ
þõţѦϲ糡һ£Щ䣬뻻ˡ
ЄΪյĴƣ»Ƕգ˵һЩ
ûʣԼϣĿ̰ϣ뽫ЄµӡԼϧѣܿЩʲô
ѦЩգüܿĿת˵£̫ˣӵģôҲȥ
⻰ǼٵģѾݳܹ̫㲡ˡԴݻشҵһк꼰ȹѵ޹ѾЮӵҲˡˣǨΨȥλϵĵĸ
ۻعĮ細캮ضѩ˶ѣҲʲô󲡣ʲôɿġ
̵ǽ黳̫Ϊگµ۵£Ȱ㲻ô˵̫ôһگ飬ҲǱѾƵģôֵܹͷϡ
֪̫ĸΪʵɱĸ˵ûۿŵǵüۣļ̾˿
١˫磬ɤԽͣһȹĵʮϦˣﲻˣֻˡ
Ժ꣬ǶҪһòã
ҲǱȡѦﲢûжԸȴҲ˵̫ԣֻҪı֡
ڻ۶ĬϣһЦ뻳
ɫѾҹɫŨѩ裬ȴһʼ
ҲʱԶı䲻ðѩ˾Ȫ
Ӻ뱻ϵҶٵظ裬˸ֲֻӴܡһսлZӺе˽ִ;ʦֱȪ뾳ӸϳŹء

ؾ֮ʱǽʼԪʮ壬˶һ赸ƺˮγգããĸϣһڻѩн
Įа糸죬졣ԶҰﲻסС
ΪӵĶм䣬лZЩƣسδ֪Ĺ鴦
Ǳڻŵ;Уȴ˱ѩǰԭʲʣһǧڿҰʧ˷ֻĿĵн
ģǰҰһС¹ϣ͡˷ܵؽƣ
ǰ˼ˣǵþˣ
˽ϲȸԾΨлZɫء
СһЩôͻȻּУɸȥƣǷ˼ҡ
̽·ĳܿȥƴ˴Ǹ߲һСǣƲžһѣ̡
ǾȻѩմ˷򣬵˸߲ĵؽ硣
лZ΢һʲڴСסһٸϻš
ӳҹµľСȥսļЩȻ˯ؼ䣬ƿεŮ
ź£ֳȣɽ壣ˮӯӯ
ɾ
лZʱ򼫶ȵƣЩþ治Ǽ٣ȴžѩҹСಡһʸƿյǰȻɱ죬һ֧Ը¥ϼ˵ϡ
Ԫʮգʦ¹Ȼвҹսڸ߲ʦͣȫû
ϢʦԾ
л˵


93 
յϢʱԪ¶ʮ, Ҵ֮УǰŵݡӺѺؾϢ, պ, ȴӵܱлZ䲻Ϣν𾪡
ţ̽ٱʮ, ٶȴϢΧ򶼷, δҵлZˡ
ӻŵС𣬵ۿлZмˤ, ɳȥˡȻʱܶ¹ȻĲв, ׶༪١
ʱѾȥ˰£δµϢ, ˣлZս, ˵ϳ䶨
ۿǷ˰Ӽľ, ߬ž΢΢׫дŵֽ߬ơ
δ˻ҹ, ·ǧ㺣۾ؼ䷭Хݺһ˰, ŭȣⲻܣ
ȥңлZҪҪʬ, ʲô˼
ط󺧣æƽ߬סǺصأƽһϢվ侲
, ȲҪ߻ʺ󡣡ޱطԸ
ط¶ɫ, ס
ѺӺľڻس;, ʤ̣ȴδȺף͢ͱ£ôù䡣
ڻʺ֪Ҳֻʱ¡
ɫࡣ
סҲҪ΢΢ǿ˶٣ʲôҲ֪𣿡
Ƣִ֣ΥظַŲлZ֪лZһƫִعֵͷϡ·лZԼҪȥ
ǽ֪лZ֮䣬ȫˡ
طԶ˶٣ֵ£һ¡
˵
ǰα¶׼½ǸнСʦϹ餶ȥͤǱߴϢ˵ѾԾˡ
ʲô
⧲һ䣬΢΢㵡
ط΢в̣ǣ꽫ʦϰ󣬾ǰˡ
Ͼĳն
ԼѷȴִҪΪʦѳ顣һʱ֮䣬Ҳ֪θˡ
ļΨʫͩϣԧ˫֮ǵĵǳ
ôѦɻ᲻ᡭ
δĵֱӲϡ֪
Ը룬ҷ´£Ƭ˵ѳ飬Ը˺˰ɡ

鷿º󣬻ȥ޵δżһЦѦɼ֦ڶŪǳͣ粴ţµ鰸ȴ˸ɫĲһԺȻ衣
飬Ĭ߹ȥڿʲô
ǼæҪֱˣѦ¡
ǿվԼִװźĲתʱеЦ⻹δɢ
ոմɽֱֻˣһҲءҿϲͽľ׽˷
˻Ĵ˵ģƩףƫʦŮӵڻū˲𷽲ŷطѳɫ΢΢һ䡣
Ѧǡʱ̾
ˣ˵Ҳ֪ôˣúòá
ԹҲǵģȷѼҲһҲȥѽ
ǹ֪¥ļ|ŮѼĶ䣬ҲΪˡ
۲Ը̸ȥһ˰ɣ˵𣿡
ֺǷ۵ŮӤԣ
ҵ۾ЦŶţĵ˼һ㣬΢ţһ¶ġ
̿ѵõķĵϲáѦȴ΢죬ָ˵СӣǸûĵġ
ҹչԼһȴǰ
кЦ̣Ȼͻ㰢ĸô
Ŀ˴Ȱ仹ûԼĺӣŮĵҲȷܵЩΪ˸ϲáȻ̳ռôٵʱ͸ˡ
飺ʲôʱ򣿼Ҫ꣬Ҳþٰץ˰ɡݣʱҲһ֮ڡ
ֻΪкٰץģΪŮӾٰġѦ֪ΪɵϷƣ㲻ҪһҪء
Һֿ룬ȴиһŮô˵ùȥ˵˺ӻСأ̫ѹסġ
ΪĸΪһǵݣȴҲ֪鼱á
õٴһЩģ䣬ٹ֮ڡ
ۺЦôߣԭһֱĬҵŮ
ϺһǸģлɵģ˰ɣ
ٻ˵ңҾʹس¿ȥ
˵ţı뿪ȴţʱڹأ㻹˵ǺΪá
Ȼ˫ͨ죬УҪݺһٲޡȻҪŭЦŴȤЦʱӦޱȣʱ
˵ӱЦʱ
ѦѾӿڵŭֻεȥϲϲҪ
ʰɢҽ鳯ڷŵȥԼãΪ˭һ
ѵõδзֶĶ䣬ΨЦŵɲҪͰĸѧ
ȥеЦѩš
ţлZ׷ʸûͣŹ⻰˹ȥ
лZļ仹Щʱ֪ĺá
ֻҪһã˻飬ߣʱգа취ҪлZ

֮Ѧȥδᱻ¡
뿪ҪչΪɣԱʲôɷɢע˼κԼҲعĳվʱʲô˼
ѾӦ羹Ҳֻȥѵ̫̫ҲҵĸΪѵȥҲ𣿡
ѾżзлҲлZجĲ˹ͷܷȥ֪
Ĭһۣͼ뻳ȴ׽˸աҲӦǲȥȥʲôݣϾҪɻˣǻϱʺȥݼϺá
ѦüĿ󣺡˵ǿԼϲ¡
ûǿ㡣ͣϾ˸ţʱȥݼʲôأȳɻ֮˳ȥݼĸ𣿡
Ѧɻع
ĿΨкģһ˿ҲûСǸ߸ֲͷģӣ
ƫƫ漰ѵѦļ١ֲļ²ţѵ̫̫лҳ£
Ҳá΢վͷӦ£ûв
ȴҲӴ˸ۣȥ֦ΪĸǿԡգԹųĽ֣֦ľȥȡ
ֻųǽȥ֦
Ѧְжľ
취ҵ֣濣һ̫̫оʲô¡
֣лҵļŮҲѵŮ٣ճɫų¡
ľȻӦ£ԼĪһʱ֣֮濵Ϣ뺽ֵ˻۾ģһȻӣüζڷ֦ǰ¶ڡ
Ϊǲ˷֦ľرŴڹǰ¡
ˣˣ״ε˵ţһһơѦɼ״Ҳ鲻Խ߬ס½󣬽شߴٵ˵
ľһҭˮ˵˵£
һȱϣ̼Ѧɵ
һֻʧƾֽصθѣʹ฿ס۵ɵѹ˼ȥŴȴκ
ۻʱѦʰʳߣһֱַֻߣҪĽһδ
г֮һҲûУҲڣչžÿ¡
΢ɺ
ôˣůĴϣôһҲ
Ѧûлͷ
硣
һļžˮ©ڿĴĪİУһ£㲻Ҫƭҡ
л˵


94 
ķӦ̫, һ˲䣬۱µѾ֪ʲô, ۽΢΢һ
缸ʱƭˡŻ, ʮͣ˵ɣʲô
ϸ, ûƭ⻰ѦԶعͷ, 硣
˵лˣǲģ
˵⻰ʱ, ÿ˵һ, ļⶼƱлۡ
ۼˮڴת, ȴվû£䲻, ˱ݲеܽػ
̹Ȼӭ, Ŀתһ˿ҲûС, ֽһ鷢ȥ˶, ûе£ЩԷ
ʧ, һɿ׹ڣ۵ҲƸһĿڵҲ㣬Ҳȷ, , ڻس̵·ѩ, ʧȥϵѵҪȥ𡣡
򻷾ӣ֪ġ£ҲȥѰĵȵϢɡŻģûилZ¡
ͼȰģ¹𢣬ȫ¸ϣµˡפݵĴѰңҲͨţһµġ
⻰Ȱסˮֹ̾ӵ뻳С
٣㲻
ѾӦ˺͸һΪʲôء
ǶѾǹȥˡԼҲ˵ģֻҪãͻġҪһҶҺҩҲһֱںȣòˣʳԡ
ص£ȴֻ˼Լ
Ѧڲסӹһ˿ʧ
ǿĿĿȴЦˣð
ֻҪţһŵԵġ
΢٣ΪڵŨ˫ĿҲһѽгĮȥ
Ц
Ѧ̧ľȻŴѾѿ÷
Ϊ˶ܺúõػΥػ˭һֻء֮˵סΪʲôҪߡ
֮գδϢ
½ϼͬİӻڲ飬ڽҲڴʱƻԼ£ȫȨ飬ϸҪȥ½йϸĴ綼Ǵȥĩٵ´Ԫ£͢һƬ̻̲֮С
бϾʿ£⼸κˣҲʿռͷıֶǣ壬½ŷһĵλһнķ֮ĹԱҲܵǣ
Ϊ٣˽ﲻӱԹԻִ˾δ̫ҪЩ䶼һ飬ֻ»ἤǸΪǿҵķˡ
ȴԣۺڼ˲壬ճɻԴЩ벻Ⱥġ
ԤϵķֺδãĹԱ̫ϳʱ۵ڳ֮ջڣԹȥ½ְ֮㣬ȺҲ֮У뵽ˣ˵һڴȺ
³ˣ黹жʮһͨӣվյı͵ļš
żһĻлZһö壬ɽʯϵŵҲѶѴ룬ǳ£
˵ںɳ֮ҵģŲصѪԱʬ壬Ǳжױ¹Ȼ벿ߣǿʳգɳѪģʵ޷ݡ
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ҵʬԭǵóȻʧ˧ứ䣬ʱδй
£лZʲѰңơ
ۿö壬һʱ鸴ӡ
лZʵûʲô飬˵Գĸ˶ûʲô飬ҲϲлZ
ʱ˿̣ҵЩȻļĪ뵽ģȴ½Ϊ̶Ǹ
ɢʣ֥üĿȣݵĽ£һֳ̬˵ԸЧȮ֮ͣϹᣬѡ
Ȯ֮ͣϹᡣ
ȷˡ
طѯǷ˵Ǩᣬۻع񣬵طԸѰᣬ㲻Ҫٴˡ
ݵ¿Ҳʵ̫ңԶ

һһյؽˣҪõһ߷׼̫ʼԤḶ̌Զ˷ݵѦиŮҲڽ;Уһƺ׼׵
ȻѦɱ˶ԴⳡҪ̬ȴԽԽĮŮǰнҲѧ˵Ҫս׵̬ȡ
ʵϣչĿƵȷ΢ɻһЩȻ޷õκйлZϢ˭ԷĻشǲ֪Ҳֻ˵Ѱҡ
֪¼ãȴܵؾϾǰʵǺμлɵģչȴμʱ£ڻʱۺϣժºɻʵüĿ䣬Ц羵ˮ
ӣڽгӡǱﰮĽ֮⡣
Ƕһ죬֪Ϊʲôμһ졣
ʱǾ֮ϵǶӡ޽ľݵʱľϢõ߹ȥһϦž嫵۲δּĶһԶŮƽڵ۾˸һĹԡ
еЦ̣ȴ޵øγϣѡ
֪ҽҪ޹˲ŸȰ䣬ֽöݸ˵ѾѰĶΧĳׯѰҡ
游ĶҲ򣬿öʱѦɼ
վ⻰ʼϵظŮѧϰʱǣƵصȴŵϢ
ҲֻԶᵽ
ÿһΣʱ򣬶лޱȾ尾
Ʊû겻ᣬʹҲ޷ȫעڵʱƿȦֻ֪Щʲô
ʱȥ״ֻ̬ý깫ҵַͼתע
˵߲̫ʣǵûʲô˵ϻѣѦҲڽ;УҲֻúҶϡ
´⽥ãģգߵ£֯ھŻĴ
֮£δĻʼԶ
ңѦʮֵĲڡ
һֱ֪Լ˺ҵλӣ˵⣬Щѿ
ǺҲԹɫΧƽ檾ͷˡ
ѦɹⲻȥΪ㻹ץһˡ
ûʲôġҡҡͷʾ⣬³ȥˣһڼҲƵûš빬鹫ҲǺõġ
֡뾩ˣѦ΢΢ȡ
ֻ֪ڲ½ҵ£뾩˵Ѿ
ǰҴǶׯصüĿѵõСŮ̬գͤȥݼǸõˣ֪Ǵǰ¥Ļʲôʦʲô
ʦ룿Ѧɻؽӵʧɫվ
Ҳ֪ʦཻ΢΢ɻ󣺡ûʶ𣿡
˵ЩաϾĸ׵ˣȥĸٵģϾϡͿɻЩ꣬ؼҵĴָû뵽ȴҪʱȥһ|Ů
ֱǴ®ϵ
֪ǰо֪ʤദ˵ԼЩȥȴָ췢˵ʦûʲôƻԩһɾ˭ֲ֪ҹ빬ʱʦ뷿еģɻء
ȻһŮɣҲúͽ̷˾ļ|ŮƽϣҲֻˡ
ȻΪɷѦһȴ׹ĹȵףۿϤɬ
ҲԹɫæѯǷʡѦɵЦҡҡͷûʲô
£ͷν㲻Ҫ𡣡
ߺֶһڴãľľŲصȥ֮顣
֦ιˣߵΨľȻǸߴɫƿвƿҪӳȥĺһΡϦŮӡ
˵ġʦѼ£̡
ˣ﾿ʲôģ
ΪʲôҪأѵ𣿿ƭοлɵأǰӲμлɵģΪʲôƵƵΣѵġ
䷺һ˿ʣԸȥǰסֻɫƿӣתߡ

ķӦʵڹ죬ľæҪϣδĻĿõһʱӲǻæ񣺡¡
Ҫʲô
Ŀбŵƿϣ΢в⡣
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⻹һ飬ûֻԶԶظ󣬽벻֪ߵѵĵؽ硣
̫̫лŲһæ깫Ҳ˼չˡδġŮ̫̫ȴˡ
㻹ʲô̱䶼㺦ˣҪſϰлҵϱǷ𣿡
ѦõˮʱĸĲǰ˫ύ
Բ𡭡ֻظһ䣬£米
Ȼ̫̫ȴϷŹĮĻ統ͷȣһһѵļУֱֱļͱ
ô㻹úίǲǾһж㱾⣿˵ǰ޹أΪʲôҪصص˵񣿡
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ѦɺŤͷߡһֱҩ깫̲סȰɵֺα˵أ£δغܣıĩɱ¶һŮôء
̫̫ŭδΪŮӣĿǣȴ˸񡣿Ҳû˵ʲô䣬ֻµһʱСС
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֮УͼࡣڣҲǲͷ, ඼ǰ½ϣüͷŤɸ֡
ôˣôˣ
, æ֦ӭǰ
Ѧɲ, ûԱ۴޵Ӥϸغ, ʼҲû
һûٺ˵һ仰ֱҹ, ˯ԶˮܽغĮȻ˿ڣ
һ, лôˡ
ҪƭˡʱϹ, ôסأǰҹٲӴ㾿ʲô
һ£Žһ, ƽͣûʲô, Ҹֻʧ, Ҳ
˵ˣʲôأֲɱġΪʲôҪΪν㡣Ϊѵļ仰Ͷ룬Ǹ˾, ̱, ֲǲ֪
𣿡ѦЦ, عʱΨӳʧΪأѵҲʲô𣿡
ɫһ
Ȼ֪ˡ
ǺһͨҲЩգʲô飬Ҿ͸㡣
ʦԼңҳ½ظΪҷĽáԭں½ǱӶãûҲԼ½ҡǿϲһ䣬˭֪ᱻ½ɱ
лZȻԼסʹ֮ûĲǿڶĳŵ֮ϣΪʲôҪЩ鶼ҵͷϣ
ѵΪ𣿡ѦǸô½ϣôᷢչز֪½ͼı죬ӽʼ굽ȥĩȴ֣Ϊɴȴ˵һûйϵۣ㲻ҹλأͲ𣿡
ʵڼң󣬽ʡǿµĻȼˣ
͢๵ģٺҷƢҲҪи޶ȣֻһ䣬лZɵȥ˭û뵽£ΪʲôҪȫҵͷϣ
ʵڲ
ѦͨۿŭзߺȫޣΨʧԸȥƣ̾Ϣ
ǰǲ͢£ҸЩŮˡԸⱻ㺦ʽѵŮʺɡ
˵ţҪ齡
١
ڻסҴˣǸ粻á
˵ĶԣһжҵĴһжҵ⣬ԭ¸òã
ֽֿȥȫȻڷθҪԭ¡Ѧļȴӿһ֮С
֪ûʶԼĴµǸҲΪסɣʶˣҪĵǸʲôء
ںˣѾزˡ
峿һ˸磬ʱȴ齣齱Ϣشѡ
ԭǵ˯ʱһɨգسסһѩ󣺡Ҫȥģ
ѦͷҲأҪȥ
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ǿ֮µͷȴ·ԲסһѦΨļЦ, ϲɫȥһơ
Ǹͻ̬, ȻЩ죬ҲԸŹѵõĻ, ˷֦
ҹ, ˯µ, ̺һ㴽أſˮݣ½ë, ʵѩɰ
Ѧͬҡ, һ˯еŮļӿһ鲨Ƶɬ
Ի۵ҲŮ, 㲻֪, ýָʱĺѹ
䲻Ů, ȴҲĸһġҪĲϲͰи˰ɡز۵Ǹ溦Ҳвҡ
ǸɱĺӣվЩѹ, ෺ɽƵļ䲻, æԺ󲻻ˡ
ֻǲ, ΪʲôҴӦ¶ΪʲôûʲôȴҪǵͷϡҲҪˣΪʲôÿαĶҡ
٣Ұ㣬㲻ҡ
һƽգ֮ڿڡ
ûа취յĴԽǹɻʧȥԤоͻǿңڵҲܾһ뿪
εӳ¥׹¡ֻҪһ뵽㣬ͻƲסԼƲסҪ£ʲôķӡ
Ѿһͷβķӣȫ綼˿߱߬ģֻҪһͱȳ
ǰġ
ǰСְޣѰ¶Ҫͬ˯
ʱԭûϲóȻֵãƫƫҪǿдԭƿɳֻҰ˥ܵҲһĨɫ
ϣһʼȷǶܲмģСŮ룬̫ģȴǸΪ˴ȥѽֺԼ
ʱСصģȴҲܸܵ䵭ίί˽״
ʱ˵ﶼֻһΪʲôһȴˣ
ΪʲôԣΪʲôǰһﶼֻһΪʲôҪл䣬л䣬ã
з޺ޡʧѹתƳӰת۳Ҳݣ־ҹɫһīɫ
ϲģԲԡԼ߬ס˫硣
ʱ˷ݵʱ򣬻ݵʱ򣬾ұȲҲôһЩϲģԲԣ
㲻Ҫߣ㲻ҪôҡֻҪ£ǰϲҵĵط綼ԸģԱκϲӣֻôҡ
ѦûлӦ
ֻǿӳҡҷӰӣᲨҡ纬纬̡

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ң䣬һ
ֽ뻳УǿŲĲԻ͡
ȴ룬ˣˡ
֪һҩΪɢȥǰ
£빬ãܿ죬ͻʱһΪһŰֽⱻȾκһҪɫΪΨһ
Ǹʱ֮䣬޸ңټл䣬Զֻһ

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޵ǲܴӵзޣȻĸ˫ҲԴӲѦھеլۡзޣһ֮󣬽޵ĵطѡ񹬡
ʱݻ񹬳԰ԹǱų̨ǰܺپϱߵĴ˾̨ǣ̫ǰɴ䡣
մģĴͣȻױһ£ޱߺó»ģУΪ˽մæµȺ
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ȹȹʮɢҹұ޾ĻÿһȹϽŽ۽飬Խ˿˷Ρ
ԴԾŮɸ@صȹҫ۵Ĺâӳҵĺ֮ϣԵЩį
ǰѦɸܵΥ⣬Ծ΢΢̧ҪյøһЩ
ʹϵӣľҲδصߡܹææµµᷢᷢüüææµµÿ϶ϲЦȴע⵽λ»ʺеį
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ÿÿԵ̾һܺͱ¡
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жȥˡ
һʱ֮䣬ӵ񲿹Ա빬˾ס
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Ϊӭ׵٣ԥҪίؾѦȴ³ֱ԰ȥ
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ͻľٴ˽һ֦ΪݵŮ٣æŻŵܹ£Ҫʲô
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ڼֿɻ̫ǰءʲô飬Ⱥĸ˵𣿡
ȴţάǸһţ縲˪Ͽֺͻ
޷ֻ֦ǰȥѦǱתͷҲصس԰ȥ
ܵʵںܿ죬Ŀ֮£ɽһֻ¹ʧڻ԰ïʢĲľ䡣æ׷ϡ
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۸ϵʱԨͨĸ̨ĳʯϣԶԶƼĨԭ»ĺڷԷ衣
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, ʲô֦𾪵ʡ
޼䲻֮԰׵ɫԵøڳ, ߬һ䣺ǲ𣿴Ϊɢȥ, һ˰, ѡ
⻰˵Ϊˣһ̵ҽæҩЧ֦㵵ع, 򲻿ɰ
ʹǹȫ䣬ΪһŰֽ, , ֻ֦֮࣬ÿֲ
Ĺ, ǹ
֪֮Ĳ, ǰñйģֻǷõ, ԹֻҪ˶ӹͨһܱ¡
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񣬾Ҫҩʹǡ
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֦ʹһζıǿ󡣱£ū΢ᣬҲ湫ôáǣڱ¿ū澿ȻȷǶԹ⣬ʹӲȹʲôʹͼıҲԸΪ˹òԼϲ¡Թ׽
£ǹ׽ˣѵʲô𣿹޹ϵŮӶԸΪףܶ޸顣һδΰƵøԶ˰
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ݵʱ޶޲ίȫҪл޵ͷϣ޼ĪеΪأɷŹ
ԼǷˣŻ᲻Ҫݵ֦ͬһȻΪԥһ֮󣬾˵ȥͷϣǨŭ׽ˡлҲȷǱ¼ɡ²Ҳֵ̫˹ͷ𣿡
δ˵꼴۱ŭȶϣ
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˵ҲסģĲöְñȹȻû˵ֺ꣬ݺһӹֻڨڨڡ
ļȴܡ
֪˵ʲôԼԿסǰһԼߣһҲ뿪лѰ
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۵ͻȻü죬뵽Ӹ̨һԾµӣҲǸֹӳ¥µӡܲԸϣȴޱ֪ǿ£Ժֻᷴ֡
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ҪĻλģǿϲ£ٶЩҩٹ
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Ҫȫĸ飬ֹ飬Ů֮鰮
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ΪԿȴӴߣΪ飬ҲӦҷ֡
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֪Ϊ־壬һ˿Ҳǧ˼ζ紺ͷѹǰʱɱԹ۱ڴ£뿪𣿡
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ǣҲԸ˵ˡ
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, һһ뷼֦ιʳ, ֦Ѿڴϣ͵͵صһ䣺лл㡣
ҹִ, ʵһЩȻҲ˷ִ֦ԡ
µЩǿȵΪѿúܵ, ·ԴĲһ㣬ֻۿħϴ, ÿЦ
Իûк, Ҳûаеֻƣ, ֻ룬ǿµĿ
Ҳ֪лɵûֱӹϵ, һ, ͻ
ôɡج, ҲһʹӴ, һϣ԰á
Ҫѳɶ, ԼٳɵĽ֣֦ҲЩܣ΢ĺʣСҪô죿
С, Ÿһ, ѽѧʱ, ǲܱߡ
һ겻Ҫ뿪ͬʲôǸϸĸװ
ѦҲӿһֻܽ˸ˡ֪ģǸӡ޸顣
ҲΨˡ֦ģū澻ģһֱСߡū澻չ˺ġ
Ѧü΢򭣬ӯӯȻһˮ⡣л
յĴжϣ󣬻Իʺ岻ʲܲμӵΪ˹ȥگ£ϣޣ֮Ҫһͬʷġ
ᱻĳĳĳĳʵ֮޵ӡ֮ͬ𣬱ݣǰ棬Ҳǲһ˹ߵģǻǿһ
ͬѨߣͬѨᣬ롣
ûͬѦ˵ЩڣҲںЩȷ˵ʹͬ˷뿪ʱǾĬ޻ģƲȥϿ
´ʱѦѾãľҲٻߣҪһͬ뿪
и˺ң֪Ҫߣʮꡣ
ͷҲĺǽȴ֮ء⻰ʱ˵ʣֻʮ֣صͬѦģ·ģһὫСԼŮһԴ
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Ƿ֮ѦһҲ˵ʲôüĿߣҲ֪ȻѾֵģҲǣĳΪĺ°ɡ
ѦݸһЦתתν㻹ǳɩɩˡǽͰɩɩˡ
֦з۵СŮӤһۡв֪ʣֻټϤĸ΢ЦͯɵЦ塣Ѧ۾ʱӯŨһİ䡣
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Ļ֮ʣⶫԭӵģȻתһ룬ˣ֪ķ財
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ˡѦеʲ΢ţ߰ɡ
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뿪죬Сᣬס
ȫûعһ仰ֱҪϳʱųԯ뿪̲סһʵҪߣ
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عһǺûУȥƺûд󰭣ɫȴЩ԰סһ˫Ǳ鲼Ѫ˿ȻռҹҲû˯á
ĵ׺ƣ֮УվɿڣĮȻ˵ͷ
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仨ﾲĬǸ̬ȣֻϺòϵ˿˿һ˺ѷεۡ
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ѾԶԶĻ԰д磬ٻޡ
һжõĴоɫ֪Ĵ죬Ӵ˿̵ˡ

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¥õ壬Ⲣܡ
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˵㰲οҲʤޣܶԸʲô飬Ϊô
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úûŰɡԸڵоôúúûţñȶӳܿŶδ滸A̫ƽʢġ
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, ̺塣
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ѾˡЩ꣬Ѧÿһط, ڵصᱻ̽ͻ, ӣ, ÿ괺ķغﶬݾס˴, ĻѰˡ
ϾŮ, ޷ǰֻݵȥʱѰ, Ѱ, һ˱, Ҳ֪˱ԴˣȫѡĬϡ
Զڳ¿ȻĺҲǰѰˣֻϧȥ, ÿÿ, һա˾ͷ·ʯһ, ټ
ڼ仸ҲдţԡޣʼԡãȴһҲûмĳȥ룬ӦǲֳģҲὫɷ򣬾ܻϵĻʺֻǶڽй
ûɣΪûãǰΪ̫ܣ乬һҪʺĵȫȡײҲֻҴ͡Ϊ֮ޣһλʺ
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Ÿչ֮꣬ȴѾȤ
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ڣйĽƽ͵ΣٲμӸ¥һԾˡ룬뿪ƽڣҲ
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ϵѰңȥѰһ˿׼ȷкڸ߲һׯлZʱһ߲˼ֻλߺһλСŮʱԷֻ֮ӣΪʵƸֻ߲Ἰ򵥵ĸ߲żסġ
һ֪Ϣ̱סˣֱ˵صҪȥһˡ
һ㶣Ҳܿܣʶʣֺջ
ˡüλҲûʲô˼ƽңѹʿ壬úţģչ
޶Ѿˣʣµûʲôսԣɡλʮ꣬ʵڷζ
þõסһʱ֮䣬Ҳ֪ԼӦðڳӦԣϲƴǣ񶼲Ǻǡ
ֻѭʣҪȥְ𣿡
۵Ӧš
λӣΪȨӻԼҲЩ꣬ĸ̱ܸ֮ɣհҵҽһԵѭϵĵҲԽԽᣬ㿪ʼֵ
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ǹٻ磬طѡ˻ҡ֮գȥϣߵְ衣
̳꣬ĸ׵ķţѦɽиңһֱǸֻڳһʮŻݼʡ
ÿÿʫҪģŮϵ׽ߵʱǱĸȹӺޣǵúҲᣬЩ
վԸȥϣϥϣϵŵĳӣʣ֪ýʲô𣿡
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ݣػͿ
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ϺдİһΣ΢΢Цˣ
ҹŮʩİ֣һɷһԵ
Щ˼΢΢һΡ
̾ԵγֲԵءǴõõԵҲһԻΪԵҹŮʩüͷǹ࣬ģծԼҲôŮʩЩǡ
Ѧ룬ܿǿ˺˱ˣҲлɣͻ
ȻԷǺ⣬ҲֻЦЦлʦҼסˡ
гľŵΧôʦô˵
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໹ŷطĿ⣬ỽ¡ۻعס
ӰȴΨʢ±˴ˡǳ˼ĺˣ縲˪۵ĵһӦЩ顣
߽ЩɫȻͣ
û㣬ƼϵĺҪ
ֻ֪ڶػͣû뵽⴦

ѦɵĿӹзױһãȻŮϡ

Ŀⲻɵ鲻Խ߽ȻӲһֻعʣʲô
ֻƽȥĺ⣬˿̲ס˲
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ʵǰδеºͣ豾ܵЩɻ󣬵СɻҲûԳԼȥ
ĸոʽ̹ӣС΢ԹŴŴػ
Ѧֻļһ飬ˮԽػաӦһ˻ֹסˮ
һ£ͯ۵ʣ˵ĸǵԲ뿪ѾˣܹԵģǰĸˡĸҪ𣿡
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Ѧһ⻰˭̵ģ޿κΡЦСĸҪǰǰĸãԺ󣬰ĸٶˡ
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˵ţֱԺߣʼҲûƻһۡ
סľҲֻøϣŮɲڣҲкߡֻȥˡ
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ʱعͷЩػһ΢һ˳µظȥ
㲻ҪȥˣѵϢǻ߲˼ѾߣƺҪݡ
ʹڶػͣãǱ߾ܴϢ
Ѧ޿̣졣
뿪һλһСŮһ;˽Ǻ˴磬СŮųߵѣԸ߲
үү
Ҳȥһ԰ɣľͷʲôʱļ˰ˣļ˸öൣ
Ҳá˵Բĺкںӣȥһ԰ɡҲҵļˡ
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ʱ˺صˣЩûܾȹȵͷʯͷ϶ǰ˿²Ǻˣ˼ǮѰס
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