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1 ѧǶҷ
ϲ𣿡
͵͵ñﴫ̧ۣʻŮӡ
ñסͷжϣǸŮӡ
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ܱס𣿡ŮӼ׷ʡ
ʣв̣û˵̫أ²ѧǳΪȥʣ
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ѾǰŮ鸡ŽŲȥ΢紵ɴ¶̾İʹĳմȾɫһ
ס˺عʱŮʧڡ
˼⡣òʣôصƫƧҽ®ôñҩ䵽˾أ
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֪ڻ߳С
ǽ쿴ĵڶһ˵ļһģһ
Ϊ˲©ҵĶƫƧʶĴ򣬵ȴҽ꣬óƣ˵Ӧû
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֪סƽ̹С
ĺӣڸռ޸ʱôεĺӣŸո֪ĴڣѵҪʧȥ
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ǵĺӣҲûܴǿĺӣӦûһӰɣ
΢ϣѸ֪԰׵ϸһĨκ죺ȥ
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ȥҺɣ֪⿴ӣ˵мҪү
ɣͷһĳ棬˶һ٣ֻ֪֪׵ĲܽгıٲԥҴææȥˡ
ʿҲҵ֪ŷţֶ˲ˮ
֪ûкȣҽ飬֮ʱ衢ơףӡɽ髡зೣĳʳҪܼɵģüӱСġ
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ԭǱųġ
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ʱʱĥҲ״ͷ
ӵ²˵һ긾˵ʱ߶̫̫˵ĶŮЩ
֪֪⣬ģһ˵ҲһһĺãԶƽĸ׳ңֳսۿҪݽϱùˣȴҸ͡
ʲôŮˣЦҶϲָжŮˣЦ
ͷģ֪ȴ䡣
ԭ˭֪ϲ
ʵҲ֪ģֻ̫գ֪ǰ·һͷ˽ȥ
⡭̫̫ɵĴԡ
˵ϲ֪⣬ԴӲһˡ˵Ϊ˱ܿʱ޹д˵ȢĸǺ֪ĳ㡭
ҶòݣôǸɥǸˣֵŴҪģ鶼ʵģٸҶȢһ
޴һ߬ס֪֣
֪ͷȦԼҲģɣԭýȥ밲ģɴʱµģμˣ֪תŲ鸡ţԼסƫԺȥ
ԼѾ߿ϻܿϵľ仰˵ˣҸ˦ˣ˭ҵĹأ
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뵱Ԫڣ֮ʱһŨҵ״Ԫ౻˱˪֮⣬гδ룬ɵűѴ龩ʦ
ɣްֻʱմȾ쳾Դ̬ȡ
֪վż֮⣬ûнȥ
ǳĹأ鷿ڻҪδ׼ýš֪ſ򣬵⡣
޳ü΢΢һ֪ȻӦ
Ӳϲı֣̫ܡ֪ͷĿڣү
֧ĥ˴룬֮ʱѾڣ˰֡
һأ칫ʱš
Щ̿ȫЦ֪תһ߻طС
ڲָĺڰ˶ʱȻ¡
Ȼܿ죬ſˣϢ˽
ŷſϻƺڰɣ߽£ôů׹ȵ׵һ㣬֪Ŵչȥ⡣
ţû˵
Ĭ̬˽֪ȻͬʱôԸ˵˵Ǳ۾ҲӦܸоϲġ
Ϊ´ʱ⣬˱΢ذֻһ㻶ϲҲ㹻֧޷˵ذȥ
űӣ֪סˡ
ûлӦһ򶼲ôǵ
ĵĻӿߣ֪ţĸ˵ӵˡ
ûлӦڰĺ೤ȣ͸ů޶˸֪ץס½һǣ⣬кˡ
ãĮǾͶ˰ɡ
л˵
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2 ѧ
֪ںڰԨУ׹׹
ĺӣôǿĺӣôŵĺӣ˵˰ɡ
·ֻǳϣֵһᡣ
Ửʪޱߵͷ
ôˣȫȫ⣬׷ˣԭǴ
ţ֪ҧס촽һľ롣
ȴƲסشսڼžзϸ΢죬ܿתͷ
û˵֪ȴ֪ڿ
׻¶˿̵ԼѾġ
գڰͻȻһ˿⣬˻ޡ
֪ɲѸƫͷӵıԵhᡣ
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ü۳ͬ£λ࣬˵µʣ赲ʱ˿̵̣֪ظоĿ¡
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ĺӣǿĺӣƴУҲκ˺һһ
ָģƤĵۣ֪ߣ⣬ôô˵
һԲĿ⿴΢βڱסСϡ
֪µĴӻ¶ƽ̹СҶûУˣѵģ
ʤѩӳóɫһתµǼʱ
͵һ֪ͣĻشȴޱȻӦþ⼸ɡ
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ΪңɳɣҶͳﺬҰջϴɹɣɴװãϸ䡣
ڴϵӣҶһһɣؼҵҹڴǰߣĵɣ
֪۾ǰˮǰµʯߣס˫ۣ¶԰׵Ķͷݵ°ͣ֨ѽһ죬ѭתȥ׾Ļϲˡ
ŮڷŵģҸ˸ңɣҶҰջģ˵ܹĿġ
Ųβ룬ǳѧŮߵ׾ŮϷɬκ죺Ĳá
꽫ҽ߬У߸𵭵Цúܺá
תգ֮󡣳ɵŮڴ⣬ɷ߽ͥԺβӰɫϣ°߲߰ϸĹӰ΢ҴŵЦ
Ȣģĸף˼޸
ŮŻϲţͬ޹ģֱУ˵˳֡
֪۾
Ӧ˺ڰϡֱܷΣԶԶڴߣԶĮ
һʼľͲҲ޹ֺظ˰ɡ
԰ô꣬񣬸÷ˡ
ڰУ֪ҴӴˣһ
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֪֪ԼΣĹָˮһȥأгȼյİҲڰĽҹȫϨ
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ΣҲν֪⳶ס˫۵Ĳ˫Ŀлл㡣
ɿյ֣Ҳˡ
ɫȹڷд֪ڳȵĿУ׹䡣

֪Ȼӭϳɬ⡣
ֺܿɿתجˡ
ǰճģѾù׼ȥϳ
֪æƿСڲ˰һĿһ٣׹˹ڼϵ·
֪סϣͷɴƽʱϳʱżϣǸˡ
΢ĺϣû˵
ɣٿһԶ֣ȥ֪׷ϣ⣡
ǰͣͷڳӳ²԰׵ɫӰӣ𷽲ȵ˯ա˫ü۽ʪӷŶʲôجΣĲ
תĿ⣺ô
Ҳ˯ãĻŵ֪վסɤӣܲͷĸ˵һվͲȥˣ
ͷų۽Ǵδɵӳǵ΢⡣
Կ̱ϲŭ޳ÿվضҸɴĥĬĬܣöĺκʧ
԰׵ָǣΪ̫ݣֱܿɫѪܡã˵ͷ
ת뿪֪ŴԸϵһ
ԭƭҲǼѵ¡
ҹǵһΣǵڶΡ
ֻҪϾ鰮һϣҲһ侲һС
ԺĶƽϢˡĻ΢׵ĳ߸𣬽֪ڴǰֽ̯кī
˰ɣֻһ˵糿ɻǴδйġĸϳΪ㣬𴲴һУ̳ùʳҪȥվء
磬òͣѵ⣬ʱҰǼڷҪиһæûһۡ
裬ڼݣ֪ôŬ϶⣬Ӳؿ
Ҳɵ
֪պīֽдһжī֣״ϥ¡
ƽ죬ĸף۰ˣ֪űʣٳûдµڶС
֮ǰ̸ãȷ˼ʱӦѾ˳ĲɣԿ࣬ȣܾóľǿʯͷֻҪһҲȡ
ڿĵȷǿʯͷҲɲȡ
дµڶУУ롣
Ҫ롣
룬ڳ֮ǰ
Ӵĺǣ޹ϸ
ˣܱסеĺӡ
Ůʮ»̥ǧӣȴ⺢ӹˣ˵ϣȥ˾Ʃ˿ӣ̾һĺݣȴΪǺӵĸף⺢ȥ˵㡣
֪ʶסС룬룬ºӰѳˣܺúñ̥ǧϵĺӣпܱס
дµУԵɪг˾ȥӣ⣬δ˴ʶ롣
´ûиĸ֮вͨģԶڱݣĸס֪ⴹĸھУȴǾӦģȫϣڸϡ
ͨԺгӦûΪ
ݾʢǧվˣʮһأʮʮֵľ񣬾ٱ
֪ѡ
̫˽ɣҹֻһδ˵̽ģ뿪ʱȻʲôҲûᣬƽò̤ʵ
ͻȻ죬޻̼ѹ̫ҽˣү
ž֪бʵֽϣī֭Ľ
л˵
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3 
΢İӹ⴫һɲ
ҹ֪űıɤˡ
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⡣ʵл䡺һۣЦ
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֥ףȻʦɡлиһЦ⣬£չϷһɡ
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ҹ̫ɣΨҽȷһܷġ
ʱ䣬̫ҽõ˰ɡ
ฮС
һ߳Բ裬һ߷̵˷ɧ˼ҵĶϱ첻źţҼҵĵã̫Ӹ˻˯˭ҵĹأ
ӰһΣ̽ͷϲ֪⣬ſߵҲ˳ۣüͷһ壺ʲô
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ɣҶζڱǶˣ֪۾ɬţѽ˸硣
ʱӣҽҩЧ缱ˣҴҹҽƫʲôƤ²֭ȫԹɣҶЧΪ绹ڸһƬɣ
ƬɣϣǸ磬Ѿûˡ
練޸˵ĺ䣬ضǼˣǶ̫ʧûμӣֱȥݡ
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լϢÿ죬ʱϱ˵˽֪÷£ǸȾĲ֢û֣ý֪ѵ徲԰ѺʱҪߵĶִһ顣
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ʯ˿ӣߣһ߼ĳߴ磬Ȼõ
֪ĬĬţȴʱԺ춯ˡ
žһԸޣ᷿ʰ


4 
ź󣬾ֱȥ鷿
ᣬĻػ˲δС
˵ʱеţƺʧƽ˳ɻ꣬Ӧкӵİɡ
ǡһ˿⣬Ҫʲôӡ
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ǰȴס˵˷²ˣү᷿Ъɡ
ðĳü̧
ϲŭɰµòȴһѹŵúˣүⲡ׹ˡ
δ䣬˽ȥ
޻֪Էﴫ˳ˡ
ҲֻðˣȴǲģֻܽųһҲ뿪
Ľë΢΢һɻ꣬ǽ֪ͷһȥסѾӣʹδеʧ˷ִ硣
߽Էʱֻһյƣǳӣɫĵסˣ͡
̧һ֪ڴû´ӭӣҲû򿪣ӣ׹ˣȥ᷿˯ɡ
Ȼʹӡҿӣʹ۽ޡ
Ѿжױ£ƵͷϣĵԽСˣݣҼ
΢βּظһ籱µñѹסЩ¶һ̰׵ļƺڷ˳ŲѶ££ˡ
תĿ⡣
᷿ǱѾʰˣ֪ί㽫һ
ƽûʲôȴֲʹӡ˼ţƳϱ˿סļ뵽һֿܣҲǾó̫󣬲Բߡ
ȴ֪Ůӣˣж޷ֱ
ӣת뿪
⣬֪׹ˣ⼸컹ǱĸǱȥ˰ɣ
ûлͷ㡣
ŲԶ᷿꣬Ǳ˵ƣȥˡ
֪ⰲţһ˿
֪ΪʲôҪϸɣصۿӣܷġ
Ȼʲô֢ѲܣϴθôżԲ˯취ֻΪܵ
ɳͷβʶʹһ䣬벻⣬μ
Цǰääƾһǻ⣬صƿ
ǣֵá
һϨţ˳Էﰲ֪۾
ǰڼʱܾ䣬ȥߣŷ֣һ˵Ĵڡ֪ѱ°͵˲˯ˡ
᷿
۾û˯š
˯̫ãЩˣںܳһʱ˯߶˵Ǽݳ޵顣
ңңģİӼԶ˹ۣҹ˯ߣע޷õˡ
̤ɫԻص鷿
򿪳İȡҡ
ʯ˿߱ߣһϸɴңװɣҶҰջ׾ߣҲƽȻȴõĶ
Сңǰһڡ
ʧӰ٣ɣҶͻҲ˷ĩˣȥңƺҲҪһˡ
ΪʲôҪϣ
۾ɬţǰҹɫһŨڣĸİңң
ϳˡù޲һãװϻӣ񣬳ʱһ̧ۣƫԺģ֪⻹˯š
һɲ뵽ҹҹߣԼߵԵʰɡ
ôìܿܣʵǣ壬˵ʱͷﵭģǰʱ⡣
Ƕ̶̵죬ҰΨһĹ⡣
˱ۣеԼǽȻͬˣȴ̰ǵƣһδγ١
ү߹̫̫Ǳ߰˷ùȥһá
ţʶֿƫԺĳʳǽִ֪ģÿÿϴ꣬˱ڵذУجˣ첡ˣ춼š
ɻ꣬Σͷһ⡣
Ժʱڷɧϱô£ֲ춼ź򡭡
ǸˣҲȾϰɣ
˳뷢£ݹ룺ϱôź㣿ݵģԵ㲹
֬ײŹԲ氾ģŨʣΪǣճͷϣſܷɿ꣬ü¡
ҲԳ࣬ｪ֪׼緹ϡʵϻСˣûһĿζﾡЩըġģûһɳ֮¿ӣҺˡ
ҪߣֱסѾˣȥ
뿪ȥ
˵һקס϶ҲûӣҪǰͷ϶ϲϱãõĸȢһ
δ䣬ͷһۡ
һǵĺȴһ´Ӻǰģ֮䣬˵ҵ£Ҫܡ
ת뿪һô˵һӶҵˣһʲô
߳Ժӣ߸ߵ͵͵ĿĿʶؿƫԺ
Ǳ߲ͬǱ߰ͣϢҲǰơ
ͻȻһҹϳϤԼһӵɬζƺɣҶ
첢ûпɣңôŪɣҶʲô
ߺ󲻾ãһСţ˽֪⡣
΢дİ̧һƧԺ䡣
֪޵½Σ̧ʱڵ¶ɫȹһǡ
˼ʱĺѣʱȴŲǰֱ򿪣¶һϲĶӣվʲôôҪ̧ɣ
֪һʱۣӯ㡣
л˵


5 
Ŵؽˣ֪סƾӯ֣ӯ㣬Һ㡣
˭Ĺƾӯţۿȴˣ˵õһӶǽã㵹ã˷ͰѴǰȫԺһţ㲻㲻ֻⱲӶҪˣʲô
ӯ㣬֪չȥͷǧҵĴҵòã
£ǰûΡ
ƾӯСһ𳤴󣬱׽ø׼֣δʱҲԼۼ˶ҪԴ޸ǰЩŵȫӰ
Ĺ³ײϣٳˣ֮⣬
¹أýύٻ˼߶ƾӯţǳԵʣƾӯƾӯûܵƾӯŮʱ·Ь࣬ȴֻȥˡ
ʾһǹٻ˼ңأأֻ赭д֣㽫ǰһӲ˺
ʪ·Ҳʪ˻ƾӯģ§ס˭ҪվͲˡ
̧ᣬɫ֣˵ɣʲô£ΪʲôԼ͵͵棬ΪʲôҪİ򣿡
֪ᵽϾΥľƳŮʱʱǰʱûм޸ʱķҲ޷ȳġ
߾ȫ˺ۣ;֪δ֪⿿ڻƾӯӯ㣬ˡ
ģƾӯϲ§סˣܲܣû£ѽô˵ʱ򲻸ܣȥģ
ողһӿ֪ţˣӵ֪еͷһΪϲģҲӦõõĴɣΪ⺢ܻһᡣ
סƾӯҪ롣
ƾӯסˣһ֪ͷζԴУҸʱ̣ΪλͻȻҪ룿
ϸʱϵ㣬˰ûãɫ׵ý͸ƽڻ˪ѩǰϸɵĶ쵰ݵֻʣһ򤣬Ƶ۾ģ¡
ǳʹ࣬ôݳƾӯһʹ£ҪΣҶһ
֪ģҲʱˣֿһϣսƾӯ֣⼸ϸϸ˵е»ų˵ˣͶ
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յ
ˣƾӯŭ˼㣬ֲһ˵ģƾʲô˵Ͷ飡
ǲҪӣǾͱ㣬ƾʲôȱӣ
մʼľһ֪ţƽĮĳΨʱȻͬŻΪôһ㰮ɡ
Ѿ룬ֻҰֲУҲɿ·š
ٸ·죬Ϊ࣬һͻᴫǱרݣĸ֪ˣ飬벻ɡ
Ÿңƾӯܿ˵ڳ˾רŸˮվ졣
Ƽ壬ƾӯĵֵܣϴμʱɬ꣬һ㡣֪пǧɻ꼸ԭ£ѱ˼⡣
ң˻ڡ
ȡݹȥֵӯ㣬æҴ򣬿ͷˣ
Ҵˣںţֻһ㣬ƾӯӹպã״ӣǰ֪Ĺϵ񣬻𣿡
֪ⱾܵҪܾҽʦͽ֮䲻ڸӣضǾ͵ڰѴ¸˳ôǰĿ͹һ
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֪ԥһ£Ĳϸ˵زҲסǺӣҷһ̥ܱס
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վҪվסͣ⣬óıǲƣһŻʱ򼸴μ죬ס⣬֪£Ҳ£вĳʶһ࣬Ʒ
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ҪҪģĴˣϢʧȥӣģҲʵĴ򣬺ɱס֪ĬĬñɴ
ƾӯѡȡǰǧ¶
Ҵ뿪֪ԽԽԶĽŲһġ
ٳţʾɣû֪֮ʲôģȴǼģһ˲
Ųܿصǰƾӯ͵͵漴𣺡̫ҽλѲ¶棬Ҳܸ֪ݣ¸ܸκˣʦѣɽܣ
֪źΣȵߣá
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ǣйأĺӻȣΣܷ
⣬ƾӯ޳Ӱۣ񣺡̫ҽһжˡ
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͸ɴãߣ֮£ض񡣡
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ҿҩȳţʱ価Դ
ߺ󣬻ƾӯһҩլҵޣⶼҵĸʲô㣬ԺǾ棬ҩҲ߼˸͹ȥ
ҩζ̫Բͻᱻ֣֪ûƴǣʱȥţ衣
ҲҴȥģĹϾΪڻ˳뿪ùİǸġ
ƾӯŮûꡣǰɫ籾ƴɵİ£˵Ӥܷ׻һ޲֣֪Ϳʼˣÿ籾ֲüһһ߷ġ
ƾӯϸܵţȦֺˣԽˡ
Ǳȴǰ˺ܶࡣǰͷһθʱдСббӣ·Ь࣬׶һһյĺŮˣ߻Ȳ÷ﻹҪϼ֡
ɵ
⣬񣬡ƾӯһңԸѳϲפ
ö֬ƽɰͿȾķ̴ִ㣬̵ʮ㸡Դȶ¡
˵зΪ飬Ҫͽϸɽڵիо죬һö
ƾӯǧȴ֪ᣬսƾӯӯ㣬
ӳţƾӯĶ̣ǧǧչ˺Լ
һģ֪ĬĬӦ
ͣฮţķȥ˵Ķ̫̫ڿޣҲûԡ
֪ͷ֮ԸҳȥôãҲָ֪˼ܣÿÿʱܻϴ죬ǹ˲Ĳ硣
ƫԺŴգСװԷ֪Ľţһ
ˣҲˣҪģһǱ̥סŵ׻ŵʱ
֪ŶСɺãͬһΣ׻ߵ
ʱõҩˣ֪һаЧʱ˯ȥ
ʼصǰׯéܵͰҰճʯǰ˫۵ת䴽ǣˡ
֪ᵽɣҶ;ջңԽԽԽԽŨͻȻ޵Ľү
֪Ȼվڴǰɴʿ
֪⿴֮䣬ƸԶľ롣У
ɢңۣ΢΢̧ͷˮʪģǰڳ⡭
ͻһ


6 
ǰ⣬һҰʱ⣬һʱ⡣
ĵףӲκܡ
⧲ģ벻˿˵
ô֪
ǰһҪ׷ʣ֪תú硣
ͬˮɢһ˿
µ񣬻ʲôʵģ˰£ǲֵһᡣ
ǳ㣬Ȣǳ㣬һӵʱ򣬽еҲǳ㡣
ǰ⣬ƿӣ˫ͫΣ
֪ⷢеļУ䵭ҲᷢΪʲô鷢
һˣ־ЦʲôΪʲôʲôϵҡҡͷûʲôҼиׯ
ѾûˣǴεø״ׯеˣٺɽ飬ׯӱ׳٣еĺۼˡ
Σ͵һ
˵ܾʲôǰȻץסִָˡ
ׯ֪ȥΣˮֻʣƬǽǰһжʧ٣ͬҵİ⡣
ַӣҲ⼸Դ鷳ĸ˵һ
ԭеĺٴ̧ͷǰҲɴӲôССԴԽǳӣⲡҪԴ
ǷǶִۣ֪Сˡ
ӳź籱ɫ޵ýĿתĿһƺʹ޼Ȼ֮ǰӲĬĬҩ۵촽ס
֪֪ڿʲôҪҵµ֤ݲܷģֻ̫磬֤ݣû׼á
֪β֪Ϊʲô۵ҹ϶Ҫ˯ţ컹Ҫ𣬲ȥ᷿˯ɣó㡣
üȥ᷿ôһҹߡֻҲ˵һԲת뿪
ǰŸߣСææչ޽ѪŪˡ
һ޼Ѫ򿪸ʱһ֪⧲ʱŻ
θ﷭ӿţǻĿһ¶ˣ֪ԽԽˮɿˮæıСƷ˹ӣɿвѪζڣ̼ؿţ
ƾӯ˵ͷ£Ҫµġ
Ҳ£ҪţҲǺͷ
ǺͷأĺӣѸԼĴڡ
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ɵ˶ˣģ޶ˮ
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ѪȾ´ģ˲ܼװ£ƭ
ֻǧ㣬ȴû㵽ǰû㵽Ѫ£ܵز
Сƻʱ۾ӲãӦһʼȥŪġ
㣬֪ҡͷûо顣
ôоأ˻жǷŹУҪѡоҹչˣ˭زأٿҲֻԼأ
˼ʱһΧţǧٳģСţƫүôġ
˵æȦȴҲˣҪҪȵľ¶ڣȥá
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׵ӦѾ·ˣ᰾ʮ죬ĺӣ
θһƽ֪˶ҩҪ˯ʱͻȻ뵽ƽնҹſϻؼңôô磿
鷿
žڣл䡵ĻýݣЩȥ˰ɣ
ߣǽ֪⻹ţɷӦö֪ΪŽƲʱĶľĳʱĻ飬˼伲ܻ࣬ż
ҲԸ⸨л䡵ԭ֮һѣһʵľôһ
ֻҪɷҲɷ򣬽ֻ֪ǲòΡ
ϾӦúչá
𽪼ˣһ̧ۣסۡ
ǿ̹ĵˣƫƫЦòԽģŬţǰģȴǽ֪ģ
䣬¶ֱ۰׵Ǽ΢죬Ҳǣﷺˮ⣬ɤǰڳ⡭
˱ۣ̫컵Ļ׿ĵȴ׼ȷҵԵ޹ǰĻشʲô
ʲô֪ǰ£ʲôù飬Ҫ
ĬĬ⼸ȴһǻѵˡɻ꣬˳ĬĬһУ䵭ҲãҲãӲԹ֣ƺûʲôѡ
Ū𣿿һڷǷǸʹ˵£ɷзûκµĺۼôŹ֡
¾ڣƫԺȥ
ܾǰԼ»ûʱҲôûͷûԵʹǲǵǴǰ棿
ǵȻ棬ͷһȥƽ򽪼ʱƳӰζһĽ۵
Ȼزʶ̲³˭ƵüۣůϢƣǽ˵ã֪⡣
һգۣѾˡ߽ƫԺտҹҹϢߣǰļصңֲĸ棬ĸǼ١
£СѾϴ·ˮɫʺ죬ȾѪ´ڱϡ
ƳһۣûѣȻ£ʹ̡
ֲҪȥ᷿ס
ŽȥԷ澲ĵģ֪˯վڴǰӿ񾲵˯գͻȻУү¼빬
ֿһۣת뿪
֪С
ǰһʱǰǰׯһʱ⼸ľȣӰ룬ɳɷ׵
ڳǰڵֱֱλ֣һ
֪ڰ᣺棬۾ԥţȴͻȻ˳ȥ
⣬ŻһѪ
תɺҹ͵͵ȥˣŨصľŵǰ̧ۿŹ⣺ˡ
ɫ´棬һ֮ǰ֪б͵ૣˡ
ĴĴϣ


7 
©С
éܵͰʯߵ껳ǻϲӭˣˡ
ЦᣬϢůԽǼУԽǸһŨͻȻ˽֪⡣
УӵĴϵ˰̣ȣʪĺһֹ¶Ȳ
ǸΣһԣԹǸ˳Լδ
һʼͲӦãеİԭøһġ
ͻȻ͵͵Ļ࣬ѡ
Ȼ
ƫӺ¶ߣл䡵ĸ̫ڽ´ȥá
¹ڣš
깫ѽл䡱޹Уԭſ飬û뵽Ȼ˯ˣôһΡ
ǹŹ֣μ֪⣬ݡ
ɢµڣ߽ȥʱлڿͼոյܱǰ˳ƽظֹˡ
лɣл䡵壬ʱأһвȵ۵̫֮λȵ۵ǻ̽ǨװΪңүȴܼӣʲô֮ġ
ЩлһֱʵʵװȵۼݱʱҲκ춯л䡵ǻûжװǱͻȻлɲ֪ʱ뿪ȥ
лΪ˼ٳ빬鵽ҹ̫٣ûȷлɵͼ
ǰһͷų̿ĵͼ˳ƽأװˮ½֮ͨأǽĹٵ˵ؽ磬뺣ˮ·лͻȻҪʲô
֮Ϊлʵ
ŵͼϴ˳ƽصĳǽͼ˹֮ⲻ֪жٳ͢ߣЩлɺʱ뿪Ķ֪˳ƽֻͨذûлӹܼأȴ˳ƽر˷֡
ǣûдм
˽뿪Ǵ֮лɲôİѱ˼ţٵȵȣµòԼһϢˡ
л䡳ţΣãǾٵȵȡ
Ц˳ƿеڳޱߣµģһŰɣ͸ȥ԰ˡ
ŮŰںţǶ磬ٲҩٲͷø֮ĳʳһɲ뵽˽֪⣬磬һ׼øʳĬĬΪˣڴؿ
֪ڴʲôܶ˵һϲ˵еĻᶼ˱ѣý꣬ԡ
лһ˿ѾӲˣһ÷ҲûС
ฮС
֪ҩڴϣСڴظϵŶʵͷʲô
̧֪ͷŸ縡̴ľСϻͭСסȰƴ˶١
װӣģʯ˿ӣߣһÿһҡ
֪ӹǰ಻ǰ
±ߣþȫסʯ£ݵ屻קţҲҪ׹£Ȱ֣ȴֻҧסң
ʼղ֣ʯͷͷֱۣ˫۵ɴѪ˿ھ
ʱȣѪȾȹȾ֣ýеһӸѪҲѪ˵û£ؼңƧɽ·ǻΪۣȡ
Ӻϴɾˣ뻹ͷŰɡ
֪ˣϻ꣬ʱ̫ãɫѾҵİ顣
ϻӽޣŻȥɡ
Ҫˡ
һȵİǷ಻Ƿˡ
԰С
ԽҵļҲƵĳˮ룬ܵĺȲ˷ͷۣڵסǿҵչ⡣
ǰȬȴԺԵĺۼǿ⡢硢ɳоʣɴУ֪˺üֻǽĳϲʺϴš
ʶеɴʯɴ֯ӣߣԼ֪ƫɫЩŵС׹ҡɴ֮ģȫôġ
һǸһֱţӲκ˿Ϊʲô֪ɫ
ۣ죬ۿʼյ̣ӳ˼̧ͷںӶ԰ȺͻȻһſ̹ĵ
̫ǿҵ˼㣬ǰӰѳһе˺ޱسǰ߬ס֣˺
ǽˡ
ͬüۣͬЦݣѩӺۺɫȹӣ뵱һģһ
ˣԲ鸡ţһж󣬳ڻ߹ȥˣ
ͻȻס⡣
л䡣̽Цݺ㣺޿ǰͷ
Ȼع
ֺȺʵ԰У̾ۿԸʱ߶ʧǡ
л䡱Ƿʧ̬Ρ
ɬͷǡ
ˮƳһۣסʮԵλãڶۣɿƵؿ԰
ûнˣʧˡ
˺ţתĿ⡣һʼӦþǴĵ׵Ѳˣôڴʱ˵أͻȻ
ͷʱָƽص䵭£еһͻھ󡣡
ȫǽлЦ
ƺû﷢ſ࣬ĵģο԰
û˳ʧˡ
ЦĴ
һʼ͸ʶģŮӵķζж棬Ůǳ̡ǳװŮƷ¹ڣôܿʲôѩۺɫȹ
ɳܵģߴ뽪֪ĵһʧǣһֻ޼ҿɹĹ
ۣٴ죬һ۳յ㣬лǰΪʤ߰䷢ͷĬĬں棬л䡽⣬ôˣ
̫׵ô̧ۣͷް
޿ɫãл䡴Ҳûʲô£ؼȥɣ
ݷ˵ȥɣ˻ڼﲡأ
֪ΪʲôߣΪŽƲ׵У׽֪⣬ֶŮ鳤ͨ룬ɴʱ¼ƣЩн֪ʱԶ˰ĵƽ
תѵĵ̰߳԰
ңڵγƬİף˽ģŮࡣ
̧ۣӳеģѩӣۺɫȹ


8 
֪ϣȵúܣСȴ׹ţһšۡ
е£֪̥ʲô֢״ȴܵظоⲻ춯йء
ȹһɵģûѪԷȻǲ̤ʵޣȥ˻ƽʽܲ
޴ӦȥˣǻЩ۵òôˣ֪ССˮͷ乵ıһð˳
¹ŰҶѣŴķ϶͸ƱǼ⣬ڣʮԭӦǻϲģȴһΪŶĺӵ¡
֪һ
ܻţǺȫܻš
йСƣ˻˺˵Ҫؼס졣
ĸǾͬģĸ֪źܣͷһ¿϶Ѻңǰĸ͸¶£˲ôˡ
ؼȥĸôҲȳ׶Ը˵ĸŮĸٺģҲʧȥӡ
ǰǹʪ׹۵ĸоˣ֪Ŷӣ۵еΣȥ
СƷȥˣ֪ҧǿסʹ
ȴͻȻСƵľУүˣ
δ䣬˽
ȵĿЮţһ𴳽һ԰׵ϸŵĺ죬Ŀֱֱ
֪ܵӻסӣƽɫôô磿
û˵һߵǰ
ޱһ֦񻨣ϵɣ飬Ⱥģǰվסƽһ㵭ĮɫΨһ˫۾þˡ
֪вԤУ⣿
ʵ񽪼ˣϵüëŨ°͸⣬Ǽò֮⣬ֲ¶ľǿ
񽪼ˣһʼͰֵúȻĸо̫ˣֻۣϸ˵ŻȫԵԼڰ֮ǰ
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Ƕд޵òѳһУһۣ֡
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ҽŮգ̫ҽԺˣ뽪ͬ·Ƶ԰аݼ
ǹһĻȣˣ
֪У߬ӣûЩȥ
ȴ¶ֺѾȥˣΪʲôͻȻǹˣô⻰ڣ
߻мĺƤ͸ɾܿûͿĨۣ̹֬Ȼԡ
ôǰĲ²ǴģΪӳŲ¶棬ǰ㷴ľֹضԭ
ǿɵɣҶζ
ת˾Ϸ裬ԡͰжϴˢøɸɾ۾ܿʲôۼָԡͰľķ϶һ¡
ˮľͷζϡֱܷɣҶ
ָ飬Ĩȥˮٿʱ伸֣ɣҶˮ
֪һҡ
ҪըǻС׹ŽţʹԽԽ֪ͣסģ֪ˣô֪
һ۲գɫƽȴԾزţʹǴҲ΢΢
ں£Ȼ
ߵǰǰʱСȥԺ
Ժɽǽ£п
Ʋȥǰҹݺݵ˽֪⣬ضʬΡ
⻹˵ϸС֮£罪֪Ⱞʲôʲôʱչ˵ȵȣ˵̫࣬Ĳɣûмס٣һǼǵõġ
Ʋ˵һ¾ͻ᳤ɣҶˮϴ
Ž֪⣺ķΪ
ͻȻʧȥѪɫ߬ȭָ߬ϵĹǽڶ˰ף촽˵һ֡
ѸдԵ޹ֿԣʱŪôһΪ˹űջ谭ߡ
˵еŴصýģﰵúܣ˼Ҫ˵ʱ˵ıӶ˶žͺͷбƵġ
Ѹһűպϵ˷ԴΪڹرŴѾ߶ڱ
ѾĻӱΪ˺ӡ
ǰһҪڣ֪ǰͷǡ
ߺȣƽͻĵӣŪˣû
û˵ͷβϳ˫Ƥĺۼڵ޽Ĭ
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ضץʲôѱͻȻѣӲް֮£ʣѾ֪˴𰸡
ϣкӣĺӻҪ
סСĵȻʹ֪񣺡ҵȷɣҶˮǻ̫ҽĸ׽йȥˣܣ֮ǰɣҶˮκ˷СȥժɣҶԺǸɣСƲŴӺԺȥˡ
ôѣСͺܹԣӲ˵ѻɸ˵ʱ˵ҲǱԼֶΣѧѧ
ôѣҪٻ滰٣ѷֱ档
ɣҶˮ棬СƴӺԺȥժɣҶҲ棬ǳȥԺʱСȥԺҲ棬Ȼ֪СƵ٣ضǻ֮ǰͲɣ鵽ʵͼ
ĬšǰƫԺĶ˵ģ鵽Ķܶϣ˵ģ
Сƽ
СƵͷ˽
֪ƳһۡͬûɣҶˮϴҪϵӣʾɲţСͣɣҶˮϴͿź֬ڸǣϴ֬ϸϸ飬ѷֻӡ
̧ͷ
С̧ͷؿүʲôԸ
Ŀӹͣڲһǳǳĺ㣬Ǵ޷ȷϣģС֪ϵĺ
Ҳӣ
ûУС̷ϣҧģ
ԽԽˣ޷Ĺͷ֪ͻȻеЦ
ЦԼ
ʮߡʮˣʮ꣬޸ܹǰߣȴһ빬أҹſϻһΣȴͻȻһôá
֪ŴүʲôôãߵˣҲҪô
ءһۣһʱȥ
֮ǰ̲ϰٰȻ֪󰸼ҪģҪȡ֤
˽⽪֪⣬ıа۲صľǿδҪ磬ֻҪԶһ
֪ÿһֵ֣ǣڲˣֻǾСԽԽ䣬ֱ׹
Ȼֽס𣬴˺Σ˺ĺӣ
СͻȻһѪˣ
֪ͷѪȾ£ϣɫĺ졣
үˣ˽У̫ҽˡ


9 
һжʧˣһƬţ֪µİ졣
Ѫˣḁ̊́ĺӣס

ڽСƣץ֣ŵȴڼΣû´ˡ
̵ֹ̹ģҵͻȻק֪ţ˳ǰûˡ
ֻǳѪѣǲأóסΪĺӣס
һסͷüëšúܽȥʰһ¡
֪ſӲܵľٶ޴Ӳ²⣬֮䣬˵̫ҽԺμࡣ
֪һ飬ô
һקӸϣͷʱָƽص䵭̫ҽأ
̫ˣʦǱӦѲվż֮⣬ͷ¹ǰΪ
̫ˣظһ飬ʲôʱ£
֪ڳ壬źôȻǴñ˵Ҷģһϳ̾ٲ
мҲԲߣ̫ǱԺ԰ţ¹ٲ֪
ͣƬ̣ͷš
תͷᱧ֪⧲ҭɤʲô
ͷûʲôѪɫİףȹմѪĺ죬࣬ƽʱۻ඼˱ᣬʱȴĵĳط˽ϧ
ӲУһ˳ȻҲƭűƵ̫ˡ
ȥʰһ£ͷ
ۿѪϰݣҪ𣿽֪ھŭɤ󣺡Ҳһǽ壬ˡ
һۣû˵ֱ֪֣ۣҡҡ⣬òã
ǵģģ֪ϧʲôŷ賤һԲ˾ڶϷźãùë¡
ɫëûȾѪѪƺֹסˡСƣʰ¡
תҪߣֱ֪ס⣬ҲǸ̫ҽ
Ӱϸ飬ЩĪĽꡣ
ߡЩ˽⣬ŮǸЩѰҽҩҲ˶ɻ䣬ʹ֮£ԼǲݵģǶŸд
ҲѹǰʹʱĬĬҩӲд
ֻǽ죬Ѿ֣ûĵ
ɿһӣ˳ȥ
Сƴæô죿
ô죿֪ҧ촽ȿӣĺӡ
ֽ£Ҫֲҿ¿ģ޷صĺ
ѪˡСȵʪëѪŵ
֪ȫһۡ
ѪȾɴ㣬ֻ࣬ǰƴһƬΪ·ӵȾϣˡ
ѾٳѪˣС׹ţۣȻѪˣӦû°ɣ
ô죿СƲɾѪ滻·Ǹ̫ҽͷš
ڣһˣͻ֪¶ǻУ˵ᷢ͵͵ˣǰеʹȫ׷ѡ

ֻǣô֪⼱˼ţš
⣬д©̣ˮһε£̶һ֪ʼûг
šüӣΪߣȻ伲ҽ
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߽ȥһѳӣ֪⿿ǽŻûȹһԲùȹӹסᱧ
⧲ѿںſң
һɲǣ¶͵һҪϸʱתץ齵ıأȥҲ⣬㣬òã
һۣ
Ŀԣϸˮ⣬ҧŴȷ֮ǰɿת⣬Ҳˡ
ģҲģǰһ˳һƳҲĴ
ɿס°͵֣µ̫ܣܲڣֻ뾡档
ץ齵ָԷȥ֪̫ᣬ̫СƺۣһֻʼŶӣ׾ٹסԷ
ȹϹӸסŽ֪ڴ£ŵ
֪ԼС޿κ֮£ֻڴ˼Բߡ
ŲԶˣԶԶվڴβ
ý𹳹ʣ¶֪ɡ
µӿܶܣ֪һģǾͶһѣ
ŲУߵǰóط֪ͻȻڣ⣬㻹ǵûƽɣɸ̡
Ҳ˵Щ⣬̧ͷ֪⿴ʮߵͣٶĿȻ˾Ρ
ƾӯ˵ƷƾӯضǼĵġ
֪⿴ģ˵ŻƽҴСѣұ׼档
죬Լ֮ڣҪƾӯҲҪģȰ£»ƾӯ˶Լ
ǻ飬ӦеĲ
˽֪һۣΪʲôͻȻЩɵ£ȻύԱеģ
֪ⲢĻش֮ǰƾӯѾϰ¶Ӳں顣
ˣǰִ󣬡ڿʼ
֪ͷ
ת˵ǻĵӣ£۵úܣҲȥˡ
Ƴ̧üһֵۣͷû˵֪ɻ½Ȼͬ󣬻ڲ²İʾ
ҲŽ֪⣬ЩŹ֣ǰܾʱʧӲԹʲô죬Ļеࡣüר
ٹ£ƽĺӾˣ֪̾Ϸȴеʹ࣬⣬ΪʲôҪӣˣѵҪҶ
ϵָ΢΢һ̧ۣ͸ż־֪ûж㣬ɫԣҡ
ˣϡ
ǰһ޳ŨصѹȸУ˵
ݣȴҲ̹Լµ鲢ϡ֪ûٶ˵ķӦ֤˵ĶģͿôѡˡ
һڳҴУĴһΣ
ɫƽţ΢ͷϸϸãһֻʼһԲ
֪ⲻ֪ʲôŵʱ˼ƮڰյĲʵС뼸֮ǰԼʱֿܣų᲻ˣȻƽȻʼУŵ󣬳ضһǵĺӣһڣڡ
򣬴ԤС
֮ǰĵףΪлϲԴʱӲ뵽еʹ࣬ҲΪ
ʱúÿһϢϳ˲ӣͷڣ
վȿ֪⣬ſ
ɫʮƽ֪޷̽ģֻǽŴһ䱸ֻ̬סӡ
Σʵ
л˵
һѵģ+ǿȡᣨ֮xֻһ˵Ľ㣩ղһ°ɣԺÿôô~
ӳ衷ʱۣ
˳꣬ԣ½ϡ
ڽǶȻһزüƯµꡣ
ʮԣ
ˮȣʶֶ飬Ƹʦָ㣬ϰգ
ϸ壬΢ĸصĴڡ
....Ĵڡ
ƫƫ޷Ƶ˼
ߵҹЩ˵ϲܿ
ΪֻҪɢͻƫͷ
˭֪ԣͻ顣
ôܹЦỰֲ齫£̫ƽϳˣһжԲ
˵˵ˣҲܼ޸Լϲˡ
ϵЦıһƬƬ˺飬۵ľȻȴ˿ûз
*
Ըޣ벮ɻ鵱ҹȴ޹ʧ٣䲻
ǽԺİ
۵ˣϤİǸڸǰĹꡣ
һϮɫ£ָϸϸĦԣࡣ
ɫͬĿĵɺ죬ɫδķ
Ϊʲôң
Ѿװ㹻ԡϲˣѾ
ֻҪڰߣʲôλöԡ


10 
жݵļž֪ס˺
ڿڣ˵Ĳ
ͣôʣ֪˫ֻסӣ̧ۿ
ɫƽҲǣûпӦ޼
޼С
Ȼɳ֪߬ģֽٺѸС
һأͦˣͦˣ
ʲô޼ţĿճȭϡ
֪æɿͷʱĻش𣺡ʹ޼鹬Ѫͣʱضʹ̣ҩЧ̫¹֮ġ
֪ͻһѾ˻е飬ʱѰҩȥˣȴġ
еĺѾʮΣգʩȡ
֪ģ㲡ǼʱģΪѨλԳʱĶŮҽ
ȴǸˡ֪ͬ
ģʵ
˫ۡСȺ˫ţ÷¶Щط
Ҫ¶ô֪࣡ͻͻţӺȻȴǰة̻¶ɸʩ룬˷¡
λȨᣬﲻ֪ж˶ţ´ȥǰ̣Լз
۳䵭ɫһԲ֪֪ͬ⣬ϧëôΪ
ɶһֱ׹ŵۣ֪ƼȣԲðģôóΪǰ;ϾĻ᣿
֪ҧҧҪʱͻȻ˵ʩɡ
֪ھУŵüĿͻȻƽ
ڻƬëۣŽ֪⡣
꣬ȻⱣ־룬ȴڲ֪У˽̫࣬ƩڣƵˮ⿴֪ǾȣȻͬʩ룬ҧŴҲ֪ʧͬ⡣
ԼΪ˼ʲôʲôǰ;ΪẦЦΪУΨһĹ³ʹǱ׳ˡ
֪ϣܣϵϸ࣬Ըʼ
Աߣ˹ʮںɫ޲ϣ˸޶˱˺¡
֪ⲻԾһ¡
ǰһԼû֮ǰִļ硣
ֳ֪һҪʱȡµһ룺˲Ҫɡ
֪ûٶˣźǸϸ⣬ٿش̽Сۡ
ۣ飬е˵֪ͣʶ㣬ֱΰסһƫͣ͸˵Ŀܡ
֪ҧͣڶ̽󣬶Сȡס
ʮգۼ̽һ룬ϡϡˣ΢⣬ĵطʹģСеů⿪ʼ£Կǰʪ׹۵ĸо
֪տʼڿ۾ɣ˵Ҫͷ
ϵ뿪ˣɿóλá
֪ۣվڲ棬Ŀ
ڵĳü΢΢һ㣬Ĵţ¶Ĵߣ䵭׽
֪촽˱飬䡣⻰û˵
Ĵ͵شʹִ̽һ룬֪۵˻һڵĹһüͷһЩ
֪֪̫̣ˣԼˣǰ۾ôصˣʧʱֻʮ꣬ȴӲԹһ۶ûнй
ı֣Ҫȴһġ
֪룬ϲԼҲɣǰϾʱ۾ϵ˿˺ˣѪȾ˰ɴŰһεεʪ֡
ɻ֪֮ʱı֣ԼҪΪܵģΪʼѹͣٿ۶ԶЦӭڣںˡ
һ붥ģ֪˻һüʵҪ٣
һˡϸϸһ飬˼λãһ룬ڴڼ䣬ǧҪ
֪ⰲţʪ׹۵ĸоʧһ룬ԽԽůȻҽ
ͺˣֻǣô˵
ϣŽ֪⣬ͷֱۡСȺͽŵףĶ룬ĬĬţһʮ
ζĿʱҲ룬˵۲ʲôɽ֪ǲһģۣ϶Ǻ۵İɣҲѹһֱ˻ţǿ̲סģ
ٴηֽϧŲԾشļ磬뿿֣ʾο
ɳܵģ
նϷҵ˼Ҫ뿪ʱ֪⡣
֪ͣΪֻܶƽƽţĿǰҾĺЧ̫ҽɡ
дҩɫרעţƺûǵۡ
ᣬ̫ҽ꣬ȴеӵ棬Ҫ̻¶ġ
Ǹգ뽪ôƵİա
̫ҽԺ̶ˮúء
ܾˣܺãػ
˵̧˳ȥ
͵ͣѯҩ֪ҧŴѹͷİա
˿
ûͬ⣬ͲܽʱˣôӦ
˼ǲ֮ʱһѾȼ룬ϸϸ˵ŵֵ֮ԴϢһʱ䣬Բ洦
˱ǹ·ԴҲ֪⣬л
߹ҩ߰ɡ
ת뿪æϣֻ֪лҪ֪һȥòֹһѾѾңȥˡ
һԾߣģɴʱֻ֪һ˸ãø
һ·СܽͷȫǺѾˣ˵ȥϵ̫ҽû°ɣ
̫ҽոġ֪ⰲοûˣȥЪЪɣٹӣƽǱ߾͸ҩ͹ˡ
ȣŸķӦֻѰĲҩ۾Ѿҩ͸ƾӯżҩҩ¡
ôĻʵ٣ôڰ
֪йСƣ˸˵һ˵ȥס졣
۶ѳ˳ؼңı̥
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񣺡ո˵̫ˡ
̫лɵĸؾͷʱȵ̫ڹΪТʵΪǣлɡ
лɫȻѾʮ죬̫ǰϢѹţողű
ԭˣôлɹľٶҲ˽͡¸׼
죬鵽ɢûлؼңةһĸǰʹǰѣϴͻȻһ˿
л˵
бʸ£ģvǰҪոvոһ9㷢~


11 
͸սϰ緹ڵ࣬аźǣǲԣܲԡ
Щǽķˣ֪ûͷ
޹ʱܻһͲ緹֪жٻأһҲ¹
ûͷ
ҲûͷȻڹЪޣȻ֪飬Ҳ͹ǡ
ʹ滻ѣ۴ţʵûأûţ
Ͼͻ̫̫ͷˣ·ҲϴӼġ
һ١
ܲԡ
ϸһ㣬Դǰһ緹ûһù˵⼸æܲڼңȻǰҲǰȻܹľûͻȻô
һţζͬ
òķʳϣЩŶĿζ̵ӲȻأܰŵǡôڲ֪Уϰߡ
һǡ
ôؿڸ֮ΨһƫõģԼʱʵĹϹźǲŸвãʹҲ֪㣬˸
̫ۣȡȿһҧһˮſɬζ
֪ܻǣĶǳŴģڵİϣðСһмټߵļǣøһͱȡ˳
ÿţڱϰţܰģֻС죬żؽһ⡣
ǣֺ֪ĻȻ
ԭ֪ʱѾϰĴڡ
ʱΪĵƻʱϸ˵ҹʱ壬ϸϸ꣬ʱ벻Ĵڣһûˣʱͻûܡ
Ϥģĸоӿˡ
ʵǣɳܡ
ɣӸţ⼸첻ȥ
죬ҲԼ侲죬ֻԣܶκʲôǶ
ۼҪߣ룬ֲһ䣺ż׵ˣĶŷˡ
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ûʲôģηѣӦúܺãȻͻȻ䵭
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ͣסӣϸĻһжǴϣ˺ӣ˵˰ɣһУǴʱʼġ
ฮС
֪ɰԣ˵ƽǱߵĻظ˵޵Ĺﲻܣϣ˻˵ﵱһҪޣ񶯲ҪңȥƽЦ
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ؼң£ҲţҪӦүѾˣɺ˻һھ;ܾˡ
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δʱԺһֱТ˳벻ͨĸŮΪʲôͲܶ۹أ
֪ĬĬţһ仰Ҳû˵
ĸ׵ľܾûгϣĸ׶һô䲻ȵġ
ӺķףûӵĻŮǲԻȥģĸ״ӲȥҪȥʮΣҲһܴӦһΡ
ȥˣĸҲֻǵģûûʲô
ĸŮһֱ׽Сĸ׸ľڳϣ岻ãԭҲҪĸ׵ĹעûΪ˱Թɴʱ˿̣ʱҲǿĸ׹ذġ
Ҫôӻȥһˣٸ˺ú˵˵̽ʵ
֪Ĭţãҡҡͷˡ
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ǰĸ׶ֻǲ䲻ȣִ޸ĸ׶ԼԹİɡ
ſˣСƴӳȡ緹ģԽԽˣⶼʲôѽ
ģͷʣģʲһҲûУֻһϣһ̲ˡϴԼǿڼңձûйȥź򣬹˿ʳ
һɫֹסСƣھȥ
ˣ֪ⲻƽϣ˳ȥɣЩ
ڼңûܹԼϣôҲ޷ϣһ²һ£ֺαظ
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ĸ׳ţ棬иҵŮԸȻ׺͸ǳս⣬һӦĸ֮ѿ֮£ֻҲǱ޳Ī
иŵĵط֮һĸ׷ʲô޴ȥ
ԸСƣǵУӸóǱ߰լʰʰ
ϵլӣСԺ㻷Ҳģǳʱ˸ģûȥסֻǱ߿š
Ϊʲôլĸû˵ʱҲ¿ԼǸ·
ʲôίͶ·룬иĵط
֪һ鰮ʲôҲΪоܹõӦɸѵģֻʣ³ʱ򣬸ĸ·
ſˣһӻͳܷõĴƿģ̻˵ҩӵˣùȥ
֪һȷʵµһУһصڣǳ׹ȥˡ
ֵղ·ԶԶźǺﵱЩ
꣬ҴææӺˣ֪üˣֻʲô
ƫԺȥ·ϣɻŷģСʵģǲڶң
Сҡͷû񡣡
һԺźģԺʲôķԸģ⼸ȥ𣿡
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˵ǰñţ֪밲ү⼸칫̫æҹزСĻһ
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12 
ߺ󣬽֪ҩ˿Ŵ÷ڡ
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֪Ƭ̣ȻӦԼǳ˵ģ֮ųԷĿζ˰ɡ
ʶסӣƮŸţ֮ʱͷһУܵ˺ӵĴڡ
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ӡ֣õ֣ͺ񲢲ǵʱƵġͣƬ̣ʱ͸𣿡
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лɵһͬģҹΪ̫Ĳ嵣ǣ˵˳ƽظĹ飬ΪٳٵȲеĻظ뿪װȥ㣬֪أѾдϣҪл
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лѼگװľעװڵĶ˰üģװľݣͽƲ׵פء
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ʲô˼ΪǸɥǣҽаˣ
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13 
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ɳܣȴ̲סٵģ
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СվڰߣȵˮˣΣѽ
¶ǱС׹±ߣµ۾Σѽ
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Ǿϱʯ˿ڣ˲ʰҪȸѪӲţоϸϸָȵŴŵģġ
кܶϴ֣ĨȥµĺۼƽһΣҵ˻ȥɡ
ҷȣס֪⣬Ȼɿ
ǻزȥİǰôƵĸо˵ϵ˿ڣջ
ںڰͷǱֿɳܡ
ˣǸСһڵ£һܺ°ɣȥģȴϡ
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ú֪ɥǣµĸ֮Ĵʣϴǰġ
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ź̫̫ү죬ﲻʹ죬ԺϢͨҲ˰ϵĽ˽Ʋԭ򣬡үʱԸ˵̫̫־ţո̫̫һӾš
֪˵һʲôʱ£
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14 
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ϻ˸ﶷﲻˣޣбһӱ
ּֽʱƵ̶֪࣬ȴͻȻһ˿
˵ģϳٻ˼ңδʱҲ֪ʶĹ㣬Ϊ޷ˣͱţӴ˺䣬εǰô֣еЦ
Ҳ꣬ϳ֮ʱҲһ㽹޺ɣһʧĥձú̱ϸˡ
ˣŮ˵治ڵڶͶ̥֡
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15 
ص֪Ȼ񲻶
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16 
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˫ǼңŲԶľһ˫峺۾ͫ׵ɫ񽪼һһĵ´档
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˵ǹ³ᵳӪ˽ĺֺڣΪбԶһУˣûʲôý
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17 
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ǰɬüĿһŭķȣһžѹֵ鷿ҲΪĵ˼
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Ҳ˻֪ôΪأƼη£תͷ˺ôͷţȴҰվţôҰ²ɣ
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18 
ɣңɣҶҪѡɫ̣ϲۡҶƬչģ̫ҩ̫ͬҶҲǲõġ
ջҪɽеҰգҪЩδų¶ģССһǶ΢д㣬Żټһ糿ҲһС
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19 
кܶΣ֪ⶼ̫ǵˡ
ҽţ֪Ǻȵ̫ϴˣЩίΪʲôԼĵһΣļ䡣
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20 
֪ƽ˽Ρ
Ϊδ֪ģ˿ϵæԺţ֪޵ţţһʯ̳ɵĲͨ鷿ͥԺֳĿ飬Ǻʵ˵ĳɳϸ׽ģײɳ
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21 
У֪ӣһ
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ѩңԪߴζЦ
벻ܵĳ裬һһ
ѩָĸĽָֻʣһª˰
ָˣΪ˹ڶ
˰¡ϴµĶ
ŽƤ⣬ԶҲòˡ
ѩûԪȹ֡

ڷѩȴǰͻˡ
Դ·ÿҹ÷
Ϊǰ̣ʱʱ
˰ھãżҲԷֵ鰮
ֱԼɵ
ڴŷ͵ȥͻӣɫȹǣȹһ˫
ݺȻ
С糡
󣬼ʹȫֶΣڼѩ
߸ϣӺݻϾһ
˫ϥ򵹣ִȹǣ΢˼£
Ҵˣ㣬ɡ
ѥһȶ֡
ǸɱŨŨռ
µФģ
ף1.׷ϵ׷޻᳡жλǰ
2.CŮ


25 
ҵĹſյͥԺ, Сǵͷ£һǱΪ׵ĺɶͷһ, Ƥ, Ѫ
ۼǿͷĳġ˶٣, Ѿ֪ˡķӦ, ԤϵҪҵöࡣ
ҲԣʵϿô˳ʵ
Ƥ֮£ǰ۲, ǿġ˷ִ, 䵭޷˰, Ƥʹֶٰ, ͸֪
ݷţƿ, ˽ȥ
֪ɰ뿿ڴͷ, ʱҲû
ߵԲŰգ˵̫̫ҪҹĦ, ҰʱŹ̽̽ˣ˭֪պϷԺӣȥˡ
Ҳûͣס, ¡
ްڰ, ޲, ڴǰסĽ֪⡣
ۿţܹޱضҲˣĻѾߣ£ֻͽ֪һˣ⡣
۽֪⣺¡
֪ûзԣȥɡ
޲ˣһ˫ۣ°ɣ
֪һ˿ů⣬֣ȥɣġ
һʼ˽ᣬѭֻأԭҲֻ¡
޵ᣬҧү⼸Ҽҹδ㣬𶼿أ
𶼿ţʲôá֪⣬Ŀߴ١
ûµģ֪ҡҡ޵֣ȥɡ
޿ˣ֪ͷҩޣ޿ðζ˷Ż
˰ɡ˵ⶫ˿⡣
ﰲҲεŨŨҩζѪζ沢ŵù룬ʼҩ
ҩ֭ڣе죬ǰͷӹ⼸֡
ߴӵŮڴ͵͵ǰŮűӵͷ˷ٵŮһЦ
ʱ죬ûʶ֮ǰѾ֮
˴룬ߵ֪ǰ֪ᵽҩζһ˿ܵģѪζĶؿЩƣ¡üͷԶ㡣
˿һƱʲôУŵۣҲֻ˿ֿʼѪԵʡ
ҩ֭ҡҡλΣӳģŤͬܲӶ
֪⻹ŵѪζζ£ɺö˶˵ģôѪζ
£ѾǱˣûһλҪǱѴ򿪡
߹ȥƿ˴
ҹӿ͸飬ɻ꣬ӲҪ뿪ԼȥҪҲȥദʱЩɢɢ£
Ϊ׼һУΪʲô
񣬲ûκֵĵط
ָοסأˡ
̧֪ۣģʲô

˵ڣΪҪѣҲѡؿŽ֪⣬ûʲôȵı飬ȻͲµˡ
꣬ԶҲѾγ಻˵ĬƩ죬һ֣µĺ֡
ôĺʲô
߽ǿǸͷѵˣ׽һ㲻İžһУǵѡ
ڴ£ȥ֪⣬룬㿪֣ҩ롣
ۣϸˤڵɼƬҩ֭һһ԰׵ͻȻһ죬ææ죬ҪŻ¡
ûʶ֮ǰѾҪΪıٴζ㿪ߣҲȡ
һ룺ȡ
̧ü߸һЦԼĺӣƾʲôǻ
ͣסʱ°͵γƤǲľǿοģһһʶǼִŵģشֻΪ
£𣿳һҩ߽ˣȡ
ȡֽŶӣ˵
ʵǿȻҪЩ£Ѿ̫áҩ룬ǰһšס˫֣̫Сױסһֱֻۣ߬һֻùҩ룬͵ߡ
ƷѣҪȣûҪ˵ж֮ʱ˼ɣʱ仨ѵıԤƵҪã˿ڱ˺ˣɫճһŲ·İۣһۣȡ
ƾʲôƴŤ֪ӶζЩӶЩҵĺӣԼ
ιס̧ҩ롣
һƫͷҩ֭ʪǰƼˣüͷ
˶١Ӳֱӽ֣˽ʱǽ⣬ëļ⣬ʹԼƵҪ׽ţҲϲô
յؽһַꡣ
þ£̫ãһƫԤڡ
£Ž֪⣬ֺĲֱȦסٴҩ롣
էһǺܵƣһֻ߬Ůӵ˫֣һֻȦס§סôС˿ãҩҲΪǶްɣ
֪γˣЦЦˣҲ˵ףƾʲôɱҵĺӣ
ƾʲôأָ˼۽ǽڷס
ЩٲĴ̣ŽͺãҪκ˽͡
ЩܻӭĺӣԭͲϡ
ȡҩͽһ㣬մĴôƯĴǰ糺ɫ֮Űףմҩ֭ʪɫ϶ϲ
ôһأӦòٰˡҲáҲðûʲôֵģˣȥ㽪ˡ
ҲɳܵޱҪߵһӽҲ
Ӳ˿촽֪ҧأʼղϺ¡ɴ۾ûпޣһҲûֱֱؿҪһжμסָе㶶Ҳ˺˿ڵԵʡ
ȴʱͻȻײ
һ˷ų
̧ۣ˳裬ʮˣ鼱֮úܣһѳô۸Ҽҹˣ
۵һҩһˤڵϣɿ֪⣬һԲվ
ӿԷˣ˵ȥϣиûٸǶʹӣֵúܡ
û°ɣԱǳڿޣ§Ž֪⣬ݺҿĺӣˣܿˡ
֪Ҳڿޣڳ軳û£ţû¡
ֵúܣһᶼû£ֿ޵ô
кܶӿǰŴӵŽ֪⣬ͷǰǸٸŭֺۿҲȥס֪⣬֪⻽ӯ㣬Ȼףԭǻƾӯ
һ߹ЩңóǸյϢæϹģšüͷô£
û˵СƣŽʱСƲڣԺʱ͵ܳȥȱˣĺ֣
кˣϼЦ۽ӣӴۣ϶ǰͷһأǸ˺úÿ
Ȼˡһ˿ųٶ۳¾ɵĺ⡣֪ӦӺܶǰŵΨһͳʤǸŮˣʤǸŮµĺӣЦһ
УϴλȥΪʲô˵׷ʣΪʲôԺŲʲôҪ˴
ûлشע⵽˶Χڽ֪߸οˣĸסȻҲ޶ԣôˣΪŮֹȻŽ֪⣬ĵĳ΢ϧ
ںҹĹͻȻһӰӡ
үٳٵòĻشϴ˼ɫ㻰
ĸˣջĿ⣬޼˽£Ϊ˵Ҳ
ס֪ҺѾ£˽¡
ͷ԰׵Ƥţʹ޺ɳƣɫƽģǾ仰˼ǺĽģһʱ޷ȷѾָʲô
Ƴܹȥһ§ס˽֪⣬ʲôͻȻ˺ƣ´Ů״Σ⣬⣬û°ɣûУ
֪ⱻ§úܽ¿ʼĸ׾ûٱˣողסĸ׵½ŵûȣû¡
һţ֪ط֣ô˵棬ѾŮ§ôúܲڣæɿ֣ƳһصƬҩ֭Ŵʪذ壬ɫһøүҾ֪ôŮģ
ƸýȢӣƾʲô
ѾѾÿֶף²Ҳǲ£ʲô˼ģش𣺡ҲҪӣһʼҾ˵ú
˵úҲûзԣ˳ڣ˳ˣϺ˵Ѿ
Ѿˣ֪⣬Զɫƽĺ֣ԭֹǽôˡ
һ仰Ҳ˵벻£Ů׮ڻĻŽ֪£ģڣû˸Ұô
׼ұǺ˵⺢Ҫһһ˫ֱضס֪Ķӣ׻ˣ˵Ǹ϶Ǹҿ˭˵Ҫ
Ҫ֪㿪ˣҡ
εӶҲһֱӶúĸģΪΪһֱ̲ᣬڣƺˣôˣȻĸ
ϽƫҪԼӣƾʲô
޼ţȻϲôöԸģüˣ̫̫ط
ţֻӲͷƤǰסߣץӶץ˼£Ťͷƿڴӣͻɥǣôôһʲô
ԽԽԶϱԺ⣬ڶǶԻƾӯͻ̳š
ǰˣƼҵʹŻסƾӯüŭҲߣƫҪ¿ةαһĸ״ĺӣôôݶˣ
ҵޣҵӣɫ䵭ҪΣۡ
㣡ƾӯ㵱ʲô㲻Ҫӣ㵱Ϊʲô
֪⿴ŻҰ׵ĴˣһԲģȻ˵ûޣӣҪαΣƾӯκβ˶κβ
ǲҲˣҲܹܣˮŮֻǼˣ㣬ҲӦ
磬袡
袺ܿܽͷһҲ˵Ը˻ظ
һң
һԲңҡ
ӷӵǰŭ£
֪⿴ĸ׺ŭ޽ɢҵ鷢ǵСƵĴţױ׵ϹģµĸףôӲǰʧ˿ȵĸףΪҪܳ衣
֪˴ԣҩޣҺȡ
һչޣǸȲȻҩԡ
Ƭ̼žۣϽ֪ƽ
ɫһĴѳһеվǰȡ룬㣺¡
ֺȣҩ֭һߣ
̫ƽˣʱķŭµȼµһѻҽͻȻе¡
£Ҫ˵ʲôֲ֪˵ʲôֻͷƤʼ鷢ۣţţԤеЩ飬ڿ£ܿƵط
֪룬̧ۣ
ʧ˽˫ۿ촽˶
ҿԺȣ֪˵֮Һ롣
ͷƤֽĸоԽԽǿңظţ룿
ôܺ롣ЩʱĵƻʱΪķʳЩ߰ߵÿһҹôܺ롣
롣ֺȣ˿ҺҺ룬⺢ǻӴ˶ûаϵˣһţһ
ʲôֻǸǹķӣȻ壬ȴһʧʲôֻҪȥܻӭĺӣ
˵ף˶죬ȴ˵ÿһ֣ÿһ֣ҵĺܣֺû
ⲻҪĽֻǲҪӣû롣
ֻ֪кſϺʵķӣʵûҪߵһ
Σ֪þõȲĻشЩˣҩ룬վš
ʶǰһҪ֣˵ʲôһʱȴĪһ仰ȥʱҪҺúչ㡣
ɲǵ᣺֪
ü΢䣬Խǰ˺£޵ڣʲô
֪뵽ģݿɬҩζõУļŲҲˣúչ⣬ֻôһãҺ᲻
Ļ棬ּֿ죬·ʪһƬҿ޳ҲȥĻش𣺡á
㣬ôõİ㣬ӲԹ˲ЦŶİ㡣֪ǻĿɬҲҪչˡ
ҪչˣǰˣˡֻΪˣԵնϡ
ƿԡʵǿЦģʲôչˣչ̧ۣ㣬ˣ
ʵҪĻشûãȻ˿ڣض͸ˡûõǸԼ
ˡ֪ûһ˿ԥ
Ĭãһ
ֻûڣֱ˴ϣУ
վ첽֪ǰȥܺ룡
ûһóطߵúܿ죬üȻ޶˾һɡ
֪ܿǰƽ޺֮ŮܺȣҲܺ룡
֪⿴ޱɢͷ֪ʲôʱѾ˷۶ôľأĸάסױݣü䣬ߵʱǷŵĲӣô壬ô
ֳУңɼĸס֪еԤ֮Уı룺زһǲܺ𣿡
ܡߣȴǲתǿӲⲻһ˵£ϵź棬㸸ֳ棬㲻Ҫԡ
棬档ĸ״ǿġڽҹæҲвױ棬۳ιֶڳ棬ûкҵŮҲ档
ӻúܣ֪˺ܴץοסǽŰףҲԣúҪ롣
֮иİҪ룬ʲô
֪Ҳ̲סҺҪɱҵĺӣҲֻǷ޼Ŀİ𣿡
ƿԣƬ̧̺ͷģڣҲҪʲôĻ㲻ֻԼ㻹иֳƽҼӵ棬һʱȫ
ԣ𣿺סˣ֪Ųƾӯҧ촽⣬Ĩᣬ޵ͷС߬ȭǰʱǻվ֧ĸףҪ룬׽ǣҲ˵ʲô
룬һ˵¡棬׺͸棬ĸ׵档档ǡ
֪૵ģʳ棬ѵһҪ𣿡
죬˵ǣЩţٴγѺۡ
гõľĬĩɬ˿ڣҲֻΪ档ŮӺжѣԶĲ˵ģ⸮һ
ϣǻӡͶңһ껹ãʱ䳤ɩøĸūͶ磬һȥĥôƤ׺ӣ˭ǵãϵҲ֪ĹټС㣿
Ҳѣ֪Ⱗţֻ롣
СǾܾҲȣú̥úðѺ˺ӣ޼ıŤҲãΪ˺ӣҲܺ롣
Ϊ˺ӣӣҪɱ֪иҵЦûкӣҺкӡ
ֻһʱͿͨġһʵں£ȴغˣ
ߣ̫˽նݲ£Ӳִ᷸󡣽֪᣺Ҫ롣
У˵̫ãЩ꣬Ҫ룬ˣ
ܰúܣ֪ź᲻ٵˣ£ǳõĿգյúܣƫƫҲκ֮
һֱᣬίӼǿڳĬģ۾Ĺûˣڣȼչ󳹵׵ţҽһ㣬
İʵûҪ䵽ز
ĿģֻҪ˲ſϺȣҲҪĸ׸ǰôΪѡ
ǶˣǶˣ˶һζûʲô˵ġ
ǰһãҴӦ
ۣĿֱֱؿס룬⺢ǻӴ˶ûаϵ
֪ϣžһ˫ۡͷٶţӿһɳĽѸУû뵽ʱȻӦˡǳֱеӣȻӦĸףҲס
У˼𳤲ͬ⣬˭Һ룿
֮£˲֣ڵס֪⣬ͬ⣬ͬ⣬㹻ˡ
˵ֵ̧ӡ
ة룬ִȦסθ⣬֪ƳʿͷˣùŹ֣Ȼʱǧһ֮ʣͷֻͣһ˲תȥ˱𴦡
鰸ǰߣֽʣкҪдȴʱ֪˵أ飬дˡ
ͣܺã飬Ҳдˡ
ȥǽߵ˹ӣִһϻӣؿڵ۵۵۾Щϻʲôֻֽ߹̯ϣۣ֡
һƯдŹǽڣ֣д˺顣
ϣŭ磬Ŀһ㣬ӹдֵֽ
֣ӳӳƽŮ֪⣬ĻϣҲ֡
˷˵Щһ֪˵ܻûйϵңĸףûаֹϵԼǣóҪ
úܵһϸ¡µͷԽϸζʲô̧ۣá
۾һģҪͷŵҪЩױдںϡ
ҲֵʲôһҲûҪΪЩϸ֦ĩڸƽϡһۣд
֪еţǼ߳˺дúܿ죬һĺ֣ɰòͬɱķ֣ںĩβдı֤
һɣɣһд֪꣬ⳤһ
£ֻʣױǩӡˡ
ӡҲͱõģ֪ȡ˸ӣûнӣĬֻǿǺѪһӡࡣ
֪Ƭ̣ȻӦûҪȷһʧҪȺҪı֤
֪ùҩ룬ҩѾ͸ˣָڣģζԽԣէһţм
֪üӶ֮⣬һ˿ԵʼڱҲʼա
ָ۽ףһʱƮһʱʧ룬ǿģҲնҲգ˵ĻӲʳԣֻҪ£ضǩֻѺ
̧ӭԷֱĿ⣬һ
ˤ롣
ۣƬɽűһ߿ӣƥݵζͻȻ֪תһůĻ
л˵
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26 
ȫζ, ŵģһָӵζƥůȺϢ, 쬴µϢ, ӵĺζ;, 赶Ūǹ˺ܾ, ϾͻֺζţСʱŵˣű죬ЦŶ㵽һ, ٿ
, ڻ, ζǵΧס, ôôϤ֪ⱾܵץסƲ׵ֱ, , ó
Ʋ۾ҪٽЩ, ±̫˵£ˡ
֪֪ͷӲ·ס, , ûϴˣ
벻Ʋ׵ͷ, Цʱ򾡹ЩûҪ£Цݸո۵ףʧˡ
㲣ôĨȥˣôᣬƬëûһ
Ʋȵĺ⡣һظϣҹԲ˯ͣػ·̵ױ˼ΨƾһӺݾͷβЪôƴһ
֪Щ˵źʱжޣ֪ˤ˿ʱжۡ⣬ﶼί˵⣬Ȼô衣
ƲŲŲý֪⿿øЩ̧ͷʱ´һתɺ壺
ֻ֣ߣȴɳʬɽѪɱ⣬û˵
ƲףԤϵÿö࣬ԭΪҲҪϲܽ
ǰˣƵͷ棬Ѫ˿촽ɵüҪѿñЬմ˻ҳǶҲĥͺˣһմŸɲݡ
ϵĺ֮ȴֺһվɾʵķ̱ȾϽɳϢŽ֪⣬ᣬСģȻСģҲŲκ˿̽ǿӲ
ݵʢǧأǻ˻ͣҲҪ죬ƲҹˣνǸ־ǡ
֪ǰˣӽֻӱ
Ʋѹʲô
ʱǿ룬Ǹģ֪ܿܽѾˣƲױһ˿΢ϣԼû٣ԼˣúȥģǱĶ
Ŀסֱ֪ϡƺ˵ֻǾòѳ̫׽Ա±ǰ˵㣬úȣý֪ͷͷǵɹܡ
֮ǰ֪Ʋ׼谮ãǧ˳ֻƲ֮ǰԶݣԴµ˽ڴţۿ֪ţй֮޲
תĿ⣺
о˽ƲһʱŷɱȻһĺʱգܽӺ书һµ۷塪л䡵Ļ
ʣӳƲ׺üĿʲôʧҪฮ£ᣡ
ƳһۡˣҲʹµ·̥δΣֻǰ粻İ̥ҩĹЧҽܱ֪
ֻЩҲûҪͣǽˣҲ˵ףֱµģɱӵˣ޿ɽ͡
ҵ⿴Ž֪⣬ٲЩˣƳڽƲ׼ͷŽƲף۽ǺᣬϸϸָץŽƲһӣôôʾģδ
ǰǳ׵ģĬĬΪһУûκ©⸱ģȻҲֻʮ꣬ҲǼиֽųųģǼ޸ԭÿ춼ô֪ǳġ
ĵʲôطһգ˿˺ųţ۵üģתϵĺ顣
Ҫ룬ǰôܣϺȵΪõֽ飬ˡеģҪ뿪
飬Ķд꣬ΨǷǩָӡˣһˣΪ֤
⼸ɣԵʹɢ
ߣƲ˵ؼңȥҴ£иڣ¡
еģͳﻮˣǸܻӭĺӣΪ壬¡
Ӵٲٲ鷢
Ȼ£Ҳٿˡ
磬һûаꡣ˵
ʲôأЩٶۣţ֪
ôս֣İúܡת֪ڽƲ׻ֻаƴ󣬰׵ûʲôѪɫ顣
ˣû飬Ǻ顣ˣ£гŵݺ顣
ʣǩԼ֣պӡ࣬һ
ʺָӡѹ֣ѴѪĵȥѪĽ
һһдݣ̧ۣȱˣƲףɡ
Ʋһק˹
ȸ֪⿴ָֺֽӡûۣ֪ɿؿţͷѹŵǿʯѹôľʯһˡ
ûʳԣֽ飬õˡ
Ʋ׵ӣ磬
Ҫǩ飬ֻʣһˣ֧ô죬һУҪˡ
Ʋײҷţô࣬ǰ쵰εݳ˼򤣬ɫô԰ףɵˣԲͻ顣Ʋ׾ĵѪգ޲ýһһǧУȻ£ȰŪú飬Ǹ˺롣
ƲקӣŽ֪Ҫ£
Ʋ׻ͷüӣɺͳ
Ʋɫ˼䣬ûзùӵסӣСѽ֪£˫סְѱʵݸ֪⡣
һֻּͬʱץס˺飬ɫأ´ǩãôӳ顣
Ʋ׶˶٣Ƥӳ飬и׵ţͬ롣
ţӻȡһţֻֽһ֣Ů֪롣ǽ죬ָƽ˽ӡ
ʼݲݣóǴæ֮дģƲ糾͵ģóҲǴæиϻģԭɷ֪ŮҪ룬ԭɷѾͬŮ룬ԭֻһֱڹ
ֽ벻徿¹ؽǶµ̬ȣоɷŮ֮Ĭ֧֣ĸףӦŮܵģ
֪űʣɿдԼֽ֣ǽƲģеǲ£дúܿ죬ʳָպӡֻ࣬һһԲָӡ
ǵڶݡ
飬һʽݣһΪƾ֤ȽƲΪǩֻѺ飬ˡ
ţ֪ЩͷҲЩΣҲѹ̫õȻ׵̫˰ɣ
Ʋ׺ܿдְָӡžһһϣߣӽûаϵ
ûûУҲáһԲ飬ˣһȱӴ˿İ·
ÿֶǵúȴǽͷβֿһ顣
дúܸɴ࣬ûʲôһ֮߳ĿɪгԸ롣һҲ˵ˡ
ǰһʱһʱ˿ڻѪۺһۣ֪⡣
αϣͷֳ°ͣƺۣ۵֧ŲסͷͻȻ£۾
ͷƤ͵һͣѿڽе㣡
ܹȥƲױ죬һѱ֪⣬߽һ򣬿Ҵ򣡡
ܿܵǰͷƤ͵ҪѣؿҲǣ뿴û£Ʋһ߹
ˣѥײ䵽۽ǣӡӣ֪ڽƲ׻۾ôĶʼûѣûѣ˵壬ˡ
Լ˻ƵŶǰδеǱ
Ż˽˵ʲôһҲ˵ָֻŽ֪⣬ܹȥҪ֣Ʋ͵ؽײ˭Ҫ߹
ס֪⣬ߣˣΧסฮס
ױǵǰةæסʿǷҳţ׷
ӿζ˿ڴи־⣬һһºݺݾţ򶷵ʿҹ￴Ʋ׵ıӰߵúܿ죺ţʲôʧҰһһˣӳȥι
ʧôʧﻮúܺãһʧôʲôʧ
׷ƲԽԽ죬ԽԽԶ˴ӿͷ̫л䡵Ŀͣ佫Ʋ׼빬
ǸӦͣɽŲղסֻ׷ǰ潪Ʋ׵Ĳӣֱ̫ס࣬мگ
˿Ʊһ˺ۣѸѪƲ׼ҹﴫȥ£˵Ҫȸÿ
һһ̤ϣƲԶˣ̫ͻȻ࣬˺öѪ
󣬽Ʋ׵ױةӻʹӼææ׷ǻƼҵˣޡСƻ輸˴ˣˣеһжˡ
ҩҪΪ˿ڣۣΪʲôε
¹ٲ֪¹Ҳɻ󣬡ţҩЧӦɢԣ֪ô¡
ƲҪҴõĸҽǰˣƲײš˱ۣΰУȥҲһת̸ȥƽҲʲôӣҪ֪
¹ǷΪ˴˿ڣѪؿ䣬ƬƬĺ죬ǸҽٴˣʱֻôĿġ
˵ؿڵ۽ʼͣ˫ҲЩ壺ߡ
Ҳֻˣ£Ǵּ̫ڳɣˣǷȥ£
빬̶֡
Уּ̫಻֪ʲôԲ²⡣佫ɾˣôֳҹˣʵҲǸݽɫѪһ»˹ٷҪ빬ҲǲҪ
У˿͵ۣһѪֿʼٷɫҲʲô
һɲǣ˽֪⣬˵ʱѪɫһ֣ҲǸõ
ڹƻͨлڼõ˫üҪҪ
ްãЩٺЩ
ةô£ôޣ
Ҫ౨ģʱˣʲôԼ˲ϣһֻȥǸӵ־壬񣿳ĬţãܵһڣѶջ񡣡
лڵ´ûһ˿ѪɫŲĻңƽǰֱ̬ͦһ˿ëȻ˳Լ˿̣Ǽ¡л֪̾˵ôأͲˡƲأô
û˵̫Ϊࣺ佫żΪÿ¸
˲ˣлЩȣôϵһȥˣ
Ƿˡٶ۵оþû죬ǷˣӴİ·ûаֹϵ
ѪζԽԽأԽԽģŵģǽ֪ϵѪζˣƲ겻ؾҹĶȥ
л˵£޸ոսӵϢѵ⣬Ԥһ磬Ͻǡ
ٶ۵ʶץסһ䣬˵ɴϣǧ̽ĸΪТݣΪǴϽǣ˿ʵ׼жϣԳ¿ʡ
Ҳôģл䡵ͷʡگ׼жϡ
ȥ׼л׼תߡӦ׼ӷĵ黹ûóۣ̿͵Ѷҹֻʣһʱעæ޷ȥκµһҹ
áҲίʵ룬ٷˣԼ
߳ãǺڳҹųһУԶԶĹǽںڰеĻʳǡеɽ֮ǰ
лҪƲͻȻؾةҹ̡һ˲Ӱ죬ȴǳãԤϵġشûʵ¼֮Уõ˼ȴǣˣûҵ
ͣ˦һ˿ع𡣡
УٵͻȻͣסƲźȥԽ֪ıϢ
о˺ָϴů⣬̵ȻŸգƲĨ˰ȥȹա
ɾģûѪƲصһ
ףȻкܶӵĲ£ӪﶼǺӣ˴֮˵޼ɵǽƲҲ֪Ů˼ӣ亢ӣѪġ
ûгѪڣӦû¡
֪§Щӱ޴̫ҽԺ׼гȥ뾩꣬¶ѲϤǰ֪ʱȥףƾż䣬ǵôµķλ
սڵİзɳֳۣסӣҡҡ
л˵
컹0£ȡǧұְֹɣ


27 
֪۾ʱ, ԼһġʹΡ
ίջûɢŵƥݵζζôϤ, Ǹ׺͸ζ, ɳϵ벻ܻҹ, ιԼİսԲϡ
֪⶯˶, ָ˼ڣսϰߴַж·Ҳǡε֮ǰļƣ۹ȵĴԣ֪ץ䣬ҡҡ
硣
Ļ, ôô, Ʋȴһ, ͵ס
, Ķʶе㲻ѣ֪εš
⡣Ʋ׵Ƶػ, ḧ, ȥ̽ͷ¶ȣ, ˡ
кܶӣڴָҲһ㱡룬ḧյʱ, ǵе, ֪û, Цÿѽ
ڶͷͣƬ̣ÿˣƲε̾ѽ
Ǹûĺӣôίô࣬۾ܶЦҲҿǸӣǵĿʹܳãúú壬Ǹꡣ
ƲõͷεˣҴȥҴ򡣡
֪⿿ͷҹһһĻص䡣ȣĸˣӯˣó飬ˣǩˣۼˣתͷҲȰѺͷ̫ˣһ£ûסǰһڣʲôҲǵˡ
顣֪æʵ磬ǵ𣿡
ˡƲеЦֻǵЩûҪС£Цݸյס⣬ĵһ£ʺ顣
ĳܵĿҪٱǧ
Ʋ׵ͷͷ֪Ķͷ۾ȣ£ˣӽûκ˸۸㡣
һ䣬ֵᣬƲҪͷúܽ壺Ҳû˸۸ѽи磬аô˭۸ҡ
ڰοΪһΣô£۶ôʹôίͷһŵģߵˡƲͷӿ˵άŹƣԣúܡ
۲ۣûоܣûгѪЩһˣһ磬ǲʵģƲѹͷ˵ζ̧ۿԶĵƻ𣺡⣬һ£Ͼܿˡ
ţ֪ͷѣƣĸоϮƤЩû£еۣЪЪͺˡ
˵ô赭д޷ģǹԵۡƲɤӣã㣬úЪЪ
һȻǳõĳĬƲе£æһ⣬Σ͵ģճճĴɬĻӦ磬ôôͻѽ
ɫ̫Ʋ׿ͷ˵ӵŵĵϾͿʼظϣ߽඼ûü죬˵һ·۵ƥ߰˸ˣ˵켸ҹûۿɻˣ˵Ǹ粻ãɵЩû˵ֻ˳ŵ˵Цţܵÿѽ
͵͵ЦЩԽԽᣬƲԽԽţæֽ̣Цͣסû˶Ʋ׳嵽׼ǰŵƵĹ⣬֪ۣٴλιȥ
סƲһ߿ţˣ
ةƻͨ˼αˮǿԼѡ
񲿵ˣΪһлǵ£̹ԱķɫñҪСãһȷԱһʧ
˸ˣΪȷлǺ󰴽ӴĹƺס߰겻أȵۼɻˣԭȵĶհᣬҪá
̲Ҳڣǰõļ£ΪѶ̿͵¡
鰸̯һľڣ࣬ٶҲҪõ룬ʱȴҶţ˿ڳٶ۵ۺԽԽģ߶ھѾŵ˼㣬Ϣ
˯ۣʱǱۣһῴ
ڣȥҡ
ҪѶæµѪȣŰһпԷɢע飬һϾ顣
үɴҴҸƽѾصڼҡ
ڼҡôƲ״ȥƲ겻ھУ±任ȥҺʵĴ˿۵ͷҲ۵Ҫը̫ѨйȥҽƲס
һϢ֪ͨϹȥ
ȥûѡ᲻¡һ߽ңǴ̿˼̣Ѿͷ嵽մȾ۵Ѫ͵رۣǰȴǻƬĺ죬ǵأ޿ɶܡ
ǲǣѪ
״ҹԷקʱѣһһߴ˵ŭ£ǲһ񡭡
ҪǾòʹ죬κãԵŵǸƲ׿һۣҪβã˵
㣬㣡öźӣ˰ˣҲƽϣ
һУп˰ɣ̥ȣ˼࡭
ЩҶ֪Ʋ״ֻ֪û£ΪʲôԲѣ
֮ǰĸ򣬳Եʲôҩ𣿡װӣֲǿ˲֢ģܵøЩҲźô
Ʋ׶˶٣֮ǰԵʲôҩ֪ǰ
ʲôô£壬ôֲáͣסȵص۾ȵȣòķô
ѾˡƲ˵
ƽƾ¥̨Զļ٣ûҵ𣿡
ѾѼֶȥˣοӦÿˡ
ĸżƾӯҲڱȰοǸȫˣȴȥȥ˵ڿء
̾һãô죿֮䣬ôֵزúõŮҺˣԺһô
ƾӯ˵ôҲǿȻǳܲõײͷʱеѾˣżүˡ
ȥɣҹģһĵúܣҲˡ
ƾӯ¥Լĳ˼ҶǷ޺ģôƫǼҾͷҪء
ƾӯסӣ̣סû磬ſʱžӭһôһˣأҪҪҽȥһ£
ˣңʱĸҲû˼Ӧ㡣ƾӯߣҹģôˣԼȥС
Ҳ֪ҹѽžЦס֣ܳһֱȥôܹģ˵ɣ׳ʲô£ôżг
ƾӯ˵Ȼתһ룬סֻһҪǷ꣺ˡ
ʲôžһô˵úõģʲôǿǵةడĶȥķ
ƾӯŲ˳һۣ⻰˵ģةôˣةһ𣿳ǰ۸ˣôܸ룿
հհգҲ㳳žЦЦţͻȻɫһ䣬̿ƢòŽҸ˰ɣ
ˣƾӯŽ֪²֪֪ʲôΣһѹÿࡣ
ӴҵḶ́ʲô˿಻ģҾҪˣžɥҺˣۿеָ㵹ãѳˣˣҲָˣ
ƾӯ֪£ƾڹ˸ŷʵȱѾ꣬ǳǳʵȱҪˡƾӯ룺ɷеߵֱ㶪˲£˵ĻҲ˵
ۿţȻֲ飬ڹϣǸЮ˽ˡ
ž̾ƾӯȰ˼ûȰסƼ߼˴ŵǰߣмһȴͣһȻæк̫ҽҪȥ
ǰ񣺡ʦȥΪΡ
˭Ҫè޺Ӽٴȱƾӯ֪⣬һѹûȥҪôȥȵȰɡ
Уžʵͦ죿
ƾӯ˵ΪŸƲΡ
ãž˵㻹ЩɣΪˣǰ̴ȥ
ǣô¡ƾӯţ̽ͷһһȥˣҲ֪֪ʱܻȥ֪ڣôˣ
***
֪ڳ˯С
ͺ;˺ܾãòϢòο۵һͷ˿붯ֻ볤þã˯ȥ
ʶģд˵ѣģʣôѣ
ܼű˵Ĳ֪ϳǽƲף߸Լֻ˯ˣøżôŬǷκ
ʶԽԽɢȥڽţҴл
򣬸ͷҿɬЦţӭϳۣ¸ͷת뿪
»һֱ鷿һҲķʱĸôɬ˵ܺá
ǲϽķʱҲûһ䣬ϿʼûãסˣĨᣬЦӭ˭֪ҹˡ
ûܴ˸˯һߣ߿߲˯ֻƴһ˵ż͵͵һۣ۾ţҴ£ϲƱ
Ǿ˺ܾãõѾϰÿҹ˯ڴһ࣬Ϩ˵Ƶ˵кܶ¸˵ģżҲӦһ䣬ǲǵǲǵðǰ£ԥ˺ܶ죬ڹǲǵôǰң
ãĮǵá
ǵãȴǰôˡ֪﷢ſ࣬ʧʧ䣬ͬľԭеͬ⡣
쵽ˣɽԹҰտˣͷһ绨Ƕɣңʯ˿Ĵӣߣҹ꣬䣬˯Ժ˲Сļס
ΪҪˣɵڶһ磬˱
ֿζѺȰ֪·ŵζҪ㿪ôҲѲУ˸ٲѣҪ
һϵô磬û֪ɱϷϷҲûҽ
ָ˳ˣÿ£ǸִСʱ˭СǸ۸ضҪֻҪ޸ʱǷŭҳƴ
ˣĻ
żӵĴָĶͷڻ֣֪һ磬߸Լû£ƤúܣƾôŬҲ
Уǰ˵ˣ̫ҽƺǰӲŸȥһͬꡣ
粵ȥˣǳ߹Ҫ
̫ҽĸµİɣǸþģȴųɱĺӡ
˭ˣǸҽŮա
شӽµӰ߳˵ԺŴͷأ˳ȥģԷĸѾЦˣҲһΣ
ĺ񰡣ϸǲһģݵģǴģĿ峺ȴ΢΢ִۣҴһۣòôһеζ
Ȼ־ûʲôѡ񡣳ºӣźӺ룬ֽҶˣҲӵӡ
ŮҪ밴ԼȥǼѰô˵ţԲĵ۾Ŵ⣬Ц̾ӦһΡ
ѡöһѣˣ޷ǺͲһӮˣܻסĺӡ
ǲ̫ҽµģʣû廹ϵˡ
Ʋ׵⹷ȥ
ܳȥ͵ۻס֪֡ůģûʲôġȵƲ׸е־壬ǰʧȥһΣʧȥɱŹϣҲҪ
Ʋ֪֣£ҡ
֪ˣѲüҪޡȥҰ磬ġ
л˵
ϼӣ»ȽʮԺ


28 
߳, ߵŨڱ˺һߣ¶Իҵĺۼˡ
µĵڷл, ͵Ĺ, ȴƱˣ͵ס۾
ǰҹʱ, ֪Ҳ, ССһյůƵĵƣؼҵ·ӽٲˡ
ǵصѪɫϮŵŨصѪζ۾
ǲѪΪβĹЧʵٵȵ, Ӻõʱ, ʵûҪƵô
˸ĹԱӭ, 񲿵Ҳ, þôæһ, ûʱ, ˼ܿƣȥĵطȥ, ˿ڣžʹƳſڴӰһΣ˽
δӦ֮ǰѾӦ, 첽ӭȥϢˣ
̧, ɰةʱ۳, ɫзңǹ»һģ£ү۾
˵Ȳ߳һ
᣺ȥԺмңѾ졢ֶλ̫ҽȥˡ
ˡ񾭳ٶ۵سѾǷˣѾ롣𣿡
²֪ҿҪѪ۾еľҪҪȥԺмϢ
ΣĻش𣺡ء
ˣ֪ˣʲôá̧
***
֪ıԵ˵ԽԽԽԽ
ǲζҩʹԣǰǸ˵
ӦѽķӴ˼԰ȫûлԲѵ
أܵĳ֪֪ŭǰףѾʧȥģ̫ҽһ͵ĶûУ
˵Ϣ̽˵źö֢ҩ
֪⽹˼㣬ѽЩѽ
ԽԽţ齱ߣOO@@֯Ħӣ֪͵ۡ
ģ߿Ʋ׽ѾӣҪ֪⼱֣Ҫ
εɫƲ׵͵ͻ⣡
۽΢һſ齱ߣʲô䱦Ƶģָ⣺ﲻ߸硣
磬֪Ⲣû˵̫ҽУ˲á
ƲײûΪʲôҪҲʱհģȥ
֪ס֣žֻ̫£ŪǸɳѪӣɸǰǺСĵġ
Ʋ׷𣬿סͷ̧ʱˣܽȹţֹ˴֪ҹΣʵ̫ҽηеģ
ҵĴ񣬶͸ǸΣʦҵ
һ򶼺ϸ˽³ǷڼУΪʲôͻȻ̫ҽԺҩ벻ͨȻмϰߣأҴӲԵ𣬸дõȴд˷˵ݡ
֪Ļ뺦õȵ졣ͷǰա
ҽŮգʱ͵ҩ䣬ҹʱ򣬹ϰĦ֮ôɡƫԺ̽˱ԺҲ˻ᣬ˵ôһ
գƲüʵ˭
̫ҽԺҽŮú񰢽㡣
񽪼ˣôƲһʲôϵ
Ҳ֪֪ҹΣ˵ҹҹҡ
˵ڽӣѾ㻻ˡ
˵ܰأܰ»أǼฮ̥ǳ¡
˵ͬΪŮӣҲΪѷˣǧټ˱סӡ
ЦţббĽ˵˵ô˻ᣬﻮǲ֪˸Ҳң
ҽŮգǧټóУ͵͵ǣƵúá
գƲظһ飬ãˡ
ߴϸȵģǲ
֪ŵصŽŰգԼĳﻮ
ĸײ룬ĸף档
źӺ룬̫˽߲ߣ϶ȶĺӡ
öһѡԴҪ뺢ӶϾһйϵûƭסӣӴ˺ǣƭ
Ǽһᣬ֪Ụסӡôǣ⺢Եɸɾ뿪ȻԲסӣҲʧΪһ·
þòֵ֪ȣҲƣ̫ҽô
Ʋ׸οͷĿͣھϡ֮ǰǵźһԲֱۣʱȴݵֻʣһѹͷϸ׵Ƥ¶ɫѪܡĳ
Ʋ޵㣬ϧ˼㣬£µҽҲһӡ
еģݳôиľԪ棬ûˣֻʱģúõҲҪ̥ʮ£ôʹ
Ů˷䣬ҲһŲڹŹ£ԶĲ˵ƫӣѲûģһʬ
ƲͻȻе£ս˽֪֣ôǺ¡
ĵĳĽ䣬Խڴ棬û˺ܷ֮࣬Ҳͳ׶ϸɾˣٿǸһۡ
ã̧ۣ˺µģǺ
֪Ⱑһӿ᣺ģ
Ʋסʧһʵȷ
ְգŴǣǸҩʱ˵Ӧʾˣɷ˵û̫𣬲ҩ˶죬Ҳ˷ñȱȴǲҵĵ¡
ˣƲͻȻͺһ
ˣˣÿһ޸Ǹ쵰Ǹ쵰ĺӡǺͿôΪһʱĿࡣ
˶٣á
֪ЩⲻȥҲɻƲͻȻӵæȰ磬̫ҽΰң˺ܺõġ
Ʋ׿ΪοϰӼУʶ̫ҽΪʲôһֱԲѣ
ҩ߰ĳɷ֣ǽƣ̫Ȼ˿ڣֱӵİ취ȥʰգҩʲôɷ֡
աƲ䵶ܺãסˡ
̧ۿͷϴֽٴҲûʲôôƲһ֪⣬ؼҡ
תʱֳƵһҲţˣܳ㣬ҧס˵ȵ
̧ͷŵͷá
⣬ױ˳źһʹ죺壬ҪϷĳȽ㣬ǵøһ
Ʋ״ᱧŽ֪⣬קеδڳУСĽ֪ŽȥԼųԯҲҪԸųӳš
Ϊ³ӵƲ׸ϵúһ߷һ߻ңһ߰ף߰׺ԽԽԽԽɫᱡ͸Ⱦ졢糺ɫƲｪ֪Żϲ͵͵磬㿴⳯ϼ
Ʋ̧ͷһۣˣûжʫ黭ĳȻ˵Ǽͬģԣ
磬ᣬһģеļⷢŲжûһճˣ
жˣƲЩ벻𣬴ԼŮԺɣСʱܣק½ǷҪݼµ̫жˣܶСϲãϲ
Ӳƴǹǰ߸߱𣬱ø߹ܣŸĸ͵͵ݼȥճһ𿴹ܶճϼȾߣСС걧ŷױССܿ쳤˻һŮñӣûɫ峿һճˡ
Ʋ׾ʲôȶĶлӣסţůɫĳϼпŽ֪⡣һӣֿһӣôС԰ִڵм磬ҵ˺òãҺ㣬Ҳ㣬Ժһһκòã
ƲȻתͷѸٱõĳϼá
߹İ򳤽֣ˣǽ°ˮСϤʢƲ׳Ĭţٲɵ׻ǻˡ
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磬ôʱȻ𣿡֪ʵ
ȥ´ף״ݸϻؼҹ꣬ɸû״˺ܶǣһޣһ֪Ǹ˸ġ
ޡ֪͵ˣ
Ʋһôˣ
ȥˣ֪űӣЩżЩЦǰһߵģô죿
塣Ʋ׷Ӧһ£ȷǻƼ壺ʱ棿
ûУûˣ֪̾м£԰ȥǣͷٸϸ˵
ƲͣƬ̣Ц£ûʲô£ȥҲá
ɣڱ£صظٳȥģ֪⳶˳Ʋ׵ӣ磬Ҫô뷨ӴϢһؼǧأµ¡
ΣƲ׵á
ŤߣĪ⣬ҲǴ֪ܾƺе㲻ϲ̲סյǰϸϸ磬ôˣ
ûʲôƲЦ£תղ׵ȣݱʢ꣬׵Ǳ߷ڼʱãġ
Ǿ̫ˣ֪Ц㲻֪һҾ͵ķ°Ҫˡ
Ʋ׿Цú촽䣬۲ӯӯӳųϼʵݹ⣬Ʋ׶˶٣սеޣ⣬ûоﲻǸҩܵʲô⡣
ûвúܣҲ⼸춼û˯ðɡ֫ٺģƤżܣҪ¸絣ģھ˯һ
Ʋ׻ǲģҪϸʣȻԶйֵƮŴ˹
̧һһʮ·ڵһǰһ壬ŹֵĽ·̣һȺѥĹԱӵмһɫװνĳĽǴµɴ紵¶ϯ϶ˣüĿţƮɡ
ȻƲͣУ·߹˺Цһ˫̽ĵһתԶ
Ĺһɽ֪ⲻھмˣ磬˭ѽ
Ʋ׵
֪֣ʱһ䣬ķװȻݺ߽ܽŹأǲģΪθһ۾˳
Ʋ׻ͷһΡ
Ц£ͷɲܸ߱ˡ
߽ܻᷪǴɣһͱὫģȻˣôƭ
֪ͷ֪Ҳ߱ˡ
ƴСΧͷ°ͼ⣬ĵһ£ֵһ¡Ʋ룬ԣСʱһģһɲ֮䣬Զ
Ʋ˵ʲôƳ־ͷһӭΪ׵ɴñ룬ǳ
ӭģĹ¸ȻӭббԵʡƲ׷ɿعϳţණ𿴡
ĹУĿԽԽ̣Խ۵ĳأ·ڴǹŵĳӡ
л˵
ָʱ䣬9~

һѵġˡ
Ƕ΢ĹŮȴƫƫŻҺ󹬵
ΪԱסΣڸò΢ǽµĲѩ⡣
˭Ҳδ뵽̫ӵµĶϡ
ҹ
̫ӵͣͣǰܵūŹڵɪɪУǽڷָ
ҧҧͷ̫ӵµ̡
***
һ֪еŮܶıģ
ʶݵĳһƬ
Ļ߷ֶΣ̫ӵǲһһεϧ
ƾݼһ·ϣ˽ֻܹ¡
µ۵ǻһԾΪ
ƫ裬ֵ»ġ
˽ԴǴǱۡʱе⡣
ԣȴֻҡͷЦһ·ֻλΨԱ´δйФ롣
Ķָϣ
ٹģзC
ںŮĻֶݼУһΪλ
ۺᶯģŮᶯ


29 
º͵ĳ, ȴ˫Ŀͬһһ㣬ֿʼӳƬƬѪ
˽Ʋףų, ʲô, 佫ѱĽƲԸϳ, , ˭
ҵ˼ŰӿײôЩ̬ͣƲײûƴô, ûд󰭡
ܺ, ôҲ, Ϊˡ
ת, һкࡣ
лɣվ˵½, Ʋûдɫ, ֻһװε޲ۣ˿, ϴڣͬɫȻһжص˼㣬Ȼͨɣʾеݡ
ǫǫ, , лɷͷʢ, ҡȵ۵̫֮λʱʢУôġ
ǰ񣺡μ
񡣡лһ뼴빬лɷ񣿡
ֱŵգ·΢΢ɫΪŵĸ׵Ĳ飬ո·㲶ӣͷ̫кү
Ե̫֮̽Ƕ䣬Ƿл̽ĸ֮⣬лƲңĿзź죺´˿ʣұǸͿأҲ޷һ
У֪߳ã̲סͷһߵԶˣųϼôĿлɸŻͷʵ࣬۾ôˣ
ôˡתĿ⣬л۾ܺ졣
ܺ𣬴ԼǱϼ̵ۡ޷
ȴʱƳΧ֮У˳һЦ
ƵģֱͦģƵŨüؽޣΨһ˰̣ԭò˳ª
ֵܣΡ
ƼԼγǣѩ׵¶ֳ
ֳֳƤ·𿴼ǼĴ©ķ䣬ˮһƤϡඳһ飬һ£ΧһµĺҸ죬Цˮֳû̿ѽ
ֳֳεĳ룬£ҪǰĻᡣйɣò𣬼
ة׿ȻнֹܿһһҼţΣûŭûգʱһЦÿͱȳֳ֣
ֳֳֳٲǵݷ꣬ܣҲٲǵ裬ֻϹˡ
ǲֵôлεıӰ˽
Զװ겻ؾȴһϳǸΪ֪ܶϵáɫƽ棬òȱߣ롣
ȻҲֹ볯ΪߣǴ棬òĲȱȻΪ١ⱲӣҲ͵Ϊֹˡ
⼸̫ĲɺתЩлɲ˻⡣
ƽ䵭һ֮£֪
ˣлЦ£߽Ļʳţһ꣬ͷ̫ãضЩģˡ
ꡣ첻ۣӦЩҵԵʣһɲǷ·ŵҰպɣҶۿʱϵŵķһµңǰõľڳӽҲûٸˡ
ʳǣ빬ǣ̫ӵĵڹϽǣҪɵľһ⳼ЩطȥͣסŲˡ
лףҪ£̫ɿǰһ˲վס㿪ʼ̫ͣΣ̽
лһһԲȥ֮вñʧǣûܣټ죬ģͬĹǵżһ㡣
ңңĿ͢͡дϢأʱòΣ֣֪̫ǾȲˣТ£˥꣬лһʱûװˡ
ɡ
һʱ󣬳ڼüл䡡
üɫЩ̣˵̫ת֪ͻȻͲˣϵüʱôһ档
̫ӦµģȻĽƲ²¡̵ֱû񣬳ͣƬ̣ǿԼ˦¹ɺϣò顣
˵л䡳һ漴ᵽδڵİʾڣĸӣ
ĸӣΣ۾ԽԽۣס̧֣¹ĹߡĸӣҲЩƻĹĶĸӡ벻ǣһ֪
лԥţȻţ̧֮һɵóһ۾ôô죿
оӣлȡǽϵνһ˳΢΢ۣˮĽϣӳԼ
ŵĲ԰зŲĻңһֻƮڰҹĹ¹ڣ۾ȴǳ죬ƮĹ¹ҪѪᡣ
ӿǳªᰡĬţл˵ȥЪŰɣô򿴿ǲǵ˻ۡ
ǻۣǰǰˣˡоѭֻصĶ⣬ǰ뽪Ӵ뽪ҽýѽԵĽ죬֪뿪ˣˡ
ʱ˵СĿ۹ȣ˼ǹȣһСþ˸˵þҪʧ
ǰźܿԶβõ˱ϵʱеʹ;Ľ죬ӴʧĿԣ鷴ƽ˼㡣
ҲڣûʲôҪ˺˰ɡ
ȥɣл䡴ߣֽ̫࣬óۿƵ̫ҽúø࿴
ȥĵطĺۼڹУڹﶼУô๫ҪæʱԸæšأп֧֡
ˣлۼȥǹķ̾ҡҡͷ⣬ǲȰӡ
ڰַԸ̫ࣺȥ̫ҽԺ˵ۿƵĴ۾ʡ
̫ȴûߣ£ū澴һ£ļ¡
лʵʲô£
ҹūȥּʱ佫˸˴ˣū澳źƽҲڣ˸ۣС̽Ϣ̫һСӻ˵ҹ˺ˡ
ʲôл䡴һ
µһһһߣڶѻڰͷ͸ˣȥֻµһۡ
ǺϧգΪ
õĲ¶۵ˣַϢ˻ʱڷģŵȰٹʱٹٱҪȥΪ̫飬˻Ъһɡ
ûͣʣƳһۡ￴۽ϸϸһߺۣѪʱ񣺡˵۾
һָǺģüٿʱǰһڣæҵĽεˣ̫ҽ̫ҽ
εˡһ˿ѵ˼ƮҹεʱǲҲо
֪˶ãת
ǰһƬڣ۾ţƺǰɴ֮Ķŵҩζһ˿𵭵㣬ãŷӦǽ֪
ڼͬĴϡ
ţӯĽŲԶǰϤƮڱǶˣ˵ͷ
һѳϵİ
л˵
ӸһΣôô~


30 
ǰȻ, ǿҵĹߴ̵óۣ밵ѸлУ˰һ, , ̫̫Ϊҩ
۵Ķһ, ʲôס, Ҳ
ˣȻȫˡ
ʱڷŵɲǣȫȫǰصק۾ϵİ׷ȥ׷ϣסźռǵĳ, еСһЦȥɡ
, Ҳͬһš
, , ȫˡ
ǰΪ, Ϊ֪źͽһϸϰ, Ϊ֪ͬϢůĸоԵ۾ȥʱ, ͻһжص˰ǰ
ΪеĳԺΪơΪڿʱֻҪ뽪ƵŮӣܼ
, ǸΪƵҩ, ջһ뽪˼һģһ, ڱ۾£طֱǡ
ˣȫˡ
ֻн֪⡣ֻֻ˵ŻֻʱŻἤЩ
ֻ۾۽ȵģʲô¡
ջŵֳѪˣ˿ɺãҸ
ȥûʲôˡ
ﵽǽ֪ĺۼ㣬ͷ߷õȣϻߣﲻҪʲôҩ㣬ҪŮ˴ҲӦü
ǽߣҪ㿪ģ߿ʧˣ˵Ѿˡ
ѾǷˡûдҲǲܣ˵ɡ
տ̽ɫ˵̫ҽһֱںŷˣκ˿ǻ̫̫˹ȥ뿴û£Ҳýҹˡ
ӡ֪һ˺ӣ޾ľ߳Էɣ̫̫ߵȫ
ˣ˿ãܲȥ֡ţҲŪ֮ҰѲҲͰˣûҪȥ
ϾӦۺǻңϣûаϵ
ɷȥˣ̨ףԺߣſڣȥȥ˵岻ʵĻͱȥˡ
̫ͣ죬ƷϹԱҪ빬飬ة࣬ǵһ졣һֻ̤żڣһֻ̤ż⣬ͷݡ
סĵطͬĵطºۼĵط
ͷżԺ
Ʋ׻ˣƲ״籦ġ
룬õǸܻӭĺӣ뿪ң˵Ǻ¡
һԺһ·ǰûͷ
ɥǡʱԹ
ĵʼһƬɫУǰֽһİһİлοлɺȥ
̫ߣֻɣлԹѾǸлӣʱõȥЪϢˡ
лţİٹʱ۳
ǰ棬ʱе˶ƣ̬˶ٶЩΨֱͦһùɶڵУһ뿡ݷлɿ˫赡
ֻ۾л䡷ӣƤͿҩ࣬Ѫ˿۽ǻѪۣڼˣùġ
л˽ӣ׼һʱֽƷƫִ£Ȱ˵Ҫ־ةְ飬ˡ
л䡾ãô񷨵ˣӲƫִйءлԹۣóλᷢӵĸ飬Զƽʱ¶Ķöࡣ
л߳⣬ʵ빬𣿡
ܹ̫æƽ˲˺˶
ʲôлһ
ܲôģֻǽ֪⣬ôڹϸ룿л벻ֵͨū˵ฮֵú÷˺˴̫ҽԺļ˶ų˹䡣
ʲôл䡳׳ϣô˵ģ
벻ͨô£˶Դ˼ңƲûǿˡ
˵أεúܡֵ
ûʲôεġл䡵һԳǽ֪иǺô򵥣ŽƲõƷ
ƲʱշãлЩò뽪Ʋףһһ䣬һһ࣬ĸף벻ұۣԭɾˣЭģƣֻҪ˳ˣ಻ͣôܰȡ
л䡷Ըȥƽ
ܲܣֲ̬֪⣬Ʋף˵û
ƽ򸮡
֪⿴ŴԽԽŨҹɫŵɡ
һȥˣ˸֮⣬ûб֢״˵ǽҹƽ£ôȥģͲ
ٳԵ㣬ƲŸףι࣬Աˣܺá
֪һڣȥҨæҡͷԲˣŵúܡ
ؼԺ󣬸˴Ǹιԣŵöɤ۶һҲԲˡ
Ʋײţųôһ㣬èҲ಻˼ڣôͲϳˣս˶֪Ա˲Աˣ˲ʲôģܺõÿ졣Ҩһ׻ҪιʱС˽Сүˣ˽ǸϿȥӼݣ
Ｘ˶һƲæӣ㲡ͱˣҳȥС
ˣǶˣԼл䡵ЦŴӴԭѾſڡ
ʱرȻƲϹӸס֪⣬ոʰ꣬лҲţһװҳһڣЦ˵òˣ޹
źʱл˵ңƲѰݵڵأµĶ䣬ͿأԱ𣡡
лַĿ⿴ˣڽ֪ϣ˵Ĳ飬ɺЩˣ
Ʋʱü£룬˭ķˡ
лЩΣ÷ʣԭҲֻøĿڵ޸ո˵Ǿȡ
»֪ʲôɣƲһûУȴƳú׻˵ʳӣֱԣ룬ҲԼۺܱܲסӴ˶ûаϵ
Ʋףе㷢Щ˽£ڱǰ᣿
֪֪ƲΪʲôҪ˵ЩҹϵԼֻл䡵Ķ䣬Ӵ˾ǰ϶޿ܷˡΪǵúȫ
ͷӿһů⣬л䡵Ҫҩģֻ޿ڡ
̫ҽ£ΪҽΡƲҧķŭȴУýռλԣĺ񻹲֪޲ýǧУ
лԥţ˵˿ڣҲεˣۼѪֹ
Ʋʱ³⣬޶Щš
ǰôϲǸ쵰ˣ᲻
֮£֪üȻ룬Σ޹ء
л˵


31 
л֮, еʹˮǸϡҩĺͲƷͬʱ, ֪ϢҲھд, к֮߶ﰵ, ֮㳤̾, ʹв
֪ⱻƲ׺ţֻڷоٲöزأǳ˼֮ȥԼҲñȴǰ, , ˶ȴǰкת, µĿ϶, Ϣпǰ̥ҩ
ƳϵĽƲɬ, ĬĬڳ, û˵
֪Ҳ²⣬ǰ̫˯, ÿ˯Ƶģ۾һվ˯ţ˯˼󣬽޵ľһ룬Ҳñȴǰ, ֻʼ벻ͨ, մ, ʲô
磬Ʋ˵һǲ²ʲôֻǸССҽŮôôͨŪܻ
ЩȥƲ״ͷһ˿δסĵط¶ȹյһǣָҴ˽ȥ⣬ˣ
ų裬һ߽Ʋͣס˻ͷ
ѮѳʱڣһǴӼ԰ѡõĴճģӨӨɷ˰ЦݵذƤСʢι֪⣬֪ЦԼɣ̫鷳ˡ
鷳չ˶һϲúء˵⻰͹
Ʋǰͷһţüԣġ
𲻰ᣬһֱǵúȻû˵꣬㿴һţƲæأ
ȴѩ׵һϣϵм룬۾ϵ£ᣬóԵġ
ƲסˣӪЩҲ˵Ů˼һ˺ӣǵʲôĻб仯ԷĿζŸı䡣
ʱ˿̣ƲײеᵽѾˣϾҪĸˣƲ׵ͷĬĬһѣ
ֳ֪һţճݼĻζúܣǰǳԲµģڣȴøոպãҲĺӣϲɡ
ԵζԼǻϲЩ֧ôã߾ᣬĺӣпܽ⺢ӣȫȫԼЩĹɵġ
֪ڶѣƲһհõҪ͹һ
ɫеǳϸüҪȥ̫飬ҵ˼Ǽ٣ȥˡ
̫֮ѹľҪǨ԰ãŹأƷϹԱھ飬ƽ˼ҸҪ·ֻжзۺ£ʵڲ¶档
⼸˵˽Щ̽ĿѾʳѰһҹһҹ˯ˣٲֳϣôʾɣõ벻õģЩۡ˵һ뵽ʹ
Ʋ׽͵ǰ֪ſڳˡ촽ָ˵ù˵Ǵֲڵģָоðģ֪ҧ֭ˮڿǻгӯţġ
ԭҲȥ˵ˣΣڻûûԴٻ
Ʋָԣָϲ֭ȥʱƳüƲԥһ±ûãҪģʱҴȥ¶档
ȥʲôؿڶµ⼸컹۵ģҶҳȥˡ
ͻȻͱζ֪ͷƲ䵭ĸ׸òһֱڼɣ
֪ӵʹǷĲŨüëͦεıŨصѹȸУЩڣСȥҪӡ
ʲôɶģ˿µֲ⡣Ʋ״粽ãһֱŲ¶棬ֻС˵ͷԽ˵ԽҴȥ·ҪǶ֪ʲôɫǿǽĺǧ˭˵ģĵ?N
˵һкӣ²˵㲻ܰˡ
֪￩һ£̧ۿĸס㲣üϸϸƣܿΪ£ĸ⼸춼û˯ãǣĸ׻ﻰ˼Ǿͬġ
ƲҲˣɫȥûн׳˻ӣҾһΣ
ͬΣǺӵס
Ҫɱ⺢ӣ֪ҵô죬ڶ֪ܻܲôܻн
֮ʱһж˵⺢ûаϵܻһҾĸף
Σ̧ͷгʪˮ⣺ûӣ֪ӵļѣοһӡ
һҵĵģԿηͻȻ룬Ҫ̥ȥñô룿Ǻͺã⺢ӣȻʮ꣬ͻڱ۲²⺢ӵҺ㰢ڵʱ򻹺ãܻ˼źǲˡ
ǲˡ֪ͻȻУ۾ʪˡǳʧȥζģһɲǣ˳㣬סˣߴƲ׵ͳ⻹ҡ
ɫأΣ۸ĸΣһգһգˣ֮ǰҲᰲźһУ¿
֣Ƴ׳ʿ֮ǰʦĸףҶġ
ɳǲ̸ģ׾ʱ˵ɷΪʬɸ֣أ֪ڶ֮⣬һ˿
Ƭ̾ĬĨᣬȦͷû˵
ƲһѣϸϸʼƤĸͬĻ¾ôˣҴȥ·¶ͻ̫ã۵
ãá
һ磬֪ҩһɥ·ŽƲ׳š
ƽ򸮵ļڳǵĴ·ϣԱ߰żҹӣҲмس佫˼ң֪Ӵķ϶￴Զӡǳĸףļ
ʱ֪ĻνةฮӾֻݼϣݹ棬꣬Ҳδȥңκһˡ
֪˴ʡ鷳
ڼǰͣסΧҼӿһȺֵˡ
֮У֪Ѿ÷зҲЩϢͨ˼֪ˣ˵ʲôĶУֻлͣ˶ǲ²ۣҲ֪ΣۼƲǰ棬Ա߱ȻŮ죬˶ԾԾԣǰ
ǡʱԶĶˡ
ɸߵĿ··ǰ棬ֽֽľм䣬лɵĳڹľ֮ٺ棬ĹԱھһ˺ƺƵȥ
ˡ֪Ʋ׵ѡ
м䣬ͦñֱһ˫״Ѫۣ·ߵļ
л˵
ΪһдģѹȽϴдҲܼѣһǧд˾ŸСʱòܶȻ⼸ҲȽңʺһ㣬ΪרֲӰ죬ӿܲῴǸ϶߶֪ǰڼÿ۶ǻظģȷʵмӸʲôģһ˵ǣôô~


32 
ТТ, ֽǵصֽǮ, ǴĿİ, ۣѪҰ֮, ģ߲׽
Ź, ˣ֪ǽ֪⡣֪꣬ʱѾ᲻ϵϵ迴, ֪ڡ
Ŷ̬, ֻ۽ģ, Ǳߡ
ˣ·ڽС
ų, ֪ˣսе㷢
ǿֵ, кܶ, ͬſҵŮ, ͷһǰ¶棬ʲôģ
ĸֶʹڰĶ齣ᣣѾǰ˵ձ, ̺˽, ͵͵Ӵﴫ, һҡ
֪֪⻹ʹ˵ͷ
ʱͣסˣ֪һſˣǰȻƲվڸǰɡ
һʱ֪ӳĳЩʶģ²ҵĶӡϱСӣЩʶԼǸտӵܱЩ˵ͬģ²ģģģһʱԷֱ棬֪⵽ԶһƤһ̵ݸӱŸ첲ЦģĵĿ⡣
ްں̤ŵʣ֪ŽƲ׵֣³
˹߻ѪɫģſҲ㹻ֱӦûģΪƲ׼ǰ뱧ɫЩ԰ףϼϿʼǳѪɫ
ǰ죬õöˡȥڿĶӣƽ̹ģûѪ֪ǸӣôҪסĺӣڲڡ
Ʊʲôһƿߡ
ûѪӦû¡ʵνûҲ뵱ȻѪ£Ҳô׵ǰʧôԶԶƳһۣô֪ô
֪˳ɫձһ·̵齸ǰ֪̤ŵձ߳һӭĪ˽紩ˣɳɳ졣ʲô
ߵúܿ죬쵽ǰˣԽƽļһƣ΢΢󣬿Ǵӳǰ̵ǰĺܵձǵǶĶ齣ϵСˮı̡һжۣһжǺŮеų
޸ΪųаӿϵƣΪ³ɣһֱӼʳסжܼ򵥣룬ԼҪ³ʵҲûҪܿࡣ
֪߳ڶ۵ԽԽǰ˴գҪڣԶͻȻٵˬʵ㣡
̧֪ۣƼӰӭųֽͣǮɿر㣡
ԼմϻϱŰˮңھﻹʮĵط͵סյƥ廨ǰ߸ԾһԾ£һͷչӥ
֪ʱԽǽͷΣɫˡ
УʹƤ壬ôˡ
ǰв죬ΪΪӣˣǲ졣
ƼǵǰߣЦΪڹɥУԱ߱Ķ飬Цֻ۽ǲɢܿߵǰȥ㡣
ʲôʱģ֪ͣסӣ۾︡һЦ⣬Ҹȥģ
ջ˵ֱӹģƼ忴һ˫۾ģûƸˣƸҲȥ𣿡
ˣϵĽƲļ磬ߵĶģ
ԶյƹءƼü
ƹأ뾩һǧأ֮ߵضҹ̡֪⿴üۣؾЩЩڹۣûôˡ
ôأӦ£ܽЩ鷳
㣬صع㡣
Ƽ˵ŻǰգƲһסѹüͷʲôȥ˵ﲻ㡣
Ƽתת飬һЩĿƵĴȻ
Ķ黹ǰţ˳ţǰĹֽϾҪţٹһҲȥͿˡ
ķþǲߵһһģһжԸΪʲôֻʣ¿룿
Щìܵģģҵƺǰģˣеһжˣֻʣտǣưܣª
ˣǰԱֽ̫˲óţڲװҪͣһĹ򡣡
ƽͷһΣ˹веʧ󣬵˵ͷ
ͣסˣ֪⡣
ϣŽ죬Χ߰磬֯ĵӣһжɥеĹֻءЩɫһж¡
ǺųǰδʱôġҪ̣֪һһģҲΪʱĺܰ
ţΧڱϣҪ˵ǸˣӲŮ̸ʶ˭
֪ʶģ²Ķϱϣ´̸Ŀʵ֮󣬿ǺûˣôͻȻؼˣ
֪֪֪ʣϢô죬ڳЩĸΪ£ô˵뿴ʲôӦôв²һν࣬ΪߵõһȤζܶʱǲ˼ɵ֮ʲô̵ġ
֪˼ţҪʱƼǰͷֱȭȥ˹ϲ㣡
֪²ҪʲôؿƼֱɫڿʵϣϲңѿຣ
ԵһͻȻֹ֪⿴εľȣԭЩֱۣ̽ӣЧ
ĵһ˿ɢȥ֪ͷлл㣬˵ûǸùϲҡ
תϣãһؼңΪѾ롣
ĿΧˣǩУױʳŵܻһûаϸ𡣡
ǰ˶֪İ䣬ȴǴδ˵ѻȸΨĶϷƮֽǮ
мƬ˳ϣƤûᡣ߷·ҹ֪ˤҩʱĴ죬룬ûаϸ׿ڴӦױд£Ϊڣյ÷ۡ
û뵽żεңö죬¡
⻰˵ģҺЦƼ̲ȥǸ˶ĺ£ôģ
žƲ׳ڼϣڴˣֽ֣дӴúĺûаϵҪǰǶ
ɱݵĿ⿴ڳÿһˣɳɱĺ˵ƣЩСЩĲ˸䣬ʶ˼Ʋ׿ˣסⱦıģ˳
ͬ˪ճüĿžٴһģѹںϣҼ˽£ʣҾ׼һΣӽһõģе
л˵
3Ӹһ


33 
Ǹùϲҡ뿪, 䵭̣Ӧǻϲġ
Ѿ롣ˣӴİ·, ԶԶһ, ԺҲлˡ
һ, ûаϸ𡣡ĺҪǸ, µڣ޷ȷǺס֣ô־ģƫôڴġ
ĬĬţģƳиɫĿ⡣Ǽߵڲ², ߵ, Ҳš
ž, ڰ, ȥ淴չ, ̵͵رۡ
ǽƲ׵ĵ, սɱѪĵ, Ʋ״ȻƱнƲһĵһŭеﵱʱƽϢʱģʱ, Ļʱ, Щ², ͻῪʼﺢӵ
ʲôеģ棬ͬӿһ̵ʵûڿ־壬Ҫ⺢ӡ
ֲ飬˱齪̱ҡ
߲ͣ㹻Щ˶̬ȣٳ϶Ǵˣǻףñ졣
ǸˣԼĶ⣬Ҫѿ
ֻû뵽ܴôáûûж㣬ƽ̹Ȼ˵Ǹ޻˵ǰСˣԭ¶֮µĴݡ
ˣǰ涼ŪˣԱǰǷУ
Ҫˣ´֪ǺʱĬţһ̶۲ۣ
ǣƼ塣
̧ۣѾʰƼڱϣ˽֪ⷽſĽ棺ҪڻȥͰ㡣
ԱڵȻػ˶٣ټһ顣
ߣ֪ŽƲ׵վǸûȥˡ
ƼæǰҸƸһ㣡
ŴĬš׷ǹʣƾʲôؼҡô˫۾ţεʱʲôģƫҪǰա
ˣǧôأۣƲ׾ܾˣɫƼ壬ԼأҲؼЪŰɡ
ҲۡƼЦţȴǶ˵ģ㣬ҿˣȥֱȣвУ
ʢв¥δ۱ȣҪȥֲ衣ԾֱͦĻش𣺡ѽ
ģ̬ȣȥôϰߣôİãΪԶʧȥĶҲֻǣӲпʧȥɣʱˣǰᡣ
УӰš
߱һˡ´֪ʲôʱ
ŵӰȫѹ߽ŵתǰлɻͷңңࡣ
̧ۣлɿݵڻҰıкۣʣ۾Щ𣿻˰ſҴ˲ҩĻмԭΪ̫Ĳ񡣡
ҡҡͷѹû˵
ǻ˵ģ˿̸ðο䣬ȴֻǸɰͰ͵˵ء½ڰ
ᰲοˡӺСʱף˰οҪȥԼ
ɫʵԣǰҲ˰ο۹ǽˡֵǣʱܻͬʱ
ʶػͷǰãã飬ʵ˿߱Ӱӣ̲Ӷмǰˣ̿бУ
Ƶ˼صϣǰлɡ
߱߳ȥԶ֪ģɿһֱս֡
е죬еţóԴǵˣδʱŮҾۻᣬǸĬĬ׼ֲȱ©ˣٳͷ¶ŵô˵ǷЩˣһ뻹ǵſ֣Цġ
Ӿ֮ʱ뵽һ죬ЩЦǰ£֪ˣӦ
㷽Ƿ˵ʹ죡ƼЦӰ볨ĴǸɫӴһһһģȾûô죡ϳûƼӶһֱԹŰɣܵģ
ЦʵģȻŸȾ˵ȶȣ֪Ҳûϲһ˫ۣ㷴Ӧÿ죬ȻҲ֪ôڲźá
ֻשҪǰӵúã ƼظģԺֻܽңұĲУﰢͷûģ
ˣƲקͷ˴ЪЪ㻰Ҳ̫ˡ
ҽãǴСһųֵһ㣬Ƽ岢ûоñðһŤֻصǰҴֲ࣬ͷһ֪԰ɰ㣿
֪ŴЦá
ƲЦ£ɵһٴΰѻƼ強棺˵ȥ˳˾ǰ㲻ȥ𣿡
и»£ҵڻҲӾȥˡ
ȥĻ˵Ʋ׵Ҹ㰲š
żƼЦţ۳ӣͷ£Ȱ˵ɡ
ʲôҪأ֪⿿ųڣ˼ĿĵƮšƳŮʱƺһֻͻƾӯųΣͰ壬ʱҳĶɣڳл
ЩǺܱģΪ̫١ʮ͸ŸɳڼҵʱָĸҪչԲĳ㣬ʱһˣԿ飬ˣ轲¡
ĸչ˳㣬Ȼ˵ЩһҲֵģĸײϲܸоÿڵʱĸǸ䵭
ĸײڵʱ͵͵ܹȥ㿿ŴͷţЦҩζ̫ŨѬˡ
֪ۣסӡʱ¶ԺͺˣкˣӻһҲúźӡ
ͣסƲ״ţҪ֪Цҡͷû£ҺöˣԼ
ŽƲ׸³ӭɫô
иڣа壬ûʲô£֪ͦõġ
ƼܵǰЦ˵ĸϧû㼸仰ͰûҴȫ˻ȥ²Ǹǽ
²ƽ佫ƽﳣֵҪίЩֵ̫ѿ
úܺáƲ׳²ʹ죬Ҳûʲôҽû˼ңҲա
ѣǽͻȻһ죬ǾʯͻȻ£֪һı£Ǹʰ԰ء
ƽĻ԰һɽģȻɽˮݳھҲǶһݣ԰ӴǰǻʼԷ͸״ƽһСΧǽи֪Сʱ򣬸ʱл棬ֻȵۺл䡶ԣЩˡ
˺ü󳵼ʮˣͿʼʰˣ͵û׼ӣҪСүء
ƲûЩŽ֪ϵ·ǴǰڼʱģɫЩˣȥңĶû
ҹʱʱգڹҡ
Ϥ·ߣϰȥ鷿ʹֱƫԺԺϹ¹£Ĺ⡣
л˵
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34 
վǰ, ǰûڲſϹҵǰͭ, ⳤһס, 澲ĵģƶûһյ
ǰڵʱ, ů, ֻҪûԺžͲԶڵ
˹˵콪СүҪȡС˵
ûȵӦҲ, Щú, һǰķйص, λһ䵭ƵӷӦǺܹ, Ź˵ġ
ã
æҳԿ׿, ǰ, Լƿ˽ȥ
æϣС˵
¡˵
, Ҫ˵ȴµĺۼҲκ˿κƻԼ
ʹǺܿ춼˳, ̤Ű¹, Ժȥ
мһʯ̳ɵ·ͨ, Ժӷֳ룬ԺӲ󣬴úܾϸǽʯÿĩͻȭͷİƤʯ񣬽֪ʯһſŰԡ֭ˮ档
ԺɽңĹӲ󣬵ܴ࣬ϲڵʳұӣңĵʱԹ֪ӣңţζһᡣ
ѾܾòԹĶˣġѾʼϤζ
ߵ£֦Ҷ׺ɬĹӣڵʱ֦ˮѽ̫ܵĹ޵뿪ôãû˴Щ衣
ȵһҲݣڴǰǲܷ飬ߣǰϨ˵˵ʱСʱڻ԰Ĳݴȵһߣµúܣڵĵطúܸɾ
ʱǿÿ£˼죬ݶˡ
ȥһӲݣǵڶáá
ƲȡĶҲҲأܹ޾ԣһˣЩӲݣẦ¡ûҪŵ
ŶƣϸӲݡһֻҵʱǼǰǳźܶҲݣʱǽҲû˰Լε
ƿؾƺ󣬾ûЩֻڵ˺ˣҲʺЩֻȻ죬˵
һ·Ųݣݽ£ͷŹס˫飬ΣĲݣǰƿ
ƽĵطԷұվ֮ǰ·ŵ壬ڿӵĻҳζеİ롣
վ˺ܾãҹ翪ʼ䣬ݳҷ꣬ŵһ˵ζͻȻʶҲǽ֪ճ
ĵĳͻȻһۣ뿪֮ڳĿɬζ
Ǳòϰߣʲô޴δ֪ΣնͷؿƵòת뿪ĵܳš
ҹ鷿۾Ϸҩɴ򽻴ʵڲհĻҹҪȥշתֱ࣬ĸİԶ𣬻û˿˯⡣
ǰｪ֪񾲵뿪úܺá
ĿٲͣϡǰҹĵƣůůĹؼҵ·ôڣϵ£ңţȴ֪ЩâٲΪˡ
ܲӦʹĸоͻȻʶԼҲִģǰΪԼʬ⣬ûκػŰˡ
﷢ͣһжŲʵĸоҲú˯һʱͻ֣ᷢЩһУǳĵΡ
ͷԽԼӼȻôЩìˣЩƽƶģܹԹ۵Ҳˡ
ԭȻЩġ
һʱŻϹٷ
Ϣ˽һֱãû춯
ϵš
Ǹ׽Ĵ̿һ类еģżϣûκɱĻᣬˮʳҲ飬ܡȻ˾ôˡ
Ǵ̿ǸӲͷộ˿ɿڣֻţǶĻʹΣա
ΪʹϢȥηڽ⼸Ȼ춯˿Լָлɣ̿ͲĻ죬ضץʵݡ
ΪòǣֻôһĹ򣬿ôܵˣˡ
ˡ⴫һüһ̧
ǰգʱô
һӺȥʱ߽ˣӽ͵̫̫Ħ̫˾ûһȥ
⼸ܴȥаչĦ˵ܾõĻϲ
ϵƢҪίʵǼ׵£չȻǸġ
Ҫȥϳ𣿡û׼ֻվ⣬ܸܲһߣҹδٱˣֻ¹ù˵
ҽŮδŮӣΪʱҪ빬̹죬ԶסڹϽһԺӣʹЩĹŮδٱ㳹ҹ飬ҪģȻͷ˵϶⡣ͷԡ
лˣջϲֵ˵۾ЩǴ˲Ҹ˰Ħͷۼġ
ءܿ
ʼղҪţձҲֻܵ⣬һûһ˵ŻɫԽԽϼ̫ðͷѹƽϳʱ䣬Ȼûгᣬǰ֪û糯״򲻶ĸңôϵڻû
̫ߵʱС˹Сүȡ˵Ķ
տֹ̬ͻȻһʱɽͻȻڻıջȻ
ԺԸ
֪ǲϳڣ⼸ÿ춼һֱ߶߶Ž֪ĺӣǺû£͵ҵĸ磬ûйĺӴȥս˼ҰռŲĵ
ҲܺˣȷʵѲôҲѹֳһ˵ˣϡ
ΡԸ
ջͷ۾ϵİ¶һ˫ѪۣƤһֱ̫Ѩ׵ģΣһҹû˯æǰӣЩ
̨ףȳСԺһȥƫԺһȥţʱȥƫԺԵˡ
ȥˣߣ·Ҳķޣһ۾УҲûҪ˵϶˵
ţţ߽ţгĶƲ׾ЩĴȫ˽ռء
۾ģԽƲףԽЩʹѾߣѰÿһޣ֪ⲻڣȻû
ʧʼӣ﷢ſ࣬߹ĵأֿһ顣
ȷû
ƤһԲ߹
վסƲ
ͣƲ޿ŨڵĽüһ˫ӥ͸⡣ʵ񽪼ˣ佫òʶƫڿ㣬Ҳĳ࣬ΨƲӢдź壬һ֪Ա
ߵü˻û㡣Ʋֱޡ
űһͷ¡
СģվһϣҪ¡
¡˵
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35 
žּֿ, ͷ£һŲ, ֮س, ʱһ׵Ѫۡ
ˣղţ, , ڰôءæȥҪ䵭¡
촽۾ˮίؽˡ
ԭ, Ʋ, Ħű, ҽŮա
žڶ޴ŷ, ٴ£ûܣˡ
һԾ, ץ, Ʋȴ;һתıĶ, ڿŤһߣžһڰϡ
վһϺѪ˿Ʋ䶢Ҳ
, ת, ǿŲϵ, ֻʳû°ɣҸһ¡
Լ˹˲ϣ˳ǣ⡣Ʋһ˱ޣȥˡ
ߡ
ӴŻۣϣЩļ䶼һޣ⧲س˳
ˮɱĶգŵ£ıֺֿݣһ³ڱϣӣ£
Ϲ򣬴Ժ´ĹͷҲ¡ǰ˸ޣ³ˣѪճƤϣΧϣŲײ裺Ƶġ
ˣտŲ׷ԲĵᣬˣòҩС
ҩСȥҹϣʱĸףףȻĽ֮飬˿ͷʱܵȥĸסϿˣõ·˺øƣճѪ³ֱضúÿƣ˳ôûչˣȥһȥ
Լҳڴϱߣû˸ҩҪȥֻԼ
ԽԽ죬׷ˣȵѽ
͵ͣסŲ⧲Щײϣæסʱֻ۾ѪѪ죬һѪʣס죺ˣ۾
ĨһѣͷУУۣͰȥ̫ҽԺ
ƫԺ
Ʋ״󵶽վԺǽߵʯ񣬹˹ɽң͵ӣңЩǽ֪ӹ԰˺ӣԹģǰдʱʹ
Ҳ䡣
Ʋ׳Ѱ֣ѽǽΪģȡȡͨ˪ѩƲۡ
ֻӵ
һӣϣ֦Ҷһ£ҵʹһ϶㣬ͼƲٴλӵ
ӶʯɽҸŵ£Ʋ׿˳֣ƼǴҰգˣ˵ǸջɣҶңܹĿȥ
ƨĿϹ˲źá
Ʋ߹ȥ账деҰնʱһ֦Ҷ
Է޸Ŵˣ̾˿
ôϵĹҰգôûˡؼǵãҪѷʣҪ֦ҹʱҪȥ̫̫ܵСģʱҪҩˮϸϸҶϣô³ˣʱ򻹻ŵȥץ档
ûҲãҲûôõĹӸˣǣǸա
תͷָСѾͷʰϸ·ǰֻ֪漸ֶ̫࣬ûúϸҽ֪ױ࣬ⷿһðżױ
СѾɢڸʰۼ⣬СѾͷӴӹȡ̴ľϻҪţæסҪ
ʱ֪صؽǸ̴ľϻӲҪˣҾСʵЩ棬Ž֪ôãɱһǸϻӣΪ̵ѾͷȴӲ֪ͷװĵʲô
ôϧĶͻȻҪˣǸйصĶ޾ⶫҪãôȥˣҪѹ
ùϻһĳѾڿˣСùţޱϻӷŽ룬ֹϣżױⷿȥˡ
ԺƲһһｪ֪⾫ĴͥԺ˸ϡã֣ͣק½һǣѵзɿһĨ
ҫۣѪıƲ׿ŵӳԼüۣǳ׶ϸɾˣɽأǲǻҪˣ
峿ʱ̫΢紵ˬ֪µп
һǰûʲô𣬷еˬ࣬óǶϴɹģԺĻҲʮïʢĸһֱάļҡ
СԱ߰ȥģߴߴ˵ͣ԰￴һۣ˺öཱིˣǷǰβݿģӻںϵͤ¸ߣѴųأ϶ǻҪ
֪һûһţ⼸̥࣬˵ڻ߶Щ̥ȹ̣Ҳٹӣܳ׶ȹΣˡ
ԺͷһŲ죬˽㣡
̧֪ͷƼǵ߽Ŀոģ̱Ц㡣
һҶСϣһʺҶõ⣺㰮ԣ
Ǹ⻹ȵģźҶ㣬ȻˣСæȡ˱֪ΪճԹֻһڣյĿζЦлл壬³Բ̫࣬ٳ԰ɡ
ˣóˡƼƵȥһؼһݣϵ͹
ʱһˣʱͳʳʲôǳ£֪Ҳû룺ô鷳ˮһ£һ
㣬Ƽȥαϣһ˫ۿסǰڼʱɲùʲôˮˮģ㶼ôģ
֪£ȻǰڼʱȻҪѧģ֪ηͺãôˣҪٲģȻѿ˵ˮһ£Ϊ£԰ţȥֻΪóԵøɿЩ
ˣңһίðܡƼһӷ֣ôң
һ˲䣬֪طѾǵ꣬˵Ŀ⣬ôӻɬ峤ˡ
Ƭ̾Ĭһ죬СưһӣУƼǰ̽̽ӻȡһУ㣬ġ
֪ӹδʱЦʵʲô
񡣡ƼЦһ£һΪͲȥء
֪ˣֽ³εֽɫ̣һöСӣȴǽƵɫһ˫ɫӳŻƣʱɰ
֪Цɵ˼Ư񡣡
Ƽüҷϲͺá
Ƕ磬ţҪմߣϽźãңǵʲôöʱ롣
ӻеݹȥȥģǰġ
ÿ׼ֻԺҲÿةฮǰصҲǲ
ΪЩﶼͲȥˣû뵽·תԵȴ
Сƣҿˡ
СƹȻȥˣƼӴսˣ㡣
֪һȵĿ⡣
л˵
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36 
΢紵, µѼҶӶ˶֪оȵĺڷ, Щĸо
ɵ˵㣺ôˣ
㡣Ƽֽһ
֪⿴Ĵָʳָ, 촽΢΢ţһִڽ, Щҽʱǰ¡
֪ŵϵѬ, ½ϴ·ɹͣʱůˬģʮ֪΢΢һ촽Ҳǰ, ʱ㡢ӯ㻹Ҹ, һˣ, 궼ûء
ĿԶ, ˻䣬Ƽ, Ҫ˵ʱ, ʵ˰壬ӯ⼸ôû
Ϊҽ򲹵, ⼸һֱæӰӰ´£СƺѾ˲ˮϾҪˣƼǰ˴, , ҡ
ŲͻȻ, ǽƲ׵ʲôʱģ
ƼͷƲŴ󲽣
Ӵ򿪣СҲŲ̳ˣʱȻʧȥƼЦţӭƲףһ⡣
Ʋϵ⣺㣬ͺҼûƵģרһ
ǲһģҵƼƸҲ
Ʋһ鶪һڱȥһ飬Եּֿô׽˶ǣ֪ҭæ˲裬½ǣ磬ȿˮҭˡ
ƲֺһڣЦû¶ҭţİɡ
Ϲǰ£͵ھдþˣԷ죬Ȼǰϴһգ۾ȫˡ
ӾʱȴûְֱµӪС𣬰ٷ򳤡ǧһ·ʵʵľģ֪ھӪԵĿͷʱżȻһ仰ɿһߣһû˸ˣٸ绹԰ɣȻƢθá
Ʋ״أؿŷֿãԡ
˺һ⣬ιȻԵ࣬ƼЦ˵ҪƸȻðС
СԴ˱ᣬƲƢõ׼˵ȰһֲģΨ֪˵ʲôʲôûж
ƲЦûӦֻŸ⣬Σָָѿ˶ʱֽʲô
Ҹ񣬡Ƽ԰Ҳ㣬㿴ϲϲ
װһ֧ʣī⡣ðɱʹܣϸ׹һöӣį̄ī۴ǰ׵ģ˳״һöССӣɰ
֪Ȼ򣬱ʡ⡢ֽԭһףʣӣߴ綼󣬼ȿãҲ԰ڰͷ棬û뵽Ƽ徹ôϸ˼
ϲָ֪ӣϸһСӸŻչһգ͸ģɵ˼
ƼһЦ¶ѩ׵ݣÿҶ£ǰܾþͿʼӣĥʲôӲźãҪȥõĹֻҪϲⶼʲô
žžƲ׳˸⣬ϵмҽ껹ûü׼ⲻҰɣ
δʱÿƲ׶׼ҴӲֱˡԵİ׺ѡõĺҸһ£ѡʯִĥɷһѧ㣬ƲлҪ˹ʱطָһϻ㡣
֪ܻõˡ
Ʋ״ЦسƼ̧̧°ͣûУҵĲõġ
ҲƼã϶װϲʲôҲѽ
Ʋ׶˶٣Ц⵭ȥ˻⣺⣬Ķˣ޶ţͷһϴϴɾʱýױЩÿտǸ˿ˡ
֪⵹㣬Ȼ䵭ǮƷӲ˿ٺ»ͻ֮ĶǸһõ˷˽Ķ֮Ҳܣϲ֡
ֹҪˣѹȥÿµҲǳԲǮϿˣڡ
ױ࣬ʮױȥฮǼҾ߱װ˼ݣ˰ϰױŮõĶ֮⣬ǳȰúõģױЩׯ̵棬ҲӲ֣ȫȨ֧䡣
ճʱ̫˽ϵΪˣ̷ϱûҪǮҪ֪Ҳȫֻ˶ˣûϻᡣ
ֻЩҲ˵֪ͷãҶһԡ
Ұﰢ㡣Ƽæ˵
ˣЩ㶮𣿾Ϲ͡Ʋһ㲻˵ȥҿıôˡ
ƼҲ佫ӻƼĸױŸ߿ƾ٣Ϲս˻в٣ԻƼСĿȾҲӲ£Цǵӹ򣬲Ƹ翴ġ
Ʋ׵ģ˲֪
ŻƼߣ߰ɣЪЪˡ
ƼҲֻøϣ˱߱˵ŻƸλܴãʲôʱݣ
Ҳȥˡ
֪һ̧ͷʱƲعͷѾ£ھС
С
л䡵Ʋո˵ʢˡ޻ûá
֪ƲΪʲô£ǲĽ֪⣬Ͼĺӻδ⼸켸ν棬ҲƲ׵ƢԼ²Ǿȥġ
˽ۣƲǸֳţۺס֪ƽڹۣ벻ƲסƲݣھиá
лҲ㡣λҪ߰װڣһɽˮӺĹšװ˵лھУڲʲô춯ӺʼնǱ߾ϵĸ󻼡
²бսʱӲ²ץֱɱʱԽӣ°ٸŮŻճǣ˷ʤ
ݵı߽ܱڵÿ಻ԣƲײͬʮӾŴ˽֣˵ϰʮ˽⣬ѪԺ£ڷ벻֮ʱͻ磬ɱ˱ߣԶһɱǸһүƲ׵֣ûµġ
нƲڣ߾һܰݡ
ȣƲ׺£Ǹϵʮ˳֣óȻˣֻڱ²
л֪˵ʵ飬ûбȽƲ׸ѹĽ죬Ҳûб뽪Ĭģ벻ƲףǿҪȥĲ½֪⣬ǲܰĵġ
л䡲̾ⰡأǸ޳˸⡣
ƿԡڴʱէȻ֪⣬˺ųţ˵ɬζл䡵Բס˼ңúøǣ룬Ʋ˲С
Բס˼ҡͷȷԲ޻˵޴ӱ⡣
л̧ۣѪۣ԰㲵ʢɣ˼ɭɭлЩ̣ͱæŹˣȥЪЪ˳ĥĥô½ˡȥɡ
ʱɫ磬컹úܣƽʱǾȥģȻ죬ȥ
ѾˡڼûʲôìܣһأһʹԼӲصġ
ѾˡĶҲˣյģʺ»Ұ
ظԸ
ߵúܿ죬Ӳ죬ʱʱߴһ
ĵţ뿴ʧкۼļңʲôģһֲִ̬·ֻаѪܵ˿˺øݸ˺޷ָʵֲֹͣ׷̲ס׷ڵĥ
Ӹ̧ţûͣסˣһԲǰȥԽԽ죬۽ǷʹӶ׷ϣܿ쵽ǰ
ԺųţһƬǽ塣
л˵
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37 
ȿ, ǵڵϵļʯ񣬼ɽҡССƤӣûݲ, ˤƤˡ
, ˱Ĺ֦Ҷ̵, °, ϵǽ£ųһŷš
һһš
֣ǰӲ쵽⼸Ĵ, û, ͻȻͷ, ЩͥԺ, յ
ŲȵĶͷһ, ջ, ҲǱģп, һ֪Ūġ
ǽƲס
ջýƲ׿ˣЩΪµĻҲҪˡ
Ҳãɾˬ, ӴԺյ, һйصĶû, Ҳʡ˼ˣЩС
뿪ȽŲܿƣ˽ȥ
еμڣЩӭȢʱõļʲЩڼϡϵİǵһصĶҤһ׾ҤĲߣЩͭ¯ģ񶼲ˣĶֵú
ߣҾڣ￴黹ԭţõĲߡ⡢ȵҲԭţǩʴЩˣЩģǷֵú
ұԷȥŵ˵Ϣԭô࣬ĺۼǻһЩϾĹ˭ҲĨȥ
࣬¹ˣЩģʣһŴһðġʵ޵ĶҲмŴ̴ľġģÿŶðأûͬ⣬Щ̫ݻˣϲ
ڴ£еҵûлȻҲûˡ
ˣĬĬһڴ¡
ԥţڽͷŨ۾һ
ʱԼЩδݹҪԼԶǣҪԼͷڣڣֻ۾ʱ
Ȼʲôһ׮׮һͣǰأЦڿޣüĿһֱǰζ⣬ӯ
۾
͵վ첽߳Է
ⶫһˣûоͷԨֻƬ̹Ȼʼ
ͷҲص߳ȥŵ²ЩưܵĻݣҰյ֦ҶմЬϣͻȻͣס˲ӡ
ЩɢڸҰնڹԱߣŷԸɣҸܾܲȻ
޹ûҪΪ˵ķַֺϺϣǶһ
վſڣͷԺƺʲôˣȻûɾ΢һ˺ۡ
ˣղ֪ʲôʱˣԺӰɡ
ͷ⣬ЩƵģ۾ƽɾ޹벻ĽģӭĿ⣬è˽ԺӣҪ˰ɡ
ĬƬ̣ŵá
Ժϣһûٻͷ·һֱͨǰͷղԶ˵糿̫ҹȥأϵˣû˵ʵ˵ǲСĻġ
ϵı޺ۣѾ˺ܶ࣬Ϳҩ
պܿ˵̫ҩңЧģξס
ȡһССĴɺУֻôһУѾˣЩ˰ɣҲܺõÿ㡣
ûнӣðɡ
˵˲ãҲġÿҩ˲òã
˶٣ÿ춼𣿡
ѽ̫̫ÿ춼ҹ˳˴ҩֵʲôֻһ죬ɿ쿴һֵۣͷȥֻ̫̫ܶ˵ЩֵĻ
û˵ȥ֪ڵʣȻˣʲô
̫̫˵ûչˡˣ£ֻ˵ڡ
Ѿߵ鷿ӣȥ˵
Ƚȥϸ˰գһͣסӣͷǸ
һЦԼӽȥ££ӹҵ޽ǣû¡
ȻôŮദʱҪŴӶᣬϴν֪ʱҲûаŴӣǴΣŴء
鰸ǰ£ϵڶѵģǰľµ鷿ң⼸̯ľŲʴ̿ͺóԭôģֻ⼸ģˡ
Ƴվſûǰ̧ۣɡ
ڶ棬մŵн£ʵ̫̫˵ʲô
һ䣬ոȥˢһˣյͷָ½ǣ̫̫˵ҺܺãңԺ󣬷̴ˡ
ûеõӦմŵ̧ͷĿʱֺæתĿʱ˵֪ˡ
û˵ϼڶŽһţһʱҲ֪ĬǱģû˵ﰲֻбʼֽϣɳɳ졣
쿪ʼչȻÿ춼ȥﰴĦ˵ȻٹҳȻʱδܼǳ䵭ŮɫոպŮУѾ൱עˡ
Ϣ߰󴫵ƽһż죡
˵ʲôζ֪⻹ÿ춼ڳҩ̥ײҳ߶ԭֻҪܱסܺͺã˭뵽ȻôҪǰˡ
һ£ѹ˵ǸҽŮúǼҴ
һʱ𽪼ˣƤɺˣҿļζ
ţҪǼζţô£
ʮ꣬˼æȰ˿ô˵ֲֶı壬ʱҾ˵״ǸסģȻ
ã̾һҪǳȢǹ¶ĸģô죿
ҵǾãڼҸãҲûϵˣźӣǺļҵԺȲģʲôȢҾҲڣǸҽŮ͵úܣƾȼ磿ȥɣ
ĵһ˵ǸҽŮǻ̫̫ˣһ춼벻ˣߥȢǣָﲻͣô
δ䣬˵֪ˣæס죬ʱѾߴӣ֪˽
̴̧ۣһ԰׵գʵջʱɫѾõöˣҲʼ˵⣬δʱǲ̫Զ
һɲǣǿŮǰշһУʵҩûоúЩ
öˣ֪Ⱔ̫ҽ˷ӣҩûǰôˣ̫ҽ˵ֻҪάֵ³⺢Ӿûˡ
ᰤסһ㣬ӿ˵ĿοЩԼøԭúܿ죬Щ֢ܵ״ʧˣ¶ûܸоĺӣŬ硣
ЦᣬΪĸķȣŷŵ˵ŵȻû£
֪ɿ
л˵
Ӹһ


38 
Ʋ׸ϻʱ, 輱ææӭطȥˣҲ˵һ
Ʋ׾ΪŴ¸ϻģô£
̾, ˵ĸҽŮû, ˷ˣ, ˴ǵ, ˸ϵ£ĸŮû˵һ
Ʋ׳ǳ
ֵ÷зȻҲ˵ˣʱĹҲµһ㣬ȥ, ȥĸס
Ʋ״Ժȥ, Ժﾲĵ, ֪߳Ӹ, ϴӣʱæ, С˵˯ء
û˯, ﴫ֪, 𣿡
ƲͻȻ첽߽ȥŵµĻ㣬̧ۿ°һƻһ̺Ĺ, ǳԵ, ǴѬ, ζΪУѬԵʡ
ٿߵĹϣ֪ҳżۺɫӿţǰһޣһó
ϵãǰݴġƲ߹ȥǰԲ£ĸˣ
ԲʺСҲֻŮˣһ˳߶ߵ棬ֱͻڰ׮ϣ֪Цѽ̫Сˣ
һߣƲȥϣһŤ齱ߣֱߵޣϲ
ϲ֪ǸŮ޸磬ǲең
Ȼģ׿òýġƲţҡҡͷԶˡ
ܶѣٴôܼһ
֪Цţһޣе硣
ǱġƲӿ˿˵ɡ
ˣĸˣ
Цݵȥǳǳɫ촽һ㣬ίҲģûҾûס˼졣
˵һ˵ģûйϵ
˵ӲҪףĸ׾㹻ˡ
˵չ˺úӣѾˣܾĸ׵ְ
ǵģĸ׶ˣǴй顣ŬŬٹһ㣬ĸ׶ԼЦһ¡
Ʋͷʲôطµܡ
һܹԣС󣬴Ӳ븸ĸ׶죬ʲôˣҲԼһĬĬǲڼҵʱܺοʱڼҡ
Ӿ֮ˣܶʱ򣬿Ķˣµٲ뿪ƲѹɬģСʱĿǶѧˣҸĸ׶ˡ
֪⿴һۣЩ͹ȥĸⲻǡ
еƢ̫ˣĸҲΪãȻĸ׵뷨Ĳһĸ׵ǺõģôӲضȥǵĸġ
֪齣ҲãƢе㼱
Ʋסȱżȥ
֪ڹʲô֪̬ȺϲҲصߡȥĸףȸ˵˵Ȼٹȥɡ
Ҫ˵ʲôѽ֪е档
ڻܸ㡣Ʋ׿ɺã˱̺͹ȥĸ㡣
ͷתҪʱֱסˣ磬鶨𣿡
Ʋ׶˶٣û
лʼûɿڣֻ˵Ƚ֪õ飬⼸칬ﲻͷʹҩƷƷƲףл䡲
Ҳݵı顣ʼȥݣĸĳɷָЩȻǵط˸飬ǲ˸ȥĵط
̫廹ûȫкӣŮӣڹŹϴת
û¶ƲװοӦÿˣ»Ӧġ
һֱлõ˳ֵĵ߾ͷ­ѪҲǱʱµꡣлʲô£һæչ˽֪⣬лûãΣΪΣлҲӦ
֪ʵǺ¡ǵø˵ĲŸɣɳʺĵطЩҲָоݡ֪ŽƲ׵ӣ磬ѾˣûµģȥɣһǱߣҲġ
Ʋײ³˼ͷû¶һᰲźá
ְο䣬Ǳȥ·輱ҴⷿȥСү񣬷ȥȡϵȷ͡
Ʋе⣬ʲô񣿡
԰Ҫס˵͵һھӵ֣ЩֳңҲǣǶൣ
лɡƲ׳ţȥɡ
Ӧûô򵥣£Ҳ˲
ة
̲Ƽлˡ
л壬лҵĻƣ֮ǰеĴ̿Ѷ³лҵ֣ܼӣɵˣл֮һ
۾ִη֣ôģ
ڶʬˣɱ
ɱϢųȥʱ䣬ȷҲˡ𣿡
ˣ˺ܽƻ˺ü̽ӲץۼҪ𣿡ʵ
ָãһߵŷ֣ż˳ϡ
ߺ󣬳ŹģżͣĿ
۾쿪ʼûٳѪܺһҲ̫ǰкܶߵҷɣ˵ѾʼԵʣٲúϢͻٶ񻯣ʧ
Ϣһͣһۣͻ֪⣬
ǰȾźɫ۾ëͣͷϵ˰̡
͵ۡ
Щ˷ݣȢ֮ǰδ뵽Լһ档Ԩţֳݡһһ
ùӼģǻҵģĴϢʣд֣ض
ٷԼһΣȻַݣԽԽƵķ
۾֪̳ǰе㼱૵ػ⣬ʪ޷۾û֣۾ġ
ǹŹ֣ΪԼҪ۾ǰȻ۾ĴԽԽ֪࣬˭һһΪʲô鶯
ָս֣üͷԽšԽͻȻнŲ߽
ۣɴҩࣺүûҩˡ
һΣʱҩʱϣͿҩСĴ¸Ǳˡ
Ϊĳ棬ӵ˼û˵ڣҲò³Ű죬˽Ĵųû½֪⣬һֱƽ򸮵ĶֵһƿѡԷ
˲ǰסʼûлָ˼յĹԷ񣬱ҪסڵԷ
ǲΡ
ʱ
վܴɽͷԱߵͤݣ϶ľʯǵĸ
ɽȴһΧǽɽֿһߣƽˡ
Ѿʮ첻֪⣬ԭΪԼȥ֪ͻȻ˵Ϣ
ǰһôסΣ˺ܾãڿǸϤӰڼԶһΡ
ϸŸӡ
л˵
Ӹ~


39 
, ҪôһɣƼ
ǰڳеľ£ܴɽһΧǽϹ, ǰһߵĲݵ, ݸո޼ϸϸ, һɫ̺, м׺ǵҰɽһҡҷˡ
ЩҪʵ߶ߵÿ춼һ㽪֪߿
㣿ƼûõӦ, תͷʵ
֪عá
Ƽܹ, ǵСʱȵ, Ầ, ޼ĺ̵ܶĲݵﵽһ飬ȷûʲô֮߳, ָСǰ˶齡, ֧ɡСº, ޼̺棬ںòĵֵӬİݣŷŽ֪¡
ԷǱߵܴɽͷɽЩ˶СС, ¶, ɫһķݵ, һվ󣬿Ƽڸ֪⵹ˮˮյﵹ˵ˮһ̣Ȼµã˫ַ
ЩС⣬⡣űĴƫЩ꣬˼ĥЩ
֪ӹյɫĴյʢŵɫˮǿžѾĿۣǻƼմģۺ㡣
רһֵİˣ۱Ȼɫָ㣬ϧ̫٣һͳֻܵһ̳ӡƼЦţ۾ģǣϲĻǶֵ㣬Щ
Щ͹ˣȲôࡣ֪һڣ󻬣ȻϺõ̧ۣһЦȻ𡣡
̫ԶӰߣܿı飬ӶƶϣԼЦ
ǰҲܶЦҪˮҪƼһС⣬ȻЦʶؾƵҶӣо׻˵ڸв֪׵Ļĵ
ϸϸķ紵ţɽŵ£ͷҲĵطôƼ忴Ž֪ЦԼĳطҲЦֿЩܿǳŵͬɫͻȻʶϿ̫̫׵æ㡣
ˮѲյڰϣƼӦҵʲôʲô˵һʱ벻۽÷ùݸô
֪һźţд𣬻е㼫ζƼҲڳԣԵͦ죬ֽŹˣеᣬ㲻𣿡
ְ֪ѽӹ˵ӵݸָ֣С
ƼӹӲ֣ƱûٻͻȻһѹסŭָ⣬ݺһš
ɽɪǲͣЪôţƷŭζĻةһˣЩԵ
ԭΪӲŶжռͷԭʲôʱʲôϲ׽
Լǣʼɰɡ
֪һ޼ʵ̲£ƼǱ߲ɻ߸ߵ͵ͳ̶̣ɫĻɫĺɫģһͷ׵ĺǺÿ԰ʲôãΨȱ˵ˮ
֪˶١ǰˮģƵһӻصĲͨͤƽ˺
㡣һʻ͵ǰƼͷЦ
֪ӹţҰƷ۵ζͷЦʱƼ͵ͽһ𶯡
̧֪ۣʵüһʱúܽںڵĽë̫ӰӣиСӡ
ؿšƬɫ緢꣬ĵŮӣģߣڱεߣɿú
Ŀۣطֱ˿ڵۣĵ׵ۡ
ڶʼɡ
ʼɣ򰮶޷ռŭ
ͽ͵Ŀ󣬳ȷԼ֪ʱ򣬰Ѿӡ
ֻСķɳ棬ô󣬺ɫһ㣬͸ĳǶǳ׵ĻϡƼյúָܽԺϣֻһ£סˡ
֪ãָһ룬ˡ
Ƽһɲúܿ죬᲻뿪ָһţֻСɳߣŵͷƣ㡣
š֪Ӧš
紵ô⣬̫ôһжǡôЩ붯Ż㣬СϤ΢ŵЦ
㡣Ƽֻһ
һһŤű¡
СʱһݵСԺǰã֪ÿȥʱ򣬶ͻƾӯһµ˵űߵ̨ϣϸϸ˵Ƭݻ߻˼ĿĵƮš
ƼиЦ⣺㣬㻹ǵҴǰ˵Ȣ㡣
֪Цǵá
˵˵ΣҴ˶ЦƺҲ£ʱﻹųܹǲɵġ
ҳˡƼͷ
֪ᵽݵҰһȥ
ת뿪
ɽ¼ˣШӶӻŪãס½˻һ±һӣûͣ첽š
ǻزͷġǲͷġҪɱĺӣôֵˣԭ
ǲԭԼġѾˣôܰϱˣζԵǸС
ԽԽ죬ʹӸϣҵĽŲɽϣĻ죬ܿɽӣֱȥ
һжزͷһ֪Լ־岻ô񣬲ڱζҪɱĺӡһ֪Լαװú͹ȥһ鰮ȴǰ䵭شΨƫִţҪɱĺӡ
زͷˡݴսϷ䣬ɱĺӣʵһǸܻӭĲǺӣ
󱳽ڽαϡɹ˶ʱţȴģ䳹ǡʢĵѰ
ฮǰ½Σߵúܿ죬շͥǰһɢڽҲڽУһûһۡ
°ڷţһ·ƫԺ
߸նϵҰգù޼ȥ˴󲿷֦ҶϸԼǻžȻء
ͣƬ̣ϵ߿ԾȻȥĺӣԶȲˡ
ô޴Ӳʶ
ô޴ƴһлźӣôܱһϡ
ĿʲôĶţҧҧǵͻ߽Է
ԽԽˣòס˵ĿտζͷϢ־ķζţô
ЩҹҹǺӣſ־ƭʱҲʹİɡˣʱʹ˿̵ǧ򱶡
һжزˡʲôȵĶл£ӦѪϾӺܶǰͲˡ
Ӵбսм˿ڴм䣬ۣзŵĻҳܾ֮ǰڴ¿飬ڱңյҪС˯һڼһΣû˯ŷŷƤߵˣżȻͷ˯գҳڹ裬һжôȡ
زˡԶزˡ
ŷʣµһУбĻҳĨȥҲУĨɾ棬ˣȥĨ档
û뵽滹иϻӡ
л˵
ع򹤣ûӸˡ
ȻӵԤաޡΪȢ֮󡷣İû~


40 
̴ľϻ, ȰƴһȦŻҶ֦¶
, ҹ, ֪Ǵϻó飬ǰ
ж, ΨϻӡҲΪϻװ, йأҪ˰ɡ
ָһϻϵξµĻƣҹĻҼֻںд˼򵥵һ仰ɪг, Ը롣
ûһ, ϲò˵ôдǶԵ, ûʲôһ, ǰ·ԽԽխ, Ҳ޷ϲ
һĦ, ֱָ˱ͷϻţûԿסװϻӲŻ, 棬װʲôĶǷУ
ͷһ𣬶ʱǿҵ޷ƣ첽ȥ鷿ȥ, 䵹, ҵһӡ
ͷ, ӵļѭƣһˡ
ù죬ýճӣҪ˿鷿͵飬ܹѧҵ
һͷɶŤϻӷ϶ӵһǡ
Ϥʯ˿ӣߡ
̫ãɫ¾ɣóǶǰ
ͻȻ򻬣شָϣѪðۡкܳһʱǿհ׵ģʶڣ˼άڣϵһжڡ
󣬼仺ģŶѪʶϻӣġ
ǰ͸İС
ôôڽ֪
ͷһƬңŶȷϣ̫òסžһϻӵڵϡȥֻòסֵ£Ҳʼڵϣקţ
۾󣬳ѪŻѪɫ󣬳¾ɵʯɫôϤűߣմָѪҲǰһģһȻʱۿ
ӡ͸˵ģΪʲô
һ˿־ͷͻȻסˣڴɾĳһֺ񳹵׶ˡ
ôڽ֪
ѪȾ˺˿˦һ£겻ľ󣬷ӵǰ
׹µ£±ߣ۳ʮֿץס֡أƮƮİ˵̫ǳ˲Ҫ˺ÿһһ˺ƵĿ顣
۾ϷҩŲܣҲܹĶֻȽסֹ¿ͷӣϥǶʯ۾˿ڿʼѪֻҧ֡
֧ŲסʱҪǾȲһɣϳûں
ǣôڽ֪ץӣ˳ȥ
ܹľưܵԺ䣬ܹ֪ؼҵĴţ˱ΣݷȣֻǷһƽķȥ
ˤʱˣСѪȾȹաʱ̫·ðģұֻɾŰ˵ۣ˵۾ѪˣȰɡ
ôܲۡ۵ŲһһµֻǲĲô˵ģƽڶ֪ϻˣô
ԽԽ죬ˣѥӶˣĿ⿴ţ˿졣
һ֪ĵһ죬ոյ֪ʧŲˮһɲǺôˣֱ˵ȵˮˣΣѽ
Żͷ䣬ʪ˽Żġ
һ̣ڵͻȻսһ⣬ôůôġ뿴ģܣþˣһϹӣʲô
֪סڸڣȥƽ򸮵ׯԺǽͷ˺ܾãûȵɽϵңʧ׹µ
ķըһ㣬סʺó޷ٴθܵѹ֡
ôڽ֪ӣӦŽˣһ²Ŷԡ
ڵӹģû˵ʱ򣬶ϴɾģϵݹָһûӣͷС˵Űɡ
໰˵ڣֻ̽ţСš֮մϢմģݼù⣬ֻԼеģ˫ַȫ
Ϊʲôڽ֪
Ҫըѣ߿ʼִƬѩмѪӣƽĴţܹȥֱŷס˻ҪҪ
ʱԼɽ͵͵棬Լݣʲôԥһ²˵˶ˡ
֪Ϊʲôԥ²֪ҵ£֪µĲФӣ֪һòһ΢ĴڣôϺŮ
־̵Ұģһġǰֻȥ뱨Ѽ̤˲ڽ£һ̣ޱ֪ҪߵȨҪΪеǿߣ
䣡ǰס⣬ɫ飬һͭ⡣
ǲȥ֪⣬ȥ뵱
ʱң͸װɣҶҰջ˵ҽѰķӣĿڻţôӲ뿪Լ»Ҷ˷ĩֱȥժ鷿
죬Լɽϼ棬ɽϵ˺ܾãûʼ£⼸Ҹ̫ʵĭһɢĴɽϱ£ȥڣׯյһҲûУ˵İϹˣҲҪȿģ
ţţŽյĴţĵ÷෢ϣţ˻ƵòһǰǱ
ʱҲܱеطŻسǵĴǰ׷Ьܵĥ˵ӣŽţϣ񵶸һ㣬ڿӡźռǵ
һ׷ȥǰſˣ૵ؽˣŵС΢΢һЦȥɡ
ǽˡ˻سǺȥƽѲ˺ٳţֻԶԶһΣ֣ˣöԵϣķв岻ãƴֻҪȨУµҽһκ
ţţŴţû˻Ӧоĵģӭļ˲ȥ
˼ѭűܹ˵֦ڣյĿܡ
ǽ˰Ӹģ꣬Ӳóûзκã洿ӣŽ㣬ǽ˸ģ
־ͷţԽԽ
ǰûмΪΪָǴΣŻĴҴһƳأ
ˡ֪˽˵ֺ󣬾;Ӧˣô꣬ʵδôйˡ
ˣҲ⣬ϾصļУֵķʵӽ⡣
⡣
ӡ
ֱˡ
ҲѹסۣһڷϵѪϡ
л˵
ŰŰŰ


41 
ӯ, ֪ȡõ·Ҹ˼·
ҹ˯С·õϸİ, , ֲ˿ôʺСӡƾӯ½ڴŵҶһ, »׶۵ļ, 廨¶һ㣬ϸ˼
ƾӯ·Цҡҡͷþµ·϶ϲֻ, ӦöϢ, ´β׼˰
ҽö, ̫ҽҶ߶, ֪῿۵ġ
ƾӯϸϸ·, ϸ, ü, Ĳ÷Ҳˣɴǰ֪δʱһ굽ͷҲ켸Һɰôտգ
Ϊ˳ԵʡƾӯŽ, Խ, ֪ʵ粹ȱ¶𣿡
ƾӯ˶٣˰ɡ
Щ, żҺͻƼҲ˻Ȼ촫ϢžȱûɣǱߵˣǰʱ˻
ž̾һ죬䲻ʮֱԹҲ˼䶼˳˼ҷ޵Ϲʲô֮ĻƾӯǸֱˬӣ϶ȥˣžﲻʹ죬ӷοá
ǰԽ֪飬ҲǸֱسΪ˽ԹⱨƾӯƲо
ֻǽ֪ոսúЩƾӯǰЩ£˻⣺˵ƸҪھ
壬塣֪ǰƬ̲ݵأǵҰæͷӣ»ûܾã绹ǻݸЩ
ƸǲǲƾӯЦҲãҲģƸӦͲˡ
̧ۿɫ磬æҵûȥˣӦˣµҡ
ûĺӣضһҲ벻ĸס֪ﷺΪĸ飬Ҳ㡣
ΪҪãÿ͵ſڲŰգ֪Żƾӯ߳Ժţ̣ùȻطҩˡ
ҩǸǰɫȴЩ磬֪еɻĿһӣԺŵѾӱȴǰ˲٣һϢٴеġ
ӣȴ¡֪ͣסӣ裬ʲô𣿡
ûû£ЦŽ͵Է磬ҩЩطȥɣ˷硣
⼸һһ죬ʱɢģʱ𴵷ˣ֪룺Ȳżҩӯ㣬˳ȥĸס
æţæţȥɡ
һ£ƾӯ죬һۣЩڣͷ
϶£Ų֪¡֪ûЦˣȥĸס
ٶ˵Ժȥ費ĵظں棬ۿɫȣжһɴݷȣȻʶǰǸ۵Сڶ̶̼ڣѾܵµĺŮˡ
ɳĹ̫ʹ࣬۵úܣæ߼ϡ
·֪ţͨ¶ţƲѹŭ̴ôʲôûϵˣ
֪ͣסӣ룬Ҳ֪˵ǳ
˵Ѫ˿Ųá͵͵ģ̾Ϣһкӣ֪ܸģֺα̫
Ѫļ䲻Ȼ両ͷ쳤㣬߳ãźŻһѪĮʵִҲ⡣
⡣ƾӯס֡
û˵ʲô۾ǵǣ֪³˼ҡҡͷû¡
һǰۣԼϻѹ˵ֻһԹ۵ƽܴݵػյӣƲ˾ٵԭ
ѪƲЦ˲źã
ܵ˼Ųüһأֵ
һҲ
֪߽ȥڵ飺硣
ۣűƲ׽ǰ̧֪ͷҲ
Ʋ״⣬ͻȻЦã
ƽյĴǰ
ԶΧ˺ܶ࿴ֵˣָţ߸ϵΪǱȡ
δѪ۾˫ȴмһ߷϶Ҫǲ
˺ţž޴Ŀ־塣
֮أأˣôأ
ͷڵѹסȥ棬ûסȵѪ˳ָȴʱڴԼĽŲ
е£סţصɫ飬ˢһ´򿪡
һ̧Ӻ棬Ʋһױεס·ȥ֣ͣƬ̣бķڣҵŽƲ׹ȥ
δ֮ǰ֪һȫȻİĳƺˡһ㣬裬ӣҹˣڣڳİԶĽ
ķȺܴ󣬹¸߽ͷ­ʹţȴյо
ܿ죬Ʋ׵Ļش𣺡
µû٣Ʋһ̬δ̬ȡŹƣ֪ģǶĻش𡭡
ЦӽƲ׿зĻش𡣡
͵̧ͷƲ׺εĳһ䵶̬ɣߵЦƶ
ûƭĻش˵⡣
ԴţѪӿѪȫʧеվסҡҪַųס¹ڣٴһ񣺡˵Ҫǰġ
ƲһЦ̬ʵվţĿӹҰܵȾѪ½ǰδеǱֻ̣ſ˾ʹ죺ǰǰ˵ú
źȻǰϣƴ뼷ȥֱסƲ׳ʧź󣬳ǰһ˿϶֣ƽʱǶʲô
ۣų׹ϣû˻شֻʣ½յ飬ͭ
ڵĻᣬ
̧ʱոճȥĽѾߵԶˣϳ˸εѾߣҹѾ߸ڻƾӯߣˣǻƾӯ
׷ȥڽǰ
ţﴫŮӵĵͳ⣺࣬˽ӣÿɳô
ʧ֮ĳԻ񡣡ǰһ񣬡Ʒˣһʡ
ˢ˦¶ƾӯŭ壬˽֮ˣûʲô˵ģ
˽𡣳ӻҵ˼Уž֣ϱĺžģŽˣûб⣺ֻһ¡
ƾӯѹüţң
⣬⡣ߵˣǽ⣬ǰôй죬Ҳôеġ
⣬⡣޴ԸնϤĸоȴϲ
Ѫӿţһһ٣ҴǶʲô
л˵
һѵĹԻ᳡һ~
ҡ÷ȼ
ڼſڼһѪ׷ɱġ˺
˺ϴɾ󣬾Ǹòiꡣ
Գϣ仹ΪԼ˱˵Ʈ㡱糾
һֱƭӽӽĿģңĸԸҩ

ϣκʹЦ̣۾ȴǰֱضŻԵòңֱӿҪŵǳء
Ӧ֮ϧ
޷ֵظлɣӺǲϹ
Ӱ澣
ھˣΪĸ⣬һӲʯͷվ治ȡ
һǻĴ׹ߡ
俴ƮƮԼ˵ӣЦóտ
壬

󣬴ѩƮɡ
гел֧صѪ룬淴ֶ׼Լؿڣ䣬Ϊ㱨ˣ㡣
һ㳵ӭĻ¶ٴߡЦȻ
ƮƮȥһۣġ
䣿
лɲڵִκձȥİޣȻٶȳԼǰкȻһѡ
ϴˡ
СЦţеӺ̽ͷ
ӵıңκ
Ķָϣ
1.˫c1V1
2.Ůʼ
3.Ѫܣ׷޻᳡ڸŰ


42 
ڵȴ𰸡ŵ˼, ֲʼӵ£۳ȭ
Ǵ, ڵȴ½ʱ, ֽ֪ȭʱ, Ŷɣ
Ļںѹһ, ģ߿ƾӯüʲô
ңߣѪҡ
ƾӯŵŨصѪ, ɢҵ޷ȾѪ½, յ», ƾӯ, ˵˴𰸣ζĸôġ
ζˡ
⡣⡣˰꣬˰, ⡣
Ѫӿ, ֱѹȥҧء
ƾӯڵĻӦ, ȴٳûлӦ˵ƽֱļȥҧ߬ȭйѪᡣ
ƾӯ׷ʲô
һվšе, ھͶ޼, ֹ, ѡ
⣬⡣ôôģ⡣
Χ۵ԽԽ࣬ƾӯʾηҪƿǰӰһĬţתȥ
ݵӰӣһһƽȥͣڽյǰ
߳ȥԶƾӯ̲סͷĴµӰζһ̵Ѫ
ҹʱ˷磬֧Ĵûü£ž
̨ûеΧһ£汻紵𣬽֪ⰥѽһҪѾʱƲ׵
꣬ðӣƲ̨Żһã𣬺ǽϱڵƵĹճ
ü߱¡˫ӥǰһվ˼ִĮ̵ĿҰ֪⿴ͷմżˮ·꣬æַ˷أôܹˣ
Ʋ׵ͷִӵ͵λ̧ۿʲô
ʵЩģȻϼȻˣһǰôϲѱٴ
֪˼£ͷСˮ鶼ָմˮƲùϸϸˡ
֪⿴ӣɫ˿滨ȴƽõģЩȣҵ𣿡
ġƲײˣӵݸСͷ͵͵ߣҸҪˡ
֪һ죬ƺǳ۽ʱֵݸƼֵģһĽܣСʱЩƽ£һʱˣǣѾǳŮ
ƼǾҳˣƺҲǱ⡣
ԺЩЩƲһ̣ۣСʱǸԵ۵СҪٸã߰СͷԽģŲأԺȥ¾ͽҡ
ã֪ˡ֪һһӦ£ӽޣȥϴϴɡ
Ʋˣ͸Ц⣬Ѿ߹غŴͷͷأô꣬ӦѾ˰ɣƲ׻ʱľٶһ֪ʲô裬ͻȻôŹֵ顣
Ʋϵ㣬ڽ֪ǰ£ϰ˱̣ûʱ֪˰ɡ˱ϣҹŪڵϹģ۾
֪ڿ޵ǰµĿǰ̫æУϵڲйˣЦ˵µģֲࡣ
ڣҪŪЩƲ԰˱̶Զ㣬ԺŪˣӲ㣬Ъžͺá
֪ЦûӯҲиӣʱ˵֪Ϊʲô
Ʋ֪ΪʲôΪž򲹵£ƾӯӦûٻǮžвٺ»࣬żҵķ֮⣬ֻܳԻƾӯļױƾӯӣԼҲǽͷ̫Եʡžһֱڻź򲹣ӻ˲٣Ҳû뵽ȥˡ
ʵҲý֪ң£Ӧ˵һ¡ûܵĶڹ˽𣡡
֪һ»ƾӯر̬ܵȡٳϵ£żʱȻﲻ࣬боγû뵽Ȼ˴ѹžѵΪƾӯһֱάԵʣ
ѹˣңӯ㡣
Ʋ׿ƤСʱƤǺģƲ־ʹ죬־ۣæοģž뷨ӣضðӯԿ
δ䣬ӳɴһըףƲۼֿ죬ס֪Ķ䣬ë˲һлл硣
ôöһͣ˲СƲ׶˶٣ɿ֣Ӧûſڡ
ȥɡ֪
裬վС
úܼúܣϴۣȻ˿̣Ҳʺİĺʹʱѹȥ
ةѶɴһﳤҲˣɡǰͣ˵¡
ŵķסһЩˮǰ߼Լȫ¶С
ү˲꣡úܣɳɤӺ
ôҲã۵ϹӣҪ۾ʲôá
ͷĻ£ڵģþˣҲܴзֱµĵطһһ飬޾
ǰʱܻɡʵɡΣҲҪɡҪͣΪʲôû˵أˣΪû˸͹ɡָо
ǣα޴ĺãȴԼģϻӦһ顣αα͸ˡ
ƾžţϴﵽⶼѾʪ͸ʧֽݵ÷壬ֵ͸о
޴Ϥĸоһֱûϳǣ⡣
үٴγƴɡȥڣͷ¡
磬˺һӣľ֪ƺǺģǰ׵ʱܻСѰŰο
ӲοһűӵӵûСֻǱ۾ţһҲ˵ţš
αִ޴ˡ
ΪʲôʱⲻܵΪʲôĴ²ջءΪʲôµ˺ܵصδʱΪʲôڣ
үɣȰȰҲȰ
ӵһжôңԶֻгǵĻںޣ޿κҲ޿صĻںޣôộסʺ
ڵĻᶼûУϼôҲʹһ䣬ģˡ
ڣ
۾ˮݺȥҲᣬҲûУǰΪȥɱ˵£ڲ֪˻ϣˣڵĻᶼûУԭɱ֮¡
꽥Сˣͣˣ﷭ӿųʪˮݳҷɣ֪վ˶ãõʪ͸·ɣûҰףµһˡ
ү糯Сѡ
òӦţʱͻȻˡ
񽩿ݵÿСŲ߳һͣסͷŽյ顣
л˵
Ӹһ~


43 
ھĵ, û߶ûеƻһжڳ˯С
ߵɫ, ƲڴԼǰ, ʱ򣬽֪Ѿˡ
ȥϴ, ﻻ·, ȻȥԸ緹ˮʵҲˣÿС뿪ʱ̾Ͳ, , ֻǱ۾, žѹ͵, æµš
֪ţĸ, α
̧, һԲ˽ȥ
ڿյĴ, ʼŵ˵ζԼǵ˼ǰÿ϶Ϊ׼ʳ̿ɿ, غ, ܶĿζ, չһС
ҲǴһʼͶչˡ
ճʱ͸ĿζҲ˵ֻһĲͷʲô˼ڣͻᰵסһζ౸Щ
ʱдڱϣǸӣɫֽ㶤ʱµĻӣ·ЬõϵĻӣ׼ġ
򿪿ĵĵ˼ڡ
۾ڽαϣӿıûˣٲڣ˰
СѾȥ̫ҽˣүҪ´һ¡ͷ
ۣؿڰ˿ڣûʲôѪɫԼǱ͸ˣʵúۣ֣Ѫѣʵʵڵʹϵģεˣ
ܶܵģε˰ɡ
ǵóײãյ֪ʱʹǸϼֱˣԼȥģ̵ָˣԷʱСƤ̺߰߰һƬƤ֪õİοһֶû˵
ɳܣĺãȴӲ˵һл
ٺ̵˵ҲٸˡԽԽԽԽ鷱ӵļѸͷӵ׾һ߹ǰڼңضǲҪЩģΪ
ǣӲһӦֻǶ࿴һۣ˵һ仰
۾õԭ¡Լôáʵǿɳܣɺޡ
Ȼܾôˣܹ˺ҲҪԺ󣬲ȥ
̧𣬳ѵʪ·Ь࣬ϸɾ滻·ǰɫɴеŵѬ㣬⻹֮ǰ׼õġ
ۣĦϸ·ò÷һˡ
ٸ׼ˣЩֲüΪ·Ьܸ࣬ˣˡ
ȸϵæҩ˵䰮ϧú˵ĻɫҲû˵ĬʱԸҶȫܳʲôʧ
Ӧһ£𽪼ҶǴǰˣȵشӦţǰ˵һôָأ
ҩ֮С˷ŴϹٷؿ˲㣬ŽɴСĸϣùա
žеԼֽѪ죬Ѿ壬ֻʣһʬĿӡͷⶥɴñ
ǰģͷյ°ͣҪżܹͷʱǳĺϣļ⵴һ˵ֺ
ǰʲôоҲϸ룬֪ΪӵĽദҹҹӵġҳϡİ⡣
Ϊ˶Կⲻе㺣ӱ䵭һδġ
̫࣬þҲ޷ֲ֮һ
ҴҸ˼٣кηԸ
Ǳߣһֱ
ò׼ͻȻµĿģԥһ²ŵǡ
ΣĺŬ֣˵ڡ
ĬĬģ޼ĶָǶԾɵֲסİĻںޡ
ӣô䰮ƴҲҪסĺӣǱһȥĻӣ䣬Ҳĺӡ
ûȵش𣬳˷ûʲô飬ֻǵͷܿµĹǣɴ̥˼Բʵ档
µЩ£ȷΰǲǴʲôɸ˵˼˾ӣǸԼ˵ıСˡ
˶٣ֻƽ
ԭ˵ĸƽģ˵˵⼸лҲϢڳҩ̥ĺӣΣУô˵ĸƽʲôҪ̱ң㿴ʱʲôò׼ģҲңҪĸȥ롣
ţ²ͼ˵ͷ
̧ߣʶžɣ
ΪͻȻӦʱƸɬʱȥ˳ֵ֯¥
ٽУں棬˼⣬ΪʲôͻȻž֯¥ʲôط
ڹǵڶ½Σ糯巵ȥ
ʮʱ߲ݣˮδƣѵģʱѣյĻ𣬼ų⡣
ʯţֱͦüĿһź޶ӣ
棬̧ۣһߣ泯ݺݵһڡ
֪ϾֽӶȽλССĽӣϾֽİŮ˴֮λֳΪңϾֻİӵһУδӲһĺӣɶ;ķӡ
ֻѾߵλãҪɫȻڹ̵٣Ϊʧǣȥ
ǰˣֱӵظţûз֣һȡ
棬ͷſĴǰšѾܾòˣֻʣһүĿͷΣԭĲȫ۵ݣƽʱǲҪϳģΪʲôͻȻˡ
ࡣӺ̧ͷģһǲôɫЩ
δ˵
Ǿͺãܿ˵£Ʋ£ô
ǰǲϣƲģ߷ȣѵõĽҪõĵطȥڡƽͷһ֮˽ģҪչ˵ģҲ׽ΨнƲȷƽ
߽У죬糯ʼʷͷһվбࡣ
ž֮УΨʣΪٹ֮ף糯֮ʱ¹ڲңʧ֮𷣣Чȣ
֮ϣл䡿ųʪͷͻҰܵɫŲ˵ĵĽŲ귣һ·Ŵ˽б࣡ӳݣԸ治Тܻףϳͣ
ĳһԵֱվţûһ˿ͼһнƲ״߳
£մ΢ǰãӳ͢棬ϳͣ
һƬȻתƲס
л˵


44 
ԽԽ, ĬĬ˼⡣
볯ΪܵĵͲϹ¸Į, , ִӲᵳ˵Ǹͷ۵Ĵ, ³Ĵ, Ȼܼĵض˰вݣȻǼϳ棬ͻȻ֡
ڼ׮󣬳еİӿ, ǽƲڲ, ˣ
Ʋ׻˵ƽ, ͢׷, ȴȻѹڳǰֽк, ڳ, ǽ͢ںεأ𷣣Чȣ
ڳһŶšҺ, ׼ұҵǰǾ˵ֻͽƲ׶Ǻģͬʱֶѹס˾ԣֻҰԲ²⣬, 糯, Żʵ۵, Լˣ˱ܵؾӦ֮йأһļصġ
лΪѡյ糿Ÿ˵ô£Ʋ׵÷ѣһĸسһǵ߽ʱ飬л䡾ϡࣺ±ʲôᣬȲţʱضһ
ͻȻѹ֪
˽һͣסȵĿУ߳УƲһ񣺡֮£֮ڴ򽪺ү򽫾򡭡
û˵֣ǽ֪⡣Ʋ˵ô࣬ȴһҲ֪ǣۣôҲᡣ
ֻĵ˿ΣŶлᣬ׿ڽ˵
Ʋһܿ񣺡ӳ͢׷ľүΪ󲻾֮ΪƮƮһ仰ܶȥ
ûб⣬Ƿŵ͵̬Ҷɽ飬Ըһٹ֪
߰ͷ­͵ͣһۣͦ޷İĺڡ
飬ôϤĸоȴϲҲǿԸʹôΣһζһ䣬֪⣬ȴԸԼжϣͷ֮
ˣԲˡ
ں޽ʵó֪޿ˡֻԸþֲ
Ʋ֪˵ĲǺǽ֪⣬ΪͻȻת̬Ʋ벻ͨҲֻ֪أ´ٸҼɧţĵɲϵʲô࣡
Ʋף԰ꡣл䡿˿ڡ
̬ת֮ҲܾȣȻ֮ǻϲۼﻰⶼһ֪⣬ȻδˣҪͷл䡾ǸµϣȻֻ֪ǿͷɣȥ̱ºȥƽǸ
ȥƽܼ𣿳ɤ﷢ŲڽƲǰͷڵּл
ƲҪأлѾܵþ²̨ۼƵĻϲƲһ˼Բߡ
£˵öԣӳ͢Ĵ󲻾֮ҲҪ߽һ治ТһŰڵʱݲʰŹ򳼣£Тﲢɸõնף
һĬȻ֪ҸʧͣȻڳ֮׵ĿڿҪն׶ӣҲǴӲ˵ţһʱȥ͸ϲɫȫһ㡣
Ʋšü˻ضС޲óأȻ棿䵽Ϊĵز
л䡳ӲЩĹ⾰Ȼ鴫ʢǹΪӣҲ˵Ļлû棬ֻʵڵ⣬ʲô£
عӹȻڹ̵٣ʧ֮ܳ£һȡֻ軽ֵʿһʱ֪
ڿӣƺסл˼ŻõֵĽὫһˡ
ͨһˣ£ǧҲǳĸףӵεӹǽôöӷ˵ӽ»ʲôТԣһͷײ
ҪײԱߵְ˽ס֮Уֻ˵ڼΪӣ֮ϣ࣬ţةദţ˳
Բӣǰʧǵĵʷï磬ΪТ֮ףǳ֮ϣүĶӣжӷӵĵ
ʷһƳǰӼ۵ô
һ仰ˣٰ֮࣬ѹ󱲷ָߵˣҲڳΪ٣˳Ұ۷׷ףΪ˹Ӽص˱⣬۵Ŀǳ֮ϣĸ׸ةӵģӵҪס
ƲһʱȻԶݣȴҲ֪ǳ۵ҹֳһ֮ϣة͢ǣΪ֣֮ӡ
ԳĻǳ۵ﻮƶΪģǷŽôһ졣Ʋ俴ţøթ
ïƿԣʷվǰ۵λѶ֮ϾΪȣβǸӣ಻д
л䡵ͷҪ˴棬ŽǵǲТ֮Ҫ˽²ޣᡱң
ƿǰЩ뽪Ů룬ŽŮ£Ĺ£бԵʡĹ⣬ŽᷢԭףΪ࣡Ĺ⣬࣬ŮӶԼסֳȳ£಻Ϊ
ƨƲ״ŭϳ嵶ͷнˢһ³һҰƨϹ
ɳһֺֿݣʱƲһϣҽһˤڵأܹҪ˳Ŷͷ䣬һѪӡ
Ʋδڶų㺦
磬ֱֱĿڴûж㣬Ƿģܶ㣬ɱҲš
Ʋס֣лһ֮¸е
Ʋһһܹ࣬ڼͷ̵ѪۣͷһۣҵĴ
һɲǷôۣô䰮ĺôΣգݲӭŽǰһý̵øЩѪӿУƲˢһ˽Ҳҵ֣
ѸȾѪ̧֮£𣬶һϡ
Ѫ˫Ŀһˣа˲꣬䣬аҹ⣬ңףɥĲһ˳еֻҪһһգκ˵֣
һƬžȴʱͻȻǰб࣡
佫ƲǰֳУүΪǰʧǣϼӳʹ
⣬ƲδگԷؾǣھжգǻ飬ʹݱ߷飬ְ֮ﲻϼӳʹһЧ£ͻңΪʷϳͽƲף׷ƽݰ֮
ɫһ䡣
л˵
ӸһΣôô~


45 
ȹ, ֪վµţ
һֱûлҹ˵, ɢһ緹, ѾʱȻӰ
ЩΪչ, Ʋһֱϳ, ͷһȥԭһͣɽƲ˵ϳʱ̫磬ζ糿׻͵͵, ŴƼƲ״ų, һͲˡ
֪⼸, е㲻Ʋ״Ӳʳ, ûضǱʲôס, , ǻ£
˼Ժŵķ, Ȼ԰ɣӵˣá
֪ҲֻûȥҼ𼸿ڲ˳ţʵ⼸ô
֪æ¿ӣö, ̫ҽ˵ֻҪ¸³û, Ӧþûˡ
ͷ, ֻвˣβŵô׼ô죿
̧֪ۣͣסӣ粻һֱھУӳҲûȥˡ⣬һֱ˵ֻǵһѹأҲùѹأ⺢ѹزŸտʼ
ٽСͻȻ֣֪⼸֮䣬׽ϲ֮⣬ҲԾˣҲ£Ӧ
Ŀ⸴ӣûУ·ƽ˾ΪڵԵʣˣҪӦͷԣֱӵ⣬ҪӦǰţ
ϣ֪Щɻ󣺡ôˣ
ǰû֪ǰŴֹҪӡ̾һѽûô򵥣ĺǳѪºдûϵ⺢ҲҪ쾭壬ʱô죿
֪ҧŴһѹֵķĺӣ龫ǣƴȫĺӣƾʲôƾʲôҪҪȥ
ʱǸģ϶Ǻˣҧ촽˵Ϊԥˣæʵڣܸġ

̧֪ۣ˿ĸŮ֮ܵľ룺Ĳ£޹ء
Ƭ̣ԣµúú롣
ôģΪΪǸǣԣôΣƫҪһء
֪ƽ񵭵ɫú
ӾʱˣӣԼġ
ϰֽдţˣĸûаϵ
ðʧȥӵķպΪģǵõŵ
ǷڣǾ͹ϼ
ǧߵһûκ˿ĺӣ
֣ĸ˼Ҷ˾ҡͷ̫ˣӮ˹˾㵲סڿڣסǰ֣ţȥݣҪô죿
ȥ
ţϽ֪ƽƽţ˭ģ
˵úã⴫ƲʵЦƽĹ
ž˦߽ȺĴһҪӲźã£ҪΣҸţ
üת֪Цݸ̣ӭˡ
Ʋһ£ϹӰĸף˵öԣڲڼңƽѵ裿ôģȥ
̾һô򵥡
ĭӾˣӡһۣƽƽһӣôѡ
ǲ򵥣Ҫ԰ɣ֪ߵһ밴ȥ
̧ۣüۣ°ͣէһϸнӰӣʱ¶ľǿǽ˵ɡ
ͻȻ˽ˣһ굽ͷԲڴԵҩȳԵķ࣬ҲôЦţ֮£ľǿһ᣺ѽĵġ
ĸײصģƲЦ£Ժˣһҡ
£֪ʵͬø
ƲЦ£ǡ
Щл䡵̬Ⱥף巵ͷһ֣£ǲûȥˡ
ƲӱϿ˿ֽ̯ţһƣϹϳʱƨҴһЩʷ׷̣ʧǣֳԻؾ£ְͣ飬ĹһҪ£ڴ֮ǰõĻݵ¡
ʲô֪һĸʷ
Ʋ΢΢۾ǹһ㣺ܶ࣬ͷᡣ
ԻؾлһֱڰڣǰǵӶвף⼸ȥû£ֻҪأͱ
Խһǰʧǿͦñӣ˵ֻҪǶ̣ƽӽھоֻüβˡΪóͷӺҰ¶Ѫ׸һֱֿ֧ݵ̬ȣǰһ׮Źİӣֻ̣ߵĶӲ׷ǧɱ֣Ҳֻ˼
˵ףһϣ㵣ʧ֮Ҳܶƽý֪
ᡣ֪֣ųȣ˵ķɶǳָʹģ
ȻôɣһԳΪģʷͷƲס
ƲʵҲôĵģ֮ǰոձʾ˶Գ֧֡Ҳɣ£ҵĲǣϡ
Ӿ֮ˣ˵Ǽм£ʱԼҲܹˣΪ˧֪Լ˴λؾΪãϡ
Ʋ׻һתᣬ˸ףҪ׷װ֮
ǧĴûдؾʱԭǸ˵ͻȥģȻҲߣǸԤϡ
ʲôˣ˵ô׵Ȼ㸸ף
Ʋ׶˶٣һ뷨ӽ
µȥͷһμлʱѾ˵Ҳȫл֪뽪޹أӣӦ۽졣
ɢʱ̫Ѿ˻лټʱƾĳ룬ΣҪѽ쿪ѳ
㻹ǸϽȥɣôܷģ㸸һΪΪǵôôȥ
Ʋ׶˶٣Ҫ˵ʱ֪硣
Ʋ׵ۣ֪⿴ɫ֣أȥɣչ˺Լ
ˣСүſڻ
ˡ̧֪ü
л˵
Ӹ~


46 
յĴһ, ǰĴ̽ͷذɣСү
, ˶٣ϸСү, ˵ҷּţǸ
ּҧú, Ĵ, Ȼ֪صģɫ֨ѽһֺϣŲȥˡ
ֱͦǰͬϳʥ

֮ʱһ·ϱ, ֪𰸶ǲ, Ȼֱһ˿΢ϣ, Ҳϼأ
, ֿˣ¹񣺡
, ѥڸ߸ߵżϰһ, ɫסΣ첽ȥ
ܾ֮ǰ, Ҳôκ̤š
ٴεţͬκľȫͬˡ
һƽ·ҵ˼
źձ, סȥ·, ǰŽ֪ʱ, Ľӻͣס½κܻСߵЩڽǰ
֪ϣңĸĸǰֵܱЩһԶķޡ
׮±Ļסˡһͷ̾˵ʱأ½Σүûַһѡ
ĵ͵һۣסӣһ
ʲôģСʱϵļ̤䣬ٺϺ룬ģഺǰഺû˹ͷƵĹϣЦĴߥ
ƫĵ֪һޣͻഺ߽壬ķЦνĶޡ
ձ֮󣬳ȥţû棬ұ
ұƫ˼Ѱ͵ĵطһԲ߹ȥǰǴԱߴһ·ԺԼ˵ĴʱҲ࣬˶ү
ƫУţƲԣһˣˡ
ܣпյģ֪ⲻڣǲϼ
ģڵĻᶼ
ѹ·ӿѪ񣺡ҵƽôÿ˵Ǹӱּ
ԥһ£˵ֱƲסòţ
ǶﲻĻԼȥͷ̬ŵֻͣ뵱Ǹ
ƲԾӲһ仰
ķ̫ѹ˿ڣĿڴ۵ͻȻ֪ȥѰǴΡ
ͷһȥѰģʱûͣʣ˼ֻͣһϢߣֻǼ¡
ͣʱѾһʱ֮󣬺˵ͷţ룬صأ˵Ȳ롣
˵Ļںסʺǻˣӻģ˿֪ϧ
Ѫҧǰ֣Ҵֻ뵱ڡ
˻𣿡Ʋײͷ㣬
Ʋסüֹ
ڡڡڡ޿Ž⣬޷ѵģڡɴ۾·𿴼ڹ֪ôôˣһʱ˵˵ȣ˵²Ϊ
ʱ䣬Լʱոյ֪ԼУ֪Ӳ̫ãŰõһ㰮һ֧֣ȴͷһͰ
ϼǶԵģõԭ¡۾ڣôΪ˵õԭ£ĺ
ʲôҪ˵ʡ
񣬼÷ɤƽһЩҡ
ֳڣȴ֪˵ʲô
棬˵ʲôڴǰĲã֪ȴ䵭Զɱô䰮ĺӣϴİС޼ɵģһδ˺
⣬͸ô
ãȻؿŵשķ϶ɬζͷţǻˣ޻˵þҲ겻µĴ
ԸܵһУ
Ƭ̾ĬƲ˵ֱֹס裺ȥʹ
Ҵ뿪һлˡ
ɫÿлʲôã֪գαص
ǰ֪գαصôȫĥˡ
ŵϴĥĴƬשһ鰤һ飬ͷฮԭ̵ҲשţԷ鷿涼ľ壬˵̫䣬ǰҹשӲִ治סůľá
ѡϵ뽳ˣٵ꣬ȫһŪЩȫǲҪæµô˵ˣǻˡ
ϸĽŲ⴫壬ˣ
ſӰһΣǳ裺˵
ļʱɿͷţ֪롣
ϼҪĺڡѾ¶˾ģʵа۲صľģЩõڣı䲻ľ
ô죿
𣿡Ʋֿ˿ڣɡ
ȴʱŵ˼ϸģϤζǽ֪ζ
͵̧ͷǿյãſʹӣӰӻɴϣڡ
ҲǴҲֻǣȥһˣմζ
ͷ޴ľϲʧţƣ˼㣺Ǹ
˫ϥ£ҳ׵ȫֲ֮ܵΪޣҼĸ֣֮£ȫң飬
ǰ첻ĳӵȫȫİˣһУֻˡ
飬
߰ͷ­שϣҼңҶԷ˶ðˡҲ֮
ʱܹһܹԸУٿһۡ
ȵ˼㡣֪һ¸ߣ˳ݹ֮ٲκεͷں֮ݣڣ׷ʲôȻǺ£˵֪˾ͺá
ĸףƲ׳ѣô˵ҿЩ£
챻£ǳָʹǸҲ˵ͬĹ¸ͬĲ˽ύһ
ɣɵѾˣ߰ɡ
ŽƲһݣҴãּγײڴ򽫾
Ʋ״ǰֵʮֿЦƲǶԵģô䰮ñ˴ĥܸɫǷƲһǸ
Ʋ˿Ϊ˾͹
ǵζڣǳմϵģմϵĲôԶôĵзصκͻϲҲĳطĵطأ
ֱģ߿ã磬ĿÿһɴлζӰͥԺзϸϸĴţϤڵģĵط
ɤסˣ壬ǰſˣһ
⣬ҴˣҲ֪ǰ㡣
л˵
Ӹһ~


47 
֪վڹսǴĻӰ, ȵķ紵Ƭ꣬ңң, 
, ҴˣҲ֪ǰ, 㡣
Ʈҡ, ȹϣָ׽סһƬ֪ţԹ۵ƽ
⡣Ӳôй
кܳһʱô, ԭ, ˡ
ȵķ紵, ڶ仰, Ҵˣ֪ȫˡ
ָƬ, ֪ȥ, ӲϹҲӲκϹ, ¸вϳ
ȻϴˣǼŹֵ顣
ֻ벻ʲôϵء, ֻȷǲ˵׵, Ȼ, ҲûҪˡ
֪Ƭ꣬ת뿪
ٿʧɲǣȻʲô׷˳ȥ⣡
ŲңʯϷնĻ죬Ǹ˻Ʋֻ̣ȫûɵĴţ⣡
֪ûͣųȣǰȥ
⣬׷⣬ϤıӰˣҪ뿪ߣ
ŵ˼㣬ż˽ţסȲסֻǷƵ׷ȥͣͷһ£ӯıӰһģԶȥˡ
⣬㣬ߣ׷ȥֱƲסţҴˣҲ֪ǰ㣡
֪Ųһ٣ڼ̵һ˲͸֧εĹ
ԭǲŸ֪ԭ֮ǰͬ˲ĥļ䡣
⣬ڽ˻ţĵ׻̼ţһóףֻõķˣƴ׷뿪İˣܻͷһۣ⣬ŪˣҶԲ㣬ߣ㣬㣡
Ūˡ֪һָմŵĻꡣ
أûŪǰǰ⣬ͻñ䵭Զǻı̤
Ьʯ棬Ϣǰȥ
ôҲɣڣںˡ
סԽԽԶӰˣţ˻Ƶĺ﷢뵽ȥ˵˵ȣ˵Ųʱǲʱһ
ˣƲһקҹ
ۣҵ߶ſյĻȣãǸ
Щںޣǿҵȫޱߵţһж뿪ʧˣֻʣʬԼ
תϰԵֱͦżȥ
վסƲֺס޺ɣǰʲô
ڿ˵ǰƲ׾ò죬Ӳ֪£һֱųĲ
˵ܣֻ֪ܣһ컹ڣһ֤ĳϵκˡ
ǰֱƲס˵ǰʲô
Ա߹ˡ޿ɷ档
ǵܣ˵ܣκˣˣҲҪҲΨһӵеģйصˡ
űʯ·ǰȥſڴͣյͥûˣעֻԶԶһıӰһˡ
ż߸ߣǰ߹ǰʱĴһƾùˣȴ˿ŽţѭǱӦˬ
ڣƲתԺȥ
ǰ׷ʲô
Ʋףסմƫվ£̧̫ŵĻʲô˼
Ʋ׳Ĭãȥ⡣
֪£Ӳ֪һֲֻ֣̤̿ʵĸо𽮳ϵδʱǧδ֪ıꡣ
Ӳʲô£һֱôԣʲôɰǰʲôڿ˵ŰǰȻһֶ֪
ǰǰļкһƲ̽ʵĸף᲻ǰǰⱻȥׯǴΡ
ᣡ
Ʋ̧üᣬ϶ᡣ
Ʋ׿ΣתĿ⣺ȥ⡣
ʲʵģʲôҪ񣬡Ѿ֪ˣҴûô˵ͷֹ¸ӵⲽףҿĻڸĵġ
ĻڸģΣƲ˵ĻڸģǰһоܵĿ𣿡
˶٣ҧŴǰţʲô壿⻹źӣûûи׵ĺô˵ô˵ǣ
ԺߣָȰȰҲָ㣬ȥ˵
Ʋ׽ָףҪҲգĸףȻԸͷֺαرĸҾ͹ˣһչ˺úӣչ˺⡣
ǻҪ˵㣬ͣסӣüͷǰʹףҲϣһֱϵڣЩȢܸɵϱҺôҲи֣ǧͷҲиڼң¶ȥżҹͺܺãǰ̽ĸ׵Ŀڷ磬һԸס
ĸףƲ״Ҳס
Ҳס
˵ʲôЩ̧꣬ͷʱĿ⣬͵һ㣬㡭
Ʋת
յ˵ͱ䣬ʱ˴磬ѾǸհѸغãӱҵݶž졣
֪ҳɴӺͷӵķ϶һ˿˿©ˮķ硣
ƫҲôñԺ࣬꣬Ӻڡ
̣һʱʶˣˮһƲſڷɡӽˡ
̣£Ūˣ۾ֲġ
֪Цţק̣һˣʾͲŪˡ
Ʋ׵ۣϸϸָץ̵ı߿ḷ́һӣĵԽСɴµϸԻƲ׶˶٣ɿ֣⼸úЩ𣿡
öˣУ֪ܿˣ磬ҪôӯĿҸϣǸϻﾭӪô
УġƲ룬Ǯ𣿲ĻҸ㡣
֪Цô࣬ÿׯӻ棬Ҹղ㣬Сһء
Ʋ׿ƽ̹ĶӣȺǮĵطء
̸ͷе⡣
̧֪ͷɵüͷǱʲôѹţЩչ˵Ļʲô˼ǰʲô£
ĿƵؿסܵĽëסеĬţ촽һ㣬ԥ
µøˣӷƮˮѾæţȴʱһ˸ըס
Ʋײ˼̽ס֪Ķ䣬һů̧ۣǰׯȹҡ
ģ־ƬƲɿ֣ͻȻʶԤϵģӵöࡣ
֪⿴ɬþû˵֪ģµĹǣ˿磬ġ
ͻȻҵĽŲڽţ֪һ
л˵
Ӹ~


48 
Ŵһ, űһ±㴳˽֪ⱻƲ׵ͷ´ɤСү, ع, ɽϳˮѻ԰Χǽ, ̫û޲, ոѾ˷ˣҪСү͹ﶼСЩǧҪ߶ڷš
֪ӽƲ°ڵķ϶ȥ²ͷµ, ڵðˮ, ͥԺ˴ˮ, С, ʪµӦǸմӻ԰
ƲЩ⡣Ӧˮ̫ʯ, ˸Էͺ֮Χǽ, ܴɽڻʼԷһάϸ, ˮûйôʱ⵵£
СĿţƺɽͤջʯͷɶˣסˮ, ½͵, ԺƸ, ˮӦСѾȥװɳˮˮǱ
Ʋ׺ܿжϣѹڵǰˮӵĵط
Ȼƽˣˮİͨܰˮųȥ
⼸ˣ֪ǰľ£ʲôˮӣ
ڲ¶ߣ΢һǿ󣬽֪˵
Ʋ׻ͷվסͷӣƲ׶˶٣ԣǶǿȥҡ
Źϣ걻ͷƲ߻£ˮӦҾ㡣
֪Ⲣ£ɬţ˵磬밢ˡ
ƲҲ˽ˣϳģ̧ͷģζضѾѿຣϲٲܿˡ
һʱĵģֻݶ졣
Ʋ׵˼˳Žˣ뵽Ǹ°Сǰ£˵ȹ
Ʋ׼ǵʱŽڸһսսº˼£ֻǽãؾ֪֪ⱻȥׯ
ûüתһ·ȥׯӻ˽֪⣬һֱ˵Ǳ߹úܺã֪Ƕ̶̼˳Ϣط
Ʋҡҡ棬ҲǶ̶̵ļ죬ϲ˳ȻôôԺִҪ
Ʋ׺ԼûܹһֱԵţ̲סʳ˿ڣˣ㡭
ʬɽѪжҡĺʱЩţƲûпֻǶӰӡôϲųĺӣ񣬺ˡôѡ
Ļش𣺡
ģһѰ˵һƲ׻ͷ֪˱󲻺£Ҳɡ
о޴ľϲӿƲĵĺ⣬ҡ
ֱߵ죬ˣСүȥţǱߵƸߣˮ
һֱͨ¶ǰµ̫ˮӱ紵ƮƲ׳ɡڱϣʱʱѣˮ𻬵ˡ
֪ÿ̧ͷܿߵЦƺܺãеɻ
ǰ߹ʱһֱչüͷšøǰ߼֪⣺˯ɣҲиӦ
ĸףƲһ̨ףɾɡϵˮ飬ڱϣѾںڹˮˣ¡
û˵Ž֪£Ʋϵˮ飬˽
ѾһյƣõģʱѾˮһʣĺƲ׼̺Ҫ֪ϣùԼˣҲ˵ģҿźǳϿңѾ֪ˡ
ĸףƲ̲ס˵ˣΣɡ
˵˭죿ɫһʲôʱûˣ
Ʋ׵ͷûٳ֪Щȣӡĸ״Ӳɫغǳ磬æȰҷŵȷô˵ġ
ĬţΣͻȻʰʰͻȥ㸸һǱߣҲġ
⻰ȴǶԽƲ˵ģ֪ʶؿȥƲ׵ͷӰ飺ҪӺЩɡ
Ѿˣ֪æȥɣ߲û㡣
Ʋû˵һ񣺡ȥˣͰӵһӰ˰ɡ
Ʋ̧ͷ
ӽ֪ĽǶȿȥɣɫǰδеأҲӣλԼһһǹȥ
ֱЩ˵Ļ㶼𣿡
۽Ƿ죬Ʋ˫ϥ򵹣Ʋײңĸˡ
ۿԣæ˳ȥ񣺡ɡ
ĸףƲû𣬹̧ͷӣҲ
㣡
֪æվűȰŽƲף磬ģﶥ졣
ģ쵽죬оλ˼Ҷ綨ѡֻиһ֮λȷɵģô길һֱ⣬磬־ܾӣΪʲô
Ʋ̧ۿ򴽣⣬㲻ס
ĹԽԽǿң֪ʵ磬ô£
Ҳ
Ʋףֹס˰üģͷһӵ£ͷ㸸飬ϻݡ
ƲֵͷΣٹӣ³ȶʱߡ
û˵ﾲĵģ֪ţǰȥƲף磬ɡ
һסƲ˵ɡ
Ʋվ˵ϥϵĸ֪ⱻţֻԽԽ󣺡ô£
û£ܿ˵Ӳ㣬ôˣԼͺá
ԽԽ󣬴Ƭž죬˼Ʋ˵ȥ԰￴ڵôˣ˾ͻȥɣٹý˯
ΣƲ׵ǡ
۽֪⣬ܿʧĻС
֪֣ԽԽòԣʲô£
ûʲôְ˰üģ⼸˯ɣҲȰŵЩȥźá
ҹ˯䣬֪˯䣬ҹżȻӵ͸Ĺ⣬û˯
ǵڶһͣģʱӭһ벻Ŀˣлɡ
ΪǵãлɲТֻһɫ˵̬ʮͣżȻ鿴ȣ֪ɽ϶ˮ˽ߵΧǽʵ֮˺
һͷµķȣæǫѷүˣָҵ
ǷĻ̾ǹǽлɵұЩѹ񣬻Цɡ
֪󣬿µʹżϻϻƾӯѹ˵˵ǸȻ
һģҪʱлɽţû߳ɣ˵лɵȴӲǿ˽֪ƣ˵񣬹Ȼòȣ
֪ԵɿһۣƴǫѷлɿŵϴŵЦ⣺Щҩģѩݡ֮࣬Ҳõš
֪һǰ»ķǡѩ
л˵
ɾ£pc˺̨۹һɫ֣дŹԱɾģʾǹ˵ɾģдɾĲɾġ۶ҪˣԱжΥ棬ͻɾоǰ飬ܶʱҲۣˢһ»´򿪣ֳˣҲΡ


49 
ʱ, о¡
ΣɫȻսƲ׷ΪάĸͰΪʧ, пԭ, Ϊɰʧǳʹ
Բ, б, ܻһװεͷˣԲƽϣȱǷȣѰյֶŹҲҪгʹ, ο佫, űµ˼Ѫ
, ˵, ֮˱ڮٶ޶ԣҷҪɽƲǷг֮, Ƿܵ𱣼Ρ
Ȼ, źӵ˵ͷ⻰Ҵ۽, ԭǰǹĻǳ֮ģ
л䡿һѾƲף֪Ҷвǣ漰˽ִҲʡ
Ծȳ̬, ˵뽪Ʋһֱ, ûв, Գڹ־̬ȣܹ̻Ʋףֱ̫߳ˡƲ׵ȷçײЩ֮࣬õγʹ
ٺ꣬ʾͽ䡣
Ул䡺ܿ˵ôɡ
ָźӣҪǼƺϣٺ꣬ȱǵӵ˼𣿿ǻݶѡȻۼл䡺ͳҪҲֻøЦһƲʧ֮ﻹ˵δگԷ£ҪβϳͽƲףһӣԺԼ˧ͣ
л䡵Ʋ׷죬Ѿֻ߱࣬Ʋÿ죬·ߵյ
˵˵ȥһҲûģչǸ׼ܷ֮ƲδگߣϷߣʧְҽƲгٳٲ飬߷ˣһʲôʧ˭𣿡
л䡳û˵ĹҲڴˣµݣûнƲײУٲϻȥҲҪˡ
Ƴ۳Ϊأ
ɶˣ±ڲ죬δ֮ǰ档
һ鼸£ݵıȲãתл䡣Գ֮ѡʵĽ˧ݣȲǱߵȱ©ƲײʵãҲڱ߷ˣɳ֮
һۣû˵л䡵ͷ⵹Ǹ⣬ñǱȱѡɡ
Գ֮佫̼֮ԽףڽиЩϹɳϽĹΣܿ챨˼֣ǿԴѡʵѡ
˵ЩЩл䡲Ϥʼ䣬һʱ磬ˣҲˣʱʵһֱ˵ǾǼô
һۡڶԹһ뷢ѵƲףյոտʼʱŶô˽֮ˣᵽһ˿죺Ȳ⼸
໹ôˮ©źӣϷճ꣬˵ǿ⼸һһǹƴλõģǼϤǵȱѡ˵ɡ
ƳƲ״ӹŴʶҪӭȥƲҲ̴һ߿ͣסӣҹƬ̲ͣıֻ꣬ͬķΣѪܵİǿ˿ֻʣԼڵζ
ҹҹδߣÿըǰǽ֪ģСʱǲøЩסӣס
ҪİοӲοִˣһһҲẦ°ɣû˰ס䣬ûο
ŽƲԽԽԶӰͼҳ֪ӰӣЦƲ׿ûأҲǴȣȻֻٺ»
ҵ˼ת
Ул䡸ڴǰŷļˣԳʱǰ˵£ԷʱˮѽϵΧǽˣհʱȥ˲ǣ˵˺񡣡
л䡻عͷƲ׼
ǻûڼңǺ˼ġ
л˼ţû˵ǰ̫౨£佫
õǼʱл䡵ͷ
Ʋ߽ʱлϿۣæǰ񣺡μ¡
ɣл䡵֣ոջ˵㡣
˵гڣȻʲôûƲû𣬵ͷ֪Ըܷĸ޹أ
޵֪һƬģֻ֮ȴҲϴѡл䡵Ĳݣ
Ʋԥһ£ʳ죬³ʱʱ̥ȹһ㣬δӱµǲ
л䡵ۿģȴǷ౨飬׼˵𣿽ڣһֶᡣǺʱƲ׵ҹܴɽˮ˳ҵΧǽ⣬μŹز˳ȥϻҩģĸƴǲֻˡ
лһá
ֵϢ֪ͨҩģרȥ
ҩ֣ǳ»ҩҪҩģƲ׵Ρ
˽˺̫ҽԺҲû֪ҩǺͨϢл䡵֣ɣϹʲôǰʧǵҲнˣٺ꣬ȥ֮ǰ˹ȥ֧Ӧţûѡ
Ҫ˹ȥ𣬺ÿ졣Ʋ׶ʱԽսģʱµףѪ罦һ㯣Ȼ֪⣬ֱȡиѡ˾ȻǷȱ죬ҵϸʱգضڳ
Ŷ˭лʵ
ƽС
ϻѩƷ࣬ϴιʹ͵ҲʲôѵôȾִġ
ƾӯڿϻߣЩǼʮϸҲѵá
һϻӣÿװƷϵȵҩģ֪ףƽݵλʱôҲףѩ߶ҩϵĶŵ̫ˡ
ǰţһǷ飬뷨ӻϲС
ʱĸ񱸷Ǩӣˡƾӯɫæҵˣ»ֻ￴ţҵøϽȥ
֪֪Ůûͳȥʱʵ粻ڼôֻŻ
ȥ£´ͷˣʱûƾӯڶǰͣס⣬л㡣
ʱ򣬽֪˵ҪϹɿǼӣһǧƱƾӯ֪Ϊ˰ʱмһ컹ϡ
ӯô˵ǲһ׬Ǯ𣿡֪Цţҡҡ֣ҺϹɵıǮӯ㻹˸ңʲô
ƾӯҲЦ˵ͷãҽãҲ˵ʲôˣұغúôתЩǡ
˽Σ֪ſĿͣۿŸճţͷҴһˣȴ
֪е⣬ʱ緹ĵ㣬ǸϸµˣӲʱҪô̫ҽù
ùˣﻹûðɣЩæɫȸܿ졣
ʵһѵ£̹
̧֪ۣ˷϶ǳɡ
л˵
Ӹһ~


50 
ֹ, ֪ݸɫæżСѾͷ⣬֪ʵ̫ҽʲô£
˶٣ǹ﷢һ, йص, ᲻ѣ
֪룬ģЩڵ˼, ̽ʵǲõ𣿡
ǡͷ, ̫á
֪⽫Ҫʱһ
Ȼʱ棬ȴΪ۽飬ʵ, һҽ, ûʲôҪʱһĻѯЩ, ˵, ʶ
Ǹ磿ǰ壬ӯ㣿
֪޶Щ, ʵ, Ҳʶ𣿡
ʶ
˭֪¹ش󣬻̫ҽҡ
ţҲ̫㲻¹ش󡣡
˰, ¶˾ģʱڳ֯¥żү
֪ûףֻǾص㣬й, ʵ֯¥, ʲôط
ǡһ, Ǹ˹¥ݡ
֪ⷴӦһ£ŰѷǾ仰ϵһ𣬴һ˲ɺˣ˵
үʱȥ¥ҹʱǰ뿪Ҵһ£ү¥˸ŮӣѾࡣ
Ϊ˵Ƿ³е£˶һϺ죬ЩݵģԽ˵ԽҲ֪顣
ٻ˼ңӵܷЩҲǳ£Ϊ̫ҽŴ󻧣Ҳ֪˼ҵŮڷѰһֻ۱һֻ۵̬ȣҪҪ˵ǳɡ
ֻϸʶĻƾӯǸˬ಻ɳӵӣƽʱžҲǶ޵ĿǣܾûƾӯηԾܾãǴæϵѰ֪
֪ܿĻӦӯ㲻֪
Żƾӯʱžȥ£סˡ֪ٶ۵ķƾӯžäƼޣǰ֮󣬻ƾӯ͵͵ȥžŮ뵽ų꣬žͷ˻Ůӡ
֪˵£ȷ
ֻһΣҲбɡ
ȻӣȻ˵˿ڣ¹ȷʵˣ֪ģ߹˲
˶٣ԽˣҹǱһҹүߺҾˣ˭Ҳ˵
ƽͷһ³Ϊ˶žֻܵ˸Ůڷװӣҹ²ǰһޣҪڽ֪ǰ£澽ȵ˼㡣
֪ȴû⣬˼ŵȲҪţŪ˵
ܿö⣬ֻһΣһб顭Ų֤һ£ʵƾӯ˵
һ¡ȥ¥žǳһ㣬ҪҪ˵
ԥʱ֪һл̫ҽ֪ҡ
ȴŵͷȫˣǰĹϵֺαڴʱͽ¶ˣ˸񣺡Ϊ
֪£ŻƾӯžʱǺܣ˵˸жЩƶЩãǰϴεҩŰɣҪӡ
֪æʵ̫ҽϴ»ҩ̫ҽԺЩ֪
ֻжʦ̧ۣʲô𣿡
֪Ҳ͵ڳ֪ɳƺֳʲôϵϻѩߣɺ𣿽֪ҡҡͷûʲô
ߺ󣬽ֻ֪ŽƲ׻ýһֱȵͷƫͷŲ֪æվŴӿƲ״ߣæ硣
Ʋ׸յԺſڣһ̧ͷ߸Ц߹һϼ̨ף⣡
֧ˣƲͷ֪սЩҪ˵Ʋ׹
Ʋͷȥˣ֪æҲȥţƲʵô˵
ǰʧǷٺ꣬±ڲ飬½븸޹أ¶ῼǡƲ׽л䡵ĶԻҪ˵һ飬ֻĩƼȥݵ£ã̾һǡ
ǳ뽪֪Ⲣδ룬һܻҲͲշת࣬Ľ졣ţû˵ڣֻƲ׵ȥЪŰɡ
֪ž£æһ
סЪЪæһˣңҼ𶹡
֪Ҳֻðˡһæֱо֪һӷ𶹣ûע⣬沽߳úߵСԺ̧ͷͷǶ෢
ʲôͷһСٻ֪ͷ˽Ʋס
ٻܵӰһЦʱȺů⣬֣⣬
֪û뵽ʱزأ׽Բһ㣬֪úȤ첽߹ȥôѽ
ƲЦ£ûн֮͡Էᵥ뽪֪ദֻͬһܵ£ηס
ӰҲӰƲСʵǲң
ʱͿˣ£ֻܸ֪£ҿ񲻶ģ㡣
֪Цͷǡ
ЦݺܿʧƾӯͷɿذĻһ顣
Ʋɫȥȥ顣
תҪߣȥͣסͷϸŽ֪⣬Ӱ￴ֻü۵ʹЩƵģΪ˻ƾӯģƲ׷ĪҪǣδ棬棬Ҳûʲô˵ģӯһǿӦ
ҾЩ벻ͨǹʣƴСٻǳͬӰҼǵôǰӯʲô¶ģӯ㰮ʲôʲôǵãôͻȻͱء
Ʋеϰˣڻž磬ûоֻͷҲŪˣҲʲôᣬ㲻Ҫġ
ţ֪֪ͷȥɡ
Ʋ߳һֻͷ⡣
̧֪ͷôˣ
Щ»䣬Щ£һӶ䡣Ʋ״ӶӰͶңһҲ磬Ҵ⣬Զ䡣
֪żãЦ£һŤʧҹɫС
л˵
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51 
ȥ, ˺ˣܿˣûм
̫, , 棺ܴɽȥˣ
ʱȥ˿Ӧǰջɽ, ´治סˮ, һʯͷȥˣ
棬û˵
ͷһȥ˼ңл䡺, ˫۾, ܵظо˲
ڷ˼, һȥ, ˲룬, Ҳ̫Ѱ
, ҲƢҪõϵĵֻͷ, ̽ţ
ֳΪָʱ̲ԲǸѪԺӣᷢ, л䡵ǻ, תͷʿ, ǰֵϵĹϵûȫϣҲǳԭ֮һ
˼ţӦġ
¹ƣôбضߣ˻ȥžͺбҪ͵ʲô񣿡
ҩģѩݡ˲Ρߡ֥
ĿǰЩ֪»ҩѩ
ضб֪ƽеľǽ֪壬ԴΪֵ㣬˶ûܾ
֪⡣ָָմĵ̣񲻶֪⡣ǣҶǣʱ̲ܷ£Ʋװ䱦ԶݣһֱŮ
ǣǣһȫ
ƲлǴصĻ棬˵ʲôлú᲻йأлǴʲô֪˽֪ҩ
ָŷ֣ʵ̫ҽԺǱߣ鵽ʲô
ǰ뾩֮ǰԺ׵ʱֻǸѰ̫ҽȥоǴҪİգǰЩɵģͰյۣʶؿ˳һۣһŵϣǱߵĻ֤ȫģҵϵȥ̽ʤǱߵķƺǺ˽⡣
ȥϵغʵһˡ
һؼ£Ǹʱ壬ȻڵȲãھУϾҪסڣ֪⻳УΣһնðǱ߼ֶţκ춯̱ҡ
Զӣˣ袴ͷ߽ˣȥ¥
Ĭסǰž˽֪⣬ֱӸ߻ƾӯЩ
ӺֹԱˣ鵽žƷвʱĺ򲹣ˣȻٹܺžǻƾӯķƾӯǽ֪ѣĵģ˱˼ҵ˽¡
üýִ֪£Ӳãʵڲ˲ۣԸƲܿ쵶ն飬ġ
Ը袣ȥ¥ţвأ̱ҡ
Ʋ״Χǽ¥
ӶֵطԸӴų룬ֻںڰУл߹ʱ鵶ס
ʣڲŵݴսڣ¥ϵڶ䣬пˡ
žƲںڰУû¶档
ǣǡ
Ʋһӳˣ
룬ˣǰȹػƣ濴죬ÿʮˡ
ʮӣǶʮƾӯΪѼױΪת飬ҪӡƲһԲ¿ӣų˻Ƶ˸ʵָһ½ס죺ʵţ
أϲ־̧ͷʱܿյģﻹаӰ
ƲԾ¥ŴȥŪƬһ࣬žɴ³Ż§ŸŮӣ˵Ц
Ʋ׸ƬԽǽ
ȷɣžͷˣֻ£ƾӯ죬Ҳȥ˵֪ô
Ը֣Ϊģ½֪Ϊǵġٻܵǵú˼ϸ壬Ϊѵľϲǣ廹ôκη¡
Ʋ룬ŴɿƼȥ
ʱ֣֪⻹˯š
񴲵ϰߣէȻᵽݣЩϰߣҹ㲻˯̤ʵҹ£Խȥߡ
͸ɴԵܿĵҲϨӦҲû˯ţ֪ȥѰԥţһֱû
СʱǵǺͳһĸ׷˯ģܴͳ˯ĸ˯࣬Ϊ̫СѾϡǵÿʱĸ׻ˮšӣϸϸ
еģĸ֮ܰļ䡣
֪ⷭ˸ӵ͸Ĺ⣬ĬĬš
㲡֮ٲĸͬ˯ĸ׵ȫչ˽㣬ĸ׶ᣬԹڷǰףԣ̰ģĸѾˣһܹԺܹԵĺӲС
ȻʱĹ¶Ǹ׺͸綼ڼҵʱЩʱĹУԽԽࡣ
ӵµĹˣϨ˵ƣ֪ⷭ۾
ĸеŹ֣ʱ˵Ǿ仰˺ܾã벻ס
һҲ硣Ϊʲô᲻Ǹ磿֪Լõĸ磬ôܲǸ硣
˼ЩƮ˯һϮ˯ʱһ˿  ԸһжᣬԸӯû²źá
Ʋ׸ĸǰصУҪҹĽ߽֪⣬³˯Щתһ˯ʵڲó
һǰȥѾʰˣ¿ѾǽĻʹ֪⻹
ƲŲ߽ĸףôô磿
⼸ΪŲģýƲ׶ԺԷʱ·üȵ죬ô·
ϳȥ£ŻƲ׶˶٣žڻ¥˸ŮˣҹҺͰȥץ˸š
ʲôһ£
常ҹȥżңҲڳȻˣҿôɡƲɵʱʱĶӻţ֪ûѡ
ﰲο࣬ǰ֪дʱΪųϳԵʣ𴲣һУƲһ뵽̲סޣҲҪϳǴӲý֪ͣҲҪô磬ʹӣһˣֲȱ첲ȲзˣƾʲôԿȥ
ûִ˰ɣյƢе㵣ģƽ˼ңǧأ̫ѿ
Ʋҡҡͷżӵ£ԺҲա
ѽ̫ЩʱҲѧ͵Уۣ̾ʲô¡
Ʋţ˼Ʈȥģжæתǰȥֱס
üãôҲñɣԺ˿˲ʡ
Ʋͣסӣ߬ȭĸס
ͷҵ˼ҹĸ˵ˣֻĸ׳ȫ
䣬֪Ҫʱŭ֣
֪ⲻɵվסˣžҪʱͷѾ߼ҴˣСү̫̫ˣ


52 
ɢ֪, ˦ߵˣˡ
ͷ󺹣СĸѾ˵ȥˡ
ȥƽ, ֲ˵, ͼˮΣȥ
Щܿ, Ӳ, ľϹȥƽ£ʱϸΣ첽߳ţӻûǣͷ, , һԾϡ
ؼһ, ǰȥ, ӷŸں棬ϲŭӡ
ŭһʱ, , Щǽ֪⸹еĺӣһȥضֵ췭ظ, ȻнƲסҲķ
ϲһȥ˵ܼţܹһЩҲǼİο
紵, µ°ڴ, жҡڲ, Ŀƽɫ鹡
ǰ飬ΧĶǿֵˣϵĳ˵ЦУģģ̫ɿǰš
ǰΣˤڵأһֽޣҵĶӣϵ⣬ƾʲôҴߣ
սƥͣסֵ˼㣬ϼȺ봫ӣҵӣƾʲôռǽң
ĶӣӡΪʲôе˳˿ǴӴ˺ٲҪˣе˳˿Ҫñˣ޹ˣһΣ
ȺŰţסǰ·ÿ
ɴǲʶҲ֪ݲͣһŵȺܿÿһ·ϲվм䣺бǱͷҳ
ɫ鿪ţƲ׵ױųһڣûп֪⣬һ㣬ûûԻ˼һ֡
첽ǰҪգֽ
ϿЩ£ȺΪҵڰΣʱ˵ãϽҰѺҪҵҵĳҶģֻнһȥҲ
ֱصнƷϢסޡ
ʲôʱ򣿺Ǹ죬ڹӼ飬Ϊӣںʲô֮λΣģڹӼ೫˱⣬ǾλϮգ衣
絽죬ˣӣ޳ƿڴΪʲôճӣҪЩҪֶΣô㣬ôڴǰͷӣ
ǰץϣˣɤͻȻӿ׳ӣһӵϷϵ˫ס̧ۣͷƲױ
֪ûҲĳ棬ͲĬƲһϷƵТӣ㻹ǿʲôŽ۸
Ʋ׳ʹ˸ɫΪ׵ͳסϵ죬ûֹԶةӺ͸ʹӷŸɢΧ۵ˣŤҪ˿ڣ
ǰŽƲףЩ£˵ס
Ʋװŵֻһ֣
ûߣǺӵ£ϸˣ
Ʋ׳û˵ҴҸ˵
Ťϸں棬̤ڣϴεƫλɫȻȲԼãҲֻˡ
죬ؽֱסһ񣺡֮£ٲᷢ
ᷢƲЦѾڶˣϻЩˣ»˭㣬ҵģ
´ΡֱĿѰܡ
磬ס˺Ŀռ䣬ͻȻѹסˣŵϤͷİǶĸоŪ
´Ρһ˫ס磬˵
Ϊ˺ġ⣬ֱҪ麢ӵ£ǻ˵ġ
ʱ˵⺢ӴӴûκιϵ岻ķбţϹϸļͼŬġ֪ĺӣƴһסģ⺢ӣ
ЩѴǰദϸڷо׽ԽϸԽôǸӡ˳ӣӲѣӲΪ˺ӣѴǰԼȫƷˡ
Ϊ˺ӣ߾ȫ
ȥδйᣬͬ˵ĵ⣬ģһ˵ġ
ʲôöԸˣҵ޳ܣϵķ񲣬ٳϵǹȫˣɡݶôµĶ֣ǵǸС
أᵽʱľҲԽᵽδĺӣжమ
Ǹĸףס
Ҳκĺӡ
ﰲȥü˼˼Ʋװŵ粻Щ񵽣ȫע棬ĵԴ
ҪеҪ˵š
ȻΣգÿͨҲ֪ҪÿҩôڵĽҪӱࡣ
ģԹۣǸøףΪŬѧϰôӡ
££̸ңأٲҲһΪ쵽
ǴƺӰ˶鲻ԽǰһͻȻϵƨ
֪ʲôʱŪӣ̴ƨŪģƾʲô
Ͼ˼֣ĸ˵ɣǻ˼ϣ磬ĸ׽ŭа˼ַ飬ĸٲתһĸȥо
˼֣ǧɽһ֣ǰ뷽ɭϣиŴзµŮʱᱻȥУΪʵϸ񿴹ܣſһƤ׸ӡ
Ȼ֪طŽ֣תһۣҴӲʳԡ
һӱ졣ʮԺͿʼõĮûһ˿ĿǸ˵һԽãԽƽ֪ӵֶΣȷӲʳԡ
֣ȥ˼֣իϴϴ̷첹ȫԼ֣ʲôɽûûӶӲϺܿ찲
תһҾ⣬ġ
ģӣ㱻ɱĺӣһþػ㲻ٰң㣬ٲϿһۡ
˵ˣƲһǰ棬˵ˣ͹
µױǰͣͷһ硣
ƲĸߴͬΤεס֪档֮ʹ޷ˡ
һһ߳ãѬһ´֪Ǻʱ
Ųȫʧ󣬽֪߳硣


53 
ϰԵؽڶ, ֪ŷųĻ
ģһ˵ġҲκĺӡ
ѾĻðʧȥӵķ, յںдЩ, ĸԸҪôô
ҿͦĵ, , ܸˣҪһĹĻᡣ
˭˵Ʋ˵Ϊ룬ô̫̫סһٶָ֣һһ, Ϸ⿴
֪ͷû˵֪Ϸ, ĸӳϦദ, ȥǰ, ⺢ӹȻ, ϲ̨ļ, Ҳǲмġ
ƲףסƲ, ֺα˵ӳһкӣܸĹòܲǿСһûиװɣ
ָףҪҲգƲ׿֪, ˵, ô, ôͻȻ֮ͱˣ
ɻ󣺡⣬֪ô𣿡
֪֮ʵԭί˵Ҳ֪ǰ㡣ô֮ǰΪ˭
˳Ǿ仰һԼɽϼ棬ͻȻϵŸϵȢ㡣ʵ²ǿǣ컯Ūˡ
֪ҡҡͷҲ֪
Ʋ׿˵ٿɡ
չ۵³ϹȻûֹ֪ʱգڼ˻ƾӯ
Ůһģձ࣬ûмԱźӣͷʱɫ޴Ȱ
֪ͷһμлôСӤദ˿̿ССţǷױСֻĶҪˣһʱҲ벻ģֻ۰Ͱ͵ؿźӣӯ㣬ܱ𣿡
СЩƾӯһƣСŽֻһ¾ͺãǧĶӡ
֪첲ӲˣϢϡ䱦һ㣬ҲҶرţͷʱĴ۾Ҳ֪ⲻ¶ЦݣգգۣЦ
֪˰Σϲؽеӯ㣬ڶЦأ
ƾӯ¶Ц⣺ϲأֻϲЦ
ܿ챧˺ӣûССԴ۽֪ĶӣҼǵ̫ҽ˵³û£Ӧþûˣô
öˣЩû¹Է˯ȴǰãҿ˿öҲЩء֪һ˫ۻ᲻ôӻƿССӤôôôϲĺӣһҲɣ
ƾӯЦǾͺá
˵ֻǱŻʱʱЦһ£ﰲúܣֻлǵЦһ
֪쵽ǰʱƾӯӲôõĳĬһʻģӯӣڣӲˡ
֪ͱ㴰ֽӯ㣬Ǽ¡
ҹƸżžĸĸżҹȥ¥ž˺ž㱻ڼҶ飬ٲ׳ţϢƽھв֣ͺӲƵġ
ɽ֪֪ĽԼǲԸģϴλƼϴʱңչһ䲻ϵĳĬĬߣòŵ㣬ԭǰңȫˡ
ƾӯͷĬĬźӣû˵
֪Ҳû˵ֹһӣƾӯ̧ͷ⡣
ˮѻȥɣСıɹ
ߺ󣬽֪ѾҲ£ƾӯʹƤ벻ˡ
ĸ׶룬ΪˣžѾ֪ڸģضӱá
żҲǺ룬žĺ򲹱ѾʮͷۣٴŮˡ뷢޺Ϣ䣬ǲָгˣǲӲ
ƼΨһ֧ģΪ˻˸׵ļҷҲ޼¡
Ҽ޹ȥ֮ǰžͨˡƾӯ˵
ٻ˼ҵӵܣδǰҲǳ£ž˵ˣȻеpanpan񣬵ˣžֻ֤һˡ
Ǹ죬ͷһǰ֣ƾӯһģž˳Ծʱʶġ
ž˵ԾΪ£ϵЩʵȱ˼أϵδôϣȴˡÿʮӵĶҹʣ·ͷʳž֧һδƭ˵Ҫ··¥
żҲҼױĿգž˼ҷ
Ȼžڼָžܹת⡣ʱ仳кĸ˵ĸֱףкܳվסŸܷסžΪշž;öģû
Ҫģǻ
ûֹʱƣɼҲûа취ΪߡżҲѻԼͺӣֻѡһֻѡӡ
⣬ƾӯЦţûá
֪ⲻ֪˵ʲôźáֲ֮ʱѾϸϸ˵ģ֧룬ŰְǧϻΪຣƾӯȴ
ӯ㣬֪§סƾӯڴǰǻƾӯ§ģ취϶а취ģʲôʱҶһ
ƾӯǵʱ˵Ļû뵽ʱִ˵ٸнЦŵͷãһ
᣺ҲˣȶܣȵðǮץ
žǲǻڸںÿüױٲžӻûǮžֻܶڼûȥЩĵ£ûǮžշҲÿɫͬ⣬žҲ˵
ǮץȻ㣬취
ã֪§ĸţҸ¸ɫ˼ܸɵƹʹƣһûԹһԣá
ƾӯͷЦ£ǰЩӶľӪˣϾЩ˵ԺҰ֮
˵Żߵţ̣̫ҽˡ
ǰŹģ³ˣǰʱ֪Ѿʮƽͣʱϸһǰãջ֣̥ȹ̣ӦΣˡ
Ŀѹ˶ʱĴʯȥ֪⾪ϲ˵ƾӯЦϲϲ
ϵһɨ⣺ЩõϢˣ
ѾǶʼϲ޷ɿȥţдҩƾӯл㡣
̧ͷǳЦдɻ󣺡ֻ̫ҽôȥֵط
ˢһºϰ˵ǣңҴȥֵطͷһΣôһأҡ
ϴû˵ǳѣξ͸֪οڣͰ˵˰Ҳ֪ôͣƾӯֻǿһʣûʲô⣬ʱȣҲû׷ʣת֪˵⣬㻹֪ɣҪȥˡ
֪䲻⣬ȵؿסʲôʱ£
ҲǲƺƸټģûնҵҲ֪أƾӯ֪̾Ҳã֪ˣֻҪţǺȥ
Ǹټô֪Щ죬ôˣӲ£Ȼ˵ܣƺŶԣѵΪշŶԵʣ
**
ȥݵѡնԽףֶ̫ӣս䲻罪ƲԺգһУҲõóֵˡ
һѡЩ⣬ǻƼ塣
ƼҵӵܶѸ߿ƾһ;ƼˣҲĳ˾£ûдӾ飬˵ںѡ֮У£Ƽ˭ټ
Ʋ׾ټģƼѧԨԴǰŽѧȱҲʲôл䡵޿ʼҲþ̫٣ԲƲΪŴ¼빬˵ޱ֤УֻǸССѲ죬ſɡ
û˵ֱеһ˿죬ɹһʱ˵
ԻƼֱܵĽ䱸ų⣬ΪƼԽ֪̫׽ɻƼ뽪֮ͨãƼʲô˼ƲӦּģϾƲƼƺǸõѡ
˼һˣһ뵽пޱˣһİʹȻɱѣĬųҵ˼
Ʋھʶ֮ཫУһս׿ϾټƼȥݣΪл˵ԼƼȷм汾¡һȥǲܻģôĻͲлϵĴ㡣
ԣǽƲûϻƼ
޷ȷһ漰侲˼ǲ֦׼ȷҪء
ôҲ֪Ƽ壿л䡼ֹʵ
ΣعЩᣬδ֪
ƷΣлʵ
ƷΡֻǸССĳ˾£ȴΪ涥ײȨյةࡣֻǸʮ꣬ȴΪԶݣǧšƷƺõö࣬ٲһ֮
սȭĴúܽ꣺Ϊֱ
Ǿͺáл䡵ͷӾδҪγֻͣҪƷǲȥнţ˵Ǹ֮ţϾ
ǰôᣬ˵ʱ۾й⣬ʱǲεĳҰ⡣̫̫࣬٣ҪЩûлᡣаĶ۵һŴţٶ̵һ룬üֱӼ絽һֱߡ
л䡾쵽һ˿һۣûˣ˻ûãô񡣡
Ψˣʱѹ¼ҪķѵĺڣԼǷΪû˵
£ڱ˵ոմ۽ģū£ˡ
лף˵͹ӣʵȥݵѡûжǹ˼һɫӵܣųþ̫һ壬Ҳٹ⡣л䡵ͷ˰ɣ޵ȥ˴̫󱨸š
̫ȵۼ̺󣬲лĸ̫һĬΪӲֳл֮Զ¹ףҲм֣ǿŹ̫ӡ
üãſĹǰţңɹ÷̣ھ˼УͻȻһƹ졣
ƲײֻڻƼһµİţóҲûƼӽٻЩõϢ˻Ƽżܽȥ⣬Щµӣ֮䣬Ʋ׺Ҳ˼
ԽԽƲһ飬ģһҪ޸Ʋŭ֮ȥݣȻһţ겻ؾĽƲ̻ңǨ񣬲ϻȥ
ңпܵӶ档ͣסӣʶƲ׶ǿרעĹעƺԶԶͨá
ô᣿ӭɫ΢΢ۣܣһҷβ£ˡ
үͷѹɤŽ̫ҽˣ
һóзҵ˼첽߳ţô
СĻûüʣһƼ̫ҽ̹׷ںСĳ̫ҽģƺǺϢ
ϢԽԽ죬һǺϢЩʱ̹עţҲֻ֪Ҫ³ô⺢ӣǱסˡ
һ·СŽ̫ҽԺʰȽţȽһ̫ҽ
Ӧͷһǰô
Ӳ˽ģЩϰߣƽȣȻȹΣڡ
ͷȻһ˲հףǸµ亹߬ġûˣô䰮ŵĺӣûˡ
һɲǣҲеȻŷ𡣺ûˣһϲúܣ䲻˼ᣬ٣һлû޷صĵز
ڣҪʲôҩţЩ״Σжɻ㣿ǲǺܴˣûоﲻã
ûб仯ͲسҩˣʳͿԡ һĽţҩֶҩ̫档ȥʱ򣬽ﻹûôԻǰ̥ȳ˻ЩԺӦͳÿˡ½һжá
ããһģ˵˼֣ܺá
ܿ쵽Լʧ̬ϲɫļƣǱһǺβԾġûˣûˡõõģôãôӣԸԳ
ţƽ̫ҽ
̫ҽӣר۶٣Щܸо˲ת˫ĿԽԽģˣǰβܣԼõϵʲôܸʧȥӵʹ࣬Ȼڣþ
ϣٲһˣкӡþʣİԼͺӡ߾ܣȫȫΪͺӡ
һ񣺡л
һæʱתȥ
ȵ侲ǰͷƲ׶
֪ڵڶ죬֪Ƽȥݵ¶
Щɻ󣺡ôǰ壿Ӳ飬ڱ°úúõģôͻȻְ
Ʋ׶£Ҿټ
ʲôһʹ常˼ҼǵҲðӾ
ȥʹƲЦ£ôѧһ£ڳ˾ʲôϢɷ͸Ϊҿһһǹ
ôأпʲôףΪʲô㲻ȥ
Ʋüͷ΢۽֪⣬û˵
ˣʶ֪ǰ˵Ѿˣ̫ҽ׿˵ģٹҩóԵģȥɣøһǻӦţӯҲܷЩ
ǣܹлƼ塣Ʋ׿ĸף⼸һֱϴ˵¡
룬ܿ˵Ѿ˵ˣЩȥ㸸ױضҲôġ
֪ܾãƺڴգЩ֪飬ҪʱƲ׵õȵܶҵȥιȥĹףҾЩʢѸֶ̫ӣ᲻ùܣѸѹסĽС
һŲ죬˽а㣬̧֪ͷƼѾߵ˽£ͷһЦ
л˵


54 
, ֪Ųӵĵطһ˿˿÷磬ʻƼ壺ʲôʱߣ
һɡȲܿ, Ƽû, ̵ӣųϡ
ȶ, ޵, ƬŨ̵ҶϸţƼ̧ۿ˿ָӻ˶ϣⶫȻÿִ棬ˡ
֪Ц, Сʱ, ҵĺһˣ, ƼСһ, Ϊ޵ִҶӱץ, ŵ޳, ڽƲױ󲻸ҳ
㻹ǵأƲҲˣǴץסƼ, ޵ϵȫץסŪ˵˵ôôԣһ쵽ʲô¶ɡ
ƼЦ£Ѿˡ
û˵ͷ񣬽֪⿴ȥ, ˿Ӳ©, һʵҲ֮, Գֻɬĳ
ý֪ͻȻʶˣ۾ﲻֻǵ׶ɰųɳһģƺЩǳա
ҲǳĴ۰ɡ֪Щѹ塣
ţƼӦһתͷϤģ峺Ŀֻˣ㡣
֪⿴ɫ˼֣أսϵǹۣιȥݣǧҪչ˺Լ
Щǰ׺͸ʱҲһ鶣̣Ȼ֪ǶǾþɳϽȻ֪ûʲôôĻĵܾඣ̼飬ΣҲͻټ֡
ƲױŸ첲ţЩǰǶ˵ģ񣬶Ա˵ˡߴżЦƼ۾ãģһչ˺Լ
ˣЪЪɣһˡƲײˣлƼ壬߰ɣȥǰͷգЩҪ㡣
ȥ㣬Ƽվȴߣл˵Ƹ磬뵥һ
Ʋ׿ˣʲô˵ģҪңҲЩӻʲôģ
ЩֻҪ˵ƼվţЦдż֣Ƹ磬رһ¡
֪м䣬ԱǽƲףǻƼ塣ȵشţӰշתĹӰ֪ùŹ֣ƲЩˣȻЦš
Ʋ֮ǰѹҪƼദ֪ⲻ֪ƼҪ˵ʲôϣ£е棺㣬㻹ǵҴǰ˵Ȣ㡣
ҳˡ
Ʋûߣд˼ֲͷСͷʲôŪЩ顣
СˣƼЦţģ¶ĸĥҪǲеĻƸҲȥݣ԰ɣ
ǣ˵ýѽƲϵЦȫʧŸ첲΢΢壬۾
磬ӱ˳֪ûµģȥæɣðȥ㡣
Ʋ׿ģվʲô۵׷ţ֪⿴̫ףֱֻܲˣȻҪܾ
ת뿪߳һֻͷ⡣
֪˵û˵˶٣̧ˡ
֪ãƺԽԽƵ    ЩŹֻ֣ԽԽԶıӰߴƼĵͻ㡣
֪عƼͷϵЦʧˣ˵ƽֱ⣬˳ȣҪˡ
һȥ֪ʲôʱܹ
һʱӿ಻͵ǣ֪ݸ磬ǵôЩĶϴ۾ͲЩٺϡӡʲôĶҪЩɤӲͰȣȳҩǿȻůͣ֬ʲôҲôϡ
Ƽ˻ƼЦַĴһ㣬üۿʼƺһϢҪЦ֪˶٣Цѽ
׼Щ֬ʲôĶŮҲõĶһɣȻǲõģ֪⿴һۣ㲻ЩŮҪãָĵطԺǲã촽Ҫѿģÿ궼Ҹ׼˵ҪȥҰѸǷȸ㣬ʱٸ׼ɡ
УƼ峹ЦˣֻƫƸĶȱȻҪдգžشҡ
֪ҲЦô
ѽƼָϻ˵д裬ôصǹֱͷкڵڶġ
֪ԽЦ֪ƲСʱ˵ǸĲϣƼ죬սȻҲֲ˱ˣأҪս˶ˡ
֪Ƽ໢ڣۣ㡣
̧֪ͷ۾⣬һʼߡ
֪ⰲţһǸܺõߣƼ֪㣬ҲûŷҪӦŰӲãкӣչ˰㡣Ҹ⡣
㣬Ҵǰǣȫˡ
ͷȣȽıԵֹĸо֪ʵʲôˣ
ǰţҵĳôӪӪŻᣬЩ²̫żֱǰЩҽ£Ҳ֪û͸ˡ
ļ΢΢ִϥϣ۵ЩҽôżңҾȻû취
˿ǱˣƸ硣
ʱ֪ԭ곤˾ˣżŵģһ˹ؼʱ򣬾ǰôҲûС
뽪ƲףĳҲֻѣɽƲʮǰսһһǹƴĻͻ͹ҵһվ˭ҲС֪Ҫ룬Ʋ˵УǾһУԳȨ֮ʢҲò־أֽ֧룬ֻһټҷ
ӲۣκɹİûڣҹѰ
ǰƲҪȥȥܾòżҪ֪ºӰɣɾˣҲãȰСæʲôʣǲеġ
΢ᣬû˻ô롣
ǰ˵ܾƸԼ̫ݣ˼ңҪԿ࣬ȥӪ͵ȵıƸԶġƼЦҡҡͷҲ
ȻԿ񣬹ȻŪʲôְλŶԸŽǨԼƾµĹҵƲнգ˽һάŽ֪˶죬ʵʵµľƾ˵ݣ˵Ҫչ˽֪⣬ʵҲÿ֡
֪ѹȻЦţЦݣ㯡֪Ҳÿζ˵ֻȱٻȥݴ꣬Ҳ
ƼЦƸǺء
Ƥס۾Ҳɣһᾡȫ
Ǵж˭Ҳ˭ʲôǰˣȻҲƴȫ  ҵ  ҲƼһݣ
üҷñ˭
֪ⲻҲ¶Цݣһеġ
˵УһСƼ̧Ƥ㡣
ͣᣬ֪޶˾öеһ
л˵
ˣ˸ʱ䣬Ӧ췢İ


55 
, ޵һ֦Ƽ쵽, ̧, ˻ȥ
֪߸, խס, ʵĲˮīдĻҲչ
Ƽתͷϵ΢ҽ룬㿴, ǲǻǰ, ǸСӣ
֪, ҪشʱЦ, ֪ˡ
ûôôӦǲɵ, Ҫܻش, Լȷ˴ǰİܵܡҲûʲôɱԹ, ǰ̫ɢ⣬ͽͲûиûɿӣҲͲˡ
, Ŭ, ܿ쳤ܹ, ܿġ
֪΢΢Цţ֪ʲôˣ
֪ôġƼǰ̫٣µͷʲôҲˣ󲻻ˣ㣬һʱҪҽξΣһҪŰ㡭
ͻȻʶ˵̫࣬ܿ죬ֻǽס
֪ͻȻе㲻ڣתȥҡŵķβ
ƼҲȥֳһ֦ҧݼ䣬㡣
֪һ۾ǴӣΪҪ˵ʲôȴû˵ã֪תͷƼ͵͵ģֽ㡣
Щ˵Ļȴǲ˵ˡһȥǧɳϣĵλҲûʸ˵ʲôģ׵ĽҲܻסο
ٵȵȣһƬأ˵ʱЩõĻ˵
ƼȥƸ磬㣬ȥ𣿡
ȥѽ֪վ
˳Χǽһ·ͨǰͷͥԺƽƲųڱǰ̧ͷ
֪Щţŵһֱߵǰ촽˶˵ˣ
˵ˡƼЦŴȥӸǰһˡƸ磬ǹɣ
Ʋû˵ֻſ֪ɫߴЦɫһ㰲ĵ鲢ûзƲˢһɣ
ײ֪⿿ϣСʱػػˣһƺû䣬ϤȵģƳʱ⡣
һ磬Ƽǰݣ֪ŽƲףһС
컹ֻƼףһƥѩʱӭ㣬Ƹ磡
֪ڽĳ￴Ϊ˼ֳȣѾۣչֳӵķɣСӣӦǷ񶨰ɡ
ˣƲ֣һôҲҪսˣôֽеģɺͳ
ƼվסŲЦôƸͳ֣ͷһء
֪ЦƲ״αΣͷһͳģ˵ͳ֣ȻЦ
ק½Ʋ׵ӣ˸磬Ҫˣ˵ˡ
ƲһȻҪ󣬹ȻҲû˵ĻƼļ򣺡ҵԾơ
ãƼӦһΪپƣҲһ
ﶼ˵Щʲôƾӯ߹岻׾ͰˣôƸҲź˵˵
˶ЦЦǰͷ죬ѾǱ󣬴ˣۿٲͣƼɿؿڳˣȥƸ磬㣬ˣ
һ׷ǰĶ飬֪סżţǰͷתҡҡ֣㣬ˣ
֪ǰΪͱȻǼ⻹Ǿɬ֪Ҳ֣壬ǧأ
ԶƼЦѩ˦βͣʱȥ˴ͷֻţ֪תͻȻһ˿
ƺʲôڰ֪̽ѭŸоŶסߣûзʲô쳣
һ㣬ţҪĳǻӡ
һµʱּҪ׽Ըǿң޲̱ǰڣűߣЩ̹ĵ˼
ԸУ̫󲨶Щûȥ죬ҲƲͻƼ壬ԲĹȫҲ޷ǸԶԶؿһۣ磽Щҹ˼
ȻʱԶԶؿһ֮ȫĿ׽׽һЩ
̰һҲ޷ơ
ڼȵìУһ
Ʋԣĸ첲Сϳʮƽȿֳһ붼ΧűɴӣȵҲܹ͸͸˷ɹɴװ飬ʮ־Ư
Ŀ⣬ڽƲ׷ϡ
ǰеڴʱǿҵ˼㡣Ʋ嶼Ծؿһַֻĸ첲һֻ൲סʲôײƵģһʱһ̶ɣֳĳͷ³ţ֪ͷҪȥƲ׿ŵһֻæȥסԯԷζ
ŴıһߡѾߣ޺СƣȥζѾǷ̵ģɽƲЩС£ҪΪ
רעȫעڽ֪ϣһþɳϽڵڶĿ̽ⲻϳƲ׶Ĺг̶ȣԶԶֳõġ
ĬĬţǵĽսУŽƲɿ֡
֪УıڹУλ˼ӲʵĵӣȥѽƲһ㣬ǽƲصΪƵģ·ϵŲ
֪˿ֱ˿̽ŵĸоˣ̲סһ
ôˣƲ׸ȥ
ûʲôҲǴɣûпʲôɵˡ֪ⰲãȻͷǵ컹Ĩȥźһۣܾú˶Ƶġ
Ʋȥӥһ۾һ
ͻȻͺ֫ٺͿգֻһĿӣű
ڳʱһζϼڴϣųǰܾҲܸűĳŶܱȸ׽
ǣ̰
ʻţƲǣڳߣְڵϣĶϵɴӴСߣʵĳͽȥȥ͹׵Ĺ˼ҲߣĶм̲ס˳ɴ
ƲһӳַɴӣڳǰΤӣ¶ɢϢ
ֳԴõ̬ȡ̬˶ռԸػ׵䱦һ㣬ųˡ
һѰ䵭Ʋ׶ҵİɷһĸͬ檶ûУôҲӲ˵κйۡǾһӿͷ̰ͻȻǴ޷ƣе£ˮ¥̨Ƿʤ
ʻŵŴһȥֱ̽ĸоԽԽǿң֪ƿţͻȻĻ⣡
µӰһɱڳǰ⡣
֪ǰָоôˡųţˣڶˡ
ץųţֵָȥָĹؽڽŵӲŰɫôôǱӰû磬ܿ䵭飬ո֮ǰЦģЦ
ʱɬ˼㣺⣬ǰȫҴҲԭ£ֻԺҿ㡣
߰ͷ­ȥ΢˼㣬Ӳ֪֫ʱܱϣ֪һ´ֲ֪Ǻʱں޷賤̰֫˵ԼҲ֪޿ܵ£⣬㣬ɡ
Ʋŭ
ǰˣֱ˫˫סץųţ⣬ŪˣҲ֪ǰ㣬ôʼնһʱ򣬼ǵɽ˵ĻŪˣңҰɣҰɣ㲻Ҫҡ
ָţͳķŵңɫѾ¾ɵ˼㣬Ҷ˷ĩžǵҵңһֱţĲ֪㣬֪㣬ô
֪⿴ǸңС֣֮߼ªĺܣŶڸסʱտƾŵģȫһǻȳϡ
꣬ӲùңΪѾˣ˸ϧȻڿˣҲֻǿˡ
ϾôľһʣȫȻûõˡ
ֶòסңĮ£һɲǳ뵽˹ȥԼΪַƵɣңʱһڴеǰܹϳһһʧˣǵĮţ˿ӻ
ڣ˵Įõ
ϵĽƲһŭ𣬻ӵ袡
ɳһŭ֮ʤǧ˼袻ˣѪֱƲ׵ڶ¡
ûж㣬һ˲룬Ʋһˣ᲻Ϊһ᣿ϾĳģҲڴ
ˣšϣɸ̫ԶŵھľʱͻȻ
ϣնϷ˿һڵͷƮ£Ʋס
ûж˼ǻҵģЩϧһ¡ˣҲܻһᣬˣҲϾǽƲ˵ˣֳȻƺ
úϸƲ׵ʼնģ˹Ź˼ģֻнƲһ
⣬ɣҺ㣬ɣ㡣̫ң޵еĳʧˣǰ˻ֱ̿΢ֻ״Σ˵뵽ÿһ仰ֵľջйʯӣҡɽңջҾȻ˼ãеûȻʯھȣӣ˵ӦܾȻӻڼҴòãǸģҪ㣬ˡ
ʣʣĹصĵóһΣƲžһתһգӳǰƿɼˤߡ
ÿ죬ַסվӣֳϣ֪ˡ
ֻô̶һ˲ʮҹҹ˼ڵζԶǿɬģôôţͳҲֻô̶һ档
һ仰˵
Ĳˣһ˿İ˵ûСڣ˰
ԽǰţƬ̣ƿ
ߵÿ죬ֻȣ׷ţӲóܵˣȻʱ޾ֻƴ׷š
ţƲŵڼԯϣԸϳǶپ㣬ǻ
ţ֪һƽʱһƲ׷
ԭߵÿһƲµ֪⣬ֻƽٶȣܵԽԽԽԽƲƳµӰ׷ţǲ԰׵ģȫûѪɫ
ɥҹһ㣬ƫܵý
ߵ˿ʼָָۣ˿⣬ܽˣˣ־󣬳֣ͻȻӿˣƲ׼һޡ
ߵľֱġҧ׷ţñˣѥˣ°ڷͬҶϷÿÿýʱǳͻȻһ£ֽ˦ȥԶ
ƲϷŪѵʶһ㣬ȻֻܱϷŪ᲻ôģǰʧ
ܿ㣬ܿ㡣ҲһϢ׷
л˵
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һħһɷ
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Сؤ˸ЦĹЦһ˫ۣɽɫС
ǹд顢ϹӺĩˣ˵ź޳Ĺ󺰡
һ룬û⣬£ҵˡ
İ
֦ڹԺǰһ±䡷ŵĥ͸ˣҡڵȥ¹
±䡷һ㶨ù٣㶨ù٣㶨ù١
Ŵϲʳɽһǻ֮ģѡʱһƨɽ
˭֪ǮӵıǱʱ飬ǰ绻˽졣䡭
ɹ
˭ƨôƣ
˭мꣿ
׼εʱ֣ȱһǮһ£԰סɲɣ
ɣߣӼ͸ɣ
ˣٺ٣б಻
֦󳾿֪̽д־Уѹٰ䣬ƨ֣鵱дúðĲȻᣬҲˣ
֣һ㶣飿ٺдʲô飿Ӷ˴дġˣǰΪӪӹ˽

#ԼдԼ#
***
֦ƨĵʮ֣£Ůף²ȥԸ˵צ
üĿ赭һ廪˵
֦ٵ£Ҳסվһˣһ
ʧ˷磬ƽãô˵ҲãҲա˭˵¹һ£ֻҹҹŹ
ٺ˳˻飬֦Ƣɤٵ£檲ǵͼס
£ȫҶ£ֱߵ飬
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¿䡷һ㶨ù٣㶨ù٣㣬ù١
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1.칫һİ飬̽ڣ
2.д壬VǰVո
3.


56 
֪ڳ, ͷŷųĻ
ŪˣҲ֪ǰ㡣
䵭ԶƾŬҲ治ȵʯͷ, Ϊ֪ǰǰˣ
ٺؿЩ, ͻȻ֪ͷЩ, Ʋͷ˵Щ, ҵ߿㡣
ӿ죬ҲˣŪóˣΧ۵ԽԽ࣬Ʋײ뱻˹ۣ뾡뿪Ƿ֮ء
֪Ӧһ, ̫Ѩ, ѹѣĸо
ϳ, , ЩԶЩ㲻ġʱʱ˺, ͶȻ֪, ˣѰ, ô߰׷ĳǺܺڣǰǰأ
ֿ˼֣ȵķɴ͸, ֪ѹ̫Ѩ
ǰǰ, Щίʹ, ֻܣװܡԭߣȫȫⰮֱ˺ˣ϶ˣͲõںͰ⡣ǣЦĽ
ͻȻһߣʯӣ֪ʶȥץ֣ѣεĸоɲͻȻﵽ㣬ָ֣ȴûץסѵʶ֪ŬſһŲŲԷˤ
⣬Ʋ滽ո·иûܹȥû°ɣ
ûеȵӦƲͻһæ
ƿʱ֪۾ڿϣһִֻŷ֣һִֻųҡţƲһӻ񣺡⣡
̽ȥ̽ϢůģȥͷͷЩЩƲ޷жʲôңǿҵĹУʱѾҵ£ȫ֪δá
ͨУƲײңԼòַڼͷһ
ңʱ뾡ϡ
򣬡Ʋ׽һȥ̫ҽԺ
ڳתһ̸ϵ˽ǰǰԶܿʲôӽƲ׵Ķжϳ£ҳӺܿת˷
͸ϵţεڽƲ׻Ľ֪⡣
ͷ­һ죬һɲҹһжôƣͷƤŽ˻ôˣ
·Ʋ׵ͺһ
ת򣬷ɿǰʻȥ׷ں棬ʱϣһԾ£ˣ
û˵׷ųȥķ򣬶Ƶڴϣĵõһ̤ϡ
ôε˵ģѾΣգӺһаãǶ̶̵ɫȴǰ࣬ǰݵ°ҲԲЩѾںת
ϼޣֳ̽š
֪⻹ûѣƲ׽Ŵܿŵ˼㣬ֱ۶ЩӲ˻ѣ΢ɿ㣬
ƲȻҲ֪ķӣȻŵز㶼ˡ
æ֪ڴĺ챦ʯŦɿһ㣬Ǵĺ񷽲ôϸˣƲæƣƽƽڻֽŴȫ򿪣ʿ͸ʣô
ôƲҲ֪ôȹΣڣϳʱһ糣Ϊʲô׵ģͻȻεˡ
ʣһ˵ŸõӦԣƲû˵ӿţʳǴžǰ̫ҽԺڳ￿򹬳ǵķλƲûкͣųһ·ȥسǵʿƲ佫ӡһΣųУ
ʿϵģÿӿʻʳǣŴţǲгģƲ˫һչС֪Ⱨ𣬿첽߽Ŷ
Ʋ׽ų̿죬һգ۾ȥǰͷܼ׷ϣƲ׻Ľ֪⣬Ƥ˯һ㣬ɫǰȵģɳ£¼ˣţһѹƲסͻ˳
Ʋ׺ܿ쿴̫ҽԺĴţһԾ̨ף߽һ
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ΪԵʽƲײûǰգ
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˵ЩϻʲôãƲ״ΪʲôεΪʲôһֱѣ
ƣҶ˵תˣҪôģѨܻѹ
ܿã
Ʋ׶£ȻģȻʱûиõķӣҲֻӦ¡
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֪Ҳȴ˵ЩùЩ
ۣս֪֣ϴΪʩʱθۣʱԱߣȴ֣һοֶ˵
ս֣䵭ӣʵĵˡ
Ʋţ֪ɱۣëһ£ڻԣҲ޷ͣͺһôѣ
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ϲӿͷ鲻ԽشȥֱƲƿ
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һ仰硣
ͷ̧ȥסķŵҡˣûпԼӽ󣬶ٻһ⡣ڶô滻½Ʋ׵λãǱӦλãһжŪˡ
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ҩǸʳƷȳţ컹βΰɣΣӦþûʲô¡
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Ʋ׸һ죬֪εˡ
ʱ˶ڣʣЩʲôǻǵҿǲʳʲôףշġ
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֪ջؼʱθڲãԵü٣Ϊ뷨Ե㣬һѰóӸ޽һͳʲô˶ȫ¼ڰû뵽
Ҵҿһ飺Եû⡣
ҩҲ޿ʹԵģ벻ͨûݼҾ֮ࣿеĳЩϣ׼֢
ûСƲ׺ܿ
ţѵгʲôóԵģ
ܣƲ׵ĺӵýӲҳԶʱ˸ţʲôʲô
֪ⰲţнЩ鶼һ飺磬һγ˱Ķ
л˵
Ӹһ


57 
֪һµйһ顣
ΪµԵ, ԶܽСһӦʳǵ򵥶ʰƲ׻ټһ, ⡣ҩ, ɿҩﶼϸ, ǰЩѩȻ, ΪԵʣûãҩⷽ棬ӦҲ⡣
Ψһƿصģǰջµ
, Һȵ, ǰջҩ֪˵
Ʋ͵գ
Ҳˣ֮ʹ, ˵ζƵҩ, ˵˼ζ
ȷʵ޺Ѱҩ, ȻҩѾû, ҩҲʹ쵽׺ȥʲô, Ҳֻаһ֪ˡ
Ψڹ˵ʲôʲôջҩ
ǰ֦֪ͽƲĬͬʱѡʱҲòԭί˵һ飬ǾǵǣգǺ⻹Ƕ⣿
ʾ֪, Ʋߡȥ
ʮǰ̫н, һֱû, æ̫ͷ緸ˣҪʱʱ̰Ħ
Ʋͣסӣü֡Ǳĵطãȥл䡣ҵˣȻȴҾҵģ̫һ첻˳һֻܵš
ҪôԺУ̫ҽԺˣ˻Ҳܽаճ
ûô򵥣˵̫ϲգҪ̣̫ҽԺЩҲҵͨҽŮƲ׳ţĸĪȥ취
ڴźҲһʮʱæй̫ҪʱǰڹΪл䡰ͷ죬ˣҵӡ
ƲߺҩҲˣ֪ŻɢŲˣЪŰɡ
̧ͷʱվſڲסĳݣúЪЪ˵ܺõ㡣
۵ĸʼղðΪġ֪ǸΣѾ߻ȥ֣Բ𡣡
㣬⻰û㣬סˣ̾һ˵ĶʲôʲôԲġ
֪֣ů޶˾;̤ʵࣺһúóҩܿܺ
һɲǣͻȻ𽪼ˣǰҲô˵Ŀ־壬һ§ס˽֪⣬ٿ뽪һ͸żͣ۾˵úõĺӣΪʲôͲ˳أ
ˣæһʱ˳ˣСүôô򣬺ܿͻõġ
ʶԼʧ̬ǿסɬԡ
§Ž֪⣺򣬺ҩ㣬һܺá
֪˵ͷ
ҹȥ뽪֪ͬ˯ҹչˣ֪Щ췸磬ƵƲþ˯ˣҹʱоͻСʱĸΪоһ
֪ðģĵĹ¶һʧӰ٣˿ܿ˯ȥ
ڶһ磬Ʋֳȥ·֪緹Ѿ˵
ڼв˵ֶ˶٣ȰҪôһɣ⼸ÿ춼ͦĵġ
֪ͷࣺ
ܿõ˻ظվǰţձڵסߣŵŵˣʼûг֡
켸ҹδۣ񾭱˼㣬ֳһֹѡĬĬ⼸Ρ
εڶ̫ҽʼûܲԭ֪εˣԭԾû
׷ʹûнչ˵ûУȻ죬Ʋһֱܣ˴飬ӣǲ鵽ʲô
ձݺͬˮīʯƣҲûнչǣ֪
֪£Ҫʲô
ظϢĹ˵ϸˣ˵ĲǶǷˡ
νӴ̬ܿȺõö࣬˿ϰҲֻ
´Ҵȥˣվǰšǫ̬ڴǰǾеģǰΪԼڣΪκ˸ıԼľֻ֪ҪΪЩ𽾰Щνԭ򶼲ֵһᣬΪκ¡
ã߻ذɣ˲
Ĭţãõ𣿡
õֻǿ׵Ļظլ£СĲ֪
УȰ֪㲻Ϊ˿նڹﲻ춼ûϢ˵а취أ
ҲаɣӦеġûʲôѵ֪Ц£ģ˵ֻ̫ˣ˵ͺˣġ
콪Ʋ׺Ż˼˵ϻ̫࣬Ӧ취ʲôʱлŻ˵׼ｪ֪⴦СģûԹһʱ֪ˡ
ƲһȥûѾ˵᣺
̤Ժʱߵúܿ졣һǺܲãȻšһ߸ߵ̨ףĿƳʱҾô
ûлش𣬺Ȧãҵ𣿡
һûˣ԰յİеҲһֱûнչȻЩ£ȴܶ˵̫ڴ̡
𣿡׷ʣҪ
زеĹĲйأ
Ĭã˵飺µǰջġ
ɲ֮䣬ǰ
ͻȻ¶ҹ֮ƫԺ֪ԺΪҪӦӴ뺢ûаϵһһԭɫŰʱҲ
һΣҲ˱ۣ죬һһ
תҪߣ̲סͷˣܿ𣿡
ݣһ˫ڵ۾ףǴƬңọ̀תЩ
ԷĻʹ֪ӿòվڴǰڣӵҪ£ȻʲôҲֻĬĬؿţһ㽫ģ̽󣬿첽뿪
ϣڴƫ⣬˰ա
¹橶ӯ޹ģˡ
ûйĨǣ㻻ʲô
ɫ¹£һ䣬ɵЦݣҾ֪ء
л˵
Ӹ~


58 
վڽ, Ӹ£Űա
ӲڷܵӰϴŸɾЦݣ, кþòˡ
дճɬ, Ů˵Ľߣޱؿͬò, Ƶ, ϵ뽪ƣڵһʱᵽıζ
Ȣ˵鲻ܣֻҪģܴõ, 뽪֪֮䵭ķ޹ϵ, ֻҪ, Ҳܴõ, գרΪһö, ̵, ֻ˿룬ҳ𰸡
, бѰҴ𰸸Ҫ¡ۿŰգҩʲô
߽ûֱӻش⣺Ȼ˵þһֱдˣҿó, , ʵһֱܵˡ
ͷ, ׵˫Ŀܿʲôյͷɬ̬ԽԣҲһ˽ģ޷صĺΪ˰ûڣұŴ͵͵ҩˡ
˵ˣԲĵ۾һˮ󣬳֪ڵ̬ģһ
èϲƳǲڹ
Σûκᡣ
̫ˡմ߷Цݣϲ̬ԣЩúܣһֱߴˣ´˹ܲ˵
һ̨ףҩʲô
ҩǰҾ͸̫ҽտգգ޹۾ǼɫζƵҩģȻ̫ҽϵģô˴ˣʲô£
һ̨ףվǰ߸ߵһĨŨصӰѹڰռͷǸҩԡ
ԣվȵ΢˺촽ôܲԣҼǵúǼζҩѽ
浽ɻͷ̬浽飬Լı£֪˶ٹɡʱԡ
ô᣿ϵľԽУһܵİɣ
ʧȥġȻܣȻػۣűɱεƤܵȻֱӷѻὫȥһµĲȫңȻ£ֻķʽõ𰸡
޷֪̽ܿࡣ
ƽһ俴Űգҩʲô
˵벻˵ûϵֶΣһ֣ܹ˿졣
ղͻȻһѵ𣿡
ںһ٣ҪˣԶͻȻƹ⣬̫ˡ
ĶӽżƵĹŮͥԺ߹ʱЩ⣺ô
ſ˰գЦݱζĲˡ
񣺡μ̫󣬲μ¡
ʱʧǿץѾܣΨм¡
ͷɿ̫ߵǰ㲻˵Ҫץө𣿺ҵ㡣
ãȥץţӹŮϵɴָָĻԣ뿴Ǳкöء
Ȼө棬װ棬˹ȥæϣֻͷų࣬ȸˡ
֮Ա̫΢΢һЦһڹʮ죬ҲѹҹҪ࣬ҽ岻ʣһʱһҲ벻Ҳֻˡ
⻰˵ڲŰճˡȻѾǷŹǰˣ´δػѰᣬοҹζࡣܿ˾ϣЩҽŮ𻰣ռúܾʱ䣬̫׼
̫һ۰գתͷֿЦԽζ˵սãȻ
ɴ׽өİˣɿضȥ˻ӰģǺߣ̫ͷ᲻÷ȥҲðԧ죬ôһɡ
ٶ˵ȥԣܶˣ뿪ʱƳө΢⣬ңңĿͣһЦ
ƽС
Ʋ׶ҹɫϻܹ̫Ѿ˿ڣŵѰ棬żϢ߽֪⡣
ŵƣſڣʱڴô
ҵ·ˣڵϢƲ۾أ˯ˣ
û˯ڵ˳Ŀ￴һۣ˸װҽ룬˵ӦǰЩ̫ϵ̫飬ԲŻԣʱ˷ӣ̫ҽ˵ûʲô⡣
Ʋ׼ʵҩ𣿡
ûҡͷͷĴˣЩģԵſ
̫ҽԺ˿ûʲô⣬ȳſЧƲ۾ŴͷҪߣֱסҸһȥ
Ʋ׶˶٣֪ǲǵ棬üͷѹȥĸףѾдȥʾס
ʲôʱдģһ˵дʹã
£Ҫף˼ҵ˼
ͬ⡣һڷ񶨣ⲻһ˵£ϵң㸸׵ξΣʲôʱߵģ׷׷׷Ļдһ⣬㸸˵Ѿˡ
Ʋ׵ͷãҲ⡣
ˣӰ츸׺ͺЩҴӲ̺ͷΪԼıҲԾλаеĹҵԼƴģ˵ˣҲëҪֲĵģˣҲҪ
֣ѹͳ£ȥ˼γЦǡ
Ŵ֪Ǹ𣿡
Ʋӹһ˿ᣬ첽߽֪ӵű̺϶ˣʱ̧һЦ硣
Ʋù˱ˣ۾ã񡣡
Ž֪͵ٹ´ʳҪУҼǵʱס涼Ǽ۵͵ʱҾóٻǮʱһ˵ζ΢㣬ʤڱˣ·Ӧòġ
Ʋȥ˼ңǮϣúУһҡ
ǰڼʱҪ֪ʲô׳׵ļǮǸĳĥЩС£Ϊ
֪һЦҪӪӣþ;ѽҲкúʰ
һ춼ŴǺúġæΪ޷ȷ񲢲ҳҩֻʳΪ׮׮ʵǹԵۣ˱Ҳͬ⣬мĥţҲе㾫񡣡
һᣬ˸ȥʱ˼Ž֪׶ףȻٰ㲻⣬Ϊæǰæ󣬵ûʱڱʹУ֪˳ʱҪҼɢעźãοŴ󻧵Ů˾ӪҲǸõӪٽҲܶһ·
Ʋûٶ˵˱ûٿһǧ۾
޵֪ڵ¿ţƲװڶ棬죬һͽһҪǸƻİա
ĸյ빬
ϵʱ컹ţɨĹŮڼҲãɨɨ淢ϸ΢ɳɳϵĹ̫æǰ㻰ʱأ̫˼ƽʱîʰҲîˡҪôȽԱ裿
ҡͷֻţ̫վñͦһ˫׵۾Źڣɵ뵽˵Ͷϣû˵ҪȻ࣬ôһڹ۰Ͱ͵һҽŮ
ҶɨɾС̫ʼˮһɫ󼱴ٵĽŲ죬Ʋ״ˡ
ӴСүˡ⼸ܹ̫̫಻ҵŲӭȥܹܻûСүҪôȥȿڲ裿
ˡƲͣסӣͷĳʲô
̫Ҳ˵Һ룬ɾ˱˵£˵ǵӰգֻ̫ġ
˵ʱߵǰŽƲףôûкЩ
ƨ¡Ʋ˵
֪ҲΪҰ׷ҩֻµǶĿϸ˵취ͷ֪Ὣ
ƲûᣬȥһԺţȥԽ֪ѰĹУ粻
ִֽõֲһ飬֪ͽ˶ھгΨƲǽɻ̨֮ģǵط߾ʢǧʱΣȴ˭Ҳˡ
ٿƲƫӢò뽪ŵòҲͬ⣬Ʋ׵ĿԸߡ
ӴྐྵôˡЦӹڴ첽ߵǰǲɣҹգ̫ٵȵȡ
ƳƲ׳ŵ
л˵


59 
̫˵, ֪żˣֻǰղ̫˵, øཻ
̫˵, ಻Ҫܹ˻͵
Це˵Ż, óһСɵĽǰչ, ׹˵ˣֻҹʱûϣûü͸ࡣ
ĿӹлƳƲ, һ, ֪Լ, ȻʱҲܽ, ָֻǸҼסг
ǲʲôͻȻյ, ҹ뿪ʱշǻϲı, ͻȻôڣЩ, ©˷
֪ĲȲãþסաۿƲ׸ǰߣסܹܣһϢ
Ц, ۼһͷ̫, ҽŮи
ָ, վǰƲӭһǽȥˡ
ҲΪ˰յҩƲżǾ˵Ĳûɫ
֣ҪǸӵ𿪣ңǰӸĲ࣬ݸɣȥ̫ҽ涼ʲô
ʱӭˣµЩһֱڸʤ׽жϣʤӦûȥϣ˵ʤ˵ʱżżݡװһ
ǰЩ֮Ѱ˸£Ϥȥ̽ʤʤƽٳţΨһİñǸռϡҩģ˱ڸҩмҩţһȥˣʱһԾ˵Ȼ˰ʤϵ
ݡװ˺֮ץʤؽңаӥ֮
νӥǹһûдСҹżĵƻ𣬶Ͼӷʳˮҹֹӷۣ־ˣֻһȫСеһôֶΣǡ
ǣӦúܿܵõϢϵĻ죬յĲͻá
ץʤеú˳δѾؽңڶʱѾ޺ҪУȻİȴɲţ˿ûΪ˵ǵģ
ǸܳסģҲѹǰЩӼν棬ûܴڳ̷߽ʤ
ʤų̱ڵϼסֻ۾ú׵һ˻УҪʲôҶУһУ
ùˮڱϣʤ빻ֹţȲһ˿־Ҳ߽Ŵųˣкã
˿ڣûȥϣȥ
ȥˣȥˣʤˮȥˡ
ϵķһ֪ҲݸɫæˮŲһ㣬ʤ©ķһˮ㣬ˮ
ȥƽؿ
ȥϣȥСӾˣǵط˴ģȻǶ涾ߣʵܲ˾ˡʤˮˣˮȰɣˣ
زûбʤݣϼŰʤһꡣ˭ĵģ
ԽׯҲͱץȥˣҪҴŮʤѵ촽ǰգҰѰոһһ·ߣһʢԭһѰӪڡ
ԽׯǰκݣλװܽׯʮߣǰİգӦֻʮһ͡üͷ΢ѹʾˮŲԶЩҵ˰գ
ûңҵҡʤ촽ѿѪӣ㣬Һȿˮɣ
ţʱεأ
ǰںҵңҿׯǱΪǸׯȥģֲûסԼͷзӣׯҲûȥҹô£Ҳ˵ŮĴˣҲܲסʤ˵˵ţͻȻǰӵĴԣʱˣ˵ˣûׯǸׯʹѾͷûԵ£ǸƻŮأˣǧᣡ
ĿΣ
µǻ⣬˵Ҫʢɣֲںסһ࣬ͻȻ˵ҪҾʹһ˵̫ҽԺףҲûָ⾰Ϊײܣ˭֪׾ȻŪ̫ҽԺʤûţһʱҪˮȣˣׯûʲôǸɾģģԸɾ
סʵںʱʲô
Ҳ֪Ĳ֪סһƢӲúܣҲ
ôŮǰ׵Ů͸ׯӲʲôϴĸ棬ʵԺȿǰճ
ǵģôܲ϶Ҫʤȥ촽ҾǸץҩģ׬ʲôǮǮᰴĦῴЩ˵Ĳ֢ñҶ࣬һˣ˭һ
һ޿˵Ůӣ̶ʱׯѧ˰ĦңǮû
ûСʤܿǸҽŮбʶ
̧ۣ˵
ӦûаɣûʤһҡͷӦûУҴû
Ǿ롣
ǰˣʤˮŲߣʲôˣˣˮȰɣ˴ˣ
䷴˫ߣԸ
ʤе̫죬˵м٣ҲҪ԰ʤΪͷڳյʵ֤
ŷԸ̲ƣ̫أׯԽ˽̷ʤ֮£ʮ졣
ʱ磬빬л䡡ǰҪ˽£ͨл䡣ʤйΪ永֮ˣȴ˳Ҫġ
̲߳ΣɵͷүǸȥ˺Сļǵ̫ҽ˵ϻؿҩӼûʲô⣬Ҫ컹ãҪǸҩӸˡ
˵һȥ
ƽС
дҩݸ̫ҽɻ׵
дʱڱϿţǰ쿪ķֻǵ˼ζҩķûдģ⣬ſƲףϴֻǵ·ǲ
Ʋ顣ԵĻˣԵĻǰζһΣ죬֮ڡ
֪ùӿţСˡ
л˵
Ӹһ~


60 
, ʱϢ죬ܽơ
ֱ, ҩ, µն
װ, ա, пǣҲնӽҸӵʱ
ڻûϢסһֱױס, ʱ, ´Ҵذ, ﲻ
أˡ˵
Ҳ
ҩһֻ̤, תҪҩ, м, Ҫ£
ױǰƿһ, ͷۣţ˶ͣס
лΪ£ңô£ΣաΣ, лɻ᲻ԴΪ, һʹýҲòеĺӡ
վšǺ, ͬʱϵԼҡǣһȫлɵĿôǷסģκĲزЧķ

ƲµĻ˵һʱȥҰգ˵ҹ͵͵ȥĻᣬ̫ץ˸ţʲô
֪ͷҩû˵ȴ׳ֻΪ˻ҩȥҰգȻ֪౾ǱʱҲ˵ֻҲʲôᡣ
ʲô᣿Ʋ糿Σ̫ڴȤһ仰Ҳһߴհ׵ģһǰװǻƣʲô
֪ûӲ磬ҩݹǾ鷳㰴ץҩɡ
лҲʲôĿģʲôĿģҪתòܼҩû⣬ҩԼҵģҩҲѾǶ֣ڿɿƵķΧڡ
ܵԡ
ҩʱ併˵ȺһڣȷһҩЧ
˶ףҩʾ޶һӺҩǰȻ֪ӹҩ룬һ
ʣµʱĵŽʱ֪һ糣ƲһĻػæ֪⽻˼䣬æš
ȴǰ˳
վǰߵƵ£ŵµӰ̧ͷҩˣ
Ʋû˵ǵǰȥˣ߼׷ϣĿδɵġ
Ʋ׻ͷƨ£
һ޷ɿˣֹϣعŰɫĻµĺ
ҩӦѾˣƲ׷ɫ糣ڣӦû¡
棬棬ҲܰʹΨоڳյܣܱݡ
ϽΣ
лС鷿ʤĹʺЩ⣺˵տˣ֤𣿡
˶١úܽΨһʵ֤Լǻѽ֪ǣĿǰûС
л䡿һۣǰЩʱִԣѰЩԾԭ׮˵ķ£ࡣŵ̫ϲգֻǰʤŵ֮µĻ²̫ô̫Ҫˡ
ݷѾ̫ׯǴ˰Ҫ֤뵽£̫Ҫˣ̫˵ĵ
ȥ԰ɣлڴ˵Ϣ
ʱŵһŨصҩζⶼ¯ѰѬ㣬ҩл䡳Žţ̫ϣ̫ѨŸҩվΪĦʱ̫΢΢̧ۣôˣ
л䡿һۣ⣬æɫðס֣Ŵйˣ̫̫Ѩ̾ͷַˣѬ˰ҩҲᣬаѾͷҰĦӲ΢ú˵㣬°һ벻Ѿͷ
˵Ż̧ۣʲôô
лԽü֣˶٣Ϊġ
ｫʤӳϵ˵һ飬ֻ˰տлйϵ£̫һ¾ֿӺŮĵѾͷͦõĺô̯£
л䡼עȫɣֻ̲ʰʤһҪ֤ˣõ֤
أʤѾˣֺαΪѰѾͷ̫̾һŮεô˵޷ǾǡѾͷʱСֲӣ㰴Ҳͷϣˣ¸̲˵ˣʤҪôöãǣѾͷ
Ͼĸףƽ֮ҲǿΪ̫ѻ˵ϣлҲǿֻôӦųˡ
֮󣬰ԽڴһҲ뿪Ī˵ƲҲˣҲˣƽǱҲϢ֪Σûԡ
˺ʱŵĹлڶ쵽Է鿴ʱ˳ֵ̽һȥӴ߶
֪һжĲƽҪƾ֣ôӰ֡
תڵ죬̫֮գлɻع죬̫лĵ㣬ռ̵Ĺ֮Уһǰ
йݵĶǻӻݼȲ̷ܽֲߵ̫ԶͬĹŮƫţʱСڼҽŮԺȥһˡ
ϵǴС̫ʵԺʲôʱģô֪
·ĹȣЩͷƣԺйСӵſ˳ʱӵ˵ҲˣԺоȥ˵仰
ճţſһۣȻ˵ƫûжԶʱĿڹ̫Ƥӵ£յ£ӭһտͷֱֱǰҪʱ磬šסĸ첲ַ̧Ѩ
̧ͷϳˣ
תߣһɿӭһһҼסҲةӵˡѲãֽвƳ֪ȥˣ׻Ǳ߸˵˿ߵĶۿҪţճʱϵĽָѣһϢּ𣺡Щٵʲô
Ҳֻðˡ
ĵżеǵķߣָ˴ȣ֪һ·һҲ˹ǴţСʳȥة𣬰յͷ˽ա
̧ͷʱһ£վǰ
л˵
ҵԤաҳһŶ
Ȼʼݱڹ֮ʱԪޱ֮ÿ˴󽫾Ĵ
¶Ĺ¹⣬ڴ󽫾ǰ
󽫾ӻ
󽫾ӣҳۣ
Ƥ֮£ȨıӲĮģ
΢ϣסԪޱ֮Ƥ⽿۵
촽΢ţˮŮɬɿպ޾̬
Ҫұӻʲô
УŮ̧ۣ
ңУϵĻȨ
ЦһקԪޱ֮˽С
Ԫޱ֮׵ܵǻΪ˫ĳ
֪Щҹһδν޼ɵ
Ԫޱ֮ʪۣĮѵ
Ʋū㲻
ֻ֪
ɱ֮ʱ
ʮױ󽫾ӭȢ¸
Ԫޱ֮Я׸Цǰף
ǽɱļʿȴ˺
ۣĿ˽յϡ
ЩùҹĪļ£ŭ
˿ͻȻ˴
ԭ֪ʱ
Ѿһ̣β۲
εЦţһ統
ôôأ
ҵģֻҵġ
Ӳ


61 
ֳ, ߵͷʱۿǽڣ֪ﰴһ£Ȼֳһ, ة, Ӳ֪طûʱһ, , ɼײƳվǰޱ顣
Ѩţʱ˵Ҳ˵մæվ, Ͷһ޹ɻĿ, ɿ, ɫûһ˿, ȻǸѲĶ֡
ϢϣǰһƬ, ûдҲûбĶ, խܱյĿռ䣬һӾ;һͷ亹
ǽ, ܶǰļôûдСݣǸʪζƾôŬҲӲպݺҧס촽, Ȼǳ, λ, Ȼĺ
ôѾĻ
ͻȻһϤͻȻ٣ʲô𣿡
סһݡ
һǽ֮׿Դʿ䣬ϵЦеҲסʲô
УǰǼ̯ľڣ׼һû壬䵭ѾˣھͿˡ
ʱΪҪѨԭΪֻǷҽкȣԭΪûӸֻͨǳڳף
Լ˵˾ʲôһǽ̫չȫӽŲǽŬţ澲ĵһҲûУͺ񷽲ĶǻþƵġ
ǽ⣬һɻ󣺡ʲô˼ôе
ս̫ҽԺ̫飬̫ͻȻȥžڣ׼ȥɿڽͻȻ̧ۣ˫Ŀ粻׵Ԩ˵һְɡ
˵ңң͵ɲסһЦڸϷЦذɣԽ˵ϷԽˡ
ָܿƽЦеģûԵ£Ϸȸˣ̫󻹵ҩ˼ҵͷһֵЩҩҩʲôģ˿Ū̫ĲҶﲻ𡣡
תҪߣֱʿסΪ̫ΣȲ˵ʵǾ°ɡ
׾Żûü˵Ѿ˹ȥаյĹʣҲܽ᰸
ʿǰˣŻͷڿĩβձĻѺһָͮͮӡһعͷʱѾԶˣʿѺһûдСݣͷͺͺûдûζûУΨıڹ͵ƣôۡ
Ϸ̫ҽԺԺУǲôң׽ţó޹賯͢٣Ҫȥǰ
ûʿһײš
߳ңԸѲҡ
׵ļѾһʱ䣬̫ǰɭϹ֮ôò飬̫ҽԺضӦָ֮򼸸£ɵף̫ƽŵ̫ҽ
µ̫ҽѾһҧѧղδϳʲôҲû˵׵ϴѲ
̫ܽҽԺҲҪ׳
ڰʤй׽鲢󣬳׵壬հճչȻˣôƻԸ񣬿ϼ棬˵֮й
ðѶ׿յġʡΪ߽˵ˣ¼ɵһ£˷ˮ
С̫ЪŷְղˣѾͷأôû
ĵǱߣԺн˰׹æǰūƺ̫ҽԺʲô£׹ﵱʱ͸ˡ
Ѿͷû˵ʲôʱ𣿡̫ţȥ̫ҽԺʣʲôʱ
׼СƵʱ֣ѲԱˣи񣡡
ＱȥβӵµĳƽĶһأһ˿ʱһƱȫǰϵƱ棬мϻҩģȴϵá
׵ĿɿڴҲ֪Ҵû˵Щ
׵ٺ»ôƱʹӾ͵Ѻͳͳߣ
ʱҵŴ򿪣ˮײήҲױѺƻµĳѪ溬˪˻еƾ޾ݹѺ͢٣Ҫȥǰ㣡
û˵Ŀһתײſȥ϶ŵƱҩģһʱˡ
ǰհյĹʣҳģ˵СȫѺףǷҪ԰յĿڹ᰸
գģա˻ԩģղĻʹʲô֪Ҷвȣ
УǽǵİͻȻǰȥģһ䣺ղĻʹʲô֪Ҷвȣ
ҧŴǽҪûˡ
ʱ߳ҡ
ˡ̫֮ܽҽԺǸ˶ӣԭΪֻͨǮ£֪֮ЩЩùĵϸһ
̫ҽź͢մȾ󹬵˽Щ﹬֮ٲȨƻ̰ǮưЩĵ£һǣıȵãȫһ
˵¸ͷԺе£Ϊ˱סǰ;òĵǲ
̫ղʱͷˣҪţû˵֮ƽµ̫ҽҲţʶյԶĶࡣԽҶ
˽³ǰŽҩģҲǰŪã취ģһССҽŮطȥҲ첻ˣ̫ҽԺԺУ־ͷöࡣ
ʲô׷ʡ
Ҳ֪Ѷͷһηɫڴ֮ǰ䵭ûκαһʶ²ĵص㣬׾ץǸĵݣ岻ǰţˣ֪¹ϵش͵͵һţܴᷢ䣬Ҿ͸ߴⶫ
ûּͬۻۣ
ǰץסۣǼϱ۵ָ۶ϣײҽ̧ͷӭϳۣ˵
¡⣡ײҽŶ϶˵ǶŲס˼ûͷʲôͶɱڱͷˣ
¡⣬и˼ĵطվ£̧ۿ׵⣺ǰ¡⡣
̫ȣҪҩ𺦣ֻڱּĵط顣
ߵһʱ׷үֹȥˣ
ͣס½Σƥĸɥ֮УƵƵãĺļ
һԾϣƽȥ
ƽлɫǫͣ糿ʱ˵ϵΧǽãصع
ǽѣҹɽ֮ʯС԰ӣˮ·ҲҪȫ֮ǽԽչ죬æүţܿͺˡ
ĲЩ𣿡лʵҴ佣ٸ￴ɡ
󣬽֪˳ϴлɵݼȻҽ֮ȴҪлģлɸ񣺡ү
лæ񣬿°ɡ
֪߹Ҫ¡
л˵
Ӹһ~


62 
첽߽
˽֪, ף΢΢ۡ
ĿӴ˱ûܴƿŽŲ, ֻʱ, 㣬ܹ̰ѵõĻ, ࿴һۡ
ʲô£л, ʵ
̫¡˵Ż۾Ž֪⡣
ĵԵʣܾϴڳǰʱЩԭؼԺѾЩ⣬, °Գ, ɵȹ, Ӵƽ̹, ԽԵɣСۡ
Ʊ߬סš, Щ͸, ֮ǰֻǿȥ, ʱôҲ̲ס߽һЩ𣿡
Ƭ̾Ĭ̧֪꣬, һۡ
ûлش, ɫҲûʲôӶԹ, ֻǿһۣ漴תۡ
޲Ŀ⣬ƽ˼㣬·ϵİˣ¹ιķ磬ͥǰƮҶ
ͻȻ־嵽˼㡣Ը٣ЩϸЩܻеλõģǺǻǹлǶ⣬û˿ϵˡ
µģŬ͸һĲڲ飬ģҺܿܲ鵽
ֿ֪һۣǺ˵ʲô˼ȴѵǰƲջҩйأڲգ
ʣлɵֲʣлࡣ
ع񣺡¡
㷽˵̫ʲô£лɿŵüĿ⣬ǰ΢΢бȻʮֹע
̫ҽԺԺ̫飬Ŀôʣ۲ķӦ̫ްţҲǰ飬ҽйء
һжлµľ֣Ȼ£Ҫ֤ݣȷеģܹɵлϵһ֤ݡ
ʲôл£βȾǳǳĺ죬Ⱦƣô£
֪æҲվڰ
°ɣ޷лɵ֣ڱʹ֮ɱ͵ķȣ֪⣬񲻱ƽǰ˾񡣡
֪ĬĬ˼棬İӣʱ˵Ļмֲڣֻ΢΢Ƥ
ձЩĺ졣ǼϤǿģƤ׺ߣлȻ˵תĳ˵㣬ԼǺܲڡ
ɬǶʼɡлһİˣһ仰Щ仯˵ʲôʲôжǲɣһҲٷָˡ
ǰȫ̶̼֣ܿϲɬʱǶô£ûˡ߬ȭãȻӿһʱ侹֪ԼںδҪδȥ
Ǹףлɶ񣬡ΪҪô
ҵ˼Ŭڲ飬
ۣڵӿסлɣ̫ҽԺҽŮռ׵ͬıѾѺգʣþܸүһ
գףл˵֣̫ʴȣһ벻Ȼ¡֮¾Ͱ࣬ʲôչ̱ҡ
ʲôɫӦȷΪէȻ˵ĸʱ𾪺Ͱˣûбֳ԰յĹעһжȻˡ
ϢѾ׿ڸ֪׻С䣬ϵȴ˷룬Ʋǰ㣬лɲӲܡ
ڻǾˣֻҪһ˺ĿӾԽԽҲɲס
ǱǸл̧ͷԭ뿴ϵΧǽˣû뵽÷˺͹Щ顣
ǳֿǸ⣬ǫѷŽ֪⡣
Ҳվˣһִֻӷ֣ĿЩˡΪ̫ѹ֪Щ̸ڵľֻǱܵģԼƵģΪ˵Ĳѹ
ô⣬ֿƣǰȲϧģΪЩƣѹ
һɲǣԲλ࣬òվǰ޲طջճɻңҲܸɾЩ᲻ãߣ۲һϴĵİࡣ
ɣ˵ﲻؾ񡣡л΢΢Ƿ֪ͷ
֪£żһ̧ۣɶؿվñֱͦ񣬽֪תЩߣȻлɲҲˣǲһʼʱͻرˡ
ʱҲûʲôɻرܵģܲôӽȥҪţֻлڣ˵ֹ͢˽֮£֪Щڡ
л˵佣ȥΪɡ
̧֪ͷ̬ŵĵۣ⣺ȥɣʲôҪ֪Ҿͺá
֪֪ǿĲڣΪ£ĬĬˣǰҽȺܷҹĦһ£
֪üƳлվˣ߶ãҲûȥˡ
֮£ȥԷǱ̸ɡ
֪˽Уͷʱлɴų߳á֪֪³˲Բ̸Ϊ˳ϸп͵ˣڻУʵټˡ
߳ţż̲ס
֪лɴ˾Ϊ֧ߣȻҲܲߣôÿ϶ˣʵڿɺޣΪԭڡ
Լ¶ӣɫȹӵһǣһͿˣһ´֪ʲôʱ
л˵
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63 
Է, ֱ¡⡣
лɵ̸ûжٽչ⵽ԷķѾӽβ, лɰӲԶˡ
ӽлɵľٶ, Խҵ׽֮ԣڽ֪ǰǫ͹С
ݾӪ, ¸, Ʋ׼ѵõĺл䡵ұۣλҪһĹ磬һװ, лʲôٶ, ½Ҹӡ
ǰ, ˼
Ͻ, ĹɽƲ, ʼЩ, лǴصļ档л䡿Ȳ֪飬º, ƲҲ࣬ǰˡ
ֳ֪׽ÿ¶Ʋдţÿһ˵ĶЩճ֮, 󲿷й, ʱʱ˯, ʲôʲô½ָʲô
סš߬ŵֿʼˡǵģÿһţдĶռȫϲŭֶΪ
ʱֻİ·ˡ
ĴӲϧĳȥÿһţ˽Ʋ͸¶͢Ķ鷿йصĶӲ
ĬĬˣΪääս鷿ʱΪնľڷڰǰƽȻɫ͸ʶѾٲˡ
ƥͣþˣԵĴǣɿһƥڴϡ
޿ˡ޿ɷֱ磬ô괿ֿİ⣬ãûΣգ뾡ҵౣƽİĺƽӽԺŵȫ壬Ϊ
һޣƥɰˣص˼ƹص
Ʋ׶ѾԽ֮ĹעƲǽΨһһʢĺӣѾǰ̨齪ǱʱΣ罪Ʋײĸ硭
ȵķϣЩۡ罪Ʋײ磬Ʋ׶ԶõöࡣҲ硣
ǰ̫̫ңϿʼˮĻ񣬰׵ôĿ罪Ʋײĸ磬ǡ
ɬüҪȴѵʶûκʸȥѡߵ˴Զõö࣬Ƽ壬ôɬ궼֪Ҫά£޷Ƕ˺
޿ˡֻڣֲ
ƥڱǰͣסµĽݽ⡣
뼫˲佻յ۵ס˷͸⣬ڼҩнչ𣿡
Ѿһʱʱ£ָЩࣺ»ûУ¹ٰɫζƵҩĶҳһԣҲз֡
ĬɫζƵҩĺֹмʮ֣ǧƣҪҵȷ䷽ܡ
̴ùҰ﷢ֵҩģϵЩҩʲô𣿡
ӹڱӸǰţҲսΣѪӣ⼸ϲ̫ѪЩһеĶ˵Ҳҩ
ͷˢһҩ𣿡
ԿһۣЩò׼ɫζУЩҩֻϣҲֻҽϼ˵ʮְա
ϵҩϴȴû˵ʵ˵û˵ȫʵùҩϻ첽뿪
С
Ʋ׼лңڳһʥּʳȥʻ
л䡳ţΣԭˡ
Ц£ްջҩ£˰۱ʲôࡣ
ȥ˳ңǳΪ˼ҽлһ档Ʋ׵£þֻ뾡Ӱʳʵҽóá
ļӦ㣬лбαϣʱĸǰƽʱ˼ǫͣ˼ɢó£óѶͽɣǸѲúܣ̫Ҳ˷һֱҪˡ
лЦһССҽŮô̫ͣ󼸴ҪˡóȥӦɣЩ£Ӧ
Ʋ׼ɳõĲȲã
Ȼ£㣬ô£ֻᾡľΪβһֱɰձ棬Ĳܿܺˡл䡿һۣ´ȥʱעķӣһ̽̽ڷ硣ϴһ
ƲȻٰ㽹ҲֻӦʵôˣ
л֪ڴӦȥлɺ죬Ϊ˵ĳŵЦһôϳԿް£ͷҪˣ޴Ӧ㣬ôڣᱻǣ
еɻ󣺡ĩˣôϻȥǸԶ㣬̫һϵˣ޲ģ춯ҵĴʱܲøװɣ
Ʋ׶˶٣ȳòˣ̻ȥ
лҲû취ѽõǺãø磬ŵҲҲһ
ô£治ĸ硣Ʋ׵£ˣָ䡣
޾֪㵫¾Ҫ͡лҡͷ˵ɣҪʲô
ƲЦ£ǰ˵ɡ
»˵л䡰л£ֲĶ䡣
ة
Ŵ򿪣Ȼսǽǵİʶصͷת۾̼ܵ
Ƭ̺۾Ӧ˹תͷǰĳûʲôģһۣ漴߿
ǰ⿪Ѩȥչ˳ظţһǽ֮ңҲƻ𣬰ڰþˣէȻ̼ᣬ۾ʱѾйˡ
̧ۣǰָӡĹʣϰżϻӣװĶҩģ⼸ϵҩ˵¶ġ
Цͷţ·ЬͰ͵ģЦǰĸɾΣҲ¶ˣһĶΪãôܶԷ¶
Ҳ˵Ƕ˭¶Ũڵ۽΢΢һô֪Ƕ
Ƿ˵ĲѲµ΢΢ŴʵӦøлңһҩӷ˵ĺûˣ˾ͳû˻ᣬû÷ԭء
ò˵ǸƻĶ֣Ѱ˼򶨡ҩʲô
ϴ˵ǼζҩѽɬһжΪ˴ˣѵ𣿡
̧ۣûʲôġ
ҵȷʲôҲûҲ޴𡣡һ޹󵨵£Ҳ޷ǰĽˡ
ٶ˵ȥն
ճһȴǲŵģеƣѵһֱϲȻܿ죬ʿϣ£ŵһߵɪɪ
ճţų»ȣûУͥУûУ־ٵûУ£ոеˣˣ˵ĲԶˣ


64 
һ̽ͣ
ûôס, 䵽յĲѪ˳ŲһԵŵһˤ˵, û˵, ʿߡ
˿۵ģﻹе, չǽͣ, ŵƣɱ̸̸ܸ
жϲûдƺԽʵŽ֪ʱָìܵ, Ͷġıԭļƻ, ܼһ, ﻹ˵, ȫԴǴ׼ȷжϡ
һó̽ģڵ˻, Ե, Ǳеöࡣ
ߣĬĬﻮżô˵, ȻûмʿְǼ䰵ңϢš
ٴֲָڣͬ־ѹǼӱģǰ, Ϊһֱڴ, ڴͻȻ, ֪ΪʲôôҷݵؿͷĹ⣬ͷķ⣬ٻԽ
ҧ촽ҧóѪŲµѪȵζܾ֮ǰͬʱ˵ñصö࣬Ѫˣûˡ
ٺݣҲݲĹΣܰȥ
һŴڽ²ųĿģﻮŽôӦԡ
ױ̳ңǰǰ˳Ѫģ߶µվס㲻ɱңңǳ͢١
û˵Ӹţڵ΢΢һƳ
ױ֪ܡձʹö࣬ղ˵ɱҪɱοһ֤ȷķ١ͨһˣ࣬ˣʵʲôˣǶͬŵķϣҴǰһֱΰɣ
û˵̧֣Ѽϻӷϡ
ϵãڰϻӣװȫ⼸Ѽҩģ˵ҩ˴Ūҩ
ʱ󣬳߳ҡ
ЩҩȫһҩĲϡ⼸ڰգȲҲģ˽һֱֻʮֽײȥͷûŪΨһֵϱйء
ְּҩζϤҩġ
Ϊ̫ҽԺԺУʮϴϤҩûǧҲ߰˰٣ϵҩζǳİȫֱ治ʲô
׻˼켸ҹҩҩȫһ飬ڳиҩѰңһҩҩ﷢һζԴڹϼҩĶϣȴǶˡ
ױҩ֣⼸УѼ˲صҽ飬ҩһЩ֪ⶫڹƳ࣬еܵɶҩɱΣµǣЩܵƷ֣ˣ˴Ӵ˸
ľ°ջֻ˽вһնҩôӴҪĿˡҵѰص鼮ҩģҽļʵ飬ڷһϵζ䷽
Ѫӡ֡¥һ˵֣ҵ䷽ǲбֻȷ⼸ҰűζϵĺƣȫһֻҪ⼸ζҩ֣ӦҵǸ䷽
˵ˣ۰Ͱ͵ؿųˣ֪ȫ˵ˣǸŮвȣҲ㽫ɣ
ӵģԾ䵭ûκɫЩҩƱˣ
еʱĶҩ붨ڷýҩơ
ҩʱʲô֢״
̫£ûв˿εòܺõĽƣ˵ͷѣѪ޷
ԣ⼸ֲ֢Сס񣺡ûԵģ
ûС״
úܿ죬ԥжû˵ѣԷģ漴˸Ŀ־壬ǣôĲΪʲôܿ˵ҩ㻹֪ʲô
˺ܾãҡҡͷ֪Ķ˵ˣЩˡ
Щ𣬿֢״ô¡ֱĲضйءǾٺú롣
ʿǰѺǼηﲻܳԲ˯ʱ̱ǿ۾ĥ̼ˣ׷Ұɣˣһ˵ЩҩˣǵѪһ
һ֮վסŲôһ
û˵˵Ѫڳˣˣˣ׵ײײǰˣ̫ҽԺǾֻϰЩҩҰɣٽǼ̷ˣһҳյܣ
û˵ãȥͨη
˵ûʢ˰պĻʹӦֻ˽ҩ
״ߺǰѯʣǷգ
ٵȵȡ
ȻһҲ̣ȻʱգʶļУ԰յĽƻض߳룬ԽԴڳʵ۲պǼ䰵ңٰһӣ״ݻߡ
ʤԸ
ȻʤϴΰԼժúܸɾŮոıһ࣬ʤûκ쳣
Ҵ򿪣ȵĹкʤ̱ϣûûˮѾ䵭ɫճʲôҩ
ʤմһ֣ųٶ۵ľ⿴
ƲǶԵģʤһ֪վſڡˣܿˣιЩˣһҽ
԰У֪ɽµ£̧ܴɽ
ΪͨˮԵʣΧǽѾȫƽ￴òеܴɽʱʮջȫ£·໨ݣһֱͨɽͤͤһϸϸɽϪ̫ʱʱ˸
ƾӯŻڱѧ˳Ŀ⿴ȥʰ£˵ǸŵȻ
ȷǷţͶг˻ӻȻĹһִ˲ѹȡ֪ΣҸ˵ɥĸ֮ʹ̫֮ٻװ
ԺҪһھˣƾӯЦ˵ʱǲǻùȥأ
ƲײѾ꣬ûм檣û֣һŮҲõŵأ֪أҰȥҲüֻ֣̫ˣȥĻûȥ
˵һﱧ߻ȥϺˮԵģƾӯŽ£ǼѾȥճˣǸǮǸߣߵԶ˷ֶˣ·Ҳ³£֧ǿھǸķΧʱ֣ܵýһ
֮ǰ֪ճ£ƾӯҲÿУ˰ͷܻǮճɻƾӯ˼ɿʳӣǰѾ
֪⵹ںǮϲǣԴӿʼӪӣƾӯϵЦԶˣǰЩӵһ롣
ЦʵΪʲôҪ죿
ΪʱƲӣȱʳʱ򡣡һ
֪䲻̧ۿȥԷǱһ˺ϱĺϻ£л˳


65 
֪æ, Ҫлɵ֣º͵Ц⣺˵, ǰؾ񡣡
һԵĻƾӯҲֹס, վԭΧǽԱߣϻ̵֦Ҷһɫ֮, û߽ԭ, ˵ڳﻮô
ʿụ̃ͣԹ˼һ㶼Ǳտڲ̸ģοлݡ֪Щ̹Ȼ̬, ǡ
ǻ˼, չ, 괺ȥɽ紵, ϻҶҡϸĹӰл, ˼, һʢһ, ֮⣬Ҳϲʳӣⶫֱ࣬ȻЩʤ󡣡
֪Խ, ̷̹֮Ȼ̬Ѿټ, ˵ŵ, Ҳʮ˽⣬û壬ҲЩ̷֮
ɵÿлһۣվţ̬Զ·̸۵ĲǮ֮£ʫ伮Ƶġ
ƾӯһչԭͼ󣬵괺ȱʱȥֽܱ֤˰յȼüֳ֮˼ҶǲģһͨΪӱˣȷʵл˵Ӧøæһ񣺡л㣡
ض񣬡л΢Цֻ˵ȤҲ˵һ䣬ҵģǵɡ
ѽѽӤ̸л˳ȥȴǻ˵ģǣлɶ˶٣Ŀ⿴ССӤǿɰ
ܸоİ˵ĸעСȾҪǰգﲻȥæƾӯߣûģŬСʹֻŤŤ
ƾӯæֽӹţߺţСԴŤͷȥлɣлɱҲŲԶľ뿴Ŀ䣺޷ɣҲΨôСʱ˼ɣҪʧ
֪ƽЩ˵ζ˵ȵҪлɰΨһĶͽиǺӣزˡ
ƾӯԥţ»̳лɸǰȥΧǽԭĵطżȨָһֻһִֻӣȥקлɵ·
лЦʵ⺢Ӷˣ
ꡣ
ʮµĺ·ôˣѵáлɶкŵЦ⣬ꡭ
û˵ȥֻ΢ЦſŻȥӣŵ壬ǿ壬۾ȻһĨɫҡͷβ鶯ú棬ֺСקŲϷţлɽ壺ȥɡ
߬ס忩ЦƾӯһæƴǣлɴߴЦʲôصĶúɣѵϲ
ڻԱߵͷӣȥΧˣ¹˿˿©£ʼնݵЦ⣬ûһ˿ͷ֪뵽ӻڵʱһǸøװɡ
ү¹лɶ˵˼仰лɵͷվЩ飬һ
֪ͻƾӯĩĿͣڻϣƷˣ⺢Ժ棬Ǹ˵һӴŹСѾûйڸ̵ˣġ
»ͷת뿪ɽ紵ɫ½󣬽֪ѽѽҪ׷ĽɵЦǲ
ɲƾӯεЦţҲͰˣƫ£ֵμˣõ²ûй
𻶶˵ӣҾÿУһͷ꾩ӵ·ߴǰûŪʳӻһˣͻȻҵƺһͷҴ̡
ɿ˵ţʮȣʮǰʮѹ䣬˻ʲôҲ롣֪οţãһͷҲʡ
ƾӯ̧ͷͷɣ̫ˣɹ㡣
ǲǸ̫ҽôû
ǰǸһˣûٷҲǲôڡ֪ƺæÿȥżҲЩɡ
ٵȵȰɣƾӯţһм
̫ҽԺСֱ̯ҽ飬ϸϸңʦ㿴Ҳһ
չƵֽϼ֣ãѪڳˡ˼ţʲôڳˣ
ǽ׼ҵҽҴҷһ飬ҩѪڳˣôڳˣûҵ𰸡
ճҩԥţҲԴֻ֤
ֻҪ飬ҪȡѪβ˵Ĵ򣬲ǹ֣ôѪȵ˭е²ȥ֡ҲԥβŵȻͱɣҲ˵ô졣
ʦͽһɫȻӦոȥģҾˡ
ΪͻȻҵȥ˱⣬æŲҽ飬һɶæʰҩ䣺ʦȹȥһˣȻټ
ʱвӣŴ·ţؾʲô˸ţûüͷǰһڣͷϱʲôסˣ˱ˤڵأϽ·ߵС
ҹʱʤ˱ղѪ˿۾
һֱŰʤ͵͵ҩʤרҩĵҽʿһʤҲ˰Ѱҩζں棬Ҳڶתķʤ˽һֱڲյ׳ʲô
ͬһܵסţҹ̽˿سԵ϶еҩġʤѼйϵҽ飬ҩгһԱȣҳϵҩζӽҩ
һζҩģȻ޷ȷ
ţָߵ֡
ҩǸ£ϲһ㣬Чþ֮ǧ˿յ졣
ҩѪڳˡһʤҲֱӵķӣǲյѪ⡣
ҽߣ˵Ӿọ֣̀ǣ˾ӦοΪ
ֻҪҽ֮£׹޼óҲǡ
ˣǰлҵֿʼˡ
лҵ꣬Ǹ̿ͷĿĵطлɱָ򼸸еˣһֱûдݾߣΪľصˡţ֣Ϣȥ˵պתȥ̲ŮΡ
Ҵ£ǰʵǷգ
ٵȵȡ
󣬻Ե̫ļջӡǼ䰵пӿף۲һֱû˯˯ܺڷյĻٵȵȣʱ򣬰ƣʱ֡
ȫ£¿ϣ۾˯ţ뿪˯߾ͳ˲һţЩٿЩʱҵҽķӡ
ǰŨĺڰУҵϢ򿪣մӽ̧ͷƻͨվǰȡѪ
л˵
Ǽڿ~


66 
ճһ
û뵽ôɡûɱ, ΪĵȵģȻһֱڰʽȻﻹϣ, ⽪֪, ðա
ֿ첽ǰǸɹɱ˹, ǯƵһšһ߬, ˫˫Ŷ̶סãۿѩĵϴգռеˣϧ, ѵϧ˵𣿡
ĵƻгĮգҩİʤѾȫй, ˵Ѫڳ, ô, ҸȡѪڳˡ
մһ
Դֱ, ë, ǿŵľҾţôҲ޷ǰ侲˼
ʤ, ʤѽôˣרҩĵҽʿҩıһڣ㹻ҳҩհյ˼, Ѿ㹻, Ȼ֮, ף׻ûܷס
ѹסɱ˰ʤɱǸһһʱðʤںһֺ֮ڶ 
俴ѶľջˡѲĶֵһ¶Ե콫ҹδƣʱ˼ѵʱץסʱ
ƽɫ֡
ȰٺֵһȵѪζյɴ۾ϽѪʿñ룬ԼȷֹûкУ˵ĺ䣬ǰţǰƾܻ棬Ūˡ
֮£˼ά࣬մǺġ
ۣ¶һĵЦĹ޷ǰĽˣʲôûֺαĥң
̲ȷ򶨶ˣ˵־ۼϲ֪Ŀ־壬ӦøŲŶԣڣȻЦˡضﱻȡѪķӣһֱţڹµ֮ʼЦ
ѪڳˡѪ⡣ҲһѪ⣬Ҳض֮ͷѪѪԴ֮ˮȾ΢֮ԪҸŮӹ
׽˰һŵľţ̫ƣѾǰܺõˡЩ
֣ɿգѪ˿ģţյײײˤǽǣôңѵȷ𣿡
ģˡͷѪվԭأĮĿǣνұҲΪ˾Ҹ֪˭
Ļһʱ޷ж١Ĺ۲죬Խ֪ģʱ̫򶨣鵽жôǰĿϵˡջɫǴ鰮λҵ˵Ҫ
ŮӺܿϵŰգദûоˡ
źϣѵĹȵŮӳյȹţвͣجΰĻ棬İСķ䣬˺ȹ֣ȣۣкܶѪ
С˺ռһŮӱˣˡ
˴ȡѪ⴫
⵶ˣմϢţȵĻʺѪ⣬Ů漴ɿ
뿪ֹϣٴڰѪˡȷĲں֪ôѪôöûһ䣿˼ȫڹҵ֮ϣ׹ǳֹ֮͢£ץڹ׹ߣ㹻Ǵһ
ٲ˿ڣѪģкܶû졣˻ˣ࣬лҪ˵
û˻ش𣬳Զˡ
Ǵܾԭŵİеδδ죬ѪڵϣһһԽԽ䣬ٲģţҲҪˡ
ǽ⣬̽״ˮ©δδ죬һվţȡѪĶ֣˿ٹһӾ̣ˮ©վͻΪѪһֱ
Ŀ־ģպܿͻֻҪһ
ˣЩѪôãɷֻ֣ȫ֪֡
ЩҩĶжʵ
ǡ
׽ֻιҩιѪű̵ѪʲôӦ
ʱһȥ߸΢ʱҴˣֻιͷѪ󻹻š
ԣͷѪǽҩ
ա
СʶڷɿʧҲǣ۾źڰģġ
ͻȻˣ߽޳ǶںڰУ
տڣŷּ˻Ƶƿķ䣺Ҫʲô
ȣվţ䵭ͬ壬ҩġ
ѪǮǮԽԽٶ۵Щǲ˵úúϸ¥ǮĻ𱺸ĥۣѪƳҩҩǾ綾ΨͷѪͷܲ
ʤ˾ζҩģΨûѪۡع÷Ҳֻù֮˲֪¶
ҵѪǶڵϴϢţⶾͷѪ
뻻µռԼѪ֪ܺãлҩͷѪ߬ȭڰвû˿ҩЧάֶã
һ¡ڴ̧ͷˣûˣֻǰĽˣΪ˲÷˸ϣԲԴвҩֻԣ޺
һ˲˾ҩãЧ
һꡣջ³ͼʱ̫̫£ΪϾͻʧȥжϣֻΪĽˣԭҰɡ
γ׽ⶾ
˵ĸԸļѪȫˣҲСЦȳһѪôĸԸء
ҲôԽ֪⡣ҲҪӦòӦĸ飬ֺαԼ
ںڰгĬվšƽ˼㣬հ׵ɡĸԸġӰǰʼֻĸԸΪΪ
ת⣬ƿţƻյۣԼѾ̵˿ڣ䵭
ջûţ֤˵Ļ
߳ңҩĬдݸҩȸʤ׷á
Ƕҩǽҩܿн
ѾϷŰףվ£Ŵֽ͸⣬ֱͦż
䷽棬ҩ˶ڡ
£ֻһ
л˵
û뵽ɣҾȻӸˣҲû뵽~
ڿ֣ôô~


67 
վܴɽ, ŴΧǽӣһƽĻ԰
±ʱΧֳ룬һȦᡎ, ͷͨˮ, ۵ھһĵط, ʱ紵ݵ, һˡ
ʱҲںǰûܽȥԷԽڹˣǷ, Ҳ, ܹ
, Ҳ²ݱ΢İ, Ϊȥ, , ֮ǰܼǵģ
վںϻ, Ƕܿ԰̨ͤ¥ܿ԰Ĵţû˹ҲΧǽûòԵʡ
ص, Ѿļ, ȴѹн꼤, վںϻ¡
֪лҲվط֪˵֪Ұãˣ϶̾ܿ
̫ԽԽߣ԰ʼûˣʲô
ǰһֻ־ģһҵʱ򣬽֪ȥ԰ߣʱ£¹ʱɽҰ߶ӺķףȻûдӦһҲ϶Էʱ극̾ߣؼҺȥ鷿һڷ
ʱ䣬ڼʱҲӲһȥĿ̱϶ֹע϶һһʱ䣬ˣȫעʱ䶼˫ַϸҪˡ
ɽ紵ϻƮҡŵͷվšڣʲôûпܣż
֪Ÿ𴲲ãڳ緹
ѾԻǰ룬ԽöѾԹˣ߿ԣ˵ŻԺЩɣеĹػҪеģȻ˿Ц
ЩԺߣһ£ҲܶԼڣҲкô
糿ҿ˯û㣬ʵӦýŶԣ񶼳ʱˣٹһʱҪ緹ٷ̫̣ȳԲֲ࣬
֪˳شҼˣЩ𡣡
Щ⣬ԭ糿ĸ׾Ȼûн𴲡ǵôǰڼʱî֮ǰǱ𴲵ģĸڹͷϸˣĸױضҪ飬д֣ߣȴΣͷһء
ĸף˯һɡƲ׵Զһգ۽ݡһͳŰ£ʱһȵϹԱ£׷ܶ˯һһ緹ٳԡ
ҪΣܹܲʱٳ԰ɡ
ҲûʲôԼˣٳأֻҪⷽСƲϵķʳŲһңԵ
˵ĶʲôԽΣȥҲЦ
˭ЦҴ졣ƲùһӣԵ⣬
֪ԹԵسһڣӲŵҺۣ𣬽ƲæָҨһڵסȥæɣžС
Ʋӣûʲôæģ鶼Ūˡ
Ϣȥ˲֪Ѿлɼ档лһͼɺϴһֻ˵ǰϧĲŸɣԸύѣֺСĹȻš
̫ҽûȥʣʲôʱǲԺǰ
Ҫĸ˵¡Ʋùһַڽ֪ϣⳢСĲˣԳԿϲϲ
Ž֪һڣ˺ϲϿζ˵£һȥ̫ҽԺʹûȥ̫ҽԺǱ˵ҪǼҲûؼң񼸴Ҳ֪
֪һæ¿ӣǳʲô°ɣ磬ȥ𣿡
һˣ̫ҽԺǼҵ·ң»ûϢƲ׿һţ˶٣û£һˣܲܶˣҲȥ˰ɡ
֪ҡҡͷ̫ҽŵúܣ˵Ҫ϶ǣֵڼҿŪҩҲӲȥġ
ȥôϴôȥ¥žƲЦ£ְ²ٸᣬֻģٶȥңϢ̸㡣
֪ҵ磬ûټǴӾ̫ܵҽĸԭΨһŸ˾סӷƹŰ壬ʦӲ߶ʱ˲ˣ˭ҲҲ
ƾӯ֪Ҳ˰ȥңΪż¶㣬ִŻˣٵƹİɣҲ񰡣̫ҽԺ߶һ·Ӳ˵нٵġ
֪ⱾģƺοģѲ֣һǸŴסţûз˵
ǾˡƾӯüʵĵһٵģǸӹŰһǰͽͻˡ
˵ѽѽţʾҪȥ棬֪Ҳûƾӯȥɢɢƣȥأȥ԰һɡ
ƣ΢΢ţȴƾӯãȥҲá
ﱧŻǰͷƾӯţѹǻӻȥ¥
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ϴε룬ܾù죬ƽŰ壬ôͻȻȥ˹ݣžҲϸʣҲֻɻšһ˵ʧ٣ʶشȥ¥ңû뵽ĸӵģ¾ûһ˵
֪ҲЩ죺Ҹһֱң̫ҽԺǱҲңӦÿˡ
ûƾӯӦ̧֪ۣԶŴ֪˳ĿȥɽŴϻ£ݵζ˶
Ѿ˼ʱվ÷飬ʱһЩʹıסӣ⡣
ڵȵˡԶԶľ룬ݿò̫δȫãԽģģһһʣȫģ
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⣬ץӣûǿԽ⣡
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ģ֪⻶ϲ˵ЩʲôǱߺòã
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ԷУץӡ߶Ǿޱ̫ŨܣڵסգӰ֣һӿ϶֣һ뻨ԣ۾
뿿Խ?ʲôҲסӣ嵽ߣеĻ˵ӵ谭ؿ뿴øЩ
ʲôҲѾ̫ĵ£졣
⡣͵ͻţ⡣
Һ㣬ӵ㡣
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Ƽ岻ˮҪȸֱҪˮûʲôζǶϲȵġƾӯЦ㻹ǵëģ˵ˣǱ߲ڼңû죬翪ʼʵʵˮˡ
Щɻ󣺡ûиƸд𣿲Ӧð
ûأ֪Ҳ֣Ҳʹ磬˵ûյ
վڻ©Ŀ϶Ǿޱ᳤֦ڼͷĻӳձߣԶԶţһϸŮͼȻõĻʦܻϵ֮һһ۲գؿţôôãʧȥõĶʧˣֻʣһʬ
ʱܹһȫٲģʧĵİˣ΢ɷ򣬿ڲںˣûκλᡣ
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ͷʸ磬ҲѾյء֪
£ͣڻƾӯͷ֪ڻƾӯ߱˱ɫӯ㣬㻹ǵǴǰԼ֬ӵ𣿡
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ǰˣƼϿ֬ķӣ˵Ҫָ֬ƫõ廨Ÿռһ磬ʣµĻǶ䲻ƼǾޱøõ廨ֲ࣬Ǿޱȥ¸ߣȤҲ
Ȼûɣ굷òϸ壬ĻһһɫҲԣֲСĴ˹ӣསõǣǼͷ·ȫȾ˺죬һ彲أһֱʱǡɽƲڼңͷΣҲ˵Լ棬Űˡ
֪һЦѽ˰͸硣
ĿԶţһʱ˽ˣֱĽ˳Ĭ
ҪϻǱȥûӦ캬ţǲˡ
Ҳϣ⵽ǸССӤ
һɲ׻ͷƤϷ飬ֲţţȴ˵
ԭӤ˿ɰ
һ̣ޱʶԼµǶôˡôɰġӤôộҪɱĺӡ
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һ۲գؿšôᣬЦôǸĸףкӣһõĺӡ
ӵôˣǴŪˡ
ģп쿪ֱҪȥеⲻҪΣգ
ӴСĵ㣬ƾӯæ½֪⣬ӣǧӵƤֽҶģӲġ
֪Ҳֻðˡĺ뱧ȴǰϲСӣôССţô壬ĺӽ϶ͬɰɣ뱧һûء
ţ
ǰףǸֽ֪ȴ˵ģ۾ӯҲҪұء
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ӹţȥС˵أӴ̶вֻģÿӴ
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ƾӯתͰ͵һһ۾˼㣬ƾӯܲɤһӾЭˣֻһ£ٶˣǲӦġ
á֪æһ£ӯġ
ƾӯȷ»ŷ£鱧»
ŵ˼㣬ǶȿȥܿݵЩĺӣڳѺӱúܺá
źţ֣ǸССӤӵûúĶӣЦôϲģϲӡ
ֻһɲǣƾӯ˻֪ɶЦ˵ѽ
Ӥ𣿳֪̫ȱ֪ⷽΪõģõģӲ֪ģᱻôϲǻš
ƾӯŻСԴԼϣٳͽʵˣҲһĺ棬ٴЩ֪ôƤء
Ƴڣץ̽ҲƵƵǱ߿ƾӯǵý֪ķæһˣǻȥɣúˮˡ
֪ͷá
תߣ˻ź⣡
üͷ΢΢һ֪ûͣһ
ǧչ˺ԼĲ취Ͼͺˡ
Щٺ»͵鷿Ӱɡ
ĸ㲻õģһȥ˼֣˺úÿ㡣
鷿߿ǽиεİѱʱ˸㣬ǸǲҴӵ⡣
⡣
ԽԽͣõĳĬ֪ù죬Ϊʲô˵Щͺڽһ
ͷʱ԰׵ݱסֳɼڵͬԨ۾˵̬ûԽǼһߣû
ʱѧԸ
⣡ץҪߣ㣬ٿһ
һֲۣ֪Ҫȵʲôʱ˼ҹѰ߲ʳ˼衣㣬ߡ
֪ת
ܣǰԺţ⡱Ļ˻ţҲǴܾЩǿ
ôأӲޣĵģ侲Գ֣νɣҪԽ׵С
֪ûٻͷɽ粻ţɽƷɿӰãں滽⣬Һ㡣
֪Ųһ١
л˵
ǷӴٺ~


68 
۽ȵĶ, ڷܿ촵ˣİĸоģĿԽԽԶ׷, ׷, ֻңңţǰ, ͣס˲ӡ
ȥ, ϣͣסˣҲǿҲԸָһע, ֲԾطŶ, ɽ֪ûлͷ, Ż԰ŵķ, ϴһСɵҶƬ״׹ӣ׹΢΢, ƺڸ˵
, Ӱķ϶˽Ʋɫ۵һ, ԭΪͣǿ˽Ʋס
ʧͶʼͬߣݺҧ࣬Ŵ۾ؿš
ûлͷ, ǰ߽ȥ, Ʋȥ, Ƴ´ɫתɺ壬عš
ɫ¶ǰսŶһٻһƵĻ䣬ɽƺǺϲЩݲݵģճʱԺ࣬ﻨݶ಻Ҫó棬һ鷳ЩŵĻȫǨȥ˱ԺӣΨԵĹҰա
ʱĺܰ
żž飬۾ɬţšЩȻãһӣңһɽңҲǸΪˣٲϻˡ
أ꣬Ҳٲ뿴һˡ
֪šԺţһƲţҸԷǱ߽һǱٷ˽ǻ
֪ҡҡͷˣΪЩˡ
ŵ޷ССԱԳĵλлҲҪӣֺαΪЩŵˡ
ҪôԺˣƲ׽š
ûµģ֪ͷһЦԼأܲΪˣֵһҲҶߡ

ƲЦ񾲣۽촽΢΢ƺĵˣȫˡƲﰲࣺ´λǶ˸ţԷһ
ǰס̫ҽҵˡ
֪⻹ûü˵ƾӯѾʵ
ڳϻϣƲתһۣһ١
Ȼ˵Ŀܣ֪⻹ǳһô£˭ģ
ƾӯҲʣ˵ôҪҪ
˻ûѣƲ׿ԥһ²ŵ˳ץ˼˵Ļ죬˵͵ǡ
֪⾪̧ۣƾӯһһףҧͷ
֪Ҳû˵֪žӦΪϴ¥±֮ǰΪ˲ǣˣһڣҲ֪žôϢͻȻ֡
Ʋۿƾӯɫѿֵֵµ˺ݺݽѵǼ죬ûб٣̫ҽٰǴ»СС»ˣˡ
֪֪ô˵ǹ˼Żƾӯ˵׻ƾӯûиž룬žףͶòί
áƾӯ̧ͷ̫ҽ޹ģұҪž˵ȥ
Żɿˣ֪һûסæƲף磬ȥ
ãƾӯԶͣͷɷɫΨһ˫þˣҵ£Լ
δҴ뿪ȹңңʧڡ󣬽֪߼ԽԽģƾӯһһȥضҪžżǱߣȴæƲ˵磬ϽȥɣӯԿ
ӯ˵öԣµԼƲ׼üǵɫԱοͷģʹ˸常ţȥż̽ţðӯԿ
֪֪ΪʲôôšƽٽãһδˣȴòֻƾӯĻ£̾˿ҪǰڼҾͺˡ
Ʋ׵ۣЦ£ڼңҲӲˣб
ߣЩ£ֻܰӯԼ⡣
֪ͷĪһ˿ˡǰʶžǸ˵ЦɾԻƾӯҲ´Ľû뵽̶꣬龹ֵزѾģƫ벻ãʹǧú룬ף׵ĸŮֻ±롣
ЩƾӯһæžӪ̣ոպЩͻȻֳ£һΣضҪִˡ
ŽƲף磬ӯ취òã
Ʋ׵ͷܲõı۲ŵˮÿôÿҲܾá
֪ԾοʶҪжѣ벻˵£ʱ˵£οǾͷ˼ңοǣ˭⡣̾˿磬̫ˣǸ鷳
ôᡣƲͷ˿Ķ޷ݵΨһ׽ֲԽĶ۵ĿɬĻϲϲֻҪҪģϵǣҲժ
ҲҪǣֻҪӯúõġ֪̲ס˵Ц磬ֲСˣҪʲôǡ
ǰСˡŮϲϱˣ޸ˣ񣬻ű˵ĺӡɬǼٵģҲֻˣûܰݵ
ʲôʱʶ˼أǴʶػرܣٴݶǵʱ򣿻ÿλһ˴һˣ̲ס۵ʱ򣿻ִҪ޳ŭ֮ȥݵʱ
Ʋ׵ͷãȥ취һԸ
ã۾ضЦҿиڣҪȻ治֪ôźˡ
Ʋûбȴ˿̸ȷھеľȷģʲôҵʲôɳģеһжһЦʱϸظ˵Ż
Ŀ̫ң̫ױƲǿԼתۣģһֱڡ
ǰ̫ʣôȥݣܸдţֽдµĶǶԳİ⣬뿴޲˺ЩţȻò֪ô
֪дֽİⶼʱɱ˳
ǲѽƲ֪ĻӦÿЩݣ벻㣬Ҳ벻㡣
û˭û벻Ψ벻
ȻѾͲߣҪΨԶṼ
Ʋײ⣺Щû˵òᣬӣֻµΪˣȥе㲻佡
һ仰˽֪⣬æ̫ҽȥ
Ʋ׶˶٣ȥ̫ҽԺ㻹Ǳȥ˰ɣ㡣
Ǳǳĸȷ㡣֪룺ҪôóЩ̲ķʳ͹ȥûгԷʲôĿ϶㣬̫ҽ
Ʋ׿һۣźĴĲҩﶼ࣬ģ
Ȼ׻ǴӦóϣͷԹȥһˡ
һƣЩø˵
ƾӯһ·ŽӣǷţܿصɸ
żֵܶ࣬Ƿ޷СԺ뿴žһֱûžţžƽ鷿סš
ѻƾӯ첽ǰƿ鷿š
žڴϺСæȥ飬æ֎?Ц˵ôˣǲϼˣ
žƾӯվڣ
žע⵽ɫԣȻžЦôˣҿû㡣
˴ƾӯ
ž̧̧Ƥֵȥ˭Ϲ˵ԺŶȥˣ
Щ춼ץˣҪҪҴ˹ʣ
ž˺شϣ¶Цôʦˣ
ǳˡƾӯһ·ŭʱҲѹסǰһƾʲôˣ
ƾʲôƾ򡣡žţү£ֵһССĴָֻţޣ
һڣģүҴ
ƾӯû뵽˵ֻŭ˼㣺㣡޳ܣ
£㻹ˣ
̫ҽ񻹻ţʲô£ţ
үţžһôˣ
ƾӯǻŭƱˮͷ£˵ʲô
ˣžŸ첲ڴͷ֪è壬ǰܱȥԺ棬Ҷֺ룬ҹܹȥֻػôɣҹҤӣҲ䣬Ͱ͵ȥ㣬ǣ
ЦЩҰҲùˣôҤӣҹ䣿Ǻõúء
ҤӣҤӡÿ˵һ鶼ϣƾӯһģ£ĿڣûףﶼУأ
㻹ҪôžͻȻŭΪĻ𣿡
ƾӯŴ۾´ŭ߶㲻ϲҷˣãҰѾͷˣ˵׼檣ãҲûɣ㻳Ż꣬һ¶УãҲˣƾӯ㻹Ҫô
ƾӯĿڣĵĸоԽԽԡԣ˵ԣΪʲôֱ׳һŻҲ𣿡
˼ʱͨźأžظ죬ʲôûУ㻹ʲô֪ģһˣ檲Ѿͷ˻죬żȥҤ䣬㻹ʲô֪ģ
ԣԡƾӯ뷴־÷˿ЦЦҡͷǿЦһԭͬˣﾹôġ
ôϹۣûϳıĿء
žûЩʧǻĲŭûйЦŵô޻˵ˣ
Ҹ㣬ȷûʲô˵ġƾӯҡͷϹ
žһŭԶԶԣϹôûõɷûϸ֦֪ﲻűˣô㹴ĵģҹҤӣ
ƾӯһ죬촽ţܵط˵ʲô
ôˣҪһ𣿡žŸ첲ЦͷһƲףһûŵĺӣܣ˵˵ЦЦģýţ˭û⣿Ǹ湻õģֻ˶ٴʵͷϣɷ첲ƾʲôգ˵ûè壿ָǱô˻أҪȻ¶㡭
žĻžɴ۾Ҵңƾӯ㷴ˣ
ƾӯɷˮôģҴˡ
ϹۣʱžĿҧ֣žҶġ
û£žһƿ˵󣬻ƾӯײײˤȥͷĵӣֻǰһڣʲôȵĶ
ӯӯž˹û°ɣҲǹģʧ֣ӯ
ƾӯһģ߿ȥͷϺܿմѪִᱧӯ£ͽдûµģһ¾ͺˣûµġ
ѵʶƾӯƴ
ʱ֣ص׷ҩѾƺãʱǰ׺ͰʤͷѪͷˣ˲ûʲô״
ʱ̫̣˵ҩû⡣˼ţأǽ£й۲˵ķӦ
̫ҽϱ˴ƹڳϻϣ»ûѣ̫ҽæչ̫ҽԺ
üǴƹģ𣿡
̫ҽԺƽ·;סĶǺ˼ңѲֵʿȱ𴦷࣬ûʲô˻ѡƹοǸزģûһֵǮǮʱҲǱģЩ߷˶֣Ǯˡ
£Ѱ
˵ǽСүͻģСүʲôҲû˵˾ˡ
ƲסŻ԰ԶԶһƳϵ׹΢΢ζڸƲ˵ٴμɬ񣺡ȥ̫ҽԺˣô¡
Ӧˣ˹ƿ׵η
һָ⻹մŸ˵ͷѪˣǸҩҳˣ
˻ţһȿ޻ѿЦսƻúܣûô˵ʵģֻҩǶ
ȻҲΪǣԲûֱӷãͰʤҩģǴҩǶԼжϣǵðķӦд
ݹֽʣûнӣɬ촽ˣǶأ
ҽ㹻ãӦܾԼһۣҪʲôҩ䣬ùҩĶҪ¼ڲᡣ
ж糣ͷĿǰҩǶ
ת뿪ȥ˰ʤηʤͬûжļ󣬳ǰԸˣֽʼ¼
׺Ͱʤҽߣҽֶչϵǳѵҩѡû˵ʵҩǶǱضʹȫ±Լ˵ʵҩ棬ôҽߣ׼ȷĹ۲ҩı仯ʱٷãҲЩ·
ʱӭţˣջȥˣǷ˾Σ
ٵȵȡ˼ţлҵûж
ûУǱҲƽ
ǵǺܳס̰Űջη£Ϣ͸ȥ
лɳסȴδءȡѪǴΣϲûܵʲô˺ǰܿûʱͻȻԡ
һֱԣͲòҽΣܱյĻһƣлˮ㡣
գѾȲˡʧȥĵˣ׳
ͻȻһ£мٵĽŲ죬̧ۣȾͷƲ״ǵ˽
һ·С׷ͼڰ£Ʋ׽ţŨü˶
ĬţϽƲɱݵ
л˵
£ڿ~


69 
ֻʣ, Ʋǰһ
̧ۡط, Ʋ׵ʳ඼񽪼, ˵òƫ£Ʋϵ֮ѹѹס
ƲӭĿ, ɭ䣺ٸȥɧ
žϡ꣡ѳ롣Ʋۣ´Ҳ
һԲŨü, ӥۣͦüǣǷ죬Ӳǣ˵дϡ̨
Ʋѹü, ̧, Ŀд˾衣
, ̨, סÿһϸ΢ı飬ؾʱꡣ
оλ˼Һӳʱ, չҪɹŽ, ̨̫ƫƧ鲢ô, Щ鵱ʱľҲȱʧԲûҵڽƲĸ¼
Ʋ׶Խ֪Σ֮顣ƽô궼ûӣǲ֮, ƲǳΨһĶ, ٳٲܲϳ
ƨ¡Ʋִ˵, 赭дһ䡣
ȷװ֪λвƽ£ֻнƲһӣ벻ӣľλǽƲ׵ģ罪Ʋ⣬һ͢ǣ֪⡣
ϸϸŽƲסֳųȳ˸Ϊ׳ƫ˳Σôǽˡһֱӡ
罪Ʋ׵⣬ԽͣӵĿѾСǾҪӽ֧ѡж̵̣ǸĸãǸĸڣⲻҪģвͿ¼УԹ̸ĸġҵŮӱѣҪ£ϼѡλмǴ£һ⣬ͷһǣ
Ʋս˵
ۣǰɫɱ⣺˵ʲô
ھУǡ̧ۣΨó͢벻㣬ûܹκε㡣
һѽƲ׵ǽô꽪ҵĹ֮׽ˡ첻ӣΪ֪вǲ֮ƲӲ̼Ϊ֪Ψƾ汾ǰ̣һʲô̸еĳ롣
ƲײھУܷҲܣһǳ鷳⼸лýƲףȻʱ꣬ҪΪãһսĺͳõӡǴˣ֪˵ʲô
Ʋӥһ۾ɫĪ⣬յķͻȻ죺̳ˣ
ȥż̽ϢױƲţױԣƼүѾϹȥˣżҹŲ˽ѹȥ
ԣƾӯһլŮӣʲôܹԣƲһʱ뵽žߣ
Ųɿسة𣬽Ʋ׷ŷŵĳĻݺһڡ
֮벻ͨᵽ˷ܣ֪ⶼ֪ô֪
̽࿴ĳ̶ȣҪץסİѱôܲ೯͢Ƕ۲˵ôһƪ
ХŴӶߴƲ׳һǣ㵹ǼٵģҲǣӿҲû͸¶㣬õȵһʧʱ˵һС
ɳôģῼİΣģôں֮ͻȻʹǰǣ
һޣƥɱƲ뵽һֿܡҲǾ쵽ʲôû֤ݣɽ𻢣ҪӦӶҵ֮ЩĹȨϲŪЩϲ̨ĻȨʵǿЦᡣ
·ٲҲΣ֮С
ңңɸ鹣ƲǰһԾ¡ǰƲһƿײš
ϴ¥׽ʱżң֪ƾӯס˳ŵ·ҹȥһ·ʹٴһ㣬յƾӯԺǰƾӯ׺ŭҺúõŮ޵ңαŪģ
ƲһȥΧˣžڵԴƸλϣһŭҲŮŮɱô𣿡
ɳ֣׼ϢŭȮӵĲǣһú÷
תž˶һ»ôͷβģôʧײϱ
Ʋ俴šһ˵ǴģһֱӸĳʧײƫ̻֮װףҪֻعܡ
ºż˱˵ǣžɥˣ״ˣûʵʵʧ֡Ұ˼һҪڶϴ˲ÿͶ£û뵽һûվײӣܵˡ
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»û˵ӵĴɷĵɷ˱һ۶ӻؿ˿ڣһ˼ʮ꣬û¡
ˣ˵ɣȸϱҪɲɫסͷʹ˰ɣһִ򲻻ˣûˡ
Ƹһָ˵ʱ˵ƾӯȶַȥ˭˭ǵʱ˵ȸŮˡ
Ʋ׷ֿȺ߽˾µľ棬ָƼӲֹǲˣ˼ƾӯûѣż̬Ҳܺúøˣ˻ƾӯȥܺúϣҲý֪ġ
ŻƸһ񣺡常ҷĸǰ̽õơ
ֱʱյ俴һžܺã
ʬɽѪɱĺ˿̰ɱڳ˲һ䣬ž飬ҲԽ£ʶǿѳЦƸˣҲãС˰ӯ
ôƲأγһ㵶ûȫ֪ҵĽ飬ĸһðӯŮҲðӯãҲ۸á
ӳɫٿһžˣңңʧ֡
áƲɣһɷˣЦ£ɹͷ˻֪ɣҽץ˼ٵ˵Ļ죬˵̫ҽԺ̫ҽҽҲʱ佱أЩ콻˵ָʹҪ̫ҽµ壬˵ҪǱ֪Ļʹ֮˭᲻
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ôһУڳ˶ɵȫģɳһţ˶
һ£Ʋ˵˵ҪҪࣿ
˵棬ЩС£Ҳ˱µĶ䡣Ц˵
Ҳˣҷĸǰ̽ĸ˵ӯˣѹý۰ӯҪҽӰӯȥס죬ƲЦ£ͬİɣ
˲˾ϡһ˵̫ҽ֤ǲµģƲײͬ¥İѱлصĸһлǰ˵ʲô˵žǰ;ǰ;ҲҪˡ˺ϱϱùȥТġ
ߴɷˣϽʰʰϱȥ
ɷѾȥʰƲ׵ͷƸɫӵߵǰȰο常ſģðӯȥĸˣȺЩ˾ؼҡ
ΣƸ̾һҲá
ҲŮֹŮ˼޾ͳżҵˣϴңżͷȥӣһصѹţҲǿǲòͻƾӯżҡҪӻػƾӯȥнƲţżҾȥ֡
͸Ѿʰ·һ̧ƾӯƲ׿۾ڻУͷϹŵɴ͸˿˿ƵѪ̵Ѫͷճһһŭ˼㡣
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Ƹǰסӣʪ۽С̧ţƲں棬ž°ͣ
žֲҲƸʲô£
ٸ´ΡƲ׶ֻ˵һ룬û˵
žڵģƲͻȻһ߹һײžֻһᣬŷ˳ȥ
ͨɳȥӹȣˤ̨棬žӴһôƨǴ۶Ƶģ̱ڵϰһܳȥһһҷƲײں棺ʵʵʧ֣СɲҰɣ
ǰѷž˵Ļԭˡɺ޵ҧгݣֲòᣬᡣ
ǾͺáƲװŵĿžһΣǵˡ
ž۵죬ôýƲˣʵ̫
ž˦һ⣺㴳Ļ£ûõĶ㶪ˣ
ֳŻƾӯƲڳߣƸ˵常żնѵ治ϴ˵£
Ƹ֪˵Ǻ룬̾˿̸ףӵ棬ԺķԷ߻лûĺӣô
ֵģǻʲô취ܳ£ţûŮҴߵġƲ׳ţȥ뷨ӣ֮ðӯܿˡ
ҹʱѣҲ֪˻ƾӯˣȥ˵Ϣ
©鰸ǰüͷ
֪ƾӯûѣˣ֪ʱضæǰæϤϣûѣضҪΪźѵʣѹ޷˯
ǰЩΪ˵ǣҶǵģܾ⣬ֱеһС
ԭĹһôЦЦ˿ޣſޣԼѹʱ򣬸Ҫϰٱǧ
ԭ֮ӣһ˲ãһ˲
ߵ£̧ͷƽķ
ڵҹûãã֪ʱ˯
ˣ׷׺ͰʤͻȻЩԡ
һݣȥʱһǵϣŶ۵ڵϴѨְٰ㰴סæͷ󺹣ӦҩͻȻԵʣǸҩ⡣
ٿʤҲһҽشƤ
ҩ⡣øթİա
𣬰𣬰죬ҹʱ֡ҵϢˣŻǽǣһİգŪѡ
ǰһˮȥմ˸ս
ƻճӰӳŵƻǰڰҵĺڼУʤҩ
£漴Цԭѽôˣôһĥ˴á
ĥɫҹҩ
շŵҵͷĵϵˮҩҲ˭ܳԵأùȥģԸԳȥأҲֻѪ´ӹͷͷ͸ۣ۵øȫĹͷƵģʱҹҲ͵۵ýҹÿɲء
ƮҡпΪʲôɱׯ
նͣסڲЦˡ
ţƽؿôһڰǰׯʱֻǸʮһСĥٽƻǶʱľԷŹȥİɡ
ܷŹׯ
Ƭ̺󣬰Ц飬רʹ
ȻЦЦǿׯƿ׵һѵȷ
ûзءЦţȫ
㵱˷ҩвٸһͬ顣
һݣ׵˫ۡʲôû˵ȴƾ˿ƲˣʱЩ飬˵絶ȻǸµĶ֡
ձЦݣҩôܻ꣬ԣܻҿ
˵ģǼ١ͬ飬ͬҩȥĲ״Բ׼ȷҩĲ״ʱ˸ЦòȻɻȥ
Щȥͬ飬Ҳǽҿܵһѵ˵ţׯԽκںһذʤҲʱڳﻮؾҪйݣԱѰʤһׯûپ㣬෴˵൱һҡׯԽϿڱ꿼£ְֻ꣬ƽͬƫԶĺ˵ıԼѸı䣬ׯȴϷŹ㣬㡭
죡ͻȻŭ
ͷʪܵģЩŤţѹסĺŭұ죡
ôһʧ̬ׯȻƿ׵һСûб죺㲻ɱׯضԵʡں㹻ɱȴûж֡ǣҩйϵ
մصĺ䵭㣬յͷԳһЦģѲĶ֡
ҩׯҳԵģҵϵ飬ҰģԴ˿ƱˣҺͼŮһҩǼŮӶˡҩǶҩ֮ÿԽҩܲׯнҩ
ûõӦ̧ͷʱѾ⣺ʱȥ̲Ρ
죬Ϊʲô׷ʣ仰ҪΣǰϣڰ
⣬һˣӢ
ô԰շ¶ǿҺׯнҩҲӦΪôáٿɡ
컹ҪҪ׺Ͱʤҩʵ

Ψмҩ֤ҩ٣֤յĻͷźڳǽһİţׯϣضܡ
һգۼţҹ
л˵
~


70 
ʱ, ηеĲҽҩٴη
վڣĬĬšҹ˰׺ͰʤŲһ, ˶, Ѫҽз, ҹľ, ʱ׻ǿ֧ţ˻룬죬죡
ʿǰŰסֽ, ɿѨ, ׻ڽ, Աȷ˼, Ĩ˰Ѻȥʤǰ, ʤȴеø, ۾ҲʼѪ
ʦֻÿ岻һ, ӦҲһŹȣ˵ͻ縮׵⼸Ѩλ
ţһʩһ߹۲췴Ӧһͷ, Ѻסͷİչ, ڳ𣿡
ͥпĵط, ʮҹµװ˵ͷ
˷գҹûȵķ紵Ҷվ£ʮϢسţûҹɫС
ڣ׺ͰʤĲҽлڸһһؼ⣬ΣǱںڰУҹעǸҹߵҹĬĬͷҹĻĵͻȻһ顣
ʱʲôǲѾߣ᲻
֪ϸOO@@ƾӯ˸
ѵģû˵ʲôֻҽҩҩ̸ֹҲʹǰûʲô𣬵֪֪ԽƽʹԽʲôҲ˵ֻģԼˡ
ŻƾӯסԵʣ֪ԺԼԺУƾӯͬסţʱ۾ߵĶƾӯûٶƺ˯ˣûһ̾͡Ϣ
û˯š̾ϵĺܳϸϸҹת֪һᣬӯ㡣
ƾӯһæ˲۾ǲǳˣ
ûУԼѵġ֪ﻹűµǿˣȴҲû˵ƣӯ㣬еʣܲܰҵˮ
ƾӯæ´䳹ҹϨĵƹùůһˮ¶ȣŹ˽֪⣺µãȰɡ
֪⿿ڴͷССڵţʵʣֻ»ƾӯΪôڡʵĵƻ¿ƾӯɢͷվڴǰΪ˿ڲմˮԵʣЩմѪ۵ͷˣԭǺѻѻһͷŨܵĳ˿ȱ˼飬ҵͷ磬˵㲡
ǼԽˣôţܺã֪⽫ˮתʱһӶӯ㣬û˯ţ
˯һˡƾӯźñӻ£Ҵñӣϴ˵ԳЦû׼˯̫ˣ첻ô
£ʱֳ֪ס֣ӯ㣬ҪѹĻͿ޳ɡ
ôʲôá֮Ժ󶼲ٿˡƾӯʹƤսˣŽ֪⣺û¡
ӯ㣬֪Ⲧϸŵ鷢Ҵڶ󣬡ҪΣҶһ
ּᶨ֣ŵƾӯ̧ۣӭĿ⣺ã֪ģΣһ㣬л
սЩû£Ҳˣֻܿǿôһ֣żҶϵҲˣֻԺ󻶶ҲҪۣôС
󼸸أسȥʣ֪ḧĳ취Ҹ˵ˣ常ȥȰȰ
ѡҰ˼֪һۣҲ»ߡƾӯ۾۽ȵỬ£žضҪȢģôСںֵ游ĸҲָϵģֻӣŮ飬Ҿ£»
ûӤϸĺĺز۵Ŀ̫ˣܰȥԺʮĹ⾰ôУܹúáƾӯ۾ҷҲֻӽֻŻֻҪܺãʲô̡
ļ΢΢ţᣬ֪ο취һа취ģһеġ
ãƾӯͷ취
Ȼʲô취أƣҲУɾеĸŴ󻧻ӲйŮߺӵƼżֻ൱ŵڡѹ߻
ûл뻹ʲô塣ƾӯţţ˯⣬̫ˣ㻳ӣЩ˯С
οƵĸ֪֪ʵôϣ˵취޷ǰοˡĸģһûһ챻żңѲ
˼㣬ƾӯ͵Щ˯ɡ
˵ŲǺñӰţã֪תȥƾӯ۾ͷϺ֯񣬾쵽Ŀ⣬ƾӯ΢ʱ򣬻ҹˣҲ֪ιûУǲǵó˸ڣ
ƽȴΪĸʱ̷ŲµǣҶǡ֪еޣæת
ŶӣѾ΢΢ˣܸоǰȻͬģĺӣôŬĺӣҪٵģ᲻ͻƾӯһֹ͵ǣ
ڻ԰Ļӿͷ
Щٺ»͵鷿Ӱɡ
ĸ㲻õģһȥ˼֣˺úÿ㡣
鷿иεİѱǸǲҴӵ⡣
˵ģôǴ㣬ȫȫ

ߴƾӯ೤ĺ˯ˣ֪£Ҳ˯ˡ
ҹδߡ
콫ʱģסաͷĺڲȻһϴƽ˾һ·ӰӶûš
ҹѺͰȥ̲ŮεϢͷ˳ȥһ͵ľ֣뱸Ǹ͵ˣȴû
ϵҹлҵûж
ةҲûжǸĻ֮˳򶨡ųתưյķΪ֪ΣҲòðգˣȻֱӷ˳ԡǰշأ׼ˣղṩ
򿪰ңһǽǵİ̧ͷ˵ҹû˾㡣
ʳУմƤû˵
ҲѾûмֵҲˣ׼㲻ṩһ֣
ΣԲĵӶ˶Цûʲôˡ˲Ҫٷ̽ˡ
еİˣȴʮƽƺСãҲֿܶУ֪Լû˼ֵҲ֪׼¿ڣȶġ
ʲôвðƻǵأڡţȥ̲Σסϴεη
ϴǸеɱ֣סη뿪֮ǰһ۰գǽһԲӦҲ֪Ǽη﷢¡
ʱ׻˹ʤԣţò׼ҪҪҩҩʵԿƣǽһΣδܰˣҪ𣿡
ͷѪЧһ£ϴν֪ҩѾȥ߰죬ʱ䲻ˡ
ʱת˲ţҩͣÿҹʱҽаҲͣһ磬ʤסˡ
ˣľҩʵգ֮ü̸ͣҩ˸ǲҪԣаգͷѪҲá
ɰգĸԸͷѪƽҲôһˡ
ʤˣ׻ţҩȻգҲлĻᡣǸᡣӲûô׾
ճʱɢɱةϰ£ʲô£
ʲô¡ҩ֮ǰ¡ƾӯž֮¡
ɴһԳŭҼҼ£·Ҳİɣ
⼸콪Ʋһֱʩѹƺ룬žÿγŶĪŵöڼﲻҳȥɱͽͷöʱҲ˵Щѹס
û˵Ӱùڣǰ
ˣֽŽӴ棬΢죬֪ǸģæùһžˣŹ֤ݣżӵЩΪ֮ɷУΪֶܹٵ֤ݣ־ǣʮҳǹġ
ЩɴСġʾɵУйϵ©һΣְݵһЩĻɵֶ˵
ˮ㣬Щ£ұԷŹ״
̧ۣɫƽƺֻѰ˵ŨصѹȸԾɴɰ͸ðź˿ĭãͻȥţǺ롣
ѣϱֲңֻҪҧǣллء
ۣŮƾӯ
ܣѿ˵
ǺӰվվŭ˼㣺żҵŮøŮ˴ߣֱܴ裡
ӹŵ񣬴û£ɱңҲܴӦϼӵ棬żҵẒ̇ȨƴӦˣڱǰھУͬǰһô̧ͷȪ֮ôڣֱܴ裡
Ҳ֪Ҳǰոպ롣ƽš
ͬ࣬׿˵ʹࡣ˶٣ҵĺӣ׿ڳŵױд£Ҵǰӡ±֪ͬ⡣ɾãܴ裬̣ŻڣڱǰھУͬǰ̧ͷô
ɾһ亹ŷӦŵĻÿһ䶼ڴæˡҲû˼ֻǾ¡
ֵ̿˼㣬ͷһ˵ְˣһֶΣôܷŹŹżң
ɽţŶ䵭ЩǾ¡
Ŀͣھϣû˵
в֮ⲻԶһź·ʪ͸ˣҺģÿһϢһôǰ;棬ǰ;ǰ;ۡͷţµģֻλεǰ;֡ҧźãã룬ӹƾӯ
һŮѣֲӣƴ治ҪƴЦۣʲôȲýǰ̡
áǰһʹΪ֮
뿪һţˮ̳һ¶ðŭֱڻϣ֪ģùݺݵһڡ
빬ǡ
лڼõ̧۵ɡʲô£ˣ
ܶ£ҩ֮ǰ¡
Щ£
սѾȥ̲ΣĿǰ̲źܶ࣬һǰԽκׯ̫ز졣ܿмĹҩ֣ûпɵˣЩû޹ȥŮӡ
һ죬ڴ˰ɵһЩƲ⳼Ϥ¼ڰ²ο
ͳһڷϣл䡽ӹЩɻ󣺡ˣαؽƣ
ûôӲܼ졣˶٣֮УҲм仰Ҫ֪¡
ѡɴ̲򡢱桢ԭѡ⼸Ȼϲһ㣬ȣҶں֮ʿ֮⣬ɿΡڳҰȻΪ̰ͼ˲زŸɶسηηţҪԱ˲ΪࡣʢĹѫŻ׶ã¿֮λϣ໥ƺ⣬ʹðȡ
һĵΪ࣬ûŷǣƣԴκӣѹƹӴңΪ࣬ѹƺţ໥ƺ⣬лһúܺá
лԽԽԾüͷö˶˵ģͻȻ˵Щʲô
Թ˵ȥ³ƽΨһı߾װ״⣬˴ξټ󣬹˼෽£Ҳп˹˼ҵĺôһִƾȨֶɲھУ²ɲ
Ǵ˴ξټˣȡһڷϣʱɴСξϡ
л䡽ӹ˷ֵƲ˧ѵãھʩչŸɣշݡ
ȵȣл䡴Ц͸죬ôͻȻ˵ôһƪܾЩ֣ǣǡ
ǽһ㡣л䡴⣬ǲʲôޣ
˶٣û˵ҩЧԿƣҲҪȡȫͷѪҲոճ£ͻʤһڷѿ֮Ӹλл䡶֪֮֮ϣлһ̯ӡ
㣬۾??ʲôˣɫҲôлһʱҲ²Ҫʲôôƴǰ첻ģҪϧУ㻹иûĺء
ӡһۣ̲ɰĻĺӣĺӣһҲͬɰɣԸһۡ
̧ͷ£һ󡣡
ۣ˫ϥ£ǸӳȻ˵ӴңҺԼûаֹϵֻ½ЩʹֶᣬǸˣӲִôһ죬  Ϊֹ˵ڱǰ׿ڳŵӹһ˵ģκ˲ᡣ
ˣ㻹кӣúûȥ
лԭΪôһΪϣҪغӣû뵽˵ľһʱɻ˼㣺⣬㾿ôˣ
¡£ˡ
л䡾ɲֱͦżһ߳ȥ߽ȵ
صʱҩѱã£ذס
⻮һ룬ۣ׵ƤϣʺѪ¡


71 
컹ûʱ, Ʋ״ϢżҵŶͬ롣
֪ͷžѡ, ϲתģǻأ
۵һ, ʲôˣƲ״ϻһֻıʯݸ鰢ӯ
˵ʲôƾӯ䱼, ·϶մˮ, ң
ԼĶ䣬̫ȻϲմһˮҲֻ׷ʣң
㡣Ʋ״͸Ц, 常Ѿȥ, ӦúܿȷϢ
ƾӯƬ, Ц, ЦЦӿ᣺̫ˣ̫ˣ
Щҹ尾һͻõȻ, ƾӯ·, ŽƲ׸°ݣƸǲĸŮԲƸĶ־
Ʋæл, Ҳƣǰҹȥʱżҵ̬ȻǿӲϺ룬Ҳ֪Ϊʲôһҹ֮ͻȻˣ룬ӦòҵԵ, ϶б顣
飿֪, ֪ô, ͻȻһһ˵
ʲô飬ֻлƸ磬ƾӯææҪţȥӻ
֪סЦȲ·˵
ƾӯŷӦϵմˮæʰƲžｪ֪͵ĲӯˣҲܰ˯һˣ죬Ȧˡ
ÿ춼˯ͦõѽ֪е飬ĵýȷûôú˯æ⣬磬ӯǼסòã漸졣
ôУƲ˿Ѿ߸֧͸Ц⣬ȥżΪʲôĿڣʲô󻼲źá
𣿽֪ų漴ַ񶨡飬Ϊ˱˵ıȥ˼
ʱӷ֣վ
Ѫ۽Ҳǣʱȵģʱʼîʼƽîֹͣ
˵ԼʹУ΢΢ȴͦñֱļ˵ʲôζ˵Ϣ仯һ¡
Ϊ˻ʵݣҹûֹۣʹıʱһӣӿڱǾͿʼѪĩոȬ۾ҲʼѪ⼸һֱ׺Ͱʤģ߰ԺУƽǰ̬˿϶ݵģɶʱȴش޵ñһһѣ˿ƽ߸ϵģɳ
ǾǸ̾ʼգһҲûйӺʼʹʱһĬĬ۵ʱǰѾҵֳԾ״ָ̬ȥЩסͷϵųȥϸߣ۽ѪӺҲǣα׺Ͱʤһҹζأʱľʩ룬ɳֻһԲţҡͷܾ
ҪʼձѣκԤԹ۲⵽׼ȷ巴Ӧ
ӷϼָӡҹ۵ʱָ׿ٳģٿָ֣׷ҲиɺԵѪʱ򣬵۵ʲô̶ȣ޷󣬿ɳȻһԣ
ҹʱ̷ֹͣͷӦǰƽ͡۲ף
ĬĬšƲһ¡֮ǰͷ֣ÿ춾Էʱ䶼ǰһǰ۵ʱǱǰһƳ٣ʹĳ̶һһӾ磬ʤڵһ磬²ܿת۵㣬Ȼҹ֢״Եķ仯
Ӧÿ춼ܿжá
Ų²ӣ֫ٺǼۣǻĹͷճ˺Ƭÿһϸ΢ĻҪŬһţʹͷƤӵ֫ɫƽεľʹʹʲô
ô޷ӵ˺Եʹֵһᡣ
һա߳ţԸ
ᵽ˼㣬ؼҡļңĵط
ӷɿţĬĬȥϵѪеѪڲĿռϸҹΡʱʱʱʹϼӾ磬ʱܶ䶼ģģΨһļǣʱ򣬿˽֪⡣
֪ǻþֻ̰þЦǰߣϸ˵۵ʱãָ۽µѪ
ôõĻþ׺Ͱʤᵽþ£Ҳֹ˻þҲʱǺзڲҲÿҩԷζͬǣôõĻþ
еڴһξ۵١ûʲôʹʱܿݵӵ
ֱ̧ԺƫԺǰ½ΣƿڵĴš
첻Ժɸɾ룬ķԸÿ춼ʰġձƲ׿ľҲȻһЩԭĵطЩطǿյģڵġ
ţ̨ףż߽ԷѾúܵˣüŲţڴ£۾
ǰĹˮһ㣬ͷشǰ֪һһЦһһͶ㣬˿̶ôǻڹĵţǰΪԼû˿飬̵ʶԼʱѰһж̽˹
ҪȻĮôڵ֪ϵΪѺ󣬰ȥͬסƣôʱ§ס
ģûʶ޷ƵΪ߿Щɵģûбֵİ⡣
Ǵ͸ˡʶһж᲻ͬ
ͷһʲôȵĶ۽ǻ£ͷʧˣ̰غģԽԽģ
һʧģʱô죿
ĬĬţ˯˯֮䣬ɫתøϻعˡ
ҹǸ۸ѰһҹܽĵطŪǽ塣
ʱɺͷүżƼѾǩ˺飬ԼᶫƹŮȥˡ
ס
ǸԲĽ֡ȻԲƾӯ˾ľõһԲƾӯԲˣҲͲѹΪһ顣
̫ҽȥˣСʹ˵˺ܺãҲúܺãС˵˺ϲƹŮһֱڶС棬˵ҪϸŮ
ģϲСӡһ¡ĬĬУԻƾӯŮϲԼĺӣ϶ϲĸµУºӾͻ
ԸܻǸʱ
ƽһƬϲƾӯĸ˵ƲŻƼҵгԾƣ֪ͻƾӯڷŻˣ
֪˸ѣеò⣺ǲǻܳԣ
أԵĻõ࣬ζˡƾӯӽӻػ󣬾һֱŲ£Ҫٹ£ܳԳɿĹ⡣
֪ҲֻðˣѷŻӹӲ֣Ż˺þã첲Ҫˡ
ᣬ᲻÷¡ƾӯԽ§ýˣʧõıڻͷһڣҶ첻ˣ
ĸ׵ǣЦţԲС첲ȥ§סĸ׵ĲҲһڣƾӯ͵Ц֪ڱϿţĶҪˡ
ðĸ׺ĺӡ¶ӣٹ£ĺӾҪˣʱ϶ҲһҲ᲻ְɣ
ҸոҰҲ֪żΪʲôͻȻ⡣ƾӯŻ϶˵ŻӦûƸʩѹԵʰɣƸ˵ǣҽȥʱżЩһܵĹƵģһӴͷɥľ
žӦǲŰҷ·һȳһյģںǩʱֻŶżҵļֵģҲܲÿɷѹû¶棬һţͷβһɥ
￴ţͦʹģƾӯЦˣΪʲô⣬֮ҵĻ
֪ôģ֪ͻȻճָɼƬݣ·ڶߡ˻⣺̫ҽʱ·е㲻
ԣ˵Ҿƾӯ˼û׷žƽѽ̫ʵˡ
ģͷ˼̣еˣû˵ͷ²м֪ŵʱΣ̫ҽû˯õģ۵һƬࡣ
Ҳʹǲ˿˯ã˵ǣ֧֧˵ԭ򣬡ƾӯҡҡͷ˭֪أܾʲôƵġ
֪ҲоʲôأΪʲô׷žأ
ɫһ㰵쵽ʱةֶ
Ҫȥ׵ηֱס׼ټʦԺУθ˿¡
ףΪž¸ǲȻʤεģ޿ָժôͲͱ˵ӣһƾӯܹóԸٴҲװҡҡͷ¹ǳͬҲҽԶʤңˡ¹ٲҴ
ҽģЩ˲㡣ϤʹϮ֣ȥɡ
첽뿪Ƴ϶ã˫ִŷ֣۾
ҹ׵ʹֻһʱʼƽʱʼîʱʹﵽ㣬ﶼʼѪȴֻҧĬš
¿ٳĺۼָ׿ٵ۶ϣ͸ϵѪۣ̲סȰˣ۵Ļͽгɣ¹ٵľ飬гڻ⡣
ܸо˵˵ʲôȴȫ۵ͷôһϣ֧顣
ǻѪζǰֳ˽֪Ӱ
ŷ֣⡣
ǰͣסָḧȥѪͺѵ֪ǻþʹûмᣬİɿʹͻϲ֯ţҲϣΨìܵµģ뿹ܡ
⡣۾⣬ߡ뿪ҡ㡣
һһʧ۾ְһҹ
ԱǰԷ
صʱ򣬺ɡ


72 
ǨԷͷ˳, յĿһɨ⣬ڶˬ䲻, ̫ȵԵ춼, ʱ£Թȥһ, л, æҲͷ£Ź̫һȥ
лɻТУǨ֮²׼˭֪ͻȻ٣ʱŶҪ³ﻮ, ˸͹»æĽų, иҸڵϢ, æϹ밲, һʱټԷӰַǷ
̫żɽ, ʱ̫ƺ, ɽϸϸȥ, ּɽһĻסԶ̨ͤ¥󣬲ʵǱ˭ң
ƽ򸮽ңлæϴαҵΧǽ, û޺, Ļ
, ̫ͷ׹ȥ˵չˡ
ͷںĸҹˣûпҵˣû𣿡
л䡽͵Ʋ׻ڵȱĽ
֮ȷʵ㵽ֳϣ̫ͷлɵӲ㣬һ㲻ôš
̫Ӽϻͷһۣ죿
Σ˵仰лɵ̸졣
̫ͷͻȻǲǸ˵ǺӣûҪȥ
ǡл䡴Ӧţ쾹ȻûйЩɺƽʱǧټҪ׽֪⣬˵л棬Ȼô
ڹ̫ԣֻ𣬵Щ˼뽪ҽõģ⵱һҪ¼ææţ˵׿˽֪⣬Ҳò׼ô£æŽ֪ǰݼ
ʱ̫ѾɽŮǴӵں֪ѾԻ˰£ЩеΣ̸壬ֹţ޵øµĺӣ˽̵úá
æǫѷ̫£׹ȥݺʱ˵𽪺ʺ񣬶Ժ󱲼ǹЯǱ߶ӦǸм
Ϊ˸ף֪æվҲվǫѷ׾õְ𣬹˽ô˵ʵڲҵ
úӣɣôػˣġ̫˽֪£ЦΪս˶Դʵס
˵˼䶼Ƿ֮µĻ̫̾Ƿ֮£ȴҲء֪ģҼҲˣŮǵ֪ǳս⣬һҲָǣСȫָŵҷ˲ٳչˣЩˡ
˵Уĳһֻۼ죬Щ᣺Ҫһһյ£檵Ȱڼң򲻸˵ࡣ
ԽԽͶ˵̫һͷ˽֪⣬æ۲ãˣȥǰͷЪЪɡ
֪ˣԷĹŮţ߹ȣһĵԺ䣬ԴŻԺ齣ɫȫģŮ˲ģʵҪҪЪϢһ
̫л䡶ڣ˭֪᲻ټչ鲻ڼҷ㣬֪ˣԺһɡ
ƲͷɫģʢǺĳˣ֪ڽ´ŷ磬ʣ˭
ϵãлɣæվͼлʱе⣺ѽ
ŮæԭлɵͷͻȻôˣԷЩڸûܼʱҲ֪ڴ˴Ϣոвʱߵ
֪֪ڽΪʲôͻȻԷסţʵҪʲôȻǽˣȻ紫˵ǸǫǫӡæͻȻǰδ£ˡ
޷ԱɡлתҪߣͣסӣ´Ǵ÷磬ǲȵĻ絽ѩãڣɽϵϪˮȱĵطҪˬ࣬δſˡ
ȻûȻŮǶɫæȵҪߣ֪ôΪѵģڣҲֻÿڴлл⡣
޷лɿ棬ԱæϹϹģĲ㣬һȥɡ
ȥѩˮߵһ·ԷǻˮܴɽѩþתһȦʱˮߵέҡҷм֧쵽·ϣлѹסҶӻ֪⣺СЩЩέҶӻ˾һӡ
֪֪ģСʱ԰ǸСʱҲߵέָҲСЩ
Ҳ£лɵ߹ȥһɣ͵έȥǰʵ۵ʱΣϰˡ
֪ȻʶǰӦǳԷģ˵ʵϲ䣬ʱԷԣʵּ谮СӣߵﶼҲѹԷĲϤ
֪Ŀлһۣʵϲԣ˵ϲĶҲͶŶԣѵ˰лɣҲǾ
лɾ쵽Ĵſ֪æͷ
ҼǵôǰҲʵ˵浱رʿսʮȱʮڣ˵ڻʵʹͻʼ԰֣񻹲еڶл˵񽪺Ҳս˵԰ȣʵʱ޽֮硣
֪ȻһԺ֮⡣ЩϵĹѫн˶ǣȻŮңȻسȻҲһ㣬ҰΣͷһλģʱ̵ǣ֮ˣõΪʬҲϧ
൨ģ˾塣лɵͷǰھʱ뽪ΣϧȻȴʼԵһ档
֪֪Եһ棬ΪŹأ߽뷪ܼ棬лɽ·ңңһƳʱƲ˵лɣʲôʱΪʲôԭҪðŷռأ
лʵϴ˵֮£ôˣ
֪عڳﻮС
ԭе˳ѾӵУҲ˼ܼ䷷ӵΪƾӯ£㶼жˡ
ǰżȻ˵걱߹ԣˮӦǷ꣬ѹõͣũ˼ҳҲףƽ꾰ҲͻƼҹȥǱ߿лɵ
֪Щ⣬ͷһ˵лȵԭũ˼ʱȻ˱Ϣ֪ипæãƽһ£˹ȥ
뵽ϴμʱƺĻǻƷˣѾĿڽлƹˣѰЩƵģںŮӸֱܻ䡣
Ƴķܣѩõˡ
ˮǰɿˮ棬ˮһ߿׹źŮһһҷŽ֪ţлɱ·߿ţСЩ
֪棬ˮƵԵʣ˴Ȼȱ𴦶ˬ࣬߼ʱͷлվûй֪ⷴӦרģˣҲҪȥˡ
æͣסӣ񣺡л͡
ؿлվԭŹŮǷŽ֪ϹԲҪ뿪Ƽ·ӰҴңɿߡ
ʱΪ˽֪⡣лͣסӣѣࡣ
߲ͣպù֪عͷʱݵӰ
֪һ֣Ȼϸ̫ԶʵܿʲôǿҵĸоֻǴ
֪תл˵ãҴȥɡ
Ѱ£ԶʱǰЩ̵¡
̧ͷһǰĽ֪⣬ţƲ˵
֪ͷϴڻ԰УܹȴûΥԸԴ룬Σȴ̬ǿӲǰ
лºỺҪڴ˴Ϣ㵽˵
޷ᵢܾãǰϣǸӰ΢΢һͣţҪ˵£һá
лɳƬ̣á
Խʯţ߽УŮŽ֪ҪֱлֹסЩӣˮء
վڱϣŮһձһ죬ŷŽ֪£ǰʱÿζϸµչʱıܼɣʳϵı´ʲôʶﲻͬʵǸеˡ
Уȫ˼ȫϣǰڻӦӦȴûлˡ
ƽֱлʵʲô£
תĿ⣬ŵյ¡
̫һϵ֮󣬷ְǱӳϺںסһ࣬ٽװ̵£Ƿ˵ڰյ飿
ĿԽлɣŽ֪⣬ͷɫûʲô仯ˡضᵽʾлɡ
֪ʹµ°еϸ΢΢յϾƹڼһ㡣̧ͷһۣϴ˺ܶ࣬ûѪɫԽԵһ˫۾ףл˵Ż¡
ǰǴǰ̸µģΣרΪ֪û˵лɵķϣװʱδա


73 
ָܴлɿʳʲô, ֮ǰҲΪʰ
ֵĳ룬ҽҹǷҩҹ, ;Ѿŵ˼, ԭƻڹȴҩЧͻȻõϢ, ̫ټ˽֪⡣
̲µ, лɻӽǰ漸εãлʾ֮ȻңӲܡ
ҪĻл˵ҿյʡ
ף, ҪĻ
лӦǲ¶ʵ, ճôͷ, ʼһֶ, ˵ֶ, ƶһ޶
˵ʱ, Ŀʼղ뿪֪⡣ϴʱɫӰ, ɵȹԵӷףǰ˼ӺݵȣҲǴ¶ŮΪĸеı仯ɣҲֻΪ뿪´ǰظ, ڷɿسɳ
ʹ޷, ҽͻȻİ, ͷüһĻᡣ
ǰһ˵Щʲôֲ֪ôӺ˵𡣼ҹʹƤŽ֪΢΢¡Ķӣûȴʱѵ֪ûм磬ڻźӣһ˿İģƽδĸ顣
Ǹӵĸ顣
Щһĥһᣬ⺢жమ񣬵վôԲ̬ͬͻȻоǸСʱڷ֣⺢ӣҲǲġ
ⷢʹ֪࣬ԼǰݼڣǳΪ˸ԣ֪ٲʲôˡ밾ҹƽ⺢ӡҪҲҩԣͷѪҽ֮
Ψĸƽƽţ֮һƸɬӺＷ㣬ౣء
֪ûлӦĿƳµ°ڽߣյĹϣڿ󲻺̧ۣ԰׷ҵ۽Ƿϵİ죬һֹ첻ĸо
֪ģ֪ͻȻϴθ˵ЩʱģԽ˾ڽԡĿһʱûת漴˦Щͷö˶˵ģôܽʲôԣҪԵĻôоʰյİ
֪תۡ飬ǰ԰ǰ㲻ͬһְ⣬̾ץƲЩջʬ̫Թʣû̳ܰ
꣬ȻӲ˵£Ҳ֪ԹʵİӣӷٶѲƤ⼸һ⡣գҲûܳΪǸ
໹бôлɸ߽ɫûУǾͲҪŽϢˡ
ûб£еĿģֻΪƹ֪⣺ǵȷʶգôûбˡ
֪ȷιרġûʲôģͬĻӲ˵飬һֻ̬Ϊлɡ
һֱŵģΪ˰գƽݰְֳܲ
лɶ˶٣ŵɫû˿߰ɡ
뿪תͣͷٿ֪һۡ
˿̵ģ̽ҹѰΪ᰾ȥ
ŲԶȥһǰһߵԶˣ֪ڴ»Ž飬ʱŮ̫ͱҪݻعū͹ȥ˻ϡ
ôҪ𣿷ºܸߣƺҪģ֪ȥʯſ԰๬̫æǰͷȥģǳʲôƵġ
л䡺ܿʰ׵˼ߣɴлӭæ̽лɵһ岻͡
ڶǷԸ̫ģ˼߸
˷ȥȡлڼԣüͷɫôʲô֢ɣ⼸ûп򣿡
ЩһֱóЩԣҲû룬ղ¿лһǰһžѾ㲵ĵزǵӭл뾩ʱվһͬһ˫赽ӳʱлǿݳˣȴһȦ·϶Ҳסеˡ
ߺ̧ܿûƴǣȥް
ǣûչˣԽԼ嵱ˡлǰ֪ڵʱ򣬼ʱôǱûϱȻǲУʲô취ǺͺòСֲ֧סĻͻȥЪţݵ»ͷ顣
ްڼһ񣬡»ع顣
ݵļӼսոʹҹͻϮ⼸Ѳݣ˧ڣ״æӭУҹг˰ʧȻʿԽ߾ߣ͹״иϣβˣΣ
лԥ̧ۿڣ۰ȴ鲼˺ɫŰдҵķɫίʵеˡӦòúأȻΪ࣬˽ľȴǸòģҲԹۡл䡶˶٣ŵ㣬ֲ֧ס̱ޡ
߷ɿȥˣʱ̫ĳҲ뿪Էô£ҹҲżȥ˶೵࣬Ǽųȥ֪Ӳ㲻ܼںɢʱʷˣү¹Ͷλ԰ظ
мԷеĹŮƷӵܴɽȥָĻһ飬лվںϻ£ǫ͵Ц⣺³ͻȻʱǰЩæңί˺͹ˡ
ǫѷлŽ֪ԽĻ֪żȻͷлվ£ɫԶ֪ʲô
һʼߣǲÿڡʱˣš
֪æģѩǱ߳˵ģҡ
ܵ˵Żһ̧ͷƲԺﱼĸף
ɫࣺ׾ȥѲ飬ҲѲˣ׵ô£Ȼ˹˱߾
С㣬æֹס顣
ƲšüԷǱߣŻͷٳȥ
һи۵Ķս£л䡸ԣټسһֱ顣
ܵľװפɵװ̸ϸ֧Ԯ׺ϱͻΧ
װפܶ˵
װפһݣ֮佻˭Ҳ˵жлɵˣΪ˽һʱΣ½
һˣǲܶȥЩֵȲˣ
ɽװֻİ·̣Ҫɽ׵
ܿ츽͵Ҳ˼ɽ£ʵս飬װפѾ겻Ϲսˡ
˵ɣİٶ·Ҫ߼죬⼸ٽʿȵü𣿡ԶǱߵ֪ĺ
ִ£ֱҹʱû۳ù󣬳һݣϤľϮ


74 
߿ʼģ, еúԶץס֣ѹѸٷĶԡ
ʱ, ø֮ǰݵ, Ȼֻһߣֲ֪ʲôʡҪ, ӿѪζ, Ƶ޷ʱ쾹Ȼǰʱ
лͷһ⣬ôˣ
Ѿʪ͸£, ٲ, ôǱһĻҪڳ˿, ݺʹʱʮ𼱵ľ, ȥֽһƴս, ǰ, սʱ, ת
ǰǰݴ˼ʮ꣬˵ϰԣѲÿеĹûһͻϮŪǱݼӼս͵ʢҪʱ䣬ս˲Ϣ, Ҳʱ, ѾҵƵеİ취
ҹ, 㾭ḻֲɣûԮܹƵУ
Ҳ̫ЩòԣȻѾ֧ŵ˼ޣֻл䡼˵Сٵȵȡ
װפһ޾Խľôױסһɥʧв޷ںˣȻһؼǵãû˱ȽƲ׸˽ս֣˽⽪졣
л䡹˲˵£ȵؿ۾ôˣ
۰׺ˣͺһ̾ҪѪƵģлΪۼָˣǲϴε˻ûãӹ㿴
սʣʽƲסƴľ񣬡룬ˡ
л䡴Ӧת뿪ײײȥл䡽˼ûסæԸȥʲô¡
׷ȥʱѾߵúԶˣС׷˼û׷ϣֻѹɤӽ࣬Щȵū
û˵꣬ͼͻȻһ˷סţ·ֱֱײȥƵģһŸϣһ̲ϺڵѪſճȥͷǰȥ˲ӣɿ̧ˡ
л飬лʱʱͷҹɫû˹̫󣬴żĹŮææ
лû뵽ʱæӭ̫߽ȦºʱԮ
л䡶˶٣û˵
һ·̧˺̧ͬ˳ȥȿ·ȫѪʱðһͷ亹ôô磿Ÿոպ
׺Ͱʤ춼磬Ҳصöࡣ
ʦʩɣùҩ䣬ƾס
ǰҹûֹۣȻʱۿվվ϶ڳѪˣôܰùȥ
ʶؿ۳۾һԲûǵۣҲѾ۵־ģʲôӦˣûԥæȡ룬ųü¡
뻬ˣǰ̫޷Ѩ˼λǲУֻû˶Ĵȥڽԣ˻Ƶء
һڣŻһѪҲѪŻԵʣƬʱһ㣬ץ壺롣
һҹˣԤҪݾ͵òǰ
̣Ϊͺӣĸ⣬Ҳ̡
ץס֣۾
ʱ֪⻹û˯ţ˼·ߵ⡣
޸ںȰͷ䣬ﻹǻطɡ
ҾӵߣԶ֪֪ģҵȵˮ
æȥˣ֪ܵ¿źڳ죬뵽ĸӦҲû˯ŰɣսһЩʿļҾ죬עҪ֮ҹ
Ժǽ˽⡣
֪ѭȥƲ״ΧǽһԾ£ôû˯
·Ǹմͷ֪Ÿ߸ߵΧǽôţ
㶼Ѿ˯ˣ˳һۡƲ׿첽
ѾʱˣΪѾ˯£ֻϰԵعһۣ˭֪ȴվ³񡣽Ʋ߽ˣüŵ£ҹ·ɲС
۸ϣ˯ɣҹá
˯š֪磬ʲôϢˣ
ûСƲŴ챼һЩҲֻյһս𴦾͸˵ˡ
س佫˼ңûõʲôϢﱨлһֱδɢҲûϢ
˵ʱˮƲ׽ӹ¶ȣŵݸ֪⣺ǺܿʵĻھУ˯ǰ̫ˮԽ˯ˡ
ֻ֪ССһڣ磬ǱߵΣ𣿡
Ʋ׳Ĭãŵ˵
ùˮһ׵ˮЩŹ֡
Žʮ̣û˧Ѳʱָʱֵĸֻ֣Ѳ飬飬ûʲôܱһͻϮŪǱ
һ֪ޱ鷢ƲæסߴٵЩȥ˯ɣ̫ˡ
ӽͽҪʱֱ֪ס磬˯ţ˵
ȡֽʵݸƲףǱҲȥ㻭ҿϸ˵˵ô¡
ݣ׺͸פضĵطʱǿ˵ĵطʱʱ̿ǣҵĵطûȥʱĵҲ䲻ʵأ֪ŪףǱߣҪյľơ
Ʋԥһ£ﲻ˯̫Ȼ˵˯ţ˵һӣʱ˯ˡ
ֽϴִֻߣçɽ磬ݣװݾʮ򣬾񡭡
ֽͼԽԽ࣬ƲԽ˵Խ죬ԺЩΥķɳײĿϣƲᵽ˽Ϣᵽ̶еģǺ˵ζ۾ЩȣƲ׵ͷ֪͵Ĳë΢΢֮ⶼȫȻƲƵЩ
ߣôӵľƣȫ
Ʋȥ⡣
̧֪ͷ
л˵


75 
һ˲, ֪ýƲ׵Ŀе֣мֲڣһ˲, Ʋת롭
֪, û˵֪̲סʵô, 磿
, Ʋ׵ûʲô
ȥˡ˵ףǲĸףǱߵսİ߽ǰΣе, , ȼĵλ, ̶ܴΪ˼ҵԵ, Źȥ˳ֱ룬Ǹ
, ֪⿴ʼղչüͷ, ȥɣ֪Ǳߡ
Ʋ׿ŵӰ쳣, ƽͷһθеԾϡ
ʱھͣɳ˵̫գ̵˭Ҳ˵׼Ǹ, ռǸλй˼ҳ, ֻ½ҲõĲ̫˳, ǰ浶ǹģ΢һʧٲ
սֻ̫ûбϣ̴ľ飬˵١Ʋ׾ۣЩϦദֵܣѾѪľ䵽Ǹװ
԰ϢʱͷһͷǻȥϤս֣ϤˣаŤתµƣԥˡ
֮ǰ˵ߣ˵뿪УǸԵ֢ȻûٷûҳܶھС
ˣ˭չȻﳤ֪ĸŮ׽һûˣܹǲеġĲ˵һ̯£ڼңԿ
Ʋţãû£Ӣᰲ׵
磬֪ץһǣҡҡûµģϽȥɣ벻㣬Ҳ벻㡣
Ʋײ˵Ҳ֪Ǳߣȥ֮ôãΪ֪ǸΣôȣ׿϶ȥҰҲǱߣӯǿ϶Ļˡ
ǰлƼ塣ȥȻ˽ģú˳ʲô£ԺʲôƾӯƲ׵ۿסӵָϸϸģģôһǣͰ˩סôҲ߲ˡٵȵȡ
ȵȿл䡻ôšΣǷǣҲһϻȥ
磬֪⻹ȰȰҺܵİȥɣòã
ƲҲܵģֹĽ죬ۣͬĻƼ塣ȻǰˣôͷѵΣҪ벻˵ʱ𣿽ƲţɣҶǸ׽̳ģİɣ׿϶ܰǰ仨ˮ
ͷƲվ˯ɣ˵Ϣˡ
ֹסͣԼ첽뿪̧ͷʱûҲûǣݵҹգߣ¹壬ɳӺݵζʱ̣ȺĻػҵֱֱشա
Ǹ³ľкӣʲôϸ˼Ȼÿ̧ͷݵգܻȻһɾҲΪڱھУѪűķ̰ɡ
ʢҹգģҲģȫͬ˼Ʋ׻ԺŹˣƻҲϨˣܹԵģĻȻ˯ˡôԣôܶһ˴ء
Ʋ׾þšٵȵȣҪģչ˺
ĸ죬͵ŻһѪ
ǴʲôբţһڽһڣôҲͣʱǰѾµʪ͸ڽУУʩ룬Ȳˣ

ֻûڣֱӿѪϣ˼ƮƮģҲǣʹƺóٶۣȻÿһΣ͸ǰδеȣҪõʵݣסҪЩʲôã
ģУԽԽ룺ȽԲðգ˱סôȽûˣеڶˣĸԸ潪Щ£
ǰþȥǰǰֱͦϢţߵµ֡
һΣѨƽĴֺܶ࣬ȫעλãú﷭ӿѪƽӶʩ룬Ͻͷϣǰ롣
ԿƵŻ¸ʧ˴룬ֻʣģƬѰۡĳ룬֮ǰʩʱҲôˣһʮ롣
ģĿӦá
ɼ⣬ʩ롣ڻð󼸸ʱѾˣûȥҩѪ
ʶ֮䣬ǰҹǰֻþŻþеĽ֪⣬ظο׽ɽ죬þҲʧˡʶ˲ѣҪģôҲ벻
Ψһǵõģ΢΢¡С
ĺӣĺӡôôΪҪӣΪԼӡ
ʱ͵ľأÿһϢһôãŹѪ⣬ɵһУʶʧǰૻ⡣
ֱͦͷ­£һæǰ̽Ϣָһ˿ůеʦιȥˣô죿
ô죿ʲôʹô죡Ƥȷֻιȥ˻ᵽɤ۶ԷЩ˾ɧ
ĵҩУǲȫ֢ܱӲҪǿɳãƻҩԣӰͷѪЧҩʩ룬ҾǴɣѵžκ
˵Щʲôã˵㵹ǿ취ѽ
ǵʤҹιȥ֮ûѹߴ죡
ţԷѪ
ҩĶԴѪУǰѪǶıȻҩⶾʵѪ嵭ԣҲá
Ҳֻˡɿϵ룬⿪·¶壬ַ˸óϣϵʱסһ
ڳ˲ȥļкܶˣˣ˿ںϣܿ˵òᡣţʲô
˭֪أ˴ûţ䣬Ǿ͵ûɡ
űϵѨλһһ£ֻ󡢽ѪųĶڳɫճѪҲƽ̣ܿûûһֱţüͷⶼʲôˣȻܳôá
ﾲĵģֻѪУ죬ѪҲộ͸ŲİɫžľĬĬʩλãʹѾҹһֹ۵ĴʩûҹǼ֮ǰôǿ־ó֧ôã
۲Ѫɫܿͣٷˡ
̫ٷȥδѪ֧֣ҪȶҲֹѪҩֻϴɾ˿ڣɴֹסѪܿ䦳ҡͷ̾ⶼܵʲô
æڽֹѪʦѪеֹסҪҪֹѪҩ
ٵȵȰɣ̾Ϣţ˽Ҫκҩ
ˣ죬Ҵǰһ죬ƼͷأмǱ߲Ծ
ܿţֻ˲Ρ
ô죿ƴ֣ʲôʱܿꣿ
ʲôʱڿһۣ֪ʲôʱ򡣡Ǻ
ƶţôϵôɣ
û˰취ֻ뿪̾Ż袣Ȼôϵˣĸȥ¡
һУ֪ʶ·ƮҪ뿪ŬŲ뿪һƬհ֮УȻμǵãû꣬
֪˶ãհ׵ʶһȥģ˵߶оȵĿ󣬿ģ⡣Ŭ۾
ˣһԾ𣬡ˣ
ţֳס齱أҪɻûһĬĬɻȥ˶񣺡ʲôʱˣ
ʱˡĨ˵
ʱǳʱʧȥʶô˰˸ʱȻӲ
үȵβɣͬϲβ裬ʹأСүķԸ˵Ƿ纮
ȵĲУͷ
纮˵һͽõģк̵ˣĸţˣ׼͸¶ʵ顣λϣһһ𵴣¶ý
ͣһҩɣڱ̽˵
ۿѾˣٳҩ˭֪᲻ѸմӹŹͻȥ
˲β裬ȡҩ
ͣôãΪ˵õõҩԣͣһ죬Ҳͻҩɲתĸı䡣
ֻȡҩԼѪʱòסֻܽ
룬ѪƤﾾŽţۿų۾գģѪҩ¡ǣѽ
ֱ죬ˣ𣿡
ˡϵѪʲô£
½ּװפԮݡʥּѾ˰Ӽͳ
ڵĳüš


76 
ʥּһͷ˳ȥ, л䡿ų͵ٵ쿴̫ͻȻˡ
˾Ͳ, ȦĬĬҲ˵, л֪ڵȽĸ, Щ˵Щ, ƫֲ̫󱳺ǹ˼ǰϳټͷֵлҲֻӦ£̵װפǰԮ
˼š󹬲ø, Թ̫ض˵ʲô, ֻҪ̬, лʩѹӺТ, ԮҲëл䡼ֲ, ˿ʵ, ֮£ҲСװǱ, üǿ䱸Էʲô
װפһְǼ˴
Ѿˡл䡵װפҲ˶, лֲڼ, ¿, ڳʲôĲʥּװҪ죬˵ѾŤתƣʱ̾װط
лҹΣЦһҲãôһ֣֪ƨ
ƽվãԽԽβ󲻵ԴȵۿʼһֱƩ˼ңЩıȨߵĲˣǹ˼ΨһһʵȨĽΰˣ˼ҾҪ˳ȨģҲѹֹ̫ҹ
֪ЩҲԹ˳һֱѹţҲʵҹһίʵеϡл䡵ⳡ̴֮꣬ϣҲúúһˡ
ģȴǵȥʥּϷԣｪŤתƣװǿԻطֻҪˣһֵĻᣬҲлɣȵľᡣ
̫ҹľٶҲɵءлյֱӴԷϻЩسҲֱӸϹģ˵û˼ͨҹδ̫Щ·ϣЩ˿֪ܵ
˵˼ҿȵϢлЦ⡣Ҫ񣬴ֱʹӣǹ˼ҸͷֽţŵľͲֻǹǵȨˡ˼ô𣿡
Σȵ۵ӡ
лһݡȵ۵ճӣλ޿ޣм֮ȻЩЩֵҲֲ֣꣬ǰûͷ룺ȥ顣
һ𣬶ʱɲסл˼ţʹӴټ֣ײһⳡ̴ٰһ̫Ҳë⣬㶢
˵ʱһ̧ۣʱЩ˵ȥˡǰĳѰݣɫҰף촽ȴǸİ죬ȵʵʵںڶ۵úܽ··ӣȻһֱƫݵΣѾ˵ˣֱ֧ݡ
л䡰һӹ¶˻ȥ⣬㵽׵ʲô
纮˵˻⣬ҹҲ춯⼸¿Բһ
գһ΢ҽŮѣƲˡл䡵ͷţˣ⼸ûʲôҪµĻҲϳˣڼɡ
ȳ˵̻ؼϢ
ûлؼңȥ̲
лǰĻû˵꣬Ǳ߲춯ҹʱǰصʱ򣬰ˡ
׼ȷ˵ǱУǸǼηĴ̿һ֢״Ѫ
ҹ޷Ӽʬ㰴Źʬȴʬһϵʱʬ岻ˡ
ƹվţŲ̧ͷ¹ĵȷȷû˺ֵҲˣȷϰͽʬ¹ָأ֪糿ʱʬ岻ˡ¹ʧְ
Σʵҹֵ䣬䡢ˣ·û棿
ûУæº¹̽ǷֱѺûдĻᡣ
ֱʣһۣ㡣
뿪ͷӭţˣҪҪ
˵졣
תȥ˱˾Уһݵľȡ
һ飬ֱҹ꣬صѾӽʱڶ֮ǰȥ׵η׵һһתÿ춾СʱʹҲ࣬˼ţ쿪ʼ׼ҩȼӶһ֡
һҩֻ̫¿Ʋס
ԡûн͡
˵ҩҪһЧһ̫̫׳ʣУºҪӣһ̤Źأ˭Ҳ˵׼ⶾ᲻ʱʲôӰ죬ÿЩø֮ǰ
飬

װּΣµսҲŴ׸泷˵çɽأʱס˵ĽسУȴԮ
ƽУƲֽʣǰϸϸ֪⽲ݵľƣǵطҸŸȥɽͷ֮䣬ںխܲɽ˺ܶපߣɽϻбӪ㹻ˣ׳䲻࣬඼Ǿ죬Ϊ˱ǡ
֪⿴ŰֽǼߵĻߣçɽɽɽһ·ī㣬ʾߺͱӪЩĿȾսϵҲ˼˽⣬̲סʵôխһ˴ﳷˣƣ᲻»𣿡
Ʋ׷±ʣĽ͵խɽгɽĵ·ϤΣҪ˴ȥ׽ڻɢúܿһʧ̾ͳߣǲ¡
֪ԷªĵͼϴӵߣʵǰдôԶ𣿡
ڵʱûУϸս⼸½ԭʱз񽻸˹ף˳ҹͻϮһսʧ˶ס͵·һСǣ˳ͻ룬Χסͣ±̫٣Ųò˵çɽ
֪⿴ֽϸݺЩӿͷײܹ븸Ĭ磬㻹ϻȥ𣿡
Ʋ׶˶١ô죬սӵսʱļѾƽЩսµļ⡣ָָͼϵçɽ˵пǷҲпǵȴʱ
µľ㶦Ȼ٣˽⽪죬ܰõڵϣٵж಻⣬ңʵڽ̫ˣçɽǴ߾һٶƣţǸڴ
ƲЩɽǹʾײôܿͼеӳϽл϶ôɣȻ˴һʼ;޿Խ߾ٵȵȣҹ죬ͻµս
յ룬ôֻҪϹףһϱԽָضܰǹ˵
ƲײĽģ  ζѪҺʼڣֽһģʱͿǷܲץס
̧֪ۿĿӥһȫţ·ʱҪεģ֪Ǹ˳ĸȻͬҲʵĿ
Ʋˣ͸ս֪ⲻҪĿģ磬Ϊʲôϻȥ
Ʋ׻عھС
Ҫ˵ʵ֪ˣ࣬һֱ˵ɷõֻзŶڼɣôΣҲŸҪھС
⼸ｪƲҹҹս£ûеͼԼôҲھС֪²ǲԵʣȻЩԽԽãһȰȥô֣ʵеŹ֡
Ʋ״ƤʱԳһָͻľǿУ°΢ţǼҲǣúֱļ˵ƽֱǵһΣôظ˵
ƲײƭҲ㡣
˵ģǧȷʵֻ˴󲿷ֳ֮ģʵ
û£չ˺Լ˵аء֪ȻЩǣǿȻʱֵ̫գһֱڵ壬һƫܷҲпܵġҡҡƲ׵ӣһղգһ˯ŵģҪң͸Ͻݣòã
ָҡʱƲ׾ԼǿűսȾøӲͻȻָ˿ȻģԽˣԽɳȰ
Ʋ׵ۣ⡣
֪ô˵жҪʲôģʲô׳־ǰֵһᣬֻҪƽƽġֻ֮飬ʲôҲ˵ûڲȷһʧ£ֻҸֽš
Ʋ׳һ롣
δйìܣƽĶۣȥһߣ֪ʲôʱܻδԪֲƣһֻ֮ǰͶ˵Ļ
Щìܣ֪ܴӵɫоһЩܲƲ׻Ҳ׷ʵôףȽµ˵ǰ˵Ҫʲô㶼Ӧ⻰㲻
Ʋ׼ǲ˼ش㡣
ǺãھҪ̻ȥ֪⿴粻ƭҵģԲԣ
Ʋû̻شɬУһۡȻ׿ȥ׽ϣֻô˵ôӲȡ֣ϣֻ˺޹˼ɵҪ
˵չǲͬġ
ſɬӿƲ׳ؿסҲƭ㣬ҪʲôҶӦ
Ǿ̻ݡ֪ҵŸ翭
ãƲ׵ͷãġ
׵İΣ˵ְ𣬻пڹģɳĿּôܾƲ룬ٶȸȥݣٶȽˣٶȸϻҪٵһ죬Ұͷ鴦ꡣ
ðźãóɧţҲϻˣл䡽Ĳ£֮ǰ̽лɵĵϸ
üЦݣã
ǰȫȫ⣬κλرԶáۣܲܵõƲ׿Ц⡣
֪һ̧ۿʱЦ£ûʲô㻶ϲͺá


77 
ƲװźѾ֮, лʱݵսոմ
ǰ춯ˣ˸ʤ, л䡴Ц, СʤôкϢһ¾, Ȼϵ
Ʋһϲ, ⼸һҹǣȵת˽⽪ģȻͱضкУƵֻ¡æر£
лЦʵʲô£
ȥ
ѽ, ûȥˣлֵ, , ٵȵȰ, Ȳż
ƲЩ⣬æ׷ʵΪʲô
½ոջʤ, ʿ, װҲˣ޾ýӦа, ;䡣л䡵
СʤñصСʤžǴʤһ̿ˣ½Ʋ׹ȥ, Ҫ¡˼Һߥװ, װȥ, лᣬǴ˾ٵʵĿġ
Ʋ׳ĬšʮսţƵеĺû˲ҪóܾˡǴδй飬ЩӦǾ仰Ψó͢벻㣬ûܹκε㡣
л䡻˵ĵˣӵýһй£ٸٸԭְ
Ʋ˵ʲôζ޹»ͽɡ
ûгߴ֮л䡸ٸԭְҲûܡ
Ҳǰװ׸ӹ٣лЦö
Ʋ׶˶٣
лɣԭ뿪֮ǰл䡽ã֮󣬵˵ʱܸолЩĲɡϾݵ£ϴμһνһˣʼûж
ҲлѾģҲлɲ£ˣϾôݡ
Щ𣿡лֵҪҽҩֻܿڡ
Ʋ׻عöˣͱ¹ġ
о仰һֱ˵лԥһ£ûмͦأ˶ݵˣֿġﻹõģҲ۲˶ʱ޿ȷĻڸģôһкӣҲִ̫֣˵˵ͣ
˵ͣƲ׳ˡܴ
ѽǵģܲܰڼһӰɣŮ˼Ҫˣ⳯㣬ĸʤл䡻Ȱǰ֣֪ܸĪɣǸնˣڸˣضܼӱúãҲ̫ǰ²ˡ
ƲĬĬš뼸ǰл䡿϶Ϊ˵ô࣬ʱ벻ұۣŰлеΣ֮ˣǵΣԼҲĥˣл䡾ͻ˵
Ȼ󣬵лǵԱȲһѺõĵһ㣬úסƲ׳ĬţνȡᣬȡᣬȻѡͱضҪһЩٹ⡣
ȸ˰ɣ޻˳¡л䡵޸ո˵ٺú룬ִ̫ˡ
Ʋ׳ſĹšȡᣬڣɳǰ˵һõػ
ڽ
̧һĴҴңƲе㾪ȡл˵ݵˣΪǿ濴ȻݵزɫͺֻһǿܵƵġ
ʲôɣƲһԲǰס
ɫУҪ̣ݵ¡
ƲײȻ֣޶ԥܿ췢ˣ㿴ûбҪװ
Ʋͣס˲ӡûκαҪװײУݵĽʿսҪװǰûǿеȥȣ
뵽˵˸ƣȥ
ƲƬ̺ȥ̫ԶԶվţ˵ѹúܵͣƲòװʼղȷЩ˼ֵװĿģ㿴أ
ԭװл䡱⡣лûƲʶѾųڻҪ֮⣬Ҳȡ븶Ĵۡû׷νЩ˭һЩ˻̫࣬ܰѼ򵥵øӡ
ûб̬ȼŭ˹֣Ըꡣ
úܽƲܿ԰ûѪɫƤڵѣ۰ףа촽ѾˣֱǲƲ׿лᡣĿģ˭
оôǨΪʲôҪװֱصƲǣôװװ϶л䡵ˣⲻʲô˭úô˭Ͳǡ
Ȼʡȷʵ̫ˣһ̺Щ˵Щ˾ǹ˼ҵͬл㡣
Ʋ׺һֻۣΪ˵£ʲô
˶٣ңҲڲ̨¡
̨ļ¼ȱʧ̫࣬ȻпǽҶֽţңˣҲڲ齪Ʋ׵
Ʋ׳һʱͷֻ俴һۣת뿪
ʱлϴЦȻ鲻СʤһƲ˵Ҫȥ޾ã²䶯ûӦ
ΪηŽƲأѾųڻҪ֮ˡ
ȻӲʧл䡵ϣһαģǴݵϢ
Ѯݱڴǰлװɲν죬ӲºȫƲʱлЦ˵ϴټǸʲô޸֣ҲˣͻΧףսʱر߾סһƲף۹ⲻǸ֮ģ
Ƽ塣Ʋײȫ֣˵ڳ֮¡
ϲּŵ꣬ǰĽݱУǸ˽ݱˡ
ĴˣУξл䡵ҲãڽУ޵Ǹܰġ
Уξ佫⵹ûûʲôӽƽ֮ʱҲǳ̣ѲֵصĻơƲһɲǷ·ᵽݾŷɳĸϢ˽죬漴ͷȥл¡
⼸͵¶޾ڹ磬úءлЦţɴɣŽ죬¶ˣƲףʱúúȼ
ﵱ죬лڹ磬ؼѽںݴݣƽ˼ҡҡƼңԼٵļҾ춼磬л֪в㣬ȥӣڹг˽Σ֪ԭȥΣҲֻȥˡ
ϯʼ̫л˫˫ӺּԲѽڣŮϯ֪ƾӯһǽƲ׺ͻƼҵǡ
̧һлףĿߣ֪תƾӯһģôһ
֪û˵ȴҲǾȵġϴԷԵ㲣ҲǵʲôزȻʱִӲ
ƾӯһ仰˵꣬˲ףæڹȥ˵ǱҪ˻׷᲻ǲ
ν׷ǽĵоְλߵļؾǣ׸ʵۣҲԾֹõķӣ֪ҡͷӦòᡣ
ԽݣΪһˣҴսչǱҲҪƺĵط϶߲ġ
ѵǹףƾӯ˼ţεǽҡ
ι֣䲻ΣҲ׷һʼʧ˶֪ʤȫŽ죬ʱ˶۶࣬Ҳ˵֪˭ܻؼһ˶ס
Ƴǰл䡾ƣ֪ͷ׺ÿҪ빬磬ӲһǹһԲ£ֿˣȻͬһҲǿЦˡ
֮ϣл˼Ƥϴź죬Цص˵⣬޿Ϊ㣬ר̴򷢽ȥ˽ô뷨Ӱ˺ȫıˡ
ŲԶľ뿴Ž֪⣬ϲǲΰ롣ϲܹǵѾĸУʵɣûҲͷ
žƵĻṪ񣺡Ӳ㣬£ϯϢ
˵л䡵͵һЦˣø
һͽȥƫϢ
£֪һ̧ۣһǰвɲЦ˵ūһ͹ȥƫϢ
֪ʱѩֲһҪֲרӣԭл䡣Ϊ˳
Υ֪лƲˣҪʱлֽƲ׹޺ȼ
Ʋԥţ֪磬ȥɡ
ƲҲֻðˣߵǰһͷ֪ո߳ţ벽ţһǰһ̤ããҹɫС
ƫȥһȣ֪ŵӰţỺĽŲʼͬĲǳ
û˵ֻĬĬţý֪Щ⣬־ɡȷʵҲûʲô˵ģڣʡ¡
תսǱƫ֪߼Ҫʱ͵͵⡣
֪ȤѴ䵽ȥˣ̧֪ۣڳϣ԰״һĨİĺ죬һ˫Ծ׵ڣ⡣
֪û˵̧ҪżͻȻ˽У㣡
Ϥ֪⾪ϲŻͷƼõЦ
л˵


78 
һ׷, չأܻһ˿ˡ
Žų̱ܵ߿û׼ܸ, ǰû˯, ϵģ׸Ҹ
Ҹս, ûݼ, ǰ㣬һ·׷ŹȻǰ㣡
Ƽһ˵ˣ۾ؿס֪⣺㣬һˡ
ͺá֪̫, Ҳ̫ϲ, ̱һֱЦ
ĬĬվšû, û˿һ, ˵Żڱ, , ѹڡ
һŽ̫Ҫܼ, û뵽ȻڹƼЦ̫ˣ
°ЩʿҾ춼ˣ常ӯ㶼أ֪ƳԼ΢΢¡С, ڻϲ, ͻȻеִ, æȹڣȥǰɡ
żƼĿ˳ĿȥЩܿЦǱߵʱŰڻʲôģ˵ҲЦô죬ƫô벻ۿˡ
ҹ紵½󣬳ﷺζҲǡ
ϹӣЩƽвľóгҵ⣬ҲóȻѾûʸ˵ʲôˡ
ǰ鷿Ƽῴʱʮֲ죬ʱ򣬲ԼڶʼɣǴʲôˣȴѾ̫ˡ
֪ЦģʱԽϤԽ벻ʲôģ
𣿳ʶػţǵģʲôʱǷԼ⣬ģһֱǼŵģ۾ͳǰ
ô㣬ҵģ𣿡Ƽ͵Цţ߹طɳĥʵ˼ֺζûҰɣ
ϸϸţůȵϢݡƥͷɳζζڸ׺ֳģЩ۳ɳеģǰѾٲϤĶʱˡ֪òöеȣʶ˿һôᡣ
Ƽأһͷ߸ߵųӰƻ¹⣬һϣ㣬ҡ
Уξ
ʱˣҲ֪ԼʱڻôᣬȻҲؿűУξɾȥл
УξէȥЩİ֪Ȼ֮ǰлģƼžѾѲУξƷ뽪ƲױȼˡЦûйء
żھдŻܴ죬һҾ͹ȥƼüۣ׼ôң
һƳ׺ķΧУξ߰ɡ
˸ƣƼ崽ЦûɢΣƳһۣ֪ˡ
Ӧȴߣֻ뽪֪˵΢˱鷿ǴεԣܳסҲ˹ٳѧÿ졣ʵսںδ
ôƼתҪ̸£
΢Ц׷Ǳ£Ҳֲ˹ʰɣ
ûбŭѹ﷭ӿ࣬ĮĿǣ·ϯҶ졣
ӴʱˣǱǱҲϢأۿԣæԲУξūȥݰɡ
Թɫǰ˿˸߰˰ˣҲ֪лصͽ֪ƫϢΪ˴ԾշޣЦŴߴٻƼ壺Уξ߰ɣñµȵþ˾Ͳˡ
Ƽ˶٣⹬ﴦǳİ֣á
ͷŽ֪⣬ŵ᣺Ъţؼҡ
תͷг˶죬ôͬһһɡ
֧þóѣǷҪ֧Ļصϳһ
ûҲû˵ɳٿ죬չҲֻ꣬һ֣Ӯˡ
Уξ֪չ˽أæŽͣӿ߲á
ԭˡƼü۳ȥ֪ȥɣ¡
ǽ壬ǰܡЦ⵭ظУңҺܿͻ
һһͷߵԶˣ֪ż߲ͣæǰȥֻ䣬类֪˦䵭㡣
Ůæǰסԭأ߽£ϲӿȴţһҲ˵
ôˣӺѾ죬ͷһΣϿڸ˵
Ѫӿͷ֫ǰЩΣܵΣƮƮģ޻ϵģڻϲΣ׷ȥѥ׿ĵżӻ˻æվסѣжڣ˳°ڣԼЩ
һʱ䣬ڸ˵ˣǹιķ硢ƮµҶǰνĶվǰȴˣڿ϶Ը˵˵һ仰
仰Ķᷳ
Ըܻ֮ЩϸЩϵģʲôİˣʲôκˣ˼ܻΪͣס£ֻһ˲£ᷳ
˼㣬ҲЩƮŮˮæһǰס
ȲȣֲҺȣָֻűĴ̥һ£䲻ȵ¶ȣǺʵģ˫͵֪ǰȵˮ
֪ûнӣָֻ˴ǰ䵭Ǿˣ΢΢ۡ
űվŵţˮһȥ͸ˣ۽ٵµģûȡ
йŮȲˣЩĹƷл䡷Ըģ½֪ⷽûԺáˮŰϵı̡ǼǵõģϲģһŽ˫ŸԵɣҹﳤɢʱֻҪˡ
ĶüһǲżζƵģɿת
֪ᷳǲ⣬æڱϣּ˿Ŵźϣƫ䵭ÿ
ڶ仰ˡϲֵţϺܳʱ䣬Եô٣ôܵˣѵΪеģ㲻ϳ?
Ҳֻ˵ϣɹŮǰˣ֪˼һ۲գؿţܽؼƬͷƬҨ˼׻ڵģƬǴĿڸУãȻţ֮ǰ˵Ůк󣬺ܶʱζҲű仯
ʹĿζʲôֻǴʳ֮Ҳܹ̫ϸҲֻͳ˵˼䡣
ĿζҲǸűˣ֪Щܶ飬Ѿ֪ˡ
ȻǰҲ֪٣ܹ飬˵һЩġ
ıѹϲͷվڱϣ΢΢¡ĶӣһٹĺӣĺӾͻûлߣǸӣûлΣյʱȺԺûлῴһף
վţĿ͸֪ӣǺӵģҲʱѾˣ޷ۿǺӣҲӵĿЦ
һµͷӿˣ޸𣬻Ƽ
ͷһҲ޷޸ˣĺӻб˸ףߣֻһз
ָģŴѹżʲʡôҲѹסһɲǣôܲˣһжռ§ڻҪ˵ˣҲ޸κˡ
ʲôҲ˵ʲôҲ
˱ۡе鶼ܵпֻǳǰ֮һʲôҪ
ļ޸˱ˣĺҪб˸סţɬ⡣
֪ںе׶£ûлӦ
⡣૵ģֻһ
˵ˣļ޸˱ˣôȺӳ󣬸ߺӣĸ˭ӿߣ˻ȥˣõġûҪĶô꣬õȫȫİѾ˽ңѾ쿪ûʲôɱԹģ󣬻Ҫĺӣô鷳
һڶͺûиģϲϲػȥΪģܼˡ
ʲôǰҲӲҪʲôȻǰ㴿⣬٣ҲŬ
û˵ĬվţŽ֪һͷ⵽Եñȴǰ࣬еϲٲôᣬûӰ쵽θڡԵú棬ϸʣ죬ҲûϲӦǺӳúܺðɣҪ֣úóԷ
Ӧøеϲûúܺãͺӣȴǰʱõöࡣ
֪һڣ˿ӡ
̫࣬ԺüǲܵģϯȻͻƾӯչˣȻǴãϯǰףǣӵĲһ룬ԸղûԼڡ
͵ģӦöǳõģζУҲϸ£ʱԵ߰˷ֱ⣬⣬ȻʲôĶ㡣
Ůë֪ӹ֣йŮڵˮ֪ˣˮʱǰӰһΣ۹ˣ˫ַŵǰͷҲţǫ̬
֪ԥһ£ӹúܵͣܿ԰ݵŨܵĳë΢΢ţ֪ǲǱʲô
֪⻹ԥ˵ܵͣţֻ⣬ڡ
֪ͷﺬŵˮ³Ůæַˮ֪һڡʼվǰš
߰ͷ­ǰ£ͦñֱ˶֪ӹ»ë˲졣
ԭҲͷԭͷʱ͵ôףһֱ͵ȥ
ۣһɲǾַͷ£ţһֱؼȥôˣڿϸ˵ˡ
۾ţţֻۣͷ˵ЩʲôмһҲ˵ٵĽŲԶƼЦ㣬ؼң
վţ⿴ȥߴЦЦݣΪ


79 
ν, ͻȥ֪⿴¹һǰһ, Ʋ׺ͻƼ, Ƽ˵ü۷, 
ôķɳ, ͻΧҹ㱻ɳöмϤ·ϱ
ΧñʹˣסçɽǰڴϣƸӦ֪
֪Ʋ׼̴һ䡣
¹, ֪⿴Цݺܵ, һ˫״Զ, ֪֪㯡
Ǻȥġ
˻Ų·, һͷڴǾ˸׽, ȫߣƼЦ, Ψһϧǣ͵ʳ̣һ, ʱ򲮸ŲСףڶ֮ǰһ磬Ͽա
ƲĬĬţ֪ĬĬ˸磬Ƽ۳ɳ, Чҹ, Ϊ, Ӳ˸ֵѲߵУξ
Ȼ׼˵飬һߵڣȰҲȰ֪룬ȺԺΣ˵ȥ
Ƽ岢û⵽Ʋ׵Ƶе˷ܺͱطϲôҹĻࣺݵĹϹȾĶ࣬һʱһ𣬵ְ˼Ҳ֪߻ûУƸͰ
Ҽǵðͦϲޣ򼸶ӻߵ̫ûüһȥ˺úϼԡ
ϴθҴͺʹ֬رãߵʱ򣬰ٸҴɣ
Ƽҵĳǰ棬ƾӯ̽ͷЦ˵ûԼˣôҪģ
ֲˣƼͷȥ֪⣬ǲǣ
ƲײҲȥ֪Цﱸ˺ö࣬ߵʱٴЩ쳤õϡ
ԣǲˣƲ׵ۣߵЦԽԽ
˵ЦڷУʴԶţаٸн
ԭദʱģ
ҲҪһվѣƾӯޡŮʱǰܾ󣬿һζûӦ
ǹ³Ӳٻ˼߶ҲĹأרϣӲں飬ΪΪӱ븶ĴۣȻʱЦ̵Ȼʶһʼ֪⣬ô
ӳص𷽲ƫ䵭룬Ӧá̤ģ䵭ǧ򱶣š
¹ҹĻƱ紵˿˿Ƴİ𣬳׷Ž֪Ľ߳ǣ߹ʳǣҪ뿪ˣ´μ滹֪ʲôʱ᲻þôˡ
Ϥʹֿʼ֫ദǰ쿪ʼҩ⼸Էǰôɣ벻ʱͻȻʼĥ
߿ʼģ˷ӿԽԽǳ˽ӲɿƵԽԽԶƳ˫˫ӭѾ˶ʱҩԲȶԺҲߣȷʱΣֻҹ磬ʱ뿪ʱ
ʱˡ
֪ûȥˣ̲סĽٶ߼ǰס˲ɣʱ䲻ˡ
òͣסңңǰҹϡʱжЩٶۣ˺ܾãֱ˺ܾãģֱ֡
ڽлƼ塣֪ûзһֱں棬Ӳͷһۡ
ʺͰûڽţѹó͸Ĵߴ٣ˣȥɡ
ǸûȥˣöʱģѾô࣬ô֪ʵ飬ʱĲųصĲӣһһͷķ
ǰǻ˵ЦƾӯżȻһͷһһҷųһȥƾӯѿڽ̫ҽ
кûˣæƽ˱ˣƾӯһֱϸϴž£ˣæԸͣ£ֽе̫ҽм̣
ԥһ£ȥء
ɿ첽߹ȥƾӯԸŲŲųʵæ𣿡
ǡӦţĿʼ׷ųıӰŲܲȣһһ͵ģѾʼþϹȥ
˺ûУƾӯĲɣ˳Ŀ⿴ȥסˡ
ţ·߲ȣɷϯûгԾƣǾͲƣѵǲˣٿ⸱ٴеģƾӯԽȷӦǲˣʲôô죿ϯ֮úõģһžͳģ
Ѿˣ͹һЩ£ȸһ
תҪߣƾӯæס𣿡
һϣȻѣڻƾӯǰϴЩԥܿ챻ƾӯ֣ǲʲôң
ûУûСӲͷƤϡ
ƾӯġ¹úܣܿεúܲõĻţƾӯϸϸţʵϴž£Ϊʲô׷
ʶؿԶĳǳţ˼º£ȻЩ˼ȷҲû˵ʲô
ƾӯ˳Ŀ⿴ȥĸʢôѵǳ˼׷ģżҴѹ㣿
ǣˣಢˡæ˵
һڣʶ仰ڳ˳֣ĿѾƾӯĿעˣΪʲôҪž
šΪʲô׷ʹܲµ֣ΪżҾͬƾӯ룬ĵ˺ӡ˽²һӦǳż̸׷žӦҲ֮һЩ£޴֤Ҳʹ˽
ƾӯȲĻشּɫԥԽģҾ˵ΪʲôôҲԭǳţȥ˵
æסȥ
ܾôˣô۸˵ġ
ŪˣĿ϶żңӳŵƻ𣬸ɾ棬Ҳ£㡣
ƾӯһ˵ʲô
ǰһ죬ҹɡž֮£ȷҪҲҪᣬ룬Ӧ˸ż̸׵Ϊǻ˳룬ߺӡ
ƾӯ΢ź촽ﲻ⿪Ŵʱޱû̸룬Ʋһ˵ʩѹԭǰΪǽƲײɾӹԭˡ
ֻﻹЩţôģΪʲô˵
Щúͷ롣ǳΪʲôԴΪֽ֪⻶ģΪʲôҪţ
оɲ֣ǸҵøϽˡ
һ·ǰ׷ƾӯĿıӰ˳ǰݵӰ¥ĺӰӿϣ·Щ߲ģƾӯšüͷ׷ʲô
㣬˵ûƼǰϹʲôѽ
ƾӯ񣺡ûʲô
ȥžô£ǳġƾӯò⣬֪ⲢԸǳģҪҪ
ײײص𣬻û袳˽ˣǱʧˣоŮʬǰգ
̧ۡ


80 
һʼȷ, ձǸ۷
ҹأ֪֪, ˸һ, ضʱηﶯֽš
ƾͼ, ֻ, 袶ţյʬͽʬʱ袾ڷ˴ӵµİ̧˰յʬ壬ûе, Ҳǳ, Ҫųߵ, Ѱڳ
˳ȥ, ⰵȻڣͨʢиҪ·, һ, лҵꡣ
ʮи, Ѱ˸߰˰ˣճļƻһ죬û뵽ʱǰлҵ걻һѴ˸ɾеһûܵȫ, оݲŮʬ, ôӦʧ˵İա
, ô죿ŵصȴָ
лҵѻ𣬺ܿǶԷѾĶѹ̫Ѩ죡
һҹةĵƻҹƬ̲ۣŶĥһջطųȥߣѰĩ˵ˡ
һн֪Ⲣ֪飬ڲ·ƾӯ𣬻Ƽһֱ͵ǰҪ³ƲȹסƼ˵ȥɣʱˡ
Ƽûм֣Ц֪֣㣬ˣһ㣡
ˣƲ׷Ž֪˳һ·ϵͷһ仰Ҳ˵֪żȻ̧ۣԶĵƻɫƺ£̲סʵ磬ôˣ
Ʋ׻عû¡
֪ԼݣƼùض磬ǲݣ
ǡƲ׺ܿϣм˵
ʲô£֪ʵ
Ʋ׶£еò⣬˳ǰס֪⣺ƲױͷȥˣûطС
̧֪ۣƲ׵üãá
֣Ȼûߣɫĺܣضף֪߳ͷվں¹⣬һ
ͻȻһ˿ĸо֪عͷ£ǲݣ
Ҫȥͺˣ̾õǰ̣ôô벻
ֹĸоֳˣ֪ܾãΪʲôϻȥ
ͷ˭֪أǶˣĻҲȥˡ
ֱŵĸоԽԣ֪⻹ʣݣЩ˯ɣ̫ˣ
ﶯжƣ֪Ҳֻðˡ
һҹ˯òô̤ʵ֪μ˽Ʋףμ˻Ƽ壬μӲݣ̻ɳǵأվɽͷƲ׷ŷɳһ·ǰȥΡĳšʱ˳ռʱݲ԰ף׷ͣƺڸ˵ԽԽԶͻȻһ⣡
һѪ֪̲סͷڵϣѪ֪Ȼ
ͷϾһ亹쵽˼㣬֪Ŵ޺С˶æһôôູ
Ļŵ֪ⶨһŻӹӲ˲û¡
Ȼô˵ȴ쵽˼㡣֮ͷһμֵΣͺʲôԤƵġ
һˣֿ֪ĬĬãֱŷޣ´ϴ
˾ţֱ緹ʱƲ׺ܿ췢ˣɫеǲﲻ
û£֪ⲻ˵ֻ⣬磬Ҫ˵ʲô
ڣƲ׿һֹۣŲƼЦ㣡
ϸһƼŸ˽װǹϹǲõЦĸƸ磬Ҵݴ棬㳢
˳£ʹϹϴкã˵֪£ʱڲ䲻ȣ̫ůůţһɢȥƼ㳢ϡ
ȥƤѣгСƵĹ͸ģ֪Ⳣһڣģ𡣡
ϧûժĺóԡƼҲһţҡҡͷΪ·ߵ̫÷ŻˣժĶеĹϣ»Ҽժ·߿㡣
ֲʲôϡǰҲƲģ𣿻͹
ǵأҴģҵһƼЦţӣ㳢
Ʋ׸˻ȥܶԣݲҪƹĺ档
Ƽæӣ´δǱߵĺҲر𡣡
֪Ц´ٻͲ֪ʲôʱˣͷЩ꣬Ƽʵ㣬һֱһţǲ̫æûϣ
֪Щ⣺д𣿡
ûյƼţϴƾӯʱ˵֣ʲôʱдģ
յݾ͸дţ½½д˼⣬Ƽ忴ϵľȣ֪ȷʵûյæοҲǶˣû£һͷʳ˾Ǳߡ
֪룬ʵдЩʲô
ûʲôǹ߳ЩƼЩ죬ЦΣҲǲ̫ˡ
ʵǵú²ʱд˾ŷţյд˵һ⣬ڶһ⣬һпоͻдţɢɢдֽһܼĳȥ˵ЩʲôҲ˼Ҳûô¶ǣܹǣܿġ
ҹʱɫ糣ʵģҲûҲû˼ܹķӦ̫ƽˣƼе£֪ûյ˵һʧ䣺ȥͬĳģļⶼյˡ
Żûиһ࣬ʱ룬ְԻϲӴ˿Թдţ֪Щ˼ţȴ͵
ãȥ֪
ˣĬʱĽƲͻȻ˿ڣЩţҸˡ
֪һʱѹüֽۣ꣺ȫ
Ƽ䲻⣬Щ㵣Ϊʲô
ΪʲôƲһҲ룬㶼дЩʲô
Ƽɫˣ㿴ˣ
ûƲ׷ϣдʲô붼óЩĻҾò
֪ţģһ˼ȴãģֵһһ֪ôźãۿϣ۵֭ˮ䦳ŽƵĹȿ
Ƹ磬Ƽųеĺأһ㣬ֳùˣдţû¡
Ʋײô룬е㲻Խ֪⣬̲סһۣƵʢɻãȴǰһа㻳֣Ʋһæת
ţֻаܾ㡣ƼվƸ磬Ż㡣
ƲҲվߴѹҪ˵ʱƼױææУξ¼빬
ֳƬ̾Ĭ֪ſ˿ڣ壬ȥɣʲô»˵
Ƽɫ̱ΪºͣҲˣá
ƲʱšüƸ磬һ˵
ûʲô˵ģǶݵƲ׶ˣɤӣЩҴύ⣬Ժ㲻Ҫдˡ
Ƽ忴ĿһȥЩ̣֪ⲻ˼㣺磬
Ҳ磡ѹֶʱƲ͵תֱֱҲ硭
֪סˣ춯ææƲףҪ˵
Ѿ߼βԣƲײòʻʣµĻŲôȻЦȰŻƼ壺ȥɣµأ¡
ǧͷһʱҲ壬Ƽû磬ת뿪
֪ؿıӰʧԶƳƲ׳̲סֽһ硣
ƲŨڵüҴûдӦҲǲϲôУʮ̫꣬ϰˣҲܸĿڡ
ƲףɫȻСһ𳤴ֵܽãдҲǳùˣԺõ˽£Ҫ֡
Ʋײ˵д֪ˣæȰضĿǺú˵
ȻĿôűһһΣƲû˵ĬĬŽ֪⣬ȷù֣һأô
һ˵ùȥĽһֱ˵Ҳû˰취ֻ÷ԸȥǲǱ£ôʱٰ
ãƲ׵ͷǡ
ת뿪ѹֵ˼㡣磬硣׵ˣԶκοܵģˡһ磬һֻĬĬšˣĸײͬ⣬ҲҲͬ⣬ǻҵ⣬Ҳֻڸֵ£Զù⡣
֪ĿӰʧԶʵΪʲô˵Ҹ磿
ûʲô룬ЩͷҸ˵
ƲһȥֱŻǾͻȻеңطرϣ廹ڹûҲǰµĵܹȥ
϶ô˵ģɽƲײţ¿л䡷лɵİѱ׼֣Ȼ˻Ƽʻʱֲ֪Ϊʲôˡ
еˣò˼飬ôЩӲй¡
ΣСΪϣѾѲҹļҶƲ׵滨԰Ҳˣ⼸Ƕȥȫ
лһǽ֮ѱʲô԰ΧǽȻѾãȻǰлɣǲģʵ̫ˡ⣬⼸ţҲ𵽴߶ɣȷȥ˵
ãġ֪˳Ĵ
磬硣ƲһĲֳȥΣֻǸ硣Ʋףڽл˵
˵ʲô޷ǻЩƲ׳ĬҲ޷ѵ
֪ȥֱֹסʱƾӯˣ⣬Ҹոյ֪һ¡
֪ģԥţ¡


81 
żͬ, ǳġ
ңҲǳ̸ġ
ô̸Ҳž˵, ҲҲ
ƾӯ֮ǰžĽ, дŭ
Ǹӣҹ˵֮, ԼžȥԺѯ, žΪת⣬˳ظϹһΪ£ʱգ
˭˵ģɣ, Ҿ֪, ҹҾ˵, ڴ·˵˵ЦЦ, ȵòˣ֪è壡
Ҵǰô֪ôͣ, ʹö
кĸ˴ߺӵĵΪͷ, ٳˣƾʲô㣿ǲˣϣ
ƾӯ, ˰ž˳ȥ⼸仰Ҳ㹻ף֮˳߻ǳԵʡƾӯԥţ£ǷĶ顣, ҡ
л, ý֪ͬ⡣²һжΪ˽֪, ȻƽƾʲôΨһϵҲֻн֪⡣
֪֮⣬һ˿Ȼ˵ĸо˳˶þȣƲҲһ˵Ǹʱ᲻ǳ
뷨ֻһ˲ԼţϾǸϤĳӲΪ˵˷һעΪʲôˣ
֪˵ʲôζӯ㣬ôôùҡ
Σƾӯ̾˿û뵽
ΪŽ֪ԵʣÿοûʲôɫӽȴǲˣȻԲ֪⣬ɳȴжƾӯţ֪ò˵⣬ôҾӦΪ㡭
ûӦ֪ͷֻܳ񣬻ƾӯס֣⡣
̧֪ͷӯ㡣
Цû˵ƾӯʱȻʮָӣҲû˵§ڻġ
ƾӯߺ󣬽֪ⷴ£ҹĻ£˯ţ·Ժҹɫ
ͷһԲ¸ӳݼβ֪ôҲ벻ͨΪʲôҪôĮ飬Ī˵ǻƾӯ££ҲӲϣôͻȻˡ
ĺ˫ǫ̬ͣ糿ǸΣѪڵϡ͵һ֪ҡҡͷ·ܰ˿־ĻϳԺ֮⣬ֻǸΰˣö˶˵ģôֻܱجΰˡ
ȴ̲סȥ룬⼸μ棬һαһ㲣һαһݣѵʲôȻǴڻ԰һһ˵Ķһ㡣
һˣͻȻЩ䣬֪ʶػסӣͻȻƲ׻⡣
֪ͷƲ״һţ˹
ڶȻû֪ԥһ½˹Ʋü۵ʹԲ𡣡
ɬЩѣҲЩţҲһֱ㣬⣬Բ𡣡
û£硣֪ţһŷ⣬ÿⶼģд˺ܶҳƼȥҲ¹򣬾ŷţҪдһ⣬ǰЩģĲ˿ͻȻμ
Щ˽ƲΪʲôҪЩţԼҲǿˣЩصøĶֻģᵽϢܿ
Ʋ׿ȴûв𿪣ֻǿ˷Ƥֿ棬صģ¹ˮӣƲ𷽲Ļʮ׸磬ͻȻҪ⣬ô죿
ǰóóȻ˵Щ϶ѽܣ˵࣬ô죿
Ʋ룬һһġںģ»˭ܹȫȫչܹ˽Ը⸶һлһЦ
УƼСƼҵͬƼȢһźӵŮӣƼ廹ܶһ棬Ҫ˵˲֪ҪѶٹ򣬾ǿͬˣָĹϵôû
ﱦƵˣǰѾܰί
ĵ㣬ĵ㡣һףֻá
֪ǵŷȥ˺ܾãеңˣ͵飬£޷ϡ
ǵţƲ̿۾ֹ֪˿磬Ǻö겻һˡ
ǰӾô꣬ÿＸھжȹһսϣ߿ô껹ͷһΡƲ׽ŵֽ˽ԺÿҶ
ѽ֪ҡͷֻʣ°һݣ̫µˡ
ƲˣתĨǵģȰȥȥˣ˭չа취ġ
ٵȵȣºӣȺٴ㣬ȥԸͺһȥ
߽ҪأҼ˶ôһ˴뱲ӣ᲻ɸ׻˰ѪҪ֮ġ
ٵȵȣѺȹѰһʱ䣬˵
֪ͷȻƲײӦȥȻǰ̬Ѿɶ٣ðο̲ס׷糿ţΪʲô˵Ҹ磿
Ʋ׳ǣǿЦ⣺ûʲô
뵽׻ǲģһ죬ҲˣԸ𣿡
һģشúܿ죬˿ԥԶǸ硣
飡£ʧƲתԶǣ硣Զ׽ܣԶ粻ǵ蹵
֪ԽԽ󣺡磬ôˣ
ûʲôĵ㣬ˡƲվʱˣȥ˯ɡ
֪֪ǲ˵ŵ㽿֣ܾãͰҡ
ģýƲ˼㣬ƭ˵һУȻĸΥôֹ֮˼ɺͽҵĵλֻԼ˽顣Ŀ
Ǿ˵ȷʵңԣ֪һ촽ˣҲˣǲңضڻ˵
ĺܹԣôôԡƲ۾ţá
طԺţֱĴϨˣʱộӦûпЩţƲ׾ÿοԼվҹɫȴֱûתȥ
֪һҹԾ˯òȣμ˳׷֪Σе󻹻ῴѪڵϵģҪ㿪ֱ֣ҪȥˣС
֪ȻֽϻҰ׵⣬컹ûдƼΪʲô£ôżϻȥ
Ҽ̡ƼһװᣬΪܶ죬㰢㡣
һڹл࣬ʵҲϸݵĲǰһ̽졢סӸԵλúӦԣװǷӵǲ˵սս
ΪʲôҪЩлû˵ƼܿݴԼ¡
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Ӧ£ܸйءƼţƲ׵Ƹ磬ˡ
Ʋԭ򣬵ûʡ쾩нϣƼ屻빬һҪ̣Ʋײ²⣬Ӧ¡л䡱ض飬£ûеõ١
뿪Ȼֻ£ȻʱǨѾǶݾƾصЩ飬ʡƲ׶СЩ
֪ƼЦֱڼЩɴ˿̶û壬ٵƸ磬дŹɲˡ
ᡣƲ鸴ӣһЦ
֪˽Ƽͳţߵ־ͷʱԿͷ֣ңң㣬أ
֪֣ţһ˿ɣ£ؾҪҪЩˡ
Ӻ󣬻Ƽͬӳǣ¥֮ϣճš
صĳźȻϣµڶΧҡ
нϣѭʮ鵽Ѹһɵˣִһ飬Ǹռ鱨Ԥõ֯ȻͷĿû˳ſڹ׷ȥͷһˮģװνӡ
ݵľ黹û͵лʱӾѾ֪ǰͷ˾ټõ˳Ļᡣ
ɱҲֱ֯ʡ
Ŵ󻧵˽֮£ѵľҲмأЩаѱˣƲ⣬ӦһвȣΪ֯ӡ
ͨĽ֯Ƕŵģǳá
ˣҴҸ̫ϱׯˡ
ׯİӵʮ꣬ԽͷԽ࣬Խӣֿڣ첽³¥Σ
鰸ĺׯݼٰġ˵ţҲ÷˼ׯ䲻
죬ǸׯʮѲһҧû˽ŹʤʶʲôգֱһԱͻȻ֣ôãȻһ
̫˻ŷ־Ȼߣׯ
ͣסӣǰЩɵѸӡպ͸ׯںʱȴׯల£ׯɫںȴŹ˰ա֪ׯǼٵģпܣׯǰձ˰ŵġ𣿡
ˣǽָʹ˵װһˣ֪˭
ǽӡԭƲ⣬Ӧлɻ߹˼ˡԸѺӼˣ빬ּѺӹ鰸
쾩иǷণйǣĹԱԽԽ࣬ĵлɺ͹˼ңʼղἰ
ھļܿ춼ѺѺӻؾʥּҲӼյظˡ
žлۣ©˷
ҲƲ⡣ǰлҵǰѻӦĻ֮˵õϢʬ𼣣ȻмļʱӦӵˣܿ鵽Щġ
ӣҲǸող鵽ͷϣԶݵĽӾ֮֮ܵ֯ܣǰƲĸⲢǵģͶˡ
װӪ꣬ׯĹ棬ôװڻǱӣټлɣװݵλã̾ͳĸ󻼡һݴģȻʱ䲻Ϊ˧֮һݲض˽⣬ӺȥһͶ磬ݾǼв
лҲո뵽һ㣺ּ죬عýӳȥ
Щ齪Ʋ׸֪߰ľõǣһӳȥһݲй¶ˣ׾ͲòµĸǳǵķӣһضţҪĥӦĵطοǶ졣
˲óũȱٺȣ߳ҪԽ°٣ÿ궬춼ݷԽʱн״ѩϼ˪
Щ½֪ⲻֻܾܶѾگ϶ץ
ΣƲ׵ѡ
çɽô󣬱߾ôһ÷أһˣһϤִˣҪӳȥ¡
֪ⵣǵɫƲæָĿڣиڣ϶û⡣ٵȵȡ
һȾ͵˾µףϢӳ߾Ͷ硣
л䡴ŭӸĸСΣټҲ˰̲࣬ࡣ
еĸŴҲܴǣģѭ׷ȥֶβ鴦һϢݳĹԱֲ鵽һЩļĸ֯ӣһʱĻͻͣ˵ص֯ûһ£ЩΪĿȱⲹȱĺӵܣְҡ
ƽΪ˶࣬츸ӳ⣬ǸɿģЩʼշƽ˾֪·ԽԽжٳţΨһĵǾԶݵĸסۿǶˣԸ죬ܹƽȥ
ʮһ³ʱһӼս
˴çɽС͵Ϯһѻݾݡ
ҹݳǣ׶ʱ׹ȣɳʧȥϵ
֪էȻţֻһ죬һ仰Ҳ˵ģпɷ׵ס֣ƽһȣ£㸸״ССٳս£¡
ձ£Ʋ״ӹиϻĸף⡣
ǴδйأѾñ׼̸ݡ
ãͷҽҵж
Ʋתͷ֪⣬໰ߣȴһҲ˵ã⣬Բ𡣡
˵Ҫչ˵ҪƽºӡΪɿһԶڼȴò뿪
磬֪Ȼʳ
ܶ࣬⼸½½һٶʯӣг׳󣬸綼ȥ
ӶǴӱģһ·ϣһھĿⷿ֪⼱վȥҸƹ񡢹ܿ⣬ʰ
Ʋס
˵ѥƾӯ˽⣬ĸƸȥݰɣ
Ʋ۾Щȣá
ȱģʳûʿܴҲֲ֧˼졣лѾٽףȱʱһʱҲ׵ʳϣܽȼü֮
ʱ󣬽Ʋ׳ǰݡ
ɪͤǰĴѾҶӣ֪⻹һͺͺ֦磬һ·ƽҵͰ
Ʋ׽ӹһ˲˵ҲǸ磬Ҫ֣ʲôû˵
ḧ˸ͷ⣬ˡ
ǰŻ죬ûлͷ
֪ĿӰʧڴͷµģǿûᡣ
ȥɣ䣬С
֪ⳤһʣҵȥ˿ⷿ
ƲҪ·ѺʳлѾ٣˶ϤȥһˣſⷿǱ߾ʳװá
һ͵Ҳܶȼʿ
Ȱ˼ȰֻôӦһȥ
У֪⽫ƿһ죬ĬĬŵĶվԽԽ֪ʶػͷǳ
׷󣬽⡣
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82 
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һʱֻǶԽԽĳһݲ԰, , ûѪչֻǸجΰ, ö˶˵, ôܻѪڵϡ
ֺοġ
׷ţŴ¶İܽ棬ĻϲҪ硣ǵһܿãƺ˹ȥĺۼ, һޣ⣡
ССĴȴͻȻ, ֪ʧˡ
ĵĻϲͻȻ, ĬĬ, ƥĳͬٶȣ¡
Ū, ǲԸ, ֪ҪȥַǱߣл, Ĳ£ٽ죬л߶ͣһӡ
ڲַͣסһƬĴݣ, ̤һĹͷĲľζ, ֪Щϰ, ƫͷһ˵סڱǣǺ㡣
æȡ潪֪ϣƹſַܲĻƸڱңѾװ䷿ʣ䷿
յϴӣװõʳһϸߣʮװװڵķڣæȻ죬ͣʮĴ󳵵ߣ֪ͷʣµĻҪװꣿ
ٻҪһʱ䣬ƹװЩ͵
Ʋʱ˹ʳױæôҪЩ֪Ϊͷһ죬ԥ֮䣬Ѿ£װ֮½Ұͺá
̧֪ۣɫУ·̫Զɹٸ氲ţ򵽲ô죬ƹǱҲְæİɡ
죬ȷЧʸߵöࡣ֪û磬˸ĵط£ų켸ԱָӰţܿ콫þ
ǰЩ˸Ϊսװ˶ֻһˣ³˷˹ĸﵹʳܳסڣܷڣʣµһվˮϰᣬһʱͰһ䷿һƹŴƵܺĿгһʿרװװһȥӪʱӪнʿ͡
֪⿴һӦͺñȴһ˾ְţǰһѷӿȥȷʵ˺ܶࡣ
ȵˮһյˮǰ
֪ԥһ£׽˹վڱϿȣϸҪҹȫװ̫꣬ã䣬ӦžС
֪û˵ǳǳһڣȵˮֵ˵ƽ
֪֪ƽݻǧأʳΪ˾֣ȥƽʲôʵΪʲô
һϲ֪ôݵ᲻ʣ˵˻ƽ¼̫ԶߵǴӾֱ˹ȥҪʮܵǱߵȲķ̴Ӹص˹ȥٲЩصĿա
֪ЩˡվһϰʳĻһȥƽƽȥݸأЩصȥݣͬʱУǧصľͱ˼̣ݺܿܵõ
ȻǸ÷ӣɾﰲżһԽֵ࣬Խ࣬ļʾԽ󣬽֪̲סҪ̫ˡ
һ֪ѾеĹϣһ򶼼ϻۡ£ǰʱùӣ漰ضо飬ŶС
̸ֻ£ǰ˵ѾóĿϲҪѹסԽͷŵú᣺Ҫһ˿̫ܣҪǾ͵ݣҷһš
֪û˵յˮһڣæˮˣٸȵġ
˫ŲˮˣҪȥůƵģ֪⽫ˮյ£ˡ
Ҵеģæ
֪⿴һۡǰϸĵЩϰߣҡҡͷ
̫һƫ¼ƬҶʶصڽ֪ǰ⣬ؼȥɣ̫ˣˡ
᲻ߣȻʮһµѾˣУʱǧСġ᣺ģӦ
ȥɣȰһˣֽŶñȥůů
ſ֪ɫȴǰ࣬Ҳϸ˵ˣǺתļŽ֪ȥ˳ӲŵһмҪƹҪߣóɡ
֪ͼҪܾ¶һõЦݡ
Ĵѩףڵӳɫһҫľʯ֪£ԵĻû˵
ӲЦʱʱǰůɾЦݣ
ڼЦݣѾܶ겻ˡ
𶯣ڣźļӣ֪͵͵⣬𣿡
֪û˵ӻζļ϶ζ԰ݣԳģ庮
ǲʲôôݵز
û㣿˵繣˵ͦ
֪ʶס¡Ķӡµʱ˵һ̥ʱŻˣ֪̥ϲԸӡôĻʧȥӣڰˣһһḁ̃ķȥܸоƤųһСС
ţۿһ¡ͣסˣã ⣬Һ㣬뺢ӡ
֪ӵķ϶￴ʹβһ׹ӡδйģĪͷһת
붳סأꤵ죬ȥųͳ⣬֪ˣôͷҶԣ㣬ٸһλᣬ𣿡
֪ɲһ߹źձĳڣ̶֯಻ȥǡ˿̵
˺ܾáܵõԭ£ȻܻǱһ˿΢ϣ˵ˣҲһǰ´棬ҲлᣬҲǰǷģܲ
⣬ûȵ֪ĻӦ̲סֵٸһλᣬòãһһһþкúô㣬ҪҵҲüͷ
ҪʲôǰֶѾ޷׷أ˻ƾӯ־ľڽݵ֣ס˺ӣںܺãҲǿˡ֪⿴ų֯ҵһҲģˡ
ûȵĻӦɬǻ̿֡ѵղŵһжǴԸſҲûдǰ´棿
ú£⡣
ĿȴʱƳԶһĨϤɽӰӡ
Ƭ̺󣬽֪쵽ͻȻ˵ˡסתһۣζձ©ԶһĨԵɽӰصļͻȻѡ
֪ˣǰǰɽǰͳԼСɽԼһʱͬĵ·Ȼߵط
ߵò죬·ߵοú۰׵ǽԫɫߣׯһ޼ʵʱû¶ͷȥЩԶкˮżһˮӳɫ
֪ؿţӱߣһĵطһпʼĵط
⡣ߴƸɬĻ⡣
֪æת
ȴ֪Ҫ˵ʲôסˣûбվϤĵطȴʧȥֿ˸ʹ¡ӣһĵطʱͷֱһ仰˻
⡣
ۣɤӣ⡣
̫Ҳ޶˸ųȥ֪תԽԽˡ֪·𿴼˰ǰĳͬݲ԰ףһֻ̤ڱĺˮס˫Զ
⣬ͷ޳βŨڵ۽մˮԼ֪ʱ㣬ҡ
֪һЩʱ䣬ģӦ˼ĵĳһ޶һɬͷ
ʱ̤ô
˵Һܻܿʧһ㣬ɬЦݣչ黹ᣬ̫ܽܡ
ܹͬˣƫƫҪȱǧ򱶣ܹôãȴҪϹӣӴЩϵ·޹ˡ
֪ˣΪʲôһۿͻ˵Ǵ󵨵ӣ˼İ˵ҲͷһΡ
ԼǲˣͬįͬĹ¶
ͷӽëķ϶Σµɫǰĺ죺ʱңδ۾
ѾǲΪʲô˳ͻ·̫ΣиƣһΣ߬ż۾ϴȥ
˺ܶѪʲôҲû˸װȥϣס죬Ҳûи˵øص㣬˺ڣȥû˹ңĸҲǡ˶£˴򡣡
̫ЩֵǮ·ȥҲһӣҵĴĳãˣϡׯڣǴļҡ
ס£ڶ죬
ᣬȫŪˡȵĶ۽ǻ£ȵҪȼգҪճɻң⣬ҴˡҶԲ㡣㣬ٸһᣬͷòã
ͷúܵͣӵ¿㯵գüԶ˳Ŀȥݼյû˼ׯǸׯӣ뿪ͿˣҺܶΣϢׯˣʲôҲûҵ
뿪죬׷ƽĳ˺ܾã˽ˡûйɣָо΢ƣҲԵϣоЩϸ΢ƫһδλҪȷϣǲ
һжĨˣׯ취ʹӴ˵еĹﲻסֻԼ۾Ͼۿǽˣƺûʲôɻɵġ⣬Ϊʲô£
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83 
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³, ¶գŰӺϰʲôʱ, ˵˱ʱ, ˷
ںСʱ֪Щɻ, ÿĸ׺͸㶼Χ, һжԶ㡢Ҷ㣬ۻƾ΢ɬľ㣬ʱϲǣ, ˵һ
ֱǴ, Ӵ, һжˡ
Զļֱ, ֪⿴ԶԵɽɫɽǳҵ, ӰӰ߲ϡ, ɽͷ
кӲǶʱˡ׺͸綼ڼң㲡, Ѱҽʲɬҩһȥȴһһ˥ĸ׿ʼ𣬿ʼĬĬ, , һˣ, һ˯
һ֪˹¶֪ζ
Ǹ죬Ѫ˵ֲãԵʡ
͵ƫƧׯҲûܸΪĸ˼Ҳˡصĳ㣬㱵ĸףΨһްģԽ֤˲ߵĻеһУ̿˵Եʡ
ֻʮһֻ꣬Ǹ¶δĺӡ
ׯûʶˣû˰οںҹڱ͵͵ޣʪͷʪͷҲ֪ΪһУĴ
֪ĬĬؿɽų߹Ѿķϵׯһ֮λ䵱ʱΣԼΪʲôһİ˵ɻǶ̶̵ļ죬ôôԳһЩ¶ģΪʱ⣬Ϊ̫ɬʱ⣬Ż
⡣˳Ŀ⿴ȥɽξĬϸˮ⣬ѹΪȥЩ˵ʱ𣿳ľˣۣŲ֪ţݵ䵽㣬СҪȥᣬޣҲãҰɣôУޣ⣬ޡ
ҪޣȻʼʣɢҵòŵǰѾ̫ΣѾˣ߾ȫϲǣΪʲôء
֪£ûִԼ³һΪ㡣
ԼΪˣʵֻЩѹûпޡȥѾȥˣһֱĴҲȷĴĸ׽ȴǰ׺öࡣѾܳʱ䲻Ƕˡ
ûޡ
ֻ˱¡
һѹ£ĹȥѹҲΪѾ˵ѹţѹΪš
Щڵͫ޲ȥҳÿһĵɣһһƽ⣬ܸܲңΪʲô飿
֪ҡͷѾˡɬһǲǵʱڴŽĵ׵޼䣬Ƕ໥εʱ»ġһδλʻȥʧһɣѾĥߵ
ˣ͸Ҫ֪Щˡ
Լʧһܾˣʲô϶˵ܹ˵̫زȥˡ
յķ紵޵΢΢ζì벻Уִ˴̫ˣҪҪϴ
ǰʧɷ̫̫ᴵ᲻á
֪ͷл
Ķ˶٣ʹƤסʲôл֮䣬ôҪ˵лءΪش£Ӳ˵л֣Ȼ޴ĮҲΪ֪֮䲻ҪôԴ˵Ŀ
ڵĿǰӵ䵭ѹ
紵ȥߵò죬ߵøЩܸһʱߡȻ·Щǽ߿ſžҪ׵󣬳絶ࡣ
һпʼĵطǿ̹ĵĹ˽죬ҲҲ˵ǴһСţŴ֪˵ôһֱ㡣Ҳ֪㡣֪ֻ㡣
֪ĬĬšѾ֪ˣǴһ׷ȥ˵Щ˼ֻ
޴ִʼղϳ㡣֪ĺãҲԣöãǶ԰ǰıѡ˵ţƮڷҲЩϳĸĶ߳ܣͷһνԼİǿѪܵı¶ͬ߳ܣ
Ȼ˵ôసӣ֪볹׸Ĺͷһ¾ҪԼµһ׮׮һ˲ʲô߳ܲҪģֻڣĹֲ
֪ĬĬģϵĴƿһ졣ĸϳôˣѾСҲ٣˵ĻҲǶЩ˽£˽£ױɹڦɣûҪΣС
̴ϸϸĴ￴Ŀţ⣡
µ˼ϲʱʱ¶ΪȣƵѾ֪ٴΣССһٶ⣬ϣ
ȴƽȥˣᡣ
·ȼյһͻȻˮ𣬳ģã⡣
ĻԼģԺе鶼ģһжΪ죬ȻΡΣҪʲôɼл˵Щͷţǰ뿪죬һֱɽϵ㣬֪ˣ׷˺ܾã㸮ĳӣˡ㡣
ã֪͵һѾµˣ쳤Ÿһȥֱĳߵ˺档
컯Ūˡ˵ʲôء
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̧֪ۣ
Ǹ׿ĨȥһС״Ӳʲô̿˵˵ǧϻȥׯ̴±ȥׯҲʱ֪£ææҲȥˡӻ󣬷׹µ˰̣֪Ǹׯûרչһж˼㡣
˴Զ֣Щ˴˰ӣȥƫԶֱĸױ֤ٲôôΨһһο׶ĸ׷Ƣ
ĹΪƵɱĸȥׯЩ⣬ȥ۵㣬Ը£Ǹׯֶ˵졣
ЩûǼ¡ףԼĺӣ֪⽥ܹĸ׵ʱĻ̿ɷ겻ڼңŮߵĻٻƣҲǾݣôסԡ
½ĸסҲΪŴ£סšȥˣ˵
ɳܲ˵ǧҵĴһģһúö㣬Ժӣ⣬ٸһᣬòã
ŵؿش
ӻǰЩǽ߳׵ȥˣ֪ĬţãûŪǰˣأ


84 
վں, ųʻڣѾ͸ӵŽ֪˳ɵȹס¡ĶǸ, ̬ǰܲͬ, ϾҪĸˡ
סش, ȴȫ֪˵ʲô
ǰ˲, 粻
վšʶѾǺ֮ʱ֪⣬ڲñЩ֪º, úǸӡ
ЩͷίʵƲ, Ҳжٰ⡣ĬĬ, ȥ̫ڸ, ʱָôڡ
֪, ҲܶΡ䵭, ڵûвøϸЩûЩϳ, ͬ磬
ڰʿ֪ǻᰮ, Ѿ֪, , ͬ޷ԭԼıѡ
ᰮǷݰעֻìģűյζȥǵ⣬޷ǰңơᰮƵģìܵģ侲ģǻÿһƽ鵽ϣᰮģ˼ǵİ⡣
ҪĻش𡣳ĬĬŽ֪⣬һĳסЩκһˣϣӶԷеõĻش
ôشǵǸǲ⣬ҵذܹƭ
ߵľͷ֪ҪתձڣϾҪˣ˼ͻȻһƼᶨûм磬ûм磬һʼһʼעˣֻѿڽе⣡
ɱȥֱס֪ձǰͣ£˴𰸰ɣڣе֪Ĵ𰸡
˿֪ǰ⡣
ţƳѾ͸ǶܿˣͥԺֻʣڵĻش
֣̽ȥ֪⣺ȥ˵󡣡
֪ûϸȥµ£չбŨüؽӳڲ԰׵ϣףԽڣĴһߣܽš
֪ɲǣĪԹ۵ķɣ˵ʲô
ԾգգۣӰбڽ֪ⷢϼϣһůĹ⣬峺׵סӰǶУС΢⡣
Ӧ˵øתЩȴҪƭûм磬⡣
ֻǶ̶һ仰ֵǣ֪ˡ˵ʲôζͷ
סֿһ۾ţ޹ģô˵˶ô˵Ȼǣ޴ִ׼˵ˣͷһ͵͵ܴɽǱ߿㣬ͻƼڲ˵һҵһ֪ڶʼɣҡ㡣
̧֪ƤԶļأҵ졣˷Ƶ֮ǰԣ֪֪ǰǰˣ
⣬ֽǰһܿĽëŵϤζ⣬ûм磬İžˣǴһʼעһ𣬡Һңֻ㡣
ú֪ܽŵϵɣҶҰջʱϤѾİˡ֪˿һ
һۡԶǱӦģŪˡǰҴԸþֲ
ֻҪܻͷֻٰҪߣԶԶѾˡ۾ţţҪʲôԣ㣬ٸһλᡣ
ԣңǰǰô֪΢΢ųϤģϤĹִɸı䡣Ŭ̫ãҺãˡ
ŵصĻӦã֪ƽء
ѪӿͷԼ˻ƵĻ⡭
ģ￴֪ɫҲƽҪֲͺܺá
ܺáֻΧһˣĺöһСٻûʧΪżȻһüͷҪ˼졣ǶԹ壬һжոպá
ߵ֮£ӯ£лл㡣
תԺȥȥɣ»鷳Ӧ
˰Σ׷ȥ󣬿ĳȵţɫȹĽŲƸˮʢĻϲĻشŭҲԹֻǲϲĻش𣬲ϲˡ
̫һȥİǺ䣬ǰȴ׷ϣž⣡
֪ͣסӣͷȥɣҲҪϢˡ
ҪϢˡؿסǸ¡úԣһһһ࣬ô䣬˵ʱİһˡ
ӦúϢٲռʱ;ɬúϢˡ
˵Ҫߣֲߣֻվԭ֪ͷתѾǸϹţ߳Զں滽⡣
֪ûͣԶ˵ţ£ңʲôʱʲô£˸Ҿͺá
֪û˵һ߽ڣվԭĿͣϦȥΧವˡ
ˡѡ
֪ˡȻתȥ̫޴ӦúȴһжŪˡ
Ӻ⣬ûֻǰš˻ں޽ϡĻϲܹѴǰһж̹ףҲĵظ˵ô໰⼸е˵ϼ
ÿһǵ㹻󷴸ζ֧ûӡ
룬̬ҲԺ᲻ˡ
һߣԷʻлƿţࡣ
ͣסӣռǵĳӺܿϣлܣУҪ빬ô
񣺡빬ҪȥӪˡ
ҲΪʳ׼빬лɵͷװʮһ׼ȫݾ
ʮһ󡣳˶٣ٹʮһµĿװֻмأ͸ӷ㣺ү塣
Ҳ̸ϣлɫºͣݺˣ£װҲӲĶǴӺ񡣡
̾˿ƽϢ𣿡
Ҳһۡ½֪ⵣģЩ²û˵µսϣѩˡ
ѩŰ캮ضݱǻıߵأҰϼѣҷѩ֮µ·ԱϣҪҵһʧٵǧʿԽˡ
ϣǽƲףݶ꣬ϤΣǶԽϰָƣԸιȥܴת
˼ţûȫ˵УξѾϹȥˡ
Ҳ˵ˣнУξףܿŤתơлɵ
Ʋ״ԼǿϹǵ㱾µģһȥδؾܰȡţ뿪лɺţٻᡣ
ȥӪ֮£һгﻮ׵Ѿһ磬ﴫϢлɼ̣װ


85 
ϻسʱ, лȻл䡽͵ҹյұܵװһ, ʮһ, »һٿˣԼŸϻȥˡ
һ, Ż, ұ뾳Ҳϡ棬˼û˵л׷ʣôòԣ
ȷЩǡлɷѾĻܺԭ, Ȼ⼸лʼѭ浸, ѰŶ, һ²ĵģ, ׷ãʼҲûܲ鵽лɵȷĿġ
ս¸, лִæ뿪, ôôΡĵǣ⼸ｪ֪ٲ֢, Ǿ˵֪⼸һֱзͷѪ
лɵˣ뿪ˣҪθ֪ҩ˼ŵװŰ·ϲȫ, Ƿలּǿ
лЦû˵, ֪, Ѿл߰ߣһлɵһһٻյԷЩֵѽҾ׵ʳϣӪ͡˴νҾٰʮʯƼҾİʮʯɹʮһµöȣƾ٣Ϊõ캱ʹƣҲɹʿһá
л̧ü֮õ캱
֪ͻƾӯո˵ʯʳݾȼü֮лȻּǸ罫ƾӯҲһлһŮң֪ӦıǮȫȷףл䡲Ը㲹
ųǰӣΪԣôģضΪ˽֪⡣лЦʵʲôʣӣǱʲô
³Ѿ˶ʱǮ֪¸ȱģݡһսʤϣʤˣԴϲʲôʧ˶һźӣǰ·ǧѣиݣȡѪʱ£Ҳ˭ǷĲȡʳ֮ˣ²ͷţԻʶƵ
ڻƾӯ˵ҲˣһŮӣиסݣסҵסŮ
лЦãʲô£Ϊ˵ôࡣ񲿰ɣ³̳
йעλϧ࣬ôΪ˵ô໰лϴ˼֪ʮֹУôͽ㶽ɡ
Уţ˽ͽ֪ͻƾӯš
ȻֻŮл䡻ˣЦŶԳ˵ôɶΪ㣬⣬ŬЩ׷޶ԲȴǺã
޶Բǰһ˲ֳϽ֪Żˣģ۾ţл¡
޺ףԽһڡлЦȥһ˰ּɣ·ݴˣҲؽлˡ
ƽѾǰϢں㻨㰸ּȫھ¹ںǰ֪ģͷ󣬳ͣ˵ʲôֲ֪οڡ
ûΪھة˰õǶƷھû˼ּʱҲֻǴѰɫ
񲿹Աǰͨͽ֪һǰһ£չʥּ
ȣȴǷȥھչˣǵΪ˷⣬ˣƱҪ׷ھȴģκ˶޹أֻ
սбʣˣλ磬ɹٸ֧ٺ»ףͺӣӴҲ˱ϡ
ʥּ֪ܿ꣬лǰּ˫ֵݹ㲻빬л
̧֪ۣڳӡηͳϣʯ࣬ţ֪ʮʳֻˮнȻôķ͡
ԼгﻮԵʡȥ빬лҲӦӲ㣬ġ֪л㡣
ܿ˵ңлʲôʱʲô飬˵л֡
ĿͣǾʥּϡ˫ţĽӴģŵĵطûϲ־öʼɣ֪ʥּܵ׽վţȴҲֻڴˡ
ǱϢ𣿡ʵ֪ⲻ˻⣬˶Щ˵Ļᡣ
һյѩѾͣˡعУξų̿ĻҹҲܸϵʱضת
ʱ䣬״䲻ڣѾȥʮ죬캮ضĸҲ֪࣬ļ٣Щ𣿡
ԥһ¡ױϵϢ˵һֱңܱɳȥ˵ı࣬ҷѩʱѾأ˹ǣһֱţϾϵζԽ죬ȴʮֲġ
ȻɽˮԶʵ˵ֻǡҡ
ֵƼӦڽߡ
һʱΪ·ͻȻûϸЩԺ˲飬ȷ뽪һ䲻ĻͼУξƼСԻƼ뽪ҵĹϵƼǻҲᱣס졣
֪һҲ𣿡
壬塣˶٣Ӧڡ
سǵûлƼ壬սĽʿΪƽ޷ͳƣƼھҲЩսض˷֣Ŀ뽪һĳ
ҲƼǱ߻֪أǺã
֪ҧҧ촽Ҹӯ˵
ҧһ˲£ؿŽ֪⡣һֱϰߣʱҧ촽ºĴϱŷ׵ӡӣƤܾöá
֪û뵽ͻȻ˵һȣƳվҳȥһ¡
ֻʣ֪֪ܿߣߡ
ָ·æ˻κο£˵ûиף
֪ͣסӣ
ô˵׵ģû㸸׹ϵôӣ˵ɣ¹شҿҪ顣
֪ˣϸϸţùЩ֡
ô֣æʵÿɬҲֻܽ˵£ദЩʱ䡣־ûϲΣ˵仰ˣ£ֻû
˵ǳ̣״رأһ˿նðⳡ̣̫ðסǳعؿ˺ʱУȴǿҪǶ˸ס֪ԺãŽƲ׵ʱĻһһʮ˵һ˴̵ķô̵ʱô仯
˼šǽƲף⼸ŵԵʣƲʵܽӴϸս֪ĶЩԶ⹫Ĵ£Ʋ׻طΡ
ʵҲһǳŹ֡￴ǳȴǼҲֻһΣʧٺ󣬹ֱǸسǲʲôҲҲҷĽˡദô
״ӲЩԽ֮Ӳڱ˶̳֪ţǰʱһ䣬˵ͻΧʱ׶Щ
ʵƼ˵úܲǹױҲǿȴҪ̵ȥˣƴͻΧȥɱذΧǣȴֻǸССѲ죬ͷһʱſϼЩ˴¡
壬塣ѹĶʼɣעŻȥû뽪Ĺϵ
˵ҸǰȽǫѷ֪
Ƽ˵۸ڶ˭òԼְѹסԹΨԽʮֿӲڽǰڼӡ
⵹Ϣһ¡ЩһĽγ飬ǵĽƲ񣬹ΪԸһ˲ͣ̾ûˡǰ÷û׼ദ
֪µ˼¸粻ף˧ͣӰ֡ʱĸ׽磬Ӿ֮ˣҪǷӡ
Ҳǵһ㣬Ʋ񣬿Ϲżȥģ֪˧̾ûǧҪƲͣװšӦˡ
Ӧ£;ʳԡ
ţʣͻȻ֪һס˶ӡ
˾ţɫе֣ٹ˲ˢһվסôˣ
ûҲû˵촽΢΢ţ΢΢ͷ
ԽҪʱ̧֪Ƥһ¡


86 
ⲻǺӵһζ, ·ԽԽ󣬺ӶԽԽƵ˵⺢ضý׳, ǵһ, ڵʱ򣬺Ӷˡ
֪ڻϲмһ˿ĸоͷһڵʱӶ, ͺ⺢˸׵, ҪӦƵġ
뷨˵ζ̧ʱ
˶Ӳţŷƣ㶵ؿ
ģʵеЦ, ɽ֪Ц
, , һ𣿡
֪ԥš
Щ, Ŭźӣ̬һ췢ı, ֪ĸ׶ʱͻᶯ, һֱΪѾǺʵˣɴ˿, ޴ţʵԭ
ǺӣĺӣڸǰѸԼĴڡ
ӿʼ, ס, ˵϶Ҳ˵, Ҳ㣬⣬ֻֻһ£㡣
ֻ⺢ӣǵĺӡ۾ȵ÷ۣ¡Ķӣ̧֪ͷڲˡ
Σ͵͵ذһ
֪⿴һˮ۽ǿĵط֣ĴŹڣת
ӲޡӴԼǲ޵ģ
ŶӣûкܴȵĶмϸ΢ģֻĸײܲĶ᲻ʱ򣬺Ҳǵ˵
⡣ã˿ڣ⡣
̧֪ͷ۽ǵˮѾˣɫ԰׵ǰ죬˵ٴָس侲Щһֱ˵
֪Īеľ̫֣أᵽ˲ζŵ˵ɡ
֪ܵ㸸ף⣬кӣΣͷһҪľ壬ҪúóԣҪЩ˯˯˯䣬̿̿׿ԣÿһһǵó͸͸һԵĻҼǵľˮЧѾ˼ƿһȥ͸Ǳ̫ģڣڣЩͺá
֪ĬĬţﲻǲȡ̿ʱȷ׿ԣȷʱľˮֹȣֻû뵽Ȼǵá
ô䵭ӲʹЩ£ȴΪζЩϸڼǵ
ٹҪˣҿʱǰҴһӻȽϼѣ⣬ʱҹ㣬òã
֪ԥšûҪȻʱ֣صɫһһע֪ôģܾĻû˵ڡ
ŵصĻشû˵УҲû˵У̬ϣ룬ţҲǴӦˣ
ѾΣһ⣬ҪšһֱڼӴҩǰոͷѪҩЧȻԾʵǰѾܶʱ䣬ӵʱѪӦþˡ
ʱȡѪڵ඾¶Ļʹ뾡һа취ҳ׽֮ǡ⣬´ӦңչͺӣǽԽȥұ£
ֲĸоֳˣ֪ţǲʲô£
ûУҡҡͷᣬû¡
Ϳ޴ˣΪҲشǰһ⣬Ⱥӳܸܲĸǳ
Щɱӵˣú֪ģ˿̣ڵһοӶԺ󣬳޷Ƶ
ĸоԽԽǿң֪ʵôˣ
ô࣬ɫҲܲһٶ˵Щͺڽһ
ûС̷ϣҺܺá
ģ֪ȡѪĺȻʱ϶ȡѪ˵̫̫࣬ɣÿס⡣
˵ʲôȻĻֲ˵ʱֻǳţﰲż̿žһĳһǡ
æȥ̿ǰǯǿ鱬̿еϣֺӣһǷˮ룬æŲ̿ϣ߷ŵˮͲ̫ˡ
ȴⷨǹȥ̸ģ鷿ҹ칫£˷źɴĻ㣬͸̿裬̿ϷżװˮСӣͲ̫
ʵǷҪҹֻǲطദԼԽԽôû㷢⡣
֪ȴҲˣⷨȥΪġԭƲ⣬ʵȫ
Ŀתɣңǹȥģ̫ãɫѾˣ񣬵ǲյˡ
˳Ŀ⿴ܿµ룺֮ԻϰյңΪҴһʼ֪ӽĿġ
֪Щȣæת
ŲỺ˻շǳƻһûǧЩգóö
óöһ˿ģҪϸץס֪˼ţᵽɣ̿ůΣǰ鷿ҹҹӡ
ֻʱţű鲻ǣڱˮ̿żͣʣһۡΣȴǷˡ
нŲ⣬ӯͷžˣҹȥ
֪ʶҪȥֱסҲȰ˻ȥɣ⣬һ˵
֪Ӱձ첽ȥӰݵ˼Щ˵û
ƾӯӹл󣬷ԸȥƽһҲ⣬ȥܵǳȥʽ֪⡣
쵽ǰͻȻɲסƾӯһžӯ
ôƾӯһ񣬴ʱžŸ첲ڳǰӯϻ˵£ôˣ
ƾӯûᡣ
һžƵƵĻӶ˼̫С˵ȫȻѽѧʱѧ˽еžҲǻϲϲҪҪ棬ƾӯһʱӦ忴ӣ֪žһʼǼȴΪ˼ϴʱǰڹϡ
ƾӯȻӦȡ벻ףܴ߻Ƿ˾ţ֮ڹģʲôҪǸӣ
ӯҹҲˣҲˣʣ⼸¶ʵʵڼ飬ﶼûȥž˵ӯǷһôãҲ˰ɣ֪ҲŲңҲûиңҲû㣬Ϊ˻Ǻͺðɣܲû˱˴ǣ˵ûҰӰɣ
žЩֺʱûжأޣȥǺõͣ޷Ǻеһż¥ֲʲô˵ŻƾӯΪСº롣
֪ƾӯҪ룬ˣִ˻պʱãʱһž˲ˡޣֵܶнΨûв£һûУȥлƾӯãƾӯˣÿ¶ּģ˵¥Ӧ궼ҳͷ
ʵ˹¼ҹ˵ζûǮû֪֪ȵչˣƵŮҲѰžˡǰ޶Сȣ¶÷ʱƢô䵽ز
øĵú壬ĵëŻƾӯȥһӡ
ɰӯۿƾӯǲ˵žˣȥҲãȫˣԺӱãҾʲôģòãһûչˣҲۻôСֿˣô죿
Żƾӯܷ£ԽڵóӶˡô£ôӣĶȥҵڶ֪н죬õڲϣҲҪǸ죡ӯˡ
ÿƾӯ˵·
ž˴ǰЩץסͷҲãҲãӯӦһؼңȻóҵʬȥˣ
ôһһʱ࿴ֵΧסƾӯһ
֪žΪʲôڸģҲûȤ֪Ը
ʹǰˣžæܹžֻקסͷԽԽѾˣѵһȥֶҷ꣬лʲôⲻĳ㲻ϻؼңôСûе𣿡
ôޣž˽ƾӯ춹ģߣûܲǸҪˣô˿ţĨÿӣ˿
žקͷˣӯˣһؼҰɣ
һᶢֻҪɿڣеʱĥź岻
۵ԽԽߣƾӯŭ߳ܡµžǹȻҲڴϰ˽˵ҧߣ
˶ͻȻһңҩ伷ǰȥž
û뵽һĻۼƾӯʮ־ȣƼҵֱżҵ˲סˣ»ƾӯԿӳӣóʱҲֻʵʵ˵Ļڸģ͸úúһƹ˵ôڴϷӲ׵
ž޵ľҪܣô䵽زʱô㣿˵Ҫƨˣү˵
żҵʹһӵϣְ˽ŤסԶ첽Ҫǰֹƾӯҿ˭ң


87 
żҵʹס, ѹڴֲڵĵϣģƾӯŭҿ˭ң
̧ͷ, ӵ߿Գ, ƾӯУһ, žѺʢ, ɸã
ʹǰˣżҵʹлƾӯģ˱׷ĸūŸҳײӳ͢
żЩ˶һ㶡ǹȻ֪ƾӯܷ, Ȼǰй, żҵϱ, Ὣž, ˿̼ţ̬ʮǿӲ, һʱͣ, žܿ챻ŤסӶס, Ҳǵȣ
ĳŵǰ˺ָո·ƾӯϺһ£ʮ
˵Ƽҵ˶žмֹ˼ɣⳤȴһҲû, Ťסŷ, û̵İ, ӽֱ˰ǣתž
ҽ漴żҵһȫˣɷվԭٲҶžƼҵŤסŵķߣžںӯôôģֻؼңôңûԴ
ƾӯ졣
ʹӳ²ԯĲסž죬ȥˣ˫ֳŵأƳƾӯ˳ǰæҪƾӯѷס̫ҽ˵ûУ
û£û¡ͻȻеţæ첲û£æȥɣùҡ
ƾӯѾˣƤѪðæѾȡ˸ɾӵϣѪɡ
ûнӣ㲻ӣȻ£ӰĨ£Ƥˣ¡
Զת뿪ԭ»ƾӯӦصظ¿࣬ȻصġݣǸϵӣԺ󣬱ضž
һߣƼҵʹɢ˿ֵȺƾӯմѪϻðѪ飬ҩǻӱżҵʹ˺ˣˤڱϣƾӯݸҪȥ𣿡
ӣ䲻֣һæžҩˤصϣǺִٲǣҪȥ
ҲҪȥһɡûʣ¼·ƾӯҲû̧ǰȥ
ͷں棬ǰ棬ȹһԶĽŲһһģеͷΡ
æת
֪ڵţѾ˵Ĵţƾӯţæǰסӯ㣬û˰ɣ
ûˡƾӯķ˻⣬㣬ηǲǳ
û˵꣬翴վڴڵţƾӯʱǰͣסӸ񣺡ε£Һ£лԮ֡
̧֪ۣȥˡ
ֹݣȻݵ˼㣬˫֪ĬĬšƾӯΪǹŹ֣䵽㣬һ˺ã޾ϸÿһչ˵
ƾӯҲ뵽㣬е㵣ԴΪɣҪæȰ˵֪⣬ϵѵҸΪԼͲ˺ѵ⣿˼ţŽ֪ȥһߣݵ֪бţէһǻĸޣʱ׼ǰȻƵġ
ٿ֪ɫƽͣĬ˳ľٶƾӯЩȣǰӽ֪⻹ϼ첻Ѿܽţһ·ˣ̲ס۽֪⣬ѵǻתˣ
˸¶û˵ںƲǵı飬дƳĬЩ콪ô
֪عͦõģǰҲ˵һжá
һݡǰлѾ뾩ԭ佡һֱлɸý֪ýҩԭˡ
һ併죬ɵŽ֪Ĳһֱ֣лɲڣ佹һĿԣҲΣܲлɵܡ
ƾӯʣ⣬Ϣ𣿡
֪ԥһ£ӯ㣬ҸոյϢܸҰһ
ƾӯһЩһֱûлƼϢǴϣûϢ͸ƽԭƼ徹ȻҲڳ⣬䲻һʱ飬ȻӾԭһߣƾӯǿѹµǣο֪⣺µģսһܷ׻
ԣһܣ֪⻰ô˵гתѾ죬ʱҲ쵽ˣ֪ǱʲôΣ
ǧ⣬ݳǡ
Ʋһȳţϻѩ£Ϲ˽˵Ʋ
ӳŵ׵ĽԶƲϵӵһʱż״ɫģУξͦ졣
ƲһۿŲ죬֮ǰݼҸϢ
ѩͣ캮ضֻҹĽȴҲû취̾νУξҲףһ˿϶ûңֻȵš
ȣѾ˽ʮ죬캮ضȱٵȥĻƲѹŭֻǧԳȥҡ
Уһڷ񶨣ſãǧʲôãͷʮǧȥ뻢ڣΪ˧Ϊ˽飬װͽʿ
Ϊ˽飿ƲЦһҸ˧Ϊʿ߾Ԯ˧ʱ˽ˣĪǹ˽׼ȣ
ᣬҲǲϾȣֻ³գﻹУһ˳ŷ˽ҴΪɰô죿ҲֻŽ׵žܿսضջȽ˵ҲϣҲһӭ
ѣ޷ǶǲȥȡƲ˵а취ȫǣ˼գǽǧֻ̫࣬Ҫǧ
С˿ɿڣԮ֮аţ㲻˵
ĲȥˡƲ׳УξƼڣ
սûҵппܸڽߣװڰ֣ս°ɣո·࣬úЪЪٸɲ¡
Ʋ׿첽߳˧ˮϣϤζڷƲһԭƼ壬ҲʧˡȻͱҪŤתƣ
ױںʣУξȥ
ӪƲ׼һޣҲƵس˳ȥ
Ϊߣסݾȴ֪Ӫֻ֮ǿߣݾǿߡ
Ӫһֲ°ٴΣûй׵Ҳö
ƥӪʿϳӿˣˣ
Ʋվӥһ۾סۣͬҪҸ˧˭Ըͬȥ
ң
ң
һ
ӪףƲװһϤףѪţãȫһȥҪܾá
ĸǰҲʱױӽѣˣƲ״Ӫˣ
ʲôһµôĳǣ
ϢѾ֮궬л⽻꣬žټƲԴҽ׵Υ޾һ
ƲѱһӲȥҽ죬ϵ˲ôװݣæʵݳǷʧ
л̾Ʋײǲصˡ
ǰҹƲ׼װǣ˸ֹϣ˱һҹۣҴδ˿գ˾裬ĸǰ˯Ʋ׶ˡ
ӪǧöϢӳгƲϤ·Ų´ӲС·ԽӪʣһ·ϻٽӪ˻ҩ͸ɲ񣬱֮ͨһѻ𣬽ŷʮӪʣ˷ӦʱƲѴûӰ
ϸϸŵͼҹ֮ûյƲ׵Ϣز˭Ҳ֪Ʋȥûҵ졣
Ʋ״ǧӦûǧˣǽƲ˳ҵϱһӦϣһ̣תŵͼççԲԵԭģһͷƲֻĪǳ˾ˣбĴ㣿ʵƲĸȥˣ
Ʋװ˺üɱ񵽴ӡӣ˭Ҳ֪ߵ·л̾ñ֮⣬Ҳ²Ρ
Ʋװŵܣضȥ·ϾѾﻮˣ˵пҲ˼ţ¼ҲãһսӦþ֪ˡ
Ҳֻˡл䡿˵ţǴӹģ˵ǶԸųԵķǴҲ٣ôһ˹ضԸŹˣлﲻ̣ŷ˰ζ⽣³Եɡ
ּ£ˡ
л£Ӧżȥ֪ⱨţЦһѽ
ŷ°װУš
΢ͷ첽ȥʱ͵װʳУл䡵ȥɣ˵޴͵ģýʱ˳ʡ
֪˳ԣ⽵ˣܲһԣлЦû뵽ӣýϵĻƣҲΪة£ŻѪˡ
Ӻ󣬳⽣ÿ˺š


88 
Ӻϰ, ʮ֣԰ζΪɫʮֲͬɫʵƤʮ, ϰ, ÿһҧȥζͬ
ŷİζ⽱ƽ˼ҸҪʮ, ֪һ, Ƥ΢ƣܳͷۺͼʮˬ¹⣬֭, һȥȫζ
, ˸ɫĵݹ, е, ҲǺҶ͵档
֪ѳԹ², ֻΪл䡵ĽһӦӦ, ֵˡ
һʧǸ⽷Ž, ۿԼ峺ϸɫ⽣һ京ŵĻǶ䣬ĶҲܸ⽡
ûŷô໨⽰ĸСЩ, һһ, ܳʲôʲôƤ, ֻ쳣ˮһ룬һҹ϶ůġ
̲סһϤζǼ𣿡
֪⿴һۣǡ
ʵֻǼǡϼȡɱһʱüɾҸĭܵһ峺ףˮҲƵˮã̳ټϲˡϺסС׺ζһͣƽƽһ⽣֪ҪѶٹ
ĶǵһϳͶųʼҹʱˣٰ⽸ԡ
ֺһڣűȼʣҳ׻Щ
ȻȼʣôϹ򣬲ܵõһ֪ⴹƤû˵
ϸϸƷţƷʲôǲǻлȣ
кܶ¿ͨ鱾߹۲ѧóѧúܿ죬е£羫µĳʳ棬ȴǱУĿȾܾͨЩ漸հףͨĸӵҲ硣
С֪˵
ŷŵľǿгǣûԮû·Ĳķգп񱻴õķա
Ӧӹ׵ǲӲʳԣ߳һضƼȣòˡ֪̾˿ǵûΪһֱǣ׾ͲȥͲ£á
̾úᣬˣʵôˣ
ûʲô֪ⲻ˵
ٲµһЩڵô̵ǳﻮͺã̫ģҪľӣ뽪磬ﶼôεš
֪룬ܻᰲοˣ˵˵ȥһֱôɰͰ͵ļ仰ȷһ䰲οĻҲ˵˵ô࣬Ѿˡ˵ͷ֪
¸ףŵؿͷϳëżһɫеء룬Ӧòֻǵսʲô
ĵʮ񣬿Щϸ˼ܶϾйõ飬˼һǲǾΪôòȥ
֪һ̧ʱĽëһͶӰӣĴ˶û˵
֪Լ¶ˣæʵǣд㣬㲻ҪԼ
ЩԽԽýƲãƲײߣǵ壬Ҳܿǲ뿪ΣǶǽƲ׵ľ޹أôصĸ
д𣿽֪ţʲô㣿
н͹ˣֻӣžۡοΪҴộؼҲ޿ɺǣ⣬һжľȲʹ˼ҲûеֺοΪ·ģһֱŲ£Ҳᰲġ
֪ⲻ̾һҲȷһž۵İӣ⼸綽ŰѼʰһҡҾ߻ûǲĵӵģӤߣ˹ġϻľ֮ģװһӣ˵ȺҪΣѽӹ滮úܳãݣ벻硣
֪룬ϴθûȥԼ֪лأθսӵˣʮΣɡ£ΪˣΪҵˣעҪһˡ
ϷųãҲ֪Ҹȥ
ֻضĵ
ıȲö࣬һǮ㹻ǾսҪҪ࣬һҹͶιܱ֤׳ͣ캮ضĪ˵ϣˮѣιһ˼ƣƲȴƫƫֻ
ȻҲԣ죬ͣɱǿɽƲҪȥ˶ɱС
һҪˣҲҪɱأԺֳָݵͼƬççԲԵĲݵأһûҵֽʣ˳˿պϻݵĵβͼ
çɽǳأԭȫע˼ţһʱ
֪ûд̫ʲôȻ⸱ģǰÿͻȻʲôҪµʱһ£ȫעţ֪£ԼʲôҪ뷨ҲǸ°ɡ
ã¿ӡɫǳ࣬ͲΧκԡ
֪̲סʵʲô
ʵһʲŻعæĨɾϵĲûʲôҲ羳ȥ
е׼ȴֻŹ˵Щˣ̫٣ȷٹɣһϢ㡣
˵ˣҲ˵Ʋףһβףϧÿһ̡
⽻ϣһԷǴǰζϤζæһڣ֮ǰĻ⣺ƺǡ
ˣ̧ۣɫӵû͸ˡ
֪⻰û˵꣬תЩԼҲɵϰ߰ɣԷ̫Ҫȼɻ䣬ö֮Ѿ˹ڣҲѿ˵˳
Ƴң֪е㲻ڣóٸһɡ
ãţ˭ƵģȾͺˡ
۾ţľľģ͵ĸоڹǰһЩǵ飬һšεºܡ
֪ԼᣬȻȴ˵ôС
ķʳһܳԣ⽣ƤڴôƤˣ֬ҲȾƯһ̵ͻ͸˵Ļȣȥθ׼Ҫܡȥιèɡ
û£æˣܳԡæùˮ˴ˮ°ͷ
鷳źô࣬ΪС²ġҲ˽⽻ߣܱ˴ϡ䷹СͳԵϰߣһ⽶ѣûô󣬳ȥ⡣
Եúܿ죬תۼ⽶˶ǣֿʼ֪֪ԼסǸӣ϶ǹִýĬĬţԷһֱܿ죬ҲȰϸʣƢθܸĲճ˼ڣѾˡ
Էģֻ磬ɸΪʱо飬ܵ飬ӣȴһЩʳͻ᲻ƵģֲԾļȡ
ҲҰɡ룬Ҳȵøɾʣ롣
֪ﻹʣ⽣ֻʢӦոճһָһǶѾ͸ˣʣģæסá
֪ǲ˼ʣȻ֮䣬Ҫ˽׻˹ˮҳ˰ɣ̣ˡ
Ƚ֪⽳ȥʱһɸɾĿ롣
֪ⲻ֪˵ʲôźáһֱʳִƵϧֻҪʢ۰ԣѲѳԣԵøɸɾһһҶҲʣ¡
ϰڸŴﲢ˽֪ʳ˼⣬Щ˶ϲ˷ѣÿ˳ˮȥʣһƶˡ
ˣֻһŻʳУ˫ӷŽӸŸϺиǣ̧ʱ֪⻹ڿĿĳ£æʵôˣ
֪ҡҡͷֻͻȻʶ꣬ʵҲǺ˽ǰˡ
лû˵ʣ죬ֻ̡
ʰʳзһߣСϷĨ˳ùӣƳֹ֪æ͵ýѾߣǰЩҶԼŪһŪ
ɽ֪ⲢŪֻͻȻ֣ԭԴʰӲŪЩǾֻʱɵϰߡ
֪ҹòãúӣԷҲҪԼ̲סʵǰңû˷𣿡
˶٣ΣûС
źĨȡӲ֣Լ취ŪԼʰҲǳ¡
֪ھУѹҲѹԷ죬ҲѹϧʳǰӲӲ֪ʱѡ
ɾ֣Щ¡ЩӲκ˵ԭҲ˵ɴʱͷЩţֻҪ£Էʲô¶Լ취ûѧϣ͵û͵ſû·Ь࣬˲Ҫġ
пӣѧڴͷ鷿ֻνҹû˵ʱȥ͵鿴ٸű֮ǰŻȥīֽУùģýʲôõú˷ѡ
Ѿ벻ʲôͷһ͵ѧܿͷ֣Ҫ뷭ƾķӡ·
д£Ҳȷе֣Ҳֻû·Աκ˶ܳԿ֮࣬·ѡˡ
֪ĬĬţżȻ̧ۣƽɫҲƽ·˵ǸɵˣοԶǱ͵͵ͯ峡죬ҲܻңһȥͲҳס졣
ҹ꣬·ʪ͸ˣŵͷҲݵϡãڶڿȫȥһҲû˷ѣ֪ܳϷף˷ʳ
֪̲סʵУҲǺ£Ϊ㣿
϶ǲ̣̫ƣ޷׹֮İƣҲ֮䲻ݵĳޡ
ȻΪˡԴǵĺӡƱ͵شһ£һȥûҪңǱĸƵġ
ϵ£ŵԣһңһŵڣֻʱϲ֪иഺߡѾߣ÷ƽһŮˡֻΪأϾúӣôȢѾߡ
ϸսžͳζ»Ǽ죬ӲšҶ̣Ҳ˴꣬ȻӳٳûԹ河ЦҲഺߣһת˼ң˼ͨΪܷഺߵĶ裬ϲͻݵ뵽ʾȥ֮谮ഺߡ
ٺഺ߻Уϳ׻ˡ
ûкûз֮飬ഺºӣǸӣףʱٲ֮ء˸ɫŮӸ棬Ҫˣ治֪˵һҹʣµʱ䶼Ϩ˵ڴ϶ŮӡҲС
֪ĸס
˵лʱ˵ֺܺݣ϶ĺӴ治ԼܵŪֶλĺӡӲû
ͣסˣһӲִΣôûٺԼң´ȥӰǰ̣ѹ棬ϱס˺ӡ
ٺ·ݴˣоſӣ˵ϻ̥ഺ߻Ҳǣֻˡĸճӣ˴߲ҩ
ΪµճӾҵĹһжı䡣˹Ĵ߲ҩഺǰһͷεĳӵλҲٲĴۡһֱΪֻҪӣͻת⡣Ūˡ
沢ϡʲôճӣѾİŮĶӣģƵĺ˼㡣ഺߺ϶εĳ֮λ촵ͷ磬ԺһҲϼξֻ
ϳ׷ħˣΨгഺߣΣ㡣ĸ׳治ڼңഺߺΣմһӣˡ
ӴϣԲкõҪޣ˺ܾãΪĳɺ롣һʼߣңת⡣
磬Զļһֱϱˤڵʹ޵Ļ棬ʱ򣬴Լĸ²⣬ǵ飬Ҳĥòˡֻ档Ұˣ˿Ūøأңȥ
ô޲ÿζ֣ǶζĵĹ
֪סˡͷҺģ˼ԭЩ꣬ӡû˵
ʹƤҿҴûҪǰΪǵĺҲ
˵ȥţȴǴԴ졣͸ˣȫǲͬģôãȴס˫ۣʲôҲ
֪ģã³һ
ΪʲôҪǸˡں¡
⡣̧ۣڵͫˮ⣬ҶԲ㣬ԲӡһܹܸʲôҶԸ
֪û˵ۣ֪˵ʲô
⡣ӿ뿪ӣ˫ϥ۶ڽ֪ǰǫ̬ҴˣһģҪôԣ㣬ٸһλᡣ
ζ£Ĥݣֱ֪סͷ̾Ϣȥˡ
ȥˣڸģûл𣿳סİ쵽΢΢һСķȡ


89 
Ĳһ, ëģ˶סˡ
һƬհףֱ΢Ĳ, ķ, ͵̧ͷǺӣڶ
Ŷɤ, ̧ʱ, ֪
Ǻӡڶˣĺӣ־度£ֹĺӣڸǰ, ˡ
ӿ, ͷ, ӲرŶ׷ڽ֪ǰ, һҲҶ
ܰ̿ϸСž, ᵽȵζ, ܿȹһԴۻƵǾޱ˿ǳǳͬĻ, ӻﵽһɣѣ
ĿʼĸоԱŲŪ·ȻôŲأʱŲҲͻӵĶ, ôϧ, 鰡
ź, ɴ۾ȶ׵ҲŲһ£ֻǽŵصһΣûжǳƵĲʧˣҲˣ˯ˡ
ǿҵգյģ˵ʲôֻǶţãܷƵ⡣
̧ͷ֪⡣ʹüۿů£Ĥãõ鶼ģǵĺӡ۾̣֣𣺡⡣
Σ͵͵һ
ӵ§ǣܣżİ⣺ˡ
֪ۿﷺǵԼһӵĸоžϲһҹ˯ִڶϣŵصһζ
һ
⣬ٶ𣿡ʣᣬ£öһΣ
һ̥ʱҲææץסϰ죬֪ûʲôɣÿӶһ⺢ӣĿ˼£Ҳʲôɡ
ʱ磬ʱ磬ʱǰҹʱֻһ£ʱܶþãͺƵġ֪ҡҡͷҲ˵׼
˵׼Ǿ˵ӻпٶˣ˵ˣͷɴ۾ŵصȴšӻпܶأҲһΣɰĴ
֪Ľţ˶ӲţάԭеһҲҶƺĺܰӣҲٲ˺ĺ˰ɡ
̿ůţϵԶ񣬳Ʈƶˣһжôʵϴ˵Ӷ˺һֱҲ֪Щ£ôͬ⣿
ûĬšŽ֪⣬׷ѰȴôҲ޷̫ʵˡ֣̿òǸΣòͻȻһжɣ⣡
ѻƵĳ΢΢һ̧š
Ρһжʵģ˺ӣôţάŲ̫ʧ̬ʱ򣬻᲻ۣ
֪ͷʱеۡ
ܴʱŵöƤŽ΢΢ĳۡؽҿ·ƤϹССİһʱһʱңССųƵģ浽˼㡣ǰһֱܵĸջʱֲۻӰ쵽ӣеĴ˵Ӻܺãá
һжڱء֪չüۣһĺӡ
׷ʣô죿ôۣܲ
ܽţŽӲ档֪зǳЦû£ֻһۣܾš
ϲۣظоӵĴڣ֪ϲǹµġ
ֲ˵ˣʱһȥûٶԼ˯ˡ᲻ֲ֣ò֣Ѿ̫ã۵ֱ׵ȣ۰ϵ׭ӡ
֪ſȥѾСȦʱˡûôע⵽ˡ
ǸˣӲ㣬ôһࡣǰҪ֪⣺ȥϢ
أ֪⻽Ѿߣȥɡ
ͳ⣬ڻҰ߹ǰͥ¶ˡÿҵʱ򣬶ܸоĿ⣬ʱе˿̣ͬİɡ
ãתǷʵ̫࣬þҲ壬οҲֻʣ¶̶¡
صҹȡͷѪûзܹ
ΪڣӺͻȻЩ᲻áûۿӣûбҪǷĸӵģȫ֮ػǵĺһ쳤
ţ̧ͷҡ
Сйҩҽ˲°ٱ΢п˽ҽҲ̹ҩ̫أûҵȷȡѪķӡҲǣûҩŵȫͷѪҲסοҩһֱǼã
İο䣬֪ҪʵЩû˵ڣãȥɡ
̧ͷüۣƽŰˡ
ߺ󣬳ãóһӡ
ļʮҳһ𣬷ֳɼ࣬ƲȵȣǰʮҳѾдˣȫǮزʣҳϿʼд
ȡѪ֮ǰðһа׵Ժӻܳпܲͺӵػܶ࣬ǵΪĽɨƽϰ
ʼֽϣɳɳ죬д롣ĵսսһ𣬾һ꣬ϾҪˣΣ֮ǰϢ
Ŀǽϵݵͼϣ糯ʱƲԳϢͻṫʱ򣬱ضһȷѪꡣסƲǰƴɱ󷽾ܶĹ·
ļ죬ϢԴԴϴ֪һֱڵƲףΥƲʾǺһֱûϢ˻һͶˣ̿ѺƽΪѺֹƲѱ䡣
ǳ飬֮λΪƲ׵лְʹسݻԴԴϵݣҲּ⣬һֽͽƲ׵ټӦǨӡ
˱Ӣ̾Ҳ˳
֪ĬĬšȻһֱ罣ţ࿴ᣬȻڴϣẬ˴ǹ˽
ձһ̧佸Ѿ˽ô
лʱΪ֪˶ΣˣǸʰ˵ӣʱҩ䣬̿ϿţЦҿɫԽˣǲǺүǱϢˣ
ûأЦ⼸һֱڴ
˺࣬ٹ׼յݱڽ֪£´ӳе찡Կһ£ú̫˲
˴ָ֣ůŴϽ֪ҪʱŲ춯Ѿˡ
佲дţæվʱӴ￴˳ǰѩ멣ҲֻڽĻǰվţϢˡ
֪һʵô
վڻǰȥǰҪѩˣֳ䣬ϵ˵ҪشƳ˱ϵ佡


90 
ֹһε, ʮóС͸˿ƣװЩ, ֮ǰҲֹһμ, ûйĸо
ݵϢû˵ֻ֪, ϸ˵
֪²Լʲô㵱˵, ȻȴԿʼ
վڽɫ۲佡
ڽ֪Ϣüëϸ۾ÿοڱȴЦ, ϲ, ǰûʲôͬϸϸ۲, ֹĸоʱʧ, ͺɲǻľֻǴ
ŽԷϢлΨһµˣҲΪ֪β, е, Գ֣һҲЪض, 佻סԷҲй䣬ΨһĻǸϼ쵽ƽ״̬ίʵҲκ
Ȼֱٳ
˼, , ɿ֣ܺ, İɡ
΢ɳƵĵͳЦ˵Żʱ˲øУϲá
ʵҪҩ𣿡
ãЦŰڰֻ֣Ҫʳͺá
վݵθͷҲߣںĶ°ԵЩӽúܿ죬ǼСҪ΢ţ̫࣬ʱѡ
ĵ±һ仰ȫߣʱ𣿡
˼ͷһ̥ûô죬Цţ¶һڰװ׵ݣ˲̫ġ
ûô죬Ҫã׷š
˵һһʱһҲС
һһ죿ôɣôܵˣȷ˳
ţԶ׼Ľţ֪⿴һۡѾӽ˳岻Ծǰţģ˵ʲôҴ£ǰֻ칫ʱ칫£ôš
ΪţΪӽţ֪Щ˵ĸпһɲ䵭ףû뵽̶̼£Ȼֲͬףŵġġûڵġįģ˽⣬ʱҪ֡
ûһʧķӣҪ˵壬Ԥϡ佽ŴǣֻҪƺʳúӱ𳤵̫̫ʱܻЩʱʱɢɢǿʱԵĿͷСЩ
ã˵Ժÿɢɢ
ŵصŽ֪ĻӦ˵ˣгҾС
һʧ죬Ҫ˵죬ʱ˿ڣɣһˣЩѾͷûʲô·һʲôʧʹˣ㣬ҲܷЩ
֪óˣԴӳ˵ҪڸģһֱڴǣҪܾƳڴֱû˵ڡ
ǵôŲźãվڱϣЦŸ͵ʱǵиչˣڣ˵ˣҲһ
˵ĵӴβ䲻̫죬һۣĿͻȻһ١
併֣ڱԣϸֱСָ΢΢һ㣬¶ָͷ۰ļ
֪ŵĹôˣƤƣҲǣָͷｿ۵ļֱˡ
εʱСָָϸ۵ˣǰһ
û˵ƣ佽꣬ҩţӷ֪ܿʵôˣ
Ѿůˣ˵첽ߵ֪ߣӦҵˡ
֪һ૵˾𣬳˵ϸڣçɽļǺţʱӦò
лگ󣬹ײòɳѰҽ츸ӣȻûҵçɽĳ˽Ʋ׹õıǣ˳űɽѰңҵƴפĺۼֻڸǹ޷ȷǽǰܵĵطǽƲ½ĵط
ƲײûָȣãЩǣпѾҵ˽죬дţþȶ
çɽ֪Ʋ֮ǰǵ·ϣָ㻭çɽߡçɽ𣿡
ԣߣæʵ
ʱһΣ˵ǰȥǴȻͱ֪֮⼫ţĵط˵ͼûбעֻȥ˲ҵ
ȻƲڸݵ·ϾͲµ˽ܵĲ֮ôһ仰Ҳ̬ȾͺѰζˡţӦ⼸Ϣˡ
ԽƲ׵Ըܹ¼Ǻţƽ£ţЩҹģյϢٽ˯Ⱦˡİɣ£һϢͷһ㡣
ǳѾǰʱ֮󣬳ԷǱһỮ併
ׯߣǸ佣ܻҲ編ơǲƤܿ屳󵷹ĵ˭
죬Էּһ֣ǵŪ併ƤֽҲŪ˿ڣ佲ûģԷ˰æ˿ڣӵ˿ˣȷȷʵʵƤûдߡ
һʱ벻͸еԭɣҲֻʱ£ûϢಿ£ڽƲ׵˳سǡ
㸸˵ˣ֪ϸü΢΢һ壬æ͵ֻˣû˵ͷĤѾòˡ
Ǿȹʱʸ˵ȣжӰ죬籩ʱ󲿶ʧɢϤ֪籩һ˵ҲһͣŲçɽʱܣ뵽״Ӵ˱ճǲ˽Ӧһ㣬Ͳòһֱȥ
ϺȱҲ¹ѩˮԴ߽һıԶǰçɽ⴦ɽʺͱ󣬾ڸЩӦʳβܳôá
Ƽǰһֱ㸸ߣûˡֵ
Ǿͺãӯܷˡ֪仰˼˵ûҰ𣿡
壬塣﷢࣬ȻȻƼ壬㲻˵ģƼ£Ӧø硣
֪ԽԽùŹ֣Ҹ粻ǸҰһ𣿡
ûСԺţǰ¹ѩʪ䣬ԺеĻѩѾɨɾˣŷĵձ׷ˡ
Ʋֻǣʱͻɳ˾ˣƲ׻бĴ㣬ȻƲ׳ǺȥѰҽ죬ҵƲأϱһΧݳǣڿʱϮһСǣݺͶ¡
û뵽ȻԼҵڱ˶ˣ˧æֱȣƲݴͣʤһƱɱݣͽ˳سǡ
㸸׻ȥû˺֮ǣɱ羳ڣƼһȥˡ
Χǵԭʮ򣬷ֱʱƲɱһʱɱһʣµΧݳ£һ½ƲףʱһʱòǳߣǷֱ׷ƲȴǷſֽţǰֻйף²㣬ȥ򣬽Ʋ׾ʿܣһ
֪ոշĵ̱ο캮ضʱҪ˸أ¾սûԮģ̫ðˡ
ȷðաƲ״ǰҲʾɱ羳ڣǴ֮ʱ;ˮʳײȴҪϼЩҲ˵ģѣˣҲˡ
ÿ궬ҲѰʱʳҲȱҴʱڿ飬Ҫɱûʤ㣺սضȫˡ
Ȼðգô޴һɹ罫ܵشһΧǵĴɽƲôðΪ˾磬Ͼ֪ϾҪˣƲ뾡ϻҲڽһúͺӡ
ԣƲ׵ǲ硣ԥţ⣬


91 
֪˳ĳ, ̧ۿ
תĿ⣬Žĵձ֪쵽㣺ʲô
ûвƲ׶Ѱ, Խ֮ͨĹע, ƲƽûʲôԽСȻܾô, ԴȻһ֪, еʱܺ˼롣룺Ҽǵ̨
̨Ǳ߽еľڶѱѰûзָҲҹڽźˣȴգЩ˾ͺƾʧƵġԽԽ, Ҳڵ¡
֪²ΪʲôͻȻ̨, ԥһ²ŵǡ
лûе㸸ĸ̨ľˣǲǣʵ
Ҳ, û, ֪ԽԽùŹ֣ʲô𣿡
ûСæ, ֻʡ
Ӳʡ֪ͣסӣǲʲô£
, ǲʲô£𣬳ͷ, ӽ߸ų裬ΪʲôͻȻ̨
ǽƲ⣬֪ܲ̽ڰе鵱̨¡
ɫδʲô仯⵽, ϵĳɿؿһ, óȷ, Ʋ׵顣
ø͸һͼٽи
̨֪ɻţʲô£
ûʲô£ȥֻǵһЩҲˣͷˡ
ƳĬûٶ˵Ž֪˷˯ɣٹ㡣
ߺ򷢽֪˯£ʱѾˣţˣŹү˵Ļ
֪ţү
ôôùүĻζţ᲻Сү˵ʲô
ᡣҡͷ¹شƲ׾й¶ȥ
ߵ죬Ѿͷˣ
ȥҲҽ֪⣬Ҫ̧ۿ裬̾˿ȿô˵ɡ
᷿߽񣺡Ҳ̨ľڣûҵڽУξļ¼
ĬĬû˵
ѫ˼ӣƵйٸ¼ľȱʧܶ࣬ܽӴͷ˵ˣ󲿷ҲȥǰЩҲ鵽˵һŵ䣬ҵ˸Ϲȥʱʧˡ˵Żһ˿ȡ
û˵ǽͷ˵⣬һɣڰе鵱̨¡
ڿ˿ڣʲô£
˶٣ûж⣬ֻǾ¿ܻԽⲻڰеĻ˲ɲ
ֻǳ þò˵ȷƲ׵һ⡣
һɲǺز˼㡣ƲСһ𳤴󣬶Ϊǰ;ҪƽĶۣƲ׶ϼٱͷһжͬ룬һףƲܹرﰮ⣬ôѡ
һʤ㶼ûСְ̿ûһӿͷž֮У͵͵ΪҪ̨£㷢ʲô
عǿѹסĵ׵ࣺУξ⣬ǳС
ҵģεģԲͬѰõĹУֻоĿǰΪֹûзʲô֤ݣҲκ
ܺáôԺҲҪκƲԶǽҵĶӣֳбĿܡ
ԣѹ˴£ýƲκαʾҪߣ˵һҲڵ£ĿΪ÷
֪ˡţһѺү
Щһֱ£ȷһʧôãɽУξʵ顣ǰһ´УξֲͬУξҲӣҾλУӦûһ档
ͷһУʱ̿ܵˣǾͲɴл˵׳нٲܳΪڦҵİѱлһʣƲ꣬ǵı߽Ҳ漰棬л䡶벻׷
̾˿ûô򵥡
û˵ֻԼ񣬳еĹǣƲǺΨһĶӣ⣬ôû˼̳ˣչôй̡
ûֵܣ壬ֵͬܣ֪׽ҵĶﱲҲû罪Ʋһɫṇ̀ƽ괫һ˥䡣˼ţȽֵ⣬ʣĴӳ顣
һͺү顣̧ۣ²Ҫ⣬ϸ֪˲˼ǡ
Ҳ˵ۣɬЦݣκοܶ£Ҷ˵ңҪ
ã֪̾գαص
һۣǰ֪գαصûô࣬жá
Щȴǰͻ࣬ǵÿţ߳ȥҲЩͺá
֮󣬳ÿ춼ǰʱ̫ůͣ㽪֪Ժһӣ緹ʱ䣬ҪһԷ̶һʮĹ򣬱ǰһ緹Ĵࡣ
㣬ΨһĵǣǸе齪Ʋʼûҵ併ĵҲûиչ
µʱݽݱƲ첿ԽԭͻϮλͥɱн
ΧݵյϢæԮûǣɱ򣬡лЦģʮ⣬ʮ˵ˣֻʣ߰򣬽Ա׷вһǽӦƲףǵʱͷлʣ߰Ҳܲˡ
׳ȫʮУֻҪܼ룬һصݱ߾ս𡣳սݣӹû
گָƲ佫ͷΣлЦƲ׻سǣ޾͵عףﰭְŵᡣ
ҪعףôƲ׾ݡѾˣ뽪֪ʣ²һ£ƲױţΪҲǸ֮ǰε˵ĸһİӡ
ĵ뽪Ʋ׻Щܹ׽֪⣬ΪдϵԵʣǽƲ׻һж˻صǰƲײᣬӽ
˳л䡵˼ƲݣȻۿŵͼϻɽҰԭƲҲԸȻؼһˡ
ƲǸõǰоĹģʹƲ׾һΣΪ˽˽Ʋ׻ؾ·ӡ
̫ܵԶˣҲղϢ˭֪ôġл˵ţͻȻˣǲҪˣƲǲŻ
ЦУܸǰͷ̣޾׼Ȼ
ĬšƲ׻ἰʱϻģʱлӡҲʱѾˣ᲻ȡѪķӣûҵ
м鷳£лָţƹۣЩԹһֱڵƲɱ
֪¡Ʋ״սһ̬ÿһأռǳزﲻշ²ֻ޶ɱ׳ʣµĶһѻչ⡣ֶһ˵ɣӺԱ֮ʦӲ¡
Ʋ˸أûвûݣ˷ǵоԴضҾΣ֮С
ֻɱвܽΪ˾ȷһû֯ӽݡĶѰչǵݷݲͥͲòķѴҲûս¡ƲֺǵĲûд
ǣǰҲйͶңشӺƲײܽΪΣΪƲ״˾ҲȲѣ׷𡣡
л䡵ͷһߣҲô룬ЩӾаɡ
£첽Ͼм
л䡽ӹһһãҳ͵Ϯװ
лɻصװ󣬶Žʮһݣֻ˹õĿװٽݣսʱʱұ뾳ɧţлɲĸ°ˣ˭֪ǰҳɽ·Խçɽȡװ
Ҳһװ꣬û˭Ϥװ˷·װΣӣװݣװֽܵУǰòŤתսҪ䡣ɼῤƽפԮװ
Ҳֻˡл䡼ԸټˣЦһøӣסҪʬΣ
ּ⵱԰˰Ӽ˳ȥϦ촫ϢлɢҲټԮ֮ǰװδܽӵĽɱһ罫죬װʿԮִҲΨлհװ̫ط˳һ֮أװأ޲
廹ǺЩ͵ģл䡷սƽﲻ£ҪͷҲɢãҲãҲ£á
֪Ը棬ϾлǶԵλмвˣһڰ¡ֳ뾩ν
һ뾩ɼлɣʱܼӣЩҲͲˡ
˻û˱߲áлЦ£ƲǱˣһܼν
۴⣬ɫѾתʱӭ´ѿʼս²ϣǰ󹬶ü֧ѣҲ죬ֻھ͹硣лЦʱˣһ극ɡ
ſһۣ찵ˣ̫æ糿ڹ£ûüȥЩ˽£ˡ
ҪȥлЦˣ޲㣬Ͻ߰ɡ
ùţѾ˶ʱ̫̫һ죬һҪˡ
޹𣬼ٻؼңϹϲԳ߶ϱǰ̸ֹ࣬һ˴ǰӰӡ̧ͷɫʱԻȥһˣظ
ӿةฮȥһ·ϱžͣ϶͸̻ʵ⣬Цŷ˵ζֻΧơ
۾ʱˣӦóԹ˰ɣҪʱ֮󣬵ӰҹʱҪȰЩ˯źá
ͣס½Ρ֣ةฮԵʮ壬ֻǰ˲ʵƺƽһ
첽ԺȥÿϦڹи磬Ҫһһ磬űͷһĴ󳯻ᣬȻؼʱͨ硣ֵʱûߡ
ӲԹÿǰܻװһ£ҷ»ģҲǣվºˣ̿յȺģЦӭĵطůʡ
뽪֪⡣ģ۾̡еڻˣЩȥġ
ϺԺǰ۾޵úģһΪҲϻؼҡ
䵭죬Ҳڼҡ
£ֲһ˹
ǰǽߵʣΪġͣǰһ㣬Ҫȥ
ҪˣϺᣬôһҶҪëˡ
飡֪ڷ̻ϰըɫӳϣͷţȥ˼ҷڷŻвУ
СܾˡܳȥҪ¡
ҲԶǰ飬ϰĿˣûˣҪǲģúǿҡ
飡һ̻ͷըʶؿƽ򸮵ķǲͬ⣬ֻҪݣһˣȥ˯ˡֻǰ
ããǰ飬ϻϲأŵĻְ
ɿߣæ˸ϣŻͷڽվţͷͷ̻
Ӻ󣬳߽ƽ򸮡
˿ҵƮҹУûͷС̻ͥ񣬿лҩеζԽɫĹߣ¶̨Ͻ֪Ŵɴëﶷ


92 
, ӶУ̻ڿţ۾Ž֪, 첽ɢ, ¶̨ǰ
һſϣŶűϥ, ΧһܵĺҸ, ֻͨ¶һŷ۰׵ԽԵÿɰ
ʵ˷
䣬һ̻ǡڴʱȼס̧ͷ, 滨ͬʱ, ŵȾ, ֻؿ, ʢŵ̻
⻹ǵһ, һ̻
Ƭ̺, ɢ֪ͷ㷽˵ʲô
˷
ֱ̻ס, һжԾԲ㣬ӨӨģ·ڿйϵҲ, ѡ
ǡʮν¡̻̫ʢ, ˵ģ, Բ˵ˣֻĬĬվڽ֪ߣϣпһһӹĹӰ
бըĺƮմϣ𣬽֪ˣתһֱͣ
սĸоֱȼգյϣЩסǱм⡣
̻ʢıУˮӯӯӳŹ⿴ӵżƽסմ
أһǧҶڿɫӳߵЦսⶳıϿƬʻҲкöࡣ
ؿţӵемҲȥϵмֻؿ
ü续滨һ㣬Сɹ°ͣʱЦݣȴǻѾܾúܾãôЦˡ
Щļ䣬ദʱμŵһУͻȻ˿أһ붼ӿ˳Ц˵ʱỺĵӣ壬ҵҹڶߣĺ
˵ʲôֲ֪˵ʲô֮䣬ͥд˷ľУƳһĹ켣ǰ
һöСǷ˼ȡ֣һöƫ˷ֱֱȹ³룬һǰס֪⣬ſţȲҪͷʱǴŻ𻨵ԽԽһŲȥ
ѥ̵ζ𣬻ɫǺ֣Ǽ⣺Ǻˣŵ㡣
ָо룬ĵȴѾɧ·𴥵⻬ļ
úܽͥй˸ɫʵƣͷ̻Խ֪ؿŨüؽޣ˫ͫڣŨûգǰֵĮɫˣŻ㱴Уּţһֻֽαܿ԰׵ƤϷԵɫѪܡ
֪оůȵ壬αסůȵ֣ӸǰնȣĺҲůģ˵ʱеİߣƮ롣
ԭҲֻ䵭Ҳıɡ֪þִ٣æãû¡
ڽ³Ϩ𣬳άԭеһһγѰطֿЩţЩڣͷöڱϡ
û˵ֻ̻һһը죬мԶ˵ЦҹϷȺ
ҹɫˣطɫ˪æ££ϥͷ䣬ȥɡ
ţ˵У֪ⲻԾǰúܵͣڶߣɣͷ䡣
Ŷ䣬Ҳȷλõ֪ƫͷŷҪվ𣬳һס
ЩɢЩѾù죬ϥ·ϣվǰ¶̨ߣֻ̨ףŷĺձŲӣ֪Сȵ̧Žţȥ
Ӹ߸¡𣬳ЩȽŶʱϥǼҪ䵽ӣʶطˣСЩ
͸Ķ£֪ģоĵ¶ȣأ̻ͷôһΣ̻
ԭζ
Խͥȥ̻ƬͣЪ͵͵˵
֪ⲻʱ·ʵҲ˷
Էԭ˵鷳ߣʹָˣ
ĻӦϨԵɡ
ԵA𘣬ӺķףνA𘣬弦ˣˮȥﵽⶼůġܿһ룬̧ʱ֪⿴æʵôˣ
Ҳ֪ôģ֪ŴֽϲʱõɫʣңԶݣûгA𘣿
ǧ֮⣬ԭ
ƲקӣͷһҾƣһᴩǺӣӱͻҳ׽ӣ
¾ͻ룬ѾݶϾţȻǰϮʱ˿е֪ҳʲװӱ򵼣Ʋ׾û͵Ϯҳϳҳس׽ӡ
ɽӰУʿǳĬӦżսǣڷˡ
ҹɫڣ˪絶Ʋ׹˹ֹ¼Ҿƣʲôˣ
ϦϴƼĻӦɽʯţ³˺ӣѾ˾жĴÿ춼ء
ʢķ򣬴ԶЦҲ֪ʱ򣬰ǲڳA𘡣
ǰʱǶؼңһԲһȺA𘡣Ʋӿ飬Ϧˣжʮ죬͸ˡһշתݺᣬһ࣬ͥϳ缸Ҫһһ˺飬ǵն׵ѾټˣֻһͷЩˣЩȥ
׸Ƽ壬Ʋ׵ҳͻر븸˧ɵʣµľ
ʮ죬ʮ죬һ̾ܽȥʱøһּݣɱһ׳һݻᰲȺƽҲܷߣźӡ
ȻӵĸǸĳֻҪĺӣֻҪϲԴһúӡ
ãڰдƼĻӦҲһҾƣЩɵˣЩȥ
ǰŽ֪˯£Żฮ
ǰĺϷϷΧסˣͣڵݱܣΣվ·ʯǰ
ߣĿԽܶȺܿ쿴ฮǰߵ¿յģϲɴ˻Ҽ·Ѱϡ
Ⱥǰһ̧ͷˣ˵ոϷʱһ̫̫˶Ҳˡ
ͣǼȵ˽ǣةɢѰңվ̨ߴһԶظߵϷˣ½ǡ
ǽͷ׷˹ȥͷϱӰһΣһȺ
Ӱϡм죬ҪϸȺһ翴ˣûϻС̫ͣ˿ӱŲŲǼԹȥˡ
ͷִٲʵԱǸģ˭
ûаҲʶͷˣ˭֪Ա˭
Զ룬ϷǰȥˣͷΣȥɡ
ʵʵȥˣйȥһ£ˡ
صƫԺʱɨøɸɾݽǵ̿յůǴǰľԸģеĶֻϴܻŵɣҺǷӶȡߣ¡
꣬ѾɵúˣζҲʣʲôˣţŽҹ¶Цݣ۽ǲЦݣٽҹܵһߡ
첻ңԪմ󳯻ᣬ߳ӣɢʱѾ磬ŽȥĻظҹ洩µĸһү
档ɫһ


93 
³һ, ƽǰ
Ӻϰף޵ŮҪһңϽТĸ, ڼһٷÿҲŽ֪, ǿǰŵӲô硣
ô, ʹӸں̧̧, ÿӶźװŲӦϲ
жð죬ǰЩӦڶǽ֪㣬Ҳ⡣Լð, Żȥһ, ֻӦ, ϲϲ˵ʱ, ͨһԲڱϣÿηһ, ̾ߡ
ܿʧ, Ӳο

߼, ǰŽţȥ
Ϊɢ̿Եʣƿһ죬ӷ϶￴֪ǰ˵Ӳɵÿ, ̨, Ѿ߶ֱԼӣ⡣
֪ת, Ѿ룬ͨʱû˶ˣҲֻõͷʾ⡣
ܿɫƽ䵭Ѿ㹻ˣࡣȽţкʹӰѽָ̧˵ҴЩӿõϵĶ
֪⿴һۣû˵æһ䣬ȫӤ·ЬࡢΧñ֮࣬Ϊ֪Ůֶףѡ˼ϸܵޡ˿洩·ɫޣ£ɫصЩû廨͵ʹСƤۣ·òҪɫ̫ģҪ廨飬Ƥ
Щܼɽ֪Ҳ֪·ҲͱףǲȱģȻڣ뵽ӾһЩϸµ£ܾĻû˵ڡ
򿪵ڶ䣬ȫǸߣӤʱĲż˹ġҡ塢СƤٴЩΡɰ塢ӣһװ룬ССӻ̡
֪һҡ壬ĥ⻬ľͷֻǶԲһΣ
æִһиܹġ
ɵļ׺ż˶îԹ̶ڴߣڴϻҡϣҲܵţˣ
ֲ֪£ССͭƵƵ˼Ҳе㱣ֻǳ
ӻͳһСϻӣ˵ݹڷǰģͼɡ
װǳȦƽȦӣƽͺһһö𣬿ܱͺӣԸǰƽϲ֡
֪ۿţƬȦģأӺϰףӤ̫ص˸٣ܷԲǸŴ󻧻ͨ˼ң඼ֻû뵽Щ׵ĽȻҲ
ǰӲЩ
ٿöƽһöд֣ϵĴȶƣʱƾӯҪһ·ͷݵɽիղܵһöæҲ֪ʲôʱµġҡ
֪ģȥ㣬ӲȥйҲӲϹ㣬ȻȻȥͷݣƽ
⣬˵ҲӣʱʲôصĶŰɡ
̧֪ۿȫţһ֪ĽţǰǵĮƶ룬ģ˺ܶࡣ
֪ӹϻӡ
Ըоһܿ˵ٹŽţòã
վ࣬ǫ̬·ʱŸţʲôͻ״Ҳ̫š
ǰѶµŴǹˣźģϵͷɾЩ̣ȷܷЩ֪ͷá
Ժÿ綼òãŵúܾæһ䣬Ҳᳳ㣬ҲҳԷǿ㣬ߡ
֪⿴һۡЩûĸı䣬ȻԽ࣬ԽһжʮֿЦ˴ֻΪǵ⣬ģǵˡ
ʲôأ
ӿҪʱи̻Ѻ룬ȥͿЦˣ֪ҡͷãĸҾС
˵еۿԣæȰ裬ֻֻ۾һ˫֣࣬ʱѲɣܵиӦš
Ҳ⡣֪˵ŻͻȻöһ
ЩӲͣǱųţۣǰ̥ȫһ֪ΪֻżȻ֪һ¡
ôˣһӴյúܽʵ
ע⵽ˣɫˣۣżֻţҲ˫ַסǲﲻ
̧֪ͷеۡ
˵ʱԵ̲סһ
ۣȻӾǰгƽ侲Ŵʱȫ׵Ժ󣬳Žкɣȥ򣡿죡Էȥ佣ȥ
ɷɿˣǲǺߵˣ
ǣһ֪öȻһ飬һ̥̥Ǻ΢ۣźӵĶıλãһƬŽĳۡ
⣡۵ɫף׻ˣס֣££ڣҪ۵г¡
ѵҪǰˣҲеţҪʱӲŻۡ
ȴʱͻȻʧ֪һںЩˡ
ɿ֣ȴţ߬úܽ﷢ųݸߵǹбζûбĲã
֪ⲻ̫ϰߣ£γѰſȴվúܽʲôоۣ
ʹѾʧˣ֪⿴üһ㵭ĺЦֲǴ򣬱ˣôȴǴۣƤоӲ
ʲô״ûڡóʱϰѧҽģøЩͲ˽ź¡
ȵȲɡ˲β
֪ССڵغȥţʱһȥûۣҲˡ
ָմѾ˵˷ŵ֢״併ͷ޷·ݴ֮ΣͨѪ¡
ȷ𣿲Ҫܷģ׷ʡ
ãҡͷҪ
͵֮ǰĸʹйɣе񣬵ǣҸ㲹ѪҩԣӦûиơ
Űɣֽʣƫڵļ米ֲָ𪣬ֱķɫƣϴ٣Ȼֹĸоȴʧˡ
ʱϵóĽͬŷģŽ֪ҩֵ˼ʱȷûۣŸǳš
ԷͳһܷĴƿ佼ҩʱһֱţҩҩͷ
ӹ˭
袶šˣӾǱ߱˵ү˼˽Ҷү
Ҷɣϥӣҵ䡣ᵽıζ
л˵
βˣӦʮ¾ᣬôô


94 
̫ȥ, ವһڷͷ»Ь, ߵɫΪһ塣
Ѿﶢ˼ʱ, 佻ڷ￴飬ʱǾ, ˯, û˵ƣqqģʲôҲ
ĵã̴ٵУǻˡ˯û, 袴ӱԾ, ѹ˽صʱ, 㡣
ͷ, Ҹ˳Եģ, ȵ档ͳһҶ, ǼĴס
ţһҧȥСТġ
һƬ, 佴ȥߵߵ档µĵϢһ죬Ůӽˣ
šͣǿ
ûóְɣŮЦǿǸġ
Ҫ, һܺö˶Щͷ, Ͻ߰, ǶĿҡ
ȡһѪأ߲áŮЦһ£ʲôϾҪˣǱQ˼졣
ĿͻȻݶԼһ죬ӵˣæ죬طֺϣžڵϣװѵģϵĵơ
ݶϣӷ϶￴·ҪȥϴһпǸƽҹ
صฮԺյĴš
˳ӳϦҹʼͱԺﲻܳȥʱקųţ㵽ʲôҶ˵˶ٴΣû
ţΪʲô㣿
ûңϿҰͲңʲôʱҹң
ģΪǸӣ
ûУ̷ϣ㶼˵˺ӹ齪֪⣬Ҷģǲң
Ҳû˵ĺӡץס˵Ҫʲô
ϽͰ˵Էޣ˵ʲô㶼ţ㻹ʲôҶ˵˶ٴˣûҲûҹң
޵˺ѷΣứһԲת뿪Ժš
̫Σһ۾ϳѡ
ض棬ܿڴӵ⡣ȢѾ꣬ͨϥȴһŮûУ˵Ҽ֧ڳ̵ֹ£Ҳ漱ˣ˼
ҲпΪ˶ԸϴεʧܺһֱûģֶûϹ
ֻϼӷܿҪˣʮһҲиá
𣬳һܣɢȥһˣ緹ʱȥһˣڽ֪˯󵽣ǰʼ׮׮ҪŲսܼﶼæ˼㣬ʱǶ˯
使ҩûзκ֮ټ佣ҲûǴοʱǿҵУҷɾ裬ܼ佣ҽ֪Щû۹Ҳܹġ
ʮʱݺװ˫˫ݱƲʾ͵ϮҳϳɱƬײɱԮҳȫҳ½ƲѻرԤ뽪ɳ׷ǰлв
װǱߣҳ˵ϳʧæرлɳû׷ǰնɱӡ
ս𲻶ϣձܿȫԴڽӺȫ͸Ѷʱ޲ֳƿ죬лҲǹ˽Ʋף֮о֮Ѹ˵ȵ۷ͥͷ
øּɡл䡿꼸Ϊл͵ۣЦһ£Ѿ޵壬֮ףôֻͣؾΪ̫ТȫһƬТˡ
ٻؾУƤӵ¿ţ󣬵ʱԼ
õһ౨лʾ׷ʱںⷢһڣׯʬʮݲŮʬǰϣׯɱģׯӣģͨⷨһٳЩŮӣҩƷ
һ飬Żذϡׯһ˼ʼûнչлɳɾˮʯҲɡҩϣׯͰ֪ҲͰˣʢϣ֮פװϰ˸Ӵţƫϵҩ
л䡲֪ҩ£ʵҩô£ʲôҩҪŮƣ
δֻŮӣЩŮӺܿׯЩ޵Ů
ҹҩ˽ֻ֮£ҩŮҩˣͷѪѾʮˣҩЧɣָտɴ
ֵЩŮʬܸܿһЩﱻׯŪŮׯαɱЩŮӺ֪ܿ飬Ϊ˱ܣδ֪ԭЩŮӶ˿ڡΪʲôΨˣھл÷ˮ
£ǽ𣿡лʵ
ôΪĻҲڲֻӣ׾춼˲ϡ
Ӻ󣬽жѾŮ췢伫أлһʣѹٳ֡л˼ţˣ˲ܿڣ˵ʲôʲôɡ
ˮʯ
лŪộܺͼıлɻؾӦþͼذ֮ʱ
С̫߶ʱ£ةӵͷࡣ
һ±ɫһ֪ţѵҪˣ
ֻͣлһ񣺡ˡ
лӦʣߣԽԽ죬ʱѾСл䡲վʵʲô£
ˣСʹ˵Ǻ¡
Ǿ͹ֲôˣл䡵ͷ˹ȥŵϢ
һ·ܳǣڳǰһ·ʳǣŸںʱǰʼʹһʼΪ֮ǰһѪ㣬֪˰ʱۣԽԽѾϹȥˣ˵Ҫ
ڽɱѣ֪ͨ˲
֪ͨˣӦҲȥˡ
һޣԽԽ졣Ҫˣǰʮ췢᲻Σգߵʱ򻹺úõģôͻȻ֮ͷˣ
Һģһ㻶ϲǽšҪˣǵĺӾҪˣͷѪܲܳڵĶأڵĶҲ֪ûӰ졣
ÿ־壬ҧǰܻţͷһӣضסĹǡ
ݣƥƺ磬ҲƵƽķȥ
ݳ⡣
Ʋײһƻ̽ԶѺһʿץһϸ
ʿɫȴӺˣƲ״ǰͷһޣʲôˣ
˹ڵأģСװؾ磬Сһֱ뷨ӻȥСûиۣͬ
ԣǽӵѾƲײ뿪ɱˡ
ɱңɱңۼʿѩĸֵҪ£ŵÿ޺֪һܣǽã˶Ҫˣ
ס֣Ʋ״һ


95 
Ʋ׳, סµĵ棬ײĽĻ𻨣ôˣ
жˣǰ, ΣգʿĿ, еһϢƾҪնΣŵһ̱ڵ, ҵ, ǽӸɵģֻŵģ
жǰӣΣաƲԴֱ죬, һѾסʿӲ𣿡
ûʱɵ, иаסյġʿǯĴס, , ³ʣµ֣ҪСĴ, ֻҪ, ̾ðסոýⶾ, ҪǽӦþͣ͡
˵Ʋǰֻɣֻʣ֡û֪գû֪뽪֪й, ˵, ¾һɿ, һ¾ԮԴ羳ɱƲҲ˿ֻŹʲô
Ҳ֪Ĳ֪ʿţֻǸŵģֻô֪
Դ˵ԽԽ죬ŵýƲ׼κκ顣жˣΣգܻһ
ƲľȻһЩǸĵ֣սڼʤڼȻܾ
ݾԶת˲˽ǰͳż
Ʋһץ˹ǽ˧îʱԭϱΧ߲ӡîʱоŸʱʣӣѾ·ߡ
Ʋ˺һţıʼոʹҽҩ
ոʹжһжˡƲֶţż㡣û˵ѣҪҪЮ
Ƹ磬ƼӶϹʲô£
ʲô¡жˡóܾ
Ƹ磿ƼɫѿǰһľҪ𣿡
áˣͻƲ裺
ʿһɧڽʤ볹ȫֻһΪʱ򳷱ʣȻνƲͬoһ㣬Ȼľ飬ɧֹܿͣʿĬĬʰ
Ƽ岻ף׷ŽƲ׷ʣΪʲôҪǾ˵˧Ҫǳ
벻ͨƴãǰϢһֱҪݾΧʱ򳷱ǹһ񣬸οûǵĲӦݾδ˳ߵУ˭ʤ˭ֳδ֪
û˻ӦƲ׵˶ҲƵس˳ȥ
ұ絶һϣʹཹҲ絶һ㡣
Σգ˿³ıѾãʱҪЮΪһս
ܲӦͻ
ô
ѪɫԽԽƲͬ˵ĶǣƵƴظϡ㣬ٿ㣬᳷᲻ҪظϻؾУҵգĶѰʬΣ
׳ңͬĽģƲ͵סͷ
ۣͬĵ֣һִĺñǰһ䳷ֶ˵ߣȫȫ
Ʋץһ
Ʋף磬Ըػˣ佫ָⳡʤ֮սĽ졣Ӫǧཫʿһ仰ûʾ͸ǣһ³˹ǧôΨľս˵ѪܲһսϵսǺͣϵյôʱ򣬳
ɲͻ
ͣнսƲѪӿһγ쳤Х
Хͬ˵ޣʿǵĽ
Ļһ㰵ƲվţֱԶмӰɿƽǹ׵Ĳ£˽˧֮ǲӦԸ뽫ս
ˡԽ½ף̻ܼԲ˯ϻؾУһܾգһܾ
Ʋ죬ȴû˵ף
ƺûѡ
ƽС
ʹʱͣס֪֣˼ڲμ
Ѿһһҹˣֻֽһһۡſ˶ӣ˵ӦҪȻʮʱȥʼֻһָ
۵˼㣬¶ź֪ڴϣ˵ǳ˭
߳ȥˣæ֣ȡȡ
֪֪֣ƽӶ˵ǧҵ¡
ս½һø׺͸֪ò˳ҪģܻǵĴ¡
֪ᣬһֶ˵
ҴҴǣˣЩú˯һܹ˾ӡ
֪΢΢ͷ׵̣ƽʱһСŮһ򶼹Եúܡ
ӷᣬֲ¶űûۣ֪Ժ˯ˡ
ţſ첽ȥ䣬һֱûߣڱϴ粽룬ֱղҪ鿪ڵŻرˣȥ
һȦûҵѾ߻ص̫ҽææҹ˹ȥͷ˵ˡ
üŴǰ֪ⲢҲӲӼѵΪӵ£
Ժǽ£ŵģĹ⣬ƵĹ顣
˵ϴ͹ģͷҩļ¼¹ٿܿҩйء
ĿͣڷƵҳϣ߷ҩԣѲѪ
Ѫɽǰ侲ڴ˿߽⡣ŶžòסϣȥûվȣǰֻǷźţһͷԵڵء
Сģæһ
˶ǣѪģҩȴֻæȥץ飺ķûУ
Уҽ飬ԥһ£˵һͷѪȫ
һץ飬ַ˺棺ҩͷѪɽ⡣
ܿ侲µҩɾȣȻ֤ʵ˰յĻûʲôµġΪһ죬׼
в佣Է
е״˵ĶˣĲȷҩ¡ô⼸ضзҩ˵ͷѪûٴԡܸͷѪģֻ佡
֮ǰץ佣¶ͷѪԴٴԣͷٹ˼ˡ
ȫѲա
ûҩζҩˣպܻܿţȡͷѪ
ɣŸ׷Ȿҽ˭֡
ôãʼûҵȷеļأȴŵĹͷⱾҽ͵ˡûôɺϣһиԤı
ԤıʲôѾûʱȥϸۣⱾҽˣضĻʹйأʱǸ࣬
ԼȡͷѪǱԼ
ʱľ
Ҫһʼ¶˾ģеѰ׵ǲˣͺҲܺúûȥ
׼ȡѪ
תȥһ߹ͥԺ̨ף³ݵĽ֪⣺һ£ˡ
л˵


96 
ȫ, ͷһ䣬뽪֪˯ĶԶᳳѲ, Ϊж
ʲôˢһվ, ɫʲô
ҩ֮ʳҩ, Ѫɾ綾, ͷѪܽⶾ
顣·˼էȻֻǧͷץסص㣺ȥͷѪԣǧСôжʲôʱ£˭ģô֪˶
﷢ſ, ҲǡĴ, Ƿ, 㽻, ҲˡҵĴµ˶ͷѪ, С
ൽ˼, ѿĺ£
ǳ£ȫӺģһ, һֱ㣡
Ϊʲôԩ޳𣬴Ӳ
ͻȻסˣӦ˹ͷѪôУץ˰գɰղѾ𣿡
Ҳûһûץ, ͷѪ, Сͷ, ޴ıĵ׷𡣼粻ǵ粻ǵжáҳҩҵͷѪҲܽⶾ
һǾͺãǾͿЩȡѪ
ҪߣһģʵȡǸѪ㲻°ɣ
ᣬƽɫ
˵ʵ飬˵ˣ벻ȡѪǰЩŬͶ׷ˣҲҪ⣬һи񣬲Ϸá
ûзԡѲһ죬;Ķ֪жΪҲ½֪ѹѪͷҲȷ𣿡
ֻҪû£ĸԸǰӣû£ȡһԣЧ
ȻѾԹܶΣҵģȷһʧ
Ӧˣá
᷿ϣذڷˮл£ŴԷ˼ܵסĺۼ
ҲǰաùذףӽѶ佣ҳıʹ
ȥ£¶ţദ˲ǰȡѪҩġذף˺۱ϱ˱ȣЩˣҪô¹ɣ
֪ǲٿȥ˰֣ء
ǰζԼ֣Ѿˣȱָȡţ˽
Ӧţüۣеԥ׼ȷشࡣ
ȵѪ˵ʲôζƫʱԾܿʺѪҺ˳ѪУҩ˵Ѫ볣˲̣ͬкܿæֹסˣ÷ԡ
ذףùֹѪҩϣѪҩ忪룬æͿ࣬ʺѪãҲ֪ҩԹ
ȻһֱҩȻͷѪԹΣҩԽԽǿǸȣе¡
ѾΣ̲ס˵ȻǰùյͷѪⶾβץס˰գѪ
УԾɲ̵ѪҶĲ𡣡
ҲҶġ˵Ҫ볹׽ⶾҩĸԸ׳ȫͷѪȻսթ˵δʵҶġ
վĸԸȡѪյѪҲδؾûжֻԼ
̾ӹҩ룺ȥ
û¶ãȽ֪棬Ҳġ
ۿ˳ȥ룬̲סں档뿴ʱ䲻ˣܶ࿴һۣȪ·ϣͶһְο
ձҿһ죬͸϶ȥѪ˵ǰõ˵ǣѪëúȵ¹ѪУҲȡȺȥ
һᵽɤۣ߬ӣһ۲գؿš֪ڴס˴Σɫе¡
ͣЩѪȵĶĲҺȡۣɲֲУȰúӣȫΪ˺ӰɣѾһˣܲ˰
ӷ϶￴ס룬ᣣζ¶СüԥƬ̣һͷȥ
ŵ£һֽˣЧ
ﰲһڵϵãʣûкõ㣿
öˡ˿¶͵ĲմѪޣöûôûôˡ
ããϲŲ̫ҽôأŹˮ׼ɾëЩ
ѾǼææжæڱϣоõˣѪãܹΪʲôˡ
¶ǼٵĽŲ˵Ϣƽ࣬Ÿϵʱֿ֪ʼʹ⣬ŻϲؽţѾ˶ָˣ˿ˣ̧ȥ
ˣǵĺӾҪˡڣΪ˵ʲôֲֻһ
վţ϶۵ÿ㣬ЩŪ꣬Щ
ת⣬ԽԽ죺
֪ԽԽǶЩˡǰûʲôɵĳ۲һڵۺйɣԽԽ̣ʱԽԽȥݽǵɳ©ſ̶ȷɢעѾ۵ÿ̶ȣϢʵͷ˵𣿡
ѾܳʱûˣʱȴֿҲй°ɣǺæҲϰˡ
Ҳˣų˹ȥ¹Ѫ˰ɣ㻹ٺЩС
Ȼ֪û˵һʹܿӿֻҧš
᷿⿪·ذ׻ո̵˿ڡ
Ѫӿչ޽ţܿ忪ʼ䣬ʧȥղסţˣ
ӹذףֻ۶Ǻɫ﷢𣺡Ҫôɣ
ءһѪˣͷԷȷԽԽ䣬۾̫壬ȥ

֪ⱻţµڶѪŴصʵз϶ű죬Żڼ飺ָˣ˿ˣ
ָˡ֪͵ͻۡðԼŴص̫ˣһ˿Ҳ
⣬ٺһ롣ֵһѪ͹ȥ˳
űѪ˼㡣ͷѪж٣ôޣ˵£Ĳ
ȵѪ֪ЩŻеܡ
úӣ̣Ȱţ㿴룬ѾָˣⶫãΪ˺ӣ
Ϊ˺ӡ֪۾ȥΪ˺ӡ˵ӣ뿴ӡûڡ۵ԽԽԽԽݣǰܿŲгôʱ̲סۡ
᷿
ʶƮţѾˣֻǴƬƬʺ졣ڴϣַ·ƮڰͻȻ۵
۵ӻûģ￴֣ͣ׻²ȥ֣ţ
Ҳˣһģһ˿ڻø㣬ָƤѾûϢ׻ˣˣ


97 
֪֮, Һģƺкܶ˵żֱܷŵ¶ͷ, 
¶ͷ, ĺӣϾҪˡ֪߬ȭ, , Щĺ۰
۵˼ƴͷǿյģȴŸָҵ죬Զ, ߺ, Ѿ, , г裬ĸ, кö˰, ǶΧ
ƫƫûг
֪еʧԼʧΪʲôأ͸֪, ΪʲôҪʧء
ӶͷˣЩټӰѾڽС
ٺȵ㣬ȰϾͺˡ
Ϊʲô, öѪ, ô, ޾۾ǰһƬɺ졣
ٺȵ㣬ԡ֪ţڿޡΪʲôأϾҪˣǸ˵ÿ˰ɣ
ߣ֪ԺŬţһֱ૵غ˵ԣҪٶȵ㡣СʱĸҲԵģǺĸֻôų㣬۰ôȲȥˣĸ˵ء
֪⼫ȥһ㣬˵һѪڽ裺ȥôȡôѪ⣬⡭
⣬ôˣȡôѪӦкֻܶ¹ɡΪͺӣЩС¹ˡ
ͷˣˣڽУϾͺˣټӰѾ
֪ѾľˣֻǶ϶šۣĸ׿治װ
סˣźӽС
ٺȵ㣬ȥι
ⳢѪ¹Ѫ֣ƽʱѪܿͻ̣ЩѪôãЩ¹֪ȫѾŬҲʲȥ˳ʳææȥ״εغԣʣˣȥӾˣԡ
ģ˺öˣЩ¹֪͵ͽۣ϶ţʱú·һôԶͷȻڣŻϲĽˣ
ۡӤĿʱеӶѹȥ֪˵ۣʵ⣬Ǹк
кҲãˣк֮ء֪뿴ӣ뱧һҲãʶƮԽԽԶ·˰ʲĹ⡣
ء˵ҪģΪʲôʳˡ
ƮĩβڽУˣѪˣ
᷿һӷڴߣ̽±ϢеºģһӵذףˣӦҲˡ
үүͷڻû°ɣ
ҿţǷ֣֪ųһֱãֱѾ˺öѪ
һ̱ĳƵҳһ仰ѲѪ
ⶾ˶ѾôͷѪ˶ˡ
յͻȻ̡
һǳ
Ѿôã۾촽׵ֽ֪ô˵
Ҳ˵֪Ѫ˰ɡһ˲䣬ͻȻмĹ̸˸ʱǻһֱǻеߣΪǿҵĹעݻصûɵԸ
ĿƳҰ׵ָ˶ȼСʲô룬ذף֣Լ
ˣԥͰװˡһģذ÷ˮˣĨɾǰ˿ڣȥ
һţļⷴӦûУˣ֪Ǳıֶֻ֣һֻ˫˫ס׼ͷ
Ѫüȡô࣬Ӧòʣʲôˣź͵ģƴ³֣ѹ
Ҫѹ࣬Ѫ֣©Եȥѹ¡
ǰİ׹ԽԽԽԽ֪Ưţýѣ־òᡣ
ûأǧĺӣ޵ô϶ܽ뱧ѽ
Ҳ밢硣뿴ǣݡ
ããİ׹з·˳ǳص֪ţ硣
ݣԭ
Ʋ׳£䣡Ƶ罫˴ˤڵϣѪӰʪƲ׵ͷףƲûͣǰе磬ɿոŵ˵
ûߣͬ۵֣һ̡
ʳˡ˵ҪԶػûѪҧ¶ǵ״Ʋ׳ٻӳһͬʱˡ
ߣ֪ײСһָӣµĵǲ̫ǻ˹ף˭֪˲С
ԼȥģЩǵ
Ʋ׺ǰޡʵ̫ɣոյϢ׾ˣͺΪ뿪ƵġߣϴڣװݰܳҲ׻ڳˣﻹգ⻹ôݽʿ󣬻εӪ֡
ߡΪԼ鰮Ϊ죬Ϊ˵Ρ
⡣ƲѪ˫ۡ⡣
ɱƲ״һʾǰ֮ոĵһƬ£ɫױѪȾ죬ëѪ飬ݽĵƲ׿ݾԵս졣
ϱֻ߰ʣǧֳɼΰסֻ̡
ѾûҪǣҵˡƲһһ罫ƼߺһʣµĽ㣡
ݵķ򣬷ҲƵس˳ȥ
ϵѪ˱Ʋ׺Ĩһѡ⡣ˡ
ƽػ㡣£һһ
֪ԽƮԽߣԽƮԽԶ뿪Уȴһֱڻ⣬⡭
˭ء벻ƮٶЩͻȻȵζȵĶڴߣ֪Ȿܵȥ
¹Ѫкö¹Ѫ
һʵڣʹĸоһЩӵҲһ֪ڿޣѣԣѰɣڿأء
ӣĺӡ֪þȫţѪζ˿ǻкأôһϡ
ƮĸоԽԽԶۣʵ֪Ŭţзֱǵ۵ģϲĿǺӣĺӣǧĺӣ
Ƥ֪Ŭ̧ƫ̧ι޾ѪЩ¹ǵѪĻᡣ
ã֪۾ֻһ㣬խҰ￴ﷺ΢Ƥë׵ͷӱ۾
ӣĺӡ֪죬źů
ĺӣ֪ţ᲻öҲˣƳܵķ䣬ǲڡ
᷿ãȻڴϣȥȴ̽ĺ廹¶ȣֻ֪£Ϳûˡ
ԱߵϷһӣһһױдģ˵ˣͽ֪⡣ھͽȥã˼㡣ûûѪˣҪôȣ
̫ҽأţˣ


98 
֪ⲻ֪Լ˯˶, ÿܿߣůůһСţͳڸǰιιˮ, ůḧĶͷ, һλƾӯˣڸǰ˵˺ܶలοĻ, ۵˼, Цһ¶ѣֻǰ۾ѡ
е˶ڣȴܾһ, һҪ, Ȼ̫̫, ֻ벻˭
Ҫ˯ʱ̾Ϣ˵Ҳ֪
ЩԶ, Щ˵˺ͻȻӿͷ, ֪Ǹ˭ˡһֱûѽǵȲ
Ӧʧİ, ̫ۣ֪˯ˡ
Ҵñ, ëϸϸɾ˵ȥٵĳѾǶ˳ȥˣʳ裺ôˣ
ٺý֪ͺӳ, Ѿة˽, ֱ̧Ժӵ, ةΧʵһҲƼҲ֪ô
ǰŽңóһˮ©ȸȡѪаյģȻʱȥ죬ʼû¶棬Ҳǲ˱ƽʱ֧֧᲻˵飬ԽԽòԾ
ôǽ֪ͺӣû£ôһϢҲûУȥ𣿡
ȥˣһȥһˣûãǻʲô˵ Ѿ˼ˣûлฮһֱڹţ˺ɣ˭¶֣ȥүҲ˵û£õġ
ԽԽҪû£αطôʵֻǲãۿĸװĶѪжѪôôţ
谲οţ˱̫ģҲûõϢүӦûд󰭡
Ҳ֪Գݵλ£ضҪȫǣ¼Ȼûж˵˻ţȻ쳣ҲӦúܲá飺⿴ҪˣʱҸô˵
֪մѵҪӵĸΪ˾֪Ҫô˵ˣһѹ鷴ô죿
Ҫô˵Ҫ˵үæţҪǲʣҲȱᡣ
ãҲֻˡ
ة
һѪϵĵطû©ʲôѪЩѪˡһϲʵôûкõ㣿
йķӣȳҪΪѪҺҩ˵Ѫ볣˼ֻͬҪ˵ѪҺܹˮڣͿԸҩնԷѪ䵽Լڡ
̧˳̾Ͱһ飬⼸ĸֻѪڣһֱѪֻѪ˼ΣʼջǻԲѣҲʮ΢ܿʲôתļ
һųıϢһְڳŶΣ𷽲ţƺǿ˵㡣
ϲ̫ˣȥӵֵǶԣѴ˾Ȼ
ãæס˵ˣⷨһֻѪ˻ᷴɡ
Ŷ㣬ʲô˵δʵҪȻԶ㣿ļ٣㿴ģҪȥҾ£¡
һδѪڴѪʱһȥû˿ɫҲԽԽͣĸ̿ţǼĦĽĺţôûã¶ȻڽĿڻȥҲûʲôúܣԣҸ˶㣡
УĻ˵ʵ䷴һ䣬ⷨӵĵҲſǴ˵Ѫ볣˵̫һҪһöˣﷴҪܣһһôӦȴܹѪҺضиĹۡ
˵ƶʵҲûףЩ˼ΨһܲοֻǼȱҽ併йһжʯͷӣܲק˭Ҳ˵׼
Ҳôţ¼ҲûãԸܾգһء
˲ֶסĵƹ£һţʾѪɫĻҰףſκ˿־塣
֪ڵʱ
˯Ŵصʵ¯ųˮ㣬ԶζڲԶŴûзˣ֪Ŭת˴ҡĺӡ
Ҳˣһ˫ֺĴ۾ں˭
ͷʱӿȵİ⣬֪Ҳ̲סֻ׺ӣӡŬֳŴ˻ɤӻ
ͷɿ˹⣬ˣ
֪һ˫۾ֻǿҡĺӣСôô㣬ĺأ뱧ӡ
Ҳ˹޼Сһ㣬ӿסˣҡﱧӣ͵ǰӹԵúܣ޲֣ԵҲã˯Ҳá
֪뱧첲úܣַ̧¡ұˣûӣæ£ٽҸţ㲻ʹᶵס¾С
֪ޱСģź£˫ۣסٵĵסڣˣôŵСƤôϸţһӲôõ
۾ţɬţẬۿ֪ͷźӡһƤůĴУĺӣǧĺӣھӴٲǹһкˡ
úӣ֪ţ૵ͻúӡ
СС΢΢۾䣬Цݡ֪£漴ӦЦأϲؽеЦˣЦˣ
ҲˣͷһЦأ̫ˣ
ǵﱧſЦءڱϴȤӲЦôĺӣѽ϶Ǵ
֪˲˵ֻ۰Ͱ͵ؿţźЦһΣϧЦݼ̣º۾ؿҲܺã֪̲סһ£ĺӱǲЦɰõġ
̿յůӱڻһָ֪۾ڴͷǰδе̤ʵ㡣
ƺûʲôźˣˡ
ǵĿյоǿҵ޷ơôˣΪʲôû
ʣûʡҲæڴ̣ܶ࣬Ǹһʧӣʲô鶼ҪԹʣ鲻Ҳϰˣֺαعڻ֪ºӣǱϢ𣿡
ûУ̫˹㣬˵Ͼ׼ŶˣӦǺϢİɡ
ô̫󣿡֪е⡣
˯⼸죬̫ʹأǹСӣЪһɣôñˣҲιˡ
˺ȥι֪ڱϿţǿĸоͻȻָ˲ҪʣȻʱֻʣΪʲôû
ʻȥԥ  ͻȻѾǼ֪ⲻǲˣ
л˵


99 
֪ź, ۾źձԽԽĽŲŵصŽ
ǳ
Ųͣ, ûн, ͷúܣ֪ܿ, ˵ίЩ, ڴЩͻȻϤ⡣
ǳǸ磬ˡ
޴ʧž޴Ļϲ֪ʪ۾磡
⣬Ʋ˼ҹ, ۳嵽ǰ, Ӳɲסӡ
İ˺ܶӵ, ֪, ŮӸ꺢ʱմȾ, ǧϻ, ·ûͷûϴ, ϲ֪ʲôˣҲ֪жѪҲڽţΣա
Ʋ׼סӿ˼, ⣺ҡ
Բ˯, ҲƵܻ, Ľ̲ס˼룬ôЩңɷſʱ֪ж຦¡ʣֻ۲²⣬Ĳλû£ϲĺ죬Ӧû£ȻɫȷϣֻǶվǰֱƼܳӭӣϢ
֪ˣкĸƽȷˣúܼѣˡ˯˼ողѣ˷ԸϲγݣŸѣӲĸɵĶԲˣҪЩˮˮĶС
Ʋ룬ĵ棬ƽˡվӸǰźձϸܵ·ģ⣬һˡ
ˣǧأ̷ɳž˵ְͳľڻˡҲҪˡ
磬´棬ô
ðҲżģôãûûѵʱػԸ֡Ʋױӷᣬ˵ʱŲúܣʰʰٹ
ȥɣЦŲ죬Щϴ˹
ָϻһԲ˯ܻİɣ֪ҲЦģϤȥϴɣЩϴЪЪѽ
ֻۣҪΪôۡƲ״Ӧţȴ᲻ŲӦÿȥϴʰ㿴᲻ãֱ𽫽£ôͷֻһǸӣҲ
ڣ֪һûŲƲײûߣͻȻôѽǲʲô£ðɣ
һʣҲԭƶս˳ʱҲ̲סʵ̴ôû°ɣ
ʤˣȫʤƲæҲܺãսӦܵ
չҪսò˲شݱߵüսǰ棬ԵʱƿսʤƲײӣҪٲߵĻҪǵ˼ˣæ⣬ȥʰ㡣
ڻϲЦӤĿİ
Ʋ׸ȥĲͣסˣ²ŷӦĺӡ
֪Ҫ֪ˣ׶ӵĿԭǲһġƲӵ˼㣬Ц֪̾⺬Ц֪˾˻ˣڻӭ˾ˣǲǣ
ı˾ˡƲЦ۾ţĵĻϲϲ⺢ӣôҲϲ
ȥԡƲϴúܿ죬趹飬ˮͰĩҪڣˮЩ¶ĵطȫ˼飬žչȷͷ϶ɾˣŴ·Ьࡣ
żҪߣͣסͷøɲš
̫ˣܷ粻ˮʪͷմǾ鷳ˡɲ˺ܾãǳƲ׵ȲԴյ̿Աߣ̿š
켸ҹԲ˯ֻܸ·嶼˼㣬˿ͻȻɳڵֲʵƮСƲױ۾Ŵǰ֣ԽԽ
ָܽʹ¶ΪҪЮ͸˱˵ͨͷ֮ǰһֱװӪݰ˸ӴţҪҪЮĿ͸װĹԱ˵Ӻ̶ܴǸ⣬ֲɣô㵽ºǸӾսǰԽ֪¶вǣ
˵ͨм䣬
ǼͻȻᵽζ̫˼˿ͷƲæ˸øɾͷס첽ȥԺ
ЩŪĶμʱл䡲ɡ
̧ۿϤ鹣߽ŵϤůձס䣬棬Ʋͣ⣬ܽ𣿡
磬㣬֪ᣬźӡ
ã㡣Ʋ׼Ŷһ죬ȥ
ڣˣ˼ĺ룬յЦ˵ȴֻǽѹͣ⣬һˡ
ﱧźӣЦǱȴǰӰȵ񾲣쿴˾˻ˡ
Ʋ߽ͷĺӡĶͷĺ۾ССĺͣͷüëɫĺڣûһͻȻӿ𣬽ƲͷںӶͷһ£úӣ˾˻ˡ
ˣԺٲˡ羭شﶼƲˣڿԷ¼ͷصźӣٲҪʱ뿪ˡ
콪֪˯š̫ϲΪźӣΪݵʤ̣ΪŽƲ׻ؼңǱ۾ڴϣҲﶼǸЦֵģкĿ
ӵǿޣҲ֪ԺЦʼƮ˼ȥͣһûѽ
ûӿޣûӵģæʲôء
֪ʲôʱ˯ŵģ˳
ʯǰǰéܵ£ŸɾůЦһǰ⣬Ҫˡ
Щʹίɻʱ׵Ժ󣬽֪Ҫȥ
ҪˡЦóᣬЦ⣬չ˺Լչ˺úӣҪˡ
ͻȻңԶģéʯˣ֮һԽԽ
֪׷ȥƾʲôҪߣ
Щʵ˵ڵίԹ˿̶֪׷ƾʲôѽûûӣûôĿûֱӡƾʲôѽ
ԥ֪ɿ׷ϣվס㲻ߣƾʲô˵ӶϿһۣ
кͻȻڻ֪ţ˵㶼ˣ˵úչ˺ӣΪʲôҪߣ
⡣֣뱧ӣֱȴգʲôҲû⣬Һ뱧ѽ
֪оıҪᣬͻȻɢҲɢ֪⼱ôһ㲻ߣ
Ȼţҹڽ﷢İĹ⣬˯ԱߵС齻ѣ֪Ŵͷ𣬶кᣬ˼㡣
ΪʲôΣôˣҪȥ
ĸǰ򻨱һ£Ȼѡ̧ͷʱԱߴϵĳϢţɫҰףվ̾˿
ˣѪÿ춼䣬ʼûκɫҲû췦ǰҴҴǣͻȻóĽëǶ˶


100 
ƻֱһ, ۾ΪǴſĽëֶ˶
ʦ, ʦ, ѿڽʦ, , ˣ
Ųܿͷɢƿţͺɣܱʣˣ
ĸ˰ֻˢˢסϵĳůƵĵӰһ, ˿ûļ, е, ڨڨؽ͵ۿ˶, ë¡
ë˶еʧŻǰ, ִҲǷ紵, ף
ɫһϲæϸҹǿ˺ܶࡣ
ģһ, ǲ˵ǸʲôܽˣҪҸϽٸѪ
û˵ǰЩϢһֱƽüûʲô, ظоÿ, ȻǺ, ǰ죬Ѿϵ£ȷкܴתҪѪһŪˣʵ䷴ô죿ò⡣
ҿҹ
ĿȡѪ˺ۻڣҩ˵Ѫ˲һѪҺ̣˿Ҳرϣ£˿ڽ˱һ̣ãӦþתʦҪôԿ
۰Ͱ͵صţã˾ģУǾԡ
Ӵ·һԸоѪñ죬ϲһ̫ҽоһ˺ܶ࣡
ãĿһʯͷ˵أӦˣһ
ɸ˵ֱ֣˾ôһԣûкѪģҲֵһ˿š
ûû£׳סЦúϲ£죬ֻҪѣѪȫУ
˾ĽŲ죬ͷֵҹִܽʴ˵Ĳôأ
ȡѪǰ͸˳٣Ƿ纮Ȼô첻¶棬л䡲ⵣģʣæ˵кתˡ
ﰵ汣ӣԸǿˡ
Ʋ첻ˣϴ껻ϳܣгԲ裺ûû𡣡
Ʋֻͣסĸҹ˯ÿɺã
ͦãۿųγĲʵǲҪ
ԣѾӣϾȥ¡ƲĲɣֻڵĶҹսҲõˣĸ׷ģױǴȫʤ
ȴǵս£űµĻʳôˣ˳ȥةȥ
Ʋüʲôȴǻ
ô˵񶼸ˡԥţмû֪Ѳǻӣ
ͻȻ֪ƲһɿߵӸǰ⣬ˣ
֪ʵˣ̫ң۾ɵڲ𣺡ˡ
Ʋ׼ŽȥȻûϴȥãֻǸúõʲôʲôȥ򡣡
Ļش𣺡ûУ粻æ
Ʋܾãƺе㲻ʱЦûôһֲأ
¶ʱѾ߶ˮЦʰˣСүԽȥˡ
Ʋæӽȥ֪⿿ŴͷţɫеƤеףƲ￩һ£ˣ
ûС֪æ۾ڹȥҹ˯̫Ƥеס
ȷǿˣޣĬĬ˼ᣬֻһΣֱﶼģܵúܡ
֪ô£ܾǾҪˣͺʵ˵һ֪Ӻú˵ŻǰʱʱģῴҪ£æͷ
ƲԽԽòԣǰһôˣ⣿
ûʲô֪ⲻ˵û˯ãе㷸
Ʋײˣ˯һɣҲˣȽȥ¡
뿪֪۾ţ˼ҷ׷׵ģʼղƽӲʳԣ˵ʱҪ;Ե޹ʲңѾˣ㵱ʱ̫æˣѵô춼ôæ
۵ʱ˵˵¹Ѫˣʱʶ̫ѷֱ治Ȼܾúǳѵ֪⼱
Ҵҽôˣ
ߣ־ʲڣ֪ͷ죬ǲ
˵һѿ˵ûС
ûô֪˵ʧЩǻɶЩãѾˡ
ˣӣôôöŰ˵Цֳǰ֪ţûʲô°ɣ
ûУ˵һ죬²ãһ֪񣬿ôã˵Ⱦ˷纮һֱأҲ²ͺӣԲû
Ⱦ˷纮֪һ˵ͨˣôض´ȾͺӣԲŸûΪʲôĵǻ̻̲ĸоɢȥ֪Ŵû˵ο˼룬ˣ϶ˡ
ˣӦþ͹˰ɡǰǲͣŰ˵Цݣ֪˱ۡôˣ;ٲֻһΣôͲⲽأ
鷿УƲ׿첽߽л䡵°ݣμ£
л˫Цļ򣬡ƲףȻ
սոյ֮սȫʤߵʮȫľ׳ԽƲɱ࣬սԣȫȻؽָӣסȫ֣ȫǧһʮûɱ䣬ʹĴңһͿء
лЦ棺أܹ갲ˡƲףһ˵ɣô㣿
ƲֻҪһʹͣǾǹˡô֮תһ룬븸ĸšЦи뷨Ҹ顣
У޵㡣л䡴ʱãʲôϴӦֻҪ޸ժ޶Ӧ㣡
ժôҲȷҹҹƲЦ£лʵˣôˣ⼸ûȥң
𣿹ֲûۡƲ׵ջ
ˣӲôùӲòᡣл˼ţҽûʲôҪ£Ҫô޹ȥ
˭ҪƲ׳ûȲҪӽˣôȾ
л֪ǲҡҡͷѽ
ָ⣺ˣ͵£¶ٹȥ
ة
塣ƺʲôǰٻҪŨȥȥĵطȻţܾ׷ҪҪߡ
˭ء벻ֻüϤУģģĻһϣģȥһ飬յ÷ۡ
˭ءôҪˣΪʲô벻
ԽԽŨкڰķǰ棬֪ǽյ㡣ͣסӣͷֻزȥͻȻſһ㲻ߣ
ЩʧļͻȻӿͷʪ۾
ڻߡ


101 
ԽԽŨ, ԽԽһͨ쳹صǽסȥ·, ˺š
, ȥҪȥ
ֽʹ, , ݣһõĶȥ˺ȥΣ˺һӣֲ̾, ƣ, ҧϷ
Ҫȥ, ڵ, Ҫȥ
Ũ, , ֻһˣƴ, ôҲ֪˶ãͻȻģƳţ˶ˣ˶ˣ
ܽ·Ũ󣬳ǿ, ܹȥŨڵϡ, ͸, ӰڻΣ˵Խˣֶһ£
˺һ۾
ĿͻȻսǰһƬѪ죬ƵıۡЦнҵĽŲػ߶ţŵѪŵŨŨҩζ﷢ſ෢𤣬Щļһ
Ѳˣȡ˺ܶѪѪȡ˺ܶѪٺݽޱ޼ʵŨڲų
۾ԾɾùôĿ㣬̱ûһ˿ƫͷ򵥵ĶǺܿ죬˷´峿⵲ͷ
Цƣһһģˣˣ
ˣˣǰһЦ˲ŵ󣬡ʮˣˣ
챣ӣĨᣬ챣Ӱ
ʮˡȻʮ졣˵ȴȴֶ̧ڣǸˡ
˱𼱣һһҷ͵˯̫ãͷԾûһС
˺ȵ㡣յǰһ΢Ƶˮ
Ŭ˼ڡɽѩ֮࣬΢΢ɬдظʣȥӺθһůģƺһָ
ɻ̫ˣ˵Ҳã굽˼㡣ôˣûգʮˣ˭ܸô
˷ģģ³˼æƽЩļ󿴣ڵĶӦҲѾˡ
ܺãƽˡʻغ۾˿Լʪۡ
˵λСӡ
ˣкˣкˡ
ۣɴ˿ݶȵҺ嵹ȥ
ûҪĶȻкˡ
˻ָúܺãǰЩѾ´߶ˣСܳ˯ȳʱһ࣬ʵúܡ
Ծֹס
кˣεºܣȻӵӡεºܣȻ֪ôõĶۿõĶ
εºܣεºܡ
ţҲǣۡ
ǰԼͬתһӲǰ¶ģȻǲǿ
һ˻⣺˴ˣݴ˸ʤ̣ȫˣʮǴ˾⣬ʹ죡ǰӽѾˣ˵Ҳڻ·ϣϻܵ˻ûҪӡҲҪ˵⼸Ҫˡ
ҵ˼ǿصϣлɻؾõģ֣⵽ûסѵûô£ֻйڣ
ɽӿ˵Ӻһ켸˴ʴ˵ĲСĶ֪ôشˣôˡ
ʣڵô¶ϲֵ꺢ӽ궾ӱضôΪģ
Ǻʵģ˻֪¡͵
һвࡣ˿ìܣԸһŲ֪סˣȴҲѹ
ֵҲʣܹģ¹ٲֻó˵˷״ˣܼܹ˵˿տܻ̽
δ䣬袷ܽ˻ˣˣ
ſϲˣѽ˺ˣ˲ˣ
ְ˽ŷѣлѾ˽⣬ôˣ
Ŭãܷá
̶ֺľȫڴͷڴֻûǰӦ£˵жȵȣʱȻȵ컹ѣģξܹġ
л䡾ȼˣʮ첻Ȼˣԭ£ʱȫֻο㰲ɣ˳죬㲻õġ
ۼ˵ѣлҲöͣ˵˼ݻعԽԽ֣ϱǷ纮ôģǰûˣ
Ʋ׵Щʱл䡿е֪£æϻȥ߽֪⣺ȵ˷纮ӣģȥ˵˼仰ûʲô¡
ۼҡֲͣסϲ౯Ʋ˵ʲôζı⣬Ǿҹģ̷˼ԲŰŴ˭ܸ뾩֮ǰ̶ôͱأ
һȴǺˣ֪æţԣˣˣˡ
ʮ¡ҹҹΣÿÿǳ֪ܣԽԽòãȷеϢʱһء
һӱ´Ⱦͺӣ¶ҲУȻѾл䡣ӦþͿˡ
ӻڿޣ֪ȴˣҪʱƲ׽˹
⿪ӵС·¾򲼣µģÿ춼úܣǰ󲻹һգ۵Ĺ˿źӣ֪̾磬˵ԺŪ
ɱеĽΧźι̻򲼵æ֪ܾⲻȥ
Ūˣ¡Ʋ׸Ӱ´ڻźţ⣬һ̴꣬һ߲ս£Ժھúչͺӡ
ضΪӵԵʣŶԳ̬Ȱɣǲºûиףûչأ£ȻͲٵǸˡ
ҲãҪˣ֪⿴סӣĸߴ󣬳ĵúԽСˣǶڵĻ᲻᲻̫׵
Ʋ׳û˵ǳǾȹʱµģ˵ȻأһֱҰأûʱҽΣּ䣬Իָò̫ãл緢˻ھжһӣֻйڣһսʱˣ첲żа岻㳤;棬Ʊسǡ
ʵǲ˵˼ԪˣӦҲû¡Ʋ˼ţӦô
ҪôȰˣ֪
ãȸ׻Ʋ¶Цݡʱû¸߽죬ȸ׻ȥ˵ȸ׻
ʱ˵һУܹߣػ
ʱлɷگؾд˽ӵʬ壬ʢռеʮӭɱǡ
ʱ췵лٹٳȥӭδ֮ƺظ
֪ﲻܳţڼϢݵĹԽԽɵÿ쵽˼㡣᲻һ


102 
֪ŵصš
ڴǰͣס, լһξ룬ʲôҲл˴ͣ岻, ӭݵ, ʱڴǰŽ, ų, ĵĽ޲ȥ
ϴμ׻ȥʱ򣬳ʱ˸һʱʱ˵˼仰ڸǰТʱٵÿ, λ, ζҪ㸸ס
˵ֻǷ纮, , ûۼ֮ǰ֪⻹е¡ҹ̫Ź, ܾڤڤƺʲô, йص¡
Ҫۿû£С
˽, źүģˣСȥǰ̽ϢЦܻүɫͦãݹ, ϵ˿, СҲ, Žɫ
֪һ׵ںתٽһʱӦþûˡСֵүҲˣղŸóԲȥˡ
彪ƽʱô߶Ϊ˺ϲ֪ͷʳʲڣԥʱ翴ˣæСƵ˸ɫСƷӦáүû
ûѽ֪ûתͷ⡣
ԺΧǽܸߣסߣҲסԺĶ˵ǰٹӭûȱ࣬ǳɲúأ޷ǰ
˽ģۺʹӲϸ٣ȴһʮ첻¶棬ĲԱ֪صöࡣ
ʲô
ֲָ֪̿ĬĬŴ⣬ǰȥźģΨŷ򣬷ɿԺž𣬳һֻŻ棬ѾԸޣȫȥ
һæѾͷȫ˳ȥҲˣ跴ֲ˨Ž֪⵽£˶񣺡ǰͷ˵£Ҹ߹ﲻҪŲҪ£һкүͷˡ
֪Ӳ֣أʲô£ѵǳʲô£
Сү¡
֪⡣û뵽ȻǽƲףææ׷ʣôˣ
ҧиʷСүү֪ү֣ȻʲôԼ˲˵רűڵʱȥ淢ģ
֪ԽԽɻ󣺡˵ʲôˣʲôϵ
Сүԥţү֪Ĳˡ
֪סˡʲô˼
С
ʷ᰺Ȼվţ˵ϣƲ״˴ɱ䱩˷ָҴӺһʺξɽƲһգȫɱˣЩͶԭΪãȫԩ꣬ɱ콫ӣϳͽƲףЧȣ
лɫû˵½ƲҲĬڽ쿭ʱ淢ѣл䡲ּ
Ҳû˵ɴźЦţƺ⡣˼ˣ㶼panpanžΨƲһЦҲ˵ˣҲǵĽȲֺܽɱһ˵
㣡ᱻסˣԽǱҪģ
ô󣬿һΪãƲģ罵ַģж٣
ʵҪ磬ƵˣֻҪҵһᷴЩӺѾԹο£ǲ㲻ԣ֪ǲҪ
ǣƲЦһξֵʷ˵ôҪô´ȥԣ
ϴεͷǣѧѱǵ˳⡣ƲбģǧͻϮûûûɱеģ֪¾ܽʷھдϼ꣬˵
ԣȺƼ帽͵ɱǣǴֲ֪ҪҶֵͬܣ
ỹٱ磬л䡿һۣƲޣ˵
һ̬˶֪Ʋ£ྲʱͣлڽԣЦ˵˼ҳһ꣬ɣʵ
Ҫ˵ȺͻȻ߳ɣͨһлǰ˵£Ҫ࣡
ָ֣ŽƲףƲײǳֵĶӣҺ޹ϵ
һԼȳԾл䡾ȥƲףһԲּͷûзлʱ˴룬˵ĿģƲײǽӡ
뿴ɴӻͳһڣǵĻ¼֪˵ĿڹѺ̨ʱûƲ׵ǳֵðӣԶ̨Զڱ߽Գڲŵ֪ô£ʹƲռŽҳͷҵѪͳʵԽڣϼӲ鴦һ
л䡳ţ죺ʲôҪ˵ģʲôԣ޻
뵽Ʋ׼Ҫһ䣬ĪǾǴ£
⻰ƫ̻׺֮ʮԣȻף򵹣ˡƲ׵ȷǳӡ
Ʋ׷˫˫򵹣лصŽȵƲ׵Ʊǳ과פ̨⣬˭֪ұɱ޵ʱУƱΪޣ˫˫ʱƲ׻δ꣬мΣƲס
Ŀ̲סᣬŵʱұҪסҪЮүƱս⣬ɳ檵ģ׷
Ʋ׵ͷһԲһգ۶ʮˣʱ졣ʱŶڵؽΧһƬʲôҲֻǵ䶼ǺɱͿ޽úȣұҲ˾ͷ˻Ũ©Ǻ˺·պˮסڱǣٺ˹ȥ֪ﶼûˡ
̫Сܼס鲻࣬ģǲˣһĺɱǺ˵ζô꣬ǵӴ˺͸ˡ
һƬžãл˵Ʊ򸾻ɾ̾
Ʋɵͷʵ۲ֻǸĶӣʵһ򶼺ֻܿʱɽֻûô򵥾ͽ
Ȼɽſ˿ڣƱȻɾֲ£ЩֵܡƲײռ˽ҳͷռƽӵͷǳ࣬Ʋ׾Ҫм̾λѪͳܻ͢ټˣ۾ϼӳʹ
Ʋ̧ͷĿѸٻСվڱϣԾԾԣһƶȻб˰˸ӴţͻȻһѣ˭ָʹ𣿿ɳԸȴûҪԸ죬˭
ЩӲӣҲƲ׳м̾λްܻٵĿܣ췴ƲĹҵҲһһǹµģӲͷƲʵǲУ
ͷƲ״ӾǴӱ𣬽Ӳ˽չˣ³֤
㽪Ʋײᣬ˭֪ƽĶӣ˭ܲչĹҵôףɽе˵ϮտƾûĶӣ˭˵Ĳ⣿򲻿ɱɱˣ
˵Щѵǿտƾ֪ͻȻ𣬽Ʋ͵ػͷų裬˽ʲôƾʵݣܹ֤Ҹ׻㣿
ȫɫ·طͷмӣӦðľȴҪۣòЩĶֱ硣Ʋҷ̣ȥȰȥȻʱݲֻͬӲѹĬĬס
ֶŮһڱǰЩǰ˵ķݣЩȥ
Ǳ׷Ҽҵ£Ҹ£β˵Ƕ彫ֵǰ֪ʲô˼֪л䡸񣬡£ҸֶԳ͢Ĺտɱ
ɣл䡷Ը
̫ǰ齣֪ҪͻȻһϤ¡

֪һˣȻʱˡ
ǰмĽŲƬ̺󣬳ţ˽
֪ʶס˺ڵӡ
ĵһۣҲ
֪ͷƬ̻㱣ǰҹƣ԰׵ɫ֧ΣůɾеЦһ¡
ʱ·ͻȻֹ֪ͣվţֱأ˵ͷʲôû˵Ȼ֪֪Ҫĵ˼гˣӦþûˡ
֪¡
תлһ񣺡£ƲδϮδӣǽҼ£ǹ£ӦŰٹ٣ڱǰۣΪɽɡ
л䡺ܿ˼Ȳ漰λϮǾֻǽ˽ӣȫһˡͷȷǼ£ƴʱһ𸴡
֪һȶǼ£Ǿûʲô۾֮˽ܰס
£²Ǽ£ǹ£ȴͻȻеƲײǴӺˣ
֪⾪ﵽ˼㣬ƳƲ𾪵ɫĬĬԡ


103 
Ʊˣ
еƼҰӶӿ֤, Ʊһ
Ϊ˧˽Ʋ֣, һһ, ƣĿ
һʱѻȸӺһָĺ, ոմĹ, Ȼˣ˵ĿˢˢؿƲףƲŭ˼㣺ƨڴӺڴӺôˣ
Դֱ죬ŭҪܣ۾ȴڵһʱ, ֪⡣
ôˣɱɱĸĳ, Сͺ͸, ôˣЩ˴Ļڮ, ŵģ϶ţ
Ʋ׵ɴ۾, гֽ֪Դã, 촽΢ţؿ, Ʋĵķŭʱϧһգۼ䣬粻Ǹ磬񻹱еȻһֱܹҿվ, 뾪
ֿ, ңң, ⡣
ϵãᣬ촽˶ûзȻĿͣڻ硣
ʱʧӰ٣Ʋ¶ɳ´Цݡ
ȴʱνƱ磬ҲӲֵݣ£Ʋ۾ϣﵱ˽ãƲ׵ÿҴӺܣν졢Ʋ֮ͨ
Ʋ͵תһ
ᣬӥһ۾͸׺ݺʲôҸ˧ΪɱеʱҸ˧ˣѩصʱҸ˧˽սϰٴΣնʮûĵðȣ֣ܰ£ĸ˵Ҹ˧ͨУ
ϣصУĬĬͷɫȻƲף֮
᣺ʷ˵˵ȥ֤ݣ
Ҫ֤ݣ͸֤ݡһתл䡣봫֤֤
л䡳ţã
¹ͨһһ֪ŵصȴš
ĻЩ˾˴֤֤һ뷢ѣǲôӴãʱҲףǳﻮѾãһٰ⵹׺͸硣
أ⵹˸磬ľλ˵䵽ͷϣأѵֻΪ˹£֪ûô򵥣ĿⲻЩֶΣĵ۸Ӵû˭ø壬ҲǵĿ˰ɣ
ԱߣɿӭĿ߹
һ´߶زʱ廹ÿһҪŬܵʹ࣬ŴĬĬأһŲǰ
͵ֻ£һҡ
֪ᵽ˵Ѫʶش·ʵͷЩ¶ĵطû˺ۣ֪ǿĵطˣĴβʵˣ
ûУæҺܺá
˼ʱа룬˿˿ƷζôˣһαʾĹУȻʱҪܼĿʹȻʺ򣬱ǧ򱶣ҲԸֿЩ⣬Щ𣿡
ѪȵζŨˣ֪ۣ¿´ţ¶һǣѪǴ©ģϸͷһŲ죬¹һʮ߽ͨһǰӸʵүͷ
ˡ֪ٹ˲ȫעϡ
ƲҲڴӣͷףƣŴѰϸ˲٣˵Ҳǵص¿ģǼװˣ˶ʮ꣬Ӳκ˵κιϵΪʲôҪܸ
Ὺ˿ڣӣ֪Ʊʵ˵
УӲĹأֻͷֱسл˵ʵүǸƱѽ˵֣
ƱﵱߣܻʱѾƱӶˣһˣְԶ޵⣬Ʊùصõʿˣ԰ټҷģӵ껹ʳ֣Ʊûûյģõʿ˵̨ƣ˵ԽƱʲô֪
лദûף̫ѯʣɽƲȫˣһƬ䡣
ǵãʱϵõĵһƣڶǱһ̨ƣǱı׵䰴ϰǸõܻģŷӦΪжŹ֣壬ôܽͨˡ
ǵʿǹصϡӡ󣬷·СʱȥǵǰʯʨӣǺںĴͷһص񣬶ء
ѵˣƲֽŷ䣬ֿ˽֪һۡ
Ҳϲû־ıģһ˫۾ǰ񾲵Ĺâͷοģ
ΣġƲĬĬת
£쿪˵Ʊǹ¶ױصõʿ㳼ڵƱΪʱѲ̨طмδأӦֻԡ
֤ԣ̷
ӣб֤ˣȴݣ˵Ʊĸ°٣Ʊ³ں£̨طм¼˵Ʊĸôĸ˭סδЩ֤˵Ʊĸõʿôõʿںδβ֤
ƱҲţǶżׯżҵˣ磬ȫˣ޵üأ˭֪ĶȥˣӲ
һۣû˵ԼӿڵƱĸ°֮Լʮǰ֮࣬սƵԣطϼ¼ȱʧõʿѾҵ䣬һΣڼ¹ҵվҵ̨ӻ֪ƱȥӣվͿɸϵ֤
ɫƽҲ˵Ȳйٸ¼Ҳб֤ˣݵģֻһ˵Ŀڹ֤ȡһ㣬ΪʷҸ
֤Ҳ֤ϷӵĻ֤Ʋ׾֣
Խ˵Խߣı죡ƲԼ˵ô󣬴ӲһΪã֤֤ڣԼˣðǱô꣬ضĻ죬ν졢Ʋ֮ͨ
һӵĻοţƼ˶ʱҲ̲ס˧ͽŸոմ磬ɱսĿãѵҪƾһӼ仰ҪԻٳǣЩʿģ
佫͵սպգ޵ľôˣ
Բӣһ֪ǹˣڸԼݣͼı󣿡
ôõȨôɱ£ҴӺ߾Ȼøأǻ֮
ҷ׷׵֪ĬĬš
ϤƲףŵķӦ֪ν֪飬Ҿ˵棬ҲţΣӺ¡
л䡻ξأ֪ò׼ʱĬĬǰ˼ĿϸϸἸһԲ֪֪Ѿ⣬ʲô
£лǷǷͻȻ³òִ٣֮ҲδطҪϡ
л䡵ͷ˵ǡ
гﻮõĽǶʮֵ꣬Ӻװ׸𰸣Ұ±ضܷл˼ţ֮õδã
ͽʱְͣڼңϱ˰лɵ
ɣ̷ԣƲ֣Ѻ
ԣһʷµƲھоӪôã˭ܷģѺƲף൳
л䡳ã֮࣬أ
֪һᵽɤۣͷ񣺡ش󣬲޳ѺƲף൳
֪һƽĮδʱУʱ󡣡


104 
Ʋηĵ, ϸϸŽ췢һС
ΪǾλȴû֣ƽһ, ʱʲôλĶӳм̣˵ϼ嶼Ҫһ
ǻеĻ, ʮصüãôᱻ̽ôΨһ, Ե, ǳսͽηģҲǳԳΪˣϴεҲǣͷ
ƲĿⰵ˰ҪԸʲôǣףĺĶ
һ, ſ, Ʋ̧ͷ, ˽
, ֱͦļʱţƱѩѹ, Ʋ俴, ²㲳, ǵòǾﹴĶǣ۵ģ
ߵ£ۼϢеء
ƲվڵأӸ¿ֻ, ò̬, ʲô
û, ͷЪһϢƽЩŵ²
л䡴˿̻ЩԹٲ޷л䡾֮Ҳܵη̽һ֮ˡҳ˵ɡ㣬ҲνǲѶΪ֮
ƲһҲл䡲Щܻʱ꣬ôΪΪġƲ׵ͷ˵ϣֲǳôıʲôˣ
ºҶãһͼı󡣡˵úܵͣĸо½һ¡
ƲЩ첽ߵǰ̧ͷٽЩ
Ʋšü鲻Ըؿһڶ˵˼仰
ƲھУһ˿Ȼ෽ŻŵͻȻ֮࣬ϸʣ뿪ˣֻ֪֪֪һشѴΡ
Ʋѿ˵ô죿
ɽ֪ô죿Ϣһȥضҹģӻûָãһ̫ˣô죿
Ĭţãһᾡ
ûסɣ˽飬ܶʱ򲢲ȫͳϻӣǱͺ佫ӡţպá
ľϻӡƾʥּƽﲢΣʱǧЩòסһ˴ϣͷϿʼðĻŵ죬ίʵЩ۹ˡ
ӵϢȥѾȥʱδʵЩ֧ţվ˴뿪
شƲ׵ʣҵ鵽𣿡
òͣסӣͷʱƲ׽էһǳ࣬ϸʵǿ־壺Ҹףˣ
£ԼˡɳΣԼѡġĬţãǲǣºͽ㣬ʿ㣬㹻
ŵ޵ľ֧ţǰһڣȵһڵϣҡˤ档
Ʋһһǰסڴ䣬¶ϼ˿ڣƲ֮ˣһ۾Ϳˡ̲ס׷ʣô£
ˣ˽סۼ΢ɫ԰ףæذ׻˹ȥ
Ʋ׾ţ˿ûѪһѪɫ۾
ͷ̻Ʋ׼׷ʣô£
̫ƣۣѾûȥжµĶѲʱȡͷѪⶾ
Ʋסˡ
֪ЩѪ֪˵Ѳ˺ܶ¹Ѫ֧Źԭ¹ѪǳͷѪ
жҲ֪˲ŷһظϻû£Ϊ֧ĹƣΪжԭǳ
ԭ³֣ԭһôһ¡
ƲվţŵȵѪƺܶͷʲôҲûץסۿͣסɴ˿ڣ˳ȥ
վסƲ׽һͣסӣ΢Ƥ޷εƣعͷ
һսǰҹң˵жҪЮ̻Ʋ׿˵ǽָʹµĶ
ԭôһˣƲȱʧһͲˡͷǰյͬĻʹҲǽӡ
Ʋз׷ңһʱͷ߳ȥ֨ѽһ죬ηסֹãŴ򿪣
Ʋ͵ػع
ˡ
һȥδûлˡ
ƽ֪ʳУǰԺ鷿ȥ
л䡵ĽԺӣǽҲ׽ӽ
֪߽Ժţûߵ鷿ǰŴͷţһʿӹʳУˣҽǿˡ
֪ⲻߣûúø˵˵ڣ涼ǴҴææŽյţ֪⻽һ
ڣܿƿһ죬¶Цº͵û£һжãǲҪġ
ʿмţ໰˵֪ţô
ҪůͣܺˡĿԽˣﻹչˡ
֪˼ֻڶ̶̼ġ
ڣһ򶼺ܷġ΢΢һЦϧС
֪æȥ
ȥסˣţů͵ʱ˵ɣżһҪڼҴһӡ
û£ڼҶһӣǸö໶ϲ֪ʣǻȥɣعġ
ߣֻվڴǰŸףֱڻүͷˡ
֪⼱תվԺ⣬ǵķ
ˣ࣬βף֪⼱ôˣ
˶٣˵ɡ
֪Ҳ֪ﲻ˵ĵط첽Ժȥں档
ûиȥЩɻ͵˺ܶ£Ȼͷʱٸ˵
֪߳ȥƺûжæͷʱڼ֮⣬ߵúһСһСŲȥÿһƶҪѼ֪ǱŽģԥһۻȥҽɡ
áᵽӤ͵㣬ĺЩ߾ͺá
ñ˼нƻѵõĶ᣺û¡
ڱ䰵֮ڵûô죬յ޷͵޽Ǵź˵ʱ·˵Ǽɵ¡֪ԥţվǷס˵ĸ첲ĬĬǰȥ
ָһɲǣԼˣ
ô죬ô˽ģźŽţÿë׶ҪԽˣòɤô˻ƣ⡣
֪ͷû಻ͷʯ·µ°΢΢ζż䵽ȹǣһֲܿ䵽һ
ߵԺӡΪŽؼңѾҲŰˣձʱůһ
֪ɿֱס֣߬⣬ҿɲԿӣ
л˵


105 
ǽڷĴס, ͻȻӿͷ֪⼱ӭϳڵ
ϢŲ, ҿɲԿӣ
֪ת, ˵ͷ
֪뵽ֺǷ޵ʱ, ȻĮ, ůģЩҹǲԾůҲůģӲ񷽲ô
ú, ʲô֪﷢Ž, ԼҲ˵, ֻӹ, ʵҪ𣿡
ҿ𣿡޴ĻϲӿԼĶ䡣
ֻܿ, , ǰЩΣͷ, ؿŽ֪⻳ĺӡ
Ŵ٣ϸ޵С·ϳˣ֮ǰ͹ġȻĶ
Խѣˣ̽, ָ, , ǰδеҸš
ҲѾǰôˣҲԭɡȲסеĺҲЩģȻϵó۾Բͫʣɫͣģ
üëģڵͷͷֺܣҲ˰ɣô飬˵۶ڱ巢ںССϡ
뱧ֲұûӣǲôã֣ԥţѰȦ£첲ϽŴӽ֪ӹӡ
ССһڱ޴롣
Ϊʲôû˸ôɰôô˱Ǽⷢ۾ȡ
Ƕ˳ȥֻʣͽ֪⣬ǵĺӣţ⡣
£Ĥ𣬿Ӵ˾ӵ뻳лΪưܵһôã૵ػ֣⣬⡣
һĵͳŹ̵⣬֪еȣԭ⣬ԱߵҲó
⣬Ҫȥģҡ
֪㿪ˣ߳⣺ΪʲôҪҰ͸磿
Ƕ㿪ˣϽ׽ɤӶţΣбְֻͣڼң³⡣
죬л䡵أɱݡڽƲףĹؼͷźð£˺ı
֪ģģһ㣺˭
ѹúܵ͡
֪һǰҲԶлɣΪǲ׺͸鷳׶֣㵲⡣лɣӴ٣лº͵ԶķȸµӡܺãǴ£лæҲײýȱΣ
ôﾹҪԸôͼʲô֪벻ͨҪʣѾ˻⣺˵úܼѣЩ𣿡
ʵ˵һۣѪȡѪͬ⸮Уͬһͷźӣ˵֪࣬ȡѪ¡еΪִιҲͲ¶Ļᣬֻǻˣ˱ʲô
˵˲ûǸȻǴ֪˶٣䵭ȥͺˡ
Ȼ֪ǲţȴЩ˵ʧOO@@·춯չ˵Ҫ㣬ûԲ𡣡
֪˿㣬̾˿㲡úذɣΪʲô
纮ѣ̽׷Ͼͺˣ㲻صġ
ǵ𣿽֪һʱҲǰɣȻΪʲôЩţﰵ͵͵ϢȻҲֹڴˡӣ˰ɣˣȥҡ˯Űɡ
ˣ첲Ȼôòᵲס֣ұһС𣿡
ഥͻأϤĸо֪⼱֣ʵ⣬ȡ𣿡
ûС֪Щ죬һ
ĳ᲻Ҫ֣ԲûиȡȡֻǱĽšҪȡԼǲԸģȻûӣû˵ҪҪȡ֮ǰĪͣ¡
˿ǹŹѽȲԸȴֲ˼顣
ûȡءǰĺӣ˫䱦ϡſúܵͣؿŻĺӣ֣һ
֪ȫҪΪȡǰǺ벻ãĬĬվ⣬˵⣬ģһ˵ġ
ֶȫȨʳԣģҪȫȫ
ůȵĸоӿѹǰĵԹ֪⿴ͷһ£ǼӵգĴϣӵĶͷ
ǵĺӡ
һۣͬģ˵ϲɬһһӿͷƤ飬忪ʼͷźӽ۵ӣòһ⡣
ʵĵԣ֪ǲԸʱļȻ̲סȥӳģȴǺӵЦݡ
ƽһŵЦȫģӲЦݡ۽ţǷ۷۵ĺ죬ױȵͼ֪ⰡһЦˣ
Ҳˣûо飬ʶЦͷһأֻǾú૵ظĻЦˡ
֪⻶ϲţյüȥͷ㲻֪ģͷһôЦ
ģţҲǿ˸ףҲ֪ǸףЦˣȻôͣ˴ɡ
ǵһôЦ𣿳ס˺һҲҶؿŻӤЦĴ۾תתȥˣǵӰӳͫúܽͷҪһͬϲЦ촽ͬĻȡ
鷭ӿţ޷ɤʣ⡣
š͵Ӧһ
ţģģ㿪Ҹһչòã
󣬷ɿǰ֪ԥţû˵
⣬ġǷɿشͷ֪ô˺ͺӣԭǲεģµõΣ޷ܲ׽׽ӵʹࡣ
һֱ٣һְֻסλãΪµ˿ڣģһһ죬ػһ죬Υԣ
ӻȥһ㣬Լ¶һ죬֪⻹壬ææ̧Сۣסˡ֪ͻȻе£֪ǿɵɫŵĻ㲻ġ
Щļֲ֮仹Ľᣬֹ븸׽ĻҲš
ֻȥסӣòܿڣá
֪⿴еˮ⣬ܲϰߣֻܵͷȥӣƵлл㡣
лл㲻лл㣬ϸ׽ӣֲǰ
֪Ĭšǰƺ˵֮䣬л
⣬ţסģٸһλᣬòã
л˵
ѵĹ19Сȫ࣬CŮǣ֮Ϊ3СǹУһŶôô~
ı䡷ʱۣ
˳꣬ԣ½ϡ
ڽǶȻһزüƯµꡣ
ʮԣ
ˮȣʶֶ飬Ƹʦָ㣬ϰգ
ϸ壬΢ĸصĴڡ
....Ĵڡ
ƫƫ޷Ƶ˼
ߵҹЩ˵ϲܿ
ΪֻҪɢͻƫͷ
˭֪ԣͻ顣
ôܹЦỰֲ齫£̫ƽϳˣһжԲ
˵˵ˣҲܼ޸Լϲˡ
ϵЦıһƬƬ˺飬۵ľȻȴ˿ûз
*
Ըޣ벮ɻ鵱ҹȴ޹ʧ٣䲻
ǽԺİ
۵ˣϤİǸڸǰĹꡣ
һϮɫ£ָϸϸĦԣࡣ
ɫͬĿĵɺ죬ɫδķ
Ϊʲôң

Ѿװ㹻ԣϲˣѾ
ֻҪڰߣʲôλöԡ
p
Ůc
ǿȡᣨ֮xֻһ˵Ľ/ʵ׳
ܡ
ͺֻǰȶûй֪


106 
Ĭ, ܵţ룬̰İ
㿪, ˺, һչ˺ӣԭ, ʱ, ȴֻҪࡣ
ӵЩÿͷĺҹһ˰̫ˣϢϸ˵, Щҵҹ, 塣
̫, , ⣬, һúô, úôӣòã
ֻůֳ, һգ֪߿Ŵ񣬳׷ȥź߲, ʵ⣿
֪ת, Ŀϣͺܺá
ðˡǺֽ֪, ۹ˣۼҲοġԶòӦĸԶڵȶԶûаյĸоٳԡ
οϻͷֻΪǣǰ⡣
ͺܺãǿһӣǲٻǱȷԶܣ֮ദͺܺá
ţĻ¶ȣʧˮһӿܾ
һıģʱȴ²͸˼֪ô½
ĺӶ˶عͷһǣȴһʱæң֪ǲԼŪ˺ӣ֪͵
ﱧ˺ӣվӷϣ⿪٣ӵĿӡ
еЦݴ¶̧ӵȣ򲼣ˡ
򲼶齱ߵȡëɾӵСƨɣֵ򲼣һգ۹ʰøɸɾ۾Щȣ֪Ǹĸףøףڻ٣ܾҲüӱŬ
ٻûãŲʿ첽߽ɡ
ŲٵĴȽǶ۹ãϵϴӣ˸ʮֽᡣ
֪ˣϴ˵Щʳסе´СԼ֣Ȼ˵·ͬͨģһЩ¶˵ѡ
ʲôûġ
ýӣ֪ȥǰϴ֣æӷŻҡȥ趹
̽ԣˮеˣæùů˵㣬䲻ȸոպãˡ
֪ϴѣֱסˣ࿪趹ϸϸϴָ֬䣬֡
֪뵽Ҳڶϴ֣ԲżǵôɡĬϴãùëɣ¿ţҲ֬
֪ȥױǰ֬ҪŲ˵Լ
ĻƳɵ֪֬ţʣˮҲϴˣʶأ֬˹ȥҲ㡣
˹΢Ƶ͸мǳǳӡۣղָȡʱµģҲǵӡһϣϣеůһ㡣
ֵ㣬ǰİҹÿÿȾŵϤ㡣
£ͻȻʶÿҹ̹˼޷˯ƺߵ
ȥһҶ壬֪ҡ庢˯ûаôҾ϶Ҳˡ
ú˵ƲʱҲǾȺ£Ӧò֪飬ǽƽƲ׵ԼҶӹϮȴû뵽ᾹҪ⵹ʲôλʲôм̶
ؿһһЦ̧ۿʱ۲ÿһ۾ģԭߵ
֪⻹˵Ҷ岢ǸܸɵˣҸҶôͻȻ֪ˣҾӦڱߥޣҲᡣ
ˣЩ־ȥʲôۼԭֱڣ֪ǰǰģꡣ
֪ûõӦеɻ󣺡˵أ
¡
˵ʲôֲ֪˵ʲôҵĺܣֻĬĬһҡҡ
֪ùŹ֣ȻһЩ׽͸ҡţӽ˯ˣڵĳëƵ˯ա
ã˿ڣ⡣
š֪Ӧһ
̧ۿֵۡԼҲ˵ΣΣҺģƺʲôϸȥ룬ʲôҲץס
źӵ˯գͣüƽչҲȥ塣ȥˣûӣҪ˷硣нʱҸػ
֪ûзԡɵıǳãЩ£һΪóǾˡоҸ鷳ӦЩԿࡣ
˶٣á
֪һ֣ԼҪҲͻṫƲ״εϢҲùһӦʱҪԶš
Ȼ¹شҲֻܿ¡
ҡﺢ˯ˣû˵ͷģոյķʯͷѹ
ǰ˲أ죬ǳĵطô
Ҳʱ򣬻شˡ
ʱˣȥɡߴ֪㻹ţЩȥЪŰɣ˳ҩ
ģôĳһ졣ؿģشˡ
λشأ
ڵڶԼ˽ɡ
ϲĨǣֱʵߥ׽ƲףӦʲôô
㶣˵˵治Тû˵жֱģ
ɫģûƣΪǾλ£ұ˵λδرסΪףضҲǣ
ʲôϵɼЩǶһҲմģܲҵùҲҪקǰɣ
Щ׽Ʋ֮ǰ͸Թˡ
Ǹ˵ңô֪Ʋˣּ˵컨׹⵹˽Ʋ׾ֻܴҼҹ̣˭֪Ʋˣ
һΪöϮѾĻˣ棬ϧעһ͵ʴסʵƲ׵˭鵽ģ
ҧҪõЩڹôĹ
ûǸ£һɫ֮ͽʮĶвʮޣ̨û鵽ܲ鵽ô鵽ģ
˭֪ûʡɿһۣЩģôߥŸƲ˴Щʲô
ʵ˵ƽ£Ҳ¡һҪΣ㲻Ҫ֪
ɵţΣһģʲô
Ҳֻжӿɹ̣ҲУʲôŵȷ϶ӣ
˵дע£ֻҪܰ⵹Ʋףһ˵Ҷӹ̵
˭
˼Σ˵һڣʶʲôƨϹ
Ĵɲ֪иˣ϶֪


107 
Ϊ齪Ʋͬ, ʢĻ̻̣պƽſȸۿӾҪ, ˼㡣
ʱ, üչ¾ƿôڣ֪˭
ǳ˼ȻͶ㿪ˣǰ˼ҲֻĴ˹ʺο, Ƽֽͷһǣ, Ƽ常ڱֵ飬Ȳ鰸ڼֲǰдɣʱھϯ, ֻһ˶벻
½֪Ѿ˶ʱ, ҪôͲھ˰ɣ͸û䶨, Ҳû˼Ūʲôϯ, ԼһԶԲ־ͺá
ôɣͷһظӰھ, ԽԽѹ, ϴʱ͸ðھƵģΪӲѾһ, Ҳڣ˵ȥ˼Ц
һۺӣһӿ棬֮һ˿ҲõģʲôҪ, ֪֪ȥ, ίȰ, ʲô£㿨첻ãҲУ²ô죬ҲҪˣȸûǷһǺã
˵Ķԣ踽Ȱ컹ţھƳϯҪӸǿֶ࣬ǾǷģСүȻ׳ʵҲעŲźãСүûٰһҲůͣ˶Ҳų
ǰԼأȺʱٰھơ֪
ûокͯѽѽĽŻƾӯЦ˽ԼҰھҲһҲ֪ҿһҪⱭ¾ƳԵġ
ʱӴ𣬻ƾӯǣŻЦ˽һ֪⣬ɿĸ׵ֱ˹!
˵֣˻ƾӯĿڳÿֶҧü׼г𣺡̱
֪ĶˣϥϣŤŤȥֻңܵأҪܵܡ
ӵܵ˯أԹԵģƾӯЦ£𳳵ܵˡ
Ȼ˵ˣԹԿڽ֪⻳ֻССè֪§סƾӯôˣ
ڲ飬ᡣƾӯ˵Щ˵£ǣӰбҾͲΪżԷܰѲƸôĹ
ƼǽƲ׾ټһΣֳڶѾְͣڼңͬһĻ߰˸ĽУְͣ㣬ķ˵Ѿҵ˹ؼ֤õʿЩϾͻᱻְƸÿ춼Ѷֱҹȥ카󵳡۾ϵķߡ
ЩнأϢͨƾӯҲ˵ͽգֻûµģӢضỹƸס
ǣӢ֪Ҫ˵Щ˽ֱųȥòãſˡ
ЦţҲ밢ء
Żˣƾӯ￴ۺӣ򿪴İ˼·мҡ
ϸɴССңһ㣬֪Щ⣬ƾӯ͵ȻůͣҲҪƽʱȥʱϣܷץҲ·粻ó档
ЩϸڴҲΨдӵ˲֪֪ȥЦӯڣá
ƾӯһЦˣ𡣡
źӰȵ˯գʵ
֪˵ͷÿ춼ʲô·򲼺˯Щ֪ܿӣҲܿ⼸æÿֻͣӲʹҴ뿪ǰӲû̫תȰرʱϢһ첻յع
׼˵ִֵôȰ
񣬵Ǹĵóסƾӯһۣ̽ţأ
֪֪ʲôЩҲʹΣҹ˾˯ʱҲʹԼ
𰸡ܸоİ⣬޷ȷİǲֻΪǰǰˡðˡͦá
ƾӯ룺ǣͦõģ㻹Щ
óС·һۺ÷źãˣ·ϻƼ¥ȥôƵģ
Σֵͬˮ𣬴Ӳ֪ҡͷӦòǰɡ
û׼ҿˡƾӯҲû⣬ûöͦãҲøǴ򽻵
¥С
ɢɢϣǳǳЦ̫߳ˣֳȻԼֵܣǲǲˣҪ£
ûƣƲ׵˭鵽ģ
ֳԽԽˣֱ䣬Ͳ±˲һЦֻǲ£ߣɴñ
ӦѾӡ֤˽ɵĻƲ׵ȷ߽ɵġΣ᣿
ЦֳΪŹ£ǾϹᣬ񶼰˻æͲ𣿡
ǰ̽ҹ˹ֳɢˣҲû˸ʬء
ס
Ƭ̵ĳɣлɡ
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˵ʲôʵ
κٺһЦ˵ô
ۿƽɫͻȻһ䣬п⣬Ѿܶ겻ŭˣһλȨأĿЩ۶ƹ˵ˣϱ˭ǸҰҪĸ˵ա
žһǶϣͷˣηʹ죬б۳Цֳˣ־ͦ󡣡
ô꣬ǵŭ˺ܶǰڽŵ£ŭģʹ졣
һ⣬ǻ㵱ü˫ۣЩʧʱۼ˵
Цô˵Ļֵܵ˿ɶúء
žһ˦ϣ˵һǻŴα޴ߥ漸뺦
θ֣ˣҲ֣øƽϣƾڰģôҴ㲻ɣ
ȷǣˡһԲ뿪
λЦֳˣ²ǸҰֻ᲻䵽
߳¥ٽƽ̧ȥʱƺŽ񣬳ͣסӣˣ
ˡһۣɫеѿ
áͷȥɡ
УƽȥۣѸǰѸɢʱΡ¥
ȥˣЩ˶ڽ£Ҳİˡ
ƽֱ·һ·ţתԺӵ¶ţµٷѿǳ⣬ҪˡڽͣƬ̣߲Цݡ
İˣĺӣ̨ףûѻ⡣
ůů֪Ӵ·кŵЦѣɡ
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ǰ֪ùñӴϣβھƣԼ˳ԶٷҲɡ
Լˡļһ΢ա


108 
·, ٹסСӡ
ѾԲźˣܻӲ, ô, ֻҪһɢܿ
СĽٵıں°͵Ҵãһ
֪ʱҲѹζ, ǲ˵Լ, е㷢ȣһ
׺ʣ᲻ôϣ£, ֪ʶס, , Щ, 簤ż磬, һͷ, һͷһ, δйܡ
ϢѸͷII޷ͷƤѩѩ׵ģСɵĶ͸ź, ºӳ׹, ʱ۶ֻһСָ, Ͱļӳԡ
úЩɬٵһ㣬ŵ˿õ㣬õͷͣ⡣
ΥůţɣңϤ֪ļһ漴裬˵ҰɣԼžС
ٱһòã֣Ƭ̵ѵã񼢿ʶʱڼ޵ˣ֣еæٴһ͵ˡ
õ͵ϵӵϢһ𣬹ǣάƽȴԽģһ
֪ԥšܵؾò׽ȻϾҪˣǨƬ̣ƺҲ֮С
δ֮ʱʵֿˣ
ûУ֪ͷ׺ӣҪôȸȡɣ
ȡǼ£Ǹų򣬲ҪһȻδҲ޴֪ǰŽһУ⺢ֲսҪװȡֻ֣˵żܵϣ˽²˵²⸸״ԼҲǹǵ㣬ԲӦ
ȡѾ˹أ󻹲֪жҪΪѡ֪е㷢̧ʱŻϲţŰȡ𣿡
ֻȡ֪ⲻ̾˿ôĽţҲ㡣
˵ҲǺӵĸףЩľԲӣȡҲõõġ
ֱסˣڵŹ⣬ૻ⡣
֪һûѣģƣлл㡣
֪ͷĴ۾һһǺʲôԽˣ⣬ýʲôã
ܽţõ۾ߣãҲϺһָͷǵĺӣӷɿתţһַһӲò˼˿ݽߣô죿벻
˴һϺӵ벻
֪еЦʶôãӲûаյģô𣿡
ѣͷʲô֣
֪ЦЦЩпʵúô
ƽϲ޲˼
ƽϲôС˵֣޲ƺ̫˵㣬֪Ҳ벻ʵģţ˵Ҫôͽɡ
һ죬ܽ
ںδԶǵĺӡ
֪ţЩ˼һ£ˣ㰢ȡģϲ
ԭƽƽһ仰ڳȴסˡ
һΣ˵Ǻӵİ
ϲѣţЩС̽ȴͻȻ˼ͣӵס֪⣺⡣
ȵĴĶࣺɣǺúõģ
˫£Ķʱ̺죬͵߳
ٶԥ֮䣬ѾźӼȥűߣ׷ϼֲ̫ɬ⡣
֪һţȵ̣˵ŭЩǺ߶Щ
Ҳȥߣ⣬ߡ״ε˵ţϲ̫ǿңǶЩ̫ѣ̫ϲ˵İ⣬̫ϲˡ
ЩӿĿϲþ޷ȴ૵ţ̫ϲˣ⣬Һûϲ
֪ãԼ·ܸܵĿϲǷˡת㲻ż𣿡
Ըϲ籡̽ţҲż
Ҳˣ⣬һߣˡ
뱧ֲòѹסһĳ嶯ŵصŽ֪Ļشűߣֻǲ˵
ǣĬɣʣһڣ͸⣬С߽ˣ
ôٿһһ꣬Ҳ
֪ˣתһƽǷˣһ˷ӷ쿴Ӱãĵҽϴҵ£㲻ǰǰˣҴˡ
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֪ĬĬţǻɬĸоֻǳĬţġ
໰ߣȻʱҲ֪β׼ȷ˵Լ˼૵أ⣬ɡ
ǰҴˣǰ㣬ҰŵŵģҲ㡣
ɣ⣬
̽Ҫӵȴ㿪ˡ
ԭأźӣˮ⣬ãʱˣˡ
⡣ȥ֣ٴζ㿪еƣ߰ɡԺ˵
ԺǶءȲã죬
ãͷ˵
س̵·ϳۣ뷽֣ҷ׷׵Ĳ֪ϲǱֱס˽ӣˣ֤˸ոյ־ѯʡ
׻ǣˡ
Щʱ򣬽Ʋһشչؼ֤õʿ䲻ҵ̨µ֤֤ʵƱȷϵϱ°ߺµġ
ּһӹзʢҹ֪ϲҳ
һн֪ⶼ֪˯£ȴôҲ˯ţǰ׷ңǽΣֺеӵ
֪⼱ס̵úܣޣҲӲˣеֹܾҹ˾Ϩ֮
˺öడ֪̾þò˵Ȼ죬Ҳ֪ö˵ʲô
ҪͷЩԶòӦ⣬Щƣ˼ͻȻʶĴˣ
һҹȥʱ˯һһֱţȻһȥû
֮գⲼõûŽأȻھƣҲһϲ
ƼһˣŻͻȻԺſڣ㡣
֪ϣѿʵûˣ
ҲǰɡƼ»üţ޹һᣬȥﶼУ˭Ҳܲҡ
֪£㣬ְˣ
ԡƼЦ£ͦãøϵ¡
ְˣǲζˣôأûǲΪ֪ͻͻţʵҸأ
Ƽԥһ»𣬻ƾӯ첽߽Цڼô죬ͷʲôȫ֪Ҳǰʡ
֪ŰɣƼЦ£ûзֱ硣
ƾӯǰסߣ׼ҵŸأ
ӺķףʱҪһϴ裬ҪƽЩӵﶼŽν֮裬֪Ц׼ˣůЩϴ
ͷʱҲˣЩ˵ţΨ״򲻶Ǹһƽ˿ԡһϻСӵġ
ǰƽ֪պˣ֣񣺡л㡣
̫ůʱϴĶѱã֪ٳٲԸʼڵȳ£ĸӦûҪָϴɡ
ˣ¼ʷˣҪߺү
˶һ֪æºܹȥǰԺΧˮйͨ˿ѺŽ˳
֪⼱ǰʿǶ֪ݣ֪  ס죺ʲô£
ЩҪȥѶºɫ㲻Ҫţչ˺ĸס
Źǿɬүģһҡ
֪ⶨת᣺ΪҪҸףʥּ
ȻƲ׵Ѳȷϵ֣˰Ҷ죬Ѻ⽪빬ʡ
ʲôʱģΪʲôһҲ֪أΪ֪࣬ģΪʲôһҲֱ֪죺Ҹô
Ʋ󵳣ѴΣն
֪סģֹסѣεĸо֪𣿡
൱Ȼ֪Ц£Ʋն࣬빬Ҳలš
Ȼǰʱ£ͷ
ָƤȴۣ֪վţۿѺŽҪߣͻȻܽС̫࣬Ŵܹ̫߽Цڿʱסˣô˵Ҫȥ
ΪƲ׵İӣʷ빬һˡܹܽôпչ
ЦۼǸ̫ģɽϰ죬̫˼ߵ÷ˣԷЪأǡ˵Сӽ£̫˼ﻶϲСණҪСӰ磬Сӹȥ˵˵ء
С̫Ǵʹͣһ⣬ԽȦʱ·Ь֮࣬Ӵһ̧֪ƴǲãæ񣺡ߵлֻ̫ͣûͣ׾޺СŮȥߵлɡ
˵˵Цۼʹ˺ȥ
֪ⰲţֻû˼㡣
һʹ磬һǱѺߵĸף̵ĸ磬¶һ֮䣬ƽҵ¶
һ˵Ű⣬һֽĸ˼·ǿЦȻ
ӲͿˡ
Ϣÿ죬ʱ㶼֪̫ԷΪ֪磬ȻҴʱڷ˼ϣ˭ҲҲȤͬˮһ㣬ʱԷš
ϵʱϯѾ룬ɿȥԽǽӽԽǻ̿֡
Թɣԭֱȴڹл£һ˽졣ȫ֪ˣıС˰ɣ
˿ҵԽԽľɽǰǰͣƬ̣߽ȥ
˽֪⣬̫ףблԱߣŻƼ塣
յɬѾüĿʵӣݵŮзע⣬û̫׼ܳ
һŽ֪ȥضûκηӦֻǳǳЦţ͵Ƽ˵
Уа壬ҲǴҲĽˣʱѾֱ治
ƺ׼ʣǻƼ塣ҲƼйʣҲƼ¶飬Ҳа̫׺֮˿̣ܾ֮ǰվܴɽңһͬߣࡣ
⼵ʣּ̫಻Խ˻һ㣬ưܵ嶼޴á
ӶЦȴϿһۣĿֻŻƼ塣
壬塣ôˡ
ʵĶӣһ˼ͣǰͷҵ̬⡣
ǲϿԼƵ⣬ɡ
ûƭ㣬һֱŬɣҲû㡣
ԭ˽ʱȫͣסΧžͬվţ΢΢һתĵģ

л˵
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109 
, ɡ

˫۾ˢˢضųŹ̫棬ʢŹ, ӻͷ, ԥؾܾ
аһص˶, ſλӺҫ۵׸Ҫճ, Σ۾ͳƻˣ⡣
֪˵ʲô޴ӱ, Ҳ޷, һﻮʱѾԤϵ, Ψһûϵ, ңʹ顣
ԭپܵԤ, Ҳ㲻˵ĸ顣
һжʼת, ƺԸ½ʱ򡣴ӶͻȻ䵽ĵζѰ
ôܵˣ̫ʻ, пͶǰͷѩãȥǱ߰ɡ
ǰμشɤµֻ˵
, ǿСƽ, ΪпҲ߰ɣ̫Ц, йģ˵иܵܣҴӲԽơ
٣Ȼڴ˼ͣôߣ뿪ͷ񣺡Щ뽪˵
̫˽֪һۣ˼ҲԸ˵С
֪⣬ĲԸ
ｻЦ𣬳һվڱϣ֧룬Ӱ
ҪôҪôܽǻĳֿ⣬ʳ
֪ⲻֶ
ŭίʡɻ֯һôҲڡ
꣬ʶЩ˽⣬Щȥһǣ¶ΪأͷΪһжѾˣ֪ԼǶôЦ
ôأνĹطڵһλǴӺΪ¸Լ¸ողųնɱˣΪӺºպսɻὫΡ
ôأ꣬ʲô鶼ǷޣȻҲΨɵ޶ۣһжǰһѾˡ
ôءҲΨڲͣ任ľ֮ʱ¶ٲκιϸȴΪĸıһٶҡ컹ǣҶǣǲǳ£ٳٲ
ױѺ֮ǰڵΪһƳϴ
湻ɵġ
֪ĿڷŶ£޲ܽеίһһʣΪŽһҲ˵Ͽһۡ
㡣Ƽһ֪Ȼع
Ƽ͹һյˮɫãǲˣ
û£֪ûнӣҲۡ
Ƽյˮþò¡ܲµķضйأϾʱһ׷ʵģǳ֪֪
ܸоԳ̬ȱˡ뾩֮ʱԳȫȻģɷں˵һǳİʱǷŭʧһӳȥŭãʧǾ˵Գġ
ھܾ˳񲻶ģų
Ƽ岻׵׷ʲôǰһ޳ɣֻ¶İ⣬ѾǶһˣΪ˻ᣬĿǴӲͣ
㣬Ƽһ¶ʵЦݣɢϯҸ裬˼Ҳ֪ϲϲ
֪⻹û˵ͻȻŮ߽м£ȥ
̧֪ۣԱϯüͷֿӰӰ´£޵Ҫϸʣ̫ʵôˣ
ŮæǱˣ˺ȥ
⻹¾أʲôôż̫ЦЦģ̧ۿޣɫȻԷˣǺ˰ɣ˵
һͨȥ޲ò̫󣬻ط˺ү̫̫ˣҪСߡ
֪һվʱ
߽Ȱο𼱣Ը
Ըģ֪⺬ŭÿ
Ҳæǰˣ̫ˡˡ檵ȸˡ
ۼ̫ͷ֪ٹ˲ãɿ˳ȥ
ոչ̫󿴹Ϊź̫С˷磬ѾͻȥЪˣһµ˶ûУֻг֪֪ϵıԣãֱӴȥˡ
ߵÿ죬ȴ˱졣ܳģԽʱתͷ˵ÿ£һҡ
Ƚ֪ػѾ˳ȥ֪⿴ȥǺ沢ǴţɻʱƼҲ˹ȥ㣬ҴӺ滨԰ȥЩ
ƾӯ׷𼱣аȹȥ֧Ӧ¡
̫ҲڣʵڲҾ͹̫ߵüϢе㴭£ң㰢ء
֪ⲻܲ£ﺬᣬڵ˼㡣öڼҵģûȥڣ϶ܺ°ɣ
Ҳܺ£ӻźӺʱ¡ǰ³ڣȷ¡ϴӲǽˣ⺢ǳĹ⣬޷ĸѪô⺢ӣ޷ңϵϵ
һֱܺ£һϴź游ĸˡЩƽ˾ΪѾѹȥˣˣȴû뵽ûźʱš
֪ȹխСЬմ࣬ԽԽԽԽ졣ԷĴžǰһȥǰס
лϴԵľȣôˣ
֪ͣɿܳţں棬޷ܵˣάŷȣЩ£ˡ
ţлɸƲ׽ڼҡһȥɡ
ܴɽһǽܵǰֲòͣס
һǽ֮ƽΧǽ˶ߣȥ
󼱴ٵĽŲƼ˹ͣ嵽ǰһ㣬һԾֹסǽͷתͷʱ˼ֲͷ𣿡
Ŵҡҡͷ
ƼûᣬԾӥڶ棬תסǽµĺϻֽŲȥ
ЩСʱù죬ЩλȨٲʱܸ֮оĿڵ˺˺ˣۣûԥźϻΧǽ֦ɣһǽͷ
ȥ
Ť£˿۵øˣɿ档
˻Ƽ壬ڽ֪ԺǰסӾʹӣԷ߳ϣѾ˽ȥѾˡ
˽ȥ
һԷСƼţҲżӣӾģӣ𾢣һ¼ˣҲң
貢ֻǷԸѾǣסˣһҲ׼Žȥ
ϳŸ첲⣺ʲôҿӣ
ͻȻ߬סϻͷϳ
һӾ˻ȥһ£滹ͷ׳˼֣ɿң
ץ˵󣬿δǿӲЩֻóͷ棺үүѽǸˣ
һҵͷһԣ
ҵĲҲսսشչϽ̫̫ѣһÿһٰӡ
һٰӣ㹻ҪˡҵĴ˸սסϣôҲѡ
ת裺裬
ԥţÿ·
첽߽ݣţ泳ֳûпޣĴ۾Ǻ棬ǻϲںӶһǡ
૵ģ£Ҳ£ãǡ
⣬ӾʹӶƼڵأҲѲˣ鼱֮һͷײ˹ȥƼ˼ֻͣܶ㿪ײײȥܡ
Ƽ׷ں棬ֱܣǰվųסվס
ӣ˭վסأһڣ
ԣÿϱҵţ˸үǴӾͷҸոˣǴӱү㿴׻Ҹ˺˵벻ҵģ
ƫͷ̵٣俴ϡͷֽЦһΪǴһǰģûеĲм
·𿴼һԼãħִԣϵѪ᲻һ죬Ҳģ
˵ϻţ㻹ϽѺӱûõĶһС¶첻ã
ϻˣү𼱣Ͼȥү
ҵļסεǰ
ϣôǱ޳ܵ档Զϡ
ֳ𿪣ҵӣƾʲôнҰŲ
һƿ
û뵽Ҷ֣ˤȥĵǽϣȻײòأΪ߸Ҹ׶֣Ѿ˶סˣƿڴϣҪ棬׽ȥҹ
֪ܽʱһĻƬܣÿ·һ˲䣬ձ᣺¡
һҡ


110 
֪ʱ, Ųˡ
ţһҲѹסڵĿ־;š˯أĸ׵Ĳܻ, ŵӡ
֪⼫, 첽ߵǰ, Ĵ۾, С°Ҵãڴǻʱ飬֪ⶶĶͷůģЩɶûܽ, ûоŵ
úӡ֪૵, §ס
, ӭлɣ˴, µ˵
лɻûشʲô, ӻ, ĶҲȥ
Ҵҽţ纮˪Ѿ, дӹŮ
ǳдģҵ£ֲЦҵ, 游Ĵȥ쾭, ˾򵽱ǰ, Ҳ£
֪Ŀ־˿̳棬岻Ų
һֱܺһ졣ԼȴҵѹͷϣӵθĸԿТĲĵĹѹţٻˣǳĸףֱ׳
ͷοӣοԼ£ǲ£˭Ҳ
ȥӰӰ´£ǳ˵֪ºߵűߣһӣӷ϶ȥ
лѾȥˣվűߣһ˵һֽĽǶֻּܿһǣɫѿﲻͣӡ
֪ܾǰ˵鷿İİѱǸ治Ҵӵ⡣ǾֽЩѱ
԰һЩİЦʲôʱǨ⳯͢Ҳδֳ˵㡣
ֳӦΰɡ֪⼱ȥһ߽污üһ˰̣忡͸ݡΣüۣϡмơ
泯ͷһۣôˣȥ棬棡֣ҵӵĻ㲻ɣ
䵭Ŀ⿴ΣлϡЩ֤ռʱһ淢㲻Ҳ㹻ǾȻˡ
Ϊ׮׮ΨһĽ;ǣҵ˿ɽһǿģĿɽ
λЦǴӺТ£ϵĹӲ游棬ֳҪǸҸ游ףܳ벻ɣǲТɱͷأֳ𣿡
оڡ˵ĲΪŮ״游ĸ汲ǲТͨŲ㸸ʵҲŮТ֮ն
Ψһıѹûôء
ַŻػУһһǰˡлɶվ⣬²ؼģѾˣڿ˰ŤһĻߡ
β֪ôɷϵĹءһɫ֮ͽӲڳιʵȱЩƧӵ̲ͨԱδ֪
ڱָ
ֳɣ׷Щ³ҲǶֳĲТ֮ȴǽֳ̣ˣ⺢ӣǵġЦøˣƵ˵ţûӵĻλҲҪ䵽ǾͲȰŪ֣Щ֪óء
ûԽԽõ׳Ըʹӣȥ
ҵʹһӵϣƼźʹεס֪˦ӣ߳һס֣
һͣס֪첽߳ҿ˭ң
Ǳ׷˭ҶҶӣ۾֮
ͷȻգᣬΪĸߣŭĿĬĬ߽࣬סš
Цӣ⺢ҵĸ磬սĿûаϵ
⺢ս
֪Ȼͷǰ԰׵һ˫۾ȼյĺɫ棺ʱ׿˵ױд£⺢ӹ齪һУ⺢ģսֻҪһһ죬Ҿ
֪վţͷ˵ֻģģ㣬ս
ģս֪۾ȣһ仰Ҳ˵˵źӺΪʲôҪø׺͸磿
ҳһ࣬ƿڴƨƾʲôսʲôʲôʱֵ˵
ڿޣӻңҵĴӣҸұӣӵ򣡡
ΨβŭЦֳͦãϧײͬ⣬˵ʲôûء
֪šͬ⣬ӣǸֻҪ治ͷ¾û˶ϡһֱµģһ㡣
ȥǰ棬㲻Тգˣݺ˵ҹ֣
ɿߣֱлס
º͵Ŀһһڳˣҵļ£Ҳö໰ֻҼȻˣҲܿǸʧֵͣòʰ
鲻ɶϾ´ӳ顣
ΪŮТΪ죬Ȳͬ⣬໹˼򲻿²Т
ѽֳǣ治Тǽ̣ˣ⺢ɹǣֺοأ
Ŀ֪һֳҲҪֳֹģ㲻Ҫ⺢ӣ׿ҪǺأ⺢ݲ˳Ц
֪֪ɾϢѸǰ龫Ǳס˺ӣѵջҪʧȥ
ڱһ£ǳͷʱ磬ʱȫ̧ͷ
䵭ǰ³ü˫ۣʹЩʧĿʱӺɣŹʧߣн̣Źߣһ٣ǧ
ƽĿ⿴лɣϣһȥŸ淢
ȴ֪˵ʲô²͸ڣǣֳ֤𣿿տƾ˭أ
֪¶ǻأЩ֪ʹˣ˵ĴҲţϼҰʢܸ֤
û֤ݣ档
׵΢΢һбεĳǰ¥׿ڳϴ£˾̲׶˾д֤ʣǩֻѺ
ȻôΪһС£ԼΡ
˵ֳôϼңԭǸءϵЦһ룬вﻮôã˰٣ҲҪݺͱһֲֳϹҰţܻĶӣֵˡ
Ҹ淢ʱԻĿ˫Ŀʧ˵
֪һ̧ͷʱĿ⡣˵˵׼ϧۣƵһ˲
ԵУ֪ģҡҡͷ
һҲҡҡͷ
û˵һ֣ȴʤǧ֪ɬ˼㣬ΪʲôΪô࣬ΪʲôҪƭ
βЦˡҲ˽Ǹӣ´ƴۣƼŪϹԼȥ⣬ֲϸģΪŪңֵ𣿡
һۣ̫߹Լˡôֵҷġ
Ŀûаޣмûж٣ϣ΢ĳѪӿƤ˰͹ªɲƾʲôƲŪƾʲôôƲ
תлɣŹʧн̣ѪԵŹʧ¡׼ꡣ£Ӧû˵ɣ
лɵͷû
ŹʧѪԵŹʧģµҪ˵ĻҲµˣ޺ҧ
תӣǱΣԼѡ
Ķأһ
ҶϾӹϵҴӼ׳ӴѪԵȥ淢Ҳ
˵Ĳ첻֪š
ϾӹϵٲТѹٲ游
ɶϾӹϵǲТ棬治٣ǳ۵㣬Ӵû;ԣھУڸʿУӴ֮ء
˵ңİĶƽ棬ܻ㡣
ﰲ˼㣬ٳ²ģãмĽŲлɸ˼
Ȼعãӽ
áͷҼټϣӼг
ֻ߳عͷ⡣
֪⿴һҲ˵ģ߽ͷȥ۽ǵ᣺ޡ
ûģս
һ˵ġ
л˵
ᵹʱ°


111 
ҹʱ˷, ֪ڴǰصϢ
׵ģ, гġ
ԽԽ, εô죬汻϶͸ǵҡҡλûͣʱ, ֪£, ϰ¡
ߺûϢȥʣֻ˵ʻʲôʱܳ˭Ҳ˵塣
, ͻȻ֪Ѿ֮ǰ, ÿ, һа, ƭɳ, Ϊȫȫ, ϧϾ;ǰ, ŵս
ǵһȵ׸ӲжĸյһϢֲ֪Ҫܶٳٹڦ
֪벻ͨ, Ϊ, Ϊ˵ز, Ϊʲôڸ׺͸ƭҪ¹죬֪ܲ׺͸ĹΪνѹң
Ӵ©⳹ǣ֪£ڣ̾һһ֮£ЩɫӵܣЩΪ˼己ʢǲϷ뿪һı㣬Ȼ׳εĻѰ˼֤ôαضԤı־ڱصá
϶ϾϵģӴ޹ϸҲٲأҪ㣿
أͻȻŵ󣬽֪ͷſˣΧŷñ˽
ƬɫŴٵҶӣŸոճѿͱۣ֪ȻǰʱJı߹ٻܣӳڱУʱǻϲţ´μ档
̶죬ľȫˣɻǿɬ
ȡ·ñ˾˼ոϢ㸸׵İѾɹ֣Ǹˡ
һ죬˵Ƚǿǳټλ֪ⲻ֪ϲǣǼƬҶӣϢ𣿡
ûУ̾˾ȥ̲ЩӲûйնôҪȵ󣬻дʱ䣬תֻɺһֱˣʲô
Ｘ̽඼ܾƲ׹ﶼ֪֪˼ţ̫󣬿ܲ취
ˣ̫Ȼ׺񣬵͢²ȥ˵Ҫѩˣ·ȥ㼸ɼڼҿǵöЩ·Ҳ㣬ˡ
ָ䵽΢΢ЩǴͷķϢ֪һܵľֹĸŮǰУΪ֪һһ׺̲סͷ
е㲻ڣԥһ²§סļ磺ôˣ
֪̽ţѽСʱǵĸѰӻһ˵£ܰ𣿡
ȵɣӴ֮أֵ첻ɣһǿìܵ˼㡣§ϵ鷢ܡ
֪ҲܡȻ֣;ᶪһ̯ӣȻأԺ󣬻ôţԥţϢ𣿡
̾һûУһֱڿ飬Ҫ׼Ŷ
Ѿȥʱˣһ±ԤϸѣѡģǴδ߹ļѵ·֪ĬţôΪΣƭ
ŮỬͷֹȡѪ壬ǰ;ΪŮȥûԽƲףΪŲ֪αл᲻ʲô飿⡣
֪عţ
˵ȡѪ£˵Ҳпԣ˻ȥĿֻҪסý֪˲ʱҲֻȰЩ˯ɣӦþŶˡ
֪ͷڴ죬죬Ҳһжת
ҹѩʱûͣԺůѩؾͻµͥԺ쵽ˮһͳȥˣ֪ڼȵǰƼˡ
ҵϢ׶ˣİɣӽûаϸ𡣡
ֱ֪˵ǻϲЩǶЩòʵǣأ
Ƽ忴ĳȥµʣ˽Ѵôϣʣϳʱ˵Т棬ű´һֱڻûɢ
֪Ⱨû˵֪һ򲻽ᵳӪ˽´Ӳ棬а̨Ӧòץİѱܲû
ɹλضǱסģֻ»ҪһߣףֶκȨ̨ʲô³ǰӣ֪
ΪΪȫȫ֪ӣ굱Ҫɱ֪ѹ˼㣬Ϊô飬֪飬Ϊʲôʱⲻܵ²Ϊʲôߵһ
㡣Ƽ͵ͻһ
̫ͣûֻСˮسΪѹ뿪ʱѣɵʱһжˡ
Ƽģ뿪Ϊʸ׽ʸˣȴߵøԶˡ
䣬һֱߣȴӲл῿
Ƽû̧ۿŴ⣬ѩԽԽѩƬѩĵһѩ׷ֱҹҲͣ
ʱ˽ࡣ
ǰٹ֮׵࣬ԹǱһ죬ֻҪԲТ֮ﴦԽ̣л䡷˻ڼңȴá
齪ҸͬҲ˽뽪ҸߵýĶǣְְȱȽǣʦӪͽҲн˧˰ְ¾ɽ棬ӵܵ˻ͷԹ̫һ࣬ӵһ֮ڽְľ
ɳеĶȴδֹͣӽӼѵţʾЩһֱʵ֮лɣĸӴ˽װʱЩĸӦϣ
Žӵװӵȵִۣµģл䡡
лΨһĵ͵ʢͻȻУҲȵۺл䡵ֱʡ
ϢҰ𾪡
л½ʤߵʱ򣬽ǧָѹһѹкҰҲ÷˼ҹɣҪлＺگл
ƽͱлͣԶĶѩ϶ͣ绹ڹţϻѩ¼㣬Ƶѩϣ֪ᵧ
ֺˣҲյʱѽ
£ѩҪطڲԻҵĺɫУһݸߵδҴ
ʹӵ£ͷʹǵĺͷȻǲ̬Ϥ֪ⲻվסˡ
ԽԽٻǰͣ΢΢̧ͷһۡµĵͶ²ů⣬ճݵ
ǳ
ˣˡ
֪û֮ǰɿ˹ȥ
̫ܵѩ멵½ǷܣĻѩ£ֱ΢סǣתܣƹղӰ⡣
ůдϢɣҵζ㡣


112 
ҹ紵ٻ, ǵϸѩ֪ɿ֡
ӿͷͷֻ԰׵㻹𣿡
Һܺá
յةฮѱرΧ, ЩһҪص˵ץÿһ, ԭܳһ˵ģɲۼ, ׿ڸ, ôŲġ
ʱ̫Щصϸ˵ֻܼҪôȡүĶŹһ̵¡
Ź̵, ʱ, ǵȵ׵ʱ򡣽֪ģһ㣺Ҫ֤
ڵ΢΢һ, ޾᣺ԡ
Ǻܴ, ֻôһˣҲ, ͨԵ, Ͼޣô, ȴһڵƹղӰããҹɫ˵ŲΪĻ
ǰעԵѽ⡣
з紵ѩ멱Եķë΢΢뵳İ, ŷƮɢ, úܡ
æ, ߺůˣ̽ס֣̫ˣӦýȥ˵ģ±Ƽ
յú֪ܽһûţȻҲֻѩҹԭ䣬ĵ͸ԴԴϴֳ˺ų˵ʲôֲ֪˵ʲô
⡣ߴĻ⡣
Ƶģһţ䣬սֻ͵ߺ֪һһ̣ĵίɻЩɬðͷһɢĺ
ĺŶԸףԸŶ⡣
ʲô԰ɣϵȻδ룬ȻЩĶҲ֣з籩١
ͷ̾ϢУҺ㣬
ϴμ棬һ֣γϡ֪µͷԾܵʹࡣ촹ܹΪȫҲʰԼ⣬ﻹǺ£´Ǹ֣⣬Ҫߡ
֪Ǽⷢᡣ庮ҹȵϢһʱ顣
뱧̾Ϣһֱǰ
̫̫ˣҲĸӡʲôʲôͳͳû⣬Ķµûл׽֮ǰһμ棬ͷĻ
û˯
͵Դ﷢Σֲʵĸо䲻˵Ȼ⻰˼ͬȥˣ̫ϲ˵ŲȻȥҲȥˣһ˿ˣǡ
ʥͽڼ˽Գ߶³еĸӡ
ݵĻ棬ҲԶѷ磬һвԣ̾͵ߡ
֪ܸоܣļͦúֱƿǧصʲô˵˵ʲôζǲңҼҵǲбİţ
ôһΪȴתͷԸ׺͸硣
˵һжδ֪ǣԽ࣬ʱԽΣաΥĵطϣûСǹ£ˡ
֪֡﷢Ŷ£֪кܶطԣȻ˵϶˵סǷ̫Ķ֮䣬Զһǽ
գֱ㿪֪ⲻϿ̧Ҫĵطȥʱˣˡ
⣬ߣƺ赭дĲ֣˺£һӺ§סһʱӯůʵʵڻ£ͺʱָߣߣ⣬㣬ҶУߡ
һ𣬾Υӵý֪еҹҲ§˵̬ȻװķӦװҲ˶̫಻еϣ
ôڣǼ٣
ӷᣬ֪վţúеǳĺųʪ⣬
ƵҲߡ
֪ûˣСĲӣ˻ӰqqҹɫԽȣֱ۽ĵƣʱ˼ֳصζ֪ſҡ
÷ţܲšɿֻϲûߣܻǴġ⣬Ҳ˵ү϶û£Ƕ֪Լʲôûб
ͷģ֪תģ
ӵǣס䣬·ܸ׽Щġ
ãͷã㡣
ôãôӶôӣ⡣
ҹˣѾǿĴң֪꣬ĸˣ߰ɣƼˡ
֪ߡҲѾǵĶ᲻ߣܶͣϢҲ䣬ݺĽ䣬Σ⣬뿪ٳˣչ˺Լչ˺
Щ˼ȫֻأҲ˵һܿȥ
֪ⲻֵЩҪ𣿡
û£ȻģֻҪ治ȥףκβҡ
治ȥ棬ôѱεģҪƣҲ䲻ôǾͲᶷС
ܶл䡱ʱ̫⣬Ϳ⼸иĶˡ㲻Ҫģ
ƶģֲ֪˵ļ棬ǿοüͷСЩ
룬仰ǵɽ𺣣ҲһҪȫԼͻ
ǽ֪ͨߣ͵˵ţ⣬ǵһҪŹ棬˵̵¡⼸Ƚң°úͲҪٳˣʲôһѰ㡣
֪﷢Žأ
û£䣬̽ס󣬡бʣһᾡ㣬Ѳһ袹ˣ㲻Ҫš
Ѳˣ袻ȫ뿪ѾźˣһʲôϢǺү磬ң㶼ҪᣬߣֻҪǺúõģôС
֣أ֪֪شͻȻеޣлϢеġ
ԣеġ˳Ļ˵ȥҹΣ⣬Ҫˡ
ԽԽڴˡ
ɿɲǣǻ˼ҲѹֲססȵĴӰǡ
Ϣóȫ־ɿˡ
߳ǽͷһֻ£קԾϸǽƬճջӰ̽
ӦûźˣӡҲ⣬Ŀ뿪ʱģ
ӰǽͷһΣûҹ￴ˣ֪£ѩ멣ûйĽ䣬ߵƹ
ҹˡ


113 
ڶһ, ֪彪ɺͽǨ
еǣ棺⼸ûкүƲ׵Ϣ
ɩûУĶȥϴξٷƲ˺, ʱ˵Ҳûʲô˼, ֶŮϴβ˵ôöֶŮȥʱ¾ͺ, ʲô
, Ǩֹ绹ڹУɩӺͶֶŮǸ˼ңûзƵģ˵ɡ
ڹֲҺ, ˵ʲôһҲȥ, Լ˵˵ʲô£Ū, ĺôԼֲֵ, øȫռˣΪ½ȥˣֵֽ, ֵܾʰ̯ӵģ
ĬĬ, һԲ
뽪֪õģȻʱŽɴʴ, ŭӺ潪֪˳Ȼ˵ԼֵܣôҸ¶ΪʲôԼ˺úֱֵǰûճ
ֶŮκˣߺ˵, ǴӺҳ, Ʋ, ҼȷˣضҪ£ѲɻǸţ
˰ɣԼˣÿǨƢ͵㣬ȰֶŮҲ˵䣬Ҳ常ǰ˵ķݶ
֪û˵ǹԭҲΪˣҲáɫԼǳ⾰Ҳ֪ʲôʱ
ɩûб£ûеĻҪˣɳһµţֲֶŮţл
ӰζСƳ˰֣Լõźţˡ֪͵Ϳһ⣬æλһǰæ취ȳү̵¡үȻƲףûϮƲ֮λţظõӼֶͷһ̣Ҳú˼̳С
ɺͽǨһۣŶûڣѾ߸Ӽһˣˣ
δ䣬첽߽˫ʥּˣҷͣ鳭ͽƲڼеš鼮
ԱŲۣɢԷ鷿Ѳ飬ҳһƬɡǨɫ
ǰ˻Žңû᲻Ӿûˣƾǳңƽİˡ
ܣҲ϶ȫޣδرסֵֻܣ߻ѿϵٰѶӹ̵˶ӣҲҪǣȴǷˣ
վǰŵѲĲۣ̾һûµ˲аλ壬̵һҪ졣
ɩȿڣҼ㼸ֶӶǴֱֶϰģְʣǿܼҵİɡ
⻰˵ģҼֶ㻹֪һಡûȢףһȢֻŮޣԼ𶼷ųܸǣǴӶһɣֶӲʣǻмֶ𣿡
Ǻܲ𣿡ɼˣǲĲСһûժ̣ι̣˵ҲǾֵܣϼǱ߲ǻм𣿲翴Ǳûкʵġ
һ仰˽ǨæԶԣϼһмֵܣ˵ﱲдȥʡ
һһƴǣһԲڱϣһ䶼ڶ
֪ҲµԾӰ㿣ǱѳŵȥԱǾ࣬˼ţϼǱߵ׾춼Ѿ̫ԶˣмֶڣֺαԶ
ֺʱȻѣɴݸ߻үҲôӶֶܼѡһΪʣΪΣ
Ǩһժ˳һæͣԶԣҲôá
ˣԭжẒ́¾ж¹̣ǷϺǶ˴
һݴ䣬Ż֪߳⣺ͷ̫ңСүɡ
֪æߣǰͣмλ常飬յµ˵սǼһУҰڼңλ常Ÿȡ֡
壬֪ս½ɺͽǨ˵ˣʱͻȻ𣬽ɶʱඥˣ
˵ɩŻ˵αԶģȴڸУ
һָݣжֶŮ⺢ӣγˣ
Ǩ£֪òø֪ͣҲû˵ҡͷУûأܼ̳мҵ
ôˣ⺢ǽҵѪյҲǽôܼ̳мҵɴʱһԼժȥͷһ޳ɣ
Ǩԥɳһѣ˵ǲǣսôУȴǼĶǿٱַôõѡҪѵҪɩܼ
һԼ˿Ǩ촽˵ǣսǾû⣬м̵á
ֻǲͬ⣬뽪ǨȰѥһӲ۱У˵һܣҲҪѲ飡
óطƻ̳嵽죬᣺̫СԲ˳˱ֶۣͱ£ֺϹأزҲܸҺֶŮ
ʲôỹࡣɸţɫԽûˣҺ˭˵ģɩ£ϼǱҲҸȥ˵
λ常Ǻ⣬ɿ˵ƾ½׷˵˹ء֪˵
д飬ԴΪ֤ɵֽʣǡԱУæùҪд
֪æסҲûˣǲɡ
ͷһ뵽֤û˸٣æǰ񣺡֮¹ͷβţֶΪ¹ֵΪҵ֤
ģ¹򲻴ӦΣҡͷҲ֣ҲգҼȻˣ֤Ҳ޷
ɴϲٳʲôʣɿдһʽ飬ͽǨǩֻѺ˫ֳʸ򣺡͹ࡣ
ӹǩãƬֽ̺ϣ֪ۿȥīڣӡʺ죬ӽ˳Ϊҵļ̳ˣٲõЩϲʲô֦ڡ
ȻŲߡ
ʲô㵽ˣضҲ֪Ľôˡ֪ȻתĬĬȥ۽ǵˮ
ʱѲĲҲ£šʰ˼̧뿪ɺͽǨҲ뿪ı󣬳̾һⲽأ
ۿҪ㸲ӲмĻֶεҲҪΪŮĽСʵ˱
ѹ֪ͦ˳ġ
ǰʰŷ߰ĶٲõЩĽͦá
ӽ֪ңͳĲƲ׵һ¶ͱй̣ɹĶӣĶŮããȽǹ͸Ҫ޿ˡ뽪֪룬ͳϣҲڡ
Һ񣬶ˡ
ҵһŻԭԸ㰢͸Ҳ˳
һġ֪վţĿһģ
ȴԽԽʽѹͨ֪뾡취Ҳûܼһ棬쵽µףл̣ڳﱸ³̫ٳִϢλϡ
õϢʱ֪ͥɹ̫ϰûзӦӶ֣ôԶ棬ôܵˣ
ЦӤȫ֪ĸʲô
ȥμĻЩӲҪţĻϢҲܳš
֪ǿûȥҹ﷭ȥ˯ʱͻȻˡ
л˵
£ܿסᣬ̫ôô~


114 
Ѿ߻ж, ֪ѾļҪǻӣǰѩʹµӰ, ǲ, 
ɿ촩·, 
ǻϲһ˲, ˵ѲѵѾˣɴðŸͨŶôô죿
, Ƶҹеĺ£ת, ͺ̳Ʋ, ҪΪ̫١
֪˲ϸ⻰˼, ׷ʣҴأ
ͷߵüѾҹˡ˻ת, ѱزȱĶʰһ, һ£ʱߡ
ҹˡһҲͣ·Ьû׼, ·ϵĸ룿ʱͣϴμݣǧ·Ҫôꣿ֪ɤţһǴ·ϵĶ׼𣿡
̧ͷһ, ЩֻЩ׼һЩ·ʳ
֪ԷһЩ, ôûţ袸𣿡
ºھ, Сӡ
֪ѿ˵ôУ
һȥǧЩ˱ҹضģôܹ·ЩȥҴˣȫϡ
ˡͷµھбСӣ²ҿ
֪⽹ţ˵ȥġ
ˡô˵ʼֻһ䡣
֪֪ŵ˶ĹΥ˼˵
ճһСԲԲĹ⣬ޱߵĺҹ
һҹȥʱҲۣĬĬĽų̡ʱضѾ˳һվ˰ɣҹǲЪ˵ط˯ţһҹûЪһ̰̣
ֽϷŰף֪ҴҵҹˣҪǳƲڼң򲻿빬Ϊ̫١
ţһʱ²͸ΪýĶΪ츸ӵİӣõͷá
緹󣬺ʹӼææ֪ĸŮȾ纮ˡ
һ춼ɫµ׹д빬ٵּ⣬Ҳֻϱأ빬
֪ŲÿΪ飬ΨһĵľǸֺͳôţҲֻܰοԼûϢ㶼ǺϢ
ǰһ죬СﶼŵƽʵأƽլԺ㣬Ĺ죬ַʹͣȻѺ֪Ҳݣ̫˹
֪Ѿ߲лʱ̫ͻȻ˵˳ˣ֪
֪һѿʵʲô£
ߵѿʱ·ҵɽ£ʬ޴档̫ۿһʱɲҰףæĿڣҶˣͷҴϢ׼ǧ롣
Դֱ죬ֻ̫һһϣƺ˵˺ܶ໰ȻһҲеһͻȻɫҲʧˣƬƬããĻң֪վš
ô᣿˵лϢ˵ģһô׼ôܳ£
п߹Ҳ߹ˣΧڶԼҲ˵ʲôҲֻվš
ô᣿˵ģѽ
֪˶ãŵͻȻӤЦ˺ƣ۾һֱĸЦ
ʧȥͻȻӿ˵Ҳ˵ѾȥҰҩЦ
аӤȫ֪ˡ֪شӹͷǡ
ȵˮմϣССȥЦ
֪Ⱨߵ䣬ŻҡԼڱ£һԲҡ
ԵҩŰ񵤸
̧֪ͷſ졣
ҩ֪ţ࣬ζе֣ľ÷ۣƫƫĸоǰҪ࣬ϴøС
£ǰϢҾȥˣǲûҵʬ壬µģҲϢˡ
ʬ壬ڣҪ𣿽֪ҡҡֻ˵
⣬˵仰ѽˣӣе¡
̧֪ۿÿֶڶƫƫ֪ηӦܲסֱס⣬˾Ϳ޳аڣµģԡ
԰ܶûô˵ˡ֪أĸ׻û¡
۾ɬţֻ૵ظû¡
£չ˺¡
ҹ֪μ˳
ããӰк֣֪⼫˺ŬЦ⡣
֪֪ԼΣȻΣ׽Ҳ̰׷翵Ӱһ⣬ߡ
Ѿܾûôˣһμ棬Ҳģ鲻κλӦȫ޽٣𵱳ľ黹Թã  ֻʧǡǶôìܰ˵ĸ飬Ƕôìܰ
һ˺֪ץס˳ͷסģôů⡣
⣬Һ㡣֪˵ֻǽץ֣Ȼʧˣ޿ɱŨ֪⼱ţڽг⣡
Ȼ۽ʪţǰҪˡ
Ҫˣ֪Ƭ죬漴Ӧʱ˵£
һƬڣҹɫŨµĵ֪ʲôʱˣ袴²ӰһװΧǽͷȫǱ⣬ǵøϽߡ
һʰõģ˯һҲޣ֪ٵȥ
ܰ˼㣬ţǰ·ѺβΧŻ֪ɿţһԺ䣬ס޵ĺַ
Ĵ򿪣кһû˻֡
ߡ鵶˳ȥ
ɿܳȥԽҹɫеĽֵ֪æлͷ߸ߵΧǽº˵żˣǼӺʿ˭ģ
С֣һƧլԺ򿪴µİߵص
ĵصͷ߽߱ͣǰ׷Ӱֵĵص˿Ĳϱͨ⡣
ԭʱڳﻮһʱ
֪ۣӲΪʲô׹£֪
صɢʪһҹÿͷ֪˶ãǰ˶ǰӦȫ
˵صţҵӳǿĽҰ֪⿴ɽͷɫĲºԶĺǵׯ
˵꣬˻ɣ͵ͷ߰ãȳϢ㡣
֪߳ɣߵȴˣããأ
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115 
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»µĴ̻ƣɫͿʼ׼, ж߹ĹŽ, ҹߣȴ죬ӭٹٺ빬ء
⣬Ӫʿ̤ҹɫĬʢǽܱȫװǰ, ǹ̫ı, ½ı䶯вŸδְ
ڵǰͻȻеͳƺҹվס
峬ǰ, 벻˭, ͻȻճϹһ, 
ͷ϶δϵ˿, ó½ܵˣ峬һ㲻𣿡
չлƾʥּ֪ŵ·ϴɱ, »ֻ֪źɳﻹл䡵һ֧;
һ·ϼգѿʱѺĲ£û, ַɾ, лؾȡ
峬ּ, ȵĵһգżȥ峬Ӫְܱ֮Ѻ̲󡣡
ҫƾŵֻһˡ峬ˢһ㾹Ҽٴʥּˣɱ
ŵӦεҫУһȴѪģߣ峬û˻㣡
ӵͷ¶һϤȻ֮ǰְܱ˼ҡ
еٴ£峬µҺųɱ˼һѻѻĶɲӦӣ㽫ұȫնɱ
ŵѪζͷ˧ǻݣ
һлɻؾıֻ¸ʮ֮ǰ̫زΪڻؾ̫ˣ̫ϵл䡣ӽΪۣЩ𽥱лƵԵĸž»صȨĺģһļϡ
̫л˸ĳﻮʱ䡣͢ȥлɵĽҲͱ򣬳ΪƲҪһ
֮ƲУ׵ȥݣýѲӹܣʹ챻Χ֮½ӱݾԮԭļƻ˳죬ûռݺװõߵĽ;ӣû뵽쿴裬ûܵ֡
ڴڼ԰Ϊ壬ڳлǰصĻѳ֤ݣֻлɽļߣеżĶǽӵ֣ģǽӡ
˼ϣҪҪǷЪһ
޷ǰǣ
ƥڹٵϱۣģԶɽɽһߣҹɫ￴ĵطǵׯҲ֪ûУעǺƽٶһ죬ׯԶʳǣֲڳ·ϣұӴܣҲǱȥ޽˿ɹܵңɽȥİ׼㹻ʹõʳˮǱǰȫġһ˳ƽȥĸӻѾóѣ袻ĸȥǧ֮⣬õŵ㡣
ôˣ˼ʵͷǹ˼ҵˣҺܵı¡
ڱߡ˵
Ȼеָӣʼջлɣ׵ĹٶҲǣ׷֮·֣̫빬֮ǰлʶ̫̫ȥܵϼ̺֮λҲлɰʹԭ
лȵ۶֮ʱͲ֣ʧܺݷװȴʱһ
˺ӣƲ״뽪췵Ϊڶ£ƿݡڼȡѪԲѣΨһڼ֮С
ϸ뾩ԽƲ׵ΪһǣϴУʦľӪܱɿ峬ʳǵĽͳ컻ɹϺӵܣʹлޱá
ֹĶѳ壬治Тţлɵļƻ·ϣϵлһֱ֧ۡ
лɳﻮúܺãǰһ㵽ĳﻮ˼֮ǰͷǱ뾩ӪɲϹѺʷ̨һֱеľɲΪĶǸڹ̫緢֮ʣıƽҡ
˼һнھˣһУξǽġ
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һޣǣԷлɲкٹٺ
̫õʱ˳ٹԱ빬أǱ˳мҾţԱǶҲͬǻǱʧܣйԱΪʣ˳ѡ
˼ôĳ
ǰһȥֻһսǰϦ˿̵˼ȫǽ֪⡣һ֪ǵġ뽪ҸӲԼͬѡǳԴΪлЧΪ˳ı֣ƽϲ֣ؾ⸴Ӱ
ƽģе˶ʧܣЩ˻Ụĵطһ
ı֮ףѾĶ֣ضˣ
ڵڵҹ롣һ˶ɵõζ̫ʹˣô꣬᲻ٳ
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࣬ǰ·гӭϣǰˣԱѾʼ빬
ǰˣҲлɾ쵽ѹ²˼ӿǡ
ٿһׯķ򣬴ǰ·ȥ
ɫɻҰ֪Ŷɿׯȥһ·ϲ²̽ʵΪҸ׵£ǳ£
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£ǾͿ˶ۣ֪⼱ʵǱ֪ͨûеط㣿
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ԭĵؽҲĳңһţб䣬ȥɽ
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ȻзʱԾľʲô£
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лˣļ̌ԶĹǣŨ̹Ҳ֪˭˭Ӯѵİˣ
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ӵл䡵ּݣµְת˻ƼСҹҹһл䡵ľɳ磬Ϊֹ˻ˣΨûƲס
ߣȥݡ
ƼһֲýƲûϢԭˡ
Ӫһƽңһڳأ˳ߵѾвڷʱͻȻмٵԶУ壡
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˵һ¾ͻװҲ֪̫Цлԭ˵ǣͽһװû˵ʵûС
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л˼Ƭ̣·һ·һ·׷
߳ǽȥһļƣֶûҪµļǺżȻȥаȫǵķšӸȴ;̽һ顣
֮󣬳иŨ̾㶼Ϩ𣬻Ϣƽүƽƽ뽪һӭ˺
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袴ȥˣһס˵ĺۼԼ򿪰ɽﳷ
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֪⻹ûӦѾһƽ֣ɽȥˣһ仰˹⣬ЩԲ𡣡
֪һۿܵıӰţһһߺұɽȥˣ֪ţοľïʢء
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֪ڰ;ѣʱûأôˣ
֣Ա߳ϣ𼱣Ѿˡ
û˵֪꣬˳˳һŲԣ·⿪ǰĺ󱳶ˡ
۾ţû֪ȥס֡
⣬Ʋסسȥɣ̫ˡ
֪۾ųҡͷôãȴֻдҴһƳ̶̼仰뿪һֱ
ս̵֣ĵۣǰҲѪǱذ׷ûд̴࣬Ϊʲôôˣ
ޣ۾ɬ˼㣬֪ųӣһһǰš
Ʋָܡֻгһʧȥ
ڵ֪һɲ;뿪֣Զϴ۵㣬ֻҪԶԶƽϲ־ͺá£ȫϲ֣ǳ
Ʋ˳Ŀ⣬ˣʱ?NѪŸͷѪȣЩ¹Ѫ
ΪжµĶҩҩˣͷѪҽ㡣
ûΪˣЩ˸Ѫ
Ʋ˵ţŽָ֪оĲڿޣ۾ţӺţڴϣôʶʶǰˡ
޵ôģ޵ᡣޡΪǸĳһδο
ǴʲôĺˡΪʲôҪ˵ࡣǴôƲ˼㡣ЩȵԶ˵뿪ݡԶĵطңԶԼ⡣
ǿЦһ֣ӺˣΪӺɱôˡһȴԶܶ˵һ֡
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һ죬죬ʱһȥʱᷢգʱʶ˵仰ʱֻţ˯š
֪룬̫ˣ̫ƣˣ龫ǣ;˫صЪЪˡ
ôѣڵ۾΢΢촽ůɾЦݡ
ҹûѡ֪ŹµƷԺ˯ˡ
μ˳ʯǰתͷЦỽ⡣
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֪Ȼۡ
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ıƻЦˣо֪Ĵ΢΢ſůȵϢ
һ
ɡ
š

š
ᣩ
л˵


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