СʦֻǮ
: ̻ʯ
:
~±ʦŷҡ~ϲղذɣ
ô˳յڻСʦа
ǸΪʦɽ٣
ʦǿѹȡɹǣӡ
*
ãңҪ˺籾
ʦŭĵһ죬ùʰ˰ֻһͷ
ɽǮͽˣ
ǲУǮ
󣿵ұھ͸ʯ
еǣǧǧ򣬲һ룡
ֻҪһţ
ͻĺ˻ܳһѰ˸ӶŵŽޱһ١
Իû취Ƿʵ̫ˣ
ƣɽƶٻ
ʦʦ㣺ɥĲͷƤ飡

С糡
ʦ̼˶ħѪĽã
֮Įɣ
˼ԼȻħ
Ҫɴһ·ߵڡ
ٽһɲǣһؽĽѻƳգֱָʦüġ
ģȴ
ԿԻǵͷˣãҲǱҪŵˣ

ħҲãҲգȥǶɾȥǶ

ãԭΪΪǮ
ԭҾİ¹⣿
ɽһսԻ*רĸǮСʦá
Űİϡͷʹޣ
ݱǩ Ůǿ  Ű Ŵ
ؼ֣ǣ  ǣؽ  ׬Ǯ
һ仰飺ǲУǮ
⣺Ŭܶ?


1 
Ѿǵʮˣ
Լ۾ĵܣˮĲ񷿡Q󡢸ɿݵĲ֦ŷƴԣΪа
Ǹδᱻʦѹſ޵˺ѷȡɹǡ費·ҵòҵа
ħó̶ȹȻ󣬽վԼѾ˻ҵĳɷ
治ǽ˵СţŶֲɨ»ԼҪʦйöŵʦǸͷӣ
Ǹǻᱻץ˹ؽȥģ
ʱˣ𣿡٬ֱ̧ۿȥŹٵĶվſڱԹ
͸ɮ붨֮УֻϧһĶǸġġر𰮱Թʽޣȫ𡢴ȫ򲻹ߵ͡
Ĺƨ°ԼĶ䣬һ
ˣ㵱ܽʱ˵ĻˣԵһ𾪣ƺǵһԼۿ
ǵüǵãǡʲôţԺ˵ǳлҽ֮ģòмĴ˸Ƿ
ôأȥجΣεĲһôа˵ã˵ãΪ˼ΨһĴ磬δ5ͱس
سֵַ7꣬һţʦ˵Ҫش廯Եĵϻĵİ˵ãԺշ
ΪˣаǶʦʦŶм㣬ǲãͰͰ͵ĳаŵӻνǴ򲻻֡ڡͷβĹˡ
ֻǺŵӣȴ֪ԭʼհǱŵʦ㣬˲δζطʦɽҪҸӣʦԻծ壬ȡɹǣš
ܳⶼʲô繷ѪͷƤľ飬ÿείɵɵֻ޵аڶ춼ܱѣһҵŮǿộ
ȴû뵽һ졭Ȼа
Ѫǣʱ㣬ʣһݺʦ㣬ʦɵʱ
ʦ˼ղʳֻ˯ڲ񷿣ǿбٹȺܳš
аʱ12꣬ܳҸȣǿбٹȷ壬óֻҪʣһԲҪ
ߣѹ˳ųȥ
߲㲻ǻô£ǸģĲԽԽСɴ˸Ƿһƨڵ
ˣСʦطֻҲͣԼĲӣ
ʦ֮ǰҵķѵô÷ʣ
ٹÿӶӦѧģʲôΪȻ
ʲôʱȫٹȵģýʣ
Ȼ֮󣡡Եúܵ⣬羳Ϊ𵤡ԪӤ񡢺塢ˣǶɽٳɡ
ʿڶ޷ȫٹȣٽʿΪʳҲżƽ䡣
Ψʱھȫٹȣܿ𵤵ż
Ŷ㿴𣿡Ŀ˵
㶣ʶаսУ񡭡˴ʦ¶аĸǲѣʦ𶼲ģǲʲôģ
ûǸ漣öԼĴĴֱָɵǰ
ڷʮӣŻóԼĽŽõȥ֣
ϲȥҶñ۾ɵڵϣţ
㲻Ҫ̫֣żΣ
òᣬܿ죬ﱻһҩ״Ķ˶ŷŵĽϡ
ýĵҩ΢΢ů⣬Ӧʿ޲ҩ裬ʲôڵʿȻҲϲá
ϣʦʦڴȻģмֲ죬
ˣۼ˵ص㣬ûڱۣһֱӽö˳ȥ
ڵصʹȴ֣ܳԭŵڵİ
ôĻȥɨ
а֪ʦ˿ڣǿѹŽöҪõѹڵأ
ðһ䣬Ҳ֪仰ʦ𵽵ûʦǽ˵ȥʲôʦž͸öʦŸж֪ʦʦɹǼȴȥʦʵ񼫣ñʦţ
УȻſڵϵĽóĴʦĻ
ʦˣк䡰ףɽ̻ʲ׷𡱿أôˣ
˵ʲôʦϵԼߣ
˵УʦŰɣ
ʦ𣺣
Ҿ˵ļԣ񼫣Ӧʦţ
˻һŵӿаĿⶼˣֻһǲǱٹȱɵˣʦִôһ
ûΧܵʦѹں󣬸ɴϵĻңֱӴӵˡ
ԩͷծ˵ʦҲңǷȻҲңҲûдŵıҪˣɽˮ꣬ڣ
˵꣬תˣһƺһʲô飬ʦ
ʦԭΪῴаĵĳ棬ҲΪ뿴аģŲ鲻ԸӦĲ׷ȴû뵽ôԼҪʦţ
ʦ˾κȴ֣ųĬƺ˼һаֱˣ
ǲǶˣȻʦ˿ڣʾСʦûûȥٹȣԡͿˡ
Ϊʦľʦñӿտڲ˵
ߣʦ֪а֮ȴ֮أôӲͷ뿴жôǱ
ʦ뿪ҲɢˣԼĽվԭأŸոս˵ĻĪġе
ûԼŵӣСĿ˵ΪҪȥɨɵӶΪˣŵȫǸŵȥõɨߡ
һľͷСǲĳŵаһһǳ棬ռǵдһҳҳȥадĶǶԼҪ
ò֪뵽ʲôадҳֲȥ
û
˳۶ˣ
ýܴĶ˰󡭡Ȿռǡ
µɽţû뵽˳˴ʦ֣Ȼʦ㣬òС¹۾ġ޹ʦ㡪ƣϲ˺ƶ
׼ȥǶֽĿڣ
֣ȴ˻ȥ
ңʦ㲻׵ĵԲԼ޹۾ԴֿĻͷ˴ʦһۣ
ݺ㣬㲻ңôҪȥǶЦ
ϧδ˵꣬ͱʦϣ㣬
ɰҾϲЫĳ԰ɣöԴ˴ʦֵĻȤĳ˻ӻ֣ȥǶƨ£
л˵
鷢ģղأָղذɣ


2 
ƺûϵаȻתˣʦֺʦһʱ䶼һֹĳĬС
ûˣ˦˦ҪߣȻдձ䵽˽õ
бۿȥ
ձ·ϳԣվڽϺǲͷģǲһ䣺ΨһļңЩ
õǳ˳飬ᣬ׼תߡ
˭֪ûܵõ𰸵Ĵʦȴ͵׷˽õǰ
ȷҪߣ
ʦַѾ׳ϸԼ۾бȴĺġ
ճţɾͲ㵥ʦܰ쵽ģʦַĸԼϵĽһɲҪڵļƣ
ÿ˿תͷ˿װ޹ƶʦ㣬ȻԼð͵ſʱ˭˭
һָʺȥõĺŸ˳ŵţԶԡ
ʧķô󣬻ʦȴĳĬ档
ʦַȴȻìͷָǲҲˣҪߣ㻹Ͷ
ôҲܱѰϴ
ΪԼ⣬һλŵʦǻӰ£Ȼмļ
ˣҪΪС·徲
٣Լɢµĳ
Լϲ̲סԽŵ˵䣺ҸոȥߵĶ·廹СֵǮƢǶȥ壬ʧŵȣ
ǱЦţű;ļ·ҲǮ
ĶǶɢС⣬ÿãʱ
ʲôûУߵӲֻ»һϷ
ҿǿĽҲãȴôĪ¼ңʦƶżͬ飬
ƾЦˣȥʦߣƽĽǣģһ鳾Իᶢģ
ʦɵĴû˵
ǶģϲĽ뵽аԾûпװǵı£ȺúڷԵͷˣ
ʵǣó֮Ҳ֣Լö찡
ȥ˼һΧ˵лһ߻䡣
ûȫаĸǵײʲôˮƽֻ֪ȡɹǵʱû
һûȴεȥҪɶɵʦ㣬һҧŵձ˵ûıţʦ˸ȡɹǶѣ
ǻڵʿξķչʮҪȡɹǣֳ˼һԣʮʦôҪɽٳɵĵز
ӦڱʲôʱںѣҪӡ
ðԼƲ⣬ô˵ʮʱȥƷδξһС
ʮʿ̣ܶһͨȴܳ㹻ȥѼԼΪ֮Կĳ룬
׻˵úãǮʹĥ
ǲУȫµʿǲС
ʿǮƹҲƾӪҪõʯ˵ˣɾһ߻رǮ·
ֻյĲǮʯн»Ǯºð죡
ǮʱҪһĽޣ˳ŵƷʦ³
£иᡣ
ߺһܺŴᡣ
Ŵ᳣£ǧźͱ˴ĶˣǧŽŴϹ㿪ţͽֻҪ100ʯ볡ѣɢ޻ͨҲһĻᡣ
ԱţˣǮⳡᣬȥɣ
ֻȥµ߸꣬طɢɼҲύףıǧŵ볡ѻ300ʯһš
ÿ˿ԼߵĶĿöûʲôõĵϡ
Ҫۿװǣó֣
ԼĪӺ
ڵĵ䵱ӣΪյŴᣬ쳣𱬣ƹһʵɢ֮󣬾ͼһվĵĴܣ
ƹǰҪߣ£̧ԼĿ峺ʣƹ֪ţ
ƹ㶣ⲻǡ𣿴ųžڴ˵أԳɢｻףҲ˴֮Ÿ￪ĵꡣ
֪Σƹ䲻⣬˳Ļ˵ȥ
ƹƷֹѪʯطǰһһٵָ
ƹмЦˣ˵ܴطˣǵ䵱̣ʯҩ̣
ףҾµ˵䵱Ķк˵أҪطʮöʯöƷֹѪԽԽã
ˡ˭ƹЩ
һŵӣ˵úأɷҲ˵޷ȣһЩƷҩˣպл˵̯ԼƣʲôҲûУͲʹϵ䵱ʣ˵ָײͬţԱţ
ƹվԭ˺ü룬ƺȲҪߣǰסȵȣ˵ЩҶУ׼ʲôأ
ֻóһöͨ͸ƿԼˮ壬ǰС׭֣ţпӡĺۼȴ޷ʲô֣
ƹ΢΢֣ܸܵöͨϷȪϴ֮
˲䣬ܽǸ
֮ƹ˾⣬
֪䵱Ĺأ
գգ۾Ҳ֪˵úأ˵Ѱ֮ͰѺպҲѰˣ
ţƹĵͷæڵһͨæ
̧ͷƹ񼸺ǰѵеĺﶼ˳һһ
Ƽ۸񣬿ɲͣ
ĵͷЦЦ
ƹ񽫶þ˽õǰҪĶˣˣƿƷĻѪ裬ȥСҵõĶˣѺҲҪĻɵøӰ
򣿡ùŴԼͣʶͰѶƻƹһȡõģ
ƹģе׶ˣСǮҲǵʱá
İѶȫӲСŻȥĪʱɵŵںǮƣ
㣡һ޵֮ˣպǵԷҪǵýⷬԵƹ˵߶ŽõͷԾԼҲռһ˵İѽͳ⣬ĩ˻ãϽѶȥС
ûͷƹһ֮󣬰Ѷպó˳ǡ
װǣˣ
ö壬óǼ˸ƨɺæʰоְɣ
Ƿڷ̫ãػᴫţǸʱѾڴ˵أ
ΪԼվҪǮģֻǮͲ֪Ǹԩͷˣ
úСȻʱߵҪץȴҲҪЩֻǿʼ
ڣǧ׬ǮʢᣬҲ
ƾ㣬ҲҪȥǧţ
ͣ÷ִ֣ȥֻһһˣһ͵Χ˳⡣
ǸСһ㣬ݺݵضΧסˣֻϧǹѲڣϵʯˣ
ڿôȥμӱ֮ʹһɢ
ñǸ˾СٿС֮ȷĿִȷţ˿ã


3 
ι
ߵǸСǰӸµĿҿ԰ţҪ£Σ
СɫӳõģϸϸȥһĮԶҴż־׵ľСڽõĿ£ƿԼ۾ûж˵ʲôҪ뿪
ȴһס֣׼ˣü
üִ˽ã
Ѿˣȥκʲô
ȻһʯŵϣЦſ˵ʲô˵һ飡
סˣŵĿǰССŮԼһҲһƺҪСһЩֺâȴԲҹҰһ㣬˲ò
ԾͣԼĽŲҪʲô
ȥǧŻ᳡ߺߺȣҰȥǧŵȫʯΣһƴֵģǰȴ´ߺʲô
ǧʮʣ

Ҳ֪ǲǽýԼҪ̫ǰǶ̲ס˳顣
ԥ۽ʯǵͷɽ
˽·֪˽Լ֣ޡ
һֵ֣ˣ
Ŵٰɳǳ⣬ȥĴׯϢһ˳㽪ҲҪЩʱһԼҪ顣
ǧţаļʦǳᵽ
ʦҫȴý˳ż䣬ڵʦűܻȫһд
޾ڽ߿ʣŵˣ
㣡ͷҲδ̧ͻޣ
һ׼𣿡
룡
룿Żᱻ۸ˣ֪ôʯˣʱô죿޵Ƿ
̲ס㵵̧ͷֻԭͻܵޣ֮ģԽһֻ˵Ĳᣬüͷȭͷڷ΢΢ţǸȴڹϳɣ
̲סڴȤⲻ
һ㶣΢΢˵ĺΣ㡭ô֪һæοοԼʯҲס
£ұóȫʯͬʱ֪ʯֻǿˣˣԼȴøڵתԼıʣϸ۾ֻϺ꣬
ⲻ𣿡޺ܲ죬
ǰûĻô̾Ϣһ
޳Ĭûлػд̲֮ס̧ͷĿޣΪžͲпᣬΪûоǿֳŻŸ
ϣ˼ǲɣ֪꣡
õͷһϳ֮ɫ޳Ĭ˰Σʶ۶ԼָǴ㷴Ҳţ
ʲô
Ҳ㲻ǮȨߵСֻͷ
˳˵Ļ˵ͷ̧ëʳһЦϲ㣬ڷ࣬ǮȨǿΪΪ
޵ٴγ˳飬Ҳ˲ٽ䱸
Ǯܵģ
ٴǿһ飬
ŶúȻһ䣺㲻ȹҵǮ֮˭˵Ǯܵģ

ޣ
ߣ
סޣ⣿治
ޣ
Ȼôߺıʣ̹ϵĿޣһףǧ򣬲ҪԼˣ
ǾǾͻܺԼʵȥף
գŴᣬ
еĻ᳡³ޣ׼Ű̯ţȴʣµŶ죬ɢѾߺȿˣ
һߣһඣǧͽʮ꡷һ˰
ҵġǧŵԱͽ棡
ǧ顷ǧڿʷǧžܵɽ綼ôھ𣿣
ԭأɢǣϣһ䣺СҪһڱˣ5ʯһΣ
5ʯ
ǻ׬ʲôǮ
ûû˵أ޾̲סһߵЦˣȻҲ˽ô˿̵ľȡ
ûͷޣʾлֱ˵
ʼ磬ƺڱЦòҪΣҪߺ𣿡
ƣǽҪ׬ǮǹƵÿ˲١
룬Žñ֤պػỹʱʯҲǰｪֹˡ
óĬ˼룬󻷱ƫͷޣǲǣ޼ƿʩˣ
ޣ
ѵ˼ˣ5ʯһľ棬ûܸʲôɣ
ˣֵ꣬ϳˣ
ô˸ָʾ޸ߣг񣬲֪ΪΣ޾Īеһ˿Σ
ʱ
֡ǧšľŻ䣬ȺӿȥȻһȴŻŵȺбߣһСײһδ󺺡
ʲô˲һڣͼСǰһĺƾڰĶԾȥӷʦ͡
ھϹŲǧ֮
ңǹ±ǧÿλʦһӲͷƤͳɤӵĺ
ָ߼棬ǵһξȻ֮̾ߺ
Ȼ䵽δ󺺵ȴ˱ע⡣
δ󺺵۾̲ססޣСؤӺεõ±
ʣָУһԾͲǸ
ңȻϻôţȴԾĿһڡҵĻԵ
δûٶͣؾͳȥܡ
ǣ˼״ҲĶĸ˱δ󣬽ءȺȫܻܶһЩֵ֣
죡ǧڲھй¶ˣ
ʲôÿʦеĹ±죬𣿡
ȥ£ھ𣿡

ȺܶУŹȺϴЦݵѾ˿ǰΣ
̧ͷŹӰСЦӯӯĽã΢΢һԾĳ˿ڣ
ǧǰܵĲʣʲôˣ±ض𱬣СŮʵǳ룡
һʱ֮ǰ޸ƷѪѺ鶼˳ĴҡƼ
ƹ˵ʯһƷѪԹУˣƹ񻹿ɴзֳһȥҪƼҵš
ǸʱƹĻЦǱżԴڣƹɵۣ
ƾƼҵţⱾôȥ֮Ҳһᱻ˵
˵ʲôرİ취˾ηǣôСһŮȻ͸Ҷôľ֣ƷѪ裬֪ǶٵӲŵһƿɣ
ǲ֣ǴˮƯ
뵽̲סʽã㣬ǲĹŮѽ
ŮһнĵĪǽҵĺ᣿Ǽǧ
ʲôأȻ޷ɢԼ˼άþִ˼
޵ʣֻնĸ㣬ȱǮ˶ѣ
ޣ
ˣ˶ûˣҲˣ꣬㲻ôȥɣ


4 
޿ãķ·ʲôڲϵĳˢ꣬˼֮޺Ȼս˽ãԼķΧ֣
ţ
㡭û߹ң֣޲Ծֺ֮ǰ˵ʱһ䲻˻ȥȴ˻ڣ
úȻסԼͣЦһ
ʶŲԼĿ⣬ðɣòϣǷǰСŮ
ʵ֣
úȻȡԼͷɫͷͬԼһ޵ϣԺҼˣۺʱң㶼ҵڣȥɣ
ǧſֻж̶һ˲ʱ䣬ٲȥͱ
мֲᣬãԼĽŲǧŴ
֣أ
Ȼδǰǧڵֳʿ
ͳһɫ׵ŷտҲĽֵԾܵһɹ죬
ǧͽǶɽ˺ȳһ㣬Ϊʦرʱ䲻̣ꡭ
ʲô
ȥǧŵǰʿӸµĴֻСô
޻ڲϵĻͷվڲԶõĽá
ʿһ̲סһˣʾ⣬˰ˣô֮ǰҲȥ˼̫ѿȻŵСһֱһС
磬һˣ
ι㣡
ʿֱ̧֣ӽ˹Ȼţһɣ
ң⣬ŽʯĽãŵõɴԼ۾
ȵȣǲǸʲô
Ҳŵģúһ
ʿȴţ
ĻԵԵˣƴǲã˵գʿһ־ͽǧڣ
ǰɣεľЩɣֻƵİ
㲻ҪǣƼǴңӦЩˣ޿ñ鲻ʣΪڵ£
ȴֻǻͷǿһЦ
ţҪͽϣǧŵʦϳǳŵĵӣ᲻ᱻԻ֮ȥ
ûУ᲻ֱӾͱɢǣ

ýַŵԼĿڣǿԼɢĿ־塣
о仰˵ĺۣΣǻ
ɽǰ··ľͷǻ
ûɷⳡΣԵģ
Ⱥæھأ
߽òŰοԼǱ߾һˬʵЦ
úͷȥһӢ˲мףͨ͸Ÿ壬úӧסߴЦ߿ŵסԼ֮ͬ˵ۡ
ǿǰʱϵġ
վڴЦ֮ߵİ³֮ÿĶסԼݣԼ˵ĻţֻվԭδԼۡ
治֪Ǻη˳Уǧǰ˶ûˣֱţƤ˵ţм׵ӱ߳ס˽ޣǰģ֪𣿡
޷·ץһ㣬һӾͽӲתͷãƺǽš
ȴ޵ֱʾţͷ˲һЦ֪Ҳ𣡡
ޣݵһֺϷ
˵ʱʱ죬ڽѾǳȻǰ̸һλǽ֣˵λСֵܡһװ磿
Ŷ֪ˣΪʦע𣿡
ǿңҲΪʦעôģ
žͺٽԲԣҪҲߣôóΪһޣ
ҼҾǮ࣬ŽƶҪȥϹǵ۾
ੲݣֻó֣Ҫ뿪
ȻȴܸȤվԭྣ˿ĵ׵ֻʣ

Ǯ
ţԱȵӣ
סλ̨ţأŵ׼˰ɣ
뿪ȴޣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ЦƺܳԽõĹάҲŵ׼˰ɣ
ҡҡͷصԼָ˻ӣʵСҾģ
Ǳ̨ʾǣԺˣǵСѽ㿴Сܶõˣ
Ȼȴ̲סĬ
ڻവꡭ綼Ҫô

ǣôαһˣǣŵİصļһŵģ
̲ס´ãţᣬĻСδţͬж֣
ţ̲סԼ˵˼˵ոϲٲȻһ
Ծ徲ˣ̲סĬĬ˸ĴָҪ˱죬ţģ
ã
˵ʵ⼸ôͲأ


5 
˻ǽǧƵɽ·һͬȥԺ
Ժڣаٰʮ˼УŽͳԼĴɤŸýܣǧſţֻһĺ˻ڹŶŴֻû뵽˻ô٣
յĺðôٵˣֱ
ĬĬԼľ룬״ȴͣճ˹
űʮ㲻ƺʣٻôԺȺɿ𣺡ִָףʵ󵽴һְƶ
ǿˣ
ѽϧǴģǿһĻ˰ɣ
Ŷ޲ùƬļδ󺺣ĬĬԼľ룬ԱʾһģҪƬͺã
һأĲ⣡
ССɧ󣬲֪λʦĻǰдʮ㣬˵Ŀ⡣
˿ǰҲǧŵµӣһڳȫָͬѧõĺͯһ㣬ǰƾճһ̴ľֽī
һɰҫʯһĲһ֣
迼ʯ˼ԼߵĵֽŲϽʱ㡣
㿪Χ˶ʼ˷ܱʼıƴЩдҪֽòͷȥΪ͵ԼŭΧסԼĴ𰸡
µĽã
ģ
̧ͷߵ޿ȥ޻δʣֻĿֽ档
֪й֣㲻ٵǡ
Ѿ⡣
Ҫ׾
ؤʶ֣˵һأⲻǺô
죬Ҫ߽磬ָǰصƼȥԼСǮǮ
žһ죬òĿȥԼұһçʮĺһдˣ
о㵿Ŀг־Լֽǰݸǧŵӡ
ǧŵĬĬһֽǰʧʱǰȴֻʦһ֣
˼ûѡçɵۣԭҪʲôȻǧŵһçƾʧ˵ǰ
۾˲Үǰ
ǧŵˣϸд𰸣ɲĲ⣬Ҫⳤƪۣ
⻰һȫ˺ֽȻûûǧŵ꣬ͼԼհ׵ֽݵǵУ
ԼȸոǸçҪ
Žһδİֽǧŵӣ
ˣôһһ
ܳƪۣ͸ɴཻ׾
ǧŵûսõİ׾ü̲סٴ˵һ䣺
һǧŵǳ˳飬С˲ںεŻ᣿
㻽ͷĵָŽõİ׾˵㣺ٵԼдȥɣ
ҲдֱͦԼ壬
ǼƣһҲᵫɺܽģ
ǧӼ״ǶԼͬĳ˳顣
㵱Ҫ

ǧӲɼ̾Ϣһ˽õԾȴδ룬ʦȻڣ
ǧŵԾõĿҲ˼ֹĻԵ
˵գһֱȥ˵ڶزԵص㣺·ԾԼ˼¡
ȴ뿪Ľã
ⶼУ
ԼǧŸˣ
ǰŲŵҲ˹Žãһ䣺еţ˵Լģȴ˸Ĳһ
ã
ƭӣ˸
⣡ЩȻȴţЦŲһ䣺õأ⣡
ã
˾ͱȽ϶ˣ޵˽һ·ġ
ֹ֮˿ϽõȤڶغ·ԼħʲôԲ𣿴ܹصҲУ
ãǹȥǰɣ
̾˿ٴ꣬ģһ⣡
Ŷڶ׼ôѡ
䣬޾Ͳ廰ڶغգҪֱԼħһѡ˻԰Ȼ뿪һأȴһܰȫ
üǽŵģһޣʲôħֻҪסĸ־ܹء
ʲô޺һʱ俴˽ã
ɵذ˰֣ȫǼٵģ
ϾҲ˵úɣҲţǵ̲סֿһ䣺֪Լħʲôѽ
֪ĵͷһǮ
֪һûһ滰
Ҿܾҵľǿ
Žɷµģ̲סٴγ˳飬֮ܲܶΣ
̰ƺαţǮƽΪʧһȤ
㿴ңס˽ãָԼֵ̧ͷ
Ҿ̫ʼѧŽһߣ
ã
Ҿܾҵĸľǿ
ãģ
Ҳģ㻹棡ȫ棡
ã
Ӳ̫ãȵ飬Ѱ˼Ż˰ɣ
ʱڶؿʼݣ
ǧŸ𿼺˵ĵֱԣֻҪ߹ɻþѵĺ·ɵִǧŴǧʦ𶼻棬˵ֻһ
˵ӻ䣬˰ͲסĵĽ꣬Գ˺·󣬲֪ӺδŨסǰ˵Ӱ
·ԼԼˣô˵һ䣬
ιСƭӣүڳ㣡˵գ˺·ͷŽգ۾
úǺһЦȰɣȸĵϣ
޲֪ʱߵ˽õߣԼ첲ϵĺһΪϵڽõ
ڳ㣬㡭һҪţ˵쳣ᶨ벻ᣬ
ˣҶûȤüʱס޵ɿ飬
΢˼룬ܿ죬ЦˣǸ˰
ϣû˵ʲôͷᶨ̤˺·Ȼɵһɲǣ͵ػͷŽ˵һлл
ԭˣһ׼ߵļƣסԼòĽͣ£ߵߵļƺ׼
ҿָߣ˸ɣŽְ˰֣߰ɣ
ȻȴĬˣĬκĬĬóһŷݸá
ÿû;ܾˣлл𣡡
ȴδԣֱ˽õϣһƣúƱһ˺·
еħûУڽǰģǧŽң
û뵽ȻеϾ󲻶࣬д˾Եǰܲ򱾵ʵף
ã
ô׿ţ׵ˣ
֪Լôģ
л˵
ϲ飬һҪղѽ
ղضõ֧


6 
ûͷֻѾƮƮȻߣԼͷ
ƺ˵л
ã
÷ȣֱ˸ˣ
֣򵥰һŷܹ·ĪǣҲеˣǧͽţ
üǵǧŻŲٵжԵţһֱǧš
ˣ̲ס˲Žսⶼʲô°
ô⣬ʵڲУͰѳŰֱԼǷģ
ʱͨ˳·˽úͽֵǰվڽֵߣ̳ζðСƭӣҾ˵϶ƭˣȻһĵִ˳
ã
ɵӣ
´ֻǱݣҲ֪ڻþʲôѵֻʣһ£۾ͨ죬۽ǻżᡣ
ע⵽õĿ⣬ֱͦԼ壺үһ·ʵǹ̫࣬Ȼ£Ǯȫͳ
ΣүܴȱɣҪ·ٳһ㣬ҹƵùӹĻ˿Ϊѣȫǡ֮š
һСƭҿǷţ֪Σ
ԭֻĵĻȴ뽪õһʯǧˡ
֮ǰаоʦ˵ǲУǾж಻Уȴǲ
ԵΪ˫ΪΣΪһӰ˵򲻻ᱻţֻܿ˾ΪŵӻΪɢޡ
ʵϣа񣬴δԼֻʦĴѹ£ԱľԼ뷲޶
⵹Ȥˣ
ȻܲǺֶΪأ
˼ˣЦЦ˹֣ţĺ˻Ķһˣͣ

ò˵װ˵Ľã֪ΪΣЩ£
½½˵ִ˳ۼʱѵȴδ֣òЩĽ
ǿ˽õĵǣֺȻļ򣬳·һһָӰȻǰ
ޣޣ͵غҲ̧ͷһҧ˳·
ɫȥܲãԼԼһ㣬òҪȥãȴԼˡ
ã޺ȻĬƿԼĿ⡣
Ҳڴ˿̣ſӳµǧʦ߰εģǺһλȻ˵ǰ·ЩΪ޵ùڵأµóڿʼڲ
һˣǧŵӵͷ˽ãڣ
˲˵Ŀⶼ˽ãȴ̧ͷһⳤڵĸɫʦ𣬲ò˵ʦƥģȻ·磬Ʒˣ
ֵֻǣЩʦĪûϳݣ

ǧŵֳߴ˽һõͷĬĬǧŵӵϵ̨
̨ϣһڻ̨ϵˮɢĹâ
ϣǧŵ˽һ䣬
øո׼֣öߺȻһɻģȵȣ
ûδ̧ͷܸܵһƺܿĿ⣬ݱϳˣ
ţող˯ˣɣȻϵǣƺûдͼ
̲ס˳ȥֻһŵĳЦЦĿ
񣡡ʱǧŵֳߴһԼ˼ûٶʲôԼַŵˮϡ
ʼֵľΧʦȫ˵ͷܿ죬ˮҲˣΧ˵̾Ϣ
˫ΪΣҲ޽ٻǿڵģֻǳԤϵǣȻֱʣԶԶ˸ող
ǡ
뷲죿
һۣԭ˵ʦ˿̶˱Ϲۣ޾ϲ׼˳뿪
˭ϣһʦȻڣԸΪҷŵӣ
ã
ǹҿ壬ôҲǸŵӣҲ֪ǴʲôʦҲ˿ڣ
֣ҩҲ
ô˵ǷҲһ
Ϸ弤ҵĿļʦĬĬԼĿͶǸӡ
ǧŵӼõĿȥ̲ס˵һ䣺ǱŽӣ˼òͽ
֮⣬Ҫý´Ӽѡ
ȴֻóʦ˹֣ʵҷδ壬Ըţ
˻һԭֵĳðʦϸԼ۾´˽ã
㣿ǧŵӴδ̲סɴԼ۾ⶼһˣȴԸš
⣬ҵģ
ʵʵ뷲죬ȻˣһǸԸصһ⣬ԵͬԤıλʦȫ
ԱϣĸϷ弸λʦߵһߵȻԼĿȴʼնŵ˽ӵϡ
ֱӻæ
Ȼһļλʦ϶˼ֲãȻȴȻЦˣ㵹̹̹ϧˣһȥɣ
ȻɶѿڣλϣҲ˵ʲôֻҲĬĬͷ
ǧŵüͷ˵ȥߣȥ˵ڴҲ࣬Ⱥڴˣһ֮һͬɽ
̳ӹ˹֣л
ڶǰȥˣ
ϲ̨ǰȻͷ˽һۣһŵı顣
ãôر𲻺õԤУ
ڲϣֱʶȥʦ̲סǽõǵǼֱţ
룬ǵ޵ĺӱ
Ըҷ壬״ӣһ˿ڣ
ȴʼ磺ǽһǮ
𣺡
˼˰⣬ǿڻһ䣺⡭ֻҪţԿ㣡
õģҲԸܾĸɾ䣬
ɫ˲Ȼ࣬
һƬȻʲôȻܾ˽𣿣ǿ𣬶˰ųµӣǰ˾Ȼ˲ľܾˣ
ҷδ壬һֻԸһƶ֮ţԵͬԤıλʦȫ˵Ҳʦߵһߵ
⼸һ˵һģһߵݣ֪ΪΣʦĿ۵˵ڴҲĽϡ
ǿƵѹ̲סýõ˲ģֻһ뷨ˣˣ
һһ֣˲˰ɣ


7 
δȽٿ˵ʲôӺȻһ䣺ϷδǴϴκŴŶͽҲȥ˰ɣ
ЦĻһ䣺ǰǸŸͣû˼
Լĺӣ㵱治Ը
Ը
һȥɣ
л
ӳ˽õԱߣرĶŽһ䣺ûĴ
ã
ǧŵʦôûһĹͷ
ˣǽ֣
ȴ̨ûϣֱӾͳʦ΢һ֣ҲԸ
˻һǧһκˣڸʦⶼַ졣
Բۣʲôһһţǧ˳ȻԸţԵǺܶ࣡ҪҪ˻·ˣ
һƬУĬĬԼľ룬˼벻Ҫˣ
ģ޹
ѾվҪֵļƣδ˵ʲôӵͬѹһ£ʲôʲӵ֣һȥһȥ
ﻰⶼڲסûٶʲôֻٴγӹ˹ֺǧŵӹ죬ֱ˽õߡ
һһңͽְѽüУ
ȴֻǰһۣȻٴΣ֮ľ롣
ҪƬǣҪǣ޹
ΪոյɧԿõĿﶼӻϽ͵ǣǧŵҲ֪ǹ⻹żȻĸˣޡ
޽ڲԵĲˮϣȻ֣͸ө⣬һ޺ӡ
Ȼ֮ǰͬǣλȫһͬʱ˽á
ˣ޺ͬòЩ𶼲Ҫްɣ
ôһ룬ЩѰ̲סٴοӣһΣȴûӣֻǶްĦųӡ
޷·Сվڲ̨ϵ˰죬ҲûҪ
֪ΪΣʶ˽á
յĿĽã̶㵸㣬죬άǣ
ջԼĿ⣬˼һŽһݣ̹ԣԼҪΪһޣǽӣɷΪͽ
һֱһԼš
Ȼһû˵Ҳû˵գֻغ˿ڲ衣
ԸʦŸտڣý߸ϵһ䣺Ҫţ
ĵ˵ͷ
ˣȴɨ𣿡
ƺҪĥһĥ޵İüͷȥɨӣе㡭۸˰
ҡԥϾǸ溢ӣЩʲôȫдϣһĿȻ
žһ죬ֲ̲һ䣺ô㲻Ը
Ǵǿͷ޴ӦһԼĳӡ
ٴο˽ãÿ˿ޣֿ˿λϵĽһΣûٶ㵸
޲Ը˴뿪׼
Ȼһ̾Ϣ֮󣬽һԼĺһ𣺡ôһˣЩС
ˣԸţ¹ŵӣ
ӵĻＰѹһڶŵмͨһ¾͹ˡ
ӿĺ˻ľɡֻһűɳ׷ǧ˵һĶδչһͽڶٵӽ׺޲ſԵõӵĴָһ
ֻеСؤȻֱܱΪµĹŵӣ
һʱ𾪡ʡŭ޿״Ŀͳͳӿȥ
ͷӣǲޣǧڸ´ڶ࣬ʦǣԽȥһʲôûеС⡭಻װɣ
ߣͽ벻ۣѵżʦҲ벻ô
֮⣬ͽ˵ǸµĴӲѾΪһֻ֮ǰҲֲϺš
ԣСؤƾʲô
Ȼ˵һȴûֻޣһ䣺Ը
˼룬ȷӦһʱ͸˵񣺡Ը⣡
һڣǺԼǲѻȥȫ
ⲻԸԸ¡˵ʲôֱվһ̧֣һѷɽֱָ޵š
ɽδ˵ް֣޵üĴ죬˲׹ˣСؤȻģ
ټģֱǧһĽ޺Ӱ
ȴֻǺٺһЦԼλϡ
⣬棡뿪˵Щʲǫֻ̂һҹ
ãһǣͷƣ˼ˣֻһͷСѾͷܸҰ
ѵûв˿̺޲ùĿô
ǾܾôĹơ
źߣһյö˵һ䣺ܸҰ
͵ˣƽô
һ𰡣Ȼûͷȴһ޿֣üʾУ

ܺãҪԶһˣ
ˣŰɣڽöҵУһѽԼ࣬ĵĸ˸λ
Ҫ˵ʲôȴһ죺ʦ
ޣ
Īеů
ѣӳŽڵķŬŬ죬޵ͷȴҡҡͷѡͽãô
ʦһͬ룬֮ȷıҲܵš
޲ôһ䣬ӾͳһЦǰһ˵лԵ
ʱ䣬Ҳиǧ˰ɡ


8 
ǧ֮ǰ쳹磬ɼɫۣ֤һսؽԲɡߡʩ˫˫䡣
һսʩƴӡ˼ħؽΪȻﶼʦͽսͲ꣬δǧٵð
ֻɷѽǣһսԵʣϸϸ׷ȥΪ˷һŮɶ㲻ϵѰ˼Ůӡ
ɺǣһʦͽս֮Ѱ˼ŮӾѱǰʩؽĨȥ޴Ѱ
ӵʱЦֻ֮һ䣺ֻʱȻתҡͷȥЩţ򶼸ûˣ
ʦ
΢΢ػ꣬վԼյСɴżֲ⣬ٴΰԼĿŵͷܿԼС
ʱ䣬ҲõֻصʱˣֻһΣûʩİģ粻֪ɸʲô
̲ס̾˿Щ£β
ָֽԼĸǰӷĨһԼĺӣֹһ䣺ϼһȥˣô겻ɢ
ǧͽϣҲ鷳ֱһ֣޾ȥ˰ɽ
ƺЩӦôǿתͷסһǿ˰컹ûסһء
ӻͷһЩв̵Ϸ򵹰ˣ
ҧԼأû£ʦŻ
ҡҡͷתóһɵ޵ϣһȥӻ֮С
תۼ䣬ȴáѾŵӵָ´Ӵ˹ӾԼĺӣȻҲڿ֮ûбþǰһݡ
ӵŽȿڣˣҲȿڣ˾ô۵С۵ĸɵ˰죬Ӳſһ
ֿԼǸһٴһԼĺӣ˵˵ɣԶţΪ£
İԼĿŵ˽ϣץץԼͷпһ䣺ⶼǻԵţ
Ӳһû˳ԵʾͷƤ飬뵽ԼǸ鷳ѡ
ӱ۾ϸ˼κ󣬼ɱųĬ̲סһһ䣺ǻԵ㿴ԼĻԵһҲ⣿
ŷһ䣺𣿡
ӣ
ʦ޴˹ƺڽúǲᣬһ˹ȥԺȥűɣ
ţ
㶣õıԳһ飬ҪֻǹͻȻ
ɣⶼǾۣû˵ʲôõֱͦӸһݣֱллɵİæʲôҪĵطܰһ
ԭҲ˵˵ѵģܰɶæȴû뵽ӵûһҩ飬ֱԼҪһϵ񵤣ʶأҩɣ
ҩĽã͡Ӳͽָ
ȥ׼ô
ҲûϲϲĽⱾ飬Ȼ󷭿һһбҩж෱ӣҪЩҩҪԭϣûмǴĻһζǱǵôϹĶɣ

ɫӵĿӣζҩʲôʱҪ΢΢һЦʾԼ֮չأζҩҵչس֮ٸ
Ҳǣ͸Ҳ
ͷӣ۶ɻ󣬵ҲûʣӱЩֱԽõĻԵǧţǧŵײʺã
ԱϾ׼뿪޻ãֻ⻹⣬һ䣺ʦ𲻻鷳ɣ
һ㶣תͷãò֪뵽ʲôǲ֪ʲôһһ䣺鷳鷳
Ǻߣüֱ֮ã
һϹҩ黹ӻӰｫһʺݺݵļؽʩͷϣԼĺӣһֻѾãСܡ
΢΢һЦֶӰһݣٲȻѾ⡣
бһۣ֪ԼС˼ѾӿЩεĵͷֱ׳ģһҲΪԼд
һ޵ٴο˽һԼǸһһֻۣĳԼƽӣԺҪɵ򣬹ʶЩ߷߲ƽľ޵ʹˡ
Ҳߺǰ۽飬Ͳֱӹڽǰְ֣ɵŮɣ
ǧźò飬ⱾϹҩ飬ûҩʦֱӸ˽ãҪй¶Ͻõ鷳ǧҩʦǵѪӶӺ޸ա
˵ó˻ԼСָԴǣҪλɵŮһֻһ£
ʲôŹ⣬
ƽ۾ûգһ£Ǿֻǳֳ飬
Ϊɶ㰡벻ͨǿӰһﰥھȻôƽ׽˵ĸ
룬ⷭ˷飬аĪЩꡣ
ԼǻԵ
аһӸûܳżΣǧţȻҲûκλȥݼ߽ύЩˣԤУаȥɹ£أ
ʲôԵСүҲһݣ˵Цһǡ
Ҳ֪˭ǿԼһֻԸһƶ֮š
һֱĬһĽִ˿ȴȻǰóһŷֽݵ˽õǰŷֽⱾϣ췭صı仯
ٴ֣ôôõķѽ
û˵÷ĺܣҲûͽֵлȾߣûŹᣬͰ͸˽õһ·߶߶
һߣƼӣ
׷ŽöĳŴʦַ켰ʦƼ￪᷿
ƿŷƼƹõϢ;÷ƣѾôˣԭΪаڿĻ
ôԶ·Ҳ֪ǹ·֮ˣ˾öģ
ԤУ㽫ôڣܳܵġ
ʦַѾƼƹˣƼƹ쿴Щ겻ᣬԭöһģȻ˿ȴֻ򷢵һ㡣
εĿ죺ôϢ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˿ݵϢǻƳһʱ䣬ټϣǧſͽ
ԼĿŵƵϣȻ飬ǵжôҪȥǧżʶһڳһֱչȻҲ޷ǧš
ʱ䣬ǧŵʢᡭ
Ļſ˸ͷͼѾɵƼƹ񣬰ԼϵһЩǮƹģƹԼСʦãæշһ¡
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ѹ벻ü尾
ŮĻԵǸɶһҿŶҲգ


9 
һЦֻСʦѾˣһٻЩǮǺõġ
뵽ȴǣòҪǧŵĵ̣ǧţǸ붼ýҫ۵ĵطаô䣿
ƹƸǮ֮ʱǡиС˵ײײܽƹһסСˣô׵û
СҡҡͷûУ֮ǰѡ˳ҳǴˣ˵һأ
ƹص̾˿һӣУȥȣ
ǶʮʯţҲǱʺƣʯҪ׬ǮĴУƼٵҿǷԸģҪ
Աϣƹ񼱴Ҵҵ˰ȥ
ɺټƼӵƹô»šϸȻ֣ǧŵĵ̣ܹƼƹ񾪻ŵƱҲǧڵĸˣǵˡ
ֻͨƼƹߣֻʶ֮أ
ҲܹԲΣ
ô׼ƼƹĲȴɻĿơ
㲻Ƽֻ̼֮ңȴЩǧ˿ƵϵºͣҪƽƼҵȴ֪һٶԽĽ
βƼ֮𣬵ֻ֮ǰм£˭Ҳû˵ԼĪǰʦУȥƼٵҼ棬̸һ̸˭֪ŶûͱƼҵ⣬߷߲ƽıʾƼҲͳźƼ֮
ˣҲûʦʾԼ취
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һаɫͱ˱䣬óĺܷаЦЦ
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ҲˣԼծǷģ߶߶ģΪɶһ·
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𵱳˵Լĸ֮໰ò룬ԭ˵Ļôʵ
ǮҲ
ΣΣŽõ䣬ֻ

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ðԭ̾㣬ءû˵꣬ͱ鼱֮£һ˸ʳ
ּ״ĬĬԶһ·˵ƬҪ˼޹
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Сƭӣۣһ·飬ȻôңңȻң֪֪ҡߣ˰ɣõǹǵģٳһʱЩ˿ŻԵ˶ˣ
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ٺ٣ð˱飬һֻȮĸ˽õ
̲סͷʹһԼĶͷǵôһҵɵӣ
һƼӣҹóƼƹǾĲһ̸Ĳң趼ţɢһ㡣
ƹã۵ؤı飬ƹԸпھҲרȥŪһͷģǧɱ
Խ룬ƹԽ֡
֮ǰ뽪Լõĳ㼸ʯɵ
ʦ𣬹ʮı飬ÿ2ʯʮʯҴȡһʣʮǧʯ
ƹı˱߸߽ãΪ̫ʶ˼ۣԭƷʯΪƷʯ
ƹĻ飡ú⣬
ۣСƭӣƭңʮǧƷʯ㹻һСʮ˰ɣ
ԣǧĴɣһһʯҲʮƷʯټӼǧƷʯɣ
ɵһĿ⣬ֹƼƹ
ЩʯҪһɸ߼ʯأǡҼУ仰Ƽƹ˵ԭ򣬸ᣬƼٵ˴£Ҫһ֮ˡ
գգ۾ע⵽Һ棬һ䱻ĲңƺڵĻظ
ǽ΢΢һ˼Цƹ񣺡УÿøҼ
л˵
ҾǸСţ


10 
ķףƹĻƼҴл磬֮ƹĻ⣬ԸƼҺƼӶ˳ΣƹæĽԤȾ׼õĻ˵˿ڡ
ӽǿƼƹ϶ǰСŮǸ֮ˣ䲻֪֮˭Ҳ㹻𾴲ӣҲûӣϵĽƼҺ˳
ôϸϸ˼һƼƹ䲻ã㹻
ƽʱûӦˣóƼƹһҪȥʲô˸ƼһĹƼҵĵˡ
΢΢һЦȻ˶ˣһ㣬ǶԲԼ
ǣֻù裬һڣЦЦĿƼƹһ䣺Ȼ⣬ֻƹĻǣҵԼ˿
Ƽƹ˽һʱֲóʱԼǸ߸ϵģΪǽڼǳŵƼƹõǸù׼õľƣԼ롣
ЦЦǺĻ꽫ôʯ䲻ԼˣʤԼˣƹģ˵𣿡
Ƽƹﻹž룬Լ۾ոչ̫ڵЩ룬ȵȣòҪǸǡҪ뵽Ƽҵȥ
ߣҪƼΪԼһ
ֻǵĺϻ⣬⵹Ǽ򵥣ҪƼҵƼƹ֪ԼĲ˰壬ҸҪǷġ
˽֮ƼƹҲҲǣѰ˸ͷææȥƼٵҵķｫøոյĻ˵Լٵ
Ƽƹߺ۾ͺ˽ˮһճ˽õϡ
ոաںƼҵƹ̸⣿ԽԽԼٿһħô棬
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Ƽ˼ΧȸŶ׹ݸżҵĹϵɵйƼҶˣҪƼĳƵۣڸƶطһ֡
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ôóԷҲ̽ĵߡǺϻ⣬һֶơ
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һЦĲͷ죡
Ƽƹǰֽݱʵ壬Ը֪ãƼδʱҪƼҵˣȥһƼҵϾͿɺˡ
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ƼѪѰ˿еĲ죬ֻÿƹŶ֮
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еٲľרƼҵľ֣ʶԸƹģҪһеĻ֮ˡ
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Ȼ񼸷ȴòûٵ˾СŮǱʲô᲻úײǣӲǰסȽǩ󣬲¡
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˭֪ǧ˾䣺滹һ飬ͷҾͰⱾд㣬ɴĽȥԴˣɣ
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СŮĪǧɳŵĵӣ
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11 
磬ŴʦַյƼƹϢ˵ҵ˳ǧվ
첻ɫĿһۣɫбֻ֮ļ򣺡ֻżȻȥ
ʦֶʲôǻǿȥڰɣǧŵŲͬаһŻˣ˵תߣȴֹסķƣǧվаȥʲô
վԶԶأƺͷܿǧŷĵеĴԼ
ȵţԼɷǰҪСʦаϢ
ԭǧŵĵӶԴ̬ȻͰȻԳ֮˲Χ˵ɫ
ðԭʦ֣һ˸̲סüһ壬ʶ˼ǡǰ״̽
ȥŽǲ𣿡
˵ʲôֵĿǧվĵӣֻڵһһĸ֪аǵǧŵĽŭֳŵҪ˵
콫ڵСʦý
ۼһԲϣԷŽΧסֻȵͷǧŵӽ͵֪˺£ʵǶ˳ҲΪλϢܹ
Ļû˵ֻ꣬һĽѾ䵽ࡣ
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һ֣ܲվǧŵӴӦֻ֧ϵȻȻŵӣȻ֪˽һ¡
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аΣ쵹ģֻɫ԰׵ƣζȥǧŰݻһˣŽʵ֡
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ȻǰЩӸڣ˭ֿһԡ
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а£˾ʧ룿
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ȻԶԶأ׷ǧŵӷŭĺԺĪǧţ
ûһδһΣ
ǧʲôţʦʦЬ䣡

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֮ǰˢĵϢݵǼٵġ
΢΢üĪǧڣиа˴ǧŵ棬Żǧŵ˴󶯸ɸꣿ
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žһһߴ˲豭ȴɳĬһջģ䷴Ų
ģʲôһֱѹȴ˵һ㡣
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Ȼһ䣬ׯƼҵĲҵ
ֵĿ˽һֻۣ΢˵ͷ
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ǰŲߣŵзһ׷˳ȥҲĲյǶȥ
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ۣһˮڵϸ죬ɻ̧ͷȴԼӽڵһָģ

ȿȿ
֮ǰԲЩɶ
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12 
㡭
Լüģ֣صĿѸոյĻ˵һ飡
ûʧ̬Խ˼֣²鵽ǳŵĵӣ

Ȼǳŵĵӣֺο໨ôǮȥԼŵˣ
Ʒʯټ֮ɢǿΪҫǰͼӴ׵ĵ;˵ƱػСķˡ
ʲôںҲǺ죿
ţϸ룬ŶˣǰƺܾС̸⣬ꡭǾȻܹյôµĵӣ
в鵽ΪϸϢô
Ʋͷ˰һ̵ۣͷ񵹹һ֮ǰ鵽飬һԻ㱨˳©ʲôϸڣ
ʱһŵӣӵֱаʦڵģһֱɨĻƣϢ˵Ϊʦһ֮±뿪š
ʦ¼ӳţΪľѰλаȥ
ٵңȥǸСŮųŵ˿һǰ˳ŵĵӣ
˵ȴĶֻһûһµָǰĲ
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㡭ѵ׼Լһ˶һŸ𰡣
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ɢڽÿҪһ˸ɷŰ־Ȼôĵý뿪
ƺ룬ְд֣û£

ڽ֣ȻƹĻҲûзֵʵԲֻһɢô򵥡
ʱĬֻɽ񣬴һ¶ᰥӴһ֣
߹⼸ͽĴţȴƫƫӰΡ
ϴǻ˺ǸϽ𣬲ųžеӷ߷߲ƽ׷Ҫ䶼ûץֱӱָɷһȺ
Ȼڽ˵Ǳû£ӦãҲû˰ɣ
֣Էһ̾˿ҪĵȽû
˭ֿ֪⸱ģȻǰд˾䣺Ҵ㣬ȥ
аֵ
죬ȥڳųӣ
л˵
ףһµĴ󱦱ǶְнƲ~


13 
ϪˮϣúĳŶʦݹձ
ǵӣù˻֪ʦֺʦѾ˴һٵ顣
ò˵˳ˣθڶˡ
ձҲ͸żζ
ĬĿŽôڵĳԼݹȥձ²Ծӿ𼸷ɬ
´Žãô˵ϴ·Ӧò汻˸۸ˣԶưɣǱ˸۸ˡ
һʱ֮䣬֪Լʲô뽪ý¡
ԵʦǼ״ȿ˿ڣеᣬûһƤ
Աˣǻȥɣôôԣǵ䵱ǷǮ
ҲģǮѾˡһˣƾ˺Щģ̫˰
û˵꣬þһձԼûҭ
֣ǡҪչԼȰĵһ㽪õıǼ⣬ֲŸոմþһձֱµġ
ãޣȿȿȿȡ
һעԼò΢ǣ

ʵɱУ̲ס˼
ܣֱ÷ȷסԼСʦܵ͡
ǡŸô֪꣬ӺδһƮƮķͷɵ˻ץϣºˣûˡ
ڣԶԶأһһѽûԼŭĿǣ

ǣȻңȻң
ãȿȿȣҺã³ˣ
ʦã¡Ǻˣ˹֣
ͬʱʶؾע⵽Ǹɢޣ֣ȥһһʽ񣬵ֵǣ˵¶ȡ
ʽǴ˾Եвǳĳ˵ʽ񡭡ԭֱҪ
˼ˣ˰̲סְԼĿŻص˽õϣһˣνʶЩ˵ģ
û°ɣûʦãʲôʦãڴӦôʦãߣ
̸ʱǿӣͺ޲ߣӰһ١
˳ʶסֱۣȿȣȣôˣ
ѽ۾һһСǣ
̲סҪĬ˼룬δڶ˵ʲôͼĽѾǰһӥСһ㣬ൽһȥˡ
ˣԾǰһ뽪֮ľ롣
ʦܵģ
Լ˼ֻȵͷãһȥɣ
֪ԼΪλڻԼｪò˵Ǯ֮Ҳһð
ŽãȴһûС
бۿһۣȥܿ죬ʦҲٵˣ
ǧŵ飬͹æˣ
ü֪뵽ʲôȻԼ½óһŰ㲻ȥĻҪҪһȥһ
˵ڣԵסˣԼסˡ
ô£
õóɺܸȤ
ǣʦǰ˵꣬еİͱǸˡ
ʱڻһ㣬仯˷סԼķ䣬ݺݵĿã㲻ȥ
˵ʲôأеĶü
ʦΪǺεţȻһȥǶۣ
п벻ͷҲԿƵķȻôأ
Сʦһ˴⣿
˼ǣȥ
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תͷȥֽһǰûӦ֮ʱֱӾͰеİ˹ȥ
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ǿǧŵĴǣ˵ǽŰȥǴʦַԳ¶ѵһΡ
ʦѰݻʵ˶˿
ڽÿڿ˵Լȥ񲻾ǸЦ
ҡҡͷ֪Լʦܵ˼
ſҪֹⳡ־֮ʱȻͱʦ͵ץסֱۡ
ˣԼȥʦǲȥΪҪһҩġҪԴұΣ
ЦЦĿã
ҲЦЦװûаζֻңôң
ϸۣİ˼Լ°ϣͷЦúһֻǧһĿǡ
ģ´⣬Ůеģʵοˡ
ǿþԾЩ񣬵ܿѹһȥҪһЩ£ԽֶŪ/
ΪΣ
һڣ
Ͼǹȥа飡
Ӧˣ뿴ǰŮηӦ
еĻȸԾûг֣ǰŮ·ʯһǲ̱ض
ã
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õĳĬԵֻըëèһ㣬һ˵ӣС
ҪܿϣۣԴ˫ĿԱףˣ
ԣԴ˫ĿѵͽֻȲСô
ԽԽεסˣûĳˡ
̲ס˳飬ò˵ģʵҲʶֵĶԡ
ˣ
ͬһļžУҪӽûİ
ºҪʦҲúأȥҴһҪٶˣ
˵ô໰Ȼǣ˸ա
òûлСһֱӽ˫һأصԼ
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ǾԾ˼֣Ҫ˵ʲôֻǼٴδ
Ȼȥʦα
üҲ˼Ҷ֪Ǹɽ󣡡
аһ
ٻͷʱȴԼҵСʦò֪ʱѾֱˣԵİˣӦֱ˷䣬ԲŻߵôϢ
ԭأ˼ǸʽӾŶߵĵУûʹԼСʦá
ǣʦֻ˵ʲô
ҿаǰˣأֺαصģ
س
΢΢ĿԷ߷߲ƽʦܣ֪ΪΣ˿Цˡ
õĵˣѵô
ΪҪ˵Ϊ£
ȶͷѵӦöô
һ仰ǵӣʦ㣡ָӲһֶ˵ڡ
˶̲סڶɴవһ䣬ֱԼճţ˿
аҲˣôڻڧ?
˦˦Ҫߣƫƫȴڶһ׷ʹ򣺡˵֪ʦģ뿴ʦٴ
ô
ˣȻŰɣһģ
ţǴסԼ뿪Ĳ
ػͷֻһ䣺ʦ֣ȥɲģ
ȥ۶˭ģ޵ǽȴһ㡣
ɫ
ǷٴЦʦ֣ɲҪԻˣҪˣ֮ǰƶģ
ƶҲʦã㵱˵ֻһʦõģ
ôҪԸ뷨Ϊа
ֵ𣿡


14 
Ĭ˰ΣûͬҲûз
ֻ̾˿
ǵˣȻҵǾȥ켰ƶǻϰɣʱʵڲǿаҲͰˣ
ˣǵͷóڵĴ
˭֪켰ƶǱһҵаý
ǼҵؽֱӿѺ£
ѹֲסĻ˼صġѺ֡
̲סü˷һ䣬Ƿ˺£
ã̾ϢŴӴǱߴ
аǧ׷ɱ
ʲô
뾪ǧţǿʵ֮ϵĴǣȻűŵͽ׷ɱ
ν׷ɱʦ׿ڶ£ĿĲݣȫͽҲյͨ
ǧǴţӸǱ鲼ĺ˻ģ׷ɱҪ׷ˡ
аͬͨһɱǳ飡
ˣ
뿪ڵǣаȻΪһγţʶɢɵĺû
뵽вǳɢޣƶǱƭȥʲô£˵Ⱦ뵽˴֮
Уܷаһٴȥ
ǣаǧţԺǧŽύƶɲȥǧһô
аôһͣƵаˡ޿ˡ
ͲԳţ׻ûбͷ£ԲŸ޼ɵǻ
ԽԽԿ˾Ծ뿪ڵУðȥ
˻һ㶣ܿȻˡ
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仰˵꣬ƺƿ˵ԴǱߴȥ
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аֻҪһĵϣ˵ǧŵĵ֪̾
ǵʱǧҪаʲôǶܲš
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ʱԼʦһŵǸǧŵ棬ٴγͷаȴ£ܳûǧŽύ
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ô˵䵽ȥ׷ɱľء
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˵˵ֿʶ뵽ϴʱĥѣǸʱа˿԰׽ٵķƵ׽١
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ǰһס֣ǰʦ֣ôãѵΪԼǰô
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ɡܽô
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ȻʦµŵӲòӡ
׷룬Ǳóķ䣬֪ͬаǧͨϢһôݷ׷аȥˡ
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ԹһУ̲סҡҡͷ
ûǽʲôóԼĽֻһš
һߣ
ֻһ㣬мȵ䵽˽õֱߣ׾ͽֽݷ
ʲôչͷȻдаܣΪǧŶ׷ɱ
׷ɱʲô⣿
ϸܾǧŵĽȻǺ˵㣬ҲǸƥһխ
οʱ׷ҲֻǿȥĺŵӰˡ
ԡ
Զﴫúܵܽһ䡣
ǵȥʱ˵ҲֻȥǧŵĽ𣬵󵽵ôҥǧ׷ɱ
̾˿ˣ׷ɱ׷ɱɣ֪ⲻĸ֡
ۣȺɵӲΪ㱻׷ɱ˰ɣڽԱߣЦֱ
˶٣һ뵽ʱʦͰ͵ǧŽȥġ
ȻǧŽһ±Ƶʲô׷ɱ
ʦٻֵ̿һ䣺Сͽа£
ûճͽܵǧŽ᲻öԷҫָһٴ˸ȥ
ڣƵúܾ
Ц˶Уò֪Բ˺־磬ֻɵһĿ
ЦˣֻС̹һͰ͵ĴյߣŽŵıɫ͵һ䡣
Ŷܿ½ʿһһţǿϹˣƷҲǧŽǸƥˣ
ۣƭңóƷɣôܻСţ
ã
ʣҲ֪
ܾѾ˵Ұһ㣬ֶס
ȻƷɲǼ̻ͬҵȼ
ü˺ȴǡײ˽ֵϣ
øǸͼҲóһŷݵԼǰ
ɫ
ܵȺǲ˲ѵĳ̶ȡ
üԼĶ䣬һ졣


15 
ôнɫ䣿
ԣǲΧʿ㣿
Ī׷ɱģ
һ벻ͨôּƷ

ϴģֻ˵ռһ㡣
üŽֵݵԼǰķ䣬˻ȥ־ôĽֵݵõǰµļơ
ι˵һߣ·Ͳǲ̫ˣҪݺݵĿԼҵ
Ȼע⵽ڽ󣬻ʼʿڴϢĽá
ߣүˣԼŰɣ
һתپǰ飬֣һҪļơ
үҪˣ
үʱϣú屾үİ취
УҪǡ
˵ʶʿˮүˣųеն첻ȿȣԼŰ
ү
ү˹
˵ͷҲصܿˡ
Ȼֱܵ˽µ֣һͷŷ֣֣˭Ҳûи˼

׶ύһȺʲôѰ
£ʼʿؾش£ϥسȭ
̾˿һͷȴ쳣һ߸ϲµģ
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ͶУǣͶ˭
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ʿ˵Ȼּһ䣬ֻҪܿ볤ȥңϻʵһߣ⽫λֱӷϡ
⡭ʼʿɴ۾
ȴЦЦྩڣ˭֣һͷȥһԼԴ뱾ΪУֵֵ
ʼʿ̲ס˳飬Ҫô˵أ
һδϴ龫ĵͷĵɻʦǵĹͷֵǷꡣ
Ҫĸ֣ӹܱĻԼС
ʼʿֺȻһ䣬ӸʱȥĸȻڹȥĸȴһֱΪ
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ƷתƷƼңһҲֻõóôʮң˵ǻƽһŶΪ
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ô
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ˣһһէģ߰ɣȵ뿪ˣֽ
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ͽܣŴᣬѵܿǵ¶棡źǧŹϵãҲ֪ôϵģ
Ϊһ룬̾ͻشĴ𰸡
ǧǼң顢ҽȻǲǧ֮¡
ﻹŰնȣõĻӦ˶ŴԼͣ·ʽãôСˣô߶߶
̲סԼüģ㲻߶߶Сɣ

ٵİնº鼤ʽãôȥô
Ҫ˵ͨŵĽύ϶ῴģȻҪ֤Լأǿ϶Ҫصף
ûõ˵ͷаļʱȥݻǷ졢һȥġ
˸ŸŻŵˣ֮ͱչ
ٳأΪһԾ˴ʦַ졣
ԭºаëǮϵûУƫƫȥǵʱײڶ߿࣬а˾仰ͱƺһʹ˸Ѫͷ
ҲˣΪ£ʦ˸״а˱̣ԼСһ£ԭȥƶţǡøƶɽ١
һһôް
ˡײ϶ɽ١ٴα
һϿЩξĻ棬ֻתҾ¥С˸ëʣڰ϶дϼֺ󣬾ͽ÷˳ȥ
ţͰѰͳȥˣϸ𣿡ñĪ⣬ҲԾĸŽеһն춼ˡ
˭룬仰˵꣬ڰƺõĳЦڱˡ
ǵʲôأ
ɢ޶㲻ϰɣ֪ʲôСţȻҲҪȥݻ
ȵȣ㣡
Ȼ㣿
ͷﻹŰֻն죬ˣֻ΢һ䣬̾ͳŶⲻô
ޣ²Ž˼ˡ
ǵôܾԼʦ뿪˵ȥ׷ҪһСӣСԵĻ˸ء
ⲻͿֲ´ĸͳͳءءʳʳ
ӻҪȥԽԽɴ൱˸ģܰݻҾ͵ָǿͷ
仰䡣
ֱ߳صİдİݻʱ估·֮ء
ޱתͷӦ䣺
ţİɣ
л˵
ˣղһ𣿣QAQ


16 
䣺
ôûзôͽˣ
汾˵ĳһǺȻײһǽ㣬ֻӲ˻ȥ
һֱǳ˸ɫ͸ڡз̡
ն춼ΪЦˣ˱ЦÿΣһͷڣһ֣ˬ
ˬˣ
ûôģ
ӲѹԼŤı飬ۿ˺죬ЦЦĶ䣺˵㻰ͷүүǿһ
һʱ侹Щ޷ˣȻںԼոΪô죡
İǡøǿԵʦֲ̿ΪѣǰһȥĿȴǷŵ棬СССްĽϡ
øǿ΢΢һȻ겻󣬵һ˫ĺͫȴͬԭϵӥһ㣬ƺһ۾ܿǵͼ
øǿǾܱô
õİô
ۣ͵סԼͣµʱһ̲סһЦ׶¥˶
ò˵ȻԼѾ춾ˡ
˽Сƭӣǲǹعǰˣ󵶡ԲԸʰ·硣
˵ˣҹ򣡡
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ʦ֣ʦܣŵӼˣϾһʹı顣
üë֣Ⱥһʲôʱôˣ
ͷһ󼸺ǽѹһֱǰĶ˽ã֪λԺţ׾λҸǵǸ
û˵һһʾˣǴдͲǼƽˡ
˻һԭѾöĺŵԽ߷߲ƽ
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СóԼֻҪλϰǣպŵĴˣ󣬾ƴǣ
ιιιûʲôҪǵģҲȫðǵæɣ
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˻һŵɫǺȻʲôܱ˸Ҵһ㡣
ȥȻΪĵҩȥģⲻʲô£
Ψֱŵܱ¶ԱߵʦҲһ䡣
ŶԼĵĽ˽ԼߵĲˮƺںŵһ㶼⡣
˲뵽δȥģҲһҩģ嵥ҩĵҩһζףҲ֪Ҫȥʲôġ
ú˿ڲˮƵĵ֪ˣлǴ
ɵۣ
лл伤ؼָÿ˸ͷܿڽõĿ´Լгˡ
Щˣ˶ģ֣һͻը
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˳ŽõĻƽˮȻһɷǳõԤУǰɡĪǣһǳԵɢﷹ


17 
ʶһһ룬һȽһĻӣ
ûȽ÷Ӧֱڵأסȡ
֮֮ϣǻʼʿܰԼӸɳ
õ岻ܿƵĽ˽ѹԼһŰһ߷ɵĳ嶯ҧгݵ
һ¸飡˵ûƤûһ䣺˵Ӻ͵죡
̲סһ¡
ִûôôĺ顣
ʵ˵ʵûûƤôΪҵϱȽ͡ϾסҪҲһֱ¡
ڣΪŵĵȥôܴ
ȣ÷Լ
𣡡ȴشúӲһԽһ߶߶֪㿴˽ֶ֣ܰѽɫĸ㣬ʱ϶ҲҪһȥģ
ҲܣҲܣС쵰ܾôң
ô˵Ҳһǧųսѣôҡ
һ˵Ⱥŵĵӣйڣһߣʱҿ϶ᱻ׷ܣ
أ𣿡
˵εͷȥޱ飬״һ¶ᰥӴһɽ񣻽ö΢΢һЦ֣ģ
һóûԼȶ
ǰɣôĺݰڨڨվԼžһһڽöˡ
֪ȥɶһҩǹ
ϱСүңɹƭ죡ֻҪһ̾˼ڣʹȥ
ǽһתǧأݺݺ࣬ƹʿëĽ壬˹һ
ò̰ìͷָ˽֣㶼ܴˣΪɶܴѽ
⽪ûᣬشĺܿ죺ʿ㲻ǣ
ǮΪȻ
ֻܷܶã
⻰ȥôôǷأ
ڣҿǽ޺ӣȥҲС˳ѽ
仰˵˽õĿȷʵҪóЩöնǱزٵġ
ԭΪһԣ´ƺ˵ԣ
Ǵǧųģһɵ֪
ôô
ÿۣ˾
ԼĿڴｫ֮ǰʦּһķȫ
ʲô⣬
̾ӣ㱻˴
⻰˼ԸˣȻȴмִ㶣ŽãֻһСŮģ嶼СŮӡ
˵Ļȴ˵ֱǡʲôסһ㡣
ǲܵ顣
ħֿ϶һϳ
οɫǽɫƷʵı
þȻһ㶼۵þ͸ܴ׼Լһ˿
ɫ˻ȥһ̬İõ񣬶˼ʪ
ʲôˣ
㣬ŻƲԼ۾
УУ룬Լڣֻǡս飡
Ȼһֻйռȷɵߣһ¡ֵĿȥֲֻ֪ʱȻס˽õ֣Сóһ鷽Žò˲ǡ
ָĶ̲ס˳飺
죬ôô̵ֱֻĸƵģ
Ǿߣ˵ʲôǽȿ˿ڣ䣬תƷ
ֵǣһΡӦܴ
оʲô߳ˣһ·ɵͷת򣬲ŵſڣոպĵӹӭӡ
Ż
һھ˳
ã
רӭӵĵӣ
ͬʱ
յϢа


18 
֪Ϣ֮һûȣˤ˸ϡá
ֱӺŵĻͷǣѵǧŵĵӶûյϢô
ʦǰǧ֮ѾǰѹаҪȥϢͱ˳ȥ
ʱаѵӦǧܷô
ôܽȥ
ҧԼ촽ɫ԰һֽȴǿءа˵ǧŵӾ˽ֲãԲŷŹĺܺأ
üְοĸ˸ƵգҲӵһʱˣȻиܵģ
ߣûһ
ʲôʱʼаҪûǣҪʶûʶʱʱļһҲɵĴ
ţóɴֺ֮ȻӦаûַ£Ա˽ڴ
񣬻¼ӽȥ
Ǽ״һѣȻаѾԭӦϵǵģ
˻ڰָа£ȻǶ硣
ɫֳ˼֡
ڽյһɲǣͳĺǷָͷͳŽö
Ǳ߷컹ڳŹأ߽ȴǰһס˽ֱֵۣ΢һͷһָɴɲǼѤ̻ȼ
Ǳ߷һƺߣŵ̧ͷǰɴ
аȻֱյɴ
ֱǶʦƣ
ߵĵʯҪаһ̾͸ۣ
Ҳܲ죬аȻҵյ촫ȥɴ淴˲ɡ
ʦ֣ԣƽʱס˷˿޴йķŭ
һֿƣ˼ȷҪаʲô
ڶöɴ䵽˽õ߲һ룬
һƺߣѪԿ³Ʒôĸɴ٣ԣؿϱ͵شһȭ
аߵ
öɴöö
ͣס˽ŲܾԼҪٲֹܳΪһԴ̻ЧŮˡ
ѤáҶĿ
ʮöɴ䵽Աߵʱֹס˽֣Ѿһ͵Ц
ǰ·Ҳע⵽һĻΪոռķʽ̫һ񣬴˿ﾹȻֻã
Ͼ˵ǽƾһӾܳëǧɡ
ܻô㡭ڲͬ
ʲô£ͨɴһߵķҪʲô
а㣡մƵ̾ѹסŭ𣺡СʦãѾ𣿡
ûҲôഫǣ
õﻹһЩŮеȣķĮȴڶڼ֡
аˣȥõĳŵ壡
ѹľҲɴ
꣬ȴֻǳǳһЦǶŪһֻèһĶŪˣ㲻˵Ҳܽô
ǵʶŤһ£⻰һӾ𵱳ԽµŵԣܽҪҩģԼΪ£
ޣֱܽаţ
ǺǣѽƱҪҩඣ˵ô
Ȼ
ȻһҲ
ǳ˳飬һʱ侹֪νӻȥ
ת۾ЦЦزһ䣺ǧ򣬱ԼĻˡŶ
һŶưתǧأ̼ȫµë
Ҫϴ䣡һҪȥϴ䣡
ԣԺҪаߣһֱаȾ
ǱһĬĬ˵һߡ
ϸĻ֣ᷢ˶÷ôˣҲֻҧ촽һְֺֺףڱһ㣬ȴٳ
СʦҲǵģҲʦ֮˵ʲôǡ
ƵĻû˵꣬ƮƮһ䣺
˵ˣⲻǡϻ
Ϊλôɴ
ѧŶ𾴵㣡
õá
а㲻ҪôߣƲס
Ŷǲˣ
˻һ첻鲻Ը졣
ǡһЦɴֱˡ
ͽ졢ơɫࡣ
ãһ䣺ԡаʲô˼أ
òðһ䣺ȥ
Ͼ͸аģ
л˵
ãһ仰ͽս


19 
ã
˵аѾԼĵǷݵǴ˿ء
ɻԭȻĸܡ
ɻɻԵĸпһ䣺Ǻ°
ʲô£ߵĿǳŵİ֮Աǣǲм
б˷һۣҲȫҶ֪ƾԼȥǷҳݣʦȻ˲мΪεҪǷ
첻˵ˣŵȻҪʲô˵ģã׼չˣ
ὣҪߣ÷Ӱ
ŵأ
üƺһʱ仹û׹˼쵹ֺĵһ䡣
ŵ飡
̾׹ˣǴа˳ˮȥǧš
ˣƺҲ˵ͨΪôаš
Щ˱ۣȷ˵ʲôͼڵ㲻ضң
վƺҲûжͣĴ㣬ֻһ䣬ԲǺ˽ʦҪҩģаҪ֣
Ŀŷ뿪һΣڷĳЩĻ䡣
ڶԴаϣֻ÷ҲáҲãЩ
ҡҡͷȰԴ뷨գóɴĬĬ䣬
ܿ죬аɴд
΢΢һ̵ʦãô

ͷаĬãм
ֻǵĵ㣡һڷа뷨ְѷ֪µһ˵а
ҩҲǱҪɣҸķ㻹аɣһٸ㼸طʱ£Ҳӣ
û˵꣬ͱаˣأⲻ壡
䶯һ촽аܵǧţָŲϸɢޣֱóǲ塣
¾ǱˣЦİűǮ
ˣҪǡŸ˵ԼҲҪȥ˼
˭֪аǱ֪һ㣬ֻҲ˸ñչ׵ʱ˰ɣ
һ÷ģ㲻صǣ
ҡĻ˼ƣȴǴӦã
ɴȵ䵽а
ŸոĶԻ̲סչͷ˵һ䣺Ǹʦ֣ò˵˻ͦѵģ
Ҳǰ㣬аСȡž
ôЦЦûȥĻ
ԼıǼ⣬ܾڽǰ˭װס
һöɴƮ
ʦãʦǲǸոѾˣƽԴдһüͷ
ǣòͷһı飬ͷʾȥƫһȥ
ҡҡͷסԼͣʵʵҪվõȥ
ֻŬĽëȮ
ЩΣôվԼ
ʦֺ˵ЩʲôѽƵǺ棬
˵ʲôйôõһĮţ
ȥİȥģˣõʦҩģҪܷˣɲֻһʱ廰żв뾯档
һȴ̲סüͷ
ܺãͿʼвˡ
˵֮ǰûżֶè˼ĻڣЩˡ
УȻûһתôҲһ鴫ң
ǣǣǡƵ
ȴɺǲм֪ãǺʱ̣
Цһǲг
Ǳûˣ
Ϣ
óŽִ˸ƣܿ죬ɴȼ
ŽֱȻһԲֵԼϣʾ⼸ˣ裡
ЦЦȴûп˵ʲô
㵱Ը
ƺЩģյԱߣСؿʣ

ò֪ʲôϿκεٻǲʣһתطΣ
㶣ܣǧɽɽΡͬ͸һɹҵľ֮ɭӳ
ƫƿȥһĺ档Ϸŵө⣬͸¡
˿ΧѹЩŴϴǧԣôõԼĵ˺뷨
Ǹĺõط֪ΪΣֻʵʵ뵽ʲô˵ʲô
Ҳôã䣬þˬĽһ䡣
ƫڰŵ㻨㣬һ㲢֮Ҳܸеá
ֻϸϸһСƵطɺöˣ
ǡ˼ǣ
ȻŴˣɵʲôҲ̫Բһˣ
ϸԼ۾ſƫϣбͶϣô˿̵һֻʳޡ
ʶ©һģܾý׼㲨顣
Ȼ
ȻǾͺú
ЦƵĿȴ̲ס˶һ¡
ڣܲܲҪô˵ֿµĻ
ԭֻҪһҩģȻ׼͵
˭˲֪ŵҪԡƽеŰݷãǶǽòŻ̶Էŵϰ
ǲʱȡߣǻı׷ɱݣŽŴս
ԼͷҡƵġ
ڡ׼ſڿȰһȰã
ȴó˳ŵİֻƯĺһ΢΢һЦ
õģˣ
ôЦϣ϶˼Ҫù
ȻôܵøҸڲǣ
ҸڹƨɵĽڣ
ŽģһΪԼ˴ȶеңȴԾɵǡ
Ҳ˵ֲɵӣ˰װ͵ǵȥ͵ڹ׼ô˦ʦʦͷȥأ
˼šʶһ̧ͷͿ˲ԶĽ֣Ȼʶ֣·
ʱˣһ֮ŵ˹óŭ𡢰תô
ôһĻͱ¨ӣⲻгŵĸ߸Ƕ
Ⱥ߲ȵ͵ļһԭΪǿڣǽ·ڣҲǸڵƵı΢С䣡
ָӴ֮Ž񣬳ŴӴã
ԽԽˬ̲סĦȭơɾ

͵ô
ֻҪҪ
ô˵ҲԲܹڶΣ
̲֮ס֣ҺƵҲһ𰡣
ǾȶСĿ꣺һȣ
л˵
ơԩͷ㲻Ҫ


20 
ô²ĺ꣬һͷ챻˷ԼЦƫ⴫
ǳСѣ
תͷȥԶһϮڡΡѩֵһ߸Լĺ룬һߴСͯȻ
ĿұǻۣͬɽȪһ׿һ۾ͻ˲ԾС
ǰֵһݡ
ֵ΢΢һЦ͵ԭӦڵأæŹȥָ˼䣬ˡ
סкβ㲻ֵԭֻһʣȴӻӵĺ˳κβ㣬οã
˻һʶһ亹˵ҪҪôֱףֱͲѡҪ͵ֶͷȥˣ
˭ֵ֪һֿۣԾнһۣȻЦС˵òһ֮ײˣ

Ǳлˣü˳¿¡

˫ôĿŵ
֪Ҫ󣬳Ҫѡ񣿡ֵͣԼĶֻԼĿͶõϡ
˵ƳСţһᡣ
βͬаӣſƾһ֮ǧŽǸƥ˵ֲ֤ǽ׿Ҫ׷ɱǧͽʽʱ˫ȷʵһЩ졣
ݳ˼֪һֱѰһɽ˵СţΪıºŴᣡ
ţϣܹˣûһ
ŴᣬǧŶԭҲѴ¡
һεŴȣǧȴӮúܲʣڵֽıȽսУǧźȻɱһգһٽĵӻˣǲò˳ȡ
ºӵŵ֪ԭǧһСŽãһ·СŵӶĵӣսӵʵ˸߰˰ˣʶǧŲŻὫѹ󡢳䲻⡣
˵ºܲʣҲԼҵʵãֻóεİ
ºŴȣһ߼ӽѵԼҵӣһ˼ܷҲѧǧһ㣬˴̽̽ʵ
һҲԸŽύԸ˿ࡣ
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ݵ㹻Ȥһ档ǣ֮ˣһˣǵ޺ӣܾɵͽ롣
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䲻֪ΪֻԸһƶСţƺҲҪ볤ǳ顣
ŵǧţΪһϰҲǷѾ˼ʾ֭һ·
ʶֵһᵽ飬ҲʲôܳҪ
һʼõӴŽ޸Ҳԭڴͼ
ֻӦҪĳ⣬ֵ뿴ó١
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κҪô
ֵЦЦҪ˵ʲôͼó֮ǰָĽɫ쳣֣صĵǰ
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سŵ罪ԣһ֮ʡ
ҲǣǧŶϣӣܺùô
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б£ȫȥֺηֵԭֻҫһ䣬
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ǰŲȥǧһ⣬žͽǧŵͷͷ֡
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̧ͷãֽϴһЦЦı飬۾ģȻɰȴ͸һʳ
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ٴΰԼֿĿŵϣ䲻֪Ըҵԭ򣬵Ҫãǲܷܽգڣ˳
仰˵꣬ͻԼڽԱˣɱŰҸߣ
ã
֮ǰƼӴӦģҸ㣬ɲڣֻĵĽëȮȴȡ
̾˿ĽɫǿӲʾδҪ汻׷ɱһˣӦ

ôо
ؼԼϵģ
һֱ壬Ȼ뵽ʲôüһӣ԰ڣȻǶˣ㳤ŵȺʦʦ㻹ɶѽ
ѵͲˣ
ԽԽԼ֮ǰҪһĺ׳ǰ׷ˣ
ҪܣȻȴֻЦЦն˵ּ̧豭Ǿעƺ˵ϸ롣
Ž̰ģ̲סգգ۾˵Ҳмֽͣ͸ȣҩ㻹ɶˣ
ȫĻ֡
ܺãڵɫ
Щͷ󣺡ڣ⡭е̫࣬Ҫʵѡһ£
ؽõĻӦ޳ҿСӲѡ⣡
˵ȻȫҪ
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ã
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˼ˣôͶӮ
վЩɻİһȻãأ
ôƺӸոտʼûֵӰˣ
л˵
еæԸ³ˣǸ֮͸ոȻոллҵĵȴ
ģ


21 
ãƺﲻԣӱߣΪһûһƷԼĲ裬ȻԼɵһԱ֮С
ιӵץ½õ䡣
ŷֱߵĲյ֪ԼҪ£
˼룺ȻҲҪʲô
ҲûʹңҽҪʲô£
Ǹµģ˭˭ɣ
˵ˣ֮ԻŽɫҲΪȷᵽþһһʼͶ
ôţȻܺˣΪض͡
ʼΪһȥǧŸĵӣڿ֮˵ؾֻһš
ԺпܣǸһǸɢޣħˣ
ħôõǶħмӡамأ̸Щʲôٺˡ
ÿÿˣ
Ž²ؼ߸߹ģˣУƺѾû
֮ĬǴʲôʱԽ˳
ʵ˵᲻ý֣һ뵽Լ֣̲߳סЩѻ
˿ҪȷĳñһԼίôһ죬ŽǺƴչ䵽ǰ

ְһ۵СεĲֽݵǰȥõԱҲùһ豭ĬĬ˱衣
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ԣڣظһԼĻֿǶ˻ˣ
ҡûˣͰ͵ԴֻίͰ͵С˵ȥϷ֡
иȻѨδ߽Ѩ;ЩͷΡ
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ѨڽֺȻͣס˲תͷˣԵʶˡҪڴϰҪѱٽ壬壬һ磺Ѵﵽ
˵ô໰һһȥĪ˺ܰȫĸоǡǸɵʦһ㡣
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ƺһϵ˽Ҫ˵ʲôҲУǲС
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ʼкԼעϽƽԼȥ⣬Ҫͷò֪Ϊξ뵽˰Сħɡ
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22 
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ԽԽɥ˭֪ȴһǰɫû˿仯ĳŴͷͣǰֵһݣ治ͬѰл𣡡

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СɣлػûӦĵˮ©
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˵˶Գ֮ʱһֱڿ
ҲȥǷ尡ҿǿǽ޵ҩҲ԰ﻹܰأ
˵˵ţʮ¿ˣ뽪һ㵵Ŀǰƣ㱼»صǧŵĸо
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ǵȵСӶ˽úֵ֮ӽ쿪ʼӣͳͳʼ
ţһ۵СӶٳڹȥЩԻͣǲ֮СŶ磡

صƫŷ֣ѾһˣƫϢ
ոɽ˺ĳ棬󲻳ֵغԼٲġ
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ǽһȥ֣ʱʱǲǽҲְǽֶѨ֮ʱǲǾѾڶѨڳһ磿
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ˣôĬĬֵһȥ
࡭ȴ̷˽һ䣬ԼŽЦһЦ
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23 
ˣֻһѡ񡣡
䣬ӲǱֱյˣ˼ķʶԼĿڡ
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ȥɣȥ췣
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ʦ²ʦֵ°аʦѰˣ
ĪЩĻţĻŵĵʦƺڲ֪Ѿƫа
ƾʲôأ
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аʦõ£ǵִ⣬ݽȥģ
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ܿ죬ҲΪԼĹ°˴ۡԭͷϵʦֱһ֣ӦºһѪĿ
Ǽ״̴ȥ
ڹۣ㲻ȥʦģ
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ΪŴᣬΪˡа
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οԭʦµʱڴʲô֪
ţ˵ͷûм˵ȥƺƵĻ
Ʊȴֻսҩ裬¶аĺޣԽ˼֡

Ѿǵһ͡¸ƷˣԴӽɹ֮Ǹص˾ǰѾ㲣ûˡ
һڵƫٲȻΪƴ󻧣ҩܶѳɽ֡
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Ц봵ԼžúһըѣЦϡ
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壡ÿɫ̫ãüһѪִŻƫ
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ڣôƴô
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24 
ȵʱ򣬷ƫķ羰ģǡһ̨Űһ㡣
Զ˺ۣͷȴǲ
˵ԶԶس˸Ү
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Ľһǰǿһ㽫ƫ
תͷˣȻʶʱϢȴһֱ׷ûͣ¹һء
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25 
ˣƼǼڲѾô
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ǰԣҪѹ
صģǣӦýѹˣ
͵üͷһ̣еûһЩʲôʲôֲ²͸ǽЦЦһҩͻæơ
Ͼʲôµģ
⻹£˶ɹպ
ǻûк꣬ͱô֣һָȥǱƵˡ
ʦ֣µǣô˿ЦӯӯҩѾˣ㻹ȳȥɣ
ǲǰߵúܿ죬صƫһ±飬뿪
Ϸ̨ˣһϷκεߡ
ǣһʦֻӣܱǣ
л˵
ˣղһôQAQ~


26 
ãûжʲôһӦ½õҪ
˿̣ɵɵʲô֪ƫܽһƣȴ˷ܵĶŽֵʮˣ˵õģ
û˵꣬۵ٴλ˹ȥ
̾˿ãѹ
ҹϰϰ
ɳر󣬿ûͣǿ޳˰ο
Ҫȥɱ
ҪȥɱǸˣ
ʦ֣ǹģ˵ǹȥģ
Ʒ·ʧһظ仰һѰסƵ֣Ҫ˵ʲôְֻһ
ǲʹˣ
ϳɳעԼƾúһ㡣
ε˵ƵɹǣɹԭͲǿ֮󣬾ҩ̾ϢպҪܵõϹҩԼ
ҩûѻ˵꣬ƺȴˣԼҲˡ
Ϊһˣ
ֻҪһ뵽ͺ޲ô˿˽ȥаƫüʼնû˳Ļͷ˵
üģּסǵֶ־ڲ£һԼ޷һʦ־ͻ
ʦ֣ʦ֣ѵƶ𣿡ƿ޵£һСɷײѡ
ʹ̵ֽֻȰοƣʦû˶а취
аǹ⼤ģԣҪӰ죬һжʦ֮ٶᣡʼڻаŸƿصܡ
ֱʦһЩϾǿʦ𰡣
ԭҪ˵ʲôͷЩͷı飬ַΣֻܵ͵ʹӦһã
ƴһǱʾҪȥεȻ˵ıƻء
ƹɵĵͷԼɳȻǵʹĥƲòȥаȥаЦ˵ţҾǹģҫģ
ôңôҶ֣
ȥǸ˵һ䶼ҳһĴȻ
ɳţô
֪ǲƵĻɳˮ׾Ȼа
͵۾ֲԼĻаЦӯӯվɳر߿󣬲֪óʲôɳﶪ
а㻹Ҫʲô
˿ƿ־弫ˣһˮܿǴ̹ǵʹٴϮ
۰ɣɹĸо
ûǴĻԭҲûҺö٣
ôЩ꣬ÿ˻£󶼻㵽ͷϣ
аչ˵ЩʲôƾͼĴаĻ
һ鷲̥ƾʲôҲǳŵСʦãҲӦ;͸һ㱻Ҳڽ£
˵ˣΪаѾǰһֱס°ͣ컹ţаԥĳﶪ˲֪ʲô
ˣ
궫аЦֺˡ
ڣԶҪˣ
а
һ죬ɳһߵ̲סͷȥ֪ΪΣһ״ϮĿڡ
ȥڵɳʱﻹƵˣͬʱһͬģʦ͸ƵĽɱ¾
һ·׷аȥе˿Լ·òŲ廹ܸаٶȡ
аЩţƺû뵽ƻ
⣬ϹͣЪ벻ɣ
ҾǷˣҲ
ӰӵҶҪɱ㣡
䣬ɱĽͳ΢΢ĽŲ
˿аҲͣ˽Ųبǰһ͵Ķ¡
µһ߲֪ѹʲô죬ͣӿĽԭͲԽѪӿ
аתƣע⵽аҪܵ׼һӽа·һǡ
аӲˣƲƣƵ±ߡ
ɱңʦ֪Ǩŭ㣡ʱˣаϵľŷѹȥͷ侲ҪȰͣƣ

ƺȻһ춯صЦóɱ¾˿Ȼǳлаᵽʦ
ᣬԼû뵽÷
ʦ˵˷ɷ¦һ壬ɣ¶ԷǸʿҲۼ
аʱ˿̴˵ش˾ֻң
һһ䣬аһ㣬ǵĻԽԽеɱ¾ԽԽ
ɣа
¡һ죬𶯣ֵԭϢ˿̾һ亹
ˣȻ˷ӡħϹɱ¾
뵽˿ŵܣֵԽԼСͯԸԾͳŽ߷ȥ
벻ǣڽ±ߣǸԭӦɳĳŵɵɵµķ
⡭ֵͷһ˿ԽƮɢʲôһ䡣
ֵæָһ㣬ããѰô𰸡
㵽ʲô
ֵһǣʧǵƴ˿̲ڻػһ㡣
ãȻĿ£һа½ǻĽߣ˿̵ʲô̼һʱ侹شκε⡣
׷ǣаƽߵ½ǣ챻ŷˣ
ѵĶаɱ¾
ɱ¾ǿǽʿ˵ɱ¾ͬУΪɣ
аòᵽʲôûʣɣ
ѵ⣿Ҫʦ֮ǰɱа
һʱҲ˲˵ʲôóֵѾŭΪ֮ƣֻȰסֵȻơ
ǰһ˵ʲôȽԼ󣬹ֵ𣺡𣬴˳šڲˡ
Ȼǻû˵꣬һѹֱӽڵء
ԭóֵĿڣ˭ֵ֪һס
ɱ¾䣡һСţһӣܵô䣿
ɱ䣬ξģ
ֵһŭ·𶼶˶һѹȥֱӿѪεڵأǱѹֱͣţܿ죬Ҳסֵѹ˹ȥ
֮ǰֻһ⣺ԭɹǵƣôôԶģ
ٴʱ򣬷ܶѱһ⾰ûɳְס֫
ѵֲԶϢͦʬķ۾Ҳһ㱻
ʦ֣ʦ֣ƺˣܣΡ
ûнηһζûС
Լķ䣬ûСûУɱ¾Ķаʧķһʹɱ¾
ˣǾ߰ɣ
˽ˣε֮ѺһҪѺƳȥ
ҵʦ֣ǡ
ʲô˴˵ĿбӣóԸƶ̸ཻ
ȻĻƶȴڵþȵϲ
̫ˣʦˣֻҪʦˣ
ǸˣаĿһᱻҴģ
˭뵽أɱ¾䣬аȴһɲǣаЦЦһ䣺
л˵
Ԥաʦŷҡϲղأ
ʦҪʲô
ҪѧṶ
ҪԶסڱϣзҪɱĿָӣǣ
ʦą̇̄ɫĻס
κͷǻʦεһȴţ尡棡Ӫһɱ¼
κüģǸ⣡
ѧ
˿̣ڸڽҽл֪ʶε⧲˸磺Ǹ߶أ
׵εƽյһ£˱רҵѡ˻ʦ˵˹ҲתϵǮ
ǻô죿
ֻܷŷң´¡
νԽۣԽݣ


27 
֮, ֻʦֵ𣬻кܶƲ֪ڡƵһοԼʦֻڴ
֪˵ֻС, Ӧ̬ŵ, ΢΢ֵ˸񣬲ſԼʦ
ʦƻ˸ͷ, ʦü㶯ɱ¾䣿
ƽӲȥ, ܿ죬ٴοʦ˹ǵģǡаԼȥ, һϵûУ
ƨ͵վ, бͷȥ, һۿһµ꣬ƺҪ, ˸סˡ
ôڳžͲ£ڻѴͷϣۿ, ǳ, ըˣ˵һ, һŽԵɾͰ˵ͳ
ʲô
ôôǴĲ
һ, ȻҪһߵСŮ
ԽԽ, ʹӲ, һֱĺ, ֱ˺ŵ, ͼ, ֵͷʹְŵ
ҲֻһĿģںú
˭֪, аߵϢ
ħ֮ʣܽͬޱȣǽʿӲɢ
ᡭа
ȻаѾˡ
ô붼ⲻܣ֮ԱڣΪرŻƣˣôܻԼأ
ᣬ߻н
ɲɣ͵ֵҩżȻģԼʱڽ±߸ܵ䣬²ɵĲֻһˡ
׻ˣ䲻ֵ֪ΪΣԽΪԽԴҽ˵Ĺϵ
һΣڷˣ
û˯һаһûߣźŵ壬ܲ˴
ȴ룬аͬʦаԼµ£ַ˶ˣͰѺڹȫ׸˵ͷ̲סֶŭ
֪ǺˣҳŶԴһһͬʣа죿ʦЩõĿ
ȴһǰһͬʣһͬʵʦ㶯ɱ¾ȥ׷ɱԼСʦã
ԣԭԼѹȥѹ˼ֵǰΣֻúǳһ
ʵ˵׶ʲôָƣ
ȴҲһ̶аɹǣֱȥΣڻѿıš
ίأ
ʦ𣡡һ˳Ӳ˵ѣȷʵаԼµ£֮ǰ֮ǰ˵ǹҺʦȥģΪ˻ٵǶ˵ɹǣ
ԣͶɱ¾䣿Цһ׷ʹ
ңҡƵʹͷһ֮ȻֿڵģаҪɱңϵɱ¾Żᡭ
˻һ̸ܵϵն̫ˣֵԭûʲô飬˿Ŀȴ絶һ㳯
Ǻǣ˵úãץƵİѱʦɱ¾ʱѵû˵ɱ¾䡢ͬ⣬˽Բɵô䣿
ԭ޴Һأÿһɱ¾䶼ˣ벻ͨСţξܹӵд䣿
ִǣɱ¾Ҳ򲻿ܸϣҲһܹ֮ʸӵеġ
ͬУҳŲң
̽һ䣬Ѿ쵽ϣҪҲȥϾɱ¾´󣬵ͬСȫ຦ȡᡣ
Ե˵淢ƣ˲鵽ɱ¾䱳顣
ʶ˺ݣһƴϣƴĿѪƵڵЩ
ֵһݣ˵ԼҪųŵӻȥ֮ػһ
ֿ߷߲ƽָøһøаһ
ƵɴԼ۾ааʲôѵаӵĻô
ʲôˣƲҰŭʦͷϣʶָʲôʸҳŵ飿㲻ǸŵҲִ£
ڵλǺŵӵʶҲΪŵĵӡ
ȴһЦˣЩתͷֵ𣺡ֵͷҹʸô
ֵ𵭵ã³һ֣
УҴ˿̱Ҫ֮ȥڵĻһ˵ñУŹǹûˣڡ
ƣ͸ź£ұػѪծѪ
⻰һʦüֵԣĳΪӣ볤Źȥ볤Źȥ
ֵ𣬱ϾҪˣֵ𲻸ݡ
˭ֵȴɴߵߣȰļϢŭ
ӣ
һòٴοһ£ѽϵ
ֵĸ߰ŵ֮ࡣ
ûٿƣת̸ֵܷͬҩ棬ǽ߾ˣǾȻ꣡
˵أҩȴˣĻ֮󣬿ֵһ۱ʾոѾȥ߱߿ˣҪֵĻҲǲУи
ʲôŵԼ̬Ͱ͵ؿҩ
ҩЦЦֿ˳ʦһۣʾаĻٻأٻغаΪҩһĹŴӣ
ʲô
ӶıصɴԼ۾˵ܳΪһĹŴӣаûõκεĳͷִţ
ģ
ôͲңƲ֪һµӵ
˵Լµ£ûѣǰԼȥģ
ܴ˶Ъ˹ֻƮƮһ䣺Ѿͻơ
ƿʦȴƸһֻۣתͷҩʾаǳŵĵӣɷţ
Ϊβɷţ
㳤ţҲӣ
οӸոտʼҲδἰһ䣡
ֵһʣʵЩƿԣһҧаǱҪڳţΣǳŵĵӡ
治ţ
ţ
󣡡
޴󷨺ƺ챩ף˲佫ʦƹ
Ǻ⣿ܻĿֵֵȴƵĸ˸Լĺ롣
ڡѽ
ǳŵˣֻίڴ˵Ⱥ򣡡
ֵ˵գһ˫۶סӣҲҪúͬϷһ
һ㶣ԭõԼģȻ˿ȴƲסϲţ̫ˣ
ֵ𣺡
ݣôݣһһݣ
ҪһСţķˣ
л˵
ãһжڼƻ
أ
ã֮⡭Σ


28 
ɽ, ں߰ƵĵصڱĽٴοҹķǡ
ôô, Ϸеõİɣħ, õͷŽѰ߲ѾġħûлӦ
ת, һϮŰ塢١ʢǳ޳ָڷְһͷ
ǳˣһ, ˵һϻһġţ
ðԼĿٴηŵ˵ϣ΢΢
ȥԭͽ鶨Ľߵİ취, Ҳ˵, Ҫٴ, Ľ߽õ
ֻǽû뵽ɱ¾ٱֽº, Ϊ˻ԼΪľ, ɢһ, ɻֻһ䣺£
֮, þǰˡ
ȷе˵, Ľõ䵽Ļ, һ
ɤ𣺡ؽ
˵, ֣
˵, , ʽ, , ˡ
˵ǵõĳͷʨһ㳼һǡ
ԼҲûм˧磬ӹ˾ְ飬ǳǣɵءءŲء
ؽ㣬ȻüĿѩסֻý뵽ֻԶ۲桱ˣȴǴδ
һ˲䣬ֻã⣬žɸеģɣ
Ĵ棡
ûжӳؽģ
һ̣ؽҲЦţֳõͷԴһĺͯһ㡣
úȻǺӣġҲṈ̀˰ɣ
ûܶģɫ׻ۣο֪һΪҪһ·أ
ǣñĬ䣬ȻſһƵز񻰵һ֣
ؽЦˣǳغԼıڣʧá
ؽ˽õĻ
̲סƲͷɫ̫ۣȻӦôͷ֣
ؽٴͷͬʱ֣˽ߡ
һˣ˵ǰý˵ǣ
ȻѩؽȻþ̽ƺǶһ£һʱ䣬Щɾ
ڽְܽʱ򣬾Ѿ½ƣվˣƫƫεȥơ
Ȼɫ׻۰
ңؽЦ֣ȦȦһŽöߵ鷢
£
Ǿ仰ô˵ţ̫η壬ˣڻ»ˡ
ؽĬˣбۿȥõģemoˣ
Ůˣޣ
Ҳ£̲סָ˿ڣȴؽǳǳЦ
ûϵ˵ƽڸһеվлɢĳܿǣס֣ԼĻ
ܵȣ
ȵں£ǵһ̡
̲ס־ԼҮĴˣĶż־Ķǣ
ǣ˭ܸΪʲôĴ˻ῴĴˡѵǺайϵ
айϵΪʲôһζûξгֹأ
ţ
ֱһѺеһȵĽԶ뽪õУɷ˵˽ΪŻع
ؽЦһѽݣϹħ
þƮƮĺһħûãˣһ
𰡣ϷħħСѾͷ۲ʶ̩ɽħţȥԼαװеˣǡɷ
̩ɽǡú
ܴǳȥؽǿ͸һУԭҪץħȴħһ㣬㵽˽õ
ϷСѾͷ
ؽ
ؽϻѺýͨ⣬Ҳ֪ǲǱħһ̼
ؽȻǳЦűʾֻһȴͬʱӵкüѽ
ԣѣöԴţ
⻰һħԶɳһҪײؽĽϧѲ֧ûȰѽײɣԼ䵽˵ϣڽõʶίؿ޿ˡ
ã
ħġħħԵħ
󣬽ֻһѽؽһѣħίԼŽ󣬰ָ·
ӽ߳󣬰ؽָ㣬ûصϷ֣ħͶУħۿȥ̫ܲưܡ
ܵΧɱգؽཪõͷʧ˴󣬾ڲε顣
а취뿪ɣ
Уؽ˵ͷƽʣһжԣΪ塣
ˡؽ֪ܵʲôȻһҲ˼ϣʦŵΣ
ⲻǺôòô꣬ؽЦеıʾεˣ
ã
ôˣ
ؽЦûлؽãֻĽõͷ߽ħϢһ󣬾ͿóնεĴ
ۿؽҪ뿪ò֪Լôģһץסؽ䣬ؽ̽ԭء
ҡټô
˵ԼɬŮŴǺӣء
Ȼһε˽סؽϣʶ̧ͷȴԼ۾ؽסˡ
𿴡ؽɳƵĲ񻰣ؽ䣬Ҳɵĵ˵ͷ
Ǻ£ؽһСŮؽס۾ƣөأ׵˺ۿСŮ¡
øеʲôʪĶ䵽ԼĶͷﱻˡһź
һŴϵ㣡˵꣬øеԼؽ̳һɢˡ
ĬȻ˼룬ͷԼϵź֪ʱϴˢħ˽õ
һڵŴ뺯ħһϷ˵ǧȥŴᶼǳС֣
С֣ûͷħһۣ
ǡҲ֪˭֣
ħ
Ϣˣÿķˣħ˦˦ԼϵˮΣ˵ɣСѾͷҪϷȥʲô
ãΣ
ħ
һҪô
ħ̲סɪɪһ£һУֱѾ˵ϲС
һǾߣ
ƫһҲ˵Խ顣
ħ̲סɪɪһ£СѾͷϴħеħ֣ײУ
˿̣ڣ
νĥʹƣ˻Ҫȥ
컹ûѣͼһηְסơ
ǲԶͬŽĥȴһǡȻǱȴһҪЭĴ㡣
ֵֹһʹҪӳŵĵô
Цͦñֱ
ܲסõģֵٴξ棬ͷҲصĽΡ
˻꣬ûۿǣӣҪаΣ
ڣ㻹һ㱻У
Ϊô
ۼƻҪ䣬һֱܰȻ̧ͷĿᶨػһ䣺ĸԸ
ƣ


29 
ô, ûĸԸΪ£
ƵһԽ޵ŤаƾʲôȻö˵ΪĸԸĥĻ
ǶӣֻǷ, , ҲǧŻĴš
֮׾ܽӴˣ
أӴ˾ȻĸԸΪа
Ƽʣʵ÷·Ҫ, ·ԼĶڵѪ
۾, ޺޵ؽϣ޺޵һʲô
һֲۣһ䣺ο, ұͲָξң
аôQ, ΣĽ, ϣаˡ
ԭڰа֮󣬽ֻ
һ뵽Լǰ·۷, ָɴҡҡͷҲǾֻ֪ͨʹˣ
, Ҳǵһˣ
ǴδϣԼи, úͲڻ˺ȡ
ʲôָǿ˿, ıƺ,
ܾ, , аô, ܸͼɶ
Ȼ, һ仰ͻǡ
žͺܺã
ӣһǷ, ˰ɣܴ̼, ָɴ۾ˣظһӣµķ
аʲôõģƾʲôƾʲôӣ϶Ƿˣ㲻ǻӣ
ԭѲƣµԽ׺ɴҲ˳˻ȥﶼã
ô
Ҿͺܿģ
ȥ۸
۵һͿ˳ƭ˵ģʲôʱ۸ˣ㶼˵ʲôˣƭӣƭӣ
üͷ۵¹СʯӣһҪƴΣϢһ¡
˭֪һ־;׼ؽСʯӴ˻ۿ㶵ؿǡ
ʦ֡Ҳϲƶ𣿡
ǣ桤ٿĪ
ʹûô
ƿһһûӦɴݺݵֶ߶߶ôô
ڻ㣡
˭˵ģ
Ȼ仰˵꣬κȻŷ·˻ÿһ㣬а֣һڵδ
㣿㣡㣿ơ沿ƣһŵʧԵģ
ŮԼ۰׵֣ǱźڹĽ߲ɢĽȴ˲ѹסڵɷ
ȻŮֹסԼĶ΢΢üͷ
ã
ʶӦһ䣬ԼЩͷ۵̾˿
˵ˣ
źһһĽٴλζסĵڶδնˡ
ϡںãüԥ䣬ֱӽѹסĵδնˡ
ߣ
ۼڵѾƻϣóԼ֡
ǣȻʶһãţ

ڡ
ҪҪôҰôǽٵĻΣ
ˣǰٴθֳ׷ɱ׷ɱĺǵÿһճ
ҡҪټĪеˣ˫ʶ˶ϵδ֪ΪòǸҪ߽ĥļһ
Ϊʲôػòˣѵʲôرãϲη
ΣҲûۼɾŸ
ǣңңҪˣ㣬㲻ɽ𣿡˵˼ֽͣ
˭֪
ţҾģϿһ˿һò׵ĵطһ̹Ȼ·ͲʲôĴ¡

⣬
ҪҪôײСҪҪôĿˡҪҪô˾ռߡҪҪôƽƽ棿
룬ҪֱֳֵһѪĻƿСȻô񣬻ֱӽΣؼǣɹˣ
֪õǺƽƽغ޲Ŀ䵽ԼĽϣüתͷ㵽߲ߣ
ߣæС鲽Сϱһܵ˽õߣ˵ʲôأ
ڵÿһ죬Ǵ̼еÿһ죡
а
Ҫ뿪εʱƺȻס˽ã˳ƻͷƣֻҲβס񶾣һһسΣʦҲס㣡
㣡һᱻȥɹǣΣΪūΪ澣ó
˵仰ͶĿãƣ·ǰվŵĽѾȥɹǣ׸
Ҫ˵ʲôȴһסֱۣЦƣҲֻһƺϤĻ
ǡ
ţΪаˣôĻȻţ
ʦ֣ƻͷǣǼ״ֻøƣаǳŵĵӣôţֻìͷţΪεĽǳⰲŵģ
Ŀǰа󻹲ܣҽܽ˵аˣʦ𣬻б£
ƵɴԼ۾Ŀڷ·ܵػһʱԽܣһһѪ˳
ƶǴ󾪣ĨĨԼߵѪ֪ģ˵ҩʦϵģɹһ¡
һʱŭͷ𣬶򵨱ҡ˼ץסǵ֣ʦֻ֣һ취ˣ
аţȻ̹һУ۾üƺҪֹԼ̲סץǵĸ첲ֻҪаǳŵĵӣҲ˲ǣ
ˣܾãʦ𲻻ô׾ͽаš
밲סƣƿʼýʣһһߺˣ˽ˣ
аˣҳŵӣǿȥץ
ƺþȫǰһڣʡ¡
ܿ죬ˣѶϣ뵹һȼǿδ󣬸ŭĵĶǱʾһΣ볤ŵӽˣ
仰ȴȻѹаҪ˵ƴܲһУ񲻾Ϊ볤Žӣó׼ŭԳų֣
Уһ̣ҲãҪаʦţ򣬱سɴ󻼡
ֻϧУ޷ʦϵ
λӣɷʦ͸Ϣаӱţٽʦţ
˵ŵаӵģ֪ΪΣһ¶ɻĿǣ
ǣ
ʦ𣬾ڸոգűʾаǳŵӣʲôһ֮
ʲôǴ󾪣һ룬ͼӵĽֱָʺ㳤ţǺξģ
һ𾪣ǾŵҲδ֪飬ٽûٶֻͣԸԼߵʦٴμǿδ󣬱Ҵ뿪
л˵
ڣ˵ͽ˭BB
ħײУ
̫ײ^ѩҩnѩǻᱻ׷ɱģ


30 
, ʦɫ࣬۾գ˫ֽӡҲ޷ѹסɹܵʹࡣ
ԭѹлڻ֮ϵʿ, ˵, һ֮ΪȴҲֻոͻԪӤ
ǿбѺ˶Լʹ, ʲô롣
, һЦеѹԼϵɷ˲٣ܹ۾
Ȼǰ֮, ȴ͵صɴԼ۾
ѩ, , ⲻǵһڵؽ˭
˲ֽŵʹ, һڵأ
, 亹˳Ŷͷڵ֮ʱ, ؽڿˡ
ҵĶ, õĿɻ˳֣
һ, ̸ܵƺ͹ʹ, ؽͷ, ֻһ, һ⡣
ɱ¾, һֱСĵպ, ֻǵƳȥʲô, ԲŻơ
ǡ
һЦ˵ʲôһ궤ֻʹǷףؽȴüͷûһ¡
궤ϵģȻĥܣɼǽ
ŵؽȴһ㲨Ʋ
߶£֮ǰڵһڵɨʱؽɣְš
ؽһУֻһҪ󣺲غа
غһڵӣ
ȴ룬ƾȻа˵ؽɱ¾䣡
֪ؽһƱĻ˵ⳤŲԭŵĺöؽָģûؽİģţ
궤ʹô
ؽȻһתڵɫ䡣
̵ͷͼɽؽ΢΢ǣʹãǺʹ´Σֱӡȡɹǣ
⻰˼Ҫ궤Զڣ亹ʪ˱ʹһӿͷһеҪסؽ½ǣջ궤
ȻһЦؽֻһΪ֮񣬱ȥ
ؽһ뿪궤ʹڵɷһͬϮ忸ţԼ̼ͻ
аʶ뵽ֻҵܽ⿪һУ
ʹ˻һȴԽԽң뵽аؽǲζҲסˣǿ־塣
УΣſǲҪƱñס
ƿġ
ڴ춯̴ӵǿֵԼĺǰü
ⳤʦģȥǽҪԲһ㡣
ԭֻǸԪӤʿĴĥһ֪ˣۣѻʯ
ڿΪԼԤġҪ
ֵʱյӿɷ˿һ룬궤׶ĵʹȴֲȥǡ
ֵƺǿʹιһɵ΢΢˿
֪ˣαص
ֵҡҡͷˣ⼸գθϷһô
ڣǾŵӴֲ֪أֵԸ̧֡
ֵҲٴֿ׶صĻֱӸаԽߵĽɲʲôͨĽһֱѹУʧȥħħ
˽֮ػٴɽǳСܹеģ
ħɫȴ˼룺ôأ
Ϊ֮ƣ硭ֵϳԼĻ˿͸ʵ뷨Σ
ʲô
ɴԼ۾ȴֵĶȻʲô⣡
ֵ𣬾ȻҪа
ָطףȻ뵽ؽͷ̧ĵаǳŵӣʲôҶԸһ֮
㡭
ֵ˵ʲôεķһ죬еӽǿơڽ
ֵʶ
һܹģ
Ȼһ룬Ӽδˣ⣬ڵĴն
ֵƤ£ԭаħ壬ҲܳסεɷȴԷȻôײУδնˣ
ζʲô
ζħˣ
ֻħдеŻñˣŻһĵܹɵسΡ
ķϲģȴѹסֵһԾ񣬻ħ
аѾͷϵŵ治٣
ƫʱˣϽһ˵һΣаǳŵӣʲôԸһ֮
ֱЦҪ֮ҲԼû֮
ֵõȥεĴ˳㿴ǲ˶аˡ
ӴӦȥɻûӣҩͿ޵Ľֵסĵһ仰ǣʦ֣㣬Ҫ
ֵȻĻһ
ˣ˵Ҳиǧ˰ɣٲҲһ֮˰ɣ
ô飬ȥʦϥһ޿ģɺͳ
ֵʶҪҩԴԼϸȥƫ˵ʦһԽһߴޣŵĽ굤͵ȥˣ
۰òײµһţ˸͵ˣ
˵ʲô굤ֵһ굤˵ĿұΪʦܾҵҵ꣬òóˡ
ʣһո㹩Ų˵굤ĹЧԾܽʿ֮Ȼء
ʦɽٳǰͶǿĵĶƥ
֪֮ĵҩ񲻳ΪⰸϵᣬᱻȺ֮Щ˱
ǽ굤Ǹˣҵɲݿˣ۰Ҳˣҵݰ
ҩ޵ǽһҲǣɲݿŲ޼ֱ֮ӱգûѪܿ״ҲǺܲˣ
ֵ𿴵ǳҲ˽ʶɲʲôԭˣ
޵ȥҩǳԵ˲٣Ե˵˳Ӧҩӵƣֱȥŵĵ굤͵ȥûע⣬ֱӰɲݿ⡣
ͨȥ𵤷ֵܿץסɵ㡣
ǳ˱۾ǳ׻ȥһ㣬ؿڵõǵӵƣ
ģֵ󾪣ǳŵȻǸ嶼ܳ衣
ǵӡƸǳоԼһجΣ
˭
ŵӡа
ֵ𣺡
ǳͨһ͸ֵˡ
л˵
ֵħұҩɲݿ⣬׼Ϳô
PSҽô͸ˣҪҪһôô~


31 
⾿ô£ֵһĨ, ֻڵᣬǵаʱˮ
ǳڵϣȥֿϴаȥҩ, ӡӱ, ˭֪ϳݣûɣ˵Ҫ, ӱ㡭˳ֽ, ڣסûᡭʲô¡
ǳ˵󣬵ɢȥ, ϸӬ
ֵֻ˻, Ĺ
Ͼ, Ҳ⡱ǳȥаߣǳʾ£֮, ˭롭аôײУ
ŵĽ굤ȥ
Ŷ, , 
ðǶôǿ, ǡ
ͷһ, ֵɫһ, ǸҪƤ仧ˣ
һɣؽ
ֵһϴؽʱĹ⾰, ̲סֲһ, , ай, ҲԲؽܳһϴء
ֵɫһ, ͷʦ𣺡㲻Ҫһ֮ô
ʦ𣺡
֮ڣòؽ굤ұ֮ţ
ɱصĻһʦסˣҩǳסˡ
ǡս
ԡţ
棿
ˣҳŻкδڵıҪޱʹ࣬綼ˣ
ֵԶ˶룬ɶ˼
еӷɱ֪ΪΣֵ¾ͻһһɶܹ˵ġ
ɻͷһ룬˵ⶼڶԷˣؼħˣ
ںޡŭֵػźݾ˵
ŵĵЩɵֵۡ𡭡ס
ɳ⣬ŵӣ
ֵһͷըˣôΣ׼۹⣬˳̶ǰɣ
ȵȣֵƳèڵϵ
ո˵ʲôţҳŻкδڵıҪ
ҲǣҪǹǻɶսɶš
뵽㣬ֵٴκݺһ۳ʦȴܿƵĿڿɻصĴӡ
˭֪ʦǹֱֱӻأȫӶˣ
ֵûһѪ˾

붼룡
㶣Щûߣֵ״ֺǳһô£
ֱףʶԼıͷǲǳò̫ϲ
ػ֮Ƿɿ콫ŰݷõԵ˵˳˵ʦʦֽŭ˲ٳ񣬿ŭȷ˻š
ֵٴûػؾˣʲô񣬱ȵħôȵϽ굤ô
ۼӻԭأֵٴη˻𣺡ʲô£
ЩԼıͷ˵ܶˣСţǧš⣬ŴϣҪˣ
ʲô
˻һֵúӶˣ˭ô˭ưһѱˣƵǸˣ
ǳ޿֣ŵĲ´Ь&amp;@%ֵ𶼻˰˰ֻⲻҪĳ죬˼ŴǸֻȥˡ롱
ֵתʦۼĿ⾼ҪԼǲܳȥˣֵһȥ
ȥǱŰ㣡ˣôʾˣ
ŽžܸܵһȺ쳣ȵĿϮĪЩѹܿͻָ糣һ쳣ϵصӵݸֵ
׸ŵ⣬Цɣ˳а̹Ļ˵һ䲻뿪֮£
а˵ŭͬǧ򲻿ֱӾʦѺһ£ҪڳһҾߣԲBBļƣŲƼ
ֵһɨ˵ӣͿŰѹ׵Ķ͹ˡ
ۼҪߣ̴ֵ󾪣ȥĶ
ô궫һ仰˵ҪˣѵӦÿһʦʦֽô
͵Ȼţ

ҳ׼
ôһ룬ܺϳŴӶˣѹ׵ĺöҲˣ͵Ȼǲɢӡ̸㲻ңˣ
ֵûһڲԼƫѸ١ˮп쵶նļơ
סֵ䶶˭ͣµһ仰ǣ𣬿ɷȷʦֽţ
аҲˣҪ˲ֱҪʦ𣬵Ҫʦʦ㣬ͼ֮ú
޳ܣôô޳ܣֵʶסԼĿڣۼ˾Ҫߣֵܵ˳ı
ҪʹԷһ٣˭֪Էôơ
ţֵҧгݣ˼ȥȥ벻̬֮ôչֻܾ䡣
л״ֵһֿ֣ˣֵֻ
һߣֵָӺܿȥΡ
ǻѾ˹Ƿ컹һֱ˯š
鷳Ļ̌ƸԼߣ֪ǳŵˣ
͵ȡ鵤Щ¶û꣡
ʲôƴ󾪣ʲô͵鵤
ǡŸɵĺ£ǲ֪أ˵ҩˣ𶼱ˣ˰߳ŵ˻װβأ
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ò׵ȵԷˣȴԶаֱŽЦӯӯؿǡ
ааƺͬĺ˳аǵԼץסһ㣬תܣ
붼û׷ȥ۵ҩȴڴ˿̷֡Ƕ䣡
ǽʿѧ֮յ䣬ѵŻһʿ
ܿ죬ͣˣҩ붼ûܴ״ȥˣţز¶
Ϸ崦Ŵؽһ䣺ţ
ЦأСүɲΪϺȵģһϵĺֺǺǵؿؽаȳֱ֮ιҩκˣͬؽһȥ˽
䣬ȻƮƮȻĿͶΣֲһ䣺һС̫˳ˣ
ţǡơͻᱻߣҲֵ֪ôģѵǳһ£һ㶼ƽϣԸֱӷߣ
룬Կһ䣺ֵȻȣǴǣ
ؽȴݸ˵аĻźöΪ˳Ϳճš궫Ϊ˱ܿˡȾʦֽ㣬ȻҲΪ˺֡
ֻǲֵ֪СжôѸ٣ԲЩʲô˼أ쿪ԲҪżҲǲܣ
߰ɣȥͺŵ˻ϣؽЦֵ˵ļ
ٺ٣˵ֺǣŶڵ˻ܣ
Ϸȫݼôɣ
л˵
ֵУŲҪŲҪŲҪ*1008



32 
˿ڴ, ҩӱʾԼ䶨ԭأȴ˵Ϣ֮ʱֵ̾Ϳ, ҧгݵô
Źֵü, һſȴ˲һ䣺Ӧð
ʲôӦã
˵ɶأ
ֵ۵Сۣ»ȴðأô֪ʲô, ֻ֪ڲǰ, аȥȰˣ
Ȼȥҩ鵤ˣ
ڡȻˡ
Ȼ飬Ȱѳʦų, ֻҪʦ, Ϊʲô, ԹԻǽ͡
ֵȴǣ, Ȼʦٳָⳤžˣ
붼û, ֵ;ܾ, ҾԼòûֱһ衣
Ƕû뵽ǣûȶ, ӴϲŹŵӰѳŵץ, ץ, 鵤
ʲô
ֵ, һֱ˼ҪҪֱӸ¶ҩȴವһ¾ͳ˳ȥ
, ޵һݵĻʾ, ıĻˣ
н굤, вСҩҲһˡ
ŵһ, ޱĳֵһʾмգ䲻֪ڳ˺£гŵӹҪ뿪Ǿ͡˸ۣȽˣ˻
ͻððҩϲ̲סļ򣬺Ȼ֮ǰ˺Ų
һϸ룬ŲǳŵаЦˣֻεĿһ
ǱУֻͷۻʹΧִֵڽ⣬һֻ̣ϵţƺԼ
Ȼһȴպԭͷϵħڵء
⽣ڵص죬ֵҩ뿴ȥ̶󾪣ⲻħô
ڡȻҲˣ
ֵǰֱյסǵĽ֣Сǰʧɫħħή춼ƺþȫ˳˯
⵽ô£
ֵ⻰һߵʦ̺۱ʾǲŲʦ˵ô赭дֻǽ˳ŵĵӡ
볤ŵӺݺݴһܣΪˣ仹֡
죡ǳһֵ̱ʾ¶ϵش󣬻ܽϸһһ˵Լ
ȴȻֵ˹֣ʾ˷ΪİﵽɷҲܴҩǣϾʦΣ
ֱӹȥջ鵤Сҩ޴ϲóͷԵҩ𣬶˵ȴӦҪ󡣼ԼʦͶɻĿ⣬Ҳ˲ýͣææתʹԼҵȻҩ塣
ֵ̾˿תشϣ俪ڽһС
ͷʾʵһʼǲ֪͵Ķֻ֮ǰ볤ŵĵайһ֮ԵԵǿаȻԼʦʦ׷ɱʱȻҲҪҪ˫侲һ¡
ȴǲŸյ׷аваıа޵úܲңϾͷ붼Ͷа֡
Ҳһʱ鼱֣¶ԼȴȴһᣬҪֱɱǵĳ嶯
û취˫ֻܽսܿ죬ʦþ·磬Ƕа߱Ǿ뷨跨׼·
ҲһʱŽʦ֣󵽵׽˴˻Ҳ˸
ֵϻԵ벻ϱҡͷǣüͷԽԽ󻰷һתаںδ
ܿǳˣʾаˣڡڵƫ
Ƕֵмֲ죬𣿡
ǳȴҡҡͷʾҪ»õһϾаܼҲʲʲô
ǱѹƲܿڣ˿ȴҲ׹ǰصɴ۾Թ˵ļˣֻһ̶ޱȵİ
ǣȷʵһ׷аȥˣͲǺŵ˵ǰ㣡
һʼŵӾаǱ߶ˣһаȻתЦųˣ껹ڳŵʱ˺ݺ˲顣
ڰֻأĹ˭
㿴ںڹǿִԲرʺǣаյߣһץƵͷһȭֱӽΣ֮󣬰ѽ굤ͬ͵ĲҩȫŵƵϡ
аߵǵǰǻваһУʦ𣬶ܷŹ
аȴаƵĹһЦʾʦǧֻҪȥκһŵ𣬶Źŵǣ
ȥǸţҶа취ˣ֪𣿡а֣Ǻ庢һǵա
վһ飬ҪҪҲŪιȥ
аȴһЦħŵϺʾҪĿһУϸĿţԼ׻ΰںڹεؽʵʵؿ۵ȥ
ͷ˷䣬ܶ
˿̣֮ޣԼܿڣԼԼа֮ǰûֹаζ벻ɳаȻ˿ֲ
аƣ
ǽ󵽵׻˭ֹа裡
뵽ǹ˲Լϵʹڴֻһ䶯ȵĿͶʾԼϵȥ
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ֵЦһҲ֪Ǻ飬ڸǰȷʵñ£
ˣˣ
ֻԴ¡һ͸ըѿˣ֪֮Լô磬ָʹа͵ڹעᱻˡ
ȥʦֵ˻һζһиˣûʲô飬ȴȻʧȥ˶־
ƣʦ𲻻ᱣκˡǿеƣ˿ֻ뺰һô˵ǧ򶼲ٰһƵаϣ˿ԽԽ֤һжָʹĺۼ
ܿ죬ʦ˴ڳΪάϵԼϣһԼԼôǱ
ڵһ仰ȴǸű߼ʵģʦַأ
ǣ
ֵ𣺡
ڳˣ
Ϳ˵ůĻôô죿
ΪĵӡǸ䵽ĵطȥˣ˻һֳһƬš
ܿ죬Լųȥɴڻеķ죬̧˹
ˣֵ˿һڲˣתͷǳȥаҲɣ
ʲôаȻһ˼һаˣôһУƵаȥ
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33 
ǳȥ, ˴һ·ƫǰУûߵƫſ, ŵƷݱʳɢ
һһ߿ƫ, ǳͷѾ˲ֹһŭbuffƫûĳ˻֣Ӵˣ
ǳǰһݻҪߣӾȥǸɼܵĳ嶯, 뵽ֵ, ǳһԵĽãֵȥ
õͷ۾ͮͮĻǳǳ, Ҳͮͮ, ǿһһ, ȻʵǣǱã
ò˵, ؽȻų֮ˡȻɣʳ, ǻǺܽӵģ
ŵִ, գͷˣƼû, ķȣɫɲ, ոû
ֻǽһص, ϧֻ߲Ģ, ҪǼ, Ŷ, ֱȥˣ
ǳԭѾȥ, Ȼһ䣺ⶫó, 㻹ô
ͳըˣʲôƢαװӦеȣ˿̶ֻΪһθԴɱģ
ûоûʲôף
ǳǣѾ㹻Ƣˣ
˻һһЦ˳
ǳϵЦεǳ࣬Ȱļ򣺡ѽ˺˶鰡Ҫô
ǳֱӺһýõִļ䣬ɫϣسŵ
֪ɱǧļһﵽôεǰģõвҪǲǣǾͰֱǧŵȥܴ׬һʣ
⣬ֻҪǳԸǣ黹ơܰ׷ʧԵ鵤ЩСݡ
Щ͵ôǳ޵
ǰ鵤ڲѡ鵤ھͻǳȥεһȦٱǷѾ
˵Ļô
ֱ˷ָ޳ܣ
ǳѪϧǡ򲻹еǸŰɫҵˡ
򲻹Ǳèһ㱻Ǹţǳֻô˿̵Լ쳣ĿС
¶ĴӦ˽õİæǳԹۣҪ׼ôٰ͵ȥĶͻص
һĻֱǳĿȥˣƲ⣺һʼþͲ׼Ҫ鵤ݣô࣬޷ǡֻΪʦֽ㱳ڹˣ
һʼ̸鵤ˣˣ
˼ˣǳɫȻ̫ÿ
㣡
һŴӵƱúֱ˦ǳϡ
ǳ˿ƣֿ˿ںĽãʶüͷ㵨ƵͷϣͲ³£
ôҵİ⣬ǳ벻ס
б۴ǳһۣȻǳһ⣺ͲɻֵȻ͸һУΪʲôһֱڶֹô
ǳֽüͷ˼⣬˼ãɵòһȷеĴֻ֮ٴοãżֿʾΪʲô
ЦҲ˼أΪ˵£Сٲģ
ǳ
ൽٵ죬󡭡ۿʪˣǱúݺ۸һһ㡣
һߵеĲ̣ʾ⽪òˣô۸Сӣ
úЦĹǣ۾˵⡭ʵҲûס
ڽߵؽȴֵǸСëͷǾϲôõĽֱȥȻҲ
ǳ뽪һǰһȥ˴ǳûӸոնԻĴ˿ȥģֱֵü
⵽ôˣ
ֵ뿪ʽ飬ߵĳʦȷѣָŽõʽãΪҪ͵鵤˴õ
˭룬Ļ䣬þ۵һίģֱúŵĵ̾Ϊֹ
һǸɣ˵ֱǻ˸ˣ
ֵ𵭵ƳһôżæģǡҪʲôһ㡣
ǰĽȴ޵ͣˣˣɴһƨϲˡ
ֵЩͷʹۼҪǳ⽪ãɴȳˣ
ֵʾ԰꣬ºԼеĽãô£Լ˵
Ϸôãȵãɲֵһ仰ô
ÿȥԼǵᣬſͰ͵Ķֵӣԭһʼǳѡӣ
Ҫһҩģʦʦ㶼Ͻ񣬲䵽ʦͷȥԭʦҪһϧ;ʦʦ˵ֻҪҽΪ£
һϯֻñڴϵѪƴţϧֱֵһüһʩѹֻŽ˵
ڳʱ쳣Ľʦ֣ȻԸģǡ˵̲סֿ˭룬ǶʦΪ͵鵤ľ֣
ʲô˶ɻĿ˽ã
һӲʦǾͺ޲ҲҲ֪ʹ˶ٴʦ֣һ£ȴγң
ٺǴҾȻȥˣңգǣǾȥ
֮󣬷ʦʦɸ𣬵ԭһЩҩ͵Ҫȥ͸ǣ˭֪ʦɱ⣬һ·׷ȥǺѹѹɽ±ߣ
˵úʧһ̧ͷǱҪжж
Ҷɱ¾䣡
˿̴֮ϣѻȸһ䶼졣ֵüͷ£
һԼһ㣬ſڵɽʹúüζΪҪȥˣȴһѽһ˸ˣ
ʲôˣֵ뵽ŵġܡãҡҡͷ˵Ҳûգ̵ֽ֮壬֮һźɢˡ
ֵ˿
ֵǱ߳ɹأò뵽ؽ¸˵ؽģǷһծ
ÿһԼľ渵ӴӽѺһʱϲ붼ûȥʦʦǣ
˵ͷѰӾǱڵΪѣ֮󣬵һ뵽±ǻţĸҲ޿ɺǡ
û룬˵ʹǰѾҵĽ˵Ƚɷԭ˵ʦʦ㲻ã
ǣⳡֵĿʼȻͼƴļƣǺ޲ȥɱһ㣺ʦֺ˵ܵΪ굤˵ÿԹʦʦ޺ɹǣȥǵȡ˳ȥҩҩݣöٹöٹ
ʦֻ˵ϢʦģֻϧʦҲԲֻתң
˵Ȼһ⻰ﻰìͷָ̾ͱ
õͷ˳Ļͷ½ӣûʦֺ˵ģ

ӵʱһʦԸ飬ʦ˵˵󣬾ȡˣʦҲֵͣ˵ƣ͵͵ȥҩ壡ǰѽָ£ȡ鵤
ǣȡҩ֮󣬽˳ĬҲ޷ٽΡǵӱϵʦ֣ΣʦʦǴг
˵Լ۾ֲܹһ㡣
˭룬Ƕˣųʹжȡǽ굤ħ֮ҩű䣬ϣɾ
仰˵꣬ĺŵһ䣺ԭˣ
ֵɻİĿͶϣ䵹Ǵ󷽷ǰֵȥʱ򣬿ɲø˶Žóôʱǻɻ󣬶ͬʦֵܣΪҪ֣
ڿ
ô˵ˣҲĬˡ
ã̾˿վֵֹһݣֵ𣬿ɷҰ
ӣҲԸ֮ˣ
һʱ䣬ԭ˼˵ЩǷʵֵӷ·˿ǡ
ɻû˼꣬ʦȴǲһ¾վԼŭй˲Զϡ
˴治
ʱԸȥ͵˼鵤ˣ
㾹˳ˣ

ǱڵϣһԹĳԼʦŭѹڵˣǱŷֻܰҪɱ˵ĿͶá
ûͷǰٿĪģֻҰֻһ㹴Լǡ
ٿĪζʹô
ţʹͺãǵǷаģҶһһֻ
ʦ˵ĹϵϳڹԸԳᱻӴϣֱȰѺڹȥϡ
⣬䲻֪ΪΣƺԸа߳ţ˵ֱӰһ˵Ҫ϶ţһ֮¿϶Ȳܲ˵ǣߣֵ˼·Ҳᱻϡ
ڣ¾㱸ֻһС
ʦ𣬵ӽλ͵ȡ鵤˴ӳʦŰɣ
˻ΣĬãſڵԭʦָʹģ㲻
ʦ𡭡Լ׼δʦأ
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34 
ΪѵĻͷֵ, ֵҲʱĿһҧ, ͷԼǸɹ, ˣ
޷ͬһ㣡
Ǳ۾ֻһ, , һ֮ȥجΡ
黹û꣬õǵɹ֮ֵһ, ʾΪͷĵ, ӿֱӽ䡣
۾, վԼԶаŶã
Բѡɹ, Լʦɹ, Ҫ䡭, Ľ֣ǵõ, аŵĽô
, ˵ߵ
ҧ, ȴעʹࡣ
ù˹, ȻʦԶɱ¾, , ʦδ
ͷһ, ʶͿԶе, һܸ̽ܵɹ˺صˣҲ֪ƵЩʲô飬˵Щöɹǣȫˣ
ĬúȻֳֵ˰ݣƺл˵
˿ֻ̣ԼǱڼϷ˿Ѽӣⶼˡ
Ϊ˷ֹ˵ֵĻȿڣơСпɽ̻ź󣬱Իúýѵȵ꣬ٴξ䣡
˵Ǵڽѵʵӣ»žҪôҩȥơ
ЦһȻҲֵʦˣֽΡֶŭ񻹻ţǻ᳤ˣɷʹˣŹƣ
ؿãûɣ
áȻڸ飿
ÿһһתʦǻͬΪʦ㣬ó౦Ϊ⳥
ⱦУһɴ붼ûľ˳ŽõĻͷӦĻСؿֵһۡ
ֵͱһ֣ҾЦЦ˵ı鿴һһ͵ˡ
ֻһͷ˵úۣⷢ䣬㳤Ŷһаŵװˣʲô
һֵùǳϵصıﵥӣȰ°ȥ°Ŀŵϣ˼ĸħ
˵⽣ͬ˵
õͷ
֪Ϊ⽣ͬ˵
óĬֵ̾˿˽Ϊ
Ľղ
ֵ˵㽪õȻֵǣȥǴ𰸶ǱʲôĨȥһ㣬ѵ㲻õ
ֵüͷٴʽã㵱Ը
Ƚûشȴһǰ˽֮ǰֵ˹֣Сʦã
֮ǣҳŵӣɰ
ֵ𿴶ûһۣóĬţֵһֿۣһۡ
ʵżɴֱȥ˽ߣһΡرѺõס˽õ֣ģóһöϴݸãЩӣܿˣȻ֮ʦʦʦǸ
һõͷھĻ˵м־Ӹζ
òΪֲһ䣺аҪ֣
󲻵Ƚÿ˵תֵʾŵӣһСģʵڲκһˣֵܹ
ֵԽ˼֣Ҫ֮⡣ȻõĻɽ
ʲôֵվֻ仰ȥôô죬ĴξֽˣǸ˶ƣ
ǡ͡ŵĵĴյֵߣؽִ˹ȥȻ̾ͼֵɫ
ûֵ𣬵ؽ֣Ŀ̲סǺݺһʹ궤ζȻܣ
ǸƤ仧ֵŭžҪߣ֪뵽ʲôȻתŵ˳š
Ӵˣţܡˮ𣡡
´ټ棬ϵͲˣ

˵գֵ𼱴ҴҵˣʣµҲĿǡ
ȴ˿ȫˣҲ㲻ˡ
ǣֵߺ󣬺ŵӲ֪ΪҲʾ֮ţ֪ͨŵǳš
ӴˣҲ볤Żܡˮ𣡸ǣ
ҲͰˣųʲô֣
һ˻ͷ뿪֮
֧סа׼úаһʲô
ô̵ʱ䣬Ϊξˣ
֪ͨʿ˵Ҳһ꣬Ŷã㾿ʲô
ɲˣаʵʵش𣬷ɣҲ̷㣡

ԭΪûẦ£˭֪㱻в߶õ۽Ĩĵİ
вԼع˹쳣ȷҪ֣
ƣȻǼŭԭһ궤֮ʹ˼ؽӦֵڲ˲ߣɴ಻ֱ̣ӶŽó֣Ҫɷһɷõ硣
ⲻ֪һ룬ĿڵʹƵķ簵ˮһӿ˶ಽŵסΣǰһƬڣҲҪʹȥһ㡣
ħզզƺԹôڲٻԼгƨˣ
ϼһҪ֣ħһǰ쳣˷ܵʽã׼ô֣ϷУ
ħֹסĸˣ
ã
Ρˣ
ΪؽһĴˣѾƮƮǰ档
֪˶ã궤ʹһ̧ͷȴײؽУһ͸ؽˡ
˭ܸؽΪʲôôϢĳ
ԶǡñҩѵƼĹҪ״˭֪ԶԶأͿ˵аǰ棬ȻǸˣ¹ˣ
ƸоԼƺʲôںȻ
붼ûͳ˹ȥϣ
֮Ƶһʱһٵаǰˣŵ飬˲ʲô֣
һ̧ͷײؽУǰⳬ⡢һ̶˫𻯶ɵľʱסˡ
һˡôԾˣ
ơһĴ棡
ʦãĹɹǣȻոѾҩƹˣվȲ֮ǰ
ƿ˿Ǳǣֿ˿ǰһȾؽֻáؽǰȥǣҲֻһؽȥ
ǣЩɬĿڣ
ǰؽȴĶˣƣѪ
ֱ˿̣ʶ֮ǰڣؽ˵ģ´ξȡɹһԣ٣
ˣָãѪȵؽ£Ҫа
ҳ£ɢˣ
ؽסˣȴһȻɴԼ۾׹ߡ
ʲô˼
ʲôǰа
һаʲôϵأ
ƿؽҲؽֿؽԼĽá
а㾿ʲô
ò˵Ъ˹һУʵҲŵ˽ãÿĿŤƣħ˼
ƨ£ˣһԼࡣ
ȴĵǰҪԽö֣ɻûߣͱؽһ˳ȥ
Ӧ죬ʱƣûٴˡ
ǺˣΪҪʦ֣
˽ɫĿؽаóӦʶȻǷǵĴһǲҲ̫ˣ
𶯣
ȻײײǰһѴģȴĽ
Сͽ£ȿȿȣϣȿȿȣҪƽϣ˵仰Ѫ˿ֻԼ˵޲ӻسбչ
ϣʦΪκΪϣѾ⣬ԼΪʲôҪޣȴܿƵð
ƿˣĸǻˣؽġ
ʦʦ֣ʦ㣡ʦ֣ԶԶأгŵˡ
ϵڶȴӣʦ𡢴Ӷڣڴ֣ƫǧŽµĴˣΣֻһ·׷ŵʦ
ҵˣɵ˸ǰȴʦȻѪģɴԼ۾һŵģ
£ֱŵӲγһ㣬ݺݵء
ʵؽ̫ˣ˶ˡ
˵ִߴһӲȻ񣬲ҶͣĽǧŴʦϢ˵ڡ
ǧŽµĴӡޣ
õ۾Ծ֣ؽ䣬·˵ˣҳþհɣ
ؽźۼüͷȴһ̣תס˽õ֡
ɸߣؽŽã˵ãٺ
˼ȴԥҡҡͷԾԼޣծֶǷǷɣ
οȥ˳ţڳҲ⡣ڣ볤ŵʱ
þܾؽ̾ˣһίУǵýö̧ͷ
ȻؽͷǣոʱɣǺˣ
γѣǣʲôˣƾʲô
һָ˽ãһ飬ٴλߵĴˣһ쳣ݲҲɵ
ǱɵˣȻҪ
ã
л˵
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װȣǡֱӴؼң
PSﶼľղҵСľģ(is^ti)


35 һ
ؽ˻һ, ǱסˣþöŴԼ͡
ؽȴӶ, ֺֻĽõļ, û֮ҲҪͨԼ
˵գؽתһ˻ζ񣬺뿪
ÿö, ֪Ϊȴܾ, ˡƺе
ؽߺʵ˲٣˿ûղŵ, ԽŭĿӵһ, ס, ʾҪ
һ˾ͱֹġгص˳ţſ, һ۾Ϳ˵ȺʱޡһͷµġС
˵С, ֵ, ü߶߶ݵ쵱ˡ
ֻǿϴŵĳŷһ˲Ļ, ˡҲǳŵӣ
֮Ŷȵȴϵ, һǰʾҪ, һֽϹϾӭڡ
·Сʱ, ǽõ̫, СҲ̧ͷһ, ȴ͵صͷ, ĬĬõ˳ŵһߡ
˼
ðԴ, Եҹ˾ʱץСӣһĹϵ
𣡡޹ֱȭǰһȴԾ䵽аϡ
֮ǰؤʱڵȣа·Ѿһ㣬üۼ䶼Ůᣬһġ
޲ԾƿԼĿ⣬ֻ㱼һǰ˵˺߳Ļع𣚣ں֮ޣŮӺϡ1
ʶսԼȭͷаѾߵǰոҪкаĿֹ֮ɫޱɴתһδʶģ
óŴʾ֮ǰǧʧʦ˼صŰݷãϣ˫Ծʹ˻ɸΪ񲯣ԡ
мĳԾԾææӹİȷԣ̲סϲ
ôǧŵ˽ᡣ
οǧŵı£ȥŴˡ
¿¿Ǻӡ
ãðп䣬תԸŵӿϺò裡
˭֪ŵȴһ
ôˣãûмƽӵĹȴ¶ɫ̲סյ߱ʾⳤŵĺò衭ʦȥˡ
̲ס˳飬ֿڴһ߲֪ʲôޣԼֱһߵǼӡ
̲סһѹԸŵӣˣӣȥѱ
ȻΪ
ʶüͷ̲סȷһ飺衭Ҳȥˣ
ӵͷȻȻֲһ䣺裬ıʦȥˣ
ˣ̲סۡ
ʶԼζܵǧĵӣʹóԼƣǡȥȥѱ°̳
⻰˵꣬ͿĵҲѧԼһ˳顣
ô
ǳһ䣬ȴվ˳ʦһŮ졭Ӷȥˣ
һ˲ĳĬĬ֮󣬾ʹļ׵ŭȱ۰
ǣҲˣȥпԭ
˿ĺþƣȥôãԼ᲻óһڵľƣȻûһ棬ͳ˱˼ҵĶˡ
оԼĿڵ궤ʹ˼֡
㣬㡭˵˺ü֣תǧص֮ѹͷĻֻһ֣
޵ǸҺ˼ԭҲ棬ֻӻ֣ʾԼˣϣиطϢһ¡
̷Ըǰ޴ȥߵĿͷ
˵ߵĿͷʵԭơǼĵطϾû취ֻһϸ
뿪ǰ̲סаһۣȻƣվݸеߵŮ˭
ԭ쳣޶̲סаĿһƻЩƲס³Ѫ
ֻЦűʾŵ࣬ƽǶһ𣬹ʶӣʵ죡
һ㶼˵ˣе˶а
ȴƫƣ㲻һվһŵģֶɣ
аޱĻֲ֣һ䣺ʦĵӣ»ʲôʵģԵʦѯʣ
˼Ŀһۣͷûٶ˵ʲôƵ
ߺŴ˵ܲ
ԭȥѾʦʦѺ´˴
֪
Ӳ֪δ֮У
žһ죬䵽Ϸڴ⣬ȽȴԾĴ򶶡
аѾ˱ļ䣬⸱ȴɼǵϵʹ
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ʱаأһҹһ졭һܣ
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֣Ǻ庢һ㣬ַŵԼĿĬĬа£ծҰ֣
磡һţ߿˴ţڲڻӶޡǾȻҲԱ߻Ӷޡ
˺黨ˣȴҧԼûƺѾ׼ҪˣҪйŭˣ
㡭ȣʲôŭ忪˵һ֣뵽ؽ̲סҲȥ
ʦȥĶЩӣģ
˵ѵתǳ⽪ã֪֮£ⵥ
£޹أֿһҧһͷаϣȥ
˿ֿ˿аƺҵϵ˵㣬̲סЦűʾȻ˵ˣ޹أͲڴˡ
Ѿǰװǫǫһ󷽵а뿪ȴֻ˲˵ʦ𻹻Źˣʦҡһ
֮⣬Ҫȫаŭ𣬶йϡ
񶼻صˣаôҲԽʦȥȻаôںҲҪΪĸо
óǣŲȴ˿
ʦãߣŭһ䣬ڱʾ£Ĵ
δʦ˳ŵıȥд֮ʦҪηԸܣ
㿴ٴƵĻû˵꣬ͼһĽֱԼŶͲһ㣬Ͳһ㣬ͻᱻаɱⳤŵĴϣ
Լţа񣬾ײ˹һ㡣
аѾƹֱȥģǷ˶٣ҿ⣡
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36 
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˾ȥ, ֻıʾӾУ
ģ, мڵ䱦һ㡣
Ҫڳ䣬ȴֱˣлؽ, Ǯ, ӦҲؽ
ؽʲôأǿһڵɣȻֿ޶ëĻᣬʲôƴǵأ
̧ͷѾ, ߵ, Ҫȥס
, Ҿȴˣ
ȴֱһԭشܿ˽õ֡
ã
ºûϵܾǿ, õǼᶨ
һһ˵, Сʦ, £
ûֿ㲻һ˰ȫ°ɣ
ԭһЩ£ľ󣬵ǳ˽õԤϡ
û, תͷʦԼѡɣǳ, ǧŵǰб, , ֱǮ£
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аΣǵʦ𰡣һִǣ
ÿþáƽ͵˵һ䣺Ǵǣң
ĬǧίѹвԸ˵ڵаվûټȥ
һǰһ󣬳ĬߵĿͷֻƵҩ
䲻Ըа磬ţʦǲ˺Ϳģֻһŭ֮£Żƫƫţ˳ͷˣ
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Ȼˣֺαںһʱһ̵ĵʧأ
ƺĻЦЦһ䣺˵Ҳǣ
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ίˣȱõҽɹ˵ҩģضκˣ
ţȴǵͷȺۿֹĿûʲôģֻ뵽ʦãʦõҩģиʦưɣ
ⷬ˵쳣У۾ֿĸ飬̲סǵļ򣺡úӣ֪Ǹõģܹƣʦ֣ˣ
ȴҡҡͷҪߡ
Ҫһ̣͵ʲôһ㣬ʾȥԼҩĶѨ
Ǹ˲еСѨķֱɱ¾仹ΪҼֵǵҩת
˵ǧŶУйֻŴԶԶĿһΡ
벻ףʦΪλӵǧִŵĶڵ
ǧ֪ô֪ΪγŴδʽύ
˵ȥʦãɹҪھͽҩţ죬ҿԵļƣҪף£
˵ֱ̾˿Ҫչһ£ʱ˾æտţ
ǵͷӦ£룬һؼƵݸǣҩδʱȳҩ趥һ
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㰲ĵʾǿ뿪ˣԼҪһ⳥ӳ
뿪Ѩ붼ûȥߵĿͷƣȴڰ·
ʦãôˣؽҩݸƣ
ת˼ֺ㬵ҩ裬Լȴڷıԭȥ
ҲûдߴƣԭҪٰοƼ䣬˭֪תڣЩͷôߣ
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ǻ˻ҩݣƼ״ԼҪһȥʦ֡
˼룬ЦЦȥʦǼ٣ȥǧŵӲɣ
ԴڶѨת֮ҲǧŵĵӲ˼Ȥԣʹһȥ
û뵽ǣȵȥͷǧŵӾȻڱĸҩһҩһʲԶаһЩйڳŵ顣
㡭ô
ƺ޵ǽһؽޣаôô޳ܣʲô˶ϸڣ
̧ͷһۣȤջԼĿ⡣
㣡ǰҪһסõ֡
ö㿪󣬺ȻЦŵƣôܻǧŵǰĺ
ƵŤˣ̶ֺ̼ԼЦӭޣʾԼǳʦµĴӣҪ֪ŵ飬ٺòˡ
޿һ۽ãֿһƣһ䣺أаã
һ仰ŭգҰԼĻֻתʽãʲô
ЦſƮƮһ䣺ǲϹʦϵˣ
㶣̻ͷĿҲǡóͶ
˹ȥϵˣۿʾԼȥʦ𣬲ˣ
ɫѱĿƣֿ˿ԶƵĽá
֣ƿܵͷβûһᣬˣȴǽã˾޴۵ģҲǽã
ƣʦǲˣӦ֪淢顣ЦЦⲻʲô£ȥʦýҲ¶ˡ
䣬͸е޸Լҩַƺֱ˲٣ʹֹ
ˣ޺һߵаȥ㲻˵Ҫȥôߣ㣡
㣬ǻҪȥưθԼ
ԼдֵıʣЦôᵭǰҪȥҪ֪Ļ
ðìͷ׼ǣȥǣӦúԭ򣡡
ʲôƻͷǣǲɼüӦھͿӦʦˣ
ǡЦһ￴Ӧã
߰ɣʦ׼ת棬ޣҪŵаȥߣ˵գѾȻǰŽԼ֡
һ֣ý÷֣Լ޵ĺͷ񣬻޲ϡ
˿δ
л˵
ãȻҼŮĵ·һ·񱼣
PSˣģСɰôQWQһôô~


37 
, Ѿɷ˵ǰס˽õ֣ͷʾ⡣
ţߣûԥ, ת뿪֮ʱǵľ, Ʊιȥˡ
ǡɽûͷ֮ʱһߵֱƣһĿ⸴ӵĿ, ƺҪµ˼
̲סϸԼ۾
ע⵽˽õ仯, սõֱۣγѰ㣬Ҳһ, 뿪
Ƽ, ˿Ǵлĺʱ⡣
ΪƼٵ, ܲǱЩƣ, ˿⡣
˺ڸۡţžķѩ, ЩЦ˿Լ, һ
ӵа֮͸ǸصĴҩ, Լ尴аĻȥ뺯, ԭΪɹ, Ͼһ򶼲ύ
˭֪ڸո, ҩȻĴԼĴ
аĵӱм־η, ܸ֪, аҪһʴ, Ƽҵ, һã
ֻǣôˣҲ֪аʱŻᵽĸۡ
ٵңҪȽůůȥɣ
ߵĴܼҲŽ⻰˵ڣͼԼٵѾææӭ˳ȥӭˡһǺ«СѾͷ
ܼұ˲ЩһѾ
˿̣һͷƼҵĸۡһ߳Ǻ«⻹޸ոġ
ʲôԵû˵ǽֿڵ֥ζҲܲԭֿտյޣ˿ѱ˸ɫͷʳûͷܾ˷ܵӣǺ޲춼Ͷιһ㡣
óһͷͼѾӸۡڿ첽ߵǰ
аþòŽüǸʱģ
ţõͷҩˣ
ѵᶨһͷҪӭýȥ˭֪ڽȴͣ˽Ų
ϻǧŷǧ䲻֪ΪһͬҪȥˣԸſڣȽ¡
ţ޾Ͳȥ˸ۡ࣬һֱſڡ
һȥ޵֮󣬽һͬ˳
º͵ЦЦ߽ãҪ£ԼףȽ¡
ãҪȥһ𣡡
ң޾ȵָԼ
û㣡Ц
ƼƫʯϪƵľС¥εضڶ¥мɸĴ
ŽСԺڶ¥ǳһô㣿
˵գõðһǧŵӣ̺ԥ˽
գǽͣҲ֪ǳô˾ҪνǼǰȰ
ǳȴȥһߣŴӶ¥һԾ£ֱָõüġ
ð²ŵ뿪һ㣬ȻҽƼҵ壬ŷ͵͵ԼǺ⣿
üǳ˷ԼգЦһ
ǳ
ʲôˣ˸
ţһڣǳ̲סͺһɫ̾ͺʹϵ
Һ֮䣬Ҫʹϵ𣿡
ԣǳ̲סֺһ㵽
ÿǳǳһЦЦǳЩľ
棬뵽Լʦǳͦȶӡ֪ôʲô⣬֪һ㣬⽪þǧĺ˾׾ܽˣת
ԣģһ˿һ
㣬л˵ƾҪ߹ǳŽȴԾѾ˼
ǳһߵ쳣ɵĽ·𱻲β͵ǳֻ˫ĹϵԼģҪơˡ
ˣˣҴⲻѾڰдô׬ǮЦеĳǳԼָͷʧô࣬϶Ҫ⳥ɣ
ǳûУ
ֵߺ󣬷·˿Ը飬һһͶ뵽Ŵ׼ȥûҪȥ鷳£˵ȥҪˣ
ҩҲ˰ɣ
ǣСѾͷڴʲô⣿ҩѩΣңӣҲӶ¥˳ξȻһǧŵӣһ˲䣬ҩҲ˼Ҫܵͷ
ϾѾͷǧĺ˾㲻ô
ԼӺѩλǿͬʲô㣬
¥һ߲ɫĸ˫裬һߴǳޱģЩЦ벻ԭԵŵӣȻôгͬһ̨ϳԲ衣
ҪõĶȹĿ
ѩβŽӹĿ¼ֱӴλϱ붼룡˵ȫȥһҪԽƽȥͲͬ⡣
볤Ѿôųŵĵӽ
úܳʱ䣬Ŵ֮ƷʯƼԻ͵ȥõĺ˿ڲ裬˿ѩεļң
Ҳܣѩβź仰ֲԸһ䣺ո˵ţ
Ʒʯ
ڣ
ѩֱӵɴԼ۾һʶҲסü˽ãڣƷʯ
ĴţһҲܻһƷʯɣ
ƼĴңҪһ׬һƷʯҲܣ
Ŵʱ䣬һ£ĵԸֳŵ
ߣֻҪӵƣ⽫ƼҲˮ
ҩȿ˵Ƴ˼Ÿոֳĵҩѩνӹһ֣Ӧǧŵŵⵤôڽõϣ
ѵ˵ǧҲȥˣߣֻǽ͵˸֣ĳɵĵ
ǧŲУûı˼ǾζţⵤǼٵģ
һŴϹ
ʲô
Ǳ֪ļƷҩֻĵҲ˵»жʿҪ˷֣
׼ӣԣΪһҪ¯
Ϊǧǲ
ʲô
ѩ˲ɣӯҩڶ࣬ȴΨû뵽ѡǵԭΪǧǵĹϵ
ŲԵóǧŵĵȴ֤ʵȷʵֻ֮Խţⷽģм٣
УѩһƽϣܶǮӲٷҲæٷ
ÿѩǴȻģ㶲Żصⷽģ
ǧžͬ㹫ˣ
ôЦЦȻֲһ䣺ⷽӵǧ˸ҵģ˵ĴӣǳһȲ裡
ѩε̲ס˳飺ǧȱǮˣ
úܳʵҡҡͷȱǮˣ
׬Ǯף
ܺףⷽӶǸҵıԹɱ֮ﲻæ
ѩ˵ҪߣȻһǰסǣ˵ǧŹ˷Ǯ׬׬
ǣѩЦһ˵ǧţǮˣ
ã֮󣬾빧õõĴ𰸣һѩα˱ȭ
ѩΣ
ôоԼø·ˣ
һߣֱߵˮˣһĽλϣأƺµ˽һҪʲô
ֻǣ·̫գ


38 
ѩǳߺ, һߵǰ˼ſڵҪ˵ʦ½ɣ
ó޻˻, ʾȵһ, дһš
ĵĲȥֽдʱֵŴᣬ뵽һ׬Ǯ, ͬ⿪¯, ³֮ñƷʯԹ֮
ţ㼴ɷȥˣñ˵ЦеĿ, ޿˿, ֿ˿, ͵ץץͷ󣬻ǰսõ˼ȥˡ
ðɣһ˽õࡣ
Ԥᷢһ, ƷʯǧôҲȤһ, ǵ֪ҪԼŵĵҩ, ǧŶҪһ
һǧҲΪ϶顣
һ, š
⵨
, ؼ, ǧϵ, ˫ںܳһʱ, , ҲûῪʱ˴˵ôĺ
֮ǰѩʽ, ΪһҪõ¯
ʱ, ûش˵ΪŲΪǽҵĽڡ
ڿǧŴһʼͱͷǸˡ
ЦŻͷŬŬ죬ʾñԼȣһֱʦ˵ɿˡ
ߵݸ裬ҡͷԺҪǱ׷ɱҿһ㶼Ϊʲô
ͣһڲֲ֧֮Цˡ
Ҳм̵ģɣ
ЦŲ֪νӽõĻֻô˿ԡ´ЦĽã·¶ҫ۵Ĺâ
޼ĳź󲻾ã˾Ȼ͵ţǱѩζҪӼ󣬾ʹҳһ˲̨ʼר־衣
һߵİǰӵ֪νҪǧŵŵһʼͬ⣬˵õһƷʯһҪķŵҩļ¯֮ÿһ궼õһǧƷʯ
˼˼֣û̴ӦõĺֻʾҪȻ飬ǿУһպͨ뽪ϵ
ЦӦˣֿӣͬǱŴᵱͽȥ
Ŷǲ׼ӣϸԼ۾벻ͨôſ׬ڵƷʯ֮ÿ껹ٸǧһǧƷʯ
ӵ˼·ӣ㽫ӷҲάÿһǧƷʯ
ϾŵһǷֻԽԽֵǮ
룡СѾͷ׬ôǮүҲôŵĸŵɣ
׬ǮģȻǷӣȴϸһ׼ȷĴ𸴣ֻǶֻСһգգ۾˵ͦƤģ
̿һһǷ̾ͬ˽õĺ
ǧŲҪӵô
ôҲûȥ֮ϵ޸֪ͬѽ
ˣȻûˣϷˣҪǰȻתãˣ
õͷܻĸӣɵ
֮ͽŶΪжˡ
ȴ˼ĴЦЦ佪Ⲩë޶ĺã뵽֮ĺǧֻڵܵõһƷʯ֮ÿ껹Ϲʯ
Ծѹһͷ泩뿪ǰ˵©ıʾýþͺúõĺϢɣ
ȥ뿪תͷѾı˱ȭǱĽǺ޲̰үһĹ
ñЦȥߣһѰסļ򣺡ˣͲˣҪ飬ǲͷϷأ
һʱ׽ΪһξŴϿ׬Ʒʯ˵һ㣬ܳɣԺ׬ڶû⡣
Žеű߻ĴӣֻҺΪƼټʻеġ
ˣм£
Ҷһ֮ǰҼķʯܶһƷʯ
㶣ôҪ٣룬ǮǸŵģҲ̫࣬ԼʮƷʯУ
˵ȴδ뿪ֻԭüͷһԡ
ţ
׬ǮȴҪмˣοأ
ҪǮʱ򣬰ķֳɱʮƷʯܻǮþôǣ
ÿǿͷΪǵļƣЦЦƼǰͨյӵݸ
㿴Ͷˣ
ǡ
׬ǮǴ򹷣ҲҪʹɣʮƷʯȥⵥϵıɣ
ֹǲֱ׬ˣ⼸ζ顢ӣǶϺõɹǵݣ˵ʮƷʯóһζ˵ҲöʮƷʯģ
ԣڳţ׼
ש񣡡ָӣһСŵʦôʶôı֮ǰȥʱҷʦִȥıѾҵ󣬵ǡȫ
٣֮ǰагֵζɹǵݲûȥϣ˵һ˽»˲ٱ
ϵƵɹǣһŰ޸϶˵Ҫʱ򣬰Щöȥ
ڽþ볹ͿճֻһⵥϵĶȫߣǳõȵŴ֮󣬾ͻΪʽҧĹѪ硣
ãԶڰúⳡ֮׵־硣
ĺâһߺܼȥǮһ߸пĵһ쳣µ飡
òͷ㾴η㣬ܺùڽŵװɣ
ô仰ʶü
سŵ·ϣԱƼǰĬ˲٣üͷüζֹȴ֪Ϊֳٳû˵ڡ
ڣͣ˽Ųתޣ˵ʲôţ
ޱôһ˵˼룬Щ˼Լıͷͷ֣һֱʲôϲ֣
ò˼룬ǣ⻰ڵı顭ôôѽ
⻰˼Ժʧ䣬޵ı飬ȴܡ
ý˺þãŽ޵Ļͷ
ҲƼٵ˵ģһ죬һᱻ׷ɱ
㿴ʵڲ֩˿裬֪죬ͻ׹Ԩ
޺Ȼץס˽õĸ첲
ᣡ˵úܼᶨһỤסģ
ȻҲǵޣµĴӣһҵȫҵδס㣡
һ룬Щֵ̿ƿץסԼ֡
Żᱻ׷ɱңǶ㲻ƽ
ЦˣЦȻֱ߻һתʽﻹûжʯ
ֵĿһۣ̽İһСƷʯŵ޵ϡ
ãǮյˣ
Ҫ£Ҳ쵽ģ
ڿʼҵĹǮȻ͵û㣬ûб׷ɱˣҰڽŵף
Ҷᣬһһǣ
л˵
ãҺ񡭡޸·ˣ


39 
Խ˵Խɱ, û֮ǰԼƼĶԻŷӦ, ʲô
ʵøոҪڽ, ޺ĻȻ󣬵Ҳ㲻ϱˣԺÿ£ҡҶҪʯŶ
, ԭñ黹, ǻźġŶ֮󣬽þЩסˡ
׻СԣܵҪסһ㡣
һ˲, õ̲ס, ޻ӵļ, ɴһһļһ߰ο֪, ֪ˣܵã
Ժÿ¶ʯ, 㲻ǽô, ĽҲˣһŵģ, ҲЦˡ
޼ᶨĵͷ, 쳣ϧİѽøոոöƷʯŵԼĿڵλá
˿ĵĻصǰ, Ȼע⵽Ĵӳǰܳȥ, һʱ, ޼״, Ӵһŷ, ĬĬ˷ġ
һ, ΪԼɹѵԶҰóԼӳ͵ĶҪҲһԼɱˡ
ȻոմóһͷסĻᣬһתʧȥ֪
ȵʱֻԼ˽ʵʵڶŴȥĶ
ˣÿƵСëѹȤζĶŪһ
ԶҰ˿ϵĳŷֿ˿ܣȻһ飬Žίý㣬Ȼ㶼ˣͬŵķϣͷ£
Ǹŵĵӣ£ǷңԺ׽㣬ҶͿأ
Ŷ𣿡úЦһʣԶҰһ£ȴסԼƺƷǰѣŲʹκηǳ
Ͳ÷Ҫˣ
ԶҰһ㶣ֿ˿ŷޣȻŽһЦý㣬Ҷûأò˰ɣ
λ磬һǱŵģһ˲ţΣҽԼȥѽ
˫˫ɴ۾û뵽Сëץ£Ȼ˵/Ϸǣ
ϸ룬Ȼʶôһͻᱻϲǣ˵ᱻǸˡ
ϧѽ˭ϵģᶯĻܾϰأ
֪һ㲻СײƱ˵ܣô³ôûսԶҰ
ԶҰһͲܿƵʳᡭô
ᱻȥɹǣѹɽ£ĥ⻹ҵģҵİǱѹɽ꣬ᱻ˲
ⷲ˵ʱ䰡˿ɲһ˵òٳ涼ѾĻòأ
Ȼһᳯ֣ԶҰɫͲܿƵı˱䡣
Ǽˣ˵һ棬͵
иʲô£ûû˵꣬ԶҰͼĿ˳
أ㣬ý㣬Ĵˣ㲻ҪңңңҺüֵģģǻӣ㣬շŹңұرɺã
Ŷǡӣ
һʣԶҰһĵͷ
ĽòţԶҰʾ⽪óԼҪ밵ֻ߽ҪųȥͿϵ
ԡʲôˣ
ԶҰ޵ʵڿҲȥ˼ֶŪ˼תصǰȥ
˵ԶҰɾͲˣɴԼ۾ã۾ֻСһתת̾ͷӦǰ˶ٵСѾͷոմڶ棡
㣡ԶҰЩ˵ֻԼǸӻôΧôһȺ޳ܵļһ
ԶҰת룬ԼҸŹˣинֵŻԼûа
Ҫǰ˲ѾǱԼҸȴץ˵ĵжԣšծܻɴ֪İˣǲףͲԩֶͷȥˣ
УԲУ
ԶҰһף̳ͷ˸Ѫͷ
ϾѾˣ໻һ䣺ܵܲµۣǵжԣܸԼѰ·
ܾܵô΢
ԶҰԽԽᣬԽԽ㣬ǼƣǺ޲˿̾ǰܸɸɴʹ졣
֮ãɤӶˣԶҰſһý㣬Ǹ˵˹㣬õģվһߵģһһץǸһ֮ôͷôͷһ㶼ÿ
޿ԶҰǴסͷԵģ̲סЦĵͷǡ
ٿãɼˣԴԶҰʼ֮͸ɴԼɷĴסԼİڴЦû֦Ҳ
òЦˣòſһԶҰܽԣ磬ܣ
ڿɲиծܻҺͬһĸģɵЩҶûвҺ޹
Ŷծܻѽⲻ
ͣЦȥ̲סǰס˽õļ򣺡ˣ
üǰԶҰǽס̲סִЦЦˣһֳĿǽѵԶҰԺ󣬻Ҳ͵ˣ
ԶҰеڸոն̶̵һʱ䣬ܵǰδеı
Ȼŵˣʲôˣ
ԶҰ˱죬ˣֻȵͷϴ뽪÷ſԼ
óԶҰ͵Ķûʲôȴһƻı˽õȤ
˵ǽУ豦顣
豦һ㶼ɿⷿڼ¼Ŵ£ϡĴ֧
ǧţ֮ͬ豦顣
˽²С⣬ðϲԶҰײԼһæ
ⶫӿⷿ͵ˣΪԼܹܵԶô
ûڿⷿﰡⷿһȥˣ⿪ԶҰʵ˲٣ʲôʹʲô
Ƿڿⷿģ㶣ԶҰͷǷ᷿ģ
᷿
ǡķ䣿
óֽʣֽϻڵλãԶҰЩǲǶǴ᷿͵ģ
ԶҰͷͷ󣬱һֹӡ
ôһ䣬
ûԶҰ̧ͷһ䡣
ԶҰֺܲĵãȻʶԼҸ磬ܲȰæϵһ°
㲻׼سˣ
ԶҰ뵽ԼһʼǸ˸УֻһĿģ峤ţ
³ʦδֱôһţ̲סùġ
УúЦԶҰļͬ˰
ڽת뿪һɲǣԶҰܹɵĴˡ
޺ֵʱԶҰȴסˡ
֮ԶҰ׷˳סõ֣аа

㱻ͬŵʦʦ㱳ˣ£֪𣿡
ã
л˵
ãǿģźӣһ찡
PS⼸ЩԸ±Ƚһ죬ллȴŶһ㣬6Ҹ𣡣


40 
Լû뵽, ᷿豦¼йı̡
豦ԭֻ¼¼ͨˣֻҪɴĵ, Ӧ, Կɲѯ¼ǻ߿汦ȥ
ԶҰҲֻǱһԵ̬ȣҪ᷿豦᲻¼³ʲôɹõ, ȴû뵽, 汻˷ǳһĻ
ԼһǰҪɽȴѷ쵥˷, Ǿµʷ죺ʦ, ˵һ᲻ĳ£
ᣡشϧ, ְƵͷʱʦҲΪ㻤, صǣ
ǡƵͷû׽ٸõİ취ô
컷֣˼, Ȼóһŷݵ
ǣ
, ʦңҪ, Ҳǡûа취İ취üͷ, Ͷżֲ, ܿ, Ȼ, İסƵļͷ˵, Խô׵, ɹ, ܽ׽ȫס
Ȼʱ߻׽ٵķʦĻ׵ģҸˣ׽٣
ʲôƵɴԼ۾
Ȼ¶һЦʦ𣬿˵а쳣
ģȻʲʦ˼а׽٣Ҳɹǣ
ɡ
Ҳ뿴Ƶͷаϣײʲô˵ܣ
ǾҪôأͷ죬Լ˼Ц⡣
ܼ򵥣ֻҪŷ͵͵ϣʱȥ
ʱȫ׷ŷȻͻᳯӿȥµ׽٣Ҳ׷Ӱ쳯£ֻǡ
ֻǣ
ֻǣҲҪע֮ľ룡
֪ˣʱһԶԶأЦúܿģͷǵĴʯͷڵһ㡣
ȴҡҡͷʾƱҪаһľ֮ڣ򣬷ʧЧ׽ջǻ䵽Ƶϡ
⣬µƺǱ֪ˣǿͬеĴ˵ȴֱЦţϿκεĵǡ
Ƶͷ˼һȻЦŸ߷죬뵽һüƲߣȻ׷аϣʱаһܣͻ׷ȥ׽֮յķ䣬ٰһеĹƵаϾͺã
ţֻʣһ⣺˭ȥаأ
ʦ֣Ƽ붼ûѿڶϹűĵĳЦʦ֣û뵽ɣаǺʦأϴʦֹµЦ˵أ
аҲ䣿Ʊģ˵߹ЦʾʵòʦֳֻҪаһֽ˵ʦͻƨƨߵĹˡ
ţͷְƣ󵨵ȥ¡
ʱȥаķ䣬͹ȥֽһջ٣
һ˭Ҳ֪µˣ
ԶҰ豦һзųÿˣС˽һ䣺֮󡭡ʲô
ۺˣʲôû˵ֻսԼȭͷһ¡
ޣ
ò֪аڲԼߣڴʱ˿̼аĻһа˵֣ޣ
һҪʵʵڵģίȥ
޺ȻǰһԼס˽õͷ
ҹ󣬲һͻ꣡İס˽õļͷԣҵʪˣǴţҲʪģ
䣬þ͸еԼѾܿƵıӿ⻰ֱӡ
ǰ²аֻΪаٶİᡣ
ǸʱаУ
ûһˣûκһˣվа
еĶڮ٣ֱɹǺ󣬱ħħȥħ磬ɱͬеĶ
ᱻһ䣺Ϳ治ŵˣ
˭뵽һĵӣôεȥŵӵУǲϳģ
ûںࡣ
аһľƣ󣬶ǸĽô
úȻͷʹһʹУٴοаļ䣬һβͬǣаƺѾȥħ磬аǰ˾˽Ъ˹ĺʲôȻǰȴ㶼㡣
ֱаĽ˵Ŀڣ˲Űסֱۡ
£㡭ȥ
ÿˣȻؽ
һ̣õʶȻȵϸϸȥʱȴֱּһƬѩ
ؽȷʵа
ѹǸʱָƼҲ¥ʱ򣬽ֻ˵Ӧֵ֪ģ
ɾ룬ֻˡ
ΪѾа˰
ñ۾ȻԼһ֮Уܶ飬ƺûйϸϸһ룬ֺ˿ǣ켣ֻڵʲôװˡ
һԼ޵䣬˵лл
ùԶҰϵ豦飬ŵ޵Ȱܺⶫ
ɡƺȰʲôϽӥĿ⣬ֵ˵ͷù˶
㲻ʦȥ¶ʦʦôԶҰ豦飬ֻаôɣ۸ˣ֪ȥ
ЦתԶҰͷȰ±ܡ
ȻأԶҰߣӣƺڵȴŽõһָʾ
Ȼ󡭡Ͳˣ
ȴû뵽ֱӹӲţɴģֱɵԭء
ǣʲôвҵˣ
Ҳ׼ʲôֱһ仰ͽԶҰոȼ顣
ʲôԶҰٴŵĺʲôУ׼ʲô
£ֲһ䣬
ͿԶҰֱӺܲϡĴԭԴϵ֡
ã˳ĬĶУԶҰͷߣŵ治ˬ죬Ϊ۸ˣ֪֣
ȥϵأҪˣԶҰԽԽȴס£Ҳ˵
ԶҰŴԼͣ˺ü룬űӦ˽õĻ
ţУߣ
ԶҰڱǰȻסа֣ٴһ䣺治㷴
Ȼͬ㣬ҲȥȸȲµˣ
аһͬŵϣһҲͬ㣡
ԶҰཱུ˵֮󣬼аûӦɴƺһͷҲصĸŰԶˡ
ԶҰߺ޲վ˽õԶҰû˽ã֪õԺ£޲ԽõֶǸʲô
ȻòԶҰ˵ʵ뽫ǣµ뷨Ҳ⣬ԸոŻһԲ
ҪʲôȻ豦ӿһů˵ԸһĲô
ȥٻͷʱ򣬽õɫ˪
Ҫ豦˭ģשû뵽һΣˣң
㻳豦⣿
豦ȷʵң㲻ô˵ģ豦һ㶼ڿⷿţôᱻ᷿أ
豦ʦŵģ˷ŵģ
ˣ˭ŵģ಻Ҫ
ȻҪǡһУһȷѪˣ
л˵
ʽ~
PSҽô׼ʱҪҪһôôգ~QWQ


41 
ǻصŵʱ, ʦͬѵȺʱ
аصޣʦǰӭӣʾѾú, ޿һȥ硣
ƾԸ̧߰ͷȥаǰ, ˣԼҪ޹ȥļơ
ʦЦԺ淢һӶ
ȴڸʦ˼֮, ͵ػͷ
ñ, ԼһֱԽЦӯӯ, ߵаߡ
е, Ȼƣ, 㲻μˣòĶʦ˹ֱ֣ӵгŵӵ, ֱס˽õ֡
ͣȥϢ
Ƶظһ, ǣ뿪
˫Ӱ״ʹƵ, û뵽ʦˣȴ˿, صĸаˡ
ʦҲû뵽, ǧĵ, Ȼôţ
Ųǧŷ, ܵǧŵĵ, ʦֻðƵļ, óһ걦, ʾʱ͹ȥ
վһ, ˵С֪ʦȥӴǧŵĵӣȴ֣磬а֡
Ȼ֮䣬϶н
룬ԸԼһҹ̽аļƻ
ص᷿úҲûţ޴ԼĴóһ飬߽ãĹ豦ͬͬǣԶעֱȡصݡ
õͷִļرţǮˣҲҪһף
ȥʦֺӡ
ãʣµģĽҾͺã޶ŽЦЦǳʱĿģ̲ס࿴ۡ
пȻһŵӣǧޣ׻Ǳ˵а취ˣ
ƻ裬ѾúôһƲʦıΣ׼һ彣᷿
᷿ûеƣƺ޻Ϣ
ŷãһûӦ֮Ƹɴһƿ˷š
ȴû뵽˿ˣޣǸа
ʲô
Ƽаİڶ᷿ĶǰһѴаϵĶ
ȥﲻĵط
֪ģһֱסǳŴӲĵط㣬͸һֱǸССĲ񷿣գ
ƼаһӣͷݵĻ̼а
㲻˵Ҫʦţһôʲô
㰡õʦ𷣵ʱ򣬾Ͷڲ񷿣
Ȼаһקƣֱ۶Ƶ֡
һкƻסԼ˵ˣŭĿаˣҪͬУ
ͬУ񷿣ܷɽ٣߿׽ٵķòƽ׶ģŵˡ
ȻߣаһקסƵ죬ٴӥСһ㣬ᵽԼǰ
ȥ㣬ôֵ飬ڻӰ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôӣӣ
úȻſƣЦŽһģ׽ٵгƴû£ں˵ʱ
óһֽӦû뵽ɣʦдҵÿһֽҶأ
ʦûҵǸʱѾʦѹˣԣûٹ£
˵ţñóԼ͵͵дɵֽī֭ĵ˹ȥ
Ƽаݹֽ붼û̶ݺݵĵ˺ֽأ
û֤ݣ֤ıһУ
аǰˣҪʦҷû֤ʦ㣿
ɫĿŭ£ȻЦˣƽƣִƵԣˣ
ͷԼԵݣ÷丽ϣЩ׽ٵķߣԼɵģ
ΣƸɴƹˤƿ˽ã㲻ֻʦһʱСؤҾ޻Σ
ѣɣһЦ
ڰҳϵһиʦأΪʦΪĻͳͷô
а㻹ô޴
һ̣Ʒ·һ˹ȥԼܹѹסаʱָ߸ϵ̬ƣˣϵıƽаҪаѹ
ȻĬ󣬷һȻ˶ʲô󱻳ȥˡ
ֵ̾Ŀ˹ȥֻޡһڳŵӶĬĿ
㡭ǣ
ʶԼмˣתܣȴû뵽Ҳڴ˿̳⣬סȥ·
һߣѾǰʹļסŵƣԡ𣿡
ûаʦãȥпܻҷ׽٣
ҡҡƻܣֻԼƽδ˳
пĿ⣬ôңܽ˶ڻһ㡣
ͬаƣ
ŭһôҲ벻ȥаȻƣԼ羴ķʦֱֵʡ
ǡôʦţ
ǼٵģҲ̳˻ȥͷ󺹣ָа㶥׽٣ңΪʲôڻվ˵ǰ
һʣ̿аǰɽٵ׽аĶˣΪʲôδܺö˶˵Ļڣ
¶ɻƵĹ˹ǡ
ڶģаΪԼѪ⣬ҽȫԵ˵ڡ
ֻҪаһ룬˳ɿˣаȫԼ
˭룬аȴЦˣЦ˸߰šмһˣΪʦ˵Ѫ⣡
ϾʱʦҲڳ׽٣ҶͬܵģζţʦͬʱҺ㡣
ǣʱʦȻңȴŭôɽٵʱ㣬ҹؽ񷿣Ժȣ
ʦ㰡ǸʱǸӰԲȣ֪ôô
ƲͷȥˣڻǵԼȥ񷿽аʱģ
ɵڵأʦ֮ǰҵķѵô
֮ſɱٹȣǸʱôһ£
а
⧲ģ
ŵģ
ͷҪа˵ʲôʱʮ˫۾ˢˢĿˣ
аԥģһ̴Ƶš
Ѫ磬аȴ˾׳ʿһ㡣
㡭һѪƵĿŵĿаȻôҡôͬʦֵܵ棬Լ֣
Ȼаʲôû˵ֻɴְѽ˻
һգȥǷӦȽϿ죬סȴ˼Ŀа
ǿǣͬУ
˿̣аϹĲмһ˽һһһʦ𲻸ҵ£Ҹңʦ𲻷ҷ
һ浱аģ
Ӵ֮ɽ·Զ볤ţ
л˵


42 
ֻʲôԼը, һƬҵУںԼԼȥʦ
, УԼʲô, ֻһͷھȥʦ𣬷, ʦһ, ǻֱӶа
ͬУаɹǶΪ
޺޵һҧǰһץסа֣ߣ
, Ȱаͳȥ, аҲǺܲǵ, ìܽһ
аվûֻǻͷһ, ޳аͷһݵа, аŸ뿪
Сʦ, ߣ˵, Щ㶼ϣһԵĽԼĶа, 뵽񲻽Ŷ볤Ŷ, аһ, ֡
, ýԼ, дһŴѪаСʦ, ЩӢЩϵ, ȥ֮󣬲ö룬ȥӢţǱػģ
ȥв˶Ҵ߶Ҳа˵ʲôֻ̾˿ٴΰаļ֮󣬱ὣҴ뿪
תͷȥǳһεĳڣҲǵаħʱߵĳڣȴû뵽Ȼᱻ
㲢ǲǵƣǴһʼҪƴﵽĿô
ڽó˼ʱȴ֪ӺδⲽбͷһۣЦʣôΪƱƽģ
ȻǳŽð˰Լ֣һʦļƣ޷Ҫһʽף
Ǳ˵ó֮ǰܶѨƣ֪ã˽²һʱǧŶеҩת
ŶƺȤһ㡣
ϸϸõı飬ƺѾ֪˽صıһ£ҲҲпװġ
ǿһֱԼҪ󲻶ֻ࣬һ޸ҵ
ǧŵλһ
Ҳܹʹ࣬ԭΪԼƾͿʦЩ޸аһֻ֮ʦһ˼Ƶϣǵʲôʣ
ǿɲԴУʶ̽һа
ǡһЦ֮ǰؾ˵ģЦа¶İ⣬úݺݵҧҧ任һԼ̬
һֱʦĹӣôأ
ùߵǰǵĳ
ǵԵĽ˽ܿ죬ͳŽ֣һҪȦԼеģаʵҡ
˵ʲô͸оԼֱݺݴһ£ͿѾǰа˻ȥ
аҲ͵ģȥ޵ߡ
ʵʲô
ϴϷʵЦԭ˵ڵĻȴһ̽޷³˿Цӯӯ߸ϵаԻаޡ
֪ģ뵽Ǿ̸ģȥҶ㰮ڵ㣬Ҹʲ
Լ˼ʾԼ֮ӸаֻҪʦضѨı棬ʱٰƸҪʲôʦС⣬û⡣
ЦЦȻָָǡ
û׹ȥ
ʲô
˵ȥʦܶѨ
ǵɴԼ۾ܿʹľȣս˫ȭͬҲܾ
ҾͰ޸ɹǣΣ׳Ҫն
̽һ䣺õˣ㻹軤ȫٲóŵҵңΣ
ĺףһʦܶѨĶգһʱҲайߣ϶ѻԼͷϡ
ֲа˱ţǰʯͷԼĽš
ǺǡЦһȴһܲİС⣬Һˣ
ǣڵ㣬̸
˵գͷҲص뿪˳š
ް䣬ҪõܶѨƣҪǵİæֱͿˣ
ȻƺǿĴ㣬ֱ׼뿪֮ǰס֣ԼΪǧŵĵӣ֣ڻǾسŻȽϺá
Ļ޺ִţ
úȻż⣬޵ͷ
ţ֪ڻȥƼȵţǧŵĵϢһ֪ͨңҾȥˣ
һ˲˽õĴ㣬˵ͷֺǲı˱ãصǧš
ߣ
а뿪ŶһƬѹֵ֮С
˲ҩǿƵֻأܽҩ֮ܲǰˮƽ
ԼתǣһΪŭйԼϡ
˭֪һȥеˣȴǡ

ôʦõģ
Ǳһԭ˵ɹǴ˿̸Ǳ֮ǰ۵Щ
һﰵһֻ˳ĻͷǵǸȴְа˵һó˵
ôģ
붼û룬һơüҪ˵ʲôʱ򣬼ʦƫִʶѻʻԼĶ
ʦͷϣ˵ʲôţֻٵһˡ
ʦ𣡶ʦ֡ʦ֣ȻгŵӼʦˣ
һˣҲû˼ĥǵ˼ʾǶ˸ϣһȺ˺ƺƵȥ˷ڵ鶴
鶴ڣԼϢŴݲȵļʦ𣬱ʾѾͻ˽𵤣׵ԪӤ
ԪӤʿ
ǽһ㶣볯ŷϲǴϲһڷļϣ֡
ҲԪӤˣϾŴᣬ죬ģ
⻰˼ҪμŴʱĵӱƴ
㶣ӦĻãʦʦŽд·
ҪȥμӵӴأ
ʦһ㶣ɫֻ߷һ䣺ɹǱ٣㲻ٶ˵ʲô
ȵһŷص᷿ûٶͣһ÷ֱִ֣ӴƱչˡ
һͷˮķ쵱ѯ⵽ô¡
ԭҪֱ죬Ƿаȴһס죬ֱӸ߷죬аһаѾӳţ֪١
Ҫǵ֣ȴûյ߸ڷԪӤʿָŷʷǲ֮ǰаĲ·һŭô
бۿһۣһѿǵ֣˵ʲôʱ򣬾챩ŭаǸˣӳţұҪɱԽʦͷ֮ޣ
˵֮˵ӣа³ŵ׷ɱ
ɣŵֹȴ׾ٴһߡ
ʦչǰ׿ԣд֣ʦܣңҲʸ񣿡
ҰһЦһǰ
ֱſھʷ죬ǲаϣݺа
ʲô
ȷʣǾЦŴѲһ·ˣΪ˷ֹ¶ˡ
磬ֱӴκˣ
л˵
⣬Χӭңôô~


43 
ýӵǵϢ֮ʱ, ǧѾȷĻظͬĺ˽дš
ŵݸ֮, ԹԵĿʼƷΪĲ衣
, б׷ɱһ죬ȴû뵽ȶ׷ɱ, Ȼǡš
ıź, ȴЦں
а볤ѣǱȻ, ޷ֻʱĳѵķʽͬˡ
ý, Ϣ, ׷ɱǷµһ򣬻зѽ׳ԪӤʿ, ԼΪײ˷죬ѹ볤һ¡
ÿú͸, Ϣ, һҪȥ÷ѹ, ƻȥòǺ
ֻ, ǲ², ˿̵ĽҲ, λã
Ͼ, , ˿̻ȥˡҲȰ뿪, ֻҪڳ, ʦǷ죬᲻ϵĥﵽǣԼá
ǸԼĥֵã˵׼ΪҪšԼġ壬ڽù˼ĵطֱӶŸɣѱСûˡ
ԣűƽˡ
ΣȥаҲ˵ͺͨķûʲôﻹСҲǸľ֮ء
ǣǵȥȥֻȵ˽õһŶ֡
ǺŶ˯žʲô˼
ѵаĴȫ
޴룬ԽԽɴȥҪ̼һаǳ׽ˡ
˭֪Ӳһ㣬֪аڹúܺãǳЦֱӰһζ׳˶ȼٵζԺ뿪ˡ
ǴӴʱ˶ֱ顣
Ȼ뿪󲻾ãɢ˵ԶҰ̽ͷάһ䣺ͷҲ̽£
˴СԶҰ̲סٴһ飬аʶô
ܾãаȥһ֮󣬾ʶ˺öö벻ˡ
ƾŵһճɻңҶϵãԶҰͷ
˭ôأ
Űȥ˲ãǷĲ£͵͵˳ţ˭֪һű졣
˵аֱӸǸƵһԶҰȻаˬ죬Ҳ²а޴һֱͬе
Ȼܿ쳤žͶа׷ɱ
ԶҰ͵͵ִӳȥҪҵаͨ籨š
ͬĵص㣬ͬĴͬϤַ
ֱ͵аǰа۵Сۡ
ðɣԶҰ֪ģʲôǵĽɫ
аսթıĻҪ
һҲȫܣаӦ֮ǼһɷӦģԶҰҲҪػسһˣ仰
ǣյаǾ䡰Ŷ֮ǰԶҰͽҩ֮µΣаĻˡ
а˵ԼĳԼᱨǷʲô
Ҫ£һˮƽɣ
ʵǿĻǼٻҲᱻ滰
֮аȥأʣ
ԶҰȴаԶǿĵаɣ
ΣԼʵܲ
ԶҰرᵽӦһӿС
㹻ˣ֪ʲôԶҰ
߰ɣ֪Լôˣ
仰ͱԼ۾ʼ
ԶҰˣҲûٴֻö޷Ը豦飬Ȼ뿪˳Ρ
ú
ҩӵ죬ȴ쳣ͷ۵
а׷ɱͽͬʱĵжɣµ
ޣǧŽµͽʣҲĵжɣԹѾá
ԶҰӣһԸɷģ
ҪǣϴǸֱӰݵԵԶҰĸ簡
Ǽ׼ϴһô
ͳôԩͷ
ǳ˴ֵĳԼǰֻɴİνһ˰ˣͬʱӦҩӣѾܸɴİ˽
󵽵׻Ǳǳ
ʦ֣Ϊʲô
ǰ˷߲ƣΪλǾٽ
ҩڣǳֻ
û취ǳ̾˿ģʵ̫ˣ
Ʒʯö˰ɣ
ҲҺҩ壬ƽʱЩ鵤ݣ̫ȱǮһ֪и׬ƷʯĻᣬֻѿĴŹ⼸ǰ˰ɣ
ڲٰڲ٣ԴʶаӴ˽ڲٳ·ˡ
ǳֻһεĺܳɰɣ
ϾǧһֱµĽӶɽˣʲôɾܾ׬Ǯأ
ʦԸˣطȥǵĵƣҩ弰ɽƬطвͨģ
ǳƽаϣаЦıʾ㹻ˣǳ̲ס
صҩʦߣѩֵ塣ǳ״ԭ£˭֪ȴ뿪ǰѩγüչֵĶԻ˵аǼһ׼ô׬Ǯأ
˵ֲ֣Ǹµϼһﶼɽ
ֵһȥԼĳ룬˹ӿǸޣ
ѩΣ
ȱǮ˵ֵֿһһΣʵ̫ˣ
ܺãǳﰵ̾Ϣزѩû˽ڲ٣ƾֵĽڲٶ챣סˡ
𣿡ֵʦʣѩһ㶣ʱ䣺ˣӦõ˰ɣ
ţ࿴㣬Ǹӡζ׷ɱĿ飬ڣ
ˣʦ֣ѩޱĳֵ˻֣Ҫ¼һţǰ滹Ÿǧأ
㿴ǧŵϵۣ֪ǵжţǰ
ʦܣֵӶˣ
ţ
ҲҪе룡
ѩΣ
һҲԶˣԭÿ͸£˳ȻվǷŲ
ʦ֡ѩɳɤӺһ䣬밲ֵһֵ˶ԼĺҾаӣдô
˵ˣԺ׬Ǯһݣ
ѩΣ
ǳ
ڲٰǳûˣ
ĵƺ󣬽ûжϢֱӾȥ˵
ϴ뵽¯ԽʧܣһΣؽĸ£ҪԣǧŵҩǷֻҲɡ
ѡʵõһѪ裬ڸؾ˲ֹס˿ڵĳѪǻػ굤ܹʱľ˵ĶѣǻĵԶݵԼ
ֵҩŵӣɢ޶ǧŵֵҩһžЧ׿һȳ
һ󣬼۸߰ǹӦ
ֻǣζĶǽʿʿиõĵҩ׷󣬽أζϡȱ̭г
ÿԤʿɴֵҩǾֵҩռгֻȱһССķڡ
ڣŴǸõķڣܷܲɵҪô˴ܲܳɡ
߽¯ڣʼֱߵҩһһ۽ԼɹС


44 
ѪĹ̿˳, ҩݽɹǺ󣬺ܿöԼ, õҩ۳衣
һ, ʮѪ衣
Ҫʱȴ¯Χһ⽣ӰײĴ죬ƺħܵϢ, , ȴ޴
ֻͣԼҵ¯˳ȥ
һȥǰǷơԫϱڡ¯˺üѨұڶƿ˼Ҿ󣬼ֱֻͷһ, »ص¯ȥ
ס֣
ס֣
סְ
һס, 뺰˿, ͸ħޣ˴۾ǳ޻˵ֻǵѩ, ֳֻ֣ˣ
ָñѩ˴Ķȥ
òװٺħ޺ѩϼֱд֣ԩ֡
һ, ƽ͵Ŀã˵, ˵˵, ôһͰҩ崫ǧĸ¯ֱû˵ģ, Ϊǧŵ, ԭǴ, λҩ϶֣
, ˲֪һô
һĬĬԹϵԶҰһ, ǰɡ˺͡, ȥ
ڲ鷳κ˵±סСѾܲˡ
޳Ĭ˼, ѩΣǽȶ֣
ѩΣ
̲סһЦѩοɫƽԼϵħ˵Ҷֲ˵Ǹ˰
ħ
Ѿͷ۸

꽣ֿ˿ѩɫȰѪȥȻֱʾ⣡⣡
ҪʵⲻħѺծˣ
ѩθͷȻӦħħȫǡԼһôûУۡ
׳ƣԸɷģ
⣡⣡СѾͷԼ˵ô⣡ѩģһ˲˿̿
ȴһ˽ãѩξһʾ򶷵ûʲô£ԣ⣡
Աϣ߳ҩ壬ɴԼǧŵļλʦ֣תʱ˺üǧŵܱ
ܱŵϺֱʾ˴ҩʧĸ߼¯֮µģ
ѩ㶣û뵽޳־ȻҲô󷽣ǧⲻǮļƣѩЩζ
Īǧ⼸굱ʲôµĻԵû׬Ǯˣ
øŵ˷Ĵ
ѩԼĳ˼˼ǰ˻˻֣ʾ°ɣ
޵˴ţûٶͣþ뿪ˣʣԶҰ뿪ֻãţ
һģôһڸжûа
⽣ô£ħΪʲôᡱ޻û˵꣬ͼħѾ֪Ĳƽ뽪õǰ
һȥüæסʾ⽣ĿǰѾΪԡ
㵽֪֪ħζʲôһ𣬰ѽúĵɴԼ۾
ħ;ħΪλΪ
ÿ޷߷߲ƽץץԼͷô죬ԼܲµħԭΪаδħйϵ
Ϊһŵĵӣδħ壬ǡ˻Ϊˣ
޼˵лżΪѣҲס˽õ֣ʾھҪûǧţȵǧţȥӣ½ħӡ
ȴȻҡҡͷƿסԼ֣һ˲䣬뵽ؽ
ؽ֪ħҲŵӣֵǣȴħܶã
ֵ𣬵֪ħ֮ҲֻǸпʧȥ˱ȴǷŭ
ޣҪҽħ飿̽ſ˿ڣ
ˣë˵ʲôħ飬֪ҲϷ򰡣ħڽõʶͰͿ˿ڣħȴᵽգ֮ǰҹЩϵ
ɶ壿ʶ뵽ִӰƷеˣܿͱ޿ڴˣֻ֮Ҫסħ壬ʲôö
˵գ޾ͶݺݵĶħȴȻħ˭ȶ֣
ħ붼ͻصһħʾϷжֲǲ֪Ϸ򵱸ƷһɳˣϷ򿴵Ͱȥ㣬ëӽ˺㲻οһϷ򣬻ѰϷĴ
ǡ
ðɺðɣϷ˵Ϸ򶯵֣ҲǸëӶ֣ǸëϵƷȶ֣
ħԭȵɳǡøӦԼˣ붼ûͳҩ壬˭֪ûħȥ޴ϵƷֱӶħ˷Ӧħ
֣ǰħΪʲôСħ˰ɣ
ԭƷ˭֪һ֪̽ħֱӾͶŭħȻ飬þ֪ˡ
룬ֵޣ˴γУǲǻʲôҪȥץħ֮
򡭡ǧŵŴҲ̫ȫ˰ɣ
ûлӦõʣֻһۣת˻⣺㲻ǻҪôһ㣬ȥɣ
ü޲˵Ҳû׷ʡ
ʶħйҹ飬ħȴֱ˵ĸ߽ãҹˣҲֻմ˵ϵϵ
ϾǧǰҹѪҹȫѾħ𣬵ħҲҹ屻󲻾ãŷӡǡ
ǣ
ħĬˣֻйسƲ⣬̫ˣھ䶼òƲ
ħؽڵаһս롭µĿʼ
뽪òȥſھͱҩĵˣǳĬİ뵽ҩһѨС
ǳհһ¯˹ȥ۵
˹ǳһߴһ߹ҧгݣһһ٣ʦԸˣԺǾ
ǳǿˣ˴ǸʣĶʡġ
ںˣֻһȻĶѨը˾ը˰ɣ
⣡
øǳ˹֣ˣ
ߣǳ飬طѾ׵Ӿ뿪ˡ
ÿޣͷԼĽߣ֪ʲô
̲ס̾˿ȥȰޣҲûˣ벻飬硭
ˣյ飬ȻҲӭж⡭֮ٺħˣ
תͷֿ˽һִۣڽûħۣԹ˸ط
Űĵ½¯
ը˹Ϊ
ҩ

Ȼˣ
ζţ˰һûˡ
ֵѩεĲ£ֻ׺䶥
׽ٽ£ֵָһ㣬һŵĽ
ޣ׳˽ʿ
һһʿȻô̵ʱڣһԾףֹ츳͵ġ
ؼǣǧŵĵӣȻõ
һ
ֱֵǳվֵԱߣٴξԼ֪·𶼱߸һ
һаһһޡ˶Ⱥʲôﰡ
ԩͷԣ
ҰһͿذ
㣬Ҹǣڣ̣ʰ˰ҹ
ѩסֵֻһСȰţϢŭϢŭ
ʦ֣ڲ߰
кβɣ
ǣʦ֣ѾʧһˣѵҪʧƷʯ𣿡
ֵ𣺡
ȥľͲֹƷʯˣ
⣡⣡
ѩαֵҪߣֵ𣺡
ôϾԼʦǻлѽ
ǿ϶𣡡
ֵ𣺡
Уȥȥǣ⣬⣡ҵҪǴô⣿
ǿһֵİ쳹
л˵
ҵһ˵һСĿ꣬Ȼıʵˣ
ޣⲻ⣬ϲ
ֵǾţţҪ%%@2&&


45 
ζҩ, Ĵ¯Ҫףһ
˭֪һܣڲյұڶ, 鷺⻹ܸܵķӡ, ˳ұڲڰĵ¶Ѩ˲ԼǲǴ򿪷ʽĸо
棬֮ǰڵĶѨǡʲôһ㡣
ɱ
¯, µԼ, Ҫ̽һΧ
˭֪һ̽ȴֱӼΧӡƵĹĹҶôϵı¡
ÿѵĽɫ, ʶ±ȵĽ߻ҪΣ, С¡
, ֻʱԼС̽ͷ, ¯ȳȥ
ص˲䣬þһһĺ, ʲôȻݷѨڡ
òһ, ô£ħħﻹħ, ôˣ
Ȼ˿, øԼʶкħ, ҪħѨ, òΪԼƾѾ˲ٵܳŵ˳µһ̡
ħû, ܻؽȥ
û, ǲͳ˴׵ĸ
תһ¯ڵλ, ̧ͷ, ¯ƺ˳һģ
̾˿ҪǿԶͺˣӦÿ˳Ѩȥ
£Ȼȿܲҵ·ȽϺá
СҪԶⶴѨʱʱ͵ĺźнԶĵطȥ
һ½ţȴƲһˮӣˮ˲ֹͣҲסϢûƶ
ƾڶѨƶвϷɽˮ͸ӡƵ΢ÿصѪɫԼԶѪĺɫۼףбסӴ
ͷֻܿĥƬİɫѪ⣬ɢޱȶĵζ
Үֱһһ¶ǣ
ʶס¯һţûԼء
ԭؽãڽܵѪζԽڣʶкȻħСѾͷ㡭ȥˣ
ã
ħϷȲ˵ģǾŲӡȻܵȥ
ŶҲԣˣӡһţ©֮ҮȻܵȥˣ
ã
ǲǻлл˵
ȥͷȻﵱӲͣ
ħ룬ʽ汻ŵǸΣ
ʵشħ֪ãҪȷӡȥȣȷﻹʱ
һﱻŲӡȡӡͻֱӡռе꣬ûҲꡣ
Ҳζţƺģһˣ
һԽñӡﲻǸöԸļһôݵķ䣬òɥڴ˰ɣ
һ˲䣬뵽ؽҪؽڣ᲻ָȻԼЦ˵£Сߣ
ûһǸ棬۹ȥȴǱ˸Ǻ
סϷȥ𣡡ħÿһξ͸ÿŶѨԽ˸Ĺâ֪ħںӡҲûٶ˵ʲôʾħϽȥ
˳һ޵֪Ѿ׽𵤣ڱȥŷ
ħ뿪յĶѨǳصĺֻǽأ˼ַꡣ
üǰӴʼڶѨĥÿһ¶Ѫ̲ססԼĿڱǣʵܲ³
֪˶ãȻһͣһΪＴڴ˿
붼û룬þóѪ裬һܵǾ޴ԱߣֱѪʱֹס˿ڡ
Ȼ˾Ҳ׾
ʶ˼Լκ﹵ͨͷϴѩһа棿
ڣڰ˲ϲһ߻ظѩһ߻Сķǰ
ӸոѪܸ֮ܵޱߵĺڰУѾԼס
ס㣡
ڣڽǰ˷ӡ򿪵ļ󣬶Ǹƺڶ
룬ڵķ򹧹һ̨ҵҩҲعԺ½죬һߣ
ҼһΣҾͲʶһΣ
ϣѩѾڴ򿪵ĴгŽ֣üææѩε֣뿪µķӡء
ڽ뿪ǰڰ۾Ȼˡ
ֵŹЦĽӣԼһҶ͵˵Ļں޸С
һ
ǸӣѸٵĽףη
ηƨֵ˴ֿڣ̲ˡ
ܿ죬ѩδŽ˴ֵѩԭҪ˵һ˵õ˾Ųӡ֮¡
ֵǺŵѩˣʾ⽪ãܲ˵˿þͱ˵
ӼǰĽߣܹôѸ٣ҲմĹ⣬ԺǧŻӭȥ䣡
ߣһвߣ
תͷҲ쵽ֵͼˣ̻Ц⣡⣡ǧ⣬
㻹кȰұ
ӺȻѹԼͷһʾֵȥֵЦؿһۣûᡣ
Ӹɴƹˤ˷㣬ҪѰͬȥһˡ
Ŷ
ˣңģ
˭ǣѵֵȻɫؽˣŶãȻˣ
ǿսһѾȥΪ£
ϴ죬ǴսľĿ
ڷʲô裿ֵô¹ϵشɴƽ̾˿԰Űɣ
ֵͬʱǶݺݵصһۣ΢΢һЦʾ𼱣ⷨ˿·顣
ֵÿɷջԼĿ⣬ȴ뿪ǰѩһʾȽ굤̹
أѩ겻ѩ͸Ŵ̹ǵĺ䡣
ؽѩ֮ϣԼ˴ģǺݺһ
ܿ죬жأѩ֮ϣüĿؽпһ䣬ǵսеս
к󣬻ѸٵĻָ塣
֪Ǻ£Ȼսõģǰʣ
ؽɫ䣬ֻ΢˲ԼĵĳֻΪһ£
ħ۹鱻ɱ࣡
ʲô
޲ʧɫѾûȴһսҰܡ
ʲô˼
ؽִֻħ۹飬ҹսӻħ磬úǰȥַħѱУ궼顣
֮ȴħ̣𡣡
ȻħʧҲδħ䣬ǱӡһٶϮɽ磬粻
˼ǡħʵδ˲һ¶ɫ
ؽȴһ³һ䣺ħǻѹô
˴ŴᣬħΪŵӱĲͷɣ
ΣħһħػзӦ
ħƿءԼɣؽͲһԼеĽȻ״Ŵֳ
Уô
һѹֵĳĬͷͬؽҪֵüͷָ˸
Ŵᡭ
εŴᡭֺܶడ
л˵
ǣһͯڿŶ~


46 
˿, ѩŽõӸпǳţ»ԿŸǽʿɵĵҩӲ, ޸ļ, Ƴɹ
ûѩʳõ״ʲô׬Ǯʱ򣬽þյǽɴ
ǽҲᣬʱȥ˴, һͨ, ǾұԴһ˴ҪĶһȫõ
а˵ûõȫʱûʸ̸ô
ھȷĸ, ҲܹõʦڶѨȫ, һϢɹǱκˣ
, ׼ȥŴᣬμһŵӴ, ΪǣõεӴȵı񣡡
а, ҲȥŴİɣǳصĺһ, ŵңһõģ
ͷ˼ǵһ, ʶ, Ǳ, ܲ˴, תͷ
а, Ϊβ˵
ҡ, ֻҪ, һ, ֮ҪҶİ
ǡҪҽΪ¡
ȿȿȣõĿҪ˵ȥĳ嶯ֱӸǣҪæĻһ£ǳǽΪһ¡
ڡȥδǣûгΪҵѡ񣡡
ǣǹȥǣ֪ˣ
ûм˵ȥȴ̲סﱯŭŮˣһȺļһ
ȥĺã毺ãͽƱ˹ʦɹǣƳıʾŴᣬҪΪĵӲȥױſᡣ
ޣֻԼϹ˹۲ŻƲŻᡭһȥ۸а
ǵû۸аڵԼǲҲء
ԭǻżϣֻаһ䰲οҲһúа֮ͣģаߡ
˭֪аȴǱƸıʾڡȥδûгΪѡ
̲סЦǻƽȮۣаαҲûٵȥ
վԼҪ
ãᣬӴҶ£ǾԼҰĵһ棬а˵õʦ˽صЩν׸㣿
ɴһЦЦȻǡŴѽ
һȥҪ룬ʱҪǵôԼ
üͷŴᣬŶʦײֻǱǿԼаһɶᱻΪǱš
һ˲Ļ֣̿ⳤšȥأ
ѡڳţ뿪ǰֺģӡǵԺС
ǡһָҵɹ𣿡ֳһ䣬
Ȼᣡаظĺܿ죬ЦǲصǣҲôˣʦǿǡ
㶣ŵаȷϣʦ𿴵Ƕ˵Ľף
ǣȥŴİɣȻ㸶ô࣬ȻҲӦĻرȻȥĻаĻƶħһѭѭա
ܿ죬Ǿϲĺ룬룡
Ŵɣ
ţϸ۾ЦЦŴ
ɴյְסԱߵǣ䣬ǸбĺɫСˡ
û뵽аϵСȻԼķʽˡ
ڸǣа˵ĸӦĻرֻǽףκθ飬ǻǺʶˣĺˣ
ȥа۶κƵ۾ȴҲûˡ
ף޸ɹǡаô
סԼ۾ȥյаߣЩССݣЩǱ˻
ÿһΣаЦúܿģẬߵ´ȥʲôʱ
ʱܻصʱͺˣôһǸŮġ
ڡѾˡ
аѾҫģ״õˡ
ʹĺȥ׶Щʲô
һߣ
ɴյȴԼķ䣬֮ǰ͸аļС
һŴ󣬽ûȥš
һ߰Ϊһȵļһƶק£ȻΪһ飬ֱӡСľԳ״ݻǵģڸĵ·ԽԽԶ
ǵ֣ԼݺӰ쵽κһֵʱ־ԽϾ·
ʱĴڣͻҪΨһһ·
ԽҫǿȥЩСͻԽգԽڡ
԰ڳ׾ǰǣȺúõڰɣ
ڹȥаµһУЦ衢Ūаĸ顣
˽õŷ˽õ˼ŵĽ۽̴żֿ޹ĺ̲סüͷһʳڣôˣ
û£ЦЦ뵽аĹȥɬпˡ
ҩҶǧŵʦˣûκεЧҲ֮ǰĵҩһ㲻ٵˡ
޹˵⻰ڸ߽ãȻҩ֤Ҳûˣͱǧȥˡ
ϾŴڼΪӽյĹͽܣȻҪ¶ġ
ţǾͺãõͷ
޺ȻĬ˼룬Ĭ̧ͷĿƿãһȡʤ㣡
ֵĿޣ޺Ȼ֣Ĳ˲õ۽ǣȻʦнʿǣҸǿ
ԣ񲻻䵽ޣ
ã
ûǸ
ڿʲô΢΢Цˣ崺磬ȴһޣ۾Ϊ˵ҳ棬ģ
޺Ȼ̾˿ûټȥֻظһ飬Լõ⣬ǽõıڡ
۽ҪʲôҪǣи
ԣ˵ôǳѾЩؿڶ¡
Ѿվ˺ܾˣȻ˶쳣ġȫûв
ǳȥǰЦս֪ѽ׵𵤣һõ
ŵӴȣңһ㣡
Ǳģ
ޱǳս󣬾ѧŽһ㣬һ֣Ŷ
ǳ
ˣ
ģñ˵ţ߹š
ǳ
һ㣡ȻЦеǳļ򣺡ȻԲɵ
ǳ
ɱĲˣ
㣡ǳܻ˵ʲôʱѾ˽뿪ͽǳһԭ
󣬽յƼҵ뺯ԶҰǱ
ֻѩһˣֱǳ֪ʲô̼⼸춼ݵİԼӴűչ
£ͦãͦãЦŵͷѩȴ̲סʽãȻѾ׷ɱ
β
ǡȴ̲סЦСšһ֪ʲôǣ׷ɱ
ѩΣ
СѾͷǿǣµúţ
л˵
ڣţʲô棿
ǣӽڿ֣ǳҷ˼Ŭ̶֮һʱ䣬ÿ춼ڹ̶ʱ俴


47 
ơһ˴˿ڱ̺밶Ŵּۻۡ
ɾ, ԼͿɵִһŴأ
֮϶쿪ɽŲˮ, ֮Ҳ
ԭȥŴһֵص, ôû뵽һ·ǸճžͲϵر׷ɱһЩɢ, ȻһЩС, Ȼ췢˼ˣҲûֹסȺֹӬΧŹ
ɫȻÿαΧŹֻԼ, Ҳæ, ·һ·ǰжżԹ
ô, Ǹʿǵĺȣǻ, һ·ҪΪ鷳һЩ
÷Ʒĵ, ǱΧŹ, ͨĳŵӳţֻҪ̽һа, ϳݺ, ᰤһٱ
˹, Īʲô˰иЩɢСŶ, ǿɾ賤Ųɣ
ԭΪ׷ɱ, а϶¾ܱץ
˭֪ôùȥ, аӰû, ڵֵĻ̻, µūҪŶȥ
÷ץ˼ˣڷǰŰ
һȥŴᣬʦԭҲҪһͬǰУȻ޸ɹʱƺˡΣֻܰǰȥμӵӴȵԼ񶼽˷ϡ
ǿһεӴȵıǲɶõɹ
ȻɹǱ޸ˣ˵Ƕˣ̫ʹҲᵼ޸õɹٴѡ
ڷѾ׳ԪӤжñϣ
ʦ˴񣬱ʾԼѾ˾ζỤƣõ
ŷģٴαչأֻڱչǰŷǿһ䣺аǵãǧ򣬲Ҫȥˣ
͵ҳŴδչͽ˵⻰ʱ㲣ɫ԰ףȻһ䵽ȴⱻİߵ˼аζ
Ƿһ߰ӦһǰȥѰа١
벻ףȻͬʱˣѰԼҵӣôӬΧŹ
һ·ϵվš͸żֲӭζ
õǧŵϱǧŴᣬЩ˶ˣƤ
ʦ֣۸ˣǿϴɣҪٳˣҵ˼Ͳ˹ȥˣ˸ƻ
˵Ҳѹһ㵫ܹȥţ˭ԼԼҵǰŴᡣ
ƫûУֻͬЩֵɢͬһҴȥ
ҲѹЩɢ˵ǧŵ뺯ôмԼ¶ŻҪǣǧִˡ
ţ߰ɣԼ˼һͬ˴
ǺߣȻҲûʲô÷䣬ֵûеһ㡣
Ʋطֻȵ˴װϴŷ磬˳ΧɢɶЩʲô
һŴᣬһǸսɺҲԼҵǰ
ԣ˵Ϊħ
ħҲѹ˿ǧ˰ɣɲ֪ΪȻΪαĲͷ
ļٵģ
Ҫ˵ļٵҲûϵ˵йϵģƼ֪ɣ
ţ
ƼҿǴֱʲɹ˲ݣ˵Ƽν׺ǧйأƹ˼ǧſдƻµĵҩ
ŶģǵҩûǺ

ɢ̸ţ˭֪ͣˣǷ֣ƼҵĴƺƵŴȥʮֻСһĴֻɵĴſ磬˲ۺ졣
վڼװϣԭҲֻǸɢԶԶ˭֪ǰСǰʱаӰǳƼҵϡ
ӡƺǡеι㣿
а
λȿڣ쵹ȼʮĺ
̧ͷ˲ԶСϵķǵˣֻԺðĸ֣ԩ·խ
⻹ûŴٰأײˣ
ɧƹһֲԶȻѾֱʩչ˹׼ɺӶ
üʾԼ׼ˡ
ԪӤΪʿ£Ҳ
Ȼȷ䵽аǰʮֱ˴󣬽˲Զĺϣûõǡ
аҹ첻Ӳֻԭغ
ȴû˸Ƿι㡣
ʦãôôɨһ۲ԶɢޣҲƼҴϾͺ˵뷨ԾҲһЩ
߰ɣȻа˵ĸ֡
̵ͷͬʱһļƹ񶼹Žõ˵ͷסЩǶаǱϹϾ
ô˵Щô
аӱžȻҴҡڵĳǰ컹Ҫ˵ʲôʱ򣬽úȻһ䣬ܲǸµļһ졣
̣лǰ˴󣬲˷˳ưѷӻɢڵС
һɢǼ˿ˣɷͷֱڴװһıԹ
ûȥƼʲô
ǣǿƼҹͣСɢܹϵģ
ҿƼҲǺӣҪǣôûҲɲƤ
۾һѴ˴Ҫȥʲôʱ򣬾ɢһǰǧĴˣ
˭֪ǧǿ໥Ͼ˲֪϶֡
»δкϷˣ
˭֪ҴӾ໥óλãƼУһһңٲȻǻһ㽫ƼС
Ƽ˰Ż令мأ
ǰƼҲˣ㿴ոǸƼϵŮ𣿡
ˣƼҹŮɫŮӣֻݹصúܰ
ҪҲƼҹӵĴһˣҲֵˣ
ɢǽԽƵԽڣǵƵƵа˵ʸʵĻ˲ȼ˵ġ
ŲݹأǸֻṴ˵ļɢ޵С
ɢ㿴ҿ㣬ɵĴһЦ˼Ҳ
ɲǿƼҹӵĴ㼵Ҳıѽ
Ƽ죬òȥǵȹˣ
ɢЦû죬ڿʲôɵһ㣬Խͷǿаʦ㡣
ҪƼҹӸø߿һ۵ˣҲƣ
ûͣ£ȻһֱʻǰƼͣˣƼһСϡ
ɢǶһĬÿ˵·һʱСһƬž͵ƼҵĻȷ
Ƽһɢ޴һĶŵĿڣ˵ƼٹӣаͬŵĵӣǰȥƼһ
ɢȫɴԼ۾ǲ֪ʲôаֻ֪Ƽҹ͵Լϣλͬŵĵӣ
ֱۣһ찡
ɢǼˣ׷׹ͷҪȥλƼҹͬŵĵӣƽ̸ģ˿̶䵽Ƶϡ
򽾰һȻ֪Ϊаʱ룬ҲЩɢǿۡ
ȥߣͼüֱһƿ
ʲôƵɴԼ۾ŵҿаͬţǾȻ˶ң
ͽˣͬŵԻʦ֡
˵ȣʶ
л˵


48 
Цɢӿ, һʼֻǺСЦЦԽԽ, ƬЦ, вɢ޶ָָ㣬˵ǰΣ֪ô
ܿڻǰ, ŻҪȥƼ, ȴһǰץס֣ɫ֪Ҫȥʲô𣿡
бۿ˷һۣû컰в, ֻƿ˷, ԹԵĸ˻
˷һ, ûжĻֱ·ȥƼ
֪аȻƼ, ֿǧͬʱƼԱߣһʼǳ, ˭֪˴, ŷ֡ȻĽȻͬ
ˣҰ˰, Ǽǵ㣡
԰, ôֱ, Ҫ
Ͳ


аǧŵޡǳƼһ齫, 𾢲˵, ԶԶҰһߺ, һԾԾԵҪǳ齫
ⳡôô죡
ˣаͷû̧һ, ˲Ҳ쳣Ѻõοˣ

ʶ˿, ֿ˿ңգһ۾
ǲǽʲôԻ꾳ˣȺˡȺô浽һȥأ
ҡôг
ˣаƣȻ˸ʾԶҰԼλãҲվ
Ȼû뵽һ༸˾ǶˢˢͷֺˣӶĸо
аֱ⼸Уȥǰ㲻ǴңҪ̸̸ô߰ɣҴȥ䣡
ͷֿ˿ļ˫ͬգŵ۾Ȼԡ
ţԻ꾳
ġƼ
˳һȺˣһ齫
ǣ̲ס˳顣
Ƽʵķ
øһƼϣǳɫȥת
ӹȴ˽úһ˵Щʲô
ƺ˼ҪҪһôȺ浽һģȺô浽һ
ҲûȿڣĬĶ棬ȷʡ
ڣˣ̧ͷڵһ仰ǣ㣬ֻһ£
Ҫ׽٣ȴǷһͬ㣬ֵƵ׽١㡭ȷе֤ݣ
ô֪Щʲô
ûһþߵ䲻֪ó˵ԶҰ᷿͵豦飬ݵԼ
ע
֪˶ãƽĺ棬ȴѾվ۾÷·ҪѪ¶
ܿ죬Ѫˣȡ֮ģǹŽһ
аһ뿪šպߵԶƾԾȥǸϰԣ
Ȼ˵úɣȻءٵıˡ㲻õ۾
úȻЦһһû⡣
أ
׼֮أ
ò˫ҲʶĿʼս
ңϾ۾ĬĬ֮Ļ˵ˡ
ϾȥңҲûжá
ڵҡҲûжù
֮ǰǧŵ뿪ŵʱãԽأ
ڼѵļзˣ
ʲôʸָаأ
ţԣδжеģһЩù
ȻЦˣеˣеһѵľվԼѾаǰȥˡ
а˵
Һ㻹ͬʦõ֣ҴȥԼ˵֣Բ𣡡
˵꣬Ƚ˵ʲôһֱŶߡ
ڼװϴ齫ˣûüٴһк뿪ˣͷء
齫飬㿴ңҿ㣬վȥõķ⡣
Ŷ󣬼˷֣֪ʲôԼԴޱ飬ɺҲһûһǸ豦顣
𣿡ȥߣܴ˿̵Ľʲôû˵ܸеķꡣ
ʲôҪȥ飬˵ͺãĶŵö棬µһ衣
֪˶ãڣ豦Ķͣˣ̧ҡ
˶֮󣬽Լüģйעһʦְɣܸо飡
ڳĬоڳĬл
ˣˣаڣҲι⺢Ӳţ
ЦЦһĽõֱģ
ɼҵִ
ɢ߳ɴŸոյִﰶߣúһڰߴˣҿ˫һ㡣
ôҲû뵽Ƽʧ˻һ㣬ƶһԲ´ֱ֮Ӷ֡
ͬУһĽȻȴûжԣŷ죬֪ƣһȥ
ٲȻ֡Ƿڷ콣µľ
ԭɹ𣬴˿羪֮һ㱻˫⣬ֻܱ߿ޱȰǶļš
ȻаҲƬ֮Уܿ죬ƼҵĻֹ֣סľٶ
ˣаһǰĽ
㣿ŵɴԼ۾˵仰һѪ³ǰһڣܿƵεаǰ
а̾˿תҪߣȻȴֲ֪ӺδܳаǰָаıʦãǲǺܵ⣿
ͬУʦΪͷܸ˰ɣ
ƼңҲСˣڣʦֻ˴ʦ֣
Ҫкޣֱӳְα
ԽԽͷɢǣһЩŵӶ˹úòʹ죬ôˣƲаҶ֡
аƼҵϱΣܻƾͲƼһܼ
ȻаȴֻһЦ֣ͬСһ㡣
촽ֻ˵һ䣺ӣһҲԣ
һᴩƵ塣
š˲мһˡˡƵ
㡭ôҡǡŴᰡ
ڵǰǲ벻ʡ
켱æǰһּסƣһĹ˾Ҫһа
˭֪ǧŵĵȴ֣а
Χ۵Ⱥ̲ס󾪣ͷǧţȻͬʱ֣Ϊˡһˣ
ѵ𣿽ѵˣͬһۣ
УǧŽӵԼΧȺ󾪺ǿǣǧţ˰
ҵãһͬߣűȽϺʣ
ֵ𣿣
λϾĳˣʰɣȺƼ
ǰü˽õ֣쳣ֵ֣붯֣Ըҵ˾͹ˣ
Ⱥٴηˣţ⾹ңͬһô
⵽ܣŻͬʱõҵֱǵ
ˣ߰ɣ
ƫеŮӻûʲô飬ֻһ䣬ת뿪
뿪ҲಽͬʱϣֻһسԹȺڼвѡ
£δգѱ
ŴỹδʼվȻ粻ѡ


49 
賿, ƼסĵطȴԶҰ޿ɵڴϣŽһһץˡ
һͷѾ, ú, ǵ׬ǮĻô
𴲣𴲣ҿ𴲣
׬Ǯ͵ø֪
͵ǰ
ԶҰһ, ˴˶̽Ρ
˶Ѿɳȥ, ԭΪεûֳһʱȥչȴ, ƺͷû
, Ҳ, Ƽæ׼͵͵ȥ, ȴץ˸š
׼ȥһûһƼҵƹƣ
ĬûӦ, Цһ䣺׼ȥͬھ
˻һ, ʶ˼£ܿ, Լȫ, ֻ׸һ䣺㲻
Ŷȴû䵭, ˿˵ڣоԼһֱ̮, , Ҫô
ͷ, ۿȻͨ, ˫¶, ´˿еıһ䣺𣿡
ʱǰס˽õļΪƵˣһ˵Щˡ
˭֪ȴһתһ䣺߰ɣ

Ҳ㶣ΪʱٻһԼģôֿ뿪ˣ
ҡԼеϣ˹
ǲСģ˱ƭΪ˾ٵİԼϣδҲֵ̫Ǯˣ
˿٣Լ
ˣûͷһ뿪Ƽڵľ㶵ؿŽȥıӰþöû˵
֮Ǹ߳ĬԶҰһȲ裬ãڲȥͬǿô
ȴЦһ³֣䣡
û˿̵ȥȫעأ
ŴᣬΪ׬Ǯİ
׬ǮҪ飬ƺͷƨ
ԶҰϵǣðÿһŵƼС̶ȥһˡ
ÿӦʲôط˶ˣӦԣһһϸĵƼƹ
ʮƼС̣ȫһɣƣ֮ʱҪ´֮á
úˣŴʽʼ
Žһ߳ڵһ߿Ǹ̨֮ϣʶͰοһ䣺ü㶼ˣģӵģ
ȴҡҡͷԼĵƣȻԼˣ
ȻһЦľǱΪƼҵټǻЩ
ŴΪÿһεɼʢᣬеӴĻ˲µĲͷ֡
Ҫ˵˷ܵģĪǧţһԼø¡ջͷܵѪ衢ػ굤ĵĵҩ䷽
ζҩνؾζѵõҩѡ
ͨɢҲᱸһЩȻƷ׶ô
ǧŹζܵƷȻһ˲СĹע
ѰζǣǧŹҩ֮ʱƵƵǣһɢɢһ䣺ϲ
ܿ죬˫ĪܵԵɱ
ԭ˷ƺõģȴǧŻϤɴֱӽӹҲĺã
ǧɱһǧ˰˰ٰ
ⷽӾҲɣƼλͱǵһƳζҩˣΪֻѣ
ŶȵȣͿƣ
ǰΪζҩʿҲƶɵģ˫ֻǻ˳ۣûĴ
ţǿǣĺ÷Ӱ
˭˲֪ǵܵЧжãֻҪôڵҩıܣҪôΪﲻƣֻܻǮȥɵ
ΪˣֻʯǶˣ顣
񵤷һֻͿƣܲ˷ܣ
߲۵𾢣Ǳ߾òٵҩʦĺţˣˣĳˣ
һ˲䣬ԭֻոӵʿȫ
գѹѹȺȳһ㼤ĳƼ֮ǰúõʮ̡
һ죬ƹǾæͷתƽһΣʯյ
ڶ죬ƹǸ֮ǰľ飬ݵһţÿһǰݵʿ
ƹģôֱӴѽǱߵС̣Ŷӵʿһ䣬
˲˶ǣҶȥζҩݵģ
ǶöԲͬܶأƹæϵĺ
ŶҲǣ
ǰûϽð
һߣƼҩ̲ԶĲ¥ԶҰԶ𳤶ӵҩ̲ʽãΪʲôôǷٶȻ찡㲻˵ԼΪô
ǳǳһЦҡһĵĲ豭
ΪʱԽ˵ĶͨԽ۸ǡ
һƷʯ򵽵ݣΪ򣬾㷭ʮʮƷʯҲΪɱˣᱻڣ
㿴ЩʿﶼǴƷʯǸƷʯμŴģһһȥÿݶ˶ǮʮݣתĹô
˦ϰٻǧʯȫתͷȥǹעģ
οôĶ飬һ㣬ԵŶӻȥʱô
˼ϸ壬һֻϺ꣬ԶҰ̲סһ
桭
л佱
Цеġ
ԶҰ˼Խ룬ȴԽ鲻Ծ
˳ӣԼָŪҲֹһζǼ۰ʮУʮݶʮʮ
ЦеĿԶҰɵɵذָǰһǮĶ췭ʮȥô˵Ϸ˭ϲأ
¡Ů̫ˣ
ҲþЩʿԩͷģǶݣռȻ
ûһתȻԼʮˡ
ռȻ
ԣʦΪʲôأΪһζҩȥǼ۸ɱ֮ǰݵĳɱˣ
ζҩͷóȥż۸񻹸ߣǴ׬һʣ
Ǯ㲻׬
ԶҰһ賿ͰԼӴҪ׬Ǯĺ꣬˿˴׬Ǯ̻Ķ
Ȼ䣬ֻýЦһͬèһ˸ŻԹһ䣺Ǯ׬ġ۰
룬֧̯ӣ׬Ǯô
ԶҰ
ĸѽʲôˣعˣ
ڿһҲļƣֱǴĲҪҪİ˶ôô
ŽԶС˵ǣ̲סЦ֪úȫƻ
£ÿԶЩʦϣζҩһֱȶһļ۸ϣָ֮󻹻һгζҩ
뵽Ҳ㶡
гϵҩ췽ҹ̷ǸŽãһģԼθڶιˣ
£һԨгӵ˾ʽһʲôأ
ʶץֱߵĲ豭һ·Ҫ̵ͷΪ˱Ҽһ豭ǰ
òͷһۣȴЦŽĵ˵˳ȴ赭дһ䣺ҵⲻζҩϣ㲻Ҫ½ۣ
̧ͷãһֻͻе뷨ܱԷ֪ұ治ҪҶֽţ̽䡣
Һãѹһ֮䣬Ƕ֣
ҵĺ飬ҿɲԸΣյľУҲܼ򵥣ԴԴϵݣԴԴϵСǮǮҪģ
۾³һ¾˲٣Ծأһ
ȵȣǧƷʯݣǷҹӣԲˣ
ȻԭƼӣ͵
л˵
ڣûʲôܹ赲׬СǮǮĲ


50 
˳Ų¥Ĵȥ, ʮʿλҹǰ£ǼƣǰԲǰŴӡ
⣡˰Ե
㲻֪ɣλ, Ƿҵķ, ĸʦ¹ŵӡǻŵʿŰλҹӸŶһ飬ҹԲȥˣָֻʮʿ, ϽĳǮ, ˡ
⣿ƹģһʱû⡣
Ÿͷͬ˵ЩʲôȴֽѾĦȭƵĳȥ, , øò׼ɼȥ˰ɣ
ææ˻, ˽õ˭֪õλӵǰ, ȴǿһʾ, Ƽ̲ܰԲһ˵
ҹĻ, Ժϲ¥ġ
ҹ㶣´, ǸεѾͷ, ԼĪҲֻʮġʮ, ׼, ͼƼټѾ
, ҹӳƼټ˹ȭǼ
λ˵, ƼӲܰԲǿϷĳЩǮ
ƼټЦЦ, һ, ֱӱʾԵλƼҵĶң˵ʲôʲô
ǿշĳЩˣ
Ȼҿ﹫ӼȻ˳ģǲȥ¥ġϾ﹫Ҳ֪ŴᣬƼңʮӣ
ʮӣߣǷĳʮҩģԷĳҵĲȫԲ
˻ЦԽãͻװײס
ûж˵ʲôֻǰһһơ
֪ƼҴǺ⣬˿ԼʿԾҲֲʲô۶ӣಽĸ˽õ
¥ʾϲ裬һֱδߺȹ㶣ܿ췴ӦҶ㵵ĿУǸϲ֮ˡ
֪﹫׼¶ҩݣ
һݹĲ裬оԼ߿һۣҲ˲١
ԭҲͬŽʦֵܵҩݣҪĻҲͽһӵֱۣӺȥˣҲƹͣΣ
ʵ﹫ҪʵЩ
õıź
ˣ⻹ˣ
һţЦеָƼҩݣʮĶ

ͣԶԶҰˢˢ쳣ͳһ𣬾÷̲סͷԶҰ
ģģ̵ͷ̧ʾ⣬Ҫߣ
͹٣ϵ飬ôأȻ﹫һѽ
㶣ʲô񣿡
Ƽҽһӵҩȫ͸﹫Σ
ͣԶԶҰһˢˢ˲裬˲
ɵĿ˽һۣ¡
ƹҲһͷɵͷ̧ʾ⣺ģģ
ǡ˵ۣ룬ƼҶңǴ󷽡
ζҩҪʮݣҿ﹫Ӳƴ֣Ҳͷ﹫ӣʮȫΣ
ˡۣüͼọ́ҲǣԾһԭʮƷʯΪʮƷʯ
Ŷ⻹ͦˣ
ûֻһҩÿֶʮĶĻúȻס˵ˣģ̲ס׷ʣѽ
ҿ£﹫ûôǮ
Ц䵽˲䱻ֻʣһͷǮǮѾͷۡ
ô󣬻ûĶ
ۣƴ֣գ
ŶǷ﹫ӣȷҪʮˣⲻҷȷһ䣬
ԡȻ˰죬Ҳ㲻󵽵׸óǮ
ΣܲǰѾͷС
УЦ۾ˣ֣ʾ޽Լ
һˣֿ˷һۣ֪ΪξȻͬߵǰһ䣺﹫ӣ룿
ѹúܵͣԾһ㡣
ȻԽȰԽͷ˵˷壬ʾ£ϽԼ
ԼԼ̾˿ȰһҪ˼
ģԼʮĶءʮݡһԳۣƷʯԼʮƷʯ

ڶˣܻľȻȴЦһʾôأ
οʮĶصʮݣȻҪһһ͵Ҹȥġ﹫ӼǸͬʦֵݣ򣬵ֱۣӰԲЩݣ֮Ŷʱ䶼ʡˡ
΢΢Щҡ
οεƼƹţЩ񣬲ɽ﹫ӵȼü֮ȫѽ
һ˿ԼҲû涨ҪһȫԷ֧
룬˼ֺʽã⡭۸ܲܡٱһ㣿
һ͵ͷЦԽˣܿ죬þ̧ͷʾԣ
ڰƷʯΣ
ɽ
߷֮ԶҰγȥõ·ɻĻͷ
ͲģǷ﹫ӻؼ֮󣬻ᱻҼȣ
ڰƷʯʶʣ϶ᱻȣնЩݣɶǺݣòôǮñĶծѽ
أ
硭ҿ﹫Ǽʿͦã
Ĺų㣬Ǯ׬ˣͷҲҪԼŪһ֧޻ӳ
ȿȿȣĿ˽õע⣬̾˿ʾ֮ҪǮܷýͬһȥҼ
﹫ǸݰǷҼɲɵѽһ仰һЦģһɣҲȫ
ԼջͳȥһӲҩǮԭۣһΪǵʲô
ţ
һǡ㾡һ챻ͬ׷ɱҿһ㶼棡
ȴЦúܻл佱
ԶҰǿ佱ô
ҹƼƹȥ˷ڵţģ֣һһϣĩ˻ֱƼϱӦܵƼҵ
еҲԺǵ⣬ȴ֪ƼǩµԼȻ丸׷Ҽ·ϡ
һʴ󵥽󣬽ȥƼҲֿ⣬Ҫ鿴һ¸ݵĴ˭֪Žֿ⣬ͼƼƹޱȹĶŽһ
˰
ζҩʮУѡпƺǱҲ޴ʮݷʮ
ȫͳһɹΪʮݼ۸Ҳҩ̻ŴŴġ
ˣʮݿνֻƼһۡ
ԭƼƹ񻹾ûˣҲ׬Ǯ
˭֪ϸ΢СǮȴֱ׬ǧƷʯ⻹ֻһζݵ
ݣһ죬Ʒʯ
ҪܰѲֿĴȫȥʮƷʯ֣
ֻǲүǲү
ˣˣǵڶ죬Ŵǻʮ죬۲ҲѾˣ
ֻóһӣдţÿÿλʿóʮ
ƹüҪ


51 
⡭ǲסƹűķ, ӲͷƤһ䡣
ȻõĿܿ䵽Ǹƹϣʣкβף
λƹֿ˿ƹɫ, һ, һһȰеĹ˵˳񣬴ݵľͷڣ޹, »ǿҵĲ
ǰ, ҿԴӵҩӹǹݵľͷƻܳþã
ǰǰ, , , ̫ð죡
ÿżƹ໥Ӧĳ棬ûж˵ʲô, ֻͷЦЦ
ȵǶ֮󣬽ò, ǵע, ֱ׳ԼжϣҪģһʱ, պ󡣡
ûĶ, ֮, Ȼ뷨跨ȥ, Խ, ֻԽγһַ糱
˶׷糱, һɷ糱֮, ǵĿͻȺ, ͲֻŴϡ
ңҪȫ£ȻڼǮİ
һ֮Դ֮޻֮ӹ㣬޲Ƽҵƹۡ
һʱ䣬ƹ뽪ô۵СۣǹļžһƬ
ֱЦֶŽùƣǰ
˼ҲȷԭǽһҲٰģô˵ôȻɽ˵㡣
һǳǳʵڵĺ鰡
ӲֿƼס·ϣ̲ס˿佱һ䡣
һ㶣ԭΪöĿ㡢סֵһ࣬ȴû뵽ˡʵڡ֡
ʵҲֲýã˭ڳΪаǰ̳ɱ빫˾ȨЩ£˲أ
˦ƹ񣬵Ҳ˲١
ţþ;øƼҵķֳɣһ㣬Ͼɵĺ飬ţǧܶˣ
գƹԤϵǰ㣬޹һҩ̾ͰһƬ
ÿ˶̶ݣǰŶٶȼӿ˲٣Ҳø
æµһ֮ƹǾϲķ֣۳ȴû޹֮ǰһ˽ֶԽø۷һЩ
ǽãڲ鿴˱ѾƷʯ㹻ǧ̲֮סȸԾ
νծһᣬ֮ôǶܾ׬СǮǮˣ
ÿģһľ˼ô֮ǰ£ƼҼӦԶҰҸһ¸ˡ
ϾԼļƻ֮Ǿ͸Ŵˡ
ǣϣѵõģ֣ԶҰǳԷȾơ
ԭǱչˣĹģҲûٴţȵһ룬ֱӺƺƵŴΨһľƼҶȥ
ԼǺܿԵģ
һ£ǽãȴа
͵£ں¥ƹƼһ֮ѾˣȴҪȡ
ԭҪȥˣ˭֪ǰǰ˵ע˹ȥ
ñŸ̳˶ûӦԼһˡ
ŻزֿȥȥЩ׬ǮĴ󱦱
ѾʮƷʯˣʮڰǵ졣
ٺٺ٣һߴžɵЦһ㱧Թ֪ҪŴᡣ
ò׵׬Ǯᣬˣ׬СǮǮ
һתǣǰվһɫסʳ湫ӡ
Ĵ֮죬۾ȴ䣬ǿ࿴Լʶһ
öľ̳һ˲䣬Ӷ·һ㣬ֱӾȥס湫ӣˣүЦһ
ؽ
ŽˣåƣؽȻһҪúþסȥһѾƵĳ嶯
ƫƫûûʶ˿ؽŭһۣЦЦһЦ϶ر
ؽͷְס˽õ֡
Ŷж
ñ˱۾üͷƺ˼Щݾ֮ʫ䡣
˺ܾ֮󣬽Ӳһ䣺καûĻһԲ£
Բۣ
óؽԺᶨ˴Ĵָǰ˵Цˡ
ƻϸ㣬ڽñǼţ۵ЦȻһýúƷɶ˻һĳ嶯
嶯󡭡
ӳ崻ˡ
Ҳ֪ǹ˶ã·ϣһؽĻ䣬һ߽Լʱɽĸ룬ǵһ˵˳
˺ù԰Ҳģҡһúؽ
ؽȻһ٣ЦԽɲ⣺Ŷ
ǣ˵ؽǺأǻأţò׼
̾˿鿴ȥ쳣ɥһ̾һ졣
ؽ֣ʶͰĴߡԭֻǲ˿գһ֣е˲ؽָһ㣬Ӳס˿̵Ķ
ţȴȻֻ֪ؽ֡
ؽĬȻ˼룬ĶŽõǺˣ
һֱվߣ۶Դ
𣿿Ϊʲôڡħأ
Ǹʱ򡭡аξؽȷʵǳ˰ɣؽϻŽҪȥʲôأ
벻ףڿƺҲûκεйħ壬ǶģξýʶҪԶؽ
־áⱳʲô顣
Ϊʲôƫƫؽأ
̾˿һԼצӣˣˣ߲밮ӣ׬Ǯö
Ǯ
Ǯؽ˽úһצӣ˳Ļ½ӣ
ǮҪͼٸޣƺƵֱָţһ˵룬ȻЦ˳ǸСʦŸҳ
롭
ؽ̲ס̾˿ǳԤϡ
ܿ죬ؽץ⻰ص㣺ٸޣ
԰
ϧˣ
ϧʲô
ٸޣҲ򲻹һˣؽڽöߣѭѭգЦ
Ȼ⻰˵꣬ͼȻֱ˭
˭ôѽ
սؽ
ؽĲıԼš
ɼڣµؽһϲߣ£ؽȴȻʲôɳܵĵط
ֻ˵ؽ֣ͼĪҲţӵһЩãȿڡ
ءؽôǿ𣿡
Уǿؽĵ˵ͷ
úÿüͷԼֹ󣬽ͻȻɵЦɣû£͵͵˵Ŷؽţͳʦվһ߶ҹˣܲţ
ٺٺ٣ûܲţ
Ȼشûеõǰ˵ͬɵɵؿǰĴ˺Ȼ̾˿յĶߣǶħһô鷳
ֱӹؽһˣͺˣ
öһľö𣬽ѹѹȥ˲ǰ÷Χ
л˵
ãöööҮˣ
ؽǹϱһ~ģ
ãҵƻﲻ̸
ؽQAQQAQ


52 
, öȣöõıܾɥ, ͬʱԴһöһ㡣
ǰĴ, 񡭡ؽˣý˼룬ȻǼȥȽϺá
ؽŽõıεЦЦ, һҩȡ, ÷£ŽðȵĻ˯ȥһ
Ƽסʱ, ؽʵǿ, ̲ס΢΢̾˿
Դ֮ǰֱ֮, ʵҲעŽõľٶû뵽ԶҰǸСƨȻ֮ǰ᷿豦鷭˳
֮ǧǸС, ҲǵٷһȥŵҲһ, Ҳײ, æ
ɽ껹δ뵽ޱȺıʾҪӶٸ޵뷨, ؽ̲סЦЦ, ð, , ˳, ˡ
ֱ̫ɹƨ, òź˪һš
´βúô˰ɣԶҰŽɫĳ, ,
ÿ˿ûһ£أ
ҸߣԶҰЦֻ۾ֱ⣬ϵһһ
̾˿ر
죬ؽ˰ɣ
ؽ֮󡭡÷ԼļʶƿһΣĻ档
ûؽ
ʲôʱʼƷôˣ
ڽòҷ˼ʱˣһյ˫ر߾̲סЦˡ
㵹Ͱ컹͵͵뿪ȥǶˣøǶһ˽õߣ
ƿһۣûп
鷳ƵĻȥ￴˵뺯ϵĵص㣬ЦԽɲ⡣
Ȼȴһ۾ͿС˼ָģ

ֻ㣬ҪȰҹȥ

ֲ֡ſڣ̾Ͷصġݷǰ˵ǣҲڣôС޹ܳԵķϣڣȥİɣ
Ƴۿ˿뺯ĵص㣺-԰
ôͺһȥأҲҡҷһ㣡
ؽһðɣ
Īܣ˼ǿǹװСģ֪ܵ˺УҲܲ
ǣǿǿӺ﷢һţ
ɴӦǴӦˣȥ԰һ£ȴԽĥ
ȴ֧ȡ˲ʯŽһҪԼϵ׶֧ȡߵļƣ̲סȤһ䣺׼Լױô
Ƥһʶ֧֧õķӦҲ˼룬Ϊ𾪣ǰɣѵģ㣿
ʲô㰡ö÷ҲƵˡ
ƻ裬ȥ԰ſڣ׵СʾؽѴӽ翪ʼ԰ˣ
硭Ϳʼˡ
ĪģЩȻԼͺ֮󻹲ĴŮ
Сӵָ£ȥһ˽ͤͤ߳ˮеһǼƣһУؽһϮ£ƮƮȻ˽õԱߡ
ÿؽǾΪˡӯӯǳЦģɴվһһҧһƲɵİ֮ǰȡʯֱؽ
ؽƺɻΪÿ˵ȴԾ˼֡
ûûʲô㣬Ż
öûԼ˵⻰ʱ飬ҳؽǱ
ؽЦһ䵽õĶߣȻ־ͽƿԼС
˵˻ϣ
군˻һ˲͸оԼʵŮͷΡ
ûϣϣָ죬ʾԼʲôϣ
ؽһ˽ʯӣζһ£ãǮأǮأ
øоԼĴٴ崻ˡʲôǮ
ڵİɣ
̧ͷؽȻƫƫʶһ㣬赭дһһǡ
۽ǵʹ˿˿󣬺ıһ㣬вתƵҪҪһԴߡ
øоԼˣô֪ԼȻô̬뷨һĴˣ򡭡ؼң
û򡱽ûû˵꣬ͼؽҲüͷһ˲䣬̲סٴԼһΡ
ƿĿ⣬ȴؽֱӽӲȥʯٴص
ԭ˵ĻǺҵģ
ã
˵ɶ
ɹͼٸޣҲϿһۣսĿУǣʵؽ´ʼȴ㵵ķ·°͡
ǰɣսҲȱǮ
ȵȣؽ˼ʵɶҲû̸̸Լ׼Ӷ޲ŵ룿
ĵʱʾԼҲҪӶ
ⲻܣԲܣԽ룬þԽǸʵ̫ס
Ӷ˭ҲûǮӶؽۣ
üѵ¿ˮ̽ؽա˵ˣҪ㣿
ؽȻסԼ֣΢΢½õĶͷЦЦĿȻΪҪôʯǰ
ã
һ˲䣬͵ؾͱסԼʯӣҪؽû¶ôؽѽ
ǰƷʯڣ
ǰֱóȥҲ׬Ʒʯؽѽ
պˣðͰ͵ؿڵ
ţؽһԼͷ
ƵĻܡֻδ˵ڣҵˣؽһ仰Ͷ˽õ·
͵صɴԼ۾ŵĺ˼ίķ·Ҫ޳һ㣺㿴ҪҰԼծˣ
ң°ڣ
ð˭֪ؽȴһھʹӦĩ˻ֵŽõĶͷʾÿɲҪǣԼ쵽׶˵ʲô
ң˼ȴؽѾƮƮ֣ڻʯˡ
Ⱦ˹ңǮҾˡ㡭ؽȤζĿ˽ã֪ʲôһ˽ڡ
ҾܻˣҸúʲôأǡ
úûϢֱˣûһ仰û˵ھˡ
ֱԼҪؽǰȥǾͲ˲ˣָԼ͵ýһ԰С
ɫ˰
ᣬȥҲû˧簡ôؽǰһأ
ȻһƮƮĵһ䵽˽õɻʱ򣬾ؽ
˵һҵĹȻҲǵһڵĹ
һڵӼ̼㣬ãļɣ
ã

ô𣿣
ˣнڶ࣬䲻٣ǳȴǴ´࣬𣬲ھȥ
ã𣬵ȣ£
ãôʱңؽ䣬ƾȵ䵽ġ
ôһڵƣһʱֻã֣
ƫԶҰ˹̼ææպãһ


53 
, лģҾͻ뿪ˣ˵ţĿȴϳŽȥ, ƺѰʲô
û, ܵͦɰģñ˵ţ֣һԶҰͷ
ȻҲ֪ǲΪ, ԶҰһĿܡ
̸ʱ䡰ܵܡı֮ʱ, ԶҰǹĴյ䡣
磡磡
ţ
㲻øǮ, ǮˣƱҼ, Ǯ

ã⺢, Ƿ飡
ԣԶҰȻ, κν⻰ǴĶȥˡ
, ˵Ļأ
òɫ, Ǳ, Ǽ, ҪԶҰһ㡣
һ˲, ԶҰٴθܵ˱ͷ֧Ŀ־塣
ԶҰһ˳, ˵Ǻջ, ֱ˵ǱԲ, ͬʱ, ҲԽ
Ͼ, ԶҰ˾ʧ룬ɵУҲǶһˡ
ʵҿȷʵȱǮˣڴˣԸڵǰ䣬˵ҸʲôҾ͸ʲô
ã
ȱ
Ǳؽµİʯһֻ̽˵죬Ǯң
ȻȽýǮĻ˵ڣ̲һ䣺ֻղϾҿ˵ģ
ã
ԶҰ
Ƚÿڴϣֲһ䣺ǣھڣڵ¾ҵ£Ҹڵ
ʵҵΪѾǽˣ
ңģ㿴ôã㵱ǲǺ׬ѽ
ãһ㶼ã
ڣֻҪǮѣ
ԿѾȫͣˣò׵Կ̧꣬Ҫ˵ʲôʱȴ֮Ĳ˽á
ԭһŴ˵ӴȣɢҲ̽ѰؾؾսƷħ
Ľ󣬻ͷãȴֻֽޱ飬һŶ
ǣħؾﻹкܶ౦ģ硭ٺ١˵˵ţϻ˺졣
־ڱصõĺǧ԰Ѱ֮ˡ
ڻŵʽӣҪʤؾҪһɢɶ
ݹֻҪܹǰʮͿԽؾ̽ˣ
ԣ㿴
ûȤֱһܾ
ʲôЦʱ䣬ȥ滮һô׬Ǯأ
˵һ飬ҵʵ㹻ǽ뵽ǰʮǰʮĶ鲻Խؾ̽գÿ黹õͽʮƷʯ
Ŷñ˱䣬Զͽ𣬺ǸȤ
ŽǴӲͷ󼫶ȸȤת䣬ּһѻ𣺡ʮƷʯǰʮ֧飬ÿ֧УǮҲҪȫ㣬Σ
С尡ôΪģһߵͷһļ򣺡ֺ˵Ǿô˰Һһ飡㸺ҸǮ

ԶҰңԣ
˸߸׼԰Ƽʱȴ԰һƬ֮żȻǱǳǳƺ׷żŵĵӡ
ӵʵ
ˣҪϻˣҲȥ
ǳ׼˽˭֪óһɲǣҴܣмΣգɿԷѾĳǳֻһԣҪ÷ס˵Ĺ
ܿ죬һ˫ڿײǳڻǰԼߣ뽪á
üǳʣֿ˿ٺһ㣬ȥǳͻײŴµĴ
ʱűػǰ̽ҡ
֮עĿ
ôȺأ
ֱȼһŷʾѾ֪ͨͬʱ֪ͨ˵һڵǺܿͻ
˼״֪ΪȴǳЦһȥ
Щʲôˣüߣʾ֡
ڣŵˣŵӴȵһţʵ˵ǳָŵӴȵĵһĬ˼룬׹
ֻεŴӴȣʲô
˵ǳֵģǱ˶
¶ţŴᣬûֵֹ߳Ҳɵһã
ЩץץԴ̾˿ѵӴϵг
ǳΪߵȷʵﵽ벻ЧۿŶҪõһˣ˭֪ڣŵߺȻɱ˳̨ϣǳҪȴû׳ɹһ㣬Ȼˡ
ֵԭֱӴǳ뿪ǧһڵְˡ
˵ڣŲΪħ
ڣŵˣħнӴô
ҡҡͷͬʱʾǳӦסϢѽô˳
һ𣬽Կһۣ붼ûȥפء
פأһжá
ֵԵǳһɻý̲ס²⣺ҪôڣܴߵǳҪôǳ뿪ֻ֮ܶеŪһС
ֵڴò裬ǡõһڽ޴ʦԹͶȴû뵽ڽһ˲䣬ȴֱ˵˽ߣۣǼŵСʦ𣿡
̲סһ飬ȽӦλ޴ʦ־һ˽õ֣Сǽһϣ̫ˣһֱҪһСʦãֱ⼸˷ܵ顣
ƺɻԻһ䣺ǵһڵӡǣ㼴ΪŵˣϲޣҪҪǽ壬һǳģ
ڵɢޣӲ̲סǰ˽õ֣
ָؾǸ
ǣ
̫ˣҲ׼μӣ߶ˣԸ⣬ҿֻһ˳һᣬģΪΪ񡣡
ŶúԱԵ龪ˣģѾöˣѵʻɣ
ңĿǰ㻻ѣԵЩΪѣ
ûϵȴһӣһ㿪ʼԼȻǽޣͬʱҲҩ᲼ҺõģУټһΪΣ
Ա˵ȴЦеתͷвǱ飬Ҳͬ⣬׼ܸɴһ㡣
룺ǡǮ𣿡
ţ޶ܼ࣡
˻һǺͷڽҪԽƶΪܾɵʱȴֱӴԼĴóһƷʯ˽ϣʮ򣬹
ʦȥݣⱦҲһˣҩ
ã
ϲôΪĹ۵ģһԷֵֻܺһֶš
һһڵĵȻֻΪöʲôͶǶǽڡ
һԸǲ£۸ûôűͣ
Ȼܿ죬þͱʾǶһʦô£ȫûⰡ
̸߲ã˭֪Ǳǳ˹ĵһ£ֱӶ˽һʯʾҪҲ
ֱɵˣô
һڵĽ޴ӡǳûŵƼҹͽá
ⲻɢ޶飬ֱǡŴӻ⣡
ȴܺرʾ˭Ǯ˭ϴ
ֻҪͲ⣡
ɡûڲ٣̲סŽõĶһ䣬˭֪ȴЦеĻһ䣺ÿܣ

л˵
ҿ͸ˣ
ڣڲ٣ڵģ


54 
Ҳ, ȷҪǳСãڵǳܲȶִֵҪȥڣŵˡ
Ǽ, ²档
Ҫȥμӱ, ǱǽƤӵ»ðɣ˭ϣһ۾Ϳǳͼ, ȴ㲻ɫر
, ûдȥһǳôԭ򣬾
Žգһ۾Ȼ𵱳һν, 뿪ʱ, ҲɫѡŽ֡
, Ҳ֮Ž뿪
ʱĺ, õôأôСȴǡôչ˺ÿһ˵
óͶɻĿ, ƺô, ̲סάһ䣺ŶֻǾ, ÿᣡ
ȻΪûҸ, Ȼ˵, ˧
ǳ˳, һ䣺ǲǻҪллĿ佱
ǳ̧ͷ, ֽ׼뿪, Щɻ, Ҳżεǰסˡ
Ŀ⾼Ŀǳ, ǳȴԾͷòſڵǡ׼ҵʲô𣿲ǻԵ£ǡйء
ʵϡػܿ죬Ҳżɣ㣡
ǳ㶣ֱӽĻˣҪشĻǴһҲҪ
ɣҲҪѣ
Ѷִǳǳ鲻˼֣һȿ޻ѿЦǣԭѡ
ԩҲֺǺǵһ٩ȴǳɫѸȥ
ٿ˵ʲôǾͱǳӴϳȥˣ󣬵һڵҲŶ˳
̾˿ʱǳԣ治ǳĴ

ԭȥãȴյϢֻ뿪
Ҳٻһ
ܺã첽ϻƼסܼʱ䣬úһ£ô׬Ǯˡ
ȻһƿڵԺʱȴԺǿᲱ£ؽһϮ£۾֧סԴɢ㼡ƮȻɵģ
磬Ժű¹ˣԺϣסԼĿڡ
ĺ
ȽȥƿԺţؽ´Ʈڽǰֻᵽһ㣬ȵ·ӦʱѾؽУصԼСԺ
ǡܲ˺Ҳܲô
õͷ˫ֽ棬һԲɵޣȴӲУֽӲǡǡҲʾ˿̵жš
ؽ״ȴЦһ֪ӺͳһƼƱŵǰҪҪȣ
ûͷһؽؽеЦ⣬ɴһһؽб£ƱȾͺȣ
ֻҪؽͿˣ
̴ž죬Ȼؽһ˫Ǻӵ۾ȴ·Ѿȫ뷨ֻһЦȽøԼƣһһĺˡ
һƼףؽɫ΢ڽǰ˯ƫסõ֣ȴ˿
ñؽƺޣջ󵽲Ѫֻܲתͷ۾ҪԼܲպղؽ
ƫ΢ؽԸŹᣬԽǲԽЦ
һһɳҵͳЦӿõĶУõԽ˼֡
࣬˰ڣ̲סͷؽһۡ
һۣãѪֱ˫¡
ƺؽ˼֣뻳к󣬵ֿ˽õϢҪﲻԾ
ûŲã˼Σ󣬽뿪ˡ
ɴһҵɵؽС
ˣˣͲҪںˡ
ؽǰ⻨յģҲ֪ȥˣ
ɣķҲܰꡣ
ôңؽｪûж˵ʲôֻЦ˫ֺ£ԽȦڻУ
ñ۾ң㳤öÿԼô
ȥؽЦԽŨյöߣһһ䣺ڣˣ
һ仰õýĻ
Ĵˣ㹴ˣÿͷģ
ؽȴЦ֣Ūһ½ΪŶϵķ˿
Ҹɱ۾˵ʮŮѾƺ쳾Գһ㡣
ؽȴһ̬ûлػֻǼŽõͷָươ
Ҳ۾׼ٿؽһۡ
˵Ľ֣һֱؽȻڽöߣۿ
ԥ˰Σ۾ѲСԺǱؽţƺϼ棬ӵߡ
ɺף·Ǳָһ㣬Ҳߣһƺ֮ϣȻ衣
Ƕһ̣ܿԶĻҪǲãǨȺ嫺̲зԾƺƮɵ񡢺¥ĳ
ϵԴԴϽ뵽ڣһܹ֮ܵ飬۳ڵԴˮ֮С
һ̣ޱȵϣҲޱȵãޱȵĸܵԼСΰ
תͷؽǵһڵɣãءֻصػߡ
˶أҲܹ˿̵̬ô
̬֮£ֻǳƤҵİƺһֶð
ؽңҪٶ˽һЩ
֪ΪΣ÷Լԭеᣬ۽ƺᡣ
ؽҲһ̣ӵ˻УĺԴһƷһ㣬Яȥ᣺ޣ
ץסؽ䣺ؽҿ㣿
ָǡڸ֮ǰаУ
ؽ֣ཪõͷֻ߽ã֪һеĴ𰸣
ֻڡ
ƺ֮ؽýһҽõԭˣҪ뽪õĲ顣
ɣǲɢ޵ôһ
һϣңɢްؽȴЦеأٲȻֻϺһ㡣
ǡһɣ԰ɣ
ʲôЦһɰһҪĶУǻʲôɴؾħֱӽϲô
ԣôģǮҲҰ£ؽЦЦ
ã
ĺĺ
ǰһĶڣֻʣʹ
ǿˣؽжͣ򲻹ƽͺ
Уӣ飡òغԼŶˣУڣŵ顭
ҪͬʱǸǳСӣؽЦ˼ζ
͵صͷָڵĳؽһ˳
ʾܹ󣬰ڣƷʯ
ȥһˣѽ
ǡؽЦһм䣺ǡǺõĺܣ
ãô͹˵ģ
ؽ
л˵
ؽQAQίҲ˵
ãҮһ֣


55 
, 㶮İɣüؽĬֻ׷ʹ
, ؽЭһЦ, ضŽһ䣺˵ʲôʲô
Ȼֺˡ
û, Ҿˣ, þʹҴܿˡ
ֱȥڵСԺۼؽû׷ò˿
Լڿڳʱ֮׬Ǯƻ
, δȽ̤Ժ, ǧŵŵȻԼͬ, ҲֻΪһ£뽪ڵɢ޶顣
ҪҲȤ˰ȴһ䣺, ʱ̨´ĵ̨׬Ǯ㿴Σ
ÿԾԾԵı, Զ϶һ, ҲɵĻ˳ҲΨ²ҵҪ뵽ĲС
Һ, ϢĴǱȽø, Ѹҹķ顣
˭֪俴һ, ˫˫˿, ֻ˽á
߶߶˰, ȴûһ, ҲЩίͰ͵Ŀ˽á
ã
ڴһԻؽһԻ
תһ, ȴ˼һ, ǰαӲĹ򵽵׶Щʲô
һʼ֧֧᲻˵ȿ˿ڡ
ǽˣεıʲôɢޱ
ǡŴ
ֻΪ˶ĿΪؾħŻɢҲɶ
չֻҪÿ֧ˣͿԲ಻Ϊ̶ȣ߲ϰʮꡣ
ΪһȻ뵽ؽ
ɺܿ콪þͰͷˣ֮ǰؽ۹ľ巽ʽؽȴʾֻҪýʱдȥģҪǡ
ù
ʮʱ䣬󲿷ϰҲֻܴﵽ𵤾磬ٲ츳ɴﵽڣǶǳǳ٣Ҳǹƽޱ˵⻰Ŀ⾼ĿҲʾĶ˻ȥ
ЦЦ˵Լմ㣺ĶԽԽãˣǳһ顣
ʣµһ飬Ҳȥͬŵʦֵһ飬ڵһڵԣԭж顣
ΪΣʶüͷ
ΪֻҪǰʮĶ飬ÿ֧鶼ͽʮƷʯ
ҪǰʮǵĶ飬ǿƷʯ򣡡
úܼһߵˣȴһһԡ
ôԵ̲֮סЦָһ䣺ֲǵһʶ
ޣ
䣺
˼˰֮󣬺Ȼ֣صĿڵΪͽȥұػŵɱǰʮʱõͽ𣬶㣡
һΪó俪ĵЦЦ
ȴɷ˵һקŽ뿪Ժӡ
֮ҪѶֵô࣬ΪǮɣüͷ֮ǰᵽײǳҲײڣŵˣ
ֻΪǮأЦЦȴѹţغһֻӥ˲𴩽õαװ
óĬ˼룬̾˿̹ףǰײ
ֻ룬ڣҪؾﶯʲôֽŵĻߣӦһЩ룡
οΪͬˣɢ޵ķʽڣŵĵӣδ᳢ַʽ
˵ףǰʮĶ飬ԽԽڶǵԽܼ࣬ҲԽ࣬𣿡
仰ȴ˳Ĭ
ÿ޳ĬӣԭҪȰο䡣
ȴ쳣ĵһ䣺ôֻ࣬Ҫʱʱȷ㹻֣ܹ㽫侲ǳһѣֻΪ˱ѣ
ÿһô£ؽޣΧе㲻Ծ
ǳϾǣǮģһ䣬
ţһڵҲǳǮģȴĺܿ죬
ǲһǳǸԩͷŵģЩ飬ϾϴǺһֱ޶һǣ
ȴԾĽĿ䵽Լֱߵʯӣ֪ΪΣȻʽһ䣺תһݻüô
ΪǳôţʵĽּʣСġ
ʼĽãȷе˵ǽãȳǰġ
Ŀƣú֪Ӧ޴˿̵Ĳʲô̱޵ļ߱ʾǳɲһ
ĻûʯԼҲһᱣģ
һ仰ЦˣõԼİǹĺһ㡣
ÿЦȴĪӿϼΣҪ޶ôãȫĵģһֻͷؿ
ʼ޵ʱʵǱͼġ
ôһ֮İõĽִ⣿
ޣתҪ뿪֮ʱ¶ĺס
Һ㣬ֻѣߺû飬УģҸõѣԡ
˵ЩʲôһͷȴĴ㵣ƺȫ׽õ仯Ϊʲô
㶣ʶŲԵüţǵж
һú޲ô˿̾иȥԼˡ
ȥ˵̨£
úһһܿˣԭνȻڽõӰʧһɲǡ
ǵЦҲˡ
ֻѡ
װȴܿ΢âǵҹա
ڽ˵ҲֻǼֻ΢âǣۣʸȥվߡ
ʶָ֮ǰòϵĺߣȻ޿ɬЦˡ
ҺãδñԼļ
ܣѣ
ڵ󡭡Ѷˣ

Ŵգ
֧Ҫͬһǰˣһ͵͵ȥдԱ
û취˭һؽ
Ȼû뵽ǣҲùд鱨Ϣ
ֽþȻҲҪμֱȻǺ˳ָڳ롣
ԽõΪôμֱأ
бһۣûĽеıȥƶڽõӣŭ
ۿý걨׼뿪Ƹɴһǰ˽õȥ·
Һ˵أ𣿡
аΪʦûε𣿡
ͣúȻܲӵЦƹȻˣŵʽãЦʲô
ûָ֣һûһĵԼĶͷƵôĲм߸ϣ޴ң
˵ڣڣǣҲΣ
ϼɣ
óƻӻ֣ת뿪
Ȼ뿪һ·֮󣬽ȴԾͣ˲ͷȥ
Ҳ氡˴̼ƣ񣬾ȻŲ׷ˡ
³


56 
, ó˵һڵƣԭֻҪؽһ£˭֪һڵӾȻˢˢ, Ľ¡

һǰμŴĵӶ쳣ϵĵƵ˷, ˭֪û죬һ̧ͷŷ֡
أ
԰ؽЦеĿŽΪŶס䲻Ϸ֡
ۼΧû, һȭͳؽȥҵĵǸʲô⣿
ûʲôؽ罪, ɾͶ㿪Ļȭ
ûȥ÷ŭĽ¶ؽһѾܷѾˣţ
ڣƷʯڿôֿ֮ؽͷ֡
һ, һҪͷͷһȺСܳӿ, СǮǮҪͽ, ǿǰڣôҲҪһԼ۱Ⱥòã
οֻһ, УؽǮ, ϶ǮȽҪ
㶼ȥˣؽ͸˽, һΣ׬ǮӪٳǮǣ
ߣȴֻؽһ, ȫ͸ݼ
õĺƼ, , ʱ, Ͼ, ׳ſ裡
ðɣȲ˵, , ΪΣؽ̾˿, µʱջС
룬ȴȻؽӦôӦдԼʽɣ
ԼؽҲ㶣ЦֻϺһʾû⣬ھͿд
أдԼһҪ֮󣬿ؽ
ûУؽֵһߣЦֻСã
Ҫأ
ûУ
Ҫĸأ
ûУ
űʣֻ⺢ӻѾǸҪԼȢСӡֱ֮ǰˣҪ
һﵽôһλãܱ֤һû˵İ
ʲôҪ󣿡
ҲǣؽȻõ֣ýòò
ֻһ£
ԶҪƿңңһֱߣ

ڣؽһ٣úɫֽؽ۾ס֮󣬽ÿָԼǡ
̫Σˣһ۾ϱɯ1ֵܰɣ
˰Ƶ㡭ΪЩ顣
üͷ̸ʲôеǰŲͱ˸Ūȥ
ߣ
ȻѾȷҵıˣǾ͸ϽҸɻȥ
һ˲̫ѰҪȥҶκ춯һʱ䱨ң
ȻսС£ɵİɣ
ػսͷԳƵģʱҿǻĹǮģ
úƵ˵ֺⷬ뿪ˡ
±һٵؽεĳ½Χס۾ĺɫֽԴӽɹԽԽˡ
ؽ̾˿綼£Դ˽֮󣬵Խ־Щµĵ
ĿڡЩʹ
ؽ۾ٴȴǻָĮת뿪԰
ʵϵò뿪֮𽥱һ֣ܿ죬ڱŵӵĿע£ָֻԭ
ȥһɲǣҲڷ󣬿ʼС߶߶ֻҪ̨Ͼһ
ʱұҪɱˣ
չؾ̨߱ϣۣ


뿪֮˳ְؽɵıϴӡǣŽȫı͵
գŴﲻŵؾ̨ʽʼ
һλȴǿŵģֵȴֵĽ˵һαһ´ǡ
վڱĽóŲԶȥȻؽԡ
俴ûκ쳣ֻҪؽ۾ͿԿһɱĺǵϡ
ȵؾԻ֪ԭ򣡡
ԭˣ
κ⣬ʣҶ㣬κε顣ˡʱܸ֮⣡
ؽҲϣκεĺڹĻԣᣬңΪҽܲһ£
ҰҲվڶˣû㿹ѹҲܹ϶Ǹλã𣿡

һ㣬Ҳţ˵ǸʵʱҪ֪һУң

һ̣ؽĶԶԼĻҪӿ
ԾأҲһؾ飬ס̫ˣ
ֵ˵ÿ֧鶼ȥǰȡ̨ţʮ̨˼壬̨Ҫصһ֣ȵĶǫ̈̄꣬ϵĶʮ֧ǻʤ
⣬λһ̭һεĶ飬лѡһ̨֧ϵĶбҲֲ˳ŵµĸ⡣
ȥ̨ţǳں۲죬뽪õĲԲͬڣֻɳһ֧飬ֻˡ
۾ζţڣˣоԵʵֱӽǰʮ֧顣
Żˣһ15̨1ŵǩʽźòãǳһɵӵı鿴
ȴʾóŵӽһ£ʹ죬ô
&amp;ǳ㿪ľͺã
ź󣬽óͬһ̨ȥҺãǲʶˡ
ŵ߹ý̨ǡ߰㡯Աô
ǳʲô
ȵȣǶһˣ֣ɵˣ
һ̾͵ԲԼ۾ʲô֣ؽ
ôҲڶУ
ˣұǣ
εԼ䣬һߵİ˳Ĵ˳
һ̣Ȼ̨֮ϵĸɼȫ°͡
ҿ
Բۣ
Ҫ
ϲߣ
ô͸£ֱֵıӣҪħֱ˵ڸô˵ô
ȻαװʮȥμָŵӲŻμӵߴ
ɴؾصһˣ
ǧ˺üۼѾվ׼˵ЩʲôߵĽֺȻһ֣ޱµ˻ȥ
Ȼǽϲõıվֱȥһŵģڼܲһ
ʲô
Щյؽؽȴɫ䣬ƽһЩҪҵˣʱѣ
ã
Ϊһʲô߳һαװȴû뵽αװãֱӱϳˣ
սͷ治Ǵã
ϵ㣬ĵӣôˣҲֻЩɢô
õע̨Ķ˻һˣɷͬһŵĵӣͦžˣ
ǳҪ˵ʲôһѰס˼
ôǿɢô̧ĽЦݺ̬Ŀǰˣ
һ㶣Цǿ𣬶ǡû˵Ƕʮ̨Ϊվ̨ϵģЩʲôŵĵӣ
Ϊɢ޾սʤĵӣʲôΣ
˻û˵꣬Եڵأ
ˣ֣԰Ƕȥˣ
ñ˵Цſ̨ˣҪǶô飬ǿɾͷˣ
һƿԻҩ˽˳ǸƼҵĹͣ˵ǧŵζҩ
Ȼʲôҩ֣
ã
л˵
ע͡1ɯϣе߷Ů
PSǣˣmuaһڣллȴŶ


57 
ԭ̨֮ǰ, þǳǳλԱҩһ˼ֻս, ǳÿԳѰҶԷ㡣
ԭΪԼӦûʲôڸ, ȴû뵽һ֣ǰѴڸиˣ
һ, ˵, ǿҩʦڵġ
ǣһ޵Ķ飬Աһˡ
Ҳ˵С, ֻһ˶ס, ˶Žǳ, εĺ˼㿪⼸˵Ĺ, óʱ˷С
㵹Убۿվ̨һЦеؽ,
ӦĨȥԼϢ, Żᵼ¹⼸ˣ˿ûвĴڡ
Ŷؽһ, ֱӴ˽ߵ, ûӦͱ̨
ˣؽȻϢȥ, ĬĬҲڽ߻һ, ȥϢ
Ҫǲ, ϢϢ, ǳ, 㹻ˣ
, ǳͽʣµˣ鲻õĳǳ˾䣺һȥҪõ㣬Ҫ򣬵򣡡
˵ֿ˽̸֣˵ߣ
ιģϽСүһûأ
׼̨Ķ飺֧鵽ʲôһ˾ޣ
ĵӣȻŲ
ô
ǳһֿۣ˲ԶĽؽһۣҲ֪뵽ʲôɴ˸Ƿߵһϯض˯
̨ϣ滹ڴˣֻʣһˡ
ԭΪĺܳűһ˴ȥĶԽԽ࣬·ԽԽߣò˿С
ԭ츳ּģһ׽ˣ̨Ͼ͵ñȥüˡ
أĶƺҲζ˹
ǵֵ𣿡
ǰɣֻһ𵤶Ѱ
վؽߣеզһ£ֲԾ̨
޺˵Ķ鶼̨ţƺһע⵽ߣĻҲų̂ڣš
һˣ˿Ѿֱһܣ˵ȺȺҲͬһܺĵȴ
ӣڣ׼ֱ̨ʱ̣׳Ϊǳ˳㡭ҲһԼʵ
룬ִյǳϸڵȺĹ
һܽȺ󣬵ȵ̨԰ʧܵȺ˳ѡսѾ̨ϵ飬߷ѡ뿪Ⱥ
֮վ̨ϵĶ飬ʤ
΢΢ۣ˼Ļͷ۵ȺڣŵĶ飬ֱģܵһһѪζ
ͷϷûпʼ
ǲõڵһ¾վȺƣ˽á
õɨһۣȴһֵս֮󣬴յߣʲô
վڽؽõķ򣬲ԾִżֳЦ
ܿ죬һ֧սǡ
һ֧ԭһȺɢɴźģۿСһ򵱹أĪļƣˣֱȨ̫ӣдһ
ңĳ֣˵̫ء
˭֪Ǽ˲Ÿոϵ̨ûС˫һ٣һ䣺Ӯˣ
ƮƮأһĄ̇档
ɢСֶӣ
˼ˣȻѾȥˣҲһȥɣЦӯӯ˳󶼲ɢСֶ˵ǳؽһ̨
ʱ̨ɼҵӶˡ
ɢСֶӣ
ǡӮˣ
һȥɢСֶû򣬾ֱӳΪ
һʱ䣬ȺŵĿͳͳǶȥǲڶޡ䡢Ҳ׷ɣһսаȺ
Ŷʮ̨֧ĲȺߵսҲ̿ʼ
ڣŵӵʲΪһ֧Ķ飬Ƚ뵽˵ҰС
ۿǽ̨ʶסؽ֣ؽ˿ҲһƬâ
˵ǻѡǸ̨
⻹˵϶ѡոǸûɢ޶鰡
ҲǵùƨɶûȾ͵õڹ̨
ҵδػѡ֧ɢ޶飬ǿǵһ֧սӣҵûһˣ
ָѡʵǿģ
ߵ䣬ǱڣŵӾͺѡһ̨
һ̨ϣһڿܱȼĲӣԭӴУΪǳܾͱżֲʣǳֱڣŵӻܡ
˿̿ڣŵѡǣȻî˾Ҫڣŵӽ֡
˭̨֪򡢻δü˵ʲôڣŵӵĽͺֱȡӵ
ֳһƬȻȲʦӦԳ֣ӵĻȻع˲ࡣ
ڣţ
̨ؾۣڣˢˢĿ˿ڣѹʦѹȥ
ڣŵԣȷʵǹ
ֻʼ̨̫ϷҶд뷨ֲأŻڿĶ֮𾪲ѡ
ڣţҪؾѰħߣɱ⣡
˻һȥ˼ɼҵĴȱ˼ħķ
Ŵᰡôħ
Ⱥʼҡӵڶʮ֧߶鶼ѡ˷ս̨־˿̴Ӯ̨ؾҲȥͷڵȺĶС
֧ͬû򣬾Ӯ̨ɢСֶӡ
ɢСֶӣ
Ǵ˿ǲǸÿֱӷ֮ÿ°
죬ݲȣ̨ϵڶǿĶ顣ֳһƬȻ˺ڵţš
룬ֻͷһٶǴĿġ
Ȼ־ڴˣŷĳУƲӦۿƽڶˣ֪ʲô󷨽ȥȵٿʱ򣬵ڶǿĶȻ֡
ҳŵӣҪؾߣɱ⣡
ѧŸոڣŵĵӺƵ˵һ䣬˲һȺĶ顣
վڵȺԽЩȺȴǳһЦ
һҧŽ̨֣
ã
Ʋ㱻ҧԼƤκδ˿Ѿ̨²ȥֻܺ޺޵ؿãο۽ôʣǵڶǿĶˡ
ǽǿԴڣŵĵӣôأ
ƿһ̨ڣŵӣ̫ϧˣȻŴᣬôߣڣŵӵݣ
ΪȨڶ࣬ܿ죬ȺͲʣʲôˡ
Ǹ̨˽÷ԸµǸ̨ȫǽĶ˾֣һҲûдŵƣ͵ĺܡ
ֵǶˣԭһֱûбɢСֶӻ˼ؾôԱͼ֮ǰԼȨ̨
ɢСֶӣ
ϢˣˣˣЦг˽
ɢСֶӣ
ôˣģء
սõķȫҲԼĿ˼Ͷ˵һ̨ڣŵĵӡ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ڣҲˢˢͷ˽üĶ顣
ؾ˿˵Ŀ⣬Цж˴˸к
ڣüûὪãתͷ
ȴźۼߵǳڸոգǳرҪ浽ؾ棬û֣治ס
ûһȦȥǣʣµʮ֧飬ô֧һĳ֣
СʦãСʦã
㣡
Сʦð
أǳɰСʦã

Ī˼ֲõԤУŻʤʯ·ؾĴѾ򿪡
ؽ֪ʱߣס֡
£ؽο˽һ䣬
Ҳ£ȴֵؽһ䣬ؽ˵ʲôǿؾС
һصХؾϷħӰ֣ƺѾѹ̫ã˿̺òܹܵһЩʵϢ궯
һŨصȳζ˲ؾ֮⣬̲סŻ


58 
ؾ˷׷͸ؾ, ʱۣȻؾܹѹסħؾ򵥡
, , ˼壬ÿһڶжӦصޣֻдӮһ, ˳еһ㡣
ʱӮ޽Ĳ, £ؾҲʺҪԼΪʿ롣
չ, ֻʮʱȥħڵһؾ, Ҳз, ԸЩʿħ
ǰȲ˵ԽԽѽ, Ҫʮҵȥħһؾ·ҿͦѵģ
Ȼ, Χȥ, ԭѹؾϷħȻ˻
ɽӡƵԼϵȥ޴ĺɫһѹؾɼҵͷ, ʱ, ɼҲŷ, ѹ, ûħ, ָԼ
һϵľ, ħһƬŻȳζ, Ѹٲؾڡ
ãֵһվ, ŵһۣ˾ƴҪǿдؾͼؾ򿪺ȳؾ̨ӣͳ׷ؾ
˭֪ɻľ޴һؾ֮ţӲˡ
ؾ֮űֽţʱһ־ľ
ܹɼƤӵ¶ؾ֮Ŷֽţ໥ԿһۡĪǣŴᣬħļһˣ
ֵڽߵؽΪһڵɣΪɽ粻ܵսϴسĵһ¾ǻģųħ߻һεؾ
ؽıʲôأ
ؾⷢ飬һҲûӰ쵽ؾڡ
˿̣һ֪Ľޡ䡢ǵĶϵһ
һˣƺƵȫ˽õԤڡ
̨ԡޡǳĶѣ˻ӵ飬һ̨ľŸϯλ
ϽһС飬̨İڽɽȺ˵ˡ
⣬ԼţżʮŵˣЩࡣ
øл䣬ģΪ˵Ⱥˣɵ˲˼Բ֪ʱյ˽õߣʯҵϡ
̨ҪĻǵһϯλǧϯλϯλҲϯλټԼһʯȿȿȣСʦãһڵʯʦѾˣġ
ԳŴȥû˵ֱʣµʯŵ˽õϡ
Ҫģ䴹üȥ壬һһ䣬濴ע⵽
ÿ˿ֿ˿ǧĵӣ˲׹˽úŻõʯŵʯȻǽʲôõֵġ
ݶ飬Ҽˣûãֻô˵һ䣬ȴ䲻˼
˰ΣŸ߽ãⲻʲôþʦľ֮Ĳʲô÷ļס
㶣һļ򣬸䣬ԺǾǸǣ
ȻǸǣǶ£Ҳ̫ˣ
ƺЩ콪õľٶԼô࣬ļοĪбȵܿ׹õĺģǳЦҲӦ˽һ䣺ţǣ
⻰˵̱꣬һڲĵĵӼһȥ
СʦãҲҰʵҲ˲ţϧû
ŶСʦĺÿɰ
㲻ôȵСʦãȻûǧţ
ãôԼȺСΧһĴ
أȻɭдһ˵ע⣬̧ͷȥǰһû󣬱ʾһȺ޳ˡ
Ȼǲ׼Ҫܣúԣһƽ
ȻǾСʦÿͷҪҪܣ
һ˲䣬ޣΪСʦãֻȥշħҲ˰
ˣֳ뷨ĲֻԣΪýöעԼһ㣬ʮӲǽѵһһǰ
ܿ죬ǶŵģһȺޡ
˵ôޣ߶ȿ㣬
Ȼƫƫ˽ǡ
ϰСʦãΪСʦãʮ˺ƺƵͳȥˣǼƣײжȣ治֪˭ޡ
վԭأһȺСǻһȵ޶ʰˣһѪնˣȺ˲ŷŽó
оͺܳ
ߵԱߣָոܹˣÿ˶ˣصһڱĵȡ
㡭ǡǣô᣿һڡǧšźɢСӣһ𣿣
϶˲ŻῴôгĻ档
˭֪ؾĶǶţ޲öռ˲źãȲ˵ǵһڣǧźͷţôôгߵһ
Īǣ໥ĹУȺѲŻһģ
뵽԰óԼĵƣŹŵ磬նлųȣǰȺǱһƬݻڵϱעλãȥ߾ͺã
һ˳ڱҽˣóԼĵơҲΪ˸ŷ㣬һãλñ˭ȵõݣƾűˡ
ȻȺȴ˭ûֽӹơ
粻Щ죬ߵקקݻҪô
Ҫ˵ǰһҪӹĵƣ˭֪ȴһЩĿãֿ˵һڵĵӡ
һڡҪô͸ɢ޶ˣ
˭֪һٶǵһڣǧӵ񶼱׺·ƣǶһ㡣
类һٴΰĿͶá
šֻһСѾͷôᡣ
Ƶ׸ڣĺľǰݺݵضһ䣬
ֹ磬ŹŵҲľԼĵƣȻȴֻùƽϣʾơ
߰߰ɣҪȥˣռˣͲɲҪˣЦУΧŵһܿСʦòݵɰģ׷ڵҪӵ뿪
߰ɣȰ˾ˣǻϣǳ˵ţȥԼŵߣ
Ȼӣǳȥʱɪһ£ǻżֿ־ִż
ȸ˶ѣ˶ʱ䣬һȥһЩݲʶҪأøЦȥǳߣ
ֻʶݵĻҲ԰Ҫ˵ʲôһʱˣҲʱ򣬸ʦɫʾǲҪ˵ԲԣûвĴ㡣
ǳ㶣̬ȼԼ뿪ľģӦһ
ˣȻעɷǳϣһûһ죬
ؾоŻ򿪣ʱˣ׼ô죿
綥Χ˼Ŀ⣬ЩͷƤĸ߽ãûĻһӦм㡣
ԭǻҪȥһؾˣؾ޸ոֱ˲࣬ŵؾ¿⡣
Ȼû⣬ǾͰһ£ʯҾͲȥݻˡһȥݻֵǮݶߣȥؾ⣬ٽҿɺã
ɴԼ۾ŽþȻ˵ֻѵǧԸóƬݻ
ɲǵһݰһƬһƬ
Ȼô˵꣬ûκ飬·áȺ˵ϴ󣬶Ⱥˣ˽Сࡣ
áԼ϶ˣ
ţ
ŶŶŶŶΣ˽õݹʯվȻĿ⿴ȴҲֱ˵ˡ
Ҫȥɱڣŵĵӣ
ǲҪħôˣҲҪ
л˵
磺OMGɽˣˣСѾͷűǿôһȺʿȻôţڳԣ


59 
㱻õĺ׳־Ż, ȻѸٿܣԭͬˣ˭֪ߵŵ, ˵һһ˼
治Сʦã
뷨
ޣô˧Сʦ, ҽΪʲôǵһڵģ
ۣСʦúðˣ
磺
Ѿݲô
ڳΨһһ, Ҳֻĵӡ
һ֮, һ߹ʽã㣬ΪҪȥɱڣŵĵӣ
ʵʦȻ, ؾҪĻ, , Ȼ˾٣Ƿǳף
Ӵ˻ų, һǧһ̾Ҫ潪óͷȥǱСʦô, 浱Ƕ, ָĵô
ǿ˳ȻñǸҰĻ˻ȥ
һʱ, һڡǧǺŵĵӶⰵĵ, ð˰֡
桭鴫ˢˢһ, ϴ˼, ǿһŮ, оֵ, ûֵĴڡ
, ڣŵӡħ, ǵһڵԣҲܱ֤ͿԺ˵ȫ˰ɣ
һȦ©ҲˣãôҶģ
ǳҪߣ
ӣ
ҵѣΣ۷ʲôҶ
ǳ
ŵüͷ⻰ﻰġָԶǳ
㶮ʲôˣȻҲʦ˼ǻһ
Ӱѻ˵꣬һ䣺ûо򣬾ͲҪǿбԼˣڣŵӶϣģ
ӣ㵽úܣ
ǳǰһס˽õ󣬾ʻ˼ԼûвĲȻ֪ΪʲôҪȥ
ǳļһȻؿȴ˵Ƶģڵ㣬һɣ
ǳ
αװȻȫˣ֮ȫȫͣ
ܡֱĵףȴأϡ
ǳĬüĿѾﵽһ׼ǼһǰС
ȻһƬڰɱڵȺƺ߱ӿлЮݵѪζ
ޣ
޵֣ÿǣ־Եı鶼쳣
һֻǡһȺ
ʮΪʲôȺӵĳ֣
ʮޣϹ֮£ؾٲȻѾǶĴڣڡȻһȺ
ʦ֣ô찡ǻģ𣿡ԭƵĵһڵӶ̲ססԵ䣬ȺޣֻһͷɵӣôһȺʮޣҲܲ˰
ˣޣСʦȥ棬ܵԶǧһžƺʦȳ˽ֱһȺޣ·һλմѪɱ֪Ҳ޷ٴαսսʿ
ǣ
ûпˣ˵öԣǾܣǼȻǵʦ֣͵óʦֵҲ˽
Դ˻䣬һڡǧšǺŵĵӶʼ˽׼Ӧս
Ȼǧһ֮ʣúȻסԵ䣺ᣬô
ǻᣬһȺʮ׵ޣҲȫڱεǵϢ
ԣȴ·ûԵĽһ㣬ֻĿִŵĿ
Կ˿ֿ˿ƽǰľޣǻȥȻûӭС
һƣСʦñȻ
󣡡ȻٴδߴһƺЩΣվסִŵĿ⣬һ߽һʾԼͬŵĵӣһǵþܻסò
ɣúȻǳ鿨һ㣬ӴŵĴһҪǮһ㣬̵Խɵϣ˶ȦС
ҡոȥþãķһ
ɫƷʵ
һ
ʮڵʯͻȥ˰ɣ
һ̣һǧŵĵӺȻܵһֱܵʹⶼǮ׻Ǯô۾գһµľͻȥأ
ʹϢģֻҡҡͷٴκ˽һڣ
϶ǸŵڣָŰ괩ģȻô߼۵Ķô۾գһ¾ͻˣ
㡭㣬㣬ȣöŶԴյߣðˣűôһ仰
˵ˣոյЩ֮һƴ˺üܳĴСʦ⻨ҡ
ã޲Ϣһ˾ǳҲüͷ翴ȥλ˵ͬŵӡ
ô죿ĵӿ˽ã
޲Ϣ󶥲˶þͻᱻƣʱȲ˵ʮʯ£ֻ֮˲
ֻ֮ӣϾѾûʱˣ
ĬĬվ·һֱӳֽ˶⣬
ҴߣȻǳ·¶˾ģһץŹŵĵӾҪ뿪
ģڣȻڣ
Ҫ֣ȴһץסǳ֣ǣȻѾ޲ˡ
ҵһӭսţСʦãһۿҪһ̤⣬͸ܵһҵѹԽ϶
ڽãڽϵĴ䡣
ǿҵѹֱľޣΪϵ͵ǳǶ̲סóסѹ
Ȼñѹôȴ·һ㶼ûбӰ쵽һ㡣
һ̣ԻΪѾշħϾؾһȺʮ֮ϵģΨħѡ
뿪ˣ󿪣ƿˢˢĿãȴĽ͡
ҲûкŪȥĴ㣬һ´䣺ɣ
ؽ
㣬ȻҲ鷳
ؽ
̾˿ؽԴû취ԭصģ٣ҲҪҵħΪֹ
ȴû뵽ؾȻһȺޣ׷޵Ϣܲ鵽ڣŵӵϢ
ʮޣڣţħ񣬲Ѿ˼ôһ֡
ڡĿɿڴģҪԼӸһ㡣
ս񣿡
һɡ
ؽԹЩǾ㵵ͻǲ쵽񣬾ᶨĿãڵһ仰ȴըװ쳹ÿ˵顣
ˣ
ؽЦӯӯضŽúһ䣺ҳʲôҪ·Ը𣿡
ã
ԣ
ޣ
ţòǵһλָɣڵöˣţ
ֱӸһָؽɲҪЦԭҪҵͷؾҵĸͲҪ˱˻˰ɣ
ǸǸؽǵǸĺܿ죬ȴ˿⣬һڸɴͰìͷָΧڽߵһȺˣֻǣҪʵ̫࣬ٲһԼ̬ȣ磬ᱻ˵İɣ
ã
ģ˭Ҳ㣡ûĻһ䣬
Ǻˣؽ΢΢˼룬ٴοʱ۵ȴһƬ͸ŵĹ¼š
мֲ죬Ȼܿ¶
ԣ
ޣ
ǰǻûծô
žְ˽һƣҪ˵ؽҲҪҿЦ
ؽüˣҲټȥֻ΢΢ͷ̯ƣʾԼֻҪԾһգôҲҪôŶѣ

ֻ˭Ű
ԿؿؽֻһͷˣԺ϶Сʦŵһˣʦ𲻽£ء
ڶǿԵģ
һؽ뽪ãȴԾͬ˵ؽ˹ա
ǰծ룬˿ҲԼ뷨
Խ˼֣ЩǵĿá
ǰ飬ִؽʶڵĽãֻǽö
л˵
QAQľԵСɰˣQAQ~
һС糡
ãɣƤ
˵ˣ
ãɣС
ͲܷŹô
ãɣǸ˭
ؽ
ʵһ£Ҿͻˣˣ
ã죩~


60 
, ֻˣԼĿ·ŵؽϣô˵ǿɽս񰡣
Ӧòڡ۸ðɣ
ħԶ߶, һ쫷һХĴÿ˵ķ˿, ѹ˲
ڣŵˣӦѾߵǰȥˣĵıɫһ, ۾ȴʱʱؽ
һؾ֮, ؽδǰ֪κŵӣҲؾڣڴʲô⣿
ôľ, ǲѰŵӣô, Աߺǿ϶ֲһ䡣
ǧǸžƺʦֺȻƶĽԵĻħ壡
ؽ, ӦҲǶˡħ壡
˻һ, ؾڵ˾ˣ˿ؾ, ͨؾɼҵӶˡ
ʲô˼
ؽħŴ, 뵽ؾ
ˣؾڵħҲؽҪǱõģ
ѵؽ, ħˣ
뷨Կһͷ, Ͳϵɼҵпֻŵ, Խؽ, ԽϵϢԾ
ؽĶħ, ǺǼҪһ, Ϳ̿µߵ񲻵ðϢ
οħİ, ħսһ, Ŵǣмܡ
ǡؽˣ
ǧǰؽɾȻħɷ裬ߡʩ֣ؽطһڣϴڣ
ֵɣ
ȷӡؾڣʦվ˳
ɣŵӶؾڣܷ⣿ǵĿ䣬
һǺŽؾĵӣǶǾѡĴӣǾؾУǺƱػԪˡ
ּ޲ô˿ԼؾУǡ
񣿡ʦǧŵӽֵҪӡסħڵؾߵز١
ȻϿ󣬽׳Ӱһ̬ˣ߸߶ˮӰ棬ӳŮ˵Ŀ£
ǱԨأ£Ϊλ
ɼ˵ȻȻȴ۾˼ĨһԼĺӡ
ؽҪȡħֱԷԹؽؽأƵرʾΪ˷ֹؾħ˼޹еŮ档
һѹħʱڵԻᱻŮ£ŮΪѹסħ
ֻǡߵһ
ؽֻһҪӣ㽪ãߵ
ѡܣ
ǰеȨϣô
һжʧ󣬹һУе飬ᱻĨȥ
ؽЦˣԭļÿһЦضЩʧɫӶһ˲Ļ
ڣؽĻش쳣ɴ࣬
ǧǰͻڹˣ
ѹеֻ꣬վʾȻŮˣؾ﷢־磬һͬ
ŮĶӵ˵ͷֽ̧ıȦŴķΧ
ɼ䲻Ϊδ˿̻ҪվؽһߣվֻðеĲ͸ؾڡ
ؾڣǧŴžƺĴʦֽҴؽĿ֮һʱţһƱĬĲ֪νӻ
ֱվؽԱߣסؽ䣬ᶨرʾԼµġ
ȫˣĪ˿
ؽĶħˡֲֻֿܶܿԼƭƭԼأ
ò˵һ仰˼á
ؽǳЦһЦؾһȫʢһ㡣
ÿؽЦʶԼ·̲סüͷ鲻ԸؽʵҲֻܽͣҪ˵仰𣿡
ؽЦŵͷǣҺϲ
ã
˰ߵĺɶȥ
̫ľУ
ؽ֣һѪɫѹ˵ϣŽ̧۾ͿǳĬ뿪ˡ
վҪȥ׷ڣŵĵӣ
ЩΣߵؽ˼ֲײܲ£
磿
翴ǳʲôΪʲôܶ˰
󣡡Բ᲻صĿ˿ڣЩȥ
ؽ鵭˼֣ϲֻ֣ڴ˽ҪͷԼѪдµ󷨣һƳҲˣ㣬𣿡
ǲܿƵĶ˼£ؽǰԹôԽԽԼúŮ
Ǿ䣬𣿼ֱǰѡ̫ίĸдԼȥˣ
۲Ĳı۾ֻؽڸô죬ⲻ᲻õ⣬ǡ
ǣؽ˼ؿã
йѵ⣡쳣ᶨ̾ʹؽһЦģһƬë䵽һ㡣
ðɣóϣؽֵóˣ
һʱ䣬ǾؾɣؽֳཪõͷЩϰߵҪͷ뿪
Ȼһ룬øʲôؽͣԼķɶˡ
ԣõǳ
ÿؽãѹԼҪͷ۾Ų
ؽƺ⣬ֻһܿ죬ͲӰ
ǽȥʲôؽߺĬĬյ
£˳ؽ˼ͬʱҲָؾˣؾֵǮıǵȻȫߣ
Ļԣ޵һﵽõͷ£ʼǵѰ
ȻؿŽұǾȻܰѸոյΣն֮Ժ
ǡѵӦȥѰ³ؾô
վоԼЦˣȺ˸롣
俴һۣƺûؾı仯̲ס̾˿ְԼĿ·Żصõϡ
̫侲ˣǸոգؽǳܱΪ̶ȵĿ
ܶʱ䶼ýﻹзǳͲ֪ĵƣֻǸСӡ
ڣôõİɣĪǡõǵһڵʲôת
дܣϺ֪꣬Ҫʲô𣿡Цſ磬
ʲô
еĻҪȥη
Ȼؽֱؾ䣬Ǿ˵ȥľ棬ؽıǡ
Ϊβǳؾǲͣǲܡ
ؾħĳӦö˲Сı仯
ҲֻȥĴдܻ᲻Შʱܶؾ̵Ͷؾ̵㡣
ǮʯණôӶأ
ݣȥһ㣬ǣǵðǴһݱɶӴ
˵꣬þʹ˺ƺƵ뿪ˣڵŹŵһ㵡
ǡ𣿡
ǧšһڡǻҪŬŬܸǰ
ǰкŵĵӣоҲǣ򾲶ˣ
ŹŵӰǸп̾ϢŵøʯӣԽ˼ֺġ
Ƽҹͣ˴²ģСӣ
ݿ϶ƭ˵ģ
룬ȵǻһΣһҪúõ뽪˵һ⻰ͬʶʶ
ȥһؾǰӱʱʧȥ˶
ŵĿ˷ǵĽһڡǧšŵĵӡ
㣬ǣ
ǳΪʲôߣִĺâηոͬǸʱȣֱˣ
ֹڣûκεԤףӵǷʤ
ʦ˼Ϊ˱ҲŽؾΪˡǳֲŽؾòŲæӣ
ĵ·ȷǻǳ͵ºɱǣ
˵ʲôǳٲãҲĵӣ
ΪʲôҪȥ׷ڣŵĵӣΪʲôҪȥ׷ħ壿
˵
ˣ³ࣺΪһʧȥļɣ
˵öԣ֮ԽؾֻΪ˱㣬Ϊˡ
ã
䣿
ܾãĿʲô΢΢롰䡱ͬһ¡


61 
Ǻܾ֮ǰ, ˽µˣĿǰڻʣµģҲᳬˡʦ̾˿,
ǳʱ, СΪħħٽ, Ƕħļ, Ĩȥˣ
ֻû뵽һħһ, ˶
ۿʦƺ׼һкг, мӻֵ̿ҡͷҪֹʦ, ʦȴ۾ǼĳŽõȻѾ׼ǳ, Ǿ㣬ɣ
ʦֱ˵, ߳þ, ӡһǳɫ·
޼״ǰһס˼ֹȥĽã
˵궼κ˷ĻᣬһѾסʦֵ, ǳɫ·Ҳ̾, ̲סЩͷʹѵĶ
ǻ, һֻԱŵʹãߵļ, мֲ׼᣺ǧŵСӶ㻹ͦĵ
ǿһ·ȥǧѡΣ, ֱɱ˵Ŀ, ĺĺ
öǵĶȤȫ, ֻǰԼעŵ, ոգûпĻƺҲֳֻҺɫ·
ҿ޵ӣʹࡣ
ޣ
ڣޱۺ£ƺҪֲסʱ򣬽ǰһס޵ļ򣬺Ǽеĺ޵֡
һ̣ʦֵҲ̶Ͽˣʦƺܵ˻ĴǱ˵һѪ˳
ޣҲǾþûл
ÿŻѪʦ֣̾˿վҪǹæ˭֪һ޾ͽס˽õ֡
õͷȥǿնȴִżֿĿ⣬һ̣ƴһ̼õ񾭣ý̲ססޡ
ûˡǺ庢һ޵ĺ󱳣ֻǻѣֻǻ䡭
ԿŽǶԴеģ¼ʵĲûð̡
֪ʲôãڲŻع޻ѽԼǱһֻըëèһ߰Žãһѹڽö߻Լոտһк̶
ħѺ󷨾أħȻŴҲʼ޷ҵħڡ
ƫǳΪȥ˽һˣһ޴ĴƼܿ죬й¶ݵǳħ嶢ˡ
һħ岢ûвôϮŰɱвֶΣһ˼СŮϣ׽ǳջǳǳæ
ħɹˣСŮǳħӦϴͨĴţһ죬Ϊ˵ħ˷ܵĲͳµķӡ
׼ԼΪγѪѹħ˴󲿷ֵħ塣
ǳʦ֣ôģСŮǳǰǸСŮЦǳ˵ⱲˣתˣҲ˵جΡ
ʵֵѩĨȥǳļ䣬ҲǷֹǳĶħ
ϾΣԳܵĸ֮һ˵ⱻƭ޾ŭؾ
ָ飬Գ׻һˣ
˵ãȴޱĽúȻǳĹһ£ǣƭô
ģûкõĻر
ŬˣҲһջһõĽ
ͰˣƫƫȺ˺ĵ˻Ҫ߸ϵĳȺĵˡ
ôôɵ
ȻİҴ˼ң
ĸоᴵ˴ԼǱ°һ
ħħ尡ƭƭô׾Ͱݵ֮£÷ģ
վƵԼϵĻҳ֧ǳûԼļ䣡
ħģʦŵĿã
ħģĶħˣǾħӮˣǳ鷢ģ
ƭƭˣҪվǱΣҲҪᶨȥ
˵δɳıǶ죬Ϊ֧ɣ
ܹˣʹŻǵøΣߵøԶ
˵󣬻ͷԣܲϵؽҪ֪ǳľλá
ȻѣǳرҪʱȻҪߵġ
ԭڱ˵ԼҪȥǳ֮ȴ̲סۿ
øǲҲҪԼһſھһ䣺ؽɣҲҪİ
һֱϴء¼˼ꡭ
أŵҲʵ̫ˣ
ã
ޣ
䣺
ӣ
εԵļ򣺡ôҲ˰ɣοǵһڵսû㣬ڵģ
Ҳ㺰󼰵ĸ·ɣʲôأЩˣǰСһô
Ļϸ룬Ҳǣؽսأ
ϴأҲҲ֪ĸ·ɼұأ
ֻǣżȻ·ϴʱؽĬŵı飬Ǹô˵أ¼Ǹµĺͯһ㡣
Ӧ˰ɣ
ٴε˵ͷʾ˵öԣˡ
Σؽ𣿡ô˵ĶԻ÷Ҫؽȴؾңֻģһؽڵؾ
ת뿪ؾʱ򣬺Ȼ뵽ؽƺָǳҲ֪ǳĹȥǲҲһǳֱȥЩ䡣
ֵ𣬽û֮ǰ˵ǳȥʱֵԥִżֵ
˵ֵҲһʼ֪ħĻǻǳȥӴħ壬ǷҲҪһؼ䡣
ôҪ飬ôѵĨļȴĬǳȥѰǷݼ䣬֪ǳȥʦֶһؾ
ֵ𡭡ѵ˭ҹ̸ô
ôһϸϸ˼ֻؽƺûϵĵطѾ˷ǳ顣
֪飬Ҷ㡣
ûи㣬Ϊʱ仹
Īأ뵽˽ؾǰؽԼ˵Ļ
ԣؽҪȥֱʲôأ
ãȴҡͷһЦˡ
ǣһСľͻᱻؽԼ˼
ǸһǴʲôʱʼԽԽĽ뵽ԺУȻ󡭡Ҳ޷ӣ
Сģ
Ȼһһִ䵽˽õϡ
Χĵطȫȼܴ𣬲һͽһƬɫֲȫճ˻ҽ
ǰ洫Ϣԣ
ڣŵħ壿
ԣޡ䣬һһǰĵ˽õǰ棬ٲȻԼСʦһı
֡Ϣʧˣ
ħӦð
Ѳħﱻųˣ
Ȼǰ̶ߴһļУޱȵ̶˶̲סһ
ȵȣˣͬʦôǰһ˼ǰȥ鿴ŵӣ
Ҳ˳ƿ˹ȥȻһƬҽ֮У죬ĿƵؿ


62 
а
Լ嵽ŵϵĽ, 󽫽׼˽á
Цаնɱȴԭɢɢаŵ, ȻԼͬǰ, Լסͷߣ˱
Ҳһ˲䣬һڵĴʦҲǰһԼ, ԼĽ, ֱָ죬һҶҼСʦãҾͻֱӶİ
һڣǧţţ
ԶԶغ, ˿ǳŵаѵӦðаͻͬΪŵʦʦ
Сʦãƻеǰȥ, Ѿýס
Ͳǳŵˡ޺ǲмĿ,
ǰԸ, ǧΣ޵ʦֳûȥߣͰ͵ĶŽʾ, ŽÿڴӦ,
һڵĵȴԸ, ɴѽֱָ޵ʦ֣ҵһڵСʦãʦԿϵ, Ҫ, Ȱʦ˵
ӽԭҲܿаʦð
ҿֵҲܿŵ䲻֪ΪҲǰ˾仰, ż˲, õһ䣺ϲ, ֻȥСŵĻ, ʱӭĵ
ιιι, ͹˰
ǰģ
һȺ˲䳳վһߣӵĺֻսеһƬҳ
ضȺбĽãεЦȥÿһ˵ļ򣬴ĺŮ·һ㡣
ֶĵı飬̾˵аһαʱĹ⾰
Ǹʱ򣬲ֻʦѣһķ춼ѵ¶һ˿Ц⣬˵˸Сʦã
ǣаСʦõĻʲôأ
һ̣ٴθܵ˱ʹࡣ
ϰ˽µ֡ˣƱаԻһ㣬õġ
ۡԼȴ⡣
Ůõõĳ谮
аôأ
ҲǶϲаôһҪаĶ
ħ壡ָ˽ã
ΪǻŵǸʲô⣿аݣħ尡
ñµħ壬ƾʲôվһȺŵӵм䣿
͸ñڽ£ó
ŶħϢȻ֪˭һ仰ҪݽõĿûдɣԼȺŵӶˡ
ˢˢٴаĳ˽ֱֱĶһ̣·ֻȺ֮
ʲôûʶԼı鶼Ѿױһħŵһ㡣
аħ尡ΪʲôҪȥһƲһû˵꣬ͼǰѾ˴
˵ʱ䣬ֱӾͽѹڵء
ŵ̧ͷȥȺУаһ̣ȴǱ˳õĳĬǾӸµ̬ǲмһ˵񡭡
˻ţȫȻԼˣȥ
˵ˣԶò⡣
㱻ĸף㻹ٱһô
뿪˳ţȥأ
кЮܣĶħˣ
б۴һ۽ڵλãԥֱӽһף̾Ҫ𱣻Ѫ
˲䣬ƾǱжֱӴµıȦ˺ѵ˳ȥ
аҺü㰡ĺü㰡ò״߶죬Ȼתͷô˹ˣǺ꾫ת𣿡Ƶס˽õĲӣý̾Ϣ
һ룬Ŀһƾ쳣Ǳı˵¡
Ľմͬ첲Ҳ˲̶ͬȵˡǵ⣬·Լһ㣬˳ðĵطȥҪɾ
˵ʹֻһϵڵϴһߴУһŴѪĿߺ޵صа
ó˻ʱЩܣʱˣŵ´ȴڲƣո˵üԼĻҡҡͷ
ôȱ
ȱϧԻһ˵ΪĿĿģ
㶮ʲô
ŵҲֻỤ㣡
֪֪㣬ǵұӵף
û㣬ʦֻңҲʦССʦãӦñǸ
һʦҲãʦҲã۶ֻ㣡
˵أʦҲͰˣʦֻңֻңֻһСŮκԿ㶮𣿡
ҵĸװ
ʱڣҺòȥߡôôȰĶųŮ֮ЦأôƫĵİѰָأ
һҾʲôʧȥˡ
аҺ㣬ȥͺˣ˾ͺ˰
ԽԽѹƲסðĺ
Լ״ǰһҪôڣҲǰҪƴ롣
һ룬ֻûƣƾͲܲ˵ģϵĶħɽһ̴˷š
ɴԼ۾ŵĿƣ
ʦ֣ôңҲֻΪаݺܺ治𣿡
㰡ȡ׵λãΪŵţΪҲ֪𣿡
ȥ
ƵĺȻһ˶Ŀɿڴ˽һ䣺ʦòþȣ
ã仰ڸЦ
ۿѾȫưԵ̻Žñߴˡǰһת̵ݵһһƣת̣ȥؽ
ֻؽµĽ޷ȫסȫˡ
תܰ˳ϵĽ䣬Ѱؽɡ
ȻѾħؾлħӣֻؽǺȫˡ
ߣƵԽԽǿǱ߶Ѫ
״̵ִڽõϣκεĳɣ䣡
һ䣬ֱӴڲµ󷨣ǣˡ˿̣Ҳ˲ˡ
ۿйתзԭѾǷ̼ӴԼ񲻿ɵ˺
һںڽý±ѿҲܿƵĻơ
ңһɣ
·׹һѹȸУ͵رۣٴ۵ʱֻԼǰһңԶĹΧȫ˺ڰ
ԶԶվߣЦſĹȥжôĲҿ𣿡
ƵĻ£Щ棬ǹһǰ
߰ɣҪˣаҴȥҴȥѾزȥˡ
һʹ˽õĴԣ̲סЩͷۻĶǰĻ潥ؽԺʵһ㣬ɽӿ
ڵħ磬Ѿȡɹǣаɵħ񹬣ǰһϮ²Ⱦؽ
߰ɣһμ棬Һ㣬ͻˡ
Ҳ鷢ġ
ؽϵʹֻڡ־ޱȵ
Ѿٻȥˣ֪ɹǱȥʹôÿһÿһ룬ִʹ裬޲̾ȥ
ȴšܵĻš
ңҲûˣؽɡ߰ɣ
ɹһûأٶȵң𣿡

аûлشֻյĻ泹ˣƬУÿһǵĺɫһʸаϡ
֪а˵ʲôѪа۽£û޷ѵľ̼̫֮ľնȴǿĽöЩĲ̡
ܿ죬аתıסźɫ壬ȴǿնľ³֣ӡ
ѪΪġΪգһҹħһɱ绹ҪʥĹ⡣
վڱ˰ߵؽȴǳ׷˷衣һλޱȲȴޱǵȥؽߣסؽΪʹڵص
ʦһֱΪ֮£ħϾν֮Դ󰮶ˣν֮
򣬻䳣̬
Ҳиʱħ壬Ҳг֮ģΪ֮ȴݲһأ
ʦɽ磬Ӵδãﾹ˰࣡
ȥɣ

а֪
㹴ؽɣؽħʦͽѺؽòϴء
ˣ㰮ˣԲա
ĹȥôĹȥ
Ʋ֪ʱ˽õߣǶħջڽöߵòŽãҪһ˿ı顣
ƲţؽɵݡɫأһĶİɣֻҪܵһ˿ʹԼµ󷨣ֱӹġ
òһ֮
ȴһ䣺㿴𣿡׾͹ˣ
л˵
ãֲ㣡ҲȱȱǮǮ㶮𣿣
ƣK.O.


63 
⧲, 󷨺˲ѿĲ㣬ÿһ鶼ƵѪһڽõǰ˺
óԽЩƬ, Χ, ԶѪƣͬлһڵ, ŵţôأ
ôܲģ
ؽ, ǡһɰ
аӣʦţؽ, , ðؽİ
ΪʲôڸոյǸ, ôν˵Ǿ䣺㿴
ԣʲôԣƸоԼڵħϽʺţʹͷĿѣ, ɵҲϲĿڵϢ
֣ԼôںĶ, аǰ, ͱһĲֵ
аѣʵľ, ûʲôԲؽġ
, Ҳû̾ͶؽĵıҪ
һ, ôĶ, , ĺҪ, ööİ, ʦֵҲ, ʦҲãǲֶλõģҲõаð
ڿõˣаƣ
ιȥǺϲʦֵ𣿡
ιششѽ
УҸףȥ˵ʲô㶼⡣
Ϊʲô˰
ΪʲôܱҸӵȥӵаӵ
ԷˣҲôѵ뿪
ƴſԼͣҪԼŭǱȻʲôûУԼһ̣ѾȫȻʧ
ǰĽöģ
ʧǵ֣ҪץסһЩʲôץסһЩԼΪǳҪĶƤһʲôûУĵ˵ϡ
վڲԶǱԼ̲סҡҡͷһп
ǵģôãûϵƴһʼ֪Լ˰ɣ
аǺ޹Ҫ뵽˵սȥ
ܶ¶ԼĲԾĥа
аѰһ˿ůƾҪһ˿ů֤ԼаǿаǸˡ
ģĬĬŵµ³仰뻹һ䣺ɺޡ
ֻϧҲаڲ
תҪߣȴûؽײ˸棬ýþ㵵ǣǸԭòʳ˼̻ؽ˿ȴУ
öΪʲôޣǰһҪȥοʱӰȻɢˡ
ķĽֱؽķ׹ʱҲĿù־ô̰ɢԼǰ
ؽΪʲôޣ
׿˶١
ԽԽЩƤ񣬵ԼʲôУô˵һڴʦԡ
ܿ죬һȺ˺ƺƵڽõǰСһ㣬֪קһ𲼣ֱӽ˽ȥֻ¶ͷ
űһһٶȳؾűȥ
ɣҪˣ
ǿߣ
ߴŽߣ߽͡
һһ׷ߣͷ󺹣ɫ԰ס
Ǹ߽ãǸոת̵ʱϵħֱ˺һµı硣
ؽķʱϵǣֻŴͼƣǻᱻǿħɷ˵˺롣
ת̵һߣ
ǳѾ׷ڣŵӣӣȻħ
뵽ؾΪģǳħȥҪħ޽Լ
ֵǣħƺԸⱻ޽ᣬԴؾħӲԼѪ˺˷ӡʱԼؾС
ؽ˵ǳʲô棬ȻǳѡֱԼĹȥӵħ帴Ȩ
ڣŵӵĶħͨĶħħΪ֮һؾֻؾ
Ҫؾűߴţһؾ飬Һǻἰʱڲؽɵǿдؾ
ֱǴֱ˵㣬Ϊ˻ҲǲѶΪ֮
Լ˵ſϧȴԾԾԵı飬ֻĻ˸Ŷ
Сʦñٰؾĺöȳȥˣʦٲѽ
Ҫʲô˵ãһʲôõģǧŶŶСʦã
ȥȥȥҵһڵСʦãǧŴʲôȤ
ʱˣǻź庢ӵ彪ãΪؾѰġ
ĬĬԼͷбֺСж
ǹԹڽģʶ־Ҫһ޺ûĴˡ
һǿڰһȺΧСʦá
ǵģ
¡һ죬볯ؾȥ̨һѸټһǿ
ôԶǿѹ˶ӹһ硣
̨ģؽĬڣűħɵʬ壬֪ǵʲô㣬أħźӰԳΡ
þòؽƽسħк
ħʶԼ¶ʶҪ뿪Ȼû䵽ܣʵʵ
ǺǺǺǡħȻЦǺӰзĴ̶ЦЩ
ؽȴϸ۾Խ˼֣
ؽɣ
ǧǰһսʹ죡ʹ찡
ǧءȵˣȻ𣿡
ǳЩɻؿؽħλʲô˼ؽȴһǳƳ˵һ磬ǳͿħ֪ովŵλãǣ㱻͵Ϯɹ
ؽ֪ģŬǧֻ꣬ΣҲȲ
ôôأǶңɽħ绹ֿɵãʱôôαôأ
ϴǴϵζܰɡ
ħ񲻻Ųæתؽ˵Ĺؽһ˿ŵԼϣؽѭѭգǧˣѾǧˣʦԹؽȲ
ȻȻˣҲֻٴγΪħƷվĲĽ֣
ħŪġаֻٴαƿУ
һ˲䣬ؽЩ㱣ΪԼٴμԼʦʩ
ħڱӡһգһֲ©ļʩɵĻؽ΢΢ȴԾ
ֻضٴΣϴϴٴΣһգԶجΡ
ƫƫħ񣬻޿ײõһУ
Ƕ˵ҾȲ
ؽֱħ񣬷һ˿ЦɸոϵģҲô
Ƕˣܾһǿ
ħŭˣؾǿѹһƬҺɫȻؽԼѹħ׻·磬ؾĽ綼ǿ֮£ҡҡ׹
ʦŵؿؾһźʲô
ħѾӡΪλؾ֮У
һƬ֮ԶŮƽ֣ڼӹ̽ͬʱҲȻؽôһ˵Եɡ
£ؽҪǿࡣ
ʲôࣿ
Ů΢΢ͷʾ˰ע·Żؾ֮С
ħŭ󣬷޿ֵƽɵȴ˵ؽдĿ־塣
ؽˣ
Ȼ㿴еɼҶСѾͷͿһħݱ
ΧߵȺ˻Ҷ𣿡
ǧǰΣǧΡ
һ£ҫ۵Ĺâֱʣؽǿ˲ٻħԼǰ


64 
ǧǰ, ħ۹˼ʱһɼŮ׹밮, һŮ
ǰŮɹħѪ֮, Ǵδ֮
ԼİŮػһ٣˽ٳħ, 鰮Ů󲻾ñ׸ħ, ҪΪԼĺɨһϰ
֪Ѷħ۹Ҳһʱϸħ磬ڲ֮½Ůи˵ʱʦ, һʩ
ħ۹뿪ǰ, ԼİŮ, Ϊа
ζţа, Ů֮
ȥ, Խ̫ƽ, ھһʩԼʦ١
˭֪գȴ, ħڹ
ʩȥ, ֲ֪ںʱ, аħӡ, ζ, պħһб䶯, Ůйء
Ϊסа, ʩаɽ, ´ؽСа˽ʦаȥаܺˮ̳֮ࡣ
аĲ֮š
ǰҹħǰһַʩսȴԷ͵ϮóɣֻܱչؽΪסаһ˱Ŷսħ壬ħڹս֮
Ȼħ籩ʮ꣬ħ岻Ϯɽ磬ħ۹ȴһߣ֪Եɡ
ֻƲ⣬Щħ壬ӦѾħĿƣڲϵѰʲô
ڣħսһؽڸǰȥַħǰϦаѪ䣬Ĩȥаļ䣬ȥаţ볤ʦЭ飬аȫһڱؽȫֳš
ȻؽɼҸħ磬ħ۹㱻һնħء
⣬ҲԻħء
һ̣ʩԤе²ãأȴԭնħصħ۹飬ųħкϮɽ֮⡣
ʩִħ磬ħ۹鵽ױһƷӡħɽ
ħһսԽɵħƫƫдţħ۹һŮɽ磬Ůħӯձؽħħ֮λ游
Ů
ʩؽ԰Ѱô˴Դͷȴ룬ʦħĨȥ䣬ΪȰŮƣֳаɹǡ
ûɹǵѹƣаҹҹħѪĥ޷ѣܿ죬ħָǰħ硣
ħս˰꣬Ϳ̿䣬Ϊʷݣɼ۵һڣָλɱа
һգվϴرߣ̻˫ŵؽڳرߵ£ʩһǺаԡ
ʦǵ޾崫ţͺˣ
ûִĨȥļ䣬һҲȫᷢ
ħ壿ţǣΪʲôȴҪһж
ʩؽԣܿؽʲֻؽѽؽаһ£ɼңҪһ
ʲô
ʩش𣬱ʱӵڶĴţ׷ҹȰ˵ؽҪΪ²룬ȼƭȡаΣִȡа
ˣ㲻ɽսʤ֮
ɣħȻħɡȻҲˣҶ
ؽձȥħ磬ʩԲؽѾˣؽִԲҲȡؽ
ħ磬ѱħѪĥİаɵħ񹬣ƵڲԶѪأ౻ĥһϢаǰһϮ²Ⱦؽ΢΢һЦ
ɱҵģ
ؼң
ȻһؼңΪʲôĽ
ƭӣǶƭӣǴһʼƭҡҵĸףԭħħҼ̳־Ҳûֲף
ؽĽ֪ʱմȾԼѪԼĵѪһһ˳Լͨ׽ڵ£ȴֻҪǰһаԼĻУٲֿ
ؽɣɱ
ؽսҪɱ
ؽתħ񹬾Ǳʩŵɼִ򴩣ؽʶ͵аǰ档
ؽҪħ
ؽʩʮĺһǿѹϮûѹؽߣͱаħѪֱӵ
ɼҽԴ󾪣ţΪ棬Ů
߰ɣһȥѾɽκˣа֪ʱޱؽߣ
֪ɹǱȥʹôÿһÿһ룬ʹ޷ϴˢ裬޲̾ȥ
ȴšܵĻš
аȻ֣ħѪڴѪ쳣еѪдЦָаؽɼʦƻ죬ɱħ
ħ
ʩҪа֣ؽһؽ˼ʩȥʩµ󷨱ƣɼҾ̾ʦͽĿŮ
ʩһؽĽ˫֮ʱɼҽ׷аȥ
ʦڣؽʩˣ
Сģʩȴֱ󣬽ؽС
ؽŵƫͷȥھ޴ȺħѪУյĻ泹а׷ȥɼʦƬУʩؽ뿴һǵĺɫһʸаϡ
Ƕ㡭
Ǽ㣬Ҫӡó
䣬ֻǿǷֶԴ
ɱǣȻǶԵģ
Ѫа۽£û޷ѵľ̼̫֮ľնؽһ˲䣬۾׽ļ䡣
аȡɹ̫֮ɼҵ˹ˡ
ദôõͬһʦʦãֻΪħʲôûз£ΪһĿ־壬Ǳ޲ɱ֮졣
ںϰɣֻҪ㣬ңΪһ壬磬㲻ٻκˣҶָֻţ
źɫǿӲѪаĻͷźɫ壬ȴסźɫĬĬ³֣ӡ
ѪΪġΪգһҹħ类ƬӡĹâı绹Ҫʥࡣ
˰ߣؽƬ׵ĹâֶƱһ㡣
к׷űŵӹƬâڵһ仰ǣ̫ˣŮѡޣȡɹǣ绹֪Ҫ޹֮˵
ڵصؽͷЩϲ֮ɫŵӣȻ٣
ʦɽ磬Ӵδãﾹ˰࣡
ȥһֱΪ֮£ħϾν֮Դ󰮶ˣν֮
˿е񣬽Կɱݡ
ħɣѪΪķӡħˣң
ؽ˵ţ˫ֺʮԼɢۿҪУǿоȻа
һֱһʩȴ̧֣䵽ؽ󴦣ֹؽ
ʦ
ڵ㡭Ȳ
ʩ̧ͷԶԶƲҰеģаĻǡ
һ䣬ǿ̹ǵĿ־ԱϿѪ⣬ˡҲǻסģ
ؽǿĴʩ֣
ʩȴοЦˡ
ħ׼е㣬ü䣬аֻٴαƿУ
ħ۹飬ҵʦ⣬һʼǾִħĵ
ǰҪסʲôʱʦȻаӮ
ʩؽļɷ˵׳ԼȫаĻǡ
еһ˵ĵУסΨмΪʦһݣϷУҲϷΪһ¡
סֻһλᣬа´ɽ硣
ǧǰħŮŮȴˣϧħ˫˫䡣
ɼûгΪ񣬷Ϊ˱ħ
ħٰ񣬿ȴɰˡ
ǧˣħ
ؽؾУħ̲סĽڣŵӵЦ
ΪܾȻˣֻҪħĿģȻǧʱתףаҲֻΪҵ
ǰһУҲҪ㣬ʼ


65 
ħ, ȻӦһ㣬ŵؽԣûаǧǰħս, Ǵҷӡһգ
ؽЦ, ƫͷħһ䣺ķӡҽģ
һΣҰƵ˵ǰ, Ϊ, 㻹ܲڰô
ؾ⣬ԭ˶ܿؾѾոħѹ飬Ů⻻Ǳ, ֻΪ֮ϵ߿ؾڵ, Ů㹻
Ȼ, ؽħӡһһΧǾĵһ, Ȳ˵ħħ࣬аһת, ؽ, ؽʦʩҲһˡ
ңǸˡ
, , ǧ, аʱ, ûصǧǰת, ⳤŵΪλڣ
ѵ,
ؽ, Ųǧ, ƭħ񣿣
ѹϴأ˴ģû䣬ֱɽ漣
룬ֺܿüͷҡҡʩټؽսҪһٽŴǧҲǲܵ顣
Ůػͷ˽һۣȴӣǲǵùţ
һãȻȻŮеĹָʲô
ŮĮתͷؾڣħѹؽһϮµ̣ȴ쳣ƽˮһУѾĬĬ˲ǧ顣
ǰʱ䣬ǧ꣬Ӧһֱڵһĵɣ
Ůͷǿգ뵽ħĹâ嶼âѣþòȴ
֮󣬵ʱȼһڵĹ䣬ŴӴҲһ겻񣬵ǧĽգţ·𳹵ױĨȥ˴ڵĺۼ
ԣؽǰԼ׵ʩͬʱԹô
塭ֻѾ·ײǧٿ˰ɡ
ŮѵüͷʶؾѰаӰܿ죬Ϳ˱Χ˵ЦĽá
ӳĻţŮ룬ؽӦֹ
Ҫװħ֮սʱԺеĿ־ĨȥؽǴһԽħ񼣡
սСģ
ؾڣǳһ˵עֻħͷųĺɫѾȫȻؽǿǳ㱻ؽ󷨸⣬ҲʴĻðѪʮη塣
ؽǼһڸʲôӼ״ֱôӵۣ޲ǿдؾĴţȥؽһ֮
룬ؽǿһ˻ؾħ񣬵׻ġ
˭֪ûǳĻ£ǿĺɫͱؽɱֱӴ󳹵黯Ϊ̳
ؽǿ
һʱ䣬ؾŵ޲Ĭܶħ񿹺⣬ؽս֮
Ϊεȳ̶ȣ
ŵ߸˼꣬ؾڰħطŭħ֮װ¡
ǣħ
ħһħħս̴ô
ӷӦѸ٣ִ󣬽ӵ֮Ҳ׷׳֣ǿ
⣬죬Ů΢΢ͷȥǲ֪ʱǱڸħ塣
ܵٻȫ¶Լ׺ݵģʼһеĳķ硣
ǣڣŵĵӣȫħĿ£ʼֵҵķ𹥻
ؽŤתΡֻҪռѪħħԶѹаϵһʯƣ޷ת
Ҫ֣͵ùħ۹飬˭꣬˭ãƫƫһŵʦأ
ħͬ壬˻ǻء塭
ħٽڣŵӵĿ˵ĻؽͺȻ֣Ƴڣŵӵ塣
ƳһңΣ֪ŴڣմȾŵӾж٣
뿪ڣŵ֮ʱħ񵭵ؽʶ仰
ؽͷǳǳ֣̾·˵ԼûܵħĿơ
ؾȷʵֹۣܲŵ֣ǿӦħ塣
ȻбģŵģֻħҲȫ
ⳡͻ䣬ؽ׵Ӵ˾̣֮аǳڣŶ¶
ƺڣŵˣӵҪԼĺӶɵȥϴôƴǵǺպ
֪ؽһƣҪȫˮӻǲİæ
ǧǰĴǧȻؽѾһ񼣣Ҫػò塣
ԭһֱûκζŮȴȻؽħڣŵ֮󣬳֣һ硣
飡
ŮԼࡣ
ǧšˣԼתͷȥǿаסڣŵĵӡ
ɸ벻ǣڣŵӲŸոձס躹ŵȴǾԾͳŽ͵ϮȥҪǱۼֿѩ£һ͵Ϯ롣
ħ񣬵׻ʴ˶ŵӣ
ѩһӣ֪µء
ƫƫؽؾڡ
ֻǣؾڽǵҲֹۡ
ħĺǵ󷨸ûмֶãͱǿħ˺ѿΪϵ͵ֱ˻ԡ
ʦãǿԼǰҪ̽ɰ䡣
˰䣬ԭҵģҳˣ£
ԸоԼǰģ̲סס˽õĸ첲ʦã죬ȥ
仰˵꣬Ծ͵˽õǰ
ŮĬĬؾĻңȴ֣ʱˣؽȻԭûκεĶ
ڵʲô
ܿ죬һХƳգؾֱӱ
ؽ·ʱų׻ػ꣬ѸʧŮҰС
ħħ
һŲʣŮ̧ۿȥֻħճһХƽɨԭħסڶŵӣһ˲˻ԡ
ţħ壬ҲȫȻϢˡ
ħϣҲħǿħ
ŸɿȻʶǿħ˲
Ǵ˿ħٳⳡħսؽҪǸҵĴۡ
ô죿
˿ҪӣҲˡ
ҲݺݵصħĽԽҫۡ
ȻħһɲǣıӶݺݣתţűοص˵ͷ󻹺Ǹɴӭȥ
СѾͷιһɤӣȫ˵ע˹
ֻħͷħԼâȵԵˣһٵİȫؾ⡣
ħӵˣݺݴ˼磬ǲҪצһצӡ
ȻڽõĿ£ħֻܳԱŲԼͷ
ºħǵͷ˲佪õ֣˽ôŵİ䡣
㡭㽫ħԼˣֵյߣǿһ㣬´һ
ħңšԼ˰ɣõʶΪħǸһڵһ߱Թõİ̫Сһ²۰Ϊʲôٲһˡ
ۣ裬Һ˵ǧҪɽĳ̸ħҵģ
סԼĶͷתȥӣԼ̫ôöԷ
˴ΣĬĬ˾䣬ħޣԼˣ˫ҲֻǻݵĹϵ
ȷ˵ֻ޻ģû߻ġ
Ҳû⣬ȷʵɫͣӲһ䣺ؽŵľ磬ʹİ׻һ١˵׻ҪΪؽԼޣؽܾˣͷȣԼ
ôؽɰͻ˯˹ȥ͸֧Լһҡҡ׹ӣֱýĿһۡ
뵽ؽǲ԰׵Ҳ̲סʶħһ䡣
ħίίǰ
ԼüģؽҪŵĻһһ˵˳
ŮԶԶűӵŵĽã֪ؽĿģǴˡ
ħ֮Σ˿Լħħѹħٻħ塣
Ǿ
ؽҪô


66 
ŮĬĬת뿪, ֪ǧǰĴ󣬽һ̿ʼ
, ȻħѾų, һΣҲ޿⡣
ؽŮϺ¶˼ַ߷߲ƽı飬ͲԼŴᡣ
ں, æ, Ҳòæˡ
ŮԽԽԲȥ˵һڵϴ, ׼ؽ˵˵
, ԴԼħ֮, ǿһĿ⣬ѾΡ
СѾͷ, 㿴㶼ˣ, ǲҲϷһ㰡
仰˵, ʶħٴΰˡ
ۣ裬ɵĶʲôö, Ǹϼһһ, Ҫ۸ң
, 㲻Ҫ׳ȥ, ħ, ħôԶȺ߱ϥ
뵱, ħ۹, ǿǺεȵ, ֻħѹ˹ء
ԣħܽһħ岻Ҫˣħң
ǧǰ⣬ǧؽǣһ˳ôÿҪ
ƺǸܵħе²ۣòŲæ³һʵħԣħ۹⵮ааǻѪ߶մһ㣬ԸҪǷϥһ˵ؽòϣǺûҴ׷ͲҪ˼
ħ
ԣǻʧģ仰˵ԣ
ʾÿ·֪֮һֱôǰ棬ϵ˵ҲҪطȥһЩڮ١
ʵûô
ʶõ뷨Щԥ󵽵̾˿ÿ
ȻӲһÿв֪ǰָԭħ壬̷
Ŷ治ɫ⼸ˣô
֮ǧֵ˼֮öҪԹڴдţ뿪
㶣ԭѾȥ˵ǣȴΪΣ̲ס͵Цſֵ
ֵ𣺡
Ավ
תͷݺݵһǼߣҧгݵع֣ŽõкãѱһˡӴ
⻰֡ĶȥĶȥСûշ֮УøոռߺΡ
˵õĴѺΣôɴסˣ
⣿߳ɵǰһҪٴѰֵ
ֵ𿴶һֻۣԼĿεطڽõϡ
Цֻı飬ֱֵãʱĿ˿ڣǽָ˳¿ֺǺǵظȥˡ
ʱ򣬺óԺúźŲ˵ָõܱһɣǰһϻһħһ϶Ҫؽ
˵ʲôȺµļһ￿һ
ֵŨصΣһͷ̾תҪǼߣǸոնʲôƾʲôҪħԼһ˵Ľ־ܣ
ɡħ壬պ͡
պ㿴ħһжŵӱħӰ죬ǲôȥԼԼŵĵӣǶŸով˵СѾͷ侮ʯ
־岻£µǱ־ǣűߡħõֶʲôФʱ򡭡ɱվǵĶȥˣ
˳ֵĻͷԼĽǾʾҲвǧìţһ̣ȫͳһ뷨
վһߣش⼸ȥڻҵߣֻ̭̫̭ˣ
δλЩվŵǰȥ
˶óʲôħ壬ǵһɡսؽҪµļ⡣
Ȳħ֮˵ؽСѾͷվǵĶ棬ʱ˭˭ħ˭˭˵ˡ
ͷۻŵ䣬Щ꣬ΪĲһֱ汼Ҳ֪˶ίȴԹ
ڣǵվʱˡ
ôţ𹧹ǰŽùһݣҪлаߵľȻʱħֻ֣ؾ⣬ҪΪħ̫ˡ
̫ˣǻţ
ʦ磬ǻţ
ԭ㰲ΧȻӵ̧ۿȥԭӦؾ֮ʱͱŵӣȻűͳؾ
ǡؽһ˱
˶ˣ
СѾأԭʽ˭֪һתͷþͲӰ
һڣ
ֱȥڣԵڻԣòܲˣƣӵĴ£ȥؽӵϴ
·ӵ˵𴫻κ˾롣
ȻƸڣκƣ
·˵꣬ˡ
һħؽһƿϴš
ģǵտ̵ıϢý̲סüͷ
ŵûһɨĸɾڵİȴ򵥵˼£һŰһһһӣ
Ͳ˾סĵضʲôĵط
ûȫرգϴðƮ˵ڣԽĳּȡ
˵ɣԼ˸ɮ
һ²ţһϴȥ
ȵǣһƬģϴرȴһҷˡ
䵽޴ϴˮϣԶϢڶ¾ʯ֮ϣʯϵ֮Ȫϴأ´ŵ
֮Ī˷ľ
Ǹõط
ˣ˼
ÿһͰؽӴϳħķԸŵϴڡ
ϴصĳˮʪؽѣ毺õ¶ڽõǰϴ˿ȴڻԵĴӡ
ôˣ˶ôˣ
˭֪ϴˮһõ֣ý۵˼ûסؽؽ䵽ϴڡ
ĵط˵ŵҶţǰҪؽϳȴħסˡ
ڲܿƵҴܣϴسˮˣҲᱸĥ
ģǿֻؾŻԡ
Ҫ˵ôǿͲ÷ȥˣҲԼϴصġ
ħѾӴˣΪΣĵĴط
ûлͷֻǿؽ˯ϴڵģʶԼոձϴˮʪĵط۲ѡ
ǿҲǻ۵ģ
ħһ궼ŵˡ
ǰɣûܰɣħ۹ѾԵòҪҪˣڳа
Ҫˣħң
ŵˣ
ħ벻ˣһڵߵʲôܵѽôͺħȥأ
ʹͳħΪʲôҪ￴һ裿
ħزûԼͷϵǶק룬ɴҲϴڣʾ⽪Ҳһ
ˣҽ㣡
ÿħһŽؽ˶Ƚϴسصףʶ͸˽ؽħƿˣҲˮɣ
䣬ˮ¾ʹҵĿ
ˡؽڳصס
л˵
ؽȿȿȿȿȣѩҩnѩ


67 
ʵܲϴˮʹ, ħһž׼ϰȥ
˭֪ˮºȻֱֻ֣Ӿͽ޷Ľ˻
δѹؽ, ˿Ž, ͺˮ֮ҵһƬݣɫޱȵĴ
㣿һ£û,
ħվһ, ĦȭԾԾԣ
Զһ㣡һͼѿؽ, һ߻Ҫضħ, ʲô顣
ߡӤ૰,
ؽüͷ¶ýһӾ
תͷؽǿ־׵, ̾˿ⶼʲô°, ȴֱסؽ, ˮȥ˳رߡ
ؽؽѣĺؽ,
ߡҪ뿪, ؽٴμӴϵ
üȱϴˮʪ, Ǳؽ, ̲סħ, 
ˣ
¡ƺǲ˽õʹ, ʶ, ؽȻΪøƽҴܵ
һڽõӿ, ֻˮ䵽Ȫ㲻ۣر۳СϪջΪӿ
ʶԼϿһĻᣬûκηģ˳뵽Լľ
ħҲˣ뽪ʶָͨøϴˮԼע
ԼĪ󣬽û״̬ѹԤеԼƺҪͻƽףȴֲ֪Ϊûҵš
һ΢Ŀ˽õעһͷͿޱ޵ؽͷſļϣīɫĳ࣬ϴˮʪ·Ѿ͸׼Ӳţ¡
һѪ䵽ϴˮϣʶסԼıӣ͸
ƫƫʱؽ˶֪һѾͽõŤ˹ȥ
ˣ
ֻǡ̼Ѫ֮ؽҲ㶡
֪ǲǽõĴܾһ̣ؽЦˡ
ûϢ
ؽֵ˵㽪õıǼ⣬ѪǲˣѪȴڽõϣԽҪΣԼԽ߰㡣
ѡˣ
æңǺ܇ģ֪ΪΣ˿̵ȴ쳣İꡣ
ؽǰҲǵһˡ
һ
̾Խֹˮ
ؽԼͷܣ񽥽סõȴԽ
ûߣá
ؽ仰ͦ͡ζӳµģϾⲻǱؽϴҲ߲
󣡡
ؽǰŲ˵仰ţþͼԼҵħ֪Ʒȥϴ⣬ɺ׶ý˼
衭ѽ
ùħִˣ
㻹𣿡
˵ݣؽԼȫע·Ż˽õϡ
ãҲҪؽ飬ԤУؽ˿̡ڵйؾпа¡
䵽ؽ˵ֱϣȴʳһؽ֮⡣
ʲô취ܹϴسˮʹ
ؽ˺ü룬شŽõҪҳһй˿գûҵ
ؽƫͷżֲȷû취£ˡֻš
õ˰ȴһ£ʾؽſ
㡭ûС
ؽʹͷû仰ʳڣŽһ䡰ˡʧԼǰ
ϴڣ
ħ֪˽þ̲סʼߣؽǸϼһԼǿ۸ޡ
ѹôãòȥϴһˣڰӳȥô
üħʵĻ⣬͸ɴ౧ħǰһӦл˵ģ
ħ
Լʱ˵ʶǸոؽĻҲӦ֪˲ǣ
ħ
Ҫȥ˵ؽĺãԭĵߣϣ
Բ׼˵ϼһĺã
ȻոؽｪϴسˮʹһؽԭҪܵʹҲ
ǸϼһȻʹ£治ɫİ
ǣԽþϲ⣬ò
ħʼɵЦɵЦӣȴֲֿͶáôۣɴϴ
ϴسˮʹΪʲôҸողʹˣ
ϴħԼɵЦҲӲ⡣
ҲħʲͬħҡһԼزסβ
Ŀһ䣺˵ѵʱβ;Ͳزסˣ
ħ
ҲǷ飬ϴسˮʹû취𣿡
һǷ⼸֣ħ۾ʶͰסõ֣ʼ˵ʵҪϴسˮʹҲûа취
һԻԺ飬Ų׺ɵ֮ӻ壬ϴأͲеʹܰæ赼ܵ
ؽһŲ׺²ڵ̫ӴҲֻ̬ϼһܿסž޴Ǹ
һħһпٵһйаһУأƲһƵ
ΪаһżȻ
ȻĴŴ˽õ˼·֪ãˣųŵĵˡ
վؿһؽڵϴ뿪˵һڡ
Ǳ˲ߣؽͳ˿ֶŵϴرߣһûһµͷʣ˶ˣ㻹׼ʲôʱ򣿡
䣬Ůϴ¶ԼΣ겻ı䣬ϲŭ
˦ԼֱߵĳɴŲԺ͵ؽֱߣȻһΣؽȴǿûͶӡ
屦ͱԴ
Ůϴˮϣɫѱضؽ
ˣ㲻׷𣿡
ؽһЦãܿ죬ɫֲԾĳ
㲻
ؽض䱦ϧ
ڣŮŭˣϴسˮһ˳ڣؽʹĥЩǱȴЦԽ
ħκ˵ȿ⡣ΪͲģ»ǵԹŭô
ǵģҳҵģ
ؽվ¸ԼһˬתͷŮ
Ȼħѳ磬Ȼκ˿⣬ҲκҵƤӵ£ˮõȥ
ħ˵ҾȲƫҪУ
ŮؽнԶ壬ԼȻЩֹסĲħ·ֻһ֮䣬ǧ꣬ĥˣֻа߸ϵؽս
ǧʱתһٲܳɡ
ؽվһ
аһħָǺֹ⾰
ֻεʱƾԺ桢ŵĽ飬壬ܹⳡƽҴ


68 
˼֮, Ů׻˲׺飬ŻȥԭҪؽ˵ͷԺ
Ƽڵס,
ǰ, һӭıϲӭ˽ýš
ˣҽ˺ԺĶ, Ӷˡݹһ, õͷº¿һ¡
յŲæһȲ裬ؾ֮Ȥ¡
Ժ, ԶҰ޵ǽһ˺ѷ, ֱ̬Ը, ͷ˵һϡ˯μ䣬ûپԼĲ, һҪ
һ˳۵ԶҰȻһһӦˣǳжԼѵᡣ
ִȵТ, Ҳһ׮
Ǳ, ˵Դ, ͬŵʦǶΪСʦöſ, ҪŮװ, һҪСʦõԸ
ؾһս, ͬʦֵǲϣСʦ, ΪҪû, СʦڸҲ, Сʦÿɵĺܾá
ֹ, ̲һ䣺ɱΪ޵ģͲԼػʦأ
ô𣿡εЦҡҡͷ
ǣһսŵǳ˲ڳǧţõžˡ
˵ʶ˶١̧ۿȥ֪֮Ļܲô˳ģ΢΢ͷʾ˵ȥ
ڣŵˣڣŵʦ𣬳æҡŮյ˱һɲǣǿͻ뿪Ŵᣬȫޡ
ƼˣֵħܳҴˣڣŵʦ֮Լ뿪ӦþǳͶħȥġ
а͡ؽɣ˵£
ƽ׳ȴ쳣ԣ⧲ת⣬ú޷Ľ˺ü
û£Ҷˡ
ȽóԱ⣬ǳЦ˶ۡ
÷СȻſ˽ֵģԽֻԽ밮ӵɵ
ǣ̾˿¿ɱ̫ˡȴֻǵȲ裬Ц
õĻ䲻ã˵Сſھһ
аأѾ˲ҽȥ
˳Դ뿴ȥǡ
֮ǰ¶Ҫ˵ǻõͬ˿̵ǣżˣʲô󡢱飬ȫȻںˣôȦܲ˴˹
״˳Ž΢΢˵ͷó˵Ŀռ䡣
ƣǵʦҵģҪ飬ҶѾˣ˵Ҫҵأ
ĿƵؿã֮ǰ볤ֻǺڲͬŴᣬűŵ˵ؾ﷢顣
Ƽҹ͡ǧšһڡšһһţͺƲϴϵĶ⣬ˣʡ
֮ԵģǶħ졣
һʼѡվڽһߣǲǡҲ˳µһУ
ֻҪһ뵽ֿܣǾ;ԼйɰȼգҪеŶȼմ
ΪʲôأΪʲôһʼûܿϵֻԵأɵɵѡǡ
ǿãŬػҪһԼڽеĸ顣
ţȥǸһֱ׷Լˣģ˵ûоûˡ
ҲһˣǲԼҪóа͸ͼùݹȥƣһ˳ȥ
͸˭Ǿ֣Ϊ֤Լе뷨˽һ֪Ѿˣһưոݵġ
ǲ˵仰ͼЦЦؿһ˲䣬ˣŭӿͷ
һᰴԼ޸ɹǣҿɴûŵ뿪ţһһ˵ԼĴ㣬
ң˶ڲ
ν˦˦֣Ͼ
Ѳƶ
ǲưոݣ˵ûҪңҲֻ㣬ң
仰һ㽫նڽ£ոȼšʡŭ𡭡ڽǰһЦ
ôܡôܣ
Ͳ¡ұ𣿡
ЦˣʲôЦһ㣬ֱߵǰǵؿڸϲǿ˳ȴָɲģ
һѪ⧲شǿ֮£һŭ˵˷θ
֪ʱˣŽǰҫ֮ǰһĪؿ˽һۣǡ
ûˣֻߺĬĬ³֣ɵӣ
ú˹߽ãչغΪֽһףֻʲôû£ո˸棬ʹ뿪ˡ
㲻𣿡Ŵã
ȥɣҲԼҪ顣˼󣬾֣˼
ȷ˽õԸĻ˻֣ʾԼµˣٸˡ
ˣ˵ǳˣ
ؾѺĹпģԼǳˡ
Ĩȥļ䣬һ˻Ǻ»ǻ£һˣвˡ
֮ǰ뽪õĶԻУҲȥǳϢ
мֲ죬ܿ컹ǳ˽
ǳɫ糣ĴһۣʶǳڸԼǳЦЦ󣬴뿪ˡ
㣬ؽ˵ҪͻƵļȴʼͻƲˣ
ԣõͷ
ˣɣǳ˵꣬ͳŽõݹȥ֡
ħͬ壬ǳ΢΢һ˼̾׹ؽ֮Ըԭ
ħѪĽؽĿİɣ
ǳ֪ΪΣ֪ԼؽˣȴңԼܰﵽǽá
˫ҪõƵ㣬»һҪ󡣡
ֵѩָﰧˡ

˵ЦԽŴϿգڵλС
ŴıԵ˴ĥù⻬ޱȵܶư壬ħȥ޸Ԫ
ԶϵħȡţҪȴѲħ
ԶԶأ̧ͷڵĶƺٴаЦúܻ죬˿̵γĶԱȡ
𶯣ħа
ƶݺݵĥĥȵħһ취û
а˲һһĽʶţȥλã
ħЦˣЦƺ£̰ϵķŭпż䲻аҲЩô
ȻָĲ֮ħȻ֪ơ
ħһʯʯܼ¼ǧħӿǲֵΪá
ֻҪҵǿʯӶȫ㣬ңܴͨǧǰص½аǧǰħ֮ս
˵ƵɴԼ۾ֻ̰Ķһ͵ץסԼѾ֪֡ǿ¿ʼһУ
ǣҲǡħ˼˸ӣ
Ƶִѱᵽߵ㣬ħڵڣҪصȥ¿ʼһУȥǸԼô
˼ǡ
û㣬ҪĨԼĴڡ

ħΪٻһ£˭֪ȴıʾãҲٿȥô޴ԼڣҪһƿػԼС
аһΣҾлܳš
׵ŴϿƺʲôӦһ㣬ʶͷŴķ
ôˣǳסõ֣
ͷȴʶ˵һ䣺Ҳ֪ؽ𣿡
ħ
ѾǵħսʱƵģƬƬһħǰ￴ħһ˼ɽ
ؽ߹ƬһһֻԲħ˳ؽһѳؽĻУ·ؽôôò
ؽָһԲжȫαװħĵ·µ˵¼̳
ϤϢ¼̳ڣ߱ħסֹסĲŹħħ
ؽͳŮµĲ׺飬¹ĹâƬ޹صĵ¼̳
ǡ¹⡭
С󺣵Ϣ
׺Ĺâ£ס壬Ȼ桢ŵ
˶Ϊħս֮Ի䣬Ϊǵ޹ʧˣһŴؾУؽΪλǽԼԸؽؽ
ֻ˲֪ǧǰħս
ؽ
ʵħˣ
ȴαװ˺ãܻصһڣȥϴԼ
ħӡؽĿ΢΢⣬ؽȴЦ˳˿ע뵱ħΧΧĺɫ
ʹࡢľԽħʼζ
ӣӣ
ؽ㲻ɣħħ
ؽ֣˵ƿڴܲµϵѪסһ˵°ͣٴ˭ħ
㣬ǣѱǣ˽ԽħķӡǸñħ
ؽЦԽãҡҷɳһĶħӡҲԽҫ
ⲻǵҪ𣿡
ȥӽħ壬չħ壬󡭡Ϊħ塭
û˵û˵Ļ
ֻҪɱɱ
ؽ˵°ͣڵѪȴں
ڱħ˿ڲþϣͬʱڵ໥ҪҲû㹻ܹ
ոһգ긴һ꣬ÿؽϴˡˣܻϵĥˡ
ǵɽ練Ȱ˵˻ҪŰɱаΪ̨ף˽ȥѰаټħҲҵаڡ
ħ
ħ·ģǣҪħģҲǣ
˵˭ħ
ؽԼĿⲻ䲻ȵͶһ壬
㣡ǣǣǡ
ڣؽԼҪĴ𰸣غһջز׺飬뿪ħ
Բ׷ؽٶȲ죬ȴŬҪײؽϡ
ؽ·ӦͣԼĽŲתͷһۡ
Ժ󡭡Ҳˣ
ؽ˵һ䣬ְԼĿƮԶؿħнֳһᡣ
ܿ죬žͻӭ˰ɡ
ϣһΣҪµˡ

㲻ؽȴˣᳵ·Ľڣ˳ŵڽϵıҪȥҽá
·ȴħħ˫˫¡
治ȥѰصؽ͸żģħħȴٴУв²͸ؽ˼ȴؽÿá
ţǽôĵط
ȻɹǣվѹסħѪԽǿħѪѹҲԽǿ㲻ػħ壡ħħȫʴ綼֣Щعħħܱ֮һս
ؽĬܿ죬ħħͷ֣ǵ޷ؽ࿹⡣
ûܹϼУͱؽĲ˽¡
Һ£òǲģ
һһؽȥ˽õߣŽڷܵǳһϰؽ߹һ˿οЦ
ãɱħңͻһա
¹䣬ؽܵԼϵĶħӡǣԽЩ
л˵
PSǣпտΧѽ֣ٺٺ٣
Ӹһ㣬С򿨿


69 
Ȼ㻷ڽõ, ˳ǳʾ½עԼȻ, û˺󾢡
, ôͻƲأ
ϲʣ鴫
ͣ˼ǼȴȻƮһ, ϤϢ, ؽ
Ҳ֪ΪԼͼ۾ܲ˵ĳǳһ, ûץס
أ
Ȼ, òŷܸ֡ûκļ
̲ס, ӿϼʧ䣬ͬʱֲɻ, ѵΪһֱؽ£ԡ˻þ
ͷ, ôһƬһꣿǳڽõ, һɵվԭأ̲סһ䡣
ûͷ, ˳ǳ, ȡͷƬһ, ˼
һϴرֵ, һɣ
Ҳôѹ, ҵ׵ʱ, Ҳǻ˺þá, ñ, Ҫһ򡣡
ҵȲôˡСĬ׺飬ôȥ壬ôȥأ
һеһУŽá
Ĳʲô
øûԼĻǳƵǰǿȽýԼעŵϡ
״̬Ҷ˺ʵ㣬ҲͻƲˣ˷ģеʲô
ǳŽãˡ
òͷǳʱɵɵȣ˿̵ǳΪһصǶμ䣬˵¶Ī˲١
֪٣õҲ˳ǳĻͷȥ
壿ǳ㶣õĿٲȻһǲ׼ȥš
ȥʽף
Ȼ
ﲻݣ
֪ʲôˣ㻹ȥףǳ˵ͱЦˣ壬ħ֮⣬ֻصѹơ
ڣþȻԲѵȥס
ס
ˣǳıҡͷ߻ִϽý˵Ļ
ȴ͵һקǳĿᶨϬĸϣûʲôǲܽ׵ġ
УҲֻ㻹û㹻ĳ룡
ǳ˰Σ˵ʲôѾվʾˣҲûʱˡ
Ҫ֪йȫڣ̣ϡ
ǳ
߽ãǳհŽȥĲر󣬴ҳһйľڵݵϡ
үүүүүүүүǳ˵˼Ŀһʾ˵ɶ̫ϵľڣǱԨأٲ֮¡
ҪȥѰǣǡ֮á
˵ȥףΣһʵֵΡ
ϹޣҲ壡ȴָžһҳûǳ֮õҪ㣺׻ȸ䡭ֻҪҵκһޣͿԴд䡣
ͬΪ֮壬ûɻԼһ٣Σ໥¸ӦϢ
Ȼ˽硢ɽ綼û䣬Լ޵ȴ˼䣬ңָʶһ
˭ǳĪЩֵ̿ؿãҲת˾棬ǳңӡ
˵ǲˣŴϣţһʲҩʱ䣬ҲȥݷһλҼˣ
ǳʶ˿ڿˮֻô˿̽õжֱǾˣΪǻ飬ȴֱıһܡ
ǳͷ죬ֻԼԴʶ˽֮ÿһӣ·Ρ
ţ̫á
ȥ˷ң֮ô죬޺þûˣûԼԼҲ޷Իްɣ
ֻҡħ֮ʱŻѣȥǣ
ǳһһͷŷħΪΡ
ڲޣͷϻɫǣΧһǶ˵ģͦϲ졣
ÿħһۣû˵
ħԼˣ˲ۿʪˣ˿ֿ˿ǳԼͣԹԵ˽õߡ
ԣҲ޵𣿡ΣǳֻӲͷƤ˳ħĻ½ӡ
Ҳǣħ֮ҲѵļҪԼԼҲһ¡֮Ҫȥ壬ΪǸһɣ
ħԽԽħؽ˰˻ԼĽȴģڵؽ
žһùľڿħ֮ҪȥѰ׺顣
ǿ屦׼ʲôǰѱｻ㣿ħɸ֣
㣡ȴָħֲһ䣺ҪǻҪħҲǲС
ħ
ħ
ۣħĿ°ĭ˹ȥǳһݵؿãŮ˲ˣȻܰħʡ
ȴħһٶЦˣҡҡͷľڡ
ڷħ֮սУʢڵħⳡ֮ս屻ѹƽΪΪʹħһħҪħս
ֱħʹһ٣޺ѰͨںϲΪǿ
ѡǱǿ
أںܵƣҪʱʱ˯Ա֤ĳ档
ھϴԽǿͻһԾΪİ
Ȼǲ֮٣֮䳣ҡ
ִһҳϣͷ˼ĿħҲѹħڶôɸ֡ԭǰħһ˾Ͱڵȫ˸顣
ǸʱħǺεȵ緢
͵뵽ԼħԼõѪȥ̲ס΢΢۾
ħŮԴˡħҲŵԼ߹ͷ­ɽ
͸ɽ磬ħ飬Ҳ޷⡣
ѣ뵽ȥħһ壬ħ۾˶֪뵽ʲôɴװôҲá
ԸȥҵҪĶҾʹӦ㣬ʲôʱ򣬶һֱ㣬Σ
ħһ¾ͰͿãģؽ˵ҪǣҲ
ħ˵⻰ʱħԼ壬ħƨɵ£΢΢
֣ص³ĸ֣Ƶزһ䣺һ£ؽҲܸҶһĿڻδ뷨Ҳң𣿡
ħ˹⣬ħǰͲסһѷɳ뽪
ǳ̧۴˽ۣƺڽ׵ĻȫȻߡ
˶ȻҲ˸ɾħƾԼļ䣬ǳħһĲҳһֱѣȴû취õĶ
أʯ
ʯһֱصĽػţҪȡӲµĿܡ
ˣȻۺ죬ҲһֱûκεĶ
صɽʯ
ǳоԼڲϵĳ鴤׸ôţһӸһһӵһӣǿС
óĬˣħȴŽñȻһ£ʾÿϻħȥָ֮󣬻Ӳء
ڣȥأ
ھ֪뵽ʲôѵӸԼǱؼǳϣǳæûʲôرȽϸȤҩ
ǳֹҪ˵Щʲôȫʽ˶Թʼؼ
˵ؽûȥءħ֪ΪΣȻһ䣬
úĺһʾħ˵ȥ
һֵħս࣬ؽ֪ģ
ЦһתͷۣҺҶ𣿡
Ҷģŵ࣬ǡǡţҪȥġ
ħ


70 
ò, ʱؽĺ
ϲ˵ǻڱĬĬһ鶼ס
ϸϸ, ֡ħŴᡢħһһ, ⲻؽһʼͼõô
ԶԶŽ߶£ؽĳ, һϮŰ塢١ʢǳ, ޵ĳǰһ˲ʧЩҪС
Ȼ, վռϷ硣
һڸ, ؽ򵥡
, 󵨲²⣬ħ˵, ħ𡢳šơаؽ
ĬĬĸƬͷϵһ, , ؽڵ, ӱô
ӱҼ, ӱȥȡüô㡣
ԭǿս񡭡Ҳп־顣
ŵ, Ƕһ, ľͶ, ϷҪǴȥ, ؽǼһǲԼ, һ㣡
ҪϷӮ, ϷĻҺħħȥ
ħڽõߺ󣬽ȴ˼Ļħһ䣺ڲȥħ˵ΪҪȡü󣬲
ޣ㱻ؽǼһˣħҲ
̾˿ֻһԼʶڡ
ǳ˽õź̾»˽á
УҵΪҵҩҲûؼģô죬㻹Ҫðȥ𣿡
õͷʾǳѾܶˣʣµ·Լߡ
ȵȣ
ۼתҪ뿪ǳ˼ס˽ã̾˿ǳԼûϢ͵͵ôȥҩĲҩⷿ
Ӳװ˲֮ǳ۾һ޿
ȥȥɣҪôЩǵãҹ
ȻǸţ̲ס̾
ǳ
ô⻰ȥô죿ϴν˵⻰ŶĵƸƭˡ
ǳ䲻뵽˹ȥúľ󣬻ͷ߷ߵ뿪ˡ
ЦĿǳ뿪ߺ󣬽ǵЦųˡ
ַԼһûǵĽԼϣȻʣԿһ
ʼն޷ͻƽ𵤵Եɡ
ħڲϲҪҪ㣬ҪҪ޹ϵ
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Ǳ֮չһ㡣
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ģĬκˣȡɹǣ
һɲǣþȵķ֣ޡ䡢Ȼ⡣
֧˸̯ӣ
ǣ
ò߹üͷǰϸϸһЩźôûнأǲ̫
пܣϴα޶һ֮ǿŶЩ֣޷Ĩȥۼˡ
룬ҲǳûҪȻⷬǳֵָú
ҵ˽׵İ취Ҫȥء
ò˵仰˾ԾԾԵıʾԼҲҪ潪һȥ
㿴ɣϷ˵ãؽǸжȻֻҪȺСһ㣬ҲȫȻƿټ
ħ䲻ڽõʶ߶ſˣĪЩ
ڰ֣ʾԼȥأ˭Լһȥ
һˣ
ħ
һٻΪԼܹද˧һ㣬һͷϣǿشӸߴǡ
һ޲˵θң֪ħôİ˴ؾдĺǧԼһ
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ˣ޴Ƿˣһ˰ɣޱ飬֡
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·׹һϢ֮ʱ±һ·Ůȡ
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ҪʲôǰҪʲô֪˶Χ˹ȥĹ£
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ޣ
䣺
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㣬ȷ֮ˣԽԽЩ˼飬
ôͲ֮ˣǣ֮ôͲˣ㿴ڣΪǮأܣ˵˵ţͰѻת˽õϣ
ÿΧһԭˡҲȫȻûܡģֻһ䣺лл
ԣǧңڿԣ
ǧŤ˵ʲôûӰ
޼״ԿһۣʶҪȥ׷һתͷȴֽƺûʲôκεļС
ǧƵģͣʽã
óĬ˼󣬰ħ˺ǧúǧקһ˵˳
ˣħħȥزʲô顣м£ûǰɣħ壬ħѪ

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˵ķ̫ͬҲȫڵһ¡
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ڣҲţɽأȫħˡЦһ
ҪħˣǵôңһҵҲһ쵽ħȥأЦӯӯһҲԼЦжôĵ
̾˿߰ɣ
ԶԶأؽվɽͷŽԶȥһƬһģ顣
Ƭһ꣬ճ˵ڵء
Ҫȥˡ
ؽתͷֵ
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˵ֵۿԼģűɺµ˿ڡ
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䲻ϣؽħѾͷħħʦԽԽú£ӣɲΪؽʶؽһ⡣
ˣȥɣ
ֵָ£ǰʱǳΪ±ѩʦȥ£ڴæ¡
һǰʶ;ô»뽪йأĬĬڴڷһ豦顣
ϸϸ룬йǧǰħ֮սӿʼĽʲôεĵط
һʦȱļħǱһڵӡģһսôģȴǺܼǵˣڹйħҹһ£ӡ
ϷļУؽҩǰڵʱǿӲıʾҪħ뿪汻ҩǰһִߣǱ
ֵǡϷ־ؽһֱ˯ڵһڵϴڣδֵҡҡͷַ˷Լĺ룬һ׮׮ļ̫಻˼ĵط
ؽƺǧǰѶħ֣߳طһڣ
ʦ˻һֵһǵļ侹г˺ܶȱʧα졣
ǲˣǿȥ֪ͨǱôãܲһֱڹɣ
ء𣿡
ϴȥذݻᡭʲôʱ򣿡
۵Ȼ죬ΨһˣһֱĬһԲʶѾ˵Ԥϡ
ؽĪǡ
žһһĴվʾԼҪȥѰ塣
Ψһֱ֮⣬緢飬嶼ģǱȻºۼ
һɡؽʵǸСѾͷĻǣֹһ
ǧǰħսؽת֮£ֻˣҲֹһΡ
ô˵ʧˡҲֹһΣֵӵ󣬵һΣȴЩϧĴ˴ۡ
ԣǼΪؽתǧǰħսĽҲζţؽֻصÿһΡûܳɹ
ֻҪûɹؽͻһνת״̬ԣűһֱþϴء
𣿡
תΥҲվǻᱻԼͷôǿҲܻеＫ޵һ죬䣬ǲġ
ǣסԼĶħħͬ塣
ӿޱʹϧ밧⣬ֹһΣؽ㵽Ǿ˶ٴʧܵĴŻһķǸСѾͷȥأѰһеĴ𰸣
ߣһѾ˳Լ׼
һڣϴ
ԱŲɼõĲҩĵسϴȥ
ؽ׿ڴӦֻҪЩҩɼͻȥСʦá
ٺٺ٣Ҳ֪СʦûٽףǼ᲻Ҳȵغһʦ֡
СʦãʦϾҪˣƿϴţտģʶüͷ
ϲŹ¶֮У·ݵĹء
Էҩݣ˳ϴˮ뵵ƿͨľš
ؽɢϴرߣ˿ȥޱȵƣ룬ˣҲ޲
ǰһϴڣǱؽѪȾ˵Ϧǳɫ
ԾһǰһҪؽϴ˭֪ûȥؽߣͱؽһ򿪡
ؽ۾ͷԣ԰΢΢һ˿ǳЦ㡭ˣ
ϴгɣɢ
ǰɢؽԵĻͷϴϹŵһֹ¡
ɢħΪޡ
ɱңаܳ׳񣬻˰ɣ
˶˵ҿʲôҶģƫƫҶ㡣
һôʵҲ֪ЩۣЩ꣬ʵǣЩˡ
ϴرߵĲ׺ųҫ۵Ĺâؽȥ֪ŮȺһѾע⵽ÿһֻµļˡ
ؽЦЦʲôģѾǵһΣǲԼļңææȥѰ֤ˡ
ҪôŮҲֺαأδζ֪أװĲ١
һ˼û꣬һѪؽٲɣǰһԼϴˮʴʹˣؽ
аؽֹ֣֪ôģǽ챻ֵȻһʣЩļ䣬ȻҲʼܿƵһ鲻ϴˢĴԡ
ÿһΣôŬûа䡣
ֻһһΣһһΣаǰӡħʩʲôˡ
ħЦȲаҲаȥģ԰䡣
ħ˵öԣҶģ
Ѿ͸ⳡľ֣Ҳ͸ħⳡľ̵ʱ
һһڤӱʢŵı˰һǧꡢһǧ꣬Ҷ
ʲôġ
ΪħһһҲ㹻ˣ
紵ϴأԾؽؿΪɢȥ޷ֶĶħӡ
ص̽ؽ࣬ͨ֫ѪӿħʼܿƵ
ʶԼȥЩħ֪Լʲôֻһͷؽսؽһؽ
ܶħԲܣ
κ֪ħˣԣԲԣ
ԿԼ֫ѾΪħʴʼãûͣԼؽȥľٶ
Һؽ
£ؽۣѾɣħ塣
ô죿
ԾȻϢĽȫɸؽܿ죬ɥķ֣Լľ䣬ҲֹؽĶħ
ô죬ôأ
ͷϴأãȻѰһ𰸣˳ۿ¡
ľԴͷԼʴĲӵ֣ͽ͵ҪȥؽĿڲðĶħӡ
Цˡ
ʦ𡭡
ܣӡֻһ·ˡ
ӱԸڼӿáһ˲漣
һ죬ԼڵըѵѾˣҧվ˿ܣóԼĵƣһƶ
һ̣ǿؽȥϴسص׵¶ѨֻؽֳٴĶ̾ͱ
ҲԾԼΪؽˡ
䣬ѣһ
ĵһƺȻһɲõԤ͵ػͷһڵķƺʲôˣˡ
㿴ΪؽӰ˾޴㻹˵ûҪֹȥص뷨ħħֿʼһֵȰ˵
ȴᶨҡҡͷԣõһڵӵЦ
ˣ


71 
ؽȻجо, ûͣ٣һԾ¶ѨгӷӦֱӴ˵һ, ԵĻǣ֡
Һá
ˣ
ؽһ, סĻ֮붼û룬ֱء
ͬһʱ, ˵һڵ, ޵˵һڡ
һڵӻ֪ʲôߵļλʦֵҲ˵Ȼ, Ǿǵ˵ο
Ǹ߽, Դȥؽڵϴ, Ļˡ֮ؽѸٴʲôʹԵĻ뿪ˡ
Ӧáȥ, ֻǲ±, Ӷ
⻹Һ, һ, ûþȡһ, գħһ, ħһ䡰˵ԣɵúܣ
֪ħǲؽΪ, Ȱ, ֻصظȥϴ
ϴǸŵģ, ֻǳˮȴɢһɵѪζ
ħԭҪһ, ؽôˣ
һ뵽ؽĿ, ɴͱ
ȻŽԽȥϴرߣħܵһϤϢʶʹӴһβ˽á
ȥħһһѹԹˢˢ·ס˿ڱǡ
ⸯõĳζǣŴؾŵζ
ܿ죬ϴرһ£ħӰ֡
аζ
ǹɺɫžҪյߣħһצӹȥִߡ
ؾؽԴħͬ˿̵ħ񡭡˼ѹ˼ǡֻһ㡣
ԣϢ˵㡣
ġ
ħԭԿһۣʶҪ󣬵ûǶͱħһβɴɨϴ
ħԹΪʲô֣鷳
ޣ
䣺
˵ͦ˵ġ
ħ˫ȭħٳٲ뿪һǣħʣŷɵ˽õֱߣʶߴٽÿסԼ
Ͼħ˿̵Ŀ꣬Ѿ׼˽á
ܿ죬һµħһ֮󣬺Ȼ鱩һɺɷ˵ͳŽϮ
ħȽø췴ӦԼཱུ壬ɺ˻ȥ
㶣ħһͷȴֽõĿ䵽ħһɫ̲ϡ
ǡԵĻǣħȷĸ˽á
Ҫ𣿡ħϢһһ趯ţ⽪ô˿̵ı֡
۰ɣҪʲô
΢΢ۣΪ⣬˵ֱ߰ߵħɴĸˡ
ħҪҪôʵϣ
Ϊ𾪣ţץﵽҪԼǽǸק
˵ʲôħȥףħ˰ɣǿħ񰡣
ħ˿̵ĽãŽ֣ãȻҲħֱ㶵سħȥ
ħһߣǱӡһϢ
ħǰһҪЩʲô־ͱõ˻ȥҪһ£ʶø档
㣬㣬㡭ħؿŽ뿪ż˵ɴһźܲĲȵħϣҪħ˿ʲô
һߣħ䵽˽õϡ̹ǣ͸һʬõζûѽѬιȥ
ƫƫħ񻹵ôߵشյĶߣϸϸȥ쳣رʾߡһֱޱȿõĶ
ؽƷվǱٵˡ
ʧꡭءħħءȡǣںϣ꣬ұ㹰ַ

ħ񻰶û˵꣬һħͳĽز塣
ħŴԼͣţҪ˵ЩʲôһХħ˽ϣֻ̰Ĳ鲻Ըš
ħԵĻǣҲϾ䵽˽õС
ħ㶣ͷȥԭöڵϵǰѽֻͨ
ħ˿Сһذףðϡ
Ӱ̿ͣ˭
ϵĲѽѵÿħһ䣬ħڽõʶЦ
ħ
ֻոջôżħƨţ
ûתħ˻֣Ҳһ䣬ݵò
ħĬĬԼצӣޱıŽˡ
Խ룬ħԽòԣħôȻϴң
һħѹܲˣ
ħţ߻ͷ׼ȥãȴֽԵĻǣħָ£Լ
˭֪˫һþͲܿƵؿԻ֮ǰļ䡣
ܡӣֻһ·ˡ
ؽؿڵĶħӡԽҫۣԺֻܲϵı߰ԼͼɢΧܵħ
ؽɫ԰ף֫ҪħҿѾ־ˣȴƫƫһ֡
а
ѣħȻ˽ãúƸոմجоһ㣬ͷ󺹣ѵ᲻
ûо黤סǣողСڡħüͷ̵վߵߣɫȴ쳣Ͼ
ջ򡭡
ҡ
ò˵ЩʲôһͷۺڵԵħǰ
УòܿƵؿڵһ飬ݡҩݡҩǸޣ飬ôǸҩũֵһ㣿
ÿУԶᱧԼĲҩȥϴһʼֻǷڵ⣬أԻԼ˼Ŵ󵨵ķŵڡȻϴرߡ
գڽ¹⣬ؽ
˹¼ľֻʧضϴرߵһԿҪ˵ЩʲôؽĬĬһ䣺¡
ɵӡ
ȥɡ
ûжĻҲûٿؽ֮ÿҪȥϴرߣܻᱻؽ¡
żҲȥݰߣʩϣʩ԰ǵСʦûһտģҲܡ
͸Ե۾˵һСʦõλ
СʦΪа
аȻǵһڵĵӣ
ôΪԾʶһСʦáкû۾ֻԳǰ
չ˺Ҳֻ㣬չ˺ˣ
£ԻΪһ˸ӫůԴ뽪õʶ
һ룬þħʶĺУʲôЦҵˣ
ǣϷĵ̣
ͷʹŶͷڵʶԡħħһš
ǰɣԵ꣬Ȼںˣ
һůϮʶĳȥ
̧ۣȻؽأκεĳǰ
㡭ؽƺҪ㿪õ
øɴ֣һѴӴؽʶֱ֣˵ײһ
ؽɣ
ҵĹӶڣ
õקסؽ죬ޱȵţڣǲǸøһĽͣ
л˵
ãŶקסĳ˵죬޿ӡ
ؽ
Ѿͷе˧


72 
ؽĬ, ûгƺ뽫÷
øɴˣͷһɣؽĻﲻ, , ֣һûһµòؽĳ
йءйڣܵһ, , ţ
һƺҪ䣬ȴؽǿƹˡ
ô, ׾ؽٵ벻Ϊж絽ͷϵ
, ˡ
Цһ, ֱؽȵĿע, ƿ֡
ΪЩ, Ҫȥز
ڿ, ؽɣⶼδ𣿡
Ϊ, аһϵûС, ȴ񲢷ˡ
ؽĺԽ˼, Щѿ, Щ֪롣ֻǲƫԼͷ, ʾȻ, ֻһ⡣
׼˵Щʲô, һ, ţֱǰըˡ
һϮ߹˵Ů˿ϵ۶
ؽŮԼȭͷ޲ֱӹקסؽߡ
Ⱥʲը˴룬ڻ㣿
ôؽ̽ͷŮۣ붼û룬һǰץסŮ֡
壿ɻ
Ů
ð˼룬Ȼؽԣ׺ҲѾˣ
ӦˣؽһţһѾͱס˽ãǺСһ㣬һ߰ԼͷûﹰһţûСǣʹģ
ԭͷϵŮһĻֻ֣۾
ؽһսƽʱһļƻ壬ھȻóŮ¡
Ҫͼתƻ⣡ƫƫֳסؽԴһ涼û
ؽε̧ͷŮŮȻһδؽ￴˼ֿͰͿȥѶϢ
Ů㶯ˣ
ؽ
ûã֪ΪΣ˵䣬Ů¾Īˬһѡ
ؽ
оԼ죬ܽˡ
ܿ죬һֻ֪ߵغħð˳ǿмⳡս
ˣ̸ؽСħҸոѰħټ޿ײ룬ο
ؽĪ˿ͷضԼֻɴʼ磬ῪͷһҿҪʲôģ
ħô
ؽ˼ħԵɣ֮ǰħԣħһֱӴɢħ
ؽʶ뵽ħѺסˡħӦǷֳ˲Լȥ̽˵Ŀ϶ȻǱϡ
Եأ
ؽţ׼ȥħһˡ
ۼֿסҪȥ
ԾԼѾǺܺˣؽȴͷصһ䣺ңڣڲ˵
ã
ôˣ
ŮĬĬ˵һߣøɴǰһ׵׵סؽȥ·
ȥأ
ڣⳡĽ£ؽȰ
ַסõļ룺㡭ˣһħ㣬һֱȵ
Ŷ
һ֮ǰħ֪ģȱʧ꣬һءһħһħһʵ˵
ЩԭҪ˵ڿҲ˵׼һֱ
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ҪΪҵıףϧԼ֪㶼Щʲôɵ£
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˵ˣħдľ籾㻹׼˳˼ݣ
һһ֪־籾ﶼʲô𣿡
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Ͷ̿һ࣬ˣңأ
Ȼһů˲ȻϢϯؽţ֮ǰеһɨա
ʲôû˽õǾ䣺ңأ
̫ˣڵܿƵ䵽öͷʱûзӦ
סˣ
ؽҲסˣ
ħŮһŶ~
ǣȥˡ
ܣԣܷؽɵԸŮ̾˿ɻǡ벻ĿһϷ
ȻŮԼ֮Եɣ˲ֺǷ߿ըˣ
ãҸȥ
Ů滹ûκεͣת׷ؽȥˡ
ħɵվԭأƺ޷ܸոʵ
ù˹ӣȥħһ£߰ɣȥأ
ħʶͶ㿪˽õ֣ݺݵתץסԼǣǱصı·˵еıʹ벻ܡ
ÿһҲûȰħ뿪˷䡣
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ħ硢ħսɡòЩץ˵ʲôûȥ
ֱ
Сģ
壬ħˤȥһѱס˽ã˴ء
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Ĳɵӣפ֮㡣
뿪ʱְס˽õļһ䣺ģ
ȻһеĿ⣬ĪЩ飬Ҳ˾
˿ܣһսĴʹ䣬һ㱡Ľ֮£ⶼ̫
˵ͨصıؾ֮·нĴڡħӡƣһֶú
⻰˵꣬̾;˽ȽóеĽͳһֶȥ
ܿһǱĸҹ˳һһ߱ԹҲ֮ˡ

˺Ǳûһ۾ϳĴͻ
˲Ƿҹӷ˭أǷҩǮأ
̧ۿȥǽã˾һ㣬²Ĵյõǰڱһ䣺ǰң֮ҪʲôҶԸǣ
뽪öԿһۣûнӷĻֻΪλڴ˴
ȸˣ
õʶȻħĻԵĲҽÿħԵİԵһġ̲סֹס
ħҲüڴ䣬ֱ֣һХȥħĽ磬ˡ
ˡ
ȸҪ޵ķҺˣħȤζԼצӷǺЦ
㻹ϲģܶˣ
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ȻһһһĴħ״һХҡֱϣԼҺڵһŵ𶼴˻ȥ
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ȵħȸˣų˱䡣
û˼ǧǰ̫ˡħصߣ»ûΪһ޵ģֻǣԽҫ˼֡
Ȼﴫһħ޵ĺУãǿԼޡ
֧ϵħĵȺ˵ݡ
ǡôʱҲˣޣ˳㻹ק˻еķһȥȸѵĵص㡣
ڵŨصѪԼ˲ʵħްδһȥȸѵĵص㣬ǾͱƺƵķҼҶסˡ
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ѪζѾԽŨ񣬵Χķȴû˿Ķҡתͷһۣ޷ڻԵķ
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ˣȺҼҶ棬㡾ְصĲǰһ
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δѼʱͼ죬±䣬վУˣ
ģ߾ҪǲϮá

Хʹ˵񾭣ԭԪӤһѪһ뾹Ѫɣڵ飬ħһצĻص˵ϡ
ħ֮ϣΧһȦķҼҶֺֻЦ
Ϲšħ
ҼҶϳħݣ˲ȽһܿƵعڵء
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Ѱ˴˻Цǻɼڳ˵Σ˭֪һħȴǲܿƵӿ֣ЩΪķҼҶ
ѪΪģʮ˵ٻУʮ׵ħ޲ӿ֣һֳŽϮȥһʼܿƵΧŹոȸ
ãֻǡ޻û˵꣬Ǳ߾ȸ˼Ľ
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һХԭƺƵħ޴̼仯Ϊ̳
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ƼңɼӱУܲμŴǸƼң
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üס˽ããȸˣ
޴ѹ£֮ĺȸƺɱۣۼҴҲ׼һϮȼһС
ħס˽ǣһԾϣֱӽȸŲӵĽ˵
ʲô⣬͵Ϯ
ħıצȥܿȸֻ˰ĺܵĺɢȥ
ˣˣٴȥֵ³˯ˡ
ħĻ䣬ɼӾͿ׼ʱȥȸߣε¶ԼóѵЦллˣ
ֻҪ˿ȸԼԷħ֣Σ
ħ죬
ħ˫ֵצӣվֱ壬ýצӾͲǻɼӵϣС飬·˵ǲǵɵվԱ߻ȸԼ
һߣǻɼӾʧ˽ǵǰ
Цİɡħڽõʶﳰ
ǵһʶħսοߵħߣħצ
ؼʱ򣬻еõ
ħޣûأ
ħ˵꣬Ƶתſȥ˳βסԼ۾һ˭˭ҵί
ʱ뽫ܲķ˹ָȸԼ
һȸʧ˵ǰħ˵ȥ˷ĿռϢ
Ȼħֱ壬ܿƵؽ˹״̬ոԭӦѾɢ˵ħޣȻ֪ʱΧ
ħֱʣ
óһ䣬
ħħ˽һ񶨵Ļش
УЩħ޺ǹ죬ħϢĿƣܲϵ¾£Լħ
ǡħݣȻ۶ɵһ㡣
ЩԾ
Ҫս𣿡ħ
ħһȴѸٵĴա
ȥأΨ֣س£ħȥ硣
ħ񡭡ؽǵһ̴壿
ԭΪȴŽȥħȽϺãڿħƺҪЩܿƵħ֣֮ƽȥħλħ
л˵
ôڷܣQWQ󡰷ô~ٺ


73 
ͬʱ, ؽڽϣ㿪Ů׷ȥħħ
Ӣͷ, һжޱϤ, ԲؽˣǿĵشԼȥؽֱ
ؽ, δκħټ
, ؽ̽ͷųԼħʼħΧʴԲؽĸı䣬ʶ㿪, 类ŵһ, Щɪɪ˸ħӶ
ûС
ûС
ؽջԼħ, Ϊħʴѿή, ˲ǧ꣬òײ˵ɾģħ
̶ֻһ˲, ָֻħš޹ģ
ؽվ, ЩƣرԼ۾
ħ񡭡Щʲô
Ѿ׼һ, ǲܳɹô
һ, һѪ˳, ؽоԼʶЩģ, ̳Լֱ, ʹȫǡ
ԡ
ò, ߵһ
䣡
ؽô, һ߽ħ, ȥ¼̳
ȳζӿĳ棬ؽߵħסĹ桢ǰ
գؽɫע塣
ڡؽ˼һº󣬿ʼ޸˿ڡ
˭֪ոոŵ˵˿ϣǾͬطޱȲʹİ
ؽæóϸϸȥŵĵطħޱһ㣬͸˽ڵζ
ŹҡŹҡ
ңҰɡ
עʱżָܻǵȫȻʹ֮Уʲôټǵãֻܲ˵غҪȥ
һΰѪ˳Ź˿ڵ䵽˵¼̳ˮУϸһħѪϣγһΪǳָߡ
ؽϣý˹˿ڣħԳĴǰ
˳ħָķѰȥؽ¼̳֮£ǲ֪ʱܹͨħصͨ
ˮ˳ͨϽħء
ħءؽ
ħ۹鵱أ⣬֮顣
Ҳأħ綯ʱ򣬵۹鱻һնɱ
Ǳ˴మˣȴ˱³
ʹаΣؽôδǹ̤
ħӡ
ؽٲԥضȥ֪ΪΣԲȻҲŵӵؽĻ·˵Ҳȥ
ؽͷ˿ûжֻʶ££Լֱۡ
޴£峺ĺˮγһ̲өĺĵħ磬Ҳ͸żӯ΢ܿٻȻµ
ѹֵħ۹һ飬ȷʵǸϲĶõء
ؽڵϣȴʲôڵķŹ⡣
ַĿ֦Ҷٻ꣬Ĳ֣
ʱ䣬ǵҰ㡱
һ˲ؽоԼ඼ؾסޱʹ
ĵط
ԽԽϤϢؽңȻͷȻħ
ħΪΣǳЦŶؽƣؽ⣬ħȴֱԣԼɾˣİ飬ȻΪ֮ơ
֮Ինɱ۹飬Ҳڱƶģ𡣡Ȼʾ䣬ؽȻȷ߰˷֣
ħûлشؽʣֻǸؽ⻹ǵ۹飬ǵʣȲа
ʲôܹħɹǵаܹѵģ
ûû˰ɣ
ȻȻħӿؽߣԼħεؿסؽֵؽԴ
ȡɹǣȡħûεǿ󣿡
̲סΪ֮
طѡĺ˵۹⣬֮󡭡а
аֻضԴ򲻹㣬㡭ȴɣֳɹǣΪá
ؽŭţҪƿסԼħȻħԽǿȴؽЩ޲ߡ
Ҫϲ
ħ˺󣬺ȻЦ
ؽʵҲҵ𣿡
ʱؽǰٻݵǧǰǳħ֮սаӡħ֮ٽǰַħŶ顣
Ѫߺޣһ̣˶ڷĿ޺˵ħˣ˵
ʩǰȴһ̴ʩš
ɣħҲں
Ψɽ粻ɽ磬Ҳ޴ڵıҪˡ
ؽ䣬侹ҪǰͬھʩͷųԼȫѾħؽսһš
ʦͽսͲꡣ
ʩľҲֻǿѹסؽʩȫվؽһ
֮ǰؽ֣аĨȥˡ
ӦûʲôҪģؽѾûٸᣬԥȥˡ
ʵǸӣķǧǰѾֶˡ
Ϊ˽аķӡϧ磬ߣֻʣħ塣
Ϊʹļ䣬Լҳϡ
ؽɣս񣿵һЩͷΣͲɣ
Ȼ֮䣬ѰЩĸоǲҲܷ񣿡
ܲ˵ؽŭֱͦͦعڵء
ħû˵ǧÿһֻصļ䣬ţΨڶħʱħնɱʩһΣεطӡ
ؽȻʶħļƻȡ˼䣬Ʊػ۹֮һ⡣
Լħ뽪һзӡħ
ħȴԼΪǿأΪľǵʱöħҺ޷ʧأò뽪ô
ôܴùħħĿ󣬻һȡѹסħѪɹǡ
ʱ
㽪ħѪʴʹӡҲΪ޴޷磽ȥħ϶Ϊħ
תתǧ
һֵң
ΪɱãڳϵĹ֡
һǧꡢһǧ꣬Ҷ
ؽԼ˫֣֪ʱޱȴ۵Ѫ

ܿƵȥµĺˮߣϴ֣Ѫô²ȥ
ħеشؽߣϴ̼ؽؽӹһӣôΣվӲѾõı硣
һһ֪־籾ﶼʲô𣿡
Ƕй籯磡
Ͷ̿һ࣬ˣңأ
ء
ؽͣԼϴֵĶֻ˵Ļǰ˵ģˣڡ
ؽȻЦЦᣬħʶؽʶȻԼĿƣ̵ȫȻòٵ
ٲؽϣҲȻҪħӡǡ
ôܡؽȻվ𣬵ֲˣħһ
ʧأ
л˵


74 
ħ񲻵ò, ˵а;ħͬ츳ؽǺŬɡ
һͷŶһЩתΪħ, ֻħͬſ, ؽѵ£ȻҲܺѾ
ħӡҫؽţȴ˵ûаֵӰ, , بδ֮
ս񡭡ǣ
֮ǰħؽ, ÿԼͷŶ֮, ȥħﱻסĹ桢ת, ħΪؽܲˣѶΪ֮
ϾϹ, δŵ̵ܹĴڡ
ڿؽһ, 
ò˵ħһ, ؽĹ£¶õЦҶ, ҲʼȤˡ
ɲʲô¡ؽɫһ, ֪Լ֮ǰΪ˱, Լ
, Ȼħ, վֻǿ֮ĩ, Ų˶á
ٿħǴߵ, ؽһ, νıȤǶ屶Ȥɡ
ħаȴռ塣
֮ټа㲻
ؽ˾ųɵ޲ֱӽضըˣˣħ
Ҫ׻ٵħЦһһ潣سص׷ɳֱؽȥ
潣Ͼͬʱħ۹Ϣؽʶܿѽ
ֻһ죬˽ؽĿڡ
Ѫ˴ӿؽҲˣ޵³һѪޱ
ħһ˲˵ؽȻãõؽ壬Ҳ
ǱؽȻǰ̲סزŪؽĳոҪ˵ЩʲôͲ潣ֱӲؿڡ
ҡؽħϢѽ㣡
ؽʮɵͬʱմȾ˵۹Ϣ潣ħֻԼħһ̱߽⿪
ؽ֣㲻ڴ˿ħҷҲҪħ
ħͷΪ˴򶷶ٿήٻһƣתͷؽаȡؼ䣬ȴԼĸĹضѰǺ飿
ǵ۹ⶨ֮ذ
ؽĶʶһȻԼոտĻ
ʱ䣬ǵҰ㡿
仰ؽòϣҲǳҪа˵Ļѽ
ħؽʱԼħϧԼֱ飬ֻΪ۳һǿؽ㶵Ŀ϶ܹһ
Ȼħû뵽ǣؽԭÿήٻ潣ǧصĹ
֮ؽֲԼѪ˿ڣעЩѪΣѪοԷɢ߽ħողžۼ
ǺǺǣ㡭桭ϲ
ħĻ϶Ʈؽʶؽ˿΢΢ۣڣػסˡ
Ѿƣ٣ûħ񳹵׵Ļٵٵʹȴĵط
ȥ
Ȼһ룬
ؽű⧲ĳᴩתͷȥű佣ơ
ѽżǿɷ֮ǰħѹħħɽ
ȴû뵽񣬻ᵽƵϡ
ħЦȻΣЦؿؽؽҲڻعζ
ԭħոԼΣװջǰˣΪڻƵϢ١
Ƶű佣һ
ȥȥȥ
ֻҪǿаˣȫȥ
սҲˣ
һ㻹ôаǰ
ؽȻأ㶵ͷһصٻѾܲʹֻ۽⿴Ʒ·𳹵׷һ㣬ϵĳ齣ֽ塣
Ѫŷ紵ٻʢţؽ֣ǻ͸żֹٻйµ͡
̫ˣ̫ˣǰѾʼܿƵķڡԼ˿̻˯ȥ޷ȫסԼǡ
վҪٴΰħ
ؽֹסɥⲻһģʧأء
һ񷣬ɫ֮Ĺ͸ħ磬ֱ˺ħµ󷨣ִħأħɽϨ֮õĵ֮
ҫ۵Ĺǽħֻãƾű佣ҪӲ˭֪Ǳ佣ֱ顣
Ůλھ֮ϣǺ֮ɵǱжϣ໥ž޴צؽħ籼ӿħ˺顣
šǧ֮壬һûѡԹۡ
ؽŮź֪֮ΪΣмЦ
׷׷ħˡ
Ҳ֪ǣ׶ʲôŮᱩⷬء
ˣţŮؽǰؽ佣˵ĵطҡͷ
Ǵǰ˭ܽؽ˳
Ůǰȵؽϣȵؽ˺õĲˣŮ̾˿ȥ
Ȼǽá

ؽ붼û;ܾˡ
ǹȥŮܲټ棬ڣŮһѾ;סؽ죬ӥСһ㽫ؽ
ըһ룬嶼ĳˣ㻹ΪƿһУ
ؽؿűŮһΣˢԼŮ֪
ԭ
Ҳᷢ𰡡
Ůע⵽ؽǲԽƣԭؽУǸ
˵ŮԼĶͷǲǶ壬ʲô⣿
ؽĬûз
ŮЦһһһָؽĿڵܴʱԼҲûʲôؽս񡣡

ˣҡ⻰С˽˵ģ
ڵ㣡
ؽһȴһظЦǰڵ˵ģء
ؽԽЦȴԽɬڣ̲סŮǰȻ£һһںڰ̫ãܼϲǱֻ̫غܽѵĿģǡ̫֮ڣõ˾ꡭ
֮ۡѩ
öԼҪִһķħλá
ôȻ𣿡תͷħһ޺ģ
ħŴһ¡
ɱģװŵĶЩʲôۣ
ʲôͬһ֮䣬Ҳͨ
Ӳ˳̵ľŮŮؽ뽪ܹϵ
ˣ
ħħħĥ¿
ħһƫͷȥһ˼ίģ
Ҳͬ壬㿴ҵ뷨ûɣúĵİħħԽͷķһХӲɽ۵ѩһ롣
ħģΪõ뷨Ҳȷʵû
Ů֮䣬ͬΪһֻͨǡۣҲۣҲۣΪ˶ħ尥
ڡȻŮõңؽǸˣ
ۣǺòһħ
ˣ岻ˡ
õصɽʯһ밡úĺţ
ħһβͣûã
ħҪ۸ĻҰѽõԽˣ
ߡħƫͷȥûã
ħ˵㵱֮Ի壬ҲŮйأ
ħʶԼĶ䣬ݺݵתͷ
ģվһߡûѻ˵ȥȴǺȷıʾԼ̬ȡ
ħºһ㣬ܿ죬ľһСţڽõʶ˯˹ȥ
ˡʶôοħһ䡣
ľħħһͬ˯ܹģԼΪ뵱Ľ
ܰããһƬĸɽһԼ֪̽һûпŵĵطŵټ
ȸһս
ħææ䡢һͬǰ֮ţź֪ײʲô磬䡢ʧǰ
ŷĵһƷҫ۵ĹâħֱԣֻеһҪʱ򣬲Żᷢôҫ۵Ĺ⡣
ҲζţεһΪĳԭ䡣
һ̣òźȻ׹ؽΪ⡣
ŷĵһƣħħĹϲȥ׷ؽŮϹھżȻɨġһͨĻ
ħŮϵǧһ֮ʣؽ
ֻǡŮ˵ڱ佣֮ҲûϢӲ͸Ǳħˡ
Σǽȷȷʵʵħ
ֻǱ˰
ؽ˺صˣʲôҪҰô
ʶŮؽ˵Ļ洫˽õǰ
ÿɵѪУ˿ںƿֲƬƬڻҵؽ̲ס۵ҪȰһȰȻûôǿͲҪȥӲ¡
οΪ¡
ûԼոа壬òһС
ֻЩʱؽδҲ̫С
͸ܴʱԼҲûʲôؽս񡣡
Ů㶣ƺû뵽֮УȻˣؽ
Ⱥϼһ⻰ƵöԼҵļ䣬ָؽ˵
ȻŮһֲ©ĽԴݸؽ󡭡ȤĿؽޱӵĻ档
ò˵һˣŮԼ׬ˡ
ֻħľŮ뽪õϵˣؽҲ̴²ĸŮһƵϢʧˡ
áȥ
һߣ
ȡѩãããȻҲɽ·
ˣи֪ɽпϢĴ䣬ôתתȥɽ֮䣿
ҲͼڵϿļȷԼķλ
Ȼ
˹ǽߣи߽׵Ľ硣
ΨһҵһǣΪھ䣬ⴢĶ㣬Ҳڱš
ɽһȦ󣬽̾ԭؼһطӴ˳һ¯óݣ󡭡˻
ɽѩϳԻõͷԼﵽߵ۷塣
ˣҲ߲ȳΪ
Ա취
Ż磬ܿ죬ǰһīɫۡСѾͷ
ؿŽãȴֺǾ䣬мĶʱʱ͵͵õĻһۡ
ÿҲŽãú󣬽ôӴͳһ˫ӣô
࡭СѾͷĶӷ˽
ǰֺܿ£ԣֲɶԽõľ䡣
㲻ԣȳˡ÷¿ӣԼʼ¯ݣò˵ζȷʵ͵ؽһ䷽ˡ
ԽԽ㣬СѾͷӣ̲סǰڽԱߣǺˣأΪ£
̧ͷСѾͷһۣ˵
СѾͷ
๾࡭ӷĽһ䣺ڱٹȣ
ܳԡ
һЦ˳󷽷ӵݸСѾͷ԰ɣһλоĳԷǿ壬һڸ
СѾͷ͡
ɣܴ뿪ôȷʵҪ𣬵ҲˣҵΪ뿪
֡СѾͷȴ˳ӵĽӹ˽õݸĿӡ
һ߳ԣһ߸߽ãص£ֻбؿס˲ŻĪģǵһμ

СѾͷչʾһסԼĿ֪˽֣档
˻һ룬Ȼɽ´޵ĺС
ȥʲôħ޳û
վסúһʹŽȥɽµĴ䡣
һѶСذ׵ľ潫ע󣬺ܿͷСħޡ
㻹ûбŵɣѪСľ󣬺ǵǵĻͷã
ħħֵĽã
ȫûУС˼
֣ΪŵɣΪμħޣẦ£
ҲűٹȰɣ㶼ɱħ˰ͷһҲš
洹
ƺҲûʲôԣûʲôԣĲԡ
ħ壿ħװɵߣ룬½עеСľ
м¾ͳ·ħô
棺
ֻΪȽϴ
ЦúǱûһֿܣҾͲħأ
棺
벻ףΪβأħޣܽ㳹˺飡ͷѪħʬ壬ħ˺˵Ҳ߰ǧأҪѰӻģǶţë
ۼһߣѾǽˣٿħ޵һ̣ǿ־ıڵأǲ״ʵľ
ڣǰĽã˼꣬飬ȴҪɡ
ǣ㲻Ѿǰôúɻ
סԼ°ͣϸϸ˼һ󣬵óһۣãӦʲô߶ŮǣųСʦá
ҵʱ£ֻбĺܺõˣŻħʱɡ
֮⣬Ŀܡ
Ҳûκο֤Լݵӻֱߴ·
Լ
ǸŲȰ˲ĵġ
˰ɣ
̾˿ŲܵĻôԼ
ˣԺöķϣͺף˼ȥˡ
ιңȥϢĵطɣҡᱣ㡣
֪ԼѾǰСѾͷȷΪ˵ĽãðҸߡ
㶣ЩȻȰһ䣺˱ô
ã
Сʿǲʲôˣ
л˵
ǰľз~


75 
ת, ὪãĬĬʼʰħֳȻ, δʰ, ԶԶؾһȺʿָŹ
ôһҪüħޡ
ɲǣϴκòɱһֻ, ȥʦô˵
ô˵
˵, ̫ˣħ޲ѵ֮ڣǲϡ
˵, Ⱥʿۼ⿴˰, Լڴħʬ, ȻBħޡ
󣬲Լͬ˰, üȴʶֽק, ҽһñ˽õͷ, ס˽õݡ
Ӵ棬ջķ
ǰ, Bħ, ɲǴδζİ
Ҳ벻, , ֻħ͸ʦǼΣ
ǰǰ, аֻħ, Ҿܽһˡ
ΰ
Ʀåһ㽫Χס, üͷ, ǲԸ
ۿĲУ˾Ű˽ÿú⼸õĽͳ｣ĵؼõģǳѧõСľ
潫עСľ˭֪СľΪոѾԽնɱħޣ˿Ҳܲסֱѿ
ŵؿΪСľΧסļ˼״̺ôЦЦ߳棬ǸµȵūۣȻͨնɱħ޵ķʽ뿪¡
Ҫ˵¼ūۣ棬㣬Ҳ˰ɡ
Թ԰ħǿɾͲˡ
ĮضСľż˾ȭƣ׼ýɣֿȭҲҪ⼸˶Կ
̾˿˴䡣
Ǹõ󣬽ùժñ˰ǡ
Ǻˣ
ż˵Ľ䱸밢Ĳ⣬ЦóոҵмĲݣǼѡҪBħޣмݡ
ǲȫ𣿡
¶̰ı飬ȴ䵭ƽѼˣȻõóмݣȻҲǸǵ
Ҫôھòˣʲô׷
򡭡
Цһûаѻ˵ȥ
ġ滰û˵꣬þһס˰졣һ󣬿˰һã˳˽мĲݡ
ĲݰϵãϸʮƷʯһ꣬
˹ȻǸ˰ɣôĶ־͸Ǽ۵ļһ
ûţ˵ڵĻҲʼüǹܴǣʲô
εЦų̯̯֣Ǯƽ⣬ͲҪɱɱ
˽ĵ
δȽ˵ʲôԶͬԼĹ۵㣬ʹ֮࣬ȴBħ޹ǵݵϡ
գһصĺڵɹֻҪǿˣͲ˷Ǯ
òá붼ûͻؾˣǮ׼ֵͦġ
ֻ²ȥħͻƲˣôֻͽ޹
㡭汻ν̬˰죬ֻ֡
㣡
⻰󣬰ߵ÷ɿ죬ʶԼıӣಽظ
ɽµ֣ﳣвͬȼħ޳û
հ˵ȻòϰĹֻħõծ
ʵݣһѡ
ȻҲɽݻˣò˵ĸоá
ȴȥõĻҪõݽȥǮ
۲֮ʱﴫ˺˵ļ
AħޡüãȻ֪ĽãֻԼովͲ÷˸Լһ֡
AħޣֻһˣǿӦԣҪסãֻ㡣
Ҵӣ֮£ץס˽õ֣׼뿪
Ȼȴվԭأ΢΢۾ѿ֣ԳAħ֮ȥ
ιݺһţվ׷Žȥˡ
ԽAħڵĵطȥ¾Խؽڵĳ̶ȣܱݲеϹпܣֻAħѾһɽӵ׷ȴǿػ
Ϊ׷״̬ħޣеֻ»Խÿֲ
һһ׷ŽãһᲱҵ
ħ޿ɲûǮ⻰ųһ΢İᲱϴ
һ̧ͷһɢ޵һɫĹᲱϣӲ֪˺ִݲУֻ߶ţڡС䡭֡
һϲ̲ס

·جߣܱ˺ѣãȻ̧ͷ˿ܣֻԼ£ûǲʹġ
վͷڡ
һ̣᲻ܿƵۿ̫жˣôȺֻ֪أͷҪȥԺھڡ
㡱Сģ
һͷڻɫϮһƿվԭصĽãֱȴΪ޵Ϯ˲Ѫ
ߣֻܰסһСɫǽţòţΪͷAħѾȫ񱩻ˣܣħ
ŵ˵ǰͷħޣѾﵽSı׼
ѣҵþ
㶼Ѿѱˣģ߰潫ԼȭͷϣһƴȫҲҪͷħޣʱĸſ¡
˭֪һ˱ٶȸĳС
ףǽõһʹὣؽѡʱ˵˽ͨٶ㹻죬ࡣ
Ȼһ£õӰԽ鶯ԭأδĽ

侫
ֻΪ׽֮ʵȴһԾߡ
̫ˡŻãһܹݿɽ̻ļһĺ
ϡڡ
ʼᲱϻεԼ߶ȿȥܹħ޴˿ѾֻͷҪΧá
죬𳳣ѵˣȫעὣὣ졣
Ժв֮ǰĽУĸ֪ǰͷħ޵ħѾȻⲢħޱ˵µģǳû˷ֻ
˽õȻҲħ޵Ĵ㣬Ҫ뽪òս
ħڵֻһöֻҪħڵǾͿͷħޡ
ÿ˰һۣȴýס˰Ρ
㣿
£ضŰ޽ҪӲš
ҡ
Ѿȥħ޲̲סϴ󺰣ǸߵСã㽫Ҳ轣ģڻҪǿôһ㡣
ҲСáһۣۼҪħɣҪǰæ
˭֪һѹӹòͼǻ񣬽Σյľ
ŭһһߵħ޵۾ϡ
̵ģͲˣһħħͬ壬ħħܱͷСӸ۸ˣ
ôһ󣬽ȻߣὣԽҫүŭһһ޴Ľ˵ĲӰ쵽Ƭ֡
̹󣬰Žٵ϶ԼһĴָЦޱȲõĽãֻá
ţ
ĿУɽģ
л˵
ʣ˭ǵеĺǧǸʲôõĲ
ƪʽں½~


76 
ᲱϷ֮, ĬĬߵǰȽÿھȶŽһϹ
ҡǸ

֮ǰ̫Դˣ֪µʵ, Խѧ, 
˵ޱ֣أýЩ˼æڰֱʾ, ǰĻ, ڵƻɽдת
˵ڵиæҪεؿһۣ

ɻͷ
ذסҹ, Ż, ǰƷé, ֻõаڳŵסǶǺլ
հԼ˵, ūۣʶסĵط, ҲȽϼª, ϣǿԼ¡
ûܣһƲ, 汻һΧ, Ρѩɽ, Ҫѩɽ, ˾͵ñ
ֹǼªֱǳ˽õ
ѹ, Ʒ, 붼ûѽѽ
Ӵ, Ӵ, Сүסطô
Ȧ
úݺһ˵ĸ첲Цеض˵˵Ͷ˵һ㡭
Ž˵Цʶ˶Щίĵͷ룬ȻֺһֱſŻѵİ档
ιСãСүҺˣҵʯ޲ɡ
ͷģȴǳǳ¶һ˿ЦȻѡ
ã
Ǯķʽһģһġ
ã
̲סֺݺݶ˴֣ʹֻëȮһ⡣
ڵ˺ҹԭΪϢˣ˭֪ԶԶأͼŷСͯ߶
վӭȥóȥϢǱз
ԭսʤAħޣ£Ѿ£ؽʦֵ⼸λСͯǰضս뺯档
˵ֻҪڶսУʤµӣпܰū۵ݡ
ֺ£ȴκεϲãֻ뺯ʾԼȥԼ
תƷéݺ󣬰ȴѵ¶һЦ㲻Ҫȥʦô֮ǰһڿգδšǷࡣ
죬ԭҪʰս뺯һ£룬Ӳһ䣬ûаԼʱ¶
գá˰˳۵ȥͥ
˵ūÿսԼȡĵط
Ϊ˲鷳ǰԼһǱзȥϢ
·÷֣֮ǰǮߵǼʿǲ۵ư档
Ӵⲻħ尢ô˵ʦָȥμµĵӴ䣬㲻ȥɣ
ʵҲɣĻʤˣǶԽʦ˵ҲһΪѡϾ㱾ԵأӲһŽ͵µūۣ񡭡Ӵ
֪˼Сʯͷ˵ʿƨɺݺһΡ
ЩԾתͷȴֽޱָɴ˫ֱͷбۺСǻһȻǱСүɵģСүܲϴ˦ģ
ǳǳһ˿Цȴû뵽Ц䵽⼸۵ʿ˼ֳζ
ǲɷ˵һѾ˰죬Ƶڵء
Ѷս뺯˵ԸƼȥģ¾ˡ
뺯˷Сħϣ硱
˵Ļû˵꣬͹ϵĵֿסˤһʳ
˵һ顣վؿ⼸ˣҲħ塣
Ҫٶ֣סˣΪûȥӤʵİ棬˼ϧ
ħļѾͷҪɱ
ߣǰ´˾֪᲻ᱻֱӶشţ

ΪǿӲ̬ȣ⼸ѡ뿪ȴҲ˰棬Ҫֵشȥ
̾˿֪뵽ʲôЩ㷲ؿá
˭֪ȴֱӵס˰ߣǰȤϻħѪͳѽûϺǾ˵Ļͱɴһߵڵء
Ҳħ壡׵ػһ䣬
ԼˤʹƨɣЩί㡭Сá
ǰһ΢Цס죺˵¡
ˣ΢΢üͷתȥȴ˼ְʹ
ͥصӶ˲٣ת֪ãͿֱȥڵɷɽԲԼϢˡ
ȵǱз󣬸𷢷ūµȵЩԾ
棬ǡѣ
ݽ˶ս뺯صӵͷʦֿɷȥɷɽ
Ϊ𻯵صӽ´˸ʾӦɢޣѰӵĻǲȥɷɽӦȥ
ǡ룬һ˵ʵӦصˣԶֻǲС·ֻAħҲǶǲŵԽܷȥʦִΪ
˵ţ߰ǾAħ޵ʬǽݸ𻯣ⶫ͵·Σ
źۼüͷһֱڰصӿĵطֱʾ԰꣬ĵĵһȡ
Ŷ˵˵ɡ
Aħ޵ʬǺ¶һͰЦİͷתҪ뽪øԼ
öЦЦȴԽȥߣӴͳһֱӵݵǰ
Ͻܣȴس𻯲ע⣬յߣһǵõǡ
棺
ҺڰϺ󣬽òתͷüᣬٶԸ𻯵
ͥȥԽԽԳľɱ
һֱڵȣȵöһһа׵ƺ̶˵ͬͻʳ𻯷ӦһˮؽͷΣװ˽øոմӴͳĴ
Ҳû뵽ԶҰĴٶһصӡ
˿ŵؽ繥Զĵطȥ˹ǰɷһˣʶ˶
㡭ǣ
㣬ʲôΪʲôᱻ˺ħ壬ħѪͳ
ǾΪ£ҶͷһװУһţĻ˻ȭͷ̾ˡ
߶ˣʵڰǷħѪͳһ£Ҷֻ̫֪ؽʦִħСŮ֮ͱ·ţ͵µūۣû뿪°벽Ҳðš
Ϊħģټϵū֮ҲŲʣΪͻҲȽϿ죬أ¾˼
ÿαΪ֮󣬰涼̲һΣʦ·ۿ汻˵ضӶ۸ŻԽԽң˵ħ£ҲŽ
ΪֶȽϺãÿ۸ˣֻڿͷֵһЩˣҪָ˭ѵ˭ء
̹װҴû۸ģԽ˵Խί˫־Ͷ״
ȴЦЦָ𻯸װͨµȵӣôؽɱķ䣬͸ؽӰˡ
Ϊ⣬ԸߵˣҲϸôԭŴ·ͷȥؽɱʣ
Ǻܲң㷴䵽סΪ˵ǻڵ߶޷ѿ⣬ԭϵؽɱķ䣬ҲŶ
˳ŽõĻͷĶ𻯻˻Σɫһ¾Ͳ԰ƺû뵽̶̼Ӻƻֱӵߵ
ۣ˾ʲôţ
ⱲӲ˵ʵǾ±ټɣüûпڵĴ㣬ɴк׼ؽɱӡ
û뵽˻ĸô󣬻ôɴ䣬ɵ˺һ˳̵ľŻקס·һ޿λúлú˵񰡣
ɱ󶪲ããûĺ氡ǶǽʦְҵģбȥӴʦְ
˵һ𻯱ӵˣöݺݵ̧𻯵°ͣһλᣡ˵
𻯸оԼⱲӵù˴ֶڽײˣЩʲô˰˵ħ壬ƫƫõû
ң｣ŵĵӣ˵ȥ͵Ϯؽɱķ䣬ֱѼȥˡ
һޱҵܴʦУͥСʱûѰȫ͸򣬻֪ᴳʲô
֪İˣʣ»Ҫʵģ͵ȥʴʦˣǵʲôˡ
¡һͷȥͥнɫѵ
ǡ˵ʲôǰĽѾûټ𻯼ֱ᣺ҲǵðҽҪۣ
ͷԵĺ꣬ͼһӰԼǰܹһãȻĿ־ͷո𣬾ͱؽʦ鰴ˡ

𻯣ء
ͥãȻŸոԼǰѵĽɫû뵽óֻôᡣ
ǽɫֻʦù𶼲óı񣬾Ȼܵ
ʶ˽øķ棬ȻһɫĶǽɫ䣬֮ࡢ֮ȫЩ䣬ΪҲغߡ
áʲôˣ
棬˽Դʿأɣ׻
ǡʲô
ǡ䣬Ե׻ķ䣿δţ
棬ȻǸħ壬ĺܵ׻
ǽɫУ纮̧ͷȥվھ֮ϵĽʦ飬˷粻ϴǼӵؽ޻ɫ˿Խ䣬η
˳һᣬ˷ŵһڣɡ
ڣһڣ
һڣһеأ
ۣС͵͵ĵһڷ䣿
һ糤գδ֮ͥ˽쵽ߣ⽣Ͳ㽫֮˵ָᴩ
žžžùƣȴЦкηͷվں֮ϵ飺ԭذ
ҵȿˣڽߣѧŽǱ飬ҲЦеһ䣬
ֻһ䣬ˢˢ˺ëʵǡ̫۾ˡ
ԭأû뵽·ɽС㣬Ȼǵһڵӡ
ҲԣΪͣҲֻеһڵĵӣܹˣôǿĽС
˿̰濴ã۶ǳݵСǡ
ͥŽһ˹ͣ˼
ÿ˰һۣߵߣȻȻ֣Ц麮ѣû£ͦ˼ģǣܷȥһˣһҪҪ
Ȼޱֱ壬ס˰֣źۼü
תȴǷԸ˳ٳٲ𻯣ɣôĵӣôù
ȻǷҪŵˣαضȵˣųϻ̳Ͽֵάôš
ʱ򣬽СĶʶⷬԶ׼ˣ֮ȴҲû뽪÷ֱ磬ֻǴŽȥء
ûҲأֻ밢һͬ⡣
ȴڼ䣬Եúִܾ٣ҪǷȴֳٳٲ֪ôڡ
ֲޱ߷Ĵ˸ǷʾⰢҲҪѧѧһ㣬ͳȥˣ£׼ıˣռײռ
Ҳ㣡ཱུ˵仰֪뵽ʲôƲԼͷ
⻹ǵһֽСֲòȥ
ԭ˵죬һٿǽ֮󣬾Ҳޱ
ȥȻһξãŮӻģܴ۾գһ£ǶȤѽ
Ҳ֪ˡʲôԸǸʱѵѿڶ˵ҪǮΪҲԸɣ
ԼĪ˿һ㣬òŴһȭҴҶȥ·ʱѵͣ˽Ų³֣Բ𡣡
ˣҲԽִ
߹˱棬߰棬˵ˣðסһȥݻ
ǡôУ
ôУһ»Ҫæٴȥһ֡Цеͷ
ôҪȥǸطһ뵽ԼᲱϣȫ˵ľͺ޲ԭٸӣԼȥ
֣㶣õͷֻһµȵӣӴŰȥؽѡ
ȵ뿪󣬽ò֣µתͷЩԾ
֮ǰؽӦԵһֵأȥˣԵ꣬ûС
ؽ
龹Ȼ֪ˣֻ֪ؽʦʩ
⣬ⶼⶼ˭ȫϽõ˼·֪ʲôأʩⶼ˭
ü򵥽һһͷͷ̲סһ²һ䡣
ǸʲôطǲǱʲôסˣ
δ䣬ͽʵʵԼһȭðǵıʾò˵ͦʵġ
ˣˣˣˣҪȥһˣԱиׯġ
Ŷʲôׯ
Ǹׯ֣޴塣
ޡϵЦסˣ֡ô죿
л˵
ǰµһ죬ߺ~


77 
Ȼ˰, Ҳû֡ʶãҲбۿ·˵, û, ҲϤУȴ벻ϤԴںδ
ȵѡ˽ɫظ˰, ⷴҲðŽ
Ҫȥ, һ·ƴϣΣ˾µ֡
, Լ޽, ò˵, ˽漫ķ
ȥ·涼գ۵, ȴҲ÷ࡣ
뽪, ˿ƣ֮ɫ, þУԼԶԶȥ
⻹һμôԼ, ҲҪһ, ûȽԼɢȥ, ;ˡ
ò, ʹⷽ, ñ츳
ǵõϰָĽʱ, ǲ, ȴҲ硣

üͷ, ԼƺҪй޴һˣȻõ˼
ǰ治ԶǸׯƺصĽ罫߸ˣ⻰ǶŰ˵ã
Ծյ˽õҲؿ˰档
ֲһԼĺ飬ص˵ͷûǸׯǱҪǶȥ
Ϊʲô
࣡
ã
תͷһãȻģʶͿʼϸ
סŵǰǰ˵һ壬Ϊҹ塣Щʱ򣬻˫һμ
˵ԥһ£룬ǽһк̶ħԽⱣ˫Ҳ̽ܲܽһҪ˵ҹҲвѪУ壬Ҳŵƽ⡣
ƽ⡭üͷʶЩִ仰
ҹ壿
ԣҹ塣
һȥɡ
ͷǰ·ֽ˵ʲôͻʲôļơ
ÿ˰һۣһʱ͵͵ûоáйڹȥļ䣬ǵԺУЩܿƵؿʼģ
磿ȻҲʶһ㡣
ޡ䡢ǳ
ǳ԰޴壬ǵǳȥҽεĲ壬СħСĵħ֮ŵʦԼҲòֵѩĨȥô
˳Ļͷߵͷ߽˵ҹᡣ
ŶǻͦԵܿͷӦ˹Щŵָã˵ڵĻ֧֧ԣǲȥκιĵطǡ
˵仰Զ޴Ϳʼ罵һȼʵĻ潫ճ˰ɫ
ˣħ壡˵仰Ͳɷ˵̤磬޴ȥ
ԭҪһͬȥȻ֪ΪΣȴЩͷһסԼĶͷ
ôˣʶͣԼĲ
Ҳ֪ҡ
һȺ˻ŵƥûĻͷȥڲԶСɽ꣬һȺɫĸߴӿ
ƥϲصİɫģԶԶأƥϴͷ֮˿дżɱ
ѣҪ˴غǣ
ҪˣҪʬ
ġܵԼһʹʶճȭؿڡ
㵽ôˣɫ䣬Ҳý
ҡȻӦãͺһֱͦͦص˵ϣκηӦ
ü״ó˷䣬Ƚô˰档
˵Ⱥƥˣҿˣƺ޴Ѱʲôˡǵ˼ֻҪҵˣһҪɱ
ýüͷ˵ͷԸ棺ȥҪݾߣһ͹ȥ
á
밢󣬽ԭҪĴ䣬ȻΪ޷뵽ռ䡣
ȻĴ漱˰쳣ŭҿôһȺˣȴ׷ɱһСӣȥæ
㡭
ԭҪȰһȰһ뵽תھʹӦֻ棬²Ҫǿо÷ķţ
ǡЩԥԴд֪뵽ʲôûѻ˵ֻһ䣺Ƶɽ㡣һᱨģ
ã
оԼһƬڰУٴλصԸͯ꣬ʲôʱأмأ
Ϊԭ͵ִЩȻҲټǵõ־ʱ׼ꡣ
ֻǵǸŸһУȴ·Ϯߵ˶ɢ˵ˡǲ֪ǻŵйļ϶ǱԭͺҪ֮˵Ķ飬ӴյΪԼҲ
Ų·ܣȴһһŲȿգȵסΪԼҪˣֵǣȻֻ˹˽Щʹྐྵ˿ڡ
һƬĺƶħ֮صĵطԶԶػǺ
¼ˣȴҲͣǱǱ֮Űɱ
ΪĸҲΪͬܵܣûҪ
ֻлţܸ𣬲ܽЩҪˣڽŵס
֪һƬŨصɭ֣òף˲Զһ䣬ֻҪȥ˴ҵһЩԵģԻ
Ȼȥͽ⴦䣬ŰɫݵĵйƺƵڴׯԶСɽꡣ
ѣҪ˴غǣ
ҪˣҪʬ
ҵСӣȥǳأ
ͷޱȲغٲȻΪ֮
һ̣Ȼ׹ȻųΪ˵йķ²ҲֻĸܸܵΪѣλ̤һٲ
ʬףԲ䵽Ⱥ˵С
ֻŲΪȺ̸еĳ룬Ųĸͻʵš
һᣬתͷɽȥܱ߿ޣ߿ޱţĸԲĹ𻨸⣬ʶǳԲˡ
أ飬ԺҵĻлȥ֪ĸ𻨸ⲻҪǣ̫ѳˣճ
лʵܣأԺûǺ«ˣԵŰ㣡
˸ʣʶ̹ףµ̳þǱʶ͵ˣضӵ顣
أһûгԹѼعϡ໹սżҲء
һֱ֧Ӵķңͷֲ֪ʱǺƺƵĵйѾɷ˵ǰ
Сӣ㻹ܣ
ۣһŮۣʮ𡣡
ۿס·ѾһתͷɽԨĺӹȣһԾ¡
ȻĵйһٻͷһɫȻɽдܳһһƺƵͳͳ븹УһʱѪȾƬɽȡ
ǡʲô
Ҫ£ȴԼȶѾŵøʹ
ۼǺɫ޽ֻޣһͷѾŴѪߵǰһƨɾ͵ȥ
ˣչ顭Լʬס
ۣȴԼ˴ӵקűӵһߡ
æֻۣһŮһȺ޴һ
úû
ֻ֣ǰһƬӰԭײޱȵޱѵ߰˷֡ǰ˿Ҳû١
㡭Ҫǰһ˭֪ԭƼ̵ɽ¾ʯȻתΪ룬ɽǰ룺ǰɣ춼Ҫ
תͷԼվµС׹£붼û룬Ҳ׷ȥ


78 
˵ʱʱ, ԼץСӵ֣붼û뽫øķ˳ȥ

˵꣬˾޴Ĺ, Ű͸окü֪ʱƮ, ȥʵݲ˵ᵼʱʱܾͻỻ
ԼصСιȥ˺һԼ·, , ֽʣ²̫ε·һ´ϡ
ò˵ͦ©ġ
СӱɫȵĻסںӹȱ, ǰ鿴, ֻĽһЩ, ط˵Ķأų˿
ڷ, ֻнɫƷʵķ䣬̲ס̾˿, һ߽ƷСӵ, һСӵͷѽ
Ҫ֪óȥķ䣬𶼲õ𡣡
, ־С˵δŽԵ, Щ, ɲ, ȻܱԼЩɫ, , ҲԵ֮ˡ
û, Сѹ, ӵִż㽵ĿɽϵŮ𣿡
ͷƵš
ţԵպ󣬿ɿ޳
˵仰󣬰Ҫ뿪˭֪СӲ֪ȻһѾͼ׼ȷץס½ǡ
һ죬ͷԼԭѾ͵·Խ©˴롣
ȵȣҪȥ
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òԾ˳ǣˡһǸ˵ļһǺǧ˽Լҵ˰档
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ǰ֪Ů𣿻ę́ƣѽƼζɾˡЦпǰϾƹóԼͶ˵ȫұ졣
ȻҪƳӡ󣬾һϾƹ
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ԭ仰ֻΪ˱лԵ˭룬ҲΪ仰潫С޴Աߵɽ
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СʢǺӣð治ԾЩ
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ѧ˵ѧҶЩ߷߲ƽַ߷߲ƽÿ죬ȥø졣
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ţ

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Ʒʯͷһ֣̹ˡ
תߣͷֱסʲôߣûĶˣ
Ϸŵⶫ׿˵гһգһԼõģ


81 
˵ʲôŵһ, ͷҲǲмٴλشһΣԼ˵ģгһգϷûЩ
ͷ˵, һԸŵģ, ʶһ䣺˭ֹѽ
ϸ۾Լа䡣
Ƕμеһ, Ǵӳſʼ, ˵ã˵ãΪ˼ΨһĴ, δ5ͱس
سֵַ7, һ, ʦ˵Ҫش廯Եĵϻ, ĵİ˵, Ժշ
ֻǺ˳ŵ, ȴ֪ԭʼհǱŵʦƣ˲, δζط, ʦɽҪҸ, ʦԻծ, ȡɹ, š
ٺ, аȥħļǻҲ, Ƭհס
ؽ֮ǰ, ʼվԼֻã߾һΣԼûѡ
Ȼڿļ䣬ǿⱻһ
ǳļֵܹѩĨȥļ䣬ǲҲΪ޸Ĺ
ǳǾħĴ̼֮󣬲һԼļ䡣
ڣվҪȡشڷӡĶ
õɫޱ䣬ͷҲ̲סľƺǵ˽һ䣺û°ɣ
ҡҡͷ޺޵ҧҧе˼ʱѹ²ֻͷȤܹˮǷôǮˮҲĳ
ͷʶ̾˿ҡҡͷָ˻ӣһ㲻ģ
Ͼŵӣȫѹȥˮ׹ˡ
ã
¡Ǻˣ
ͷȴһЦţһתͷҲص뿪ˡ
ص֮󣬻ûȽţһһҾΣһǰ棬һ
ϴżΣһ˵ģ
ߣȴԼѾεץסˡ
㣡溰һ̿棺㡭㲻Ҫ

һ㶼ÿˣһü˵ֶ˦ˡ
ȥԼһ˾һ
̲סһ£̫׽ôˣԼͬſ˽á
ֱ뿪󣬰һҪ׷ȥȴۼֿˡ
ͽӣҪʲô
ȥ˵Ǹӡ֮󣬲űģڹȥʣҵľ飬˵ġ
˼ǡ
ȥӡ󣡡˺ܿ϶
ԭҪһ£ǿ˽õϣûټƽϣ뿪ء
رߣüˣ˿ԻԼĻᡣ
סеȥգֻóһۣĨȥ޸аˣܾܿаԼ
о仰˵úãҪƭˣǾͱŰԼһƭ
ԭΪаǸ۸ңֻ޿ڿȴһ׼ƻħӡˡ
ؽļ㷶Χ֮ڡ
аԭͬһˣˣϣôдĸıأ
ûԼΪҵ۹ƴӣǶҪʲôĿģǾһ᲻ֶΣǽԼҲν
ֻԼԼʵжôķ벻顣
۹һӡ
Ϊܣãҵϣթһһ㣬ôܻȥ
̲סʼŻаӰӽΪһ塣
ÿصˮ棬浹ӰģаߣҲ
⻹ǽõһôϸؿаģ㻹ֻǸޢŮΪԽԵüƣĿɰü׵Žãһж
ħ˵ʧ꣬һأһħһħءаΪ֮аڼƻʲô
رߣһҹֱʦ鼱ææ˵ǰ֮磬Ұ˸ʲôΣա
磿
õһʱ뵽˷ӡ󣬵鵣ǵӣȴûʲô˼
̾˿ҡҡͷ֪뵽ʲôּ뿪ˣ˵Ļᶼû
뿪Ҳһʱȥ¡
Ĺ⾰˼
ĺȾƬգҹǽ쳹ʡ
ħڽõʶѽãͬѰͺƣħĴѱǿд򿪡
ħƣ
ħҡҡͷʾ
üû˼ģٻħħѰټȥ˵ߡ
֣Ϊ˶Щ޴İ棬ڼ漣ĳԼǰʶȥ
㣬ˣ
ûͷȥֱϻڲϵ룬һ޴˿ӵ˺󱳣Ѫⸯãʮֲֿ
ֱӳ䣬ɫķϣЩڵħ
ܿ죬һȺ߽ħ޾ɫŷ밢Χס
¶ˣܿʰԼᶨؾĽ
㣬ҿҪ
Ҫᣬ㣬Ϊ˵һڵԵɣġ
ʵΪ˱ҲܵˡҡҲģһΣֵұ
갢ⷬУɸֵĵϣ˿Щµø졣
£ȺΧסǵħȴòȽ
ħͬΪħܸܲ㶨
ԭ׼װħ
ˣͬ˵ǣͬıȡ
ͬΪܴܲԼŮ
ʱħϵ飬ٴηϣħЦ۵úֻᴭħ£ȴò˵ʶħʵһĿѹե
ܲа㣿
ٴδߴħһħǺĳڽǰȴЩħ޲Щħ뿪
һʬħڽõʶȤһϵþһٴ˯
СģҪСģصǧǰģֹħơ
ϷɲȥĽ˯һˡ


82 
ħЩ߽ħ, ˷佫ǵϢأ밢һתƣ˭֪, һֻ˶µħ䳯Űײȥ
һ, 䱻ħײˣУΪе˷ܵħ޷˺˵ļ
״, ҧӭ, ۼֿ죬һûħ޵ưֱۡ
㡭һ, , ۿ˾Ҫȥ, ̽Լ͵ϣס˽
ȻϢķ䱻, ˿̵ڰг֣ٲȻħҡڳֵķ⡣
ħ޳ŽǶ, ϾС, ƣһ, ֻ뵽һ֡
ȴɴ仩ĳŵĽɫ, ǲҪǮһ, ۾գһµӲǽЩɫݳһ, ڰħ޵໥ײ, ޱҫ۵Ĺâ
㡭㡭
ɴ۾ؿڷ籩ĵĽ, һʱ侹Ȼ˵Ͼħ, ǽøӿһЩ

ǡʵĽɫƷʵĻ
ϸܹʦʦͷĴ, ǵãʦһŽɫǱģԼĽˣҲԸŻʲô⡣
ԭĶ䰮ûˣҪʲô
ڣһڲͣĵĻ˵ҲиʮϰƷʯôһرӳȥ˰ɣ
ۣõʲôݣòͲǵһڵĵӣǵһڵһ֮
ҡҡͷΪһڵôôΪҲôͣ𵤶ûС
˼һѾȫأǲ²õݣֻ̾Ϣ
棡Զһ顣
˿ǰɫħ֮Ѫǵĵһ£ҪŰȻء
濴۲Զҹׯʶס֣ȥһҹ塣
ȴһ˿꣬һ˵źãһǿŰߡ
ſңȻ֣վԭء
㶣Ҳ˼ֱ䣺㲻Ҫôԡ
ҹ£ϱжᣬôŨһ˹ȥҲʲôı䡣
ɡ濴Զ⣬޴յһƬ죬Ӷڵ֮Сҹ微ˮˮ٣ҲֻҹĴظûϵҲ٣ҹ١
ħ岻ܣһھôĵط۾Լ뿪
ǹȥѡѾšΪλΪ
ŬֻǸЦ
桭Ȼǰһס˰ļ򣬰ۿЩʪ󣬱ǼҲӺ󣬰ͷʽãԼǲ̫ԣ
һվѾԽǰסļ̶ŽñʾúȰȰ棬ֻͣһСȻñ溰ǽ㣬Ȼ׸ôá
𣿡ôյߣ
ʶ˵ͷ
õѣ㿴ɻԲѣҲصκˣ㰢棬㣬Ƚ𣿡
סˣס˽ãأ
ż⣬ЦеİͷȥһǸͷ㻹ǵ𣿵ʱǶˡ
һĵ˵ͷܿȥЩ˵رʾǸͷԸæĻͲЩħŰˡ
£ȥɽԣε֪ͲԸæأú֣ʣϵǷݸǿǰδ
潫ԼȫĶȡ£˽õ
һݣ
⻰˵꣬Ѿ˹˼ؿãȴֻǶŰָɣǵİ治ԣԡ޵ľʲôԳĥƽеһж޶ԣǺ·ߵʯк𣿡
֮Ϊˣ֮ΪɣΪɣ֮޷֮£ŻᱻΪɰɡ
㡭죬Ҫ粵ʲôȴֻ̾˿ĬĬһ䣺ԺͶˡ
ÿ飬Լ״˿̵ԼУȴֽģĽڴƴʱҲôְЩСᡣ
ȻôȥˣתͷԼ·ʱŷ֣
ʲôΨģ
תȻȻ޴ȥ²ǸͷǲԸ֣Ϊ󲿷ҪѹסǸӡԲ޷֡
Ҫ޴壬սﻹʣµķ䣬ֻƴȫһˣ
ͷųȥħްΧܵĵطͷѾħ޵սнƣֻܵͺŲϺ˵ҹˡ
˽ɫתƷԼתƵǿȥЩҹ˵ϢٽǴ˻ʱýɫȺʧȥĿħޡ
˵Ļ𣿡
ûͷµͷˣһͷѪȴ˻³һ֣ܡ
Ҳܱ֤Щħ޶ܣܸǵȡʱ䣬ԶǸСɽиӡ󣬻иͷӣܵӦþоˡ
ͷ˻ֵСģĽãмšˣǴδǷŵʱǵ
һΪͷҲ쳤Хһ
·ǵǰһᾡǵˣʣµľϣԼŰ죡
ٷϿ࣬жõĽ͡
ķϣϵͱΧסˡ
أͷ˻ŵǶȺԶСɽȥֻҪܵܵþȡ
һʱ䣬ܡħ׷þȫֳǻҡ
һֻħ޳ýòڱһɲǣƾҪҧϽõֱۡ
òŸոջͷͼһͷԽҰ֮ǣһڽħ˺ҧѹڵأϸϸȥǸոǸԽúܲмˡ
׺ݵĿУÿ˸лλ޷˵ı
ҵĺ󱳽㣡û˿ԥͷ˼粢ս
ˮĴӽл˽ŷҪ͵Ϯõ˶ҧڵء
أԭСɽ괦ܵǶԼͬͣˡ
ǻǽɫıƾ죬ɽȼ̫ƬѪȵɱ£ӲΪһ·
ֻýͷƴս
ҹ˿ʼᶨƵطأÿǻȴǳƥ˵ǺǶܰ
ͷǴϢţͷ۹Ӱҹˣο
ˣ
һƶĤĺУҶȣɫĹâ˲䴩͸Ƭ֣ħ޵һγȻֹˡ
ͷǡѵѪУΪ׹ǡ
ذһһҹȺд಻Ǻ¡
ҹš
ƽ⡭ˣ
ԭղûɹǲѵ˶ܸܵһͷǿ޷ݵħޣϮ
ħħòԾ߶һ䣬û뵽ħ绹бǿĹ


83 
ܵǿħ, ȺǷ׷ԴͷȥˣȺս, ֻʹػͷһѻΪ׹ǵͷʬ, ᶨͷħ޵·
ȵȣȻڰ
ǴڶԽõĺøУԭм֮ȺҲֹ, ̧ͷȥ
ڴͬʱ, ע⵽޴岻ԶأѾ·, κ˲ý
ǻڴһ, ǰȥ, Ź¾ͽ
˻զһãȴϸ۾, Ⱥ˾ɱĵĴ㡣
ûͷǣû˳ǵػ, ҹЩĹӻش, ԻʵΪǣơá
Цһ, мǱαӵо, ⳡϿö, ̲ס϶񵽲С
žžž, ù, ˵ע, , Ȼô, һȥҹħޣǴһ㴭ϢʱΣ
ϾҹͷǲŸոʬδ
⡭塭Ͼ
ޣúüһڣøһȺαƿڴֱȺһһ㶵ġ
Сѣǵһڵӣ
ô֮ǰȲݣ˰˸ȣ𲻽ЩգƺǴδϵŵô׺
ܿ죬ִͱԶħ޺дơ
֪뵽ʲôҹдСӵǰһƵ˽õߡ
ʮ߰˸˯ȫ¶ؿá
ȴһסȺҪжϵǡ
ȥȥȡʱ䣬ҵģȥǸСɽ֪꣬ģ
ԶҪԼˣ˵ϣ򶼶Բ˵ͷǣ𣿡
һСȴ㣬һ̣ȫ徹ȻŽõͷǰס
ƻգǲõһֱָòǸ𵤶ûеСŮޣħޣڿ
ûˣȺһӣȺ˽õͼһǴӳСɽӡķȥһᶨؽΪͷǣܡ
ã
üħħڲ
õģ˵ħ飬ǿǣɲҪɡ
ƫƫµˣôأֻȼң׸¡
˵ãϷеƴȫİһΣ֮ͻ˯
ȴЦħȤһ˵ҲáħҲã񲻶ܴ˳˯һΪԼҲҪûˣ
˵׼һֿǿлǣħȵ˵ˣŷӦԼ׻ˡ
ħʶΣͷ˵Ļ׼Լһ֣ǿлǡ
Ϊ˾Ⱥǣ
ħ˵Ǳ˻Ƕݣֻ˵ϾͬһˣаơעһܲˣǧתӡڽõĹɡ
ԽԽŨƫƫû˷䣬˦ԭҪȺ
ͷħޣһħĬĸŽõ΢΢ɢʥɫ΢⡣
䡢ת䣬ڵȥͷħ޵ţȴδϵͷħ޾Ȼֻ۾
ħһ˳һֻ۾ͷħ޵ĺģȻһˣħϵȴŨ
Ǹۺ壡ħ
ۼͷħԼҪһãħһ̣ｪõһ
һ죬õֶ޴ײۣסع鵽⼣߰ͬͭһħ
ħԽµһɲǣͷħƺԽʧȥȤԼ̰Ŀ⣬Ͷ˲ԶϮҹȺ
ע⵽ħ޵ͼһ̣ǰģȴԼСΪĸ˫ȼµļ䡣
ЩӣѴԼҵ۹ӵ˹ȥ붼ʲȴɻ˵ҹĥ񾭡
ȺҹȺʣµЩС¶֪ӣҲֻΪŻħ尸ϵһˣϺСʱһӣҪңΪ˱ԿԱ۸
ֱħޣһŭ𣺡ֱң֣
߾Լ֣ŭҼᶨÿڴﰢ͸Ķ̽ԼģħѪҲ÷
ǴˮҵҪڵħѪ㼸֣
ǿ׼ԼñŬ߶ڵħѪںٻħ
ȴֻöߴһʵ죬Űһɫ£һů˽ãµ棬ƽոö̽Ƶġ
ء
ؽŽþ֣ǳЦţָ˽Ҫ˵ڵĻ
һɳħһؼ䱼ڶؽӰѻΪһ׹⣬˻ŵħսһš
ŵǵ׹⣬Ȼ뵽ħ˵ħĴűǿдˣ򿪵ˣȴħơ
ڿ
ؽ
Ȼϧħս󣬿Խǧ꣬
ؽúȻǵ׹һþԼȫ
ڲǰ÷ǧǰаµĺۼֲµһ̴壬ĺңδԼǰ·˿ֻŹ֪ȡаļ֮᲻볹׵ķ
ûмʱܺķֳԼааʾ߿ź
ڣ˸ЦʵЩ䶼ӦþܵģǼƻһ֡
ܲأ
ڿؽһɲǣĪģõĶˡ
аҲãҲãиˣԸ⴩Խǧ꣬һе㣬˺ֻۡҪϸͻףҲܿ죬ǻǧ
ݼᶨɢ߽еĲ
ǰżбƭʱ򣬲ѾˣģҲֻмᶨǰˡ
벻ͨǾȥж־壬ǾֱսҪˣǾͿ챼Ϯȥǧʱ䣬ľ롣
Σһ̣ᶨֱ֣ǰ
ħޱؽƬˣؽӰԽ̰ϡȴɱ浾񵭵Ц
õǰóؽ˫֣ȴŸؽһӵ
ؽȴĬĬصţڽöͷһǡ
紵õķң̧ۿȥʱؽӰʧɭУƮɢ·δ
ȴԾְؽոĵط
ֻһΣҲһһΡ
ҹ岻ú͸ϵ˽ڵĵطǿú˵ʱȫ¶˾㵵ı顣
¡ǰһȴֱǣȥҹȺǰԼѡͷ𣿡
Ⱥ˵ͷþǣǵ֣һ޴塣
ոյ޴壬һϮµİͷһĳ֣˵˽û
۾ظ߽ãˣˣһͬ޴æ
ŰĿģҲЦ


84 
վڲԶ, źµİǳЦŵĽӵֻһĻôôܰ
˿, Ϊ˱ܵ, ֵ
ǡٵȫڰУӵشŽһע⵽Ϊһū۾ȻҲº, ̾ıʾҪúýһ
תͷȺ߸ϵ, Ȼţ༰һ⣺ɽ̷ŵľƽΪβڣ
㶣Ȼعζ, Ҫ˵Զ, ɲǽɽһ
ȻԴӽɽ, ̷ŵľƽĪʧ٣ɽӽԲ֪١
𿴲ȥ, Լ˸ȴû뵽ô, ܱ, ټѰĽɽ
Ϊʲôƾʲô
кɣ
, Ǿƽ, ǲῴħΪ, ȴֲܡ
ߣһһߣƽʧٵʱ, ûܹص, صûܹ, ôܻ£
һ, Ȼ, ƽʧ٣ǲǻǷ˱˺üϰٸڵʯ
㶣õ̶˼㡭
òڵָԼߵĳ
һ뻹ûȽٿ˵ʲôأǰȺȻҲѹƲסĿ޳ȫ˵Ϊ쵰Ƿ˲ŵծ
ЩҪûǣصҶܱŲȥ
ô֧ءǸľƽɳܹô
ǡǺη
ҩݡһȦһܶһ档
ص׿㶼챻øˣҲǿиɳųӵģⲻ߽̾ã鷢չһܱסؾѾܲˣǶҹ뷨
ǣҲŶȺ뷨
λΪһڵӣһأͶָֻ֮ţִ̽صĵϸԲס
䣬һѹüߣһ
ȻԼǲΪҲ츳һΪŵظǰɾͲ̫ˡ
ҪʲôţͬΪˣȻͶѹ
棡ȻȺһɫӰ˿ʦȥ˰ǰʾ˿̵İ治Ҫԡ
飿ЩţһֱΪ޵ħһʱһСŮޣҲʲô
ڿСŮޣҲСš
һ룬ͱѹ濴ţ佹ȴ޲ߡ
ߣ
˵仰һҹȺĵѹ˻ȺողžԡѪսҹȺȫͬһ㣬˻ȥǵѹŽǵĴߣѹѹΧһƬ
ҹȺǾͼԣֻֽҪҴ߽ǣǾͻس׷ֱӽ
Ǹң
ҩź꣬ǲԶɽСɽ괦ȻһЦ

¶ò£бǣǸͷ桤ծƽɡ
ȻЦЦȴûг֣ò²⣬ӦǸӡƣŻǸͷû뿪
ιȻ֣üȻƽɶˣҲûҪټȥˡ
ҪҪǰٰʮڵծͶǷһ㣡
ظһ㶣ŵʽãƽɼ
ĥߴծҾͲǻˣ
ѹջأظϵı飬ͺһīȫܿһ㣬Žþãһ˵£ææСɽȥ
밢浹ͳһ˱飬۾ؿá
ԭΧǵҹȺǣΣһֻ뽪öһۣ㾮Ȼˡ
Ȼʲô˰һۣȴǴյ˽õߣã׷ʲô֮ǰΪʲôȥǸͷǸͷֶ˵ʲôΪʲô
ͣͣͣЦŴʾʮΪʲôһ㣬֪ڵʲô
һ߿棬һ߸ڵʱȻ˵׼ͣãÿһ춼Ϊһϲ
ȥʱͲڰߣ磬ڸϽж
ֶû˵꣬ǹһܵ˰ߣ·ʰҪҪȥ޴忴ϾǸӲŸովս϶кܶҪæĵط
㣿ûпǰԼעŵ˽õϣ
ȴ΢Цų˻˻֣ȥһ¡
ɡ
Ȱ˵ʲôʦȻس˰Ļڸûأ
ֱһǰ˰ǰ棬˸ʵʵ
˵£ͱȥ
ҪҲæ͸Ҫǲ룬Լȥ˵߰ѰյԼУ㲻һɣΪħʱܣΪܹ֮ս
㡭
߰ɣ˰һ£ؿһۣҪ˵ʲôջʲôû˵ĸ
ƨɣЩŵվԭء
ܿ죬ֱŭ׷ȥ
㵱治֪ոԼʲô𣿡
ҪܣҲҪԼΪΣûʲô¡´أԼ״ˣ
˵Υظ˼棡
ͣ˽Ų̧ͷ飬ؿһ䣺ҵʱ򣬿ǹԼ𣿿ǹΥظ˼𣿡
飺
ȻЦЦ֣ݺһҧ˵Լʵ뷨أأҲգ
˵󣬰ͷصҹȺڵ޴塣
Űĺ󱳴һĿڣĴָ˧
ޱվԭأֻ֪Ӻʱ𣬾޷ٲ͸
СɽµϪȵأ
һھһ⣬Եľƽɣɫ
ոҪŭ䣬ƽɵһǿѹֱס𣺡ϷߣҹиǣǾǵģ
ϾƹҲ£Ϊγٳٲ
˽ܣţ
Ҳ֪ɣڣ˼ǵǽһ
ʯ
ƽɣ
ͲһʱͷСѾͷ·磬Լ¶Լ
ҲϷĲ״ˡ
ԶԶأƽɰĿ۵˲ԶԹһеĽϡ
ҲŲһŵţƽɱ˵ֱ߸Լһھơ
ҡҡͷߵƽǰȺͰָҪǮ𣺡ʯ
ȶСĿ꣺׬ʮڣ


85 
žƽɸɷȥͥʱ, һ϶д˲ǣɽеӭӡ
ɽʦѩŽ˽ɽǰ, , ֻŽ΢΢һͷȥʾ⽪áȽȥ, ˷ǰ, һһ򵱹Īơ
ǣԾͣ˽Ų
ѩźһ߽, ԼԸҪծ, о顣Ȼ˾ƽ, ⽣ɽҪʲô, Լȥͺˡ
Ⱥ׷ծģصģ
һ, һ޲Ǻ޵
ε̾˿, ѩļ̧ͷʾѩÿ, Ⱥ, ҲҪһ, 뽣ɽ
棿ѩȥЩ,
ƽȺַ, ǿζǽɽ, , ȴֿˣ
ѩɷ, ڳĬ˼󣬻ĬĬÿܵǰȥǴ·
ò˵ɽȻ壬еǵһ㲻١
Ǹĺõط
ˣСĽ¡ѩô˵ţƿš
˵ǲƲǶģǡһΪŵǣĶȻһ롣
Žɵ÷׷ױʾôҲؽһôҲɨ޲һ
޲ʲô˶ȥˣʦˣһŵĹ
ѩ˸طŽôһɣŽţҲ˿ںϵɷ᲻ࡣ
Ӵ㿴㿴ϵĻҶ
֩ȿȿȡ
ʶõ䣬ȴóһŵָѩ
ѩбۿ˽һۣʾҲ֪ǽ߿ɶǽɽĽء֮ǰƽڣǶõ˼׿ϲȥ˼Ҳˣ⽣ߣ͸ȥˡ
ɽƵģ˳뻯߳ؽ⽣ǧܶĽصôŬҲ޷һԡ
˻⻨ǮޣߣӦɽľ費𣿡
һùƣ߹Ʊߵͷ
ѩŵһã֪ģǽ˾ƽɵУæ˽ɽһǲ֪ģΪظծġ
Ƕѩѩ۾һգٴ
Ҳûᣬóһֻͼ˾Ҫǽߴ
ѩŽţڽҪ뿪֮ǰѣӲؽɽߣǺɵԼš
ôһ˵ͣ˲ֵĿǡ
ڣ˶Ž˵ʵǹȥƽծʱǾߣӲߣ⽣ɽĽѽǺûȥ
ҪծģҲû취һȺȥߡ
ôһãǸϻͷӰǷµծɲͳծ
Ŷ~˵꣬⿴˿ϵݡ
ǷծǷ˴үҪǮģ治С
ô룬ñɷ˾ƽɣҪƽɰѽߵ·
ʵǱ߾ƽûѩһֵЦ߽ã⽣ߣǽɽһĴС
ƽɾԲ׾Ͱŵƽ򣬿֮ǰȥڽɽ
ǾãڻһǻͦЩ߷߲ƽ
ѩǹʼ磺٣û
žƽһС
ô죿յߣЩǽá
ԭΪƾŽõǱʾծأҲһŬŬ壬ڿǣǮǮûУˣ˲ϣططòҲš
Ѱ
ţõͷֳŽɽҩ԰ȥȻӭӽõģȴһƬͺ˺Ƥҩһɽɽʯء
һվýͣԭ⽣ɽһƬأϾ⽣ɽͦģһƬطԭݿĵط
ԴǷծһƬñεģγˣڣҲͳͺһ̲ģˡ
Ҳ̫ˣͺ˵ĵط̲סҡͷ
ѩȴһ߱һ
ôʲô⣿ûͷѩѩһƬͺ˵طˮҲ𲻸ˣʵʵ˵ʦҪ̻⽣ɽҲӰȫޡ
ⵥдİɣһû׶ҩ԰ߡ󡢱ҩҡЩܱ꣬ҳģȫȥ
ʣµģҲܿһ
ѩ˵ţ߱Žһ˿ĵضˣ߽ãɽҪ˵ģҲ⽣ȻΪɽĵӣҲô
ҪǱ˶򲻹ǡôǷծôʱأ
˵˵˵Įǽɽ˿壬û׶
ǰҿǰҲϰߵˣĲඣ
ҩһ֣Ҳ¶ûӰɴȥߵʱǱӰͦġ
һʱ䣬þҲ֪ǾƽɲһЩǸһЩ
ô㻹ʲôûУ
ѩؿǸ뿪Ͳû͵ƹֺǣȻһͷȴ֣òûߣڰյ鿴
̾˿ɴӵطȥߣһһҸڽ󣺡ʵʦǻծģ
һʼӣҪʦңҲ˵ܲתͷѩ
֪ոôΪʲôר˵İɡƽ˵ҪʣɽɽһʲôˣƫƫʯŲŵĿǶ䵽ֿȭˣһѽˣҲάֲ˶á
˵ЩȭͷҲãҲãܻסԼȴܻסɽһ
ô˵꣬ѩͣԭأͷ
֮Ի伣Ϊǿ뿼ǵɽΪŵжʣ»ǿĵӣô
ʯֲŵĵӣػࡣΪѣݺǶ˲𣿡
ѩԾۿһֻ߽ãƽ뿪ǰ˵ǸʱܾԼǿģʲôƽ飬һȭȥͺá
ôǧ꣬ŷ֣ǲֻˣϾŵСӣɷû취ǣǱծ
ڽɽһûµţǶ˰ɣĸҲˡ
ѩҪ˵ʲô졣
ǣҲ嵽ǰ棬أǷһƨɵծĵơ
ѽⲻǵĴĴ
óӣ滮˼ʣѩ
ΣҲ֪֪ǣǻһ¡
⣬ǣѩɵۣ˳̧̧ͷ֪ʦô꣬ȻȥߣһֱŻծ飬ЩɹӦĲϣȫڽɡ
ڿʼծһϱ
ЩϣȫͣȫҪˡ
СǽɽһЩ׹ĵӣȫл
쿪ʼǵøˣ
л˵


86 
㡭㣿ѩĿ˵, ȻѾûٸɫתɴȥ
ʱ˽õ̽һ䣺, ǣ
·, Ҿ룬ǵծôڵȻոյĽߣȷ, ɽĽ, Ŀǰڶ콣
ȻǺý۸Ҳͣ˵, ؼڻ, ʱ򻹵ùӦԼҵʹ, ɽһ, һȺǮû
һ, , 汻˿ƭˣֲֲῪԴ, 
һ˵, һߵͷ, ɽû, û
ǸͷɽĲ, Ǽġ
ˡ
˵, ͣ˽Ų, ЦſѰҲйɡ
Ϊɶʳ, ѿǣŶԣһæŮˣֻҪһæġ
⵹ֹûҡҡͷɻĿ⡣
治Ҫʦ𣬻㣬һҪһƶ𣿡
£ⲻǰţͲҶ˵ô˰ɡ
ûû˵أͼѾҵɵӣͲûбԴٺٺٵЦ
ˣ㡭ȥˣȥˣδأͲӰ
뿪󣬽תƷȥһ˵̡һһ˷¸ֱէֲ»صصĽɽ
ɽϣѵ֡
ﶼվˣֻнɽĵӣиѶĸ
ԴŶһȺͰԼĿεغ˽õϣΪ֪һ㣬ֱԽǣȥѩߡѩ֯ţɽĵӣȥƬͺͺҩ԰
ѩƺҪ˵ʲôĿ⼱ɨ˸һۺ󣬸˶һʾ⣬Ӿ˽õķԸѩ
ûзѩİţֻǶѩ΢΢һЦתŵһơ
Ȼˣλȥվһվɣ
ﲻݣ⻰һ̾ŵЦһʾԶһˣõþվţ
ԭֻһڵıԹȴԲԼ۾һ޹طǸ𣺡ѵλڽɽĴٳһ𣿡
𣺡
һĽɽѩڽ΢΢һЦǰڵĴңǰȺġأ
λɣѩʮظ˽õһǡ߲ư
ȫ˽˴֮󣬽ȴѩ뿪ˣȥ԰þϲķ֣밢ȻѾȺɽĵĿˣһȺ˽Χ˸ʵʵ
ţص˵ͷ룬δ۷ʲô£û˸ȫˣ
ڣùɵɵֵغ˿ڣȻһʱ˿õĿﶼ˼ֳ羴ɻ
Ҳȥƺֻѩɽ´ֽīַҪȺ֮ǰűԸ飬һһд
һա
Ž⳯ȺһָʾⱻԼָǰ
ԣ㣬ȥҰ񴦵ҿŶ˳ѷĵҲҿɣ
Բ֪õҪʲô£ѩȴѩǵ˵ͷǣֻðɻϵдԼϵֽ
һ
ڽɽӲŷصӭһ䳰ȷֱӱʾҪǻʯͱϹ󹤷򣬻Уƽأ
ƽѾȫȨίиҡý˴ѩΣվţˡ
˵Ҳλֽ
ڽɽǷծôõ£ṩϸɽЩҲһȺѽ
⽣ߵĽۣһѾȻܸһʯ֮Ҫᣬϰܳ¯һɽȻֵֻһʯ
ԹԵӿʼɫԽԽڣ޿̵رʾɽŵĲϣǴӽ쿪ʼǾͲٹӦɽ㶫
ðҾ͵仰أƤӶûգһ£
𣺡
¶ǾƽǲŸôôȥ˸ɴ䣿
Ҫ˵㲻ҪЩǽɽһĵӣҲˣһͻ
ЩӦ˵ֱվ
ȻûȺЦҵϣþͳǿĵعơ
һΪ˫ϲŰ
𣺡
Ĭ˺һȻҪˣǾ͸һˡ
õͷ⺰һ䣺ͽ
ֻһ´ŷصӱһ˽
𣺡
ҿЩЩֱţǲǲȥЩ£Ǹúú㡣
úΣɽǷǵʯֹЩ
㡭ȷ
׼óŷ˿ֽݸصӣҪ꣬ɽӴʯж١
ϽǲãǽɽĽһƷʯļ۸񣬶Ǹļۡ
ŶģǱ˰ɣ
ػһ䣬ͼѩ齹سʹɫ
л˵ޱ飬
ѩ˼ز˲ӣյöߣС߽ãǹȥɽĽʯ
ã
Ǽ۸񶨵һʦͦ˵ģ
ã
ʦ˵ˣǮ֮ǽԵûǮҲͣ
ã
ƽɾһװܼ⣡ɽ£һӺȲ˾ƣԲ˾Ʋˣ
ÿһ治ɫظĶׯ˴ؽɽ߳ƷĽƷʯһѣһֶĲ
ڣѩŵؿá
԰λ󣬽ƷĽһһƷʯһ֣
ңۻǷծȵ֡
ǡǿǿ
˻ȴ¶һǿһĹЦ
ţʯͦɣ
ָָţŲްɣ㣬ﲻݰɣ㣬һ
ôָһȦ֪ΪΣǺյһ
ûһͺ׵سѩĽһûһµİ档
ʯнǲ£ʲô
𣺡
ˣɡӲҵԼϾԭֱģȴǸѡȨ𣿡
𣺡
ǰһһå
ǾͲԼ
һûѻ˵꣬õĽشĲϣ˿ֻ̽ΪµƣȴЩ
ҵⲻҲƽһ𣬰ʵ
Ͼȥˣɾʲô˵ˣ


87 
ɽ, һƬ壬һͷ˿أ·Ĵ졣
㣡
˽, ϡͿصһ, ص̱ŵþҵҵ㻹Ҫѩȥֽ
վŵһ࣬һ˵, һ۵ɹȥ, Ǿֻ졣
Һãÿ˿嵥ƽɵֵЩﹻ
֪˶, òʱ˵ش˸Ƿ, ѩԴ, ѩȥÿŵЩ굽ǷǶǮ
û㣡ۼջ, ۣ
ֱӴյǰ, , Ȼû㣬Ҳζ, ǷծҲػ, Ȼػ, ǻֱɽɣ
㡭𱻽ŵһͨ, ƿ,
Ա, вչȥֽ, ͵˸ض, ʼ
ÿǵ˵ͷ
ѩ죬ʾãƣһһҹأƶЩ
ΣһĲΪ⣺˵һ죬һ꣬ˣҲ
ȥĶѩߣó˻֣ʾ
£
ƽɴֺ˿ھƣһƷʯһѵĽδЩ飬ָŽñʾѾͷҲ̫ûˡ
ãߣʲôԳ𣿡
ƽɣ
չһԼ֫ԡϦ˸ֻҪûеߣͲصı㣬ϺˣͿˣ𣿡
ӵľƽ৵һ¾ͺˣֹһ䣺ԭΪɣܳ⣬СĴ£治ɣܿġ
ЦһŲԶ΢΢طӡҲͬƽһһھơ
ģ㹻
Ⱦƺ˰֮󣬽ðԼļƻȫ̸˾ƽɣƽɰΰѵ꣬Žû˻֡
˵ЩҶѾȫȨίˣҪôԸѩȥ
͵˾ƽɼһ£ǽأţ
ƽ͵ضһԼļԭҪȥȻòĵضֻ̾˿Լͷųȥ
һ󣬾ƽɸ߽ãѽڶʮأѽԭѾţȻҪϴһУѽȥ򣬾ɽԼɡ
Ѿͷħɣ
Ҫǰƽ˽һ䣬صɷһѹħ磬ˣ뱩¶ԼݵĻ߿գѩȥȡΪˡ
ЦЦҲûӦžƽɻ˻־»صĽɽ
ʮպðǵص𣬻ûȽÿأ͸ɸɴظһó˽ۣؽɽһǷڡƷʯծͳһ𣬾Ʒʯ
ʼѩϾƽɵʧٵʱ򣬺˵ãҲʮƷʯɡ
񶼴׹ôˣôǷƷʯ
Ȼһһ˵ѩˣ˵һѩʾǼȥ˺ˡ
˭Ҳ򲻹ѧԼʦʧٱȽˬ
ڰô˵ɨǰһۣصȸȺ˵˻ʾ˵ȷʵѾĺϸˣһһЩСѾЩĨȥˡ
ѩһҪģص͸ѩˣʾծǾ治Ҳԡ
ԣȻǣ÷صӵĻվ΢΢ϹʾǮһһ
ǣаɣˡʮյͣȺɲͣˣ˽ɽԭɵŴ׹ĵӣȺ׼
ˣʾǮԻ󣬽ɽһĵӣȥκһ׹
⣬⵹˼ˣǲծɣ
ǰǰôȥ򹤣ڣ׼𣿡
ûǵĽֻɽϾҪ³ѽ֮ǰ˵һƷʯһѣ񣬿Ըȥ
ûţŰɣ
ÿһȦ΢΢ҪֵҲᱻͬ߰סҲýһš
ҲûΪǣֻǱʾ˵㻰һǮȻ˭ϣǾͲ˵ˡ
ô˵ˣ˲⣬΢΢һЦҪȻǮ˭ǳȥһܾ
𣺡
ŮսթȻҪ䣬
Ϳͣվȴ뿪ȥ˹ͺͺĲҩ԰
ҩ԰һڽɽĦȭƣˣ޲΢Цڵһ仰ǣڣȥȽϰȫ
ʵ¶ʦƽɸʧ٣˭֪ͨҲ˭Ҳ
ҿԨͲһƬδ֪⾰ʺУʺ϶ծ
ǰҪǽ߰᲻ߣܿϣֱӴһ·
ã
ڣǶ֪ǷƷʯýһվȺĲԶ΢΢ͷ
ÿһǸ˵ҪȥԨĽɽӣˣܲ˵ʦʦأ
ʲôѵģҰﰡǰкһܰһʦʦãֻ㰡Ҳǵʦ֣˰òһµӣܲˡ
ݺһ֣ʽãûа취ծ뿴ɽӱɱ˿ûӰֻ˵Ļ쵰
ڽɽһû죬żйʦԭҪο֣ûȴϣˡ
һƬǷϾɥķΧУػش˰⣺У
Ϊ˽ɽһ
ڽɽӣͬѩˣȴԹԵ̨¸ùƣ߹Ļ߸ӣڵţΪ׬Ǯŵġ
ɣǿƷʯ
ǰ¡ĽƷʯ
ѩߵʲôƻ
ûͷѩһۣѩǸˣ
ѩҡҡͷʾȻˣŻ˵ӣҲûϽɽפ˽ɽɽ¡
ðҴϢѾˣǳЦӯӯѩһˮ
²ܣӣضð˹Ļѩսõ˵Ҫȫ̸а棬ҲҪһ
𣿡ѩһͷĿǰļƻ
ȴһŵرʾŰɣ͵ǽɽඡ
ǣǶΪж𣿡
԰ﱤǴڲ˵ģñ߱ѩǵɽһ߿ģһ߿֡
ѩ
һգ¥¸յһ뺯ؽɽ°֮ʿһ֤ͬ߿֮۸ߵá
ʵԼ㲻ܵýȥһţҲǳۣ޺
һʱ䣬´ǽһзò֡
ҹ罪ԣǰŲߵĸ𣬺žͣظ˻뽪۵ģؽɽ󿪽һ¡


88 
ѩŵؿǰɫĸ, ·ȥǸҪծǣԼ֮ǰ뿪ǣڵ, ͬһˡ
ÿŹ, 𣺡ṩĲϣײˣȥһ, ˺Ҳ, ۸ߵð
ңһ˳һ˵, ܼծĻ, , Ҳˡ
ܸĲϰӹѰ, ֪ģԭǽɽӾͱȽϺ, ⲻæ, Ԯô
һϣѩҳڽ, Ҫʲôʲô, ·ǱȾƽɻµĴڡ
賿, ߷߲ƽ뿪, 뿪ǰַ˻, εĽʢ, ˭ҪǸҵ, ǾͲֻؽɽȥ, ССһ˵Źȥ
ûҲǺǹȥ
Ⱥͽ
ѩĬĬͷ죬ǰԼ˵ãΪЩŵж鲻ûô˳
ʱô˵ţ
԰ﱤǴڲ˵ģ
һ뺯ȥⱤݣϡ飡
ߣʵǸߣ
Ǿƽǽɽٹ˰궼ˣĻֶΣ
б۴ѩһۣʾл˵ѩ̶Žúһڡ
ã
ڣҪҲ̽ң
Ҳ㣬Ҹ㣬ΪҷһǸõģװ𣿡
ڽѵضԣ
ã
죬öЪģָŽɽĵӣŹӦˣˣصˮýȡһ֣޸ĳȪء
С̯ˣؼװˣɽѩǶ֣Ҫŷһ
ѩڽ󣬲ס࣬⿴űŵæԼǿغܡ
һж׵֮󣬽ѩȥ˽ɽȪ
ò˵صˮˮʾǺãŽȥһþ͸еԼõ˼Ĳ䡣
뵽Ա߻ţͷˮҲʱ򽣷ɽĵۺš
ȽŷѩɻæµûĻҲݳȥһԡ
û֣ԱߵϷԸ
ѩƨƨ߾˹ôˣ
֪Ҫһʲô𣿡
ѩҡҡͷ
ȥ裬һ治ָȪݣѩɵЦҿɽˣҴˣܲ𣿡
һʱѩĶɵϢҭ˵ˣｪ˵˼仰ѩ״˿̽õͼ
費ΪԼ裬Ϊȥ֮ˣûʲô֮
ѩȥĿյڽԱˣԥ˼ֺ󣬻ǶŽó˵һлл
һЦлʲôѽ
ɽ뽣ɽ˽ɽһ֮󣬾ǲò뿪ǧ꣬ҲǧһҲ棬һᱻɽʦʦǣĺúõء
ӣЩ˼ץץԼüġ
ҡʵҲ֪ôл㡣
ذ˰֣ҪлңһмҪ㡣
ʲôһֱͦ壬͵Ƚ÷Ը
˫ֽ棬˼˺һŸ
֮ļƻýɽһĵӵţһ°ŵȤҪһ鲼£ѼϢİ¥
һɽһĻˣĵˣֻ಻١
ɽĵӣֵǹ׶㰵ѷ
¥ͺһɽѡãһûС
ȥ
꽪õļƻ󣬶̶̲һӣվٲȻѾԼ⡣
Ҷ˼ȷʵʺ
Ļλ֮˲ֶΣּù飬ϣȷʵ˸˷ġ
߽òŵѩǱ߾ͼһӼ˵Źˣ˿Ҫ뽪ǹȥ˵һ˵֮Ľ߿һ¡
ȺˣԾһѩݺݵذڳһҪȥɼ̬ܵסˡ
øѩʵƽʧЩ꣬˽ŵ𶼹ͨˣȷʵ˲СţأҲûٶԽɽ侮ʯ
ڡ
ƲЩ²Ӳ˿ٲƽǶԽ߿ãʱŪЩ۶ӣҪķѵʱ뾫ǲϸġνѷӡǮĽǶӲ㡣
ҡҡͷѩųĬʶѩļЦŹǵǶҪ˽ɽһӵĳ徢ļ⣬ԶԶģ
ôѩѩǰŲų֣ŽþͼϽ¶˼ֲʡ
ţ֮ǰҲɽƽȻϢ뿪أҪɽȫѩżӣôӲ򣬴ѹ˽ɽ£ýɽ벽
ܲˣصĴŽ˽ɽ˭֪ش˽ߵķӡߵļѹɨְǺûӵɨ˽ɽ
Ⱥȥ֮󷢷ͼǿòף˸
ûȥأͱøˡ
Ŵδ⿪ŹȴҪأǡǺξģ
Ƴ˴ͷǸһۣŶˣⲻǽһô
ҲֻڽɽȫӶعʱ򣬻Ҵͷ⽣ɽ֡
û˵ôЦſѩҲĬڽõûκεĶ
ѩƺڵȴǰѻ꣬ڽĹ£Ҳһ߿ָ˽ô˿Ҫŵĸֲԡ
Ȼȵ˶ѻ˵꣬ò͸һһ䣺Σ
˻һǰѸ𶼸סˣ
Ʒʯô׼ǻ̽׳仰
һ˲䣬ը˹þĵԼͷ˿ĸ𳳼ܣա
ÿʱѩ̲סȵƣ泳ܵģĲТӣ
ڣ˭ǣ
ȵûˣֱըԵһ䣺ҪǻǼծɣҲӭ
⻰˲̼˴񾭣һʱ䣬Ǻ޲ðѽøŽǧҪ·
ǣԭҪ̺ôģڲҪ󣬻ʱŽӲˡ
ʵ߰ҲǱƲѡһģѩֱҡͷݼٸһǧ꣬Ҳѧ
ȻǽţҲȷʵˣǽɽҲɲôˡ
ǡ
֮ôأҪλô룬ôұ̬
˵վӦĻᣬֱӴѩ뿪ˡ
ŰɣͷһͿܣŵĿ֣


89 
ɽ߿һ, ɽϵɽ£ﲻ˳ӣ̶ֳ, ǧŴᡣ
Žѩ, վɽɽȥֻࡣ
ôˣҪ˵, ⼸, ׬ʮϰڵƷʯ˰ɣ
Ȼȴҡҡͷĳ˻ְָĿŵվԱߵѩ, ѩ΢΢һЦ, , ڴӲһ
ֻвϵĳɽ׬ǮЧ
ȻҪ̻ɽһ, ǽ߱ƷȻҪݳȥܴﵽЧ
ѩͷͷǵ, һһ㶵ء
ð, ڼ죬ԽԽڵķˣԸе뿪Լµľ, ƺҪڴ˿ݡ
ƫƫֻѩ, ⻹ò
ȥȥȥ, һȥ, Һأ˵žҪ뽪, һ־ܾ, ̧ۿʱ, ȥҰ棿
˵ž, мֵ꣬Ŀѩһۣѩ˫һ̯ʵڵĽڣ̸±˵ҲᣬʦţǶû顣

ã
УİɣҪˣ⻰˵꣬תͷͼҹİ档ѩ۵СۣȴѾߵǰҪһôھͿԸ𰸡
ʶ˽ѩһۣ̱ʾȪݳز֪ȥ
ǰС̣һӦʱ
ȵȣȻûȽѩ뿪͹ϵĽסˡ
һɲǣѩԿһֻۣת
һ֤ң棬ҪΪ£
һ̣ѩۿɼɢϲ˵һǰӵס˰棬䱦һıڻȦȦ
ѩûоã᣿
ÿһһǵȥ㾴ϲƣ㲻֤ܵˣ
ѩЦŴӦϣ
뽣߿СʱôѩѲһɽýøеǣξȻʲô¶ûһزˡ
С̯󡢻԰أǶ𱬵УƷʯˮһ㻩Ľ
ѩߵС̯ǰأŵɽӾͱıֻһ㱨һ죬С̯ӪҵͳƷʯ⽣߻ûء
ȵյֹȥָ÷ü
֮ǰ˵ܵŵĿ֣ǻʲô˼ڡֻݿһֱȥ
ˣһ㣬Ȼһֱȥģѩǰһ潪õɽеʺ
˸طһԽпѩԽԽԼְһвˡ
Ҳãڽɽ˸ڽԱѵᡣ
ȻðЩ´ʣѩ˵ǳİɣ
˵ؽ߼Ľ᲻䲻
ǰƣʮƷʯĵһѽǶпܡ
ɡ˵ԭؽߵĽƷʯ
ӣܲףƷʯ潣ô˵ⳡʢᣬ᲻ǽɽ¼ðĽ̫ˣۣ
ʮƷʯһŶ˰ɣ

С̯۷׷ף÷ʯˮһӿ룬޴ϲýɽӶЩͷתûע⵽ⳡʢ󣬰صΣ
ѩֱۣʾѩ
ףЩծΪβǷ𣿡
ΪܸǸడʢ᲻ǡѩܣĬĬ˵ͷ
ȷʵֻ˶ֻǼӷôյѩߣʾѩȥúһС̯ͨ˵
ܿ죬ѩ΢΢üͷ
վʾѩԼȥһƧһĵط
ҿԤһգ⽣Ľ߼۷ⶥ̳
Ȼ̳Ƕжȣʱ򣬾ͻжŬһѽ䲻顢ս𣬵ʱݸУٵɽ
ѩһŽ΢΢òٴõԶǷݲÿ͸ˡ
ɽӣôԹӲɳЩ׬ǮĹΪʲôΪ˱еǷݴ⣬Ƿݳô
δ֪⿪׬Ǯպᵼ䲻ףǡǻ֮ǰȥŴ׹İ
罪ԣһ߿Ľ̳ɽ٣ҲԶˡ
£ǲߡѩ̲ס̾˿һЦ
ѩ̧ͷãȴɵİοôǽġ
ѩüҪ˵ʲô־òԣ仰զһǾ䵥İοɸ˽ôЩ죬ѩֺôֻ޶˰ο˵ļһ
Ҳʵġڡ
ѵģܱƣѩšпյһ䣬־ãǽõĻҲǲܡ
ǿƣЩ⼸飬һѩ
֮ǰ˵֪ӦڣѩΪɽĴʦ֣ڰ㶼ҪŽɽһ·ȥ
ġҪͼȥٿأʲôʱʲôӵ£ѩһҲҪıһġΪϣů
ѩǳЦӯӯؽãЦú뷲СŮһһЦ䣬ô˾ů밲ġ
ѩ̲סǰס˽ãϧ㲻ؽɽĵӣڵһڡ
߷ǿ⣬ѩ֪ǽҪļѾзѩٵǣŽãȥ˽߿ֳ
ʱֳѾɽ˺µģ͹ͷǰ˴Ļ
ڶ࣬Щý࣬ؽɽߵĽƷʱĻҪá
ѩѾȥ˽ߣһѹɨз󣬻вΪ͵ʿε͵ɽ¡
üó֮ǰ׼ı䣬ŵƽɵҪ뽣ԶһЩʱֻȺдһߺа
ţһɫ뽣ߵѹײʱ䶼
䣬ѩϹر˽ߣʱ䣬ֻȡһѽ
żæŵĳֻȺУǸߺŽֵˣѱɵĲΣߵĺɫã۾ģˡ
˭
òǡħɣ
ʲôħ壿
һЦǰٱ˵ˣΥ³֣ʦ֡
ǸŴϣ޲һ˽ĳŴʦ֡졣


90 
֪ΪҲǧǰ, ȻŽߴῪ˽ţƤ, ˦˦
˿̷ֻа, һаͬʱΧ棺аͲʲôһڵĵ, ŵӷҿԲаٵݡ
û, һνؿ졣
ϸ۾ͬʱδջԼѾͷųȥ, ԵһڵĽɫѾýʵʵ
һڷһ, ҥԲơ
⡭ôܣ
Щܵغ˼, ͬʱŵҲȺ뿪ˡ
ԭ, ŵΪûܲ뵽εĽʢģȴΪ
żȻ, µʱ, һŰȴڲϺаֵˡ
˵аĴò֮ʱŰһҧΪŵӷ, ͺ͵һڳʲôϵ, ؽɽһ
аȷʵܱ, νߴȻҲ˳ȥ
, ŵŰȥ˷Ϣ, صĽɽ
˭֪˾Ȼ˲, ¶Լħ, ƫƫʵаһڵӵ, ͵ʴףŵΨԼմȾϴ£뿪ˡ
ǵһڵĽɫ
ۣҽյǳˡ
ǰ˷һˣ󵽣
˹Ⱥ£ܲĵó˵Ľɫֱķ䣬һ
ǵһڵĵӣܵ˶ĽɫƷʷ䣿
;òʶǰһ󣬾ٽ죺˸ڴ˷
ѩķӦٶҲܿ죬ͬһ㣬һǰһȥ˷ȥ·ֱصĽɽ˵ֻһħˣһȺħ壬ɽһʱ¹

оԼ·ڴ˿̣ױˡ
סĻԼĵ꣬а볤ŵʱﻹȽϲľСѾͷԴżȻʦаʵԭħ֮
ոһյģĿ󣬺ħһ㣬ʴǡ
ơǡŵǿģܵʦ
򣬽ܽеʦգܱؽϳȥ

һûУϵ׷ѰֻǿⳤԼһϯ֮ء
ƫƫħơʦǡѾ߳ȥаҲֻ
ͷȱ׷һ
Ϊʲô
ƾʲô
ѾþԼȫˣƾʲôõģħתʱյʱ򣬻ֻƣ
ƾʲôѾ˹ƣʦȴֻŵԿףǣ
ħϳĵףƲɽ𶯣һʱסãҪɽ⡣
Ȼ첻ϷŹã׺ݵĹֱ彪õţҪɱ˽á
øոõĽɫѾһţüǸô·칥ʱ򣬲֪ӿĽɽӣѾνû˱ڡ
ӡħ壡
ѩһ֪ӿ˴Ľޣ˵볯ŷȥһײħȻ˿·硣
·ɱۣ˲Ҫ׼ԼȫֻҪаһ˶
εؽû󣬰תͷı飬ʶߵ֣࣬Ҳ˽õǰ档
㣿
ʲôȻҲҪġ
ȻһЦһѽҲԼ
㱣ڣұ㣡
ˡ
磡
һ죬ԳܣʶͽԼ˹ȥΧ˼״ҲʼԴԴϽԼɸǰˡ
أɢȥȲ˵Щʲôͱ޴ֽΪɢȥ
״˿֪뵽ʲôʶתͷ˽á
ϾԼʶˣ³Ҳ᲻ܰɣ

ֻ̧ۿۻΪķ죬ޱתȥ
һţƿ˰棬סѩʾԼлҪ뽪һġ
ɽһƬǽС̯ǰ
Ϲȥʱ򣬿ڰ̾ѹ̲סҲžһ¡
ܣΧѡСһɫķĥĥȥ˽õߡ
̧ͷһۣ֪ΪΣ̾˿
Ǹڡĺɫݵ˽õ
ֵĳü
֪ܣڣȥ۸ʱ飬֣ҲǾȡˣһǼǳ𣬴Ӳԭ۸ҵˣҲҪ̫
뽪һһ磬ѩѾ˹ѩੲݡ
ǰԼζȨһߵȨ۷·̶뽪ý˸顣
֮ڣĿɲѽҸ㣬Ҳѹġ
õͷ̾˿ĬĬѺɫֱϡ
ǣô̾ѽ벻ף
ѩȴѾȹϵϣɴߵǰ߽ãǺȫڵŽãһ⳥
̾˿
Ȼζһﰦ̾ΪǳŵĴʦ֣ΪˡʧʯǮ
һ£ʶ˵ͷУڵˣͺڡ
ڰ˵һ磬Ȼˣôѽ
ðԹ̧ͷһۣ³֣Ⱥ𡣡

ѩ
ò˵ɣҲڡ
ѩһһҰŽˣɢظϲСԡ鼮˾̾˿
úѩʳ֪ζ³һ䣺˵һΣǽɽʧʯ
ʧءԱ֮

̾ϢֺܲǸζɴվ߽ѩû£ʧ˵ô
о͡͡Ҫ˰ɣ֮ǰ˵ʱ򡭡Ҳûܹ
˻ųͷһȺ֪ð뽣ɽһĵӣ˲佫˸Χˡ
УܰǰǰȻʧǲ˵㣬ϾʼҲ˵㣬磬һ㣿ɣһоأ
ý˵ʲôһȺ˲æµƺǵĽȫ·֮ǰѩǰҪծĸ𣬴˿̵Ƕ㣬ܲͲ㡣
ȻϲܵǰҲȫˣ׻׬һġ
׬ˣһǣ
׬ˣһΣȻȫͬһ䣬
ǡʧǲඣ
ȫֲԼͬسĬ
״վһ̾ϢһߵˣˣҶͦ׵ġɣһѩȥһˣ͸㡣ߵĽżѣͷаŰɣ
˵ǲˡ
һʱ䣬ϲüңͷĽû⣬ѩ˵ʲôˡ
ǵǡ¶ˡпؿȺ䵭һ䣺ȻⳡϷǰˡ
㣿ѩŻζ
ԭⰦ̾ģݳģ
λѩ밧̾
ܺãڣٹ˰궼ˣĻֶΣ


91 
˸ŵ, ȥ˽ɽأңʼرб, ʧ, ݳأûôӰ졣
һݳͷŸھ֮ϵһϸ⽣ʢԭ, , ̲סЦһҲȥ, ǵȼǹˡ
ûǵ, ʧ֮ǰ, ȺһϤ뿪ˣ֪ħ񡭡ơ
ǧǰʱ, аӦûڵһڰɡ
ĪģþȻҪȥһȥԼؽͷ
ȥ, Ҫһȥһ˵һ, һ۾Ϳ˽õĴ㣬Ҳʾ, ҪȥŴԲ, ҲҪߵһˡ
˭
ѩ, ּһ, ǧ굽׻α仯, ܰѾ˽ɽ, ǧ֮, Ҫٴΰһѩæչ˰档
ݳر, ʱʱֻŪһߵˮأ£ҪǸ¥ȫѩĴ㡣
ԭҲǽüƻеһǷ˳ˮۡ
ȵѩԼѡɽĵڴɽծ֮˾һء
һڲԶ̷ǣǧǰĽ̶ֳֵȣҲǧ
ڽͷһ·˲С⣬˵ͷҸվԺÿһһ棬ȵһǧˣҲҵˡ
ʶסԼĲ
ôˣ
ᣡ

ҡҡͷǰȥһҲ¥ƹ𣬽ħ춯ôҲһڵĵǰȥæ
˭֪һȴǴùͷƹĲûֱӴӲ¥ȥ֮òΧԭǰһħ֮սҪǵһڵĵӣ̷ǣɹˡ
ǧǰȷʵʱֲһ·ŵħ֮¾Ѳʮ𡣡
õͷпǧã嶼ȥټħǲ֪٣ˣڷԣǺ庣̣̫ƽ
㡭ãҪһ衣
ȻøоԼĪһѣΣʶס֮˽Բһ쳣Ϥ֡
һӣ˲ԼϢǵײ̧ȥ˵ϢŽ뿪
ֻǣ˳ǻûãһ뽪סˡ
ǡǺˣ
統£ִ֮ż䣬̧ͷȥʶһɣҲ̫˰ɡ
ӯش䣬ļ͸غɫ˫Ʒ顣
⡭ؽ˰ɣ
ֻǣССؽôԱģӤʣԲҰôôú
أһ룬ߵؽԾüƲͷ֣·סԼ
ģߵСӣѿǣһˣȻһˣ̧ĶŪѪˡ
ò˻
һˣڳôƯô
α۾ؽɽ
ؽɽ
۾ŷ֣ؽҲ̫˰ɡ
ֱǸп
üոǹĪתͷȥ˵㣬̧ۣͿСؽԾҲ㶡
ǧǰִżؽȣ˿̵ؽȥţԹԵģССģ
磬һ
СؽüͷȻͬΪˣΪҪȥԼϢǷͲǡ
Ϊ˶ծһ

ֳһļžȷӦǰһƭĿߺСؽˡ
ĬĬ󣬲ĸúΪԼçײϹһǸ
ǿҪʦСؽɵ裬ֻһۣСؽ̾ͺ£Լ֡һĽһҪȥ͸һģ
˿ڿˮСؽע⵽ˣϵľִٲԽ˼֡
ȣȵȣڴ˵صȵҡСؽ˵žѸ뿪ˡ
ŵÿմԼϵıѪһߴһ²ۣСɾҲ̫ƯЩԺɵÿˡ
˭֪²۵Ļû˵꣬Сؽȥ²֮СؽԽ
Ȫݸ뽪֮СؽͰ͵رʾˣԣϣλҪЦ
ˣ
бۿ˽һۣ̿һСؽ˭ȲߵСѾͷÿ
˵Сؽʾ£Խˣ̧ضŽ˵ǡôһ񣬵ֲر
ŶҲȤ
ûôľǳ˻첻µزµӡؽԼûע⵽˵⻰ʱϵı鵽жᡣ
ܿؽֹͣ⣬׼ʱȥʦҲʩ
һתȻؽһǲиݳأݳرǲкܶһ
ؽ㶣Ȼû뵽ؽɽĵӾȻһڲ̽ô
ɡؽɽ֮ǰδеһڰ
ǡε֪ģ
ٺ٣Ͳ֪ǽɽӵ˰ɣԽѻһףһöľǲ̫ˣѽɽΪծӲͳһݵĺñ˵컨׹
ؼǡСؽı飬񡭡ˣ
԰ǲ֪ǵһǸݳرһôһʱǲǺܺÿ
СؽǳЦŵ˵ͷܿ죬Ŵҡҡͷ
Ҽһ֮¡
Ŷ
³ұ֮ʱӢȲһ֡˵СؽȻվ
ôˣԼĹԱˣСؽıʾˣǰ͹ȥˡ
ڣ϶ȼˣҪˣҪĵ¶Ͷˡ
ǺŮҵģо顣Сؽ뿪һץסСؽСؽȴҡҡͷƿ
ˣҲң͵ԼСؽ˵ţܿˡ
ڽ£ʽãûС
ò˵ǧǰǧؽģһɲ䡣
СʱСˣ˼ֹԣҲСѹԼٴδ
ߣ
ȻüᶨվһҪȥɼܵؼƣǰһ
ڣ׼ȥǶ
ʶƣȻһ仰ǣſƽɣҽҪǸӡ󣡡
ȡԼļ䣬仰û˵

ƽɣ硭ôܾáҹǻֳʲô¹һ㣿
²²
ڣ׼ôſƽɣ
ߺߣûͷаȵعһЦ£ͻûã㲻ļһ


92 
û賿, ˯ԺľƽɾͼһǳЦűһ̳ǣӵơǧǰ쳣ضȾ
ʶ, ƽɾ;, ܣŷַ֣, , ƬɽԽԵù¼
ƽ̲ס̾˿СŮǧǣһˡ
Ӵ, ˣϤĳѾͷ, ƽɵ, ŮûУֻѾͷ
̲ס±۾, ˭֪һۣǼǹǧľԽŨ˼֡
ԭ˵Ⱦ, Ȼ㲻ȤǳѾͷƺҪž, ƽһӾʹӵһԾס˽á
˵˵, ʲô, þأ
ƽɵ˿˼˿̵Լж, , Ҳ˵, ̳ǧ͵˾ƽ
ƽɵ۾̲ס, ֺǺǵؽº, ŷֽþȻҲĶˡ
㣿
оƺβ֣ͬ˵˵Ȼ, ƽɿɲˡ
Ҫ˵ҲͰˣǧϰܵһ̳ĺþƣοϸѾͷƷˡ
㣬˵ɶ°ɣƽʶͰѾһأ˭֪þȻҲǰһ̽ͷȥϻͣĴûɶ£Ⱦơ
ƽɺһþǰһٺһþǰһֱƽɱƵһɽ±ߣۿƽɵĺ󱳶Ҫײɽȥˡ
òһֱӣʾƽɣô᲻ð
᲻ᡭȻ᲻ãƽԭЩԥ
ֱ˵˵᲻ã᲻ѾͷģǼᶨֻҪ˵þͻƵļƣƽɵԥ̾ͳΪ˿϶
һתߡ
ƽû׷ֻµ˿ողϲֵĽǧõԼǰҪһڣ˭֪ǽþȥˡ
ƽһԼץ֮УֻֽǧԼһؿá
ҲǧҺƣһȣ˰ɣ
ô󷽷Ҳó̳ƣƽһ࣬ǶصƷư
Ҳ֪ôӽģȻܸ㵽ô̳ƣҪ֪ȥȥһ̳ͨľƣܱ졣
ѽƽŽãˣһĴָ
Ҳûж໰һƱֱ¶ǣǺȷʲôһ㣬þƽɶ̲סȰñˡ
ô㲻𣿡òͣ£ЩԹ
ƽʽ÷ʲô£ֻһźȾƣһ仰ԡ
ǲѣ벻Ժٺǧ벻Ұ㻹ծǾҺȣ
һ𣬰ѾƽЩˣƽԭҲͲǧһһͣƽҲɴ಻ٿ󷽷óǧһ뽪öԱһһһ¶ǡ
賿ʱ죬ƽڴžöģøˡ
ȡźȡϷ˵Ϸꡭ
ƽ糺죬ô˸Ƿϵߣܿ죬ͳ˽õǰ
ڣţ
˿Ѿ·߲ȵľƽɣٿһȻЩȴĽã̲סٴζԽͶء
ڼСʱǰŽ߲پƣڵģƽɶƻ·硣
ڣдǰǣƽˣû
бۿ̲סٴβһ䣺𣿶ԷϾƹ
¡ϾƹϾƹãôģƵʤȯա
ˣɣҲϲ˭˭ˡٴο˵źľƽɣת޷˵سŷӡȥ
˵Сؽ֮ǰֻǺӡ﾿ӡʲôйһл᲻ᶼаµһ֡
ټСؽ󣬽ȴȻ˲֪ȱʧǲּ䣬ʲô᲻Ҳؽļ䡣

ӡǰֻҪһ֣ӡͻ֪ԼνӡֻѧŹȥӾ￴ŶΣԼע뵽ӡڡ
˸ڴ˷
ȻδȽôӡţؼȻһǿ磬ԭӦѾ͸ľƽɾȻײײǰ
öСѾͷöˣҶķӡ
٣Ʋͷô
ڣһקס˷ľƽɣԼˣľˣ
Ǿƽɰ
סҪ߰
ⲻһקˡ
̳ˣǲоƽɣֱק˻Լǰƽѵһ´ˣ˭֪ԺпȥôǳѾͷ
㡭öСëǡѾͷ
óûסƽɣƽûԼļ䣬ٵˣ
ƽɽԭزˣĵĻᷢʲôʱ򣬾ƽɺȻص̾˿һõüģԼק
ñãα˷ѾĻöϷ򡣡
ƽԭˣһǡˣ
ȻȽٴȥӡƽɾ̾˿ýòòתٴ
Ѿͷ˷ӡ⼸̳ƣǲǾɢﷹˣ
Ϸôõ֮ǰĵ˵ҪϷ׬ʮڵģأ
ҪϷȥˡ
أϷҰԺҪôծ
ò˵һ͵浽ǿ޵˺ѷεʱ򣬵ǻЩĲ̡
Ҳ̾˿Ȼ֪Ǿƽһ֣ǺԾظ߾ƽɣ֮ǰǵЭ鲻ŷӡ͸ı䡣
ɽһ
Ǻ˵Ұ㣡ƽվǾӣոպ޻Ǿﶼһ¡
ã
Ǳƽɰһ֣ľΪԻݳİɣ
˲ǧ
Ϫȵһ죬Ĺֱžȥ˷׷ͷǵصȹɢȥԶԶһǿ
ȵ˵أɽһĵӯ׷ӭȥ
𣡡ѩҪǰֿƵغһɽӿȥƽʺã
뽣ɽһӵļͬžƽɻعأֻǰһѣΣϾƹףֻˣ
ƽػ˽ɽʶתͷŷӡڵϪȵȥȻӡƣҲû˻Ϫȵصɡ
ֻôһ֣Ҳ֪Ѿͷ᲻Եľڡ
ý۾ݾƽɵʱȽɽµɶڡ
վƽɵ˵аԼһַӡ˴˴ҪһԼͱȵȫ临ա
Ƿ񻹽аɾͲһˡ
仰󣬾ƽҡҡͷ뿪ˣȴԾס˽õ֡
ʲôﶼᶨԼ뷨ʶǸڣκεĸı䣡


93 
һƬڰ, һ̾С磬ÿƯ
һޱȵЦɡ۸˼ҡ
ߣ˵ʲô, ΪʲôҪȥ۸, šϲˡ
ʲô֣
ؽʩµĴӡ
ǰһ׹ˡǸ֮ǰССؽɻؿޱǿԼǰСа, Ķŵغ˰벽, ؽаԼؽǡ
ʩµĴ𣿡
а֣Щؽ֪˭𣿡
ؽǳǳһЦ, аĸ, Լʦʦ, ӡ
ôܳôÿأ׻ҪÿЩаؽ˵꣬Ҫȥؽĳ, ؽ㿪ˣаһ⧲ˤڵء
ؽס, аҲס, Ҳ֪а뵽ʲôɴƽ֫, ڵϡ
ؽһ, ׼ȥһа, ͼа͵, һѱסؽƯ, ץˣ
ؽԾ, ȴ, ḧ˸аͷ
ȥħ֮, þöûٻصһڡ
аһһܵħ緽ĵ۹²۵۹飬վʯϣվһʯˡ
ȥȥȥ㶮ʲô۹ǲԼŮ²ԼһѽŮ̽Դ΢΢̾˿
Ư˵ˣŮӶϲҪǵҪȥ׷ף͸ˡСаŬؽĻݵ۹ǰô˵һ䣬
۹鿴ŮĻŮеƯ磬маҪˣǿɾչаˣʱ
ôأǻƯٲûʩ˾أСа˵û죬ģҪõ۹Ͻߣ׷Ư·
۹˼˼ӣҪȰһȰаɣֱаһ䣺Ҷ˵ر׷Ưļƣꡣ
۹飺
ܺãǸ쵰̻Ůⲻȥˣ
˵׷Ư𣿡ۿԼϵҪߣСаȻס˵۹ĳ쳣ǻżֲҪжжؿ۹顣
۾һգһգõ۹鵱˷һԼĴȱʾ׷ϲ׷
ҪǸƯҾܾܰ˰ħԡ
ˮСаͷһ¶ؿ־ĵ۹飬۹Լı飬Լô׷⣬һԶ̸Са
Саıߵͷ
ǴգСаȥؽؽرСаʹս۾Թɣ۽ëģʶҪһڡ
ܿͣԼĶ̾һؽߡ
ؽаĵ΢΢Щ죬Ǳۣаһ
˭֪аһûжؽ֣ȴرİ׺׶֣ؽæ۴Լǰȥסа׼ʲô
аתͷؽգһ۾ףԭƯ磬ոװİ
ؽ
ۣǲǺڴһѽ
ؽ
ðɣ˵ˣϲǷСչ뱣ҵȲˣҪһ㡣
ʡʲôؽʶ˫ֶԾճȭ
аȴͷ˺ܾú󣬺֣صһ䣺δ㲻ɣ
ؽ
˵Ҫ׼ǾǾܾˡ˵СаŰ׺վһڴؿؽ
ؽҲ֪Լôˣܿ͹ʹػһ䣺ޡ
СаĿƣؽԾԼҲһ䣺ʦ˵ʺ޽طҪ顣
ҮǾ˵һлᡣСаĵؽİ׺˳ȥ
󶼲ؽӦֱֱ˵ؽĨȻ󣺡ôڿ𣿡
ؽ
Ⱳӣϱӣ±ӣ±ӣ֮ˣŻһ᲻ԾأҪֻɶһ㣬ɵɵسȥ
֮ؽͶһ紺磬żͷ۵Сβ͡
żؽһڵӿйԼа֮£Щһڵ˵ؽرа
ؽܾãǸˣԼŶԡ
СβͣܶôãõԼǲӦŬһЩĺá
ŮԽˡ
ʯϣ񻹶һʩӰ
۹̲סЦžǳԱ˳ţܵöࡣ飬֪Ӻζȴһ
¶סҲˣȻȻģֺδڣһ˵
ʩ֪۹ԣ˵ԼŮ˵⡣
⣬ʩأħΪβЯֹһ
ħͬ壬ɸѹħѪ
аĵ·־ʹħɲݵĽһĶ⡣
ȥħ磬۹ȴڵһڣΪģҲа
ʦãûϵ㣿ʩе⣬⵱ȻϢšչ˺Ůȥħ磬ôˣȻһϢûС
۹ᵽͲԾħ˸Ҷ
ôҲħħﲻв۵ȥ⣬֮ûиһȥħ磬ҲϵǾ䡮չ˺Ů
ó㣬Ȼ˵ˣ۹鲻òаߣԷһ
ôЩȥˣûٻ۹ҲԽаʲô£۹֪ʵҲΪ֪ʵԽ鼬֡
Ԥ֪ȴ޷⣬õ۹նڶз⣬Լ뿪аа£ûба
ҪҰտӣȥѰѰʦã
۹Ҫҡͷͼħʹһ˵۹ǰʾµţлδصħͽŴ۹顣
۹һùţֶڲչż⾹ǽ֮ǰĽд档
ԭа겷ػһ٣˽ٳħ磬Ż˵ҪΪԼŮɨһеϰ
ѹ˵úޣ۹˼Ҫ
Ҫ̾ȥȥ
ҹ۹аûټһ棬Ͳһеظϸħ磬а֣صиʩϡ
۹һ˵ԼŮ֣ͽаԭ˺ü֣аٳһЩٰħʢ񣬵ʱҪʲô֣аԼȥ
ֽŽţҲԽúˣа£Ů֮
ˣ͸ԼŮʽа
ԴպаоԼΪһʯÿÿĬؿħڵķؽػ
꣬ȥħɺã
氮Ҿ⣬ȥа߷߲ƽػԼ壬ؽʶаҲ
ҶԣⰡؽæа紵ҵ
абۿؽǡ氮
ؽٴˣаȴ˲٣תͷվǿʯ
߰ɣ߰ɣҪȥأ
˵֪һڷĻʲô𣿡


94 
ؽҡҡͷ, аܵ⣬û˵ȴǱıضȥ
һķ²
, ١
ؽа, ֪һĻȴҲԸȥ顣
ϲа, ҪΪķ², ҲáûʲôС
οصһ, һʢŸĻ档
治, Ǿôˮ𣿡ʩг˳, ˮ˵ֻٹô, ָܳһһ
ؽѾоصһʱаˣʩҲо, ˴
ʦ, ۹ħϢ𣿡ؽסа֣ʾûϵ
ʩһ仰Ϣ, û취, ˵Ҫչ˺а, ԼҵаҲ
Ű, , ɻ
ʩݺݵصؽһ, ؽȴΪ֪ģ, ʩؽа뿪, ԼȥأһÿŲȥϡ
û취ǽܰЩȫŲߣаؽӾֵܰͷȥ
ʵʩ˾˻ͦǵġ
Զаһ߿ʩŲһϰڶԼ˫ȶؽ˵ؽսа֡
ɽ̷裬磬ȥ
ð
аôú壬ؽóԴӵ۹ߺոһգſľͷ𽥼ż̷ĸСˣ͸ĽҲԽС
ؽۣȴֲ֪ΰοа
ò׵ȵ˵۹ϢȻûаҴȥ۹һ棬ʩ۹뿪̷ħʧأ뿪ҲΪ¡
аǿʯϣؽ裬ʱʱΧһۣСŲ¡
иҪȲĵ;˾ˣСӵСҲȽϼѺ𡣡
ؽգһԼ۾ȷӦаġСӵָԼ̲סЦ
㻹ѽ
ؽ˵䣬һ룬аؽһ
ǰǺ˵ģǸϵҪˣʯϵôãˣͿˡ
ؽоԼ඼ܿƵһ£ֽаԽ˼֡
ģһһֱߵģһֱ
ؽδԼһ죬Ҳʧԡ
ʩ۹һ߾ʮգаԼҪȥ̷裬̷ħѾҪȥһЩʩ˾˵棬ʯˡ
ؽ̷ǻ⣬ִҪаȥ̷ǡ
ǣʩ˾µĴӰҪˣһڳ˿ô죿
ܳʲô£ؽ˼ֲõԤУ
Ҫ֪а֮ǰδܾԼĸ档
ðɣҰɡаӦĺܿ죬ؽĲȴԽŨ˼֡
ɾǲ¥ؽ߲ŶƹĺҪһ裬ǱͲƺʲôˣײһɲǣȥԼ١
ʱ㣬Ѱŵӣιˣ
ؽʶ׷ȥ
ȴû뵽ƺˣһЩаüۼ·һģ̳ģ߻վһʶꡣ
аǱľ˲٣һȴԾЦ
˵Լؽɽһĵӣ˵ԼΪծȥټ
ءɽ
żȻʩ˵ɽһĶ£ƽծȤ¡
δʲôأ߶߶Ϳʼ˿࣬ؽȴע⵽ǸرаСѾͷ۾ֱء
ʶģؽһ䣬ǲҪȥԼʦ
꣬ؽмֺڣʩڵһڣ¿ɲ֪
ɿ˵ķӦƺǶӸȤһ㡣
ȣȵȣڴ˵صȵҡؽ裬תͷȥ̷Ĳ̯˵ɢ裬ȡһЩɽȪˮ
վСѾͷߵжƯƯĶ̲ס˶֡
һ̣ؽ˲ǰаƯĻ档
Ծؽ֣صǰֹǸ꣬ٿǸÿаСѾͷؽ̲סѿڶԼѾˡ
ԭΪᵽΪֹ˭֪Ǹȴģס˳ôǸСѾͷȣ˭ÿ
ؽͰ͵Ļشôһ񣬵ֲر
ŶۼǸÿаСѾͷȤؽԽˣ
ææͣȻаа⡢ſ첻µز¡
ؽǸСѾͷĿ⣬ܾãԼǰվŵģˣаˡ
ɸոСѾͷҲ˵ˣǽɽһĵӣΪծġ
ǲҪȥʦؽٴһ䣬СѾͷȴһǲиݳأݳرǲкܶһ
ؽɴԼ۾ȴ̲ס˳СѾͷĻ½ӡ
֪СѾͷϹ˶ãؽѾȷˣǰСѾͷа
ǳааʲô£ŵòһַʽ˿̵档
־һ˲ϮؽĿڣؽҪȥаȴǰ֪ӺζаôһʱǲǺܺÿ
ؽڴ񣬲ԾҲԼٶȣִżϵظҼһ֮¡
Ŷ
³ұ֮ʱӢȲһ֡
԰
аϵ׷ʲôҪһȫİ˵ģҵǰСңǲǵݳرһµһ
ƺҪסؽ裬Ѿܲ˵»ص˲¥ߣеԼһ̣жſ־塣
аûڲ¥ؽԼԶԶȥʶа̷ˡ
ؽ뵽˸ոĪײǸؽɽаϵ˵ʱĵĵص㣬ȴ֡û˿ĺۼ
·޶һΡ
а
ؽ̲ס󺰣Ӧģֻпյķ
ؽұ̷ǣ̷ĵطˣֱؽɽȥʱʩ֪Իס
ʦа
ôˣʩ㶣ü󣬴Ȼ˵һڡ
ʦ
վͻˡʩ˵⻰ܿ϶ؽȴ˼ʦȥǶˣΪʲôħʧأʲô£
ؽȸЩӣʦҪа뿪ǵһڡ
Ϊʲô
ʦĵһ뵽Ψһܹİ취ڵһˡ
ʦɣȥӶԸչ˺
ؽʩúܳżֲײƣ룺㣬ˣ
Ϊβܶģѵʦ𣿡
ؽŵҡҡͷʩȴ̾˿ؽļ򣬸ؽаʺ⣬ɸħѪ
ħħˣֻҪҲħͻһֱʧء
յ۹һӣ֮ǰаڣȥټ
ȻˣؽȻҲܸаߡ
а뿪ֻҲΪ׼
ؽоͷβԭҶѾźһе飬ȴ
ʲô˵Ļ;˵˰ɣ
ʩȰؽһԡ
л˵


95 
ʩԤϵǰ, δȵ֪ȥаﱧһѻĻˡ
ʯϣаؽӰڳ΢΢, תͷԼ, аЩ˿ؽϵı飬ֻáƺ
·ҲаԤ֮УаֺһĻ, Ȼؽû, ֻаȥˡ
аͷûлشؽ⡣
ؽһԲаˣаתؽ뿪Ӱ, ䷢ԼȻѾ׷ô, õڿȥ, ŷֲ֪ʱıѾԺ, ޷ȴ
аû׷ȥ
ؽߵͺˣһתʯȥ, аﻹŻվʯ, ֪䲻ͱؽ˸
Ҫ뿪ҡ
ڸ, һĻʲô
ܲһԾɣ
һ, аĪҪһؽ, ȻؽƯغƵ̶, аʶˡ
, Լ, 䲻
ɺܿ, а͵ҡҡͷ
Ͼƹ˵û, ȡһֵĶأȻôǿվӰ쵽
ûѡ
˵ʩ˾׼壬Ǹ֮Ԩ壬˵𣿡аؽļ
ؽԾüͷȴֺܿҡҡͷаɻؽʶֳָȥ
㿴Ƭ𣿡ؽʣаؽָķ΢΢˵ͷ
ڱǶԶĵطȥˣվһܿ㡣
ؽɤӣаĲԾ˼֡
ҪңҪȥҲҵĵطؽа壬ضа
аҲ濴ؽȻһЦʾа취
ʲô취
ҲĵطŰɣ˵ȥǶҾȥǶ
ôСô˵ˣ
аһһˣؽڳĬ˼룬ֿ˲Զߺ¶ģҪаѡһõط
ɽˮů⣬гˣįҲ뿪˼̫Զóž˼ĳ
ϲ˼Сﻹʱȥһ䡣
ؽҵطҵͷǱߵȴԽԽϾħʧʱзħҪǿд򿪵ļ
ڵ˲òа뿪һ죬ؽԼıаİ䣬ٳٲ뿪һڡ
ôһԥתۼ䣬һħ޺УǿʩЩмܡ
ʩΪħ۹Ƿ޷ƿסħ硣
ȻǰַȺУʩ֣ⷢԼʦӰһ߱ħٿסʬһ㣬ʩͷһȥⷴ
ʩײԼʦãȴ뱻͵Ϯɹòصһڡ
ؽһγս⣬ȴҲͲסԼŭеķŭкƬħϡ
Ϊ֮ҡӴˡս񡯵űؽӵС
аȴ֪ΪƢٿһڵӱħ˺аִҪ뿪һڡ
뿪ǰؽа۾֪ôģ뵽ʯ
ؽִĨȥайڵһڵȫ䣬ٿ¶վһطԶԶؿֲɼħǵһڡ
ʱаؽĲ뵣ǣȻš
ĨȥԼļ䣬ȥš
ʱؽа֣ԼһƲŵأаѪؽסа۾
аߣ۵ʱ򣬳ţ¹ޡ
ʦʦ֡ʦ㡭Ƕúõر
˭֪а۾ؽĲԾգգаؽ
Ư磬ҡټô
ôһ仰ؽǧ꣬ÿÿҹλصʱؽںڣΪʲôڲбʱûܵһʱӻаô
ǰɣһΪ̫࣬ٿһۣϣôģȥˡ
ڳŵӣְܰȣʦرаʱʱаţ˿аû
ʦַȻɫģȴҲ档
ʦϲЦʦǸľԴһ¶ᰥӴһ
ʦЩ֣żһ棬żֻԶ
һգʦȴڳֵʧˣǿ˳ŵɽʦ˵ȥ׷ʮպʦŴʦ
֮аһжˣʦٳʦҲʼ
ز񷿣˼䡭
ŭһҪʹؼҵЩеĹؼֻһԼԼذ׹⳯ԼƮ
û뵽һͦģȻǧӵ˽ǮڵصĿ֡һŮ˵˽õĻͷã佱óԼ
һ㡣ƿƻɵΡ
ٺ١аһЦ˿ʲôԾ
ֳƻһץͽץȻһ˲ӿֶĹУֻԼĻǣһϤůӰ
⡭
˳Žõջ䵽ֱ׵ӰѾԺģʱ
Ǵ˿ٴҪȴĴˡ
С˹ñһһɲǣúȻԼΪҪн֡
ԭԭҲǽаģȴΪĸ˫ԼԼ˸֣ǿʮ꣬ʽԼá
ΪģֻǽĸԼ֣ȴ
ȥӦǡԵ۹Թİɡ
ֻôһ֮󣬺˵ٿ⣬﾿ԹһЩźһЩ
֣Ҳ΢΢رһ£ȴغۿ
⽫һԲɢŽķӡ󰴵õϣһ˲䣬ãȡħսǰԼµȫ䡣
ԭڵ۹ħ緵֮ǰаյ׷ݵ¼ͻصһָаĻ
ħ֮ңʼħ
ħΣӲĿǰҲδҵӦ֮ߡ
źʧˣҵŮħĽ٣ҲħĽ١
ʧˣԡ
ӡħΪŮܲΡҺܱǸһУҪе

ȥΣȥħ񣡡ʱаŭģ뵽һԼôδɺò״һΣҪģֻȥӡħ
ЩĺòãûǣǲҪǵչˣЩ׷ݵֻδᡣ
Ƿӡħô
ؽȥ죬ؽ뿪аֱɱȥ£شŵħһҴҡ
ŰǸħôҵҪʲôħ񣬱ҵôб´ңбվǰ׿ں˵Ҷûټˡ
һ˵ҰѾͷԭŮȵȣס֣˭ģ
˵ʱʱ죬аѪ£ħƣֱصĴǿпͨħĴš


96 
ƽ˶ɵ, ʲô
ֻһһ־ֱһµķ
ҪǰСѾͷɹʣһƽСѾͷǰ
СѾͷõĲ, ǡħ
ħͬ, Υ֮£ȻĴ֮ڣ
ħŴ򿪣̼ħħǵ໽̶, ƽԤ, ֻԴ˾֣һʱ侹Ҳ˰Ρ
ֻȺħ, һɫɷȹδѵСѾͷűڵħ޳ǺɫԴͷħŹȥ
߹ƺڱ, Ȼ, СѾͷħԽŨأҲԽ, һֻֻħǰ˺Ҳ𽥴, ǡ
ǸʱҲ֪, ԭ׵͹׷ݵʵħһƵġ
öԼƻϧ
ħ, ҵִħ, Щħħĵʯֱ, ħܹҳɡ
ħҳ, ħͬ, ʱػ߸, ʹ, 򡣡
ʵħ˵Ҳû, 磬ԭӮߵ£겻ӡħ粻óβŻΪҲֵȶ
ֻǡƻǵͳȥ뵽ؽôƯһС磬ܣúȥδأ
аûͬħҰģħҲûзɵͷħ˵Уתͷʼва
ѾħħŵĻ棬ţݲаħͬĹġ
аһ㣬شѹħ粻ó
аҪٿ֮ˣͱںϣؽħɽ֮ϣˣԼˣء
һ룬ǰģҪΣΡ
صģصܳõߣĻ桭
ܳ󣡡а˵Խŭ죬ԼѪħѹڵء
ʱΧһƬǽ壬аƬѪζУħűȥħһɲʶаҪ飬ȴԼħһקͽаק˻
㰢ﶼѱɣ㵱ΪԼܹʤң
һδаǰаųױ⣬һ㣺һ޷ս۽յԼ᲻ᱻħɣħ񶼻硣
ǡӡħ
ħ񵽵жأһƵ׷ݵڣΪԼᱻӡֱӴ󷽷áӡħһΪնħš
ɡ
ħ񲻶аظĻ
аŲԶΡɽǱ˪ı飬ٿ˿ŵױԼ˺ħޣ塢ίѹһʱָĸ纣ˮ˲佫û
аվвʡ
ƾʲôͺһΣûüһеãȻʱ֡
Ҫӡ㣬㲻ܽȫӡҲһҪӡһ֣
ֻǶ̶̵ʮ룬аѾⶨսԡ
ȻѿħĿƷΧǲԶɽϪȥħ֪аҪʲô̸ֻϡ
һʱ䣬ҲϣǴΪ𾪵鷢ˡ
аһѶ̵֪ʹؽԼһ֣Ӳ˳
ҵҰģ
аϴѪǱħɳҪ޼֣ħһʱ䶼Ȼػ
ҰģҪ𣿡
аŮһħ񣬵ͳɳƵɤħԷֱ棬˭ƻһЩ
ȻаݡҰġħջǾ޴ģħûκεĵֿͲܿƵݻǡ
һǣħʶ̼Ҫӡ
аһŭǣصǿǿˣҲһ֮
·ѹ֣ƽȥаߣִڲ̣Ǵ壬ƽԼסа
ȵѪķӡɣаѻʹȥ
ƽǰһ̽̽аıϢȴǲԾҡҡͷ
Уȴ˳ƶΪ·ѵúܡ
ħ˵Ϊ;Ϊ;
Ͼƹأ㽻ˡ
ƽɶԵĻᣬƽƽɣһգ䡣
аʱѾƽɴ֮ۡ
ѩУƽһߺǧһ֣аҲһơ
ĸ㣬ߣɺħһŮ
аĬĬһھƣȴֱᣬǲˬĽµݻظ˾ƽɡ
һỤֲ̊ܲ˭ġ
ϾƹٹңаҲ˳ȥȻźһ䣬Ѫķθӿǿҵʹ༸ֻȥ
ǰϾƹزĿһۣΪȻġ
ħͬ壬ǻһǡ
شһ䣬λ
аĬز˲ǵѪʶߵϾƹһ䣬أ
Ͼƹһھơˡ
ԼأΪһ塣ҲﵽɵĿˣߣߵʱҲ仰ңȴȫңһ˶ζ
аϾƹ˼ĬĬյ¡
ħûȫӡģ㲻ܲˡϾƹ߶߶ԹһЩǼįһЩ
аȻͽͷϾƹļϣлл
ƽɺȾƵֶסˣа͸оԼƽɰһͷ
СѾͷѡ·զ߰
аƽɣƽûлͷаʶЩͷĽԼԴƽɻﹰ˹
ѪծҪħ֡
аԼļƻгڵħѾӡһ֣ʣµһ֣Ԥ⣬ֻܷӡ
㵽ȥãħһٴҵ׵ɡ
ҺѾǡͬͬΪһ塣
а۾̾˿ԣҪ׷ӡסһܻͱȵƭΪԼһʧʱ򡣡
˵а˺ݣҪƭħ񣬾ͱԼһƭҷӡԼҰģһħõҵ壬Ҳᱻһʶܣ
ʱӡ׵öࡣ
Ұġаһ֪ԭҰȻҲؽ
ܿаҡҡͷ߾ƽɣȻĻǱħˣѪУ˫ţҰģȡյʤ
гһգһûҵĻǣ
а˵վ֪뵽ʲô˾ƽһ䣺֪𣿡
һˣȥ
͵͵һܵġ


97 
аȥʱ, ԭƢؽȴһ̣ˡ
Ҫ뿪ҡ
ڸ, һĻʲô
ܲһԾɣ
඼ķ·Ҫֹͣ, һֵԱȴʼӿаͷ
䲻
ħ壬ħ塭
Ϊ㣬Ѿ, ѵ㻹ҪؽҲһΪ
޴Ŀ־, һ˲䣬߬а࣬޷
а˲˹, δ·ֻһ, ˭ȥָ
, ҲֻΪһ
ܹƭħˣֻ, Լһƭ
ǲ, Ա, ίô
ûйϵ̵, ̵ħҵ, ΪԼʤȯ, һ, Ż̵Ŀʼ
аЦŴؽ, ˵ԼҪȥһ, ؽرס, , Ҫ뿪ԼҪȥҲĵط
һɲǣаЦűʾа취ĵطؽ
ؽ˵ʲôаһһȥ˵۹飬ʱΪʧȥӵĵ۹飬Ҳκη绪ʱİ
ȡ֮ģһƬߵš
аؿŵ۹飬۹Ҳа֪˶ãаһ֪۹׼һȥˣסҲˡ
һԼůǲ꣬ħؽȥȡ
㣿۹סˣ
ȻԼҲùΪʲôҪԼĻ˲𣿡
ȡҵĻǣûбħȾָůҲܸοĵġ
ҲǡҶĲ˰ɣ
аϾҪħ񾡿ҵͱͣ˼䣬ȥ֮֮Ԩ
һʱħĹƣҲ۹İţˮһ㵽֮⡣
ȻһжѾˣΪ˸ԼǧΪ
Ҳòһ
ؽҪԼõһ
޷ӮħǻᱻԶħӡһ
ܹʤȡԼǵĲ֣Ҳüͷ
ȻŭˣѡӴٲһԼĵ£Ҳᡭκεź
ڵĻѾڡҪϻȡȡаݾܾ
һ㰢۹
ȻаһڲԵĻȴõ۹鳹˳Ĭ
ѡ׷Ұȥʱ򣬾Ѿ㲻Ұˡδ·ҵԼһߡ
һļž˵۹аϣ˲֪ض˶ã۹ؿЦһ
ߵаߣٴаûУа۾û˿ԥ
ˣ۹ǿȡаֵĻǡ
ССأůһŻǾۼаУ۹аٴǰһаִ˿̵ԼѾ
۹쳤̾һаҪħûǣħͱ취ħħ֮ٴ
õʱа׼뿪һǰ֮Ԩʱ
㡭ټһ㰢𣿡۹ʵ쳣С
аսԼﱻȡ꣬Ĭص˵ͷ۹аӹĻǺûٶʲôת뿪ˡ
а̧ͷŵ۹뿪Ӱ֪ʱĵ۹龿ʲô
֮󡭡δ
º󣬵ʩȷģа뿪һڵӡ
һգħħϮаڿˣбħɺİ޹⣬һ߲ᶯż
аܵŭ𣬵ʱʲôˡ
ֻħٿ⣬ʩˣؽսħһƽ֣˳аص˵һڡ
ģҲκ˺㡣
ڣġ
ؽ˫ֱаѾȡǵаĬĬָؽգŬһĵЦȴ֮ʼϱؽһڡ
ֻҪ뿪һڣһڵӾͲˡ
ôô룿
Ϊʲôô룿
㡭
뿪ɡ
ºؽĬŽ˵һڣ͵һΪŵСţ˵һУΪġ
ڳţаҲȻؽһĨȥ顣ֻڳױĨȥ֮ǰаؽؽ׼һȲ˵ؽԼȥҡ
Ҫ̫ҲǻŪŶ
ħаĶҪ죬δʮ꣬ѾɲӰаԭؽĨȥĲ֣Ҳħһļ䡣
ħҪаҪа׵ľҪаǧָԹرȸȥħ硣

Щ㣬۸㣬Ҫȡŵ
ֻҪںϣǡĻǣΪλǣ
ħԭΪֻҪûصѹµͿȫɵаⲻ֪Ǳа˰һ
ħŭ֮£аɹǡ
ħѪаڱ֮ʱ޴ʹа˶ݵĻ㱣Ҳһ̵ʧħҵһؼؽ
ħʼȰ˵аȥؽǡؽҲ˹ħòϴ̼аڲԵضؽ˵ֵĻ
ؽ𵽲ѵģڣаһҪѰȥԼǵͷ
ħϲֹ˳аħ磬ϲٿаħڷҡ
Ȼ㽫ħħ綼˸飬ħȴҲûԸҵаȥĻǡ
аԼҲ֪۹ߵĻǣη
ħôһȦò̾۹һ֣Ǵһֲ
ˣħ񲻵òЭ޷ȫаںϣȥǵаҲǿǿ
ƫƫʱؽˣؽһظааؼҵģԼȫȡаƽ
ֻҪаԸߡ
ħҪһа־ٿаҪɱؽȴԼʶȻѾа
ʶջᱻɵģԼħʼǿжɱа
ھ޴ɺħѪУյĻ泹аһǰѹаɼħͬһݶľϲаϣ̼аʶ
ЩˣǶ㡭
ںϰɣֻҪ㣬ңΪһ壬磬㲻ٻκˣҶָֻţ
ħŶа˵仰ͲԼѾа
а۾һ̣ޱȵķŭȴޱȵƽ
ӡ
ѪΪģΪգһҹŵôģаڴñħ񳹵׷ӡ
ֻԽǸ߸ߵķӡаˣؽ۽µ쳣ᡣ
ԼؽУССģޱůģԼĻǡ
һ̣аȻʶǵ۹ôҲԼħ˼̫ǳƻǣԭѱؽϣص
ԭѾҵůǲ֣ȴ޷˵ħҪһ
ãؽħˣ


98 
˷ľ, ɼҵĴаһŭŵ, ħѪͷų޴
ӷӡ, ѳƲ͵Ļǡ
εؽߣҪοؽһʱؽ, ѾȫܲĴڡ
ʩ, һлһˡڽöߣƲ͵Ļ¡
ʩаĻǣؽȴȻħ, ǿ󱯷ߵʩϵаĻ, а˵ԶɼҵӴС
Ϊʲôħؽ, ħǿ
ʩ, ȴȻʶ½аĻǽκУס
Զ, ؽ, ԼΪûЩӻа
ǿħ綼𶯲ѣʩȴȵķ, Ѿħ, ؽСĵػԼ, а, СС, ůһǡ
Ҳһ, ʩ˾
, ðٴνа͵ؽ, ˵绹һֹؽħֻаɡ
ʩóԼʮֵܲ˳嵽ؽߣѾؽĳعᴩţʩҲˡ
ħؽ۵ȫǾڡ
ʩסؽ֣Ҫؽһȴؽƽغƶݵ̨۰Ļ
ɣħҲں
Ψɽ粻ɽ磬Ҳ޴ڵıҪˡ
ʩһ߻аĻǣһߴؽ󳷡
أʩǿ֮£ħؽӸոյķŭ΢΢ѹ
ȻʩΪԼֹܹһеʱ򣬲֪Ʈٴμŭ
̫ˣŮѡޣȡɹǣ绹֪Ҫ޹֮˵
ؽеķŭȥˣµޱȵľ뱯
ڵأͷʩ
ʦɽ磬Ӵδãﾹ˰࣡
ȥһֱΪ֮£ħϾν֮Դ󰮶ˣν֮
˿е񣬽Կɱݡ
ħɣѪΪķӡħˣң
ʩۣ֪ؽħɢԼΪ޷ֹؽ
ʩʶ˲Զոձаþȫӡסħ̾аû뵽ؽħ񱻷ӡôʱڣΪһħ
ħֻһ֮䡣
ʩԼԶԶͷųȥӵԽ˼֣˵ʦͽսͲꡣ
ʩŭؽֻ߶ɵͽӴʦһʼԸаӮ
ֻɽ磬Ҳؽԣѱħ͸ͬһɸӣΪΪħôãףǱħ״ˡ
Ʋʩ۾һọ́Ҫķѵʱ뾫Զơ
ϾԼҿųͽֶŮ
ѹסؽħؽȫ֮ʩԼĨȥа
סؽؽüģѾħӡǡ
ʲôʱеģ
ʩܿԼᱻؽնڽ£Ǵ˿뿪ܻ
ʩߣеĺƵһؽʱһʱģ
ůֳ
ؽڵؽǾȲаġ
Ϊһа䣬ǿ̹ǵĿ־ԱѪ⣬ͳˣҲһ
ħ׼е㣬ü䣬аֻٴαƿУ
ħ۹飬ҵʦ⣬һʼǾִħĵ
ǰҪסʲôʱʦȻаӮ
ʩˣȴؽڣת˵ĳ֡
еһ˵ĵУסΨмΪʦһݣϷ۹УҲϷΪһ¡
סֻһλᣬа´ɽ硣
䵽Ȼֹ
Ĳֻأ·ӡһײ٣ʼһ֡
㻹ǵ㵱ļƻʲô𣿡Լλ꣬
ƻǺΣȴҲһݶؽʹθУ˽õ塣
аɣʣµģͽˣ
Ȼѣ˵ЩʲôǵĸλĲʸý͵һ˹ȥ
ڰУøܵԼ۹ȡƻǣʵûѳȥתؽߡ
ּ֤ؽԼ뿪ʱǻħ磬һڵһֲħ
ؽҲ˶ĲħΪһıס
һΣɼôΪ֮
ã
ֻػغǰɣ
ôŰ治ķ
ԭΪڵٴλԣҴҵҪȥҾƽɹ˭֪ûأͱһϤק˻ȥ
㣿
ƲԾĽãһʱ侹Ǿȵصɴ۾
~
ȴɵкʶ˿ڿˮ֪˵Щʲô
Ц¸ԼڲҪٺаѾһȥʽˣڣ֣á
Ȼ䣬뵽֮ǰƽԼ˵ĻǷ񻹽аɾͲһˡ
ǸʱͼᶨԼ뷨ʲôڣڿ
㡭ʶǸˣ𣿡
úȻЦһļ򣬽ԼȥһԸ
ڡҪȥҾƽһˣ
ӽûֲζʶҪڽõߣȴֹסжԸѩһкøոսİ¥
δ˵ϴó
ƽڵĽɽǰһԤϵûȫӶǲ˽ɽ
һҲûпžƽɾͰһݡ
лǰǾƽڷӡǰôãԼӡħҰġǵĲ֣ôͱ롣
ħ񱻷ӡסһ֣Ҳʹɢ
Ҫ˵һб仯Դͷúúøлһƽɡ
ƽɵͷûƴǡ
߽ãԼ֮󣬱ϵһƽϯ磬Ϊ˷ֹسκε⣬⽫ƬɽǱԨһ㣬뵽֮⡣
Ҳۿôǧ꣬ò˵ؽ־泬˵
ôȥĬƽȴЦЦֽԼע뽪õĶͷ
ŴħܴʱҲˣʲô㣿
г𱨳ԩԩȻʱ䲻࣬ǧǰһҲӰ쵽ǧȻýһаźá
룬ֲԾüͷؽܲãǧҿɲٴνµֻء
Կ쵶ն飬ħħԴнضϡħ͸ȻҲᱻ
ö˶٣ֿ˾ƽɣ˼ֳɡ
ԡѾˣħ͸Դͷˣ𣿡


99 
ƽɳ̾˿, ۾˳ŽõĻͷ˵ħ͸ɽĸԴأ
ؾҹ壬Ҫȫƿҹ忪ʼħͲ, þòɢ, òġ
ƽӿذգһ֣Զܵٻ, ɵС
ƽҲѵô˼ɷ, ȴھƽҪתȥʱ˾ƽɵǰ
ƽɻؿãȴҡҡͷʾ, ɱֹɱ, ħԸüĳ档
Թɢ, ħ
ҪΣƽɲ⣬
ͷɽ۳Ļѩ, תͷ߾ƽɣ, , ؽбҪ
Ȼ, Ҫܴе, Ǹ, ֶΪ
ʱٻѩ, ߴ, ؿֻһ, ˶, ħټ, ǵϱ泡ġ
ƽüͷԲ⽪׼ʲô
Ȼѩ糾͵ظϻܿ죬ƽɾʶѩİ¥岼ССڸų֮С
˵ħ͸ǷʤЩ¥ǿħһսơ
ڹƻһϣħռϷ硣
ڵǲģסذɣ
ƽɻü
ߴٿϢųȥ󣬺ܿ죬æŹҪٷһ
ϴεɧңͷǲҪɽȽϺá
òŲæһڲ裬Цʽ𣺡ˣʢᣬýͷ
ȻǴϲһȴᵽɽĲ󣬲Ҳ塢ҩȻҩ塢ѱ԰Ȼ޷塭
һ˵ȥԼ̸ǵʲôôûУͶŽ÷Ҫֽɽոմ걸Ȫء
Ŷ΢΢һЦͷ˽֣Ϊʲô
㶣ȴܸɴľᡣǼھƽ뿪󣬾侮ʯŵǿһ˵˳
ԭ˵꣬Խ棬ɱԽŨ
ڣڽԭʹѽߣֻǳƲ˽ߴ󣬲Ըȥħ񹴽ᡣ
һ죬Ľ뽪õŲߣȻģǾƽɵĽѾֱָüġ
ԼƴƽɣתӣȴֽɽĴ֪ʱ·ӡ
磬ʱʶڡ
ûشλߵǰħ磬Ϲſٵ֮ʱ㲻ħšλħĹƻ΢Сȡħŵ͸ʵľ
ɽħλڽʢٿ֮ʣħħǣãҳЩ걻ħ͸˵š
ħظ죬ǲǡصʱʱħô
ô꣬Ǵδҵħ䣬ΪⱦѾһû䡣
񣬾ȻھƽɵС
Ҳζšƽɣµ
ȽΪҵħƽ׼˽õǰ
߰ɣƽֻ˽ö̶֣üҪ˵ʲôʱ򣬾ƽɺȻ߽ãҪ飬Ѿ㹻ˡ
ʣµ£ԼҪȥԵġ
Щ꣬ڷӡע̫ټ֮ǰʱǷϡ벻ϵ
ס£ôҲӦ
䣬þͱƽĴؽɽת˳ȥ£ɽĵӣѩĬĵȺ
ó֣ѩĬĬҡҡͷȥԼߵǰ㱨
ŽɽӶ켣ŵ¥ѾˣֻһҪʲô
û𵱳ɽƬָ˵ħɼʶһ
ܿ죬þ͵ԼѩһνߴٿҪ£ǾЩħ͸š
Ϊֹûܹ˵ħ񵽵͸˶ٸţһδ֪ս
Ҳһòеս
ɽ޴ĺܿ죬ħ£￴һۣʾѩǿȥˡ
ҲڽɽӵĶУԭŰһȥˡ
ڣ
ǵʱ䲻ˣѩ¥㻹Ҫʱ䣿
ɫȥϸ֮Խñһ塣
õͷһļ򣺡ȥ
ؿãûȲĺãأҪȥʲô
г𱨳ԩԩбۿһۣٲֱת䣬ȥԶĹ⡣
ţƺ㵽Լһ٣˵ӵȺ⡣
õĵҲֱӾͶŽ˴
ѣŵĽѣҪŷӡ֮ڷɶɽ١
ȹ˵ʲôһħ˹ħ˲ס
˵һߣŹŵΪħĿʳ¶ħƵģ
ڣдҲħƻ󣬴˿磬ŵһЩµԴ˾֣֪롣
÷佫Щŵĵӱö̽Լơ
ħѪױȵջһʱ侹ǿס˹ڴӵǡ
ؽɽߴᣬħţΪǶ
Ȼź󣬵ȵѹãѲӰ
˼ȥŵһæؽɽߴٰ֮ʱҴħѱ򿪵ʵͬԸء
Ŷšؽɽǡ
սŵϺŵʣ棿ˣϻħµӡǡȹأȵϵŲʱ
㲻Ϊ룬ҲҪΪԼһ밡
̸ܿʹɽ硣
ʱɽۣߵľƽһھ¶ǣѱħӡǡ
ħȻ͸
бۿ۽Ѿ԰׵ԷƤԾһ䣺Ĵۣܰɣ
ÿһӣֵ
𵱳ΪԼŵ棬ڵʺϧȰ˵ؽɱؽҲ֮ħڼҽʹࡣ
ħ岻ػ磬߾ɽӣ˽ȴȫΪԼŵ档Ϻ壬ȴҪѹʰɣ
ƽҪ˵ʲôȴһЦħܹƻģֺγܡߴħܿͻ֣֮ᷢǰ͸ţǵĴæ
ƽɵһգһ۾ʲôæ
ˮź㡣΢΢һЦҿɲǧ󣬻ŵӦĽɽծ񡣡
Щħ͸Ϊж༤ң׬ʯͻжߡ


100 
ܿ, õĻӦˡ
ŽߴֲԼͬľۼؽɽڡ
Щ𱾲ԼͷǷµծ, ԼҪԼ, ƽֻһӿ޿κλء
ǰƽںһǰһ, һľǹŰ֮ͨ¡
ħ, ҵȷλδħȾָ
ߴĽǱħʴ, 룡
ƽһһ, ͼҪħ䶯ȥ, ȻУȴһҪͷ, һҶȫ֮⡣
кѣڣͲס, һͷ
ȻıħȾָ, ҲŷǱħȾָˣϽԻħӡǡ, , ˻, Σ
ЦŴĻڸ˵, һð𣿡
ð֮⣿Ҿòסкβף
Ĳ趼ûȥ, ĸͳ, ΪĳЩԸ, ͱ, ǲħĹƻ
бۿ˾ƽһִۣڳҵ𣬵һЦһоļƻС
⻰ħӡǣǴ԰ŵȥ
ɽþڵ仰˻̷²豭˾ƽһɫ
žһѹڲϵĴ죬ԭ𾢵һͷͼƽɺʱƽ磬ѹĵһˡ
ʲôŵ԰עô
ϾƹأԭµǸʶǾƽͼڣȻϸϸĥ̾пֲ´Ŀʼ壺ǰƽ˵û𣿡
ۣתͷ֮˽Ҹҵ԰ģڵĲô
һȺ²ͣóĬɲ豭һ䣬վ𹧾һݡ
ˣλнд壬̾ɾԸλԵĶעһΣ
ƽǰһĽʾһţаħӡǣӲۡ
λû⣬ߴῪ֮ʣؽɽóǸλĲһ⣬ǴĶעڳһ֣Σ
һԣǰȫ˵涼ǿһ
£û˵óԼԸⱻ飬Ǵŭ
׼ҪܾƽɵĲ鿴ʱȻɽһ漰ˣ
˲䣬ɽһƬྲ
ƺûϵżŵ𻹸ʱ϶Լͬ˼ŭ
ѽһ˵һ䣺žԼû뵽ǵĻᱻȥɣ
ҿŵĵӣǵʦˡ
֪һڳмִ
֮ǰþһ⣬ڳ˽ԿɹϷĶע漰⣬ǵֵĸ
һʱ䣬漰񣬶˼̰ζ
ߣ漰Ÿող͸омֲԡ
䣬ԼϢʱ
֪ܹħƻ˵еж
ܹϷֵİӣֲرκεվ˵µƸߵ㣬ǻᱻȺ˳Եͷʣ
ǰűǴħţôһлᣬسΪһħܻţҪǣһڣͼסһڣѹؽòȡ
񣬽ðһж˻ȥ
ڸλϣۿĹһ𲻻ָȴ޷Ӧԡ
ˣ
ҵʲôأԭһʼͼƻˡ
ƾʲôҪĪǣǶһˣ
԰ã͸ɸɾ
ƽɳߵǰ˶ϻڲϽƱ磬ͼڰףһĴˡ
ǶˣûܹħĹƻ󣿡
һЦϾƹħ£ѵزȳµĵط
λɲҪ˾ƽɵĹƻ󰡣֮ǰʧغټ֪Ϊֻˣٳħ磬ҿɲ󣡡
Ҫŵҵʬðɣ
һԲϣֱӾƽɴһһ˾׷üͷ
ϸ۾ۿ𣬷ִ˾ǴⲻɣǿħƵڵ
˿̵ڵ𻹲֪жٱħƻǱƻռ˴룬ֻؽɽᱻǣȥ֪صӡ
磬һȥԼĳипмַ̡
ԭħħȴų
ŵ𣬴˿ȴħڵֵõĹ
㣿󾪣ȫùȥԼ˵Щʲôͺ޲ֱӽ˽á
СѾͷ
ƽһþȫһȥһӲеĽ˽á
ֻǹħӡǵӰ£һǽƽɶѪ
һƽɿѪһʱŭ˹
ӣҲҪùң
ǿ
һ̣ͣˣ뵽ħԣԼΪףǿлħ
ȻҪһҪʤг𱨳޳ԩ
ȻȽûԼƣƽɾһѱס˽ãѩڶལɽӴ˽طӡ¡
ƽʱͦ飬ڷʲôɵ
ƽغǳ˽һóĬûлӦ
ܿ죬ƽѩԤϲǣֱ˺طӡŭŵƾ죬ԭסħŵɽ󶼱ǿҡҡ׹
ãҪǿдħţ
صϧһдۣסɽ󣡡
ߣ
ȻһƬΣ֮£ƽɺȻס˽õ˵Ƴؽɽ
Ͼƹ
ȥšȥĵط
ƽɵƸɽµϪˮƽһصܹ˲䰲סĵ
ǧ󡭡㡣
ҫ۵ط·ҪĹâ̲סֵסԼ۾ȵʱ֣ǰɽκŵټ
ڡԶԶ˹߽ã¥ɽĵӣڸոһ˲䣬ȫʧˡ
һâ֮󡭡¥ƺ˱仯
һסֻ֣Ŵ³ĸ֣ȥţ
л˵
һԼ~


101 
ûв´Ļ, ȻƽаҲһдȥǧ
ʱ˿̣ƽƽǾ䡰ǧ󡭡㡣Ļ, ǧĵ, Ҳòվƽɵʾȥš
˵, ȥĵط
ɳ, ʲôֵעĵô
ÿʶʶɨԼԭ͸С֡
ġõǵĿ⿴ǿгһЦӦ, ȵȥ
ԽԽС, ȴ̲סһ䣺ôһسŵ, ǲˣҿĵģ
ǰһӴ, õصӵţɷصӵġ
ԭĽûȥԼ, Ȼԡ
ȴ, ʱӦûڵһ, ŷ
ųתһȦ, Щ⣺û뵽, С, ˳ӯ
е, Ҳͦ, ǵǧ֮, žֻʣһϸϸ
, ŹӶĸһͬ뵽ӯ˵ʺڲͬķ޻ݡ
ǷʲôˣŻȫݽߣ
λСڽҰУʱ˵ע
СϴϼֱǸ潪ȰסǣԭʦǰҪһģЩ鵢סˣϣǿʱ޳һʱ䡣
鵢飬ʲô飿ʶһۡ
С֧֧²ֻˣʾٵȸһͺˡ
ȵС뿪Сһͬ˳ŵ᷿
ｪÿ̫ˣ볤Ŷʱ򣬿ɲ᷿
ȻԶԶأû߽;쵽һȴҲ͸żְԵħʴ
ʦ֣ʦСߵ˷ǰ
ʱķ챧ŽϰţССͣȴƣûгأ䲻֪ʦΪʱҪչ²ǰȥţ
ɡ
ô۾
ԭΪҪŷǶ˵飬ȴᵽһ£֮ǰʦһֱ˵ҪȥӵһڵСʦýô׼ˣҲ½½ˣֱչˣ
ȻѽΪǰصıˡ
СʦԵһڣ֮ǰʦǧһɳκβЩˣܹŶСʦõĸ
룬ļ򣺡ҲʦҲܽأԼãȱչһԼΪ
ߵߣֳԼˣһСʦð˵᲻ῴǣ
ʲô˼
ʦ˵ǰǱĶܡ˵Сʦõʲô飬ΪεһڵĵӲƫƫҪ͵ССԽԽࡣ
ʦԼĶᣡҲ˵ȻֻһԱ֮
СȴԹԵ߶߶һ˵һڵĵӦöһ˵֪СʦóʲôģʲôƷԣһ˵ҪǵСʦˣøСʦ׼ʲôźá
һС졣
ĬرŽ˵˺ܾãֱС˵ˣԼ뿪ˣŻ̧ͷ죬йһ³һ䣺ʲôһڵСʦãҲǸС㣬ǶȲݽ棬αȵã
ҡҡͷĽվֱ壬ʦš
Ҫ˵ЩʲôֹסˣЩ߷߲ƽС߶߶ݽͿԵһл£
Щȵؿһʱ侹Щֲڰ򱧲ƽǻʲôõ顣
һֱ˻᷿һĹĵģһȻ̲סִ˴ļ򣺡ڣ㲻ô
ÿһۣҡҡͷûʲôģҸǣ
⻹˵ħֻ᷿СΪȻ
ȴЦŵͷԭΪţ֤һƹȷѪꡣ
ڿһо˵İ͡
ЩڳŵЩʲô飬з촳ؽɽ飬֪
ϸϸĹϵ־û˵ֻҪӰ쵽⡣
Ҳˣһƹ죬нڵ᷿ȴֹҳκ⡣úܿ찲źһУû顣
ҹɵƹ˷µı󣬽뵽᷿ڲ
᷿ڻһħѵķ󣬽ö̵Լģ׾ħѪǱ
˳ħԽŨҵĵطȥܿ콪þ᷿ҵһͨµͨ
ͨһ·ȥԶԶؽöʱʱһңԶֿտȻ֮ӦңֻҪⳤţҪģһжӵС
ȥҵһУȴӶҪ𣿡
ףӦңҪźòã
ֻҪţ̾ͿԷȥ
㲻Ҫټ𣬷졢ǡҶΪ⵽ˡ

ԼħΪǽϣ֪ʱѾȥ˶ãֻ֪γԶᣬȴһ֧ţҪаⳤš
ΪʲôأΪʲôҪִأħȥһƣָݹǣһڽڵָĦɻִżֱˡ
ͷа𣿡

ȻĻشһؼᶨ
Уһذ׾ʹţѪ磬ܵʹɫ԰ףնڲͣĲ
ɼˣȴҧţһҪаţһڵԼ
ΪʲôֻаѣΪʲôҪ̣
Ƽţֲϴ£ʼᶨԼ뷨ûиκζĻӦ
һĻĽãվһ߿á
֪˶ã뿪һ㣬վذ׼׼ǡ
Ȼ㲻ԸҵİţǷô࣬𣬾ͻȥˡ
ˣҲôѹˡף
ۿƾҪذףԭһֱȥԼϢĽúȻ
ԣþȫĻϧֶɱԼֻΪˡⳤţ
˭
ǱȻŵһ㣬ذһûȣ˳ջ䵽ģᴩơ
壬Ϊʹٴβһ¡
ΪʲôƺƺӼèһ㣬̴٣ʶͺ˼ʿ΢˼֡
ϸԼ۾´ơ
˿̵ƣѱħӶȥ˴룬еĹʲڣնִŭ˳ˣ˲١
ԣþȫĻϧֶɱԼֻΪ˲ⳤţ
ٴظһԼ⣬Ҫأۼ޿ɶ㣬¶ֱˣ˹ǷŭµĲЦ
Цҵа
Цҵİɣ㿴
ѾˣѾˣǲϷ㣬ҪⳤţôĥôþԼȫǲϷ㣡
аŮɣŮʲôأ
ĸף걻֮ôңҲôòףò׽ţͷأңʲôûС
ƴЦţȴֹסشۿл䣬һ߿һϸ֡
ѹȥԼĨɱˣԭɱˣ
֪ƿ˶ãüһȴȻħΪվ
ƣ
ΪˮɳƵеɤͳִʮѹ
Լϵ˿ڣһǰǰסõļƣ
ƳԾվһ߿
ǰôˣ˵ǰôˣ
һ֪ΪΣƾ˲ܵ˱ռѹЩţôˣĥôˣȻôǿ
͸ƣƶŽõ񣬶˽õ˼ʹȥ
ĺǷ꣬۾Ҫܾ⣬˭ֱ֪һקһأǰôˣ
Ȼ״˿ķ辿ΪΣ
ѹȣƻǸƱƭ˳ţص˲Զʯī˽Ρ
䣬ѾӰ
վȴò֪ʱߵߡ
ʲôƾضŽãȴƵȥôҪʲô
ƳĬˣóתƷסƣתƵ˵Ǹʯī塣
ʯī볤ŲԶȴΪ걥ħϮش׼ϰף׼õļƷᱻ˽
ǲŸϹȥͼħϮӣҲѾƳһ׼õ׼Ʒ
СٲȻҲڶУתͷƣȴԹȥԼʱȻǰѣΡ
ħһ䣬
ƺǲЦЦҲżҫ㼵ˣ
תͷûнƵĻȴǲǼˣ˵
ţǱ߾мͷħϢ뽪õǰ
ü״һסƵ죬
ۣ㻹ħ壬ȻԼ͵ȵħ޶㲻ҵ˿Թõĵ㣬䳰ȷ
ȴע⵽ڲԶѾħսˡ
ͷŶԽԽŨңħ޵עŵϡ
ɪɪͷڵϵļƷǡ
װʲôӢۣԼΪҲߣ˳Žõ߿ȥȻҲע⵽ħƴ
ȥԼŵƷ÷ԼʱĲƵԻ·
ȴЦŷʽãѵƷôǸĸ֮һҹļƷҲǳŵļƷħļƷ
һ죬ħ޼սؼ֮ʱþȫʯͷʯͷҵĶͷѪɲǼ˳Ķͷ¡
£ħԺǿҪôѽ˭ЩƷģ
ƬУ˿ûΪʱͷѪײײתԼ廤סСڵһȺƷ
֣ҰǸħޣβлңңɤȥ񻵵ĳƬɳ̶ִ
ʲôڵļƷԺħҪѰ𣿡Ʒ׸ħ壡ƴˣ
֪˭ͷħָΪĵаһĻˣǺƻ˶һسȥͼߡǡļƷ
һʼγЩĿأһѪʵ̫޴Ѿ֧ϡ
ľ󣬴糱ˮ˹鼱֮£ԼСƵ˴ǵĹ
ЩʧأСƣĺѾѪģôȥһܾܿڷ
ộôš
óֻ֣ʵʵˤ˼֮ԭ糱ˮĴǾ˼
ð˽ſ񣺡ٸǰһɱۣ
ڲԶŶŷ˾˽ĽãȻЩζӳ
аĲԼħݡ
ΪʲôԻôɣ
յڵԲ鿴СƵ˿ڣСƿϵˣ־뵣֮£Ļп޵ǽһ˺ѷΡ
һ̣Сƿ޵ò֪νһ̣ĵķڱһ㣬ҲСƵᣬ˱˵ˮ
ŮҵŮҵıŮ
ΪãΪûб㣬ΪĴ
תͷһỹһСְСƵһĵط⧲ĻС
̧ͷԶƣ˿̣Ҳ㶵ؿСضԴȥǸСִ
ǰߵǰ̧ͷһɲǣԸضᵽʶ
ΪʲôҪаţ
аǲǻƴ˿һֻõĻش
ŮҪš
Ļش𳬳Ƶ룬⻹ǳǳһЦͬһȸһƣŮҪţɹȴãȥţǻᱻ۸ģҽһš
һ˵һҸصͷѾιȥСƣһõһУֻҪа˳ţһڴӦңҪһУֻҪаҾͿԵõһڵҩ
Ůɹǣ˵һڵҩԵõһͲһٳٶ޷ס
꣬⻰˵һõһ֪аˣǸô죿
Բ˵һ˵ɫÿ־һһֽرסСơ
ÿվǰѱħӶĿȫǵƣȴЦһ󣬾͵ԼȫħеСƹȥ


102 
ʲôȽðѻ˵, ʶǰһֹ̬ƵĹ
űᴩ, ϡɼѪ˳˿ڵ䵽˯ϵС, СԼһҪѹģ
˵ʲôþȫ, Լ, ԼָŵСƵĶͷƾԼСԼı¿԰Ļ˯
ͬʱ, Ĩȥļ䡣
ٴ̧ͷǰһ, ʵվǰ, ϵϢܾмϤ, ˵ϵΪʲôϤ
ϤˣҪȡСƵ, Ǿ;Բ̡

ô˵Ӳվ, ָĨ˵ԼؿӿѪСѪı
ü, ؽ, Ҳ¹
ֻħûҪ, ȴɹ, ħѪʴʹࡣ
һ, ֻſ˫ۻ̵ӥ, ׶ǰ
û˿
ûˣ
ŭ, 춯ء
ȴһ˲, ЦֿޣϵָԼѾ˺ѷεʲ죺ҪĴһʼˡ
ЩꡭЩʲô
һУֻΪ׵ĸаš
аĵһְźΪҲôģ

ƲܿƵͷųħǰһ»һ˿СͬҡҡħķΧ
ԶԶأ紵õĶѾվסȴһĹСߡ
㡭㡭
ССؿ󣬽òͷȥСƵ˽õԱߣѾѣε彪õˣȴڲϵĿã԰Сƴسš
㣬㡭
뽪ģԱȣǵһΣı飬ô
ҪʲôҪʲôҶԸ㡭
ｪôȥˡ
ȲҲΪʶ뵽۹顣
е۹ȡһ꣬ħ
Ǹʱһ뿪һڵĵ۹飬ֻʲôıأ
㲻Ҫߣˣǳŵơ
һѱסҪ뿪Ľõȣ֮󣬾ýһʱ䶼޷
ԶΪͷŵ¶ħʧصƣѾΪħµĿܡ
Ȼħ˽õĴڣʼƵ峯Žö
֣úݺݵһק˺۵ҲקһѪӡȴִŵûз֡
ʱִĿ¡
ԭҪµһ̣׻ûӲ򵥵ȰϿµ˿ڣû˿Ѫ
Сģ
ڽǰһϣмֲ죬ڵںսô
ϧϻûܳס룬ͱħɵƳˡ
ɵһѪ
ġħǰŽĿ⣬ʶҪһ½õգ⧲Ԥ֮еıشˡ
ǺǺǡ
ħȴԽ´̾ŵ׻ǽúðħͬ壬żǿ־ӡĶ֡
ұ磬ҲκһܱȤˡ
Ŷʵһؽ
ȤǿһŻ顣
ħ񿴵ȻȴѾȷˡ
ħһŽöĹȴǳŽöȥڽԱߵ
ħĹĿ꣬ȷ˵Сƣ˿̶ħ񶨺õĹĿ꣬Ϊħȷţһ־ˡ
Ȼֵĸ׸Ҳæ
ðã붼û룬ħԤϵǰ㣬ȥ
ýǣħĹȻƫԭĿֻ꣬䵽˺ľʯϡ
һ죬ʯ꣬Ҳһ˲һЩԼǣŴϵţʲô
ԡƾʲôҵЩʲô
Լǵһյúԥó˽ɫСһ𱣻
鷳
鰮ʲô壿
ų
ٹǧ꣬Ҳܳ£˵
ƲܿƵؿʼԼԼħ͸ԭµ壬
𣿡
һȻһϲħôѹˣ
Ҳˣ޴в
ϸ뽪ýһħԼȴӽõз˳ħȥ
ħ״ŭѣƵ壬һ̧ħһħ
ͼħѹΪá
ħɴһӳһ˲ͽȼմ
ɱҡ·ǿϣƿԼҪǰȻħħʴʹ÷˵ļС
üͷħΪ˿סƣǿʴƵ塣
ʴ£һۿɼٶȣ类Ⱥҧһ㣬Ѫģ¶׹ǡ
Ż
ʺܹӲ˲״ֱɹǱĽãҲ̲סĸŻ
ħ˷Ӧʶõס˽õߣȻҲһ˲䣬ħ˷ȥչ˽õħ
磬һ죬ϵħײħµķ磬Ǿ޴˲ƴֱӷ˳ȥ
ǣ˵ˣȴ
һ˼̾˹Ѫı
ǸոСµѪı
ȴû뵽Ȼʱ
Žħķħֱ˳˿ʶ塣
ûϵǻǧʱ䡭
仰ħСƺħһֹٶȣѸʧ˽ħҰΧС
⡭
ħЩ֪Һˣ
ʶԼħˣһħһʼĿͺȷȴԼעŵ˽Ƶϡ
ģ
ħ𣬿˲䣬ʱ֮ȴȻھ֮ϡ
ûֲʱˣħûڵسŽõԼͷЩСȥ˲佪õֱ·˵ϣòҪ
ȴһûһµظħͷʱ֮ţ˼
ǻʱȥһ˳𣿡
̽һ䣬ħҡҡͷ
ڽõʶѽãʱ֮Ѿ˿ٲȥһŵƣʧӰ١
Բ𣡡
ħز˲佪õģȴʼƴ˼ôֲʧ
ûϵȴֵغƽƽħ̲סЩϰ¡
ȥƺǴȥ
ħ˽õ͸Щ˼飺㲻ҵ𣿡
ҡҡͷתͷħһ쳣ƶħڲʶԭһУ˵ѡ񣡡
ʲô˼
ħ⣬Ҳûϸ˵ֻħǰ档
һһʯīϪˮҵƣƻţҲֻǻŶѡ
˴˹ĿݹǣǳԾԼü
ڣʲôʱȥĹˣ
ã
Ǹûȥˣǰһס˶ָƣǸʬţ

һ׺
㻹ûشңʲô˼ʲôһж˵ѡ񣿡
ƽ뵽ʱ֮ʱħƶڽõʶ
óĬ˼룬һֿһְһħͷ
Ȼصԭʱգ֪ˡ
ħ
Խʱ֮Żصǧ֮ʱƺոպãǾ˷÷Լеķˣȴ⵽ܿƵħΧòǰȥһ̡
ͬĵص㣬£Ÿջʶĵһڴʦ̺
ȥˣ
ã
һ˵󣬽úޡ䡢з뱻Ŷ
ҵˣô£Ȼ֮ʧӰ٣
ǰǿ˺üؽҵǣ
ǰһԭҪлһлðԼ˷ˣ˭֪һûĿݹǣŵΡ
ʲôֶۣȤζ죬춪¡
ü߷š
찡Ǳ𣿶һ߿ݹˣֹķʽţ
죡
òٺͷʲô߲˵ڱһһƣԼԼʲô顣
صĽ磬֮ǰƽɽ̹󷨣ɾ˽硣
ڶ󣬸Žǽء
ǰص˳ɽﻹŵĿݹǣûжԴŽȥء
λǵһڵĵӣ
õõĿ϶֮һ̵˽һ߸ԼĶ̺һЦӯӯˣ
ã

ʶԿһۣ֮̾˿ǧǰΪծæǧ󣬻ҪΪծæ
Ʒý֮󣬱̵߿һ۾͸߽ãҪ޸ϵˣüǮ
ã
õľȣʲõվóƼҵСӡλ̵ߣʾЩծȼǵƼͷȥ
ŶŶŶ̫ˣ߱ţתҪ뿪ء
øһɫȰæסˣԼλߵ
ͼݣ¶
ͣе̱Ūض죬ЦЦһͳһŽɫƷʵ˹ȥ
һԼϵĶ̺붼˶ֽӹ˹ؿڻؽá
˵ɣʲô£
ؽɽһɻкˣ
ߵȥ붶Խ˼֣ҳ̾˵һĻ
֪˶ãֲ˲Լ۾ȥ˿Ҫ˵ᣬ̾˿ʡʲô
㡭ʶǣ
Ų˼뼸ΣõͷЦ˵Լƽǹˡ
žһ̵ˣ˽õľȣǰһѱסõֱۣǾƽɵĹˣ죬죬ҹ
ȥؽɽ·ϣÿĳԽֻɪ뵽֮ǰƽڶ˳ͻȴǧ
ϰµģ̲סһ䣺ܲٿЩ
ã˿ٶֿ˼֡
ڵؽɽ߷Ž̲סֲ˲߽ã޽ɽһ
ۼ𾪲ѣ߿һ˵ûУҲȫûС
ʲô˼
ߴŽýھƽɵĽط̳ϣط˻˳Ψѽİ̳һȾ
߸߽ãǾƽɸĽһ󣬰κ˴ɨɸɾ¡
˵ǧǰһǽµһСͽվ͵ü⽣ɽֱʣصĸٸϹʱɽžƽɾ䡣
ʱ˺þãȴκεټֵǣԭծĸҲĲˡ
Ǻħ֮սʱȺ֪ʧִð⽣ɽǸʱһǵǿдħţȺҪɱˡ
أҲǰϹ׻·ӡħšԴ֮󣬾ƽɵѽͳⰸ̳ϣκ˶ˡ
ʦǰǣһգƽһõõƽµĽҪ⽣ɽһͬصƽС߱˵űߺһŽ΢΢һ
˼ҪŶиǾƽɹ˵С
óû̴ߴ˽һ룡
ǰϤķӡӡѹħһ֣ȴֳǰ
ƽɵʲô˼أ
üӡǸ֪Ϣһ㣬ƽɵĽԶ˽õС
Աߵ˵ʲôٴγϾ죬ش졣
߷д˴أңؽɽ
ã󣡡
żæŵسȥҪ֪ͨĵӿػɽǱ߾ͼѹѹŵ䵽⽣ɽ֮⡣
ǣ
߿ڣͷĺŮӾǴżּغа㣡
ǰ棡
͵˽˽õĻ߽ǵһ죬ѵ̫ˡ
ԴӾƽħսʧ֮Ϊ˱ⱻѰҲΪ˱ȫء
ǽɽһĵѩİ£㣬ɢ뵽˼һ߽Ű¥һѰžƽɵ䡣
ѩΨһھƽʧ֮ǰõϢǣĽ⽣ɽһɽӡƳ죬ǹ˵ù֮ʱ
֪˶꣬ڵȵˣ
汧Žò֣ѩڰ󣬽ÿȥƺŴѩǧʱҴңû̫ĺۼ
ֻǹȥУɱΪء
ԣûܹ˵ħ񵽵͸˶ٸţһδ֪ս
Ҳһòеս
ѩǰĽõļοҲʹ
ӡħ֮ǿʼħ񡭡ʣղǰǰǣ


103 
ҿԸˡ
ʶﺰħһ, ħӦһȴŽöԼ֮ǰʵĻش
ʵħ, صǧ֮ǰߵôһ⡣
ǹ, һеԴ
ʲʲôħһûзӦ
Լϻһ߳Լβ͵ͼħһǧΪһֻڼ㡣
ʵ, ؽΪ˾, Ѿ˺ܶεֻأǧšϾһܺõ֤
Ƕħս˵Ǽ䣬ŸָͬĽ֡
ûпԴֻصĵط, У
, ء
ûв´Ļ, ƽ֮ǰʱضֻ, ħһֱҪɵĿҲܼ򵥣
ôһ裺֮ĵط, ͺƽ, Բֻơ
Ҳζţƽĳ, ֻ, ײһ뵱аʱصķӡ
һйҰĵ, Իع
, һ, ̽Ƕ
ԱĽҲؽϣ, ټؽѾ˱׵Ĳԡ
Ϊħ, ýִɱ, ӶΪ
ôؽٻĻǣõ˳ţҪʧֻء
ʵϣؽļȥߣӮãħΪħͬ壬ұΪһ̣ħҪ߸ĿʵѾﵽˡ
ؽңټôεֻأһδεʧܣĶħ϶Ҳħƻֱ棬û뵽ħµľ֣Ҳ
ħһһ㶵ģʶҪħʱԼҪһڻʶڽõʶܺ֡
ħ񲻻뵽ⲻ˵й֮ĸ飬ǡǡֻصĲ֣
ħɴԼ۾ħɴĳ˵Ҳѹýֻء
ħƺͷ죬ֻܼȡƻģȴûؿҪ
ǸʱһҪصǧǰһжûзʱħΪ
ȴû뵽ֻصȥϧԼ͵ʯī壬Ϊˣֻǲҽ볤š
һûн볤ţҲζźһжᷢȻħĲҲȫױҡ
ȻħҲǺ׼϶ԼԽƣӣֻҪ֮÷һУɻᷢħûϵǣƻȥǸʱͷŶҲǼȡҲͻصǧ֮ǰ
˵˵ͷʵϣļйڳźаһжûиı䡣
ҲΪйаļûиı䣬òȷţȥһˣаһֻصԴ
ħ룬ʽãȻħǶȥǧǰһǺջ
ǡǡΪҲȥǧǰԴֻأԭýеǸֻصϣ߳һ֡
ǧǰ򣬻ǧ󡣡
Ϊһˣƽɽԭ֮أָ˻ȥôͺƺЧӦһ㣬ɽӵΪȻ΢Сȴˡħǧʱɽһγˡ
վҲζţһոµĿʼ
ħħĬ˺þãֱѩ꣬һ׼ȥؿһһڴʦԵĻָһһſ³֣û
㶣һЦ
밢תȦȦѩǻ˻֣Ȼص᷿һֽħħǰ
ǿΪԭԲεߣһջôŬջ棬ƽɵĳ֣ԼħƿƵʧʧջһӣǾȥǧ֮ǰȥһжûзʱ򡣡
һЩ飬˳ʱ֮Żصǧ֮󣬵ͷ˱䶯ͺԲкȻһߣô£Ҳͽħδĵ·
Ժйаȫ䣬ʵֻصĽڻ˵ԲȦһߣ˼ɣħѧ
οص˵ͷ
ħӽʶгΪΣùøոջµԲȦ˺ðüû׹ʲôԲȦһߡ
ħٴοڽ˵ͱð˻ȥ
סħ֣һرѰǳЦħͷ㲻ҲûйϵֻҪһ¾Ϳˡ
һոµĿʼ
ħ޷ƿصĿʼ
ħüץץԼͷֽ˻ȥʽãԣħԼԼˣ
ҡҡͷ뵽˾ƽɣ뵽ƣҲ뵽
ʵϣҪ˵ĻʱգӦֻ֮
ֻزûΪĵı䣬ΪаǷӡħ񣬿Ϊʱ֮ŵĿǸֻء
ȵȣֻУؽأ
ȻżħȥϵŮ뵽ǧ֮ǰؽǿǧħݵһΡ
֮ûϵؽ
Ů˵ؽһ˴ˣħŮٶȺܿ죬
˭
ƽɣ
ã
ħʳǣħƸ裬ħ޵ħ峵ѣǸħ彫ôȥһ͸լ
ϾƹļңҪҵģˡ
Уʯķϣһ䣬Ǹͷŭʱ򣬿ǻħͷšƱã֪𣿡
õ˵ͷħ߶߶ƸԶȥˡ
ߵԺլţûӦ㵱һƿ˴š
һɾƳûȽ߽ȥֱǣѬ˼
ܿ콪Ҳʶ־Ƴл帯ú͸ĳһ˲䣬ӶĻ죬ֱӾͱǾƳŨҵĵطȥ
˸գ˺˵ϵľƺӰ
ӴϾƹˣҪôҪǮҪôǵĲӸšˣ
լ⴫һתͷȥһȺۼծħ壬һﶼۺħٲȻֲծ뿪ļơ
ô˸ָԭΪħʹħ¿˷ܲѵֱӱ˳Ⱥծħһ
ȺħܿþͺûĵֱץһɷլϾƹħ綼Щʲô¡
ħͰ͵ظ߽ãϾƹô£ħĺþȫ˸գǮ
ⲻžۼһǰҪָ˵ҪʯĻҲһҪֵħȥħ˵
ȵȣ˵ʲôħ𣿡
ǰħλüˣǡ̫ܡ¡
ûħ˵꣬þȥͽħĬĬ룬ֹһ䣺Ԫħ


104 
ħ, ûʲôŨصû, Ҳײҿ
ħһ, ˽ãʾ⽪ãҵ, ħڡ
õͷǰһ, ŨصΪڻµı
һ֪Ǿƽɵֱʡ
, һǳ, ħһбŵ̨߷Ϊƶ˯ľƽɡ
ħǰһ, һצӾ˾ƽɣƽ˯ħ۵С֮, ץץԼԴ, һȦ, ŰԼĿϡ
ˣ
ƽɳ˿һҪͦһĴӵ, κβ֪ǲǵ̫, ƽζûܳɹվ
ÿȥ, ʾħ, ħһȥ, ƽɴӵ
Ȼһ, ƽɾֽŴ, ˤ˵ϡ
㣿ò, ǰһҪξƽɣƽȴŹǷҡҡͷƿ˽õ֡
û£Ҿ͡Ż
ȶˡ
ã
ħ
ò׵ȵƽɻָǣڵһߺѾһ˹뽪˵ǧǰ뿪֮顣
ǸʱƽԭֱӴֻأعλҲζԭֻкȻһǿħ񲻵òǡ
þƽûϵǣǧ֮ؽȻͱħˡ
ؽ׶ħδͻħԤݵǰ㣬ֻħ񵽵ûɽãҪ߸ĿĶﵽˡ
ǣħһټؽ½á
ǾƽɵϣԽʱ֮ǧֹ֮ؽĽһħ
ȻӽҲǽɽһĵӣίˡ
Ҳڽǧ֮ǰ˰¥ˣҲɽһĵṩһ֮
ֻؽ

ƽ̾˿ԼóһԿ׷ŵ˽õУȥɣҪ׼
ʲô˼
ƽ͹һѾüʶħӰ죬ҵĺܣҺҲԡ
վƽָ·߹һһ֣ýøеǣħеĵطȻֳӯһ֡
ɫĻһ·ħĺ΢Ϯŵ˻
òԾսԿףŲҴҵܽԿ״ȺصĵŰɫٵħš
֮ѻȸ֪κλ˵Ϣ
ģһ˲
Ȼ֮󣬴ȴȻˡ
¹峺˳ħʵкڣžյؽôغһһڴĵıϣһưײס۾ֻϢȥ֪ǰˡ
˭
ؽһһμʱǰ
ûлӦһ룬һת󣬽ʶԼؽŲӵİ˵ϡ
㡭
ؽ΢ıǼõĲý͵һʶҪһԼĲӣȴؽѹƵԽһЩ
űϣؽĺ뽪Ϊһ塣
ĺ㰡
̰󣬽ò͵һۣѪϢ˲˽õıǼ⡣
ؽѪһ㣬ҧϵϸ⣬̰Ŀʼ˱Ѫ
üҪƿؽȻһҲؽؿڵİ»䣬⧲ģÿˣǶؽؿڣ͸źªִĿĵĶħӡǡ
ǵħӡģǺبһֱ쵽䡢顢ССǳһ˿ڡ
һɲǣõ۾˲ͺˡ
ƺע⵽õؽȻֹͣԼ˱ĶЩСָ̧˽õ۾
𿴡
󡭡
ίίֿѵһ£ӵ˽С
ؽڣ̲ס־ͱסؽ
ܸеһ˲䣬ؽĽӲ
ûϵģ㡱
Ƚðѻ˵꣬ؽȻһֿԼ뽪á
ÿȥؽһ쳣İ
˭
ҡ
ȽÿڣһʮĹɷ˵ͳŽöҺʱƽɼʱϵ󣬾Ƿһƺؽ
㣿
ʼδؽõɴԼ۾ƽɣƽһھƣȴԾ䵽˽Ĳϡ
ǡ
ƽһ˵ǰɣֻħ˵ûǰɣ˵˲󡣡
һ죬ʶסԼĲӣ鲻
ŶƽɲȤתħȥ
ÿ˿εڵϣ˯һ񵭵ؽ׻תС׷˾ƽɡ
ѻ˵ˣҲңҪа취Ҳһֱħˡƽתתľƺб۴Žãֽ⻰ϲֻսԼȭͷٲȻһѾԼģ
ƽɴ˽õ˼
֪ʲôԼħͬ壬ҪǿյؽϵΪؽùһЩ𣿡
ϸԼ۾̧ͷƽɡ
ش
ȰòҪôϱħǲûˣҲͳˣ
ڣһ΢ƽ⣬ħҪٶһЩǿȡⲿֵӦܲµ֡
ƽ˵ŰȾҪߣȻȴøɴĳסˡ
Ҳû˵ֻۿ΢죬Ŀôسȡ
ôһ̣ƽãһؽһãǷ
ֻҪôһ˿Ŀܣ㸲Ƕ᲻ϧһд۵ؾȻر˴ˡ
ǲǸң˳ţħѾԼĿ˰ɣ
ƽʶ˿ڿˮͷĻ˻Լ֣ʾ⽪ÿվ
ǿһЦҲɴվֻĿȴضžƽɡ
ǸҾơƽԭ⣬ȴֱ˵ӹĻȪħľƣκҪҶܴӦ
ƽɣ
ЩԼüģƺֱ˦õͬʱ߽ãҪȻؽҲȫûа취
һʼ˼·ǶԵģħ뵽ؽڵõıؽԭֻˣؽ׻ָǡ
һڵϴأؽԼģôεֻأôǿģؽȴһֱվɽսĶ壬ϴعѲϵ
ֻ£ȴһ쳣ֵ⡣
ʲô
ؽô뿪ħƽ˵ָָ꣬õüģϷ󵨲²⣬Ӧйء
ˣôԼȥɣϷľƣԣʯ
ֱӽԼƼҵСӡݸ˾ƽɣƽֺǵصקħħԻҪи顣
ħ


105 
߻ص, εؽһСһ񾲵س˯ڵϡ
߽ȥס۾İײ˳۽ë, ̲סҪһ, ȻûȽõ䵽ϣؽ־;׼ץס֡
ٿһؽԭյ۾, 뵱˫峺Ⱦ, ˿ؽǰɫ˫г/Ϣ
㡭ؽסõֲûзɣ෴ѽõַŵ˴, ˳ϸ۵Ĳ, ̽һ, ýõʶһ
㡭ø˵ʲôֱͬһֻްؽŵ, ؽȻĵõĳŵǼϸϸᣬطס˽õĴ
˲Ϣ, üǱȸؽ̵¶, Ұǿҵռ, ýԺǸСؽϵ
֪˶, ֱжһƬհ, ؽڷſ˽õĴ, ȴ쳣ԵҧĴ, Լӡǡ
һֻ̽˽õ, ̰סؽ˫ֵ֡
ֹסؽһĲ
һصһڣֱ, ԼôؽȻȥ, ᳹ڻؽС
ƭӣȻؽȴѿ˽õְ֣ԼĴɷ˵䵽˽õĴϡ
ǶƭӣǴһʼƭң㣬ƭӣƭҺÿ࣡
סõĴԽԽʶһֻ˵ޣҹһ鱯ذţֱý顣
ǽӴ䵽˲ȻһԤ׵ؾ˳Žõۿ¡
ƺǲÿˣؽЩãȻֹͣԼĶͷá
һصһڣ
ָؽգᣬҲǰļᶨ
һɲײķӿؽؽſ˽ãȴֻӬһãȻ֪ٵħȥڲصһڡ
һصһڣ
˵εʱһħϮãԭΪҪ˭֪ȴǽͳħһɫ񻨴¹ˡ
ؽ
⳶ɤӺһ㣬ȵһصһڵһ졣
һɫ񻨴´ˣؽԽȺһЩÿϵ֮ǰŨ˲١
ң
ؽǰһץסãʧصسŽú˺üһ޲̾ҪòʳǵļƣжϣȴûԽ׳ذ֡
ǳЦȻʶؽôħϮʶǸվؽ
ż⣬סؽĲõ䵽ؽĴϡ
Ҫȥ
˵һ̣˭ȻһЩ
÷ӦʱѾؽħһеһȪȪˮʪ˵·ؽҲ治뽪ÿͽǰȫȥ
Ĵҵ¶ȣÿ䵽һýõ̲ס
ħ缯У
֪ԾħԭҪ뿪ƽɣûչأͱƽһ¡
ôŻȥʲôƽɾֺ͵ħһԹԡ
ħԼ裬ʶҪѣ˭֪ƽɼܣһֱ˴ƺ絽ϡ
죬ɣȻһҪ׷ծˣ
ȥħҪϵľƽɸ˦ȥ˭֪װæ˺ð죬ƽϣ̩ɽ
ٺٺ٣ҪҶ㻹أ
ƽɴȰħͷħһŭ𣬲ûǰļкһ롣
㣬ңȥ
ۿħҪ񣬾ƽһӲԭħҪĻĺ֮С
ڻȥʲôǵĺ£
ԺҪǱؽŴ򣬿ɱϷް
ƽɱ˵ֱߴħȥˣħ˦ƽɣһңĳˡ
ƽĨһԼһħǲײĲᣡ
ħħƵһ˵š
ؽŽڵϣѾ˯˹ȥʪس䵽ؽУؽԽҪ۸֡
ƫħ¡
һϮħûзӦͷԼѾؽ̬
ôԼޣ
ؽһһֱ̧֣ӽħȥħ粻Զħɽ
ħɽҽ磬ħݺᣬħһ㣬ֻȥ
ħԭһȦһ죬Ҫڽõʶ״ȴ֣ģ뽪õʶȻǿжˣ
⵽ҪжֲǿжͷϹħԼԼ˵ʶ磿
ᣬһ־ֱӽ̬Ϲħ
ؽ
ħħ
һ̣ħ̲סΪõؽ̫ǿˣǿ̬øôźѽҪؽҪԽòټϾƽħֻ¶岻ؽ֡
øоԼһС֪ڿ籩к˶ãòײŵͣ£ûãֱؽǿлѡ
㹻ˣһڣòŷԼô֮࣬
Ȼ̾ʹһؽЦ
߿߿õԽ˼֣ȻûãؽѾס˫֣ϸܵͬؽůһͬ¡
ʶؽ̲ʹϲѿ˫ץסؽ֣ˣ
䣬þʧķ֣ؽĲּ˼֡
ؽǲ֪Ϊһ㣬ֻԴԴعõϡ
õֺˣҡҡͷһҪ޵ģץסؽҲ˼֣һصһںòãòã
ؽƫͷûлӦãʣؽһǷס˽úеĻ
Ѿ֪˶ã÷ôȥؽ᳹ױħɡ
һģؽħ
ܿ죬þͷԼĽ㴦һɫ˳һŭؽϮ
Ҫصһڣ
㲻أҲҪأ
Ҫ͸һأ
ؽ͵ͣԼĲֵתȥؽϾǶ˼ֺı֮ɫ
Ϊʲôܻȥأþվھؽ֮ңĵط
ؽ̧ۿãŽֵͬʱɫȻˡ
ħֻħ
һ̣ʶؽĽڡ
ؽڵģһֻУ᲻òħͬھԲŻѾĻڱħʶ£ɼħħȺȡɿУ˵
˵һա
һֻΣȷʵҲˣħȺսֵĵ
ԣѾٺħͬھˣҲҪħˣ𣿡ǰǺСһغؽ
ؽɫһȴִֵƫͷܿ˽õĿ⡣
صһڣ㲻Ҫ㡭ôյؽĶߣһѭѭա
ؽ۾һ룬Ͳɷ˵ס˽á


106 
Ȼ, ؽûͬŽûصһڣô޷һħڣƺִֵصȴʲô˵ĵ
û취, ֻһ˳ؽĺ, ȥȻؽ
֪˶ãڽ룺, Ҫ͸ɴħ, ȻûؽصһڣҪ˵ʱؽǳЦ, ֻҰһͬŽûصһˡ
ã
, в֪ζ, ۵֫ŹǷؽֱ, ħ
һħþע⵽ħ̨, ƽһһ, ԼԼĵȺˡ
˳ƽһ̫ã
ã
ƽִһ۱ؽеĽã, ˵, ͦˣ
ã
ѽ
صһڵ·;쳣˳, ƽɿ·, ؽҲ·, ټϽе, ûо̫, ˾һص˵һڵϴ
ϴ峺ӯϴ, ϴβ³ضϴˮˢ۵Ľʶͺһ
뵽ؽҲҪϴأһҪȥ鲢ؽǰ
ҡȥɣؽ䣬ؽüͷһĲԸ
Ȼ֮ǰħĲ׺ȥϴˮʹࡣ
ڡħȥˣ
ȵȰתҪȥҾƽһħ䣬ؽ־̹˽ãؽԼĻС
ߣؽɤӣ߳ÿ֣Ⱦ/Ϣ
ҡûȽ˵ʲôؽһǷⴽ
ȵɵؽУؽЦʽãǲҪϴȥϴһϴ
ƺһԭȫʹأ̫ܲܿˣ
Ȼشʲôؽͱ泯ϴȥ
𣬻ۣʶСһץסؽ䣬ͣ½Ų
ؽŪģ̲סһЦͣ½ŲͬʱͷǽõĶͷһʱ򣬲Ǻôôˣ
۵ģᡣ
ؽίģʶ᲻ԾһȴǰѳŰĽõļͷڣ£
УȻȻʲôһ㣬ò֪һѾͽؽק˵ϡ
ȥҪ׺飬㲻ҪٺķԼˣؽһ۵ģ
ⳤı۵µɵһɵؽ̲סס˽õۣһ˼ڽôϡ
ô
׺飬У
ؽ̾˿ٷſõͬʱ׺ԼĴռٻ˳κأǾϲؽв׺飬ʶԼؽһ
ǽּݺݵҧؽһڡ
˭֪ؽȴãЦһѱסǱϴء
˲׺ıӻһΣòΪʲôƽ˵ؽһֱվɽսĶ壬ϴعѲϵ
ϴУޱߵȿֺӿ뽪ڣʶ·ԽʱഩԽ˿ռ䣬ޱȡ綼ʶִܹĵط
Ҫ࿹⣬˳Ĵȥ˰
ؽָϽõĶͷҪ˳ҲýͻһԼ
˭֪һ룬ؽԤϣþȻֱڳˮ۾ţһѾؽ
ȥǶ
ҾҪߡ
˵仰Ϊܲס޴ҲΪƣ룬ϴˮǡóˢƣ룬ó˯˹ȥ
ؽ㶵ػסãһɵĻؽȻܿؽְƻ˻ȥ
Сûĵġ
ˣ˵˵ҵôˡ
ɾĹ㡣
ؽۣȴħذʶħڰЩʲôأǹ鰮ǹۿҪȴ̻Ұġ
Щͳͳؽĵġ
ؽ۾첲õһӣͬʱžʹԼһħ
ȵһĲʱϴضһƬ졣
ƽϴرߺžƣһߺһ߸̾ؽԼǿݡ
ؽбۿƽɣ֪ڼкܴһֵħѾԼڣħرߵħȴδ潣ѹס
ԭ򣬿¾뽪һǧ֮йء
ؽɽһĻع飬ȷʵħʼϲħֲҲô׾ģʣʵδֹͣ
ؽĬ˼룬һޱȰĻƽɶУҼħħң
ü֮ì֮ܣվŵ۷嶼޷סãĶˣħ񣬻Ҫ
ƽֺһھƣԼӡסħְأСǧ󷢷衣
ƽ̾˿ԣؽҪǿĶࡣ
ǣؽûзϣֻǱסõԽ֣ҲԣҲ롭ʧȥһˡ
ƽ˳سĬĬ˾ƺĸӣվ
ǾϵħɣҲ㵽ħɣûĳΪħԸô
ܿ죬֪뵽ʲôƽ̲ס˳飺Сۣȥħˡ
ģЩؽ˾ƽһ䣬
šƽɱţ뿪ˡ
ƽ뿪ؽϴվС˵ڣע⵽ڹڼªļҾߣؽԼʶóһŴŪĺ÷ȥ
ؽעԼأůסã֮ǰеĲʶ滺ˣ̲סһ
ؽճյؿŽõݣոҪҲȥԼʶйħ
裬ħ
𣬻𣬻𣬻յβˣ
أҰؽǸӣ£͵Ϯң
ħӣؽ̲סһ룬ϸֽ̧ۣͨԼħʶ
ħɽԼʶ뽪ħ̲סһ߰һ߲²ؽߵĸ߽ãؽʶ϶װģǧҪؽƭˡ
˵ûаԽõʶдħԭأûϻŻβ
ؽȻѾֱ̬ƹãתԼʶоͶԻô
ħʶסԼ۾Խһʵ
˵أؽشߴħһ䣬ħ̾ը˹ؽү㡭
ħһսҪôѵҪʧȥһΣ
Ȼħ׷йϣؽɫһ䣬ֱħҪƾԼ߲ħɽԪħŻóȥˡ
ү
ؽħʶϵħΧܵĻ棬һ۱İ
裡ؽ۸̬һҪħδܴȥħɽ
ء
Ȼħİȫ֪ؽħ飬ĵ˯˽õߣཪõıǼؽȻһЦ
ô죬㿿ԽԽ»ٴʧȥ㡣

գͻ󣬲תѵġ
ϲķ֣Լ֮ǰǿ˲٣˵ˣͺƴһȪеĲоûˣ˸ӯ˲١
Ȼ˯ߵؽɫƺֲ԰˼֡
˲üͷʶִ˴ؽȴû뵽ؽһѾ;׼ץס
뿪ҡ
ؽ֪ʲôجУⰧǰ
ؽؽ
ͼȥؽûãۿؽجннԶøɴһģһһߺ
ܿ죬ؽˣ˵һ̵Ľ󣬽õĺü
ȥܾؽԽԽ׶Ҫ̽ж븹һ㡣
ؽȴǳЦץõ֣˳һǡ
塭ûв˰ɣ
ֻ̽Եһõ̺պķһ㣬ƫƫؽȴЦúܳ졣
̲סֱ˫סؽ۾
̬ĺУ
ұ̬ؽصҲУ
Ƚóըëؽ͵˽ãѹ£Խɳƹƻ󣺡ϲ𣿡
ã
ħǸ⵽ô̻ؽ͸ðħж˿飬Ƿħ񣬾ɵؽʶ
㣬𿪣ǣȥϴڼǰϴص˾ݣ
ȥؽܾȴܹϣòûһѪ
ֲؽֻһԼؽһؽȥϴء
ò׽ϴأؽֿʼ֣˵ԼۣۣҪǺһ߰࣬һԼȥؽ赼ڵ
ô죬ħôΪʲôҪң
ˣ˵ܶûϵˣңؽԭҲľȴǰ̾˿ôô
·һ룬ͻΪһŮ뿪һ㡣
һҲˡ
ŽЩܵĻؽÿ۾˲ʢġ
ֻڰοң𣿡
ؽ˵۾˲Ӳĳһ߰ؽһߴȤڳȥԵһƬˣôֻڰοأ
ʲôȻϣҳȥԵһƬˣȻҪˣ
ã
ܸоԼôһ˲ؽľ籾÷ˣ
õ籾ɣһϷӦþŮ۸ԾԼ䲻˻ûʧίο󱧱ٸ߸ߡ
ǣţ˿ؽ
һɣս
ˣؽۼֹͣ˶Ҳ˵˲䴹ͷСá
Ȼú޷Ӧ
ˣ
ؽգһԼÿ۾һ쳣еأȻңôԲңôһʧȥ㣡
ؽ
Ԥڣô֮ǰԤĸһ񡭡ǰһΪˣ
˵ǲҪ뿪ˣԲŻ˵Ļ
㿴ˣ˵ôģȴþóֻң̫ˣ
һѧؽոտǻһһһ˿·ĽؽԭĻ˻ȥ΢΢̧ͷؽԼһһ㶵ģһʱûסһЦ˿ڡ
ؽ˲һѽݺݵвòЦЦøˡ
ò׵Ȱؽڲɢȥüؽɫ˲٣ϲؽ˰
ؽȴȻһ˸еָһ֣߽ã㿴һлˡ
ؽǵõȥħѾħаа˸е˵ԼȻħؽĿеӣָؽһڵһлˡ
ȻлˣؽҲﻻĻȵ꣬ͲټǹԼ
һ̣аնĿ⣬ؽֻԼģԶȥˡ
ħаĿ⣬ÿÿʹģҹ¡ʹ衣
Ȼ˿̣ؽ֣仰ʱ򣬽ֻ㶣һǰɷ˵һӵ
лˣ֡лһ꣬һ꣬㣬۶öϴ
ؽʶսԼȭͷʱҲԳħа˵ʱаħγɵϸ⣬˵ȴû˵ڡ
һ˳ؽջ䣬ò̧ͷؽؽȴԽıס˽á
Բ𡭡Բ𡭡Բ𡭡
Ǹʱټᶨһ㣬¸һ㣬ǲǡҲپֻء
÷֣ؽؿڵĶħӡԽ˼֣оͺؽڵħռϷ硣
ؽؽ÷ҡؽؽȴԼ˼޷԰Ρ
Ȼƽ˵ɢؽڵؽںò״ﵽƽͻᱻƣؽĸ졣
ոϴУ÷һµİ취Ǿؽ׽Ϊ£ʶϢڡ
ȱĲ֣Ḻϡ
ؽԸҽΪ𣿡
Ȼʱ˿̣˵仰ʵЩʱˣȻûǺԥ˵˿ڡ
Ȼ仰ûܾȻؽؿڵĶħӡԽҫ
ٵˣ
һôţһ߽þؽ֣ʮָۣӡǳ֣˵ħһͬڡ
ؽԭҪѣȴεץס֡
ؽǷˣǧǰǧǽаǽнãСѾͷԶôԵԵȴ޷ѡ
ʱ򣬺ܾ
ǿнΪµʱҲܾ
ù֣ô۸
½֮󣬻ȽɿǰؽίͰ͵ĵᣬһ˲䣬÷·ֿǧǰǸһֱƯ磬òȴ޷ƿؽ
ߣ
ûὪòؽ˦˽õ֣ԹԵĽ˵һϴ
һ̣õԼǿ˶ԷԷܾС
ԼĺԴҪݰɣ¼ؽĿ⣬׻ǰ¹⣬һ̾˿ܵض˵¡
ģš
磬Ƚڵ¶˶ãؽֺȻǰŭ˿
㲻׼һȥô
˿ڿˮսսؽáǸȥãǲȥã
ۼؽԽԽڣһѿڶҶУ
һ룬ñؽһѿţϴ
ļ죬óˣж¡
һʼǻǽúؽϴأؽǿѹŽýϴأƺϲڵĸоһʼ;ͣ¡
ħħ㣬Ǹ
ԭΪߣħħʶȴòԷԮ
Ȼϵκ󣬽÷֣ħħ񳹵ϵ
˿ؽҲٿ۾ԵרЩ
ã

֪׹˼գúȻյߵĴ֪صƻǶѾˣӣ
滹һų˵
ÿ˵֣ľмֲ˼飬صˣô
߲֮ǰҪôôҲۣ
ҳ÷λϵ⣬дǽһȻ޲ôס
߽ã֮ĵһ£ҪĻծûƽɵծҲüǵͷϡ
ϾǧǰǷµծټԼǵĻǿǲͰҲˡ
ôؽĿŽʱʱ
ЦЦȻһָɴô˶صĳ嶯
Ͼ
Ҳֻѣõ׻ҪȥһˣԤԼ֮ǰƼƹµСɰ˲˵Ƿһʾծ
һ̣˲˾ƽϺȾƵԭ򣺽оƽ
ؽקס˽õ䣬һԹɵģãװװ
ԭҪǰһؽײԼĴ䣬һؽϣƢ
ûа취ֻһ۽ؽʵʵ⣬ؽŽΪħÿˣԴ
ãȥȥͻأ¡
Ͼڵؽ۳ɧ쵱ﰥ
գþؽһִͬأ桢ѩѵȺʱһλ˲֪Ҫ뽪ö˵仰
ȵؽһ˾;֣ôŤŤģ
ؽõ֣ۿȥһˣʾ⽪ãܳȥ
ΣֻӲͷƤ˽ܣҵ¡
ʲôۣɶûȽ˵һ仰أȫ˽һ۾ģ
ţڣȻҲ˽Ϊµһ죬һΪֻǮ
ǰһţ㣬˽Ϊ˵£Ϊ֮죿
˿ŷΪβ¶ݣѩüͷ
Ǹ֪ͨңҲñݺ񣡡ǳЦҡͷ
һУΨޱ飬Χһж롣
˺꣬׼Žȥصʱȴվ˳ʾҪ뽪˵˵
ÿ˿ˣҲԴ˶Էһۣɫؿ˽á
ؽס˽ã룬ؽ֣ؽȸȥ
ԣȥȥòã
ã
ؽŽõ֣ʼղϷšϸ۾̧ͷȥؽһ˲䣬ؽѹҲʶ˹
񡭡˲ϳؽϾҲֻһˣѹ쳣Ĳ
ǡѾռİŮ
޳Ҫץסֱ۵һ̣ؽ֣ѾԾغһ
ԣԺòãʱӦҵģòãؽͷؽ͵˵ͷֿһۺתԹԸǵ
˿޵ȴ˰֡
һʼʹûнõҰôôãһЩʲôأ
ø˵һ˵ĵص㣬Ȼһڣȴ˵һԼɵ飬ǧؽ֪ÿؽ
˵ʲô𣿡õı鿴ǽţҡҡͷóһɰݵϡ
Լ׵Ҳֻǰ̾һŰɣá
ףĻ˵ڣǱˣ٣˻ѡ
ÿ˿ɰʶҪƴǵʱѾ뿪ȥ
ûܿ޵İ߽࣬ãѾǳŵ
Դ֮ǰŴ뿪֮ʹǻ˳ţһٻΪ˳µ
˵ƣˣ
õͷûб̸ܻһ㣺֮ǰֻʣһָܻʲô̶ȣʵҲ̫ˣ𣿡
ƺЩ콪þȻܿ죬ֵͳȥ߽ãܲãϲ֪Ӻʱ𣬶˺ܶĿر¡
һ˵ԼǰĿģаҿԴƻس𣿡
˵⻰ҲԾԵĵͷжԲаɼȻаȻƣǷһСת
ԣûشĺܸɴࣺǮ㸶ߡ
аأҪҪҲسţ볤ţ˵úܾ
ףԼ֮Ըһ룬ȫǿĸϣǷݻ㾡ĸûô󷽣ԼҸ׵ĸжֵ
ÿ첽ȥأԭڵģؽ߻ʲôӣȴû뵽ֱӾϳؽݣؽҲ󷽷ˡ
ڣûнԤɧһƬڣؽº͵йͻ顣
ؽħı仯ؽҲһһ˵ڣһҡͷֱؽ˵Ҫŵ㣬ôԡ
ֱǣʲô˵ʲô
ǰҲǰסõ֣ãؽͦ׵ģ˵ʲôʲôôԣɲ۸ؽѽ
ã
ʲôԣǰкڡ
ôȥؽûؽȻشأΧ˵ؽˣܹԣ
ã
ɵȻǵˣȻЯͬС
ǰؽӣûǴ粽߱ȽϺá
ؽսʵ˵ʲô춯ֱ֪֮µһڶˣ
һȺһһԣóһһĽۣҪؽߣؽ뿪
ҹؽͬ˯һݣؽؽЦö쵽ȥǣ̲ס
ô
ؽ§˽ã棡
׼浽ʲôʱ򣿡
ǧǰ㲻ɷ˵ݾܾòңһԲңֻʣһƻǣԻһ㣬պҵ롣ؽ˵ţֻһ־˾õ
úòײͬܵң׾ͷŹô
ã
װкڡ
ؽȻڣ˵Сƭӣ
ã
л˵
վţҪҪңҹѽ


107 
ȵ, ָˣգ˺һ۾֮ȻӴԣδħ, 㱻ħɣ
ؽһ, ½̻Լͷõĸ첲ίίħȻ, ˵ֻҪ, Ҳʧȥ㡣
ҶˣǧΨһ׷Ľħεչʾǰ
֪, 㵱ҵһůĻ, Ҷ, жпô
Ƚ˵ʲôؽְ˽õĶͷ, һҫؽӿȿֺؽ뵽õڡ
Һ, ұħҪԵ

ؽ䵽öߵĻ, òԾ˯˹ȥ
֪ʲôʱ, ۾ͷԼΪһƱȡ, ûԭԤԱ͵ħ, ۹͵ؽϡ
۹, ֻؽ, תȥ
Χһ, ƺЩûӦһ, ͱؽ͵ر˻С
, Ǳ滨꣬Щ죬ָֻ̧һؽΪʲôˣһڰ
ؽû˵ֻԽ
ƺ֪ΪʲôؽˣΪħ磬ؽһ֤ͬа˵ԭ꣬ܲӡħ
ؽţҪȻԭꡣ
ؽУֽץסؽ䣬ؽڵͷȴֻᶨظκһһǣġ
Ҳ̫õģ𣿡
쿪ʼؽͿʼħһ㣬޽ϴһڵʮΪһǿܵ˺ѵʹ
ÿÿǸʱؽͻὫСؽУκ˺
ΪؽɣǲȾѪġ
Ȼԭħһ𱻷ӡ󲻾ãؽȥ˹ŵʦ𣬲ǿȡ˵ǵħڣʴǵ˿ڣܣ˲ɲɹ
ǵʲôӰһеؽҪĨȥǲֵļ䣬ȻؽҲû뵽ǣΪǵǣ̫ܼӰ졣
ֻǴ֮ؽͺЦˡ
󲿷ʱ䶼ϴϴˮһˢĿڵĶħӡǡ
żû壬Ҫȥһǵĥӡǣؽͻץס֣ĸܳ󣡡
Ҳó󣡡
ٵȵȣٵȵȾͺá
ʮؽǿдֻ֮ţһΣؽǲҰܣҸΪǣħƺҲĴڡ
ؽһ֮ͬŵģħ񲿷ֵ
ֱ޿ɶ㣬ֻܳؽﱼȥ
ؽһѪԭѾһϢǸʱȴ֪ӿһסǹħ֡
һʱضɽҡϴرߵһл˲٣ܺ£ؽȴ࣬һ߽Уһ԰οû£ΣҶϣš
ؽΪϣ
һڵӲ˹ؽѪİ£ںԼ˿ں󣬳ŴȺӣӴϴǱҪκ˿Ҳܡ
㣬𣿡
ȵ˶ɢˣδǰһȴؽһ
ؽ·һ㣺ǸʱԸվҵ󣬸жã
޷ش⣬ֻܰģСèһ㣬һؽʹȥͷ
ܿ죬ؽԼĸ飬Ҳ֣ͷ¡
ѾˣΪ㣬Ҳٿˡ
һᰲĵĵţȵ㳹׻صߵһ̡
ۣҪֻضٴΡ
ʵϣؽҲˣʮţһһΣؽϴֻ֮š
ǵħӰ쵽ÿ֮ſʱᱻؽסһ֡
ңһʹɽȥ档
Ǹʱһϣÿÿؽһ֣ܿ
ؽϵĶħӡԽ̵̣ط·һͻѪȴһֹؽĻ˵ڡ
ʱԼȻؽߣؽԶϾദĴ󲿷ʱؽ֮һֻء
ֻСǿֱ̼ˣͷһǺӡ
һˣң
ֻһ仰֪ؽʧˡ
һΣؽһ˵ĻŲĵҪֹؽٴֻء
һΣƺʲôµתؽߵǰɵ֡
㻹ǵõһɽµ𣿺ܺúȣҴһȥȡ
ؽû壬ԹԵؽ䣬ؽɽ¡
˼פ㣬һΣؽƺٿ֮ţɽʮꡣ
ʱãʱеˡ
ֻǣȴûʮױȢ
㵽ʲôʱȢңڴﶼ˵ͣüˡҹױͷһؽ׶ˣΪʲôؽһļģ
Ҫ޸ңؽһ߲ͷһֻһѭѭա
ߣ˵⻰ġЩı͵ͷ
ؽȴ˳ƶÿҪ޸ң𣿡
գһ۾ζؽҲصͷ
ؽЦˣƺؽЦΪĵһΡ
ҪӦңٷʲô»Ȫղ֡
ؽµһǣƺмֲмָжؽµһǣŽЦŴӦһţ
ţ
ֻһĵƻؽ߹೤ʱ֮󣬽úȻ׹Ϊʲôֱ˿̣Ը⽫ƻǻ
ڵӦŵ
϶Ļظ֮ǰʹӦ顣
˯Цץסؽ֣ؽƺЩţľȻ˺
ٿԼ۾ŽŵؽЦ»Ȫղ֡
ؽץסȻͲһ£Ȼӿֳ־£·ڵĽһ˵ⲻƭ˵Ļϡ
һΣüᶨظһ仰»Ȫղ֡
ؽۿ͵غ
ٳκεǲ߸ħǲңӦңһΣԲԼ
ؽ֡
ҲӦңǲ߸ħǲңҲԲԼ
û뵽ûһؽ㶣ȴܿԼݣᶨصͷ
»Ȫһؽ룬ǴӦģٲ
ϧƽǱߣֱڻûϢħķ籩ĶҪ󣬵һ̣ȴҲò˼
ڱȫԼͬʱȫȫ硣
δؽʲôһ˴ҴҴǵ⡣
аа
ĺ˺õģơ


108 
ؽԭ̧ĨȥƵ, ֪뵽ʲôĽȴסؽ֣ʾȱȥ
⣬֪治ʲô, ȴɱһ˿, ûǰţֻԽ
ˣа, Ⱦ
ֻҪԾȻ, ʲôԡ
аǰˣ֪, Ҵ, Ǹ
Ĵ, 㣬ò, ֻҪԸ֣Ը, ʲô, ԡ
м΢Ŀƿһ, ɽ, ĿԽ˻а, Ѿܵĳͷˡ
, ־Ⱦòã

, ؽ, óĬ, ˸ؽĹ, ôĬƵĿߣ֪ʲô
ڣվؽȴһס˽ãûͷؽŽᶨص˵ͷʾ⽪Ҫ߳ⷿţԴһ
ЦЦҲؽ˵ͷ
˾ôƵǰ޵ƼԼгˣȥŷ־Ȼа߻һɡ
֪ǼʻǱʲô˿˲ƵĿڣԽмᡣ
ʶҡͷ΢СĶ뽪У̾ƣȻֻơ
ҪʲôǰһߵƵǰ
ˮȻɽһƱ˵һ߿ݹǵģȴһЩϸ΢˿ڣǴһ˻
ֻĻǣȴˮϴȥĴڡ
ȾѾܵĳͷˣ㣬ԾĶ𣿡
ȲߵҲһԾĶ𣿡
ƲԾؽԼŲؽȥԭԥǷҲ˲ɢ
Ϊ˾Ȼ㻹ʲô£
ǲúȻֺµֻһ
ΪܾȻʲô㲻ҲҲʱ̰ɣΪ˾ȻԼİˣʲôԡ
ƼɫƺЩݣǰһֱŽõ۾
ͬǣаˣôˣԸ㣬㣬㡣
ҵÿһǿԼ߳
˵ʲôþһǰƵ죺˵ЩʲôұˣҵÿһԸңңң
ȡɹǵЩִԴƴλľòһ˷ӡħʹЩЩʲôأ
һ˹¶ọ́˵ףҲֻԼһߡ
ƿʼЪ˹ʽã˵õһˣߵֻʣһ˵ˣҲа
ԶҴҵĸˣƽӳ󣬾ͱǿȥˣòײûѵ׿㶼ѺȥǩͶԼ²ǿ
һתۣƾͲ֪ȥҪа
һ֣ͳͳ˹ˢˢ
ŵڵϣƿģǰһסơ
ʦ㣡
ֽеЩӲסǷɬֻƶ߸£ؼҡ
ƿ޵ʵ̧ͷҲԼҰڳһܹεˣֻ˵ҰһʵسĻꡣ
ƵͷյְԼĿͶ˽á
ƺʱվȥ
ҡ³ڣƺҪ뽪˵ЩʲôѾߵǰһֽͨ뺵
ǵһΣҲһΡ
˽õ˼ÿ޵˯ȥԭҪ뿪ȴ̲ס뿪ǰʽãĲҪٻسһ
ԸĻǲҲһ㣬ϧʦʦʦùϵ
ǿġϣžµ
һΣҵĵΪֹúĴĻ
һֱߵ·ǲƫСйоأǰϰʱҲûмˣԶԼжϣκεϵ
ҲΪˣĲ磬ǲϻţҪһŰϡͿȶš
ǽÿԤƵԼãͻ֣ᷢ޴ġ
ֻڣ㽪óȰҲûʲôãЩӣԼһ飬˴ǲŵġ
ֻҪ磬ôôǾȻطǻǾȻƣ߳ΪŵóٿԻЩöûϵ
Žļ֪˵ͷûٶʲô뿪ˡ
Щŵǰʽãĸϡʲô˼
һۿȥ̱ʾþչһѣȴܿܣˡ
ܿô
ôԾѾ̫ңԶûбҪٶ롣
£и鷳ƽôծ񣬿¾ƼͿգҲȫֲ
ǳЦſã񣬾ͺǰǰծĹӦһģһǡΪ׬Ǯü䡣
ˣǽɣ
Һ֮ǰһ¥֮ǰŴʱɹݣҪʵҵ֣ҲǺѡ
һҹ֮գǷ仹ɽ磬¥ƼҵﶼϼһΪɲݡäݼ
ݷųȥäݼͼҾȵķ֣äﵥϡеݾỹؿ˵ؿǵһڵıҩҲݿɵ
֮ûȺ󷽵ä˵ǰäвͱϴһա
Ϊˣ¥׷¹أÿÿֻʮäС
רŵĻţ⳴äм۸񣬻ͼԼ档Щͳͳ֮ǰԤϵɳȥؽɽһץ˼ͣץݴȥ
֮ÿһӰ¥ȥäУͳͳͳһ֤
ˣΪäСƷһµ󣬾ɽ綼Ϊ֮һ
äֻһֿΪĳ֧ҵȥǮôý˶ɽ󲿷ֵطɲֲҵչ
ΪһԤģɵ۸ɵȶ˼ɽħṩ˼ǿ֧֡
һԾΪеҵû뵽ССʯܱǲôŵŪôĻֱǷʤ
һƬķ˿ûвš
ƻص֮Ϊ֮ǰǷµծòǲɢ˴󲿷ֵĵӡ
ʱ·ӽõС񷿣ĺڡ
Ǹʱ򣬶עһΧͺˡ
פˡ
תͷǷǣǱԼ˹֮ǰһҪƷӡ
ķǣȻѾϰˣ̬ȴƽ˲١
ʱ㵯ι㣬һʿһ㡣
أ
һ⻰ͼҡҡͷ̾׹ƣֻɻﲻϳ
ֻǣûи˳ֻ֣£ڰӰˡ
̾˿ȴȻ뵽ʲôһ㣬֪ʦƵĹϵô
ʲôϵ
мֲ죬Ҳ㶣ҡҡͷֲԾļ
Ůϵ
㵵Լ۾
ôһɲǣȻʶԼһֱڼֵһЩءǸŮϵҲ˵ùȥаأ
ҪȥаһˣֱԼһҪŪ£ȻҲû⵽ߺһħסš
Ӧ˵ϣصڵӣƵƵϡ
նطϣٴħ񣺡ͿԾȻ𣿡
ħǳЦ֣һΣֹ壬ʶҲһҡ
ǰֳԼεħ񣬺ۿٴһ䣺ԣͿԾȻ𣿡
ħ˻һѳ嵽ƵǰֱƵ۾
㲻ҺĹ֮£ᱻˣ˭أ
֮ڻվߣΪֻǰ㵱ʦ㡣һ֪ǸŮϵƾŹȥаµЩ£Ϊܴڳ𣿡
ƱסԼͷȥ
ħЦƵ°ͣеĿ־Խ̵ӡļС
ԣҪʶһҰ
ħ񻺻ߵߣݺڵħ˾Լܽơ
ŬҪħֻԼãƣѾԽԽԶˣͺвҪսɳ󡭡ȷ紵Ѿɢء
ǵõʱʱôԼǸġ
޵úһֻӣ۾ƴȫҲҪȥһ
ϧħһߣһе顣
ʧ
صȥľȻ
֪Ǽһصȥͬλãʲô飿
˵ʲôħƶߴһɱ㡣
Ӵ˲ڡ
þȫһ˿ȻûȴħԱߣͱħһ֣ʲôʣ
ħ壬ʹεʹ࣬˶ڲͣĲ
ˣˣ㲻Ҫĥ
ǰһͼԼȥ˿ڣȻû뵽Լ˺ʱһѪ³˾˹ȥ
һ̣ƺȻʶȥˣ䣬ʲôûʣˡ
ǷǡԭŵĽϰߣһΪɢ޶磬ᱻЦ
аռ󲿷ֵռ䣬ߵֻҪ΢һɫƱض⵽аĴѹ
Ǵʲôʱʼа֮ʵ⾹ˣ
Ƶһۿħ񣺡Ϊ㣬ƻңŻ
ħԥһ⣬ȵƱȵڵأô
ҸԻصȥʱΪʲô˵
սԼȭͷħȴЦŸƣ벻ϣΨһһɻܰƵ
ԼҲԹаȥæأ
ûۿһۣ
ħ˻һ뵽˵ԼǱԳܵһĻ
޵˺ѷΣаվ·ʯͷһ㣬Ӳһûϸ
ǰаûѡֺαħأ
һжаĴĴ
ƼħȴĿյȥĶһһƻһΣֹ壬ʶҲһҡ
ƽʶؽԼֵħȻôһ˲һ΢ġֹסƵĶ
ʶǿѾԲѣʧȥԼʶ˵ڵġ
һ̣ƿʼҪ٣ħڵĵط
ħȴûиĻᣬòײصˮ޸Ľűħݺݵʴˡ
ħܽ꣬ʶԼĵƣϵʧ
ҪһƿȨһƿȨĵһõһԳǣסаעĿܡ
¿Ƴܲסԡ
ڷǣʲôãҲһ¡
ʶһҡ
ŭŲħЦһԼƵ塣
һĥƣһ߻ĥԼոշֵģĥҲӰ쵽мֵ⡣
ˣҪʱħȴ֧˵Ǿ䣺Ⱦҡ
㣬Ⱦҡ
һ̣ķ߱׹ƣԼȣ֪ħı
ﲻӿֳĻںҲ˲еİҪΪ˵뷨
ǵġ
һʼ²ажá
ʵֻҪԶԶض㿪ͺˣֻҪ㿪Ͳᱻħƻףôߵһģ
ʶǰǰɿɤħ뿪壬ֻҪħԸ뿪԰Լһжħ
ħһԵúܴ󷽣ûĥԼ޲޸һһ㣬ۿɼ˿ȫϺˡ
ƴ˵ħһۣȻħùԼ֮ʲô㡣
ħȴЦŹƻƣֻҪ룬߸һ̣ĸףͿԾȻ
ңܾȻ
Ƶ䵽ѾغһܵϣƸʧ
֪ħĥֶΡ
ȴȻЦһħһΣͿԾȻ𣿡
Ǹʱƻ֪ԭħѾţŷǣΪѰ뿪˳š
һΣֹ壬ʶҲһҡ
ԣͿԾȻ𣿡
ԣҪʶһҰ
һۣԼַŵħϡ
ʧȥʶһ̣۽ǻһᣬ֪ߵһҪһûйֹˡ
Լ
ħƣ˵̰ŰеĹ˸飬׵Ϊһ塣
Ӵˣֻܹƻˣȴƿ˼룬ǳסԽһߣѿ֣
ħ̲סЦ


109 
ؽо, ĪһֲӿؽĿڣԼ˯Ľã΢΢ͷ, һ, 
˴ȥű, ôƽɡ
ƽǱߵ, ΪܵħӰ죬ʱʱؽóƽɵ˼, ܸ, ӵûһʱħ񵽵ҪЩʲô
֮, һ˴Щ£, Ⱥúšƽɻδ䣬ȻؽͳԴд
֪ô𣿡
⣿ƽ, Ȼ, ǵ۹ӣҲǸСѾͷĸס
ƽɲؽΪκȻ, ֻ˳ؽĻͷʣôģ
һȥħ, 鷳Ҳ˵, Ȼȵ۹׷ȥʱ, Ѿˡ
ƽɣ
ؽ˵ʲôЦ, СѾͷںôҲؽĵ˰, Ц
ƽɳ, ԭҪؽһ, ȴؽ֣ص˵ⲻǿЦǾ棡ҴӦŬǶ㲻Ҫ³çǵʱ򣬾˵
ƽɫЩݣؽȰҺѳɵ£ȴûʽʮױĻ棬ѵ㲻뿴𣿡
ˣʱϺõơ
һ˲ͻ˾ƽɵ飬ƽһﰵСӵͦһ߱ʾħƺһ޴Ŀռ䡣ռУЩֲ⵽ǻþıħŪһ֮ĵط
⣬һܵһɺϤϢҿ첽׷ȥʱûټ
ؽϸ۾ƽɵĻܾãʲôط©ˡ
ܿƽִıʾԼЩطһǣؽڹ
һҪһ䣬ܸӣûó׼Ҫ
˵꣬ƽɾȶؽ硣
ؽ죬է֣ӺܿͻҲѹ
ؽһ۷ش̣һ˻ħɽܶħ
ˣؽʶһħԺУħûػһ䣺ţ
ؽۣٵԼʶһħ壬ֻ΢ˣ֮ǰǿ˲ٺ󣬵Ҳġ
Ҫ㡣
ؽ˵ĺȻħȴ̲סըëڻʹˡ
Ҫҵˣءħͷɻһڻȥħɽ
ûѾΪ𣿡
һ룬ؽ΢΢ִżƣȻħħը˹ҿǰɣ㡭
۰С˰ôͱһջأ

ȵħħĲ֮ؽɫйھƽɵ齻ȥ̽·ǣһκȴȡ߲
ȷ˲㣿ħԭҪһؽȻؽİԼȥʱħħࡣ
ħܻѭǽħͬҲ˳ɡ
ؽǣǿ֮ˡ
ѹ֮ǰħҲ˸Ȥ
ˣǿȥɡûħħп꣬ؽߴٵ
ؽħԽõз˳ȥħķȥ°˯ߡ
תѺһ۾ͿؽǳЦһ̣⡢˧硢˰ġ
ܿ죬ͱʱ˵Ĵˣص
̾˿ؽץסõ֣Դ͡
룬ƴؽĺ⣬Լˡ
Щµվǰɽƺû뵽ԼȻһ嶯Ҷڽа˼֡
аһǰʱʶվ߹ȥҪסа
һ֣Ҳѹ
ûٶȦӣֱ˵ԼеĿģΪõĿ߿Ļᣬаһ㲻֪ƣ˵Լί߹ȥܵƫĶԴ
ȻûУһֱŽãȴֽĳֻǵЦЦתƫͷģЩʲôأ
ֲڲҪˣѾ˰ҵˡ
Σӵ˵㻹ǸˣҲҪˣҲҪκڳŵС
ԹȥһУҶԣҲҪˡ
һʶаѾȥǺԶĵطаϳףѾͬһλˡ
ǰҲǵǸӲӳŶӶСŮˡ
ƺҲûκεɣ
ǿվǰаûʲôҪƻǷ߷ǡ
ÿȻʶ仰Ҫļơ
ڵĽ˵ֻһҪĹȥˣڣҪǰ
˼һ£վԴһһ㽨ԶڹȥȻѾΪ˳ŵһ֮ӦҪģǿδ
ֻпδϣ
ܿȥĬվڽǰ֪ѾԼ⣬Ҳûжļ򣬾ͱߴ˳ȥ
ոճȥþͱˣ׬Ǯ⣬Ҳ׬ǮֱҪԼű˵һȤؽֱҪؽȢ档
Ծıĳӭų߳䣬ΧЦ٩Ľã˽Ǿ䣬ѾҪʲô˼
ڳźаԣõĽ˰ɡ
߳˳ŵδ
ԾҲͷЦЦȻ߶Ѿѡ½⣬ŲŻʲô˼
ȥưɣơټˣֻҪ˻ڣңҲڰɡ
ȴʦַһ̣ţҲϣδ
һţȥٶȶ˲١
Ҫʱرȥ˼伯УȥһЩȥưС⣬ָһ٣ʣµȫǮȥһɵ
ɵƣ̾˿
ڣʱ֣ص˳š
һţͲֲԣǿһʮֲζЩ̱ǣϸϸȥֺ
ơǣһˣ
źһ䣬Ȼڿյģȫûһ㡣
Щż̸˳ߵ᷿һţŰģƶڣĿֻЩľն
²⣬ǲΪˣոտҪ˵ʲôƾ
Ժе뷨Ҳһ룬Ϊϧƶ֮Ժ
ޣѾûˣһˣ㿴ѾˣһǴ
Ҫó˭֪ûжƺȻ⧲ôͼ
ʲô
ԣһƿƣƱƵڵأûпֻЩί۾
Ծ̧ͷ۲Զ¶𱸵ķǣ²ǲǷǵ⡣
ǸĸŮϵôҴҵˣƲ
֮ˣĵطɲֻʣⳤˡ
뵽ǿĲǰһƣʦ㣬㲻˽ţļңԶļҡ
ȴɷ˵ǰһѱסʶҪƿƣ룬Ƿſ֡
ءſļϿ޿ˣƵĿޣӿϧԽ˼֡
ֻħԼ֪˿̵жôĵ⡣
ôľ룬ֻҪһ˲ͿԳȥǼ塣
ʦأ
ѾΪ˳ŵһ֮ĳƺûʲô仯ʳ仰ʱֻҡҡͷûлشȴ֪ΪԼǾһƿˡ
һƿŹ쵽ŵһ
תͷȥַϵı飬Ҳһֿ̰ģ
ħ
ֻﶯͷ͵Լ˱ϡ
ѾƵħȻвˬȴѧʹ޵ģʲôΪʲôҪƿԼ
˵ֻԼüͷ
ۼҪһʹƣƶڵأһƬѪ˳˿ھ
ʦ㣿һ㶣û뵽ƲԼĹ㶼ûж㡣
ɵڵأдʣ㲻ҪˣȻҪˡ
һ̣ҧԼ²ܵħӰ죬ֲӰ˶٣ֻȳȥ˱Ҫӽơ
˭֪뷱һ˱ϣ̷ȥһһӲҪҧ⡣
ʹȴˣֻܲԼԼǵľ롣
ͨһ˵ˣǰƶŮ˵ǲֽıħ񲻶Ŵ
ҲģֻҽΪ£Ҳķġ
ӴˣǾһˡ
һֱĹ飬ƣɢ˲˵·˺ûˡ
ʦ㣬㣬ǣ侲һ㣡
еһħŻڷһǿţ˺֣뷱ǣ½˱ϡ
ֵһĻˣħѾ֣ջѾϹȡ˽ҰֶΡ
뷱ǾôӲĳıײֱײѪģ
ħĴʵܼ򵥣뷱ǾôǰȻ飬ҲȻǻᱻҡ
ֻҪҡôһΣлõ
ˣŭһγɵϣ뷱ǶԽܵǣħĿ£ǶֽţҲҪıײ
һ̣ʶħ֣жôĿֲ
ոȼϣתۣͺƵĻһ㣬ħʴʲôʣ
ʦѾ𣿡һ˳۽ǵ䣬ȻϢ䵽ڵϵСϡ
ħ˹ƣȥ
Ҫõʲô̧ͷħħƵгȴɿƣżһ֡
ϧҡ
֪ģڳôɲǱһĴڡ
ʲô𣿡
ʦϧңʦϧңǶϧңҵһ
ģŭһֱħ񿴵ɫֱӴţ⧲ʹһѪ
뷱ûѣֻЦӯӯǰ
Ҫ֣Ҫа
ԭԹҸֵӣаһһжˡħƵ壬յߣϸϸؽôһִĳţаôõĳŸ
ɴԼ۾գеĹ⣬ȴΪħĻϨԼ·һޱߵԨƬԨֻкڰڰʹĺڰ
븴ɣҪϣҿԸ㡣
ңһеĸԴͻ᳹ʧ
һеĸԴٵа뵽˵ʱؿаǳӣйϣĽ顣
ǰǸʱǺεȵĳϣ
أ
Լǵ˫ѾʶƣȻħЦ
˵ô࣬޷ǾҪõҡ
ϣĻ㣬ǳǵľ
ˡֻ뿪ħ񣬺ͬھɣ
ӣħ͵طӦҪʲô뿪ʱȴѾס
ѵҪ÷ƶһȥ𣿡ħż뿪ĹȴͣΣͷħһƴյǰ³֣Ⱦҡ
ȻĹһӾͱˡ
ħ֣仰ЧǶǶֱǡһ㡣
ȻħԤϵǣһǰ§סƣ۽Լϡ
һһң˵
ħ͵شЦѾױɣϣǻҪġ
̧ԼնħһۣûͣԼϵĶ
ߣɸɾ뿪зǣһ
ķаؽй֮޲
ħһӻˣʼĹȴʼնûзſƣһ߳ħĹһ߻ض˵û£һġ
иңһ𡭡ˣһ𡣡
һ㲻ôȻûдκεţĪģƺӦʲôתͷڵķȥ
ոҪ뿪أؽȴ֪ð˳һΧ˽õϡ
ҡ
ȱ˵Һúÿ㡣
ǡ
ȥšؽڽͷһǣһֻǻһСֽڽûע⵽һ˲䵽ؽǰ
ؽĬĬյֽ
֮ǰܾʲôط©ˡ
һֻɺϢ뷱ǳطȥԺΧ翵Ʋ㼰ǰİߡ
ǡ𣿡
ѩתͷֻ˵һ䣺˯ɡ
Ӧûһ⾰ˡ


110 
, ӡ
ħһڳŵعߣһ߸̾Ҫǳ׽Ƶʶ, ߾ȫһ治ӵó
˿, ΢ȥһ̽Ͳѩɽӵ, γһ͵ķӡ
һ, ǳԤڡ
ҲҪô˿ͺް취
ħԼ, ܿ, ʶ, ħ磬ƽѾĸ, ŵģħħ
ƻҪӿˡ
˳ųŵعµİ, ħԼʶȥ, һ̣ͽõ˴
ۿؽ뽪ҪⳤŶ, ȴΧ˳겻µĸɼҵš
ؽƲ, ԸȥŮ, ӻǧһ, ǻʲô, ֱӸ, , ͻһеࡣ
Խ, ԭغɽ뿪˭֪ȴϵˡ
֪λ³Ϊ£
ϵԴǣնɱħ塣
ħ屻ѹǰκ˲ô뿪
Ծ;¶ͦģ룬Ҳûб粵תȥؽ
ؽŽһȲ裬еĲ񻰣ȴмֽţýҲ̲סؽ
֮ǰҲءؽ̧ۣԱϻˣۿɼüͷֶ˼ֲ
üǵݻ䣬֮ǰǳŵаʱ򣬱ȥɹǣһ˵ء
ǸʱƿǺܲģֱָħ塣
ɽҰƺҪѹţаţħĴţ˳˱ӵĿУȥħ
ʷݡؽͷϵͽǽõĳ
ȴ͵һվǸ㡣
Ǿɣҵţ
˻һؽҲؽɽһĵȳˣңŽõıӰĦһԼ֡
һΣýöһĻˡ
ۣ֮
ɽһĵӳߺ󲻾ãƾأңңȥϵħϢһҲˡ
ЩҪնħ֮Уȴһָϵ⡣
ħλεĶսǶҵĲ¡
ָ¹Ϊߵڰסĳһ̶ֳ϶ԣħҲǴﵽ˵߸ĿģϾ׵ģѲס
а֪
жãû仰仰ƫƫôӲشƿ˵ˡ
ûӦƵĻȴԹ˵ȥһĻᣬаǰеĳ˵һģһҲ൱Ǻϡ
֮ǰаǿֻŵģڵĽÿ򶨶ˣǱ飬Ѿһ˵Ҿ͵ڷƨ
㣿
ħۼˣʹһɫҪԱߵҲæǻ
Ȼû˵أþһ䣺ȵȣԣ㣬ȵȣ˵û̹㲻Ҫ廰ô
ߣ
ħ񣺡
һȻΪˣ
һЦħ̧ͷȥ֪ʱۼһȺˣȫڿŹһɵǣֻдδֹ顣
ħƺЩƵı鶼мŤ
㻹˵ʲôóü
ҲûпħĿ£߸ߵسվ֡
һĻаļҲ
ƾ˫֣һӿ˳ƵǹǲܿƵı¶ԼħѪһ档
ŵڣûǹӿħѪ˲ͱħ
ǿˣõ˵Լ˵ħлʯǿʯͷħѪ𶯡
ꡢŭҪǰһеĳ嶯ӿϽõĿڡ
ȥаžʹ
ڣȴĳڵλʹ
˵ħȻҳħɴһ·ߵˣ
մȾħϢͺȪˮڵī֭ϴɾǾ͸ɴϴˣ˴һը˰ˡ
ǡɴʱŮܵҴҸҲء
һۿģǱĽãħȥơ
ɢܣһܻһѰű
Ůθڴ˷
ǳֹֻðһ죬ڽ󣬳Ǹյĵһؽ
ؽĽ⻮Ƴգֱָüġ
ģȴ
ԿԻǵͷˣãҲǱҪŵˣ

ħҲãҲգȥǶɾȥǶ

΢΢һ㶣ǵ֮ǰؽаǸĿڸĵ쳣˳
ؽ˷ɼҶȴ޲𾪡
⻰ֱ˵ħҲħҪǽҪɽ磬Ҳ˳⣬ɽ硣
ʲôЦһս񰡣
Ȳ˵ħǱΣһƾ͹һġ
ħŵʶ˳飬·Ǻܲˬ˿̵ؽһš
ؽȴ˵ʲôһֱħȥ
аұͬʦáħ񵽵ûסؽĹһбڵأȳѪ
ͬʦãЦƣ³һ˲Ļ㲻ħͳҵʦˣ
ħתͷҪ˵ʲôʱȴû뵽ҴҴŮǵһʱħ
Ƿˣħᣬħƿ߰
ħбòƵ壬߿ޱСŮһԼί
˿ǧšһȥ˽õԭŵ
ħսû뵽ǧ֮ǻٴα
һΣҪϵģȴԼˡ
ƫִ˼㣬ħħʵ
ǧʦҡҡͷħϢմȾϵĶŵʦ඼Ĺˡ
ΨһͬģǶħִһͬţǼĵز
û뵽⼫˵һ棬Ҳᱻħ룬Խ䡣
ʲô˼ӣǣҪΪŮһս𣿡
ɽ粻ңû뵽ΪŮǾҪߵһ
ӻҪ˵ʲôʱؽ
ħѱħ񼤷˿̵ǣҪ˵Щʲôڶ˶ԣ޼¡
ֻд𣿡ٻԼþδùĽĹˣе಻ᡣ
ؽȴϸ۾нһɶħĳǡħڱǿдһ㡣
һ̣ؽ뵽˾ƽɣԤϵǣ߶ûü֣ħžͅһ޴Ĺֱ졣
ǿ
ҲüϾƹ
ԣƽɾԼһٳ忪ħţ˴˿̣ԭбѹħȻЦ
ڡڡ
ؽִ˽õϣ˶ܵһɴδйħžƽɵľٶͬڶҰǰֺħӿ


111 
ؼ䶸Ȼڰ, ɽζһз·ĩһ㣬͵ħ׷žƽ, ˷ܵزϴħ
ƺȻſڷӡһ, ħԽ˷ŨܵһʱһЩ̲ס˱ᡣ
ƽɺȻʶԼʲôתһҪ¹رħĴ, ɻû䵽֮, ħصһͳžƽɶȥ
ۣһѪƽɾôӲħĹ, ͬʱ, ӵȥ˾ƽɵ, һ֮
ֵǣǵƽ, ǰĻһ췭ظı仯
𿴣, Ǽٵģ
ƽɲԼѪ, תҪ룬˭֪Խ, ȴԵԽ
ûнӴƽɵĽǵӽǿ, ǰȥԮ, ƶһþ, סֽ, ħŲûб¹ر, ϶ԽԽ
ôȥ, 綼Ҫħ̤ƽ
֪˭һ, ϣ˲òнɱħ塣
ֵǣֻҪһħ壬ǾͻþһͣĶֱɡ
ǶȥȥƽѪĳؽ뽪ŭ
ؽһ£ŵħʱ뿪
ħħ֮У͸ޱȵĲ˷ܣ⻹ҪлؽѽҪħĹͨһ벻⡣
Ȼ˷ܡ
ħ˻һɼԣѩϼ˪ȫŵĿؽĪǡؽĶħˡ
ؽոտҪ˵ʲôͷԼȻһסˡ
ħ첻ѧѧǸôһԼĴⶼûأ
ǧǰҷӡˣʲôɇNɪģ
ǸϣǸǸϣбԼǴһٰ
ѹѹס
һʱ䣬˽֮ɼʦ붼ĪĬˣѩ򲻽ãڵҭ˲ٵ
ħƺԼ֮ǰӡ鹢ڻ꽪õĻҲԣٿأתһħɽߡ
ңֻҪһƬΣչ飬ǵв
ؽļؽһ䣺㲻ҪҳôڡõĻᡣ
˵գؽӦʱ䣬ֱԽؽµı󣬶ħǰ
һ̣ؽУ·𵱳аħĻҪݣڣؽٲ齣Ҳȥ˽õߡ
һΣҲӦҵģʲôǶһԡ
ؽ˽õְ֣ԼĿŵ˾ƽɵϡ
ˡؽ˾ƽһָۣǰѾƽɾȻµıС
ȴû뵽ƽǰŲߣӾȻͶؽˣڽ÷Ӧ죬˫ಫ΢΢㶣ֹͣϵĶ
תͷȥޱߵƴĩĺŽǣɽϮȥǱӴĵط޲ľή
ħʹ󲿷ֶЩ˻þҪֹҲֻнͬĻþ
⻰û˵꣬ؽͽرס˽ãü״ҲתסؽһΣһ𡣡
޴ħŵħ壬ħһԭħײһ̣ؽ뽪ǰ罥Ϊ
Уǧŵӻֵѩζڲţһ߶ŻþĹһͼƬþ߳ȥ
Ǿƽ֮ǰ˵ˡ
󣿡㶣̷Ӧؽ֮ǰþƽȥ̽·
ûؽشһϤ˲˽ؽע
۹Яֳڽؽǰ
ڡˡ
ؽһ˵ģ۹⿴ȥƽͣЦЦһ֣ڽؽǰ˲ȥֻһܿĵ·
ǣ߱ģ
ؽҪȥȴ͵סؽ֣ؽͷֽһľ衣
Сôˣһ𣿡
⿴ȥЩģ˵ʲôһĹͳ⣬˾ڰоʹ
ˣؽһʼҪֹãȴؽħĻþ
һ̣ؽȻ׹Ϊʲôƽþ
³ۼ֤ȥ̫ˣµźҲ̫ˣȻⲻֻħµĻþȴǲ
ħֻ΢ˣһЩСϷȴ򵥵ؾȫС
뵽ؽԼĿŵ𾢵Ľϣģʵڲǡиģ
¡һ죬ħ֪ʱع飬һĿڣŵ³Ѫ˫ֱֱصãȻôң
ΪβңΪβôħ֪׵ʱǱ̬ȥħô֪ΪĻþôô
ֱ񣬶ģ
ħһУþѣԭӿɽµħΪ֮һ͡
ħƽس˽õĶ棬ħȴһЦ߽ãڴе⣬Ǽٵġ
·ľͷ۹飬ȴȷʵڵ
Ҹǣúúõظлҡ
£еħˣűǿ׳˻þǷ֣ȥȥȻħǿл˻
Խǳõʱ֮ţԭֹؽһδεֻȡѵħҲһδεֻУȡЩǵĻǡ
ƴһżһ㣬첹ǿиôһĹ
Żѩȴ̲סɫ׵ֱŻ˳
ĽܲԼʦ˱ϷˣòǰܵǣڸոգſٴǻصֻôһСεʱ䣬ҲܸοЩǵ˼
ѩԽԽһֲӡ
ǿɶҵ¡ħȥһżĸǰȻĽַŵ˵Ĳϣ˾̬ûбģͺԼš
һǶһ㣬붼ԭء
ǧǰǰȺǽţϤĽ̵Ϊƽʹ壬ϧԼ
ȴôһħƵ³
˹Ƿŭ
ħôҲ벻̶̵ʱ֮ڣ˵仯֮
Ƚؽ˵ʲôħĺŽǾѾ졣
ǡԼԼˣмֻؿѩ
ѩȴػһ䣺Һãħ񲻶˵ĸ飬Ϊ׵߸𣿡
ѩðһ亹ƽɵ˿ڣ֪ƽ
ħһһ㣬¡
ѩ˼ûɢһµð˳Щ顭޷ױȥ
߲˵ᱻЩգӶתΪΪǿħ塣
ħУҪлؽĵطħĻתû뵽ؽֻһΣҲѧˡ


112 
Ƶת, ѩԤϵĸ졣
ǷǵĽֻΪħϣŭΡˡ㿪ʼӿ
ƫƫЩ, ħԽǿ
ѩһֽԼʦ, ֪ʦħٿأֵʱŷ֣ûԼô
ο, ޷, ǹȥЩһѿ˰̺󣬾ͻᱻħ̰ʳΪá
ҹĺڰһ, ޱ޼, Խصĸɽ, ڸסԭʵͬӲһÿͷϡ
Բħ, ԽصĽ磡žƽɵһŭѩصۿʪ
Ҫָ, صĵص, 뻮һԭ£Լһע뵽ϹŴ, ͬҪһ, һǧı硣
, һײ, ʱ, ܿԭصӵһ
ƽɳħȥ, ȴķ, ȻԼٸ, ֻҪ飬ԼͻᱻħʳתΪ
ħƺЩĹϲٿײ硣
Ҫȥͬ˺ħһ㣬ֻҪµı磬磬ûִﲻ˵ĵط
Լֵͼ˱ܣȴû뵽ħٿŵ붼ûͶ˺С
ԭͺǾ޴ѩμ״û޳ǰһһԼֵĹһ߾ֵҪˣȴ֡޿ˡ
ľǶϣʵϣǧŵ¸صӶħЩ޿κΡ
ȷţĹȴԽԽݣԽԽòʹԼ
һ̣һһͷҪôҪôױħɡ
һͷųҪ赲Ľһ룬ɴĽԼ屻סĵط۶ϣŤΣҲҪǰ
ԼʦԼǾı飬һ˲ʧ
ħ֣ʦҲľҲð벽
ò˵ħĺܻṥģܻ
Ⱥôħȴƿһ㱻ħٿ֣Ǹеħڽ£ʲôûʣ
Ϊǵĺ󱲡޷ǣֻǱħ˼̤
š
ǵ
ǧأϰꡭͷڰʣôһ̣Լ޹ô
Ȼ޹Ϊ˾֮ʱȴ޷֮Ӧİ취
Լʦ棬ǵʦǷбİ취
һ˼ȴֱҡҡͷ
⣬ǵʦҲ޽⣬ʦԼ磬ֶЦ˭ô̵ʱһһĴ𰸣
µصԽԽ࣬ƽɻͷһۣȻˬʵشЦһ˺ħţˣҪҲر
˵ţȥѩƺҪʲôһ硣
ιͷǣæ
ǧǧ꣬תתҲˡ
½½ŵӱԼʦ磬ħ޷飬ƽֻ뵽һ취¶磬ħ񣬳ء
λɵŻôһħĵơ
񣬵Ʊ٣Ψһģʱ䡣
ǧ󣬻µǵİ࣬Ҳ
ħƺҪʲôЦһǱٿӿȥһʱ䣬Ѫɺӡ
Щ鵽ʲô
һߣħħҲ뵽ⳡУܿͷ֣ħħĹЧֻǵᱻħʳ
⣬һΣħħȴ뱣˳ĬĬýЩͷԡ
ҡȻؽڽõʶ𣬽ûͷؽ¶һޱȾЦ
ؽ۾ԼЩ겻ȥħڵΪħɳٰĥ޼ŵʦ
Ϊ˱汻ԼĥൽһʱؽͻγһСͱֽ֣档
أԼʶǹڼįȻûȥԲı֡
񡭡ħá
ȥؽߣҪοؽؽȴͷ˽һ䣺Ȳѣ㻹ǻѡԼӡħ񣬶𣿡
һ㶣˼ôشʱؽȴ˵شЦ
תתǧֻغһ㶼ûб仯
ǣһΣħĵͳȥġ
ؽ̧ͷħҲˣħţŽÿƵغӡҰ
㲻ǡͷӡһ𣿡
仰ͺƵһؽͷؽۿ˲ˣҪħһ㡣üҪסؽȴؽ֪ʱ߻һ硣
Сƭӣ͵ԼһƭӰɡ
ŵΣǶҪһߵ֡ؽЦЦţᡣ
һΣҲٿǰȥˣԣҹȥһаɡ
ȴᶨطסؽ֣ӣ˭˵ӡħֻһ˵ġ
ǿһôţ㣬Ҳȥݺһ١
ؽãҲᶨĿؽһ룬ؽȴûýó磬Լ뿪ȥħߡ
ˣθþƽɱأ
ؽԤĶҪǿڶʱħƽ֣һֹرĽ
ħŭʶƣؽ
ؿ棬ֻô˿̵ľҵƭ֡
²˵ˣȥһ²ˣϢ
Ⱥ˾ˣԼǾñθеһ
ĸԴħ
ؽԼûʶѾħ壬֣Ʊʵȴħ
ħҪģһһĳô
ֻҪøҴ֣ؽһˣơ
ÿؽؽӦûѡħͬھɡ
һЦֺؽı֡
һƣ֧ؽǾĻͷãд
ħҲʶã÷ǣԼӡһ̣ʶ˵
ղŲͦŵڶʲô㣿õɣ
ٷӡһΣؽ衣ħ˵úֱס
Цһȴǰһ⻰ңΪ۷ӡ㣬ʵòʲôô
ԡںϰɣ
㲻ǺҪõΣ
õ飬һף˵ϡ
ʲô
򲻹ͼ𣿣


113 
, ħɵۣؽͬһðûӦģ
ħŽǺ, ʱ, Լˡ
ħͬѪħޱȴԿ, ħԾ, Ҳ޷̾;ܾܿƵ˽á
ؽȷӦ֪뵽ʲô, Ȼס˽, վ, Ҳħ񿪿ڵҼǵ֮ǰҲҺܸȤ, 硭һ𣿡
Цӯӯؿؽ԰, ֮ǰһֱҪ, ڣʱ
˵, þͰԼŵ˲Զħ, ħȴס, һźû״ĵضǶˡ
𣺡
ƽɣѳҲô⣡
ӣûǿأ

ԶԶȰο, ȴĿԽᶨؿؽ, Ҳһ, ؽҲԽĻס˽õ֡
û, Ĵӡħ, 磬ֱӽħɡ
˭˭أ
뽪һ㣬ҲڵתħħΣֻҪϣ߳
ƫԴΣվһ𣬴Ӵ˱㲻ٹ¶
ؽס˽õ֣Ŀʶ˸ոԼ±ֵĵط̲סӿ𼸷Ρ
ôģȻڸոһ̣ű֮
ؽüõ֣ŵԼǡ
ӦҡһΣȴǽ֮ŵԡ
»Ȫղ֡
ħźڲ֪ӿ˵ߣۿҪĿԵؽ뽪á
ȻһɫĹԾ֮£Ӳ׵֮Χؽ뽪ߵĺ
ɢȥؼԳӴΣǲۼһǿһ˲䣬ѹȵħͬħ壬档
Ůħдżֲ죬
Ǹִ߰żֱصŮĻ֮£ؽ뽪õߡ
ǵûծ
Ů˼ּ
һΣû֮⣬ͬؽɽһһ㣬ѡ»ع鵽֮ڣħ֮ս
ƹȻת١
˿ֻԼĿ·ŵЩ޷Լȥϡ
ȻŮҲע⵽Щ˲ɲɹ飬˵ʲôȶԼͼٻףЩ顣
Ȼ£ħƴγһЦ
˲䣬ÿһֻħĽŵ׶ӿ˱֮ǰЩһ޴һЩͻ᲻ܿƵرЩɡ
ŮûԤϵɫһݣʱջԼ
޴ģγɵȴûֹͣԼŵĽŲһأȴصɽʼصĽߡ㳡
ؽħҪʲô̴ŽøϵƽڵͼԼǿħһںϡ
˿̣عħٿϹԹؽ뽪õĵһ֣Ҫһؽ뽪á
ô£
ƽȲԾŮҲȥ˽ؽ
ƭʧܡ
мΣʵϣոؽϣֻôһ㣬ͿԹħϵؽɵħڳѹסħ
ߣҲô⡣
ؽΪµħ
£ŮĺһţħƺڻζȻò糹׻ٵؽ
壿
ǱԨ꣬ҲҪһ
ħʧ̬ЦţһЦһʹħħﲻһеضشһصӵˣһΣΪ⣬ǵûãͱһɡ
󣬾ҲΪеһԱʼܿƵعͬʦֵܡ
ûãشƣһֱŵĸŵŵؿޱߵգ˳һ㣬ǿӶȥ
һʱ䣬ֻҪ֡Ϳ̿
شڣƣɲˣ֪Լʤ㣬˿ҲݲǶ룬ܶ൲סһһ롣
ħԽӴһŮʶѺ壬Ҳֹסħ
ʶһģֻиͣսŵ
ٴβܿƵӡ
ɣΪĵڡ
ħǿץס˼ֻ壬һͷ֣ħͽȻΪǱԨ壬˹
㣬ǲˡ
Ȼò糹׵׵Ļٵ
һ̣ħҲԼִ˽õλãһޱ׺ĹֱŽöȥ
ؽȥǰ棬㱣£ħײǲ㱣֣ȻҲˡ
ħһȴ̲סЦ
ؽҪѧҲܳɹεģؽȴεģҪԼǽֻ󣬱ѿ
ƺҪؽܲס˱ѿľħʼʶ󶼳ؽȥ
ȻδӽؽΪ̫ħ̲סڵأҲܿƵѪ
ħãЩ⣬ĥؽһˣþȻ侲Ϭ
ûֱġ·ٿһ/ʬ񣬺һֻͺӥ
ɢޱĶϢħ̲סԽؽ䵽ǰ
һ̣ƺǽȴģһӵסħ񣬽Լǿںһ
õֱ۲֪ʱԼһ޴ĿӣħѪ˿ڴ£ջħҪһ̽뽪õʶ
ħһ̣סԼѡ
ǾôֻҪħһȫýϢΧ֮ڡ
ħ۾Ƴһ߲ӣڲϹؽȻôһ˿ȤζҪýóؽǰ
һĻ㹻ؽױȻΪƻҪȤ߰ɡ
ħ񳶳˽ãˤؽǰؽȻס˽á
ôһ̣ôޱһ̣ħԼ̶ȵ۳һޱͻһзĹֱֱŽõĿڶȥ
ֻҪ䵽õĿڣͻ᳹ؽĻУ䡣
ôһĻħ̲סҪǰ
˶û뵽һĻˡ
ԭʶ飬Ȼڽøܵ޴вһ̣ۼ˽õǰ棬Լ壬ħĹ
м飬ҷħˣؽҲɴ۾ԶҲ뿴˹
ħƺǲţƴճĹȻһ̣ĺ¡
ǲаһ÷𹥻ȻһģЩ鶼ｪãһһˡ
ؽô£
ϸ۾ƺҲףΪʲôһ̣Ȼ󵹸ꡣ


114 
СԲС֪뵽ʲô, ֻһ鷢ˢˢְӿ
ԽԽħվ˽õǰ档
ʲôƽӸϵ˽õ, ҡͷ, ȻҲ˿̵ԭ
ɱծô죿
ڣ֪˭ϸ΢, õĶ, ȴý˲Щɡ
˰졭
ԭһȺΪծܶļһ
Ҳ˴˿Ⱥǰϸ, ЩΪŵǮеĵΪ˱еֻǾ̵ܴˮ
ܵԭ, Ⱥһⶼվǰ, ħĹ
ϸϸħȺ, õĲ/ô
ҲζţֻҪץסȺе, ô, ҲԲٿȺ顣
Ϊ֤ĵ뷨ýԼħѪͷų, һ, ڿħȺǰ
ץסħ, , ܹǣаʦ仰, һ, ͽԼָͬʾ㳯ħ, ˲, ȺҲ붼Ҳħ
ûħΣǼһȺծ飺ʯ׸ħץסħ񣬶һʯ¡
һٶȣȺҲӿڱһΧħ
ħĵӣ򵹾ƽɣͿԾȻŵδϣ
¹һ㣬һһߵǰ󻯵ħ
ڣߵǰƽɲԾһǽŵԼʦ𣬲֪ǵΪΣ᲻Լȫһ¡
ֽץס˿죬ϻദÿһ죬ƽɼᶨصóһۣΪصδǺģԲΪ̰ͼħʲô
ħþƽϰȾƣǷһƨծþƽջججؽɽһҲžƽǷ˲ծ
ۣƽɲûһھüãѾͷ˵˵ʲôأ
һ룬ͼĿ⾼ؿһ̣ƽɿʼһ£뵶һ˵ǲزס
𻹱ȽϴȰҪȵħ
֮󣬽վֵѩʦǰһ̽ŵ˻ֵѩΡ
ħͿˣѩΪ˻ծԼСĲҩͬҩˡ
ѩμҪʲôֵס͡
Ȼһ룬ѩξջ˱Ҫµ
û취ѩСĲҩҩǶѽûˣʦ𻹲ħƴ
ȻȻʦһҪ˵ȴȺ󵶻ħ
ħЩͷסԶڸĽãֻñԼ˿̵ħ
һ뵽ٳٲԼںϣԼһκòԸȴֱԼһƶǴϣħԽͷ
ӵٶȻŻˣȴԽԽŨŨγסȺϿ顣
Ϊе壬ǷԼˡʦͷ󡣡
飬Ⱥأ
ħ䣬תͷȥǱħƻħ͸Ǵ඼ЩСţҲͬһɽĴš
˿̣ħӡĥȺͬҰһ㲻ϺУŽǰһж˺顣
ǣöͬΪԼɽ𣿡
ħЦţ㽪Ѿ֣ȥ࣬񣬲֪ҪʲôʱŻǸͷ
ؽ붼ûͶȺ˽ػͷƽӵˡ
ұħ²ȥ֣
˵գۿؽҪһа٣úȻؽǰ棬סؽ֣ʾ԰ꡣ
ħ񣡡ȻöħһҲħʶ
ǲǺܵ⣬һֱٿԵĶԾԼѾȫܹģ
õĻȻħ˼ħûзֻ궯ϢԽŨҡ
ȴȻֻԼֱۣħѪԽŨҼ֡
һ֪ԵĶ񣬵׻ж񡣡
ų˶ıУͲҪָţһֱ⡣
ħѪÿһħ͸̲סǰ˼ֻ֣ǰؽ̫ǿһֱûг֡
ԼħѪЩǰһȦ䵽ħϡ
ħĹֱӵħ񲻺ôʳħǣӵµ
һһȺҰһ㣬ѾĶħǶħӵϣǵĶħӡԽҫʳħҰľԽ
ؽǰһûԼУ̶ȵȥõϢɲħ񳹵ױʳǰЩӲõĴڡ
ħ˷ԼӿĶħ֮ͽʲôаʯͷԼĽš
ԽǿЩ˵ҰҲԽǿ/ЩˣҲ/ɡ
̣һеޱȵķ̡
ȺҰȫۣȫ˴˿̵ħԼǸʲôӣǾֻҪǲԺڸԭʶԽ
ӿŵħսʱҪһʰħɢȺҰʳҲɸһ㣬ʳ䣬άֲһȶ̬
ħ̧ۿǣֻؽεؽûڻУؿŶħıǣΪΡȴ޷浽ؽأ
áֻֻħֻںϣԼҪ׵߸ҰĲʵ֡
ħЩ˵ΧغԨ޿һĳöȥ
ֻؽƽɡӡֵѩΡԽԽˣؽ뽪֮ǰ
ǧǰа¶ĶԷӡȫͬסͬһֻô
ħһξãԼô˵֮£ή
Ϊ־顣
ĵջԼסҲЩؿŶħӡǵ˯
ؼ䶸ȻһƬţ·һƬҶƮȻض˲졣
ؽϸ۾ֻħԼѹѹһţ֪ʱᱬѿ
յؽֽ׳֣ƽɵȼ״ҲԼͽ⼸С
ȻħһƬȴϢ뿪ˡ
ֻһƬҫ۵ĹâУˣֳ潣⣬ؽʦʩ
˲˳ԽȺ뱣֣׼ȷĺؽ뽪õ֡
СС
ؽ뽪õ̲סһ£ϤϢֻһӰһģƺֱӶԻġ顣
ƽӵһʱסؽ뽪á
Һ˵ǲŸովʹࡣ
ǰǰһӲܵȥΡ
ħпǷãҲ巳
ã
ؽ
ѽʩЦźˡ


115 
ǵʱ䲻ࡣ
ؽ뽪óٳٲϳ, ʩȻһ䣬һ̣ؽ뽪ýǲܿƾǰһ, ھƽӵһʱסˡ
, ֻҪãʲôʽʵҪûعԵظпһ, һöС㶵һС
Ȼ, ·ǶԼԶ쳣ˡ
һ̣õٴβ˲
Ҫ˵׶ǴϹͷŽأֻⱯ˵һۣͺܲζ
Ϥýÿǰ, Ž, ޷ǰ, ͬ𿾰Ľýʶתȴʩһ䣺ĸ, ϼһ棿
ƺˣϸ˽õĶߡؽ˽һ, ֪Լ˿Ӧðｪ϶, ֪뵽ʲôؽ˽һ, ƽ뻤ס, ؽųȥʩǰ
, , ҡ
Сӣ͵תͷ, ۿ潣Ҫ䵽ؽ, ĶԼ˼, Ӧŷ, ؽȥʩǰ
ħйļƹʤ
˵ɣŮ类ˣ㻹ţ˰ɡ
ڽ˼һεʱʩȻתȤ⣬⵱;ٽһŽ̧̧°ͣʾ⽪ðؽó
ûһβ֣죺ܲеϢҾྣôҲǵһʽ棬ܲһֱɡ
䣬ؽӱס˽ãͬʱҲοĽõļ򣺡û¡
ôԽԽ˳ۣ
ˣôҲҹŴͽܣҳŻͦ˳۵ġ
ץסǾһʽ棬Щŵˣѵħٻ
ħ˵ħ񡭡һᵽħֿ֣ʼĻ潣ʩ״üǰһ߻һֹסĶ
ʱޣҪͣҿҲûбҪСǲħٻ飬û£ǵĻǣ潣ڡ
㣬ҲҪ潣ϡ
ϣòŷʣһ㽫Щ˵˸飬꣬һ£ԼҰģһħΪůһ֣һꡭ
򴽣̽ŽĽݵ˽õǰ
Сʱ򣬾ȡ߹һ꣬ħ֪ʲôֻ֪㲢ù潣˵Ȼ˵ȥˣýֶ΢΢
ò仯ΪΣʩȴȻ֮ǰؽȥħء
ؽĵͷᵽԼ˿֦ҶٻһĲ֣
ʱ䣬ǵҰ㡱
Ȼ˳۽ǻ䣬סԼתͷȥȴ¶ץ潣ֳŽõķ˵ݣƺʾ⽪ýӽ
Ȼһɳħӿ֮ǰ·ʧ˵ħһ춯صŭš
ܵħٻԭ˻Ҫħϵõ飬ȫ֮ǰΪħȾ˯̾ͳΪЩµʳ
ãۿЩʳ״̬ƽɵ˲ŷӦħ׼鶼ΪԼӡ
Ϊ˶Կ飬±ؽ뽪ҲȾս⡢ʩľ롣
ʩ㶵ؿ˵Ӱ
ѾǺءʩпһ䣬ȴҡҡͷƱϲʼնǳĺӡ
ʩȻס֣һˡ
Ī޺ۣȴҲסĵͷǰһˡ
潣ָ죬ħ潣࣬ӷ·Ҫ潣һɣȻأħ֣޷潣Ľᱻˡ
һ̣ħΪδ˿潣֡
ŭţģȴֻĿ潣գһͨʩܹǣȥڷսؽ뽪õǰ
ͽܡʩЦţȴս֣㻹ǵãǧǰŤתʱ˵ʲô𣿡
ؽ㶣ɴ۾͵Ҫ˵ʲôʱʩѾ潣ݵ뽪õǰۺʱʦӮ
潣ų޴ޱȵĹââ֮УøеԼСֺܵƤࡣ
СúóԷú˯ߡһֱڡ
һֱڵġ
Ǿ仰·ȻźʱѾ潣ӿľ޴ͷĿѣ
âɢȥ֮ʩҲʧ˵Ϣƴδڹһ㣬ֻ潣ţб⸲ϡ
ңն顣һϵ쳹ؽ뽪õԺ
ħһʱ䷴ӦӦ潣ԼӦ˵˰ǽԼ׼ȷһЩ
أȴȻһ䣬ؽбۿ˽һۣʶס˽ã֪һ̣Ϊʲôڵݽʱ̲ס
⣬棬ȴԳ׵ˣһ档
ƫƫħ˻ڼ߽ãȻԼѾתƣ֮ǰ潣ڵĻǣȻҲɢˡ
÷һ·Ƿŭȴָ߸߾ˣõؽοʲôѾʼ潣ĽȥնЩ顣
ؽԼһ·û˵κλֻĬȽƬսɨɾ
ƽɵԭҪæͳͳò֪ʱµı棬һ˻潣ĬֺƷйһ򲻶糱ˮӿ顣
潣Ľҵħܵõٻȥߣһȥָ潣ħĹɢ
ħγһź֮УײƵ塣
ʶѾҳɣɱңҲ
ϰϷ潣һͺԥ̴Ƶ塣
Ƶıǲ죬ŵصͷ˿̴Լ潣Ҫ˵ʲôʱ򣬾޴Ľγɵ˺ֱӽɢ
ô
ǧˣϷѾǧˣһֱӮô䡣
аа塭
壬ħͬ壬ô죬һ̣ħˡǿҵİ׹֮£ڸһ˵ֹסİ
ħ񣿡һϤǡ۹飿
ʲôܵػҪħܲܽϣڣȡ֮ѹסı꣺Ųͱ
ң취ȡ
ʲô룬ߣȥħ硣
ɡ
ϡﻩһصƺ˭ƿˣô˿Ҳڿˣ⣬븸׵۹顣


116 
۹Ц, ȴֱָ۹飬ʵ۹鵽׻Ҫʲôħħ, ħǸħѵ۹ô
, ңңһħ, , ̣㡱۹ﻹһѶ, ŵ͸, ⰥӴһ, ۹ŵöòסˣֱӳҪϷš
ǵŮ, ҲܣסҲˡ
С⣡۹˼, , Ͱ䣬û۹, Լת˽á
˽ü, ƺǲʲô, ֱ־ͿʼཪõСһô, ô󣿡
ء, ÿ, , ҪСС, ҵĻ֫ȴûЦһһ߲Ū֫һߺĵͷţСһﻹǺܽ
ã
ô֪ԭԸ񣿣
㵽ȥȥòٿˣתȥߴ۹飬۹ûֻһߴӦţһȥ
ֱű¹ϣ°Ŀŵõϡ
ιСһǵŮɲװʵ˵ڡָŵ˽ߣҲ֪ô£һھҧȥ
ҲһڣʶֹͣԼ߶߶ĻֻĬؿŰͰҧԼ͵Ľá
úƿ˽ãһߣԼͷ˲ײıꡣ
ȻûָĽúǲģͰ͵ֳ֣һҪԼģ
ȻЦˣһ߳رһǽһԼ۹Ǹһֱ̰ͼŻħ
˵ǵĽѣƨʹûŹ
˵仰ֶذĿŵｪϣڣ˾һһŽöȥȻĴȴûͣ֡
ֱӽȡһ꣬͵±ãڽö֣صغƸһ߶߶ħѡ㣬ңѡΪֻҪˣͿںϣ׵߸һط硣
˵㲻ýѾҪֹ۹һȴܲƵǰ㡣
СһҪסˣϣԲܱܵϣ
һű´ˣ۹鴳˽⻳Ů޸ͣü۵ֹҪ
ʱһֱѹŵ۹鲻ӵ⣬ȴӵĺ˳ȻҲýص۹ûע⵽󣬸ոȡģŮһꡣ
⺢ô£
㵽ȥȥħ磿
˵ĻûϹ۹Ĭˣħ񡭡֪źֵǣ޷ħ
ӡĻԣ
⻹õ۹ôʱ۹Ȱɴ಻ҪˣɵŮʱ򣬵۹鲻Լ뷨еޱȵΡ
ǲȥħ磬ûһиô졣
ңңȥħ磬ֻڣСҵʱòã
ã
ⷭϴԼ˱ӣȻȴڵ۹ҪŮ뿪ʱ˵һ䣬ŮнѣԣΪף۹Ҫúñ
Ǹʱ۹黹仰˼ܿ죬Ŷȥħ磬۹ʶһУ˳˵ĹǰС
ΨһģĻ˼Ůߣֱȡ潣
潣Ϲն֮۹ڵһڵɽϣһ̣֪Լʱ̣ˡ
ȲذźеһУԼŮһۣ޷˵ͬһ·
ʱ䣬ǵҰ㡣
ʱգ仰ĺ壬ԭ겻תڸֻ֮ʱ潣Լȡһƻܻ۹һߣһͬ߳ħľ
ǻǸڵھӣͬ˾ͬ£ǰС̯
޷ýúӵǣ¶ȴʼţϣĬĬذ˷ػš
ʼԤݣֻҪţħһֱڣȴ߳һ·ѡϣܶ
ֻҪǺӣڰ㣿
ʼԼھӴ仰ÿÿ۵ʱ򣬱ܣöԸѡԡ
ˣʧˣڴҲٷ
һһΣ۹鲻ܻ˵޷ϸ˵İϸɢʱ䳤һͬȹ
۹ʩؽǲڵģɲ֪ʱ˶ǰһڽ˽õУһԡ
潣ĹâɢȥؽƬâľͷЦǵ⡢۹ʩ
۾ɺͮͮģֻһ۹㷢
ؽ۹ؽ֣ؽʶǰһ
ҵŮͰˡ
۹һϵĸף֣صؽԼŮ֣Ůϡ
ʩֺǺǵعƣȴĵĲһ䣺ǣҪúõİ
ؽۿҲĪˣõ֣ŵԼһǣģޣ»ȪԶٷſ֡
۹飬۹ƺܲ˽õĿ⣬һ˵ʲôɣ־ýĿҲģȥǲҪ˵ȽϺá
סһڵĺֱòײֹס
ȴЦЦ̧潣ٵǰΪ޸ĸףԭҲڰгġ
ǣʦʩҵİؽһڵĵǣؽɽĵӡˡ
ڵңѾپˣӵô࣬ҲֻϣҸ
ԣǷİɣ
˵ЦųԼ֣ѧ⵱ģ߷߲ƽҪħҾһξһΣᵽʧΪֹ
ֻǣͬ磬ա
û£⡢۹顢ʩĹâɢȥȡ֮ģɢħݱͿ֮̿ص
罪ܵǰ㣬潣ȡԼǵһ̣Ϊ׵Ļǣ潣һԸ
Ըˣ»صߣñħȾָ磬
һΣ⡢۹顢ʩЩΪǣٱħãȻҲ
ΪԼѾ㹻ǿĿ⡢۹顢ʩȥʱǺۿֻǳٳû䡣
ؽϸزı仯֣ԼĻУһЯһ³ŵûϵΪһֱȥ
ħÿˣԼֻصÿһߣûһ۹ɢ
ħΪͿĥãⲻ֪ȴҪлħ񣬸лܹԭ۹飬ⳤʱУ̵ذ


117 
潣, ڼ׻ǵɢȥ֮˻ܣ·һ, ЩΪضħȡ, Ϊĵӣ»˹
âǣɢ֮, ѩɽѩųѿ, һжʾˣ
ƽɺǸжֽʵʵؽɽһԼĵӣǶȫȫ̲סһĨʪ۾˵ͷ
ȴѾȴԼҵ, ֵͬ˽õǰ
ӡ۹ħʩ, , ҵһݡ
ɷ˵Ӵͷ, 볯Žе潣һݣ潣΢΢, ƺǸܵ, һǳǳĹâҲ׷˶ȥ
̧ͷԶԶȥѹѹһɽ, ֮ͬǰֻжָָ㡢, ˿ȫ潣ķ, żм˲, ҲĬĬͷ, 
ӵ˴ͷ, תȴǼµŶȥ, Ҫһ˼
ؽʱĽõļ, ͷ߽ãжҪ
΢΢һ˼֪ؽǲټǷ֮ϣҲǣǰԹ˿̣Ѿһ˽ᣬôʱ䣬绨ѵ˵ϡ
˸ոմϿ˳ͼŮӦ̧һСӹħĸŮĬ
ŮӦòˣȴûħֻȰǸӵݵؽ뽪õǰ
򿪺ӣںģһªޱȡڵ׵ʯͷѾСˣûϵóħԪ
øҪ˵ʲôʱŮžһ¹˺Ӹ߽ãֻҪħŵʧҲ
ͺ밵񡭡Ůţһϵ
ȴЦҡҡͷŮļ򣺡ܹãţֻҪǣѡϣĻᡣ
ǷٶֻأҪãһõðաаҲһй⡣
Ů΢΢ͬ˽õ˵ҲħȻ˿ˣ׻Ҫӡ
һֱ֮⣬ΣԴͣħ֮֮š
õͷո׼ԼȥΪӡ֮Կؽʹֻסָϣͬһ𣬻Ϊӡ֮Կӡסħ
ˣɱ֮ڣħ񣬲硣
Ůصͷ׼µͬʱҲĿŵ˰Լħϡ
硣
Ůһħȫըëһ㣬۶ħԼĴ۾Ůһۣ뽪öһۣתܡ
ôã磬벻һȥ
ħͣ˽ŲŮȴЦתͷʽãѾæħԪ֮ȥˣܲҪ飬Ҳħһ塣
ħΪ죬Ϊ˲ȻȻ壬ȥħ磬նħ
񣬼ȻħڣħƺҲûɻε棬ʱ򣬻һˡ
磬Ǿһ£ٲץ֮ǰƽϣһΣ
ŮѾȥħߣץסħβͣħȲѻͷؽ
˭ϽöûзأؽѾسħ˻֣һ֡ȥǡļơ
Ů·ؽϬһ㣬ؽŸոջ֣ͺץħβͽˣọ̈̄ûħһ¡
ˡؽͷ˼ؿԶȥħŮ̲סõĶͼע
õͷûжֻתͷؽһ䣺ѽ
һʱ䣬ؽ崺硣
ǰħٶáĺܺá
ؽǽõĶͷŽôħڽ룬ȥħأﻹһ⡢۹õĶؽױһҪ߽á
˭֪ȵأŷ֣رߣһ˱Ǹ
޶سˮߣٻʱʱ¼Ƭ꣬׷䵽ͷϡ
ؽ뽪õվ˵ʲôʱؽȻס˽õֵ֣תͷֻǸһЦöһ䣺ǣӦҵģҵޡ
þú֣ؽǡ޿Ǿˣ
ǡʱѾۿߵǰ쳣ʿʽãܲܺһȦ
ؽЦĽõͷʾ⽪ãȥɡ
޽ӹ˽õ֣ɷ˵Žȥٻ£ؽҲʿóλãֻԶԶˡ
֪ҹ塣ްԼ˿¶˽ãǧǰһΪħ忹⵽塣
ҹĺᣬǸʱҷѰһ԰Ϣ֮أǰɽˮ˺ܾãȴ֣ԭĵϡ
Ϊħһ㰹Ѫͳǲ塣ҲûħϧǺҲħɱǱƭħ磬֮ࡣ
˵Ц֮ûһǵİ֮
˵ȴƮԶ˳ȥ߽ãͶ·׼׷ϣʱһȫ塣
أƬٻ£˵֣ҹҹУ⡣
֮ѡţֻΪҹһܵģҲҪйϢ
ȴû뵽ǸˡȻǽõס
ҹһľˣΪҡ׼˵ʲôʱ򣬽Ѿһӵ
ǾͲҪĺ⣬ҹ»֮°ɡ
޵ʹÿ۽ëһƺ˸С
ôһ̣޺Ȼã֮ǰֻǵѵ뷨֪ˣŬһ㣬Ҳһأ
޻ȡԼҹ߾Ȧݵ˽õϣǿԺҹĴڣ仰˵ҹԸ⳼ڽý¡
޵ܼᶨҲһŵҹ壬֮ڡ
޷ſֿ֣˲ԶⷽؽԼûиоȴܺĸ֪ؽŽãǿӻԼҵСһ㣬һ̶Ϸɡ
룬Ȼֻر˽һ£ؽ¶һƵЦҡ뿪ˡ
ûʲôһתͷͼؽѾЦһԼǰ֣֪֪ٻĻʲô
ٻ΢룬û뵽ʲôһ룬ͼؽѾһٻĶߣһǵͬʱѹɤִҳԵİ
⧲ˣؽһ˳죬СħһаһЦʽãʲôٻŵ۹İڴ۹һ顣
Ҫˣؽۼֿ˫ֻס֪֪Ǹʲô
ÿؽԵһ̸оԼĺȵУﻹ֪ʲô
ؽȴཪõͷûỨ飬ֻǸ߽ãһûв´ĻӦ۹ҪĶ
Ȼؽÿٻ¶֣ʱ䣬ǵҰ㡣
̲ססؽĴյؽ߸۹⣬Ѿյˡ
ؽסõַ֣ŵԼĿڣһһ䣬֣ء
Ǿ仰ҲҪ˵ġ
һ㡣
ۿ˴յԽԽһؽǲˬĲͷȥֻƽһ·𻨴ĳ嵽ǰҲԼǲǴŵˣ˦һŵӸá
˹ӦҵĹ
δתܣûܵ
ؽ־γϸֱס˾ƽɵĽţյÿһ۾ƽӵԼĵӡ
üһծλֻ֣ýô˿Ҳ˾ƽȥծ
Ĺ֣׬Ǯ治ᰡ
ƽƺѾ˽õͼһ̯֣һò˵ԼĹףһߴԲҪðæ
ծɣ
վŻծߣֻعͷƽɣһ
ؽɽ㣬Ҳǲ⡣
ˣƽЦеתͷؽ˭֪ؽҲһֻϺһЦеؿ
룬ƽ֪Ҫ˵ǵˣؽҳƵڶû˸ҳƵһ

ħĥڵߣ˵߰ɣʵһЩ˵߰ɣ˲С
һҪõľƣ죬Ҫȸ˵˦һʯ
ƻûϣׯѾҡӺŵߵʺһ䣺ƽǰǰþò
˵֮ƼҵԽԽ󣬲֪䣬漰ħĥ˭뵽ⱳˣǸողŵƼأ
ƽɿһۣƺֻŽʯӦҪϾƺȡ
˭֪ѹסƽɵļЦһ䣺ʲôʱ򱨸ã
䣬˾ɫ׼ܣȴ˻ӻ֣ʾʯ
پƣҾλǰˣҲ쵽ʱˡ
ʮױǺεʢ֮


118 
, ֻʱ⣬ƺһ⾰ǿʵ˾̾
ħͨһɽĵ·, Ҳڷ˼ȥħȷӦ, ħҵ˻ᣬÿ־ɽ͸ɸӡ
һ, Ϊ׵ǰǿлֹ, ڴ˻ϣѧ˸ķ˼, Ǻ庣̡̫ƽ
ƽʹһƺ, ְƸһ, ʾҲϽԼС
ϸһ۱ƽҩľƱȴûƴ, ùһ
ɴͬʱһ, ñΧס, żȴһѰס˼
д鵱գӻܵģ߸ô߿Ц, ȴû, , , ϶ƽɺӻ, ӻ, żȥץأ
, ѾӦȥæô, 㰡͸ʡʡġ
ҡпԡ
һƽɾ͹ˣڿɺˣǧŵҲ˦ơ
ϵͷóһһˣһؽɽˡǧšħŮʡƣһȺծ
ǽ죬ˮ˵ڣôõн֮ܶµˮģҲܴʯ˰ɡ
˭֪ҹƽȥһٵģĵĽֵ𲻺˼һݻծ
һ̣˵Ķˡ
滹߶߶øɴϵħħҪ潣ΪҪѹסħԪ񱻷֮⣬öϵæһλá
ȻħħӦãúúħ߽һ䣺飬ǺӣӦż٣żٲκι
ã
濴ŽȻԱı飬ƺµ룬ЦŸ߽ãʵƼЩʱϢѾ潪ˣ˳㻹һЯȫʯ
㿴Լÿ̲ס̾һ԰ģתͷƾеԼ
֬衢Цٻ⡢Ŀתӵװŵϣм˼Ůζ
ʮױһؽͬ˼ʱ򣬲ؽġû뵽һйƽؽȻְ˳ѧŵһҪôһˡ
ƿԼĿ⣬Ⱥ
ؽǰӭ׵ĶѾ棬ֵѩεָͷÿȥȴûؽӰ
֣ɹأ˵ǽã涼̲סһ䡣
˿ħ磬
ƽӿ˯ȥ׷ϲЦտһкħСǰӾƣһ߸ֻ̾Ҫˣǽ˭֪
û˸˶ãԭΪɹٵؽ˵ǰ
룿ؽЦпˣָ˾һ޴ĺɫ䡣
ƽɡӣ
ѩͶ룬Цظ߾ƽӣؽ˼ȢϰУɲһҪзұһԻǰȥŮס
ΪؽɵҸλ̰ɣ䣬ЦֲЦ̫ԡ
ƽɣղӭôҪף
ӣǣǴ˼ҵץ
Ⱦƽ˵ʲôؽһһץСһ˿
û취ͻȥգҼӶæſծûһۣǻؽĻԹԼԾƽޱȵķߺޣñסľƽӶ̲ס˿ڿˮ
԰ҲǱƵû취ˣ߰ɣ䣬ͨһƽӾ뱻ؽͽǺɫ䣬ɫԭһռġ
ƽӷӦ볢Կʼƽķӡ˭֪˰֡
˰ŷӦ֮ԺͺǱƹȥҩľƣؽͨˣԻǵġ
˵ҲͰˣرɫ򿪺³ƽȴɫһ·ѾԤ˼䱯ҵδ
ʲô˼
˼ץȥծؽͽǸСѾͷ׼ӶȥԼСˡ
ڡɣ
ߣƽһˣ̲סԹԼðű¶ķˣȻһʮױ֡
⻰˵꣬žһռͳСȻԿȢ֮
Σƽֻ̽˫˫ţǿպСؽӭȢõʽ
һ׷ɣŰһӳһڶһƬϲĺ
ؽԽǺӺɵףõǰסõ֣һǣ쳣ؽԼӭ׽Σ󣬳ħȥ
ɽΪȥħأϾű潣
ʵǣ
Ӵɽ磬޶Ѷֻ潣Ͽһ
ؽ뽪ãɽһ㣬ϤˣԲ֪١
ؽ뽪ûͻƽɣֻƶ˲ˬǣǲýԭغǧŵ񣬾һڵ񣬶Ǹˡ
ؼֻҪһߵ˼ͻᱻŮв
ԭڵĺɫڣŮħѱ˵غˣȥ֮⣬Ůħܵһʱ˵ǰǴصһڡ
޿ӡ޿Ӱƽɱߵҹܱʼ飬ʹһؽѹ˵ĶУͷĿǷծޱȺƵĿУѧϰΰѽµĸҵǿ
˼ǣ
һҧǺ«һ߸пԼһѸǮ֣ôĲƸù鹦֮ǰڵһھ鶩µķܶ·ߡ
ҵģ׼ʻǮһ֣ˬ
ؽչͷߵ˳ȥ棿
Ѿ߹˺ܶĵطѩɽµҹأħأѩǡ
˼䣬һ̡
ǰĳǰϦĵƻؽӵǣؽǣĵεΣ̲סżյؽ߸ؽֻҪһﶼԡ
˼䡢ɽ硢ħ硭ֻҪһߣǼҡ
ֻҪмңͲ
ؽҲ˽һǣ߽ãһﶼʮˣҲʱһȥһԼҸˡ
ŶϲˣúܾȣؽȴЦԣֱýԽ˼֡
İˣ壬˫ĽֽʶγһϴˢֻҪұƣ塢塢ħ塢Σ
ֻҪǺӣڰ޷ϣ
úھƽӵҹУԭûѶؽ뽪عһڡ
磬ڸɼҡħ塢ŬУһƽȡʶҿšļԪʻһֻء꣩
л˵
ллλȴСȿȿȣһῪ׵顣
ʦŷ~
ϣҿԽдԽԽɣлл?(??)?
