ҵĵˡ
:

:
ָŮ
ͬʦãֽΪ£꣬ؼ۵Ķޡ
ֻϧͽ£˴˼ȴ޶ٰ⡣
ɽٹգʧ䣬һС
СΪϹۡ˵˸ޡ
֪Сбͷã䰮ˡ
ھ룿
һΣǻ֮ͬ꣬ȴ޷֮顣
⣬ֱ߸ϵһֱ֣ͦصϳȫ
ȫʲô
ǳȫİ֮˵İ
ֱʱףԭһΪտĳֻ֡ϧעҪɢˡǧеĶ񶾵¡
*
Сƺ΢ȴ
Լ嵲סҡҡ׹һѡ
Ӯɵϲء
Ȼһ޺Сȴ˾ϡ
֮ѣŭѵ
ǲǸСвΪã
ľһ򼵶ɱӢ۵Ķ֮
ֱױΪΪӡΪµؿؼա
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Ҳһ̣ǲŻȻ𡪡
ܶܶǰѺۣλϹŮʳ࣬޲
Ҳо֮Ӣۡ
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һһʧȥļ䡣
*
˵һա
˿ѩȾѪһɹ⾡飬ҲδйǱ
ٺΪ龡ǣ»ȪɢΪҲҪİ֮˵Ŵ硣
û͸ţҲЩꡪ
ѵõĳˡ
ĶʾİȫģֻǱ档İףɾ
1ķϲ룬ۻᣨҥ̰ȣɾܷ裬ǺˡŮ衣
2ӭ۾飬ҪۻٱɾصĻῼʹ÷ֶΡ
3ǴˬģȣŰ𣬹ѪУӡ
41v1˫Ů֮ǰעǲ͸ѾдˡֻŮģ
5س

ݱǩ ǿǿ ֮ ־
ؼ֣ǣ롢  ǣԤաɢ𡷡ֽΪ  
һ仰飺ˣҲ
⣺ҪԻҪ侲

vipǿƣ
ͬʦãֽΪ£Ӧ۵ĶޡȻͽ£ȴްŮ֮顣˽ΪԷˣϵԽ룬ֱ뻯ΪǶαǿѹĵ׵ķ²Ÿˮ档ѪĽŮ飬ްʯͷģ˺ΪΪ֤Ϊ
ʻıȻԶˣһƪ˻ζĺġ?


1 
һգһꡣ˼꣬˵̶̰գٿ
·ٵ뵹ģı䣬ҲոѩĮ롭
ޣ϶ԼĵҲм˽⡣
ֻϧˣǷޣȴһΣδĭ
Ƿޣȴͬˡ
ˣθ϶м˽⣿
˺ܶټģȴδһգῴ߸ϡ¶ǰŵɫ
նѣһǧʵǲֵһᡣȻƫƫҲֻգ˱һ֡
*
˼ɽٹգԨĲ֧֮ţҲΪޣеһнԻ硣
ǰѺۣǿ޲ãѺڡʱһȥѺҲԽԽ󣬼ǼΪһ룬Ҳѿ쵽˼ޡ
ʼֻҪǧһΣǧ꣬껯ʮֱ꣬ڣǶ̶ҪӹһΡ
˴ξϴνҲŹȥ¡
طƲͬԨûһ˿֮Ŀ֮ԻһƬȾĻ֮ռÿһ磬ѹ֡ǺХ磬絶罣ϣûһб㴫ŨŨѪ֮
ȿȿȡ
֮УشһѹֵĿһѪٿȻīڵĵϣһƬ졣
뿴ҲûϵѪĨĨǵȣڼӲĵϡ
Ԩ⣬ûκܽ˲̬
ϾΪ֮⣬ǵù˼һµġңҲԼǰ¶һһǱ
Ķƺ˼УǱ˼㣬һһȻǡ
֪ޱȵΪλ̫󣬵˸۾ϵòҲ֪ıؼʢĵһ仨
ڵϵŮȥԼĪʮҵͣѩ׵һϵ׺̺Ĵ촽󣬴鱥峿ŵĽΡɫѩ֬ǣβκɫ޵˼¡
ʱӣϻδɵѪʺѩ׽ӳڷɢڼ磬ԽĵŮɫ紺
ֻüĿŶе䣬ĵҪ˼ƺ룬˲׽
޲£Ѫȱڡ˿֯Բϱ֯ɵĵɫûĹõģȥʵںᡣ
ƽʱ̲˻ϸɾƯĻˣȻʱ¼᲻һ˿һڵ϶Ҳ붯
ϵƤͷÿһڽʹѪ۱鲼ȫѩ׵ļϴĿ
ؿڵλãյģҽ֯಻ľʹ
˭뵽󡢹ʵҲôǱ˵ģ
˼ˣ̲סЦһֻЦ⡣
ֻǡ
׻̫ˣһվüͷ˻һۿǲĺˡôȥ˲٣ûٶĵˡ
ֻ֪Խ츳׿񣬵λٻؼ֮ˡ
֪öħĽ
ȴ˻ǵںܾúܾǰҲֻɽϵСӡСܾ˳ֳǵĳ谮ʮ㡣
Ī˵ôˣǲһҲʦֻۡϧѾǺܾ֮ǰˣõ붼Ƕζݵ¡
ǽ̫һЩܿƵĻǶʱ⡣
ϣʱˣ·ѿ𡭡ˡ
ǡʱߴҵĴԣȻع˽ʲôӡ
ҿе
ҲΨʸ񱻳Ϊ˵վȨۣ֮ôǿ
ϵǳǲͬʦãһԷޡ
յ֮λʱ࣬Ϊ޵λȹ̡Щֻ߲Ϊ˭֪ͬһš
ǴʦñΪº󣬸ٸ๡
ֻǱޣҲ˸ð롣
ǰУ·ɽ١ϰգ˼ѹ˰꣬ʱ䣬ѹӦλ
գλ֮ա
λͬ졣
Ϊ£Ӧȥӡֻʱ˵⣬û뵽Ԩôãλ֮ա
ô
˿վֻһһɾʹ˴ķ̫ΪټϾδˣƸˡ
ؾϣް֮Ӿֻǡ
ͷҶ˶٣û̼˵ȥͷһתϣҪ
˶Կʹ֮ϣûע⵽ҵ˿ԣȻͷ˿Լ壬ɨõѺ˺ۣüͷʶ
֯ƹѴ˼±ϣҪԡ
֮Ǿܣĸң˵֪Ҳˣûź̡
ǡ
ôȻǰ֮ϡ
ҡջĵ¹֮ա
ٶȻ칬ԡ󣬻֯ƹ׼£ʱȻһ¡
üЩ԰׵Ҳ֬׺һ˼Ѫɫ廷ɫԽˡ
Σ
վɾϸŮӣ漴ƫͷ򹧾վһԵɽ
ϡǰأ΢΢һ£һ˲ɿ˴ͷ
ֻ֪뵽ʲôüĲźۼšš
һ仰ʲôʱ⣿˵ϲ𣿡ˣһشǰŮѾЦҡҡͷƺֻһʣתȥʱˣ߰ɣĪ˵Ⱦˡ
˭ϲĪ˭Ⱦˣ
֮У˵ˣΨһˡ

ɽӣĴʦ֣ĵ¡λȻΨһ
ֻǷޣദ䲢޷޵꣬綼֪ĽϴӲΪ飬Ϊƽ硣
˵㣬λһԱޡ
飬⡣
ʵ
칬ְǧ꣬ΪϵĽǱ֮˶öࡣ
ǰԿóƽʱҪֵӰԺȻðһ仰ŮΪüݡ
˼ˣ̲סһϡ
£
ͷü΢̣һѵõϲ֮ɫ
£ֻȻƺЩԾٶģȴûټ˵ȥˡ
֪˵ϸԸۿ
ȥ˼һˣȻвͬ뿴һۣƬ̲˵
ֻǵڵţһĻʱüһǻ
μϡ
ֵһ˲ΧܵԹ£Ƕھϵٹ⡣
ֻΨмһһŮֱͦվš
ӣлż˿дķ֮Щ롣
ֱͦߣ޳ͦΣɫʢȴ伫ӲһԽĵ纮˪ֻһˣȴǧɾʯվǰεػסǽŮӡ
ϣһֻŮ硣ɽߵߣŵΥ棬ר϶ᡣ
ӵŮŵüĿ㣬񻣬ƵҲƵһλˣüۼ侹ơ
ֻ˿ֲ̿С԰ףˮ˳̬֮ϧ
Ͼֵ̬
ΧΧӭλģʱĿԲ˵ϡ
ûи飬ǷޣһŮӣҼΪά
ûлشɽĻֱֱĿǰİӡ
˼꣬ع磬ģȻκθı䣬ȻϤӡ
ĵһˣ
ֳΪͬʦãʶ֮ãȻԶҲģ
˿̣ϤӶİĿ⿴
ʲô
纮Ŀ⾯裬ɫһδǰչֹķ͹ơеĽѾ΢΢ʡ
̴硭
ֱСŮӵĳ˳ѣɫ΢΢Щˮ£һỤģܰߡ
˵⣬һ٣̧ٴο룬³ĸ֣
ĺٿȻһͣһ˲ǿѹȥʹؾں޲Ȼû
ѪѹƲס
ĿһȻһһҲûˣ
Լһ£Ȼ÷̰˻ţ߸ϵ᲻Լˣ⻻£ֻΪӭɽٹķ
˶ΪֻǱޣΨһҹյĿڸϲãǶǶδΡ
ʦ֣ġˡ
񡭡
Ŀ˱ŮϣˡӯڽޣȷʵǸĶϧСˡ
Ĵʦ֣ĵ£治ʶΪ˱Ůν
棬硣ʣΣ
ΣȻЦˣ˿Ȼսȭ˫֡
ݵĳĬüĿ˪İʲôҲû˵ֻγнĽ׼ǰ»Ůӡ
л˵
Ȿ϶ԭΣܾ͸ֻ˵ĳǳҹһҹȫŮⱾש⣨ǰǲҪȡ֣İллǵֶ֧֣ģϣһ㣬г
һԤա롷ֽΪ𡷣ȤıԵרİôôౣ


2 
ҲЦˡ
ʶһһǧ꣬ǧͬʦãһصķޣ鵭ˮҲδ
һýָǽϤ˽ΪٳʱǧѾǧ
ȴ쳣ѵһ
˺꣬δҡ˴·٣Ҳһͬ½硣
Ϊմմϲˡ
׵Ľź⣬һʣ¶ŨصɷѹΧΪǽԱѹɫ԰ףֺ̿ˡ
ЩǳСɸѪվѡ
ˡһ˾սǿϹѳΪһħµɱ
ôڴ˽µ֮һػѪ˽֪𲢷ɱ֮ˣԴ˽ľȴȻ֮̽ϡ
ʱһΧɫ䣬æ󺰵𲻿ɣ
Ҫֹȴηǿ󣬲óȻǰ
Ҫɱң
ϵЦȻȥ½׼ĲҲδа־֮ɫܴʧɫĶԱȣ֮ûаġ
ɷŮ»ȹڣһƬ׵֮Уʵһҫۡ
һ˱ȵùŮɫ
ȴδа˿ҡѩɫѷ·ҲȾ겻ı˪
ֻ̧ޱӣнû˿ƫ룬˵Ҫ
ɱ⡣
ᶨʯײѩɱ˺ӡ
Цˡ
ȥҲ֪֮󣬲֪ж˿ЦڱֻЦҪҡ֮λ
壬˼ͳεħȻ١ΪվЩ˱㲻¶ġ
һգվأ
붼Ҳ֪ЩҰĲ˶Ȼ¶ĳŻֻҪһлײеҧ
ڣڳҲвڿⳡϷ
ʯ׿ܳңɽʱʦʦĴʦ֡
뱾ʱҲĶ֣ο⸱ȻʮУҰܡ
ѧʱΪСʦãȻܹʦĽ̵д
䵭ȴǸϸĴʦ֣ǵ㵽ֹ
δ˹
ڣ˵ߣɱ⡣
ûɴ˿̣ȴеδ˿ھʹûжþȫѹ˷ӿѪ˺
һߴĺӰǰ
ͽ̡ΪĽԥ֮ʱ㡾ְأվǰ
ϹȸѪ츳ǧرѾɡ
ǿģҲΪĽͳ֮λȻȣҲ۵ѻʯ
˿ֱѹþȫΪֵֵҲ¶
û˿Ȼεصǰ
ǰһϲðҲܣ
Ŀ䵽Сϡ˵ΪɵңȷʵҲֻǸСɡ
ü΢壬
һ˲ʢɱ죬
ٶ̫ˡ
ٶȡʤ壬ڴ˽֮£Ҳ޷ʱܿƲɵΧ̲סۿ佣̽ҵࡪ
ǧһ֮ʣһֻ׵ס˱Ľһ˻Ȼͣסй
ϡ
һ˳Űֱ󣬿һݡ
ң¡
뵭˵ţĿȴԶ

ĻҲ𣿡
ԣսȭͷ򴽣˵һԣֻüĿвʡ
׻Լ̫ˡ
Ǿϵְ𣬿ɵͷҪŮ
ҴͷԼŵ˴ӾϴѪѪ졣
ǿȻǱ߽ܵסġǧ꣬С֪ߵغЦˡ
ϣŻһͷ޵Ȼº
˿뵲סĹƷ
֪֮ܳΪ޷ΪʱҲ֮Ҳһǧ̫꣬ˡ
ΪȾǿ˲֪
ԿǰһĻЩ˲ɫ΢䡣
жôǿ˲֪ܵסˣȻСܵôɵģȴ֮١
˵ûС
ԭλѾôǿ
С˼ˣʱ˼ѹȥʼλϵʵ
δЩӿֻǳЦſǰС
ˣüͷźۼ塣
У࣬Ϊˣֻ֪סʱջ˹ơ
İСһ񲻿ɵδֵֹ
̴磬Һܡ
ʱ䱻ᳶ˳һ΢ٿȻæתͷ㿴ŮԽ԰׵
ƺͣ
ɫһ䣬æַסŮҡҡ׹塣
̴磬ЩŲסˡ˵Ǵ󲹣ɶΪƺ˵ȴ綾ÿһڶɾ޴ĸοƺͱ˵˸ͨҪ˲١
δ䣬˾Ѿ˹ȥɫҰѩһϢ̬֮
ǲǳΪ𣿡纮ѩΪѵһ˵ȨҲޣ
˪浶룬Ҫ
δ䣬ۺ˵ѹ羪κ˳˷ѹȥܿƵĹڵء
վţҲǿ֮ĩ
һǿ
һźۼĺ˰벽ѱָ룬ʹڴ˿ֵ̲һᡣ

죬һ˲ٿȻص˰СִŽֻСŮվ䣬Ʋɵ
ˣҲ߸ϵ𣬰롣
ѹס
*
һΡ
ǺεģЩ𽥱ʹӰΣ߶ףοΣ
Ȼصǰ
ʱոյ֮λû˼Ϊ˸ˣȫ޲˵塣
ѣΪסòԼࡣ
ǲľ飬û൱û˸ܼʱҵЧĽ취Ų˶á
˶ĽԣֻϵСʦá
ûʦûˣʦʦҲûˣҲǱֽĵСʦˡ
λһգ˸ʧȥǵܿޣҪλ䡣
ܸ϶
̫ˡ
˻Сܹĥһϵѱˮʪ
ıھʮŽ֮ϡ
ҪǸλãϾʮס߹˾ʮ˽ףȻþһ˿
һʱ΢ΣۿűҪȥĴʦվΪĺܣס
˵룬߰ɡ
أŶе䣬ȴůģ߹һףߵλá
Լʦ뿪ˣҲ£Ϊ֪ĴʦԶỤӵĮҲõĴʦ֡
Ķܣףǿ
Ҳһҹվǰ˵룬ǽͣǽôȱЧıҲ֮λ
û֪ʱжôˡ
ûˡ
л˵
ҲŶº꣡һѽҰɣʱҪʹ


3 
뱾ؼʢĵһ仨ڻ磬һ޶ҲΪˣͨľԻΡ
꣬ڻΪΣ
ۿĵһˣ
ʱɽʥ´ӣ츳Զˡʯʯвأ޳
֮Уʥ֮£սһ
˽Ϊʯ飬ֻɽ֪ǵĴʦȻԸ䵭ɫĬԣʵΪ
ʥ˳չأɽһ³ͽģ̵ʦʦá
һǧǰһѶûͽķʥУ㵽ԼٵһСͽܡ
롣
ֻǱʱųʶδΣֻһ仨ܰɽ
ʥ˴㣬СӻδŻǧ꣬˰齻ͽֱ˹ء
ؼʢĵһ仨֮鱦ҪϡȻ졣ʱ绹δͳһսϣ
δΣʶҲڲסԱ֮ԱߣסĿ⣬ƽ
棬ʾʥΪʦΪûаΥһ仨һǧꡣ
ֱǧڻΪΣ¶֪ɽ
˺˷ʥСӣɽǵСʦáʦΪ롣
ΪҲɡضΪģһڶ֮У֮λ˾֮Ϊʮ֮֮ף֮Ҳ1
ɽСһʦʦʦ㶼ܺã˵ǰҲΪδܹί
ЦƣɽС
ϲɽϵÿˣϲȴȻĴʦ
ۿĵһˣһǧʱ䣬Ǵδ˵һ仰ڳεУʦǱʦҪ׽ˡ
ֻǳ֪ʱվ˼
ϲֻСʦá
ûŮ֮飬ʼն֪鰮޹أֻСʦãɽĴʦ֡
Ҫ
һУס
鲻֪һĴʦôôãôܲϲΪޣܲˣ
ϣ
ߴϤģξʱɢȻ۾ɫ΢΢Щ룬ת˲Ȼָ
ңϣֱ壬뵽ղŵΣü΢΢ššƣ˯˶ã
ؾϣʱҹһԣ׻ص
ʱЦҡҡͷûټ⣬תʵǱˣ
΢Ƭ̣Żصϣ˾ɾķᣬĿ
һ˵һһӳǰ˾ɾƹܵķᡣ
ᣬΪ˲ᣬ˷˺
·ɽ٣תΪˣΪ˵һȻҲڷϡֻСҲӦ档
أڰǰͶһ˼ң⸻͢Ա
Ϊ˼ҵĵճӣӦʳܸֻϧǡ̼ңɢ롣
ʱ֮У;вɢԵɺ֮±һҵһСʿ
תȻͬͨˣ츳ѣһǧʮʤ
˼ħʮ˵ۣһʦ£նħ
ߣҪ޳ٵûǧ֮ãֻ˰꣬гɡ
һеһС١
˼꣬ħ֪£ڰ֮ʱػ硣
ɽٹλ󶼻ָм䣬ɲ֪ΪΣȴȻֻ˼İ䡣
ϣûʱļ䣬ԲŻǰ̬ȡҲǸ˵ɣһ䰲ο˵ĸɰͰ͵ġ
˵Щ뿴һۣЦЦĵİɣҾϻûôҲûôƽϡ
˼죬Σôһ仰
ˣֻ㿪Цˣô˲ᣬᣬ仯ģв鵽ʧԭ򣿡
ܣֻ鵽֮ǰ½һֻۼ𣬱ڵ
˵ˣ̧һۡ
µ£˵Ҳ֪ˡͨȻ˲ʱδλǷˣ⻹Ҫȫ˲ס
ϼأֻСΪһŽֻ꣬ʧȥļѡ
ֻСûˡ
СƺͣǷһ洦ɼҰݣʶ޳Σǿ
һ֮£ƺһȴ˸
δˣɽµķˡСģΪʦûĽ̵
˺ʮ꣬ƺͶߣһһ̤˼ɽӣȻ
ΪСŻΪ˳ʦɱħĳʦҲŻ᲻ǿдһֻ硣
Ǹ
ĹĬ˲֪ãźȻЦһһʦȴһֻǵϲֻС
δ䣬죬ɫް
ڿ˵ŲƽϣԭҲˡȻһֻС˼ʡЦɳܣ
ΣΣ¿ڡ
Ҵ׻صֻ𸮡
𸮣Ƕ칬֮ĴڣľȻѳɻ꣬δһͬһ
ǲ򰮳ɻ飬һʵ޹ذ鰮
սʱҲ̤𸮣ϵ䵭оǧûȥˡ
Ϊ˾Դʼգ붼ûԹֵʸɡ
ֻŮӻʱտյĿڻǲɱһ¡
Ȼվתߡ
ϣ
ȥߣδѲˡ䣬ŮѾ˵á
֮ڷ䶨ΣοΪôһֻУ볶˳ǣ¶һĨЦ⣬˱ӣЩѾҪסˡ
һ˲̸ȥ
˵ˣһֻС˵Ӱճ칬Զұ˼Χһ˽
ǰѾס˽Ų
üĽ壬Ҳͣ
ǵΪֻҪǲ룬Щ˵ССȻǵĴڡ
Ȼ˵ˣôʹˡΪֻ϶֡ϿķޣȻȲһֻС
Ǳޣ˭֪ϽϲΪ˰ȹ̵λֲϲϣֻʦöѡ˵⻰Цһ˵СΪϹۡ˵㶪ͬĥѣ֮ĸȻʲôͬʦܱȵġ
Ҳǡ
ǰô꣬һֱĹģʲôʱŹһ˰ģɡ
ȻҪ˵ϵλǲˡ
ɫ䣬ȻЦ
ֱʱǼСɲŻȻԱ߻ˣ˭󣬽ɫҰףһ˵ϡ
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˵˵ЦӯӯĿŹڵϵɣЦ绨
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5 
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6 
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ڣ뿪ۼҪȥƲ꣬нӲǿг˽ƣȥȻǰ
ǧְ꣬𡢹֪Ĺδаð롣
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ôľҴδй๡һβ˾֮𷴲롣

Щϡ棬ûҵĲ
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7 
̴磬Ѿûˣ㲻̫ҡУƺɫȻ԰ף֮ǰǹͻľʹѾʧˣּҽ֮ʱȥ֮ǰҪ֡
ЩҽɴҽΪھƺŬһĨЦĵң㻹ҳôɲҩҾǿÿݲҲܱȻˡ
ԣˣûˡ㿴ƺЦһ˵һͷһС
ֻһˮֻȭͷСȷʵʵġ
ƺ͸ͨ츳һ㣬Ϊǳʱ嫵£˵ʩչˡ
̴磬㿴ڶʩչˡСȥΪ˺ǿģôɲҩԽȥܸоĵҵķ˲١
Ǳáһۣƺ˵ǣΣȺúϢҳȥһˡ¾ͷԸ̡
ƺ˿ЦͷӦţ̴ȥæɡ
š
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⣬ǼٵĿ򢡣
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8 
̴磬ˣ𸮣ƺڸай䣬ڵݲʺϳȥһֱڸС
Ҹղȥ칬һˡ
˿ڣ˽֮¡
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ϡĲ
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˿̣ӿĸǲͻ̿֡
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ǵϵ֮࣬Ĳܡ
š
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ԣƺ͸߸ŷĻϲҲƲסֻ֪Ϊ˾ƺȻܿġ
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ĶȻȫıܣǿĶܡҲΪˣųĵĻϲ԰
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ɽеЩĺܺãԵңԿó˴
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Ҳ֪˶ã򱡴ζķȥû緲һ̤ɽϡ
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˼ǣ⼸ܸ»ΪԪЩ£ҪæҷӡԸ²ȶոĹ
Ҷ԰Խ飬Խо


9 
ͷƽӴྶͥüĿ侹λӸλ޸߹һλ鶯ĻŮ
ʦ֣ûкȾơ
ĬֻޱĿ鲻Խӣּǿһ顣
ˮһƬȻ޹
ֻϧȻ˵˵һͷȴ˲һͷȫ֪Լѻ촽ϼǴҵľ㡣
ʦ֣ž졭
δ˵꣬һֱĬȻһһǿҵ磬⧲ӲܿƵȥ
ȻƳڵľ
ڿˣ
һ̣䵭Ϸ𣬻뻹ЩȻǡ
ǹɳصٿҲɢȥˡֵڲݵϣסԼӣɵĿָ
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ĪЩƣһۣδش⣬ʵΪλˣ
Ϊк˸
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Ϊֹ⡣
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úֱŭı֡
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л˵
ĸǧ֣
ϰˣףһ£½


10 
λɾΪ£Ϊλƺ͹ԣֻһֻ𣿡
ƺ͹Ѫ򵥡
Σ˴ΪΣ
£ӰȻ˹עƺΪʲôܵס񲢲ҪҪǣ˾֮Ӣۡ
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Ҳû˻ˣ˽ҲС
ƺһֱ֪磬˻ῴеĵλͣǿʵǿޱȣĽ
ƽ츳ͨûݵλûǿķһֻϡ
µһֻأ
ԺãΨ۹ⲻôãôῴôһֻͼķ
ֻ𸮣ƺҲܲµĴԡ
ѡֻݺƷζ
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ҪҲֻΪ˾Ϊ˻Ķ顣
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δԶãһʱ㱻ҽɾ˹ǣʱأ˶Ϊˡ
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ɽգƺ͵ϻ㱸ܵϢֻǴҪһȷʱȴס
˼ǰһĻ΢΢򢡣
һָ˸ԼյĿڣû࣬ȻԴԴϵʹ
Ž֮£۷׷ףҪ̽Ѱֻܵס
к桢塢СлȻҲж⡣
ƺͱĺܺã˿̵ɭϣ˵ܲ͸硣ֻҪڣ˸ȥ𸮷
Ҳܡ
ҪȷеĲ룬ֻİ취ܽ𸮣ǱֻƺԼ
˼ˣȻе̡
ʱ𸮵ĴԶΪ򿪡ֻȥûȥĵط
Ԩûֱӻ칬ûε𸮸
ͷŸߴΡĸۡƬ̣ر۾ָĬ䡣
ֻʩѪԵϵ˵ϣһɹٻ֮Զܱٻء
ϢҲԷ֡
ֻʹķҲСʩ˻˶һķɡ
ƺûйϵǴЧ
ǡ
˼䣬ֻһ죬һ˵ϢͻأĳˡٿȻ۾վǰ鶯С
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ϣƺһ£ǰ룬ֿһΧɻصɴ۾ЩҲҡ
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ƺ㶡
Ϊȷһ¡ƺһۣ䣬˰ֺ̽ƺڵλá
ٶ̫죬ƺ͸ӦֻĿֻƯµƵĿڡ
ۡ
һ˲ƺֻһѪӿʹ
ɫȴǸȥ
룬ʲôֻǲ룬һϤٿͬʱһϮʱɾƿȻԶſվ
ƺһ˺ޱĿˡ

ȻҲֻ
ˣûСֶԴ˿Ҳûжپȡŵķסƺҡε壬þȫվӡ
ʲô̧Ŀǲε⣬ѵһֻҲݲ𣿡
ΪҪ˺ġļֻСŭɶ룬ղִ̽СţҲԥɱΪ䱨ɡ
뵱ȻԽͣѾûбҪˡ
еĲ²棬ǱζŲ֮ƺͻ˶ΪѾָԭղȥԨ֪ѾŲ˶ˡ
ٲ£ױ
ʱûµ£رѣ綼һûܻ
ػؿһµ硣
ǵȲˣǣʵʱƺ޶ѹ
̴磬ûµġƺæ͵ûжʲôᡣ
ȷʵδʲôʹֻһ·Ĵ
û˵ֻĿĿ롣Ц绨ΪԼΪд
ΪһŭǱ屾ѽ˵ˣ΢٣Ȼͬʦãһ㣬㱾ʱû˼䣬ҲԶı䡣
һ𣬴һ㡣ΪΪֻоϵ
ϵЦ׻ǵȥ
Ȼ䣬·ص˺ܶǰ
ʵǵĹϵûôĮѳǰȻǵСʦá
Ĵʦ֣׽ˣȻΪǻһֱǰãǰ׽
ΪǵĹϵΪݵĸıı䡣
û뵽Ĵʦƿ
ʱǰҲĶ˵룬粻
ΪȴǿΪȴվ۷塣
ǿ
ǴӴԺǿӼ𽥵ǵߣҲнԶ
ֱͬ磬ȴǧҲѵһ
ȻףʱΪɽǶʱ⣬һĻΡ
ʵҪλãһõİ취ֻҪǳΪķޡ
ɴһʼбδйѡ
Ϊ˷ޣԣȨ֮ơһŬĹϵ
Ĵʦְûб䡣
ʧȥļ䣬Ҳûб䡣
ƺΪǣƣȴִƿʱʱ֮Ĺϵ
ͬţ㣬Ǿ

ûļ䣬ʵҲûôҪ
ΪʲôشЦˣˮɱֻˣҪһ˵ȻȥҪ
һգҪȡԼĶԻȥã
û
Ĵʦ֡Ҳܣ
Զ׵ľ룬ڳҹɫ£ǵɵƮȻ˼΢ĹâӳͬȻ
İ·
л˵
̫̫ˣţҪȱˣǳżǵ÷ɹ_
ĸҪĻ


11 
û˵ֻüʶšøһЩ·ƺͣĿⲻ֪ΪΣܿƵĿԶıֱͦŮ
̴磬ǻȥɡ䱻ᳶ˳ƺϸ𣬡ҡе㲻
ʱعʶĳƺദ̽ȥ
ˣЦһˣ˵ˣδƺ͹ʲô
ҹֻȷв²ġ
ķҲҪƺֻա
ʵҲ˵ƺ͵û˿ˡ
ĬȻƬ̣ջῴижϴ֮ǰȷʵƺ
̴硭
£ȥסƺͣĿⴥݲ԰׵ʱް˼֡
δ䣬ƺת뿪ֻǸնȻס
̴磿ƺɻ̧ͷߵˣȴ΢΢ƫͷת롣
֮£Բ׷һ˲䵭ĵԣ£š
ԣЦ˼֣ЦӦһ˵
á
ˮɢУգۼ䣬ǰû˵Ӱ
*
ϣ
ջص޹ҲŲסˣٿȻ浹ȥһֱڹеͫһνס룬ôˣ
ԣأ
ûشѾĲĲԾȻڿٵʧ

ˣûõġ
ɫ䣬æ뻽ȥҽɣֻǻһͷ㱻ֹˡ
ϣ
䡣ѿɫɫƽ΢΢̴ǵһİɣˡ
ֻķɶѣպԻָ
ʧȻأҡֻǽսʧྫѪҲδǿ֮ĩ
һƣûö˵ȴѹյһݡ
ֻʵ涪ˣƾһ޹
ҳĬķȥϣɫɺѿ̣ûסʵΪҪ䣿ȥ
˻Խء
ƽؾ֮Ǿʾϵ˽¡ΪصԾΪϣΪס
ദǧ꣬Ҳ˽ŭ£ЩЩǲ˵ģϾ˵Ҳãͽհˡ
ңֻСɵȸСƽ￴ųأʵִִֹ뵣һʱ嶯Լ
ֻǶ˫۾ʱվһ£صһϲ£ңҵʧȥˡû࣬Щ˱㶼ʲôˡ
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ôżʱδ˵⣬Ƭ̲Цŵȵʱ죬Իȡ
ǻҪȶãü
ͷ
ûش⣬ǳ֡
ϰҵȴԷӦ죬Ҳδ룬ѾϵŮͷ
⼱Ӹøһˡϣǰһָ˵ĶͷεˣٹܣҪҪȥ졣
ұܵסԼĶͷ
ܶǰδʱŮЦ䡣ֻʱеЦ棬üûƣϵ㣬۵ü
ڡ
аϸ۵ָ֮Ҳ
Ҫȥ£Ĭ˼ϢûټŵĻ⣬·侲
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֮ǰ˵˭ʵ̫ҪϾҰĵ˲١
鲻׾ˣһŹͳɡ֮λûϲɼĶӦ
Щˡ˴ʦ֣ƾһ㣬;ưոݡ
ҪҲҪˣ
Цȴ䣬һһٵĵɹǰһּƷɾƣζãպһ;ƴᣬλһ֣ͬҲΪһЩϲ
Ҳӱһΰɡ
ǣҿһۣȥ졣
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Ϊ𣬵λȻȻһšֻǣƺҲӵһţױд
˵ʢᣬֻյʸμӡĪ˵һֻСˣҲûʸϯġ
˵ƺ͹֮Ȼʸμ;ƴᡣվǰصպƺ͹سϯ
ƺЩĿ˿ӣлϲеŲΪһֻƽƽСܹμֻܲμӵᣬȻϲ¡
ǡ
̴磿ƺͲɳȥѯ˼
°ɡ˵ͷ̵ȥ߾ϣպ󣬱ƺͻ׼ʱ
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֮ͬ飬أ֮
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;ƴῪʼһգŵƽʣӦƮ졢ʤաææµµ֣һϲĳ
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־ٰĴᣬμӡμ;ƴҲ֣㶼
ⱾҲǸԼʵʱ̡
ԲֹЩҲĿⷿ
ԶˡЦŻ˻䣬
лϡ
˽룬˿ڳ˶ҪʾλĹ
ϵһλƺȻһ˿úܽһŰ
λԲֵ᷸ͼֻƺͿôнź£Ը
ۿȥͬһ֮俴ȥΪܡڳҲѣȴû׽
λƺ͹ɣȻˣۡʱ˺ȻЦſڣ˵ƺ͹㿴ȥ֮ϣίʵĽСڴˣȹףλ»֮ϲˡ
ֻǲ֪׼ʱٰСҲ籸»񣬹ףٵüޣҲСմմϲ
˵һλ峤
ݵλ˸λˣϷһλδŰ
һжȻ
ڳ񣬼ãȻǵǰ󣬴δٰ
ֻ˵ƺͽֻδһ£άӣʵơ
ֻ⻰˵ԵСһЩԴδֻԵʧš
˭˲֪ΪֻСӡ˵̽Ҳ뿴Цˡ
ϵһУҲӦ֮
̴硭
ƺͲĸӿ
Ҳü
δݹʤ֮ܳҡֻǻδκһڣһʺЦȻһĳţ峤˵öԣӦմմϲ
˵䣬ҷڶλһ޳Ӱվ
Ǹüÿӣһ˫һ΢΢ԵöַŵУУҲ˹Ŀ
׾ɡ
һϲͷ緲ķִһȣǳЦ̣ˣѶ̧
䣬ܿһк̴ӱ̧һŻ˴

׾վ˳˴룬һһ˶ıġ
Ǻͬ顣
̧ͷλϵŮ΢΢ЦСĽϵķѾã˵ѽ⣬Яǰףϴһ׮Ե
ǣ˫ָŵϵӣͷЦ룬صƸ񡣡
䣬š
žƱָȻһ̶
л˵
۰˨_


12 
ᣬڳĽΪ񣬶СҲӲǵĶ䡣
ֻǵǳڵķȥʱȴδƼһ˿
ȻǳȻģɫʲô仯ǷŻֻǴ뷨
Ҫϸʱȴڲ׵΢΢һɨһٿȻ˱æƿߡ
ΨһƺͿֻȻһ˿Ѻ۵ľƱһ£зΪʱɬͻϲȻʧˡ
ԾβΪף˴;ƴᣬΪڱչУԲδ
׾ֽĶӣΪǿǧǰ޳Ȼܴϯ
ˣףͻȻǲĿ
Ƕ޺ԣһʱڳ˵Ŀⶼת׵Ůϡ
֪ϿɷӦС׮Ը
ῡֻվһ˵Ļ
ĿԣΣεЦЦ⣬յˣǻϲֻǽ;ƴᣬȻܱĩá
˵⣬΢Ƭ̣ż£ݺɡžɫЦعãóԴ²ų⡣
ûоܾ
ǲ⣬;ƴԸС𣿡
лСᣬС֮
׾Цȶ˶ٴ׵Ů΢΢˹֡
һһ£ףüĿԼ䣬ȴһ˵ķΧȫ⣬޷ϤС
ⷬ졣
峤ɫȻ˱䣬ָܿϵЦ׵˼֡
ָ΢΢һֻѺ۵ľƱ˲ѿ¸ԭ˷
а˼Ϣ
ú罫Ҫ˫ϲˡ˵ȻǷٴοЦʵղð˻δشС⣬֪ƺ͹Ļ綨ںʱ
ЦЩΨ²ҵ̬гС񣬵鲢ްǫ
Ϊ峤ǴѪˣԼʱ
ã֮λֲһСŮ
ǱһЩѣһʯͷαȵϰ֮ͬΪ񣬷Լ١
⣬ҪΪѿҲǶ̽
֮λ߾֮
˼ıķӣȴڧһҲ
Ŀ⵭Ŀ
֪𡭡
£ιأ
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ô
վۣһ޴ѹѹ߲
Ī˵վѹ䣬ϥǴǴʹ
һһ춸Ȼڵ
Ȼ˵ϡ
ϵѱˮʪΪʹ߳ʧѪɫǲ˼ѿ
֮˵ϡܴ裬Ȼ̣
Ҫվãûһ֣ϵѹһ֣еľҲһ֡
Ǻ⣿ҧŭʵԼ֪ʱзŭ֮һ˿η
˿һĻ㶼ɫӡ
֪Ϊ֮ףôֵĴ١˾֮ҵһ˼
һӼ͵ʱ֮лһ
һ֪ͣЩ˵У಻Ϊ⡣
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񡭡
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ǿĸ֣˵
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ȷұʦƢã峤㣬ϴɡ
ʦ֣˵Ŀɶԣ
ߺȻתɫЦ̣绨续÷
ȻĿ⣬šһ
Ц˼֣еʧ˶١ĴʦְһУȻỤ
ΪԼΪѷʵΪ
Ƕ뿴ЦȴˣɽĴʦǻ̡
Ҳûƭ
ûС
ӭȢŮӡ
ÿ˶ҪΪԼи𣬷峤һ֮ӦöɣƿߣŹڵϵķ
Ȼ
ɫѿзŭѵٺŭҲòĶ֡
ϵѹˡ
ȫΪȥֵҲ·ֻ뺣һ
ȥҲܸܵЩϵߡЩ쵰Ȼڳ
С񲻸ԣð𡭡ϡͷ裬Сϴ
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Ϸһÿһֶڷشһ¡
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صԼλϣ¸߾ҷλҲûһ˿顣¹ȻΪЦ
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̧ͷĿԡ
Ǳлˡ
ҲִƱңңһⱭơ
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ֻʱֲͬʱ󲿷ֵ˶ûЦ顣
ɵӣοЩ˶ɣ㶼˷Ϣ
ӵҪ֮ˡ
˴ԷΪף֮⣬вӡϷ飬㴫˳
峤裬ȻҲòȥ
ڷǵĵУԸˡ
˲ͬ׾ɵáһԼȥ칬
룬ѵʱˡ
̱Ͷ԰׾ɹ뵽λ֮Ϊ칬ĵڶλˣ
·ɣҿ᲻þϵȾˡ׾Ц֣һӱ̵УһС档
飬֮ܣʱ°빦˵ֻǲֵǮС˵ȴǲɶõı
ЦøһЩæСɶлʹ͡
һߴ·һ߲֮̾У䲻ǸǿɳƵǵһ
Ϊ𣬿ҲվҲɣ
һǰһ칬˭ûзֲԶһӰһ
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ţǶȥɡ
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˶ˣֻʣ׾ˡ
룬ˡ׾߽룬ǽϣü۷飬òҿ䵭˲٣˼㡣㵹ãѵ겻ɣ
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뽽껨ԣһۣɲЩᱻƵСûΣҪ㲻ˡ
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Ӧǣһųҹҡ
׵Ů׾ֽסŵᣬЦӵǸң״Ưʮ㣬֭ˮСлʹˡ
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ȥ˻ǵǰ׾ȥɽ˲ꡣ
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һɽСһС˳ۣ֪˶ټܡ
ֻǴŴţҲͬ䣬˸кܶ๲ͬԣϵ֮˸׽˲١
һܡǹѵ÷
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Ȼ֪ǵΪãû޳ˣĻʦּ˱ˣ׾Щ꣬Ҳ֪ϲˡڱչأ˴
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Ҫ֪һ𵷵ֺɴöһָͷ˫
룬㲻ÿôࡣ䲻ǿҲӲκˣ㲻õġ
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˵Ҳ״˴ΰ׾ɵ׵ԭ޷Ϊһܡ
ŵɣлл塣ǵ⣬ˡֻ£󲻱ᡣ
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ôΪʲôЦЦֻ̾ǲϲŮӺްˡ
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׾û˵ֻá
ҲĬĿ
һ̣׾ɷ·صʱӺܾ֮ǰ֪ǰŮжôִ
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á
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δ䣬һϤİӰǰ

׾ΪȲᷢĸ٣ΪĳҪְˡ
һ㣬׾ֻ֪úЦ
֪СǺ⣿
ãſʣӦ㣿ɫ侲¡
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Ӻ̫ʹˣȥãʹءʦ˵׵λ˨_ԴһҪעⱣԼ尡̫ˣ


13 
ΪС׾ɴСûܹίҪʲôҪڣͻ뷽跨͵ǰƫƫһϣ˸ͷõζ
ͲһˣݵλҪ͵Ҳָ
ǰȻһλ
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˴ӦС˵ʵɣ
˵سˣûˡټ˽磬ע⵽
׾ɻ䣬ΧٿȻ
׾ɱӲ׼ΪԼ˵һ㾳ȴΧ˺ȻһЩûʲô
Ȼûж֡
ϲ㡣
Ҳ֪˶ãһĮȻһ˿˿΢ƣԵԽӲ
׾ɿǰİֻޱ飬ʲôϲŭƺһģһ
һȻЦ
ƶϲϲС񣿡شƶ˶ȣо仰վ飬ǿġϽջ⣬˭ܱ֤աա󶼲᣿
ü˪
д󵱻Ů󵱼ޣ쾭壬ѿӭȢˣСɣ
俴˵ʲô
ԣ׾ֻˣȻҪƺͽԵɣҲûбҪ
ȻѶʱ̲Ҫ
ң׾ȣĵЦϲңҲϲȻҲŮ֮ȻˣԺܴ£
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Ĵʦ֣Ȼʸܴ¡ָʶսһ˲ڡ
ʦ֡׾֣ǰˣϵЦȥСΪʧȥ˼䣬ԼɽĴʦˡ
ɽʱ׾δݷʥΪʦ㲻ɽĵӣλʦ֣ҲΪ
Ϊݺǿ󣬸Ϊ·
Ȼ񣬿ɲɵ֪زֵĵطǲԵˡ
׾һֱϲòһǳָεĴʦ֡
ʥ˳չأɽαϡԵĮЦʱɽδκ©
ʦڣɽĵҲδܹίʱ۸ˣǵĴʦȻӲᰲοǣȴִɽΪֻع
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縸ʦֱǵİʦ
ֵ˵İ
ǰ׾ɿˬȴ˽±Թ̱ǿӲĳʯͷҲҲȱ㡣
Ƕ롣
ԼΪʦֵΣй֮޲
ʥ¹λ״ӣԼ¡˶ҪΪһʦֹ֣һʦá
˶˵ʦִ˽
֮ԵλȻһҪԭ򣬱һͬ顣ͬһñܹһδ
й¶Ԥ֪δСͬҪǿķܵصķɡ
һΣĽȥֱڣƻδָ
ͬҲ֮߸Ľ
չǰͬ齻˰׾Сƹܴǧ꣬ôֻͬһΡ
׾⣬֪һˣǰλ
ͬһáǰȻȥҵ˽֮
һԼ࣬óϹ飬ֱӿżɽ⡣
׾ʱ⣬˲٣ȱݡˣǰǧ޳
ϹֲһȱݣЩһֱΪѰҴ
ֻϹԣŬô궼δջȴû뵽о˱
֪εõϹģ۴Ӻζ׾ɶܾݽס
ΪҪͬ飿Ӧ֪ͬҪĴۡҲȫˡ֮ͬǰ׾ɻ̲סʵ
׾ɱΪش𣬱Ͼ£Ȼû͵ıҪң׾˼ɽʱĪ˳ۣġ
ˡ
Ȼش⡣ֻ˵һ䣬ֹס˻ͷͬҡ
⻰˵ͷûβ׾һʱ˼һ㣬ȴˡǾͬ飬Ӧйء
׾ɲ֪ͨͬ鿴ʲôֻ֪ӽҳʱȻԡѪɷˣĿ뺮衣
ʹͬ³ǿҲǱҡ
һĻ׾ʱüͷϸ뵽׷ʲô£ɻûüڣ²κˣؽ𣡡
δ䣬׾ɱһأ˽䡣󣬵Ҫй¶֮£һΪؽɢԼҲɢ
ֶ񶾺Ľ䣬ʩҲҪĴۡ
οʱͬķɣʩ´ɫʱҰѩϵϢ΢˲١
鵽жôأֵ˴Ĵۣ׾ɲĴ䣬һ£ס뿪æʵ뵽ôˣ
벻ܻġûһϡ
ûȻش⣬üĳƺ
ôˣ׾ɴ˿̲۳ƺ⣬һҩáҲ֮᪻˵ܰæ
ˡ
Ȱ׾˵꣬зӣκµġ
ǿ
˵գתҪߣһӣȾѪİȻ£ȥһȾ԰׵ɫ·ղʲôδ
ϲ𣿡
ǵ޳ߴıӰ׾ɺȻڡû𣬶ֱ֡
ǰİٿȻס˽Ųת׾ɣüȾϲĪҪ˵
ôǺ˵׾ɴ粽ãΪ˵زѵΪϲ𣿡
ѣʱһУ׾Ȼǵá
ʱʣɵĳһ䡪
Ĵʦ֣Ȼп˱ΣŮ֮û˿ϵ
ԣ㲢ϲ
ȻһᶨЩݣ밢ֻ֮ͬ顣
Ӧý̹ǰɣһۣ΢䣬ֱ·ϣǡ˴αںϣһΡ´Σġ
סˡ
δ䣬Ѿˣֻ
뿪ûã׾ɱ˵·ˡټǴ˴;ƴᣬȴ̶̰꣬ǲ׺ɣ
*
뵽ʱڽ⣬˵֮˼֮Щ£׾ɫ
ڴǵЦʧһɶ
ȻؼõĴʦ֣ʵСĽ׾ɵٹãС밢ϲҲܸŰ뻽һʦˡ
䣬ǰ鰮İüøĿҲ
ʦ֣ҲصİԿҲһ𳤴÷˴˼˽ⲻǳɻ󣬱ǲɪҲܰءҲ⣬˵⣬˶٣¹˴Ц˵ġ
˵ʲôʲôˣ
׾״Ŀڵʦѵ֪𣿰ϲˣֻ޳֮ˡ
˭
¹΢΢
ʦ𣿡׾ȴûش⣬ֻѾˣʦ֣ҲòЩ°ɣϾʦҲһӣ𣿡
ңɵһ̫ˣı
ʱˣС㲻Ŵʦˣиǡ˵գ׾ʩʩȻһ񣬱Ҫ뿪
ֻǸת㴫˳
δ֮˭Ҳ¶ۣ֮»δʽ£ԻǾ֮ǡ벻ܻģҲĴʦ֡
ԣ׾ЦӦһãлѣСˡ
ЦתŵĹСҲ֤С˵ġлᣬСҲȫġˡ
֣΢΢
ֱֱվԭأһδ
*
λ֮ϣҪʲôòΪβİ֮أ
ϲġ˭
֪䣬칬⡣˿̣δȥΣһʱע⡣
ݼ𣡡æʵ֪к£
ڹվĬ˰Σŵϣȥͨɡȴû뵽ԣЩΪѵСĿ
ȥ
Ϣŭϴʱ칬Сصţϸճ˹
ǰŸռ˰׾ɣڴʱ
ɫΪδ˿̳ȥ
𣬾ȥϡǲٳӣ϶ȥɽΪġ

񣿡һ
ǡΪʧ䣬ϸĽ͵ǾϵĶʦ֣ϸ鼫áǰ˯δѡϲأÿٳ϶ȥ
δѡ
ĶߺȻ˲ǰ׾˵Ļ
ϲˣֻ޳֮ˡ
ɽӲʧȥ䣬صЩʵź¼֪Ҳһž֮ˣͷԲ
˵Ըƴ󷽣ǼõӣĽ˲֪˵ʦʦúܺãСʦãҲΪ
ǵĸ鼫á
ԭվƬ̣Ȼת뿪
׾˵ûд󵱻Ů󵱼ޣϲ˭Ҫ˭ɻ飬޹ء
ûҪܣҲҪܡ
Ҳֲܡ
л˵
Ƕ԰Ҫ쵽İˣ˿ˣŬӿٶ˹


14 
̴磬ôôŻ
Ժ̤ҹɫˣƺʹ˶ӭȥʵǳʲôɫôá
£㲻õġվߵǰŮӣĿüۼҴɨôˣôûȥϢҹҲأ档
ÿһ仰ƶڹ壬ȴûлش⡣
ƺĵ΢΢һȴɵЦҵѾöˣֻǽտ̫һЩЩ˯š
˵ʲô𣿡ԣɫ˳
ǵģ̴ᡣԴһº󣬴Ҷҵ̬ͱˣľǸֿޣл
ƺæ֣е㲻˼ĵҴûܲμʢᣬ̫ˡ
˵⣬ͣһ˲ż̴磬ԼĻңѾܸмˡЩ£㲻ǿԼġ첻磬ްģܹѾ֮ˣҲġ
롣Ҫģ飬һᴦĬƬ̲ڣһ£Ҽ˵ڣ㲻ᷴڡ֮գǾٰ硣
ƺͷ˵ŰϲĻϲûжٰϲµϲã糣㵭Ȼ侲
УЩҵͻϲȻͳȥ
ʱˣȥϢɡ
áƺʹͷ̴磬ҲϢ
˵⣬Ȼ̧һۣ΢°ͣ˼Ϣ
ҹأֻ΢СԡԣϹֻ꣬Ҫ룬ǿ籩Ҳ
ǡˡ
۸㣬ֻܸ֪ҡᶨȻƺֻͣҪڣܶ㡣
󣬺ȻϤ
ʶ꣬ȷʵġ
ƺͶסŲתڹʳǸ⣺̴磬ϲŮ֮ϲ
ٿȻ̧
Ĭҹɫһ㣬
Σ΢üش𣺡һỤ㣬˺㡣ر⣬ֻٴǿỤɻرǴ𰸡
*
ҹעǸƽҹƽҹɫ£˭ҲԤϲİӿ
ҲδһͬǰȥɽĽӦˣЩطվ̤ġ
ֻǼϲʣҲԼΪΡˣûͬȥɽȴһֱڽŴžϹ
׵ֱͦűֳһصֱֱվڽſڣɫɽڵķ
ӣ붼ϴһһҹֵ;ƴᣬһЩ
һȣһҹֱһƳػ
ңԭ㾹˺ңʱһЩ𣬴ı棬ټΪβȥ
ǿּ·ϣ
һķǳӣ໹ڣֻüĿ¶ͰƻƤҵС
Ƿͬĸ׵ܷѪԵϵҵ֡
ֻ˵ĹϵԺ⣬Ǻζҵı󻹸ż壬ңһ߰ӵģ
ԭϣ˴Ըܹ߰ܣȻҪ뷽跨Ѷһ
󣬷ȥҡ
ͳ죬Ҳǳ塣ְλõĺãдá
ֳ˺ܶ࣬͵ҹԸ¡
ֻϧȴû뵽Ҹû
ͳ죬ҵֻоһˡɫδ䣬ֻĮĿŷĵֻһ֮кȨϵĽּĪв֮ģ
ңʲô˼ԣŭЦɱԼĳΪ˸֦ܸıǵͼѪɣ
弫ΪѪͳԴѪΪ٣ѪΪܡԷȸΪףǴѪȸ
ȸѪȴǻѪȸ뷲Ϊܴ衣η֮ӣҲδõϣʱܾ衣
־֣Ϊλܻס㣿ǺǣԼǿ˲š
δ˵꣬Ͼʹʱҽһݾ䣬ԭֱӶ֣

ٸҶԾϲұȡͷ
ң㾹ңȻܾˣʧȥǡ֮ǰ磬ɴʱ˿̣뵽ԼȻڳ˳ټϲǰЩķԷﻹܼǵЩ
Ǵʱˣ˻ο壿
ŭһֱӴŭôĵӣˣץ
ү侲磬壡صأڴ˺֣
˴ǽţвɽȻɷ
ɷǴѪˣֳ֮ͬˣЩɽ
ǼҲǵ翴Źˣֺʸǰ
ԣǵû˿ЦүƫҪ֣ҺΣ
ɱҲɣ˵ˣϳǾͿûôı°ɣǵľϣҲҶԱүСУο⼸Ź
ˣϣ
ɵĶãҲԳô˻ΪЩҳЦ֪ǵ
ϲ˶
ƶЩ˸Ҷ֡
ǣ
δ䣬ѾȥҲҹ˹ȥҽΪղֻһʱ죬ռȻ
˽ͳΣңԶֻǱҲڽµֻ֣ѪԶ޷սʤѪģԶ뵽˺ܶǰʱֻӲڽ£ݺݵĹͷڽ¹Ӳд
ֻҪһ뵽Ǹ棬˷ܵò
ûӦֻǳĬĳ˵ηӭȥûû˿ϡ
Уػɱ
һβУǾΡΪۣ
֣ҷߣ˭ɱ⣡
俴һηηŵɽһۣ΢΢ָȾӿɷ
ǣ

ֻǰһֱֻһʹ˵ϣһնұۡ
ôܡô㣿ܡû˷ŵţȾһ˿־壬ۿسĲӿ
޿ɱܡ
ǱһУɣ
ңˣ㾹ĸɱң
ɫɷףҪԼȴ֣嶼ɽסԹ˲Ͼ
ֳң
ǧһ֮ʣ̲ס̴һ˷Ķܣסһ
üһ壬һֻ̣һ׺ݵϮһۣܿƵĻ˻ӡ
ؿھʹѪӿһ˿Ѫ˴ǡ
Ĺ
Ϊϵľ޴蹵ȫֵҲһˡȻΪҲ񣬲ڵܹӮġ
ˣҲӲסѹûкһ
ˡ
ס֣
һ
һδţٴξеŷȥ´˿̵ÿһ£ϵĹͷҪһҲûͣ
ңôĵӣһץѷץߣ׵ܱնϵֱۣɫ
˱׵ֱۣܵǱɣ
˵䣬ЦһƳҵͷȥ
Χһζضɽҡһ˷ʮΪ汻УҶ
ûбܿǱ۾
ȫ۵Ǻԥѡء
ϣʧְˡ
ֻáʧ
ɵȸÿ
һϤöŮȻڶȻ۾һᾫµȹڴǰһζ
ۿȥһȴֱͦٻӰ
ǺôĵӡЦһЦײȪȴһƬˣҲҶ
ѷŷ˵Ļ
һ
Ϊ⡣
ѵһΪԼΪˡңֲ
򲻹ѵ򲻹һС
Σ㡭
ֻǻδ˵ֻ꣬ؿһۣȻͷһɫĳ͸š
ٶ̫ˣ쵽ûп壬ȻҲܲˡ
Χʱ
ֻʣķһʱƺ˵
Ȼ˳ȥ
ִһֻϸе֡
ôܣôᡭһС
һжѡ
ֻһУˣ
һȻҪ˷ȴش
޾׵Ů΢΢˹ǣһĨƷ绪Ц΢΢ƫͷش˷ղŵ⣬Σ֮֮ˣ˭Ҳܶ
δ䣬ٿȻ
һֻ̣һ磬ʺ׵ĵ棬һͷڵϡǷͷ­
ǰһֶûü˵ֵֻһ˫۾
Ҫ
ڽϣҲʥ׿ڿޣ£˫
ڽϵ츳ʦֲʱգܴɡʱʥḧ˸СͽܵԴ϶Ŀ޵
ҲȺӢҲķҲǱĴڡ
ֻȥδܶ˱ˣɽСʦҲǾľš
л˵
ǧ
ǰһСΣ鷳ע⿴һ¹ǿһ£ǺŶİб꣩


15 
֮ѻȸ˽žڲԶŮɾɫףΨһЩϳǰѽ
˽˷ʥΪͽ죬նƾ
ɽϵӣֳһֱɱ˴ģһնޣһء
һս
ʱ⣿ͷʱǹɽϱĴʦ֡
ֻϧʵһЩ
һûаγ֮ϵгǧɽûл١ǲܰΡ
Ҫˡ
Ҫ֪ԸִŽЦɫҰɫķһһһһЦǣ˼¡
ȴĺ˰벽ɫѿĿλЦƯ̵֡Ůǵһʶ
˶Ѿɱˣ⻰
ͬ׵ܵͷ­Ľ£ɫĽմ׵ȵѪѪΧÿһ
кŭ죬޲ֱȡɽŭȴ޷εľ⡣
Ķ֡
Ȼλ֣ͬ
һ㣬׵֮÷ܺ;塣һţĳﻮı
·ϡϣɱһ仰˵ϡɱúá
ûϺͿǻûа泹ȴϺͿּ̣Ͼڳ֮˭֪вꡣ
ͣȲ롣
Ц֮ɲЩԣ粻˽еΥߣı֮۴
֪ıָ֮ôУ
º͵Ŀ˷ϣȴֻĵ׷Ȼ˻Ρ
޷ˣǡɨһΧϣȻһˣ񣬱߷ı֮ôаɡ
㵽΢٣ָֻܿ˹ɫ糣ĳ빪񣬹ӦһС
˵ţߵߣ棬ӦסֻأӷӦ۴߳ɹǣ·䣬ʮ֮࡭
ÿһ䣬ɫһ֣ǼղŸŷǶ˵ǾŲ׷׹˵ġ
Ǳ֮ղŵİ̬֮ر
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˿ڵѪѾֹסˣΪ̶ֳȵ㲻öأδѪ
Ȼ˿̣ȴɫҲˡ
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δ䣬ȥֻһϥײ˼Ӳĵϡ
ϥǰͷ籰ūһһ档
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λҲ
룬˺Ҳ̧ͷˡ
ս˫ȭָش̽ġԼӱʮ겻һգᱨ֮裡
Ȼз飬׶ѳȻδ´ķϣһ档
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãõֻϥۣϷŴŮƽ
ֻ⣬ӣ㷣ȥ˼¾˼ꡣǣɷ
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ΪӵһЩȨƺͣȻҲӵȨ
󣬵ĶȻˡ
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ǣ
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뿪ڽŵֱӣһۣҲӵɢȥˡ
Ψз뼸廹ԭأŵϵѪ׷ʬ壬ɫס
̴磬ϡ
뵽֮ǰԻصһƺ亦£ȴ鲻Խظ̾
ʵѾһˣƺҲĿſĵȫ̡
ֳộСɶˣΪ᲻֪
ᣬзʲô״򷢵Сɫ
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š
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á
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ᣡ
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ɣˣԵñһóһƿҩȵЦҲ𣬱ǽûһҲҪʹһġ
һ;ƴ᱾ĿģһЩˡ
½岻£Ҳ֣һֵ㹻
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Ҳֻʹһˡ΢΢ȥૣɵȸס˲翿ǿҲֲǿӸλߣ
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֮λ߾֮Цһڴ˭ܳΪ֮
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Ŀ𣿡ŮȴЩţӵУ飬ʦúÿвԵĵط̾ҡ
δ䣬㿴ЦһŮţȻЦһ׽ٴУ㶼˿һˣϢһɡ
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˵ȴ֮ȻȻ¶һǡ
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Уҿҿ𣿡
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˻һɫŵŮЦ˳ʱ紺ů
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̴磿ƺæѴţ㿴վſڵôˣῪʼҡǳٵ𣿡
£;ƴһվС
ЩȣΪԼٵˣæԲϾȥ·
ẓ́ȫɡƺϰԼԼŮбټֻһֻСЪϢʱδҹ
ʱ磬㲻żڣ˵Ҫϰձ㿪ʼɡ

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г·Ϊһ壬˽һֻ򵥵ĽʹҲס
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Ķ̫ˣƺȫעҲֻ˴룬һ׽ÿĿİûаơ
˽üģһǰѼµĶˡ
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˶ΪרעƺδһĻ˱˵СҲǣϾ˵ϰɱͲ٣ҪһȥǶϰˡ
Ϸ
վڸ󶥣ң·һĻΣͷԼеճ˽Ȼ£²ܶҲʹʹС
˽֪ʦģȴ֪ĽȴǴʦ̡
һһʽԴ
븩·ŮһרĽ̵һѧϰ

л˵
ǧ֣ˣһ¡
ЩеϣҪΪ̫뿴İڰɹⱾȻظߣҲҪḻĹҾ໥ɾͣƴŬУ


16 
״ӡѡپϢһ˸塣˾˵ļƻʼδ
ܷ֮ǰϢ˾ȣȴ޷ѹ´ˡ
ɲǰڽŵľһĿøʶǵһߡ
ӵоԵһܳΪ֮Ϊ֮ȴǲһķ
ǿ˳ҲĸԸΪߡˣһսٴҪѡپĶ֮˶Ȼ١
Ͼһ˸˻ᡣ
λҰļңȻΪ¡һ֮ҪôȥҪôעһ
ʦ𣬵ܣֻЩˡ
뿪ص޵¿ел֮ɫһǸʧˣҲһϸ
˽顢رĴ˽ˣҪҲŹ
*
ڶյ;ƴг˲١
Ʋμһϣϯü˳ۣԼĴڸС
ǰ֮ϯҲٲ۵˵ЩĻҽԹؾصģʱʱЦּ䣬ֺϲ
˼ἴƽ˾һɿɸС
ֱһų״ִٵƽ
³һٰ磬ʱӭ𸮡ƽ򵥵һ仰õгװ
δЩ˵̧ͷλ룬վִƱգ𸮹Ϲֺ١
ϯλƷƵİ׾Цȥ̧뿴ȥԣվԵ΢䣬ü塣
һʱ䣬ƺڳ˶룬ڵĴ𸴡
ɻȢޣȻϲ¡ŮųѣĿЦݣû˿ңȻ򶨵Цŵ뱾ҲƤȥġ
һ˵ţһԱźΪ˾ƣȻִƱңңһڴˣԴ˾ƹ»֮ϲ
Խöûһ˿һĲԸʢϲ⡣
˶Ϊ׮·գʧѹǼʲƽƫƫǵԸ
ǷǷй޹ϵһȴӲı䡣
Ȼͬʦá
ĽĴʦȢ޳ɻ飬ȻҪ߸˵ĹϲҪһ޶ĺ
лĻ
ڰ΢Ůһɨ漴ִ΢̧ȻһЦмһ
Ƭ̣Ҳ˱оơ
ǰ˿ɻǺͺͬţǢദ棬һжô
ϲСҲһ»ϲ·׾վķ΢΢ƱЦźⱭơ
þƣ
ЦֿϹȻؼ󷽵ˣþдǡɹƵҲԽԽˣǾϡĺá
;ƴʵǺáһ۲תȻ׾ƵС񾴾һлϿԤףٵüͽ
λɼң˵Ҳǣ
ȻȻȺþƿɲ׵á˻һۣҲվ빰־ƣȾϡ
ⱾյˣЦһƵҲ㿴δͽ
⻰Ȳʵ֪϶ͽܵҪǺΣҲļϾ˭޷ܾϵȨ
лǸλãȻŹ
Ҳɿʣ˵Ӹ徫Ӣѡ֪ʱʼѡΣʱ䶨£Ҳӵ׼
Ϲǿ壬սǿֻΪѪ̫ǿ󣬷ѣдѪѲȴǰˡ
ˣʵҲ塢ƾС
Զԣ΢΢һҲŵ˵öԣ֪϶Դ¿к³̣
̨˼죬ѡΣҲ˺޲ⳡѡԶҲ
λ˵ɫԿЩϺͬϲβ¶ɫҪץסǵĺβͲס
ԣɫĹ𴽽ǵԴ¶ֵ֧̬ȣϲȻˣȻ粻˳٣֮󣬸ɰоӢ칬
壬ŮÿԿһ칬ǧ¡ԿЩӢһΪڣͨߣǱͽܣپ뱾¡
ĸ֣һ˶ը죬˲ΪϵĵλȨĶ
ɣҲ޷Լ
ֻ֪಻ʮձ᳹ױ֮˵Ҳǻ֮ưˡ
һʼʹδյӡ
·ɫĿϷȥ緢ŮԼ֪üͷ֪ʱ΢΢š
벻һǧ꣬Ƿ绪ïûбҪѡһδвپ
ΪҪ
Ҫ֪𰸲ѣֻҪȥ߳ɡļ䣬Ȼȥ롣
ûС
λҲĴʦ֡
ջĿ⣬ĬԼλϡߣƺƺС̴磬㻹Ҫ𣿡
ɹľȷʵǼƷƺ򿪵һ˲磬ֱֱ˵ıǼ䣬ջʮ㡣
ˡ
ȴͷѿ˵ľƱ˰ϣʾٺˡһ̣֪ΪκȻ뵽˵Ļ
ϲơ
*
룬׷ʲô£ΪͻȻҪͽڶ;ƴһ׾ɱɹһ룬ֱӿʡ
µԣֹס˽Ų
ôµЦЦûʲô£ǱͻȻͽ˶ѡģ㲻ոͽܺ˼𣿡
ֻԭ򣿡׾šüûɢ
ȻȻûʲôԭ򣿡εҡͷġ
ǲǲˣ
ֻ뻰δ˵꣬׾ɱȻڴڵĻʱ˻ȥϵЦҲȥ
Ϊλ˵
վɫȻĿ׾ɡ״˾ܣһֱߵҲ֪ȫʲôҲ֪
ǰһд˷ˡ£׾ΪλʳĻ
ֲϹɵȻóĲԾң׾ɳ룬ĪʶһˣôƭĹң
ʵȻˡ
αװúܺã߹׾Ҳµһ㡣ֻһ̣ԸԼʲôҲ֪Ҳù˼尾
嵽ˣ׾̲סʡ
ĬһŻصʱˣҲôĿң뿪㣬ɻˣ
ʲô׾ս˫ȭû˳ЦҸô㣿
ʵ⻰Լ֪
ӵزƸзӣˡ
Ȼҡͷûõġ
Цһ£ƺҪһ㣬Ҷһˣ˼䣬Ϲˡԣ
ϣ
˵Ǹ֣һֱĬȻ
׾ûЦһ롣ðΣ¿ʣ֪𣿡
شӿٵȻʧȥ˼䣬Ϊڣ˵зӡң֮ǰԣ϶зӵģھȥ
׾ɣվס
ס˵ˣûõġ֪ҲȲҡ
ܡ
ɣҵûˣˡ侲Ķ˵Ӧ֪ζʲôѾӲдһ꣬Ҳõʱˡ
׾Ȼֹס˽Ų
ȥҡ
ҲġЦļ򣬡ûϵģҶ£ʲô
ôҲͬ飬Ȼܿģ׾ɺȻ뵽ʲôæԣͬ飡ָ䣬˵֪
ȻΪҪͬ飿
ԣȴĬˡ
𣬾ָ䣬Ҳˡңָ˼Σ
޷ΪѰˡ
ûи߰׾ɣʵƺϡһֱΪԼһϵˣһӲ
ɱһֻѣӦóɡңǱĶȡӦ
ɽǸ߹Լ
ǰֳǰڵĻ棬Ĵʦֺԥᶨ
ӦĺϲֻСɡ
޹鰮ô࣬δжԲһûͳŲȥˡ
ԣܶ𱨣ɱİ֮ˣ
ĵġ
˺ЩӳٳδҪѰһȫֻ֮䰲ȫ
*
վûлԥȥˡ
ļƻɹˣ˹Ҳסѡ˹עһֻû뵽Щ˵ĵӾ󣬾˽Էų˻ޡ
յ;ƴᣬֻ޴硣
Դڴġ
ûҲûħԨһȫǱȾĻ֮ħմϣȾ塣ʱԻʧȥǣа
ǰңаħƿ˴ĵķӡΪʥΪƽϢңλӹͬԿޣӡ׷ס˴ġ
ʱɽѪɺӣʦʦǵѪȾ˴ءǰһս˽¡
˺꣬ҽ־һͬıܿģ˭Ҳȥƻӡ
Ȼ㾡ɽȫµķӡҲôƻġҲ
ֻ޴Ӻζ
ɱ
ǻޣҽӡ򲻿
ϣ

ŻͰʱңֱֻײʧɫֻʶܡ
ֻǲ֪ΪΣֻĿֱֻ꣬ӳȥ
𡪡
޴쳹ȾĻ֮ɽ㳯֮ƴ󣬼Ҫû
ϣ
룡
ҺͰ׾ɶҪ˹Ȼ֮Ǵ粽Уǵٶȣ
һţԶԹ˲ϾΨһĨµİӰһ㳯뼲ٶȥ

ɵİγֱҪֻ˹ȥĻ޹ȥ
ƺ͹Сģ㿪
ȻڴʱȻ̾ʧһ٣Ȼס
ԭֻ޾ƺͷȥ
̴硭
ݵСæóŸѧĽҪֵޣ޿κεĻޣһֻֿܵģ
޳׶ſ죬һжֻڵʯ֮
Ϣʱ䣬˻޵£в񱻻֮ˡҪɹİ׾ɺȻҲ⡣
룬㿪
ϡ
۾һĻ
µÿһͷĻȾѪϡҲȫ˿ڣǱ˼㡣
һ
ϵ飬Ӣǰ߰ѪϸѪģҲ̶á
Ĵʦ֡
սֻζˣǳɡ
Ǹ
һ䣬ֳƺڵķһץһ˲ȻСţͳǿʻࡣ
δʲôȫ
Ψж롣
л˵
ǧ֣ŻһvҪĵҲ


17 
֮УΨܳ׳ܱȾĻ֮ԸԸλϣ
λڼ䣬Լĳ¾
ɱһˣȲɱ
ס֣
ǿǻбڳһɲǣںԥĳ
Ľֱ⳯
ûбֱܿסƺȥ壬Լǰ档
ϣǵɱĽⶸȻͣסһ˲Ϣʧ
룬ſ
Ҫˣֵǣ˶ǿȻһ㿴ϵ档
Ļ޽ȥ
Ϊȥ
ֻվ棬ǰһĻ
ŮĵǿʺǹûУճ׻Ϊޡ
ֻǰǾƮƮ壬ԼǱ紵ɢڿеѪ˷ŷ顣
һֻġ
ϡ
ƺȻĿǰŽӣףԼյţȻ޹浽˼¡
̵£㱻࣬ҲûԹ֮ģֻɻֲĿ
ȡԼĶսģջصеȻĵľʹ
ҧҧȴûκα仯ֻޱĵ
֮ڣģ淢һУȴ
лᣬ𡣡
ԭԭˡ
һ˲䣬ƺͷ·е࣬ȻЦ˳ЦãԭϾϵҡҺÿġϣǲ˵ʵҲûôͨ
ԽԽҲԽԽģۼűҪɢ
һ̣ƺȴЦúܿġ
ϲΣġġһ컯ˡ
ֻһͨҰݣûããݴ֮Уûκγ֮һգһǡϣûҰһƽƽãȻ¶Ĺݵһ
ǣΣ䡣֮ͬ˵ѼǾˡ
ûоϵ࣬ˣ߹˼ɽӣ磿
ֻһֻ
ƺͿǰ߸ϵŮǼĴ࣬ÿһΣŮԶԶ߸ϣ
ΨһΣ
뵽ˣ¶һĨЦشŵֱסǰŮֻ˲ϢջԼ֣һ룬·ֻǴ
ϡлл
һ£Ǳק۵˼¡ȻߣҪ
㾡ȫһ
ãллˡ
СԽԽͣһ̣Ȼתͷ˲ԶþȫҪͻϳİ
ĿŻʧ䣬۾˵ĵõ˾ϵ࣬վҲԶΪ
λĿѣԵŮ
̴磬ˡһƺ͹úܿġɢɢСһ˿û˻С
ƺͣ
ڳ˹֣ҪץסȴʲôҲץסǿҲֻܿɢ
ҲֻСˡ
վϾһ˿̺޴롣ԼտҲ֣ãȻš
ƺͣƺֻ͡С֣һһ
Ҳģᡭ
ֻһۣٿȻߣٿȥ
ǿѹദͻȻӿǿԼȫ˼˷Ļϡعһ̣ͣͲǰΪɶڸܵ˾Υ
ഫʹôһ̣ΪصǰΪɽ緢Сʦá
üݣûһ˿ɣνĻޡ磬Ӱ˿壬Ѫ٣˲Ϣֵֻ粻ðĻ޾ȫΪ⣬û
һжƽ
ϣ
ҷɵ࣬׾Ҳ˹˾㶼ĵĿû°ɣ
һж̫ˣ˷ӦǵϢĳղŻڶսеͷվڸߴŮ
ϣѪ¡
ֻ֣ҲȾѪŴĿĺ졣Ѫл޵ģҲСֻΣеСġ
ɱ
׵ĽȻָĺߣ뺮ǵظһ䣬ɱ
ĪҪȻ߱ɣ
׾ɺҪǰ棬ֻ˸һһǣΧҲɾ޴ƵԶ
еλ˵սȦ
ɫδ䣬ִָ̧Ҫֻ侲ȵİ翪Уɱɷվǰ˫ϱѩ
з·кβѪһĴ̺죬ü侹֡
Ϊʲôƺڼѹźŭִ־΢΢ζ˰˲ûз㣬ΪʲôҪɱ
Ⱑ
Ĵʦִ˿̶Ȼ˰ɡ
ֻһ壬ʱһõʱԾȾĻ֮
ԣ˻Ȼ𲻾ǰƺס֮¡ǵʱڲ²ƺ͵²Ѫһ㡣
֪˴𰸡
ֻû뵽֪𰸵ʱ򣬾ֻС֮ʱ㡭ҡ
ֲԹ־ϣϾҲΪ˻ⳡΣѡֶֻδ̫һЩ
ƺ͹дãҲһҪ˲̵ķʽ̲סСֹ
鵤ҩƺʧȥֻ࣬ҪҽμʱҲ
ҽҽ˵ûΪһµࡣ
벻˵ƺ飬֮ǰеı
Щһ֪죬Ȼᰲĵȥ
ңһ£Ҫ˵⣬⡣ѡһ̣׼
һˣܴĿģԥ
Ůƽ˵ţûΪɱһֻ޹κͱ̵˼£˼Ϊᡣ
˿ȻսģֻѪп
׾ȴȻ˹˶һۣࡣҪڽͣԶŮУȻתͷһۡ
ʲôҲû˵˲˼
Ҫǵ˵ࡣ
˶Ǵ֮ˣܿйؽڣֻԽףбԽǱơ
ɵӣ
׾ҧأѰѾ֮֮Ժ󣬺ݺһ䣬˵ʲǻô
벻ܲ˵İһ඼˵ɿǵ´ŻȴȻϸݵӰĻҲ˵
û˵ֻͷңľϡ
룬ﶨȻܡ
ΪʲôԭƺͶľѪһˣһֻκ飬ĳ
ɱԼ޹ܲΣ
ľϲмȴδھΡӦ飬飬ȴ顣
ľĹ
ִдѪ۵ĵһ˷̲סֹǰֻȻһʯѣһ˵ϣɫֵؿ˿ԵΪͳ졣
㡢Ҫɡ
죡
ĽͳӸµĸŵɫȻ԰׵ɣ̧ޱɨΧһۣУΪϡߣɱ⣡
׾ɶ˶٣վҵߡ
˻һѻȸ
ʲôҲﲻַֻʽܹĶ徲һ㣬΢ùһ㡣
*
һˡȻ乴˴ǣЦȴѩ䣬һһ䱾ԥˣǱˣ
룬ûʸȡ
侲ĳţֻβĴ̺ԽŨ𣬾Ⱦī
ħ֮ס
˿ɵе޼᲻ݵжôֻСΪ߻ħ
üȻ䡣
ҪΣԼ׼һ̣侲ηҪɱ˱Ϊİ֮˳𣿡
𾲾ؿƽı£ȼա
Ҳû˿ζĽȵĶ׼Ĳԥ˵һ֣ǡ
ûһ˿ɡ
һǡ֣΢΢
ãЦЦҲִȻˣǱͽ̰ɡ
л˵
һvҪ
¹ȻҸǾöʶƬ棬²ҶܣԼ²שҲҪ


18 
ֱ˿,ȥҲû˿⣬·ղɱĲһ˵Цǵ顣
Ѫпᡭûһ˿
еѪɫҪûۿƺͻһ˲,˲ӿķŭͿֻš
ǹɷŭҡ,޲ðһжٵ
ɱƺ͡
ӦúӦɱӦΪƺͳ
𣬶ְɡ
˵˲䣬һ,Χ˽硣չ˸Ĺâ
ս˹ȥٶȼ죬һٶȥӰǿ˿塣
Ҫɱ𣿡
Χ۵ȵؿһĻ˵üͷѾһ켫,ܹ֮ס߶㿪֮١
,ǡ
ֻǻδ˵꣬µĻ㾡˻ȥ
һܷ,˵ǿ󡣵Ҳ֪,ʵһġ
ͬΪ,ΪҲиߵ֮֡
ɴ˿̣ڶ˶Ϊ㲻һʱֻ΢΢һ,ȱվһߡ
,˻ȥ
˵Ķܿ,ۻҡΪһЩѾǵĶ,ΨΪǿϡ
Ϊ벼˽,֮ĴȻңƻԲ
ֻײ䣬ҲˮһҡΡ
벻ϵĽҲ˾
һӣУ濴ȥ˾ȻƾСΨսе֪Ѿ쵽ˡ
֮վΪĲ࣬ǿһ˰࣬ɴ򲻹
һΪȲһս֮
û
Уػ¡
뵹ûʲô߳ܵĸоϾһʼԼĶ֣ο
ĽʹһһʽԴʤ˵ףȴ̫ѡ
ԵĻǸһħ
֮·֮ǰ
˿̣֮ܳŵڣ޷һϤʧȥ˼䣬ļƭˣɵϰ߲䡣
ȫʢʱڶûгŹʮУ˿̾Ȼѱƽ˶ʮС
Ϊʲô
˺
һգһ˿Ѫ߶ʱ˳ŰɵϼĿۡ
Ȼһ˻ͣ·ڷʲôƢҪȥ
Ȼס˽֮ýѺۡˣҲûа
ѱѪɫȾһȻһ˲
һǻָһ˲Ȼ̧˶Ůӣ߲Ƶϡ
ǵȾѪߵ˿ڣ쳣Ĵۡ
ƺһֻս类һһ㣬ʹ衣
Ϊʲô
ˣҪΪƺָΪʲôȻ׼ȷ˵ΪβԸ˺ǰĮŮ
УȷʵҲǲսʤ
λŮȻǿ󣬿Ҳû
Ӧֻбܻġ
Ϊʲô
Ӧġ
ͬʦã֮ͬ飬ƺˡģܣ
ͷ·Ϳ֮̽УֻҪһ뵽ƺŭǵضٴûջָһ˿
ˣƺˣС
ӦΪ
ˣΥ˵Ը㲻ܡзɿһĨֵƱյľʹִŽٴδ롣
񣬹зϵ£Ľ̽ؿڡ
硢һ硭
ٲý
̵ƺһӲܿƵĺ˰벽ʺѪؿȾ£׵Ľ֮ϡ
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Ѫɫް
ϣ
Χ۵㶼׾ɸ̷˹ȥǲĶ֣ҲԴС
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ૣãȻҡ
˺ԶԶֱһΣǷ뿪
ʦ֣
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ٿʱҲӰˡ
ˡ
ڼɱΪİ֮˱ǰһ˲Ȼˡǰһ̣Ѿӡ
ѡǿҲҪؼ䣬Ҳɱ
Լ
һ̣ͣ
ң뿪ķ򣬺Ȼ̲סЦ˳ֻһĨЦȿ޻ҪѿԼٿˣһ˲䣬ۿȻǵۡ
Ĵʦְվˣû֮ļ䣬ûĶ֡
ԥԭ
ΪѣҲԼֱѡľ֮С
ա˺
ϣ
֮¡عΧɨȥɱ֮μ;ƴ֮ǰ뿪硣Υߣɱۣ
·ɫһ䣬չۿ˷һս˭ҲԸΥŮԹӦּ
ܾˣ;ƴ㵽˽λȥ˰ɡ봽һĨǳĻȣָֻƽյ¶ȣճ˵С⣬˵ĻȻЧѡپһճС
֮ڣɡɲҪñʧ

ŮƯЦݣһӡ
*
ﬡ
Ȼ˴̶
ȻͣƼ䡣
ĿϳѺۡﬡﬡﬡѵԽԽֱȻһĽϳء
Ȼһ
Ȼζ鲻ԽסԼؿڣƤܸܵǻǿࡣ
Ϊʲô
ΪʲôĻܣΪʲôɱ
Ǳ֮ͬ飬Ǵľֹ֮
㲻ýǡ
ѶϳصüĿһ˲ĿãѶϳΪڱ
·ġ
ֺȻǰһʺһÿһΣһΡ
Ŵر˱ۡ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ã˫۾ѪɫѾȥ»ָƽ
ûٿѶϵֱӰս˽ӿռ䣬·һжδ
ղ֪ʱƼҪռϿաһȻ죬һεˮϡ
亮·˿̵Ѫ
գգմˮ۽ޣʹƲ·ȥŷ֣ԭ֪ʱѵϡ
ֻһۣȻջߣȻתɻ𸮡
𣿡̿һ£漴̻Ȼ񣬡Сɰݼ𡣡
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ǰ˶ĿһĻСͳ࣬𣬳ײˡ
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΢ֻǻδףǰһһɢ˿С
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̿ȥʱǰûӰ
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Ȼļգ𸮴Žգպ޲г˵Ҳûгһ
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Ȼ˶֪׽Ҳͽ͡
ԵȻ֮ϣӵϵλľҲκβ
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˵ЩУȻΪƺϧŭˣ˳ûˮˡ
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ڲͬһͰĹϵ۸ӡԽǴǿ壬Ī⡣
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ûܾܾȨջУֻ˵Ȩ
ʱ㣬ĴЩ¡ܿϧֻ˶̶գЩû㹻ʱ;ȥеڲϵ
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ҲЩˣôƫͷҡ
ԣ΢΢üһŻصֻһ棬¶ۡΪ츳֪Щ˽Ż󡣡
СɵȸѧˣȻҲѧ˹ĨǵˡҵĻشʵûסЦ
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ȥƺͦģÿüһüԼĸҲɢȥˡ
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ֻҪܿһ㣬Ըݣ컬ࡣ
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ҿΣŵҪϡ̫ˣֻĿ۸ȴʲôҲˡ
һҲ뵱˱С
ϵĲ࣬ԶҲ޷Խĺ蹵ŬΪҲһһϦġ
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ֶ֮θɾıѾã֤ݣҪ鵽˿ѡ
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ãǱĺϢˡ
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Ӧ˵Щ˲˴¡
ı˭νˡܿ죬Щ˱û˼ٸЩıˡ
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ҲҪӦųɣ
ң֮λ߾֮úһݴֻϣʱϲɡ
ȥɣҲˡ˵ţѾɻϣ΢΢˫ۣˡ
һȻ̵òע׻ԪգĴһЩ
ˣ촽΢΢˶ȴʲôҲû˵ȥ
ֻǴ뿪ϵŮȴȻ۾˫۾ûа˿硣
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ҲŲա
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ֻû뵽ջص޵㿴һϤˡ
룬㷽ȥĶˣ
ڰǰ׾ɡ
ôһ˲еòһˡ
ҵǾǺɫ׾ҡҡȣЦôƸúΪǾϵδ£ǵȻҪϽҲǡ
Щ㻹ûߣ
Щӣæ飬һ
ΪҪ᣿׾ߵǰһͳȥĶûٰĵҪ˱ǡ
ǲģҿɲ˾С
У㲻㲻ɣĶۡԼǣҪ˶ã칬ҪˣʱҲðᡣ
룬治һ±׾ɴսһĶչԼҷ棬ôҲһӢţһ㲻Ķ
ӣֻۿȸһǺꡣ۵ıͷۡ
׾ɣôô飡
ҪܽŮӣȥ𴦲ǡߣ뱾ʶ꣬ѵ֪ô𣿡
˶˼죬·ص˶ǰʱҲˣʱʱ㳳˭Ҳ˭
ֻǾȥŮˣʱ
У˵㣬䡣׾һͶƣ̾һʱǺ
ôôأ
ôΡȲǳһǱǷǮʲˣ
ôˣ벻֮У˭֪ˡ
ŴҲһ²ҪЧʤ
㵨ɱ
У֮Ҵˡ׾ģһת㻹ûشҵ⣬㷽ȥĶˣ˵޵Žġ
һȣǽһʱ
˵˼;Ƕδϰɡִ豭һڲ裬Ȼᣬþ߶ˣȥתתĪǻҪɣ
نȥ˥
ӦǵľжôĶҿǵƣ㣬㲻ˡˣˡ
գ׾ֱӱˡ
һĹĵģȥƺıòᡣֻǳ칬صԼסɫȴ
뼫ΣΪİ׾ô಻Ǹɵӣ׳һֽˣǶǿ
С󣬶ǰǿִ
֮ô뿪Ϊ۰ˡ뿪㲻װȥҲϢ
ɵӡ
׾Ȼȡ
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ʵθˣȷʵһľӢֻ⾫ӢˣҲֵǮˡһӱ
һֻѪȸѪԵϵҵõܡǧ꣬ѿ޳ɣ츳ƵϹˡ
ĵӣǴѪ룬Ҳǧ꣬ȴѳɣΪߵġ
Ϊ൱ˣĵŮСǧ꣬лǸСŮͷСģȥ˼˾Ů󣬵˸
˵츳Щûһλݲ
λɱӢ۵
Ůͷ룬Ȼ
󵨣ϻ񣡡뻹δش𣬳̱ˡ
ʲôҳ屾˵ϣСŮƢֱӵ棬Ǻ
˻ȥȻӱҪ̳ȥ
ǰ񡣡
ǰֱקסŮıӣһŮССˤ˵ϣϻƯ˺ôĿӡ
㡢㾹ŪñѣҪÿСŮˣҵȡѽ
ûݻֱһӣס͡
ˡǳʧ죬ð˾ϣ𷣡Ů˾㶼ɹһͬ˵
ۿȥٱϹ·˶ǹġ
ðˣֻһѣΪȻʵһǺ⿪ҵĽơ
ͷСϴŲ
гûн̹ǣ涼δ벢СֱӵڱǰˣС㵨ӵͦ󡣡
Ů죬ҪȴԼ˵ˡҪƽƣǱζ޼¡
ŵĵɴ۾
Ȼ˵Ǳ㲻˵ˡһΡ뵭ɨһۣֻһ£´Σȥɡ
˸Ӧ
Ůͷǰ߸ϵŮвޣȴҲûȡˡ
Ҫ˵˲֪Ѿߵ֮λߣ˭Ҳʧȥᡣ
ҪĵӣҪоѵ츳Ҫдͷԡﲻɵӡ
벢δڳãֻһ¹أʱ뿪ˡ
һߣŻůһЩֻ˭ټ֣ǻԼԺר
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ճ˳ǰһϮ֣Ѿεסһػ˻ȥ
顪
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˿Ȼ˵ϣˣɿȻǺ⡣
󵨣Ȼɱϣҳ˭ģ
ûָʹңֻҪΪƺ͹ﱨѣ̺ЦûΪҾͰԼҲҪΪֻع
ȻЦȴ
ôʲôҲû硢ĶˣƾʲôɱԽԽ󣬴̶ʲôʸɱΪǾ𣿡
֮ˣΪ
룬㲻䣬㲻䣡̴Ц˳۽Ƕ㣬Ҳ£͸ˣƺ͹գ
һ۵СɣһɨС̡λƫƧڽԨȻḻƽ˵ɲࡣ
ƳҪ鲢ȱʱ䣬ҲһΡ
ټӦֹһ̣̫ˣҲûǰ;Ը
ǳΨһ̡
żмįӻƽȡ
ҡΣ׵ı֮ʱΪԼȥһϸӰ˹ס
֮ӦӿȪ౨
˶ΪҴ֡߸ϵҲΪӱ
ɫ䣬սˣѺȥ
ôãû˺κˣΪۣݲҲĳ˺ݶ
ԽԽԶֱʧ
ϣ
£ΪС±ĵġɴ߲СЦЦ
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ǡ
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ȥ𸮡
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ܿչصľңȴſԥˣһʱ䲻ҽȥգ뵽վǴŵš
Сûдκζˣڸ˵Ҫ˵
Ҳ˶ãڲŴ֡

ĮȻ䵭
ǣСȥϡͣæתˡѾԼְڽ㲻һССܹġ
ڣȻ۾
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ˡ
ЦЦûΪŭ⣬ˣǱ㲻߶ˡ
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ʶһӣһͩľУͩľϡ쳣ǵһҲ֪ʲôȻҪݳװ
ֻԴҲ뵽װŵֻһƽƽҰѡ
ŲѣܸҵֻѽֻصС
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ЦЦӰܿʧҹĻ֮С˭ҲûһûҹС
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ҹĻʼãЩƯǳȻԽԽԽԽȻǾҡεĵ棬Ǿը졢ɽҡػΡ
޴Ķ磬ȻҲ𸮡Ϊڵһʱ˲Ծ
Ȼ۾վ˾ңֻʵ洦ɼ
ˣҵܵǰ̿־壬ѸȥԨǷҲҪȥ
̧Ľȥ
Ѿȥˣ
ǣ
ȻȥˣûҪȥˡĮȻĵС£Ѳǵľϡ
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̻Ȼ̧ͷ¶һŴŰݵ
л˵
к
дˣһ죬ĺþû˹أŷŵˣһ춼ɣͷ


19 
ڿޣĿǰ,ϵϢˣʲôʲôÿ޵ģ
δд,Ҳʲô
ǳĬԵ,ʱЩĹƧУʱһҲ˵֡
źǧ꣬ɽǰǹλδ˵㳤һλ
ͷŸֶɫƺƽʱͬ,ǴȻɻ
Ĳ֪ζʲô
㻰Ϊβ𣿡ãȻ޴֮ʱһɺѹϮ˫ϥһȻ˵ϡ
δӣΪοޣ
ڰ˵ʱ,δͣһһ,಻ϣ·Ҫһ,õ˷
,δ,ǡ뵽ǰһĻ̱ͷһᣬõᾹٿȻ,Ҳ֪Ϊ˻ǿ־塣
뵽֮ľ,Ӳİ˻ȥ
ʲô
̵ͷø,ķ˼Ӳĵ,ۻص,оžŰʮһ죬ϡ㣡
ˡˡˡ
*
Ӷ𣬱֪Լ񡪡Ϊͳ磬֮ϣ˿ɱ⡣ʱСֻű硣
سֻôһλ
ԣʱΪɽͣҲӲԼκ
ϾѡǿãΪҪѡ
ʱСʵǲ֪ߵغ񣬽ˡ׽Уǽݿɰǰǲ˵İɡ
ʦͷİɣһΪʧʱҾͷΪ̫ϾԻ⣬˶Ľ
һСžµС°ͣʮĶʦ˵
˵꣬ȥʦʦ˵ʦʦǣҲģҼλ֮󣬶ÿ˶ɹٵ
ڴʦ֡
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ֻǡʲôһأ
С벻һ㣬ǾҪѴʦְߣʱʱ̶̿ܿ
ʱɵ棬ֶôĿԴ󰡡ҺЩֻɽ˵ûȥ涪ۣ˳Ц
ʦûѵֻȰͷ˵ΪʦŰТ˳ˡΪʦţһλüõ
ʦʦҲûгЦЦŹ־ɽĵӾӦȺ־
ʦأ
˵ʲô
ʱȥ̫ˣõЩõļ𽥿ʼģ˼һʱʦĺ׳λӦġ
ûʦʦûЦֻȻųȾѩࣺǴӽÿʱʱ䡣֮Уڡ֮λǱҪ˶ǿ
ʦ֣𣿡
ҡ
δ䣬Ѿվ󲽳ǰߡûлͷֻˮ˹
ʱ䵽ˣϡ
л¶֪ʵΪʲôΪҪǿôʦֶôʦʦ㣬ǿĴʦ֣ڣΪʲôҪ˶ǿ
бȴʦǿ
Ϊʲô
С벻⣬ǰͦμᶨıӰȻ鲻Խظȥ
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Ǵʦ֣Ϊ͵ĵӣѧɷҲ򲻹
ǿˣΪǿĿڿꡢͷͺͷ߰СŮƴС˵ʵ̫Զˡ
ҾҲǿ㣬ʦ˵ˣ֮ͬҪѰգգۣԽ˵ԽԼ˵úеҴʦ֣Сʦã԰Ұ
⻰ĴʦֽŲδͣҲδֻûΪҪ㣿
ʦðʦ˵ˡ
ΣˣΪβԼȥ˵䣬ͣ˽Ųͷ䵭ĿһۣȨ֮󣬱ǸֵҲܷĿοͬţ
ԣ뷨ָһ㡣˵ļ飬ȥûһ˿
֮ʣ֡
ǰ
ΪԿޣɽʮһʥΪӡʣĵѪΪ׷ӡ˴ġ
ǵҲǸΨѪɷĻ֮ء
Ϊͽض׵һλ⣬ӦҲǿȵĻ֮صġ
˭Ҳ֪ôģ಻֪
ֻ֪ʱ̣ĴʦִѪˣߡ
Ȼ˻Ƶ˵ǰߣ¡
֪ĴʦӲȣûϵɰСʦãԶ
ֻźĳΪ˾Ϻµŵȴһ޷ʵˡ
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޴ıѣһһ顭ΪƬɢ
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ʱ˵нԳ˾
ޣǸ߸ϡλ񣬻½ķˡħֻһ֡
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ŽɫѵŮһ߽Ԩߵķѵǰ˺Ͼµ£ļһһ޵Ѫۡ
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룬ɵӣ

ȸĳ쳹
׾һΪԭΣԨɱȥҪ忪ǵ磬ҪǸȻ
ء
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תӣǻҪľβȸЦŵɵӣˣȥɡ
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С꣬ǵðĶߣܱ˱ˡ㲻ۡǮҲôܼңİ㡣
룬ҲߡߣҾͰЩȫ͸ˣ
׾»ΪΣѱ˺û˰ķΡ
ɵȸҲõղŲˣһ˰ɡú϶Ϊؼǿ塣
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飡
Ȼִһ죬򴽣ٴЦһΣǲˣҵõ·ġ
δ䣬Ȼת
ܿĵطͷҪʲôӲıȥ漴û˿ԥ˫ֽӡ޷˵ĳС
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鿴ƣƣ鿴磬ơ
ǶһλŮ֮䡪
ϸֻΪ˰ƣں˳ķڽ֮УΪص֮
壬ϵÿһڽƬء
ֱһſصɢҫ۵û֮䡣
Ҳûִ
Ԩ֮ɢȥЩȾĻ֮ҲԱƽϢܽԨҲǽء
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ֻһУġ
Դף˵ϡ
ϣˡ
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ĳĬУҲ˵ֻһϢ쳹ؼ䡣Ҳ֪˶ã־İȻڡ
Ҫڣʱǡ
㣬粻ǰּǰּ
ϵ硣
һǰӰһæ̧ͷǰûλӰ
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յĵط˿̾ͨƮ죬Ũĵط
Ԩ⣬һص񣬲ԴԴϵ˸ɡħһܡ
ĵطһֻȾѪľβ׺ϷһֻȸΧƣ˻̶
ݼ𡣡
΢΢һæ
ҲûĿбӵĳһȥֻǿҪ֮ʱβ׺ǰ
׾ɻΪΣסȥ·뿪ҪߡѾԸˡģκƻ
ϷȸҲ˹ơ

³һ֣һӿӿˡûͣߵǰ
µû˿ѺۣɢŨƬء
Ҳֻһ
أ
֪ʱݱ˺תͷ׾ɣƽʵþϣѵҪηηβɣ
ϣѱˡ
û˿Σ˹һƬħСûҺͰ׾ɿڣ̲סСشˡ
ھУ̶
ˣ
ôôܾˣ
ϵĴڣҲ
ҲˣǡʱȻһǲǰһˣұϵּԲС
ּ־
ȻһǰǼ䱻ӡʲôںȻը
һڻŽУЦֵСػʦ֡
л˵


20 
ֳ־ּ¹,Ͼ˭Ҳ֪Ͼ䣬ֻ֪һֱ¹ײ
һγ¹,ѹˡ
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ȥٴγȴΪ˲µ
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ؿϲõЦݣôƯ,ô鶯,˲Ϥ־İ
ܾúܾûп¶Цˡ
,ƺһϸ졣
Ӧʲôǵ,һ,ϲõСȴеһ˿İĻź
Цʦֵӡ
鲻Խ־סǰ,ΪʲôΪʲôĺȻôܣ
δ¹,һ˲оĪ˿־塣
־壿
ںʲôʲô
ƺһ,δ¹ɱ,ΪҪ£վ۷,вֺο£
ŸǱħµĴڲŶԣ
괦˾ҵʹʲôڷײŵΧıݡ
ҪһҪ
Ȼ˱ۣѹɾʹҪֻ޵ޣҪԺĨӰ˦ǡ
üǵЩġ
ͷϾδ䣬ڳ˱㾪ȿվ֮ǰİںڵķβ֪ʱȻΪѩһİס
ǵɫͷ˿ۣ޷ӡ
ϾּϵĿɨݲ԰ʱҲͣ
˭˲֪ΪѴﵽ۷壬ΪȻഺԴ˿ǰɫķβɻ󲻽⡣
ֻǰڶľ£˸ʡ
һƬĬ䣬׾ɿֱͦűվǰİ𡪡ޱվţƥûκϲŭ֡
ĳһ˲·Ƭ۾ץһǰѣȥûκα仯
ֻǷβɰ˪Σ
ô侲򶨣벻ǰֻСʱر𣬲ֵһᡣ
׾ﶸȻһŨŨĶͷŭ
ƺ͵оϵࡣȻ֮󣬴ÿһ䣬֮ɱΪȡԼĶǾϣֻǵĻᶼûУֺΪӢۣ
β׺һĨ̡
ǸɵˣˣҲܲ˵ˡοˣҲûŵıҪˡ
вҲκ˵в
˻һ˽𾪵̧ͷ׾ɡ
⻰ʲô˼˰Ͳסʵƺ͹оϵࣿ
Ҳ̫˼һЩ
ϾǣһǷͨСһ֮ᳶϹϵ
ǰһΣΪλָģβѪ졢׵Ľͳ쿪˿ڣӢ˪
ԣ΢΢һ
ǻشѾ£Ѽͨʷ֮СǶˣʷҲ
ǰǾʳ޲ѿڡ˱壬ܴشΪô౻Ų˷䣬֮֮£֪ˡ
ܵûκԹͷŭһ㣬˵ѱǵʷʵ
ʥǾԼ࣬Ҳ޷װԭνԨԼѪȱڡ
ɱˮн֧Ųȥˡ
֮ʼһҵ΢΢һЩ仰
Եٴεʱӵƺͳȥԭ򣬿Ҫԭֻһ
ֻʣ࣬໹ǵԼʹ
Ϊ񶾣Ϊ𣿡ɫ̧ɨΧˣɡħ
һһĿȥ
˾ϡ˶ͷǹڵϣǰ
ϴ˽õ
ǿȥôİֶô˸жԼЩ˵Ļ;Ľǵͬ⡭Լϧź
ҵȴû˿ݣֻǱĿһС
Щ˵ֻˣŻõֻˣǲŻΪؼʲôֻˣǲŻȻǵӢۡ
أ
Ѿˡ
ȻõٹһǧꡢһꡭҲܱȵ
֮˵ЩҲΪ˿Щνİݺڣֻ롢ľ뿪·ɾһ㡣
ΨһΪˡ
λֻԸһ˵ĳӡҪòҪȻȥúúõģҲġ
ҵɨΧˣֱǰǵ֪ʱİӰϡ
𣬡Ȼһնصƺ͸ûд
ǰӰûлͷҲûκλӦ·ûĻ
˵֮󣬱ƿߣϾϾּɡ˵գȹڵϣּơ
ˣҲ¹
ΨǵӰδš
һ̣ȥ˶ֳּϾȻݲֹɫϧ۸ӣ˴
Ͼ̾һɫµĴּ
ּԾȸᣬ幫Ϊ״ӡԾΪپᡢΪһԸپΪ񣬼̼λ
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һλپռϷ磬಻嶼һλ˵ǴԸ䲻һв
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ʵ൱˭Ը£
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ҸôãȻ˲˼
ľϱˣҲΡѾƻһУ˵ǲԸŹЩðˣ
ŻѪıôãֻΪ˳ˣֺα˷ֺã
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ϾּپԾУλؾּپܲ
Ӷʦսλ񣡡
Ծϥأݽӹ
ּپλ׼ΪϷɥɡϾΪ磬Ϊ½Ըͬ
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һƺˡ
ͣΧԨħһ뿪粻֪ʱ˰ɫɵơ
Ծ״Ҳɥ
еһжʱʱ̵̿һ㣬ˡЦ硢ߵľ룬ˡ
ټԨ˿ֻ̱ʣ˰׾ɡҡԼǴʼվǰŲֺ
˸׼
֪ʱİȻתվľβȸ
ֻûǻشԼЦһԹԴԼȫΰӢ֮
½ΪɥããһһϹ
ԽԽͣʧ֮ʣ಻ˡ
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һΡ
һģһӣסŽɫŮӵֱۣᶨĶ˵룬߰ɡ
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վɱивˣơ
û֮λûв
ûˡ
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֮䲻Ů֮飬СʦãֽӻСʦá
һı䡣
Ụ
ʦ֣벻ˡ
˭˵˭ڻ
ʦ֣ʦ֣ʦ֡
ڣȻ۾⣬˵˽С
վ֮ǰеٰѶģɽշʵ̫̫࣬ˡ
Ѷһ˲Ȼ뵽ҹɫµǸŮ룬һ档
ü˼ãվǹѰ
Ǿǰһ£Ҳһνӵ˾԰µ
λŵŮʧ
űˣһߴӰ˳ǰ
óȻ̧ͷֻǸ˫ַϣ߾Ϸ֣صСɼ˴ͩľжȻϡ֮СɲרǰĿ
Ϸûдκֻеб˹ȥ
ϡ֮֪˶ãϷŴһĮ漴ǿе̲ס̧ͷϿȥ
֪Ķʲô
ֻ˺ܶ࣬ȴû뵽ͩľΪװŵĲʲôϡıһŲѡ
п˲䣬ǿŲɢһЩϤϢ
ְֻ꣬һ˲㷢ŲɢϢλҰݳƺ͹һģһ
ʱһһư˿ǰƮȻ̧ͷǰޱߵת˲֮˿ѩʺѪһɹ⾡顣
ǴδǱޱʱ֪ΪΣоȻ˾޴Ŀ־塣
񵽵ģ
ȾѪĴ΢΢𣬹һĨǳĻȣЦֻñ
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ǾСɽġ
ǿСĲѣϵЦȻԽԽЦǳһʦ֣ڶʻ졣
룬߰ɡ
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ϧһȥ׺ɣ˲ڣĲڣҲˡ
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Ҳһ꣬һοԼСδ
һװǴͷӤ
Ȼܶһͷ컵˼
Сδʧ٣Զȥ˷ƮҡĲڰöԶ쳹롣
ԶǰԸ
һԸѰʧٵĶŮԸѪ
Ļصĵ£㿪ʼΪ
ûжŮ˽飬ֻ֮꣬Ϊһ׸ŮΪֳһһá
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Զ׶ڽ
¹ӣҡ
塣
пŮ˽ߴĿŶԷ
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˫ȫλȨصĳ֣вŻ硢Ͻá
صѡ񡭡ƽ
֮vs廨
Ķʾ
1ŮǳǳȻǰ޴־ѡƽ
2ֱУŮϽǸ
3˫che
4ѪС̳֮ڲ׷


21 
·һΡ
,Ƿĳʦϵ侲Ĵʦ֡
ʯ츳,ܵС
ʦʥ˳չأΪ,㵣˽̵ڶʦʦõͨɷΪ䳣겻Цȥ࣬ȻϸĳеڴʦֵΡ
ɽ,Ҳ
ʱΪһλ̵ֻĴʦָеԺ䲻ҵЦɱδ˵ֲá
ΨһˣһСС⡣
ǱɽСܴҳ谮Сʦð롣
Ǳλ˾Ĵʦ,ƺ,ֻվϷһеԹߡ
λʦһ۰׵Ļߣһ,һǧꡣδǶС˵,ȴżΪЩˮ,Ϊסꡣ
ֱǶС޳ΣһС
˭
СͷΪκ,ڵĵһ仰֡Ż,ʵ,Ȼ֪˺ܾúܾáǶ,δѧҲ塣
ƯǶκ,һһִŵס½ǡ
Сƺ㲻ᱻ˷֡
Ȼû֣ԼСץ˵½ǣü΢š΢΢½Ǵ۵Сг˳
ɽʦ֮ȥءϴų겻䣬ƱˣԵЩˡ
Сǵûк£Լ֣һקס䡣
קýġ
ǵ˵΢ֻһջԼ䡣
񡣡
üһ䡣
Сͷһ˫۾Ϊúˣ͵Сޡ
΢΢е㷳꣬׼ֱӰ˴ʱָȴһֻСץסˡ
Сץסֵβָ
ֺůӲȻͬ
ʲô˼ûкûпޣƯµСϷһĨõЦȥĪмƺš
ȻҲŵʸ񣬱Ͼؼʢĵһ仨һѾ֮ˡ
򣬷ʥҲߣΣӻأΪ״ӡ
߰ɡ
˻һ˲ƿߣĮĿ˿ڡСﷴӦѴ졣
ۣ
Сﾪĵɴ۾ܿһ죬һأϾûаֺ¡
ıһҲ»ȥǼΪ
վá
֪Ϊ̲סڣ˴Σգ£ɡСδʼѪ֮뷲ɣӸߴ׹£Ҳˡ
㲻ȥԣСתͷüĿ䲻¶棬ԼΡ
һ˵һקβָҡҡЦص㲻ģ
Ͼһǧ磬˲֪ˣȫ˽ˡ
һǧ꣬δܹһˡ
˼ˣСǳϵĸ̾磬ǸˡǸ󱦱ô˶Ҫõһǧ꣬ûгԵ
ԵȻǸˡ
ֱҡ֣ʱŷ˰Լֳ
֣΢΢һ˲ѻһ꣬ɻǵһ˵˵Ǹˡ
ôɽ£մѪ١ˣڶЩ̶
վˡ
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ʦΪȡ룬Ϊŵӡ
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Ϊ⽿СԲ˿࣬ǳϡϣûаַˮԼǿȣһϡ
ֻһ룬ҪҲ¡
֮ԿʼôߵҪ󣬱Ϊģסȴ룬ǽСﾹȫ
ڼ䣬ҡҡ׹ȫǺˮҲûû֡
Ϊõÿһ
ʦʦ۵ĲˣҪϢ޲ֻǰһţǱֻĿСʦóԿࡣ
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ǣҲò
СʦˣӶڻΣȻۼˡʦĸζˣУҪȥ⣬ϲˡ
ʵǿȥˣַ˴ʦ֣תȥ˳ҪСİοܿСʦá
ȥץһֻɽ꼦ϲȡ
ȥһɣСʦѡƯȹ
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һʦʦǱѰ񼱴ҴˣģǺ޲̱һкö͹ðοСʦ˵С顣
ǲ⡣
Ŭӽ룬ʵڲЩΪλ۰ǸСˣ޷ǳѩɰһЩһЩЦƯһЩʲôһ
ݶͣɴ
˲֪ʥѸŮ񡪡󲻿ԡ
˹صҪѹסصø˶ٱŬ򡭡ʥ˵ѹסزĿܡ
ƮϷġ÷ӵһģһĶȫҪӳȥɨС΢΢ۿʱ֪Ϊͣ
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ϿǰЦ֡
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ҲԶǸС
ʱɽЦϣɽҰйǸСӰһжôá
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ǸԴǵ˵ʦǺˡСﳤˣƤɰ鶯ɽСĹ
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ֻƽʱȻֹ
һգƣ޳طƱã᧿Σ˻޵ϣ˴ġ
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ڱһ˲䣬֪ΪȻ뵽֮ʱɨ˫Ϥ۾
ӦƯģһ̣õ۾Ҫ졣ͮͮˮɣﻹаֺÿ
룬Ĵʦ֣û

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*
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ֻּ
ֻСҪּ佻پСϾϴ˽Щ׼άƽ⣬ٱǧƽ
˽άƽ⣬
ԣϾ˶٣ʵָˣֻǻδ䣬ǵӰȻ¹
ˡ
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һۡ
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ͷΪΰˣ׾ɺЦˣΪİСǱСʦãϧǶˡ
Σü˵ǡ
ôĿ׾ɶ˶٣Σ

ûм˵ȥֻӲ¶һĨЦɷ
׾ɺȻüβһ˲䣬Ȼϸܵһ˿ħ
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𲻰κˡ
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׾ɶصĿ뿪ķ
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֪ͬп룬ʵԼδ˶֪ʯȴ֪ʵһħʯ
ʦʥ˺Լ֪ܡ
ɳħһ֮䡣
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ʦõĴʦ֣õˡƶĶԱ˵
Ҫˡ
֪ĴʦжôĻĻ²ɱһֻΣױܶɱ
Ȼᰮֻһʼֻһʢ䱦Ψһãǰࡣ
һֻ֡
ֻϧʱԸʵ
л˵
ĸˡллҵ֧֣µģӣҵѪԼϧЩ¾Ͳ˵ˣ΢


22 
һֻ,ɽʲôԽ̵ǲҲǻˣɽĴʦּ㲻ǸˣҲ˵Ǹˡ
˭Ҳû뵽ͬпһ֡
Լ
ʱ,ɵħĽ֯ɷħ,һֻɱ¾ԡǵĹ
ңͿ̿
մѪֻɱ¾ѳһ˽֮ķӡ
Ϊ֮Ȼ֮ɱĳ,ҵµ磬䡢޿⣬Ȼ
ҪɱҪֽ
˶֪ʦͬţ,а˿Ĵ,²а֮ӡ
,ô˽,Ϊ,˽
վ˶档
Ǵɱаħͷˣִԡû±,
νаʤ,վսʤа
ʱѻΪаħ,Լһ˿Ϥ,Ը׽,һ˿ֵ׽ְ̽ࡣ
̴ֻѣȻ
ԣˡ
֮аħͬھΪɽŻεȴ壬ε˽
治Ϊѡ
һɢؼһ̣Ǻԥѽ̽Ů˫Ż˪е˲⡣
۽£ǿű紵ɢᡣ
ʦ֣£ءѪ⽻Уס˵ǶˣԺ󶼲ˡ
Ļ壬Ҳˡ
Ϊһжˡ
һսϡ
վֻͬĵһĻĻһһ飬ġΪ⣬šȫΪ˷ŭԹޡ
һ˲Ҫͬ顣
ôܳΪûǵĵͼһֻͼĹͬھ
ʱѪӿħײһ𣬻Ϊľʹ
Ǽ侹Ѫħĵ֤ݡ
ȻԼ˴ͬԭһΪȴΪԼ
֪ʱȾһһ˿ħҷӡȴþȫҲѹˡ
Ϊʲôͬ飬ͼѰ𰸡
кȻһ˿Ŀ־塣
˭뵽Ѵﵽ֮վ֮۵һ˿־塣
ڿ־ʲô
֪
ħġǴӺζ
Լƽ֣ԸϣǸݡͷֻС
ΪаħȻȻǿ󣬿Ǻ·ֻɱ¾ıܡ̣ϤһһʽδʤҲ£󲻹໨ЩԸˡ
ԣҪߵصһ
һͬ顣
ֻһΣûпδǿǰһЩ£֪Щ¡
ֻ֪ð޲ȴ֪̰ģġ
磬ʱ̲һġ
ˣİ·䡣
ΪʧȥĻܱѹԽԽ⣬ѹԼҲ޷ֹš
Ϊδǲɸı䡣죬Ҳˡ
ữΪɷħĹҲǡĳǵͼĹҲ
ԣѡ˷䡣ԭ·ɽ٣ΨԼ֪ɡ
·ת٣ϴģҲΪô뷲ɽٵԭ֮һ
Ҫϴȥϵ۹Ҫһʧȥࡣ
ֻҪѰܼ࣬츳һջ̵ֽˣֻΪؼǿ
λɱһֻ
ﬡ
ڣȻһںڵѪѾҪ޲ɵȻ˵ϣһ̶ײ
ֶϳأϵʧ޹⣬ûķɡ
ҲҪ뱾ԣ
˵϶ѵ޳ָĽϣʧȥĶϽȻָ
δ˵ǾӲĻ֮ɫȻֻ
ȾѪָḧ˽ʶŵ˼֣龹Ī˿˵繣ҵˡ
ֻǼºݼţת˲Ѳˡ谵ľУ˵ȻüĿɷ֣˾¡
ˣ޺ñǡ
ˣѰɡ
ָġ
ڵ˲䣬ȻĽȻ̴ģһѪ
䲹֮ǧǧ򣬱ѳǧƬҲָܰˣؼ临֮಻١
⼫䣬±Ŀһַӣղ֮¡һΣһж˳
ضϽںһۼűҪںϡ
Ȼһ졣
ûƽʱöͳ£ǡ֡
㣬ͬᡣ

ֻһܳںϵٴ˵ϣػΪĶΣǱ֮ǰҪˡ
ȴû۾˫ĿǱյøˡ
ƺٴνһΡ
*
ٴɽ
ѳͤͤĴ˴Լˣ֮ϵǳҪҫۡӣ׷ʤһǧǰ׵˱δϹ
Щˣ߻һֻΪ۵ĺꡣ
δ鰮ȻһҲ鰮ô꣬ԹŮȻֻ޳ܵ˼
ѵ壬Χߣ޷Ƕ˷Ƿ֮롣
벻֪ȴдʦ֪ԭ֮ǰס
ΪĶ׾Ȣ롣
Ҳֱһ̣ŶȻʶԭ֪ʱԴصСѾˡ
󵽿̸ۼˡ
δִ磬һʣǰ׾ɹȻпɣ츳һ㣬ϲ֣Ƿӵͬ
ӡϸִУȴˣϢʶ͵֮¡
ҶԶ޺ЦŵңҼСҲųģʲôƢԣҲ˽⡣С˻飬СȻǲ۸ġʱλұۡ
ȻҲ۸ġ
ʥ˳Ƭ̡
δڣվ⣬ȫ̵ѰͲסƿţ˽ȥ
زҲҪ׾ɳɻ顣ޱĵĺˣصˣȻػţ㲻鷳ˡ
ʥЩȵĿ
ʱģʥʵ
ʦ͵ʦ̸ʦ𷣡֮ǰӻҪ˵벢䡣
˵׾䲻룬ŷʥ˵棬˼֣ί˲١
ڳĶǴˣ֮⡣
ؿϿϲŭĬΣȻЦһ᲻ʦüˣ⡣֮£ԹǸĸ֮ý֮ԣɣҲʧڡǰʦ֣ʦڣӦԣ֪ʥ˵˼Σ
ԣʶüͷĿضŷʥˡ
һֹģ
ˣҲٲϺǵ顣ֻ£ԼɡʥЦ⣬һ˹ĻصδΪ˵ӵ𲻱Ҫ鷳
ǰԼԸ⣬޴ģ±ĪҪˡ
˵ʲôʥȴҡͷˣҲˣƲϢɣ
ȻˣǱȸˡ˷ʥһֳۣ˳ҲûоʩȻ뿪ˡ
뿪ʥ˲δϢǿȻƽǹƧʮҲԸ˵֣յ˵˲ٻ
ֻǲʦԧסһ£ŻصңСǸרܵ鰮
Īˣϻ˫֮ʥȴͨ˫֮ٶȶȻ졣
⻰ü΢£ȫǲͬ
˲翿ͨأ˫֮Ȼ°빦Ҳֻһʱ֮С
˵ЩʦĪҪǰ׾ɳɻ飿ʱͿˣ
˻ʡ
ʦʵ治
ƽ˼ʦصɽͽȴƺδʶ⣬ִŵĿʥˣѯһĴ𰸡
ͽˣʥ˲δЦ⣬Ϊʦѵ͵Ϳ
Ӳ˼
Ҫɻǰ룬ֲ㣬αżʥЦԼĴӣʵҲˣ絽˳ɼҵˡ
ɽͽΪʦ֣Ȼн̵չʦʦõΡ˶٣صǵӴصģС¶δӵ࿴
ңʦѵˣӴһ鰮𣿡
ʯͷʯͷ鰮
ԭˡΪʦĴӹȻͽ֮𡣡ʥḧŰ룬ЦİɣΪʦûϺͿҼȻ˵˴ɰԼ㲻֡
ǲģǱСʦðɡʥĿĿһۣȻ˵һ䣬ҵĵӣҲǡҶԣһġ
ģʯС㲻̫ԼݣһգΪʦзӵġ
ûӦ˻ֱ֣Ƴ˷䣬Ȼš
Ϊʦˣ㲻ˣȥɡ
Ӹǡ
վ棬Žյķţ΢΢һת뿪
ûлԼԺӣתȥס
ֻǻδȥԺﴫϤǰ׾ɡ
˵ϲˣ׾еߡ
ٿȻͣס˽ŲٴʶȥϢ
ǰ洫ȻԥĳˣҾϲһ
˭
˭޹ءһֻҪ֪ҵررõ˾ˡ
˵𣿡
ϰϰȥĬƬ̣żᶨĵҿ϶ȥģ
ֻҲ˵Ρ
˭
˵˭
ررáоȻôߵĵλ
ĪЩꡣ
ӦȥһССܵ鰮Ϊزǡɴ˿̣Ȼû˼ԭضһ˲תˡ
ֻһգЩʱ߲֪ʱֻصЩ
Ҿϲһ
ֻҪ֪ҵررõ˾ˡ
ٳأǳȥҲţʲôˣʦʦǶ֪
ˣȻֽǡ
ڴ֮ǰδ̸۴£˲ЩͽӺ竡
Ҳߵİ׾ɡ
Ǳֻʣˡ
Ҳ˵ϲɽˣʦ֡
ʥ߸״ӣΪӣǾž֮гӡӺͽŮӣ˽Ϊӡ
жӲ˳Ϊ˫
츳񻹱ȲҲܳƵǼΪˡ½֪ɽĶʦС
Ȼ뵽ǧʱһ¡
λʦʦĳ裬ʱˣΪ˹ֺһΣһͬɽú˶顣
˵ȥһؾ֮ôصˣΪԼıΪˡ
ڼλʦʦУҲߵġ
ԣǲ
ȻȰ׾ǿҲʺһգ뵱Ҫɻ飬ʺϵѡ
ûʲôõĵġ
š
ֻȻû˼ƽＸûκõĴ齣Ȼ˯⣬֪ʱ˯˹ȥ
Ǻ˯ģ󲿷ֵʱ䶼˯˵ޱҪ
һգ˯ˡ
ȻһΡ
Ȼɱ˲ɱĶʦܡֻƿЦΣȻġ
ĹϵȻ㲻ܣͬʦֵܣУΪʦ֣˺Լʦܡ
񣬲ħǹ
ħͬʯͷȻѡ񣬱زһ·
ֻϧ
һأħ顣ʱħľˡ˺޷԰Σꡣ
ʯͷ鰮ȴʡ
֪ӺʱȻǸСֻһʦ֡
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ħģڷʱ˵˵صĲ壬Ѻ۵ꡣ
òΪϴһŬ㶼һ
Ϊħģ
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ûɱǲǱɽĴʦ֣
һ𣬱ر
δļ䡣
ʶѡӡǷݼ䣬ֻһݲдִǰȥ˿ˡ
ΪʲôҪ
ˡ
ĩãЦ
ԹˣԹԹԹԼ
ʧ֮֮ǧתת˺
취ϧ˽δѰİ˿ꡣ
ƺøɸɾ
治ɸı
İֻ죬ڣȻ۾ɫһƬڡ
š
֣ѹİ֡
칬ϣԾħҪλȥǡڴʱƾȻըеİ׵ưײȫһ˲仯ΪС
ô£
һ̣Ǳߡ
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УǱ㻻һְ취ҲǾȥһطһΨȥĵطڤ硣
ֻǰڤ֮ѹأܽȥ
ڤؿ
Ψһİ취ΪšֻҪ㹻࣬ൽҲеˣڤű㲻ò
Ļ㣿ޣкã
ԸǱɱ˱𡣡
ڣѩ˳Ⱦ񻺻˴ǣɫȫΪīס
ȻֹסɱǱɡ
л˵
˫һ˹һ¾ˡ֮ص֮ǰĸʱ䣬һ㲻ᳬߵ㡣
20ûзһ²ϣлл֧֡



23 
ŵһŨ೤Ļ㡣·ڿеÿһ,Ũȴ̼Զ룬Ŀ
Ϊһ仨,ζϤ
⻨Ļ
ŵһ˲Ժðͷ
,ȻͷӦ˹ѾˣӦɢؼ䣬ỹʶ
ʱ˽Ų漴ʲôݵĴߡδӦ,ſ죬˽ȥ
ǻۡ
ֻƷʲôãǿڶѡһǧ꣬Դöõģ绨,ֻǶۡ
ղڵǻ,ûл͵ǰ
һڱ㲻׼ٳˣȻƺʹ,һ׻ιʱ,һڳ˽ȥ
룺
ó,ˡ
ܳʻۣ˵˭·,ð,ֱ񼫣˵,ɻδ˵,һ׻ι˽
屾ܵȥ
˵˻,ι۵ȻҲ˼Ȼִŵιֱۣһף˲ЦԣȵȣһӦþ͹ˡ
˵ֵƣζѣùΪǲɶõĺö
˵һŮӣöڶΪںСһ㣬Ż˲٣Ψ
һ˵һԴͦء
Ĺˣ
ԴӳΪֻ˵Դ˭˸ͷ϶ĪǲҪˣ
ŮӾͷ
š
ʵ̲ȥˣ̫ˣһſ쾹Ȼֻǻδ˵꣬㱻һ˫ϸסǰ˾ȵĿ
˵ˣȥĺܾϲԲԲղǲ˵ˣûɡ

΢΢ЩֻԼˣҪѵ⣬

üͷͼ⵨СɡΪ棬һ۱㿴ǰŮһɡ
Ϊ΢ֱԺԲƣ칬һ̶ܴǿԼ֣ѵ⡣
Ź
ԲԲ˵˵꣬ˮ΢Ѿ˷ܵĺ˳漴뷴Ӧתˡ
֪ͨˮɽ㣬ԲԲ˵ˣ
һܣһ߼ĺԲԲˣɵˣ
ԲԲ˵ˣ
ɵˣ
ʲôɵԲԲֻǻδλɵˣ
ԶԶԣԲԲɵԣںˣ
˸ʻԺܿŮ˷ܼˣܽΧҿ
̶һˣͷҲġ
Ƿס֣
˼ƿЩŮӣѵ⣬棬ڱ϶ֶţ㲻ˣ
ֻϧ⻰˵Ķ϶ģۿۡȻʶԼԾˣⲻǻþҲΡ
ʶˡ
Ӧ˵һµ塣ֻ廹δںϣɵĿԼ塣
Щȷʵһ˲ܿ죬ǱЦ˵һ¡
˵ԲԲɰ
ǰȻԳƱƽЩãԲԲ
Ҳͦм־ϵơ

*
һʱڳ׸Լ״
µõһɣǰΣȻ仯ΪΣȴ겻ȣȥһɵ֮ˡ
ĵᣬϤչáձֵˮ΢չԷˮ΢ιԻۡ
뷲˲ͬѱٹȣóԶˮ΢ιۣҪĻ۹塣
ˣõάΡ
ղѾˣʻȱδκβ㡣֮꣬ںϺָܻܿȫʢʱڡ
㵹һ¡
ʱûиԼΪû͸ٻһΣû˲ˡ
ȻҲˡ
ԲԲ𣿡ű򿪣ˮ΢˽Ųٳʳɢ֮ϲ鼦ȣץ㲹ӵġˣ㶨Ȼϲ
˵ˣҪٻԲԲһԲԲ֣Ǳ̲ס΢΢˳飬ʵܲôûе֣Ҫ
Ǿϴ֣ǸĲ˵ġˮ΢Ϊĵ
Щ˵ԲԲǾġҲ˵ԼԼȡһôĵ֡
֮ǰԲԲȻնҲǲ޼䡣չĻҲϲ˵ǸɷǽʷǽһЩӷĻӡ
Ŀǰ״Ҳ֪һЩ
ѹȥһǧꡣ֮ǰĲãȷʵǿάǧƽ
ǰپԾˣָΪ岻ϣ˵ݺ峹˺˶ҡ
ս˰ֱ꣬廻ѡ˳ⳡսսƲƽϢ
İǰʤ£壬յ֮λ
ֻʤߣȻࡣħλԲ˳ΪɣûͳΣѡԡΡ
֮壬½磬Ǳٲ¡ǰµҲĲ
ˣͳελȹ̡
һл֮С
δܳõĺƽȥǷ֮ʱҲⲻѪɺӣο֮λ
ҺϾñط֣˳ƶѡ
ѡԾ¡Ϊӣֱλ뵽˽ա
λߣζŷոߡҪϵȨȱҪʧܵĴۡʤ߿ɳΪ𣬰ߣȻпʧȥ
Ծ֮κθо
ΪӣҲǿʦͽ֮ˣֻҪͷѡ
ӶˣҲʲôѹȻˣ˷ǵѹ͵͵ˡ
Ȼȥһǧ꣬ٴҲһˡʱȥųֵĴѾԽԽˡ
֮飬ںƲ
ΪΪľܣ¾ͷʢȥľʲô
嶼̳񻹻ĹݼѾ޼֮һ
뱾ΪؼһʢĻΪ档ÿµĻɻΣῪ̳뻨Ϊ
Ѿ˵ʵǻһ̳ǰȻ»εС̳ǰǩ
ԲԲֱɴ˶
ԲԲԼˮ΢ѼȵݵǰüͷЦŰοʵԲԲͦģͦ䡣Բ󣬶ɰ
ԣüšøˡ
ղѾڵģˣǡª޶ͷ㿴Լһ˫֣뵽֮ǰӾпԲ
ҶҪġ
ҪҪʣʹûô
УǵȻȥ˵ͳɹأǡýձǾϵļգῪ̳Ǽݣ㵽ʱ͸һȥɡˮ΢ڰοȰѼȳˣ˿ɾͲˡ
뿴һǰɢŨŨļȣıܣ⼦ȣʿˮ뷨
Ȼסˡ
ôʲôûгԹܱһֻͨͨ鼦ջ
ˣ԰ɡᶨİѼ˻ȥĵԺҲҪЩˡҲϲ
ǰϲ𣿡ˮ΢ȵĵ
ǰӽտʼҪζˡˮ΢ĵĿ⣬˶ٵлл㣬ԺӱġʲôԸԸңҶʵ֡
ЩɣҲỹǵ顣
ˮ΢һԲһ˵ûסһЦ˳
Цʲô۾
ûûУҾǸжԲԲ涮£Ҳˮ΢ǿء벻ˮ΢æֹסЦҲһ˵
ȫһСӵģ
룺
ʵҲˮ΢ϾǶ¶֪ԲԲӡԲԲһָǣɰϰߵײһʱܸıġ
ңҲʵڵģ̫ˡ
˵ĳúܳʵϸüã֮ǰмƣ峹ںϣָܻӡ
ֻǴ˿̣ԲԲС۾Ƶģƽ˼
㲻ԣҳԡ
ˡ
ˮ΢δ˵꣬ȻһЦȻ¼ȣȹԹţȥһˡ
˵գתҪȥ
ʲôˣվסˮ΢䣬Ϊһٴеģ
Ҫųȥˮ΢ȴֹӦǴ̫ˣúţ֪𣿡
ָ̫Ҳĳλ֮ĵλҲˮǴߣĴ̫ӡ
һЩԭδ󣬵ĸǴΪҡ
Լ˵ӣ츳ڣӣԺŰ衣
ˣѵɣü
ԣˮ΢һĨʧɥɻ۾뵽ѻָǣղ˵ԲԲԺҲ׵ġ
һ룬ǿڽһ
ԾߺҲսϡ伫ܿԱܲս˲أҲ˵ûлָʱͬ壬˱ûŴҲᱻ˿۸
󣬻Ĵ㲻ˡ
ľ󶼲óƫƫŮòȴǿòûл֮ࡣ
ûǿ໤ЩǱػûѻʳ
Ϊ˱壬ΪӣֻǿΪҪ񡣡Щ˶һֻϧʧˡǿͻƣʱδֻ˰񡣡
ԲԲļ֪ڵĻ˭һӵСɣʵ޳ɲѣҪ񣬱̫ˡ
ǿнܳΪ񣬶䣬ǼõĽˡ
ͬ壬̫ҲþΪЦˮ΢ۿ죬ս˫ȭһգ֮һģ
ֻǳ̸ףǱŬҲһһϦܴĿġ
̫Ϊ£ޱʵ
Ƹġ£ˮ΢ŭ裬컨ɫҪ
ҪȢ
ҪɻΪһ֮֮һɵĲңǴ̫ӣڻ˵ܴ裡
ǻӦⳡƵĻ£˺ǱػΪЦҲ޻֮ء
һɫٿȻ
̫Ŀˣѵ˹ش£
ƴħ뻨޶顭˭ܹܣ˭ָҹܣˮ΢һ˿ͻδϣʱЩ˲˿
Ҳһܹܡ𸮵𡣡˵⣬ˮ΢˶ٵ
ԣָ΢̧
˭˲֪Ӽ˵ȫ֮һֻ븴ˣʱС£ˮ΢Щĵʱ䣬Ҳû˼
ֻװһˡ
л˵
벻Ƕ˵һ£ᡣʱո״̬Ӹ
:ǿҪ֣ҪԲ


24 
䰮ԲԲ½ʷ,ǿԲԲֻǸСӣԴҶ־һͬıܿЩ֮¡
,벢֪Щʲô
ԲԲָ,ˮ΢룬ҲûټɻЩԱ㽲
ûЩ¡һǧǰ½һֻ,ġΪ۳衭ˮ΢Щ£ΪֻС֮ͬ飬ϷĿϱ,СҲû˸ϣ
˵,һգ˿ѩһǧ,һֱѰҸ֮,˵һѪ,ġ
ϧΪҲҪİ֮ˡ,Ѵ硣˼ȫԼļ,ﻹ£
ˮ΢𲻰ﻨԹ,ֻǼݾ,Ӧ˵ûһɲĽϡ
,ǻ棬ӢۣǿǻһΪ֮ܶĿꡣ
ԲҲ۸кܲá
˵ˣȹȥ
ҲҪȥ
ˮ΢ܾѾץס֡ǲ֪ȥ·Լȥˡ
·ɡ뵭Բһ˲侹ĪһҪϡ
ˮ΢һʱΪԼۻˡ
ʱˣһֱճû룬˼Ƭ̣״һȥˡ
һˣŸң֪𣿡ĵţ̫ӺǼֶЩѬ֮ԲԲôɰЩ˼ˣһ͵߿죿һҪڽߣ𣿡
Ϊ벻֪صܣˮ΢˵ĿһЩ
룺ˣڿ𣿡Щʵ̫ˣѹΪ˲ãʱ䶼˵˰ɣ
εͷʱ˽͵뷨
һ룬һ߲ԼӦԼʲôʱˡ
*
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̫һڻ߽˻˻ĵǰ档Ȼڣֱӵˣѱ̫軨Ƹ̧
ǡ
Ǹʲôͣ£ǻ壬칬Ƿĵط
Щ׻˻ǵǿӲذƸ˵С谮ĶӣߵĻȻٮٮ֮
սǻܶԸģ
ס֣
ۿЩ׻Ҫ˵˻ɣٲͣµ°һΣЩĻ
ǰЩȻĶ֡ĵɫûзɣȷŸˡ
̫ʲô˼񣬡ھϵǰģޣר̷ҡ̫Ļ𣿡
ЩƸ񣬻ȥɡ
ȻЦ⣬˿ûаĵĻϣĿǷ´ЦΣҪ̷ľˣʲôã
һˣϻ̷ʵ̣ˣ
Ҳ̲סŭƯȾ˪ڶԾϲðϣõ
ϣмس˳ǣΪĵһȥľϣʲôΪŵ̫ӣ쿪££
֣𾴣ζϷʣɱ𾴾ƲԳԷƣ̫ӵޡһ仨ѣмɫ̫ӻء
Ҫ޸̫ӵŮӲ֪ǣĪҪ֮λЦһһǰ;СС񣬱̫һ֮λǿˡ
ԼĿӣΧŭĿӵĻתһȦĿ
㵱滹ΪҾϻ𣿺ǡϳŪ֮ڡ̫ӱһͬ˱ǡ

δ䣬Ѿ˹ȥµģ
̡ʽ΢ƴһ֮òǻ塣
ϣȻĵĵߡ
뵽λ绪ľϡΪӢۣõõ˵𾴣ǱһФ룡
κ¾ϣƴҲЭֻǲһǧֻ꣬һǧ꣬ϲϧĲ͡ĹĶ
ӣһӣ
ĵ̲סӿһŨŨıݡ
ƴ˰ɣ
ԣƴˣ
ҲùӲд蹶
Ǿͬ壬ǻȥҪܴ裬ǲһȥ˰ɣҲø϶
ĳֺߵĻҲųȥ
ĺͻǵĹû˿ţȻΪȲģϻڶ࣬ȻһܵеġǸǻһ
񡭡ǣֱóһܵһ

δ䣬ȻٿȻ˼ʺ졣ֻ¡һ̼仯Ϊ˷档
ϵ̳
ˡ
ֵȻ˵ϣѳ飬Ⱦ˻ҳ
ˮ΢߽һƲп䵽Ľ£ӡһҳģ˵֡
롣
ϵƻˡ
һգԱߵˮ΢ѾúۣսȦСҪԹԸģãԼס
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ʱѹȥһǧ꣬˵ȴ۾һһյ˲䣬˼в߽ͣԨʱ
ȥ,ȥûʲô仯ֻü˼֣Լͷ۵İ׷ǰжΪһհ׷
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Ϊ裬״̬̫ãȻȥᡣ


26 
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ҪӸҪһ£Թ٣ҼӸǾͷϵ׷ǸҲЦ


29 
ҪͽϢܿ㴫˸,ȻҲյϢϢʱһЩ⡣
ʦҪյˣϢǼ٣
̲סȷһΡ
ҵͷ𸮵֪ͨ,˵ձ𸮾ٰѡͽᡣ
ᵽ£ҲЩ,δ̫һЩ
ôˣûһӣôȻ͸ע⣿Ҳ֣ӻż
ĵλҪʲôûУֻһֱԴûʲôȤǸʱ,ҲʹΪβһӣ
̼ǵʱķӦ
ûôʱ̵ӡʱüĽšԿóͽһЩܡ
ֲɵ,ʱ˼
صĴʦ,вʦʦã඼̵չ˹һӡ,ϸ˵,ȷʥ˻ϵʱˡ
˵ʦ,ʵϣʱǸʦͽ
Ȼ뵱ʱҲֻһ,ͽʱС,˼δ,ɶűܵռС
Ǵʦͽ,Ȼһֹע˵󲿷ַͽϵġ
ʱ,ﻹǵСʦأ
ʱֻܵҪռŴʦ֣˵û֣ʵ˼ˡ
ǸСһԼϲĶˣҪرڻ˭Ҳ
οӱͰԵҪȫռء
õС˼Ҳ֪ʦûп˺꣬δͽһ¡
Դ˿̺ȻҪյӣ΢΢һ˲ڣȥѲµСˡ
ոҲãһԴʦֵȻĵӣһصĴҲõˡ
ֻ˼ϢȻЦˡ
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ţϵЦˡ
Ҳ֪ʦִ˴Ҫռӣ˼ţ΢΢Щ棬ģʦҪյˣ١
Ͼȥ֪ͨˣƣҪһ
һֱû˵ʱԣȻʣҪȥ𣿡
ȥֲʦֱӰ֣ĵ²ҪҲģ㲻ȥˡ
˵ͽһ£뵹Լյͽܡ
ԾͽܻϣݶͦͦãҲòġ
ˣԶ칬ʱȴˣ뵹ܼ
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ᣬصʡģǴԼĶ̿࣬ˡ
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ңԼҲд⡣
ܿܣǶû뵽һճұǰǿٲǰܸҡ
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ҲûᣬЩ¼ȻȥˣǱȥɡǿĵ£ǵǿԶἸΡ
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ˣҾʡͲʲôҪˣҲʦͽʲôüģҲ̫ͷһ£ֱ֣Ӵ˱ǡ
һֻȼ棬ֻǻõĵӣαȵ㣿ɲ
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Щ˾ĳģҲԼʲôݣƽƽʣҲ뱻Уǳ룡
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ӸûŶǲ۲һЩ١ɣɶʱˣɶʱӸҹҲӣ


30 
ս͵˼,˶̲סס˺
Ǻ⣿вܿƵһɿ־壬ôһ˲ҪȴǱסһ,á
˳ǣҪЦԼĿ־,ȴЦҲЦӲˡ
Ҳ˼
ҩһ£ѾΪλҪ£ΪѾȥˡ
Ͼշƽ˾û,ѵζ˽𣿺αػҪС²ţ
ֻδ˵꣬ϷȻһЦ
һֻ̣ʹǱס˲ӡʱ
ɫǵ죬ͫ׽,ֵؿǰˡ
,ѡҪԶˡѩ׵ķ˿˳ŷƮƮſ,ԵЩᡣǳЦ,Ȼڳжֻÿ־塣
š
ƴȴõʹ,ǵĻȸһЩЦ
ΪҪ,Ҫôԭʼİ취Ȼô,жȻıһ̵õͷš
Ͳʲô߷֮,ºǰ˼ɣ
Ҫôɱ,ôɱ,ǸãҲûˡǿߣֹɡ
ķһۼЦˡ
Цģһͷѵ΢΢ľǱ˿
ö
ǱηҪģҲʵڿġ
𡭡ңľʹҲ̲סˡ
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ô
죬ɴ۾Ŀ־Ҳάֲ̫ӵ棬ǱЦ
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ݼ졭
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ǵݡ
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ݵĽŲ΢ɲĶ˶٣ֻ˿ܿʧˣע⵽
ȡҡ
۾ʱˣѱˮˮȾϸϣǱҵģȻΪĳ˹֣º͵ʵСӣð𣬱
ûпȻסĲӡݵͷѵȻûʧٴθֳʹ֮ɫ
ƽףԼ۰Ķӱ˶Դ;ʧԹŭ֯ˡ
ݵǳסάͷ緶ֻ΢Ƭ̣̣ӹǱ̲ܽϣ˴СķϣһΡ
ڿһۡ
ī΢΢̧ĵĿǸûа
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ͬŭ⣬Ҳ¶̬ǫһ㡣
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ðϣ򻵾ƣôûлشݵ⣬ǷʵΪȱ档
ԣ򶨵ı΢΢˱䡣
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Ҫ˽Ҳܷ˵
ڱԼ
Ҫ֮λǱסӡƲɼãֻѡһ
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֪ʱѾջԼ֣»˺ɡûһȵϲã䣬ضԼĸס
˶ĸӣûȺеĶ̫
Ƕڵ
ȻάֲٵºˣɫѾ֪
δ𣿡ڣѸʱ䣬ӣ²֡
ˡĳĬڿˣܿĿ⣬Ȳ֪Ǳʧ죬лѡðϣǴ

𾪵ĵɴ۾ĶӰң
ӣ죡
һӣס죬ӷͬǱӣӦý档֪ʷӦط
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ûشһŮȻ˹
˭ܴҶ
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ȥ

ҲߣҪߣҶҲҪһ𡣡ݵĿһ˲뵽ԼĶӣӲסˡ
ǧޣһҲңվŽ壬ݲ˼ɡ
̫
Ŀһ־Ȼûģ򵥵羪ϡ
ı졣
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һѾ˵ǳ衣ԼԼҪסȻ¶һ˿
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ĿԼĸףҡͷǳȥԺλҲҲˣ
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ݱ˱ۣʱûһ˿ֳȥӵǺ

˺ѷεʹ˽ƣĲҽ͸硣Ѻ޹ĽɫʱҰס

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ĳȥ˷䣿ĺõƷžƣȥϢ̡
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һƿţ˽ȥ̩ȻģǶЩĿ࿴֪㵭ˣ֮١
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31 
뵽ʶ,Ǻ䵭࣬϶м˽⡣
Դ˿̣ʶƺôá
,׼ȷ˵ƺ
Ϊʲô
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ûа˿ţЩڴڿϷһ㡣
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λŮô֯ƹļƷ£ϴӲʵѲϡ
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32 
ʱ,Լɽ׼ȷ˵Ӧǰɽȥ,ïдУһƬȻ֮
,ԼϤ˫֡
Բ󣬶ϸۻУһ˫Ϊµ֡
ûһ澵ӣȻ㿴ֵһžǵ,üĿдżͽݡ
һǧʱģ
⼸Լľôһ˲䣬һ˲ΪԼ˵Ļصǰ
վֻһ˲䡣
Ƭ,ڲı仯,㷴Ӧ˹ǰһжǼٵġ
,ﲻ,һҲ䡣
뵽ǰ,ʱ׹˻þ֮С˼ˣһĨɱ⡣
Ϣǰ,˳Ǳ,޵Ϣ,еȻֲ
,ҪҲס
һб˳
¹ѵ,°ȻȻһ̣Ȼһ׹
Ȼأַʲô
Ƕ˲㣬ʾ֭˼һȻûʲô飬ŻᵼϽ˻þ֮С
ҪĲѰԭ򣬶ǾҵþĳڡϾ룬Ҳ֪йء
˵˻þУأ
²֪ݣٽϽþ֮ǰþȻΪ׼ġ
ԣΪ
յĹˣ
˼ʱȻһϤ΢΢һתȥȻ㿴һϤˡ
ǰ
ȻһϮ£ɲûкǰأŻİ壬ԽΪף֣һֵ͵Ļ
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СԴסУһԸŹ
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񳤴˵ٿȻԼЩΪЩɣ߳ܵͬʱҲԼЩġ
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Ŀںڵĳͣһ˲
ʦ֣
뵽Լڵģ̽Ļһ
һˣû˻겻ɹΣǽҲϢˡ

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Ϣƿߣֻаʱ˵գת뿪ˣֻһ˴ԭء
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ķӦƺ֪ԼڻþУ·ֻǰɽĴʦ֡
ǺܺΪӦ÷ֲЩԾ
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Щʳ
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ʦɵüסĻŶ´μǵö໻óԵġĵԴ֣ĵҿɼء
Уʦּˡ
㷢ġŮôߡ
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ŮΣĳݣһԵ쾡¡۴Ӻδ֮䶼䵽˼㡣
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ʯͷᵽģҹԴ֮·ѿ֮ǰ鱻ܶ౦²ת̫죬Ȿд볢ѭ򽥽ʽhzc
ӸϹ֮ǰ֣ȵһ¡Ҫһۻһ


33 
ֻգ۵Ĺ,㷢ԼȻֻһط
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룬Ⱦˡ
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̧ۿȥ΢۾
Ҳʱ,ŷƺƲԼˣϸ˵Լ
˿ԼʶһԹߡ
ϤĲ,ԼǹҲ̵Ļ,Ҳ̷Ӧƺһǧٳʱ
죬,׵ӡ
,ΪҲ֤ʵĲ²⡣
˵ϵ,һԣԵĿĲ
ûо,ҲܲµԼڵģжôɵ
һǧ벻֪,֪Ҳ,,ֻĴʦ,û˻ЦҲû˸Ц
ʦ֣ϲ㡣
ܵԼǻǿֱ࣬ҪƵģһһ£ÿһ¶жô
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дĺܲ⣬һֱɾɾأǸǣ̫ˡȡߺѼӸ֡


34 
˵һ˿ײĵͳɳ,һŹ̵¶ȡǸѣǹƺҲܰˡ
֮ûһ롣
ſ,ӽؿڣץ첲,ǴδйܣҲһּΣյľ롣
ǹϵʱҲδʱһЩŮʮʱ֪Ӻʱ,֮㱣žˡ
˵ϵƣÿҪǻзܣӦǼΪʵġ
Ҳ֪ʲôԭ,ֳֻһ,Ȼ˺ˡ
˺ѵĵطе߼¶˴Ƭѩס
վ
û,ͣһ,˵һΡ
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ƨþҪʲô
Ǵ˿˵˻붼̲סҪ໰ˡ
һ̣ܵԼļץס

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˵ʱ飬Ҽһֱûе㵣ģԱֱӹˡû¶˿ЦôͻȻԡˣ
·𲻾һ䡣
һۣĿƺ糺ĴͣƬ̣䵭Ļصλ࣬㵹в˼֮¡

Ȼ˼ҪƽκηӦֻᰲؿ
˿̣ǰȴسˡ
˿˷ǳϸ΢ҲʱֹסˣһֱȫעȻ̲һ˿
ʦ֣ҵ׽Щط̫ף㡣һ·ûвԣȻ
һһһۼֻ֮ʱȻ̧Խߡ
̫ʲôһҡֱ˷䣬ûлͷ룬ƽîʱá
δ䣬Ѿ׽˷䡣
̤ţһ˦űԶˣһЩص졣
ŽյķţǺȻ΢΢̡
ӣֻҪʣʱǵ𣬴Ӳա
ⲻ·
þе˶ûʲô仯ΨͬҺ֣еĴʦ̫಻һĵط
ܿȷʵ
ԣΪλַ˼ı仯
ƾĹؼϡ
ȻҵͻƿڣҲûôżˡٴһ۹ؽķţʦ֣ȻȥˣúϢ
˵գת뿪
ֻûпת˲䣬յķźؿһײϸ졣
ϸֻά˲䣬ȻȻһˡ
ʦ֣
죬ͷȥȻǽյķš룬ָ߸߻һ
¡
ΣŴϤ߰ɡĮ
Ŷˡ
벻ݾߣҲûǿ뿪ˡһΣûзκ졣
*
սԼ֡
Ĳ֪ʱһ㺹ճ̣ķꡣſ֣ſյģƺдǹϸĴС
ĦԼָĴиӷ
ǰײ˲ͳʳ˺гܵӣûͣãܿת뿪ˡ
Ӧֱӳȥò뿪ġ
Ͼ⻹ʱ䣬Ȼδ¿ΣоԵȨңӳ˲ٳԵĹ
֪Ϊʲôǰ͵ģȻЩķ
ԼԺ䣬˷䣬Ͽʼ
Ȼû붨˯ˡ
һΡ
Ρ
ε˲ǰסĳֻεһ룬ȴʵͬˡ
ƺŵǹϤ㣬ƺǾ塭
ϢȻӦ˹ʶԼղʲôָĦĶȻֹ˫ȭȻս
ɫٿȻס
һϸ΢ˮ˵ϣһ΢ϸ졣
ǷˣȻԡ
ɴ˿̣ϸڰķԵ䰲
ΪȻ
ͷԼʪķβˮǴµġһЦ飬Ȼʱ˻š
ʵһֱڷ
û붨һΡ󣬾Ȼαѡǹеʱ˹
ˣеȴԽԽҡ
ȻЩȡ
˵ʵǲܵķӦΪ֣ôȣ
ʵǣȡ
ȵķңȵҪñˮͻ⡣
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲôʱһ˲Ҫܿ
һɨӳĳʳӡʳ˲˷䣬鼦ȡ
㣬Ҳ㲻ʳļȡ
һʳȻһӣеĶ˲仯Ϊ˷ɻңû˿С
ĳĬȻվĿĳš
ʱɫѺˣԺӵֻͯȻһӰɿԼ۾ֻΪԼۻˣôʱʦأ
ɽĵӶ֪ʦֵϢΪɣ֪ʱ򣬴ʦ붨ˡ
ԣۻ˰ɡͯҡҡͷǻķ򣬴ʦָȥˡ
ҹɫˮǵӰת˲˳ǰ
ʱҶȥϢˣڰһƬûκڡ
ǰӰԭͣһ˽ȥ
˸ָʳģɷӳ֣ԳʳĿάֺܾõʶȡ
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ףշ鼦أôˣһ磬﷿˺ȻɻؽеϣƺҲһЩ˭𣿡
ûа
ҲûУͻȥˡ
ûС
ҷ׷ҡͷԼ֪
Ǿ˹ˣҶûãôˣ鼦˵ԼˣЩأûгȡ
Ǵ˰ɣҳҲûٰ
ǰûʲôɡ
Ҷô˵ŪȾòԾҲ̲סʼԼĪļǴˣ
ֻһС﷿ҲûʲôҪԴҺܿһߣʼæµ
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Ϊ׼ԵٴθܵǹɽʱﻹƽһΣ˽á
뿴ɫîʱ涨ʱ䡣ɫδֻ΢ĳð˳
ó𣿡
ߴϤתͷվԱߵ
Ļ£һƮıǼ䡣
óԣ
Լ˵ĵҧһϵĶ
붨һŷԼоһֻĽġ鼦ȣ
л˵
Ӧöۣʯͷһ˻黨Ȼ뻹ʯͷĻΣԷչ밢䲻һ˼ҹΣʲôأ


35 
š
ɫһ,һһžµľǰϷһ鼦ȡ
𣿡
ƫͷ
ֲһ,жʮֻôܲ,ҪĲǡ
鼦Ȳ㣬汻ĽƣƤִ࣬ҲǼ,ôǼƷȡ
ȥͺܺóԡ
ȻʱġԼȵ޲ðĶ³
鼦ȿȥɫζȫʵϣζȫ෴ҧһڣͱǿɬζסˡ
ֲϣˮȫʧ,Ҫǻһɽζ˿̱,Ǿմֶģ
ǣ,˷ܵİһ,صʦ,ЩȫǸҵ𣿡
Ȼͷ
ͷ۾ĿǰˣĵĽеʦ,ãõĴʦ֣ϲˣ
һ˵,һ˵,סĸ첲˷ܵĻȥ,˭ó˿ôϲá
ʳ޲,֡ޱĿűԼ첲Ůȥ
ɫ·һҲûбŮ︯ʴ
Ҳ
̴ҡͷǵûзſ˵ĸ첲øԵĵҾҪ㣬㲻ܾҴʦ֣Ҿ밤㣬㲻ң
֡
ˣһҾͲšһ첻µزµģ۰ϲ˲䡣
ǰ£ɫࡣ
롯տ˼ȣ϶ͣôһһ䣬Ǵ׵ʱȾͺۣͻأ
㲻ҲˡգգۣЦʦãϲĴʦ֣Ҫһࡣ
룺
ⲻûôҲôɵ¡һ̣סˣȻҲȥˣ
⵽Ǹʲôþô֣
ʱȻݣɾûأҲˡɾϾ˭˲֪עǱô£
ѾЩֱˡ
ƫƫ벻ҲСһѾĿ
üšƽʱҪģ
Ȼһ̣㿪ˡ
Ůܲף룬֡˵ġ
Ѿ侲
ķӦȷеĲ²⣬ˡǻȴɡŮܲ
ڵѾһǧˣĴʦֻһֱСôɣ

ٲţЩ鼦Ⱦͱˡ˵꣬
һ⻰롯̼ˣæУ˵ЩǸҵģԷڣ
δ䣬ڷſȲֱַץһֻȴڿ
ⲻ
ǳ侲룬ûô̰ԣǶͶ̥
ʦ֣鼦óԣԵ÷ǳ㣬һ߳ԣһߴ޵ۣ֭ˮ棬ҳԹóԵ鼦ˡ
ӳԹѳԵġ
侲ķ
Ǵģ鼦ȵ˳ʵ̫ˣûһеֻȻµģ˭óǳϲ˭İʳԺԡ
֮˲̰ڸ֮⣬룬ɣǷˡֻһΣ²Ϊ
ûи˭ѵ䡣
֪ˡһ̾˿Ҿ˵˵ѣʦô
뵽һξû´ˣʣµ鼦ȣʦ֣ҿһ𣿡
˵ţͰ͵ͷԼҴʦ֣룬Сشյߣʦ֣ʹӦ
βϵЩ
úܽϣ˿Ϥļ˵ŵһס֡
ֻһΣǱĸ첲ץסҡΣ˵ʦ֡
Ѿ޲һ֮ˡ
ѾþȻҪúýѵþˡ죬
룬Խˡ
䣬ǰһΣعʱǰĻֱˡصԼԺӣҲ˷ŵǹɽ
һƳشӴӡ
îʱѵˡ
һΣȷˡ
ղŽ˻ΡҲ˵Ͻ˵ξģȥȻܵơ
ҲˣŻᱻС
㣬ѵǽΣֻǡΪλֵΣӽþʱЩԾ
뵽£ĪʲôֽţԲŵ仯
Щ࣬ʱ޷ȫ⿪
˿ɫûټ˼ȥʰһ£ųȥúܴһ·ϣ˲ˣʱîʱѹһӡ
δ
һûѶĳٵˡ
ǳĲϳ
һΣûȥ˽õȴղžһУоѾݾˡ
ȻˣʱԾƶ
룬ҲˣʱϤǴʦģ
ʦ֡
ͷˣʱһصԣʦҽîʱãҪҵĽ
îʱѹ˶٣ŵգǲˡ
ΪΣʡ
һۣȴûлش⣬ֻĿЩǡĬƬ̣ЦŵҪĽʦȰ㿴Ҵʦִ̡
츳ߣҪȻҲߡ츳ҲãҪߡ
ƽʱϣδйи
Ҳʧ
˽ʵһ򣬲İ֮һ
ԣ뿴˿ȴĿ΢΢Щһ٣ȴûмʣǴǾллʦˡ
⻰Цʲôʱˣˣʼɡ
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Ӵɫ΢΢Щ뵽ղǸΣ򴽣Ŀⲻؿ˷һźںĶ
ҹӳߵ鼦ֻϧһҹѾһŽ̿һɵĽζ
ŵζɫѿһЩ
ڼţȴһֻ鼦δ㶨

ѾֹһˣΪλΣ
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ʱȻͯӵ˼
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ʱպһ׽ʵܾû轣ˣȻԺУû
벻뱻˼Ρ
ͷ˱ѩ׵Ⱦ˵죬ԵԽ֬¶͸
ˣѾˡ˽ȥóҪ
ñȽϾã϶Ǻˡ
꿡ŮվһȻ
ȴۡ
ڸʲô
ֻǲ߽δ룬㱻һסˡ
һתͷȥ
ʦ֣ôˣЩȣ㲻Ӧȥ𣿡
ǽãΪβź⣬ŲĿȾ˱˪˽档
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΢΢Щ⧲֮£˺ü
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൱Զʱйɽ֮⡣
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δ֣˵ģºȻ˿羪׺Ȼ졣
л˵
ˣӸҪˣءþҪڵ㣬ҪתۣԴҾҪ⼸¡



36 
仰һ,ҲȵĿʵδ޳ֵ̫ͻأˡ
Ҳʶͻδͻƿ,ָܿ򶨡
ʦδˣЦʣô֪
һ˵,һ߿Цʵʦ֣ôҪ㾹ȻҲûиǣĪ㵣۸Խݲؽɣ
ûδޡ
üɫ䡣
ʦֲ,ϾδѾˡЦⲻЦӦʦ˵ǸΪƯˡˣû,ұ㶼֪ˡ
,˵ˣŮ,쾭֮,ֺαڣ
û˵,ֻؿŲ
ʦػδȥʦɣǱĪҪˡ֣һЦ,,ʦ,ĪҪδɩɩˡ
ɩɩ,˵ζ
Ų,ͷһͷӦһá
ʦ֣ȥɩɩɣĪҪõˡ̧ͷԳĬЦŵжʦֿţģҾ͵ġв
ұǡһۣ룬
Լ֣˲վһĿת䣬ǧ
ʦ֡
Ȼһͷؿߵꡣ
Ϊǰ鷢˻һ䣬ڡ鲻ԽԽĿԣӶЦ
ΪĬ
ĬĿһĻ
ʦ֣ԭʱͯ𣬡ʥѰȥ塣
ĳִ˽ա
ٿȻתһ󲽳ȥܿ죬һûټ
뿪ͯһ£Ҳæȥܿ죬Χûˣֻʣ
ʦ֣𣿡
뿴Աߵ꣬Ȼʵ
ҡɵô˻ޣ̾һԭ֪ʱۿѾˣʲô۽׹¡
ͷҪǲĶȥ޼£۾ˡ
ֱһ۽ǣΪϸСľӨ
ǸǶʦѵ̫ˣСܿˡ
Ҳ̲סس˲ĻСʱǰ㣬رʦʦ㡣
ʦˣʦˡҶˣǶˣΪʲôΪʲôһǲҪ𣿡
ЩѾһˡ̵ڣ̵ԼΪˡ
ԭǵġ
ǸСʦãҪʦʦǵСʦãҪֽСʦá
ǿԣһӶһɵС
رŶʦ֣·Ҫһίͷų
ôҲҪ룿ԼȵĴıʱͬɰƯСʦãôòҪ㣿
ֻ֮£̫Ȳѡ
һ仰Ƕ֪Ҳû˵
㿴ʦڲ𣿡Цŵ֮ǰҿɶңǵСʦίˡǶʦֲã˯̫ˣҵԼ
Ҳ̲סˣһϸ΢ĳǲעǱˡ
ȫϣȻˡ
ʱǵСʦôЦЦ޾Ϳޣڣޱ⿪ģڣ޶ˡ
ĵСã˺Ҳǡ
ʲôʱģΪʲôҲڻþ
뵽ײСˣֻʧ̬һָ˹ʵʱҲǧˣ̸ۼˡֽǵĳ谮ԼС
Ӳ΢΢źۿղŻûϢĿ޹
վǰĲ
ҵƻδȬŻָʶвܳءұ㣬ȴ֡۰СþˡµĻûм˵ǻһ⣬ΪʲôڻþȻġ
Ƿ磬޴ڡҲˣǰֻǳ˯꣬ͬһɢؼ䡣
廹ڳ˯ʶȴȥĶȥĶ
ұֻǾǽԲԲĻмԲŶ˼֣û뵽Ҳһ𱻾þ
Ȼûϳģֻǲ²⣬ϾϢˡֱ˻þദ󣬲ſ϶ԼĲ²⡣
䣬Ϣϰ߲䡣
ˣֻ£һʣһ߽ؿŲ
ˣͷЩɬصİɣʦˡٹãұ뿪ˡ
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˶һ˲
ǻúúõģʦǲŻߵøġΣݳţЦŵǻţ˵ˡ
ԡ
ͷЩԺЦǰ㣬ҶΪ㽾
Ȼ֪ǾͱԴһӿ֣ͷģɷѵ֪
аɣϡ֪ϣɷԭС񣿡
˶һЦ̲סЦ
Ҫ²ɣǸôþЦ˼ʦ˱̸¡
Һ㶼м䣬ΨʦûУΪΣʦ֣߿ʲô֣
Լߵ˲񣬡þӦԸʦֵģδӦñˡ
µĿģʵܺò¡
ΪԼһݣ˼ѾϡҪΪ£þӦþĿĵĹߡ
񣬶ֻǲŻмɡ
ӦþµĿģܲþ
˼Ƭ̣ȻʵþѹһˣΪʱų֣˵ˣʦ˶һۣ˲²⡣
۴ʦַŵɫû䡣һۣҶ֪ʦִδйʲôδޡǶ֪Ȼ
˽ۣԴʦȻˡ
ǡ
ʲô
뵽ֵĻΣֻ̫ˣûм˵ȥĬһ˲ҡҡͷҾþܻһߡ
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£ѵǡʦ֣
ܡ
ʦ־Щֵ£ҴʦҲûӦˡ
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ҲģԷŹڴʦǰδޡþײ˾þѰƽ֮
ŮԴʦ֮ģΪԼһδ޵ݡ
һǳɻˡ
˶٣ŵͷʾͬⱾµĿģȻ뷽跨ٳɵġ
£ܳ𣿡һۣȻʡ
л˵
ӸϹӦòᳬʮһɡ


37 
ʦ,ʥѾڵˡ
壬̱㱻˽ȥ߽ڵһϲŮ,̴磡
΢΢ƫͷһŮ,˿ʵĿ
ˡλķʥ̾˿¹ѵܾˣȻҪΣĪҪǸˡ
Ҳʶ,Ҳûδޡ
ֱӵ
̴磬һ𣿡ϵķӦﲻţϹĵĵ˵,Ҫҳ׵ġ
ͱ˹,;˵⣬ձġ֪Ϊʲô,˻黨,ȴԼȻȥˡ
Ȼ׷,෨Ӷûãֱǰ黨Ȼ˲,ܹ
ֻ,Ȼ޷ȫݻ黨
²,̫ǿ,Ϊ,Բŷ⡣
޸ļ䣬һ¡ڼƻֻܻ˷ӡ
Ȼı䲻ļ䣬ܿˣһЩ޸ġ
˼ã±ֱӸԼһδ޵ݡļУûδ޵ģѲ£Ӧ֮
ʮǰϺʶʱˣʧȥ˼䡭
µ˵ʱˣû˼䣬Ա´Ϻ
վ飬Լóɻ顣ȻͻȻϮϺȥԵУȴһȥ
¶ϺãҲûеȻδ򣬱ϺѰˡ
첻ˣǧ࣬Ѱδټԭͽ
ʮǰȷʵȥϺҲˣʧһʱ䡣֪֮ЩҲΪϸŸ˱ࡣ
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ҡ
㿴ҵóһСʯͷһ֡
⵽õĻþԱóʯͷȻѡ
ɻ󣬵ʯͷվõһ֮š
Ҳ֪ΪʲôûǶμ䣬ұ֤˵Ļȫʵţȥ顣
ն
ļƻȳɻ飬õµݣú顣Ͳţᶯġ
ѾˣȷʵĶʯͷϵϢһģһʥ˵¹û˵ѡ
ֻǿʯͷû˵ʥֵضб֮ˡ
*
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ɩɩģ
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ꡪ
»ûüػԱ߱㴫ϸ΢죬ǶѵתͷȥȴֻƽƵδʲô
һۣ֪ˡ¿룬ЦŻصϾϲǲزסġˣ̴绹δɻ飬ʦûǱ㻽ˡ
˵۵׵ĵȴ
ʦֶɻ鲻֮¡һɩɩȻҲҪеġЦʵʦ֣˵Ŀɶԣ
̧һۣʲô
Ҳû¡
ҲûڴˣӦ֮
ɩɩ˵ǣϲһȻǲزסġʦ֣𣿡ûشƫͷһЦʤգз·ȫǰˡ
룬ĪƤ
ѾĴ㣬εһԴ
˭ó֮жá
Ƕʦ֣𲻴Ӧңգգۣץס֣Ц㣬Ӧ𣿡
ĸ֣˵ļ
棬ָȻսȻ̧ͷȥ̾һЦЦӦһУӦ㡣
δ䣬ǰĹʱЦüۣ۶á
Ȼˣ˫ϲǸã뵽ʲô⣬һ˵һ߿ĵĿ棬Ư۾ǲǱʦһͬɣ
Цֺڴ
ȴȻһɷˣǵسûʲô
л˵
Ӹ
Żиһ£þͽ˹Ҫתۺʹ̼飨Ҳ


38 
ô,ôСʱǰƤС󣬲ס⣬ȴްģ
Цӯӯ,̲סЦҡҡͷڿˣ
ϾҪ,Ϊӣô᲻ģĳգգۣЦŷʵ𣿡
Ȳ񿪿ڣԴ϶,Ͼӿһˡ
ǺĿԼһͨ
˯һ꣬²񿴲Ҳܲµһжôסط󲿷ʱЦŵģɲȻóʵʱǺġ
ѵüЦ㿪,Ȼʧ
ҵʲôҪ󣿡˳ĻʡСϲһֽйҼҵϷ,ɽСȻҲ档
ʱҲСʦϷ,ᳵ졣
˶ö˵ʲô,ȻȻڽ˽ɫ,˵ŸɵĻ
ǿɶˡҵȵóúÿвŻ,öҺáҪ,밺°,ԥ˵һҪ,Ųһһٵĵ,ҪһһңܲǶ𡣡
ԣ𣿡
ʱ˼ͷЩɬΪҷӦһá
һ׷Ҫٻش𡣡΢΢ͷܿ˲֣ߵһġ
ɺЦԼĴ·û˻ЦһˣСһճˡ
ʦˣ᲻Ƕ𡣡һתͷϣԣСʦÿٸʦһλ𣿡
Ỻ壬·ǰĻǵǸС
ãٸһλɡ
һΣûж㿪ͷϵֻ֡
µ˲䣬ֻỬıȻּᶨذӵ˻С
һκʵӵֻһֳõİۡ
ǵСʦùȻƯֿɰִ󷽣õСӡЦʦллˡ
ͷůĻУڻûϢĳ˳ӡ
Զҹɫе˾ؿӵһˣ⺮ͷȴһҲϨһ
*
ʦּȻˣΪβ
ҹԺӳһסŲһȻ˿ڡ
ҹ
δ䣬һӰҹɫ˳
ƺûκξȣǳЦɡ͵ɫ£ԽԵ񣬷绪ˡ
ʦҪ˵ɡȿʣ֪ʦҺ£
Ƕ˼ͬʱ뷽ʥ£࣬ʶദʱʦʦҲ࣬ӦǸõġ
ʵϣ֮ദƵϵĮ
˵Ӻ½Ȼͬʦֵܣʵ࣬ȻƲܡ
Ϊʦ֣ʵʦʦദࡣ֮ͽ
ȴ෴
ŰĴʦ֣Ȼϲ󷽵Ķʦ֡
ȻҲ롣
ϲ룿
Ų񣬺Ȼʡ
ʦֵΪ⣿Ƿϲ룬ûлش⣬תʵʦΪأ
£֪ɫ΢䡣
ʦּȻҲ֪ҡԣӦ밢֮£ΪλҪңûЦһĪǣʦֶ԰Ҳ⣿
ɺ˵䣬˼ĵֻ֮ͬʦá
Ŷ
ӦһĵĵˣǴʦֺα⣿
ǵĴʦ֣ȻҪʴ£ҵְ𡣡˶٣ϲ𣿡
ϲΣϲΣЦ밢ѿɻˣң㹻ˡһð뿪ĵġ
仰
ֲԾսһ˲䣬ĿھǱһ¡˼ϲϲҪҪϲ
ϲ
ֻʶʵĿڵǰѻ㶸Ȼյøˡս˫ȭֻ󣬾Ȼƽָ̽
ȴ·ûзʹֻؿŲ
ʦַģΪʦ֣Ϊ£ҶúչܰίʲôӣʦҲ˽⡣Ȼ³ŵʳԡ
ؿһۣЦʦֲõǣԺҲҪ˵Щˣö¹ᡣϾ
ʦĪҪˣҲǼȢ޵ˡŮб𣬼СʦãҲñˡʦ֣ʦ˵Ŀɶԣ
Ц֪ΪΣ˲䣬ΧϢȻ䡣·δȻЦ
ÿЦݣ˿̾ĪЩۡ
סҹ˵Ļ
Ҳ֪˶ãŻȻҹУһ˿˵⡣
üĿ䵭ɫƾЩɲ
ϵЦûܵӰ죬δ·磬֮⡣˫˵˵ѡ
лʦѣʦ
ңȻҲḺһǻ顣
ҹˮԶаӿ
*
̴磬ȥˣҵһԺһ˽ӭ
ЩԹĿǰˣŭôˣһᵣġ
˵ѾأҹСδѶˣźܻĽס
ݣҲ˻
ȻǻþЩ˷ܡ뵽ĿĴɺ֣ǳ˻þ𸮵Ůˣ
ʱҲ˸
һ뵽ˣͺǼһ˵һֱҪȥֻ֣ۿҪʱȻǰ˼˿ա
ûҡ
Ļص
ĶȻûʲôԣֻЩϧջ֡ԣЦȻ̴һ
һˣһҲҪɵ
̴磬ǵĻʲô뷨𣿡̽ʡ
һۣĿⲻµ̲ס֮ǰСϣδԴʲô飬ˣ
㡣
ʱڿ˿ڡ
֣ǷȥЩ־ȴɬЦ̴ģҿ϶ú׼ǵĻģʧ
š
һҷˡ
̬Щ䵭²⣬Ͼ֪ӵĮ㷴ӦҲ
׹̲ĵԣᶮµĵ̴úϢҲȥˡ㡭ҲҪżȻ㲻ǵ֮һˣûϵģ⣬㲻ǹġ
˵⣬üĿ両һ˿ˣһˣû˹ȥǻδ
̴磬һܴõĻġ۾ģȥ˵δΪģҺڴ
Ŀĺܿﵽˣż
ϵЦһЩĿһۣõˡ
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䶨պʱȽϽšӻģֵľһ밮ӣȲҪϲɵ
ȻҲûлɡ
˵ݶͬ״Ҫɻ飬ȻҪġɽʱ˶æµ
˲űȻżûлҡ
ڶգ˹
룬촩ԡǲʦٸһġ㿴ϲ𣿡ͻʦ㣬Ŀ۰ڴ
֯һºȤ츳ҹΪġ
ǻʵСܶѶʦΪ׼ġ
Ȼ֪ǻþ˶ʦ֣ʦʦǶǼٵģ̫ûмˣ֪Ǽ٣ﾹ̰
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ǻþҲʦʧݡ
ʦռã֮֯ƹҪáĳߴϤ᲻
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ѵʱ򣬲Ҳˡ
ʦ֣ôˣʦ㲻𣬡˵ˣڻ俪ʼ֮ǰǲܼǹأ
ǷĹأɣαأЦ𣬡ʦã벻ǷǻҪḯ
ḯأ
ˡܡ̲ס˴ǡϵ·ƿš
еȻֹ
ڳ˽Կ롣
ʦʦ㣬ÿ𣿡ȹڣǺܶǰһ㣬õѣϺ󣬱ֽǰĵתȦȦǿ
ѼõúܺãԵ֫ϸ񻣬˼ַǡ
ɫĻĵԽѩף۵Ϸ·Ⱦκ죬֮֬ҪϸỬ
۾Ǽ΢̡ûױ촽ҲȾۣ֬ѩеӣҡ
ÿǰÿˣʦĿޣһӡ
һ˵һһԵĲ񣬱λ׼˵ת˲ȴ˾ڲԶˡ
ʦ֣ôˣ
վԭأûĿĿŴϲӡ
˳ŷת˺üȦӯȹڼҪƮ
Ʋۡ
л˵
ŵ㰡㣬һһҪ̫Ӹ_


39 
ʯͷûĵġ
ȻѾɹ,޳񣬵ǻǿ࣬Ҳֻ״ѡ
ͽ,ȴ⡣
Ҳһֱ֪Ǽٵġڵ,ֻĻθΪһ˶ѡ
վˣαװҲֻһʯͷ
ʯͷûаϲŭ
Ȼһ̣ôһ˲,·ǻǿŶ
ˡ
һһһ¡
ģ
鲻ԽסԼĿڣĿȻĿĨҫ۵ĺ죬ԽԽҵ
*

ʶϵЦͣ˶תͷ˲Զؿˡ
ʱ,Ӧ׼յĻ,Ҫ֣ҲӦǳǱ,
ͻȻ,ʦ㶼Щɻ;ȡΨв,΢Ҳ֪뵽ʲôǲźۼĹ
Ƭ,ҲŻһʦ֡
ŻЦ洺,Ȼڿ˲,ǲõЦʧ,ô
˴
ʦôпյˣЦſ,ɩɩǱѾæɩɩûм飬ȻŲʦΪɷӦ߲Ŷԡ
ʦ˵öԡʦҲŵͷĵԣʦΪʲôСʦ
Ϊʲô
֪ԼҲ֪Ϊʲôֻʶһ㣬
ɩɩĬƬ̣˿ڣȴûлشǸ⣬Ҳƺ
ǵִ˵ʱз
ԣʱ˲˽һ
ʦĲ˲Ծ
صǺ졢©ٳĹ£Ȼʦ֡û¡
ʵʵȡ
ܲþҪƭ̫ˡþõúǾԿ
ҪƵһʼѡ˶
ʱûʶǻþľȻѾ˲ԡ
ԴʦֲŽƾͼƣװ£˳ҳ˽ۣȻˣҲúһϷҵ뿴»ʲôֶΡ
ңþĹؼϡ
ֻǡ
ʦֿµĲԾأ˼һ㣬вһ˿š
㲻ϳ㣿
ֻǲ鷳Ĭ˼ϢŴصʦ֣Ҳ֪ʦ֮仹ƺ͵
Ȼֻǲص޶ѡ
һƺ֮ǰҲʦͻνһα㹻ˡһ˿Գ
ңѾָ˼䡣
Ҳû˰οԼɡ
ûٴֻߵߣּᶨĵûˣʦ㡣
üĿ飬û˿Ρ
һϮ޺Ȼô
һɲǣȻơʡʣʲôֵʣ
Ȼƿߡ
ңֻ·ѡǱһֻֽקסһ㣬ܣЩĻš
ǴʦɣʦЦҸհѻ͵ʦ㿴ÿ𣿡
ƽʱȻЩڲͬƽʱʱ̣е˵Щ
뱾ͳƯǲǸӺÿˣʦ㽾룬ĵĿ޵ҼҰһˡ
ûʦһĿޣʣֳܵĨ޺쿴һۣ۾ȴǱ̵һ㡣
ǡĿԡ
ʦ֣
뻽һ绪ǡ
ÿ
Ӧ޸Уһ˲Ŀҫ۵ĺС
ٿȻתûµ˫ֲ֪ʱճȭͷٿϮɫûлشʦõ⣬ֻһ䣬һ£ˡ
δ䣬һֱ˲ɷ뿪
ʦֿȥе㲻ԾɫЩסʦ㿴뿪ķ΢΢üʦ֣óҽɿʲôˣ
УҽȤⷽ棬ҲЩ츳ͨ£ֵܽ˲Ѱ
Ϊǿ󣬵Ǵδʱ
赣ģӦʲô¡ЦЦЩζΪһγɻ飬ʦֽŰɡ
ʦҲţ
ʦ𾪣ôǿ
Ϊβ᣿һ䣬⣬һֻһλ飬Ҫʱ̣˭ܲţ
Щǡ
Ǵʦְ
ܡδ¶ԹĴʦ֣ȻҲ
ҡҡͷûټ⣬ֻЩź̾Ϣʦֻûشҵ⣡ҲɵˣȻţ١ʯͷô֪󣿴ʦִӲƤҵġ
ȻȻĽһ䣬ʦִӲòȡˣȶˡ
Ӳƺɻǳ˵ЩҪɡ
ںǳӹס
ʦڲⲻҪʦ߹Ϊ죬ЦŶԱߵĲֻҪʦⲻˣ
ԣȻʧЦ
ʦ֣ҪȢ𣿡գգۣǴĴԺδɩǸ顣
û˵ֻεЦһĶͷ
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סŻͯӵˣҪԲСȥ
֪ͯҡͷʦһȥˣҲ֪ȥ
ԣе㲻ɫɳ˳
ǿѹĲȥһڵ
Ҫȥң޷ƻ黨ҲȥѾеһֻǳȥһջǻɻġ
ֻ룬»е㲻ˬ
ΪĹޡúÿ츳ڣǱ׷δ
ԽԽ䡣
ģҪĸԸʯȹ£Ҫ׳Ϊߵȹ³
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ˣ㲻Ҫ̴ڵסҪ뿪ͯӣЦŵҲҪ˵ҹҪһϲ
ϲ
ͯɻؿ
ˣⲻܹܵ¡ûһСͯӶϻҲмΣˣȥ˰ɡҵޣɲ̫ã𣿡
ͻȻıͯһͰ͵Ӧһŷɿˡ
һǻŻ뿪ӰºЦһתŻתķ䡣
ƵϼªӣһһӣӴ
»˻־Ļױﵽ˼㡣
ž˾޵ŵЦˡ
ΪԷһȼе㡣
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㣬֮Ч
һ׼׵ûãһĽŲ
ˡ
Цվ
һ̣ű򿪡
ѽתվǰˣȰһߵͨ죬̴磬ôˣ
شΪɬĽ͵ҡҲǹ㷿ģҾҪһϲ
˵ţǹ˼ڴ
Ȼһֻʼ趯
ӯѣһһЦòƷˡȻҲǷˣĶк˳Χת
Ϊ׼ľϲ
ͬԺɫ⡣ЩĽŮ֮ûдֻһԭǱǻ
Ҳġ
һ
Щӹ֬׷ôȣһָҲȲϣ
ѡԺ롣
ɫľȹڿзѼؼ
ûж
վſڣؿһĻ·ԡ
ˣ
һϲ
赽ǰϮˣ紺ˮҲ·Ⱦ˷£̴磬𣿡
ǳɫȹڴǰƮ»ȥ
˻
һһ֮һϸ΢죬лƤ
һ˲һǻҪѪ˿С
µɴ۾ܵסԼĲӣֵؿǰޱˡ
Ŀ£īڵͫû˿仯н׵ĽѪ¡
󡣡
ֱ³׵ڱĵϣոµĻȾۺѪۣŵ³һ֡
ôܣ
ôһ㷴ӦҲûУ
ûдأΪʲôȥһӰҲûܣ
ȻЩҲûлʲˡ
һû˿ˮһҪڻþ̱˻黨
һΣ޷ƻ黨ˡ
Ҳ޷þ
Ǿ峹ûϢһһһ̣ϵʬ㻯Ϊɻңɢؼ䡣
µʬ壬ЩãҲ˲ʧˡ
㡣
ſޱнʼնû˿ɺͰ־ȡ
תţʥڵȥ
ôʱˣʥЩɻ󣬡Ҫɻˣʱţ㲻Ӧá
ʦ²ˡ
ûȷʥ˵꣬䲻ٰܾˣȡɡ
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ʧٵϢܿ㴫˳ȥ
ʥĴѰңȴûҵ˿··ʧˡ
ȻҲ֪ˡ
˶Դ˶Щȣ벻ͨΪͻȻ
Ҫʦ𣿡벻⣬Ϳɹһˣû뿪
ϾΪ˴ﵽĿģ¾׼ô࣬û;
ǷأȷʵҲûҵ
˼⡣
Ȼˣǻþڣǻûдȥ
þһȻڼµ뿪ûκӰ졣
ҲԣһЩӰġ
¹ﲻڣյĻô죿
԰½½ˣﲻˣǺã
伴ʼѵµ뿪⧲Ҷճ
ȡ䡣
ʥ˴ֱӵǻȥǡ
δ޲ˣȥżƽʱͬ
ȡһۣˣ˶鵽ײãҲ˿صЦ
ƽɫһ˲һ˿ѡ
:¹ﲻڣǱȾʦֵĻʦھаɡ
ԱߣҲͷ
ѾˣһаͰУһǲݾߣǲҪɡ
ʥ:ˣ
ص:ʦѾˡð죬粻˳١
ȻˣǻھСʥһ
룬:ʦ֣ȲҪżǻҡ¹ģصҵġ
ķӦ
Ͼ²ˣһ㷴ӦҲޣҲ̫һ㡣
⵱ȻҲϾֲˡ
˵ʶһֻ꣬ƺʧ̬Ϊ
յһĻĻֳԺУ
Ŀ΢ͣ˶٣ֹסԼ˼ûټȥ
ģ࣬µġ
µȻ£Ļþ⻰˵úƶ
ͷǰοŮӣȻ룬Ӧûµʬ塣
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ҵԻᴦ
ЩӲ
һڣԼ˴ǹԽĴ£ĿԽơ
һ
˵գ뿪ڣתߡ
ʦ֣һֱĬĲȴȻ밢Ļ䣬ɲҪǵ»񡣡
Ц֮⣬ֻʦֵ֮ĴȤ
ҺͰ붼ڴ
Ȼһ٣Ƭ̺żӿٶ뿪
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Ϸȫףһһһ硣
£ᷢױ
վװ磬֮ԻҪÿٱڷѩܽ촽һ£һ
룬ʱ䵽ˡ
ʦǵ𣬽˵ϲʾżʱѵ
λ뷲֮䣬Ҳˣⳡĺƴׯϣз´档
ʦһͷŵͷϣڵ󲿷ֵߡ
룬߰ɡ
ʦӦˣ
ԭɻ鷳¡
ʧеһ˿ƣ档
ʦǵָʾš
żɲǣӺͷ£һĨƵĺ졣
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һĨӰס˽Ų
Ҫ߹ȥͷһһģΪˡΧû˵Ϣǲ˸ˡ
뵽ˣҪѺͷȻȻ˽קס
ʦ֣
΢΢㶣ɻֻһ
ûӦ
ֻǰ˵ĺ·΢΢˼֡
һ˲һᣬӦʱѾϲϡ
뻹֣ԼˡԱס
ˣ˵ĸйٺȻȫʧȥЧá
ǰ˵ĺȴ𲻳Ϣ
֮ǰֽ˸Ľơԣʱⲻơ
ֽƵ˼١
ü
ʦ֣ʱѵѽƸҽ⿪ĪҪôҵȾˡ
Ĭһ˵
ӦȻӽܵһ˿ϸ΢ʹ
̲ס˻һץסȻһɡ
˭
ʵ
ŴɫϲĹڴϣͷסֻ¶˺Ĵ뾫ѩ׵򢡣
Щ۵Ĳúֱ
ĿⲻǶΰϡ
޳ϸջ
ȻЩɺԣף鲻Խس
Ǽסһۡ
Ȼ
ͻȻʶҪ
л˵
ǧҪҿ³þ


40 
ʶһ,ģһӡ
һˡ
ãһ𣬶Ȼɪ罺,ΪҸһԷޡ
ûֹǣֹⳡ䡣
Ȼˡ
ԼҲ֪,ΪʲôӦʱѾ˺ϲ
ΪʲôҪ
ΪʲôҪ⻻һɫϲ
ΪʲôҪ
Ϊʲô
ȻԵĿϵˣǰĨ˵𪣬Ȼҵһ¡
ԵסĿҪֹǺ֮ĶȻǶԽԽˡ
ˡ
ʤ޹ġ
ٴǰ,ǼӲûĲ
·Ȼ
ıǼҲǵȼһɻ׵ľӴ˿˿⣬ǵûϨػ棬Ļơ
̵ˡ
ǹɳҵ⼸Ҫǰһжڻ
屾ܵرͷ,Ծ¡üġܽ,֮ûκξ룬ȻܵĽ䱸;衣
εĴʦ,Ӧûȫ,Щ֮¡
Ӧ뿪
ޱһ㡣
Լʶ,ޱȷĸ
Ҫ
Ϊʲô
һ㣬ٽһ,ܵóԸˡ
ʹǰ,ȵıǷ,ֻ¡һ,һ¡
䡪
ǰһкȻζ,еĻ濪ʼģãһĴɢ
̼䣬˱ǻһɢȥ

ͫȻп־ܵҪץסȻþȫҲͽͣпտҲ
ˡ
һ뿪ˡ
ȻĿſһƣ౻˺һӣʹ
ۡ
롭Ȼૻһ룡
Ǹ֣·Ҫѿһ㡣
ںڵķʧһУһ㻯˲Ұ׵ѩ
ǰжˡ
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аԣСȻһѺۡ漴ӦѺ˲
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룬ǰһڣһĿռһΪԭΡ

Ƕοռ䣬Ψɲݡ
ֻҪͬ⣬¸ܲȥ
ʦʦҳȥɣһæҴˣҲˣ
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¼ˣ뵽ղ˵Ļ鼱֮µ͵ǿʦϣ˵һΰɣ

һΣ˻ӦֻԤȫͬˣһ֣ԺԶҲٿˡ
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41 
֪˶,Ȼ۾һû,һ漫С״ľ˰ա
ƣѳ˷,ǻ黨
˼ˣ鲻ԽסԼڵλáԴӻ黨ֻǰĶʱʱһʹ
ʹǿңȴ˺ӡ
·ʱʱ̿ڻþ¡
þǼٵ,˻ҲǼٵģԼġþɣǻΣҲ
Ψж,ƾ

˰
ؿһѪ,ƺһǾȻһ˿ǳѪߡѪԽ,ӳɫԽס
׽,˳Ⱦ˿̾ħ
ȻСС,ΣȾѪĴһĨЦ
Ҫ֪𰸺ܼ򵥣ֻҪ޸û黨,֪ࡣൽ˭
黨,ֻ,еˣ
Ķ,׹һ,Ȼʧԭء
Ҫ޸黨ҲѣֻҪҵ˼ɡû˿ɣֱȥ
µĸ׳壬İ
ٶȼ죬һ㣬ѵ
ߺˣ
ֻССϺзȻʶǰȻһˣʱȥʵ
δ䣬һ󼲷ϮǶû壬㱻Ʒڵأѡ
ڣ
ʶص޹
δ˵꣬ǰӰһΣȻĴҪסܣѾȫûûս
ĶȻ߲㣬һӭ˳
𣿣
ǰĶӰ̫ӡȻһ۱ϳɫ䣬Ծĺ
ʱ侲æһ̽ʵ֪ãʧԶӭĪҪ
ڵһص̫Ҳδᣬ·ûп
Ŀ䵭Ŀһֱۣӵ㸸׳
⻰˵ĺ˸̫ͽ˴ȥˡǰ˲Щͨˣ
ؼǿ
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Щ룬û˵κ֮ʣȥ
ͷԵƬ̣Ҹܿµţλ̫̬ȼáôҲûκι֮̬ȼΪºͣ
һۣû˵ȴҲûǿ
̫Ƭ̣̽ʵ֪ᣬΪ£ȥƺĶļƻһ֪
ûлشֱֻӰ´οռ˳

»ΪΣǱſ˵ϣû繫硣
£
״Ů̫ͫ׽˲õԤС¿̿Žһ˾ˣҡ
Ҫ̫ȥվҽһˤ˵ϡ
¡

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ҲδֻĮ˵֣졣
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ˡ
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޺ҪĻþ񡣡Լ֮࣬󣬱ȡ
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ǲܣǾ¶һĨЦֻްЦ⣬üĿ˪ǰҲû˴ڵıҪˡ
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42 
ħĵλ,˻ĺʢħյħˡΪɹ٣ȻⳡĿ֮һ
ħ,ڳıǶڵһʱˡ
Ϊû˿Ρ
ħΪħ֮ˣȻҪȥӭħ,ףҲ⡣ħ˽֪λħϲŭ޳ĵλǿȻҪ˵˼
˵ǿʳĵط,ôħ֮
ԴұΪħźΪǻΪⳡǲˡ
˭Ҳû뵽ûħȻˡȻⲻ˾ȵģ𾪵ǣħǵߴīӰ
ħ,˶ʶվ,򻺲ī񣬡μħ
뵥ϥ,ϥײڼӲĵ,
,ϲ˳š
ûħķԸ˭ҲҳվħΪͻȻϲ,˵Ŀʲô
֪,Ϊ,Խ
Ÿʲô
ŵʱ,ɳƵȻڼžϲ,̲סһһʱҶ
Ļ˵
֣˵⡣ڵϵħǣԵվ
Ҫ𣿡Ȼߵħأ
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ħһ£̷ӦصħδʽʼӦûڷ׼
ڱ㿪ʼɡ

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˿ʼЦյɹ٣뿴߇ģĺôħͽ»ӻ޴룬ɶЩͬŵࡣ
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߻ħ֮ף
ȻôܣһǿԳֵħô߻ħûɣһ̣ģ
˶ɫ䣬ĿǶȻվˡ
ȴκ˵ĺϵħԽԽŨת˲ռϲõÿ䡣ڳ䶼ħ壬ħÿ˵츳ΪͬħĳħҲˡ
ˣ
ɫͻ䣬æֽסӿʼҡεӣǽСģ
ĴӵħȻͣ͡
վϷīָ˼£۾˫īͫһƬīڣԨ
ˣ
ڿֿħĴ㶣ŷӦŨĺ޲ðûħȻûˡ
ǲ̧ͷλϵˡ
˪˫۾˲ƽ
ΨһϣûʶҪħӵ壬һɸӺصħעӵ塣

λǰһ̻߻ħħȻƽ˵
л˵
˼ǣʹˣû취ֻдĿTnT


43 
˵,ħʲô˼
ûдãΪķɽʽ뿪һ,һɻĴȻ̲ס
ħΪλμӻ䣿ֻμӻ𣿡ˣΪֻͻȻʧأȻ⻰,Ҷû˵ڡ
ڳĶɵӣȻҲ֪뵽ǵضħ˶¡
ڣҶ˲١
ħһģֳ,֪ħΪΡ˷
ʻ˶˶٣˵֡
Ƿ
ϾħμӻѾˣδʲôɵվϲ,Ѿˡ
ħ˼,ֱ֪ӵΪ,Ҳϵġڷħ֮,Ϊҵ׵ģ
˿,ЦһҴϲӣлλ,,ұúʳɣ
Ⱦλһ
δ,һƱʾ,ȻһɫѾ»ָ˺,Цӯӯһ㲻Ծ
ˣҲ֪ʲʲôˡ֮ǰǶȻ׷ڳˣвΪλĵͣȻ
ɽգⳡϣķ޵ˡħ磬ʷһݵ٣
ô翴ħصˡ
׼ħ˼Ȼвʣ˿ֻʱϢˡ
յǸǺôľϲζ˵һ䣬ҲƱЦҾλһףǰͷϣͬģ
仰֮ǰ˵ġ
ԣҲӦ׷վķ޾ƣЦףλͷϣͬģ
Щŵնʱɢȥȥֻʣ˺гϲ졣
Ҫ˵ħ˼ҲѲ¡ʱЦſˣ۽ħķӦҿħҲˣ
˼ܼ򵥣ǾҲȢˡ
⻰ڳ˶ɿ˹ȥ˵ħÿһɷӵģ
Ϊڳߵģħ쵱ȫķ£ħĶ֡޵Ǻϻ鰮һϺĵá
עţħΪ⣬ҡҡЦ˵϶檣ħȴһź֮Ҳޣʵ񻰡
ħ㵽ʲô˼
ļĲͷʵлֱ˵µģ
ҵ˼ܼ򵥣ǱǸΪħˡħȻһЦħͣҲȢˡС£ȻΪӵΪħС
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ħ⻰׿ף
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Ҹұ֤ħȻǶˣħն
ɣǿħ˻ǽŽɣħῴЩŮ˽飿
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ħ磬ֻҪǿŮҪҲû˹㡣ֻҪ
ܳħħǿɾϲˣ
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ɡ
ħΪһ£֪ħͿˣħĹǰٻţɲң
ЦһЦЦĵרһ٣߶࣬ˡ⻷ݵȥ˭ܱ֤ģ
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ڰУһĨۡϸһڷ洦ɼҰݣƺ͵ı峤һģһ
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Щ˽ΪѰҵĲȴٳҪҲûУ壬ʵҲѰҹֻ䣬һ
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ܻΣȻǸ츳
һǧ׹ȥɻһҰݵӣδΣҲδ
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þѪιҰһǧֻ꣬һĿģǱǵȵʱ죬Աڤơ
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ָ֮ѶȱСࡣ
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µĲѣȻҲˡ
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סꡣ
Ȼ֪ƺͲƽΣһ֣Ϊ˴ﵽĿĵȻԲֶΡ
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ֻҪʮ꣬Ұݱܳ׳졣ڤһȥˡ
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Уʮ겻ֵһᡣ
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δסĵطǲҰס
ûпҰݣ̧ͷĿһͨڤķ򣬺ת뿪ħ
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쳹ħ硣
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һǧ꣬Ѿ㹻ˡŵµħ壬ľȹ󣬼ȫԾԾԣ΢΢ȴްЦ⣬磬ƽ̫ˡ
ģҲ׺ľ
ħӢ¶Чϣ
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ˣ
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Ȼһ壬Ȼꡣڵ𣬷ǳƲ꣬Ҳ̫ࡣϢһʱ䣬ܳ׻ָˡ
ãҲһҪС֮
ô˵ˣ
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ܾʲôҪˡ
ֱͨǺ׼ģΪؼӽˡ
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һΣҲҪ
ʦ֣̿ʼɡ
˵ţԼ֣һɴ𡣲ҲԼ֣ס֯һ
ԽԽʵΡ
ȻʱһϲŭϤȻ
ڸʲô
һȻֹͣ˶תͷˡԶ°׷ɫѲĿǡ
ʦ֣
һü΢ôͻȻˣ
ʦˣȻҪĲ붼֪һǧǰز˽ơ
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л˵


44 
,뷴˿㿴ʦӦòδϳҲûȫ,н
ʦ֣λӹġ˵,ȿ˿ڡɫȻ򶨣˿Ծ͵ʱؿһˣΪ,ǡλӾ͡
ɫĪ⣬Ҳ֪û˵ǡ
ƺҲ⣬ֻЦһû뵽ô,λ֮ܡʦҲ֪,Դ˵Ȥ˱ӽһ
زͬһ򡣡
񲻼˵,ų˵һ䡣
뵽ҲѰС,,ȴ¶˿ԣҲȻЦȷʵԶ,Сʵصġ
⻰,Ĵ΢΢
Сϡ,֪ھͨҽ,ҽ֮СɶԴ˵Ȥ,˲¼Ľ̲ס룬СãҼ˲ˣʵСһ֮ҡ
һ˵һĽһ˫Ư۾ģ˭ҲóĶԲ˳Ľ֮顣
ԲԲҲ㲻꣬裬Ҳ츳׿֮ˡЦӣĻ˼䡣
Ŀԣ˴ǣԶԱ˴ӡ󼫺á
лޣСɱ֮ԶءɬʵСи֮룬Ժɷ̣
ȻԡصҲ¿飬ӵҲûôˡ
꼴ԵȻҲҪϧԵ֡
һϳݣ̣һ񣬲ߴͽ̣ǼԵ
˴ĿڵƸǰһĻǸӴ˼֪֡ԼΪʲôãֻʶĲ뿴վһ𣬸뿴޼䣡
ֻһССĻɶѣΪλĸо
֪
ŵɣΪ
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⻰뵹Ҳ˿̣俴ˣҪȻϻôࡣ
ˣԻȻҲǡ
ᣬҴʦˣԲԵᡣ
Ϊ˽ģϲһ㣬Զ˱ܱܳΪ׽֮ˡ
ѲǵµСˣɵϲɢȥЩ̾Ϣ
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ǿԣȻͻݲ˵ܷӮҪǣĶ֣ǹƵܾˣ˫Ǳˡ
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Щӻ̫СˣǱӦиֵʱ⡣
Ҳʦǵıӻ£ǧǵС
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˭
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ʱûʱ⣬ԣȻ򶨣С˵ܹóԸأ
˶٣
óԸΣȻ乴˹ǣ֪Ҫʲô
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Ϊý˳УȻƺ֮ꡣ
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ȻŮҪ׷ѰˡСƺ͹Ĺ£ҲжѡС֪ҲҪΪѻ壬һǻ޴šЦСһԲסһʱ䣬СɶΪѰˡ
ΪѰˣȻЦһüÿЦӦӺÿģ˿ϵĨЦԵЩ֡
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ԣ̲ס˲һۣҪ˵ġڴˣȻټˡ
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Сɸǡ
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ͷһͣǲɵˣ֪ΪξĪ⡣
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л˵
Ƚһ´ҡ


45 
ħ绹һɢɳ,ȻΪǡħһλħһͳħ,Ϊɲ⡣
λħ,Ҳ͸ˡЩҲ˽˵λͻħȥȻ޼Ѱ
λħƾճ֣˭Ҳ֪ĵϸټΪɲ,ˣҲ
ֻҲû뵽ά˶ĺƽȻһơ
ǷݴħսʱˮΪ֮,ױֳ,ػᶯҡʿ
ԴսûоԵģǻôǲսܣ
ħͻȻսһ,֮,±նȥβ֮¶С¡,ǵȥΪԼŮֹҪ뷽跨£Ůβ
һս׾ٵ,粻ð
,綼ħ羮ˮˮ,޶Թħʵ̫,ȻսѲΪǲɣ
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⣬ǿ壬ǶȻһսضۿۡ
´򲻹ħ磬ǴսӮ˵޶ô
ӮˣҲʤһսòʧˣҲҰĲˣҡĵλ
ԶڴսõĽ취ǣս
ҪսΨһİ취Ҫħλħ
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ͬΪ΢أ⡣˵˭ĲҪҪûгϢ
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΢
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ʱ벻ͨȥħ鿴
Ϊ˲עĿʩԼϵαװһͨߡ䲻ħ壬ȥħҲ٣Եǳ
겻û뵽ħ羹Ѿ
ΪλħŰսħҲûʲôƽ֮ȴû뵽յħ磬ıŵƽʣǻЦ
һϲ֮
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Ȼϲ£ħҪȢˣ
л˵
Բң״̬е㲻ãû˫ˡҵһ£еƣ롣¹һ£֮ǰ䣩ҿע¡ŮΪ


46 
ⳡѡ,ħ˴Ӹظħ綼ǣΪ˸ϲȻҪѶǺúװһ
Ϊ˶,ȻҲ͸ַˡ
緢սλħȻͿʼѡˣǲмһˡг,ǻӹܣ
λħ¼ǰߡ
λħԴսģΪ֮ħ磬˵,ֱ
аħɹ档
ɻħͬĴֻ壬Ǻû
ֻ֮ǰλħ¼ΪһɱŰħ,,
ħǰ£ħԲнյķ,Щͨħ¶ɵɫ
λҲμѡģ
˼ʱ,·ħ̲סڵ,Ȼ㲻ħ壬ħ֮λˣƯ,ܳΪħ
·һ˵,߲,в֮ɫ
Լ,ԲԲͲˡѩ,֮ͻҪϸӨپޣÿһǡô
Ϊʱϲɷ˻עò˿Ϣűɫȹõ壬ȥǸ޺ľɫˡ
ΪħѡԽħ綼˲ˣݡǧۻҡ
ˣĳȻǰһ޷ӡ
ճħʱʵвĹעˡ
ĿϰˣҲñðȻѡû˿ȤϾǰ꣬Ǳ˵ϣǱȥˡ
û˲ϲ˿ޣԼҲǸˣȻҲ⡣⻰ͦãҲûֻлᣬԻһԣлλСѡ
ͻȻħ磬ӣֱӷǣǻ˻ɡл·˺ǰߣȥķħķƺȥμѡġ
ʵ벻ǸӦƺ͵ϢǴħﴫġֻǹϢ֣̫Ҫȷλãһ
˳Ȼħķǰȥ
ʱħѾҹˣԽħߣΧԽ١⵹ͦϾħħӵĵطͨħȻҿŻŭħ
ħԽƺ͵ĸӦԽǿȷƺ;ħС˼ˣ΢΢ЩǺͲ⡣
ƺѵͶħ壿ΪħһжƻĲͬ
кܶɻ󣬵ЩҪҵƺͲܽ⿪
ȥħһ̽
ҲҺΪָħ䱸ɭϣҲס²˳٣벢뵢ʱ䣬ħѰصĽ䣬ԼϢӰȻԥĽħ
ħħģħ䱸ϡǵΪܷ롣
ˣҲûзɾ衣
ҪĲЩħħλز¶ħ
ѾסˣҲ֪ħʲôʱʼѡˡ·ϣħ̸ⳡѡ޲ĽԺ˵һǵһοôˣħһ˶ˣǱħ
Ϊħħ̣Ϊ
ǰĿ˵һ˵ķɣ治ǵһ̫ˡҪҿЩǿˡ
ħ壬Ļ塣ѡգĿѣԣҲ֪˭ܰεͷ
ҲΪħǿЩ˲Ż
ħ޸ǳһա
ħǵԽԽС뿪ܿʧˡЩ˵֪˲Ϣֱħ޹ںδ
û뵽ǣѭŸӦȥȻħ޹Щħ̵Ŀ֪λħϲź򣬶޹ⲻˡ
ȴ˴Ƨħط࣬߶˲١
뿴һǰϢħ޹ƺûˣλħڣ
ˣǸûᣡ˼һ̾ȥ
ΣҪҵƺͣȥһ̽
Իʧ
һȥ̲סü
Ϊݣݵλ޵ԲеĶС
ס칬Ҫ
԰λħӦȥϾղһ·ħ칬ͬҲʧϡ֮ʤ
ħطħ޹ǳأ˵ض̧٣ϸ˵ƵǼª
޵ûκװԵĶȥǿյģħס
λħôˣ
ѵһ˿棬Ҳֻһѣֻɨ۱ûٿ΢۾רĸӦƺ͵Ϣ˳Ϣߡ
ϢƺǴӡ

ʱһ˻䵭Ȼʱ۾һ㿪Ĺ
ת㿴һī´ߵˣӴϢѶϳ޹ˣħ֮
λħȻɲ⣬û̲Ϣȱ¶Լ
㡭΢΢һµüͷΪ
Լòδ䣬ȻϳϳʵҲλħϲһ˿Ϥ
Ǵһħôһ˲Ϊվǰ
Ȼǲܵġ
ֻϢǰħȫһֻһ˲ųĲ²⡣
¶ˣĻλǿħ
ͨˣֻħԣ˻ҡ뵱ȻᣬֻǾһ̣ʱӦ˹
ʱħͻԼ򲻹ȻӰļƻ
˵أΨһĿıҵƺͣûбҪ֦
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬һתӦ֮ħ壬ϵϢҲλħѾݡ
Ȼˣ罫ƾͼơ
ôֻһˡ
˼ˣϳ˼ֻҺɬħˡСŮμѡġֻ̫࣬СŮԼѡϣԱ㡭ħˡСŮˡ
뵱Ȼ֪ħȫûϵͲҪ
ֻĻ֮ƶѡ
ѡջħ磬δߣֱӻħԾǲ֪ѾΪ˺ҵѡ䡣
벻֪룬ԣ΢죬ɬĻصСŮĽħѾã˵ѡ֮£صظħ硣˴ħ磬Ҳгǵͬ⡣ԸħͬԿ硣ħӦ˵Ի֮£ѡ
֮Ứ壬λħǡսҲΪȨƵλһȻܾ
Աǲġ⡱ҲûϵϾЩ޵鰮ȻĻҪ
Ľң
һۣʲôζ
뻹δݹһĳǿߵСãΪ棬һʱ棬ûע⵽һ˿΢ɲõԳǡҡ
ǡû뵽ȻΪʻ֮¡ǿ̷Ӧͷ͵Ӧһ
룬ߺԼúȾ˶벱ȥһλȶСɡ
Ƕ˵Ȼôۣʶ˴
һҲδˣ˷ģĽ
СŮ壬ħģǻҪ
ȻˣǱɡ
뻰δ˵꣬λħȻƵļ⶯˶Ҳѵ΢΢һ˲
ͬˣ
ʶ̧ͷǰˣ˫īڵ۾֪Ϊָоһ˿Ϥ
ֻǲ룬īͻȻ
뱾ܵ߷
Ǹˡħͣǰֻ֮ߣܸܵӿħͺ⡣
ڿȴĪиеһ˿̣Լŭ⡣
Ϊʲô
л˵
ϵĸ£һӸ컹¹


47 
ʵں,Լ˴üĽšʲô˸ȤҲȤ,ȻҲĽĪѡ
˵ﰮʱĪ಻
޸,һ㲻ǰĻɡ
ֻһ
ֻмƣҲǲɶõľɫˡӵһۣʵע⵽ʱǰĻΪԲ
СʦƯµĹ
롣
ҲмѰʲôƷⲻǶԼ,Ƕ衣˶оŷƣˡ
֮ǰҪܿɡ
Ȼڴ֮ǰ뷨ˡ
ħһ̣⡣
⻨ʱȻϸоһ˿ϤҲйĲ²,һһųˡ
,ǷһȱԵϤи
֮˺ܶ,ò㲻ʲô,ֻòأߵǰ,ŵһ˿ϤĻ㣬մӻ黨ڽᵽļһģһ
ɺ϶,㲻ɺϡ
һ֪С,Ϊλƣȥ,̸ȻǸ,֮ԴӦҪ,뿪ǲȥţҲҪȥš
ħ硣
ֻħⷬħħԾ뱾ΪìܣҲᵱħ
ǲϲħ磬ħбпΪħཻ޿ܡ
Ȼѡġ
ħΪʲôΪֳħ
һ˲䣬ֻ뵽һɡǾǣħҰݡ½ףΪһнΪƺͣҲˡ
Ѱƺ͵ġ
һȻֱ
˺֤ܶĲ
Ȼ뵽˲˵Ļ
ǰɰȻϲɽĲǰ˼ǨĶ֮ˡ
һ飿ᡭ
ʲô
Ŀؿǰ֮ˣȻʡ
˶٣ɬģصħСŮԲԲ΢ͷϸΣλǿȻͬ
ȻͷйȻܸϵǵߡ
ħһֱڿ
΢΢һ̲ס룬λħĿ˰ɣȻȷʵʣˣޱߣ˼˰
̧ͷ
ͳƵ˼ĬƬ̣׻̧ͷ
Ϥİϡ
ϤΪе˼ƣİΪǸ˴Ӳ¶СŮߵ̬
ҲԣҲйɬֻ鶯һˡ˵ϲʱҲδ¶ɬ
ȻҲɬϾǾϲǼٵġ
ʱ
ǰĻɺߴӣҲǼٵġǶħ˵Ƕħħȴ
˭ҲѱŰħѷϵһ
ȻǱһ¡
£ɫȻȥ
ԲԲȻһ֣˵룿Ҳ̫ǰԲˣһ£һʱ²λħʵĿġ
ţСŮȻЦǻĻ棬ÿǶݾϡֻ̫СûлĿþϵķɣʵź
ħʣѵǼλϣ
һ뵽Լĳࡣ
ú񡣡Ȼһ̣ǰ˵֮ûҪ񣬵Ȼ֮正ûнá
롰롱йأ
мתΪĻصǻ˵ĻɣֻмƣĴС
ͨС˵ϳϹϵȻֵýġ
ֺⷬ
𣿡ī˺ЦһֻЦĪЩ̶в˼־裬ʱˣǱ֮ҡ
ˣ
ȻܿħӦȵķħ߾һòŮӡòǲħһ˲֡
ֻ࿴һۣһ䣬۾ʹæߣ̧ͷħĿ⡣
μħ֪ħкηԸħһҲҿǽˡʶħλˡ
Ȼһ˲ħס
ħʰħͰ˺úźագ
ħģҲһ¡
ɡ
΢˶٣һۣżձٰ䣬ԲԲΣһ˵һǰ벽ױƽ룬ԺͶƺ˼繡
һʶˣʱ񣬿סˡ
˶ħİ⣬˿˵ȻܾܾҪֳϲŶԡʱάԼ˿̵裬ɬףһ䣺ƾħ
䣬ϷһЦ
ƺûжЦ⡣
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һʱ䣬˴λԲԲˡ
ħֻһ仰ħȴæµ
ΪҪλˣȻΧתһʱҲİ취˵ħһΪħʵȻҪ졣
ħȲҪ˹飬ֻ˲һյʱ䣬ħæת
뵱ȻҲǡ
Ϊ½ħȱø£ϲħ̵ٿħ̬ȣ˭֪ħϲλˡԽˣԽܳ
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뵱ȻûʲôȤֲֳֻܱװģѡ˼˼Ҫ
ѾʼԼѡôˣˣҲãֻʱӲͷƤȥ
⾹Ȼĵλˡ
ζΪɣʵЩ̡һΣǴʦΪ˾ڶΣǻþеЦȴ˼£ΣԶ
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һҲ֡
ħ죬ǺܿҲõϢɲʲħڻ俪ʼǰӻ顣
ʵҪ뿪Ҳ̫ѣˣǰ׷ѹ򣿶ħ˾裬һǸˡ
ڻߡ
ڸأ
˼ŶԲʱһʳȻƮ˹תͷ㿴ħ̶˽
ʲô
ػӣħˣħԸūΪ׼ġáɵȻڳҲ֪һ㡣
ЩʢʳҶ̲סꡪħȻλˡ
ⷬԴʵĽ
ӿŰɡ۵Ŀ룬ĵħ氮ӣ⻹ħһηԸЩСء
⵹ҲӵòȻֵ㡣
ӿū澿ŮأħҲӣʵŮӺϡ
źħǸ߸ߵ͵͵Ĺά롣
ˣҲỶϲȴֻɻȻֻλħһΣݵĽλħ²ǳɫ֮ˡ
Ϊʲô
Ųλħİɫ£ţҲⷬ뷨
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Ŀɢ鼦ϡУ̿Ƶ鼦΢΢Щͻأ
л˵
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48 
ڵ,ĶȻǼƷ鼦ȣҲͨĲһֻɫ,һ֭Ե,ɫȫˡ
ĵһۣ䲻Ҳһʳ룬ֱ㳯鼦ȶȥ,ֻҪʱ뵽ʲôɫЩ֡
Ƭֻ̣һ򣬶鼦ԱߵӸ
Ӹ뷲Ȼͬ
,,ǷķɱȵġԣζȻҲһ
Ӹ,ζҲ,鼦ȰԵζ,ڸбûôǿˡ
ʳħһֱעĶˣʵǲϲ鼦𣿡
,պһӸ뿴һ,µĻصϲζ嵭һЩʳ
⵱Ȼ˵Ϲ
֮鼦,ѡӸ,ǺȻ뵽˲ǰڻþбųµ鼦,ﾹЩӰ
Ҳֱֲǹζ
ʱ̿ý˵鼦ȣ뵽ıǹֵֹζ
Ưһֻͽأ
Ȼ֪ħ̶ȻѳԵʳ뻹Ǿʱˡ
֮ǰ鼦ǳԲˡҲǵ̰ԵСǼȰˣԱ㲻԰ɡ
ţŵһӸȻ˳ˡ
ˣħ̲Сʵ֪õΣ⻰ʱЩУҲǲε
칬źЩͬϾҸ˾ְȻǿõϼĿ޵ġ
Ҳûж룬ֵĻ֣
ζȷʵħûôƷŪϿޣҲ̫಻á
в㣬ڽԼݣȻ£֮칬ʱº˲١
Ȼۣħ϶ʱ¶һЦæߵлĵȥ
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ͷҪֻǻδüīµĿʵΣ𣿡
ħ˲١ԣħ̹صū鲻ӦǼġ
վǰħˣħ
֪ʳʵħԸǸλȥġڴħҪһλΪħʱû̫ϣֱħԷԸΪλ׼ʳ
Ǵδй£
ħħô꣬ɴδκ˱ֹ˵ƫȻħΪλ̤ŷ
谮أֱľ
Ϊˣħ̲رʳĿŭħҺ飬ûаֺŪõƷ
鼦ȣˣ
⻰ħ̵Ķʱһ⡪֪λ˲٣ÿһ˶ˣƫƫ©鼦ȡ
鼦ʲôϡʳģħλӣȻҪþƷУԱħǲ׼ͨʳ
û뵽ǣħȴ׵ˡ
ħһ䡣
ħͷɲħֻӲͷƤأħ˲٣˵ϲ嵭ʳԱû鼦ȡ
䣬ΧϢһͣħͷһͷҲ̧˼֡
ϲ嵭ʳҲ֪˶ãϷٴδǵϤĵ
ħæӦȷʵ˵ġʵӣŮӶϲؿڵʳġ
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ŮӲϲؿڵʳ
ħӦˡ
˵ŵ̧ͷֻǵħޱ飬ʲôħýĲħƺƺЩʧ䣿
ΪԼûԼϲŮϲɡ
˼ˣħ̲סٴ̾ħ谮λӡ
Χװ
Ļᣡ
ħģڹ̧ͷǰħײߵħӣ˵⡣Ůӣ󶼰ϸԡӢ䣬ħΰħӢ˲Ǻ塭˵ػӶĽ
˵֮ǽǼ
˻ںħȻۿħ̲ס˺ΣλħȥͰɡ
ԣ˳ȥΪԼĽԵħĻģֱ˵ò֪Ǻá
ū澶лħϲ̵˷ܵȥ
ˣ˴ֻʣһˡ
ŮӴ󶼲ϲζصʳվԭأ߲ĳľȥૣŮӣ󶼰ϸԣ
Сʦòǡ
ȷʵΣΪҲʳУʳӲζζֻкó
𿾳鼦ȣ
һ㣬һҲ
ϸԡԼϲ˵˼ˣ֪뵽˲ǰ޵Щֱң
£üĻš
*
뵹ǲ֪˿̵ĻɣЩħ£ѵ˿źʱѾˡ
ħ˵վٰ䣬ס޵УĶæµħ
ڣʱЩڸˡ
Ҳڿʱһˡ
ħҪźĿģֲĴħȻͬ⣬˸ڰ˴ˡ
ȻǲģϾ»ûĸӵġ˷֣Ҫ˳Ц
䲻ڻڣȻɫ֮¡
ȻǷǿԡ
ħߣ˿ݣֻƾˣҲܿǸ˶ԸӣǿԿһ
ڣЩҪҪǣӦҪ뿪ħѣƺ;ħ֮УڵȻߡ
Ըô죿
ʱħѾָϲ£Եħƣħ
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˵ħҹɫʵͦƯʱҲ벻÷ӣһҹɫҲС
Լľȥúơûһһ۽⳯һۡ
ϢΪϤ
뼸̱µ˸֮˵ݣλħ
΢΢һݣ˼Ҫװ·Ǽʱһ΢΢еŮȻԱ
λˣ
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ѡЩ˶ǣѾΪǵġСˣ
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ǱߣǼħȻҲ
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ħ
ֻǼҽܻû˵꣬λ˺ؾһͷһܵظ˹ȥ
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뱾ҲλħĻȻˣˮĸһ㡣˵ôˣλħӦ޸ˡ
ڻﻹвģ
ң͸λħΪ˵Ϊһһˣ˷֣
⣬ǹ⣿
Լţûһԣô췢ħϢֻһ㣬Ѿˡ
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ߵĿǰһۣߴĵѰҵ𣿡
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λӯӯ£ֽᣬʤա
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ɶԲסˣ֪ã
Ϊħǰºӡǻαװһ
ζüͷ
ǹˣ¡ǡʱ¶ʧźı飬ȴұ㲻ħλõˣħң׵ġȻѡħԴסħλá
ôƽ⡢뻳ħҲᱻж
ħһ񣬱תҪ뿪ֻǽŸ̧ȴȻקסأȴ˺ӷֺʱʱ̿Ĵڡ
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ƾڵĶ˵һС
Ǳħħִ˵֪ΪһζƽģֻҪһˡģǱѸ硣ħײħ
Ϊɻϲ
ī˴ףźڷỮ·˼ֶһ޶ᡣ
룺
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49 
뵱Ȼϲ
û뵽λħȻ˲,һ۵ħãħǿɲħˡ
ħȢ,ϢȻᴫ磬ڵǻˡԴϢ,翴Ѿħͬһϣվ˶档
˵ħҪƿ塣֮,·䣬ʧȥһλ̫ӣ档
İԵȻ˻ͷϣ֮ǡ̬,ʱûг,ֻҪһҵʵĻᣬȻŹ壡
뵱Ȼ,ݴϼ޻,ƻŴ´¡ħһսƲ,Ӳѹȫڻͷϡ
ħǿҲ,ħս,˽ܰȣԹ,Ҳ
ݴ˴ν,,ȻˮԽԽá˵Եλ֮
ʤ򻹺ã򲻹ħ硭ôƱػⳡħսΪս
òԸٵҲˣݵİԵ
սζ˭˭ӮĶ顣ȡꡱĻ壬ȻĿ£ΪߣҲΪⳡսƶߣ׶֮ء
뵽ˣλڿҪһΪħħ벻ҹɫ䣬ϰϰ˿Ƕ˿ü
ˣ˼ഥУοǼΪġ
ħ𣿣
һɶѣǳúÿ˼ֶѣεħ֮λ

ǲȥҲܲµʱ롣ЩĽܵħ˳谮ȴѡ
λħ˿̿ȥжôҪΪħ󣬿ʵϣ벢δϸܵʲô⡣
±ץסϴӿĳȣ¶жߣ˿̱ж侲
˵ʲô
˵£壬Ҳ˷ӡңϲǿսУʵжٰ
ԣʲô
һ㿴²͸һˡΪģΪԼʶǳλħ״е֪ȫ֮⡣
Ī⡢ϲŭ޳޷óƶϡֱ֪
뵽֮ǰйλħĴԣٿһ˿
ɻϲ
ǰīһΣȻƽīֻ룬·۶ֻһˡ
ԱЩǧˣһҲûп
ķӦʵǳϣҲƬ̡ȻҲֻһ˲ʧ㷴Ӧ˹
άԼڵ裬ܳĻصܵħ˳谮ҵȻϲֻֻһССɣ޵޲ţΪħ󣿻ħջسħұˡ
⻰΢΢˿ĵСɻЩ֪֮ȻûüˣϤĵڰҹм˵Ķ
Ϸԡ˷Ӧ㵭ˣѸħ磬պ顣
֣΢΢˭Ҳ޷ӡ
Ѿ侲ԣ¶ϲɫĵƽˣҲ̫ᣬӻǡ
ﲻ˻ˣⳡȻټȻҲժɾֻЩ
˼ˣûƾܣ̧ͷЦſǰˣζ˵һħãллħԲԲǻϲˡ
ϲ֣Ҳ
ӣ£ᱡĴʶ΢΢̣Ƹ˵һ˲ɢȥ˲١
лңֻҪ㻶ϲá
˵ţ̧һֻ֣ͷϣʶһ¡ֻǸһ£ٿȻסˡ
ҲӲһ˲
ֺܴſʱȫסͷԽԵľСɡȵ¶͸˿壬벻Ľԭء
һܵĶקסҪ
볤ڣֻʦųֽͷȻǣҲԴ
ǧ󣬸˸ҶϵԴ
̫ˣܵΨ׽˲Ȼʱħ徹Ȼ¡
ġ
Ȼһ˲֮ŭľȻֻôһ̣ȻֻϸܵһݾΥϤ
鲻Խ̧ͷߵˡ
ȫͬˣΪλǰϤļǱһ£Ǻһֲᣬۿӿһͣʶս˫ָ֣״̽ġ
ĵĴʹʱعֻɫ΢΢˰
ʱˣȥ
ʱͷϵֻµƿˣϵǹҲ뿪
ħ˫֣˵ţ·𷽲ŵһ˲ϤֻĴ
ԲԲлħ
ûƿԼĿ⣬˵ϣȥƺ۶ϲͰĽ
ֻϧߣ뿴µҲ˿̵顣
ţ߰ɡ
˵գīȳǰ̧οǵȻ򶨣ûκβԾ
ֻĴ
û˼Ӧһã̧˵ߣҲ·ʲôûв
ŵܣҲֻһת˲ŵķ£δ˷ϡ

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ħħħҪȢһΪħպ顣ˣħֻҪħһǧˮֻȡһưǲɢѡǡ
ϢһȻħ磬Ҳ𽥴硣
룬һʱ仨ܵע
ܸ֮Ǳħ磬û뵽յ𾪵ϢȻ̰Ϣ硣
ʵϢãԻᴫ硣񣬲ǼӿĴٶȰˡ
뵱ҹ㴫˻壬ֱӵʣ˵ѰѻԲԲ˻塣
ΪΣԲԲ׷˺£Ϊȥħ磬ΪΡ
ġ˵꣬Ȼһûнֱӻ֡
ٿȻס졣
ҵĻȥ֪ڶʣ΢Ƭ̣ЩʣһشġֻҪסԲԲҲǻ֮˱ǡ
ϡĺһȻһ˿ɳƣ𣿡
һΣûзϡ
鷢չڣԲԲȻסˣûΡħ˵ҪΪħʱ˾ϡ
ԲԲһҪǡ
˲ܳװ뻨ֿҲܳ
ΪԲԲԸҪһ̣뷢־Щ᲻áֻǲ֪᲻ûԲԲݣ᲻ûԲԲǵ
ʧЦһˣû뵽ԽԽȥˡ
ЦһҡҡͷĵסӴ˺뻨ԲԲûκιϵ
ǻԲԲֲֻǻԲԲ룬ǻĻ档
һ¶СɣĻҪĻһǿܱӻȫĻ档
ϵһ
ħ硣
뿪ڣͷѾȳᶨдһ˿
㲻ùЦŵõң˶Բߡǰȥ壬Ҫټղܻ
ͷû˵ֻǺȻЩ
һ̾ô˵ǲűЦĿǡ
ƭˣƭҡĬһҲ¿ڣֻǳڵĻƽʱ롣
ǴżίԹΪҭˡ
뱻һ䣬һŵȲѣҾƭ㡣
ֻɵȸֲ˵ˣǲ
طҲδЩ£뱾ΪѾȥˡСȸδǣĺܡ
Ī뵽˺ܶǰֻͺëСȸֻҪһ뵽ˣˡ
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ˣΣŹңѵҪΥ𣿡
ĬãͷŴһġͷҲûϢ
ҪʱͷͻȻֿ˿ڣϣ
Ȼһ
ĳźӦһáֻһΣ֣˼ᶨ
ҵĴ̲סЦһڿ˵ǲǾȴҪȥѹ
˵ƭֹһΡ
ϣ˺һûκϵûи߲¡Ͼʦ廹δȬЩȥ
Լ¡
ͷȻһɻȻվ͸ĿĿ档
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ȢħĹħȻ֮ͬǰе׼ҪƷǻħĻõɫһͷŶʾݵĲͬ
ʱת˲
գ뿴ȥǹɰûгԼ޵һҹħҲδ֣ÿնʹԼħδ٣ҲӰĵλ
գ˲֪ж٣Щʤֻգ治֪Լܲ
鵱գħŵƽʣ͸ϲ
ħ̵ź£뻻˻ħĻڻþдһ׻Ҫ
ȹҷڵϣͷϴž»ķڣϻžɵױݣһһЦǡ
еҲԽˡ

ħȿֺķţ̾ҲֺáϾ˭֪֮λħڶλˡ
ʱˣ߰ɡ
ЦЦվ紵͸ıɴͷȥмɬ
ϲ죬̤˵ţħһ֣˵߱㶼˹
ʱѵ
˲ˣǰվһźɫϲĸߴˡջһɫߣϲĻΧϲƺ񣬱Ӧϲ⡣
ȻִϲӣϷ·Ҳż⡣
ŵ˵ŵ΢öûƿߡЦȥ
һǵľԽԽֱֻһ֮ң
ĳϣ֡͸ĸͷ£΢ɼߴףҲħӡɷԼ֡
ָ

л˵


50 
ͻֻһɲǡ
ųɫ۵Ļһ̶ľ
ħ󣿣
ֻϺȻһŲɻ,ƲɵѸײڶ֮ѸٰΧŻħ
ת˲ѳһһ,û
ȡ
ӳݣڳĻ,þˣҲ׵ˡͿ֬Ҳڸǲʱľ
һ˫ӯӯˮԼɷܾȥôĿ,۰
Ȼһľûз㱻𣬻Ϊ˻ҽ
⡢ô£ħħˣ
һзʵ̫ˣ쵽ڳ˶ûзӦȻĿһͻִҴɢĻ档
,ɢȥ,·һѺɫĻҽ
ǻȼպġ
λþ˵һ֮С˶תͷһλˡ
ֻͣڰ,һ,Ҳδ
վԭ,ɫĻڴ˿ȴʧȥеϲ죬һı˪˵ﲻ־塣
г׳,š
Żվڵ,ȴҲϲ,ܿƵĺ,ҪԶǿƽˡ
Ҳ֪˶,ڰյֺȻ˶ǽڷָٿȻճȭ
һ˲ڳļⶼһ
һЦ
ЦλĿԼﱻһΪҽĺħ⡢Ǳ˹ȣŭЦ
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˵棬ڻϣûԲԲ˳ʧ䡪ԲԲ趨Ľ֡
ϱɻٻٵġԲԲȻǼٵģ
˾֮ʣѿǣѾԼҪȥĵطħ޵
Žħ飬ħħȥ޵⼸ǿյģ÷ж
ڶ
ĸӦƺ͵ϵܿȷ˾ķλƬ̣޵еһطվ
еһ˿ϤϢ
ָһǰһ˲ȻʣǰȻһ׵ҡ
洫ƺ͵Ϣ
ˣƺ
û˿ԥ̧ṳ̋˽ȥ
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û㷢ʵû˴Ӧڤ֮
ȻѾرգȻеڤ֮ơ
ħΪһң
ƺ͵ϢΪֻеʣյĴ𰸣Ѿֻʣһ㱡ɴ
ܽҵΨħˣҲλħΪҪڤѹأҪ¿Ψһ취
ңͿ̿صĳء
ˣʱ뵽˲ǰħµսλħսɡ
ǵڤ֪֮ΪΣദȻһ˿ơ
Ǹ²ԽԽɺ֮£һճǿƥ˭ҲħѿλħΪĽݡȨ֮ˡ
ˣħƽͣҲûɾܾЩˡ
ʵϣյĹ۲λħƵǿɮ޵ªĲħ֮ľӴҪЩź֮ˣҲδ˵κϲá
˵ֻǺսɱԼĸоȷʵϸܵɷѪȻҲ˰ˡ
ӽ֮ˣȻҲƶĴڡ
Ҳûʧ
ûдϸܵ
Ű֮㣡
һɱıûѪʵˣɷѪ죬ϢǸɾġ
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ɾĲһħ塣
ɫȨҪʲô
ܵľͷһԨһĴڡ볤һǼ䣬һ䷢ŹĻƮɢ˿Уɢ˺ڰ⴦Ԩ
£һô̵Ĳۡ
ÿȷǲ˭ˡ
Ȼ˿ȴͣ˽Ų
ȻˣβһתЦĳЦŻһħ
δ䣬өĻѾƮĵطճǸϤĸߴӰ
ħ
޵Ļİ£ɫ¶ļ˼ֲҰ׺䡣
ȻЦûһ˿º;ȣʵǲһССĻɡ
ħȻǳˣҵ۷类ʶˡˣ벢޾̣ƽ
Ȿ֮С
ܹһͳħ֮ˣᱻһСС۷ŪһʼûԼ
ĿҲֻ֪ԲԲˡ
ȻλħȻáܣҲûʲôˮڣ˴һܱǡ
ĺ𣬴ںڵķ˿ʺ½ǡ
ûжֻվŲǰǰΪҽŮӡҲ׻µĻֻͷû˷ڣҲû˸ͷ¶ò
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Ƭ̵Ļ㱣Ȼ˶ǰǸңɽӡң⣬η޾壬ûκ
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֪ǼٵģϲǼٵģ˵ҪħǼٵģҲǼٵģ๫ȻҲǼٵġ
๫ֵ˲䣬ͣһ˲
๫
δأδӷޣ
Ȼ֪ƭˣҲ֪ɻ顪ȻҲûҪǸ
ҲõķӡڻһȻҲ
һжǼٵġ
Ȼû˻֪ԼҲû뵽Żȼһ̣һӦǱƭķŭǡ־壬־ٴ
Ҫȥ
֪Ǽٵģ֪ⶼƵһУɵҪȥ
ʱڳ˶ֻžȣ˿Ǵ侲òǻ˵ħʵѾ޷Ϩɻһ
ֻǻյ̫ˣ쵽ڶ㳹״
Ψһ֤һеģһ鱻յһСǵ°ڡ
ῴССһ°ڡ
˫ۿһֱʵʼûİ
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ЦӯӯŮӣĿһѻ
ԲԲǼ٣
ȴһǳֵ⣬ƺָ
Ĵ΢΢˶٣ֻƬָֻ̱ˡ
ħΪʣôҵңͶ˰ɡǼ٣㣬𣿡һ䣬Բ÷ϻˣǼ٣ȷɡ
Цϻûһ֦֦ͷָ˺ħķ
һսơ
һħӦһá
л˵

˵Ķԣʯͷԡҵʱʵ뷴һԹеƣдò࣬ŬϣָٶȣʱôҾõ
кŶ


51 
Ǽ,һԱ֪
˵ʱʱ죬գ֮䣬ͬʱĻ֦ڴ˿ȴлҪ,ħҲû˿ˡ
һССġ
ֻһ,֤ʵ
ⲻһѹԵսǳƵƾС֪λħǺöԸģټеĲ²⣬һսû˿֡
ǡ
Ҫ֪Ǽ١
,ҪƳеֶΡ
Ȼ
ٶȼ죬޷ǵĶɫĻ֦ӲĽʯħÿһᷢȻ졣
̶̼Ϣ˱ѹʮС
ֻȻһ
ضɽҡ
ΧĺʯԾҵĻζ,ñͻ谵ĵطԽް,Ӱ˵ߡ
Ӱȴûܵһ˿Ӱ죬Ӱ,ٶȱȷŻҪ졣
Ļʯ,Ĵ,һĺӰȻֿ
һʱ䣬ط·𶼰
ʮײվ,ڱŵľ,ϲһ˿,Цһ
öЦڴ˿쳣
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ڣغȻеһ˿
봹һжѵĻ֦ûо£սָһ֦ʱϸۡ
棬ҲѺȱڵħ
Ȳ˹Ŀ࿴Ļһ䣬ֻأһССɱ֮ʵ˾ȡ
˵Ŀⶼû˿֮⣬Ԥϡ˿൱ʵʵΣΨԼ֪
ʱ򲻹ٸһЩʱ䣬ܶƾСֻϧãûʱˡ
ȻҪʤҲô׵ġ
ȻҪõƺͲݣħ˳Ҳס
һ˵Сţ̽Էûó湦
̽ҲΪֹˡ
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ѡ֮ǰ㱻ַӡˣЩӣ뵹ǻûҵʵʱȡ
ڣȻһ֮뽣໥ɾͣ˽һȻ
ͨ£ʧĽʵۿۡ

ΪĽ˺ܾãûĽǰҲûùȻҲȥ˼
ֱڣʵҲûĽΪûùжࡣ
û彣ĽޣܳΪ
ûнָս
սеԻƳɵĽ
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˰ǵ߸ΪЩĻܹΪǰѻƯɫ֮ɫҫۼˣƯĲһѽ˵ǽǸһΣȥûκ
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Сƺִܹ
СҲġɵĽסСʱֻȴ׹˸ǲܿƵĳǰȥˤ˵ϡ
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С죬۾תҪһ̣ȶһ˫޲۾
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վǰֻҪһ־ܽסġûǱˤڵϡ
ʦ֣ôôأҪΪʲôסˤúۡ
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ôǱˣҲûжվǰƽؿ˵֣
С뱾ģĴʦûиһᡣҲϥǺۣҲĥˡ
ʦ֡
ܵس֣Ҫ
޶ԡ
ʮδǱٲѧˡѩ˽ûһ˿飬㲻ϴ˵
СҲ˼
ѧԼģҪôôͷ˵ǿ
Ӳƾһվ
ڼ䣬ˤ˺üΣÿˤһΣϵ˿ڱԽʹȵվʱϵѶȫǻҳˣҲմ˲ٳ
һ仨Ķ֮ǰлɣδл
Уǵһؼķ羰ҲǴĴڡ
ʱʥһСΪͽܵϢѾ磬СҲ˲ӣѲ¶֪
ܶ˶ɻ󣬷ʥΪλһΪͽôʲôϢ
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ʦʦ紳ãÿһǿĴڡЩ˶ʦΪҪΪͽ
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뵱Ȼ
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ʦ˵ˣ츳ǿĴʦֲֻҪڼʤ
ңĲУΪҪѡΪ
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ҪѧҪѧúܺúܺãõ˶ҪҲƾⲻ䣬ѾҪ軵˵СӲѹᡣ
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ᣬ°ٻһҲܱ紵ԻɵĽҲᣬᵽз·һ
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΢΢˱ۣлһĵһ̣Ȼ̴ǣ¶һĨĵЦ
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棬ɫȻļһ̣ܸܵսСѾѵ˷ܡ
ǰ֮󣬱Ҳû˼ˡ
ųϮǧӰһ̣ȻЦˡμֶһõħ곯ǵӰȥ
һΣǶδ֡
Ҳ֡
˱ˣݱˣˣ꣬Щ಻䡣
һһǧ꣬ǵĽٴһ
л˵


52 
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Ȼ˿̵Ԩ֮Уֻ,ûˡ
֮⣬Ψһ黹һûǵƺͲݡ
ӯħأ֮ʱ֮,Ԩħڻζ
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ħǳ޴,ħĿĵط,ĶȻħˡΪ΢Ĳ֪ʲô£ֻžʧ,ΪȴĲ˲Ծ
ܵɾ޴ѹ
ħΪǿħ,˿ҲЩԳܡѹ,һɣǺܶ˶Ϥ
ǵħ
ħ˶
˭
ħ嵹Ҫ˳ѹѰȥȻ˵ȥæ,ЩԹ˲Ͼ
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֪СˣȻ޷ôĲʱˣҲƭԼ
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Ѿ˫ս˺˽⡣Ϊȷʵѷһ
䶼ȷŸ棬ǿȻܹƵ
ȥҲòҪĴ𰸡
ǡ
üšȻ˴˾ϡһ̣ȫ漴û˿ԥƯĻһ̻Ⱦ޾ɷɱ⡣
ӿĽ޿ײ룬ȥû˿ǺħٶȥǼΪֲɱУʱѷһҪ㿪һʹʵ
͡
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Ȼһ£ִ΢ɲһ١
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ԼҲ˵壬ڿԲԲĵһۣоѾ˻ɵӡ
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ôһˣ
̫ԸˣڲһҪ
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Ḷ̌¹ȥǧ꣬ҲǡȻΪǣҲǡ
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ŶŮִʱôһ˲䣬ΪԼУһ˻þ
ԴԴڤ֮װ׵ĸⲻΡ
ĻɽҪˡ
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κα粵ĻˣĴʦ֣ῴһֱһֱ
ʦȥΪġ
ɽʱȷʵһֱġ
ԸҲûϵӦ֮ߣ԰ֱһɣٿǷ
򲻹
϶ԹΣںֻҪűá
ʱʧȥ˼䣬ûзǰָġ
û
ȲԵģȲҲŵġԹֲΪʦ֣κȨѵ
ֻǣ뵽з߱£ȴûѰķŭԹޣһһѰȴĳȥ
ٺ룬ֻҪܻᷣ
ֻҪܻ
ǣһһȥһȥˣȥˣһǧȥˡһֱûг֡
ֱڣ뿪ĵһǧꡣ
ˡ
ΪԼǰ㣬ץססݺݽѵҲŵ뿪ȻûС
ϳ
л˵
С£ҶԲҡˡһflag˫ϡϣٸһλT_T
·Сҡ


53 
Ѫζڿ,䣬ȫζȻܺӣΪֻ,Ѫ֮Խˡ
ѪǷڵħѪ,üͷܿƵš
ħѪ˵ķӦƺװ׵ĸǰĺħȷʵһħ壬ֻһħ塣
Ǹ߾ھ֮ϵû˿ϵ
ȫȫˡ
ǱˡɫĻȾѪ,ɫڣŨصۺƻһѡ
ЦԽŨ·𱻴̴˲δ䣬ֻһֻƯ԰޳γ˼ͷĽ
Ϊ̫,Ľ,һһεѪ˳ǵ˿ڵ˵ϡ

˴ϲ֪ʱû˿Ц,һ˫۾,ǰˡ
˿,ֿһ۽ϵѪֲԽս˽
ֻǼϢѣ˵ʱʱ,Ǿгһ˲,һɾ޴ħӭ泯Ϯ
ǰħ,Ц˻ƴ̶,ԥһƳ
뱾ܵػػ
̶ɲ,ս±üǺħûйԼϵˣѪҲûֹǸҵĳ
ӡ֤ԼĻһ㡪ᱻˣֻΪˡ
ĹԽֲܼ봭Ϣ˼ʱ䣬һнһУҪСĶԸ
ӣغϹȥ϶ٸĸɾࡣ
ħϵѪ֮ˡӼѪʪ壬ĶǵûͣͣѸͣԽԽҡ
һҪķӣ
սָָⷢף£ûʱͷ̽һ˿ϤҲʧˡ
˵һһİ˼¡
ˡ
һ׵һһ˫ӣûеκů⣬ֻ֮ɱ
ףЦһ˻ƵЦ̶Ԩ
Ȼнķһӡ
ħҫ۵Ѫ֮⣬Ǽ侹޴ĽӰ£ԵޱȵС
һ·иɻɱУǵصɱ⣬ֻΪȡ
ͷǵ޽лҵ֮ǰѾ޽
ָ΢ɲĶ˶ֻǵʯ䣬վûʲôǰԭļƻʹ˷ط
һ˲ȻΪǧ꣬ƮɢԨ֮СĻ껯ɾɽŶѹ£ת˲ȫס
һ̣ضɽҡؾ𡣲ħ磬綼Ӧ
ĿǰսƺռϷ磬ֻʱġǷħġʧ󡱣һ㡣
ǽ֣õĽ޷ܾˡ
ȻڵҲò˶٣ľսپħס˲䣬ƺͲݵԱߣĻ£õƺͲݡ
Ҳһֻ̣ܺ¡һסħľ޴󻨰걻ƬĵĻѪ֯ޱֵζ
ûʱˡ
뿪
սеݣǷɿٴλΪĻ꣬ʧԭء
ʧɲǣǺħҲװ˻Ѫ°Ŀҵİڶ
һ̣˫ʢ˱Ѫɷ۾ӡСÿһÿһ̶ڸһħһġŰģƺʱʧȥǵħ
ɹҵƺͣǲ֪ΪԺ˫ڳԵʱȴϲá
Ϊʲô
ٵ뿪ħֳħ磬ֻǳ֮һʱ侹ЩãȻ֪ȥ
ӦʱѾء
룿
ʦ֣һˡ
һأϢ۳Ӱǰ
˷ҵ˼ЦҵƺˡϹЦȥƺĺܸˡ
Ϊ˽ǿջЦҵƺͣ㲻ðٻоͻӦǺ£ȻЦȴûЦ⣬һԼҲûвĲ
ҵģΣһۣ̾һ룬ڤ֮
ϵЦȻɢȥˡ
óƺͲݣǲݱۣüáȻȴ޷ӵڤ֮ԼѪɷ֮
*
뿪Ԩٴλָ˳ڰͣˣҲûˣֻбطĻʾŷŷһУһжġ
ˡ
ĻˡĻþΡ
ʵĻ꣬ǵļƵƮϡȻվԭأ֣ܵؽס˴ǰµƬɫĻꡣ
Ưɫۣ·Ÿժһ󣬱ٻ֭
ɫĻ֭ʪָ⣬΢΢⡣̧մŻָ֭ԼĴܶǰһһ˿Ϥ
ϵ˿ڻѪϲʪ͸ˣ¶Ұ׽ֽȻδ
ϸƷǵĻ֭鲻Խر۾Σỽһ롣
ֻԨгҲûκλˡ
һἫİܿû˺ХķУ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãⶨƵĴȻһ£ͷ˹
𣬻黨޺ˡ
Լʱ䣬㴫˺Ϣûô졣ǻ黨ͨûٹȷʵ죬˵Ƕһ޶
ʱү˲Ҫ޸ȻҲסΣȻӦ޸黨ȻţŮβûи˿档裬Ȼ
ԭ£ȻЩ
ȻҲµһ㡣
ǰٲǵýȱĻ黨һκֽš
Լһ¶ѣȵԣ˰ûƽЩգõԼҪĽ
Լʱǰ˺ܶ࣬ǰ̫ӵĹ͡뿪󣬰̫ӱȰ˸á
˵׷ˣǲ±ѽҹ̫ӵѶ˲Ǻܲӿٶȣ޺û黨㲻ĲҲܱǵ̬ȡ
Ҫͳһݣǰ塣ɲҪͿȰҰģ̫ӵǿøڵƣݣҲϽơѵǰΪݵĵʯ𣿡
µĸףҲǰȢʵ˼϶
ȷʵ谮ŮλһΪѪȴҪݡ
ƺѾͽ⣬ȣŮû
ݴӲֹ½Ӵ󷽣Ҫǰˡ˴ΣĲ֪µ˼ݵĻǸԼС
ˣ˵Ȼڱסô˵¶ŮȻкô
ɣҲûʲôʧϾϥ¿ɲֹһӡ
ң鲻ɹŭҲֻǱʹ߰塣ֻҪһԹ߾ˡ
ܳΪһ֮ȻɵֻǱҰĺɱΣԲźЩ侲ӿȰȻʶ˲ԡ
ΪŤת棬ҹЪ˾޴Ĵۣǰ޸˻黨
ΣǰҪ󣬶ǻ¡
֪кδ㣿ȡ͵𸮣ͷƵǫ֮ͣǰ˲֪١
۾
ʵѾòϻ黨ѾҵĬһǳһ䣺ȡ
סھĿڣ뵽˻黨еһĻĻָƣϱӲߣȻһ
ϲֹ飬л͵塣Сţ𲻻Ϊɱ޹ġ
Ҫɱ˭ܵסҪɱỹ⾰
ǰ㱿ǸԲԲСɣʻλ̬ǧľȫһƶ˵Щ
ԲԲ۾ģǰصغϡ
ҵĴʦõĴʦ֣õˡվǰЦĨۣ޴
ʦǺˡ
֪ΪǺ˵Ĵʦ֣Ǹ֣֪õĴʦʵǸƭӣħģħ
֪ٹãġˡʦֱΪΣа
һգ֪һֻô
ָһٿȻΪ촷ۣ¶һű˪̧֣ıơðźɫѪε˿ڡ
˭ţԭϵ£ʳ̻𡢲µпѪͼ´ҵħͬһˡ
֮һֻħҲˡ
ɫħѪΪ֮ʱֹסҪȥĶȷʵǹԼˣħѪĻɡ
֪ԼΪʲôҪֻǱܵҪܵزģϡ
ʦˡ
ĴʦǴˡ
֮ԣڶȴ
һֱ˵Ǹɵӣʵ֪СʦĹ
ϳȻҲϳҪƭʵ̫ˡˡ
Ц˴ʱۻȻҪĴʦ֡
ǸΪǺ˵Ĵʦ֡
ԨеķһֱδͣûЩƯĻ㱻ûڰԨУҲûһ˿ɫ
˱ۣһӣֶһߣת뿪ҡ
μħ
ճ߳޵ǰ˲ħ塣
Ĺ֮ǰ̧ͷǰħȻҲϵˣŵŨصѪ
жһݣǺħжôǿ󣬶˾ħ
뵽Ǿ޴Ķﶼ΢΢жɻֻԻɢźħ˸ʡ
ĬƬ̣Ķ˶٣ʵħ䡭𣿡
ʵʵòǷϻϾﶼûˣ仹ô
Ȼ⻰ħȻһֻۡһ䣬ͷøˣﰵڣԼΪʲôҪһʡ
ԼﵱԼ汻ǿˣһǺ¡
ħʱ鶨Ȼܲá

ף
һԵ̧ͷħȥֻɫ۽ڷȾѪҲѿ
ԲԲǱӣһ㣬ܸı䡣ħƽ˵ţƺֻǳʵ㡭ˡ
֪ΪĴƽĻвľִֺƫִ
˱ˮҪԡ
ףĿϵϲϣŴߣԿ޳԰׵ָϻᣬƺΨŪ˵Ļ
ǡ
˼Ӧһá
ħϲλӡ
ħΪҲ֤ʵ룬ԡħδӵǼȾѪĻ
ϴɾ˰á
ħȲɽݻԣҲħҪʲôûУһѶѣ˱ǣڷ첹
Ȼħˡ
ѵϲǸԲԲϲһϲҪ
־òԾ
ħôϲħħˣħô侲ûȥħ
ǵɻĪ˭óħ򵥡ħħӴħǿƵ϶ħм˽⡣
ˣĪЩ˸Ĳħ
ƽȴǳŵĻɽʱпܱ
*
뿴Ѿѻ黨޺ˣ顣յ壬Ȳӭ˫ַ˻黨
ֻѺ۵ľӴʱѾȱ»ָ˹ʡ
Ȼ˵黨ŴϢȥʱˡ
Ӧ˵黨Ļþ
Ϊ黨ˣǿԿǸþģȻеֵǣǻþǱ˲˷ӡŲá
ԽԽǺ档Ҳ֪λڻþоʲôȻ⣿
ֻ˲ٷӣûн⿪ǵӡǶ
俴þݣջ
˼ˣ΢ҷ֣ս黨Ĳֹˡ
һ˵һСĹ۲飬Ͼûκξȡԣ֪˻˽˻黨
˭
֪ܿϧλȻܸġõ黨һ仰Ҳû˵뿪ˡ
ðЩ
޹ˣĪҪˡ̫ȰǻǹϹŰɡ
֪ΪΣһɽĲС
*
õ黨ûл磬ֻħ硣ԼҲ֪ΪҪӦʱѾصħ
׼ȷ˵ǵסķ䡣
ûκˣյģȴ·𻹲һ˿Ϣվտķãڴ˻黨
ʦ֣
þ¿˽˲ĻУıǲεΡ
˵ʦ֣룬㡭
˵Ƕʦ̫ˣǸСõˡʦҲ㡣
ȫĻͷ֮ϡżɣؼܵ¡
ǰãõĴۡ
Ķʦϡ
һֱǰΣȴ޹˼ɵ˽˲ĻһҪڻþ޳
˿̣ѾĶʦһˡ
һӣþʱʧȻսСͷٴȼһѻ
ѻͷ˺üΡ
ڳˡ
ǰѻΪʡ
л˵


54 
һ֪,ԭһգҲΪܵĵС˻黨ûٿȥ
˵Ц,Ҳηηβʱ
δ򿪻黨ιر,ûһο룬ֱһҲٿ
ˣȻ֪Կʲôã
Ҳ뿴మģ,֪ԼܷȥǷӦ͡
£Żˣٿڤţħ֮սҲδʼһжܻͷ
õĴʦ֡
һĽ̵ʦ,һз֮ʦ,ǶҪΪǵĴʦ,ӦףǲŶԡ
縸,ûвǵɡ
ӦǵĴʦ,ӦΪ飬ӦΪǾٰʢĻ䣬Ӧףǡ
ǡ
סԼ,,Щã,ҲֻĴʦˡ
ϲ
ʦ֮,һӶŮӵϲ,Ů֮顣ϲϲĲ
ѹĵ׵Ȼ۾֪ʱѱīɫʴֻҪһ뵽һ㣬ǰѻյøյ޲ҵסֻһˡ
֣αؽʲô壿ԸˣΪʲôҪȥʦ֣
ֻҪֻҪԼɡϲ˭кҪ԰
ħڹץһ֮ˡĵȻȻع
һ壬Գ̫˵Ҫ̣Ҫ
˵΢΢˶٣СʵħҪ
̫ӳħ磬޷Ҫ̸ħ֮ս¡ʵһֱһɻֻǴδ˵ħ׿˵Ҫ磬սⳡħսƲ裬֪ΪΣȴĪãħʵһ̡
ϾħҪ磬еӣȻʲôսƽ׺ķʱ䡣
ħô꣬ĶԼҲм˽⡣ħϲŭ޳´ӲԳжϣںս˵սãʱĹһ㡣
ңħҲһ֮ˡ
Ҳ˵ԼΪλ˼˼ĪԼĲ뾹
ԣħӦûλ̫ӡ
̫
ڴħŵɳ֮⣬ȥƽˮȴ뵽˲ǰħͷĲǵûɢȥһЩ
ħѾ˴˵ݣ⣬ȷʵڶĹص
䣬һĬ
ûٿ˵ֻ˳⣬Ҳ֪ȥãִ
ӿɺã
ֻû뵽ǣħȴһţ༰⡣΢΢Ƭ̺󣬲Żصлħģ׾һаá
ǼϢûٳ
ʵĵΪǸǽڣҪ֪Ǻ龰ҲѡȻˡ
ֻĳĬʵЩ֪ħΪͻȻʡ
ֵƬ̣ڻûдôһ̣ΪѾûˡ
˶񣬸̧ͷһŴˡ
һߴӰ˳
΢㶣һۣ񣺡²μħ
ϲĻֻһī£ϢҲո˼֡
ɷɢ˲ֱӡ
ۼħԼǰʱı壬һĶ
Σյıܡ
ʱħΣ֮УǷв̲ס¶˾衣
ں£
伫ΣԵĲͨˣȻһۣ᲻أܿ£
ﰵп࣬ȷˣħܲáҲǣϲŮûˣ˭˲
뵽гһգԼǰȥħЩ
ܻᱻǨŭԼһ㡣һ룬бˡ
ħʣԲҲػ⻰ôأ
ħħأۡ
ɰͰ͵Ļһ䣬˵ǰԲ
ع˹һЦͷĸˣг̾Լǲˡ
ǰҲ˵Щ·һɲ
ʲôҲѵղǻΪ̫𾪣һʱ˺£̧ͷħһۡ
Ȼīˮ࣬Ҳ֪ﲻõġ
ֲֻɵӣħǴ֮ˡȻ룬ϲʡ
˺һſĿİĻصżż˵䡣
ӵĹ뷿˽ˣǰ˵Щıٿŵħ壬ʱҲЩ˼
ϾħɲЩܻЦľֵǡ
ĲڣĿ־嶼ˡ
ϲ𣿡
Ķ̲סħǲˣֻǿûκ֮ɫ·ֻһʣʱѹ˼ﻹǰ˾衣
ħĪǸʧİ֮ˣ˵İӴԺã˵Ҳ
ħ׾ϲ
˵»ҪлħлΪ飬Ϊǽһźۼħ֮ǰ£ܲԲԼĻɣ
ħ䲻ˣȻϣܹҸϲ֡ħ壬٣Ӧڡ룬ħĳȥʱ˵ģħܿġ
˵˼˰ɣ
ľԼбҪħ֪֮ĸжãжôϲ׾һֻ£Ȼϲ˵ЩÿΣܻϲ˵¡ޡ
룬ֲһ䣬˵ֻޡ
һ˵Ҫ桱˻ûʲôӦһ͸ˡҲûƭħȷʵ˵⻰ҡҹҹ޵¡
뵽ˣľԼˡ
һۣĿźͨͨ϶˶٣ᱡĴøһЩеƸ˼֡
𣿿֮Ȼƺ˿ڣ˵ֵţױıġһգҪ˳ɻӣΪ
ģ
Ӷˣݺһ䣬Ǻô˼Ȼܿϧ˵˻ħ
ĸŭԣֻܱ˳Ļصֻܳȫ
ȫãһЩɫؿġ
᲻ҲûӣϲǲԸһ𡣵ǿȻῪ᲻뿪ȴ᲻ģˣ֡ˣˡ
ίί˵ʵ롣
һգǾȫģûд󷽡Ȼ󷽵Ҳû
ңǹ߻ǿȡħ壬ֲϲ֮ľӣƾʲôҪİŮóȥ
ֲɵ
ģҲðԸһ໥ĥԹ£ҲԸ˫˫ɣ
⻰㲻ħ˵ˣϾҪǷ޵ġһˣҪ⣬ճɾħɲҪɢˣ
ģұ㿪ġǲһֻҪҸұҲˡĳħһֲۣ䡣
𣿡
ǣնӦһȥޱȼᶨ
㵹Ǵ󷽡һۣЦһֻЦ͸żֹŹֽ䡣
֣صص²Ǵ󷽣ֻǲ˺İ֮˰ˡ
˺İ֮ˡİ֮ˡ
ظͲšĸ֣ظһΣȴǲԾļӴ
䣬Χħþû˵ﲻô˵ˣħӦá
Ҫ
꣬˼㱻ϡ̧ۼһīħѾת޵
ˣ룬һӦù˰ɣ
л˵


55 
һμλ翹,Ƶðħ׼ļʱ,Ȼ
ֳͬΪĸ岻ԡֲ̫ܳĶ,СԼĴҲ躹޵ĵ
ԶĬĬţԡֽĹâ£һƽƽĶ̫ӡ
ֱֽ,˳µðͷ˴ħ£ϸ˵Խֽ㣬쵽ĵһϵĴ¡
ԣ¡ħȥħ,ȴϸպħȢһ¡
ⱾǺ¡
ϾȢ޳ɻϲ,λħ鶨ȻҲλħȢȴһλ,뻨˼϶ΪλŮĹϵ,;ҪûɱӺ,ΣǶŹ塣
ħ磬Ҫ㲻,ǿ԰ˮ,Ҳֻ
Ȼû屳ͽɵ,ħһս,ħʤ,Щ˵кã
ˣǿɾʲôҲûˡ
ҪĿֹⳡûаյսħȢ˻ΪǶԣ㲻ǺϢ
԰Ϣ󣬸Ⱦ䣬Ż¡û뵽ǰ󲻹գ±£λħڻȥ
֪ϢҲ֪ϲǣһʱҲûøôħˣҲħ磬ǿһ°ɡ
ɽıģ˭İӣ鶼á
ȻʱǱִϢϿ£ֻʱ䡣޷ֻӲͷƤˡ
ĴλħǸʲôΣǱħ㱻˷֣ץ
ûֽİ踺أûԹϱݡɲ̣ڶ
û취ȻôҲ׸ӣҲҪ
ħɲͬһЩ۲ʶ̩ɽô죿
ǸΪ𣬿ˣʲôҪ
ڽһл˳ܿħ
ΪѲˣɸ͸λħȥ·ֻһ޳ˣǿһЩ档
ȻΪˣĸˡ
ܹһͳħħȻֻǸͨˣ͸ֻһԭǾ֮Ĳ̫ˡ
ݵڶ
ħǡǳʶʱλħ̬ǹϾħλ൱ﵹûٲԸ
·ûзħֱ䣬ĵ˴֮ǰħҪ¡
ǳİݽϡ
λϣӸµĿվ·ǹ˳Ļȣĵĵ㵹ǹԾ޴֪ߵغֽ㲻ͬ
˻էǿޣϸƷȴ̡
¹Ȼ̫˵ĺ죬˵ǻǡ
ħѾսۿսѳɵˡΪʹǲҵҲӦñֵ
޷̰ˡ
ˣȻҲòȥ˻Ҫֱ롣
Ტۣ
ֻΧϢȻһֻ类̩ɽѹ˫ϥһƴȫ⣬̾Ҫ˵ϡ
ǿ֧ţҲò˶٣Ƭ̣ϱѱʪ͸ˡ
¾岻ѣʶλħжôǿֲѹֻλ𴦸ܹҲûС
ħսӮö²洦ʱһħܹ档Ȼ֪Լλħֻǿ壬æ˴ǰʮ㡣ħһġ
Щλħʱ˵ʱ˲ôˣٶ༸ϢΪԼҪɿֲѹ¡
ԣ³ɣ£
µһ˲Ҳ֧Ųסǵϥ˵ϣͷҲ̧
£
ϷһĵͷһӦһǣˣд֮С
ˣлô
ϷһЦ
þȫ̧ͷϷȥȴǸ߸ϵħŪǷĿ£Ҳû̬⣬ƺûа壬С
سȥ
ȥݣҪʲôȻȥáħƵڰĵƽɫúõŰɣñһΡ
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һۣûʲôĻǲһ
Σվǿʵص֮ǰ¶Ȼ޲ǰ棬ɱ硣񡭡
֧֧һżҲãҲãΨԸƽʵǲˡ
ħкսȷʵռƽҲвʵûôâѾϰƽȵӡ
ħѹ磬ΪһȻ˲ͬ⡣
ΨԸƽظһ䣬ЦЦ鰮һȻõĶֻˡ
һܵͺܵͣ͵һ˲ΪԼˡ
ħ˻δ̫ƫġҲ˱ǿ˸۸µӣ±ƴ׷ĺҲᱨ˴˳𣡷ֻ֮ҪһţұҲȥһʱûסȻԼϣһڣЩڡ
ֻ˵˵ˣҲղˡ
ħˡˡ
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΢΢һ٣û˽ڣһ¡
عͷǴһǿΪɲ⣬Ȼһ˵ʵһûǳ

ôˣ
ͣöû˵һۣʵ
ûȫȻķſ˴ʤ㡣뵽û˵ԼɻԼָ֣ϲ֪ʱһѪ
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һ㣬̫ˡ
˵ħöԸΪ㣿ΪƮķشЦˣҲûСұƻţٵһʱٲұҪȥħˡ
СʦãɲôļˡѡصúúѡѡУܱħ
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ԣҲ̲סЦˡɲЩСˣ⻰ȻɬգգЦصǶʦֿɵðҺúѡãҿɲҪ
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ҵ˲޴󰭣ǳټնѡ㣬ľĪҪǿˡ
ֲҪҲǿˡҸղһսȻħҲȷʵʱЩģҲûм֡
ŵĻ壬ûشãֻ˵˼䣬ʱ뿪ˡ
Ҳڻ壬ڵ
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ٻо£ҲõˣѾҵƺֻ͡ҪƺͻȻòϰٻоˡ
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껹ħ硣
Ҫ׸ƺͣҪȥħһˡգΪָˡɣ˼Žôʱ𸮵ȴͻȻˡ
ǣĪҪԼʱ䣬ǲУǱѰٻоȥ˵ޣٸʱ䡣
߻ġ
Ҳ̫ԵˣΪһ˽ѵҪǻλɵ𣿣
Ƕߣִ򲻹δֺй
ҪǾϰٻоǾԲܵġİ֮˵ǰλɵȻҲ
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ϣǸںƺͣںԲ˻𣿡ʵҲߣֻһ֮Ҫ侲
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56 
ħع,Ȼӭ
ħ֣΢΢,ϸƷ·𻹶ֲ֮⣬ζ
΢΢ü,̲ס࿴ǰ˼ۡ
ڶԷĳ֣˶ûκξ֮⣬Աϡڷƺ͵겻ʱʵ˼ƽϡ
ţȻ,ħϵ
ȲǰĽţ˿̣֮վƵǺг֮ǰŴһ˭Ҳû¡
ߴ˵ļһɨ
Щǣǰ˾һ,ûлǰ޺,Ҳ¶ɫżϲ졣
תת,ע⵽޵оȻź,õ»ϲͬ
˻Ѷ,Ǹûɻ䣬ûнʵ˲֪,Ϊ,ﶼ
֮ǰ,Ҳ˻Ҫһ,ʵû뵽λϲŭ޳ħķӦ
Ŀ,ǰµ棬Ҳħһ㡣Ȼףദʱ䲢࣬ĴҲ֮٣벢˽λħ
ķӦĲ²Եø˼֡Ĵʦ־Բ˵Щ׼ȷ˵ʦ־٬֮١
ħȻңӦ֪Ϊζһʱ²͸˵뷨ʱҲ࣬ҲϷֱӿżɽ
Ȼ֪Ҫֻꡣ
ħֱӳˣЦЦĵȷʵڱƾʲô㣿
˵ľ롣ֱ֮벻ۣͣ
úǸߴȴԵô׳֥ħȴƽħһûѰħĴֿһһţжһɷ¡
ݣǷ˵ƣǸӡ
ûжֻؿǰ֮ˡԣҲżһЦ˵ҵǺܺ棬ħΪҪ˿һֻħιʵ˲⡣
ħֻҪɣ
˵ţҲǰ֮еǰ۵ľҲûˡۿȥΪܡ
ԣŮбⲻһŮеİȫ롣
ƺûз˿ףûаֹҵɬеǰˡ
˰һͷϣȴƾ֮ơ
˵䣬ĺϣǡǡĲϡһȣǱˮһ㡣
ĺ鲻Խ¹Ľ΢ɲĶ˶ôһ̣Ҫٳǰһ
֮һľҲûˣǰһ㵱һ𡣱һ㣬׽һ
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ľ룬Ŀ˳ޣµ΢΢Ĳϸ۰ļĵҪĴ˳Ĳ
Ȼ뵽˻黨УǶξӡȼһɻյָɬ
ָ΢΢˶漴Ȼսƽ˳ָ״ġʹڵһС
ԱȻҪ
رߣźۼĺ乴ЦϾֻ֪ƺ͵Ĳͷ⡣ΪֻŮأϧ
дŵĳֻ൱סߡԣȻҪ
뿪ڣЦأΪ̶ΪҪιݣ˵ۿԼԼǰǲǸʹࣿ
뿴Ǹ߸ϵʹӣȻ˳ۡ
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һƺܷ߼
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šüͷɷɱˣԵĳ
ˣ
ֻǸնһֻȵֺȻ˹ץסֱۣң
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ħףƽͷ΢΢һƫ࣬ᱡĴĶ̺࣬ƬƵ
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ħˣû붴Ҳδ㲻Ƿޡ΢΢˵ɾĳԼ֣Цһ䡣
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Ȼŭ⣬Щ⣬ʲôҲ֪λħЩϲŭ
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ħ˵ЦˣܺúûţҵȻЦ侲ĵħԸƺ͵ңȻҪá
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û£ÿɶˡȻǿΪ𣬵Ů֮вͬŮӴһ㡣
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ı˵Цһ㡣
һֻ޹ؽҪСѣħȻдõȨħ֣
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ҪʲôŽߵˣѡ˷һе̰Ҫҵħ󡣡
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Ȼһ˿ţĿĶǰˡӦΪõƺ͵꣬ͬһѪбħӣ
ӦôѵںһӦˣָôһ
ֻʮգʮյޡ
á
Ҳ֪˶ãö
񣬿ǰ˵Ůӡ
ħ̧СܲӣЦúǺÿҲˣҴӦҪ󡣡
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Ҫ󣬿ɵĵͷʱȴ˵ʲôܣϲƺŭ
⻰˵ޣֲǲ֪µСȻ˼ֻӦָҽ
һתƺĵҵȻףһħ𣿻ħԸ⣿
˵ģסûкڵĻᡣ
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˶𣡴̫ȣһ£ҪҾءһ£Ƿһ°T_T
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57 
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ظħȷʵ˵ġ˵ҪĶԼá,ⳡǱⲻˡǽô
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û˵ڵպǽ䣬֪˶,¿,λħΣ
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򲻹һЦȻ𣬡ֻСħѣֲ̿򲻹϶ͽܣѵ򲻹һֻħֱ
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׹ѹħȥô侲֪ûɣЩ˾ħҲûôϲλħʱòˡ
ΨĺλħħĵλҲŻȻѹħҪЩء
ˣضµˣܵλħ
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ˣҲһԣħӦҲġ
ңħħɻδ
ȻٲԥǵûΪħ޹Ҳʡˡ»ޣȻסһݣϲɻš
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һħǼ򵥵¡ԼıԴɷҲáħҲգѪж
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һǧǰѡħʱħıҲȥˡħѪͬɱԴˡ
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58 
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ֱߵſڣˮȻӴ,ŶȻʶʲôʱԭأҲһ
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ŮеЦԽ,Ц鶯ˣǴһ,ʴӡ
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ﶸȻһ,Ҳ֪ʲôһֻħԼ
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ֻվǸԡ꣬ںڵĳ˳ļϣβ΢΢ʪ⣬˱ƽʱġ
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֮ǰ֮ʣǵĻжϣҲáգǲϿɺãЦӯӯָ
ú˵
һΪȻ롣
뱾úⳡϷȻȴû뵽ϷȴϷһ˲䣬һẦߵĴӣ˹Ű崫ͳľӡ
ˣ˻˵ľ롣
㲻ģϲЩ䣬һ룬֮˲²͸
Ĳ˿ƺ鲻á
ֻΪʲô
һƯħһ绨ѩ£ѵ˳ΪҪ
ϢйδӲ˵һ䡣գգۣӦǰһת˲ûӰ
ֱͷԡ
̲סüϵЦҲɢȥˡĴʦֶ˷Գ֣Щᱡ֮٣˵Щ٬֮ԡ
ħҪħʱ뼸ѾĻɣɷţôһɲǣִϸܵһ˿ƵϤ
ҲΪûаƺȸħԭ֮һȻԸɳ档
Ҳֻһ˲ѡ
ʦֱǶ飬ҲĶ֮ˣϲֻƺͣٳϹϵǼٵģҲܡ
һҹƽĹȥˡ
ֱħҲδһټϲȹһҹԤȻͬ
ħϲŭº·׽͸ˣľĸˡ
ʮʱ̣ܶһֱħУû뵽ǣգħȻδֹ
û
뵹λʵɷֻħ֣е׼㶼ɲó
һֲϲµոС
չȥÿյǳԺúȺãӵƽԽƽԽ˲⡣
λħĿĵʲô
*
죬ûеֵֹħǵʹħս˼㶼
չȥ綼ûʲôԵЩƣҲ˸۷׷ס
ǲӦսħޱߣʲȻǶ֪֮֡ԲŲһӦ
һȺ˻
綨ˡǿĺܲҰɡ
ħ룬Ҳ뷨ġٳûκλӦȻ˶롣
ħߣ¼Ѵ磬ܹһͳħͨˣ
ħսǿħսϣʤǲߡ
˵ĸֲ²У˻Ӧ
ӦħսˣݻħսҪһ
սضͿ̿ܿ࣬Ըħһսˣ䴦áӮˣħΪءǩԼǧ겻ÿս
Ըһ֮ȥǧƽ֪ħ⣿
˻һĴܿ촫磬õħͬ⣬ôħһսУħӮˣҲٵġ
ݵ·
ħӦ𣿡
벢δȥʹźħ̡
ħħӦˡ
𰸣ϲ޾ȡֻЩ棬ΪλѡħһսݵĳǸħս
ݴ򲻹ħ
һ㣬ףԼҲˣŲݵĻӦ
ʱ벻ֻͨĪЩ
ݵļƣȻ׼̡ȻսǱȻΪԼбʤİա
ʲôţ
ħ˿ģƫͷħ̡
ħħæ
漴õһĴ𰸡⼸գ벻ûȥҹħħæˡ
˿ԣûЦЦħһ֮æ
ߵħ̲ס˶ͷҲ̧֪ΪħЦŵģֹסĺ¡
ʱˣŰɣҶˡ
ǡ
ħûΪħ˿æһ񣬸æ˳ȥֻδЩ࣬Ҳ֪λӳʲô⣬һȴٳٲ
ǿЩССħħ
˵ˣħħѵּӴ˺ü챻ħĲˡ֮ǰħٹЩµġ
˵ħϲħҲ⼸գħܶȴطԸǺúźħ
ħʲôҪˡ
ħÿյʳħԹʣӵúܡƫƫһֱħʵ⡣
ȻЩħ󶼲֪ħܸħ󡣷ԴҲ벻ͨħԵɡ
Σ
˿̣ħгħ̱㱻ħ˹ȥ
⻰ħһҲ⣬ֻСĻش𣺡ħһ糣һһ׷θáֻǡ
ħ̹ħˡ
һȻԼȥģȴӵģܽľ顪ħϲЩ
Ȼ룬˵ħ֮ϢȻش漴
˵ǿĻµģƿ£ħϰˣ¡
֪ˣȥͰɡ
ħﵽһȻˣϵ򶨵Ӧһлħȥʱ̲ס̧ͷ͵ϷħһۣһħӵķĿ
㷴Ӧǲϲħ
ֻǼȻϲΪβ˵ħȴ̲ס룬ħħ
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ңôˣ
벻Ǹĵˣħ˼գħٳٲҲûپȥǳħȥй䡣
ӦˣսħΪ֡˵Ĵս󲿷ֵ˶ΪħӮղԡ
ħЩӣȴûϸħ硣˸ħ̣һ˹䣬ֻǷһϤϢ
Ĭߵ䣬תˣҡ
ħˡҶ˶٣ĽӦߣǳΡ
ôԽҶ˵ˣǲ۾
̾˿ţֵһԴȴļϣ̾İɣҲµġħ磬ﲻʣǰǣ㲻ˡ
ûжֻĬĿ룬ԲԸߡ

֪ӣ˫ǹִɳĽ
ħԲ⣬˵⣬ҶƬ̣ӢڳһƬҰģҪ
һҲħ֣ᵽħʱҲֻ֪ǻ֮ƣһǾ
վΥ˾ϵ
ֻħûзǷ֮룬ΪҪѾǿߣħݣǷҲûɣʲôޣ
϶׼
Ƭ̺ҳϥǰ
ˣε̾Ϣ
ֻһΣ²Ϊ
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ծ˲λħҲαݡȻˣ˳Ȼ
Ļ
˹ֵױһ˹˼ûм̻ħֱҹĻʹŴض顣
˵ħҲвٺܲزȻˣȻ͵㡣
ҸߣһְĻ뱾ЩִֻСȸģһȦˣиСҲ
һ·ôණʲôǮҲûȫСˡ
⼸գһ˴ħȷʵһЩԣ˵ˡ
õĻħ
ҵĳֵȻյΪ˸ֻȸȻİ
˵̫Ϥˡ
ֻȸ˼ϣͼ·ϣΪ룬
ֻȸǵôߡ
뵽ǰʦһ£ɫ䡣֮ǰϡһֻȸҲҪǰǶˣɶǰΣԸϡ
ѵУֻȸҲȲĴøʶճȭϻȾ˱˪
ħǻ¡ֻ¹ħ׺Ƿ񡭡
ڸʲô
Ļδ˵ֱ꣬ӴĻ
ħħѾعϴˣʱӦϢˡ
Ǹ廤أ
ħǳԴˣ
Ҳǣ˵Ǹٷ硢һ˲š
ĸ飬Ŀһת̻صǻħˣаʱ˰ɣδ
Ȼδ䣬ǰȻûӰ
Ȼô⣬ŤֱˣĲ̲סС²ۣ㲻ͺˡ
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칬ʱΪұˡְ๡
ȴô룬ֻħλȻ׺쳣ȻҲ롣
ҵĳ֣֪λħкηӦ
˵ֻǸͨ廤϶ħԣô
ѵҪܶ
ʮʱ䣬ѹˡ
Ѿλħ֣ҪȥˡΣðƺ͵õ
ϲõĺģ齺ܴǾ£ȥһлոһƬ⡣
ǰ죬ҹҲδϢ⵹ҲûʲôɱͲҪ˯ġ
ֻһζȴʲôûзЩи
ҹڣһЩҲһЩ˯⡣
ңѵϨ˰ɡ
ǡ
Ӧһһĵ˲Ϩ˺ڰ֮С
ĵƹӳ£ĺڰ·ҲȾ˼
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ĵƹӳ˽ǵߴӰϣĵ¶˼ֹܺɭ
δֵħ
üͷ΢ûжֻǹź˴󲽳
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վĿɭĿ˵һ䣺ȥ
л˵
Ϊе㳤̫ˣǱǸ
Ҳкһ£м£һͽˣϵ߳ˡ


59 
,Ҫħԣ칬У޵뵽ǰµּ,̲סħɲ,ǧ֮ǲ̫ðһЩ
ΪΪ򲻹ħݷʵ
ԣȻҳϣҡͷޱߣֻǵʲô⡭
õ,׼˵ˣ¶һĨڱصõЦİɣսֻһǾǣӮ
֪Լ׵,˵ƶ,ʱ˼ƽϣѵƲɣ
̧һ۶λĸ,Ҳ֪ǲĴ,ֻոƱոǿ˼֡
˲ֱӡ
ƾǲλħ
΢,ʱһЦǶڴף
ԣݹЦ
ȷʵ԰ʱ淨ޱ,뷽ʥ൱,ֱӴ깦,ִֶΣ
뵱,Ÿѵ˼,·ɽֻš
ֻ渣ֳǵļƻӦҪɽҪ
ֻû뵽˷̥Ҳ׶Ըֻش
Ҳûùδȴʧ䣬ѣ¡
Ȼָ˰˳ɣǵĶ֣
ʱħԣĲУԪ顣
һֺξһħˣһͳ磬Ϊָ֮տɴ
*
Ȼ֪벻ҷʲôʱǿǿģֻȸС
ҲˣǲϲֻȸĹķϣ
ǻ᳤ġ
СȸȻΪһҰġһ֮ĵӼߣ
ҲŭЦһԲϱҪ֡
ֲѹɽĳѸϮȥ
ѲǵССڴĿǧ꣬ѳʵʱӦ˹˻ȥ
֪ħ׼Ľ֣ȻЩľ
֪ħǿȴǿʵ𣡶̶˲ϢѾһغϡ
ֻһЦٿֻѪӿǻʹȻ˰벽ɫࡣ

ЦһһƱҪֻȸȻƷδһֻϸֱסġ
΢΢һ
ħԵ˴֪ʱѾߵǰסĹСС£ħҪСһʶ
飬ԽϵȴᣬָѾһֻҪһжԻԥĳȥ
ˣǰʵʵġ
֪ỤֻȸɵΪȸʱ಻֪Ϊλ׹׹˼ɬ
һ̣Ȼ֪ʵݣֻĿһ˿ʻϢ䡣
С¡ǣѵ泼Ұ
Ҫ
֪ʣ꣬µɫ˼֡
ĵͷЦҶ꣬ƶغġħڴΪҪҷԲдð֮١ħ˴ԭһΰɣɺã
˵ԭ£־䶼άȸǿĴƣְָ޹ʷ𣬷˵ȡ֡
û˵ֻȻս˻ӳһƣֻϸ۵߬ġ
С룬Ҳеϸ΢ʹ
ֳٳٲ˵ϵЦҲǳǳԼֻ֣ǲħյúܽһʱûг
ˣ⣬ħϨҪһܣҿɷ㡣
شƫͷҵң°ɡ
Ҳߡ
ȷʵħĶ֣ȫҲûһս֮ȻԸ¾һԡ
ȥ
΢΢ء
վ̫ˣѳ񣬻һ֮ɻסϡ˵С̫һЩҧҧаٰ㲻ңӦһǣ˳ȥ
֪Ǿϵ׸Ϊ֪ʵвԽܡ
һǧ꣬׻̫һЩ
ȥڰʱֻʣˡʩΪûҡ
ûеƣ˵졣
վǰǿжȸĵǺ͹ģԸΪȸԼļƻϧԼ׼֡
ֻȸбҪ
ѽǧ꣬ͣ壬Ҳ游ˡȿ˿ڣţֻǻļ̣еĲʵʡ
㶣Ƭ̺Цħ˵ǣֻģУˣҲҪŵС
⣬ӦǺ¡ﻰҵάĻȴյԽԽҪվǡ
СƲסԼĶ⣬Ц˵С֪㵱ʲô
شŭ˷Ƿ֮룡·ϣ
ħԣɫҲ鲻ãҲûǷйĵ㲻ż˰һ棬ƾжϣҸǧ꣬ʲôˣұ
ħ뷢йĻҿԷ
˵ţҪܵƣȻδ˵꣬קסһۡһҪǴά˵˳
һʱ죬û뵽㶯峯ǰȥۿűҪ˵ĻüһšһתһһӲǳԼ֣Ҳ˵ľ롣
ħҪʲô
ǳáܣ㵽סȻһ⼸յĵȴ̱ؽǰΣ
ӿٻȴǲܵġ
ͲǵˣӲʱ򲻹ѵ
ħҲ֪ƺ֣֪ƺ͵걻˵ưո𣿡
ӲԽ֮ˣ֮ǰûȥѰʦ֣ѡħ磬Ϊлɡ
ħȻǴʦ֣ôĻȻûˡˣȻ԰ƺڸߴʦ֡
Դʦֶƺ͵⣬Ȼ
˻һնȻ͡ħƺӲһ˲͵վԭأûκζ
˼ħкηӦʱȴһǿ
Ǳħ󡣡
Ĭκ󣬺ħȻ˵һ仰
ɻԽŪħ˼߳ŭ׼һˡ㷴Ӧ
˵Ķԣƺ֪ͣƺ͵ڱȻưոݡԶˮȲ˽ֻɲ
⻰ü΢ħʲô˼
ʱֻɢ
ħЦЦ˻ƣһľķ񣬡ʱ˵ĵ˭
ǣ޹ңҲް˵λ𣿿ңôƶ򲻹

ɫ׳
ħ棬ûκЦ֮⡣ǹŻҲðա
ˣЦһֻû˿Ц⡣ǰôˣʱħ
Ȼˣֺαع˼ôࣿ
Ҫ
ȻˣΪλҪߣħ
ȫȫͬˡ
Ҫħ޵ҲħҪѹ̰ħͲһˣȻҪʲôӡ
ħ㻹ǵ뱾Լɣɫڳף˿꣬ϲҲóˣ𣿡
ɫõЦ
ʱˣħǷˣζ
ħʲô
˷ޣȻҪŶԡ
ħ󣬾ްɡ
߽룬ĿĿȻɫ԰׵ָţ˷ܡ
л˵


60 
С,ߵˣҲ
˭Ҳû뵽ͻȻ˵Ļ
ȻʮԼ,ձܶҲѾ˾պʮյ׼Ҳδħϲ
Ȼʱ,ħǸԼ
뿴ǰˣͼ²˼Ȼ̧һ˲ϵһ˫ޱ۾
ġ
뷴Ӧ˵⻰֮,ǺħѾԹ˴齣б棬ؿħɣˣ
˵ļ϶,Ѿ,¶ѩ׵£һ׼޵ģ
ѵЩﻢ¡
յԼӦµ,ʱ,Ϊħͼ,Բδİʮշ޵Լ档
ٳûзӦڴϵһѣ˵,ʱҪֻɢ
δ,һɫĹĴ,ƺ͵꣡һ,û,ֻħ㵽ʲô
ԣֻѩµЦһڵգ¶һ֣ȴĿĻȡ
ʲô
ħЦЦƻս
ɫʱˡ
ס֣
Ҳ̲סֱӳħ˹ȥҪƺ͵˲һغϣֻʱ˭Ҳûκ˭
ƺϵĶûжȴȻקɫĹʱɢˡ
ɫƾˡ
˵ˣСС볯Ȼſ˫ۣһƣħѩӦ֪ɣ
ЦںڰＫ̶һһ㣬ľ
Ҫ
һ֣
ȥƶ˾ͷŵάƣϾĿ
Ĭ˼ϢʱҲЦһħҴһˡһôãǵһ˸вҡܿϧ˳Ӳƽϲв
ʵǰħĵһգħ£Ļͬ⡣
֮ǰ˵λħҲǼƷһ¶ˮԵҲϵ
ǵĽס
ҲԼԿ֮Լеãһħ磬ǶŮķ䣬񣬲Ƿˡ
ˣ׵Ȼ
ֻǿϧˡ
ЦҡҡͷɫȴǼ棬û˵ѣǳӲȻôҲ˸Ӳ
ҾȲ뵭ұһ
ЦȻֹ
һ䣬ľĶô⣿һ𣿡
˵һ䣬ϵƶȻǣĶ˲˱
ǱһݽѾǿڿ˵ҪŮӳ˹ȥٶ̫ˣ쵽ʱӦ
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ħħӲĿʯ죬ⷽƣּ˸󷨣Ʋˡ
˿̣ǽڱǲǣȻǵĿ
ǼѸ˲ΧסǰˡҪƿ˽ȻǣǱȻ쳣ļӲ˰˳Ҳ˿δ
ôܣ
ӲľҲܵסһ΢΢ʧƬ̡
Ҳһ˲䣬ϢѾǰ뷴Ӧһֻ纮ĴٿȻס򢡣
ҪѣȻ·Ҳһ쳣ļ̣һʱѲ
ô𣿡
ѩҪ䣬ϢȴǷҽ̵ˡ
ΪһֻΪֻҪܾǣ㶼ȥѹúܵͣ˻ƴ̶ǡ𣿡
Ǳŭϯ˶ûϾ֮С
ھҪ룬˫ڲԨ۾΢΢㶡
Ϊʲô
㡭
ֻǲŸ˵һ֣µĻȻ˻ȥ
ϴľʹ
ߴ˺Ȼǰ㣬ͷݺݵҧס۵Ĵҧúڳͷһ̣ΪҪ
ɲǼ䣬ʺѪ˿˳˳˽ĵط¡
ٿȻ۾
⣬ĶҲʱоķɫ䣬Ҫȥ
ȻնһǰĳٿȻˣǧ˷Ϯ
⾹һ󷨣סҵĽŲҪݣȱ˴
ǲ䡣
Լ䣬˻Ƶ˰۾ôһ˲䣬뾹ȻΪǰں¡
ʲô

֮޹ʣ޾죬ǻкιϵ
һۣҧһڡδ˸Ҷ£̲ס˻һüһ
ֻҪϢܽȻ˿ֻ̣ϵ㣬ʩΪ
һȴǸӷ
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ݼʱȫѪζ
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ϣ㡭
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ټϲУֻһǳĺӴϴ̧ͷ㿴˴ϵŮӡ
齺ܴ󣬵ֻһǣ˯ĺۼ
۰۵һٺع⣬ɫˣԽʤաۿȥ·ֿ˵λ޹Ů
ҵĽŲȻסɫѿ

ֱҲŶȻع첽˴齱ߡɫѿ˫ճȭƶڲ
룬û¡
һӣ̾ˡ򴽣ɫǺܺã侲ٴǿһΣ
ŷܽӲǱ˽ơ
ϣô£ãʶ˿ֻɫɽ͡
䡣û£Ӻܽˡ˵ˣôҹǱħñסûѣ˾ָ䡣
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֪ΪΣֻͨĶ䣬ɾǱһ㣬ʱѡ
Ǵδֱ˷˼
Ҳһʱ£û뵽ħֶΣ̫ˡȻҪǿн⿪Ҳûа취ֻδ˵Դ
֮ȻԥҹδǸ˵ϸܵɱ⡣
뱾ܾ˵׼ǿҲûʲôԥˡȻû뵽ǣ˷ſ
ŵ˴ϣȴʲôҲûֻԱߡ
Ϊѣ˷ظ˽
Ǵϵʹǰ飬ΪߵǸǫ͵ľӣΪϲ
ʲôҲûзֱʵһƳߵˡһۣĿ˵Ĵϣͣá
ﰵ߾裬ΪҪ֮٣ȴƿߡ
úϢҹ㡣
˵գ뿪ˡ
䵭·ҹǸϢ˲
ָָɣ벻ḧԼĴʣǵСȻȬˡ
䣬ƺܸܵǱҧƴʹ
ϣ
߰ɣȥλħعµջ֣侲˴
΢΢ɫ
߱ħҲûҵǸˡħ˵ħû˭Ҳ
ҪʱȻˡ
ħżħǰ㰮Ȼ᲻ġܿġ
ϵĻص
ƫͷһģôó۵ģֻǻߣ˻ȥ
̧ͷ˿ħ죬ɫްһֻ̣룬ʲôܼӲҲƲ
ؼӲĶʲô
л˵

쵽һ߳ˣغúԼֻֻ֣Ҳ಻ҪȿһŻͽˡʯͷĿ׷·


61 
ȥ,˲
չȥȴ֮ǰһ,ûʵ١ΪǲȬ,Ҳ޽չ
ʦ֣ôˣ
嵽ô£
뿪ڡ
ԣɫ΢΢һͣЦ⵭˵,ΪҲá
ġ
ȻסˣǱҲûҪˡ
Ҷһ꣬Ѿ㹻ˡʣЦŵҲȾ,ұӦǻϵġ
ǰ,һͬǰģΨ漣˳Ϊض,ӦʦʦͬĽ,ʵȴ,ţΪûȥġ
˭뵽µĲʵһӲдӱʱص벻֪,һǰĵȴʵ
ʦֵսԡѪս,Ϊ˫,ȴ;ӱ,صĳ衣
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ȻˣΪƽȬģ෴Ƹˡ
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֮ǰ֪Ƽûε״̬ȻһСܿسȻҲܿ
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ҪֿȻϵķӦȸ˽ƣ޷
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һģʯͷ׷רĴŻʮ֣ǧˣ˳İɹ


65 
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66 
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67 
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˵̣ӶôˣȴǸԵģȻܲ˴˵衣
˼ˣҶƬ̣һ䣺￴ȥôá⻰˵ѷǳίˣֹǾ񲻺ãмַ񲡣
λǸߵġΪŮޣӦ¡ֻϧλã˸ӣǵñ
֮²Ǵδõǵõʧȥġ
ԣ½ʺü΢ʵأ
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ЦûӾȻӪ˵жôӡ
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οӱŲ֮УڹУǱ֮
Ϊ֮ĸӵĴʺȻֵ֪ġ
ʺʵ֮ˣԴӵ岡ĶŮõĴ
ţȴӰԼıԣûȥܡ
ڹж꣬ѲĴ½ҵŮΪŮҲðաңĸӻ
۷ǳǵգ֮֮λҪһԭ򣬱һõ
ˣܵȵ۵ӣӶȵڶӱӵĲ֮ǵΪǶӵĻʵľ۴ʦ
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в֮ߵýˣȻʵ۵ĲϲǱ֮˱ܳû
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ڰն˶٣ƺµջ֡
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68 
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һֱ,ɿݵģʱʹѡ
С,û£ϱ١һСʹĴˣһƬľǷ·ܲʹ
֪޾ϴй
ʵúò,һŮҲҸʵޡȻ乬ѿòˣһһӡ
òײ˻ʵ۵Ĵ˵Ļ,֪˷СۿҪ֦ͷ,Ϊɥȫˡ
ǵûгΪϽ乬,ʵ,޷Ļ,ĸܸģ
ִ̫ˣϿʼ־,һŮˡһȫڶ,ʱ,ֺɫ,һ,ͺ޲ôӡ
һ㡣
ʺʹͷǵûϿģԹŭʣ
С֣㶼㣡صкϣŭҲģЩҵġ㣬㺦ң
кϰһ㣬޶ԵĽ塣⼸ϷȥЩСӣҲѼסˡ
һСļԺܺãϵһʱסˡ
ʱꡣ
Ҳϵһη裬֮ѹֱʹޡʪ·ȥǳѹΡ
ǿ޹֮ʲôҲûб䡣ȵַǻٵѹҲٱˡ
ֻ俴һۣתԼӣҲûӡ
ϴ󣬱ײײ뿪ƺʺʹʹ̼ˣﾹɱ⡣
ԣֻҪˣҾ뿪ˣ뵽ʲôõĶЦüϡóյļòֻҪˣҾܻȥˣϲңϲҵġ
ţ۵׵ķԽľʶĲϣȻ͵ס
ȥȥ
СĲӺϸֻɵȫסֻҪŤĲӡ
ˣˡܻȥˣ
кɫϣȥΪˡȻǱ˫͵۾ȴûа־塣
ֻ۾ؿǰŮˡ
ĸҪ
ûκη
ԽԽ˳ûʹУ已̥˱Ҫܿоˡ
ֻҪٹϢӦþͻֹ᳹ͣ˰ɡ
˰ںҲûκˡ˴ϣ΢΢ƫͷⴥһƬĺ졣
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Ưůͣϵ̫ҫۡʵһҲϲҹ
գգ۾ݹ᾵ֺȻץסӵϡ
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ԶĴϣ죬ĺʵĿ׽ĸӣȻһ̣֮ȴȳ˻ҪԶ
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69 
ղ,ǸһЩûжѪɫںö١,üĲԾš½˼Ϳ첽˹ȥ
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ĬĿԼݹ᾵սһΣϵѿȥöˣٲ֮ǰĳ¾ɡ
Ϊ,ӳĵӪ
뵽ԾϢͷ΢΢һ׻ֻǸСӣĸȥĴܴ,˼ֵҲ˵ͨ
ū澲μ¡
ʱ,乬ʳĹˣһ۱㿴ˡһ,æ
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Ҫȥӵ֣һæֹ빫˼ĪҪĪҪǳײǲá
Ӳ֮Ѿ˹С
˵ӲףѪ飬ĸϵǰҲûа㴥
ӻĸʬ干һҹڼ䣬޲֣ǸĮʯͷˡ
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Ҳһȱϯ


70 
½ʺĸҳж,ǰʵǳƽŵǻΪۺ󣬰,˻ʺĸҳж
ʵǳжǳƽ,½ҵӰ춼̫
½ң½ʺ游顣֮ףΪ,½游ȨƼʢ½游Ѿˣ½ȨȻû١
½ʺ֮Ҳεĳж½Ǳ飬ϱȲ÷⣬ȴбȨ
ж,Ҳ½ʺֳͬ½,Ĵ䡣½ʮ˾ս,ı,ʤʼߡʮȥ,󽫾֮λھУڰҲ
񲢲̫ƽʢ,֮⻹,ڵֹ,Ƕ仢
ֹƵƵ,߾ƼΪ,սһ
Ҳټɵ½ңȴҲжĥɱ¿Ҫԭ½ǿɵȴֲòá
½㾡ȫλҪһ߿½ңҲô׵ġ
ˣô룬Ŷ½Ұ½ʺĸŮ̶ȶܸߡ
ϲ޹أһвΪˡ
ԣҪţ½ʺλĸദ˼֪꣬ж࿴ԼĶŮ
ƽ½ʺᣬ¹ضŮΣʱȴִ
뵱ȻںĲ֮½ʺںˣѾ˵ǣҪ˵½ʺ󣬽û뵽Щȫû˵һڣ½ʺֱͬˡ
ĸĴӦˣ
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½ʺ˳סϲŮ׽뵽ŮԭЩζ
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ɣȷʵ̫һЩϣε̾һǸʵʧҶˡ
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ŵʱ˿С
뵱ûһţһ߸ӻõòвˡҲ֪ʲôԭԼв̫ȣ⺢ӻƫҪһĸвˡ
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뱾ԼԣҪˡʵҲòԱվźĹˣȻרҵΪӲ˵ġ
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ЦһۣЦ糼ֳһ㣬Ѫ˵Ȼһ
⻰էûʲôŶȴһ̡ϾѪԵǱͬĸý
ĸðֳ˿ຣȴǷӶ겻ܣ𡭡
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ˣûٹעˡ
£һ¸뷳ա
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·跨˼䣬ԼɷȻһֻʩչΣ׶ˣҲܺˡ
ˣĳͷҲôء
ľҲ޷ɢĶֳ˼Σŷ֣ⶾɢ
ж̫ˣƳ˽ҩҲˡҪⶾ뿿ԼԼгɣȻܹڵĶƳ
ⷲͨߣǼɻЩȻҪǱһʦ
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71 
ûоܾĿ,קס䣬˲䣬ü,ЦЦ
İɣҲߡ
ȻԤеĺ,ڶ䣬ִ̣࣬Ϊ֮һ
⡰ӡ롣
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Ͼ˭ܰС롰ˡϵһ
⡰ˡΪλͻȻڻʹһвҪ벢׼ݳǰҲ˵,,ķǰ,κ֪ˡ
᲻ỳɣ
뵹ǲ,Ͼ񲻹ֻǸС,ͦ׺ŪġɣҲްѴ,г֮,ἰʱˡ
,ǻʮꡣĸ,ʮʱ,㹻ˡ
ԵԸѧգ
벢δΪͽתļ䣬ʵѰʹʦȫֳ
ǵãǵʦá
ʦֶаʦ֮飬ý˻ỹ顣ԣʦͽֲҪֻҪܴﵽĿıɡ
ûлشֻԴ⼸Ժ˯ãȻǺݣϵһѪɫľľģúãޱ飬˿ΪСȥҲмֿɰ
ʦʱģɡ
ͷһ̲סǰкͷ£Ҳ˺ġΪġ
⻰һľȻк⶯˶ɫ˱仯
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⵹Щ⡣
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ĿһĻĹʱ鲻Խһ½ʺҲЩȵؿݵкһۡ
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72 
ǰС׵СŮһ,ޱջߣ֣ת㳯ˡ
кҲû,˭óĮ
ֵϰλӵ䵭ӣƽ,ֻԹʱϵĮŻɢ
ˣ֮ġ˵ӿˣֻӼƧŹ֣Ա,Ҳû糣η幧
Լֻɨ½˼һۣתˣҲ֡δλ½룬ֱˣº͵ĵ½,ȥ
⻰,½˼ͷ׵ɫŻůһЩСȵĵͷԼС,
ǰ,ӡ˺̻ȥ,˼ǺȻʲôǿ˽Ų
ʵС,,ߵٿ,ٶҲޡɺ½˼ȸ,Ȼߵø
մĺǻ,廷٣ټϻҪԼıһ½˼ߵøˡ
ͣ˼ΣҲû٣ɫ͸ˡ
תͷؿС·½˼ͣüš۵׵ĲͷΪʵʡ
½˼˼У̱ܵʢͷߣԵӣæԱߵ֡ǵӵСģһֻ֮
ˣĲ͸ء
뵽ǰ꾹ȻҪ½˼ͣĿˡ
ȵĵӻҪСҲ֮Ϊλô½˼ͣѵΪ½˼ѪԵϵıã
׽ãӦ׽Ŷԡ
졿
죬³һ֡
ŵ½ʺѰģһЩԲűߡԣ˿̼ûзƾͣҲ˼
źһӣѶ˼˽⣬֪λǲͷˡλСڹºͻʺǰ˳ƢԺǹƧ
δæ½˼͵½·Զū澱߰ɣˣҲȥ¡
½˼СƽҲǽʳʵͦġ󣬱㲻ҪǱˡ
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뵽ˣ½˼͹ɵĵͷ
˿æЦŰţٶȹȻͿ˲١ˣϵĮȻɢȥ˼֡
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ӻŮ֮󣬱ҪĸĹԼӱŮ
ֻ񣬹ֻһλ½ʺҲܷŮסԱѼӰһ
ס˻һԺӣ鷿ѧ
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ղŻʽѧձҪס½Ѿˣ½˼ڼʰһЩʱ䣬
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뵽·Ŀ֮һֻ˼Ƭ̱ͬˡ
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ֻǣǰһ½˼֮ǲɢֵ֮ò̫졣
ڣȥ½˼͡˿ϴοˡ
ȻǰԵɡ
תˣ֮Ȼ໥
ԣûһȥ½һõǡ½ģʮ꣬ѽѧ
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ĵõͦ졣
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ǳˣҲһʯο½ֻʮ꣬ѾƵˡ
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½еĴ磬½˼͵ֳҲױ硣񲻵ʮߣȴѾھո¶ͷǣ˵λΪСѾ²پˣ½һͷ
뿴ó½Ϊģǹǫ飬ӡһЩ
ССͱܲ꣬ʵѵãδڡ
Ŷ½ӡ󲻴С˵ģ˵㶺Ū˼ЦŵԷƱͣ˳ɾǼΪˡ˵㻹ͯԡˣƵ˫ȫ콾鷿ҲΣʱɣҺڴ
Ǵδֱ׵Ŀ޹½Ⱦ˺⣬͸ˣҪȻȫԸ
һ磬½Ļ˲٣Ҳϵ¶˲١
˽֦Ҷֻ½֧εһ磿½ܵĽӦһģȻŴķ磬½Ᾱ᲻˵ˡ

Ҳ޴˵еİֽᣬʸ߹ţӼá
ˣǱ˵ˡЦųգգ۵ֻǵʱ򣬷ĪҪǸӡ
һ壬ǲĪ˵ʯĹСĹҲɡ
Уӡ
½ʱҲ뵽λ°ǵһν°Ѵ˾ǣҲҲš
ڽ֮ǰĸǧǵ˹һ㡣Ȼӵİ°ߵýԣ빫ӴĻ᲻١
˿̣˵Լǲӣʵ½Ҳô̶˵ӣ׻ֻϧδ˵꣬صĽŲĻ
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ӵ½˼ͺȲܡ·ϣʵѾڳˡҪһ½˼ͣﵽ⣬궼ס
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Ȼδ㿴½˵½ᣬ껹½Цˡʶһ㣬Ʋס˽ƺͼʡ
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½˼ͣûֻץס֣һ̬ܵչ¶½ǰ
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ſµ½˼˷ܵԴһЩɲֻܵñȽϿ죬ҪɲĲȣԳǰ塣ۿűҪϣȴѸٳԱһܿ
û赲½˼ֱӳǰ˵ʱһƬ½ᷴӦʱס½˼͵ѣǿסˡ
СҪһˤҲǶһ
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Ҳһ£æгԼ֣ܵ½˼½ߣû˵
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ǼΪÿģȻʱţȴûа͵˼ֻʶҪԶ롣
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ϰֲãΣյȴߡһ̣ȻܿƵľǰλһͷӷǳΣա
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ʱȷʵˣˣŰɡʵڻûŵʱ䣬벻½½˼ͶԲһ䣬ձҪʼѧˣĸúþһۣ໥֣ȡ˳鷿ҵ
˵⻰ʵҪΪ
עҪһģˣ½ʺ½ǲ½Ҳʲôϵ½İȻĺûᡣ
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췢лл֧֡ܿҪǱҪĹɹ


73 
մĹ,鷿ֻлӻŮԼӵܡԣ鷿ģ˴ӡӡĻλ,ҵá
䶼ǻӵܣվԻʵΪ,鷿ΪɣֱλΪף˽հ
˳ĦΪ໥ƺ⣬滹ƽ
˵ļ,ȴƽ΢ˡ
λ㣬˵˿Ƕûпܼ̳лλġһŮӣһǷ,һʼʧȥ˻λ̳Ȩ
ֻͨĹ,λڼһȵĻȻƫƫйճûеϻλǰ,,Ȼǵչ
ʺλȹ,ĸǿǻӣǸǹ,,ԺҲΪ󳤹,вǵĵλ
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ΪԷһ,ϧð췣ķգԼļԼÿɷ
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ʱ᳹ںϣκƺܸ޵ʦָϴħ,صһжԲ
·֮ǰܶǿܻ⣬ҲΪȫ׼ȴƫƫû㵽⡣
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½ʺĿŮ۽ǻµľӨƽ侲벻𣬾ֻɵɵڴߡ
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ⳡڣȥҲ졣ʵ֮ԻᲡǰأ屾ͲΪʵϧ
Ҫֻ꣬ʵ̫ˡʵ̫ҸˣҸҪĳΪ
ҩˡ½ʺڴߣֶҩ԰ҩͺˡ
ֱǰ뵱ĲޣΨŵ
ԶԶԣ㣬ҩҩͺˣҲˣһԣ½˼Ҳһ͵ͷ
زҲŵ̶̼գԲСһȦ
˿Ҳ½ʺһض룬һߴӻͳ۽ϸĵݵߵ㣬Կ۽ҩͲˡ
۽Ӽģ˵ĸΪģ½˼ƽǱ
ԼҲֻÿϧĳһ顣
ȴ۽ȫ롣
۽ܺóԵģģ𡣹㣬쳢
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½˼ͽŵʡ
𡣡϶ĵͷȻͲˡ
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½ʺһԣĿСϹŴȰЦݡҩ۽ָϸĲ죬Сᡣ
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75 
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½ʺ˲֪ȴĲϢ⡣
ԴվǶ,ȴһֱûн
˼˯ʱЩǵۣܿɡȻ롣
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½ʺˣ벻½ʺ֪һУ½ʺȴʲôҲû˵,ֻ֪
½ʺ˼,½ʺҪ˳Զ⣬ȴܽܡ
Ĳ޹,,Ǵʦת,ֻСĿܿࣿ
δ֮ʱǴʦǧ,̸鰮,֮ǻжġ
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̲ס˿Լ,·𻹲һ˵¶,ǵдµЩ
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⻰½ʺۿɬŬ˻ȥְŮĸ󲻺ãܿˡĸٽһ㣬Ͳᡭôˡ
ĸֻѡҾǶവһ磬ģٲᡭ´λעġ
½ʺ˼
½ʺųɻ꣬ȴһֱûšòʱ˼ӣǶʾλΪ֮йµӣƱػвǵĵλԹУţԸ½ʺƽӡ
󹬹ܣ½֧֣½ʺҲСģôవУҲˡһΣ½ʺСУЩס̥ȴԽԽˡ
½ʺ롣
ʱǳβزۡһȴעǸҩӣҩ벻ˡ
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Ҳˣô½ʺһֱԼĺһ㣬Сһ㣬ŮǲǱ㲻ˣ
ЩҩЩŶܣŮȴնҪȡֻҪһ뵽ˣ½ʺƲס
ŮѾˣʵǲðһ˿ա֪Щ˺֪Ҳֻһӣ½ʺҲֻ˽װӶ
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죬ȴû˵Ǹ֡
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ĬƬֻ̣Ƿס½ʺ󣬼ᶨĵĸһŬȥġվһĸŮԵ̫ǳ
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գһֱڼ䣬½ʺֱӰ塣
ڼ䣬նҪ½ʺ½˼ͣҲ˼Ρ
ϵĸףûаָ飬Ҳû࿴һעŮ
֮仹ûʲôŮ֡ŻҲ½ʺ½ҿġ
ˣȻҲҪʾȫ½ʺˡǾƲЩ˴ŵԼŮģҲûиʲôɫ
ǽᷢޣţȴԽ뵭Į֮ʲôìܣԽ͡
˼Σȴûһޡ˭ƵóԵۺ֮ص⡣
Ůǻʵۣʵ½ʺԿһЩ
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½ʺЦ㵽˱µĳңһŮ½ŮõõǡԸعһ֣ˣ֮±ǻʼҳš
ʼҳĸ֣˵üɫȻս˫ȭȴʲôҲû˵
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Ϊˣ½΢ŮԸɵˣΰ½΢ӽйȰǲϧΪѰˡ
ţɵŶԡ
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¼ȲԸĸŮǱǽӽɡ½ʺһΣȥͻݡ
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һҪ֮ͷϵ˰۹Ȼôá
»Щɣ׵ĿɲôáһԼҹΪȣԸҪһûҹİܵ
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ۻۣˡȴûлش⣬ֻһĹһ˻Ŀ⿴½ʺ󣬡Ϊ檡
½ٻ۶ôԸ˹һ򣬸οԼĽ㣿
檱𣿡ԣ½ʺЦһĵñ¿Цˣ֪֪ߵغ԰ˣ档ȻҲ˻ᵱ棬𣿡
ɫ˱䣬Щ½ʺӣЩѿıߡÿζ½ʺĿ⣬·׿µԡ
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뿪ֱ̲סǵ᲻ѱƵԽԽԶҲ˵ˣ½΢عģ˵ֻأǺôҲǷޣȥǻ˷֡
ͨ˼ұˣ½ǿƣҹ˺ǡƫƫǹķǻʵۡ
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Ѿ˿ˣ御ˡ
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ŹԶҼ飬һȻӡֵǹҪ磬ﲻ½ҼλСү㹫Դ󣬹ЩӣӵĸȻ㵭ˡ
Ը˰ɡ½ʺû˵ʲôֻ̾һԼ޵ֻüۼ䲻ǣԼŮԼ˽⣬Ըˡ
뻺۾һת˲ѻΪһӡ
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ʱҹδЪϢ뵽ʱݵкվƵ䣬ȥԽ¶
룬ڼŵ۾ȻȲسֻǸʲôȻͣס˽Ų
ĹâҲ·ȥ
˹ȥسˣæҪ˵ľ롣
ǻżܿ͵ض˼ӲĴ齣˳Ƶ
ȴƺûܵʹֻҡͷ˻ƵŬ𡭡ң
ˣļ΢΢һ͡
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76 
ݵкԭء
ӵһ롣
ܵĽӲ,֪ͿͷЦǺǿ,˵ҡ
Ŀƺݡ
ǰ,ɣӰ쵽أ뷲֮ܡһ̣ҵɻ֪֮࣬ΪȴĪЩʧ䡣
ȥЩ˵,°ûκιϵֻżȻ˶ѡĵ㲻ǲ֮ˣҲӰκˡ
˶֮ܺ,ֻǶ̫,Բŵó˴Ľۣ˻뷨㲻⡣
,Ҫ˵,ȴȲ,ɵĻѵЩ֮ţɲƭˣҲƭ㡣
𣿡
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ǳЦ,϶ĵͷȻ⻯,Ϊ˵ⷬ
,һ϶תȥȰǰǵã𵽷Ч
Щ˵Ǳǳˡңܸоκ
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ҲȻ룬϶˵εкڷ˽Ӳ壬ǲЩ
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鷿½ᣬֻˮԶ롣ֵʲô⣬Ǳλϡ
һЩԻӹ
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Ϊ˴ﵽԼĿģȴò½ʺĴĸġ
½ʺᰮݼڡҲλŮĸס
ԣ޲ޡŮۣ½ʺˡƬ̣վ᲻Ůģĸ˴Ҫñãòã
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뵽ãܵõĺôӱҲûôˡǸλϣҪʲôĺöûУ
Щӣ̽˲٣λӲǵĸȿֺ󡣱Ͼ˭½ʺǰһӮĺøС
йӣ½ʺҪ̫Ȼֻܷӡ
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77 
ʵ,ֻڷѣѹûע⵽Ӷĳƺֻʶصͷ
ǡôʱ,Ǽᵽһ˿ϤϢ뱾ܵ˳Դ˹ȥ
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һ̧ͷ,Ȼߵſڵһ㲻Ծ𴽽ǳ֡
֮ǰ˳ȥڣǵû뿪,˵棬ԥԽǣᶨ롣
ȻȨһס֡
Ҳ壬ҽ㡿
ӵҪ,ûг,ָָָֻ̣Լ,ǿȻѧ,ƽΪ˱鷳Ҳδɽ¶ˮ,ʵգ鷿û˱ȵ
Ҫѧ壬,Щʸ
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תͷȻλûĴӣʾÿ˶Ӽ䣬Ŀе
ƽܴڸмͣ޾ûаȴȻҲ̨
һͱưͷѣҲǰ棿ûֻϾĿ֪ߵغķܡ
뿴ôѵð
ңڳˣǶĻӽڡ˿ˣƱػϡ
ʥϳӣʵ޵ӣȻΪҪάԼΪӵƺ
ԳˣΪûУԴ˿ֻޱӶӡ
Ӳץסӵֱ۰

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Ĵʦǰ㽾ǿ緢ûбҪʱǴʦֻ
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˵ǣ磬ҲǹġΪ֣гֵؽǣҲ׵ܼƽС°ɣ
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λĶӡԣĿӣ֮˲佣š

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뵽˻ԣһ߻˲ٿ֦ûѸˡȵȾӡ
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79 
ʵ,ƾʲôʵۣ˵½ʺûбֳ⡣治ĻҲûʲô仯,·ֻļҳ
˴ǣ¶һĨζЦ
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½ʺ󵱼˼,һΣĶɱ,ֻ,˲ӹһ١
ɱǵһ,ܼڶΣÿһǶôˡ
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λӵ˼ȻҲ֮²ҪʲôȻøʲô
飬ʱ淴ñ˴˵Ĺϵȹ̡
ʵ½ʺԴ˶ô⡣˵˼̫ӣҲ޶ٲܣƷԸǲ
ǴֻǴ֪Ϊǡ
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Ϊϻۣ˴Σȫûаʯһϵһ
񲻹߰꣬µĻӻ¶֪ѾѧӶ̡
ô£Ȼ̲ǿȳˡ
Ҫǡ
ϲ
½ʺοԴӵֳʲôøУֻ֮ǰûѡԲŲòЭ͡
֮ǰδҪҲΪǸư͡
ڣˡ
ɱǣϻʵ۵ġ½ʺ󴽽΢ζ˵ɱˣ֮ߡ
ɫ΢䣬漴̧ͷֱ½ʺһ˿ƣҡΡʵֻۡĸӡ
Ϊ̫ż˵û˸ղŵ˳Ϊ½ʺܾ
ֵٳ죬ʵҲֻǸδûʲôʶĺӡ
ˣ½ʺ֮ɫȴǸŨ
Żʮ׳ꡣֱӻ˻ʵ۵䣬ûа𾴣ֻ⣬ڶ࣬ǻȫˣȻµĻӡ
˵ˣ½ʺЦЦüۼһ˿̣Եֻ򣬵ҪûкӣûкӣҪУܿˣ
Ĳһ˿ɱ
ӺŵĻʺ˿̷·ɷޡݺɷΪ¡
ȴֻƽһۣû¶־֮ɫ
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˵
ԣ½ʺЦ۽üҶá
˵ĶԣˣǴӴ֮󣬱ٲˡѶģԲжٸӡ
ȴΪںԴĻ֮󣬹б⵱˸Ĳ
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ˣҲһʵۡ½ʺ˼ѷ֦ܰ꣬ïֻ۵֧㲻°ˣοڶ֧ѵɱе𣿡
üͷ
˵½ʺ齣صȥúɣʲôʱˣұ
Ǹ˿ͣûټ˵ȥ
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½ʺĴ𰸣ȴ½ʺʡĬĿ˸λϵĻʺһۣû˵ʲôֻһ񣬱תȥ
ΪβӦӣӹϵãһ𳤴󣬸ȻūţӺ⹫
⻰˵Ļίʵϣ˵ݣ˿ӲǹֳĻ
ֻҪ빫һӵĿδˡ
ԣ뿪½ʺԱߣȫ̵ĸֱ̲ס˿ڡ
ӹǱȴӵ˸õѡΪβֱӦˣ
ȶĹϵ½ʺ뿪ķ򣬺Цһ૵ˣҲι̵Ĵڡ
ǰìܵ仰ɻѡ
˼ǣ
̫׵õĶᱻϧ½ʺĿԶģǽʳٺãüѲĹ⻬ǳǳ塣
΢˳ǣЦȴûЦ⡣
ҪΪҸĹԶҲڵ뷨þȫҲòĶҪŮֿɵá
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ԣһݣӦһã˳ȥ
һʱ󣬻ʵۼеĹˣֻʺֻǲʱ䣬ű˳ֱ뿪
˭óۺìܡ
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л˵
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80 
ۻ,һ⡣գ޵Ů,޲ܸ˳ĹݣǶԲ˼,Ϊףұȥ
ƣĿ½ʺ󣬳̫ˣ̫ҽ˵βˡ鲻,һƣû뵽ѡ΢쵱㡣
͵һ½΢컳֮¡
գ½ʺѡ޵ˡŵȻ᲻ɱԼİŮ˺ǵĺӣȥ
ʵ½ʺ󲢲ż,Ϊ֪,˾ϡ
ϵȨλȣĶ,ԿסİŮ˺ԼѪ,÷ʱ,˴Ӳԥ
Ʃ統꣬Ϊ̫֮λѡİŮ,½ҵŮɻһ
ܷ½΢һ,ȻܷڶΡ
Ȼ,½΢ǲԸ޷ݵȥġ
һн޵Ĵ,΢޹ġſ½ʺһ۵,Դ˴΢½ŮݣŮ빬һ㲻½ҵ
һΣ½΢˹ȴ½ŮݣһҰ帾֮Ĺ
ŮҶҲ˹ʵۿɲᵣϹз֮ĶҶעǻָ˹ˡ
£˶֪ܹ黹Ҫһ߲ġ
½ʺЦƳһ۵ȷʵǸȫĺ⡣
ۻۣ㲻ˣżЦȴ΢΢˳Ŀ΢û֮еĿġ
ȫкκģ½ʺ󴽽ЦȥƺĲ⣬ҲЩûнˣˣҲǺ¡²õģ檻ûôСǼ
Ȼ½ŮݣǱҲٹ½աԺ˰ɡֻǣ½ʺţǲĵΪһŮﻹһ˵λǷ̫һЩ
ݵ΢ּ޹ˣλԷڡŶ˶٣Żص֮λ㹻ˡ
ǰϢϢأ½΢컹½Ů¼޹ˣҲֻһССˡλݻϵ½ҵ档
½΢Ѳ½Ůˣ½׻ȥȻҲҲܲ½ҵˡ
⻰½ʺ⣬ֻĵ¿ȫˣԣ˰ɡ
ۻۣĲˣ
ѵΪ˵Ѳɣ½ʺϹ΢ЦһһٵĻص檲ˡ
ȴǶһ
ʱˣǾްɡҪס½ʺ֣½ʺȴƲǡɸ˸Լ˫ޣŵʱ˿ա
ɫ΢
½ʺûвֻ˸Լü䣬̾檽Ӳףź˱ˡˡ
˵գſڣȻ⻽һź¾ޡһ̣òĹŮ˽
ͷһøǻòΪޡ
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виλΪƾ¹Ů£½ʺҪôҲ
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أЦ֮⡣
ˣһ΢̧žµ򢣬ҿɻġǺܿµġ
вĳ˱ԼȭͷΪ档
ʮȥڿִһһһ˫˵ˡ
ſǰˣȴֻɺ
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½΢죬ԣӦó֣΢졣½ŮȻ½գֻĸ֣
֣΢ʵú˾һټﻹһӣһ˼ɵ
һ߲и֪֪ࡣΪڵĺãϿûôɵӣοں֮С
ǰصĺãһͱϣ㲻ˡ
˿ŸԸð½ʺ½ҲҲҪ֣΢һǼΪϲ
֮Уûеɵӡλ󣬶ʵ׵֧֣֣΢֮±ˡ
˵ʵۻǻ֮ʱ֣΢ʶ˰ͶϣֻϧΪȹ̵λŲòίԼȢ½ҵŮ½ٻۡ
֣΢쵽䣬Ҳˡ
θӦþ͵Ϊֹˡֻû뵽֣΢󲻾ãɷȥˡûٸļޣǴŮѾӣΪ
ڴ֮ǰ˭һأ
λȨصľɰˡʵ֣΢Ļãô飬Ҳǲȫǵ֮¡
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Ҷ̫ˡ
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ֻˣҲûзɶľͷϵ䳰ȷ˵Ҳ١
ǣӻӣɶԸ⿴֣΢ʵ۵ľ»ӡ
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½ӳ£½ұֻʣһڳеְֵߵ½ĵճӣαɡ
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һʱ䣬ͷں󹬡
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ڻʺϥ£ǰӣϱ֮ӸΪ
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ˣǲ°Ҳڣٹܼ꣬ˡ
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Ż𽥳󣬳дߴҲԽԽࡣλԼ֧ߡ
볯Ұйʢ裬Ļϥ£Ҳ˲ٺá
ųٳûж´ѡƺҲûرƫãóõˮһЩ
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ȱ˻ǵĻ¡
ͷֵ꣬Ѿɻ飬˵ԲҲֻǲá
ۼǵ½Ůá
½ʱ˳ãڣĹĥ伫ġ
ߵ£ǸŲĵ
Ȣ½ŮǱܵõ½ҵ֧֣ǵĸʣҲΪȢ½ҵŮ˻λ
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ԷĹ㣬ŮӼǱζѳˣԼ˸ˡ½˼ͽʮ꣬жѾΪ࿴ˡ
μŴ˴·ҪĿģȻ½˼ͼ޸֮ˡ
ĸ󣡡
ˣĸƣշöഩһЩǡ
У½ʺһΪУһΪŮŮˣ̷˻񣬳Ů֡
ߵǰס֣ϸš
ȥѾͤͤŮݣ굱Ϊ֮½ʺҲûпŮÿĹ
ֻݣ֮ͬĹüĿĲ֮
ŮѾҪǳˣ½ʺҲӿЩȻû󲡣СϣҩȷҪԵöࡣ
ĸĪģҲ䣬Ҵ¯ġ뷭䣬½ʺ󿴵ů¯
½ʺ֣ȷʵŷġ
ĸڿʲô
벻½ʺ壬㵱ת˻⡣ϵȻ
ͶˣҲ̸ۼˡһĸǲͽģҰơ½ʺָǵ½ҵ̫࣬˼ȻδǣҲҪ࿴úѡһǡ
ͷĸǵǡ
һΪ硣½ʺЦ㲻֪˿Ҳ١֪ҪѹŮ޸硣
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ѲǸӵ乬ӣݹأвпܵϻλûϻλҲǸүһȻˡ
ûãǲݣֻһˣҪ޸ĹҲ١
ĸп𣿡̽ʵ
Կһѣˡϵã˽˵˵ϲʲôĹ
˵ˣ½ʺѵЩ
ôЩ꣬ʼֻΪ棬Ҳ˸顣½ʺ⣬Ҳί
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ʲô÷ӣ
½ʺüĿŮ
Ļ£ĸҲ˼͵Ļ£ⲻ𣿡빴𴽽ǣЦ˼һ𳤴Ҳ÷ţ䡣ǽɷޣ˲ȫ
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⣬ǡһ䡣Ų٣ϵѹȻ
л˵

ʯͷԼģҪԼܣ



81 
˵˭˭֮ϣ½ʺһ˲ΪԼıŮЦ
ȴһҲûЦ֮,Ϊ½ʺû壬ǳظһΣ˼ͣɲŮò,ŵԣ÷,֮𣿡
½ʺ󣺡
壬˼ᴿƣһܳɾһμѻˣĸ;ĸҲòˡ˵ˣ뻹Щ,ĸѵû𣿡
ⲻӦð
½ʺĴϻۣȻ©ȫķӡ½˼ͳɻ飬Ҳ󻯣½ҽǺ¡
㵱Ϊ½ʺȻ½˼ճһ,һӵ,ϵ棬ϵ˫һҸ
,½˼˶Ա˴,˻е⡣
½ʺǿżӳ,ӱȷʵ÷ҲֻǱѡ
Ȼͽ,ûۻ軨ĵز,Ҳ֪ô֮ϵġ
Ȼ
ᶨͷ
½ʺͷ΢΢һ,ϸԼƽѩŮ,һ,˿ûЦ֮⣬ﲻ˿ǡ
˼ͻҪһЩҲŮˡ
ֻ岻ã½ʺ᲻ˣҲŮһʮȫķԲûż
ţⷽʵ̫˰ɡ
ϾںЩǰ£Ҳû˻˼ʹһˡ
½ʺѾʼǣǷҪǰΪŮˡ֮ǰŮ˲磬ʵҲ㵣ģǲϲٻһҵõġ
벻֪½ʺ룬Ĭ㲻Щż̲סһΣĸΣ
Ρ
½ʺҡͷ׿ɲǽ˶óϲ˼ͣҲίԼֶŮֻԼŮ²ģ½ʺû׵뷨񶨡
Σ
ֻ½ʺû˵ȴ˵˳΢΢һ˿ƣͬ˵ȴ˲ɺӡ
һתͷԴȥ㿴˴߽еꡣɫ£ĵüĿԽ䵭ǿ˲ɱӡ
ȥ乬СȻһˡ
һһ䣬˵ƣСټüãֻһ֣ȺеĽ㣬˲Ծע⵽
磿ߵߣȻ̽̽Ķͷȵһ΢ļüı㲻ˣ㲡պãഩһ㣿
һ˵ţһԼϵ磬ɷ˵ΧϡϱѾһˣʱټһ˱㵱汻
θߴ󣬷ļãٲСģһͷ
ϣֱ̺ܵʹˡ
һϵеĶֿȻּһ˿ݾܾİԵû˷ӦȻϢȫסˡ
˵ůԸִ¯ʵ䣬ֻ첻㣬Ȳϳˡ
ȴȫһһ¯ԴԴϵɢ
ǣ֣ôµιסֻһɳѵһЩ⡣
⿪磬ȴץסˡ
ѣ׳㲡ˣһҿɲŹЩˡ
˵ˡ
һҹ̰һӣڶ㷢ȡ㴦źЩˡ
ûҪǵÿ˶˶ʮӣúء
֪Լ壬Ȼǣˡ϶ư˳ΨϣԵ˵һ
Լ飬һҲ⡣
ƫƫһϣ½ʺ̬ͬȡԣ˿˵ֻϨ˽˼
ֻǲСۣĹġ
治ˡʼȣѩ׵Ͻһ㱡죬ԽĵüĿ续ɡ
Ŀ۰׵΢٣Ƭ̣µƿߡ
μĸ󣬸ĸ밲Դһ̸֮˳ƺʽ½ʺΪĸ
½ʺҲӦһĸ
ãĻ¡½ʺָǶѻЦŵԼƣûϲġ
˵£뵽˷ڵЩ꣬м񣬱ǸԶҲ
ҲûǶѻֻǣߵһ£ĸ£ҵδɣҲɻ顣
ʵϣԻ֮ûκȤ
㶼ʮˣҪȢޡɼҵȳɼҵҲһһ½ʺΪ⣬һӵҿΪ
Ҫ
е䣬üš˭óµĿܣûޣҲõԼҪĶ
ײǵСӣ½ʺҲǿƣҪ޼Ұǿ
ĽûϲĹһΣƣвƯĹ
жɫ½ʺ˵ƼƯ⡣
ѼÿĹˡ
ʲô½ʺ΢̧ȥƼת꣬ŻȻ
ҲܵĿ⣬̶˼
ƯĹ˫ڳȫ棬û˱ȵꡣ
һ£֪ΪһĪе㲻ڡ
źۼƫͷܿߡ
½ʺʧЦһãʵδҪȢĹȣƣ˵㿴۵ġ
Ǻ⿴ϵõģԽ꣬½ʺֻԽ⡣
û̿ڣֻǱûȤ
ʵ˼Ҳƣ̲ס̽ڡ
Ҳϲǣϲ½˼͡˵꣬ĻĿרעҶû˿ȤǸʲô֮ϡ
סˡ
û뵽ķദ꣬óϲ˼ʹһ
ʵЩǼһȻ֪½˼û˼Ȼ½˼ͶҲ⡣
벻֪⣬˽档
ʱܰοԼˣȻȻϲ˼͡ǣ˷ǵûߵһЩϵԽ䵭
ʱ㣬벻żڷʱ䲻ˡ
꣬ΪλΪ½˼䣿
ﲻ֪Ϊෳ꣬鶸Ȼ˼㡣ֻԸǰǿ侲ûбֳ
ҲϲһҲϲԶҲϲشǿһΣﾹһ˿ί
ԺҪ˺𣿡
Ŀ롣
죬½ʺȣ½ʺֻЦǣû֮⡣
ԹۿϷ
á
ΣֻӦһáû뵽˼㿹ܡ
ãɫںһЩսС֣ҿɼסˡԺҿɲ׷Ź㡣
꣬Ҫƭҡ
̾˿ٴεĵͷĿûдɣԤԽԽԶҲЩꡣ
Ȼ֪ĴʱҲ֪
ĸ̸°ɡЩˣȻȥϢˡվ½ʺǡ
½ʺһȻ̻ȥϢУûʲôŮҪ
һߡӣ½ʺ١գһۣźĹ˼䣬ûиȥ
úź
ǡ
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˶٣û˵ʲô
ūźϢɡԼӣ˱ǰΪ¡ȴ˰֣ǡ
ȥɣ±ǵġ
ԥԥĲüͷһǵǵ˭𣿱𣿡
û˵κγ֮ֻ˹ȥǱֻĿһ䡣
һȴ˸ﻹԥæȻһ˳ȥ
ֻǵҲϣš
֪ȴûٹܡ£ֻʣԼʱȻýס죬һ
Σ򿪽ü۵ĺ졣
Ϊ˲½ʺģЩһֱѹԼĲֻα겻α±ȥƺûʲô⣬ʵֻԼ֪ǿ֮ĩ
߷ѿҪʱˡ
ҲΪˣŻż½˼͵¡磬ٲ¡
һ̫ˡ
뵽ˣؿڶʱһʹûסֿһδĹȻȥ½ʺٴס졣
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ǡڴʱһϤĽŲһ̣Ȼƿˣߴ˽
뵱нؽ
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뿪վɫȻ½ʺ
лҪ뱾˵½ʺüɫĪǷʲô£
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ʱֵܶ޼ʵûҰҪӮǣȻҪŬ
ɫ䣬ֻлĸѣ֪ԼʲôҪĶԼȥá
ˣ½ʺҲ˵ʲôˡ
ЦЦȻǵ񷭿һߵЩ˱Ҹ˽⡣ƣЩǺõġ
űˣЩΪ½˼׼ġЩȤתͷţܹô˻½˼ͼ޳ȥǿԾ󻼡
ˣ½˼ͱҲûʱˡҲٺҰǴһ
˼ˣ뿪ĽŲһת½ʺԱߡ
Ϊ½˼ĸԸޣûк˼ȥķɸѡĺ档
δȫ̳ƥ½˼͡
ӣԽò˫ȫճӣɫĲɳڣƽӣĶţŻҲѡõĻΪ½ʺһ˵ǵŵ㣬⼸˶ĸԿһ
룬Ϊ˾ɴ£ֽĸ⣬ԾٰһС硣
ѡЩһͬ㣬òΪڣס½˼ֻ͡ҪۿˣȻᶯġ
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Щ˶һЩٶϾʱҪΪ˼࿴ҲҪΪһ
ʱҲһ˵ϺԵġˣÿԳ顣
˼ˣ½ʺá
ʱҲһһĩˣһ䡣½ʺţ꣬ţȻΪһõġ
п޵һ
½˼ͼ޸˭ûκȤ޳ȥȥһҲá
л˵
þûô˹һԼ


82 
½ʺг,ƽʱһȥ롣Դʱǳ󲡺ְ
仹ȥ鷿Ͽ,ҪͬϢ
ǰſڵĹ,ֱƿšһ𳤴󣬹ϵܣȥԷסҪͨ
磬ˡȻĿˡ
㲻ǷȥϢվ,üͷ΢壬˹ȥ㡣
һ˵һҪȥǣ֡׽ϰˣûòԡ,Ů겻ͬϯ,ˣҲҪӵġ
Ϊ,ļ,ԲշŮӿŮ,ҲûעЩ
ʶЩ
ֻմѪĽУ뵣,ԵĶ㿪ֽ֡˰,ĵһ,Ծˡ
ָ΢΢˶,ſµ˻ȥ
Ҫȥ˯,ûע⵽ֻȻЦҪϢˣ㲻ˡ
ȴûߣǿһۣȻǲǲϲˣ׿룬׵ӽ红ͯʱһ㣬üĿ侹Ǵί
ľ볣˲ͬҲ볣˲һƽԹֳˡ
Щͨ˵δԵḡ
鴿ִƴźƵ͹ִ˾ñðﲻԾϧ
Ϊ룿ദ˶꣬뵹ǽϰʱʱͻȻ֮ҴδԶõ硣
ԵĲǵĺͯǾϲ㲻˵ˡ
ԣĻشǲ⡣ԽսĿߴ弸Ҫȫס
ֻ꣬ϲ㡣Ȼ˵ǰͬĻɫ棬۵ŲΪ֪ƫִ
˿̵Ƿâ¶ֵԵӣ·ֱ˵մ乬гС
ļ΢
죬˵ʲôֻǻδüڣȻվֱ壬ҲˣúϢ
˵գת뿪
ֻһ˷ţɫ뵽귽ŵĶܣ͸ˣҪ½˼ͼ޳ȥ˼ˡ
ʼֻģֻˡ
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½˼ݲֵʱڣ½˼ͻµ˲١½ʺҲŶƵ˼Ը˼Ҷӡ
պ˺ܲ٣Сֱӱ˴硣
½ʺΪ½˼붼׼Σԡû뵽½ʺ󻹻Լȥ뿴½˼ͣҲûоܾ
岻ʣʵûʲô˼Щ½ʺ׼ģ벻ʧ
統գ½˼Ѱˡ
벻һ½˼һʮ꣬ŮͣȻЩɬɶѡһ»Ǳźܶڴͽš
ҹû˯ãΣǺ޲
뵭Ȼ򶨵ģ½˼ͲЩ˼ĵȻѩĹ㣬ѡ£Ҳûлšˣ½˼ͶԼҹˡ
㣬㶼𣿡½˼ǰֳԵĿǰˣ˵˺ܶӡ
뵽֮ǰʺĸһ½˼̲סʿˮ
ŵ˵ʮϣʮҹӽռһ롣
ʲôýŵģɻĿ½˼һۡ
ʵϣȫ֪½ʺ˼ֻΪȥ½˼͵ģûѡԼϹϵ
Ŵ˴·ĿģǴδҪڷסûļ䣬ӣҲûбҪ¡
ȫû뵽յйء
½ʺ֮û룬ҲǲԼŮ롣½ʺţŮпϵģȻǺáûУҲûʲôԱҲûҪⶣ
Ҳýţû˸۸㡣룬Ц˵ЩٺǱȲģ˼ͣҪһ¼޸磿
ûз½˼뷨
ҪҪҲŲҪ޸ӣȻ⻰½˼ȴŵҡͷʲôֲ£½˼ˣֵؿ룬㣬µ뷨
ҺӸܣȢңҲܼ½˼ȲҪԼұĿ뷨æӲϲҵģ
⻰˵Ļίʵϣӿ϶ɡ
һô֪أ
￴üŮӣֻ˵һ룬½˼;⻰е㲻ԣһ£յĽͣӲʣ㣬ԺǧҪˡ
㣬ɲҪҵԧװΪ˱գ½˼æһϲĹӡ
ϼֲһ䣬ֻŶ
󹬳ý֪մϰϵһ㣬ȻҲ֪
½˼˵նһʱҲ֪μˡü΢ĳŨˡ
üʢοôһǵľˡ½˼ŹüĨĶˣǺ޲ðʲô
ЩǣӲѹסɫջûͷԷӦ
Ȼ幫㿪ģǡҲϧԼСҲ֪Ϊ⼸գĿˡ
뵽ˣ½˼æԼԼѡ
*
ȻεᣬĿģ˶ΪŮҵȻ忪
ǡ԰÷ˣ½ʺ÷ӡ
Դ˴󲿷ǸҵṫӣҲһЩֻ٣Ҳͻ
ҶǴˣԲӣԼҹ˻ʺҹķͷ
ƫƫ˲
μ
½˼ͻδ˽ȵˡ
Ǵ绪Ůӣ֮ŮҶ˶˶٣漴վ׷
ֽסڳҳȻ֪λҶʵǻϵѪ
ټʢԲ룬ȴҪλ
ɣλ񡣡Ҷİ˰֡
ˮĸòٸţüĿһĻģȴЩӲԵЩг
ֻǿƿɲȻӲ
ʺͲ£ֻ˭Ҳû뵽һϵĿŵ
տǻʺΪԼҹٰᣬλȴʢװϯʵڹһЩ
СǾԻʺδϯˣ˿ӡһй˿ٻˡ
ֻ˶ˣʺǸˣԵСϣδҲйǡ
½˼͵ʱһ۱㿴վʢװŮӡ½˼͵ɫˣôˣ
ǻ磬ⳡˣ
ƼҶüҲ΢˼֡
½ˣ
μ£
һ֣˱ƼˣʱԸʱ̬ȸӹ
˰˰֣
ҶҲ˹˸ȫ뵭һҲһûж˵ʲô
ȻҲϲҶݣʵûҪ˵öˣǸӡ
ϾҶǲǻʵ۵ŮܹһֻǸԶҲԽ
ҶоˣʵǼĴࡣҲȼΡ
½ʺúܺãԸƼЩHºˡ
ԣҲ֪
ûзŶ˼ҶϣǴƽˣвٳࡢȺʼõĹӣﲻǡ
벻⳯½˼ƳһۣȻƼ۾ˡ˼òڣϲǻ˲ġ
ȴ֪һ˵Ŀ㲻䵽ϡ
°Ӽԣ˼١ڴ֮ǰҲûдйع飬˾֪λ˾ڡ
Žɫ£ɫ̫ĹʵѹסᱻѶ˷ɣԵ
ȴǣֻĵԽһһ䣬ȫ˵ǡΪüŵĲǷӲ鲻Խ
ֱŮ·
λнԲ뵽Ǹ߾Ӿ֮ϵŮָ߹Ĳ¡
һ֣˾ƺгģʢװϯĸҲ⡣ҹòҲǷ
˻Ϊ°븣ʲôͻֻ˸һۣ㾶ֱλ
ʼգƺûаֻҺͷŭ·λĿֻһ޹ؾҪˡ
ֵ
Ȿǰľֹȴþᣬһֱ˵Ȼ
߸ϵĹԵҪȥһݲĿҪκˡ
ˣɡ
Ǹܵ˵ߣϰЩ˿仯Ȼλϣ˿ϯ
½˼ͷӦ̲סվֱӣҪΪ㵲ЩĿ⡣
ͰźõģûиϯλġҪҪôһϯҪô˱˵ϯλ
ڳ֮УҶֻ֮£Ҳλ
ûţ˰ϯһֻĩˡ
˱Ϊλ߳ŭȴ룬һԲĩϯߵĹ˿ȥΪŭҪ֣ȴҶֹˡ
λãǲѹ˷ǳίɲǡ
졣
˻Ҫ˵ȴҶ俴һۣ֪ģµĻȫ˻ȥ
һⰲŵġҶͱ½˼ʹһЩҲ̸ۻˣгٳûϢ
ί뿪ǡҶ䵭˵Ҳ㡣
죬ײ˵ʲôˡ֪ΪʲôʱԿԹﻹҪ¡
ûķǣǹƢãźĹˡ
Ǹ¿
ū澲ңū澴ˣ뿤ˡ
˵ͷ˴ãȴһֱûõӦ̲ס̧ͷһۣȴͷλϵˣǳ
*
ʺⰲŵʳȻã˿ɲΪԵġԼùһЩʳ֮ôɻˡ
ãѼΪʡ
ˣ뿴½˼͵ģʱȴ½˼ͿĲԣֻȴ
ȥɣˡ½˼͵
½˼ȷʵЩֲı㣬Щԥ
ùңЩˣȻȥˡ
˵½˼Ͳǿ˿Ǻðɣ㣬ʲô¾ҡ
壬һ
½˼ˣһ׼ֻǸûã˵סǰ·
빫
Ǹʮ߰꣬ŨüĿΪӢʱǰĹСɫͨһƬ
վӿʵк£
ҡҡ˫ţɫˣͰ͵˵һ䣬ҽ٣ʮˣδף
*
˳󣬱ֱӸϻŽǺ£Ա׼꣬ȥῴ½˼Ͷ
ȴû룬ü
ĸôڣȥ½ʺ
ˣտ磬˼ȥμˡ½ʺЦŻصʱ䣬ӦѾʼˡҲ֪Щദô
ΪҪȥμ᣿ֻǰ䣬üĸ
ȻҪԼȥơ½ʺ󿪿ڣߵֱЦŻشˣЩӿΪѡģܴܿϢˣ
½ʺԣҲЦˣԸ˰ɣȥҲް£ײܶϷ
˵ǡ
ɫȴȻˡ
ղΪ½˼ѡ𣿡æʵĿ½ʺ󣬡ΪʲôΪѡˣС
ķӦʵ̫ɫҲΪѿ½ʺɻصͱ˼ͻһЩðᣬȻȥơżѵѡЩвԣ
ˣ½˼ͻһЩҪˡ
ŮӼǱܼˡ
ΪʲôҪˣ
˲ˣΪʲôҪɻ飿
½ʺ˵ʲôֻҪһ뵽ҪˣֻȻӿһҪݻһеı塣
ǲ½ʺǣת󲽳԰ȥѹ˲£˿ֻһϹȥ
ߵúܿ죬Ծ˷ֱڿһĨϤӰȻûˣ㿴˴յǰӡ
Ĺմӣ١òڣԸʴ󷽣츳ھС
ѡˣڿ˵ĵһۣԺﵱð˵дµıעÿһֶÿһ仰д£ٲ
Ȼտüõˣ˿ȴĿ
ͣס˽ŲϷ
л˵
ʯͷҪн£Ҷ˭˭¶н



83 
,ʵƽﻹأȻ˿ŹȴȫƲסԼ,ʧ˷ִ硣
Ŀİ˵֮޲úԼ,ܶԹ˵㲻ŵĻ
˵ȥˣҲղ˼ˣһᣬһҡɷ빫һͬͻ
˵,ŵĿ롣
Ȳδעֱ˵Ļۿվǰꡣ
Ŀٵϣĳʱɫ΢,Ȼϸܵһ˿΢ϤС
ٳþ׾Сƣֻٳڱɹ,ɫ֮׾ɸټҲ죬׾湫,ȴ佫Ϣ,ûеһʱϳ
Գɺ,ϸܵϤ񣬶ϴ
԰׾Ҳ·ˣ
,ҡʲô𣿡
ŮһĹſ,嶼ĽӲ,ɷ,ŵ˹
Խǿ,Խ죬֮޹ĻҪңǺ޲õؿһ㡣
ٵĶ䶼պˣһģɬ빫ǲÿԡ
ꡣ
Ļϲɬʱֻһ޳ӰȻ嵽빫м䣬ߴȫס˹Ҳ׵סߡ
μӡ
ֱ밲ٲٿȻ˭
磬ôˣЩɻ󣬺ȴһϲǵ˼ͣصظϹ𣿡
ĳ֣ʱϾע٣˼ȫ档
׾ɾ·˵һΪģԲһ⡣ԣû̫ϡ
԰׾ɵҲҪġ
ѰġֱӴĻ룬üЩؼҡ
˵䣬Ѿֻסļ򣬼ӵ˻
ɫѾָʲôԡ׿Ů·Ǹõֳͨҽһ㣬Ī紵ˡ
ȱ˵°鼫ãһ봫ŷ·޲ͬ
ȴܾһ˿Ծ
ΪߣΪӳֵһ˲䣬Լܵһɺ˵ĵ⡣
Ͽֻİõ磬ȴĪĶżǿĹԡ
·ʱԲһеĹӵأľ
Ҳãǹ硣ʱѹĵ׵ŹüĿĲæҵҪԼϵ£һǲҵ·
ˡ
û˵꣬һ䵭˵˲ǹӡ
бտòˡĿ嵭Ŀһ٣ޱĵұӵģŮܲףүĶ˰ɡ
겻Ҫ˵Ķ
˵գٷӦ첽뿪֮εǰлٿһۡ
治ĴĲϲһΣĸܵ˿⡣
Ϊʲô
ٳھӪλߣϳλӽ١޵ļ棬䲻λ׺ͣҲӲ
벻ΪζϲٱҲʵӣȻ벻ͨȲˡ
ڿɻиҪҪ
ŹˣٲŹõĻᣬæܸȥҽ٣٣ҵ֣һҪͻɻңʱڣ
ȻɬǸеСȻԹ⣬ȻԴС
Ӻ󹬣⳼Ǵգ֪ʱƼ˼ˣٹ˲ϺߣȥëԼ
տƼˣԹ˼Ŀɲ֪ж١Щ˻æʱҪٵùȼס
ٲ֪ô׷Ůӣ̣֪Ҫȷˣ
⻰һ뻹δüӦ
ȻתĿĿ٣ҪֻǸֻδ˵ڣԶһС
ˣ½ˮˣ
˼ͣһתҪǱܣ磬죬˼ͣôˮ֪ж½˼ֲˮ̫Σˣ
ǱסҲôһصģ²
ĵǣ޲һ˲䣬һɶ⡪½˼;ˣǸã
ǹɶֿ͡
ֻתͷƼϵĽʱǹɶӲѹȥ½˼ȷʵᣬˡĵġ
磬Щ
ֱ۱ƣӦקŮϸǼӿ˽Ų
*
ĹȻ٣Ҳмλб½˼ûġСǱԼһһͻһˡ
ΪҰã˱ȥ˺ͤλøߣҰ
ֻʱ½˼ȴȻ׹˺ڹߵĶǹŮ̫࣬Բˮȥǵܰ½˼;Լ˽ȥ
ͤطе룬ЩҹҪϹҲҪһʱ䡣
½£㣡
ۼ½˼ˮƮԽԽԶ˲֪ʱ˺Ȼ˺½˼˹ȥ
ĻӣĻӣۼ⣬ϳˮ˵ˣǵĻӡ
ӳ½˼ιȥ˶Ծ˿ʱҲ˲ȥĻΪλͻȻ
ϵʱĻѾ˺ֻ½˼ѵ˺룬Ϻˮ䣬Ҫιȥûô졣
磬Ӿ˼ͣһĻ̵ȥ˼ͣ˼ͣ
ֵҲȲϡҲηĺˮҪ½˼׾١
Ƽӣ뵱µ˽֮¼򵥡
粻ͬΪŮڡ½˼ˮӾȻҪб˼֮ס
һ½˼ȻҪ޸ӣȫŮȻ½˼Ҳѡ񲻼ޣ˴£׶
˿޸˾ˣҲһμѻ˿̣ȴӿһӿķŭ
½˼ˮǾĻӵ˰ŵģΪı½˼͵Ļ£
½˼޲޸ĻӣĻ˵κʧջἺ˵ĺΪˣ½ұ㲻ò˼ݡ顱
˼ƣȴҲмΪЧ
뵽ģȻҲ뵽ˡźеһĻδ
˼Ӿ½˼ͣҪǼƵóѡ½˼ͣ˼֮ףǲҪȢ
ꡭҪȢ½˼
в֪Ϊơ
磬㻹˼ͣۼĻӾ½˼ԽԽ̲סߴ١
꣬١
ĿɨԱߵ٣һ⡣ϲ½˼ͣϲͼ٣
ѽǸҲˮˣ
δ˵ִ꣬һ󾪺뿴ȥ֪ʱҶˮٶȺܿ죬ĻӵĺüĻһȵ½˼ߡ
л˵
˯ͷˡ
ٱ¶һ룬ȷʵǰ׾ɣҶ£ҿбµˡͷյ׽Ǵ΢ȫ¶ԵûУ
ˣŻʮµľͿԽҼӿٶȣҲ


84 
˭Ҳû뵽ҶȻˮ,ˣĻǰ½˼͡
ҲЩȣʱ˲ɻ,æԸ׼ñůĶȥ̫ҽ
½˼ںˮܵʱ䲻,ʱѾǰԵ״̬ˡ벻ҵ飬ɢȺ½˼ߡ
⣬ȻҲвȥˣû½ʺҲɫĸ˹
һͨæµ,һʱȥˡ
½˼ͱͻйصȫаʱںͤĹ빬ˣԼˮ˵Ļ븣
ȻǻɴĻйأ,½˼ˮֻһ⡣û֤ݵ,ǷǵָĻӣҪл
½˼͵Ҷ,ĻĿ֮ǲʵ
ձҪлǶˡ,̫ҽ½˼ûд󰭺,½ʺЦſҶǸ,˼;ˡ
˴,ػл,ѱΪĻ׼
Ȼ⻰,Ļӵȴ޶ϲ,ǿЩҲôá
Ͼȡ½˼ͣɲΪ㶫ΪӣҲȱЩ
û뵽ǳ⡭
ֻ½ʺǰٷŭҲֳܱЩЦл
ֻǾ֮ͶѣʺƷѡѹŭǿһĨЦֻҪ½û±á
δɣʺȻϾֵʵ̫ˡΣû°ѱԴ˿ӻ侲
Ʒѣ˼½ҵĵŮɲֵֹ½ʺЦЦĻһ䡣
ʺ˵ǣ½ЩԱȵġһ⣬ֻõû
½ʺһۣЦתͷֿһֱĬԵҶ
ˮ½˼ͣڻ˸ɾѣ仹ǴһЩˮɫ΢΢е㷢סûʲôӦ½ʺĵлҲֻƽл
λֱһҲĸĻӣһϵҲþ֧ĻӲǡ
λȷʵһֱվĻ󡣽ΪȴĻӱۡ
½ʺĿⲻļζĵʲôʣٽ̫ҽƣҲԷһ
лʺģްҶƽĻص㲻鷳̫ҽˡ
ɫ΢΢е㷢ףȥȷʵû⡣
ԣ½ʺҲûټ⣬ǻһת˵ǲ֪ԭˮ
ŮҶв㣬ǧСǣСӴͨ黭ǲˮģοˮˮƽߣ
ڹ⣬ѧҶ˿š
ԭˣڴ˵츳½ʺü
Ҷصлʺޡ
½ʺ˵ǿޣǱζҶҲ֪û̹Ȼˡ
ˣ½ʺľ˼֡λݵԭ򣬲ĸȣĴڸвǿ½ʺҲû̫ʮС
ţҶȴǸز¶ġ
ȥ½ʱҶ½ʺ˸ɫ򶨵һСҪ
½˼͵ľˣҪ󲢲Ϊ½ʺҲûɾܾĻҲȲȥˣԣ̽
½ʺЦŶӦˡ
ֻǴ˳ȥ֮ɫ⡣½˼ݲڹ£Ȼܲ
ûãʵ۵ݱ
*
ͷҶĻһͬ½˼ӵƫȥĻҲסɫ̲סʵΪҪ
ѹͣ۽üҵŭȴѹס
Ҷɫ䣬ֻĻӣȷҪ̸£һ仰ĻӶ˻ȥ
ﵽĻֻӲİŭѹȥֻĵ֮󣬻ϣܸһĽ͡
Ҷһۣû˵ʲôֱֻƫˡˣɫǲҶ̬ȡ
һǿһ覵˽Ůͳӣ
ǿڡ
뵽Ҷãʱǿѹ塣
ƻƻ⣬ֲĵ½˼ֻͣܵȥһۣ뿪ˡ
Ҷûߡ
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ֻǸгСһ⣬ʵסˡ󣬱۴һ
˯ˣҲһֱק֡
ϧ˳⣬û뿪˯šһߣɫôÿ½˼͵Ŀʱʱ⡣
ȻһİۣӦ˵֮ǰҪ鷳
Ҷʱ˳˯½˼ֻͣҶ˵϶˶٣ͣϡ
֪ɷһ˵
Ҷֱӿżɽ빫̸һ̸
뻹δ˵ֱ˵ǡҶŮȻ
Ҷȴûֻ룬Ļش
Ҳ֪Ϊһ˵ìܸС˼ҶľٶѵһЩȤ
ԡִ½˼˳վɡ
ɫԽã̧һ
ӻرһ¡ҶȴסŮб빫Ҫ˵Ůҵ£ڳʡ
ĿɭĿÿ
ҶɫԽףȴǶҲδ
磬ȥæɡŭ֮ǰ뿪ڣֻ븣˵һѣ㲻õġ
⻰ѣҲǸˡ
Ը뿪ѾڣԸϲ˶һۣջȰ
ù˸㡣
һģȥæ°ɡӦˡ
һɫ뿪ˡ
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뱾˵ʲô
뿪ҶƲһݡȿڣһ˵һߴǰŮӡ
ýˣìܸиˣҶϺܲг
ӸܺáҶûֱӻش⣬ǺȻ˵
һͬ󣬸ȻáЦЦʲôֱ˵ɣҲޡ
ȻҶ½˼ͣջ£ıҶҲʺġ
λŲѹϵķâ䣬ǲͬڳ˵ɲ
˿̵ȥǰ㲡·׾ٱƵҶһֱѹƵĸо
һĵĳ
ĸоֻһϸܹ
¹ȥǧ꣬ʱĸоǸ绪ŮʱλŮӵţüĿЦ֮ʤˣȴ˸Ҷ֮ģҪ
λŮʲôҲûֻվܺӡ
ʱ٣Σλ΢ֻҡҡ׹棬ԶԶһֻۡһۣҲ
º֮Ҳδϸܵǹƺơ
¡
˺ûκ϶ĸ֡
ףѵΪλŮֱĿ޷˵ĻźȻԵɡ
Ը񣬿޷һľġ
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85 
ԺвܿƵðͷһ,ѶơڹУ乬ʱĸģ
ʱ,룬鰮õĶǰһܶޱ,һ̣ȴܷ顣
޹ϵУȶĹϵҲֵΪ˸Ĺϵ
˴һʼ,ֻܵãŬǸܡ
Уǻʵ۵ӣ֪ʵʼնֻһԡ
乬ʱԽԽ,ѵʱԽԽ,ԽģʱǷ״̬Ǽʱ,
乬ƫƧ,ЩҲԸʧ,Դʱ乬ֻĸӡ
ҲˣϷʱ˵Ǹʱ,ֻ׵ˡ
ĸ,ʵȴ,ʵ,ԼҲ֪˭
ᵽʱ,ʱǿ־ģֻùƺ

ϵУһҲǸΪΪֱ֪ûĸУҲһֻС
ϱųҺȷʵУܿˡɻڴĻᣬ֮УΨһ˱ֻлʵۡ
ɱ˺ӣʵȻٳ
ҪҪһӣа
ʹɭϣ˵ȸܽ˵С֪ôʶģһж˵ҲҪ
˭һʼûи׹ܹԣ˭Ҫ
ʱÿΨһıôȥ
ǻʵ۵Ķӣ˵һɾͷҪ
ֱꡣ
һ硣
ٺֻܵĸ硣ԣþһа취ڸԡ
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߶䣬̬̲֮סҪϧ
ŮҲԼ˺ţֱֱϲ֮಻Щ⣬뵽ԼĿģ΢΢ӿ˼֡
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ǾƱǰͨ͸ƯȴִžƱһֻ辫¡˵䣬Ů΢΢ף˳ڷǰɢ䣬ǡ¶һѩľӡ
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ȥ顣俪ڣʱ䣬ʲôҪ֪Ļ֮˭鲻Ҳûˡ
ܰ⹬ŮͽԺеģ޷ǴӼˣֻǾ˭Ҫϸ֤

һʱĶĸϤֱ飬֪Ӷŭʱ⻰ͷһݣɫʱһࡣ
ǹŮҪԩϧûü˵ֱӱס죬ȥʼգҪջǸ˶ûƹ
ûòҲĿ
ŮˣҲ뿪ˣٴΰй˰ǹŮľƻȥ¾
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86 
һ,ȱѹµȻӿԽ򴽣Ŀⲻ׷ǰǵӰ,Щڸ
΢΢üǿѹ˿,װµĽݡ
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մů֮䣬Ӧģ˿ȴЩˡ
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,磿ô,ô˵ü΢壬ĵ,岻𣿡
˸Ž,ȱע⵽ظȵĺ
˼,һ˵һ̽Ķͷֻ΢ָմǳȵļرץס
ϵЩ,ķ۵Ƥʱһϸ΢Ĵʹ,ʶ˻˿
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˼ԺȻЩͷһľĻңԾܿߣıԼЩͷ
Щ˼
ʱȴһֱûзſֻѩ׵ӣյø
ĲĲԾȴΪΪշ鷳꣬Ҳû룬ֻĻӵɨβʱ򲢲һҪ֤ݣ粻Ϊ˶ෳաĻն񶾣խģѡΪ
һʼʵûĻӷǸҶ˾衣
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ȻֻǵһμΪҪǰһֱ첻֪Լ˶⡣
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87 
½˼ˮһ,ֵúܴű½˼Ϊţ룬ֻҪǳ˱㶼ܲµ뼸λйء
Ļӵ,ɨβҲ©ʱ
Ϊʵۼ游,ȻԸִ󣬿Ҵ»漰Ļӡ㲻ĻӣҲԸִ
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·ǵûѹȥֵ䡣,ǵͨҲ֪˻֮²ϧк֮Ů
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Ҷش̾˿֪ҲΣֻϣЩðɡҲЩˡ
֪ԼＸδ̬ʽල֣صҶʩһ
Ȼð㣡ҶδڣüˣܺãѵһӵĿɣ
˵⣬ۿҶЦԸ⣬ҲԸ⣡ǱµŮ͸Ĺ
ҶȻף˵⻰ΪжమŮΪԼΪ档
뿪ֻʣĸŮˡ
ǱģҲءҶһһٵĵӦ֪ôɣ츳Ӧúúòǡ
˵գȻЦ
úʮˣЦȻǰˮˡ
߽ҶЦӦòǣ˵Ҫλɣ
仰ˣֵ𣿡
Ҷʱšüɫס
˼Ҫʹ÷ɱ˴ӡ˴·ܵ˼ƣڷ˵㹻ˡ

֪ǰȻҲ֪˴·ΪӶ
ˣ֪ǰ̫ΪԲűǣ·䣬ֻ֮ࡣ
ûҪ¹λϣãĸȻԸⰮڷɣԱóŮ΢·λ
Ҫ˳λֻܽƫ档
Ҷ΢·ĵǰΪѡ޹֮·ʮ֮޳
ȴ·̫ˣ᲻Լô΢ʩѹ
Ҫλ΢ǰĸƣ΢ĸԼǰ
ΪӣȲϹ˻ʣȷʵҲ˼תܳΪʵۣһȥ޳ع硣
תӺ޾ģֶΪۣҲλ
·ϧ췣ҲΪ˶
Ҷӽ¹صԼԺӡգ类һյ壬ɫҰѩ
תܱ΢ļͲַҲд۵ġ
Ҳ⵽ǴοһĲɣһܲ³ɣҪĴۡ
ֻһ㣬˹ġ
ĸ
ǶԣˣõĽְɡ
ǡҪҶ뵽λŮô
֪ʱĴԸܹȥλŮԣһ
ΪˣҹֻΪԼø㡣ֻԸվֻܳΪһԶҲ޷ʵֵ
ŮͽϢʱĻԸʵˡǸĳŮϥ츳Ϊõá
ȥĲ¡һ˳
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Ȼһ˱仯
һһꡣĶ飬ãһܹöġߵŮӡ
֪ԼҪѹۻ಻ͷ
Ūꡣ
ѵǸůսһů⡣Ӵȴֻͷ䡣
Ȼ෴ȴҽĻ塣
ֻҪһۣһбϯ޿ɱܡһһΣÿһζһθ֡
þȫҲûѹЩͷǡ
鲻Խı۾ǰƺֳǸòĹԼľҵ
Ҫ
֡
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ҲǸŵСġģȻҲҪԼҵһЩСá
һϲоʳҲ˼ֳɾ͡
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磬һΪ㲻ءڳ֣Ц¶˼ձССУɷǿɰˡ
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˰һһٶƺҲûʲôԾϾСʱ򣬱ϲвˡ
꣬ܺóԣ㳢
ζعҲû룬ʶҧһڣ˶ˣǳԷɡ
ַŵ̫е̫СʪĴ겻ȵָ⡣
ٿȻ©һġ
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ȷʵȥ½ʺҲͷƻ˶࣬ǵöЩС
˵£½ʺһʲôЦŵˣҲҪˣΪİȫĸ˼һλǲƻգһҲûǰȫ
С£ܾ½ʺ󣬱ĵͷ
ˣ½ʺ󴽽΢΢̡õʺͨ
һ㲻Ծֻ˼ȥҲû˼롣
Լ½˼𣿡ȻʣĿ롣
뿴һۣ뵽½˼͵ų⣬źյƻ᱾ΪɣЩΣֻõûС
ԣȻЦˡ
ãǺ㡣û½˼ֻֻͣԼһ𿴵ƻᣬֻҪ뵽һ㣬㲻ܿƵ
һ̣ﻹ˼ںһֻԺյĵƻڴ
л˵
6500+ҹ
ҲʮдꡭҵĴȷʵֻʮ£дһT_Tֻһ㣬ƻᳬ£
һʯͷҪƹڴҪ˺ٺٺٺ



88 
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³֮,ػ£ȥ롣ʱҲ׼ˡ
˵һ,Ϊ°ټ,ʱֻܴڹУܳȥĻἫ١
Ҳ꽥½ʺУ˲٣,Բʹķȥ
е͵κˣΪءˣŲʩɫ˵ҲΪȡ
ǾԼס,ֻǲҪꡣ
Ϊ˱鷳,ñϰ˱עӣǽյƻ˶෱,Ϊ徲,ǴñΪá
,߰ɡ
ñЦתȻƫͷһ˲,ȴȻһ͡
һ,ྐྵ·Ҫ˳
ñ,粻
Կصðͷ
Ϊ˷,ñ͸һƳ,俴ɴµݣȴصķ顣
ñǵûѹǱ˵ɫǸ˼־Ķǵ
ɫڵ磬ǳʱɫѾȫŽǵƻᣬɫĲʵƹܣȲðյȴҲһʶ֮ɫ
Ĺò˴ǣֻԶԶţ
֪ı£ԲСϳңò׳һιҲһ㡣
Щţ˼½ʺδţòʹ졣
½ʺ󶼺壬вͬ½ʺǰŮУֻӿǡͬˡ˻һ㡣
˹ܶࡣ
һ˵ƻᣬǰɽ˺鲻Խطһ̾ȫͬĴڣǴϲ徲ƫ䵭ǾٰᣬҲӲ֡
뿴˾֮ϵĺ嵭Ƽ˼̻Ҳ˲Ȥһʱ䣬˽ƻĿıΪɣԼȤܵľ¡
Ҳ֪˶࣬Ǳ㲻ߡƼһģǾµĵ̲ס㳯Ǳȥʱ˳ӿ벻ɱ˳
ķ̫㱻ײˣһҪˤȥ
󲽿絽ߣһֻȿĴַסһֵֻסıΰ˻
΢΢ЩģʵмˣȻ䣬Ϊ˴ʦ֣΢΢һ˲Ȼǰӡ
ʵҲһ̫ˣһʱ죬걻˼ˡۼһˤ©һġ
£˼֡
ƽʱ½ʺҪ룬˵ˣ˵ҲƽʱºЩһֳ
һ漰ͰΣ޻ˡ
û£ġعԾЩίһˢ˶Լʶ
˼佫ʮ꣬ﻹа㵱ϵǿͺֽһ㣬紵ܵ
俪ɴʱѵЩơ
Ҫҵģעһ㡣󣬵һʯȵ˭޷֡
뱻ڻֻԴԴϵůΧѸܲεˡ
ס壬µջ˷ϸ֣֫˳ǣס֣ҿһ㣬֪𣿡
뷽Ŷ㱻ˣȫܵ˷նԵƻ飬ﻹֽķȺУ
ԣǵͷĳŵҲɵġ
ӵڻУֹɵͷģʵ̫ɰЩɫȻ˰ͷ¹һ˲ԺٴðЩʱ˵ͷ
ۣƯҪ
Ǻ«ԣòã
ֱԱ߾СϲļȻع
߰ɣɿ¥λãȥʶԼʲôЩǱıߣɤԽƣλúãԸõҹɫ
ҲáҲˡͷȥԵģЪЪҲ
ƻһһΣҹ磬ˡ뵽Լڵ壬ΨһһҲһηƻˡ
ţб˼ϧҲЩȲ
磬߿һ㡣ƻôҲ࿴˵⻹ʦֵһοƻᡣ
ϣգиá
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ȻǶλá
ڵƻӣҪλãǻҲס֮ǰֻųƻᣬûпǵһ㡣
йصϣϸĽԻؽλá
ķ羰Ȼвͬ
վ¥̨ϳȥһ˲䣬ǻص硣ĽܿܿͷǺ죬鲻Խһɻ벻ᡣ
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һֱȲҪЩӣΪԼǶκʼԽĻһꡣ
ĲȨλһʦһ߹ӡʱǶп࣬ʵҲй
һռ꣬ҲĻ䡣
ЩȲɽʱãȴɳ˳ɳĹУҪѵġ
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ҵʧȥ˺ܶ೤ˣͬʱ˵ġĹУһˡ
´ʦֲֻʦãҲδ޹ֻܸл
ɵһ̫ˣ;˰·ȥĴʦ߹Ƕ·лɳ·ϣܾãȹѵʱ⡣
Ҳᡣ
ʧȥǰá
ǹλʦҲгദʱˡɱİ֮˵֣ɱǹ֣ͬỹˣ
꣡
ʱߺȻһϤ΢Щĸˣ»صʵС
磬ôˣ
ƫͷ
ûʲôɫһ٣ϵϣ·
ûоܾĹģ£ϴµ£ЦŻһ䣬ţ֪ġлл硣
ֻˣȡñ¶ݡЦÿˣձǳǳ֣ŵ⡣
ǳǳһЦ֮ŮҪƷˣƺʱȥ
ɲ֪Ϊһ̣кȻӿһɿֻšʶץסǰŮ֣˼
뷴ӦһӵԼĻ
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⧲ůĻǼײǼʵţʱһԵ⡣
ʵ̫ܵʹҲܵĲ
һ£ûƿʵ硭ôˣ
꣬Ҳ硣ȴƵؾһ磬Ų壬侲Ŀ⿴ǰĹһһٵûκѪԵϵ
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ˣؿˣҲˡŬ㡣̸˵̫дT_T
ʯͷʵǳԼĴˣֶͷ


89 
Լ嶯ˡ
ļƻ,Ӧȫ׼ٰꡣǾڷŵһ̣·ʱ׼ȥʱҲˡ
ʲôȫ׼,һ˲䣬ȫԺֻһͷ,꣬ʲô취Ҫꡣ
Լߡ
ҵˣšŻĹȥǳ侲,ǸڲŸࡣ
侲򶨣üһ˲ľ㵹еĲ߳Ĳ
ڽ,
ǰ,ǻʵ۵Ķӣسȥ,ζӵеһжΪС,Ҫɱ֮
ټǿٳ,ҲǸδʮ꣬βţ
Ҷûǰ߹£,ɴ˿,ȵȴ,ǡΪλ֪ô֪ģ˭ģ᲻Ҷйأ
سȥ,ӦӦԣ
˵̫ͻȻ,һʱǿԼɫһߡ
֪꣬£
״ʱһ²⣬Ҷ
ȻԼѾ֪࣬ҲûıҪˣԣͷҶҵġҲ֪ǴӺ֪µģΪһʱҲ֪˵
Ŀ⸴ӵĿʵ磬㲻֮ûѪԵϵһ㶼ҵ硣
ΪǺΪûѪԵ㲻㰲һ˽ʮ꣬ûѪԵкιϵǵĸ鲢ǽѪԵϵģˣӵ˵ĹϵҲ赭
Ȼδֻⷬһ˲ȥŻԴŮôһ˲䣬һɶ޲õͷһ㣬ݺݵضסƯ졣
ԭ֪ǲˣ֪ˣҲûԶⱾǺ¡
ڡѲֻˡ
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ʵ뱾ѾƻˣѰʱӵݵȥҶҪ֪Ҷ֪µģҲҪ֪˭
밴۲һ¡µֻҶ֪Ļһϵ֪
ĻǱûԴԸǣ´Ǻߡˣðˡ
벻֪ҶΪûаѴ¸Ļӣѹ´ȻҲ֪ˣļƻҪıˡ
ҡ
տڣֻǲ˵һ֣΢ϵϢȻȵɱϯ
̰סλڻȻһתֻд̽ľͷ
̧ȥ֧Ȼ˹Ӧ٣˹ȥ
Щ˶ʱʵҲˡֻķʶҲ㲻
벢ģǧЩ˲ǡ
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ͷľ١
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ɱ⡣
ܵķŭʲôҲû˵ֻԽİ껤ĿĿ˶棬Խ
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ˡ
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֪ʱͣ
û˼ĸţЩɱվ޵ģûٱǰȫˡ
뿪ķȻ׼Ϊͣˡ
Ȼ˼һ̣һ˴ˤڵϣǴ˴δɱͷ졣ͷҲǾѵʿ°֮ҪԾȴԾȨҲˡ
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һϤڶԣ̧ͷֻӻŹ뿪ıӰ
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һΣҲƲ̬ķչˡ
ٲ֪ʲô취ֻ֪һӺǸҲڵʿȫˡ
ʿָ˶ӡ
ˣѼ֤ݣҲȫָ˶ӡЩʿȷʵҲǶһϵ˽ģڶĸһԺҵ֤ݡ
һҲĶӣңҲе˿־塪ôʿһȥԸ°ӣ´ǲǱܶԸʣ
û˲ʵ
ŶӵݣûбֱӴֻΪȦܲסҹӱԾС
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ѾȥˣҲˣҲҪ¡УŴȸһίˡҲû뵽ȻĵӡǷģ˺ٲᷢˡ
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֪˴δɱ½ʺŵˣȻûˣ½ʺǱǰӽˣ˼
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Ϣȫˣ⼸ÿնʱ賿˯T_T


90 
Ǻ⣿
½ʺڵϵ,üĲšеĲЩŬԼƽصʲô˵,αعȥĸ,ǰýЩ񡣡
ͷ˶һ½ʺɫȥ
ĸ𷣡ߴڵϣͷ,Ŀƽȴ޷ӵļᶨʳˣĸ˻ʵˡ
ʲô˼½ʺɫ
Ҳǻʵ۵Ѫ,ҵˡû,ѡٴι½ʺǰʱѾ˾,һ,ûκ·
½ʺվ,ɫˡ
Ϣɫ»ָ˹,Цһʲô,ԭˡ㲻ŵΣֻҪǸλ,㲻Ҳǡ
Ȼ,ǵļƻһЩӰ,½ʺҲ
˵ֻҪ㹻ǿԼС
ȵϻλƿشȨЩ֪Σ˵Ҳ˻ţ˸š
ľȺͻʧ½ʺͦΪ˸ˡ
ţϻû˿øУֻڻλϵĲѪ˵һĵϲ¡
㲻ûţϸ˵Ӻεֻ֪˭ֻ֪ҪǴõȻܵϻλ
Ȼûлش⡣ҪţʵϣʼգҲûл֮⡣
˿侲Į
ĸ󣬶
ȴظһηŵĻҪĸĺˣҴûʵۡ
½ʺüԽ
ֻһΣڣɻ󣺡ĸ󡣡
ȻֻһϤ˵ĳƺ֪ΪΣһ̣½ʺĪƺʲôԾ
ꡣ
ôһ˲䣬½ʺΪԼˣ˵ʲô
ꡣ˳ӵظһΣƽصҪķޡ
޶֣˵ն
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ֻû뵽һհ׾ɾҲģЩЦԷǣ̲ס룬ص磬ǷԼⷬɵģʲôӦ
ҡϲƽ˰ףҺϲҡף
¿ͷ׶ˣһ˵ͬ⣬̱ȥиĸʺף
һл˵꣬ȻڴĿ롣
ȻԤϣٵĸף뻹һ¡óģŰ׾֮ʣǲᵱġ
ֻٻǷˣй¶ܻẦ˰׾ɣһľܾɡ
һʱ䣬Ĭӿ
רǰ£ûע⵽һĻѱ˿ԶûںڰУĿްĿվŮ
пŮվһ𣬾ǷгУȴޱȴۡʶս˫ȭŬѹﶸȻıɱ⡣
˵Щһ˲Ҫɱ
˻һ̲ס⡣
²ȥ¿Ҳһ㡣
û뵽ȻһĻַŭ⡭Ϊβ˵ΪβֱӾ٣
ѵϲ٣
ֻһδĲ룬Ҳ޿̡˫ɫĿǡ
岻áڣ뿪˿ڣҪˡ
Ҳģȴ̵ΪԭǹˡҸĸҲġֻҪͬУ
ϲȻϲ뵽ɫͨ鼱֮³ǰŮֻ֣ǻδϮϱȻһɾʹͷ
ٶʱƺһغ˼ˣһʹĽĲ
磿һ£ʹɫףǳŤơΪֵ̫ͻأһз̫죬Ҳ˼Ϣֹ
֪ʱȻߡ˿̣ɷִٵĲϣѪȾ׵Ľ
ֻҪһ̸ٵĲӡ

ٷӦֺ˪³һ֡ƺֻҪһȡ
üͷ
ϵľʹĴʹǰҪɱΪʲô
˵ȴһɾϮ˲ܿƵǹɾ˳ȥ
ֱӷɳԺӣˤ˵ϡ
֪ոǿǷܴﵽֱĳʶڵϣؿڵķ
𾪣һʱ벻ԼˣҲԼŵĿġ
ӳһ£״Ӻζ
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ֱӰ˦˳ȥ֣뾪һ£üĲԾš
ֻδ˵꣬һ
һ˲ֻȻһűϡȻǰһΣӦʱֱӱŰϡ
꣬ҪӦҪ޸ƵͳߺȻը죬һֻȵסߡ
ƺֻҪ΢΢ʱ
һּΣյľ룬һֲӦ֮ľ롣Ȼӿһ˲ֱܵصǳȼӲϡ
꣬ǲ˺𣿡
Żģһϵǡ

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93 
ѵˮƵ,һ֡ȴȻԭأ˫΢ԲȻؿŽߵˡ

Ĵ֮׽,ֻŮ֮ȵϢհ¶,ڸ룬˿̲һΣھʵ
ǡôᣬôܣ
꣬˵òãеŮֻӲӿ,ľȻûϲ⣬ֻз׵ɫ
ǱŴˡ
ͷһʴڻع飬վŵ𣿿,Լ,ᷢġ
ĿͶˣܿ޸,ԶҲԼ⡣
Ȼ,ʲô
Ҳ޸ˡûзſ,øߴסָǼȡޱִֵ,Ҫ,ֻܼ޸ҡ
˵ն,·𷽲һ˲ֻһĨ
Ϊʲô
𾪹,ȫȻԻ,ǰ꣬ȻһʧصİС
ΪʲôһҪȢӦ½˼ͣӦ½˼һŶԣӦҲ
⡭
ֳƿصĸоʵ̫ˡϲû߾ȣиãȻ⡣
׵һڳ⣬ŵҵĽ
ˣ磬㷽ǹҿЦ԰ɣͻأЦһԼ֪ѾϸЦ
ֻǻδ˵꣬һȣĻȻֹ
꣬㡣
ǳֹȴŨҵľ
ϵЦסˡ
ķӦʵڳϡڴ֮ǰезӦ
õĽǣһģֻԼĽǣӴ֮Ы
ûϵһô꣬˽֪ĹҲ˺
̫ˣôߡ
˺ֿܶܣҲ˼˺ܶӦԵķȻķӦȴеĿ֮⡣
꣬˵òã𣿡˱ŻˣεĲȻĶȴҲûκڵǿӲԵ

ûֻǾûĵ

Ȿǲܵ£ȴˣѵĵЦڼ˼ȫȴҲһĴ
һʱ䣬ԽĽ
áĬ˼Ϣ뵽һɣصͷԣãôϲңһŪˡ
ԣʱܴĥһͬ޼䣬ԶȻ밮顣
ʮãôͻȻϲңҲ֪˵˵Լٵ磬㶨Ȼǻˡûϵģյ£һᵱûзǻǰһ
֪꣬ǲãûκѪԵϵ˵꣬ĻԺαˣ
šüģɫ΢ס
ԼģҲŪɫ׵룬˶٣վǿѹŭƵ̫
ˣŪԼ⡣
ȻȴĻҪִƫִΪֺá
Ҫḧ˵գֻǻδŮȻ㿪ָ΢΢һǱקܣȻ£ָָڷס
ɿ˶Ի˵Ľһƺ׷ſ
֪Լ˵ʲôʲôؿһۣĿһᶨ꣬ҲСˡ֪¶˵̫ͻȻҲ㣬һĻش𡣡
վûǰ¶Ҳֻһشе˲ΪһεĽ
̧ͷǰˣֱһ̣ŻȻֵǸСʵѳˡ
ѾΪһˡ
ҴСǼˡŪԼ𣿿ᣬһʲô
һҹ˯⡣
Ϩ˵ƣһƬڰΨдϡ¹ЩҲɢȥһҵĻ谵
뾲ڴڣżҹȻûпˣĨϤϢ
⣬û뿪
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꣬壬ÿ½ʺȥɽ¡һΪİɽµֲǵõɮһֳ뻯ҽ
⣬ӱϣӲмֻʣӣλ֮ѵһ
Ļӱֶô˻ǳ֡
ǹ׶㣬ѷ½ʺ󲢲ĻһϵĹ¹ŮİΣðκηա
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½ʺȡ˴˴ɽ֮еģ֮ǰҲͬˡ½ʺǣĵڶգŮ˵Ҫȥɽ¡
Щ½ʺ󿴵ķŮʵŷ𡣵ΪТ˳ɣЩһֱ˳ĸס
գ꾹˵Ҫȥɽ£
ĸ֪ǡƽԾƶ߳׽ⳡսۣӦýˡ
Ҳýˡ
½ʺ˼ֻɲͬգУҲ׼
գЦһ½ʺߵǶܷˣĻһϵں֮ڣѵܴùĸΪ׼ɣ
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½ʺеùŮһˮΣ̾һȥԣٶһЩҪһЩ׼
ллĸˣõףܳΪŮһ֮¡½ʺĻԴĸףκͲᡣ
ĻӵЩȷʵΪǣûҶĻҪɱҲֻ޹
ƫƫһҶ
Ҷһܵеùǧˡ½ʺΪŵЩȷʵһľӢҲֻǴδķˣεеùɣ
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ȥɽ£Ļһϵ˵һõĻᡣӵԣǻô˻ץסȥв½ʺ
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ˣҵһӦþܻصȷĵ·˰ɡǷֻҪˣʱȥһգġ
һֱԼ·ĿģܱĩáҲԼΪĴ
ȻһԵҲҷɡվֻһֻаķˡ
Խ죬λԽð꣬±λˡ
Ǵʦ֣ȴǴʦ֡
ѽôˣ½ʺܵһʪæףŮȴŮ֪ʱᡣ
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½ʺʱˣæΪŮᣬôˣﲻ£ĸȥ̫ҽ
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˵֪Сһжඪ
ǡ룬꣬ǱĸĴСԱǿҲ޷ɣ
֪˭˵Уֻ깫ԲЦ
ûϢ
ˣŷԼûôǿ¹һ̰꣬żһ˳谮С
᲻뿪½ʺҲ᲻á硣
С£ˣ½ʺΪŮΪͬȥɽ¸ˣЩΣҪĸһξܹˣˣˣ޳СèˣɲƯˡ
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һɡ
úúãĸӦ㣬ԣˡ޶ˣ岻á
ĸ׵ʵ̫ᣬԼĿǸůĻ硣
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ңǶȻȫ׼
Ȼˡ
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ˡ
ȻɭϵĲãҲûеסҶ벢⣬ɽ֮ǰԤƵһС
Ҷɽ²
ԣȻܲҶĵǳҲδ̹󷨡
ԼһʱҲƿ
֪һɫƽ룬Ҷһ˿һۣȻЦˣǱ㲻ϻˡְɡһΣһƴȫ
δ䣬缲һֽ빥˹ȥԼ˵ֶ뷨
Ȼˣ֮޷ԽĲࡣ
һĻᶼûУ֡൱
֦ȴĽҪƳһϣֻһ̽Ҷţ̴ࡣ
ͬʱҶĽҲ˶ŮĲʵѪð˳˳Ž
վǲһС
顪
Ҷصϥ˵ϣؿڵѪˮһ˳ת˲Ⱦѡ
ҪˡٽȴЦˣƺܿġҶǰˣȻһϡ
ûзƺҶϳ⡣
ãˣˡҶϵЦŨˣΪԼ˶ģˣáܹϡá
ֱҲ֪֡ЦԽԽᣬֱɢ˷С
Ҷʶɢһ̣λŮƶ˵΢
ҶȻɴ۾šôܡϴδô֪֣ϳ
ݵ۹Ȼôá츳ڵĲҪȴƫġϧˡ
վҫ۵չ£һȹȴһʥ⣬ȴֱչ⻹Ҫҫ֡
ʶɢʱҶȻλŮϵϧϧ
ϧˣϧˡԭ˿Ŭ
á
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ʵûбֳǰɣλ֮ͬһΪǳʵ
Ȼ˼ķͽǲһӮˣҲþȫ
һӣҶʱΪޣһҲ˵ϡΪԼѡĽ֣Ҳûʲô⡣
㣬ҲҪ뿪ˡ
ҶµȻڡޣƣһҹԶɢ
ʱӦѾ˰ɡ
ҲãҲ˸̫ûϢ½ʺᣬԼ˵
ɡ
ڱĵϣޱ߼ʵţȻ֪ģƢʵãֻʱȫ
˱ˣҲһӡ
顪
һȻɢ˼
Ȼתͷ˳ˡԡѪϲ˿ڣû˰򶨡ܵúܿ죬ײײǱ˫侲ī˫Ⱦ˿µѪ֮ɫľ
ǡħ֮ס
ôᣬôôͳ֣ôƵ󣿶ң½˼ͻúõģΪλħ
ĿǸѪˣ㱼侹ǻصΪȡ鴳ɱһա
һ仰Ҳû˵ֻѪ죬ɷˣɱµаħһֱԸһգΪΪĴʦֻûǵа
ڣֿˡ
Ϊʲô
ڵߣ侲ľƫִ
˵㲻꣬㲻
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ʱʲôʲôʯͷʳ
˫һɣٺٺ٣ϣҲô硣


94 
ûõ,硭㲻Ҫ׷ٴԴԴϵӿ̶ֳȵ,ֻеľ
һΣܰǰ,Ҳı䲻ȥԼϿ塣
ȫǵòʧ
Ҫܾ˳˿ȴϵִ֣ûиκεĻᡣľǣÿһ,ϵħϢŨһ֡
ȥ߻ħǼϢ֮¡
㲻˭ҲܰߴߡԽɳƣЩϴ̶,˵ú,꣬˵,һֱҵġ˵ġ,㲻ƭҡ
ظһ仰,ÿһΣĻҾͶһЩ
ҲҶˡ
ħֻʶһ㣬ϵӰһ֡˵ʲô,šԻãȻѹϲá
Ļ,׳׿Ũҵ˿־ִ͸顣һ˲,벻ǰе˶ױ
ϲ
,˰
ϲ,½˼һŶԡֻȴִֻع硣
ˣĻħһһжǰ
뽩ͷ˫ȾѪɫĺһ˽ѵľ档
һΣ׸ƾ֣
һ̣ۿѪɫŨֻס֣ȻһҲƭ㡣
ֻԼ֪仰˵Ļԡ
Ȼڵһ˲Ѫɫȴȥת˲ֱһꡣ
֣ŴʧԽԽϵϢҲԽɫǱֽҪ԰ס
ôˣ仰Ұ׵ȴ˲ųһĨЦաףɬĴüġ
֪ģƭҡ
紿ɶһޱƭ
꣬㡭ϲ꣬ϲꡭҪ뿪Һòã૵ϲϲ
ļȻ۾Ǳ˫εӡ
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жĻǱֻҶΪԭȻֳ˲СĶֱӵĴɱ˿־塣
ֳδ֪Ȼ˺¡Ŵ£һ˱˹
½ʺɫ԰ףۿͨ캧ˣûпޣֻɭ
ĸ󡭡
ʱԣ½ʺ󣬱ֻʣ´ȻΡ
û¾ͺû¾ͺã겻£ĸ󲻻κ۸ġ½ʺḧ˸ͷԽᣬΨŵŮ겻£°Ѿȥˡٲ´ˡ
ĸĴĸ󲻸÷ȥɽµģĸٽһ㡭Ͳˡ
ૣлں޴һ
ǵģĴԼѡ·ұǸģ¡Ρ
ҡҡͷƲסҪ½ʺ󣬿֪ܡǰ½ʺʵǺ
֪̫ͲǺ¡
ֻļжáȻ䣬δ¾һ죬ǰֻʣһ·ҡ
Ҳûеڶѡ
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Ȼǿо˻ʵˡɽ»صҲṳ̂һ
½ʺ½˼ҲҲ
һ·Ļþָ򶨴ݣٿַħģ
ƺͬ
Ҫ˵кβһǱøԵһЩʵ֪ϲ׽ʱһִֹĶռ
Ȼ˵֮ΪԽһЩٲκΡǲκοƣơ
֮֮δƼ
뱾Ϊ½ʺֹ½ʺĵ̣ΪȻʮãһܹ˷顣½ʺӣӦΪԵˡ
û뵽ǣ½ʺȴƺĬˡ
˼תúܿ죬̱ˡ½ʺ˹ʶ
ͣ½ʺ壬½ʺҲ½ʺȻں塣
ܻס
Сһ꣬㳢һһιߣ̧㿴ǰꡣ
ôϲ𣿡ûһùԱ߹ӸǳӸնһЩǣζ𡣡
һ˵һҨһӸιߡ
Լɡ
廹ûҪźĵزҲϰ֮ǰľ飬ݵġ
δΣ˺֢øˣʳסϣ޾ϸҪԹʡ
ÿòͣ㶢Խȥ
˫ԭ򣬵ʵûʲôʳýֲòԡ
Сĵ㣬Ī̵ˡ
ҪԼԣûоܾԼӹ롣˸óΪôǣ漴ִ֣ϸϸΪ֡
ĩˣϸ۰ֱǡ
һжˮ붼ҲܾĻᡣңûбҹˣ·ԼȨ
ɲӵ飬ǹܲˡֵʾ⣬Ҳ۹۱ǱǹģˣҲϰˡ
롣
ǲܾһڸֲɷ֮ͨŮӻҪСĶ֣ڵ壬Ҳ׶ɷܲס
Լģû֮ǰ뵽ײ̡
ЩÿһαۣƺصɽµһգɷħϢ
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˵ˣǵЦŨƺ뵽ʲôĵ£۽üҾЦ⡣
ʵЦЦҲǳЦЦֱס
ƺԼ³ڴ
ûע⵽һ㣬ŵĻͷ΢ʱ˼
ҶˣĻһϵԪˣȴҲŭ½ʺԲŹǡ
ˣеľԽš
ûҶĻ̵ıֻеĳ谮ֻϧǰźȻ˹̶ֲ̼գѲಡˣ󲿷ʱ䶼ڻ˯ѵʱ١
Ż˯ѣ½ʺ˴λ֮ˡһ޾仹δҲûʲôֱˡ
ճǱԴΪɣ½ʺ
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񿿲סĻҪλΨһ·ߡ
գעһ˵;ĩ·ŲɣΪ½ʺҪĻȡ
꣬Ϊ㱨ġٴִ֣ȵĴ׵ָǣ͵š
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ȴûм˵ȥֻǿ룬īɫۣŨҵüס
꣬ϲ𣿡
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ĿһʶҪܿش⡣ӱܵһ˲뵽ڲȶӲֹס˶
ħѶһע⣬ٲ
л˵
е㿨ģֻǧ͸͸ϾоѶϵˣֻʱˡʯͷĺӽ



95 
Ȼ,ۼһֱѣȨ½ʺϣ˸޷,վա
ŻԵĵʮգΪĵ,дҡĻӷһ͢䣬ȺΧ˸幬˻ʺ½ϡ
ҶǰһʿĻӰ˲صú,ֱڣŹעһһŵơ
ʿǾѵ֮ʹľӢҪǿۼĻһϵʤ,һ˳絹Ļһɡ
һ,һʱĻӱ˳˸½ʺš
С
Χ,Ǿץ,ʺ½°ҲԱ
ƿй,̤˽ȥ
ֻйʺܴļ̬Ǹĵǰ
ڣվ½ʺ,๬˽Ա,ǽʺѪ
λӺĻʺ,ʱҲûƽյĹ,ЩǱ
½ٻ,Ӯˡʱô꣬ڿ԰½ٻ۲ڽˣֻҪһ뵽һ㣬˷ܵòʮ꣬½ٻѹʮ꣬Ӯˣ
û뵽ɣŮΣ㻹Ƕңߵ½ʺǰһ֮࣬ЦŵֻҪ뱾Ǹģһȫʬ
½ʺȴЦЦϲĻұ΢֮ɫǲ½ٻģ
ֻҪһĺҲѹƲס
㣬ôࣿλ֮λҵĲŶԣ˶⣬ңϲҲңϲ㣡Ȣ㲻Ȳѣǰ½ҵȨơ
ʲôһһһ˫ˣȫƭģʼնδֺΪ½ΨһĵճС㣬½ٻܾǧ谮ֻһܳ谮ı΢Ůǳ½ٻ⣬½ΨһŮ
ĸ½ҵһѾߣһ⣬뵱ʱ½ҼҲ½ٻ۵˹ϵ½ӸΪ˲ģѾ߱У½ҲҪѾߡ
Ȼû뵽±½Ϸ֪Ϸ˵ȻҲϲѾߣȴ᲻Ѿ߶ĺӡ
Ϸ˵ĹϵǸѾֻ½ûиκ֡ºѾ֣΢죬ԼѲ
ֻһŮŮϷҲʧȤú½ҲһŮ½ٻۡ
ʵʼ½ҸŮ޽ʼҡ
ʵۼɵǰ㣬½ҹ̫ʢٰŮͽʹ½к½û췴֮⣬ȻҲԸϽ֮С
ΪŮѡ˺ܶĶɣƫƫ½ٻۿ˵ʱǻӵš
ʱ֣΢˹ϵܳΪΪ½ٻۺһţеŬ׷ˣ
½ٻ۳Ļ½ҵ֧֣˴Ůˣȴֻܼ޸һС٣ӹµһ
ⲻƽ
ͬΪ½Ůƾʲô½ٻܵõôƫ֣΢첻
ۣûйĿġĳıô꣬վ½ٻ۵ǰ棡
½Ҹ߹ĵŮΣҲǸòɷ򰮵Ŀˡ֣΢Ц÷ǳģڴ½ٻʹģ°һֱңֻҡǰ½ңʺ֮λҵģȢ㣬ֻΪˡ
Ȼ½ٻ۵ɫһֱƽЩɫҲûʲôЦһ
Цʲô֣΢ĿֻЦݴۼˡ
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96 
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ǿǧʱһС,ҲǡɴʼգĴʦֶǰûк˰벽
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ҪڷǻΪۣѶȲΪ͡
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緢ɣѴӣշɡ
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97 
,й¶ڼкȴֻˣɻ,Ա࣬
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뿴,ΨԵǲܶɽٳɹع硣
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ǰȻץס֡Ҫȴͽ͡ȥɷѾ´ʱ

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Ůӣȴǵۻʣ֮ȻԾΪԸȥжʹ
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ϣźԶ㿴˹֮ǰλŮۡԶϲĵԽˣҫ
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ڶҪλˡڰ˵θҪǿϧǸ׳TnT


98 
Ǳѵġ۾ʱ,һ˲ֱΧϤĻӦ˹
صӡ
ˣ˼ˡ
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δ䣬Ѿϲ˳ȥ,Ϣ,һϤ˸˽
壿
׾֮ƺúż,Ϣ΢΢Щ,,̾һ룬ˡ
˿,ȴϲ,Ϊӡ
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ʵԱ·,˯ٹ,˵λǡ
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ȻֱڣҲûг֡ˣĸӦһ˲δӦϢɽϢӣ˲ˡ
·ҲǷ䲡ķˣΪǾ࣬
ʶһ˲ӡȲض
ܵ֮ȫʢ֮ʱҪǿ󡣴˴·ʧһʶȫסټء
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ϣʮգѾȥˡδشĵͯѿڶˡ
һգ˼һ꣬˼˿ˡûֹͯʮǰ˼һߡ츳ߣȴа񣬲ʮ꣬ƿϽ硣Ȼδ޳׹аħɱңͿ̿
˲ȥѹаħȥ޻أƶɢˣ˵ȫаħԵˡаħ֣̫ȴҲĶ֡
ᵽǸаħͯϱǲزסĿ־壬·Ϊ£˱أϳѹаħֻʱδվ˳ǰԳɽȥѰаħȻһȥֱڻѶҶ˵ǡ׶༪ˡ
ͯɽ㻯ԲΪݣ뵽ҲаħĶ֣Ҳ̲ס
뷽֮ԱѣΪЩС֣̲ͯ̿סһĿ
û˵Ĭ˼ϢźһֱĬԵĺ
֪ͯȴͬƺһͬ·ֻأ飬ȻԵɡ
˿ֻܳͷ
ǡаħʲô֣ɫƽȻָȴʶճȭ
ݵ˵ڼ
½ؾϣаħ½ͯ˳ص˷ǴĵĻʷ򡣾˵鵱գĵɡ
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¹˺ܶ꣬ĵշɱ˽ֵֻҪĿһĻˣһҲǵշ¡
˵콵⣬Ǵ֮աĵ۱ƣԭɣϽ磬λɰࡣ
ҲŴ£ĵֻ˲һµĻʵۣȴܰվ͵Ļʵۡһ˵õȮ죬ĵ۵ĸɷҲõ˼洦
һ޾ĵ뿪̫֮½ϴйһӷλ
ֻʮ֮׵۳ɣȴǲѧӹܡ½̫λŮ֮ǻΪۣĹΪ
۵ǻ֮󣬴ĸǰҵ󰲳ǿĹҡ꣬ɴ󽫾½սķֻʱ䣬˴һͳ
ʮǻΪۣλʮꡣ󣬴󽫾Ҳĵ۵Ļʷ½Ҳ뿪ˣ֪٣˺˵Ϣ
ֱʮĳһգɫ䣬鲼ʣһߴӣִ죬̤˺֮С
˵ǷˣҲ˵аħֻаħؾ䣬ɽӶ
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ֻǵɻħҲ˵֪
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л˵
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99 
Ϊλ֣ѵϲаħ𣿡Դվϳ̨֮,ϹϢ㴫硣
ֻǾϴص֮󣬾δ˼죬,ǲðȻȥء
ֱǰаħ½,ŵĻ̡̻Ȼаħ̫ǿҪɱס
ϾĶ֣Ҳһȥ飬һиǻȻ
Ļ,аħܣ۷׷ףݴΪ簲ȣΪΪȻҲ᲻ɱаħ,ɾϣ
˵ö,ϲаħҡ
ԣ˶¶֮ɫĿþϻΪһĻ˲,ֻȥǧ,ǾϵĶ,ɾϵƷ
ǵȻɾϣֻǵаħҶѡѾôˣȴٳٲ,ҲҪиԵɰɡ
ǰ,ϵʲô˼
,ֻҪӱǡݳ,,϶᲻ġ԰꣬ٵȵȣϻǱʲôµˡ
ʲô±ɱаħҪ
԰ɻвﱻаħ׽ס֪ٵȥˣ
ҲȾϣֻǵ׵ﰲΣ
ҲΪδҽԭ
ʵڴ֮ǰἰҪаħ֮Ѱϡֻ˭Ҳû뵽аħǰǿΧܡ
ǰ岻پӢʧ٣˵ǱаħץȥżˡҲԹȥˣֻϧаħˣ˵Ȼرץˡ
ʧء
ڼǰһȥ˲û˰취ݵĴ£ϳɽ
ڴ֮ǰʵȥ𸮣ֻϧδ˵չء֮£תսء
֮ǰ·սѲ֮¡
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һԣݿأ¶һĨЦ⡣
棬˵½𣿡½Ͻһˣֻϴߣʩ˿ݡ
ݲͬԪ飬Բǳܱȡ
ԲдԪЦһ½صúãϵϢһ޶ǱˣĹˣȴң
˵ˣԪ䡣
ϴαˣҲԱֻܶӳı
ҲãͬУǸ
붨ȻҲ֪Ͼߵġ˵ˣԪЦ֪ãҪȫͱɱԼװĴʦ֡ȻҪеְ𡣳ħ𣿡
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ܶλᷢطʱĻ棬ȴδ뵽ǸûطĻᡣ
½ʺĴ벻ᣬʼնһĸŮԵһջѡ
ǱͲܡָ󣬱㲻ִⳡӦڵĸ顣
¾ʱź벻ᣬȴδлڡ
̫ˣ˵̫Ըˣûеڶֽ֡Ȼʵȴǣʦַǵû˳ɽٳɹַаħ
벻֪гʲôʡ
˵󷨳ɹʦָֻм䡣ֻҪָˣȻ˳ˡ
ƺǰԵóԸǿڷȹһȻЯַ磬յԲ
һȫûз
ʦûлƺҲûл뷭ȴֻܲ鵽Ϣ鲻о巢˺¡
ϼأת걾Ӧоʮû⣬ȷʵ൱ڳˡʹýй¶У첻㣬ûгŹʮꡣ
ʮ꣬ʮաȷʵ뿪ʮպģֻǻȴֻһ߳˯ѵǡ
˯˰ʮ죬ֱپˣ
ĳͷҲûϵ⡣Ϊ⣬˲õĽ
˯˰ʮ죬ڷ˵ȴѾ뿪ʮꡣʮ꣬Է̫ˡ
ϼأߺ꣬½˼ͳףɲˡ
½˼ɷɪһãúԲֻصУ˼޳ˡ
һжʦ޹ء
Ϊʲô
ѵʦûлָ
Ϊʲôûк˼һ𣿡˼⡣ɽϣ뿴׾ɣǺԻͲ⡣
󣬰׾Ȼ͹λˡ
˼˼ʮֱ꣬½ʺ뿪ٲߵ˾ͷԣ׾֪ϵļظ
ûãȰݵ˴ˣѰ׾˹ȰеŪܼһ
뵽ݵ˵аħϱһŨŨӰ
׾ɿ룬һ֮Ҳޣ֪ǸûаٵĸϣͷЩɬ
ڲЩʱ򣬻иҪҪ
룬㵱ϲƺ𣿡شֲΪϲ½˼֪ģϲǡ㡣
һΪٵжôϲꡣˡ
ǹ˼꣬ʱɱ١
һҲδ벽һͷԵޣԼ䰮ﻤǰΧסκ졣
׶ְԵԼİ֮ʱȴαװ÷ǳ޺
׾ʼĸ顣ϲƺϲתҲܱ˿졣
ǲǣЩָνͣ
ⲻҪֻҪָ˼䣬ȻԼϲ˭
ָ䣿
֮ʱ󷨣ڡļָ֮ǰѾɹˡ
Ϊˣûʲô⡣
ǡ˶٣Ŵûлָ䡣򣬸޷ͺ顣
⣿ɫѿͷǳģҵ󷨲ûáѵʧˣ
ԣ׾üһͬ󣬺ⷽʣ󷨴δʧܹ
ʧܣָνͣ
ΪλħĬãʵ
ʵⲢѻش𣬲ǰ׾ɣɽСͯҲ֪˵½ĵ꣬뿪֮δȢ
ΪѰɵĵֻۣ̿ʮʱ䣬쿪أ뿪˷䡣˼յĽ߻ħа
Ͼֻа˿Ľ档
½Ĵв壬Ȼܣ˶֪ƽ
Ҳ֪жôλĵۡ
˽֪Ϊβ֪ð׾ɻش˵֮Ȼ죬ⰵȥ
ǵ·֮ؽУԳǼˣ֪ĵ۱תҲ֪λɵаħ½
ֻֽס𣬴¸˶áңҲǼȥ
ʵ׾һĵڶգݵ˱ء
ϳɽҵаħ
һΣ벻ٱܿҶҲӡҲһֱδ飬ΣҪȥԼ½
ֻӲܱв֮ˡ
ңв˻ݡ
֮ǰչһķϣû˼ȥݾȻţΪ
뵽ϵһϢ޿ֵĵƣ䡣
乴˴Ļûӡ
˴ιλΪջȱӡϵ׼ȷ˵ĸӦ
ѡӽˡ
ƿ磬Ͻ黹ǡ顣һһӡٷת
ƶ𽥻ۣһӰ
Ǳݲк˵ľʮλˡ


100 
ûֱӶ,ȥħ硣
аħ½Ͻ󣬻ûȥ磬ȥħ硣ռħ,סħ
ʵ½Ͻ绹ʮաֻǲʮյĹ,Ѿҡ
Ļңħ絹ƽ࣬½סħ
뵽ħʱδңֻħߵħࡣ½,ħ˽䱸ħǶ˼С
أҲûоħ壬ܿ㵽ħС
һħҲû,ǰĹ,ﾹ˲Ϥ֮С
ϤĵطԺҲܿƵðһˡ
˵,ħһսʧٺ,δ֡չȥ,ħȻ֪١˶˵ħѾˡ
뵽Ǹˣ뿴ħĿ΢΢һ
,ѹЩӵ˼,ֱħ½ԭ,ħûħħ,ȻҲ
ֻ½ǿʹ,˱ûҲ˸Ҵ
⵹Ƿ룬ֹ˳ħ֮ǰҲôϵֻǽδյ
Щ
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һ̤ħǰһٶʱǰѾһģʱܵһϢһİϤϢ
Ųһ٣̧һϤĸߴӰǰ
һ£ϴһɫߣһжôϤȴİͻأĳǰ
˫īͫͬϤػ꣬ˡ
ش˺Ц
˵Ƿֱ𲻹ֻգ֮䡣˵ȴʮꡣ
Ҳ꣬ȥϵϢԽû˰ɬۡ
û˵ֻؿųˡ
һ߳һ߽ϵߣ¶ŸϤĿաȥģƣۿȥԷкβͬ
˼ʮ꣬Ͻʮգ꣬Ѱʮʮաߵǰü˵ᵽ˴˵Ϣ꣬ң
شѾȵ֪жô㣿ÿҪ衭ͷڷ޲ͬ·Ҫ
ȻĴȴûȥֻǱۣһζ̰
ûбֻܿͷʵûлָ䣿
ԣ۾Ĵ΢΢һĨȻЦ⡣Цȴ޶Ц⣬üа޼ɵľֹסĿ־塣
ϵаɷŨʵʡ
ʵҲûʲô˲𡣡ЦЦûָ䣬û½˼һǲǺʧ
Ǹ꣬ʧˡָ֣ᴥŮգõĴЦʧˡ
˵ţǻȸԿó鼫á
½ȴΨѹ𣿡ָ΢٣ش𣬺һתЦʧ˻Ƴ䣬꣬ΪҪƭң
еྶͥа磬ϲŭ޳һаħ
ļǱһ£顣
˵ֻϲҵģ˵Ҫһ˵ҪҵģΪҪƭңȻ°͵ͷϣ̾ϢΪʲôֻҵ꣬Ҳ
һ仰˵üᡣᣬȻ
ֻΪҪЦǻ˶𶯣㿴ǲҲϽ硣
꣬Ҳϲ½˼ֻͣϲ㰡
һȻһ̣ٿ۾ܿȵĿ⡣
˵ˣ
ǿѹĵ׵Ļңɫ㲻Ը㻹صĴʦ֣𣡡

̧ͷֱǰˣһһٵĵ
ϵЦʧĿĿһʱ䣬˭Ҳû˵ȴȻ
ʦ֣ɡڻԻͷ
Ż
˵ˣҲĴʦ֡ΣޱĵҲ
ԶҲˡ˵ˣٴЦ˳üĿ䲻а꣬ŵϵѪɱˡö˰ŵζţ𣿡
ˣԶҲᡣ
룬ٴǿˣҲˣ
㡭
ü˵
Ϊңû˵꣬ȻϽкЩգΪң
ѰĶʦֶ𣿡Цţȴȱѩ䣬Ϊ꣬ں𣿡
Ӳǲз浶
ҪԣǱöɡߣЦһɱҡ
л˵
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101 
δ,Ȼ빥˹Ĺɴ䣬ûа飬뱾ֵֵܵ
Ϊ,δλ,ΪȴȻȫʢ֮ʱ
Ϣйȥû˵벢ֻûʱ룬Ϊǲɱ,粽á
СɣһҲòȫӦԡһʱ䣬˶κβ˶Էһʱֲʤ
ֻǴһ,ֺȻ֡û뵽ͻȻ,Ʋ齣
ս˽,һ˻ƵЦ
,᲻ɱ𣿡Ц,ðѪ˿ɼѪ˳ĴǡȻȥǵѪ飬Ѫء
Žָ΢,ʦ,ɡ
⻰,ɫٴ,ɫ˵,ˡ
üø˵ʲôȴһɱй赲ֻȻһһ˲ǰһڡ
ٶʱǰû˵Ӱ
ҪĶʦ֣ҪôԼҪôɱҡд˻ƵЦֻ꣬ʱ俼ǡպǲûиĴ𰸡
˵ˣȻ䣬Ǳʦʬɣ
δ䣬ǰѾָƽ
ˡ
ûȥ׷վԭأħáΣͷнĽϣһѪۡ
*
ͷصħءһȥȻŻһѪɫѪŪ˰ĵ档
Ѫӿ˺ѷεľʹҪûȻˣȻһĨЦ
ûȥϵʹſ˽յ֣ﾹһڷڷط˱£ͷ滹Ϣ
΢ۣ·ͨᱡͷ
ϵ˿ûѪϸܵʹ˿ʹľʹ΢ȴܵˡ
ڻָУøǿˣǿ˵
á
Ʒһ롣ֻֻһ졣
ȥϴϵѪ˽
ʦ֣ˣһһԽȻ𣬴ŵǣ㲻̣Լˡ
סŲ˳ȥԶһ˱ڽУʱһӳﲻġ
ǲǰѰĲ
ң˵ˣҲʲôʦ֣ɫ䵭룬ҵΣ޹ء
ǰˣһۣûм⣬ĬƬ̣΢΢һתˣˣǻָˣ
ԣɫ䡣
˲Ŀ忡˫ͣ䣺ôϲ𣿡
ѰġȲشԹԵ㲻ˣҲǼġҪ㣬ȵʹͬͬ⡣ҪճɾǱ
βסʣϢħϢ㣬Ҳ
ҲϲֻѰ뵱ʦãŮ֮顣
Ȼ˿ڣȻֹ
˵ʲôĽָ˲ĲֻҪ΢΢һ磬˲Ĳӣ˵һΣ
ɱ磬Ҫû˲
ɫȴҲδ䣬Ȼƽǰˣٴγ˵Ҳϲ룬ֻʦáˣˡ
죡
һɱŨľһĽ˲Ĳ㾹Ȼ˵ûŮ֮飿֮ĸ顭㲻ϡң
Ųһ˲䣬ƺĺ޲ʱɱȻнȴûٽһ֣Žָףֱ
ֱӣҪ˵ȴûȥֻһӣǷס˵˻
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ˣһԿڣϵĽƱһ֡
ʦһͬΪ˫սϣʦֶӡʦֻСʦóɲʦƥС
Ҫ⿪ʦֵĽƣҪķѺܳʱ䣬ֻʱ
գҲδȥֻħСֻգգ۱ɵȴȴԵüѰ
ҪֲҪԼҲ֪ǲ롣
ȥƷǿԼ붨ȻʧˣЩϰʧܣδа⡣
ֻǳ˳ǣ۾˷·ľġ
ʱһζ
Լգյ۾˽֮⡪ܵϢԼܶ˵Ϣ
ˡ
аħˡ
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ֻɨһۣջߣǰ·ûа
һ䣬ֻ뵽ļƻӲѹĵ׵ŭԼżٹãҲʲôѹͷϡ
ֻҪǵΪȻܾˡʱ֮˭ӮˣӮҡ
ż
뻹ǶŲ˶ˡվۣ֮Ϊ֮κ
ǡڴʱһɷ˽Ծ
ħͷˣ
һ˲һ˳˲ԶֱϽŲֻһ֣ɷѪֱ
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ˡһ룬ɨһˣЦѾ˾ҪɱҶ𣿡
ûлشֻǿһ۲Ȼûһ񽣡˼ԶҪ֣Ĵɱ
ˣҲ
ϵЦʧˡ
ҪɱҡҪΪɱҡһЦִǳԥĴ˹ȥ
ǷĽⲢδԸ̽࣬һѽסˡ
ɹĹȥΪ׵ıĹԶ΢Ψɫ䡣
Ҳֻ˵
ɫ䣬翪У񲻿ɵû˷ָȫʢǵ֮û˿ɣִ๥˹ٶȿ켫ˣ·˼
Ҫİ֮ˣͬȻ֮
ҪΪ˱Ҫ
ȴûκο־壬ֻ۾˼ɵĳΪһֱҪ
㡭鲻Խس롣ᣬҵսϣΨ
֪ԼΪҪʱһ˲վˣ᲻аֳɣ
ϧ˿ա
ɱаħ
̫ˣ
䣡
Χ˾Ļҵķ·ϲ¡
ȴʲôҲˣƿѪǰؿڵľʹһ˲漴ЦˣȻ󻺻۾
ϢԽԽСֱʧ
ûгɣڻҲûгɡİ˳Žֱֱ̽ţ̴ġΪһˡ
ûгɡ
л˵
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102 
һ̴,ȻҲҪ˵ĻΨݵɫѿ
ô£
㲻һ˵Ϊ,ػܾ˵ģȻɱˣ
ľûϵġ
һʱ,˶ֻŻ죬ֻʬ巢㶣ͷ΢١
ȻûܾˣһҲ˲,ʱҲʱ򡣴һλᣬҵڶˡ
ϾҪһᲢ۵ħͷҲܣˣץסᡣ
ţһ,һҧ,Ҫǡʱȴһѹ,һ׹,һ˲,Ǳһ֮С
Ȼ֡
ʯƣΪ̣滹󷨡Ԫû,ǻƿ,Ȼȴ
ʵ̫,˶ûзӦ,,ͣ
֪Ϻιˣ
ǿԼ侲ֻϿ򶨣ð˺һʵ̫ͻȻˡ
԰Ϊΰס
Ҳ˹ֻɻȴǰΪݽֻ롣ǿ˿Ȼⷴ
ϵڵ֮
нʧȥ¶ȵҲΪǹ⣬ɢ֮䡣
һɢصǹ⣬ջĿ⣬³ġ
ʲôӦúס벢δ˵ֻһ˴
һ̣˱ʧǰʱһ
ô£ǲǱ½ץ߳ᡭǱΪЩȫ½ɱˣǴţ
½ץǣݣ
ԣݣ壡
ЩӢߵĿʯеݣߺ޲ѣץǣҪȡǵΪԪ飬аħ
һָأܶ˲ţô˶ָݣɲòšˣӡųǾʮλ˵Ԫ顣
ݶаϧкλˣǵԪɱݺɱԶ񶾣к飬ﲻ⣬
֣ɱ
Ŀġ
ҪʦףҲҪݺһӡͨأϸݵС
ÿ˵һϵľױһ
׷ˣգҲ췣ζ
δ˺޹½аȴҲδΣ˼䣬һжݾơһһٵգ֮а
Ĵʦаɴδ˺޹֮ˡ
δ
δ䣬׻ٿȻȥ
ݵȻܣȻѼƻһУˡһж֮У֮ԴһˣΪʦĿġ
ֻʯУݲҽһϵѪ⾹˲Ϣ仯Ϊޣһ˲һӰгҪ
Ԫ
ֻһ飬ݿסҪԼҪ
ˣһ࣬ǵӰһץսӡС
Ǿһɣ
ԪȻıĸԸԼǵͽҲȲá
ˣǱͬھɣ
ϹŴܣֻʣһ飬ҲСص֮λһͬػҪ¡
ħ𵴣繲֮
žҲӡС
ѡӡضغȻ֮еа֮¶Ρ
ҪӡȴĸԸ
Ϊߣ²ΪءʦǴʦ˵ĻһֱΪ˻֮ǵ²֮ʣΪٻӦеְͦ
Ϊףֹˡ
ԲΪӦΪҲ١ۣ㱼Ϊһ塣
һּ̣Ĵʦ֡
Ĵʦ֣²
Ȼһ
˶Ͽȥֻħ谵Ϻ̻ҫ
ƽ֡
۾̻۶ɵİ˸֡
Ϊ׼ġֻٵˣûзųΪʦܣұ˰ɣЩҪѹˡ
ⳡ̻𣬻һٸƽᡣ
һٸƽᣬζһꡣ
֪ʱߣ룬֪ʦϲ㡣Ը
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ûпͷƯ̻𣬷·صʮҹʱҲΪص׼һ˼̻
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