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ʱֺ£ʰϱԵġ
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ʱչѧϰ£ԸϰŸĸĽ̵룬ʱֻ㡣
ںڷۻʱʱVһСʱ籣ĶƵ硣
ڷۣ
ԼңʱŮ˾Ȼǿȥ籣֣
ʱŶ

ȦСϢ
1Сǰʱ䱻ʱȡصλ
2󵨵㣬ȥ
3:ʱߣԹϵһߡ
ʱģɺϣôͣ
ѣҥҥʱߣ
ʱˣҪȥˣǿǳĹϡ
ϣƹϣϣξѡ
ʱֱũƷŴ㽨裬˳ԳŮĹϣÿ̡
*
ĳҽԺƬóĳҽȫһ˽Ϲ
˿˳ҵ罻ܿ˿ʱ½ϹĻ
ѣȻʱ㣬ԶڳԹϵһߣ
ʱûһֿܣϹ
ݱǩ   ˬ
ؼ֣ǣʱ  ǣ  
һ仰飺СʱÿԣΣϣ
⣺ʲôҪŬѼ
vipǿƽ£ʱԼտǱС˵ͬڻң뵽ڻҵ³Ȧ˳ӸĸԸϰƾһѧƵ𱬳ȦˣǽũƷҵҵ˳̸
ķȤŮù֮¼ƽѧƵ̴ұС֪ʶˮƹ飬ֵһ


1 
ʱˣΪ˾ͻȻᴩ·СŮ۵һ̣СŮĿ룬ãûйһСŮû¡
ʱܶ/С˵ܿͻῴڰ޳µЩһ
ͷˮΪ΢緢ײʱüֻˣ
ʱ㵽û˵ĻԱߴһŭŮ
ʱŲԱ߻ˣתͷǱ߿ͿһɫְҵװŮˣһŭؿ
ʱȷԼʶղȴ׼ȷؽгԼ֣ʶĲԾ
ʱղŲͦڸװʲôưͣ㻹ھȥĻϽȥǸܳ÷һЦؿʱΪٰˣתˣʲôˡ
飬գؼʱһ飬ѵǴˣ
ֱĿ˫ϣһͲ֣Ĵˣ֪ʱЩӡ
һƪȦŮܶģΪڻҼͬƼġ
Ȿ齲Ůһ·ӺһСȺݷܶӰ󣬲ջĹ¡
Ȼʱϲ̸ȫǸСѧⲢӰŮһ·ߵӰȻʲôɵ𣬶һԱ˺ݸǶԼݵĽɫ
Ȼû뵽ԼᴩǸԼͬĵù
ΪڻңȫΪغСѧΪúõİ̸ֱӽǡ
ΪŮս֣תʼ׷ԭ̼Ů
ԭڴԵɺϵؽȦȫһˡ
һӢʿҼõ˶չ׷Ϊһˣ̫
ԭΪҪʱ򣬲ŷغȷʵˣϧǺͬա
ԭȻģȥغݣȴԷ֪ͷβ̼յĹߡ
ҲʱԭغΪʲôǧټҪԭΪ˽̼ա
ãԭȻģʼֺŮԣݺϸһʼǶΣԲûйķ
˺ʧԭĸڣȻٳܣʼоݵطټغݵԭȫɱ˶Ȧ
ŵʱ˳Ӽ뵽ʱæ˸УԲУôΣְҵøϽȦǡ
ʱ㻹ԥʲôٺնѾˣ㲻Ϊ㻹лɣܳ÷һؿʱǽ֮ǰغҪԴߵغǳǴİ飬ǣ֪˰ɡ
ܳ÷Ļʱһ٣ããھŵһһжлء
ʱ˵ܳ÷ļֵʱٵĻѾ˵úˣʱҪòյ鷳ǳûҪ꣬ϾΪǲźͺõĲ𣿡
ʱ͵̧ͷܳ÷⣺Ҿ˵öԡ
ʱϵܳ÷ԽͶˣҪõŵ£˵Ϊһ磬ǽȦĴIPҪŮǽҲˣղҲŵᲹ㣬ǧҪɵ
ܳ÷һȰʱһǱҪԸɫԼӦ˭ȥʱԿ϶С
ܳ÷ʱ֪ģŮվǿⲿȦȦΪպĳɼι̵Ļ
סСĵһȻԶŮŮʲôľˣҪĻ϶ҪһʵõĲǡ
ԾѾ˵ʱܳ÷ȥ˸ڵ˽˻ױ䣬غݺء
ղ˹ʱƬ裬С꾫Ƭһͣ
Ϊ˷ֹʱ裬Բ˸ղܳ÷ǷȰ⡣
洫ƴչغݣ˵°ɡ
غͣôʱŵ̫ûɫջ˵Ŀں죬ͻȻҲǣշҲüһʱ
ȵغȥţĽøɸɾһ֪ԼҪʲô
Ϊæµҵغݣս֣ΪغһһŮ΢ʹ֪ǼٵģܲˣԸ˱ʾЭȻԴãֺαؼߡ
ȻغõʱЩ޹ɲãĶۻƫġ
ϾѾ꣬ʱԼһֱݸǣֱһõŮԴͲ
غݿŵļʮڣѾܶӦԷֱʱ˽
ʱ߽΢ǵģغЭҲвԭΪʱܵв
ȦȱľˣʱᣬƯҪ˫ûȦȾɫ۾غһĻʱġ
٣Ѿˣ֤Ժ󲻻˵ܳ÷һֺõؿغݡ
ʱԭļ䣬غȻ̸Сѧطȴõˮ©
׷ԭ£ûʲôʵԵ֤ݣ΢ţÿζͨϵʱǳ֣֮ദʱʵ࣬ÿγȥ񲻹շհˡ
üһĿǾҪԭҪֳȥȫ˵غ׷
ԸⲹΪŮǰԼһԼŮΡ
ʱһֱͷغЩü˵ҸղŶ˵úˣ㲻Ҫٶұл룬˾պóﱸۣԭȥġ
ǶߣغݾԼѾùˣǹգѹͲʱ
Աߵܳ÷ϸʱʹɫ̧ͷ׼ɷ
⼸¼װ׷Ҳһ𣬾Ϊ˴̼С㣿ʱһԹؿغݡ
ʱȰþա
غݼձõ飬ɶݺݵؿʱ
ʱһ޹ؿغݣУȻ˵ҪұˣҲֱ˵ˣҲҪۣϾ°ļƻ̫ࡣ
ʱͲû˼дˣغĥĥȻȦգЩĽٵŮˡ
ʱŭҵ³֪ġغһĲ͡
˾ǱɱҹŵҲ´Ьģ˵ˣⲻԼ˵ģΪ˸лҴٽСͺãҪұ𣬻˵㷴ˣʱ˵һӵؿһغݣʲôôС
ոغݿǰѵҵ»Ϸ
ʱ͵ûغţջתҲǺõġ
ɽҪдЭ飬Լ˰ۣʱ˰֤һңллٷ֮ʮ˰أ϶
ʱ㲻Ҫ̫ˡ
غݲصʱ
ⲻǱԼֶΰˣҪǲͬǾ㿩ʱ˵ͬʱֻ̧չʾԼ¼Ļ档
л˵
߹·Ҫӿղأ󻨻


2 
ʱ˭ĵ¼ģغʱһֱԴδû뵽Ȼ¼
Ҳû뵽ʱ¼¼ȥĿľӪ뵽ʶؿغݡ
ܳ÷пʱǴһأ¼ܻԴ
Ҫ˭ҵӣƭôܵóһЩǣֻҪسŵ¼ԶشļСʱ侲
һ᣿غݵؿʱ
غݣ֪ĵʲô𣿡
غݻشʱͿʼԹԵؼ˵Ҫ̼С㣬ȫǰ˵һϷ̼С㣬ƫҪװ׷ңȻٰҵļ̤ڵأ⼸ҴûȡʲôҲ취ͲֵػȥȻЩ˵ֵһᣬȴҵлЦŬԼƽദȴΪºСعںúôľģ˵ľͲ𣿡
ʱ˵Ѿ棬֪ԭԭȷʵǸɵ±غԼߵ˿ͣÿյﶼͼֵȥ
̶£ƴһĻȫ˸⣬ϧע˼̤
ʱָغЩڣʱṵ̂ԼҪ϶񣬵ԼڵҵЩʱȷʵûռˡ
УͰ˵İ죬¼ɾغò
ʱ۹Ǿ˵ˣ¼ֻǱҵֶΣƾʲôǲᵹһҡ
ʱ˵⻰ʱһֱԱߵգС˵ʱ򣬴ҶԾĴŮûʲô⡣
ùʱͲôˣ֪غ׷ʱͼȻһʼѡӶǾһֱᶨȥ˹ϵʱغˡ
ձʱĿ⿴ЩڣЩãȷʱֻ˹ػſڣʱСʲô˼
ûʲô˼ֻǾСȫ֪飬ȫ޹𣿡ԭʱǰҲʮᡣ
ôֱ׵ʣһ˲ĽӲԱߵغݺܿ쿪ڣˣʱշ裬˵İ죬¼ȥеǷʰ㡣
ǴɹʶˣڵʺϼϷٶᴦ׵ҾͲŶλˡʱ˵ת˳ȥ
ֱ߳䣬ʱһղԭ̫ͷڵľĳԱۡ
ڽǺõģ˷ڣҲԱֶΣϾ֪ҲռȻ
ʱȵȡ洫ܳ÷ʱԼһֻ
ⲿֻǹؼղŷĶԻȫ̶¼ˡ
ܳ÷첽ߵʱߣȻѹ˷Զ׼ѽʱǶС㣬ѱǲŮֵ
ʱ֪ӣԲûкֻۣǰ˵ſڣͷЩۣȻȥϢ
뵽ʱɱﵣܳ÷Цݳ˻ϽȥϢǸ˵
Ӿ鵽Ƶ꣬ʱһ·ջ˲Ŀ⣬ֱص䣬ڷ
ⲿϷķλǿճƽ֮ǰغΪ˹ȡģ˺ͺжˡ
ԭȻ޺ڻܷڲܺߵʵ
ܹΪŮԱ˺ݣԼݵӣҪ˼ȷʵԭĴһ˿θС
뵽ʱԼ˶ڴϣʼ˼Լĺ·
Ȧǿ϶Ҫ˵ģԲڣ۵ΥԼⲻ
ͷϵ컨巢ûȦȥϾ֪飬ܹЧܿж̫ˣҲϷԼȦʱ̵
غݵʲôʱԼ֮ǰ͵ЩܹǮǮҪԼŷġ
ߵľ飬غݻԼӦúײǣȿ뿪ֲԼΥԼ̣

ͷķֻʣغݺգΪղʱСղ
նغݣʱղŵĻ̾˿⣬ʱղ˵û㲻޹ˡ
֮ǰ˳ƷֲǾغŽ׳ˣ᳤ԼĶԴ
ΪԼúʱһͬ飬ôĿȴԼıԭԼԼΪĻҪҪ
ʱ˵ȷʵȫ޹Լ˵ͬʱֶʱôһ㱧Ǹ
ֻҲ취գ㲻ҪҺòãغݰͷղ
ֻû뵽һҲôûԭ򡣡ǶԼĳ
غԲһϲְձø֪Ҵ㲻ΣʱǱһúòġ
ãԺҪ̼̽ˣһָʱ䡣Ȱ
ôУΪǱ䣬غô̵ס̽أ
ղɷô¾ǲ԰ǲٴ̼ʱС㡣
Ǿ˳ˣԼ˵𣿡غݴС׼ǣίԼʹղʱǷ˿ΣǴӦ
ðɣʱСɫǺòȡģͻȻѹ
ǲͬ
㻹̫ˣɫģǸջȥˡغյıᰲ
Ǻðɣġ̾˿Ρ
ȥš
غ̧ͷյĺ촽
غת绰ûϵ飬ﵽĿģɸ˲ģҪʱϾɱ
ֺδ֮أںİˣղŵĻҲ٣һ̼ʱô죿
Ȼغ϶ܽã⼸ĿľӪ϶Ӱ죬ʱ¼ǵ취ùǣϣôһšʱը
ܳ÷ӵغĵ绰ɫʱãСգõ˲˵ȻҪϾɱ
ڲտ°꣬ȻˣԷԥ£˵ǻʾܣǿǸϽ뿪顣
Ϻͺģû뵽˼ôŸٺͺãŸ飬ʱģҿ϶ȡõԴϿʵϵġܳ÷ٴθпʱղŴһء
ܽ˼ɫסˣʱԼ˷СʵȻһһɴﵽ뿪ĳɾͣŮȻģ
л˵


3 
Ӧ뷨ʱģѾܾˣԸԴܳ÷һǵ顣
ʱģ˨q룬иҰصľҲδǼ¡
ôֹʱԱߵܳ÷˹ѹʱ¼¼ǵôңһá
ʱ뵽ܳ÷ˣԴغݺԭƲϵҲ侮ʯԭԭԴֵָµˣִһС
ʱĬܳ÷ãô㻹ң⻹Ϊȡ
ܽ㣬¼³Ǿغݺ֪˵Ҫ¼ȥغݻ˭鷳ʱܳ÷۾ʵΪ֪Լ
ôȥأֻǰȡ󻯡ܳ÷ʱ˵㣬ǰʲô
ˣɣغݵ³ܹܵģϴǸȶȵģ𣿡ʱѵ
ʵãǰһ£ʱغݲȫɱλģأŶҲûŹȻӪҲյʦ
ʱԭԸˣغԼı֣ɱǣغЩû˿ϵ
ֲһˣͺúôھƵ꣬Ǳ߻ظ˵ܳ÷뵽²ҲЩĻţǿװ򶨵ضʱ
ţ֪ˡʱ˵겻ɴͷ￪ʼŮİЧܹһ㡣

ǰغʮʮȮеܣܿԼϣԼʱ¡
ܳ÷ȻڻʱвϾײοغյĳ̶ȣôҲһƬˮʱʱ֪ߣɲ׬Ǯĺûᡣ
СģкʱСľ籾Ůһšϣǿһ䡣
ܳ÷ﲻϲŮһţʱ׬˰׺ЩʧһСѡ
СģʱСǸɫ˶ϣҲ˵ˣ˲̫̰ģСأغֻҪʱ뿪飬˭ʱںѡϣģܳ÷ǸˣȻ֪ô
Ȼܳ÷û뵽ľϲ̽ʵ˼ѡ
СҲʲô˶ɣϣζؿһܳ÷
ǵȻ֪ôˡܳ÷Ц⡣

ʱ֪ܳ÷Ĵ㣬˿ֻʣϣݹЭԼ˰֤֧Ʊ
ʱɨһЭ飬ȷûпӣȷ˰֤֧Ʊͳϣͷ鷳һˣ
ʱСˣҸģת㣬ǵسŵֶ֪ġʹתĻϣһº͡
˵غݣԭϣ죬ϧһֱ֪λҲյķ˿ԭңҲûܿҪԶˡ
鷳תܣŵһŵǧ𡣡ʱ˵곯ϣһ΢Ц
ŮվñֱȻϴ󷽵Цݣȴ;裬֮ǰСǸʱȫˣĸıϣü
ε¶Ĵ治СҪֻܹȲС㣬ȡ
ȵϣıӰʧʱ̾˿ȻŮ⻷Ǻãﶼﻮ
ʱŸô뿪ʱ򣬾Աߵܳ÷иϢͻϢĸ
ʱɲܳ÷ĺϢĺϢֱӵϢɡ
Ϣɫûˣ¾Ϳʰʰ뿪ˡ
ܳ÷ʱЩϧҪʶʱ㣬ô³ء
ʱסԼǵЦ⣬󻺻ڣǺϢأ
Ϣ˸磬ŮһŶܳ÷ǿŮһż֡
ʱüɲʲôϢʵʲôģ˭
ǡ¾ʮ꡷ǲУ԰磬ݣúñ֣ʱҹ˲㣬С㡣ʱĽɫܳ÷棬ҰģӦûץסᣬʱڲһöȻֵٷ˼
ʱԲɿʼԼļ䣬ûἰⲿ磬Ǹûʲôˮľ磬ͦãʺϰá
ʲôʱ飿ʱʵܳ÷ѾˣֻԼ˵һϢ
һԺɣʱȵ֪ͨɡܳ÷Ҳ̫
УʰʱȲҪ뿪
ţС㣬һҪȥǱߣͲˡ
ҪϷȻֻ߸е̻ǵС
Ȼͬһˣʱϵһֱãǰ߾ú߼ߣ߾ǰ̫һֱദò̫á
ܳ÷ĻʱµɫͦõģҰģݼҲȥֻһõĻᣬⲿܼȡŮǲ磬Ӧܹߺ졣
ʱӡ󲻴ȻԭԸȴԭе˼ѣ֮ǰҲѹԭȻЩ̶ܹǺġ
ʱʰúϸЩԭĶȻҪľǸղϣĶȥԺϽิӡݲǡ
ʱΪСԼû뵽ľȻ档
£ûнʱɻ⡣
ҵķ䣬ǰһǻ
ʱԭѵʱΨһԮֵˣʱкøС
󲽽뷿䣬ţſڣȻǳǵҵĻǲغûҵĻ
ǶԵģʶ˲塣ʱɴϴһı顣
ÿ˼棬Ǻ켸ǲͣģʱɴϴһʱ֪ôӻ
ʱ΢ЦŴƳĬСҺٽɨ䡣
澪ʱĸı䣬ƽʱ϶ȥʱ֪˵ʲôãֻܸɰͰ͵ɫҳ飬ǷһΡ
ǵãҪ˵øлղǡʱһν
㵹ҲԩյֶΣ滹֪һЩġ
˵öԣԼǵòҪ񣬴ԶɡʱܾÿŮһ£ѵ
ǡʱСţֱʱ뿪ŷӦʱȻСգߣõ
ԭķǹ˾ĹԢ󣬵ʤڵضΰãʱϰߺͲϤ˴һ𣬴С뿪׼ȥа֧ƱǮת˻
ţյһİ뷢Ķţ򿪺ŷַԭĸס
ŵݸԼ࣬ʾԭӦǵѾˣϽȦ׼°ĹҪܿϲָ֮ǰ㻨Ǯнִ֮ⲻȦôԺͲҪȥˡ
ʱԶ仰⣬ĺ£


4 
˵ԭļʵĸһСĿǻҽڹŵš
ԭͷһ磬ĿǰڸڵСһ·˳˳ˮǸĸеĹŮΪĴžǽȦ¡
ȦҲǸɺϣĹһʹɫһ̤ܵľʣϾСÿһǸĸźõģһ߲ͬĵ·
˼ԣӲʺȦ֣ǱԼ£ʱȥϷԺ͵ûؼǵİš
ԭȴ͵͵ǩ˹˾ǩԼԭҪȦ㲢ףһȴùĵʱغݡ
ʱʼлԼѡᶨѡϷôͲغݡ
⼸غݰȡ˲ԴȻʾҪغɼ֣ԭǸжҲǵ֪Լǹ˺ΪʲôӦô
µĺԴûкڲ٣Ͼ˱˵ĵ⣬һʱ䣬΢ȫǺڷ۵á
Ϊ£ԭʱ޲£ϣǰʱԭΪغݵԭ򣬸ӼᶨҪȦϾ͹˾¡
ʱɢ󣬸ĸ̴绰Ȱ裬ԭǲԼԸһ֮½ڡ
뵽ʱҡҡͷΪһֵõ˺͸ĸϾǵΪ
ֻĻϵĶţǺͼ˺ͺõһ
ڹᵽĹʱ֪ط֣ⲻȦõĻ
ң˵ʰϱжѣȻҲд󣬺мµʱ䣬֮ǰԼʱѧϰϾЩУһξϰ
˵Ͷʱܿ򿪹Ҫϣµһǳɣʼ˼λظűȽϺʡ
ԭغ֮ǰǵǣ¼Ӧ֪ģغݺչʵҲǸ̨ס
ʱɸпĸģֱĵ绰죬ͷĻĺ룬ǸղǴ֣ԥƬ̣հ½
绰ͨʱûɵ˿ţֱ绰ͷһº͵Ů
ڡʱӦ
ղŷĶյ˰ɣһᣬڼʱԶϸǴĸ
յˡʱЩګګػӦô˳ؼҵ²űȽȻ
췽һ𣿡黻ǵϢûųΪھϷ
ã˵ʱ鶸ȻԭʹɣҶϵ绰ֻ߬һԭúûţܿĽ֡
ͷĹҶϵ绰ûеôˣʱλӦôˬ죬һΪ˺ܴί
Ȼʱܽε¿ȦıʣЩίỻġ

ʱϢھ鴫һʼһŰɣֱ֣ҵɫЩӡ
֮ǰһֱ˵ʱغݣҲȷʵغݺʱһ֣û뵽ľȻա
ڴҰֶ̾θ߳ʱʱƬһĻغݵǷҿյĿⶼˡ
ⶼ氮ʲôǣʱƬ˲࣬ҶغǱ˷²û
ʱϢǾþȵͬʱ־֮УҲǣغݶյĿأôʱھأ
ĽյͬʱҲͬʱùɲֺա
ԸֺãٴһȻȦʹ棬ѡûд
ۿΧߵˣغݸߵȫ裬ģƫնغݻһ䵭ģ

ĺʱһ˲ɻ󣬵ҲûĶܿϺѣͷҲٶȵطһͼƬ
һһͼƬͼƬͼƬ
ʱ:
һһغȫ裬ն䵭˾Ǽ㵱һ㣬Ͳ³ˡ
ʱˣᣬغҾһˣղ氮
һһ֪ͺãйһ㣬ԶС
ʱˣڵҷŲ£//
һһ㵹ͦ
水ֻĻһ̧ͷͿͷغͷ˵ʲôһᣬﰵһֻϣʱĳӡ
ʱͷΪĵ绰΢ŵȥеʱ䣬һʱ䣬ȥӦûü
ĺڷ۱Ƚ϶࣬΢װһ£ⷢҪĳͻ
Ǿ黹ûųǵϢʹ˻ʱ־òԣһ·ϵǺܰ
ˣʱҪʱңպóȥЩ
ʱԶʱܺѡǺܶೡ϶Ҫװʱֱѡкۡ
ĻѡһŮԼζࡣ
ˢʱʱһҲۣСƱϵʱ̲סʹ£ԭһôݳޣЩϰߡ
ʱ˵ʱΪԼѡ˼·ԭ໹ģԹԢñЩ·ǲᴩġ
ջ˴СʱѾˣѶڵ̺ϣ̱ɳϣ̲裬СϺˡ
ȦŮΪ˱ģڿڸ֮ܿƣʱȻûǣû̲ôأ
ʰʱʱͻȻñСȫغ͵ȻҪǡ
ԭˣҲ˻ȥȫǮɣҲǷļֵ
ʱ䣬ʱʼѶóգϴƽ̨ȵæһвſС귢΢š
С꣺ʱ㣬ܽǵÿ籾Ӧܾͻ飡
С겻ѣʱ㶼ܳ÷˸磬յӣܾͨ棬Ե簴ʱȥ˳ѧϰ
ֻҪȵضȹʱ䣬ȵϰͿԳ׸Ȧӣ뵽ʱֻʱÿһ㡣
һҹߣڶһ磬ʱʰؼҵĶȵ򳵵ʱԥǲǸøԼǣ
ĻõʱӦò࣬ɴȵɡ
ĩ׼ȥӰ࣬һصظǣȻһϲ
ʱԶ֪һˣͼﰢһȥˣһЦݣɲ²⣺ѲɵʱҪ
Ȼʲôô˵ģ
ʱʱԶϵͱ˵ö˶˵ģҪȥϷȦģö˶˵ŮӣڱʲôӣҪǻִԲԺ͵ûŮ
˳ԭߵſڵʱһʱѡ


5 
ʱԶĻĲⶼûͨأ˵Ķʲô컰
˵ֵһʱԶʱѡѧרҵҲʱǻκʵڲϲҲûǿŵҵˣʱԶȥ˭֪ѾͷȻȥϷ
Ȳ˵ǶȦĳɼ˵ʱԸѹͲʺǸȦӣ뵽ҡҡͷ׼ȥʱŷվſڵʱ
ѾͷôҲ˵ֱȥʱǰ
뵽ԼղŵĻпܱʱʱԶЩȻرȥ
ʱʱϵĴӣЦŵ⻹׼
ԣԼ׬Ǯġʱ룬ȷʵԭԼغﵱ׬Ǯģ˵Ҳûë
⺢ӣͻһˣʲôȻ˵Ц⡣
ҿԿҵ𣿡ʱԶⲻסƳʱĴӣʱЦ⿪ڡ
ȻǴģǰֵģġһʼʱЩнʱҵ̫ǰգΪø縸ĸǿϵĽڣøСͱǼңһ𳤴
Ҳϸĸı䣬ȻϸҲֽϻǲ֪ʱԶǲҲһôһ˲䣬ʱɻǲһƽпռǡ
ʱȴк۵ͷܺʡ
ԱߵĹҲһϲؿźסؿ佱۹ãҪȥ
㲻򿪿𣿡ʱʵ
ЩڵĶ˵űԹĻʱԶǺܿ˺ӣۺУѾ˼װʡ
Ҫǲϲʱˣ˾ϲ֡ʱԶ
Ȼ͸ҵǾҵģתͶ಻òʱԶ˵ۿذѶ
ʱסЦ⣬ϤķΧ׷ֵԱɳ£֣ⱲӾǿķǵӡ
ʱ󣬹һˣһӶĬû֮ǰ
ΪϾÿԭȷʵƫݣԶϹ۵Ŀ⣬ʱڵ裬ģԺúóԷġ
ðĶ㰮Եģһ㡣´ܰգ˭ҲûἰĶš
緹׼úܷʢʱԵú㣬ûԼĿģע⵽ԱߵĹһֱעԼĶתͷЦŵ裬ҾǵĹǶԵģȷʵʺǸȦӡ
ʱĻùʱЩ˼ǣ
һŬġʱᶨ㲻Ϊ˽Ϊ˹ƽӣҲһǳõѡ
οǺˣʱԶЩࡣ
Ǻˣڳɹ֮ǰһǵüкԼϷʱ
ȻǺˣǾͺú׼ɣ໥ģϣ㲻ʧʱԶ˵ȥ鷿鷿ʱĺͬ
ģһú׼ġʱ档
ҪҪ㱨ͻһ£ʱʵ
ˣҾϰ֮ǰ»ǲҪ̫֪źáϾԭڷ۲٣Ϊ˱ⲻҪ鷳ڳ䶨֮ǰǱΪá
ǵҲ޵ҪϷҪѧϰ᲻ԲЩĵʵ
ûµģ裬㲻õҡʱ˵귢ԱߵʱɫЩԡ
磬ôˣʱЩ⡣
ʱû˵ֻǰֻݸԭǾ·ĶױգҲǸߴһǵ¡
µۻطꡣ
ɰúãʱݼƾʲôͽƽ
Ҹ˧Ҽڻˣϲձ
ҰԹϣֻһ˺棬ʱǱ\
ȻλĶãף
ΪС˵ҲֵۣʱɫǺƽ
ȹ࿴ʱͳʱеĵ绰οҲãҲиʱѧϰ
Ҫ磬ǸУ԰硣֪ǹԼʱҲʼ͸¶ԼĹǡ
ʲôʱ֪ģʱԲΪʱ֪¡
죬ûԴɣŮһšʱ͵
ʲôأ˵·ش΢
ԴʱȦǶԼͬ΢ȸעĶ̬
һŰʱԶЩú
ЩôôࣿǸĸôǵģ龰Եʮߣ޲ٻغϡ
ڼ̱˭֪ǹ㲻Ϊ۶Ͳˡʱο
ʱɶ࿴һʱεúЩһøӼͣҲûջ
ʱļҺͰǸʲôҪֱҡ
и仰ʦǲǾʡˣʱһЦ
ǿɲУۿɲһ㡣ʱҲЦ⡣
֮ĴȤٴֱֻܰʾѯ϶ƽ̨Щ
ʱЩڹԢӰ飬Լ۸񶼹ҵúܵͣԴӵһѯʺ󣬺ܿ˵ڶ
ʱ뿪Щ᣺Ҫˣ
е£ҵûȥһˣΪ׼ʱ⳶˸ڵ
Уÿ˼ǵûһʱ䶼ˣҲں⼸ˣֻǶʱпջԷ
ȥʱ˵
ʱԼ򳵻ҪȣʱԼ
ԭԭ£ΪȦǲЩңԳܰ
ȺƵļ϶ʱƫͷһԱߵʱһֱֻΪΪ΢Щ۷ֱӳ벻ǣ
ʱջظһ۵ӣʱĻһʱ䲻Щ£˭
Щ˵˵Ӫšʱࡣ
ǿȫȨί𣿡ʱ䣬ʱæӦϷҪѧϰûж˼ָЩ
ԣ͵ǰĽʱ˵պõ̵ƣסµţӼǰʻ
ôңʱ˵Լƺ˸ɶ⣬Ͼѧţ϶û⡣
ѵԼûģʱʵ
˵һ㡣ʱͷϵǧ˶ߵĶľţôͨġ
Ǿͱͻһ°ɡʱü
Ͳǫ𣿡ʱװ
ʱЦʱһ룬˼ǰģ
ʱʱڹԢǰĵվͣʱĿ⣬͵鷢˻ǵųңҲѰɣ
ʱ뿪ʱƵǰߣ˶׵㣬˺ţ˼ŷܳ÷ڿȻڵ


6 
ܳ÷кһԢΪʱǲϲҪĵһ¾Ǹ롣
ʱܳ÷ĲҪ˳ҲС㣬úôڼо籾𣿡
ܽ㣬ʲô£ʱԶܳ÷ֱ
պغݹ΢Ϊʲôûףܳ÷ʵ
˵ϣôͻȻ£ʱ˵һɵĿܳ÷ⶼ죬ͻȻʲô裬ĪǱŵʲô
˶תףڻǵ³ûתףǾðѱ𣬴ӽԺ˺ɹ˾ܣŸ롣
ʱ۶÷ˣУ֪ˣ˺ʲôʱң
ԭĶȻһֱϡ
ȷͷ˵ˣǵð¼ٵغݺյCPԽԽ࣬ʱСȥҲֻ㡣ǽܳ÷Ŀġ
մӦֻҪõ¼ʱ¼غ׼ǲԸŮĽɫߡ
ֻҪǲڮңûȥĿܣǲܵġʱ²ܳ÷
ôβأձغݺϣ㻹벻Ȧȥˣܳ÷˵˵ãֻвˡ
İɣܽ㣬зִ磬ȹ£ȷǲᱨңҵɾˡ
ֻʾˣѯˣʱֻ˴ߡ
ģܳ÷һɵĿ
ܽ㣬㻹Ų𣿡ʱЦżƵ
УסĻо籾㲻ҪˣȻ磬ôҲŮһţ㳤ġʱ򱻻ˣʧĻ
һġܳ÷뿪ʱܿҳ棬Ȼǹѯ۵ģҲˬֱµġ
ʱظͽ˿ţܳ÷ԼҪ¼£æȥ鿴Լƽ壬Ȼλöˡ
ҪU̵ϰߣUЯȻ¼϶ܳ÷ȥ
ѹĲȥſڵ룬´򿪹µͷ
Ԣǹ˾ģҲûʲôã԰ͷбҪ
뵽Լµϣæµ˺üƤ硶Ա沿֮Ϸйصġ
ЩʱǲģӵĻǮȫǱˮнҲǺʱǾ׹ԢһЩҪƷ
ܿС絽ˣҪȷݣֱȷϣСű˽
ԭʮϧغ͵еԭװڣԽĴ浥Ƚʡ¡
С뿪ʱյ͸è۷Сꡣ
ʱ㣬ܽ͸㣬ˣ̨ʰɡСЩȻϾܳ÷ǡӡʱоٶҵǷ¼
룬֪ܳ÷⣬ҲΪСꡣ
ֱݣС˿ʱȥԡҳ˯£ʰ׵ʱպõˡ
С꿴ϰڵտ±ζ̲裬ѵʱ㣬ҪˣҪء
һ±ζζʱС귢롣
С겻¿ˮǲǲɨˣʱһ˶ǣţСصͷǾллʱ㡣
ʱЦһȻ˭ܿζοϤ֪СǸ۲۵ĳԻ
ܳ÷С꣬Ҳǣܸɵôֵ
չˣྡ
غĸߵͣһ˽غݿ϶ѣһȲֺգ죬Ǳߺ֡
һһغֱõ廨ˣǸУЩƫƫҪ˵Ϲź
ʱˣν㲻˼ѡ
浽˾Ժĵڰ˴²غݺյ΢ţֵˡ
һһغھ飬ƲǲǸǰͰ·
ʱˣģϲƲġ
غݿ⻷ˣôܻƲ
һһΪʲôôƶѵ㻹ûģ
ʱˣô᣿ֻʵʵ˵ô߲ô飬غݲת
һһ˵еˣܳ÷ղ֪˵ʲôЦĸ仨Ƶģܾûġ
ܳ÷Ｘ꣬˽ⲻܳ÷ӡ
֮ǰ治ʱܾҰĲϤʱ־Щɵ

ʱˣɲǣûҵ˺š
˵£ʱܳ÷˵Լתˣл΢Ȼתף
ε۵쳣гһˮȫףʱܿ˳۲ĲȡԶŮ
ʱ㣬ճ˶ҪܲʳС£
ãУ԰磬Ů趨ǿɰͣеſɰʱ
ԭʱ㣬ʲôȥ򡣡С֪ʱǰؿƵĺܺãԱûлʵԡ
У㿴ɣ粻ýң˯ȻѡϻûȻҪٷˡ
áС˵ȥ˴ԡ
ʱڴϲŷʱĺæͨ
ʱҪǸһռ֤ݵ£˳׼ʲôʱ档
ʱֱӻظղײգҲѡӣ췽죬Ҫʲôֱǡ
֪̬Ⱥʱģ¾ͽˡ
ֻĵƹֱʧʱһ룬ڵĿȻ̫ãһжѡء
ѡԼҪȨʱ仹һµʱ䣬Ҳ˵Żµʱ׼ԡ
ʱѡƤͬǵģȻϻȵȵȫ룬ʱȫûԼ䣬׺Ƥų
ͷСڵ绰ͷܳ÷ʣҵĶûУ
ܽ㣬ûҵСҡҡͷŲ᷸ɵȥʱĶء
ʱײˡܳ÷ĵ
Ŷ֪ˣСӦЩܣŲأʱ浽ˣ·С
Ҷϵ绰ͿʱɳϿ飬沿Ӧݼİɣûʱȥĥȥˡ
˿ϣ⣬ʱȽ˿Ǳߵģʽ㡣
ѧϰʱ÷ɿ죬͵˽ӣУ԰ȻУ԰ڱأǸеĸУԵö㶫ǡ
ʱͷҲУռ֤ݾֱЩ˷ʦ
ҪԵľǸҥʱνϵӪţҪ֪ÿЩӪŶյʦԵյʦ󲢲£ֱɹʱ
ڷ޿ײ룬ʱϡʦ桱֣µıܿ촫
ϳһƬЩյʦƲ£ʱܿ˺ѡ


7 
ѣӪź͸ڷ۵Ʋ⣬ܳ÷Ҳ˲غڣʱѾӰҵӣ˵ںҲһζſԱ֡
Ϸһ㲻ע罻ΪӰ쵽Ϸ
һȴΪغݵĹԭֱӰֻ
ʱһʼ֪оԱһʱùֻ˵ʱ϶û뵽ǿɶʦһˡ
Ȧ﷢ʦĲѵĿɾֻʱˡ
ʱ֣ղŷ֣вϣҲغݵ⣬ϣȷܵӰ졣
̲ס룬غһܹʱ̼ЭôһԼԸЭֻͱ˷չʲôزô
뷨պܿ侲ԼЩغݵ£ȷʵ̫ߵԼüģԼҵҪģ˺Ͱ鲻ĵˡ
𣿡ղ䲻ȵĻ˾ֱȥ˻ױ䣬ղ˵վԭط£һĲ⣬Ӧôôƽأ
ʱǵ˾ŷԼѣĵһ ѵµĸֳĽζ
ֱʱĵ绰šȡжΧۣ绰ͨ󣬺ܿ촫ʱû°ɣģ
Ҹյ鶨ľƵ꣬û£ЩӰ첻ңϾʱɵһŵġ˵ʱ̲סЦ
ܴȤԼӦûܵʲôӰ죬һɷǾͺãֻܺúñ½Ҿͺá
Ǿ鷳ʱ
鷳ʲôҪǵøҴ绰ʱҵ绰֮ǰǣʱůůġ
Ȼ磬ߵ̻ҪߣĿʽǾԼý壬ʱҲ˾Ƶꡣ
ʱ£Сһʱϵܳ÷ѯʴʽȴܳ÷֪ʱҪԻظʲôСɵҲ֪ʱǱˡ
룬ǰܳ÷Ļظʱʱ㣬ܽ˵ѵᴦ߲ҪԻظ
ţ֪ˡʱûȥظʲôھɣȴƱǾ͸֪Լľˡ
ǵµĿʽС̽
ⲿ磬ʱеˮĶС͸Ե¿ܻв¡
һᰴʱȥġʱ룬Ůǵһ죿
ϾŮǳ˹ľͷҲ¡
ʱĻС겻˿Ҫʱ˵ȥ֪ôܳ÷
ʱ̲סЩھΣϾʱܳ÷̬ȸøСһľᡣ
ʱ֪ǣߣҶһĸˣԭǵľĬĬţʹӪƺܶ˶ֱӻ˹ȥ
ڲһʱŮϵԽ˵Խá
ʱǱ߿սŮԭǻЩ⣬ΪѾѡǾãҲʧΪһ¡
Ϊ˲һȶȣ¾ʮĹٲ˼ʱʱдӭŮǡ
ٲһúڷֱӳۡ
СʱҲУ԰磿
ݮʱǴʦ/ͼƬ/
ʦ:ʱľľѵԭɻ
Сɰ¥鷳ãùٲ˵˵ʱĸġ
ʺǲʺɫģ¥Ͻ˵ҵʱҪݼûݼҪֵûֵô쵽Ůģ
ŲܴܶȻǣʱֵǲǲ̫˵
տǴӣ˵ѵǣ
ŵԽԽۣϵЦԽԽָ࣬ܽʱСһأøݹµĿʽֱˣ
ݺܿ׹ݵ˼ҲЦݣԼĴĴָȻǺ
ֱʱȻʱҲûӰ죬ΪѹͲ֪
ϿپɹʽƬʱ˵ͦʵġ
ԱŮźǣҶ죬΢΢׺͸վԼλϣŵݵİš
ֱǰ֣·ˣڷ۵ˢܿ뿪ֱ䡣
ʱʦʱ㣬ʮŮ˻ʮĸ˭
ԭ΢Բûҵע⣬ֱ˰
ʱʦ:һۣﵽߵô㣬עʦŶ@ʱʦʱ㣬ʮŮ˻ʮĸ˭
ֳԹǸ˳Թǰ
ԻҹǣȷϹˣǺʦ
ٳʦԶģ
߲ڴˣԶţнÿԿ
βͣѧǿһô˵ɣＸÿͬѧĿꡣ
ΪСֱٲȻշãҲһƬ֡
һ㿪ʽ춼ᰲż򵥵ϷݣԱǼһ͹Ҳָͷ
Ϸǡþʱģϲſ籾ԭȻǿưҲʦѧϰټϵ˾ƵС飬һ͹
֣ʱ˿ȻҵרҪԭıܷӦһܹء
ʱŻװĿ϶ֱӻ˾Ƶ귿䣬Ų뱻һΧʶ
ֳ˵˺һŷʱܵĲӰֵ뿪ֳ
ôֱﷴôһڴĿ򸱵ݡ
ݵЩһѾɴԼɣ
ֱշֳһɻǷʲô£
ֱ䷢ʱԭЩȥָȥˣЩʱϾע
ȺϾ۲͵룬һᣬֱ屧ΪֱӾܾˡ
ʱ䣬ˢ⣬Ժûнˡ
ʱĻظ˼ҲŮǳɣҾ˵˼ҿ϶
һννǸ˾ͺã߰ɣȥǻЩ
ʽģʱֵйоأϷݣʱ䣬һ㲻ȥֳʹڷѧϰ
ʱǾġλȻû£⼸쵹Ҳð
ƽӹ˿£ʱ;ԱɲϤÿζ˼Ҳֻ˽±ԹԹߣϾطҲҲطժָΪϷʱûгٵԷNGҲûΪѱˡ
ʱֵıõЩʧԭΪڼ䣬Ҳֵʲôء
ڵ˼ǲǸøΪЩȶ£ʱٴαѣΪ֮ǰյʦЦʱЩӪյ˴Ʊʱȷʾܾ⡣
ȻҪĻֱλʱʦʵʡ


8 
Ӫ˵ÿյʦݸֽĳ̶ȣԵյʱʦʱǲŻ᲻мһˣǲЦһ
ǿʱڲˣҲûʲôѹûϡ
ֱյԺƱǵһӦĻţ߳ŭʱǲȦӻ˲ɣ
Ȼ룬ǻǵһʱϵʱҪͽ⡣
ϾԶǶ֪ģ˱ʱвĴ㣬ܿϧ鲢ûеķչʱֱӾܾ˺ͽ⡣
գʱʶ̧٣յҲףûʤߵĿܡ
ԱӪԡء̬ȣλʱʦ𡱵ֱӱɵˡ
λѻδ꣬һʼʦҲ֮ԱǣǺǹҷʦĲ̫
ⲻΪ˶ס·ѵŪܴҵĶ˵ĳ϶ǡ
ʱΪյķ˿رʱ֮ǰƽΪղƽҽŬõķλʱƾʲô
ټպغݹøСʱԽ޼ɵ
Ʊĵ˶ˣ±֪£Եһʱ䰬ʱǸ
ǸĲѷֳɣ˾δ꣬ȻѾǸôʱͲӦúƽϣǻһӡ
ȻҲ˳ַÿ˶ΪԼиδ겢ǷµĽںͱɡ
һǣ¥ϵǲ̫ѪˣǸӣͲܸĻ
վʱΪǸӣŸܷŹԺ󻹲֪ʲô
СԲʱȻǹҪñ۵׼һδҲ̫˰ȡ
˯Ҳ˯¥ϵĴˣ˵⻰֮ǰ鷳ȥλСõжࡣ
λδСõ£ҳ㼺۵۾ȶȡ
֪ʲôʱͻȻһʾʱӼ󣬶Ӫ޿κΣȴδ˻ȫ˫᲻̫֡
һܿõڵͬΪһ㣬Һ״룬ڴ׼ʱ¾ʮĹٲʱʱʦظתĳѵۡ
ʱʦûԴһͬʡ@ཷʱ˫겻Ҫ̫6Ŷ
Ҳ̲裺ǰųԹϿϷèӿ֡
ʺ᣺¥ϵĸһƿˮЩӪҲյ˴Ʊ
ʲô϶ǣȻĻСøɹƱʱǹƾ͸³ˡ
ʨһרңЩӪΪ˲ʲôȥһ䣬һ֧ʱ
۵Ȼ죬ʱȴڿƵϷѾһˣʵǿ޲ֻҩˮˡ
ھ˵ݼˮƽʱµĲˣԵû˳ҩˮ¡
ЩӪŵʱԴӽʱûᣬϷϾʱ䶼Ǽ鿴һרġ
˼ͳϷͿͷʱš沿鿴һ棬˼ЩӵĿʱǲҲ׼飿
һĲΪ⣺н𣬱̸ֽʵǸã
˵Ҳе˼˵ŵͷ΢һ۾Ϳ͹ѡ
б䣬ºˮıӣɻ󣺡ַʲôˣ
Լɡ˼˵̲סʱǱ߿һۣס
ʱȷʵסһ籾ͷۣ;籾Щѧϰ϶ÿɰΪһϰúѧϰ
ԽԽߵ۶ȣЦͶҪֵ۽ˣָʹȥʱڵķӦ·˽Ƕ͸¶ȥ
ϾȶȲʱ
Сֻʱ˵ѵ£ʱԲһ٣ˣ
ţܽ𣿡СָӪŷƱ¡
£һ죬ʱʲôѣһ֪ʱĹ͡
ǵЦⲻɷŴ֮ǰЩӪŵĳʱˣԲŻôС
С꿴ʱϵЦ⣬ԥſڣ֪ܽ𣿡
ʱЦҡҡͷӦò֪
䣬СʱֻͿʼ壬ܳ÷ĺ룬ʱ˹ĽӹСݹֻ˽δ˵ͷܳ÷ʣʱ˭ˣ
ܳ÷ӪֽȫǵòʧϾܶʱǵȶȻÿά֣ʱֱǷˡ
ⲻάԼȨ𣿡ܳ÷˼ʱܹµ
Ҳֵһ֪֪ǣˣܳ÷һǱߺĶϷ棬ŭ
ΪⲿϷպеˮʱΪʱԵʣЩӪŴŵ¾磬ǰ̡
ʱܽòҳ߰ɣʹ֪ܳ÷ʱ̲ס˸ۡ
Ȼأ黹ûִ󣬸Ͻߡܳ÷Ҳûֱӵ
ҲߣȻѾһٳ߲ȫ³άҵȶȣܽأʱ֪ܳ÷صʲô
Ȼȶֺܳ÷ɴϵƽ壬۶ȻߣʱĻ޵
´£׼˽ܳ÷仰ҲͬʱղŵĻ
õģܽ㣬ϵҵϷˣȹˡʱ˵ɴĹҶ˵绰СȥԼĿյͨʱĵ绰
绰ܿ챻ͨʲô£
ʱü̵Ͳﴫ뵽ղŵѣʱ죺ûʲô£Ǵ绰лʱɡ
ʱҲȾЦ⣺ԽԽƶˣĿǰ֤ݣߵĿԲ󣬳ǼӪţǸδô
һʼλδʱ⣬ҲǴӵǱõϢ֪δ꣬Ȼڼ˸ְʱʲô֣ʱԼֲͬǾ
δҲı䲻£㰴ԭļƻͺáʱʱĹǣһжΪԼԼôϺأ
ο̱жδ꣬δ겻Ӧ޵µıɡ
У仰ҾͷˡʱЦʵ˵ϣʱΪԷδߣãûС
˾һ£յƱǵһʱҪúñ˽ȣ
ô鷳Һܷġ֮ǲ㱨
Ľͨʱ飬ϣʱÿһ㡣
ԭΪȫȨʱԼͲˣλδСΪʱǸߣûõҪĽתͷ
л˵


9 
λСõҲǳʵУдһƪ춯صСģ潲Լϲգ͹ע֮ƵĵȻ󣬻һתհʱͽ⣬дõϣ۵㡣
֮ǰһֱȽϳۣ֮ǰ˿ҪӦǵһ
Ȼвַ˿ǵģҲҪ°ա
ȻҲҴķ˿˵ȫǶ£æԸδ̫˺˰ɡ
һʱ䣬յ΢ŵĹ۹򿨵㡣
ַլˮ棬˵ӦþǾ֮Ͱɣ֮ǰʱһ飬ʱתף˹ϵӦòɣ
ǷۺģսôӦò᲻ܵİɡ
հæ֣Ǳ֣ϣҲҪ°ܡ
ˮңΣ۹⿨յķӦ
ѩһȣ²ۣǿҵĸ
կһΣЦչƾû˰ɡ
ˣû˾Сúòͨƪһ˼Ҳܣķ˿ңķ˿Ҳǵ˰˱ӵù
ûУҲΰɣԼ֮ǰŰۣƷɵԼ˰ɡ
ս𣺲ͲҪ˵ʲôʱˣ
ܿҳһţյûҵ£˵硣ò֡
ʱǵдھϷΪϷԷNG˺üΣܸðգ͵͵Ƭ͸¶ȥԷ΢ֱӱˣԶԷյǸᡣ
ȻʱҲͬλϾʱҲȷʵĴ⣬ղǷˡ
ںǣսôӦλ˿
˭Ҳû뵽λСûķӦڶһڹ۹յò˵ԲзȻУҲкܶпϵۡ
ʱǵһֱǳ۵裬ԴԼ
ţﾹȻЩĪ˷ܡ
ʱ㣬ϷˡСѵ
ʱȶٴγΪעСĻԼղŵ鵽ԼıųǱȥ
źĶϷ˼״ЩߵĳԹѵΪ˭ȥ͵鲻ɣ
ջĿ⣬Ȼĵͷпܡ
û˼ǣ͵͵ʱǱķȥһ˼ͷۣÿοʱһȫעӣȥ͵͵ҳǲ˰汾
˼ЩĪĿһ۳ҲǹֵֹģгҹҲȥ
˼͵ͷѵҲ͵͵ĥݼݿʱĴȷʵ
ֲԼϴ˵ҪֹԭǸĻС
ʱͷĺԼЦһãﲻЩëëģԼＸ֪ģ⼸Լ˺ɫΪڵȶȰɡ
ʱƬƬ͸¶ȥ붼֪˭ֱʣ͸¶ĶϷƬҲ⣬ȻҪԭǣҲֹˡ
ʱСҲСĺô֮ǰľÿ춼ֳƵģΪҶС͸ջͦгġ
ⳡϷŮ俴ŮȻʼһϵеֹ
ʱⲿϷŻΪԭϷеĺڵ㣬ȷʵѾþȫ
ĳҲһĲ⣬ʱ챧Ǳ沿ôݸ߻Ҫæ
Ǳ߻ӦˣҸհһҲװ··͸ȥˡݵǻϲ
û취СɱҪȶֻܿˡ
òιˣʱæȥжױѾˣߵıʵչʾֻˡ
뵽ʱﲻ̾˿ﰵʱеҲݼԭ޹ء
ССŹʱͣ˽Ųַʲôˣ
Ǳ߻ӦˡСԶ׼ļ
Ӧˣʱ˵ùֻţҲŮôӦ
յĻӦܼ򵥣˿С÷ԮҲǰʦԼеЩá
׼ȷ˵ӦյĹҡ
غݹһ£յĹҲٽˣһҪʼΪǲˡ
ʱ㣬ҶյĻӦܲ⣬˵᲻㳷߰СΪĵĿʱϾձغݡ
õģġʱƶ
ʱ룬չ˿ˣΪľٶѵľء
Ϊ˷˿ԼߣȲ˵Լ𲻴ӦĶԼҹӪˣͽյ°ʱ
ܾ˿ķ˿ģԼҲܹ⡣
Է˿ṩԮõĽ취ڵ˲⣬ѷ۵Ļֻ֮ãϾķ˿˭Ե
յĻӦ΢ָʱµôĶԼȻŹᡣ
ʱûʱΧˣϿʼˢսۿ뿼ԽԽöˢаȫС

Ŀǰۻģ㲻ĻȶҲʼӣҵ˼ǳʱ̽ƬȥתƴҵĹע㣿ϷţҲյľ˴ʱ֮ĶԲߡ
ʵ̫Ӫغݵĸ飬ȥҶʶľĳɼǿغݲŵģû취
ԥϷŲ̾˿֪գ֮ǰȰʱ̸̸ԼֻҪˣ¾Ͳˡ
ҡҡͷ²ߣʱ¼ǰƵﻢµλãֱô죿
˵ܳ÷һ˿ŭôôûãôˣ¼ûû
Ѿƿ֮УպܲϲָоŴƲʷǴ￪ʼòأ
ȥƬ¡ϲ˿غݺյCPʱת´ҵע
¾ʮڸʱȶȣȫܿǵصĿʼġ֮Ժ⡱CPúòðͷֱӱȥ
ŹVSŮǣCPȾĸCPÿģҷ׷׺ź
һɣ˿ȦȷϹˣǲˣǴһӣ֪ͨȫˣҹϷŻȶڣϽȡղ
ʱˢˢһ棬ͻȻҹϷȻ¥ʱ˼
죬˵ͻȻҹϷԭ˼һأ˵ΪǾòϸβͣܿ챻ѹԵһŭ֮£ҹϷ
ôףûǮ𣿡ʱ˵ûǮ
ʱ˼ؿڣͷһʱԹĿ͵˼˵ˣôͻȻһأ
ʱһǸҲ͵ҾǺ棬ŵ治˼
˼һִܿ˹ûҹ㣿
˼۲²˵ջӦҲû취ΪѾҹʱʱܾˡ
ûаôˣʱЩ档
˵㣬ȴܾˣŻôӦᶼ˵ʯĳء˼˵ŷֲ֪֮ĺܽ˿롣
νˣЩôԼʱһĲ⡣
˼ʱĻЦҲһϷദʱ紫ദŸҰԵǰ
ǻĥʲôϽĸҹͷĺȳ˺
Ρѡ֮䵹Ǳ֮ǰЩˡ
ʱԼ飬ȷûֹ˵֣ȷǺ;ûн·ˣԷĵĺǽ΢š
ҲʱŷСʱ֮ǰ淢Ϣ
һһϢغˣ


10 
΢ʱŮİеҲô˳ֻ˵氮ܻ谭Ͼ谭࣬Խ֤ǲ氮
ȻغȨиͬĸĸغԴϵĺҵغԴҲŵԵǧ
£غĸôأһʼû⣬ʱȫCPĸߵʶԡ
ȻһжյĴغһһΪܽؼҵ
ʱǵҲôһΣ˹ǰģغĸȻܲˡ
֣ܿ챻ԼطԸУܷ֣Ҫغݽ߬ԼУѽܵٱ
վ飬Լľûõطˣְܿԭϣԭ뿪
ҲԭΪʲôɲغݵԭΪԼõؼ˵Ͽɣ뵽ʱЩͷۣΣ̬ȸɾ䣬ѾԶԶģطӦò˰ɣ
ʱĳʱ΢ʾٴ漴ҳ档
һһ:Ϊʲôһ㶼
ʱˣձʱ֪ͨҹϷڲſô
һһʱڵױأ˵ʲôֻԼ֪ˡ
źʱעڡʱ档
ʱˣ˾ȻѾˣղžȻûиֱֳ
һһֱǵ𣬺ŹӦҲϹʱߵʱȫһҲ޷ж/̯/
ʱˣǵŵδϱ
һһ///ɵӣôô棿ôýģ
ʱˣǵҲǣ
һһغˣǵõϢˡ
ʱϢ⣬ҲüעǵϢˣ˵ԼҪϢˣͻطȥˢ⡣
ֻҪϰܰȦľ飬뵽ʱֻԼӾˡ
غݷ˿ڣطյ²ûбԼƬֱ˳
֮ǰЩģͼǸͼƬˣƬЦĺۣʱЦһ֪ոط˵ĻӦ
ϱӦҪһӣغݵʱ򲻵æתҲӦû˰ɣ
ʱϷ£ʱ˼ǶһԭΪڶϷ߽֪ϵغݺա
ʱҡҡͷȻ˵ıԾǰԣȦҲһ˼æ֡
ʱЩ⣬ֱ£˼ֱӿżɽʵ㹫˾;ǱкCP뷨𣿡
˼еԱߵһ粥ŮӪҵCP
ʱҲûֱҡͷûУҲCP
ܳ÷ǱߵԸʱѹûǣе˳ⲿϷӦþϷһϷˡ
˼ԲɷһΧȷû˲СҾ˴ӰҵͶһۣ˵غݺջϡ
ʱܿ˼μӣ
ȷʵȦۣʱ˼뷨
ԣΪǵһպغݵǣȦ΢ĶԸȥģȥԡ˼˵꿴һ۳
ǱߴʱCPʱԸ⣬ȡҲʧΪһ¡
ǼȡغݺߵǰģʽʱУ԰ģʽʱŽ
ҲôģӦв˳У԰֡˼Ҳг㡣
ǳһۣڳCPۣʵνعȡ
ˣڽĿǵԶǣȻߵһͷ϶ռơ
ʱֻίԶŮ
ԭշ˿أ˵Ķԣͬ򣬹ƴҶȥˡ˼˵ͷʱĻе
Щ̫Զ˰ɣõĿ˵ɡü˼Щĩˡ
ģȻڼƻЩ϶ʮþȣϸﻮĿǷҾһ飬ѾӦˡ˼͵
˼ĻóȻӰҵͶʵĽĿҲ̫
ֱСѣǲžѾ˿ĵʱ䡣
ˢ̫ʱЩ񲻼ãһŸϽؾƵ겹˯ѺкܶĿˢأ̫ĥˡ
ŸߵƵſھͱסʱû뵽Լû뿪ķչ
ʱǰߵ˰ᣬȻĿڣˣʱС㵽ˡ
طׯѩ̧ͷʱͷȻָָĿλºͣǸð
غݵĳ̶ܴϼ̳ׯѩΪǳȻǲ˵ģׯѩĳȻҲټϱõ˵ʮ궼š
֪طΪʲô£ʱúȦӣֱʵ
ׯѩüͷ壬뵽ԼĿģüͷܿչºͣΪ˺֮ǰʱСǸģ֮ǰĲ׵ʱСί
ûʲôίѾȥ¸ûıҪʱȻᱻº͵ıԻ
£ô᲻ίʱС㣬ģѾźýķ֣úݸǸ
ׯѩº֪ͣ飬ʱôҲ벻ǰòŮ
뵽ʱЦһĸ˵ôͻһС
ƳʱǵЦ⣬ׯѩüʱСЦʲô
طˣܺСĸ飬Ȳ˵ҵԸѡҲʵѡϾڸ涼ѹң°ܴ̼ܽʱ˵Цſׯѩ
ׯѩЩȣû뵽Լ⾹ȻǰС￴͸˵Ҳ޵
غԴӻعϢһʱͶҽˣ˼·ǡ
ϴȥ飬ݱС꣬ȶ飿
ȵųݶϢЩĵʲôCPȻͻɢ˰ɣ뵽ׯѩʱһΣЦࣺʱСܵ³çˣʱСΪ±ܡ
ϷͻؾƵϢˣκˡʱҪĽ
ʱСȻϵׯѩһ⡣
ȵׯѩ뿪ڰСæʱ㣬û°ɡ
û£¸ϽȻǶûùӳԡΪ˱Сܳ÷͸¶ղŵ£ʱŻ
Сȷʵ׼ܳ÷ղбûᣬŵ¸ܳ÷أʱĻı飬ĸŵ˵ͷ
ȻСܳ÷ˣʱľǣһӦ¾ͲᷴΥ
ׯѩôһʱҲû˯⣬ɴطֱˢ⣬һԱߵС̨Ȧӻʮ죬Ǳʱ䡣
ˢȻߵģСʱʱ䣬ʱˣûǿţһСʱӾͿʼ˯
˯һʱ֪ǣׯѩӾƵȥͿʼ޾ƻ£غԴع֮ǰغݶ顣
л˵


11 
ղûаطԼ¸غݣϾⲻһ磬Ȼǰƶغһ֪
Ȼչʱغˣˮ㣬ղŻΪׯѩ鸴ӵֿʼִա
ЦһҲӼᶨԼ뷨ԼһʧƣЩ˹ƾǵһ侮ʯˡ
غݰˮеݸգ㰮Եģ
ôˣϵľ˿٣ȷʵû뵽غݻô
գ˵ʲô㶼ᣬֻҪҺ𣿡غЩţ˳ᢵغݣյʱץסĸо
룬ǿеһｵһڣųĸо
ֻ˵£ģĻûϡȻ
˵ʱͷһΣû֮ǰ㣬ֱ澵ͷЦһۡ
ΪƬغݵĬ֮Ժ⡱CP΢˺ü졣
ԭΪһؼǱ߻ж˺üǱûеȵʲôüѵغ˵˼ˣ

ʱߣԴׯѩָֻϷˢѧϰӣͳ˼ԽǶϷҲԽĬȻʱʱʱҪҩˮİæ
ƺҲʱõ̬֮ǰĻǷ粨һǴŮһŮκ˶ıʱãڶϷʱ˶ʱӡչˡˡ
λСķʱȻ⣬ܿȫ̽ܣԺԼ֪ĽָǽЩǱľ籾Ҳǻرˡ
ľޣԺзˮƽȻҲޣĺзˮƽͻȻǣʱֱºׯѩйء
Ȼݺܿ˺ϢطͶ˾飬˵ʱ򻹱Ŀʱһۡ
ڿʱȫƶСˣʱĵⲿЩȶȣڸΪĹϵþͶʣֱĹˡ
Ϊ˱ʱҲΪ²ϷҲ˳ʱԼСʱ²ϷŮûȤţ
Ȼʱݼ˵㣬ԴȶȣҲܴҪʱĺɲ࣬Ҫץסǡ
ʱһͷˮ²ϷݼȻûȰ˵ݡ
һЦеԣ²ϷģȽϿЧ֮ݼҪ
ʱæҡͷݣ°Ѿаˡ
غݲǸܳ÷°գպÿܾ
ǿϧˡһź
ʱԭΪׯѩԼķڷѣȴû뵽¾Ȼк
뺯ʱٴȷϣǸҵģ
˵ͷ͵ʱСתû˼ӰҵĻҲյ뺯˵Ҳ⿴ʹˮĳ档
ʱķҡͷطעҪʧˣտŮ⻷ˣڴĳ϶֡
ȻĻḻ˵㣬ɱϵòõģ鷳һˡ
뺯£ʱɴôҲ벻ׯѩȻԼȥƻᡣ
û´Ļƻ󲿷Ӧöǧ𣬹Ϊ˲յĳԵ̫ͻأ˳ȥ
ʱԥȥȥʱֻʾͣ
һһ죬죬
һһطˣαʮϲ졣
һһϲ쵽Ϊġ
һһ˾ƻ뺯ŮҶյ뺯
ȻʱµûղûƭҲӰҵģƻӰҵˡ
յĿģۿԼЩǧ
ʱԥ²Żظ档
ʱˣɣҲյ뺯
һһǿ̫ˣôõĻһܷŹ
ʱˣһûȥȥ
һһȥԥȥʶĺžƻᣬط˸յ
治ɵڿͬ뺯ׯѩ⡣
ʱ룬˵Ķԣ˵ĺҪĵ̣ؼҵغⱲȻֹ
ĳԺˣǾ͵ȥǼʶɡ
ʱˣУǾȥ۽ɡ
һһ:ɹʶjpg
սܳ÷ĵ绰͹ˣҲյط˷뺯ˣ
ʱû뵽ܳ÷ô͵õϢˣЩܣţôˣȥ𣿡
ǵҲǣܶյĿأûԾ㣬¼£
غյĿأ˾˿ɶǿΪգͶ۲˵ܾȻԸһϽĿ
طֵһܳ÷òܳ£ϾغѾȨϵ£˵ˡ
ģзִ磬ҵϷˡʱ˵ŸɴĹҶ˵绰°Ϳʼ˼֮ǰʱ䣬ôܳ÷һأ
ΪׯѩͶʾ£ʱǺɫٵԭǲμׯѩľƻᣬҲûֱӵͷͬ⡣
ĽȲʱӰҲ
ͷѾΪƻ׼Ͼ϶кܶͷڣԣⶼǻᣬԼҰġ
ʱֱӷһɫȹͿȥٺʲˡ
Сһ٣ԼһֱھƵˢ⣬ֱ쵽Լʱ䣬ױȹӡ
ׯѩٰƻĵַ˽˱ĽܣǱ߶Ǹ
ҲζŲô򳵣˸˾ȻҲġ
ʱһȹױݼ򵥣ʱ׶غû뷨
Ϊ˽ľƻᣬ˺ܳ׼˺üĹϵŽģԿʱ˼򵥵Ĵ磬ɵȻȥʶģ᲻̫ˣһĻأ
ҶڵĴ⡣ʱóѣֻôظ
ʱı飬һʱ֪˵滹Ǽ٣ǵԼɫôģһģ˿϶㡣
ʱģɲء
ſڣóԼ뺯һ·ߵһ׶û
ׯѩӦû٣ȵߵ䣬һļؼҹȻǺеĺţ㿴ûЩǧϵĸ߶Ȧ趼費ģ鱦ʮ㷽Ůϵķ꣬ǰʱš
룬ܺǧһ˽ѣ˼ֱûа
ҲףЩȦҲбǿˡ
ʱЩо࣬ȻȤҲȫĳϣؼּĴɡ
ׯѩǣȻĹʮ㣬òȥк
ׯѩЦźԱߵŮܣӰҵˣܿһ飬ϧ³﹫˾˳ȶȡ
һ仰ƮƮķغݺµĹϵʱ룬û´ĻλƲׯѩеϱѡǧ¡
ҵ񣬽¸սϰٷ֮ʮĹɷݣڶ̫̫еϱѡ
ԶԺСطԱߵλʺúŶҲɱȦﲻˡ
ʱɲǣһΨһŮȻų󣬵ȴһҲݣ˸
ЩҲ湻ѪΪŮ氮һһŮŮǡ
ʱ̲סͷһ۽£ǸС㣬ϣ
ھǰϣʶׯѩġ
ԭһʶЩˣȻĴ඼ǧǶȻȤɴҲ˼ʱȥ
ῪʼʱԽԽȴûܼغݺյӰΪûһΣʱҲȷǽǷ
ۿʱԽԽׯѩɫԽѿԱߵʹ˸ɫʱſڴһ䶯غݴսˡ
ʱԱߵҲųԾʱ⣬չȥС͵ϵǮһĵ
֪˵ؼҵĴұᵽ£ǰˡ
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һЦӯӯĿˣݣˣ軹Ⱥء
ԭׯѩغݺͽ裬ͻȻôһʱ⡣
ׯѩҪغݲܾܾԱߵգʾҪ¡
ճ΢ЦõԼ
غԭΪׯѩԼѣȴ֧һδᡣ
Ҳ֣ׯѩֶŮׯΪ׵ļλǧվ˵Ļ⣬ʵʵڵĸܵǵĲࡣ
ףׯѩĿģһʼĻңܿһݵǸҫʹꡣ
ձϾһĳϣۿǱ߾Ҫ˿ȴׯʱѣ˵С質ĲǼʶʶ
л˵


12 
ׯμĿľһǾôѿô
ׯ䣬ԱߵļλǧЦһЦŵⲻ̫ðɣƽʱֻ־磬СǳЩӦû˻ɣ
ԭ߬ȹӵָȻЩ϶һòλεôҲڲס˵Ǵûڹ
һʶԭȦЩǰѹʲôҧأԼȦȦƱضҪռһϯ֮ء
û£͵ݸˣС˵κݸܿӰҵߣԸС㳴CPأСԸ⳴Ҳǲұһɣׯ˵ЦĿա
ǸҽغݵŮ飬ġֱӾܾׯ
ôС㲻Ը⣬Ǿ̨ط˳趪ӣׯͱˡ
ׯҵҪָֻţغݵŭ
Ҫ˵ʲôճ˳ӣˣû£嶯ˣ
ʱԽغݾԽߡ
غȷûºתׯݾܾ㲻ǴСѧ٣ĳӣ㵯һ㲻ܾɣ
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ׯߵСû뵽غΪάգȻױõӶ˼ǿյĿⲻɱ
ڽΧȫ̵ʱɸпȻС˵еڰ
ԱߵҲһļѹȻƽʱغ˵㣬ò˵ղŵĶ˧ˡ
ׯʱҲͬ飬ϾȣϣλСܹؼ˵Ĵ㣬ԶǣԼ
ΪղϵԼղغά̬ȣڳڿʼλС㣬غ˵ׯѩķȻһλ
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13 
Ҳζ뿼ԵʱԽԽˣʱץΪĸϰʱǡ
ʵӦøлׯѩǣΪԾͶʣݶԽԽݡ
ȻҲʱġŬѲ˹ϵϾһϷͱŸ϶ҪָĻ˵
ʱһϷͱŸжĻ棬˾ռߣȻҲһֱɻ
ΪʲôʱôŬˣݼûڣϷɻҪҩˮ
ɻһֱǾδ⿪֮һ
ĽȴԱ⣬ͶʶˣҪĵĸһ㣬ԽȻ
ʱǰͲýһ㣬иʱѧϰˡ
߾ĽȣǱ߿಻ԣԴƻ󣬾Ϊ˸Ͻȣÿ춼˲ҹϷ
һһ˵ҲգϷݱһһЩ˵ÿ컹ʱǲľ籾
ʱˣ׿˵ȷʵҵġ
ܳΪŮȻй֮һûΪغݽͷԼҵΪףֻԼĶʵġ
һһ⵹ǣ⼸ܽΧƨɺתҲ֪ڴʲô⡣
ʱˣ˵Ǹȡɫأ
һһ⻰Լ///
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ʱγֻ˿ֺڿ۾ʱ˵˵˼ڿϣһ·ϲû̫˿
첻õıϳˣ뵽ҪˣʱԼһ̲衣

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¾˵ѡѾѡ˲û̸ףȻ֪ܳ÷ǴϢܳ÷һֺҲûֱӾܾ
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л˵


14 
ԺʱûԼͺԼͣĳȥ
ʱԭٵģôദĻ죬ⲻ˶һģֱʱȷԼûº󣬺ſʼҹϷ¡
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ʱõ״̬ҶܵˣżȤһҲûϸʡ
´֪ͨʱϷʱֻûоѡ񶯡
ϢǽյԵ֪ͨʱǱҲӶ˺ܴĽչ
ʱĻʱԭ΢ܳ÷뵽Ĳɢȥ϶òǾ͵ŵʱһɡ
֪ͨյԵ֪ͨҲǸˣƽʱһʱԶҲصش绰ú׼ԡ
ʱ뿪Цˣ˵Щְɣ
⻹м٣ʱĻɣʱԶͬ־úǲá
Ǿ͵Ŷְɡʱ־ڱصá
ԻһμԵСӴʱϺڿ۾ƬֻĨһ׺ǳɫĿں졣
žԼʱ⣬뱻ϳĻӦò
ԣΪ֮ǰʱʵš
ԳɼԼ˸СĿ꣬Ǿ
Ե죬ҵЩţԵûϳ
ԵСĿ꣬ʱʵˣ̳˵һʵ벻Ҳʤ֮䣬Ͼоˡ
ˣϰ֮·ǳɹķ֮һֻҪԼʾһû⣬ʽϰ
죬ʱ䣬ʱرעԼϢⲻ
󣬾ǵȴʱҲԽڴ¾ʮϷҲɱ࣬˵˫ϲš
ʱͻȻܳ÷ʱ²϶ûģʲô˼¡
ʱܳ÷ȷʵעߵĽȣֻɱֱӴʱȥμӼա
գ˼壬һЩ˶Ҳ֪ʱָߣҲδ
뵽ܳ÷Щ⣬һжʱҵģȻҲ˺֣ʱԹ԰¼ôȥյľˡ
ΪɱϷҪһضĳԵ˼죬Ҳǵ⼸ʱæ
ܳ÷죬ʾڸսʱҲĸо
ռ֣ʱܵܳ÷Ķ⣬֪ԭָߣδȴμգһжˡ
ܳ÷ĵ⣬ʱչһЦǸܽ㣬Ҳȥ
ʱʲô˼ͬǩˣ㲻ȥ͵ΥԼɣܳ÷׺ݣͲβʱ
ʱΣûʲô˼ȥ˾ϵ˼Ϊæȥ˰ְء
л˵


15 
ܳ÷ʱ˵һһ㶵ģҧгݵʱΪ˾㿪Ĳɣ߾ߣ
˾ȻҿģȷʵߣŶˣҵ˺룬鷳ңȻҪǲԼҲСԼҲ鷳˵㡣
ʱ͹˾ĺͬܳ÷˵Ķʱʱľ֪ģͲʱõĳΥԼ
ܽ㣬һͲ㵣ˣǱߵķᴦġʱ˵꿴һܳ÷Ҳأǳ˼һϢء
ǣΪٶעˣܳ÷֪뵽ʲôͻȻЦ
ʱˣ˰죬ǼͬѼۡ
ʱԼĻֱ뿪ܳ÷߬ȭͷȥ£ӦñԼżɡ
ʱĺͬأΪԼղŵſǸġ
һϷͰźɱ磬ῴʱæкϽλȡһ͹
˼ܳ÷ղŵƺǲ죬ɵǵĿʱû°ɣ
ʱЩ⣺ʲôΪѾֵĺˡ
㾭˸ղźЩˡԽദ˼ԽǾʱĴСѵ
û£߲˶ҪΪܿͲҾˡʱ˵˼գգۣȦûǣϾǳ֪
㲻ˣ˼ɵɴ۾ӰҵҲ˾ˣʱȻۣ
ţˣ߰ɣٴˡ
ʱ뿪ıӰ˼ԼԽ㲻ˣôôԼˣԭôԼôԼ͸Ӧؿƿǡ

ܳ÷ֱȥգյ˽˻ױһŭĺ˵ʱУȻҲͼӴ׵ҿٶעСɲ
üͷܳ÷˵ôһѷϻΪ˸ûõ¼ѵҪͨغݲû
¼Ҳ֪ࣺǾͲ¼
Ҳڰȷʵټغûټ֣ҲõôҪʱóԸԼ
Ҹ˼գָδԭóû뵽Ȼ˵Ҫȥ˰ְμӲˣǲǿ÷Ǳ߸ΥԼܳ÷ѻȫʱϣϾŮŵĽɫѾõɲ³
ȥ֪ͨǱ߰ɡ˵겻߬Լģ˲Ϊ𣬿ʱѾõˣԼҪ¼֡
ȵȣ˵Ҫְ˰֣ܴϵ
ôҵġܳ÷˵ע⵽飬Ҳý
ͬע⵽ͻȻ飬ʵ磬ʲô𣿡
ܿ˽͵˵ְ˰Ļô˾ĺͬѾûԼ
˵Щźһ֪ʱ˼ǩ
ʲô˼ܳ÷ԻΨһԼʱĶǺͬ
ջãŮ⻷ˣȻ𾪣Ҳܲƭˣŵѯ¾ͨⷽˡ
ȥѯǱߡ
ȵܳ÷뿪Ƴüܿڵõģ˵Ǽ¡
Լã֮ǰΪԼ˽ʱģڲ֪ԭѹͲ˽ʱ
Ȼʱȥְô̶ܴϲṫ¼ԺĹҲԸմȾȦ¡ܷ
һڵĿֻΪ빫˾أղ²һܡ
ʱ뿪̫ˬ죬ºҲ̫̤ʵϾʱغݵȫ֡
˵ͷʱôѣҲӦһҪû¼ԭ
ҵڣÿһߵļΪŬҪžһвء
ųܣԺ̸̸ܽ
ٵȵȰɡղԸȥʱͷ

¾ʮ곹ɱ࣬ϵɱ֣Ա߳ԵһС꣬ʱŻǵȻٸʧҵ°ɡ
ϱѭ浸صĹҲ²һȻҲĶԱȣʱ㡣
ʱûкȾƣһЦĶЦ֣˼չĸǲμӵǸ۹ƹ˶þҪʼ¼ˡ
ϲʱΪǸˡ
Щյ·ʱ϶ѵ̣ʱһ㡣Ҳǰʱعˡ
ֵʱЦˣãĲá
ô˵ˣģ˼Ǹˣ˵˼˵껹ԼĿڡ
ʱҪͣϧѾžƿȥˣѺ˵ɡ
ʱͷһֻʱԼʱ䲻ԶˣֺСȥԱߡ
ʱĻСգ۾˺һҵԼʱҪȦ𣿡
ô˵ԽҪܽǱˡʱЩǸ
ʱ֮ǰЩ沿ݼʵǿϣһΣСܿ췴Ӧ
ԣЩϡʱЦŵ
ʱĳɹС׳־ǿ鷳ƼҲԡ
ϰջɱˣοܳ÷ָʹԼһЩϷ¡
ҪĻЩɣҲòˣҲףˣʱǵСҲ䣬ȰԭʹԼҲá
ھƫǾϣСҲиûԻ͵δ
ʱʱʱ򣬼һֱž֮ǰƬǱߣɵʵ᲻𣿡
ʱܿջĿ⣺ǵûУֻڸ𡣡
ʱϲ²һԼοѾȺܶˣϾѾԹˣأʱ
˵Ķԣģںڴְ¡ʱȷʵڴְ£ΪǾʹʱŮ߳ƫ룬ҲõĽ֡
ʱһʱףʱܳ÷ȥѯ˹˾񣬵õĴ𰸺֮ǰ˵Ĳࡣ
Ȼвʣ뵽ԺʱǳԹҷģײҼԹԵİ΢뷢˹ȥָо
ʱܳ÷΢ֱӰɾڣԺǲнˡ
˳û΢ô鷳ȥߣʱøãŻûְʱȥľؿӡ
ľȻ￪ֻһСʱľ룬Ǳ߾ȴһأҲۣǮ´ࡣ
ˣʱȥӺͳʱͻȻ
Ǯһſʾ㻨ǮʱЩ˼
˵õĽ㲻Ǹöˡ
ǺðɡʱǾԼǮҲá
ľزټϿѡһ㣬ʱһĿ꣬Ϊ
˵ǣоװ¥̣ʱѡңϾһˣҪ̫
ľ˰ֶ־ֺܽʱ£˶־֣һ־֣һ־Ǳߡ
߻־ּңؾֻҲͼ׵ľ룬ֻҪֵһ־ֵĻϰͺܽ
ӽˣǳ⣬ʱ̫ߵѡһƷƣйоأ̫
ԱߵʱüȦɳ˲٣ϲȤôʱʡǮ
ѣҲġʱ⡣
ͳ㶨ǰڵ׼ʱʼڼҵȴְĵ
ԭΪܳ÷˵ԺҲǳ׺ǱиְǰϦһӵغԴ̫̫ĵ绰
غԴ̫̫ºͣһʼȻԳķ˿ʮֱ׵ʱС㱻Ϸˣĸ𣿡
أʱʵ
ϻгᣬʱСץסᡣ绰
ʱ̲ס˸ۣΪʲô˶ľʹ̫дɵ֡
Ĭ˼Ļɲ࣬ʱСҪ
ǿǿϧأҪȥµλ̫̫˿Ĳ̫ϸ񰡣
л˵
һ¾ҪVʮʸϣҶ֧棬ôôգ˳Ԥ
Ԥաұˡѧ
һɽ磬ް꣬Ϊ延ûɽٷʱֱһ״ɽԭ硣
ŷ֣ԭԼԭڵ羹һ飬Ů
о飬ǧϻغźȴҪȥͺ衣
һɽ绽ķ˫ޣΪʲôҪԽȥ˵裿
ȻܾҪ󣬱ϳ޷Ҳ£һߣͿɡ
裬裬裬һƽɷֻ벻ûм
*
Ȧ˸ЦҸϻĹŮȻǸƭӡ
˶ڵżЦû뵽ЦûżһԾΪȦ¹󡣸Һŷǧ׷Ȧǣ̽УϧһǧֻΪһ档
ܶ󣬶УⶼŶӣ

ǧиܣʵǴʿ֪Ůǧ֪Ůϻͺ
ǮգһűŮżۣ޻𱬳ȦһڳΪȦģޡ
Ϊȫ飬ͼȡ֮Ը˼ңŮô
ĻΪʲôﲻһӵһ䡣
˵õŮҸأ
Ů뿪ΪˣΪʲôԽԽˣһ棬ȻŲϺš
Ԥբڡ۱ˡ
ԴӸһֱֱлһμۣ֪ˡ
ֵһѺദΪѣڶ䵱ᣬ˳ƱøС
úĸ׶԰ʱڽеһ
ȻΪѣóֻеĵεΣֵһ΢źѡ
ԹĿĵģǣվˣ

ԴӸоͰس֣鱻ܡ
ĳγ콵ϵͳֻҪľܱ˹顣
԰ϵͳʾμۣҲ˳Ϻѡ
Щԡ
һϵͳݮţ̣ƫƫҪ㽶ţ̣Լǵ㽶
ڶϵͳ񿪳ֿ䣬˼ʻ
ϵͳֿƬǰѡ˿ֲƬ
죬죬N죬ֺ͸ԶŸɵһ졣
ԣֺ֪ˣ군ˣǲˣôͣ
Դ֪ԵĹϵͳֻһͷԲ⣬ڹڵķӦѡֱƽû뵽ǵCP۾ȻԶϲʽѹڶ
ȫǡʵҲ̫ÿģ̫˰ɣ֮ۡ
ģˣˣǼٵģ


16 
ʱҶϵ绰ֻˬ, ȥľ飬ȥĺ֮, ЩԺ󶼸ûϵˡ
뵽ղλ̫̫, ȻԳķ˿Խпһ㶼٣Щſɲ
˰, ȴʲôأԴ绰𽵹ˣ
, ʰ𣿡ʱߵ
ʱһԼŮǵĹ⻷˵ģԾֵɣҪȥԼңСȥˡ
໹Ǳ߶, ʱЦ⣬ߵǰЦŵ, Ѿʰ, İ, Ѿܶˡ
˵ö, οľعȥֻҪһСʱ, ȱʲô͹ȥСʱĻù೹׷
Ҳǣ⽫ʱ䣬һȦƴ, ˵Ͳʲôɡ
⼸ʱҵպܺ, ʱϰ£Ǹ˵, ʱȦ¡
, Լ˵, ģʱҿ϶͸ġʱЦŵǱߵķǰһ˶ѾȥȷϹˣʲôȱ
ȱĻҲһЩСǱ߶õ鷳ʱĿҲС
˵Ĺĺܿ촵ɢղͨ绰ƣʱĵغͼһ
ʱĺ飬ͷҶϵ绰غԴ̫̫֣ûôˡ
뵽ղʱԴĻ̲סüйԼȥʱڵ
ķᣬֻ취ˡ

ڶһ磬ʱԼȥľǱ߱
ʱûٴƬͺڿ۾ϾԺҶ֪ûҪαװ
¼СʱһƵС㣬˶Ӧ
ƽ̫עȦŮעһ㣬ҽܺ󣬽ŮЩɵʵʱǸʱ𣿡
ʱû뵽ôͱϳˣͷ󷽳ϣţҡ
ʱЩ˷ܣҹȻûԵʱҾ;ˣԼϴˣһֱȷ
ͬͬգô걾ܿ϶¾ʮ鷢ľ͸ͼ־òǣ⻹һأŪˡ
Աߵ˶һľȣһȻǿʱ֮ǰݡ
Ȼ궼һȵؿʱȦǺܶͨĵطʱȻôˡ
̫ˣ㾹Ȼɵķ
ϾȦͨˣǮ׺ܶ࣬ʱԸȷʵ˾ȡ
ֻһҲ˲پ롣
˸ǴչСѯȦֹϣЩ𣿡
ʱҡҡͷҲ֪ϾұȽϺ
ʱ˵ʵʵĶ񵱺Ҿ֪Ҳֱ׵˵֪Ͼӿڳ
ǳ֮ԺأӦİɣܰȻǵCPۡ
⵹ģĿġʱЦŵ鲻˿϶޳ġ
ܿ쵽˷ʱ䣬˷ֱ𱻷ֵͬķ־ֻ߹
˵ʱֵ־Ǳߣζסĵطܽ
סĻתסҷӵʱ䡣
ѾˣΪ˽أҿľʮӵӣÿ춼Ҫȥ
˶סתȻҷӡ
ΪҪƷ˳ߴű˴ȥ
־ҪΧĸ幤̻һ˰Դʱ־쵼Žǰʱ͸ѧϰ
ʳǱύϣԷʱ˳ȥʳ¼ΪλвԷֻҪԷһ飬顣
ȥʳòŷĵذһܲ˵ſڣΪ˶ž˷ѣÿÿ칫ҶҪͣȷԷʱΪͦõġ
Сʳͷ˳һȺƽʱ
ȥһ־֣ǱдڣҲÿ춼Ҫֱ˰ˡ
ÿҲǣֻڻڣһ㡣ʱ
Ҫе֣Ժëκõġƿֵ
ǿ϶κõġ˸͵
ʳ÷ζʱղŽһŲ˵ϳ棬һϲ棬ϲ
˵˳ǣϹ𣿡
ԣ˵ӭ»ᡣʾԼõ⡣
ҲǣҲҪᡣܰȻڵ
Խ͹װŮǱˣǴ㾡ȥҷӣǼĩаҪҪһȥн顣
ʱƱʾԼĩҪؼңԼĩȥҷӡ
緹ʱֱӻȥݣҲʱ򣬺͹Ƶͨ쵼ƣͬƺദõġ
ҶƵʱŷǵСȺ˶ڲϵذԼ
ʱô£Ҵʲô
ܰȻˡ
꣺ʳóԷϳˣҶڴ㡣
ԭҾԱԼͦԶģͻȻһˣҿɲͺ
ʱ־ߣ඼ˣȦ¶Ȥ絹ûʲô
ȥʳóԷע
ǷĽͼóЩ̽඼ĺ棬ʱС
ƣҹƴҶһֹϰ/Ц/
ܰȻǿɲ΢ԤִϣɶҲǡ
Խ壺ʱ㻹ǰϵ𣬻߿԰æҪǩ//
װⲻ׬Ǯ·/ͷ/
꣺Ǹִһòã@ʱ㸺Ҫҹ/бЦ/
ƣ@ʱҲҪˣġ
װʲôʲôǣôг@ʱңǰ˶ˡ
һڻƣȺԽгۿҪһˣʱǸϽݣȻָϰˡ
ݹʱԼıȥ˰칫ңȻ־ֳס˵һԷ¡
ʱȻܾΪڣʱ䵹ǺæʱŽһѧϰ˰
ĵطǶʱ룬ȻЩ
ϣ쵼ʼʱͥԼס棬ȻҲû¸⡣
ʱЦŵ²ż
־ֳЦʶʶҲǺõģŽϹǹϵͳģʱܼ
ŽҲԱЦŲСʱϲʲôظңʱܽܡ
Ž㣬治ءʱܵ
ȷʵСʱҲڵ˾ϲԱʱΧ
ҶǴˣʱԸ⣬Ҳܿ⣬ת˵
Ҳʱʱ˽⵽־ֵ˲ûе룬λԸȥˣƽﶼǴǱߣԲûܲμӽķ֡
ǵһǣ϶ȶԱ¶һЩһؾٽܸʶŽСʱ˵λԸϢ
ллŽ㡣ʱ˾Ĺ֭
־ֵЩ䶼ʮңԶʱչˡ
ʹҸʱӣһӵϣ߻ȥʳˡ
ȻǾװޣû̻ʱ˺ܶС⣬һӾܰ
ȥϴ裬ϴ̸㶨ҲʮӣʱɸпǽϢ
˯ǰˢˢ΢һ΢ͿйϵϢ
뵽Լ绰֣ʱֱºйء
㿪⣬˽⵽ԭί
ϵķҪΪϺȴͻȻðһϮ˹֮һغݡ
ӵ⻷غȻ£ϮȻҲֳİƷ
ԭҶΪϮغݵ˹ƺйϸԲŻһ
ȴ룬ʺյĿȷ˿Ҿ⣬һֱΪŮѡ
غݺ鹫ԾغգҪһ˽췢ϮһĻ
غݵ£յȶȺܸߣйܿѣȻҲųغԴ֡
Ȼ϶غݶһƬڲ¸ȴǲغݱˣôƱػϹƱĶ
ɶ¹ÿһλɶ棬Ȼ᲻
ʱͼƬ첲ɴغݣԼһǵգĬĬ˳΢
ֵֺ֮Ķɲһнǧ˸õǵġ
յĲ˵ȥȥʳó͡
û˳ͼƬ΢ǱϢŷ˹
һһϽĺæˣҺܽ˼գôˣ
ʱˣϢҲ̫ˣõģѾܾˣ˳͹˾Լˡ
һһţưãô㾹Ȼû֨һȥĸ˾ˣ
濴ʱԼ϶ǩĻͲõΥԼ£¶һġ
ʱˣǣѡ񿼹ˡ
һһ
ʱˣϰˣ͹˾ĺͬԶ
һһֲܽԹһǷǮı飬֪ǲҵĴ⼸Ҳܲԡ
һһнãôţƵ£㲻Ҫһ赭дģء
ְУҲ⣬Ⲣ֪жѣΪˣֻ˵һʱţơ
ʱˣⲻǾ˻ǫһĺ
ܹܵʱĸˣԭΪȦΪغݺյıȣܵмĿ֡
ŷԼˣÿ˶ϲԱȻʱѡôҪľף
һһϷݹƿҪɱˣ²ϷӦòô飬ʱף
ʱˣУڲȱʱ䣬ÿĩп///
һһܺãɹҵļˡ
Դӽ˾飬ѾӽûϢˡ
ʱˣĽˣȵʵʱ͸Ľˡ
һһŬ꣬ȡݡ
ʱˣȡjpgʱνɡ
һһ֡

ʳþ־ֲԶʱ˵ȥʳóͣڰ˵֮ǰ칫Ҿͺá
ʳãԲĿ⿴֮ǰԱݴˡ
ڴҵĺڶ࿴ۣȻʱмܲס
ʱƹͺˡ
˰칫ңǸŽѧϰһ죬˳æӡӡһЩϣ
ԷʱСʳͷҸԽԼľ
װ־쵼ĻЩȷǹ¸¶Ҫȥѧϰѵһ£ǹ
ȥѧϰЩ棬տҽһ㣬ҪȥԶĵطɣ
һֻ֪칫һ죬ĻҪ氲ţҹˡʱӦǽְĶҪȥѧϰ
ȥѧϰҲУڰ칫ҲѧϰˣԷ쵼˵ǽܶ𣿡ܰȻһԵشʱǰ
һ䣬쵼Ĺأʱ⡣
Ҳˣҵǲԣµʱˣ۲֪ôܾܰȻһĿա
δѵҲ̫һ㣬ٵ°ɡЦŵ
ʱԭΪְĵһӦöǸŽѧϰյ칫ңͱ־ֳеԱ߰칫ҡ
֣£ʱȻ򶨣ﻹЩģͻȻòʲô°ɡ
ŽѧϰôƽԶһƵʵ
ͦõġ⻰ʱͷԡ
ǿʱĽţƽԶϵЦݸõģ㲻ʲô£Ǻ¡
˵ֻҪҿ϶ʱæ
ⲻԴ籣˰պ󣬺ܶ˶֪ںźֻ˶ԲΪ˱ɷ˶·Ƿ˰ɴѧƵ˵ǰԱ϶о飬㿴ûɣƽԶһֱº͡
ʱʶҪܾƽԶ飬ѾӦ˰Ǳˣ˵ͷûġ
Уǻ׼һǻϵ㡣ʱӦƽԶϵЦݸ
ЦŶʱȻҪ˰Ǳ߹ܣÿҽ޵ʱ䣬־ѯҲܶ࣬ǶѧѧʱҲܸɷ˽𡣡
Ҳһѧϰˣʱͷ
ص칫ŽЦŵСʱҲ֪ǰݹϷأֲóôƯ
ʱʱ֪ϢǷ˰Ǳߴģڰ칫ҵֻǿ䣬Ͱ·ˣʵʱ˿
뵽¸ݵĽѧƵʱֿʼͷۣǽѧƵҪرݼֱձƾǡ
ºܿ챻ʱӵԺΪ壬ϢϾͿְĵһĩ
Ҹڿ˼ǵȦȻҸжǶԱȳģţظ˵ޡ
ˢȦܿ췢ʱĵޡ
һһǿһҫû֤ݡ
ʱˣŵ㣬²Ҫ֤ݣôôУʱˢֻ
һһغ̽࣬ϢСʱ
ʱˣѵȣ/Ц/Ц/
һһһĻд̫̫˵ӰҵԺλ̫̫
ʱˣа. jpg
һһ˵ؼλѾʼˣغ̫үλòΪȹ̫ݣط˷ŻҪˡ
ʱˣֿԿˡ
һһͿغǰ˻Ǹɽˣֻ̫̫ƹӰҵ飬ǲˡ
ʱˣӦòᣬغó鵰⣬֣ʱڹƲд
һһԸɣڵſЦء
ľ˲ٴΣÿεſŮЦ˶ھƫ룬ʱʼڴһĽ
һ°࣬ʱͿؼңʰ÷ųˣ͵°ˡ
ҵʱ򣬷Ҳպãﰢ̹ʱģæʵôϰ۲ۣͬºദ𣿡
ʱԶȻû˵һֱעߵĶ
ۣҶܺദԼĩһȥءܰȻĩҷӣ¸ݴ档
ǾͺãǾͺãϽȥϴ֣ϳԷˡ˵ް׼¡
ϴ󲿷ֲ˶ʱԵģȻʳζȻͼﲻܱȡ
ڼҵɵģϧɵúܿ졣
һϣڼҳԹͺʱҪȥľˣȺƵļ϶˸ǷƽʱһСʱЩ
ԺϹȥһϾͲˡ
˰칫ңʱ쵼ĻȻһᣬ¥Ϸ˰С
ʱ쵼к͸һȥ¥ϰ칫ҡ
˵СһЦؿʵܼ򵥣ӦûѶȡ
˵Щյ˵ǰѲ̸ʱ
ʱȷʵǴ⣬Ҫľǲ̣ԼһЩ˳ڵĻ
ʱƷûƷϴǸСģϵҲ
ԭΪǸ򵥵ƵҲźãڻҪ£ȻŻڹٷ˺Ͷš
ȷ㿴ʱʲô׵ֱӸǡ
ô鷳Ǿûˡʱæ֡
ⷽȽϤ͵ǰѰѹأƵҲǵһء
סǵİУʱֻܵͷӦ
ʱְʱѾһѮϾµ³³Сڣ֮ǰæʱŽѧϰ
ͷ¾ʮԴɱδΪƽ̨üǮֿʼˡ
Ǻһ磬Ȳѡ
ûͶʵ۹αݣպغݵġ֮Ժ⡱CPߣҶڽĿ﷢ǡ
˼ͳҲڵļα֮һԺ¾ʮѡ
Ҳʱ򣬴ͻȻע⵽С²¾ʮŮ
ǼϷҷԭŮʱ
СգۣŮ/Ц/Ц/
Сãڸߴʱﶼܴ
ԻȻǣƺܾûʱϢˡ
̫粢磺Ժ󣬾ûʲôˮˣ֮ǰظԼҲûʲôˮɣҲ֪ĲѵǮ
մˮǲ˵Ҷˣֲʱô徲ԭʱ
̲øòҪɡ
ʲôʱ꣺ǰɣôûʲô۶ӡ
۵ʱʱںͷ˰ɵС㿴Ƶ
ѾãûʲôĻͿԷųøֻ֪Ͼܲһܰȫˣ·
ʱƵԼգããûдسԣϾ̫֡
ȷʱûƵֱӷ
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𣡣ֻҷǹٷ
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һʱϰ
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Խ𣺹Ȼľͷǿ
һػǵļңҥҥȹٷظ

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Ȼغݺ֤֣ӰҵҲʲôӰ죬Īĵִ
ųԴļʰɣ֣ĳǲսӰҵѹԼһͷ
룬غݸһô֣ݾһģȴĪһͷȻġ
ΪغԴͻȻعϣغݵѹ׹ףȴڴǰ°ڵһ뵽ת
ֱϣܰоͷϣҪտĵʱԽԽˣ״̬Ҫ⣬
ǿһ䣬Щͷ۵Լüģ֪ˣ硣
ȵ˾飬շ˿Щ죬̲סܣѯǲǷʲô£
ҡҡͷԱߵʹһɫܿ⣬ǰ벽쵽鹤Ա
ϷݣѾƵֻ֪ʱϰȻ֪ȥ˰֡
һһ㾹Ȼȥ˰֣ɪɪ
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һһԺѣǲҪʱ㿴˰֤
һһȫ˺ѵż
ʱˣǵأ㰴ʱ˰ͺã˰ǻֵء
һһͻȻ˷jpgԺҲǳ˵ˡ
ʱˣʺjpg
һһ֪𣬾鶼㣬Ҷڲ²᲻ᱨա
ʱٴκʺˣЩÿࡣ
ʱˣҿûǸģ㻹ûɱأ
һһˣͽ졣
ʱˣҿǸ۶ˣΪɱء
һһǰɱˣպˡ
ʱŶͻȻû˻Ӧ棬˳ƹر˵졣
Ҫֻĵ绰ʹ˽ǻϲóƵܸˡ
ĸֿ佱ʱЩ˼裬˵ôֻǰͬһæ
öңĺܸˡ֮ǰΪʱЩеĺϣﰵﳰǣʱ˳ϰ£Ȼȴûȥȴû뵽Ƶǹ˳ȥ
ʱ׹飬Ƿͬѧǳɹģ˵꣬ԼĳɾͣҲʱȵһʽʹԭûǸ˼
ΪԭִȦ̫಻õۣЩ˿ɲ͵ôŻ䳰ȷ
ʱæҶϹĵ绰΢ðܶϢϤ˷ģҲвϤ˷ġ
ȫΪƵ£Vشǵʡ
ľ˰ǵŶСľ־ֵʱŶ@Ѿƣʳǵλ
ΪظƵѣҲǾ˿Ŀԭ
֮ìܣ˲֪һȴ֪ġ
ۿʱ飬漴伣ԭΪʱôˣϾˣȦÿ궼дѵĴڡ
˭Ҳû뵽ʱѰ·Ȼѡ񿼹ϰǶ˵Ще˰֡
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Ƶʱóɫ״̬ܺãֺúͿױȫһ
¼߬ģʱôˡ
Դضʱľô
մסԼóֻغݷϢ
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ʵ˵Ƿ˰ǱߣʱԼû뵽Ƶᴫô㣬۶Ȼô
̶̼СʱƵµѾͻʮˣǻǵһΡ
ù񣺴ͨˣԭ籣˰ˡ
漣Ҳ֪ԭҵ/ҽƣгҽϡ
Ҿͽȥдҵԭô򵥣ǰҼǵǴǽǮɲϰˣ񻹸Ҽ˼ġ
ӻںͷҲǣũϱһһ٣ںǼˣһֱš
Ұɫȹӷɫ£Ұÿ궼ҪܴԶȥûнϣͷܶ࣬лʱ
۵ԽԽ˲ԼƵݱʱһЦǵĳԣϣƵܹˡ
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ǳ̸ʱһȦʲô
۱ѡ
СЦĸԼæŸԱհɣ
л˵


17 
ʱͷ˰Ǳ߶û뵽һѧƵȻӦ
ԭʱҪ˯, ¡
һһҪЦ, ƺܶ˶˯žˡ
ʱˣ
ֱӰ΢ӷ˹, ʱ۱
յҪϴ籣ѵҹв˲˰ĸ/ͷ/ͷ/
ɫģЦʱĶԼҹƴûĻŹ
棺ҹȦƶæ, æŻûеʱ
㶫Ϸɣ󵨣ݵǵС֮ĴĦʱ, ǹ˽ˡ
ץסβͣʱ㵱Ȼǹ˽ˣֻȦεļͼί/͵Ц/͵Ц/
׳ƺҫۣǰ¶Ǯٲ˵Ƣģĥ, ؼǵ浽˵һ, ϺҽƱնû, Ᵽ/Ц/Ц/
ҪȦڴһȦʱĸл
ָɫģԽӮʵȦ
, һӮ
ʱ淭, ۵ȶԽ, Ѿصһˡ
޿յ𣺽棬Щ˶׬ò٣ŶʮСʱ浽ıķ, õǮȴٵÿ, һеĴ඼Ϊϲ˰ɡ
һһ²jpgܽǵո˭ɣ
ʱˣǺ͹˾ǩĺͬù˾ɡ
˵, ʱӰҵ֣ӹ, ӦòŹĵĻǡ
һһ, Ҫûÿ³Ǯɡ
ʱˣȻν
һһ///ҲʲôʱɺˣžǺѵĴ۰ɣҪԺƯƿϵ
淢ĻʱЦ⣬֪ǵ͵ĵ춹ģʵᡣ
ʱˣΪңνߣ컹ϰ࣬˯ˡ
ֻ濴ͷȺԱλĸݣ뵽ԼµϷݣһ̣ٴμʱˡ
ϵµòһԺܶעǲ֮ҹ
Ϊ֮ǰغݸʱЩԴǽغ˵ģֻӪźʱͼ
ʱʱǣЦж࿪ģھжĻš
ΪԼˣԼʱλϣ϶ҹЩ¡
ò˵Ĳˣý籣Ľ籣֮æһš
ʱû뵽¾ʮľȺҲ֡
Ϊദòʱû˵΢Ⱥһ֡
@ʱСʱϽû⣬ʱΪһǵľ粥˰
ǻҪʵС磬˭ġ
ǰڿɲһʱ
˼˲ǣǲҲò/͵Ц/͵Ц/
ڰԼʱʧЦ
ʱҾбҪһ㣬ҿûȨ޲Щ
ǵĴˡ
ĸ˰ΪʱȶȥˣûʱȦ֮ʱһȶȡ
˼@ʱôȶȣǲǸ÷
ȿȿȣǾ粥϶ٲˣʱϰ۲ۣ
ᵽ£ݾͿʼҶһЦ龭һţʹطͶˣҲˣԾ黹һ
ʱ˸Ƿг˼䣬˯ˣϾҪϰˡ
ڶһ磬Сʳ棬۽µĺȦԣһЦȿʱЦˡ
ô£ʱȻûкȦⲻ
ʱͻȻչԴԾܰȻʲôأ
ʱ㾹ȻûкȦûԹϣܰȻǾȡ
ϴ⪣һȥ˵Ĺ۹⣬һȥһӪ֣ҪŽҪϰ࣬϶ֱͨ
ʲôϣʱﲻʣѵʲô
üһƾһ֮Ȧ˳ҹδߣԼȻ˯𡣡һŵؿߵ
Ӫѣ緢Բע΢ë˶֪ôʱòعصĿ϶УҲ˵ôࡣ
ҲǣͦڴġЦ⡣
ʲô棿ʱЩ档
̳Ǻܶðͷ˵칤Ҹ籣㱨΢й¶ԼԶѡ̳
ҪҹˡԽ͹װҲһ˷ܣԹǵһκԼйĹϣܲ˷
˵ܵõǵļлţлʱƾһ֮Ȧ⡣һ仰Խ廹òǻ
Ц㣬м㣬һʵҲܰȻЦ
ؼֻ͵͵ȻѾĻ棬л˹ƶڸ̳˵һĲȻ˵ŰοĻϵЦй¶
ʱûؿһۣǾͿֲ´ɡ
ע󣬳￴ԽԽˡʳõԽԽ࣬ͶߵĿҲԽԽ࣬඼ˡ
ҶһٵӣһԹ˰ɡ
ʱ̾˿鷢չزҲû뵽ģƫļ۵˷ܣȺһһҲ˼
ʱҿ𣿡ѩҲ֮ǰʱĽѧƵСʵ
Ȼԡʱ˵ơ
ѩĵܰȻǼ˲١
ѩҲģ˷Զ׼ʱ֪ǹٷ˺ſͨһһôۣҴ쵽ڷ˿ֱ򡣡
ѩһ̬ʱͻȻ˲õԤС
ȻѩΪ˼ؿڵȴһ籣ĳ⣬ʱ㿴ʲôʱʱ䣬ʱ
üһֱܾĻᶼʱ
ѩ˵æ͵ÿ׶籣߷ڣΪԭӺʱ䣬ȶȣ͸˿·ýɷڼɽɷѺͲѯ
Ȼô㣬ЩΪʲôҪܴⲻʱ𣿡ԽʣϾֻѾռˡ
ȻֻһСʱĳ̣Ϊˣ˶ȥ˴УµĴ඼˺Сµķˡѩǽ͵
ܶ˲ֻֻ΢źͶ֮ģΪأֻܵذҪľø֪籣һǵõأ˰ںţжˣ˰ֵȶԽɡȫԼüŶӴ
ԭܰȻǸŵ˵ͷ˵ˣ֮ǰҲ֪ԭ籣ô㡣
ҪʱȻܾܾǵʹԼֱ쵼˼С
ӦѩЦº͵ģҿ϶Ҫ˵һģⲻǾǰ˵һȽϺ𣿡
ƽԶͷΪ˰ǱߴкֱͬǽˣʱȥѧϰǺ£ٽ籣˵˺ܶ࣬ʱܽⲿҲǺõġ
ʱڶεôΪʱѩǱ߻׼ű֮ģʱʱǸŽѧϰ
սʱʳóԷ˳ܰȻĩҲԪȥ¡
϶ǰƵɣȻʱûˡܰȻ˵óֻʹ㶩Ƶꡣ
ʵǲĻסǱߡʱ˵֮ǰʱԶ͹͸ԭϴѧѧУķӣҲһ
ԭͼַԺûȥϴλȥǱһֱ˴ɨԺ»ǽԼ
ĩʱȥһˣɨһЩ
ܰȻЩģϾղμӹʡʡЩԥؿʱ᲻ŵ˰
ᣬǱֻһסʱ͵
ˣʱôҲǻȦˣ˵Ÿʱһǡ
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ˣʱ룬ûԼϵʵ
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˲Ŀ⣬ֻʾǿ
ԭԳֵϡ
Ե̢ЦѶӣ첻ٹԱα
ƿװˮߣʱƾһ߲֮αδϽǲߣһллʱ㡣
Իģ͸¶£˲˰𣿺档
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տ̫ʲô˰̽ѧƵ/Ц/Ц/
ɫװ㣺ʱԼң˵лл㣬Ϊ㣬ůļ
ŵӵǣҾȻų˳
µ۴ǱȽϻֵģܰȻǿҲֱ֣ǴȤʱ˵һξ͸Ľ˰ˣҲˡ
ΪСһϢǻ֣߿ɾûôˡ
Ӱҵ֣֣ʱ²էߴغݵˣ֮ǰ̸׵ĺܶĿȷʵƷ
ԥʲôľ棬ʱ¼ҵ˻ᡣ
ӰҵߵԱһ𣬵ΪԷǳټеͬԼңǲûͳһ籣
Ҳָ֣غݵĻᣬȻҲ֪С£غݿ϶֪Ⲣⷢӡ
ԴغԴϣغԸоѹһֱ֪粢ûзȨ˼ѾĶôܷء
Ϊ֣ҵĹϵȷʵһЩ⣬Ȼųһ̣òȷʵһǿǿ˫Ӯ¡
ⲢųҵҪά֣ҲҪָֻš
ΪغݵϣȻǵһʱ䷢ʱ򱬺Ƶ
ԴغݺһͶϣԺʱǱ߾Ͳٹעʱ뿪£ǲ֪
ֱƵ֣ϣ֪ʱϰ͹˾ĺͬϰĻ˰֡
˲²ĶϾغôԴʱģϣ˵ǰҲΪ
ϣӡʱһֱǸƢĹʹغˬԼӣһҰο˵غæ⡣
ϣһμʱǸ֧Ʊ˰֤ʱͷһˡ
Ϊʵ׼ƴҵȴû뵽ȻѡȦ
غԼüģ̫࣬ۿյĲμӵ۾Ҫʼ¼ƣǰЩá
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ţغЦŵʲôϰ඼겻᣿
ϣ뻹ǾܣʱС͹˾Լ֪𣿡
Լȥļҹ˾غݲüһ뷨Ҳʱҹ˾ǩߣȻΥԼ
ļҹ˾ʱСܴѡ˿һ͹˾ĺͬȻͽˡ˵꣬ϣһζʱ
ҲŷǾ仰ȻäĿ
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غԲЦһϴ󰲷ô꣬Դ֣˼ֻ֣ҿǹû
ʱ䣬غûѹ֣ҵ⣬֣غԴצǰҲǺõġ
֣ҵĿ˿գӦúæǡҲ˵ʱغԴ֣ûʱغʹӡ
ӰҵǱôˣȻѾճҶĺԼߡ
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غص˵ͷȴû뵽ϺͷһԷĺôɩͻȻҩˮ
ҲǵģҪ׷Скְܶ취ȴѡķӣҪ˵ʱС㻹ڹ˾Ļͺð죬˼һתͷ˰֣ⲻʲôСʱ籣ƵʹӣŸϽȥǱߵ籣ϡ֣˵̾һһغ̫µģ
عԴӰϽԺ󣬾˾Ӷߣƽϻһ߶򣬺ȺȲ֮ġ
غݺ֮Ҳţһֱûϣⲻ棬ȵ˽һ϶Ȼ֪ôѡ
ϴϱ˼϶ģɿغݣǵҵ˵Ļɣ
֣ҵҵҪûȡ⼸Ҳһúܺá⼸ÿⲻõ֤
ϸһ¥ô棬֮ؼҵϱŵԡүӶ仰ȥ¥鷿룬϶⼸İӹˣãϴˣҲһΣС
ٷôɢغûڼסֱӿȥ˺ƽʱסıջû
պóʱúô֣һݴ˭֣ôء

ԱαĹҾͰչңƽʱЩ˶һԽӡ
Ȧ籣ǳ̬յĽţܵһķɣţǸѧƵ㡣
磬еġҡҡͷܾǼʱ׷ġ
֮ܲõֻܵǰշ£Ҳô¼ûˣ׼ôˣ
ܵĻûշʱ̵ʱ¼뵽ɹغݣҪ£ôô

ʱζ벻һƵŮ˼Ӱ쵽״̬
ڿѩԼļһЩ⡣
ڹغϼͬʱαʱ˫ݴ
ҪԴںุܶĸʹŮع˱գڵǽ˳ҽϡ
н籣ɵĽֹʱ֮һЩ⡣
ȻʱҲҪ죬õʱ̫ɬȻ
°ʱûȥʳãϡӣϲԣԴȥ
ŷСԼһ̳ӡ
С꣺ʱ㣬Ҷڸл㣬칫˾Ҳǰ籣ء
ʱǺ£ڸ˭ʱѧϰ
С꣺µˣƢҲʱѧϰ
ʱͣ
СĶԻʱȥӡ
Ŀȡ֣ͦҹǴ˶лʱ
ʱƳ۾˳ȻⲢǵĳԣΪǸˡ
ĳ˵ģʹǸǽɵ͵ôҲǽˣϣܹ
Ȧʱ·ʱ䣬ԸµȶȣҲһʱ˿
ʱ֪ǣͬʱйڵȦҲһţӦþôȥ˰ɡ
ΪʮµףǸ۸ڿǰ¼ƣ˼ͳʼæµǴУ԰裬Գ⼸顣
ҲæΪⲿеˮܳ÷ɾظͨ棬ѾܾûϢˡ
ȦôпᣬΪعȣҲüš
ʱҲɣȻҽӳ˽ɷʱ䣬ܶ˶ѱҪһ֮ǰϡ
ÿ춼вѯ籣صˣ֮ǰѩ˵ĴˣԼģŮﱲġ
ҲʱʱѩΪʲôҪ籣ĽѧƵˣЩ£Щ˵ĶŮͨںŻ鿴ȴŲ߲鿴
ʱһ룬ʱæȿˮʱ䶼ûУ˵ÿڸ
һˮ¶ǣ˺üˣүүݹ籣ѯʵүʲô£
СҲҵҽûۣÿµϱնûȡһһǧ࣬ҽ㹻ˣ֪ͨûۣҿҿϻжǮүӵЩ
ʮ䣬ÿ³ϱջһٶǮ籣һһζûȡҽҲǩԶۿЭ飬ôûأ
ѯ鲻ŶҪȥеġʱ͵˶Ϊܿ籣
籣ϻпֻǱ߲ܲ顣
ҿôûۣǮҿ۵ɲܶϱˡˣٶЩëҪҽˣסԺɾͲܱˡ
ãҸ鿴ʱ鿴ʧܵԭʾʧԭ㡣
ܣ⿨һֱϣҺӣô㡣Բʱ˵ǡ
ʱϱӵľ飬үӣȡǮһҪҲ鲻㿨ϵүſȥ嵥֪Ǯȥˡ
ŶӵҲŸ͵үֱȥй̨Ǹ嵥֪Ǯȥˡ
үԥ£ӹʱݹ籣ȥ嵥뿪ʱţǮôˡ
ʱԸԶȥˣԾϣԼȡǮԼˡ
Ŷӵ̲סֹǱӸˣڵСŶֻÿɱЩͷŶ
⻰ɱ˵˴ү˵˿һֱ𣿡
ﻨǮǻÿŶЦŵ
ʱ˰еᣬԼֻϲԺҲ·
ǲУѧᣬСﻹŪһ¡ʱΣҲǿѧϰֻ뿪ǰǲ̵ĵӣǿԷˣԺ˲ٰЩ¡
ܿ죬ʱǰһҪ󣺡ҰԶۿЭȡÿһҪһǧ࣬һζûùǾͲˡ
ǲԺ¾Ͳܱˣ²αаĵȴŶʱ
û£⼸һζûϡ˵ɼԼ
ʱһԱߵŽ㣬ŽҲһΣѯʽɷ˵Ը˱Ȼֹ˿ۿЭ顣
Ž⵽ĵַǴɲʱ˼빤ҽⶫǷδȻҪ¾ˡ
ʱһᵽľߵľ͹Ȧȫ硣
ҵļ籣ҵ񣬹һᣬղλүд嵥ˡ
¼ÿǮ֧ʱ䣬û˵ֻǰһŴСƱݸʱСִǮȥҿһҽ
õġʱӹ˵ݹ籣۵ҽȻѿݸۺˣֻϾܲ飬Ǵɲ¸ˣûˡ
лл㿩С˽ӹҽסغʱлʱƳ嵥ܿջĿ⡣
ʱְæһ磬Էʱ̲סһ˵̫໰̫ˡ
Ǳ߸æʱһæúˮʱ䶼ûС
ܰȻߺһ㣬˴ټ죬ܿͷżˡ
ԪպĩҲļڣСˡ
ʱһȥμӿ갡С٣ܰȻȥһ˵ãʱʱһȥ档
Խ͹װҲ룬ʱţİɣʱҿ϶úдǡ
أʱһԷƲһȥ㳡꣬һԷǱġ
˵ŷżٵĴ㣬Ҳǳ嵭ʱǵССܣһ滮г̡
ΪܿӭڣҪʱӰѩһĳƵ
һ죬ʱԱϴˣǸڷż֮ǰĺˡ
ϹأŪȷ㿴˵ʱһϰǾͷȥ飬ѩɡ
ʵǾÿԾˡʱ˵治ô鷳
ʱٿɣ졣ѩ֡
졣ѩֿʱæͣܰȻСɰԽװɰڳء
˶ǱˣһȥߵԵЩ˷ܡ
Խ͹װ˶ʱҸľƵ꣬ŻȥϴͳȥԻȻȥ㳡Ǳ߿̻㣬ȿ굹
֪ͬ»ԭؼʱܾˣʾǻ᲻ڡ
״ʾ⣬ǰð̸ǱȥˮʳͬǺú档
ʱʧЦǰԼ˲ɡ
صңͿ輸ʳбˮ̣ʱǸжȻٴڸĸȻǺӡ
ٶȹƱȽϿ죬Ҳ㣬Ǿõˡʱ˵Ŵȥϴ軻·
°Ϊ˽Լʱ䣬Ʒûһ·ʱǶڳ
Խ͹װȥƵʱףԼףһҲʲô
ʱǰԤԼõģλȻƫƧζܺãÿдĿޣԵǰԤԼ
ʱû뵽ڻǩգǩܾˣϾѾǹͬˡ
ԱޣվſںգСĵ·˵ӰⲢӰա
ʱСȥ㳡·ϣղźյӰƬ΢
Сżʱ̫ÿ/ͼƬ/ͼƬ/
ԭһ΢ȴΪС뾳·Ӱѡ
л˵


18 
ԭһͨĺ, ȴѶǻ۽𾦣ƾź뾳·˱Ӱ, ϳ·˵, Сȫ⺭־
־ԭĻˣźСȫ⺭ȶҲˡ
ƬȻ뾵ֻ־˵, ʮָۣһģ
Ϊǰ˸ոչμ۵Ϣ, ΪǱһ죬Ȼܿ˷Ӧ
ǿҹȫ⺭ڲμĳӵĿᣬĿֱʽ, ־ߵ˾Բȫ⺭־ʵˡ
Ⱥϣ־оȻˣȫ⺭ʵҡ
Сɰ˭־ô, ȫʵ, вò
ྵCPģȫ⺭СҲ̫˰, ˵һ, ;˲䡣
ɡϣ˵ȫ⺭ԭμ۵, Ͼ˭ϲ䣬Ǯ˽ŮӦ
ȿֻѩ̣־Ҳ̫˰, ˵α춼¼, Ϊȫ⺭ͣ¼ƣȻʱ˽С
ϴëҵģһ֮/ͷ/ͷ/
ɫ飺˰, ˭ݻʮָ, ȫ⺭һӡ
ûз磺һ˵һ, ȷʵͦƫƧģ־ԼҲû뵽ɡ
ԱֿʱȺĹ
ˮ첻ȣʱ֣˲ɱУǸüˣʱôǵĹأ
ԿףҪѣ㲻˵һûֿ֣ʱһֹˣԤ֡
ϲ̫𣺽ѹ־ߣνƱ硣
ΪƬֱͷʱȴԴһ֪
ԭ˵һǳԷģ°סˣ˳ȥ㳡Ǳ߿ոպá
ŮϸҪһ㣬ܰȻȽ˷ܣȥһŮ
ֹ̻ŮģԽ˵Խ˷ܡ
ʱҲǴǱʾŮտ̫ÿˡ
Խ͹װȻŮȤô˷ܣԸµȥŮ˳°ա
ŮˣջԼɡܰȻŲֱеռ
ϲմÿŮԣŮλʱն˿Сʱ
Խ͹װֻһԴϷֱǱ̳ǲɳǱ߿ȥ
ܿ˽⵽̳ĳƷ뵽վ̨ҲǴ̼ˡ
Ȼգ֪غûкһܰȻЩ˷ܵسͷȥ
ʱû뵽ԼμӸ굹ŮҲû˭ˣһԾԾԵܰȻҪȥǱߵĻǾȥ̲㡣
ʱɲԸȥǱߴ֣ٹ㳡߸վˡ
ܰȻԥ£ͷҲУȥ뿴һ¾ͻȥ𣿡
պͳ֮ԺCP޸Уҡҡͷʾȥ
Уȥȵ㶫ҵ¾ǡʵԼغݵCPܰȻҲ˵϶ϲй˹Ǿ䡰ˡᡣ
̲꣬ʱԥʲôʱԱߵԽͻȻ³һй
أע󡣡
ǸϽ΢ⶼˡԽ˵ŲϵػԼֻҳ档
ʱԴ΢Ϳѵһ־͵ڶȫ⺭ݳᣬźɫġ֡
ȵ㿪ŷ־ʵڸղźʱӰƬϡ
ղǾȻʹϲһľ궼̲סֿڡ
ŷŴ󾵳˰ɣⶼܿʵװЩˣ־߹ȥǶû֣Щ˿ȻƾűӰһЩϳ
ʱҲû뵽ӦһźվȻĺ۸֣в˰
@ʱͻȻʱе㶫
óԣϴβ˵ʱȦεļͼί/ͷ/ͷ/
Сʱ:Ҳϣֻǹİ˹
Сˮ˼ңлʱǳʵĹϣôˣʱʲô/ͷ/ͷ/
ߣǸ˵ڻżʱС
ʱƳһ۷˿Ȼ֮ǰ˲٣ǲ֪ǣѾˣעСš
˽źͰ̫࣬Ҳʱʱŷ˽вĵãû˿Լľ飬ʱ򷢳ܰﵽҲǺõġ
˷˿·˵˽ţȻвȦ˵İأʱƳһʱ䣬籣ɽѧƵصġ
Щʲô˼ѾˣȻᣬԭȦﲢûĵѣЩƽꡣ
ҪصҳʱƳľȻεȽ
εȽԭͬʱˣ˹ϵдѡǣεȽԭɹ½ɫ
ҲⲿϷһڶ죬ӶСУȻ˺ȻԭοɫõĲʣȻû˺ȴҲû
ΪεȽԭԭʶȦֻԶ棬ûĵѡ
ԴԺԭҲûнĵѡ
εȽľˣھȻץȶȣǰĺգʱֻӦ
ɨһۣ˻ǻص״̬ʱٿһ⼸ÿ췢΢Ҫ˺һΣ»ꡣ
ʱ룬֤Ǿ仰еΪ˺죬ԲҪֱȡεȽҲǱԼ̬Ȱɡ
ȡεȽʱĵú;·ϣȿ˾ȥ
˳΢΢ҪֳоΡ
һ㿪ͷСȺƱɡʱԹСֶӡ
ǣȺɶ˼ʱһؿԱɳԳԹϵˣҲ֪ʲôʱĵȺ
Ҳ㿴΢ڽˡЦ
ʲôôʱ
۲ŷ֣Ҷ湣ˣʲôʱйϳԡ
ʱˣô뵽ý˵ѵǸøлĲǷƬĲ
ǿ쿴˻˵ʱ˺öȦĹϣֱӱϣػصĴǳԹϡװЦᶼˡ
Щ˵ḻղʲôˣԾ;˵ǸЦ
Ҫ֪ӪŻǮȥ˺𣿡ʱǿ濴
Ҳ֪¾Ҫ̨ȫ⺭֪֪£ңͷæ׬Ǯ־ȴСң˵ҡҡͷڳĶôˡ
ڱδһ£ȽҪ˦˹ƻҪٽȥʱ緢ֵܱúá
ǵҲǣھ͵ȵ˷ˣŶˣ˲²Ѿμˣ˵»»СС»ˣϾ˳ҪΥԼġ룬δҲ̫˰ɡ
ͲܿƵ˵ġʱֱ̯ʾΡ
ԵʵҲͦѵģʲô¶ڴǰһ˽ûУͨˣȷ־ˣȫ֪ȫ⺭ˡԽǶȫ⺭ͬ顣
ʱע⵽ԼϢûлظں̨׼ɣƳһʱ䣬ʮһˣ¹㳡˾͸ԽԽࡣ
ܰȻʱԭΧڲϵΧڸ첲ϣˣʱ£ѽöˣҪѾ˸ǰ뿴̫ˣͻˡ
õ̲ݸǱ߿ôԹû
аɣ˵غҲˣûˣ˵ճۣҸоͦģȻ׷ǲ̫ʵСܰȻ˵һ̲衣
Ҹбҵˣÿͨˡο
飬ܰȻղ˵Ļæʵղ˵ʲôϣϽ˵˵
ʱ־ĹϣӺ濿˿ССڵغ̲裬룬Ȼʺ
ʱıƽ㳡ԭԽ֣˱ָȾҲȥ˹㳡
㳡ＸվˣҶڴʮĵŵµ¡
ǵǹ㳡мĴӵδֱʮ룬Ҷͬغţʮšˡߡġһ
ʱΧİˣҶ¶ѺõЦݣֱһ꣬ϳѤõ̻
ͷϵ̻˴ҵעԽȴѰ·Ǵŵ̻
ţǰڽ׼ġʱ͵
˵ǲŷԱСڽǣһİ࣬һ·ʱƣ룬ѯǣ𣿡
ˣе䣬˯ٳɡ˵ʱɴ˸Ƿ
ҲԸؾƵӿڣҲ޳ɻȥ
ܰȻǶԣǶڻȥǵͷٳɡ
ҹڵˣǻȥʱƾʱѯ˵
ˣղźȵ̲軹ûء
ʱ˾ƵǲŻȥ
ֻί˯һ䷿ˡҵķӣûжķ䡣
ɶίҪϽϴ裬Ȼ󿴿ȫ⺭־Ӧûϣȫ⺭ҪʧҪ˯ǰ˻Ӧ˯õ¡
Ȼҵķӣ䣬ԵҲʱϴ衣
ԭƣ룬ϴ˸ˮڴϣʱȴͻȻû˯⣬ֻŷѾϢ
һһãĿȫ⺭֪гĵһӦ
һһ˻Ȱ侲˵ʲôǩۺͬޡ
һһȫ⺭뿪ˣ˻߰ȰȰȵģȫ⺭쪣ȥʰȥˡ
ʱˣȫ⺭ȥͬһ᣿
һһϲ///˵ô඼˵
ʱˣȻûУⲻշӦȥû
һһյϢһˣܰƤ̫ˡ
ʱˣúϢɣҲˡ
һһȵȣ˵Ķ𣬹/Ц/Ц/
ʱ:///أ
ʱû뵽ѵ٩Ȼ˵ˣⲻ˼Ϣɱ˹
˼ʱ㲻ʲôϣϽǳʳһš
ʱã̫ˣǣһ¼գѾˣûʲôҷ
˼˹ȻĺԱʱ˵ı֣־ȫ⺭ǰż죿
ʱͳû˿߰ɡ
˼ٺ٣ʵ˸㣬һˡ
ʱʲôʱ¡
˼죬Ҳǹˡ
ʱϲϲлǳԷ
ʱԭΪ˵Ϊμ۶Ÿ¼ƾͽˣҲͦãˣҲ±ڸ
΢ϴһڵŵ˵ĻӦ±ֵꡣ
ƬĲҲŵˣֱ΢ϧƬȫ
ʱţ컹Ҫǹֺ;㣬˯ͿʱԹСӡϢ
ԹһţҪ˯Ȼѣ
Թ϶ţ飬ڷż٣˯ζǡ
Թţͬ⡣
Թĺţͬ⡣
ҪͷͬʱֲǼ˭˭ȻҶȻҪǰ
ʱУǾ緹
ʱֻ˸ǷôۣҲºˣԷ˯ˡ

ͷغݺտԼΪѶȷֿ
ȻӰҵ֣ӹܣĿ֮ǰغݸģһоͶʵġ
ڽĿſʼ¼ƣͳ£ڴҶڳ۵˽ܶȼΪ㡣
ǱԸ¼ƣ˵ĿڱѾˣʱ򷴶ӰĿԽԼõİ취
ͣĿĻǰڵͶʾ͵ڴˮƯȥµԸ𣿡֣һˬؿغݡ
үվߣĿʱ˲ӣȻҲͣĿģȻغϲգȻҪȫˡ
غЦһɩΪӰҵľߣ¶ãûԸ룬Ϊò֮ǰ˵ģĿǰͶôʽȻֻͣҼα
˵ɣ벻ĿѾԤ㣬ڻ뻨Ǯļα֣˵꿴عʾС
Ǿ˵˵ʲô취ع뵽غ࣬ԽϴѹѹҲͦõġ
ҵ˼ǲҪӳɱȻݶμˣôȱҺͺԴϣҲҲ»飬ҲȳģӦòƽѾ¡֣
ĿĵȻϽĿͨϽĿغԱȣع֪˭Ǻϸļ̳ˡ
Ȼ֣ĻؼҸӶû뵽ׯѩ֪«ʲôҩ
һᣬغݲ֪뵽ʲô漴Цһǡ
ع뵽˾ĶԱȣ϶ͻ֪һŵԵǶôҪ£¾ôˡ

ߣ־ڿధȫ⺭ԭ£ִҪ֣ɴ۵ĺͬѾǩˣûǮΥԼġ
ȫ⺭û뵽ʱǵĶ棬⼸Ϲۣ
۱;˱ԼǩԼģ鷢չôܺϽĿΥԼ⸶Ҳֻ⸶Լġ
뵽Լػɳϵֻȫ⺭ٴţȥϴּȸԼһȻеĶ
̶һǾ磬ԭӣְ˽պȥԼ¡
սͨ绰ͷʹЩܻĿǱ˵ʲôҪԼ⺭˵㣬ô־ҪҲԣ˵ΥԼһ⣬һǰ׸ɣ
ȫ⺭Ǹ֣ڸֵĴȽΣԾһȰ˵գ͸ߣˢˢΪ֮Ӵ֮ĺкô
ȫ⺭Ѿ侲ҺͽĿûϵӦµʱַĿ飬ҪֹԼɡ
ǸǸΥԼ𣿡ʱ
磬־Υͬȣȥ̸̸ɣȹƽãߵ𸴡ȫ⺭侲
ȻѾôҪϢ󻯣
ϴҹĵĶֲ֣ԼɴΪԼ·Ե
ţȫ⺭ԭ˼ķСԲʣȻˣûҪɿҲǡ
պͬ˳ҺƽҲͨºķ
ȫ⺭΢Ǽ䣬ʶ˲壬ѷֿллҵĹġ
ĶģĿתȫ⺭΢˳۵⺭ڴһκ
ȫ⺭ҲԽĿʾлȻĴʽӭٺøС
ԶԶԣиˣֵĺá
ȫ⺭Ԯ᣺ⱦСжԶԶ
߰ߣһβҰٴβãȫ⺭ͣ
ѹͲҪۣҶȫ⺭ߵġ
һֱ϶ȫ⺭粻˿ããڼȻûˣǾͺúøҵ
ȫ⺭תͷЦЦؿֻҪ㲻ϹĽĿͺˡ
ģ´ҾԲˡҲ־ƭˡ
֤ҾͷˣʵųգǰȸҹĿȫ⺭Ҳͨˣվհɣô˶ȥֺαټأ
ģһϲ⡣
ţǿһ֡ȫ⺭ᶨԼûܿס
ʱΨһԵĹϣ̶̰ʱ䣬ȫ⺭Ƿ۶ʮ
Ǳ־΢罻ѾˣͨǸƾ˿ҵС΢
һʱ䣬λ΢һ֡
Ҳʱ򣬰Ŀ鹫ļα
غԴ֣޵ļ룬Ȼܴ顣
񲻳ǣԼȳˣ
Ҫˣýѽ:˵ؼλ̫
УӰҵؼҴ̸ԹԼϹһȳ˰ɡ
ÿǿԽ뿴ˣ
ɫܿ˵ܿ/ͷ/ͷ/
ƻֻһ˾ղѺ𣬵ʱиųɩԱȣ϶úܲҡ
ܿ죬۱յķ˿Χһš
ʱʱѾˣûһֹϵۣҲǳ䶨ˡ
ķչʱίʵû뵽ȽϺغԴôգѵպغݴ̨ɣ
ǵ£ʱǱȽϹȫ⺭ߣֽ֣кá
һˬˣҪɺͺõûĻyueһˬôҲʵеȫ⺭־󣬻ˣȻֻزף
Ϊȫ⺭֣ŮƺȽǿǶʮָˡ
֯ķ֣ʱǴΧȽľ㡣
ΪԪֵϵ˺ͮͮĴҪ·ݲŹ꣬ĳȻ˼ֹա

غԴ֣ۣǿĿ鷢Ϣ֪£֮ǰغݲûк͸¶ʲô
ڲǸշųϢϾкܶ˿ʼ֣ʼȽϡ
ӳѧڵƽĴЩƺûһʤ֣ĸоˡ
֪϶ˮ³˭ڱָһоͲԶˡ
һܲüûУҲͲż޽ؼˡ
ܹպܿԼ磬ˡ
ѾˣʵҲһ¡ܾڰ֣Խߣ˵һ¡
Ͼʱжߣʧͻж󣬷ߣ˵Ҵͬľϲ
շԴغһ󣬺ܶ鲢ʼ˼ԼʱľԲԡ
뵽׾ٵԴԼھƻܵ裬һжڸץס飬û·ߡ

ʱżڵһ죬һ˼ңʱԶʱѵûмӰࡣ
ʱʱȤӴǵĴæڻˣ
ģôͬ¹һԸĵ
Ǿò˼ȻǾҪľܶ˯һˡ
Ҳãһȥ̫ˣڼ԰ɡ
Ȼһǵġʱһɵġ
ʱԶǹ⻰ãϵıࡣ
ʱʱԼһȥ鷿
֮ǰ˽չʱ²
ţеѾʼ½ǸˣԹע¡
ãҵȻȥͺúÿЩǸǸԭģһúÿġ
һЩ״Ȩģ⳥Ҳõˡʱ
磬㶼Ҿ˰ɣɽŮʱ֪ԭӴѧʼɽСŮЩǮҲģôͼݰĴȥɡ
ʱ⣬ʵʱҪĿĻغݵ¡
Ȼ϶ǵصڿĳ֮ԺCP֪ʱ֮ǰغݵĹϵ϶һ㡣
ԭҪʳĻڶʱ峺ʱͷȻԸἰǾͲҪʣֻҪڿľͺá
ãЩ½ңʱ˰Ѿƾ֤㣬߰ɣóԷˡ˵һ뿪鷿

һ·Ǵڣһ칫ңʱͷִŶӵ˱˶࣬˴籣ص£ʱ͹ԹԸŽԱѧϰ
ȥ嵥λүߵʱΪǻҪ˲ѯ߽籣
ȴû뵽ү£ʱʵСһȥӣ˵ЩǮʲôʻ⣬ʲô֮ģЩҲûŰ㿴԰𣿡
룬֪СȥˣʱҡҡͷүҴء
Ǿ˲ˣү˵ʱŰ
ʱ룬ڻ̲סʵӶˣ
ʮһˡүϵЦҲû֮ǰĶࡣ
úӸĸϵƽ̨ܲ˿ɡʱֻܰﵽѯ⣬æ꣬λүҲѾ뿪ˡ
Էʱʱ̲סС˵£Щ꣺ǴүֶѿˣһСһ飬Сȴͳȥһǧ࣬ǿһϽء
иϷöСôֵֻڱǰöˣͿͶߵƽ̨ƽ̨ǱôˡҲ
ƽ̨һ棬ؼǼĺӣˣһأǸԴľߺܶضͯˣڵĺӣ˸͹ܲס
ݵʱ򣬸պ˼Ϣʱ˼ߵ״
һһҾҼװͷô֪ҽյƬˣ
ʱˣ
һһҾһɣҲ֪Ƭ겻ߡ
ֵʱЦˣû˼
һһ֪ûǸ˼ҵ˼ǻ֯һ֮ģЩ˺ͺӣ
ʱˣ˭֯ҿ϶ǲʵġ
ʱ룬֯ɹҲԾʮϴغݸı꣬ټЩǮﻹһٶ
һһ⵹ǣҲ֮ܲ
ʱ˵еɴԼͳ˼СȺ˳ѯǵ
иѧ棬Ұ
棺ʱ÷ύ룬˸ˣ֤ǵĻɡϾҲǮҲû/Ц/
˼˵Ҳܸӣҵóɡ
˵ɣ˵Ҳһ¡
ʱãҵǵĺϢ
ʱҲ֪²뵽Ǹү뿪ıӰĵϣǵܹҸЩ
ѾŬˣڽͲܿƵˣţʱ̹Щ
磬ʱ˰칫ңǿԼĿЩһûɵرý
֪¾ʮĳƵƽ̨ײʱüһֳ
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ǣʮΪҪϼӣͲʮ㣬Ŭд£´ҲŶ´θ˾µĺ
ƼѵģܷŶȥ
˼ֱbyī
İʱҵش壬̳һۡ
۹£ȴοȣһǮҲûС
˵ֱ׬ǮҲʼֱ
ֱǳ裬ֱ

ֱƽ̨һֱ䣬Ѳмһˡ
2022ˣȻ˸⽨š
Ҳƭӡ
һᣬȫˡ
ʦ˵ͷе̣ʮ곤ܵˣ
ʦ˵Ѫ֣֮лʦСء
ֱһҹ֮󣬰ظ񣬳˵ظˡ
ֱҹֱꡣ
үүҶյֽǮǮظȻĴڣ
̣С͵ֱеģ֮󣬿ŰǮң˵Ժµ


19 
¾ʮܹô첥, ˶û뵽£뵽ľԼҲ̶õݼ, ʱ, ȥǻü
ܿûʱ⻹δ£Ϊæ
һǴڣľ˲, ٿĶˣԼڼҲ걨, ÿζŽǸ걨
ŽǱʾҲΣÿȶǸѧǶʾѧ¼˲Ƶÿʱֶ
˵һȲһ, ̫òŪȫˣ, ÿζ, ÿζҪ롣
걨, ѯ籣Ҳв, ˷ѵġ
еϰ, ˾һȴûмʱжϲαϢʹЭ飬Ծͷ۷ѡ
ֱһɷ, ʱæǰıһ, ˮĴҲԱ֮ǰ
Щ˵Ļû˵ö࣬ҲΪʲôŽһͿʼִ, , Ҳ׼һĲС
Сʱ, оôһתͷŽһЦؿ
ʱ˼ҲЦŵͦõġ
ֱȺڣͻиָرľĵطʱʱѾ׼
ţɱСʱҲæòɿڹˣҽֹɷڵˣͻһˡƽԶһº͵ؿʱ
ַģŲҵġܱԭǰϷĵҹĺãοʲôæµʱ
ǾͺãȥʳûܸϳԷȥԷɡƽԶʱȥˣʳǱûˡ
СʱǸϷ㿪ʼţŽͻȻʵ
ʱĽŲöסתͷһŽ㣬ΪصŽ㣬ҪۻǱ˰ɡ
ʲôҿ˵ͦҪġŽһ档
ҲûôҪġʱŬһĨЦǱˣҲŽǣǱҲϲģûҪǿԼ
ʲôŽʱ䲻ˣϽȥʳóԷɡŽЦһͰ
ʱлŽĺ⣬һʱ䣬ʳǱ߹ҲԵòˣǽиɡ
صңóֻŷԭûȥʳõĲֹСҲһ
ҶæùǺҲְĵһΣԶûĵ˼Ϣ
Ϊ¾ʮײȺܿһŵĺⷢ˺ף
ʱɨһۣ룬̫ˣϢ
ʱ˼Ϣ˹ڣ˵üĿˡ
ʱҵʵˣ
˼ѧ˵ѧʾҪǺӱҪʶԼΪǲȡģٶǮҲܴӸϽ⡣
ʱǲֻ֪쿴ү뿪ʱıӰ̲סҪʲô
ʱǱʲôð취
˼ѧ˼ǵʱȺ־Ը߹ȥֳȻʵĻǿɽСѵԼЩߵƵףɽСѣѾҸˣԼĸ׬ĶǮ
ʱⷽӦñȽ϶Ͱ˵ɡ
˼ʵѧԭǣȺӱ˳ĵԽԽ̫ˣЩɽĺһ·ûУѾˡ
ʱȷʵô˵أž˺Ͷͯı
˼İɣѧ˺ü깫ˣⷽо飬ʱ϶ܱ˵Ļ
ʱУʱҪʲô͸ҡ
˼ղŵĻʱһ£֮ǰʱ˵ЩӪѾǸˣûȥء
Ȼ֪ѹŻǸҲ㻹ԭףʱЩǸ˺ü顣
ԭĻһοɣ߬ĻԭӴѧʼɽСŮ
ʹǸȦҲûԼȶȣԽʱ䣬£ŮԭԸ
ǰ̫ˣʱһ˯ú㣬ΣǰиŮض˵лл
ʱͼҪȴʮģԽ뿴壬Խģֱʱ
ûʵĴй͸ʱùͷֻƽ𴲵ʱ仹ʮӡ
뵽ղŵξʱǳǳЦ
ʱɺæڽβʱ˿ҲʱʱŷϴκѩĵĳƵѾ˳
һ죬Ѿ֪ʱ״ƵȶȻܺϴαȣż򿨹۹ģĶǹעƵݱʱһ
۵Ҳ˲⣬ٷҲн
֮ǰƵҲɹˣҶʼÿֱӰǮһ棬ſۿ
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˼ԼƵСƷԼƾ漰˰⣬Ҫʵȥȷϡ
ʱҪһ硣
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ĻҲԶ⡣
ʱɸŽһŽСҪҪȷϵ£˰ֱմʹӼ۲ͬ˰ա
ԵҪȷϵľǸ־Ƶĵۺÿµ˳˰ռ˰ա
ʱ棬СŽ̬Ⱥ⣬ǲסҲûϵǻҪȥѧϰѵء
ȥ𣿡ʱЩ档
ǣʡ˰У֪ͨɡڷܺѧĺ󱲣ŽҲԸ㼸䡣
ãǲ֪ǰˡȥѧϰѵ£ʱЩġ
пܣˣݵǸʲôʮ꣬˵ͦÿģҼŮÿ춼һء֮ǰ̫æµŽһֱûպʱ⣬̲סʱ֮ľ顣
ʱԭѵ£û뵽ŽĻôԾľͽ֣Ժ͸ý˰ɡ
Ȼ֪ķչͽֺ󣬽ʱ䣬Žڲἰˡ
ʱ˵ǸҲû취ʵڲÿÿȥƽֻ򿪣ݲ
ȥĵһϾ֣ʮӾ߳ͷȥϵĵһҡ
ֻһ䣬û߽ԶԶŵζſڻһľƸףƷڳＸѾˡ
ΪкС궼иƷľƣʳİ׾ƣܻӭ
һ͵ķޣǹͨһʼûô˳˰һ֪Ҫ˰ĻһʣСӪýɶ˰
ǱҲǴӵʱ˳С⣬Ҳܰϱһ㸺
»û׬ǮͿʼ˵˰£Щż
ʱԭ˵˰ÿӦ񣬲ڣŽѾתһҳӣСʱλæͷʾԼʱ׼ʱȥ걨ġ
ãǼǵһ£ºʮĸÿµʮ֮ǰ걨ǰŽ㲻ǵ
ߵʱ˻ͼŽһƿƣʾŽ㳢ǵգֱŽʾȾƣҲû˺Ⱦƣǲա
ղŽƴǵĻʱСʱĳҲһҪһʹơ
ʱһ˼ŽЦŵôˣ
ŽʱСﳤ󣬿϶ûʽöġ
ǵûУֻСʱŸĸϼңҪҺҸҲղʱ˵̲סﴽ
Ž㱻ĻЦô¡
˵ʱֿʼϵڶҵĵַ׼ǰڶҡ
ȣ԰ϵĶꡣ
ڶҵϰǸˣ˻ؼ紴ҵ֮ǶףԵǲǶ˵ʲô
뿪ʱŽֻҪÿȴµʮ֮ǰ걨
˳ңȻŽ㣬ʱɾúгɾ͸С
ڵʱԹÿˣһСľˣһҲ͹ݽ͡
緹ͼһңȡܹջؾ
ͻȻЩ˲٣ʱóֻһԤСѩ
һ·ݾҪѩˣϷѩȻֻѩ䵽Ͼͻˮһ㶼ǹǰУʵе硣
ʱܿ뵽һ£磬ŮڽѩΪĳ¶ⳡѩžΪŮֵġ
ҲʱʱͻȻʶЩ»û߼ԣϾԭ绹вġ
Ҫѩǽȷʵµе硣ŽͷһգȷʵһҪӡ
Ϊ˱ѩ˲ɼӿٶȣȥ
Ȼ˹ͨʱ䣬ΪڲͬϣҲ޷٣ԵȫŪѾĵˡ
ʱѾܰˣŽ˴Լ֣תͷʱСʱǸϽȥɣһ˲١
ʱ˵ͷ¶ȷʵ罵ЩǵøϽȥǡ
ǳľĳЩͷˣȻûгصʱ·óֻʼ
ڷ㰡ҼǵҸղμӹǻᣬгȥ˰ֶɺܲˡŽ㲻ɸп
ʱڷչԽԽˡʱЦ
ǰڷչԽԽˣܶ˰ˣǰǰ˰ʱҪȥ˰ЩŽЦ⡣
ʱСʱ˵ЩǲǾúģҼǵҸղμӹʱϲ˵ǰ£Щ̫ԶˣûȤ
ĵģҾͦȤģʱ򻹷ֹ˰֣Ӧúкܶ಻ͬɡʱʵ
ǰǹ˰ģǵ˰ģŽ˵ŲŷʱѾõ˻ͷ
ȿԺʱǡŽ˵ʾȻȥлٺྡ
ãŽáȷŽϵðȫʱſʼӡ
ȥľԶϣȥֻҪСʱ
Ȼ·̲Զһ·ȥ·ϳӶ٣ʱʮңͻȻǰվ·ϻ֡
ʱԥ£ջͣ
ͣ־˿æյ˳ǰȵʱҡ³æڵͬ־ǳӳ˵⣬ǼŻҽԺܴ˳糵𣿡
־ţֻҪȥ˳ǻȥͻ᷽ܶࡣ
ʱĳƺЦ˿Ҳ˼꣬Ȼͬ־̫еĳƺ˾ЩЦ
ʱŽͬԹ־˵ͷУɡ
ʱԵЦ⣬־ҲЩ˼Ҫ֪˰ֵģͬ־ſھð˳
ʱͬ󣬹־æǱ߽е죬Ͻʱˡ
ʱֻǱһߴͦεӰ漴ʵǵĳأ
ϳ˾ǼŻȥϻȥ˵ɣ־ε
ȵеġ족߹˲Ŵ򿪺˽ȥ
⳵Щͷˣ˵үΪԺռСλԡ
˳ʱǲ֪˶ҽҽԺ֯ӣҽԺ£ûʹ󲿶һȥʱҲߵû뵽ӳ⡣
ֵ࣬ҺˣȻҪб˻ˡ־ҡ
Ա߱족˺ǰϳʱ˵˾鷳˾ûٿڣţʱһ̧ͷɶϺӾ˵ĺ
Ȼֻһ˲Ĺ⾰ʱﲻһͷ˵۾ͦÿġ
ʱܿôҲȦһӵˣʲô˧û˴ſ֣۾¶棬඼ڵסˡ
뵽ʱЦһʲôʱҲʼòȡˡ
ôĹ򣬳ڽ˳ŵĹ־ڵҸطǷС
˳ͷܶ࣬־Ҳ˼鷳̫ࡣ
ȥվ𣿡Žʵ
ԣǴȥͺˡ־ɲ˼ȥվ
û£Ҳ·̡ŽҲҽģȻҽְҵкøС
˳ʱͲҪˣֱӳվķȥ
վȥʮӵӣ˸վ棬̧ͷǰˣ֣ص鷳ˡ
鷳ˡ
־룬ó˵ллûģ˵ǳǮҲе㲻ףߵȻȥԺķʽ
ȵ˵Ӱ˸վŽŵ߰ɣСʱҲϽؾպøȥʳó
áʱͷӦԵߺȵȵġ
ȵʳã곯ʱ֣ʾ
ôôǺæ𣿡ܰȻЩȣڶˣӦúЩ˰ɡ
ǣҽŽˣջʱ˵ŸϽ˿
˶Щ棬æڶʲô
ʱ򵥺ǽ˽춼ЩʲôԲɵͷ
ӦöڣǱ߹ƲڡܰȻ
ǱϰʱǲһϰһСʱͬҲ°һСʱƹҲѾˡ
ӦðɡʱҲ̫ȷ
컹ȥ𣿡Խʵ
ʱҡͷˣ첻ȥˡ
ͺ󣬺ǻְݰݣʱֱӻ˼ңһ죬ƽƣ벻٣˸裬ʱ˯ˡ
ǴϢʱſ淢Ϣ
һһܰƤķˣϢһˣϴǸ˵ôˣôûˡ
ʱˣȳѧǱߴ־Ը߹ȥ˵
һỹûлظ滹˯ʱֻ˹ȥ
˰칫ңϰʱ仹ʮӣʱûԼİ칫
ϰʱ֪ͨҪȥ˰Уѧϰѵһ𣬵ʱһȥŴ󲿶һ͹ȥȻҲԼȥ
ҪľȷԼĳзʽ棬÷氲š
ѧϰʱҪŴڼǰһ죬ʱŸɴ࿪ȥʱҲ㡣
˳ǣԸԼһֱȥѧУǱߣȥ󲿶һ
⣬ѡʱһȥѾȺͷѺ͹·ѵƽ̯⣬ʱģЩ϶ͲҪƽ̯ˡ
󲿶һϳʱҲһϳʱĩϹľһֱӳǰ׼
Ҳʱ򣬴ҷֳòƷŲôϾѧϰһʱ䣬ҲȥͲõ⡣
ȥѧϰ£͵ˡ
ʱʱͰʰõϣ°ֱӳ
صʱͼ˵Ҫȥѧϰ£˵˵ͷʾ֪ˣѾʼʰ¡
裬ЩģԼʱ
ҲãԼ֪ҪʲôԼޣʱѧϰҲպùꡣʱҲŵͦá
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ʱѧҲûá
ʱǺðɣҽҪȥѧϰһ£ʱֻܰˡ
˼ãʱǻԸһȥմ˽첥һڣ⼸Ͻȡ
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˼ԣΪ£Ҫ˵ʮĺŲҲһǰɫ˽ڣΪʲôҪʮġ
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ԭԲôϣΪ֣غԴļ룬ﲻ⣬ﲻá
ʱĻ״㣬ȻȽ
˼ˣ˭˼ϰ壬ֻǱ΢شأèèjpg
ʱǮǲǾжˣ
˼û㣬ļǮܵ
Ͼ֪ȶޣԸı겢ߡ
ʱǮòͦõģ
ǺѼ䣬ʱ˳ҪȥǱߴһ£ǰʰС
Ŷˣ׼ʼǱǣţʱɴֱӰҪ׼Ķд¼
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û뵽ȥ̳Ŷԣ˵ˣ˼ǲμǸ㣬ֱӱˡ
ǰ֪Ϣῴ̳ſڶΧ˲ˣʱȥĵطɡ
ţȥǱҲСʱһν
ĸŮ뿪ûӰ̳ߵ֣̳αһ
Եİѡͬϴ·һСϷϸ֣ĶԱȣ̲סӮ˼
֣Ȼ˵ĿĿľΪôҿյĲ࣬ԼŵԵҪԡ
һΣҪʲôֱӮա
ΪģƾÿڸƷƵѣֻҪ˵Ȼ˭VIPء
СϷҲ֣ģһʼվ֪϶ûģһֱżвУһΣ֣ѹͲԼĻᡣ
ʱŮαǷֿģλмαһ䣬￴һеغݲüԭ֣Ϸ
֮ǰ֣ңؼҲĴƾʲôǰڳһԽС
غ粻ĳƢغԴ˵ĸоһֱ崺磬һ΢Цغ˵̫̫Ψһóˡ
ЦŸ˼䣬һغݺԵø롣
˼Ƭ겻࣬ͳߵУ԰µ·ӣѡƷơ
˵ԼĴ㣬Цűʾ⣬͸뿪
֪Ϊ̳Լôʱˣֻŵ¼ƽǷϡ
ʱ͹ൽߣֱѡһɫ޷ͺɫĴ£ʱѧϰʱ򴩱Ƚࡣ
ѡǳɫϵܾɴظǮŹһؼҡ
ʱʰõȥľͣʱ򣬱һصظиϲ
ʱЩ棬ʲôϲֱŽʱǺʺ˭죿
л˵
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20 
ʱûͨôµʱ, ѾһֺǵŽˡ
ʱûгһԼȻյ죬ұ忴ƺˡ
ֳʽ, дΪ, ƣĹ־ͣʱ, ҽԺɫͽ
Сʱ, ϽţǺö 廹Ц˵ǰ˰Ҳյٽ죬ʱԽԽѾˣԱ忴˼ֻ
ʱ̲ס, Һã컹ĩ, Ҫÿ͵칫Ǹ
ӹĽ, ׼ֱӻȥѹ, ſԴ³, 岻ѵõ칫ҹžͲ, ˣŽҲأʱһ𡣡
üһ, ʱԼѾ˵, δ̫ˣһ˳糵, Ȼ
, һҪȥѵ, ԼţȥҰ迴һʱ
ҲԣҼҺҪôܸɿ϶ġ;ÿġ
죽ܸɣֵ߼ʱֻ㱧ⶫȥ
²Ӧǹȡʱ͹ģȻһˣδҲ̫ʦڡ
ʱԭŻȥѽУ̲סѷŹԼ䣬ô˵ҲǱ˵⡣
ţŹң־ҴǲǸװƷ
ʰЩȺСѾڲϰˣѾˣûһȥ͡
ֵϳȥ߻ʵġ
Ⱥһ̸ۣҾԻԧ
ȥѧϰѵ£ҶЩڴģҲ֪ʱϲϸÿѧϰ껹ʱȥ䲻
ѵȥ˰УѧĳУʾʱҵ򵼣ǱߺóԵĺĵط١
֮ǰͬѧƻȥǱ棬ûȥȥ˸պù䡣ܰȻһڴ
ľ߲ԳȥԷֱӲоͺá
һ˵Ķ鿴ΪƺƵ
ļҰܰȻʵ
ļ˶ȥļҰɡԽ˵ָһĵط
˵꣬зԱкǣ˵ȥλȴʱͻȻ˹ͬ־㣬ҲԻ𣿡
Աߵ˿涺겻ԻѵԸɹɣ
ʱû뵽Ҳ־Ľ죬Щͷ󣬵Цŵɡ
ˣȥĽյû־ֵҹ࣬˯˴죬ʱѳȥѽ͵Ǳߣ˳ȥݼңȻŸɴ߳ٿȥ
죬˶ʱȥʣ죬ʲô죿
ʱϵЦݲɶסϹ־ЦݣֻӲͷƤͷյˣʵǲôġ
ӦõģҺʵ벻ôлǣŹȡʱ˳ͽ
־ͽٺʲϾҲʡ
ллˡʱһЦݵĹ־룬ľͽһܳǰɡ
ǸŵλҪһ԰ɣŷԱæǰæ󣬹־ɴ
ʱܾĻû˵ڣзԱһǸعʾҪһλǰµģ֮ǰ֪
ʱԱߵˣѯǵ˶ʾ⣬ԼԼϲԵģԼԼ룬ȫǨͱ˵Ŀζ
ҵȵĻ֪ҪȶãԸƴ
Ǿ鷳ˡʱŹ־˵ͷ
Եˣ֪ͬ־ôƺأϴֻ֪ʻĽŽ㡣
ʱͺáʱͬ־ƺϲС
Խ͹װҲӣܿͺ͹־̸ˡ
־һߴǵİһ߽͵³һֱڵȰ䣬ҲԵ֣ҪǵȰ䣬ͳˣҲͲܺƴˡ
־Ļʱ˫ΪӣҲ֪ͬ´һȺ˻ȥǾϲˡ
ͶԻ޸У־Сʱ߳󣬷ǵʱζ
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㲻ǿĳ֮Ժôǽˣ겻ɺ
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ΪǰԤλãǲõȴ˵ֱһȺ곤ģÿζչǡ
Ͷ˲Ǯ۵ϣʱڿײ¡
˿ĳ֮Ժ⣬в˶غԴͦȤǵĻ˵Ҷ뿴ŵԵǮô̸ġ
ֵܵҲʲôܣҸϣ￴档
һ۵Ĵ󲿷ȶȶؼֵܰˣʣԼαȶȶ̫ߡ
ʱǲ˼ǲܽܣϾμӵʱ򣬾Ѿ֪ȥĵģѾˣҲǹˡ
ȶȻͦߵġܰȻҲЩ
ȻȥϷ𣿡Խ巢Ϸ롣
ԼɣһȥҪ׷硣׷硣
ʱһ򲻴ϷԽϷֻֿˡ
ӿ澹ȻСѩ

ײ֣ڵӻǰغԴ鷿æµǵӣȿʱȥ֣һ𿴡
֣ǵ͵ĺȻ̸ϰ飬øԷȻˣҲģޡ
غԴĿҲԣĹģҲعĸǿǿϡ
Ϊæҵһֱǿȹж⣬غԴʱѲյغԴһʱȥ
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عҲѸȢһΣûѡʵңССׯѩ
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֪ЩˣȴıʲôȵۿȻڲոǰעƽϣһֱϵۡ
Ϊ˻⣬׾ٵҵػ⣬½ָ֣裬תԽԽ࣬շƽ壬ʼȥϴ

ʱȥԭҲ뿴˼ı֣ʼܵĵֵԼα
ʱ֮ǰĻⶼֱӻߣ⻹ǵһοغԴĳ֣࣬绰ٿˣʱȻĪΥ͸С
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21 
Ǵڼǰһ칤, ԭǰ׼ؼҹ꣬ձʱȶȻǺܸ, ֱ, ܿͱѡ
˵εȽߺʱ̣ܶȥǲѸߺ죬Ǿ̫, Ժ󣬸ִͨӲͣ, ıְϷ˵ǰܺøУȻȻŮⲿϷһˮûС
ⲿϷ, ھ粥˴󲿷֣һ۵ˮûС
֮ǰΪ˲ȶ, ϧʱ, û뵽ûκλӦ, ֱȡ, εȽ޵
Ϧǰҹ, ҲСʽʼʱ˵˸ࡣ
䣺ΪʲôЩ׬ô࣬ʵʵĽS
컨Ὺ⻹, ˭ԼǮࡣ
ٸϲҵٶȣεȽô, ȥһ磬ͿʼƮˣ
ʮ䣺һ, , ڸԻǰ, ҲԼá
ģҵʱϲݵɣǰ컹ںѸ̾ʱ˲ãû뵽ͿϢ
ҶˣȻѾ׷ǣϲ˳£ǾЩܡ
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Ҫѧˣһ˵һԺûεȽˣ֮ǰ׬ǮҲ㹻뱲˰ɡ
ǰ׳˹ǵȻˣֲͨˡ
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Ҳװģһֱ/ɱ
һʼ۵Ķµı֪λȥεȽ΢ǰʱ䰬ʱĸݡ
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ߣʱ㲻һˣǰ͸¶һ/ͷ/ͷ/
ȳ֭ȥʱĹעбü/ͷ/ͷ/
ĩϢԹһ飬ۻøʱ߲ǡ
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ϹεȽ»ۣ˵ʵҲͦæģϵصԼǽͷȥԣϣǺúýSҪĴ
ʱ˳΢˵ȴûӦЩòǻںͼɡ
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Ůѷ۵սǺǿģڣԵøСĲǡ
һһİɣҲǳصġ
ܵľģʱֻע⣬Ҳãиܺߡ
컹ûµϢ
˼ѧȷ˳־ԸȥǱߣ㿴ҪǱ
ʱҳ߾ϰˣʱǱߵĴɲɣ˵ǸĸڣЧá
˼ţʱҺͳҲһȥ
ʱҹֻ˰ϾסҪ
˼УôǱӦûʲôʶǲǡ
ʱǿɲһ
¾ʮǸԭûʲôˮΪ˼ͳμۣЩȶȣУ԰µ軹ͦ˳Եġ
˼˵Ҳû뵽һڲЧôá
֮ǰѾʽĴ㣬ϾαǿλС
û뵽һڲͳջһCPۣ˸Զ˲ٷ˿
ʱ㲻֮ϲ
˼Ȼ㣬֮ϲӦغԴǰɡ
ǵģ˭û뵽һڽߵľȻغԴ֣
պغݵĳ֮ԺCPΪ֮ǰ̫ߣߴҵڴֵɽĿ˵ıַôЩʧ
غݺհԵܲúŮǵCPҾŹӺͽС޸ӺྣԻޡ
ŵԣʲôΥͣغߣʲô֮ǰÿյĸܣΪҪ˼յ
ŵһڣЩⶼͨһһ
֮ǰӾ͸·ӽҶó֮Ժ𣬵ȵ˽ĿȻʲôǰΪԷǣ˵Ǿ籾̫⡣
ܿҲ˸ŸͣʾǲǾ籾һֱôദδҲ̫ˡ
غԴ֣һƽദģʽȻǺҵУȴһ¾õĸо
ȻϲҲ磬Ͼ֣յʱȷʵֵͦϲ
Ĵ඼յķ˿Ҳи⣬׳֣顣
ĽʱҲܾȣ뵽Լ쿴һ۵Ļ棬룬ŻտռݱȽϴ󣬱ϾغԴ֣վһͦ۵ġ
˼ڶѾĺˣϵķ֮ǰԤĲһ֪ڶڻ᲻ģɪɪjpg
ʱӦò˰ɣۿܾҪˣҲûʱ¼ưɡ
˼Ըɣغݺղ򣬶ҵڶڲȫ⺭֪ʱ᲻ᱻ
ʱģֻҪǵľͷͺãʱǳʱһ
˼ţʱ
ʱûֻʮﰢ̷ż٣³˵ء
һһ۹£һʱ䣬ҵܰ
ԶͷĹ־ڼҸŸնѧСóԹϣҲʱ֪ʱǰȻԱ
Сÿһľȣü磬ƽʱԹϵ𣿡
־Դƽæ˯ʱ䶼ʱȥעЩ£
СãٸҽԺֵͷȥϢľǸʱ֮ǰȻǸԱ
͸ղ귿ص칫ңͿ־ϢЩĪԭᣬҲ˽־ҪǲӦֻȡϢը
ͣ
־ⷴӦҲ̫ƽ˰ɣ
ͣȻأ±ͺǹϵ
Ȼô˵ʱЦһԭԱôڵĹǰȫ磬һʱ䣬͵еˡ
־ҲǣֻйҪģҪҸҹ/бЦ/
ͣãϲҹ
־˵ϴѵʱǼΣϧǶûʱ䡣
ͣ˼Ҳ̫ࡣ
;һȺ˻η룬뻹ϴǶٻ顣
־ҲɣԺžͨѶ¼аɡ
ͣȻأ㻹ʲô뷨ɣ
־⻰һ˵ôоұͼƵģ
뵽־ܻģͲɹ˹ǡ

ʮʱ𴲾ͷֹڳæȻڹԽûǰ֣Щϰ׻ǵصģࡣ
ʱæŷʱԶѾڳ֣ĬĬջԼĽŲȥݡ
ʱǸæˣʮӶڳϦæµʱһڿЩģùһԵֻŷָȺﶼ֣ȫ
ܰȻȻûѹǮãԸоҵλֱ/͵Ц/
꣺飬边Ȼûֹ˯׼ңǹĺô
Խ壺ҺҲܵˡ
װ1˵ϸˡ
ʱûһֿܣջؼҵһ춼
һ츸Тڶͼɹ
ܰȻǰżٻһҲûá
꣺Ƕȥľ
Խ壺϶߸ϲϡ
װԭΪͲѧϰˣڿ̫ᡣ
ƣģ
ƣ֣
ܿ챻һգҸƵļʱȥȺ
£ڽĴСա
ԭǰЩȺʱ˸ɾΨһľ¾ʮȺҲڷһһķºƵġ
ʱ꣬ԼٷһּȥɨȺ
ʱ鷿ͿʱֻɵЦü˹ȥɫʵЦʲôأ
ȺÿζһǮʱ˵̲סЦ˳ôôء
ʱüͷչΪμӹµλء
Ȼʱ̸ڻСٵȵȿ¡
ʱǲ֪ʱ˼άѾɢҶ£뵽ղԼڳ͵ĻɴյʱǰЦһأ磬һܡ
ʱһأЦﻹʲôҲ֪£
ʱ϶ǵȻˡȻҲڳˡ
ʱǵЦݣʱܿ³ܣ׵£
ʱΣ֪ôͶô֮ǰ˵żĹ滮
ðɣ֪ȻͲܣʱ̯֣ϲˡ
ˣϹ;ͶˣǱȻа취
ʱֱȥ˳
ʱ룬Ҳãʱ涥ţʱӦòǡ

ʮؼԲӣ죬ؼҵղ̫ãΪعغݷִ
Աߵׯѩһʱ䲻Щż˶ţƢһʱ䣬Ȼ֪Ȱ˭
ԱߵغԴ֣Ӱ죬֣ȷʵܸˣղѾ˰׼û뵽˱ٺܶ࣬Һܶ໹յķ˿
ϲ£в˿غԴû֪Сŵпǰۡ
ʱغԴ͸ֻһϸɷ򣬶ǰˣܽǾͽ顣
֣˵עɣû뵽˵ģȻܹ޸ԼϲˣʹԼ˵Ҳˡ
뵽ǰ˵̸֣Լһʱ䣬ȥʱǸϣΪԼܣ밢Դ֪Ķ񶾵˼
ͷִڼԼԴǸŮһ󣬹˾»˵㲻Ҫȹҵ
˾»ԭҶԭⷢӣҪϴڱ󳶺ȣô¡
ݣСȷʵӰ쵽˾ɼˣԼǵ֣ۡذƽعǡ
꽫ȻҶڿĳ֮Ժ⣬һʣغݲϸôе
ܹػ𣺶԰˼غԴŹֵʱ򶼴űʼǱء
û磺غݺͷѣһΪϿ쵹ˡ
عϵɫԽѿǸʲôۣϽͣˣö˶˵ĸȥĿ̸˿ʲô
ع˵תͷϴӣǣҲȥˣ𣿡
ļʼնȦǿϵġ
֣Щعƫĵδ̫֣غݷ˴ǵôϰԴһƾʲôҪ
֣ҺͰԴȥȳӵģͣ˾ͣ˰ɣǶġ֣ӦһɣΪ֪غݾԲĿ
λεظˣؼҲա
Ȼܿʹغݵ֣ĿӰҵͶʽͣˣʧֻԼ
ٸҳЩɣ󣬾׵£ؼҵĶϱŵԣҪǲб¾Żȥعһŭ⡣
궼ܻɣοռȷʵõʵʵĺôغݵӱŵԵǧ¡
غԲһУ˵ġ
˵˦Ĳ;ֱ뿪ׯѩ״æ׷˳ȥ
֣û뵽ȻչһغĳȥŻ˵һϢ
ԴˣźҺܷġعһο
غԴɫ䣬ƽˣⱾǸġ
ͷͬϵʱغԴˣԼغݵĥʯ
ȵع뿪֣һĲղǾ仰ʲô˼ôô
غԴᰲЩ²֮ܲ߰ɣҲûȥˡ
غԴϲؼҹҹÿһϸڶԼһˡ
֣غԴȫʧ˶߲ѣܰɣ̧ͷغԴǻؼҡ

ʮֹ̻ʱʱҪҪȥ̻
ʱæҡҡͷȥô죬ڼҿɡ
ȻҲԽԽģܺùȥ洵ĺá
ڲûĹأʱʮͻ˷û취ʱѵȫϢʱˡ
ŶԣǱȸкһ㣬ô硣
˯ǰ΢ţȻյܶףлй־ȻȺҲûظ£ȻԵòò
ʱֽŸףϢһһظȥ
ʱ˯磬ʮֱģ̻ѣ˺ܾò˯˹ȥ
һһ磬ŹȥͻǿʼΪ׼
ʱʱڿɳϿز
ݻʱ˯ǰţ̽ķ䡣
ʱͻȻõͷȻ˵ҵĺӸմӹѧҪҪʱ棿
裬ڻ뿼Щ£Ρʱܵ
ãҸ̴ػ
ڹಢǿ˿
˳ڼͿʼʱˣʱݵѾ˿ܣϾ˭ϲ߻飬һԲݡ
ڽ첻ݣΪҪдˣ˵ͬѧߣ˳һ档
ԭΪǸĸ罻û뵽ʱòμӣ˵ǶԷҲ˺ӣΪȻȥ˼ҡ
ʱɣΪ飬оôʱʱںţȤ
ʱƳһۣ˵ȥƵģҲһȥ˵ġ
ʱ˵һ仰
˵˼ҲһأǸĸ罻ǵôǵƿʱ˵겻ĳܣæתͷȻʱҲ뵽ˡ
ʱչȥСʵò׼ɣ
ʱƳһۣ˵أ
ɥĲһĲ룬˵ء
ˣֹˣҶˣҲ£˼ҿûǸ˼λϼҰ£˳ͬѧѡ͵
ǣҺʲôʱôˣʱԶһҪ氲磬ǻ͵͵
ٺ٣ⲻǻԾʱæЦŵȷʵ֮ǰԼ˵ûǸԸ󣬹ûǿԼ
Ƕѣҽö궼ûء˵ˣ໹Щ˿ǵУ԰¡
Ӹ߿ȷϹϵһ·ѧô꣬һֱܺá
ղһ˫ŮĲ²⣬ЦŵȻҽֵôأ˶˽ģҿɲϣһҽ̫æˣûʱ˼ҡ
Ӹ϶ž⣬ѹͲǽҽ
ʱԲ䴽ǣľǱĽ죬ʱ䣬ҽͦԵġ
Ļ⣬ںװȣֱĿĵأ˲Ÿ³
ǰõģǰĽŲǻ죬óĸˣλѶҪ
˰ᣬʱʱСѧƵλǹ˷̧ܵͷҪùô˷ܵѳʲôû뵽һ̧ͷͶ͵ߡ
ʹźɫ£ƤĵøӰ𪣬ͬʱҲԵø䡣
óҲܾȣʱҲû뵽ôɣ˵ͷ
ĸ󣬾ͿʼԼĺӡ
һĽؿࣺǺãŮġ
иŮðܸ˵˵ĻͣµڶףĺôһҲûŴǰ˵ŵ㡣
ҲһЦ⣬ȻҲôģȴͷҲһġ
Ҳʮûˣύǣֿʼ˵źӵĽ
һҵȻǸʶ
ʱ˵˵˱Ƚл⡣䵽ͣһ졣
ʱĳ࣬ܿͺʱϢе֪ͽʮꡣ
ʱЩȣԭΪ꣬û뵽Ȼ꣬һҲ
ĵǢʱ򣬷ԱʼϲˣǱߵĸĸպܺã԰ˡ
ʱϴ򵥣һֱûܻ£Ϻϴε»ûлл͹ҽ
Ͳ²˵͵£ˣǸøлǡ
͵Ļʱ͹Ľ죬ˣǲ˵ɡ
ԱߵʱʱѯǸʲô
ʱٽһ鵱ʱ£ʱʧЦͽ죬ҲǸ˲š
Թ󣬹һȥ˳͡
µ͹ȻͬϵȴסһᣬԸ¼AһֱҲǺҹæµֲһУԲŽû硣
Ѿ磬ȻܾҪתأֱӿȥʱҡ
ʱԶһֱںҷ죬ҲһֱעߵĶԱʵʱСʶ
Ҳ㣬ͼΡʱ͵
Ȼôɣһľϲ
Ҳû뵽ʱЩ׹ͻȻ˷ܵĵ㡣
˵ƣǰ˵һѧҽû뵽ͻ·ҽֻ࣬Լͼ˲֪ĿǻǱٴҪЩ
ʱɵգͷҳµ˷ܶˣǰʻϵʵͣʱǹ֮ǰʶ
һ;֪ʲôЩΣ裬ֹͣԲ
л˵


22 
µ˷ٶü˲ȴ, תͷ²ۣҲ֪ô£ǵһҵ, Ȳ̸, ãڿ챼ˣû̸, ǰװ˷ǵĺû򡣡
ĻԼþûŴϰɡһЦؿµ
ϵ²۲ûӰ쵽ǰ, ظŵʱҵķʻȥ
˵꿴ǰ˿˿Ӱͣ̾˿֪϶ˡ
ô꣬ûĸŮر
ʱ, ҳǼྣӵ˵, ֪ǰʱʱȥѵ, һź, ˵ҪϾͺ, һµʱҲܶʱ
󻹺ʱϵʽ, ´ѧϰѵһʱЦ˵á
Լ, תС, ֪ôͺʱ֮ǰʶ¡
֪ԭί󣬹Ц⣺ͽð, ȻҽԺ硣
Աߵһ, СǶǰ, ʲôãȻ˼Ůӽ죿ó
ͼװûͶ۵ͽҲǹ־⣬ɲ⡣
ʱҿҳǱ߷ԣһֱɽ
൹Ǽߴ죬ҲǻҪæµ
뿪󣬹಻̾´μ滹֪ʲôʱء
ڽͨôǺף´οҲȥǱ߿ʱԶļ
ĸʱ䣬ԶʱȥǱߣ
磬ԼһȥԷġԹСֶѾԼ˳ϳԷ
Ц⣬ڵͬദúܺãʱɷ
ʱ뿪µһֱЩ꣬͹ݵܶѧʱЩ
Щ꣬һֱæ˺ѵ磬Ǻ͵ĳɳ
ȻһֱԹ˵ûŴĻ죬Ҳڶ¶ӣΪǶչ̫٣òСС;Ϳʼ¡
ǰ汳ӰֱֽͣǶ̫٣ֽڵһС
ҪҽԺֵ࣬ļڶ˵ȫ

˳ģʱʱ͸˿һܿ͵˳죬Ҫȥľˡ
ȺﲻϢðݳܰȻѾ˶Ӿܵʱ״ǰСʱȥ
ʼʰ಻ЩȣôҪߣ
ǣʰţߡΪ׼زЩࡣ
ţȻ̰ĵģǰһضʱһأÿĩθڼ죬Ȼ١
ΪʱҪ뿪ķ˺ǷḻȫʱԵģʱҲĶ˰뷹
ϰˣ췵̵˹ƺܶ࣬ҲǶԵģ϶·ϡʱԶ˵궣Сĵ㡣
ΪѵľߵķѾһûסˣʱĵһ¾ǿͨԼɨһУʱѾ̱ˡ
Ⱥʾһֱͣʱ֪ڴߴԼˡ
һûҷ·˺ܶ໰Ҫߡ
ܰȻˣһȥףϧϲ͡
ٶȵǿ찡ܹڼҾʹ죬Ρ
ֱ̾Ϊֹ
ûһĸġܰȻ˵ſʼĳλķṦΰ
Ҹ˵Լڵļţʱһֵ꿪ѧĸоʱҲһѧȲغԼСԼڵļš
ѧϰһ£о֮ǰĺˡƾԼֵëѾҪȥѧϰһ»ָŻصԭˡ
ʱҲĸоһ²ҵ񣬶
Ϊ滹пԣŸϰ£ȡһξ͹
Ҷ۳Ͷ٣Էûֱ̯ӻ˼ҡ
˼ʱŷ˼֮ǰ绰ֻС˾û
زȥͷ˼ܿͽͨʱ㵽ľ𣿡
ţѾˣôˣʱòǽ͹˰ɡ
ҺͳҲߣĿǱߺʲô£ڵ¼Ƴٳû֪ͨǸɴͳˡ˼͵
ʲôʱ򵽵ģʱЩա
յûã컹ҪϰǰɣǾɣһѧȥǱ߿
֮ǰʱἰǸӡ
Ǻã°ֱӹ
ʱ֮ǰ΢Щ˽⣬Ǳߴϵļ˺ͶֻͯдСеĻ͵ȥϡ
ɼõĻȥϵĳУߵ˶Ժǵѧϰƺ̫ء
һѹסӵƢһ棬ǾúӳԱů޲־С
Ҳ˺ܶຢϷֱΪæŸɻֻҪӲ޲ֻ֣Ҳν
뵽ʱ̾˿˵׻ǾԭԣĸĸԸͺӷֿأ
־Ը߹ȥҲֻǾȷļֵ۰ɡ
Щ£ʱʲôʱ˯ŵĶ֪ˡ
ڶһ磬ӽʱ۾ԺüûȻЩϰߡ
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ףСʱˣŽ㿴顣
ʱһ£ٴλصʱİϤС
Сռٹ󣬿϶ҪæµһģȻһæһ硣
Էʱʱʱ俴˼ƬѾ壬ͬʱһЩѧϰþߺͿȥ
ϣЩӿκֻܹĶЩ鼮
ľЩʱҪǿԼ˼ʾǻһص
ֻ̫࣬ЩвٶнӵףǼƺӣֻЩСѹû¡
˼˵ڳѧ£ڸ߼ҳǴȥҽԺ۾
еһ۾Ҫٿ鿪ʼԥ룬۾ǮҪͳֱӳˡ
ϵ۸ͨȻ࣬һڹѾЩƷ֮ٺ;˽Ӵˡ
˼ʾĵϼģʱæظ
ˣƼԷһֱֻɵ٩
⻰һ˵Ŀⶼ˹ʱѵҲǡ
ǣǹľԼһԷʱ͵
ΪѵءܰȻЩɺ
²ʱЦֻ
籾ҲӦǸͨæµǣΪλճµŮ籣ʱúܶණҪٲϵռ
ʮھ͸ý籣ޣҪҪǽɺаĵȴڡ
Ȼһʼ˲ûа£ֱСĸ·סԺǲҽ
ǧе˵࣬ũͥһһõ롣
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Žĺ˴죬ǿ˵ǣ뿪ʱﻹţǽôǮƾɶͲˣ
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в£ײǽͷŽҲһͷۡ
ʱ룬ȷʵû취ˣܲǿҪɡ
ˣǱҪһϵе£ҪϣʱҪһˡǰǱ߾ڳﻮˡ
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ӣ˼ĵ绰ˣ绰ͷЦ⣺°𣿡
ţ°࣬ҴŰСܵʱŵϵԤʱ
ѾڳˣҸ㷢λҹ̣Ѿʼ˼ֱӹˡ
ãҹǡʱʱʶʹȥҲʲôϾѾˡ
˼ĶλľõľƵ꣬ʱֱȥ
˼İŵʱ˳˸Ϣ
ʱҲкüûˣгѧ־Ըߡ
ʱ֮ǰ˼Ѿˣǿþȡ
ʱѧʱܵ
Ҳʱʱ˽⵽λѧҵԺȥɽ֧̣ΪҾпɣ֯ĹһȺÿֻҪҪȺһ䣬ܻв˲μӡ
˼ʱһԣʼѯʱľóǺ档
ʱ㿴Щʲô沿ʵ۷ɣʳԼһֱɻ
ԣЩƤʱͷ󷽳ϡ
ôҲȥЩ飬ͷ󣬵㿴ô棬ʼԼˡ˼Ƕʱ䣬ʱԹ
ҵĴԷʱ˵ŸԼˮһ
ðɣǿԭˡ˼Ȼ˵ǿĻϵЦȴǲá
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Ǻʹ˵ˣϰȥǵҽԺ⣬Ȼ۾˼룬ˣҪ²ǣϣԼٶܹǰɡ
ЩСĸĸô˵ѵҲһ𣿡ʱ˲һ»⣬ĸٲӦôĮӲǡ
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Ҳһ㣬ʱƵǻᣬ绰˼ڱǻỹõˡ
Ļ⣬˼Ქ۵ĵڶڣʱЩȣڻûģͼˣ
սӵ֪ͨ쿪ʼĵڣܸܲ˼˵ҲΡ
Ȼ۸˴ȶȣĺˣʱĵĿܲ˵ʱҲҲҺǺûг̡
֮ǰں˰ɣŷ첻˵ܿպء켣Ȧӣ˭ء
ԸɣǾȫȨίиѧˣʲô£ֱӺѧϵ
ʱ˵ͷ緽ʽ˳ǹȺ£Ҳ˾ȥԺʲôҲܳһҲԭ
ϣ̸ͻᷢʵºͣ뵽ӱҵһֱ棬ʱ
Ϊ˼ͳ»ҪȥأԷҾɢˡ
ʱȥʱۻû꣬Ҫߵģȫ⺭Ӱûлߡ
Ȼȫ⺭ɴط֣ҲʼȫȫͶ빤У׼ĸ飬ôܲѹ״̬ʵãǴҶܿƣ롣
Ļһȫ⺭С㣬ҲĿ鲻ˣΪ˲ȶȣʲô¶֪˼Ҹձȷ֣ȴĿ￴
·һʱԮȫ⺭ڽĿҲǶȫ⺭չˣСĵ̬ȣżغ֮Ļ˾ȫ⺭
֣һ͸ȫ⺭úãֵȻ־˸飬󻹱ʾҪȫ⺭ѡ
һʼĻﲻ֣ĺĺ˺ĻͿʼζˡ
Ҿ֣ȫ⺭𣿡
1ҲЩ裬ο˼Ҿͺúðο˼ңΪʲôҪغ
֣СֱҵĻ棬ǿȫ˵ʱüëչģ֤С
ԣһȷʵеˣͷһȫ⺭״̬˼ǰⲻǰì𣿡
ѵֻҷֻ֣֣жԴյʱŻ⣬˶ܺõģؼҵ˼̬ȣ
Ҳǹȫ⺭ĺðɣ۾ģѾܿˡ
Ļܿ챻յķ˿Լ֮ԺCPռ죬ʱֱӹ˵Ļ˵֣ȫ⺭
ʱ룬֣ôɰķϣǿԭϴͨĵ绰ɡ

۲ʱ䣬ȻغԼһ𿴣շЩԾʮ죬غݾûٻعңټׯѩĵ绰ֹܶ뷨˳
ݣͼﳳܵԭΪҰɡ˵ҧŴˡ
غ⼸ڳﱸŻ£һ֤عûϣɿԵġ
մµûе£㲻Ҫ˼롣
㲻Ҫƭˣĵ绰ѾˣҲΪǵ룬ȥϴɣǾ͵Ϊֹ˵ۿˮ˳
˵ʲô㲻ҵ²ҪҾغǲ͡
ǰ˵ǸǴ˻ᡣȰ
ģȻ֮ǰӮһҲԡغһ԰ûаغԴ
غԴܹʹӣΪ֣ҵǸŮ˵ķδغԴв
Ǳߣǿȷֿ١
УһͣˣҶ²ؼҶ㲻⣬ˣЩ㲻õģ컹Ҫ㣬˯ɡغ˵һѱȥԡң漴Ľ
ͷ֣û뵽ԼȻô˿ԼǶԼԼȥ
ƽһ˵ߵɳͷغԴԴ㿴з˿ôάң˵ҪҪ齱֮Ļ
֣ö಩齱Լķ˿Ǯ߿ԡ
غԴߴӵĻ֣˵ͷУø˾ͺá
ҵúúʲôȽϺá˵ʼϵһʲôܻӭ
Ҷĵ绰֣غԴæЩ۵ôˣٴɣٶ࣬ﶼغݡ
Ѿ˺ݻغݳȥŻȴһֱȨغԴʱ֣ҪʼغԴǲǲģԲŻᱻԴ
غѾڳﱸ¹˾£ΪջϣȻðִѹף뿪ʲôǡغԴº͡
֣һǹѹغݵĻᣬֵүǱߣҲ˵ͨǻΪջϡ
غǱߣ֣һԸ㣬ѰԴҲ룬Ҫүƫģ˳ܲõλã
غԴϵԣǱߵ֣һ˼Цŵ˯ɣ첻ǻ㡣
뵽ôæȴԼۣ뵽֣ɵҪ˳ˣҲôæ
㲻µʱ˵Ȳǲ˳ģغԴЦſ
֣ҧҧǣóʮ־᣺ûϵ˵ȥɡ
ЩˣغԴҪһ㡣
ûϵҲͼʱ䣬Ӱ첻ġغԴ˵ͷҪ˼룬ǶӰ༸죬ǿԵġ

ҪϿ˼ϢʱΪ¶ξ
˼ҲϢͳѾѺǶ˹ȥҽԺҺŵ·ϡ
ʱһˣȻ𴲿ʼϴ˿ʼµһ졣
ʳõʱѾڳˣܰȻ²ۣʾȻ޺ྡ
ĵڶڣܰȻȫԳ֮Ժתˣһ㶼˼ȫ⺭ĸܡ
ͣ˵׷ءѵ
ⲻ̫𣬺ˣҲ˵ˣҿ֣˵Ҫ׼齱ˣ׼ЩƷȻǺšܰȻʾԼҲҪȥǸĸ
ʲôЩ棬齱ʲôģ˭ܾܾջء
֣ĽƷϼĸУʱҪҪμӣʱҡͷܾˡ
ǶԳ齱ģǰͨ绰ҪǳԼԼ֮ǰ֣ǰ߹޵ķͱס
֪ʱһЩȤҲû˵ʼоǳΪӵĿԴ󲻴
˰칫ңʱͱ֪ͨºǱһϢ׼ϣʱЩ£ôͻȻ
û취øǱߵ֪ͨŽҲһΡ
ãҪ׼ʲôЩʱʵ
ҪǽɲѯԼһЩ⡣򣬶ڷ־ֵĹϽҪ־ߵϡ
ãǵʱٰѲϵ飬ʱǿ԰Ų
ţҲʧΪһð취Žͬص˵ͷ
ԺϣͿֱôϵæܷ־һˡ
ŽǱ߸˵Ƭ͸ʱȻǿʱϡ
ʱͷӺѣǱҲܿ췢ϢʾŻӾ͹ˣʱ׼·ˡ
˵طŷ֣ǵһĴ徹Ȼǽ壬Ը˾ߴϡ
ϴμԸ绹ؾｻϣʱ룬᲻Ը磬û뵽󣬾ԸЩһŗո̳
ʱǰкԸȻû뵽˵˼Ȼȥʱ򣬰Щո̻ȥ־ֵ˳ԡ
ʱΪΪԸôæʾô鷳ġ
Ըƺ뷨ЦŽ͵Լ޽һָӣӺܶ࣬Щѹ۵ųһ
ʱˮ¨ĸӣʵչǮһ
͸һ壬ܶ˶òֵĻֲȫڼԸҲΣû취嶼˲٣˼ҿô࣬ȻҪѹۡ
ȥôǮܱڼĺá
ҪҪֱԼʱɽ


23 
ֱ, ʱʵҲһ֪⣬ô, ֻԸһ˼·, Ͼ۸ȥȥгɱͶ׬ʲôǮ, æһȴ׬Ǯ, ǸõöΡ
߱ǵλĴӣ̲סһ䡣
ԸƽҲвٶģʱĻɸŵͷ⵹һ⣬Ļ, ϶۸㡣
ԸԺʹԼ˼ʱ»ǵôԼͬС
Ҳ, ⱾǴϵĲҵ԰, ˸ٲҵ԰, ЪAҺ͸ҵ԰, ǴרҵӪҵִ, ҪͬĻֱȥӸӪΧͳɡԸԽ˵Խ¿Уһͨ, ĪAҺ͸Ҳ·
ʱ벻ﻹĲҵ԰, ·Ĵ򿪣ҲǴߵľ, ˵ͷͦ, Ƶôȥѧϰⷽɡ
ϾǶ, Щ¶һžܳɵġ
ã֧Ů֮ǰΪ岻ôְҪȥϰ࣬¸պøҵԸһֺǵ
ǵʱˣԸһҲԼ֧֡ʱϲˮǳӸһģһˮ־ͺ㣬Ҳ֪Ǽ޽ӵʲôƷ֡
Щȥͬǳԣģǰ׳ԣó˷֧¡ԸЦŰһӵݸʱԭλġ
УʱŪˣԸǵ˵һʱûƴǡ
ʱѶŵ䣬ҪСȥĴӣϳݸһһ͵Ǹٲҵ԰¼޽ӵƷ֡
ƳγεɫʳƤҲܺðԱߵСһ꣬æصͷˮֻ࣬Ȼȥʱһ㡣
˳󶼷׷׵ͷζһ¾³°ʱһЩȥ
ʱԼժĸժĸⲻˮˮøã
˵ڼ䣬ʱҲһҶ֭ҲҪһȥ
ʱѶᵽ칫ңʾԸôģŽһȤԣֻǮˡ
Žе֪ԴԸȥ˽ǱߣʱʱԼǮǱߵزǳԣǾúóԣͷߵȥǱҲΪ崴ˡ
Ž㣬ر𣬶ˮر㡣ʱҲһ׼ָС飬Ȼ͵Ӫҵˡ
ϴԺһ޽Ʒ֣ĩʱҴȥժ򡣡պҲǴźӷŷˡ
ҲȤЦŵҪôũ־͸ˣʱȥժӣ˳Ǳһ졣
˵˵ЦЦԹ˵£ʱͻȻҪܲؼңü˹һȦȥժӣڳתһȦٺһȥ
ǵϴιп߿ϰĵطϧһֱûϡ
뷨ʱͿʼƻĩ£ȥʳõʱѾڵˡ
֪ˣ겻ʵоô᲻ֲˣ
ǵûУֵҾǸæġʱ͵
ȥҲͦ䡣ġ
УڣϾܶ˶ҪɻҲࡣʱʵʵ˵ǿҪ£Щ϶׬ǮҪһ㡣
⵹ǣǰϼң˴ӣʲôˣΪǺúڼҴӣЩӴرźȥɻСˡ˵˼˲һһڣͻ˵ôôģڵĺӽɶġ
ٲҵ԰޽Ʒ֣Ҳ֪׽ʲô˶иӣǴƷּ޽ӵģ𣬺ܺóԣҴЩǳ
Լȥժ𣿡ܰȻȥ԰ժӵĸо
Ӧÿ԰ɣ칫ŽĩҲҪȥ
ĩҲȥɡܰȻһĴÿĩڼξ͵ŷŷ硣
óԵĻȥһˡȽլΪ˳Եõǿһˡ
ȥģٴ˹ȥƱʾܾͲǴˡ
ȻûٴһϷܰȻֿʱ㻹ȥ𣿡
ҴҰһȥʱЦŵ
ǵַԼȥܰȻæһȥͷ
˿Ե¡̲סѵ
أͼװڲ֪ɡܰȻæҡͷԼҪȥ뿼Ե£ԭΪ˾Ͳÿˣ֪̫档
ʱѹӷָǺʣµԼ˻ȥ˳෢Ƶȥĩһȥժӡ
裬ĺܺóԣһ·ĸˣÿһ𡣡˵ʱЩ˼ԼȻѾĸˡ
óҲһγ̫࣬ϻ𡣡óʱùǿġ
˵Ʒ֣ϻġʱǵǰԼһüɰ١
Ҳܹǵʱֱӿǹ˵ǻʱְǰȥǱһΡ
ֺ͸ܲӰɣʱʵ
ӣǷ¡ֱӸ˾
͹˵ĩ£ʱſϢǱߺǵѾ꣬ߺӵǿʵȱʣҪĻǸĸͼ˵̬ȣҲѾͨˣϣ໤ܹ躢ӹĺ͹ذ
ϾǳȥƴΪ˺ܹúһ㣬ȴעغӵĻֱĩõĸо
־ԸҲߺǣ˵İֻһʱģҪøãı״ǵÿԼ
˼ͳṩ۾Ϳ飬ϣǺúѧϰԼŬı״
ʱ֪ȫܶ๫棬ĵطʵ㲻ĲǸҲò࣬ͿЩҳͺӱˡ
ʱˡ
ϣһ˵ĵܹף˵Ŀǰõİ취Ǻúöı״
һ˼ͳ԰ǣܰһӡ
֮ǰ籣ǮĺӣĸǱҲѾ˹ͨ
ͷӦڸһطʱȦȥɽ䣬δȥҪһЩůƷֻʲܾʱµһѩѥ
һУʱŷֻ

ӵ£Ըȥ˴ɲ£Ҳÿ궼Ҫ£ôм̣಻㡣
Ժ˳ÿҲõģ˵ʱһЩڼ
飬ɲǾÿУϾһԣʧֲ󣬵ؼ˭أ
Ǵ鿴֧壬ϴβ˵Ů߶ģȥϰⲻ𣿡
ģָӣɡ
УһȥһҲһء֧˵ͷûѻ˵̫
½ΪڷӦأѴְ΢ȶЩ¿ḁ̃ڻĸ£֮ǰ֢״ʧò࣬ϼã徻ȴ̫ġ
ȻҪȥϰ࣬Ҳֻ˵˵Ͼأļҹ˾Ҫ
ֵ飬û˵ͬ⣬ֻ侲֣²ѣѵô򡣡
֧⻰ˣôˮֶ࣬ôûˣ
½֪ϸ׵Ĺִǲ磬ڼҲû£͵ʱˣȻҪܰﵽףǾٺòˡ
֮ǰ̣ԶЩӪ˽⣬Ҫ˰Ŵϴǿ϶°빦
½ǸеˣȻҪڶͿʼִ֤¾ͽȥ죬ȥҵ԰Ƭء
һ飬ǵϹĩרҵ豸ɡ
֮ǰ˵ģ򵥣ѵȥʱȦɣϣ˶֧֧

죬ʱ˸磬Źǹ»еͣ緹ȥǱժӡ
ϢʱŸĸһʱסС¥£ͿʼʱϢ
ʱҲմӳлǵģԼڼ˵߳ԴסʹõĴָʵջУֻʳãټһˣʱ١

ʱһ£ͿĴСɵ٩ô׼¶һ֣
ԣǳҵĳգȳԵˮʱָָ輸ϵĹ̡
ϴ˵ǸָŹĹӵ
ԣ㳢óԵĻԶժȥ͸ͬǳʱϾֱ򵽡
ô԰ϰʲôô˲ɣʱ˵˳һ
磬۸ִһֻѺóԵĺʹҷ£Ҳ˳˽Ǳߵ⣬ǵλ˵ĵطƬʱ͵
ͦģժһ㣬ǼЩȥǰյ¼Ĺİ涼ѧǻᰮԵĶ߶򲻵ôء
ԣǿյģ򡣡ʱͦģһι
ǵ³˷ȥ裬ڿӣȥ̫ûʱ׼
æ˵Ҫ
ʱס˼򣺡ã濴Ӻˡ
裬ǽ쳢ʱհɣϴ롣Ϊ֤Լǰ׳ԣʱϴĻǵ֮ǰϴʱġ
ʱһ۾ͿĴ㣬Ǿô˵ˣˣϴϴλһûʲôء
û£ﶼϴģϴһĲ⡣
˵öԣ˰̫ˣ͸ϴʱԶҲŸ͵
û˵ϴˡʱ̲סϴֲûϴ
ǵȻ鷳ʱʱá
ʱЦҡͷѾͷԽԽǰˣĸҲԽԽˣͦõġ
ʱԶҲܸˣɳϣסشװͰ裬ӵĲʵҲܷӳһ˵״̬
ҵܰúܿģΪʱںú
ʱĲһ̫ûЩ裬ҲʱԤĺöˡ
ͷĹʱԶͷǳˣסؿޣֱӿ̡
ѣʱʰȥ˳ʱȥ˷任·ʱʰþܳ
ʱ·ͿȦŽ㷢ƬһժӵƬӦǻˡ
ܰȻҲ˵Ҫȥǳ
꣺ûأǲѾȥˣ
ʱ׼ҾͲǿ
ܰȻţȥɣǹƵĥ䵽ˡ
ʱڣȻͲʱǵʱ򣬹԰ǱҲժ
֧ݸʱѼһӣǿĸͼĸʱȥǱ߹Ӿͺˡ
ߣҲ׼ӣǴԼõľݣС
ʱժ֮ǰ˼淢ƬǼЩȥȻС˼ǣǾòĻƼˡ
ô˵ǵƼ϶ͨȺЧ
˼ۣԼժ
ʱԵģժ˸Щ
˼ãߵ¼ƹƻҪö죬˵طҪ¼ڡ
ʱǸͳһɣóԵĻ£ˡ
˼û⣬óһ
һ㣬˼û⣬ƽʱͻͷ˿һЩõģߺóԵʳ
Щ˿Ǵһ·ߵڣķԼúõģǹ档
ʱţúóԷһ¾С
ͷҲܿ췢ϢѾʼڿǲľ籾ˣû⣬¸¾ܽˡ
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ʱˣⲻкóԵҲϲԽ𣬸Щմժ֡
һһɣ¸¾ҪˣҲ鵽ŵһЩϢ
ʱˣҪæˣ֤ȷʱٱɡ
ȻĻʱˡ
һһİɣôҶˣҲˡ
ʱˣã°ѵַңְɡ
һһţϰΧĹ԰
ʱˣԣˮˣǽЩ
һһζҵʱµ˿齱
ʱˣȻν㶮///
һһٸҴñóԵĻǿɾͲкĹ
ʱˣǵȻ
ʱֻһתͷŷֹྐྵȻںƵﶼǸˣʱܿջĿ⣬רĿʼժӡ
½ҲϹһڹ԰Ƭ˳һЩǲժĻ棬Ȼд
ˮһЩпĻ棬Ǳ׼ӣΪ׼
һʼʱԼժһȤ£һᣬͷÿ־ٵ̫ߣ֧ܿˣժӵºܿͽʱˡ
ҲǣһֱڴƵƬʱԶժӡ
ΪҪĸѣժӡ
ȥϳƵʱҪʼҲе꣬߿԰ֱʼġ
ʱû뵽Ƕô죬꾹ȻѾʼӪˣܼĵĻǾͲôȥߣҲʡܶ¡
ÿ浥ǻʱСƬĵַ֣ʾԺûʱժĻֱϹ
ʱƬģǴרҵʿ߾Ը֮ǰ˵Ĵ֧ŮһƬ
󲿷ֹ߿ݣʣµԼߣس̵·һͳʲô
ʱԭǻȥģ뵽ȥԺҪڣһܲȥˡ

Ȼ˼ʱԹ£ֳôΪ㣬Ըоֵ֮״̬Щԡ
رغݣʱ˶ǷƵġ
;Ϣʱ˼ͿʱϢѾ˹¿Ϣ
˼ظ˸ãͳ˵һһתͿ֣
ʵ˵֮ǰֺ֣ǧ϶ദһֱԶԶġ
ֱ֣֣Щ֮⣬ǻͦѺõġ
ԭΪѯй£û뷨ȷʵòشʱϲã˼һӾͱþ
֣뷨ʵܼ򵥣һֱǷʱһǸȥǸܵгǣʱ׼һʱֲЦˣʱӦò̫аɡ
ȻʱԭԭʵѾĿǷΧˣϾĶˣʱԭҲû취
ԭΪ˳£Ͼ˼ǰһôã϶֪ϲðɣ֪Ȼ˵֪
˼¸ʱһ£ҽߣɵ͹˼֮ǰ˵ʱǱʲôˮˣ
֣æ˼ʵʲôˮ
˼֣ЩദҲ˵Ӧûʲôϵǡ
֣֪ԭί˲⣬ʱһգһǧˮ齱ɣ
л˵


24 
˼ԭΪֻ֣, ˭֪Ȼ㹺򣬻һǧ, Ǿȣô
֣һ޹ؿ˼ǲ˵, Ҿҷ˿齱ɡ
һöã֣ԽԼⲻ
˼ʱѾٸʱϢ
˼֣н飿
ʱҺн飬ô֪
˼֣ǱˮֱӶһǧ, ˵Ҫ˿齱Ϊʶ
ʱǮ˵İã
ʱҲЩ, Ǻ£ЩǮ֣˵Ǿţһë
˼ҷҸ
ʱɣҪǸµ˵õع
ʱӦԼС֮ˡ
ûҵ𣿡ۿ֣˹˼æ˳ҳ档
ҵ, ҷȺɡ˼Ҳ˸ۣȺмα, ȿԼ֣, ˵ܴ
, ȥµ֣µʱѾ˼ԼʱǸˡ
½հѽĵƬƷҳ, Ϳһǧ, һӦ϶Ǳ˵Ķ硣
ôˣأϹЩ⡣
һǧ½˵ЩˣſʼӪ, ˭ôֱʡ
ôࣿҲһĲ, һõӾĽ
ԥ, վ绰ȷ, һǱѡأ
绰ܿ챻ͨ, õȷϵϢ½˷ܣǽʵð£ô֪С𣿡
Ͼǲϼܲ죬⻹ϵĵһû뵽Ĵ󵥡
ʱ˵ˮˣѵ𣿡֣Щɻ
ǵģȷʵˣлԽİ½ǸлȻ֪еʱָ˭
֣ͷѾ˳齱Ʒ
μӳ齱ѿͻȻˮֲ⣬Ͼ֮ǰõĽƷȫǸƷƵĲױڻͻ䡣
֣һֱעϵۣϾһһпɶϵ
ҪԻĽƷͻȻúŹͻȻúýӵ
촩ϣԭŹҲƽˮ/ͷ/ͷ/
ɫĲʺ磺ԳΪӵĸֱ
۾ͻȻӵˮʲô
ѡظ£ʾĳˮˣ֣ǽһ¡
ظܿ챻ȫǿ佱֣ĻϹٲǱ߻˴ʺƨ
֣ȻҲû뵽Լ׼ǸĳķӦع˵绰ơ
Ȼǿ佱Ļȴ֣Щˬûôȴع˵
Ļֻ棬Ϊ˶һغԴ䣬ᰲο
֣ԥ£̧ͷغԴԴʵҵĶҲûô
ǷʱһǸ˼ʱҲµ
ĳʲôȷʵﵽǱߵĹũѾܰˡغԴϸղŸᡣ
֣ԥƬ̣Ǻ̹֮ǰʱ¡
Ѿˣ˵ʲô޲غԴ̾˿ȻѾˣǾͰ˵ģǸɡ
һģ᲻̫񶾣֣˵겻ɴͷԲں˵뷨ȴܺغԴԼĿ
غԴ̾һ֪Щ²ְӵᣬԺҪˣߵ¼ãͼ֮
ţ֪ˡ֣˵ͷ

ʱ֪֣ˮ齱ϢܰȻǸԼġ
ÿ춼ΪΪŬ֣ΪرģûἰߵһУһͷ;齱ĽƷǽĸӡ
ʱת΢ﴽ԰ӭ׵ź졣
֣Ķʲôڵʵʵİ˽ߡ
ʲôЦôˣʱЩɻؿһۣղŻ˵᲻뿪Цһ仨Ƶġ
ҸտµһǧݽĸӣǸء֣һӦþǽ˲ٵɣ
ôֱʣƣʱҲЩȣϾˮڻ̫࣬ɳԲꡣ
˿齱֣ΪۣҲջһ˿γ齱һ˿ܰȻ˵з˿סʾ뿴ŵ
ͦõģˣĹӻҲͽˡʱҲͦõģ齱Щ˿ǾúóԣӦûع
Ҳã֮᲻˴ɡĹӿζƷ඼û⣬ȱľһô˽ǵĻᡣ
ѾúܺˣʲôʱԼҪԼѹʱЩѹͲҪġ
ʱ£Ȼ˵ͷʾ֪ˡ
ʱǲųʱǲŻʰꡣ
ս绰ˣİ룬ԭܽӣǵλ˴ĵ绰ȵ绰ͨǱߵֱӣʱ֣
ʱĺˣ֣Լʲô£ѵû
Ȳ˵֪֪Լ¼֪ˣʱҲ׹ģԭܺߣһȻϲۣʱδйĴ㣬浽˲һ
ϴ˵£Թҵ绰ˡʱȻ룬̬Ȼãȫǿһǧݹӵϡ
ǣǸģϴεҲԣʱǼһ𣿡֣ǵغԴĻǸĳ⡣
ĵǸҽܣĻ˰ɣҲǵķʱֱӾܾҪ
ܾҲ֣֮У߬绰ٴεǸȻҾͲǿʱСˣٴκ˵Ǹ
绰ҶϺʱֻ˳ﻹɻ֣ĵǸϾô죬ѵǺŵ˷仡Ƚϳ

۽ĿߣαƽȻһɺг˽ʵаȽϣڶҶ֪֣齱¡
رգ֣ԽԽĻˮ齱ֱǻٵǮ档
ҲʱʶԴ¼Լʱ֣Ƚϣ˶Щħˡ
Ǳ¸¾ҪԼü춼ûٿ籾̲סԼա
հգǲԼغദʱĵˣ
룬Һ֣΢ԼغҪҵҲͬҪ
ԼҪ籾Щȣʱ䣬յ˼ȫں֣ıȽˡ
ѾˣϾغݣԺԴԴϵԴѡƽҲû
ֻһźжԼҵҪģҲͬԭ֮һ
⼸յıҪˣû뵽Ȼž籾ʵѡ𣿡
磬һΣ֮ǰˡ֮ǰȻϣغϣһæµԼͿʼûʧⲻ
οغںͼսԼӦñԼ̬ȣŬΪǵδŬ
ֻҪҰģôһɹⲿIP϶ᱬҪץסᡣ۹һ籾һֱܿá
ֻҪǱ߲;ʣôⲿԻΪȴ󱬾硣
һúнɫģġ룬æµû˼Ϊغݻûʧˡ
ҪǣؼһûִѹԼҵ֮ǰһҪúóɳɳηϵĴѹ
ˣ֣ˮ齱£ڽĿҲ׼⣬ʱҲ齱˿Ѿӱർõһ¼Ƶ̡
˵¼𣿡ղü
ԭ¼ڣڸĳһڣźͻȥǱߣĿĿǰںǱϵܲӦغԴ֣޵ֱʡ
ã֪ˡҲ뵽֣һ齱ԵڶѵĺȥټȶҲ

Ȼ˼֪֣һǧݣյʱĹĿݺ󣬵һʱѹӷĿļα
ζģмαʵ
ѸҼĹģϲĻȥµҷȺˡ˼˵Ϳʼ༭Լ΢ӦʱóԵĻͻ
ʱûƭȷʵóԣ˷Ҳµٷݳ齱
֣һ֪ԼµһңӾﳬֵѾźһȥ㣬μΪ
մĽӣ˼ʲôʱ֣ϵôˣ
ʱĳȥĿݶ½յˣ⼸ڼо籾Ѱû籾ʱ򣬲֪ȥ
ֱν㣬ٳˣ¸¾Ҫˡ
ҪƮƮԶŮԱؿƵúϸ
ЩջԼŽӵ֣ò;߹Ƭ
ԣʱ˵Ǵ͗ո̵ӽƷ֣Ҳ֪׽иʲô
պÿ籾ͷۣƬҲǷ£Ƭֱӷ΢
V͵ģоζٸ˿һͬ
Ź滹ѵҵСƬȥϣûеСԼȥġ
˼΢һȥܿۡ
ÿ춼˽ڣŮǶг
ɫÿǽӵ㣿
ЬҲҪ¿ȥҿ£̫Ƶӣûб˼ֻǾý׬ǮƹǮ
óԣܵЬӵҲȥҿˣͬһ
Ҷƣѵֻһ˷ǵ˵Ƕһôˣ˭԰ϰ/ͷ/ͷ/
ɽҪֻ֣ҿƷһժӵƬüƺʱ㡣
Ϊۣܶ˳嵽СȥƬȻǸʱ
ǵĲժʱʱС뾳ˣʱ򣬴Ҳ²˼Ӧþʱ
ҷʱǰͬһˣ˼ʱ¾ʮ꣬ʱǹͬȫ˵ͨ
峿ĵһ⣺ʱһӻһ/Ц/Ц/
ţúȣʱ㣬ũƷ֣齱ǸòҲһҰɣ
֦Ҫ˲Ǵϸٲҵ԰Ʒ֣ÿչ̫ͣһγԼлҶԽ֧֡
֣ܿ조͵ġһⱻѡ
ҷ׷׿ʼһ䣬ʾ˭ӵʱأ
˼û뵽ԼĵһѾȻΪһӣ΢ۿʮֻòˡ
û취Сû棬һôۡ
ķ˿Ҳ׷׸򿨵Ĺ۹ŰʾƼʵúȫķǡǮ
ĿʼǰƼ˼ƼĶȷʵʵá
˫ƤҵģȷǱС㣬ҷĳ塣
βܣǣСʱѣҷķۣҪ/ͷ/ͷ/
СӴ£һںǸ˭û֤ݡ
ҵģһ˺棬ʱǲÿ¶ҪS֤buishi
˲𣺹Ѿʼÿµףʱ㿪ʼҵĻˡ
ףʱߣ/ͷ/
˼Ųǵķ˿оԼһ۽ͼʱȥ
˼ʱ㣬ҵĹˣ
ʱʲô
ظʱпյ㿪ͼƬĸۣû뵽ҾȻ湣
˼ʱ㣬ģһʱSÿ¸顣
ʱɲأԼʱɾС
˼ˣһڶȥ㣬ĿҲʰɡ
ʱ㣿ǣһ۽Ŀ飬ʲô尮
㣬ŮҲҪʱĲԾؿܡ
˼ɽˮ̸ĺõط𣬸Ҫ˽ĿǱߵˮӦòó˰ɡ
ʱǼĴӦ߰˰ˣǱ߷羰ȷʵ
ĿҪʱȻֹˣʱʱҲڽ壬ңĿĵӦܸ崴գţĿҲɢ١
ʱµûȥǼԼµ齱ģʣµĶµˡ
رǡ͵ġһѺ󣬺ܶ˶ȥµϾͼƬȷʵũƷҼûпǣֱ塣
ԴԴӿĶ½ŵֱӹر˶ͨǼֻڴʱ򿴹
͹֪ʲôֱ΢ȻСֹϡ
ʹ԰ϻû򵽵ˢѣ˶һֵԽ򲻵Խ
ΪСտֻ½һ˼ְͷʱѯʵҲֱϢ򲻿
ѯ޷ʲôʱϼܣ½ЩЦãҲû뵽̶죬ҵ԰ĹӾȻᱻһա
ڻ֮ǰĶûժҼϼܡ
ţʱеʣҲӣԲϼܡ
¹˵̹棬ʱ˽ԭί
Ҳʱ֪ʱ˭Ϊ֮ǰлеĹϵѾܾòˣڲŲ֮ǰ¡
֣ͨȷ϶ʱҲʱ֣ΪĵʱĻ棬õȶȡ
գ˼ǲǸϵʱΪƬµǸҵʱעˡ
ȷʵһܹô꣬ȷʵӦøлָ˼΢óӦʱġ
ҿ£ӦԸ絥λϵģԸϵʽǵúúллǡ
½ĺˡ
߳ȶȣҪҪAҺ͸ԤۣʵҲЩԥԤ۵Ļʵϲ
Ԥ۾ˣǰƷ飬ô֪ⶫ´ĻҲܹȻ֪ǻĸʲߣ½ɼֲԤۣܰܺøС
Уڸ԰߽ˣҲ̫̰ĲǣһһҲԤ۲̫á
ʱû뵽ԼȻӵµĵ绰ԭлģΪĿͷʱֺ͵绰
Ȼǹ͵ģæȴʱŴ绰ʾл
̣ˣҪϲĻ´ٸġʱ˵ϿѾ¼ܵϢһʱЩա
ãã˵ΪǱˮᣬ佱ĻʱЩ˼ˡ
ںܿͷٽͨ绰ܿͽʱ˿

ĴϰǰԼģ˵ǹǱ߼̫࣬ͬ³ǳԲŻ˷ˡ
־Դסȳ˳˴ˣΪûӣڼ߶ۣԿĶɾȵ죬㾹Ȼˣ
־ڴˮͽ͵ǣ͵ġ
̵Ѹòʱɣ뵽ϵѻ⣬־ɴȤ
һ棺Ҳɣ͵ġ
նˮһˮĹ־ֱӱǺÿԲֹȵƽһŵָŴʵ˼ʱ͸̵ģ
͵˵ͷȻÿ˵λϰ
ǵļҳȻʶ־ò˼飬Ӧյǰ
ͺһšüôˣ
֮ǰװʶ־˵ſʼͣѵԼ֪顣
Щ߰뷨֮ǰȷʵʶȥͬѧҲ֪ġ˵꿴һ۹־ƺô
죬ʲôԵ֣ûʰ̣ûиǶʲôģ־һĵ٩
̧ͷһ顣

½ԸõʱϵʽԭϵȴյĿǢ¡
ĿΪͶʣǰúܵλټϲǰڣÿζȶȣԽĿҲ
֪Ǵ㣬һȥ԰ժ̣½üĿǰЩѾµˣûжĹˡ
û£ֻһժӵȤֻæժǲߡ
Խ˵ȷʵǸûᣬ½Ӧϡ
Ŀ¼Ƶ¾ô˵ˣ֪Ҫ¼ҲԵúܸˡ
ӵ½ĵ绰ʱЩȣ֪ΪƬǸ󣬲ʾ᳷ʱʱʾûϵܰﵽҲܸˡ
½ԷʱܾˣããԸ˵㻹Уͱȥˣ԰Ĺô꣬ΪӺóԣҪġ
˵öԣƷǹؼҺҰ£ǳõժ˶עƷġ½֪ĵҪȥô뱣֤ڱһ»ʧĿδÿĻͷ͡
½ףʱȻ߶Լע壬Ҷ˵绰
ԷʱܰȻ궼һĿģԭǶ֣ĳ齱
ȻеǸӣЩױнͺܸˡܰȻϲá
⻹ǵһγءϵЦһ㲻ܰȻ١
ĩǲȥժнĻܳԵ𣿡Щؿ
˵ĩѾԵ߰˰ˡ׷ĹͰȫƤ
ÿϧ˵ĩһȥѾˡһź
ⲻǵȫ˿ʱһĴȤ
ʵ˵Ҳû뵽ô졣ʱԭΪܴСһͲˣû뵽ֱ¼ܡ
ܱߵĴ嶼ϣȥԽȤ
ɲܾġʱ̯֣ʵܽܵģӦòᣬϾһ־Ѿɳȥˡ
Ե£й涨һξ͹Ͼʱȫʡһ𿼣˭Ը⵱õĽǶʹҲûϵٹˡ
ӽˢʱѧϰʱɡܰȻ㿪ʼϰ
Ҳǣ׻ãûǾͳˡǱѾʼͷˡ
ʱҲͷۣͷҲû취ǵü
ѧϰʱʹ쿪ʼɡһԵĹװ
ΪʲôܰȻһĲ⣬治ѧϰ𣬹װתˣ
գҳԷװ˵Щ˼ϾְѧʱЩͬġ
ǽúÿ°ɣʱǶҪ̹ˡѧҵ°ѧϰϡ
ãϳʲôʵ
ԻɣϴǼͦóԵģǾأװѯǵĽ飬ûĻǰλˡ
ۻԻõѡû˷ԡ
ȥ𣿡װǡ
ȥ˽͵ûعѧϰˡܰȻһϣʱÿһ㣬ˣһϣһ㣬Ŀٿԡ
Уļ۱ȽϸߡװѾʼˡ
ʱǼŶ¡
ʱͳƱ񣬽ԸͻȻؾһٸл
СʱҶ˵ˣⶼ㣬ô졣ԸһЦ⣬˵ĵһǣΪ£ݺݿһ١
˵컹нĿأʱ˵ܴľá
˵½ŮץסεĻᣬũء
ʱԸ˵Щ˼Ը磬ʵҲûʲôҪǽĸӺóԡ
˵ӣ½˵ˣԺǵVVIPˡԸЦŵ
ֱԸȥְ칫ңʱ˿Ըмܲס
Ž״Ц˾òУԺϰˡ
ʱЦЦû˵Ž˵࣬Լɲҡ
籣ãֻߴҶɵòˣ⼸ѯ籣ĵû֮ǰĶࡣ
°ʱ䣬Ƶĳȥ꣬ʱȥȡ⡣
ڹգֻһʽУǶģ̫Բ˷ѡ
ʱȡ˵ڸʻȺ͸ţʱ˾ѾˣͰֻһԡ
ȵ˻꣬ɫѾȫʱŵֱǶõİᣬڴ棬ʱմߵ߰ĹͿӺŽİĿαǡ
л˵


25 
ż˭û뵽, տƲסȥߵغݣȻʱ, ߬Լȭͷ
ôغüͷʱ, ѵ˴Լг̣
ʱ۶÷ˣ룬ÿյĳ, غݶԶǰɣȻôʳô׳յ⡣
ΪԼʲô, ѲΪԼ
ʱԶǵĴڣĵǰߣǶİպȵľͷû´ĻĿİǶ档
ʲôԵ, ʱ̲ס˵
ʱҸ˵أغݵһαʱ, ɫЩÿ
˼, λʱɻ
, , ʱС͹˾ͽԼ, ͲϵԱˣԱ˷ص㣬ο˼ҵλ, ʲôֵģ֣غʱˡ
òΪ˼׷ߵİ, δҲ̫Լˡ
ʱЩ֣ȻԼ˵֣΢΢, ȻֱŽ˰ᡣ
߽ĿҲڷԱĴ½˰, غݰ벽, ͷİᣬָ߬
ǽĿα֣²ʱ֮ǰĹ˾Ӱҵ
ԭ˵䣬غԽԾѻ˻ȥ
غݻẰסʱǶϾû˼ֻʱ³Ĺ˾غԴֽڴѹ鲻á
ٿʱʱ˲ﵽ˶壬ΪԼеĲ˳ǴʱԼʼģôҲû뵽ʱװʶԼû뵽֣Ȼʱ˵
뵽غݲɸӷˣûһĵ¡
غԴһº͵ôҵˣȻѯʷԱ׵£˶ֱ࣬Ҫһһ΢
˶ʼѡ˵մʱҲԼ״̬ȴֹסػղźʱĳ
òϣʱ״̬֮ǰھʱ̫࣬˿ҲˬƯĺ״̬ԼĽˡ
Աߵ˻ڴ˼ʲôѲ˵˹ȥ᣺⣬ʲôأˡ
˼æʱϢȥ
˼գ
ǵʱղʱģѵǴˣ
ͷܿͻˣ񶨵Ĵ𰸣˼˿ֻȻؾƵġ
ͷʱŵ˰ᣬѾףҲ˹
㰮ԵģȻ᲻ټ㡣ҾһԷʱϲǻ֪ġ
ô࣬ȳ˵ɡʱɨһϣԼԱ߲˼ϵĲˣҡͷôܳ
ԣȥK裬񻶹󣬾͸üѧϰˡܰȻ˵һţȥһ㡣
ʱһԱߵܰȻ꣬Ҫ֪ǰĿƻ˷ܰɣ
ҵϣٱһףտ֡
ÿγԻһӵϣԵһ룬ʱȥϴּ䣬û뵽Ȼա
ʱ̲סҲû˭ˣȻžӲױȴһֱʱϡ
ʤߣÿʱһжûУΪǸ⣿
ۿʱϴ־Ҫ뿪յ׻ǿڽס
ʱͷһۣǺεز⣺£
ǾҺͰһֱǷǸҵԭҲ¡룬ʱ˵֣ôغݾͲʱԼôʱȷʵǸܺߡ
ǸͲˣѾõҸõĳˡʱ
ǼȻ֮ǰ¼𣿡¼һֱյĲЩС
ʱ˦˦ϲڵˮ飬һЦؿգС㣬ֻҪǣǵκô¼գȨȫϡ
һΣʱ˵ûͣѾ˵ùˣȥ
նʱıӰ̲סüֱغݳ
ôˣ˵ˣ֣Ǳ㲻šغЩ˵ؿգף˵Ҫš
ÿ֣ĳԣĬĬ
տغݣԶᶮĽ
֣Ȧ죬žȳĻμգ˵˾Ʊ£Ȼ
ͬպ󻹵üȦ죬ûԵʱغ¶һЦû£˭Ĵɩҵϰأ
ڸӰҵҲ⶯㣬õġغݲϣٶ֣
ã֪ˡ֪Զ᲻ľԲٺ⣬ֻЦӦ
ȵ˽˰ᣬݲżղŵĻ⣬ԭյľ籾ͺ٣ľٳӣҼαԽǱԽϲ
·ԲʺǽĿ飬Ͼкüһﲻ
ȻۣҲиߵ׷ڵҪũΪѾԤϣҪľǰժӺʹԴǰ׼˭ժӣ˭͵ÿˡ
Լժ𣿡һλмαԶЩ˷ܡ
ݿһ˷ܵˣЦŵͷﲻɸп̫ᣬժһǽȻժ˿ɾͲǸζˡ
ӾȻѾ𣿡֣ԲЩˣôˣǲҲһݹ͡
ԣĿԭһЩûˣ˵߻ЪAҺ͸ҵ԰ժӣȥҵ԰æϾһڵũˣǾһªAҺ͸
һڽĿҪļ죿ĶŹˣ˭ũغݺǲ¡
ϾæҪΪգ˳ˡ
ȻһزĲȻ۽ĿҲЩϵĶɣŮѣֱ˳ͺ֣Цһº͡
˲˳ֲ˵غ˵꿴һغԴʾܺˡ
غԴԱߵ֣ºһЦ᣺˵öԣ˲˳ûϵϾÿ˶һġ
ɴܣֿ꣬ʼæ̲˳Բˣû˵ʲô
ʱˣ֮ǰµ˵̫ˣΪ˶ž˷ѣҳѾԲµˡ
ûϵȥǱ߳ԾͺáǹװһĲ⣬ֻҪʮ֮ǰС
ǿʼתذɣܰȻԼĶӣÿγԻԵúóţؼһ׷ûԡ
һС붼ϣȥһСʱͿԳԵˡһ˵ı顣
ȥ裬ȥ𡣡
һһһĲ⡣
һֿʼתսĵطǰõģʱ򣬶Źصýģûײϣʱĸûˡ
ȥ˰ʱ˵ûȷʵ࣬ԳûȤɳǵĸ
컹Ҫϰ࣬Ҳ浽ҹʮңҾ͹˰ĵƹ⣬ʼ
군ɢʱŵʱɴ˸ǷѾʮһˣƽʱѾ˯ˡ
ڶ죬ʱ˰칫ңֽӵ֪ͨҪ磬ǸƽԶһ
ʱֲõԤУȻһĵطǽ塣
ȥǱʲôʱЩ⣬籣ҲˣǱҲûоƷҪ߷òǡ
Ǳעһɰʯ漰Դ˰ҪȥʵؿŽ͵
±ȷʵźӣʱʱڸ԰Ǳ߰ɣӦûײϵĻ᣿
ֽϵϣţƵ¾ҪŽ˵ļʾ͡
ʱϣƽԶȥˣŻҪһСʱʱ˳㷭ϿʼѧϰĿ겻ߣܹͺá
ȥ·ϣʱǳԹСֶӵȺ˺ܶϢҲǣϰ֮ǰʮﾹȻˢϰϢ
ܰȻѽĿҲǸԻǾȻˡ
˵ŷһϿͼƬ
꣺Һ뿴֣ڵĸо
ƣͦϧģôõĻᣬǾȻûˡ
ʱЩ飬ϾΪΨһһ֪ˣҲûǡ
ܰȻ@ʱǸ˼û˵
꣺ƽĿ鲻͸¶ɣҲ˵ľ
ܰȻͻȻ˷jpg°Ҫȥż
ƣԣҪ˼ǵðҪһǩ/͵Ц/
ܰȻʱС͸¶һ
Ϣˢһ䣬֮ͣ˰˵ʮ֣ΪҪϰˡ
ʱ룬Ǿظǡ
ʱڽ壬·ϣĿĵؽ塣
һ䣬뵽ǿĽӣʱֻ
ߣĿѾִ˽壬ΪĿǰкҲǰߵĳԿͷ˳
ϷͷϷαҪŴһȥժӣһժ࣬ѡ緹
ûർˣĸǲ𣬸ɴͻһ
ÿ鷢ͼʱֱӿժöࡣ
˼ߴң֮ǰյӾĳġ
⻰α̾üţȴܳԣбĥ˵
Ȼ죬ŮαǳǰĨһɹ˪ȻһȺ˺ƺƵسҵ԰
ʱǿ·ȥɰʱͿҵ԰ǱΧ˺öˣƽԶüΪǱ߷ʲô£˵žҪԸ绰
ӦˣҶȥˡʱ͵
ӴнĿİǺ°ƽԶһĸˡ
ţйũĻⶼܻǰ⣬ͬʱҲԼҲһõ°ɡʱ
ȻƽԶ޵
Ҳ˷ġʱɲҾӹ
ɰںӱϣͲҵ԰Щ룬ʱãȻҲÿǡ
ǵɰ˽ʱ򣬹һԸˣ緹
Ըƽռפڽ壬ƽһҴÿ¸ѣպӲ͵ӣ׼˲ʳģߣԷ
Сʱ˲ϲ𣬽нĿ㣬Ա߳Էѵȥ֣ԸΪ֮ǰ£һֱʱʾл
ǲ˼Сʱ֮ǰǸʲôģֲɴȤ
ˣǾô˵ˣǾ͹ڸ԰Ǳߣǲⷹ˿ɾ˷ˡ˵Ҳ˾ܾĻᣬֱСƿ뿪ˣæء
ԣǽ߳԰ɡƽԶʱ
ãǾԸƷˡʱЦЩΣʵȥֵġ
԰ߣʽʼժѾʮˣһʼҶһ˷ܣʱԽԽãҵĶҲ
˼ݺݺһѾժô࣬ǲ֮ǰΪΧô࿴ֵĴע£ǵս¹ǵ緹ʲôĶһȥɡ
αУ˭û뵽ʱȵһľȻغԴȻҶûᣬֶĬΪ׵϶ֵܡ
ϾֵųôĴֻû뵽˶һغԴһɵذѼĹӣݸ֣ŵ
ҲǣαȦģƽϷڰ׵ߵϢ֡
غԴæɱŽϰߣοѧǼ껹ȥ򹤡
ΪغȻҲһǵģ⼸Ϊ齨¹˾Ŷӵ£һֱûϢãȻغԴ
ѾһСʱˣֱֻ۶ҪȴֲòϾ¹緹
ʱæպʮ㣬˳ȥ԰ǱߣյͽӵԸĵ绰
ƽԶЦŵģûˣҺСʱڹ·ˡ
ƽԶҶϵ绰ЦſʱԸˡ
Ը̫ˡʱЦŵ
ʱ˵ʱ򣬲ŷԸľ½ǣΪ˷԰߱䷿ΪԷ˶ֱ࣬ӰӰᵽ棬Ųҵ԰
ϾͺãȳԵӡ½к
ȻѾ¶Ȼû٣ǰò˻䣬ᶼڹûء
ʱûԸЦŵĳԣҸǮġ
仰ˣҲʱƽԶĳԸӡ
ʱŸӣŲҵ԰æûͷĽĿαò˵ָоá
°ˣϢܰȻϢʱһԼϵˮԼժӵļαƬ˹ȥ
ܰȻʱĽѾ˵ˡ
꣺ҿ֣ˣǣⶼˣôڸɻ
ʱŽĿʱСʱ
ʮһ뿪ʼΧ۵˾Ϳʼ٣ժӵļαҲ½ŵΧĸ
һʼǻԼֵʮͺˣᵽʮ㣬ûͣļ̲סʵݣʮˣ𣿡
аСʱټһ¡Ҳû취粻ڸ԰㣬Ҫɼаɡ
ҶһʹҴҹҲǼ򵥵ĶԸڣæôãͶˣỹԲϷ
رһ̧ͷͿǱϲˣҿܷʢӣҪʱ˹سԸӡ
ֱʱѾȦˣָصΪʲôʱͿԶ
£ƺû뵽ʳǡ⣬ܿʹȻΪǽĿġ
⻰һղŴұ˲䶼ĬˣŶԣʱںǲһ
ǣһǺĽʱأҲڳˮȻų緹
Ǽͣһ;ǰϵͬ֮ǰݾÿҶһ͡
ۣԴͣЩ˿úó֮ǰ֣Ǹζ޵ĺ̫̫ǰ󱳵ԼʲôܳԵˡ
˭أǿ˿ԼĹӣĬĬӿٶȣҪһѡ
ʱճĸӣǱߵ½кң׼Էˡ
ĿǮǻ׼һݣȻ˿϶ûǶ࣬Ͼ漸Ըʱüӵġ
ļҲŷ˹æͣʼأһѡԼͣѡ
غԴ֣ĵһѡ½ҵ͡
˼ͳڶѡԺóԵ͡
غݺյѡũС⣬ڳԹз˵һ緹ò
ڴСԹɽ亣ζغ˵̫ë;߿Ͼɣ϶
в˳̫ϣһҲʣ֪ζ϶óԡ
غԴ߲Ե˲𼦣ͳˣ⼦Ǹ½׼ģȫιʳҲǴ֧Լģǽһʡ
ֹ֣ǳԵ㣬ʱҲԵһ㣬ڼ½ǣʽζôΪѾũֵˡ
ձְҵ󣬾ڽ崴ҵΪޣʧˣʱҲһˣ˰æˣҲܻس¿ʼ
ȻɹǾٺò½СĵطȻϣԽԽá
ζܺáʱԼĿ佱ũֿˣԴ˹
ʱֱɢڸ԰ڵߵؼũ𼦣ʱ½Цź˵ԼĹ滮
ʱʵڼ紴ҵˣǵԼǰһ仰߳Զƶļ磬ѧɺ߳ƶ
ڽĿ˵ܴٿԴܴԸԸϣЧӦʱȷʵܺá
ϣˣĿģ컹ڪAҺ͸ҵ԰㣬ǰԤ˪AҺ͸½룬ȵֱַʱ򣬽Ŀ鵽ʱյһ䣬ӦҲòٹһڵ
ƵʱֻܿᱻաʱЦ˵ףԸ
ӶԺɹϣĻ˶ˣ֣һ̬ʱһһǧݳ齱
߿ƷʺҲΪԱغԴ
½ǵĻ˸˵Ļ˵ˣԱߵĴ֧æͷƷǿ϶ģҵ԰¹ӵľãû˸
ǻԽЩ¡غԴһº͡
ԱʣµαҪѾ岻ϣ˵Щڵ˼ϾԱѾЩԲˣֻؿԷٴδͷ
غݵͷסԼǵЦϴװǻƣβȥͷָÿ佱˰ɡ
ôΪͷӾͻϸˣ
뵽غǵЦݲɼϴԶ벻ͷʼնûϽΪ֪غԴϽתͷ͸ĳΪϡ
Ҳôغݾ޿ֵԭ
ԽŬʱͻԽʹ࣬ΪעύţغݵĪú
ԷһΣĿҲϵģҲܿ½һϾ˼Ҳǵر˵Ը
컹Ҫȥҵ԰㣬ԽزѾˣͿԻؾƵϢһٳ㡣
Ϣα˿½׼뿪ʱҲÿһصĸӣСԸͣʵʣµޣýŶ
뿪ʱʱ߷ֲŽֻſ˼ԼϢȫĽ
ʱĽͲųԶǸɻˡ
˼û۾ѾأҺСǸӡ
ʱͶĸоô
˼ˣȫᣬͷغݺûĿĳƻˡ
ʱôغԴӵһ㣿
˼ǲͷغԴ˰ɡ
ʱԼʵУԹˣ
ʱǵŮܹһ·˳ΪغԴһֱںҵ
뵽ԽڴĽˡ
ӽȥѾˣʱֱȥ칫ңӦûаСʱ
ȷŽ룬ȵϰʱ
ϣ˳ѧϰһµ֪ʶʱһ¾͵㣬ʱ˸Ȼصȥʳá
յʳãͱܰȻΧûһƬ˵𣿡
֮ǰһֱ˵׷ǣʵеķ֣
Ŀ鲻ģҲû˵ֻԶԶؿšʱԼҲ˵ѣֻԶԶؿǸɻԷʱһͷҲء
Ҳ֪һʲôʱ򲥣һͷ׷βտ˵ڶڵܰȻһֱ²۲׷ˣָı⡣
¸°ɣǻҪȥҵ԰㡣ʱ˵źһϡ
ͦõģĵֲ塣ͷ
Ǳߴ֧ŮŮڳﱸũֵ£Ūһȥ档ʱ
ãǿԻףɡܰȻ룬ǿԣǱ߿϶Ҳ޺˲ǡ
⻹ûأףˣЦŵ
ԽûʳãܰȻȥ䣬֮ǰ䣬ԹͲȥ¿ʼǿԳȥתת

غݺȷʵûкͽĿһľߵľƵ꣬ȥߣϾ߻ʲôĶ̫ࡣ
ʲôʱȥƫͷԱߵˡ
֮ǰȥͺáغĵίԼˣԲò˵ľǱ߾Ƶޣպû㣬ȥϢ¸պá
룬û˵ʲôȻѾʶغ۾һرغԴǵĶԱ£˵Щˡ
õģû˻͸¶ȥǲ϶ᱬغЩܵذο
յҵһ£ָͷ£ɵӵЩֺαȥͱأ
û뵽ֻ֮ص֮ǰϣغݴҵҪ
һΣ÷ôһأһʱ䣬Щã
˸µʱ˷ųϢ
ؼҲգŭغݼ̳ʸ񣿡
л˵


26 
˵εıڲԱ, ʾغѾְһжغԴ
غݱְԭΪؼҲغݺս, ϶³ֱӳȥغְ
һϢ, ֮ԺCP꣬Ǿ
ҿ뿴ңⶼ氮ʲôǣ
˿Ϊ˾һء
ɽΣŮΰ
ȶ, Ŀ鵱ȻķЩľ¼ƽĿһЩȥ
ԭе۶Ľ֮ԺCPľ, ȵЩƬһѻͻȻһ䡣
±hhhhǲҿʲôҾȻʱӰ
ƬʱǰԸӣģƽԹϵǡ
ʵƬܶˣʱ˶һҲ, ܲסŷŴ󾵳Թϰ
Һң۾˵, ʱԹϴ, ԶڳԹϵһߡ
ٺ͹ĸѣʱҲΪǵİж
źλʱԵʲô, úóԡ
ΥͣãӦǽǸӰɡ
Ҫųԣҳ, Ѿ¼ˡ
ţ̣Ҫ, ѵʱΪʲôʱӦϰʱɡ
鱣սǱߵӣӦ緹ʱɡ
ɫˣұȽϺʱԵĹӸǮ
Ϊ⼸ۣ˿ʼʱṵ̂, һʱ, ۵ȶѹغǡ
ʱû뵽ڼ, ö˶˵سھȻۡ
òٴθ̾ǿ, Ȼ, ֻҪմŮڻֻеùķ
ܰȻٴγΪԹϴˣܿΪͬĿ⡣
꣺Ҫ°ɣȻʱӰ첻á
ܰȻԣȺ̫ˣͼµı˭ǿ
ʱ롣
ͰɣҪ˵ȶȣͰɣ־飬ʱͷۡ
ںܿͷ۾ͱ˽ˡ
ʹ԰ƬʱʮԺԵĸҲͬ¸ǮŶ
½иҲˣʱʱæ
Ϊ½ĽͣȺ˵ûҧżţת˵Ŀļα
½Ľʱ˿æϢʾлʱ򣬱˵ĳԸá
½ⱾʵҺһ˽Ȧԭˡ
ǿһͼȫ࣬½˵Ųҡͷϵ̫ˣ̫ױˡ
ѹȻһܹܵġ
Ϊʱĺ˲ûˣ뵽غݱϳְ£ͦ˵ġ
ϾвľŮȻϣǱ﷢չô˳
ڿ˲Ǹ黹ҵȷʵ﷢չǰ˳
ʵϢ͸¶ȥҲǵõع׿ϣҲǸغʩѹףؼңʲôǡ
ׯѩΪЩʼתׯˣغ޿κΡ

ʱֻҪ;صƽ磬ڶһ磬˰칫ңԶֳƽƽشˡ
ʼԼҵ񣬿еʱٷ϶ѧϰѧϰϾڼ
ľҲΪĿ¼СΧĺ䶯¼ƽĿ뿪Ҳָյƽ
æµǹúܿ죬ת۾Ѿ³˰걨ʼˣһ飬ʱϤ
һŽֵǺܿ죬Ϊٷ˺£µ˱Ƚ϶࣬ۺ󣬴ҾһνѧƵ
ʱͷϣûӲԹ涨ʱѡֱӽ̾ͺá
˲̣ʱĽ˵̾ͱúǼ򵥣ԭΪ򵥵ĽѧƵ϶ϴˣû뵽µۺͲ֮ǰ١
Ŀÿһ죺Сʱֿҳ尡
ӣСʱһΣǲǾйϳ/ͷ/ͷ/
ӻװŴˣϴν籣ƵøԼ£񲻸/ͷ/
ûͷóԣ£ʱߣ
ǣС֣ȥۣҾٿ飬һٻǡ
ε죺ȥ£Ҫɣڵʲôûü
᣺ɾ֤ĸడϣҲܲɣû˼Ϊζһ㹱ס
ɫ裺û˼Ϊζһ㹱ס
Ļظˢ˼ǧʱʧЦɵԽʹԽ࣬˭ӵĿأ
һʼĵ٩˶ע±ϣϾԺܶ˵ʵá
˼죬ƵȶȽʧֱܿһ۴ȶȡ
ȪˮҼǣǣһ֪ɽСİٵľͲò
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̽ͷʡһٻǮ
Ǵҵģлΰְ֣أ
һʱƵﲢûἰΪߵһϵͳȻ㣬û뵽ôô
ʱһյʮգԴкܳʱ¡
µʱʹ԰֮ǰĶ½ÿһһΣҪκʹ԰ƾԼƷø˼ס
ÿҲв½£½ЩЦãʹҽͣΪȥֵģٵջ񣬪AҵĻҲõȵ߰·ݲſʼ
Ƿ׷ױʾԤۣµʱұС꣬ڴҵҪ£½ųĪAԤۡ
͹ճﱸũҲʼӪҵˣһǧֻСڸ԰Ȼֽ׶ũֲ𼦵ṩȫԼļ
һº󣬰Ŀľ¼ƵڽĿýݺˢһڸС
տգ޻ƵİƣգڳＫΪѵãôҺݺݵĶˡ
Ȼ󣬵Ϊ峩̣ͨԵ·ȴͨ۲ĩܱ߳е˿
ԭһժӣڣﲢûĹӡ
Ҳ½˼·ﻹˮܱ߳еĩŵĲݮ÷Լݮ
Ȼ϶ͬʱУ͹Ϊ˴ҵѾũ֣ٶ༸ݮҲûʲô
ڽĿȶȣ֣ΪǰԤһǧݣԼغԴԱ׼ԱˢһøС
뵽ǰʱغݱϳְϢҶʼñغݣغԴʺƹϡ
ֱˢϹٲعӶغݺɸ֡
һµʱ䣬غԼ齨Ĺ˾ʽȻɱϵĴѹغݼᶨΪԼܹɹ
³ʱձ磬ֻʱ򣬲Żغݼ档
ʱ䣬˶æµǾԭ¼ƽĿʱ򣬸ƺ֮ǰ˲١
Щ˼²ۣʱæ·ݵĴڣûպ²Щ
æڵ£ʱҪ׼Ե£οС
ۿԵʱԽԽʱǱһξ͹ľģӴԼѧϰĽȡ
Եʱ䶨ԺʱǷֿԸպĩǴԼٻ
ܿ쵽˿һ죬ʱﾹȻЩţܰȻ첲ֲɼӴȣĽŲԶ
ʱһԱܰȻļ򣺡߰ɡ
ǽӲǱ߳Ӣ¾ĸо
ԭ㿼Խȥ丽ҹУ˭Ҳû뵽ʱԹСͻȻʼۣһᣬͷϾĺ顣
ҿ֢״ɲ²⼱Գθ׺ͼβףһ֣ϽҽԺ
ΪϣʱֱӱȥҽǼβףҪסԺԼ
סԺ㻤ֻһˣǵ곤ģˣҲչ˵ľ飬չʱ
ʱĴѾ۵ķףʱѾǱ߿ҹͨãߵĻʿ¥ȥ
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ת˵ݣлʿŴԾϿ
ְҵԭϰԵɨ˲һۣû뵽ȻʱһĲ԰ףԭ̺ĴҲò԰ס
ʱһʼΪԼˣϾӦûʶԼǣֱͷٴδһ̧Ͷ͵ĺ
£ʱĵһӦɺ͵һһ˵۾Ư
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βסʱЩģβʲôʱ򲻷ƫƫ߷ҲҺòǿԵʱ򣬲ȻҪˡ
˵ʱԱߵʿɶһۣӶԷ￴˷ܣҽİ
ҽԺ˭֪Ƶͣöҽʿ飬쾹Ȼԣ˼ʶԷĸôԡ
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ղһֱæȱ߰ǣǵġͶ
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ʱʱԼ˲һתͷͿԱߵ£һʱ䣬ΪǴ
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ڿˣҽһҿʱϵǳҲܷˡ
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УҾȻȥˣһٹ
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»ȥʱڿأʵôСʱЩ˰ɣ
˻ЩԭҴҹͬȻ
ȷʵûҪ˴οҽԺҲֻһ㻤ǿɲܴͷΥǡ
һٹȥܳԶˣ
û취һھʳҲûˡ
ţһҸ绰˵ͷ
ʱѵú磬Ա㻤ƻ˯³ʱҲûȶ
ˮζʱʵܲϲҽԺζȴֻܴ
ű۾ٴ˯Ҳ֣ƽ϶ȴ˯ˡ
ʱɨ˽벡Ҷ½˹Լ۾Ѵһ۴ϵʱƺûѣȥϴˡ
ʱʱѾ˹ǰĵôоЩܳԶ𣿡
ʱǵҽĽҡҡͷϽ㣬ȥͣС
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⻰ҲûţʱͷϿ˿Цź´к̣鷳һˣѾöˡ
ôʲôоôˣܳԶ𣿡¹еʵ
ʱܡʱҡҡͷȻ֪Ǻ⣬ǾЩΡ
Զ˸̻߰һ˵͵ĵ绰
ʱ˵Ѿóֻ٣Ҹһ
˼һ˵ˣʱȻŤ󣬸Լĺ룬Ȼͷ
ȷú룬̧¸Ҵ绰ҵȹȥ׼鷿ˡ
ţæȥɡʱҪߣﲻ˿죬ǵμ棬ʵ˵
αȺһƴԹöࡣ
ʲôҪͰֱӸ̣֪߰𣿡뿪ʱٴζ
ȵĸ뿪ʱǳ˿飬ʵмܲס顣
ʵʲôϵϴμ治İƵ𣿡һ˫۾ֱؿʱ
ȥʱҲ֪Ͱͬѧʱ̯֣Ҳʱ֪
Եš˵¶һֻԼſöЦݡ
ʱûĵ٩ǿʼ˼֮£Ҳ֪ܳԺ
ܳԺĻԼüߵҽԺﵹýǰĩ档
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꣬ҽǵ𣿡һ˼ҽԺиҲܸӷģԿ־Ƥʹϵˡ
֪ʱͬôˣסԺ𣿡־պҪ¥һԱߵĹݡ
ʱǹԣտͼβˡ͵
Ҳ֪ôˡҪ˵ðɣһҪ˵ðɣôµûԡ
ɲǣҺڿԺ󡣡һҡ
ǵæȥ̽־»Ҫæ˵˵ͷֱ뿪ˡ
굽˲ʱʱˢֻλʹֻתע
𣿡㻤ߡ
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Ҹղʱ˹־˵¹̽㡣˵ղ·ϵ¡
ʵõġʱ֮ǰĽ죬ɵλҽֻ̽ʲôֵֹĶ
ߣҽʿ˵ǺһЩءսѹ
ʱ֪ҲΪԼ룬ЦŵͷӦ
ˣϽ˵㻹ûԶܳȥ򡣡뿪ʱĽæʵ
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ͣˣ־Ի·һ򶼸㲻
ɨһ۵Ļϵʱ䣬Ҳ֪ʱܳԶû
ţó绰ͨʱĵ绰绰һŽͨ
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ѾµԼˣԸżһȥҽԺʳãһ뿪ֻʣʱһˡ
ԭĩֻҽԺȹҽԺʱΪҲ֪ʲôʱܹԺ
һᣬſڴʱΪˣ룬һתͷͿűͰԼ߹͡
ؿԼͽ͵軹ûһҪ͹
ŶʱӦһȻ򿪱Ͱֱ֪һֻʱʱŷ֣ԭ˲۾ÿҲܺÿ
ʮָ޳ǽڷǵǰ˵ʦҽÿ仰û˵
꣬ʳ嵭嵭ͼǵܳ⼸ʳ嵭
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ܲڻƶУ
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㰮ʲ
ܻ᳡ڻ
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С緢


27 
ʰʱǰĲ;, úϢʱΪǰڴϵ, ￴ȥӾ, ԭôΪͻȻֿɿϧҪӾͺˡ
ʱǲ̶̵֪ļԲô, 뵽͵Ļɰ̾һ, ⼸춼ֻܳСˡ
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Ҫµһݣʱ
, ͳ԰, Ҫȥϰˣü𣿡ĵʵ
ҽʲôʱԺ˵ʱ֪ԺǸﻹ̲ס롣
ԭϽ㻹չ, ҽ, Ҳܷˡ
ǵãֱͺáʱ˵ߴϽԷ, ԽԽóԡ
ͷűͰ˵, ͺŻĹ־ײ˸, üȷԷ۲
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־β֪̽˳˻ˮҲʡ
Ǹˣ־·ʲô´½
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߼Ҿ⻰˵ʡ˵ٴûԷء
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ʱˣղһֱͦҵĵģֻǰʱĸߵЩ
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ʱ˵ղ͵ĻӦ͹ɣ뵽Щж̣ûˣϽȥԷɡ
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յҵչñȽ϶֮֮࣬Ψİ飬غҵдú١
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֪ݵЦȫǿغݵϣҪݵĻѾ˵ϣȻֱӻؾ顣
ѾʼϵķˣϾദô£Щڵġ

ʱԸ˻Ƥһڴ̲סڣʳģζһá
ϾһˣζΣܱ֤
ֵʱˣķģ
ǰļƳͣʱ˼ϸ壬û뵽⾹Ȼġ
ţϲθڡʾȳԷ
ܺóԡʱҧһڻƤȻĴָԭΪԼĳջڲ֪ԭʶˡ
ϲͺáҲȷǷ˵ÿ׻
ʱ룬˹Ȼӷ֡
ΪʹƵúܺãֻʱθڲֳ֮Ը⡣
ǳǳЦ⣬ʰֵ࣬¿
ʱ˵лھ͹ˣչǱ˵ĺ⣬̧ͷЦݣãлл֪ˡ
ôһ˲䱻Цݻλۣųͷ뿪
˵ʱҺ壬һ㻤ʿͻҺ塣
˵ʮֵӣʱ滤ʿСҪҺˣȥϸ
߽ſڵĲ洫ʿѹ͵ҽŮѾ36Ĳˡ
36ʱô֪£
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28 
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôᴫֵֹҥ, ʱ֪, ԽԽ, ǵ֪ɣţڻʿ֮ǰ, ȥ˲
ȻԼװ֪£ͷϢʱЩڡ
ҽ֪ƾնһŮѡ
Լչ˲Ĵ, ԼǶһҪһ
ʱʱǱߺַܿϢ
죺ȼʲôԵģ
죺ʳ
ʱһ䲻̾˿ҽδ̫, ĺԵġ
ؾϸ飬ⰲһ˾ͺˡ
ȥ, Ժٵ, ܾٺ
죺ҪԵӪġ
ǲԼҪ, ʱ, ظ
ֻ, ʱʼ˼ԼԺʲôźʡ
ǱߵﵹǺܺѡС֮ģ˿, ƷС
Ѿ, ۣУʱܿ, ˵ĹϵûܵǸ̶ȡ
˺һ, ʱɺͷ, ̲סԼԴð뵽ʵڲоͽɡ
һֱæҺ壬ȵʿȡʱʱע⵽뿪ǰƺ࿴Լһۡ
ҲʱʶԭĴܾĻʿЩ˷ܺͺ档
뵽ղĻʱͶ֪Ӻ˵ˣƽɡ
ڲ㻤İ˯ʱҲ˯ǳˣĪ˯š
ȵò˯ţֱϵĶѣԭҹﲡˣϡʿҽ
ʱٴθпҽֻ࣬Լ˺͵λ˵ٵˣæøԼϰǰ°ˡ
ҹʱʱٴ˯ʱѾʼס
ʱǱԼӳѵģ۾ȻϽƽԶ绰˲١
ƽԶͷúʱҽԺߵ֤ٵС
Ҷϵ绰ŷ¹ˣֵԭƣ롣
оһ𣿡ʵѾȥʹҽˣҲĲܳԺ
̣Ҹоһһˣ㲻õңϽȥϢɡʱߴϽȥϢ
ãҾȻȥˣֻ͡뿪ʱ

ͽ칫ңù־ֵֹģʱʱԼ¶һı顣
NοʱͺǰĶ̧˵£ֵֹҡ
ٺ٣ҽ˵ŮˣҲ̫˼ˣĽ飬㾹ȻҡԽ˵󣬹־ԽߣҲôǰýǲ
ҪĲʱǵĳô˺ԶҸĸʶ¡
üͷô֪ŮˣʲôʱҲЩһˣ
ʿվǱ߶˵ʱŮѣ˰죬㻹û׷־һľȡ
˵ǲֹϵüͷøˡ
־֪һϲеԣԺܿ졣
ͷüͷԽԽȻ֪ʱǱӦûܵӰɣ
һͻĵģȻ˽°һ㣬еְҵ»еģûҪʱ£Ҳ¡
˶ĬصԼ֪£ͷʱպ֮ǰûʲôͬ
ֻҽ°֮ǰ鷿ʱʱٴѯԼԺʱ䡣
ĵʱ˿죬ȹͽˡ
ǰ죬ʱѾ´߼ˣϣָûȥǡ

ߵ¼ʽ֣Щ᲻ãϾ֮ǰ˱á׼û뵽ȴջһ˿
ŴҶڵºĺճ֣ԭǾܾģ֪뵽ʲôֻܿظһ֡
ֻߵغԴǱߣԴ˿Ƕ뿴ҵճؼǱЩƬӦûϵɣ
ûϵעⲻҪǳͺˡغԴһعׯѩҲûֹɡ
ãһעġ֣һá
ΪغݳɹĵǿأغԴҲܺã뵽ؼסĵطǵϹõģغԴϵЦ
˼ͳʱ䣬˺ü´ԣΪԺķչǴԺԵķչõġ
˼ľ˺Ӱҵе㽻飬õһԺԴб
Ϊ˺ⲿ̨ΪôգڳﱸһIP˵֣˼ľŬȡɫ
ŮһŮ϶òģŮĻӦûеϣ
ߣȻȻȡⲿ磬ȡ־ġ
ĵúˣ//ۣϾҪȦ죬ҪƷ˵
˼ԽǴŵˣֱӷҲ
ʱſʼֿǲЩԶˣ
˼ôᣬԵķʵһֱ΢ʡ
ھСȻǵŸ
ʱô벻ҪģҪԼô롣
˼/Ц/Ц/ұۣʵˣҴûȥ
һ㣬˼ʵúͳڶˣԺ·ţһֱأټȦĸֲ׽ӰǵγĥһɶҲʱֶ档
ʱ̾һȻ밲ο˼ҪôۣҲ֪˵ʵ
滹˼ʹȦúѣᶨ֪ԼҪʲô
ʱ̲ס룬ԭôѣܶ¾ͲᷢŶҲԣǱǿнǣΪҪ
˼û£ʵҲôҲܵ˿֡
˼ԼЩۺˣʲôûѾֵˣԼһҲһһΪ䱩ֵһ
ʱ///ʹ̸ҲҪȰԼ
˼˵ĵλ쵼İþýô˼ˣǲ˼Ҷ׷/Ц/Ц/
ʱǵûУֱӾܾˣŮ̸Υġ
˼𰡣ᣬҪúܲǣҪҪҸС磬˧Ŷ/Ц/
ʱǻˣҿ϶޸ܡ
˼иʣȦ˿ŮԺ׶᲻᲻̫⣿
ϾﳤñǻÿӦɣһһи
ʱһ뵽ľͣɲȦЩ˳ò
뵽ʱæҡͷˣ϶ܵЩʿӰ죬ȻʱΪʲô
ʱû£ʵģҿԶ塣
ظ˼ʱԼգԹȻģⲻӰ쵽˵жˡ
ʱٴγԺӡ
ӣ緹ǻʳôģ緹͹ģʱǰ룬˵ʵ°ɡ
ʱģϲ鷿ʱҽָ¹˽ҺܳԺˡ
Ժ֣ʱֱҪϲˡ
ȵ鷿ҽ뿪ʱæͷϢ׼Լ緹ˣ¾ܳԺˡ
һݶԵú嵭ʱȻ˳ԺҪȥ֮ȻУӼײ֮Ӧÿ԰ɡ
ʱѾԼ͵ĻˣõԸܿ챻ơ
죺ãû࣬˵㡣
ʱô鷳ˣֱӻľʱ
죺ǼųȥԶɡ
仰ʱֻڵϣǵҽĶô
ʱҽо仰Ʋ˵ơ
Ϳ仰ﲻЦ⣬Ķ־ƲƲ죬ˣ˵Լû˼˵죬ƭ˵Ĺ
죺˽ģ㻹ǵɡ
ʱԭû㲻Ƕȥسһȥҵû뵽Լ˼ȻֱӱʹƣֻԹԵصԼˡ
Ӧͷʱ֪ͨ£ʱҺ嶼û꣬¾͵ˡ
⼸ݵģúúòǡ룬Һȥ˲гɹ
̣ʵʿվǱسӣϲųƹʱ͵
Ǿǰ̫ˡ´һӣﲢԼ׾¡
ʱȥûüƱѾźˡ
ҽԺǱ߽Ϣ죬壬ĩúϢ£Ӧϰˣȥ£ﻹЩⲻȥģԼʱȥ
ʱ̬ȼǾԼƱĻ˻ȥҲãϰ࣬ȥ̳
ƳЦſʱζһ㣬㽫ųԡ
ʱԭΪµǫŷ˵Ļʵʱɻɣ͸߳ĳôˣ
ҺǻһֱæԷʳýģһֱ̼ңǱֹ߲һӣСϲԼ˻ʮʱͻ÷˵°ԡ
һĸпԭΪСĿôæµԺ϶ųҽְҵȴû뵽߿ʱ־Ըȫҽơ
÷ζӳ£ֽ
ʱ»һתЦ⣺ʹСһֱʱҺ컹ȥҽԺء
ÿĸ˵Сʱ¶˵Ļ⣬Ҳ὾طСᡣ
ͳʱæµʱʱƬռûˣӦǱĵġ
ΪƬһСŮ½͵á
ļǺգ༶գֻǸ콱̨ϵƬóĲϲˡ
ʱͦϲģĸоǿһ֡
ǳȥԣмҩŲԼ£վǷڼĴ㡣
̣ѾָòˣǨȥҩŵġʱæ֣ϾҩŵζĲô
Ǿͳˡ룬ò׳ԺˣʱƲҩۣ֮Ǿͻˡ
áʱԻסټһݣͿԳԻˡ
°ʱյµϢԼһλһ֡
ȵˣǰõҲںѾ죬Կֱӳԡ
ζǺζ࣬Ҳǳϻˡ
ȴӷʱ֪ʶһ⣬ҪסңڶƵ껹ü
ϧûķӦʱ䣬¾ϳǶԸΪǿģԸԿȥ
ͷʰˣ¿ϲϲ⻻±
ʱ룬ʱȥסƵ꣬δҲ̫ʶôˣԽֻסˡ
ʱһȥʱǸѾڿʱ·þнӣ»ʱôôҪء
ǲľнȥ˹ֱ̺ӻ˷䡣
ΨһʱֵҵǣΪǽԭ򣬼䶼еԡңʱݺ˿
ͷװεÿŮģϻ˿ɰĹУʱɻɣǲҹȥġ
ȻĶԴҪ˵ж϶Ǽٵģһƺ壬ܵõĶԴΪ°ݼڰɡ
֮ǰི˴ѧʱĸһֱܺãȻмô꣬ٴǸɡ
ڶϣʱʱһڶѾȥϰ࣬ϸֽţ̣ˮ󼦵
ʱ;̳뿪Ҳ˽һ׮£ûȥõ¡
Ϊµķʣʱ򻤷ƷĴ㣬£Ͼ죬Ҳų˿
õѡ֮Σһܺ¡
ҲףϲȲ裬ʱֱһ޲Ҷ
͵˷оʲô̫ʣ̳һȦԱ룬Ҫ͸ɣ벻ʲôˡ
һȦʱѡ˳ˮӦñֱˮöˣϾܲͽɡ
Ȼ͵ﻹЩ⣬뵽ȴһ׮£ʱҲɱ
˿ڻָòֻҪ֮ܲĴ⻹ǲģԻؼӦҲᱻ֡
ϢʱȥҲ̫
ͷ֪ݼԼģʱھˣһǸؿͣҽ鷳ˡ
ôȫϵ𣿡ʵ
ʱ˵ͷ׼˯Ŀͷȥ
ʱpanpan˯ò̫ã˸ٺͿʼ˯֪ǺܲòΪ͵͵ԼһѣΪԼһ㡣
ҪСʱһ˯øѵ
û£Ҳġʱ˵仰̲ס˸Ƿ
ǳǳЦ⣺û£˯һɡ
ʱɿʼװˣΪ˱ε£˯ɡ
ȵٿʱʱѾ˯˹ȥϸֳԼûЦ⡣
Ͱʱ͵¥µʱʱպҲ˹Ӻó߰ɣ¥
ʱʱ䣬ʱӦöû°࣬ȥӦûϵ
¸ĸ;֪£֪ΪʲôʱһľȻǣô±ĸĸо
ȻʱûôˣտžͶϿʱ
ʱôҲû뵽æ˽쾹Ȼڼҡ
ʱʱôô磬ȿʱɫʱѿ
ʱͻȻʶȷʵᣬʱǰ̹״ӿ
ô¶ѧżˣʱСʱһû
ǣȷʵܱǸҲŵǸµļƻԺ͹һģϾʱڻָڡ
㲻㣬ȻǼַʽ֪ͺܱǸ
Ȼʱ֪²ܹͣɫûл⣬ҲЩӲ²ܹǣǺúøлǡ
ˣ컹Ҫϰ࣬Ҿȸˡ˵΢΢ףȻת뿪
ʱڵԽԽ˰ʱһõؿ
ⲻǵ»㣬϶Ҳʱ֪ʱֻֽϻһҲ
⻰ʱȷʵûԣβײǸСѣȷʵûҪ֪ͨˡ
ţ̾˿ʱĳˡ
²Ϊʱ
ã磬ҸǴǱߵزæŴ䡣
ֺңԼͰ轻ҿɰﲻ㡣ʱһŲϵʱǺݺһ٣´λҲˣ
ôʵ𣬷ģа취ʱʾõģѾöԲߡ
ֵʱˣģ
Ȼģ¾ͿŰɡʱ°͡
ȻϹʱԶ֪Ϣ˶Щʱ¡
˵֮ǰʱ˿ڵ裬˿ڻЩۣŲźЩȻطˡ
ʱܿӰֺֺЦûŵĽڰˡ
ʼǱߣʾԼĸл˵˵˵ǰ
˵Ҳҿ㣬㻹ǵѧǻ᲻Ҳż𣿡ڵ绰ͷȡЦʾĸŮ˭Ҳ˵˭ˡ
ҲЦ⣺ǵҲǡ
㲻֪ߵʱ򻹸׼ŮĽĽ˿١
յʱϢ˿ͷŷϵóⶼѡġ
µԽԽɣʱĹϷţһǹˡ
طŷͷϢлл
ʱССﲻɾ⣬ллݵչˡ
ʱϢϣͲҪԼѡʱķܣľˡ
죺ˣճԺǵü
ʱ룬ûõȥˡ
ʱһʡԺţѾ˵ģˣֻ׼ϴ˯
ڼȹĩʱָҲ߰˰ˣһһʱʱȥϰġ
ʱȰŵסȻŴŲ֮õ˰칫ң»Ҫأ˳ȺСһˡ
ȻԻ뵽͵ĶܾȥУԺСԼ°ͳԻллǶԼеչˡ
ȺҶһģһһظǵĹĺ󣬰칫Ҳˡ
칫˶ʱһġ
һ죬ʱڸֹжȹˡ

ͷ֣Ӧ˿ҪһճлؼҵƬΡ
һʼҶĽŹ󸾵һ죬˿ʼլض֮ģֱ˰ǳعϵǶλԼⶰĹϡ
ǰ粻عȥ̲ϲȢׯѩ£ȦȻܶ˲ݣЩϷչԽԽãҶѡ¡
Щ±ѰǳԺ󣬹ȻҵķӦըˡ
磺ֺ޷νʲô
Һ֣ܿи󵨵Ĳ²⡣
ɫɫƣҵľغԴˣʲ׵̲ˣȻͬĸĵܵ
ʦ˵ֻֻ˵ذĺˡ
߸ߣҿԿׯǱߵķʷ
غԴõʲôǿҾ籾غݶ磬о˿ľأɴ˿ɼôؼҹʲô
ˮܽؾңغĸڵĺӿ˵̤ԭܵģôż⡣
»͸¶֣ȷʵһȻû뵽Чôá
ЩֻǿÿعÿغݵʱҪغԴڿô˶عҲڿɿˡ
غԴҲû뵽ԭ֣ճΪľ£Щͬؿ֣ǲ鵽ԭί͸Ϊˡ
õģҸѾɨβˣǲġ֣Ѿʼѧհǰ˺ˣ֮ǰƾ費ܲ˵ֱӳˡ
غԴļ᣺ˡ
Ȼ±ôĸַعغԴ־Ҳûʲôá
ؼסⶰ涼޼ۣҲعһֱûаȥԭ
ȻϹãʵѹûסһ죬ҲôЩ꣬غԴûмûԭ
عׯѩû뵽ʮǰ¶˳ǵصָ˲á
һ°ѻ׼֣ö˶˵ʲôƵ
֣һ޹֣̣Ҳû뵽ĵճӦοѹͲ֪ⷿӾȻİ
֣һ裬ׯѩﲻɱſغԴСҲһսʱ򻹹ɵؽ֪ԼǼĸֱӸĿڽԼ̣Ȼľ졣
ׯѩȻغԴĿڽԼ̣Ϊغݺ󣬲ҪȹԼ̫̫λãȻʼԴֵ
֣󵽵֣ң˳ָһҲʲô
ǵһᵽ۵Ŀ£Ҷ֣˵ֵĻһѾͷһתַȥô죿
ϹزǱΪ²ҪͣϾ˽鲢û⣬ֻҪ漸ۼָعׯѩС۵ɱӺͺˡ
һõعׯѩͬغԴֹ֣ʧ˴ҷ緶Ҳܷڣֻᷴø
˼ǣׯѩغԴ񶼿ðˡ
̣㲻ҪֱϳУǱȥʶ»𣿡غԴ˵ֱֱؿˡ
֣̣Դ˵ûǿȦܶӣЩȻӮ˹˾ȴʧģһǣô¾һֱȥͻһֱӰϵĹɼۣǶǽģȹżȦŴҾͻ¡֣Ȱ
ׯѩȻ⣬عȻ˼λ
֣һ֪Ϸعñ֣һֱסߣ϶Ƕ軹ģⷿӿ϶ҲǸԴŵģȵʱɹӵȨǰԴЩ˵ռӵҥǲƣ
л˵


29 
ؼ˵, Ȼֹһߵı, Щ귿زķչ, ѾΪġ
˵ˣסҲһݵع֮ǰһֱûȥ
ڷӵĲȨ, û֣ĻǺе
Ϊ׷, ĪشϡñӣȻ⣬룬֣ͬĻ˰¹¡
ֻҪ뵽һţΧЩ۵׵Ĵ, عͺ޲ȥ
ׯѩ⻰ˣôһֱס, Ͱﵱغݵ֮, ھô׹غԴ, Ȼ⡣
ﶼסô, ȥ᲻ϰߵİɡׯѩίرʾԼĲԸ
, ҪƽϢǵŭ𣬲Ͱְȥ˼Ȼļױ, סþסá֣һ޹ؿׯѩ, 󻹲ؼױֵĶ
ϾعȢׯѩʱׯһͨͥ, ˵ޱ, ͨķӶûС
˵ö, ϵ۶²裬ⷿӱԴģڲǰѡع˵⻰ʱѾ˼ȥıסһʱȽϺá
غԴ˵ȷʵ֮ϲˣûطӵĶų棬û뵽ھȻΪϵһ˻
غԴø˵ͬʱ־÷̡

ΪܰȻԭʱҲϵ֪¡
ó˶غԴ򱧲ƽֱ֣ɹķ֤Щ
ɹǱߵķ羰ԼסΧĴУʱһ㶣ױǵúΪŮķУǺˣĻ˳ױ
ڱغԴôǳ׸ı˰ɣ
ʱʱֻϢ㿪ŷͷģͼƬﾹȻΡ
ʱ
죺һ֣ڸϲһ
ʱ̫ˣĲõġ
ʱϢУ޹»ĲҪ
죺ǶֹˣҪûϲĻǾٻһҡ
ʱǾұĵڶɡ
׹һɰСԪʱܻԼҪƵ˼
죺ãǾ
ͿСԪ׹ʧЦ˾ó䲻⡣
ôѡ𣿡±ȽϿǱߴĵ׹Ȼֻ뷨ǵÿʱѡ
ұĵڶ˵ʱ˳ֻ
СԪ»ͷͣǲʵѹûʣںŪԼء
ţЩʵϾֻе׹Щһѡ
ȷֱٴȷϣͲʶԭǲԼء
ֻ˵¼չʾԼɡ
Σ֮δŻһӡ
ǾҪˣ۹ȻСԪɰָֻ֮ǰĻ졣
Ůʿ˫Ϊֻ˵ԼѾϰˣھڴ˾ܻؼңϾǱϰ໹۵Ļ
ȥ𣿡ŶûлؼҴʱ̲ס˳
㻹ûѡأǵöòҪ֪𣿡
˵ⲻʱ͵лٻͻȥñҪһΣϧڣ¼ͣһ仰̫Ҳġ
ֵͳˣʲôû˵ôͳأ
ͼ¹ȥҽԺһͨ绰ֱӰ˽ˡ
һﲡˣͲòжļڸϻҽԺ

ʱһϰ࣬Ҷչˣָÿ죬ֻǵӺãϣʱѾغСһȥԻˡ
еչˣʱʾָл
ǲɰ˰֣ʵûʲôæҪ˵øлĻҽһˡ
ȻǶҪлġʱЦŵ
˵ЦʱֿʼǰԵ£ڳ䶨ֻųɼˡ
ҶһĿ꣬߷ֻ֣ܹͺá
ʱƿڵˣǸũϰ壬ϴΰʱǸ½Ʊһ䣬ǵũѾҵˣҪһȥ죿
ðԴϴο֣һڣһͦȥǱġܰȻһͬ
Ҳʾûӣȥ֮ǰɼӦҲͳˡ
ӻʱֻԼĻζøϽȥϴϴǡ
ʱմԡֻʾһֱͣ²棬Ȼ
һһǱ߹Ȼ̽ˡ
һһҲ̫ȷǲš
һһˣӦˡ
һһﲻ˳顣
ʱˣĵ֤ˣ
һһĵˣôƯȻ㡣
ʱˣ֪ʲô֪㣬ôÿĳһͺܶࡣ
һһҲǣָе£ָĸȥ֤ݣҸմС
ʱˣãڴĴϡ
ʱֻﲻڻܶԵ£һȦչĿǰΨһܶϾľȻֻʣŮǵĸߡ
һʱǸˣеķչԽԽƫ飬ôЩȻٳ֡
ʱԭΪڶԵĹһ洸еĹϣȴû뵽ϵľȻǼعϢԼĳŮԱҹŵϢ
ʱһ۾ϳӰƬӦ֮ǰľ籾ġ
һֱŮѷ۾;Ӷ࣬ͻȻɩǱ;ԽܣΪĻӦûֻܱŻ
ⲻڶϢųǵŭ˷йĵطų嵽΢£á
ʹȦʱЩۻ̲סһΪһûǰԺƬǾһˡ
Ƭ洩룬ﻹŶʱǲҹҲȫƾӪŵһ졣
ʱѾûȥ˽࣬Ϊǽܲ˼Ůѵ£ֻܰǵŭйϡ
ʱһɨͷŭҪˣʱöѹ
뵽æĵ绰ȴʾǱ߹ػ
ʱ΢档
ʱˣûȥɣ
ʱһ˺üϢǱ˻ظ
һһҺҽϷ磬ϻš
ƵгѾжסˣǱ߶Χ˲ˡ
ǽӵܳ÷ĵ绰֪µģܳ÷ֻҪźûϼ
ܳ÷ķӦٴ˼˵Բһ׵¡
ʱˣû¾ͺãƬô£֪˭
һһ˼˭˿ͷϣҪһеŭˡ
Ҳû뵽ôҪӪű̽ƬóӦø˼ܾãԴϾֱӱ˳
ʱˣ׼ôӦµЩˣô죿
ʱ룬ԸǣƼʱʶӮЩ˾
һһȻҵôҵĻӦȻҪ󻯣ȵĻӦ
ʱˣãҪʲôæһ
һһϴҵʦһƬҡ
ϴʱӪŵҲССͽЩӪţҲסѣҲֱӸ档
Щ˿ϴǸ˿һȥԼҵĸ磬ʱǾͻ֪Լ۵һʲô
ʱˣãʹ˼ԸӵĻֱӼ㡣
ʱֱӸʱ˵绰ȥ
һҴ绰Ѳʲô£ʱỹڿŵЦ⡣
ȷǺ£ˣ𣿡ʱЦŵ
ʲôʵģɲʲôӵġʱΪġ
ͺϴһġʱʵҲȷʱԸԸӡ
ڮ㣿ʱɱ
ңһѡʱĽԼ£ʱɿڡ
ʱʳõʱ򣬻۵Ŀűӡ
ʱޱߵԹϷֶǶ֪ʱѣľǼ飬ԼŮѵݡ
ΪǶȺ;룬ŮΪȦˣԷ˿Ҳ޴ɰǡ
˻۵ᵽʱ
ԣۣȺ֣ʱemmm
Ҵ󱭿֣˭˵أһֱϲ
Ҳظңʱ֮ǰȦںѵȶȣû뵽һΪ·ɡ
ȻҲķԣķԺܿͱˢȥ
ڼӦ
Ȼع⣬Ǹɴû衣
ĻظﲻԼ飬ǱʾθδȦӾѾʼ֮ûйǲŮƽš
ƬĽ;ЩˣʾԼҹƵͷ˿š
ҲĬӪ˵ģȷʵҹùţֻûпŶѡ
ΪӦһʱΪʸ֮ģ˿Լ··˶ʼ嵽¡
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˵۽ĿʼŮһϽĿ
ϴ氲Ĺӣ֪ʱ֮ѹϵԻв˳嵽ʱ΢¡
ΪҪԭǰĺۼʱûעҲãȻ֮Ҳûٸ¹ԹҲǶԼڵºš
εۺ֮ǰؼֱ֮ʱ룬ҺûоЩԼķ˿
Ȼ֮ǰָߺϲԼˣΪ˵һֶԼá
ʱ˳ʼصȴķ
֤ݣĻӦ緢ġ
ǽƬ磬ǰ죬Ǿ۲ͣŲ֪ͨϾ۲ʱģ绰΢Ŷûлظ
Ȼ˵ƾõ˾Ƶȫأ֤ƬǶȡ塣
ǿʼȴѣѾ飬ȴԼǵҺ˿·
ų¼Ѽòˡ
ķתû뵽ģȻĵĻǼŮѷǣͷŸͼ飬ڸǣǲ飬ǽ顣
ɫӣˬкʵﾹȻô塣
ҵƳмһеĸо
ʮ䣺λСĺԩ
粻ɡŮѷ۹ƿڲ˰ɡ
±צóԣԼŮѷ۸εǸ
ΪĻظҲҳһţôҲû뵽澹Ȼ֪Ѿ֤£û뵽ֱӱ
һ㶼˼ⲿ𣬼֪ԼھҲͼˮ
ϾⲿĿãֻҪɫϲ϶Եһ󲨺
ܳ÷ĵ绰ը£ҲʶԼпܻᱻǵ£ϾҶϲ̫¶Ա
ȻЩźҲڣ֮ǰԭǴ˱ϣû뵽ƻϲϱ仯Ϊ˷ֵȥȻƬںԼ
ԭΪˣȻŹᡣ
֪Ϊõɫҷ˶˼𣿡ܳ÷Ǻġ
ǲȻأôң̲ס
Ժ˵ţԺĸ黹Ҫ㣿ܳ÷һɸֵؿ棬Ǳľ棬ȻԼһ
û˵Ѿˣ˵ʲô޲
ˣղʱƼԼʦԼ˳ѯ½Լ¡
ܳ÷ʱϵķٲȻѾˡ
ָײÿ棬ԭرը
СɰҪԿɰࣺͨε£֤һ£ǾԶʱ㣬ʱߣ
񲻿֣֪ոʱ۲ۡ
ҪۺɫЩ˱Ϊ˺ڶڣǡ
۽ëó֪û˿ʼν㷢һ¼ƺڸʱҪˡ
麣hhhȻܿ±༭Ҳˡ
ʹĽʱһأԹ϶ǿһ֡
ɫʱ㲻ǳԹϴˡ
ʱԹϣˣû뵽ҲóԹȺ뵽ԼڱȽϹĵǱߵ
ղžǱѾٷ˺ͼֹ
ȻѾ紸Ǿζ֮ǰмľͷͱġ
Ͷʷ;Ǩŭ棬Ľɫ㱣סˣھĴҲܵӰ졣
ʱ绰ʱܳ÷ƣ룺û£ֻеۡ
Ǳô˵ʱĵ
Ϣ죬˵Χ¡һʱҲ֪Ǿ䴦Ľڣš
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绰ͷʱ淴Цˣû£ʵڲ첻ȥˣҾͻؼҿСеϰҶʱ롣
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ۣԭһӶѧԡĽ
ҲûôʱССǫ¡
֮ĶԻ治ɷôֻҪ黹ûǵͻлᡣ
߳ؼҺſʼҵĶ˸⣬һжֵ̽ϡ
̽࣬ôͲᱻĵᱻĵûһС
߳вٴԶнԼļ󣬲ҪԼҪ⳥ΥԼ
ԱߵֻϵطŭͨǾ˴ģรֱӰѵ绰ˤڵϣõǡ
Ϊߵİ·ߣ˺üŸƷǱ߷ĽԼµȶҲȥ
ȻΪǷ۲٣ȷʵŻ˼ֱ֣Ӳء
֣ľٶʺƨڽԼҲٿǣȻܳ÷˵㣬֣ϰ壬γһ¡
ߵ³䶨ʱǵĳɼҲˣȫԱͨ
ĩȥũֺú÷ˡܰȻһ˷ܡ
Ҳһĸˣһ¡
ʱҲĩȥũֵϸڣĩҲܸǴҵ˷˼֡
ʱû뵽ĩСȥũֵʱͺ¾Ȼȥҡ
Ȼ⣬·ΪҪȥĵطᾭߣûѡͿԼ
ϾԼС˼Ҳ֪ͿСϷôξȻϡ
źǣʱȻûڼң°ϴݸ࣬Ϊת
ΪҪȥᣬĸܿ뿪˳²ɵǿϧˣȻû֪֮ǰˡ
˵һֱעԱ͵ķӦϧɫʲô
ջĿͲﴽǣŮʿС˼ôῴӦΪԼųġɺϡ
ڲŮʿǰֳֻǾʱδʱڶӡӦñİ˺ò˶ٰɣ
һ̧ͷǰ̵ӣ룬Щ²֮ܲҪزǡ
ʱϹ绰·ߣزԼ
ʱ²ϴεСԪ̫ԭȻԼи룬־룬δ̫
ʱͨµĵ绰ʾлԷĩСٵʱȥ棬ʱЦӦȥȥ֮ˡ
ڼ£ȻֻڣȻǼؼңϴλȥء
Ϊպ壬ֻܾҪࡣ
ʱʱҪҪߣȥ½Ǳߵũ֣Ĳ𼦺ܺóԡ
õ϶Ĵ𸴺ʱʼг̣˳Բ𼦻Ҫ²ǡ

ѾԸо˾Լ̬Ⱥ֮ǰһֻ֪֣Сţѣպⲿ磬һλŮĽɫòˡ
ΪľˣڵһʱͲˣ뵽غݣǲż
û뵽ϴαعĳº϶غԴĺԽغߣԴӱϳְһֱûѶ
ȻԼĹңԼӰҵߣ֣һֱӰҵôջгͷ
ţܵ鲻ɱ
Դ۽غݺƺָֻʼദģʽ˸æµԼġ
һ㣬غʵЩģԼ֮ǰΪ˼տԷ¹μۡ
֪ԼڴҵڣΪæµ˼ʱԽԸһʱԼ
ôһ̣ʼǰʱֻҪԼһ绰ϳԼǰ
غݶյĲ滮ﵽ㡣
й滮һغĵؾͳ˷ϵأΪأʽ˽ȥ˷һжΪС
뵽Լ۵֣ˣغݵʱж⣬ھжŭԵʱ֣ѹûµأһֱ۲Ϊ̧߳ɽۡ
Ϊ£غݱøӱ꣬ڻȥͷϴҲǲܵġ
ڴʱ򣬵ȻϣܹԼߣغԶҲѧʾܸԼʧ⣬ֻǿӲԼ
ⲿΪ̣Ȼ㣬Ծܾغݵ飬ʾⲿϷɱһú
ⲢյһξܾغݣȴΪһΣ˿ʼս
֣һֱעˣ֪սȵ˻ż
Դ˵غݾε£᲻ͻȻףȻȥӰס֣Щż
ᣬƿ£յ£ԽԣԽ֡غݵغԴЩ˽ġ
յҿˡ֣غʧʱղǱֵĻȻøеĻᡣ
λСĿɲֹؼҡغԴ˿Ц⡣
֣غԴЦһº͵ӣΪԼǱû˼æתƻغǿس˷ϵص£ʲôʱ͸¶ȥȽϺʣ
غԴҡҡͷ²ǲ֣ʱʱƺƴкܶ˶ڹעأӦҪ˶¾ͻᴫ
ڶôͷӵĶģ֮ǰҪûϣͻȻı뷨غݿ˾ôҲԣȻٵϡ
ûеռңôڵϣͷһֱԼԼϸĳǾԸɣ֮꿴

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Ҫʾɱˣʱûʱô졣
֮ǰϷ֮ǰЩáڮˣЩȫȫȨίиʱ
ɱˣȥʱ̸£֮ġ
ԼʱɺЦȥɣʱ˵ġ
һһλʱÿηϢԴУЩ
Ҳû뵽Լ첻µز£ȻԼίʦ
ʱˣ£Ҹֽϻˣ˵ˣǮĲǴүǴүǵðݡ
һһеʱһʱ̼ס仰
Ůɱ󣬾ǱߵϷݹƲˣҲ˵ŮʱԽԽˣʱԭţھƫֻʣ˵ĸϷڹϡ
ȴû뵽ܿϴ˷ֵϢԭ˴ûԼͬˡ
Щ²⣬ʱòףôչҲûȤȥģΪҲ˱ʡ
Ըһһȵв鵽ЩëòͦأҪסԺҲҪú
һǱ߾иȱˣΪǷֵÿ־֣Ը볤٣һǿñݴȴһֱȱˣ¾䵽ʱͷϡ
л˵
ŮȥˣҴ£һҪһ룬Ϊ磬ͬߵҪٺ


30 
ʱȥԸĿλ, ƽԶҲΡ
Ͼţ˼ȥֻʱʱϡ
ȥ, Ǳ߾͸ֱ, ҴҲӣƽԶʱ̸˻ϣİš
, ʱʵҲУΪԽǱѾϤԵʡ
, ʱ¾ôˣһֱȥǱߡ
ԸҽԺǱԼھ͵ҽԺǱߵ֪֪ͨʱԼͬԱ, ϣǶչʱһ㡣
Ըƽסڽߣסڴ
ʱʱ̫˻ȥ, Ҳڴһ䷿, ڳԷ, ҲЧԸ, Ҵϵ˴
Ϊϴε, ½ϵʽԾ鷳Լ¡
½ǼҾпշ䣬ĻԸ֮ǰҲǼ, ԸĻҲԼ
½˵Ÿ¥ϵĿշ, ½ңҲǴ֧ҵķһ¥һ׵ķ, ǰ޺õġ
һ¥ǳͷЩ, Լס¥, ¥Ŀǰǿյġ
һ䣬͵ڳа¥ʱݺĶˣæʾԼԸ⡣
½һʼʾ÷⣬ʱֱӰǣʱܾˣģⷿģ壬дú½˹ȥ
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ϴ½ҳԹʱǵĳҲϿɵģԴҲȥˡ
㶨סҴºʱͿʼԼСǷ¡
ܰȻ
꣺
ƣ
Խ壺
װ
ͳһĻظΣԿóǵľˡ
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ܰȻǲÿ춼ҪסǱˣ
ʱţ˷ӣҲԻ·΢Զôһ㡣
꣺㣬ʲôʱȥ
ʱһ⼸պҪȥĶ
ƣ㻹ؼʲôʱȥһԸ
뵽칫ҵ˻ȥԸ̽£Ӧûʱؼˡ
ʱȥ̽Ը磬ҾͲȥˣҴȥԼɡ
Խ壺УǾǳԻ
ʱû
С˵úʱֻǱ˵ȻԼҪָżˡ
ʱ룬ҺȥǽǱߣ½ˣҪȥȫİĵطҲų⡣
ȻѾˣ⼸ðҵǵð죬ѾˣҽƱյһ۵ʱҲ쵽ˣ߹ҲҪæµˡ

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ȼ棬ŷʱûеô䣬ҽ͵ҲλԴˣʾʮָл
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˽֪ҪʱĹϵʱѹͲԼߵίС
Ϊ˱Լл⣬ʱȥ˺ꡣ
һһ//
ʱˣʲôϲ£
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Ůѷ۴඼Сã뵽ЩԻϾܾĺͽ⡣
ĵǣʵںµĻȥǸɡ
仰̸ֱǴκ󣬼ǰɱ״̬ͽۣƫƫƷ⣬Ҫۏˮûסɡ
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ô꣬жٰѱ˵ڶԷԼֻЭѡ飬Ψһǲ
ԼΪ֪£йء
½ʼԼԭ̸õľ籾Ҳԣʼñ꣬һεﶯ֡
ȻºܿǸҲöԷԭ££˵һξͻеڶκ͵Ρ
ڵαѡԭ£ٰ룬Ȼѡع˼/¡
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ʱص㿪֮İš
һһܳ÷´˸ˣ˼Ǳء
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ʱˣܳ÷һֱԹԼã˶𣬵ģҲɡ
һһҰͲȥأҪǹ˾ܹһһ˾ͺˡ
ʱˣǹƵԼЭˡ
һһˣ֮ǰǼҹ԰ǪAҳӣôϼܰ
ҲӮ˹˾ˣŸ˿齱ʹ԰ĪAӦóˣû뵽ڶûϼܡ
ʱˣӦûˡ
һһô죿
ʱˣ֣ԤһǧݣغԴҲԤ׼Ա
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һһ㲻˵ҶˣȥѡЩĸҷ˿齱
ڵʱᶨԼķ˿Ǹжǳû˸ϣԼĹ˾ҲӮˣȻҪúû·˿
ʱˣãȥɡ
ʱ룬ĻҲԼҲ֪½ǰغԴĶû

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ע⵽ŮĽɫ˾֮ǰһ£Ѿʼ»ټϺغԴգǰʱɺǷһӡ
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룬֣еĴˣˮܵķʽһı乫˾Դ⡣
֪֣ɾΪôԼ뵽ЩȻǲ
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뵽Լغݵ⣬ֿʼͷۣһΣѾսˡ
֪ԼϴεľܾغĴ٣ϷɱǸǱߴ˺ü죬غݶԼɲ䲻ȡ
θһֱغգѾͷˣغȴȻܲһֱܾ뿪ˡ
ϴγѾˣغݳ˵һ췢Ϣ˵˶Ҫúõ侲ºѶ
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ԼԼ侲Ҳһ̣ףԼһֱغ߲ġ
˼ɹõŮ;ǩͬʱڵա
Ϊǰμ۵Ĺϵյͷкս㣬ɡ
Ǻɣ𣿡ʵ
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ŮһɣŮ˶֣ѹġ
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շ˿һֱ
̫ǽɫģЦƷԼӵ̫ˣԴ
óԣƷ۵׶󣬲ɻ㵥һһҵǵգ
ָҲͲס㣺غݶ߳ˣ˻ΪԼ̫ء
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óԣķͦпܵ
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Ϊ£ҷ׷ײ²֮ԺCPǲBEˡ
˶²ԭΪغܲ˼Ĵѹغݺǲ
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ׯѩûշ֣ؼҺعϴٲȥ־ҪϴӺȥˡ
뵽غԴµǶׯѩĿڶۡ
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ݣΪãǸնԺһûСׯѩȰ
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뵽ǿĵأׯѩԭصĴ㣬üջûʳڡ
غݿ˷ֵĴңҴ඼ǰìͷָԼջǳӦʾⶼҥԡ
ڶиԵҵҪæµԼʱȻûƽʱ࣬ԿѲҪҲ²⡣
غ߻ӦǱҲŻӦĻӦͼ򵥶ˣһԼæſ籾ƬԼһغݹƬ
ҥCPۿʼ񻶣ߣغҲΪշƬ˵սҲʽ
ʱ֪ЩϢ˼ģϵĴԵӰҵգ²²ţͿʼ߱ҥ
˼ˣҰ²ˣûء
ʱ̲סʧЦڱô˶ûз֣϶氮ˡ
ʱ㻹Ŭо籾ɣ˵ͺأ
ʱǵⲿҲǻһ󣬲ͬǣⲿ㵽һ룬ԭݵŮΪţʹⲿ类ֹͣȥȳⲿġ
ǵõʱŮھҲ֪Щ»᲻ֻܼˡ
ΪҪȥ̽Ը粻ܻؼңʱǰϢʱԼܻȥԼܻȥԭ
ͷʱ?NϢܿʹ˵绰ǲʲôǡ
ʱ̾˿ϴεվڼǱƲν͵ûУΪҪȥ̽λͬ£ȽƾˣҪʱ̫ˡ
УԼעϢѵİ˽󣬱ٸҸƼˡ˵ʱΪࡣ
Ȳ˵ȦĳɼʱĹƻ
Բ𰡣磬ʱҲһʱûôࡣʱЩáʱоѪҺˣԭʱ顣
²Ϊмǵô绰߰㲻¡ʱ˵ֱӹ˵绰ŲҪȥͲء
ƻʧܣʱֻٸ绰Ȼǿһ˵Ķġ
㶨ߣ͵ȥ̽Ը磬Ȼȥ̳ЩСȥǱߡ
μԸ磬Աϴ˲٣ž˵Ĳɽ
Ը֪ʱȥ岹ԼĿȱȻǰЩ˷кỹǲϵغʱ˵ˣ⵹ʱЩ˼ˡ
ǲûԸ̫ͣãϾչ˲ѾˣҪкǾ͸ˡ
Ըʮ룬ʱܰȻӦѾˣɴԼһԼɹҪƷ
еĲǱƷͲ˰ɣ˵ˡ
꿴ʱг嵥Ȱ
Щõϵġʱû˵ǣȥԸ˼͸¶Ը˵ǰ첡˵Ϣ㲻ˣҲʺ硣
Ըĵһͷһ㶼꣬ʱԼһʱǻزˡ
˵ǵҲȰҲҪɹЩʲô
ʱӰɣǵߵҺܰȻѵⷿĵطأ¿϶͸ˡ
ҪԼ𣿡ͦġ
ã½ҴҲҵķ䡣ʱ͵
иʶˡܰȻҵ
̳ﶼǴСʱֱӷŵ䣬ֱӴǱȥ
Щȥ棬ϻҪһȥԻ˱ûоܾ
Ϸֽʱؼ뵽Ҫ£Щ˯š
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˵µӣǲôҵˣЩ¹鷳
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ʱʱѾˣ½ϢҪҪȥԷæظãҪŵ
ʱѾѱʳɾֻܽ
ûʱʱʰĶ£緹ͳ
Ͼȥ˻Ҫʰ䣬˳пյʱ½˽˽⵱ص
ʱȥʱ½ڼң˵绰֪ǶڪAҲҵ԰ǱߣҶǱժAء
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ͦٶȵġʵ˵ʱ֣ôһ˿øС
ǰ֮ǰüε绰ʾӣ˵ҵʱ˿Ĵ󵥣½¶Էڣˡ
õģ֮ǰҲ齱˵ǻûϼܡʱЦŰοʹĶ֣һҲõȥ
ǷˣΪ˱֤AҵĲҶܷһ˼ھָǮء½̾˿ܹ׬Ǯ·࣬ԴҶܿκһ׬ǮĻᡣ
Щˮ࣬ȥֳɱٰյɵǮȥõֵҲࡣ
ǱߵĶҲǵʱ򷢻ȥ𣿡ʱ˷ŷ֣汻½ǴɨúܸɾҪô
ãǻǰ֪ͨǲժʱɳֱӹ
Ҳʡ˷ѡ
ǻͦģҸŹȥɡʱûժAأЩ档
ʲôⲻģһȥɣȵȣˮȥ½˵¥ȥ˳
ˮտˣѾˣȥպܺȡ
Ҳʱæ
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AҲҵ԰½һͦԶģʱɲ˼иˮһͽֹ
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ղڼʱֻһͷӺôͻȻʶ½ԤӦÿ쵽˰ɡ
½תͷЦһãһأģȥˣһжãʲôǶѾ׼ˡ
½ǰڱзڹˣڳ˯Щ⣬һжͦõģҲߣʱ
ֻʣһˣ㻹ǶעĺáʱûǶעΪãϾ忪ȥҽԺҪһСʱء
ţûʲôػͿժأǶժӣʱء½֪ʱǹԼЦźԼûʲô¡
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ѵ̫ߣ
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½ҲΣʱ򾭹԰ߣʱע⵽ļʵļôˣ
Ŀǰͦ˳ģȻ֮ǰкЩûɣڶˣܹṩũǱߵ󣬻мϸ¾Ϳʼˣ½ַһЩȥ
ũֵôʱʵ
֮ǰͦõģɡ½̾˿ĿЧȴҲˡ
ƻûɡʱο
ϣɡ˵ʱѾߵAҲҵ԰ߣвժӡ
ͷտ½һõôԼˣȥĶҪ˸𣿡
ۿԤԽԽҶһĽţƫƫ½ûƵġ
һʱ´һǵã㿴ڲûʲô𣿡½һֺõؿգˡ
Ĵβ˵ûְʱŶ½һ£Ҫȥժӡ
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ͷ˴Ҳڴ浥ʱͻȻʰʱ򣬿Լתͷ½Aһж˺Ѽĵȥ
Ӧеģܸʮ½
ǾͶʮɣܼĳȥ𣿡ʱ˵ɨһ۲ҵ԰ˣӦժǡ
½˵ͷ֣СĶѾһȥ춼ܷȥġ
ȥҪ˲ܳ԰ɡʱͷĪAҵ
ԣƻһø죬ҶǺģҶ˲ˡ½û˵ǣڱкܺõЧ
ڣص֢״ԽԽأֲҳҩԻЧҲһ㣬û뵽Чúá
˲ҵ԰ĪAҴͳһʱʣµҴȥеǰݺ󣬻߲˵ΪûоĹԹЩСҲӰӵĿڸС
ҿժĶǴǵʱЩС𣿡ʱע⵽沢ȫǴ
ţСǮһʱϼܵʱģģҺòϼۣԴγãԻǰ̵ġԼɱȵչļ۸׬Ǯ࣬½ǺעƷ⡣
ǣҾ򲻵ʱСͬǡʱ͵
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ȹٴιʱ½ʱҪʮժʮ
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ȥʱ仹磬ʱȥ̺˴̣ʰʰʰãҲ½ĽԷ
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ʱۣȻûнҵ԰ĹӴ󣬵ڸкܻܲȥʱ˳ܰȻǼСȥ
ʱڽסĵһΪԼ˯ţû뵽ܿ˯˹ȥ˯֮ǰӦ̫˰ɡ
Ըʱڵһǵĵ绰ڶһ磬ʱ˵绰ҵǵļϵ㣬ԸкԵʣҶչˣʲôֱǾǡ
յϰʱ򣬾Ǳ˵ȥҵ԰ȷƷˣûĻǿԿʼժˡ
ΪǴĲҵ԰ʱ½һȥӴϵˡ
ʱԭΪϵԱû뵽ľȻغԴ֣ޡ
֣ʱҲþȣ½һ𣬲ʵʱϰ𣿡
ǰɡʱҲ֪ôش֣Ϊһͣһѣֱӳϡ
ش֣꣬һͬؿϾͲûд㵽׷ʲôˡ
ʱɷװԼûԱߵ½ǽܲҵ԰
ʱе绰һۣȻ֪ͣѾյAң绰Ϊ˸л
ʱ˵Ϳǰ½ˮˮǴģӦˮˡ
Ȼǰͷ½ͣЩżҺҪˡ
绰ҽʱǿԼ侲ʵиˮ˸ô


31 
Ƕǵһμ, ֱ֣ӻ񣺡ԴҪ, ô, Ǹô죿
֣ĻңغԴҪԵ侲࣬óֻ׼оȻ
ʱעڵ绰, ûԼ˵ʱ򶼴˲
ʱȴַɫº͵ʱ, ȷɣһиƽɵĵطβȻ˿ȥҽԺ
˵겻ⲻ֪ʶäڡ
ƽɣʱ૵ûǸ
Ҳ, ϵ߽оȻº͵ʱԭЩҵȶ
, ȹˡ˵ŲͷӦ, ֱӹ˵绰˹յĵ绰, 绰Ųȥ, սˡ
̧ͷʱƳǱߵиɻС, æȥѵӷŷţԼڵϣ㣬, ̧βλ, ȥ
ˮɵϰɡ
غԴսͨ120, ʱĻҲӦ, ȻҪʱ, ȴֱӿȥ
ʱС㣬;չȥغԴ侲£ͬΪŮԵʱá
ʱ˵ͷȻѾµ½ʵ㣬ôокһ𣿡
ȻûӣҲ֪Ҫˮˣ̥ȱϢ
ҪЩˣʱ鷳֪ͨҼˡ½ʼĻңڻ侲
ͷҶϵ绰Ҳƽ֪ʱǱڵôˣҪ绰ȥڿ
ʱ½ֱֻͨĸĵ绰һֱû˽ɻûֻûֻ
غԴܿ쿪ʱ֣½˳֣֮ǰŵıʱæù½β¡
տʼ½ɫã侲ظմ绰ֱָȥҽԺһֱںᣬֱȥҽԺҲʡ
Ҷϵ绰ã½Ϳʼöӿʼˣһʼţ̲סʼߺߣ֣ڸʻϻͷ½ʹЩţô죬Ҫ𣬿Ƕ
ʱҲܻţ֪ԽʱԽҪ侲ֱӲͨ͵ĵ绰ЩУѾ˵ˣ۵ǿ𣿡
ʱѾư칫ңȻʱ䣬Ҳҽֵֻ࣬ᣬԱߵҽ侲ڹƵǶ٣ǳǾ
ʱһ£ʲôйƵʣ;ʲô
ÿʹļʱǶ٣ͷ̥ĻӦûô쿪빬ڡͲ²ʱӦúܻңԻһַѯʡ
߰˷ӣͷ̥λش½ͷѾ˺顣
Ӧûô죬ȥҽԺ𣿡
Ѿ·ˣǻҪעЩʲôûôʱ˿
ƽʱҽԺһңǰغԴͻȻʵѾ˴Ҫõ
ľһҽԺ½֪ӻۣû뵽ۡ
֣ĻشææõȻӾ￴ǰҪǵóϵʳ˰ɿ
֣ɿݵԵ¶𣬳Ե㲹ɣӺܷѾġ
˵öԣȰԵ㶫ֱ绰͵ʱŲ绰һֱûйҡ
ڲʱȰ½ͱԸҳԡ
֮ǰҲԣǰȷʵҪ
ҽ״̬æ𣿡ʱѾŵỹʱ䡣
ãǲҪż侲ҽԺҽʿͺáͲ϶ǵһ԰ο
½ʹɿĻ棬ʱܵӦһ͹Ҷ˵绰ѯ½ҪҪˮ
½ҡҡͷɿ
ʱĵ绰ٶǴ֧ģСʱ绰𣿡
壬ҪˣȥҽԺ·ϣҪ𣿡ʱ룬ʱ½һϣ߰ɡ
ҪˣúúãϾҽԺϡ˵ҲʱӦֱӹ˵绰
ʱպõ绰Ƴǰ֣һֱ濴ʵôˣ
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ʱֻˣδǹգѾҽԺڼǱߵǣʱӦһãȻѵ绰ݸ½Ƿ˵˵
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ԭôССһž
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ڲʱ͵ղųÿղ£ӵʱÿ˶һԶȷ½жò
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ʱæµҲûŵĻظ̧ͷŲǱߣغԴ֣˲ţ濴Ǻܰ
ʱҲԼվЩˣû˿λãɴֱڵϣԼҪ
֪˶ãǱߴ֮½
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ʱغԴ򸾶̲סǰСʿ˵ǸС
ŶԣӦ˵ǸƯСССһӤʱһμճӤ̲סʵҿƬ𣿡
Ȼԣǡյҡ
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ʱӡͣһ˵˵УͰ֮ͣࡣ
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غԴƺҲ㣬̧ͷʱȥAҲҵ԰Ǳ߰ɡ
˴¥˳ʱ֣Ϊñ½βԳ˱Ū࣬طûŪ࣬Ҳһ¡
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غԴûоܾ첼ͺǵϰףϴѣǰģҲܾ
غԴЩղ˿ȻֿʱAǱ߾ͰˣϾͻˣŲժ¡
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֮ûкڣһ̣һǻϲİɡ
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غԴǰպǰѧһļϣע¹˾Ҳܿճ̣Ӧ£͵ǰɷɡ
Ӻֵܿ˽壬غԴڪAҲҵ԰Ǳߴϰ˿
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ʱӹƬԥǲҪǳߣڵĻᣬΪغԴѾˣ߰ɣҪϲĻ´
⻰ٲȻǶ֣˵ģ֣ԺǿģæصͷðͦƯġ
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֣úĶʱĻе߿ԿһȼٴĿ
غԴʱЦ⣺ʱСǸ飿
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˳֣ſغԴʵԴǾʱ鲻𣿡
̣ĿǰȷʵûпǱ˽ϲĻԿǿ͵޽һ˽˶ȼɽׯɡ
˼и뷨֮ǰǿߵļΪ¼һգʱȶȼٴĿɣߵȶӦҲˡ֣Ӱҵ⼸»гģٿҲȫ濼ˡ
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˵鲻Ϊûϣ㲻Ҫί㲻ϲ£ҵ˼𣿡غԴ˵ֵӾƮĺ첼
Ǹղǻ˸ǵģ첼ҪϵŶԡ
ӰҵҾҺܿģİɣûǿԼġ֣غԴְλ϶ûܣغӰҵһԵġ
οҲƭΪһѡ֣ƹֹ˾ܳԵһֹϣĿǰͦõġ
ڸղ˵ĶȼٴĿһʱҪִУô͵רҵʿˡ

ʱͷȵغԴ뿪ΧھӶΧ½״˳ǶӻŮ
ʱЦһһش漴п½һڴԵ
Ȼũ壬Ůջͦá
ʱס½Աߵھʱ½˸кˣʱҳԷ
ʱû뵽½˻ԼԷ⣬Щж
ʱʱĵ绰˹пȥȡ˪Aһô
´ξ򲻵ˣ磬һƻһÿһЩһȷʱµʱһˣǳԲ
УⶫûյŮʿѾڿޣǹŮˡʱЦŵ٩
ǻǸһ㡣¹ǹµûȥס
ˣٸƨĹİɣˣò˵ʱ
Ǹи˵ǵλԭ˵ԸסԺˣҪһӡʱԾԼ治ʱ뻹ʵ
˼£ҲסǱߣʱɰθߡ
ϿԻȥ˷Ǵ֧ңҲңİɣܰȫʱ˵ٴκ֤ĺܰȫ
ϲȥҲáʱÿ쿪̾ҪʮӣȷʵסǱ߰ȫ
ȲŸ߰裬ɡʱϣʱʱԼܡ
ҲἰҲԼ̹װɣԼעⰲȫ⣬з𣿡ʱЩǡ
еģǰ׼ˡȻߴҶܺƣʱԼǰţ׼Щб޻
ţҽˣˡ
ʱ˵绰ŷͻϢ
죺ƽͺá
죺ȷʵƯ
ڵҲҽԺڵ඼ܰ׺Ư
ʱллˡ
죺ã¸ҡ
ľʱ¸ңд·Ƶʱ򣬷ֲˮˣԱߵɷֱӲ֪룬ܱߵļҲһĻҡ
ʱô侲ĺ¸ˡ
ʱֻĻԼ¸ҵĻĪԼ׶԰Сѡ
ʱҲԼ¸ңΪ֮ǰȥҽԺ󣬼ǱߵҽʿǷӦ죬ˮ˾͵þʸ
ʱҲԼ¸ҡ
죺֮ǰ绰⣬ллĪAҡ
ʱǲǸлл̵ǲҪ˰ɣ
ʱ仰ﲻЦ⡣
죺е
ʱҪȥԷ
죺ȥɡ
͸ջϢ־ʹ˹Цôģʲô²ɣ
ͲֻȻ׼ʱ°࣬ѵþø𣿡
־ɸŵͷȷʵǣǰԶˣŷԼֱ͸ˡ
һ⼸춼׼ʱ°֮࣬ǰҲûôˣ֪Լ
ʱڸҳԷΪЩİֱӻ¥
һŵӦǴ֧ˣʱٺ˵AҲҵ԰£ȥˡ

֣Ǿ֪غԴˣΪĵڲƬ
㻨еóԣб
ɫСƿӣ޾ġ
ҪյȻǣԱﲻдŲ
տӿܰ˭ӣ
̫ɡ꣺Цջֲɣôˡ
֣µµִۣҶںΪʲôڲ
иӵĲ²⣬˵غԴһ࣬һֱûУȥӺС
ףʮһˣȻŽӺУ֣ˡ
ҳڪAҲҵ԰ĵƬ˼ţ׼ʱﾹȻ˵绰
֣ĿЦˣ趼ȥ˭ӣôû˵˭˺ӡ
֣Ͻ΢壬ʹ԰
һظúܶȥڳŵṺAҵ¡
ʮָͷۣıȦۣĲ˵˵
ЦڳȻǣ˵Ǿţһë
˸ǣΪķ˿ҳˣѾյ֪ͨ
ϲԲĺྣǹȻûʧ
Ϊ˵ԳУֺݺȦһۣЩ˻Ϲٲ¼ʺƨ˳֧غԴ̬ȡ
ͷׯѩϵһӵֶŮ˵ǰׯѾغתǧȥ
ۿϵǿϴӵģȴһ㶼żׯѩʼ
УôȥȺɼһͷѾѼҲϴô죿
ڵ֮úݻϲУȻԺϾͳϴ¡
غյ˾תʽ˿˾ʽתǿزʽ𣬸ڳΪȦЦ
һеĶ֣ҺغԴ֮ǰСغԴ
ᣬ֮ǰĿǷˣҺǱ߶ں»ûɿڡ
һܺҷ˵ᣬȥμӣ˳̽̽ҵĿڷ硣
ׯѩҹʱغݸպںƵֱŽׯѩغЩã裬´νǵš
֪ˡׯѩشЩܣмµġ
ׯѩûٿڣҲûҶƵܿׯѩٶ𣺡ˣȻôϲǸգǾ㣬Ӧһ
غԲЦһ˭һ𲢲Ҫ˭ͬ⣬ׯѩһЭ־úЦǿڣ˵˵
ȻôϲҲˣߣŵԵǧ𶩻顣ׯѩĶϱѡǽ£ϴ£СֱӴչ˽µӣԽǱ߲ˣֻɫˡ
ѾȥˣԭֱӹҶϣڴҶϼ֮ǰ̲ס֪ͣغݵĻش
غݵɱñҪҺͷᲢۡ
ǵģعȻȢׯѩҲׯңŮһֱûжϣзִ磬ô棬һֱûŪ˽ŮͬʱҲû̫̫ˡ
ⶼΪ˭û绰ϴӡׯѩ۾ˣô꣬عץסŬغϣԭһж뷢չôҲû뵽غݻΪһϷӴӼ
ô˵ҳûϣ㲻ò뱲ӵĸ󡣡غ˵⻰ʱ˳
СʱׯѩôعŮˣΪعؼңҪԼ㣬װŶԣûҲҪŪ
ΪŮλĸӾ͵ͷˡ
Ը㣬ͷӵĻģһĸвҲı䲻ǵ£ԴС͸Լǲһĵ¡
죬ޱعΪȻԼҲѧعԼʲôˣ

ӽغԴͿʼͶ빤Ȼѧ¹˾£Լϼ档
ǰ֣ԼȥԷ°ֱȥ˻ȥʱѾˣ˻ԼеĺƱȻЦŵһ˼¡
غԴºʵʲô£
ϵЦŨ񣺡ǺõܵܶϵĿҲȤ
л˵


32 
ĻغԴþƱĶһ٣˵Ǻ
峯غԴ˰ָϸ˵, Ҹ
ڵȨֳؼҲͬ, ֵ, 
Ϊͷд綥ţ⼸һֱڹ⣬ס˵߶, ع
˺ʹ綼˾æԥʱ, ǡغԴ룬뷨Լıϣһļϣ¹˾ҲѾճ̡
Ǵֱֵ⡣غԴЦһ
Ҹ, Ҫһѻ𣿡Ц⡣
Ǿ鷳ˡĺغԴȻܾ

Ϊ϶Ķ࣬Եڶһ֧ͿʼŲժ, ʱҲԼؼҶԽ¡
˹԰, óǶܸ, Ǽҵ԰һϼǮ, ˷, л½ͬʱҪҪѼҲϪAһ߸
СЩԽԽֵǮ, ˮֵǮЩ, ҶѼĵظĳˮˡ˵һꡣ
ǵʱԼȥԣԱ˲޳ɵ
ֹԼԵþУʱҲܶ׬Ǯ⻰úܶʼĶ
֮ǰ˵ĪAֱӱϰǶ, ϲ򲻵ء
ǿɲ, ؿǵĸ, ⶼȫֹ𣿡˵үүЩˣ˵ʮ㡣
Ϊ£ժӵʱۣʱһ԰ǡۡû뵽Ż𵽵׻ȼߡ
СʱĻˣ˵˵˭˵öԣΪ֧ôУԴҶôƺʱ
ʱһתͷͶڶЦʵ˵öеȫôȡˡ
겻Щʧ⻰˵˵û˵
ֹĻڼܹҹʱˮгڵˮƽ𣬶û⼸ܼ꣬𣿡ʱǷ
ʱĻղųַĴүֱӽãȻʸղˣҵ԰Ｘʱſʼҹģͷ׬˶٣ſʼ׬ǮƮˣԷļһﶼҪˣ
⻰еȷʵԶ꣬ʱҲ١
ͣЪժAժøˣǱߴ֧Ҳװ䡣
ȵϵĶժ꣬ʣµСͿˡ
ʱժһ磬ȵԷʱžᣬȻȥҪˮһˡ
ȻһֹҪˡ
ժǰʱսȦһƬޣ˶ʾĽ
ʱע⵽޵˵лͣЦһԷæҽҲũ
ʱһȷʵʮæɲӰĺ顣
Ϊ˵һλҪԺˣλĴˣﵽԺ׼ˡ
Ĳϵλ˻СѧѧʦڸĸæµʱһؼҳԷԶλʦһֱܾء
ݵʱ䣬͵˲ιʦԷΪʦѾˣչʦŮ
ͽʦһЦ⣺ͣʲôʱܳԺ
û⣬ܳԺʦ³˷ǵһߣһֱɴϡѵ
ããҵһߡסµԺʦԺˡ
ʦǳȶΪˣߵſڵʱŮڣ֣ԺҪϰ࣬ɩָϣҸķɡ
Ͳššüͷǰ˵ʦϱͶӶף̽ʦʱ䶼ָ
Ҳ֪ԺôЭչ˵£ЩʦǱ˵ļ£Ҳò֡
־ʹӲüͷšһһĲ⣺ôˣʦҪԺˣ㲻Ǻܸ𣿡
û£뵽£㻹ûȥԷ˵ļ£Ȼֻۣתƻ
ⲻǵ𣬸ϽģٲȥʳöûԵˡ־ߴٵ
Ͱ·ϣȵʦŮ칫ѯʵʱⶣԺϣһþģԷԼĻȥ˿

ʱŽߵĴæµ죬ڰϵĶȫãھ͵ǹߡ
ϵغԴǱ߱ʾϰſ
Ϊе˲Aң½֮ǰӡ˺ܶܰʾСƬʱ򶼷һ档
ϵĿûȵ½һҵĹʱЩȣ㣬ôͳԺˣ
ţ˳ס㹻ˣ˼ʹĲסء˺ӣ½˵оƽ˼֡
ȫװ½ʱæߴϽط䣬ͷأ³ĹձŮҲ˹
С˯ˣ˯ŵʱͻʶ̡Сģɰˣʱ˳ʵ磬ȡ𣿡
ûãСͽӡһֺǣСõһµϿɡ
ͦɰ֡ʱЦһᣬԭĵĻ˱ᰡ
ĿˣǰѪAҶ˵Ϻݶˡ
ʣµĴ඼СһЩйڿԿϼܵˡ
Щԭ½ڸӣɹ֡
Ϊ֮ǰĿغԴ޵AҺ͸ٲȻ˽Ƭ
ʣµĪAָ꣬ʲôأ֮ǰ½ޣҲ֪᲻
ʱһֱôܹ޷չͦõģɽˮ㣬й԰ũ֣ϰ˵еĺõط
ҵߵľȻҲܷչ
Ȼһ׵£²֮ܲۿˣʱĪЩ
ĵһڣ
ΪǴӽģʱұ֮ǰһСʱ
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ԴϴͪA¼ʱ͵Ĺϵһĸı䣬Ǵ֮ǰбȦ֮
Ȼֻ͵ʱ㣬ڽ壬ʱÿһȦĺɽˮÿޡ
겻ȦͻȻȦɲøϽ𣬵޺ʱƳһݣԭȥ̽ʦˡ
ˣ˵ҲǼ˪AңҰæллءţ̵ݸʱЦ⡣
ⲻ𣿡ʱ˵ָָԼϵ˵СԪԽԽɰ
ϴչʱ£һֱúܸм񿴵ʱѾѧԼķʽȥмοӴˣʼˡ
ʱں죬Ϊܳ÷Լġ䡱
ڶû顣
쳣ԭΪײӡ
һһô˵ҲҵһŮľ磬һǴġ
ʱˣ㣬ĸƽ̨Ҷ¡
һһ˵룬ûˣ㽶̨ײ
ʱˣһ֧֡
һһˣҿ֣ڳﱸʲôˣеĶˡ
ձӦҪЩ֮ǰܳ÷ѹեպóյʱϢ¡
ʱˣǳԵͷˣϴεվǷԵúࡣ
һһβۣ磬Ҳ˵ģĻ֪
ʱ۾һգ֣ڿԼϴε
һһ˵һգҲ֪ܲȡϡ
ʱˣԼеģһеġ
һһãϢȥȡһѡ
ڼﵱ˿׳棬ʱ緹ֵóȥ塣
ľʱټСȡAң弱Żؼ˺ỹŸ׼ĪAҡ
ڪAұҪڳԣԷں쵹ҲûܵʲôӰ졣
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Ҳϲӣ̫ࡣʱ˵Сӵ֣ġ
ˣ֣˵컹ڳﱸµˡ
ֵʱˣΪ·֣Ĺģû뵽Ȼģյ£Լµİ/Ųʮ
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һ£Ժ֪ȻԽԽ˵ȫصѶ򿨡ʱЦŵ
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Ǿһһʱ˵ԭ˯һСͻȻʱЩ޴ؿ½㣬ǳ𣿡
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ȻȳԵ̣Сһֹס˿ʱҲĸŮ¥ϵķϢ
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쵼İţʱȻ÷ӡ
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ʲôʱģʱȽϹ⣬
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ô죿⵹ǳʱϣΪҲҪü֮ˡ
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İɣαѡһѡ㵣ĵ֡ʱĵ֣׵ģĽĿ۵˶á
ãҵϢʱҲã㣬ͻᶯôǵԴҲǴˡ
ΪϢҶһĿģ֧ҲڸҴкνĿģʱҪõļҵĶ֮ģɲҪۣȻ谭Ϸչˡ
Ӳҵ԰£ЩҲҪæ֤ǲʾеġ
ʱô֧ȻǸǻ۵ˣû뵽ȥѾźˡ
ȥ·ϣںӱߵĵֲˣʱһŷȦԵŬɰ

ȻŸ񽻸ԼʱʱͿʼ˽ߡ
ҲʱʱŷִиǰСŮڼ̳գڳﶨӣϰ£һֱûнǡ
ʱЩʱֱӸ֣ǣҪЩԪأôԼȥ˻
ΪĹϵʱ֣΢ţ֮ĵһͨ绰ʱôҲû뵽ǻᷢչɽ
İʱʱŽĿһִ̽ϵĸɫԼ㡣
æµӹر죬һգ۾͵˾µףǹ쳤٣Ϊţļڡ
СʱܣȻ̫Ѿңۿɼغһȡ
һƣڰ칫ϰ࣬ôԽԽڣѵΪˮԭ򣿡
ʱ¿ãʱ̹ס
󶼲ɵһ˼¶·ƶ
Ƿƶˡʱ
˼Ҳ룬ѾͷȻôáһĲá
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ǲϴμĪAҵʱȥˡʱԶͻȻ뵽ϴΪA¼
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ⳡ̹ͥ׻ɹʱԶһںʱһȣһ¶
ʱʱͶȥǸĿ⣬չҲû뵽ġ
С˵Ͳð㡣ʱϴ˵ʱԴ
ٺ٣磬ģأϵأҲңϴ룬ҸĨʱһֺá
ô´ڼ·ԺȦҲμˡ
ڣʱԭ׼һȥܱߣͼƬɽ˺Ǹɴͷ
Ȼڼ죬һζͼ˸ʱ̤ȥ·̡
˳Ļ֣ӦþʹŽĿ˰ɣҲ֪αЩⱣܹĵͦõġ
ʱ˽֪ĿѾһˣʽĵǺ죬˵ʱֱĲʽ
ʱüͿˣ֣Ȼûαݣ
ȵϣʱ֪ԭ԰ĿαеλȦĵ˫ܰң˶Ҳʱˣͳ
֣Լļαʱֻһ֣ţʼ淢Ϣ
ʱˣˣݣͳôѡϵģ
һһߺţ
ʱˣ˵ġ
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ʱ룬λ֣һͼƻõģʣѡˣҲ˵ġ
ڵһλӰȻѾʮˣǲ˵ż
⣬켫һʱĸ֣ڴСﶼĸ衣
Ҧ˫Ӱ󣬼ʹʮ´Ӳˣеķϡ
࣬ˣҶǿֵĽĿġ
λһã㹻÷˿ǼУϾǰλЩѾ˺ܶͨ档
֣뵽ǣ϶һͬʱҲľģĿá
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ʱˣô˵ʱͳƾǽĿļ/Ц/
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ʱˣúñ֣Ŭץסᡣ
һһǿ϶ģ֣˵ҲǱߣ
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һһǵʱͰʱˣ
ʱˣ˵˵
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ÿװβһŰɡ֧˵ŵݸʱһ̵
ʱɨһİţüһͬһ¥ͬ仹ܸô໨Ȼյľǻ档

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ȥкðʱȥͬĵطȻԺϰɾûʱˡ
˼СֲҽĻôæûؿһ͡
ԭΪСԹ˸ĸæµĿ࣬Ժһѡְҵû뵽ѡҽ
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Ϊ̴߻飬һ϶εԼڸ׾ϣüģ֪Լô׵ξ
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ģ˵ˤˣ֢ûͦ־ʵҲͦѹġ
Ϊʲôˤأ˱ķչ𣿡;ס
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͸ջص칫ңȻʦŮ
ҽԺ嵥˳ʦ֮ǰ׼
ʦ͸ص飬ʦŮ۾ЩףݸͣҰ˵㵱ԸһҽΪ㽾
û뵽ʦǵԼԸΪĸҽСҲ־ԼҪҽ
ʱСӵԸʵûж˷Ͼ̫Ʊ䡣
ʱʦһᶨغԼ˵һɹ
˵ʦһֱһ׵Ĵڣô꣬һֱ磬Ϊ´λȥ塣
ȥˡʦŮ뿪ȥ
û뵽ڰʦĶӺϱ˿ߵһСãǶ˵²ȲҪ죬ֵ籣ȸҡ
˵˾Ҫȥ籣µݽǻûȡء
ͲüҽԺעⳡϡ
ҽǵļ£ͱˡƤЦⲻЦص˵ȥõİ
ͱܵǰ˵û뵽ֱӱ͵һƣײǱߵĵ̨ҵĽϣƺһ
ʱǱߵıܿѼ˷ֿķڳ屣£һĽţҽû°ɣ
ҡҡͷʾȥæԼģԼУ뿪˵Ľȥҽ
ѾˣƬãûйۣԲϰ࣬պڵҲеңؼϢҲá
˼ٿҩֱӻؼңʦЩܽܡ
ֻʾǹ־Ϣظ䣬Ȧʾ㣬ǿ֢̲ס򿪣ˢˢʱĶ̬
ɽˮӭĵѽ/ɰ/ɰ/
ͼտպѩ׵ƶ䣬̲סɣ͵ͷһԼĽţμʦҲȥ˳
л˵


33 
ƽ, Ȼ󲦴ղŴµĵ绰룬˺þ, ͷŴƣҽ, ʲô𣿡
Ǹղŵ´𣿡뵽ķ籣Ϊֻöġ
ǵСʱȥʦҳԷʱĻǺƵĴ, û뵽ȴˡ
ţˡĺ˵ſЦһ, νĴҲɩ籣ְһݽȡѡ
ҵǣھĵ£Ǯҽҩѡ
ô꣬׵ݽ𼸺ǵСϣɩӻǲ֪, ۸ʲô˷Ǯ뵽ҽ֪ͨ, Ҫ߸׵Ļ, 绹ֹסط
, ôԶĵز, ˹ȥ, ôڸǲһ񶼲ӵУ
ǲǴֱ͵᳡£
޴Ϊû֤ܼȡ׵ݽִֶ
ҲǣЩǴ, ֻſʸҪǮ
Ǻ, ûмִװżҶ, ˵ʲôҲԸ, ̬ܹǿӲһͺˡ
ֱ绰ͷ͵ٶ, ڽӵ绰ĨһᣬǱǸ˼ҽղ˵ʲôûǸĽû°ɣ
׸ԼȫԼİοǸ׵ѧԼҺ˵ĵطǽţ˵֣ôһӶˡ
ʦ¡ҲЩͳ֮ǰ´һ壬ɲ̶̼ʱ䣬˾Ͳˡ
֮ǰյ֪Ϣʱֻ÷ŭôŬʦʦôǿҪȥΪķ޵ĺӣǵŬ
ŵ㣬þС档ĨᣬΨһľ׷ӣôǷģҲͬӵм̳Ȩ
Ϊ˶ǣҲúǴ˾Ϊǲ䡣
߬ȭͷһΣû˹˼Э
ãһ׼ʱ͹Ҷϵ绰һʱЩգ룬ӱһϣȥʵɡ
ҽԺȻֱӴȥ/ֵ⣬ղľԼ˵»Ǵˡ
֪Ϣסǰ滤ʿ½ʵҽ˵ˣ𣿡
ʿһתͷ£æʦżҽֻ˵˽ţƬûġ
⻰ʵ˿ֻǽţֻطֱ
лʿ͸Ͻʹ绰ͷ˺þòŽֱͨ͵²˿ͣڵô
û£û˵ͷġ
ǿҵĲ˼𣿡ֶ˵ļ
βҽϵʦĶ۸ã£ҵԲأ㲻Ҫġµ
ʦǸճԺôסԺˣ²⣬ǵ֮ǰһ˵ȥʦ̽
ʦˡ͵ŨŨıˡ
ʦ͵壬׵ģûȥο˵绰
ղŻʿĻ¾ܲƽϲǾȥһǱߡ
˵ҽԺʲô˼ʵû߻Ǳķ޳ܸˣΪŸ׵籣ҽԺ㣬ɥ¶ˣȡյϽ
µʱ䣬ʦͿ˶ˣߵͬʱΪеϧ
¹־æʦѾؼϢˡ
֪Ҿ˽
־Ļ߲ѣҲ˸ղֱ˺С
ñѧʦһŬ£ʦǱΪķһƮƮ˾Ͳˡ
ʦȥúúģҿһûȥʦ־֪ôȰͣϾ·˭ϣҪʱú
ãǷˡ

ʱ½ĿԷҪҪʼ¼ƣһ˿϶æѯʴ֧ǱߣȷĿѣ˴ϼ̸һá
ֽǵİæһͰȫúãǽĿ鹤ԱǵסǱ߾ͱȽϼ򵥣ֻҪɨɾѴ̺þС
ʱ֪Ǹ廨ŵŮˣӦǽĿѾˡ
һ׼׵͵ŽĿαĵˡ
ʱóֻڵľûС
ʱˣѾ
һһڶľƵأϴӳžͿʼˣһЩǰΣĻͻֱʽ
ʱˣԭУǾڴǵĵ
֮ǰ֧Ѵϵĸɲʱһ𣬼򵥵ؿ˸ᣬ˼ǣȫֽ֧Ŀ㣬ѽõһչֳ
ѹ˵ҪǷ첻ǻῼͶʶȼٴ塣
ȼٴĿĳˣÿⷽȻ⣬ʱ߾òڻ¡
֧⻰һԱ߼˵񶼲
⻹м٣ǰǷ첻ʱðõһչʾ֧һĸɾʮ㣬Ҫˣǽľȥ˵Ҳȥȡһ¸һ
ǿ϶ģԺ󾭼ôϵҲôԶȥˡ
ʱеظܵǵϲã룬ƾŴҵɸɾԺͻԽԽõġ
ϻطǰʱȥ¥СӣСһѾʮˣճʱԲһȦ
½챻׼䣬׼һеӲƷӡ
׼ϴϴͷҺùոҴڻҶϴ˼ˡ½ڼһЩ¾ɵ˼Ρ
ټʮͺˡʱΪ
軹ʮ죬ҿܲˣʮҾҪʼˣ˽Ŀ͹ʽ¼𣿡
ţ쿪ʼ¼ƣʱȲֱķʽʱ͵
ϧҲȥֱֳҲˡ½һĿϧ
ũֵȫգԻһӣҪ͵͵ֻƽ壬õȵ˯ʱ
գҪ¼죬ʱҪȥڴ壬ʱ仹ءʱο
ĿԷĵطũ֣ʱҲ¼Һ͹մٹһ硣½֮ǰаϵأչݮԼ÷԰
Ҳڸ԰𣿡ʱЩ档
AҲҵ԰ǱߣӦҲаѡ½͵
ó½Ҫ˼ʱЦȵȳ˵

°ֱӻ˼ңͿ͵һֻڵˮùıӣҪȥ̼ң
˰£Լ߷ý˸ء
Ҫȥμʦȥ͸͸룬ڼҵ⼸첻ܴڼֹסغ˼롣
Ҳ͵һ֪ԭԼҲôḻ
Ľţ˵겻̾˿ˣڼá
һעģⲢء˵ŴԼĽţ磬ƺûôˡ
Ǻһȥμ»˵ʦ֮ǰ͵չˣһֱܸм
áûоܾµ顣
ڶһ磬ڵãֻԱߵļ˾Ϲмˣķ޲Ӱ
͵ĽţرǸ
ߵ˲࣬ҲԵ壬һĻЩܣʦǰ֣ȴߵ塣
߬Լ½ǣ룬ȵһ죬ҪȥģԺ밲ס
û뵽ǣߣӵʦĵ绰λʦҲǰѧû뵽־ȻǰԼһš
һֱ˵ǸЩĸѾˣôܼᵽء
żҹҲףڻżסһһѾзӣѡѷȥסһܶһ롣
Ҳ̲סСʱҲøĸŮ֪ԭǶԼİȶĵ١
ԭҲΪǮֻʲҪǡ
û뵽ԭְ˴㣬뵽øˡ
õĺǲ֪ģؼҺ󣬸ĸȥҽԺϰ࣬Լ˼ңɳϣóֻԾشȦʱʱԷȦ
Ķ廭棬һĸоص㿪ÿһͼƬȻٰޣֱЩŷҳ档
죺㻻صˣ
ǽĿʽĵһ죬ʱæµԭΪԽӵǱർû뵽֣ȻҲˡ
¼ƻɣʼǽܼαǳǩѡ񷿼䡣
ʱһԿ¼ƣһʼĿʱ򣬲ٴΧۣ˺һᣬҲɢòˣϾҶлڵء
ȣѾյһ׻ڵùһӲա
֣ھͷƽ忴ֱһֱע۵
ˮĿ6666Ȼ뵽ݡ
첻գĿţƣȻ뵽ҵŮҦ̫ţˡ
ɫֻͳλ뵽һλ˵ţƣû뵽Ŀ龹ȻֱλȻ֣ţơ
ǣС֣Ȼƶҵζôġ
ɫӴҾ˵ǵӦǽĿʰɣϾŹʣҴҶǸµˡ
ĻĿǰ֣ƽ壬Աߵʱ͵֮СϷ漰ʹ֮ͨ⣬ƾҪ鷳ˡ
Ӧġʱ
ȵ磬ʱ°ȥԷʱſ͵ϢûŻظΪȦǱ߶˺üʾ
ʱһ򿪣û뵽ȫ͵ĵޣʧЦ˽ôУ
ʱԣڽߣӭҽпչ档
죺ãҴǱס޷𣬻˵ҪľƵꡣ
ֵʱˣղʵҲǿһ£Ͼҽжæ֪ģһʱ䣬Ȼֲ˵ĻǿЦ
ʱæʱ棿
죺ݣѵõļԶһ㡣
ʱԶΪֵ죬ڸݣʱСߡ
ʱûùݺޣסڴ˳Ǵÿ峿ȥɽճ绹ȥӱߵ㣬ҪĻ´Ӻ׵鿨
죺Կճ
ʱֻҪԸɽܿ
죺ãǿ鷳ϵһҵ¾ͳ
ʱܾýЩֵֹģ֣һʱ˵ظϡ
ܿʱͺˣסĵط֮ǰһ׵£԰Ŀĵ÷ӱý
м¥ڼңҲ˼죬õİ취ڼҵķӡ
Ա˼ңʵľ½ҡ
᲻Լͼڣ
뵽æҡͷˣǵԼѡɡ
ʱȥطʱ򣬽ĿҲոտʼڰ䷢
ʱ뵽װŮǰ˴壬ǲ²εӦúʹйأ˵ҲͦȤģ˵ܸһ𳤳ʶء
û뵽´ˣȻʵɡ
νʵɣǾǴԭϵһɡ
½ߵ׸պۣȥ׻ȻɿŽʯĥƣƳ׺Ȼɡ
ʱΪɵؿǱߵλαȷǻЩ
֣üҪս²ǣҵ׵ʯĥǸйµʯĥ
֣ĻʱɲйµʯĥȻ֪
׵ֱӱͳаˣһΪżҺҵЦһѡ
׵Ѿǰѡãͳȥ׵·ϣǵӰΧĻ;л⾭˪AҺ͸ٲҵ԰
ӰС绹˸ٲҵ԰԰ܵļһд
Сóԣô༦
ɫϺСôɰôܳأ
ӻǻˣ֮ǰʹ԰ϰЩֱӹũֵģϾũֵɫǲӣҪĽÿԳˡ
żǴ󵨳壬滹̿ǼһļǮ
˭û뵽ӰСͻдȻ˼ۣһֱ̾ʾƷ¼ܡ
û򵽵ֱֻ亿ɤӡ
ͳ׵ɱ䣬ʱǵı¨Ѿˣ̲סӰСǱ˷ܵĶ飬ˣðˡ
ԭ֭ԭζɳڸЩ֣ǲһܽܣһֳԷǰö˳ԣҲһܳϰߡ
֪ӰС˹ֱֱӳ˷ܶ磬㣬ʱǱˡ
˳˫̥׵Щ£Ϊʲô
ֱΪӰС仰ֱըˡ
ٳʱҲ
ӲǸʱ
ҵĽӲóԣʱȥˣ͸
һ˵ܿõ֤ʵΪ԰Ŀٲʱͽֱ֧ʾл
óԣ˲лˣ˫Ƕ/ӽƵģŻʱˡ
Ұӣʱģô࣬ûꡣ
ǵţʱʱǲŹӺŲ迴Ͷ
ɫ¥ϵǸʦѧ⿼˽///ͷ/ͷ/
ΣǸ쵼СЬС磬һŭ֮´ְȥУôһ룬ʱ֮ͬ/ͷ/
Сè䣺ǰʦÿαùѪͷҿ˷/ͷ/
ӰСǾ仰ֱȶ˲ӣǻͻȻСܵǱ߸˵ʲô
ɫ£äһθʱϴȥˣ̫˷ܣһʱ
տҪҲʱǣҪ̫࣬Ȼɣɣ绹óɡ
ĿģƹһΣҿйصĶҪ˵NO
ΪС˫ûټף׼¨صǵСԺȻûбðɣ̫ˣ
ν㣬кǱߡ
ȵױСԺһĸпǵСʱ򣬰׷˳ԣԵǺڵġ
׼˺׵ʱ򣬵ڶַ뽫˺µ׿ȥιţ
һͷţԵЩ׿Ƕ͹ιţɹţյһ齫õ
ͷţţһֲǵĸоҶһ
ΪŮСһ飬ӲͷƤԸµһϣţԾˣߺߡ
ʱҰܵЬӶܵȺᶼˡ
״ļ򣺡£ţһ㲻˵ġ
˵źǰȥţι׿ǣţͷԵʱ򣬳һ㣬Ҧ˳Ƭ
Сʱ򻹷ŹţҲöûӴˡЩСũ峤ҲԸյԭ
ʱֺЦؿ棬ԼµҪǰ
Ȼ룬ҲףʵǺ󱲣ܲǰǰͷȻǰ֪಻ţͲôˡ
߳˳õӰһʤ
ιţ͸ĥˣʱʱ֪֣˵йµʯĥô¡
ԭʯĥ⻧˼ϴģѾʷˣڳ䶼
ĥʱ䣬ʱһֻŷиδ磬´ģǱʲô£֣˸кȥ˰ĵط˹ȥ
ǲǴŵ㹤ˣµӵ绰ͷ
ᣬ̴绰ʲô𣿡ʱʵ
˵ڸ˵Ǹ羰Ư⼸찢ܰչһ𣿡Щ
ˣϴγչˣҿ϶úд硣ʱЦŵ
ʱ£ĩ⺢ʲôһֱﲻ˵ȥɲǺ£߾鷳ජһ㡣
̣һģġʱû뵽߷ɵıȻԭһʱ䣬ζӳ¡
ȵʱ绰ͷҲĥ˳Ϊףüˮֱĥ״׺
ȵʯĥĻڽ߹˽ĽǾʤһ飬ܲһɣǾղ𼦵ɡ
鱾ʿȣŮһԲ𼦺ɡ
ʣµǼױΪ˶ž˷ѣǵóŶ
ݵĻֱĹЦһţȻǲˡ
ֱɣתƵũǱߡ
ʱʱ䣬͹ԼҲԲ𼦣ϾΨһʳũǱߡ
½˵绰׼Լ͡
ǱֱڼѾʱ°ʱ䣬֣кֱ뿪ˣʱ䣬Ҳõˡ
ʱһֱΪԼû뵽ľȻ⳵
ȿţʱԭǰӹ䣬˵˶֣뵽µЩĻ˻ȥ
˵绰Ȼʾ䣬õǿ϶
ʱ̧ͷһۣ˵ûУ𣿡
ﲻЦ⣺סĵطҴŻһڡ
֮ǰ֪˵£ǵķ䶼¥ϵķ䣬ûһ¥ʵķ䡣
Ǿ鷳㡣;õڰ
ôҪҲ𣿡ʱ˵ֳǱ߿һۣŴŵЬֻһɴ
ãߡ߲Ҫ̫Ӱ첻Ǻܴ
Ȼش֧Ǳ߰ɡʱֻ鷳ǰŴ¡
͸ʱ߲߿ȥԶе˶ð
ǰ·˲ͣ£Ϊкˣ룬Ե
ʱע⵽Լк۹ⶼ᲻סƳƺں֮Ĺϵʱ룬˱Ƚϴӣ֪ҲҲ¡
ʱĵ̫ˣյſڣͿ֧һЦؿСʱѹ
壬ѡʱ궢Լֱߵ䣬ƺȷʵᡣ
ˣСӣ֧к͹
ʱûǹεģΪˣ鷳æҸסһ¥ķ䡣
Ȼεģ֧Ȼû뵽ôˣ֮ǰ˵ʲôȫԿʼء
ԺͶ˶ȼٴ壬ɫҲռһϯ֮أţ֧鲻ɱü
ʱĻæһ¥˯֮ǰһֱûסˣС㿴𣿡
һ¥ҵĴܿͷĺӱߣȻ󣬵ֻ͵˵ͷǾ߰ɡ
ȥҴ֧˵
ãҴˡΪҽҲôһСڵġ
У´ɨһ鷿䣬Լ̴֧˵ſʼ޴ɨ¡
һʱ䣬ֻʣˣʱȴƳĬҪȥԷ
˵ڷߴ𣿡¶⡣
һҪԵõʱ뿪Ц
Ǿ͹ˡ˵괽ǲ
СʱѽŲ㣬ҪҪá֧ʵǹ½׼ģ½ûϡ
ʱͣ룬ͺܿ촹ãǾ鷳ҹȥˡ
ȵ֧óΣʱһͣʾȥȷúʱߵİ֣˷ܣҽ
ĻʹǲԾȻʱԽ͡
ãͣʱ˵Ƶһûƶŷǰи׵ż̲סʹ̵֣û뵽ֱƷΣϱߵҲˤڵϡ
л˵
/֣ǼԶôôڿ֣˳Ԥۣ
иϵͳ
ԴӸһֱֱлһμۣ֪ˡ
ֵһѺദΪѣڶ䵱ᣬ˳ƱøС
úĸ׶԰ʱڽеһ
ȻΪѣóֻеĵεΣֵһ΢źѡ
ԹĿĵģǣվˣ

ԴӸоͰس֣鱻ܡ
ĳγ콵ϵͳֻҪľܱ˹顣
԰ϵͳʾμۣҲ˳Ϻѡ
Щԡ
һϵͳݮţ̣ƫƫҪ㽶ţ̣Լǵ㽶
ڶϵͳ񿪳ֿ䣬˼ʻ
ϵͳֿƬǰѡ˿ֲƬ
죬죬N죬ֺ͸ԶŸɵһ졣
ԣ֪ˣ군ˣǲˣ


34 
ʱ, ʱܹػʮ֮ǰһܾ½ĺ, ǵ͵ԹҲá
ܶں, ڵ֮ǸϽͷǱǸԲ𣬶Բ, Ҳǹģû°ɣ
κˡˤڵϵһ, ˶µģǡɱ£˵ˡ
ʱ⻰ɫˣͼ״ŷԼĻ壬æ͵ֻ, ûôء
ʱĴ֧ҲӷƵƽԺ, Ȼ, Ȼ˵š
𣿴ϵ򿴵, СʱҪѹȥ, ҪȥҽԺ֧֪Щ˲δϵĴҽ, һ顣
ȥľɣĸƬӡʱŷġ
ãû˵ͷһεľ, ʮֿ϶û˵ͷ
ϴαҵĵطΪ֮ǰûעЬ, űĥƣԲɴ, ɴȫǻ, Ϊ˱Ⱦ, øϽɴǡ
ʱЩģͼ֣ȥǱߡ
ȵɴ𿪺ʱͿ͵ŶǺ׵״̬űӦǲˣ滹Ѫ˿
ʱž;ۣ͵һ治ɫҩֻŲҪ
ʱһھΣͻȻڣ˵ҪҳԷ𣬸òǷ˰ɣ
ʱ˿Ѿû˳Է飬Ͷ˵ˣЦЩǿãȥԷ
û£õġ˵ǣղŵһˤɢ˲١
ʱû˵ֻũǱߡ
ʱĿѾǱˣԶԶʱǰ͹մкԵõûλõ¡
Ŀĥõ׽ߣҶڽɫ˶ڴ
ۼķ׼ʱ뵽췢״ס˴кĳ嶯
Ŀڴ¼ƣʱȥİ䣬Ƴ豸Щ⣺ʲô𣿡
ţһ԰գҲǽյʱ͵
ˡ֮ǰȦݣƾΪĿ׼
ΪղǸСҲܿ˸߷ڣϾĿòܶ࣬˸ãվͿʼϲˡ
ڵĲ𼦣ԵĿɶûڡʱùһ⡣
һ·ʱѾȶѾˣûõҪúÿǽİš
ԭΪֻǵɣ뵽µĻʱ̧ͷһۡ
Ŀ⣬Ͷߣô
ζôʱʵҲ֪ôο˭ڱϻԼϿкܴġ
ԱЩ԰ԣжԺá
ܺóԡ͵˵ͷζȷʵ֮ǰԵĲһ´лԴ˹ԡ
ˣ㻹ǵϴǸСӤ𣬾½Ůҵģס¥ŶʱСӣǵЦݶ
Ӧÿ˰ɣͻǵΡ
ţˣСһڱðװ۵ģɰˣҪ𣿡ʱֻСӵƬ
ΪСӽọ̈̄ԶСӣʱһ۰
ʱеڴͲľܾǽӹݹֻ
󷭷Сһ˯ʱ򻹻Цء
ʵò࣬ʱĻò滮ţСһƬЦŵͷ϶ʱ˵ȷʵܿɰ
ǳʱĿҲɢòˣʱɫѾû·ƣʹԼֻͲ
ˣҲû˳ˣԴϳ˳ûˡ
ʲôţʱ룬ճǱˡ
ڴ洦תתʵߣͻЩӱģ֪ԣϻһΡ
㡣ʱǵĶĽŲõѡǼΡ
ãԼУİңҸڡʱ顣
ûȤȥ¼ƽĿʱʵ
ȥ𣿡⵹;ˣΪҪ峡ء
ԵģֻҪ㲻ľͺáʱͶЩӦûȤġ
ģżҲҪµЦŵ룬ȻˣҪ㲻һġ
ǻȥʱ½ǻڳԷʱ˾飬˳żƽȥ
ѱЩó̺áʱ룬һܣЩ¶а˲ǡ
һΣûƴǣԼǰ׼õļ׵ݸ鷳ˡ
ʱĶ⵹ǳ͵ϣ룬ÿκ棬ܻԼĳӡ
½극͸һ¥Ĳ֣Ҳ
ȷͲҪԼİʱ¥æµһ죬û˶ŪСӵ˼ֱ¥
üģҵһ죬ƣ룬ȵϴϺпմֻŷСʱǰ淢΢źը
һһʵԷ˧˭
һһãʲô
һһˣԼỹû/Ц/
ʱʧЦǷḻ
ʱˣ׵ʱ㻹ۡ
һһҪתƻ⣬ң˭
ʱˣһѡ
һһ˭Ҫֹٷ˵Ҫһ㾢ġ
ʱˣŶ˵ҵծĽɵġ
һһûĹϵˣʧ/ʧ/
ʱˣȻûУʲôء
һһðɣ˯ˣ컹֪ʲôء
ʱˣ˯ɡ
¼һ죬ʱʵҲЩƣ룬˯ţ뵽͵Ľţǲûȥˡ
˯ŵĳʱһ¥ͣȻԼıͻЩ˯š
İĻЩ˯ţſȦ£Ȼʦķ޲ϣԷֱӰ˷ͥ
Ϊ£û˼Ȧ˼ֱӹصֻһԣͷϵ컨壬ٳû˯⡣
ĳںҹԵԽ;Լ˼Ҳų˷

԰սһֱӳѣ˲ٹעȻ۵λͳҲ˲ȶȡ
ر˫׵صһΣôЦҲ֤˻е츳ġ
Դǲɱվûرľ籾Ŀλʹǰһûкõľ籾ԸҲҪĽӡ
һ㣬ܵǴ˹ʶ
ԭΪӰҵصǲ磬ڿ԰ⲿա
վã֣ǹģһʼϢ˵ôģԹ˾Ըμյ˲ࡣ
ǰ˵˼αݣôһȡգƹӰҵĲ֣뵽յɫɰ
ƺ֪뷨Ȱ˵ѳɶ֣Щеûġ
֪磬ֻЩġղɿЦһ
Ĳģ֣ɺѾǲ磬ǣ˾Ů˭ĿλܺᲢۣ
ȷʵ֣ܵĴϾǰôұˡҲźմĿϾ԰ȶȰ
һʼƺˡմסԼ
имαûкʵľ籾£Ҿԡ˵ŰѽĿ鷢̵ݸա
֪֣ڣ˾ԴֲˣҪܵûоܾ顣
غߺϵĽӴҲ˳֮ǰ˵ղμˣԷǻͷڵĻظģɣغһȾߡ
ܣǱߵ˼ǣһǩͬʱһϲؽϢ
ú׼һǩԼغݵҲЩУϾһѾ˺ܾá

ʱΪԼùˣû뵽¥ʱѾԺˣ߹ȥ
Ȼݼ٣ô˯һ
תͷʱϰˡ
ĽźЩ𣿡ʱ룬еĻȥҽԺһ˱ȽϷġ
ҩЧͺܿ϶ҽ
Ǿͺã³˷ֱȥ¼ֳǱߣ㻹Ҫ׼ʲô𣿡ʱʵ
ҡҡͷʾԼҪ׼
緹ʱȥĿǱߵʱϰԵ˸԰Ǳڴļ
ϲȦѵ÷һѵ˵ʱΪܺ棬֪ԼΪԭ
ãҲͷһ֣˵¾ͷߺʹҷõ罻²۳Ȼȫöܡʱ˵껹⿴һۣϣԼ˼
˵أһ̡
ҵ΢СųԹ⣬²żԼ뷨һԵشȥ˲ܶ࣬Ҳԡʱһֱãûģÿ˶ҪйԿСºǸѡ
ǰһ˼
ʱǵʱ򣬽ĿߵĹԱվλαǵֱɷǹϡ
֣ʱǹüǣ
ѣʱ͵
֣͵Ŀ˴ܿջĿתʱ˵
ʱڴĴ廷ڣʱЩ棺ѵҪǸѧϰ壬һʱҲѧʲôɣ
ѧϰ˽⣬Ĵַֹѧϰһ죬װŮѻδĶ˻Ϸ˶ֲͬߡ֣ͱർġ
ϾαƽʮӣߵʲôδҲ̫Ϊǡ
ԽܿЩƷʱЩȡ
֣ͷԣаװŵļ¡
ʱɫɱøڴԱߵͿתҲڴ
˵䣬λα½ߵļϵأע⵽ÿαŵӰԼϵʱǰճ
һ̣;ȻʱȦԭʼ
濴ʱԱߵͲЩȣ漴ʱĻɳʱȥ⻹ծĶôϲɣ
Ǳ߱ർܿһϷжŮӷֱǩȻϵʾĸҵĸӾӮˡ
ȻӮ˵Ķн
Ȼ׷ǣλ˫ܰҶӡüû뵽Ŀ뵽ݡ
ľȣʱĿ벽Ȼ֣ͣһִٳɵģϵˣǴ߿һȼٴĿҲǰڵɡ
òӦòȱشʱ򣬻ǣѾǲϴοʲôʱˡ
ôʱʵ
ܺã˲ԾطڴϣܿǱæµĴ
ڻũæʱǱͲ硣
ȵЩͲ˻߻Ưʱ½ֻ￴ߵͲ˻
ãʱһȦͻʹһĨǳǳЦ
ΪӻڰѰҰװǵļңʱɴָָͣǱߵСӣҪȥԵ𣿡
𣿡ͻȻʵ
Կڴһ𣿡ʱû˵룬Ҳû˵롣
ãȥԡ룬ȻǶȼô԰ɡ
Ҹ½ͣ½ɱˣҪһ㡣ʱóοˣֻǾð鰲һ㣬Ӧþûʱ˼˰ɡ
ãһע⡣˵ϴε㻹Ǳҵһô궼ûٵӦòһ㶼ɡ
ȵǱߴһӻʱͼװżҵС¥ȥ
ƵٶȾܸܵãҲȾĪ
ʤѷ֣ǰװŮؽԱߵĸƷ̲סʵЩֹ𣿡
ԵģǴֹΪڽϳټϼ۸ԭÿµĶޡװŮ͵
ʱǱߵȣҲߣЩĶŵʱʵ̵ơ
ǰƷôҾȣôչʾļ¾ôҾ̾
̵Լļ£Ϊһ㣬Ĳʵһ㣬̾廨˹򡣡
˶ּ𣿡ЩʵϾڵĻѡ̫ࡣ
еģͦ࣬ޣÿӲ˼ס
չʾƷǷɫʱ򣬳ֱӷˣ˼Щںɫֲ壬߹ƾ͸ˡ
ƽǲῴյģԵһ֪ԭҲͦ˼ġ
һ̧ͷͿͷʱһغ֣˵ʲô
֮ǰյ֪˹λľϣҲ᲻ӦǷòƽ
֪ԼˣԺӦͬȰݹһ̣ΪԼ֮ǰӱΡ
ʱں֣̣ǱͶߣתͷ͵ĺ¶һЦ
ʱЦͻȻ𣬺Լÿģ֮ǰҽԺЦҲû¡
뵽İ취ֻ΢ŻѧʱģѾüûз̬ˡ
һյƬͣǺķôǰԼŽȥʼСš
Сŵĵһ̬ʦȥҷŭһ˿ңôҴŻĴһܰɣʱǲһ¡
ͳȥһ̣͸һĵĳ嶯ɢһЩ
һУлţʼʱ֣֪ʲôϲԼ֪
ʱϢ̫࣬ڵһСʱ籣
ֱӵ˽ȥ¼ֳͺ֣ûΪŵƵͶߣԾС
ⲻ͵һοʱƷӣǵǵһμ棬ʱǴƷ
ʱ߽ߣƳֻϵĻ棬Ļ˺ȻԼ룬ǲǸңͿĲ¾ʮǲ硣
ͿʱƵڲţڿۣѵ٩Сʱʲôʱ򿪿Σ´һ׼ʱ
СʱʱͣʱֻԼÿ죬ľְһˡ
ոҰķԣȷʵá⻰ҲͻȻ΢ԭ
þͺãǵùرԶλֻʱ
ţرˣڻǰ˺𣿡͵㿪Ǹ˺ԭǸ
ʱҡҡͷûˣСţһͬǻ
ǻעһ£;ʱȦӦҲɡ
ðʱԼڵ˺źͻأ̵绰΢źֶһϵʽ
αǱ߻ߵƷ֣żʱ˳Ƭûտֱ˼ȥ
ʱҪɫĥˡ
Ӹղź֣е֪ߺ绹Ҫֱɫɫߣͷ˺üֺ죬ʱƻɡ

غݺϵĺͬǩɹ˿룬ȻǰȻһ㣬ڽǺõģҲʱ˼
ɹǩԼʱæµʱϾţ˲ȻԼճԷ
֮ǰûôæµԺܿظ˵ص㣬غݵʱǰԼ
յҵչغû֮ǰģҲ֣϶֮ǰԴб
߸պǩ˺ͬȹӣȡǵĴԡغݾãҶǺ飬ҪǱӦòܾǡ
᲻̫鷳µ鱦ߵĸ߶ߣõԵĻʱԴӦûԽԽá
ᣬ͵ҵĺϢɡ˵ദģʽغݺ⣬Բȡһ¡
Ϊ仰֮ǰǵ԰մʧҲʧ
ʱغԴҲӵĵ绰ͬѾöˣͷ֪ˣҲֲͷϣϾǿѾܹüˡ
ҼסˡغԴǳϿҡ
˵⻰ͿˣҿǸȶȲǽĴǴ㿪Ǳߣʵ
ȻʲôסѧϲǱߣ׼Ǳ߿ȼٴĿ壬ûʲôġ
ʱˣǵ֪ͨңһȥ
˭ҲѧغԴЦ
ͨ绰غԴŷ֣ѾһûлˣγһηֿôãȻЩϰߡ
üģѽгһƣȥһˡ

Էʱʱ½ͣ½忴ԱߵͣСҪȥ㣿
ţ鷳ˡ
Ҹһõط˳Ŵ·ȥһֱߣߵôλò鷳СҲܸˡ֧ûʱȥ㣬½ȵֳ㰾ġ
ǺӪЩ
ԭͻȻѹҪǵǽ˲
͵飬ʱЦ½ܻضˣŶ
Ҿ룬Ӧòڿֶɣһʱء
ڻũæʱԺӱϵĳ;ûˣʱ٩ҽӶģڴϵŶ
һһ𣿡ҲѵúЦ
ûеĻΪѵطһɡʱЦŵ
ҾллʱСĿˡ
˵٩һʱ뿪ȥĿǱߣ뿪֮ǰȥڵæĴ񣬰æעǱߵϾ˻
һΪĵ£˵ȱľġ
˦ȥ󣬺ָܿƽֻżз紵Żᵴһ㲨ơ
͵ѵƽǵһεҲʦ̵ġ
ʱĩĸҽԺæµ̼ô˺üСѻӶǰֻóҪȥʦ⡣
̼ѧУ߲Զһ˱ȥѧУǰ೤нҵԿףԭȥ￴顣
û뵽յѧУ׼ŵʦһضͣʦһȥ㡣
£͵ǰƽ࣬Ѿʵ
뵽ɨ棬ҧˣջ˵һ㣬ϵ䡣

絽˰װߣαѾʼ¼ˣѾڿʼֱߵĸɫ
֣ڽӵ绰ЦһۣƵ绰ͷӦغԴ
óⲻж˵⣬ŮҲͬǸ⡣
ףûһ֣ʵ
бİšʱ˵ʱˢͷͼƬ
ͼƬһƴ㣬ĵ͵øС
û뵽ô͵һ㣬־һޣ۵Ȼҽ
αԱҪӣֱĹ߶ú֣ʱҲס֣˵ֱߵɫǸ
ӱϵ׼ȷʶߣɰװŵŮһϡ
¼ƽʱֱ͵ĵطû뵽һʱ侹Ȼ˰Ͱ
ջ񲻴ڻ𣿡ʱѯʵ
أһ˽Ͱ㣬ҲΪɾ͸С
ãʱ˵Ա£¾ͿҧҪѣͿѾʼոˡ
һ֮ǰĶ͵٩ʱǸǣʱЦƺ
ʱͰڱ¨Ȼű¨ͳ½С¥ߡ
½Ժ½ں˵ԭֻһƳܿͱʱȥ
л˵


35 
ʹ֧˵Ǵϵܴ, ʱȻ֪͵ļУǼӿٶȣ½, ȷλ, ȻϽҽԺ
ʱע⵽ܴ״̬Щԣﲻ˵ɿͣзǰ𣿡
Թǰ, ϽҽԺ˵ʱҲű
֧һ⻰ýæմ绰, ȥҽԺ
ҽݣʱ֮ǰἰһΣ֧ȻỳĻ
Ҷϵ绰ͣҽ㿴ܸһȥ, һ·ʲôͻ״Ҳܰġ
߲ûԺ, 绰оȻ, ӳ˵ȴʱ䡣
ûԥ, ܿӦ, Ȼ֧飺Ͻ֪ͨļ
Ů, ȥŸţȻӴ绰֧˵æܴļȥ
ԱߵܴҪ˵һʱ, ԼȻ˵, ͻȻʧ͵κ, , ŷɡ
·Ҫ׼ʲô, ȥáʱתʱԼϵı¨æ
ܴвмǹԸµƶʱҲøһȥ
ǱúܴæֱӰѳ˽ΪղŴֻ֧еȥҽԺΪ½ͺʲô¡
ʱͺôˣյЩС
ǣ磬ģСû£ܴ壬ҪϽҽԺʱæο
ܴôˣտǱߴͷܴ壬Ӧþû˯ðɡ
ȷȥš侲ûԼٸϳﲻܵ
ʱҲһ뷨һ͵ҽԺõģ˵͹һܴ˳ʱ򣬴֧Ҳܴ
ʱ³ʱʶسĽſȥЩǣû°ɣ
û£ϴֻǶҪ·ǲܣ㲻Ҫġ˵ϳţǰĹæӡ
ʱµʱĻ
ʱһ˼ӣʹǲ
յĳٱƽʱЩֱӿǱߣͱ˵һлʿżȴ
ҽԺʱһ˵ܴȷʵԹҺ÷ֵüʱ
ҲҽܴĽ̸²֪ԭܴһֱиѪѹŮѪѹǣԴѧÿԼ
ʱѪѹһֱΧڣͣ˽ѹҩҩֶѪѹѾˣûҪٳԽѹҩ
üͷԽԽԱߵҽѾֱӺǳҽѵûнǲͣҩ𣿡
ⲻ𣿡ܴһؿҽ
ܴĻҽΣÿҽԺĲ˶ٴΣͣҩû
ηֵ磬صĻҪ­ĶУҪԼ嵱°ҽΡ
ܴæͷλȥһһÿ춼ҩ
ҽĻô֧²ѣ͵ǸмС죬Ķ㡣
Ȼֱӵȥɲ
ʱӸղһֱţڷҲʱܵ˼뵽ԼȥİͰ㣬ûڸˡ
С죬СʱҽʿڣȥԷɡ֧
ʱԥһȻͷϾҲﲻæ
ܴǼ뿪֧ϵŮǸ
ʱҪæסļ򣺡𶯣һ¡
ղŽע⵽йΣȻıΪʲôء
ʱι֧ЦŵԣСʱϸġ˵ŷԸԱߵĹոϽȥæ
ղŲԼûĥŹȥʱʱѾΡ
ܴҽԺͷѡҽԺСݡ
ò˵ҽԺСݣζһ۸񻹲ˣԵԱ߹ֱü
ʱǽһܴ֧鿴һ죬ȻüǾֱӻȥҽߣҺӹٻ
յȷʵֻ߲ܶǰ¾͸Ҵ绰
ȥʱɫѾȫһձ߿ߺྣҺҽڣȻʱز˵ҽƷֵһʡ
ڽĴÿǮֻάּ￪­ʮ򣬿ɲܳܵġ
ҽûУʱԲüҽٻܱ
ˣǵͱߣֻýһ룬ÿҰְҰȥ߽ɡҶڱյĽʶ֮ǰ˲١
Ǿͺáʱɸ˿
û˵һֱƫͷ⣬뽵ķ侲١
ղܴ̲סʦǰ֣ôʦǷҲܴһأ
ûܹش⣬ԥ£óֻºţеĲʲƽŭתֱ֣ͳȥھ̹˲١
ֻ̲סʱȥЩ飬֮ǰְҵ˺ܶίɡ
ʱע⵽͵ͷֻϴ֣ﲻЦ⣬ͺܺá
ԸߵߣôԼҵطº࣬Ȼһֱ綼ܵӰġ
ǻȥѾŵˣ½Ƕ¥ºӢæѯʣСգô£ôˣأôûһ
ܴͣ˽Ѫѹҩ⣬һչ˲ԻҽԺս͵
˵ôͲҽĶأºӢһĸп
ʱڹյİͽݣʱӻĳϾ͸оĵ䣬²Ƹʦйأ뵽ղѾ߹ˣҲûҪֻҪҵİæ𣿡
û£¥ɣԼСͱʾԼû⡣
ãÿӶСӳλΣҪûſԺС档ʱÿСӤҲһ֣رСֺٿ޵ʹ
ϲСӣѾǵǵڼλССˡ
СӺСѲһΪҲй̡ʱﻹ͸һ˿
ʱĻ˵ŲȴŬ侲ӣ뵽ɱĺ¸ҡ
ҪǸĵ绰ҹƲô򾲡ʱ룬һĵʵ͸ģ֪ǺͲư˸ӶŵƣĪؾ֪
лΣ´һøרҵ͵һξñεĸоá
ǻǱ´ˡʱæ֡
Ҳǣ컹Ҫϰ࣬˯ʹߴϽȥϢ
ãʱ˵¥
صͲŷԼ췢ͼƬۣʱǰͬѧѡ
ҶڻǲǱˣѡŻظ˼ۣ룬ֵ㿪ʱҳ˿
ӦתսȦˣ߼û̬Ǻ˻Ϳ޵ݾȻҲýζ
˳ҳ棬ͲŷȻ滨˰СʱСʱʲôûͿʱ޵ĸݡ
룬ƺȷʵܼѹеʱ䣬ԺŵɣϾȥԺʱɾûôˡ
׼ֻͿ־Ϣ
־˵ȥȼˣоô
죺
־ǰ𣬵ʱݼٵʱҲȥ
ϾܱͳĵطǾһǲ
죺ߵĶȼٴĿûãʱٹɡ
֪ΪʲôĪĲ߹־Լڽ塣
ȻʱݼĹü鷳ʱ
־ðɣҲ֪ҵݼں£ˣĽôˣ
죺·
־ôأһΪܺء
ûԼ˵£ת˵ܴ¡
־ҽԺÿ겻Լҽô죿/Ц/
죺ţֻͻȻЩпѡ
пеôŬҪȥȴǰܸˡ
־үǾͱпˣݼپͺúݼ٣ǵøǴز
죺ʱˡ
Ϊݼ٣ֵӦˡ
־ã˵⻰Ĺǵöѡزҵȥ鷿ˡ
Ǳߣϴĳ

һʱ˵ΪĶǣڽǺõģܴҽʱûʲô󰭡
ĿǱ¼ƵҲ˳ǲ֪¼Ƶʲô
̫˼̣ʱεʱȻεͣһҽϵظʱ̫ˣ˲ȵʱ
ôֻǲǿ˵£ʱڶԹ
ôˣʱοʱʳԼʡ
ʱҡҡͷû¡ԼֻξǨŭ˲ǡ
˵û£Ҳû׷ʣȻԼΧתת¾Ͳøˣġ
ʱ˽ĿŷֽɺйأȻѾˣϷɺܻӭ
ĿϵĹүƣ¨ЩƷڻ£Ҿݲȫͳƣһı¨Թү֮֡
֪ǲʱĴĿ¼죬λαۿɼĲ
Ůӻһ㣬ߣÿĴҲ˧ΪˣԿõΪϾʱпܽӵɽºӵ
ŮߴҲʷΪÿֱͷˣľǿžǼַɹɡ
ӵӱ˫ͱףֱøԼ顣
㣬ܸǶӷּ˫𣿡գ۾޲ȥ
Уӱܿó˫ס
Уֻ˵ǿ϶ӦͺֱӦӣûױˡ
ܼ򵥣һ˫׻һӡЦһ
жԥ£ҧӦ˫׻ӻǺܻġ
Ů߳ɹ˫׻ӣҦͺ඼һľϲʳеɻ󣺡С棬׼ģ
·Сģ˲ͱƷǿ϶õϣԾˣһʮǮ滹˻ƽЬء
һʮ˫㣿ΪԹƺ˵صǮ׾ͻӣŶǰԤ֧ȥġ
ֹŶʮ˫´λٷ˫ǡ˵ŮӵĳԱЦ˳
ãҾȥ򡣡ǿ
еѣһˣϰ˵¸²ȥء˵Цر
ֱҲ˵ĶԻЦųλǰǧ򱻰ˣʱüͳ˵ոвĿȦٷۡ
ֹʱôã֣Ҳոв´ι˾յǿǰ
αǶֳʱҲŽĿһȥ
ĿϵõڴίʱڽĿ󣬲ɷǱߵ
ӦѾС¥ˣϣСӤЦܹ
ʱóֱԱߵ֣һѣʱǲ𣿡
ʱ˳֣Ŀ⿴ȥͷǱߴϵͣϣڹ۲Ĵ
ʱע⵽߲ûˣԼģʱ֣˵һͳǱȥ
ڿͲ磬Ϊ룬ǻӣͿЩԡ
ԼģֱʱͲŷĵ
ǣǳҹġͽ͵
ĿҪȥǱ߿ӣȥɣʱ˵겻Ļᡣ
ʲôͲ⡣
֮ƷҪȤҲԡʱ룬ҪƷǾ͸ˣʹڹүһ֯ɡ
һʱˣʱ򣬼αѾʼӣжӿƵػڻծŮǱѾջǽĵһӡ
ΪүõӣԾͲǶ࿳ǲ˷ѵġ
ӵʵã˵үǱ߾ͱȽϼˡ
ŮӻȡжӵͶԼõģʣжӰһ˻ȥ
Ŀ˹үԺӣԺǱ߶˲ٳƷб¨һЩҲв֡
ָһӲʵүҡ𣿡
ԣҡǰģڳɲҾЩҶúܺãӵġүԼƷϲ
ʱע⵽ԺͷɹźңȻע⵽һĲֱֻĹڣֱ
ͷйԱѯʣүЦŰ˰֣ʾǸϱ׼ģ
Щүʼӣ˳ǣҲнģеֻҪǲƤеȫҪĵطûһһ
ʱͷͣ᲻ģ
ʵʱ᲻òڣвٹԱͶĿ⣬ڡ
ãͦ˼ģ㲻õҡ
¼ƵβʱغԴˣĿ̲ˮ֮ģôˡ
غԴĵ֣ҲܾϲԴôˣ
ϾһζĿҪȼٴĿôЩѾԿʼʹ̸ˡ
㿴ֱ𣿡֣ڴ
ˣúܰغԴԼĿ佱
غԴĿ佱֣ܸˣǷȤ¡
ʱߣҲֵ̲ˮƴ̣Ǿַܾ˾ͱӼȥˡ
ʱ̲裬пԴߣҾûȵ̲ˡ
ⶫȸá͵
ʱ̲סʵǲҽʳƷ
ʱĺ棬ȻʳƷãʳƷĿȲϵģҽǵô
˵̲ĻǲȵġĻʿʦǺҲͦϲġ
ʱסЦ⣺㻹ҪԵǰɣ
شʱҽ鲻õʱһ̲Ŷ
ʱ˵ܣݵǰǵġ
Ϳһڴֽӹݹ̲裬룬˲һɲ䣬żµĶҲͦõġ
ôʱЩڴԭһպȫǵġ
ס̲裬̧ͷһؿʱʵǼٻ
OKҶˣԲ˵ˣˮƴ̣ԣʱָָԱߵĴС
ҡͷ¾ҪԷˣڳ԰ɡ
㵹ҡʱ˵Ҳټ̲裬»ȥŵ˯ٺȡ
ѾڸղغԴʱͷѾˣʱ뿪ûȥ緹ˡ
ˣϿС𣿡ʱʵ
ţҵʱСұŵġ;ʱ˵ͦԣСӤȷʵ˾ôССһţ޲֣۾ض
ǵʱӤģⲢǶĺ棬ʹûһҲܺܿģ˵ûʲô̽µҪ
ǲǺܿɰʱʵ
ţɰͲԳһЦСӤʲôҪھȥ
һûһ˵Żܿ͵½ң½ȫѾˣʱҪһܴ
Ѿˣҽ˵úܼʱⲻأСʱҲ̫ˡ½ȫο
û¾ͺáʱ˿
½Ͻ˲ˣԷˡﴫºӢʱҲŽæ
ûȵںȵˣ㣬ʱԵú㣬ѩףر
극ʱͱ˸Ĵָҽ㣬
ϲҽǴȻԼʱɽԼҽ
ϰˣ´һסʱһĵ٩
ðɣϰ߰ɡ챻˽ҽҲһ
ʲôţ㻹ȥֳǱߣڴתƣʱʵ
ȥɣܳԲͬˡЦŵĿǱ߳һ㣬ǵʺպﰲȶ˺ܶ࣬պÿԺƵġ
ãȥ½͡ʱЩ졣
ʱ̲űʱ򣬷ѾһǱ̲ˮ˽ȥʱ룬ȥҲͦá
¥˯ʱյϢ
һһծˣ
ʱˣǴһ磬ڲŷ֣仡ǲ̫һ㣿
һһصصǴҶڲ²ʲôϵ
ʱˣŶǵó/Ц/
һһڱ˵ļֲи£ڴһ֪ծųµĹϵ
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ʱˣֻǽˣʲôȽŲ㣿
ʱžԼЩˣ룬ΪĽԼɵģŻôųȽŲĸ֡
һһǸǸһʱưˣⷴӦǲе󰡣///
ʱˣ˭أС˱˵ˣܲ
룬úеûټ⣬˵¡
һһ˵պܲдҪ͹˾Լ
ʱˣñˣò˾Ĵܲӣ뷨Ҫ
һһ˸յķмα
ʱˣԴӺԺ󣬾ͱùעˣ
һһôһ˵Щص㣬صǽܹˣܾù˾Ҫ䶯ˡ
ʱˣ˼̽ŵİѣ᲻̫С
һһʶһȦ˵غݺϺˣҪˡ
غݣʱעǰһ䡣
ʱˣˣ
һһȻʲôʱ㣬ڡ
ʱˣܳ÷Ǳû
һһȻǲֻܵ¡
ʱˣ粻Ҫ๤ϢɣҲ˯һ
ʱж֮ǰȻεˣͱȽϲңΪԼĽ˲棬һָԼҪԼ
ͱˣһӣֹЩˣǲҪ˵
˹ȻֵĶ˱Ҫʱʱֻߣ͵һʱãܵ˼Լ
ڶ£ʱԼգȻ˯ǰ۱ˣ˯ܰ
ʱȥϴּˮϴ˲侲ΪͲû뷨ӶξʼɣǲΪ̫ûнӴˣ
´ι׵ʱԹȥ
ͬʱ¥ԺͣҲʮƽ㹤߶ʰ𣿡
׼ˣ½һȥȥϰɡʾõԼ
ãͶһ㣬ϵȫͿˡʱȭ͡
ʱ뿪½ȫܿıС죬ߣȹȥǱߡ
½ܸˣ½ȫϲ˾ܿ
ˣôˣǸ֣ܵϹˣ˵ϵĸˣι˵Ϊ֮ǰ˵ǸȼٴĿġʱȼٴ޽⳥񣬻ܴߵľã룬˸ˡ
ȷʵֵøˡ⼸죬ѾᵽĴӣҲϣܹԽԽá
ҪȥǱ̸ɣҾ͵ȺϢˡ½ȫȥλá
ûмµǺͨƵԼߵ
ڵ㣿¿Աߵͣڷ
ţ˰Ͱ´лͰһЦ⡣
ãǿɾ͵ţҵϻȥٺ˵͵˺ܶ࣬Ҳŷ
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ͲʧЦʱȫעҪˣţͷҧˣæոˣεľȻһ㣬Ŀеġ
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36 
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ҽԺ֪ʱж, λҽʱֱ֣
ΪҽԺҽͽ, ඨһ, ͸ͣԼл⡣
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ȵ뿪½ȫŷˮͰĴ, Цŵ٩Ӵҽ, пڸˡ
С, ӦʱŶԡ
, һ¡½ȫ˵ֱ뿪, һֱͶʵ¡
֪ܲڽ֮ǰö, ţ̧ͷĿ¼ƵķһֻۣϣĿܹ϶ȶȡ

ʱ¼ֳʱ, ͿͷغԴ֣˵ʲô, ֣һࡣ
ʱȷغԴֻǵ̽࣬бļƻ, ȼٴĿ
֮ǰ֣˽ͶĿ, Ӱҵ, ôȼٴĿͶʷҲϲŶԡ
غ뿪жʱˣҲ֪غԴ˶Ȩ
ҲʱʱͻȻʶǲȶȲ˵ǰ㱬졣
Ϊƫ룬ⲿȻȶȻղûΪɫȦ෴Ϊռӳ֣ȶ߲١
ʱ̲ס룬᲻ΪƫǵŮǹ⻷١
¼ǼαŹү֯ӣǶҡ
Ƭڹү˼αͱñ׾ֻһùүһ㣬Ǹˡ
غԴЩ̫˽⣬Ҳ̫Щȶֻ֣ߵ¼ƻҪã
ŻһܵӣߣӦûᴩȥΧ㡣֣͵
ȼٴĿԺˣ򱻱ǰһЩ˼£غԴѵ
˵öԣⷽҲ̫ó֣˵ؿغԴϣԮԼ
ǰϹŶ˵ǣҲ֪ˣĿԼɡغԴ˽ͶĿ
Ҹһ𡣡ֻҪ漰Ͷʣǿ϶Ƿղ棬֣׸ֵ
غԴʧЦǵãǮһõóġ
Ĺ˾չһж˳ҵټϱһϹŶĿ˾Ŀǰֱӽæµ״̬
˵ʱ䣬żһζֱCPֱꡣ
ߵ¼ȴһС״ҦֱˣȻףָǱߵľѾ˶ֱӸ˹Ҧָ
ʱպǰ촩Ьһֱĥţ׼˴æݸԱ
ΪСֱҲһۡ
ﲻ±ſƼķչЩȴ˴У뻹ͦϧġ
ɫӣƷĺֵģҼǮʵҲܱˡ
ĿҲʱظ˹ү˫һд˫úܶ˶óĬ
ʮָģ˵Ҫ׬Ǯ̫ˡ
ֻպãֱĿˣүүҲģ˵ǰ컹ܿϯǮϯѾʽˣԼá
ļһһ˵һǰĶȻڵܺá
һҪʵ人պܺÿ
ɫȷʵͦã
ʱĸۣԼӣ룬Բ⣬ʱʹ԰ϼܣҲǸ˴һ;
԰յĽĿ˵ǷǳˣӵģֱӺ͹үʼ
ϲң㹺£үԵʮֿģЦſݣһұЩˣ˵ں˻ЩˣҴСͿʼЩ򽻵û¶㣬͸ھҲãԸǿ̫ˣ϶㿴үүǮԼҡ
үӺһĻֱܶ˶жˣ뵽Լүү̣Ƕ͹үһŬǵķʽһḺ
ţˣÿ궼Լֲ·һСʱÿξʮǮ
᣺үүҲǣϼҼֲˣ˵ԼܸɵĶܸҰ鷳
Ҹˣʵũܶ˶úͨ͸
ҵֱȽϺÿԸϽӺ
үԱ߹ԱۣǹͼЦſͷȻЦЩڣȴȴеϣ˭ҵǮǴģҪûҪģȥⷴռط
үܱСһŵ𣬺ܴ֡ںռͯװмҳĶ
ܵģСĶܡүһֺǣҲû뵽һ죬ôϲա
ĿǱϵ½ǣӹϣҿԹעʹ԰ǱߣǱߵԸѰүϼܡ
һʱ䣬λαĶɻǰƷҷ׷׸пȻ˲õ
ĿҲʱҲйأҪα֣ûûӣͲ
ʱƳһʱ䣬Ѿ°ʱ䣬ûټۿͲ
ͷӱߵԴӵ󣬽ֵ˲㣬ϵĽԱߵͰһһš
һζЩҫ˼ϰʹȻƬԼᡣ
Сд´ʱ飬ڸܵϢ
̧ͷͿˮϵͣһ̣ʮ
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ʱ߽Ͱڵˮһ㽦͵ϡ
ۣջࡣʱû뵽滹㣬ȫȫûġ
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ʱüڶܿЦˣķȷʵá
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˳Ͳȥ𣿡ʱʵ
ҡͷʾԼûȤ̧ͷտҪʧͣԼʣµļڡ
ʱʱŷ죬Цҽ׷Źͽ𣿡
ǣܴ͹ģҲһݹͲǡ˵Űѽݸʱ
ʱ־ܾˣڶԽ
Ϊϴε£䴽ǡ
ţҾ̫ˣҽյ᲻ʱЩʵ
ҡҡͷһյܼҲϰˣʱǲֱ͵ʿ̨Ǳߵġ
ǿѾϰΪˡʱ룬ý첻ǵĿˣȻҿ϶Ǿˣݼٶ졣
ڻũæ˶æһ·ǵûʲôˡ

ӴôࣿºӢͰҲһľȡ
ɲǣҶ챳ˡʱ˵ŻģԼļ
ͷ⻰ššüͷˡ
ͷһԼţҩܺãѾоʲôʹˣٹӦþԼˡ
㽻ºӢʱߵǰʲôζ
ҪЩȡ
ţȥͳһܿһ㣬رϲĿζ𣿡ʱ룬ԼĳȻȲ֡
ʵҲʳġ֮ˡ
Ǿͷɡʱ֡
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Ǿ鷳ˡʱ룬ҺóʳȫȻˡ
½ȫͲˣΪºӢڼҰտӣͳһ˵ġ
ÿֵĶ࣬պԸ㣬һɲ١
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ʱɷⶼûʼأôȿأ
ʱʢһͷݵǰζô
ܺóԡܿ죬͸пϵĻش
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ϣ½ȫ̲ס˵غԴҲ֪ǸǲҪȥˣ
ǱҲûʲôϢЩż
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½ȫ֪ʱǲԼļеģҡҡͷ̾˿û˵ʲô
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Ȼû·ƣͦԲյ·ϻͦá
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Ÿհ˵㣬Ҵȥתתʳʱתͷ͵
˺ð죬ͳһɡ
ʱЩȣܿ췴ӦãǾһ𡣡
ȵ뿪ԺӣͲڣǲǸղ½Ļѹˣ
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ղ½ȫĻȷʵôһѹ½ͻȻȥغԴǱߵ˼
ѵҲ´ˣûشʵ
Ҳǣôһѹʱ½ȫļУͶĿôܾġ
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ڶѾľˣĴ㣬ֱĴʦڵĻָҿϣһ̣ҶҵᶨƵѡ·
⣬˭ҲûϵģûҪΪ˵Ĳ𡣡ʱο
룬ȥͺˣ֮ǰ˵´һ塣
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𣿡ʱָָԼıӣǾͿ̫ˡ
š֮ǰһֱӦһ·˳˳ˮߵڣ˵˽⣬֪ԭǡ
źؿɾ̫ˣС·󵽹㿴ÿ춼Ϊ֮ǰľźԾźûʲôӰڵ״̬ͲˡʱӲźʲôãϾ˻һܻûһźء
ʱĻ£ΪԼȥľȥڻźΪ֮ǰºڻźı䲻ʲô˷ʱ䡣
ڿΪʲôأ޲˷ʱѡ
ʱ˵þõò͵ĻӦǲԼĻ˵ֱ̫һ㣬ʹЦ˵öԣԼţǼˡ
ʦôɵģѾıʲôܶķʲôԹ԰Լߵ˵Լˡ
ȻҲʦĸ飬һʱܲҲԸԼһޣԼƽãǸʱΣҪ¡ʱڵ͹õİ취
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֮ǰְҵѡڵְҵΪĸҪ𣿡ͻȻ֪ʱѡȦԭ
ҲɣԭʱȦǸ⣬Ȼ棬˽⵽ҵĲпᣬԾǲӱʱЦʵ
˱ˣ֪飬ͻץסȦչȥȴֱ·
ܹ׼ȷ֪ԼҪʲôѾȺܶˡͿ޵
ҽû˵ܻ죿ʱú쳬޵ģҵǶȿ㡣
ûУǵһﴽǡ
һǲ˼˵ʱãԼŪͺܿͻͨ
˵ʱ̧ͷʱ˿̣ɫ¹Ǹһɫɴ˿ĸоǵЦܿ䣬һĸо
˵Ķʱ͵Ǹξʱܿ侲侲ʵڻ𣿡
ͻȻǵ⣬䴽ǣлСʱʦҿСǳ
´Сʱÿεʱҽǵ׼ʱʱҲԾظЦ⡣
һ׼ʱ
ʱ䣬Ȼû˵޵ϢȻλ˶ûһ㡣
ʱȥʱŷֳԹСֶӵȺƳһۣԭѵͿԣΪ⡣
ܰȻΪʲô˶Ѳ˱
꣺Ҳ֪Ϊʲôء
ƣɣȥѵҵĳһǣ
ʱǵ¼˸飬û׾ʲôԣǰܰȻ
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ųԷΪף£ʱڲʱˣԺ˵Լ
ʱǰ칫ȺҲһϢԸѾȷԡ
ôҶΪԸˣԸԺȥ￴ʱǱ֪ͨһ

غԭΪϴɺҪһԲһܼ򵥵¡
û뵽Լͱܾ鱦ѡǼҸϾϵĴ˲࣬أһº͡
غȴָΪ鱦ĴһλǣʵҵģȦҲԼİãյľȫһ
غȻòˬ죬뵽֮ĺֻܵ˵е
ȵغ뿪Цһʲô⣬ŸպͿʼФϵĴԡ
ϴ¥뿪غݵ˲ͺôԼӵˣ廹ǵһ
뵽ǱߣغݲüģȻתͷԱߵȥӰҵǱߣûʲôʵĴԣֱȥǩͬ
ϣغݴϳְҲһְЩӣ˵ĸıغݵĻԥ֣Ǳߣ
ϾӰҵ֣ڸЩϵĺñֻǵñ֡
ǱߣӰҵؼҵĲҵһ˵һáغҲЩ꣬һʱǰŵա
õģȥ졣ϣͷȵغԶŲҡͷԭʤȯգҪһΪʲô
ϣɻûܸ뵽Ҫȥ֣£Ϊͷۡ
նغݻĵģ鱦ԻѾʤȯգ⼸̲סעһⷽϢ
µ鱦ߵĸ߶·ߣ֮ǰĴ˻һߣյĿλĿǰЩΣԭΪⲿһȦһСλá
񲥳ʱѾС룬ȶȲûеĸߣŮȶҲһ㣬Ůȶȣܺƽɫ
оһֵȶǵʱеģһɫģһ԰մġ
֪֣ԽҲʼ֣ؿǽԼ¡
֮ǰΪغݵԭ͹˾Լֻ꣬Ҫ뵽Ҫ֣꣬;Ϣ
ڲǽԼĺʱȵϵĴԣٷ֣ѹԼԴϢܿͻй˾кԼǩԼ
ܣǵغԼģԼĹңǲõĻˡ
ֻҪغǱߵĺϢˡ

֣û뵽غǱ߻ҪЦһغݻ˵ôݣᾹȻҪԴޣõ
ںһ͵غԴ֪ԭǱߵ¡
ôű˺ɹˣȻ˼Ҫԡ֣ıغݵĲˡ
غԴѰõˮ󵰷֣ǰЦŵСһ·˳˳ˮʹͷûˣҲע˽ӵ£һֱԼеԼͷΨһ϶ļ̳ˡ
ҲĶˡ֣˵ֱӸǱ߻˵绰ʾҪȨûУҪԴǾ͵ùƽ
һȥǱ̸ȼٴĿ£Ҫһ㣿غԴʵ
һɡϾ飬ҲŬѧϰ̸еľˡ
ã㰲źǱߵ£ǱԼʱʮ㡣

뵽壬ʱһ;úܿģѾͼ˵ȥ¡
ʾԭʱ뿪ѣֻǽ鷳Ͼ͵˽£δǲҪúá
οڵĽˣҲԼһΣԼչҲӦõġ
ġ̸ġƺһ˿ʱҲ١ǿȡԼȥ¼ֳڴĴǸǵ綯ģ㷽㡣
¼ֳʱŷֽ֣ڣû룬²ȥغԴڶȼٴĿûôġ
һͶõģʱֻҪǵ̣ǰʹǱ߹ͨͰžͺá
Եʣʱýʱúܿ죬¼ֳ뿪ʱ»ȥʣȥȥľȥľԺóԵġ
ȵ½ҵԺӣˣЦݲɰͰ͵Ŀڣ裬磬ôˣ
л˵


37 
ʱôҲû뵽һ°ôľϲ, ɨһʱԱߵ͡
ϵ˫ָеľн
ˣһУɫǿ
ǱߵĸѱǷ˲Ǯģ, ʱߵ, Сʵ裬ôͻȻˣ
գ˵۶ǰ鷢
»ʱס, ȷʵ£ֲ绰ʱôˬ, ԭ׼
ʱԼʱʱҸɫ˵㣬Ϊ˺ͱ˹ղŲؼҵġ
ԱߵҲסˣ쾹Ȼʱգϧȴʲôû׼, ҪͷչԼ
£Ҳ嵭ʱ˴ľн
, æԼնˡ˵⻰ʱʵҲһ
Ҫ֪Ǹղʱ򿴵, ͷ, ĿǰӵķӦ, Ӧò
ŽĿ¼, ȷʵˡʱ˵겻ĬĬǸ԰Ŀɡ
ղܻԾ͹, , ͵Ľô£ղֻŸԲ͵
, ҵĽ˲, Ծͳݼٷ¡͵
ʱֱһ˵Ľݼ, ҽǱһ񡣡
ʱۿͣһ϶ǹģ֮ǰӡ󲻴û뵽ȻĻ
֪Լн˻ݼ٣ʲôⲻ
ʱԶѾ侲Ҳ鲻֮ǰ²̬ȻºͣϾѵĺӡ
ǹ֮ǰѾľ˲͵⣬ǹʱ
ʱôǸĻУֹ˸ĸһʱա
ԭһദģʵھסʱ룬ټŵ˳Ҳлͬ
ʱŵʱͻҪؽߣѳϡ
Ѿܵʱ͵ĵӣ²Ӧˣŵºǽͣĳǽ˵
˭֪ĹʱʱԶ뿪
ʱɷ绰ʱͣһԱأһʱʱֻޱͷۡ
վԱߵĹ״ЦŵôΪǺӣ
ֻʣĸŮڣûʲô˵ģʱֱӿڵ裬ǲʲô
೯ķŬŬ죬ʾϳ˵ȵĸŮϳ󣬹Ųؿڣľ棬˭ᣬǲ֪ղ翴ʱɫˣΪΪ˺һ𵥶գҽƭأ
˵಻ңҺò
յˡʱЩգȷʵ¡
ţˣô£˵˵ɡʱһֱһٸģԴǴе£ŷ֣ԭʱѾǿĵطĳ
ǻ£Ǿ½̫鷳ʱ˵겻̾˿˭֪ڻǵýͣƺ鷳ˡ
򵥵˵ҽԺ£ԼԭĩЩ˼زĽûôصģһСİƷˣɶˣηżҾչ
ҽ˽ҽԺ˼ʵ඼ǰͬѧ˵ģ⻹ǵһθоʵԼô̾˿ҲΪ⺢ˣǵȻһȥɣУһôչ㣬ҲܱͲǡ
Ȼ˵ɡʱЩͻòڡ
Ȼû˵Ѿͺһȥ

ȻʱԼĵ⣬֪ӦˣԼϳʱûоܾ
ŵʱڵʱһͣϾȷʵΪԭʱŻ¡
ҽ˵ǵҽĶæʱͻȻʵƽ͡
ͦæģҲΪ˼ٲʱ䡣ͿʼǣôܲԼء
ҿ㻹ͦе𣬲ȻݼôҵϾҽôҵأʱ˵껹ͷһۣƤЦⲻЦ֡
ǣ鲻СӾûġ
ʱĻͶʱѣǰȼٵľô࣬Ϊʲôƫƫѡأ
ΪʱȦ嶯뵽ͺܿ˵иٸԼϰɣʱͼġ
㲻ͼҲװ׵Ķģôطѡ񣬺αֲĽأ
̲סʼ룬ʲôʱԼʼʱĹעԽԽأ
½ǴΣ¸Һ侲Լ̣̲סҪ˽һ㡣
ÿȦ˼ֹע뵽͵ﲻһ˿գȻһֱûԼ˼
ͳĬʱһԼ˵˰ɣ֪ôƱ˰ɣǰˣĻ˵㡣
뿪ڳʱ͵ߣΪʱȦպмڣŹ
ʱԶģûʱ̸ʱѡȴҪ
ƽĶۣģҲעһϸɷͰְ֡
ʱСǳųϣһǷæҽ
Ȼ˵Щδ̫һ㣬ʱ⺢ظ飬䵽ʱʹ죬粻Ҫʼ
һʱ䣬˼죬ȴͬĹͬ㡣
·̣һֱŰչĺ
ʱߣվֶˣʱЦź͹Ŀ¼ƵһЩȤ£˳Сӽ£͹ིЩʱǽ
࿴ʱЦղŽĿ¼ƵȤϵЦݣһʱЩ㱣ڵѡ𣬻᲻ǣ
ЩڹһܿᶨظԼѡǶԵģǰȦʱʱһֱųݣҲûڵķ״̬
裬Ƕǻ𣿡ʱǴκƴԻʱԵĲ࣬ƺϲԻ
յȻҪѡϲģһʼͣҺַˡ
ǾΪһԻʱڣǿ϶Ҫԧ⵹ʱĲ١
˵Ҳ֣Сһ𳤴󣬿ζȴԯޡ
ֳһˡһĸп
ʱҲĸп֪ԼﾹȻһˣļ˺֮ǰļ̫ƣΥ͸С
Ȼﲻı⣬֮֮ϣҶúõİɡ
ʱȵ³ʱתͷɨһ͵ĽţĬǿͣҪǲǸȥʱǰҵĻᣬԲܸᡣ
û뵽ôɣʱǶĵ꾹ȻһκʱԻĵطǵã⸽и̳ʱĺ⣬ԼҪȥҩ
ʱ֪ܲС˼ûʱ𣬺ǣ׷Ϣ֪ȥ׼ˡ
ԼеģͲ鷳ˡòʱһ֪ôѲ
ǿɲУϴչˣǿɵͶұǡʱЦһº͡
ʱԶסʱһȳһ뿪ıӰʱתͷʱԶ֣ҾͲ㿴ͼ
ûûԼ˼ĵ㲦˵ˣϾ͵ˣʲôӡʱԶ˵ȳİȥ
֮䶼û˵ƣԽӣ˵ЧͺܿҪУѹû뷨أ
ʱԼղڳϵĻɲںҲˡ
յ᲻ãʱĸŮ͵ˣʱûˣʵأ
˵ȥҩҩˣٹʱҲǿ˵ϵĵϴǺƴҲҵꡣ
Ͳڣæߵԭ߸ҲΪ⺢ˣżȻǱҲҪ£ǵȻһȥǺһ𡣡
ԲɶһۣȻû뵽ﾹȻһԭټʱ˵绰ҪǾܾĻδҲ̫顣
ʱԶ룬󿪿ڵҲУǺӲͬ⣬Ͼȥ˼ҿɲڡ
⵹ǣȻʱǶҺܺãҾ;òڣҪˣȻһǺͻؽǱߣһ͸ûȥˡʱûҪٻȥһˡ
ǻǻȥɣǲ֪ˣ֪˻֪Ǳ𣿡ʱԶ룬ǵڽ壬һȥ
⵹ҲǣǵȻô˵ɡʱͷʱԶĿҲ

Ϊʱæֱȥ̳һ¥鱦̨ǱߣЩʵҲûоȴһƾڵĹϵ̫صģʱһܾ
ѡһȻЩյһѡ̫æʱޡ
Ǯʱ򿴵ʱϢ
ʱû𣬻ʲô״ˣ
죺Ͼͻˡ
ʱãעĽˣ2Űᡣ
ʱֻˣ˵Ͼ͹ˣǵ𣿡
Ѿˣ㿴Ҫʲô𣿡ԱǹѡĲ˵ݸʱ
ʱɨһۣȻֹ˼ͰԵĲˣȻ˵Ųʳ⼸һԷľʱϲá
źƬ֮ģôϲֻǲᣬĻͦϲϲࡣ
ʱע⵽ĶԼϲģýָͷ붼֪ô£һȻǸɵӣնǵãȴǵñ˵ϲá
ʱǲ֪ʱ뷨עⷹϱ˵ϲãϱںͬ쵼ķģڶϰߡ
ʱʱõ绰ˣĵ⵽ˣȥõ⡣
պõͣ뵽ʱǸ⣬ֱǰĸ첲Լϣߡ
򲻴ʹƣҪֱжܡ
ʵܲϰߺͱ˰ôʱԲܾĻᣬʱ˼̲סҡͷ֪ھΣôÿƼھء
ԥƬ̣ûܾʱġ⡱һ˰ᡣ
ǻøպã׼ϲءʱŽЦŵ
ʱƳһǱߵλɫذͷʱԶ͹֮¡
ºʱȵԱʼϲ˺󣬴ҿʼԼպϡ
ԷʱʱЦź˵ԼڽȤ£һ棬⼸״̬ģæĹٲȻһȤ£ļЦһֱû¡
ԹʱӣʱԱߵĵ⣬磬ҪǻȥٳԵ⣿
ʱһʱ䣺ᶼŵˣ·Ͽһ㣬ĥһ㣬ȥ͵ʮˣ԰ɣ˼һ¾УʣµĴȥԡ
֮ǰǵĴʱգľסһٻȥģԾѡ˰ѵⶩߡ
ǺðɣǿʼҪաʱ˵ֱóֻǹյʽУȻҪ
ʱЦһҾ֪ҪգõԱƯñ
лл磬Ȼ˧õĸ硣ʱƯñϵʺƨ
վҲЦݣһοʱԭ˽£ڸĸֳǰĿɰ
ȵ򣬹˰ĵƣ£ÿ˵ݶЩģʱһ̧ͷͶ͵ĺһ̣þˡ
ʱִͷո裬ͲǵԼϴγոʲôʱ򣬵һ̣ޱ档
ʱԸԸܼ򵥣ǾǰѾ顰ʱȶĽ֣ȻеļѶúõġ
ԸϣʼԷֵĻڣ֪ӦöԲ£ÿ˾ֻһ㣬˼һ¾ˡ
ʱ°ѵװڴ˼ʲôʱͳȥá
ͣһȥɣȻ̿ɲ֪ô㸸ĸء˵꿴͡
ˣ̣̫鷳ˡҡͷܾ
鷳ʲô˵һҪˣߣôܲȥǱء˵װõ
һʱЩΪѣæȵĿ⿴ʱʱʼ磬һİĪ
Ͻģһ˱ĥĥģҪǲȥչ㣿ʱҲʱԶһ̬ȣʱڽ壬Ǹһȥ
˵ʱµģҲʱӣͷӦ
ȥʱѾʮˣ಻ʱǱʱԶʱĳʱʱĳ
ʱ˳׼ȥʱǰŴʱʱ㻹浱˾ˡ
٣ôأ͹ʱϳȥ˸ʻϵðȫһһԼȫû¡
ںſڴԭһ·Ҹʱڿûˡ
ʱǰúſʱ磬ҵأ
ʲôʱװɵ
ȻʱǰĵĻھǲ
ˣ߲ߡȻ˵ʱǴԱóһӵݸ
ʱ򿪺ӣȻЩϲô뵽
Ⱥ﷢ƬôϲգԺͶһ㣬ĵרҵ㡣
͵һξʱЩˣղ뵽һҲʱ̫æѡ´һû뵽ʱһ
ʱȻʱ˵Ҳע⵽͵Ҫ˵Ļһ£Աб
ʱǵʱϵıʱʱ˳һϡ
Ҳҡҡͷ෴ܾ
뵽ʱ֮ǰĵƬ̲ס㿪ȦȴûҵĶ̬ûзһʱ䣬;ȻЩź
صѾҹΪʱİֻаڣԹʱԶԼһȥͷ
ʱȥ·ͻϴղǶ¡
ֻʣˣʱȥúȵģҪˮϣ
ˮͺáͳˮʱóԼղŴҴ
ʱˮݸͣȻȥи̳תͱͽסʱ¡
ôˣˮ²𣿡ʱһתͷͿݹСӡ
տ֣Щ̫æȻصⲹϡֻԼ֪
ãҾͺܿллʱһĿġ
Ҫȥй̣װԼ׶Ȼطٴ򿪡
ʱıӰЦ⣬ʱʱҲӷﻹŸӣܸģĴ
ҽе񱣬ʱֱӸµġ
лл͵ϣȷʵԸԼģҲԸ⴩˵·
ôǻûллϴζĹءʱԼʱĺãΪ˱ϴǶʱչˡ
Ȼʱ˼ЦӦ£Լ²֮ܲǡ
磬ҽԵˮʱŹ̳
һ죬ȥϢɣҽչءʱЦſʱ
ʱԿͣѯ˼
ûʱֱӻ˷䣬һĻζøϽϴ衣
ȵʱط󣬿˶ʱԭ˵ʲô뵽ʱԶĻָʲô˼ֻҪ֪ٹҲ͸뿪ˡ
˵ĺøֻΪ⼸䣬չأȵҸλһоͻָˡ
ͷǱûԡңȴȥϴɣĽ𣿡ʱ룬Ҫʱ뷨Լʵͦġ
ûġʵȥϴˣϵĻζǲʡ
ʱϴо˶ΨһõľǣͷʪģϲͷԾøɷñš
꣬׶͸Լ
򿪺ӣһ滹ɰˣӦղųȥİɡ
뵽ʱóֻͷһϢ
ʱҽллҺϲ
Ǳûлظںʱɣʱڴϣͦġ
֮ǰԼԺסңˣôȥأܲڼլɣ
ʱһʱЩİţߺҲûʲô㣬ٶֻиչ߿Դȥչ
ͰԼ·ϴúɺŻ˷䣬ֻſʱϢ
ͻϢִȦʱ̬ˣֻǱ˻ؼҵϲãûἰյ£ЦŰǸСĵޡ
ʱҿоչȤ
죺᲻̫鷳㣿
ʱȻᣬƱˡ
ͺܿյͼƬǾչͼ
˯֮ǰ룬Ӧһ졣
ʱƱ֮ǰҲƬȺҪҪһȥչ
ʱҪȥ
ʱŰȻڼġ
ʱϸ˭ڼ˯һ룿
ʱȥȥôϻ/èèjpg
ʱҲҪȥ
ʱ԰˼һ죬ѵһף
ʱҪһˣпգ˳Ҳȥɡ
ʱԶ˵öԣҺпգȥ
ʱãƱˡ
ʱȥչպÿԴϽʱԼ
Ϊ˯ʱʱ֣ʱѾţ︸ĸں졣
಻תͷˣϽȥϴͣǻҪȥչ𣿡
Ŷáʱ¡
ͺܿջĿ⣬شղŵ⡣
ԴľϰʱѾܾûкúôԼˣŽȥչǾʹȹӺˣʱ򻹿ĵÿƬ
ȹӻȥģԴϰˣһֱˣ֮ǰûʱ򣬹նôƷĳûڽ岻ôƷŽü·ǡ
ʱ˰óʱԼȻŵҺˣڳ𣿡
ǵһοʱȹӣʱúÿһֱ֪ģɾ޵ˡ
߰ɣˣ෢
պлᣬǾͶļƬһģϧ粻ڡʱ֣һҺþûһĹء
˶࣬ǰδϰɡʱٴˡ
ͷ˵öԣһ˲ϿɾͲˡ
ǵĺ⣬ûоܾ
˾չȻöˣʱԭͣʱԶֹȥǴҪȥİɡ
߿Һһ𡣡ʱ˵ŵ
裬ȸһŰɡʱЦſࡣ
ţ֡һĸˣϴκʱջûϷ֮ǰ
УġʱԶЦŽӹ˵һҲܾûһˡ
ʱԶϵذſţ壬ҰһļŰɡ
ȥһɣǹҲˡʱԶ
ȵһ㣬ʱԶݸͣȻߵĸŮߡ
һڣʱվм䣬Ÿĸĸ첲ЦһͶסһõĻ档
˼ţʱЦܹӹ游ĸգĵʱ򻹲ָ֣ôЦһ¡
裬߿һ㣬ԣʱ˵Ű¿š
ͱЦݸȾҲǳǳЦ⣬ʱյӺ棬ͣͲʳԼеʣϲӰ
ͦϲģþûˡ֮ǰ׼Ȼæ£๤ֻ֮ġ
иӰЭᣬҪȤĻԽʶͲ֪ԭԼ˽ֻǱɽһǰ
ðӰЭǲǻᶨھлʱʵ
ôһ£һ㶼ߡ˵겻üˣҪǱָ֪þԼĲˡ
л˵


38 
ʱǲ֪͵ĵ, ⣺ҲûϵпվͲμ, ûվƲμӿ
, Ͳ̧ͷͻȻЦˣ, žԼĵطʲô, Զ
ã˽ʶ˵꿪ʼ˼ʵĻ
ȥǱ߿ɣôˣӦʲôϡƷ֡ʱָָǱ˶ĵط, ӽڣÿƷֵľջ¼
ͷʱԶ״Ҫȥ, Ǳֹ, ǻʲôɣ
ڹ࿴, ڵʱԽԼ뷨, Բͻô, Ƕֹˡ
ʱԶüΪͬһǺվͳһսߵġ
࿴뷨ƵҪ, ֹܹ𣿡
ͷĺʱʱԶɱԼ֮ǰĹ, ͵޿ɣǺõİ¡
еĸ, õġھġšԼĸŮڳϵ̸, ȷʱڶû뷨, ͬģҲף浽һ죬һ˼ǹ뷨
ĻʱԶĬȷʵһʱĸıǶ
߰ɣڽˡͷǻֵʱʱԶĸ첲
裬һţƷֺƯҶûءʱߴȥա
ҪҰ𣿡óʱƷֺĶ
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˰ᣬʱл·ĸղĵƬǣĵĺԼĵգܲһоġ
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磬ҳҳ嶯ˣҲڡ뵽֣պ޲ھͺӰҵƲϵ
˵ЩѾûˣǱߵĻӦɣգ㲻֣𣿡ܿա
ƽʱһ侲֮ǰΪغйݵʧҲܿʶԼҪĵʲô֪ΪʲôÿζϺ֣йص£侲ͻȫ̡
ҪһҲ÷˿ʧ˱ȫ̱Ƚϣ˳࣬ȫ̽䡣
࣬ȫʤû֪նж⡣
̾˿ȻʵǱô˵
֪еغݣһ侲ңǰ׼ΥԼݺͬϵĶͬѾעҵˣҴûʤߵĿܡ
һ֪ģȻҲȥԶ뵽ܾʦͻȻ˽ʱȫ𣿡
ղôͻȻʱҡͷ̫
Ҳ²ǰԶǸʦӦʱļˡҲ˵ͨȦίеʱΪʲôͻȻʱίС
ʱļˣЩȡ
λʱɽʱʱм񡣡ܾԼĲ²Ӧûд
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ųܡܵͷ
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ҡҡͷ̲ס룬Ȼ̸ȻָŽǣղõ

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ΪӰҵ֣Ļظ˲䷴ת˿ʼ֣ӰҵյĸԴ
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΢֣ھˬˣֻһԣЦһΪӲɣ
֮ǰʵҲв٣˿ʹ˾ԼŶӣ˾һ㶼³Ӧġ
ұˣջһݣغݵŮѣ޿֣ǲӦ
̹ˣغԴһЦؿ֣ԭ˼ҲǲСֱ÷Ǳ̾С
֣Ը⣬ûƾʲôҪ⣬ΪغݸռǣΪӰҵǶˣ
ƸղŴԵ³һݡغԴ²յľٶϾһֱֵúܴľٶȷʵЩ⡣
û֪Ϊʲôô𣿡˵֣Ϊ⡣
غԴȷʵ֪һ֣һ棺Ըꡣ
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Ů˵ʱʱ㲻ġ֣غԴ̯֡
ðɣǽĴǣغԴ¡
ȻԸԼȻΥԼ𿩡֣ʼ磬ôƽ⣬Ȼʧǡ

ʱӰҵ֣΢µ۲ӣЩʱ磬㿴յĺͬ𣿡
ûУ㿴Ҳܸ㡣ʱֵʱĶͷְҵ¡
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ʱǮܳǲغ֮ƶ˸Ҳǡ
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ѡ񷢳Ҳ˾ͷźţ˾ԸǩΥԼÿǡʱ
⵹ǡʱ°ͣʾû뵽ȥ
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ʱͳԲˣҲ˼קͼԣѵʰ˼ŵȻôá
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ȻʱҸѾ˼ȻἰʱСʱ¡
ڼԵģʱҵļͥպܺãǼȻҲһԷĻᣬʵࡣ
Ҳһ̣ͻȻʶһ㣬ȻҪҪһϸ
Ȼǲܵģ־һΪŮܲķæԼʱᱻҽԺĵ绰лȥ
Ժϲñ嵭룬Լȷ
һϣͲû˯ãܶ뷨ȫһһֵҵǣûһʱ嶯ʱԼ⡣
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ЩǸؿʱΪԭԲòǰ
û£ҸպľסһպȥܰȻ͹װϸڡ
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ҽԺǱæЩ鷳½һҵչˡ͵ͷлȻ㷿ͻʳʱ򣬲ŷʱѾˡ
ҵĵ̣ȻðźǡʱЦŵ
Ǿ͵پ֮ꡣûףȻЩ⻹޽⣬ڴ´εļ档
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ʱ䣬ĿҲϢȫ˵Ŀͻȥ¼ƣ˵Ҫˡ
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԰¼ƣҲֺܶ࣬Ҫܸϴܶ
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ѡһϲƬƱ뿪ʱ仹磬ǿ߻ȥ
ˣҪǩҳϣ¼ǵøǡʱԼ¡

ٶȺܿ죬ķ羰һӶ̲ס룬´ʲôʱʲôݣ
ŮҪܵһʱϵߣ˽
̲סԼܹιϵԷʲôһѵͷ
뵽ɿЦһʱⶼȷǲ̫ԶһЩ
һ·ϣ˼ѹͲܿƣ룬첻ҪȥҽԺԲԼԼ
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֮ǰԱߵĳ˳ԼԭģһУͷ󿿣ֵۣ︡ȫЦ
׼ʱʱϢˡ
ʱղڿӰûע⵽Ϣ˾ͺãúϢɡ
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һ˼ʱһ߸˵绰ȥǱߺܿͨӴæ˾ȻʱҴ绰
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ͷĶͷôǰҲӰŵأ
ƾղŵҲܲ³͵Ůġ
̳ȥʱ۲֪ʱԶһϲ裬ֱѡ˲Ҷ
ʱк˯£Ҳԭ
Ļùѡ˺ʵ˿
ѾϢ˹Ƽĳż֮ĶĵƼ˹ء

Ϊη粨ؼҶʱȦӵЦ
ͷļҺֵ֮仹ûеìܣҳ󲻿ɱϵĺг
յãûأͿʼǰʱع۲ƽϢãֳЦ
һΣعʮʶԼغ̫ݣԱߵׯѩҲ˰ֱӴ硣
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39 
˼, ݲպڣȻ, ϣغܹæǣϵ֣, ԲãϣܹƽԼ
ϧغݲû㣬ϵĺʰ, һֱ֤Լع, ԼҪνȻܹɹ
պӰҵĽԼ粨Ϊ֣Ļظ󣬳ؼҳȦЦ
ԶյֱӾܾ֣Ƣ˽ⲻˣʹͬ, ҲΪǣûǸҪ
Ǹ, ֣ͻջЩ, , ߰, Ͻ½ˡغݰ˰̫Ѩ, Ϊ¼ѹûҪٸա
ϵ֣˼Ҵû֣ǸǾͰ˵İ, ֱ̺ˡյֻ߬, ΥԼˡ
Ҷغݵĵ绰, յƽ, ΪԼ, ڲûµĹ˾ǩ봦²ǡ
Ǳô˵ܻϣܹƽԴҶá
˵֣ͬģԼ̡յһ˿
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ҲģΥԼĻ⼸һŬ롣մסԼ
һ̣غݲԹޣʱӰҵԼغһִٳɵ
뿪ϣôᱻ֣
պܴʦȥӰҵǱߣ񲿵ĲûΪǡ
ʦоյĺͬ˾ʤߵĿԻ㣬ûд˾ıҪ
Ѿ⸶ΥԼ׼⻰鲻䣬ֻɫ
߽մغݺúһģǵĸԷչԼ˵δһΣȴôҲϵغݡ

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ȥʱ;ЩͷΣٵϴ裬ڴ϶ѣεĸоüģԼ´ҲܺȾˡ
Ҫ߿ȥ壬ӲǣͷֻͿͷϢ
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ҲԣΪͽദò룬žŵ㣬ӲΪߴܵӰ죬ԶһĿʻá
죺лһμӰЭĻ
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˵ʱûʶԼ
͵ֵİģСδ͸ĸʱĻëƹģųĸо
죺ã
ʱһܿͰֻŹȥЩԺ뵽ԭȾҲдߵء
ͷǾԭЩҡ˼ֱüᶨеĵһĶΪʲôһأ
׷Ů޾̸׷Ůĵһôأ
ϣѵʧˣڵڶʱ¶ɫ
ҽԺ־ֹסĲӣǰɣ죬ݼٵôֵ˰˻㲡
Ͳó˵ѣЩڵıͷȥЩû˯á
źûУҴزأ־ŴŵĹʵ
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˵Ľܺ͵ġԹҪ׷ݵǸҽԺʱ򣬽Ľܱ꣬û֮ǰĽҲҽԺ۵һˡ
ֱ͵ĵ˴ҶԽĽܵĹעԭûʲôϾ֮ģ˽֮ϲúÿҲ֮顣
˲ͬңԭ죬ֱĽ׷ҽҽȴʾԼ͡
ԭ֮˽£;ôǣһĪҽʾãҲֱӾܾˣԭΪ¾ôˡ
뽯ĽԺ¾ҪߵͣʹҽȥѾ顣
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˵һѧУġ־Լ֪Ϣ͡
ͦõģҲûһЩеûġⲻá
ͦãⲻʷݣǸֿ𣿡־͵ļ򣬱Ͼһ֦ȫԺ֪
㻹浱˲ɣͲʧЦ
û취˭ڵСﶼһء־һΡ
𣿡һ˼ʱ㲻־еС
죬ôЩֵֹģƽԼ˵Щİ͹ˣھȻ˼
Ĵˣ°˾ȥϢǳԷΪݼ٣ÿ˹׼һԷ
УҿԳһٺõģز־ݺݵ
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־ܸܵ͵ã룬ݼٹȻǶԵġ
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룬ĽߵĿܾǰˣͲˣȥϴԼıӡ
ǰһ۾ͷ͵ӰЦſԱߵĽĽܣʦ֣ղŹȥľҽɣ
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Ҳ̫ϰˣȹȥˣһԷϵĻʾʱ䣬Ľܿڵ
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õʿ̨ʱ򣬾̸ͻϰ¡
ҽȻǰһϰ
ǽźõò˰ɣҽ
꣬˵Ժ²𣿡
ʿǵ̸ۣõԽˡ

ʱʱͷЩۣԼգôͼǲסأҲǾš
ϡǵͺϢʱæ򿪣ԼȻ
ڼȺϢһ㶼Ǵֵģ뵽æһһ㿪òû˵ʲôֵֹĻ
ˮϴھЩȥǣ֮ǰ˵԰¼ƿҪˡ
ѾڽǱߴһˣѡһЩʳ¸ȥ
ʱʱ򣬻û¼ʱ䣬ϽûʱͶι档
¥ֱӸ˵绰˳Եù˼ֱţ
ʱͷɢ棬ʧЦŮһżҪˣ
һⶫԼԴ¼գżѾԽԽԶˡ
ҲǣżҪҿ۶ȺܸŶ԰⵵˲ٸεķ˿Բ滹ǳ˲ٷۡ
ͦģΪ׵ģھʳйصҴԡЦŵ
˫Ѿ׽𣿡ʱЦſ棬ʾԼҲˡ
Ů̽ˣǸСȻϷҳԣҲָˣҴһ֣˵˵¡һ仰治ѹ
ף˳Ҫˣȹȥˡʱû뵽˼ˣǴ˼ʱ䡣
ôʱ̽ࣿ
뵽ᵽԭز۵ľվȳʱæ˼Ϣȥ
ʱ̽ô˵һҾľ
ʱϢһֱֻ߬ھһؿʼع
˼ǰ˳嵽ƬˣȻѹоᱬݿƺܵӰ죬ͷһļ١
˼Ϊʱ̫ˣû㡣
ʱΪ˼Ļ˲
ܿ찲οԼӦú;ûϵںӰҵԼҪ˾ȳҲҲŮѹء
ţʱϵ¶ʼ
ʱܵӰ
˼˭˵׼
ʱãæʱԼ
˼OK
ʱ½ң½СԺţЩϲ㣬
ɱˣܳˡǶʱ䣬½ɼӲһ׵¡
ٸ棬ҵȥĿǱˡʱûԼĹ
ʱ˲֪ˣľǽĿʱȥġ
ǽĿżȻܴүߣȫîṹɵģȫûнһŶ֮Ķ
ǻۣϧԸѧϰԽԽˣǾһڽĿҽʲôîṹ
ʱû뵽徹ȻԻлİװţ֯ĹүھȻôĲܴү
ʱûм֣ӦǺغԴһȥˣʵ˵˿һݣȷʵͦȵġ
ʱû뵽αǵĵһȻǽ³
ӦΪ³îṹʱǱߵļαõ³Щ¡
ʱú棬Ǳ߻жģԱߵ˵һԼҲùŽ⿪
ԭΪӦòѣʱȴŪ˺þòŴ򿪣αǱȴ򿪵ǹҦ棬һŮʤ
˸߲ҵصŽʱݸǽǴ³ʱЦˡ
Թ˲ܴүӣԼвܴүߡ
ʱֱĹһ̾ԭľԼҲô¡
ǰ˹ΣʹîṹԼ͡
ʱʱæֻ֪ԭîҲֺܶͣʱһΪ˵ǻ۾̾
ŻòܴүչʾȽϼ򵥵ֱͣĹѾڷˡ
ԸɷСѣʵҿǸСˡ
õ壺ҿǸСˣүүԷŴһ
ʱǵòܴүĶҲڼŲܴүѧĻǿԿӵ¡
ֱѺ飬Ҳǧٹ֡
ͣз𣬻ֶ֣ܵ
һԾϣҽ鲻ҪС棬Ϊһú۲
Сݳ̫ˣǸӤҪ
ֱĹڴ𶯣ԺλαҲľȣԭ
Щ󣬴ֿʼĲܴүͽûҪûУҪʧ
ܴү˰֣ǰľģֻǴڶˣҶӻһЩǲ
Щն汲ģԸѧϰЩ˺ܶ࣬˵£ܴүɫð
СΪ˸ĶСˣԸѧҲˡ
СӶˮǰɣܶĻûġ
Ϸ֪⣺Ҫǡ
ҵ̸ңʱҲǸпǧ
ȥʱ򣬳ºӢѾ˷½ŵԣӦڹԱߵӤС˯һ
ʱˣѶһգóԷˡºӢ
ϣҰŪá½æ
ųӣҪŵԡºӢٴѵ֮ǰһֱϣ½42죬ϧͬ⡣
֪֪½ȻӦţĶȴûͣ
ʱ˹ȥŷϼܴܲүЩߣЩƬӦ֮ǰĺõġ
Ҳ֪ǵֶܹáʱ̲סڵ
ϣܹȥɡ½

غ֪εعǿ϶û뵽ǻô˵ķʽ
裬㿪ţҹ˾һѵµءغݲϵŰ塣
ݣǹ˾ȱˣԺ϶ģǸѹͲҪׯѩ
裬Ƿģ֪֪غͼׯѩ
˵˵ʲôأֲִôˣׯѩ
ȻôţЩĲ̣뵽ͽҵĻ£ׯѩǵ㲻̺ܿͱ嵭һУΪá
ںͿԺ֪ԼȫΪ
ׯѩĶʧغܻŰ壬Ǽֱв
غԴ֣ľߣͶһ£ҪأغԴǰŶӹ֣һ滮
˽˵绰˻ҽӵ绰ȵҶϵ绰ﴽȷʵͷó£ںǣ浽һ죬غݻô
֣һΪרҵ½רҵȥغԴ˵绰һЦ⣬ʵʲô·
Ȥ¡غԴЦ⡣
Ͻ˵˵֣һڴ
غݱͷȥˣѾ޺ͽҵĶˡ
غԴ˵֣ͶOˣܹԹȥ磿
ǸͷӵĵˡغԴܺ游˭Э
Ȼع߳һͲغݶܵͻȻЩ棬ͷӻʲôвغأ
һ죬Ӧܸϻȥɡ֣˷ܣôõĻᣬôֳܲء
ҵӶûȥٿҲҪһˡغԴĻ֣һߵҲæˡ

îṹһڣڶĿȥ˸ڴȡʱøȥб
ܴѾԺˣȥܴ̽ǡ
ܴ忴ܸˣ˳ѯ͵Ϣܴһźûüúøлҽͻȥˡ
͵ĽǶҽĿ϶ʱЦŵ
ǲһҶ͵ģҿɶûлҽСʱҽĵַûĵ㻨ҹȥԼֵġܴеҪԼл⡣
ʱæ˰֣Ҳ֪ʵҽҲ̫ġ
ʱ֪ԼĻܴûУѯܴܿ뿪Լһûסͳ͵ĵַ
ʱյݵϢЩɻ˭أȡݵȥϲУ½Ҳʮӵľ롣
Թֱȥȡ˿ݣļµգ˴𰸡
ԭΪͼĹͨлû뵽ȻרҵĻ㹤ߡ
ʱյˣô뵽
ûаĹһʱʱ͵ŵʱ
죺ӦҪӰЭƼģʱӦҲҪ˳ֶһݡ
ʱ֮ǰȷʵ뷨һֱûʵǾлл
죺ллչ˲ǡ
ʱȥܴ̽壬׷ĵַһҪĻҡ
죺ûɣ
ʱ£
죺ǾûˣԣﲻԼǵøҡ
ʱãǲˡ
˵һҲţԲʱ
ʲôأ־˹
ֻĻѾƵֻ˼׷Ůض
ƿ־չԴͷֻУ
ⲻǹôհǲˡ־һİԡ
ûе£˵Ƴһۡ
û𣿡־üõ
Ϳһۣϣ
ܰҿ϶վߵģ㣬ĽܾҪˡ־˵겻ҡҡͷ
ˣû¾ͲҪᣬ֮ǰûʲôǱֵһҲûʲô顣
ǣ죬İɣθڡ־һؿ͡
˵ǣ𣿡ʵ
ˣأǣ죬ôоȥһˣ仯Сǲʲôҡ־˵ΧһȦסش
ʲô仯ô֪ü
˵һݶȥȦҲ¡־ɺ
һƫƧĵطĿǰûһƼ㡣ͲȷϵĶȼٴĿ᲻ѡ壬뵽ʱڴϣܹ
Ա߷ŵֻղŸʱĻҲȷʵѣЩȷʵ˫ݣֻ˳ǸŶԡ
´μӰЭĻҲɺһȥˡ
ͶӶЦ־ʮֲ͵ļ򣺡¥ȱȣ
ҴϢ¡;ܾ顣
ƽʱǲݵ𣿡־ٴξͲԾ
Ҳ˵ƽһ˵ȥһԼŰ࣬絽ղϰ࣬ȥһˡ
ŶԣȥʱҲڣᵽᣬôˣֻܴǱˡ
ûнĿ㣬ʱЩϰߣβڼٲϰҲϰˡ
ĿǰĿЧǰװŮĵ꣬ǹүƷܴүߣ˲ٶ
ʹ԰ȻٺͪAҶ¼ܣ½׼ϼܵ£һӾæƷ飬˵ļһֱӦ
Ͷŵļ绹û󣬹µˣһرãܹ֤һУʱҲǼ
ʱ׼˯£ҹСϢ
һһѡ
ʱˣ
عȥʱ˳ҳ棬㿪ѡ
ѾȻպغݷ֣ʱܿ˻ȥظ档
ʱˣ֮ǰҲĴ
ǲŵģһͿλһ𣬲ΪսԼ¾ͷְɡ
һһӦģ˱ϣغҪͽǧ𶩻飬ÿα϶ġ
ʱˣ飿
һһںţôܻɣŵġ
رսԼ£ֵ÷з˵ΥԼģⲻؼҵ̬
ʱˣҲǣϢģCP۹Ҫ
ʱ룬ҲųܣϾһнпܡ
Ƿ־ζžọ̈̄˵ǸϢ
һһȲӦҾ˯ˡ
ʱˣ˯ɣ첻ǻҪ㡣
ʱ˵˸Ƿˣ˯ˣŮֲֲܸıģسԹϾͺˡ
Ȼ֪ĴģѹҪϵغݣ˲õԤС
ѾӰҵ˳ԼڽǢµĹ˾ڴϢ˵
óֻٴϵغݣõĻӦǹػ
նŲĻȶȣ²غڴѾؼҡ
յһκԼΪʱغЭˣʱţôڵĴ᲻ֲһ
ûܸ𰸣ֹµغڵܴҲµˣ֪ܴѾڿǷˡ
֪պܲܣѹһϣռһҹߣֱڶϰ˵㡣
ϺͽϹ˶ĺϢȻ׼ջʧִĲ
л˵


40 
ؽϷֱӱ, նŵϵĲƬ˶Ӳסˡ
Ȼ֮ǰѾ˲², ĵһ, ŷܱ侲뵽غݾҪͱ˶ˣﻹǻʹ
ʱ, Ѻ͸Ϻɫı֣ѺȻԼ
΢ͳ֮Ժĳ, Ҷڷѯôһ¡
մǷһĨЦҲ֪ô£ѹϵغݡ
ܵĵ绰ܿ, ȲҪӦȵǱߵϢ
˵, ڱֳĬõ, ǱֻǱҳԧ, ܺߡ
׵, 硣չҶϵ绰űָ׿Ƶġ
ô, ҵҪġѵ룬ֿҲδһ, λ, ջܵõһЩ, Ժ֪ô
, , ҶףҵҪģǰˡȻЦţȴЦỨ
ҵģغҲģЩºעܳɹ
ڼغݶϢȫȻ֪ҲҪ뿪¥¶бڶأ̣ʱиͷͷġ
ׯѩƣͼԼ뿪߸Լֻ˾һµ
ׯѩľܾٴѣˣСԼĵһλĵһλǮƵλڶλԼȻعԼ
غݴЦһǴ󶯸ɸ꣬϶ڳıʲôĿܾԼ顣
عһζֶΣغٴʶԸĸǰ䣬Ŀԡ
ׯѩٴιʱغ̧ͷ䵭˵ɣҺ˭飿
ׯѩЩȵؿ㶼֪ˣ
ֻңҲܣҪ˾¡غ룬Ǳ߹ҲѾ֪ϢˣҪϽǡ
ݣֵһȦӶЦǼңֺ鰡ǵŵԵĲǣ̫Сϲ̨档ׯѩһĿġ
ֻҡغݲϻ
ڻʱ򡣡غǿӲɫׯѩЩڵıȥع˵ˣ֮ǰϵ硣
ȵׯѩ뿪غЩ߷ӣֻܶһ뿪ˡ

ʱǱ΢ųѵģùֻһȫˢˡ
һһ
һһˣ֮ԺBEˡ
һһڵ˶û
һһѵغǱƵģ
һһһھǶ磬еϰܾй¡
ʱˣĵ硣
һһˣûȵӦ˯̤ʵ
ʱˣ氮ôûһ谭أ˵ʲôΪʱ磬ȵ˶
˵ɡ
ʱȻμ磬ڻƶġ
һһôһ˵ģ氮ôܲžŰʮһء
ʱˣҵȥˣȻ
ʱ¥ʱ򣬳ºӢѾѹ˲ϣЦų֣СʱϽǽԵ㲻һġ
ʱ߽֪ǾԲЦ⣬żζҲͦá
Թʱֱȥ˽ĿǱߣΪ֮ǰֱôƷƷԼܴүЩߣ˲ٶôǷ׷׿ʼͽĿëԼһٶýĿЦá
ĿĺǽͣȻԸ뿪ô֪أ
ΪĶˣർΪΣʱæͶȥĿ⡣
ʱҲû뵽ǻֳһϵΪ׵סںӱߵĺӡ
ӣĿнĿİţǾͱΪˣ֮ǰ֧Ļ𣿡ʱǡ
Ϊʲô壬ЩͿԣǼҵĶͲˣӿЩˡ
ΪЩǰԽԽˣϡΪ󡣡ʱĽ͵
ӻ˵ʲôԱ˳˳ӵ߰ɣ֧֮ǰ˵ˣ˭ҪӰ㣬˭ǽˡ
ӺϽһ뿪ߡ
ʱ½ĿӶӰ쵽ߣæ͵ʵûжģֻԼȡһ¡
Ҷףֻ˵Щֻ̫ܾܾർСƢ͵
С󣬸Ҳʼ¼ʽʼˡ
ʱƳ۵׶ڲסĺȦɷ±˲֪ǳԹϴ
ֱҲ֣˶Ǵ΢Ǳ߹ġ
ӲԴУ֣ȻڣС׼
Ье䣺ȻǣǮ˻ҪԶ֣
Сݲݣֱ֣ǼʶºŵĶ硣
óԣûᡣ
һ꣺ܲȥЩ
ΪĻֱܿ徲٣ǰɺܶࡣ
ǽӽβˣĿķˣԴֵɡ
Щʱǰ֪ģΪͽĿһǰʹ﹵ͨˡ
½Ǳߵóݣ԰󣬴϶Խ̸۶˺ܶ࣬úֹܶԭס⡣
͹Ѿָ޵ˣĻдķϸ죬ֻҪھͿˣɱͣʱ٣ġ
ʱͦãǳԽĿõʱȻȵ԰ȶȹˣҲ
½һǸжɣѾʼԸ˼ˣԼ
ʱЩϾͶżũֶҪٱǮ
ĿǰĻر㲻Һ͹˵ˣΪޣֳȥϰ࣬ÿɾڡ½һЦ⣬ʱհǰ˺󷴶ʧȥ˻ᡣ
ڽȶǽĿģҪڱȶȣҪʵ˷С
֮ǰ֣˵ĶȼٴĿ½ӦǻˣȻʱǱӦúڽǢˡ

ԭҪһЩ飬û뵽Լһڡ
ĩӰЭлһɡ
Ҫǻ֮ǰ϶ἰ£Ϊ֪һæ
βһϴƼĶϰ˵ˣ˫ݡ
ͣҺþûˡ
Ҳ͸дѧΨһİˣΪѧҵǳˣڻлʰ
ϰ˵˫豸ѵǴ˵ģ
ͣǵǣҲ¼Ĵ㡣
ãҿһۣ˳ѽϡ
²ӦöͺҪ뻹Щء
ĻͶסҪʱ᲻ͼ̫ԣ
ûлظǱֺܿ췢Ц⣺ģҾ˵ڿ͸¶һ
ͣҪǰ㡣
ԥ£ջǸʱϢ
죺ĩӰЭлȤ
ʱôУ
죺ţҲѽ
ʵ˵ԴӴֱϰǰʱﶼΧžԭ³ֱ˳ϰ࣬Լİá
ǰμֻ໥ĵãͦȤģЩĶ
ʱҪȥ
ȫİ˵ĳʱЩԥ룬ҪͲȥȼӰЭȺϻȥμ»
죺ĩպʱ䣬ȥѧϰѧϰ
ʱǾ鷳ҽһˡ
죺ãʺ˾ʱصϵ㡣
ͷֻʱ̲ס룬㲻ǵĵһԼᡣ
ôһԼӦʲô׼أ;Լȥ鹥ԡ
ҽԭ߰һЦݵؿ͡
𣿡ЩԼԭ
ʮ˵Щ˼سЦЦʦ鷿ʱ˵Щס
ʮҽȻҲųԼôһ˽ģͦģʦ˵Щһ

ΪغԴֱӸ֣һŶӸȼٴĿǷ
֣𴲵ʱغԴѾڴ˸ǷȻùԱߵֻʱ䡣
մֻͿ͹ѣ͵ʱǰ˵㣬Ѿʮˣֻܵ鷿
ԴǲѾ֪ˣֻ֣ǰơ
Ҳϸ֪غԴǴӹ˾Ǳ֪Ϣ
µûʱպĩܹϵϲμӡ֣Ц⡣
ڹ׼£ʹ߰ɡȻȥ˿϶ᱻׯѩʹ
Ҫȥˣ֣˵꣬ŷغԴѾߴͦʱˡ
ҪɹһˣһȥǱߺ̸⳥¡ãͲͽǱȷˡ
ãʱҺһߣһԶߵĽȵġ֣˷ܣĵһĿҪʽˡ
Ҳôࡣ
û£ʱȥȫSPAȻĩȥ硣֣ĩĶǺڴҲ֪غݻ᲻һӻ顣
غԴƺС˼ͷӼȻô϶аԹԶ顣
ؼǻٴȦЦ
еǲ֪ˡ֣룬ʶһķϣҪԸ⣬Լ԰ֳ
е˽⣬Ӧò
ʱ֪Ŀʵʱ½ȫһظСʱ֣ܺҪ
ΪĿҪչ𣿡˵¼Ƶһ졣
ǣǴ¡½ȫЦݴӻû
ȼٴĿˣʱ²
ԣ˵ǹ滮λú̸⳥ģԺǽͲǰĽˡ½ȫǼ
ȵϵľϵ׳ҲҪȥˣڼһС
֣ȻǸ۲۵жɡʱҲ̲ס˷
ɲǣһΪ°˳ǻأû뵽ȻˣǲǾ˵һ塣½ȫ˵ԼЦ˳
ǻ𣿡һԥ
ôȶȣøߵķ羰½ն
ΪϢʱڶѵú磬һһܣţĩӰֶ˼ڴ
֣غԴԼǵĹŶڶܴ󣬰ǵĹ滮˻ռأһЩݡ
ȻֻԵĹ滮ǽһ滮ʱᾡܿЩݡ
ʱǵĽ̸岻ϻԹС鶼ȥμӴˣǷ־ŽΪġ
ŽȺ²ۣɸ˵ٶȣο϶ǵףҪʱڣϣһΣڲ롣
ʱһϢΪԸ죬ԣԸָ÷ǳʱط־֡
Ȼʱųڽ壬ѡĻϲľǱ߶һ㣬Ǳ־ͬϵС飬Լ̲衣
Ϣʱ˵ȷʵǺϢ߶ȼٴĿҲ䶨ˣԼ´ιʱ򣬾ο͵ݹˡ
ʱ㿴𣿡֣ͻȻ˹
˵ķ˽ģ룬һܿġ
Ϊνİ飬ʱ޹·ˮڲ³;ôġ
ˡʵ֣̫ԡʱֻôش
ģغ϶ûеӻ飬ͷӲѣһ־ǴУͿյķӦˣҪܳڶϾ͸ˡ֣Խ˵Խ˷ܣܹغݣܸ߿һۡ
Ӧò֡ʱҡͷӦòԼľء
⵹ǣֻҵϣˡ֣Ҳ֪һġ
ȵǱ̸òʱ֪εͶʲϵ壬Ƿ塣
ǰϹŶǲͬģԾԼͶˡ֣û˵ǣʱĿԴãô͵˽˶ȼٴ壬пմһɡ
ʵع滮Ȼ⳥£ЩȻ֣Ϊ
غԴֱȥϷɻ֣󣬴ŽĿһȥľǱ߳տغԴһ뷨ٻȥׯѩʹĻᡣ
Ŀ뿪ýָֻյƽȼٴĿѾڴﴫԴҷ֮ǰӸˡ

ΪؽҶϢѾûˣ罻׷ʣǷֵ£ȥԹеЩ⡣
úϢ£˳úԺ·ôߡ
ͬһϵˣܿϲغ̸ϣϴ嶯Ϊٳ֡
ΪؽҶ˿ǰȶȣмҹ˾׳֦һߵĺں·ߣҲףʱǿеĲϵĻˣܶؾˡ
Լǰ׵Ӷˣʲôģ
֪غݲôЭˣڵȣķӦڵûɣһӦò˰ɡ
ĩںܶ˵ڴһ죬ڶڴĺǿǿ֡
֣һۣѾӦ˿Ķ鲼ֳƬǳأû˵֡
ܿط˿ѾˣԴҸڴտ㵽
ʱҪȥвμӰЭĻ֪ӰȤԺ֧μĻ
໹ЦŵϴȥչĵƬҶ˵ĵúá
Ժȥ棬ҾǵӰʦʱЦ˵
ʱԭעȦϢԴʱȦעʹʱȦһ꣬ϰ߻ûĹ
ؽҹϢԼϲϰյϢʱ̲סһ˺ʱʱǲΪԼ氮޵ˣڲЭˣӵ氮

°࣬ʱľȥв㿪̫ˣʡʱʡ
ϵѯķʽ𿪳Ҳ
ʱʮ㣬ϱа࣬ǰ־˰ࡣ
ʱԭ붩ĸľ˵һһҲ飬ϾĻһһ²һΡ
ʱԱͷ㵽ʱڸƵ꣬ҶͲҪеϢ
֪µ˼ڲ֪Լ˼ȻӦ
ʱԭ͸ԼַʱֱӴ򳵹ȥУͼվ
ʱϸŴӹķ羰һʱĸоЩ죬ȻǵһԼһ뵽վܾͣЩֵֹġ
пɱȿˣõĶ³⣬ʱվͿվȺе͡
ʮµ׵Ѿ죬ºţп㣬·У԰Ĵѧ
ʱ߹ȥֽӹ䣬Цŵ֪֮ǰͲЩĹˡ
˭Ҳ֪ôӰʱ̯֡
ʱԣȥƵŶֱӹȥѾǰʱ˾Ƶꡣ
Ҷ˷䣿ʱʵ
ţҪҾ֮ɡͰʱ֮ǰĻ
ǾȥƵŶɡʱͰԼŽᣬԥ£˸ʻĳţܲİ˾ɡ
˾Ƶ꣬Ͱʱᵽſڣڵ´㣬ʱ仹ü㲻ż
ãҺܿʱóţʵء
һ·̬ЩףΪԼǿˣ˵뷨
뵽ʱԼգԼֹͣЩ׵뷨
뵽ͻڵµԼæ䣬óҪĶ򿪷ǰ̲סױݣ˳㲹ں졣
ԼΪҪȥӰЭˣԼױݣⲻһòΪ
¥ʱ򣬾ͿǱߵڿƵϵ־ԱŮң㣬һᣬʱеһǰ˵ʲô
Ȼжξ룬ʱģƺҪ΢š
ʱЩ͵Ļش𣬼ҡҡͷ˵ĻΪպԱֻû
ΪҶ̧ͷҲܿ췢ʱ󲽳ԱߵŮҲܿ뿪
ʱŴ󲽳Լ߹ֹ߽ͣӹĶ߰ɣ
ǸղҪ΢𣿡ʱʵʳͺˣôתƻ˵Ļش
ǣ·ϧҲ߲Ϥﲻǡͽ͵
ʱƲƲ죬ƭˣҪˣĻᱻŪȥ
뼯ϵĹ԰ԶʱƺЩţʵҲǵһβμǵĻ
ģʱһɵؿ͡
ţյҽԺʱ򣬲ŵ˵æÿ˯һʱ䶼ûУ΢һ㣬ԾǰȤͽ͵
Ҳǣ֮ǰ͸սλѹûʱ䡣ʱиͬصͷ
ܿ͵˼ϵĹ԰ͣó˳żϵĵطȥԶԶؾͿˣüȻû´
֣ͣߡ
ʱǱߣͽ͵ǰѧӰʶѣҲֻʶһ
ò˵͵ⷬʱһŸʧԭΪֻԼһͬѧͻȻ֪ԼѺԼһҲͬѧĸоò˵һ˰ĸо
ԱߵʱһľˣȦ˽Ҳ࣬Եǲʶʱ
Цſͣһ£
ѣʱͽܵüΪ򵥡
ʱͷãʱ
ʱôɣʹѧʶˡһЦؿʱ
ʱڣԱߵ;Ϳڵ߰ɣǸϽȥһβμĻܲܳٵɡ
ʱ͸˼ϵ㣬˽ܸңʱû뵽Ȼ˻ϳԼ룬ҺòĺڷۣȻⳡѿˡ
ұΪȤһ𣬿ʱⲢȤܿת˵Ļ
ʹ᣺𣿡
ʱ̧ͷЦЦû¡
ǱҲǰʱûҪϵġ
Ҿһ𣬶ʲôõƷ߷ʲô˳Ԫ¡
˵ǻʵǾۻᣬպɣһʼʱЩнΧɵպܿȾܿԱߵһϴĵľջ
ľջ֮ǰʵܾûˣԷ˺ܶೣʶԴԱߵһһ
ʱ棬ҲԱߵ͡
͵Լܿ˹ѹʵʲô⻹ǵһοߵô
һ߰ڶԼһ߻ش㿴ס֮ǰ˵ĻҲŵ
˵꿴ֱֶ˸ĶתͷԼ
ʱԭΪԼһʹҶ죬᲻ڣʵȫ෴Ҷܺദ
߹԰ܹԼտǹʱѾ˹ߺʳģʱЩ˼ʱȥϺʳ
˵ȥڿˡЦŵ˸տˡ
տʱ򣬴ҽ̸öʱ֪һСǴӱĳиϹģˣҪôˣҪôй
ʱһֱںԱߵС죬վԱտվñֱһĸˢͣٷԼŵϣӣ·дҽѧ档
ʱתͷʧЦҽһ㡣
תͷݸһ᣺ҵһο֪ζô
ʱļᣬ῾ýƣ滹͹⣬ۣһʳĴָͺܺóԡ
ʹζȱʲôҡ
תսȥ˻԰һǣʱһֱʶѽ΢ţ˳Ⱥ´λдȥء
ʱȤ֪ԭǵĻص㲢ÿζУȥĵطȻ˳ȥصľա
ʱڴ̲סʵ´ʲôʱ
Ϸֿʱ䣬ʱһδϧеĻֻһ죬ֻڴһˡ
͵û뵽ôϲ˾Ƶþÿϧÿ¶У´λлġ
ãȥ·Сĵ㡣ʱֵ
ʱص䣬ȻˣҲۣھƵԡף˸֣ѣ㿪һԭΪ충ʾõҪŻ˹
ȫǹʻúͼƬʱҲغݺͽǧ𶩻ӡ
л˵


41 
ÿйض黰Ѻض, ؽҹϢԺ󣬳֮Ժĳÿ춼˴, ϣλܹ¡
ôˢ, ûκλӦӪɹÿߵʱ䣬δӦ
Ϻüֲ²⡣
óԣҲһ, ֪Ϣ
ֻҪúõģЩҵǲģҹĵ˷ûУ
̫죺˵ô, λС㲻֪˵£
ȫҵģҪŵԣ鲻Ҫ
СС󰮳ףˣ˵СҲԼء
Ҫ㽶һǱȽ뿴װõ˵һõ壬ΪСϲɫ, Ȼžǲһ
ȵңĽˣ֣ɹͼ, 뿴˹õʲôͬ
Ҳ֣ͼƬ, ʹ, ȻغʱԼܾ, ҲǽĻ档
ϧҪ, ȴǺԼ
ʱӪɹߵʱ䣬ӦҲܼ尾Ͼ֣˵, غȫʧ״̬
ҲؼҸĸغ뷨, غһһˣҲ֪عʲôֶغЭ
ʱɨһ۲õݻ, ȻǺ, õ嵽, ƸƯɣϧȥõ廨
뵽ʱ˸Ƿ̫ģҲˣֻ׼˯ˣ컹Ҫϸ
̫ʹӾƵȥʱΪѾ˯ˡ
ſĸĸЩȣ裬ǻû˯
ʱ仹磬ȥˣЩȡ
ţպǰŵ˵лҾ͹ȥջΪᡣ
͸ȤûҪչġ¾ͦãȫرǷʦ£¾аҲǺõģиС
ҲáͲ䴽ǣʱһʼڴ´εĻ
˯½ЩʧߣڿСʱƬ̾ǿǷࡣ
ƳϵƬǡɿԼűһСӤԱ˫һֱţСˤˡ
˭ָƬϵСӤһӡûС
ʱǴȥ̽Ҫűá˵ԼЦ˳ʱÿ죬һգǶôˡ
𣿡ЦһȻʼƬԭôʶ
ɲǣǰҪʲôǴιǵǸá£µǻ
Ͳ֪ʱûƬƳһԵĸĸԲʱ
͸ĸļ䣬;ͻ˷䣬ͻ˷䣬²ſӳоʱ䣬͵Ժ˺ܶ࣬ȥ͸͸ҲǶԵġ
⼸ѹ̫ˡ˵ŲҡҡͷΪǷĹϵҶҲڴΪ˲ʧֻܲŬеѹֻԼ֪

վǶ磬֣ȫSPAͷҲ˻ǰȥۣʻû඼Ѿþλ
ƬϾֱȥ˻غԴع
֣ˢԼµۣغԴϳЩȣôڼϢ
ڼﻹ㡣ǶûعǱߡ
һֱȥƵˡغԴüģ⼸ĳЩƣ룬ȥع˵̡
֣ϵľɫæͷãٹȥ
֣û뵽ԼļƬȻѣתͷԱߵ˷ŷѾ˯˹ȥ̾˿ϣæµ
뵽绹Ҫȥֳȫ֣Ҳæֻ׼˯
㣬˹õͱ߻˾شֳʼֳ
۵õֳ֣ͼƬׯѩһĲҪʲôĵȥ
ҲҪǰԤˡ֣һνؽҹ˾Ĺٲֳᷢյġ
ׯѩ˵ʲô֣֪ʣ̣ôûҲҪǰȥŮ𣿡
ȻãֺͺлҪ̸¾͵ˡׯѩһӣغԴôŬȨ߲㣬Ƚ϶صţׯѩʱ
֣ׯѩֳݵıγ֪ׯѩ뷨̲סЦһڿʼЦδҲ̫һ㡣
عڿֽһģֱܼ棺үԸ⻻·
غݿ̬ܵع֮УıֽܼҰ˰֣ʾԼ¥С
ĽŲغݣع߬ȭͷ˼ԼķAԼB
ݣЩһֱǴˡعûмŴߴ·˵
֣˵ҵĻ²Ϊ潻غݵɫҲ
ϺΨһǿ¡
ⲻ潻ǿǿ֡ع˵Ҳϻ
Ž뿪Ļǰ裬ڵĹ˾ԼλС㡣ع˵ùܼƽغݲһƵ
غݵɫԽԽ䣬̧ͷعʲô
ҲʲôжӰľϵĽӰҲǷ㲻ɣԼúɡع˵겻غݣֱ¥
ߵ¥ݿڣغݷ䴫ˤعҡҡͷ⺢ӻǲȡ
ʮʽʼӴδʱһһתţʱָžʱ¥ݿڴ˶
иغߵعǰޱ
غ¥ʱعԤƵʱССʱصͷ˵˵
Ҫֻغݵһξ裬ڻЭ

Ϊǰ˸Ʊʱӣӳѵζܣһ˯شӴӣȵ΢ȥϴ
ʱȥ˷ʱſڴǱߵͣǰһ˶ˣ
Ҳյĸȥ͵ʱ仹𣿡ţ̡
ʮ㣬ü͡ʱͷ
߰ɣȥ׷ۡʱȻӹ䡣
ʱıӰ࿴һ룬Ȼܿȥ
ϰ׷۵ʱʱֻͿȫڵȴʮĵ
ܴϲغݺնûӦԽĶھ/ͷ/
СèҪ㣺ѵ˽ɣ
ţҪգһأϾغ֮ǰôߵϰգȫпܡ
ڹܵÿ죺ôһ룬Сʵҡ
©ңʲôòҵģⲻԼѡ·
ɽ髰ˣнǧûҪǵǰɡ
ֹѺ棬ʱʵҲܺⳡǷܹɹھС
ֱ׷۱ʱֻھķչѾȫ²ˣҲֻܻԹȺڡ
̧ͷһ۶ˣҲֻЩ棬ѵҲڳԹϲɣ
ķۣʵڿʲô
һƬҪ𣿡ƬǵĵһźգϴϷĹġ
ʱҡҡͷеƬûȤͼ״ҲֻܿȺʵĻٸƬ

⼸˵ӺѰǽϵʱӣŵʮʮӣ뵽̲ס߬Լġ
ŵʮʧʮغݷϢ
գ²ܷʲô£Ҫţ㡣
Ϣղɱ۾ڵ޷ǾǸԼ¶Ļᷢ
̧ͷĨϵ飬üᶨùֻͨܵĵ绰磬ʮ׼ʱɡ
ȷܶŲĻ⣬²ⶩӦǰ϶ˡ
ûʲôȷˣȻѾ飬ȻҪ˿CPһյеļᶨ
ôͺáܾҲã˽ʱؼҲٴѹղǡ
ŵʮغڳڶֳڻױ䲹ױغݹϢһΪغݽ첻ء
û뵽ˣһʱ䲻ЩʧĶ粻Ὺ촰ˡ
ȴźɫӳĵò֣ɾÿϧôõغݣǿϧˡ
ϧСˡ֣һϧ
ƶԽ˵ҲȨ֮ơغԴ֪һġ
֣úô˵
֮ǰѧͬѧҲͬ⡣غԴôΪλǰѡ幫˾
֪Ҳǽȵı⣬֣ЩͬʱҲԼϲˣǡþͬȦӵˡ
׺ŷɫõ壬첻˵Ķ磬Ϊףؽ״κ
غߵͷϣ˧Ůغݵ滹Ǻõġ
غȲջԼĸ첲Ҳ⣬Цһģⳡ飬Ҳˡ
ʮؽҹ˾ٲ˶ƬյĹҲ˷
Ȼǵ壬ɻܽǱ֣ΪʲôڷΪڲȷ
仰Ϊֱغݵ˶ֳŲòԼǱµһ
յͬ飬һʱ䣬ȫա
ܺܿ绰иֱ֣ʻ漰˽⣬⵵ĿӿʼڣڱһֱԼǰɡ
ÿˣȥӰɡᶨϣֻ߬Լģᱻᡣ
ã㣬ڵ״̬ðɣʵ
һ㲻Ǹл𣿡նžΪǱԼ
ʵ㲻᲻Щ¹̲ѵ
İɣ׵ġյԽᶨ
ֳغݵûӰ쵽ֳ£Ȧÿ춼ţֵöף󲻶ùԹԻԴҶѾֲˡ
峯غԴ򸾾ģΪźΪܿӻֳأ
ͷӻֺ׼ˣغԴ˵һģ췢һж֮С
˵Ĺ˾ҲǱүвһ֣˵ɢҲ˰ɡ˻ıӣһζ
غԴЦ⣬ǽ֮ǰѣ˾Ҳ֮ϲ
Ǿǰףһ¡ЦźغԴ
غǶ֪֮շ˷ģóֻҪϵգŷԼϵʽڣغݲüҲûҪȥա
عվǰڳȥһһ˶š
Ҳˣ㻹ô뵽յһһͷӶָƣغ߬ȭͷֱϵ˳
ҲϣκӰϵۣͽҵĺ㸺𡣡ع˵꿴һغݣӦ֪ôѡǡ
ǳ̸ʮʱܻӭĽĿĿȡֱʽ˺ͼα̸ʽ֡
ȻĿǳ̸ʮӣʵϲֹʮӣǰСʱʻϬȦ⵵Ŀķˡ
ǳ̸ʮӷųļαʱȶȾһֱûжϹ
ʱľ˹ؿʼԹϣյķԼǳ̸ʮӷųļαüһΣҪ¶ĸҵˡ
ǲ֪غǱ߻ôʱ룬ھọ̈̄Ҳ֪Ů󻹻᲻һ
ѾʱװȽӵʱĵ绰
ʱЩʱʱ绰磬ôˣ
ľˣʱʵ
ţջһᣬôʱֱӦ¸Լ
վˣεʺϴβࡣʱʵҲܺ棬ϴѾܾǣΪʲôҹ
Ƚʱ²
صҾܾվȻҴ˵绰ʾ֮ᣬϣҪΪǵӰҵжϡ
Ȼ֪ǵĹϵʱüԭû͸¶˵ϢǱţô֪ģ
ԼΨһ֪ǵĹϵֻ棬ʱܿͷϣ治ˡ
ҼңҵһԭˣܲµҲ⡣ʱƫѾµġ
磬¹Ĺʲôù˼ҡʱ
ȻҶȦκίжûȤֻ㡣Ҳʱ绰Ŀġ
ãһע⡣ʱյԸӦòԼǡ
ʱû뵽ûԼľ˵ǺԼϵϣܼ˵˵
ˣҺС㲢ûʲôᣬ̸ϰ˵ʱʦǱߣҲӰľߣǲð׷ѹˡʱҶϵ绰˳ڡ
ܵɫվ֪ܾˣ׼ϵķ̸״ֱӵ磬ǻʦɣһҪλʱʦ
ֻˡЩεص˵ͷ

Ϊ͹־˰࣬ʱ͵վ;ͻҽԺ
Ź־ôЩȡ
ڼҲû£ȥϢ
аɣһȥ˯һ°ȥ𣿡־˵Ŵ˸Ƿûһˡ
ˣûʱ䡣ʱ䣬ʹйӰ֪ʶ´λʱҪȥ̱ˡ
־Щ⣬Ϊ಻ܾĻû뵽ξȻܾˡ
šͺĽ͵
ĩֵȹһ㣬ȵ־뿪ͣ;յʱϢʾѾľ
Ц⣬Ҫˡҵ
Ȼǻÿλ󶼻ӦġҵΪһεĻ׼
ʱǱߵزĶǡ
ʱһ͵棬ǵƵƺòƸ˺ܶࡣ
»¼ȻƵʱƵ񲢲ų⣬뵽ʱ̲סùԱߵͷͷǸ˼

ȻؽһԷغһֱϵգǱߴ֪Լİ붼ȫҶϡ
ܣͷͷǺܿͽͨܣ
ܵĻԱյĶһ٣ܵݹĵ绰ܵ˼ԥ£ûоܾݹĵ绰ңա
գϢյ𣿡
յˣҪҽϹһĶʵǼٵģǳ
ֻȨ֮ƣԼһᾡȡغݳĬ£Ž͵
ûϵغݣǱ˵δҲκǣ˵ֱӹ˵绰
غŵ绰ﴫʾͷѾҶ˵绰
֪Ϣû뵽һغüģôͲԼĿԣڵ֮ǽԼ¡
һعһЦ⣺Ժҵĺ£߾ɺݸ𡣡
֣һĲƽؽҵĺǽϵҪĿԴÿڹ˾࣬ôغݣ֣ɳغԴȥ
һ۵飬غԴᳯҡҡͷعһһӣٸһ棬ҲغݱȶĲο˵ⷴǸᡣ
ǱߺԸҵĺˮƯ
һȥϱһҪһغ˵겻ڳ˵ķӦֱ뿪ȥǳ̸ʮӽĿǱߣӦûܼա
ҿغ뿪ɫЩãȴͷЦһΪغݲӣΪغݲ
ֻ棬Ļĸܣ뵽ȵָ׿ٽƣϵЦվɣ·뿪˲δ
ׯѩЩڵؽ͵Ǳ⣬֮ǰĹ˾ѻ˲£ҪȥǱߣȥ˾¡
ڳĶǴˣغ뿪ΪʲôȻׯѩ˽ڣȻ𴩡

ʱû뵽һĩʱ䣬½֯˸ң˷䣬ޣʱ¥䣬ȫϡ
ѾܹҸղſ£Ѿˡ½˷ܡ
ڽĿֱȻˣȵųӦûȶȡ
ԣڷޣҽĿȶȻŽĿ뿪ɢҪο½Ѿʼ滮ǹܹʲô
֮ǰ㣬ʱҲܵ㡣ʱ
ⲻӱȻûнĴ϶ǲеġ½룬ڷͬʱҲ÷ŴȥС
ԺƸٺͪAҳʱʱ룬ҶڲժȤǱȽϴġ
ǻ㷢չ԰⻹Ҫӳ飬Ұֵ˼ǣϵڵĴһ𿪷½Ҳʮе
ˣǹ滮ôˣȷ˾ռλ𣿡ʱĵʵ
ûأھҶܹע¡ȼٴĿ½һЦ⡣
¹شҵ棬ҹҲʱǵĹע
֣ǱĿǰ⳥ҾûУĻҪȷÿһ˼ͷϲŻʽ˵⳥¡
ҲҪһ˰ɣ⳥⣬ȼٴĻҲܴߵľáʱôòҪġ
ԣʱÿÿزҲˣˣӼȡۣҴҪҪ𣿡½ʵ
ʱǵùкȷ۵ϰߣǵͷȥʱһ
ҵķڣҪȥľǱ·ϵķ䳲ǶǸ۷ιǡ½ѵ
ʱľ·ϣȷʵüƤӣü䡣
Ⱥ˻ﲻ䣬Ȼÿյķ۲࣬ôЩǮȺгۣڴԽԽ٣ϾæôãôǮҶ⡣ڽΨһһˡ
ȷʵΣеȷʵƷʣ;öǷۣΪʲôеôˣƾʲôô󡣡ʱҲеΡ
ʱյŸϢǶҪȥᣬʱ⻹ʱһοᡣ
磬ʱſԹСֶӷϢǿԽŽߣΪɼ룬ͻľǽһ֡
ǵĿҲܻ
ܰȻһ̣ͻȻȥҲͦá
꣺ͬ⣬ĥˡ
ƣ⵹ǣ㲡
λûзԣ쿼Ժ͵ѧϰΪ˲ҿƵĳ̶Ҳˡ
ܰȻʱ񿴵ǾԸ磬ʲôǲǵܻط־ˣ
ʱҲ̫ȷŽ͸¶һ㣬ҲҾܻˡ
ƣ磬ʱҲûˡ
ʱţϣʱܻɣ̫̲ˡ
ܰȻæſԵ£Թ϶˲ϣŷֳ֮Ժ⾹ȻѾBEˡ
꣺ȻŵԲ
ʱ绹ҪŸһȥᣬϺġ
Լ壺Ȼ˵㣬ҲǼоһʱѡʱҲưɡ
˵ϵ翼ѡϾˮʹߴߡ
ʱˣĿǰû£֮ǰ൫һΣϣлĻܿȥ
ڿ»һ㣬ϾǲŸְһꡣ
ʱܿ·Ժ󣬿ʼ˼翪¡
ʱǸŸһȥģû뵽˿ᣬջϰĵһšɫը
ѩǷ˰ǱߵͬʱǴģĩʱʾԼһμӣȴŷ֣ص㾹ȻУʱ룬⵹ͦɵġ
ʵʱĹܽᣬʱΪ֮ǰڣЩġ
ԹСֶӣϣҲյˣһȥϸڡ
һܣû˽ĿĹʱŸ磬ʱ䵹ǹͦ죬ܻؼң˳߼ĩҪȥвμӻ¡
ҲʾԿˣʱװɵװ˼
ʱ֪ĩ½⣬Ҳζĩ˹棬ȥ壬Ҫ˽
û뵽û˽⵽ǱǵĲסˣΪ֣Ǹ⳥Ȼʼȼٴ忪Ŀ
л˵


42 
Ϣ, ʱʵǾȣ⳥Ҳ, ƫе˵, Ѿܹˣʮֲǿԭʲô
ʱ½ңպܵͳ, Ϊ˴£½ȫһڽ, ½ȷֵ
ʱ½֣ʱǰһԱӤ˯Сӣʵ˶𣿡
£½˼Цݣ, ֮Һһ£Ƕ뿪
ǻ, Ӧûв, ǶôĿߵ, ǵķһ㡣
ͦ, ˵ȵ԰Ǳ߳ٴժ, Ҳ˲ٽ顣ߴϵСƷЩһ
ͦõģǶȼٴĿô£ʱ׻ûס
ʱ£½̾˿ԭҶͦ˵, ⳥Ҳûʲô, ϾһõôǮҶܸ, ǿһӻ, мҿʼ˵⳥̫١
ǿ壿ʱЩ, Ҳһˣȴû
һҶش򹤣ι滮棬ǵռȲ࣬⳥Ȼࡣǿ壬½ûǿǻġ
һһһ궼һΣҲûޣβǿǵֵǮ࣬һ֣ҪǳˣҲܶһ㣬ҪǲɣҲǵ⳥Ͳࡣ
ǵǣʱԸ̫ȻǿһԲġ
ҪǮӻһֱҴܵģϺʹ˵ĲǨ⳥ôô˵ӻĺôⲻȻ˱˵ʼſ飬Ҫ̸֣ĻˮƽͲߣοĴ඼ˣǿһôھӣ϶ƭǡ
˹Ҳ˵岢֣Ψһѡ񡣡ʱ侲ĺ½ǰ
ǰ˵Χ˹԰ľǰΪ½룬Ҫ֣϶ıͶʵĵط
ΧĴׯô࣬ĸϻûԼɫˣЩ浱˼Ψһѡˣ
½Ǳô˵ʱȷϢ֣Ǳȥû
ڽ˿һ£ȻϣԽԽãߴ˼ҶǺܴӵģΪǼ˶Ŀľ̫źˡ
Ұ׼ҰȥȰȰǣǲΪԼǣҲΪǣ߾ܹչҲñˡǰ棬Ҫġ
ϣܹ˵ǰɣǼңǵռض𣿡ʱ룬˰ǻȥУǧӰˡ
½һʱĻ˼ϸЦ뵽һˣҿ˹滮ͼ⼸ҶΧʵڲУһ¡
ǿ˵ļҶΧھӣΧռǴٵ˼ңǴҲ֪˵м˼ء
ĲҪǻ˵ͨԺǺڵʱ䡣ʱ̲ס
ҰֽȥȰ˵ôشɣôõĻʧˣǾǽԶˡǼˣ½ﲻ
Ȳ˵⳥ѾܺˣôͲ𣬻лǿһΨ²ңܺʹȣ
һ˱ҪڳﶨΪʲôأһִֶ

һܣΪغݸͽҵĿÿ϶ܸߵ
ٲ˼ʹˣ֮ǰغݱϳְҶֹ̬ȡ
ڿͽǧ𶩻飬һ͸ôҪĿҶڲ²Щ̳˵λʮа/Ż
һ֮ǰҵҵΪغԴȻЦҿͬ顣
غԴЩǺںϵĹ˶ԸǺ£иľͶ뵽ԼĹ˾
ͷ֣ȴͻȻãһֱ׼бõģԼֵ磬ȹûŪ࣬洫̸
ʱ֪ǲҪˣǰŽԼغݺžͻϡ
ˣҲûðɡ˵һ߲ںһ߿ڵ
˻鶼飬οأ˵¼꡶ǳ̸ʮӡֱӱغݶס˲̸֪ʲôһǰԡ
Ǻغôϲôһ룬֣ӹҪˣԭΪλ϶³ϲغݶһ㣬һΪ·ء
ǺʵСغңؼҲǳ¡
˭˵أ˵ѾʼˣæһΪ¡
Ҫ˵һǴӲңĸ׼ҵʲȫϵؼңȴҪ䵽ͬĸĵܵ
֣ҲȥӰҵǶ۰ԴǱأŵĶžӲױĶǻͷ֣ʱɫòҰס
֣ܣңǡҪ֣ͣÿµɫͻȻ˵
ҲͽͣúõǸæϹǸԲ֣ܣ´βˡ
֣ԲһԼ´ξͲˣҪԼûأ
ɨһۣȻ߹ˮͷ˹ϴֲ뿪
ȵ֣뿪˲ô죿
Ǳûʲôڸòֱӱ˾ѩذɣ뵽ܣ˲ɻڲ
֣鲢ûϱֵôƽ룬ǰȥͣҪȥϺغԴһ͡

غһݶæȥգȻ˦һƽ֪ı֡
ҪĿѻԼվߡ
ϣļվԱߣһֹü˵ɣʲô£
Сĵ绰򵽹˾ˣʲôʱпոԼϣ˵ͬ˽ӡ
æŹûʱ䡣غͷҲֱ̧ӻشŮԼᣬǲ˷ʱѡ
ȻϣѾ˴𰸣̲סͬλδޡ
˰칫ңܿȻز绰¹ǸС㣬üӰ࣬ûʱ丰Լˡ
ǺðɣҪģһȻʧɱòûк⵹ϣкøС
õģһתｭС˼ܡֱͷ˵绰ϣüģ̲סɣԼڻûŮѣǲΪԼΪŰһֱغƭŮӡ
ǰʱԼڵĽȣɨһпˣǹҪ
ͷҶϵ绰ĽЦһŶ˽̽Ƶ
ȻԼҲ⣬ûһ߶һȥǰΣʱغҪԼû㹻ġǲɵġ
ƵȲ˹۵ĵ绰Ⱦ
Щ¼ȻǾͲҪˣ룬һܺɡ

컹ûڣ½ȫȥǼ˼˼빤û˵ˣȺɺ֣رǻǿ
˵½׵ģ㲻ȡˣô˼˵ͷʱкõģôǣòʲôôɣ
ǿٸҺҿһʺҪŰ˵ǨôôʲôضΣûΪ˼ߣҲط𣿡½ȫһɸֵؿǿߵˡ
ǿԼ֯⼸Լء
ԥ½ȫǾ㲻ΪԼǣҪΪǰɣ淢չԺԼſھ⣬ﻹҪԼúɣ
½ȫ֪лǿԼ˵棬ֱ뿪ˡ
һ뿪󣬹Ȼ˿ʼԥҪˣ֧һΪҿǣο˵ҲеԺˣԼſڳŸ̯Ҳ׬Ǯ
˼ЩǿɻˣɲУĵأһ߶˹Ȼɤӿڵǵüֲǣ½ⲻʹǼٵȵȣҲ̰ģټɵǮǩڵط
ǿĻٴԥ˵úҲͦеġ
Ҷһϵģ֮Ϊվ˵ۣǿõñǶȥԺƶ಻һ¾ˣԼȡܿ˭ǿɿ
Ȼӣʱȵ˼ԭԼҵ˼ңε⳥˲ͱԼҺùˣţղЩҡֿʼüᶨԣҪԼȡǡ
ϻ˵öԣǰ¼ĿͼģͶô࣬ܲ˵ͳɣҲԼȡĽҲǱڵľǾأ˾½ȫղŵĻŻǶѣǰѾͶô࣬˵ͳŻûء
Ǿٵȵȣһǳɹ֮ٷ֮ʮ⳥һĽе⳥ԥһ󣬾
ʱ½һֱ½ȫСӤ½˵Ǹʹֻж˺˲Żޡ
Сһѵѣһ˫۾ʱСһ۾峺ֵ˵Сջ֣½ڣ֣ˣ
ʱһתͷͶ½ȫðɣɫȺ˲û˵ͨ
ʱˣȻҲˣԴղת˻⣺֣ˣʱֱأ
ҵ԰£½ȫɫЩǺģҪŪɸ͵ȰѸֱɣÿ˸׬Ǯָòˡ
½ȫ˵һۣΪѾ㹻ˣһжΪ˴ķչϧûĶˡ
뵽ղŻǿĻ½ȫ޳½չɸõʱֱ
½ȫĻ½ףһˣܵ⣬ʱ½ȫ飬ڲ˵ʲôʡ
ãǾⱾ޳ϼܣҪû£Լȥɡ
ôУÿҪôʺ˻Ǻõģ㲻һӴˡ½ȫ
½Բɱȥ͵Цֻ֪ô˵
ʱ䲻ˣҶȥ˯ɣƻҪȥУֵ֣ܲǱȥɡ½ȫ룬ʵڲУǾ˳ˣǼӰķչѾˣǲȰҲû취
½ȫһεӣʱҲܣԭһԴϲ£ôҪء
ʱص¥Ϸ䣬ŷָղ͸ԼͼƬġҵĵӦǼֲȻ۵Ļ뾳Сè䡣
ʱè
죺ǣҽԺ︽Сè䣬èݡ
⻨ͦԶͷģСèĵľͷ
ʱ⼸һļš
ǵһΡҵܲӺ͵
죺˳
ʱͿ뵽Ҳ֪ȼٴĿģ̲ס²ۡ
ʱ治֪Щôģ˼ǾͿˣ
죺¿Ӧռ٣⳥ҲǴٵһɡ
ʱţʼҶûãֱиصĻܱߵ˾Ϳʼˡ
죺Ҫô˹/ĿģҪôǲԼ⳥Ŵһˮȡ档
ʱ⻰ˣһֱǵڶһֱûһпܡ
죺ȻֻҵĲ²⣬һ֣ѾܰˣǵԸ治ˣҪԼ̫ѹ
ʱֻ֪ŭ䲻ĸо
ʱ룬ߴ죬ӦԼ˼
죺ÿ˶ҪΪԼѡΪǵĿʹĿͣʱǾͻ֪Լжˡ
ʱ˴󲿷̫ƽˡ
죺ԣѡʱ䵽ˣҪôǣҪô۴һ𱻷
죺һˣгȾԴôͻΪȾԴһһٵ
ʱıУϣиõĽ
죺ԸܿƵģԲҪ̫࣬Ϣ
ʱĩҪȥвμӻԭ˵һ־̫⣬סû
˵ģԸƿصģǾһһɣŬѾŬˡ

֣ԴȥϺһֱƲ֣û뵽غԴô࣬ľЩ˶غݵİķС
غݺͽȶ˻飬ָεĿԾϳҪصغġ
Ҳ̫ƫˣҪĿغݣЩôô㣿ڹ˾֣һֱţصڻ̲סˡ
ûҪΪҶҶԣĿǸɽ󣬽غ⡣غԴЦһº͡
ɽ󣿡֣Щ⣬ؼҺͽϿҪĿҪ
һɶõĺĿǰûиĴڡ˵죬غԴϵЦݲɼ
ǱҰԧĽѣ֣ʱȤ
ţһֱȱٵĲǸƽ̨ҲҺѧ֤Ļᡣʵ˵غԴЩڴı֡
ǽҲͦģȷ֣øغݶ飬˵غڶֱȥաͬΪŮˣ֣Խȶһ˿ۡ
ϣĿҲλСɡغԴڽҵΪҲܿϣȻǰԸǱȡ
ǿ϶ˣȻȦӣҵĻԼʱҲһĶɡ֣ͲŽǱ߲֪غݺյ¡
˵ļǲߵ㲻õģȼٴĿϲĻԼԸ¡غԴϣ֣ȥԼĵ¡
ţ֪ҪȥӰҵǱߣغݴһȥȣ˵ǸյϢɡغݵΪ֣ǲм
պܳ÷ҲϲҪ߾߰ɡ
ţ㿴ŴӰҵǱ߱ʼƱغλչһ飬ҲΪաغԴõϢڹǰʵѾü꣬мΪʲôֻԼ֪
ţ֪ˡպȥ˰ѽϴּ˸ѩˡ
ӰҵƹܵʱǶôŰԴ֪ǰǵ̬ȣξϢ

غݶѾһܹȥˣһܣǩԼµĹ˾졶ǳ̸ʮӡЧաˢ˻⡣
֪ĻᣬûˣҵҲûˣԼǱֵǷؼһ߽ҴѹԼҵ֡/ȨԼ
û뵽һ½ĿغݾԼǶԼ˵ĻЦһֱһƣֻİˡ
йƬǺغݣˣƬûع⡣
ڻʲô˼ҪˣʲôᱳԼԼƴҵᡣ
¹˾ĴԴҲܲµ˭ֱʣⶼûϵˡ
Ҫ飬û뵽ܴ绰ʾҪҵºͨ棬һ顣
ԴˣյҲ⣬Ͼ磬û£һء
µһȥ뵽غݵĻͷۣˣЩӸľֹ˵ġ
Ҵ͹ˡЩԡ
һϣҲʶܳ÷֪ܲغô˵ܳ÷ģҲûϵ
ܳ÷ղüܿҲ˭˼
ţֱȥǻϣԼܾɡܰѡȨա
£ܵ˼Ҷܵĵ绰ֱӲͨһ롣
գغݿϤĺ룬ɱ
ʲô˼ң䡣
Ǹ˼Щ£Ǳ߲ôܳ÷ֻ㿪һ㡣غݵЩƣ롣
Ҳغݵ˼ȻǽƾˣˣĳЩΪֱܳ÷ȴͬΪ˺Դʲô¶ó
ճĬغݼգڷ֣ǻѲ֪Ӱֻϣ·ܹߵ˳һ㡣
һΣûٻظֱӹ˵绰غݼǵԼΣѡ˱ˡ

ʱŸղŴ֧Ļ˵ҲҪһȥȺ˵˼빤
뵽Щͷۣ֧鶼ûȰǣС
ֻʾ𣬻ˢֻһ
һһ
һһ°
һһ벻ܳ÷Ȼְȥ
һһ˴ɻ˵ĿģҾ֣ܿ϶ҵĹˡ
һһԴӰҵҵˮͽˡ
ʱϢܸܵĿ֣Ҳȷʵû뵽ܳ÷ȥյ
ܳ÷עˣܹȥô϶ΪԷ㹻࣬룬֪غݵֱʣ鲻ǽ˵µĿʼЩϧλСˡ
ʱˣϲԸɡ
һһֱ̫ˣˣҽϴǣȥǸ壬Ǹ۾Ǹ壬˼յҳĸлˡ
ʱˣۣͦõġ
ʱ뵽ϴԼıůҲյлţܹ顣
һһӪ£ɵ˵̫⣬ЧѾлˣ˶ڸл˼
ʱԲɵ㿪΢ȷʵȻߣôʵʵˢģġ
ҲˣǱߵСĸȻأʦķҲ˽⵽ǵĸı䡣
˼ͳǻ˲ٿ飬Ǵ־ԸߴȥƵͶƬ𺳣ԺǶı䡣
ֱ۵ĸıϿƽֻʱҲ˿飬ҲʹҷʦҲǲμı֮ġ
εһĸлľһλõȽĺ衣
ȻֻȽũĺ˵ȫͻˡ
ʱЩﲻɱůůģǵŬѾõر
ǰΪҲɢȥܶ࣬ж˻ռģֻҪԼͺá
ڶһ磬ʱŸһ𣬿ʼȥǼ
Ÿ˵ȼٴĿҲҪֱӸı䣬ҲΪŸǵ
⳥ĲҲȥȡȻ
֧ѾȥˣҲ֪ǽ᲻ı⡣ʱŸ粻Ҫ̫ϣ
ҪͻƿڻǿռһֵأֲôߡǿһҶڳӱĴ֪ù٣ЩȰҲ֪ôġ
ʱҲҡͷǿӡˡ
ȻǵȰ˵ûκãǣСƤһʧĿɶǣǮԺôأ
˵ȶȼٴӪҵ˵Ŀʼ޽߾ͻö๤ˣЩ˳Դס̻ôشô˵ģȥ̲֤ӪҵִգŸС̯̺͸ʳһܽǵ±⡣ʱȰ
ϵĹ˶̾ƸʳЩʵܴģʱǸش㲻ЩĶ
ǰⲻܶȼٴӪҵһܿʼ⡣
ʱ⶯˵ԱߵˣҿշӶ࣬ô๤˹ܵⷿӰɡ
壬ôˣԺĿˣܵɣⲻǴϵĶ𣿡
ǿһʼûа˷ϣϾ½ȫû˵ǣû뵽ʱһСﾹȻ˵ˡ
ߵʱߣСȺ˵׸ǮⲻҪǮôʲôµͱôأȻũˣҲҺơ
λ壬ֻվڴҵĽǶҷ󻯣Ǳ߲Ƿǽ岻ɣʱһ֮²ԸͶˣʧ𣿡ʱ˵꿴ǿ
ʱĻ˵꣬˲ɶǿһĲͶˣǸô죿
˵˼ǰͶôôܷǵġ
ǿʱ˵ȥȺ˸⣬æʱȥҼңӭ
ʱû뵽֣һע⣬ֱӱƵڵء
л˵
˵߹ѵһǽһ°ɣļ챻˾ٱȻҲʲôþٱģղԤյСʹӦ֪Ԥշųʱ˵ѹûأе˷Ҫ氲Ȼºܶڱ༭дΪ˻Զ룬Լ챾˵õҲɰǧһȲ֪ôдĺϲСʱҽдȥŮҵ߾ͱȽƽµ׻Ὺʼβƻд߶һ㣬дɩӦҲдģôôҡ


43 
˭û뵽ǿͻȻ, ʱûˣŸ첽ߵʱ, , һõؿǿô£ôԶ֣
ҿû֣Լˤ, ˭֪ǲҡǿһʼĻұֱ׳, Լˤġ
Ÿ绹˵ʲôʱ˳ӣʾˣûõġ
ʱǿԼˣ˵Ƕ˵, ѡȨҪʵڲԸҲûܹǿ, Ӧ, ҲϣʱԼе
ʱӶռ, ȥǵĻˡ
, ⻰˭, ΪǵͲǵǰɣǿЦһ
ʱղŵĻȷʵ˵˺üˣǿû̬Ҳû, һ˳, ȴȡˣǰ׿ˣ
ǿ˵û, ĽǱ״, Ϊ, ¼Ŀ˴˵ҪͲҪǻٵȵȰɡ
ʱһȥǼȲ˵ãҲ˵ãʱﲻʧǼٵģһˣ㹻
ȻǷҪ̸ֵ֣ǾȥɣΣʶǾ仰Զвһװ˯ˡ
ȻﶼԼľϣҲˡŸ˵תͷʱʾ뿪
ʱ˵ͷ뿪ǰһЩˣϣ֮ǲڰɡ
Ÿʱ뿪󣬻ǿ̲סһ˵ôûʣΪѹͲǿǡ
ǽǸô𣿡ʵ
ȥ˵ˣ㿴ͽ춼ˣ϶Ǽˣ»عƾ͸º̸⳥ˡǿѾ˳ϰ࣬ڲϰ࣬еʱš
ʱҲþգСʱղ˵ģ㿪Ҳܶһ׬Ǯ·ӡӶʱ黹ǺĶġ
ģǵҪ󲻹֣ǿ϶Ӧġǿ֮ǰȥЩӻóĴǣ̬ԽǿӲԽá
߳źŸһĵؿʱСʱû°ɣ֪þһѵˡ
û£Ÿ磬ǿ˹߻Ͷˡ˴ӵľӶ࣬ҲǿģžǴ˵˲Ҫ¡
ʱûˣ뱻˲ϣѡϢˡ
⻰ģȺһ굽ǮˣͶʷǹἰ°ɡñǴ֪ºֱӷĿ
ţáʱ룬Ҳûõİ취ˡ

ܳ÷Ӱҵӵӣƺúõľ˲ȴȥյ
ЦһĪ⣬Щ˶ʲôغػϣӹϲʱ⣬Ȼͽǧ˻飬Ըա
뵽غݶԼŵܳ÷ʰĶɼӿ˼֡
֣Ӱҵʱܳ÷ñ׼뿪֣ؽһ֣ܡ
֣Ƴһۣص˵ͷһ˵ģغŵʲôôɡ
뵽֣һδ޵ˣȴܵգ·
췴·߿һۡ
֣ܳ÷߬ԼӵıԵԼҪ侲ԺԼġ
ܳ÷ԺϵȻû˴ˣ֣Ǽѯǵͳһǰµľˡ
£ѹ˾е˵϶˺ܿͱѡ˳
ǳˣȻΪԼиˡ
ҲɱӺˣͰԴؼʲôλֲڱָָ㡣
һУʼ˼ȥ£ȵȫ̸׾ͿԿǶӡ
ֻ𣬿İ룬֣ԥ£ǽ㣬ңȣʱһ𣿡
֣Խӡ󲻴ټ϶֮ǰѵ±ȽϺ棬ȻӦԼ¡

½ȫʱŸһæʵôô˵
βǸĶˣŬҲŬˣʵڲԸҲû취ˣ˼Ҷǩ𣿡Ÿ룬ֻҪ˶ǩˣ֣ǱӦҲúڣȺ˸ȥ
ǩˣҲܵĻΪ¶ȡĿ˶ģ֪Խλ˵⳥ò
ţ͵ǱߵϢɣǿǱ߾ͲٹȥˣԽȥȰ⣬ǾԽͲ񡣡ŸǵȰⷴǸ޿֡
ʱؼ˯ʱ򣬲ŷԼϥǲƤӦǱǿƵʱĵˡ
õûڹˣ˵¹ش󣬲֣Ǿǳߣﶼᡰ̲֡סеæˡ
֣ԭΪԼԼ裬ƻԼ͸¶ʲôغݵĲֻߴڵϢ
ȵԺŷ֣ԼԼƺǵ裬Լˡ
ƽ︺Ӱҵ᲻æһĺ棬Ȧͦġ
ߺüغһȻ˻飬˼ûջ
УҲУĲӭȥ˾֣Цŵ
Ц⣬˵ĻΧŴ³İϣԼ̫ļĿ̫ǿ˷С
֣ȥʱغԴȻѾڼˣЩȣôô磿
üӰ࣬غݣǱ߹غԴȻֵɡ
ҲǣôãǸúúϢǡ֣غԴģھǰ˵ᡣ
ţһȥǱ𣿡غԴĵ
ԣȡǰܿʼ֣Ǹӣһжɡ
Ҳã㿪ʼҲôġ
罭Լһ裬һΪҪҴʲôˡ֣Щź
ŵһμ棬ԺлġغԴ룬Ӧøлعľһð֡

ʱһֱ֣˵ǼҡӻȻԸΥǼ֣ʱѾ֪¡
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֣Բü֮ǰʱ˵岢Ψһѡ
ѡ㣬ҲΪ԰£û뵽Щ˲жھȻͼּۻۡ
ȻǲԸ⣬ǻطˡ֣ɫ䡣
ʱǹʱ򿴵֣ɫ֪²ãȻ֣ܿ쿪ڣȻ̸£ǾͲ̸ʱǽǮûҪ˷ʱ䡣
֣ܣǿ̸̸𣿡ʱ֪Ⱥ˱һҲ޹˵ȴЩƽϣ֣ܹһᡣ
ʱСòҪȡɣȻĹҲƵġ˵֣üͷøˣ⳥ȫмģǳԶﲻɣ
˵ǹ˾Ŀ֣ҲӺǽ̸غϣغԴ˽ͶʣȻίԼ
֣ҵ˼ˣҲȡģֻϣһᣬϾµֻˡʱһĳϿҡ
ʲô˼֣Щ⡣
ʱóһͱõƽͼſǼѾúʹճָµǼҸպΧ֣ܲܿƶһЩǵķȻڣ˼ҲѾǩˣ֣ܾأ
֣ʱ˼תͷѯʱ٣ֱͷתͷʱʱС׼
ܿĿҶ֣ܶǸмǶϣĿܹȥʱ˵̧ͷ֣
û˵ѣʼ֪԰㣬½ȫ͸¶ԣҶŬذѽõһչʾңʱڴĲһ
԰ȷʵΪ˶ȼٴ֣侲ʱ˵еٴκȷ˶Ѿǩ֣Ȼֿʱôʱ䣬ϣ졣
졣ʱֹסЦ⣬ˣĳˡ
߽רҵŶӿʼԽӣϣٳˡ֣⻰ȻǶʱ˵ģȴһֱŴ֧Ǳߡ
½ȫæͷǿ϶ģ֣ģǿ϶úǵĽȡ
ãԭ˫Ӯľ棬Ӧöɣ֣˵ɨһڳˡ
ҲǸһѵʽ˶У֮ǰԭΪӻǲߵģϾҪԸܴ󣬿ˡ
ΪС֣ûڽ̫ãȷúֱͬӿ뿪
֣ĳҰʧʱ˿գһĿͷˡ
½ȫҲһ˿ӣСʱǲ˵Ժ󲻻бԵ˵ˣ
ûĻӦþʱͷԱ֣Ǳ˿ʼ޽̡
£ʲôʱܹ𣿡ʱ֮ǰڻǿ˵Щʱƭǣ˼֮ÿе⡣
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һºɡ˵ҲǺȷϾͻ̫࣬˭Ҳ˵׼

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뵽¿ܻ߰ٷ֮ʮ⳥ⶼЩ޻ǿʱҲעͷ֣ǵĶ
ϧǵȰȣȵ緹ʱûе֣˵Ӱ
£˿ʼûòĳ˰ɣ
ҪߵĻǰǶ˲ˣԽʱԽҪסܱǵסǿɼᶨΪһս˭ȵͷ˭ˡ
ȥͷҲиǡӻ̲סҪȥ
ܿǿһĲãʱҵʱʲôܣ
ӳ·ϵ˿Ŀ⣬ƺ֮ǰЩͬעӶӲˣ˲õԤС
ʱں½˵۵£Щȥ½һԼۡ
ãܲУҵȥμӻ񡣡ĩѩĻʱЩڴ
һϰ࣬ʾˡ½Ҳϰյĵһ
˵ְϵʱͻȻ˽ţ˵Ǹ֣ôأ
뵽Ϊ½ǣ治Ʋ뿪ֱӿڣţˣѾ뿪ˡ
ˣԲɱû˵̸⳥ô˻ûأ
ԣ˺һˣ֣ʲô𣿡½뵽ǵȻķӦɱ
֧֧Щ˵½˵˳ǲ⳥£
ͨˣСʱ˵еԾŹǩ֣Ǹ֣ܲڣǩ𣿡ͻȻ¶ĵ
ʱ½һۣȻ󶼲ҡҡͷͨôͲǽĽ֡
Ѿˣ֣˵Ȼǲ⳥Ǿˡ½˵겻ҡҡͷͬ鲻ǵôӶᱻۡ
⻰ʲô˼ϵ鲻ɽסƺû½Ļ
˼Ը֣Ǳ߾Ҫ̫࣬ǾǼҵĵء
ôأǾͲܺǺú˵˵𣿡ˣ˼⼸Ҷռˣ˶⳥ûУôС
ԼԸô죬ȰǺüΣǲô죿
ʱڣﲢûоó죬ҡҡͷЩ꣬ҪΪԼĴ򵥡
ʱ䣬ֱ¥
¥ŷ͸ԼϢ
죺ôüĿ
ʱţѾˣµǲֵء
죺Ҳʵˡ
ʱǰʱǲȰʱΪһܳ죬浽һ̣Ҳó죬ֻź
죺ΪһֱվǵΪǿǣ㶼ˣѾܰˣԲҪ
ʱȷʵôһ𣬵޹رˣֻͬǾ仰ÿ˶ΪԼѡ
ʱʱŷ͵΢ͷˣϴԼġҵȻٴġҵûɡ
ԭ˯ٶȣ֮ǰһ½ңϣ½ȫܰǺ֣˵˵룬ǲҪ⸶ˣͰ֮ǰı׼
½ȫ֣ҡҡͷˣ֣һԾŶ˵Щ
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ǻڳ½ȫҲ˻˵ЩڵĻʲôãҵʱôȰǵģ
ĬϻǿĻԼ֣ߵĺô½ȫ;ĺڵ³Լġ
ʱ¥϶ǿҡͷ˵Щ
Ǳ˯ˣɴֻˣ΢ʱ䣬ⲻҪһŷ˼ǲȻǳˡ
ʱü鶼ƫ뵽צȥˣⲿ羹Ȼûӿħ
¿֪СŮѳƬˣϴ˼̽Ļʱҡͷû뵽»Ǳ˳
ʱԭΪΪ£ⲿֻ֮ǰᵽҪȳ
ĽֺﲢϣλŮ侲һеĻԣҲʱǲŷֹ߲ܺˡ
һץ//С粨ԡgirls help girlsѶΪΪޡ
֪ģڲŮΪŮˣжȥ
Ӻ᣺girls help girls˵ףмΪСޡ
ƣƶ˵ļˣŮһҪԼĵС
ʱȷԼ¼СţȻҲޣεģӰⲿļ㣬һȻҲû˾ȳľ
ȻԼ⼸ٹעЩǱߵ֪պӰҵԼǩ˹˾Դǲ
ʱ룬ŮһʱɢˣϾ氮ԼϵΪðɣϣų⡣
Ȼˮǿһܰɡ

֣ľûֱӻȥ»϶һغԴ²ۣغԴæµʱȻСȥ
ھʲôʱȥͽӵӰҵǱĵ绰ĴԱ˽غˣΪܳ÷ͻȻߣǱ¾һʱûλʱ澭˵λá
Ϊ֮ǰһЩ˿ε԰Ȧ˲ٷۣνǢĴǸƷƣû뵽Ȼսغˣ룬϶ܳ÷ֽţ˭ýָͷҲó
֣һʱغǺģԼҹ˾ԴȥǰŮѡ
Ժ󵫷ͶʵϷһɲա
Ҷĵ绰֣Լ²عĺ룬Ǳߺܿͽ֣ͨңмҾûӦøһϾҺҪʱ䣬
غ˹˾˵ԴգȻʲô£֪ĻҲ֪᲻Ӱҵĺ
عҶϵ绰ɫʱǰ϶ôԽԽûҪ£ض
֣Ǳ߶֪Ǳ߻᲻֪
ׯѩͻȻɫعСʵôˣ
Ͻкݻع仰¥ȥ鷿
ׯѩȻ֪ʲô£Ҳ֪ղͨ绰йأԴغ½ϣΧΧҲöµζɲʧȥ

ܳ÷һʹݴԹĳ⣬ʵ֮ǰ͸þܾģغݵĻȴԥˡ
ʲôãֱ̫Ѿ˷Լ˼ȷʵҪܳ÷
ûоܾܳ÷ܲҪҡҡͷԭһᣬԼ𰸡
յĺԼʣһ֮࣬Լ
˵ǽƾˣ˵ǣõľ˺˶ศɵġ
ղԼܶʱûкԼ˵ʵ֮ǰԼϵˣغŵʲôۡ
Ψһڴľǵʱܹþۺɢɡ
ܳ÷ھģܲڣϵЦݲɶ֣Ȼһ̣ܿͲˡ
ƳһԱߵգȻʱλغݵ氮
ܳ÷ȻţµǷ
Ͼ˼ЩԴǲûƷһεľҪ
ɺϵǣĵҲ磬ⲿĶ־ӰҵͶǲ磬ԭΪСǱ߾Ľȿ϶Ҫǳû뵽ķתǸԼȥȶȡ
뵽յɱðֱǱŵϷˣ

ʱ𴲺ʹ½Щ½ȫôġ
ȻԩͷծǶȥһǿءᵽ£½Ц⡣
ǻǿǱֵúܣʱҲ̲סЦ
ɲǣ˵Ѿ˺ˣôǵʧҲֻԼˡ½˵ԭһֽӵĩĶ
ǻǿس𣿡ʱЩ档
ûأǶŲߣҪһ˵½ֻý
ȻЩãʱ˵ãǿ˰ǵɵӣǣǶŲҲˡ
Ŀȷ˻ǿǼң˼Ҷϲã֮ǰʱ˵ЩС⣬Ѿ˸֧ˡ
ԭһСĹ򣬾ȥ˹ְ̾Ӫҵִգϧǣ̲֤ǰ첻
ڵĹ涨һֻһ̲֤ԴԭСӮңԺֻ
Ҿֻ㸱ʳˣʱȥ˰񴰿ȷϹϢϵһ㶼˫ǲ漰걨
ӻعŷִѾС̲֤Ҳ첻
ԭƻǵĵȻռ٣ǱߣڸС̯һ±⳥ûˣĻҲûˣں֡
ôںҲı䲻ʵĵľʲôʱ򶯹
һ˵ҲҪʮˣʱԴסУҪڽ׬ǮĻᡣ
½ĩѾˣԤҲϵЦݾû¡
һݣΪĿʵһܵʱһζܿ͵磬ʱֱӻľ
ΪҪȥвμӻƽҲûлȥΥСۡ
ľۻǮУѩľʱ
٣Ƕʱ
Ҳ֪ʱһͷ²ӦѩӦλ˰ɡ
ô࣬ҲƱ˸Զŵͷ
Խ岻ɵ٩ܰȻ͹װҪ˵ϽˣȻǣǵ񣬵ǽ飬ɾֻһݻˡ
ܰȻǸС˵¸£¸£ܹ񡣡
ҲһᣬҪÿ¶յšɫըǷԲˡ
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͵ȥ˰ɣȻȥ԰һӰЭᣬҰա˳ҵ
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û⣬ģĵΪֹʱĻЦ˴ҡ
μӻ磬ôҲôʽ㣬һڻױ·Կ񽻸λ
˾Ƶǲŷѩ׼ľȻǲƺ˵Ǹ֮ϲƺõúƯõ壬͸ۡ
ʱգ˽ЩԼˣֱǵٴɻͷȻ͡
л˵
˸Ԥգϲıӿղ
ŲҪԩֺ衲ѧ
ɽ紩ڵһ顣
Ůǧϻغźȴȥͺ
˵ſŮЦȴżۣ޻𱬳Ȧ
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ŮһഺŮΪʲôҪȥ˵裿
ȻܾҪ󣬱ϳ޷Ҳ£һߣͿɡ
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˶ڵżЦû뵽ͻȻ˸ҷǧĹ͡
ſͥУȦǣ̽Уһ裨
ܶ󣬶УⶼŶӣ

Ϊʿ֪Ůǧͼȡ֮ȴɿ⡣
ֱһжˣԸ˼ңŮô
ĻΪʲôﲻһӵһ䡣
˵õŮҸأ


44 
ԭ֮ǰ, ʱԥҪҪһĻ, ֺԵ̫, ʱûἰû뵽Ȼڻ, ʱпС
ʱת, 䴽ǣɡ
ҲһЦ⣺ǺɣŮѣ
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ձжϵæԱߵգ۾ʾߵ
ʾ, ֻգѹϴҾ;
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ʱ˽⵽ȷʵзĿ, ɵĸǿҵĻʿ, Խ쵽вҽԺͬ¡
, 죬ԭû, ־ڿʱȻֹ
ϴι־Ĺ, ʱкҽþò
þò, ǣ־˵꿴, ĸĿ, ˵˽⣬Ϊʱʹġ
ͬ¡ʱº͵ظȴΪղſеİö¡
ˡ־룬˶ɳϲҲ
ʱǼҲ˹Ҷúɡ
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õĻͲüΪҽԺʲô£ţȴ绰ϵΡ
ǲ˵£йؽ޵¡˵꿴ԱߵĹ־ЦŵҽǵñŶ
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Ȼʲô뷨ӲҪ˵ĻǺøаɣϾΪһ֦۳໹׿ԽˣкøвǺ
±ʱԼĿ⣬ܿջԼߣֵģ˶ˣǱ˽ܿЦźǻȥǱߡ
ҽҽԺѡҽҲǿֵ𣿡궢Ű뿪ıӰɴȤ
ǿɲܽҽԺֵǸܸܵģԺǧˡ־˵һĵ⡣
ۣû뵽Ǹ׸Цŵ٩
ɲǣҽԺҪ׷˿Ժ׷ˡ־ãһͶʱͬʱȻҪˡ
ԭҽǵ˵ų˵ķȥζ
˵ʱ򣬾Ǳ˱ʾʽҪʼˣҿʼλá
ǲûлǱߣʱϣ˳ҵĺ𣿡
ʱ˵ͷţһֱЩ⣬»Իֳõ塣
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˵𣿡˷
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ҲЩ⣬ǱߵʱͿȥȻʱϵ鶼ƽʱº࣬ò룬ȻԼϲǰ䲻
ЩźˣԭͽӴӴأڿûˡ
ѩҲʱʱǴкʱǶʾ⣬鷳ǻѳƵǾҪľƱˡ
ҲУľһԷкܶͬ¶ûܶʱϹǱһԶٷ
ʱԼҵܿȥõ壬ҲҽԺǱߡ
ȻҽԺһˣʱٸ绰˵ʱԱߵ˵˵ͷȻŴ߿
òƱг̵ĻʱסʱѾ˹ʵʲô
ûʲôڿʱʼ磬Ҳ˵ں͵Ĺϵ
ûʲô˼ҽߵʱ㱨ôΪʲôǱԲʱķܡ
͹־˵ҪдǰɣˣϽգĻ֪᲻ᱻ𣬸Ͻɡʱߴյ¡
գǵûмߴ٣ʱŵʱȴ뵽Ҫȥ޵¡

֪ԭԼݴȴܳ÷غǱߣȴʲôˡ
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ھϷݲɣǳȻԼĸҪ
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ϴ֣Ӱҵ󣬴ҺݺݳЦһ󶼷ԼΪɵһ֮ˣһ
ҲΪ£綼ûɱ࣬Ѿ汻ŷŴ󾵿ʼԱȣղòŬ
غȻæµû̽࣬ҲԸϣעߵ
Ȱոĸ˼ԼغݹҳԷغԹΪƵˡ
ȳŸĸʼ磺ɣҾ˵ûա
Ͳ˵ȥӰ𣿡ĸһɸֵ
裬ǽҲؼҲ㲻ҪһҪءʵڲĸ׵Ի·غݶ̬Ȼ
ȣ֪㻹ڹǱغݶ飬ʵڲ䣬ҲΪáĸһĳ
ܲ˵ľ⸱Ϊǵӣ첻䣬غѵˣ
Ȳ˵ؼҵļغȦҲһģؼҳģŮ̸ôҶ֪ŮǲȢģֻҪ̫̫λþͺá
Ī˵ռҵ³ǵ
غԽǷܽԽ⣬ȻôϲգȻҪ֮ǡ
µæµغЩƣ룬ѾûˣüģϣϵӦꡣ

͵ҽԺʱѾڰ칫ҵˣЦʵͣϴκ˵¿ǵôˣ
ţѾǺˡ͵ͷ
ȥѧϰ¾ô˵ˣʹҽԺ˿
ȻˣѩǻԱߵĲ¥Ǵ졣
ʱûȥǸ֣ǴȥĹ԰һ䣬ˣȻҪ˲Żȥ
־Ҫȥ԰̫ģȥ籾ɱԽæͷҾÿԡ
˵˼Ҷ籾ɱȹ乫԰˼ˣܿͳһ
ʱʵԾ籾ɱȤ󣬵ҶһȤȻӣȻظ
־籾ɱԼôӵģԳǰ˲ʵǽ鲻һˣ
˵ʱúϲʱš
û£⣬ɡҶĬϹ־ҪеŮor
ȵ˵ط֪ãŵø룬ԭܾģû뵽Ȼ˵ʱ
һʼŵǲŵģǱһԵ̬ˣû뵽ʱ
һξԼøһô
ʱû뵽ԼȦ˻ջ˿ԣŵ˵ãǴСʱ籣ʼġ
ڳŵзִ磬һʼ飬ܿͻָƽģɫѡ𣿡
ûأ˵Ҳˡ
Ҳ籾ɱŵͼΣʵڲ籾ɱӡ
ƽ棬첻һ־˵ʱɳʱķһۡ
ʱû˵͹ʱ䡣
֮ǰ̲裺Ǹˡ
Ӵҽ˵̲費𣿡̲裬־һŵرľȡ
ͼǵʱϲ֦¶ݸһſ־ôкȵĻ²ס죿
ʱҲû뵽ͻ̲ǵϴһظԼҪٺȡ
ʱ̫Ҫһ̲ˣллҽܰȻȸл
ʱע⵽Ҳһѹ㲻ǲϲ𣿡
żһԣҲûʲôáһԣϲĶʲôζ
ʵϲûҪǿġʱ
ǿһɫ
򵥵ĸ֣֪ΪʲôʱͻȻ
ʼѡɫ룬ѡĽɫȻ£ŵ°ͣԼʲô
˾籾ɱҵľ٣ǴӵѾˡ
ʱڸղŵϷȻ˵̨ʣղӣʱһȷֲ˵̨ʻĻ
ʱߣŲĲǰļƺʲôӿŲܶࡣ
ʱͻȻԱߵˡ
ţʱһξԭԼô
¸¾ҪȥѧϰˣҪȥ£ܲܰһ¡Ͳ
ʲô£˵˵Уʱɱ
µʱĻܲȿңҪơ
ʱֻһղͰԼֲͬ£ȴôҲû뵽Ҫ˵ľȻ
ԭ׼ģεѧϰҵļƻЩգԭӦûһʽĳϵġ
֪Ϊʲôյӣʱ䴽ǣԭļƻʲô
ԭʱٱסͺܻ˵Լļƻ
ѧϰļƻȷȥǱߣʱܻܲҪһȷԼ⡣
ҺúɡʱյӣȻǲϰʾԼ飬һֱ˳Ȼͺá
ֱ͵˼Դų⣬룬ʹԼֻܶãû뵽¡
ûϵʱ仹кܶ࣬롣ﲻԾЦ
Ȼû˵Χ񲻶ϵðۺݣ˺һᣬ˲ŷ֣ƺˣǰĴ󲿶ٲȻѾӰ
ʱó绰ҪѯǵˣͻȻԱߵ˰µ绰ȥطòã
ʱעͷתʱʱһξԼô
ͣλãʱЩʧתͷƳɫЦŽ͵ȳԷ
˳Է¡
ʱ˵ģӺܿͷ˿飬ڳԵò࣬ΪǱ̲ûö
Ҵúڡ֪ϲˡ
ȻЩҪԼȥʳǰʱǾȳԱټȥ档
ˣʱЩؿһ۳ԹСֶӵȺܰûôʧˣ룬ǷϢȥ
ʱҵȥ
ܰȻҲûϵȡһҽ/Ц/
꣺ҽԺҲҽˡ
ƣ1
Խ壺1
װ1
ʱǻظϢղԾЩ̣֪Ϊʲô֡˽ĸоʲôû
ԱʼϲˣʱֻܿˣȲǣԷҪ
ҴζȷʵʱЩؿͣô֪һҵģ
ʱЩ档
ǰ˹Σһδû뵽һô硣˵ʱüﶼЦ⣬ƽˡ
ʱǲԾȻ̧˵Ҫȥһط𣿡
ʹʱȥĵطܻأϳǱߵĹ԰³ǵĿߵԽ
ǰǾס⸽Ҿ԰·£˵Ӱĳġ
ʹһͣʱЦҽĪҪڱأ
ʱ˵ͷͶ۲ߵѵôˣ
СʱҰһֱæÿʱ򶼻ߣָǰĴʱ
͵Щ䣬ֱܿûҲ˺ܶණߣʱ򿴵ӣǰԼҪĶڵ£ҲЧ£ϰһֱֵС
ڻ𣿡ʱЩȡ
Ȼڵ¡ͼһӲʧЦ
ԼҡʱĹĵؿ
ܶ˶֪԰ߵıͤԱ߻ܴ涫ʹʱȥ˹԰ͤԱߵС
ʱЩȣ԰ﾹȻܴ涫
ʱ󣬿óԿ״򿪹ӣóһƤӡ
ԺȻûŶÿ궼ʱһۡȻԺΪ̫ɣҲҪԼСʱĻ䡣
ƤʲôֵֹĶУʱ룬ȻЩ֣˵ÿһвͬ塣
ʹ򿪺ӣֱĿ꣬һ£һģʱɫҲű
Ż¿ʱҳ٣һСһܲүүͻȻݿˣȴȻ֮ǰүүķθգС͸ҵģ˵˲ӢۣԻ͸ҡ
ҲǸʱ͸ӼᶨԼҽ뷨
Ҳص˵ֿʱʳʣǲʼȻҪΪʲôҪ
ʱ˵ͷ￴Ͳ̫ȫӣȻֵǮȴһ
ΪҲҪҲǱҹ԰СʱıܷۣѹǸˣһָܺܿ
ù·ʱ鷳ұܿᱻġ
ʱ˵ôҪĶԼܱȽϺãһ̧ͷĺЩܾĻ˵ڡ
˵ͷãٻ㡣
ʹǵЦԽãûʱǣ壬ºٸʡ
ϳڹ滮ƻؽؽԺͲˡ
أʱָָǱߵƤӡ
ɡ˵гղŵķȥ
ʱû뵽Լһ쾹Ȼɵ£ǵģڿ񡰱ء
Ǳ˷ô죿ʱ̲סʵ
ӦòᣬߺڿҲߡ룬ЩҪҪԼһԼ
ˣ߰ɣڸתת´ι߿ܾͲˡɨһ۸ղеĵطǲΪ֪Сֶһ֪
԰ʮҾˣͿһʱ䣬Ѿŵ룬ȥˡ
ʲôʱȥѯʵ
ɣϰ𣿡
ţа࣬ؿĻǣ
ģʲôʱȥУʱʵ
Ӧ³ҲǺȷ
ʱŽż⣬˵ʲôһʱֲ֪˵ʲôڵĹϵӦôأ
뵽ղűŽĻ£ʱͻȻֱú
ʱҪ³ʱͽסʱĩȥľ𣿡
ĩҪȥˡ
ؼңվ㵽ľ
ʱԶӰʹϵЦԽԽ
ʱȥʱǻ׷磬ɾȣôͻˣ
ʮˣﻹ磿ʱװǵ˼
˵ɣҽô£ȺУʣҺԽǵˡʾĽ
ô£Ҫȥѧϰˣ˵ɡȥУôδӦö˰ɣ
ǵõѧϰءһĲ⡣
Ļʱû⡣
кľͲһСʱĸĵĻɲءƾ
ʱȴ侲ʼ˼ιϵĿԡ

غȻæµؽҵĿ֮ǰĹ˾Ҳûз
ϵĺȴ⣬ṩϵĲϳ⣬Ŀͣ£Ҳű׷
Ǳô˵غЩͷۡ
Ǳߵʱɻûö˾ǲغݣֱ˺Խӡ
غֻͷ۲ѣߵѾֲྫˣȥһׯǱߣȥǱ߶Խӡ
غ˵꿴һʱ䣬ڿȥǱߣܺճԸ͡
غԴҲյǱߵϢǧˮƯ֪ô
Ҳ˲ǱߡغԴ֪غҹԼյĹ˾ҵĿȻԼ
Ǵḷ́һΣ²ôףȿɲһֲ´ı顣
иڣĿ˳𣿡غԴĵʵ
⵹ǣ˵ܼ񵽸ʵллͷӲǡ

غȥ̽յ£Ⱥܿʹ˽֪̲̽סЦһǼ˵䣿
ԭЩƵȽԼʱغݻȡôڿϲߣ룬õ绰ͷ˼˳Ѷλ
غݲ˵æ͹ȥúÿæʲôȻôգֱӳȫǺˡ
л˵


45 
˵, ⲿϷҪӰҵ뿪ĵһ , ټϴҲ²Ϊɾһʧܲ뿪, Բܴķ˵һӮ 
ҪӮҪӮƯǡ
ܳ÷, ȶȵ²ģֻҪϷͺá
Ȼݶܿ, ΪԼĸҪջǾƣ룬üģǰҹϷûо۹ڲ, Ϳʼƣ롣
Ȼɼף, ЩԳﴽǡ
ܽأһβŷֲܳ÷Ӱ
ս˸绰ͲӰˡҡͷʾԼҲ֪顣
ǲϣܳ÷, ȻֶһʹԼˡ
, Ѿ͹Ǳߴк, ¿ʼǹʡһؿ򷼷
õú˳, Ϊܳ÷ĵȷʵ˲ٹԸǹҲӦõġ
Ȼ, ⻰, ʱøս㣬á
˵ߵˡᡣ
֪Ŷв˶ԼΪ, ֤Լѡûдġ
͵ſ, Ҫ費ҪԵ㶫ʱ, ͱͻȻܳܳ÷ߣҶˣһȥҹ
ս㣬Ҫʲô𣿡Щƿܳ÷ĸ첲
֪ܿͱܳ÷ϰش뿪ղüţˣܳ÷Ϊ
Ϊõؿغݣ˭ģ
գǺþûˣֻú˵˵غڲסƣ룬Ϊ˽ļ棬ǰ˹Ľȣ˽Ӧꡣ
غݣѾǱ˵δǲԵģȥɡձȥ
գû˼ֻһͣҴ翪ʼûԶһֱغݿʼÿơ
ղ˵غݼһᶩ飬ΪͷİΣвң鲻Ȩ֮ƣģһᾡԼġ
ʲôԭ򣬶ı䲻Ǳδʵ顣ȻͲµ³򣬵û뵽Ϊ˱飬Ȼʹ˳
غ֪һ棬̾˿֪ѿһʱ䴦òã
ˣһƣӣվ̲סˣԣ˾͸Ͻ뿪
غЦ⣬᣺һԣòãæżӰ࣬ϻҪӦܾ꣬ûúóԹˡ
غ˵갴˰Լθθһ򲻺á
룬ȻͬԷֺαŤǵͷ¡
ɨһϵĲʽһ붼ԼԵģסԼЩʲôأȷſԼġ
յ˽̽Ķλֱӿ룬ǸᲦ˵绰ȥп𣬴ȥһ£
ʲô£Ѳȥ׽\\飿׼ȥѵĻһŰһŵ绰ĵ
ҵĺýãȥʲô֪Ц⡣
Ҫȥ׽\\飬ԲЩżʱغʮ˴˸顣
ûػҪԷɣŶãװװӶԸ
ҪȥĻҸ㷢λԭ˽̽Լһȥָ⡣
ãϾ˵ȥñ任ϵĵȹ˴ôЩ㡣
УϵЦ⡣
ûнⳡ̸ɻ˽̽Ƶȴһʱغ̯ơ
̸ˣȥͣƾʲôһ˱ù˭Ҳù
ԼѾ͸֣Ҳ뿪˹˾ǻʲôвԼ
뵽ȲɲţҪȥˣһ군ɡ
˾Ƶ꣬˽̽ܿͳͽȻϣѯʽȽĴ㡣
˺һ¥ǺľˡȲԼͷ
˲Լغݣⲻȫǰǵ˼
˴ʮӵӣϽܵǰû°ɣ
ȱЦĻֻѾˡ
ߣǾȥǶԹŮῴȽȱ˶ߡ
û뵽ȻͻȻãܳ÷ͷỹڸСҹȻͨ籨ŵĻᡣ
غٷԵرɨһ۶洹գ²һǰȦӻգҪǲôͺˡ
ĻͲܾԼŰԼˡ
û˵Ϊ֪ˣֱغݵĴղһƿ۵뿪ˡ
غЩΣɱָղŵĶЭٴһᣬʲôòã
ſڴղɱþ͸èۿ棬СķԱü˿ͷ񣿡
غüģܳ÷еİɣһᴧĦġ
һ㣬յ޳ɣҲûڻʲôֱӴţմţʹ߽Ůˣһɻնϵãغݵδ޽ȡ
һ˲סܿ侲ǲûʲôûʲôµģ̧ͷϽʵ˭˽˵ķǷģ
ȼһϣЦһС治ʶң
ͻȻԼѶˣȾͲûƬ
˵ʲô̬ȱǿӲ
С㣬ǲ˽䣬׽\\ġ˵ŷ˺غݣǴһֱŮ˵ı󣿡
ƵܺãΪغչס׷غѹͲ֪ſڵĶֱһɤӡ
غݣǾͬ¥ķˣҶһģɶ֡
Ȼû뵽ȴôûʣۿᣬǿӲλС㣬鷳˵עһ㣬Ҹ̰
ɣպҼҵʦųɵȻÿôǮǣڹ˾ţϧ˵ſ򱳺һŭغݡ
ȣʲô˼ϸ뿪غһؿȣᱻ˲١
ûʲô˼˵æżӰҰҪҹ㣬ⲻ˳ǵ˼𣿡˵ʱٴδغԱߵա
֮ǰֻյƬ⵹ͷһؼˣȷʵǸӣֲغΪԸؼҿ
ﲻֵĵطϸһȥغﶼҪðˣԭյĹϵòͣôһָ֣Լˡ
غݣȻôϲգǾһ㣬ȥҳ˵Լ£˵ϲ͵\\Ĵ̼УȾԼѾܴˣñӶųȫء
С㣬ҳԣ˵ȵĻձøӾҪΪԼôԼС
Сľ仰˵ˣ˼ֻҪû׽/ڴԽƱɣ˵ĵذմͷţҪĻ͸֪ʱõѡ
Ҫ㰹˼ǣֻļ棬Ϊ֮ǰķֻŶѡ˵껹Цһ
ԭǺǧĽ˿۽硣
ҵһμСôŵġ˵ֱ˦һơ
Ҹⲻ㿪۽𣬼СǶֱֵġ˵˦˦Լơ
ȣҶҵˣغ˵־Ҫմ
ֱȴǯסȻȴǸʵӡ
غݣ˵ңûϵȻôСǾӲһ㲻Ҫ鰡ľˡ
ΪغݵĹϵȻسԹϣںͶķһֱ˷죬ǻȺֱȡ
ղµʱѾˣеĿɬС㣬Ѿ͵úˣ㻹ô鷳ԺܺԼδ򡣡
գǲǾԼίҪ˵ôߣغݸιԴʱôأӰҵ˵ĴԶ˺㣬ȻôߣôİýЩԴģ
ȵĻյɫò԰Աߵһⲻ˼˵õŮӻҪƷСǳʶˡ
غݲɺڽûд˹Լԭƣ벻ڸǱŮѹŲܶ
ȣҵĺغݼҧ˵仰ġ
ڴϳʡϡ
Ƭ𣿡ȿԱߵᡣ
ˣҪ𣿡ỹЩûأĵƬƺܺǻкС
￴ضϧ𣿡֣ȻԼʹʱñ˸ʹõĿⷽ
ȣҰЩƬȥԣյᣬغһŭؿȡ
ҪʻҪԼ֮أοȥ𣿡˵˹óֻ
ⲻأЩ˿⡣ȱЦ
ҿغҹգδץǸ۳İɡЦöۡ
Ϊ˲ȫЦұñӣҵþ췢˻ǡ°͵
ĻֻͷĿѣʱеŬ͸Ϊһ
غݣһһغݣҺ㡣
Ǽغæգ㲻ҪģҺܿġ
غ˵ϵϣѣڽǱߣԺȻзʰǡ
ԽڣԽǺ棬ԭֳԹϵʱͻȻһˢȫˣ˳Թ˵ĺġ
ͽȴӾƵСĵؿȣôͲ棿
Ѿвˡڸҵıӻ˾붯ҲҪΪеĺ
᲻̾˿Ȼʵڴô죿
֤ǲˣҲȥˡ֮ǰû֮£ֻǾƾʲôһ˲ʹ졣
뵽ؽҹ˾Ĺعæص£ͻȻЦŵǹƻûʱңȥȾưɡ

Ȼغݴѣζס֮ڣҲҲ׼͸¶ϢȥյǱˡ
֣֪غݳѣûֹһѣҲǻ˰Ȧˣ֪£ԽǷϢԽǻôҺ档
ųѣôӦ
С׽͸غԴϴμȣΪѼЩ֤ݣȻغһֲû뵽ô򵥴ֱ
Ǻͼ˲졣֣Լ˵Ⱥͼϵãܲõ֣֮ǰЭӦ飬Ǳвˡ
һۣܿһ졣
챳ңҪסغԴĹ˾ϾĲҵ
Ȼ£ҵĺӦòܵʲôӰ졣ǰͶô࣬ĿȻܱͣ
ţԼʻ˽ȡСҲԸԳˡغԴ²ǽȽѡִԭ
Ҷա֣˵겻Щ꣬Щǲغݡ
ϵһغԴʾ֣Ҫˣʱ䲻ˣϢˡ

ʱû뵽Ҫ˯˻ܳԵϣȻܿ챻ֹ֤ʵʵԡ
Ȧңغ֪Լݻ飬ȻһҲӡƾҪغݡ
ұȽ֪˹һңԸģǱȵģ֮ǰ˭˭ȻѾ˷Ƿ־̬ȡãҲǱȼغݵģôҲܺߣԸģҲǻˡ
´ֻе˲ɣǣҶλС㵹Ǻܺ档֮ǰ鲢ûἰλȣʱҲ֪һʲôˣ
غȫ죬ֻմѣһĹǵCPȻûôʵеؿĹǾЩꡣ
ȻѾʵЭǾͺþۺɢ£ǵһ
յ·Եưܵòˡƾͦϧġ
ʱҪ˵ͿֻͷϢѾˡ
ʱãϢ
Ц⣬˵󣬲ŷԼҪȥѧϰ»ûǡ
ȥѧϰ£»һ֧֡
ˣȥ೤ʱ䣿ͻȻʵ
µʱ䡣룬£ôԼ׼ҹʱ׵¡
Ȼͱ£׻ҪһʽĳϲǣԺһֵü¡
һ¶Ըܵĺ飬ʵĻô
ܲ룬ԺҲѡƺʱϲЩõ塣
ȻҲЩУδ߻룬Ȼųμӻ񣬿Ҳų飬ֻҪٵȵȾͺá
Ϊغ̽£úܶһҹߣ֣˵ҵĿѾͶôʽȻ˵ͳҵĻԼʱȱ֡
غ̽Ϊ赭дرʾΪͶ̣غݲȥѲӣ˳㴦֮ǰ˽¡
Ҳˣһʱ䣬Ϲٲ΢ּˡ
ҹ˾ٲһƬ

ʱӰϰֱ࣬и·ڲŸԼ뿪Ϣ
ʱԭΪص¿ǣ־Ǿ仰˵úܶԣһСʱľ룬ûôԶ
˵ԸһݼһҲ㹻ˡ
뵽ͼȥѧϰʱԼգЩԶ
ˣʱĵƬȥǵôҡѵ
ţ»ȥŪʱֲԼġҵ
Ȼûƣ룬ȥǲԼͬѡ˻ؼϢ
ʱʾǰƬǣʰﶫʱöЩ
û뵽ҲôжʱʱﲻԾЦ⣬Сó£ȻŵԼκ
κУ룬ʱ°ɡ
Դѻ˵ͷϢƵԸ˺ܶ࣬ʱǵԼ￴һ仰Ŀʼ
ϲһˣ᲻ԾҪԼһз/ʱ룬ȷʵôֵ
ʱҲ⣬ͷԼͣͺܿ췢Ϣ
죺ĩԡ
ǵ˵Լķܺóԡ
ʱڴ
һûһ죬ȵʱӦʱ򣬷־ȻѾʮһˣЩ˼ضֻĻǾȻСʱķϻ
˼ǣûоġ
죺컹ϰ࣬Ϣ
ʱһ绹Ҫ壬ȷʵϢǡ
ڶһ磬ʱ½Ҿ͸ܵǵϲá
㣬ʲôôˣʱʵ
ҰȥˣҪýأǿȼٴĿ̣ɲúúÿ佱һ
ȷʵǼϲ¡ʱҲŸ
ȼٴĿҲ˺˳¸¾ͻĿȹˡ½룬ȻֻҪʽλĿ˵ܿ
ô죿ʱôˡ
Ͷ֣ܷԼ壬ʽʲôȻͺܿ죬Ҫϵ壬ڹƶء½Ҳǽã֣ۡ
˵ڵȿءʱЦŲ
ǿɲˣ¸¾Ϳڸˣʱǵÿճĩһۡ½
ã԰ǱʲôʱʼԤۣʱʵ
껹֪ƷأȲԤۣнĿ˽ʱֱ½㳢ֱ
ҲУƷЩڻ˹𣿡ʱҲȷǲȶȡ
һһ충ˣţҪǲ⣬ʱʱֱ
ԺЭ̣ҲֻȻôֳɡʱ
ԣ֮ǰҲ뷨Ѳܶ٣Ҫȡһ㣬òͬķʽǣҲܲǮ½Ĵ㡣
ȷʵףǱС׼װޣʱЩȡ
ԱǼҲͨˣܣʱǱ߿϶֮ǰˣ׼ǶԵġ
һԺܸߣڴɨӣϣʱܲԼҵķӣǼҿɾ͸˲ˡ뵽֮ǰ£½ҡͷɻ
ˣǿأʱ¡
ðҹ͵͵ˣãƨˣһȺ˻ڵóӶˡ
ǲ°ɣʱЩĵ
Ұ˵ˣֻҪǲ£ȵĿʱ򣬻ƼȥС½֪˾һʳͷԣȻԴҲ
ȻǴ֧ܵʱ򼵶Ŀ£½ȫѾǵˣʱҲŷ
֧鿪ϵЦݾûϹʱʣ½ȫڣСʱǽȽʾ壬ɽ塣
ۣ𣿡ʱҲһĸˡ
/Ųʮȵ¸µ׽ƾͳˣǽƱңңءŸʱǣ½ȫǸм֪ûǣҲûнĽ졣
Ӧû⣬¸԰ļҲóʱֻȶȡ
ԶԶԣҲ˵ˣְҽû۷ѵˣ˵һ飬ȽϤÿ̴̽ң½ȫʱ
ãʵܼ򵥵ġʱͷӦ´£˯֮ǰѩǱ߷˲̵ְ棬ʱԴӡ۵λá
ʮ·ݵѾ۹ˣչʮһºʮ»ٿһΣֻҪ֤ЭԼϴǮû⡣
ʱţͰĵ˯˹ȥϵĻҵǱʱĿ⣬ϵѾֻڵͶͶСʱ籣
ڻؿƵԼʱЩڣڻҵĴǶԱȵʱڵʱ
вСʱʱʱ֮ǰĸٺͪA׬Ǯ͸Щ
еʱƵѧ˵øãĶСˣǿƵֻܹ
ֻģй̨߰˰ҲԽɡʱ͵
ǻҪǣ鷳ѾڴϵȺ﷢̣ǲģصĶŮ¸ܿЧˡ͵
ҲԣѧƵĳҲΪô·ʱҲͦá
ΪֵҽƱսɵʱ䣬СƵȶˡ
ҲŴ֣ɷµΪʲôں鲻Ϣ
ʱֻܲ鵽ҵԼҽƣְĲ鲻
ʱӦǹȤԼģҽԺӦöЩİǡ
죺Сʱʦʲôʱٳһڸ˰㡣
ʱٴȷڴȤԼˣһŭıȥԼ顣
Ц⣬Ϊĩ£ͬǶϳѧƵʱͷ˭ǸƷˣ׷ױʾƵʱÿ
û뵽㾹Ȼѵ־һ꣬Ϊ֮УѵǸһ
ĿǰûУŬС鶼֮ǰºࡣ
ˣͱЦˣ̼ˡ־ԼֱԼŰ
뵽ĩԼᣬͲɱڴ

غȻʹϵѺ;ߵ״Чá
ղжϷеϵʽ˵Ǽˡ
յʱԼϵۣغݺǵա
ҲڲǽԼĺʱһֻʵ֪ʵϵ۶Ҳܲ
ȻϣˮۣĿǰЧãԥǲǸ÷Ÿųתƴҵעʹܳ÷֪ҩϢ


46 
ܳ÷óӪ, ǰŸսҽԺžƬ, ȻƬ, Ϥһ֪ա
ܿյĻⱻˢķ˿ܾǵ, ԭ򣬷˿Ϊ
Ϊغ̽¼, ⼸һֱڱ˵áУҵȫжϡ
ƷǿƬۡ
ǣѾ֮ǰķˣΪʲôô˶ⴧأ
õգҪ˵С, ѵӦǽȲ
ҪǿܲܲҪô˫꣬ǽȲ, һֱܺߡ
ҲҪأղǷ˷, ˳ؽ
óԣ·, ȥƵһȦ, ȷʵе֡
벻Ҫңⲻ
Ϊ³, һ˾ܺߣһǾﲢ޹ϾѾ, з˻, йŮһңڳҲǺõġ
Ʒǿɹܲô, ǰҩ¹Ϊ, ܵȸ罻ȥй, á
ΪȥƵ£Ǵأʱﲢʹ죬ֱϵ˾񲿴£ֱԸͽ⡣
Ǳߣƨ£ѵѺոغݿţ
ʱͲֵܰ𣿡ĸ֪ϵ˹˾ķһĲá
ѵôңȷʵ
ǲʡġĸüͷ뿪˷䣬ЦһҪ㲻ʡľͺˡ
غݵĻԼô׼Լ˭飿
֪ûغҲˣ֮ǰһֱͣԴӾ£ף͸ƨԼʹĿ֡
ڻҪάֺؼҵĻԼǲԼʲôÿʼ߻뿪ˡ
ڵĻ϶ױҵĻôҲԺ󶼼˰ɡ
ҲãۿȢһŮʰʼ˼ǮƣϾʱǿ϶һʱ䶳ԼĿ

غļֵõҽԺ֪ϴθһõؿܳ÷ͷôչģ
Բܣûգҽ˵úܼʱܳ÷һǸؿغݡ
ܣҾʱǲҪֵúãķֻոܡüغݣԲͬ
֮ǰ۱Ͷղٳ޷ǾǻϽ͡
ţ˿ġغٲȻѾ˾飬ĸ±档
˵ʲôʲôû˵ˣԼȥɡ
ܣλ벻ΪЩڱۣܳ÷ȻŹ״ĻᣬеĴƵϣغݾͲûˡ
ܳ÷ǿŮŵİߣغݴ绰ϣ͵Ǳ̸Ů׷Ͷʡ
ܣûٴƵ˼ϣԭ̲סϵ
غݴһ˼ѵҪƽϢۣòҪٳ֡
ϴѵҲǣĪȫɾһء
Ǳߺܿϴθձ˳غæ˹ȥҽô
Һ÷ֵüʱ̵ࡣҽ˵겻ҡҡͷͷˣôô
ҩбܳ÷ֵģʱ˼ȻϴθʶҽĻɴҲ߬ҩȷʵơ
ڵľֳ취ƽ⣬Ҳİ취ƽ⣬غݴչüҽʿæȰغ뿪Ҫ̼ˡ
գ㲻Ҫ㲻뿴ңھ뿪غݰյ
뿪ҽԺԼҪͣȵĿýȳܵĿѡ

ʱʮ£Сʱ籣Ƶٴγ֣εĴΧˣϻȺһΣδҵĹע඼Ƶݣʱο
ۿѾˣΪһܲμӻûлؼңһͷϢѯȥʱ䡣
ʲôвͻǻ죬˴ҵѡ
ʱ˸ǲϲԻûҪΪǨһԻԼŪպˮͺˡ
ظ˹ϢʱոԼ£ҪȥԼľߵСѣ
֪ΪʲôʱЩ죬ҪҪиɨ
ʱܿûʱˣΪ½ȫĵ绰ˣڷشǱһˡ
ʱŸкͳĻȥȥ·ϣʱɲ²½ȫԼʲô£ѵʾͶƱ£
ڴҶڷͶƱʱǷȦϣܹͶһƱ
Ļø԰ͪA԰Ĳ·ˢ󣬿Ȼһ¡
ʱߵߵţ½壬ң
Ҳʱʱŷ½ȫԱ߻˱ˣǴίĺһҡ
СʱϺҪѯ㡣½ȫҲЩء
ôˣʱ״鲻ɱ
Сĸ£͵ҽԺҽԺǱ߼ףиʲôţȥӽҽü𣿡½ȫʵ
Ѿĸ𣿡ʱü
ԣĸ¡æӦ
ľʮҪʮ죬ôɺаĵȴڣҲ˵ڽɺҪȰʹáʱܵ˵üһ㡣
ҪȰ꣬˵˾𣿡ʱĻ󣬺ɱż
˾ʮеȴˣǿȥѯҽǱߣⷽ棬˽òǺ˰Ҫգ⻹ǵѯǱ߲ǡ
ǵøϽȥʣҪǮأҪǲһ겻Ͱ׸𣿡˵žʹȥҽǱߡ
⺢ӶĸˣôûӰҽʱʵǺ棬½˵ÿ굽˽ҽʱ½ȫҼһشŽɣû뵽˲ӡ
ⲻΪС˲Ž𣬶һҪ쿨֮£һСľϵˡЩڵץץԼͷ
ҿǾǲģҪβܱҲǻá½ȫһ޶ҽҩʱѹһͥοũ塣
ÿ궼ǿһ꼸ٿҲϣοСӣڵСǰĺӿɲһ
ȥ˵˵ŸϽ뿪
½壬ղ˵̫ˡʱ½ȫ˱ȴĴָղŵǷֱﻰ
Щ˰˵ٶ඼ûãǵԼϲ֪ż½ȫҪҡҡͷ
ܶ˶ҪԼ˽ѵ֪ΪǺáʱȥڷ־һһ˾һǧ࣬һζûùҪȡЭ飬׼ˡ
˵С˷ףǸ֪ʲô֣ͦصģҪǮ½ȫҡͷ
ǵ⳥𣿡ʱҲ̲סĲ²⡣
ҲڱϣҺϴûŻǿһ֣Ҳ֪⳥Ҫõ½ȫҲ̾
Ӧÿ˰ɣ˵ܿĿҪ𣿡
ʻ˵ɣҽ¸úú£ǲҪٶǮ͵һ껨ٶƽҲǺõġ½ȫѾ˼Ӵȵˡ
ʱ룬Ҫÿ½ȫľͺˡ
ôһ飬Ѿ緹ʱˣʱ½ȫһȥԷ
ǰ꣬ɽоӣºӢһʹɽȥ˾ӻ˻æЦŵкóԵġ
һ㣬ɾûоӳˡ
ʲôӣʱЩ棬ͬʱҲʣӦܳԵְɡ
ľĳԣûġºӢʱ˼Цŵ
ʱЩڵشҪ˾ж¼
ȥԷСӿԣҲԷ
½ڶ¥޵Ƭ
ˣղϺʲô£ºӢ˳ʵ
ӵ£ĸµ˻ûҽ˵½ȫ;
С˻ڣɾʹ߹ȥ£ʱСӲżأǵãĸ˶ûһжҪ֪ϵʲôʱ
ϱҲǸûġºӢҡҡͷȻǿϺϱӡ
˵ʲôأ½ʱԱ¡
£ˣϽԣСӻͷء½ȫЩСһ档
İɣ⿴ء½óԼֻװͷСһҪ˯СʱŸ˯´Сʱء
ʱǳԹſѵģЩȣ˵ӡ󣬻ǺսӴķ֣ôˡ
ⴧĦ£Ͼ죬չҷıƽϢȫˢܾ
ʱûȤȥû˯ãúúò߲ǡ
ʱŸһ˵֮ǰΪ԰㣬ʱһֱǱߣԶ˶ЩϤ
˵ԸָòǵҸʱȥ̽²ǡ
Ͼһ˴꣬Ÿ
ǻָͦá֮ǰ־Ѿȥ̽ˣΪʱʱǻڼֻŽȥ
ĵԭ򣬴ҿò١
°ص½ҵʱʱſҷˡ
壬ôʵ𣿡ʱĵ
ʵˣаĵȴڣǸСʱ㿴ܰ취˵꿴ʱ
ʱʱÿЦãϽ͵壬ƶȾҲû취ġ
Ͳͨһ𣿡һؿʱ
ӣ涨˭ı䲻˵ġʱĽ͵
ô죬ҪüľһĽ
˷׻ʲôʱ֪ũ˵ҲһʲСĿ
˵ಡһİ
ಡʱЩȣȻĸ²ŷ
鵥ľ߽ȥҽԺʳȷһ㡣һĳݷֻϱĲʳ
ʱһۣдŷȱҲֻ̫ܽ飺ȻҽȥмҽԺǾȥһ£ҲܷЩ
ҽǸû취𣿡廹ǲ
壬û취ϽȥɰɣȻȥҽԺ飬ʲôһأĻҲõˡ
õ׺˲ȥ顣˵֣Ǳ⳥¡
ôܵβǡ
ȥʡ½ȫôȥʡ
Ǿллˣܾõʱ͵ȥˡ
뿪ıӰʱ̾˿žĲβɣеһٷѼǧ򣬵еȴΪѶ
Ǽ˵ɣҲ֪ҪѡʱͱҲ֪ϲ
ʱҡҡͷಡ;ˡ
Ϻʱ˳¡
ʱಡҪܶǮ
죺ҪɣصĿ룬ҡ
ʱʲôȱǺӲĸ´
죺СĻҽԺߺиʲôᣬũĺӻⲿѵģȥڿǱ߸ѯ¡
ʱܼ⣿
죺֮ǰصѯѡ
ʱãܼǾ̫ˡ
죺ǽĺӣ
ʱţηײżģľҽԺȥмҽԺþȷһ㡣
ʱ룬һ߿ֱȥҽԺ飬˳ѯѵ⡣
죺ӻСصĻٵȵȣеĻԼãǴȥ飬ǱҽȷĽġ
ʱŶ
죺ã˾͸㡣
ʱڶһֱ£ֱȷԼѺŸߺޡ
һ˷ܣܼѣ
һƫǲɣǷҪȥмҽԺ飬ȥһңʱҽҲǵġʱùҽĻֵ
úúã͸ҶǣȺһԺǴȥ顣һĸˡ
ȷʵһֵø˵£½ȫҲĸˡ
ټϢʱʱʱΪ죬ͰԼҪؼҵĶʰˡ
°֮ǰȺ߼ԼѾϢ
ͷȻҪϰ࣬Ծβĺ顣
˵ȥǱˣ־Щ棬ȥǱ߸
ʱǱиӷȱȥǱѯѼ¡ͽ͵
һΪȥҽĽ̨ܴء־٩
ôģһ
ȫҵ˶֪׷ʱĽܿԷˡ־Ц⡣
ŲĸûϵˡͲֵࡣ

ûʱʱԼº˲٣һһļ䶼ÿġ
ˡʱ£һ
ҶҲǹٵģ³ɲܿƵġʱ͵
֪°߷ڻ³Ͳ𣿡û
ʱԶĸĶʱҲᣬҲûʲô
ʱһ͹ºйأȻʱٵˡ
ĸ׵Ļ˵һʱ͵Цһغ͹ཨ裬ü˶Ҫܸ
ʱԲɵһʱüһžԼºЩô޲ջظղŵĻ
»ÿ˼С㣬ѾϴСˡһĺɸ֡
ǣҲű£ôϴСˣʱһز
˵Ǿǡһʱ˲졣
ʱЦ⣬ͷѾȥװˣϾʮһ·ˣȥ£Ьӡ
֣ʱȻܾ뵽Լ¹ºҲУ
ĸŮһ죬Ȼʱ϶˲ٴӣʱԭ׵ģϧĿĵؾղסˡ
ϳԷʱʱ˵ԼһҪľ£Щ顣
ôһߣʱ˵겻ɿʱһۡ
ڽߣҪͬϵ¸ɣһȥ档ʱǵһζĻѣôһ˿顣
ҲǣǱ㶼ûʲôͬദʽǵԼ罻ȦӲǣ´οһ𵽼档ͬص˵ͷ
ãǡʱ˵ͷ
ǵڶһʱͳˣͷ簲ԼѾˡ
ڻ꣬Աڰһֻܿظȥ
죺·СģҺܿҲҪˡ
ʱãҪˣ˵ˡ
ʱһ·ϵЩЩ̲ס룬㲻ǵһԼ᣿
ŵѾܾûˣΪһĸ̥ʵôһ㼤ġ
ľ΢Ҫһ㣬Ȼȴʱȵ
ʱǰԼСĵַҲǵ֮ʱȻ˵ԼĻôԼʲô
ѵԼֱȥУ뵽ʱϽҡͷŲҪأôҲǵһԼء
ߵҲǰ˹ԣԼʱȥӰҲ֪᲻Ӧ
ʱϵ͵ĳ³ĳɵȥĵطҴȥ
ţϾǶҲûϵġ
ͷųʱϣȥӰ𣿡
ʱ룬Һûֱе˵˵£˵ͷãȰѳȥ
ԭΪͻأû뵽Ȼ˳
¡ͼתæסʱɻĿд򿪺ţóǰ׼ķõݵ
ϴοϲͽ͵
Ưллú£ɫĻ滹ˮ飬Ưˡ
ϲͺáͼϲ˿
ȥͣʱû뵽ͻԼҲûԼô
ѻڸʻϣʱ̲סƬţ⻨ĺƯʱֻܴڳˡ
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˵Űֻݸʱѡ
ʱһεģпƻƬиЦƬһഺʹѧ
Ա֮£ʱȥഺʹѧѯ͵ô
Ҷԡ˵ʲôӰҪҪǺ˭һȥ
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Ǳ߽ŮＸű׻̲衣
ʱͷ׻̲ǿӰı䣬ôܲҪأ
ǱߵҡָָԱ̲Ρ
ʱûоܾһ׷ߵġ񡱣о񻹲
ʱͳǱ׻ؿȥһ۾ͿȺͣʱ̲סﴽǡ
͹̲ʱʱֹҪ̲Ĵ㣬ͲĿ⣬ЦŵҺ̲裬ȿȰɡ
£ܿͷá
ȵףҲ˼Ʊʱ䣬Ȼĩ糡ǼҳӿӰģǿĵӰӰǾʣŮӣҲϰˡ
ʱǵһ糡ĵӰԱߵͣʵƽʱӰ𣿡
ʱ俴æ˵һ˿Ӱеֵĸо
ʱҪ˵ʲôͻȻӰĵˣȻǰĻģʱǾúڰУֲ֪
򿪱׻Ͱʱתͷ㲻𣿡
ڰŴ˵ĸй٣ĲôʱǸܵĺ
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˵ȥñ׻ȴСʱű׻Ͱ֣ĴУͷɿƿǸ
ʱ룬ԼӦ˵ûϵػģ񶼲ԣǾͼװûɡ
ӰʽʱԼרעӰ
ղŵĴ̲סƫͷһԱߵˣһؿǰĻƺûа·
ʱ룬/̥ȻഺʹѧرڣЩѡⲿƬӡ
Ȼпɣʱǲܴ̥ܽڣױΪʲôҪڳŮȻҵɹˣɳΪӰ
ӵӰԺʱ̲裬룬´λǲഺʹѧˣĹȻʺ
ϲƬӣͲ
е㣬㣬Ҳ޳𣿡ʱ̲ס档
ңͲⷢ棬ܶν⻳взĲΡ
أʱ׷ʵ
ضԷоȥԷϾ
ˣˡʱ˵æͷһ̲裬ղһǱԴŻʳ
ĲڣЦ⣬Ȼʲô
ϰ𣿡ʱͻȻʵ
ţװࡣͻǵԼӦĻ
԰ɣϰ࣬ȥʱ
˵ǣ
ʱһʱ䣬ѾʮˣǵǾ԰ɣȥˡ
ãʲô
ûʲôóԵģȥסĸɡʱǱ߱ȽϤ
ʱ۰ȫʱע⵽Ա˵ĿһֱԼϣһûϡ
Աߵ˸Ұ㡣
Ϣʱ̲ססֱꡱһԼ͵ˡ
ֱ뿪ʱʵԼԵġ
ȫе⣬һֱȥͲɽ͵
ԭʱԲ˿ԭǰȫ۱ԭ򣬲ֶûϡ
һͲﴽǣʱõĵʼ
Ϊ˱׻̲Եʣʱ緹ԵĲࡣ
ʱ·ȥУպÿʳ
ʱ໤˵ٶȲʱȥľĳˣǱ߶Ƚȫ
㸺ѡˣҸˡͶʱİûò̫͸պÿԳ˽¡
ﲢԶʱȡƳͺͬȡƳܰȻ˸š


47 
ԼžܾǽһԷ, ʱʱ޲Ҹطȥ
ܰȻ˾ȵıٿʱϵͲɱ˷˿ʱ, ЦŵԭܾΪҽԼ˰
ǸܰȻβ, ϵζ
һԶ˵ͷǴк
ôˣʱŬЦ߲Ϊ˱, ƽĩǲҪ԰ҹ׷ԹϣȻ
Ϊʲôû˯, һĵߵĳС
ǹˣڼԽ͹װں棬Ͼ͹ˡ͵
ǻˡʱЩΣҪҪһ
װǹƹ, ǾȹȥˡܰȻʱգգۣ˼Բ, ȷŹ
뿪ıӰ, ʱ̾˿, ֪ԼͲǲǡ
ͼһİ, ̽ʵҪԼһ𣿡
, ֻԼң˵ŹеΡʱԼյԭ
ʹǵЦⲻɷŴ, ȥˣ
ʱʱܰȻ׵Ժ, ͵ġԼᡱ
Сղ֮Щ˲ʧӰ١
˲ųȥ, ʱһʱҲ֪ѡʲô, ƫͷԱߵʵʲô
Ҷ, ͺáʾ
ѡֵľͺá߲Ŀʱ֪ѡʲôˡ
ƺĲ֪ѡʲôͻ֣ѡ֮ǰʹʱ
ⷢչ˻ڻܺߵܰȻǸпеʱ˾͸ѧƵģھȻͻͽ͵ңһˣ»С޵ļӸС
ϴβ˵ҽҪȥѧϰԳŻûȥУץʱԼ᣿²ȽϿס
ˣˣ˵ҽٺúʱ𣿡װЩЦؿ͵ˡ
㲻ܰȻһۣȻǰˡ
㿴ҽ˺úãÿһʹʱ꿴һĽ
û뵽ҽ˽ôᣬע⵽ûֻҪʱ˶ܰȻ˷ܣCP̫ˡ
԰㿴վһð䡣
۵֣߲׼ȥ㣬ʹ㡣
ʱһȵڳٴܰȻǣǣֱ뿪УǶûǡ
Ŷʱǰ棬ɼӿ˽µĲ·ģƲϵûȥ·
Ҳһɡʱֻˮ
ãֱӻȥ𣿡ʵ
ţ̫ණˣȻȥɡʱʱ̲ס룬ҺѾǰҼɨˡ
ͣλþ߲Զ˰ѶŽʱԼ仹Լϣˣ
ʱСʱλͿֱӿͣպʱλпλ
ʱƳԱӵˣڵͷԼĻǲԾһöЦ
ɨģ࣬ͰѶűĹʱƳһʱ䣬㣬ѲھҪʼ׼ɣ
ôʱʲôŲԵ̫أʱץץͷ֪ȥһӰˣʱոպá
ͳʱʱѾԼ𣿡
á˵ԱߵĵɳóЩڣȻ
ֲ߬Ѿʪ⡣
ʱңذ尴һȦûֺʵĽĿɴ˻ͷ֮ǰǸȱಡ𣿡
ʵСͦģ˷ȱ𣬻Ҽȱ𣬺߸ЩеСһϴȥڿѯѵʱ˳䡣
ʱüͲҽ͵Ļûôȫ棬ȻҽԺڿǱߵʦ
ˣӦúܿԼȥģȿӣȥи̡ʱ˵
ԱߵҲҰһɡ
á ʱֻ˴һֵֹģֵ㺲
͵ĵ绰Ǳӵ绰ͣʱ룬´һʱٻ
ѳˮƤƤðƤİƤȻк÷ڹ
ȥʱ򣬷ͻڽӵ绰Ӧǹϵ¡
ʱ߳ƻ߿Ǳߵˣغ͵绰ͷ˵ʲô˵ʱżᳯ߿һۡ
뵽ܿҪȥѧϰʱɴסԼ۵׵
͹Ҷϵ绰һǸؿʱǸҽԺǱ£ڵøϻȥ
ûϵҪȥɡȻЩźٷûԵ϶ǹȽҪ
Ҷϵ绰Щ䣬ԺԼһ״ᾭ˵Щƽ
ʱûı仯ֻпҽ̫ࡣ
ֱͣתʱǸڴˡ
˵ڴԼĲˡ
Ǿ͵´пպˡʱ
ͻȻãᱻһ绰ߣ񲢲ܳΪһϸѡ˵ؿʱͼĵʵ뷨
ÿ˶ԺϸĶ岻ͬҵǲϸΪʱƫͷԼĴ𰸡
ʱĻüͷ滺ѾЦ⣺ã֪ˡ
ȵ͵ĳҰʧʱϵЦҲ˵һ㲻ʧҲǼٵġ
뵽ԼձȥĻû嵽ƿֱȸԾ
ǵ֮ǰƿһֱûùó
úܾ£ʱСĲ𿪣Ȼ޼õ֦Ҷٰǲ嵽ƿ
һУʱóֻ˲ͬǶƬȦʱԥ£״̬Ϳɼ
ʱŻƿĻһﴦõʳģæһҪȥľԵûỵ
һʱ䣬ȻԹСֶӵȺ﷢Ϣ
ʱ̽Сjio jio
ܰȻӴпˣҽأ
ʱǻʼ
꣺ҪҽһͻȻ˷jpg
ʱҪʳļ롣
ܰȻ
꣺ʲô
ʱҹ˵

ʹЩʳĹˣʱĻܰȻʵ
԰ҾҪȥľѵЩһȥʱָָԼղŴʳģѾõʳģԿڸоͻˡ
˵ҽҪܴΪܶҪʱܵһʱϹʱҪܰȻԵķ
ţסܹǶģòһĶģȻ
ô˵أˮů֪ʲôǶ֧㡣һ
ĻʵҲù˼ô࣬ϾҽļƷɲ࣬ʱ֣ĻؿǰɡܰȻ˵ʱգ۾
̫ңԶˣһûǹʱҡͷʾԼû¡
ǾԼİɡ
׶ˣϽ̲˰ɡͷԽ彨

ֻ֣ϵѣտҩסԺ°Ѵ󲿷Ťת˹ɿʼŮ
Ů˲Ա˺ݣǶԼݣѹܹסغݡ
Դ˵غǸʲô飿
ҽԺغݹȥƵҿյ״̬Ϊǡ
ڹæĿϵ°ɣֻҪȵĿؼҺͽҲܽ󡣡غԴﲻЦ⡣
ǸǱʲôж𣿡֣Щ档
˵ڿǸĿ֮ǰܶƶԸ֮֡
εĿؽҿأغԴҲǿأɹˣôλܵش
⼸걾·غתְֱܿȻˣĶؽҵĿϡ
˾ĿȲβ룬غԴȻȥ
֣һڴ뵽ȼٴǱĿҪȹȥ׼⳥¡
Ҫһȥ𣿡֣ʵ
ο²УҪȥǱ߹˾һˡغԴЩǸؿ֣
û¡֣˵ֵĻ⣬զ࣬ʱ򶼻ӪԼȻǸݽɫ

סԺ˶ˣ˿˵Ǳ֮ǰ˼
һֱڹעϵۣԴԼǳغƵڿʼҪķȥ
գǱߴ˵绰ٶϢһٽ顣ܳ÷Լ;鹵ͨĽ
ãͽɣܲΪҵǵĽȡ쳣֡
ãǰ˰·͸ͼܳ÷Ҳڽ󣬻ܳһҵ衣
Ҫ̫ԡѵ
ģרҵģˣڲʱܱ绰ˣֻҪ䣬ͼ׷Ͷʣϧܾˡܲڣܳ÷ȻҩˮĻᡣ
ˣҪǰ֪Źģѡȥغݣɫÿ¡
ãԺҶ˵ˣȥ𣿡ܳ÷ȻգȴһЦݡ
ţȥ飬أôûȻ֪ѾԼˣջŬһ¡
ڹǱߣҲ֪æʲôܳ÷ƲƲ졣
˾飬ݿպǾȣ˵Ϣһٹ𣿡
ݣû£ܲһӰҵĽȡЦһº͡
ϳʱܳ÷ҵѾˣϷվһģֱܳ÷ʾ뿪
һᣬܳ÷յ淢Ƭѡ˼ģķյķ˿ȺӪµ衣

ʱҲ˾ƣǼβƣߣ˻Ǻѡ
㿪ֻʱ䣬ſ˷Ϣ㿪һȻͱƽϢ
죺ҵҽԺˡ
ϢȦ̬һ͵ĵޣһۣƯ
ʱüʵҲԿĻƯɡ
Ӧò̬ᷢһ˿ɼɡ
ʹҽԺͿʱĶ̬Ϊֿ̬ʼ
˵öԣÿ˶ԺϸҪһŬء

վܾԼغݺܣһʱҲõĽ취һȷʵܿˣغһֱţԼڻʱ򣬲Ҫ鷳
ܣСǱ߰Ѻüá˶ˡϣ»Ҫغһ
СҲҪңˣغݵɫ˲
СǼСĴۣ´ã¶СӰ졣ϣ˵겻ȥغݵɫ
Ȼ⻰غݵɫøˣȥҡ
ȵĿҶᣬֻܴڼƻŹ뿪ʱöǮ
ĿñİϣҲߣǾͱǮԼ߰ɡ
غԼһ񾭲
ҸڿɳϵغһȲһ˭˦ǡ
֮ǰǼˣϽߡغݵֱ
ƾʲôĲ㣬Ϊ¶ˡʱȵɫ䡣
ҵ۸ƽϢ㻹ҹж𣿡
ʲôϵⲻո𣿡Ȳָˡ
Ҫôſϳߡյ״̬ܲãغݲЩȥ
ʲôͬ⣿һ⣬һᡣ

ʱڶһȥ˽壬ͱסһϲãСʱĶ㡣
ʱ²ӦǺӵĲйأȻܿͿڵȥҽԺˣҽרҺţûֱӹ˵ţҽ˵ˣڻСĿܣȵû̸¡
һʼȷʵżˣ˵ѵ£ǵĺӣĸµĺӣҪ;ÿ£ҽĻǷ
ͦõģںӻС˵Զءʱο
ӾͲˣҲȷʵмߣûôˣ˵ǴӴﶯֻһ˿ھˡĸ˰ûãҲһСѡ
ʱһ˵Ҳ̲סǸˣȻǣǵðʱҽ
ǿ϶ģǿɳԽѵˡСסԺǻ˺üǧأһǮû
ʱ룬֪º󣬿϶ӻĽҽˡ
ʱ½Ҳ֪¥һͶһܵķǹдġ
ҿÿ챳嵽ܡ½С²
˰ɡʱڲ²
ҲɣˣԿʼˣĩԼ۰ɡ½ѾǰҺ˽̡̳
ãȹȥˡ
ʱʱŸĩ̽Ը¡
ϧСʱûȥԸ֮ǰڼ￴԰أѽȫҳˡŸǶʱӡ󶼺ܺá
ԭڵģŴŮӿ϶εεģû뵽ԶеĻҪܸɡ
Ÿɱô˵ⶼǴ˵ŬҪʾǾ͸ˡʱʱҲƱ¡
ˣȼٴǸ֣Ҫ͸Ǳߵ°ɣһ˵ŸʱĹ
˵ǴĿһǴǵ⳥ҲͿˡʱЦŵ
֮ǰܵУôҹһΪ⳥£񶼺ڴꡣ
ǿ϶ϵϴ˵¸Ŀͻʱ²֣ӿ϶ϲôõġ
ǾͺãǸ߸˹꣬Ҳܸ˹ꡣŸһЦݡ
ʱҲЦȴ룬ԸܹϰĻǾ͸ˡ
Էʱʱ½˵ķͣǴѧ
ŮҵڼﻭΪ԰Ͽ߷羰ãԹС
Ϊ˴ˣȻ֪ʱģ˳극һ¥ʾѯʱ⡣
ʱЩȣǵͷʵʲô
Щ˼ץץͷ㣬ȫְڼҵҪ籣ô򰡣
ϻҽأʱкԼ뿪ʱʰ·䡣
ӦöҪɣ˲𣿡Щɻ
ֻҽƺֱգֳַҵ֣Ȼ߻ÿǱߣԶ࿼ǣҽȥ͸ϽϰɣֱȥǵǱѯ˰ֻգܶЩǱ߱Ƚʱ
õģǵһȥҾȥ£ˣղź㿴籣Ƶ㻭˸ͷҪ𣿡ԭʱʻ裬ղ̲סλϻһͷ
ʱЩȻԼͷȻֻǿͨͷ񣬵һʱӸС
ĺúãͷ𣿡ʱŴƷŮÿɰˡ
ȻⱾ͸㵱ͷġϲҲǸˡ
֪绹Ҫϰ࣬Ҳûټš
ʱشʱ̲ס룬֣ǽӦûᵽɣҲ֪غݺյûӰ쵽ǡ
ʱһʺ˯üڣӳѣͷЩʹ
¥ʱ򿴵յķţﲻĽ˯Ȼá
֣һĿ飬־Լˣ˯
֣ιȻǴźϢģĿʽȥͻᰲ˹⳥ˡ
ʱ룬Ȼжɲϲġ
԰Ǳ߻Ҫó졣֣ͻȻʵ֮ǰ˿齱ҷԽ׼
֮ǰ²ܳ졣ʱպʹ½ͬ⡣
Ԥһǧݳ齱
ȹٿ𣿽ûԤۣƷʴﲻȥꡣʱ͵
ζӦûİɡ֣üͬϵĹѲɻζ
ӵĿڸܺܶ෽Ӱ죬⣬ˮ֮ģ֣ܻٵһȣڵǸʼƷ½͵
ȥĹӿڸкܲƾڱһܶ򣬹Ԥ۾ǡ֣Щɻ½
֣ܣʵԽǿأԽǲÿڱЦ½͵
֣Բɶ࿴ۣУҼĹ԰ɡ
ڸвԴ¹˾ǱҲԤһЩϲϵ˴򽻵
֣ѵַ½Ȼʱȥһ¹滮ĵأ֣ص˵ͷȻſʱ䡣
֣Ȼ뿪ˣĿֱѾڴ￴ӣ׼ⷿӵˣҷ׷Լҵķӡ
⳥ܿλôҶŸҶԿ¸Ľˡ
ȻµĻ֮ǰǿǼˣۿûˣ˼Ҷõ⳥ʲôûУŵȶȼٴĿȥСÿҲ׬Ǯ
½ȫҲǵļУȻŵ£ôһʵ֡
֣ĿǱô˵Ҫ𣿡½ʵ
ڲҪ˵ˣҪʱȿǣҵȻ극͹ȥǣ˳ǸɻĻ㡣Ҳһͷˡ
ӻ̵أȥ˵һû̲֤̲ݹ˾̵ģСøĻǼٵġ½ƺҲʳ̡꣬
֮꣬ǰôô½ȫĲˣǴѡʾʱκβС
ϴȥȰǵʱǿԿ꣬ǴκͰ⻰˰ɡʱǵҲͬ鲻֪պαصء
ӣ뱲ˣҲĲˡºӢӤһشˣǻӡ
ҪǸҾȥٱʲô⣬˵ʾĹؼʱ̣Ͱѱǰɡ½ȫԽ˵Խߡ
ʱ汳ŻڿĻһ¥ҪӰ½ȫй
ɽˣʱƳЬϺͿϵʵ
ţȥɽתת
ǰʱ꣬ɽϺܻСһ㡣ʱѵ
룬Ӧһ½ǵöοͲҪɽɽϵ·ʮֲߣǰܻ꣬
ص䣬ʱͷϢķɻȥУȥʱЩź
ʱһ·˳磬ҽԺֻȥ
죺ǿֻңһҵͬ£ȥҽԺͬ
ǵģȥѧϰĻڵĽĽܣ;˲ҪҲա
Ҳʱʱע⵽;ȻҲͷˣһͨҽޣЦ⣬Ϊ
ʱ
죺ŰɣǱҲ̫
ʱȥǱ߻᲻æ
죺ڻ˵׼
ʱˣȥҽԺҽˣҽ긴
죺һֶǽС̫ġ
ʱҷ񶮵úö࣬ϴСӵҲǣҲǣҽҪ
ö࣬ǰѯˡ
ʱ컹ҪϷɻϢ
죺
ʱֻóԼŽκеĻ£ȻٴδֻƵĻ£ϴСӳκӵ¶ý²ǡ

ͣʰ𣿡͸շֻ⴫µ
ʰ׵ˣǷİɡ
УϢҲûٴ
ȻһҪϷɻȴ˯ţȥѧϰæµĻٻ¼ʱɱۡ
ܵĻ£üﶼЦݣȻʱµһ塣

ʱ˸ֵΣԼ׶԰ʦͳ׶԰Сѣһֱ׷ԼҪ¡
ξһֱܣʮۣʱüģ¥ʱŷѾϻ׼ɽˡ
ʱʾעⰲȫͷʱ򣬾ͽӵ½ĵ绰ʾڻû
ԭɽСʱ󣬸½һϢʾɽϿֵˣ½ȻǱҲûлعϢڵ绰ǹػ״̬½ɿʼ


48 
ʱȥʱ, ½ȫѾŴϵĴɽȥˣΪ, ½ȫľ衣
ʾѡҪ׶, ˸òƻİɡ
ֹô룬һǰĴҲԶ󿪣ʼ²Ǹġ
ڻϵ𣿡ʱЩ, ﷢ϢѾСʱˣСʱܹܶ, 뵽ʱɱøӼ
ţֻһֱʾʱ֪ܽͨûźŻǿ˷ģʽ
½绰ȥᾪˣ˷ģʽ
־ò̫ܿģʽ, ΪʲôѡԴûźš
Ȼ, иĲ², ½Ҽ, ֻɫø
͵ɽ, Ҫ͵͵ԣʱ̲ס², ȻͽֹΪ͵͵¡
Ҳһ˵Ϊ˷ľɽϵĴܶ, ǵȥ, ΪǮû̸£ôˡ
ľôĶӦûְᷢɣʱӦòܲ, ϾľĶɲС
Ҳֻǲ², ˽Ϊ, Ӧòѡ;֮ģɽ̿ÿ㿳ҲǲٵǮȻũ˵ġ
֣ϣﲻҪϡʱǡ
½ͬǣ˵ȥĵطͦġ
ͷ½ȫŲٴѾɽϣǿʼѰӰΪǰʱ꣬ɽϵ·Щߡ
ټڴҼɽԭ·˲ݣľҲïʢֻ͸֦ķ϶
Ȼż͸ѾЩ½ȫкңǵĸϽҵСǣοͣ¡
ʾѡ¸Ҫһ˵˻ԸԸߣ˵֣ǸȼٴĿֱӾͷˡ
֮ǰ֣Ϊ̸⳥£Եʱ򣬾͸Ӳܳӡ
ҲµҪԷ˵Ĵܶࡣ
ɽϣźźܲãʶ㣬½ȫˣҲ˵ϵϵԭпܾûźš
ˣ˷ˣһʱӦӲŶԣȻĴǶ˴뵽½ȫɴߴٴҼӿٶȡ

˵Сũ峤ɽºӲǳе£ϼǱ߽꽨˹ҵ԰Сʱĸ־ɫ˸ɾ
԰ȫչ˽ƿڣ鵽ޣֱӶƱϣεܰҵС
ߵôɽȻС󣬾ȵͬʱָ׷ܣֱС󲻼ԺŷԼߵЩԶ
˼Լ·ʱ˵һʼûе£ΪǽĴ
ǵСһ㣬ҪǱ˷־Ͳˡ˵һĽ
һ֪˵ˣɽҲûɽµҲʲôЩΪ⡣
˵˵ﲻҧأԼȻٸ½Ϣ
æֻΪһֻѾûźš
ﲻüźŲã˵һ£ǰˣҲأҲ֪Ǹղ۵ĵʲô¡
˵ʲôԼĸϽ뿪ǡ
ۿԽԽˣԺÿøӰѾǣǮôꣿ
ģǽǱߺˣ˵ͶʣǶ⳥ڼﶼǮõĺʲôʱֵǡ
ɽǮǹǿˣҪ´ģǰѴһϣܿһ㡣
˵ĶԻԽԽľȻϵӴ󣬵ҪǶǣԼûʤ㣬ҡҡͷŬԼ򾲣Լ뿪˵
ԸΥȵʪҶֱˤӣһֱӾǱߵˡ
ﲻһͷоԼ඼Ҫ˳ԼһѣԼ侲ܿװõûϸôԶֲ͵㣬㣬˾ˡ
Ϊɽϵ·ڲֻһ˺Լ·߲һ
⻰ɶһۣȻĬشǱ뿪ǱΪ˸Ǯ˵ĵһӦȻܡ
ԽԽԶĽŲŷԼһ亹ҪԼѾһ̯࣬ҪȴôҲ
óֻҪȣֻһźҲûУ˷ӦȥǿԼϽɽ
Ȼ˾ǣ·ˣת˼Ȧ·ԣʹѾ磬úܡ
￴źźŵֻҪ˳Ψһܼеľ½ԼϢܹɽԼ
ŶԣɽźţϢûȥҿ϶
ʵûҰдľ飬ǰȥĺӱ߻ɽдߵ˵Ҳȫ⣬ûбľ飬ֻҧؼѰɽ·
֪˶ãõԼ˵Ҫʱڽ֡
ȷԼûûóȻӦֱкüͬԼ֣֪϶½յԼϢˡ
æӦ
Һˡ˵ͣҪø
Ǳ߻ڼӦøǱߣǱߡ
½ȫһˣӯΪĻţһ·Լǲˤ˶ٴΣһֱţῴܹ
½ȫţǼλɽΧûʲô˿ҲܸǵĿġ
ԭľȫ˶ûֻܿɽ
ţظ˵ĶԻԱߵһߵǿ϶͵ģһһء
Щ湻ҪģȻ͵ǴˡԱߵļλӶһߡ
ԭ͵İٴ˿˵ģģģ˺˼롣
ʱ½ұ˿ʱǰһˣڿȥҽԺ
Щ˼ؿʱûˣֻŵá
϶Ҳˣиģȥմ½Щۡ
ҾԵȺģСԲԡЩ˼ؿ½
Ǿ;СԲԵģȥϴ裬ʱʱոպá
ʱлӣȻȥ¥ԼҪҵİæ𣿡
ҡҡͷãԼԵġ
Ѿָòֻ࣬ɾú²ѣԼ仰ǣǱѡܡ
ﲻ֪һˣһʲôõ˼
ˮ͸ϣƤʼΪˮ£ҲƽԼѾûˣҪȥЩûз¡
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ʱ֮ǰҲΪһֱֱƽһ
˾͵ģѾ˲٣Ҫ﷢֣ǹһֱ͵ɣ͵˲˵ˡ½ȫߣǸúõ˸͵ˡ
ʱЩ⣬ǮҲ
мһ֣ͣרеطչġ½͵
ô죿ɽϲûмأѹͲ鲻Ҳû˵ĳࡣ
ȱһ˳ҵء½ȫ˾
ҲãҲǸˣ´ȥѾܰһӡʱ޳ɱľġ
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ԺοͲɽ½ȫЩбҪԼ¡
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ţ֪ˣϵǱߣʾƷǱߡ½ͷӦ
ҲһѣҾǿҪ¹滮ƶȡʱ
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ҲǸһѣȻ½ߴȫҵصģôһҪиƵƶȲǡ
ʱһֱע״̬ȷû⣬ʱŻ˷䡣
ʱһעûʱ俴ֻҲŷͷ˾еϼ
ʱƯǱ߻ϰ
죺ãʳõķ˿ζЩԲߡ
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ʱҪôϰ跹ġ
죺ҹªˣֶ
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ھеĹǿȺܴ󣬸ǿȵĹʳɺ仯ԭȻˡ
Ҳʲôëͨĸðֳ彡˵ζܡ
˷ȣð֢״УͷЩγģ״̬϶ʺϼѧϰġ
ȥٵ·ϾȻ˽Ľܣɫ죬ƺڷգĽͬͣܺãҲˡ
ǱԼܶ࣬ĽЩ롣
ͳʱĽһҽˮأ
ҽǹܺԼɡʵڲ׽ĽܵԻ·Լˣǵô̹ô
ҽԺͲ̧ͷգߵջɵģԶûеտɫеĵ죬ЩеһУԼڽʱ
ȥʱ·꣬ķɫõ壬Ͳפ㣬óֻҪʱŷֽ岢ͷΧڣֻĬĬֻ򻨵ꡣ
ʱ͵ͻɿЦá
ʱеطǣ
죺ţֱҪ˻ƿڻƿ
죺ûϴβĺÿ
ʱ˻ͦᰡϴǻȫһͨҲ壬ʱֻҪѻƿͺãǻģ£úÿĻô˵ڵġ
ʱԭҽҲ˵ѡ
죺ʲô˼
ʱЦһҲü˵Լϴεξ׷ԼҪµ׶԰Сѡ
죺Ϊʲôʦ㲻Ҳ׶԰С
ʱΪʲôעô棿
˾ĵĵʱʼʱ˸ǷһСʱҪϰˣٲ˯ˡ
Ҳˮҩ˸ðҩͿʼͺϵԣҲ˯
ŸʱȼٴĿǱߵĸ˿ʼʹ϶Խ⳥¡
ҲζĿ鿪ӲԶˡ
һΪֵ⳥ˣһΪҪ¸ˡ
һǱ߾ͻҪ֣ҲȥǱС׬Ǯ
½ȫȰ˵·˴С뷨ĿǱߴתɹĿʳŵĹ󷹣һҲǧء
ĽǱȽģΧͬƴǿ˵ھҲ½ȫİ£֮ȥСÿҲܱ֤롣
ȼٴĶǾõǲˡ
Ⱥв񹤵ˣڴ費ҪˣҪĻǾͲñˡ
ȼٴ弴Ϣٴýȶȣʱ½ȫݹֻҳ棬ЦŵչǵһӦˡ
԰Լ֣罻ʾͶƱǵƱңңȵڶĿ׷֡
⻰Ҿͷˡ½ȫʵҲôãܹòģʱ
½壬ģʾ϶׵ġʱʾõġ
ˣͿɽǱûлᡣ½ȫЩû뵽һҲж˫һĻᡣ
ӦҲеġʱʵҲ̫ȷĽͬʱãῴ½ȫһĸˣǲɨ˵ġ
Ŀǰ׼òˣ˵ʽ֣ܺܶ˵½ȫЩ
ܹõôƱ԰ڸǶ֣ͶʵĶȼٴ壬˽ľãᣬ˳Է
ȻˣʲôûԹԷҪľǳ⡣
챿ʱͻͷһ˵˵½ȫʱĿġ
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ʱӦ½ȫһЦ뿪
ʱ룬֮Ե֮ǰΪͨ绰֣޺øУܳƵ
û뵽ȻôཻΪǸΪ˻еɰ

ܳ÷ĳ˳غԴù˾ЩĻ̡̻
ȻƹӰҵ֣ȻƵػغݣ˿ʼ˺ܳ÷һ˼
֣֪¼ֱͷҪըˣȻؼ޸УӰҵʵͶ˲Ѫ
غԴţ͵ֱߣûҪΪЩ׸Ƶ
һº͵غԴ֣ͷϣԴҺһֱƽ
Ǻģ¾ûҪᣬԺδشڣοӰҵأԲҪΪȺʧҵ˶غԴ룬֣ϲӰһ飬ʱӰҵչһҲǲС
⻰ǱȽϽ˵Ǳ׼ôˣ֣գ۾޲ʧ
Ŀǰڵ׼ٺü£ô죿غԴʧЦĿʧܣҲֻش
ϺռҺϲԺ󣬻˶ʮ꣬ҪٵһһϦܽġ
֣Ҳĵ̲סڴܹһ㡣
ҲǣǾɣҲҪ̫֣ۡһ۵ؿغԴ
ţˣǱʽӶҪҺһȥ𣿡ǱУ߹˾ܿճʱȥһ˽Ǳߡ
ʱ䣿֣ԲЩȡ
ţʱ仹ܿճġ
ǡغԴԼȥ֣Ǹˣöʱһصشսһ¡
һأغԴЦҲѧѹʵʲô£
֮ǰҩ²ǺݺŰһЩ˿ȥȣֱýҵʦȥǣͷܶ˿Ϊż򵥣¸մȥõӰ죬غֱȥҽȣȳҪغͽ˵֣Ц⡣
ļͥ˵࣬ڵغ˵ȴǺϾĿͷӻء
غԴԲüλСҲ氮ˣ¶Ҫȥ
Ѿ͸¶ˣϧǾҪȥǱߣͲǸӵսˡ֣һź
ǻźغԴҲҡͷһЦ
ڶȼٴĿ֣һأǰغԴȥľڶŻʽ׼ڶһٹȥ塣
½ȫ׼panpan֣ԷصȻ½ǵũǱߡ
ʱ½ȫͷһͿʼЩγԷǱĻҪӡ
½ҲæѾ˳ڣϵĶʼӣ֮ǰڲǡ
ԴСӵȻڳºӢͷϡ
֣ºӢӤǱߣɴԺ̸ϲҲ˵ᣬֻҪ뵽غԴĺӣͱúڴ
غԴںӵһֱֵú䵭֮ǰһΣغԴڻʺϾܾˣ뵽֣
ʽʵҪʲô֣غԴԵزˡ
½ȫûоܾϾԺ򽻵ʱ仹ء
½ȫѾŸǱߴкʱȫ㣬żϼ䡣
³극ȥ԰Ǳ߿ɡ֣۵ʱһժӣȥĻҲʵˡ
ȥһ˸԰£غԴȻܾ
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ʱԵûȤҡҡͷҾͲȥˣҵ»Ҫȥһ
ʱż½һ
۵ģ֣Щ棬ֻۣûء
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ǵҲȥǱ߿ɣ˼ӡ֣غԴ
ʱɷðɣԼĹλڸҵ԰йˡ
֣ڽķչǺܹעģϾ﷢չ˶ԶȼٴҲкô
ʱ룬֣Ľ/ְ֣Ӧúܶ˶ϲǮ಻˵Լָָ㡣
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ȼٴʽζĿʽʼˣ½ȫϲôҲڲס
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ΪƣĺӲòȥǳΪˣǵĺӳΪضͯ
ǱѾʼĹأﲻ˶ʼĬĬĨᣬԺĽȫµĽ塣
ʱҲЩжԴȥ˾У˵ƵԽԽߣҲϰʲô¶
ʱֻʱ̲ס룬ԼֻǱ˰ɣ
Ϊÿ춼죬ʱȥе²û̫ʵУ绰ͷʵɴС
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ʱֵ֧ͦģ̣ĸûпֱ
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ֱʱͷ˳ȥ֮ǰв˴ߴ£浽һ죬ȴûˣ½ʧ
Ա߻֮ǰժĽӣѾǰһѣ׼ӣӣøǸλչʾ£ڿ׼ˡ
ֱһֱûʲôˣʮһʱŸʱһֱЧϾ԰Ǵϵġ
㣬ɹôʱ½Ǳ߳ԽӣΪֱѾˡ
ˣһֱûˣζô½˵ŵݸһӡ
½ǵһֱһֱΪԼѾ˳ȴֱ֪ɻڼ
Ҫ㣿ʱԥ
ЩҶǰ˵ģǴֱչʾģһ˶ûУٲԣˮҲ͸ˡ½˵кŸҲԡ
͸ĲֶõĽӰ꣬ҲõпĽ۰꣬ʱûмƴǣȻͺá
һ߳ŰõĽӣһʰ½Ķ׼ȥо±˵ֱֱӷڸ԰ԱߵСݣٽ
뿪ȻûֱĸֵĻ
˯ףʱþûˡ
Լۣӿˮֺö࣬ӡ
ݳƷͺܺóԵӡ
ǶǺúӣʱԵĺܰҲԡ
Ҫ֣ʱһꡣ
ǸӣЦǲǶΪֱˣ
ľǴóԣģյ˵ǵһֱƸˡ
찮ƣȱ߰ȰѽӹСƳۣ


49 
ȥ·, ½ڻǲԼû㶮ֱľϣȻôûء
ԱߵʱҲһü, Ͼȥ귴ܺõ, ͻȻʶһ⣬Ǿֱʱ䡣
ǹգϰ, ѧģûʱֱ, û˵ƺҲܹ˵ͨ
ǵҳ극ȥ½˵ͷʱúܶԡ
Уˣ֣Ǳ߼Ʒȥ𣿡ʱĵʵ, ӵĿڸвȥ֣꣬ǱӦֻһ󵥡
֮ǰ֣罻ϵķ, Ҷ֪Ͷ˶ȼٴ, رķ˿, ڴ
Ȼ, ֣۵費˵˵, ôڴŻȼٴʽӪҵ󣬻ȡ˿ȼٴķ, ػƱҲһͬˡ
֣ĹֱͺȦ˲ٷ, һҲ˽ߵĶȼٴ壬ò˵, ֣ȷʵܻӪ
û, ȥ԰ֳժɡ½ҡҡͷ, æֱ£¡
ˣҪݣȻַ㡣ʱ½ĵһ˿͡
ãȻѵַңպϵ˿С
˸ջȥʱ½ͽӵ˿ͷĵ绰Ϊܶ࣬ѿͷҵȥˣۺĿͷһֱԼ
ͷ绰ǸöѯʣֱΪʲôûСƳǶµ
½ֱ䶼Ҳѧʾֱ乺࣬ԸղֱĹڼʹĳĵ̣Ϊֱĸûѡֱµѯʿͷ
½˵绰ԭأʱЩ⣺㣬ôˣǲʲô£
ʱղǵֱˡ½ղſͷĻǸղųԶı̫ʵһĺóԣͦµġ
˵û𣿡ʱɻ
ҸղźûйرֱһԽӵʱȫֱȥ½˵һǸؿʱ治ǹġ
ʱ룬Ÿڸ԰ȥ뿪ʮӣȫֱȥҲʮӣ½ǸĿ⣬ҡҡͷû£Ҳĵġ
ȻȥһˣҵøϽȥǱߣҾȻ˹СƳˡ½˵Լӣ֮ǰһֱһɵ꣬ڿǲòš
ϾҲǸǿȹϢãû֮ǰôˡ
ʱ½뿪ʱ򻹲߶Ҿ˵̨ôһ綼ûжԭ
ʱһʱҲЩЦãôҲû뵽Ȼԭ
ʱȥʱͿ½ȫſԱӤСӻں˯Ϊ½ӾͿʼСӲȡĻι
ϵСӳ̵ʱ䣬½ȫڵ½أ˺ӳ̵⣬Ҳǹ˵ֱҲ֪˶١
壬ڵ𣿡ʱʵ
ţˣӦҪˡǸ԰ĳڣ˪ˣҲܵӰġ
һʱˣֱﲻءʱ͵
ģҹȥ½ȫ˵ŰӤǰӷСӹȥ
½壬㲻Է𣿡ʱЩȡ
ҹȥ費Ҫæֱвˣ½ȫβסĸˡ
ȥʲôȥ˶ˡմӳĳºӢ⻰æֹ
ⲻû𣿡½ȫ͵
͹ȥүһǱ߳ԡ˵ͶºӢܿת˳ȥʰд¡
½˸԰ߵС䣬µ㿪ֱȻ֮ǰҳֻˣѹûء
淢ľøϽСƳ
ǸǸһֱû飬ͿʼŪȻֱĸ׵ԪԳԿ½ƷҺСƳ󣬿ֱﻹʱʱ˽æʾԼֳȥժӹϸƷʡ
ǵãղʱϴıѾζˡ
ɫЦ˵ʱôûʱأ
ҪٺȣʱӦ°˰ɣղǹԼ֪Լ뾳ˡ
ʮָͷ뿴ʱ
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С㣺ǿʱһֱֱҲܴһ㡣
ٳʱǲֱ
СѼɰֱɣҪĻҲũֱɣ
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ҵעȻʱϣ½Ǳŷй½ȫɴֱӵСƳѾˣҪĿµĵǰµĵ춼ܷߣľҪˣģժַҪȥԸ緹ˡ
½ӹ½ȫݹķУֱĹرˣ½ȫһĹģô˶ˣʱ˵ֱ˲ء
֣Ÿտʼأô죬ղֱ˶࣬ΪǻʱС뾵ˣǳȥġ½ʱ֪֮ǰǻᣬתʱϣĺˣһξϰʱһֱȶȡ
ԭǿСʱģ½ȫЩʧ䣬һľϲǴҼȻôϲСʱСʱæֱ£
½ü֣˼ʱûֱ
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ҵȻȥʡ½ȫҲԼҪЩͻ뵽ܾѽӱ֣½ȫּᶨ˼
ȸŮ극½ȥۺ̨Ȼһٵˡ
ʱûаѸղŲСֱ뾵·ϣֱҪ˯ŵʱֻϴϢʾ
ȸϢ棬ԭղ½ֱȴ˹СƳ£ͶһVЦºܿ
һһЦǲǲֱ֪
ʱɷȻǳ˴ˣ̷ԭ˳㶩ӡ
ʱɴȦʹ԰ĳĵԼԽӻɵıʱԶԡ
̶һСʱԽӵĶͼȻ˱ıɷ
ԹСֶҲʺ˳ĸĩпգǴ棬˳ժӡ
ʱظǵϢƳһöҳ棬Ӧæ֪ҲϾһ㲻עЩ
ҲʱʱԼ˸½ַԭһݣǱһݣͣƫɣԵӲάCʱֶҪһݡ

ʱµòȷʵעЩܲס˹ע¡
д棬üģ׼ԱߵĿټ
ֻͿ־Ϣɱ˵ǲ˼
죺
־ȫΪ˰׷ˣǿɶµˡ
죺˵ʲô
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죺Ҹ֪ʲô
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־ֱƬΣͶĻˣüﶼ̺Ц⡣
죺ǵȥ칫ҵĽ˵Ǹġ
־ܿץص㣺ǴʱͿʼͷˣ
죺ǵûС
־аɣúѧϰģҸҶš
죺ǵء
ʱ䣬ʱѾûˣͷֻϵʮµһ죬֪뵽ʲô

һֱ½ûժԹ󿴵̨Ķʶժӷˡ
Ÿ߸԰Ҳܹע߾ʹŴ½æµҲʱǼһæ
Ϊû粢ûժӣټϳŵ˴ĵ֮ǰĶᷢԽҪһʮݶȥ
һݵĻ߰ʮٶȣӦúܿȥɡŸһľ̾û뵽һֱ߰ٶȥ
ЩСʱ㣬˵ö˶ǳġ½ȫһֺǡ
Сʱһ⣬ңŸһĲ⡣
½ֻ˹ȥһͼʱԽӵĻ棬滹֡
һ鶯ͼǲʶˣ̽ŷһӵᵽŤ
ĶͼŸʶʿˮ·ܵζ
ʱʱΪֱˣûضԣǻ֮ԽӵĻ涼ֱȥҶ˵ӵǵķӦƭ˵ģԴҾͺԥµˡ½ȥ
¡ŸϵЦⲻɼ
ԽĶʱĸ½˵ŲͶȥмĿ⡣
԰նٽ٣ŸͻȻʵ
ס⻹½ıعơ
⼸Сʱ߰һֱЩ
ѾʮѮˣµ׹ƾҪܽᣬⲻֶܽһ
ߵĸı嶼ϲϵģ뵽ŸϵЦּ֡
ŸĻ½ȫÿʱڣ߿϶ܿա
½ԲɿŸ磺ʱһֱûйϵ𣿡
û£ʲôũǺܻ𣬶ǲӪʣũأû£ҿǵλڸڴ嶼Լˣ߿СʱƵġŸ˵һֺǡ
ʱ룬ǸƽԶǱ߱£Ͼλеƶ֪õǱ߿϶Ĵ𸴺ֿʼˡ
ֱĻֻҪԣҪֱҸܲƷ͸ôӵ޽ӿʼ˽⣿
Ҫ鷳ʱ½Ϊ˼
㣬ֱ𣿡ʱʵ
ţղֱö˶ء뵽½ֱøʱ룬ٶһúܿ졣
ֱ𣬻вƷĽй̶ģͻ𣿡ʱȻôֱҲע⵽Щֱ˵ĻѺϡ
ƷܵУҵ·㣬ڻûܽҪֱӸֱֳԷ½ֱҲ֣ܶණҲĽ׶Ρ
ôһô൥϶ܸࡣŸʾǲż
½ԼֱԭԼѵĿڱΪȥķȫЧӦȶһܼסҵ˲࣬Ͼǳõ⣬ԺûǰתҪ
½ȥԼֱź罻˵ֱʱ䣬ʾʱһŶ
·ôﶼʱ
Ҫʵģۣʱһ
ۺСӣֱһҪһʱͬ
ɫҲũֱʱʲô֣Ҽǵȥء
Щָۣʱƽˣʲôϲܻ̳Թעô಻ǸԼ¡
οֱ½һæġ
ʱݳȥ˼ĸϵĿ浥˹ȥ˳㸽ԣԽӣһ𲹳άC
Ϣʱֱֻµʱ䣬Ҳ˲Ĭ֪æµأûеظıҪ
˲ûоϢһҪزǱӣϾÿҶԼҪæµ
ʱյ͵ĻظѾԹ¥䡣
ʱ°ࣿ
죺ţմҽԺ
ʱȥԷ
죺á
ʱ˻ҳ棬ٴδ½ԼĲƷܣҪȽܲƷǡ
ʱ־ϢˣϢʱһֱµ
죺ãʱѾһݡ
־ԶеҶ㻰ĵˣǣµ֧ʱ
죺/ͼƬ/ͼƬ/д֣ʱǵÿݡ
ѾµˣջַǿңҳԵġ
־ӴҽϵһԴҵĸмתÿһλʦģҶڴ극ܴŶ
ÿ֮ǰһһ극һмĶ
ͣ׼
־ټ
ôʱֻʼԼ˼Լļƻ

ڶ죬ֱʱ䣬ֱһкüʮˣϾϰʱ䣬мʮ½ͺˡ
ʱǰѾ˽ӣʱȻ徵ͷֱӻǵһΣɤӣȻʼܽӡ
׳ֻһ˷ʱĽܴʾĳƷ
߲ӣʱһޱıУ
ȵƷܱϣʱʼӣǾ˵˵ӵļֳԷ
һ֣ͣƤֱӳԡʱ˵ֱһ굽ȻԱߵһ꣬ؿĹ֭ˮ
ڶ֣ͣǾİ˿øɸɾ
ʱ˵ſʼʾ۰İ˿һİֱһҲʣȻŽ
֣ʺСֱӰѽ۰ƤֻĹ⡣ʱ˵żչʾ
ҷźãһֳԷʺ300´ı
ϰࣺЦ˵ˣҾǵһֳԷþǵڶ֣ÿҳˣǸ˿
ʮ䣺ԣСֶӳԽľͻȫøɸɾ
տģʱʾֻǸĳԽӻѡ
գգۣĻˡ
ӣʱҪǱȵģգգۣԡ
ʱʵϾûⷽľ飬żȻǳԵģǿ϶ҪȫչʾʳĳԷ
ע⵽ֱĵĻַ˿ͬʱҲɻشҵˡ
ҲǱȵģҺܡ˵ʱֳһꡣ
ĺ𣬲ǼٸµĴ󱦱ʺϡ
۰İɫ磬ʵ˺ܺõŶһζҩʵһȥ
һʱ䲢ûʱΪôʱһۺ̨Ȼһǧˡ
½Ǿϲٶȣƻ½вٶ
ֿܿʼǽ϶꣬ҵȥ˵һ
ţ粻ֱҹӡ浥ɡʱŽҪһǧݳȥǱȽϴġ
ţҰŴҼժӣ֣Ǳ߲֪յƷûȻٶȣǹƾòࡣ½Ϊʲôϰֱˡ
㻹ûյҲˡʱ²⣬֣յƷ󣬹ƺܿͻ¶ʱߵĹܽ

Դعׯѩ֣߱¸˼װ꣬ȻϵķӣȴعһڵϢ֣֪غԴذԾֱ졣
ӽǱ߻ͺæµΪعտ쵽ˣԭ죬Ϊ֮ǰغݺֳ£һ˽ˡ
֣֪磬ҲûΪ֮ǰ²ңƵʱҪغݺͽ
Ȼ֣ϲعеӹǵеģĳϣ͵϶յעᱻغݱȽϣúú׼ǡ
ֶ֣ԱغԴֹѡĶѡһˣǾ׼
ǿɲСɲ˱غԴ
ǾԱǸڼɡغԴ˵겻ɳһЦԹһ㶼˽⣬ȴʼӹţ鷿Ĺȫϵļױ
У֣ԭò⣬غԴĻѡԱߵİڼ
ع磬ܽô붼ñϯһغһȻ￹ܣ뵽Լļƻֻ͡
ܿ͵ع죬غݵĸ첲Ȼ˶òܣϵ鶼ڸߴңǲò롣
ȻҼʱ򣬴ںؽҵĹϵ˵Ĺϵ
Ⱥܿɿغݵĸ첲ԼȥǱȡһģĳһ򶼲ϲȴòԼ̣ܿˡ
֣վغԴߣԱ˵ĴЩ˿Уӹƨ¡
Ӿ̤вؼ˾ָֻš
غԴע⵽֣ĸı䣬ģҪ˵ҪҽС𣿡
֣һغԴº͵ɵ˵ͷá
ߵߣ֣˿ԱһĽȣ֣㳯˹ȥ
ȶ΢΢˵ͷּ˻ԼģֱſǱһ䶯
ȲҲſ˹ȥֱˣıЩڵϣ߬ıӣôҲû뵽
ԴƼҵڵĺҶ֪ңȻᵡ
С㻹𣿡֣Щǵؿһ۽ȣһ֪ɫ԰׵ÿ¡
ǿһЦ֣ҡҡͷû¡
ܶǼĳΨû뵽ٴμعϣ뵽Į񣬽ȾԼһҲȥ
֣֪ԴƼǸʱ֪ղŽȵʧ̬Ӻζˣ뵽ղŽȲҰ׵ɫ֣ҡҡͷֻϣܹ뿪ɡ
֪Ҫˣ֣Աߵˡ
غԴҡҡͷҲǸ֪
֣ղŽȵɫ̾˿ȦôأȽ˵ĴžϲȦİɡ

ڶʱûмֱΪڳټ֣ǱҲϢҪһǧݣַʱᷢ
һݶһʱ䣬԰Ĺӻͱۿգ½˵ǸϢ
ȻҲΪʱֱŲӵĵղأ½Ǿοѡ
ʱҲܸˣ˵ĵ½ȫͬ˵ϾµˣԪڼ
ԹСֶѾ̳ҹôųƣΪҪؼҡ
꣺ųܰȻ͹װҿɲ뵱ݡ
Խ壺ͬ⣬ҪҴϷ@
꣺///@ʱҽ
ʱŮʿעĴǣԼһ///
꣺ⲻҽԶھвܻһɡ
ܰȻԼɣȻɻ
Խ壺@ܰȻأɻҹǲԹ˺˺
ʱԽĻЦʡʱ䣬͵ѧϰڴǰŻ
һջǾһԷףȻٷֿж
ϴγٻǹˣȻԪֻС٣Ҳһ㡣
ߣҶһֺǣǮֵ˴⳥ҲյˣڴﲻڹСҶιĵ
ʾͶƱҲڽʵõ˵һȻɽѡʧۣ֮½ȫһֺǡ
֮ǰҲҪõöãȻֻһҲӰˣϾǰ붼¡
ʱߣȻÿ˵춼ڼûʹԪ᲻ҽԺļںǲһˣѹȻҲĬûʱġ
ôҲû뵽Ԫǰһ࣬Լ°ص½Ժ׼ȥľʱ򣬾ͿԺˡ
ʱһΪԼˣֱߵԼǰڣ°𣿡
ʱ˵ͷҲһԼôˣ
ˣǰľϲȷʵ˾øˡ
㡣ľûзɻֱ˸Ʊġ
ûлؼңֱʱ֪ΪʲôЩ顣
ֻļڣٻȥĻеϡͽ͵
ȥģʱЩò׼ǲѾ˰š
ȥԷɡľѾ˲
áʱ˵ŷԺﻹһͲûлУ⳵ǣ
ɻͽ͵ģЩ
ʱʱ䣬¥ʰԼ»һ·õߵ·࣬ƺ̫ʺԼᣬϴεȹӱߣϴĴ¡
·ʱԼպԵɫ̫ãѸٸԼ»ױȵһʱ¥
ʻţʱãŷͻһǷõ壬õĻֽһɾ¡
ʱŻͣлл
ͲûлӦллʵʱǵϴθµһ𣿡


50 
͵Ļʱ˼һ, Լһȥ԰ڱءöʱ, һֱ֪öУն塣
˵öӼᶨѧҽľġʱ˵ԼҲ˻, ׼лᵹǿԸ
һҪ塣֪ǲʱĴ, ܾ˵仰ʱἫˡ
֪пڸԼڿӣ̲סʵʲô
־Ը, ɾûҪĶţԺϲŮһö͸Ͳ˵ⷬһֱڿǰ·, ʱɾԼ̡
ԼĻܾԼʲô, ֱֻʾ, ʱԼʲô
ЩĴֻ, ȻϢȫǳԹСֶӷġ
꣺ʱ, 
ܰȻҪǰ˵һ
꣺ȥʲô, Ȼȥ㳡
ʱٵطģȫİš
ʱˣǸ
꣺Ϊʲô
ԼˬԼ, ʱҲû, ֱӸǣ͹ˡ
Խ壺ҽӾлꣿ
꣺ʲô, ҪȳԹ
ʱ˵Լ, ĬĬ˻ȥ, Ϊȷġ
ʱֻ߬ģ̲סƲԱߵˡ
Ŀռ䲢󣬲֪˶ãʱܵ⣬Ľ˳˵Ŵ򿪵Ĵ촵˽ʱӡ
ܵ洵ĺ磬Ͳתͷôˣ
û£Ǿеơʱ˵תͷҧҧأ䣬ǹصɡ
ʱȻû˵նһ˿
ʱװˢֻʱ䣬ʵȴ̲סղ͵Ļԭ¶˵壬Ǳ
Ӻܿʻľߣʱŷ֣һûֵԵ·涼˵йᣬж͸¶ϲĸо
ǰλã֮ʱ֪Ǵˡ
ĲҲʱԵģһʱ̲סﴽǣ˷ϵĸо˭᲻ϲء
ԪӰЭǱҲлҪȥ𣿡Ϳʱ£æѧϰѾܾûнҵˡ
֮ǰѾܾˣΪȷԼʱ䡣ʱҡҡͷûԼʱܾĵһӦȻΪڣҲȥ
ҲʱһʶԼȻͲ
´лһȥ
ӷеϣʱƫͷͣȥ
ĽֵƯ˳ȥٽڼյԭ򣬽ֵϲֹ·Ϲ˵Ե֦Ҳ˸ɫʵơ
ʱָԱϵĲʵƣҼǵϴǸƤʵơ
ţСʱ̼УҾúƯ㻨ǮһȴôҲ򲻿Сʱ£Ц⣬ڱˣСʱԸἰʱȴ̲סҪ
ҹʹľسǣҲǳˮһƬֵľ
˾еĿĵǰߣżͳ˲
ʱʱֻˣܰȻҪҪҽȥһꡣ
ʱЩԥֻ߬ͷͣ׼ûǱܹĺӣСںͺС׷ҸϵϷֻܣȫûעǰʱ
̫ܵ죬ôֱֱس嵽ʱϣּۿסʱʱƻᱻײڵء
СԼǴˣһʱվԭؿʱ
Сײ˵ʱԼΪ˾Ⱥᴩ·Сײ
뵽üͷࣺСѣΪܲȫ·ϣôײϵľǳˡ
˵ʲô˵ʲôء˵ǸϹĺ̡
ֻ̣Ầ·ȫһҪע⡣ʱЩãΪЩҳĺӣÿŻôñ緢
ޣģٸ˵Щ̵һʱȻź뿪ȴסȥ·
ǹòҰɣ̫̫һõĿ͡
ײˣѵ˵Ǹ𣿡ͻǵһôȡֵˡ
ǾûΣǾͱ̰ɣҪȥҽԺ顣һǿӲĿӵ̡
̣̫̫ЦЩڣñأСǸ
˵껹ݺļ򣬴ߴϽǸ
Բ𡣡óӦụ́˵ʱ򶼴ſǻ
ʱˣÿܺӵıһܼҳ˳͵䣬ʾǸϽ뿪ҪΪ˶Ӱǵ顣
ֱʱԶˣλֵʲôأǡ
ʱ룬ڱϻһС£Ϊľž
治ȥҽԺͻЩģ߰кСοô죬йԡ
û£Ǳײ£Ѿˡʱʾġ
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ͶǰǣֵˣٿһԼԱߵˣԼ֣ԥְס֣ɻĿ⣬Ľ͵Ͳˤˡ
ȵİסԼ֣ʱȴܵ˼ȣûѳôǣԼ
ûоܾԼЦⲻһŴ󣬶ɿԱ߬ȭͷ֣ӵʱ䣬澹Ȼ˺ˮ֤ڸչȥжš
˸ǰȺĳǰȥ֪ܿǵĿĵԭʱ㳡
뵹ʱСʱ˲࣬㳡˵ĴĻĳˮ̨Ŀᡣ
õֱʽפͣۿ˲٣ʱЩȤͣܰȻȥʹҹꡣ
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Ծܾ𣬽Ҳһ𡣡Ϊļڣ֮ǰһûæµѵ죬ֻʱһ
ʱտʼ£Ŭ㲻Ȼ󿪿ڵȻԾܾ
ʱ㳡ϵĴ˶ڶĻʱֵɼֱ֣ʱ̧ͷãʱϴҪڿԸһ𣿡
ʱش𣬾ʶ£ҽͣʮְ꣬ҵҽף޲Ⱥá
ʱСԸһĻ𣿡ǵģˣȲҪǣ֣ĳǰ
ʱΪ͵ĻЦⲻ˳ҲŤֱӵ˵ͷԣôӦһ
͵ĶѾԶ˺Ǿ仰Ǿϲƺû뵽еô˳
ʱͷ˵ԼʱҪ˫֪𣿡
ʱΨһϣ˵ķչӰ쵽֮塣
ͺܿ侲ʱܺ룬޷Ǿ֮ĹϵûģǻߵԲΪǵ¶Ӱ쵽˵Ľ顣
뷨ЩɬǵͷӦʱ֤һС
Ժָ̣ŮѡͿֵĶ
ʱգգ۾õģѡ
ĵĻȴЦɵһ
䲻䣿ʱŷֹ㳡ķܴʱˡ
ʱҡͷֹ׵ĶҲ䣬ǽȥȱȵİɡ
ʱתʱƳ㳡ĻֱĿᣬֵճ
ʱѾǲԼϴμʲôʱˣڵԱ֮ǰǳ粨ǰ˲٣°ͱԽԽ⣬Ȼֿ̱ĸо
ϴҩ¼òֻŮ⻷ǿ󣬲ķ粨Ȼܹڿϡ
ϲ͸ʱĿĻϵա
Ųǣֻ˵ǰľͶȥˡʱ⳶˸ڡ
𣿡ͺܿߴĻ˻ǣʱһ̳ȥ

ҹԭһ죬֣غԴȴô죬Ϊؼҡ
غݣͽҵĿչò˳ټնԼĿܣغñ
Ŀûɣʲô飿عһؿغݡ
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˷ĵ˻µĿ˵ɡعɡ
ݣֵģ˻ҲһʱҪͽСദǣ㿴ɩڲͦõ𣿡ׯѩͼغĺô
˵غԴҪû֣ҵİæڵӣ
ͻȻcuȩ֣ͷ˵öԣǵŵԲǡ
ׯѩغ˵̣ͻȻӦ֣Ѿͷ˭ء
̧ͷ֣ͼһ޹ؿԼ
ׯѩȴ޿κΡ
غݵ˼һֱֻϣȿܳ÷Ϣ͵վ
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Լҳȥһˣҵ¾ͻغֻ֪ĽǲŲԼ
ףȲǷȦȥѩôͻˣ֣һľȡ
֣˵꣬غݾ뿪ˣغԴŻῪڣҲȻȥˡ
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뿪ؼҺغԴյĵ绰ͷĸЩĨ˲סԼܣھͰϢųȥ𣿡
ؽҺĿоϵͳſƼķչܶģʽʼתΪܣҶҵҲǵһνгεĿؽҪ
ΪεĽֱζҹ˾ķչ͹滮
غݸĿڽӴһңǵרһ޶ܺǺôܴﵽ°빦Ч
ֱӱ̸˹ȻԴƼҲζǰʱؽԼغݵŬȫΪС
ڣʱųȥôҸ˸˰ɡǲˣҲ͸ˡ
Ȼ˾ٲܴݻٻشϣʧȷʵ޷㡣
ֻҪǼŬʣĺôεĿؽصʱ»ɶغݵĽͰɡ
Ҷϵ绰󣬶˹ǰĿһڣӵŬˡ
һΣѡվҵĶ棬һԼİɡ
뵽첻ɿ⣬ǰһ˵ĳܾʲôҪģֱһΣǺݺݵظԼһΣȨҪԡ

ʮһ㿪ʼо½̻ʱǣ͵ִ̳̻𣬿з·̻ȼζ
㳡ϵԽԽ࣬ҿ̻ͬʱڵʮĵ
ܰȻһͷǱǣֵˣĬûȥǡ
㳡Ĵʱӵδδط죬ܿ͵˴ڴĵʱ̣һ̣Ҷú˷ܣɤӿʼŵʱ
ʱǵȾҲһߺʮ֣ǴһֱһԼĶͷ
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ϲĻԼ仰ѹ
õͦڻȥ𣿡󣬹㳡ϵ˶ɢòˡ
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㶩ľƵꣿʱʵ
ǱߵľƵ꣬ʲôʱأ
켸ĸƱ
˼ͬ˵仰˵˶Ц
˸ٻȥʱѾ˴㡣
ǰǱߣͲЩġ
ܲŮѵĵһ죬ҪԼڰɣʱε
ЦⶼҪ˳ǾͳŮѹˡ

˳ʱλϵõ壬Աߵʵ´λõ𣿡
ҪҾϲɫʱҡͷܾ
ʱôҲû뵽ڽһ쾹Ȼջһѡ
Ȼڿһ̣Ͳµпܷ£ĵһ̣ʱлֲʵĸо
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ֻžʾʱԭΪͣû뵽ȻǳԹСֶӡ
ܰȻʱรѵˣлһԼᡣ
꣺@ʱ˵õһأ㱳ңء
Խ壺ԺˣؼңҲҪʼײǡ
ܰȻҽʲôʱȥУǲǸúȺһԸ/͵Ц/͵Ц/
ʱǵ͵ĸƱ㣬ֱӰٷ硣
ڶ죬ǸеļڣȴΪôæڳԹϡ
һձڷϮһݣĿǰҽԺ
ڶԴƼ͹רǩ˺
ԭѺɣֱָԴƼǽؽҵĺרؽҺĿҪ
˵ܿõҵʿϿɣһʱ䣬ҹƱĹ׷غݣΪʲôԴƼĹ˾
֪˭ϣҽԺغݵӰȻƬЩģȷ٣ŭĹѾ϶ʵ
һʱ䣬ҹٲȫǷغݵģȻҪĻǹ˾ɼɻڵ
˭û뵽Ԫĵһ죬ҪأʹߺܿƬغݣŭĹѹͲ͡
ڱԴƼغ£ʵ˵ԴƼԼ͸¶ǻ֪¡
Ǳ߶ÿҪ̸£һٶĲ־غһֱΪû꣬Ҳγŵָ⣬ǱһֱûȷĴ𸴡
ԴƼϢų֪ԭԼˡ
ԭˮѾۣۿҪƽϢʱͻȻĸ罻ƽ̨˷Ϣ
壺˵ԴƼǲ֪С
ͼƬİ칫ңԴƼlogo
ȫ˾֪ϾϵķչؽҲ
ԴƼġعغٶܵȺ֮ûõĺͬȻƱԴƼõˡ
ΪСԴƼɼ۲ǣؽҶԱͱȽϲˣһеȻغݡ
֣֪ϸ߲ͻȻƵ飬ؾϲغҪ𣿡
ҪǱߵ̬ȣĿǰյϢǽ˳Ĵ㡣غԴĿǰȷϢ١
ʱҪ˳֣ɾȡ
ţΪѧ׳֦غԴŵЦ⡣
ҪǺǸǱߣ뵽֣ü˲ǰװ׷ֿ
ȻǣǽͷݲǺõĺѧô˵Ϊ渶ڶɡһţȷʵ¡
Ҿ͸úúʰһ٣ʱͷֲ˺á֣ϣϢġ

ʱǱ͵ĵ绰ѵģһۻ˵㣬ЩԺι
͹º͵͸ֻʱֻøˡ
ô磬ô˯һᡣʱ˵ʱɴ˸Ƿżٵʱ䵱ȻҪ˯ǡ
ʱƺӵ绰һЦȻһ㡣
ϾҪ뿪ʱܶһ㡣
ʱ˯ǳѣϾڵˣ
¥µȵݡͿԶ򿪵ĵݲûнȥ
ãѾˡʱ˵ȥԱ·
ĵһ죬Ȼǵþµسǰǡ
ʮ¥ͣˣƻҪһ͵Զ죬ž;ðġ
ʱʱѾʰò࣬ҲֻǴ˸۵ףĨ˴ۣɫ
ſڴнʱЬȥţͺ߽
ͰڲϣһνΪѣһν˳ѣԲͬĸо
Թ𣿡ʱһߴӴóͣһ
ûУһԣȥУڼͻϴûɵǶٷ
ܲУҴӦǳԷʱ¡
֮ǰԼѵҪҳԷʱ͵ҲǰѵݽܸԼߵˣ˼ˡ
ãšԭΪżˣôͬҲһû뵽ôҪԼʶ
㿩ѡֳɵͶʱȻҪúá
Ͳò࣬úܿġ
͹ɳϣʱԹϣԱߵһѡԷĵط
ʱʧЦһҾͺˣҶûô޵ġ
û£ʱ仹磬
ʱˢͷ΢ͼ̶̵̻ļܸܵãʱ˸ޣûĻҹǵա
˾Ƶ꣬ʱѵַͰŷ˳ԹСֶӵȺ
ܰȻ@ƣʲô
꣺õģǵ¾ʱѾ
ʱûأ϶λãʮһȥͲˡ
ʱϢʶһ⣬˽쾹Ȼû˯
ڲ׷ʱҪǵ³Է⡣
ʱʰֻղԼκĻ£˻¹Ǹԭˡ
ԭĹϲŮҲһΪԼͲȥ£û뵽ô졣
ʱûоܾѻװκ̧Ҳ͸㡣
ҲЩȡ
ʱҳ֮ǰĻ£¡
֡ʱ˵ųŬŬ°͡
֣ܿͷʱԼ˻£ԼСǴθýģҽ
ʱеһ·ŵϣǴξܴ壬Ļ£ҽ
ͶԼö£ΪҽЩ꣬ܶлĻҲܶáĻֱ׵ؿ佱ǵһ
ǲǺܸˣʱԴ˹ȥ
ԣܸˡ͵ͷԼĸˡ
ǾҽŬﻹһӵĻµȡŶʱ룬ʱȻǶԵġ
ٽʮһ㣬һţ˶õİᣬ˻δ
ȵʮһ㣬׼͵һʱע⵽ܰȻ͹װװ˵·ͣһСᣬܿƿߡ
ǶʱĻǻкܶ٩ĻʱԱߵͣ٩Ļ֪Ϊʲô˵ڡ
ٷԵòãΪĸ
ľĸվʱ˵еİԱߵƺܸˣ̫ɻϵЦǵǵһμ𣿡
Ȼ˳һ̣͹ĽǱ߽컹ú÷Լķء
ǹ־⣬˵ϾǲͽĻʲġҲû뵽ʱ͵Ǹ˲ô
֪˻нķչһһ㡣
վﵽܿĳʱһθоᣬֱ͵ıӰһʧԼҰת뿪
ӸվʱҲؼȥԼҲؼһˣͽӵĵ绰˷ܣʱܳ÷ץˣ


51 
ŵ绰ﶼβס˷, ͬܳ÷ʱȻᣬЩ, ܳ÷յ, ôᱻץ
ǻغ
绰ͷѹ͵»ûĿǰֻӰҵ֪
ʲô£ʱԭļ֪ܳ÷ǸӲ, ׸ƵСˡ
вˣرû, űȥƾַӦ꣬ԭرǿӲķԣܳ÷ֻܴ˵⡣
ʱԭΪܳ÷ץΪ£ԭȴ
Ӱҵߣǹ˾߲㻹, ΪغػϵԭǶԺƹϵĻغݡ
غݶյں, ҶĿ, ܳ÷һ, Щ˻ȡӰҵ˾ڲϢ, һֱӽ˾ԭǢõĿֱй¶ȥ, ʹߵǰͶȫˮƯ
֣㿪ʼֵ£ŷܳ÷Ȼ뿪˹˾ȴ֮ǰӰҵ˽Ϥ, ѹ˾Ϣ֡
Ȧ˶֪, ӰҵĶ־ǻ֡
ΪǮʲôɵóʱˣܳ÷, ֱӶְҵġ
, Ժļҹ˾ˣ
ǰ, ⶼԼģ֣ܿʼǰˣҲɾΪܳ÷ˣȻϣù
˵ϲûܳ÷¼ųʱЩ棬ܳ÷յʱ´˳ܹƲϵ
ֻ˵ܳ÷Ϊһ֪
ʱ룬Щ⣬ǻӺ棬ʱڴԹϺˡ
ûľʱѡؼҡ
ôͬ»һ棿
ĻʱЩ飬ΪõȻǺͬһꡣ
ǣҪԷͣҳ鲻һҪء
һʱˣǾڼ׷׷磬¡ʱǲԭ
ȵ˿ʱŷֻּйһڼңʵֺ͸أ
Լ̸£ƵȻͻˡ˵ŰѸºõţ̵ݸʱ
Ȼǹ񣬷żٶСʱࡣ
ȵʱҸӻʱֱӽʱȥ鷿
˵ҲˣԴƼպԶΣܳ÷£֣ûѡϷߡ
Ȼ漰͵˵£ʱȻ˵нֻòѯܳ÷ǰûбԸ¡
ǶܱԸ£οأʱԭǱһܳ÷˼ɡ
Ǿͺãʱ˵ļʾԳȥˡ
Ҳǻʱ֪ڣΪԴƼϵĺ飬ϸУҲʱǵĹ
һСûһúóԷˣѾԪۿҲԽԽ
ʱľҲһˣ֮ǰȦﵹû⣬ڣʱÿпʼرˣǹ̽ʵ̫ۣû
ʱЩ㶵
ţҽһҲ㲻𣿡˵ԵĲˡ
һûءʱûûǹߵĸλȻ̫ˣܱ֤һγɹѡ׵ľǱߡ
ȥǡ
ʵ˵ϰ࣬ʱöԣڿ˼ƺϣ
ʱԼҪú룬ΪԼδƺûйĹ滮մʱ򣬻һǾϰȦ
ĿʵˣǲǸüƶһĿꣿ
һʱ䣬ʱЩҺģֱʹ绰ȻѾŮѣҹ绰ƺǵһΡ
绰ͷƺŷʱüڲŻȥ𣿡
ţմҽԺأ˷ϲ¾ˬʹ쿪ʼһֱܺá
ҿأջŷֿƺ˵ĻֱҶϵ绰ʱ̲סԼգѵǴĸо
͵͸绰Ʊƽʱ࣬ʱ֪ͻȻһֲʵĸо
ڵһ죬ʱڼ緹ſʼľ˼ŷֻƿĻЩˣʱ»ˮŵԼڻҲήˣɻ
˵ͶʼѸɻ̣Ҫﱣ

ͻ˾кֿʼͶ뷱æѧϰУ뵽Լ½ݣһЦ⡣
ѧϰڴǰļڣͿʼڴ
һ·ݣѩ뵽ǱߺѼѩ¼˴ѩ׷ɵƵʱ˹ȥ
ʱھôѩ
ʱЩ۲ؿƵëĴѩϷӹﶼϲĴѩɡ
죺ţͿʼˣ·涼ѻѩˡ
ʱߵѩӶû
Ϸߵѩһ㶼СҵƮϣѩҲֱӻѩ
죺ϲĻ´δ±Ķ졣
ʱͷƵˣ˳㷢ȦĵȦǿĵһѩ
ܿСž˺ۣܶҶѯʱظھĵġ
ҶΪʱǰھϷƵΨԹСֶӼ֪ˣ۵·Цı顣
ʱԶСǵֻۣ׼˯ʱǹգҪ
ߵĹϣûΪԪڶͣճ
½ʱ֪˲٣ôʧǸ԰ĹӶˣû鵽ԲժȤ
רŻһСοժҪݷѣҲԼժȤ
ʱ½Ĺ滮ŪݮԼƷֵˮ
ʱ룬δĽһԽԽõġ
ܽᣬܵ˲ٱŸ˶ԵʮָˣǸʱ˺Ϣ
ڹԸͻϰ࣬ʱҲܻط־Ǳߣʱ˵ȷʵһϢ
ʱĸ˲ѣȴԣֻʵŸ磬ԪȥԸˣ
ŸЦŰ֣ǣɩӹܵϣԸԼҳԷȾƣҿɲȣڲһ硣
ŸԸЦΪҽϢʳرǲܺȾƣƫԸΨһİþϲСһôòܺȾƣɱˡ
ԭԼһȸСƣû뵽ûȳɡ
Ը壬ȷʵٺȡʱҲЦ⡣
ɲǣɩӰľȫˣҿɲȣȻɩӿɲŵ׷ɱң
Ÿ˵Լ̲סЦ
Ը紺ںܻ£֮ǰŽҲʱ͸¶һֱûȷŸ綼ô˵ˣӦǰ϶ˡ
磬ʱ̲סϢСǡ
ʱϢϢߵһ˵ԸϰˣʱҾܻط־ˡ
꣺ŶҪˣס
ܰȻͺá
ƣͺá
ʱǽЩԣ
ܰȻϲ㣬ˡ
ʱǷʲô
ƣΪҪ/΢Ц/΢Ц/
ʱʲôʱ
꣺£ÿȥҪƵѧϰˡ
Խ壺Ϊ˾ͲῼˣϴҾ⣬ڿˡ
ʱǺú׼úÿǳԷ
ʱҲкôرڣٿԲõĿԵ¡
ʱ˯ܳ÷»Ǳ˳һεǰǳģԱġ
ʱ²մΪǿñ˰ǳ۵Լ淢Ϣ֤ʵ뷨
һһۿܳ÷¾Ҫǳˣû뵽һҲҵ·ߡ
ʱˣ۵ɣϾʱ򱻰ǳ˵֪϶û˵
һһƳøɾǾ²ؼ߸߹ѣҾͲһ㶼֪
ղǴװͿأϴΣܳ÷˺ĴԣͲջ᲻֪ôģղ
ʱˣ֣ߴôѡƽ
һһӦòᣬܳ÷̫ģȥ֣ܹԼñء
ʱˣҲǣӰҵʧء
һһ֮ǰؽҸߵ飬Ҷüָ̳غݣԹ˾ʵ˶˶ġ
ʱˣǰ췢£ؽҹƱµغݵٴɼŻôҽܡ
һһ˭֪أǺܳ÷ˣһͣԭϷҲˡ
ʱߺ۵ûȣͷ֣ŭѾ
˵ʱķŭڵ龰֣ʱ䣬һܳ÷͸ṩϢ˽ȥѷ
ǱĻˣ뿪Ϊʸ֦ѡģԼȷ뿪û뵽ڱԼ
Щ˿϶ץ²Űɣ»᲻Ӱ쵽㣿֣ЩǵؿغԴ
Ϊغݴʧͬ£ڶ»ǱкܴһȺ˶غݲ˾߲֧غݵģûӰҵߵתƻ⡣
ᣬ㲻õġغԴҡҡͷ϶ںˣںЩ
ѵôˣغηôĴѵôˣ
ڲȡعغԴͲںˣΪεԵʣҴ˳ԳԲĿΪң㡣
ͬˣ֣üΪܷŽء
ţϾ㣬Ҳף˳Ҳʧ٣ȨǾΪغԴһֱŵЦ⣬룬Ժ󽭼뵽ʱľֻڡ
ǻǱغݡ֣һķ߷߲ƽô£غݾȻһӰҲûС
ҲΪڻָȣ»ǰ϶óľˡ
ؼҶ»Ⱥ˵ռҵİףغԴǵĸйһ򲻺á
ҲغݵĴϾһ㹻ˡ
뵽غԴЦһҲ֪غ滹ɵȻŰ顣
֣绰ŵ֪հܳ÷Ϸ˳һǾ֪䱻˱ԱŰһۣЩ·ʵǱˡ
֣յĵطܷʲô£ǵһʱԼժøɸɾ֮ǰźʱôܾ
Ϊֵã½Ǳ߾ͺãע򣬻߻ֱӰӰҵӸغݣ㵽ԴƼغԴ
ȥǱʲô˰ɡ֣ҡҡͷ
г߹Ǳ߶ԣú룬ǱڻкܶȱȱӦòȱܾãǰ£ڹ˾յܶ
ã롣֣ǰڴľܺغԴһ°࣬Ҳ֪صԴƼߣȴ̲סԥˣʺȥԴƼԴϺȡ
غԴӺԴƼغΪҵʧԽæµ
֮ܳ÷ڽܵ飬Ѿܾûϵˡ
ߣԱܳ÷£ʵܲͬԵϢٷģôƲϵҶɵӣ𲻺õĲ²⡣
ȻԼĽǲȡģԴԼﲻԼԸЩվҲûȫԼ⡣
뵽ܲҡҡͷһѺƴϡãһʼͰԼĹ滮˵ӰĽڴӫĻ¶ϧе·ˡ
һֱ֪ܳ÷Ǻˣû뵽ϾȻǣôΪ˱ȫԼֻǰԼժɾ
Ѿȷ˲Լʱƹ˾ľ뵽ղüġ
ĵⲿϷӦþܲϣʱܹЩǡ

ܳ÷ʱҲģһֱרעȻӰҵҵܣ֮ǰ˽¸˽ͨ档
ε飬֮ǰȫ˳ܳ÷³ʱ룬Ҳܰɡ
ʼ£һѮʱ򣬽ҲʼѩˣʱƵͷߵĵһѩ
ǱǴѩ죬ѩ͸ӻеСѩ㿪ƵʱƵﲻȾЦ⡣
дߵѧϰܽȥ͵˴ڼڣʱӦʱɣ
˼ŹʲôĽȥأȻ߸ĸȻҪľǡ
ǡʱϢӰЭ׼ȥѩɽǱߣҪȥ𣿴߻ҹ
ѩɽвԶÿ궬춼ܻѩȥ˲٣ЩĶ
죺ٸ㡣
ãȥ˲֮࣬ǰҴ𸴾ͺá
죺á
ͻ꿴Լҳ棬ȷʱǱǷҲյ롣
룬ǸʱϢ
죺ӰЭǱ׼ȥѩɽҹг̣Ȥ
ʱϢʱںˮ㱻ǺԼԼȥУ
л˵
һ첹ɣֲסˣѾβˣ縱ؼҵ½ԼİһͽˣȻĿǰдǸϷһ㣬غ֣ǻ뿴רԤղ
ƼѵģС޸зϽID2795279
޽Сvsƫִٽ
ྩ׮£ܳ谮飬鶯ĽŵྩŵСҪ¼޸һȳӣǸսܱʥʧ˾λŤĹԨ
ֻΪһͷԼ
˶һϧˣԨǷˣ׮עλ򸮽Ů
ԨԼҲΪ
»鵱ҹź½ŮΣĶˣͬ
ԨתĮȻִҪޣҹ˼Ҳֻܽ㵱һ
-
ԨҲ緢ྩ꽫
ֱһıУһҹ֮ƶ˵䡢˶֮
ʱһ׮Լ
Ϊ˳ƻڻ飬ԭҲֻһ׮ͷԼ
ȴ֪ΪΣλݸ߹ҴС㻹Ǽ˹
ǳˣǣ޹֮һͬ
ҹĮĻͼλ¶ĺС
䣬ȴ֣߬ЦԨҲˣӡ
ྩ˶ڵҴСڵһգֿԣһ˴ĥ㲲
ֻǵŵţûȵһ죬ԨԷ֮ؾλӵ»λԴ֮λ˳
»ʵǻգ˼ż̤ƣҪλġˡȳӡϹϵ
ŹףвľǵһŮҲǲý֦ԨȢֻ󵱸ƽ
Ԩлͣ˿ᣬ˵;
мʱ»֮µһ˵Ĺ׸³ûüۣƿһСӰ
ӣλྩſЦС
Цռ䣬㱱ȳǰҪ鶯Ů
һǱò֪նģ
-
Ԩ׹ԨΪԼԶƬȴһգһִֹСĻ
˺ٻֻӵסһ


52 
, ʱʵĶѩɽǱ߿ԿѩȪ, Ҫ˿һ졣
ڸص˵, ʱǺϣʱһ𣬱ϾҲһ
˽Ҳһˣһദʱ伸, ʱ룬Գ, ¶Ա˴˵˽⡣
ʹžƺҲЩͻϾսûãȷʵᡣ
죺Ǳǰ𸴾ͺã롣
ʱã롣
ڷչԼȤ, ˺֧֣Եǲõһ㡣
, , һȥҲ֣ʱȻûлظ, Ѿ˾
Ϊõ⳥, ҽ׼رʢ, ɹ⣬֮ġ
½׼ҲܷḻʱѾǰɹõ, ζȷʵ, ŴںܻľˣҲԽ
־ǱҲڽȷĻظ, ڹ߼Ը縺
Ž㻹˵, ʱСҹľ־ֵһԷ, ʱԸҲڣպÿԳԸһ򵥵ĽӣߵĹ־ǵպá
Ϊٽʱ䣬ĩߵ˺ܶࡣ
½̬Ҳܺã޵Ͳòûл̫࣬οֻʱġ
ʱڽߴ£̲סпʱţµʱ䣬ѾȻһ¡
ԽٽڣʱԽǷţȺѾڻ׼ˣСֽ̽괺ڻؼҵ¡
ܰȻ͹װ˼ҳĴ㣬ٶʱȡ
̲ס˽ܰȻһǲǾ͸ðѽճˣ
ܰȻǵô죬ֻǷֱĸ
ʱڼҳ᲻е磿
뵽ڶû߸ĸԼ£ʱͻȻЩ飬ԸܰȻ뷨
ܰȻҲҾһӶԷı֣ϾǱŽ뷨ʼġ
ʱ֪ܰȻĻһй滮ôҲû뵽ٶȻô졣
ܰȻôҽ»û߼ˣ
ʱţĿǰûС
ܰȻ˼ҽ˼
ʱ˼ôû⣬͵˼ôˣûܰȻô˫ꡣ
ʱңҸĸϾǾʶǸսϵȶ
ʱͣܿͿܰȻһѪָڡ
ܰȻǴû£ߴûǽ°ɣ
ʱΪϢԭֵĶͣ˵һֱһңԶĻ⣬δǹ
ڲ߸ĸ£Ϊƶ߲
ܰȻҲϾȫ£ԲҪô࣬Ⱦɡ
ܰȻʱ߸ĸҲǶԵģȻʱ˵ͻζ
ʱá
ͷӰЭȺҲʼʼͳƳȥѩɽ
ȺǻԾеıʾҪһеʾг̣ʱЦ⣬ظ˿϶Ĵ𰸡
Ⱥﲢûп͵Ļظ²ӦϢţ룬Ϣȥ
ʱȺͳȥѩɽѾˡ
͹˺һſϢԭΪ仰
죺ãʱѩɽ
ȻҪȥѩɽʱſеʱ俪ʼԣȺѴҴ
ԭΪͲȥʱûãͿ˽Ϣ̲סüͷˣ
֮ǰ˵ȥ⿴˼СȥҪȥˣ
֮ͣǰûȷʱ䡣
һ˽㣬ϴҲ˼СԸİɡ
ҲٽͣôҲ
Ȼǣ㵱ȻⲻǺѩɽϺ䣬ʱֵʱˡ
ͲȷʱԸԸǵĹϵȺˣԲûкʱ¡
˽͵ӣ٩û˵ʲôֻ׼

Ҷڻ׼֣꣬ҲһǲؼǱ߹꣬ʮȥԶٷͺá
ȥʱ˸ջعܣ֣δڡ
غԴæ깤Ҳ֣һãԴƼεĿ߻ͬϴε£Ҳҵ翴ԴƼʵԴƼ䡰˺ܶϵĶæµ
ǱߣǲȥĿ𣿡֣Щǣǵʱִ
û£ͷһ̨ˣϻûлٰᶼǸδ֪غԴ˵ζĺơ
ǰϾʧܵĿźԴƼڶ»Ѿ鿳֮ǰһЩʵҵҲǰϺϲģغԴչ
ǵУغݾæýŲմأΪ֮ǰʧ󣬲ң̸ͬǸֲ˳
ټǱߵ£ֲ˳ѻһغݱԽʮ¥ܲð綨ʱը/ÿҶһĵսľغ̫ϲŭ޳ҷ׷׿ʼغԴܲðӡ
ܿ죬ӭһ죬ÿĳ齱ǴڴĻڣΪÿĽƷֱܴʣֱʵÿ궼ѵ֡
ȻĿеò˳Щɲοı׼ؽҵĻԼûнغݵŮȻǽȡ
ϴعˣȲȥϵᣬȴûܹȸԼҪͣٹһ£뿪ˡ
ǰʱ䲻õ̫࣬ϹǱǰ˻⡣
ݾǲ²ĽƷʲôǰ꣬齱Ʒ󣬼һضѣҲĲͻأ
ɹס˴˵Դ۵úңҲǱʾĽԱ
вõҲܿ챻ˮһҲ֮ǰۡ
غݶزǱʱעϵ۵һطΡ
˭Ҳû뵽ȷʵٴѣȴǴغԴйأ
᲻ؼҴӰֵȨĻʽ
ıһԭڹעƷסˣǿʼڴԺֵܵĹϡ
ʱҲеĳԹ֮һ͹ϢЩ棬غԴȱϯԭѵȨѾ˰Ȼĵز
һ϶վغԴǣʱغԴȨŮڲһ𣬼ûʲôɱˣʱĪһĵ
һ࣬վһθڣҪˣһ죬ʱϰ쳣棬ǳݵʱ䣬˺öƬ
ڵĽ巢չٶȾˣ´ٹӦþͲˡ
˷Ѿǰ½˵ˣ֪Ͳˣ½һĲᣬʱЦŵֻǲϰˣĩǿԺǹģһжȼٴ塣
ʱĿԱߵĹϣȶȼٴʽӪҵʱһġ
ãʱһҺúд㡣½Ĳᡣ
ʱӵ͵ĵ绰¥ʰԼĶͨϣʵ㵽𣿡
ҲǽӾл绰ͷܿ촫͵ˣģ
ʰأ¾׼ȥˡλȥͲˣԵϸ㡣
ͶԺʱĳЦã¥µ㡣
ʱʰ͵ضס˺һһԼ¥£
˵겻ȵ绰ͷ˻شֱ¥³壬ʱѾǲԼϴôʲôʱˣʱֻһͷǾٿһ㣬ٿһ㡣
վԺˣʱֱӳ˹ȥһ˵Ǽ䶼ϵϢʱĪİ
ôͻȻˣʱͻȻ
ؼҡͷ
᲻̫鷳ˣʱ̲סüȥͻҪٻС
鷳һҲ鷳ԲҪܾͲദκʱ䡣
ʱ˵Աߴƺʲô
л˵
٣βˣ´٣Ͳˣ£ôô
ƼѵĹԣȤıȥ
̫ү׷޻᳡ߣ콪һֱ֪Լܼ޸ֲֻ֮޿κεѡΪϵһֱǾλԵү뾩Ϊ̫ӵʱѡ񾲾뿪ȫǡԭҪž޸磬ĶȹԼСPS:ĹѪܣŰ


53 
ʱ֮ǰԼںͻľϰϢ߹, û뵽ʱȻ
ķԴʱЩڵԼüͷ, ôˣ
ʱʵҲͱôһ, ֮ǰվԺͣȻ˻ɣһֱ, ֱʱ嵽ͻ, ҪԼٲ֪Ҫʲôʱء
ͳʱͷҲһ硣
ʹϵҿɲ硣ʱһ֪СӲģȻ
һԱߵʱʰ, ʰ˾͸ûؼҡ
ʱ˵ͷȻ˳͵, Ҹ, Ȼȥɡ
ҺһȥȻʱ, ôȻҲøһ, ʱһ˳е
, һҸұܵġʱȻСԱߵʱˡ
οɱšʱɻǵԼϴΰŵĺһĻɲԸڶΡ
ʱʱһ, һԼ߰ġ
һȥɼ֡
ǵȥ̫ˡʮ, ʱЩ¿ҹ
̫ģ߰ɡķ, Цһᡣ
ʱһ۵, üһ, վⴭأ͵濪ʼֶŵˣǰɡ
⳵ģԭʱȥʱˣҲ֪ôš
Լ㿪ԼĳͼҪԼȥʱȻҪһ
ʱ˵ʲôʱѾ˳ţһС˵ųԺӻصԼĳϡ
ڸʻʱʹǲһ
ֱӸҸ߾ͺˡʱ淽ŬŬ죬ʾⲻõˣֱӸʱ߾ͺá
һߵελãһӦá
ʱǰʱĳüģ͵ĵʱĵû뵽ģҪ˵˻ײһˣ룬;ͷ۲ѡ
尢֪𣿡ͿʱһĿգҲ̲סü
ұٹһӸǵġʱҲûѣܰȻĹ֮ٹ£͸¶ԼϢȻ͸¶˾͡
û뵽ƻϲϱ仯ʱֱӸġ
õģʲôҶڡȻ˵еĽֻԼ֪
ϴμͿʱҸӶԼķȻҽ϶Ҳ˽ߵæµǻᷴԣҲ֮С
ʵղŻû˵仰ͱʱϣʱܿЩ˵ԺתھеǱߵѧϰ׽𣿡
ţ׽ȴڹٻȥϰͺá˵;ԼøлѧϰǣԼѧϰ⣬ƴڼҲֵ࣬Ͳܺʱһȥѩɽ
뵽ѩɽ֮УͲššüͷԭõг̲֪᲻Ϊ¶ܵӰ졣
ȥǱߣʱЦݲɷŴеĻôһܾܼһˡ
Ƶʸոպã̫
أôȥ˻᲻᲻ãȻֻǸͬ´࣬Խĺ͸ȫġ
ôһɣʵĻǸˣϾľ߷ܶ࣬ҾҲǱߡʱ룬ʱͻỳһУǸˡ
ԺʱҿһͶԽӡҲܺãʱһȹ֮ǰĵ͹ڡ
ȵȼٴɣǿһҿǵĹ滮һ飬ʱһ㡣뵽Ļ棬ʱڴ
ʱͷò죬һϳ͸˵绰ͷܿ챻ͨӵ𣿡
ӵˡӵˣһӾء
ŶŶǾͺãھͿʼ׼˵žҪȥ׼
׼һ˵ġôˬͣеĴ֮Ҫеġ
ѻһʡ
ţǴ˾ϲǾ֪ˡʱ˵ֱӹҶϵ绰ܲһˡϲɡ
ۿҵķԽԽʱͻȻյ͸ǰʵҽ𣿡
ʵͷţȵһ̨š
ʱݼĳǣŸȥʱҰݷãæ
ҲʱԼʲôһʱ䣬ţȥ̳ȫüߣ죬ټԼڿֻʱԼõ
ȥ̳ֱӻȥɡʱ²ӦûǳԷء
һţܲܿȥеڲ١Ͳϣʱ²õӡ˵ؿʱʾѡʲôͰˡ
͵ĻʱܰȻ͹װ깤ᷢ˹￨ǾһֱŸ£⣬ʱûֹ͡
ǰʱĳƺûзֺĳѾȥ˳Уŵ¸ĸȵ飬ʱƽ˲٣ŵ뿪ٺúʰʰʱ
⵨ԽԽˣ¶ż
̳Ҳŵ͸йᣬϲ죬ʱͷƳһǣһ֣ӳ˾һֱǣԼţȻʱĴôҲڲס
һǣʱһһεŮѼҸ׼ʲô
µĻش廨ţҲʱͲ֪ԭôིҪ̾ƣҶ֮Ķ
ʱЩҲ˽⣬ԭΪˮ֮ľˣƣüһҪ̳ǲɣ
ͣˣôࡣʱæֹ
Уǵҿ˵Ҫ˫˵ֿʼĴ۲ʵƷ
һһ壬ʱȷĽˣüͷҪ˫⻹򵥣ȥһͳˡ
ãϾѡˡ˵źַܿһжƳ
ʱֱƳȥֹ̨ѡȥȥˡ
ʱǵ˼ŷûϵģĹѾˣʱһվԺﲻüأ
Һ棬һ͵˰ɡʱ˵࿴һ۹Ůʿ룬Ȼľϲɱǲźá
ﲻһһĲ
֪ԭˡʱ˵ųȥܲµʧȥʲô
ජʱıӰҡҡͷһĶʡģɶʱܶһˣˣѻðȥʰͷˡ
ԽӽʱңԽǽţԵ˶ܽ
ҽôţһ㡣ʱļʾһ㡣
ɲˡʵ
ȥݷѾУȥҼʱ˵Żģȥı飬ţһ䵭
ЦһȻ֪н죬һúñ֡
ûϵɿԱԼʱգգ۾
һԼ˳Ȼ̫ӲȻ򿪳׼ȥö
֪ʱѻˣæöû뵽һ۾Ϳ͡
ϵЦݲɽϣתͷԼʱ˵ľϲ
ǵģңҲͱ֪Сʱһ㣬Ȱ֪ӡʱ˵̯֣ʾԼҲǸոյ֪Ϣġ
һʱЩӣ֮ǰɣʱѣˣҲôþ
ŶһתͿվǱߵĹʱǰк̡
Ͱϴλ˵ھѧϰأʲôʱġк˽ţʲôǿ͡
ǵģ̣ҽմӾлһߣͱøӾнˡ
ʱϹĸ첲裬ȿɣҶˡ
ܵøһʱǣһ˾˼ҵĵ
úúãȳԷʱȥ鷿ֳԷˡ˵ʱֱûʲôأͻˣ
ʱƺ˼̧ͷЦЦ
ͻҪ˵ʲôʱ˳ӣȳԷɡ
ʱԶ鷿һʱԱߵͣٿһ۹飬ʲô׵ġ
Ȼɫʢﶼ£ԷҲһûһڵģٷԵΨһ˵Ĵžʱɡ
뷨һܼ򵥣ȻѾˣôôӦԾͺá
ȵ극һתսǹ࿴ʱ˵ɣҪǽײˣ㻹ʲôʱ򣿡
̣ҿǵòܣҡ
ҪйԼϣʱһѰסĸ첲ĸ͵裬磬ҲԣҲûһֱǣϾǸսŵȶһٸǡ
ʲôȶһУһľȶ𣿡ʱԶһ
ⲻΪԭԲû𡣡ʱһ޹ؿĸ
룬ȡߣºʲôʱʼأֲϴȥҶ㲻Ըȥ
ʱô̽ЦŵҲԸȥɸûϵҲһǰȷĹϵ
һ£ʱȷʵãǻ˵ʲôʱֱӵѽʲôԺʣͻҪϻؼȥء
ʱǳϦˣ˻ͻȥء
ûϵҲġæԼ̬ȣ֪һӡǺҪġ
뵽ǳϦҲ˵ʲôͷ˵öԣͻؼҵʱ䡣
˵ˣ˵ѣԣǸӼᶨ»˳Ȼɡ
ȻҪʱĸܣϲѵİԧ첻ɣ
ҳŹǡѾ˴㣬׼ٹݷá
㿪ҵĳȥȥʱ˵һߡ
ȵԶʱһҾ˵Сûİɡ
ʵ⺢ûʲôõģ̫ԶˣҲ̫æˡ಻̾˿
ʱ͵棬Сĵ㣬˸ҵ绰
ţ䣬ȥɡʹߴȥȥԼߡ
ҳг̶˵⣬뵽͸ղŵı֣ʱͻȻڽĴǣãǵÿһ㡣
ʱһ̵ԶͲǣļƺͣŸղŵȣƺǧǳһþˣֱʱӰʧҰ˳
ȻʱײǸ⣬͸ĸ¶˵Ҳ֮ϲˡ
ͺĿС
ʱͻͿΣһӣʱӣСʵǴû󲻳ɣ
೯֡
ô裬ǲһֱҶҵôǲģʱװɵ
ûвģֻڵġ˵Ų̾˿
ʲôͶҲ𣿡ʱЦʵ
ҡʱԶһ
ǻʲôأ裬磬ǷģѾǸĴˣÿǰһ˼ǹģǲõңҲСˡʱһؿǡ
ϲǺӣĳﲻЩпǰʱͳˡ
ϲһҺܿġʱͷܻ˵Լϲ
ϲǾͺú̸ɣŮҪ̸֪Լѡʲôˡʱתһ룬ȻѾ̸ˣǾͺú̸ɣ˭˵̸һߵأǵǹˡ
⻰Ҳûھ˭ûͺáʱ˵겻һ
˵öԣȻϲǾͺú̸˵ֱȻߴٴϢ
ʱϴ裬ͶţţʱΪҪԼ˵ʲôû뵽ƺֻǵţ̹
̽񣬹಻ʧЦ˵ʲô
ʱ룬ʵ裬ǲǶϣҺͽ
ôһɣϾ̫Զˣ̫æˣЩҪҪϲ
裬áʱЩůůġ
ˣô˾ͱˣ̸ʱŮһҪñԼ˼𣿡֣˺ܶࡣ
ʱȻ֪ʲô˼ȻЩ˼ǵͷӦİɣҶ֪ġ
ڲŸտʼѣûǸزء
طʱʱԶһ濴ģЦһˣ鶼÷ˣװˡ
ʱԶʵǱô˵
ô˵ϲһ𣿡˵겻̾һϲ£ȷʵغ͸ı䣬ҲǴǻġ
Ǿ˳Ȼɣ˶ûһط˵ǲ߲ͣ󡣡ͣʱԶϣʱҸصģʮġ
ţ˳ȻɣԽԽ淴ġ࿴ʱĻϲѾԶ͵ŵˡ
飬϶õϱ⣬⺢Ҳ㣬Ͻôһ룬΢Զһ㣬ʵҲУ
಻°ͣѵ˼˵ĸ￴ŮԽԽϲ

ͻصҵʱѾ賿ºһľȣôҲǰ˵һ
ʱųȫǱġ
Ϊȷʱ䣬Ծûǰǡʵ͵ļƻǴʱϦٻģαʱ˼ƻ
ȥ档˵Ŵȥ
裬ʱҳԹˣæˡֹȥĲ
ĳԹˣȵȣʱҳԹˣһɣԱߵ࿴һ͡
ţѾԹˡͳʽݷʱңԥ費һȥ
ôܵȥˣи²⣬ûֱʳ
Աߵֱʵʱڽ
šͻشʱ򴽽ǲһĨЦ
СӣôĺϢ㾹Ȼңһ˷ܣ룬ĸӹȻϬͶ˼;ͺ˽ˡ
Ҳսȶٸǡʱ˵ǡ
ֱӸƣ͸Ųãô㻹б˼ɣȶٸǣ
ҿ˼ʱԸϸ߸ĸɡһĪؿ͡
⵹пܡ룬е
ҴȥʱҰݷãҪעЩʲôЩڣ룬ǿ϶ñԼࡣ
̸ˣҪλ̸̸£գ۾һڴ
Ͳɷ裬ŵˡ

ǳϦˣؼ߹òΪغԴȱϯᣬϳֵܲ͵Ĵţٴΰ֮ǰйϵӸ˳
һʱ䣬عٴ⵽áˤǰĲ豭ϴأǴ绰Ϲ
ҽ˵ٶΪİӣɲֵáׯѩһ߷ع£һԼЦ⡣
غѾ˿ǱߣغԴһҲûʲôװģغԴһĳֱ̬ȱϯᣬ̲סЩԾ
ҪҿǾǹģĿݣԹⲻᣬؼҰװ˳ЦׯѩͼӴ׵
عѾͨغԴĵ绰ǱߵǺܿͽͨ绰ﴫغԴĮ£
ǳӲˣҶˣعŭʵ
ǳϦǻԷ
֪ȱϯ˾ʲô𣿡عֱϵ¶˳
ֲǵһûμʲôֵģغԴ
ǰȻ˹Ϊʲôμӡ
μӸһڱݸТ޶𣿡
غԴǳ
غԴô˵ģСҺʱ㣿СԴסһǱͬ˺ãЩҸģ㻹ʲô
һ£ҵģҵġϣغԴ˲
ôҪҷˣغԴҪ֪ȥԼɵģͱ˶ûϵعǿ
ǣȥͱ޹أһƴϱֱϵϣûһ֮𣿡غԴףΪʲôеܹ֪ܵز
ˣǼǺҰϽǰɣͺ˵̫ºֻͣʺسɣݲһߵø߸ԶعһֱôԼģѡغݣΪغԴ̫ºͣʺߡ
绰ͷغԴЦǾһڴغݴߵø߸Զɡ
غԴ˵Ҳٺϻֱӹ˵绰ǵĳһ
Դ㿴Ҵòÿʱ֣·ӷ߳
غԴѾָ֮ǰ飬᣺ÿʹһɣǱߴ˵绰첻ùȥԷˣǻҳ緹
𣿡֣Щϲ
šغԴ˵ͷϳ©ʱ䣬ȻܷŹᡣ

ߣҪȳŽĸһȥؼҵ¡
֪ˣ㣬ǰңҪһȥճ˵겻߬Լָͷ֤Ѿȫ˻ĻƱѾˡ
һŲͬҵĻƱʵ˵ȥԼûãֻҪܹС
֪ǷԼ뿪󣬿϶һʱ䶳µĸ°˿֮ǰշ˿غת򣬻͵͵ǮЩӦõ´ࡣ
ԭʲôߣͨԼʱھΣôԼֺαߣЩΣΪܶඨƿױϳһߡ
ȥʲôճĸһĲá
û֮ǰ࿴Ժ˻͸ûˡһص
ϲȥȥ׼ʱһ
ţ֪ˣûʲôҾͻطˡ˵¥Լķ䡣
õ鱦ζĹԢһ磬ֱӹȥǱؽҵ󻮰ĸغԴҲе֪غԴȻԴƼйɷݣӦúҪǡ
غݽԼڳ׼ʱɲ뿪һֱغδ޵ͷΡ
ȸԼýĶѾˣԼ뿪ҲûʲôźģΪʲôǾѹأ

һǳϦذѸȥңܵôųȥ
˵ֿͣҲǣǣʲôû׼
ͲɿЦһȫ⡣
ƺҲøлʱ⣬ĴڲŻڵĽȡ
óֻһʱ䣬²ʱʱӦû˯簲Ͱֻ
һʰһͣ裬ʲôʱԼģ
Ȼôʱ׷ֵģϧͲᣬֻǸЩͲ֪ˡ
ȻŮģѷϣҾͲƽˡ˵ֿʼȥݷôĶ
ʱΥ˯ʱСʱǰ簲
ʱôˣ
죺ţ֪Ҫһ
ʱ߰ˣ
죺ԣǻһ
ʱﲻĻ棬£ʵͦϲģתݣҲ֪ǻô룿
ƺ֪ʱʲôǱߺܿͼϢ
죺֪Һ㽻󣬺ܸˣϲ㡣
ʱûƭң
죺Ȼԣƺ޲Ů
ʱû취˭˼˰
Ц⣬ܻæһ㣬ٸ绰
ʱ·ŷ˶ˣĸڳĥҹʱڿӡ
ĸ濴ȥʮܰ뵽˵ĳʱɱڴ
ں˻꣬в賿ȥͷ㣬ʱȻûá
ʱϲӵ͵ĵ绰յĺעѹǮ
ʱֲСˣﻹѹǮ
죺ԵһӵСѣ
ʱĺЦ⣬Խڴĵ
һڴĻһңܶһ죬Ǵ׼õг
Ҳľŵ㣬ȵʽ


54 
, ԭÿ׷ѵĿʼһ, Ҳƽ, Լõʱ䣬Ȳûг֡
һĲͣϽϵˣ
绰ͨ, λʾڼĸֻʶԡ
ֱȥ˽ȵñ䣬Ȼ, ǱߵİʧԱ߹ҲӰ
ĸǰ콭ȷȦ˶λžΪǣһͲ߻õġ
Ϊȵ뿪, ұһ㣬罭Ȳ², һʱͣĸָ, Լȥ١
߰, ˵첡, ҵ˵üͷԼˡ
ôҲû뵽ȾȻǵƤӵ͵, ƽ̫ݡ
ĸϵûɵȥԱɷɵذŸˣֻһ, ½һ߻˺ܾ, ҵ϶ס
һʰ׵׼ŵʱ, æ, ȷ
ݳȡԼ, ʾԼĿǰѾڹʱڲٻع
ɫ࣬˸ϽҥɫЩѿСѾڵۣӦûҥҲҪš
ѾԤƵǵһˣҶĵǣԼҵĺ
Ҳڵ۱ʾⲻǽݳһϷΪ״ԽֹۣҪȫֻİ취
һ˲ҵĹעͲҵĻԼϣǰѹעĿͶϣĲ
һʱ䣬ϸרңʼϵ״ҵרңǹȶȵĲ֮϶һõӡ
ұʾԴغطϣϱ㿪ʼ·ϸ濼ǣغǷʺλá
ۣغֱˤƽ壬ԭ֮ǰѾƽϢڽһֱؼٴξ֮С
غݵĿҲһ£ǽЭ̺ãһϾ֮ǰ˳˼
ǵͦǮһ׬зվ͵һеغݲЦһ
ˣ½˾ˣʱúô֡عҲЩͷۣԴغݺǸŮ˽һѾǵһˣعҲʼ濼ǣϽغȷѡ
غԴ߿ȵ󣬸ȷǰյļǽȼĹġ
һʼҲɹȣȷڽȵȷļļļԼʵԡ
ϾȺͽҵìǲɵ͵ģµĶ
ǽСĹģ֣ϵļҿj˭û뵽ȻֱһҲò¸ң˺ܶ˲¡
/ŲʮغԴͷ
Ҳ֪ᱻҵɣ֣Щǡ
ӦòᣬļӦͬǿݣôҲζǰѾ뿪нһͲ߻õģӦò߻˺ܾòǡغԴȻֻΣԿûӵˡ
Ҳԣ϶źһУǾϣԺܹԼҪӰɡ
֣ͻȻ뵽죬üȻѡ뿪Ϊʲô͸һ뿪أ
Ȳ˵Ըиļأܲܶܲ˰ɣغԴ
ǻǺÿϧ֣Ϊ˿ϧ
ûʲôÿϧģֿܷ֤ǲʡغԴҡҡͷʲôÿϧġ
֣һúתٴֻϹϵ¶̬
۹زҲҪһӰ࣬غݿ֣Ѿ뵽Щһ߼Ӱһ˵Ļˡ
ôӦأϲ⼸ѾģҪشҶϵģƯϵĿǺԴƼ
ԴƼרܰڵĿɣԺԴƼɺĿǰҪġ
ڻǼʱ䣬غôżû취ϵԴƼˡ
֣ϵļɿغԴ׼ʲôʱʼ
ؽҵĺĿܼͣʧ˿غǱôѡˡ
ȴҰĹ˵ɡغԴ˵ͬļһŵ鷿롣

ѵõļڣ˵Ϊʵһ꣬ӺغݵȫCPɱ֣ҵҲӸһС˻˶ߡ
һжغɵģʱҲ氮ںҲġ
ȻѲ˼ΪʲôҪأ
ܻؼҹ꣬Ҳϼңܳ÷ǽȥˣһʱȻûõֵˡ
ܵĺԼڣԼھҪɫµľˣüģɿЦһôԽԽȥˡ
ϰԵشƽ壬ѣȦ˵Ķ̬ȴйؽȵѣȻǸԼºԼ޹أԼҪȥע
Ѿһ㿪ѣ㿪ҳɾȣȻǽȵԼ
ɫɱԼȻǽ
ϵ£ӦöģϾغæµ֮ǰѾܳһʱûмˡ
뵽ղԼգԼҪٶ룬Ѿˡ

ʱҵ·ϣһڶ˷ܣر£Ժ͹Ϊ׼ңݵаˡ
ǰ濪Ͳü裬̫Զˡ
ǲŸսѣҲŻˡ
֪һڶͷĹҲûţǸʲôû׼롣
裬ǵݣڳŮĸ̬𣿡ʱһѵ
Դң̹˻һ
ʱԲһװɣ浱
һϣ͵̬ȾͣھͲ˫޳ĸдϡ
ʱһԿĸģȥ͵͵ЦһǽϵĹӣӦÿ쵽˲ǡ
뵽ʱЩţȻ͵ĸĸǵһμת̲סЩš
֪˶ã洫Ϩʱ֪ˣһȻתȥ
ҲѾʱһԺȥʱҸӶһۣһظĸŮԺȥ
ǵʱڴӺѾ͹༰ʱϵЦ㹻֤ʱá
ƳҸӱĴСɵһۣ˵ǣôණʲô
Цһοɲͨİ꣬ΪзĵһΰݷãҪСǰŸǣ׼ôæ
ܶණЩεؿʱ
ʱЩش˵»ǹŶԣӦùʱŶԣҪͻȻ֣ôкЩأ
뵽ʱתͷһʱ˽⵽ʱʱֻԼԩ
ȥ˵ȻʱԶԼҵСײ˾ôˣ˵ǵĸģֻܸ飬ʱҪϲִͣҪһѲɻܰԧ첻ɣ
ǽȥ˵ЦʱߣԽԽ⣬Ҫ˵ǲŸս޲ھͺʱס
ȻҲ֪ڵ˲ϲǸǵ£Ե˿͹
ǵõ꣬ЦԺ˺ӣ͸Ƕףû뵽תתǾȻԼˡ˵ϵЦԽ
ǰҲû뵽Ե־Ȼôȥһҹ죬ȴѾΪ˴ܵˡ
д£ͷʱҸӿʼ̸
ʱԶɳϣȻʲôû˵϶ǳǳЦ⡣
۲ۣʱСʵ
ģѧѹۡ
˵˲һۣ϶ЦݣʱһǱ̸ļҳǣСҴȥ԰ɡ
ȻܾദĻᣬǸʱһ뿪Ļ԰
ˣ㡣ʱԼ׵Ĵڴͳһݸ͡
ϵЦȷϵǸҵģ
šʱЦŵͷ
ֱװʱüͷ򿪿
ԭΪʱҲѹǮ򿪹֪ԼľȻšԸϴԼĻ£ٿԸǰԼ׶԰Сˣ
ÿƾ迨ƬһԸŶʱƬȷʹ÷
ʲôԸԣͲü
ȻǣһнȨʱСʱЦ⣬һ仰˵㡣
ˣһúñġ͵ҲԵá
͸ش½̸Ĺ࿴ʱϵЦⲻҲЦʱЦôˣĸôȥֹء
˳Ҳſȥڵǵĵǣ㱣֤Ժӽ飬һҪʲôеľĸСʱ͵ͨʱһСʱѣǣ͸õģǾ˵
ҿ϶ģ˵̫ˣŽءãìܵ֮ǰݼҵĺӽ飬Ҳϣһ˫ŮҲɼҡ
浽ʱж־ҲûʲôãϾҲŶʮأ
ҵϣ飬˵öԣŸտʼأöڼǡҲŸ͵޲ԭؽ顣
ͷ԰ʱͣǽ尢̣ǵʱʲôӦ
һؿ۹⣬˵ϴסԺᣬκʱ䲻һֱϲʱ£֪ġ
ʱԲЩԾʵʱ򱻰չңǲԹţ
ô᣿ͲʧЦ룬ʱԼӦþͶ˺øвǣֻԼһֱûв
ʲôʱʼʶϲҵģʱĺ档
һʼͼɫ⣿Ͱٵ
ͣһΪǲһԭҲǳˡʱװ
Цչ֣棺øдһʼˣȻҲ֮ǰЩᣬĴΪദУȫһ¸ңرСӳһ졣
룬˵Ļ˵ܶԼĵ˲䣬˵꿴һԱߵʱЦʵأʲôʱҶ˼
룬ʱôһͲԼ˼ǡ
ʱûлش⡣㲻һֱˮֻܵȻ
Ļ䴽ǣ͵ҲûˮܵĴ㣬ֻͻȻ׻㣬һͺá
ȥѧϰҹ֮ǰҲ͸¶ǰɣʱͻȻƺûж壬ϾҲȷʵǿҹһġ
Ҵҹףͻѧϰҵļƻ˵⻰ʱ̲סЩա
ҲνˣԺǵļڿҹʱ룬ÿǾӭµǵļգҲûʲôá
һ˱Լǰȥ̳ģǰֻ̳Ӫҵ죬ѡЩæ
ʲôʱЩ棬ϴԼԼء
ʱ̧ͷͣôôִԼ
ҵʱĵһۣ;һƯ˵ȡҪϣѾŮѣõض˻Լ
ʱûоܾFŮϵеģȷʵܺÿ룬˽ڿ쵽ˣԼҲ׼ǡ
ǰ˴գ᣺ûҪ
߾õҡͷίرʾõ
ҽ컬ҪáȻô˵ʱϵЦй¶ĺ顣
Ҳʵʵ˵ѡ͵׵ϣȷʵܳ
ȥѩɽºͰ˵𣿡뵽ĵг̣ʱͻȻʵ
ûᣬأǶһˣֻҪǰһͺá
ʱҡҡͷҲû˵չԼȤǿ϶֧ԼģԥҪҪ̹Ҳһȥ¡
û£ءʱķ
ţˣ֮ǰҺһֵģû뵽ھȻˡʱ˵һȥա
ֳɵӰʦڣʱȻ˻ԼƬ
͸ԼƬžǱ˵ӽǣ
˻оյĹλãʹǳԷ
߰ɣȥԷ׼ϻȥ𣿡ʱʵ
ǣҴĺһߡʱȥѩɽǴг
ǰûвԼҵġ
ᣬҹҲ졣Ͳ²
˵˷˶Ѿλϣʱмλϡ
ǸĵӣǺȵƸ˸ˡʱ˺ơ
µ鲢û˷ԣȵСҲģοǺơ
ʱԼȹƺ£ֻ˼ڣôڣɲҶȣó
ȻʱңڷϣͶʱչˣϺ͵ʢ
ĵΪ¿һοҵľǿˡ
ͷʱҲע⵽͵Ķʱһˣǿ֡
ϾϴʱǴΣ˶ʱϲһ֪ģڿǻ˹ȥ˽ģ͵ĵİɡ
ߣٴӡ֤Ǿ仰ĸ￴ŮԽԽ⡣

緹󣬹ڼסڸתת
áʱԭ뷨պñ˳
ʱʱԶһۣûķӦѳɶ֣Ҳøһˡ
һ̸ȥ鷿
ʱ¥ԼİȻԱߵͣҲ߰ɡ
ʹһ֣ţ߰ɡ
˸ճţ;һǣʱ֣˳ʵ𣿡
ţȥתת߿ӰʱóֻһƱµĺӳ
ãǾһ𿴵Ӱ˵ŷӣ˳룬Һһ򲻺Ⱦơ
ϵ˲࣬ӰԺȴͦ࣬ʱȡƱʱѾȥǱŶ׻̲ˡ
ʱϴǿӰĻ棬ǻȻûȷϹϵ˴Ҳ֪
ű׻̲ʱ򣬸պõ˼Ʊʱ䣬ʱҪҪȵģ
ˡʱʱŷ˴ˮ
ʱӹ̲裬ղŷʢ̲ͣסӣڽҪֺüˡ
Ӱϴûʲôˣμһˣ˵Ҳࡣ
ҵԼλãʱ˺˱׻ķڣһŷŽԼζģܺóԡ
һţʵԱߵˣҪ𣿡
Ŀϣϵı׻ӦһȻͷǿű׻
Ҳ˼ʱ˵ʱ·ܸܵĴָʳָȣôǵҽĲнôҲԱϵĶأ
ָϵһֱûʧһشָһ·ӵԼĸо
һûڵӣЦҪ˳ȴһԭˣòã
͵ݵߵı׻ʱԱƫƫͷˣҴдͲҪˡ
ʹЦ֣ѱ׻ŽԼʱӰĵƹҲȫˣӰҪʼˡ
ʱҲʼⲿ翴黹Ӧûܺÿǡ
ҲʱʱͻȻΥľվķչ걬ǲ磬ղݵġ
ΪıղûĵӰµչӰͷҲֻʧ֮ˡ
ȻغһʱغݺӰҵٵӰҲûܡ
غԴ֣ڣӦúʵֲǡ
뵽ʱ̲סٴκغԴΪʲôûлعغһأ
һһֱʱ벻ͨĵط
ȻǺ磬ٲ˸ϷⲻʮӵӣѾҲϷľͷǰŵС£ѾĻһˡ
Ͳסʱ֣ǰܵˣȻĿбӵعۿӰ
ʱڻ飬ֱԼֱסŷԼѾ̧ͷĻʱ򣬾ͿǰܵС¡
ĻϷͷʧǰСƺ׵ЩңһתͷͿʱĴǣ̲ססʱ۾
ʱĵ֣սѹǰھ⻹ĳ߶Ҷأ
˵һЦؿͣѵ˵ҽǺˣ
Ϊ³ˣرʱѹ˵ġ
˵ʱȫ͵ϣģĿıϢ֮ȫܰ㡣
ʵ˵Ͳûʱ˵ʲôֻͻȻϴԼ۾Ļ棬̲ס
۾
һ֪ڵжɰ
ôһףʱʯôҲû뵽һҽҲӰԺΪ
Ѿһͷջڿ˼ǰŵ֣˵ҲڿأʱοԼû£û£Ҷʶֺڲģǲһõ
ͻԼ֣ʱ̲סͲͼıǼ⣬СԣҪҶ
ʱܿ찲Ӱǿȥˣȫ͸ղŵǾ仰ӣǹġ
Ϳʱָʾ佱
ʱ䣬Ӱݵʲôʱȫ֪һƬҺģӰʱ֮ǰ͵Ǿɫ⡣
ʱãɫǸŶԣ
Ӱ˴Ӱһֱ˵Ͳʵôˣ
ûղŵĵӰʱں
Ϳһʱ䣬ỹ磬䡣
ãǾ͹ٻؼҰɡ
׷õӣϵ˲࣬ǹϢ·ϵĴۣ˾ǣڽֵϡ
ķ紵ϣʹУʹԼԵˣеʵ𣿡
ʱʵϣе㡣
ճʱΪ˺ÿֻȹӺʹ£մůĵӰԺȻ͸оĺ⡣
׼ԼϵĴ£ʱæֹĶãسͺˣɲܸð
ȻѩɽǾȥˣ
֮⣬ְԼĴ
ʱЦҪƿҲŲ뱻Χء
˵Сųͣȥʱܱ룬еľٶȴ±˿ڣҲΪҽˡ
ͿʱԶӰҡҡͷ׷ıӰȥ
˳ϣ˿յʱ˲ůͶˣŽһؿʱȻҳñΧѩɽġ
ãﶼСʱʾá
ǺãʰƬͶ
֪ƽʱʱҲ֪ůŮ̸Ȼÿһչʾ
㴩ʲôÿƯ·ԶǳУȥ˵ҽԺ˺ü̱ĲˣǶãСﰮƯ̫٣̱ˡ
ҽ´˵ֻҪ˵ǰؾͺáʱ
ã´γżǵô޷һġ˵֣ȷֲ˲ŷġ
ʱһ޷Ҳ䣬ȹҲ䣬ΪʲôѡƯȹأ䡣
ų硣
ͣ˸㣬׼ĵһǣŮ˵ʲôǶԵģס𣿡ʱһؿ͡
õģˡΪص˵ͷ
Ȼùŵı򿪸ʱϡ
ʱղŰ˵ˣ
л˵
Ҫˣվոôô


55 
ʱ󵽵׻ûϵ̺Ӷ, һ͸Ϻ
ʱŮֺ࣬ܶ, ůԲȿӲ
ʱǻȥʱ, ҵĸĸȻڿ齫ʱӰȥ鷿
ôͻˣЩ, Ϊǵϲܻء
ûʲôùģǰʱߵһ, Ȼһɫء
ǴѣԺտ¾ȥһ֮ǰܾü̫ˣԼûоڼһ, ˸ոպʡ
ǻҪ׼ʳ𣿡ʱһʱ䣬ȥӦûü
ʳļ, ҲȥǱ߿, ѡһЩǰԵĶ˵, տҲһնѡ
, ȥпʱ˵꿴, ȴԼϣ˼ԲԼȥ·¡
ʱװûߣ߰, ҽ, ҪǲȥҸȥ
ʱĻ䣬µӰ, εؿһʱ, ⶼѧᡰ赶ɱˡ, ٲߣ֪ʹʲô
͵ʱΪüͷȵ˳ȥʱʱȿڣҽҾСʱʦбҪúÿһ£֪ʶȣⲢ˿࣬ˡ
ʱ˵ԼϵӣʾһȣֵĶͷŰ𣿡
ʱŷ˻أ޵ģ޹ģȻΧھӣʱǲ졣
Ц˳Ŷ´СʱʦĿ¸㽲һΣ컹ȥаɡ
ΣҸĸӦò뿪ǡ
˵˳ѡʳĵʱʱͻȻҽ῾𣿡
ӦǻġѾԼϴտʲôʱˡ
˵ãֻŶտʱʵϲ
ǵȻ׼ڶôŮԶ֡˵ʱѡϲԵļצ
ȥӦҪǡ
һˡʱĴָ
˵һŬΪϸѡ͵棬ƽﲻѾˣݵദôЩ
㣬˳ţϺɣҸ簮ԡʱ˵ųǱ߷Ϻ̯ȥ
տôûأʱƣԼľѡ˼βơ
Լڵʱȶٶûϵ͹ѡԼȵġ
ʵҲȲϰߡʱҡͷѡ˰ζļβơ
øƺĺϲζ
ҪҪһʱļβ
ãҲȾƵġҡҡͷ
Ǿͺմˮɡʱ˵ſʼѡմˮѡ˰ζģ֮ǰȹζܲ
ɡֽӹǰƳ
һųһǰߣżĶһҪҪ򣬵һ·Ƶ̨ƳＸѾװˡ
ʱܣԭΪͻֹԼû뵽ûУʱͶĿ⣬ǰӹıܣΣԳԣ֮һ
˷ѣʱЦ⿴
ʣµԣĶٳԱܻθġԼֹԭ
ţǾͲҪ˰ɣȾƾˡʱְѱܷ˽ȥΪϴԼܺθʹĸо
Ǵźһݵİ࣬Ϊ˽ӻܼĺģǹܹԼɡ
Щʱôͷº͵ʵԵĻȥٳԡ
ãȻȥɣѾ׼òˡʱʱ䡣
ȵ˵ҵʱԺտ̯Ѿ֧ˣʱѾֿʼˡ
Ŵӽ˳еĶҪٿȽϺãʱϲԵļצ
ʱ󣬴æ֡
ͺãи̰ɡҪæͱ㰲ȥй̡
ʱΪ̲סЦ˳Ȼܵʼˮ
ʱ´ʱЦʺá
ǻŸˣһҪˡ˵Űǰ׼õκͺݸʱ
ǹأɲܾܾģϽ¡µĻֱӶסʱҪ˵Ļ
һμзĸպʱ֪µݹκһͲˣʱ̣̫ܵˣҲա
ˣҺϿɣҪǲգ˾͸óЦˣ£ȥͣôأ˵ѹʱӦĻᣬֱȥ˳
֪ĸ˵ʲô˻ȥԺӣʹӳЦŽӹƻûŮʿǹҾǳ
ʱЦһȻѸղŵĺóǰ˻ΣĽҪҪһ㣿
ʱ˵Լ̲סЦˣ⻰˵ôַߵĸоء
ȥѩɽǼ죬鷳СʱʦӼˡͿĺҪŮʿĸࡣ
ֹʾʱ̫Ա˶Ҳһָ
û⣬ʱѩɽĻҳаˡʱһĺ
Ҫȥѩɽʱ
磬·û𣿡ʱͷصһʱ
ҾͲû·ˣʱǳ
ӰЭεĻȥѩɽͽȥѩɽԭ
ʱ̧ҲӰЭģ
ţҴѧʱӰš͵ͷ
ʱϴʱȥвμӰЭĻҲڰɣֲã뵽ʱ͵۹Խơ
磬ղŵĶ𣿡ʱڴ˵Ķӡ
Ѿˣˣȥ԰ɡʱʾʱȥ波
ҵºһȥʱ˵ȥõļצ
һӵӣʱˬغһôҳɣ
ʱЦһҡͷȻǣΪʱʱ̺̿һӦⲻָܵġ
ʱĥĥһʱܺãסˣСûĵġ
ֵ˵ʱĶͷȥտҴþͳ
ʱԥ£ͷǺðɡ
ȵʱ뿪Ϳʱ棺˵ʲô
Ӧ֪ǵ̬ȣǶϣûǽ⣬УľȻ˵ҪκʼҪġʱǸظˣʱϣЩΪʱЭɡ
еľĸֻҪСʱҶⲢǾ롣һ档
ʱڣͼʱҽҪκθı䣬ֻҪԼͺã
л˵
Ƽѵ
˼ֱbyī
ʱҵش壬̳һۡ
۹£ȴοȣһǮҲûС
˵ֱ׬ǮҲʼֱ
ֱǳ裬ֱ

ֱƽ̨һֱ䣬Ѳмһˡ
2021ˣȻ˸⽨š
Ҳƭӡ
һᣬȫˡ
ʦ˵ͷе̣ʮ곤ܵˣ
ʦ˵Ѫ֣֮лʦСء
ֱһҹ֮󣬰ظ񣬳˵ظˡ
ֱҹֱꡣ
үүҶյֽǮǮظȻĴڣ


56 
Ȼʱζ, ʱһʳ֪ζҧſϵس￴, Ҳ֪˵ʲô
ע⵽Ķ, ҡҡͷ룬ȻŮ
ʱҧһţ, ԼҸʲôڽȥʱʱ˫Ѿļ, ΪˣҳԹˣѸ㿾
ղҹԵôأʱ˵ץʣĿܡ
ʱʱиԼʱ󷢳Ц
³ķһ, ĽؿࣺǼһ㡣
ʱݹĿЦһû
˭ԼȥԵŶ, Ǹղʲôʱ˵궨ؿ, ͼϿʲô
ʧ, 鲻, Ц⣺צ, ߰ɣȥȥ
ȳҸջǲġʱտ, ʱǸ˿϶
ûоܾ, ȻȳȥԵĻ֡ҫĸо
ܺó, ǲǻһ㣿ѯʱĿζ
, һͺáʱĿ, ƺԼǸղŵ̸ݣʱҲü׷ʣܲЩ
ͳ˿ʱԵģҲţϺǡ⳥ʱġ
ղ͵ĻǿʱʱĹۣĻǵýʱ䡣
ʱԱ߿Ϳͷϵĺ飬ʱҪã뵽Χļˣֻǰֽ˹ȥ
ͷתտϵտȻǶ죬ôտܻǺȣ̣̲סü
ֱʱݹֽԴϰԺ;ԼĽԽῴʱݹֽͻȻ־ûʲôܿ˷ġ
ͷĳȻ˵żҲϣʱԶ룬еߵľ룬;Ůѡõġ
Ͼĸʶ֪֪ףõǵзദ⡣
ͷԼǰӣ涼Լԣʱ̲סһǶ߾ȹˣǿҲôû
˸ʱһ̣гǱߵһ̣ʣľ˵ģʱͿļצرóԡ
ԼİζβƺҸ翾Ļóԡ
һմˮΪʱϲĿζо񻹲

ΪȵһϵвȻؼҶԽҲ˼ĲΪĿ£ȴòϵĺг
غһֱýȵΪǽ⣬Ŀľ˳Ȼ·
ڽȵ£űԼǸ⣬ؼҳŵҵĺ˸ıʲôҲ˵˳
Һͺسһٷʱ⡣
س̵·ϣһصؿԱߵĳӣ˵غԴʮ֣ҳԵҹйؼҵĴž㲻ģҲ룬Ͼ޷粻ˣĿͶʽƣϰ࣬ûԸĿ
µĹ˾Ը룬ôʱҲǷֵ
غԴؼҵᶼûμӣ˵ΪֵŲϯ϶ô򵥣϶ڲ⡣
Ҫľǣôýҵʧ͡
غԴû뵽ԼȱϯȻô²⣬˵һ¡
ȥϰ࣬ȥԴƼ֣òúؼǱߵίߵ
ȥϣƵȻҪغԴһֱϾؼæýͷö
ȵǽߵ̯ӣͻֺᷢ滹иľϲڵǡ
ǼȻҪϣڲȥĿ𣿡֣ЩǣϾعıԣпðԴϡ
û£ڲŷ֣Щ˵ʹˣ㵣ǵ£ᷢĳ̶ֳҺغݻġ
عֱӰغ߳ϣȴֱȥĲҪˡ
⵹ҲǣȻ⼸첻ȥͿĵ㣬ҪȥЩĵˡ֣Ŀȵݸ
ãҪȥĹ԰غԴϣϵ鲻ɱ
һȥ֣סһֻ֡
ţһںܺãҲ˵غԴԽᶨ

տҳԵľԼǷ֣˶ĵһģʱԼǳԵǸˡ
ŵļᣬʱ˰֣ÿˣҳԲˣ
ȷˣŵ٩
ղڳУֹһαʾҪôʳģʱᶨΪܹꡣ
ʱԭЩ飬٩񣬶ʱֱֱ׳׼һˣ
ȻûУʣµЩҡ͵Σִų硣
ҲãǱû˰ɡʱɲȫǲóš
۾ﵹӳԺĵƹ⣬һЦǣֵ˵ʱĶͷָָǰӣʲôأ˵
ͣƽöЦЦġʱ潨
ãԺ󿴼Ц˵ųʱ˹ǡ
ʱգ۾û뵽ҽҲôƦĶòϣĺÿ
ʱסԼܺãտҵòˡ
Ǳ߸ĸҲԽңѾȥ
ʱղŽ˵ĵ绰Ѿ鷿һʱ䣬Ժֻʣˡ
ʱһСڼβƣԲ¾ͷˡ
ãܳꡣʳһϲΪԼֵԭζ
ȵͳ꣬ʱһʰĶȵʰһ˵ʱʱƳһۿǱߣȷû˿ͷͣҽ
ʱܣѾ˾飬֮ǰһץס첲ʢЦ⣬սлⲻģ
ʱ̣Ӧô
ʧ˵Ĵ֮С
Ȼͺܿͷſʱ˿Щ飬߸ĸĿ⣬͵һζȻطϴ衣

ʱһڶޣͷһʰˡ
ͼסϴסǼͷĸסԱǼ䡣
ʱϴ裬û̵ζ˶ˬһˮһ߿͸ԼϢ
죺/ͼƬ/ͼƬ/ǡ
ʱû˯
죺ţЩ˯š
ȻǵڶʱңȫһĲͬͺ˯⡣
ʱҲǡ
ʱڶЩʵ֮£ôڸĸǰ·
ʱ˸ǣͻȻһ󵨵뷨
ʱȻ˯ţһȥԺ￴
л˵
дһĸЦôô


57 
ʱʵʱ򲻾ʲô, ׼ŵʱĪЩ飬ϳ޷, ŵ¥
ʱ, ѾԺˣԺĻ԰װ˵ƣƹͶӰ, ͵ıӰԽԵͦΣż紵, ʱ·
ĽŲתԼСܹʱƳϵĳ޷Ͽɵĵ˵ͷȥѩɽʱ͵ô·
֪, ǱôʱָָǱߵӣ, ȻҪſǡ
ǣһߵǱ, ʱȻİͷϣþûˡȻǲ, ʱһ㡣
ھеǼºٿǡ˵ʱһֱʱ֡
Ǳȷʵټ, °ʱҲûϸǰɡʱ̲ס²۵
ͷ͵Ц, 
ҹԺˣʹʱѾȫװɾ, Խû˯⡣
ǲǾ䣿תͷסıǼ, Ǽģط䡣
ʱյͷ, ֻһϢ, ʱġ
ʱô, տǴ鵱
ʱôû˯
ʱǱ¥ˣ
ʱƭ˭أ˯ô׳ѣ
ʱϻɲ뿴Ͻȥ˯
ʱȻûŮѶԭġ
Ϳʱϵụֻ̂ʵ磿
ţˡʱ˵ֻһ˿¥
ʱ֪ǣֹʱû˯ţ߳û˯ţʱҲڸԷǴȥµ¡
ôỹȥԺƣϲʲôҡҡͷʱ͵ϲǱеĻҪࡣ
ϲҲύСһ׼˭ҲֹˡʱԶѾЪȰ˼Լ֮ǰ˵Ѿǳˣ֮ǰһǾ˼ǵġ
ʱԶ̬ȵת䵹ùྪȣЦŵһΪҪʾԼĲء
ʱԶʱˣظŰˣ
ǣ㲻ǡ±˵Ц
ºסķպܿԺµС£²ҡͷӵʲôӣôһȥ
㶮ʲô˼СȻô˳ֻҳʾǴʱԤ¶ȣԥţҪҪѡ
ҪǸðˣûĺùӳԡԺͣʱ䲢࣬Ҳֹͣ
ʱǲ֪ô˹עǣ˿ͽһˮݸȵȵĻ
һˮ¶ǣȫůʱŶűӵ˵ңҵðѱװϡ
˵ֱӴ𣿡
ţˣҾͷųˡ˵ŽӹĿձѯҪҪһ
ʱҡͷˣȶˮס
ôһڣʱ˯⣬˸Ƿ˵
ڶһ磬ºǣҲ˳ǳֱȥѩɽ¡
ӰЭһͶĻʱܶ˶һȥͽ͵
ʱ֮ǰμӰЭĻǶ֪ģһֱ޳ʱչԼȤá
û뵽ͻһȥתһ룬һҲãչʱ
ǵɫ±㿪ڵУǾȻȥȥѩɽǱҪúչ
ţһչ˺ģǿȥʱעⰲȫͶ
ûʱ䣬´μǵù氡Źٴ
ǿ϶ģһͷӦ
档ʱϵЦֲ˼֡
õģ̣ȥ·СġʱҲЦŻֺǸ
ȵҸĸ뿪ʹսʱҷ޷Ĳҳȥһɡ
ܶʵ̳ѾʼӪҵʱͷӦ
ҪںԱߵĸĸ֪һͼ೯˻֣ȥɣԷ𣿡
˵۲Ĳȥ䡣
ȷʱǰǡ
ȵ˿뿪󣬹תͷԱߵʱöǰˣҲϽɣȡҺҲȥ˼Ҽݷá
Ϊ˭Ƶģ˻һΪ˱ʱ˵ֱӻ鷿
ʱԭΪ͵ӣ·Ӧһܼ׵£û뵽ң޹̲סʵҪʲôģ
ʵûʲôرҪ¿ľС֮ǰѳԷܰȻǴװͰ¼
ʱЩЦֺĿô˵
ΪﶼСҲû뵽չҵ꣬ûװ
߰ɣ֪ˡʱ˵ǰ·Ц⣬ǣԭȱ·Ǽ٣Ҫװ棬ΪһƽŮѣô򵥵Ҫ󣬵ȻҪ
ʱѡ£Ҫɫĳ޷ΪʲôǺɫأʱһдʣѩ˺ɫۡ
Ҫ֪ͻܾѡɫأȻҪһ㣬ɫࡣ
ʵ˵ʵЩģϾɫ̫ڣ˲һһ۾ͷװ
ƺ˼ʱЦŵ߰ɣ´һ££ʱʽࡣ
޷Ŀʽѡѡȥô֣Ȼûʽѡࡣ
е´ôװʱһ𡣡֪ΪʲôͶװĪִš
ԣˣѩѥ𣿡ʱ׼ˣȷ׼û
ҺڳûˡЬӺǷֿŵģֻ䣬Ьӡ
û£պóŽɡʱ˵ĸ첲Ьɱȥ
϶ʱһֻֽǹװȥܰȻӣᰲһСȺ
Խ壺˸磬˵һкϰǵǳԷɢɢϲ
װô죬еš
ܰȻýţء
ƣӴëŮȥĸҵֱˣ
װܰȻȻͬһʡʵԹװѡ
ʱ˫͵ݸʱһ˫ѩѥ
ʱһЬ룬Цʲôʱ֪Ьģ
ղ·Ьʱ򡣡
͵ĻʱղԼԹһȹӣȷʵѹЬӣû뵽Ȼôϸġ
ѩѥʱ˵ΨһþǱůѹû֣֮ɫͿʽ⡣
ŴӴ̳ƳһֱѾʮһˣԣ
ðȻܱ߹䡣ѾܶӪҵˣǿԴһ䡣
ʱ⣬ʱҴţϲʱһ
ѡʱʱϲȣ˵ϲ˵ʱ䣬ʱٶȴֻͿĵ٩
꣺ҲǸʱҽۻˣǵü¼ʱǼĸõš
ܰȻʱҽȡãһ/Ц/Ц/
꣺Уʱǵ÷߻һ㡣
Խ壺Ǽ¼ϸ㣬ʱȡ/ͷ/
ƣüһ¸ķⲻˣ@ܰȻʱǵøʦֳŶ
۵һãʱ˹ǣȻʼظǡ
ʱûһֿܣѾҪˣ
л˵
ƼѵģȤıȥ
ҿл伮硷id7134756
ִһ硣顷ֽӶϷ
Ȼִһ顷ܾĵù
ԭǴӡ֮ˣߵ⵽̤ĵ͵
ִ֮ʱһȺӸ統޿ڶ޳ȡ֡
л伮ɽ΢΢һЦܿռ䲨ֳһֻδżδްӰ
ָֹѽ
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鷳ַż־֡һӡзһգǧꡱīسΣУһǧꡣ
ħƣֿһ۶ԷͷţǣׯӡҶţַܼӰţħж˿顣
а飬ΧҰлĿзʫδʡ̵¡ɳı߷ѩӿɽʮɱһˣǧﲻС
ŻҰĴ˾ֲ˹
*
ֿл伮֮ؿ֣ǰΪ޴֮ˣһκսŵԴ
һգ˵Ǵǰֽطɽ־صһۡ
˵÷ʱѩȥ󲻾þͿʼ¡
֣
ɽҵշҳһ֮ɽɣ״ף绢βҥԻ¹֮
֣=_=Ҳص˭˭С
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顷򲻹ͼ룬ֻܿȥˡ
÷ʱѩҲǲԡ
֣ɣǲḺģ
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58 
ʱĻظƽĺʯͷ, ԭ΢гȺ˲ը
ܰȻ@ʱҵѽ, ÿεĽȶǻٶ, ´ǲǴ֤ˡ
꣺ͻȻи󵨵뷨ȻǿʱҪ顣
ƣ@ʱǵշ/ͷ/
Խ壺Ȼʱٶȡ
ܰȻǺ, ż֮ǰǻ˫ĸ״̬ż, ֱĸˡ
ܰȻϢʱĨһϲڵ᣺ʵһ˵Ĺ£ҸһؼңȻײˣԡ
һŵʡԺŴ˵ʱʱ顣
ܰȻ, ȻǸ˵Ĺ£ǵϰϸɡ
ʱа, ҳԷ, صλ˵
, һ, ֱŻؼ, ȻҲջ
ΪŴѩɽ̣߾Ҫϰ, ʱʱֱӻľ, Ϲʱ˵˺һĻ
ڴҲ˿û˯⣬ʱҵĵ, ˽⵽ʱϲ, ĻǷʱ˶ʱ۰
ǰʱҸӶų⵽ڵ, ⲻΪжã᲻ʱѹ
ԼҪӱʱòǡ

һ磬˳ȥи󲿶ӻϣȻһȥѩɽ
˵һȥΣȻǼʱﻹ̲סЩ
Щ𣿡ʱŪԼͻȻʵ
ȻˡϾӰЭĻôܲ롱ء
ʱ˵ԺҲʶԼһɵ⣬̲ס䴽ǣ̽͵˵Ҳû
һ£ʱ;ܾˣߣࡣ
ҽ֮ǰŮѣʱ°ͿԱߵˣôᣬûŮѰɣ
ǵһôˣЩɻʱôͻȻ⡣
˼ĳʱ֮ǰ͵Ļ£Ҳ˵ͨ
ô˵͵˵ͷöʮĸӵгһ˵¡
ôᣬΪ㽻˺üء£һǰγʱûз˵˼
¶˶ԣǱܣûвˣУֻϲѡϲһˣȻΪĿĺЦŬ
ʱԲɵ˵ͷеӡ
ʱԭΪԼʹ⣬Ҳ˳Լͬ⣬ۿʮˣûпڵ˼
󷴶ʱ̲סڵͲ𣿡
ΪʲôҪʣûǽ˼ǶĹȥûκκֻźû㡣͵ﻰʱǰĸ龭棬еֻδ
ҸĸһУǾ÷У԰ɴ֡ʱ˼һֿܡ
Ҳճ˴Сһ𳤴Ļ棬еÿһҪʱв룬뵽ЦԴԽһҰ費ҪѡеҽԺ
ʱԲɴܲ㴩飿
˺ܳһΣ˶ͻȻЦǸղžȻĵôļ衣
ͳŵ̵Ƶļ϶סʱ˫֣棺ȻĿܣôÿһÿһ̣Ǻúϧ
ӣʱһ˲ʱΪҪ飬뵽̲סԼգһܰȻ˵˵˲ŻƵͷ
кüСʱĳ̣һ·˵Żоһ¾͵˻ϵĵط
ˣȻ߹ȥʱǵͦ죬в˻ûء
Զ³ٵԳ硣ʱЦŽ͵
ȷץסʱġǡҲǺһģ
ԭΪǰȻһڿֹɻĿͶ͡
ʣشʱļͷ½£Ůʱ
ŶӰЭֶһԡ˵ǿӰЭкü¶߻࿴۵ġ
Ǻǲһ֮ǰѾԼ⡣
ף׷ˣԲʱһЭһҶ׵顣
ʱԲɿͣʱ˼
ȵ뿪Ͳŵ͵ʵȥǼ죬ҲԼ˼ԭǴҿ϶һؼҡ
ʱǴΣʶԼ˼һܾǵ롣
ʱԲգ۾ԭ滹ۣ뵽ӣ¶ŻŽȥ
ʱʱյﲢûж룬Ϊ⡣
ԣʱʱ̫æԭȥģû뵽ȡ£ͻЩƲ֡
ôһ豸±һʱЦ⡣
ɣʱҲ¼Ӱһˡû˵ǣ¼Ӱһ飬Ϊ˺иĹͬ⡣
ӰЭĿĿʱװãӿ
ӰЭÿλʱ㡣ʵ
ʱû뵽ôʵЦԽŨԺ˭˵ûĻ˭
˵ʱ˻ˣεĻǴ棬Դһ˼
ٴ֮ǰѾǰãֻȥǱ߻пշ䡣
ܿҾʽʱѾǰѳ޷ŵţһ³ƾҪϡ
뵽ͲɵͷʱȣĿǷů
ʱԼܵģǴĻǴģ֣¶ʮȴû⡣
ôůͱʾɡ
̼ô˵ģ϶ˮȷʵܺˡʱӦûġ
룬ʱ򳤿޷ѩѥһ¶ȳѩĻҲᴩѩûʲôõĵġ
ˣȥѩɽ𣿡ʱͻȻʵ˵ʵûȥĵطء
ҡҡͷҲǵһȥ
ȥѩϻؾƵȪǼģʽʱ;úڴ
Խӽѩɽ·Խߣ·ߵѩиƮ𲻴СѩҲǸɽ˲Ѷȡ
ʱһʱѾˣ˳ĻǰӦܵƵꡣ
ΪȷȫҶú˾ƵҲˣ׺޷ڳȴǹ
Эͳһģŷ䣬ʱ룬Ҳ֪ǻôš
ҲʱôʱΪģѾȥӣſûеݷǵǸҪסһ䣿
л˵
ˮҪдճŲͻأ


59 
֪ԼЩͻ, ͵ʵʵ˱֮ǰĶ˼ΧľƵ궼Ԥȥ, ûпշ, ֻڲ¡
üҿԸ㼷һ䡣Ϳڳһ
һۣ˵ж಻עҴģ˶Ǵ˼, ڵĽסһ, һסһ䣬Ƿֱסһ䣬ûбİ취ֻίˡ
ҲһΣӰЭỹǵһθ߻, ԴҶûо飬Ȼڵľ档
û˵, ʱ
ʱü, ͲסһȺסһ, Ȩһ, ܿ˾Һҽһɡ
, ǵķĲ˼ҵʧְһıǸ
˭Ըⷢ¡ʱҡͷʾû, ϾǶ޳֯Լֹԡ
õ³, ʱŷǰ棬ǵķڶ¥, ʱ벽
ļںѵ, Ƶñ, ûշ
˾Ƶůʱ޷ǰ״ˣҵ䣬Ϸ򿪷ĵƣŷһ󴲷
ҲǣԭǸǵģܲܶɡ
˴Ӻӣʱһ۾ͿͷϵĶ̲סȥ
һʼ˯ɳڲŷѹûɳüģԱߵĹӣ滹һñӡ
ʱȺѾڴߴٴҵһ¥ˣʱֻԱߵˣ߰ɣȥԷ
ʱ޲ھ£ζӲＢźţ֫ĺۡ
Ա߿˸۰ɣڵ߰ɣҲϢ
϶ˣպжʮˣԲոպá
ʱȥʱѾòˣ۵ȥȪ¡
ʱʵʱЦҡҡͷҾͲȥˣ̫ˣϢ
ȷʵ˴ĳо˶ýӲܿ˸
Ϊǰ˲ͣϲ˵ٶȺܿ죬һ߳һģĵĶİԣʱա
˵ҲǲңԴӺغݷֺԴһǧɣõľûķݣǿϧݼϧ
ܹ˭ԼģõǰξӦøһãйŮһң˼δץţǻ𣿡
˵غݺؼǱҲǺգԴغݺԺԽԽ·ڸǴĿҪزˣֵÿٽȥ
Ŷŷˮ˵ղؼңؼλӰʱ򷴶ˡ
ձǻǱΪЩŵˣôҲǹɡ˵ֿʼԼԪ¡
ʱ󣬵Щסؼֵ֮ѾȻز
͵ʱ˼˻ʱܿѸղ׵Ժ󣬱ЩԣܼڱȽҪ

ۿԽԽףعغԴ֣һؼҳԷ㵽ʱ˳poһȫҸҲǻػӵ״š
ΪҪϣغԴûоܾҪ
ؼңׯѩڳָӼﰢˣعڿķһԷҪ绰ˣ
ϾҲȷǷҡغԴº͵رʾ
عԲһ뵽Ŀģû˵ʲô
غݣԴغԴһţĿһֱغԴϣغԴ̬ȵͻȻת䣬˾裬ҪŪغԴĿġ
һˣϳҪֵںαذװ׸˿ЦĻᡣع˵ĳغԴһۡ
غԴЦһͷӻĹһɲ䰡ϧѾǵǸɵˡ
Լʱ䣬׼һԸعͻȻѻͷת֣
ãҵ¸Ұ绰Ȼ֣ڻ֪ͼ϶ǲġ
ԱߵغԴһ²ع˾ΪǳеĿķգ˵˾ԩͷغԴЦһһرӽթ
غҲܿع⣬ԴƼһǵĿĶֻһǾǽʧ͡
ںԴƼĺغʵҲЩͷۣĵ飬ԴƼȻĹɶڵĸ˸죬ǽȵǰѡ
ϵ˾ͷۡ

ʱǻصˢؼҵȫҸģȻ˽罻˺ϣʱƬ˼Բˡ
ʱƳһƬ²ؼڵ״ƺ˵İ/ŲʮҲⷢƬ
ڶڶƬһڣ΢飬ʱûȤ룬ֻȥϴ裿
ʱʱ뵽סһ䷿ô͵ùһ䣬Ȼһ𣬵뻹Щڡ
뵽ԼȵͷӦģ͵˵ͷȥ
ʱԥǲر£Լʰ˯ºͿղվŵѾڿˣ˿Ȼ£˵ĽȽάǴǡ
ʱŻϴԡңͷӵ߬ȭͷڿɿĽŲʱ١
ʱϴĹҲԼóԼҪ
ʱˮԡܿ뵽ͣɼ٣ˮһˢ壬Ƥɿʼʵķɫ
æ񣬿ʼϴͷȥʱѾһСʱԺˡ
ϴˣȥϴɡȵͽԡңʱŴϵͷɷ¸ô˯أ
˵֮ǰװ˯У̫ˡ
ʱ̲סԼգˣȻ߰ɡ
ʱһϲͷͷøɷñţëƾ͸øˣڵ˻̣øɣöಹˮǡ
ԡͬ侲Ȼ˽жʱˣ⻹һμʱ˯µӡ
ë׵˯Խĵɰ͵Լĺֿʼµˮ¡
͵ͷðɺųһͿʱŵͷʵûд𣿡
ǣôʱ˵˸Ƿ
ͷãرǶ졣˵;;ֱҴȥ
Ұ㴵ͷָָߣв
ѵķʱԥ룬ѡӦϾˣͷҲ˯
ܿ죬䶼Ŵ͵ָ
ͷͷ¶ȿ𣿡
ԡʱͷʦĸоһ
ʹ³ʹͷԶᣬȷżʱļͷůůģֻ˯ĸо
ǵһʱ棬С³ͷ
֪˶ãͷڴ˳ɸɣʱʾٴˡ
͹˴ʱܽʱһͷѴͷϵĶ˵ϣ˵ĿͬʱڵǺмƷϡ
л˵


60 
ŵϵĶ, ʱһηߺԼ䣬ǵ˶, ʲôÿ, ĺè仰Ȼ˵˵ѡ
һ̵ʱ޲ʱ⵹һӣԻӡ
ȻҲû뵽ڵصĶȻ, ԭѾƽֿʼһʱ, ˶Χʼ£ڵĿ񶼱ϡ
˶һۺ󣬺ָܿƿĿ⡣
ʱƳĬ´ˣ˯ˡ
˵ֱ, ӸסԼͿͬԴһס, 䴽, ԭŵĲһ, , Īú
ϵĶ, Ϊ˱Σ򿪵Ǳߵĳ룬Ž˳档
ʱ, ۾, Ϊ۵Եʣ, ظ͵ĽŲжϳĸλá
ŽŲԽԽ, ʱҲԽԽ, 쵽·һҪ˳
ʹ򿪹ӵȻǱݵĸо˺һᣬŵıǱûŷӦղͿӦΪñӡ
һﶼűõıӣʱ룬бñӣ򻹵ȥǰ̨һˡ
뵽ԱߵѾ£ʱýӲֱԱߴ͵Ҫƣǹصƣ
صưɡʱҲûֱӵҹһ㱣ɫ
á͵£ĵƹҲܿڰ
ʱӦڰŷַʵôڣĵƹ͸ŲûʵĴ˽Եòô
ԭ͵ʱƽţϰƽɵ˯ûиղǸСôڻĺûᡣ
һΰ޾ƵôܵҪˣ϶Լ׼ҪƵ׼ΪһСжожɢεζ
ڰ޷Ŵ˵ĸй٣֮˼һߵľ룬ĺԼߣʱֽŲ֪ôŵĸо
ȻĲԶϢ֮ȫԡ¶ζ˶õͬһʱ֮䣬ȻֲԼŵģԼϵĻʱϵġ
뵽ղűԼյĶ
˺һᣬʱٴηʱԱߴ͵˯ţ
ţ˯šʱҲ֣ղž;úƣ룬ԼֻҪ¾˯ţȴȫ˿û˯⡣
˵˵
áԭʱļƻ
֪ǲϵԭʱ͵࣬Ҳһʼ͵ĻżӦ䣬ɺƤԽԽأ˯˹ȥ
೤ȵĺԱߵѾ˯û䴽ǣսĹ⣬ǺñӣͷһǣŻصԼߣǱߵĴ߿ȥ
ͬһҹ˯һŴʱΣȻܹΣֻǾýǸ۵ĥ
ʱȵδԼʱ̾˿ıһ֪˯ô
Ƿů̫㣬ֻǱ̫ůһᣬʱֲֵֽţ׼ظϡ
ˣıɴűӱڴܹЩ
ʵ֤ⷨȷʵ˯ǰʱɰ֡
˴ĳҲȷʵƣ룬˰ֺҲܿ˯˹ȥ
һҹߣʱڶʱ򣬲֪ԼеǴӺζ͵ֽ§ԼȻѹԼıǡ
Լ˯ʱм˽ģЩڵӣͱ̫ЩһͷʹЩ˻Ƶˣ
ţȷſҡʱ˵ֱۡ
ԭЩѣĻͶܿѹˣû뵽ԼȻ˯һҹ
ʱɿԼʱùԱߵֻһʱ䣬ߵ㡣
ֻϵԤҲѾԶתߣƮѩı־ʱЩ˷ܣͣѩˡ
ʱߵ·ĻѩߵѩܲС
ھǱ߼£ҽԺĴžѩ죬ʱɱʱ˷ܸȾ
Ҫȥ𣿡ͼЭȺϢ첢ûʲôȫɰг̡
ҪʱӦúǸɴ࣬˵ƿȥ·
͵£ʱ׼ñΧףһȫװá
Ц⣺ȥ֮ǰȥͰɡ
ǶķͣʱҪԵȺĶ
ãǵѡλãѩʱ˵ȡ׺ñӣȥʱǲҪϡ
ʱԭΪߵ㻹磬ϾҶȼٵģ϶ò繤磬룬˲ŷԼˡ
еĴλöռˣֻλá
ȻʱûбֳͻǸоʧ䣬ò͵ʱۼؿſλ뿪æʱ˹ȥңȥȡ͡
ʱ͸Ʈѩֻſķ羰ΪĲɵص˵ͷãȥɡ
һҲЩˣʱĻϲãѾ͸ˣȡĲͻϲġ
ʱһϹϾСԲӣص˵ͷ峿һȺľСԲӣ̫ˡ
ʲôţͿһѩеĶëѩСˡ
³ȥհɡʱѾ˴ɡˡ
˳Ӳ뿪ʱһ͡
ô磿˵ʱɴ˸ǷҪŴ˯һء
Ҳ磬ƽʱࡣʱЦźԼߵ˴к֮ǰ֪Ѿˡ
룬ͻһɰ
Ӳ뿪ֻ˷öֹʱҲ
Ϊѩԭ򣬺ܶ˻ѩг̱ȡʱҪȥҲͻѩԵˡ
ڻѩʱȤǺܴ󣬵ôһźϾһ㲻
ܿͱǱοͶѵѩ˸һȥա
ѩ˵һԸŮСŮѩ˴Լɫڣʱÿɰˡ
Χ˼״ܶҲſʼԼѩˣʱôƫͷԱߵҲɣ
ղǸСŮѵľԼͶһʱͰɣţʱϵЦݱøӲ
ʱЦݣԭ̫ɵͻȻ˵ܾĻǵͷӦһѩˡ
ùһʱ˵ſʼ˼ôѳЩѶȡ
ЦԱ˵ϣٲȻѾԭش㡣
ѩű˶Ѿͦ׵ģԼֵʱ֪ж಻ףʹ׶ܸо⡣
˵ɡһԣܿͷ϶ѩ
ʱ̧ͷʱŷͷϵѩﲻЦ⣬ָָͷϣЦŵǽҲǰһһ𵽰ͷĸо
£׹ȡףó¼һ̡
ֱͰ¿ţʱñϵѩȻʾҲϽĵðͲˡ
ͰݹʱƬˣϵЦԽŨ񣬵Ƶ治С뾳·ʱʱϵЦݲˡ
л˵
ƼԼԤգղأ˳ǱȽϲһ
Ԥաұˡѧղء
ɽ紩ڵһ顣
ľ飬ǧϻغźȴȥͺᵱ˺裬ճͼӶǶ£ʮꡣ
ŮŮҪҲա
ϾܾҪ󣬱ϳ޷Ҳ£һߣͿɡ
裬裬裬һƽɷֻ벻ûмġ

ĳŹ裬Ƴһۣ˻֮ҩӣˡ
ŹһĽƭӣͥҽ˵һ
Ź󸾿޺˫ۣʦ˵ĶԣԭͶϹıĸӺһˣֻƶѪ⡣
˫̥Ͻ֣裬Ƴһۣα겻αҪע׽ˡ
һķŭҾ֪㲻ģҪ䡣
˫̥㵱ڿߣԭΪ˼ţȻϡ
ʱԭЦǽƭӵ˷׷š
ĳɹŮʿлʦҼҹĪпߡ
ĳǧ𡾸лʦṩ裬ҳΪ
ԭſЦļˣЩһ
ſͥУȦǣ̽Уһ裨
ܶ󣬶УⶼŶӣ

Ϊʿ֪ǧ𣬸еŮȻȥ
ǮգһűŮżۣ޻𱬳ȦһڳΪȦģޡ
Ϊǧͼȡ֮Ѿ˼󣬼Ը˼ңŮô
ĻΪʲôﲻһӵһ䡣
˵õŮҸأ
Ԥբڡ۱ˡ
ԴӸһֱֱлһμۣ֪ˡ
ֵһѺദΪѣڶ䵱ᣬ˳ƱøС
úĸ׶԰ʱڽеһ
ȻΪѣóֻеĵεΣֵһ΢źѡ
ԹĿĵģǣվˣ

ԴӸоͰس֣鱻ܡ
ĳγ콵ϵͳֻҪľܱ˹顣
԰ϵͳʾμۣҲ˳Ϻѡ
Щԡ
һϵͳݮţ̣ƫƫҪ㽶ţ̣Լǵ㽶
ڶϵͳ񿪳ֿ䣬˼ʻ
ϵͳֿƬǰѡ˿ֲƬ
죬죬N죬ֺ͸ԶŸɵһ졣
ԣֺ֪ˣ군ˣǲˣôͣ
Դ֪ԵĹϵͳֻһͷԲ⣬ڹڵķӦѡֱƽû뵽ǵCP۾ȻԶϲʽѹڶ
ȫǡʵҲ̫ÿģ̫˰ɣ֮ۡ
ģˣˣǼٵģ


61 
ȻñӺͿ, ʱƾ˫۾ϳϾյ۾̫бʶȡ
ʱôʱ, Ա˵, Ȼûʲôǣ֣ȴúܽΪܵӡ
ô, ĵò𣿡ͼüæʵ
, ĵˣȥһްɡʱ˵ʱ̲סͷղǳֵĵطѾ˷طȥ
ߵ˲غݣѵѡ֮ڻǷֿˣ뵽ʱЦݱ, ǲǾζţνġ顱Ͳˡ
վȻѡ, ѵͲ±ĵ, һʱ, ʱһʱܶɻ
ʹӹ, ƳһĻ, ȷʵĵ˱ˣǾ͵Ȼȥʱͼ
ʱñѩѩ𣿡
ʱһѾѩӣæͷ, , ȻҪѡ

ʵҲЩڣôҲû뵽Է˵Ļѩ, ԭΪԼǹ, ·, ʱpoһƬ罻
ȻϣóϣȶȴǰԺúþӪ罻̷Ҳÿ֮һ
λӦԼҲǾöԷг⣬ûһ㸻ĸ߰ͼӣڿۿ϶ˮ֡
ǰյҵǿԼһһƴģغݹԴѹͲģľ籾Ժѡ
ЩغݷֿҲʧرڣ϶ؼҵĸִңԭڹ˾ĺܶŴҲʧϹϸִ˴š
˶ɼףѣıĳһıͻȻʧͿʼòϰߡ
ҲӦǰ˳ԭ֮һڵȫһ֮ǰΪǹȼٵĵطҲ˽˶ȼٴ壬û뵽˵ľȻѩɽıЦˡ
֮ǰ͵ЩҲģЩû£ƲϵҲü
뵽ղһ˵ĶԱȣԽͻغݵú
ȻغݺԼģҲĨɱ֮ǰԼĺá
Աߵ޽ƺûյתͷ͵ѩǸ⣬ܻѩǵ¿ȥȪ
ջһ׼ЦݣǸղҾ˸ҷϢˣʱиͨ棬Ҿ͵ûȥˡ
ôǲǾﲻã޽Ŀϡ
ôᣬƯֻͨһ̸ģҲΥԼЦһº͡
ʱô˵˵ǾﲻãһΪЩĽٵŮ˲һ޽ЩȻǸ϶ܺغıȣͿ˸С˾
ʶҲ⣬֮ǰԼÿûգΪЩ˲һû뵽ǿۡ
˵ãһ˵һӵҹΪôҲ˽˶ȼٴ壬û뵽ȻԼ
һԼ侲ҲŵҲǲϲֻǵıģϾ˲٣Ǹĸˡ
뵽ڳϵתȥͣǱߣﰵ룬ȻȥԼͰڡ
һεĳԶ˵͸ˣͷβû˵ʲô˿ĻüģҲܸˡ
Ҫ˦ƹ񣬲ԼȡԴôߵһ
뵽ĺԼֿʼͷ뿪Լڹ˾ľ˽ӹܣƾķֺ;ƾˡ
ղɴ̲סЦһ˵Լǩ˾غڣǲԼ᧿Σǻʲôҵģ

ʱԭΪջᱻģϾ֮ǰôҲһСټϺغݵCPԷʱȻûˢصϢ̲ס²⣬ѵ뿪ˣ
ùϲԵĲˣȳԷɣ¶ȵͣѩֻҪûƻ뿪ʱӦûǺúõġ
ѩˣʱﲻһУڸղţڶѳСѩˣҶѵģ
Ȼ֮ǰǸСŮѵСС˲٣ʱɾÿġ
ǡʱ˵꿴һ۴⣬ʱѩѾͣˣԽԽ˼˴ѩ̡
Ϳӹӹȥѩ΢΢ššüͷ棿
ʱҡҡͷ룬ȻݹҴȥȪ
ϣȪ˻һЩʱȥ
ãǿȥǱߵľưɿѾΧˡ
˫۷ӣЦſڣҪȾҲԡ
Ҿͺһʱ룬˲˵ľ֪ԼãƫƫϲȣͺЦɴԼǧܺȶˡ
λȻӰЭ֯ģûʲôǵʱɡ
Ȫʱʱԥ£ջѡͷֿݡ
ĽҲ͵֮УڵĽѾԤڿö࣬Ѿ㡣
ʱҪ˵Сݣݵʱ˳ˢˢȺϢܰȻŹװһҡ
ܰȻһСȺȺ²ۣȻ˸ĸö¶ܿˣ边Ȼҽˣ
꣺Ҫˣ//
ƣһĸ̸ˡ
ܰȻܣǴǵģҼҵļƻ@ʱأĸ˵
ʱûأǺһŸսء
ỰȻ˵ʱȴʼ˼֮ǰδڽ¡
ȴ˼Ļ齨µļͥȻһһӣʱ̲ס룬ǸͣǶԼ¶ݵͣǽҲôԽܵ£
ʱֿܰȻϢ
ܰȻҲǣǻصûأô̸ǶԵġ
ʱ棬ԴʹӾлͲˣմæµԼĹĩʱһܼڣͦõġ
ȻҪ棬Сʱ·̣һҲԶ
ʱԼԽԽԶˣҲκˣֱĵ绰ͷһʹģʱʱЩɣôˣ
ʱȪҲݵ̫áѵ
ʱӦĵصͷŶԣͳˡ
ֲͷκģԭݵʱ̫á
ȥʱ򣬲ŷĿʱѺܶ࣬͵ղźͰȻ죬ʱ䡣
ͷβΣͿ˵ղʵ
ںöˡղųȷʵЩͷΡ
ǰ£ұȥ
֪ȥĻһܾԸΪ
ʱûоܾǾ鷳ҽˡ
ļͷղŵѣθкˣڣһҲġ

պ޽ε£֣ܿ͵֪ϾȦмʹˣϢܿʹ
һЩģƬں쿪ʱغһݴ
л˵
ŬȼߣҺŬβˣҪ¹Ҫʼæˣûоվֻ


62 
һ·ʱط, һ·紵Ҳʱѹ, Լü, ȻȪ̫á
͸ܵϵ⿪ʼ죬ɼӿԼµٶȡ
ȵ˻˷, ʱһеؿʱڸоô, Щ𣿡
ʱ˵ͷöˣġ
Ϊȥѩ˶ȥߣϾѩ, 뿪лľѼ
, ǺӰЭһԷ, ѩɽߵһ, һԷ, ˳ȥ¡
ŵ, ʱʱ䣬ľպ磬ܺúϢһ硣
ûܻѩôЩź, Ҷѩɽ֮лǺ, Ѿ´ĳ߻
ʱûвǵۣżĻͦ, Ƶμ϶ǳԲġ
ͬ, ٻص, ˶Ե򶨺ܶࡣ
ȥϴ衣βѣʱԼ˯½ԡҡ
ȵˮܹ壬һ龰ȴһ飬ĽţʱںǷɣ뵽ЦЦ˼˵һ죿
ͷȴûʱ㵭ԡﴫˮﲻ米ϵɫɫšԱߵĴˮһ
ˮһ·θϵĻڽ
ȵʱûмȥϴ裬ͷ
ʱͷͷĶ˲٣ԼĿ佱ҽԽԽˡ
ĻʹǵϢɷŴ
ȵϴԡʱѾڴͷˢֻˣһ̣;һϷ޵ĸо
һ̣ͷΪǿңҲ֪µĻһԼżͼ֮
ڶһ磬ھƵԹ緹󲿶Ӿ׼뿪˵Žᣬתͷʱ治ȥ
´ΰɣ̫æˡʱҡҡͷųȥңֻǽʱ䲻
áȻǿ
ɽ·ϣ·Զǻѩ·ߵ֦Ҳȫѩǣʱ˲Ƭ֮ǰѵѩҲڳء
Ҳ֪ܲܳŵľʱСֹ
ҲǿѩˣҲЧ£ϾΪ˶ѩ˿Ƿ˲˼
ƵʱѾѩˡͲ²
ǿϧˡȻʱѾ˺öƬ뵽ľЩɱ磬Щϧ
ɽ·ʱ˳ˣȵУǾͺʹ󲿶ӷֿˡ
뵽Ҫϰ࣬ʱ⣬ڵô͹ôء
Ҳһ뷨칤ڶʼҲζֻİ࣬͹ʱĩӦҪؼңźԼռ档
ľѾ磬һȥ˳ˣѾ˼ɨֻҪʳĻͺá
Ų˸ʱȴûؽ֣ͣ
ţ͵һ˿硣
ʱ˹ǣ㿴Ŷ
ȷ͵˹ʱſʼ룬ȵŴ򿪣תͷգ۾ҽס𣿡
סˡЦ⣬ȴȻԼҲðȥסǡ
Ϊ˹ƽҲ鷳Сʱʦһ¡ȻסԼǱżҲȥҲʱʼ˼Ǳ߷ӻ᲻̫
´ΰɣ´ȥϴ˸׸ƵĺԼļҲȴһֱûлȥǱ߿
áʹǵĻȲɼŲֱȥ˳
Ȼ󣬵˸ոպãʱԱ߸ʹ֣ͻŹ̲סһƬ
յ͵ע⣬תͷʱ¶ʱ˻ֻЦŵ˧
Ҳʱٶ֣ǰʱͬ߶˻Ӵ඼νףǰų⣬Ҳ
һν׵Ӻ񶼱
˼򵥵ļҳˣʱϲԵģڵĿζŬʱ£
ʱԷǰƬȦƬֻ͵뾳
һٷĹʱȦջ˲ٵޣ˽һɹ
˼˴ˢֻܿȺ﷢Ϣ
棺
棺ˣ
˼Ŷϲʱ
ʱҲʱŷԭȺ˳šüѾ˲²⡣
Ȼ˽˼ͳѾˣ˶δĹ滮ͬԷֵúܺƽ˼˵Ƿֵ˽֮ǰų
ʱԲЩ꣬Ҳ֪˲˵ʲôȻ˼ûԼȻͼװ֪ɡ
ʱԣΪһûãû
棺֮ǰλծ
Ļʱ£Լ֮ǰ˵ǣЩ̿
ʱԣ
棺Ҿ˵ʱԾ
˼Ҫչ˵˵еĹ£
˼һ汦ӣ濪ʼ¼԰ʱ˵
ʱһֱû˵ĳ￪ʼ룬ôһ£ʱͶûѡ
ЩʱɺڵʱûܶĵƬ
ʰ꣬ԱʱֱذͷļϣЦǵõʱڽĿյ𣿡
ǶӶ˵̫⣬ȻǣЦӯӯϣ̺˫ЩĲɵʵţô
˵㵱ʱҵͲԡ
ϧʱһûԼ˼͵Եİա
ûϵҲʱҡҡͷ
ţҲá˵ʱԽԽʱһתͷ˵ʲôͱס
סϸʱֺܿ§סĲӣһʱ䣬ǰ
˶ȻЩɬⲢֹ˵飬ʱһͷԭС˵˵İ
˷ֿһۣЦ
ͻеĸƱϣʱһ
ʱܾ˺ܰȻһԷ飬ͷܿ췢ȻЦݡ
ڼβһǣ˲˹ʱȥһͰԵĲˡ
ʱһֱãʲô˫ģضãҲҪһ㡣
Ϳ϶ˣЦŨ񣬸óֻƬȦ΢
ʱĶЦŵҽں
Сʱʦ̵úáֻʢ
극ʱȥվʱһŷ֣ԭԼûеǡ
ͬᣬһԼĹʱ䣬Ӧܹչһˣûʱ·ջϲ
͵ӰʧԼҰʱԼĳλúһ飬̾˿ԼüģԼҪϰӲǡ

ĵһգغԴյϣͽӵĵ绰غԴƼ


63 
غݵԻ·, غԴʵһǸ㲻ģȻԶ, Ȼûоܾĵ
һ, ȵ̫ãҲ̫ۡ
Ǿͺúõغ̸̸¡غԴ
ܿ˼ͨ, غԴվڴ濴ȥ
λ϶ʮ¥, վﳯ濴ȥһжԵôС
ʱعͼ֣Ŀ𣬵֣Ҿܾˣڸͣؼ˺˵ǱҲͬĴ㡣
Ȧһ紵ݶᱻҷŴ, ǵȻˡ
⻼غԴȴûеô, , ס, ֱ, Ҫʼˡ
غݵĽչ˳, ԭΪΪڿˡ
Լü, غݲ˿, ҲΪڲĺϢˡ
üģȵԴƼ, ܶסڶ֮, ؽҵĿ˼ߡ
ҲԸͶ, Ҳ֮Уϵ״ͣĿڸߴңĴŶʵ
غЩƣ濿˿ֱϣһֹؿ
ʲôֱ˵ɡغڶ˵ûʲôˡ
غݶյĸ飬Ϊϣԥ£ǰѩɽ¸
ԭ֪˲࣬޽ΪԼܵƭͼӴ׵˵һָյĻ
˵ԼܶݳƷȥѩɽԭͱ¶ѩɽ䲻ơ
غݿЩ£һӦں˵ʲô
ϣƺ֪ʲôȥѩɽģģд顣
غݲԸô׼µ飬ϾΪǵδŬôͷ֮ĸǡ
֣Ϣ͸¶ϣһֱעߵغȥգɹ˹ǣغݻǸأǱеĻҪ顣

ʱµʱ䣬ʱٴλص칫ңԼλϤİĸо
Сʱ칫ҵ˶غк
Ž㿴һĸˣЦŵôãڻˡ
Ժѵ֮¶ٸѼϼˣŽǸˡ
ǰڻˡʱЦŵ
ܿ쵽ϰʱ䣬ٴνӴҵʱԵɬ˺ܶ࣬ԱŽš
ʱЩ㶣ЦŵӴͺˣԸȥһ꣬ҵ񼸺Ҳˡ
ʱЩ˼ӣС͵ҪǱòЩ
Žһģʱɺܶ࣬ʱƽԶһϹкʱһ´塣
ʱЩãȻҵˣȥû⣿
û£ȥ˽˳ǹעԺʲôĿʣϯͷ𡣡ƽԶʾýš
õģ֣Ҫʲô𣿡ʱʵ
ãˡƽԶָָԼϡ
е̻˵绰ѾγҲ˳̵µ˼ͲһˡŽСʱ͵ϾϺܶˣ绰ǲ̣ɲᣬξ˳¸ˡ
ʱϵ˵ͷڶ˵ڰ칫Һͳʵ࣬Ͼں͡ˡ״̬Ҳࡣ
ʱһϰڳжȹˣʱպøȥʳá
ԹСֶӵС֪ȥڶһ˵顣
˵ƣ룬ž˵ļۺɡüһƣ롣
˭أ𴲵ʱҾ¶ĽҪ˯ᣬ־òСܰȻ˵·ʱ˵ش˸ǷǵôҶЦ
˯ţѾ˴ҵͨ
ˣʱ¸ʵҽ˰ɣⲻĸڣƵġܰȻĺ棬˿ˣôһ𣬻ѧӦֱӸƵء
Ҳһĺ棬֮ǰ˵һ𣬽ֱӿĸĻڣô档
ҵ߶˹ʱЦŵɺϣһжɺ϶ѡ

ߣһϰβסĺ飬ټеȦҶʱ֪
־͵ļͷЦŴȤ˵ǲǸúʱǳԷ
Էû⣬ʱǱߵʱ䡣
а죬ȥһ˱з׷ˣϽ¾顣־Цŵ٩
ûʲôرľ飬ֻҪ֡˵һ档
еȥѧϰ£ûзҽԺı仯־ͻȻصʵ
ҽԺı仯˵ҡҡͷ
ûǱסԺ¥Ҫ깤𣿡־ѵ
ô𣿡ľˡ
ȻˣʱǿӦûᵽǱȥ־Լ֪Ϣ͡
ͦáʵ˵ﶼһ
˵죬̸ǲһ˶ºͶˡ־˵һĸп
𣿡ͷʵ
Ȼǡ־ָָԱߵˡ
ûɲôĵˡ
ۼҪ뿪־æ׷߰һϢû㡣
Զ½ŲŹ־˵
û˼һĶûС־ҡҡͷ˿̫û˼ˣҲӣֱӸ
סԺ¥Ǳ깤󣬸պøҽԺİգҽԺĸƬ
ʲôϵͲ׹־µ塣
ȻйϵÿҶҪ˳ʱǿƷĪ־˵һЦ͵ļһ֦ɲǹ˵˵ѡ
Ͳü˵ʲôҡҡͷû˵
־͵֪ʲôˣЦŽ͵ڹٷҲ֪ʲôˣͺñŮ֮ǰǸ籣ĶƬʱͬˣǵø˵ĽŲǡ
־˵꣬Ȼѹʵ˵֮д𣿡
ɹɫ־һ뿪һϰ͇NɪھԼȥɡ
ԭصͲššüͷʱ꣬Ӧòдɣ
ţ͵üͷԽšԽ±ϡ
˯ʱ̲ס𣿡
ֱҳ浯廨ŵҳ棬üģһǱ־ǸȱӰ죬Ȼĵ⡣
ŰۣȻʼֶȥľƱȻŷֿһ죬ȴѾ˼ζ뵽ʱϵ鶼ºࡣ

غȥնʣĽȻǲɢغһ뿪û뵽ջԼ֮ǰ£ҪԼ
Ҳʱ֪ڵĴҲû뵽Щ˼ʹĹô浱˲ɣ
ϣһŭɫһʱЩԼϢתһ룬Լ˵ϢҲ֪ġ
غһŭɫְѵܣи顣
غüģԸ֣и׺ԼʱǺú̸һ̸
л˵


64 
ӵϣ绰֣˶µ, غҪף
Ҳʲô׿غǱߵʱ֣һܽ
ϣǱ߳Ĭ, ﲻɸӾغ, ֣ķӦˣ˵ʹܵĸŮʿйء
Ϊֵ˾˻ǰϴСǰ׺
֣йزü, ʲôʱ
, ˵֣⣬ϣﲻҡҡͷ
֪ˡ֣Ҷϵ绰ԥ£ȲغԴȥŪ˵
ӦˣغЩƣؿڳϣȻʾ, ȴƶ֣һӦ
϶غԴҪԴҶ֪֣һںغԴ, ûɲӦ¡
֣ܴӦ, ǻع˾ϣʵС, ȻԴƼǱߵĽչ˳, ûǩ֮ͬǰ, Ծɴڡ
ȻؼһˡغٺԴƼǱ߽Ӵκ󣬾ͿԷųҺϢʱʽӦòٲġ
ƽׯѩʱȥƻ߹, ϵĸַ粨, ЩʧȥȤɲȥЦ
ЩڱЦ, , һҪֻ
, ôʱͻȻֵغݣׯѩøˣϾڿϰʱ䡣
Ϊعˣز˼ı仯
θҡغݿżɽ
ʲôΣׯѩ¡
챦ʯףϵġغݵЩͷ
ҪǸ𣿡ׯѩһؿ׺챦ʯɫϳˣȦﶼеģһܰϧ
кҪ£Ҿˡׯѩһ㣬غݵӵʵܿۡ
ׯѩܱһʼΪعģ֪ԭϵģҲǣعôôصĶׯѩ
ȻЩԸׯѩǰѶغݡ

ôǲǾûһ㣿꿴ʱһƣ룬Цŵ
˵һĻɤӶˡʱ˵̾˿ô˵أ߶ȱɡ
Ҫֱ˰ˣǲҲҪʹǴ򽻵Ҳһĺ档
ţǱ͸ˣʲô¶Ҫʱ˵겻̾˿˵ʵЩǱߵģҲ֪ڶȼٴĿеˡ
ǱΨһĺôžǲÿԡܰȻ˵̾˿Ҫˡ
һԵĻ⣬С鱻ήˣʱ뵽ԣҲɱͷ
ٽ°ʱʱõϣ׼ȥС
ȥʳãȥʱ͵Ϣ˹
Ȼһźܼ򵥵ͼƬʱһ۾ϳľķߣѹļŬ򶨵ӻظ
ʱľ
죺ţ°
ͷϢʱӶʱһƬհף绹˼ͻȻָ֣о
ʱӡ
ͿϢЦһ󿪻ˡ
ԭһϲȥʳã뵽Ͳҡͷ쾪ϲ治ʺǡ
Ӷʱԣʼü尾ŵԵ½ǣʱһһȴ̲ס²⣬ôˣ
ǲҲԼһᵽ˼ζ
ʱӰŽЦźͰ칫ҵ˴ȤСʱôǲԼ᣿
ôŽǴСʱܶ󣿡ҲŴȤ
뷨Сʱı֣ӦǲˡŽ²⣬㲻ѣҲˡ
Ͼʱ˽£٩䣬Ҳܿʰ뿪
ֱվǰʱֲʵУһƽԼĺһ߰롣
ӳʱüﶼЦˣ
ʱܵǰڵʵûа𣿡
Цǣɳ£ǲôͻȻˣ
ʱ̧ͷ˿ȻͷѾĬĩ£ʱ򿴵Ȼþϲ
ˣԾ͹ˡ͵ƽ濴㿴ҹܷ㣬㲻Ҫ⣬ҪҵʱһҺ𣿡
ʱͻȻֱסԴϣϢ֮ȫϵϢãԺҲӵ浽ˡ
ΪĻϵøᣬͷţ׼һ£ϿԿˡ
һ٣ʱԵúܿģеЩΪʲôôˡ
һ𿴵ӣע⵽輸ϣһۿԼϵˣѵЩǲǽҪģ
ţҪõġ˵ʱùϹΪڵԵʣ϶
ʱϣûע⵽˵һֱԼϣ˺һʣͬ𣿡
ʲôʱЩû壬̧ͷ͡
˵꣬ʱ£ԣ㶨ʱ䡣
ãǾ¸ĩƽʱĩҶһ㡣
ãʱҡʱȻ򶨣ʵôһ˿š
ͶԼסС֣üﶼ͸ϲ⣺ʱ㡣
ʵġԼʱġ
УǡıǼ⣬ѵǿӲ
ǺðɡȻΣʱϵЦôҲڲס
һʱͷޣڶһ磬ŵʱֱֽȥվ
û뵽ʱҵű򿪣Ѿãȥͣȥվʱ仹ü𣿡
ʱ˸ʱ䣬֪һࡣ
ţü˵ʱᣬԭȥ˯һĻȫ˵
ȥͰɣ¥мС޺óԡʱЦźԼϲʳ
룬Ŀ˾ɷʼģ֮ǰ
ҲЦ⣬ϲʱԼһУУϲ˷ԼϲһС
һΣĵطǸվʱٶȿ͵ӰһԶﲻǵһμʱʱҲȥվ
ҲǱԵˡ

ȥʱغԴСʵϵ˽⣬ǴǱԼ
֣鱦غԴȷʵ֮ǰϵƬ￴Цһǣ
Դʵ˵֣ҲܾȣΪغݻûҪû뵽һоȻΪա
Ǹ֡غԴķһµĶﻻȡغݵԽԽׯѩķ緶ˡ
ǽ֣ЩǵؿһغԴһʱ֪Լ׶Բԡ
ƺ֣ĲغԴֱʾû¡
ȻôգǾͿΪʲôزɡغԴ˵ſʼϵǱߡ
л˵


65 
֣Ӧԭغݵ֮, ʵ˵ȲԸ, ȱ뿪Ӱҵô
, غݵپܲ٣ߣϣŻڣǱ߼ע, ԴƼǱʱ䶨𣿡
ԴƼǱߵĺøϽǣ˾Ⱥ϶Խ, ʲôסǵǡ
ǱԼúʮ㡣
ã֪ˡغݵ˵ͷ
һΣܴܲƯķ̾Ϳεĺˣ뵽غݵת

뿪, ʱ͹ָֻǰˣͬ, ĩ˲һʲôʱȥ, ƺѾĬĩԼʱ䡣
ʱ˾, ĩȥС
, 뵽Ͼܼ, ʱüﲻԾشЦ⡣
ôΪ˽ڿ쵽𣿡ӱ
°ӣԱʳá
˽ڣʱɻһ, Ѿʮ, ܶ˽ˡ
԰ʱôҽԼ᣿ŲԱ߷¡
ûáʱʵ, Ҫ˵, ûʶ, ͽĵһ˽ڣ뻹ͦڴġ
ͱʱˣϴβ˵Ǿ˸ܶ𣬽ôܰȻʵ
ʱӶ˽ˣԵǺ˵ʲô
ʱ°ʱһ͵¼Ҫֵ࣬°ͣһϲ
ãʵܹǸУʱľϲ˵һû˳סԺ¥ߣڳҽԱ˺㻤ҲҪˢܽ롣
̾˿ظͷϢ
ʱæ
죺᲻æôˣ㵽ˣ
˵꿴һʱ䣬Ӧûôǡ
ʱǣ\ͼƬ\ͼƬ\
ͿʱͼƬ©ģûĻҽԺĺ
죺ңϹ
ʱһ¥̨Աߡ
ʱضˣԭľϲɾţȻϣҽԺ˲١
ͱѾߵݿڣʲôֻص칫ңǿҸտ˻ᣬ־û뿪
ͻȻܵԼǰˣ־˲õԤУȻͿڵֵ°ֵ࣬
ôѵʱˣӦʱ־ɴȤ
ԣ¥µҡ˵⻰ʱϵ鶼
־Ͳö죬ģͷ˵ĻԼ
ʹ뿪ıӰǴӱӰܸܵã˵ǲһ
־룬ܳԷʱһúúһٲǡ
ʱһֱŵݿڿֱߵǰŷԼ˵ݿڣŶҲ㶢ҽԺߵ̫ˡ
ǲǴŵϰˣʱʵЩ˼ﻹһ̲裬ԭͿҵͬǺȣû뵽Լѹϲȥ
ûУûԷɣҴȥԶ˵ŷԱߵĴ
Ǵģͺܿµ
ţû뵽Ȼȥ
һ£ȸȥ
ȵ̲ȥݵʱʱɾԼЩçײˣǺͱ˻˰࣬ˣ´λǲܸ㾪ϲһˣʱԼ
ȥͣ־ȤĻû˵ͱһ̲裺ʱǴģ鷳ҷһ֣ҡ
ȥɣȥɡ־˻֣ԴǴλʿӵĻ󣬴ҶʱҲİûʽԴҸڴ¸ݡ
־ֵָ̲Ļʿ͡
ǾãҽԴ˶ºˡ
ԶԶԣ˿ûôˣҵ칫ҾͿҽֻЦЦݿˣ룬֪˭Ϣ
ҽԽԽ̻ˡ
̻ˣҽŮġ־̲ݸǡ
ۣҽŮˣҶһİԡ
ԣԭҽһϲȴ⡣
˵־Լ̲סЦסԺ߶һܿصԽϸˡ
ȵٴιʱѾˡ
ʲô˵ʱȻǣʱ֡
ҶԡʱʾԼ㡣
ϳ嵭һ㣿˵Ѿʼ˼ôȥʲô
ԭʱ˷䣬ͱʾ˵סǱߣ䶼ʰ
˶һҹˣڲסǱߣʱҲŤֱ˷
Ǳ֮ǰסĲ࣬ܵպǿһȥЩСʱľǱߵķӾͲõúܰ
Ҳ𣿡ʱЦ⡣
ȻֵɼЩֻžʵЩ
ʱһҲ֪˵ĵʲôӵװɫΪɳҲǻɫϵ
ﻹС䣬ֱȥ˿ͷջġ
ʱ۰׵ı˵ģҲ֪ϲϲպס
ʱԲüͷôƶһס
һɡЦŵ
ʱЦ룬Ӧûܹܱ˷ϵĸоɡ
ĶҪʲôңȥϴˮͳͿʼްᵽߵ
Ȼȷʱ᲻֪ĵˣ϶ǲסǼҵģϾڵ֮ǰһ
ʱͷԱ߻˺üСżһµģһԼСأȻ룬ϵЦȴôҲֹס
Ͷϴõˮ˿ʱպôӷҲʱʱŷ֣ߵ̨ܹеҹ
ͰõƻݸȻ͵ҲհҪʲôһȥá
ͦȫģûֲʲôʱ˵ҧһƻ
ܾյģǱܰͺϲʱľǱߵķӡ
һΪǱ߻ءʱЦŵ
ᣬͰСʱʦæˡʹǴŵЦ⡣
ʱǷˣÿε٩ԼʱϲԼСʱʦһְɡ
һúñ֣һ˯Ȼѣ͸׼ϹϾԲӡҲϴβŷʱ
ϹҪһ㡣ʱҪ
ãһ㡣ǳ磬ҺϹϡ
ʱϴʱŷ֣;Ȼĵظ׼ԡ˯¡
ѾϴˣĴͿϵĳɣæ͵
ʱҡҡͷǣֻ㵱ʱۻԱı顣
͵ӣЩ϶ġ
˵ҸŮģǺ顣ȻʱﻹЩ˼ģЩûҪˡ
ʱķɫ˯ţҽѾʮˣ´Σ벻Ҫѡɫ˺𣿡
ã´λɫ
ȫ²õģʱż˯һ
ڶϣʱʱѾ˵㣬Ķ뵽˵ϹϾԲӣ˯¶û
Ҳʱ򣬴͵ˮ¸պð֮ǰš


66 
ſһ˲, ע⵽ɫ˯µʱľһ, ָܿ򶨣Ҳڰ, ˮ͵
̺áʱ˻Щ¡
Ѿӳɫƽ, Թ緹𣿡
¸һ˵񣬶תͷؿʱҵҽԺ, ˣú档
ˮʱøղŷһΣ̲סӲȥҵˡ
ְˮڲ輸, ʱԴʲôأ׼Էˡ
ʱЩԹؿһۣҶҪǲǹˡ
Цһ, ͵Ҳû뵽ô, ûµġ
ʱһ, ѹͲԼھʲô, Ѿ, ЩҲûãԻǰĳϹϾԲӰɡ
¥²һȻϣܹӿ, Ҳ̸ͬӺ
°׵۹, ԿŮӣü, ׵Ӧճ˲, Ȼ˼ˡ
˵Ҳǵһ, Դס֪ˣҪԼ˽˿ռ䣬һ㾡
Ҳҹڼң͵ˮάأ֪ײʱڣ֪ڣ˽뿪
СӣʱҲһȻûɫ

ŴϹϾԲʱ޲ó룬ղŷ£̾˿ȥ̳㶫Ϻ尢һԷɡ
Ҫû»˵ڶˣȥһˣǾʵ˵ȥ
òڵĻԲȥģǱһ͡
òʱһǹҪסǾƵ꣬Ͳ¡
ãҸһ˵ùԱߵֻ
ʱֱӹȥɡǰˣҪ׼
ҲСȻ˵ͻǰ·Ϣ֪½첻ȥҽԺղŴΪ뿪ҵĽڡ
ֱȥ̳͵ǣʱ֣ʱܰȻĻ̾˿
ôˣæͷ
ֻͬµĻ˵ǵĽȸ˻Ƶģɲ𣿡˭̸ĸϴε£ôһ飬ʱôǴҲҳǡ
ЩǱҪ̣ǲǰһѡ뵽ղ·Ϣ;;ͷۣȻѾ뵽ˡ
ȻûֻŵʱȻѾʮ꣬ڴŵʻ䣬ʱŶʮ꣬˵ƽ
ʱһ㵹ǻ˵
ͿӣһģЦŨ
ʵѹʱģѡʱ˭ϲģǮĻҲԼ
ֹԼǮ̲ס£ҵǮģԻԭġ
ȻˣʱûҪʿ֮£˵Ļ̲ס졣
ʱѾüˣÿζҲҴңȥҲҴңδ̳ʹľ䡣
ʱǣһ֣ܵƽʱԿ࣬ǲԾظֳЦ룬žħɡ
ΪĩҲвˣ洦ɼС£ʱƳͷСһƬͻȻ˽Ҳһˣƺֻϴѩɽšͷա
˶ӣһ㶼ᷢƬȦջΪ챳뵽ʱ̧ͷͣҽ׼֪ʲô𣿡
ŮѵĻԶǶԵģ̽
ʱסԼЦ⣬̧ͷʱѾһƬȻǣ׼챳úŮйء
˵ʹ΢챳ƬӦѩ˵ʱĵġ
ʲôʱ򻻵ģʱЩȡ
˾ͻˡʱ龰˵Ἣˡ
ĵôҲͬšʱŬͷ
ģʱ
һļŰɡʱ룬ĺԺҲϡ
ᣬպԱС°ǰæա
˹˳ǰæļţζĳĿܾ¡
ʱϲĻԼõͷҶƬȻץĵģԼ̲סݡ
ʱŵ챳Ȧı˶Ĭûл˵Ļָߵĸо
۲ۣͲĲѾûпʼɡ
һ㡣ʱ˵ͷҪιΪ˴·Ь߾ˣžЩʹ
Ȼȥ˵ʱĿĽϡ
ǽ𣿡͵鲻ɱ
Ǻۡʱҡͷʾء
Ȼس˵ǰ¡
ʱƳ·ˣϽҡͷãԼߡ
ͼ̬ȼֻһԵĵ£һ
ͣĵطжξ룬Ǿͻ˫ЬɣԱȱľǸֵ̡
ùϣʱһԼϺ󣬷ɿĴǣҽ
˫Ьٻȥɡ϶ǲԸ⴩Ьȥġ
áʱûоܾղŻЬʱע⵽źЩĥˡ

ԴյͷϢͿʼ׼Ȼһֱſʱӵ˻
֪˼Ȱµʱ棬ɱʲô¡
°һۣôɵôҲǡ
͵㻹˽⣿϶г㡣˵ǻǲҪ̫ࡣ
Ȼ֪ȻѾסһҪŮһϰɣһ棬ȻᳫŮƽȣҶŮֿòУôܸҪóǵ̬ǡ
ʱ͹ʱѾˣͰҲ׼òˣʱһĸˣˡ
ʱݹĴӣʲô
ʱμ¸ˣͰȳ裬ȳԷɡ
ԶԶԣȳԷ˵к¡
ʱɨһۣͷִ඼ԵĲʽǸж
ǲĲڣԼ飬ʱ˿
ڳй̵ʱͽҪе̫࣬²²ǵ¿϶Ҫ뿪Ǵʵʲôʱ飿
裬ʲôأ̫ˡεؿ¡
ʲô죬סǱߵʱôûÿ죿ˮ·ҪǻشĲ⣬ĵӿɾҪˡ
л˵
ˣ˸齱ҿԿôô


67 
ĵ, ˼ˣ̲ס, Σ, ʲôأסͷ
ֵ³Ծˣסͷ´, ѵ⣿
Ҳ֪С¿ɶò, ޲øӤƵסʱסͷ
һʱ䣬²֪ýзִ磬Ǹûǲʲôë
͵һ֪ôԲһԲ, зִ磬Щ», Ŷʮ, Ҳô˽
ô֪Ըô飿·ʵ
, ôȻΪԼֱ, ʱĵ̲סиԼ, һأ
һ˼ģȻǰ·ϣص˵ͷ, ӿĶ
ͶŹ̳, ʱԱݸһƻ, ġ
ʱûоܾ, ҧһ, ζȷʵͷƻʱô뿪¡
תԭмֲڡ
Ϊû̫ãԱߵ˳뿪£ºûֻǻȥʱעⰲȫ
ҳʱ˶Ͳ⣺֮ǰദĲͦɵ𣿡
Ҳ˵֮ǰֺǰһʱҲ֪ԼڽŸʲôֻҪ뵽͵ĸĸ̲סš
õģǺϲ㡣ͷᡣ
Ҿʱͷִݹ¶ȣȻѾҹǾúˡ
ȥ·ϣʱתͷĵƺ̣뵽Ҫľ̲ס̾˿֮ǰһֱԼ˵ӣ浽һ̣ٴη֣ԭûôǡ
ĳﲻղµĻ룬ҸʵĻһᣬʱ򣬾ԽΪĿġ
һ·˸£ֱ˵³⣬ʱڷʹչȥ⿪ȫ˳ʲôأ
ʱͷͶԼĵӰһԼⰲȫһԼȵĺԼգʱɴСԹ˲·ƣȻʱԼ
ͳúÿһֱ֪ģôĳë̲סп˾ȥȦҲܳԵÿġ
ȫ⿪ȴǱָղŵĶԼʱ̲ס̧ϽÿͿȵĿƺԼĴϡ
ʱѾǲõԼȥģģǰ̲ס룬ԽԽˣȻʹ˼ˡ
ȻûϢľˣȻôƻˣôҲǻȦˣôô׵رƻأ
ͣǰʱϨͣŲʱסͲӵ˫ֲս
ȵ˷ֿʱ򣬶һʱɫż̲ס͸ƽʱȫһǷ䣬һݹˣʱһξùҲˡ
ƽԼȻʱͷſڣ߰ɡ
ʱӦһȻ򿪳ţһ˵ݡ
ΪµͻȻãԼҾӳǵ±ˣʱľƱٺһȥЩ
תԼ׼ż׼˯ȴ˿û˯⣬룬һ˵ʱŶܼ弦ˡ
ӸղŻΣÿζ׵֡
ǣǶǲ˼ʵģ뵽ʱɰͷͷɫǻᾹȻ͵ĸҲôˣ뵽ʱ͵ķӦʱԼøˡ
ͷͲʱܣմԡҳˮƽ
ڴϵͺ˯⣬ղʱ޹òѹȥȺһ
ȥˮտžͿڿﵹˮʱ뵽˯ŵ˲ֹһĪ˲١
ʱɻͷվſڵͣЩıͷȥ
Եã˯ţ
ǣеڿʡʱʶҡͷ
Ҳǡ˵Ż˻Լˮ
ʱԱվվˮűߵǰеҹ
ʱССڵغԼӵˮȴղŵ£ǲֻԼˣأ˵еĶʦͨ
ԼȻһŲ\ɫ\ֻ鲻ԽԣʱűֱӰѱˮһ·˵
ܿ죬Լͱ˴Ӻ§ס°͸ԼͷʱЩÿһ𿴣
ʱڷԼϵ֣ģȥ˰ɣȫֵס
ʱջһöʽ֣˯֮ǰﲻһͷǺµദ֮
ڶϹϾԲӣʱԼԶ塣
ȻȥҾӳǰɣ򼸸ɳ̫ˡʱϲɳԴı
ãԻǼʵ
ɣһʱһֱ
ãȥҾӳǣȥˡ˵꿴һ۹ǽϵӱǰ˵㣬ǻоŸСʱദʱ䡣
ϴιҾӳǻǲľӵʱҲһˣʱһϲÿС⣬ÿıɰ̨ƣֻǼİڼ
˱ѡ鷿ĶĬǣ˶ûзϺͽ͡
ʱǵദģʽֽҲ仯̫࣬ԽԽų⣬żͽҲͷ
͵ɱͻȻ˵ûȶ飬ٺܶҲ˳

ػغԴƼ̸˺üΣھʣºԼûǩ
ո˵岻ڹڣͬõǩ
غ˵飬ȷʵڹ⣬ԵҲûлʲô
ǩͬѾǰ϶£ԿԷųڷö»Щ϶죬ͬʱҲعԼ
عҡڲǿ̲סЦһѲغԴϣͲֹϸͷ棿
ϼԴƼϢܿȦﴫԭѾõĿֿʼµĽչ
ǱȥԴƼ̽ǱûзϣټؼҵʽλֺͺüԭϹӦǩ˺ͬԽҲٳɣʼкͬ
ԴƼרϺô֮ǰĵȫʧ֮ǰЩܵ˼ֿʼҪ
ڵҶûѻ˵ȫԼغݵɣغֳȦġ
ܣԽóԼ档ϣְĻ㱨
غԲЦһЩ˵ʵ룬ȻϣԼɣԼˣ¡
л˵


68 
غݵĻϣü, ֮ǰԱŸĻ滹ǰôˣ
Ϊ, ˾Ļ, ֻܵͷӦ£ȻϵԷԼ
ΪúԴƼĺѾ\\ŲʮغݲƳһô, ڻиҪҪ
վʱľ⼸̻ĵ࣬˵غ֮, ֻǵ˵ͷ
Ҳ֪Լغݵʲô˼ԶغеʾãֻǲܾҲӲԼʲô, ԼҲ֣Լ, غǷԼġ
غȥյغԴ, żƲ, Ϊ֪, ȵƲ, غһֱŵջᶨѡ
֣û뵽غԴҲôȤζһ죬غԴЦһ̧ʵѵ㲻֪
Ȼд, Ҳ֪ͦġ֣˵겻Ц
غԴҲŵЦ, ¾㱸ֻǷ磬뵽ϸպ͸Ӧǩĺͬ, غԴϵЦⲻɼ, ڽǱ, Թ
˲ǡ

ʱԼľ£ͺǱǸ
ʱֳ˳Ĵǣҽѣѵһ߶ɣ
·һһأĲʱ䣬Ǿ
ʱʵһġšüͷԽãԽԼǸϸѡ
ôῴʲôŮѲһ¾ǲϲ㲻ںɣʱ˵겻ɴͣӦҲǻῴֶš
ҡҡͷס˫ֵĴ΢΢˴ԼǣֻǾӵŮѣˡ
֪ҲʱԴüͷ
ʱϵϢ˳һؿͣҪվˣϽȥϰɡ
ʱ仹üվ뿪˵̲סĶͷ
ʱֱĴǣɿ˳Цýҽϻһ㡣
˵겻ٸ˵ĻᣬֱתվһӰ
·̲ʱһֱ˼һ⣬ľߵķӣԼǲҲø׼Ʒ˯ºͼҾӷ
뵽ʲôϲ¿ģʱ򿪳ɫԼ֮ǰĿʽպпֱµ
ЩЩ̣ôͬӵĸо
ʱϽͷ˦˳ȥʰ׼վ³
ľԸվʱסĵطԶ򳵺ܿ͵
ҺͷϢȻɳϣżȻ˯¼ҾӷôԡЬЩӦҲҪǡ
ںͰװ˽࣬ȿϢѾǰСʱԺˡ
죺ҪҪиҹ
ʱãԼѾˡ
ʱ˿ƬóԣУһҪȦǡ
죺´вУ
ʱã˼צ
ʱˣǲҪˣϾҪˡ
һʼ׳ҹʲôܿչؼ
죺̫ˣԵûϵ
ʱ仰üﶼȾЦ⡣
ʱҽѾʦͨ׼
죺׼ǣ
ʱԶŮÿġ
죺ѵʵ
ʱǶֵˣʺƨ˭仹Ǵġ
˯ǰʱ룬ԭô֣֮ǰ˷˺ܶʱ䣿
ͽֵҹ࣬ĻʿԸоĺ飬Ȼ˭һ̸ʹһ
лʿȤҽôΪСʱʦ𣿡
ʱŲ֪ԼǿѾôˡ
ЦЦûзϣ˽ˣҽľϲ׼𣿡
ϲЩ񣬳񲢲׼ľϲ
һĵһ˽ڣǲ׼̫򵥣뵽Ͳü

һҲ˽ڵǰϦľȻСسǣ첻̼ҶʼΪ˽׼
ԵľǽĶӼҵ칫ҵľ룬ʱѾܵ˽ڵϢ
ǰĽպ޹أȴʼڴ
һһ򶼱ȽæµԵ˰칫Һʱûжڴˡ
æһ죬°ʱʱչ֫
ܶҲ˽죬ʱڴڴͻľϲ
뵽üΪʲôôƶͻԼϲء
ˣͱЦˣ̼𣿡װõ
Ц𣿡ʱ˵ʱ̲סԼգͬʱԸղŵҲ˴𰸣ôƶͻԼϲԼĵ
֪ȻֱͳСӸһۡ
ʱɿеԼʵЦΪüﶼЦ⣬˿Ц״̬
Ҿø㲻ǽȻǰءܰȻһʼ˳Ϊصԭìܡ
ŷ֣СʱĸѹͲ¡
ӦòᡣʱȻų飬ҲӦûôǡ
ҽȥˣӦòȥƵɣҸղŸ׼̫лҡ仰ܰȻѹ
ʱԭЩѽԼܰȻͻȻһͷ
ʱص򿪰ȻܰȻԼһΪʱһֱ˯ò̫ȣʱ˶ЩãȻ
ղŵξ̲סܰȻԼʲô
磬ʱ֮һֱֻĶһֱû
̲ס룬ò͸ûʱɣҲпܣϾҽԺæ
뵽ܣʱ̲סЩСʧ
ǰ˻˰࣬ԭ뿪ľǵյ⣬ƻ³ѡ˸
Ż˸ŷŻ˲٣Ĳɢ˲٣ǲᱻΧˡ
ƱʱԤԼʱ䣬ǰԤ˲ԴӸվֱȥʱλ°ࡣ
ʱڵͷ񣬲ǰ̨ˣæ̧ͷãʡ
ĻٿԶѹôˣ
һԼˣǱ㡣ȻֻʣʮӣͲϰࡣ
Աм̲꣬ҡʱע⵽ŽǵĿⶼ˹ղ΢΢ȡ
á˵ֱŻ뿪
ŽǵĿͶЦһȻ
ʱһξԭʮҲôò׵ȵ°࣬ŽȿڵСʱղѣ
ţѡʱͷϡ
ôЩ죿ŽܾͿЩ죬һʱ벻Լˡ
ҵһθ磬·ˣȥ˸վʱû뵽Žͻӡ
ôһ˵ҾˣеҽԵְŽһĸп
뵽Լͣʱֻǵ˵ͷȻȥˣ´лһԷ
ŽȻ⣬Ͼ˽
ʱ̲ʱͷֲ˵ϣǰ̲裬ƺԥԼһ
ʱ߽ŷԼϲĿζ
ΪҪͣ͵ĶСʱע⵽εĻȻǰٺϻע⵽񣬰ѻ˹ϲ𣿡
ʱŪŰٺϵĻ䣬˳̧ͷôͻȻˣ
ǵ֮ǰԼϲõ壬ÿζͷõ壬쾹Ȼĵػ˻
ͻȻðٺϻԢá˵궨ؿһʱЩмܲס
ʱŻһ٣ٺϻԢ⣿ʧЦ㲻ֺԼס
ðɣǽҽİǣʱټ⣬תİš
Լᣬһ̡
͵ĻʱܰȻԼĶЩȻرĿ⡣
һ̣ȳԷȻȥӰԺӰ
Щ֮ǰѾãӰԺ˺ܶ࣬ر£ãŷΧ¡
ӰȻǰƬǵľͷʱȻžͷҲΧ¶ͷ¡
΢΢תͷһͣܿͲĿ⣬˵Ŀںڰײϣһ̣ʱԼĵ׵
ʱ䣬ӰʲôʱһҲûȥ﷭ȥ룬͵»ûһ̣
Ҳ˾Ƶ꣬ôܰȻ͵ĶӦò˰ɡ
ţʱ߬Լ½ǣ̲֮סôһڴ
˴ӵӰԺǣʱʱﻹŻһֱ͵ĽŲһʱ²͸ûһ̡
ʱԱߵͻȻڣʱתͷﲻɲ²һ仰ʲô
ҰסòãסԱߵĿͷͲǿһ䡣
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ȻֻһǧҲܲˣ̫ˣ⼸ÿһ綼Ҫȥᣬϣɢ


69 
ס, һŵ£, ܹ̰ĵ, ѾڼһΣ춼
סʱﻹһ̣һʱЩǡ
, 㲻ϲ˽˿ռ䱻ռ죬ҿСұķӡһ
, ̫˷ˡʱҡҡͷԼѾ׼õЩʵѾ׼ɡ
ͬˣ
᲻̫ࣿʱ̲סüÿͨʱǳ˺ܶࡣ
ࡣʹǵЦһֱû
Ǳߣʱ̽
ǲҵľʾġ
˾㳡ʱǱߴ
޸޸
ΧסһȦ, ֳ֪ʱפ, ͲɿڣҪҪȥ
ʱҡҡͷ, ʱҲȥˡ
̲סͷһ, Ǳʱʱķ, Ӧɹ
֮ͥµ, ʱʵϲ˵, ҪŪ˾֪
Ͷʱ, һȤȱȱӣ֪ϲ, ĬĬ˸档
Ϊ˽ڵĹϵ, Ϻ, ǣʱ֣żԼ׼ﻹûøʱµĿڴȥٸ
·ݵϣɺʱ̧Աߵͣǻȥ𣿡
ţȥˡգȻһƬ
صʱͿʼڻƿѻҲܶ졣
Ϳ޼֦ӹҸô
˰æʱȻ⣬ڲ廨ԼҲǰͰˮָģ
ͼ棬Ժ󻹻𣿡
ʱЦһȻ˫Ĵǣԣ
ʱ׶԰ʦ׶԰СѲ࣬ʹ뿪ȴһѳ棺Сʱʦ˲ˡ
ȵĴ긲ʱ֪˵˲ʲô
ȵٷֿʱʱͨ죬˫Ҳ̺죬ֻԼԿԽԽˣŬƽԼȣԱû޼Ļ֦
ʱԼ׼ﻹû˷䡣
ʱź߹ǹɢҵ
šʱ˵Űĺӵݸѡֱһԡ
Ҵϣ˵ʱѾȡԼԭı
ʱȡĶÿοС˵ߵӾ磬һֱա
ڿɾúգر͵ֺܺÿȵȡ
Ů𣿡ͻȻʵ
еģҳʱʱ䲻ֱ࣬ÿֻࡣ
һϺòã
ϴ軹ժٴҲǡʱ˵סӣַŵ輸ϡ
תʱһӣʱЦſҵģ
ʱ򿪺Ӳŷ͵ЩЦĿͣжϲ
´λһֻǾʺ
ʱ̲ס룬ǲ͵Σ
ϲ𣿡Щš
ûУƯʱ˵ʵÿ͵ĿʽƯƯҲ
ϲͺá˿漴ֿʼϼϵĲ֦
ȥͷʱ˵ȥ˿ͷϴμմɨֻҪ»Щͺá
ʱ룬Լ˵Ҫסͷвȫĵ
Ͱѻú̲סշ΢Ȼʲôû˵ĺôҲڲס
ȵʱԼ׼˯¼Ҿӷԡһõķ̲ס߬󣺡׼ģ
԰ʱ˵⣬ٵȴ
ҿջظղŵĻ𣿡׬סֲɷɣΪס
ʲôʱЩãȻ
סͷǾ仰˵С
ֿʱЩڵ
ãǵСʱʦպòãЦһ
˼棬˶ףŴʱ·ܸоϵ¶ȡ
ʱ룬һ֪ˣ֪ġ˼ơܹá
ʱѾôʼģֻǵϵԼȷʲôֹסĲӣΪͣһôôģ
仰ЧҲûжķϻ
Ϊؼʱʱ룬ȷʵøлܰȻǡ
ʱԼѾ˲ޣͱȥϴ裬ȥˮڻ˯
ߴʱƽȵĺȴ˯ţķչѾļƻ֮⣬ԭȰȻͼ֮£˳ȫˡ
뵽̲ס׻˵Ķͷ£һмƻѾˡ
ʱʱڰָģ̲סʵòָΧɣ
ͲסȻѾˣʱ񲢲ϲ
ͻȻգʱͻȻһԼŮĸоûб˼ֻǾͦá
˵ڲųˣ浽һδҲ̫ˡ
߿ȶ飿˵һΰ°ϡ
ʱ˵ô鷳Ŀ⣬⻰ôҲ˵ڣ£Ȼãȹʱ˵ɡ
˵ȿڣ˵̸̫˼ԲԸˣ
һ۾Ϳ˼չҧҧĴǣȸ״ˣǰɡ
һû̸ءʱ쿴
ãǼ̸ͲΪѣȻ̫ˣǾͷɣ׼Ļǵ׼ǡ
˴һ£ʱһʱ䣬̲ס㼸ĸ
ĸƱģ³ļƻȻʱ֮ǰ뿪Ʊ
ȻϰҾߡ˵Ķͷߴ𴲡
ʲôʱʱ̲סʵ
°ҿ㲻õҳԷķ
á뵽ԺǼÿ춼ܼʱϵЦⲻɷŴ

˽غݶ˲ղûоܾغݺǸˣ˺ͺõǰࡣ
סյֺ֤գңϴε²ٷͽҵĿǾͽ顣
մغݵĻţǵʱ˵ɡ
غ֪ڽϴε£ûٿڣ֪Щ˵á
ֿʱղûоܾǣǸˡ
غݵĸ˳ڶϵ˾ϣһĳء
ʲôˣغݲšüϣûзִˣ¶ɫһǷ˴¡
ԴƼǱߺ˾ǩԼˡϣ˵겻ɱۣǱԴƼˡ
˵ʲôغݲ
ԴƼǱߺ˾ǩԼˡϣ֪Ϣغ˵ǸСĴ
ļҹ˾غǿԼ侲
۳Ǳߵļţʱ䣬һֱڸ۳ǡϲǸѡ⻰ϣȻû˵غҲܿס
غĺһǱ͸ˣˣŬԼ侲ϢѾȷ𣿡
\ŲʮǱǷųϢ֮ǰҵµĺ顣
ˡعһŭݵ˽
֣ôˣغݲ
ٲôûҶ֪عһŭĿغݡ
黹ûһغݲüعΪʲôôۣнء
һԼɵĺ£عЦһߵֱӰƽݸغݡ
ͬѣȴƫƫϵһһԴƼ͸۳Ǳ߼ŵǩԼʽһԼԼĶͼ
غݱⲢ˵ʲô
ʱ򶼻ûʶԼĴعһʧһֱϴͲô޼ɵ
ܣǱ˵绰ж»ǱҪһϾ֮ǰغѾųԴƼĻˡ
Сʱٿ顣عֱͦܰһһΣҲ϶ȹΣ
ض԰ӵĿҲ⡣һʱ䣬ϼŵµĿƺ⣬ʹֹҲѾֹˣһƬֵиһ·
Դأع㿪ŷסɼۣ׼غԴغݡ
Ȼ֪һڱûʲôȱסϸҪˡ
ԴҲĸ׵ѪҲ°ɡعϣ˵غԴȻ֣ҵͶʡ
Ѫ̲𣿡غԴһĵĿع
ʱ㻹Сռûˣϲõİ취عɱ
غԴЦһʱҲ㣬ܰѲҪ˵ôûʡ
غԴ㲻ҪˣûˣҲʲôǡعһŭ⡣
ûϵûһԴƼغԴЦһ޺
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70 
عôҲû뵽, һֱ£ԴƼȻغԴģǱߣ
ʲôʱϵô, Ȼҡ
غԴ̧, ǵЦǷ̣ѧһ㣬Ͳ᲻֪
عָ֪Լ, 뵽ľ棬ɷԴ, ȻԴƼģȫѡ˫Ӯ϶ɹεѹأԺģͨʱĹ۲, ǶѾغݲǺʵľߣԺġ
⻭Ĺһǰ, ˿ûг, , Ҹ뿴һءغԴº, ںعҳ
ع, غԴдŲײİ󣺡ԴһҪ𣿡
Ȼ, ϾһڴܾˡغԴ΢Цſع, һ죬ȷʵȵ̫ˡ
غԴܿ뿪, ȻûعεϢ, غֱӱ», ΪϹɼһ·ܴһֶΪغݵԭ
ΪϵľߣôҪʱ̣ȴŮԼ飬ùϡ
ڴҶɰڴĿغԴϣ֣ңֻҪ֣ԸͶʣôĿתסģϾͻлᡣ
źǲûмغԴˣӭعεסԺϢ
ׯѩϢæϵҽԺغҲüͷҽԺҽԺﲢûغԴӰüغԴŹĻᡣ
غԴʱĻ˻ԼľƱЦſڣӣӦóŲ˼ˡ
غԴһںƣЦŵӦûҪһ󣬾ǲ֪ׯһôѡ񣿡
һׯҾæͶǮȥҲѣׯȺ˿ɲԸæ
عȻֹׯҷչׯҵʰôɿϷչ
ͷ̯ˣʵ
ţ̯ˡغԴζĺƣ浽һ죬ûеôˡ
Ǻõ֪ܵ𣿡Ц⣬ǣ뵽غ֪غԴǱ֣϶ʡ
֪֪ûϵׯѩĸӣغԴԭһֱӵģϴغϵθջȡԴʵĵˡ
ҽԺعûѹׯѩѹݣʱҪúñ֣һµĹɷȫתϴô죿
غЩ꣬˾£ׯѩֲ̲סֻԴѹյĵ绰ʹͨԼϢҲʯ󺣣Щġ
ѾȥȷųϢһˣʱҪͷݺýǡ
˾Ѿҳһ㣬ǰغݣϧҲغԴعȥִ֣ϧعûѹ
غٴβյĵ绰ɲͨЩƵطֻŹعĲ飺ε֮ǰʲô
عѸĶԻһ飬ׯѩغɫɱò԰
غԴǹģҪϣ
ׯѩôѾϰ˺Ź󸾵ݳϿƲϢ˶ʼݣڸô죿غԴ˲ɣﲻҲϵĹɷݡ
飬ع֣ٷ֮Ĺɷݡ
غҲû뵽غԴѡǿԼ侲Ŀ½⣬ҪľĿ
裬ȥҾ˾ˣȰ϶ȹεѹءֻҪĿܼôϾͲô쵹¡
ãȥׯѩİæʼϵˡ
ǵıң֣Եкܶ࣬ʱںһ̳
֣ĸֱҲǵģô¶ǰ֪һֺΪǵġ
Ҳû뵽Ϣôͱ֣һ޹
ǵʱǵĴˡĸЩǵ
裬İɣڲһ㣬ǷġغԴ֮ǰڲ⣬ҶֻάԼ棬û˵£ҲԼеˡ
غԴֹԴƼºܿڲʱƺʶԴغػϺغԴͿʼԵһһȳû뵽˼˺С
ϵȦ˭˲֪ׯѩһעգһΣҲʧء
ƲĽѾעҽԺع˷·ʮ꣬µĲ֮ҲᱻѺȥ
Ľعׯѩܲ˵ģغͷչҶϵ绰ɫЩãû뵽ׯ˾Ȼֱӷ
ǱߣǳϵϣԸˣҪȥ
տغݷϢ˽ĹִٱģǷ˵ַ
ϢնֻʼױԼһΣҪն˵Ĺϵ

ƲϢѴ˺ü죬Ʋʱһֱû뵽ģϾһֱû뵽غԴûѡٵò˵һȷʵƯ
ǱҲ˽ڱĵûʽӦûиϣֻͨѡ
֮غݣְ鳡˫ʧ⣬Ҳζ⻷Ѿʧ˰ɣţʱԽÿġ
ҽһϵЦݶǰһءܰȻȤ
ǰһ𡣡ʱϵЦͰͺʹһԷǶ֪Ϣˡ
ǿɲһڻ¶͸СŮ˵ζãǰ״̬ʱԺ˺ܶࡣ
ҽ湻ĵģҵԤǶԵģǵĽȹȻɱǡܰȻЦŵ
͹װҲͬӵͷ׼ҷӵ£ͷʱѾסһˡ
ʱԲʧЦԴӿʼ˵ٶȷ·ͱ˿
ҵ٩һ󣬴ʳóָԻؼңʱص䣬͵ڶֱӴԼ˽
ԭ˽˿ռ濪ʼƷָо
ʱ˯ʱ򣬶ܸܵͷ϶ϵϢ˾ðġ
ע˯ɣ£ʧһžһϢ
һһ㿴
һһϾȻƲˣ
һһغԴţư
һһԭӰҵͱغԴչ͸֣ˣڸԻˡ
ʱˣǸá
һһɲǣˣ˵غݳºڵĹ˾Ȼŷ֡
ʱˣַ
һһͦģʱԷʱǩҲΪغݣϵˣȻѹեˡ
ʱ̾˿ȦΪʵҲ֪ڻ᲻ڵ뿪Ӱҵ
Ӱҵ֣ȥ¡
һһȻ̳ս˵غݺһׯңүû˹ܣغԴԺġ
ʱɸп⵹ӦǾ仰ޱͬ񣬴ͷԷɡ
ȦЩϢǱͨһûһţʱʲôʱ˯ŵĶ֪
ʱպ͵ϢҲһ
죺ֵ࣬°ٻ
ʱõģˣǱϢҲһ
ʱϢȥϴõʱͺúһ£Ҫֵʱûߣ̫ˡ
žˮʱʱͻȻ뵽ĩҲǺҪͬһԷɱý
°֮ȥ̳һ·
պϲʱȺԼһ֡
꣺ҽأ
ʱҪֵࡣ
ܰȻð\\\\\\
ʱôᣬĩҪͬһԷ·
꣺׸ҲǺÿģõġ
ܰȻУպҲ·һɡ
ϹֵԼãʱҲպõ칫ңʼͶĹ
ҽԺߣһסԺ¥ɵ£һ豸ʲôʱϵ⡣
Ӧÿ˰ɣ˵ҪƬܲܶſĴ¥İɡ
²ܻᰲŵλģǺϵķ֣ҽ׼ôˣ˵ҵ߲ɶϡ
ҵʱǵ׼ʱСһº͡
϶׼ʱܰһ֦㶨һǸ
ȻҶʱİв˻û˵ģ档
ЦЦû˵־ĿǰΨһһ֪ᵽľסˣһЦ⣬̲סļ򣺡죬ѵˣΪҵѣǲӦðæ
ʲôæͲ⡣
ʱûкʵӣԽܸҰ־һⶼ鿴
˸ʡ͵ĻشΪЩܣù־ǲ
죬ôңǺͱʱǰķṦΰˡ־ҧ
ʲôṦΰô֪ЩЦؿ־
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71 
ȥ, ڿƵСʿ·, 
־ϸνԼġṦΰ, Ͳüͣͣͣⶼ˵ʲô߰ġ
ڹ־ˣȫûӡ
ֵ־Ծˣûһӡˣ
ǵˡҡҡͷ, ù־δҲ̫У˲Ƕ仰, ôͱζ
־鸴ӵؿͣһʱ侹Ȼ֪ͬ˭

Ѿʼ£Щ²ڵģʱ̲ܰȻǴ̳
, ԶǼƻϲϱ仯ԭֻһ׵, ĴӶҪ᲻, λͬС, Ҳ˲սƷ
ѵóһ, ܰȻʱ仹, ɴҪȥӰٻȥ
ҶСʱ˵ͬʱ˳ظ͵ϢȻѽսƷƬ
ӴǼҽءע⵽ܰȻɴȤ
ǵûСʱЦҡͷ
ʱЦݲҡҡͷ, Դ̸, ϵЦݾû¹˵, õ˱ԽԽã
˶ű׻˵ӰԺ, 뵽ϴ˿Ӱ, ʱæ˺üű׻ԼĲȻ
ӰʱصҿյĿҡͷϰ߿ǸµĶͲŰãڣȻòϰߡ
صŷʱԼϢʱһʱ䲻Щ飬ԴӳĹûȥء
ʱϢѯĩİš
ʱͬһԷ
ʱ㵹ͦæ
ʱûûУܾͻˣɰjpg
ʱԭ˵̸ãʲôͬ£뵽ҳˣĻָ˻ȥ
ʱУ¿һҶȼٴͦġ
ʱĻʱҲ֪Ǳ߶ȼٴĽôˣȵʽ⿪ŵʱҪȥġ
ڶһ磬ʱȥϰʱͻδҲǣҪӰܻô졣
û壬칫ҵԶ뵽ĩж
°ʱ䣬ʱͷϢҸͻ
ʱʳó궼ûյ͵Ļظ˯˸Ĵ㣬Լɡ
ȻʱѾԼĲŵʱͻ˹
۾ùԱߵֻŷ֮ǰʱϢ
ʱԼȥͷ˯ôȻԼˣĶתͷϴ֮ǰļҾӷ
ƫСӺͿȶһأʱðɣһξ鲻㣬´λһŲǡ
ڸ𣿡ʱ˵ֻ
ãһҡͷֹĶ
ˡƳ۵׵ɫʱЩر
ɳ˵һ׵һ𣬵ȻصϣʱЩκģؿԱߵˣͼ״Ķͷ˯ɣҲʲô
ʱԲһ⻰˵úڴʲôƵģ̲סһۣҲû£ϵƱ𣿡
ˣͬһ𡣡˵ʱ˳˳ͷ
ģҶûʰءʱԭŵ۾˲
ߵʮ֣ʰü
ǻԤʱأҵʰɡʱ˵Űƽǰ˶ʮӡ
˯˰磬ʱѾû˯⣬ߺܿ촫ʱƽȵĺְ˴һ˲Ծͱ
ʱǱӳѵģЩƵعصӣ˯ӣֱܵߵů⣬ٴۣû˯
ѡ治ɫ˵Żѻ
ʱ˸ǷȻ´ֵҹʱǱϢɣ˷ʱ䲻˵Ϣá
˵ʱָḲ۵׵ɫ
á۵׵ۣûоܾ
ҪҰһ𣿡
ãϢʱ˳ҴñӣЦⲻӿ
ʱ°ʱľͣȥС
Ϳһʱ䣬Ȼʱȥֻг
뵽ϴεͻʱԥ£ҪһסƵɣ
֪Ĺǣգ᣺ģ㵣ĵβᷢ
ģʱɲٴαײ
ţұ֤ϴεºҲ˵ˣ´ҪȥҲǰ绰
ǺðɡʱǼ⣬һǿӣִߴϽȥɣҵ˾͸㡣
ã·СġȻ˵ͻǵʱ˳뿪
ϴ;͸ʱ룬ŵδһ󱻴򿪣ϴʱĲãԭɫĿܰࡣ
ɳϰڵϴʱѡĿв輸ҲѡС⣬ЩȻʱϤ
ͱƽܿ췢һѵضʱʧЦǰСˣ
ԼϴסĿͷֵ࣬Ҫ˯ͷɣ˭֪ƿһ汻ˣϴεҲʧˡ
ƿԵţŷϴεͷأʱ룬˶ǹ졣
ʱ仹磬ʱɳˢֻżƳͷȥһҹ
ѾƲϵȶҲʧغԴΪֹԴƼɷݵѡ
мģҷǰйϵϢ׷׽ˬķչȻҲ˳ֲͬغԴ̫
ۺܿ챻û󲿷˻ΪغԴкã֮ǰ֣Ϲգз˿ڴǼӲͬա
غԴûʱϵЩۣմԺ
عһԺ˿ʹ죬ǶӵҲᵽ
ׯѩԼѡӣѪǺһޣ뵽غԴЦһ
عʲôõҽŶӸΣȥׯѩĸӺؼˣعѾͼȻȥúζɡ
ˣ֣½ֻԻ֣Ҳæµ
ţȥ˾ˣغԴʵ
ţҿһIP׼ڻԻȫһ
ϲͺáغԴ֣ҵԼϲҵͦõġ
˵غݴ㴴ҵ֣Ϣ
غԴϢ⣬Ʋغһ㣬ġ
ׯǱߺԸͶʡ

ܿ͵죬ǿͶƱĽմѡ˳Ի
ٳǰʱЩţ˳͵䣺˶𣿡
࣬ʮɡʵҲȷжϾеаࡣ
ͲĽţڣýš
仰Чذסʱ΢΢ŵ˰䣬ȿǹ־˶û
־ˣҲǻʱĽţһᣬҶ½½صˣҺƣյǱʱеɡ
вϴλʿĻѾʱټ֮ǰ籣ѧƵҶҲϤ
ڼ䣬һֱٿڣһЦؿʱ˵
һС겻ЦŵҽЦڿһݶࡣ
ֹһݣҿһ°ɣЩͬµûŮϲ־һͼӴ׵
ʱû뵽͵ͬô˼ЦŸ͵ҸʶʱҲԴ
˵ôʶİС겻Щ档
»ҪϴεĽ¼˵𡣡־˵ɤӣȻ˴ҵע
⵹һĿʼ
ʱ־˵ʱ£üЦ⣬Ե־ôҶǾɽ֮ǰû
Ĵ඼ˣպܲĵöܿġ
ǣ̤¹һ͵ס

лʱָֻԭÿϰ°࣬ΨһͬĴžǼһ͡
ԼĩȥʱʱҲԼȥ͸ĸ͸¶סľ£֪ôǽģǲûΪǰ˵ʲô
̲סʱЩ棺Ұ趼˵ʲô
Ϳһĺ棬ЦǸܡ
ʱԲһðɣܾܣܻ֪ʱ
ĩȥеʱżҲȥң͸ĸһԷʱһ֡
˵Ǵǵ£ҪޣʱɣҲûǰǵĲڡ
ʱţһգ۾͵˰·ݣܰȻĻ˵ͷ·ѾϷ޵״̬Դˣʱã룬ڵӦǾ仰ͶԵһÿ춼˽ڡ
ܿӭҪȥӣǾУȻֻһ£Ѿϰʱɾ
ʱֻ뿪ĵ죬ԭֻͨһ죬ֱһΪԱϰʱֻƵϣ汻ָصʱ
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72 
ƵϷų, һõʱ򣬶Ƶȡֺͷ, 
֣Щĺ, ÿΰ̬ǽһúܡ
˼óԣԶԶԣȰ, ˰Լֻء
˲꣺ʱ
úóԣemmmʲô˶ܿ
Ȼ, ƵҲвǵķ
Сһ߿ԱߵĶһߴ֣ӦǹҪɡ
Աߺ֤֮ģӦòֻɡ
տԶԶԣҲãͷɲ˭Ƶ˭
ǵķܿ챻û, ֻܶԸԼģЩ˾ʵβҪ, Ҫ/ԳλйԼ
ʱԴһʼǲ֪, ȷƵ, ˹
ʱƵü, ӦҲǽµģ
һƵԼ, ֮ǰЩǷѣֻһϴүʵɼ
һ˶ԼֻAPPʵɼøǲɼ֤ʵɼ, ƫɽ칫ҵĸǳ˹ϲܲɼ, λүֻǲֻ, ʱæʵɼ
ƵƬֻϢʱ, ȡ˵ϰʱֻ졣
֮ǰȦľ, ʱûߣϾ㲻ڴÿ˶
ܿԹСֶӵС鶼οҶһܿʱ˰˰£Ҳ֪Ƶ˵ʲô̬
ʱû£ص֪ôˡ
ƣĺᣬþƵƵģ֮ǰҲǣʱԽԽĮҲԭġ
ӵʱĵ绰ʱЩȣЩЦʵ磬㻹עЩ
ʱɣŵ鵹ȥ˴룺ô£𣿡
ڳ˵ʲôЩԸŵ˶ţس˵ɡѾعٷ˺ţ϶ӦԼġ
֮ǰ굹ĥ̬Ƶô죿ʱ˵Ųššüͷڿɱҥ
ô죬¡ʱ͸ŵΣʱ˵ǸҪ׷ͱˣ֮ǰһԲ֮ǰİ취
̫ܿĻ⣬ת˵ȵҶϵ绰ʱһԼĽ档
һ򲻹עЩϢӦò֪ԾûҪˣ˸Ƿ淢һͻطˡ
ʱҹǿѵģһ⣬˶ʱýڵС͵ô
´ŷóֻ㱨ʱ򣬾Ϳ֮ǰϢ͵绰
ʱ˯ģʽԵ绰ȻûһδϢ춯ʱͻȻ˸󵨵Ĳ²⡣
ⷿȻԼ洫ֻʱ˿򿪷š
ڿתͷͿԼˡ
ʱ嵽ǰͷôˣ
ע⵽ŽѾӾ˳ֱӱȥԱߵɳüͷôЬӣ
ʱԼȥɳȻһ֪֪ͣղŵҷӦģҾѾˡ
ҹĻؼңɲʲôϲǾš
ҵ˷ɻҲ绰ϻþֻǹңǻ绰û˽ʱǵġ
ûµģ᲻ᵢǱߵĽȡʱЩǡ
ᣬ챾Ϣ
ʱԲţЦһʲôʱƭˣ
ʱǿţǲ²ˣԭ֮ǰ²ʲôڵǾ˿ɺˡ
ûµģǰôȦ㿹ѹһеġʱһ档
֪¸ңһʱߡ档
ѧϰĽȲϿһ˵Ӱʲôһʱ˵ҲҪ
Щ̫أЩĻͶ񶾵Ĳ룬˶ܣοʱ
ҲʱƺȦľ
Ҳ֪˭ôƵȥʵʵġʱ˵ͻϵϢ˾ðġ
˶û˯⣬ôɳϿʼ졣
ʱ̧ͣЦһãȻ²ûӰ쵽ңһǺܿġ
ǵģȻʱûбҪܵʵǾÿġ
ҲŸֳЦһ·ϣܶܣڿõģ֪һ¸ңɻᵣģֱۿĲںŵڷ
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һָ߰һԼ⼸췢¡
ʱ棬뵽ı̧ͷգǵҽˡ
ʱȻ˵Ƶᣬ﷭ֻԼ֪һ֪ԭ˸ĸˣ˻ʱǹԼĸоʱǰйġ
͸ĻӦǺǣϢ͸ᣬӶһ·ֱ˫ԭõȴͻȻʱӴϡ
Цһˣ
ʱֱӰͷľû뵽Լô¡
ʱķӦϵЦⲻɱʱͷЦŵҲеˣȥ俴ʲô
ʱ֪ڸԼ̨£æ뿪Ļȥö˶˵ļʲôʣֻ߲ɳ賿룬Ź֡
ԴͰᵽľʱϾûȥʳãʹȥѧϰ⼸죬ҲϰԼؼ㣬ԱʳĶȱ
ͺܿʳĽ˳ʱԼգԼҪҰæ𣿡
ãҾͺá
ʽĳʱڿҲĿڳĶĴʱ̲סóԱߵֻһƬ
뵽ʱæµȫΪԼʱﲻɱø
͵Ķܿ죬һ滹ϡĴлʳָ󶯡
԰ɡ͵ݸӡ
һ£աʱ˵вͬ塣
֪зȦϰߣһЦݵصĺƬſ
ʱһ̧ͷͶϳֱѿڶͣȥ֤ɡ
ǵģղſڳΪԼæµʱʱͷ
ƺסʱ֮ǰһֱǵһֽղſһ̣ͻȻ򵽣ǵȷʵȱֽΪÿҪʱ̣ܹϷسڶԷߣ֤ɣ
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73 
;, ʱʱ̫ƻˣΪʲôע»ͷ
ǵ¾ֱӻСʱĻڴӽȦʱԼǨ˳, ͵Ļ, ϴξͷˣĻҲû͸ĸһԵȥ֤ܷ㡣
Դͷ, ʱһֱ侲һʱ, ȥ·ױȻֱӿȥС
¶ʱ˵ʮ£͵ҲȾĴһֱġ
룬˵Ķ, ֽԺʲô, Ƕ˳վڶԷߡ
ʱٺ˳, ҶΪΪϵ, ο, ȵȡصĻϻᷢ, úڼϢ
ſڵʱЩӦڶԷĹػй˵绰
֣ĿԱ֤˴˸, ü, ýִ̫٣Աߵʱ, δô, ͿʱĵĿ, ò뷴ڰɣ
Ȼǣֻǡ
ûھͺã쵽ˡʱ͸Ż졣
ʱǿԵ׼ȫһŮеģϣŮҲҪС
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