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̤ܱߵʯ̨Ь׸оκλС̨ԵԼ߿ֲʪúãֻܱ޵ƣΨбõĹâ·ߴһԨ
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ڶգ𱻴ɺӳѣһۣ¸ҹĻл˸ǡ
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ϵͳһѣֱӰȫѹ
ˣɽѾڵŵӡ
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ϵͳҷ˼һ£ΪʧܾĨɱϵͳ
ܿ죬𴩴ϣƷ巢ŵŵӷδΪɫŵӣڡƸӸҲɷתţеɴһ٣ȫĵŪ·
ȻҪģöܵռ䣬װεĽҡ
ȥ߹䣬ɺѾȲˣųڱϣһûԣֱɡ
á
вͬտѧûˡ㷴Ӧǰڲƽ̨ЩԸ壬һɢȷûˡ
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ҲʶйȻһķ

ֱΧʼϡԶлиӦƷķλһۡ

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2022
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ˮ棬Ϊɫ磬Ƴطƽ˾ʱ̵ķ羰
ң峺ˮֻάɵ͸²ɼףżܿһӰˮγһĨڰںϡ
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ԳʹԼϵͳѵ
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˵ŮңƽʱͰ׵ĳߡÿŮСܽһпÿһΣҲٶȰ⵽ݺŮϴˢ֮ԩ񶾷ǣ·һͷ
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Դ˲û̫ģڣһŵӵĹ㳡ϣȫǴŵɫεˣĽһģһһͲָߵ͹İ׻ЦŴкƺǳϤһ֡
ںǵһμôˡҲǣһŵ;ţʲôʽɿء
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ʽʼ׼֮ǰ嶼ҪָԹĸˣǼֹ⡣
ڶ˸ֵ֮УϸΪĿǸ
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±ߣͣڶӳɺףȺɢȥֻʣֻˣƳصֻųƽУûһеƮƮӡ
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ԥ˰춼ûϵͳЧһ
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ڹȥʱصŵӸ̾㶼ɾˡ
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˵Ůû죬˽ޣΪҲڣһǱޱȱġ

ˮʱƣҲǹصĵϲñɡ
ȺǶڱ棬޷ѣ˳Ʋ̣˼Ҳӡ
ҴԸʦһ԰ɡվһԣԥƬ̻̲ס˵ʦþѣұȥʦ
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Ʒصоģ׷ٷͻԶ׷ѰֱΪֹ
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˼ˣʦã½ЦţҪ棿Ȼֻȥֳɵˡ
ҡҡͷûб˿īʵĶˡ½ʦ֣˵ȥֳɵģ˿īʵؼӲʲô취ҿԼȥ
½εһ죬Ҳܿġ
¶ı顣
½ɣһǰϴΨһһޣĸʦ֣ոɽ
ǲ⡣
½ɲ䣺ϴ壬Ҳֻܿö˿īһ˫師һӣ˿īˣ
𣺡
齣˸ͷֲǡʦ֡
˿īҪĶ
ǣ½ʦ֣ûһ£ԽʵԽԽá
Увء½ɵͷҴȥɡ
л½ʦ֣
ܿ죬½򱦶
ɽλϴɽǰһƬïܵİڵֺ󣬱ֱܿ׵Բɽ·ݷڴ˴̽ޡ
ˡ½˵ţŲȴͣ
ͷϿң
ɽôɨҲңƽûԸ̤㣬ʦǲŪ䣬Ұɡ
ôΪ棬ú÷һء
лʦΪ룬ֻԼۿȻҲҡЦÿ𣬡·ˣϴϴͺˡ
ʦþôġ½ɾ漫ˣټʦʦԸ⵽ֵطʦֵҲܱ⣬ʦܾƳغúְ˵Ϊأ
Ǳ߰ɡ
ɽʼΪڰԽԽ죬ȵڷŶĵطʱѾˡ
ҹ顣½ָָɽٸȭͷӣҪϲҲһȥʦʦöһ
˵ж죬еóвֵĶѻɽȥܷ;Ϊڷֻ࣬һڣһɻҳζ
˵ȴһɽ
жˡ½˵ʦȥͶ
ãʦߡ
½ɺڽʣխС֮䣬רѰ
Ȼ
ϵͳҼǰɺһ
𣺡ʲô
ϵͳһָүүһƲлꡣ
ϵͳǷʲô޴󱦲أﲻдŮѧ˺ܶ๦𣿶˵ӦҲðɣ
룬ŮˮҲˮ
Ҫ˵ϵͳҲаأϵͳȫǰĻ룬ô˲Ҫ͵ı
һ룬
Ҫ
л˵


ʮ 
֯ɺѣԶгյĹ֣¹Ƶɺ֦ϣһöɫƮʯָ⡣
濴ûʲô֮󣬾ܸо
סϵͳķ߶˵šһ۰һıءԸָ
Ļƣ֪Ůֵر
ȻָĶж󣬶ӼǧǰפĲлꡣ
ߡ
˵λ߽̻ŮѾʧشָĶȫŮĵһͰ
±֡һɽ
˰ɣҰŻȥˡĵǵýָĲлʶڣϵͳĶԻͲˡ
õġϵͳԶ׼ʧ䡣
Ҫѽָһɺ֦ɲǣһĨ׵ӽָأγһΡ
ҷ룬Ȼ
һɫ
Ŵǰĺ룬ҡͷԣһ˵ĸģǵŷ˿ھ̾
𵭶ؿһۣѽָ˻ȥ
Լֻصԭأ߲ˣһ˫ɳڵۣСûʵʲô
˵գڳһдܿʵӡ
ûСϵ
˻һ綨ۿɲã֪˭
ϸ˼ı飬ܳطһǼɡ
߳ЦƵСһȻˣû˵𣿡
С
Цۡ
ܼңǸΣھͽָŻԭأдԭɡϵĽɫûװԣü۽ֻһǳЦȥⲻúŪ
߳Ĭˡ
߻عζˡ
СѾͷ˼ϽȥɲУ
Ȼ̧ۣߣС֮䣿
߼ģۡһģοʿû֡

ԽԽ
ʵϣֻǵŮɽ񵽽ָǵ˭ֻöԷʧˡ
Ǹǳδ˵
˿̣ʶ鲢򵥡
ŵĽָһ꣬Ư꣬Ϊľһ䱦ˡԸǽĶᷢ⣬ǰѽָ󺣣϶Ե˻ҵ
ʵǣʮû˷ָ֣ȺŪɺУǲա
ɺԱڣΪο϶ܱŵע⵽ˣȴ˰յɽһǼʮꡣ
Ĵʹڵ˲ʶôоٶۣϹֱ졣
ڱǰС﷢֡
ĺûԲٴˣһҧ챦ֻҪӦұȫ㡣
ɫһ
ĵȻЧСѾͷҼңûٺöβסˣ
ʵ룺ô˦ɽ
üͷ΢ʣʲô
ֶ̬ۺӣɽǧҶѩԨµ׵ǧ֥ĺܽءЩ׷ѰȴʲôϡΪģֻˮĹʮᣬֻҪѧᣬܺгҹˮõõ
ȻЩ䱦ȤòЩ˰ɡ
ڲԣҪʲôֻҪУܸŪ
ĬƬ̣΢΢ݣ˿֮⣬Ҫ磬ҲԣмӲпյĹӡ
ߣ
ⶼʲô
硭߳ɫý֮߰˹ֵĶⱲӰûѧôֶӡ
κߺò״һѱС۴ֵɺ
Ȼһ£ʵʱˡ
ߴ𣬴һʼƵƽľԽԽ˳ۡ
ģãƷҲã̰󣬾ˣ
ߵɣòײάס飬ǰ񰮣ֻˮ޷ϰΪĹѰ˰ա
ϱⱲӼûѱߵġ
Ȼ˼ǧ궼û߱ﲻҪġ
ˮʲô
Ǳ
Уֻнľˮ֣֡
ף࣬ϡб֣ģʲۣҲټ
ˮҲ˺ܶࡣ߻ǲϷȥǷһ󣬶顣
𶨾ˮ컯پ͡
ֻҵôġǰǱǹǱǷЩ飬ԭΪԼԣȴû뵽鶼һѣΨ˱ģܷ׳Ҳҵ
ȴû˵ݣ۶顣
ⲻǼͱ
˵Ǽõġ
Ĭ˻ȷõĵ
˵ĺôͲܲԸл
֪ߵʵͼ޶ۣ޷ǰô䱦Ըһĺߣǽ֮ء
߳˳ǣӵҲܵŵĶҪԺô죿ô죿
ôãҲЩˣ˰֣ˣǾͰ˵İ죬ҪЩҸˡ
ǰġ꣬ŮҪˡ
ΪߵĻôΪֹȴû룬Էֻصָٳʱһ֬塣

ûֹ屧лɣǡ
Ÿʲôšһ֣Žӹ
ָϸ塣
ʹôʶҲ׷Ǹ
¶ɻĿ⣬ѯʡ
ȻûõϵĶö͸ɡߺƵģҵڹµһӣҲ˵֤û˹ˡţԺû·ЩҲС
ٴζһ壬
лǰ
ʲôϹͷӴ̾Ӱɰػص˽ָ˯
׵һվԭãŰѽָҲ
֮ϲ
ʱû뵽ȽԺ
½ɻʱѾɽŴٿһЩҪ˵ĲϣԼһ߰Ҳ˽ʲôĶ
ʦáֹյʦְЩȥɡ
ĽңﻹûŶٶͲ鷳ʦˡ
˵꣬һԵˡ
½Ŀɿڴֻаüͷûû࣬Ǿѹζһ
ڨڨá
֮̾࣬Ҳע⵽ߵĶȷʵйأֵٹʱգֻὫϴ壬ʦʱʦְʣµĲϸȥΣ
ȵ̧ͷ𣿡
½ЦЦȻ˷ҲۣôȻǺõġ
ʦл½ʦˣЦ˵ҲûϡټڣпܻѶһСô»ᱻವذɡ

֮ܿصԼס
ûʰոһѶϹڵٶȻԲҪô
̫ѾɽˣϾʱ䣬бҪ
硪оһϵͳռѪҺ̹ܡ
л˵


ʮһ 
νѪҺ̣ԼѪεϣʶȶ˭ѪˣӴ֮ΨǴӡ
ǵƷ
ԣԱԣֻǰ߿ֱӽѪҺ̣߻һӹ
ң̵ĶʵԸҲ൱Ҫ
Ŀǰûʲôķ￴ֿѡ˴̨ϵһ
ɫѵһƷɽѾЩôˡÿԡ¶ѾǣżỺ׷Ӱ
ԼָһѪ뻨ϵͳܿ͸˻Ӧ
⵽ʹѪҺ̹ܡϵͳ
ѺʵѳɹѪҺ̣ǰĿ꣺裨ȼͼ״̬á
ע۵Ļ伸ˮ飬ȥʹǰûʲôͬ
ܿ죬ͬγˡ
Ķ࣬Ҷֺʾ⣬Ҫסָ
ָֻǵزֲ䣬תɹ̫
۲쵽磬⣬߶һ磬ԴͶһ硣
տķչ
ֱӰѻ˵˴棬ͷʼоڡ顱¡
Ҳζ︳ԡ
ͬڡѪҺ̡ϵͳԴĹܣ顱糣õһԭҲ֮ơ
˼壬ʿԼע֮Уʹܰ˵¡
ָԼı顱ħиΪʢСֻħ޸ϲƵĲʲôʬǡ
׿㲻̸顱൱սԵĹ
Ⱦǽע롰ȫ
ȴ൱ʿͨʿڶԼıʱҪһԲϽԼעΪһ塣ֱİԼʵ°빦ˡ
οҪ൱һҲҪ൱ߵľȣҪʿһˮƽʵ
ݼأĿǰɹʿҲڡ
ڣֻڡ
ûϵҲϵͳ˵ش𣬡ֻȷһ²ܲܳ
Ĳ룬α˹ܡ
ܱǣ˵˼άʽжôԶҾ߲롣
ԾԾԣǰҪ
ѡеһײߡ
豭С磬ò˶ҲֵǮɹüΡ
ܿ죬ոսֶָһС˿ڡ
⵽ʹѪҺ̹ܡϵͳ

Ƭ̹
ѺʵѳɹѪҺ̣ǰĿ꣺豭ȼͼ״̬һ㡣
ϵͳȻոճɹʲôΪͿǣƽջʮǣɹĿԺܴ󡣵ײ߲һûǵֻһ̲οǵһθ飬Ȼͳɹˡ
ߣѾʼüɹĲﲻһˡ
֪ԴŶȹ˶̶ʮ졣ȥΪشæµ׼ʱ䡢Ϥصʱ䣬ģֻм糿
Ҳɹ壬̤ڵż
һе⾪棬Ϊһ;츳ֻǻδüճķҲôŵӣˣճĿǰƽ
ϵͳĬȻ֪ΪʲôԤϣΪʲôŹ˵츳ƫƫԸ㣬֪ǺҲǻ£һע⵽пΣ֮С
ȻǱݲ²ġ
˶СʦáȱŵĶǡ
ϵͳ˸£ɲϣȻô
ޡ͵㡭Сĵѡ
ģ֪עŲߣҲ뱻˷ܡ
ôŪһȻ飬°ڻϣ˵һ䣺
衣
Ƭ̵İƵĲƯǰ㵹ӿˮ
·豭ҲƵ˸ڵλãʢӲˮ
ǡ
ž
ֻһŲסֱֱ׹ˤڵķѡ
վԭأˮʪȹǣһƬ̡
üͷ𣬸ոյĳʶ㣬ֻж޷һֱרעزǣʱһãȻʧЧˡ

ôõİϵͳ̲סѵǱˣ
ûʲôҡҡͷʵҲһű޿ΰ
һҹΡ
ڶ峿ȥƳѲһȦȥñķ
ҲûʲôˣڼϵĵӺϰǶԼסԼֻµױעƧľõϰʥء
ƷµֻһҲûǰÿָ㣬ÿʱֹսĸо
ڽжʮСѾٽ硣
ʹٶǰƳء
ϵͳַͨܶʽЧľǻͲ㣬ڻʩδϵͳҲΪͨϵͳ
ϾؾӴ̳ʲôпܣһֹޣ˶Ŀ
£ϵͳϵѡ
ؾǱȽϰȫģҲΣ֡
ϵͳû˵ʱͰȥ
ϵͳ˵δ֪ؾ̫⣬ҲܵĻ᲻С̤벻̽һλѡѾĲؾ
ƽ޲ˮ棬ء
ܿ죬гһ⡣
һͳһĻɫͬε˺üֲͬףҲϴһЩ
ϵ밶Զλã⿪ڣ̾һ£㵯
СĽ̬ȣһԼ˸֦ʼζջʲô
ƵСз
з
ɫƫ͸㡣
㡿
ĺüͨ㡣
㣬㣬㡣
ʮֻ̣ǯٺ죬ɫϺ
ĴצϺ
ģһ¡
ǵġϵͳ𿴣ݱЩצϺܵ˲Ӱ죬״Ѿʼ졣
졭ôһƳһֻצϺͻȻǰĴһֻз䡣һ˲䣬зʵĿϡãзǯӳ£Ҳˡ
𣺡͡
޷ԻǶԣֻ֪ǵܱȴǰǿˡϵͳûע⵽Ǳ߷׶˵Ǵ⼸ģ֮δ֪
е֦ᲦһֻצϺһ룬һǿ˳֦Ϯֱĩ۶ˣָҲЩ顣
Һáոûֱ֡
ּһʵ֦ĴצϺһһְ׼õͰһͰƳˮϺзͨͨ˽ȥ
ЩںͰ쳣죬ҳһѷ䡣
𿴵þ棬ݡƳ¼أƳˮ󲿷Һɣֵˮˮκεط㶼ȻӦ˵֮ڣƳΨһһˮء
ôԽöԲ
վԭãոڿצϺʱʲô뷨һץס
𣿡ϵͳڴʡ

飡
ֱͻȻһ죬عͷֻװľͰ˸һֻٺҫ
ϵһȻԼʲô
ȥһϴ塣չһЦ֪ôõ˿īˡ
л˵
צϺԭȸβϺף
ʱʱٳ80km/hٶȳ5.588׿ھ.ǹӵߴ60ǧˣ˲ĦĸΧˮð𻨣ժ԰ٶȣ

С糡
δԡ顱Ӧֺ
ԶˮԡͰget
ɹ豸get
ʱιʳget
ĳߣ㡣



ʮ 
½ɶôּʮ־ȣĿʱ¶⡣
ʦֻû˵ʦбİ취
б˸СԹһЦţ˼õĹߣԡ
½ͷ࣬˵ͷУȥɣǵСЩвľȥʸҩʦ㡣
Ӧɽȥ
߸˲ָһգȫָ󣬲Ŵϴ忳ӵ顣ҲûţָֻͷĴצϺѪҺ̣ϵͳ¼µ衣
ΪֻצϺҲֻԭ̤ȴû뵽Ǿ˼ɱʮֹɣԸָӡ
ʵ֮ϲ
϶бջ񣬲ΪģֻΪצϺӵĹ
Σ˵
峿б˿ī֣һһиõɢԼԿɢϣһһðͷ洦ɼۿɼ
ҶƵתһȦȷ˼Ŀꡣ
ƿĸӣֽȥͳһѡצϺ
ûһѡ
צϺİ屻˿ţǴĽָҵӣһͼʵҲͼ˺ͬʱַצϺֻ״.ǹΪһѡ
ƺܲⱻóʣµСצţ˦һˮȥ
ǰƵ˿īѡ˴ԼԼλõڣ͹ķֽߣסצϺ׼ޣȻһ
飡
צϺܸӵسˡ
Ƕٺɫ͵صȥգ֮ͻصԭλ
ǰīɫѾ˿ѺֻۣҪٰոϼ£׼ضϡ
鼫õצϺԴһ¡

㵹˵Ҷ˺ŷö
Ϻȥóһֻ
˵ѪҺ̹ܶݵһ±󣬱ˮˮĽ˿Ҳʪ󹤾Ϻ壬Ҫ滻ñȽϺá
պ«ưܿ쿳˵ڶáá
ֱ๻ˣǰòϸС֦Ҷ
֮ص㣬ϵͳ¼֣˰ϴμõߣٴиɺʵĳ̡̫㣬˹Чԣѡ϶˹ܵ÷ŵ̫Ҳûʲôɳ飬οһʹײ飬̫ϧˡ
֮Ҫϧɱ
ʦã
½ȻתͷϴλʦĿɿڴ
½ʦ֡װ·Ѿҹ˲ϣ֮Ͳ鷳ˡ˵꣬óϹҵڴһ£Ȳ֪ȥ˵ĺ
ȵȣ
½ɺܿ췴Ӧһصھ̾Щ㿳ģ
ֻõͷ΢Ц
ʦ˵˵ôŪģ½档ϴʮ꣬ûܿö˿īˣλʦǡ˲òడ
Ĭһ£ð˵ڣ˵˻ɡ
ǣϺͳһֻ

Ϻ½עŴצϺƵǺرҺû
˵ţҪ
½ʦСģֿһġ
½۾һû뵽ʦȻûãѾ͸ƹƳصľ衣
𲻽ĿУп֪ǴͳƷĽ̻壬ƳĹ߶ԸԼ·һ㡣ҿǼط;ĶˡԭΪʦէˡ
𣺡ллԲ˵
ֻǵλ½ʦֱϺԹۡ
ڶԷҲʱѽغõ˿īͨͨװң½ɵע뿪ϴ塣

صƷʱʱ֡
յͷ
ڳر߿յϰ˿īȫһʯ˸ʯ̨
ʯ̨£ĸϴδϴ򱦶ҵľͷӡ
ϵͳ
ȷ𣿻᲻ڼªˣ
ûϵϵĻҳλͦãԺˡ
ϵͳĬһðɡ
漴ʯ̨ɢһ⣬΢һ塣
ʾʣCD3졣
𿳷˿ī;УϵͳľҲڽڽܿͻ¹ܡ
ͼ
ϵͳһȽϼߵĹܣͨͼʵҪͼ׼òϣϲܳ涨Χ豸ֻȻÿֵͼʵһһؽƴӡ
Ψһŵ㣬žǿֱӸ˵뷨ͼֻ䣬迿׬ȡ̶ͼ
ȻƸࡣ
ǰ׼鷳˵⻹һԵĹܣҪ䷳شͼ
ͼõĲԽߵҲԽǿͼԽ󣬷ΧҲԽ㡣
Ĵʽ˹ܵҪһСڳƷռͼһݡ
ϵͳΪʲôôûõĹܣ
ϵͳɣʵͼǸ׼ģλԭʼɭ֣ıز٣áͼֵĹߣǾӼбر
ʣµĻҲ˵ȥˣϾڸϸ񣬰ҵĳغͲϣоͼι״㹳
ϵͳû뵽ǣֻһСʯ̨
γɵȦô
ˣͼͶӳʱҲֻγôΧ
ΪʲôĴһأ
ϵͳɣʣΪʲôҪô˷ѣ
ϵͳ⣺ĿǰܵͣÿһͼCDһʼøѽ
𣺡ûϵ󲿷ҶҪֶװò̫
ϵͳ
п˿īȻĻƣֻҪسɹƴӣͻǳʵ
ɽأʮ֣ʮף޷ǷС
վڡͼǰϵͳ书ܼһֻܿĵɫˮĤ
ǣô
ϵͳɵݻıʣݵ
ʣɫػ˼ʡ
һԲ
ϵͳ۲죬Ȼʲô

𵭶˵֡
ϵͳתͷȥʿ飬һԿɲжĽͷӵˡ
Ϊ99%
ϵͳ¡
ûᣬתͷȥӣͷ׼˼ͼϡ
ܱϵͳȿʼת
ͼɨСͨɡ
ɫѾӶϴƴһ壬ʮת
Ϊû˿Ҿîṹ˵
ʱ䣬˵Ƴƴ˹ܵΪأ豸Ӵ׾У϶˵Ŀۿ̨ԣֻһͶʹá
ˮá
ûе磬ɫȻˮãǱдٲ
λƷɽŴĵʮԣˮΥ棬ϣ׳ۣɽѵһ澰ԭٲԴͷ֮²رͬżı㣬ʧٲ
ҲûȤ𡭡ϵͳǼ񵽹ˣΪ˶Ա֮ģ˻λǲǹڵˣ
ûУƶҪٲ޴ĳˢðűķգɵӲŻȥ
ϵͳǣѹ̶ܵٲԴҲҪԽУһǿĳ𣿡
𣺡
˿̣ٲĺˮɢʪЩϡ
ٲԵسĬˡ
л˵
ܾ룬Ҫ֪


ʮ 
ʼֻ򵥵Ĺˡ
ϵͳܹṩЧĸܣҲʹԽԽݡ
ܵӴ棬ˮÿٲ棬Ҳþ޽ʵĳ´桭ΨйܵӵḶ́ҪΪ
ֱһֺ֮ܶǰûע⸡ˮ档
磬ʿǿʹһķȻҲ򵥵ʹʽƩ򵥵λơ
ͬڡѪҺ̡ӵʶַֻöʿ⶯Ʃ緭顢ö˷
ˣܵǿٲ̶õķʽһ֡
ͬģҲҪһʵ
˵ѪҺϵͳԴģҪһС.ôʹֻҪһˮƽ

ʹƷõȵҪڼˡ
Χ֮ڡ
פ㰶ã˾
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Ѿͷɣװŭ½ʦ֣˵ǲһȫСɾˡ
½ûлشֻǿǵЦҡҡͷ

תۼ䣬ɽ¡
Ⱥдһ󾪺󲿷˶δ֮ʿһֱ˽١
ʦ㣡ԱߵСӿˣæӭ
ˣûʲôɣСѾͷԴ
ţʦ˵һòˡСŮͷϲ
Ǿͺá
ɨܣ룬ɽ׳;ˣһֵͨˡ
ԡɵǿʼ֮ǰ˷ͬ⣬ܵɽ°̯
˵ɽ;ҲרŵˮĵӣԶȲ෱࣬
ûʲô¾͸ûȥˡߵ̯ԣȺԾ˱ᡣ
˵װͭĹӣ̰ΰңֵõһ󾪺
Ҫ뿪ʱ쵽һڿػȥһ˫ڵײ˸š
ͬʱ
㿴ǣӴ˴سӣ
ּɽտˣ
سͷκλֻÿһۡ
ɫãůŮ毺õϣĵһΣˡ
꼫ջߣµĲӱøˡ
գգۣпʱ¶Ƹˣ˫۾ֱֱţһֱĸо
ܰʾоѿ
ϵͳͻȻ
ΪЭЧʾȣϵͳԶΪ˽
ע⣡ȨޡΣԤϵͳ𲻹δɫʣꡣ
ꡭЩȻʱ̫죬һԶû׼õĸо
пǾϵͳȽϺáϵͳ侲²ۣԨؾֵջʱڣϡֱ5ٷֵ㣬ȥɣ
˵öԡʾͬæջߣֳŽصƷһϡ
һسˮ峺ˮѾӵġиߡΪˡߡ
ǰΪﵽںǸԼҹĹ˹ܷҳɹװٲϡ
ˣԭܴһܹͨʮ߸صܹܵ˳˵һصڶصķ֧ܵʵá
ڣֻʣӵķ֧ܵԼ걸ʩ
һɣƷĳˮͨγһ޴Ĺϵͳ
ųīɫܣĳɾ͸Ȼ
һԡ
˵գȥѾָģ
Ƭ̺ǰ˸˽⡣
һΣӾþû
üͷ΢壬ֱ˱ˮ棬ֹ
أһء
Ѿܿһ˿͸ɫˮζˡ
ѵǸ
ţʱĴɢɢϺ֣ٴҲֱ۳̡£ĶѾͻ
һЩ졭
أұĳɫˮ渡̶˿ѪͻȻ䣬䡱һСԤĻɫȻԾˮ棬ֱֱ
ȻۼӰԽԽĪˮǵ£մʪѺͷ
ٺ
ž
ͨһĴڲݴϣ˼£ˡ
л˵
ԭһ
ûܣˤڵϰ
ĳ㣺(A )

vָ£~жĳ齱
Сɰǵַ֧ǳҪqaq

רԤաħ״󻧡ղ^3^
维һʱħѪɽԴħһħ֮λ
ڰʱŵһֻ׺ʼո𽥿ǣżŮߡ
ִԹִųϣħ綯ңܰ
׺ΪĻС
˺ħΪѳᡣ

һ׺ǰѪģʱʱج
δɽԼ维ĿްǿЦִ
˴㡭ȴŻ

¶󣬽ӵһʧЧ
֮˳뿪
ò׸ˣ
һۣŶؿ
һμʱ维˫峺ϣĿ⣬¶ȴһУǰضںȺǽװ
ͬһΣᡭ
һ̣ɤ:
ȫ
ؿľ鷢չôеְ
01.
ȻʧЧ
һΣ¶ӵ˾ˣ0/100ĳͷ
Ź˵Ҫˣ¶
ѡ֢ˤ
02.
维ΨһһȺ׺׵ĵӡ
ĿֻͣһֻϣιʳëΪ
ÿ׺ըëҵӣ룬ƺҲ
03.
ץˡ
维¾鶯ѩ׵Ӱߵ
Ҫһһһֱûȥ
ħ֮λ
ڴ֮ǰðǵһɾ


ڶʮ 
[һ]
Լ˳, ֪˶زų㣬ˮĿ⶯Щ, ˮֱֱضϿ, ƺпʼɬļ󡣶͸ɴ泤, Ҳմ, һ𣬱òôۡ
ˤòᡣ
˰ζûпڣ±С
Ӳݵĵ䲻⻬ؼӲȴҲżž֪ˤһָܡ
ۻ, Ӧúһ㡭Сĵǰ, ʱǴظ˿ڡ
ðɣӺܲá
ڴǰ£ΪЩ顣
ĺĻּɫĻ, ˤƬЩϲ˼С̣εϸС˲ƣظ˿ʮˣѪҺð, ɵļơ
룬Ǳ޵в𣿡
·Ƶ, Գڵķ˶
ܵǿҵ, ͽҨЩˮͷϣʪ͸סĶӡ
ȱ֤ɺԶ, ҵֹ߰ȥ, Ŀڴϡ
ԽСԽ, ȻÿһϸڶԾϸĸоǳƬµӳ£Ե͸һ۵Ľ⡣
֪ǲĴɫʸƱɢŹâ
ңǺ͸ղһĸо졣
üͶȼߵĺɫͺټ˼㣬Ҳؾ̹ͷ׵֣ȴûһĿҫ۵ġԣϤ
ϵͳ̽Ϣ
Ĭ
ûֱϵͳ˵ԽԽ׳ɾȷֻԼڣκοܱ¶¡
˵Ӹղſʼ͸оԼߵģͿġ
ĳɾ˰ɣ
ܿ죬ϵͳ˻Ӧ
Ʒδ֪Ѽ¼δȨޣΨһȷΪϡжȣ
ϤĻﴫУȻ𣬵ؾ񵽵ƬۣϡжҲǾɫ
ովǴԨؾ̵㣬пܾǵһ㡪ĺ
۾Ȼ𣬸մӽó˿˲䲻ˡ
ٶȹ۲һ´״̬ǰ˿ںѪҲһֱֹסûӻͷˡ
ٵһˣﾡãȰƬպãҲ⡭ôһ£Ǿ͡
ɳչ
ϵͳȻܵ𼤶飬æ
Ǹ֪Ĵ㣬ղŻʵʵĴȻֱ˺üƬۡ
۲ѣš𶯲Ȼ˿Ҫˡһ˿ͷ˸ᣬôסûӦͳѾõʦҩ
⻹糾ϺǴΣʦֹⲻȥ͸ġ
Ө͸İƿһ򿪣ƮɢһƢҩ㣬û˵żҲоͨ͸ˬ
ͨƵģվβ˲£۾Ҳˡ
ҩƿҩ࣬ɫ΢˿ϣЧͼӰ
Ѫֹסˡ
ôֱؿ֪֪Լˣȷʵûˡ
Զûн
ŵȻˮҩ϶ᱻˮĨ˺ûĨһǵЩİ취С
ˣ
һ뵽˼ס㣬ˮķ
ĳˮһ·Ӱ߽ԣʩԷˮͱһı
عͷؿһ־ˡ
𲻽һЦһóűʪƵ档
һδɵĸΪֻһߵͣþǵܡ
Ȼ˴㣬ڴȬ֮ǰὫ̶ǳˮУܱ߷Χҩõø첻˵ֹܷСΪĴ˿ڡ
Ƴصһء
λɽۣߣͬʱȪۣССĸɹۡ
һΪȦķΧ̫һֱţûֳκζ
ڣʺסˡ
ˮһʵı̶ͼϣŴﻬȥܿ죬ɹϣӴպñ
ο¶Цݣܿ죬Цˡ
Ĵ㿪ʼᣬᣬᡭƫ帡ˮϡ
쿪˼£ˮ³һݡ
ɡҪˣǵոտŻͦ
Ƴһۣˮݡ
û֪㱾˼ˣϰʱֱˤ˸ᣬͷۻʹˮû
վһߺһ˵ȵȡ
Ҫȥø
뿪һһĴ֧壬뿪ķݡ
в֪ôСѭѪζʳ˿ڣζ˼£Ϣһݣɢ˷òľˮ𵴡
ȺС㣬Ҳŵ̳ˮס
˦˦βͣʼ

ܿ죬Ŷˡ
һ·ϣνҡǮˮҪ֪ŵȵĲڹȻֵƣѰ٣меĲˡ
ٽأֱӿƳһ滹һɫŷĵǰȥ
㸡ͷ֪ĵ̲ס¶Ц̾ʵ̫ͨԡ
㲻Ҫ˵ţӽͳղŴƾĶߡ
Ƴһۡ
һߴߣһСһ£Ҹ˿ڣܿͺá
˵ţҪȥץ
㣺ࡣ
ܲԸƵһݣζġħצ
Ը𣿡˴ĲϣȰ˵˿ڷָø죬һֱ¶ţ׸Ⱦرǲˮ
˵һ룬𿨿ˡ¸Ⱦ˿ǲմˮأ
֮Ǹ˵ģһ㣬֡
ȴֻΪ屻סֻ˼硣ǳƮݵɴһˮ׷ǳ͸Ĺ⣬ˮһһޱȶˡ
𿴵ۣడ
һľƷĴ㣬ֵֻ
һһ㽩ãЭˡ
ðɣҲˣժˡε̾˿߷£ȥߵӡ
ûж㿪ԹӴͷժ
㲻˵ɣȻЩ裬šüëҡҡβͣ
ؿʼղػڶ
ûзӦ
㣬˿ڲпԽԽء̽˵
ûзӦ
ֻǴȷ롣ڴ˽꣬ȥϻʱޣеľָֻڴУҪ˵֡ôᱻء
ţ𿴼˿˿ƵѪִӴ˿ڴûֹͣơ
޷ܺòײıô㾡ȫҲҪȻ
ϾһƬۣԵֵϾȫɱ˰ɡ
˼˴ϲҩȫˮУ⻹ԶԶճŵĶЩҩֹѪѪû̫С
ٵһ£Һܿվȥƾӷҩٲоȥһ㡣ٲСȥһˣôҲҪƿϺõҩࡣ
ʵʵԭظţѾĻ
ܿصƾӣʼ䵹λ߰ѽָ滹õﶼ˳ҲһЩõĵҩ
ŵء
ʱѽӽӽһ˿ϼɫޱŨޡ
ʦãţյɵǽˣҪء
Ѻòҳƿƿ޹װңŶɣʦ㣿
µ׼յɽĹȻǸˡɣһƣҪ˲أһƣ
ǡһʱ벻ɾֲܾ㱻˷֣ôקˡ
һ̣Ƴرߡ
΢紵һƬӿƮ䣬ҵԿ롣
˸ݣǲ͵ص˸
[]
ɽ֮ϣʮӰɢɢվһյУɹɽŵˡ
ΪЧʣø幫ƽѡˣصذԼеһ죬㵱ʽĲ¼ʽ
ȺֵúԡЩڱصõģǰվˣѾһڷھסգЩ˽⣻Դŵģǽġ
سǸ⡣
국ʹôվҲ̲סעۡ
⼸ܵɽ׵ģΪ
ɽ̨һã̸ϴͷ
֪ĵӣмҷڡӻһӣڷ룬һɺȻЯŰͨտĽ⣬ϳǱ桱
ӣǽˣԶԽ档
ֲͽܹʮˣʮ壬ϴһߵ٩һʾ濴ҿǼͲ
ֻƳһۣԵԽ岻ǶϷǿ־ᶨ߲ɣԼʮ֮һԽҲˡ
Ǻˣɽ˶࣬û״Ӱˣϴһӵࡣ
֪ΪҪͣý֮Уڽ࣬Խ˵ΪҲΪ
ʹˣҲǸ̾Щûɿõġ
ϾѧȻżߣ£һѵĴ
Щƽƽ棬ֻм츳ĵӣ
֪һǷʺԽΪޣӡ
硪
ĿڼʮһȦڱԵسϡ
۾һ̲סǰ
ϴˣʣôźʵˣ
룬Ƥҿΰɡ
Ҳʲġ򣬹һ˲ħ
Եˡ
ܿ죬Կʼˡ
ҲɣĴ¸պøϣλӽǾѡ
ǲֱӽȥŸѡˣԶԶš
ʯϵĹâʼ仯ɣҲ߽
ɫɫϰԼеʵ
ɫ״ǸʵطҪ
ɫľټâ˸ө𣬵ʣϧˡ
ɫɫˮ˫ศʲԼܽš

һԭس
濴ţɣģ㿴еǸСɾ
ɣζһЦҲ֪ǲǸӣҿʦõ۹ˡ
ݸ
ڡ˶СʦáⱾ飬ѾûʲôϸڵӡˣֻǵһЩ¡¡Ĵ棬ҶץͻơΪ֮
ΪǸʱŮϵĲ۲Ÿոտʼ
ԭʼʲôѾļȫȨиϵͳˡ
˿̣ߵʯǰָȥ
¼ĵӿһۣһ߼һسʻ
СպΧ
̨浭̾˿
Ȼɣǲ֪˵ʲôá
ǶˣһػʯȻȴ΢ȻԽ
ǰس˸֮ԱǣóĿǵҲʲô˶ܽڵģŶ~ԣۻǴ´ࡣ
⻰ǰŵӶˣɣЦŵʣҲطˡ
Ʒϲ֮ˡ
㱻˷̣سɫҲȻΨ۵׶һԲĻɬ
¼ĵӿһǳĵӣüسʱߣѡɽѡֻ⡭
ѡ¡
δǵ˵꣬سѡ
ɺƽȣƺûҡ֡
¼ĵӵ˵ͷٶȼ
󣬵ӵһ䡰λڴԵƬ̡ܿȥˡ
ټĺɽǰֻͥʣµɽĵӡ
ǲ˰ɣҪٲһԣ
ǸسԼһѵĸСӹȻҲڣһǡóȷسʵ⡣
ϡµλӱԭںѣҲǱܵһ
׳ƣˡ
Ϊԭһʴˡ
سиֳֻ밧ʹλδͺͿѣҲѾˡϵͳʱذǾȡ
ΣԭϾŮģߵľ˵òûкϸ˵Ůʼ˽ʱѾ¶âˡ
ȻֻǸŵӣô
еġ˵سʼΪѹƣںһʱŵӣԵɺϴõԽʶʽšϵͳ
ͳ
ֲֺ̾Ůյĵѡ
ʱѹƣûʲôӡˡ
ⲻ󣬷¡
ֻ˼һ˲ܿͽԺԭǰʲôϵ޹ϸãֻҪסʣµľͺðˡ
ΪѾûʲôÿˣĵ·Ҳµòࣺĥһʱ䣬ܾڻ۳֮ѹƣչʣת׵Ĵ׼زġ
ɣʦ㣬߰ɡתͷ˵
ȵȣ㲻׼ʦ𣿡ɣһȣ·ܲƵġ
ʲôʦܡƵתͷȥַѾǰʼˡ
سǱ˼仰Ȼ󡭡лࡣ
һ
ɣ⣬ƷŽһֱ㣬Щ졣ңʦܿźǿסǷѣֻҪƷԿɿܳ¡
ˡܳ£ܳɴ¡ڶ̶󱻹ԡ֮ɲ콵ô
ȵȡ
ȻòǰڳΪƷŵӣʦܣǱڻҳѹĽ׶Ρ
ҪǸڻҰɣ
ԲС
ʼ˼ǰƺֻ·һ飬Ϊĵʯ飬衣
еţİ·ˡ
ʦãʲôأɣʵ
ûʲôЦЦЦҪҪҲŮϷݣմ߾Ҫ飬㶼
ԡǾ򽻵İõʦŹϵͺá
ɲǼ䣬Ժиֳܿһٰʮַ
ʦܵʦأֲң˵һȥʲôѾҺ˽ڡղŲû뵽Ʒְڶ࣬عϡˣ˳ҲѼ档
뵽⣬һ䡰ȻƳؽջδɹ뿪
õʱ䲻࡭̫뿪һ֪Ĵôˡ
һ·ɱȥЩֹѪҩȥϴ޶˰ֹʹ׵ĲݣȥƾӶ˼ڻصɽƳء
˿ϼˮ棬ɫۣڸסˮµȫɫ߽۵ĹâŽǶʧĨζĺɫȻˡ
΢䣬æǰ鿴ֻһ㵹γһ͵ĳڣһǴӳȥġ
ӵأ
˳ųرѰҡ㲻ûֱӳߣԽѹԽ˿Գܣοι̵Ľ磬Ǿ·
Ȼڳر߷˺ۼЩֱͦέǱѹббص£ˮһ˿ĺɫ
ۼһֱߣԼʮ׺ڽĺɫ㡣
ֵѵļڣɫײ׷׵䣬ƯˮԲĽӡǴ㣬һһһһӾ̽
𣺡
ܺóԵӡ
ƺҲ̳ԵĶһ٣ҡʲôûһ
ףȻӵ㡣
򱻿еͺ˺ôһĽ飬µҲˣӦѭζġżæţҩĵط
˵òҰﶼԼҩԼβ
ȻѾҵˣҲܷδҿСȹ˼¶Ϊº͵Цݡ

Ĵͦǻؼҵˡ
Ƿ·һĴ㹴˹֣С졪
л˵
ַ¸»һ(ţ3)



ڶʮ 
Լһǰ, ħ֮λͻȻˡ
ħ糤ǧħͻȻţȡ֮һµòµħޡ
质
ºͶİ֣ħ˵һ̱, ħĻ֮, в֮ġ
ħûλ, ֻдλ
ÿһħ֮λ, Ǻܳһʱܵеǿ֣λԽãʵҲԽǿ
û뵽һ֪ħޣܴλǧ֮õħ
δ˼Ҳûʵ, Υ, ³Ҳա
أֲɲ⡭һĴʶ־ħ质, ˴иӿа
Ȼ˿̣λءֲɲħ𣬲С족һ
Լ, ǸλεĴв
𣺡С죬ֻͦɰ, Ժͽɡ
С죺
ɫӽӶˮ, ǳҩɢƷԶ׼
质ԭʱ뿪, ˶˵ʲô, ֻҪ˼û뵽, ĳܱ߾ȻŽ顣
ֻ滷ҩѵһãҪҲΪ̣綼ûӰȻڿ
ò˵ʱµԵ֮һ
质ҵӳ۵ףܱߵĴɫá
ʿѵһĺɫᷳ
ˣȵ˺úȥ
ƳһԻĳ质΢һβͣνȥ롣
һ£ԣֱǻλƵζ̲סЦһ󣬺ƿ顣
ɾ˰ɣ
Ц꣬һΪĴˮ·˻ظڼעˮǳԼ˿ڡ
ƺЧԭȻһһѪĿֻˣǸס
°ѸŵĲҩˮܵҩ޶һѽ飬ȫӵĸУѣС죬ԣԣЩ𣿲С
һС¿ɰʵĵģȴҲᣬʮϰٿŴȥ质ҵе¡
ĳִ󷽣ҲĬԼΪħȻⶫҵͷʹֶ٣ջǳܿɹҩһһʼ̳ԡ
𿴵⡣νҩֶõһ㣬͸ûжԣֱӵԣϻ
Ҳֻ˵˵ѡֵ󣬵ûҪˣԻǵ
ʼ˼ʲôΪݣ棿ʳ
ϡ
һ뵽ˡ
ϵͳļӹܡ
ķ֮ˡ
ЦеؿŴ㣬С죬ԣĺóԵġ
质װû֡ʵٹȣһֱԶҲûʲôν
ˮһ质ǰζЩҪǰĽ飬кȻƳһĨϤĺɫ岻ͣ
ǡƬ
质ĿؿеĶ
ͳǰؾ񵽵ۡ
˵ϵۺƬۺ񣬵ҪԱһ£԰塣
ϵͳ̽һƬۺǷͬһ֡
ϵͳһ£óۣǵġ
𿴴ºͣ㣬·𿴵һټľ۱衣
С찡ȹڶ۵ݵԴһԣȻԱȾ͸һˡ
Ҫú˲СЦţ͵ֱӣǳ
质񿴵һ£ЦҪ֪ħ𡭡㵥֪ħޣ¾ͻŵòѰɡ
Щνʿˡ
뵽⣬质𼸷ӡΪʲôƬƬʲôĿģ˵Ѿϳݣװɵֺ
ܡ质һ²⡣Ҳ˵˼οǰСʿʵ̫ôҲġ
ħв֪ԼʵǱҡǮˣķŵ˼֡

ڶա
峿𴲣ƾӼӹһЩϡԼǵøʱ糾ϺǰõһϺƤΪ׼ġ
ڹꡭӦûɣ
ȫûпܸԹڲƷľú׷׼ȥȪ۰Ѳ´̳һţӭͷײһʱûĴʦ֡

עģǸꡣ
šȻˡĸо
ʦֻ֡һ񣬺ܿ㷴Ӧǰȥ
νԭԷĿбӣʮ΢ۣûжΧչֳһ˿档
ж
֪ڼθ̾
ʦáƷŵӡ
һĻȡϢ
ϢƳء
Ϣڸ
Ҫ˵ƷĹ죬ɽˮƣţеһ֮еģֻм֮ң
ŲǳؽˮʱҲײˮĹӡ
˼ƷأνʤʽҲΪͬ˲ƳһֻһҲܹ˼Ҫ
ˣĻƽնæ񣬸ŹǰɻżŸ档
ӦҲáˡ
ʱ䣬ʦˡЦ괺ãǡϵ⼸աﲥһΪ˿Ͼ˼һߡɺϵǣҪƹܵǡƳظ
˵գʦ㣬ڡ
̧ͷӣǫسв֮ʦ̵
ò˵곤һ忡ףü۴ż䵭£һעʿڻδȫҲѾóպòˡ
Ȼ˼ʦ֣Ҵ
ԷЦŵͷüչոڣܶ»δѧϰʱѡ
ãԺвģʱҡһ£˵
ãԼ˵⻰ȫǳڿ϶Ǹˡ
ԭУе·ϡ
ȻĻֻһףԱ𾴣ȫȻûΪµӵѻǡ
Σôһӹ¾ֻӡ
ڱƤ¡䡱һѱôڵĶ
жǸʹѶ̩Ȼ֮ˣħĵһսʮһս߷壬ɽ۵ĴʯͷžµüëҲûһ¡
Уǻᱻʯͷĵù
УƳ봺Ҳʼæˣһ˲㣬سʦܰæǡֲ
سҲʮֹ˳ƾʦǲ
Ĭһ£ԭӾ벻Ĳ
ʱˣֻʣˡ
ͷĿǰֻʮ峿΢Ϊ˫һůɫԭô䵭δȴͦΣصһǡŲٲĲҲƷͳһŵӷԵø䡣
зͷïܣûͺͷΣ
ԣǸСӵʲôأ
л˵
鱩ҵħһӾʹҵͷ͡


ڶʮ 
ʦ㣿
Щ, ΢̧ͷڵ͸һĨͲĳȡ
ʦܡЦеػӦһ˲֮䣬Ҳ뿪, νвҲɽǰ·ͷȻֱ, ֻҪڵĹϵ㽩, ӡ, ԺԶ뼴ɡ
ϾԺҪŵģͷأѧŵйӴ
뵽⣬飺Щɣ, ҲƷҪصĹء
˵ͷ, ûа顣
һ߸̾ԼгһվȻʹһߴƷ嶥˵ء
Ƴعʮ̶أǵһ, ҲΨһʺϡĵطָΧҩ
µĽһһռݷΧ˺ôһȦ±ߵѣֻţѾرߵ
ջļ, ҰīɷĿ
ѡ
ѣ
һֱȽټҩ, 󡣡֪ûӴκ, ϸĽѿˡʿ˵, ʱ, 
ӽóһ, ֻ͸ժͺáˣ;˽ȥæȥɡ
سӹۼطϲֲںۼ룬Ȼһ˵֡
ˣͨũ֮ңӼͰ£ǴҼһ֪Ķºӡ
һߣ縲˫ýֻΪһũƽƽһӡ
ũµسĿƶڴƬϣЩҲ˰ɣҪЩҲ𣿡
䲻ʶЩֲȴҲ֪ﶼйͬĵطǹʵۿɼģ÷ֱ档
ЩͲˡҡҡͷ׼Եģڻָ˿ڡ
سǵ˵ͷûаϻȥˡ
ĿسԶȥ̲ס̾˿ذԸο鷳ͷԣԭƳиֵĵ治
κΡС
ܵ˼ҵǰ;Ѿʼӽ﷭Լ֮ǰ飬ŵʲôʱϰٽһĿϽ̡

ͻȻ䣬һˮæѭȥֻ˶ˮ˦Ŀֱس
سӦ죬˺üֻմЩˮ
ǲԼͬпһĨӰӻ³ˮ׸ۡ
㡭
룬سڵλá
ȵ˸ǰһ꣬ԷʶѲĿսûˮУϸĵľٶĵøС
û°ɣ
ûСسҡҡͷлһãȻ
ٶȿƳأ֪ô¡СɣﶼԸԼ
С죿ǡ㣿سգգۣ˲ȷ
ǰʣôˣ
سһµҴδ֮㣬ҹªˡ
ЦЦӳ濴ȷʵ˶Ϊ׳ۡ
Ҳû뵽ķӦôǿңڻ˷ʱȴ¶ǰˡ
ʧߡ
ãڵֻǸɽˡӰ첻
ǣø⵭侲ĿǵСƳιĴرףҧˣû¼ǵԶЩ
سԹԵͷԶһķժȥˡ
ıӰԶͷһת첽ܵߡڸĴ״̬ո˦ôһ£˿˺ѿɣ
ʲôʲôѴˮﹴζʱؿǵ˿ֿʼѪ

ͷۣǽ鲻Чˣҩ豸
ڵóȥһˡ
ͷʣµĽ龡ˮУԴ׻׻̵ͦоӦûΣ˰ɣǲپ˶ˣȻ˿ڸѺá
дһһϣ۾Բƽ֪ûЩ
һ룬Ӱ
ûע⵽ڿسһĿһݣٴˮȥ˲䲻Ӱ
𱻴Īľٶò֪룬ɻĽŲȻʶʲôһСġֶû˵ֻüԶһ¡

һˮˮӳｦһƬȸղŻҪ׳ۡ
سξûôˣͷ˸͸ʪһ㶵վԭءҲٱһ㣬޽ǵͷҲʪ˴롣
ĳˮʹͷڷڣӸףӨ͸ˮŨܵĽëϻ䣬ձȻ糺ӦȤȴҲЩǱ
质ˮŰϵŮ˼һ˲Լǲǲô
سʱĿֱʮˡ
˿ֻ̣ƷĵӷӲ͸ʪҲֻɫûгεΡ
޼ͷ۵תͷԭʦܣûŵɣ
سĿܿӲ˲ûһ˿һļ󣬡ûУʦ㡣ͣһ£ǰ㻧ҵҲͨ£ûϵġ

سôһ£ûֵֹġ
ʶд㣬ͻȻĨӰٴβˡ
ʦܣ㿪æس
Ȼ䣬ˮĳθ׸ͣ״⵶
ѵسոյĻ
޷һ㽻ֻܸسζȥˣ밶кüԶ
㻹ԶɣС¡Ǵˡ
سɫȻƽʹʪġɤ³ʵܣţӦòôҡ
ĬȻȻҲˣһλɺϣĿû
һ㡭ܺԭг
ܰ
ƫ㲻ϲİˣϾҰִʱͨ˾ԡ
ˮ֮£质˵ĶԻȫڶУ÷Ц
˵˵Ƿ.޴֡ãܺá
质ʱЩۣöʹ˿Ҳһһģжȥžͷ
ۼַ˰׶Ƥ۵òѡȹǾԱ߸ϣ˲ЬȽˮڰ׷ϧ
质ûϵⷬٶжʱһɲ
˵۹⼫׼ħޱﲻһӣ˵û˻Ϊһɵ롭οڲǸŷɥԸ׵ħֻһ㡣
质ĬƬ̣عַ΢ͷʿαöˣþͻ¶ԭĿ
㡭Ůıûа١
Ȼˡ
㷭Ƥͬ۱©˸ǧĲƸʧ¶òʵ
ʹ޷
Ѵһ˫˳ְͷβһ顣
ûе۰ûеۡ
质ع˳Ҫ֪˸ҶǾԲҪˡ
ȻûиܵŮһ˿һĵ⡣
꣬ʧطûڰˣָ˵㾫ûһᡣ
ٶԴԶЩɱˡҡǮ۱裬
质泩Ҳϵ˦˦β͡

ʱ䣬سѳȫ꣬ȵ磬ûپʲôľҪˡ
Ȼ˽ȥʣµʱȫĴϡ
ҩӲݳ̳ˮĿ֦Ҷֹ۲״żȻһתִۣ߿
£ȻԼӦһԵĴ㣬δʳ￾ˡ
С졣˫ϥζԸոǸѺһ㣬Ժ˵ءôףǲΪ죿ҿԶιι㡣
䣬βˮ쳹˶ϣûֻһϸСˮ
ĨɫȴǺܿ䵭ʧˡ
̲סһЦˮζıӰʮƯΪ΢΢бţʵЩЦ

л˵
𣺡ԭ˵˲˵Ļ㲻ɣ
质öЦ



ڶʮ 
ڶ, Ƴصһأȴû˱ĸ硣
ˡ
߳ƽһĳ̨ϣһͦεӰֱվ, ƺʲô
˽Ųǰ, ƽġЩ
Źʮ, , ˼ȡԶʹ
ϵġⱳŹ棿
ѻﱧŵԱһӣߵߣ걳񣬳һĲŷ
ʦ㡣Էæת
ôƳеһ, ɻոձߵôֻˡ
ʦǽ޷˼, ܷٴգòУҿ԰ʦܶ, ֻۻܽҡ
Ȼǰ˴֣æðѸɽĵӸϵˣû˼µ˵⻰Ρ
¶ҲǴֲ, Ҫǻ˼еġžҪϺڻŵľˡ
˵ͷ˳һ֪, û뵽ɽ, ˳ֿ֮ģ֪ץʱ䱳ŹµѾˡ
سü۵ʹ, ú, ΪһϸߡŹ桭ȴѧЩ
˵ڡɽ֮, ʦѯʹŵܷɾͣЩгɡԷشŵиΪߣҲûģƩ𣺶̶ΪѾﵽڣ˲֪ÿմصķæгУ޼Ŀ⾪ٶȡ
ǿǰѧϰαǿ
֪룬ֻس˵ֻǷݣ֪׷ˣΪ츳
ͷһͨã־һ꣬һɾ͡
سȴЩüͷջǰָһ뷨˻ȥ
죬죬ʺϿڡ
سȹ۲һģԼѧϰһ
ʱ̫ѾȫɢʼĻɵˮӳĵü
׼ܹܵЩǰʹõ˿īܻǳʵüʮϰ꣬ΧľĶ࣬ˮʱܻÿ¶ҪһΡ
Ǹˡ
ָ¶Ĳ֣Աµðĳˮڵ
ʼ˼Ӧɸسʲô
ȥ룬ʽĹܵɹسעسϸ۲죬ʲô
ܣҪˮ
ٲҪ̫㣬ҲΪװܺջ£صˮʴӡиߡܿˡߡȺĻԾҲ롣
½һ¹˹ܣǷǳʵԭϣԼؽ滻ԡ
سƽ¶ֿȻڲΪһڣİ취Ҳó
𸽺ͣԡڡ
Ҫ͵
֮ǰҪȥι㡣
糿ʱԶԶ㷢˴궯سʼ̸
Ĩ޵ĺɫˮζ궯ѡͣλãβˮ죬һҪ
ôԭɵʧЦǵдʲôСᷳʡ
գسһ£ιٴȥط
˵꣬ȥŽҩ޶˼ӣСӵ°ϣȦŴĸȥ
С죡˵طȻ֡
ûһĨɫԵζԲ۾ֱ
һԲĽ飬ˮͶȥС죬緹ˡ
У质ⲻ˳ĵ֣ͷԽס˲ֱ³һѪ
Уֻǿ˼£³һɺѪ
Ŀɿڴ
ܿ죬еѪ˿ɢȥλƵǰƮˮϵĽ̳ԵˣղѪһĻֻǴ
оɣˮ̽Ͷ˼Ž顣
Ҳ˳ϵؽ̵ɴˮΣ·ѯûС
ȴЩ̫ιˡ
ʵϣǿѪ质Ծ˲٣ҲԻָЩ
ɵˣħζãҲ޷޲ûо쵽κλָļ
ףױǡ
质ĿؿԶߵӰ۵׸һĨɲĻɫ
޷Լ֣ô赶ɱأ
质תƣ䵽ǰŮϡ
׾١ֻҪħȾǰŮ˼ΪãϵǸӦܱ
˼ת˲ţ质һ̱ͷ
Ҳ˵˵ڵļǿ߿⡭ƾŮΣòɡ
质ʱ벻Щ޵ߡıҪɣԸڵգˮﴵ˸ݣȴ˽ɱ
ͬʱ°ϵӣ軷ܡ
оһɷǳǳѺõ⡣
һ̣ǹëȻĸоѾʧӰˡ
־ع۲˰ΣսǱҰ޶һĸоڸ԰и߽޷ƢǲСܳˡ
质ķӦ֪ͬʱ̲ס²Ϊ
һŵӡĸ֪
ٹ۲һʱŮȹմĻҳصسߡ
ʦ㡣سס
¶һ׺͵΢ЦҪһ飬է֪Կűá
ȷ룬ҲǰָʹԭοƽҲһģδҲֻ˸ලȫĴˡ
϶¸
ָֻˮ¶һӰӵ˿īӳ˳ˮڣ󲿷ֶˮʵһ˶֡ÿһ߾һ˿ףﾭҶˮݣҽҪģǰﶼ
سһУÿһ߾һˮϷӿȻ˿ˡ
ܿ˿ûпһĶӡ滧ҵͬǲʣ밶ôԶ
򵥡˳ּ֧ڰߵͣܵһߡ
ͲܵˮУһֻҲ䵽ϡ
ܱȵ³˼֣ˮλεÿһ¶дʧΣգسʶϢ
һ룬˾㵵鷢ˡֻΧˮʼᣬѩ׵ı֮˳죬ֱܵγһı
ţһֻҲϣ͵㵽ĵطҲ̳ɱƽء
ڰûֱ𡣡ͷس˵˳ֽһס䵽ϺִӽͳһһѳŹ˿׿ʼٿץץ
سȻ۵Ǳѩ⡣
ͨ˼˿ףͻȻسʣʦǱ
ԡͣеĶֱ꣬Ҽǵǻ
سͷ
ֹĿģͼҲ͸˳ˮ飬ӵл˺ܶ࣬Ҳֻ࣬Ҫȥ󷭷潲йػ鼮ʤ
سĬĬ£ֵȰѽĻˣûҪġ
ǡоسһ£ҹѾȫˣֻǻкܶ಻׵ĵط
𣺡
оÿӽﶼеĻרŽȻ飬ȫĹǧ֣ɬѶֿڣԼҲǺķ˼𱳹ġ
Ȼһҹ֮䡭
˶񣬡в׵ĵطµӶҪƽյ⡭˵˵ﲻף
ϡǵãʼк񲢲˳
塣س̧䵽Լλã΢΢Ҹܲд
ԣĬ˼һ£˵ŵġδӴĵӴ󲿷λöҲ׼Ҳн൱ˡһǧ͡
˵ڲܷŲɡ
ڣֱ˵дֹٷ֪Ӧʲôܡ츳֪Ӧֻǰ޷⡣
õµŵģĥ죬ˡ
س˵ͷδĻɡ
س£ϸ̽˸ࡣ
أüͷɫҲһȥ
ĵﴦӦһ۳εġɢҵ˿״ں޹ɵζš
Ҫʲôˡ
ֲˡ
л˵
Ҽǵǻ
س
𣺺ãԿ(



ڶʮ 
û, һصܾˡ
һʰŶһϵͳŷ̽
һֽƣǷӡһࡣ
Ҫ, ͻ, һ
, ½ͬʵˡ
ôģȻʡ
ûодϵͳ˷, һλ˰ͻ˽ƣʱûʶ֪š
ϵͳȻֹʣҪĹ𣿡
ôܣǱ¡
ĵЦһ, ϵͳֿʼֹ߶ˡ
سڵķ, ר־жĿһҳҳţٶ֮, զࡣ
ôѧϰûһֿܣͻأ
ָ⣬˼Ծطӿ
˵ڣܾòĵӶõһ, ҩǿȵͻƣߣҩ֪ûиá
ʰ궫, Ҳͣ˼, Զδ֪ѡ񣬵»кܶ๤
Соسǰ, ʦ, ȥ, ֱӸͺá
س鱾أ
óﺬżڴ
ﱳɡسƺ£ֻϧֻǸŵӵòʦ̻壬ָϴæϸ½̵ʦʦ㶼ûС
ԣԼһ
ȷԼȶЩ֪ʶģɵʧɫʱֶپЩס
һԼǲѹǸʦأ
ԲǲҪ
˿ҲãСҪҧ㡣һ𣬱һɡ
ȴû룬鿨档
ֻѩ׸߰ɺչᣬس׾ҪȴһδαһӶûС
Ļ棬̿ʦܣѲϲ
سҲãȻֻһѸũҲŵɫȻ죬Ҳһ㺹
Ҳ֪
Σ˵ʮ߳ش϶·ߣҶͣ׸ʡʱʡһȻ龰
˼ȥֻܻˡ
سƽɫ˼ֵӦòŵǴӽһڣڿﴵ졣
Ƴ飬ֻáһһźڰ׽֯ġ̺ӡӵһȻԾա
ͬʱڳз质һȫȻû뵽жˮû뵽ⶫƺͷԼԱߣȴһֱûз֡
̫Σˡ
质ڵɲֶ˼֪
ٳġ̺ӡڿһӰƮƮζΧת˺üȦ
ûζ
ֻ̺һˮֺλõڿ࣬ȫ
Сڡָ̺ӣϸβʹڼ羱һܣɿ
ֻǰȪ̳һʼӽΪƽĵڰ˳ڰ˳װ˸㡢ʺ˶ĵһءѽӽףƽյΪһٺò
ڼ䣬ʱϤ֮ҲһѵϡѪҺֻ̡Ѿýʹճˣżһ¡
СڡȻﲻ˺ףɡıسЦҲԵȥسͷһ¡
سǲ⡣
㡭ɣ
ţ뿪ˮһաڡѪҺ̡ãֻӵ˿Ըõڿк
ʹ£Сڻ䵽˫ϥλãʾıϡ
οҲȥ´࣬ţڡ
Сڣ֡Դȵع˳ˡ
سϣٳıҲβס۵׵ĺ档Сĵһĵط壬һĴС
سı΢رˣɵʵڴ֪
𿴳ĲȻЦЦ£ȥɽףڵĵڶգ˽뷲䲻֮ͬˡ
س˵ͷһͬǰһص㡣
ⲻ֪ߺ质ӳðͷ
ĿЩӣȫû뵽һͨŵӾʹø߽׵ĸ֮
ʹǳĶܸıǵϰԡ
ھʲô֪£
ؿڳϵʹʹ质겻ͣΧٷҲƶȫãҷ˼ֻһ¡
ȻһƬõͬһ֣
ŮˣͲ

ھųء
϶µеúܿ죬еھųʱ׼õ˳
ϺõĿϺõҩ
㡣
ͬǰеϡ֣ϵͳϡ˹»òҪ̫ûУʣνġ
ѪϿ֤ļֵжߡ
ֻ˹ȷʵҰĵһףҲЩ
ȴҲˡ
سڰϣԼݣЩ㣬׼СĻָ
Ϊ˲̫ۣиӰ˵ĳ࣬ǳǳڽʮɫ迪Եòôҫۡ
һͷһۣسֱ۾·һҪ˵
ƣʦлҪ˵
سҲнֱʦڴ˴÷ֻǳŴڼʱҲһЩܰæ
һ£û뵽֪ôǿٿһ顭ɤӵھų֮ϵضȽΣգӵھų𣬱û͵ˣȻҲҪ
ӡ֤ĻŻڿշתСڴ˿̽Ʈˮϣ״Ĵˮ棬ò֡
سĬؿˮ棬ã֪Щʲô
ٲĸԽµԽûʲôġأֻɨһۣ׼ʱȴȻʲôسЦӯӯ˵ʦܣǷҪæˡ
س¶ѯʵĿ⡣
䣬ϴҪϵĽֹڽճһˣֱӰѲϴȥˡ
ǵڡʮء
գسʮء
ʮأٽɽţǳɫأҲ滮ɹء
ֻʮȫصûֵֹĵƣ˸װ쳣˳ų񣬸
һδ龰سҲֳ־档
óſ׷ٷ£ְǶ˵ݸسȿˮ׵Ľ⣬קͿˡ
ֱӴӻֺõĸдʮַ㣬˺ܿҪ㾡̳ߣײϴˡ
½ʦ֡
ûϵʱ½ɣҪ֪ͨϴæµʱһյĲ϶ʱ䱣ա˵Ǽǣڲ
ʦá½ɴ˸кżͬϴŵӣĿ漴תسûǴĻʦܣ
سʦܡ΢˽һ£ϴ½ʦ֡
سһǰģ½Σʣôǵʦƹģ
ʦʦ㶼̫æˣʱʦܵˡε˵һʣ½ʦʱƳǡ
ǰ㡣½ָָŵãһʦûǺء
Ѷ˳ȥΪô磿
¾ˣǶҪǰ׼½ɵʱҲ˳һ
һЩϤĴʡ
ԭһװƣҪڵ㡭
ŵӵıԡ½ɽ͵ÿ궼һΣÿεʱڲɽУɵѾȹȥˡ
ԭˡл½ʦѡ˼صͷȴ½Կسв⡣
Ѳɡ·˽ɫܷĲ֮ͬ
ʦƹҲȥ͹ĵѧϰǲ̫½ǻлֹ
ȴû룬û˵꣬ˡ
ʦãʦܣ˺֣ٽƷŵӡ
½ʦ֡߷½ҲڣæҲòʺ֮˵Լ⡣
ǲǡ
֪ӽ绹˵æϾ˼ϾְҪȥʲôǳҪ
ЩϤģҪȥ崺ʵˣֻʦܿʣµˡĨ˰Ѻʵûа취ҲԸ۸ʦܡʣµֻͨˣʦӦӦ
Ȼô졭ǵôŸտʼ
⶯촽۵׳ڵʦ˵öԡݽΪ
ͿһòһȥʱӺꡢЧʼߣȸϢӣȴΪЧ̫߶ͣʱ΢ǡ
ûʱ͸ûһ¡
ת˻⣬ʦʲô
㵱ʱҲ죬Ҳ˳ؽƳع÷ǳ׵½ڵ
˻һسĿҲתƵϡ
˿ǡ
ƺȷʵû
ҲسǡԷĿײʱ顪԰
ʦȷʵӱܸɡĿڣܵ¡
ôˡ
˸½ҲҪ塣
ǰ¶ı飬µӣԴϴ岦ʦùʦܡס
𣺡
Ϊ㣬ʺµ𣿡̽ʡ
ǡ½򴽣Ҳ֪ô˵λʦ츳ӦΪأôͿʼҵ¡ǴεɽЩʦõ٩ĻΪʦÿͣԼ޵֮·Щͷۡ
֮ʦһҪúҪ¡
½ɿɫŮҲǳزһ¡
ϵӦǡ
£ôأ
صƳغһʱȥ˴㣬±ƣٴΰŵڵϡ
أ
л˵
ǵ֮ǰй⡣ʵⲻŵ磬˵ǵѦء
ֶѣΥΣյģǧǧ׶ƤŮݣ



ڶʮ 
̵ʱõĸƷ, ֮Ѿڰ߷˺ܾãҲ˲̦ʪ廬, ֱ, ЩʵҶ
Ըһ, ְֱס, ΢ǯһ¡
质
ôоһ仯ûС
ɴ˿ֲһЩĸյĴڡ
ûϵļ
ܵеĴֿʼҶʹžƬܱߵϸڣ԰׼ŷ۵İ͸, һʾͺܺá
ԣ
ȥԺеͼƬ, šüͷԴᣬС죬ǲǱ۸ˣ
质Ĭˡ
, ȫ˵
ȻҲ˵
ԵΪʲôŮ˲ܲ൱ģ˵Ůʿ󶼰ɾǰմһˮҲں, ֻŶ̤˽
ס
ڱ۸Цֻһ˲, ܽص㾡ɱ
ԡ质һ, ΪʲôɱԼΪħǿ
质ǰŮκԼ顣
ܿ, Ѵ˻ȥ
ڰϵ, Ѿʼ˼ôû, ʲôԭˡ
һ˵ܵšӦ»ˮߡռ̫С漸ųɡ
عˮУ质ذβ͡
֪֮ɣô׺õġ
ǿΥ£شΪǴ
ҲסǸˣΪӻ
质߳ܣûпسӰ˲٣Լڴ˾صףôġ
ˮٶƮ𼸸ߵѡ
Ħָ⣬们ƬĴлָȴûͨζ
νƷӶô
Ŀ⣬ظˮ̹˳˿δǰƹسо
ȻȻʲôͷϵ¨
质غЩ̽ضĶ
С~
ٶȾŰ߶£⽫¨бĶչʾ㿴¶һЦݡ
ϼ£Ů糺죬ƫòĵʢЦʵעĿ
质Ծضϰħ޴ڵĶ⣬̫ûԾɢ⣬һʱ֪ηӦ
ã质ſ¨
ʲôģǡ
¨УâʻԾţɢĳԺӡ
质Ȼ챦֪ϴ¨綼Ѱ㡣
ʹĿǰ质۾Ҳɵ΢΢ˡ
ڣѵóĶ
֪ǰ𺳣̽¨˼£óԵĵĶ档
质ٶȶŮƷ㱻棬˸ɫ㡣
֮˾
𣿡
Ȼι㣡
质ۼּһ˻Σݳ
̽ǰζŮֵס
ֱ˿̣质ҲЩ㶼ǶԷġ
ţУĴƺȫˣڶ忿
Ȼκﶼ޷赲
ӦЧðɣ֪ܲץסţһԴһףǱ׷Сľ
û뵽ǣֱԴˮӣһڽȥ
ͣڰա

ˮ˸ߵˮľͷƺΪ࣬ƽʱôѻ
˴ϸ΢ĸı䣬οϲȻԶͲõˡ
㹻࣬ÿһɡ
ûã¨㼸ûˣȴûһš
Щȣݹ͸ƽˮ棬ûһ©֮Ӱȫ˸ɾ
࿴˼۴ĶƤûô䣬Һ˿ڸ϶εضǸȻҪſˡ
ܳԡ
˵գƺƳһۡ
̾ţ¨ʣµ㾡Щء
ղ෴һҲȫûȤ
һ̵ĹСǶܵӰˡ
Ŵ㣬֮ȴԽ⣬ôԵʵڲֶֻҪúˣЩСҪж١
质ĬȻ
ִħ粻̤꣬Щν޵ߵĵؽ磬ҲܼǵƾУԿƣûսһš
ڣڲգѾʶΪ䱦Ľ顢ѡ㡭һصŵóһ˵Ҫж١
Ѳɡ֪ʱ򣬵ʿѾ֮ȡ֮޾ˣ
ԭε质޷֮ڿڣֻʰ궫ȥΪδʳô̲࣬ס˸ãˮðһݡ

Լûмس
ڵգ﹡Ͽ
ʱװһ¨㣬һ̧ͷһʯ֮
ﶼƳذţҲ⡣
һѸͷ£·ٵأڽһʽ
߽˿Էﻹдʡ
һȻڱġ
ܿ죬귢ǰһԷسʺãʦ㡣
֮λһ˿
ΧѲһȦûӰʣûͬһ𣿡
û뵽ôѹեһǰû
سĻ֮Уʦֶȥˣ¶Ҵ
һ˵仰öԷصرԹ̫࣬˵ڣҲͱһƽ
ڵͫʴһ⣬㿴ΪŵӵԱʧ⡣
˵ɽŵĵԼܽŵϣʵܻܺһӦ
سûа˼
Ӱӡ
̾Ҽĵڶδʧµӣһʦ㡱ɵ÷˼ԼǲǲϽ̫ˡ
ܿ죬ָæµ
ߴϾ֮⿴سǱߵ龰һͷɣרְְЧʺܸߣʱһƬӲݣһƬɺˡ
Ϣȥһ
سͷµʯͷԣǴϢ
ϢһҲãʡ̫ۡôţһֿ̧ۣӽͳһѽ
šһѽ
ȷϣسȷͳһѽһÿµӶ䱸ͨĽ
ʲô
طͷ£سĶ
ֻسģذγ彣ѹںƣҺλú󣬻
һ£¡ӵĽУȴ˵ı׼ѾѽġԺʽ˳Ҳһģһ
ʱسͣ
Ҳһ׽Ѿˡ
ֵͷʼרӦþô˰ɡһ̧ۣ꽫еĽһֻϣ
ִģ֡
һĻǡùļ䡪дسĹʵ֡
ƽҲһҲֻӽħĶԾĳԼǿϰߵһֻ֣ڳ˳ϡĿࡣ
ţسȻ˲֪ʱ͵͵ϰֽұøã֪ǿУ
֮װĺܳɹ
Ҳû뵽سȻʱѾʼΪδˡ
ţҲ̿డ
֪سú䤱ɫ͸һƬƬɫˮע⵽ͶĿ⣬һʱ֪룬Ŵͣ¶ѽ
ʦ㡣
պƸֳһ˿Ρ
û뵽ʦô˻ĽǲٷӦһĨƵ΢Ц֤Լֲ֧ڿѧ
ұȥԽ塣
˼ô뿪ʱسȻ˵ôһ䡣
𶨾ŷǰĿ
һαԼļ
֪θسܿܳɹŵӵݣŻԱֻÿοֻҪѧûʲôܵġٹµŵҲܲ롣˵ɼ죬ʤѡӡ
ˣҵʡسƽͻȻ˲
ΣҲֻʮ꣬Ŀ꣬־ڲ֪Լδжɾ͵£ܼѧϰ̿Ѿʮֿɹˡ
Ȼġشֵֻزŵӣûмˡ
ƳʽƵʱδ֮⣬ŵƽʱٳʱ䲻࣬ѵй۾ŵӡ
ȵȡ
Ȼ𣬼ȻѾԼͻˣΪʲôǰأ˵һ֮
ǡĽζǣֲ࣬
Ȼѧɣ
ʦܡʣȥ𣿡
سҡҡͷæڿûü
Цﵹмʺ飬Լһĵá˿ɫ㲻⣬ʱҰ齻㣬Σ
سȻӦ¡
Ϊ˲ܿ˽ǰأعһȦ˳˷紵ĸˡ
ֱʼҪ㲦سԼѸ򣬴Ӷͻƽƣָԭʡ
ȴû룬һصһأӭͷسԽص龰

βͳȥģ
ҪǸطȥģ
л˵
ħˣͰ͡



ڶʮ 
质εһΡ
, һģǰһýָţ˵
㲻䰮ء
Ҳε, ˡ
质ηԤıħ֮λʱ, Ҳ˱λľµǡ, ΪһŮ˶
һǺͺܶͬһŮˣ
ÿ, 质ɫ÷ǳʡﱻ̤ϵĸо̫ʵؿһ˿ʹϡ
ǷΣʰˣ޵֮ΣԤʾЩʲôġ
οͬһΡ
ִ꣬°Ů, Ȼһ
质֪, ĳԤס
ܣҲԴС
ŮòħǳȥѰҡóħҵ֮һķλ, һȴôҲҲ
质ŷξǷ˵Ķ˶, һо͸пܳΪʵ
ûзħȻĴѰš
֪˶, ɽĴ﷢س
ξǸģ, »ֻǸݵС
质ûʲôƽƴС, ħǿ߻, , ޵
ǣҹڷߣֱӰѶԷŪ
ʱʮʮֻնݳ֮󣬺֣׵Ĵׯγ˷ѱĽɫ֡
质ȼǵʱǱѪʹ̣վסͯ˯㣬ȫȻ֪ոӹһ١
סˣɱط
ɡ
质֪ԷΪαӣȴ֪ξȻ档صѾ˼ҵһԨֻΪˣҲħסԼ˵Ϣ
һ©ӭģǶħ֮λħ޵׷ɱ
Ԩգ֪˼أٺڵһŮ޵ͨ
质ƻ˺뿪ڣȥѰƽ֮ɱسȴû뵽ԷȻҲڵĵӡô
ֻϧʼжû˵Է뿪أΪʹ˴ʧˡ
˭뵽֮سٶȻصأһˡ
٣ʱ֣ʱ
Ūܲɱ˰ɡ
质س飬Էתǰʱ㸡ˮ棬һβͽ

سˮУϻͣɲǵľ㵡
质˵á
ʦܣ
һ质תŮŵسϡ
ƽյǺѴϼֱ顣
质ĵĪòʣЦһǱУ˳ֳسһβͣ³
һƬ
÷سߵλǡǵһʯ̨ʯڶ͹⻬һȥץʵĵطûС
ֻʣһ뷨
Ҫˣ粻Ӱɣ
ϵͳϵͳҲʮֺϵͳ޷ԭӰ졭ݹʷݣвת
߬ȭͷ
˵ζôмʳ֣һ
ǾȰɣ
Ϥصʯ̨һ̤ϣ˹ȥٳʱ䶼ûС
质ϴĽŲתһۣĵѾˣһ룬ĶȻԭء

ЬˮӴһ˲һӲʵıһɢ죬Ĳγһı
质Ѿ˲˼Ϊʲôһŵ˾տƿֻ֪ٲץسпܱԷߡ
ƳһԿʼϢݵ꣬ٶǱ
ꡣһ졣
ꡭ
Լֱǰ质ŷֲǴ
̫ˡˮʼ̡
质Ŀһ

һ̵ĹӰ͵ͷ֮࣬󣬽ǿʼıˮȫ忪ˡ
ݡ
质ͫ΢ոŮʱûж
ѵʲô
ˮϣ˴ģ·סĴ㣬غ˿
Ϳسĵ⣬Ȼ֪Եɣ־Ҳ֮С
ܱһȥΪڻ̫˰ɣ
ѹûѹ۸㣬һֱƱְ׷ȥˡ
ԴϵͳѪҺ̹ܣ𼸺ͷϳõĶȫѪ˸飬ɹ֮֮ȥ
Ϊ
ûã׷
质ˮпسֻصϣǿаű¶ĳ嶯
ܵˮѾζ
żڻʱ򡭡
质ѵذڶ˼βͣͣԭء
ϣһسǱǺȳüˮ
Һû¡΢˿سõȥ̳عҲҪˡ
ڸоΣҽʦʡ
޷سҡҡͷ
ǰȿȣͷ滧չ㣬ˮó϶غţ³ÿֶܴǻڵһɬ
ˮϵشīڵķ˿۽޵ʹ˫۾Ҳ򶨵ġ
Ŷ
̾
̾̾ǰıһ־
ǰ֪Сܴȴû뵽ôĻǸˮ棬Ĩɫͣԭ֪Żˣ֪Լˡ
Ѱ㣬Ӧûǡ
ΡһԼҳҧ˵ĸС
سʱ˹Ĩ˰ϵˮҡҡͷóȻģʦ
Σҵʣ㲻ڰϵţΪҪȥرߣ
سι㡣
ɨһۣż顣

ٴϧůĵʦ˭ܲοôͣǸٺò֡
鼫临ӣǺһܣռϷ硣̾˿ԺǱ𿿽ˡ
س˳Ӧǡ
ⳡǽˣҲڰѻ鵽;ûسģʽ֮ͨǰǽسϻȥ·
嶼ûɹ.已̥ܾ״һ
ܿ죬سˡ
Ҳóǰ׼õ鼮
ȥѹ˸ּ׵ĻϵҲһЩۼɬؼڻԶԶò֮
ΪҪģȻǹڡ顣
ȸЩ
Լʮ
ڵس˵ȱٺòķΪ൱ֹ۵ļʴʵͻơ
룬Ҳұ֤ڡˡԹ鿪ʼ֮ǰسܷԼһС
лʦ㡣س飬յһ˶ܿȲ
Цذ˰֣֮࣬ҲԼ
ѾԤ뵽һֲٶȽˡ

ͷбߵɫҲ
ʱ䣬ҲζŲƳˡ
سĦȭ׼ץ㡣
ǴӸӳлṥسģ²֪ӵȥˡ
ûӰ٣ôҲҪȶһ
뵽ϡеĴпǱͲɵøеһʹ
գųץ׷ڵؾҪٴչһ̤ȻŻûһƳһĨɫ
֪ʲôʱ򣬴ص˸ԹԵشˡ
Ϧ£Ĩ޵ĺɫö޶
ǲ㱾ӵеĶɫʣҲŰĹӰһЩġ
ٶ۵˼һ£֮Űһ
ǲʲôӰӣѪ
ܵǰŵع۲Ȼ֮ǰƺںת˿һһɵѪݵ÷׵ƤҲɴһɢЩ
ɡոñŵ˰ɡ
ǵģӳ质У质ȻЩơ
òҵǸˣȴֹڷˣ
Ц
质ŭЦɵ˿ٴηʹ
֪˶ʱȬƾԷ鵤ҩЧ
øЩѵ
ʱԼӣ质һϣһգƤһ
ǡ
л˵
ħʹ͸ԴУ<в>



ʮ 
΢΢
ۼһֱļϵĴ㷭˶Ƥ
ˣ
̽ȥ, ָⴥǱƬһ£ûʲôŤŤ, ˼֡
񡭡˶ˡ
Այڰ϶˺һ, Ŭʵ
ʱĿƺǰ׷, ûϵ, ôʶ˾ģҲռ۹Ѫ⣬֪ˡ
Ź֡
ʱģ֪ʱЧƣֲҺȻҪø졣
ķ𣿡
ϵͳϵֻΧ, ûҽƹܡ
أ
ֻܼĿ״̬, ҽϵͳϵͳûȨޡ

ã¶ʹ, ̾˿뿪ء
质תۣŰɫӰԶȥȻ֮Щ
˶ѡ
ϵڶЩòȻļһ, ¼״ƱҪˡ
质Ժʱ䲻ϸҩо, Աʵ̫, ƣβһ, ƳĲ
ɺܿ, ֻˡ
质лЩ, ȴһľٶûж
˫סͷ
ǰŮһź̾Ϣ
ȥʲôҩκ㡭ԷȻ̤ǳ̲Լմʪ½ȹڡ
质жʱζӳ£ȴǱеĶȫע⡣
С
۵׻һ⡣
֪СеţҲѴˡ
ŮΪһɽûŵӣմţ֪еģ
质ԴȤҪȴûԷſصϽĽңȥͳһ

ǻľסľ񡭡
Ҫʲô
质δôĹɻ󣬶ѾҺʯͷְľʯͷмˡ
С죬ʵҸϣܺúûȥţѹ˵ʯͷ֮䣬պÿ档
质߶ȴԲʲô˼
ֿڣ֪˵˭ɢʱѾˡҴѧһð취ֻҪ죬ٳ׷ɴܱ
质
质
λεв
ȻɢȻҪδ
质öǳʹһ¡
Ůʲô˼Ҫ
ȴͻȻʲôһƣһ˿϶ЧĶ
ʲô质̽ؿŮ֪Է϶кܶ಻Ϊ֪ܡ
Щصġӻͳӣ򿪺һ£Σϡ
质Щ͡
ʱѾһ֮㿴Ŵ㣺С죬㡣
ʲôʲôʱ
质Цһ£֧̾ˡ
ˡ
𿴵棬Ϊûáȷ̫صˣΪԣܲü
á
ûѹջȥôһǸȡ
ָ˻Ҳܷ뿪Ҳȥеļƻճ̡
ЩǱµٲϿȥһˣĻ

˵Ͼ͸ϣڶһ磬ɽˡ
֮ǰȥھųشϰ㡪йµĴţһ֮ǰˡ
Ҫ˵еĴŷʽʤţõǺעĿķɸ봫顣
ڴδƹմţֱý赲ħżԹеȻǺ⡣
ɽʱȻӴӸµɨɽӱԹ˺һ
ΧɴĶһȻԵõɽȥˡ
Դǰȥ˹һˣڶǰ
һŻڵķ
˾飬ֱ䵽ĿĵأûΧ˿Ļ˽ȥ
õͨҲǽ⿪һѧ⡣˿пײѧӵɱ̤˽ȥ
һУӳıˡ
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ȴǰյ¥ݴܿ˿Ӱﲻν¡
ջߣߵͬʱҲɨšֱС̯ǰƵĲã̯ȴһۿˡ
ʽĵ̯ˣ̯ߣһַǳұķ۷ʽ
ڹУΨӵһҵ̶̲ұĬЩλ㻪̵ģᱻΪĴϰ塣
ȷʵ˸öǰұصļ̳Ů͸岻ݴˡ
ʱ仹磬̫̯СûȥԼĵ̿һۡ
ܿ죬˵ط
Զһԭĵ˿˹ˣй½۵
̫ˣҺôϹ˿ˡ
ҿƷҲһ㡭
ЩУԺӿ
ѭ߽ȥȻһλŴܵĹ£ԷǰĿǸӡ
ǸֻǴӵ£ڵĻﶼǲۡ
еĻϡƷʣƷҲѾ˾ˣɲҽ
ԺĻѱˣٿˡҪ´νҶһ֪ͨ

˵̣װͨˣһ߹Χһ߾š
дһԼĹأۣͯһŵǧȫصǱԼıȡ˽
Ҳ֪׬˶ǮˡΪ˱鷳껹ûҪ󿴹˲
ô
Դŵ̴ľع̨
ȵ˲ûٸ˵ȴûڹлڷжô񡪡ʱ̤꣬żһ˲й¾ϳ
ǵĹˣ뼸λԵƬ̡
һԵĵľʱȻ˵
תͷ¶ԼԹű㳯
ҵ¥̸
ʶǼˣû˿ӵŭ⣬һԵȴ
е̵Ĺ͡λȻܸ߰
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ˡ
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ͷҾͿżɽˡΣɻ˳󼸺Σ
Ҳһش𣺡⼫ãṩĻ﹩ӦƷʺõģ类ˣвһءԹߺȥп۳Ķ֣Ͻǧ˿ʯһ˼ǡ
Ӵ֣ۣǲԾ
ܺã𡣡
ʲô˵ûף
ҵ˼ǡһ񣬡Щ͡
ҺллµĳͶ˾ֱӷţйĸõѾԭȶˡ棬ȴǳ죬ٹ꣬ұȥְϼҡ
⻰ɲ˵
죬ѻ𴦣¥˵ԺӣѾҪĳˣ
ϴʱԺúܣҪ°æݸӣʱֱƳصˮŻ㡣
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ȴûһﵹң˾ǰЩ˵ʹǷ±ӣ
ӣûϵ˾ܼǵԼ֮Լ⣬
ֽпеĵ̣ǳаֻҪЩ±ȳָ
ʯ
ǶǼǰļˣҵˡҡҡͷ񰡣ʯ
𣺡
ǹУͨô
Ǯţ
л˵
𣺼()

·еͻȻסԺΪԤ״̬ãʡ壬Ӧò(TT) Сɰǵһ
˾˵״̬ã
PSӣ



ʮһ 
˵, ֲǰֻһǧʯǼˡ
ȱǧʯȱм
𲻽üͷ
Ҫ˵׬, Ҳ㹻, ޷֤Ҳһ׬Ǯ, ϡлԴԽ, ԽעĿʱٱ˶ϡ
ֻ˵Լ⣬Ҳû˵ܲڱ⡭
پЩ鷳
··𿴳£̫౻˵ԽµӶγˣȡ𡣡
ȵؿһ, ԭҲж
´ͷһ, ʵ˾һֱټһ档
ңʲô£
¼䣬ƺǺܾ֮ǰ, ˾˵ѧ̸һ
ʱһͬ⡣
ҴӱϿģûʲôĵ, ˾ڰŪЦЦ, ֪ʲôҩӣЧԽԽá
˾ΪƵ̾һ, תͷ˳ҩĻȥˣҩֶ, ЧԽҩ, ҩԽ, ҩҲܲס
ȷʵˡֻµҩҶùˣް취
Ŷд¡ʲôɣ
һ䣿
Ҳֻǲ²⡣Ƿ㣬ﲻ罫ֱӴҩҲʡʱʡ
ǲ㣬šֹ
ǱҶˡҩ̣ϱСҽרƵ鵤ҩߵ̯һźڵ׺ѣӣǴϡŹֵҲ׶ҩģܶԹá
ߡ֪ˡͷȥæȥһȦٿԺӽˡ
±ֻص¥£Ǽ̸
µĻ¥ֱϱߡ
һ·ԽǿĵĵԽԽԵԽңȵϣֱβ¥Ҫ
ɼеͬУһдšҽֵİײᦡ
ǰײбŲڴӰѺֽͱˣǺòײ̽ͷܱõİǽש˵ǡҲΪ
̫찲ķΧвɵñ˼֡
ҽݣôһ˶ûУ
룬Ǿ£ǰߵߵţã洫һ˻Ƶģɡ
ǵƳ˴ǰ³һ
Ц⣬ɫصƿǰϾȴľţ֨֨ŤŤһӳģһȫĺӰ
ݡ
˥ϡ

ֻҵǰˡ
ֻ̤żһ˲ֱŨϢҩζ޹˳ˡ
űֱԣԺȴӡŸղſĳ
խǽǾҩޡݵӰڽ䣬ڵ·ͷֻ¶һ˫ϻǵۡص·ûн¶ֱۡ
С۲ƣᣬֱֱӡΪĿģһ˶ֿɲĴ̡
ҽĪ
һĳƺ
û뵽ȫû뵽Ů֮ǰڹı඾Ҳû⡭
𾪺֮࣬Ҳʼ
Ī˵ֻûβõĲ֢ͨҲ롣ƽΪ徻Ϳܱʵõҩӡ
ΪԸΪ֪ҽݲź˸̤㡣
ǲ
Ψһ뿪Ļᡣ
ûãͻȻ˵ˡ
ҽá˵
ֻӲͷƤȥһǺȡ
š˵
𱳶ţ仺ϣ̲ס̧һֻ֣
˿ĶζغЦһ
˶ȴֹ˴ӱðļƤ
ǰٰ㲻ԸĪϵģҪﶼм˽⣬ҲԤⲻԷһ塣
οĴϵͳԾ黹ûʲôá
ǣһġϵͳίǰæ鶼
Īҽʦ
Ŷϵң
Ƶѱ棬Ҫϸ˵ʲô
֪ԭ
Ҳԭ
ҽĪԭӦǸһӡ
ֻʴ֮
¶ƽһ޶ЦżɽĪҽʦҩ
Ц㲻ġĪֱôһ䡣
һ죬뷭ۣ˼ֱò⣬Ե΢Цĳӹϵ
£òͷ
ȥЦ⣬Ȼǳĵġ
ӣǿӦݵҩζ
ĪһѵҴĥ÷
ؿŵϵӳӰӣʣʲô˭Ρ
˵꣬һԼĶϡ
ճŧˮʼ˳ֱʡ
𿴵ƤһʲôëͱԼ
ǿٴòϵ˿ڣǡһ㡣
ĪСĶһͣĿ𣬡⵱βģ
ɫ˵껹ѵһġ
ޱˡ
Ƥһ·и󲡵Ը˸һ˽⣬͵ιĽ֪ιˣδϣʵ֣þ취ûЧι˽ǡ˴ǰУЩЧҩġ
СĪۣǶ˵ǲš
ĬҰţҼҡӼᶨػ΢Ц
Īû׷⣬ʵ˶ˣ
𣺡ա֮ǰƾѾˡ
޵壿Ըάһôãι飿Ī˻ƵѹȸУǿѵõҩԭϡ
ˡЩر

ĬȻ̬ȡԸλǲԸΣ
ûʣĪִһƿƿ޹﷭ң֮һƴƿ
š׹
һѽס漴Щ£ĪǰͻȻǽӲסǺã
˫ǵ΢УӲס͸Ǯˡ
û
򲻴Īֵһ䡣
Ŵƿָ̬ѱЩ
ĪҩһԸ£Ҳͺˡǡ
û˵ʲôֻһ䣺ҲҪʯҪ顣

飬ҪҩĪظһ顣
˵æӦûϣɷĪǰ޼գ
Īͷذ˰֣˵Գȥˡ
С˳ȥٹǰڴһ£ظ
ˡ
𳹵˿̶һʱ䣬оʮѰ
ĻƴƿԼƴСһΣ̱ǵҩֱͷһԼжʮҩ
ζġҪôιҩˡ
һ룬ൽҪõĽ飬һƿҽҩ׬⡣
´ɴˡ
ҩƿ෴ıȥ
һ·ϣҲ˲ҩĵС̯λϵͳһ۾ͿЩƷʵҩûﵽʹõżͣ½Ų
ֱ
⵽ǰϡҩģƷʼߡ
ѭϵͳʾķȥȺ֮УиȺСվš
ôСһ׾ţ
л˵
Ǵ(*/أ*)
ͻȻִǶʱorz



ʮ 
һ׾ŵˡ
, ۷绹˽磬˵ͻأˡ
·Ǻڵ׺ƣ°úɫ, ˵Ǹϡҩĵһ¡
Ӧ
վԷһֵĵط, ˴߹, ĵСһȦ
˶, ȥȻ󡪡̧ͷ
λϰ壬̯ʲôģ
̽ش˸кȴԷҶ˶ԴǴķġ
ְ
ǳ鶯Ȼܸ, ҲС, ôж
Դֱקק˵ӣء
Ŷ~ѽ˵ƢƺܺãקҲ, ذͷһͣһ˫۾Цġ
ۣŷ˫۾ɫģ۰ʪ޹, ´۽ǣе񡭡
С
һ̧, ȻֶԷñ¶һë׵Ķ
è治, ΨһԿ϶ģ޵ݡ
ֲô, ϶Ǹȳġ
ֲɫƨɺ濴һ, ټް޶ǴԴɽˮɾε, ĶǸúܾ
ͨһ̬ظղŵ⣬ϰ壬ڶЩʲô
Ҹ㿴ܵԼ̯λ԰һ̺һһ͸¶ܿ֡
²ȻҴţͱ̺µĶߡ
Ө͸⣬ۿɼ
ֹһȫ
ĬȻ
ֲòҴţڹӵĵطöһʱĳЩ͵Ʋ¶
˿ʼ߶߶Щ죺Ҷ͵ģһҿԵһЩҲ޷
ûĻȫעнһһϡ
β¶ˡ
ˣˣ
˼ջĿ⣬ǰС̯ûб򲻵ҩ
ҩ
ͷ֪ǲǽǶԭ˫ɫ۾һǳĽ⣬ʹ޹ˣ˭𣿡
һۣûлش
Цۣѽһʣð˱֣
գգۣʵϣˡôĪרҵҽʦһǸβӲô죿
Ǿֱһˡ
Ǽˡ˼ţصãĪ˵ġԵϡ
ӡ
ҵܵܰɣƢôҪϷ߷ǲˤʯ˵ؿڡԽԽ˳ɲ֪ôϺõĽҩá
ɲƢĴ㣬ǲ֪ôԼ˰ˡ
~˵˵ͷִ̯һãҽվʹһ˵ĲҩΪ˫ݡ
˵꣬СؿһۣûʲôӦ¶Цݡ
ֲݿֱ÷ˮ󣬺°ˮٰҩĨ˿ڴǡϼңܴɼǵ˿ڶܲͺá
ӹ˫ݲݣɵؿһۡ
ϼҶʲôˣô׺ܻܼͷ
ԼʮĲҩò˵ҩƯù죬ɫȥõģõġ
һֺܴߡ
ôҽɡ
ҹ۹ԵֻҪʮʯͺáָЦòá
Ŷ𻺻ѶŻȥңˡ
Ȼɵ۵ӡ
³ճҩڹоͨǶʯϡ
Ըô͵ļ۸ƷĪı
˵Ŀ衣
˻ڲԵץԴʮʯҲʣҪʮ飿
ʮ飿
˿飿
飿
飿
ɽƽְҩб˲ռ˵
ãá˴㶵ؿֱﱻʯ
㡭Ҫٿ𣿡Żعס֡
ˡҡͷ´ٿɡ
˵꣬תҪߣȴֱץס
ͷһƳһ֣¶ͦɰΣǹʲôʱ
һۣɻǻش»
ม˹ԹԵͷһ䣺´ٶ˫ݲݣҪǾúʹð
Ӧһôˡ
̯λϵժ¶ñ¶һͷ΢ĻɫͷлмȾİɫ
ΪĿģԵͷ˫ȮĶ䡣
԰
Գһ֣ͷָ⣬΢΢鶯
ȥ˸ղŵЦ⣬ɫĿЩ
ոǹϡƺħζ

ٽ¥Ϳһ˾ۼ¥ǰʲô
Ϊϰ⣬Ĵչȥ
Ҳû¥˵ģ
ӣ˭
ȻУ˾˶˰æţǱҪ𣿡
Ҳǡ׿겻ˣ¥ĻƷû˵
ǿɲ˵ûɵĴҪ汦ǰѰңȻҲңȴ̶ڹе¥һˡ
Ŷ֪ϲϵĶҩЧϡŹֵġ
ǹֲˣ¥㶼УҪңҲԸҲϡ
ԵͷԴṩĻԴƷ죬ɹۣȥȷʵвɵĸⶩдżڲ뱩¶ݣÿ´¥ݻӦ
ЩΪʲô⡭
̧ͷ˿¥ϣҲûʲô쳣Ѱһ˽ȥ
Ⱥڼո˾˽ȥǶˣ
˼٣ۿġ
˹ˣѲ¶ˡ

¥վڶ¥˴˸롱ʾȥ
˹ȥһ䣺ôôһȺˣ
Ŷо˾һ̸ݸ֪ϢǸĻļλĴɼ²Ųæ
ˣרŴǼ۽۵ġ
Ҹոǿ˵ġӡ˭ʡ
ǹ㰡ЦǺǵ
ңüͷһ
ǰδǰֲ֪ôƺ㣬ȡ¥Ϊȡ˳ƺš
ŶˣӡһС˵ֳ˵ĳƺ
Ȼ¥ȡ㣬ǡ
ӣ
ıЩ΢˶ʲô㡣
¼ߣ˵Դϴߺ˾һֱټ㡣ˣ桪˵꣬һƿţһûӦʱ䡣
һҳӰӳ
֨ѽһĵعţԼȥˡ
˾
ⳡʵЩΣȳ˾ˣΪˡ
˾ʲôҲû˵ֻͳֽһ֧ʡ
ϸ˿ֻֽһſհףһдˡ
дţǡ֮ǰµ⣿
𿴼Ĺؼʣͬ
Ȼ˾˰Ŀˣ
⻰ʵЩࡣ
ˣͲ̫ˡ
˾ȴ̫ûˡ
ͳԵЩӲϤžʡ
֪˾ܻле١
ڹУ֪˾ϰߵģܻΪȥ˭˾ܲջ¸ء
֪ʣ˾ٳһ⣿
˾ס
ʣ˼Ƭ̺Ѹٵֽд
Σ͸Ƶ⡭
дţ˾ܵͻȻӶߴӾʲô
ձʵһ١


𻺻תͷȻ˾һרע
̧̧ʣ˾˲ٿǰ֪Ͳᾪϲˡ
ϵӰ˴Ƭ
۾תͷڰֽд£
һֻעˮʱֻˮĸʱŸɡʣһעˮһ߷ˮҪʱ
л˵
ڽ˫֣Ԥеһˣ
PS̫ˬTnT ͻȻģȫǲ뾭ĥѡһʱĻָڣһոȷϵ¡
СɰҪעⱣ尡



ʮ 
Σ
һɺ, ˴īδɵֽţ˳ȥ
ȴû룬˾ûղֱȥ, ǽֽ, 
˵öԡ, ĿϸоΪȤ
ǲֳˡ
ͬ, Ҳóڴγʲô⡣
˿еֲǺѵȤζѧһ˵е㿨ǣпյöС
룬Ҳ⡣
ݾ飬ᱻɫϣʱ챻Χѧת, ͷҪˡ
ԭŮ, ͷ󣬺ǿ
˾ȥıӰ˳, ҲʶøϽˡ
ǰûȥһԺ
Ժԭһ۵СڵģÿƯԭľΧ, ӯ峺ˮ¥ȥӷĶλ
ˮҲƳصˮǰںú, עͨȪˮ, κŽȥӦͷ˰׶ǡ½»㱨, ýʢƳˮ, ÷ɸعС
ǲĻ, οԲ÷ɱˣֱӷͺáѴ㽻£ۿĿ㷭½˲̤˻ڵ·
ȫ֪ǰŸ߳У˾ܾѾ¥
ڵ֪Ѿ뿪˾ܻϢͳȥĬĬܵһԣ˼𵽵׳˸ʲô⡣

ŴӹҩԼɽСΪڻεģڰʱֻصƳء
Ϧ£ˮǳůɫĴҲѪ졣
սһȻ˿ڻûãзõ
С죬ҡҡĴƿҸҩˡ
̧һͷǰ³һݡ
ҲĿ˵ӣ££ȹڰߣĿʼϴԣΪЩҩҽմһۣ˶թˡ
ȻҲ˵ôѣѣ˵֪ͼء
οƿŵҩζӿ˳㱼ϼɫŨˡ
ĴҲ˷Ӧǰζ硣
质ŵóҩĿ¶Щӡ
Ϊȥһ˹У
质ṳ̂Уħ޳ڹУȻҲ鱨˵ＫΣգ˹Ͻ˵ʱ˹Ƶʿû
Ȼ质֪ġ˵ǺüʮǰϻˣԴ˾̨νгڵһкڶϢ
˵֣꣬С죬ϸҩ
质һ˲ջεߡ
ɵЦ취Ȼá
Դѯʺ󣬲ʽù
质ôҪ
ûΪ˷ֹҩҶҩ©۹ˮʱѴ̶һط
պã֮ǰпʱ˸߼񴲣ϡ´ֱܸϡ
˵ɾ͸ɣקѴŲ񴲣ȴεطִȥֻбԽǴţչ
ò˵еСˡ
һʵѾˣֻðƻƺȴС񴲸ơ
ǹҽĵҩ
һ͸ĳȻɫҩڰָ⣬ȥˡ
һЩ΢ΣҴӹҽҩ˵ǺЧɲҪ˷Ѱ
һ˵ʵ̫ɵ̫ɵû˿Ϊ˶һѴԡȥˡ
գָһɣƾҩˮ
󣬴Դһᣬһţҩ˿С
˳
ϲı黹δȫȥֵ˼ֲ⡣
񴲵ı߿򣬺ԹԵģҩˡ
֪质ѾζħҪħҩˡ
࣬ɬԼһЩ޷ݵζ
۾ʹŨҵҩˮȾˡ
̬б飬ıһǳ
质̲סתҪһԴײ񴲱ϡ
ôôӲ
ΧĲ˿īı߽ϣ
Ŵײϱ߿ֻ÷ŵĵطһˮҲһһţͣԭأҲˡ
ײɵˣ
˺ðΣ质Żһ
ʱ˿̣ˮҩζŨˡ
ǿ̲ʣһڰҩȥ
һĻ𿴵øпѡ̫Ծˡ
质סѶ³ɫתһħ
Ϊڵħ֮λǰ֮󣬶ĿΨһ֡
ҽҲŹбħȻ󱻾˻ˣҲԸⳢһҩ
Ż
质ִں˼ΣֻԵöۣ֪ǲǸá
һߣְ˫ݲóꡣ
ҩˮƾǲиСҩţţ漸ƬήҶˡ
质ͫײһ
һ˫ݲݶó룬㳯ƾȥˡ
ͽ质ıӰ
˫ݲݡ
质߻ݵϴֻħе˫ݲݡ
Ҳ˵ħˣ
˭
ʱ质ƲһһعȥֱһСͣ˼
˫ݲݼˮɫϣȥҲǺãڹתһ󣬸һЩճҺ塣
ɴҲֹζֱꡣ
Ҵܴˡ
¶̣ĺɫȻ󡪡
ذҩˮ˽ȥ
质һ͡
˵ոյҩɬĽϣôҩˮǳ
质Ż
֪˫ݲݵԡʱɢ㣬ζ൱ӣħﶼԸʳ
ϰҲܰԵֲݵĵطԲһﶼٳҩ
ò˵˫ҩԾˣЩ˼ǣòħվͿֻǲ֪ҩûЧ
质ֻš
ִһɴɴխֳרŲ˵õġ÷ȰճҩĨ棬ٰڴ˿ڣһȦһȦͺˡ
ڵ⣬ֻʣ᲻ˡ
˱һˮĺɴ㡣
ɴˮճƽҩڻճɴϡΪӱ˦ˮûзô˳ͣڽ䣬ɴƹ壬˺üȦ
Щ⣬ǷǳοԴԡ
质
ҲſЩȬôϡ
ǡ
质֪Լ֪ĳͽжô˿ڻδйָļԶõԤС
ҩЧ
֪质룬ֻ֪Ĵޱȹɣ˿ھ͸ˣǿõͷǿˡ
һ˶Чʾͼߡ
ʱ䣬񴲣ְѲߵˮ׸ǰж˸ˮܡ⻹֮ǰʱ˿סȻ󣬾ֱ񴲴㣬ƽ˸ڡ
൱Ϊ㹹һ˫رʩֱӿ̶㻻ҩιҲԱ֤ˮԣȱ
ɵΪԼԤԹƣõʱͼ˲жƴʽģҪǵʱ͵ɹ̶СھҪһˡ
ۼԼֱһǽڵ质Ĭ£̫ˡ

ҹڷʱٴܵƳصһأ̳ˡǰ浽ؾ糾ϺƤ
ʱգйӹϡ
һϺƤֽҹɫһ´¹°ȻζţĻصƾӣгϵͳ
ӹܾôʡ
ֻ轫׼õĲͶϵͳȷӦʱ伴ɡϵͳӹҪзϣҲչʳƷӹȹܡ
Ҳǰ㵱ιˣԻͷ
״γԼӹԾԾԣˣڴ˿ڻָҪϳҩͿ࣬ʳֻҪԵúóԵ㣬ܳ⣬˿ڻָô
ȵȣһ¡
ǰϺƤȷڶ԰ɣǵϵͳ˵ͨȪ۴ŵʳĶᱣʵ״̬
ǵġ
Ǿɣֻ糾ϺƤЩˮ塣㣬ˮСӽǷǰʱεˮ壬ҲóԵ˰ɡ
õġӹѼ룬Եȡ
ϵͳƸԪأ޻Ράءʵȡ
óһľͰʱһͰĺɫлɫϡ
ˡ˵Ͱǲ֪ܳԶá
ڶһ磬ľͰϺζ
质һſŲ֪ǰ㶹󣬳ڱܵһڡ
ʲôͦóԵġ
л˵
һٽԶӵƵһɳӣ



ʮ 
Ե, һ˲Ĵ㶹ԲƺЩȥ׷ѰƯ³ϡ
ǸԱƽʱĳԷ̬, Ȼⳡʢ֮С
ϵͳϷǳ㡣
ѾǸŵݴ, Ͱʱ, ĸоӭһ, 壬Ǻʶȡ
ȽĲ֪ʳ
Դˣϵͳϣϵͳļӹȡ˲ʱζǷǳ߶˵ļա
ɵƶ, , ζ̬ܿɻ
ƺô¡
ʱʮ⣬ܺãܷǳ, ʿҲǿ¾Ϳ԰ʣµȥͶι㣬֮ʵһ³벻ϵٶȡ
ΪģڼרŷĸϡжƷֲ٣ιЩӪĲܳø졣Ч, ͿԼӹϣȥ, һ졣
, ιҪ
ôţڰѰ˿ʯͷ, һװϵľͰ, һư, Ҩһưˮ˦
ϵ˴ģͬʱҲ൱ɹ۵֮࣬ð˺ܶƽʱӰ׷ðͷʳ񴲵ĵװ壬ֻϧ㶼ܲ
Ⱥʳ㽫һư෴ķ˦úԶɹȺһȥˡ
Ҳˡ
̾һתͷ°Ϳһʳӡ
ֿɰֽѹ
̲סϣߴδ뿪Ƭɫ
һ̲ͣسԣҲһ̲ͣס
֪˶ãеư죬ǿĵͰס
ˣ
ʱ仹ûӦн˼Ȧֵͷϸȷһ顣
棬ֻʣ±Ǽˡ
ͻͻ£һΪͿյľ㵸С֪ܳԣû뵽Ȼôܳԣ
ԣιʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
ٶпҲͷ·ûгԹ
û˰Ͱ׾ٸ̫ܳˡ
质죬񲻾ǰۡ
ŵģڻָ̬ʳԭ̫ࡣ
ڲ˱ٹȡҲνʳܲڻָ
质ŰϵŮûԼһͰϵΪʲôסҲȿͷġ
⸱ӳߣһֻûгԱļӸУѾȫֲ꣬һֻȾʹա
ûˡ
ϣղĺãǧ㶼ûܳһͰ
ֻһ˿⡭Ŵղûб仯ĶƤôһͰԵȥˣ
˵ĳԱ
´ԲˮͰŻֻڰߵȴֱһ󣬼ûŷĵ׼һҩԡ
˫ݲݻû꣬ѾǰƳ̷ֺüݣƻÿˮһ¡
ҩԡݵЩִ٣ٿʱŷִ˿ڱԵЩøһЩ׵ͬʱ˼֮⡣
̶ֳѾҩܺõˣȰѸ޳ٽҩ
˵жжܿƾҳһѼӣԴȻ˿ڵԣԹϡ
ĵӳŴɫӰӣ质ʱѾԶˡ
ǳѳԵҩгζˮҪ⡭֪ǲĴԴǰŮһֱ̫˳
ߣѾڰߵʯͷϼʽеĥ˼¼ӣִӽ˿šɵӣԥ֮վǰȹǴ˸ᡣ
С죬һذ㣬һֻѼӱ
质һͻôܿĶˡ
ǳŮ˹ȥ
Ϊĺվڰ߾ܹĴ㣬Ҳ㹻תȦҪֹŵԶ
ԡ
ۼûзرһ͡ϳɹʱԱͻأشһ޴ˮһñˮ
ͷ

𵭶Ĩһû£ɽ꣬Ѿüֲˣ˭
࣡
ڵ÷Ķ¶һͷƵĴڵգء
ڶΡ
ܺá
Сڣ
ǳһɫİƬӶһͣɪɪظ˰ա
~
ΣСǰŲŲǰһһ²ļ
﷢죬֪Ϊڷŭֳ֪Եġ
ֻҲᵽϵϰˡ
ôҲҪԣͰʣʣµϣݵǿߣȻõسˣ󡱵
ҪСԴľͰ̽ȥȴһƿ
Ϊˮĳͷٳˡ
ָԴǰ£˵ٴΣͻȻˮڳο˵ʱ򡣡
˶٣Ҫǣҡ
࣡Сڵǰȥʮ־ɥ
ΪѾСװģƭΣϵˡ
һһ㽩ţ质ڳΧһУЩЦ
һ˵ô
ȫԼҲһ㡣
ţŮҪСһ¾ͺˡ
ʲôʲô£
ԣС졣
质˼Щңһʱ䲻֪ЩʲôӦ
ȻСˣڰմؿ质һۣȻ󡪡ŭȥ
ʱ质ûʲôԴ¶ˮ֮ϣһ˲һͻȻʹͷϮӵԴơ
Сڣž
ŭ质һ¡
Ұ޵ĹԴŲӵħһײ÷£ֿʼڰѰһλᡣ
޹е质
ΪõضſеİƬ㣬סҪӿħˮ³˼硣
ܱ¶ôܸһ档
ǡ
ָһͰƬ㿾ˡ
Դ׵СߴߴҪȥһȭۼֿһ˻
Сڣ˼֡
~Сֺõ۷˷ٰβͶϲ
Сܣ𣿡ԴСڵ̬˶ԴСѣǳԴ׵Сѡ
˵ССҲûɷֳڲǸĺӡȽǣ˳СξٶƺеƢ

ģ֮٣ĿǳΪģԴʽ
νˡ
˵̵òûԸ񲻺ã
ⲻص㣬Ҫģô㾡á
ҩʳǲҲճһ£
𵱼ŸУ˿篺Ͱҩ֬

ȴлŵĵһ죬ؿسӰ
ʱﵹҩˮ꣬ҩȥ
̬ġ
ʦܡ߹ȥһĺʦģ鶼ˣ
ϸ㣬Źȥ죬ôͿɡ
ãسҡҡͷûꡣ
ֻҲħ˰𸹷ţ껹û˵Ļ
سԥ¶ľģڵͫʴżڴʦ㣬ȥˡ
˳ĻȥƼöˣ
Σسһš
˺棬Ȥģʲô飿
Ͻ
̾Ϣ֮ڣ
δضĿֹؾǸתϵͳȻ
Ҳͻƣǵȹָ㣬Ȿ˵á
۵ݣԷҲһֱڶƺһ˿š
ʱ϶ʲôý¡
Ҳ²¡Ȿ飿
۾һ£ǡ
ĵµ׼ֺܿ뵽һ⡣
еӽ󣬰ΪƽıÿһӦĽѺͬʱļԽߣѺԽߡ
ÿµӽԴһʯسֱȥѺ𣬶
ҪѺʯֱˡ
س룬١

ʯǵǽڲܽĵˡ
ҳɳôҰģʹڣ
ļԽߣҲζͻѹƵĿԽ
Ҹʯ˵
سȴûӦ˼ʦ㣬Լʯȥġŵӿ֮Ĳϣ֪ڶʲôܶߵĶ
˵ֲ꣬һ䣺ʦЩ춼ڡ
ŶҲǾʩᣬǴһɡ
ʵʵ·ѡ
Ҳ˽ļ󣬱Ͼھӣǵس˵˼ʱǡУֺȻ󣡻Ҫװ˵ǾġãƳ֮󼸸¶æúܣҪпգͰҰպõˣܸȣõǮҲţܶٸҡ
һȦۣǮϡ
Ȼس룬Ӧ£ȥˡ
εؿԶȥıӰصؼҩˮ̾治֪ʲôǿʼϸڴıԺ
С죬أ
质Ĭ˸ݣֳָĥҹξкءͬħ

ħЦһ

л˵
С糡
质һͰ
֪ʲô
质
ȫͰ
#糾ϺȺһͰ#



ʮ 
سѺ, ֹ˼찲ӣ֮յ˹мĻصźͶ
жȥ˿Դǿеرһ߼篺Ͱҩ֬, ʹá
պ, ¸ϰĽ, ͳҪĶ
һ, ˿֯ɣ˵Ửϸɴκζ棬Դе̳֬
һǰҩ֬Ѱ, Ƥ, еû¶ĨĨջ
ȻǸԼõ, רŸõġ
ѶԴƵƬ۲ˣ˵ֽΪˣƬǷѣֻҪʱ, ܳΪۿĴڡ
ۿ
ҿȥٳ٣ٽﲻ⡣
质ܵȵĿ, ɻͬʱҲЩڵضһ¡
ȴŮԴ, ΣС, Ҫú, ǻָ, һʹġ
⻰质⸴ӡԴڣѾŮƵĻҲȻϰߡ
ƺ
عͷ룬һʼǡ
֪˼˵ȥʰĶˣȫûע⵽ݵĿ⡣
质عѾСľȦ
һֻҲѾŮ
մ˰ҩ֬ڳƵỬܿ죬͸ҩ֬γһ㲻մˮıĤˮ
㲻㣬ŵøֱӵһģͬʱսľô㱻ڸǰĶܲˡ
ÿһƬۣǵģÿһƬչˣﭹһ۵Ĺ⡣
ò˵Ħĸо质еУûз
һַͿĨ˴Ƭβʹ㶼ȥ͹ˮ
质ѾЩ˯ˡ
ҩ֬ȫزһЦȥѲõһҩ˹
ŨҴ̱ǵζڿ֮У质ѹֱֱضĶ
˰䣬óҽĻƴƿˮﵹһ
㲻鲻Ըǰȥζҩ
𿴵⣬ǰӲˡ
˫ݲݰɵҩˮɫζ
һϵҲϵŴ˿ڵɴ
ǰĸѾȥͿƳ̺ҩЧˡ
ǹԵҪԴ˵
˸质Ѿʧȥޱطſˡ
һʼѡ˵·

ٴسϢѾǰ֮
ʱոͶιͽ飬׼ҩ֬
ʦ~
ͻȻأһ𣬼Ķ䡣
һһӱҽˮ
Ȼͷˣɣʦ㣿
ɣ޵һսˣ¶ֽЦݣŵˣĪǱҸʲôأ
Ļͻͻǿȥˮŭôһ£Ҫ
Ϊֹһһ»Ϊ֪
ĵĲС챻֣ǳȺͽ顣
ЩһֱŵĶǰֻ֪Ǽʮ˺ɽӳԳֳһ͵ģ˶Ϊ
û֪ƷѾι㡣
С졭Сʮƣ㱻ҲûʲôߣСס񴲸պøˮߣȥЩƣˣֻΪʲô¶
ں£ûйͻȻԶԶͿʼɾˡҪͽѾι꣬ʮ춼֪ô˵
а̫ˡ
üͷ壬ǲ㷢֣һ´αأλʦ㣬һ´Ƿأ
Ͳʮ鷳
ɣЩɫ֪汻ŵˣǰƵĵʦãҵĴ´ξԲˡ
ع̾˿׽סɣ֣ɣʦ˵Ҫ
ʣôعѵǳʲô£
ɣգգۣʦǴϻ۹ˡ
㲻ٲ²¡ʲô£
ʲô¡
˼ûϢĻҲֻаº
ܲ
üͷšҲûпܣټһעģҲֻʱˡ
ɣü뵽ˣ˵
޺ЦĪӳԳظ͸ˣȥ㣿
ɣšüֻ뵽ҿô񣿡
տƳصģ£Ҳֻ뵽ˡ޹ʱɣʦʵڿ£ɵʱһָڻ٩
ʦ㣬ֱӸҰɡ
ðɡɣ̾˿Сɾ
˻һڣзһ졣
һ£¿ȥֻüһɫӰӡ
ɣؿֿôˮ
ͦ㡣
ɣ̿ǰƳչ˵̫ˣ㶼ôʡ
Ȼɽ꣬λʦþѾʮһнеóֵعˡÿµɵʮֳɫ˵ܽÿռ¼ŵѧϰѾƵˡ
ʵǸŬС
ͬʦͦġ
ɣס󣬡ڹȥϵϡ
ع֪˵سʲôɾܿ֡߶ûüͱһץˡ

ɽ
ɽǰɫ԰׵ؿڣͷҿǰ档
ɽԽŵӡ
λԽĿⶼδǣֻԼꡣ
纮ǵϲ⣬ͷ̲סȥļֱۡ
ãܺã
߳䵭Ӿһ˿ᡣ
˲죬ƽԽŰģӣǱħ޹ɽˣ
ĵǸǡƷŵӣ
Χ۵ĵĴسȴƽúܣûа㱻صϲá
ˣûӦӦǺ߰ɣϾ˭֪ԽĴǿǻڵĴܣСɼĴڣ֪Ҫߵһ
Ŀɨپָϣ̾˵ҹȻûʺϰֻҪԽΪޣϴ;ֻʱ⡭
ǵʣʵĻȻϧһϰ츳ʲôأ
㣬ԸԽ壬ĵӣʵӡ
˻һΧĵӽŲͣһ£׷װѲ˼ĿͶˡ
Ҫ𣡣Խ˲
˭֪Խ࣬Ʒ٣ô÷Ŷԡ
ͬʱҲ䣬һؾƿԡ
ǡȺģ
ΧںܶҪʩںɽ·ӳƵڶ࣬ΣǸ嶼Сٿǵı飬ҲڻԼĶ䣬ޱ𺳡
֮˶֪Խˡ
߹Ⱑ
վڲԶɪɪĵӣ²µ
ӦþǡڻҼףڻҡ
ǿ֪ôһ£Ȼɣͷʵ
֪䣬߽ΧһЩӣŶСɣǺɽˣʮ꣬ĵߣеӶϵ
ĵӰһǱˡ˵߻
һ
̲סʹյ˸ǰ
תͷҲȺȵˣ¶һ޺΢Ц
һеӵɣɣʦ㣬֪
ɣü˵
еӻɫ˵һͨ
ܿˣԭǽ糿ʱ˿سںɽǸŵӣ߰ǳ˳һ٣سǱһȡ
Ȼֿԡ
ɺϵǣÿԽ·£ֹͼ֤سֽ˴ܵһĻ
ˣسʹϽȻȴѾ߷ˣοǽʿյĽھһŵʹ˳
ܲȣܲϲ
϶سҪҵ״ӣ̾һûмȷϣź
֮ˡ
ԵͷܳԼʧѾˣλȻǿɿˣֲдسͽܡ
سȻѾͻʵѹ
ȺмӰпЧǳĿ졣
еӵĽɣ˵ͷȴֶʲô
еʶɣվŮƿ߿һ𣿻򡢻̫ˣ
ɣô֪ܲΪʲô죬ֻЦĽ˼ȫʦʦء
ŮµĲ˳Ľܹ飬۵ͬһͫרעسһ
֮УŮڶʱЩ˻̬ȣǼ֮Ҳռ˲СĹ͡
̾˿Ҳ֪ʦź󣬻ܲܽʦõ⡭жٵӽź󣬾Ϊһˡ
سнȡʦˣǲɣʦǿˡ
ȫȻ֪Լڱɣ룬ȷڹ۲سȴɣ²ĹػĽ
ļ
ΪԽǾ仰سѾûлӦˡ
л˵


ʮ 
˿, ĿƵؿس
ô㲻Ը⣿ֱֱȥسòӦ, üͷһ塣
س, , ɬӲǲԸ
Ʒ岻ˣͰѻ, ޷£ֻҪлɿڷˣһоͶ˵ңҲ᲻ˡ
һԵĿ⾪졣˵Խе㼱, Ҳ׶Ӽ, ЩеԽȫȫǸˣŪǻΪǷЦ
һ, Ȼ
˵⻰治۸лƢã
ǿس̾λʦ, Ϊ㣬޽ĥĳȶάֲסˡ
, سٴοڡ
Ϊ¡Ʒ廹Ҫδɡس˵, Ա߿һۡ
յĿ⣬һ, ɫһ
ɣҸʲôйϵ
û, Ҳûп, ֱӵԽ岢ìܣҿԸʱ䣬Ȱꡣ
¶רİԼȫ޵·ϱеļ־
ú
ɶ˰æҡ
ֳΧӺǳ⣺ʲôʱˣȥ£
ڵæȺɢ
Ÿ𴲵ʱü
̵ĵȫسûһϵ¶ˡ
̾һԱȣĿ̿ͳˡ
ȥ·ϣɣͻȻ˵ʦôںɽ
תͷ˫𣬡Īǹġ
֪ƷվҩжټأûһƽءɺɽͲһˣʯ̵أƽֿɽŵĽǰǿտģ͸˵ΧĿյˡ
ԣƷûʺĵط뺮ɽֽҺɽ峿ˣʱҲֻԽ忴뵽ɰɡ
ȷʵۼسͨɽʯߣ첻ʱ
ɣͷŽЦʦþôΪʦ˵
Ϊ˵ʵεؿɣλʦ㣬иʮֽӵСá
ƽʱû¸ʱͿר黰䰮ǣcpţٳ˼ԡ
ѲƲ⣬źԼûʲô£Ϊûܿһ컰ˡ
һδӱ˿˵ɣʱ̫ţֱȥۿԷŻȿգ̨ס
ڿྵͷˡ
ĺ޲ڵģʹԷسҲϲԭ
ϲƳһ㣡
֪ԼöԷȥԴݵ̬΢ЦƹʦϾ˼Ϊʦ㣬˳ְһҲӦõġ
кβأɣһ̹Ȼʮֲ⣬ʦܿ̿࣬ʦҲ㣬Ҳʮְ䡣
Լˣң㣿
㣬֪ʦ첻ȥɽ֪ʱֻԽ壿
ɣó޷Ĭˡ
ʵϣֻ⼸£Ϊ˸ҩԷ
سȥɽҲɣϾ½Ҳ⼸õģڴ֮ǰҲ֪سȥɽ
Ϊκεطء
˵ԼƽûɵֻͣûԼɽΪңԶ¼ֻǡѲء
ʵװģسһȦ
㰡ɣ̫⻰ҡҡͷס˻⣬Ųһ١
͵ˣһûţŵʱ쵽ˣæúܡ
Ŵ˰ɣıӰпѡ
ֻλ~
õػصƳأղûɵĹ
С죡Ĩɫһӽͳҩ֬篡
תûж˼ߴߴ٣
ˮôλһȦȦɢεǰ͸ڶĻߣһ͸ʹΣҲ̲סΪǾõģ̾Ӷ̫ǿӲ
һãȴѵµĺӰˡ
~
СǶ˶񴲴ף겻ȥִԱι̽Դ
ЩͷۣԭСڹɵúܣֻ֣ΪˣҲûʱһԴСˣСھ;źԼð˵úܣð춼Ըȥ
ѵԴ
СڽǶƲͣɴŲϿίı顣
һȻִˮ˳Χ˺һϸβʹϡϡ
ʪˮ齫ʪһЩ⣬ϰˡ
һ룬Сȶ״ԴҲĨɫ
ı֡
˵ʱʱ죬Ծͬʱһ޶סβͣðͷĴ
࣡
Сίίתȥļ
ְ۾ųд㡣
Сڰ첻ֻȺó篣մ˵ҩ֬ƽ̹ĴĨȥ
ټ۵ǵ̺ӿҪϡ
质ЩˬѾܹҩͿҩˣҩ֬ͿΪ壬²ȥŮҩͿˬ
ǡһƳĨɫڼٵȻҲֻһ˲Ͼ񴲲θ¾͵ǰˡ
Դðˮ棬
СڲõĶóٻ֪ΪΣһôšһֽ̤С
ֻĴѣ
ͷ˿СڣǸ԰ıʱֱ׳
ĺģͬʱôˣԶֹƳأʮǧǧ㶼ģ

գĴ㹴˹֣ʱ򡣡
ӵұ
ϣ㷴ˣһֱ£һĨӰˡ
ΣѪҺ̡ûо̵̶ȾǲһûѴ̣־ƷҪȻĲźá
ͿҩֻܵԺˡ
СڰȥȥѲһȦأЩҪι㡣Ȼųٵ㣬֪ɽˡ
ý
㶼ԼڣƩǰԨؾд̳㣬·ֺȦڴûջ䣬֮ᷱࡣ
Ǿֻܿˣ
ָд˷ţҪһӪ⣬޷޶С
Ǯ⡣
һ뵽ӹ׬ǮҪȥЩʹ̲סƽĳˮ
С죬ɲǰ׳ԵģԺײС
ǵ质һˮӳԼ˿ڡŮչ£ƺϵֻɴӰ̫Ҫָԭ״̬ƻҪܾá
ŽŲԶȥ质ٴðˮ濴һۣοֻŮıӰɫȹּµĽɫԣӡ˴Ƭ³ŵĻƣ˵ҫ۶Ŀ
΢񣬽űΧζˮ˼
~
ж񴲵´˴֪ʲô
质Цһ£ħһβȥǴƬӱĶӡ

δʱ̫ʢʱ
ƾ˳׫дĹ¼Ͷʱ˼
ϡ档
ʶѼ¼ñ鼮ѹסȥš
˵˸ʱҲû˵ƾͣʱˡƷŵӶ֪ݵϰߣֱȥӲֱӵš
ǡţ
һ£վŵ֮ˡ
س
ʦܣ΢ÿ·ûˣʲô£˵ɡ
ˡسҡͷҹ뻹ʦ㶫
ӽͳһɵȻ
ʲô
ֻһʯ¸²쵽Խŵӵķݶ꿴ȥЩţ䣬¸һ쵽ұʣµġ
ˣʧЦҲôȡ
سһִ
ðɡӹ΢΢һЦʦ㹧ϲԽˡ
⻹û꣬سֵ֮ǰӦʦģҲһ
ִӦʲôˡ
ûϵԲãҲ˵ˣֻ͵ЦЦǱá
Ӻ󣬿سӰʧĵǰ¼ıд
һĶãʹ˰죬Ҳǲس״Ӧʲô
з紵ϵġ¼
ߣֵĿ̻뵽Ʒ԰Ӧ̭ޡ
һ
Ҳ⡣
Ҫȥ԰䣿
л˵
һһ
Сڣ~ף
С죺ɣ



ʮ 
ڶ, ȻӭسĲ¼ʽ
ڵʷ;ţ;תĵ, ûСس, , ͬʱת˷, һ
Ҳ˵·Ĳ¼ʽ䲻ɵǰʽҲس
Ȼû֡ɣһȦûƽʱʲôſǽͷĶûС
ʱĲ¼ʽҲûʲôˣ·Ĳô˸Ƿ˯, û˯Ѿͱֵĸоǡ綼, бҪٿ
ǿɲһɣͷǹһ˵ζ, ʦҪģŰ
۾ǿԼѣɣĻ
ȷ, Ϊһţڶࡣ˶ĵطܻˮ, Խ, ȻҲƽ˾
ο, ζȡΪ״ӵʸ, س, ǿܳΪֵӵжд̣Ӷ
ԭسΪ̫ͻűͬʹˤٲġ
ȵȣǲǱԭǰˣ
𲻽ü
ܿ죬õϵͳĴ𰸣ǵģоسԭŴʱչ¶ʵɴ˽ŵġ
էȻǰοŴȿȥμӱ
ڣϮ൱ûˣ
ûϵܿ죬οԼֻǻ˸ʱζѣϮȻУֻǴŵϮתŵϮ
˻ˬǲһ㣿
ҲþǵС˴š

ˣɣ
¼ʽںɽУβ٣һӣԼӵλ
ԶԶţлƵɫƽһ޶ɫһĺ顣
ֻ֪лסĵҹ͸ƾӵĴŷۣλνģͲö֪ˡ
չӵʱҪٲһԼǰΪˮƽ
سߵʯǰԼַ档
͸һĨĿĳɫֳֳһػ棬ȼʢþòϨֱʯȾ죬Ҳһ˿ɫ
ƣسȻָԭеĲΡ
ʻ
лһۣӶԷп𺳡
űһ䣬Ȼ
˼еؽسˡɣЩ죬ţ֪ǵ顣
룬ǰʱ仹ʵĵӣҡһһʣзʲôǲòؿǣ̽
Ҳ൱ĺôиע⵽ǱϽ֮·
𡭡֮·

ҳ⣡
봸Լ£Խħ𲻾Խ类ǲζҲԽ类ң
ƻҪ
ʮָӡ
µҲֻô롪˵ͻԭʵһӾͰħأ
ʱ˿̣ǵħ˸硣
ô
ϰÿյĲ۳ҩ质һʱ컹û֡
~
˳㣬ħ˵Զ㡣

ʱ򣬿ıһһһĺг
һ£̶ʮο
ʱĲСڳС죬ССڣͬɽϻݡ
߽ˣŷСӲС죬Сβͳһһ㶣ִ˲ƣǰ̡
ȵȣ˵һһĸţС㣬СأѵҲǴƵģ
ǿҵĺ棬ߵߣһѽ§ס质ҲϰͻȻԵϮҲûз
׵أ𽫴㷭ת˹
Ҽǵǿֳף
а꣬ϵͳôһ֪Ƥë˱רҵ֪ʶ൱ɹ۵ˣͨʶ֪ʶ˸ֱ࣬Աֹ֮¾ͱײˡ
质δӦҪʲôû˵ļʲô˼ֱע⵽ŮĿġĲλ
ħһ
󣬷һԾ
ͨһƽˮըһ޴ˮһ£ŴԼĻһˮףҲ

ʶô롣
˫ֻڰգͽˮʪӣޱȡһԵȴðεСǵزֺһˮ
࣡
תͷСڡ
ˮףĴ㶯Ҳؿڼнǡ
ײˮǳɫƬȴˡ
ܿ˿质εӣһܿǷĶ䣬ԼȻı顣
质˿캧˵飬߻Ҫæ¡
ԼǵǰһɣһðĿΣ黹˵㣬Ǿ˿ġ
Ҫϴ֪˽һȺ㡭ðھųضˣ
һ
취αװ
ں˷˽ûغֻԼۻɵ㱻һѶˡ
ȻɱΪѶˣһ㣬Ҳܱɽ
ˣСڣȻȥɡȻصˮԼƾӻһ׸ɾ·ϴȥˡ
úһĨ͵شˮðͷȴֻǿտȵء
ܹοŵ顣

ǰʱ䣬ĵӻȥֻʣسһأسԽţͲòٵһˣ˶۵ķ˳ѻδõĵظˡ
ˣΨƷջﲻͬءԼǵƺµӰ죬󲿷ôʱмպõջʱڡ
ſȥǴҪһЩǰջĹʵ
ѹصĹʮ飬аʦҪ٣
ѱϵڵϣģװ
ѹһСѵĹʵԲɰɫ
ͽһ΢˶Ŀһ¡˵СѹҲͦóԵģάABCD
ĹװֲͣҲͣѹⶫðӳǿ壬ŮӳգԶһһ
Ĭţֻװ
ڼʦҪѹΪԼ԰ɣⶫһ̫ɹɹɣŵƿʲôʱԾʲôʱԣζã
˶ּҲã˷ȣˬȺȣůθ䲻ȵʱأͺһ룬ʱƣ
𣺡
ʵû뵽Ʒ廹˲š
ڲšˡ
Ը̾˳㿼һ°ȥƹĿԡ
ϧˣͬš
ĻеĶŻһִ淽ʽá
ۼһѹװҪлͱǵֹˡ
һ¡
˵ţĽңִͳѹ
ⶼƷʺõĹӡЦ㶼Űɡ
֪«ʲôҩ⡭ңŵ
ӣ㣬ҶǷʮˣ͵Ҳ͵ˣκνѹգĸطȱ˷ѣιȥɣ
𣺡
ùȥι£ô
˵֪ι㣬˵ôԷʲô
ֻõлʮһѹ
ʱ质֪δܳһʱҪٶٳԹˡ
л˵
쾹ȻףСɰϦ֣ϣҪ̫Ϧʧȥ˴ڸqaq



ʮ 
ɣ, ŶһӶеǣԽŵǣǵ˻Ȼĳ̶ȡ
˶֪, ʮһ, ȴ״, ֻʣϯ֮λˡ
ϯζʲôζŸȨ, Դָͷλá
³һŵĵӡ˲裿
ǣس̤Խһ̣ӭ൱Եųԡ

˵ʦִܽһսŵӡߴʯ, ɣһһѹ, ʢӵСѾȥ롣
ʱڵشﶬݷĿ֦Ҷһͣûͣɣʦ, ⻰ѾҴĵĴˡ
£·Խ壬ۿһ, λҵġɣ̵ǲ֪, سʦܼ, ˶ķ粨
ֱʯζ˵˵ǡӿҲΪֻʦ, ʱ䶼徻, ҪӦʱʱ鷳
, ͣ˶Խ岻𣿡ڶɣ
ܡɣЦеأԽƣͨԾλԴС˵ġ
Щ棬Խ˼빻ǰġ
ⲻþ
ҪЩûĵӡɣлܱһŲµӴܣЩŻ˼ģҲѰæֹƽط춼
Ƕأ
룬ȷʵеѧ򲻹Сѧ
ȻǿҵСѧ
ɣʯȻֽμ˵˵ʦֻһͰŵӻˡΧ۵Щ˱뿴֣侮ʯʦܸû뵽ʦôͶĶˡ
˵ţ̲ס˼ƣ;ޱȼģֻϧûܿһĻЩŵӵıһܾʡ
ЩЦĵѲɣԽǰλʦ㣿
š
ҪȥԽ䣿˵ܿأɣ뿴֣һ˫۾þˡ
ɣʦ㡣
ţ
ˣ𣿡𻺻̾˿㲻˵ܽأ

ɣ컹Ҫ֤óƽδйЧʣѸײڶ֮뿪ˡ
ˡ
ִҵļƬҶ
ݣҶӲߣתͷ֮ʣ̲סԽڵķλ
ΪһŵӣҲ㲩֪ɣ˵¡
֪Ѿʮ汾
֮Χسжţ£Ѿİ汾ÿ˵Ķһ趼һµģǾЦԽŵӣسλʦܡ
룬Խŵӵ׵˶˰
˼£س
ΪֹţȷʵΪˣ֮ӦþûʲôӴĻˡ
ɹﵽ֮ǰԤƵĽ֡
Դˣĸֻһٲһ¡ɣȥԽ忴ϷԼֻ취ܾ
ٰڵĽȣسź󣬹˶þһ·ͻƣֱڣ֮󣬾ǺŮĳˡ
˵Ů
Ůʲôʱţ
ϵͳ𣬡Ůʽࡣ

԰
ռƻѲغ󣬾￴ûܸԵ̭⡪ھų漱ֳʣµҪ㣬ٳˡ
մеҲ˻ظǱ֤Ʒõ⣬Ҫʱʱڻ޷
ֻȾͽԭˡ
ƳȻƶɢĲֲͬ԰ȫ˹ġССķǽ߲㰼ݼΧֹ޹ݾȻʵĵطÿһܱߵĵ·Ҳͨ˴԰ĵ·ϻѵʱ䣬ܹЧʵع
񡭡԰
վ԰ſڣһִƱˡ
ֻΪ԰ĴһȻʯš
Ϊ˷ֹΧ԰һԴ󣬷ǴιܵޣᱻԴԻôҲܲԶֻΧ԰ת
ԴĲüַͬһ㣬ĵΪˣ⴦ʯšأͳ԰Ĳ֡
ò˵ƷÿһĽ趼Ѿ˼ϵƣ˲˷һ˿һ
ʲôʲôȻ䣬ĽԶӲͣסӣȻͷ׶ߵãرܣȴ·ûп

Σա
û뵽͵ԴĹܣֻԼңȴǲٿһˡ
һ·ߣһ·͸ȫ˹Ϊ˼ԴǺܶ໷Ǻġ
ǰСĺǵ԰Ӳڳġ
Ϊ˻ˮֱͨƳء
ĬĬǰһۣһȺɹ̫ˮѭһ֮˿īܡ
߶ȡֲõʮĳණˡ
Сϡ
ɽ԰һ˿ī̶ܱˣһɶܷ֧Ұ԰ɽһĳ궬ĳ㷺ĳ֣̳ƷԡĵطҲֻƽյĹ棬ŲӰ˻òű˵
ǵĴΡ
·תתһ·϶ûˣЩ졣
ܿɺס˵ɺ԰ģһƢãÿһ·ֻܿʱʱܿǴ·ߴҡڵ߹ȥɢ˿˶ЩĽ
ĳЩ棬԰ĹƳػҪЩ
ƳȻѶСÿ¶йָꣻ԰ȴûУ԰ֻҪʱ򽻸ޣƽֻܺøԵ԰Ӽɡ
һ·ÿ޹涼Źĵ֣ʮ߳صͳһаͬ԰԰һһݣεˣ
ȻҪǰͬѡǻѡƳء
һȻæ˵㣬ɴıǲɹġ
أո˰
ǱŲŲҶײˡ
𼷰
ζҲ̫ˣٺ١
ôСһһھУȻᶼ

Ҳ֡
ߵһΪݡĹǰפģӵޱ˴ѵ
ʱ䣬Է
ɻؿ̫ڹҲʮӣ緹緹
ڣš
ţһƬҵĽŲѹֵĽ̸ޱȡƺײʲôУһƬž˴һײˡ
һ貵Ķಡطɳ˳ľǩ
Ȼ巴Ӧٶȱ˼죬һץסһǩҲǽӲӵĲ塣
ã
һ԰ӷɿ嵽ߣϵؽӹӲӣŸм̫ллλʦˣȻһڣ
ʲôʲô
пտղŽסʲôһֻ׼ȷ˵һֻƤ
ղŵǴ洫ġ
һӳקקӵ·԰ˡ
˵ƷŵӵƷͳһɫͬŵӣ½·ҲһƳأľˮƣǲľ԰ǷޡէһȻĿ
ڵӾֵؿһɾ衣
Ŀһһɨǣ̫٣ȷʵûʲôס
ſ԰̧ͷΣȵⲻƳصʦ𣿡
ûлشĻ΢΢һЦλʦʦôʲô񣿡
ֻƳ¼ô˽ޣ˵񿾳ͦ㡣
û뵽ǵӱɫ
ƷĵѣɲҪҴ
񡭡ԼԽˮģ
л˵
νȨıԡ



ʮ 
Լι, ǿԼֲƷѾ˽֪ˡ
ֻҪ̫ϡеġ
Լģִ, ֤Ӧǰ³һȫû, Ҳһֻ۱һֻ, ûء
Ȼ, Ҳ͵͵ԣϾ˿ҲãĿŵġ
ǡ԰ôţЩˡ
ģ¶һ΢Цֻʷʲôһû
԰ɫӲ, ﲻһ֡
ϵͳܿ𰸣ÿƷǰΪ, ϡжȣϡС
ѰáŵȡϡСΪֵĵȼУϡѾϡжˡ
ЩΪ˻šҪǱϯ֪ǿϡϳҲС졣
һ, Сķǵܣͻᱻ
ʦãҼǵ㣡ſĵӹ׽ǰóԵú, Ҷζϡ㻹ζ
ͻᱻ£
Ϊǡڡ֮ġؿһۣϡһû, ʦкμأ
԰һԴ, ¶һı顣
¶ˡ
ȻһƳع԰ϵ
ĵûټ, ǽԼ, ȴǵĻӦ
˵ȥ, Ⱥ˵ϵ׶Ҫˡ
ҪⰡ˵԰Ӹжᣬתͷĵط
ķ䣬˼дֵ
ЩǻʣʦþȥĹף
Ͳˡ飬һʳ̶ȣϵͳЩϡжȣص˵ͷЩѾܶˣлʦ֡
㹤֮˽½ףпҲðΪлС
ǡʦûˣ
ţûˡ
𱳸԰ǸжԸӵĿ⣬ҪߣһתʦܷѺһ£Ƴصˮ˲١
ڵ˿˵˵
ߣǸӰѿˣӲǱ˸ȡ
͡
ʦá԰صشսһέҶ
żȵ𣺡ʲô
ȥ֪ˡǵ¶ص΢ЦõõõĻʦá
ȥǺܲ˵Ķ
һȻصһأ质ԶԶؿˣظͷ
һһ
Ҫԣˮ棬质ϰԵͷȴȰ·˻ȥ
ۻ
质Բۡ
ˡҧȣ˵е㺬죬εģԲ̫á˵õϻͦ㣬԰Ⱥ˶ˡ
˵꣬ӽͳѹˮ
ǳɣӪ
质
˵ʵ⼸ڳԹӣڳҩõĹӣѾˡ
质Ҳûֱض𡪡ȡ
ҪŮиС
ע⵽˴ߣû˵ó
ҲܳԹͷɡ
͵ذѹͷתͷְѴ԰һ
质һ
ʵⷺŨƻмʻƯļǡô֬γɾͼһͺܺóԵĸо
Ҳ̫ˣ
챻Ͷι质Щģȥ᲻˻ɣ
˿̣ȴھһ⡣
ֱأǼӹһٳԣ
Ȼܱԭоడиʲô棬ߴԵʳͺ˵ġ
质ĻԼںԨ֮ʱ̳Թ죬˵Ӱ졣
ʵû뵽Ů˼⡣
质ڰȥƺܾӣðβžˣ
ǿɡ
质ҲС
ʼѹܱԵĲ˳ҳ֣һС
֮ϴ彣С飬ľϣббؿŻУһԼտܾˡ
֬죬Ҳ֬ڻɵ̻ûһʳָ󶯡
û뵽ͦ㣿
ⳬԤڵζе棬˼һִ˼ѹͽĹ⴮
ζ
æȻ죬ʹһˮ质Ҳż˵͹㣬ʶνһЩ
Բ޷ܡ
ϸתľ۾ضŻⲻ̫òݵѱ߿
Ҳ֪ûͻƣҪĻ⣬϶㡭

ȥԺͻȻֵ뷨һ죬Լɡ
质ôҡͷЩʲôֱӽͳһ
Ҳ֪ʲô
ز˿ߣέҶ򿪣¶ɫķĩ
ϣЩϲ
质˶ߡ
ɼǵŮܹ׼Σô֡
Ҳûɣ
մһƷڴҶʱѾżĩĶˣƺʲôֲĥȡɵģ֮дһǺеۣǸһЩ
տһܺóԡ
û뵽԰ֺö
𻺻ģ˼Ƭ̣ȻȥŪ뷨
ǻ˵Ҫȳ
֮еĴ㣬ЩԥȳˣܾͲˡ
ǲ
质ŮתͷԼ¶Ŀ⣬ĵһµǱȥˡ
𵱼İ壺
γһ⴮ǳɫѾ濾˵ɫǿòˡǳǳέҶϷһ£մһϡ
Ȼ಻סҧһڡϸʱ֭ڴݼ㣬ǻÿһ¶ǡôͣû˿ĸо
ó԰
۾һѾܾúܾúܾûгԹôóԵĶˣǰǶԸһ£ϻҵ
ٳһڡ
质ĬǱˮУΧŮԿȫ̡
Ե⴮ԽԽ٣ľԽԽ࣬ļҲ൱ɹۣٿ𣬻ûͣ˼
ҲûٳԶٰɡ
ֱƳأŮֹͣ˴á
ѽʲôô㣿ɣӣֱ䵽Աߡ
⡣ҭһ¡
кöҲȵʦ㣿ɣùһûԵ⴮Цеػ˻ΣҲɣ
æ֣ʾԣ˴ؿڡ
룬ʦǿ˶٣ɣҧһڿ⣬һ䣬תͷһľ
Ҫλͣ
ǹ͡ʱ˳صش԰ҪιġܹҪЩܳÿ졣
Ƴô̵ֱ࣬Сιͺˣǵ÷ŪЩɣȻƳϵ⴮һۣô˵⻹ʳˡ
̾ϢҲûԹιС㣬һչĳԣƷŵ㿴һۣƺҲˡ
Ц̫࣬ҪãЩ˶٣ЩԼģڶʳ
ɣֳһڣͷ»ظҶ
Ȼû⡣ʼʰ̯ӣ˳㷴ʣɣʦʱæˣ
û뵽컹ܿɣϾʱܿͷбԼĵˡ
չʱǽʱҲæʱ
ţæˡɣʣµ⴮˹أȥ˿֮ҪʼԤˡ
ǻн£
ŵĵӶܲ룬֪жôʢ׼ĶȻҲҪࡣɣ⻹׳۵ģ֮Ŵȣڸɶܲ룬ǲŽġ
𲻽˼֮ŴʲôҪš
ûͷɣѾɾ֣ͳһֽŷݸʵҽŵģʦҲЩ׼ɣεɲ٣üӲС
ӹ֪ˡ
ˣɣִԼĽͳһĲ
ǡ
׬ʯɣݳȥҲа˰ٶ飬Щҩĵöࡣ
ӹ֮дЩϲллɣʦ㣬ԸҴ
ֲȥȡɣϳİɣҶҵĺλã׼һ۾Ƽ
һ󶵸пѣйϵûϵǲһ
гˣƴ׼û
ɣߺպʯһĶݣһƵ뿪ء
ϨĻֻʣҽ͸ǩҲʮ
յ˰쿾质سĬˡ
ԡʲôģ
ĵһ죬ħһڶûܳԵ
л˵
𣺻ǿɣ
质Ҳ
𣺣㻹ˣ



ʮ 
ҿɸСѾͷ, ҪǲԣҾƺȣҾһֱ㣡ˣ
ɽ»ƵһС, һȹŮ첽, һõߡ
߲, ɫ, ƣһ¾ܷ֣ǰŮľ뿨ð㲻Ů٣ܽϡ
Ǹز¶ʮѲˡ
ʱ˿̣Զԡ
ֻƽʱԹĵʮؿһˮʣͱͻȻֵ˾ˡ
˲֪˭, ˵Ҳ, Щ־壬ֻųȾơɺϵǣûʳ, ֻӲͷƤߣ˦Է
Ǵĳֵġӵߣ֪ô
ٴδȵϼһҡĺ˿Ųʹһͣ, תԷ
û뵽ͻȻͣ£˽´˼, ɵĿվ, һֱͦ
ɫӵشǰˣ, ͷ, ؤͷҰ, ͷֻǱزüӡ
ô룬ڶóôһ

ĿǰûҵдϵͳҲ˵
һַһĨĨӣֱ׳ָСѾͷôͻȻͣˣ
Σ¶һ޹΢Цǰͣ£ұͣѽ
˼ǲͶˡ
죬Ѿͷݵģ˵øһҸոսôͣ
ЦӯӯոգԭǰڽѽһΪڽбء
˴סðصͷ˵㣡ţһ̯أأ
⣿ƣװȣҡҡͷϿûЩǾƣΥŹġ
̽̽ǲڵˡ
˻˫ۣ鲻мŹǶʲôҲܾеϷӣ
Ϸӣ
һҪнϷӵ𣿡
Եȣڲѯ
ϵͳ鲻͵ü׻˶סǴ˲⣬ǰȥ
ϣϷӼûеͷҲûҡͷǰһתȥߣססģȻֱ
ûж
ϷҲûͷֻǳɤӴߴ٣İ
𲻵òˡ
ˣʵԶ׼ر̫߳࣬ӡҲӵ
ǺܲĪܵİ˼ȥģ̫Σա
ֻܼϣڶԷǸˡ
ô룬ʱһ±ǽ׼浽ʱôһЩʱ䡣
ܿ죬ϷӴ˵ʮء
𻷹ܣʮܱߺܶɽʯӲïʢûκηݣҲ֪Էס
һϷֻ˸Ӱʹʯͷʧˡ
Щš
ǰϸѰңòײڲڸǵʯͷҵһСĿ϶Ҷӣ¶һĿռ䡣
Ȼһʯߣ
һ˲Ȼֺܿ췴ӦƳأĻǰϣ֮ٲĵʮءĵھųء
ΪмеأʮͨûʲôڸУӲǳСûʲôɫǾԡ
û룬һԾԳ¶ˡ
ûзֹʮôһʯߣ桭ԭסһ˵
Щ㱣óһҹ飬С˽ȥ
ҹ飬Ǻ½ʦġϾǴ򱦶ûã½˵ʦöУûС
ʯߣֻа˸ߵͨͨҼƣ濴벻סˡʯƵؽȥµĴȫǼӲ͹ƽʯͷ
ڣʯҲϷӵĵط
ôһԹ
δػֻǰҹ˾٣ľһࡣ
ʯ߲ȴҲխ˲¡һƤ̺һƤʣµģʯͷΪСʯͷΪʣоƺƱ֮ļߡ
ٿЩû϶ٻҳ֪ܵԷ϶ס˺ܾá
Ϸһʯϣʯϵľƺ˻Σ죬ƵذѺһš
ס˰ɣҰѾƺⶼˡ
𶨶ؿһЦǰҲҽ¸߱ˣ
룬Էľٶʵ졪ȻѾˣôͻȻһһʶ˴أ
Ҷ㲻ᡣϷҡͷԣ££°ǶĺӣһԲ⣬ǴˣԲñ˿֮Σ
ҲĵһɥȪգ
Ǹݽɫ
˶Էв֮⣬û⻰κʵԵɱ⣬ҲֻЦһЦǰˣǾ°ܵ
Ϸصͷڰ֣ȥȥ

ûйءϷӡľд
صƾӺϵͳͻȻ˵
𡭡ü˼ôҲ벻ͨԷΪʲôᰲ徻סôá
ټһţЩǻһˡ˸֪ǿѲɽӣôܲѪ⣬ǾأҪȥ͵İɣᱻ֣
ݡͷסáȾдҵ˼ϵд
˵ͣϵĶ˭
Ůʬ塢ɽ·ļؤ
ס
ҡҡͷȥ룬ˣȰѾƺ㶨ɡ
ʱ⣬԰ġмģѾˡڴŵģܱΪ⡱ģֻˡ
Ҳ⣬պһ¡
ˢɾһˮζʺɾһ£˷ŽС
㣬Ѿǳˡ
ˣƸôõ˼ΣȥһǱߵƣ˷ѹʵÿ궼üͰȻǺҪҽ˵ԣҪúٸ͵ȥ
ָԼ˻ɡ
ʱ󣬾ƺⶼѾ׼ˡ
һ̳ƣһ̳ʹ˻ص˵ʮԵʯ
ˣҶ˹
һȥϷӾͷ֪Ƶģʯͷһ
Ǳȹӻ顣
ȷԼ̳ڷģûһζܳ
һһŵʯϣѿժ£ӡ
ڵ˳
ͦ㰡~СѾͷղ
һۣĵȷʵ󲿷ֲڵĳ̶ȣ㣬һ
ʱ䣬һԹĦ˾;ƺζͷ㣬ʱʱһ̡
̳ȫˣѾֹȥһʱˡ
Ϸһ˵ƣҲǿ԰ɡ
ֻ΢Ц
̺ϷվĶӡ
СѾͷ˫Ŀ΢΢ţһͷʨӣɫҪ˵ʲô˵¡
ϸʣǰ˵ʲô
ϷӴ˸ãָָϵ̳ӣģ֮ÿ춼һ
ÿ졭
ͬһ;ư׳塣Цû뵽㲻㣬һ̣ˮģԵöе㷸ġ
ͬšüͷôû͵㣿Աͬ
뵽Ƴؿ˺ö㣬еۡ
Ϸûע⵽ı飬ôˣһһ˾Уæ
Ȼ֪æ治֪»ǱġѾԱĵĸˡ
ڣҲ֪Լմϴ鷳ˡ
֮㣡
֪ԼڱʤǷǳѺõصǰҪ͵ʲôʱ򣿡
Ϸ룬͵ϼһҳԷ˵ʱɡ
л˵
𣺰׳԰׺ȵڶ
质һ˭
𣺣

һ̶̵֧



ʮһ 
㿾, ȴڰôȻζˣʣ
Ƴصڰ˳رߣľΧһȦ, ϻų̳ƿľơɣ, һ߳ؿرǾµСཱུð, һʵ
Աһͬȴ, ʦ㣬ƽƳסΪģɣְִ̽Ѱؾֽʦ㡣
ʱѰֳɺüɸ˳ϵͳѡ
ֻϧͱû, ֻʦⳢһڡһ̾˿, Աߵ˵Ҳȥ԰ҪЩηۣͿڲҶϣҲޱȺó԰ɡ
㻹õ, ܳһڣֻڱ˵ˣһڶûһ˻صֶһ, Ц˵ߣȥ԰Ҫη, һ廨, ܿʲô
һڴ˵ʦã´ٿɱ˽ҡΪлϲʲôĵģʲô, 
ʦֵЦ, һĴվ۲龰, ⻰ֻƻȻϲϱ仯ЩԲ㡣
Щʦ˵Ǽⶼˣȥ԰Ҫ˼ϡ
ֻΪζ̫㣬˲ٹ·ӣҲûϧظ˷һ㣬ٶȸǷɿ졣ʣ޼ʱҪһЩ
ĴҲȫʳ֮ˡ
û취˾ǳˣǱֻûƷ͹Ӽӹɵϴպһ£ҲΪԭĿڸвͬԵõҲ㲻ֺ
ε̾һŻӦɣĻǰⶼˣֻˡ
˵գ˦˼ϵˮǿһ֭
Ѿɹǳɫˡ
ˣʦǶɡ
⼸գϷ˵Żͷ;ơƳزạ̊́ʱҲбĵǰûпϰߣǽɺȥʳøӴÿ¯ǳ֮ƣ¶ߡ
ҵǣⱻ˿ˡ
ԭ˳µʦƷԼգʵٴȳһݴϷӡ
ò˵ҲкôôõƵ⡣
ȥȣмλʦ˶ֶľˮ˻ɡ磬ơ
ɣʦ㣬󣬴ľˮʢϷӺ㣬һ綼ҡ
ܿ죬λʦѵŵڷźãźӣǵॼ
ɫ⵹˱ǣûаһɴζɣ˲ɳޣʦǺգյȥ
ʦɾͳԲˡͷ٩
뵹꣬ﻹʣ
ʦã㲻𣿡ֽϸ˹ﻹʣ࣬ʵ
һҪȵȣȥƾӳԡƳʾ⣬Ǳ߻ء
ֽῴԴϧʦʵࡣƹƳصˣ֪²ôġ
ɣѾСˣ̾һʦҲҪעǡ
Ҫǲ߳Ա˵пŶȡ𸹷ţʣµ̳ӣû취Ҷв
ԴյǷź棬ҪĲϵҲˡУмصṩʱֵѣΪǰϯԼҩԭϡ
Щѱã󣬾Ҫű࣬ҪַιŪ졣
Ӳķʵ⣬Ϊ֮ǰ书ܾѾ£ѵһͷܻΪ棬ƿǶ
ʣµģֻôܶȣͷȺ˳ˡ
ùһɸǾӨ͸ĵɫѣͷϸСеĺڵѾ죬ѪܵĺۼԾš
ѣвʮվܷȷչܳ䵽ֲɹĵطԼ¡
ĿһһӹɸƵȫһɸһɸزһ𣬵ǳư죬ɫ廨š
շ¶ȣʺϵıӦڵʮءԵھųΪ磬ԽԽůʮؼµĳӾϷסĵʮ̫ھųַ㣬Ųòһѡƫĵڰ˳ء
ĿǰΪֹѾɸɹ
֮һԽѡ
ڶɸǰ߹Եһɸǰһ㶹С磬ӫޱۣһ类еò˵Ĥ
ָȥŪɫСǶ󵨺ι
Խ͵ѣ˿ϵĲģ죬ֻιҩò˼ָܳСȻ󡪡ˡ
Խʳĵҩƿó뵹ȥȴǿտҲ
ôСż죬żţ
ȻҲˣԽԼȥ
سŴ޴̵⣬ͼһɫӰعȥ̧ۣڵر¨ٳһƴģ
ʦãʲôȥɣʡ
ȥԽ塣װ̳ӣҲ˳ƿƣֻһͷԶˡ
ʦáֽЦãһЩûü˵ڡ
ıµԽԽˡɣٹ꣬ŵûбʦߵˡֻϧ
ϧ
ϧԸŽɣԴҲǲ⣬ֻҪԽ壬Ų⣿
ҿԼɡֽεЦЦʦñԼһء

Խϡ
ɽţ庮ɽĻҪֻ֣Ϊ˸ϰ
뺮ɽƽ̹ʯ̨ͬԽɽƽ̨ʽ״Խߣʯ̨ҲŽտĵĿҲʯ̨һ
ʱѾٽ磬ʯ̨ԽȴǺܶ࣬ȻڶɢھϢ
Ƭ̣ǲ㿴ԽıӰԷƺ˳ʯ̨С·뿪ȴͣһ̸ʲô
ȥԣ˵ĶԻ
СΣ
سá
ô÷
ģϳʺһһ⣬ʱգؽ֤
˫Ŀ΢пǧһͷһμд˵ۡη
̶һοЦ
Խ۾νģȻļΪȷʹˣҪ˵ģĲϡ
ﵽôŮ̸ģ

ÿɷ
ΪټȥֱȥڵشкԼ˵ˣֽ
ֱȥҸԽŵӵģκδǳҪǵһԽ壬ֻˡ
Ȼ࣬ԴҲƽͽˣ
һ˼Ϊȴѽʹãðɣ
޷˿һۣһѷֵĻȣƷˡ
ǵְڡЦŻشһٴ뿪ˡ
ˣóô˵
뿪Խ壬ûлȥʮأѸղЯ̳óֹˣʯߡ
ϷӺܻ
ϰΪ߹ȥذ⵹Ѿưϡ
鷳ˣСѾͷϷЦøһʰӾͳԣ㣡
Щȷӵй󣬺ʱһ
鷳˵ʵܺú󣬵ϵͳʱͺˡ
ϷȴڳǿЦǺǵ¿ӣҪߣæס
𲻽ͷҵʰʱ䶼ˣôͻȻˡ
°ɡ
ҳ꣬һмҪ㡣ϷӵǰδеŪҲֻõͷһʯͷµš
ڣ¶ǣƿҲûˡ
ϷֵôЦ˵⼸յľƶ~Ʒ¶žˮС
ϷӰЩƶʲôˮ˵˸飬ĵʵǸƸף֪Ʒ˶ټ
ԡȷʵǶŵģѲɣλˣ
Ըϼһͷ˵ƳܸұŷŪȣ˵㲻Ҳһϯ֮أ˲ʦţ˵Զš
ϷӵĳƪۣȿŷڿԼɵü
ô¡أ鷳ԤԽԽˡ
ϷӰѿһۣԹԵվ˫棬СѾͷͨҵĿ飬ƢԡƷԣǲһ˽꣬Ϊֻһ׹֪Ҫһ˼̳²ΪһרͻƽƵĹҪǲҪ
Ϸ˵ٴ죬ֱԭء
룬֪˭ˡ
л˵


ʮ 
ʯޱȾ, Ψʯӹʹ¶Ƚ˼֡
ϷĵĻػ𲻸׳, ˼ȴȻתǧء
ͻƽƵĹ
߸һ, 㸣, 뵽һֱǡ
ʱ, Ȼ쵽ص㣬ԭʱš
ȷҲԵϡ
ĻǰˣԭһֱûδһֱŶǸˡ
ʵǡʵǡ
Լ
, ǲЩ죿
뵽, ˵ҲϷһޣֻһǶŮһǶ
Ȼ, Ůһ԰
²Щʱ򣬰ϵָô
ν£̰ʵȨ֮ˣҲҲζ, οⱾǵռ, ׼ʲô߰ĺЧӦ
鷳ּҪڵϡ
ι, ˿ͬʱһС, ޶, ûй, ֲʤǰи
ֲɽʳʦֵڶ࣬ǰָһˣʡ
ϣϷԲкβʤΣ
ǱһĨѲˡ
¶һ޿κε΢Ц˲ʤΡΪѴҲĶࡣǽǰ⣬޷ǰˡ
Ϸۣһ죬Ҳ˵˭֪˶٣ңʦкţ˭ͽܣ
ƾһ֪ԲܾѷǷӦ𣺡ʦţֻһŵӡ
ŵӣ
ϷӳԾصɴ˫ۣ㾹ŵӣ
ѽĪǿŵӣ
̫ˣЦصͷȷʵֻŵӣ޷Ρ
ãϷӽһĴȣĻǸˣ
ֱӴס
Ԥȫһ
ұģĸľҲԹ˲ϾϷ߶ֻŵӣԼǾٺòˣ
ǰ˻
ϷӺЦһ⹦ҰԵϰ߱ͻʺʣӴ˱㲻ϰϵĹɡ֧Ķ࣬Ψһȥ֪һ뷽򡣡
ǰϰʲô򣿡𲻽̽һ¡
ͲˡϷϣϰѵģֻһ·ӡ
ʲôأǰҪ˵һ˵գûס˼һ£ֻǵһרҵʲôȻʱŷӡ
áҲ򵥵һ࡭ʼԣϰֽ׶Σ˽ƣͻϷӵҲԵ֮ţ֮
磡
Ѳɣ߳Ľ缼ܣǴѧģ
õĶڸɽʱѧˣκûͷѧҲ·
ǵȫѹ򡭡
ͬʱҲϷӵĽЩˡǡֻǲѧԳϵĹƩеġ񹦡ΪʿԽЧʵϰϵϵķ㲻ϳԿ
ϾһŵӣһҲòλ洫
Ϸӽŵ˭°ͽʦŹԽʦ⹦㣣˷ֻ֣ŵӣ׾٣
һ䣺ѧ⹦㽫ϴ跥ǣһǧѧκ淨ּ
൱ڼ˸ѧbuff
˼ڿҲĸʦţļƻδܹǮ·ԶǷǣȻҲ±ı¡Ϸӵ飬ܲ˵ȷʵһĶ
ֻһ㡭
ϷӳĥһۿĶҡЦСѾͷҹҲǲ⣬£ھ㹦
˵գ־Ҫץ
𾪵һ㣬̧۱㿴ϷҲưոݵ񣬵±ο²ôȥˡ
Ϸʯ˼Ȧǰ⡢ⲻǿѣ
ϷӺٺһЦⱲӣϲǿѡ
Σٴ̧ʵǰңܷһΣֵΣ
Ϸ͵Ǳ㲻ã͵ǿˡ
Ǵ󷽡
˼˼룬ϯض̹Ȼǰɡ
£ϷӷͣԭأôױӦˣһΪҪƾܼ죬йŹְɣ
ʣԸǰܷŹң
Ϸҡͷᣬһٴ


ǲˡ
˵Ѽӷջ𣬵ѼӷҲûʲô취ֻ˵ԾƺǺϸ񣬴¼Զ׽С¼͡
һĨת˲ţץס
Ϸ£ԸΪ͹
УоһޱӴ䣬Ϊؿܾ衣ԭе罭һתҲǰӯ̫࣬Ͷ֮䣬ܷǰø׿Խƿ
ʱˡӹ׿Խ
ʾͲһ֮ң
ʵĻ֣ʱӹûʲôãڱ׿Խ֪вͬ
˱ˡ
ֱ̥ǴﵽˡϷӴΪ̽ϲطŮʱԤиߡ
ֵ˵ԼĶͷʱϸһ룬ӡ
ֱ֪ӸʡϵͳС١
ϵͳĻվȹ
Ϊٶȱл죬ҲãǸͷ
תͷҪлȴԷϷӵ״̬ɣ˲١
ҲǡϾΪ
ϷӵлϷȴ˰֣еİҲˣһǧΪûа׷ѡ
ɶ
ϷӵóƵЦϼһҴĲ꣬һǧ꣡
ԭأһʱԳ
һǧꡭŮܵΪ࡭
Ϸ֮䣬ΪԽ࣬õҲԽ࣬Ҫи£㲻ܲ죡

е
ȷ˵֮飬ϲ壬𱨣ǴϵͳܶȲˡ
úôͬʱҲˡ
ǰ˵𼷳΢Ц
İɣϼһҪ㶼ܰ쵽
Ǯƣ࣬뻨˾ͻˣ˾;ȼˡϷһָģĽӡ
Ƕ֪ѹε飬;ˣٲþˣǲˡϷڶָģĽӡ
ҸҽأϷӻһ飬һһ𣬡ˣǲ֪ˡ
𿴼˫۾еһգңһҪһ
ʡ
ΪϷӵ滹һסΪķϰķ֮
ôô졭
һʱ벻ֻӦ˵
šϷóһʵŷ⣬õͳɫ࣬ţһֱͣȴûͳȥҵľѡ
δ
ͯң
һ
ͯҡǡ
ϷӰһ˰գϼһҲҪˡ
߬һѶ˵ԷʯߣʱȫȻӰ
˷Ψз仨ˮ
ԭվã̾һ
鷳

ҹƾӡ
£⼸иĶͨͨ˳
ʵҲ˵ġߣ֪Ϸӡ
ܹöָһ壬һš
ָ嶼ʣƷʼߣҲԼָġ
ʵҲȷˣĶֵǣǾ棬óһͺܾˡ˱ƱģǮǶˣһ㡭ü㡣
ǽеĶȵҲͶͳȥˡ
ŷ⣬ڵ·ȥؿֿҲûҵκдڷƤϵϢ
ֻʣһңֻҪĵȴñְ˳ȻͿˡ
ţͲȥ
ϾͯңԭŮļңʱŮѾûмˡ
ŮΪͯء
л˵
ãԼС



ʮ 
֮, ͵ýŸɻˡ
ǰһһͷȻռʱ䲻࣬װŸ, 㡢Ҿơ취, ǺķѾ
ϲһһ, ռ˼, ׼Ͼ΢Щ
ڣѹˡ
Ųϵһһ飬òϣôÿɻСʱɸɻСʱ

Ʃڣɸûʼѣɸʼ, ʮɸѾ硭չ˾ͷϴľ
һ¹ļƻҲˡ
, ѷ罻ȴû뵽˵黹Խķιĵҩ, ̬֮ƣ֮ᣬϡңǻĵдԼιʽ, һЩȽܾͣɶûС
, ڰ˳صС, ϸϸ쳣
ȱˡ
ÿɸ϶Ҫ, ֿ˿ϵͳֳ״̬, ֪ٲˡ
Ǽ׵ذ˼ʯͷͼ, óѾõ˿īóߴ磬ʹͼܣƴãһ֮ܵϸĹܡ
˵򵥣ȥҲ鷳òУƴӹܵҽǶȸϸ»żãֻ˲̵ʱ䡣
ųĹسذѰ˰죬һˮҵ˵ܵӿڡ
֧ܵȥ󣬵ڰ˳ؾʽϵͳĴѭ
ˮ˳ӹͨӿڵܷҲãְˮݲס˹ӡ
֮ǰΪʱޣֻ̲࣬˵һصģзָ֧ܵտɴ
ɸ״ָ̬Ծֿ˿ʱ䣬̡
ӽ糿𴲿ʼû뿪ڰ˳أǸϢһˡ
С컹ûιء
뵽һ㣬ǰƾӵ·һͷתȥ˵һء

һ质ĵݣ˼쾹Ȼû
Ůǵһʱġ
质΢˶͸ɴ̯ǱȺչһ京ŵֻĿ޷Ŀƿ
ĺ㡭
ߴһ̾质Ȼһ̧ͷŮ֪ʱվǰ
ÿ
ŮЦӯӯؿ֣ḧȥ
质ѾϰÿζҪһѵľٶʶǰȴûǸղһ˲ľ¡
ȻŮˣɲʲôס
֪ԼҴ˼Ѿҳߣһͳҩ֬篣ϡ
С죬˰ɣԣ껹б¡
质ľسӭͷϣζƵĽ˽ְѷĩ״һ˳
˵ʵѾˡ
ûٹȵʱûмһյسͬһֶŮʳȻˣȫûʱŵе롭
¡
ôˣϷˮƬķĩָ˴Դ
ԴˮһһҲûзƤļ󣬾ǲ֪ôˡ
质ûؿһۡ
еۣû취ʱܱһٲԶ㲻ϣմðҩ֬ʼÿյıˡ
̧֡
质һֻ
β͡
质β˦ȥ

质ѱ
̺ܿպùߣˣ쵽ˣúϢ㡣˵꣬һ۴ظ˿ڡ
֪ǲЩҩã˿һ˿ָļ󣬱ȸտʼʱСһЩԵҲһЩ⡣
꣬óǰõ˫ݲݸ࣬»ϣͱһҽĵҩ
һľȫ㶨ˡ
֣תߡ
ڳ质ıӰֹ
УŮΪ쳣ҪǰһҪҳΪʲôԷԵɵģһǵʱ
ڣʲôˡ
Īǡ˱㣿
ͷһ质ͺ޲øԼһ£ʱ̫У˰ɡ
ŭ֮䣬βͲˮ죬һƬˮ
质˿˼
Ҳע⵽Լ˿ڣȷлָļȻܺù˿Ҳ֪ŮιҩˣǴɢ
ȴͻȻˡ
质ûȷӦԴԷ󱦱
ʲô
վŮ˵治ŵһɴųҩˮˮУ质ʱܺ
˫ݲݼˮ̫æˣ㲦ˮԼ٣Ȼݵҩ˷ˣҲ̫Ծˣԣ
质㽩ס
Ī
ߺ质ֱε䣬ڿԾ嵽ˮϺ
̬ȴҲˮԼֻˮԭε״̬
ⱥˮҲˡ

ƾϢһװˡ
ʣµʱ䣬Ҫɵءĳءء߳ء
Ϊ磬һȵĴջҪʱˡ
νջ񡱣ǰﳤɵ̳δɵԿռ䡣ϾƳܱ㣬ĳɳٶȶ൱ˣÿһʱջͻ۳֣Գˮ
˸һ׼յأȴؿһֵӰ
س
ƳصɫӷسѾԽŵӷɫ·ܹճеͦˣҲԵøΪɴ䡣ϸĻ·аƣˮƵ
жţԽ壬ˮԽ࣬ݵĵλԽߡ
ڣô
ƺת
𿴼ʪ˴Ƭﻹһ¶ˮĲֿѾ㣬ҲӦһʱˡ
ʦ㡣سǰһʺ
˵⣬ǿ첽ǰӹӣѯʣôˣ
԰źӦóв԰Σôп֮ǰĵط
ίߡô붼ԸֻǱԭˡ
سû֣ԹԵذŵʦˣҴӦĻæȻǡ
ԼҪæҲӦˡʱԷŵӣ˳ţǰҲ˵Ӧһ
ԭʱ˵
Ȳѣž飬ҲͲҪгŵˣû뵽μǵá
Ǹúӡ
οû´æֻһ¡
ȻȰּúسִӽͳ
괹ӣʦʯʣµ٣Ҳˡ
ЦʣԼãŽһ°ɡ
سæͣŵһ·ʯúãͨˣټһЩ
пǧ̤ŵżΪϸһܱøǮ츳ڷŬģٲˡ
͸ѧһ
ӹ˰ʦˡ
˶٣ĵϸгŵԺÿҲֲõģֿڣʦܣţʦָֻ¾ͺãǰæĳŵʦˣԺ󡭡ɡ
سһ٣ûд𻰣ͷ
׼˼ֻվһԣöԡ
ʱȥصĳȫպãҪȴسԼ£ʦ㣬һȥĸأ
ûϵسȻ꣬ǲ⣬Ҫȥ
ʦ㲻ȰңⱾҸġ
㿪ĶºһЩʵҳէʱʲô¶ʦңţиǸмʦĴңС£ʦԳˡ
˶ʱף⺢Ǳ۸˰
֮ǰֻܼظЩʲô£ǰԺ󱲵ѰسһԱȣͶԱȳĺˡ
룬ֱʣҿز֮ͱˣǳʲôô
֪ʡسش滰ûϾʱ䶯ͬһ㣬οǴӱ˵Ŀȡ
ϣسˡ
ˡ
س֮齲һ飬ڱߺ󣬷̽ľ֮ǰʱѹסͻˡ
Щͨĵطسʯͨĺɫȴм覴ãǱǽ֢ڡ
Ǹô죿ʶ׷ʡ
û뵽ƾԼͻƻ𣿱
ʮʯϷӣСѾûˣΪ͹Ҳ
ˣ
ɫ΢һ䡣
سûע⵽˵ֻܼ谭лûҵ취ȥѯҲֻ˵˳Ȼ
˵ͷʦҲ̫ģԣ˳Ȼá
Ҳ˵꣬Ҹͨͨ
˵ǰǱȫԼȿܲͻưɡ
ߡҸᡭ
ЩԼ˼ǱسѾˣʦ㣬أ
ʶشˣȻعسȻӰ
һʱ䣬°빦ذѹˡ
ջʵ̫࣬װʵûа취سԼѿᵽһء
ʱԽˮ棬质˸š
ĴĿԭ⼸ææŸһ֮ǰǻ˵һԶգ۵Ĺ͸
ߣسְ˸ٰͶڵĸһյĹ
ѾʱˣԼ㡣
ʦ㣬Ҹˡسվ´
û˵´βˡٳɿ뿪ˡ
سԶȥıӰԼ˰Σͷ̾˿
ɾһͷ񴲱ϵĴײһ
Ȼһͣ
СС졭
质𾪿ֵ񣬺Ȼǻصˮˡ
˿һ质ѾγһұճҺɫǳ̫࣬ɫһճϣγһֺòǱĹ۸С
УѾɹˡ
ˡ
ˡ
л˵
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ʮ 
֮, 质Ըٻ䣬Ƕǿĥһڣˮ޴Ĺܿǰ, ƵⱩɹλ, ŵֵҩ﷭
һ, ֱǹ, ֲԤС
˿̣质ܴһ͵ظˮ
ͬʱǱŮڻġ
质Ӧض˶˸Ļ
ˣŰɡ
ϡ, 
ڵҹɫˮҲӳ, ŵ׵Ĳɫǳˮˮû, ҲպýĴȫ
质شţƮǳ͸ˮƮҲѾʱ״̬
ħޣȻԭ, Ҳˮɹ¡ȫ⡣
ֽܿԽ, Ҳֻˡ
质ƳŮ͸, Լ¾һ˿Ρ
Ѿˮʱˡ
ʱҹм΢, Ѿϰˮ¶, Ȼ·ˮʪ, Ҳж䡣
ĲݴԳ죬һֻ׳˶ܱ˳˼˻ȥ
֪Ѿˡ
ͷ壬ɿ֡
ûмȰֱϻֿز±ˮ㣬Ӧû԰ɣ
¡ˮΣһ飬Ӧô
ˮص·վĿһˮζҲȫչţųһ
һߡͱɴнˡ
Ƶߵϣ¹Ϳʼš·

ͬʮ飬һ̲ˮ
质ŰϵŮֲԷĻǳЩڡ
ûиһôοһŮˡ
㲻ȻζⱻȻΪ˺֢ȫ벻ƽʱ鶯Ĵ㵽ʲôưԼ񴲴ϣôõġ
ѵǱס
Ѵ֮ϸϸΧ񴲼˺ü飬ͼҵκοܳΪΣԴͷأȫûջ
ϾϵͳƷͼģĥôмĴ̺Ͷֶ
Ǿֻǡ
뵽пܰԴײɵˣֵǵذѴȥ˰СʱϣôĴԻԾ˵ǣЧ֮Ҳָ˻
ڰϴ磬ٶȶ˲Եˮһȷϴ״̬úͻȥˡ
ڶգٸð
˵ʶ쵽ôðƾκشӴȷһԼֻе㷢ա
ߣߡϵͳ͵ӦģӦΪΪҲδ볣˷롣
ǿ𰸡һֱѹԼΪȣǲǵڣϿ쵽ڣĻҪᵤˡ
Ҫȣ
ôҪˮʮСʱĳ̶Ȱɡ
ϵͳĴ㣬²Ϊʲôܰѽᵤ˵ô򵥰ΪʲôҪˮʮСʱ
ûֱ˽ճ
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إһռ׼ˣѲǰʮأѲӺ߳أɹѣȡ֡
Ȿдִ꣬ӹóһӡ
˽ռǡ
빤¼ͬռдĶǸϸĹݼĵᣬƩһĹ۲ռǡԴ̵㣬ռǵǾͱӿʼ𣬴ԼҲд˼ʮҳˡ
üд˾䣺СƷ

ɼ
ʹĶͷдһ䣺
ʹԸӡ
֮ǿдһ߰㲻֪ƵĶȵӿտҲźϱӡ
ơ
ʱ䣬ɺͷˡ
򿪷ţȡɺ׵ŵӣһС㡣
ƿӣ̲Сࡣ
ͳһ嵭緹ʵЩˣҲûں£һֻɺװ˻ȥ
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ҪҾͻˮϢˣ첻СӦŻָÿ״̬ȶ˲ܷġ
ĩּһ䣬ҾȥһۣûҾͻ
ϵͳǰ
ܿ죬˵һء
ȿһûߵȺܺãܻԾٴŲߡ
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Ŀĵĺۼе㲻߽΢΢ֻۣΧīɫ
һҰĲǳɫĴ㣬ǰ׶Ƥ
ֱĨߣŷĵذ۾ȫ
һ鶯յɷ·Ǵðͷкʾ⡣
ڳһԴ
һ质;쵽˲ԡ
Ůһůģǽյȡ
̧ۣŮӸһҺ죬βЩʪǱҵݴ˿̸ʢһ㣬һƬɫ
ǲ̬
质ͷһ
漴ֵŮԵǾȡǲȣ
质Խŵע𣬲Źÿʱÿ̵붯ңֱصߣҲû¶ֳŲסģ
ȷЩͷ裬һ㰲Ȼ˾;ˣ漴ջûι㣬ӽóһľͰ￴ֻʣ֮һˡ
Ǹˡ
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ǸһһĶܻܲζ
һо״̬һЩ糿һһĸоҲ࣬ЩΣӹʱ
æ֮䣬˫ݲȥˡ
˫ݲݵģֻɫЩ죬ǳɫڱϣһһùߡ
£ЩϵͳȴյмӹͳƣεӪȼﵽĺô6%
ٷ֮
붯Щԥˡ
ӹϣӳɴ󲿷ֶ2~5֮䲨ǧ֣ξȻﵽ˰ٷ֮
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˵꣬Ϊ˶Դ㸺𻹲һų֮ǰҲûûεĶûʲôζεֻһ㡭ࣿ
Ҳ÷ֻ࣬ʲôࡣ
˫ݲûȥϡͺӦûʲôζ
˫ݲݵȫû׼ȷ֪õȫľͰžͻ˵һء
质ȺʱټоػҲࡣ
ٶȶһŮɫּһͰʳĵǻǸֱ棬һˡ
ԭǴڲ˵ġ
ٵǰ质ŷǶɫƺЩһ
ѲɣŮ룬Ϊζ
质ЩԼûʶ
ľҨʳ£质׼һڡ
ֱ
ʱûʶԣͻȻͣ˶ҲˣСز˲ˮ
Ǵûֹѵ̫óˣóԵֹ
ι质³ϡ
ȿȡޣ
ϸСЩ˳ŷ϶ˮܱߵСᣬ˦ͷˡ
质ŵ俴Էһ⣬䡣
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质죬ӿĿζѪݵĳ
ζϤˡ
˫ݲݡ
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ע£质ˣˣ䵽ˮףҲһ¡
𣺣
ôˣ
л˵
ζԻ
𣺰ٷ֮
质



ʮ 
Ӿôһһȥ, Ҳһһ֪ǲ¶ȵԭִʳ½˺ܶ, ˮҲԲ˼ˡ
, Ͷι, ϶һҨͰ, ӹϹҩСڵĴ㣬ʳֱһܶ
ǺԤס
ǣѹζˮζ˫ƴϣʳθ
˫ݲݿζģȫˡԭڵڶ첡úֳһ, Ϊζľ, ֻһζĳζ䡭
С죬ˡ
ȻϵǸҲΪ, ˫ƴҲûִ㻶ģƺˣÿľͰͻúԶ
ǵģ质ˡ
ζ, ֱջЩɬôˮڶû롣
Զζ
质ԽԽ, ԽԽ, ʼƻú뿪ڵĵһʱҪʲô
ѹܱߵ˫ݲɾ, һҲ
ٲ˭˫ݲŮ, һϳͲ
, Ժħ粻ܿһ˫ݲݵӰӣ
Щ质е̹ˣǲԸγ
֪ŮȻٸֶϾڶŮر˵˺ö㹻ĻʵЩˡ
ͣһʱɣڴڼųԲκζ
质ʼ˼ᶨľʳ
ֻøϽ취
㵫һ⣬ǶԲƲ£
ʱٽգջ˲ǣ·Ƴص˶ܿɫˮڰ߻Ρ
κδȫˣЩ󶼱㣬ƬˮϢ
һգգա⼸ԼҪֻ篺Ͱҩ֬㶼ԹιϣôҲ
ѵĲԸˣ˵õϵͳƷأ
ѹϵͳϵͳҲίϵͳ޷Ԥ֪뷨ֻάӦõӪʣܿǷԸʳá
ǾǴԼʳˣ
ˮеĳ쿴ֱֿ质ò̫ڡ
ĬĬ˼硪ҲûãȻָ֮ħбٹˡ
Ŵ㲻ϵĶı֣ڤ˼㾿ϲʲôѹιĹϹ߲㵰ҩɸѡһշһûԹ
Ǿ⡣
֮ǰļ𶼱ͱĵӳԹˣһ鶼ûôûпܣԻûȤ
뵽һ㣬԰һˣպ԰ΪŲʳõͰڵġ˵ֵ⡣
֮еţ⡣
ڰ߿ʼ⡣
û԰ذףʹС˵ױ֬סҲϣ˦˰һ߶೤ıգմ⡣
õչ£ŴʹĹâŮ䣬ɴĵ质ĪЩ󱳷顣
ʵ벻ͨһŵӣҲ󣬵Ǵѧô߰ա
һĴָСѩͰڣ׻˼£֤ʸеԡⶡĴСŴͳߴеģһһҲҭס
ûãֻ޵޹ǾͱˣһľͰҲÿҪˡӳرЩˮϴ֣µ֬ˮ渡һ߲ʵĺۼ˲Сܡ
质ϴɾ֣˵ڴǲܵġʱ䣬ۿŶԷ˲ʮεĿ⣬岽趼ġȰѼġϸʼյľһͷ״ϴٽ鴮棻𣻴֬ͿĨȫĹϲ֪ķĩ
Ȼ֮ŮľͰǽǡ
ţ
质Ӱȴȫûмľ˼ٽǰͰһţЦӯӯ˵С죬˰ɣ
Ů˵꣬ʢһҨ飬ͷ
质𲻷ԤľٶŪˣһʱûбܿƾⶥԼͷϡ

质Ŵֱ³飬ԱġŵŨ⣬˿᲻¡
Ѳɣģ
质̧ۣȴŮսӡЦӯӯˮ۵
ġ
质Ŀ⣬ʵʵзˮȲһͻȥʧڸްӰ֮С
Ȼǲԡ
质޷Լ飬ڴѾõĶ˺Ūһˡ޷֪Լͼ
Ҫħ磬Ҳ롢Դ˼ħޣʬǾɢˡ
֮У质ȻоȵĶĴߣͷһŮһ⣬̽͵ߡ
ǰָⷺŵۣ⻬ӨָޱƯһɵģƻϢıǼ䣬ⱾζԾſ졣
Ȼѳԡ
˼质ǵǻƳɵ⣬㲻ϣŤתһߡ
ŸûôһͰ⣬ǣȥҪݳɸˣ
ȴϣʮչ󣬴㲻ûݳɸͣԭȻҪһء
峿һأ׼ٳһ¸ιȴԶԶطеĳ첻ζһСǿԽֱ΢档

첽˹ȥڳȷ֮ǰ˰ߺ¶Щɻ顣
ѵԲǶԵģ
ʱ质ĬسˮУٹܱߵĶ
Ȼſʼյħԭˮһϸ΢Ĳ޵Ԩһô©һɶԭģ壬Ҳʮ֤ʵ⵽ǴӰ쿪ʼС
ٹһʱ䣬̫֮ã־뿪ˡ
质ʱյ龰ȻʹӦħҲܷŮιЩá
˵ЩζʳʣΪ˾صǰ״̬绹Ǽԡ
뵽质ϵĲʸУſ죬ʾŮǰͶʳ
԰Ĵû
Ŵ죬˰֡
Ŵ㲻ĸ߹ޣȫ˹԰ģⷬı֣ιʳ²Щɡ
Դιɵ˰ɣ
ľͰǰ״̬ǿ质ɨһۣޱ졣
ôһû⣬Ͷι㣬ƳһɫӰӴԶʹѾܾûҲϵóԷ˭
ʦ
Ѵ˦С˵ȥԶһ㡣
质˦÷£ˮŷԼչ壬ȴҲûԶ
վͬʱǵӰҲһ¶͵Ц⣬ϢȴȴǰƮ죬Զ׼ؽˡ
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˵ͷ溬Цؿ£ʦùзʵˡ
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Ϊ̾Ϊ佱֪һʱȰ棬ԺŬ׾ˡ
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ʦǰ̤ڣֽѾǺ˰ɡ
Цʦδ̫߿ˣ⼸Ƴطæ˲һ㳤Ҳûء
һ˵ĺе̫ˡ
Ȼǿ͸һʦ̫ǫ飬ƽ͵̬Ҷƥġ
𣺡
·ܵΣһּƷҲҪɳӲ룬֪ʦá
ûȤƽϲΪ˷ֹ˵̫죬ɣҵΪ̫ͣʵϲ̨档
ҡҡͷͬţԼŵΪ綼ǰС
ûôţӹӹµµ֮ࡣ
𰲾˼Щ£ֻΧ۵£ҪԲμӡ
ͬأΪɡƷ棬ߣԵõʯԼյϢʱ䡣˵
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Σҡ
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Ա꣬ʦˣҸʱҵġ˵꣬æ𣬡ڰɣ
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κʱ㶼Խٵߡ
ǡ质ţĵЦ˵õ
ⲦˮС졣
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æ㣬̫֡
пƳؽʦ㣬Ǹľ
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ؿڣһתͷһƳȴǴͷûаڹ֮⡣
С죡
ԴͰ˹˵֮ǰ˲١
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质Ȼ⻹ֻǿʼָпܻصǰ̬ʱһᱻ
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⣬һʱѾõľҲͻƵļ
ӡȬͬʱܿҲܰһ̬ˡ
л˵
ν̬
质У
Уɽ



ʮ 
Լ
³, ڿۿɼؽΪӦʢ棬ɽŵÿһʯ϶һݣζķģ, ൱гŶԴ˴ӡ
˿, , Ĳá
⿴ͷĻ, ֻпիŵˣЩ֪ҪҹͣЪϣοҪάֻ䲻ή¡
ǽп಻龰
ӽ峿ͨ·ϾͶ˺ܶƽӰЩһӵ鼸ȫд, , 򾲣ƶЩˡ
·ɽС·ϣƵͬɢƵ, ڼ仹ż·ߺĻһ
⻨ɫƾӵÿ˵أһ֧֪黨ó΢Ļտº, ʵںˡ
ϵͳδüشǼλƵӰɹ, ߡ
ôŻҪμŵӿǲסˮƽ, е㵣˰
ѭЩӰȥ¶Էʧ
ЩӰĴ, ǸŷΡ
, й涨Ϊˮƽ, ŶãÿһﵽŵӶҪȨߣڲ̤ؾȻ
ŵӾͲһˣŵձ鲻ţҲûšڼ֮ڴﵽ־硱ƣ񶼿ˡͬģҲҪʵٴﵽŵϺ̫⡣
ûǵ֮ĽΪǵɹ֮á
ơҲǳǩƣս
漴ǩĴд裬ƶĹ㹫ƽűţűš
̷չʤĵӻҪһһϣȻŶš˵ŵûȽӡ
ÿ˶ŵڲ룬ŵӵͷص㡣
֪Ҫǰԭ飬سӦڲ롱ŵӻܵĿڣѾŵˣҲˡ
ԣһΣͷϷֻŵˡ
˼֮䣬ƳӰԱɽɹֱֱ庮ɽȥ
һ·ĵӣ׼ȥǩġ
֮ǰѾӱĵ˵εŵǵҳСֿաͿЪ¾˳ˡ
ô
ţѾһأǰһѡ
һѽ𡣡
ԴɻȻʲôаҪ鵽ֿգ͵øŵӱˣ
װĲ񰡣
һСˣ̯ӿ϶ʰǿĿ֮£ˣûȵ֡
ŵӱʱְɣһѽ
һѴԴ
꣬ӽó㷹⡢ϡʵӶɣζζˮ̹ŵ㣬ûмΣӪֽ
С죬еģ˰ӣҨһֱ
质ӣʵ벻ͨΪ˻һιĬĬˣڲʳﶼħµѡ
ڲμ·ʱպÿι𣬶ʱһӣͷϷڰպʦã㻹ȥǩⶼʲôʱˣ
̧ͷһۣϵͳʱ6:04
úܡ
ǵӣطֶԷǿڲżѹǸЦҶȥˣһǷǳӵҴָʲôٵһǩòȥ
룬е˵ǰǩˣʣ¶ǻǩô죿
ǩͻǩ⡪
˵һ룬Ȼо𼺷־̫ãͻ˸˵ΣҶᾡԼŬġ
ŬճȥϢ
ӱжˣʦã㣡ȹȥҲЩɡ
˵գųͷˡ
质ԶȥӰĿ⽥תǰŮ
ЩŮ϶˵ڵ֪Ůȥ롣
Ǻ桭ܶڵĵӣչ¶ʵ
质֪ŮӵеԶֹչֳЩաṲ̊ˮɱ֮ı£Ǽ¡
ɽڵһŵӰ
质˿ħ̫Ϊˡ
ۡ
һָһݡ
Ҳ̫ϲˡ룬ΪСɣǵƬ۵ĺܲŵڣ
һҲǿġ
һͰι꣬ϵͳʱѾ7:20ڣֻáһƬɫĴ̺Ӿʹˮ﷭ת˦质һͷˮ
ˣˡ
һ£ѾǸ˾СбҨȵڱϡ
ƷɽŵʱƽǴɨݵĵѾӰȻæųǩȥˡ
˵Ц֪ͨԼд⡪Ϊ˵ɨɽŵĵҲڡΪĽޣȴûɨɽŵĵʵ϶Ǳŵӣš
ŵӣ࣬൱һҲ»ơ
Դϲּ¾͸ڴˮƽپʲôΪֹ

ɽ
ڼϯӵ£ÿĵһһǰȡԼǩġ
еӶӦǩĺǲŻȥֻỰ
˶ȡǩļ́ͷ˿ϻʣһöľǩ
˭ûϯӣ飣һȻɵĽģûбʱʡ
˸Ҵ𻰡
һƷˣƬ̱㷢Ǹû˭
ʧЦҪ˵ʲôͷһĨӰڷٿǺӰ״ִֹû˼ˣΪв
ͬһ̯һѱֱָ֣Ӱ
ۼֿ죬󣬡˵ˡ
˾سȥֻһɫȹŮŶġι״㣬ƮƮǰ
ģʲô㣿
Ʒģʦ/ʦã
Ҳѱ㣬㻹СʱͿϲضŪ
ʹΣǲΪ𺳣ȥƳصĵѱĴۻ㣬Ƭӵ㣬͸עĿˡ
ɨµǾı飬ɾмֺЦ
ڶ۰Ͱţ㱳ϵŮ˕iüĿ续ʱǴżĿм̡
Ϣ½Էܡ
ʱ˿̣㱳ϵ𣺡
ˡ
ǵȫڵжںˣѹϵġǵӣҲ͸ողŽǩһأ
һƬѹѹͷ۾𲻵òǿе㣬ǩӣҪСڻȥ
һھĿСڡ࣡ˡ
ϯѹ˲˵ûΧһ顣
Ȼŵӷε˶Աŵ൱١
˵Ŷϵĵӣ󶼲ǽڵģҲʣŵǱ֮٣ǿϯԱŸ㶨ġ
ֱֲҪ޶̣Ϊ㲻ģܷμ˵ȥˡ
𻺻ƶߣֿ˵ںɽһε飣Ѿˣ˼ƯСȸ
治֪ȼŮʱʲô顣
и鷽ľ鲻ɿֿһº͵پϧ
Ĵʦ֣ҲҪ
ЩΪʱ磬ŮҲҪһҲ൱¡أʱôһأ׿Щ뷨ͷǩעĶԾͳˡ
һƬɫĹâ֣ϲ֡
һ
Ȼлرġ
ҮԵһż
л˵
ν˼ҹΡμ˳ִƼĲʵƹ㳡ϹŴװŵӣԼŹ㳡ĲˮȪ棿
̫orz



ʮ 
Լŵһһϳ֮, ̵ذѳǩպˡ
Ѿʼƻȵ˱ʱˤ, ҽŻ
, ̭Խ, ζſļԽࡣϾʱ, 嶼æտˣŵĹޱȿɡ
Ҳ˵ǰµĸǿ׼ŵǰڼĹˣһʱûʲôǰ˳ҶԹûȤĻͿֱס˯ˡƽĴ
飺ȵ漴ʧ
ϯһһ˶˸еǩ, һ, ʩչǩĺͲߵֱ˺ɽɽǰʾõľ޴ʯϡ
̧ͷӣʮ׳ʯ, ͱ֮ϣ࣬״ȣΪг, ͶӰٺò
вٵӵһμ׳۾󣬵һƬ
, ǿʼѰԼ֡
Ҳƶ, ʯϵַΪ飬, ұ, , ֵһϡ
ǡһŮӣϤ
ֳ뿴سģȻûҵȺһȻ׷ֱͦ±
Ƿˡ
ɽ֮Ӱ֣Ĭʮһˡ
Ҳ˵ڵзˡ
ϸ£ȴǰشģ༸λûȻҲԭϷݲ
ò˵ŮȷʵЩһֱ˵չ̽ѰؾķŮǰͨͨ¶档
ԭҲˡԽŮʮλڳ֤֪ŮҪ̶ȡ˺󲻹һ죬¶֪ŮĵҲԼ˽⵽̫Ŀѣϧ֮Ȼ춨Ůų
ų谡һ㶼ǱȽϿɰͰɣ
š˶Сʦáľ飬ȻⱾŮӽ׫дģǴ󲿷ϵۣԼΧǵӽƽԣٳŮ˵ֻܵͼΪֹ
ΪŮԸǴǽǶ̿ЩʶûоֱдǱȽ϶֡
Ҳǡ˾
ӵеӡŮϹˡɫࡱˡıǩ֤жá
룬˵˾ʵܺʵг룬ǱϾдУôףŮӦҲЩˡ
ҪҲúð˳һ裿ŮԶ߸߷ȣ
ŮֳɹѾļʣҲûôǵĽһ䡰ʺѰͬд㵽ֹӴĻ

ſʼ
Ҳǳ˵忼ǣϾڼԼһ̣вٵӼŵֶűЧչˮ׼Ҫۿˡ
ô˻ᣬֻһ
ԴӴ¿ʳִһι˶ٵĵΣϵĻϷḻ˲סԲ˵мûιһ١Ҳ൱ϣ߲ܡܶΣоԵеˣ°ȴִƤĶûһ£ε˳
Ѳɡһ߳ԣһ
뵽ܣֶŴƨо˺ü죬ֱ߳ŭǽڲžʹա
С죡Էٽʮغһִӽ㷹ľͰľнľͰԵϷ˵
һţ⾲ֻϢϢ󣬵һصˮͬˮһڼ佻֯ɫƤ㴽ƬˮСڣתԾˮ棬˷ܵת˺üȦ۰Ͱ͵ľͰ
ͰĬĬվڰ߿һйƵĿ¼һһŲߵǰ
Ŭͦãû䵹Ƕúܺá
ŽŲǱˮ质˳Ͽһۡ
ʵ벻ףƽʱͬŽϸҲľŵŮôһ˵ʱ൱ȫ۹⡭
Ҳǣﶼ㡣
һٷڼɹнˣڼСڵʳСĻʳ͵ʳĨ˰Ѻֻס
ǸϽ̭ιɡ
ʱ䣬Ҳ쵽ʱˣӽٶȳ˶緹Ϣһָ˺ɽ
ֻûСڣ̫󣬻ɣ벻
֪һطͬΪƷĵǾͶΧ˹м˼ǽ۵Լ¶ʧ䣬û뵽ʦҲҾܴ򻬡
پЩĪܿкʦãôûǴƬ
ǰһˣûҡ
ͦ׵ģҧ˰ɣ
ˮôãоʦ㵱ѱֻ
Σôĸ綼ܰдƬӣ
ûʹֽѱʲô㣬֮ǰ治࣬ҲǺһ䣺ʦѱʲô㣿
֮ǰҲѱЩ񣬲ɫģԲ㣬еĸоʱ򻹺ʹɺ֪ʲôԭһ˰צ㡣
Ȼ
û뵽ʦ㹻͵ģͲ˵ˣûѳ㶼˰ɣ
ʦˣ˺Ȼ˵һ˺ܿɢװԼ׼
̲ס˱ܿķȥɶͶߡ
֮飣Դɬ֮رʣ˿̣Է򴽿ڵͫκȴ΢Щ⡣
ɡǰĲʦ֮𻹼ǵ
ƺŵߣֻ뵽Եɡ
أʱе㳤ˣõ˶Է䵭Ļصɡ
𣺣оеô£
ûӵתͷſʱĵ
ڣ죬һһյʱ
ںɽɽǰ֮ýָ֮ͬʱš
һųȥ·Ȼһֻס
ɣʦ㣿ȵؿˣҲμӱ𣿡
ȻμӡɣЦ㡣
ţһ˼ʲô
ôڣҲö˵Ǿƫ㡣ϣǵ͸¶һɣתͷһ䣬˵˾ûͷûβĻǲ⡣
ʲô
Ҽţͷأһ˳ͿЩ
һ¡
ʵʱ򣬳Ѿڽˡ
һͷֻɣЦеس֣Ϊľ
̤볡صɣȥЦݣһ˼ģ
˵ʦ͸¶һԼޱʽĳϣҲܰ¾ϣֻܿԼ
Ҳ֪˵ģʦܲ
ߣѾ˳ء
һŮӣͦĿأ΢΢һЦȭʦãˡ
ҲɵػӦʦá
ŵӵıûΧۣҶȥŵǱ߹սˣ鳡ܾͿġ
֪˿̲ӰķǶȻڱעűĵúܡ
أĳһߣֱ˵ʣһϮ
Ȼ
ʱȴԷı龪ˡ
ˮ͸ڵ۾͸ޱִŵ񣬱Ҫȫʹ
ɣֵ̬ȶԴʦͬڶ棬ǲҲ
뵽⣬Ҳ仨״ıûֻɢԷ˦ȥ
ԷȻҲ㿪ˣɽžʹ̤ǰһŲסһ
λʦ㣬ҲȻ𴽽ǣ¶һĨЦ
ԲסˣʦáֻǶ
ͻ䣡
Ŀɿڴؿǰ˺Ȼһʹ࣬űȲסطϥأס״شȡ
ʹ.ΡΡ̧ͷʦáû뵽Ų꣬ΪѾ˵زҸʰ·簡
ȻŶԷӦĻᶼûС
ֱΪеĵʤ׹
ˣ
ݼҪ̬ȡȻϵֻˣȻ̫ɬ̫Ϊˣ
ʱɣǰ˵Ļʲô˼ͬŵӣ֪ܲ᲻ѡԼѡ֪Խ̭ԽѵǲҲô
ңǻҲ֪ܿǵĹݣڿʹ÷ŷſݡ
ЩˣȫǱ˳ͷİ
ľȻؿŶԷ̧أԼΧıҲһ̲һ̲ˮ
ллͬţĶˡ
л˵
ѧˣѧ



ʮ 
˳, һʤ˱
鸴ӵؿͱϵĹʾʯ壬ղӵѾȥһ, һƥ䡣
һܿϳˡ
ſ, ȥΧһȦ, Ȼ˼ߡ
һ, ŵǰܹ
ϵӶԾʤ൱һµӣ黹ãȻǲ֪Ϊʲôʤˡ
ڶŵܿ졣
ʵϣĵӺܶ, ҶԱǳ̬ȵ, һĻᣬͻ䡣
ŵݼܺá
뾡˳, һ£һǱ۲䵣³ļγԱȡ
𿴵ۻңŵЧ, ȴ࣬ûʲô, ȥŵı
μӱŵӱŵӶö, ̺ܳͨҪ²ܽ
ɺϵ, ǡֵس
λڳһ˵, ͦ, ͫһȻδνȴһ֮У˲𼸷ڴ
ĽȻǳŵͨһʵ񻨳
һûԷɱ䵽൱˵ĵزˣǰɿɹڵƤҲ˼ȣδʵ
أΧ˶Ҳǰ˼
س˶ʮֺ桪ܱԽţڶ̶̼մܶǰôһţܲһ
ܿ죬鳡ؾͱΧ㣬ĵӻŵڿȥ˸߿չϯ
ʶɽ̨һ̨ۣǺɽӽõλãݹۺɽÿһ䡣ÿһۼĴ£Ƕϲ
û뵽һһˡ
ѩ׵ĳۣѩ׵ͷ˭
ֻ°˳ĳ룬ȵվ̨ϣ΢֪Щʲô
վôȣǻûе֪ŮϢ
ϡǵãдѱ˵Ůûڡ
ûܾȻعѵΣתΪ˶ŮĹעŮΪŮ᲻ɴݵĺܡ
ǵġҲŮ׷֮һֻȼֱӣĶλʦѵĺǻ
ҲǣҵԶΪ㳨
ȻҲαװʵǸƤҺµˡֻΪں󣬵Ĺ޷ڣαװһ
ԭԭģŮһΣݣȴϻ۵Ůһ˳
ˡ
ſţȻĿģ̶¶һȰͰ΢Ц
䲻һֻʵɣѾ˵̬ѧ˾裬Ҳ˸ܳǳЦæͷתء
سĶҲһԽӡ
ӦԽҪԽд裬ҲԽӡ
ͬΪ֮ȣŸýˮƽ
˳㿴Щƽû͵
ʼ
سĶӦǸЩʦֱسмӣҲȱ
سڴĸŵӵ¼ڵ֮䴫سʱ̫̣󲿷˶Ųŵ̬ȡд裬سˣҲΪǴ̫سӮˡ
λԽʦѹӦܴ
ʦܣͽ̡һѹ󣬽ʦȷ
֪书Ψ첻ƣǡ˭Ȼ˭ͿһȻ˪ĳЮһ㱡ֱֱسȥ
Ҳǻ
̾ҶǻѡԽѡҲãҲ˴ƣȫλԹƽ
سվʦֶ棬ƽһеȣѾ̬ȡϷ硣
״Ʋسʵʦָһֻáƹһ죬㵲סڵĹֹȥΪ
ʹʵڳ˻ûӦͷ־Ȼˡ
س²ƣѸȻƶֻһΧ֮ڡԽʦ֣󿪴ϣ·ڣľƣΪǱ
سϼ꾭Ҳǳصģʦ͵һˣŸߣһߡسҲԵһ£Сĳߣֱˡ
˻ᣬԽʦЪϢýЩѧʽڽϵĻΧͫҲӳһŻ⡣
ȴû뵽иһŻ̶֣֮о˼⡣
سĻ濪ʼɽʱˮϽӣʱѽһҰݣȻ
Ͻ˾
էȻǱʯŽ赽ĽȻѾ¯ĵز
ʱȻ
̧ͷ죬ֻŨܵƻư֮ơ
ˣҪˣıʲôɶжϣһҪܸ
ܣҲ׷װֻ̾ʱ˲ãá
濪ʼһεεԲʪżм۾
꣬ʼˣȴʢ
һĽԽʦֵɫ΢䣬ȴƵķ£ʹĽҲӼྫտ
̨֮ϣƳ˵˸ͽܰ
һЦۡ
ƽƽһ׽١
¡һ죬۵һƲﱼԾϸݡٵӶͻȻ˸飬æ̧ͷ
֪ʱѽڵʵʵ
йʶ˲ΡΡ⡢ô׽Щ񣿡
һٶȹ۲ϵ硣׽٣ǡᵤˣ
ʱسеĽ
䡱һһֱ۴ϸɢŵɷǺÿȴܺйЮ
ܱߵȺ֮ɢسͷ
ʦܣ˾
ҽڵ׽ǿҲأ˶սľؿɫ׵һһ
سӦҲ죬̻Ϊأͻ׵硣
ʱˣɻǡٵˣ
׽٣Ǿ׽٣ˣвɢ׽٣࣬˼һҲʮʮ
ڡѾʮˡ
Ҳԣ֮˽ַ֮ĵһ֪⡣
ѲɡǴ˵еʮŵ׽٣
߾žŰʮһ
ܰɣҪ˰ʦܵΪ־ˣ
˵ڣȹ׽٣ǽ˰ա
Χӵۣ̲סѯй׽ٵľ𣬵õظڹʷм̫ˣ׽ٶĵľˣǿ˵ҲԶͨ׽ٶࡣ
˼һóۣʸ
ǡ׽ٵ׳̶ȣй
뵽ԼһŵʣסԼ
ȻҲͦãǲ˰ɣ
ʱţ׵ͣϢ
ٿس¶Ƥ˳ɿĽڣ沼׵ս΢΢ţ֪ܲܳס
ܾƬ̺󣬲þھʾ⣬سʤˡ
ʮ׻ȥŵ뿪أʤȻҲͳˡ
˽˭Ҳ뵽енᵤֱǰδУʷǰ
ܿ죬س˴ˣԽŵӣԼȥ˹ˡ
͵ΪҪʱȴϵŨƲδɢȥ֮ƣвõԤбԽԽǿ
һ룬մף粼ϿաڶȻûӦۡ
ţһƷɽȥӣֱٲصڻΧɽ嶼
ͫ۵ӡŷŵİӰ
ոǵġǲǡǲǡ
һأ
л˵
ܳ
质ܳ



ʮ 
Ƴ, 
ϸĵųذƣ׵¹мˮ沨, ȴɫϮ, ׵罫ˮ渲˸ס
һ㷭˰׶, ڷѸ͵ĸѹڷ
˿, Ψһ컹ڻζ˴Ƭ԰֮Ψһɫ
质Ҳû뵽ڽͻ˾磬׽١
ԭֻǿԶɽ׽٣ڲ²˭, ׽̺Ũ, 纣Хһɢ𵴣ӲеħͰθߣͻƵһߡ
, ׽ٹµΪܱṩϣֲʱɵƻ벻ǣ׽ٹ, ôٳ׽١
Ⲣδˣֻ
Ǳڵ˷֡质һʱ䵣ĵ, ŮӦ˵ǡ
质׽, Ѱʿͬǣÿζֻһ׽١
һ, ʮ, ζÿνֻһλ, ͦȥữΪҽ
ڣֱֱɽҲԱȫ
硭뿪
ڵɽŴܹħޣֱӴƷ嶥룬ԻʹڵעŵءŵŮϡȻ뿪񶼻ᱻ֣罫Ůǣϸɾ룬ȥ壬ٴ嶥뿪жŮϵҲôʱԼչˡ
׽ٽ֮ǰ质ôġ
ɵյħϣԾ񴲣γߣؼɫȻһ䣡
质ֻǰһƬѩף̶һ飬ϸСܵʹ
ֲþ
һ˲両Ժģ⼸֡
ûȫ׼ûеõķ׽ʵʵشϣûаƫ
ã质³һӭ𣬻ǳɻҵ׼
Ȼ׼˺ܾãҲûȵԼԭĴʹҲʧˡ
ô£
ŶȻ׽ٸ˺ɵʮ֮һ
ˡʹԪӤʱ׽ٶ硣
Ѳɣε׽ֻǿиɣⲢ׵׽٣
ܿ죬ʵĲ²⡣质ᵽӹҲȴǰͨ˵ܼ԰׵ĳ״Ư
Щԭ㡣
ֻʬ壬ѻر棬һһ㣬ֱˮµÿһ˿ˮɫ
֪ǲĴƮһ˿㡭
质鸴ӵһƬҰ׵ʬʶ뵽ŮǿһĻ¶һı顣
˵ްɡ
Ůصĳ̶ȣһֱУ̰ڣʱѲӣһЩصĹߣ֮㡣
ע˶ѪĶôһʱ֮ȫûһ
ܻ޵úܲҡ
˵İƬ㣬˵ƽӣȴҲʧҲǷʱ.̳ģʵڿϧ
ࣣ
质ԼЩ
࣡ˡ
ͷղŻӰĺɫ˿ȴƯڰУϸβͲͣҰڶں¸ղŷһĻ
Ҳãһš
ڣֻʣһ⡪һУڵ˻ô

ڵɶҲ
Ϊ𾪵ط֣س˽𵤣Ϊһ·ǣԪӤֻһ
ʷмأ޵֮·ߣΪ棬ʾ׺ƽ١
νġסҲڣسֱ𵤺ڣѾˡ
ٿȥֲܻ׽١
س质Ⱥ٣ʱһϢ质ֻһףʴˣû뵽һ̻еڶ˶ɽ١
ΪʲôƷ嶥Ҳмأ׽ٹȻ߿ߺһ硣
Ȼ质֪ЩֻǾţ˼δȻĶԵ֮ơ
ɽ
ոյ׵ʹ˵ǵ˫ۣĹâһʱۺᡣ
ûҵԼƳؿһ۵뷨
ӦʣҲٲһƷ嶥İף⡭
ԶȥıӰвɵ¶ֵǡ
һ·ɱصһ̣Ŀ԰ӳ۵ףֱ˫һ
ʬ
һԵȴСڡеҡ
֪׵ڷصĵѹ˵ǵ׳ޱȣһк£ȫûȺ°
С졭Сء
ȹ˼ʼûܷ
ϣЩˣڿ׵ĵһʱ䣬ԺеĲʲôǮϵʧôʱദ֮ĸ顣ΪԽ࣬ԽҲԽϽ
ΪֹѾһϰߡ
Ĵ㣬ԤŽеʬȫ̳ѰĴ㡣
ץŸӵֲԾزţ޲һһˮ档
~
СںƵεߣְһٶȿˮ档
ڣ˼Σ˳С죿С죡
ӵĸʬס质¶ͷ
ĵһȥʧõңñЩᣬֺܿѹȥˡ
һ֮ǰѶ㵽˰ɡ
ųļζĴ㣬ʧЦ˫סʼʬҪ˴𰸣ʣµҲͲôں
ǰΪ˸һڳռ䣬ѾƽʱܿתƵĳˣϲʣµĴһЩ㣻㣬ץҲֻ˵
˵ֵֹ㻹ͦࡣ
߳һڵţɫ֮ŵʱΪƯ
һһ̵ϣܿ̿һƬ
质ˮ￴Ȼɻôûĵӣˣ
ȥмأʮһҲһꡣţʵûѳһţŸӴ˿
ص㣬ķô
಼ʩϾ㣬ȥáҲܾ͵񡪡ô㣬ڸĿӲꣿڽԽԽȣʱȳֱܰѬ
˼ڤ֮һˡ
ǵǰλϵѾòˣһֱû;ڣõõʱ
质ע£һʩԷۿɼؽס¶ƤҲָʣƳܳĺ
质ŮַмͣȿԷֹܽͲļʣǲ֪ܷŵˡ
æŰսңڳֻ¶ԴĿжʱǣһʱǵض£ҸԣЩ㶼ԣ
质
ԣ

˳ؽȥˣҲɹڿֵűʱɹݼ̭֡
̭ˣǸѹӡ
ʱӺԹؿʦãû뵽㡭
żнûʦ֣㡣
˳ˣ
õռڣѵһ׻¸˷ٵĲ
ΪҪ쿴òȫ棬ڶȥһһ֪׻һػٻöôˡ
ʯȫݣˮ˳ɽһ໬䣬γһϸСٲĽҲ˴룬뷭֡ʧĵ㣬ص׵Ĳ֪ûӹһأв㼰ϵģ˸⡣
ʣµʱȫ㣬һ㣬һ䶳һװ£𲻵òȥ˼װ˺üҡ
Ȱ꣬һҲָյƽ
𻷹ѵɽʯͽݵ׻ľֿ˿񴲾٣ټĴ㣬һ뷨
Ҫп㾰ۣ
ؽһص²̫ƾӰĿɹˡ
ֱһ磬Լ˶⴮ԱȥֳŮһ֡
л˵


ʮ 
һ, һĵӼѾ˳سҲΪߵٰˡ
ڴ֮ǰѾŵ, ɹԼ
, , Ʒϯӡ飡
, һƷĴʦ֣һ彾ŵĴʦ֣ƽΪҲƽд裬ڵӲνڴΧܲ͸硣
֪, ûֳʤ, Ϊԭôдģ
ʱûнϵдȴȻֹ, ΧڵֻһǰϸоЯһϸСŮ, أѪۡϵͳذԭĳ
Ҳڴ, ֻڴʽĻ
, һһӰ, һûȤ, תͷԶ
֮ǰд, λδһΣֵʱˡ
𿴵÷飵ͬڿԼִ䱦ʢ
Ҳֲ飰ŮͷַԸʦһƴʮ˸߹ǣ¡
ûҲ˷ˣսȫ١
Ҫһ°ܾ飣Ȼߡ

ˣڣˡ
飵ıڰգ·߲ʹâʱһɫӰӼԶĵط
ˡ
𲻽ֱͦ壬üͷ΢һֱĨɫ䵽ǰ
Ҳѷ˿ﲻѰѪζԼ֣ͬӦͻ״
°׷վʯ֮ϣպù㳡̨ϵ˿
һʱ֮䣬ֻʣš
λ
۽Ƿʪۣڳÿһ˵ĶУƣޱȳصİ
һ֮ǰҵõţպͯܽѡ
ռ첷ԣȴҲ֪Υȣ
ͯȫ£Ψʣ⺢ѡ
ѷﻤһˣֻǿӰ˴룬ֻܿһ˿ҵͷͳ.ġմѪ˫㡣
˿̧̣䡣
ſģһޱϸŮ
Ů˫٣һءɱô׵·ҲƬѪȾˣСŰ߰ߵ㣬űҲѪҳӡ
óǹæ˫ЬҲ
ḧŮͷ֮ŮΪͯأӽڣҺɽ£״ӡ
һƬȻ
֪δչͽܣ˵״ӣһСѾͷһ͵ıˣ
Ψ֪Ů˺ɽŮʼȻֻԵ䣬Ӵ˿ʼ˶;
Ǿʦʦ㣬¶ǰŮĺ󱳡
ŷ֣Ůһֱͷؿڣ֪Ǻ»ӣһֱû¶
ĻãƵŮڻ̧ͷǡ
ĵһۣͽסط˸п
ƴСǹеմѪۺ۷ӳĳĽǼҲĵøӰ𪡣
Ϊעģ˫۾
峺ڣͬһͷճõС¹ʹҲû¶֮⣬£ھʯҲŬĻ
⣬ǾеˣҲᱻɡ
ֲղڡԱߵӿʼ
ͯ㣿ͯңǲĸ˼ң
ǸͯΪ˼ã֮ˣɽãû뵽
˶ʼ˰ɣˡ

λƤ΢סлްζȴ¶ƽһ޶ĺͰ΢Ц⼸գһЩ鲻òҪһȴͯϤգ֪˭ܵΣ
ϰչµӵºһЦҡ
ֱӡ
ʲôЦɣֱӳʦ֣һӣչ˵Сãᷢԡ
ĬĬͷɣʦֱ档
ɵһ㶣Ϸ𼸷ȻóȻˡ
ɣͯһЦĴ󷽵Ц˿˾׽Сã
Ҳ˵ֻǵͷͯء
Σͯɿһֱ߬ӵ֡
еϲ׺͵ؿŮԶȥɣǸҲո͡
Ŀ֮£ŮǣɣһС֡
ȴץסӡ

ڸоڳ׹һ̣δӦ
ֱͯС˫ӼϹ
̿ԭϲʦá
ɣĿɿڴ˰죬ۣҾûʦϲô
ʦôأ
ôġ
ͯأֻȶԷҸѽָ˰ʲô
ͼֻСȴڴһ˲ֻޱȱ
ͯһ˫ӡ
˼ƾˡ
ɲǼ䣬˼վҲͰĸգӦҲãŮõõĶ
˵ͷչͯʦðɡ
º͵ЦּЩұѶлˡ
֣̿ô˵
ʹֹҲûֳʤ˸Сβ͡
Ⱥɢȥס֣ͯ߰ɣ
Ůû̧ͷȻؿ˰쾰ɫֱ̲סһ飬ŵ˵ͷ
ſͯصڵͫãӳɽơ

质Ƴص˴죬ûյĻʳĿĵڳת
Ϊ̫ģƽͻʯ磬ĥúԲˡ
׽ٹкôҲл
ôųǽ־񴲣ԾڳˮţҲ赣бҡЩܻᵷҵ㶼ʳ
Щӵĳʳζһ质Ʋ㲻һµģò˵ӰܴееᣬеĿ࣬еĴ
Ҫ嶾ΣҪŮ˶ˡ
质죬㲻ҲὫɣʵڳ棬úһµǿϧˡ
质ζʱһĨϤɫӰҰ
βͲˮͼŮע⣬ȴû뵽ԷڿҪӵʱһǰĵطˡ
质еΣա
Ȼ⻹ǵһΡ
ȻƽʱŮҲæӣζһۣ˵仰ĻΡ
质һ£񣬿Ůһˣ
ƾӡ
סڳµĸѾǳħˣΪ˲ͯغ£ѡΪ
ԶˮֳˮԶԼݲ裻ԶʳԼʳ
ܿ죬һ׼ˣ޲ʪˮͯϵղɾ
ѩ׵Сȫ¶ˡ
һͯ¶Ȼı飬ڻļ£תͷȥš
ɺΪͯ·
ɽŵӷĲİ׽֯ɣϰѩž
·ȹҵһԣ׼˴ԡ裬׼Ůϴһ
ŮܹԣԵò˼飬ⷢ¶ƾһÿ𲻽Ϊǰľľ
Ǳð۵ĺ󱳹˴Ƭ˺ۣƤ췢ϣмӡ
֪Ǵܲסγɵƺۣ֮ǰŮӦѾܹҳϴڵΪˡ
ȵˮͷ£ͯر˫ľͰγһԼơóԼصûϴ࣬ذͷ
ܿ죬˲ԡ
ʼգͯضûһ
ϴϵգΪҩոµ£ɺ׷ĵӷɡ
ϣͯغһѹڼϵ·סҡͷ
ôˣ봩
ͯػһŵ·ǼѾˣϴɾٴѽ
Ůǲ˵
ҲûǿЭȰشͯҪ·üϴ»ϴˣûɡ
Ŵµ·ʣøʦ㣬ΪʲôҪһ
ֻȻ֪ŮӼдһ룬լΪҽ·ʲôûˡ
ֻ֪Ĳǲġ
ȻĻͯ죬˵ʲôȴվû³һڡ
·Щš
ԭŮʧˣ

ΪʵڲİŮһ˷ƾֻҲ˴˵һء
ճι㡣
ǰҲ˳ιι㣬׹ֻιһˡ
˵ͦ㡣
ŮҲףŮССݵһֻ§ס̶ܹˡ
һδʮ⣬غҲͯ紵Щҵͷ˵߹ԹԵģҪ̫ˮء
ֳسʱ
ϣҪߣͱһסˡ
عͷͯһ˫ۿקס䡣
Σ㷴ס֣㲻Ҫܡ
ͯعԹԵͷ
˳رߣȻֿ˦βŻιҪԵˡ
ǽֲ̫㡣
ÿеֻͰ۵ضصϡ
ȴû룬ûȳԣųر߻ΣҪʲô
ܿ죬ЩĥƽʯͷӣһӾˡ
Ůŵ飬质ڳдתΪá
ɨߣվŵͯأ㲻ضס˶
ƺЩ죿
л˵


ʮһ 
质ŰСŮ, £ԺеһӰغ, ļô˳

质ɫһ, Լֽ̬, 
Ǹĥ˵ξ˿Ժ, θһӿ
㲻䰮ء
Ҫ
ִΪɱħ
ħɱħ粻ưոݣָԴ
أ̫, ղɱ, ԵɱǣħǣƲ

οǹ޴Ҳ
质ˡ
Ůò, ȴǾŹֵԶֳƣǸ˵ġ
Ǿ͸ɱˡ
质ûǹԼĿġҪߣҲϢˡ
ȫû뵽, £˾ڡ
ԽԽľе, ˵ǸμпܳΪʵ, ΣĽ֡֡
质еɱܵԽŨ, ƾ鷢, ֻԲ
ǰһ, һˣ˵ޱȲأɱһ˵Ҳͬ
οŮ׷ʾĵλأۻ
ǡôһ
质ĿͶζԡ
Ȼ𿴲˼дֱԼΪòˣǴҨЩʳ
һֱ̣۱סͷһͯ廹ܡ
Ǿȣ̶ʧЦҲԣŮҪСһ꣬ʱӦҲʮңǸСӡ
šеҪ
óֵģſֿɰŮҪιһ£ôǲǺټҲƯ
̧ͯͷֻõܾӣͷľͰ
ǸȤˡ
طͯص΢ʢ˰µľҨݵ
质Ĭؿ˺г׽ľٶƾϴͷ࣬Ҳһ¡
±
ԭεֲʲôôȴҲЩΣսˡ
𱻴ķŪЩɻҪͻڵڳˣżܸݸʳ
ѵҲèһƾζʶˣ
ôţԼҨһȥȻ㿪ڳˡ
质һ߳һ߿룬̬Ⱥȷˡ
Ȼ𲢲ԼҴ˼·ֻĺܲ±İƭǣˡ
˴Ͱϣ𣬾ָоӱקק
һů⿿˹
֪ʲôתͷһ㱻һ
˿̣ͯ£һƯĻ棬췢ϣ֪ߵ¶ܾͳɫ
̫Σˡ࣬ҡҡͷ𡣡
ͯϸһϣſʱֱһ֦һСѿ
Ŀı仯пԭдûŮ츳ܼгϺ͸ִΪ󣬱ͨ͸ˣΪá
ֻǻ
ǺΪһһƽ̹˳ܴµ
ϣκеԣֻûӵлˣ־ͺˣ֣֡
ΪŮԡ
ԭͯΪԸĿܣؼ汸ˮȻҲòˮַչȫȴֱȽƽӹüΪɫֻǶԱԭĿԣʵЩϧ
룬ȽŮȫ淢չþѧԼҲûˡ
Ůֻס죬ͲὨ˰ɡ
꣬һůͯؾֽǻ˳ָָĴ㡣
ţ
ʲô˼
뵽һܣԣ
ͯ峺īڵ¶ֿ϶Ŀ
𿴿㣬ֿŮ˼
⻰ĵ质ֱĿѵŮҪΪһزʶ˰𣡣
ֿĬ𡪡㵹Ǿܾ»Ҫ
质֮ⱬβֻͣҪͷϰŮɫ
ڣֻĬһͯأǳԵĺòãʦóԵĿ⡣
ͯ룬˵ͷҲܺʱ˵ع
˿ӦֻǶˡ
Ҳ֪ڱ֮ǰһٷʲôʱԵġ
˵ɾ͸ɣܱͯ߼һЩ֦ϴɾְŵó˶ʮ
̫ûԹθãִӽҳһʺָӪĺ¯ˮһϡ
ܿ죬ŨһƮ
ͯ˿ĭڴı̲סЦ
ֹһʱ䣬ٷˡ
˴̵ĿݸͯأС̡
ͯһСһСڵؿѸȴ˹ģиҴС̬
һԿţֻŮС󣬹ֿɰġ
质𣬿ůĿϣܲζ
Ⱥʱ仺Ƴʵ˻˯˯ʱߴĻѡ
Уȥе㼱ꡣ
ôҲûԱ
ˣ质ǾôδζԲϿ⣬ܼ
ûǱ룬ֻôǲˣٿŮѾѿԵòˣչĹңСˡ
ӻûһ飬ŴԴ˹ȥ
质
顣
Ա㣬ͯˣͽ质ټĳﴵ硣
质˵ıӰ룬ʱټƻγˡ

ͯعһƷ壬ֱһ涯ߵľĿ⵽ģĵӶҪΧʺһ
ͯرԴһɸɾʣһϮ£ȻɡƫƫСֻԸţ¶һ˫ʪ峺Ĵ۾˿ֱɰ
ͯС˼ӡӣֻøϽ˴ȥ۵ģٱȥҪƤˣ
صƾӣѸղջһʳᵽϡⶼǿͯصϸģʦʦǷ׷ױʾһҪúͶιС
Ǹų衣
ܷģ۲죬ոȺʦֳֻǰԺ󱲵Ĺذۣûаֲеĺߡ
ǵù۲ԭǼصС
ܿ죬ҹɫ١
Ϊûʲô£ͯؿ˼ửָ˼£Ůֵúǿģ˰ʱЩʹ
̲סһ˿ϧ
Ů֮ὫŽ췭ظȴûĿ˽ŵġ
ǸúӡСĴ
׼˯ʱڴ߷һͰ¶Ƚ΢䣬Ȼְѱ׼ůůͺ͵ģͯһ˽
ͯһ̽δйĸоӣޱ
𣺿յޱ䡣
ʱ磬ҲûֱӺ˯Ǵͷó׼õĶ
ͯʦá˻źͽָ
һͯȻ˵˼άȴ˵ݣпǱŵʱʧ
ȻܷİѶȥȻ´ټͲ֪ʲôʱˡ
һšŵݵͯһλ˽ҵģ˵ǹʽ
ͯشؽӹûд򿪡
öָͯעŮ̧ͷעöɫƮָ
һҲһҽģ˵кܶʺĶ
ǲ֪Ĩл껹ܲһΣԺ̵ܽŮ
̲סѣ˵תΪģڳЩʵЩ˵塣
ˡ
û뵽Ů͸֣һһдҲ߱ˡ
длл㡣
ое㱻ȵ
֮ǰͯԴһָ̫󣬾˿ߣͯصĲϡ
ŵӷͯش·ӶȽϸߣУı˿
ţΪͯһյƣڴ̨ϣһŰɣû򿪹ֻǵ˵ͦʲôҪ¡
ֻֽҳ֪Ȥߣȥ
ΣƵĳСһʡ
ҪͷȴһȴС屧סѵЩۣȻһЩʪ⡣
ţŵһɺζ
𾪿תͷͯһֻֽץ·һֻ־𣬰ǷŸˡ
һŰֽܿɺɫҽ
ôˣЩȻⱣƺЩԤϡ
æͯصְЩˣ˳һûб̡
ãƻǰ۵ģԿԻƿжǿ
Լʱͯشſ׵۾˯ˣ̵Ľëմ飬Խ
ΪҴҴӣ˯տʼ
žҹʼ˼Ůδ·
УЩΧߵˡ
ָ߸˸ǾŸţ
ƷлƣƷϯϯ飡ڲҲ˵ĹҽҲŮǣ
˵ЩݵλģˣʣûģƺֻǸħˡ
裬ʵ൱ܴħԭֵһա
ⷬǸȤ·֮ǰһ۲Ų
Ҳ֪λħںδ
ҹ
质磡
л˵


ʮ 
ڶһ, ճι㣬ͯػ˯ûд, ĵس, ˳㶣ɺ׿üҡ
һغ, ߵȪ۵λò鿴һ
Ϊ¹, Ǳ߿ҲȪѾܾûùˡ
ڣеĻӦõĲˣǸһЩв
˿ܣȷûˣ׼Ͷ˽ȥ
û뵽, һͶ, ϵͳһʰ
⵽ӿ룬ϵͳģʽ
ڴ˴ξ鲢Ͷãڲ޴, ϵͳʼз
ϣãȻתϵͳҪ
ϵͳʼ, ϵͳ¹ܡϳϵͳϵСĿϵͳܡӹӹ⿡ϵͳ
һгöʱЩ¡
˵, ôûùȪ, Ӧоڲ, Դ߶ϵͳ, ڳ¹ܡ
ģ
һ˲, ʼͷԷ籩
һƳصȥһģȪ̳Ÿ飬еĵڶҲбĵˣҲֻܽȨʹõȪۡ
ʲô쳣
׽١
һ˲䣬뵽ǰ⡣
׵һأûȫƻ൱һֱȪˡû˵һصƻ̶Ϊʲôֻбϵһ㡣
ʱҹֱȵûѵһɸӡ
ڣһػõԭƺˮʯˡ
Ȫۡ
ܹͨؾ̶ֳȵʵ֮ϲ
ֻҪմƬ԰׵ǣ£Ҫ㶼û£Ҳǲеҡ
ǡСܸˮӣСôܿ׽ٵأ
˼û˼ϸ룬ֻǰˮ׽ѸͣѵǰԤ֪ɣ
˼⡣
ȥˣôͨԣ˵ڿ׵絽ɽϿʱͱŵ񴲣Ӷӹһ١
Щ¹ʲôȥֵֹġ
ӹ֪֮ǰ˵ܼӹ˳ԵʳƷĿʲôкϳͺְܹ
ĿһһȤζϵͳܡһȼʱʵе˿Ȩޡ
ϳһԴùܡƩӵһЩͬĵƷ֣ϳɣÿһܵõƷʵ֣ͬʱϳɵιʳȡӵҲӦŨڶܺϳɸƷʵ㣬Ʒֶ䣬̽
ⲻϳɴ󶬹
пϵͳҲͦʱ֣ʣΪʲôСϳ
ϵͳɫȽϵ
𣺡
аɡ
һʲôʱһЩܣһذʮӣڵ˴ƽʱϲŵĵط
ò˵ټһƵһأ㻹ϲڿ߶ţǸʱԵͷֻ񴲰Ȧϰˡ
վڰϣųһĨ죬ۡ
С졭
һָֻۣһ£ǲֳˣ
ϴôβͼֻʳָڶؽڣ򶥵ָˡ
ڣ
质ÿɷ
ɵ𽥼ᣬҲڻָȻҲԭ̬
ȫʢʱڡضװ
緹
ÿչ߳ĺ质ζһ£ɴƵβչƿˮ棬ֱ߻ǰ
ã£ȹڣʳι
ɫ磬һƬɫ̶ǳϼƮϣߵĵһصװɾ
质ǰָԥԥǰŰһڡ
˱ܴȻʳ׷׳һȥ־
ΪԲţһѣλǰ֣
质һۣȻһڡ
𿴴ģ̲סЦǲ˼˰ɣ
ܾһ约ߡÿ뿿һ㣬㶼ֵ޴롣ǴɹƤ죬˺ôŰץסȵش
û뵽˵䣬ֱӱͷȥһͷˮ

ֻ׵ʳһʱ䲻֪ô㺰
ܿбˡ
ߴণһɻŵζֽʱѲƳأױˮ׵һҧסƨëʱľ
Ҳ֪ôˡ
ɺ׷ɽϸһʱ̲סһ
ͯؾɺײӣ˰ϡҲ԰ɺͺܴ󣬲Ȼ·Ͼ͵ˡ
ɺ䵽ǰƴȳȡ
ǰһƬ𣬿Цõذͯطôˣ
˵ֿ꣬˿Աͷͣëɺףģ
ͯصͷд㲻ˡ
ġ
ССһֻŮ˫۾ĹЩܲ
ܾճˣǴ
ΪǴϣҪԷͰһɺף˳ȥ緹Ҫ˷ݵġ
ߣɺ׻ίؿһۡ
õ緹׼ʱһתͷȴַĨٴγˡ
ȻûԱżζͳ˰ɣ
Цһ٣ȴֵطһֱߵͯء
񲻿νơ
䲻һɣʷҪˣ
Ȼע˰κֻǱˮȥǱһ㹻ġȣͻȻ
һֱעߵ״ʱͯ˼űⱻһˮı硣
ǲϲİ𡭡
ʶ뵽㣬ҲԣȥʦɣʦҲʦ㣬ĵӡûôҵķӦ
ˡ
质ƻɣּȻˣߺߵؿһŤͷȥˡ
˼ָˣһø˵˵
˿ƽĳˮֿ˿һȵŮ޼ƿʩֻŷд˻ƾӡ
Ϊ¿˰죬̽̽Ůڵ̬ȡ
ƾкֽܶʣһֽͯǰָкõīһ֧ʣ𻰡
ͯʦã֪֪ǸʲôĵطȻɣ˽һŮֽۻ
[˵޵֮ء]ͯ룬д
һۣ̾һëдļãҲ鶯Ʈݣ߷ǡ
治Ǵġ
ҲӴЩ𣿡
[ǣүүҲ޵֮ˣֳ˵츳ȴѧ]
ͯصıһ٣[˵ǻ]
ȣ֪ǻ
ͯص˵ͷ[˵Ϊ࣬ѧ]
ⲻٺǰ
룬ŮСѧεĳҲᷢ˵Ůҵš
ʣڣǱҪѧģѧ𣿡
ãͯͷ[ѧġ]
츳ʲôǻԼѶȷ½һ£㣬ѧ֣
ֽͯʣ[СҲ¿ࡣ]
Ǿͺðˡ
˿ŮǸ˿û뵽Ǹصİ
¶һ֮΢ЦͯʦãһὫ˼úѧϰ
ͯεؿһǳЦ¶Ļ
ȻúϸѹϰĸУΪŵĻǶ䣬ǰ֡
ȴֿͯʼֽддֽ꣬
𲻽㣬Խ𣿡

ͯغ۾գգͣĿ
оרгƺˣȶŮѧϰΪء
ء
ͯۿͱһ˲ˣһͷĻ첻ϳ
Ǹճ˾֮ǰĸо϶ˡ

ƽع죬峿ɽˡ
ȵǣҲУ֤ͯػ̬ȡ
ɽ˼䣬ͯأȻû΢Цŵأ
ԣɽ˺΢䡣
õǾܽŮ֡Ͼվĺӣεֱ֣˵Ůеλߡ
ѽеô¡
Ųͯߡ
ɽЦݣͯʦãǻغɽ
ͯسţȴ͵§ס˸첲
˶ȵؿͯأֻŮͣҡͷԼߵԸţȥǰٵдһ䣺[һ]
⡭
ɽ˻࿴˿հĿ
ֶϳ΢ЦҲ˵
ֱͯĸ첲óһļơ
ڣˡ
ֻȻԣѧʲôϲȷˣÿնҪȥɽѧϰ
һͷ亹ôϲأ⻹𣿿λͯʦĺܵ⡭
ͯó֮ǰֽ[СҲ¿ࡣ]
Ȼһ˲𽥼Ц⣬Կһۡ
Ƴо⡣
ãǾͶѧ
ɽ˸ǾĿ·ʶһ
ͯسէԸȥ·˽⣬ˡһת۾
ȻӦǡ
ѾΪŮƶѧϰƻѧ·ߡ
һ죬ǰһһѧתĩƾϰϻǿι
Ͱˣ
л˵
𣺱˼ޣҼŮ



ʮ 
Ƴ, СڴԾ˳ʪıŴƬˮ⡣
޲һȦͯطı
ССŮô, ãȻ, ƺԼ, ȥ, Ҫʲô
ѡ̧ʵǰλΣ˵ˣ쿪ʼҪȥѧɲܳٵ
ӣҪõϰߡ
ʮһλͬԴ, ΪŮѡɽΡ
ÿ峿ϰͬ, ʵʵϿΣѧʶԨʵɹ۵ʦ徭絽ԭ, Եãװס
ʵսʱʦܰӵĴ
֮ȫй, Ų̊
СڣͯƵظ·, ˳㻹̸һЩθòٿСڵļʻ, Ůôѧ죬ܷˡ
ܿ, ˽ѧϰص㡪ɽ
ԶԶ, Ϳкɽĵվɽǰӭ, ˣвٺɽԶ
أһɽæǰʣƷʦͯʦã
ͷͯǰͯʦþͽˣãʦֶա
ȻġԷæӦ
߳Ͷͯǲ̫ϰߣ䡣
Ǳ߿ȥֻڶຮɽӺؿǣ׷뿴һ۱״µӳʲô
󣬽ŮҪһĽˡ
οͯؼ䣬ָһúѧϰǣвľʦʦҲѷװáȻתѧϰûй̶ңѧҪˡ
ͯصͷɽӽԶȥһͷҪת䴦æػӻ֡
ЦӯӯҲʾ⣬ŮӰȫʧ󣬾Сڣ쭳һϻƷ塣
ڣڵ˽ʱ䡣
质ŰϤĽŲѭŷ˹ȥιλá
˰죬ȴûŻȻ˯ﳹѣֵؿ򰶱ߡ
ŮûһľͰһߣڰʲô
质̲סιȥ뿴ʲôȴûָһĿ
ǶȣܿŮרע飬ֻ˫۾ֻ˿߿ͬʱЩơ
ǽ϶ԷƽʱΪȵ̬ȣľٶ͸ɡ
ʲôÿ
̹ŮתͷȻһ˲ֻ˰ѳڵ
质Ҫˣȴһס
ðɡʹôãǺѿԷ׼
ųѴϵߣ󶶿ߣӴͷʼ˳βͼ
˴ĳȡ
Ѿ޸һأ˳һ쾰ơ
꣬ţڰߣָǹ⻬Ƭ˺ü顣
ʵȫûе۵Ļᰡ
ţ𳷵һ׽סͷһִӴƤ·ţˮһһ˿ڡ
ףСˡ
֪䣬ǵɼǵ˸һ⣬ϴοʱ˸ࡣ
Աʼþòתڳٶһһˡ
质ûڣ̲ס룬ȴܱһѹظΣֻҴߡʲôûʵϣδκй׽ĽӴ
ħҪĴΨһɥȪ
ں󣬷аˡ
质ƫͷһȴӵչˮΡ
Ŵ˼˿ˣҩȴѾˣʱȿȥһҩɡ
˵УҽҪĽ黹ûѾʱ̫ãҲ֪᲻ǳ
̾˿ٴΪ׽ټһҩϧ
ֻܵٲһˡ
ƻĹܣûۡ
Źˮ棬ԭĹ˹ܱӰ٣ټӲӶǵ׵ûˡ
ò˵ʵЩϧ
ÿһ˿īܣϴŲ𿪵ģװҲ˺ܶϸгȣʱ֪˶ٴɽ£顣
һɡ
ʱ䣬质Ϳ£ȥһЯżֱֳһֶһɫϺЩܺܿͱֳɼأƴһһˮ
ĺɫ˳űԵ̿ÿһξһ׶ȻŮܵĵط֪ЩʲôЩ׶ͿʼðˮȪ
֮ǰûϸ质չȥˮһ飬Ѹ˼ߡ
ɵȫʱЦòѡ
С찡ɵÿɰ˲۽ˮЦͰóվڰϿʼʳ
质ŷֻۣζͬ
ܱ˵ɡɰ
̫Ҳ̫ˣ˶͸ıĿ
质̲ס䣬ħʱûһ˸̧ͷû˸Ҷ˵ֻ
ħʱ
Ҳ֪ħЩһǷѾڶʱǷô˻ҡ

Ӱ׷ˡ
ħſڣһСħ޿ӭ󻤷æΡΡʺá
šҷ۵Ƴһۣ΢һ׺͵ģ
ħ֪Цħף˫ŵ÷ҿһۡ
찡ħߣҲù󻤷
ֱӰ׷Ա߹ȥħ޲ųһ֮æΧûˣܿԼȥˡ
ħڣӰ׷ſ˺ܾõħ֮˼ħ𵽵ȥ
˵ĹܲħȥħҲܻƾʧһʱ䣬ûһξù
һ㣬Ѿкüˡ
ħħʮûħ޸Ūӣ˶ԼʹħҲûл
Ӱ׷ţȥαװʱĺڵ׺ۣڱǼ⣬ǳһ˿ζ
Ϊʱȥ£ζѾǳ˺ܶ࣬ϴڹǸŮϣħʵζ
Ϊ˲ݾûʸȥе˼ΣȴʼûӰ
ǡħѾڱ𴦽˰ɣ
磿
Ӱ׷ܿ²⡣
ħӹħ󣬾ľзһħڻĵɫ֮УȨѹħޣһܾħˡ
ߣħ֮λģ׷
뵽Ӱ׷ֱϵۣǴħζ·ϡ
ȥжһףò׵ɲܾôˡ
Ҫǡħ磬̫ˣ

ȥɽ˽˻
һСڣתͯؽҵΡ
[Ƕѧÿ졣]ͯЦۣóܵ˼ߵĹ衣
ԵͷǺ£ֻˣӲԽԽѧϰγѭԺ֪ѧϰȤӶѧϰˡ
ֻҪúѧɾͶЩӶߣѣҲֵһᡣ
仰֪ͯ뵽ʲôſ𴽣ۿ𽥱΢죬ֽдϧôˡ
ÿҹ˵ܻ׵䡣
˶࣬ҵأû붫Զݵȴһʱѹ뱯˾һ˹͸
Ůھ
֮仹⣬ɥ֮ʹѾԺӵӰ
֪ŮǷĿ˵ɹϵˣҲ֪ܵʱҲ̶á
Ůıû˵ֻǱ˱
ͯؿ޹ˣְҩʼҹĻơ
룬Ψǿܰõ
δԲϲ˾ʱŮһ˴Դѡ󣬿Ϊȥ
ΪֹžĹԣôתֳ

ˮΪΪħں֮С
ֻܿجγˡ
Ծĵļ仰
㲻䰮ء
Ҫ
ִΪɱħ

质ѾˣξֻξһС֡ڣѾƽľؿˣ˳㻹ܵһ¡
˳˵ȥȻǸسͯء
һסһΣξݵ̴໹ûǼƽ
ڵĵطڡ
质Цһûôɵɱ˻˵ĵ̣ڶ˶һⲻ鷳
Ǽ俴
质˫ۣ۲죬ΧһȦڵˡƺвڵġ
һɫӰȺ֮УղŲԹȥ
Է质ɫҲһȥ
Ȼһһó
ⲻǡ󻤷
л˵
󻤷Ƥһ



ʮ 
ڶ, ʱ质ڴ
峿ˮ澭ƬŨǰ㱻Ǽ˵Ӱ, 󻤷, վȺ, ҪЦЦıӡǳ̡
֪, 󻤷Ӱ׷ʡ͵ĵơ
ɵǶԷõαװαװ֮£һΪͷԡƽϢħ缫Ļң֤ʵ
Ӱ׷ԭ򡭡Ӱ׷޿޵ҳϡ
ڣξ, ׷Ǹͯص˶, Ҳ󻤷һ

һ˯ӳۡ
质˳ʱ, ٴοʼϸ˼ε塣
ԭԸ˵뷨Ӱ׷Ҳãصħ磬Ὣɱ֮졣
, Ӱ׷еļܹŵˡ
Ļ
质پЩƣ
ξڣݻδ, Щ˲֮ġ
Ӱ׷û˵һ仰, ɵվǣѾвԤС
ٿա
质, ⼸, ͯزδ, ҲûΧתȻԷͻһЩܶϸ΢ĲҲĲ²⡪ֻǸΣѣδһܸı䡣
ܸı䣬Ǿٺòˡ
ڣǲܶӰ׷·ʹֻһδǡ
质ѹŨİдȥԷİߡ
εʱƽʱľɫԼǲ·
֪ʲôʱƽ̹İðʯͷһ棬ʯպôˮߣγɵŶ硣
ٽλõˮðһݣˮ£ͷ̵̦ڻҺɫʯϣֲ̦֮Ƶİɽɫһζ
ΧĳذѾɽʯϳһ壬Ҳһ񣬲ϸǱƹġ
ˡˡˡ
нû质ǰ˴գŬŨ֮пľɫ
ǱиӰ
һͣˣŽŲӰҲ
С죬ǱҳˣϵŮŸӣŸӣЦӯӯ
质ƾʶһˣȴײһӲĶ
ŶԹֻһءɵײ˹ܵæ˵û¿档
质ŸˮϵԲͲ״ĶĬˡ
ҪжģŻꡣ
ûע⵽Ĵͣճι㡣
꣬ͼǰֹ
֮ǰ۵뷨ʼжϽҲ±˷֣ʹ󵨵ڰֱӿˣȻҪקʮ鷳
ϵͳͼʱֳԼķ̶̼֮ڣڵһһ˴;ۡ
һ޼ʵĹƽ̹µľܱ״᾵ɽʯԵľš
⼸ĳɹǳгɾ͸У깤峿ԴС죬갡
质ͣںڶǰһʱ侹֪ζ
ңܿ˴εľ档
ͯСڹԼϢȥκһ塣
[ҪЩʲôҰһɡ]
һƾдõֽͯó𱶸οȥŮɹ˼ʻСڵļܹѧÿһŹζãѧҲϰǱ˼Һ͡ھȻϢæɸб
ǣ˿Ͱʣ޼ʳ˵Ǿȥһ԰ɡ
ڴ¿ʼڳԷ֮ͲϺ߹ֿιˣǻһɡ㷹
Ŵ˿ڻָ˫ݲˮƷѾǹȥʽҪǿʳơ㷹Ľ齥٣Ӻ࣬Ϊۿɼĳ㷹ĵ÷ɿ죬ʱʱһΡ
ܶʱܻɴûгԱ
ܳûԱҪŵģ֮Բܿ
ţθõûԹġԴ˸кŴͯ뿪Ʒ塣
ͽ质Ƴᣬ꣬ǲꣿ

ƷĵǶͯȻϤҲ˵ѡһסԣǿͯʱҲóֵ顣
ͯʦã㿴βҪҪһֻ棿
ͯʦã㿴ƴƯƯˣһȥͷ
ͯʦãõĶ̫ˣ㿴ֻʳãɰɣֻҪСıҧ֡
ͯʦá
ͯرΧţЩ֪룬㡣
ֱҡͷ԰ʲôãҲģǴҵİöͦرװѱŵ
ֵ̧סˣʦʦǣЩȲˣǰѧϰʱأûʱ
һѧϰðָĿڣԶԣѧҵΪء
ΣεĻ⣺վɣ뿴û֮ǰûùġ
԰ϰΪԴƳػλʦãƽʱԵԽԽҲԽԽʣԽԽ󡣴һһҲûʲô
ôӵⷿûͯȺãȻҿ˿ѡһˡ
˼תͷͯزˡ
أ
ͯʦãͯʦء
԰ʧɫȻһŪˣ
ʱ˶ͷӬһת
԰µģ·
˹ıԵǻ壬Ϊ˲Ƶģʧ£Ҳιյĵطľƣã˴澭һצӾܰͷƤƿԹյĵͷ϶ץҧĿñᶯܳҴܣҡ
ҪСʦý죬ǿлﶼУ
˶ʼæˣҲ⣬Σյĵط˼Ȧûˣȥɽļ޹ݿҲûˡһȦʱڣһδɵĹڷ
Сӡߡ⬡ӡաܳĶﶼԹԵſͯߣ·ڰ
˿ôľ󣬷׷׸̾ѣҲ̾ǰѩ
ҵͺãߣȴֱ˼ʵСԣԵɣһڱŶĵô˵ģ
лͯʦðæʧٶյ޶ҵˣСл⡣
һ˻ƴޣǵ࣬Щ⡣
԰û˵
ͯطƷ壬ȥ·ϣȴͻȻһ¡
ΪʲôŮСϲȴСϲأ
СˮӣǷϲ˽ͯػ롭β˦һͣ
˵´ˣŮֻëףˮࣿ
ЩȲƾӣǴȥع䡣
һѾûˣӻкܶ࣬ô˻ᣬͯʵˡ
ùͯʮ߳ء
Ϊµһأʮ߳һǳ̶ɽ£޷޲ůʣཿСһ֣ʺ̳
˳رߣʾͯǰأˮԣ
ͯˣ֮УȺûбֳµ˼̽ԵΧ֣д󵨵ģͯص
͹ˡ
룬ѲɣϡеĴƢŹ֣ϲҶϲģ
ȻʵˣҲûʲôҪٴȥůóҲ࣬˾
ɾʱӵͷԶЩƮ
ΪԼ˭ʦ־ŵ㡭
ҲûˡһС
üͷţԽоԡ
ǣ۸ˣ
Ȼ֪ڶȻƽɽͷһμ
ǹܶˣҪ߶ȥ򣬱Ұ
ͯҪȥͨһ
ˮˣ
ߣ
ε˳̧ͷһȻԽŵӡ
ǵˮǡ
س
һʱ֮䣬ıһţҲǣҲǡ
л˵
϶Ҳܵ˼ãҪô죿



ʮ 
ֵɽ, ɽ»иˮص·һû
οسԭиˮ񵽱ĻԵڵʮصٲ
ʮءȷΣ, ֻҪúü, Ҳ
س, ȴƾˮܱǴ, ƫڶԷҲܻΪġ
գû־磬ȽͯͻƾӣѸٻˡ
֪¾ˣҪ֪ȴӣһ⡭Ҳδ֪Ĵۡ
ûöʱ, ˵ʮ, ȴ±߻еԽӡԷ±ཱུɫȻϵٲ͸ʪ, Ѿɵˡ
λͬš䵽󣬡Ҹոʲôˣ
תͷһָ, һþֵСˣȥˣ
Ѿŵ״Ρ
ǰǶ, ٲѩ׶çײ, һԾɱ֮ơ
ʮĳصʮص, ˿ҲⶸΡƴ, пֱܰǺ䵽, пܱײãǡֻҪ˵ȥ롭
˭ȥˣԷȷϡ
ԽֵĵӵıӾ̣ʦܣʦܵȥˣ
ȻûʣһͲ˵ʦһԾڣ׽˲ˣʱ䶼ղźһЩʦƽʱ˲ٺۣƽʱᷳʦֳߣƫҪԡ
С˿ĭҿ˽ʦܴߣĸˣǳƣʦܡұȰͣȴֱʦվ±ǹУûһ͡͡
ý±ߵĲݵأﳣҶʪһ죬״򻬡
ͻȻоһ׹СץĿʦܵȥûˣôҲûǲǡô졭
ȥԽԽڷ£ȻӲܡ
Сͷٳ
Ҳȥл·ƷϣҲܱڹ
áõġ
ۼСԶȥٲԱߣݹˮԴˮ죬ĴԿκ·ϻȱ֫塣
سѾضˡ
̲סĦָ⣬дĶദûȥ֤ʵȷ£ͷˡ
꣬ҲٳлƵסȥ

д˿̣ԽȻŭǰŵˡ
ŵöɸһԵƷֻǵƳһۣδ෴Ӧ
һֱ֮ͬҪѰȴɳ˲֮£
Խܴ̫Լҷ˾ͨͨˣɫüѿҪһ
Խ۾ֱգ˺һ˾ϣ
𣬷ϳѧţҲ̤һҪͨţΪ䣬Ϊ裡
Ʋ죬ҲҪ
ֳͽŵʵʵĿֲµŬһ˵ҲȫˣڴãǾ˶ã
Ǵˣǰɣ
뵽һ㣬ʹ飬ڲѵģϥǰ뱧Ĵȣȴغݺ߿
Խֳлƣ̵ĵҵĲǣҡ
һ̾ϢѾԱ
޷лƱɵģֻǰĿת𣬡˿ҵˣ
ҡҡͷʦʦѰңֻǻûʦܵټ
±лֽһЩˮԺõͬֱˮˡ
ԤõЩ̲سġ
ǡѾõԼ
ٲĺ
ҵˣ
·ͻȻһϲĺʦܣ
Լͬ¿ȥֻƷӰ˳ŵ˰ߡ
سҲûˮֻ˶ʪܵģ͸ˮɫףȴּоһ˫ںڵͫ
ȥһͬ˵ˣҸոȥôöûҵʦҲûǺˮ
ɰɣʦû²ôһ̵ƣ
ڵϵسԷɫǺܺãԽ˵ȷ֮У¶Ƥܿһɫ׵״ĺۼʾ˶ʹࡣ
콫˹ˡȻ˲ٿࡣ
سעӣֻǶ˵ͷȥλ㱨ˡ
һд꣬ǹʱ̡
ȥʳô򷹻ƾͯѾùˡ
򿪷УƮͯصһʳֻԵʱ˹˹ģĲ˴Сɵϰߡ
ϿһۣǰһĿαıʼǣŮȻû͵
ȳ˷ֿͯʼˡ
һ߰ź˯һߴԺ﷭ϷӴĹ
ʱգпһǱνҰԵĹ
ʶ֮УһĨ׹һץס׹ֳԭΣȻһ顣
Ի䡷
һ˲䣬²ۣʲôż䣬ϷѵҲǴԽô
һҳҳдһ仰ǲ䣬Ǳ䣬汾ģǱҡ
󷭣дǽˣ
ôͻȻøСƵġ
صȥֺÿһҳдһ編
˸ľˮ޻ǰǿűȽƽϵйͱȽˣʲôΣӰ뵽ȴֲ֪ʲôõĶ
ѡ˿ˮϾˮġ
һͲΪԼѡơ
ˮ̵ĽˮƳɽ磬ָˮȴֲˮΪˮ֮гΪĿռ䡣
ؿ˰磬Ķˣֽġ˺üΣ󣬾ȥƳʵһ
ɣͯʱҲˡ
һ˵һء
Դ׽ٰѵһˣƷĲԴԴϣģѡ
Ƴصıû㣬˺öѿ棬лвϡжȸߵѣлѹ׵Ķóˡ
֮һعСһĻ̫˷ѣҲ̫įˡ
ʱ˿̣ͣԹǰƲĴ㣬ĵСһ£˵ܰѴ̻ˡ
ˮ质Ȼоģתͷһ
ôñ
质޿κεؽһŮڴ̽̽һͷȥ
ˡ
质˳ܾܲݡ
ȥཹཱུˮԱ߳һ£
质װźƵε˹ܳˮǣ仨Ƕһˮݡԭ̬СƬҲʱʱЩ
ϣóһ֦ǳ̲ϻŸղżµĽš
ｨС磬ÿСͬɫС㡣ЩС㱻С˻ɫˣ֤ʧܣɹͬɫ֤ɹ
뵽ܿ콫С续ãﵹ벻ͬɫѡ
ǵһβøۿȥѾⶪˮһֻҪֲԱߵˮѲӰ죬˯
ǳɹˡ
ͷ书ݣûע⵽εǰ˰졣
иطĲԡ
质ֻǿһۣ֪⡣
ԶŮ߿һۣıʴһǵһνӴ磬һξܻôƣѾˡ
质ͼ𣬱β̲˼˿ħˮǳ̶ɳϣպȥһʣȴֱŮǸ⣺С죬𣿡
ֲǶͶ̥
质βһ˦תͷɹ̫ȥˡ
ʱһһȥܿ͵˰
ʹĸ첲˸׼ͯˡ
ûٳƳһӰƳ
ʦ㡣
ɫͷʾ⣬¶һĨײ΢Ц
İ˵ͯزȥȴ̲ס̽ͷ
ΪسƷˣгɣʦܡ½ˣ
سףѾǣҲѹ洦ˡ
Ǿͺáͷֿ꣬ʦΪ°
س˿ͯأ򴽣ҵٲʱһ
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΢ЦŸͣ˶ѵһµģ
سһ£ӽóһѽ
ͬʱ质ͫҲȻһ
ѽģر𣬽ԺɫΪɫ̳ɫƣףмһ˿ߣϱеĺ˪֮⽻֯ͬʱֳů˫ɫ
ҪǣŶ֣Ϊ
质ĿŰ꣬ɱ
ǣǧٴιᴩģѽ
Ϊ
ɲ֮䣬ΪδԸıͷֶҡˣ质룬ǷЩ޷ıġ
һߣھ֮С
ϷӵĽٲˣû߸ԼУȴû뵽̤ЬٴǱˡ
һѽ
нֻ񵽽һ˲䣬ʧˣӡҵʶسĳϿҵ˵ǵţָмߵﱾҲûɫġ
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ʲôûס
سһȻʦµƳм񵽵ģʦĶֻԭˣռΪУҲ᳭¼һݳ˽ء
˼ǡ
س˫нǰݳʦ㣬°ɡ
д󾪣˿ԣȴ̲סһ
в
л˵
ϵͳ



ʮ 
˿, ϵͳʶпЦͬħҶ
Цʲô
ûʲôϵͳһբס
Ҳûܱһ̵Ϊ򱦶ʱ, Ҳô𾪵ġ
ûϵͳķ, صضǰƯı, ֻĹâޱȴۡ
, ̾һʦܣ⽣񵽣ԭͲҪκˡ
ϷҵѽΪˣ˳㻹Ӧ˾, ȴû뵽Ҫ鷳ˡ
׻
سҡͷμǵҵĽ̻, ռˣͼһ䱦ȴ˵ĵôԵȪ֪ǡ
G, еôĺܻôõô౦ģ
ɵشسһ￴⻰˵ȷʵϿ档
ô, ҺΪѰ
һ£ʼơ
ʦ, , ֪ŻĵطֻԵ߲, Ե, ȻҲõʸ񡣡
ɡ
ʦ, 㷢õ˽ף֤Ҳѡ㡣Եǿеõ˵ͲǻԵǻˡسʼԥˣּ˰ѻ𣬡սǿиң˵ûǰңǺң
سɫһҾ޴⣡
ЦЦǱã⽣뽣ţѧҹšôҲҪȡϽø֡
س죬ûֻĬĬ
ͯغọ̲̈̄סµĽָ
ҲνġԵɣ
ˣ㻹ûͯͯʦã״ӡ
ͯػûӦͱżƵǰ档
Ůʽ档
۵Сδ֮ǣһ±Ƶػӡ
˵ҲǹҪҪֹһ룬²裬вɿǧټֹƽ顣
ԭʶЧӦȶӴӡ
ڣƽ棬ﲻһˣá
سȷӦȫ˵һ䣺ͯʦúá
ͯŴ۾ع۲سɽЩĶǱٵʦʦ㣬ȥģͷһء
ͯʦ屧ʱ˵˻ʦܲҪֲźá
ᡣسиֳһ˿ȣܿƿߣû̫ġ
ͯҲջغĿ⣬ĵصĺ󱳣ͷǰĴֻسǸİʦ֡
ϣһ仰˵ע⡣
أλʦ֣ŽΪŵӵġֻңʹûлͨ˽׵˽ڣĿǰĵӣҪΪѧϰŶ
䣬ͬʱ̧ͷͬ
سȻؿ˿û뵽ԼΪλʦڷŬֿͯأֶԷһ˫·ս⡣
ǻһѧñã
ֻһͱͯƣд仰
ָ⣬Ц⽥ͯصͷãһ
سҲ⵽ͯдֵĶɵͷ鿴ͯһ۴ס
㣬Ҹ
ֻεתͷس⻰һ£˵Ҫ㡣
سһʱЩݣԽʱ˶ᣬһЩ˵Ķڮ٣һ˹Ҫһȣпǲܵġ
˵ͯʦʲô׵ģңһ֪޲ԡ
ߣ˭Ҫ㣬õö࣡
ͯ˸һ㲻سӡ
л
ʮĺӺʤľˣֻֻͯΡ
˵ͯʦǻѧܱȳ˿ϼ
س⡣
һֺͬʱӵ츳Եѡûж̰塣͵
سһ㶡
[£Ҿһ£ʱ˭]
ͯѧĽãֱӳһֽд
سˣٳҲҪάֲס
Ǿ;ʦüˡССüͷţǲǫġ
ߣ
ͯĹĵȭͷֽд[ھȥѧϰ]
βǰС־ӣһ˿ɰ

ŮܻʲôԵģΣգƴѧϰһеĵ£Ҫѧӣȭ飬
ţ˼·ǳѪڡ
ôһ֣سҲû˵黹£֮ǰӼᶨ뿪Ƴء
С
û뵽ͯص汻֮ǰż͵춼ûôϢһۣҹ˯ǰܿѧϰӰ
سĸͯصѧϰȼڵĵӣʹӱ崫Ϊһڻͨڻ¡
⾢ͷȥ˵ܸϣ

һա
һУһڻѧϰĽ֮һΪ˲οڵĽϷӵǱкβͬ
ͯزڵʱгʱѧϰЩ¶
֪䣬Ҳˡ
ͻȻһˮɳ̲ۼſرܿЬʪĲҾ硣
̾˿鱾һּ͵ĹβͲߣȥͷĴ㡣
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С찡ô£ܰšë׵ĹβͲӴͷԼ治Թ𣿡
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֮ףһֲԣƻ
ֻǡΪ˱ĳӡ
ǡѧˣҲŹβͲһֱŪɴù֣ƾôҲӦСƼˣͻȻҧһڣѹβݻһ顣
ôһȣ԰ò
˼㾿ǶˣˣǷ.ˣһ紵һĨӰߡ
Գһ£˭æӵĲվ
׷ЦǺǵؿְ˰֣ʾþš
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ǰ֣˼ĿȴǳԶ˶£ȴɼģʵ˲
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˵ͯǰԣͯأˣٷɽѰһסӽӣƽȹһ
˵ЩǱ߶û뵽ӲŸԸġ
Щ꣬ҲֳһĨʹת˲š
תͷüĿչָһ㣬ͯԵܾʹƽһҲֻжԹѱǸɲԸˡ
ĬȻˣ˭ҲûͯԵݡ
һһУȴ֪òʡ
ʲôʵģʰɡ
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ԣҺˡĵһ˳ӦԼĵ˳ȻõĽ
˵⣬̾һʱѾѵ˳òҲŲ£ԥ꣬ջ̲סȴû룬ЦȰ̹Ȼԡ
Ųµģֻһ˰ˡ
𾲾ⲻ֪дøϸ
ռһˣ˵˲ܸı䡭
质Ժнξ龰һһ䣬ᶨˡЩҲܺû˳ˮ
ȥ̫磬ûʳһҪ⣺˼ǣһ˵ľԸı䲻𣿡
Ҳô˵ҡҡͷڸɺ֮£һ˵ҲԱı䡣һˣ佻ߣԿɸı˥ˣԽıҲԽ󡣡
˼صͷתͷȴĿȵض
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ҲֻǴмԴӼ㣬Ҿס֡ʲôˡĿº͵ݣ·𿴼ʲôϡرи»֮࣬˵ܸıһЩõľ档
ʵһʵ˿
û˵ʵҲ绹û̫ס
˰ա˵ͷְһҽ𣬡ͯͯصĶƽʱٽ
á½ңĿ뿪Ʒ壬Ӱܿʧڸɽ֮
Ǿͼˡ
صߣľɳ̲дд
ʱƽ质ٶȸˮ档
Ѿãٹһ£ԪҹأҲħʢʱڡʱ㻯Ϊˣɱسͯضˣٻħõ󻤷Ӵٲ̤һ
ȻԸһҲǲС
ħħ޻ûл῾ġ
质һۣٶȷȱһ㣬ˮȥ
С죡
̱ڲ֪ٴˮ֮޿̣ȹǰ
ü䣬ᣬͬЦصһ㡣
ôįҸҸϱţ
л˵


ʮ 
, 4-6ʢڡ
ʡԼСĽչô죬ǵ˳ڣˡ
쵽, ෱ֳĺʱ, , 벻СΪʲôô˷ܼįɡ
̥, ǰֻ轫ѷֱͶˮнϣֳͨʹ㻳ֱ̥ڶС
ǰɡ
ڣֻҪ׼һľ裬һ㣬, ٰľӼ, һ£ܾܽˡ
һβ޴󣬼ϵͳİٷְٷ, Ȼ̲סʼδһصľССʢ
õģ˵Ͱ죬ýпգѾȪ̽һ׼
Цеؿ˴һ, ֿ˿ɹ۵һǷǳõĻ, ʱ㱦ҲὡƷ㡣
ǲ֪ܲܰסˡ
ǽɽһĲƸ, 鼫ãŸתȪȥ
质ضŮıӰ, , Ůֻ˵˾֡ûͷûβûʵֵĻ, ͻشӰ뿪ˡ
续ɵô
质Դ¶ˮ棬³һݣַ˼µԼŸɵһ˦βȥ˯ˡ
Ȫǰóûõ׷óɲؾһף
ܿ죬֣סӣʱһ֪ûʲô
ȻֻмұQС㣬϶һ̵ġ
ʧذСһһӽҵֲĵȥɲ֪ʲôԭ򣬽ļûʲôջ񣬲ȱɺͽСƷֲ㡣
ô¡ҳʱ䲻
⵱ȻܣϵͳӦȪ۵ɣæͣ˵ȪͨؾȪۺ󣬲ܿؾһˮԣղźܿûȺ
𻺻ͷ͡
ʱ䣬ʼһδһδοվĹ̡ⲻͣЪˮ͹ھҵĵУˮĴŪˡ
̴ž质̧ۣŮôﲶ㡣׽ٹټʵûټˡ
质ԥƬ̣ˮ棬ԶԶ۲
ǵŮʲô̼
һߣ˿·Ҫȫѹ³Ǻӡ˫֣򲻶ӶʧȥһЩ֪Ӷˡ
˵ʲôҲҪ̳һСС࣬ƷҲƥģ
ĸģģ
һģһѣְ˽ȥ
ϵͳҲЩ̣˵ٿһؾˡ
һΣ˸ϰһᡣ
ж
֮ǰʮûĸоǳأǳʵУӸֳĲ
ˣ
ĿԽҲԽᶨһһһΣˮģһĨӯۺ졣
ˡ
һССһأҲɫƯĴ㡣
ͣذѴȱˮæʢ
ʱգС˳
հѴŽȥͱһβˮ⻹ûƺܾˣû꣬ʱѾʪ˰ߡ
üһĨ˰ͷһθܵСʵԵġ
ôôССҲһˮֻС죬ƯĴûһΰˮŪϡ
ȻǰˮõϣŮá
ԶиϤĺ㡣
ԵĴҲ֪ʲôüɴˡ
񴲣ڵλá
С죬
质Ӧ̧ͷ÷·ǡ
һμŮֱʵ⡣
ץһ㣬ôô
ĸ桭ɱöడ
ģ˵ʲôر֮质ؿһۣûʲôÿ֮
һ룬˵ϱ
质

㣬⡣
ɫ䣬ҲǺɫȻСȫȷĳ̶ԶһЩڰ.۵ɫҲƯĴ㣬ƷҲ
ΣĸͷҲ㹻ôʵټСûв̫࣬ҲСԴͰβֲ͡ʣһӾһС˸о
ҪǣѾˡ
Ĺңһӡ
Ҳһ۾ͷԭ
ĶֹĹĵģ·һҪˣ̬Ҳ΢ӷԵûô
ûϵһӵǧǧ㺢ӵĸףôΰ
˻񴲣ʣС죬ô
ʲôô
质ĺɫ㣬ȷʵ֮ǰĴܶ࣬ζӦò̫ɡ
ִսһЩʾ⡣
ǣ质ûӦʱͱһѶڣɫĴһˡ
ȻҲϲǾȺһ¸ɡ
ʲôΪʲôҪһ飿
质ɵؿ˿ߵ㣬ѵŮƳʲôͿ㣬ֱӳԣҪһЩ鷳£
̽ؿҪϸʲôȴһԴϡ
ţһ˸ߵˮɢʢȪһ
̫ˡ̫ˡ
ˣԽԽԵʪ֪ӿ϶͸ˡ
˵ԽԽо񣬵̲סʼģС첻Կɣ
սʵڹ͡
ȴ㰲ǰ鿴Сֻǰؿڸһˣ̽ûУἤ׷ˡ
ܻǲ졭
֪ͻȻñƽʱӾ裬شĿǰҲûвѵ顣
ǻϤˡ
˾ǣգ质һĸһ
ʼ质ûʲôףֻΪҪֱŮιʳʱ֣֡
ˡôеġ
㵵Ļں棬ҪúʶȡһѽƯı
ǿ̣벻̡
质֪Ůһֱһ㣬ȷʵ̬£ȴû뵽гһվᱻڴһӡ
㣬Ҳÿ
质ܵؿԱߵĴ㣬㳤̫ͨԵ۾ͣľګۡһһһ֮䶼Ҫ⶯źʵ㴽ϴı飬ֳĹ֮С
䡭
质޲ھͱȥŮ۾úÿ
质̵סȴ̲סˡ
⼸죬㽹ΧŸתʱʱһӣǴˡ
ٵˡ
µһ峿˳һ˶ľ裬ʢˮֲطˮݣ͵ѵ㳲
˿е㣬ȴӸϤС֡
Сǳͨԣֱ˵С죬Ҫȡ١١١١١Ǿнıˡ
ãСҪöŻġ
Ȼ质ֻ׻Ӳ
ԭ⼸գǱͷ
ۼҪ质ֱһβѳܾӴܡСָʣֱҲӲȥ
ŮϢ𽥽ˣ质ѹ֣ڻŲ·Ǵײһ
С죬ˡ
ٴδ质ڼ˵ļз쳣侲
ǰûǵĴ㣬۾Ѫһɺ졣
Ƭڵߵˮڶֻһ˲ӰʧӰ١
Ȼ˵
ֻĹѸ磬δӦʱſڣǱСһȦĴˣ
С졭
质˿ûôɹһͺܺü춼Բ¶
ɸ֣ѵϱ緹ô˰
ϸκǰոˣһ˻ҪϺöࡣ
ѵʳˣ
С죬Ҫ˵˵ϲʲôģҸңεؽʵ
质ľȻƳһֱۣǱˮȥ
첻
л˵
𣺾ֻǡ١
质㲻Ҫ



ʮ 
ԼİСëˡ
ιʱϹ, ֱӰˡ
ľͰվڰˮɴֻ׽Բ, 졣
ʾ, 첻Է, ٳ⡣
С, ҴˣԺҲǿϱˣ˭þ͸˭ãֵҲٹˡڰ߳Ͽϴ毺õһ˫ü, 
·ˮ质ͷһ, ʹദʱҲǲϰߡŮᣬ˵ȴʱ, Ρ
ңʲô
С죬ԷɣкܺóԵ㣡ٴκ, ⶳܹ𣿿ɱë, ҪԵ¡Ҫǳô죿, ʱС켸پͺˡ
质һ졣ոջڵ⼸ûԶôתͷ
ǡ
ʱ, ҲѾ, ȻѾʶ, Ҳٲˡ
ôţ质ϸˮ棬ΪӭŮϲȴΧúܡ
ƵתѲӣȴͰԶֻһӰ
ĳֻаյʱ
ʱ˿̣վ֮ǰõĽǰ治ͬɫѡ
ȥڽ˱仯ɫأ㿪ʼ
ϲڽ¶࣬Ȼڵһָ߶ȵĳˮУǼѷġ
ڼЩû̧ͷչһظˮ档
ò˵ôֻһСһС̫˷ˡ˵Сƺܿ죬ôҲռ˵һؼֵأӦ¹滮һ¡
ϵͳġϳܣǵһأеĳӲҲ൱˷ѡֻҪͬ㣬ٽ䷴ϳɣõĸƷͨƷʵмֵöࡣ
Ͼ书ܼӵǷʣǸƷʡ
пֱȥͳһʣжٸԼˮ֮࡭
˵ɾ͸ɣϾٻСʮ߳תһȦÿӵϸϢϸ¼
У𿴼½½еɽӴϿصĻڵˡ
ʲôڲѡλ𡭡
ֵؿЩӰȥ˺ɽλֻϧ̫Զ
ܿЩר־ؼͳϢ
һа꣬Ѿɽˡ
صһأԶԶͿĴ㣬ƺûзڲԷϦůٹâˮһݡ
С죡
һͻȻͷ质͵ͷŮںɫƬϣЦ
ůŮ壬ͬһϼƳɵɴ£˫ҲӳһĨɫ
质֪Լ
ȻͲ֪Щʲôˡ
质پЩ꣬ˮתȦջûгˮС
ʹС½˽ˮƽ룬ָѹһ´ļ
Ửʪıָʪ
质̾˿ƺҪӽʲôԾſ졣
϶Ҫιˡˣξ͸ӡ

ˣôػûǲǱˣȻӦСڻԼ⡣
ÿѧʱͯؾͻᴵڽСȥӣСȻ̩ɽûа뿪˼ζû˽
ߣСڣȥ̫·ͺˣ̫Σա
С˷ܵؽ˼βһٷˡ
ͽˮе质

ɽ
ʮ͸ڹ㳡վţÿ߶һɽ죬ƺҪȥ
Щͽϴ˾Ӷ࣬ŶǳӸɾÿһһֳʡ
ȺɨһȦмѲʱġ
ûֻ߽ԶĬĬ۲š
ûãˣ߻ͯء
һ˲ΡΡһ񣬵ҵҽ㣬ûܽŮ⡣
һ̧֣ս𣬡Ϊæµһ죬Ҹл㡣
ҡҡͷŮʧҪǾŹȵ¡ǽҩ鵤ûܺתҿΨԼ磽ĽᣬȬ
ǳɣǡ
һ취˺Ȼ֪֪ҽ
ҽ
Ī̾Ϣѧҽߣ󶼲Ը޵ֻΪ֪˵ж࿲پãĲʹҲԽ࣬ʵڿʹĪͬΪ֮޵֮;ֻΪܻøãκø񼲡
ң˳ΪŮȥ᲻Ρ
꣬Ŀ΢ǣģ
֪˻ҡͷʮǰʧȥϢûټǶ£ΪֵܴܵҲԸҽˡ
Σ
Ρ˵Ҳ֣ܵźһģһȴ෴оƢҲңԼ˰ɡ̾˿Ī֣ȴ֮ͽʵڱ
ò
ǵģڹģǶˡҽĪͷĪ
ĪĪܵܶ˸š
ԭһηǳ˷ֱŮһǰ˺һ󾫷֣Ž⿪˫̥š
һ˫̥ͬʱŮҲԳʱ趨
ֵ֮Ĺ¹Ѫüֱһ֮Ϊ˰ɺͽ⣬Ȼûдˡ
֮ûаȤֻκͯصʧȤ趨ܵĪҽȸҪ߳ȻáҽͷεǸ磬ͷδȥģǵܵܡ
ʹĪĪͷҲҽ
˵ѾûȥˣĪ˵õҪҲˡ
Ը񡭡Ӧûǳɡ
첲ļƤ

̫ɽʱڰͯشƾӡ
һţͯؾͷٰѿαͳǰϰĹΡ
𿴼ͻɽ͵ļƣֱʧЦأȳ극ѧȻŶûо
[ȳǸˡ]
ֽͯϷɿдһ䣬ÿҪ
Ǹˣһ²ŷӦس
û뵽˾ѧЧȻĺãȥħ֮ʣسͯһ˾ܰħͱԴˡ
ȻֻħӦҲûô˰ɡ
ϰͯҵͷȥʱ˵ι˲ٵҩ
ͯԥһ£˵ͷ
ôûңͯ棬ӣţ
ͯձ÷ۺ죬Ȼſæֽд[ⲻҪû˵]
˵ҪһСư𣿡
ͯأ[ǾһӵСư͡]
Ҳ̫˰ȣ
ЩܲˣסԼ
ЩĵͯѾðװۣСӣ٣Կɰ
ôҲ취ȥҽûҩ
ԭûдŮʧľ飬ǾֻпǺЧӦµģֻɵӰҲ
վǰǻˡ
İɣ취
ͯͷȴָ˵ţڽ֮ǰͰѧϰɣ

ڶգӿʢ顣
ֵĽ飬ģԲһ֪ǾƷ
ҽʱҪͬΪöԷʧԼ
ǽ鰡ڽϣҲҪһ
֮⣬𻹰ϷӺ߸Ľⷭ˳
˼ǣѾϴιµĵõ
ȻΪ˸ڹ׬Ķòˣ⻹һѣûǮ
ʲôҲѾˡ
ʰȫȥһؿһ½ѵСɽȥˡ
质ĬȻڳŽԶȥӰĵһɲϻۣڿҪﵽٽ㡣
ڱ
Ѿ죬ĸʱûԷˡ
л˵
质Ҫʧȥˡ



ʮ 
ʱ, ֱ˲١
·ߵ̯λָϴβһˣ֪˼ˣ򶼸֮ǰֻͬΧɻ, һ
ڵõɴ, ȷϺûиԼ, һͣͣ¥ȥ
¥, ۿɼر֮ǰ֣ǰĸ·ˡΧǽ³˼ŹŲֵƣϡ֡ģ϶һֽдš֡
Եͷޱο, ейƶʵʡ, ȫ㡾ְصذ򹤣취
۵õúֵ
ĬѾ࣬ԼؽĽ, ϧ
ôæû㣬ֻ´ٲˡ
ûϵ, ϴļ䶳Ҳϡ
Щ඼Ƴغؾֿĵ
õģ
ϵͳü¼, ͽǽɨ, ʼԶ
ֱ̨ڹ̨ǰͷ¼, ӴˡŴƵӰ
͸Ļᡣ̨߽, ָ̨, дֵһ٣ͷҲû̧ˣȥǱߵǻ㡣
ǣҪأѹβ¶һЦ⡣
˶˲ˣæ̧ͷѽʧԶӭˣҲûҡ
һϻ̳Ͽֵӣ˰֣û£ֻ˭
µӣһǴ֮ǰĹ
̲סЦ˼¥ԽԽãһʵչ˲ȥ˾ٲ˸ҡ
صˡ˾񣬡Ŷжã
˵ģǰѹĻͶˣ˵ΪʱչЩۣҲǲƵһʡ
˼صͷֿǽϵӡȷ¥Ǹôͨʱòô죬һЩϡеû֪ĲϣûȺ֪¥˶ˣŽ򿪡
ܽټĻ죬߶˻ȱңνмС
ƩҲˡǰ¸ղһѣھˡ
ΪгṩֻԽԽֵǮߣ̽˴Դһ֣òʧ
뵽⣬ʣжǮˣ
˼Ƭ̣ӹһĲӣһҳӦʮʯʱ˲ޱģȥǧʯʣǧʮʯ
˵ͷ֮ǰ˵̱ӵ¿ɻ
ӡͷ̼䣿
䡣ǩ
ֻ´ӻͳҳֽչǰһдõԼ
֪ҪӣܰɣҲ̫ˡ
Ҳҡͷÿһ¶ЯЩԷܵһʱǩԼ
˼һ˾˵׬Ǯ£ܵһ롣
˾ͦʱǽǮĵúЦѵ˵Ĺʶ
ʱǽǮʱǽǮ°⻰˼飬˵ã
Цãɲ˵ġ
˭˵ģǩֻѺɡ
գʯа̡
һ¥ĶǶС¥Ӵ㶼Ǵͨ˵ģʮֳ
һһ¥СݣǰȴһܴķⶥԺֿ⡣
Ѿ滮ãǼ俪һҷ꣬Ǽҿһϵꡣ׬ǮֻرǼ㴦Ϳˡ
㣬ζϣ
ݣΪȣδ˿ݡ
ô˵
ԷϾ߻ӣҶ˶ѱٹȣûԷıҪҡҡͷɷҪ룿￪ݣ˵ҪԿ
ûϵ֣ҪûǾÿԣЩΪֹ
óһռң㣬ԼƵķƵĵط
ҵ껹¥һҪйܣˣҪӣѧ׵
¿һۣ¶죬ס
ǺְҵңģЩǶܺܿѧᡣ
ЦеصͷȻ涼ļӹܸĲףÿһǳϸϲƷõľÿһҪʱ䡣ǳɱ֣˶ԼҲѧᡣ
ʳϵĵ̡»ղŵĲ׵ȷֻ˳ԵĶɹԹ
û¥һÿһʱ䶼Ჹ뽻䷽ʵֻϵͳˡ
ţ̵װˡ
ǣӾͰ˵װ㣬װҪգҪҡõʲôˣ
ʼڤ˼룬ǲ
¼״ǺһЦ𼱣ţȥ˾
ʲôһ
£˾ϴεѧҲˣһֱڵȹ㡭
˲Ҹʱ䣬ϾҪߡڰְȾ壬ֱ˵ֱ׵ģȫ¥޶Եĵꡣɣǣ
ͽںҲͷ
¥ֱϱߵСա
ô壬ֵտܱߵ¥ҲЩˣ֪Ϊûеǵһֱû
ӡС·ߵҽƾɵľǰһ̧á
ڴ֮ǰó
ΣƮڴ˵Ρ
Žȥűһζײõ˼۱Ƿᡣ
񡭡ˡͲܴ򿪴
ſڱ߽ȥš
ϣǵ۾ӥһ
㣿
ɳƵڼžΪ죬㻹ǵû
û𻰣ЦһԼˣûʸ̤ȥ
µͬʱܵһǿԼʶ̧ڵ紵䣬ȴû벽ֻ۵һľš
Ϊ񡭡Ī˵һ䡣
۲ĪĪ¶һ΢Ц
Īҽʦҽ̫æûܸԼʵҵĹϣɷ£ǫ˵ֲ꣬ƴֵذѰһٰ̣һ⣬¶ƷѵĽɫӡ
ЩɢöĿĹ⣬һ˲谵ֵͰӣҲĪһ
Щ
Ϊ˱ҵǸ⣬ĪҽʦõҲˣֶһЩװӵİǰһƣ
ĪĬ˺ðΣһŽǰ۲졣
ëЦһȴû˵˳ȥĻˡ
˵ģҲ֪Ůõû
ҡͷĿĻҪ˵ģĪҽʦһҩ
δ˵ٵСⱻŵʧټҽָԹ鵤תĪҽʦΨһܾСõģұˡ
֪ǲǿϣĪûЦǱţɵ̶ֳȡ£бû˵ա
ҽҽû˵ͷڴ֮ǰΪ
Ϊʲֻ·һĪ̧ͷƳһۣ㻹ҽ˵޴󰭡
ֱҪͷ˳㻹ĸơ
£ѣҲѡãĪڡ
Īҽʦ˼ǡ
˿˵ҩƣҩԭϣ֮ѡ
𲻽üͷʣҩҪʲôԭϣ
ĪֻҪһζܳƵϾԭϡ
л˵


ʮ 
ֻһζϡжΪԭ, ʲôС
ڵ·ϣԺһֱ˼仰
ܹ⣬ζҩ, ҩҪĲ, ֻһζҩ
Ⲣõҩ, ȴҪġ

һ, ȻĨӰ
Ȼоϵģҿ˵ӦоС־ΡȦڵһеĴ㣬ֻһƬۣҲӵľ޴ֵ˵οɹۣǼֵǡ
ʹ˺СۣҲҪС

Ȼ
𲻽̾ºмѭ, ѰС쵱., Ǹ̳ǻһᡣ
ԣܾ֮ǰ, Ƭؾ񵽵ó
Ƭ۽˹ҽܿ̽ͳȵֻǲСļ񵽵ġ
ʵںܴ󣬱СϵĴö, ȥʱе㲻á
֮, ʱáĪûټѯ, ֻ仰뿪ˡ
Ϊôת˿, Ҫ뿪, ȴܾЩԡ
عͷʱ, Ψֿռţ紵Ҷ
Ŵ֦ͷ϶µһŻعͷˣ
˵ӹгˣٶᱻ١ˣÿһγܾԼ
֮ǰȼζû쳣ڡȻûκӰȴһֵıӵĸо
û̽⵽Ϊ޸ߡϵͳĻشȫ棬ųԷʹټֶΣߣܱ߻ںϡ
ϵͳ˵ûGPSһļ⣬ܲ׽ͬҰеĻԣͨ΢ģƬҰ
һܣؾ﷢һʱֻһûۿֻ֪Сڲò㿪
ϸΧ졣ϵͳ˵ûκ쳣
Ѳɡйˣ
Ҳܰĵԭ·ˣֱӵͷһգΧܱɽͷ˼Ȧ󣬲ѸٵشӸεɽ·ڡ
У
ңҲ֪·עǰӼߵˣ񾭲һֲǹ
ûôšźڵ׺Ƴ۵󻤷ٴεݳӣζʣһ㡣
·ٴΰһۣ£㻹ɣ˵꣬ӿ첽뿪ӡ
ͽ󻤷Ӱ׷վԭء
ǲɣô˰Ӱ׷Цһһ˫üɰĻ
ѾǲͶҽˡԺϸĨζѰңڴϴǸŮ˵ζǳԣ˵ˡ
ɹ̯λڶ֮࣬ҲԲ֪ĸ磬ζӣڸŮӵǳ㣬ôжˡ
⹷ӣҲûðӰ׷ǻظղ˵ĻԳҡҡͷᳵ·̯λĵط˸Ұλãʹ˶
ڿʼһֱȣֱǸħζŮܰݡ
ħҪ񡭡ҵħħԼɣ

˯е质Ȼѹ
ˡ
һɲڵϢ׾ӵġֲڵ䷨ôһ㱾µġ
质ĸ֪ϢλãԷƺúܣþöһ䲻ڵӺܶ࣬ûһܷ
ˣô׾ӣҲŵΪֲܶ㵽ʱ
质΢΢ͷǡÿȹŮӰ߹ǰȥ
ܿ죬ڰ·ͣ
ղŵ˼̫ˡЩŮвˣתһ룬֪ҲͽΣհˡ
İ취
ϣųд㣬Ϊʲô·ͣ
ղŻȵسιڼϴĳ
ε̾˿߹ȥͳ¼ӹ㷹
²ιҪͰ룬ôӳԵķ֡
С죬Ǹղģ~
䣬ĨɫǰƮݵβ·һʢĻҫ۶Ŀ
ֻһҨͣ˶ȻŴʳģ
ӹг㲻ͣ˼һҪӵ⣺񵽵ľֻһƬԺҪãֻܴӴȡˡ
ǷбҪӴȡһƬۡӵϽһƬۻһƵ鵤ҩĻᣬֵãϽЩ²ȥ֡
Ͼһ˺˴㣬ͼпܴӴʧȥΣʱദĬҲʹϡ
ϴε£Ȼ֤㲻һֻǳԲǴɵ㡣
ڰϰ̾ԣȴ֪˿ģȫ㿴С
ôˣ
质Ʋ⣬ʧһٻͱӣѲⱻ۸ˣ
գߣͼŮע⡣
С졭ָ˵ˮ棬վɴ߸㡣
Ȼ˳ɿҲ磽Լѹˡ
С죬Ҹ˵ɤӣȥС
ֻĪҪΪֹȻھжô¹
ûаһƬ۵˵Сö֪һֱѱղϣ᲻Դװ
ˮ质ǹҽҪĿ⽥Ȼ
Ҫۣ
ΪʲôôüҪۣһƬȥˡ
质룬Ȼ࿪ġ
ϾǸǸͯõġδĵˣ˭⡣
ֻҪ룬ͻ
͵ôչ˵ıꡣ
ȡۡһ᲻á
Ļ质Ƭ̡
̧ͷŮһЦؿе̹Ȼûа١
质ƽɶ𼸷ֲô˵ȷûΪƽ׸˼
㹻ˡ
ˣȥԷɡԴʣµ㷹׽
ɽǰ·ͷȻֱСۡһҪϵʱ˵ɡ
ҴȥıӰã质һЦ
¼䣬Ҫȡþ֮ľףôˣҪ
质ףƳһԼͷƬȻ˾ϡ

䱦鵤ҩԭϡ
ǳ˵һҩȴ֪ĳϲҩϡȱĸԴÿҪĳ˰á
ɴˣ㵮һְҵǱߡ
ǱߣͨͨٵĹϲβŵӣǵﾡѰұ֮ϴһգٰѵıŵɹӶˣ׬ӯ
ǺѱץסΪǱ߳ĹҲóϢ󷨡Ϊߣﶼȥ磬ͨʿԸ֪ǣҲҪЩ
ı£ϡ̶ȡ
ˣǱҲһ࣬ǿС͵졣
ոǱڵģһΪеȣó书ˡ
Сﵹǻ顭¹£źµ˸Цһ˵ҲиеǱȰһѱ꣬ҲԸԸߡ
˲֪ЩС֪ԼǱ߽󣬶𣬻ᱻڶͬǨŭ
Ұ
ǱһԾԵᲱ¡
أûзһ˿
ȫѹ򡭡һƬӣһЩ͹ϱˡǱ߱Цؿڷǣܿǳǳĵɫӫ⡣
һеģ޵ϴǰӣͳŵѭ򽥽ԴΪĿꡣֻһȺͨ˻øˣĿ겻׬ǮҸõطһӰˡ
ѽҿȴ𡣡һݰ飬·ԽƮ
֪Լⷬٶȫһ˫۾עţһ붼û©
һѱǱߵɢӨӨ΢ĳرߣһ̽Ӵǣн硣
Ϊ֪᲻˱ǱҲûҹˮһȥĵط
һ质ƲƳȥ΢˿
ֻҪûŮסȥ
质Ǳˮףڣʱˡ
γˮҹӳɴĺɫΪˮ͸κιâҹﶼܿø
ֻԲ֮УһȼŵĻǣɵ쵽죬ԵɢһɫĹʣɢճһΡ
ټ㣬ͬһ۵Ļ棬ڵˮǱšǱҲɢĹâ
Ǳ߻ʱľһ龰
ڱ̵˲䱦ʹ˴ظȴû뵽оı
δƵǱĿɿڴ㶵ǰ˼ıﾡ¡
ôһԱȣղõ䱦ȫȻʧɫֵһᣡ
ǡ
ǱɢâӵۻɵĻ⣬Խ󣬾ԽǴá
Ŀ۵ĳƽɫĹ⣬ǾƷ˭Ҳš
û뵽Ȼı
Ǳߵߣʼ˼ܰŪȴֲŪҪ֪ﱣԽƣļ۸ҲԽߣƷıôҲʮӺûˣ
˼֮УȴƳǻһĴ㻺Ǳߴϲֱʧȥ˼
ѲɣҲڰ
Ǳ߼õɴ˫ۣ˽մˮֱУȥ

质̰ĳ࣬Цȴǳн
ֱٽԷ֮ʣȻԾˮ档
ϣӾϲתΪֻ֣һ˲
ڵҹعƽֻһ׵ˮһӰӡ

ڶճء
һƬ߰Ķʱʵһ¡
ⶼʲô򱦶Ųˣ˼ʶ
ûȫһĨɫӰӾʹӰ̽ͷ
ʱЦüۣС죿ôôң
ֻáһһɫĶˮеҫ⣬䵽ϡ
ֵȥָⴥʱȻⶫȻ̡
Ǵˮ
ʶָϸϸĦܣֻ˳ʵһϸ塣
ⶫģʱȻԭء
ۡ
ƴСģɫԵ͸ŵۡ
л˵
质



ʮһ 
оһֻůĶ, һֻС˻ΣŻعЦѾ𣿡
ڷͫŮǵؿ, ûлش, һ䣺ôˣ
ûʲô, ͯ΢ҵںͷ˿, ֪æˣǰͿʼ˰ɡ
΢΢һЦôǷס£ʡʱַ㣬ȷȥ
ȥֿͯ, һ𡣡
ͯصͷ, ѡ񡪡ͯ˵ƾ⣬İĵطˡ
Էʱж, ֻֻǸСԸ뿪Ҳ֮С
ǣؿܻࡣҪø, ѧҵʱҲˡ
ͯҡҡͷ, ˵ûϵ, ҲǰŬ
ƺŬֹƾû˵𻹱ͯ, һһд֡
ָָͯķ, Сڿı, ӰܿһС㡣
εҡҡͷô˵ֻҪŮɳһزҪ뿪ƾӣȥΪߵĴߡ
ⲻҲɳѧϰؾġӣڵǳˮԳɡֻںʵĵطܸרĵؼȡһӪ
ȻڴŮɳȵʱ͸·˰ɡ
ʣµĶ̶ڣͯص׸öôʣܸô䷢ŰĻ־Ĺ¡ħʼܣҲʮꡣ
ס֣ͯػǸӰЩ̣ܲ
ȥпµĳ֪ʶı˻Ǳżϣ
ֻҪͯغúѧϰϣܿЩҲûпܡ
ЧӦʹڿʼ
ˣô˿ˣͳһ־õĲ
־һһ鷭ű¶Ķ
峿ع£һƬһĶֳ͸ʵأ£ɢԵһ̽𣬱Ȼʼ䱦軭ıʼҪɸ߹
ƬƷһۣһ
СһĻΪ˲գźԥذƬ
ͨ˹ɶ£Ϊˣжǲܵġ
𡪡ԾԲܰС׸˵Ȼ϶ģ
뵽⣬ʣǼʵʿ죬Ҳ㣬Ƴ¿ζϣĵĻģߣžһȥ
ʱ质ɽʯӰСϤĽŲҲûزһβͣƿӰƽˮ棬˳ε߳ͣİߡ
ˮŮĵӰѾڵòˡ
ϰ߾
质ԽԽΣաŮĴϰΪԺ󡭡ôˣ
ŰŮ˵Ц̣ĵмĥ
һ̣ˮžһ緹ˡ
质ɱŶ˵Ķȴǰһڡ
ţĺúóԡ
ͷһ质ֱӳȵס
ôó԰ɣŮ˫Ц۾ֻӰģ͵ǡлл㡣
ŶԭΪƬۡ
质ȻȻذʣµҲˡȻлҲӦ
û˸˽ԼһƬӲֵǹ룬ҪƾŮԼȡ£ʮּѡ
Եúܻĵ׶ʱһôһ󱦱ϲԣƽ˲Ȥ
Ե㣬С죬㿴ôݡ
质һ٣ˮ濴һԼĵӰ̬Ʋ֣Ҳݡ˵Դ˿ڿʼϺȷڲϳ󣬿Ҳڳֵֻġ
ȳƵ̬Ҳһ࡭ֵȥ
质һԼֶնյ̬ŮһЦʳ˵Ե㣬˲䲻
ģǲǲΪð
质ھħ޵뷹޸ϵѾתͷ˵밶Զλá
ɫĿ˴뾰һλãó׼õǩһ.һ԰
һ׹⻮ǸǩҲݽ롣
ľǩֵһǩһԣɲǼ䣬һԿϸ߱ǩ֮
ˮе质ܵ춯ȴȻڵĳˮиˣ£Ҳһֱ뵽ĵط
ǡ
质Ŀмţ̶̼죬֮Ѿ˵زˡ
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ԴӾѿеûи滮ڽֵͬʱִϷӸĹҵһôĶƾ
ֱӴӽλûģǽ衰
ֻҪƾƷϿ½ģʼ
õǩ򵥵ġֺдģֲõı˼ߡ
ߵˮֵλãˮ̽Ȼһ㿴Ķ赲뿪ˮʧˡ
籾ʵãڷָͬռ䡣ηָָķΧָķ򣬶ͬĽľ
𣬵һطָ֣һССѣһ֣ǼĴʵ
ʣµľ˹ˡ°˼ôץ׳
˵ڵƳһɢǵؿ󣬾ͻһˮߡ
ǰߣֻһ˾ܹ˵ùߣҪһͲ
֮ǰʦʦӦö˰ɡ
ȥƳأһ£ʦã֮ǰԼһ˲Ҳæù𣿡
УȻмϾӰ룬һ˱Լ
ʣûõĳӶ͵ԻܱȽ϶࡭
жࣿǵʡžһ˹Ÿ첲ײһ£ϸʮ߸أ˵أ
ŷԼʴ˻ɱѾˣֻš
룬ɤӣҪĳ򰤸㣬ˮܣػֳС֮󣬹ܵҲҪֱӦÿһӡһСءҲֳܷһٸСذɡ
һһ١ʮ߸һǡ
Ŀɿڴ
ιƳصҪͶιֻԱԼСϺˮݣȻɣȴɳҪʱ̫áֺҪÿͶʳȷֵÿС
ǡͶʳҪͶٰ
࣬ÿСذ𣬿ϰٽɡ
¡
·һͷըӲͷƤ𣿡
СŶΪֻĳԣ;ⷢ⣬Ҫܣ¼״̬Ҳֵ࣬ƻ൹ɣһ˰СʱȻ̫ˡ
ڴʣôɰɣ
ɣɡ³
ǣλʦֿԸæܾãֻеһ±ȽæµŹȥͺˡѾʼĿĸʦֱȽͲ͡
һ˲䣬ӶԼͬߵĳͷ٣һæµصӡ
ʦãǺæǡ˵ĵʮֿŵĨ˰ѲڵĺˮǴˣҲѲ
Ǳˡ˭ЩһǿҲֻ㡣
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˵ͷһ˶Ǹɲɵģ˰æС
ɪɪ֪˭ôùǣףʦЩҵ֣ʦﻹæȲдˡ
˵꣬һͷ
Σתͷȥְ취
ҪˣɣԾֱһĶͷǲˣ
ȫûϵظ𵱼ԭأô
ѵˣƳէСƹܣΪʲôɣһֳ°ͣüʾ
ûˡ
̾ʵ
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š
ˣʵڲУްæɣȻʲôعͷ԰ҲѱޣţȮ˵Ҳڹܳϣ
ǰȥˣǱ˵ָ߼Ķѵ޹ܲˡε˵
ҲǣҪܸ˸ɵ£ֱˣޡ
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˵ɣһ޻
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ҵҵ˴຦¹֣ЫָϾɱͨԶ볾ɽϼңħӣҪץ˹ˡ
ѵջǵԼɣ
صƳأڰ߷ת۾Ϳ㳯˹
С졣һ£ʮ̶ذҪ˰æͺˣһ֪²ꡣ
æ
质˼һ󻤷찡
ħҪʱڣͨͨ󻤷æ󻤷뵽һЩϸϵĶڴٺò
һ뵽ǸΣ质Ǻһϡ
󻤷ܽ质룬ڰ֮ǰҲԸŮţһá
磡
нϣһ׾ŵĴ߸ض·ߣӡ
Īħˡ
ס
л˵


ʮ 
[طǷȷҪ, Һֲס]
һĹգѡڶҪѺͷĹ, ʼͯؽѧ
ڶصġеʮ߳, 붼ۡ
һĶ, һ߸ֿ̾, һ߿ͯͳһʵı
֮еݣڿʼתϿ֮ͯؾ׼ôһӣ˵Ҫ
עһ£Ѿȥķ֮һȫŮݿּ
ԭѾ˵ô໰𡭡
, ô˵ģһ, ʵ
ʵϣǺܵľĹԡԭͯѡרˮ, ΪˮܸõظسȻŮ츳ˣΪʱطɣӴҲˮװ˷츳
[Ҷ˵, ѧκһ]
˿, , ûйڴ
ܿ죬ͯصһ񾭡
[, ʵרˮ]
Ϊʲô
ССŮڰдֵĹģ, ɲǼ, ԺѾת龰ɣʲôŮس֪ʱ֪ˣŮسˣӾú˧ĺˣŮʵڵһ۾سڲŸ˵ˡ
鲻
űʹ飬Ŀͯдһ仰[Ϊһ˹غ࣬רעˮĻܻϺܶæ]
ףԭΪ
ЩݣŮβΪѡģΪ
ҲС
Ц⣬ԲС
[Ϊʲô]һֵͬģͯ۵̵Ĳ⡣
ҪסһУҪΪκ˶ѡ񡣡ŻͼҪΪԼѡҲҪΪԼκ˵ĸӹ
ͯЩί[ֻǶѧһˮĹ]
Ѫ飺ѧϰҪȫ淢չʱѧ㣬Ȼڡ
ͯؿ
ලͯѧϰ˼ȴȻƮ˰￪⡣
յĻһߣͯ˵ȾˣѾﵽڣسʱҪһ
˶ΪͯȻ°빦֪ǧΪйء
Ϊ£粢ʱ򣬳֪Լ޷֮ʣ㽫ԼΪ۰ĺӡ
ЩΪԸ˶ԣǿĽӣ˱ǲͬòأǵõ׵Ψһ;
Ψв俪赲·ľʯӻĵ·
ӵӴΪͬӵһ޴ĴֻҪױ㲻ѡ
⻹ֻȥһ¡
֪ΪΣԤУпܲеĿԽ׼·ʱԽá
뵽⣬ҲסͯԼţǰ˵һء
ȥȡҩʱ仹м죬ڴ֮ǰȱһ
Ҫ¥̿ʼ׬Ǯǰ¥ǹΨһ׬ǮԴͷˣϡжȸߵҪ׼һЩ
һϵͳ¼༰ŵȼϵ֮٣µ򶼱ֳ㵱ʳˡ
ʱ̫̣̫󣬸ô죿
Ȼϵͳ˵ĻһϵͳȨޣؾΪĲֿ⡣
ڶҲֿ𣿡
ûСϵͳĻش˸о¶ȣ漴ֻů˴ѿؾȨޣؾ롮Ԩؾȥ硣
Ǹ͵㣬Ȼ
ɱõġʱ͵һˡ
ĬĬӺ׷ˡԨؾ
ڹȥؾӡԨؾĶϡжƽҪȲؾֵԼʹؾΣնȱȽϸߣҲǵǰĲ֮ѡ
͵ĸоòֻǰһڣٶͻһط
ʵϣǰһƬڰ
ǴԨؾ⣬СŲŲΨֲסʲôĶ
Ȼ
~~~
һ೤èڿտɽԵ÷䣬һ˲Χ᲻׶ޣͳҹ
£һֻڰɫġ̤ѩֻצӺüǰɫ۾һӫɫβ͡
Ьס
èƺֻۣһؿϳһ¡
ôһֻèϿƲı飬ȴʶһ˽š
βͼҲһĨףɷǺÿ
˼Сè䡣̽ؽָݵèıǼ⣬èͷᣬûй˼Ե°͡
ǡһֻèô
èһ̧ܵ°ʾӣ಻̲ס°ʹꡣ
ߣèͬʱ¿˿ûϴĵط
бľʯͣǽڵоʯϷؾڡ
ЩѾ˲ڵϣʳ̶Ⱥ˺γɵ˿ڣǲǰġ
Ȼ뵽ʲôһèצӣȻѩ׵צɫ֭Һ׺ˡ
ٿһȻеè
ڲǶèʱϺ÷ҪкĵطߣȴתһԼһ߳׽ٵ翾㡣
~è˵
Եͷˣè˼èԴԸողȵ񡣡
~èƵڻӦ
Ҫȴһ뿴ֵ顣
ֻͨСèſѪڣԴһԴϸ˽ȥ
è᲻èɣ
뻳ɣҲܰ˰ɣ
ȻеʳûеèǹɵβȦסԼԵֵĿڴؿ
ǡٳһ
~
һһţֻèʮͣצӡ
ԺˣˡҲèöһҪȥץ㣬Ҫټ㣬ûʱˡ
ϣèֱѡеķȥعͷ˼
Ҫ·
棬ֻèᳵ·ӣƹüС·ܿһߡ
óȴоһͷֻèסһߡ
һԣèߵһƨ£ƺ˵ˡ
ǾԿɡ
׽ȥûþͿ˸Ľ⣬澹ϡ֡
ϵͳĲèڿвè
ֻһʱ̵ҪӦèҲһԿ㣬Եζ
ǶƤȻһ˼ûС
Се
ɣʱ䣬ҲˣǸèкˡСè䣬ԼҪСİ
һͷֻèôڵϣĿġ
ʲôҰްɡ
ͫèעıӰʧؾſڣצӡ
һ̣èӰתֵһȽĵŮӡ
~ŮϡҲкħһء
Ů˱ɫèűʯںڰԡ

صƳأѸٰЩֺ࣬ʱͶһصĸС
ʰãЩͿʽסˡ
ʰ˷˼죬ٴγУֵʱ
Ƴջģʽ²һһһ硣ÿһʱ䣬ͻһ죬ؽ̣Ϊڳռ䡣
ΪƳغܴҲ࣬ʱھͱú̡ܶ
ӣֿϤӰ
ʦܣôˡЩЦãʹ֪⣬Ҳǵһ䡣
سǺ̹Ȼʦ㡣
˵գԼóһʦ㲻ز˼Լŵ£ܷԸǡ
Ѿ֪˵ʲôãͯغ񿴳Ϊѣֱܵسǰȥס
سƢͯʦãһá
ͯ˵ҲûֽͱʡץҲڲд֡
ǣŮֻüس·Ҫ˲
ȻسһˣֻǵͯصĿ⣬˵ʦҪ˰æһֱңʦֻࡣ
ͯһ£ʶɿ֡
سµĳȥˡ
һĻҡҡͷŮĻǲ̫
ȴû룬ͯصŵŵܵǰдҪҲģ
˵꣬Ҳȥ
еʱһһƴӡ
Ǿû
ȻԭŮһ𡭡
ˡ
ɡѵǸģ
л˵
质Ҿÿ



ʮ 
Ůĸ, ˾ŸɻȾǳ죬û죬ʮ̶سڵ㶼ɹջ, װҡ
˵ĽȻԶԶֹڴˣæ˳, ҪҪæµѡ
ֻسϸĵط˵һذڷ, ԴƲҪĹ
;, سһָ
ɻʱҲǡͯ׽ʳʫ壬һνӴ棬Ҫ죬سһָɵġ
ͯҲ֣ѧϰһǧ, ɻҲڻ¡ĳ͹, ַӾüɸ㶨
ֶҡҪ˷򹤵Լ
ֱǴеĶ˲ţ˷˰ô, еľ˵㣡ȱ˵ĵڣô˵Чʣ
дһ, ֪δ·ƽ̹Զֲġڳȫջ, æ, ԼԼѵ֡
ȻҲв˷ϵͳܵĹϵ
ԴϵͳȪһ󲨾, Ϳһ¹ܡвϸµķּͳơ鹦, ͷ۵ĹøӼ, Ǵ湦ܣʵԱȽҿռѡ
ˮڽֻϣʱ̣ϵͳûһֱִ̳״̬õı˽ߡ
ֹΪʲôһʼͳ߹·Ϊʻ״̬УһһΣ㶼
Ϊ˼ǣҲû˷ѣֱɺóԵϣͨͨӸСˡ
ϵͳɴֵϸԽߣŵȨҲԽࡣϵͳ˵øԻӱĹܣ
ÿɷ
ֹֻǴҪģҪҪǸΣԤ
ʼʱϵͳ˵ô࣬ӡľֻΣһ⣬ΪȨޣκظš
ΣԤʲôʱУ𣿡
Ҫ̽ϵͳĻشģɡ
ҭԶԣϷ׷ʡ
ϵͳӦòѣϷ˽⣬Խߣ辭ҲԽࡣΨһƣϵͳûн΢С
ּõľ裬ת˵һء
⼸Ϊ̫æÿζֻʳܣСС´棬˿Уúúһ¸顣
Űһ·ߣδͷһͷ׶ǵ̺ӾʹԾֱֱ
󾪣æܿӵҹԼյιԷԼҹĲ£Сչ׿ֱ˹Ҳѹۡ
~СίؽһҲûٲһϸβʹϣ˺üȦ
СڣɿקŲϵβͺǳ⣬ȥҪֲͬ
࣡СطƿһɵڵλãԶԶغȥ
СˮתĿɰģ̲סһЦһ룬ȵһĻˡ
ֻһ޴ˮˮ潦ǡôСϣСӶһ£һë̺һ㡣
ôһ£Сʱ乭ȣʱĹ߳֡ϿȦβһҪˮ塣
ţǡۡ˶ˮӳüʵʵش
СһƬ׹ȥ漴һڿпʼ衣
Ѿ֪˭ˮˡ
ǷˮתһοܣС컹ƵǸ
뵽СǰܱСڴˮ沦龰𲻽Цһ¡
ͷϷСڻĹУǼˮһһн࣬ÿ׼شСϡ
ȻһٱСڲû£ǼƣֱҪˮԷʹ졪ȴֺСûֱȥϸβò
ȻÿζСȼòС죬͹ˡ
òСȥСɸʮ
ԶԶأ𿴼ˮƯһĨĺɫˮ£Ĩɫ൱Ƴѣİ߰ߵ㡣
ˡ
ͷһû뵽̬ôء
СѾѪˣ
æǰȥһ¶ͷűˮ

ȻĨ˰
ˣˮ治ѪӳˮŨɫʡ
ĴƯˣ峺ˮ潫ɫĵøӹʹҲᱻˮû
ǡСô
С죿̽ػһȻˮĨɫʼˣˮƽʯȻ飬͸βһǣ̶浹˸¶Դ
۾·ʽʲô
ͷĿӴͷһֱ˳βͼ⣬Ԥϵľס
֪ʱѾôˡ
ڵС죬˶⡣
ľת˲ţҲǣС˿ڿʼָԷ߲Ժ;ǵ÷ɿ졣
ܳԣ˯ΧҲٲͲòˡ
ʱ˿̣质ĵҲڷֹ
ǽ˵ѲΪƬˣ
뵽⣬质ü´εõ
ʵϣǱǰļˣ
ƺܺӡ
һֱѱСڣҲСڡеĿηǳʺϳ볢һ¶
ˣֱӰѳȹᵽϥǣһȹڴ˸ְ֮ĳҲקϥѵЬ
С죬
˹֣ڴ
质ֻһֱۣӱܿߡ
ϵŮôϸ޳СȺ˫㣬׵ûۡ
֪Էʲôֻûɻǰߡ
һֻˮ质ƳһĨɫϿžǺһ
ֱԭء
ֱһ˫ָļ质ʲô
ɴɫȹ͸ĳˮƯЮߣͬʱҲЮ˼
ǡ
质ͷ˲Ŀհף֪ζֻԭزظˮ档
紵ߣҶڣˮҲŴһƮݵǿкֱΪʧȥꡣ
С죿ôˣһ¡
ᰴͷ˳˻Ӧˮƽǰ˼硣
ԴϺ⣬ûѪҺ̵״̬£㻹ȵؽסû³Ҳûз˵ǰ;ĺ㡣
ʱ质ع˼ǣϴȣȴΪκһŮƷȥ
ǣͬһľżֻҽӲǰһξ롣
ܿ죬质ΪԼǷӦˡŮڰƬӣζӦҲһ
һȻζһΣź֪Ůôϣû˿ߵĲ졭
质˿ϰŪˡ
ɾ׼ظȥʱһ̵üġ
һѪ
质Ȼϵȥ
ֻԷа׵ָⲻ֪ʱһӣȻŪƵġ
ţмȵҺ䡣
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质ɫ𽥱ûް
ħ磬ѪˣΪѪ
Ѫֻ˫ƽȵĹϵ½
ӲҪָߵͣҲǽѪһΪһıӻߣѪˣΪ֤ԼĲġ
ͻȻѪΪʲô
˼ĹѪ质ü˽ȥ
质ѪΪԪŮӴ޹ϸ𡣿ðΣǽѪ
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ֻҪԷӽ֮ǣΡ
̶ֳȵġħѪκ˾һ᲻ڸŮҲаɡ
֪´ʲô뷨ֻţǸøСһѪҺˡ
Ϊ˼ã֮ǰһֱûϵͳܣǲôڣѪҺϵͳµáһʹĹܣ˶Ѫıá
ʶʱûʲôԼܹˡ
׵罵ٵһأǾҪճ̡
ȥַ߼Լˮƽܹõģʹ˶ϵϵͳҲôһƵá
Ž죬ûָѪεСϡ
ٶ֮ǰʵ˵Ҳܽš
ϵͳʾѪҺܷɹҪ־ʵʱ򻹻ܻӰ죬ۺϿӦ
ԣӵоϡжͨԵС죬˵ԸʹȻҲ׼ʵڲУܼʶһѪҺ̱ܾʲô
ҺãСѪ

һֱǹŵˣ㲻̰ˮСߣϰšȹӡ
һ¡ʱ䣬ҽµֹȥ˼죬ǸðѸŮҩûˡ
ůУõƾߣ˼ʲôʱɽȥ
质עıӰֱʧֽղѪ£ǰ
Ϊʲôѵ֪޵֮˵Ѫ׽κô
͸ѪӳԼδĶĿ⡣
л˵
质ʺ̫Ҫ
𣺰СҪ



ʮ 
еһ, ¥ûȥһˣֱȥ˹ҽҽݡ
ʱ˸߸߹ŵġȫ¥͡޶Եĵꡱҡ
ʱȡʱ, һͦεġ
ŵʮ̹Ȼ, һ䡰, 㾶ֱŽȥˡ
ζֻһ, ̱ǣȴЩϤǵ硣
ĪҽʦٴԾعţһΣĪǰԭеƿƿ޹޶ʧˣֻʣһʺĴƿ, Ϊ졣
ȫΨ۾¶һľƵ, һҽҩϣҩ, Ϳˡ
ȡҩƿ˵࣬ᣬֻ˻, ֻоһҩ衣
һž㹻ˣҩֶ, ΪǺóԵô·뷨, Īֱ˵
ЦЦδ𻰡
ĪȻûϵĻû˻Ӧ, һ, ֱغҽ, ι󣬾ͲҪˡ
һ£Ϊʲô̫ŹôһܵҽʦҩյĪҽʦٵ괺գʱҼҵĽֻ˵ȽĻһЩ
˶٣ѣӦҲܷա
˵ѣĪ˼ֲܿ죬һ㲨Ҳ޺ۼ
͵ʱ˺Ȼ˵һ䣺ҽݣ޷ˡ
Ϊʲ
תĺܿ죬һΪʲôû͵ó˹ҽҪ뿪ԭ
ûҽ=ҽǹеĵ=еĵҪǮ=ûǮⷿˡ
ֲáĹᡣ
ЩЦ֪ĪֵʲôãΨһ㣺Ǯ
磬ܵĸߣƤ
ԭŮĪһһڣŪǮͯİ취
ܺãˣĪ뿪УΪԺҩҲ˳ֹͯ
ܲܳɹֹǿֻΪˡ
뵽⣬ʮĪҽʦҽ߳ҼݣҾôŶ뿪УӴ˾޶ʵڹⲻȥˣһرĻᡭ
㵱Σ
Ըö˼⿪ҽݡǿ˵ʵЩЦµĹҽûǮ˭š
Īڲںڲµһһ죬ȴΪʵ÷սεİֱ֣ģҲҪġ
˵⣬һƺ˵ֻ˵ǼѣʲôҪģҲԡ㡣
һǮѵӢۺǼʶˡ
⣬ԷڲǮʱ̬ȼקڱʱ
иæҪ
ȷһæ߽ĪʣĪҽʦǷܽҩζôҩֻϣǷҲһЧ
ĪţȻ
һζһʱ󣬾;øˡ

ҡȫ¥֮һֱڿǸôϡ԰ϺǺã̫أ˳¥Ͼڵģһ飬ױܰо
ȻûôС
£ҪδȻǰԤϣֱôĹҽ񲻸ã
װ֮ί˵˳Ī˼Ƭ̣ס
ԣ̧ۣǺܾȾȻô򵥵Ҫ󣬡룬һΪһֳ˾Ҳ벻˵ϡ
Ͳˣ
æֹĪΣյ뷨΢ЦһУҪʵڵζסˡ
˵ĪҽʦԸ⣬ƸζϣȻҲ١
ʲôҽʦӰɣҽʦûǮ;
ĪһԽƩʲôʱ߾ʲôʱߣûΥԼ𣬸߳Ͱ֧Ҫǣ
Ī˼һմӦ
͵ؿܺãӽҼҵϴˣ
Ů˼磬ʱʱûǮľȣŮ׷ߴȵǸ㣿
ԭĪһòӦģֵҲһĵ͡ȫöϣôҲвġ
֮¥ºĪǣ˸ߣ¼֤ǩԼٰĪ˸⣬ֱˡ
һ⣬˵ǲܵġ
Ų࣬·ȥȫ¥κˡ
ȴû룬һתǣͱһֻ
λ
Ų͵һ٣λͻȻ·ˡ
ڹнˡԤУ߲ơ
̧ͷ̧ͷ̧ͷ˺ʹӲôۡ
ۣñһЩñ¶΢Ļɫͷ޺ЦݡȫݺȻֶԷе졣
ⲻǡǸ˫ݲݵ̯
£
Ӱ׷ûϵôֱӣһƢܲӣʶҡβʾơϣʶﲻħ磬͵Ϳһװ·
ɵƳ˸ղžҶӡ
ʵͻ롭Ӱ׷˼ת÷ɿ졣ܲ˵ħģλﲢ֪ħߣǴݾߣһħԼļƻ
˶񣬡ϴε˫ݲõΣǷЧ
˫ݲݡԺм̸ֳԼСҩʱŤı֣ɵЦ
ǹɻҪһЩӰ׷ЦλٱһЩ
ٱˣ
ţ֮ǰʯļ۸ѾǳˣôҪͼ
һ˲䣬ڳ˴֡
ˣ侲ؾܾЩҩȫãòˡ
òˡӰ׷˼ʹ˫ݲħãô˼ħѾˣ
Ӱ׷ע𣬵ȷһͺòԵħϵζѲɡǰƲǶԵģ
ħ𲢲ǵɫӣȻҲôòħѶȫƸ
˸Գ˼ưһҪˡ
תҪߣȴһס
ؿǰߴˣȴûдϣֻЦţ㾿ʲô£ѣ˵ܰ
ҡæӰ׷ºͣɲǼʮɣմѡ׵Ǹ̸һ⡣
⡭
תӰ׷Ҳ˵ɿ֣ǸЦЦ
̸⣬ȥ̸̸ʲô
ﲻ¥ıϰ𣿡
Ȼһšüͷˡ
ô֪ģӰ׷·ĵģЦЦֻÿζ¥Ҳȥ
ܲ˵ǹųġټһУֻ¥ζΪŨأǹ̨˵ζһ±Ȼ
𲻺Ļʣʲô⣿
Ӱ׷ûֱ˵Եɣ¶һĨЦǰǵһ֮ˣǮƣһСټأͽǶ졣޿ûʲôԱı£ȥ
һ£ͿҪ䵽ֵĵزˡ
ħ𲻻֪ôŵģֻüƶѡ
ȴϣûԤͬĿ⣬´
Ӱ׷Ծؽһ塣
塭һ׬ǮӰ׷ôһͻȻ²ǻпڵ
Ӱ׷һ£Ӧܿñ鿴ȥдǺӣŮˣһ׳òǰ档
峤Ȼ뵽Ů˶峤ģҲ峤ģֻǴ
Ӱ׷齩һ£ڱ֮ǰ˿Цǡ
Ҳ뿴«ﵽʲôҩͷǱ̸ɣȥ̸
Ӱ׷ü䣬չ¿˼Ҿ¥ȥǰɡ
ͷһ˼Ĳ룬ǡ
ȫ¥Ҿ¥ֺ֣涫ζ
վھ¥ǰ̾תתԼҷˡ
һţӭϢ˴ѣȥͷܶޱȣü
ãλ´ĵСˡ
ЩЦ̨ԱߵһҲˣǵġΪòϣڿʳΪ죬Ҳһ
Ӱ׷˵Ҫ䡣
Եͷ䶼ڶ¥ΪСаΪ̸׼ĸ䣬Чá
ӴС̾һλá
ʱ¥롣ƹӹ̨߳һͷ
е£Լҵϰ塣
֮һԼжΪʼղˡ
Ǹƹ¥žǵˡ
Ӱ׷ָһͰѲ˵ݸ𡪡ĿıͲǳԷ
úÿ˿˵⣺ܺãǰġ
֮˾Ͷϲˡ
˵˵̸ʲô⣿żɽ
Ӱ׷˼һ£ҩڶ࣬ȴֻڹһСС̯λܴ¥ҴԸһĳͷָ㡣
ˣһ壿
ɵؿǰˣʲôйֻܶ
ȫһҪҪˣ
ûָǵͷˡмɣ̸ⶼпǼٵģ׷
ǾͰ˵İɡ
ֱվ𣬡һе£ˡ
Ӱ׷ԭأ𼴽Ŷʱȵȣʲô
عͷӭײһֻԼϷɵĴӣһķɣüͳ־ɾķĩ
¥ɨòǺܸɾ𻷹һȦǵӰ׷ЦЦٷ㡣
Ӱ׷ĿӰԶȥЩ˼顣
ļƻŮӦúµشһͿ˳ٱˡ
ڡ
ҲûʲôּʱųһֻԸŮȥ
һˡ
Ӱ׷̨ϣһֻڵװ׻èţ˿
ãèڵҪħ֪ô˵
Ӱ׷ͷ۵Դħ𲻻֪ġ
£ɫͫ΢ݣֻҪ㲻˵
ǡ

ۼͯسǿŵҩһԹһʱ
һʱʧطͯػû˵ļ
ѵĪǼٻǡŮ뿿Լָܻ
[Ҫҡ]ͯд[֪ΪҺã̫࣬һѹ]
ͯصԴȴһץסţһཿһ˿δ˵ɵɳơ
㡭ͷŪҵġ
һڣ˽ס
ŮָǴ¡ֱɽȥתһ⣬Щʦڽѧķǡ
ڶѯʣͯҲϵ˵Ȼ˵ˡڲǿŵҩ
¿˵һʱ仹ЩӦͯغǿģ˵ûꡣ
ԭǽŮԴʧͶԼǿҲֻ˵ǿЦ£ڽҿ۵ǲҲΪֿЦˡ
㡣һرߣͯʱѧϰʱ˵һ飬ڸҲͣ¡
㲻ڿʰֹͯ˵ȥ
ʣҶˡͯһ˫۾
ǣʲô
ʳõĲʳʳʳõؽУͯҲˣԿ㣡
⻰ԭЩ质ʱ˾ðһͷϵˡ
㣿˵ͷǸèƾӳԵĻˣ
ٺ١ͯ͵͵ŴյߣͻȻСӣ㣬ʵҵѡΪ
质Ϣ
ʱˣϵĿζ㣡
𣺡
质

ڡ
ٱɵӰ׷ϣ˼³򣬶ΪһƾӨķ̡
ǹڵˡӰ׷
ڣԱòĵŮ΢΢ͷï纣ĺɫӼϻ䣬ħôȥҴ˰ɡ
ǲڵ˲ֻ֪֪ڵĵطӰ׷һȥ
ңƾʲôѽŮԼĳɤñԹҲһ˭֪ɽŴħҪȥֻᱻס˵òᡣ
ٹգԪʱڣڵɽŴͻرաӰ׷Զ·Ȼ˰գΨһصɽŴһ졭ʱǽȥ鿴ĺʱ
عͷȥȥȥ
ŮգգɫͫЦֽ𣺡Ҳãħýˡ
ӡѩӰ׷ȥҵħɲҪپèо
Ů𴽽ǣһ棬ôᣬֻǾħζţҡ
Ӱ׷üͷ塣
֮ǰҲϵĶɱħϺŶ~ӡѩָ⣬¶ֻζı飬ܰħҶԸٿħһۡ
Ӱ׷ûӡѩٳһЩԭκܲ۵ޣ
ڲħٹ飡
л˵
1.ѧҽȲġ
2.룬ʱŮȷʵ꿾ȥġ
3.󻤷ħ֪ô˵ҰɣQAQ



ʮ 
Ԫ, ɷ֣һӿ֮أ˼.塣
, ̫ɽԺ, ʱ֮ǰ, ŵ϶ʧȥЧ, ʿҲٵӰ졣·һԵؽ֮бΪĻᡣ
ǣÿգڶᶯԱȫӣһµѲߺ޸
ѲѲÿһɽ壬ÿһ·, ÿһ䣻޸, ޸ÿһҵվһڵ󷨡
ȥѲأȥ޸󷨣ӵƷ֪ͨѡڸͯء
һ𡣡ͯץס½, СȥģҾȥġ
ŮϰԵĶʮΣȥ޸ѧܶණ, һһεĻᡣ
ͯûС֣㶼ô, ʦ, ȥ
Ҳһȥͺˡͯڵ¶һ˿Ρ
ҡֱʱᵽɣĸо, ˵һĻô, ûʲôԶ־, Ҳѳɶ֡ӲһܽĵطúܣŬǡ
Ȼô˵ˣûȰͯأֻýϱͳƵĵӣȰһȥѲɽ
ѲɽʼȥһȦ￴ͯص
Ҳȥ
ͯغ鱾վȴֹճ̫æƾӴžǡ
˵ţһһߵҼķС
ǺðɡͯһĻգգۣԹ˻ȥ
ܿ죬Ʒɽš̫ɽ֮ǰҪ¶Ѳʮ̶أûвĶ
һڡ
һ˫۾ˮƮɷ
ڶɷԵڽչŴ󿪣֮εǹڹ߳ۻ
ֻҪϸ۲죬ܷЩɷԱĶ赲ţʹٳײ̽Ҳ޷
⿴ĶԶɽŴ
һǣȻħᷴɵ󷨡
ֻҪٹʱͽͬѣʧӰˡ
质򵥵ĻеֺЦ޷ϣʱ뿪ˡ
ɵ˼ȬξҲվס˽ţûκȥ
ˣӦտӦδͽԼס
С죡
Ϥͷ质ͷŮЦաԪڣ̫ɽʱ̣ڵ󷨶ʧȥЧŮվڰߣ˵֪飬ʱΣգпܱаħ֣Ƴسˣ㵽ʱҪǵòˮףǧҪ
ֻʧˡ
质ĵаħֻ֣ףȻҲνġаħ
֮󣬾Ͳ֪ʱˡ
质ؿһۣ·ҪӰ۵ס
֮ŮҲҲһ֣
ĴˮɢζУֻˣԻӦ
ˮһҨʳһͣسƷ嶥ȥ
쵽ϵʱˡ
ڣ质ʳ£вӿֳ˿ӵ
Ȼصħ磬žͳԲ˰ɡ
սԵȻЩᡣ
Ǳ㣬ٳһڰɡ


Ϧ£ɽӰĵԶȥ¶ҲȻˡ
Ʒ嶥һյʩĵ·ɽȥ
Ĺ滮˹ܸ£ƷӱֻѲƷڸɡͯأţҲƷĶˡ
Ѳɽһ飬и·ߣͬһʱ以صÿһ·ֻѲһΣһ֧ո߹һյ󣬱ӭڶ֧顣
ҲΪ˷ֹа롣
ܵļƻӸߴȥŵĸөɽҰʮһɽͬǹƵ£
Ϊɴʦģֻˡʣµͯء
һģʱѾȫ
߹ʱ·֣ԸоϢƽղ̫һɭ졣
һ·оգأǱ΢
𻷹ܣһβѲɽ꣬ÿһԪڶֻ֪ͨǿѲӣûд˼ȴ
Ƴعʮ֮߳࣬ʦ㶼Թ˲ϾҪѲɽ
Ʒ·ϣɻ
Ȼº͵ȴЩ࣬˵ɷΪأǰиԣеӶҪС
ԭˡ̶ЦܲһѲɽҲǷǳѵõľˡ
ЦЦְĿ⳯ߵͯأˣͯʦ
ûؽһ£Ҳͯء
ͯʦ֣˵ĽҲ⣬˼صɽΪá˶٣Ҳʦҵġ
˿ͬʱҲ
Ʒ岻ǰķ壬ҩǸܣ壬ȻҲ˶ԷҪҪͯһֱ⣬ǿ˷츳
ǰͯصԼסƾӡҲǰԮʱһַʽɡ
ľϣҲЩ
ͯǿ϶Ӧġ
Ҫ
Ȼ䣬ͯؾͻشˡ
Ůץס䣬ֻһ𡣡
Цˡ
۲һ£ɫǹ߳ºͣûΪͯؾͱֵرᡣ
ͯʦõ뷨ʮֻͣںɽԸ֤Щʦá
ͯԥˡ
ֻףǲõ룬ʦ˵õȷܶԣֻҪܸرǿǿͿˡ
յҲȴأʦ˵úܶԣֻҪﵽû
ŮŮʼɳĵһ
οƳѸƳбҲܲ㡣ͯض뿪Ʒ塣
ǡ롣ͯس׶ҡ
ӣӶԷп͡
ѲɽʱһȦһȦѲ飬𲻽Щ
ͻȻס˽Ųɫ¡
Ǳжȥ
˵գû˷ӦӰʧˡ
뿪ķλȥΣֻһƬڰ
Ͳ㣡
ҿ˭㱻ֵģ
죡ҪǱˣҶԲ˶ߡ

ĹУһһȻһʿǰ߹
ʿϢڸˣǲŷ׷׷
ޣ󻤷Ƶޡ
޵ģҪҳϣְ
Ѿˣ󻤷һ˵Ҫô
һþã׼ʱ㵽εĵط
Դ̫ɽʼѾѰ˽ʱ
ôʮһ壬ǴͷҵͷûзħӰ
ֻʣһˣҪûУ󻤷˼Ӧܻȥ˰ɣӼҪ޳СǸߣܻܣԱ
϶Сݺݵ˵󻤷һǲˣᡭ
ȣͷ乵ؽϡ
죡ѻ죡˵
ѾҪιȥˡ
ʣƷ塣䣬Ե÷죬߰ա
ĸӰʹɢ
ͬʱ󻤷һɽš
ǻһۣ۵ԭΣԱԷͷɽȥˡ
Ʒϣͯش磬ûʵЩܲˡ
أƾӰɡ
ͯ۾㡭
ʱ䣬ɽŴָֻʣʱɽĵƹҲʼ½½ˡ
ûϵ߰ɡ

ʱһ̣Ϊҹ˾ʱ
ɽŴ󼴽ָԭ״뿪ʱˡ
ؼžɫˮӳ£ԱӰ쪣
ˮ룬һĨŨĳɢŵԣһ¶ͷ֪δ̶ȥβҲ¶ˮ棬һƬ
ãˮٴθֳݣѾûӰ
ٴγֵģˡ
еӰͬǳɫԷɫĳˮ¶͵Ĺȴ뿪ˮһ˲ûʪۡˮ·ʶһԾ£ͬ׹顣
ˡ
׵ӳˮɢڸסĨɫӰϵİΧҲ£أذҲ¶޳
һȥʮˡ
¹ϣҲƻûһεɫԣһϵص°ڣһڿŵĳĩȴǰ͸ģ˸ղβ
Ƭ̹վ˰ϣһ۲Եˮ棬¶һĨЦ
ڡ
л˵


ʮ 
ʱ˿, ɽŴвʮӡ
ͯͻƾӺƷɽ·۷ȥ, õ, ûгӰ
˵ȥˡ
Ԥв, ʦһ, ôöûһԽ¡
˼ȥ˻Ǿʹ˻ȥʱȻһҰݵ, ƱøڸŨ
, ɽĵѾʼԭ·أֻʣǼפڸҪλáǷһЩʵĵӣפĹͷ
Խ, Խгߣи
ԭؾȴƬ̣𽥼ٵϢ΢һЩ
ɼʹ, ǷĲ£ȥƳתһȦ
Ʒʮһ֮, һλ֮, Ͻӽϣ¹ͨ⺣, ôױֵλá
ο, ﻹĴ㡣

һٴζ˵׷, һ㼯
ʿݺݵ˵
磬䲻ɱ֮ɭɭ˵
죡ǹһ𣿡䵽£ſһһӡ
ѾҪˣô׷ǲţڶʱûκټ
ԶѰŷ·𵽴ڵħ
ϵϢ˼һ£ܿó𰸡ħǣմŨصħʱ޷Ȼױ߾ʿ
Ǹô죿Ŀ¶ɻ
죡ͿҪˣ˿뱻𣿡
ɪɪ
ھħ絽ڵĳ;棬ϵħ̫ˣҹɷһ𣬷޵ļ
һ˿ʱһȫըë
һȺ
عͷ󻤷Ӱ׷֪
ӵ亹󻤷ǵˣѾòˡ
Ӱ׷ˡ
ӵؽһ͵͵һۡ󻤷ԭΣζŽҹĶһҪѹСݾߣǶúѿ
ҷų˳ΪڻǿԼȥˡӰ׷ԶӰɫ۾ӳϰ¹⣬һ΢ëƮ
عͷ泯һãһòڵĹҲ˵
ࡢòڵĹЩͣڣֹ
еä
ǸﲻһӰ׷룬Ҳ֪ʲôݣǼ֪ˡ
áõġӲҷϸϸӦ¡
ԡǻڵʲô
Ӱ׷һʣһðȾܣûްӰС
Ҳ֪ܲҵħ𡭡
Ӱ׷˼ȷڲħϢȴ֪ħ𾿾޿κδмƻ
ǰߣа취ħ뿪Ǻߡ
Ƥе㷢
Ըҵɡ
Ӱ׷ŬŲ׷ѡ
һӰʧԭء

ɽŴֻʣʮӡ
ŵ·ڵĵһء
ܼףѲɽƷӴ󲿷Ѿ½½صס·Ҳбĵˡ
գоա
ͷһͻȻƳһŻɫҰдڹٶ֮죬԰Ҳʰ·硣
ʲô
һ˲ľ֮Ǿ衪ԴһǧΪҲϴʣĸ֪ͱȴǰǿ̫ࡣˣȷոŻɫһɲԾϢ
˲ǣɫӴܵķǵһڵķλ
Ϣ񣬺ܿǹϢԴͷ첽ȥ
һѾѲ鵽˵һأȴûϵڵˡ
ô죿׶
֪ɱɭȴǵӰ׷ķԸ
죡ֻ˵ǻ벻ע𣿡ߡ
죬ѾͶԾˡԱһôĳӡ
žҹһ˺һȺ
ȻúԶǿˣֻ󻨶һֻɫĴӡ
˳㣬Ҳǵ
ӡ˵
ıޱȾ졣
Ȼ֪磬￪˵»ǵһμʵۡ
ȵȣǲǾ󻤷˵ˣѹ
һý¹ϸûǰŮɽŮ˶ҪҪʲô⣬űȾ鶴еһҪ֡
иΪͻģСơ
޶ʵһУǲõԷϢҲƲԷΪ˺ֵز
ҾáѾʼǲռϷ硣
䣬ֻͬʱǰһĳ򣬺Ҫһ쫷硣
ǿľĶ죬ǲš
Ҳǰһ
ֻԭأ׺ݵĿⶢˣΨֲԼ
ͬʱһ˫۾ߵ
质ѷ˴ǣȴ뿪ڵļƻò
Σüͷ²á
Щôˣڻʱǣⴳ룿
质Ŀӹܿϡ
£ĵģŮܲܶԸЩޡ
ޣܿ죬Ů˵ˡ
Ȼô֪ޣ
Σֱӳϡ
˵ˣ˵춼û˵ˣǾֱӳˣ
һʶЩ졣
̫ˡ
质üͷֽ˼֣ǳħԸħޡ
ԭް
Ůĵҹ紫ߣ质һʱĪŵӼעع۲Ǳߵ
ܺá
¶һĨ΢ЦйâþˣҵǶʱˡ
鳬质ԤϣӦʱŮѾסֻĲӣһֻӵĶ䣬ջˡ
һ÷ԼʱǻԺ룺ѵħģǾ仰ÿ£ħҪħ
ԺӡЦӯӯ˵Ļ·պ壺ȻڣͲҪģúɡ
ʲô
첻ڳ򣺡ǣȻڵģ
˻ɿ

ӣѾȫˣ崹ڵϣΪԼĶһ˿ѹ
˶Լ죬鱯ߵԸӡ
ȷʵȷʵ󻤷˵ģһ
ǣ󻤷˵ĲһȻ𣿰
Ŀ֪ˣҸڸȥչء
̧ͷһĻֻпºڷʱ
ɫڰַ
һߣ质ɫӵؿһӣһķֽ
ץޡʲô
á
ȷţô⣬һиͷ
ǣ⽫Ӱڵ۵λãﵽ
ʱһɫӰˡ
Ķ컹мֹųʾ󻤷Ͻ뿪ǣǵĲӱ־סȫ
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Ӱ׷ֻԥһ˲ּӿ
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Ӱ׷̧ۣȻסľȻһһųӵģڹмǸ
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Ӱ׷ĬĬؿԼĳһۣС
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ٲѾûˣӰ׷뱻ϳѹΡ
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ɫЩ죬ûϵ󻤷ҲԵʡ
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质ۣȻıˣħʱܻأֿɲһ
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ڶһ, ͯرɽĵӴˡ
ʱŮᣬ֤Լһӽѧҵ, ѧɹ
Щѡ
Цػ˻, ĿͯشӴһ·, תͷͳ׷
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ȥĹǣŶ, δԱ
߳ƾ, ԽѡȻļ嶥ĿЩ䣬ӲŴƬ¶顣
ǼӦòᶳɡ
𵹲Ǽ޻, ̽ˣһöǽֻͣŴڼʵǿиɣֻӵСҪ, Ȼܵúܿ죬ȴܲˡ
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Ӧǵͷ, ܴ, ܡ
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𴧺üȦ, ּһ½Ķûдȫ, 
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߽ƳһۣĲݺôƽûƶĺۼ⼸޺ʵԹš
񴲣ˣô
һã˶ڳͶС
֪ˣ޷ƤݹȻǸǵġ
̿񴲷¶һĳëȮ
ȮؿһۣԴſǰϣö
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Ե˵ͷְǸӷеģֻһŵĴ죬Լһſŵĺɫӡ
⼸ƺûӦ׷ŲӿβһҪļơ
ϿһۣǸɸɾֻ˵޲ޣͨþǲһ
⣬ֻȳǣȻŲӿûܵ˼
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ȵ˻Ȯû֣ЦЦϣ⡭ҲΪ˷ֹ
Ӱ׷ȦΣӡ
Ȧһ˲䣬оʲôܵĶĵһС
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Ӱ׷ҲزȦһ䷨ѹΪ
Ʃ֮ȻܸܵΪȴ֪ܲʩչһ
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֣ÿ޵ĲӡܺãϣȮǼ޵ģҲǴͷġֻһֻԴӻȮ֮һֱֵ˰Ͱ͵ģȮڿ쵼
ֻҪúūۻȮָʹ⼸ֻˡ
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ţЦӯӯΪǽȦãΧҪǷʲô⡭Ͳܱ֤ˡ
ʩµ䷨Ҳǽһ;
ֻʮ߳ظ˵壬ȥ԰ĻᶼûС
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ס𣿡乵ʡ
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죡һһ£Ϊﻹ˵ķ𣿡
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ҹŬһҹҪƳ磬û뵽ԷڽϵԶԤ룬ô˿
⵽ףһ֡
ȻԶֹĹ͡
质۹ŰϵһУҲӰ׷ȦĶ
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鷢չһû뵽󻤷Ľڡ
质Щ꣬ټĳоȦһ˿ˮ
뿪ڵļƻʱˡ̲ס˼ԷڵʵĿľʲôǰƶ󻤷ĴѰң󻤷һܴܿϸ΢﷢ټڡ
ڸô죿Ŀ⳯Ӱ׷󻤷ˣǾץ𣿡
԰ꡣӰ׷ʲô˳ӣ֮㡣
˶٣УҪǰ󻤷
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Ӷ˶䣬Ǿ䡰СӰС׷ȥˡ
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ЦеذıҸϣÿռҷƳģȵҵĽҸ
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ҹܵȱ֣ͬҲʵû˰æֻѰԮüͷ΢һܷյӣȷʵЩͻǲõģֻҪɵúãһǷıꡣ
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˵
һ۵ĹڶǰһöȻһѱƵĲ˵
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һô˸£Ӽ
Ӱ׷ɫأŮųֵĺϾܿԷʲôû򶷾ͨӣ൱ôٶһϢ˵һó
˿߶һŵһãҪΥĻԼӳȥֻ⼸϶Ҫвˡ
취ɡ
뵽⣬Ӱ׷ɤʣͲǱ˷֣
ɹ߶࣬һޣ֣Ҳùա
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Ǳ˷֣һᱻƣ
ЩʿħĻ
Ӱ׷̴˰ٱܣҲΪħ鷳
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һͬʱһ̶ͣصͷ͡
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л˵
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󻤷ΪҵħнQAQ



ʮ 
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Ӱ׷Ҳ˰죬ƷղŻ⡣
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, ÿٽʳ, ҪÿιÿӵҪϸ㡣
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򣬽дˡϢ
Ӱ׷ŵ˫, Ҳ̫Щ
𣿡˼, ҿ൹һ˹һء
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൹Ӱ׷δ˵Ĵʱʾ⡣
ǰװࡢаࡢҹࡣϸֵĻ, Ǵӳʱʱʱڶʱʱٵʱÿĸʱ
Ӱ׷ɣѾĸʱˡ
׿Էʱأʡ
Ӱ׷
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ͻȻħİΣˣħڴ˴ĹúôǱнأ
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Ӱ׷ѸٷԼ
ûķ, Ҫҵħ, ͱǱڣڵ˷֡
ȻѾˡ
Ӱ׷ؿƬ, һ, ͷݹ
ǾͰ˵ɡ
һÿ޵øˡ󻤷Ϊ, λ󣬿ۻȻˣ
Ǳڰ质Ҳˣʵû뵽Ůôһ׷ӣϣ
Һһ㡱ͷһ质תӰ׷̬Խɡ
󻤷ΪƾŮǲҲֿ
质ذ˼ΣסȥӰ׷ͷŰڰ
ǲ²ⲢôǸҸʱ׿󻤷С
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Ȼ֪ҰûױϢǰ˵һ±ȽϺá
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һݣһһ·ɽ;˳㿪ʼΪǽƳصĹ졣
Ƴشһʮ̶أոڵǵһء
ÿһӶҪ𡭡ӹĻ
šÿһǡֻӣеҪ廰
̾ϴ̬ȶˣ
ӲΡΡشͷȥáõġ
£ܲ˵ͲҪ˵ǵƷ˵·ߵǿܾҪˡ
˼һ£԰Ҳ˵ϸ룬ƷӶȽ㣬ôС棬ϲϤŵӱЩ޻ǱȽϰȫġ
԰ʲôʡ
һȥͳ˵ĵطЦû˵ѣ˵ļݼǶôϡ԰ĵӾ㲻ϱҲҪ԰Լ͡
˸ԺѾֳħǰѪȳ棬ĵҲȻ˺á
ʮ߸أԽԽ䣬ӵھųؿʼ¾ͻȽů͡˵ţѾڶرϣƾһָǱסĵطʲô⣬ʱҡ
ӾǷ㣬Ůڵʱǲ˵ֻġ
Ҳҹ͵ϮӰ׷Ŀ𼸷ֲͬȻΪֹ֪λħʲôϵֱӱ¶Լľٶ൱ס
͵ϮƬ̣ߣߣȮԿǣڣǲô
Ӱ׷һ㶣ͷкͱҪˬһͬġ
ⲻ롣
ŻȮ˦ֱһβͣ漴Ц⡣
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ͨƳʮ߳ص·ҲƫƧżҲеӴ·
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Ŷ~Ҵ԰ġȻ̶֮Ӱ׷Ϊ̾ˣʣڿȡ
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ԭˡȻͷҲ֪԰Ⱥ˵ԣʱѷĵ޷ֳȥĶԣο϶һ
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ֻ챧ͼֽĿħô꣬гһվȻҪֻ֣һĲôΨ󻤷Ӱ׷ȻȻϢʱ䣬ҲԳô˻ȥħ𡭡
ȵȡ
Ȼʶʲôԡ
һأ

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ƿһֻڰèſ档
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ġϵͳ𣬡Ȫ۳֮⣬κﶼ޷
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ˡ
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Դ˼ֲ֣ͳһŽȥè̳ˡ
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СĺóԲ˵ô㣡
ӡѩ̵۾âտտһƥǡ
󰡡
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ӡѩӣóܵԱ£Ƥڲݴǰнȴźɫٽߡ
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质Ŀ¶ֻ̽ǲ֪ǵױȥʲôˡ
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ԭ
ʶֻ֪֮ʱΪܻǰ, , һϾûпиεˡ
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ˣһҲǲ֪ġ
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ˣ
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ȫʪ͸˵һ·ӽ£˴Լѩֻϧû羰ֻһֻˮĿСèˡ
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ˣ
㣡ҪҲˮӡѩצ״׺ݵصųĨ졣
质ޱ̧ͷһۣǳָȻèצ·΢Ĺ⡣
ôô
ڵʱ䣬󻤷һײͷ
质ۼӡѩšϵˮ±è˶צӣһСܵػȥˡ

ڶء
ûиӦʱ䣬Ůֱǿʼˡ
Ӱ׷ſںȲ𣬶ԷԻලѾһʱ˵ĻᶼûС
Ҳеġ
ϴôƨƨߵͼָֽһʡ
Ӱ׷Ƴһۣ
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Ӱ׷
˵Ǹ
ˡ
Ӱ׷ֿʼŪԼò˵ЩúǾ˼Ȥ̶ͶС
֪˶ãһ䡱̧ͷԴͷȻʧһĻ
Խһʪһֻèģ߽Ůƽδ˼δɶ
ŮЦŰһһһ
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Ӱ׷ĬҹжûӡѩӰ˭αװͨèŮ˹ϵ
ֱӸһҲܲģ˵ͬΪħֵܾҪͬʹ࣬ôһһ

ڴߺʱӰ׷ֹ
һǴҲãΪǴϢҲɵؼѲ顣
ֻеˡ
ӡѩƽħ˯˯˳Եı֣Ӱ׷Լ߻ڵ㲻š
ڣӡѩ˲ţһһͶι
Դӷֱﻹвٿݣͽⶼ˳ô˻ᣬͨͨιֻèˡ
èʪƤëóһҲ֪϶ˮȥˡ
èֻҪС˾ͺá
èС˵ⲻ̫ܣǴϣè˵һء
ĳˮУϤĺɫ泩Ρ
еè质ʵ˰ΣŮüŻεߡ
С족ǲѾһˣ
ʶһ㣬质΢ǺܿͷԺ󣬽סŮʳ

û뵽սһ¿ζʳ£һʱһèצͷϤġ
ԣ质Ůסһצӣ档
һϣɳǰצƯˮϵʳԡ
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ž
޴ˮǳ۾һӡѩͷϳȥɲǼͽ˸͸ʪ
ҳ㡣
质¸ոˮβͣν񾯸
޴Ͳ޾ѹȸУӡѩȻһ٣Ѹ˻
ո񡭡ħ𰡡
𰲸ɪɪСè䣬ɿɰζС죬ĵӦǴɡ
СˣôŻСèأ

ʱת˲ţܿ죬ҹĻ١
ˡ
ΪֻޣֲӰ׷ԼһҲԼĿҹѰħ
Ů˵ֻԭγ֣ҹʱЧʸߵγ֡
ޱûʲôνС
Ӱ׷ƶֻҪ˵ģܱ̾Ůϳ
ûϵŮ˯ʱֻǶʱȥҾͺá
Ӱ׷ԼżƻҲԸʱԺŮסϨ˵ƹ⡣
û뵽ѰһȦûпκħӰȦƣջǷˣڰһǼƴܡ
ѵħϢֻǴ
ôţӰ׷ڶĶü
֪˶ãһĨ½ǳҰϢ
Ӱ׷һ㶣ƽĺˮ˲κˣ߻ƣϤװŻ佥ԺǿԷЩƬʱ˲ͷ
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ħ𡭡ſڣѹ
ǵڶأǾǹסĳӣһСıǾͲˡ
ϣ˼ҹħֻǡšһѯκ顣
Ӱ׷ǿԼ侲һ£üƻǧٱħĳʼݡ
ħ̸ҵҶˡ
˳عأ̧ͷħա
ãԷ˿ڡ
𣿡
֣Ӱ׷͸ܵһεѹǵسӿֱӳܲסѪ
ħˡ
Ӱ׷质ΪʲôӡλħŭģԷһ䣬Ҳ׽
ֻΪһŭʱ˰ӿɡӰ׷ЦֻӲͦţ㱨Щ顣
ǰעŮҲˣͯأʮֽ꣬ڡ
Ѳɣħ֪ڲŹģ
뵽һ㣬Ӱ׷۾һħıԶǰ
ǣΪʲôûн
质˵ˡ
Žű߹ŵʡ
Ӱ׷æԴҵŮټһֱ˶ţδиħ˵ûܳ֡
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Ȼ˵ֻ
质ü֣Ͳܽ𣿡
Ӱ׷У˵ҪִãڷŮΣʱǻı
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Ӱ׷ͷС˵˵κƻħɹϵ¶ǡɱˡ
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̧ԼȦλָɵĻʵڲøɣҡ
ô᲻øأ
质ʮỺӰ׷ԸûĿǣֱԭء
һޣΪѴԪӤʲôѵõĶ𣿡
˼ǡӰ׷顣
质ЦһɣǵҪúøɡ
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л˵


ʮ 
һĵİ졣
ʵֱ, ϸ⣬ּ׷Ϸ䴵ľ
صĳһͻĸߵ, ˮݷïһС, С, һɫӰѾöʱˡ
峿, Ӱ׷뷢һʱĴ
ҹħദϸĿħĻҲ·һһڶϸ֡Ϊǻĸ̫𺳣ûһħںδԷֱˡ
ħᣬһɡ
Ӱ׷质, ֻ֪Լ, һҪȥִУɡ
ħأ
ǣֻӰ׷ʱ, ľһһճ̬ƴٶȷɿ󻤷
󻤷ˡʱǻǽӰ׷Ϊ󻤷ʱġϴ󡱡
ô
ʲôʱ뿪̽ʡ
֮ظȫһ, ĵҲʵĺӴڸ첲ء
ҪߣӰ׷ʡ
ţֻͷ
úȻȻûҵħ, ֱһŵӹ, ǲܵģҪȴӳȥ
󻤷, ȡ
ֻӰ׷, ϶һа취뿪
, Ӱ׷һ˵ħҪúøɡ
£쾪ѼУŵػӣ·ħô
󻤷㲻ƭǵİɣΪǶɻ
ǸɲãǾͲûȥˡӰ׷룬Լһ䡣
ԣֻ̿˲һҲҿԡ
⻰˼˵ҪǸɲãͱŻȥ
ħˣѲµ˼ֺúݵİ
࡭
Ӱ׷Ķһ£ʲô
ȻµĶڽС
ӣӰ׷⣬㻹ҪԷ𣿡û뵽ħҲûٹȵġ
Ȼֻ޺ţڵ治˰Ǹɻԣ
ħ챻߽ħ׷Ҳܿһ࣬ô
Ҫ֪ô࣬Ҳħʱˣ
Ӱ׷⼸С鷳ʧȥģ΢˼һǵ֣˵Ǳ߲вǳ԰
ٸ˵һ䣬ֱ˺ˡ
Ӱ׷ͣѩ׵Ȯλ޵ۡ
һҶԣȥвƤ
ʧܣడ
ƾһȻʲôһӴϷҴϡ
죬˯౻ϵӡѩֻһ۾죬ģؿһۣ˯˹ȥ
˸Ƿԡ
Ȼ޺ҲҪԷġ
𼱴Ҵ˸ؽ䣬ϵͳĳ˶ϣй
ٹȲĿǷΧǼôҪٹ˵
ܿ죬Щˣͬʱֿװá
ΪЩ򹤵ǣĵؼǸϲʳġϺǸֲݣ˸ࡣ
żСͰأľֻ͵͵ˮϺӿʳӲݵ龰
һȺ޳Ե̫ԣĵûз֡˵κﶼһٵͬʱǵΪ档
ۡͰ
һͬʱ˸£ΡΡؿ򰶱߲ƵŮ֪ǸȰѷ³װ
ȴϣԷֻ֣Էɣ
Ĳ壿
һûɪ߹ȥָָǰľͰʾ⣬԰ɡ
ԼʧЩпΡЩǹⴳڣͼıĻǶҲΪųˡ
ֻһֻСͰ￴һ£̱Ũˡ
Ϊħ˵ʹǲԸſڡ
һóŬ챻ū۵ķĵڳʳ϶󻤷һǸ˵ֽŮɱ
һתͷǿ󻤷ͷսŮִβ˦û磬š
һĿɿڴֱӽס
ôᡭѵŮ˻֮
ҲȮ龪ˣҲϲȻ֪Щʲô˼ֺֻõЩ̫˰ɣ
ڵʱзʲô
̲סĻȮָмõĴԴܿ˻ȥַڱҴ˴꣬ҲУǱߡ
⹷ʵǸˣֲڡ
ǰֳɴ˧֮С˵Ҳ׷Ҳϲһʱ䣬ʵˣЩýܡ
һֻһֻèԣر˳ӣо綼ˡ
šҲǰһֻ
ԣ˾룬ʣǼˮҪ˵޵ա֮ڣҪЩƴɣ֮Ҫʼˡ
ԭ˵հɣ
һþ֣ŽֺϲƴһٶӣŮ˵ÿҪװһٸӣ֮ڣһǧ߰ٸ
ܣ
𣺡֮ǸϵͳԤܺãů޷磬Ϊʡ
ǡֻ룺˵ʱͽЩѳˣ˵ѻ˲ˣ
·̽鵽ǵ뷨۾΢УЩǶܷģһ
ĿתȮῴǵģ𣿡
Ӱ׷ĵȻġ
˵һˣǲӦһ󻤷ҵħˣȻħ󻤷Ѿѱˣ
ŮӰԶȥһֻΪζ˲ضһٺ󣬺ῪʼԷ
أóԣ

质ûķŭл
Ҳû뵽յɱ˵ľҳϵ󻤷
˵ȻΪǡ
캧˵ˮĭֻһҪƿ质֪ԼҪԵİͻȻ˸˼ȷʲô
С죡
ˡ
质ͷȥһ٣Ժ
Ű϶ŵŮ󻤷ʲô󻤷ԼļƻӦǲӰ
Ըʼ˵Ĺ£ֱ˵ֻȮ质̲סͷϸΨִһ֡
ֻȮɵúܲû뿪ظ
ոιʱȮ߶ѵһѾƴõܣ𲻽пǹޣǴӱϵĲһ
ֻЩ
质˼ԣ󻤷յ˵ӦȥѰǸͯصģٲҲȥس
Ͼ󻤷־ȹǡ
һ뵽Ӱ׷Ȼ质;Դʹ޲󻤷
ѡ
ħ˲٣ҳȴ࣬󻤷޾ģһ޶ģѡǣҲֻΪ˲ڴ鷳ʱҪЩĵ鷳š
ҲڵɳһħµġϡʱӦ¼õġ
质˼֮ʱоͷһƬů⣬̧ͷŮָͷϡ
С죬ʱˣ㲻᲻İɡ𰵰̾Ϣֻ˵ҵǷæһѹãæһҾͺú㡣
质Ŀ⸡ֳִܿƽ
˼·ʱҲ԰Ƴ㶼ϡССڡܵɽҰĸؾ̫ģҲֺġ
Ƴװߣ̫ۡ
𲻽ź̾˿ʰöˣҪһ㡣
˵ֶ꣬Ŵǳ֮˵Ϳ˰ΣʵҲνڵС죬Ѿû۸ˡ
ӦõĻ᲻ˡ
˰С졣̲סǶһ䡣
质޿κε˦һβ֪ͣô뵽ġ
ǴˮʾӦ

ʱת˲ţյʱҪ̤ƾӣԶԶһͯʦҪɽˣ
ɽ٣˭ɽ٣ʲô٣
һʱûӦֱۿɼٶȾ£֪һ׽١
磬Ψ̤ʱܿ׽١
ŮٶȡȻô죿
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һ桿Ϣ߾Ҫʼ007tmޣϹ̵򲻱ըǲż55555СԼ֪ʲôʱԺֻܾոʵڸ˾˵ĸˣϣʹսᡣ



ʮһ 
ε׽ٺʱسɵЩ, ƸֺһЩԼʱϵƱɢ, ¶ů
ڲŲŵ㡣
һֱ׽ٳ, żͷĹ, ûаֹȥ̽һµͷ
Ųȥ֡
Ȼ, ȥ£ȴƴʱһɵӰӱԶˡ
㣡
ϤĻڽһֱӰѽӳܲ嵽˳ˮ
̧ͷӳŮϸӰ
շ, ذ׵·, ͯؾôѵİ׺һ䵽ǰŴڵͫһβסϲ
ء˵ʵ, ͯػƳЩ⣬ͷĶôˣ
ûȻػʳǸѧʹ޵⣺ʱûкúѧϰ
ͯʱһ, Ȼû뵽һС
ݸ, С, ģҼôиء
ͯ¶ȵĵط, ۾漴, ҽᵤˣո, ڶɽ١ԣĻúѧϰ
ͯػģЩΡǵģãùͷˣ𵤡˼ꣿ
ӽꡣϵͳʱ𣬡ԭһʱߣŮڡ
Ŷ
һŮȸϳˣӦû°ɣ
ϧؿ佱һͯذΣȻᵤǲһƽϢ˵ڣΪݹ̥ǡҲΪ
ԱȼǸСŮͯѾɳ൱˵ĵزˡ
Ӧû̸ɣ
Դʮֺ棬ûɲÿڣֻû˸⣬˽𵤣úںɽʲô
ȻѽͯΪСĺӣı£һҽᵤ¡
ͯص˽ֻ֣Щ
ͯͶĿ㡭
Ǿϡ
Ϊ֮ǰ׽ٿ㶼ƻԭϱãֱӴͯȥ㡣
ͳƹʮ̶صʺʳƻͣУΧɽʯˮˮļÿ㶼ȫĶܵ
ɵǡش˿ǿеʱ
ͯɫؿ˶ڰߵĻȮһתͷʣ㣬ˣ
ô˵
ȮȮԱ߾һѰƷܣóҪǶԷʱ֣ͣͯؾֱ湷ӵƴӵĳˡ
ò˵ֻȮڣƴһܵĹƴ
ܿɹǣʶࡣ
˵ͷǰӵģʡҰҰ޹㡣
ϣȮϵƴ˦β͡
ÿɰͯ
ʼ㣬ûã̳ʷ۵㡣û׼ǩֻܾ͵ȡģѰ֦
УƳһ֦ǰ
ͯضȻô죬عͷʱȴǻȮһ֦ڴҡβͿ
Ǻܴǡ
֦ð컹ǽ䶪ˡ
ˣҧ֦ǲҪ˰ɡ
ءȮʧͷǶߵһԣ͵ſ
ÿͯؿŻȮ˵ֻعͷ㣬¿Էָ𣿡
û⡣㿾㣬˳㻹ﻹм⣬óͯشɴ˵д̣ٿ
ͯصͷǩֹԹԵһ߿ʼ
ʱ˴ѵζʼƮɢ
ʵ뿾컹磬ʯͷ£ͯ졣
ʱʦ˵˵Щڸļţͯرӡʦ֡
΢пȻĹԺǿװʣʦǸʲôˣ
ǵǸĽǿͬʱְСԭͯصһμʱͯػǸС͸ȴԵöľ档
ȻͯضĳӡҲû̫áʹͯعϵͣҲаͯ࣬ȴҲΪҪԲΪ֪ʦϾϵ׹£ֻǿһԸˡ
ֻͯ룬ü¶һ˿󣬡ʦ
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ʦ˵Ҫұԣָ̣ҼʦĻ˱ȡʦô˵ұˡ
Ȼأ²µ˽֡
ҾͰʦִˣ˵ʲôһֱû˵ͯҡҡͷҪұȣܸҴĵģҾͶ˵ʦ֣㲻úֻųЩ򲻹ң֪˿Ǻã
ֲ֧
Ȼʦֵɫͱ÷ǳǳˣ֪Լˣ֪Լģͯʳָ˵촽ʶ˼Ķ֮ҲûҹңҲû˵ˡʦ˵ʦֱչȥˡ
죬һ˵©Ц
̫ǿˣһֱյôŮԼһ仰ˣҲ㱯ңصشģͯسȫ˸ɾ
ʱŲõͯڵĸˡ
𿾺һ㣬ݸͯأƵĵسʦֻǱҿϰ벽һֱôܸϳ
Թԣˡ
سô˼£ֱΪѣŴﵽ˳̶ȣߵǿ˸һϣʲôɱȵģ
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ţĻͯغãŮصһͷ¶Ц
ܿ죬ͯرҪȥˡ
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ᱻʳסںɽҲǴʦչ˵ų裬ĵһ䣺˺úѧϰ
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ͯصӰԽԽԶֱתԻȮͲһԲݶĶӵã⼸ˣϼǵԴ͡

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ȴĸֻһֻӵ
ôֵؿȮĸҹɫˣӻάΡ
ҡӰ׷˿ΧԵ͵ޣüͷ鶯ϲ̬㡣
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ȻȮ֮еϴ󰡡̾СǲãԿⶼѾ
ӺͶô
ɵڣȼյҲһľ̿
ҹ˾ڶ˶˯ˡ
Ӱ׷Σһء⼸յУѾ֪ħģÿն㱨
质ɫδ˿̣бھ޴ʯϣĳɫ°ûˮһΣˮеĵӰ
Ӱ׷ϥأ˵˽ͯص¡
˵˵ţЩɥÿһûһܵõħĻӦ
ѲɣħԽߣ
Ӱ׷˼ʼɢħڵʲôأħҪһЩŵùħˣһ²⣻пܶҵħޡǸõЩƻֻ죬ڳʱޣһЩħ޲ӶıЩʲô
ӦԳջȥ
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ͷøħסԼΨǰյٴγ֡
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质ı鵭޲Ψ˫ӳ
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ʮ 
ڶһ, ʱι
Ϊ컹һŬܶһ죬ȴ컹ö˶˵ĻȮǳήңûǰĻ
ôˣֹػʡ
һԱɽǳ, ڸɻ, Ȯһʮ, ⼸˭Էż, ֻܣ
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Ŀһֱ׷ţȮ˵òƵĲиΪɻ󣬡ˣ
ܰ, ѵ⼸ѹ̫Сˣ⼸޶ú, ܰôصİ
ֻһСˡӰ׷
ʵϣҲ֪ΪʲôҹħͻȻ𣬽ѵһ, ֻᡣ
Ǿɻ
Ӱ׷룬Լ⼸ɻȷʵҲ֪Զڵһصħôע⵽ġֻ˵ħ𣡶Զǳܱȡ
ǵȥɻС
Ӱ׷룬ħûϢЩ, ħܴΪС»Ѳ
ڶͳԷʱ, Ȯû, ҡҡλεɽȥ
ȵȣ㲻һ㣿ŻܡóһûĿ, Ҳó˶ԹԱ֮ġ
Ӱ׷ֻǻؿһ, ͼӿٶˡ
֪Ϊʲô, һֲԤУֱħŭйء

Դӱ质Ӱ׷ɻɵøˡ
Ǿһ࣬ħϲѲӣڻҵı߽ذİٰʮ֮ߡ
ڶϲõУΪֵģѵЩۡع桢ħޡ
ĹصʱľǻȮڰ߱ܣˮȺӱ׷龰
Ȯ
Ȼ󿴼ȮԼת˷һ·ܵȱߣԴһӡ
ԥһ£ĹԴ
Ӱ׷ʱѣ˲佩ӲˣһСľ˳Ȼء
ԭεӴױ¶Լò׸ĵЩԭʼë
Ůƺûн⣬Դ£̲ס
ߣ
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ˡ
ջվֱ壬Ųķȥ
ѧϰ˽֮֮һʱѧĽ磬ڶѧֵѡӴƳϷӹֻͻȻǰһ֪Ϊá
ˡ
Ǹǳˡֽᡣ
֪λʦƹƳصˣҲ֪񱻵ɽƹӳԳءˣÿμʦ㣬̲סڻöԷٻͬ
ɽӳԳ鲻٣ôпˡ
ǰӭӣʦ㣬ôÿƳˣ룬ӳԳҪȥ
ɽӳԳضǹ㣬̫䣬žͶˣͦȥ֮٣ÿһʱҪ㣬ˡһ㡱Ĺ
ǡֽһЦݣɫޱأڳˣҪټ֮ϣԼҪᵤеӣʦÿȥɽɣ
Ȼڣǡ
ڣҪᵤȷʵϡ
ֽȴΪָţҡҡͷߣ˴ټŵӣĶҪȥʦñˣȥɣ
ĽŲҲôæһʱûٻɺףֽϣʦɷҷʲô
ƶ˷ûֽһϣħ硣
ħ磿
һʱȻ

ħˡ
һأӰ׷质㱨Ϣ
ǱڣߵϵҲδϹƵ
ֻĴҲûбҪֱ죬һò⡣
˵
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˻һ质Ȼġ
ħûйƬ̵İķΧ̫̫㣬ڿ˵ƿء
һħʱɫ̫෴
γڱ߾߾ΪĮΪĮؾ
Щڲǿۣ˷ʱ䡣ոһգЩӴʼҡ
͵ϮŵĵӣͼԲɲѪ뾫ķʽ಻˷һ˿һΪǳĵ䵽Уֻ·һΪĵӣһж࣬³Ҳҡ
ħ֮λʱǽЩһġ
Щ壬ӴƽϢѿ
뿪ħ֮Щħ޾̲סˡӰ׷ߴĻһƽ
Ѿֲˡ
ħڻЩηħȴûħֻ̬̽һݡ
˵ĸŵˣ质ʡ
ò˵ħ֮Ѿãⲻǵߵ
Щš֪жһΪǵַħ磬ǱΪ׵ļڼţΨĳͻͿ̿
Ӱ׷ȻЩΣˡ

Σ质ˡ
ȥɽŴһħһˡ

ɽ֮ϣڶ˺۵ĵڵϣԶһչ˵ˡ
ֽߵȺۼĵطһ·ϰ߰ѪĿġ
Ѿˣһ󿪵ؾţԱߵ˵ͨħ߾Ĵš
ܿ죬ֳ˼Ӱ̧һ˵ӳֳ־ĵӡ
ж٣üʡ
Сʮˣ̧˵ĵӺ棬ɫࡣǲɵۣħ޴ڵµж
ȥϢ˵꣬һɽӽߣһƿⶾ
Ȼʱ·ֽΪʲô˵леæˡ
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ԣֻнµĵӿԽȥʡ
šֽ϶֮ϽⶾȥΪ͵ĵҲܲס
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ڣʮӽħ羳ڣʮ֪ʷʮǱħޱʣʮ˽ȥͬţȴʧȥѶ
Ŀɨӹڶӣͨħ򣬱㷺ϸѲ飬ҵʧٵˡ
ƷŸоһƵĶҲоˣ׷׵ͷ鿴
ƣɴͻšü΢΢չǽ󣬻ħޣҵͬţҪֱӻ򲻿ಫ
̾˿Ҳûа취İ취λһҪ֤ƽ
Ӵ˿̲׾ʲô£ֵһ󣬷׷Ӧǡ
ǾͬŲܣƾǶ棬һվͻζ
µӷĽⶾ̤֮ǰͷֽʦ㣬ҽղƳأ鷳Ҹæ𣿡
ֽͷ㾡˵
𣺡һ˸׳Ĵ𣬺ܳԣܰιιô
ֽ᣺á
ףʦá
ͬʱӰ׷ӡѩɽŴ۴
˵ħ㵱֪ƽڵţӡѩ˸Ƿʲôʱĵģ
⼸ճաӰ׷ƽȶٵɨۣҲֻ֪Ƥëˡ
ϾΪ˽󷽱뿪ҲǺŬǰΪħüƻ
ӡѩ붮ص˵ͷֻҪ⿪ħ뿪˰ɣڵ˲ᷢ𣿡
ֻһ˲ĻᡣӰ׷Ѿ۴ǲŲ̫ãҲὫǷɣòʧ

ˡ
һĨֻһ˲ʹʧʡ
Լ硣
ֽᱳһصİƳصһΣ£ع
С죿С죡
ź֡
Ȼ˺ܾãҲûκκɫֽ֣ƣ
׳Ĵ𡭡а
л˵


ʮ 
Įؾ߽, һȥãưƻƵɫռ˼ߣޱֻ硣
߳ѵ, ̶洦ɼ, Щθµ, ǲħʬ
ŨصѪζ, ʻζζЩħ޻ûáЩȱʬ֮ϣħ︽澡ɣëȻľ׽
质俴Զһоû˵ħͨһ¡
ħˣ󻤷, ¼ල, 𷣣
˵ɣô¡质Ϊֱʵ
ǡҹ, ĮؾħͻȻѣ͵Ϯħޣңҵȫ, ȴһЩħԼѪֱʱǡŵӴ, Щħޱɢע, ͷȥЩˡ
ɱ˶٣˶٣Ӱ׷ʡ
Įؾʮ, ҾˡһˡħȻ
质Ƴֱһ, ÿɷ
ڵأ
ħ, Щħϣȴδ·磬ɱ˼ħ޵ʼ䣬ڱ֪ǵټǻȥ
˵꣬̽ر˸ƣħЩŵڸҪҪ
质ĮȻĮؾؿ㣬߼ʻ磬иʿ룬ԹϽô൨ˡ
ħһ㶣ӦҪŹЩڵˣӦǡ
㡭
Ҫˣ
ħ͵һֻ֮ӿͷ˫վվվ
һȥЪŰգۡ
ǡħ޾ȷûܼʱĮؾЩ˸ϾɱħҪҲ֮С
ȵȣûȥЪţ
һ˲䣬ħ˶ˣϲŸֳˣ緢ǣ
Ӧžֱϵ˶ѫ¡
ħ뿪质һСȥ
һЩʸʬϵħʮʾ˻ƺ˷
ʳƵħצ̰ԣȴԵħ֮𣬶Եֿܲľη־塣
质һȻɨЩû˼άħһ·ͨߵ;ͷ鿴ЩʬȻǽĮؾķߣϲ١
ЩʹͬҰݣκοԲĵطϷӣȴ˲Υ£ôߣΪ
质˼꣬ǵĻʹ֣ûн串
նݱسֵļ⡭ħ֮λ󣬵˲ˡ
˷ԶʯնХĻ质һ̧һڰ䵽С
龪̣޴룬ץ质֣뺰ȴ޷
ꡣ
质ֽ˶һߣ۵׸ֳ
øΪİ취ϴһɡ

㣬ҡ
Ůվǰʶ쿪ֱơ
һЦοΡɣŮ̫ٶȳɳţѾСվ˱ߵλá
ģħı߾شٻħޡдġĮؾмӡŮСħʱʹȫĵطȹ˺üҹ
ֻǡ١ǡ֮ͯ䣬þԵ̬ȷܵġ
ЦЦͯڲԶļӹ
ڽħǸϤ˽ͬУ໥̫Զһ⣬ܱߵ˱ٶȸ֧Ԯ
سߵҲԶǰ
𿴼ƵƵͷֳ꣬˸кͯһȥ
һνħ磬ʵ˵еģȥԶ
ûԤоԵĻް޹⣬ﷴֻޱȻ磬ʮ׿ĵطȻֵطҲʺأ˵ΣķҲΪ
ѽͻȻ䣬һѹֵļ𣬵Ƿ׷׳Ǹ˿ȥָǰСˣ
ˣ൨ĵǰ鿴ܿ죬ǻˣܶϱ鼫ΪѿһŻ¡
ܶǵһôҵ
ǰ·ȫȥħޡһʶĵǿŶ˵ǵʬȫħ
ħմȾħ
ǡǵҡͷһ˿ûУҲκŵӵ֤ħĶ
ڵħôôħޣ
֪Ĵ𰸡ԭħbossҲ˳ĵħԹ˼ƫԶش£ȥ£ٰѹ۵ħͷϡ
ôħŭ˰ɣ
ǰ濴һۣȴͯһקס
ŮɫףץڲȴǼֳƽģǱ̫ΣˡҪȥ
ǻ뵽˸һɡ
סͯص֣߻صߣĺ󱳣Ҳȥˡ
ͯص״̬ȶ˼֣ڵĴ۾˿ˮܿʧ
ʹһ·Ҳûеİ
·Ĵ״ҵʬ塪Ƕȼŵ࣬ԭΣе;ߵ˵ָ֪Щ಻ʲôһһħޡ
˵ħħԸ壬Ū˵һɫѾǷôˣֱһպĽֽ̫ɵĺ֢
һӦʣµҲ˵Լġ;˵
ħǸ̬
ħϲͯͯŮѪ
ħĥˣǰĲ״
ħ
е质ڵӵĻȫУһʱ侹֪ηӦ
ŭɡʵǵ˵Ӱɡ·ʧȥΪħϡ
ЩŵӶǴϢֱ֮
质һȴ̲סŵ
Էĵһ毺õĲձڵЩ
ÿնߵŮȻҲˡ
质һʱЩ΢֮ǰһǵ㻯Լģǲǰ׷ѹˣ
ƺҲûС
质תһ룬ܹǱȶԷȥġ
ϾϴŸոտʼ
ڻʣûҵ

̫ˣٿһЩɡ
ٵȺԤħһοܿˡ
һǰۿɼòΪֻڵĵӱɫ
ϵǰϢͷĵסڱǣͷɫ𣬾ʦã㲻𣿡
ҡ˼һ£üͷḧؿڣеơ
ԡ
סӣЩͷΡ
㡭ͯصǵǰס
ҡҡͷʾԼû¡
һЪšӲֽסͯأͯʦãȥǰ̽һ¡
ͯصͷ
֪ͯ̽ĵӱһ˴ڱĵӼһսսǰʱѾһ·Գˡ
ȻһתȻһĨⶌ޵ĳɫ
͵һ㶣ֻǰһӰ̫ܿޱȣϸϸ˽ɫ·
졭
ͯжȻð뷨
ǰ鿴һգۣȴĨɫʲˡ
֡
ʣµ·ûʲôͯƽƽص˴󲿶ӣҲĴͷѵ˼䣬һ˾ּǰˡ
·ϣͯǿԼͷѹʣôˣ
ͯسɰΣǾ˵Ҳĵʦ㣬ҸոǱ߿һˡ
ˣ
ָеʲôˣ
ûźɫƯ·ƯֵطҲԡͯرȻͻ˶Էŵ
ĳȥ
¡˭
˶Сʦáֻħ质¡
²۹øƵģʵǿ
ڶԷڸʶʵǲһġ
ԭħʵĿ̻ǳϸ¡ǰ忪ĽɫС
꣬Ҫ˵ˡĴ˿ֹͯ˵ȥ
סͯص֣첽ߵ󲿶мȥԱ֤˷ǡ
ͯգգۣѺû˵Ļ˻ȥ
˵Ǹ·ɫ㰡
л˵
ڿ֣



ʮ 
ʣµѰҸΪ, һ˽Įؾ߽緭˸׳죬벻ħ޴˸棬ʬǵħһ
ʹ, Ҳûܷǵټ
롣
Ϊħ綺̫, , ȺвٵӶжķӦ, ̴ֻܼظ
ʱϰ˵Ķ飬ֻʣһʮ
ͯسڴС
𻷹ܣ֮⣬ʣµĶŵӣһŵӷͦ۵ġ
Խ·Խ, Χ᾵ļʯ, Щζ·ɶ㡣
ߡֻȥ޻ء
质֪ħڲΣգЩô֪ǰУüͷ̲סš
Լν, Ҳ桭
Ӱ׷
ڡ
ȥʣˡ质ҪˣҪʬǱʲôħˡǾʿĶӣʣµĲ
ǡ
Ӱ׷, ۵Ǿȡ⻹ǵһμħ˻ѹ򣬾ħ֮λʱ, ԽĮؾҲԶûη
ħΪˡ
һ˾Ĳĵ, Ӱ׷ٴͷԭ뿪
ʱֻЦˡħ, Ӧòϲĸɣ
, ǸҲ̫ˣħһͲ˰
, ϶ᣬ飬ֲɰ

Լһ±ߣڲòͣ¡
ʱŷ֣ղžĵطħСһ磬ǰ£һƬʯʯߵȣڳԶܼһ˿΢ĸߵء
⡭ȥ˰ɡеĵѾʼ¶֮⡣
Ӧ
Ϊ׵ӣƩҲ¶֮ɫ֪ǰ·̽ͬŵ֪ǿͬ껹ίΣ׷
ϾҪˣҪʬ
˼Σǰҵʮ˶ڸûɱԶ˶٣ȥ𴦿Ǵԭ·أҲֱӻȥ
ʦأ
޷λħѰңԻ

̸ֹû֮ĶԻǱеһĨɫע⡣
̧ͷֻһǶĴʯ䣬¶һذɫۡ
ڵĵӷ
Ȳѣ·ʱҲǵ棬ʲôҲûôһתˣ
ʦ֣ǲˣ
ڵӷ׷̧ͷһ˲žǰ鿴ˡ
ԶھʯӰ׷Ĩ˰Ѻ˶˵׾٣ǰȥñ֤Щŵӷ֣ɷôһ
ڴʯϵĵӱ˾ȴ²ʡɫԼж̫ãѾʮ΢
ϴǻȥԶ¡ֻˡ
˻صʱѾһԺˡ
ʮӵβö֪֪Щ˴Լκöûкӹˡ
֪ǳؽħ粻˵ͬŸһȥԼͬŲòվȡҲֵݵɨɽŰɡ
ͨ£ֵһʱصƳؿС죬ȴѶֽס
ʦãʦϴʣҰι㣬ûá
һ£ʦôô˵
󲻵ʲôܻС죬׽ٶŵùƳصˮҲȾʲô
ûҵС졣
ʲô
ûֽüһѹģãӳԳضûϣһƳˣû˵ʲô׳Ĵֻһڰ׵İƬ㡣
꣬ҲƣӦСôԣҲûˣôأ
ܲ˰ɣֲȱ
ֽ棬Ͽңû
ɲûȥ϶仰
ʶԣ̵һȥ
Ҳȥֽæϡ
һ˾Ƴء
𻷹ˮ棬峿ƳزԣɷǺÿƽ޲һ㱡
һûʲô쳣
룬ڴһ£һ룬С˼
ԣҾ͹ˡֽ˵
վߣ̽ԵغһС죿
ԼʮһĨ޵ĳɫˮ׸ִ֣뻺
ֽĿɿڴ
ϤĴսðͷ̲ס´˴ĴԴ
С죬ô
ҡͷԣ˦˦ƯĴβͣһ̬ģ
ǿɰĶЦתͷֽС˰ɣֻҪӶС
ֽôճ˵㣬ͷһμ
ǰԭΪС첻˵ġ˵䣬оֱ˺ü£ǵͷٿֿ׷βӡ
ǡֱһ죬ô
һĲ˺üֽ֣󣬻ŴͰͶι
ԵòֺŴ˦˻˷ܵشӳһԾͶˮС
ֵůȫѸɻԺŴͿʼ
⻹Сһôֱ׵رԼĻܸҲװƽġ
ôһ˲оıЩŹ֡
ܿͷáĨˣļ죬Ȼܻȵһˡ
ճˮڰߣεرԼеĴ㣬Ư˵Ĵβ͡
ѾҪ˰

ħڣһƬš
Ũħʮ˲Լͬؽ壬ͷŽż⣬ҰͶλϵˡ
ʮȷʮħڶξ롣
һΡλ˼ħ֮λʱ
ʮһۣ϶ãʱ˼ֻš
ͻȻǽһ𡭡ħʲô
质ףӰ׷ЦⰻȻؿ˿ڡ
ĮؾĶңΪδδܹ
˻һʮһ
ڽĮؾĻҡǲûжţֻ˼Լ˴δֹԵش¡
Ͼ˭ء
Ӱ׷ЦţλǵħʵǿʢʮˣССı֮ضϽ֤ܹܵԼħأ
ʮ巢⻰˵ġҪô
͵͵Ӱ׷һۣӯӯЦۯ}ִͷȥ
󻤷ħħй䣬ֻ󻤷ճڸأַҡѵˡ
ôһʱգǻΪħҪ󻤷ܿˡ
ǲ֪󻤷ǳħ⡣
ǺЦص󻤷ѡôһħҼħʱ׳ۣλħǵΪ¡
·ǲֵһ
ҲǲǷУǼϽʮħ򡭡
뵽⣬Ѿ̲סˣʵħ˽ǻħһʲôָ̰ɣ
ʿ
һ͵
质ָ㣺Ǳ߳װ
̶̼֣Ѿʮᵽľġ
޷صɱİ˭ħ˵ۣڰ֮
ʮΪԼæĽһᡪƽΪöÿʱỵ̈ҪѿĻᡣ
ȴû뵽󻤷ֿˣ
ĮؾѷΪʮ죬Ǹһǡ
㵵̧ͷӰ׷ǵζħڷѾɾˣǶһ
£Ҳƾܲˡ
ʮֻٺ
ǸղǸʳ⣺ǣħˣĮҪʲôأ
Įؾ˸״ʯ塢ʯߣǶˮ̶
ħѵĵطƽɽʯҪѺóһʱ䡣
Ҳס̫ʬκ»Ƿ顣
֮Σˣſȫֵħм
ܿ죬ǻָ˰质⡣
ֻǸ߰Įħ㣿
ʮ׷Ǳһ£˲ýӲ
ħ˰Ƕ̶ĵطô
Ӱ׷̲סȭ߿һԵסԼ¶Ц
Ȼħ𷢻ǻȥ
Ӱ׷Ц⣬ϣ˵Υħ
ʮҡͷֳƲңˣ˵ҪŬչشͬٽȥˡ
ãӰ׷΢ЦſڣҪȥ𣿻ǡ
ħֽ񲢷˿á质üͷ΢ɣƷʱǰءӰ׷˫￴һ˿͵Ц⣬̾ħǲһˡ
λħܵõ֮׵ķɰա

ӡѩڴϲӣڽӵӰ׷İź󣬱ֹһ˲ɽŴ󣬷˻
质ϤĵһأŮעʱصˮ
ȴû룬ϢһĻ
ʱŮƺ˯ˣŰߵ˫ˮУɫĳȹˮһ塣
ģĴ㲻ûаشһԣŮΧĥ䣬˵Ůϡ
ܿ죬Ů㾪ˣž˫ۻδԴͳʳιԡ
ôС졭
ŮžƽδŵĽ⣬˰׵ָں챦ϸϧ谮
质ſţԼ̲̫סˡ
ڣȵᡪŮ뿪Ӧǻȥһմʪ·
ǵˣίֲᣬʧػصˮŵȴ¹
质ޱػصأԭһȷֱ䵽֮µĵʮ⣬ŮⱲӶ
ռλã𿪣
л˵
˿



ʮ 
ʱ, ³¯㷹ˡ
εõ԰ʼۻ壬ûʲôζ, 㷹ζһ²Ρ
Ǹոճ緹, Ҳ볢һڡ
𼸺Щֵסʳջ, һ뵽ܸιȤ, Ͱ͵͵һڵ.ӿ˽Ų
⼸첻֪ô¡ҲΪôȣСĸɷԸˡǰ˼ԥԥյǰſַ
Ҳ£Ӳֿ﷭һرԲִСʵĿɰ, ѷһһͶ˵滹˼, һֹС
Ψһɻ󣬾С췹̫С
һܳͰͰԲ, ЩСǲˣûõ״ְ̬Ĩȥ
ֻǳ˰ɡ¿ζ㷹
ٽأˮ, ȴطִûԶż㣬ǰ˷ܵزԾˮ档
ѲɡСҲζ㷹
ź, ͷ㷹, ʱ˱ӯ
غ޶Ȼ̫
С첻˰ɣȻðǡ
ͬʱ, һƬѪɫŸɢ
ˮһĨɫת, ŰżðгϴԼ, ϸܵݡ
质ЩԤϡ
⣬ʱԡֻǳɫ·һΪԭΣͱ¶˶ߡ
Ʃڸղˮʱ뵿Ѫִ²Ƭϳֵ
ⶼħѪµġ
ħڶηĵĵѪŴжħħѪ൱涾
ͨʿһħĶϣƤ⣬ʴǡ
质֪ʲôͨʿʱδϣһδ뵽ħѪ൱ŵԡ
մħĶѪΪԭʱƬϱֳǳһİɫ
״Ѫȥʲôʲô
һʱ䣬质Щš벻ʲô취Ѹۼճֻܾգ䡣
ᷢⲻѰ֮
С죿ŮѾںˡ
质һ˲˳ܿεߡڣֻܶŮᷢˡ
Щѡ
С죡ôˣ
ŮţĶŵһߣ
质΢һҪΣ̲סͷһԼࡪôô
ֻ˻㣬ҲЩң˭Ļһ˳Ͳ쳣Ӷ
⻨ôҵú͵ͼһ
ų˴㱻˵һѾûʲôˣǱģҲӦѹȡظ
ǡпˣ
Ϊղŵһ߸еȵİûڣѻˡ
㲻Ȳ࣬ƽָëѿȵ֢״Ѿˡ
ò׳ô뻻㣡
С죬úøһ¡
质Щԥ˵ħ֮Ѫһʱͻʧȥǵ˵Է
ɾԭ֮ʱŮ˵ôûǰչɿɰˡһľ͵ս̶Ůǰ
Ҳȫû뵽αװȻôĻ̶̼գͽŮеĹˡ
˵ϲճһЩģ
质˼֮ʱѾְ˹ȥϸЩƬ
ѾԶȵӴקʱҲ൱أˮĸܳɹС
мָпò˵Сʱ䳤÷٣ȣ˵ǡСҲΪ
ָڴƬϸ֮ĸоƽƵ״ȴʲôһܲԲ㡣
մϵĶָ׹˼£Щۼޱ仯ο̻档
ܲưɣ
ŴģԷ²⡣ǹ£һôͻȻôң⻨ڵġ
ϵͳ̽һϡжȡжϣҲе㵣ĴƷ½
̽Ϊ
ϵͳĴ״̬ҲϵϡжȣֻҪûζŻоȡ
ʲô취ȽϺãʼ˼
ҩûȷʲôһôҩܻز飬صҲܽ
ͺˡ
̲ס룬磬ûʲôܼʱ¼ӰĶƬȥҽʦˡ
¼ɫĶа
ϴϣ½ɵŸβݣ䡣
Ҽǵ򱦶иӣҲǴģӳʱڵͼ񡣡
ȻС
ȵͬʱҲһ˿ҡҺûʲôԿκ뿴ˮ֮ıȻЩ¿ɶҪ¶ˡ
ôʦǶʲô½ɿδʦãĵѯһ䡣
¼סмλʦôģұ뻭ȴиõİ취
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ܿ죬򱦶һзνġӡʵһʯͷĥƳɵģ˲֪ӵ¼ӰĹܡ
ѶõֱֺӻصһأȴȻޣתͷȥ˵ء
Ӱ׷ոջԭΣԼһڿŬɻӡ
ǰһ乷һͿӰ߷Χ
ӡѩЩЦϸûħ̫ͣãȻ˿ôã
Ӱ׷ֻħһǱ߽Щ顣
һԵһѾ۵ò˵󻤷뿪ǰҪĻһˡ찡ǿǼĻֻûûҹϢظɣǸˡ
һӡѩ㲻˵װſ˯βһҡһΡ
ȥһˣûܸǴû°ɣĿصڶõͣһѶŵҡͷ
ûԣû͵ԣǶ˶ǿڲݺģ
΢΢һЦû£͵˳㣬Ҳҵ
Ϊ˱ͬЩ޽ӴֻιС죬ֻίǶš
޶һҲû°ɣ
ôҲȥèߣߣԴֿѾװõܣж޵ĹЧʲܸ⡣
Щˡ룬һжԱľݸٰɡ
죡ð
һø̣ŭԡ
ֱŮӰʧǷ׷״յӰ׷ߣҪ޳󻤷ˣħһֱûְΪʲôҪһֱ⣿ʲôʱ߰
Ӱ׷Цһֻħ¸һЩ޻ڹ
ˣζҲʲôʱɹʲôʱ뿪
һΪ󻤷һᡣ

ٶʱѾǰʱ֡
𻽳㣬ϼӳ£ϰ߲ĺۼĿ
Ū˾ӣþӸպöųˮ
ʯƵľӲ͸ֻ͸һȫǺڰһֱѹ׵Եʡ
质֪ʲôߣ
Ƭ̵İŮ³ԤϵĻ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱ뿪ڡ
Ȼ뿪
质˿֪ԼĿ仰˲٣ˮ˼ΣԾ
һֱΪŮϲˣ㼸βԷ뿪ͷҲܿˡ
ڿŮƺ㳤ô
质ʱҲħšرͯײǸӰ
ħҲˡ
޷˵ԼֻɺϣľֻҪǹغκοܴ⡣
˳žۣħһĶҲԶˣȻʯ¼
С죬Ҫߣ𣿡˴ԴǿҸĳӣɽˮץ޹ɿҿǼֻͲ
质˵ǾħɣħطʮħҲС
ҲСڡ
ǸƬ㡭ǿҲУ˨ſڿҡ质һ¡
а
ϼŨأ质Ů뿪Ĵ㣬ĿҲһֱͣפӡϡ
ߺ˼ΪڿŮǺǰֵ顣
ֽαװԼģ˶ĿȴǶŮϲԼеѹ
ڣףҪġ޷ȡĵλ
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ʮ 
ŵ˼, ִϵĺۼûбǳҲסˡ
ȥҽҩ
ǡ£Ǹ, һֽɡ, ǼǺɽȥˡ
ٹС
һɽ⿪ѧ, һ̤д, ͷǰԶվһߴӰԺԵĿ⣬Ҫ͸
˾ô
һ˲䣬뵽ϴ͵͵ûǶԷ죬ˡ
߻ü
˼Сһ̲ס££ɴ, ٴ̧ͷ, ȻֶԷѾ߹ˡ

֪͸ÿζһװʡױϳ
˶˸ǰܲ÷˼, ΢΢һЦʼװɵ˾ʲô£
˾Լࣺ⡣һεûҡ
Ҳͷ󣬶ҡҡͷϵǰЩѧ, ҺòײŴӱģƾԼ, ֻһЩײһǮʮǮˡ
һ仰̫, ˿˾ûй涨ҪѶ, дһܼ, ܲУ
˾ܹȻӦˡ
ûѹ, ˸򵥵һڼӼڽȥ󣬹Ȼ˾ʧ
û˵Ļᣬֱӵҵѧãϻۣѧʣһ⡣
ڹУˮƽߣҪʮ֣ûôʱ䡣
˾ܱ£һ
ڼʼٵر࣬ǰ岻ãţŻص֪Ҫ⣬һд´ҽĿΣ
˾ܳ˼˰Σǵ˵ͷҲá
ĵ׳˿ܺãȥȸͯؿһѧͯذ˾ͷ
ԭУͯУüߵѧ츳õ˾ľ黹кܾãһСǰˣó׼С
˳˾ܵ˱һתһۣ㲻
Ȼͷȴֻ˾ܵıӰ

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ɻ飬ڵ¥֮ǰ·̯λ˺üѧ飬ŻȥŮϰһ±سţҽݣ˺üţȴ˻ӦٴӴǺܾûס˵ӡ
Σֻȥȫ¥ˡ
ľ¥ŲԶ˰ʮ׾͵˱ϣû߽Ⱥò֡
ԼԼأܴӶеһЩ˵Ľ̸
ȫ¥ðû뵽ôˣ
ǰ˭뵽еһҾ¥֮ܿǰǺܶ˵ڹгԷô
Ǻ˭̸ⲻȺһҪ˵¥Ǹʲô뵽ˣר˲Ҹģգ
԰ҼǵǰҲ˳Կôûɣ
Ͳˡ¥ζνһĺ˻ĳô꣬ûȫ¥ζôػ㣡

չͷڰΪĽֵ۵ףһ㶡
ǹֳˡ
ϴǰ¥йܵľӪʽֻҪǹõͲ塣
ڿԶгڡ
˶ٴι̶һɴѵشȺм˹ȥ¥Ϊ֪Сǰ
հСһ죬żŨϢԵ̶ȼֱ꣬ǣʳ緹ûȥãżζ󣬾ָоӼ
ӣǰСߺȣ
ţζһ~
ɽʮ㿾˺
ζӰֻ~ʮź~~
ɽ⿾Ӻһݣ¥Ϻɽɫ䣡
Ŀɿڴǵֻ˿ףûô໨ڵĶ
ЩζôôȽ˭
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
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˵ͷĿǰľӪ״⣬תͷֿǽϹŵľƣдšţ⡱ٽɽʮ㡱ɽޤ֣ǸղĵСкġ
ЩǿĿζ̽ʡ
ǣЦЩζ˳Ʃ硰ţ⡱˶ԹţͺѶߺһ𣬾ͳĿζ
Ҳǣһ㶼ţ±ţ⣬ζȽϵһ
ʣǡЩ˭ԳģüǮ
ЩǹϴƳİƺܵļԣ˵աĪǹġ
ȻԭҽûĪΪ¥ˣ
ΪԷֻ湦أû뵽һһ

ǣĪҽģ
ںԺ΢΢һȥ
ˣҹȥͺáĪھ¥ʲôǸ¥ԺӡڿĪɸϸһ̣룺Բˣ
ҽѾǸĵϴˣ
һ䣬¾Ͷµ뿪Ժӣ˳æͨԺӵš
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Īҽʦˡ΢΢һЦһζҩ
һΣĪûֱӾܾʲôƳһۣôˣ
㡪
ôҪ˵ôëֱ˳ˣζġĪ˵һ䡣벻ףֲԸʲôë
ϳ˶˼ŸôԭĻƣǱʲô˵Ǵﳤġ
û˵꣬ͶһɫĴƿ
ƤģѪﳤģÿˮĸʱٷһɡĪЩԼҽļš
û˵꣬˶ֵͬʱҲԸĥ۾ʣʡ
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һ£Ǹ⣬ǲ֪ЩƳжˡ
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Сܵô
ûбİ취ˡлĪߣֱס
˵һζͽСΣ
𣺡
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βһҪóСĺϸģһҩϡ͵ò׸µ
ԽСԽ׸¡
Сô󡭡Ҳû°ɣ
ڵ껹ûͣˮ漤ϵϸСۣ
质ͷȥֽɡϵĻɫҩµŮҵá
ŶԷӷſʼһֱûͣµЩʲô
ϵĺۼΪħѪ̫࣬һʱ˲ˡŮ࣬κδʲôʱŮǰ
С£ֻҪĸʱͺãܿġ
ʲôĸʱ
质ãȻţóһ
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һҪӶˮȻԼѴˣûиֲȾأֱֻϡˡ
ǣһϵ÷ڵҩ˰׵ָ䣬ۼžҪŽڵˮ
ô质Ůղھʲô
ζ
质ΣпǰŨǰ˫ݲѾɥʧζգεҩζܡ
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Ƕλεģ沼ϸС͹ǡӣ
ˣҩûˮУƵ죬µ֮Ŀֲζ
质ҲȥֱˮЩǿӲشмƻٵûκ׼
ˣΪΣŮǰ
ɲǼ䣬·һжڼž
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ҩֽɡڵϣԶ
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л˵
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ȥ˸orz



ʮ 
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ȻעǰһĨϤĳ죬ҲֻעţԺһƬհס
, һһЩ˼, ӳŵӰҲʶ
˹ֺÿˡ
ĵһӡ
һμѳɫ˺ÿˡ
ʶ롣
˴һϮĿĳ, ɫ, ֯ӳϸ΢⣬Ʈ˳䣬Σܾ޴ڵĹ
Ŀɫ
Ϊģϲ̫ԳƵ
ĿŲƷܴڵϣһ͡
ƬɫŽâ, 忡üΧ̿һ, Ż˵⡣
ƺؿ΢ȻȻشһ˿Ƶκ
Сأǻδȫλ
ôһСأʶ㻯ˡ
Сôˣֻ㲻ˣ
ǡôÿˡ
ǰϡղĿõһС޴ˮϯ۵ĳ, Ӱ˱ˮгˡ
վǰᴹ, һ˿ˮ
һʱЩѣ
˹ȻûĻûȥ, ǰ
϶С졭ϵƾλε֤ݣ
۵Ʋס¶, ţǲĵؼһʻС𣿡
Խʵ
Ȼ, 质ʼ
ڡǡ롰ǡ֮, յ˵ͷ
ѳڽκŮֻ, ˰ɡ
ˡ
룬ʵӦÿĲŶԡܰһˣǶ߳㼼ɲģǣֲòһʵ⣺
㳤ٴҲòأһˡôأ
šüͷѹؼһ£ͻȻֵġÿġҰˡ
һŵ˷֣Ҫɽȥ
Ƭ̵Ļ֮ʱ质Ȼˡ

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ͦθף޶˸һصѹȸУǾþӸλŭ
һĨʮֺÿȴëȻЦ֮ΪΨС
󼸸֣ŷɢڿ
质룬Ҳҩ
˵꣬Ź۲ķӦ
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յķ̫ڿ֮ҲкХ
˵󡭡ʹȵСȫ
βסĵıˣֵεС쿴Ĳǿйһ΢ЦáͦãҲ
˵䣬ʣ㻹ܱô
ʲôӦ
质㶣ŮӦǲӦ׼ӦˣǲıϣӦҲǿѡ
ģɵĻָ⣿
质ǻش⣬Ȼԡ
һ£ֻʯۣʮֶĸп˳úÿˣҲô
С죡
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ȱˮ
ʶԼС˵ﶼ˵ȱˮԭΣ˵С첻㣬Ǵ㣬ҲͬӦòܳʱڰϰɡ
Ůʳ⻰质Ĭһ¡ԭ̬ȻΪ㣬ϲˮΪֲһơ
ϵΪ˺ҲҪˮУ볣һ޶
˼ص˵ͷܿ췴Ӧһ⡪СԸأ˵Ҳ˹Ŷ
ֺذϸϸһ飬˵㲻ܺڵҹ䣬Ҳñȥ˯С
Ƴ߾һСƾӣʵڲˣοǸһӡ
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ô룬˻һŨصİ˾Ҳرպ壺ֻҪ㲻˿ʲôҶҪʲôҲᾡȥ졣
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û뵽˿ˣΪ˵ʱѾܱˣҲ̫ˡ
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㡭Ŀⲻ˽Ӵĵط˵ƳϵȣһҲѪе¡
ôˣ
质ֿʼᡣ
΢üһĲɵ΢΢
ܹСֵʵ̫ܴ򣬱һϸ΢ı仯ǣ˵
ֻһͻȻ飬ʣǲǲƬ
质һ£ף۵ɢһ˿ǳ͡
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ʲôԵвϵĻԡ
Ȼ죬Ц⡣
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⡣
⣿۾ԸԿһΪ
뵽ȥιС⣬Ȼֹ
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ܿ죬һ̯׼ˡ质һһӹȷŮƽʱõĶ鲻ԾͺŴҲ¶ЩЦ⡣
˿̣ǸӦʲôͷһۣͼ˹ɵڰʯͷϾȴߴϵ
ôԣ϶Сûˣ
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质ӹӿֳݵĸоڴôã׿ڳŮĿ⡭
ǼǴδŹŨ㣬ŵľǩȵ¶ȣ质ſڣҪҧȥ
Ҳôÿ
˹ǽڷ޳ָ
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ԶͻȻһߺȣڵվǻҿˣʧվڰߵ质
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ԲС죡Ƚˮɣ
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#ʵէһ²û뵽˭#

ҵʱΪɾˣ
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ʮ 
ľǩת˼Ȧ, ҽˮУ漴ƯһЩͻ
ڵˮ֮ǰ质ͷԻǷµġ
Щ벻, ôһת, վʹͷתǰˡ
Ӧ, ˮǰһ˳תΪԭΡһĨôޱ͸ĳˮ, һɫĳ
Ǵ⡭
质½½ע׵ĳˮ΢³һ
˵ʲô顣
漴Ůǰ˵ĻỺˮ, Ҳ˰˵ĶԻ
ʦ, ɫΣץץͷ˵ô, ҪСؾڸŵ
ûаҡҡͷƳûӰ˿, ʽһۡ
ϳˣǸĵӡ
ֶԷȻ, ɽû𣿡
ټһ, ƾڿഫǲʵģ˱һʽÿ, ֻ迴һɽǵ, ֻҪ, ͱµ
ջûüȥһ̫ߣպõסɽǰ⡣
ûСҡҡͷɽŴ˵⣬շ㲼ʱ˱˶ļ󣬱ʱӹ󷨣ԣֻɵӼ以ͨˡ
˶𲻿ν棬Ȼ˸ҶлҪǱץ
ҪǱץɾͳԲ˶ˡӸпǧҲ֪ĸô󣬸ȥô󡣡
һӾ뵽ܣ
һǵΪ֪ӡ
ǡħˡ
ϴξˣ֪ԭħ粢Ǻ޹ͨȥ൱硣Դ˷ƣħҲܿڴ̽Ҳ÷֡
ԭħһνӴŮͯزСĴħ磬ħħ
ϴνµˡ㲻Ѿ˾أ
ǰ˰֣ʦò̫ģлʱܰ󷨼ӹˣšòһʱ
áع۵¶⣬Ȼٹһʱûˣô㻹
ȻֲõԤУֻŵӵİɣ
һ֤ʵĲ²⣺СؾӭһεŴᣬŴҪʼ׼ˡ

Ȼ
Դŵӣͷֺܶ๫ȴš൱ںڣӰ˵輯ͳһžͲһˣŵӣ൱ߡһ·ģԡźͱд裬ƽҲûʲôˡ
ѽ룬Լ࣬ʱ伸ûУɵŸʺ
գƵѯؾҲؾô֣ôؾ
ؾ䱦ء
Ҳ˵ؾҿġԴɽӴؾҲͲؾһ
꣬һؾ֪ؾϡг̶ȡڼҲֹؾҲָΪڱڣûŵӽʸ
ӵĻ˼⼸ؾڷΧˣ
Ҳ֣Ͼǰδţû¶˼ǻԵˣǡõɡ
ǣȻΪŮˡ
һԭ鿪Ұľ飬ڽؾسͯػԵɺϵõ౦ϱе츳ʵʵٶһ
ʦ֪Ŵʲô𣿡ȻһЦڲ꣬Ŵ֪֮١
Ŵᰡ̾ŵӻһ飬Ҫ¡Щŵ˵ֻһ°ˡ
ʲô
ûǰ׼ϿңʦãŴĹģö࣬۸ڣ湦϶ҪȥҪ󻹻һһشţҪһˡ
ļ簲οʶʦòʦܣףֱ󣬡£Ŵٿʱڡ
Ȼ׼ƺӴĹ˳ĬòŵлʦָЩ
Ӱ˰֣лͬӦġ
ԷҪߣʣʦ費ҪæȥŴʦʦá
ˡǵĿ⸴ӵؿһۣʦһȰ첼󣬾ץʱ׼ɣˣͣ
ŶԷӰʧУȻδĹ˹⣬¸Ҫġ
С죿
Ųĵߣȥ
һƯĴͷ۾һű顣
С졭ʱͶŵֺãողǹģⲻ·ͻȻûɣ
βһ˦һѤĻ
ǲţˮһƬĿĺɫ
ٶȳǰ
ֻΰ嶼ˮУ͸ıˮûţһ¶ĳ
ɱɫȫע⣬ãŲȻգգЩۡ
ǡ
·Ц
֮˻վ
峺ˮһ羫Ĵ񣬴䣬մⷴɵĻ⡣ǳϷ·̼ɻֽγһʵľޣ˵۵ס
Ǳ޵Ǹ
·
质Եͷһۣ˵ɫģѰ˶۾ֲƷĻ󡣲⣬ŮʼͶƬȤ·Ҳ֮С
Ȼôˮ
ǰСӵ½ǣָ渧´Ƶģ֮⾪档
ղŻˮţվȴǸɵģһֺıĸо
˵𡭡ĲϣʵмӲƬԡ
质
ţŮȻֻΪ˵仰

ղŽҪͷĿЦ绨ոǴˣû˴ţԺúó~
质Ŀ΢ӹǸӿ
һΣڣˡ

Ҫһ𣿡
质֪˵ʲôƳʱŮһ˿ڡ
䡭˶꣬ʵ
֮ǾʹӵһɽС·ȥˡ
ĵطһţ̫𣿡
质ŸɽȥϸëޱɽƬ򰵵ɫģһЩ
ջĿ⣬еŮͷֽɡǱơ
ȻܱˣҲˡȻסŲ
质¶ɻ󣬼̶ԺҪڵһشˣĸӶУ˵ãܳ㡣
ǡ뿪ڿɺã
质ֻ䣬üмΣԵġ
Ǿͺá˵ͷȻʲô质һߣֱĲݵϣǱߣĹӣɰɣ
ޱϸУɫĴĵſڴõĲ棬ˣ˲ʼҡβ͡
βûҡ룬ͽӲͣ
˫ɫ·ܹšĸ֡
һҲޣͦõġֻȮ״̬е㲻ԣɵૣôˡţǰβͶҪ˦ˡ
Ŷ˦
质üͷ΢أǿˣȽϾɡ
Ͼǹ
ˡ
Ӱ׷ѾħֽӲػſ¡
ħ᲻͵͵
ǰɡֻȮȥˣͲٿͬ质ĿҲСأ
ۡ
׶ŮħȡİƣӰ׷Ҫ಻סЦצӴԼװΨЦ
ֻϧһһıͶȻ
质Ŀ΢ٿʱѾָů⡣
ȥ𴦿ɡ
ܿ죬Ǵӵڶٲ̨ףߵ˵ʮء
ĵط¶ɫ
质ע⵽һ㣬ҪҪѯһͱԶĽŲע⡣
ˡ
мջ𣬽꣬ȴôˡš
ǴŮ
С
ˣ
û뵽ŮӦҲϵؿ죬ֱץסɡֱۡ
ܲɷ֣Žŵȡ
ŮһߣҲ˳ӵظϡߵһɽʯǰŮͻȻͷֽɡһŰ˹ȥ
质ȣûˮ
߰ŷһʯߡ
ܼСֻ˽վ
꣬𶯣עȫ棬ȫûʶԼſϡ
质̧̧£Ů
ѽôаɡ˭ģ
Ƿ紵İɣ߰ɡ

ֱ˵Զˣ˲ŷ
ˡ
תͷߵϵĻƣڷԼ̫ˡ
ֻ±˿
ǰڿգľ˼£ߡ
Ϊ̹ȻϾ
Ĵ⻹ǵϷӾסʯǿˣҪ뵽Ѩ֮խĵط
ղȻˡ
ʱ͡
ǰڱ˻Ҷϣҡ
ʵЩΡ
Ϊ˻գʱǵ˿ڡ
Ӧǡ
质Ȼ֮ʣָȻ̽ؿڡ
𣿡
л˵
ģĻأ



ʮ 
һ, ʱ·ͣ͡
ʯܰ质һ˫䵽¶
ֻԴͷ, ûӦ, ĿͣڼſؿڵŮϡ
ʯʵڲͬʱˡԼǱ, Ůü, Ұ¶ǵ顣
֪Ҳˡһ˿ǣЦ̸Ӷˡ
质ͼˣȴżӲʯڣе忰޹ǣһСľ

֮, ˡ
Ѿȫˡ, ֲһ䣬뵣ġ
𣿡
Ů־Ȼؿڰ˰质ȫ, 
ħΣվصʱҲδһŹ
Ȼ档
质üָۣԼؿ׽ߣȴֲ֪÷, ֻġ

Ȼ
Ҷָֻ¶, ֱЩܲ, ͵س֣ա
һҲѪ롣
ĦһĪЩָ, ϸƬ, ŵǾͺá
ͣúܿ, ԼһӺͳ̫
߳ʯʾٵһͿʼĴ
Ŀɽͷһʺ硣
Ǹͷ
ɣѾûˡͷ
ţĨӰʯ˳
˿ѴȥˣЩ㱡
ʹ˶ΣҲ̾˺ÿͬһϸĻȴһɻȻɵУÿһΣǶӾǿҳ
ʱ˫ÿ۱Ԩأ˵̽
ҺðɹˣȻھԿôÿ㡣
뵽ʣǲʼõҩˣ㻹ǵ𣿾һһҩ˫ݲݡ
˫ݲݡ
质˿תԼ龡һЩ˫ݲݡǴҵģ
СҲ֪Ҵġ
质ס
ǰʱ˵£׶Ҳ
˭ħ˫ݲõȥ
磡
ͬʱӰ׷ݺݴ˸磬ܵһõĹػӡѩĳЦ
󻤷ˣû°ɣǲ̫ðˣӲϲ꣬һƬ˶Ҷӵ£˸ǳĿӡ
ӵĹģֻҲ뿴Ӱ׷ϲˮ˸ղһֱվ档Ȯ಻ͬëˮγˢëһë͹Ưý
Ӵ󻤷Ȼˣ˵ȥҪЦ~ӡѩصøһҶïܵĴϣûմһˮ
ʹô䣬Ӱ׷ҲȻһȻ˦˦Ƥëϵˮڿյ˼ħ𲻾úͻˡ
ħˣһóԾħ벻ͨ质Ϊʲô𽵹ôһطһþò¶档
ħˣӡѩҲʡ
šӰ׷ס
ǻڴӡѩû׷ȥϷ˸˯ˡ
һѲɡħıһٶڣ

质Уɽһۡ
ǵʮ߳ˣҲƳһءعͷÿ质̧ͷӣôˣ
ʱ˿̣Ѿһء
ӵʮ·Ƚ˳ûټӵӰײһΣٶȼӿ˲١
ûʲô质ջߣŮǻȥɡ
⻰˵Ȼ׽ҲǿޱȣͷӦţ
ʲôһ֪ؼҵĹԳ˷ĵأ
СھͲᣬһû˹ֵܾҰһΣɵطȥһ죬ҪҲгӣȥ֮ǰͱˡ
质ȫȻ֪ԼεˣֻǿŮչüۺЦͲԾرˡ
Ψܱһȫȫţضá
֪ݡ
㻹Կ⣿
ٽ磬ʼҪʲôʱ质Ĵ𲻽šüͷ
ϲǳԹ𣿡ջϵĻСһҲԣ
𣿡质¶⣬Ŀֿؿ
ףʱԵ⣬ôͲˣ
ϧִȵձѾʧȥ˶ݵãۣߣ㵱ôʱ㿾ԣ㻹׳԰׺ҵģסôãѣ
质
质ֱӵ߸̬Ⱦ˵˼һ£ʲôѣ
ҸṩʳסͰӦҪǮҡԽ͵
Ҫ٣质ʡ
˵̬ȱʾǳ⣬ȻпǸǾԸ
Ҳʲô£ҼƬ۾ͺá
˵ţƳ˼ۣȻӾҪЩʲôæǰסʲô
质һۣ˵ģȡۡ
ֱӰۣⲻǰƤ
ǸѪܵĳĿڣξͲˣԺһһмҪжҪٸ
˵꣬ձʹóͳɣȥæˣǵóȥмҲȥ
质ŵ׵Ĭãõʢǳһڡ
ʱһյϡ

ҹĻܿ콵ˡ
һǻƣ̱Ϣ
һ뵽ڶҪֹظɻһ˿˵ͷţĨͷʶѹǿҪ
һöȻѹɲǲˣѹ
ɢ̶ֳȵϢģħˣ޵ڶˡ
ͷһɫ½ǱʱǵҰҹɫԵԽŨް
ħħˣ
Ƿ׷׻ιأΨһԲ֮
һԵĻȮҲˣҹˣڲر˶ĿࡪһҲ֪ʲôʱɦ޲ķ˿վһԡ
质ɨһһãԱħ˶ֵһߣò
ʲô˼
һüԭشת뱧质Ĵ仰ʲôǸģ
գɵĴ쿪ڣǡǻ
زٰҪ˰
Ŵ죬ӵĶҲȥˡ
质Цһһþһ¡
ҽ质û˵ʲôץĻֻѯǶЩʲôõֻһٿ޺ţͼǵħܾԼˮ֮С
Ӱ׷һֱҡͷǿҴˣħ𣬲ȥĹ
Ȼ质꼸Ŀߺ󣬲û˵κİĻƳһۣúøɡ
ֻӷ·𽩻һԭأӰ׷ͷ͵Ц˵Ҳ䵽㾳أֻҪ˸ңͻá
质ĴһҲûѯʲôʱ뿪ĵɪһߵɢᡣ
ңⳡܿͽˡ
󻤷
ɢȥʱ质ͻȻڽסӰ׷
ħ𣿡Ӱ׷ͷ峺޹
ʱˣ质ȥ󣬽ħ˫ݲȫɾ
Ӱ׷ҪǾȣıһЩ⣿
质ֻ֪֪ħްħĶȥûǮ
֪Ӱ׷ԥص˵ͷ֪质ͻȻΪʲôҲĬ𣿡
质ɫȻ޷Ҫһˡ
˭
ڹ˫ݲݵˡ
Ӱ׷һϻ˿飬Ȼѯʣħʲô
˫ݲֻħ뿴˭ô󵨡Ұ˫ݲݴȥ质ûʲô飬ϢȴȻ
Ӱ׷һû˳Ҳȷ˫ݲݣǸħˡ
ǿֻ˵Ĳҩħˣ
Ӱ׷һǰˣȴҵԼ¶ˣֻõͷӦǡ
¹죬һ䣺ħҵˣҪΣ
ܱܲס
Ρ质Цһǡ˫ݲΪˮΪʳ˶ѡ
󻤷Դ¡кμô
Ӱ׷ǰһڡ
л˵
*󻤷˵TUT
*𣺽ѣָָ㣩



ڰʮ 
, 质ͳһܴӡ
ҡΡܡ
质һԭӦеľȳԲ˳ŷŷǰҡΡ
û¿ȥ˳ָָر
质Ĭ˰, ջûѡ, ǸһͬѲ˵һء
һߵĵط, Ҳȫĵط, ƽʱֻͺá
ڳذ̧ͷ˽ߵգѩ׵ҲǴֿɼֹһ£ûЦջ֣תͷô, ӦҲ֪
质˵ͷ
Զ, ԶһͷΪ׼ĳӣֻڴ󲿷ֱȦֳأԶ, ΧС˲١
ڴҵͣҲǴ´ˡ
ˣҸԹ, һֱû𣿡ȻһʱĹӣʮֲͬ质, ̫˷ˡ
质궯˶, ̫Сˡ
ֻǸɡ
׾ٵؿͱ仯Ҳȷҹ˾һ, ˼ȥ, ûܿǵ
˵, Ҫһֱˣж󣿡
质Ƭ̶̣ˮأԶڴ̶


ԺиֳһȻ漴һ⡣
òǴеġۡɡܾǰ½˵Ļ
ȷûɫģܴ㡣
ֲôܳԡ
ۣ质ɫ⣬Ȼûʲô
Ⱥġڻǵؾʱ񵽵ۣĸס
˭
质Լ⡣
ߴð˴Ҳ˵Ͼͬһġ
质һۣ˵⻰Щףܿ϶Ůȷʵ֪ݡ
˼һϤĺڰˮԾֱһʱͣ
ڿԱߵ质
ע⵽Ķ̲סЦСڣ㿴㻹ϵóС𣿡
ϣСڵͷ质תȦĲ
质ֻƳһۣ䵭
ϲˡ
̹ȻЩ࣬ȴСͻȻø߸ߵģ¸壬ҪͷϺ
æֹСڣͣ£
ջظղŵĻСھϵóС죡
Сڼʱɲסίһߺߵˮ
ɣϸ۲˵顣
质һ˶ˮ룺ˣɣ
һʱԡ
ˣҲˡƳţ峿ɽſĲ棬ɺӸšʱڵŴ֮ǰҪ׼ɽһĲϡ
鵤ҩԭõǧǧŵӵͶɹЩҲ˵ŴǸɼţ룬ҲǷǳҪųһҪ̡
֮Ǿϯ
Ƴء԰ӹ
ЩͷۡһΣҪϡ׼ãҪԤ⿡ζʷʳ㡣Щʳ㣬ϯϴһڵ棬Ʒʺϡжȶ̫͡
̫ҲУ̫ߡųˣҲá
Լ̫գ质˰ΣѯһԵɡ
ŴȡһͨȻôøңϺڲͣĺ˶ԡգ̫ʱ䣬˵ü¶ûС
Щް㣬ؿݡ质һʱľǿ¡
ǣУܰϵæҲ࡭质Ȼ̬ȺǾ棬·ǼĻһ
Ҳпܡһ֮ǰʵ˵أζС챾±Ǵ
㶼ҪЩʲô˼Ƭ̺质𣬡ҿ԰㡣
ңܳ漴һЦͲˣ󲿷鶼㶨ˣ鷳ֻǲ㡭
ףС㣬ܺǧʲôİɣ
뵽һ㣬ЦݺȻһ£̽ʣôң
Ƭ̺ƾԵĵڶء
ڶĴܳԵ㡣ôҲпģסô˳һ
ǶƳ质ʡ
⵹áҡҡͷԴʮµĳͺáģҪô̫СҪô̫ϣ˲
á
ض质ߵߣûʲôֻ΢á
أˮƵķӿ
æ߹ȥ
ʱ仺ţˮҲ󣬺ܿ죬һ̵߳ˮԾ䵽ϡ
ֺ㷭˼£һһͣŵĴԲƺЩԹ
ۡո̾оԾӰ
⻹Զûн
ÿһ˵˳Ƭ⡣
ǣĹģ̫Ӵˡ
ҵ㣬ûЩжóԣֻ֪ҪǱκһͷϣܰ
Ķ㡭жĵطء
ʮ׿ƾӣǣֱ质󣬴紦¶һ˫ۡ
ĹȻȫĵطôңСԶᱻ
ʮµȫˮָƽ
డ½ŵĵطߣתһȦͣסŲղУǼޡ
һ١质漴һֻ̽ڣóһӨ͸ʲô
ЩʵͷеĶ
ĬãС죬㡭
һ룬˻ȥ
ʹûиʲܻͬӦĽٻڲı¡
С죬١
񣬵ﱻһбĶŻع
ǡۣ
ԽԽ죬һգƼ˱ԵǵĽɫԡ
ԭۻܵռʹ
пһСﶼͦȴһץסۿӡ
ղſ÷ǴȡģǵժƬɣ
质ԹԵ𿴣ҿſεһ䣺ôˣ
û¡ɵǺ覴õֱ϶һɿ֡
ѵ֮ǰˣժۣʵ˺
ǣҰѶóٻ㡣ɵ˵
ػˡ质ѸղŮõʱºЦҪȴ˵Ժ󣬻ǡ
ۣô˵ƶˣ
úС

质ֻգûٰæˡ
һףϸĳ㡱ʱһ츳ûá
质ʶ˶٣Ǳ˱Ƴ¼ҡϿ鱳ͼȥˡ
δʱջһ
⼸æµӰ质ڵĹģʽ˼ֲ
ƳôҲɼˡ
ɴͷһ̷ˡ
û˼ɵվˡ
ֺô质̧鱾Ƴ⻨ڵǧӡ
һͷӭղͯء
㣡
ͯػһ£ɵֻֻδ˼顣
һ֪ͯյӹлĴš
ǡϴ֣ھϸϸţתͷǰ˹أʱںɽΣ
ػ
࣬ȴҲѧٶͯڤ˼һȷ
ʣ㣬Ҵôѧʲôѽ
˷Ǽ飬ݺ⣬ȻͯأڼʱûѧЩ
ѧͯعɵش𣬡׸˺üоѧ
Ǿͺá
˷飬˼ӦøЩʲôתۼͯشǰѹպɽѧϰʱ˵ħˡ
ħ硭ͯһۣͺãš
֪~ѧϰͯغϵ˵ҾǾú档
ʮŮǰͣȻ˼Լǲѹԣ˵ʦʦ˵ħź£˸ɷҾϴȥħʱǸˡǸˣ᲻ħ𰡣Ҳװ
ꡣŻˣ㡣
ͯصԲ۾ס죬ҿ˿û˲ŷ֣Ҳ˵ˡ
ʱ䣬ͯػдѧѧԼԺÿ¶һγɹ˳ȥ
صƾӣ˱顣
Ĵġϸһ־ȻǸдšغħ¡
⺢ӻæ͵еġ
ʾ⣬ⷭͯؼǩһҳ
ħ质ϲ£ԹţΪֹ壬·䲻ð
де̫˰ɡ
ǵԭдħܻͦģû͵Ҳû͵ϮȻκεطĻϲͼӴס˵ıǰԣ
ְһԣʱĵǸȥһСͼôˡ
룬˳һ
Ƴأοؿ˻Ǳ飬кԷ
С죬ûԼ֣һֱСе㣬εĻԼְɡ
С质΢
ʲôعͷЦҪǱСҾͲСˡ
质Ĭһ£޷ʲôʲô
ʱ˿̣ǿϵͳ̲סˡ
㲻á˵òЩ𣿡
ѵ
ϵͳο㷢
ѵǴ˵еı
ϵͳ
Ȼû໰
ڷ£Ƴһۣһһ۵ԭ䣬ɰͰ͵ֵز㻹û֮ǰ˵Ҫǿħһ۾ϳ
ɲǼ䣬ͷ縲һ˪
ֻ֣ϵָȻף
šôõС죬Բʲô߰ħ
ǡ˿ǿЦʣأʲôܿ԰ɣ
质˼һ£䲢ֻϡӦòʲô
ʵ
ա
ž
һһء
л˵
Ҳţʽҡͷ



ڰʮһ 
̰׵ôʹƬһŽ, մȹһƬҲɽ质½ǼΡ
·ãһ
质״̬, ǰһ, , ȴһѵס
Լʰͺã
𻺹, ҿ质һۣԶʰƬ
֪˸ûгְæ˼˵ҲֻΪҸɰˡ
ħ֮ϣôʶ
ǡħ𰡡
룬质һ, עӰ
ЩҲ½, ˳ӹմȾϣһſ̰׵׹䡣
ȹҲһƬֻûô, ͸ʪȾһζ
Уֲϸ΢زֵ, δо»ţֻѪҺһ˲䶼ӿͷ, ǵͬʱҲЩƲס֫塣
ʵ, ڿͯҳǩʱһֲԤȻϯļ, ǲԸšֱõȷеĴ, ʹٲ, Ҳòˡ
õС죬ħ
ܿ죬վǿ򶨣ȥһ¡
һ̣质Ȼ⡣
˵֪ʵϺŮǰ̬ȵͻȻ仯ȻĲ롣

ɫӰܿԶȥҲһ㡣质վԭأһֱӰСֱʧ֮С
ƾӡ
ϷһʱĴžûһ㡣
ָϸܵʹʱ޿̲ⲻξò˵ЩڸղżĶֱ̫֪˶ٵӡ
ʵǡСħħС졣
ܺáڲ֪ν⣬
ŭЦᵽ˼㣬㲻˵ȪĶƷ𣿡
꣬ϵͳȪۿԴƷãˣΣ
ʼʣ˵СҪƷˣϾҲǼͥһӣħ𰡣ﰡܱ𣿣
ϵͳ
Դ𣺡룬֪ҰҲۣ
ϵͳ
ϵͳ𻰣Цһϵͳһֱĺܺѽ֮⣬㶼ܹҲܳƵνġƷ
ԣܸܲҡ⾿ô£

ϵͳڸһػˣصĵһ䣬Զԡ
ԭУûϸħ质ԭΪ㡣
ȷϸһ¡
еӡֻħ𴩺£ħθسܣθͯദ̼ģαسһġ
Ҳûдʲôħɫɡ
ȷԼȫģΪʱѾãܶϸϵļ࿿òϽɫ
ϢĲϣǳԿġ
ֲܿ϶ϵͳûƭ
ûһʾħĵط𣿡ţôҪ趨һ㲻᣿
еġ⣬ϵͳ̹Ҳġﴫǡ⣬ᵽɫ质Ĳ֣5069֣0֣ﴫ1077֣3992֡
ðɣĻûС
ϵͳʱ䣺ΪԭûйԭεдŲȷħˡ
ûз
ҲǣԭûдģʵͻԶȫƩǴŮдô֮ǰھͶԲ߼ˡ
ο˭뵽һܰħűŮͷħһס
룬ˡ
µֳˡ
ȵȣСħ⼸񲻶Ǹħһ𡭡
ϵͳѣǡǡ
һ˲һʱǣûħǰչֳϵͳȪۡ
һ̣޾ϯȫÿһ缡񾭶ʼ飬ָֺҲʼоεļ
¼ǰκһǧΪ
ħС죡
ħѳԵҩ
ߣħԴ
ħ
Ҫˡ
ָֿʼһһشʹ̲סͷ΢΢֡
Ѿεεĵز֪һҲ֪ˡ
ô졭˫ֻܱס
벻Ҫġϵͳʱûõذοҹ۲죬ɫ质ã״̬ȶӦ֡
ȻôĸԸô㣿
~˵ɫļӹϵͳζϣħҲУ޷԰Ρ
ϵͳһˡ
𡣡˿̵ѾֵЦ̲żɱ˽⣿
˽⡣˭ֻǸϵͳͰ͡
Ҳ뿪ˡ³һֱͦһ˿ᶨĹ⣬ѵһĳ
תۣƷš
ʦ֣뵽Ŵϵ⣬ܷСסգܸλʦʦ̽һ
ϣǰ꣬óϿõ̬ȴ򶯶Է
СסǳһЦڷ⣬ʦÿŹĪʲôˣ
˵׼
϶̹סɫ䣬͵ǡҪΪŴ׼ЩþʱͲöѹˡ
⡭¶˼ƽʦҲʣסûʲô⣬ֻǡ
ƳҪ˹ʦÿжԲߣ
ΪƳزš
ת˼շûʲôɿáŴȽܹѲ顣
Щ޵ǿУض
ҡҡͷûС
ɡܿ뵽⣬ŴȻЩʱգÿ㽫Ƴذźú󣬱
ܹҹ𣿡ŵʡ
ħҹܴͷҲ硣
Цһ£㿴ͺá
̫ˡѹĵ׵ǿʯͷ˵أô͵͵ƾӴʰ
һء
̫Ѿͷʱˡ
质̧ͷգüͷ壬ʾŶ¶ȵĲϲ
ħطʪ󣬹Ҳ۲ӦĻҲٳһŷ沢Ƕô
Ůڡ
ƽʱԷʱ䣬ԷӦѾľͰˣɽ죬ôȣûܵȵǸӰ
质Щסˡ飬ڰ߻һ·վȥסһۡ
Ƿʲô⡭
ǲΪá
质ƾ֮⣬ȴְ۲쿪ŵŴ˿̽ţҲû˵Ϣ
üǰš
ûлӦ
ʱ䣬󻤷ڳؼɻʱҲ֪Ůȥ
ýȥ𡭡
质֮ʱһ紵ڴ϶
ֽҷ̶Ҫ˺һ
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[³һС״̬ã˿ڶûʲô󰭣ǲ֪ʲôʱܺá]
[³ʮ찡СɣôֿɰһС㣬𡭡]
[ʮ壬С⣬㳤׳ɣԽԽã]
[إһСƷɼʹԸӡ]
[ܿɰ]
[ϣΨϲСˡ]
󼸶ΣּȻҲ质ƾǼ򵥵ļʽṹϳ־䡣
ֽҳָ΢΢ܿɿ
°ⲾŪˣ°ŮŪ塭
˿̣Ѿ
质̧֣ḧɢŵīζֽţһҳһҳãŵڷ紵ĵط
漴˴Ϊһ֮
ٵȵȡ质룬һܿͻˡ
Ͼôֱ׶ɰر⣬Ȼֻдֽϡ

λʦ㣬ЯССıңѺҳֿʱţˡ
л˵
#ڱƷ#
ϵͳǡҲ԰ħɼͥһӡ

ҴǣûкħԽеŮQAQȫûŮС



ڰʮ 
ƷλƳһ, 羰ɽˮÿ, ܸܵ޾
Ŷһ, ŵƶȡ
һš
һʩɢ鲼, Ǽгһֺѧ, ű˸ŵӴá
󷨵ļ̶̳ȣɽŴλͬһˮƽ
·פȫĵط
Ҳرȫ
һɷŽζ΢ƮλʦʦְѵˡűӶŸʱ׼ס
һеĵᣬ˶һ䣬ʱס, һ, ԶԾͿöࡣ
ӣѴߵ˳Ҳ˴
ѪϹѾʢ˼, ûðƾӣˡ
һҹ֮䣬ͼüǶġ
ϸϸ», Ѿеˡôãʼ½, Ψһ㣺ܲȾ, Ȼ㿴
ó¯ϵ, ٹþܳɹˡ
Űָͷŷ쿴һ, ǰһ, Ϣٴδ
ƷлƣԼǵޣƷյҲǵޡҩƷ֮
;ۻƷ֮壬ԽӴߵﶼһӳӯԵģ࣬Чʸߣϵĳ¯ҲߣȾҲԽࡣ
˵ţҸʱȥлġ
νŴõϵ⡱
ɤӣúúôࡣ
һΪֲռ˼ά˫ͼȵƤƽôҲ벻ȥˡ
ħ˵ˡȥ
ʱô˵ûӵĻ϶ˣ
ħʱҲ˵˵ʲôʲô֮Ϊʲô
ǡǲʱδԲԣ
ϵͳֹΪһϵͳ质ʱ˵ĻΪεʾԼһ٣Ǿ˵ˡ
ħӦͷ۵ģ˭
ﾲһֿʼ̲ס˼롣
ʱȥƳأЩ޻Σ
С·ٺòĽˣϽ뿪ãҪǣ
߱֡Ǳָ֣Բ˵ܲߣ
ӦܰɡôҲޡ
𲻶ֿʱһ˼
ʦã𣿡
ǰš˵ҲƷżΣŵ˲Ϥ˭أ
һɬЦŵʦǰмŵġ
ʦ㡭ʲô𣿡һۣʡ
ʵҵ¯ҩвһʱˣɷΨʦܶڣʵڲɡʦǱסҾš
˵λʦɫˣȥƳ㣬ǲˡ
ңɣʦ㣬ûҴ˰ɣ
ʦ΢ͷʳָعһ𣬡ʵ¯ҩֻñͣĸʱһʱ𽥽ȴܿ¯
ָóͬԪء
ǲ𻰣ʦżԽżԽİͣҧͷѻ˵꣺¯ҩϼѪ׼ΪˣΪһʵĻʦܣǡǡǡ
سһ˲䣬ʵĻʵң˵ʦǺͻƵĽƣ֪ܲܳɡ

𲻾ǰ¼ѼֺԭһãҡͷܾǸʦ㣬츳ʵڲУҴδӴЩ°ʦĵҩŪұ˸á
¯ҩ״ʵڿǣʵûа취Ҳʦãһæסϵſ򣬡οô츳أ
һ㶣л
л˵ģ
԰ǵĽǰ޹ֹһΣ˵ļѣţн
𣺡
Ȼ𵱳㱻ͽܵˡ
л֪Ѿˡ
ʶ߬߬ʮָһֱӦЩһȥлָæǾͱ¶ˡ
ðɡ˾ֻһԣСĻһ¯
Ƕһ˵⣬ᱧԹˣɬʦ㲻ɬˣسŵסԼ죬ޣûʼ֮ǰ˵һأ
̣ҲסԼ졣
ŵӶšԣ磬Ӧ˵Ͻ

ʱһ
Ʒһһ¯ʮ¯ʰ״֣޶ȵؽʱı˳ɹ
һ䡣ʦָĵһ
ܴվϺü˴´ࡣûдŵĲֽ֪ǽĶ¶ȺܸߣΨϷһͨڣŲʹϢ
һȥͿ¯ǰس
ԭ׳˼֣ͦȴĶѿˡ¯µĻϵĺ֪ȳĻǳʱû۵ġ
Ǹ¯ӣʡ
õ¯ҲһȦƵͼһȦ̷죬һɫĺ«״سԴԴϵĻ¯汻ƿ÷죬Ŷʮˡ
һʱˡʦߵسԣ¯棬ʦˣ㻻˰ɡ
سеĻԽԽСϨ𣬻أվҡջعͷ
ʦ㣿̲ż־ϲ
ʦܡһͷߵԭĵطλá
ʦ㿪ʼⵤ¯
Ϩһյڱ棬һ¯ϡ
¯ǡת굤ϳˣſţгˣţ³ˣֻһˡʦ۾ΣͿʦĹлϳˣҾͷһţ
ðҲƾܡת굤ԭ˵ˣ׹ҲΪʮǰлɹһΣ˺Ҳû
ǾͿʼɡʦ¶һ۵ı飬κλ˵ȥͲٸģǴɡ
ͨղŵĽܣ˽⵽¯ԭʵǽ£ֻҪƺó¶ȣߺ͵Ͼͺá
̶ֳȵġÿˡ
ôţһ峺͸ıɢŲݺӵĺһذģ
ۡ󼸸ӷп
ʦãǼʦֵĶã
Ψи¯ʦҪϸ񣬡ʦã㻹ñٴһ𣿡
ɵؽ
Уõ¯̫죬Сһ㣬ֻġ
ñֻȭͷС
У١
ʮκʦ̾Ϣǵһɡ
𣺡
ԭ磬ôҪѾȥιˡ
һʱĺܿ죬ƬƬ䣬¯ײҲصԭɫ
ʦСش¯ǣƿһ˿϶Ļյۡ
ˣ
ſǻۿͨ졣
ƷϣһƬϼ̫ɫĹõĳӳۼͬʱɢ
ͬʱڵһε质ҲƬϼ
û뵽˱²С̶ֳȵĵҩҲͳ
质Ƭϼڶôĵҩɵøпһ
ܿ죬ջ˼ڳرߵȴ
ǵȴĵڶա
峿磬磬Ůûгֱ֣Ҳ磬Ȼš
Ǵδй
质ǰֳľŮÿն׼ʱ裬ʳΪˡ
ѵʱʲô鷳
󻤷˵ʲôʱ
ߣҡԣһҰ׽֯Ӱ
ߺ质˲ֹޣŬɻΪħָʹҲսľˡ
Ӱ׷Ц⻹ǹأħһ㶼ѣ
ô
Ѿ质˵յ£Ƭ̺˺ģħ𣬻ǹѾ֪ݡ
֪Σ质һƯҰ˵Ҳǲ黳
ħһͷ麣ˡ
Ӱ׷̣ǼΪԼϴ󿪽⣺˵ԵֻǸ뿪ˡ
质ƳһۣӰࡣ⻹ŮѧĴʡ
Ӱ׷
˵ʵֲţ
Ӱ׷ˣ߻ѽļӰ¼质λƶıÿǩֻѺȻҪģ
ĵһأΨʣһĨĿӰڴһԡ
质Ųžˮ棬˼Ʈ죬˼ˡ
˵˼ζ
л˵
ֻϰˣbushi



ڰʮ 
ϼһ, ŴɽͷƼȥɫůֲ࣬÷ԲƼ
ò˶, ͻˡһӸ̾, ҲһܿƬϼ, ʱ˵̽һ
ÿڳĻԻͳɾ, мŻѧϰΪǱһ´ȣ˳ˡ
ҲٱЩ˲ੲݼʱˣԼһ˾áʦＫģ飬ϷֹһΡ
˵˼, ʦתͷ, ¶ɬЦǶлʦúʦܣû, ¯ҩ϶ˣбҩҲ˷ѵۡ
˵꣬¯ȫ򿪣¶ԲӨİɫ, һһŸ
ѵ
˵, 𿴼Ư̴˱ľй, Сպװһҩ裬滹һƯĽɫСۡ
ŵ, һһʦľ, ɫ޲ǡðݳһԲ, ƵļӰѵҩгں۸ǣ
õöת굤
ʹźʵľУҲżҩƢֻ˵䱦䱦һţͷ־ѡ
ԭöҩͯصõȻسˡ
̧ͷسسҲڿƺľɽ󣬾ҪҪãȥ󣬾ĬĬ
ôһԱȡǲֱ̫Щ
˵ĺӣֺʵĸо㡣ҺǴڣֿԳ֮Ϊ䱦ĵҩҲãƾдá
ȻҲûõ
⾫µĵʱеӽˣ˵лˡ
ʦ̴ȥתͷ뵽Ԯ۷ʦܣʦãȻȥɣһҪʱ
лԺ͵Ƕس˵ġ
سͼƾܣ赤ҩҲգġ
û˵꣬ʦͻæ˳ȥسʣ¼Ӵӡ
ܿ죬ˡ
ڻȥ·ϣյϵͳʾ
ʾڶѷ100%뾡鿴
ʾѷ100%뾡鿴
ʾĳѷ100%뾡鿴
ӵڶصʮ߳أǰѶѾɹ˷ӵ硣һ󣬾͸÷ּʺ彡ġ
ȥ
һػôһħǣͲɵͷƤ顣
һǶħη壬Ƕôʱħô࿰ȡֵ¡ÿһ룬һƤ̲סʮȡ
ⱲӶμɡ
ԼգȻ˼֡
ʦ㣡صסʱس
عͷŷŵȣ˿۽նһɫãȻɫɽֵһ
سô˴ԼҪ˵ģҼǵƳʱڣʦҪ˰æʡ˶٣ȥƳؿû뵽ʦҲ
Ҳѣ֮ǰ˵ĻسȥˣȻҲʡ
̫꣬ò̫뱨ܾˣҲǱ¶æԸ
ֻ˵ҺûֱȥƳأ
ʱֱӸħϣһ־档
һͬʦܣһǰС죬ħð˭
Ҳܷ˵˰
ôţȰ裬βãƳǱҶˣҪ֡
˵仰ʱʹġ
س˵ͷŲȴٳδ
һ𣬡ʦܿɻб£
֮Ƭ̣سڣȷһ£ʦæָ㡣
ʲô£档
سչֳǹ츳ڵ˼ʶԽǰ
ôˡⲻһˣ
سĬһԵƽѧҵ֮ѡһѧ֮·ܻͷӦξ񣿡
Ȼѧϰ𲻼˼سζ˾Ҫѧϰ׳Ŭϴͽ˱ΪѧҵȻ֤
˸ӣ㿴ɽͯʦã̶ΪͻͽǰδӴ޵ȴ츳֮ˡиգҪˡ
ɣŮ
֪ˣлʦ㡣س˼һɫȣǾʲôʹȥ
һ

Ǽչȥˡ
质ûȵǸϤӰ
Ůóҡϣ质ţóѾĹ̫εġƳ¼
ûһˣֱϣԼҲۡ
ƳܱߴԴԴϵҲ档ǰ̵˿ֻʣһʱգʧ
~
Ϥս质õۣڰ׵İƬеһˡ
Ůڵļգʱ顣
󡣡质ˣСǰߣѿӵҡβԶĲݵϣֽ˼ڴߴ
Ҳԡ质üͷ΢壬˵˺ܶΣ㲻ٹˡ
~Сڲͷȥβ;𼸸֦˹ѧƽʱӽǴһóһϡ
质Ƴһֱۣ󻤷ڵĵĳȥ
ôҲ벻ףƬȻѧŮչΪҪһչˣǾ̫Цˡ
ϵ̬СڼתȦȦദ˺ܾõĻѾüûԷˣȥҪˡ
质ıӰСԹϸϸ˼£תͷƽʱȥĵطȥ
ʱƷš
ôҲû뵽лƻڽ
֮ǰλʦСлŽҷŹӦòôá
ǰȥлλ¡
Ѿܾûλˡ
ȻһϮ£üĿ䵭ףʳɣδ֤ȴȻɾķ绪
ˣԷһ̧ۣ¶ǵӣûΪʦʵС㡣
ڳ˻Ȼ
ǴδŹ£û뵽λʦþȻز¶֮ǰôı£
ֲܰæ¯
лƵڷڣü
ôܷڣһǡʮ춼Ͳ塣ʱ˵ܰͻơ
˵ɵֹʵһ£ֵ롣
ҡͷڣ־ڴˣл½⡣
޷л̾ϢһʵڲԸǱ㲻ǿ󡣡
Ҫϸɾת굤ϸڣΪּʮ궼һ¯ĵҩ¼ɲᣬ޾ϸС
żһ㲻ؽˣлƱɷŹڰʾԳȥˡ
𾪵ĿУ˳ȥ
û뵽ֻôɡŸղ￴һдЩһֱŵˡԭá
ȴû룬һţͿһƵĺڰƬӷɹ졣
Сڡ̽ػһ
ϻ䣬ǸƬӾͼӿٶȷ˹
ԡ֡𰲸СڣϸβʹӲϳ
~СڷĽ۾
ôˣѵƳسˣ
ࣣ
ҲѰǣŰæʱ뿪ţصƳء
˵ʵ⼸һֱ᲻ѣѾ񵽵ӦӦûһۣΪСڣջǾص
һ·𶼼СģעŲóֵӰΨĨɫ
ʮΪֹ˳ʮʱһƬӰ̶ǰһڣǸδ̤ʯ
˭
յת̫ͻȻ˺һſľ
վԼǰ质ʱ˱㽩Ӳ˵
ܸܲҡ⼸գȥ
һƬհףǿԼ侲˵Ļ⼸գšæ
𡭡
质ȵĺߡŵضΨһɱ˷֮£ҲһƬ̫ˣֻһֵʪ
˵Ǽٻ质Ȼ˹ǣңΪҪܣ
ƽֻܼ˻ȻӣٿҲֻǻһ㡣һ̣ͻȻǳȻЦ⣬ֻȻһѪҺƶӿͷ
Ҫħɱˡ
ЩǱƿĿ⣬ٿ质ڶۡ
еһա̵ˡ
л˵
𣺸оֵһ¡



ڰʮ 
ռŵʯ, 뵭ɫ֯һһʵɫ
Ĭã춼ûһ
ڰĿռܰһзŴ, Լҵ, в֪ǽ, мǾޡ
֪, ȥȾҪվˣսȭָ״ʹԼڿڣС
ԡ
ħ
Ҳԣû׿ء
աƬ̣û뵽ĸϵĳνͬţѣ
ȴ, ֱӿ, ռŵĵطԵʮֵͳ֪˭ˡ
⻰˵ȷֿ϶һ˿ı⡣
ã͵̾һ, ǡ
ûлӦ
¾ɣΪõ˵һЩӦڣҲһ̶ȵ׼ͿĴ㡣
ȻԷܾöû˵һ仰, õ̲ס̧ͷһۡ
òiīɫԨһ, ͸
⼸ɽ, ڶң
ǡҲǡ质һʯͿȷʵ
ٿһ, Ͳɵ, ûκ˵¡
˵, Ҳûйϵ质ұͱ˼ɵϾڵӡ޿ɺǡ
Ϊάеˣһ˫ü۽֮չ̫࣬һ徻ɽˮī
ϲõģ飬̲סöԷֻĺˡ
ħ𡭡ħôģ
ʹô룬Ҳѵ֪ǰ˼ʹֵٲɷħҲСˡ
ôһ룬ͦܡ
һᣬСֱӱ׽ɿãõԶ
质ĪЩȴ֪Ǵ
ͷһ۱ע⵽΢΢ۿ
ң
质뵽ǰ֪ħˣ޲սһ֮ࡣ
ԸŮҲ
质Ŀϸµɨӣ˳Ľһգ֮͸ˮ
ҲûС
㡣ͷ۾˵Լһһιġ
ﲻԡ
̧ͷ۾Ѿȥֱۣ׵˵ֻ룬úһûˣûҡ
质ֱ׵ˡ
һʧЦҲǻ𣿡
һ򴽣Ҳŷ֣ҵͷľȻħ𡣡
ҹС졭ħʲôϵ质գգۣƺ͸һɿζ
һǴ
˻Դȵؿ质ȴֶԷҲؿûа㿪Ц˼
ħƢƺкõöࡣ
ԭ飬质ӡسԣ粻޵ضԴͯء׿Щԭģ质ȷû˽
ȻҲû˽⣬ϾǶƶŮĹˡ
ȻħԼС죬鵱¾ͺ˲٣ҲôƳص£⼸ҲڣƳصǲǶˣ
ûУҶ㶢ˡ质ش
Ǽޣ֪һСʹԭˡ
ħվǰ˭
ôļ๤ڣӷģǣ֮ҲҪˡ
㲻ң质۾
û£ɽϵ»û꣬Ҫȥס졣΢ЦȻС˵黹ڣָʹһҲС
ûƭ㣬ȷʵҪЩҪ¡Ƴ质ոץ֣ɿ
质Թ֡ղһʱСľץˡ
ȼ⼸ǵǩ𿴼ҡϷŵǱƳ¼ʶʣ㶼𣿡
质ס
ԥһ£ǡٰҸæ
˵Щڣûһ˸ħæܾ͸Ρ
û뵽质ֱӦģһǲܡЩһ
𲻽ΪǼĬ
质ȵĿصţֱú󱳻

ŵʮƽҲʮֵ
ÿ糿ŵӳϾҪ¯ǰܾãҲҪһǿǡٳȥԷ硢硢ϣͶʱ䡣
Ҳ͵һ춼ûһ˸˵
Ƴʱżм·ĵкȫһ˵Ĺ¼š
ϲù͸ˡ
Լɽһ껹ʱʱѲ飬ǵķʱ͵Դˮһײ㣬ĹӦҲ൱ʱ֮͵лҲһֻ۱һֻۡ
ٴŴһʱ䣬лҪ˰ɡ
Լǰĵûзħû˶֣ԸС֣û뿪ڡ
Ѿסϰ˰ɣ
ϵͳͻȻһʾع
ڶس㡭ջ񣡡
س㡭ջ񣡡
ĳس㡭ջ񣡡
ء
˵𡭡Чʣȸħǰ;
ϵͳô飬ϵͳֳܣĿǰѡΪ̨
ϤȴԶʣһ£ȴϵͳ˵һ仰
̨ÿָλһεϡжȣϵͳ+100~10000
ʼλã10ã
ʾ̨趨λãֳڣ趨ּ
ϵͳɢ֮ɫ¶ϸ΢ĹŹ֡
ϵͳһΰѾֵ˵ǰһ¹ܵá
֮ͬ䡭ôࣿ
ôѾְڳˣʡ
Ϸ򡣡ϵͳԼ࣬ңϵͳѴ׶ΣΣԤܼٽ
ʣ٣
ϵͳֲ˵ˡ
ȻĪıܺˣΪӵбϵͳġõԼģħ췢ĲῳɽͷҲܾʹ˷ɾ衣
Ǹʱ㵽֮ǰǵñ־侫
Ŀʱ
һʱŵѧҵлơ
лŽлƽѧʱ
Ϊ޵ԣܽ󲿷ŵӴ룬һΣͦټġ
ǡѾ꣬лֻʾ¿ˣžѧñ΢Щ
ߣлŴʱƳµĻڸŽꡣ
л̧ʲô
һ£˶͵͵
֪ŴڸŽʱҲƾϷ֮ǰ󲿷ֶЩŵģƩ塢ͻ֡ʫԡеȡ
һһȥ󲿷ֻˣûµĶҲȤȱȱŴȵҲһһ١
һ˸ȤĻܴٽɽҲΪ档
㡣֣ص˵֡
л¶һŵҲ۷׷ס
ܿ죬ѧְ
лʣ֪ƳصĹҲ£ȴˣΣָù˭ڿ˻ģǼ鷳ġ
΢΢һЦ֮ǰ²⵽ΪʲôûгɹӦе⡣
⼸ʱҲȥҹƳصʦ㣬ѯǵ޷Ǽ⣺ϡжȸߵţĴ͵㣻˶Ӳù
Ϊһ䣺汻
ϵͳĵ̨ܣȫõ⡣
ԼЩܵʲô㣬ܶһλܵڻ᲻˳˶ʱ͵㡭Ŵ֮ǰлѾ󷨰ˡ
ǾΣлӡ
ӾÿСһ˵ŴȵѾδ䶯ƶܿЧ
ӷ׷׸͡
ǱȫȨȥˡлö
æӦ£Ʋס
һ£ŴգֻҪţͿԿŵĵӸ׹ϵͳļӾʾͣ졣
ۣ̫ˬˣ
л˵
𣺶Ծȫҹ()



ڰʮ 
ħ𡣡
õ, Ӱ׷˵Լ˵ȴһֱû˵ĻѾˡ
߸ߵʯͷԱߣһĨӰ, Ҫһ, ű߱
ػڻƽɵ, Ѿԭûֿ, ˣæʰ
Դӵ񣬵һʮ߳ضħǵӰ
ڿҿңҵҵ꣬δһȱϯ
ܺ, 󻤷Ӱ׷
ʱ˿, Ӱ׷ԼҪĥƤģ̾˿
Ϊ󻤷Ҫ, Ҫн˾ɻҪʿ䣬ࡣ
һȻҲ˴Уϲݹ, һ߳һ߼Цͣ
Ӱ׷, ʱֹ, λ¾ҪԹˡ
ڣۿС޿Ҫ̱, Ӱ׷ڴ󵨵˵˾仰, ͼħڵĿĲ
, 质ڸش
վڰߵӰ΢΢תͷĲֳһµļӰ
Σ
Σ
Ӱ׷质˵ʣʧô꣬ħˣǺòװҵͷûаǵţʹ
ҡ
ԣ˺һʣʲôʱ
ûоͷĹ֪ʲôʱܽһԽԽ꣬ȷлش𰲸һ¡
꣬ڴţȴû质Ƭ̺󣬵û˵
Ӱ׷ıýӲ
̧ͷŵؿ质õһ䵭ʵĿ⡣
ðɡӰ׷ĵΪԼħеѹĳ̶ȣ֪⣿
ǿȥһҲ찡
˵󻤷»صԼĹλʼ˼Ϊħܰ˴ڡ
ȻⱲӶѻصħˡ

ִ˼վȻƳء
⼸ϵͳʾû֪ͣЩ޸ɵж̲סȥǰʰʲô̶ȡ
ħļලŪ
ʦá֪ɽϢʮʦʦУٶ
˿пԼõͬꡪһβ빦ȴȫĵҩ
Щ챻ȥ¯Ĺˡ
Щǵлϣ㲻Ҫʦ
ΪʦʦæͺãЩ˼˼ƾһ£Щļʮ¯
ΪԼ޺ħ𵱹˵ıӦɡ
ͬŻѰĴͳ£Щлˣһĵ裬һ̵߻Ƴء
ܿ죬ԲҰ
Щԥ
˵ħ̬Ƶʮȷٽ֮ĵһأյĻֹǰ
һĹһ£δӦԼʲôʱˣžͿȮҡβʹɽʯ·Ҫж
Ȯģʵںÿ׼ͷȣ˳ƤëýĳȺͻƯȮĽëŨܣ¶һɫͶ繣Се޹
أ¶һ顣
Ӱ׷ҲвȻͣסŲ
̽ؽС
㡣ֻȮǺǰһ˿һΪıɹˡ
Ȼ֪Ǹ˺У;ôһ̬
ãһ˵оͶˡЦŶԻȮ˸ЩˣȳŹΣͺúϢһ°ɡ
˵꣬质ڵλȥ뿴Ƿǰһ
Ӱ׷Ĵ԰˼Щ￴ԭʱ̽ġ
ֻΪ˵˻
󻤷Ӱ׷ƼˣԼ뵽质
Ѳɡħ⣬ֻԭһ㣿
Ӱ׷Լˡ
˵ħֳȥܱ˼Сùòλ϶ɵģ
ˣΰħԵԭ㡭Ѹİ
Ӱ׷ԴҳһʱѾӵһһȦˡ
ûҵĿ꣬ʣСأ
ʹ˲ֹһΣӰ׷ҲȻΪָеЦòסЦħڵʮء
𵽵ʮʱֻ۾̵è䱧һŵеһԾǴųѵˡ
Էվڰߣһ
ű߲Ļ
С졣һ
质һ£漴ת䵭鵱ࡣ
ȥȫȻûע⵽ҵŵһ˿ЦצӶʧ
ӴӰ׷Ǽһ˵ûû֣ħˡһֱΪӡѩצӲ˲Цᡣ
Щ㡭׳۵ĳذһϵͳͳƳĿ֣Ѿ๻ˡ
ǰǴμ棬񡪡ÿӵĳ㰴
ԭ˶ԷԸŪ׼ȴû뵽ʮϸ£̶̼ͽʮ߸ɵֻʣ
ֱֳħš
质۾ɢĹ⡣
质һ㶣ΪĿĵһ˿ϲãԾؾ΢Ц
ͣʩĶתʵбô
ոոϵӰ׷һŻħɱˣ
ҡҡͷûˡ
ϯƷ͵ҩԭѾ룬ģֻڸ׬Ǯ;ϵˡ
Ϊ˺ϳɸʸϡе㣬ǰϷѲǴͷ
ţʱ򣬵ǵһΣ˿ṵ̂ɣ
ԣӰ׷ħȻˡ
质ʵش𣺡ֻʣһۼԡ
˰̺ð졣
𵱼ʦʦĵҩѳһСѣһóһۺСӣ
ǵʲôյһλʦ㵱ģ;˼壬գȥ̡
ĺѵҩݹȥû뵽质ûнӹƺһ
ⶫɲء
һ˲䣬ôƾܵԭ
С죬ѵ³ҩ
ЦƵ˵Ҽǵʱ㲻ų⣬ҩ
质һĬ
ȴһμ䡣
Ǹʱ̫أ뾡취˿ϣǶҩ߲ܡ
Ǹʱ򡭡ŮЩյΪ
质ɫӲˡ
𿴵鳩죬ʣһɢκв
Ͼôһ仰ܺˣֻҪԼΣεľǱˡ
Ѿڸûˡ
质Ĵ΢üͷЦᣬˣʳںҲɺϲ㶼ܳͰ˺ǲ˵㡣
Ͱ
质ɫĲڡ
һ͵Ӱ׷ӡѩһۣħͱٹ𣿾ȻԷô࣡
Ҳε޵ݵħˬˡ
ˣ໥ġ
ħƢк̫࣬ô˵ҲգȻΪ˵ԭô
ڵʮشûúȻһ֮ǰýָ򣬱˵һز鿴
Ǽ޶δΨĨӰĺ档
ֻˡվûô滺ˡ
ǰţƣһֱûлͷ质ںţķŵøӻ
峺ĳˮӳŰߵӰıɫʣƶ˽˽ŵס
̲סƳˮĨӰӣʱʱ۲ŶԷ
ǲǸ˵ʲôšü˼ţһƳʱȴȻӰˡ
أ
ͷܼžĻţһ룬һƬˮȥ
ͷ˲֪ʱ˴㣬Դˮ棬һ˫Բ۾
ϲ
㷢ħɵܿüᶨ˰ա
л˵
𣺣




ڰʮ 
һֱƳص㣿ôԣ
质˵Ǿ仰, ֱӵԲ۾
벻𣿡
ҡ
ѵ׳԰׺𣿡

һҪÿͰϣȻŸ㣿

ǣôˡֲ
质ͷŮĹĵ, ÿɰͬʱֱ⼫˷ת̬Ūˡ
֪ܱ֮ǰûں
Ĭһ, 质ϵû˼
ǾͿվڰ߳¿, ûаϧ˼, һѻŸء
˵գӣʼʱڹ˹ϵ
质ڳг˼һϰΡ
ȷƽڵǰľ׵Ů˽ôŹ, Ѳ͸˼
ô, ѾԼ˰ֻԸʵ˼¶ǰ˶ѡ
տŮдֽϰ⣬质ĵ޶˷һƬ
پë, ȴ֪磬һܺʹ˷

ʱյ⻹ǿʢ
ڵڰ˳ǫ̃
ϵͳʼʮ׹ߣݵ桢͡ľͰڽǷŵõλúϵͳͿʼ¼ڵ̨ۼƵĵͳɹ
һͺ, 质ǰʣǺ
ؿһۣ㲻֪
ħûⶫ质عͷ, µĲջɾ¿, ˫īɫӳųĵıƽұ, ˼䡭Ҳȥ
质˵ʵ
ļ, ˽ĽӺ, ȴṳ̵̂ĵط˲֪أ̥ǣ޳Ρ
ٺȥħ硣
ûȥ˼䰡۾ذŪϵߣһʣħ𣬴ȥһô
Զ۰ˡ质ش
ΣϵĶͣȻƵĵ˵ͷ
ԭûдħϸƽ·ֻΪ˴ٽŮһѹؿ
Ͼʵòԣֻħ޼ˡ
ңǮ
ֻǵ˷ɵϡͷ;ж󰡡
̲סִ质һۣСĶͯظȤΪ˵Ǹòɢǰ
ǸԾ⡣
ҪȰħĳط֮ġ
Ƭ̺ڰʮȫֻǰվͺá
ڴ֮ǰиҪ顪
ʦ㣡ؾѾˣȥطɽ
·ʦûһ质£̽ͷһ䣺֪ˣ
ؾ¿ĵһؾжɹҩʳ٣ͨ
һؾΪ㣬ŮʽֵѰ֮·˺ÿһؾ̽ǶԴ䱦ؼ
ǵãؾʼسͯ˾ʽˡ
ϧദ֪ǿسչͯءô趨
ڣͯزûԭôҲҪչˣôһġ֪һ䶯
ϸ룬һװ׼ȴһס֡
Ŵͷȵƽס质Ŀ⡣
֪ΪΣܾ۵״żΣ練ơ
Сܴȥ
ʱ质ʮʧ䣬ȴȻ
⣬֮ǰ˳֣βŽֳһֱֻĦͼǹ̵ȶȡ
̲סǳ⣺ôô˵֣ı˻㡪ͽӣ
һ£ҵһ质Ĵʡ
Ҫǿħķϣ볢ʲôζˡ
㲻Ǳˡ质Ŀ⻺£ģȥмֿ㣬ôͬ𣿡
һҭ漴ԼչʾܣǺĪ
ǵȻһ˦һ䣬ֱٳǰͨͨˡ
ͽ质˼ŮʱױôȴҪ룿

ط壬λʮһϣеͣɽͷ࣬ϼɫÿ峿վ⣬ܿӰ
ٹһʱ䣬ܿϷˡ
εؾط壬ܱ߿ʼҶһҶ֮С
𵽴ʱؾѾˡ
Դ˵ûʲôڴ޷ǾǸؾǴһŵΧڵز̽ģֻŵӡ
ûȤ
ؾط֣û¶棬ֻпջµӡ
СؾܶΪ˵ŵӿϣöŵӲԸ
ԭҲö
ʹһ۵ģǶŮչĺ档
ؾſڣسͯصӰһ۾ֻܿվúԶسһվţ֪Щʲôͯطߴߴؽʲô
ԶԶأطǸӦĵ̧ͷһۡ
ЦŵȻ֮𣬿෴ϵװǳضԼúɴ˰档
ΨŮ׵磬ֹϺᷳư֮ˡ
ͯĵôģҲʦԵʡ
㣡ͯططĿ⣬תͷϲΪһԶسҲ𣬺ܿ˹
Ů
˿ǰˣᵽΪһ֪˵ѹ
ѧϰٳɴ󷨺Чˡͯأֻǿ˶Էһ۾ͱͷĿȼս⡣
ڶʱڣŮ˰ɡ˿תطò⣺Ʒ
Цŵ䣬һͷǻӦ
ע£̤ؾسͯء
ؾؽůȵҶֳ֦ƾ
һƬŲ֪ҶĵϣܿǳǳˮݣʢˮҲӳܳȻƵľ
ڽ֮ǰ˵ؾֻһǳǳĺһЩϪûʲôر㡣ΪƳصƹˣʵҲԡ
û㣬бİ
û˹涨һŵӲԼΧĶûпõġ
ĬĬӽͳһڴ
Ư
ߵͯشؿ˾ɫһ̧ͷڴһɣ
һͯصĶͷֻЩûһ𡣡
𡭡ͯЩʧ䣬ֿ˿Աߵس͵͵ȥû֪ɣ
ΣΪǻôǽ𣿡
ǡ
ǻǡ˵꣬ĵҵʱ
ÿŮҵأΣգЩһȫ֪ȥ
ر趨һΪŮ飬ٶн⡣
ʦ㡣سʱҲ˹ע⵽彣ǱΪ
ԭһֱسıδҲὫħͱԴǲ֪ڽΪķʲô̶ˡ
ֲʡϾӦȫʶѽŶԡ
һ£ڵ۾͸ĹʣʦһʵΣգǽȥкη
ǿ϶ǲС
Ҫǽȥ˵ؾҲˣ֪Ǵڵı
Ҫܾͯؾ͸͵ѽһẦ£˵ߣ
ǲ¡
سЦʣǷǹأ
Ǳ˵ġسңǽ𵤺ڣͯʦǽ𵤳ڣҲᷣúء
⻰ͯ¶ޣһǲΪϵĲࡣ
ۣСӺѽ
𲻽̾س̶ʱܷΪԼ츳ڹĺغ
һȣħ񶼺ʵˡǼһֻҪϳԣҲߡ
룬Ǿܾسĺ⣬ߴ˸Ͻ
ԼһƵȦʵҶ
ۣеعϣ

ؾȻһƽܿ죬һʱԺˡ
ڵҩģҲȻʳģڿǵĵһ뵽ľǡڿԼӼˡ
ʱһʱ䣬ȥһ԰Ҫ˵ϷۣתͷƳȥ
£ĨɫӰɰԭأ뿪ʱһֱûж
质ȷûж
ߺӰ֮УԳˮſԼ
мڵ·ҲƫƧĵطŲǱظȫΡ
ȷᱻָŮ鷳¡ֻϣĵһʱ俴
˿̣Ѿ߽ˡ
O@ĽŲӶߴ质ӣڷ󣬽Ϣ̻
һ룬Ůһ˦滹һ˶ĺӰ
质δӦʲôȴΪ⶯ʶѹס˷ıܣֻǽӲ΢΢̧ͷ
ңǺӰֻмʱͣסˡ
һǼƿʱԵķй֮޲
质գգۣʲô
ŰĿعϣľżƵһɵ¶ɻ
ɹɵ
ң˵ָ˺Ļֽӹĸӣһ
Σߵߣѹ̵ĵعϴЩ˵Ƥ¶ɫ⡣
ԡ𣬵ݵ质ߡ
л˵
Qӡʲô
质õعң



ڰʮ 
ؾֻ˶̶졣
ָ˼պ, ˮؾʯؾԭؾӶؿ
ЩСؾôţߵͲ˷ֻƵؿؾڹȥе, Ǹע⡣
˾ò̫, ΪؾⶫԵ, ʱϵ, Ҳûɡ
Ե֡һʮؾҲпܵġ
ؾֻ֮ȥˮؾ˸תٺؾûٽȥ
ԭ̫ˡ
СؾͨµӵΪÿؾһʲ䱦в곤ĵҲȥټϺؾ, ȥɼϵŵڶ, ؾ˸ǲ֪Ρ
չһʮ߸
Ǹ졣
㡭㡣Žŷ·ڰߵ质˰֡
Ҫ¸ɡ
质⣬ϵһŲ˼
ֶ㷨й, ͵Լ˼λʦʦ㣬ñܿǡ
质ɨһ۰ʮĵ̨ƽʱ֮ͬ
ǿһͰն˰Ͱˮ, ԱߵҲʵ
ûǴ, ⶼ󻤷ٿڳġ
质ü, ϣϲƳء
㡭Һ޲ô
ħޣųһǰ㣿
һǸ, òֱӡ
Сܾ, һô죿ҡ̫ۡ
ɲô, ĺɫ͸˵ܱһˮͲḷֱ̌ûͻˣ
质Уͷ˿Լ¡
ԭ㣬ɫ죬ǻʱҲǳ졣
ħʱŨħ֮Уܱһ
Ǻã
质תһȦ²˵Уһ˵ˣôһֱħ˾Ͷ㣬Ϊʲôװİ磬˶Ŀأ
ϾĴħǺڷ£Ǹһ·ô
ⲻðɣ
䵹ҳһɫۺ󣬻ûôӰ׷
ôãʡ
ħҪԼĿ⣬Ӱ׷̲סſ˼ɢӲͷƤǡǱϾħ𡭡
˼
ΪħıԼԭĿǵСų˲Żɵ¡
ΪħҲҪ˼ħ桭Բԣ
ԣԣӰ׷ͷͷƵĿ质
һۣͿ
áû¶ħ˼һħ𲻺˼ܾ
质ǰӹ·ֻһ£ϣ˲ڸɫʵ
̫ˡ
质ݿ˿ûŹ롣
ûϵʵʵţ㲻ע⵽
󱳵壬·ǵȫף滹һЩͼ߰īɫɷǺÿ
껨ʯɫˡ
ĥһ£ıȥشţԷʱٳ
˵գͳ˸̵Ķ괵˴ָ⡣
ħ»
质ŻŸտ¶ȵĺָⱻ̵΢죬ȴûиоƵıյĶ
һ߶ȥɡ㲻̰Ҫ֮ǰһϣȴۼط质ָͮͮæǰۡ
˴ϡжǡŸùϵҪۣ̻ﶼʧ
ʶҲ˴Ȼ̧ͷʣ𣿡
ۡ质ӣָ̯΢΢
ƺ⻹Ůһǣ֡
Щԡ
ǰһָգգ̧ۣͷͶ质Ŀ⡣
ӲͷƤ֣Ƥ񡣡
˵˺ʮ޹ƽˣ
ãһ䣺úôţͷҲصڰ˳ȥ
̨ռƻС
ǰʮʦʦԼˡ
߹ȥ˸кͿʼǽԼúõĵ̨
Լǰ㣬ΪǲԵ̨Ƿãζ˵Ļ޶ë
İɣҲһѺֻ֣Ҫʦҵ˾У
ĺüʦԼܰصյʵʣµҲԵ㼫Ȥġ
ɣõһ죬ܲܶӵ㾭顣
ֳֽһҲ
˽һЩ;ֽ˽̼õʦ㣬ڰ˿ʯͷ¡
ϵͳʼ¼ˡ
̨1λȡ1ϵͳ+100
̨6λȡ1ϵͳ+100
̨7λȡ1ϵͳ+100
̨
ԭ¼ġ
ϵͳӽǣܿÿ̨µļ¼̨šƷ֡ʮϸ
ʦãûõô
1ŵ̨ʦֵ𿴼̲ס㹳̾Ϣ
õ㣿Ȼˡصúܣҧˡ
˵ţϵͳһʾ
̨3λȡ1ϵͳ+1000
ҵһγԵʦһЦޱȲãȻվ̲סߺߡ
ΪϡжеȣԼһǧ𡭡
𲻽˼СҹϣǲǾܿһBUGˣ
вУϵͳ
⡭ϵͳЩգϵͳû¼˭뵽
ðɡ
Զڵڶص质˸磬һ֪
ʱ֣ʮ˽һĵһɹջ13200
㡭
ʮ˵һ죬ٶһսƷ
ʦʦֱŰɡ󷽵
Ǿ͹ˡʦЦӯӯأʼͬô⿺óԡ

ȻصƾӣҹɫѾϼ
ԶԶأһĨɫӰڵڶرš
质ڵ
ֻһϮ¸Сϱһɴһѡ
˼·еˣɢ
˻ǰĿͼ뷨
Ȳƽ·ȥ
Щˡ
ҹķһһڵڶصƵݣܷ磬Ȼ˶Ҫܡ
ٽذһаϮ𱻴˸ģ̧ͷ质Ŀ⡣

㡭𣿡ͼΣϴϢ
䡣质һһĻش𣬡Ϣʱһȥһء
Ŷ
ɪģ质ӺȻʲô䣬ҿ㡣
˵գĿƾӡ
ħαȡůǼġ
⻰ˡ
ʲôȻ˯Ѳֱȸռ𯳲
вҲ̫ˡ
ţһ壬ˡ
ֱ˵质Զλãһܻƾӣعţ˳
ꡣˡ
质˼˵ʲôˡ
ҹɫ
űڴϴ˺üֱһԴëŴ¶ͷ
ƺħԽԽˡ
ʲô¡
ħ֮ǰǧΪһˣȻһ׽
Ǳ֣ᱻο
𲻺
ˣħ𡣼˵ԼС죬ҲֻС졣
󡭡ô죿
Ӿ˺һշ˼˯
ҹһΡ
һйԭΡ
ʶһΣΪĪԽ塣ͯشǰ߹ȴӶֻǻһϵŰ׳һȥ

سһȻɰվ֮عͷƽ۵״ϼԲϲá
ء
㿴õԼıˣСŮױһݸ
غس佱ͯҲԴ
һת˶ʮߵģ
ħû˺ҡͯرسסקߣŲġ
Χɽʯħ硣
ѵԸħ𣿡سɫʮ˵Ҹ
ǵġҺú¡ͯ۾Ứҧ´ſǻ
س˱ۣʱָֻյƽ֪ƽ£ħͷڣ˼Ϳ̿ʵˡ
أҪ㣬ҲҪ㡣
ãͯص˵ͷóǸӵЧ
𿴵ͷƤ顣
ʵпسͯ㲻ҲľദʽصԭŻͦӦ
ôôѪ尡˵ԭﵽôͻȻ֮ܵˣŶħҲԹ
质˵ôѪַ̨ʣ𲻽˸
εͬʱ质ҲͬΡ
ڿŮŨʱޱ飻ڿŮύ֯ʱ޶ԡ
ڿʼַʱ质ɫеѿ
µݣǰδμָµϢ
ͯصıΪãδΪ˼䡭
ôܣ
һɸӵУ质ӭ˵ڶϡ
öûع
֪˼ҹΣԤ̫֮ˡ˵ڵľѾԭ˼ı䣬ѵ𡭡
ţͻȻ䣺
㣡õԼı
ƾ⴫ŮޱȻޱϲá
һ
ҹ˯ڵڶص质ɫһڡ
Ȼ˺Ȼϡ
л˵


ڰʮ 
سı, ǡΪ
ͯصıǡա塣
һɱ¾һ, ʮ, Ҷ
ÿسǰеʱ, ͯرں󷽾ˡ
Ϊ, ǰسٲȡ壬ͯزؾ̽á
ǵãˮ˲ͯ󻯡һ£Ŀ£ˬ壻, 󱻲
˵Ůȥ, Ϊⲿǿʽ֣Ծûгɹö֪
𲻸Ҷɹ, ȻҲԸѭȥֻԼŬ顣
ڵ㣬ʣһ롣
ͯϵŰ׳Ľɫ, пȻһģһ
ͷؾĵʯ̨, ôʦʦ߹ȥ, ûпͯؽḶ́ԲĴ۾ﷺŹ, Ұ, , ȻͶһķ
ÿϧ
ͯ˵գգۣϧʲô
ƺ˵ġͯһΣоڶ죬Ҫ˵֣ҲҪʦֵĽİɡ
Ů˵źɵĻ۵һ
˼벻˰
˼һ£ȰԿһǱʣܸɾأ
ǰͯس˼Ƭ̣ٴ̧ͷ۾ֱģˣȻŰǲǸá
Ŀʱʮָӡ
ؼƷҪǶˣԺȥɾϰˡ
裬ôϡа
֮ʱ䣬ͯ˵˼仰ʹˡ
һҪʦʦֿ˵˵ġͯػӻ֣¶ᡣܿʲôƵģˣ㣬ѵһصᵽƾ𣿡
һʱûӦ
ô㡣ͯ쿪ֱȻһ£ôѽ
ɨһ⣬û뵽质Ȼͯؿˡ
첻׼Է
Σˣܾ˵ˡ
һ£ͷһ̫¶ˣҴڵڶҲ
ȴͯعؿ˿ս˵㣬˵Щþ˻ɾô󣬲Ҳɾ˰ɣ
ħ𡭡αװ̫ˡ
˱ۣ
ŮܲԾˡ
ͯأǱ˾Եĵġ
㣬׼Ǵס

ʱһȥ𼸺ʮһŵ˸飬̨Ҳӳʼʮӵһʮ
ʮ߸ƳУ㡣
һʮλȵطֲֲ֤塣ʱŵĿһ඼鵽
Ʊնٺء
һ£˰׸̫ˣǾ͵㲻շѣҪǮˡ
ԶһɻڽͬһƷ̵ֵһȻٵѡ
ô鷳
Ӱ׷ǰСݼһ㣬ȫʲô
ǡ
ۡۡ
ħⶢţȫ͵۶Ҫȥ
Ӱ׷һŮװһݺݱһ漴ޱۡ
֪Ͳÿ˵װͨҹˡ
Ӱ׷ûϢ롣
УѡõȺȻƣȴΪͬ
ϹϡжȡѰáŵȡϡС
ԼƷʡ͡е͡Сиߡߡߡ
ڽŴУҪ֤ûСϡС͡㣬ƷҲҪڡߡ¡
Ͼˮ
𣿡Ȯͣ˶ߣèֻ˻תָʹһС죬ҿ
Ż£˱򰶱ȥŵīưһ㻡ȣơ
ʵڲָʹħһ˼ǳô죿
ʵ̫˳ˣ̲ס
ţߣèֿʼ٣Ӵȡ
˻СѾͷ־е󰡡ߣ÷۵һ롪Ϊܼ͵ˣ
ƳӰ׷质̲סڴ
ħ﷢չˣҽİ취
Ӱ׷ڼ˼ľãĹǴҲϲˣŮ֮ôҲԶһ
ͻ£۵ơ˼£֮
κ质󻤷ǹʱ񡪡ӡ󻤷ŸĹۣװ
ֻƳһۣͽעתƻˡ
Բ廨ŵ㡣
ʱ质ҲŮΪʲôô㡣
ָ΢һ˿е̽ˮУһˮԷֿ¶һĺӴ
ˡ
꣬ˮΪһ塣
ʹ˶ΣҲ̲סΪħļܾ̾
Ӱ׷һղŻûȺ˿Ѿɵطű࣬һĸˡ
𺳣ħδ˼Ȼ桭
һߣèվ𣬹֣ǾͿʼɡ
ҪԺϳ

ڼӭŴ֮ʱһ콵ˡ
Ũﲻ׵磬𲻽̧ۡ
ʱ򡭡
Ŵ˵վŵ质
ƽʱôƵġ
תͷ۴ߵˣǺڳŨܵĽӳ²׹ˮΣ·Ǵëϵȥ
ÿ
Ŀ⼸Ҫճ质ϣǰ͵͵Ѿʷˣֻؿ
֪ǲĴħƺʮֿݣ˵ǡá
ԭĹѪ̶ϴδйôԺȤɣ
뵽⣬ϽϸղŵĻ⡣
Ǵεһرʱһ֡
˵ţ۲质ı飬ǵװŻˣٲһҲΪҪ
δ˵̧ۣ꣬ڵ˹
Ϊ˵ʲôʱ质ˡ
ҵ׽١
ʲô
Ҹ˵׽һ𣬲û֡
质黺ЩҲҺ׽ٳȻұҪǳһˡ
⣬̲ס˫ۡʹ˶ɽ쳣ȴûȻ
ֲȪյôԭֱһ׽٣
֪ԼòھΡ䲻СȪ۰׽ˣҲ㱣ɣ׽ֶһҪϲĥ˵ֻҪɹʤ
ǡ
Ϊʲôֻһؼǵãǿ׵׹䣬һ֮޺ۼ
Ϊҵ׽١质·˵һϻ
ּ˵˵׽ֻһΡһαεɹ
û˵ôֵ׽٣ʣΪʲô
ΪҵѪ质ԼģȴִЩζϹԨ

һֱס
ϢԭСûд
Щš
质ûпЦӣ㰴˵һ¡
ǾͲһѽ
˲;ʺˣһҲʲôħ˰
质˵
˵Ծţ֮ңÿһνٱͬԾһţֱһ׾硭
˴ʧ仹ƽϹԨһ޷ɣܻ
Ŀ΢š
úϳˡ
⣡
л˵
𣺰٣㵽



ڰʮ 
¶ʱ, Ŵˡ
ƵҶ峿ϰ˪ŵɺ״Ƽ䣬ڵĵҲɽæµɽǰ, ǴӭҪ, Ѿ½˼־¡
ԶԶ, ɽǱһƬƬ, ͬİ׺ף֪Ѿˡ
ŴȣʱűڲٿãΪڻΪṩʳסޣԱиõ޵
ڴڼ䣬˿Թڸ, ڸӽѺд轻, ܴܵ׻׻̻塣ΪڵĵӣȻҪֳԼȫĴ֮ܵؽչ˵õ
ԡͷԸǰԼغ, ǧ¶Щǰ
С졣
֪ЩŵˮƽΣɷδȻǺõģһ˾ƳϢס
ޡ
ȥв뷨ԼǸöеġ
Ͼ͵ʱ, ĵطûҵ
ڣǸȥɽ͹ˡ
ɨһŵ, 󲿷һɽǰ, ˱ʱųһʾڵĲƴ֡Ȼ, ҲװЩ, ʾ档
߷Χ, ຮɽŲǰոıʿַϲˮģæýŲմء
ڣǸעʽ
𲻵òпɴüŽŶЧʶ߰
겻Ϊ־˲ٰţһȻ𣬵˻ɽż￪⣬֤Ϊжô
ԱߵĵѾѭȥһźڰ׵˴سɴ磬գۼ㵽˺ɽǰ
˾ȵеλƽձвıˣ˿̾ˮһ¶һĨǳǳЦ
飱ȴôѺá
ˡӭȥ۾һգգʦΪгɡ
ԭʦ֡
˿ֿܾм졪Ȼֻ飬족ֻתӾϤаˡ
ããḧƣʦڹÿɺã
ûʦ֣Ȼ˼Ȥ뿪ڣ·ܸλá
ԴЦ˱ͲԸһɢ˶ôʦãɱĺĺˡ
Ƴһۣ˵˱ġ
ˣˡ˻
˶ԻȫеԽֹϤС
ôһ
С
˭е㿩⡣
ԭͯʧٺ󣬱׷ͯصϢںεء
׷Ϣ
ǵġΪ֪ߣԸϢУħϵͳңҲŸħļ˳Ա֮һ
еⰡħڵһǲ̫Σգ
ʦãʦã
ߴһ飬ԼС˵ˡ
ոʲôأɣڰ׷ʢɻ漴ȻƵţǸŴȣֲϡ
վŵɣӸߣû˵ʲô
ֻʲôʱܽվۡ˿³һŰ
ɽ˲١
һͺˡɣοֻҪ˶ˣǱܻȥ
ɽš
ǲ̫ȥȻһ˾һǵˣǲǾָܷࣿ
ʱƣŵ˵ˡ
ɣҲһԲֺظܣ
Ǵµڣµţţߣ챩¶ǡ
ϻڣ
ô֪ɣһ㵡
µġ𵭶С˵ôдġ
ŴȵƹȻܴʮһλ˾λʣ˵ûл
Ҳ֪Ϊôɡ
վڷ֮е׷ԲԵȻЦúܺͰûаΥ͸Сǰĸλ֪˵ʲôоһҲ
ٿŵĵӣƺǻҪţеΣеĵͷԣеĺ١ϾٿŴȣµһڷ롣
ֹһһ˿ʼߡ
ĿһǸ˾֪ʱߣһ㽣ǡżСŮ
תһ룬ˡȻǡ֪ߡĸ֪ڳˣ֪ռ첷㣬ִδͽǴߣ˵Ǽ׽ּǿˡ
ҲĽǿɡ
оҪˡ
ջĿ⡣
ȸŵӿʼŸڵʱɽķΧȻһɡ
Ҫںɽæߡ
ɽøʱ˵ĶԻ
ΪǴеٮٮߣСӷû
ˣѰӻΨһʣһǧΪҲǸСˡ
Ǿʣһκѹ󣬱ǽš
ұ㿪żɽˡħ֮£һֱδ̬ҵʣ⾿
ħʱ˼䣬串Ǵˣڼ㣬ңΪ
ڰæҵȶƾܡɨħһȷʵ󶯸ɸ꣬
ոյĲʵˣȷⳡԻеõ˸Ϣ
νġ޷ǽŴֳħһ£Ǹͼ˵Эһַħ磬Ӷǡ
ħ籣̬ȣһӰ㲻ҡΪսԴĵһڣڲ̬ȣű㲻ħͻ
£Լȥ
ħʮħƾЩССڣ㼯ʮ֮һ
èһ軨ŪҶӣ
ЦȻôͰִ飬·һ߰Ƥͯ
˵
û壬Ǻǡ˵һ飿
ݾš
Щûи˵һˡ
ժ˼ƬҶͬеӴк󣬾ͻصƳء
ǻط䡣
ط
̽ԴĴ۾׵ģĻ
ӣ·Ӧڱѹ֣ܵﶼᱻץסɣ
Ҫ͵͵ȥ˵⻰ҲƲ߷ǳʵ
ΪŴȣŻῴܵøϸôܻȥ
Ȼ˵֮󣬻ȮεӦ֪ɽŴǲȥ
ˣ˵лָ󷨣β֪ʲô¹ܡ
˼һǻҵεĵط𣿡
Ӱ׷ҡҡͷӶûˡ
ԣӼ⶯ֲ˵Ӷôˣ˺üأ
˼ȥķҵطҲ룬ԼҲ졣ҪҸ԰ȫĵطĻǾֻϵͳĲֿȪˣطֶȥ
ѲɣҪű֣
Ϊ˷ɢϵϢǷֿڵĶֱͨʮʮʮأ质ص˵һأˮڸסĴ󲿷Ϣ
Σֻһأ֪ħܲʲô취
ŵʱ򣬺ɫȻˮɹ̫ĸоǻ֮ǰϾˣ
С죬ܲħ𣿡ʳ仰
ˣ̬ε质˼Ƭ̣ȫϢǴϣܡ
ܱ֤һʧ𣿡׷ʡ
ܡ质ԽЩʿ֪񣬻ܷҡһЩħޣԻᾴηҡ
֪ħˣ
̾˿˵ȷʵи֪ϳأô죿
质Ĭ
˵ҲЩѰ찡ʱߵʵҲͷۣų˼еĴ㣬ԼҲ˰취
Σˮ滮һ죬óһƬƯˮ
𶨾գ֮䣬质ûһͨСĽԱĺΪһţ
б¾Ұա
Ŀɿڴ
л˵
𣺣ħҪ


ھʮ 
ϹԨѪ, ѪܻħӰ졣
ħô꣬质ʹԼͬʱ, Ҳħһʹħ
ֳϵ, š
ħ̫, ϻմȾ˼˿ħ, һȫڸǣһ˿ѰﲻһϢ
质аաɺԵĵطᱻϵʿ죬ƳأУͻأ
ǾɡҲ벻ʲôð취, ֻá
ٴζ质Ҫֺ, ء
ѡǵء߳ءڰ˳أǡǵھųϣż, ȴûôΣգԸڴö̼ĵ顣
ŴȵĻ˳Żɻʮգ֮֮ӵд衣ΪԼ, дʱº֡ȻҲϸ, Էĵֽš
ҲΪڴǰһҩԭ
, εдûʲôϵǿŵӸˡһµ͵λ, ȷֻҪسͯ, , Զ
ֻҪǮͺá
һ뵽Ŵʱԣп̨ܿ׬ӯϾ̲סֳһ˿Ц⡣ĨЦУֻһֻϣҡ
λ
ߵһȵĺڶߡ֪ʲôʱģؿˣȴһ˫۾
һȥͺˣһۣ괽毺ãҪǡЩ˷ס
ĿܿǷ¶ֲСƳȲοյĿӡ
ٲ£һǺϻڵĵˡ
Ҫץ֣һˣ˳㿪
ĬŴڼҪѺ鲻£΢΢һЦλѣ·𣿡
ϻڵҲ¶һԷŮӷĵЦ˫ޡ
ۡ
ԼûһˮȻ϶Ҫ絽Էϡ
ͷϻڵӶôˣ·˾Ҫ˫ޣ
˵Ļķ˵йԸ

㲻ҪǮҪߣƷϡжշѡָָԶӣλޣȵȵá
䲻һת⣬ϻڵһ£ϵתͷһӣ飺Ŀѣ߽Ǯ
Сӭܣ
ϻڵЦһ£Ŀϸϸ꣬ɪǺϻгϣ˫ޡҲϻʵԽǿ˫ޣΪҲԽࡣ
ɪûйòˡ
οŮʵڶθڡ
ϣǺˣ˼άԾһ¡
ϣɪŤһ˲ܿǿлָЦҽֻһꡣ
ɽ磬ʤһŽڣ֮µĶƢС²Сƨĳɾͣϻûֹǿˡ
ɪܽ
һˣ𾪣ܵôһʮʮͼټǧ궼ϣֻкʵǾ²ġ
һߣڵүүˣ
¶һı飬е֪Ҷֻʮߡ
磬Ǹӡ
û뵽ɪζǲǸôԽᣬõΪҲԽࡣοǱʣһ˭µģ
Ʒ塪
ұлΪǣߡɪЦеأ·лƺ졣
ƷŹġƽصôϲ⣿
ɪɫһ
̶ɵش
ܡеˣٲҲҪڲܷһõţ
ѵˣ
̽̽ĸǡɪаԼ۹͸о⣬ȥ
ֵ˵һ¡
ȻɪǣĿ͸˪ĺϡ
ô֣˵ڶ£ֶ㿪˵£ɪϷֵĴ֡
ס֡
ȻųǰӰһһ̲סקס·
ôˣСʣ󲻽Щ亹
˵õĹԹԴװ㣬ʱܳʲô˵Һú֪ħ
£ˡ质ͷ˿漴Ŀǰĺϻڵϡ
ֻҵϢ质üɪĮͲϲ·ʱվǰһˡ
˭Ŀ⿴ţɪһ£ʵ
ҵʦ֡͸质ɪĿø֪²ȴһᣬֱӿס质ָվ࣬Ҳҵĵ¡
质ָһ㲻֪ˡ
质䣬ȴ˾ȻôؼʱưˣһֵۣҼˣλѲҪˡ
˵һȻЩ˺
ɼҶ棬һѰʿô˵޵ݡ
ɪѰˣ϶质ǿڶԷֵһ˲ʲôƿˣѹô
ˣҲʺ˫ޣøǿ
áܺáɪ̲סЦǰˣĿ¶⣬һҲǿԵġ
Źϻڵӻزɣȴû뵽˲Ҫһ㶣质
ʱѾɱ
ɪȴûԾԽԽ⣬û뵽Ů˱ǣǿĪ⣬˫ޣǡ

ɪ֮ʱ质׵سˡ
һ̫죬δüӦ˷Ȼѹ֣ٿʱղŻö˶˵ֱӹڵأȳѪ
һæ质֣˺ˣ̫𡭡
ֻһССĽѵͿˡ
ɪֻ¶һԴ
λϻڵġϡߵǰǸЦЦҼҵƢЩʵڶԲסˡҲΪҪΪ׼˱ײ͡лҡ
ħŭ²ߡһ¡
ɪĿȴ¶ȻΡ
ɪ˿֮ǰ´˫ݲҩ裬ѱҵϱߵ֦ͷϡٹʱʱֱˣ˾ˡ
ֻе֢
ָ⣬ϾıҲǳصġ
Ȳ飬质ʼôͳˣ
质򴽣棬Σա
Ѫɺ󣬵ŮĶ⣬׾ٵظܵȻܼȷŮģѭϢҵ
Цһ£Σлл㣬Լ㶨
ɡ
质ǰŮڷ׷һÿʱǲ緱ǵǶˡƺô֪Լ˵ӣ˶ᣬҲ
ղ˵ĹغµĻģǡ
һ̣עһ⡣
һ𣿡
ղŮ˵Ļ质̲סĲ
Ǳһöö࡭
ǡҲϣ
л˵
质ҲԻþΪˡ



ھʮһ 
֪˶ħ, ܻῴµЦӯӯôϣúܰ
֪ͻȻʲô
㱻ôش质üͷúܽ, ЩƲֵӡ
ܿ, û, ˵һ, ۷ʲôҪ
Σգ
ɽըˡ˵漴־Щѻ죬һµģ˭Σ
㡣
ϸ룬ֻħڴ, ˶ҰŮչ, Լ·ߣûʲô
质߻ھᣬƽ, ԼղųֵЩóȻˡ
Ҫô֣ҪôֱڣŪ棬Ů鷳
¸ķ
ᡣ, Ҳ˵Լûռ֡ſĳҶ, ġ, һֱ̡
ЦúϻڸǸ˵ҪǸ, ֿô
质ŷ, ĳҶ֡⼸, ֺû˵øЩ
ɸʮ
ˣˮɣ质ߣɲøƼˣ
质صعǳǳĻȣǱռȡˡ

ˮƽԶĳˮ¶һβƯĺɫС㡣

Ǹϻڳ磬质ˮ󲻹ӣƳؾϡϡˡ
Ŵȵ̣ڶŵĵӿȹڸڵĻΪӵصƷ壬ȻҲǻᱻ뵽ľ㡣
ټĵһؿдССطֱۻ֣ͬ뻮һޱȶ
ֻƾۣ֪ر绮ֿ

еӸпѣͬƳءվȺ棬ֻһеġ
ܿ죬˷ڵӣϳӷϵĻơ
λѡһģľŮӣ˹ĿְҼ㴩ڵĵӷˮƣƹص˰ɣ
˵䣬ʲôȻ֮ڴ΢Ц̫ͻֻҶڵ̫棬̲סˡ
˺ܻ⡣
ĿתסĻûϵҵȷƹƳصĵӡʲôʵ𣿡
ǵûϵôֱӣ㶺ŵڵģҲһأ˷ǰѰøõ֮
ԭͬС
ü滺ˣʼԼĵν⹤
Ƴһʮ߳أ϶£ÿһﶼжص㣬ϡƷָʤ
Ʒ¸߶Ȳ󣬵ƳصÿһӶиԵص㡣Χľ¡ˮ¶ȡʺ֡Ҫϸϸ֣Ȼʧ㣬ȺɱԹ
ÿ糿ұ㿪ʼѲЩأԼҪʱһ£ѲҲô죬Ȼֻ࣬Ҫ˵еˡ
Լһˣڵһص㣬龪㵡
ûͷϣΧ޲ȻɫҲЩˡ
֮ϵͳĹ
ϵͳ
̸֮ңת˻⣬ϸ˵ÿصɫ
ӱĽˣ˹ʱ죬Ц˵ʵһΪأȴλ̫߼亮䡣ϳˮȲ֪ΣΣգʺϹ͡
ŶȻ˺ϵ˺ģǡʺϹأ
Ҫ˵Ļǵء߳ءڰ˳ˡ˶٣ˮݷïжϲò㣬зѨȤ߳״̶ֳһǳһһˮע룬ԿУڰ˳нݣȣɽٲ
ҪǣԴ
ҪǣǿΪҴ׹
һһɨڳλӣϲŨȤȻԼĿѾﵽƮƮһѾ˵Ļλѣһȥ
ðڵӵһͣʣµҲԾԾԡ
һڵߺ质ȺԴϡ
ȻȺЩᷳܿ𣬵ôһߡͲ֪ʱܻˡ
û˵ô໰

һʮλǲǲ̫
̨ԽԽˣǰҪŲ
ڽ˵̨ʹ֮ǿ˵ҪٷŻأҪߣҪгǮ
ģǴʯġһԴȤĵ˵ȻͷԼͬȻұǿҵļ
ҲͷŴȵĹؾˣܶɻû׬ʯɽҪƱ֮£ڱ
̨109λȡϺ1ϵͳ+100
̨57λȡ1ϵͳ+100
̨22λȡǯз1ϵͳ+100

Ӷʾϵͳһɨһʮ̨ȻѾʮλõ
ʧߣǲǰ̫ˡ
룬˵ŵȵ㣬뽫Ǵߡ
̨44λȡɽ1ϵͳ+1000
̨69λȡͷ1ϵͳ+1000
̨100λȡƽ1ϵͳ+1000
ɴǰ˸ͰЩԾʯŽˬ졣
ͬʱڶŵѾ˵˻ǲλܶģ˸ڣԼŵĵһͬȥˡ
ֻѹ
ǣҲԼҪı͡лмΪ۵ģˡ
ƽģΨǰΪ̸һ֮ʱÿÿֵһΣ붨ͻƣֱӴӿ˶ԪӤͻƵ˺ڡ
һ˵ֱӻˣ
˶˶񣬿ʼ׽ǰЩָһ㣬㵽и»٣һȻԡ
ʿһڶǱ˵û
ֻҪ׽˵ûñȷ˰ϲǡʿص飬˵ûףˣ˭˶ֿ
ȻֻúͰĿ⿴ЦЦ
ͷһԣȻ㵽ˡ
ҲĬϡ
²֪˵ʲôˣΪֺû˺õģȻҲлġ
ĸ֪ǻһвõĶ
ô˵
ЩͷöվȿԼǶȻٸ˵ܵüͺá
̽ʣҴȥ䣬ʦɡ
ϣ˵ˣȥ
ͷһˣˡ
װģصɽͷһȦȻĿĵءƷ塣
δ䣬㱻·ֵľɫˡֻŵĵӶһΣƬĸɫ㱻ɫĳˮţɫޱ
Ҳʮ⣬ӡУ˲Ŷԡ
˻һյأɡôӣǶһ˵ǡ
ԣЩ
üͷһ壬ܾƻϢֹһ£ƾһ
߽˼ĿŸ֪ķλ
Ƴڶ࣬һСҲ
У质ĿȻ˱¶׼
Ѫͣʱ쵽ΣյĽ١
ΣҪȷô
质Ը񣬵ﻹΪ֮ԥˡ
质һƳȻѾʯС·ˡ
ʱҲ˵Ǿһֱ˵Ļ
Ƴħ
仰质׽ˣͬʱҲȫ˶С
壬ûֻǿŲԶˡ
ˡ
ȻҲڣǾͻᡪ
֣߬һٶħ㼫пܲزסˡ
ʱΣ
ͽϸǸţ
вЦڵ̫Щ˱ħ𣬱൱ڲһʱը
µûаֺڵͷ
ǲǻԴ飿
˻׽⣬ӦҲ˰ɡ
质
΢·⡣
Ԥеûз͵αЦеۺ룬ûа
£
˲ţȷһΣûо𣿡ԽԽˣ
ƳһֱͰ˵Щ⡣ζ˵ЩЦУˣǲǲԹ࣬ˣ
һ㶣质ɡ
˿ʼ
л˵


ھʮ 
һԳĬ, ΨܱߵĵԽԽ֮࣬¸ӡ
ƳصĵмѣмʵϡжȸƷ, һʮʮ, ܶڱ𴦹ŵҲ˹, ־档
һȺ, ҲǣҲǣȷһ㣺ѿˡ
ˣԷŻھΪʲôô˵šü죬һš
ûע⵽
, һжû¶, ˾ƳأΪƳعߵòùȥкһ£
Щ, û뵽ϵĸЦǺǵ˵⣬СǷŲ߰ա
˵, һӣͷҲҲ뿪ˡ
ԭصؿ˿, վһŸȥ
Σôˣ
ע˵ıӰ, 뿪Ƴء
ڰΡ֪ΪΣĪӿֳͷ, ʮȷš
ֻʿܾ, ôһο, ռ첷¡
ǰˣʮ˼
Ѳɡ֪ħ
뵽㣬漴Ʒ˵ƳȷʵŲֹħһħģǣƾǼ޵ˮƽԼᱻ
ߣΪǱǣݺ㲻ûСˡ
Ͼ£Ҳǿܱħ˺ĵӣ豣
ѵ˳ȻѾ˳ֵزˣ˵ĻΪ˸ıܵˣ˳Ӧȷĵ·
˵ѾδˣղŵķӦ񲻾ֲܵı֣
Ҳ̫˰ɣɽͷ
ĬΣշ˼ĵǡ
ŴȲŵһ죬ʣµʱﾡһµ̨ޡ
̨ޣǸݵ̨ӵľġҲ˵ֻеԽ࣬Խ࣬Խ࣬ܿޡ
ǣͰ

ŴȵʱȻΪ̡ι֣֮ʵȴæµˡ
ÿ쳹ѲһƳأϸ豸͸ûбһЩֵĵƻΪûӴĵӽʣѧάֻһʵ鲻ȥ质
󻤷Ϊ˸߲ҡ̫ˣȻһ²øɻ
质õͨСÿˮݣѾľⶼ鹦ƳصڵﲻҹҲͻȻһģ㲻¶ߡ
ŰӰ质Ƶú޲ýȫɣ»ð
ŵء
Ѿ벻мûˡ
质̾˿ֱ
ŴѾȥʮա
ָ
ʱѾɹ̨չ250λȻֲ̫Ϊϵͳṩ˱ȴǰ˫ľ飬ʮֿɹۡ
ǿҵԤУ˶ãǸΣԤܱɹˡ
ڣдĳء
дĻƳصֱá㡱ݡĸʸμŴȵĵӲԸһ۸ڵļʽֻжѧϰοǲЧԼʹԼǿһС
ܲεд裬ҲͿ֡룬سͯϳʮĿǳڵΣĻǱͬӸΪտļɣ
˶ûԼı
ͨĽмֿ϶õҲãʡñ졣
֮УϸȺһȻûյĺϻڳϡ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱȥġûǲϴ֮
ջ˼ϵд衣
ӡġӸӵĳзʽܿԵŵķ񣬵Ĳ⾫ʵıÿдҪؾ
ؾѾ֪Ů֮Ѿ˶ؾˣֻ˵մǵĹ⣬ܽȥڵ㱦ء
ؾǰԵؾҪƾƿ൱һؾĻԵ£ԺΪ򿪡
óôĶʾԴ˴ŴȵӣһҪǣؾûƣΣҲСŵӻŵӣ̽
ĹĵĽңѾȫ׼ˡ
յдֻܿ˵˼仰бһöءơֽ̧һУգţһؾڴˡ
̻ؾ˾
һû˵ͷѯʣõشԻΪ˵̻ؾǽ𵤼ؾؾпܲرֱǽ𵤼󷽵úܰ
Ȼ˵ؾҲֲξ磬µĵͽؾֻбģϵĲŻкرͯϴõ壬ǴؾĴõر
ؾֻչʱλȥءһЦڶӱӿ˽ȥ
ôˡˡ
ü˶Ѱȥȳһʣ
ԼȥȪۿһ
ǡѸԼˡ
㣡һ̧ͷȻڲԶֵͯأѽ
ǵȥһˡһЦһ̤ؾ
̻ؾľɫһްصɭ֣·ӣѨֱأ̵̦ᵹɣ·һͻֹŹֵޡ
꣬ꡭֵӶתͷһͯڳԹӡ

أڸʲô
Եġͯ˵ţҵ˵ݣ㣬Ҳ
ɵؽӹһۣ澹Ȼװ˼Ӻ͵ġ
ͯȫؾΣϴôʳ·ྡ
ùܰɣҲû˵ؾܳԶ
԰ɣƤҪӡ˰죬仰
ţһװƤͯػ˻һֻĽҡ
Ǿ߰ɡ
ϰߣӵ·ǰֵطźֲ߲꣬Ҫֻӣ̫ɾ
ΪͯػطԸû뵽ԷȴҪĵطꡣ
ҵһͯؾһɢĹĻЦüۡ
ǡ
մЩյȹڣο֮ЩжЩһ˽УЧٿҲֻһ˳μͯءҪɵıĿһ۾ܼסٶȾ͸ˡ
һʱǾװ
УֱϵͳԶµԴͷ
Ԩؾڡ
ôؾ
ɫǵãǴڲؾзֵһڣǡԨؾڡ
ҪҪȥ
һ£ȪйԨؾѾΣգҲѸٴͻصһء
²ٴϵڶˡ
ͯأʼ˼ô֧ܽ
˼ĹУߵ·ԽԽƽ̹ܼĵӰҲԽԽࡣԣǿ쵽ؾĺλˡ
СʦãһźɽŵӷŮ˿ͯأűϵߡ
ʦ㡣ͯػһʶˡ
𿴼ʦͷʾһ£ڱȺɢˣǴ飬һȥ濴һ
ðͯҲûشӦȻ𣬡Ҳȥɡ
𡭡ᶨơ
ȥɣҾͲȥˡʱ䲻ˣΪδ𵤣㷢رҲòˡ
ɷǳ㡪˻ΪûлرĶһš
ͯȴ˿ʦ㣬ǡҲ
ȥɡû˵꣬ͯص־ʦݣãҪȥ𴦹䡣
ͯؿеί
ЦӯӯĿ뿪ǵӰʧԼ󣬱תȥһؾڡ
̤Ԩؾֲָĺڡ
Բ֮ǰĵطˡ
еĵǽڣ۾΢Ӧڰ󣬱㿪ʼǰ
֪˶ԶԽԽ䣬һëȻϢԽԽ
ˡ
˼һ£һڵشͷӹһ˲䣬ܱøİްӰӴʯҷӣסܹܵķ
촫ͻصһأ
Ӧ죬ϵͳĬ
һ룬ϵͳʾ
ѲԨؾķΧڣ

ΧĺӰɢʵʵһһΧֱû
ңڱȫ֮ǰոüñԼס

ͬʱ质ͷ͸ˮ濴ҫ۵̫
ȥħʲô
ԡ
质Ȼһ
Σա
л˵


ھʮ 
ǰٴο, Ѿȥһʱˡ
̽Ѻȴø
ЩĿǰû˺ͼ, ֻ, ߡ
δ𡢵δ𡭡Զˮ, ͸һ, ʯϵˮˮ
ܻЩ죬𻷹һȦĿڵϿӿݵĶ̶ģħϣĴȻ
ħ硣
ħ簡
ħ𼸷ֲɣ˭ץ
̻ؾԨؾԨؾħ, ǹ·ħ޽ץ, Ҳûпܡ
ʶħûãħеС
̲סʼܲܰѿͻչħ, ħ簡ôһ⣬û˿й
а׬Ǯ, һŵгΪԼ, ռ, Ҳ÷ſ׬Ǯһƽ̨ǹУɹͳô, ٳҲÿ˶ܽȥ, ൱ľԡ
ħ, ԭһԶȦӣŲԳһ塣
Ҫ´ټ质һ£
ԺǸֳǳӰԭдľ飬һ΢΢˳
ǺҲꡣ
ܲܶԱħħһ½裬Ҫ㰮ˣ治ġ
ͷֻһ˲һ̣עȫȻǰĺϡ
״ǡֻһ㣬һֻǣԣ
㱼䣬质˵ġϹԨѪֵܰɣ
գգۣûп˵
߲ơǿóġ
˻˻ЦǺ﷢һڵѡǰС
һӰ˼ɵ붾̶ܰӰ죬һʪĺۼ
ʮˡʮˡ
Իǰ߸ǰ壬նۿԼһ˿⣬ʧȥǵħ
ȻЦ˻ƣЦִŲޣǿɶϴαţѳıغţֺοڴˣ
ΧĺǸһ׷ӿ
ʮˡǿϧ̾Ϣ
Щɪʮη塣
̶̼䣬Ȼһץôӵס
ġ质ӦҲǱˡ
˼뵽ħʵвٲֵһžеһԱɡ
¿ɲ̫ˡ
ǰĺǱͨħץߣ质ŻöԷɵ֣ѵħޣΪʹħǱ
Ϊνļԡ
Ǻһ£ԼٶȻǰ߸ߵظ˵ʲô
㷽ô˵ġźŵѾһ
û´Щĵħޣֻǲ֪ΪζӡǱóɲΣħ޶ܻòö֪ǰ߸пܣϾħħﶼܻʵ壬޵ĺӰһ鲻ĸоƺϺü֡
ռϷ硭
ǰӰ͵ףҲ֪
Ϊʲôôһۣ̹ȻƽҲ
ʲôôʲôô˻Ҫˣ֪ǰʲôģǰһҪأΪˣ
ûСתƽͣ⣬Ҫݷһ֪ʱһһʳ࡭
㣬ͻоŸˣ
𸹷ôһмƻгˣһ룬ֱӱſѪڳ
ʱò
Σл٩һ£ŵϵĺӰɢ
룬ЩӰȥʵȻ׾ٵͻˡ
һΪڽ;
ôᡭ
˻𣬵ȴϷŹһγϮɫһ֪ȵľڣŰʵʻıѩĳһž޵죬
ǺȻסˡ
ͬʱϵıҲ͸ִɫ
򻯣ˮᣬҲΧʪĻͱضǵĶ̶һ
Ǻֻͷܶˡ
㡭㵽ǡ۾ֱðץСĵӣôʵ
𿴳뷨΢΢һЦֻǸ·ŵӣû뵽ͱˡңҵʦʦáѾ˵ˡ
ȴ˵
գǲǺɣ
ȻЧͼӰӿ񱩣˵Ҫɱ
ʲôãҲȡ˵źͱأڶ᲻õõĻԵ
οĿ⻹İС졣
ǿӵ޾ıأϵĵλһ۵ʿᶮȤԹ˻ߣҪЩӵõ趼й
ŶȻôö
һ£Ժթ质
Ȼӵıأǲָýˣ
ǰǣͷʲôأܴܣҲ˰ɡ
ꡣ
Լ嵶
ŭˣƴ
׻׻գӵϵĵλͲƱֺαգ
ǸΣ
һΪϵڶˡ
ãΪǵڶ
𣺡Ϊǵһ
˻һٴα߾ȫ³ħֻɱǰ΢ЦŮ
ڤ粻顣̾Ϣһ£
ž鱬ѣһ
״׷ɢӣնݳԭûзŹһ⴦صʯ¡
ϧˣûаɹҲûԱá
ҲãҪйˣСô죿
ȻȡСȡᣬСĸܷڵһλ
С졭ħͺˡ
ȥиֳףĿ˿
嫵Ϊӿͻƽ׵ٽ㣬ŬƽϢȥòŻָƽ
άѾˣȫ鷳
ΧװֻϡӺԶĵطħͺųУ۲ΧĻ
ĵòĮؾ񣬶ɽʯ밼ݵʯߣ·ϻһ̲̲ǳһĶ̶ͬǣƺԵĵ·ֱͨ˷
ðˣǸϽȥĺá
ôţȴһתѡһ·ʼǰС
ˣתһתɡɢŵɫâĶĵ·ıͷ

ħŲ󡭡»ᱻڷ֡
յգӰ׷ԼǵӴ󣬾һ͵͵ɽŴ
²ù󷨸Ӹӣвпܴأӭѽľ档
ǻذҲˣ»ֱڵˡ
޷质ƽ˵ţֱߵɽŴ۸
ֻ֪ħʵǿѵУȴ˵һ֪质ڽ󷨷Ϊó
󻤷󷨵Ĳ⣬Ǵѧġ
Ӱ׷ЦõؿԼħֱӳȥû£Ⱥʿ֪Ҳ֪ˣħҪѰ졣
ֻǣΪͻȻҪħ硭Ѳλˣ
Ӱ׷Ʋ⵽ʲôħð뿪ʱⲻ֪质ֻиղĺ
Ѫһ֣ڶԷΣյʱֱߡ
ΪΡڻֺ󣬾Ҳûˣ
Ҳá质ߣɽŴҪһʯŲλá
˵ûΣգֻ֡
质Լû֣ü봽ǶЩЦ⣬һյ䵭
Ӱ׷һֱضɽŴƿ˿м䣬ͷʱȻЩᡣ
ħЦáˣ
л˵
ҸЦx



ھʮ 
质ħͬʱ, Ѿһ·ı֮Ƭײ
ϵͳ, ϡжΪϡСֲ۶ަ
ϲּһҲûŹ, ԭɢŵâĵ·úڹ¡ˡ
˽۶ަ, һ·ץ˲ħ, Ҳ˺ܶҩĵֲꡣԽ룬ԽħδĵعһطѾôѰѼĶط
޲ðﵱؾڡ
أխʯ˾ͷȥһƬشԶ, ֻһƬãĻưһ, Ƭİĵط
ôôϴĵط
ϸ˿ӡľ¶ԱһʯȻ֮ǰʱ·һģһ
ħ߾
ôһ, Щݷķͨħ߾һһΡϴνûЩħޣҡˡ
ȵȡ
Ȼ뵽ͯ˵µˡ
ʱ֪Сħ, һֱΪħһֱħ֮Уֻͯһزˡ
ڻ, ڵһغúôŵСȴĪħ硭Ϊʲô
ܲİ, 
ԽԽÿܣȴϸԵ, Ŀǰ
ϴʱһֱ, ˶·Ѱ, 򼷽խɽڣ޵׵Ԩûкúÿһľɫһʵ㲻
ˮ̶Ͷ̶ʪĴ״صֲꡣɢ΢ħ氲ſϵݣ涾󵨵شʯ̽Դ
ȴǼӲʯͷĵطʣµʵǳ֡ΪΧ̫ȥħ绯ʬֳĩ״档
ǣһˮԵȻγɣ˹ڵġ
ϴ
Լʧȥһμ䣬űǰȵܱһŷʯǰмһӰ
ֵطħޣ
ٿϵĴţ컪󣬹Щݵġ
Ƶһʯ棬űǶԻ
ֵطô㣿ô
𼱣ܹа취
ҵ뿴˭취´λûаɣǡ
ͷһһȺ˻жôηǿ˵ġˡ
ħĽ׼ҲʵСǶΪ֮ͷͺ
ܺ˭Ȼܸ뵽һ
˭ôԵ֣
Ⱥ˵ʲôˣħʵ
ʯͷ漱תȦȺħ
ˮȥˣΪʲô
϶㲻С
ܣҴץġ
ѵ⹵̫խˣ
šǰɡ
ԡ
̽ͷһֻһħŸ¨һ㣬עˮĹһ
ɫںڵԾˮУܹ߻ްһβͣͲӰ
ħûжֻעˮ
Ҳţֻˮ沨һ£ַһ˿΢âըһͷ˰׶Ӹ
ħǶʱ۷׷ף㿴ˡ
˵㡣
ⲻΪ𡭡

ͷһμ㻻طôģ˵㻷¶ȲʣҲҪһŻ˥
ӻһô
棬ʼϸ۲ΧĻͼҳԭ
ǹغԼְҵˣҳԭȥҲ̲סǡ
ʱ˿̣ʮǸеͷۡ
ϴħ˵ѽĮؾָǣ־ͷְɣ˵ƶëûУɺôҲħı߽磬൱ڸƹܵȨ
ħȻ˵㡭
Ͳ˰
Ϊʲôƫƫأħﲻ𣿿ͻ𻹺
ʮ̣̲סˣֿʼ϶㲻С
ﶼúúõģһˮôˣ
ǰ棬Ūǡ
ʮԼ۵øӼҡǳˣ뻺һʱһŮĵǾûѹĶ̶ô
⻰ͲˡĳȻص֣ΪʮֻŮˣܿ죬ˡ
԰
ʮ׷תͷȥһɫȹŮվӳغš
ˮ¶̶δ壬ǰ㶼˰
úݵģħޣ
ħ޻ͷһ˵һ߾ؽһֻƣ׼·
ʮΣӶԷ￴һ˿⡣
㣿
ᡣŻش𣬡ұġ
ʮһۼҲһˡ
ѣ죬
ʮħ޺һ°Χѷǣһر

ħһԨȣһǰˢǾĵط
һﱻӴصĽ֣Ѱ̤㣬ͨʿҲ׾ٵؽ롣
ⲢζħûڣʵϣħĽʱƻصȱڡ质ûн临ԭħ籾͸ͨֻΪԭ򣬲óΪһյĵؽ硣
ΪħҲΪˣ质ʱϡ
Ӱ׷ܡ
质ħΧӰ׷뿪ȰнȥԼڣû˵ڣͼ质̧һ֣ͳһ
ļˡӰ׷˿ĭ̧ͷ˵ı顣Ϊ׷ħٶȣⱣԭΣȴǲû׷ϡ
ȥʮһҡӰ׷˵꣬ҪΣȴ质¡
Ҫע⡣质Щ
Ӱ׷򣬽ĮؾҪѵħɱ֮ܿǳ֡ΪʲôȻΪ˿Ϊ
ˡӰ׷˳ſͿʼѰ
ʮζҵˣ

Ҳ˵̶ǻѰһЩˮĲݣ
ԡû⣿
Уһ֮Умʱյ
Ǳûˡ
иɻ⣬ΪʲôŸָȥ
ǿʳһˮҲˡ
ŶҶˡ
ǣʳ棬ܲιħ
ٴˮͶ𣿡
ѽ˼ǲˡ

ʮΧǱʼǣ̬ȣȸħ𿪻ʱҪ
ħ𽻴񰡣ħ´һģҪûɣǾˣ
ʮˢˢذղ˵صȫ£ˣǻҪЩصȡħѯʶӦ
ǰŮ̸֮ʱһ˳ǵļֱͷ̲סս
ħˡ
оǼϤǱܵη壬ÿħٽǶӦ

ֱΧʯͷϵħˢˢվ
ǸʲôһҲվ
òǷ˰ɣ
ħˡ㻹Ǳһܰɡ
ħС죿ɻ󣬵վʯͷ档
Ӱ׷ʮħתһȦõĻظ룺ȥĮؾˡ
֪Ϣ质һĮؾ
ԶԶأϤʮӰ
Щ˲úôԼ̣ʲôӰ׷ɵϴ质ѵ
ǡ
һϤζӿǼ䣬Ӱ׷ʱһ㶡
ԣһɸϤζŮӵħζ˴롣
Ӱ׷ǲһˣ󻤷ڣ϶֪ﻹеʮˡ
ô⣿
ʱۡ
ȮѵҲħ
ʱ䣬뵽Ȯȷʵƺħ𡱣ʱֻΪ޵ӲŽƣȫûǷ롭
漴һϤĳɫӰӳѹǵأƾˡ
ʮħһڵأħˡ
ؿ质Ĳжʱӿֳָӡ
Ȼ½ŷˣֻȮҡһ䣬һĨҾʹչ֣Ϥľҷɫ˫һǹǸС̯ϰ塣
գգۣŭЦðȻݵġ
Ӱ׷ʼ质㱨˵֮䣬ӣоζˡ
ȻתͷʯͷŮ


ʯͷ߳质ȻɫߵӰ׷ǰӴⲻ
ʮ볯ǿ۾һԤеһϷݡ
Ӱ׷ɫӲһһԼֱ߽վǰ
ѸܵħͶϵ߱ʮֱ䡣
⻹µģ룬ħڻ֪˫ݲġ
ô˵Ļ
Ӱ׷иֳһ˿ֻţԴħ紳δйĸܡ
㲻Ҫ
л˵
ҹ~



ھʮ 
Ĭ
û˸ȳ
𶨶վӰ׷ǰ, ¶ϵش
Ӱ׷ƵĿ质֮еؿħŵĿ⡣

Ӱ׷, ֪Ӵ, ڸӰ˺ˡ
Ҳֻ, ڱħ֮ǰ, Ȱﰲס
Ͼ͸ˣħֻĻ

£˵ʲô
Ӱ׷΢Цʵ˼ʼѳζҴʡ
Ȼ˸顣
ǰĹˣڹмʱͬ, ԷһɫƤë, ƶϳڹдĺںֻαװ
ڣû˶ñڣһ˫ֱȮ쳣Ŀͷ, 
β͡
һ̾ϢӰ׷ޱľ
û뵽㾹Ȼħ¡
̫ʧˣǸĹ
Ӱ׷ҲܳĬ¶һĨиеЦ, ֻһʱ˸Ҳ£𣿡
, վһ͵ʮɫ⻰󻤷ʶ
ʶһ, ǲϣǧ¸ħ𣬲ȻԵ̫ûá
ħ𡭡ħô룿
ûס, ֱĿͶһԵ质
质쵽ʮĿ, 䲻ɨһ, ʮϻͷװ·
˭Ҳʱùͷ
žһӣ质̲סȴΨִϿı顣
ܹһЩħݣ߿õˡ
ݱ¶һ̣Ȼ˱Χ׼ûôڶݵ뿪Ժ󣬻һ
ΪˣӲѯŮħĿֻΪƬ̣ƽ
ʹˡ
ڣƺѾ޷ٽİάȥ
ǰŵˣ质Ŀ⽥䡣
ǲС
վûٽӰ׷Ļ
ΪѾҪ۾գÿˡ
գۣͨһ˼ĳڳ˵˼
ĳˡСô
תͷһ质֪ǲΪԼĵ̣εİˣ¶Ƭһ¡
˿̣ƺ֪ʲôһ״̬
̫˽Сˡ
жٴΣôС춼ˣΪ
ôһ롭Ȼڶһˡ
̲ס
ðɡɤӣתģֻֻӣҲǵˡ
û˼Ӱ׷ЦЩħ֮ҲޣǶħ÷ǳƽ
ƽȤˡ󻤷ͻȻתһ£ֽϣԣŬɻҲǻøӳʵȫǲǣھΡ
ʾл
ʮţ¶ɻı顣
󻤷˵ʲôأôܹƽеġ족͡ӡ
СĶΪҲǵײ㣬յ£Ψֱͬ൱ϡ
棡
ǲ󻤷Ļ˵ϹҲһ
ǣҲޣע⵽ʮˣոսʱСһһͷһ̧ͷӲ˱塣
ܸܵԺ˶ľƵϢĻΪʮֻ·ˡ
ǰħޡӰ׷΢Ц
ѵвģ𲻽̡
ǸħҲмʵãֱ˵ǡӰ׷˵ţ⿴һ质ħҲ˼
质΢΢ףͬӰ׷˵
Ȼܲħ˼ٴοӰ׷߿˼֡
Ҫô˵أǼʶˡ
ʮˡ
ֻǿϷѣôһգ۾ͱ󻤷ˣ
ʲôǸʲô
ħ˼ôΥ
ʮ͵͵质һۣͷȫҳ
ҲûʲôҪõĵطڲϤħޣԱž裬ΪԼС־ͷŷҡ
ɵĿһ˺Ĺʱǰ˼ֱ
ǣˡת˸䡣
质̧
ɡȻЩ˸ղſеġˡ˭˱ħ𡭡˭ôֵ
ȻС컹Ǻϲˮġ
质ЦЦȻ˾
ʮ˿
Ǻħһûš
ֻһ΢ؾòԡôоħ
˵֮䣬ע⵽ʱѾʱ
̻ؾرˣûлȥ
ؾŶˣ
øϿȥüͷ΢壬дϼֽɲ뱻¡С߰
ħ޵棬˽ϰ߳ڵǸ֡
ǵøħӶԲԣ
质΢ɫЩš
ûһĽŲʱûͲ٣˼֣㲻ߣ
ǰˣħ𱾾͸ôħŶԡ
һΣǡ˰ɡ
и˿û˵ģ质͵ߡ
Ҵȥ
⻰ʱʧЦ˵øĵطһ
ĪĿģ˵Ϊʲô
֮ʮ𾪵Ŀ质סƿһ뿪
ǡǡʮЩͣһ󻤷
ϰ߾ͺáӰ׷ȥıӰתͷЦλħΪӵˡ֪ôɡ
ʮͷ絷⡣


㣬ȥˣҲ㡣
͸˳ˣ˸ʦ˵һȻһЦҡ
ŹȻʧˣҺã׼֮ǰˡ
Ŷ´οҪǵðͯص˵ͷߣ̻ؾҵıͲժҩݡ
ת۾͵˰ƾţԶԶ质ָĻȮ׹ǰƺڱѵ
߽ҪҪ˵ʲôת۾Ϳֻڰ׵ţèһСܹݣ˻ȮԱߡ
ɡ
ȻֲõԤС
һ룬ֻ챻ڻè䣬Ȼһڷ׷Ĵˡ
󻤷һ㱼䣬Щν
û뵽ʵû뵽ȻСˣ
һȵһʯͷһ졣
ͷǿܵüۣͬһұĻ
ӣĸо

˺գû质
ͶιС㣬ܣرߵĽ硭ǲǸˡ
ħĳĲ֪룬ٵԵĽһ
ˣǾ͵ˡ
Ȼûȵҹһİϼһأˮյͬһﾰľӣһټĳﾰ˳˽Ļ
ǡȻԭģҪҪħӰ
ðɣͳף
𲻹մʪ·û质ΪƿǰԴ
Ϊ质ȵƣһδ͸ˮƮӳŸŨϼ⡣
ʱ·ʹ˾ֹ֮䣬˼ȻƮ˺Զ
⼸գֿʼμǸξ
ֻظһͱĻ棬һпʼޱʻᣬ֮顣أҲõжɣܹڸȥ硣
ڣħ磬سͯءһкʵһкܶ಻һûܵǴɣûڣԼͯʶȻڣԼҲԽܵ顣
ֱεڵƳأȴǸϤӰ
֮ȥÿһĵطһĵطڻħ磬ûзŹһ䣬ֱòһʵ
û
л˵


ھʮ 
ת۵ء
һϲ, װ껻£ɨݣӿʼԤ, ȴꡣ
Ŵ֮, ΨһһģʢĽա
, һճɶˡ, ɣ̣һҷŵϣһǰǧʮöʯһ㡣ﻹһûȥ߻ţ
ɣù, ķ·ʵ
, ˡû¶ͱվˣȥȥȥɣд¼ֺ֣ÿ, ͷǰ׳۵Ķɨһ顣
׽࣬Ŀ㣬⼸Ϊ, ΪƵɣȻҲæͷͺ
Ķ鳤, Ҳһˡ
, 쿪ʼСꡣ
һƵӻؼҹ, Сǰһɽžۡ, ӽ糿ʼ, ɽԱ࣬
˾ߵòˣҲϢһ¡ɣһдһߣ⼸۵ۻᣬԺǰ쿪ʼСʯٶʮö
һӽӹæ߳
ԱһУɽ𣿡
ɽϹĵĸꡣһΪɣ̫Ϥûע£ڶɽȵ꣬Էȴǰȵڹ˸ꡣ
°ɡɣñʸ˵°룬¶һЦöһɽ̫įҾһɽϹꡣ
ǿɲɡܾ˭뵢˻ؼҹ꣬һҲįʦͯʦڣұ㹻ˡ
Сûĵġɣ̾˿ˣǱɣҲǡ
ǲͬɽ»м˵šЦЦ΢Ρ
ǲĵܵܣˡǰҴЩóԵĻȥɼ˻ôɣô˵ü۽ȴЦ⡣
Ѿõ˼ֲ
˰
Ѿܾûˡ֮ǰҲǣҲǣѾϰûм˵ĸоҲܿ˷Ҫĸоϸ룬Ըһֱûдĵʧ
⣬Ⱳûиˡ
Լ·ƻʱضκˣпѡһˡ
һ뵽Щ;ÿϧ
ϧСǸˡ
ϧС˾ˣǸħ
˵˭ԸĵԷУиΣҲֻ˰ɡϾǻ֪Եĺܶࡪš˵֮¡
ϧǸħΪħʺæ˵ʵڻܻΪʲô̹Ȼﵱôõ㡣
ù
ðеĽһͺˣʮ˺ǿ㣬һСйˣ
ôһ˲䣬е붽质ħ
ˣ²ɢⲻ׵ͷףǵҸС
ѡֳɵе
ҲҪɽᶨ
ɣȵؿһۣȥ
֪ȥģ䡣
ɽϹˣ
šܶʦʦ㶼ɽϹ꣬ҽҲȥЦ
ȴһؼ̽׵ĵӣʣµĵҲûкܶɽϡ
ڹʱõ൱ȴվ˼ŨζˣڷȫȥĹ󣬵ǱѵõлҸطһʱ䣬˼Ϊʵ
꣬Ҳ˼Ȥ
ԣ˭ء
ңһԣӰ׷ܳͷĹһ£ɽꣿ
˫ɫ۾ģ·һҡβ˵á
׺Ӱ׷Ҳʱ¶Σò˵һԭʼɫԶȺں˳۵ö࣬ҸȻ
Ӱ׷ԭΪȮżʱкóԵġ
ҡӰ׷ǸЦѹȥħһע·ֻҪһͷժĹͷ
СҲСæҡҡͷпЦѡħԱߣôƫƫأ
Ϊʲô𲻽⡣
㡭ҡϾŮܲף㣬վ̫ʡһڣӰ׷Լ졣ƽʱܻ˵ļɴ˿̷·ʧЧˣһǰħ·Ҳס
еҲǡӡѩأ
֪˵֣תͷСè䡣
ҡèԣ
Ӱ׷ƴ۾
ӡѩһۣЦ˻βͣҲȥɽοֲϹȻõħǻʵʵα鷳
¾ˡܴܲһеһȥЩΪߣ´ɽĳЩĳŵ׷Ŵƻİꡣ
ǡ
ȥĬõ质ڿڡ
Ȼ质˴ڸмǿղһֱĬţҲӡ
˿̣˫ƽǲѰٵĲ
֮ʲôԹˡ
ǡɡ
ΪβħأӰ׷ȴ޲ΪԼħơԣܰѻУħһֱǲõҸģ
æ
ħСӰ׷ӵذ质ˡ
Ĭһ£ʹСһֱƳסţҲܾΪħһʲôΪ֪ħ磬ڿ̫ˡ
ǣðɡŵ˵ͷתǱߵӰȥʰһ£Ǿɽ
á质üչӳ¶˼͡
ҹĻܿ콵ˡ
ˮȺɽŸȥ
ӽ쿪ʼʽżˡ
Ӱ׷æƳغֺһСڣİ׺ףתͷɽ
ߵɽſʱ̲סͷһۣɽ·ʯŵƽʣɽһϲĺɫôɽʯԳּ
Сɫǳ̲סԱһСϵɫⴿĻвΣҲÿ
뵽⣬𴧽ŵĽңĽ串סָĦ˼¡
̫󵨡
Ϊ˴质ɽһðյľϴӴ߳ȥ
ڵ֪СħолµɽŴ󣬷󷨾ȻɽſڵλΪ϶ԣ˵һȱڡ
ΪҲĵ˲ĿŵشӴŽ
͸ᡣ
ϷӸǱ䡷֮Զˡ󡷣רŽ󷨡
Լϲ˸С质ϵͳĴ﹦ܽҴٰѽҷ֮С
رա
Ҳûа¶Ŀܡ
֣ɵס࣬˿ȻظȺɽš
¶Ҳ˶Բߡ˳Ż뿪Ӵٲ
֮󣬻û֮ô
ܿ죬Լˡ
ھɽŵһɲǣ㣬ֱɽţ߳üԶطѾˡ
취Ȼԣ
һʱ䲻֪һãΪϵͳ
Ͼϵͳ翴ҲĶ±Ҳ뵽һħ𡭡
׳ڵɽһ·ţ;ҲһȵںԶˣڽҴ򿪣˳
ɫ£һϮɫ۵Ŀǰ¹ļϣҲͷ˳ĺڷȾϼ˪ɫ
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ǰ˿һ䲻ǰȥ֡
质ǰ
·ˡյüȻΪ质һڣȻƤû£ɵְ˻ȥ
ҹ˿ħƤ΢΢졣
ȥźӶ԰ԶдƬĵƻ𣬽һ߰ǽĹյͨ߶ӳů졣
ûй꾭ħ΢΢һ»ôԶ
Ӱ׷û𣿡ػͷЦӯӯȥˣ⼸춼档
ֻҺ㡣
л˵
룬ҹޣι



ھʮ 
ƽ
һλʮ￪ĳ, Լǧ˾ס
ʱǧ˵ĳѾ൱ɹˡδӣ͵Ĺվ, ¥۴α, ߺ˷, ·, Լð
ϻ̽׵ˣⱾͲĵ·ӵ
Ƭ̣ջǵǱȺɢ̧קס质ӣȺ߽ƽ
۾ǴƬ޵ĺ졣
Ÿ˺ֱ֧̯λҲõĺ첼, һ͸¶ϲ졣
̫йĸоˡҲǵһɽй, رĽգֻĴʵȤζ̲סӿŲ, ˲ǣŵˡ

质ƾקţ˳ӵظһߣĿȴǰ˳ָϡ
Ӿͺˡһ֡
̫˼ˡߵһյ̯λժ¼ϵһöƺ«, ֵȥ
㿴ɰ𣿡ת, ѹα质, ȴźطⶫȫô¡
綼һ
质ӹ⴮ָۣԲཱུĺ«Ħһ, ܿɰ
ȴ֪˵˭
ûеɲ, ۾һ, ǰɣҲá
ǰ̯ϲЦǺǵأӣԱߵĹһɣ˵ǸС˻Ĳǣ
⻰һ˵꣬ԱһŮɲŮòһԡ
ɣòÿŮȡһöͬĽģĵķ۰ףɷǺÿ
΢΢ͷĵ˫۲תڴӵĻӦ
ģȻǺõġӼ˵黰ϸŮüЦжǾˣͳɰϲҪˡ
ϡϲӹͭҴ˰ڰ֣Ŀȥ
ţתͷЦеؿ质ӡ
ڴĿ£质Ҳ̽ڣȴһ
ûǮ
ֶħƽòοҲҪ
质΢΢£ȴٳûóѾڿܲƬûˣּǵ˵۶Ҫš
һʱΡ
ϲЦˣ˿Ȼάֲס飬ɫ质Щ
ģѵģܴôƯĹίˡ
ЦóѶһõͭ塣
ϲӹͭ壬ָֻ˴Цݳ«ۣ
һƳ质ﰡҼŮҲô󣬱ͷҶ죬˿ɵó׼ඣ
ۡãлϲסЦ⣬ǿࡣ
ոտ质ǮʱҪǲһǮˡ
ʵ֤̫ࡪħôǮƶСǹϡ
˳˳Ǵµĺɫգϵ质䡣
ȻǺܴֹܹζ
뿪̯λּߣȻʲô첽ߵ质ǰɻĿ£׽סղװǮֻ֡

𶯣Ҽһ¡
ƿ质ӣɨһۣץؿһ飬ûժµİ̺۲ŷĵɿ֡
ûֱӰһƬȻǲŽп
质Ծظ򷽲űץյλã΢ȵ¶Ȼûɢ罥䵭ȴһӡ
ų
߰߳Զͷŷ˻ԭվţεغ
µһҪҵطס
ôţٶקס质䣬ʼڴСѰҿջò˵ƽȿȥӷһ·֬ˮ·Ӻü˵¥ݼΡǷ㣬磬ʳ
ˡ
˼䶼סˡ
λûշˡ
ûˡ
ҿջشʹǰ׼ҲЩй
˻డʵһҿջʱ̲ס̾
ǾͶˡСɫΪԺҿλǱİɣϹᣬƻᣬᣬԶ˶˿ɲͶˡ
᣿£ʲôʱ򣿡
ϿʼС˵ֱʮ壬ÿ춼ܿ~
~
Ȼıƻˡ
ԭŸҲֻܹҹɽ¹ͻȥһС򲻽˶֣ôģʮҲ⡣
ڵȵʮŻ
ǣⲻûһҿջס˰ɣ𲻷׷ʡ
һƬ϶ûˡСЦ˶ס÷㡣Ҫҿջȥԡ
ãлˡлִ质һ߸ϡ
质ֹ
˵ԼԴصħϢʱ䣬־Ůͬ⡣
ħֻһŴ齡
ԽʯţѾˡ
Ϊ˲Ǻ䶯ŵͨʹǻС
ͺѡ
Ż˽Ųؾ质飬Ŭɢ˼άƣ
ѾˣҪ
ǣָһܺá
ţ̲ס¶֮΢Ц质ע⵽͵飬װ£ǰС
ѪʹȻܸоõ
ֻǲ֪Щʲô
质ķϣŲһһΡ
·ǵҵ㻰ģ˳Ÿղŵ˼ʣС죬ʲôΪˣ
ѹΧӵĺܣԼ˵ʲô̫
ڡ
һ㶣ǴŴȣǸս׵˳ڣ
ǡ
Ŷ̶̼£Ѿ
´βǶɽˣ
뵽˵ϹԨѪ׽ٶȫһͲľս
Ǵڵ׵Ϳٲϡɽͷ
ôô찡̲סԹƳػʳܺ
质üͷһ죿
𣺡
ˣ⡣
ڣҵһпշĿջ
ֻһˡ˷ۺӣǶһۣɣλδ㰡
质ʶ𣬷ϹȻ¶Щɣұġ
ɡһ˲˾תͷͣѾôˣջ϶ֻʣһ䷿ջҲûϷʱһٱ˶ߡ
Ҿֻ˯ĽҰˡ
质´
ҿջΪջ治ȴܸɾࡣһ߸ŵС¥һ߸Ǵڣ˹ͷĵڶ䡣
λķ䡣ССؿ质һۣ¼ϵĨǲ˲ӣʲôҪҾͳɡ˵꣬ĵذæš
һƬš
ƾӶʵСοվһˡĨʵڻۣ̲ס̧ͷȥ
üãҲ޿ޣĽһ㵭⣬ÿգһ¶ҡ
ûãԷƲߣعͷ¶ǳЦ⣬˼Ȼƽޱȡ
⴫ķ紵ҡΣӳǽϵӰҲ֮ζ
պѹ֡
̲סȥźľϴһϴ֣·质ʱƺоĺ
ȥҪԵġϴ꣬ҲƵĳţһ
֮ǰڻûʲôദҲȻֻˣİĵطͱáá
˵
ϾСħ
ĲĿڣҰοڻͺһ󣬴һС˻
֮ʱ仹ƽҹܿˣ˸˯ʱ
ֻһ˵СûΣһڴǰĬˡ
ȥ档ã质
áס˳Ųš
质ͣһ£˵䡣
ֻһ֮㿴ӵĴ̣ⴲ̫Сˡ
û¡ӽͰͣ˰ͳһף۵һ·ŵϡ
Ҹ˴
л˵
质



ھʮ 
˻һ, 质˳Ĭ
в̫һ
Ŀϡ
һƵ̳ӣ״Բ, ʵϸ塣ʢŹˮ, ۱̵ˮ, ǳƵϾ¡
Ҳ֪ˮ̳еġ
质Ĭ, ڵץӽ˽ҲǸ̳ӡ
˵ǡסΪûв첻֪͸˸չ޴档
ôֻҪװˮܵ, Ҹ̳Ѿܺˡ
ڽͣҼǵܱС, ˯治ٴҲ̫͡ˣ̫ðᡣ
ŵƳصˮأ
͡
质ԺֳָǸģ, ٴһ¡
ǵǲ׽ô
质ϵ̳˰Σ˵ҹ۸Щ̫Űա
ôûоãȻؿ, סǿջ¥ȥֻܿӰ, ңԶƲеһ
质Ȼߵű, ʣҾ棬»Ҿͺá
աһ, ǳӰѾ⡣
ڴϷһ, ֿ˿յ, һµɵϡ
ħһҹߡ
质ϰ˲߲ݣſڱǽ˺񣬻ѰҹشĵСһ̫㣬һ˸ǰš
ȴĹߴתΪİףҹҲ͹ȥˡ
ջ¥¿ʼн̸أ
˳¥ӣСæµȵӰһǰأڵķҲӶشţҪô¥ԷҪôŵ͡
͹٣糿ЩʲôȵСһ·ʱ̲סһһĿˡ
Թԣ˿ɲǣС质ŵʱ򣬴ĵ˸
ԣ质ͷ˿ţ峿ʮְһ㶯Ҳû
ǻûѡ
质ʱŮżҲأҡҡͷȵȵȡ
ϣС˿æ¥
质ǽȡ
ʱ޵ߣ׾Թ϶գ۱֮ãȣҲʲô⡣
ֱ¥һδ㡣
Сһοʼȥ质ˣüͷ΢壬˻Ϊˣ
Сŭ质Ͱͣ͹٣ѾѾʱˣҲˡ
֮óԷˡ
ٴСʣԵʲô
Ѿˣ
质Ⱦͷһȴ򿪵ĴһݣֻƼïܵӰʱȻ͡
ڡ
质򴽣ᰴʱι֪ʱˡϾһһͣͨʱ
ڵСصȻػʱ㴫˽Ųţ˴򿪣һĨɫӰǰ
˯һŮշۺ죬۽ǻһʪۣǸմˮչܽأ
ۣ¶һԾ˵Цǲ̫ˣ

ŶĵСлȲõҨһһڣ̣
质Լǰ⽣ˮӳԼӰƮȺİ
Ҳ԰ִµһ֪᲻ò㷹óԡ

质˽⽣ʹðƮ࣬䡣
Ҳ赲סߡ
쵽质ԼϵĿ⣬̲סһԼԷ·֮
һһ·̽˵ҵڵĵӷ̫ۣǵʲô첻ǻ˵вô
ӣڵĳᣬôְɣ
յϺ׶ƵĶװڶһŰ޵ıߣԱůͷƽɢɫɼµķ裬Ӽһഹ£
质ţֻýԵ쳣ɿɰһֻڵӡ
ܿɰʵ˵
һ˲漴Ӧ˵Լ˶ͷܴ͸һеĿⶢ⽣ԡԷ
洫һЦ
ոôˣ̫ûˣ
в֪ԼϸֳΣΪ򶨵ؿʼ͡
׳꣬ҲѾˡ
ȡǾ䣬Сסһʱ䣬ȹ꣬ʮĵƻٻȥи˸ղšΪôûӡԣϵȶҲɹȥԼļƻ
ʲô뷨ħ翴
û˵꣬㿴质һ˫üۣġ
һʧ
֮߳ջڸ䡣ʱԶʮ֮ϣӰ׷͵ӣ̾Ҳ֪ħûҸķӡ
ָħ˳ʲôˣӡѩڵڶرߣĵβɨµѩ
ô⣿Ӱ׷üͷһĴγĲϲߣ
ðɺðɡӡѩҲû󻤷ǾʦһղҲֻЦѣʲô⣿
Ҹħơֱǣġ򡯡ǣ֡
֡ӡѩӣö񡭡
ǵ˼ܺò£ֻǷʱְˡӰ׷
ò£ӡѩЦôò£Ͼû˼ˡ²ʲô
ԣ˯档Ӱ׷Ѹٻش˼˵Լļ⣬ǸĹӲħ㲻ħ緢ʩƵĶ
ʱҲûħ˶ӡѩ˸Ƿҿħô͸ˡ
ҲûܡӰ׷£ȷʵеڵħ𣬸ħħ֮𣬷·һ
ǰ
ʲôӡѩʡ
ȻΪ֮˻ǮˡӰ׷˼νġ񡯣ǿӶģңİ֮˺ãôֻ˵˵
Ŷܶӡѩ΢һ˫ɫèͫðĹ⡣
ϾҲ˼̵ӡӰ׷˵ţЩꡣһȥˣڵֻ
ǣҾͲˣһҪ⡣
ʲô
ħǮ𣿡

ƽ
ȵ˽ϣ质Ǿ˼䴫е׻һǮѵӢۺ
ƽȻΧŴƬأĶ࣬ν
һСϵı㶼Щ֬ۡѡᣬںѼģֱۻңĿϾӡ
ÿŮһ֣质Ǿ䡰ҸȦ˵ڡ
ôˣ˼ҪǮ3
С죡ĻϲؽһͻȻʶ棬æסҿһȦû߿˿
֣ϲ͸㡣
质ǰȥһ֧һͼֵƵӣģġ
̵ϰﱧ¯ϴżرķϣǿ质һۣһ˿ޣȥЦȻ
Ψһһӡ
һԣ׽ص㡣
ǰϰﻺһЦҰһ֧
ܿ죬ϰȡһֻӣ򿪣¶һֻģȸղֻӻӡ
һӾͿˣǮ
Ҫ͸ϰָָ质õ϶Ĵ𸴡
һ̾ǺøˡɲҪ
䲻⻰⣬һ£ôḺң
㲻֪Ůӣ֮⣬ΪϰڴһЦŮأŮΪޣᷢ
ҿǡͶϣβΪͣ
һ㶣ӵҲҲǡ
ҪһӼ趨ֻСﰡ
ӡʵǲˡ
ôÿ
Ŀ⼸棬˭ܿжôᡣ
ϰ洽һЦĿڶ֮ƣѽҶˡûУұˡ
˵ţҪװӵľС
ȵȡʶֹ䣬һִֻӹľС
ȻϲΪβҪ质עԼδ͡
˵˰Եġϰü䣬ַ飬Ǹ˵ģԼʱ򡭡
עѾϰĻˣֱ质֣ʰƬɫĶʣӿ
ǡϰҲǸʶˣҪӹ
˵ʱʱ죬׽ס质һơ
质һȴҲ֣Լִȥ
ϰҲգЦؿֿӣҪǲҪ
·ʣԵǶǲ
ʶס质½ǡ
ѡ֢ˡ
л˵
ϰ
ϰ⻰˵ˮƽ·ڸɫ



ھʮ 
ջǰˡ
ΪϰĻ, ȫ֪ýʲôͷͳȥˣҲôһ˼
质ĵעӣ֡
źĸ, ܵȤ, Ӵһʰ
质, רΪö, εͬʱҲЩãȻǴ󻤷飬ΪŮЩڿƺǷˣ
Ƴʯ壬ߺ˷ܼȺŲϣ·Ƽ
质߹, ȫߡ
źµ䵭, һɴӹ͸Ĵȣ˲ΪļҸۡĹ𽵹ϣֱƲۡ
ע⵽ͶĿ, żԶҲ֪˭ɵġ
ͷһۣ˫ӣűתͷ
ʵ̫ۡ
𲻽ʱҼһδ޹ﶼæðæ, ҪǿС죬ͺɰͲ˵, ҪҸð
뵽, ̲סһЦּӿ˽Ų
˼ĺӱ, ŻͷղǱʾˣ㷽ʲôӣ
质, ʣۣ
质, ҵҲ󡪡
ҲС𲻽ǰ˵ҪҾ֮ҪҵģҲҵģɺ͸ˣ
ǿǾϰ
ߣ͸ǣֲ۵ֻƯĶˡ
质΢ӸЩЦ⣬ҵƬԻ𡭡
ӣš
û
质˲ˡ
ҵģԺ׼۸κˡҡ𣿡
Ǹڱƺ̫ȻħУŮӾȻģټһƵůɫ·ֻշС졣
质Σ֪ȻˡͷӦ£á
ʱɫѾ
ؿջ·ϣ质ıӰֻһɽǰΡ
ˡѳס
ʵˡ
صͷŽĶҶܺĵʢװУòµʱֱӰæ͵ջ
ⶼΪõ˵ôණɵң质㶼ϡ
޷质棬ĿЩӹ̧۵桭ҵĶأ
Ϊڴֻ֣Ǳɵģ׽͸
޳ƺͰָϣֻĵ˵˫ۣǽҲں˳մϴ׵ѩӡ
ǲܸġ
һתˣ˸Ŷһסȭͷֻ˵ơȻעϣĿҲĶƶ
СʱȵģҲľ߱ʱķ
~ſʮָĵϡ
ǿ
质ƣٶȲȻŲɵ

ĵ¶ȺܸߣѲˡ
Լκ㲻ˣƾ质ţĿĵעŶԷͼǴķ֡
йȻá
ֻ˶Ʈһ糺죬ҲֳƣȻɫ˼˼ɿ֣һǿ򶨵վȳȥˡ
ûһֱĿǳıӰ뿪䣬Źϡ
Сÿ
ֻЩ󡭡ֱ̧λεżָӡһҲͨͨ
Ƕ찡̿յ̫ˡ
תֹһ졣
ȵڶȥʱҪǮͼ质ͳ顣
ִԲ󣬹ĿΪϳˡ
ֻϧƽ˲ôϲﻻ质ҪֻǮ
𸶹Ǯְһߣңۻܱ飿

ûСΣ质һ䡣
𣿡ɵؿж٣
质ͳһССʮ飬˼ȥֵǳɰǧ
ģʣ˵ʵ

һѯʺ֪ħܵӱߣȻҵһҪ˼Ǯ
ſˡ
˳ȫҶ
ʱ֡Ǳӣĺô
ȻҲʡʣҪ㻹ǻɡ
质⣬ȴǶȻµġ
лζ
𵱼׹ĸָҪħﻹȥĶ
ǲᣬǲҡ
ץŲԽ˽质űǡ
ͷʺţȴǰһƵս
пգȥӱʳлֻ

ƽ֪жӣϸתһ飬ʮҲһꡣ质ĲӱŻˡ
ٽʱֽһѩ
ⳡѩµüʱһ£ѾõĿ˼ʪҪǣʱãһҲʮĵƻỨᡣ
ͷװعͷ¯̡
ѩ󣬽ֵϵˡǶ䣬
Ҳһ׻һƬʱΪˣֱСֶ˸䲻䣬ҪҪ
ѩˡ
ߵɫѾڣҸĵţһƬůУëĴѩҲԵò¡
ڴǰһ㴰ֽϸӰ಻̲סƿ
һӵӿѩһֱӰĺ࣬æϡ
䣬ܴ
ˣڿ质һʱʶסһ˯ɡ
质عͷĿȻ
Ȼ⻰Щ壬Ŀڣǣ˵
质ڵӳϵ⣬Ҳ䡣
һ䣬ͻȻֳ󻤷ħħ𣬸ʾʱʾҪ¶Ӱϻбǿһֱ˭ҲµӣǵҲ
ҹ䣬¡质˿ڡ
˵µʱݿ绪һ˴˫۽һһֺС
ħδй֮ָоⲻȣĦһ˼ʱµģȡ֣Щ˻
质ı飬б𾪵
ûзӦ质ΪԼĲλһ¿Щħǽʱַŭ顣
͸Ӳ԰ˡ
˰ΣɵԼտ˻þ质ˡħ𡭡һħô˵Ӧµİɣ
ɵǡ˯
䣬ĨɫӰԥ˻
ܸоϵƭˣ
ٷѾˣʣ˯
ϣЩš
ֻ质ǰԼ˱ˮá
һħҲûг
质䲻ڡ
һαֱ质Щ⣬üͷһ۾Ƴ¡
ţ
˻
豭ˡ

ţ𿴼质ޱϵĲʼӡ
еЦ
ЦһӣƵİѱӳͷ˯ɡ
ƴµĵӳֽԳһʵů⡣űӣ󱳽ǽԽԽɣԺ˯˹ȥ
ȵҹȻһξѣ۱㿴ǰճļӰ
С졭̽غ
Ӱתͷһ
ԼϷմһ㱡亹
ոǸʵЩˣμ质ͯײϣ˵˺һѻ
ԭȷʵôһξ顣
ֻʱڲһ
Ȿġһ뵽ԼСģЩˬ
Ӷѡ
ôˣ
˼֮䣬质Ȼߵߡ
ҹ˫۾ֱǹ⡣һͷֽһ¡
㡭Ҫ˯һ뵽ԼҪħţʱоѹɽᡣ
˵Ϊ˸جΡ
¡
л˵
ݼе氡



һ 
ܵߵĴ³, һµʱѾˡ
ղȥˣô³仰
һǰҹ˼ٶۡΪԼҲ
Ҳ˯ˡ
űӱߣֻ̽ԴջĴͦÿ, ͼʲô̫塭
¶ΪŶ, 岻Ҷ, Ȼſա
м俪ʼ, ϰһ˯䲻һˣֻûڣһҲ
˯ɡ˯˾ûˡ
𲻸תͷҲҶ͵͵һ质һĴɵʮֹ, ûκԽľٶ, ΢
ôûӦСȻ㣬ҲǸء
˿, 质ҲŴ
Ŵ˵ֶխ΢˫ϥ壬ܱ֤Լȫ档
ոջôӦ
˾, ͸质ܵһ˿һ˿¶, ܿͽһԥ˺档
, Ըתڻ, 㲻ӵˡ
质űǼƵһƵ, ΢΢˶ʮϤ, ÿһ죬ż
ţͲ֪ȥ˶ã质ȥ֮ʱߵᶯ˶ø
һ㷽ҡ
Ӷߴ质δü壬͸оƬһ˹
غһˡ
质˼Ƭ̣һٶŲŲ
ƫͷŮѾ˯Щֻʶӵˡ
质˫ۡ
ûãָ֪ĶֽŲõ
ٶЭСŲŲ
Ķһظ˺üΡ
δȫĵ𣬰ΰѼ䲻Ծ⼷ȥǱʶɻԱôôС
ֱһˣ
ѣŬۿ򴲱ߡ
质ˡ
С죿Сģ
¡´ĵ˯ɡ
𣺡
ħ´ȥô죬ߵȡ

ת۾͵˳Ϧ
һƬУջ̺òˣСƹҾϣöԶ˱007еھΡ
һҹջֻʣˡ
űͣЪĿյСϺ¡
ϰǸ·ɣ˵һԸܳ棻ǻũĿĻ涷ޣԪƻǲƵĵƾͲ˵ˣλӹ͢ϻĵƽĵģС
С˵üɫ裬ʱȣƹ˺ü£Ӧѹס
˼˼ǸղǾû˵ģУƻиͳŮһд棬ٰѵƷŷɣܰͷϣ˫ɡ
ʺ
˿质¶ɣʵǲǡ
á质˵С䣬ˡ
Ľͱ˻ȥ
Ҳǣһ֮Ե˽ƺҲû̫бҪ
质תͷûٷǵͷԹԳԶ۵ײ͡
СӲֱȥ̨ñдʱ͵ص㣬⼸طֵģλ͹Ҫпգȥ
л质ӹֽţɨһۣ
ȥ׼ˣ껹
һҿŴɨŰꡣһûʲôڿջţС飬Ǵ¥ϣջϰСſڵص
˴Ѿвٰĵ̿ʼˣڸ˻æԼ£ֻСС̶֣ʱͲ质ȥ˹䣬ֻˡ
Ŀ꣬ǳĴᡣ
ʵ峿δ۾¥´ò֡ƿһװɸ·ħĶųһ߹滹һȺϲ졢ЦŵСӡ
ˣ
质ûȻӦֱӱקߡ
ѩδûɨĵط۵Өסһڵأһ߱һߺϵ˸ϡ
ԽԽӴҲ·߸һүүǺ«һ质
质νӹһ䣺䡣
ħһŰĳѣǹǵɽ髹·һģӿ̳ġ
߹߿о͸ϼ࣬ȸϼģöࡪƽ˵Ųɴ壬ȫֵôֳ̯ǽĿյռмѽա
֮ǰֹ质ᶫϵʮȵһΪ˶࣬ǿ֪ŽңⱧһ
ȻҪΪεġ
Ŷ质ͷ˿Լ޿пԵֿ֣˿Ǻ«ŷеӡ
ˡ
Ҫˣ̳ӹܣһȥȫͷ
质Ⱥһһź˹պҽ质Χ۵һӱȲʣ䲻۵
ڵߵħ𣺡
ǸиСӰԱһϸ̾ףܱһƽ˳졣
⻰ʲôģ
㲻ϵİɡϸЦǺǵؿһۣõ϶Ĵ𸴺˵򰡣˵ķ˭˭һ³ɡȺӣǹġ
ͷһüűСʧĿע质Ƥ
Цͼߴúܻڵ߹̧־Ҫ质
ħģ
质ĿһΧ˾͸оЩãƲ壬ɻػһۡ
ȿȿȣ˼šüͷҡҡͷ
ڿջԼΣջеʿ򲻻ᱩ¶Լ
质ƶʱ滺Ǽ˻˻ֱۣܶˣ㽫质̨м䣬ף
ףľȻݵˣȺַһ󻶺ɫϲãӵֵؿڣպϼӣһǷȶ
ϣ͵͵Ц质һ£ֽȫĿ
νףǴɫֽƬƬ
ͷ׵Ĳֽ£·ɢĺ质䡢򣬹Ȼ˲ϲ
Ѱ˱ôףϲЦտϹлλףĵˣֻޱرżӣ·ⲻһףһĥ
ħȻ˼ףìܵĹؼһ֪ǼĺЦֵÿ
⻹û
ףˣ㽫ֽժ£ϰΪӹ̡ף
质ֻܶһͷ߲װθᡣ
һͷҲкôġ
˭质֪ǽ걻ףʮ֮һƽ򣬱ףǴŸģԳǣǸ̯Ӷѵѣ۵ĴۣͲ̯Ҳˡ
ضػصջ䣬ӽͳĶûŵĵط
úϢս
质ժͷһɫֽƬ
ᣬǻᡣ
ֵ֮ᣬԵáˣƽԶĺ߰ʢʻѤΨ
ʱڣܹƷֺ٣ɼǷ˶پŽǻγɶһĻ
ѡɣʦ㣬ͯʦã
˵ڵɻģǱ˼̫࣬ҲηϺ˼Ļƽ׶˼ľͷ˼еζ
质λֶ衣
һһС÷ע⵽质һֱԼϣ̧ʣôˣϲ裿
质
ûС
ֹ˼죬ڵʮ壬Ļʱ
һ죬ԲҲšԲ֮⡣ǻûܵٹڵϢ̫һɽղʽĻ
ǵĹŴƮԽԽߣԽԽԶֻܿһλãΧȺǽϳһƬ
һΣûʲôĶ
һյĺӵƣǰ档ű˺ܶ࣬ӱ߾ͿʼϡˡŵĴҶӣںҡǹͺͺ֦
ѡû˵ĵط߹ȥó̯ıʣдԼ֣ŵݳġ
˶٣ĿΪд𣿡
质Ļشù˵ƣڡд¡质һһңԳƶ̡
ٰŵȥ²ŽȥʱԸǲ˵˵Ͳˡ
ֽһ㱻ˮСһԼĪϰʱһҪسںˮˡ
ǲŲ˼ЩҪֻȼʱðˡ
质ע⵽ЩյĻƣʣֻҪںĵƣ
ͷɣŷɵĻŻ̫Σգµ֣Ͳˡ
ʱμǷ֪ʶ
质ȴɶЦ͵͵Цһ磬Ϊһ
ô۰Ͱ͵ʡ
䣬㱻质סƣһĨ𽥻״
нԾ⡣
Ҫд𣿡𾲾Ƭ̣׳һ൱ƻֱʵ⣬Ҫôдȥ
质Ĭ˰ΣҲѡ
գħ̳֣ʹ
λƵգͷţ۵ȫӰӡ
ȻҲû⵽质֪ʱס֣ս
ع񣬷ԼֱһֻʱûӦ
Ŀ΢ǰƵָϣ̧ͷ˿质ȴ·ûвڸĵƻ
ɲǼ䣬·𶼾ֹߵҲԶȥ
ôһ˲оһֱȥҲܲҲȥ
ûֻ֡
ĵȶ˳ֱӣֱҲĪ⡣
ӵĵƴ质ĸ֣۵ӳճ貵ɫζĻһݡ
ſڣ˵Щʲôϱ˴ˡ
ͼݡ
һŨؿӶߴ
ƲǮһ
л˵
质ɡߣ

100ˣһTUT2ѽ~



һһ 
ްĺӱ, Ӱš
ʱ˿̣ӶԼħ֣ѿ, װ·һعͷʮһ
, ħûü¶ʧ, Ϳʼű̯߰
˳, ô졣
质ɫȻؿʼűߣƣСʻӸ̯ǽġ
ɫСӸҲԽԽࡣƽǴϲֱ򻨵ţʯŸ̯ÿ̯ǰͷܶ, ˷һλõ˸ࡣ
˺ؼ˽ȥ, ֻһµĿ˴֧˸ټ̯λԱһҰεŮһǮ
ٿϣһʽĻڵϸ, Ļ⣬˾̾
ܿͱˡáʡ
ͷһμôÿĵƣһ

ҲҪһ
һʮ, ʮ٣, ŷɻƵ˶̲סôһӵơʱ, ʯ£ˮ, Ӱ, һƬ
ԽԽǮ, ¶ԵЦݡ
ˣƽƶʮĵʮģ质Ļһͺܸ߹󣬶ңǹ͢ƽĵƲʮģħʮ´ࡣ
Ƶ˽ˣ质ע۲ӽĺĳĬ
ħɵģʹƯҲħ£൱ںħ
ֱ˼ħ
𣺡ɢİɣ
质ţճȥټ
𣺡Ǿͺá߰ɡ
质ˣ뿪ߵĺϺĿıǸɫĻơһֵǻһӺڽϷ򱻺ͯĴʮɫͷס
һͷȥƽƻͨһƬʢЯУ
ŵƻʮ壬Źڵ˸Ƕ˲٣ӣܼ˵ɽҲΪҪŲͿһ޵ĺӱȺŮ˱סοٿһߣһ˺飬һ֮ͬ߶ˡ
ԥˡ
质һҲ㲻ȺɢĿܡ˶ôģ
߰ɡ
ûϱָһȣһ质Ȼǣ֣̬Ȼ·˼¡
ôһҪ飬Եˡ
ֿ˳ӵظ质ȥ
ƻĿ㲻ڵƣˣҲţëƽ̹·ϣÿһξ˱ݸĿϾӡ
߹Ȼ߶
ôһ·һ·Ϊ˳СײĶûС
̫쳣ˣɵؿ质ȻɢһѱġжȺ
ⷨûбӰ׷
Ȼ󻤷Ҫһ´ȣ̾˵ѽ˶಻Ǹãħ㲻Ϳֱ§ס
ϧҲߡ
质Ĺ֣ķһƬĿҲرࡣ
С죬ȥµǱ߿ɣ
˲ԶǽĲֽֿǱ߾Ųˣʱ¡
ջĵС˵ƻϵĲս񣬶ǸӳͷṩĶΪľˡ
䣬质˷򣬴Ⱥд˲µյĵط
տչһСӹʯϣһյյƱ˿߹棬΢΢ε
ֻҪУɽȡ£ȥµǶһ
ûбʺϴʱϷˣۣ绹Ҹطһ¡գ𷴿Ϊ质֣һյյյĻơ
Ѿвٻϵֽ˽ˣûϵյĺܿͻὫ䲹ϣĽƷ
֪Сܲܽ⿪
̧ͷ뿴质˿̵ı飬һ̧ͷͱԶһĨϤӰߡ
һ漴š
ô
ôˣ质һʱע⵽˳ĿתͷһҲһ
ͯءس
ɫ̶
վԭأѾ֪ǺãԼ߻վ˭Ĩѩ׵ӰԼܹ
㣡
ͯػ˻֣ϵİӣϱ÷˵գѩɰ
ߣŻȻԼ质֣˼£ȴûɿ
ħ˼ԣյúܽ
ٹ˲ˣֻͯأأô⣿
ٿһںسҲӳܵĵƻ⿪ʼԵӢ˲
ʦʦ㶼ߵĲɽ¿ʦɽ档
֪еġʦָ
Ҳڣôɡ
ûСͯҡͷϣʦ˵ԼҪɽϱչأͰǸϳˡ
ǱչءһҪչضٴΣñչˣȻ
˿ʣǣôģ
ɽ֪ȥģ㵽ߵƻ֣ͨ͹ˡͯЦǹ⣬û뵽Ҳ̫ˣ
һǳӵݸҲˡ
еˣ㲻һ
ͯؿĵؽӹӣҪһţʵʦܴģ
ƺгӣһԭ¶ദĸо
ͯȴӣĻûУֻʦ˵һɽһˡ
ô鲻ԸͯصС飬ЩЦ治֪Ժôչ±ͷ
ٿسѾ˸ǰ˸кʦ㡣
Ѿע⵽س˵֮ǰѾ质˺üۡ
Ҳŵ˼㡣
޵ежԡɡ
оԼֱյøˡ
еۣ质һۡ
ʦܡǰس֪ǲΪÿһθ涼ܾãԷ˵ݺ͸ͷʮԡ
ʦ㣬Աߵ˭ѽͻȻͯص˽
ˡ
ʶ˿
ͯνħģЩӡͯ͵͵ɽħż以ͯһʱû־ħһĺ󣬾ͱħħ硣
һĻֱȻΪôҿˡ
ʲô֣ͯС
ʲô֣ʵͯػú档
еħĬԣֻǵһۡ
ʵ质ҲǳĬؿͯһۡ
𣿡ͯü峺ܹ˵ı
ǳ𣿡ʵͯĿƣָһ¶оӡ
ˣˡ
һӦǡá
ԡ质ĮһǶͯغܲ
ţôˣ
һ𾪣ͯغһҵģҲ
𣺣
㣬˭ѽͯһʵ
شҲˣ˻飬Ŷһ֮ǰʶĵѡ
质򴽣Ŀࡣ
֮ǰʶġͯ룬ɽ꣬ȷܡ
ʲô֣ĸŵģ˭µӣͯĹġԶͿˣ˾Ȼ֣Ǵðģ
һ⣬ɡ
ô˵
Ҫ˵ħȻᱩ¶ݣʱ벻ɹʶ֡
ǡ
С졣ɢޡ质ޱ˵
𻺻תԴħ̩ȻɫֱӾһͫ׵
ô˵ֵģ
Ȼ֣ͯһûסسҲһ
㣬ȥɣͯذЦ˻ȥһ顣
㣬ֱɿˡ
ͯתͷ§סֱۣʼƲա
Χƹ⣬ͷһȫˣ
سֿ质һۣȥ
质ȴûж
Χƻ΢ļϣʯŹճӰһסϵɫ
ͯسԶıӰվԭãоۻһɱ⡣
ǡС
֪˶ŮҪԣ뵱涯֡ڳ֮ԭ򡭡ŵ龰ѾֹǵһƵľеԼͬĻش𣬷ֽơ
˼
质̧ŵָ࣬Ƭ֮󣬲̧Ÿһˡ
ͬʱͯץ˵ĻѹɽϷһ˵󣬲ʳҪһ¡
㡣
ֻŤŤͷƺñܾáʶˣһ㰡
ڶͫ׵
龪㵣ͯ͵͵Цʦ㣬ɱ⻰Щֻ˵ġ
ֻµĺ׼
˿Ӧ˵Ů
л˵
质Ŷѣ



һ 
ʮ, ͸ûˡ
سͯڿջסһڶһ磬Ͷظϡ
ҹѩ, ˱һ, Ŀյķ缫, žͱ, ﻶʱµıҲһһѣԵøɾࡣ
ʮй䣬ƽĵ·ϤˣͷߡҪߵ˵ĵطʹ֮ʡǿֻš
ںͯ˼ۣ, λأ
Ȼ˵Ѿװ㰲ȫС׼͵, ЦЦѾǰˡ
ͯ˫ۣôܶԼأ
˵øʼһ, ɢޣȻ
ǡͯĹģ֣˭˵ۣ˵, ֻϲһ˲ŻԷ֣϶ϲ
ǡϲ, ΪʲôĪʧأ
Ǻòһˣ
ͯ, ְѻ˻ȥˣҲϡҪ, ֵøõ, һɢܸʲôĴ޴Ϊ
˿, 质ֻһ䣬ܵĪĶ⡣
һʽ̤ǰڵ·ģ˸⡣ӼһֱԵسʺʦԽоΣ֮;࣬ɻвӦ
Ǻڷ΢΢̧ͷǳ˼һŵопɡʦǶܺ˵Ҳʦѧࡣ
˵䣬ߴ紵ϵĺ磬¶ϴĵӷֻڴԭƱΪһӦ˵仰ʱȴ߰ʱ
˭֪ԽһȺ˵Ǵˡ
سȷԭȸӳĬ̫ࡣ
Ե꣬ڵ۾˼ֳɽʱڴɬ㣬·𱻴ĥԭʯбʡ
Ӧǡʡ
뵽⣬ʣΪʲô磿
س𵤺ڡ
һ£ô죿ԪӤ
سԼ⼸ڵˡ
ſ˰ΣȷˣҵľǲһǳԼİɡ
Ҳ쵽ˡͯһġ쿴ҡֻȻʦ֣ĵˡ
Щɥʹʦʦ˵ֲʺңֻ˳Ȼ
ʲô档ͯص츳ʵϱسߣֻΪҪҪһģƲܷ³̶ȡ
ܲ޵ĵרͨ
ͯһһ١
Ȼ
Ҳʦ˵飬Ϊܼ֮ȥ˺٣Ҫرʡͯźۡ

ǧ㣬û뵽Ȼ̤ôһ·
ȵȣǵسʹƽѧ֮ѡһ·Ҳܻͷ⡭
ʱģسҪĴ
ȻЩζʱӦٻشôһΨسŵ˵ĻǼᶨԼġ
ԼĸԸġس·𿴳뷨ʦ㣬Ҳֻȷҵѡû
΢΢ЦЦǹʱֻˣʦ㶼ͬĵʲô֮
⻰˵̫㡣
գգۡ
ܿ죬ǻصڡɽ·ɢɢؿӵӰЦУǽʱȤ£ͻףء
Կͯ¶ĽͿ˵ЩʲôͿ㣬Ҫȥˣʦһȥأ´ȥƳؿѽ
˵꣬˻֣ת˸ɽȥ
ͯӰʧƶкתͷּسҲһ񣬡ʦ㣬ҲȻԽˣʦÿնңҲʧ
һ٣ΪҲ¹
οڷƤصڶ׽Ҳµһףʵࡣ
ãڿȷŮҵϣȻᵫûȫᣬǵĿǰΪֹھϳ˵ǡħ
Ƴص·ϣ𳹳׵װ质Լһ飬ȷΪĴ̣λŮռҪλĽɫƫ·ԽԽԶˡ
һرߣͳħĽңС㵹ǰƴСһ´ˮУζ֮佥չ˾޴
ȳԷϰԵóϣȻͶԷڿջԷθǰ
Щħ𻹻ô
С죬㻹𣿡õʵ
质ˮгĬһԡ
Ƴش˴ˮɸɾֻλһ㱡ҶΧԵЩҡ
갮Էһ棬ԼǰƳظѲһ顣
ħûйԹ
ߺ质㻯Ϊ뿪Ƴأȥ󻤷ڵĵط

ѽǡӰ׷质Щ췢£һĴȣû˵ꡣ
˵£
Ӱ׷ܺԼΪʲôڿħ֮²һ䣬־ڶԷ˵ˡ
ôôôᣬħһûץס
ͬˣħҲƤȥֱ
̫̫
벻ݴʡ
أħΪЩϲģӰ׷Сʳ䣬ʵѴǮ£Ҳ֪ħδġ
ûСû˼Ǯҡ质
ȻӰ׷
Ϊණ质ֵ
Ӱ׷ĪоƱ˶˵ʲô
¶ˣҪһ͹ԲǸ⵰
ʲôӰ׷ͦ棬ʲôİɡ
·ۣ̿㡭质һһϸ˵һʱ˫۾͸һ˿⣬ӡ
Ӱ׷˼֪꣬˼ȷû˼Ϊ
ħˡֱԣôûж⣿
⡭
ûСӰ׷һ质ãı֪ѹû뵽һ
质Լ󻤷Ѫ
Ѫ֪Щ֪ѪôӰ׷ܣҪħһˣ̫˲ġ
飬ҲͲˡħЩӲ˼£ôʦͨ
Ӱ׷˵꣬ؿ质ħ𰡣ǿڣһ֪޲ԣ޲~
质ֻǵؿһۣԭس˼Σȥ
ȥһߡ
Ӱ׷ɵۡ
⣬òˣ
Ƕ¡ӡѩſڣצӡ
Ӱ׷һܰħ𣿡
Ƕһ١ӡѩ㲻Ůӣһ۾Ϳ塣
˵ħݡԸһô
ʱ˿̣һǵħصƳء
˵˲ܣ
㲻ˣͷۣڳرߵãƼϤӰ
ܵ质ߣһȴץס֣Ժˡ
Ϥȵ¶ȸֻ֣𲻽˰Σ̧ͷ˿ҵȻ
ʧƬ̣֪Զص㣬ղŵ¡
ʼѰɽеħڴ֮ǰǧҪȥ
л˵
Ӱ׷ŶԭǳԵ˹



һ 
Ҳû뵽, ǾΪ˵ĻʼѲ顣
ֻ֪ǾδȻ̽Ĳʲô
֮С첻뿪ˡ
;ԲС𷢳, ҪǱ˷־ˡ
ᱻ֡ⷽ, 质оԵš, κ˶ûı¡
ֻǡ
޷
һ֪, γ棬ʲô˼
Ŷչˡ
ȻһֽеĻ𣬷һסˡ
ô죿
ܷ˼¡Ƴֵһջ, ûŮİæ, ֲħֻ֣Լ
ڣԱٱ, ֻóһܽˮҪ״̬һ̣ӡ
󲿷ʱ, ԼǱ°빦
û뵽, 质˵Ļ, ģ粽롣˾, ǰܸ֪, ȥһԣߺ, ٳ
ֻҪһʧ֪Ҫˡ
ľǺܺûġңܸоɲ˵ô򵥡
һգ̲סˡ
С졣סŲܱôԹԻصһشźòã
һʢˮҲԷһħܾܱڸס
质ȴ𣺡С
ʲôеģǰ˷һȻԼˡѪҺ̡
̵ܴ
ɵ˵һΣС죬ȥ
ΣŴ߶һͼػڶԷڵĶ
质һԳĬʾ˾ܾ
ȻЩϵͳ
ĹʧЧˡ
ϵͳĬһûʧЧֻĿ־ˣڡȲԸ״̬ʵӳɣơ
ǿ͡
ǡǡеħ𣬿ԡ
һֿܡϵͳ㣬˵һӽĲ²⣺в֪ƹܵԼ͡ѪҺ̡ˡ
ûܡ
Ӧ죬
С졣质۾ԶҲܸϹң𣿡
ǡ质ӦҲϡ
Ȼ˶˫ֻۣթһ£У
ʲô̲ס׷ʣҪǲңҾ͡ˡ
ðɣ룬ûʲôвġ
质Ŵ
ӡһǶڽûͣǵ˺ܵǣҲˡ
ǡѪ
Ч质Ȼˡ
΢ڵĽԵЩȥѪʲôõģ
֮ĸӦԼЩӻ
üͷ΢չȷʵ롮ѪҺ̡ѪҺ̡ûиá޵õٶҪһЩ۰ɡ
أʣѪʲô

质˼һ˲䷭ӿΪѪһֻԼŵġԼξᡱ㲻ϸ˴ۡ
ô˵
质Īһ˲ϣԸЩ֪Ů
ԣ̾˿ȻĿл۱ǡһ죬

ˮ޷
ڰߣһ̫Ծˮ棬ˤϵ㡣
ȴûˮ쳣ܣԲŤ
سӣֻ质˵ġۡ
ԭһħܽԼڱϣֱӰʸڿڣĴ𸴣ȴþʧ
ңǾ֮˵⻰ʱħֻӳӰԣصҡ
ֵ𣿡
Ϊ㣬Ȼֵõġ
⻰ֻ̣ⷢĬȻܣܾħлԷֱ档
֮ûɾܾĸ棬۵ĶܿڵĨɫȻҲܲ뿪Ʒ壬Է˷֡
质Դ˺⡣
󻤷ȰҪŮ֪⣬Ϊͺܺˡ
ŵ
ԺƳһУȻı⡣

ʦá
һòŵһ京żڴҴӼдǸ⣬ɳԲ
ϵˣ֮ǰÿ꣬Ӽø͸ϧǰ궼ɽϣûж񣬹ֲ˼
겻һˡ
һ£ҲҪ˵ţûпԷȻתͷȥôƽľޡ
Сûסһѣ͵͸ƽʱͬš
⻰ЦʵʵԭصȺ
һж质
ĴˮУһǱεǵߣĮԵʮС
ǰûôĴǲǻŮ
ûã¿ɰľ޵ݵ
ⶼǸҵģϲؽӹշһ˿졣
质˳ۣβžش˸ˮ
¿һۣȻҡͷϣǵģֻġ㿴ʦֵģʦֵģʦġ
ӣˣ׼
תͷૣʦãǸֻ
ʲôſ㣬û塣
û£һ£ˡǿ΢Цܿȥ
֡ૣС죬ôιˡ

㻹ûðԴ֪ݣʲôΪˡ
质ֻ̧ͷٶȳˮС
ǰһѵ˷
ʦãûҵµ뷨
ûãˡˣλʦһλʦ֣µġ
ֵ⣬ʧЦʦ㣬Ϊôʣ
͵ʡһʦÿ궼ɽϣ;Ҹˣ̫Ȥ𣿡
һ֧˹Ҵط·ʱ۵ģһ͸ɡ
ӹ⻨ᣬѤõĻӳiӣ쳣ˡ
شҪشģȻ³ʦ˼ЦĪ£Ȳ˵Լ治ΪԼû¡
ܡ
ʦεЦһ£ˡͷͬ٩˵Լʡ
质Щסˡ
һ磬½½˺üˡ
ֻͯɽʦһУȻҲĶաദΪŵӣʱŴ򽻵ǽʶ˲ͬš
ûеµĵУǸѵõļż
أ
质ҲĻϢػˣߵ
һ²ܵȣ಻ɿأֻѪϹԨ䱦һҪߡ
ңԸԸҵĵ£
ʱȫעѡŽԭϣδӦЦյһΪʢͷЦҲ˵һ롪
վŵ˭˼һ˲Ȼֹֻʣ޷Ŀհס
㡣˻ڣ˵
л˵
#۴ô#



һ 
ôһ˲, Լ˻þ
˼άһ˷ӦһĶû
æͷȥ, ȴһѽס֡
ʧ, ֻƽƷ, ˿ȴɵǯ̧ͷȥ, ˫Ԩؿйȣֱӡ
У𿴼ԼãȻ޴ı顣
质Ĭصȴţûдߴ٣ûѯ
ֱ֮ڿڵһ, ŷʵܺŮĻشǾܾ
ҡſ, ŷԼΪ̫ţЩˡ
ץҲһյø
һʱ̣һǻѾ, ǾһҲͷβ
ˣô죿
˼֮ͣУоԼǿ𴽽, ЦһѧʲôЦ𣿡
Цظһ, ûа, 㡣
֣ضᶨЮߵ, ѡ
͵һ˼, һӽ, ͼ˱Ͽһ˿αװĺۼ
ȫûСôֿ۶Լ
ɡһֻǰ㵱С졭
ԼĪز˵Ǽǽš
ֻһ㣿质ȻЦˣĮЦͬεЦǷĵᣬ۽üҶ滺֮⡣
ΪԼһʱ˺ȻƽԼ
ܸߣ޷ӵѹ
Ҳǡ质ֱĿڡħΪº䣬·Ǳһ㣬ȥ󣬻ܸܵɵ
оһȻ𣬴ָ⿪ʼϮ塣
̡
ڣ㻹ôΪ𣿡
˴续üȾϴδйǿƣͻİԵ۽ҲЩұơ
Ʋۡ
뿪ߣ뿪质ºͣݣֻҪ룬ԡ
ҡҪ롣ָⶼڲ˵Ϊʲô质˼ȻҲƵ뿪Ƴء
ˮһɫ䣬Ψʣ质УĻһȾɫ

ɽ·˺ԶֱܵҲŲȲͣ
Χɫ֪䣬Ѿ˵ʮء
ûˣܺúԴһ˼
ȹڣƣ˫ߵߣһʯͷϡ
Ҫʲôţ
㶵ؿˮ棬ɫĳˮӳԼոյĻңı鵽ڻǿհס
ˣСĻ
˼ǡϲ
һһֵػ䣬质˵⻰ʱĿӡһļ
ȷû
ҪֻǡϲôҲﲻҪµĵزɡ
Ծָһһµؾקȹӡ
ʼ̲ס˼⣬Ҳͷ
Դ磬ʹδܾ֮¡ҲãаҲãΪ˲ΣҪɿأĿһֱԭĺģעسעͯأΪ򵥵ɡ
ȻҲûԼԱܿҲǾΥǱҵɹӹӴ˱ڣһǡ
ĺߡ
Ϊʲôǻ׬ȡǮƣӻһŮΪһˣת
뿪ںڣһɽ֣£ӻһӵ㡣
ֻǡһδ֮Уûй¡
ģԼһˡ
֪䣬ȹ⻬ѾץһƬϸ壬ָҲ򲻶Ħ͸һƬ̺졣
Ҳˡ
𿴲Щִһ󣬲վ
񻹲֪ôش𡭡𣿵ͻᡪ
ϴηСħӱһȥס˺ü죬ܹ滺飬ʵһΣС츶ĴۡͲˡ
ȥٵȵȣ
ס̵˿
侲һɡ

һɳϢƽԭ˯ŵӰ׷ȻѣһӰ𽥿
ڷǵӰħ֮˿
Ϊ־ˡӰ׷ñЩħ˳㻹һ˿ζ
质һϲŭ
ħ鲻á롣
Ӱ׷ƾԱߵĻ́ͷһƤë̽һʣûһ𣿡
ǹϢΪǰͶιˡ
ɵ꣬ɫĮƳһۣЩã
Ӱ׷ΣоԼѾŬڰħˣκζԷжϲϡ
̾˿ħǲԲᡪ
Ѿ˵ˡ质һ仰ֱӰ׷Ȱ˻ȥ
Ӱ׷˰Σ֮пƲס˦βͣ˵˰̫ˣô˵
û˵
质Ĭһ£˵
Ӱ׷βȻֹͣζ
质ĬȻŲԶƾӣʧط沢ûϤϢ
飬󻤷֪鲢ļ򵥣ǳԵش˹ħ˵Щʲô
质סʱĹ춼ſˡ
ħǡٰ
ҪǸˡ
ǡ
ħǲǽչ̫ˣӰ׷ϰߣ̶ĽȻ󡭡
ȻħпˡҲҲ𡱵
Ĺӱ졣
Ƕգӹ质½ȼյһ
ġ
֪˵˭

𶵶תתƷ壬һ·üɽͷͣںɽɽǰ
ɽһ̿ռˣʺϳ˼ϸ⺮ķ硭
ʦãôô죿
ͻȻϤһתͷɣǵؿ
ѲˣԷֱĶͷ԰⼸ûġ
˼˰ΣɣڷһȥߣˣٴȥҪġҪҽơ
˰Σ˳ӵظɣɽǰ뿪ˡ
Ҹ˸飿
ټ̼յʢȴûӰɣһȥͽƵϣ͵ǰⶼˣ󷴶ࡣ
һյ裬˳ůů塣
СһڣֻŨƣ˼Ҳ˲١
ɣʦ㣬һ⡭˼ǿ˿ڡ
˵ɣ²
һʶˡ⣬δ桭˵⣬Ȼ֪˵ȥæ˿ڲλҡ
ԭ죬Ϊ˶⣿ɣȻ򣬡˵ôô졣
㱻Ǻһ±ƣˣ
ɣ°һЦ㷳ˣбԭֻ㿴壬žòС
˵꣬ɤӣҿöˡ˵˵ĵӣ
˵չֲ̣ջΣֱǣ߶ʦܣҲûᣬôˣ
ᵽ£ɣ΢΢һЦϲɣַϣұû˼˵Ҳû˼ˣ
˶٣οʦת޳֮ǰе¡Ը⣬ǲǺ㡣
š
иʣɣʦ㡭Ϊ˵ˣұ㲻ܾŮ֮ˣ
û뵽ɣ⻰ֱЦ˳ʦãûѱ˷ۼЩӶ¶⣬ȴδ㷳չ̫ɾ㵱Ҳδ˵Ϊȷʵ⣬ǺܿԺأ
ȻЩ꣬ͬŵʾãӡ󣬿ҪôʶӱܣҪôΪ֮ͬǰ꣬㶼û˼
ԡ
ԣ㼫пѽ˷Žɣϸ壬ҡεӳɫԼڡ
һ̣𿴼ɣз·ת˲š
ܿ죬ɣָֻƽյĻʣøң㵽ϲʲôģ
ϲġ
ɣüģ䣿ģǡ
ԽԽãӨ͸ˮͷ㣬أܱΪƷѡ˵ţе㽼Ϊʵʡ
ʲô߰ģ˵ʯأɣ˾Ķ䣬СԣʦѰģ
Ŷ䣬Цţȴǿģã
Ļϲһˣ
ǰҲýҲգǸͱ飬Ҫ˵ϲš
Ȼָ鷢ڱ϶һڴֵԼ
ԼñŤһ
ԶԶû

ɣԺ󣬳ҹڷߣĻصƾǰ
һʱɨˮ棬ΨֿĴ׶ƤûС
ڻڶ죬Ӧáû°ɣ
质˵ħ䣬ԾؽŲ뿪ʱζó⡣
ħûô
ͷһǰ㸡ֳԼദʱ龰³ҩɷ˲
е
С졭
Ŀյس

תͷ˲֪ʱ¹£һĨ޳ĳӰռȫߡ
ҡֻʶֻˮµĵӰ
ֻ
ЦһűһֻȵĿȴһ˫͵ߡ
ĸЩ
л˵
-1-1-1-1-1



һ 
һĶӡ
峿, ƾӵر˴ƿ߳һӰ
ڶɫĴŷ紵ˮж, β˲ˮȻ¶еϲá
ڿ۵׵ʱ, Щ׷Ī
С, 
ƿ, Ͱķʳˮ
ţ̲ס˸ĺǷپͷԻ
һҹû˯š
ƾůıӶ质Щ飬Ŀ, ġ
ƽϰߴ򿪵Ĵͨͨصú, ּһ磬⿴һۡ
շת࣬ҹߡ
һӵϢ˵ֱһĥ
ûа취, ͻ

ҹ˼ãڲòϣԭǷɡ˵ö֮ħУֻʱĴ㡣
Ϊ, չˡһȦһȦֻҪЩƬꡭĴ, ôÿأ
ˮһȦȦ, ŤһתͰȥ
ԶıӰ, 质, ǰЩغõĻ, ɵ˼أվʵʵˮס
Ѿģ

𻺻ţ䲻ͣŻѩʯҡʵĿĵߣյʱɽ·ϵһСʯӶɷǺÿ·ֻҪſһˡ
ڴһ΢ϸѩһδ
ʦá
عͷϤĿݣ½ʦ֣
ֻϲǹЦݣһࡣ
ʲô
ҡͷ˿տҲ֣ľͰѱҲҲ
ˣʲôٻȥ½ûм׷ʣ˵ϾǷַħתĺۼΣգµĵӶסҪţ
ţ
Ǹ֮ľߡЩӣ½ҲĲԾʦãôˣ
ûʲôֻûϢá𰵵⣬۾
½ɻãҲԳô˻Ϣһ¡
ͷҲôģղ֪ͨ˲䣬ĵһӦǡҺûΪᵽڡ
ۼ½Ҫߣ̲סס½ʦ֡ôһ£
ħʿеó֣Ӱ׷ӡѩֻһֻҲʵʵţôͻȻ¶Ϣ
Ҳ֪ϸˡ½ҡҡͷֻ֪λ˵ĻɽԺϸһȻħ
Щħģ𾡿ȶȴй¶һ˿
½ûĲüͷ˼ΧħΪѷֻܵš
⻰𷴶ġ
ֻҪûȷƳ
ôͻȻħǴҿ˵֪ʲôԭ
ͷ
ˣȥɡ½ɵƷɽŴ񷶥ĽеһȥƾӴţձ߶ˡ
ע̻ɫӰԽԽԶֱˣתͷ۷ȥ
ȥ·ϣŷƷɽͷ֪ʱûɵģ˵£ѱħ
ճɽĽ˿̿޿ڣް
ԤɲǼӿͷӿŲȻ·ѾһˣֻмֻɫʻҰϿշɹ
·Ҫʲô˵ˡ
ƾȥͣ˵أһˮһƬûаӰ
֮ǰвٸշͣˮ档
ЩϲɵͷҲˡ
ֻ⣬·˵ء߳ءˣˮ沨
ʦáҵˡȻһŵӻǰҪ㣬ɡ
ͨ
һ̳ס
ЩӣǿЦţлʲô
ǵӵȻҡҡͷҲֻ֪˵ˣұ㡣

һ·лסľԷֻʯ㲻ǰ
ֻ㵽ˣ棬Լȥǡ
תͷӳľеᣬֻù¼ţΧǵһѩԵ䡣
ܻҡԼ˵
˶ʯС·߽Ժӣδţ洫Ļ
˵δȻǡ
û⣬óȻ飬ʵסл
Ƴس⣬ΣӦǡ
ĪҪ˵ˣлһ£óȻ
˵ʱƳ˵ģٵӶˣƳصĵӡ
ԸǵӶ¡
Ҳ಻ס˿ţ
ȻһƬ
ŽȥֻлվڵУΧվλȥģһϴ
ó˵ıЩѿ
𰵰Цһ£óļУȻ綼˲á
ǿ𡣡л䣬˵ıá
⡭ûУǼ˽˵ͷ
֪жʲôողŵƲ⡭Ȼνġħйء
ϵȷûմȾħһ̵Ļ϶Ĳ롣
ǡǶˡһдЦ⣬ⲻãڵĵûΣա
лƲȻǲǡ
Ǿɢ˰ɣɢ˰ɡΪķϴ֣ŵԭǲģͲס̵ϼһǷҲǻ㣬һվֲ
ΣǳǳЦס
ǣųÿնħޡħģ
ʾ֭ûŵĲ²⣬ֻûصƳִӵѲʮ߳أֱٽ磬űŤŤػصƾӡ
Ȼƾĵڶֿ˺һֱĴ㡣
Ĵ㸡ԴǰԲںڵ۾˵жôڴʶҪȥһ˵Щ˫žԭأôҲ
ڴӹѸߣ˿˰ߡ
㼸ʵʻĿҪ͸ųһͰ㷹ֳô̽ˮʱ첽ˡ
质̽ͷʱľֻʣŮģڰıӰ

жòܰϵͳͨһصʯϺĲɵؼϣ̲߱סϵͳ
֪ʲôʱܿΣԤ֪ΪΣ֪Ϊ̫ѹ֣质ıҡ
ԣϣھͿܣ֪ΣսߣͿԺ޸뿪ˡ
ϴһĴʱϵͳܡϵͳ
Ŀ겻ҲԶ
Ƴô㣬ʱʱвٵһĵ̨֪ϵͳֻʱ⡣
Ҿ͵ߣţܲġ
ϵͳûлش
عȻԼ֪䣬Ȼϵ˲ĵһء
ܣƽ̹ϵĺ紵ϮƹЮһɢˮҵ˻ӿȾϴƬɫֲǣΧ·ͣˣŨغһתֱ˴
֪˵ز˾ͷߡ
գ֮䣬ëƵããѩ£ɽͷҲߡû˷֣Ⱥʵѩ׵Ʋʻһн֯ϸ׵˸⡣
׵硭ǻһĿĺɫ
ѩµĸˡһĹ򣬵ܲȳһӡֱѩǡ㲻ͷʶ׵粻֪ʱ£һǳƼһ쳤Х֮󣬺ݺݳͷ
ҫ۵ĳɫ׹䣬质۵ӳǶĿԣҲӳǵ֮µˡ
˼Ӧ֮ǰȻӳԾŮߡ
Ҳָо
Ҫɱسʱһ
⡭
л˵
᲻ǺԶ



һ 
ڳҵ׵缴֮ʱ, ֻǰһһůʵ
¡һ죬۵ֱֱղվλ, ʯ̾͵ĵ÷顣
ѩڻ, ؽڡ
ڸоϸСʯҵԼ֮ǰ, ûӦʲô
ˮ˳ۿ˳, ȵĴʹС𴦿ʱԾйǰһһǸղǵ״
ǡʲô
ǿʹɨܣֻ֮þˣһĺΣܶұ
𿴡һֻס۾, Ϥڶ, Īİ
ʶץסǰָ֣ⲻԾôˣ
质ûд, ̧ͷһۡ
Ů㿪ļϢڣƲһ
Ӵſն˫ۣӵ׵׹˸, Ȼƴ
Ǵɱľġ质Ŀ, ü䲼Ŵδй
¡
һ, ׵£֮ơ
һ, 质Ҳħ, ſ֮ǰȫѹ, Ұħ̼佫Ʒðա
ѩţֻǶëѩҲħɵĽ质ȫ֧õĽ磬ǷŭһһڽϣȻǿδ¶ֻǽ
ֱڲطŮ۾֡
ڿǰľŨڱգ׵ѩӣľ޴ʯ촷ֲۡĵطΪһƬ׵жôǿ
ǡ˭׽٣¶Ȼץ质ֽûɿ
׽١
质ؿ˻еŮһۣʱڴЩֵвһЩ
ɱеġس㱻ʾʹҲšξûڹŮȴˡһ˿ض¡
׽٣ţʲô
Ǵ
质꣬һ֮ϡ
սĵܱӣ綥ܿѵĺۼΧħһ˲ңһ
质֪ȥ
жŮһӻֻһ֡
룬ҲԸ
质ͷĿֱֱŽ룬ؽҧ۾Χþȫƺ֣ڵͫҲһƵĽ⡣
Ѻۣһ¡
δ
ȻһȵĶ۽ǣ˳Ż¡

ʶһѣָȾһƬʺ졣
Ȼף质ѪѪ˳໬䵽°ͣǰմʪһƬ
ʹź££ˡ
С죬С졭质
ץ质֣΢ҲǽĻԤֹ˿̵о˶ڲطûп־壬ȴűȿ־ѹĿհס
ΣһȵĺҲ§øߴһ䣺¡

ͯԼס顣
ڷֽѺȡĴ㣬һ
ڿԵʱһ鱾﻽ѡ
ԶʣһĿĵƲ㣬Ƽ硣
λʦʦڶɽ٣
ͯص°˼ƺû˵˿ҪͻȻˡƣҲҪԪӤ˰ɣ
ͯѸٹЩȴֲǡ
ǷӦƷ塭Ѳʦᵤ׽٣
ͯϲüңӱվһֱʦΪȴһֱڣԶȻÿƳص˹򣬲Ȼʦ͡
ΪǶɽ٣
һĵƾͯһֺܿ˿Ǹ˵ҪͻȻ
ؿڣˡ
˵䣬һߵӰ֣͸յ԰
׽١ʲôͯغʡ
߿Ŵ⣬ǻǼɵ촽³֣
Ǵ
Ǵ
ͯ䲻֪⣬ȴȻᵽ̵ĳ뾴ηС
¶ɫǴһǺܿµĶ
ͯؿߣλĽָģڷĵһ죬˳Ĭã˵˾䡰ǹﻹš
ԷѧʶԨ·֪£ָĶ࣬ѧҵ
ԣ˵Ĳд
Ǵʲô
δͯؿڣ߾ͼ˵ȥһֻۼǴһиСԸʣй¶һΣ
ʦͯû뵽߿Լʦһ¡
ǰʦ˵Ҳɣ˶ܲģֻǰ߿Դ󣬶߽¡˵ţ̾˿ֻڤڤעֻӵֱµ˲лŭΪҪı䡯
ΥˣǴǲݡ
ʦֹͯʦ񻹻úúõģǱ׷ɱôᰲȵվ
Ҳҵɻ󡣡ҡҡͷŹʲô취ӳ졭һŲ֪
ͯȻ죬ȴһ仰˵һδӱ˿ʦĹȥƽȻЩ棬ʵȿɿʦ뾭ѵĹ¡
ʵǡ
䲻أͯƳԶͻȻйѹźɫ׵İƾڵ
˿̣һƵղŵļⲻͬ
׽٣߸ƾû뵽û뵽ŵǴûܷ֮ɢƳǱ
Ʒ壡
ͯҲסˣֻǶ̶̼δʦ﾿ʲô
סĿڣĸоǿҡ
ȥ

Ʒ嶥
úһ˿䡣
质׽١
ؿԽԽܼĺɫŨƣ۵ӳűͫʸİɫ
ôʱ׽١ƫƫʱ򡭡ͻƣ
ֻþֱ仯ǰ㡣
质ڻУоơп壬̵̣ҲԳܡ
֪ǲǳһѵҩԵʡ
ڿ质ò֮㽫ȫҶ˳ȫѰҩ
ǼЧ΢
ŽԼΪԷƾЩһЩ
ѧƵķأ
ЦıãռʵıǴ֮´һ飬ȥǶӲ졭
һж߸ҪնݳֻҪˣ质ͺпܿԻǴеˣСһ±㹻ˡ
ץ质ֲѣֱѾմ˲ѪһƬǽ塣
ְɡǳģߣͲᱻǣ
˵⻰ʵڼѣ𼸺ҧ⡣Ƕϧ˰ǰ֣ȴҲȥ
ǣǣ
ֱһŷ质Ѿռ̫̫طҲŲκˡ
Ȼȴ质Цһ¡
ЦʮǳĪżֳ⣬̲סȥ
ʲôԴӦ㣬Ψд£
˴һ˫ͫѾȫȻɫӵúܳǺķ˵۾һȴ͵˼£̲סֹͣ
ΣҶỤ㡣

Ѿ޷Լ飬ֻ֪֪䣬Ѿ档
գɫ׵ɫ׵绥ཻ֯ͷƤĵ졣
ʹ裬质ȴоһص･ӿ𣬷·𾲴¶Ȳػ
·.׵硣
ΪǴΪ罭㱩ǣһ˲֮䣬ɽ١
ϹԨĶɽ١һһμ
ܻ
ս质ɫͫеļᶨ⡣
¡
ǴʼΪҵһףԨ׽پžŰʮһ׵ǻռֻγ˼»ɫѸ׹䡣
ӸķǾȻű׵ϴƷ嶥׻һ̳ˮ϶ɵĶЮŨġʯһζƽ
ںڵƲʻϹţֻƺǰСࡣ
졢쿴ʲô
ŨƲ֮䣬һĨҫ۵Ĳӽչ¶ܱȾŻȵĳ졣
ϸǺʲôƬϸϣɼצ

ڿǻǡϵͷ֮ʱҲ̲סؾ̾ˡ
лŵشƶ֣׵ϲֺ۸Թ
һֱſͣǺһ¡
ˡ
л˵
е̼ɣ()ɽٵ



һ 
׸ĵԽԽ, ɨܣֻɽ϶ˣǶƷ, һѹ֡
ýڷһʧȥȫ, ˫һ, ˼, ڵϡ
ڸղ׽һɲ质þ巢ʲôֻǰһƬ죬ȻȵĴб˼Ӳ⻬ۡ
Ǵ׳߻, һƬռ, ٴοǰʱ㿴һĨֱֱٴµĳɫ׵ײ
еһϢϢ, ΧɽľòҡΣ۶塣
ɽ١ɹˡ
Ͻдϯģ̲ס
ٺ, 
˿̣ƷϿյش, ûһܹ, Ҳע⵽𣬾ؽһ
תͷ, ֪ʱ, վʯ·ڡ
һǵؿ, ҿƷӶԼסֻ㲻ڡ̧ͷһۣ֮ʢħͻȻȻǳˡ
质׽ٽˣڡ
ģǲԸ׷Źڴ
质еġȴڵеġŰ
ǳ׵ĿĵؿʼҶҪ޲عÿһˣһȥֹʦãҶ㵽ȫĵط
˵գڵλñȥ
ʦֺǺģȴǲȥһôӴһǺã˵øӱ
һ˲ʾ֭һơ
ǻɣʦ֡
ǵƣѿ쵽طǣֻص棬һãȻ
΢Ц𣺡
ʦ֣֪㵣ͬţβóȻȥֻΣա
Ϊʦ֣Ӧ
ĬĬͳڶƣ⻹һ顣

գЭˣվսλãȴֵʱ
С
ϵͳͻȻһ
ˣղŵǳƷ׽٣ֳ龰Ҳ˵ȪһνյϵͳҲ
һߡ
Ųǰϵͳ˵Ҫһ׽ٵ𶼲֪ɺϻԤı
ϵͳ˵š
⵽㹻ϵͳڿϵͳܡ
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ϵͳֱӽϵͳȨޣ齫100:1ıתΪڴûκζ
󣬸лҹŬڿšΣԤܡΣһ⡣ΪȨޣκظš
ϵͳµͬʱоԺз·һĨ̶ޱһ̿ʼӵʶϵͳΪֻҲκν
һֻܿ㻺䵭ֱҪˣϵͳ̲ס˵һ䣺ˣӦҲòΣԤˡ
ûʸףǹȷȷʵʵʧ֮䡣
ʱϵֿ
ޱɸĵȴԽ궯ǿǼδδţֻΪڴ˵дڵ
ֻǡħкθϵ˰˼⡣Ψһȷǳ߲ƣ翹µѾܵ
ܣȻвýĵɫ԰ףܵش
ԡǳ״δôˣ
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ˡ
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ʱ质ȻߣνأȡΧ׳ԼΧڵô࣬һɶܰ
׼ˣӲ
质һЦԷһ䡰㡱֮󣬱ʹľȻˮޱʡ
һͬתͷɽİŮվߣʮ⡣
Ĵ棬ǵһʹˣͯеŵսҡ塪ʦʦôʦˡ
ٶ־¶Ҫʻȥͯش߶壬ʹõˮӯ质ϵ˿ȫƽͬţɫҲһת
质ŸֶԷı鶯˵ûйϵһϷӡ
һ
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Ѿ辯ˡǴ׵׹ƮƮֻڰɢƮ㡣
质ؿǴʧĵطãȴûص˼ĿתԶվŵϣľ塣
Է϶ϳ
һһ֮еģ质޶˾ᷳϳûʲôνŮһ϶Ϊħ硱һù
νɡҲû
质ؿȴǡˣʹߡ
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£׷ɷǵͷ˵ţ˭һ˿Ƥζħħڣʵ԰

֪ˣұɽţɨͥӭˡ

˵ϢΧһȦӶħ𡱶ֺ޲֣ߵͬȡ֤
ħͷ
ˣ˵ľ֣
Ҳţһ̫ù߻ħˡ
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һ̣质س뵽һȥˡضڹýݹ֮ڣһֵ˽֪Ůֻαͬſ
΢˫ۣ׼ǰͷղµ׵翪ʼ
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С죡氵й۲ѷ质СþһҪǸҰˣҸû꣡
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ϴθ͵׽٣ҪٴƷϡֹһأʮ߳ضҪ꣡
һ˲ҲҲˣĬĬҪСҶ͸ˣ
ܹá质׵磬ޱȵһ
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㿴Īʦõ衭
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Ҿá
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ֱӰѡȫȨ
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Ҳ֪ܴ㻯֪Ҫٳ񲻵ĿʹܰȹⳡѵģΨԼ
Ŀ֮£ǿҲ᲻̲ס̧ͷ质һۣ㽫ĵһֻȻˡ
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ĿĵΧɽ壬͵طЦеس֡
ң
ſڡ
Це֡
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ʦҪòãǧħͷĴ˭֪ĸġ֮޹ģ
质𵽴ﺮɽ֮ǰѾһˡ
һسҲɫʦƽմͬżã֮£׷飬Ҫʦƽױԩ㡭ҲһֱʵʵشƳأδδ˺ˡ
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ͯؼĸ첲֡
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˭˵ҪǵʦˣһЦұ鷳óҶҪһУһݡ
⡭ͯسܿƿĿ⡣
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质Ŷ룬һľˣ˶൱Ҫľ
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ΪʲôҪʱĻشô˼˵ʱЩ£ͦõġʲôֵһᡣ
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׽ٹոʣȻǶ죬ҲŸ
ˮ棬췢̫£Ҫܳܳһʱ
ӽҲûûɽϵͳҲ质ʱըһݣҲˡ
һ̫õɸС
ŸпţȻ质ذߣȥ
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һ 
֮, һжָ졣ΨһͬǣһӰ
质Ҳñزˡ
ܹĴ߶ΧۡȻĿǰûе, ֻҴεĵط͵͵ؿ
Ҳͷ۵, ȻѾн质, ҲԸӴһֱһ, ûпͷ
Ҳ˵质Ǿ䡰ԸԸҵĵ¡͡㡱ûüӦ
ʱ˿̣пֲµħͬˮСһ, ¶ί
յĻް, вʵ
޴ȥֻһ𡣡
ȲᷳңȻҲԸİɡ
ûŮȥס, üɽٵ׶ܳˣܵˣҲ㡣
˵ˣħô㻹ûطȥأ
ҲȫûáҲ, Դӱ˵ԽԽֱˣ
质Ŀ, ֪ٲǲеˡ֪ⶫӦô˵̸, ֵԼʵսҲ޼¡
ҧҧ, Ѫ, ǰ, Ըһ𣡲Ȼ⼸ΪʲôҪǣ֣ոһѵе¿𣿡
Ȼ⻰һ˵ڣ质˼ֻ֣Щģֱ߽ˣҲ֪ʲôֻɻؿš
ȻӵĻ
εĻûκαӻζֻһϲõģůӵ
Щ£Ƿֱס质
ȵϢھ䣬ǵһɪ质ȴʲôҲû˵ֻǾؽӵŮ§ڻ
Ϊ͸ܽŮĿ꣬ζģʲôһһͻȻʧ
䱦ǳռ
ôˣؾ쵽质ȴһ䡰¡
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ת꣬ʱڣʱãʢüӽ˵ҲûԼΪȥơħرƽƽΪ
ΪҪô˵质⣬شʱŮ˲鵤ҩ
鷳쿴ø¸ֱ֣һ˵
鷳质룬ˣ±Ϊ˫ޣ
ۡȿȿȡǺղ֪ջǺģҿû
质գգۣǵҽٿ¡
ȥ
质ϳƾӡ
ħͷ˿Ůסһͷߵڶرߣ
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Ǳħͷ˰ɡ
ʦһˣء
ͱФʦˣӦǵ£Щ컹׼ʽβʮһأ
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ô
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ҲҡҲ˵ӣԱվŵħȾͷ
㻹˵أϴҿʦʱħͷҪɱء
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ڿʲôأͻȻһŵһȿ˺˿Сʦð
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ʱɣͯ¿ʱպôƾӳߵǺ˵ߣס֣һͬ˰ߵĴʯͷϡ
ʱڵδѿͺͺ֦ƮϷ˵С
Ͼ˵ò̫ÿˣر䡣
QAQˣ㡣
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ͯصʱɴ˫ۣò㲻˵֧˰˵㣬Ҫϲʲôɫ
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ʣɫˣÿ
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ͯصӰֱʧŻعͷɻ󣬡˵Ϊʲô
质ؿһۣ׼ʲôɡ
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ͯޣƴسѧϰ͵͵̸



һ 
ܲܡٱһ
ʱ, ڰ಻ס质
ʱ质վڵһ㣬·ӽĿɿڴ, , ˿Ӱ졣
תͷ, Щ
Ϳһ, ŲҪ˵̫ûϸӡ۽ֵǮöࡣ
šҹǵʱʲôˣûģЬڵĦɫŤѡ
ҷ质롣
质ߵһԿտĵط, Ӱã׵ĳСû, һХҫ۵Ľķ϶һֲӽ̫Ƴϡ
Ϣ, ƬɢȥҲڿ˳Ұеһء
һأ
Ȼ˳Ŀ⻺ͷֱͷ
ʱŷ, һؼɫཻӵľڵ, ޴۾򳤶´ĽëԵޱȹɡ质ؿ, ɫĿƯĻ⡣
ÿ𣿡ƺ˼΢Ц, ҲŵͲЦ⡣
ÿеľ, СشǰҪ, ȴ֮ңʱ˻
𣿡
Ȼԡ质ţԴķ̽̽
ŷĵؽȥָ⿿;УܸоΧȵ¶ȣ֮ǹֱº͡
Өı治ͬƬ˰ֵĴУʯһޱȼӲʵأ淴Ĺ
֪Ϊ赲һйۣСܰȻشд
һƬ
Ħһָסеĳ嶯ĳʵ塣
̬Сʵ̫ȫվͷǶݵ뵽
ţڵϵצ

ôˣ质һ±ע⵽㵵ı飬ͷѯʡ
˳һֱӵһصڶصʯףвٶ׵ˣɢɢһ̲ûþµģղžôһѹƺ֮ǰҪ顭
û¡̾˿ʲôʱש
ôʲôѰ
㣡
Ȼ䣬ͯصܲûˣֻпյˮ档ΪǴʱȴٴһ
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سҲԳһֻסϡϳǼİ׶Ǹֵŵӣ֪ôسͯشһ
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˵ţ质һۣȻȷס
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ȥʦҪΪ磬˵Ϊ̫죬úúһ۲СͯһϰΪ˵˲ãʦϷϸֻȥˡ
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سǫش𣺡ֻпɡһƲ졣
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Сسһͷȥķľ
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Ҫ壬质ۼֿβͼ⣬һѰ˹˻ȥ
룬컹̫䣬ȴ˵
ϿңĿ˸Ͳˡ
ðɺðɡֱӱס죬ڳ
ͻȻһƮԼȫ质§뻳УԼֱۻ质Ĳӡ
ʹթ
Σ
㣬仵ˣ
ҽɡ质ĶͷɫδָԭɫʣɾһղᣬҾһղðġ

ѷָڲ֪䶼ʼװ㣬ǼƣʱҪȫ棬ȹʱҪϲ죬ŴʱҪ
Ҫھнǵ䣬ȥѾõİ֮¸
֪ǵԼʱͬɵһ㡣
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ֽὫӵݵЦƽϲЩҲ֣ſɻ⣿
еԼֻ˷İַϤ
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СʣζһȺˡɣ٩ţͷϲһ֧Ρ
ֶžӿ˰ΣͻȻ质ǲ֪ˣ
ֱɣεֽӣѾںɽˡ
˵䣬ѾԼƽµƷϸϸĽ̴ľ
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ʮڣ˴ɣ߽ʿơ
ʿǷ׷׾ϼй⣬ȻҲΪֿף
ϵЦӵһ̤ɽžûͣԱ߼񵥵ĵеʾԱߣһˡ
ѽǹϲϲҲУߵףأ˳ʮʯ
꣬һʣķӳ˼Ե
ƹƳصĵӣ𡣡Це
Ŷ˵ħģû뵽ô˵£Ұûôʢ
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ʾ˳̨￴ˡ
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⡢ҲƵ̫ˡ˲˲ͷϵĺ̲סǿһۡ
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̫ˡ̫˼ˡ˸оԼҪ衣
ʵϣ̨ѷĲԾ
Ũµħ֮е˭ǡ뽫һ򾡣
ǲμӻ磬ʿҲ̲סʼıۡ
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Ϊ质Ķʣôˣ
ᡣ质֣Լûǵɡ
㻹˼˵ôңšһѡ
ֻϲ质޹˵
лл㣬´βҪ־ϲ˹质µһҵķ˿ۡ
质ЦЦִ飬ָһѪ

½ɽΪҲΪټԼж˾סʱĴĥʮơ԰ƣǧƵͬһһ𣬸мʤ
Ϊº˫˫棻һ˱ѡڣ⵽췣׻
ȻʱҲҪϡ
ǩ质ϵ׼ȴûƬ̣ŤŤչ飬˵֡
൱Ѹˡ
质Ǹ质
ǻ
ɽҪˡҲҪˡ

ྲһֱѹȫޡ
漴ָֻ˺ͰЦݣλˣֻǲ뱾ڵӵĽʽ벻Ҫ롣˵գʾӿϲˡ
̨µ˸ꡣ
ѲЩдֵ飬̵ظܵԼȻ̻Լ
㡭ƺ̫ƽ
û㣬ǲǶҵĲƽ质˫ס֣ܽ
ֵĺɽܵƷ׵ĵʮأΧɽ壬ֻ֦쪣ˮ
ѵĺһأ质ҶУ̫䣬ˮҴܡ
ͷʱڳŲסһغƤ˵һ䣺质˴һȥ
ᡣ质ؿΣӰӱصһ
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һһʮ 
ߵϯ, ħǱ߻ûʽ֪ᡣ
ǣ质ħһˡ
Ҫħ֪վߵŮ, Ǳ, ʸ˾ħˡ
Ž, ɽ, ñħ硣
ŵĵطûԿ϶ǰħǰʱܵķΧһˡ˵ħе࣬ڵħ硭һů
֪ΪħӰ죬·һģħڲƯС
ħҲ᳤Ļ𣿡̲ס˴һ䣬ĻΡΡ, һƬ, 洦ɼľ֮
æ֣⻨Լɢܡ
质ۿ˿һֱ쵽ħĻ֪һħǸĹ
ʱ˿, ħʮҪˡ
տħ飬ǻΪĸʿϸһָһ, ħʱ˶ܵ
첻, ħô͵͵֤ˣ
ô죡ħˣ
˵Ҫŷˡһתħôͽˣ
ħǰ촫˵ħʰһ¡ҰħܱߵĻ, 𣿡
ɳɳɡ㿴ͷҲң·ĺϲʡ
ȼħˣǸ˵ʲôŲħ𲻸ˡ

Ӱ׷һǽ, ͷӬһת, Ȥˡ
󻤷, Ҳǣӡѩ˸ǷôħشҲ߶߶˰ɣ롣
˼Ӱ׷һЦĴǼȣ¶һȮݣ㣬Խʰʰ
棿ӡѩ¶ɻ󣬡ֻ˯ĵء
ˡ
ȥʰʰһתͷûӰ󻤷Ҳֵ˼߹ָһʮ
õӣɲħġ
ʱ质Ӱħ⡣
ʮ˵质űд񣬡ӭħ𣬹ӭħˣ
û뵽һӳôħޣһǶƺĲӦ
ħʲôġ
תͷ质ȴӦס֣ƽλϡ
϶£һħޣֻܿǹͷ
Ƭ̣Ļħ»Щʲô⡪ŻйħİɣħһǾʹ𡭡
ҵķˡ
һ룬仰
ǻԼˣϾħټǴ̸ֻҵ̸
ӽ󣬼ңаֲ
֮ϣ质ĮȻ·ѽ֮ڿŮʱֱ̼ޱºͣΪ֮
֪ΪΣħδ
ħһǳϱģԺԷƴӿô죡
ǲ˵һ䣬󻤷ԣʱ򣬿ɲ鷳
ǻСסգʱշ¶дóʱɡ质ܽûʲôˣǾ͡
ţȻʲôקק质ӣС˵ϴνĮؾǱڵˮ
ţ质Դսܿ£˼һЦ֪ˡ
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һһʮһ 
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质ʮֺЦսקһš
ɪһ, ѡ
õַӦ, ӿ£˼, һ§, һҲûпӵء
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һȵ̫ˣ÷˺úòһС
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, ֻǰѹһƬӰ, һ, ˿ݾǰŴˡţ°һȣµһǡ
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