±رС˵ַwww.27txt.La
ÿ£ϲȥ

С·ߣǧ
İ
βͣÿȤǰԼβ˯
༫βͣڻࡣ
ر˵һָõβ͡ϲ
ֵҡҡβ͡
༫˼Ůޣһָ˵ȱһá
˵ҪȥƤ
Ŷ
ӣԼβ
޲ޣƯβ͡
Ҳ˺ġ
༫һսȫʤȵҡҡλȥСβ͡
СβͶˡ
˽˵༫ļ⣬磬©
*
ֵֿزСţÿ챧Լβëɹ̫
Եʱ룬Ľҹģ
ֱβͷ˸
޹
*
˫C˫
ǰŰųСģʻ
ݱǩ 
ؼ֣ǣ  ǣ  
һ仰飺СβͲź
⣺Լ
vipǿƽ
ǰƽ֮һֻ༫ϦദΪദǱ˴֮ˣżȻһַ֣ԨδɶԵȵݿһСִַ뿪༫뿪֮ŷ֣֮󣬾ǧҲˣֲ֪ԨִŶС
ϸ壬ŮӽǸߴңѹУҪϣӭĳɳ


1 
ˡ
˺ӵ̰˸ߵ«һƬԴУһŵĺβŮ
Ϣ紵Ϣڷзӿĳʪˮ
ְ˯β͡
βɨ˻ΣůȺβɨ«ϣ΢˵㡣
ۣһ˫Բĺۻ˯ʣԵɵɵء
ͷǼ⡣
ʪأβͼëëը˦˼βͣڴ«
ֲϲꡣѧνβһ꣬ƯĴβͻᱻˮʪһƯأ˳ëë鷳
ҡ
һ꣬ԨҪ졣
ĴȹմȾ«ţ֮ǰҪȥС
˺ӱܳʪСꡣ
˺ڳ༫ǣӵһ䣬ǴƬƬɫĳָܹԣ㡣
ӭ滹ײһϮɫȹ෢澡
ɫǣ´ҴңһȹĺβŮԾ˿
ڻˣء
ÿ졣ȻҪ˺Ӱ꾰ˡ
Ƕ֪Գ༫˵һΣյѶš༫ӣһټİһ˸ԡ
ֱִ붫ʱҪ·༫ײϴ̴ݡ
ǵͦε£˲ټ£ڳ༫λҲߡ
̴ݱָһأ۵ͷƳ֣ӺϢת˸ȦǲǷ˸ۣɾԲʲôѺõģ
ٶȼƿߣǰʱĿбӣֱ˹ȥ
Ҫ˵ʺҲҪ
ǰŲ뿪žʹ̴ԵЦ
ֽ²ֱͣת˸䣬ߵֱ߽Ų
̴ġ
ܾ֮ǰ֪һʱ̴˸á
մãܺãʹ̴ݡӵ˯һ뿪ʱ˳ڸ̴˸á
ʱ̴ݲδ˵ʲôǴżȻ̴ʱһθʺʱǿʲôˮƵĶܸƲһ仰
Զ㣬
ֻǵãʱɲ
˵̴ֻݣ༫εĴ󲿷ˣϲ
Ϊǳ༫ġ⡯
ȹƹ֣ɢķ˳תһĨ΢
νҲϲǡ
༫ں˾͹ˡ
ˮǰһ̣£ˢˢŤת˻ģŵ洹ȥ
ָܼǰһ·С˳ƿ˴š
˳ƴ˽ȥݶϴŵһĺֽҡҡλΣ׹ŵһࡣ
㴹ᣣڶֱž֦յƣյϲδ򣬶ʢʮ˿žӨ͸ĺ顣
ЬŽŲŵŵĺ޵棬Ϣƹ֡
һ߸ߵĵ̨ϣһ齡
ƽСĵطֻϣһ޳ˡ
ɢɢһϮɫڱøɿ塣
һžƺ˵Щϸ΢죬һָ̧Ŷǣ΢΢̧
ɫĻ́ʱ˳ֱۻ䵽⣬ֻһխխɫ䣬󴦣شһ塣
ƷʵΪֹĲΣϢ
һ˫ķ΢УļȻϣƹСԶ
ֱˣһ˫𡣼ЦЦȴ˵գۣżڵϲ˲䡣
ԨžƺͷһھƣŨľζɢ
һǳǳľ㣬°͡

ԴƣԶƵ
ȹһ߸ߵĵ̨ͷȫעؿ
խСƽһֻպãÿԨʱԵøơ
ղϵֹ̨̧סֵһקֱӽ뻳С

һֲ̣Ծԭ͡
˻УʱһֻůɫС
ԨСβһѡ
һԣԨת˸Ȧҵλã̳һţ°ʹСϡ
˰Ⱦƣÿʱŵһɵľ㣬ö֮βմȾ˾
С˯һ
ЦСװֵֻͶסˡ
ȥˡԨžƣָֺ࣬Ȼʡ˵ʣ˵Ȼȷ
ֶ˶⡣̫ϲ䣬Ԩ֪ģÿ鲻õʱ򣬾Ϳɾ䡣⡣͸ˡ
ûش
༫У˵ԨʲôԲϲˣǴžʯˡ
Ԩϲȥ¡ΪʯѲصء
ǺӣǺӣƹɽ뿪˳༫
ʯᾭ˳·ǰ䣬ʱִһЩСԣͱӣͷһЩӡ
ϲЩǳĻӣм|ҵ˵鱾ӣ
ʯÿ£µһơ峿ƵƷµϿա
ÿʱֶȥʯһЩ⸬ӣһ裬һЩȤ¡
þˣʱҲԨȥ
Ԩδش⡣
ֵĳĬЩ¾ƺСһ̣һųСٴαغȹŮ
Ȼı仯ûӦʵʵԨĴϡ
ƳԨţͼĻ
ƺЦһֻ־ͽСڻУӦ
Сūԡ
ŴҲū
Ҳ֪Ԩ³俴˭Ƹè岻ʱū
Ǻ겻è
ܼĴ߶žء
УּǱԨĻУűű䣬û¶ȡ
Ҳˣ˦һβ͡
ڲʲôСһ䡣
Цţ֣ɺܲã۸ˡ
ü⻳еСܿ˳ֵĺβ
һƯĴβͣůɫԲëβͼⲿһɫϸëɶԲָм
СβͣԨܸ͡ԭ˳ںЦ˵˲ŵĻ÷СסϧԸ
е䡣ֳԨţˡ
ůͲ
һϲů͵ĺꡣ
һΣԨҲûܰס֣ЦʧŻСÿº͵ȴݾܾƿ
齵һԾϥţƯĴβڽǰؾء
÷˰֪ż˯ڻɹ̫ʱŮ÷ɽˣ÷ûбӻ༫Ͷϡ
ǰЩʱȥ÷ɽרȥ÷˰ɡ
˵÷˳ҹƣʫһ÷ɽѩ÷ժ衣
˵ᡣ

룬ûȥ÷ɽҲ֪ǲ˵ɽѩ紵
ͷԨϲҿԸβͣҪǸˣˡ
ÿԨ˾βͣҲҲһ
˭֪䣬˵ɫ䡣
Ǵֻôһ㲻䣬˴ǹţȴЦⶼޣǵĽ˪
ֻԨأ׾ܸ֪˵һֵŭ⡣
⣬ЩãȻؿ
Ԩڲʲô
˵ָһֵ°ϣ޳ָṴ𣬺ƽƵĲͬǿƣȴβͣ
־ûش𡣸оԨܲȶ˵˻ҪëëĴ
ԨҲûĴ𰸣ϸ˵ҵĺβֻס𣿡
ݾܾ
βͶ˶ȻĽβͱŴ
ǡ
ûпǡ
Ԩֱӵ˵ȼסһ㣬һ㡣ʲô˵ģֻͳ༫йصκ£òġסݣֻҵ衣
˵գּһΣҵĺ
㶵ؿһʱǲβ͡
°ϵָҲǱģջغҲһ˿⡣
ǰûٿֽ̧ٴαغ꣬У߬ĺβеأһѡ
û
ȴ磬ڶֻʣžԨĻ˱úܽƷһʱֻܳԨתɿ˵ŸϽӯ̨ϡ
ŵĴǿĻͤˮˢһ㱡ʲôҲ塣
Ҳû뿴ʲôʶ˦β̲ͣס롣
ǵߴ˰ɡ˵衣
ǣֻһֻȡůСѡ
Ҳֳ༫Ͼ༫ҲΪһʱ̰ůӺҶ˯˯ŹѪϡ
˯ѺһѪĿ˶ЦʣС꣬ߣ
ָˡ
һж޹أֻ
ؼ䣬ֻ
ֶĻĬĬţͣʱǰգͲˣҹͣ꣬͡
һɡ
Ъϸ©ҹͣ
˲ٵ֮ǰӽС
ÿ»һƣҲ⡣
£ȹƹЩСܿȥϱߵС¡峿һһ|ӡ
ڵϣСͳһСһεɫ顣
ϺܿٳСӡ
ֽŽȥʱ󴵹һ硣
۽⴦ܿһĨɫ°ڡ
ͷ
Ź⿴ò
ǵ߿ţº͡
һ룬֪һ´˵صˡ
һٿţ
ʯ˳Աߵʯϣ
£ĪЩȻ
ʯЦЦ
ºܴеĲֶ
ǣ֣ĺ𣿡
ֽУһƽˡ
ϲʯѾһ۵ո˿ݵǰ
ָ֣ʯл
ڳ༫Ǻϲʯ˵ġϾУΨһһẰֵˡ
ԨҲֻСū
ԱߵСʯϣϥµС棬ǸǺӵɽԶԶأҲǸƵĲ׳
Ųеɽ壬С˵ȫġ
ԨĲĲǺõİɣһ㡣
ϾֻԨѽ
ʯƺεЦЦ
û˵
ʯϣ峿ɹûůأʯŤͷһۡ
ƺڷƺֻǶԶɽ岻ĺβڻУصýʵʵ
죬༫һ
ʯᣬء
ˡ
βͼ⣬ĬƬ̺ͷС÷𣿡
𣿡
ʯʡ
ʣЩġ澵ĿУ޷ԨϾδԨӡ
Ҳ÷ˣܼˡ
롣
Ԩѽʲôӵġ
ۿ
л˵
ԨСū=
ûִĿ
ǺþòЪϢһ´ֺԨʹҼ~
ϣϲѽ
Ĵ󼪣~
ӵġġ
ûĵġ޵һ仰
ѽɣŵϣûĵʱɣһϲʣô֪ûģ
ѳŵʿùǺһ壬ֱӰɣɽ
ɽֵŴᣬչضɾҲѵλ
ֱקɣ嵽ɾǰ״
ʦ۸ң
ɣһ·ЦֱɾʱЩЦˡ
һǰ۸ѩ˫񣬶
ɣ屻˩ţͦε̬ƫ룬ȻҲͽ
ǲ˺á
ɾǰ޶ǱСüۺЦƫƫʱֻô赭дһۣЦգĮľƽ޶á
ɾѪӿŷ˭
ǴδΪοʱĻ᲻ȣ
ɣ룬¶һ̵Ц
ɣ壬ǸСѸ
ķ˰ǰľѵһ̡


2 
༫ܾûӭӹˡ
˵÷ɽҪ˻û˼ӵ˲ֲ֪˵÷ɽ˱ȴǼ͵סС÷԰
Ϣʱͷɹ̫أֻСɹպ÷˸˦˦β͸ϡ
С÷԰ʲôط֪
༫󡣳˵ڣӼʮĵ⡣־ܳȥȥ˺ӣ£ժ¡Щطɹ̫ůġȥĿܾǴƹˡ
ڳ༫ܣҲִƬ÷ĵطҲûС÷԰
ǡ
룬ԨרŸ÷׼İɡ
÷˵ĳ֣ƺûиִʲôӰ졣ƽﰴͰɹ̫żһ¡÷˵ֶЩ
ʯ԰˵÷˰С÷԰Ｘʱ䣬˻Ѿ֦ͷ
ųԵҲĵ˵С÷԰澣ֺҪ
ߵﶼ÷ˣ
ԭͣ˳ܡ
·澣ûע⵽µС߱߼Ҵҵ÷˷Ƣ˵һҪȥͻҲô죿
᲻յ
һҡҡͷɵӦòᣬ÷ڣӦòȥ
ܵýŲһ㡣ŤͷĿ뿪
յǶҲסŵĵط澿еˣ
ܲˡԻûΣڻصյ
÷ԨǶûˣɹ̫Ҳɹòˣȥ
õǺáִŹǷƿţŷֱ˰ռˡ
գգۡ
ñ÷ȥԨΪʲôϣֱ۳Ŷǣ˯ѵģ
˵ҲСһμ
־ôƬ̣ϵ˻ۣǵ𻡶ȣ͵Ц
ſƤܲˡ
˵գۣһ˫͸ϡ
֪Ƥǧ겻겻ϡ¼ĽޣһҪƤĽʡ
ֻϧֻڼ֮أֱ𺣡ֻҪϣŽӽԪӤʵԴ᲻ɴݵĻܣնϻ𺣣ܣҪƤ£
ҲˣƤ˵ܻ֮á
ƿߡ
ûƤ
˭֪һһ͵ߵڰף㿴ˡƤ㿴ڻˡ
ֲֶԨ
ֲƤã
Ԩƺ֪ٴοƤ£ͳһɵ׹ȥ
ֽӹɫĽžһϢ
Ԩʾ´
ﵹһԼĪߴСԲԲġѣ
ֱ´ӦúЩѺ񣬵ײ֦мЩľɫĲʣȦѣһһŰɫƤë
Ѵõֵһ𣬾һֱԴԴɢģ˻պ¡
ֱѻڴأϲŵ˰಻סָã°͡
ΣƤĺѣɻϲ
˵ոԼе²ĻôԨĻĲ²õ֤ʵ
ֱ̧ԨβƫУӭߣ԰ü
½޿ѰѵõĲƤȻŪˣ˸ѡ
ԨɫЩӯ齣ùСѣϣҿƶ˺üλãŲͷԣ⡣Цúò⣺ԡ
˫ֱָѽСѿ˼ۣƿߣûסЦһС
ôѣ
ϲѽϲƿ߻ǻĶ࿴ۡ
ѡ
Ԩָ֣ĺࡣ
еСˡߡ͸ãеСǲǴһ¶ң
ֶɿ춶˶˺Ͻ̧ס˺
ҲסЩµա
ԭ֪Լѽ
ҧ´ûֹסĴǡ
ûС
ŲǹԨߣǣǶɹһ̫
ɷϣԭԨ֪רѸеССĻϲһ㡣
ԱԭȺСӯ굽
ɫƤëţϣԲԲһţССһţֻһɵĴβͣҡҡȥ
Ԩһֵָ࣬β͡ѩƵƤëŵСһǱߣӳĵСһſɰ
ת˼Ȧ
ô˵أĺŰԲԲѽ֮󣬵ײȸպãÿⷭβ͡
˼Ȧϲϲ̧ϿɶԨͷģ
СЩסˣβͲˡ
ԨȴۺЦ⣬̧˵üġ
ˣι⸬ܸܲ˵㣿
ЩȻص˵ͷ
С꣬⸬Ҳѽ
˸ɣβͣȴԨι
ԨһСңȡһɰɫɹޣƿһ˱Ƕ
ָһ⸬ǰ˻ΣСūԡ
࿹ĳƺǺ겻èܽū
ԨһȻӣȻҲɫ˵Ҳǣ˼ҵūҪƸġûƸ㣬ȷá
Ÿое㲻ԣҲ˵ﲻԡ
Ԩ¶ҡҡϵ⸬ƸūСɣƸС⸬Σ
ȥҲ֪ϰסܾԨڶ
Ρ˵ŲΣ⸬ģһҧ⸬ϡ
ȳ˵û⸬ź겻Եġ
ȴָһ㣬Ųҧ⸬С꣬˲һ|ɫȹĺŮһɱȺˣһҧ⸬ϣЩҧԨָ
̧
ԨȴЦˡ
֪ˣҧˡ
ỹãôһᣬֻͶֿ죬¶һ˫С
װͰ͵ء
׵Ԩһִȥ
Լ̫ĿŵˣֵСô⧲һ궼ɵˡ
ţ
ۡ˻һһָչ¶ֿҧңҿҪҧġ
ֲŵؿ
ûҧ
˺Ƥĳ̶ȳְֵ̧סֵĺ󾱣ͷֺҧһڡ
һֻ̣ŽƿԨ̧Ŷ䣬
Ԩ޼ɵЦвӦҡС꣬ĹĵŴβתܡ
Ԩȥ׷ִֻ̧һžӨ͸İ飬С˹ȥѣסҵƸҵĺϡ
βһס˰飬ͷҲصܡ
Ųء
Ԩ
*
ɰɫĴɹ޿Ųÿһ⸬Ѱ˼ŸÿˣôҲԲꡣ
⸬ĺóԣȥůůأϲġ
ֱ⸬ںҡ
տ۰ѹ֦βڻ֦ϣ˫|״һŰ飬һһεأεûҡҡ׹
һ⸬ֽɹܽƣһֻһ顣Ͼܾ⸬Щ
ö~
ĶƤЩա
ﴦ͹Ĺĵأתȫѻţһ㶼
βͣºȥ˺ܼȦʳ
ӯأһͷһ磬ɵβ϶Ƿ۰|۰׵Ļꡣ
ֻ˻βͣû伸ƬůȵĴβͣԶ˵ע⡣
ԶԶţ⡣Ȼиء
ŮӵƺһЦ⡣ʱЩ룬䣬ü
ֻ
һ࣬һȹŮӣͷ޻ֳȣòֻ¶һ˫ۡ
Ů߻ͷĺɵĺβ۵׻һ˿Ȼ
ȥȣţ촽һЦú᣺ǳ༫С𣿶Ư㣬ɺã
л˵
ԨƸƸĲֻūϱ~
Ҳ˳ֵһղרŶԤ֪~
һٸ~


3 
ֱ⸬޵һ
룬ǰİŮҲ÷ˡ
Ȼҡҡͷ
Ҳǡ
ǳ༫С
ֻͬڿ÷˵ʱˡ
ԭβ͡
Ȼ֮䣬ֶ÷˲ȤˣҲԨ᲻Ȥˡ
תҪߣ÷ȴԺס
ðˣֻƺһֻ˵ǸҼһֱûšβͣϴˡ
÷Ц᣺ǲ֪γƺ
룬ǻͷ֣صظ֡
ֹ֪ԸС÷԰һ棬˵ءҳէ˵˵ּįġ
÷̬Ⱥº͡
ֲȥϲΪԼֱ˵ҡͷҲȥ
÷Цǳǳܼ׷ˣֻĿͺŮȥ
úõأô÷ˡҲ˵ΪʲôЩơ⸬˲͸⸬ԨȻס
ֱ⸬ţˡ
Ȼ⸬Ҫˡҿߵţ߹ٹȥͿ༫Ƕܻڡ
£ͷԵĴ
ΧһȦʯϻɢСۻִ鱦зСͻͻͻһӳ
⸬ޣ򴽣е᲻á
룬ֻǴӽϽǿŰ飬ҪͶСһˮϮֱӹǿŰʧ
һգȥϣ̴˫ðƵĵ
ʲôֲص˻ȥ
˰飿
̴ݿǿԲ飬ٿʱԳƵ
𻨳
¡
̴ݣǿŰ̴ݵУҲҪˡתҪߡ
֪жô̴ֶ߬Ű飬ֵģһҪ˹ҧɱ
ֽͣסˡȷ֪жԨִָš˵ġ
̴ּ䱦֮ˣҲΪ¶ʹļ׵ģôֺ档
̴ȴδֱӸֻݺ˵ѩǺѲƫ˵Ҫѩһ˿ƤëֺҲϢȾӣר˰µĹ򣬶˰죬⸬ϵ
㲻ϡ䱦Ҳ⣡
ŴĬĬ⸬ӡ
̴̯֡
֪ҲͰˣȻԨרŸŪģǲҪĺá
ϾԨʹ֪ã취ķϵ
ҪĶ̴ݲδ黹Ƕ¶һôѺõЦ̧顣
Ҽ񵽵ģԻϽҪԼȥҵҪɡ
׷̴ΪߣֻһָʧӰ٣ζõΪô׷ϡ
⸬ޣЩãȻ룬ȥԨҪ
ֳ죬죬Ԩû̴֪ǲѾѰԨ
뵽ԨרŸŪģЩ᲻á⸬ɹװʱ䣬Ⱥĵ⡣
һƬĮ̇ܲиƵİ
ڰԣһϮǳɫȹأƬ̣Ѿеſȹ
һϸȦ档
ǹЩʱ˽Ų˼ֵ֣ͣ󼸲⡣
ַ뿪ȹڣͷһһЦĺꡣ
ڵ㡣
衣
ͶԵ̴ݲ̫һʱʱ̶̿ǴЦأֱϣ̴Ӧһġ
ִŰ߽һ·Сܡ
ԨĵԶǼɫ壬շɪ
Ψߵ̨ϵıΨһĺɫ
ԨڱϣŪһŰ飬ƿţС̽ͷڵСһ̧һץֱӽڵźץ뻳
Ծ飬ûҶԨŵڱϣסĽףһᡣ
Ԩʣ֮ǰŻҽŵġ
ʵʵش𣺡š
Ԩŵľţǳɫȹϻǳǳөţ˳ԨĶȹڻ䣬¶һزɫ㡣
ԨĽףۣݳһֻ֡
˵һ룬Ļ˻ȥһɫߣŰ飬ֵĽϡ
ȫڱϣûȫɵ۾һգգ˵ͷĽף׾ؽᡣ
һͷҲ֪ԼЦʲô
Ԩ˹ֽϵϰ飬ָ˵
Ц̧ͷ
Ԩ̧ӣЦñ⣺ǲϲˣң㻻Եġ
˼÷÷Ҳʡ
һ㶣ûӦԨе˼ҡͷϲġ
УԨɿĽţ˵ϲⶪ̴ݼң
ֺֽεعСĵأһ
˵¡֪Ʋȥġ
Ĳ˵Ϊ÷˲ŻȻôƣ˰⸬뷨
Ԩոջ÷ˡڱ˵ˡ
˵ֻͷĬβţۿɼص䡣
Ԩֶһѡ
ס㶪Ψһɣ㿴ϣΪԵġ
ϣϲʱԸҸõġ
еۣûҿŴ
Ԩ¶һôƵЦ⣺֪ϲҪΪʲôϲ̨С¡
ָ»סֵ
ŮϸָֻۣȦס
ϴЦ⣬ȴмΣգһצӰϲķʽ
֣òæֱ
ڸңΪʲô£˰飿
ӭԨߣĺ˵Ϊһʱáԥ죬ҡҡͷ
ԨԼСãԴŶ䣬ˡ
ķ١
ֻһΡ
ֶ˾䣺ʲôʱʲôʱſժ˰飬ס𣿡
ԼСƤţ
Ԩ˶٣ĵɼ÷ˣ÷ˣҲá
ӹһ١
ԨǰһأֲòԭͣԨһֵ档
֮ÿ峿Ҫҡһҡϵİ顣
Ҳ˶ãĵˡ
ʱܺú뻯Ҳ¶βˡ
˺ϵ«ô˯ѹһƬ«񣬴ҡɹ̫кӷżò⡣
˵ɹ̫ʱ򣬳ԨżȻ˴ŵġ
ǽ˯ãȴ˾ڲԶһһ
ֹֹ
ֲ۾Ŷװû
ټĳ༫Ằֹģֻмһ÷ˡ
ѾҪҪӽȡݵط˵תһ룬ΪʲôҪء
˺ӱ˯ˣһֱ
ߵ³ǱȹŮˡ
ȹŮЦ˵С÷԰ź÷˵ģ÷רȥˣġ
ҡͷܾ
ȥ
ǰȹŮȴ˵ǵķԸ
һ㶡
ǰȹŮּǿǵ˼ֹȥ𣿡
ķԸԨ÷
˵÷ȥȥ÷˾Ԩ˵һҪȥ÷֮ǰ˵ȥ÷ˣ˼ҿĶβͣ
ϲȥġ
ɹ̫ůأȴһ꣬Ƶأеܡ
áЭˡ
ȹϵ«Щ˵룬Ԩһˡ
л˵
Ԩֻϱõ
֣ҧ=-=
һٸ~


4 
ѹֲ֪С÷԰ʲôطԭѾڳ༫ķ룬˵ڳ༫ıԵ֮ء
ǶЩʱǻߵģȥԨ˻˵ʺСȥ棬˼֮־Ͳȥˡ
ֻл֮أһСԺ̲𣬻ľïʢǽߣڻĳģ
ˣвٵ÷÷ɫĻ俪ʢ
Ժּһε÷ˣ°ԶԶ
ֹѵͣ롣
û͡ڳ༫Ҳûп͵ĸоߵﶼڵأƫƫ÷ô˵һãȻ
͡
ֲ⣬ĬŸ÷˽ãذ׵Ĵοʫģ׵ԭľɫ϶ǵ÷꣬һλС
÷λЦڱλ
С÷԰мŮ÷˴÷ɽģźֻܵڵݲʱֵ̧ǸܾЩ΢
ֽӹ豭ûкȣֻУ̲ס룬񵽵һʲôоء
˵ͷĦŲ豭ʱȻ뵽һʡ
Ҳǡӣ
ֹƺ裬֪ƽϲʲôʳģѾͷĲᣬЩĵһ֡˵´Ҳ׼á
÷˿ڲ裬ΎôǣϸƵü䣬ᡣ
ֲó졣ܱŤ
Ͼ˯֮͸Ԩ˳༫ô䣬˵˾Ԩʯ
˶żȻ˵Ҳǲò˵ģû˻˵֡Ļ
ܲϰߡ
⸬ַ²豭˵
ȷ⸬ƽ⸬Ԩõģһһ޵ĳԣֻһ⸬ԵøһЩ
˵ϲ갮ԡӡΨԸֲҶˣֺԽܵذӡ
Ҽˣ´ֹһЩ⸬׼š÷˺ЦȤҿȥʵôֹﰮԵ⸬
˵ţ÷˶Ůüʱ
Ůϥǿˡ
ĬĬšԨҲҪ
ʲôֱ˳
÷ϥҲã㲻˺㡣ֹǧҸǸ
ƭģһ㶡
Ҳ˵Ԩûǿϲ顣
ָһ㣬תһ룬÷ԨƭΪϲʲô
ܲ⣬Ҳ̫Ԩ
Ըɴʵƭʲô£
÷ϸһЦϸֹ֪ҷȥ󣬸ټ÷ɽǧҲκҿ÷˵ͷڲԱҵõҵó༫շ
壬Ե÷˵ĿɨֵĺջʱЦᣬֹǵġԵշ
Ĭ˵꣬û̫סֻסһ¡Ԩ÷壬÷˾Ҫرϡ
ΪʲôҲûʹѽԸ⡣
÷˵ҲҪ
תʱȻ뵽ʯĻ͵ߵʱҪ˵һ仰ġ
ǡ
˵꣬÷˵Ŀ£õż
һձڣһµԨŲҴҵسֵǰ
ûգۣͣ½Ų
˼תһ۾ͿԼС󲽿ֵ̧ļ
ôˣ
죬˵÷ƭġɻߣܾô˵Щ֡˵ô˵Ԩֻ֪Ļ
Ŵҡҡͷ
Ҫ
ԨʲôԥƬ̻ûʳڡ
Ƕ˵÷˳༫ٰշᡣ÷һİɡ
뵽Լǵ̴˵ǿŰ黨Ԩµʱ䣬ǰԨڳ༫У÷ôܺԨͻ裿
벻ͨͲˣԨһȥɹ̫𣿡
룬գ۵ȴԨĻش
ԨһҪӦ뵽÷ﻹЩҪ̧Сļ򣬺ȥҹ
ִĬĬ˵Ͳ
Ԩȹ˳÷ʢʯ·˳ȥ
ԨһֱСߵıӰȹ˲ٻ꣬ʱȹڷ𣬻ҡҡɢ
ĿרעᣬֱСıӰʧ߷ΧڣջߣͬʱЦ⣬ü´һķ
֪ſڵȺ˶ã÷ֱ̧ʱǰϥ

Ԩһ߽ãҲδְ裬ɨۣڱλһڵĲ裬ǹ˹ֱλⱭûкȵĲ裬ɫ˿ڡ
һ÷˶Уɫ䣬˼Цֹɰޱȣϲ
Ԩ²豭÷ˡ
ϴ÷ɽһ÷Ҳ֪࣬ǵΣ
÷Ц⣬۽üҹϳݣǼҷ÷һѪͷѪûˣֻѳΪ÷һ
ѳ˵úáԨȴЦҡһѰȣһβ˯
ѳ򣬱ҲΪ㣬㶯Ҳ޷
÷ɫ΢΢˱䣬ǿЦЦ
÷ѩ䵱ǼҷһһصסҲ༫ͶϡȻ÷һǧ˳ȻҪס÷ѩġ
ԨҡȣĿעϵСϡǰЩʱµģôոոСԼһ۲źá
ҲͷҲ̧ĵˣҪľ÷ѩ䡣
÷ֱϥ£һ
ݣ
Ԩָȣһһ𣬴ڵϵ÷ˡ
а÷ϣһڴӦˣ˵ԵĶҾ͸ݼ¡
÷ɫȥΣȳϡ
޳˵÷ѩ⣬ֻʣ÷һ档Ը÷ݼ¡
ԨĿϣһ̧
Ҳһ
÷˲δǫصͷѾ÷ɽ˹˳༫һ࣬˵Ƿ׷ţ檻Ϊ
Ԩ÷黹㲻ڵҪΣ
檲ԵģֻΪ檿һϯӷ磬֪ڳ༫һλá÷ЦΣˣ檵ĲǣҲܰΪ༫Чˡ
׼ˡʲô£ԨһڴӦˣһӦˣȥѰ谲š
ǣлݡ
÷Цᣬ˳һ᣺֪ӷϣֹܲͬ
ԨһУϮ
ᣬҲҪ㡣ô˸߱Ǻ⣿
÷ϸͣżȻֹֹôֺ档ֹƺô˶ཻ
÷˵ĻԨ򴽣ÿһ𣬲Ҫˡ
÷ɫ䣬Цºͣ˵ǣֻΪֹͲ󣬶鶼һ֪⣬檶ֹ׽׽
Ԩ΢΢ĬƬ̣󵭵˵׽Ļ
˵ԨȴΪȻ
Сֻ׽ԵˣС࿴һۡ
ֻǸ۵ġʯ
*
ַ֣÷˲ֻǵĿͷȥɹ̫ʱһȹ÷ˡ
÷Ҳ˵ʺһżõ⸬
ֶûҪ
Ե⸬ԨģѾԹˡ˸ģϰߡ
ңҲϲ
˳С£µһƬɫƺʱһͱһ⸬ȥ¡
ʯһƬƺƮǺӵϿա
һ嵭Ϣ
ʯ
Ƕźɫƺ̲ס÷Ϊʲôң
༫ôƵֻԨ
ԨǸ˵ģ÷ñŤ
ʯҲһֵŵĵƺ
ҲΪ׽㡣
׽ֺزͷѵǺһ𣿡
ʯô˵ЦЦ
û㣬֡ʯ˵⻰ʱϣһ˫ؿ֣档
ִ
ҲŵģиŲǡ̴ݾͺ֡
÷ˣԵ󲻵õֻƵϣҲǺ顣
ʯֲ⣬̾ص⡣
Ҫڳ༫иλλҪ׽㡣
ֲ̫⣺ϲңң
ʯֽһӴĴʡ
ϲ㣬Ҳᡣֻǵģ㡣
á
ֵȷ˽ʡĬ˼Σˡ
Ӧϲ
ʯ룬һ顣
֪ԼϲӴһ¡´Ҫôš˴𰸡
Ϳ룬оԼЩ̫ϲ÷˵ġ÷˲Ļ÷ǲõġ
ǻټһΰɣټһ÷ˣúõȷһ¡
һ´ϡʯΪҹȼһյƣֱֿʼʯȰȥ
һСӣ·Ĵġ
ҹ£ץ˺öө档
ԨӦúܾûмө˰ɣŸ˵һ㡣
ֻصƿţʮź
ԨȻСѵûڴ䣬ԼԼΧ塣
˳Сӹȥ
Ԩ
Ц¶һСѡ
ԨһźɫӣŲδӣǾźŮܹЦ
Ⱥ˼ʱĻҲ֮ƽ
ֶ̧ӣС˹ָ
ֹԹǰȥԨࡣ
Ҹ˺öԨѺ
Ԩ֪Сʲô˳˼̧һ䣬еĺɲǼȻ޹⣬жʱһƬڡ
صͷ𿪽
ֻһ˲䣬өȿֺɳǵӫһһ΢⣬
΢£ֳԨЦۡ
Ԩϲ𣿡
˸ûпһֻֻϸө棬ȫעǰĺŮ
ЦЦﶼ
Ԩһֵࡣ
ϲ
Ƶδ˵꣬⴫ȴԼٵ
÷Ϯ̫
Ԩüһš
ջأջصģδ֮ԡ
ֵ˾䣺ȳȥһˣ㿴
Ԩ׻÷Ƕŵߣ̧ȥ
ֹԭأ̯ſտյĽҴŹرյͬʱҲ˵еĹ⡣
өͷɵĲӰ
һƬڰгĬβ͡
յץץһֻө涼ûˡ
˫۱ϥЩѹ룬ԨΪʲô֪ùֻҪ˴˿̾ʲôûѽ
л˵
Ԩϱҡ
֣Ǵ
һٸ~


5 
༫һС顣
÷ڵС÷԰Ϯ÷Щˡ
Ϊ÷ˣӷҪƳЩȴ֪ôŵģʱ䷴ǰˡ
༫ûаʲôϯˡ
һεڸ÷׼ӷ磬ͦ֡
ȥ̸ǳ༫ϯ˵ǲôϲĴڡ
֮ǰҲԨһʦ磬Ҳ칦硣
ÿζԨͬڸ߸ߵĵ̨֮ϣԨ벿֡༫˶Զľ룬ͬû˻û˻࿴һۡ
һ÷˵Ľӷ磬ֱŲȥġ÷Ǳרźھ붫Զʯ·ֵġ
÷ǰЩʱ˵ˣʱɫ԰ףѪɫˣЦᣬεؿ֡
ֹڳ༫˵ϻҲֻˣǧҪѡ
ֱžܾɾܾĻߣȻ뵽ʯ˵ġ
á
ǴӦˡ
ߴӦ˳ϯ÷˵Ľӷ磬Ŷһ̴ľӣʹյִһ۾Ϳˡ
Χ̴ľӿȥɫ۲δҶյǸİɣ
ƿŸȹ
ףȡЩз۰׶ƵխȹҲгĹɫɫĸʽȹ
ƺܶ࣬˻ﳾͬĿʽ
һȻһ£ƽﴩĴС
ЩǸ
ֶЩĵģڶѡһɫĹȹص᣺ȥˡ
ɫЩԨƽվġֻͦϲġ
һȹ֮ǰȹвͬ䣬ȹ㹻תȦȹмѣһɫϴʮŽ𶹶
ָºˮҴһ£ɫϲҲ¡
ϲ
žеԼЦ䡣
ԶԶܿᣱһһԨһĨЦȤ
ֶʱЩգȹ޴룬żڵϲ˲䣬Ԩ󲽿Ķûסһ㡣
ôֻɫСԨ߽ˣŲ˺һȦֶͷ˵㡣
ЦʣҼҳɫĺأŪĶȥˣ
߬ȹӣЩε򴽽ǡ
ӵת֧˰졣
ˡ
ԨЦʣŶĶˣ
һƽƫƫûõؿˣֻܽԭأŬŲӣҵƿߡ
ԨûдͬɫôȻԨƫһģͬɫѡվһ飬޳СϸǶһƵġ
úԶԶˡ
֧֧˵
ǿɲУԨֱֱƵ޿ˣǿͣ½Ų٬°ͣЦԶҲøңҪȥ
ҼҺ걿ңеġ
СֹŲǵġ
ҲԨͲСֻȽ֮£Ԩߡ
ô۸ҡԭɫСҡɵĴβͣڵ˶
ѽⲻҼұ˵С𣬻ˣ
Цеֱ̧һСֱָǼϵ˵㣬ǵʣ궪˵Ƕʱ䣬벻ң
˦β͸۾ϡ
أ⼸һֱûң벻룿
ġССش
ȻǸԨߡ
ߣͰˡ
Ǿͻɡ
Ԩһӵѣѡϯϴġִ촩ƫֱײ˸ţôҲ˼һˡ
÷˵Ľӷϣѡһɫȹϵɫİٱװ⸬Ľҡ
÷˵༫Ҳ࣬׼Ľӷ磬ĿĻҲǽӷ磬Լó༫һ˵ʶʶ
νӷߴǳ༫ʶϤ̴ݣ裬ɫϤĻиࡣǳ༫һȨĸ߽ʿ
Щƽ⣬༫Ҳ͵£һҲѼһΡ
ֶǼһӡ
̾ĳӵޣü۵ĸʿܻᱳÿͬŮޣʱЦеأǿԡ
ƽ׼ֵͳﱸˣŲɫص棬СŷС
ĵ̨ϣһųŵǿ˵ĳ档
༫ǴΪ˴νӷĶ÷˵λλ
ݣλþ㲻õ͡
վɴӺʯʯպҲƹԨ
Ԩѵãһ|ɫɾصƽɫ
ɨɫѣζһ̧СĶ䡣
ź򡣡
־ȳԼĶ䣬˱졣
ôˡ
ʱˣָԨ֣վԨ
ɨУȻûпʯ
ֳϣǲġ
ײ죬Ʊһ

ҲƱδվͱԨһְֻס
еľƱҲ˳Ʊߡ
÷ȻһŶСǰžơ
Ԩһֵľƣſ񱭣һ
Щź̾
δƵζء
˾˵һƺ󣬷׷
÷˺˲ͬɴһȹ޽Ű׻ֶžƱؾضŵķϥ
檵нգȫӻ檾һպõշ
Ǹ÷˵Ľӷ磬ԨǸӣԼǰľƱһ
÷¶һ˿Ц⡣
ֿ֣Цøᡣ
ֹҵĽӷ磬Ҳҡ
÷ͬƱ
һ㶣û뵽÷˻ơǣǰľƱ类ԨСˡ
ŤͷȥԨ
ԨֱһѣСҼҵģѴƼɡ
Ȼ÷˾ѡ
÷Цⲻ䣬˱оƣ
ֱӽ
Ԩ᲻ؿһۡ
˵÷˵Ľӷ磬Ҳ÷˿˸ͷ˵˸ţر˴˽̸
лиغ곤ˣžƱֱߵ̨µ̨ϣԨ̾
Ǹ˸ơǰӣҪ˷Σܸı䷨ˣɲװ⼸ŪǽͷöҪٿ޿ʱգ
⻰÷΢΢ˣ߬䣬ɫЦһԾš
Ԩµ߿࣬ȴüۺЦɨ֡
Ҳգż
л
곤ϲ̶žƱȥˡ
÷˰÷ɽһ˳ˣԺҲ۳༫Լˡ
һԲʿЦǺǴ֣˵ˣ㿴ҪҪµģ
÷߬ˣϻЦţܣʵڱǸֻԼȣйҵһˣõĿ׿ϡ˵ȴ£ĪҪЦҡ
ԲʿˣʧŶһҲûж˵ʲô÷˾һƣŤͷͺ˵Ե
һϯ˲١
ҲСѵضٻһЩ
ԼȡʲôԼ
أԨƹһС̡ǰƤѡ
һŰؾϸϸָ
ֺȻţǿֻʲô޹ؽҪˡ
ͷϲ̵س԰Ƥѡ
һ£ǰʹ
ҲλĸŮһ
˾ϴתһŸ
Ԩˣָ˹
ɫһŲ߹̨ף˵̨š
ɫվֵ࣬Ԩע⣬ʱԴѸһѡ
ٶȷɿ죬ֻҧѣûиоɫѾջִţվñֱ
ӹһС
ɫǲ͵͵Դˣ
ȷﻹѣҲʡ
ֻ̧ͷɫ
ɫɫ
˾ϴ˵İŮ˾񼲲ǲҽΣֻ
ԨţһĿʮУɫ䣬Ѿֶ˳ϡ
ýһˡ
ɫ˹֣С˵Ѿȥ˾ϴ˸ˡ
˼ǣûȡ
ԨüĮ˵˾ϣڰ
÷˵Ľӷֻ֣÷˲ôдڸ⣬һжͦ˳
ԨСʱҪߣ˳䣬ʾָһ
ʱ䳤ˣ˸ת֮ʱ˳ϵСֽš
ɫš
Ԩ⣬룬Ԩƹʯ磬ŵݸԨ
Ҫ𣿡
ԨŽŲ˻֡
֪дʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷ
ֻɫ˵˾ϴʲôġ༫ô꣬δ˵ʲô˾ϡ
Ԩ֪뵽ʲôһи£ΪҳĹǵá
Ůڿˣ˾Ůʹ͡
Żڵͷ
Ӧѽ
ԨЦ΢΢һ˫֣һһ˵
ŮΪޡ
ҪҴӦ𣿡
л˵
Ԩϱ˹ң
һٸ~


6 
¡ǲеʱµϷûгƬĺƺ
ʯҲڡ
µһӴС䡣ʯġҲֵġ˯̫˯Ӽ䣬ůģҲû̫ɹ
ö֮ʯСС䣬ͱֵļǣˡ
ϷһỰǵʯġܶ඼һηרȥȢ޶Ůʮױ˫
ü纷κ˼ֻһ˫ˣ
һĿʮпٴС
һܣڶ˸
ԭȢ֮Ԩͻֲִ磬ͬʳͬס˿֮ء
ԨҪȢޣ᲻Ҫ˰ɡ
ֲףҲ벻֪ͨĺǲҲųڷ򸾶֮⡣ԼĻԨһۺʱεվһˣͲڳ༫ˡ
Ͼϲעӵˣʱۿտա
ԭȢ˼첢⣬ԨⲢδҲûΪֻĶ⣬ƺ̾˿
տԨĻǲǵøԨԨȢޡ
˵Ԩ۾￴
һ·СܻضҲԨҲûУ·ϸ澣ֺò׹ס˼ʡ
ϥ˸
ɫȥС÷԰Ǻ÷̡
ֵϲһɢ
ȥС÷԰ѽЩ顣ȥԨǶС÷԰Ԩһӵøо
һ·˼һ·ŵóԼ뷨
ԼǣС÷԰￴Ԩɡ
˼תۣһߣһţǸС۵ĺꡣ
С۵ĺҲ˲ϲġ˼ȥǲȥС÷԰ˡ
³˺þõһأ˳̾һ
ǻȥȰɡԨͻˣʱ˵Ҳһġ
ѵûгɹʱȥ˺˯ǴԼĵаһСڻԱߣڵſڡ
ԨһܸԨĴˡ
ĵȴǰġ
Ѿϰһ˵İеȴΨһĹ͡ҹĻʱѾһƤ⣬С˯һŻһȦʯխ·ء
ͷҹĻ˸ǿա
ҹˣԨ
ԱԭССĺźţǿա
һϵǣôǣ϶ʱԨͻˡ
һҹǺ貣ҹ
û꣬ԨҲûл
ժһ̫
ֻǽղǺǸģܲźƣֱ̫Ϸ˺üôҲ˯š
ϥǿڷߡ
ܸߣߵɸ༫
ͷȥС񣬱̴̨ݺԣһϮ߹ɫ̫Ե
Ŵһԣ˽ڣûٴγСԱ߱ƺڳ˼
°ϥϣŵ̫𻨰꣬ССһš
Ԩ֡
һĶԨϢ飬
һ̧̣֣
ֵͷĿԡ
Ԩƺ˸ͣǹûп塣
ֱ̫

һݱŤŸոո¶ͷǣһһȣֵǰ
Сūѧŷ˯ˣ
Ԩ䣬ƽܻһʱ俴ЦţȫעϵСδ̧ͷߣͬҲƲκλӦ
ԨЦ⣬֣Ƭ̧̺ȥ
С
֣Ҫżգǰʱ䣬ֻһġ
Ԩ˵
⻰ôһ㡣ǲ֪ΣﻹЩҲ˵ܡ㲢ڸһܣһûƿԨ˫һ˴ᱧ
δ뿪˳ָոյģϣбСָɢķ˿Ūš
˾ΪŮ˫תһΪ˿˾˿ơ
һС˺ÿһǴûӦֻӦɱ˺ŮħޡŮߵ㡣
Ԩб֣ķ궼ѹסͷ˵ţ˲õĴʣ˫޶˵ĸί
˴δԼҪȥһ졣Ҳڼҵʱ䣬㲻ҪܣԹԵһǡҪȥ¡
ǿ
ֿԨĻУԴҡ
Ϊʲôû𰸻زҪˣȥȻԼ֪ú˵ʲô
½ëǹ˳
ٸһ¡
ЩܣˣǵˣһˣٸԨĴ𰸰ɡ
ȥȥ£Ҷ
Ԩ˵˵ȥҪȥġ
ԨȤС˵ʲô¶岻ãкŮŪһţЦÿͰ͡
СѪɫ۾Ź⣬𡣿֣Ԩ۵ڷ֡
Ԩ˵ֻбһʱ䣬Ҳȷˡ
ʱɫ뿪༫ڵݴµģֻһ̴ݡ
һʱ䣬ֺܺô򷢵ġ
Ҫôȥ˺˯ɹ̫Ҫôȥŵ㣬ٲã̫ܺ׽Բء
ָԼһѵ¡
Լ׼⸬ޣһм׼ȥ˺ʱС÷԰澸סˡ
澶һЦһһֹϥ񣬹ͷ̬ȼǫȥС÷԰͡
ڣټĳ༫ǷҲֻʶֹˡ˻δȬʵƣﲻҪƴǣȥǷ˵ɡ
ǰĽӷ磬ֺ÷˼û˵ϻʯ˵ľ޷ȷϡҪȥɡ
ֻǵ͵ڣ׼һ޼С÷԰÷˵
÷˽ɹޣ԰׵Цᣬǣֿżǵغ˵
Ҿµڣһ˼įŴ߲ʱҾֻܵҸ˵ֹǧҷ
ԼҪȥ棬֮ǰʱıλͬǣһ÷˵ŮĲǲˮһ̵ٶˮ
⻹С״Ӹ㡣
ҲǷճʳ
ֶСӸ⣬÷ˣãȻ̧ͷ
֪÷һ仰Ҫشġ
ԥ£С˵
ȷǷֻһƸС
÷ϸϸ֣ѹѹǣȥЦ⡣
ֹɰޱȣѹֵôꡣ
ջضӸߣ̧÷˵ߣ˵ǵģҡ
Ǳ˴ȡů
÷ȴԲµĺͯϸš
ôǣԺöȣһӦǵҪģģÿһѶǵʹ͵ġ
š
ҳէʱղࡣ÷ɽһǧ˳ҵĲΪЧƹ÷ɽϣڵԣ֮ˡ༫ֹ⣬Ǹƾ£õݡ
÷Ц֣ȴ̶ظ֡
ʲôûС
ֲԾ߬һСȭͷ޼Բָ׺Ȼ˴˵̵ķۡ
ʵȥȡȴŵһУֻ
һǵС˭ԼĳƽЩأֹ˵Բԣ÷һЦһλǵޡޣκأеһС
ֹ֪Ϊһأ
ֳĬˡ
ҡҡͷ˵ǵġȴҲ÷Ļ
˵Ҳ÷˵ģ
Ԩĳ
÷˿еޡ
һոʶңԶĴʡ
һġ侲̧÷˵ֻĴ𰸡
룬Ԩһܲޡ
ǲǾû˻һٶǲԨˡ
ǡ
⡣վԺ󲻻ˡ
Ѿдˡ
ϲ÷ˡ÷˵ܻܡϲһܵˡ
Ԩ
÷Ц˵Ѿȥ
ˡĲˡʢ÷ߡȥҲȥ˺ɹ̫
ܲѹ紵ʣСȵ̲ݱöᡣ
ŷߡ
ǵãһƬߵʱǰ߲ãһʯ̨
Ƕһܸߺܸߵȥһ磬紵ʱҲһɡ
ԽԽģǰգɫѾȻĺҹ
أоζһ¡
ͣ½Ų
ûдƺʲô˳ԶԶĵٵأѸ͵ء
ʱ䣬ĽǺëȻ޴ӵȻһԾŭһŵضɽҡ֮ƣͶݵسѪڣ͵
ʯ֮䣬ʶرۡ
Ԩһûü㣬ܲء
л˵
Ԩ˳Ҳ۸ϱ
֣Ʊ¸ұһȭŮˣ
ޣ
һٸѽ~


7 
צٶ֮ѸͣȫӦֻ̧ڵ
һ̣״ӰɫĹ⣬Ƶɫʱְڣһצݺ֮ϡ
޲ʵŭ
е졣ۣǻϴ״͸ϣϡһֶѩϢ
壬ǽϰŵİ顣
ѩǵȻǿܹȻӡ᲻ɴݵ
ǿҵϢҲֺЩ١
궯Ĵצӣ汻ĳ޴Ĺ֣ľݹɵöᣬزϣһĳĵѷ죬ơ
ûԼʵͷˣᣬ˵һŨ޲ܹҲǺ
ŵضޣ΢΢ͣŶƵһ˲䣬غطȥ
Ĵϡɫİֳһ˿ջλס֡
ѹǣ֮ʱ˻ŭԶ
ŨҵϢ̼޲Ϸ񣬼һʯСצǰ裬˺Űϡ
צʵ̫Ƥ˺һ㡣
̣ʵ޷ܣȾܡ
ֻܳצֱӻ赽ǰһצĻ棬ĵõضɽҡǰ·ֱӱĶϡ
ֽͣ½ŲôһǱ˸ѵĵؿһˡ
л̻̣Ȼ֪Լʲô
ûΪ΢ԾȣܡΣ޻ֻ֮׸
̲ס룬ĵˡ
ֹ
ƺ˽
޼ĴΧһпɼ֮ͬʱˡ
˲Ǳģǲ԰Ŷֵ÷ˡ
ôޡ
÷һһϣ
ֹû÷Ȳ㣬ȥ̴ݴˣ㡭ҳס
֪Լ˵סĴʣЩƣ÷˻ҧγټӣ׳
׻ֵ˲仯һ֧϶ɢůɫĹ⣬ɹڰ黤ϣת˼ǿ֮ơ
Ťͷ÷ˣ۾һգգ
÷ھ
ȻǱ÷˵ľٶų÷˻צ
÷ֽ̧ʱ÷ӿгϮȥ
Щ÷ɲ˿ڣɫѪŭޣ޿һŻ֣÷һ·յ÷ˡ
÷ǱֻΪλδ˺
ֿ۾գһ¡
÷˿Ǳܻ÷ΪԾ÷֮϶ΣաԽԱ
ȫͬ
ֵָ顣ʳָ΢΢̧
Ҳ÷һͨǲǾͲǱģȴԼ˵Σ

ȣ
ܲȻһѸű۵Ĵ󵶣棬ǸС
̴ݡ
̴ֿݼ˲޾һ𣬴ϵıħʹؼ¶Ƚ̴ֻ͡ݶֵ˲䣬ѩˡ
̴ĵսʽ޴Ϊŭʱ޾צٵأſȥ
̴ɫ䣬ֱӰĴ󵶣һԾֵĸǰ
ָɿӡֽԼĶ׳ֵ޼ȫȻһ
߽Ķʱɷĩ
ϵİ鿪ʼƣͬǲ㵭ɫĻҲ֮ơ
̴ݺ𵶣ҧء
̣֮ܣûУ
Լһо
֮ʱҲʱ̡
лл㣬̴ݡ
ˡûκұֶΣΣգֻ˱ر˴ȡԼЩѹ
̴۾գһ½ޡһκ¡
ţ㲻ûˣ׼÷㲻£ĵﻹܡԡܶԶܶԶ
䣬Ȼһ޳Хһ̩ɽѹƵ
һµֽ״İ˲顣
ܣˡ
̴ݴһ˫ֳֵ˷Ծ𣬵ֵǰһ֮ƣޡ
ܣ뺰̴ݣ˺ܶ࣬ȴ˲䱻һ÷ϯӯء
÷ץɫ䲻á
ҵ÷Щó÷סޣ
÷̴ݸոģ÷Ҳˡ

ҡͷ
÷˲˵ʲôǳһȥ̴
ޱȿҰ̴ݱǳ༫Ϻõĸֻ֣ǿ˸ƽ֣÷˼̴΢˴Ϣ֮ʱҧأٴζǰΡ
ͨ
ؿڡ
ֱĿڣԺǰͨ
ѪҪƵģֻҲôһ˲䣬޷
ǡߡ
΢ߡ
ؿڴڴںͷΣȷɵĴβըë·޷ƣڿĴ

ǵİǡǡ
ֺһͣǰڡ
ֹֹ
ѣ
ҧأ·𿴼Ѫɺӵһǳأֻʣԫϱڣ˭˻ȿֺ˺ţԴԴϡ
ѪˢսҹĻͷ֡
ֻۡ
һضЩ㵵ط֣Ů۵˲䣬ǳɫġ
գգۣûдǰԨ
յϣϸŽԨϮɫѣ࣬ĿЩء
ءԨ
һ
һ̣Űޣ̴ݣ÷ˡ
Ԩиޣŵ̧ͷŻŸԨ˵С÷԰ǰ棬̴ݣ̴ݺ÷˻ڡ
ꡣԨֵָĴϣסδ֮ԡ
ģû¡
ûˣֱ죬գգۡ
ûˡͺá
ƣرۡ
ʲôҲûȴ۵ø̧֣ٴ˯
Ԩٴ̽һΣȷֻ͸֧ԼϿգһһʱԨ󱻽ǣ
յ̴ݺ÷˻ںš
һս̴ݶЩˣ÷ҲɫҰףôÿ
Ԩֻɨۣʣȷʱ޺Ȼģ
̴ݹ֣صȷǺȻ֮䡣º޲֮У޻㱼Ǳʲô飬ʧ
Ԩһ÷ˡ
òʲôҪʹͣ˵裬㡣
÷ϥ
ǳ༫ˣ༫˭Σգ檶֮Ҫ˵ֹˡ檾ֻģҪ͡
Ԩû˵ʲôֿڽеָɫ
˵˾ϼҪʲôŮ
ɫֱ壬֣صǡ˿ơ
˿ƣ˵ϣǧΣյʱ̣˲ִԷߡ㲻úܼµıҲЩߣԨ֮ǰ˵ǳ˺ÿһǴ
Ԩ赭дȥ˾ϼҰѡ˿ơȡ˳Ů̧ˣˡ
ΪȫĵطСκεΣաû뵽ֻҪߣǲС
ĺۺʱεأҪΣյʱ򣬵һ߲С
ֻ֮ܿԵ
ָоҪеڶΡ
˯졣
⼸ƣ룬ôҲ˯ѡ˯ˣҲƬֻ̾۾˯С
о˵Ԩ֮ǰ
ڵ죬Ųܳѡ
գ⸬ȥ˺ɹ̫Ƿ䵹ҵһԼߵϸ
Ž̫ǰѧտ̴ݵĶ̡
ѷϣ飬ֻѧϰȥõ
ĿԼҲôǱأȴ˵С
룬ԭǸСԨŵĳûС
ٵȵȰɣٵȵܵÿһ㣬һ׷ȥġ
콣ȫԼļȥϸ̴ݵĶԼƷ죬ĥһСˮݡ
һӾ͸ˣųģȥԨ
ôŬԨ᲻ῴ̿ķϣһ
˺ܶܶ࣬Ԩĳݳ룬Цһ·ߵ
̨£ٵ澽ŲҴҡ
ֽסһԨڲڵС
Ůϥ˸
˾ϸչ˾ӡ
ϵЦе㽩͡գգۣŶһ
ĥˮݵֲСţ˫ֱ󣬵ͷýżڵϲš
˾Ӿ˾ϴ˵Ů˾ưɡ
Ԩ˵˾ϴҪȢ˾Ϊޡ
Ԩ⼸һֱûΪ˾༫
ҪȢˡ
ӡãûʳ
Щҵ룬СҲҪƤġ
л˵
Ԩϱܱ
ֻ֣ǿϢܱ·
һٸ~


8 
Դӳ༫γϮ¼༫Ľ䱸ɭࡣ
ֲôӴ˵ģܸо༫̴ǽŵա
ÿοţҲֻܿšСལȥ˺ϡ
Ԩ⼸ʼûлЩġĴˣͲȥˡ
ָԼҪѧϰߡ
˺ϵķ㣬ȹ΢΢˳ŲϷӿļ䣬ĿеĽ
дϢ
Сͨ죬ŽϢͷһ
ϲζůġ
СŶ˼£Ϳʼ͵ˣ
˵Ц˳ŷ͵ֵĶС
ֻأ߬˽Ԩ
ȸԾڴ˿̲δչ¶һֱ۲ȥĳ嶯
Ȼ˴̧־СĶ࣬أֶ˶䣬
ԨȤؿеСལ

Žֱ˽֪ΪΣȻԨŸɵĳ嶯
תһ룬ûӽʸ轣Ŀ׻ʲôԼ
־𽣣ظԼεĶ
ԨʱüﶼЦ⣬ŽСĺŮ趯Сལڵ̣һѧĺͯ
˱ֿýζ־𽣴˲䣬ֲ̧סֱֵ۴һ
ѧ
ֱԨϵĽ趯
ġ
룬ԨȻСĶǲδôӴһжҪ
ƫԨҲģְִĸ𣬲ʱѾģŽȻ£ڼ仹ܴ𽣻
Żͦÿ֪ôʵֻǻӡ
߬ŽԨʲôʱ̴һ
ˣԨ˳ֽеĽ˵ʲôã
ԱԼ룬һ䣬ܱˡ
̴ݰεӭսǰһҲġ
ԨˣҪ
ͺܺáԨָһ㣬ֻСֵɴβͣǿ㲻ҪҾ㹻
ɫСβЩӲ
ǵġԨġ
ҪġβͶԨ֣ԨɵĴβʹţһĺ
㲻ʱʱ̶̿ҵߣԨ
ǣҲԨһһʧȥǸԱ֮С
Ԩһա
֣ǰҧŴ֡
û˵ǴȡһС۵һɫ˿ߡ
ץֵ֣ԨǿӲק
ͷ˿˩ֵϡ
һͷϵԼϡ
˿ԭŵһԨϣϵĽ˿ʧ
Ԩ̧ɵ˵һᡣ
ҡſ׵ֻܿɫѪܣɫ˿ѾʧȥӰ
С˿ơ
Ԩ棬ָһɫ˿ٴγֵϡ
˾ϼΨһõĶҸһ룬ۺεȾҶࡣ
˾ϼңָԾ΢΢顣
ʣ˾ϼҵ˾˳༫޸
룬־ŻǲҪ˵ĺá
˿ƣֲû̫ĸоɫ˿߻ԨҲܡ
Ǹܵú
Ԩ̧Ԩ¶һЦеǳѣ
Ԩ򴽲δ˵
ˡ
ֵ̧ķࡣ
ţ֪ˡ
ֵ֮·еѡˣ⸬ܳԡǳԣˣܡ
Ԩ¥һ飬ֽɫ
̫ã̫䶼ż棬֦Ҷȥ
⶯
ɫһͶˣ̫ˡ
ɫֻһ
ɫɢɢֶ顣
İˣ𣿡
ɫȽ飬и¡
ֵͷţˡ
ǿɾ鷳ˡɫ˳ָ׵Ŷͷͷã㵤ˣûа÷˾ơܾ飬˵ٶ࣬Ҳѽ
һ÷
һΣͻϮ֮ʱ̴÷
̴˵÷ϣ÷÷ǲ
ɫ˵÷
˵ģ÷˾ơ
е棺÷˵÷ʲôõģ
֮ǰǣ÷˹˳֮Ͳˡɫ͵÷ˣ÷÷˵÷ѩ䡭Ǻһˡ
÷ԵҲ˵ãֻһܴô˻ڣ
ɫЦе˵ʱ÷ĵġ
Цգ뵽ʲôЩǼ⡣
ȡڵȥ˾Ʊˡ
ֻǵԨ˾ΣƺǺ׾ͻû
ܿŹ⣬ת²ʵһñʲô𣿡
ɫƺסˣǸؿ֣֪ѩǵͦõġ÷ȰʺЩ֮⣬Ҳ֪Եˡ 
ֵɫЩ
ѹ϶бİ취ġɫ׾ذο֣˾ƶˣǾȾӦûû㡣
ȴûн⣬վ˸ȡСལ
һ½ɡ
ѹġѾ֪һ¡ԼеһУǲġ
ǸԼġ˵
⼸ֺټԨǴ˿е֪˾Ƶ״̫ãҪ
ɫ
ܿǵƲգ˺ѺصŨơִ±غ꣬Ѹܡ
ˡ
Ԩϲġ
ܵʱȻ¡
ʱԨ˾ϸӦòġ
һ룬ֵĽŲ˻ͷ·һ
Ǿ͵ȥ˯ɡ
죬ƤСѺůͣǻȥ˯ġ
ԣǿյģֻһˣҲʧ
ʱѾδδءһ·ܻض衣
Ҫʪ͸ˡţƯĴβҲ̲شš
ûа⡣һƬ
Ȼڡ
׼գգۣûֹ̫ϵţܵڵȥ
ʪ͸ˣأܡ
ְ˽˺ѣβͲͷҡȥˮ˳β͵δδ
Ѳѵһ룬һְֻסҪµ֡
ꡣ
һƬڰп飬ֻԼϸ΢ĥ
½֮ǰ֪𣿡
л˵
Ԩϱ****
֣Ϊʲôеڼһģ
һٸ~


9 
ʪС걻ָһ㣬ʪȫޣˬɹ̫ů͡
ֻδӦһȵĽͷϣԨŽ
ûκιԨţְϵĽС갴Լࡣ
ڽУ˰죬ӽͷ
ۣ۾Ӧ˺ڰĿԨӵ
ۣüϡɼһ˿ƣ롣
ŴӽԨüġ
˱̧׵߬ס
͵ϮЦ˵š
ЩȻ
Ҳ˵Ϊʲôüĵһ˿ƣ룬ЩҪ
ԨҲҪ𰸣߬С£Լļ򴦡
˵Ҳ붯ֵ֮߬󣬾ٴα۾
ԼоԨϴƣ롣
ƽЩһ
ֺȻʲôһֻҲ̧Ԩա
ŬԨսͷġ
Ԩ𣿡
˸ܵСŵ¶ȣ΢΢
ǰСҺۡô죿
ֲ֪ô졣
Ԩ۵ʱ̳һУĶ䣬βͣĬŵֵһҹߡ
ֽɵĴβ˦Ԩ

ԨۣҹɫĲһɫģӡ
ּǵãյʱԨܵšʱЩԽӴ
ԨЦͷöͷֵġ
ö
Ԩ֮ǰҪ۵𣿡ֵĻˣԨ֪ʲô
š
ɫЩ
˾ϼҵŮЩ鷳
÷Ҫ÷֮ڣҪת֮⣬Ҫ˾ϼŮγħΡ
Ҳ˿ƻˣȻô鷳˾ϼҵŮҲֱ鷳
ôûʲôģ鼫⡣һ˴ηЩӾˡ
һֻС
ڵĶ˺ܾãŵȵʪС
˵붯뵹Щȡ
գգۣŶһ
𣿡
͡Ԩ˵ˡ
Ԩ޹ؽҪˣߵģֺֽۣ§֡
С˯
䣬β͸ϡ
§ڻУԨĲ
һδηУԨһԣֻС
籩Ъҹ
÷羰
ЩѾгЧ
̫ԱߣѾһ׽
˵̺κǿ㹻˵ġ
Ҳܺãˣû÷ҲбĿԡ
һȵһλԵءǸʱɲûκʵȻ˷ʱ䡣
Ϊ˸õһΣִھͿʼδѣ׼һݵĴˡ
Ϊ˽Լ̫ժһȥӱץ㣬ץ㣬ٻ
̫ͷӶûãһԶֵĻС
־̫Źɹ⣬Сȥš
µСӲ˺ӣҲǺӡ֮ǰɫһֻѾ͵겻̫һˡ
ںеСͦġ
־̫ͻҪҪˮ
̫ʮǿҪҪںҶϡ
ֵ뷨һļϡϲĺҶ޴һţģʱ˯±ΣҶҲ֧ɹ̫˯
ֺ̫һдҶϡ
ſںҶϣźȥĺβ㡣̫е㳳ҡһָָôȥץ
ӣۼֿһ̽
ˮĽһһĺβ㡣
Ц۾䣬ˮһҲֻ̧˳ؽСŵ׼õˮ
һС㡣
ˣԨ̫һһȥ
һСˮ֡
ֹ
ںҶϣָôЩ׼ʳϣһȹ÷
÷ˡ
ֱ̫վҶ΢΢˻Σγ
÷¶һЦ
һˡ÷˵ϲ÷˲ӦǱϲǸˡ
÷˿ţЦᡣ
Щûֹˣɺã
ֶֿ׻̫óʵʵָ˵Ļãǰʪˣβͺ̫ܲá
÷ŴЦ
Ȼֹ˵Ȥ鶼ء
˶٣÷˼˵⼸ȥ˾ӣǰòŮӣЩ˺ͷܡ
ͷ÷ˡ
ֻ֪˾ϼҵŮΣļ󣬵֪ʲôԨûиɫҲûи
ҺõԸֱӻ÷ؿ̾Ҳ÷Ѱ˼Ǹֹã޲ֹĵ˾ӣҾֹûˣͷܡ
ѽ
ЩãȻؿ÷ˣͦ֡
ⱾͲҵĶ÷֮ǰ÷˵Ķ
÷Цǳǳӭ޽Ƿ˿
ԣ÷ҷȢʱҵƸ񡣡
룬ƺ뵽˹Ц𣺡ʲô⣬õĻٺõĻûкء
ˣʲôס
÷˵ЦȾһݿɬ
ҶԲһһ˵
ˣʲôסЩɻ÷˲ûԱ֮ˣ÷Ϊʲôס
÷ʻεҡͷЦ
ֹﲻ£ʲôˣʲôлʲôߣʲôǾѹơ
÷˴ԼôǶû˷÷ɽûģȿֺ빥÷ɽ
һԱ÷ɽһǧˣ٣ǺЩϣĲ¶ס
ۡ
һס÷ľǹ˳̰ͼʲô̰ͼ÷ɽʲôֻеˡ
ֻҪҾ÷÷ɽһ尲Σ÷ɽһΪ༫÷ɽϣѹ÷ɽˡ
Сʣ÷𣿡
ǣ÷˵÷ѩ䡣һûи÷Щʱա
ֲ⣺㲻˵
꣬÷ЦЩƤһָŴֵⲻǸϷ
ķʤ÷ɽһķȻҲȷϲ졣ǵõˣ˵漸վ֮ԺҲὫ÷ɽһ֮Ժ󡣡
õõЩܼסһ˼ķȻҲǵ÷ɽһ塣
÷ӭŷЦЩ
ֹԵûмЩֶΡֹ˵ľǣҪֶܸԼơ
ǷҲһ
÷˶֣̾˿˵˰ˡң˾ϸλӣֶֻ಻١
ֹС˾ϸ󡣡
ֱ̫ȥ·ϣһֱ÷˵Ļ
˵˺֮ܶ࣬ǰЩ׻̫̫ˡᵽķЦúᵽ÷ɽһ壬ǳᵽ˾ϼҵŮۺ䱸
־÷ˣ֮ǰʱҪöһЩ˵ĻѶˡ
˾ϸ
˾ϼҵŮסڶԶûм棬Ϊʲô÷С˾ϸ
ֲ̫
ص̫ȥˮָһССˮ
¸ԨֻС㣬ȥĳԡҪһСء
֮ǰȥ˺ʱҪ·ԡÿξϢëëء
ǽߵʱһ١еϢϡŲ
ͷǹͺͺĵأãȻ룬أ
ôûˣ
վԭغܾãһֱǹͺͺĵء
⣬öĳôһҹ֮䶼ûˡ
ɣи澶̴ྭ
ֽסָŻԣأ
ԥ£ϥ
ȫˣԸ˾ҩ
л˵
Ԩؼұϱ
֣ϱûûûûˣ
һٸ~


10 
ֻǵãԼ༫ʱһֱԨߣֱ˵༫㶼Գͨ裬ȥﶼԣѧһֻQ
˺ӣȥ˺ӵ·ǿյġﵥһɫûС
Ͼ˺ӲԨȥĵطʱ˺ӻһƬߡ
ԨϲɫůĶѰ˳֣ǰ˺ӵĿյؼ䣬ٳһֻ
֮ÿ·ʱǰӭĳڻ˯ˮ˴ôꡣ
Ȼôһ죬ͺͺģÿһϤĳˣ֪ôȥ롣
Ԩµ
Ů뿪ڻԱߣȥǰεµСӡ
һ˿Ϣָ⣬·ǳںĵ
ջָ֣⣬ͷĬ˺ܾá
ûԼɣóڹͺͺĻΧһȦСˮ׼ĺˮע룬β˽ȥ
ֻǺгʱϲͬβûлͣټĻԹͺͺأСΧŻԹСˮȥ
ֶСˮԣСܾáõȻСڿյĻһֲ̡
СصͬԨβһ̫
̫Ҷʾ⡣
̫ǰǵԨһֻʱ龰Ҳ٩̫ʱʱðв
ô꣬δ۹һ仨
ֲˣֻ֪ΪʲôҪҩǳ˳ûбĿ
˺ܾã벻ףҲֻԨܸ𰸡
ٴȥ
һԨûҩüĻҲ԰æȥұҩġ
̫бվǰĴ£СӰϳвСöӰ˯
ȥԨĻҲһ
ĺܺãȵҹĻ̫ͶµӰӱɵɫֵӰӣСܵòӰŵȵԨ
һϮ£üЩ꣬ڿȺµʱüչ󲽳
ң
Ԩ̧ҪȥСĶ䣬ȴͷ㿪ˡ
ûԨͷСʣܸܲ㻻
ԨûС˼һʾɻ
ӡ֪ԨΪʲôôáһʱ
Ԩҿɲ
ԨˣЦʣϲ
ָյͷͲһ䣺´θЩ
ǵġҡҡͷҪ֮ǰĳ
ԨЦǵص˵꣬ʲôϡûõģҸҸõĻ֣»nīǻȳÿ
ãȻؿԨһȥ
ûдӦ
Ԩ˵ģɶĳ
û𣿡
ִֹһΡ
Ԩ˵壬˾ϵŮȱҩҲǺ¡
üԵЩ
гҲķʱ䡣ԨʲôǰЩ˵Ҫץ㣬ȥ
˺˰벽ҡҡͷ
Ѿˡ
*
ǰƻʱ¿ʯڷŵƣߵʯ࣬һ
ʯôĵƣʲô
ʯŷһյƣԻЦЦ

˶ٲ˾䣺˰ˡ
ãȻʯĽŲС±פ㡣ʯƺ̾˿
㲻֪ҵĹġҲƭ㣬Ҳ㡣
Ŷֲ׷ˣͷСݵңѰһɾĵطûһСӡ
ŽȥһɫĽҡװһȥ˺ɹ̫ĳ
ֳĬСңʯȫ̿ʱ֣༫ô꣬ûȥ߿𣿡
𻨳ϸϸָɾ
£ҲİɡʹԨԨ
Դ༫Χֻ༫ȥ˺ӣ£ɽƹȣǲܿǺӣСɽ
ġʵ˵
ʯЦЦһ·߻ǵСʯգ¡
һֱ֪ôǺӰɡ
ߵͷбСɽơж٣ŶܵǺӡǺӺܿѰǹȥġҪҵٵ֣ӵǺϻữһ٣ٿԺǺӡ
ǺӹȥСɽСɽôȫ޽϶ࡣпɽˡɽ۾üԶüˣСޡ
ʯ˶٣ּ˵ƹɽ뿪Сɽǳ༫ĳ䡣
༫ڳʮ༫ÿһ㶼ʶ㲻ʶҲʶ㡣
档һһ룬ԭ뿪༫ô鷳ѽ
Ҳô뿪༫𣿡
ʡ
Ȼǡ
ʯΣΪڵʿֻҪǺӾܻ
֡
ʯ濴
ǲģͳȥ߰ɡ
򴽣˵ͷ
á
ˡ
ֲȥ˺ӡ
ȥ˺Ҫԡͺͺģܡ
Щ춼̫ԣ̫鳳£Сţ춼ߴߴء
ڻԵС˯
βңȹţ˯ò֪䣬ϲ˲䣬ЬӲˡ
Ԩʱ¼СЬӡ
ɫ廨ЬɸɾǴδڵ߶һ
̧ͷ
ϵС˯öᣬɵĴβȦҹ̶ƽ⡣
һ㣬Ծͷ
ֻ֦˯ţȫָ֪࣬һûһķ˿
ûһǱ⶯Ūˡ
ۣԨ࣬ȴԼϣһΣβŵֱһͷȥ
ԨЦˣϽСƽء
СͷˤСҲܲס
ڨڨġ
ֽŲôԨ뿪Ǽ⡣
˯ԺˣȻеûӦ
Сôһˤɢңɢķġ
ԨܺãС̫Աߵʯϡָ⳯е˵㣬Ŵ󿪣һֱֱɳ䵽ϡ
ֻͷ
СıܣϲëëϲԼëױ
ԨС֣˷٣ж£ɢ
Ԩһͷһͷںڳ˳˳˿ȫȻģܽķһ򵥵˫١
СķټһɫĻ
ֱǼ⶯˶ͷᣬ֪ǲǴܾıǼһɵϢ˳
˰죬ȷϤĳϢǴͷġ
̧˷ϵĺɫС
ϤĻģСָģ

ͷ۾ؿԨ
Ԩ˳ֽӵСС
ʣһˣȻϲˡ
˵գԨǵСĶ䡣
꣬汿ûöϡЩ
룬ǱֻϲĴڡ
Ԩһ
Ԩͷ˳ʡ
ЩƵûţ˸༫棬ҪҪȥ
Ǹ
л˵
Ԩøϱõġ
ֻ֣Ҫϲġ
һٸ~


11 
ֺ̫󣬽һ䳤̫ԡ
ʼأŻ䣬ûյľ
һƬУһĨɫ
ĵĸǽˮŻǶ
ֻǳŶЩͰۣͣȥɽҵ
ĺɽһҲ˵ж㣬ֻһֲָݰͺʺڵĳ
׼СһС¨ӣӶĲ෽ҵķȥɽ
ɽڳ༫ĺ󷽣ƽﶼеѲӣżҲһЩޱȥɽûʲôޣͬҲû̫Ķûʲô˻ȥ
ȥĺ٣ߵɽɽţгֽؽѲߡ
߹ȥΪ׵ĺµƼЩԥ˹֡
Ծͣȥɽһ
ɽܽǺµӽ͵ɽֵ޳û̴ݴ˷Ըˣɽϣó롣
ޣ
򣬵һӦ׺ݵޡ
ɽҲ
ֻصЩǸεĻꡣ
û취Ūˡ
ȻɽޣһӰ
û죬־֪ˡɽ޿պȻϮġ
ʱѲɽĵӷ̴ݼʱϵֹ޼Ű
Ҳˣɽɽˡ
ɽڳ༫ķ룬ڳ༫ڳŰⱾͲһܽܵ顣вٵӶȺӵѲӣ̴ݺҲڼӹ̳༫Ľ硣
ֶ鼸һ֪÷˴һӸѰ˵͸¶һЩ
ֲϲ÷˻ȥԵĵ̰ǶʯΣ
ֹҲ֪ɽһֹ֪֪С÷԰ðͷ÷һ˵
ֵԲۣУ
һΣⶼǵ˰ɡ༫ȫģôȻ֮Űأ
÷˷֣гһɫ÷
÷ɽ÷ԹͨӡȻڳ༫÷ɽһҲָơͬ淢Ҳ
÷һ÷ҡЦ֣ûһ޵ģʮƽȣȫ༫ںȻֵޣһΣֻ˹Žģų༫
ڳ༫꣬ȷʲô޳ûͷ⡣
ŽԨ˵༫ܵĽ磬Դ롣
÷ŴЦЦ
ֹ˽˿ɲĶ롣ο˲ڣʲô󷨣޽Ҳǲܰ
ˡ÷˵˼˵ǳ༫ڵġ
˭أΪʲôأ༫ޣ̴ݣ裬ɫ˭Եֵ༫𺦡
˵༫ΣյģҲֻһֻ
޿϶ǳġֶٻ֪ᱻԵģ϶гԹġ
һԨ⣬ǣҵĺꡣ
ôû塣˵
˭֪أ÷˻һתҹҲǺֹ˵ġϾ༫İΣȫ͸λǡ
ֹֹô죬ûȥ˾ϸ̽˾ӣ
˾ϼҵŮִ
ǵֻʣһĳ
ûСûȥҲȥ
Űɣȵ˾ϼҼҵŮκˣ߻ΪԨҲߡ
Ҳ֪
Ψһȷǣλδ˾ϼŮЩܡ
ֹһֱȥҲ¶÷˽ϾǿֹͣˣӦȥһġ˵˾ӻ
ֻҡҡͷ
ȥᱻκɸӰ졣
÷˼˵ȥ
룬÷ƺֻΪȰȥ˾ϼŮһη˵˾ϼŮҲһЩС˼ġ
ûм˾ϼŮҲƾȥ²⡣
иҪء
ԴɽޣҲôˡڶڷܣɫʱ˵ڳ䣬ҲǸηĽˡ
ֻܸˡ룬һǴˡ
˵ЩƵأ棬ֲ棬㻹ơҿֻɱˡɫֵ󣬿ָˮСˮ߶ŪС㣬̾˿
棬չ̶ˡ
ֻڵϣβڵմҡ̧ɫ˵㲻ơ
ɫǳ༫ѵû˵仰ˡȻʱڲ䣬һԴ
ô˵ˡ
ɫ̲סҲŶ˳СԴһѣ޶һëëֻûӦµջ֡
֪ʶһޡɻˡ˳༫Щ콫ת˸飬ŵ
ɫ죺תһתȥһʱƣҪ˵ġ
Ȥ˵ġ༫ҲҲ˰
Ȼأ׷ʡ
Ȼ󡭡ɫ̴ٵЦ̴ȥˡ
գգ̴ۡݣ˵
ʰɡ
˵޺ҲǸϰƺͺһЩ֡
ɫ˾䣺ĺ𣿡
⻹İʵˡţǵá
ʱ˯ںҶϣһѪԨ֮ļ䶼ڳ༫ˡڹûжټ䡣
ɫһ֣˵˵˵˵ء
ߣȥޡ
־ôͻȻرɫקų˶
һ·ߣһ·ɫ˵ųܴ༫˶ʮźӡ߰˸檡ð˵ĳ༫֡
·澴£˵ǵڴͤ
ɫֱֹȥ
ͤʮŮӣŻ嶣壬Цڲ
ЩǸ޵ļ檡
ɫ˾䡣
ԶԶԨ
һɫҡһȣϻһź
ĵҡӣĿƺڲ֪ЩĲɵء
һˣ˵ʲôЦǰ󷭡
Ԩƺʲô̧öֵߡ
һֿ̣Ԩ񼸾仯
ͣסĿԡ
ƺ˺ܾãԨŴȣ˹ָ
ֲŸղȽͤתͷ
ףλ˶ǡ
δ䣬Ԩָһ㣬ֻһźڻС
ԨӼֻС˵С衣
գգۣû˵
ŵɫһ仰ҲûϣƲԣԾͺͷ
ǸС꣬ǾҵͬˡòӢָ°´ֻ֣ǱԨڵ̫࣬ʲô
ǸͲСƯƤëһ֮Ҳѵҳһ޿
ӣЩãȻ˵ǺϺûкϢ
Ҳ˵ʲôϢֻԼָоǿԷֱ˵ġ
ҿԱ𣿡ЦЦһ౧һ׺ڰǵ
ԨԣԥƬֱֵ̣ս
ҲסˣܿɡԨӲñ˱ġ
˭֪һ̣ԨСݳЦ
ǾͿˡ
л˵
ԨԼоһɲϢ
֣Լŵһɵĸо
һٸ~


12 
©һġ
ӾԽԽ
ǲ롣
ŬֱԨڴҧһڡ
Ԩһ˶٣ɿ
ͷҲܳͤ
ԨĿСһ·ȥıӰջߣҡӡ
Ц
СӣЦˡ
ͿҲֵıӰԨ⻰ͷһЦ
ǸƢС̶ǡҺĺӡ
һ·Сܵ¡
յûˡʯƽң󲿷ʱҲǼġ
˭ء
ֻΣŴβСʯǰ
ԨݳȥǸ˱
ôһԼԸԸأ
Ըѽ
Ͳǻ˻ĳԨҲΪԨ
Ԩԡ
ԨУǿֵݳȥģñ˱ŵ衣
ĿеܣĿڣشڴϢ˼Ρ
Դе㷢Ρ
ҡҡԴǸоԼ̫
֪䣬Сʯ˯ˡ
ٴʱҹ¶أһƬֻԶǺӶ棬Сɽһյơ
谵ģŵġ
ֻصС䡣ֻһС齣Ӱ˯
ضˣ뿴ԨǸˡ
ֻԭͣɫһŵССϣԼǵǸҪˡ
˵ҲǺ
Ƥ
ƭˡ
һ˶£żż˳ȥơȥ׵ĺԨж١
ڣٴ
ЩһֱûȥԨԨҲû
ֻżȻܵȥҶʱ·˵ԨͿʲô¡
޹صġ
Ҷȥ̳һš
̫ů
˵ꡭʱʱ
ԼǵãԼԨҪҪһ˯ںҶɹ̫
ܾˡ
ںҶϷ˸βͰΧԼ
ԺҲ
ɹ̫ëëҶżζһ£ˮβ˳ҶذβͣγϸĲŪ
ʱһöʯӳ
˯зӦҲ죬βһöʯӱɵëëڵںҶϡ
ۡ
⣬ŵߣվˡ
Ůӣһ֦չأЦгֻ֡
Сã
ʱԻǵɫ˵ģͿЩ檡
檡
һϤĴʡ
ֻǳĬʯΪˡ
βһ˦һˡ
ǡ
ιѽġСá
һȹŮɳһУų̤֡
ܲҲˡ
ںҶϣ̧ͷǸȹŮӡ
ȹŮϸһ֣ŴЦǸ׺أǲǸ֡ôһǸƹƢ
ƹʲôֲ֪ˡ
ǲʲôˣļ檣ġ
ŮЦ֣˵ҲǺ壬óСǶ˵˵Ͼˣǲ֪ôġ
ֻû֨
ǱôҲǸ¶ҳ˳źҶصߣΡ
ҺǲʶҪǺ˵
ֱӾܾˡ
ЩŮΧ
ȻǺ壬СС;ܿóߵľɫݡ
ףȻǺòһһΪеء
Ϳɽϣͦġܲһ塣
ЩŮΧ˵ţ´
ֺֻ߲ܲ
̲סڣΪʲôϴһЩ
ˣԨ֮ǰ˵ڳ༫ЩûбҪ
ڿҪ
Сãܾѽ첻ͦõڳ༫ĺǲûѽҺ˵Щͷ¶
ȹŮ˵
̧
ŮӿһֱЦģΪͦЩŮϡΪס
û
˵˵ǰɡǶͿ뿪ʱ·յļ檡ҵȵҡ
ǶΪôߵޣƽ۸ߣҲҵˡȹŮЦڳ༫϶һ
̲ס룬Ҳ֪棬ʲôӵġ
û뿪༫ʱһִǲЩʲô¡
˴ǳ༫˵֪Ҽڳ༫ҼġȻ֪ΪʲôǶȻǵ顣ҵȻķԸ
Ը棬Ǿˡ
ֵעϡ
塭𣿡
ȹŮЦҡͷ
ȻǡҪʲôɽҰСoϺǽȻͬġ
ɽҰСԼġɢı׽ȥ΢һģҲ
ԼΪȻ׺гչˣһΪҲȥǡ
oϺԴǰǳֻѾûˡ
ȹŮգգۣЦЦ
ȻûoϣoûеġͿɽӺ
ţԼ΢ɬ
̧ؿڣ˵Ϊʲô
ʼճĬ
ȹŮ˵˰죬Ҳ˵ڶ仰֮£ҡͷ̾Ϣ
ǱʲôˣҾûĺ
Ҳûĺ֪εġֻǴ˵ķӦ֪ԼģҲǲõġ
ЩŮ˵˵ɵֲԸ˵Χð죬ߴߴ˵˲٣ʼնĬţֻ뿪
ջص
лǰЩ뿪ʱģ
ְԼСѱţԾڷϣԼСš
һֵĺ
ֱۡ
ꡣ
͵ۡ
ȴԼСУһƬС
ʲô
ѰķȥһŹ⣬壬翵ġ
ҧ˵ǲ֪ΪΣ·һǿ졣
֡
գǹƺЦЦ
һ֡
֣͸ϵĸʧ
㡭
κȻ֮ѣ֮ɲʧ
㶵ط֣ļϡ
ͬǣԨĻС
ɫ࣬Ҵۺŭ⡣
˺ξˣ
ֱãȻؿԨ
ʲôʲôξ
ԨƬֽ̧̣СԼС
ûʲô
ۺ˵ʲô¶ᷢ
˭ܡٴδξ
ԥ죬оԨϢȣƺ޶ŭıԵ
̧֣Ԩֱġ

Ҳ
Ԩ侲ЦЦ
ץһСʱƤ̺ȽţΣ
л˵
ԨëϱξƤƤƤ
֡Ǳʼǡ˰ƤС꺦¡
һٸ~


13 
ִŮӿе֪ϢЩ⣬ԨҪ˲¥ԿףȥҿܲҵʲôҪ顣
Լһ֪⣬Ǻ޸
Ƚ֪֮ʶ̫ѷˡ
¥٣¥ÿһ¥ڷŲ򱾵ᣬдµķű࣬Լ֪ʲô֪ûҪģֻܱ׾һһȥ
ټĲ¥ҵذڷ鼮ɨһ۹ȥвٶף޵Ĺɡ
ſţԼãȻˡŵľƣ˵ɢ¼ôʲô߰ĶС
Сʲô
ȻӸߴֵһ㶣̧Ĵƣδҵˡ

һִֻܵߴ߬һҡҡ
˷˸
򴽲˵
衣
һͺӣֻǿʱЩ˵ĸоʼղ²̴һ
¥ûҲ֪飬ңҸ㡣
ֵһЩûƢ˵
룬Ǹ
һûкġͿȻˡ˭ţ
ͿȻ
Цҡͷǰ첻ͺйصκ飬ﶼûС
һΪһܲĲءü֣飬ҪҪ
һͷҪ
ʱʲô겻֮Ժ
ԼǺ꣬ˣ˽Լͺá
ȷҪܽϵķӡ
ֽԼ߬ŵǱݸ֡
ǰ˵ˣķӶʲô·֮󣬾ҪЩȫɸѡ
ֻһᣬѾ뿪
û⣬˿ֲеݣһμǣ
ƽżῴһЩʯĻͬǣʯĻУǽĳķ
һᣬʿ
ֿúܿ죬ŷһ飬мס˼㡣
иʿ˵Ϊܵȥ˵Ľ𵤣飬ٴγ֡ʿǿƻʿĵ塣ħڣһħ
ӵħ˵Ѿһֻ̤ħޣʿǷħճΪħޣһնɱ
ֿܸС
ϲӣ֪ģֻܽŵһߡ
ˡķӣһȥ
Ҳˣִ֪һ¡ԭܵԶҪѵöࡣ
ܹдɻӵģûܳɹģֻ˵дӵҲ֪׸β÷ϵܡ
Ԩ֪˶˼֪ѩǵ
ÿϧô޸ƻˡ
÷Ҳ롣ǻȥʲôأ
ֻ˼ʱ䣬¥һ顣ȥҸֺ챦йص鼮ܿϧ˺ܾҲûҵҪġ
ԨҵСʱ¥ԣֻС˯öᣬﻹһ顣
鼮ۣһٲ¼
ļһٲһЩ羰һʿڴеĵá
ԨСͻض
⼸ֿ鼮ܿԨˡ
ܵȷǸ׵¡ѩҲֻáһֻѩҪܽᵤһֻնɱҪһֻɲһ¡
÷
ǵЩİ취ˡ
Ϳżڳ༫۹һ£ԨܲúС̳
ô̶ܵö࿴ɡ
ʱڵƣһͿļȻ裬Ūҡ
Ԩԣ˵Сˡ
ɲС
ͿЦҹС̶ƺЩ⣬ĵ˰ɡ
Ԩа˰̧ͿҲԵ䵭˼֡
Ϳкָ̣
ͿһЦָԼ˱ơ
̸ָϣǼǵôһӣú嵤ܡ
ԨĻش
ܼ򵥡
ͿƣƮƮ˵һΪߵĺ壬Եʲôʹ
ԨЦÿɷ
Ⱦơ
Ϳ˳Ʊ˻⡣
*
ҹʱֺȻѣһֻëըġ٣̧ؿڣֻܸоԼؿؼ
ʮźҹзŵĹâֻһ˵Ķ
ƿȥ˵ˮ
ͷһ㱡
˯֮ƺ𽥼ǲ塣Լʹĸоڶβ֮ʹ֮ࡣ
۵һ˯ⶼޡ
Ѿܾúܾûָоˡ
ִڴ˻ƽһˣžĵпյģ紵Ҷζü
˯ˡѴ򿪵ţһСڻǰ
̫綼˯ˣʣһĳظҡҡ䡣
ָȥ˵ǺɫĻ
ֻȴܻΣδǵĻҪʹɡ
һֻδǵĺںҶ˯ÿֻҪǳʲôͺá
ֻǲữεĺ˵İȽһУԨ衣
ͷ̾˿
ǡ
Сܵ𣿡
ַŴȻ˵ԶԶ
ƮҲۼ
˭ֱվһˡ
֡
ᷢµġԨû˻ẰС
ԲԨ
ڼ
ҽôܻһŷǳǿĽ𵤡
ֻǸԴ
ôȥңһˣҹտ˸飬˵ͷڵϲȥҲûҵǸķ
㱾΢裬õõģԶлҪࡣ
ȥõĽ𵤣ᷢ༫ԣһֻδ
䵭Ĳ棬һ˲Ԩ
Ҳȥõ˵Ľ𵤡
ֻԼĵ
Ǳ˵ˣЩ
ôġ
棬㲻֪ôжٺô
Ǹյظ֡
ȥʿ༫ĵڳĽ𵤡ӴԺ㽫һС
СĶ
л˵
ԨСеǷƤ
֣Ҫڽ𵤣ס
һٸ~


14 
ЩܾԼЩ̫ԡֻ˵ų༫е㲻̫ԡ
ܾҹ˴ŵĶֵ
˵ʲôǲˡ
˵ξʵСͺȷʵ
˵Ƿ˭˵Ļ˵ʲôǵãȥԨ˵֪ôʲôط˵
ûôȥԨ˵£ĵⲻԶضɽҡһγһͷŰ
ʱֻ̫Ա߶ŶС㣬µһʱͷӦ᲻ޡ
ȻԶ޵
˻붫ƺһľ롣
Ѿڳ༫Եķˡ
ԶС÷԰ľҪ
ֻæȹҪȥΡͣ
ˣڿһƯĽԴ˵ޣԼ춼ɡ
ڻûа顣
ߵıԵ̴Ŵ󵶽¼ȥãƳһ۶һ䣺ȥȫĵط
ͣ½Ų
߬ȹӣĿЩʿҴǰȥһӶźܲΪ˭ܶһʿ

һ˳Ĭ£ϥĶŭƽϢ
˴ι󷨵ҩ˻༫ķٴαǿͬʱڼŲ飬Щ޵Դ
˵Ǹ˽ŵġƫƫ༫ڣƺֻ
˵ԨͿȥ㡣
ֶСˮԶβ㡣һȥץһѣŵСβƴΡץץţС㶼öˡ
һһֻβ㶼ģ˾Ͱڰβͣ·ŻˮС
ԨʱվڲԶСýζ
С㣬ôһץһ졣
ģ
ԨƤ̧̧
ջʪ˦˦
е㡣
ĴγޣЩĻŵġԱ֮£̫ҳȥ
ԨͷһѣҶժߡ
꣬˲֪ң
ЦΪ֮ǰһСֻҪȤ˾ͻУ
죬˵Щʲô룬ʲôû˵
ԨС
ֵ̧˵֣ǳŮ˲ʱС
ҵ㲻Ȥġ
˵գԨַС
ѾܾûбôСԨˡ
ҷһβ͵Լ
ԨҪȥ
ټĳ༫ﶼȤ
ĵԨУҡҡλεأֱӰСҡԨ˯һ
Ǽᵽһ嵭Ļ㣬ϡδҶϵžּ֦ͷȸˮ
ʱԨĻС
˱һһϣ۵һ۰׿ˡ
˴һۿȥİܹ˵ĳ༫κһ
֣һƬïʢݵżֻӣԶƺǺԼһְ֮ơ
ˣ
ԨָСĶ⣬۽üҴһ˿Ц⡣

ִԨΣһƬһ֮⣬һɽ¡˵ɽƺҲԡ
һٲ
ٲһŹϵ׳ɣïʢڣ˫һ
紵䣬ٲ¡
ٲ͸ɫȾһĨ΢۵
ٲһ̶̶һʯʯϿһȦɫС̶ȥһӵĺзŻꡣ
գգۣ˺һŤͷԨߡ
һٲ
ʡ
ҲǰЩڲ¥﷭ʱżȻ俴һ顣һμǡһʿżȻһٲµķ羰Ӷһǧ
ʱ꣬˸ΡμԼҲõ˻ԵܵǸСꡣ
û뵽ԨȻһٲ
ɲǳ༫Զڳ༫֮سǡ
ô֪ģ
һգգԨֻǱ̧Сͷࡣ
ϲ
ֲ˼صͷ
˵ϲ˵Ǹϲⱳ˼
Ǿϲһ㡣
ԨЦֻֽ̧һ㣬ƮƮŻСһԾӭٲȥ
һαԨٲİ֮Ѿڶߡ
еĻ괵ֲСĿһ䡣
еζŴ֮
ΪԨȥ뿴һٲû뵽ۿٲѾǰԨδͣ£ǱŻСֱֻ̧Ӵٲ

⧲ᴩٲ˲䣬һȻСûס̴ٵصͽһ
ԨǱᴩٲȻС˼һһԾϣٲ¿ڵĹϡ
٣Ԩգ۶µٲ
ٲǰִոѾٲµұڡ
ԨȴЦ
ϲ
룬Ǹоǡеϲİɣ
û˵ֻۿԨ
Ԩһ۾֪С飬ִժһһС޽ǡ
һ͸һŵΣ
ŵͷ
Ҫȥ棬Ҫȥ䡣
̧޽ǡ
Сһ϶ᱣõġ
Ȼһ̣Ԩʧһ㣬һ
˳ٲһ׹䡣
ʱԨĻһ׹䡣
ˮ䣬ȸһһз֮⡣
ֻԨ̵Ļؿڡ
ʧط·Ǻܾãַ·ֻһ˲䡣
Ԩӯڿתһ㣬̶ʯϡ
ΧǵһȦС䱻ɽˮʪ
ֻ˻ſԨĻУŷӦ̧ȥ޽ǡ
Сһˡ
ЩżҧŴˡ
˲ظ˸
˾Ͷˡ
ֲϾôˣգգۣЩܡ
һŵѽ
ԨƺС飬Ǽ˵㡣
ûСһҲСһŵΣ
һ㶣ͷ
𣿡
ȻԨ۽üҾЦ⣬ѹǵغ˭ҵСūء
Ҫʲôܸ㡣ԡ
Ԩ֣Цȴޱ˵Сһ㡣
л˵
Ԩ뷨Ӻϱˡ
֣ȡҵֶΰˡ
һٸ~


15 
ûиԨһӰ顣
ɽһµٲԨӰڡ
ԨٵӰ飬װڽлûù
ϾûʲôζĹ
ΨһһݵӰ顣ֻúϧġ
صֽӰ˺öطȥţȥܾûһطʡ
ǴͻһȥһٲڻźͻҪҪӰһӡҪӰݡ
̫ˣӦסڴ˵ĳҲǻ˻λ䣬ʾͬ⡣
ֵһθǷ̫ǶһƷΣ˵С컨ûгÿĵ𻨶䡣
ԱߣǵһЦ⡣
ѵһˣ˶ЩĽõ˴ȵĻ⡣
Ҳѵ£ϳȥźĺҶ˯
̫Ҫһ·϶ô˵ںҶϣŻҶȥһ棬ͺС档
ֱ̫ɹůأԼ䣬оһϡ
ɲǾͱˡ
еĳ
Եĺ棬һֻС㶼
ϣһˡ
˯˰С̡
ֶһӢӣһεͿ
Ϳֻһˣ߬һ«ݣֻ˻Ρ
ֿͿ
ûһΧûˡ
ϲͿһ۾;Ųʡ
ͿķΪȻһץֱӽҶϵץ
ֲ˼׳еķ
׷˲ʱͿ϶һ٣̻ԭųܵ
ͿϻһЩ磬˻֣Цò
Ȼ
Ȼôһϲˣ־ǲ뿪ˡ
ڵĳ༫ڣ˺öˡ
ûôĵˡ
صû֣ͬǸʮֲϲϢ
ֲ֪ԨΪʲôͿֻ֪ʲôʱߡ
ϲˡ
룬һŷѣԨȥ
ٻԨַʽ
ڷѷɳһʱ̵ĹֻڸˮأԨѾǻص
ɫЩڻԵ֣ɫ˻
С
̧ͷ
Щ죬û뵽Ԩô졣
˵ϲͿôͻȻʲô
ԥ£ʵʵ˵
Ϳˡ
źɹ̫ʱͿ¸߸ԨҪǺܲϲʱͿֽץĶ
ԨգɫЩ΢
죬ֵ̧ͷ
֪ˡ
ֲ֪Ԩ֪ʲô
գ˵ͿһҪ׼뿪༫ˡ
Ϣһ
ڳ༫õײͿ˲١
ֻҪȥȥ˺ӣĵطȥġ
־ָ㣬Ϳʲôʱ뿪
Ϳ뿪֮ǰԨں׼˾ˮΪС
ֻͿһˣļ檶û
ټĵУֻԨͿ˶С֮⣬ûƵ̴ӣҲûи˿֡
Ԩһƣ
ԱߵͿȻЦ
ȻߣЩ֪֡Ϳĳʲôǵˣ
Ԩ˵̸ϣǳ༫ˡ
ҲǣϾ֮µĳ༫ڴôЩʱգ磬壬֪ˡǵȷˡ
Ϳ˵գȻЦ
˵ֻСҲ˰ɣ̣Ҵߣ
Ԩ̧ʱۺһ˿вҵĺֲָֻš
Բӡ
Ϳ¾ƱҡͷԵҶ˵ˣǲġⲻ֪ôߣʵ಻塣
Ҫ̶ְ֪ܻΣȴȫΣС裬и¡
ҿҴߣ˽οɰСҵڴ϶谮
δ䣬ԨеľƱѾֱͿĺȥ
Ϳ׼ηȥ˦ǿǾƱס
һЦ
ˣһֻС裬ʲô
Ԩۺ˪

ˣҿͿɽϣ磬ɲ˰ڲߡǶҶ֣༫սˡ
Ϳ˹˵
Է顣Ͼξȥ˯ŵͦɰģ֪ڻ֮л᲻ᡭ
δ䣬Ԩʱ仯ռŤһ̣ԨֱӴ͸Ϳţ߬סࡣ
ͿɫɷסΣһֶ˵
Ԩޱԭ㡣
Ļһ㡣
ҴӦҼСץǸСҪƤ
˵Ϳɽϣ硣
ԨָһֱͿࡣ
¶Ц⡣
ΣҴӲʳԡ
л˵
ԨϱԻɱɱɱɱɱ
֡Сǡ˵ӲʳԣϣߵʱҲô˵
һٸ~


16 
һ֣ĵŴһƤëӡ
ӻɫģ˺Ƥ
ֶڵſϸ۲һ£ȷǺƤ
ãȻִ˴Ƥ
ʲô˼ԨΪʲôһźƤŵ
ְ˼⡣ڷźƤһ˿ɽҰδǵĺһ͸ˡ
Ǻܿû˼źƤˡ
ͷ˵ͿļѾ뿪˳༫
Ϣ˵ġû˸ΣոеͿһӷɲ١
СལǰŸȥ
Ԩ׼˲ٵĻףһһѧһЧԼѧ棬ȻҲԽԽн͵ĳΡ
ŸĴܼһɣɵմֵͷβϡ
ɫɴβմ˲ٵİëëһΣϷɳȥİɫСڿΧŽ衣
һʱ»ЩȵģС겻ϲູ̫о˾֡
Ȼ𽣣׼ȥأŲԶȹ÷˲֪ʱģһ¾
Щʱû÷ˡЩ⡣
ֹ
÷ѵûʲôЦ⣬ü΢Ѿ˽˹
Ϳɱˣ
ӭһ仰ֱӰˡ
ţַѽգգۣͿ𣿡
÷˼Ҳ֪ɫЩ΢̾˿
ֹȻ֪
Ѿ÷з˵Ϳ༫֪ͣôһԲϣɱˡ
ѾõͿߵļ֤ʵǼ檿˲壬¿Ѿ˲֪ˡ
סˡ
߬ŽЩãȻ
ǰЩԨ˵ͿߡͿ༫ʲôԹ˵ԨҲǸ޶ɱ˵ˡô㣬ⶼǲܵ¡
÷к÷ɽϹͨķʽϢġ
÷˵˰ûеȵֵķӦԥ£ǵֹ·ͬСɣﲻȰȰͿɽϣһ˵
ֻع
ҡҡͷȴ˳÷˵˵ǵ˵˾䡣
֪ˡ
Ҳڴˡ
ȥȰԨġ
ԨʱЩ¶Լųڡ޶ȥЩû顣
ȻԨΪǶԵ飬ȻȥȰԨ
÷˵˸лŽȥԨ
ԨҲæ
ɱͿϢʹ÷з˭һ֪Ʋ
Ԩںֻǲϲơ
ڰ̨ǰһʱȵ½༫ĸµʿɢȥֲȹȥԨ
ڸ̨ϵıţֳŶǣ֪Щʲô
ֲһͱˡ
ԨüָСһ
ѵùҡ
ġƽǺٻԨġ
ÿһʲôòļ¡
ҲΪˣԨֱӣֽֿ̧𣬷Լϡ
·Сβࡣ
β˦˦
Ԩ
СʣͿɱ𣿡
ԨЦǳ˵㣬ȴʹسϣЦЩɱˣ
ɱѽգգۡ
֮ǰ˵ץǸСͰƤڵϲȽšĺƤ𣿡
ԨֵĶ䣬
βסˡ
ȻֵźƤͿģ

ܡ
ǲǡֵضԨЩѽ⣬ͿɽƤġ
ӦûмģԼ֪ͿɽƤëӻɫƯġƯġʲôɫţ
ˡ
ԨţҲ뵽Ƥ
ӻɫɽҰ֮лôȷ̫ͿɽϺƤȷְġ
Ƥˣ㡣
ԨȡһУݸ֡
ָŽжŵһζζ̵üͷ
ȴԨģü
һ顣
ͨɫżתһ˿Ѫɫ
ֻǿţֲʡ
ǡ
ǸӺ顣
Ԩ˵ͬ壬Щôȴԡ
Щܡ
飬ȼͿ˻Ҫʡ
ҲҪ
ü˻ȥ
ԨŴǲϲɱͬ壿
͵ξľǸö
ҡҡͷΪϲǸͿûа֮ͬ⡣ǿӻɫĺƤҲûһ㴥
οԨΪǲɵġ
Ų
Ǻܲ˲ʱѪܡ
˶٣˾䣺Ҳ
ɫܲϲһֵĴǱʲôΣոסˡ
Ԩԣüҡ
⵹ֻ֡һҺͰ鳤ûвࡣ㵹ǿˡ
Զ鿴˺һ
ͨڣѪɫ˿⡣
ͨ͸ףɫ
Ȼͬ
Ԩ涢ʣʲôɫģ
ԨڵɫͰ鳤һ
ɫ
ŴԨǺɫġǳһ²֪ôԨ˵ΪʲôǰɫеǺɫġ
Լ⡣
ĳĬԨС
ֽ̧顣
ϲͲҪˡ
֣ĵЩʱȥұ顣ڴ֮䣬㲻Ҫ͵ú
ɱһõ飬Ҫִݻȥ
ֻźɫ顣
ûϵԨȥôϣٸԨɫѾòˡ
Ĭ£˵ͷ
ȥ˲¥
ȥһй鼮
֮ǰҹĶԿֱ¥ȥ
¥ֻ಻٣ۻңҲһ
¥вûбˣҸʻ˶ûС
װ˼ʱʱ䣬̾˿´Σڵʱɡ
ϣɫɫ顣пĻ衭
ʱš
ֻҪ̴ݾˡ
ƿ¥ţ־סˡ
ſڱŵվŵĸ߸ˣ̴ݡ
̴ǰվŮӡ
һķȹŮһŮ
Ůں̴ۡ
ƾʲôŲҼҹȥ
̴۷ꡣ
˵ȣһɲ
˵أͿų֣Ůָ֣ʡ
ƾʲôܽȥ
̴ݻÿ֡
Ĭ£Ц
˵ȣֲС衣
߬Ű֣ŴЩѿ
ǰȹŮضֿۡ¶һǳǳЦ⡣
˾ƣǵСɰ
л˵
ԨҺϱɫäˣǸһҡ
֣ŷֲڰɫء
һٸ~


17 
˾ư
ֶǷȹŮһۡ
ģľģɫòȷǸˡ
˾ԴȤ˵ǣЩ
ΪĶ䣬β˾ƺ÷ˣһ䶼
һָ߸ϵĸӡ
ܲ
룬ÿһܵҪβͶһİ˼һʱֻʲô˵Сɰ
ݲֲ˵
̴ݻͷһۣŤͷ˾˵˾Ϲû¶Ǵ˾ϸ󣬱ϹεȻĴͦġ
ֲؽָ˵ǣ˾ϹҲס
Ȼ֪ǵִ޵ġһܰϧ
˾˵գƮƮ֣˵Ȼ̴ݴ˲ҽȥȥҵҪͨУϣ´ʱ̴ݴ˲˵ֻˡ
̴ݼ򵥴ֱظõ˵
˾Щ棬ֿ֣ˡ
˾ƺ뿪Ҳ뿪

̴ݺȻס
̧
̴ݱŵĬƬ̣֪Щʲô˰죬ʵ
żܵ
ֵûƭţܼ
ܾǰƺûⷽСǺȻ֮䣬ͷܵѾ˿̲ݻ顣
÷˾̴ݶֿƬ̣ȥҪ
ȴҡҡͷ
˱˵ĶǲȥҪġ
ҡ
𣿡ôһ䲻ָյĻ̴ˡ
̴ֻ
סˣħϢûаγħϢʱѹš֮ҪҵʵѪϴƻҪС
ִ
ѽϣ˾ã˵ʱҲ֪뿪ǻΪԨˡ
ڲ¥ż˾Ƶ飬ֺ֮ܿԺ
ϲЩ˵顣ܲͲ롣
µ峿ɫҡҡλΣʯһյƣֱա
ֻһʳСǿҶ
СͷԿ
֡
šǻմһգʯ̧ͷ
ʯݸһ죬ֵݸһ״ƿ
˰ɡ
ֽӹ״ƿοǣᵽһϢ
ڣζ¡
úȣֺڡ
ʯһྲϲЦ˵úȾСһƿ˷ˣȫȵ
ҲΪʲôƽһ״ƿĶˡ
ԹֺȵȻ軹ζָоԼֻ궼࣬ɺСʯϣɹ̫
ʯҺĽ㡣
ֺȻ˵
һɹ̫ʯȻЦˡ
Ľң֣֪˵ʲô𣿡
ַ˸»
ָԼĵطû˻㡣ŵƾͷŵƣȥȥԼ
㣬ҺĽġ
ʯЦ⣬ؿ֡
֣ǲǱסˣ
ͷʯʲô˵
ʯ̾˿ȡһ˽Ǿ
һݳֱźɫʯ㰴סܴ򿪡£ȥ档
ݳ
ֽӹ澵ӣָʯ˵ģ˺ɫʯϡ
һ㣬˰춼
Ȼ׼ɿ֣ʯָϰ˰
һ̣ɫݳһ˿΢⡣
¶硣
УӳһɫݵĺŮӡ
۽üҴŴģǵЦ⣬ġ
ƺڿüƺֱ֣Цգһۡ
»ۡ
Ǿڵȥ
Ѿɵۡ
֣ҪȥһеˣȻָ˾ŷӦ
㿴ʲô
ʯ
һ㶣̧û𣿡
ʯֱԲ䣬澵ӳֵһУֻڴ򿪾ӵˡ
Ȼģ
ָʯݣҿһŮӡ
˰죬ԼȻݲǺŮӵ֮һľɫ
֮£ֻ꣺ĺ
ʯЦ
ã֪ˡ
ǸŮӣҲ֡
һ㶣ҡ
ôء
ԺҲ˵ʯ͵ݳԿȥҲδһ
ִ˽ˡ
룬Լټһ˾ͺˡ
ʯݳ棬֪޷ͽʯ档
ֻصȥʯ
κڳ༫ʲôȱҲòʯ˶еĶƫƫһûС
Щй
ôһöûʯ治ˡ
϶ô˷ѽ
ԨʱҪǲ֪ΪΣҲԨ
ȥҲڡ
룬Ԩѵ
̫ȥ
ǻеݳܲټһξˡԥֻǱݳȥ
Ѿܾṳ̂ˡ
Դһ˾ϸ˾ס˺Ӷȥ
ʱ䳤̤ʱİС
˲ٵáһЩ澶ס
ֵڵ£Ůȥͨ
˲һӵ߳һŮ
Ůе죬ּġ
Ҽҹ
ߵָǰһۣ˵
ȴû
Ҳ˾Ƶġ
ֱӷ˸ۡ
ҵҵ˾ϸµĺ꣡
˾ϸʱκ˴šһƵСôģʶ뿪
ҧ´
δ˵ֵֹĻ
ʹڳ༫ô꣬вϲģÿһ۵ģǴû˻ôģӵģ
Ԩ˵ģ˾˵ģ
ֱ˵Ҽҹ綼ǵˣ˭˵ģв𣿡
в
ޱ˵˾˵ʲô޹ء
ֻԨ˵ġ
סѿֻҪϽԨԨҲͺöˡ
򢣬ͷӽͳһŷֽ۳һֻѡ
Ԩ㡣
ֽ̧С
ס÷ۡ
ִֹصһ𰸡
ֵͷů⣬Ȼ֮˴ʹյҪ㵽ȥܡ
ûжƬֻֽ̣ѷ˳
еĹѷɵУȥ
ԷԨء
˭ģϽضȥҡ
ִûȥؽֽ˺顣
л˵
ԨϱҺܸ˵۵ûط
֣Ҳˡ
һٸѽ~


18 
ˡ
ɴ˳Сķ䡣
ֿڴߣȥӡһľһˮ
ءָֿˮɢ䡣
һȤС˺ð졣
ʲôСͷ˳Ŵ⿴ȥµʯ壬һССİӡ
Ҳڱ꣬һֱڶġ
ֿţȥСӽ档
СҲǸֵģһֻӾôıѡ
СǸģںѻұȥһᡣ
ĿתСã룬غģ
һСŵԭر𣬻Ų·Ҵܡ
˺ð죬ǳӵĺû׷СõӴ˵㣬䶢֡
ԭеذβ͡
Сûκζ⣬һСҲܸо˲ʱѾҿ֣βͼ˯ˡ
ֻͷһμôӣ档ôС˴죬ͣˣרŸһȥּ档
ٵĢˢĸɸɾּĢСӿвݳԡ
רż˲ɫƯĢ׼ȥ￴ʡ
浽ҹĻ٣ֲźСӸװĢС¨ص
ԵĻǶһţ֪˯ˣôġ
ֿţҲżԾͶڻԱߣûĻ˵ƯĢǵûԼѡ
̫ҶɸѡΪÿСĢֳʲôλúÿ
˳Żǵָ㣬˲١ʱڿǣҪȥɽڵ
ҲСĢǡ
ڻ˰죬ֶ֣׼ȥϢ
תʱȴյĵǴ򿪵ġ
һϮµվ޹ſڣأ֪á
㶣ѡȵͷϵĸɾߵſʱԨĿת
ʲô𣿡ֿͿ˵ûµĻҪ˯ˡ
ԨŵֲԾ߬һ֡
˳Ĭض֣ɫķ˳ĲࡣأǳΣİ
˺һ
Ԩۣۣ۵׵⻹޷ѹơ죬һ仰û˵ֱӴżֲתȥ
ִգգתϵš
ϴصϣŷֽůģ˺ܾúܾõ¡
ŸϽ
룬Ԩʲô
˯Ϯ֮ʣֻһ¡
ˡ
ȥɽʱרȥɫڵɽȫɫظ֤Բ޳ûűС¨ȥɽ
ɽ羰ͱ𴦲ͬɽ᫣вٳι״
һ·ͣͣҵڵĵط
һˮ̶ҲïܵĲֻ֣мһڵ
С˲ٵװһС¨¨ϸƬҶ㱳ɽ
ֻʱɽһ·ĿԵģˮ̶ᣬΧ֣ǰеķ
ֽһ١ûķ
ԼĻһҪķ
Ťʱгһֻ֣԰׵أָ޳
һֻ̣οֵĲ
ֺһ͡
ʹ˳źӵȫһƾվ˫ء
û֪Լǵ㽣Ը߽ʿƤë
ֱۣ
༫ŮԣǸ
һɳƵƺЩ죬죬ֻЩ˫մء
ֻɿֵĲӣԨʲôϵ
ʲôϵ룬СɤＷһ仰
ûйϵ
ͷβǳ༫ľˡҲڳ༫
Ӧ
һ˲˿
һ̣Ťµ˺ѿռ䣬һƳ˻ȥ
˳ջ֡
Сƭӡ
һڵء̧ɤӣؿ˿ȡ
۰
ԨѾ˶ϣּ̧˺Ũ࣬һ䣺СҼסˡ
Ũ¾ۼ³ޡ
ԶֵһμҪɲ޴ײУʱڼѪ⣬
޾һųԨ
ɫ̧һ߬һšӭľֱӱ˸顣
Ѫɽ
Щɲ䣬ԨԴݿ֮ƣ׸
ػڲѪ֮֮ǰΪǿҡ޴ʣٵ֧飬Ԩָ֮䡣
ɽͷѪȾ졣
ԨȴͷβһȾЩɱ꣬عͷľ
ֱԨ֮£δմȾЩѪȡ
Ųӣ룬ԭҪޣԨ׻
Ԩſ֦߹
ֵĲϡ
úأСһȦָӡ
ԨȻһ˿ɫ
Ĳӿɫķġ
Ųӣ˵ʼոڼмҪһָӡǰ۵Ĵڡ
Ԩסˡһۣʱ۵׵ĺɫѹסˡ
𣿡
˻˺Ļ
ֵԨջ֣ԼͷŲӡ
ۡ
ۣҲ޷͡
и۵ʱ
Ԩȭ
ץƤ㡭
áֲ˵ֱӾܾ
ϲ
Ԩһαִϡһʱ֮䣬˺ܶࡣ
ȴֻЦЦû˵ǷǵҲ˿Ƶͼ̸ôеС˵ûйϵ
ǵȷûйϵԨ
ͷûκЦ⡣
ԨЦҲ˼֡
ҵ衭
ǵģԨ
һʣѾƽ͵ظԨ˵Ҵ衣
ԨĬƬ̡
˵ʲôϵ
ֺȻ뵽֮ǰҪԨĻ֮ǰǾŻЩ˼Կڡ
ȴ赭д˳
ԨȢΪ𣿡
ԨɫȻһݣѹ˲ʱ͵Ĳ
죬Цϻظ

˵䣬ԨƺȤؿ֣ǵؽ顣
ˣ͸λд֮ĹΣ
л˵
һٸ~


19 
ֲضסʱµСĶԽԽࡣ
ʯ£ʮ²ŻһΣ˺ܶһ˶ĿУ˯СݶϣҶӷ
ϲ̫յʱԨ˵Ļ
ѧȥС棬ּһģһҶһʱ۵ûǺϴ赹ͷ˯
ʯЩ
طּ֣С䳣סˡʲôûʣ꽣ݸһСƿ
Ҳûʲôÿˣһ
̵ġ
ȥ𣿡
𽣣۵óŽ
£ʯʵʵ˵
롣
ȥκοԨڵĵط༫£ܾͳƹˡ
ʪĳ׵ƹȣֻǴ¸㡣
ʯˡ
ֵ࣬һЩ¡
缸֪Ϳɽ˳༫УѾʽͳ༫ս༫С
˫һЩٴ༫ĸҲսС
ֻǰš
ڳ༫꣬ҲЩǶûôƺƴɡ
Ѿĵ룬ǲҲ磿
ǵˡ
ʯĲ⣬ת˵˼硣
֪༫ڵλãһ𣿡
ҡҡͷ
ֻ֪˼磬֪ʲôǸġûȥԨû˵
ǰʲôҶˣԴӳ༫ݰ֮ϣ˼͸Ľгˡʯɵ˵ţ˵Сղд༫С༫С
ЩԱ֮ǰҪȤЩ⡣
һǳӡ󡣳ӺóԣǺóԡ
ʯŵ´ȥִһǡ
ֺʯһƣһΪ
ʱ䣬îʱʱ򣬱غܻ˶
øǽˮҪβιʳ
Ҳ֪СĢܲϰ
ֻصǰĻһ֣̾ӵҲҡŻҶӣǿҵĲ
ָϽȡˮﻨǽˮҶӰ
βһô֡ΧСˮȥ
ι㣬ʼ˼һ⡣ԺڲڶĻãЩ²̫ý͡
־ͺͻʳڻʱûǸιһιܲС
ǻûι㣬ͦ˷ܣ̫˭ιֻг仨ˣûȥ֡
֣ǲҪ뿪
Ҳ˵ãڳǰŻҶӣ޷һŵ
ǲڶġ
Ժֻнιʱ򣬻ݵػһ˰ɡ
һҲҴҵأ㻨Ƭ̣صȡЩ˷ϵСѡ
ǸƤѡ滹ŰɫƤë
ҪֲҪҲ֪Լôˣֻǲ뿴Щ
ʲôûãԭ·ء
Ӷǰ£һҪ·š
ʱúõģʱͷȴһǽסˡ
ֱͷҿûֱģǷֱŵɵ̴ݡ
Щԥȥ£̴̫˵ƾճֵһǽ޲ߵġֻܳų̴߹ȥ
̴һֱģ˹˵ֱ˵ˣȥ
컰˻ȥ󲻸˾䣺ȥ»б·ɣ
̫Ͼ·ͨ裬羰Ҳ߹ˡ
ˣҲȫˡ̴˵Ըˣ˾ͱܡȥ¡
ֵһȥ
̴֪ݻô˵Ԩ϶ÿһ·
ΪʲôҪôأԨֺȻ֮䣬Ԩһİܡ
ٶʣתߡ
ٴλصʱ̫ڸˣʲôǲԾġֿﶼסϰ˵أһʱȫȻ任ģİϢ
ݳŵϢУϣ˴󲽶Ԩ
һԾӯϣֵĶ䡣
һܵس׵ס
ŴƬ̣ջ֡
ǴȤҴȥ档һٲȥȥ
Ԩ·ȫȻˣ˿̳༫Ƶս£ϡƽԼС
ûпҡҡͷ
ȤģԨһУѾȤˡ
Ȼ䣬뵽Ԩһٲŵ
̧Ԩ
˵һŵġ
ԨӦȴ۵׵ִţû峺
ҪʲôԨǻֵЦ˵Щܶõġ
룬˵
뿪
ԨȥһȻϲ˸һϲʲôģŪʲô
뿪Ԩַ֣ôġ
Ԩ𽥺ϻЦţǲϲһƬأ༫Լ£ԡ
ֻ˵Ԩǳֵĺɫģ𽥲ȵΣϢ
ԥ£ûټ˵ȥ
Լ˵ΣȻԼҪʲô
뿪ˡ
ԨֳĬȥ뿪ıӰЩ⡣
ŸϷ
ʱŵһ÷ĵ㡣
÷˵ζɡַ˸ֹȻ÷ˡ÷ͷ

Щʱղֹ˲١
÷Щش֣ˣüۼҲ˲١
þò÷ˡ
ַԼں÷˵ġ
Щʱ򲻼ˣ÷洽ЦЦǰЩʱҾȥλ˾ӡ˭֪ħЩǿҺڸзڲֹʵˡ
Ŀ÷˵ĸ


÷Цҿּʱұ̥Ȼ⵹ùӣǼˡ
Ŷһ
÷ϸϸ֣һı仯ܷ֡÷ûзüʲôͬ
ǲʲô˼Ǻ⡣
ֹҲʹʶһ㰲һ°ɡ
÷̧һһƬ˪ʱһƬ˪ѩİ÷ġ
÷֮ǰַ÷ȻͬһЩ룬Ҳܸܵǳڿзӿ
÷ɽʥ÷ѩ䡣÷ĸ˵ҪľҴ˺ٸ
֪÷ѩﰲһɡ
ꣿ
ֻδӦ÷һף÷ѩֵüǰ
İɫĹŨ֣ӿ
ָձۣȴ÷ƺһۡ
÷ѩ䲻ˡ÷һ˿Ѫŵض֣૵
ܣô޻ǣ
л˵
һٸ~


20 
ټĶȻһֵΡ
᲻Ȥȥͻ˵ڻԵСϣ̫۵۽ǷᣬŵͷµӲСལ
ůİɡּǵǵġ
ֻɹ̫ƺûʲôо
ЩҲȥڡϵݼСལ˯
ڼԨֲǵáûۣҲûпǾ͵ûɡ
Ǳڶĵڼ졣ȥ£Ҳֻ롣ԨֱӶ·һǽ޷Խ
ֶڻԱ߽ˮʱ̲ס룬ȥµĻҲͲٻ˰ɡ
غÿһ仨к
̫Ҳѵð˵ֻһ
ֱӴֻУҪɹ̫
ֻһ¡
һֱɹ̫ģЩǡ
֮ǰйԨ˵һɹ̫
ÿζ˵һΡ
ֱųϣ˯
ûһ
ѹһдģϣԶĵطϵĺ죬Щ١
ﶼǳʪأģֲϲġ
Ȼᵽһֵζ
Ҳ˵Ƕֻ֣һܲϲġϢ
ֻͷСʯ·ڹսǴģǰȹɢŮ
ǡ˾ơ
վԭأ˾ƹȻ˹
˾Ƶ󻹸澣һ׺ض֡
ֲ⡣
ǽǰɡ˾񴿳´֣ŴЦЦôҼĺ̫һûǹӺľ
İĴʣﲻ֪ΪЩеġ
˾ƣţûУС
˾Ц⽩˽
治˵ȻǸ
˾ЦҲЩЩؿ֡
㲻ǸС˵ôΡֱ˵ҪѪ
ѪҩҩЧȶǿЧ㣬ҲһǴ
ֵؿ˾ơ
ͷҪҾҪ𣿡
δĵˣҲԺˡ˾˵
δĵˡȻЩЦҲ֪ΪʲôûЦ̧濴˾ơ
˭޹ء
ȻЩȤˣ˵᲻Ѿܾûк˵ˡ
ô˾ƺˣѵҪѪҲ𣿡
ƼԺȻվˡ
ѪƺҲѪ
֪ΪΣδ߽վԶԶؿ
һ

ܽԼѪҲԼѪҪȥҩ
ԨҪ
Ŀڡ
ĿԨһ߽
˾Ʒ·ŷˣһŴɫЩȻ

˼֡
ôˣһء
Ԩûп˾ƣ˫ֱ֡
תͷȥĿ˵ϵĻҶ
˶٣ԨЩͳ˵˭׼ģ
˾ҧŴɫЩ԰ס
Ҿ֪˿
ҴˣģƵ
̧ҪѪ˵Ѱ
ƿĿ⡣
ˣν
޹ء
˾С˵˵һֿ˸Ц˲ΣҪѪβǲ£ôشģ
־˾ƵĻ
ԭôԹ۱˵ѣָо
ԨﻹҪ£СĻ
ȥԺӡ
˾ɫҰס˵˵˹ǹҲסһһεأǱͷ뿪
ˡҲûʲôˡ˸Ƿˡ
ͷˡ
ԨĶѪ
˿㿪
˶٣ջ֣Ц£СѪȥϴһϴ
ֻһ䣺ʲôʱ뿪
û˵ʲôطԨţɫȴǰ
ﵽʲôãôˣһֱƢ
Ƣ
ִ͵Ƣɡ
뿪
Ԩ̣ѪһԼСȴľܾҪ뿪޷͡
ؾܾ붼롣
ֲ˵ˣƣ롣
ֱң˯
Ԩµ˺ܾãֻСǳĺ
˳Ĭܾã˦ȥ
ԨˡۣϵҶ̵ģ͸Ҷǵϡһ㶼ů͡
༫ս𣬵еѲԽԽܡ
ڸ߸ߵϣһֻֽ׷ɵѰߡֽ׳һ˾Ƶ³
˿ƻңˮС
˾Ƶֲ̫
ָ˵ֽףһΡ
̧֣
￴ģһȦɫ˿ߡһɽϮԨǿҵİɡ
󣬳ĬƬ̡
ԭ˿ǿԽ⿪ġ
ҪҪ⿪ֻһˡ
ָֽף˵
á
л˵
99%
һٸ


21 
˯ѳڻԺͻǴкʱ˳ƿ˿ա
Щʼܲ磬˵Ҫɣȴôţûн˼
гʪϢԽԽأżһɴ紵ᵽѪ
ǳ༫еӲս£żɡ
ּǵãһս£ѪɺӲֹ
ûܸ飬սɢ
ҲܲϲǹѪζߴߴҪҪڶһ磬ҪˮҶҪ׼һСѣڸߴִϼ춼û¡
󻨶һ¾ȥԨ
ŻǵĻҪ顣
ӹһ磬ҶСѡ
ȥɫҶԼժСѣɽǲȫģֻܷɡ
ػش𣺡֪ˣǵŶ
ȴ򵥵ȥΧȽŨС¨ݼѰ˸λã˸ССѣʮ仨һ
룬ڶĺӵ̱׼ͬСѡ
ϲ羰֮ǰȥţȥУԺֻԼȥˡö׼Щط
һСѣרŻһͼֽһһ齲ôȥ
̫ǺܸˣҶ˵áֻгŻһԲ
ֶڵ
ʵԳ˵ϤĪĻˡԿ˺ӣԿѩȡ
ǻȥĻټĻֻһĻ³ѹ
ȥź
ŵǽڡֱȻһ£ȥ߶ȡȻǽȻðһء
ֲˡкҶϣȥСҶ
βմˮʪЩǡ
˦˦βͣһδˮС
صʱֱһѺҶʪġ
һһСˮ̲
Сˮֻʱ佫Сˮ˲١ҶβҲ⣬ֵϸ
ȥɫɡ
ӹһ磬ѪǾͻڡ
룬ɫһʲôط
֮ǰĻɫһЩֵֹĵطȾƣǽս£ɫΪƸĸ᲻᲻ڳ༫У
ֲ֪Ѿܾûмˡ
÷˶֪ıࡣҪȥ÷ֻǵ÷˸ù÷ѩ󣬲԰뿪֮Ҳûм˰ɡ
뿪ʯ·ߡҲʲôĿĵȥҡ
еĵࡣѲߵģصģΪҪȥԨڵк¡
Ԩĵַʲôأ
ãȻ룬ֲȥԨ
ɫ
ʱһЩɫܻȥĵطˡ󲻵òϣɫʲڳ༫
༫սۣò˶ˡ
ҲɫĿĵţҪߵͤˡ
ԶԶأͤˡ
ʹֻһɢıӰҲһϳԨԨģ۰ȹŮߵָ޽Ƿ˿ģ˾ưɡ
Ҳ֪ΪΣվԭؿ˵Ӱˡ
ҲҲȥԨһ硣
ң
Ԩͷѣһһžơ
ĵѹ޷ڵĶ䣬ּǿɱ⡣
˾Сŵ˵ЩæƱôţֻ뵽һ£ŻҪߵĺá
ֻС֮꣬ǰʱ˵ϲ˿ƣڲϵĲȦᡣҸȡ
˾˵䣬˺ˣɫް֮ѾԺ
죬ԨЦ
ˣ
˾Ѿ֪Ԩ̬ȣҡͷѽƿ϶Ҫʵ˼ܾġ
ţľԨЦŵģ۵ĺףӲϺɫķģǳŤŰ
˾ȴڸԨϲ̵˵
ֻ治£ŵвС˼ͷɽҰСءôûС
Ԩֱ˾ơ
֮Σ
˾ƴϲЦе˵Ǹûõĺ꣬ҵиЩô
ȱһãƤëŻ
Ԩֻţ÷ЦЦüʶоƱľҡҡλΣһ֡
Цˣĵغ˱ʣľƣдһ˿ѹֵѪɫ
ҪǾȥƤ

ԶԶأ˷дĶԻ
ջߣգգۡ
תӣԼɵβ
β͹ԣ޲ޣƯβ͡
Ҳ˺ġ
л˵

һٸ


22 
ƤãǰƤʲôԨƺЦ²ţһյƤϰɡ
˾Ѫɫ˲ʧ԰ҧŵزҶ
ãܻŵԨ۵׵ѪɫԽԽأ૵ǳ˹ͷĥɹǽʡ
Ԩ˵ţЦ˾ơ
ϲƤǹͷ
˾ݶڲ˰㣬ŽӲ˵ǲϲҵġС裬Ȼֻϲ
Ԩɱ𰸸ȡõˡ
Ц
ûֻϲҡ
˾һһ´ΣƤ޴档
˾ƵȵԶ̱Զڴں亹ֱð
֪ʲô
ǸȻ
ԣԻΪİʯ
˿ơһҪ⿪
*
·˶ڴĬƬ̣ûнȥ
ǲȫġ
ԨƤȥˣȥ
ڳ༫꣬ϲĶůأȵģɹ̫Żĵط
˵ȥģټĳ༫Ҳʣһˡ
ƹȵߡȥԨҲȥĵط
Ƕϲʪ
ƹƹţԽԽԶ
Ҫˡ
վԭ̧˿ա
ǵģǺܲڵ˼ȫĹߡ
Ҫ
ֲſ֦ҶС·ԽԽѣԱغΣβ͸߸
ƯĴβͣһĽζ
С·һ·ߵͷƹȵСͣ᫡вپ޴֩ſ֮˿ϣסС·
ҿС꣬һţ˹ȥ
ƹԽ£Խ䡣ҲԽʪ
ͬҹĻѾ٣谵أֻܿұڵ
ֵײײšǵ֮ǰʱ˵ƹߵǸ׵ĶѨȥĳ˵ź
OO@@أƺСڲݴš
һ·ҵߡ
ߵ²ȵضŢġһ·ţƤëʪˡ
ҵ˳
ʪһҲûаԥֱ˽ȥ
õĵطˡ
Ԩҵġ
֪ܽΪδ˶Ϊ
ʯɽˮδ𣬵δïҰϡѨطֹ೤أ·޵ͺ
ͷʪˡ
ʪ䡣
ϲġ
⡣ûԨ
ִӽͳһС̺ӣұϹС̺Ӿô˯š
˿⸬˾ͺɽˮ
ʵʱڷ˺ܶܶ࣬ʵʲôҲû롣
֮ģ³ڵĵط
ѧֱʲôڲꡣ
ʱõĴڡ̫֪䡣
ּһ֦òݱһʱƺŤ
ֺЩ˳һ̣ǰĿռ䱻էȻ˺ѣ沿źɫĵˣһ˫ۼѪ˿
ֱһ̣һֱŵһɿ
شΧĻ
ʪ
ʹĵط
ǲСƫƫ
ѹұ༫Ҳ˿ơ
ã˿ƻڡĿ
û뵽ұ༫ҲˣȻϲĵط
Ԩһʱ߰˺ܶ࣬һͷ
Ԩ£㿪ˡ
Ԩ֪ô졣
⼸ҺˣҼˣȴһ㶼֪
ĵĺܹ꣬
ԨɨŢأջߣָǰ˶ס
Ҵؼҡ
ֿԨ뱳
ˡߣҲسɴ磬ɺ꣬ţš
ȴ뱳
֪ԨˣǴȥˡ
ֽ֦£֣׼Լߡ
Ȼһ̣Ѿü̧߬һ˦ֱ˦ڱϣֱ̧
ֵԨļ米ֲ밤
ȴ֪޾СŢأһߡ
ּԨҲһ·Ĭ֪ЩʲôţҲȫܽ
Ԩĺ󾱶ߣС˵
Ԩ
Сʱܾһ٣ͷѾ¶һ˿Ц⡣
˭֪Сظ
ԨҲ
˵ġ
ԨʱܲЩʹЩᡣ
ܵĸо
̧ؿڣ룬۵İɡԨһ̣ͻĿڡ
۰ɡ
ڵԨ˵ʹ
˺֡
ֿ棬ҧأ۵һ˿Ѫ졣
̣Ԩһ
ȥɫ࿴Щ顣ٺ˵˵
ֻҲڶ顣
룬Ŷһ
ҲãҲڸԨ˵ڶˡ
ظĻûġ
ԨͻضͽŵҡŻҶ⼸ȥΪʲôɷ˺öΡ
ʲôû˵ֻظǽ˽ˮ
ˡ
Сˮվڻԣ̧ڵŷеϸɳ
޷͵ģϤһС
һ³ƣض¡
ʱзһֻֽס
ֽֿ׷ɵࡣ
뵽˾Ƶʱ˵Ǿ仰
ֵ˵ֽס
νˡ
Ǹֽ׻ظһ֡
ᣬ༫ļս
κս½ƣԺܿ
ţԳ༫Ǹ¡
Ԩ׸ս
ǰר֡
յСһڻظǽˮ
С
ԨһǰЦ̧ҪСĶ䡣
ǲö㿪֡
վֱ壬һ˫峺أأûаֶؿ
ԨŴĬƬ̣Цš
ЩЩƣһȥ档һٲΣǲȥ㲻ȥһȥ棬Σ
ֻ˵Ҫ뿪
ͷ
죬üһ䣬Цء
á
Ԩһ㶣һӦȻǣѾûмСЦˣŷ֣ԭѾܾúܾûЦˡ
Цü䣬Ԩ˵ҪǵðҸˮѽ
ԨΪʲô£û뵽ǽˮ
У㱦ЩԨڴӦˣʲôҪģսƷ
ҪؿԨòһġ顣Ц΢ˣأ
ԨԸƽǡ
༫Уѹǡ󣬴衣
ɫƮҡιźµ·ϡ
ŽǴ졣
бµߴơ
ǣŶ٣ԽǺӣСɽ
٣Ƥ϶ˮ飬ǳأɳõأվڸ߸ߵ֮ϣ۳༫
˺һɽˮꡣ
ء
ֱۣӯ¡
л˵
ǣһVлһֱѽһµ~
һٸ~


23 
, Ŷ٣ٲӶɹǺӡ
ֲŷԼļԺܺá
ӭŷˮĳˢ˳ץס٣ζƽµס
Ҳڱ֮, ǺӷӿŲ㼤ˣ׳أߵ, ŲΣǧĴұڡ
ұڹǺӣȻûκλĵֵ̰Ԥ, , ֻܰڶ, ǧƵһֱš
ӡ
ͱɫٲ, лаɫСˮ, £ɵؼ塣
˺ܾá
ǵʯ˵ӻ䵽Ǻл١ҲҪҵĲǳ͵
ʸŶ, , һұڡ
ץ˱, ǵġ
ϲûκһĴڡ
ЩãȻ̧Ĩȥʪˮ
ѵһ̤ȥ
ġľĲֹڴˡ
ֿʼұÿһ, ͹ǵңɫĲݣήĶľ
, ɫС
ץһС׻ʱ㶡ɿ֡Ҫҵ, ôҲǻұϵĻͺǿ, Сץ, ѹɡ
һ̣С׻Ϸ·ش̣ġ
һʹѪð˳
еС׻ѪͨѪ죬ʢϸϸһС٣ָ⡣
ֺ֪ضС
ԭԭӡ
ɿ˶٣ŷ׹ͬʱ׳ֻ
ѪɫСǧ㲨εǺѸٳ۵һ𣬶һ㣬ϡ
쫷µıǺӳδ֪Σա
ֽСţˮˣʪ͸͸ûҶֻǵʯ˵ֻҪС٣ܺǺӡ
էȻֲ̧ͷ
ܲմ˿˺ѳһɫѿڣ缫Ѹ͵ػСɽͷ
Щ죬ûм˶ӵͳĿԵóʪʱѾͷε״
УҪ뿪ڡǺ
ֱС١
СڼǺУƽᴩһ롣
Сɽɽţǰ
ֱս첻Լһӵĺˮһ㣬ٿһ㡭
ĬĬţвԶľ룬ܡ
Ȼһ̣էȻͷ𣬶һ磬ֱǺУ
˾ǧС̷
ֻüס죬ͱ߸߷˾𣬺ݺĴ׹ˮ֮С
δ
δ𡢵δ𡢵δ
ұˮʶģ֮УԼֱ
ڳ˺þã̫Ϥˡ
ѵֻһΣص˳
Ŷͷײײδۣ˫ҵȥץΧһУץһأЩء
ſ
Ա
û
꣬Ķأ
ֻأǿɿŵģʪأأұڰɡ
˺ôľۡ
谵ĶѨδδˮ
ǰꡣ
ʮģûʤѩˣǰԾˡ
ף죬ۣǼõòҶͷϻһֻǡ
һֻǣ
ֶһȷһֻǣƫɫзֲ棬˸ԲβĵطǱһֻǿŲǱƻġ
޵ۿ
ע˳ֻǣĲӡĲϣһ˩Ȧν
֮¡
ֻƿߡ
Ȼûѡ
|Ű
µλãһûмģƯƬˮɫβ͡
룬ββͶÿ

ڼֵע
ȵԼеˣŴӽͳһѡ
ˮɫģֱӸ˹ȥ
Ƿ꣬˫ֽӹ졣
䵽ػʲôѡ
˵˵껹ǽѴ𣬲̫ôڵĶסˡ
ιС
ںֻұأ̧ꡣ
ôģ겻Ǽһʲôˣ
ţʲôҡҡͷ͵ڶɺӣ˴ˡ
̧°ͳ˼¡
ȷ˸ĺ꣬Ǳġ
⣿
æͷԼ
һǳɫѷ·ˮݹӡӡƯĴβʪģëһ𣬴ˣһ㶼Ư
İβͱ
βʱ򣬻ûβͺÿ
֪ʲôط𣿡ֺʵ
ԥ죬룺ҲҲǺӣ
Ҳȷˡ
ǰһ̻ǺϣӴŹӡ˲һؾͱˡ
ˮƺ˺üȦתͷͣ궼ˡ
ʲôطôģûа
˵ģֻ֮ǰļ䡣
ǺӡɫǱˣͨ죬ⲻǳ༫𣿰ǧȻҹֵط
ţٿ겱ϵȦŶˡ
̫ԣ꿴У׺ݵصһۡ
ʲôûͽӺġСү𣿡
죬˵ֲ֪ʲôͽͽģԳơѽ
ָָֻ
ժ𣿡
Ǻܲġ
ȦֶϾһֽЩ˶ĵط
꣬ԸһģȴһȦôšеġ
ϸֿһ
Сҽ⿪
ָȥȻ뵽ǰ˶ʶ˵Ϊʲôô
վԭأظ˵ҪҰæ𣿡
궨֣Ӧ죬һŲʲԸҽ⿪Сɣ
Щûס۽ǻ¶һЦ⡣
һֱС⻹ǵһ˺Сɡ
ȻǣҲû˼ŻЩ˵ġ
ǰ
ߵýˣŷͷֻǣƺұˮʪˣģδʱСקġ
Щգգۣͷʼо겱ϵȦ
з䡣
˳Ȧұ˸顣
ȦĲֿǷǿöģǺܸ߽׵ķ䡣ͬ߱䣬ż֮ӿóӺȦѰʡ
ԨķҲǷƷ
ִӽͳŷֽ˦ϡֱնϾͺˡ
ʱð棬һ·յұںȦ
Ȧ϶ʱĽ̵໽βֱӱ
æһŷȦϣŻʣûյɣ
һƻ˲ʱѹȥҲɵȦϵĻ𻨡
ͷ̾ëˣóһĨ죬ض˵۵ĺ꣬ҿ𣿡
صͷ
Ҳû뵽ӾȻղϡЩˡ
ùǺͲַˡ
ǻڶɵĿ껹ΡȻ˾СΨһϣˡ
û£ͦ㻹ʲôӣֻʹ
ҧأһ˫д㡣
ܵס
˵ˣҲͲԥӽ﷭˲ٵķ
һһԹȥ
ӺȦι̲ɴݲУǵѾһϢˡ
˳ںڵĳҵأǱվˣǱиζˣСʱʹһ꣬һϺСؤ
ɣ㣬Сүˣˡ
ҧгݵأҿɾһͽϻĹѺҲŬţɲΪһϡ
޻˵ͷѸҵ⼸ŷ
Ҳû뵽Ԩķ㹻ģΪζŪӣ
ûŪϣǰڵĲ״øȫΡ
վԭر֣ͷĬ
Ĺ˺ð죬ֱһŤͷȥˡ
Ψһϣȥİɡ
úûš
ּ겻ˣЩɸС
ǰûкйʲôӴȷǰǸʲô㣬ǳģһֱ˵ܻŵɣ
ִӽһС̺ӣ룬һݸꡣ
ͷ̺ӽӹȥûǺٶȡ
ⶴѨôãЩ·ϱӼˡ
ֹС̺ұ
۾ѾȫӦѨĹߣ´һ¡
ѨȳҪСֻڣ˻ʱӶѨھʼʪġ
ϲĳ
ֶŶѨڿ˺һ
ˮҲιССźڸֺҶİ£ǿɹġ
ټǺӡβͻᱻˮ˾߰ɡ
һʱ䣬ѨΨĴ˱˴ˡ
ְţԵֵСӺܿͿұ˯ˡ
ʱΪԼڳֱֳӣһһйƵקŷӦ
Ǻһ֪ĶѨȺһͷϳǣƢõദ
֪걻ںˣҲȥǶڶѨϴϴβͣϴøɸɾѵӡӳϴɾ
ʪջ
꿴̲ס̧һ
ֻˮʱһӱøʡ
ͷꡣ
лл
 ˮ۾
Ͷұȡ⸬ޣ˺ꡣ
˭֪ȴޱȰ°͡
Сүٹȶ꣬Щʳóԡ
ϰԵõȰȰ룬Ҫ˲
Ҳ֪⸬ʲôģ
ɵ˰ûȵСȰһͷ÷ۡ
С꣬һǹضûУһξͷˣԼ⸬ͷѾһ
ιԼôˣ
̧ͷãȻؿꡣ
ǲҪЩ𣿶ٹˡ
ֲ֪ΪʲôԼ뷨ƶϣʵҪתȥ𣿡
ѵǱٹȵҲ뿴˳Զ
е鷳Ҳǲô
궢ֿ˰죬Ĵתˣȷ
ǰĺ꣬Ĳ
Ǹ⸬һ顣
껹踺أҪԵġ
ŶһҲûгЦҲں޳ѡ񣬶ǽ⸬˺
⸬ԵõǼ˹ġ
ֳһһ
һֱţ̲סѣ⸬ж٣ô죿
ֻ汻ˣͷۡ
ˣкööࡣԲġ
ڳ˵Ļ
ҿԳġ˵Щ˼Ҫ˳ˣһ䣬Ҳ㣬ץġ
һˡ
ҲС˵óڡ
ֱӶֿ죬¶
ˣҲԺꡣ
ܵвĬĬѧһſ찡һ¶ļ
Ҳǳصġ
Ҷʳģ˭˭
˭֪꿴ֵļЦöᣬקȦ۵ֵ
ͦʲô
γ˸ۣȷҲͦģʲô
Ųӣ˵ҽʲô㲻һһҾͽˡ
ѧˡ
ҽкꡣ
궢֣̾УûпǹҲ㣿
ҡͷ
ûˮҲֻ֪δءǿƯƬĴβ͡
ʵˡ
귴ָָԼͨǻƺԼΪȪ͡
Ȫͣ
ûǽ˵ɴĸȪԼ֡
ԳȪ͵õ֣Щ΢񣬶͸¶һЩζ
ͨҲʶ
ֳȥȪͲϵȦҪ⿪ҲǸ⡣
취ְȪͿ˿ǲȥ÷
ȪƺѾ˼·ֽϵķĻ
˺һĽңҲûҳһ֧ʺһſհ׷ֽ
ȡ˼źڶѨֳһź飬սȪ͵ĺȥ
Ƣõ꿴ͳĺ飬һߣס˵Ļܲ˵ŤŤӡ
ֿźĹâϸϵķģһۣһ¡
һֻС֦ڵػ
ȻȦġ
־ź鿿Ȧϵķֵأ塣
ְȦսˡ
ι
ⲻ֪ѾŬŲӣῨȦλã˼ΣԽܡ̲סҧݺݵ˵
꣬æģᱡҵģ
һ㶣ź֪֣ȪѾͨ죬֮
ִзӦʲô˼㵵ضã͵
ҿ壬ķ̫Сˡ
Ȫûһ˫۶ŶѨĶˣߣ˭֪ǺʲôȰϻѹҿɸҪġ
⻰ûжˡ
ԭҲ벻뿪İ취
Ϊʧ
һֲˣȪ͸ǼᶨԼͷ
ȻǶ֮ģ
Ѫֵ°͡
ʲôСү㿿ЩֻҪܽȦ
ԭһ
ЩԼôŷ֡һںжѨСޣô֪İ취
ʵ̾˿
ҲǸѽ
Ȫ͵ػû˵ֱָ꣬ҭ÷˰ۡ
˺üܻأ˵˭Ƿأ
ѽʵػش𣬡һӳѨԣǷ
ˮУС޸ˣǱ˩ŵģ硣
ԣñڴŰӺ󣬾뿪жѨ
˭㣬СүӲöѨˣ
ֵؿ˵ꡣƢĲãһһš
Լ˵ġˣعһ£˵ҲҪ㻨㲻ܰ뿪
ֵĻԸˡŬ˰죬Ҳո˵Ļ
ںӦе©
ԭСУҪľ뿪ĻǱܵı֡
귴Ӧ󣬷Щӿϡҧء
ֻܲ鲻Ըһ⿪ӣҾܴ뿪
ֲ̫ǰˡټǺֻˡ
ֻѡš
ȥС˿Ȧϵķġ
һΣ׼߸̧°ͣţ˫ֳںߣŬһ־ˮˮӡ
ֻǾźϸ۲Ȧĺۼ
ȦϸϸȦɵģмοеͼƣźȥգȦϵİɫڱץۼ
ֵģֿ˺һҲֻܿһǰ㡣
ټҲû塣
ֿϵģȦϵģۻһ£ڵϿ̻
ȦϵǶ϶ģҲѧǲȦģ϶Ż
ͷ˰죬ü
ѹѪġбҲôӴĽ
̫ȱԼܿҲࡣ
Щˡ
ձһϢûУѾ֮ǰóˡ
ҡ
ڣ˵ܿܿȫġ
Һס
°ͣһ߸ϵ̬
Ұķ仭ȫˣܽ⿪Ҹ㽻һ
ֹҡͷ
ɫ䡣
˵ҲҪ
뿪С
úǡһֻûжٵӣβǺӵġ
ˣܸͨˮԵġ뿪Ӧúס
궢֣ĥһ
а
ڶѨסˡ
ҲסѨп̫ûκʱŵĺۼʱ䶼Ȧӡ
һʼؿѾܰѺһȦֲͷͷϸȦȴʱнĺۼ
ڼӽȡһС齣һģð˴
ѧŶѨıȥϴһϴλ
ȤȪͣҪҪˢһˢβ͡
βͳʱ䲻ϴᷢ
ܾˣڵ֪Ϊβͻᷢʱ򣬸ǼץӻζҧԴǡ
ҵβͣԲζԾԣ
˶䡣
ϴͲϴҪ
ڶѨЩʱˣĵĽֻҪֲͻ˦βȥע⣬ѧ˽ʱ䡣
껹дʣʲôѵģջӼʾͳ˵£һô
ֻ
ûֽͱʣ־ýƽշŵĳüɷֽСÿ֦մˮڽϻ
˵ǻľǻ
ĺܶ࣬ڽַܶĻһξ룬ֱȻţһ֡
ѧķˡӦ֡
ִԼ·ǸʦԷˮ
ë꣬Ҫӡ㡭
ֻعϵĽлһķ
ǸСˣѧɤҪԵˡ
ӡ
ַ˷̯֣ΪѵؿȪ͡
ûˡ⸬ɡ
Ҳ֪һͱٹȵģΪʲôҪԵġԵıࡣ
ûˡƤţ¶ˡ
Ҿ֪̻ͽܣʦأǰԿӶС
ֺˡΪʲôҪΪģѽĻӸأ
ҲûӾûˡֻ˺⸬
ֵͷо
ֱ겱Ȧϵķġ
Ѿһ롣
ĵĳѾѾµļǻȫ档
һġŷġ
ŻţֺȻ룬ŷС˵ģǷĵʲôӣ
ԥ죬̧ȥǸ⸬Եꡣ
Сޡ
Ҳ֣ë꣬꣬ʲôĻźҲȪͣҲСޣ˳ƺ
̧Ƥ
Ҳˣô
ȳȥˣҪȥۼʶһ£ʶ˺εȸ߹ġ
һֽⷨҪ𣿡
ͷ꣬ò
ҲԾԣ㣬ҳԶ
ּǴӦģſǰ̧ÿ֦׼Ȧϻʱһ㶡
û
Щա
˾ﻻˮ֪ôãڽУûκô
ֻǻӣע벻κ
ͷˣǰĺûС
룬ˮɫββ·ѡѡ˰죬ѡСƬɫõذ

Ƭ
ֽӹƬ˲о˴Ƭӿ
ô桭
֮ǰ÷￴÷ѩʱҪˡ
˲͸о˾ɥͬΪβ͵˵ƬԶëëҪ
ŴƬĲ淴򻭷
ʵܳɹĿԺܴ󡣵ܵһԡ
Ųӣڴ
ôãҲϵأ
ֲ
ʱࡣ˳˸ﻵˡ
Ƭһһռķģ档
ǽʻߵǽߵ
ʵʱܸоԵÿһʻĶܷѾ
һһʱ
ҲٷϻϢ񣬸ŲȦϵ
˵ʵۣϴĲӣ
˵ץס˻ᡣ
ȫעȦϵķĻơ
ⲱȦ̫Сˣʺܲðѿء
ֶͷð˺飬оѾƣ룬һֱ۾˯ŵľ⡣
ǰҲЩģ
ССȦѾʼӰ
塭
ûꡣ
ҧ⣬ǿԼѡ
ֻҪ⿪ֻҪ⿪뿪ˡ
һһƳڲȦϣʧ
С꣬ҪǲУ´Ρż
ѾܸܵǰĺŮжƣ룬ҡҡ׹
óģȥֵļͣ¡
૵ⲻĻһбķӡ
ǲͦá껰δ䣬ִź̧𣬿ޱʣҰұˣڳеͨ𣿡
ɫ󶨸࣬ҧгݵɱңҲԲֳӳڱǰ
̾˿Ĩȥˮ
ɲҪ𣿲ľǿ
Ǿֻܼˡ
ˡֵ̧ûС̺ӵͷ˯
̧ϵȦ
ʹʼԾ̡
СϵĺŮ
Ц̧ͷѨԶ
ĻǽȻͬ
ֿÿ컭ճ̡
Ͽʼһ·Ȧ
һʼһʱŻʣѾöˡܻһġ
ԵģȦĴʹʼ֮С
Ҳ֪ǶٴΡ
ϰƬ
ϰʹ°ͣ¶ԼĲ
ȥץʵڲзϺС
ͷҲ̧Լȥץ
СүáˣҪԶץ㣿Ͻģȥץ˳ԣҸ㽲¡
Ķˡ
δӴ磬ȪȻڶѨУȻ֪ĵطż͸¶ģĲ
ɽ
ʿ֡
øϽ꣬Ȼȥץ㡭
ա
ף
գգۣȦǰһɫĹ⣬ӵĺһѡ
ѣ
ּæȥ̣ȦѾѿĲ䡣
Сүҿڸ߹ġ껹ڸС껭û˵꣬ͷԼϽЩʱȦˡ
ڴ˿̣ͷϵĶϽǷŽ⣬
ˮɫĳβɫ𽥼ƯƬǱһɫȾīɫ
ʱѨбǡ
㶵ؿǰСڶ̶ʱ伸һģ
鸴ӵԼӣĿϡ
桭ǸŰ
ܽÿ
ȥҸʦúýһ̣˵Ժĺðˡ
ַӦˡ
ɹˡ
Ǹš
̣ûס¶һõЦ
Цԡ
һ壬īɫĳβȣͷϵĽǣ˿ָ̱һࡣ
ˣҸöֳŵʱˡ
°Ϳ֡
ǳ༫ģҪȥСүƣһ̡
Цˡ
ҡҡͷ
Ҳǳ༫ġֻǡ·ˣҪ뿪ʱˡ
룬뿪Ļȥأ
ȥǺܺóԡ
ʯ˵´μʱǡ
ǿѾ޷ˡ

Լȥһǰɡ

ƺ˾ʲô
У
ҡ֣ư°ͣҴߡ
*
Եǳ༫սĳء
ѪɺӣʬҰ
һսų༫٣еĽˡ
Ԩ뿪սǰרתȥ˳
ǵãСϲ
ԨЩĻ֡
СȥĻ
뿪ôЩ죬Сˡ
Ҫȥ
༫һսȫʤ¶ʿǣɫȸ׷Ҫ칦硣
Ԩ˸ص༫ʱ칦Ͱںˡ
һսеĸλ죬ڵڵ÷ˣ˾ƣ׷׵
ԨϣɨһȦ
СȻϲֳϣû
÷
ִ¶ȱϯ
лŸСĻ֡ԨúȻСȲ˵ЩģŸ
һƽһ
칦翪һһҹ
ڳĳ༫ȵöᣬſŵģϱŵģҲ÷˺˾˵ʤȥˡ
ĴУԨҲȵͷ
ɨС
뿴ʼղڡ
ûĵСꡣǵȥҡ
ԨվͷѡС
С
Ԩҡҡλǰ
òСڸˮ˯
ϣͷ
Ԩ˺ܶ࣬Ц̤
һȥ̫ͳ£ŻСˮеҶ£ֻݡ
ԱߵСϣûС
ҲûС
ͷûС
ԨЦ⽩ǣ˵š
ʱĶŴ򿪵˲䣬һ˾סĳϢ
˽¿˼żЦýӲҲЩ
СҶ档
Ҹϲġ
˴ڡ齵С䣬ٵҡ
һˡ
һˡ
Ԩ٣Ϻɫķģӵա
ɫȾѪ졣
ڣڣﶼڡ
˱ۣ޷ҲĿռţһȥ¡
ټ£ֻз˲С䡣
ҲûϢ
ƹȣ
Ԩȥĵطһһ˹ȥ
ûС
ʼûС
Ԩ𲽴أԼ
˿ơ
ԣ˿ơ
עȥ֪˿һλá
˿һ޷֪
ԨؿڷŻֵĵطȻһۡ
С
ˡ
л˵
ָ~
ǿղһרŶ֪~
һٸ~


24 
ɲǺ, ˮ·õľۡ
ֽ꣬һ㱡ˮ鿴ǺϺߣٶҲ˲ֺ
ֻˡˮʵ̫С, ýһݵ¡
ںв֪Ư˶ãѾΣʶƤСһ
, ǰɫƺб䶯Ҳƺûб䶯
ˮвŽһڣĵǷ˯, Ц
˯˯, ҿɲŰ|ꡣ
Ȼˡô˵, ǹǰ·, ȺǺҪѵʱöࡣ˯ɡ
˵˯˯š
ˮ, ּһֱ˯ȥġ
겻òѻŮغΣڻ, ˯ذ, ҲڼЩȥ
ι, , ѡ
γӣ˯ϵֵ̰צҡȥ
ڱˡ
, ۾
ⲻ˯л
̲ס㵽жȱ
գգ۾, û˼졣
һֱȱ
ʱõĵط˯ȥͷһ, ˮ˯ˡ
Ǹ顣

ִΧǰɫĶͬ
һ峺ĺ, ̰ϸɳʯӣаɫȸڵ̰׽ԡ
һĴԶܿƬ͵ģȴǲݵصķ顣
лЩ͵ˣſţгš
Զһһ䣬ݶƮỤ̃źԶֶ˼
ĶˮӡԼˮɫѣΪƽﶼɫġ
Ҳûء
˵һ·һǳءǡиңġȻҲʲôöᡣ
Ŷһ
ûô̫ˣֺ̫뻵ǸƭӦ߾ͲʳԵģǺˣ˵ģ͸ǻˡ
ˣҲá
ҪΪ˳ǣ걧ֱָۣ߳һأͷʡ
Ҳ֪
޵˽⣬Ҳˡ
ûκĿ֮ǰǣΨһѡ˰ɡ
һҿܲзӡܵ
С˵
ȻϣãȻûа飬û÷ǡҪİɡ
˸СŴ´
ⲻܣӦǡݡ
ûϾ⼸꣬ٵÿҴ֪ģĻаֻҪҵԭ飬ݻر壬͸ǿԵġ
һԶڳ༫õϢҪ׼öࡣ
ԣȻɡ
Ҹô죿
ָ°ͣһ嶼Լ塣׳ˣ˳ûС׳ɵꡣ
ָоȪͱˡ
Ŵ̲ס룬׳ѹʱǺҶϣůů⣬ǻѪԨ
վһԾ˯ѡ
ֻԨ
һ֪Ҳһ
ȻˣҽЩȥʡڴ֮ǰĻ
ԥƬ̣һ
ǰָ̧һԼʳֱָָ̧ӵֵֵǰæۡ
һ̣һɵѪƤĨ
ˡջָۿƤ϶һĨɫ
ۡĨѪѾ̥һĴڣ۽Ǵĺ졣
ʲôеֱۡΪĹϵΣֻգգۣЩڡ
ҵѪǸö˵ҪȥһЩ飬ҽǼһ㡣ʱ򡭡
û˵ֺ꣬Ȼءסһ
ֻϰ̧ȥԼβͣû
ֻͷȥԼβ͡
ʲô
ԼĶβʧˡ
ʧˣ
ûβ͵Сԭתͼ׷Լβ͡
꿴̿Цø⡣
꣬ǸȤıꡣ
ֱЦˣֻǲͣԼβͣҲŵظ˵
ҵĶ䣬βͣˣ
ӻԼβͶɶһֱȻ֮ʧˣޱȡ
ʲôҵѪá
ѵúĽ˾䡣
ôϲ壬㶥ŶβͽȥŲǰſţžͱץס͵ȥ
ԣŲԼβ͡
ֻǺȻЩϰߡϰĶβˡ
ʧֻǡ۷׷ʵ
Ϊ۷ܿôˣмСƽϡ
˵ְĶˡϲԼβ͵ġ
ϲβëëҡεʱ
ԼϢʱ򣬾Ϳüˡ
˾䡣
ʵصллл㣬С㡣
ҰҰ졣УɣҲв˶ˡ
Ҫʲôġִ󷽵İԼҴ򿪣ԼѡҪġ
вٸ߽׷ԨеġƽﲻãҲ֪Щʲô
һ⸬˻ΣҪ
С⸬ͦóԵġܵһ㣬ζ
⸬УΡʱץʱʲôûУܸľȻֻԼѪ
ʵҲ㹻һĨѪڣ˵֣иĵӡ
ҾͲȥˡˡЩ£㡣
ѵؿ֡
ֶ
һ仰޲ɢ֮ϯ
Щѹġ
뿪༫ʶĵһˡҲһڶѨΪˡ
á
ˮطŲˣϦ£ůҫũʹ̡
վţ˭Ҳû˵˭Ҳûж
ɤӣŶ
Ŷ
ͷ³֣أ
Ȼ¶һ㻵Ц̧صԴһѡ
仰㡣֮ǰǧƭβͶˡ
´μ棬ٸҵ֡
ôһѣɴطУ˫ٴλīɫβƬˮҫ財
ֳĬضڶˮϡ
紵޽ǵķ˿ɵҡ
ַȻǱƭǸƻ㡣
ԭغܾúܾá
Ǹһκһˡ
˵ġ
ţСͦõġûĿĵĻȳǣȥС档
̧Ƥ
һĨѪɫ֬Ҫƽ׸ɫһ˿ұ
˺ܾãӵķ綼ñ䣬վ
˰ɡ
ֱַһ·Ŷˮӵĵ̰һ·ߡ
һ·ķ羰ͳ༫ͬ
ũᣬɽһһġ
ֻкԶһһпɽ
һ£ջߡ
ߡ
˲ʱΧѾûũˡЩֵǰôҲǳء
˵һǳظǺͳ༫İɣĴڣĮ̇źԶԶܿüǡ
˳źķ˺þãҲֻɽ
ԭء
ôһĹ򣬲ԶŲٵأȴӯ
ۺ׾Ͳ׽һ﷭һˣ
һѿ࣬ɫͷһ첹Ķñ
κСҪСһȦ
ͷֱײȻߵ֣񣬶ֱӳ˹
ַֿûתǰˣֻһˡ
ҡԥ¡
ôС
ǻὣġ
¡
ԼľվԭأС
СҪ˵ҲҪʲôǼܹ֣һֱ̣ӲֵļĺС
ף
ֵͷ
ԼУС˲䣬һ
̧֡
һ龧Ө͸ӡ
ǡһμ棬İС
ˣѽ
ֺܸˡ
Цۣ֣͸Ϧɫ·ůɫ
ÿ
һůˡ
ͬʱţԭͳ༫ȫͬ˵һμ棬²˵²ӣġ
С㶼һĨѪ
ˣǲҲҪ
⸬һޣԼҪһ޳ԣһޡ⻹зֽһЩʶķ
ֻڶأֻԶŲӰ˵أҴҵأŷǳ
̧ȥ
ڸһ·дġ
вˣЩġѰķˡ
ŽŲҲġ
վԭûջߣʼͷԼĽҡ
ôˣĻҲҪһͻȥġ
ʲôأ
ڿأˮһͷС
СǱδˮֵ߬󣬳ܡ
Сŭ䲻
Ǳɵ𣿣վԭصأ
һͺۣԲᳬʮꡣ
ֱôһСקܣҲûпܡ
ϾǸС
ֻǶԷ˵˵ɵӣЩ˵ġ
ҲǣǱɵӡ
ޣûһɵԭأץ㣬ʬģ
ʬ
ַСܵ÷ɿ죬ҲŬܸСĽŲ
ǵĶߴ
ˣոС˵վԭص
ǡ
ûأֺȻ֣Ŀ

֪ӺʱһȺֵɷ׷ǵ
ɤƴʲô
塣
ǡ׷ϣ׷ɱ
СƵģקּҴܣǰľݵطٱ任ģ۾ˡ
Ҳû
ܸ֪Щ˵ĶǰСԵľͺܰȫˡ
ᣬˡ
ǸС
СŰһ㣬ȴرܡɽﲻϴ
ˣЩʼ׷ᡣ
ˣЩлЩ
ӳ˲ٴķڣһ·׷
ֱקûͳңò͡СӦ죬˶ǻֵģקɾͶȥ
һ·СקܣòϣСıǿӦҲܿ졣
ΪơҲܸϽŲˡ
Ҫô׷𣿡
̫䡣Ѿּ䰵˲١˱׷ãСȻӦ죬Ͳϡ
лһ䡣
ʲô
ʵǣΪʲôҪץһܣ
Сû˵¶˶٣ͷȥ
Щ׷ᣬˣлˡ
֪˻ȥš
ЩΧֻܾ·һˡ
۵ı
Сһֵ߬
ܣ
ק֣һ񱼡
ֺôȫ㹻СĺֻǺ˵㡣
ȫ̶Сп
ʲôˣΪʲô׷׷ң
ΪʲôҪأ
Сͷ񱼣һֶûлش
ʱǴǸűһɽ
Сҧءܵ·ˡ
Ҳø졭
ַСĽŲࡣ
ɽû·С꣬ɽݵǸȥ
ַ֣ԴСɽ׷Ⱥ˽ŲԳٻ
ǵɽ£Щһֱǻǰ
ߡСˣһѣ˵ߵׯſڣȻҪͣ
ׯ
ûҲСߡ
ߵ˰ɽǱŵĵطˡһ·ֲ֮ŷԭڰɽһɽׯ
ž޴ĻſʯأΧŲٻݡ
Сקߵ£
Ҳģ¡
˶£ҪСȴһͷ·
ûãѾӰֵһˡ
ЩʼǻɽУûпҲû뿪
СͷݺݴԼֱһơ
һƸɴֱͨ졣
һؿС
˵ʵ·ͻȻںӱ߱˿ӣٵСһ·ק񱼡ûи㶮ʲô
¡
Ҳûʡûʲô߱һеķ˵档
ǿԱܵġ
ֱϥ룬һСõˣʵ׷ʲôɡ
֪˶ãӰٳٲȥ
ۿˣ¶ȽӽóС̺ӣСһ
Сؿ֣еĽң˰죬ͷȥӹС̺ӣԼˣԲ
ֹС̺ӿС˯Ƭ̡
ˮ˯ʱ㹻ҲСƬ̡
ֲһ΢Ĳ
Զ
˵ǿгһΣգֻߡвС
ʱۣСֱ̺ˡ
һ̣͵֮ʣ
ⳡּֿ̼ͽɽҰڴ֮С
ټĻҲڵˮ
С˲ʱͱܵظϽС̺ӡ
ֲϲ졣뿪Ǻӵʱ𣬾͸ϲˡ
С̺ӹԼǿû͸
̲ס룬ҪСڵĻͺˡָһѾȫ͸
ÿϧᡣҪôѧأ
֪˶ãûмֺȻһ͡
΢ĸоʲôˡ
ַС̺ӣһ˫ֱǰ
ˮͷ˵ɽׯţʪģɸɾŵıƺ˵ĽŲ
ľʯصգ࣬нࡣ
Ѿڸ
ַ֣СҲ߬С̺ӣŵָģˡ
ɽ֮еӰǳŹ˴꣬ʱȴҼӲţӰζţҴߡ
֨һ
ɽׯƬȱ򿪡
ͣˡ
ľĳ㣬һʪİ£һ׵Ҷںڳɢڱ
һһؿ˵ݡ
ݡ壬һűסߡòϡܿһƺۡ
ɨǰĿͣϡ
֪ΪΣ΢ΣոС̲סĬĬС̺Ӿס۾
գա
ľʯϵ࣬Զ
ֵͣߡ
ȻǸСᱻų
ͳֶͬʱһֻסֵĺ
Լоڵĺһֳˡ
˵Ŵ˵ȥһθ֪˺
䶶˶㣬ɣ޴ɶ㡣
ҡ
ֲ
ǰ˺ΣաΣպΣա
ףȻǡ˵ƤһĨ֬ϡƺЦˡ
Ȥúܡ
һԣҲҶ
ƺ鲻ջ˶񣬴µСһ
ԭεðʧ߰ɡ
Ѿ׼ߣСȴ̹ڵϡ
ɽɽȾҶˣǾô뿪Щɽ£һɱǵģ
ɽ˺ϾС
ŶΪҪǣ
Сһҧָ֡
ҰָɽΪūΪ͡
ֵˣҵԼ
ں˵ʲôƾʲôΪ֣
ΪūΪͣһ͸˵Ĵʡ
еͣûм֡
ͷȥǿӡ
ˡ˲Ѻõġġ
һӾҪСǸˡ
С
ûͳǿӣС˵ǸġܣɽһҰָɽɽһܵġ
ӵһ١
ܲ⣬ͷС
˵Ǳģڮ˵ĻҲס¡
һʱЩãȻ
ûмˡȻָȻ񱼡֪Ϊʲô׷֪ΪʲôҲ֪Ϊʲôֻ
СǺûǻֱ治ˡ
ֳĬš
ֱ治˵ʱ򣬾Ͷ࿴Űɡ
۾ƭģöˣͶˡ
СС͡
ɽƺǵЦЦ
Ҳôһ仰δ˵ġ
ز˲
ͦȤСһɣáȤͥԺӵװΡ
һͦɽׯǰԺȶöࡣ
ټɽׯƺֻɽһס
ɽƺָСѧġ
ɽǽ
ɽׯŵ˲䣬ˡ
ˡҹɫһ⣬ɽׯﻨ㣬ů
ֻڲ죬˴˸Ƿذ쵽ͥһɽأָһ㣬Сֱ˽ȥ
ϴɾЩ
Сˤһԣ̧Ĩһϵˮ
ɽ֡
ֽŵ߬ڡҲҪӳȥ
ȥ
һָ᷿⣬˹ȥ
᷿һܴʯأֱһɺģĳˮڣˮʱͰѿյʯ
ְԼϴøɸɾһɫѣʪͷ˸С裬ųȥ
Щŵġ
ɽºͣǹΣվУʼŨ
Ҳ֪Ρ
ʱɽСѾϴ˸ɾһɫĲ¡
û˶ñ˼Ȧ⣬ֿС
ʮģð׾Ҳһ˫Ư۾ֻʱСģ̫Զ
СŤͷȥ
Ҳ֪òô
ͷϵˮ顣
ͥ˸ʯ¡
Ǹڵһˡ߲ǣⱻСܵ
ֱҲûŪ׷ʲôֻ֪øϽ뿪źá
Ҳ˵һʲôоλɽš
飬ҡ
Сߵֵĸǰ̯֣ĮҪ
ֲͷĶһ㶣ͷǰС
飿
ǲǸںӱ͸ģ
ԭͳȥĶҪֵһ֪
ԽĿˡ
͵ĶҪȥǡ𣿡
Ҳ̰Щ˼ܸˡ˸ϡﱾ⡣
ЩˡֻصΪǱϷˣһ㡣
СĬˣһȫµĿֻ֡ľջˡ
С˾䡣
Ĺˡ
ֺС
ɽһһɫѣԸǰͥԺɨɾݽˮľ棬ϴذ塣
СǸɴ࣬˸ˮͰϴ˸Ӿȥ
ֲΪʲôҪ˴ɨͥԺЩǸɽȽ֮£СȻ޳ǸֵļһûΣոС
Ҳ˸֪⡣
ΪʲôҲקȫѽ
ҪȥǣҪȥȴŶûקɽ
СһΪūΪͣҪϴϴˡ
ʵ̫ϲϴϴЩֻմˮʪġ
С̾˿˦ˮͰָ̧ͥԺ˸Ȧ
֪𣿡
ֹҡͷ
С˶٣һ⣺֪ʲô𣿡
ֱųʵҡͷ
Сˡ
óǰֵŮȱʶ
Ѿܱ׹ƭĵز
Сľ̨ࡣ
û£ǿһ
顭ʲôҲҪ֪صϡ
Сֹ˾䣬ɤӡ
ԺҪദķϣҿԸ㡣
СԳСۣ֮Ǹ顣һű飬˷֣һ·׷ɱҪɱ˶ᱦ
ʱ֣С۲Щ˵ע⡣û뵽ԭ飬δ뿪ǸòŮıЩץº롣
ŷӦʲôƣһμһݺ
һνӴʲôϲ⡣һϡ
С۵ߣһ
Сۺߺ˵һʱקˡ
ǿԼ֤Լһˡ
ҲС£֪ôˣСǺǻҲ֪ˡ
ֻڵĵط

СۼģĬ£ת˻⡣
˵ΪӰɽ˴ӰɽׯӰɽס
Сᵽ˴˵ء
ׯӰɽ
ӰɽĴڣ˵ˣʿǡɽʵǿֻ֪ɽΣʮ󺵣ʮ걩꣬ʮսҡ
С˵⻰ʱ
ţ˵ͷô˵أɽʱֺΣյԤСȻǸҪԶ֮Ĵڡ
иôЩ˾Բ׷õһǡС̾˿ǿܻ
һС嵽һ

ɽֻǷԸǴɨͥԺѾǿˡžСɽһʱˣǳȥͰȫˡ
С˵գӣ֣ػǲӣ
ֽӹӣѡӡ
ڲϴûжپ飬šɣСۿƤֱֱӰ˳ȥȥԺݽˮ档
еģ
ָݽˮ·Ӳݣ棬һСض졣
ֹȷ־͸ɽׯĻľչˣС۾͸ϴϴ
˼ûı仯ʼůȸߴ
ֽСͥĻݣΥظܵ롣
˸ǷһһȦСԺľ̨ףˮͰȥˮ
͵
û͵Щ裬ҲЩ顣
֦˸
ܾãҲûмɽ
ʣûƣ롣
ֻҪˮ档
ׯ񻹲ѽ
ֺۣèһ׼˯
˯УֺȻоһϢԶ
һ֡Σա
ּǱܵۡ
۵ͬʱᵽһ嵭ĲҶϢ
ÿ콽ˮĲҶһִҩĲҶ΢΢࣬л͸嵭Ϣ
ֱ֦壬»˵ʱ˹ɵա
ľ
˵һʲôоֻоԼ󱳵Ƥˡ
ضԶźһµ˲ľ죬ɢɢ˹
˳ɻŵؿɡ
͵͵ץ˸š
ֵһ͵һαץŵֱɽ
ɽߵ£üС
͵
ֺ󱳽ɣЩִ١
ʵʵͷϴ
ˡ
Ǹٶȣܸɴࡣ
ɽֻҪɨһ۾֪ͥеĻݶˮӲݡ
õζ嵭ķҷ
ͥԺеĻݣԶ֮ǰïʢá
˳ֵĻҪܷ
Ŵƴ룬ܷôܷ
ǡ򣬴𣿡
ɽǰŵСΡΡ
˳ָñֱĽСƫͷȥһҿۡ
ֵ˺һûȵĵۡ
ֻ˵͵͵Цˡ
ЦúЦ˻ֵ̧ġ
ģһȦƣḲϡ
ָ˵㡣
ۣһ졣
ɽòһ˲ܿС
ǴЦһ˫۶գգãˡ
л˵
磬ܾ~
컹ָ~ǳԺúȺ~

Ԥġģ᳡
ûĵġ޵һ仰
ѽɣŵϣûĵʱɣһϲʣô֪ûģ
ѳŵʿùǺһ壬ֱӰɣɽ
ɽֵŴᣬչضɾҲѵλ
ֱקɣ嵽ɾǰ״
ʦ۸ң
ɣһ·ЦֱɾʱЩЦˡ
һǰ۸ѩ˫񣬶
ɣ屻˩ţͦε̬ƫ룬ȻҲͽ
ǲ˺á
ɾǰ޶ǱСüۺЦƫƫʱֻô赭дһۣЦգĮľƽ޶á
ɾѪӿŷ˭
ǴδΪοʱĻ᲻ȣ
ɣ룬¶һ̵Ц
ɣ壬ǸСѸ
ķ˰ǰľѵһ̡


25 
ׯǸֵĵط
ûı仯, ûʱĶתÿƿܿϵСȸߵͥԺʱűߵС档
С˵, ɽˣͻ뿪
ִȡһѷҪȥɨҳˡ
ͥԺ⽽ݣ, ʼɨ¥Ļҳ
ֻϴȥǻɽżȻ˳ƽúôɨ
ŷԽСԺŵ
, ׯֻɽһס, ĲȴլԺԶ
ҲɽȤ
ֲ
ǰǲˡͳ༫Ĳ¥ͬ¥, 鼸, Ҹ鶼ҵۡ˴, ռؿֻ㡣
һ飬ڶɽȥ
û, һƾͿ
ʱ, СҲˮͰӸϵˡ
ΪūΪ͵Сһһ, ֹȷĸɻ
÷鼮ɨ, Сۺϴذ塣
֮ԶڷҲǴ䣬ִ, ʱʱ̼̿סԼող˲ظ
СˮͰȥˮ, ְһСԲ, ŵʶȥöˡ
ɽ˵, ÿһҪȡѻҳɨɾҲ͵ÿһȡġ
ⶥ˵ЩѹŹˣָһֱЩҵϡҿӦ죬һס
ⱾһīɫķƤ鼹дšϹ
ӡģǶ
Ϥֻһֱѹŵļ䣬ַ㶣룬Ԩȥʱûǽˮ
ҷʲôһֻ͵С
ɽﺬЦ⣬֪ʱԣǶڷһΣɽϣлһ顣
ַ֣ľڵûдһ˫|
ĽֺϺкɫ·
û壬ɽѾ´ľ졣
ջߣЩȻű˵ĽſЩʧġ
͵ֱǱ飬Ͻɾ·ŻȥСͣǡⱾ뵽һЩ¡
ɽãǱ鿴С
ָ򦣬ۣŶϹһЩ¡ȤϹĹڣǧһοۡ
ҡҡͷǵġ
˵ǸɽҰСԼɽͷûУɽҰС첻ϣ͸˼ˡ

ɽԸ
ֻϵӣȥǱ顣
Ϲ
ַһҳ
ãʶֵġ
괺°䲼棬𣬷ϹߣԼɰΪеӿɽߡ
ôһ仰õ˳֪ݡ
Ǵߡ֪޽ޣޣûޡ
źİ
ϲģ̲סȥɽ
ɽۿŰСڳţȻûˣδ֪Ƶʣ
ʵʵͷ
Ŀȥڲ¥￴飬ûôƧݣУԨ
ҧ´֪ô뵽Ԩˡ
ڵԨس༫˰ɡ

Ϲĵһ棬ڵӶҪռһ˵Ůռɡռ檡ڵӿɽռˡ
ɽڽͣſ֡
ȻһãȻͣһġ
ɽЦ
ˣ㲻Ҫ˽Ķһҡ
ִ³һһ鼹ϣдšӽӼǡ
ַš
֪˶ãżȻ̧ɽ˯ˡ
˱ۿСӣ޺
ջߣš
ǲôŵġ
ڲĻƣɨұ顣
Ҳ֪ɽôʱ䣬˶þͻָ顣
һһ
Ҫżɽ֣ûС
һʼֻûмǡôһʣһʱͼо񣬱߼Դ
򵥵ɽμǣĳЩŵȤ£һЩǴŶĴ¡
ڣѾһܣڶܵ飬йеġ
һ飬û־ɽˡ
ɽѵվɢ߹еۡ
ľʲôö˷
ɨһֳۣ鼮һһӵֻС
ֽӶЩ飬ܿ춼ѵ°͡
Ҫסˡ
ֻ°͵ţɽٴһžһ£Դϡ
ֹӡ

ǲҸɽ
ɽŷ֣Сźһ飬Ѿҡҡ׹ˡ
Ц
治֪Сȥôġ㡭
Ļû˵
ֱһ飬˿ԵΣɽ˳ȷ˵һ
һᡣ
ַһҳסˣдǡʻࡣ
㶣̧ͷȥ
ɽɢؿԣĵشѡű顣
ɽⱾˡ̯ɽչʾǷ
Ŷ
ɽĻ˵Ȼͻ

뵽ˮ¶ѨýкͿ֦
ϰԵأ־͵ͷȥͽС
ٶɽЩĪȿֽвüһСͳһ֧֪˶Ŀ֦ʼ׼ˮʱֵ´Ц˳
СûҪõֽأ
ɽϾؿ֡
ֽʡֻȻȷǵġõֽʡŵҲûСɽﻭϰˡǰÿ֦СƬ
ɽǲЩϸ֦ĩڣ̧ץһױīֽ⣬зֽɰԼ̿
ؽմɰڷֽ϶鼮һһ¡
ڶѨﻭˡıѾ˳ָУ֮Եúࡣ
ɽ۲Ƭ̣Ѿһŷ
ǳ鼮ϵһģһ
֮ͬڣֻŷһޡ
һûκ
ɽջߣȻ֮˦뿪
㶿ȥıӰ
Ƣ졣
ͷ
ιһܣ֪ʲôǶС۳ŬŬ졣
ͬιظ
Ǳ˴ͨȴ
ɽ㳭飿
С˵Ѿﵽǰͷȥеᡣ
űЩ
šô֪࣬Ҫá
СۺȻɽǲ檣
ֵɴۡ
Ѿ֪ʲô˼ãܲõĴʡ
Щ
Ҳܣ
ϲЩ֡йޣй檣йس衣
Сȴü
ЩҶɽĲ飬˵ȲŵؼҪЩɽ㳭ѧ
ѧ֣Ȼǰһ
ɽǡΪͽɣ
ܣСնû˻ôͽܡ뱻
ֹӣתͷȥˡ
С
֮Ļᣬúץסˡ
СЩ۵ؿЩ飬ܿջߣһ˵ɽͽĴ㣬ԸԸһաҺ츳ġ
ִӦ
ã´ɽĻһʵġ
ʵҲ֪ɽҪΪͽ
Ȼɽһֿµˣиʦ᲻иѽ
һҡ
Ȼɽ˺ܾöû
ֳ档
һķһһųȥЩȤģ໭顣
ķһ𣬶ȸˡ
˷ᣬйģģ󷨵ġ
˽ѡ˹ڽ޵ġ
һѶСལü׽
ֳһ١
˵ܾû˰ɡ
ׯûʱĸҲûжתƣ֪Ϧ꣬Ҳûڳ༫ϰߡ
Ҫ͵ɡ
ɽֻ˵飬û˵óꡣʱ䳤ˣȥΪɡ
ִӽҵԼСལŽ˲
ͥƿֻм֦ϳȸҡΡ
ὣЩˡһΣʱϵĶʼ˳
ͬһ׽ػʮ顣
ԽԽ˳ԽԽн档
𽣡˶ų˲١

͵һͷſɽڲԶĴŴ
𽣣żŵءѾ֪˵ʲôǺˡһ͵Σζɽײ˸š
Ͳʺ͵ɡ
ɽ߹ƳеСལ
û͵һʱһ̧һ֧
׽һԡ
۾һ
֣

ͷһվĶ棬һԵģ
ֺøѽ̽õĸɸɾСལջϡ
ɽôᲦ˲ĽС
һϢֱһ̧˳ƶ
ˣвɺԣֵĶԣ۾ҪŽ⡭
ɽֱһֵֻĽ£زĽУελá
ֵĽԽԽ졣
һ˫գҲգɽе
һνһбϷȥ
ɽ˳ֵĽѹס
һ׽غ졣
߬Ž˷ܵؿɽ֪Լڵȴһۡ
ʵҪһġ
ʱ򣬻ܸ˰ɡ
ˡ
һ˫ֱضɽеĿûܺӣɽҲһ
һ
⽣Ҳ
ǿ佱˲ʱЦۣЦԣء
ɽ
ֳڴʣΪͽ𣿡
ͽܵĻ
ɽԣЦЩζ
ҲΪͽûʦͽ֡
ֵڴ˲ˡ
߬ŽգգۡŶûµġ
Сͽ츳
û֣ᡣ
ɽϾܾ
ðɡֵõЩܣǻáʵѾõܶˡеһκ˶ԽʱѾˡ
ֺܿʰԼСལװ
ȥ顣
ܻز
ʱҲϸһףһ߳һԼʱѧĽѾ˺öࡣ
С˵鳤ڷڻùһɹ̫
ϲɹ̫ͬСͥһľ壬ܷű౧鼮̯ľɹ
ֺСҲɹ̫
ͬǣСſʯ˯ͷȸһɹ̫˯
Ȼ֮䣬ָоķЩԡƽĺ㴺硣˶ҷ硣
۷ңСҲֱˣͬһ˫۽ŵؿ֡
˶ӣˡ
һɲׯˡ
ûɹˣϽŻز
һʱľô
֪Ϊκһ
֮ǰҲɽ飬飬һ轣
˵͸ϰɽǡǽ첻֪ΪĽŲ־Υؽˡ
Сۣô㹤֪ͷһܵȥˡ
Сǻܺˡ
ֱ飬ɽƴӹŴ
ɫһֵĸоֻǿ
ɽֱ߽ŵֱͦҿֻͷԼĽż⡣
ң
ɽͳʵ
룬ǽţݽӦò°ɣ
¡С˵˶٣ֲ˾䣬Щš
ɽôһ𰸣ƺЦ
Цǳ֮ʧ
ɽĿ£ص󣬽ŻϣһͷɽѾ˿ߡ
ʲô
͸ֻܿͥԺеǿ֦ͷһֻȸûС
־ɽҲ˰ɡС˾䣺ɽڷʲô
ɽһƻعͷ
ֿƬ̣Ц
ûзաǵ֪˿Ҫ߻ħҸ˰ˡ
߻ħ
ΣյĴʡ
־Ż߻ħ˶ͦʹģʵ˵˾䣺ϣջָ
ɽԣЦЦأԸ
˵գӴһֻСһţ䵽ɽС
ɽ⿴ˣ˹
ÿŷи֡
ѹסʣʲô
༫šɽ䣬ֻǰС˲ʱסԭء
۴֡
ָ顣
༫
ǳ༫
ԭɽͳ༫ʶʶ˭أ
Ԩ˵
ЩţҲ֪ԼڻЩʲô
༫ɽͳ༫𣿡
ɽʣͳ༫죿
ɽôһʣ
ͳ༫ĹϵԼŹţ··
ĬƬ̣ҡҡͷ̧ͷЦŶɽ˵졣
ɽֽӵУһ̣Żʧ
ȻͲҪʡ
Ƿʧָ䣬죬ͷ
Ŷ
йس༫ģʣȥ롣
Ҫϰߡ
*
ټĳ༫ѹ͵˸˵
ڣˡЩԨ鵽Сʧǰˡ
԰˾ƣüͷ÷ˣһ̴ݣ˾Ƶ澣Ѳߵĵӡ
һ
ڱĺüһɨЩˣ֪©һʯ
ʯֻÿ³֡ʱղˣԨȥʯܻûĵطĴѰ
ͬʱŴţ취һЩʱտֵܻһֻ
ܴκһܵ
ɨˣ̴˵һμȥ£űµ˻ȥ
檴ԼҪһЩʱֹɫ̫ãЩҲ䡣ֹ˵һСĻ÷˵檲ϸģðֹ±ġ

ԨȻЩʡСҪʲôУټĳ༫ҲŲȥ¡
ôô䣿
ϸ˵˵
Ԩ֪ԼСôġ
÷ԥ̾
ص̼ǵ檳༫ʱһμֹֹЦ⣬γ˯ɹ̫Ҳ檵÷԰ͣ濴Ժܶ鶼ܺ棬ҲЦŵ𡣡
һμֹʱκЦ⣬ü䵭˵ʲôƺȤȱȱʲô⡣
檿еֹ˶٣ֹ״̬Զǰ
Ԩ÷˵Ƕλ֮ǰ֡
ÿ˦Ĵβͣ˺ܵ˯һںҶȥ˯
ʱﱧŻʱץС߶߶ʱ򣬼һ˲䣬ЦۣЦӭ
Ԩ
Ԩ·Сں
ܡ
ֻЩͷ
ССˡ
Ԩ˱ۡ
˵˿ô⿪ġ
ɳƣٴʱֱ˾ơ
˾ƹǶԵòΡΡأ˿ѾỨҡͷ
صҲ֪
֮ǰ֮ǰȷҸ⿪˿ơҪ֪ûа֮µ֪ģһ̸ߵء
˾ˮһε£޵ö
ôŵ⿪˿ơ
ԨȫΪ֮
˿Ҫ⿪ֻ˾ϼҵ˿ԡ˵ıš
˾ƿ޵ؿ̱ڵء
ȻԨûκ֮ģ̧֡
˵ֱʶ
˻һ˾ŵûһ£޶޲ˡ
ֱѻʶҲ˵ѳ˻Σ˰ԵĹԿܻ
Ĳơ˾ưʶң˵
ǰЩӣз÷˽ȥһϡ÷˵ʱѪˡ
÷ɫ΢䡣
˾Ĩȥᣬ˵֪ģǿн⿪˵ķһܵɡƲӴ⣬ֻŴ£÷˻
÷Ѿ̾˿֪ΪΣֹҲʲôˣڱ۸ֹ
Ͼô˵ߵǷǵĿ࣬ŶٿĪ磬ֹˣǸ洿ĺӣ۸ˣǶ
˻˵Ԩͷϡ
С۸֮ܵȤ
Ҳ۸ǾԾԲġ
˵Ѿڱ󡭡۸ˣ
Ԩҧۣȥܡ
ڳ༫Ĵڣ˸ðŵķգȥ۸ĺ
˿÷Ѿ̯֣һѩɫ÷
һζֹ÷ѩ䡣ĿȻΪֹﰲꡣ
÷ϸֻ·ͻȻЩ⣬檱÷ѩ䷴ɡҪģʱֹﲢû¡
˿µһʶҲõۿһֹﵱʱ÷˻δ˵ֻ꣬̾˿
Ԩü۲֪÷ѩʲôġ
÷ɽϣҪ÷ѩ䣬ҲǸֵġ
÷ѩ÷ɽϵû˵ܽ⿪˿ơ̫͡
ԨĿ䵽˾ϡ
һΣ˾ƻˡƴҡͷ
ҪƱ硣һ÷ģһ
ԨЩֻҪһࡣ
̧֡
˾ҪһⶤԭزöɤӣҪƵǵò׾Ȼġ
Ϊջء
ԨޱĮ˵䣬˿ֱӹֱ˾ͷ­
ʱ䣬˾ƷؼС
˶̲סƿߡ
˵ȰԵ˲ϸ
ãԨջۣ۵Ѫɫ
˵˲ٶĻ
вͣ˵ѣߵǷǣ
Ƥ£öġ
˾̱ڵظã궼ȡ
ԨͷЦţЦüʶЦ۵ɱزס
㻹ɱñڣɱ
˵ôĵӡ
˾ģߣֻ˵ʲô˵괩Ŵ
Ԩۣ˾ƵļĬЩеС
ģŵģʼѻġ
ԨĿЩۡ۵޷͡
̧һֱӻ˾ơ
˾ˤԶء
Ѫء
Ƥӵ༫⡣ڳ༫Ū
Ԩɫ»صĮԸ
ɫ˾ϴǱô˾ϴ˵Ů
ȰŮȥԨɫĮֱ׷ꡣ
ǣˡɫ˶٣ʣǴ˼ʣ֮δ
ԨŲһ٣㿴Ű졣
¶Ű죬ɫôЩ£̲ס˾䣺м£
µһ䡣
ȥ
*
ֳ˺ܾõ飬õС۲֪䣬Ҳɽһ泭顣
С۳죬ֲųһСЦ
ֹӣ¸մīߺСۡ
ôˣǵסѽ
ֳɽߣ漰ķ
ʱ򿴵Ķˣζǰһһ̾
һ˯ƣ벻ùǷ죬ȥ飬Ҳǳ˲þͻ˯š
˯ѡС۶ȥˣӲˣŭ䲻ص֪ЩжжѵȻ˯
۾
һ϶·ܵϵƣ̤һִһ
·һ϶ãûа˯İģ·ҡҡλˡ
СۺһҲˣͷ顣
մīд˼֣ǰֿʼ
ֵס˯⣬ſڸ첲ϣ˲˯ˡ
˯һȹһķУǰһ¯ڼһֱš
ŲڷϹ·ȡǧݣ棬Ļ񵰣ʱͶ¯С
лһӣȤתתȥż¯һȣ¯˲ܸһء
¯ǰ롣
ţȻԼ˯ڡ
ûԼԴϱһġ
˲
泭С۲֪ܵȥˣģɽ
ɽһ飬Դá
ѾľˣȻӹԼͷС˵ɽôˡ
ץ͵ҲһˡִһʼĽŵڵҲˡ
ɽǰС
˯ѣ
̷еıʣ̧ͷɽ
ǲǣ˯˶
˵⻰ʱЩȻϾɽҲûκ޷Уʲôܶеġ
μ¯ܴ󣬺Ưǧݣ棬Ļĵ
ͬʱδɽɫ΢΢ı仯
ֵ򦣬۴ǰС
⡣
Ҳߣ㲻̫⡣
˵Щ˯ʱƣ롣
˿ֻҪ˯ţҾڻ󡭡ʲôʲôޡ
֪ƣһ
Ѿƣˡ˯ȴܷŹ
Դ
۵Ŷ
ȴɽ´Ц
Щޡ
һֶʱ;ˣգۿɽ
𣿣
ɽ׾ʹСϿҪ˳ſ˾䣬Уһǧ
Цۣһ̣ɽڲˣû޷أԼҹᱬ|
ֲЦݽǡ
|
Ͳ
ԭ˵ٺõģĴ
Ŵһȥ
Ǹ
ɽ֣˵ۣ岻ȣʶа
һ㶡岻ȣ
һ˵ԡݻر壿˵Ҫ׳ʡ
ǸˣǲǸƤĨѪġˮ壿
ɽʡ
ֵͷţǸСޡ
ɽζЦЦ
ˮ˵ݻرһӣ˵ʺϡ
ʺϡ
ֱˡΪԼ˳·ӡ
û뵽ûһʺϵģķ
ɽ֡
̧ͷ˵ġ
ġ
һκˣС
ɽԣ֣˵

л˵
컹ǴŶ~ǳԺúȺ~
СǣԵղһר֪Ŷ~
˳һԤաģ᳡
ûĵġ޵һ仰
ѽɣŵϣûĵʱɣһϲʣô֪ûģ
ѳŵʿùǺһ壬ֱӰɣɽ
ɽֵŴᣬչضɾҲѵλ
ֱקɣ嵽ɾǰ״
ʦ۸ң
ɣһ·ЦֱɾʱЩЦˡ
һǰ۸ѩ˫񣬶
ɣ屻˩ţͦε̬ƫ룬ȻҲͽ
ǲ˺á
ɾǰ޶ǱСüۺЦƫƫʱֻô赭дһۣЦգĮľƽ޶á
ɾѪӿŷ˭
ǴδΪοʱĻ᲻ȣ
ɣ룬¶һ̵Ц
ɣ壬ǸСѸ
ķ˰ǰľѵһ̡
-
ǺŶ~


26 
ֵܿص鼱
ԡ𣿡
µ˺þúþˡ
һֱ, εĶˣżƽﶼǻ, ȴгһյĳɹ
û뵽ôͻȻɽ˵ԡ

á
ɽҲ, ֱӴȥ˺ɽլԺ
һ·һ·Ʋס˷ܡ
ڣڿˣ壬ΣʱԾ, Ҳȥˡ
ɽ, Ĳͽ𣿡
ָɽ, һʵ
, ա
ɽδͷ, ΢ͳЩ
ʦԼȣպͽܡ
ЩϧСǺܴģҪкС굱ͽ, Ƕѽ
ԭûʦͽ֡
ɽլԺƽڵԺҪöࡣ
ҲռŵĶࡣ
ɽÿһնֵط
ոһա
ֵһƫƧС䡣
Ƕһͺܶû˶ưСݡ
Сͬû
ɽŶ롣
ֽɽȥ
˼Сġûˡ˵, , Ӱ˰ڷһЩСӡ
ɽ̤ͺ, ֱ۲ǰ
Сһ
˵գɽֱתȥˡ
Ҹ룿ֶŻ˵С, ӽͳķ
˳ɨɾɡڿôصĻҳܡ
ֻЩʱ佫СĻҳɨ, ʮСľӡ
ͬû, ۿ, һͿ
򿪺ǷŸӿķ
һһȡ
ÿһֵʱĸоŨ
ôţǶӡ
öǷģôķȫڻҵУѷưʽСݡ
ֽЩһһŵ£ڷŵ룬øɾ
汦ƵС䵶ЩǷķʽ
ֽЩͳͳ˳ҵһС롣
ɵģССģɫ
ֽϴɾС˲һɫС롣
һ֧С롣ɾǽӲӵһСģʵ̫ˡ
ɽҵС룿
ֲ̫ȷҲͱȰƴһ㣬ֻСɰͦɰģҲȱԷ밡
ǽС뱧ȥɽˡ
ɫС뱧ڻУִԼȥɽҪġ
ڿɽ˴磬ͷ߹˳ֽιʳʳӵСʱָо͸ˡ
Ȼڡ
ɽпһ䣬֣ӹС
ǽɫСУСŻɽУСߡ
ɽȥָۣСеһ£Сɫ
ɽֽСݸ
Ѫνȥ
ָֻ⣬Ѫ䡣
ɫСðڰ
ӿİð
֮䣬Щɢȥ
ֶС룬֪ǲԼĴܾŽϣǳǳĳһЩͼơ
Щͼ֮ϣɳിɫϸϸƵС롣
СϸСϱشİƣһꡣ
Ժˡ
һӣֺܿġ
һġһӡǣĶ
ǻ͵͵ֿĸˡ
ллɽ
С밮֡Ѿˣƽò룬ҲҪ⸬ССմһմζ
и֣Ǿ衣ɽֽ͵㵤ﲻܾ飬ͨת
ƶǶ
ֻҪǾ趼һĻȫҪôۡ
ǲо趼֪ʲôɽһ͸ˡ
ϵ޷ľͨΨһһʺ㣬㵤δָ֮ǰá
ֶʱеС롣
ı
۾أСڿԼĸα
̫ˣС룬ܾˣ
ɽһʹС롣
ѾιѪֺСֻͨӴС룬յһԼڣת˳
СһĳأҲСա
ͨһСˡ
ͦ򵥵ġ
еȸԾ޷ģգۿɽ
ҿԣһ𣿡
ȥɡɽ˸Ƿ̫
ɽľ죬գԶˡ
ֱС룬ѧɽ̸ģ۸֪ŵС롣
С𽥿ʼðڵͬʱ֮һȻСС
ֳС봦ܸо
ЩԾģɢġСУһ
СеַԼ֮ͨ
Żһ㣬Се룬ָ⡣
̧ڿϤķ
һʡ
ɫŤƬ̣͡
һ̣㣬ȸβˮκϸڶ
ͷۣ˺ܾá
˷һζҲ̫»չ֧˵
ƽ
ˡ
ֲδۣҧ´ÿģЦһϲá
Ԩ
ѿڶ
ۡЦ⻹ǡ
գգۡЦ⡣ЩҲɢ
ԭʱǵһʱ뵽Ԩ
־á
ĵһȴӲԨʼɡ
ֻƹķܶ࣬ΪһʼҪõܶѵķɻ
Ե谭һŷĺķѡ
˼ʱ
ֻССģ࣬漰ȡһСͿˡ
߼ķֻֽûԡ
ˣʱֻԼͷۻƣ뵽վȡ
С룬ɽǰ˵Ǿ仰ˡ
Ĺͷ
оܡ
Ҳضſ˵ͷ˯
˯
ʼմ˯ϰܲסͷ˯˯»
˹ЩʱգָоԼѾϤСˡ
һ־͸ҪѧϰҪԡ
飬˵Ļᡣ
ٴλصСѾֳ˺һ顣ǸרעģֻҲûз֣ϢͶ뵽С
ŵز
ߵԼλԣѡһ֮ǰĽף
ٿЩʱԾȻǰѾ֮ǰĽƲͬ
ȫһĸо
־Щٳһߡ
˵һγдĻҪӦֵöࡣ
ɽ֮ٳֺ֣С۾ȫעڲ
飬һһС㼯ӣ֧׽
һշ۵ſСϢƬ̡建Щȥ˸Сˮݽˮ
ɽׯĻݽˮݶЩӻݵľԽԽãֹȥˮʱеĻѾҡڻ֦ˡ
뵽Ļǡ
Ľˮ鿴ÿһ仨ݵ״
̫ͳӦɹ̫ɡϣǡ
*
ԨڸԵĻǽˮ
һʼ裬սˮôȥ
ֻЩϲôˣʼղϴ򿪻ˢˢ
Ԩڻÿζһۿɫĳ
ǽһ䡣
ڸһƵڻҲÿζۡ
֪ʲôʱЩԶ뿪ǰĶˮ
Ԩˮɨеÿһ仨
Ȼ᲻á᲻ЩΪʲôҪߣ
ԨôҲԸţԼߵġ
£Ǻӡ
۳Σյһ·ΪԶ
޷ܡҲԡ
źɫĳֵʱɲԸʱôشġ
Ц˵ûöԺиõĻָ
ǴԺҲûиκҪˡ
ԨʱĿڵĴʹԽԽǿ
ߺִʹͳ֣ǳ𽥳顣
Ԩһ³
Ŀڼʹ治ɫ£ЩֵֹĢǿҪӲݡ
ЩҪãʱ򡭡
*
һ˯ѣȻǲ˸ʲôΡ
оԼμʲôˡ
ߵߣǺͷ֦ͷȸߴߴ
ؿڣãȻ룬Լμʲôأ
벻ˡ
벻ˡգ
кöö¶ء
鼮ֻˡ
ʣһЩơϹ֣ɽġ
д鼮һ
ɽָһӣд鼮С
˽һ죬ֻ˵ʱ䣬вóһС
ٽ鼮űڷ롣
ɽŵưС
ֳ飬Ҳݽˮ棬СһɨͥԺ
Сʯϣͷա
һƶ䣬һɹС񡣻һı
С
ɽ֪ʱվھԶ

ڶɽءȻûʦͽ꣬УֶΣյɽʦˡ
ɽ
뿪ˡ
ɽ˵
һ㶡
ȻԼôġ
ֻһ⡣ɽׯ˺þúþá
õѾһСһˡ
ԭѾô˰в̶̼յĴ
ɽ¶һЦ
áش
ɽĬƬ̧̣֣˵˵ֻһСѧЩ㲻ʲôȥ󣬻Ҹȥӣ˱ӻţǺ¡
õġֹɵشӦ
֪ҸײġĿģһĿҲͦá
һţǸţֻǲϲޡһĵյͽܣȥǸģ㣬Ŷӻ㡣
ּסˣڽţһġ
ģ룬ԺҲҪŴˡҪһС
ͷٴδӦ
õġ
ɽĬˡ
֣˺һ
Ƭ̣̾˿
ȥɡ
һ䣬֣µضɽ
лɽ
ллıӻллָ㡣Ҳлл
ɫıͥԺ
ַԼѾǰɽˡ
еţ
ɽʲôʱ㣿
УɽһЦ
´Ե֮ʱ
ǰһڵģֻбֱɽׯŵһ·
ͣԭأƺ͸
ʲôҲ
ǳйһ񣬶תһߵŴ
Ŵ򿪡
һ̤
ɽűպϡ
ֻ˲䣬λԭصɽׯʧС
ʲôûС
գգۣȦеȵġͷࡣ
ûûµģ´ԵˣټɽСۡ
ڵ·Ҫߡ
͸ɽԶ
Ҫҵš
Ȼȥӡ
ȥ
л˵
߳һ
ɽ£Сʮ~
~٣ϼӸ~
Ǻ


27 
һߵˮʱ, ߣԽԽԶǵķҪߡ
ҵǳʱ, ףСǸûзе
ֻѡԭ¡
ǵĳҪȥҪǷ˻ʿʿ, ұߡ
ַأͦŽվࡣ
ֻ޼ļˡ棬ݣִֻ󷽷ʾˡ
Ǽʿ̲סֲĿ
һŮ, һ, ̽ⲻκΪ
ҪôǷ, ҪôΪĪ⡣
ǼʿԷİֵ˸߽ʿͿغǰ, 뵽ǰŶӡ
λˡ
ַָָԼ, ãȻǰ
ǰ
ͷȣȷǰʿĻ嶼û, 󱲶㲻ϰɡ
ֲ˼, ֪ʲôֻܺرʾ, ЩʿִҪ, ֮£ֻ˳˵˼ǰվ
ſڵ֣, Цرϣλӣöʯ
һ㶡
öʯ
ʲô, ûʯ
žȻҪǮģ
ΪʲôҪʯ
һ㶣ʿǰ, ȻҪǮ˼˼ˡǹء
Ƿأÿ, Ҳڷ˶ģиͣСӣż򵥣ϻһС¨ˡ
ӻͦ棬һֱֿ
ȻýǮġЩ²⣬ǰλСӰ˳ĸ㲻İɡʲô֪
ֱͦˣŴˡ
ѡ˳࣬Ҳ϶ӡ
һΪŪü˶Զԡ
Ƿ˵ûǾӱǼʯ
ɾʯҲȥˡ
ֻõû
ִӷһ߽ţض
˵ؾǡ
ͷӣľݣĶ˳
ŸϢ
ֺȻ뵽ĿģҪǵġ
ȥ֮ǰȳһǰɡ
ڽͷŽֵΡ
ҵģģŻߺҩġ
廨ţʲôУʲôûмġ
ֵģӵģ˼̻Ϣġ
ֿĿתһ·һ·ʳð̵Ųݱõ˵ˡ
ԭ˼ġ
ѹʯ궼ڳ䡣ĻҲϲֵط
˺óһ·ʼûҵǵġ
һ£Ӧû¼ҲϲġԳ£ܻҪ΢ѹһѹ
ȥҽŰɣ
ָոĿͷ֡Ŀѡ
ټһǣҪôҵأ
ּŽˣʣֻÿһ죬ǹĲ
һǽߣСĴΧˡ
ǳ༫ĵӻڳ༫ߣǽŵӣҲжǡҿͳ༫ӲģӦþͿˡ
ڽ۲˺ܾãҲûпһὣĮ̧°͵ĵģˡ
ܲܽŵӲжɣ
ԥ·ϵˣ󿴼һֺĴִСʣʣʿ
ִͷƯСǺܺƵĸָ㡣
ʿһ㶼ڶУĵط·ֱߣǰתȥ͵ˡ
ִͦģСһˣȥ˭
룬ҪȥʦǸȥҵ˾ʦˡ
ȥʦҲôִ˵ˡ
ִ̾СҲʿ
Цҡ֣ȻСʿҲȥˡԼȥɡ
Ŀִ뿪˳ִ˵Ļֱߣһת
խխת˹ȥҰһӿ
һĳأۼ˲ٵˡ
һ۾Ϳڴ˵Ķʿеܴ
˼ʿŴأܶڵһ鲼ϷһЩƤ⣬ֲҩ
еǰڷ˲С
ЩʿĿû˽
ֻһ
λãһСӣòƽƽӣϵģߺȡ
һһƣϺõëˣֻҪʮƷʯܻһ֧ë
߷ŸС¨ǰһŲ鲼첹ܶεģֻһ֧˵ë
ֳĬˡ
ëúѻë
·ʿһۡ
ӻŬ
ջߣڴڳʿͬʱʿڴ
һƯŮоκ
ǵжϺͳſڵʿһ
ҪôǷˣҪôǸ߽ʿ
˶ǰŮһ߽ʿ
ϾûһԱ֮Ůߵֵط
Ķʿֺÿڶˡ
ģһŻ˵Ůޡ
ʣ
Ů̧ɨ֡
ſھʽŵġ
˭
ʵʵ˵Ҵġ
Ůһ㶣¿֣ʵ˵ҪҵǴģȷ
ȷֵͷܸɴࡣɽġҪȥҴġ
Ůԥ£ʵ˵Ǿûɣ
ԣǽš
ȥǸëģöࡣ
ŮֱӰָ㵽ǸëӸǰȥ
ҲǶǸ˾䡣
ʣ
̧ͷɨ֡
ŶſǸǮģһǸƯС
ɽϣ˵Ӷųʮת߶ʮȥɡ
ַסַ·ߡ
ʮʮٶ
ּˡ
Ȼ׷˾䣺λģ֪𣿡
̧ͷɻظһ飺ŴģŴģ
ֵ˵ͷ
ӳһҲëˣ֣ȥҴʲô
ʵʵش𣺡ȥʦ
°ͱЩ΢
ſɲϲ
ˡӺȻ¶һЦ֣СûǮ
Ǯ⻹İʵˡЩεصͷ
ûС
ŵʯûС
Ȼûʲô
ʵ
ֵͷڽҡСĸΣҲݳʯģһŸ飬С۸ġȥֻһˮ
˿ƺ˾ƻġ
ְװˮĴƿ˳
ӽӹƿӿʲô󣬶ֺݺ̾˿
֪Щʲôʰ˵ϵëͲ
ֻɫëֱӸС
߰ɡ
һ㶣ȥ
㲻ҪʦҴȥ
±С¨
۾һԭӾǽŵӣ
ĿҲǺѡнŵӴŵĻܿȥʦˡȻʦѧ
ָӽ²ҪһظŲǿ׷ĽŲ΢һ㣬ͻῴ
ˣֵֻԽԽƫ
ųűʮ˶ʮ
ȫ̸ӵĽŲΧķ羰ͣڱ仯ΨһʼȽĲ
ڣӽͣˡ
Ҳһͣ
˵һɽš˵һСɽµɽš
ɽɽ嶼ûУԶԶǸӡ
ɽɽˮ߰˰һЩݡ
ˡ
˼°ָͣ㡣
˲ʱ̧ͷ
ЩƾɵƷϣԾƮݵ֡
š
ֲŷ֣ԭǾš
Ԣͦõģһһзǵɡ
ӱֱָۣ֣ʦţҪʺ򡣡
ֵһ֪أæɫ
̧ͷص˵ͷԺҾŵˡ
ǰߣָ߹ƷǰľɫֽȻͬ
Ρɽ絶ƵķԶԶžУɽµķݻһֻǶһЩոտӡ
߹ĳأһķݣţеǸɾҲûʲôˡ
ָСʣʣѽ
ţǸðʦˡ
ϻ˻ΣƽƽòСʧתǰģһòĿˡ

λ̧֮䣬һ裬ݸ֡
Ȼץһӵϣʾ¾裬ʦ
ֽӹ裬ȻıòʦֲŷӦ
Բۡ
ԭԭëģǴģ
ʦ
ȹϣ衣
ӽӹ裬̾Ϣ˰
ֻŵŶһȻɰͰ͵أЩأ˾䡣
ʦ
šӺ˲裬ַŵһߣʦѾˡԺҾŵӡ
ڣΪʦ֡
֡
ֵһΰʦЩţСϣЩԼʦôס
Уеߣͷʦʦ֡ʦʦǻٽʶ
ֵͷһ£о̫ԡ
еߣΪʲôʦʦ֣ƾһѽ
û˵ŴӦˡ
һΰʦһθʦ裬ʦȥԼѡһ䡣
ãȻɽת
ֿϸһŷмʮ䣬ǵԺʽ߰˰˴ţеýеԶ
ûסռ˾󲿷֡
ѡһܿ滨ľġ
Ҳǵһ䣬һ󵹷ͦģǿյ
ʲôûУҾӦеһûС
ͺͺġ
ִӽаԼС齰˳һűȥ֡
Ϳˡ
ҲҪġ
Ӻ󵹷ȥһʯȪˮϴֵʱڷ
ô˳
ֱҵʦ
һţʦʦʦֵˡ
ֻ̲סЦ˳
Ժһˡ
ǶԵȵģƽȵģͱһ
Сˡ
΢ϴһ£ֻһѡ
һڿյķ䲻֪ʲô룬ȥʦɡ
Ŀǰʦˡ
ֻص
ʦڡ
ͷоƿˮ
ˣû˵ֱӹ˹ָȥ
ⶫڲãҪ嵽βСоеΣա
㶫ˣ𣿡
΢΢ۡŴҡҡͷ
ԭ˾ƺ׶š
һˡ
ˡ
ʦֽˮⶫʦֻ㴦Ūٸá
ڵΪʦƺΪͷۣԴĬƬ̣ڿʲô
ʵʵذԼС˳
ҿС𡣡
ССȡ֡
ʦһ۾Ͷˡ
һԭˣҲܴպϡ
էȥϤΪʦΣ
ʦʵ
ֳ£ңҲ֪ʲô
룬׷˾䣺ʦ̴Ҫȥѧ𣿡
ʦǳĬˡ
˺һûסˡ
ԣϢһ磬Ϊʦһ
ڴصʦһ䡣
һɿ󡣡
峿־Ⱥǰˡ
ֹһʱ⸬ˣŵȵŹǷʦԺ
ƺڿԼĩ̾ͷ֣ŶԼһʱƣ˸Сͽܡ
ͽ
ĩ̾֡
ֹȥʱǵùأ˸
ʦ
ͽէһ죬Ϊʦͽһʽ
ֻǵʦ˵Ļ
ȥɿ𣿡
ǡ
ĩ̾·Լûһ˿Сͽܣְ̧ƯСͽܱ˸ԲС
Ϊʦȥ̯
ֱŸС¨ʦ
ãȻ룬ʽһ飬δ
ֻʦͽ߳Ʒһ˿ȻʦͽĲǰַӦ죬һδء
ʦȴۣһΡ
ʦ
һ
ֻ
һĺ꣬һ˫ϡ
һֻ
л˵
Ӹ~ǳԺúȺ~
~


28 
紵, Сϵֽš
ֽΪټΨһ
ֹϣָ䣬̧̫ͷ
ʦԱ, żڸλʦֽ͡
ͽΪʦ˸Сͽܣոռ, 㲻Ҫôף⺢ӻСᱻŵġ
ָмؿʦ
ǱάĸоǺġ
ʦֱֱۣǶ, ֡
ܸоλʦֵĴŵش, գۡ
λԺʦˡʦ־ֳ, Ǽˡǰɫ˵, Լʦֹϵ, ֮ΪԷ֡
ĽġΪûС
ˡ
ֻλʦ֣Щϲġ
Ϊǡ
Ŵ, Ĭȴʦֵķ
̧ͷʦغ, һֱͷ, ʯ
һ, ̧ͷ
е㺦µģ̧ͷû̧Ƥ, ߴţԼϡ
ʦϸƬ, ü
ʦ, ֲҪ, һֱҿô£
СУ֮ǰôģ
ʦֶԼۣ⡣СУǸϲ
˵ݾûеİɡԨǡ
ַ֣ԽԽѸԨһ׼ȷˡ
ʼ뷨ǶԵġһĨ⡣ֻǺʧˡ
ԼɫҲ
ûмˡ
ʦֱֱûʦϡ
ĩ̾ЦŸģͽ̫ˣ
˫šüͷ
ĩ̾⵷˵֣úܴ˵ʦ֣һţϯӶĽ¡ģ
־̾־ؿĶʦ֡
ϯӶ򲻹ˡʦ־Ȼô
ţʦһѡ
̿ڳЩСĺһʦ֡
˫Ťͷȥ죬üתͷš´β㡣
ʦ°ͣȱ˵ϻ˵¡Σ
ĩ̾һͽܵĿǾ֪ûˣɢɢţ˸Ƿ
ΪʦͽˣȻǽɲඡ
˫ԣֱָ˵֡
ҹ
ʶе㿹ܣȥʦ
ʦ°ͣȥɣʦҪ㿴
ʦֵ
ߵԺУ˫ָ֡
ֺ󣬼Լλʦ֣ͬһӯظǵϡ
Ȼͬʦֵᡣ
Ȫůġ
ʦջ֣һ
޷飬Щ鷳
ָϽױƵİԼСóٵʦǰΪ±񶨣е˵СԴģ
ѾСˡ±ʦ
ΪˣΪܱ˴˰ļˡ
ǧҪ
˫һۿģСʦеĻţصĵǡЩһ
ѵõأʶ
ţ
ʶԼ˵ʲô˫
ȴ˿С롣˵˺Ŀ϶Сܲ䵽Сһûб
Щʲô˫ʡ
ử󡭡һһš
ֲɵңԼСקȥׯ
һʼʲôᣬڲô飬ЩǼˡ
˫˫ֱۣ
ͦࡣЩ⡣
صȴʦָۣ˺ܾãʦֻһ֪ˣȥϢ
ֻһ䡣
Ҫʦȥ̯
ʦҲûȥ̯ˡ
Ϣ졣ʱ䣬ľ߿ϤϤΧĻ
ʦڼ
ֵķһոµġҲ֪ʲôʱ׼ġʦҲδ˵Щʲô
ʦƺæֺѼ
ʦĻƺ춼ȥֵʦȥ̯ˡ
̯
һ֧ëʮƷʯʦ̯ʯ
ãֽеһЩֽͷ˳
ԼķһԨķһ
һԼķȻǺһܶࡣ
ְЩֽţȥʦܲȥ̯Щʯ
ʦںԺժ߲ˡ
ԶԶţ⼸춼һ˳Էġ
ϾһĺꡣϲҶӲˡԿҶӲҪ
СѾװ˲ٵĲˡ
ĩ̾ϵĲɿԼյСͽ֡
ͽЩõȥ
С⼸Ϥ˺ܶطǻ֪
û˼ʦΪʦϤˣͷСȥһȦ
ƻһڶҵ˳
ܴܸɾɾþǺܾʹãֻ˴ɨ䳾
ְСŵ֣عͷ˲䣬ԼʦڳſڲԶ
ʦֱۣͷ̾Ϣ
һŪˣֿĿİʦʦ
ͽ㲻֪ûһΪʦ𣿡
ִͷҴˡ
ĩ̧̾ͷգëǺ
ĩ̾˹֡
ͽΪʦһЩҪġ
ִӳزŴǰ
ʦ˵ửʲôģʲôҪȥ롣Ǿġ
ĩ̾ǰߡͳμʱһĽŲƽȽʵټߣҪȥ׷
ұһλҪ졣
쵽ֲòܣһ·񱼣ǿ׷ʦĽŲ
һ·׷ɽϡ
ɽԶΡɽ˸ȷĸݡ
ɽƵĶ̤ͣвŷܰݳİĿİҲ߲ʵļѣȰߡ
ִҧǰԶʦıӰ
׷ȥ
δô۹
ÿһߵöŲȣģ̧ʱ֧ŲסԼҡҡλεء
ʦıƺǰתؿŲԶ
ҧأһ·ײײŬȥʦķ£
ò׷ʦִŴ۸˵ؿʦ
ʦվԭؿƬ̣ƺЩʧתǰߡ
ָоͷȱˮɿʵĽɬѹ
ҧ´׷ʦıӰ
ֱһޣſݵϣΪݳޡ
䵽Ƥϡ
ƣرۡ
׷ʦıӰ׷
ʦǸʧܡ
ͽ
ĩ̾صߣ־ǱСͽܡ
ϣΪʲô˵
촽˶ΪʦҪһҪϡϵĻʦͻʧɣǸ
 㵱ʱѾﵽ£Ϊʦͣµ㣬㿪ڣΪβ˵
һ㶣ˮģߣЩʦò
룬ʦͣ˼
ҧЩǱزȥʦ۾
֪˼ϸһ£ûȥϰߡ
ĩ֣̾ϵСͽ
Ϊʦĵһ£ѧ̹
¸Լʦʦⲻɳܡ
´μסܼģԸ֪𣿡
ȻЩǿվ󣬳Ĭŵ˵ͷ
ֻǡֻûϰߡ
Ͼǰûһôȥ˵ˡ磬ϰʲôԨ˵ɵԨһʱһˣ˵þ͸ˡ
ڳ༫ʮʱ䣬ѾʧȥһЩ
ʦ̸ĵһ¡
סˡ
ҲǺ֪ŵɽԽѹԽ첻ɽһأ͸֧Ųס
ʦ˵Ϸ嶥ѧɡ
ʦֻôһ죬֮ʦʦֺǺǻ˸ģС¨Ҫȥֹ̯Ҫʲô
̻ǡ
ʦʱ򣬿ԸҴ𣿡ʵС
ĩ̾пЦˣȻǸС̣û⣬Ϊʦʱ򣬸ǳԡ
ЦۣĿʦ뿪
һӣҵһֹС
ͷһôεصȴ
ȴḶ́˳ֽԺҰ˽ˮӲݣ֮óСϰշ
ֻڴûһͻ̧ͷԶ
뿪༫ĵһĿģǵġû뵽תתôһȦ
УѾǸˡ
ʦȥ˲ãһʱͻˡ
ԶԶɽŴСͽܣĩ̾Цҡҡͷ
ѵãС
Сͽǡ
ʦ֣С룬Qȥʦ
һʦͱһСֽ
ֽǸʽǡһ
ллʦ
۶ϲǵϢŵŵϢ
ǳϲãϢ
ĩ̾°͡
˵ոСͽܻͦȤ
һϢΪʦҪʽЩˡ
Ȼ
Ҳڴš
صУִһֻֽȡһҧһڣۡ
ڻζģ壬֥ͻ㡣
С˵Сϴ˸
̫õĶԶһЩ㣬ֺá
ǵС꣬ڶҪˡ
ʦһѡ
ֵĽװŵѣǹ䣬˯ʱӱ紵Ĺĵأһгĸо
ҵխ䡣һǰɫģɽׯﳤġһǳɫġ
ѡǳ
ģ͵ȺſڡʦҲˡһϱһС¨
̵ͷӽͰͣͳһС¨
ѧʦģڱϡ
һһСʦͽˣͬС¨ȥɽ
Ҫȥɿ
ʦ˵ˣҪһϺõĿʯȸĥһߡ
ʯǰûм
ɽ֮ŷ֣ԭпɽƽɽŻЩġҪɽĲʡ
ɽŵĿɽʦ˵żͽɿ󣬱Ͼ١
ڿɽϣָʦ󣬼ʦҿţһ㣬Ӷٶ֡
ɿǲġҲҪʦ̧ȡ˸Сⴸɽ£һʯͷ
ָ֣ѧȥһЩʯ
Сⴸ䣬䵽һʯ
ʦķһҲкüˡ
ĩ̾ţ㹻Ŵֻصɽš
ʶһµطŵĶҡ
о޴Ļ¯̨ǽϹŴССٵĹߡ
ּʦЩʯˢˢ̨̧ȥ
ʯ
ͳС룬תעʯ֮С
ʯöûзӦ
ٴһ¼ӳ֡
ʦֱһ࿴˻Ըעĵ㣬У㡣
һٴע롣
һΣ˲ʱʯ
̨ϣɫȻͬĿ
ĩ̾߿佱һͨͽúܺá
ֱЦۡ
ǵһҲ㲻õһҪǶ졣
ʦŵ¯УԸּȥա
žʯЩ̬Ĳͬټóڶ̨ϡ
ʦݸ˰Ѵӡ
Ŵӣؿȥ
⻹һֹߣ̽Ż˻ӡо΢
˵Ĺõٳ֣ûԼĺá
ΪʦһѴӡѴӵĵһҪ󣬾ΪʦҪ󡪡
ĩ֣̾˵
ǧ
л˵
˶Ϸִܣһֽһִӡ
ټӸŶ~



29 
ˡ
༫Ͽա
ɪ, ڰ̨ǰ̴ˣһüͷϿ򶫵ķ
ڶ𣿡
һɫߵ̨ǰ, Լͬǣ̾˿
̴ݱŵÿʱ򣬵Ĵβڶ
ɫüͷ, Ŷķ˺һתǵ
¶ãʯҲ֪ȥСδ뿪ȥĵطޡҵĵط, ˲һѰ, ô궼û
ɫЩĵŶͷҶ롣
̴ݺһ, ĬĬ
Ӱѵ, ͯϮ, С¡
ɫ˵
룺ȥɡֵطȥȥµһŭ֮°ǻˡϵȥ, Ӧò
ɫ÷ۡҪĲ, ǻơ

, µƵġ
Ե̫ͳ𻨰˯
ǲõͷҷ, Զһ󷨣˵ֻһ磬쵶, ˲֡
ˮǡˮײʯЩβ㡣
ԵСζǸɸɾ, ڷҡΡ
, һɫԨ, Сϡ
ֳ־ƺͷźһڽһơ
ʱһƾͿˡ
Ũľ硣
Ԩƣرۡ
Ƭ̣ӻͳһС
дһӰ顣
ԨָĦӰ顣
µģڻУֵ䱦
뿴
Щ̫ҿӰѾǧΣÿһ̵Ļ涼ǰ
̫ܿܡ
֪֪ŰƵָһ㡣
ӰĻٴγ֡
һٲڷץŻ§һٲ壬ѵüе
ͷϴǶ仨ʹ׹жŵ
󶨸ָЦϡ
Ԩļһһۡ
̧һƣͷȰա
ҲﶼҲ
Сʧʮˡ
أķ΢ı仯˵Ϣڵⶺ
Ԩüͷһş֮̌䣬Ʒ
ſڵɫ׼ǱɤӺɫҪ棡ͯϮƹأѾƽˣ
ɫû˵꣬һȫ˵ˡ
ͯյϢ˵иƯСרŸϹȥ飬ˣѾֹΪն༫ˣ
ɫ꣬ԼԴΡ
ۻ֮ʣſڣŨΣϢĵۿ

ɫоãæ˵Ǽٵģͯһȥͱ˷Գ༫
༫һֻô꣬ĵģһ㡣
ԨĬ
𣬸ôЩϢһ⣬ǼϢޡ
һҾʮꡣ
ƫʧˣûκһĺۼ
Сɽӳ༫뿪ܻߵ·ߣԨýһһΡ
һϢûС
ƾʧһ㡣
ɫԨɫ˵ϵ˺ܶŵĸ֣иިӵĽޣѰѰδʲôվҴûȥĵطֻҪިκֹĻ񣬻ϢشܵõЩ
ԨһҡһȣϻһźɫС˯һԲӣɰ
˿С
ԨƬ̧̣ץһȣհ档
óӰ飬ٴε㿪
ͷƮŻĺŮЦЦԲԲ
һǺβȹŮһǺɫС
Ԩŷֵ֣κһûȫμġ
·ǰһһԨҪһȥɹ̫
ɹ̫
Ԩȡ
ߺ󣬳༫⡣
ˣڰյ֮С
һ⡣ԨɫԸ
Ǹި⿪ӡΪҵˣһʮ˷忪ɽ
ɫһӹȺ޲Լλިӡ
һʮ˷壬ŴһǶˬ
ɫҲ֪ԼҵƱҪһСˡ

ǣȥިɡ
ͯǱߡ
Ԩһ䡣
ȥֻع
κ˴Сţƭ¡
*
૚૚
ڶҷ
ִխ£ϻΧһɫΧѣһСӣһڴĥСӡ
СѾˡ
ǧΣÿζҪעԼҹôڿҪˡ
ô˼¡
ٰѳεС
߽ǶĥнǣģֱҲĥԲոкܺá
־Сջ˼¡
ţ˳֡
һǸСϿϷ
ڴ֮ǰҪȥʦ֡
ΧѲ˲֣һСһ־С룬Сӵߡ
ӱߴмŲ
ֲСһڣæ˺ü¡
ԶԶأһȹŮӣںӱȹϴš
ʦ㡣
ܹȥͰк
ʦ㣬Ǹ̵ŮӣĸֵĴ߷һǣҲСȥ˯ϵ֡
ˣ
һ۾ͿеСӡ
ͱ˵ĴӲһֵĴһɫԵøɫ
ССģ˺
ˣȥʦ֣ˮ
Цеأʦһѡ
ˮҪüΡⶼʦ˺ˮһСϣĿ̷Ƕ׵ġ
ʦ˦˦ϵˮֻ˻֣ȥɣҵһҪݳݳ
ʦְѳӷԼѽ
һСʦȥʦ֡
ɣʦԺɹҩģϸ꿴ˣָָҩĵᡣ
Сʦɣһҩݡ
õġһڴӦˣССӷڵ̨ϣ·ʦҩġ
ϲӵʦ㲻ͬʦָϲҩݡж
ɹҩĵͬʱһ۾֪ʲôˡϾʦץҩġ
Ǿ綾ݡǾ綾ĵġ
ɹһҩģǱʦѾȡˮ
ˮһСƿڳʮƿ
ˮҪʦ߶ʦֵĿ²СʦֲóһմϡˮСϻ
ʦ͸õģϰ˼ʮΣ·
ȫעԼСһһóˮһ㻭
𽥳ͣһɽС
Ľ롣
Ȼ˸ɫ
һӲӵСӳֵС
ֿˡ֮ǰɫģϲôͻһֱӸӻñɫˣ
ʯҲڵɫɣ
̧ͷãȻؿԼʦ֡
ǳҲǰıŪü
ɿԸίСʦãǳĿһ
Сʦúŷ㷢ӳ
һ⻰ʱҲᴸӵɫˣؿʦ֣𣿡
ԡǳһҲûƭС̵飬еСʦúл츳ʦѧ
ֱͦţҲţ
ܶ࣬ڶѨС⿪Ȧ
˵С˵æ棬ô˶
ѣԾȥץһ߶߶˵˲ٻ˵ˣֱӸƤŶСŻغС
ſӻȥ
мˡʦÿ춼ȥʦֺڡ
ʦֻһ¯ߣʦֵ˵ҪѵҩȥǮǮҺڡ
ʦջҪƳ档Ӧûźܾá
ĿǰûмģǴʦСʦˡ
СʦǸޣܳ㣬ŵƸȥæܶǮ
ʦǸޡ
ʦʦʱһοʦʦʦʱҲǺܳ羴
֪һЩʦǺĽޣڲٵطáκؾվֻҪ֮ȥʲô޷赲
Ľĵ
ʦ£ҹ˯
һһ׵裬ֱ
Ĵʦô̫˵ġ
ʦһ¡һ־͸һϲ
һӲӵСӡ
Уĩ̾ɫĴӣ̲ס̧ס۾
Сͽⴸӡ桭¡
ɫĴӣݹȫҲҲһɡ
޷ԼСͽһС룬һС𴸵ĳڱǰ
ȫʦţߵˡ
ЩŤġǽɫˣ˳ˡ
С˵ʦÿ𣿡
ĩ֪̾ԼСͽܵëϸ۲һ¡
С𴸴ĥû㵽λҲרķһŷ
ϲǺÿ㲻ϲʲôÿĩ̾°ͣΪʦֻաʱǧˡ
ֵͷûס
ˡ
նʦҪʦַԸȥ԰ժˡժһӵĲ˸˳ֻ룬Ҫʲô⡣
ʦıһԵ޲ͷȥ
˫ȥʦ񣬸ϴͿˡ
Сʦûʲô󽲾ʦͽΧһ÷
ʦλſ
ֵȵһġزˡ
ҧſסˡ
ɫҶӲˣɫĲˣɫĲˣɫĲˣɫĲˡ
ȫǲˡ
С̧ͷһʦʦʦǡ
ʦ÷ʱȻ
ʦ÷ĿбӣԼġ
ʦֺʦͬˡǶûκηӦ
ִŰ׷
ֻز˰Ƕʦ𣿻˭첻⣿
֪
ǳ԰׷ɣܳԵˡ
ϳĬ˺ܾá
õһ׷Ҫһʱʦ᲻ط롣
ûʦʦ˫¿ӣһ
¿ӡ
ֻ֪仰˵һ˵ĻȫһӦǷ˿ӣ̧ͷʱŷ֣ʦǶġ
һ˫ֱ
ûֻز𣿡
죬˰
㲻أ֪˵
ʦͱˣǰȥ˵ʱ˵˵Ǻֻ⣬ûԲأ˵
ĩ̾ŪһҪСͽܣû뵽ͽȣ׵˼Сͽˣ̲סȰ͡
ôףСͽܻСһһľˡ
˫ûͣǼ˵ʦСʦ꣬еȷṆ̀Ǹһġ
֮ǰˣʲôûѧֻѧίԼ𣿡
ӣԲ𡣡
֪֪СҲǴġΪһӵزˣǴҶԡ˼ȥ˵ġ
˭֪һǸ˫ˣʲôǸʲôҪǸ
ֲֻ֪Ǽʦˣʶ֪ΪԼ⡣
죬Ȼر졣֪˵ʲô֪ôȥ
ĩ̾״̾˿
СͽΪʦѧ
˵Ǻ꣬Ҫġʦ㣬һܸܲ׼⡣
ʦһ࿴ЩĲ̣Ƕ֪Ϊһֻ˵ǾҪġ
ϵĹͷҪ¾λãֻܴؽӡ
ۿ϶۵ġ۹֮󣬲
ֵͷСظţǺֻ꣬ġҲء
̧ͷͰ͵ضʦ˵´Σ´ҿԳԵ𣿡
۵ر֡
ã´θСʦ׼һֻռֻԣǡ
ʦã´μסˣоίԼʱҪ˵
ǲˣ׽ˡ
ֿʦĻУۡ
סˡ
Ǵ£СϣҲҪĵϰߡ
ʮϰߡ
СʦĻ˵
Ҫֻġ
ܳԵġ
ַ֣ʦŶڰϰߡ
κС𣬶ڹȥʣҪ
ǻ֪С겻ϲʲôôţڣӿĿı
ϰ̫ˣõѾȻȻĵز͵
Ժӳݣʦι棬һ첻׼ǡ
ֺϲЩͷ
ãȥ˯
С˯֮䣬ʦʦƺ˷ܵ˵Щʲô
ۣ˸ԶԶʦʦǳɽȥ
ʦ㣬ʦ֣ʲô
ϵСܺ档
Сʦÿȥʦ㣡
ǵֽ֡
ȹ
ʦ㣡
ָʦʦǵŲ뿴Լλʦ㡣
ڴ
ʱʦسԶһ
ިʦ㣡
л˵
Ӹ~
~


30 
ʦ, ި
ʦʦԶԶĴʦ㡣
ɴһѣøľ, һѽʲôûС
ʦ㱾˺Ưַơ
ȥʦʱȴؽʦ㱧ס
Ƿˡµһ, ŵĳһʮ˷忪ɽ
ިһѹʦõļЦˬʡ
ܵɽ𺣣ҿ϶Ҫ, ʱǶһ, ÿٿٸСʦ͸񡣡
ʦŸ˵, һСʦá
ǸСĺ
ިŲ¿
Сʦأ
ʦ㺰, ż֡
ʦ
ڴؿĴʦ㡣
ʦΪ֮ġʦʦǾصġ
ʵȺĴʦ㡣
˫ǳķֱÿЩ, ýΪССʦ¶ʦ㿴
ިڿʦµСʦá
ƯƤһĨ֬ɫ, ǺѪ, Ķβ͡
䲻, Լʮꡣйġ
ިϵЦһ˲, ЦЦ
СʦãƯС, 񡣡
ʦԼĽȡһǡ
֮ǰʦ˵СʦǸС, ǵ͡
ʱרת˸, ȥһǡ
ֽӹ, ܳ
ллʦ㣡
ʦȻδı棬Ǵʦ֪ǵģ
һǣ˲ʲôġ
ިûס̧СʦõԴࡣ
ָͦá
ʦĹʦٴ
һҲûģץŶʦ˫
ֱʦ㱧ֱλã䳡кԶһء
սˣʦͶʦֵˡ
ͬԶĻʦ֣ʦֲԶӽͳһɡʦˡ
Ŀתض䳡ϡ
ʦνˡ
ǽʱƽƽ棬·Ǵʿһѵûʲô
ɵʦеĽ趯ʱסֻǽһ죬ӿ˲ɢ䳡Χľ׮
ֻһ˲¡
ǳĵɡѾȵڵס
ɡϣ
ôһ˲Ϣʦ̧ɡʱѾ˶ʦֵİν
ٿ䳡ʱʦֳһ޹޻ĽѾʹʦĽһ
˽ѸֻͣüĲӰͰ׹⣬λλӰֻײʱŵ૚
ο쵽ּ壬ֻܿ˽¼䳡ɵĴݲС
̶һʦͶʦֶ˽
ǽµ䳡ѾķѡΧľ׮ͬ١
ިŽشһˬ
ȻҪ۶֣ԼĶʦܡ
˫ļġ
ˣߣˮ
˫𽣡
ʦ㣬òֻһ㱡
ֻʱ֣΢΢Щ
ʹʦȽ泩졣
ʦһлصСԺʦҲ֪ʱģѾ׼˷µˮͽһ˵һˮ
һȺͽѵñȽȫһȦ
ި˴ãʲô£
ިأЩС鷳¡
ȴһҲԼ⼸Щˡ
˵˳ִԼĽӣȡٶϡ
˳ֵõģȥְɡ
˫ʼһ˴ѡһ
зݻƤǡ
ֵֵʱЩӵأִʦʦʦֶЩ˼Ǽ⣬˳һĹͷ
ллʦ㡣
ިһֱڹ۲ԼСʦá
ɣЩУС
¶һĨЦ֣һͷʲôãĥʹ
ިһѶ﷭ȥһŰ飬ݸ֡
ֽӹҪлͷȴЩΣòȰ顣
ĩ̴̾ȡ飬̧˸ͷһ¡
ŸоԼܺع
ިüǿŰ鿴˻ֿ֡
ֽӵһߣ°һʯͷ
ȥ档
ֽӹʱЩģãڵʯͷŲۡ
ллʦ㡣
Сʦýʲôʲôʱģިһһʣϲʦ𣿡
ҽ֣ǲöˣʱʮʮꣿҲܿһꡣʵʵ˵ǰʦġ
һ⣬۾Ĺâڲסģصһͷ
ϲ
ϲϲ
ԭһůģ˵ĸоȻûйʲôоž˵İɡ
һְġ
ɰިûס޶һֵԴĵʣ֮ǰǸ˭һСܳ±˵𣿡
⣬еĹⰵ˰
ЦЩǿ
ǰǰһһܺõġ˺ܾã޷Ԩһݶλû˵ǣһͬ顣һۿˣҵġͬ顣
Ҹкüʮ˰ɡ
ֵͷ
ʮ꣬絯ָһ˲
δԼ뿪ԨδԼԨߵ޻˵ĵز
˵˵ţЩĬˡ
ҲǵһʦԨɡ
ʵǸܺõˡҺһɹ̫ܿڰ
ֻǡ˺ܾãŰԼʱһ״ݳһҷ֣Һ߻ᴭۣ᲻뿴ˡ
һ⣬Ҳ˻
Ԩᵣ
ֲ²ǻġϾԨ鼸ʮꡣݵĿܲࡣ
ϾԨ˵ֻһ衣
һ޹ؽҪֿ衣
ʦģЦިЦ˵û˻ᵣҵġ
ިüͷ𣬱ͷȥƺ˾ʲô
ɫ֣֣ڡԭĵط֣
ն
ڳ༫Ѿܾúܾûиܵˡ˵þˣڳ༫ѾҪǸôȥ֡
ިȻˡ
ʦ㣬Ȳ˵Сʦˣǰʲôõˡ
Ͻ⣺ʦ㣬˵һô񣬲ҲæɡҪʲô
ި⿴֣ûвʱջߡ
ûʲôһʮûҵġ˵仰ʱިƺЩЦ
ǿ԰æһҵġЦţһʮ˷忪ɽƴҲҪʦ¡
ިȴһ˵ûˡ
ǳĸüûˣԼ
ǣһԼˡިϵЩ˵ЩЩˣҲҵģν
ԺսӣʡŵʯިɨԼʦʦãӽԺʦ½ʳһ˼ҡ
̫졣
ֻûӦͼʦʦʦǶû̫Ӧ
ĩֻ̾Ħ°ͣУǴΪʦҪȥ̯Щˡ
ԼõĹƳ棬ȥҲܴһЩ
˫ҲͷԼĽ
ʱȥЩ̨Ӯʯˡ
ȫʦŶԴʦĻԼûаָߺ棬ިһ˵˶ͬ⣬һϡ
Сͽĩ̾ԼСͽӽҪúøʦʦˡ
ʦż£ҪǴ죬ԼһѽӲӵСӡ
ڴڼ䣬ѧ˸ڻ
ǣֻش
˭֪ʦ⣬̾˿
СͽشʱҪʦ˵ԼӺߺ߶󡣡
ЩȻǼ⡣

һش𣺡ǣ
ɴһʦЦ
ë࣬д͸ģǸúӡ
ިҲֱЦظ˾䡣
ûǸúӡ
һɵСĺӣʲô²Ż᲻ܲˣվص硣
ȥ룬ҲҪ룬ԺҵСĽס
Ӵʦ֮𴲵ʱǰһʱ
ʦԴȥɽ
ɽ;зķһɽѹǰУһϤķ
ÿζֽŲȥĵز˼ΣҲѧʦ˵һˡ
ǻԵʦʦãިһĹȥǡƫƫ˵Сʦá
ԴҪвһķʽިѵö˼ģѶȣÿӦ
ģͿѹ
ǰިֶһĿ꣬ҪնһԶľ׮ܽһ
ڴ֮ǰʲôҪȥģն̡á
׶Σʦö࣬ҪӽһΣ겻˯
ֶԴûκĶ潣䳡ҹ
һˮʪֱۼ̧
֮ǰͬÿһλ裬Сһһգһһͳȥ
ÿεͳҪﵽļ¡
˸Ŵʦ궼ˮ̳ġ
һͷ˯ذ峿첻Էײײȥ
Ľ̫ϡɼЩۼҪնһԶľ׮ҸоĺԶ
ڼʦһˡ˵Ҫֲʧ½һƣҪȥɽһˡ
ڵȻǻ쵰һۺܸߣһ˿ȥܡʦ˵ġ
ިǰר֣һǣԴڼҹԹʱﲻһҪ󣬾Ͱƨɡ
ͷأ˫Ŀ͵ؿԼҴʦ㡣
ʦ㡭˵Цİɣ˵Цİɣ
Ǵʦⲻ˵ЦġĻᱻģ
Ŀʹʦὣ뿪󣬶˵𽣳䳡
ûһĺ껹ҪƨɣûУ
Բôһֻ˵ĺģ
ڴʦļ£ƴתͷѹ˺ܶࡣ
ֱڿڻ轣ʱɳһԶľ׮
ֻǻУδնϡˣҲֵԭرϲҪ˷ϲá
ʦŵʦʦ㶼Ǯˣֻа̯ʦ
ֵɽŴȥʦ
ʦС¨Ц۾䡣
ʦҽĽľ׮ˣ
ĩ̾죺ô죿
ȳϡ
Ͼ޷飬ȫһС롣
ϲصͷͷʦ˵
ҽһǧΡʦ˵Ҫնľ׮ġǸľ׮ðʦʲôʱ
˵뵽ʲô˵ʲô߼
ĩ̾ͽߣֺǺһһֽӲ硣

´ξˡ
˿ˣި˵ʱ

Цۡ
Ȼʲôҡҡͷ
ʦҪʦˣǻǷźööʯء
½ʳǮʦĿǰ״
⸬ԳԡҪ⻨Ǯġ
ʦǵ㣬ʵʵţ𣿡
ֵͷŴ֪ỨǮǱʦǵĸоĺܺѽ
һȣ͵͵Цˡ
ľ׮ȻﲻʦҪ󣬵Ƕĩ̾˵СͽܿԽһˡ
Сͽߣȥڿ󡣡
ĩ̾һ˵ѣк֡
𽣣ȥһͬ˵ѣֱΧΧѣڰȹڶ̵Ųӡ
С¨ﱳС𴸺Сⴸ
ȥɽڿˡ
ʦڿʲô
ָʦѾܹɵظʦĽŲܷĺʦʻ
Ľʡ
ĩֵ̾ǰѽ˵ƷҲȷټƷûн⣬ʡ
Щɡ
Ҫ´һ𣿡Щ᲻á
ӵһ˺ϻӽõľǶСལɽׯɽһСལٵʦŵ䳡һһһεϰҲСལ
ֽԽԽ
һµĽСལ
ĩֻ̾һСͽĽŲ֪Сͽ᲻á
롣
Բ
ѽҪһ
һûͷʦȥѡʯ
һ죬䵽Ҫԭʯ
ĩָ̾Ľȱ̫࣬һһӸ롮
ΪʦͽԼ
룬ʵʵ˵ͽ֪ʦͽĻ϶õġҡеԼԡʧܡ
ʲôʧܣĩ̾һЦСͽܵԴµľʧܡֻҪԳܵʱԳɹ
Ȼˣ˵ʦҪԼͽ
û⡣ĩ̾Ӧĸɴ࣬ʵҲɴࡣ
쵽ңһԲһָָôȥ졣ΰԭĽµõľʯһδ
ֿú档μġ
ҲһȥϤ̡
Ϥ˺üΣְγԼĶСལָһȥ
Сལõ̬ҲϣСལϲ
¯ӣóԼС𴸡
ͽʼ
㵱ॵأڶҴԼĽ
ĩ̾żһСͽܣƯСͷģͷţû֮ǰľ¿ɰ
úһСҪӴʼѧ
ĩ̲̾ס룬ãԼ¹ǿȻСȥ˽ţ֪ô
ڶ㵱УԼĽ˼¹
ȶСལС𴸵ǧ󣬱һǳǳİɫ
֮ǰڵСལһĽ⡣
ȥʦʦϸ£ص˵ͷ
ⲻǺܺˡ
ֱСལޱȵ㡣Լִġ
ҪȥԽ
һΣ䳡ϣһ
ƺ⣬
Զľ׮֮䣬ѳء
Ц¶һڰȥ˶ѵľ׮ޱϲ룬͵ȴʦˡ
ʦͿԸߴʦ㣬ˡ
С겻ñƨˣ
һ㣬ǰ΢ɢ˵㡣
꽣ͷյ˯
ɽŴĶԶ
ֱֻۣƾеϢųʦֻˡ
ʦԶԶͿ˯ϵ֣ӻͳһСֽ˹ȥ
һ̽סˡ
ǵ
ЦŸл
ллʦ֡
ǳıֱۿԼСʦãЩƽȡ
һ˳һӻ
ЦظʦַԼĳɹĽնľ׮ˣСལ´ˡˡ
ǳС߶óϲá
ʦأȥҩʲôȤ𣿡
ǳĴ˸Ƿ
Ȥ£Ŷ˵һ
༫ĵ֪ʲôļ⣬ʮ겻Ϸɺͳ䣬©
Ц⽩ϡ
죬ͷǰϡ
Ϣ
ţûϢϲġ
ԨܾúܾûϢˡ
ǳִ˸ǷҲȥˣǵҡ
Ŷ
Ŀʦֻȥͷ룬Ԩʲôʮꣿô֪
Ľҹģ
ֱڷ˸
ν޹
˯£ֻ˯оΥؿԨ
֮УԨƺ˵Щʲô
˵ʲôأ
Щ棬ֲȥ
˼أһϮͷ
˲侪֣־δʦɫãվ̧ͷ
Сʦá
ʦüһɫ
˵ڵĽնľ׮ˣ
ַãȻ˵һԶλãˡʦ֣ô𣿡
УҲ㹻ˡ
ǳĵ˵ͷԸȥɽҴʦ㡣
ͷ͵һ
ʦ㡭ôˣ򴽽ǣȻЩ¡
ǳĳĬƬ̣˾䡣
ڵ˵Ҷɾʦ㡭С
л˵
Сѳʮpanpan鰡εĻ2333
ϼӸ~


31 
ʲô׼, ֻԼõСལʹСһ
ǳ
һ뿪š
߳ɽţǳֱ̧ӳĽվڽϲ, Сʦûûѧ
ԭͶ󣿡
ȻҡһźɫСſʦֵļͷ
ǳļСʦץù, ҲٵֱС
ƽʦȥ򼸸£ꡣǶ֪ⲻûЩΣ֮¡ʦ㱨ϲ, Ҳװ֪Ͼ·ƽ̹, ۡ
β, Ϊ
ǳĵõϢг, ˴εҶɾ, ǵڴʿ
޷˻Ǿſɲ۸ġ
, ǰȥ, ҲҪ졣
ǳٶȺܿ, , ɵεۣһëëӭŷ类ҡ
ʦּ죬ֻ궼Ӳġ
ǳһӸ, ǰѼϵСʦҡ˺һҡԼ
ָϽΡ
˵ѾĹ
С򸽽ǵ, Ͼϰʿɡ⼸, ˷ʿ١
ǳ߳, 뵽ԼСʦãŤͷ
ҡ򲻿ɢ
Ҫɢˣɲġ
ֵ˵ͷʦֵ
ʦö˳Сűߣִܿ˵ڵľڡ
ɽ¾ۼһЩʿ
أûŷһۿȥЩСš
ǻڼҵĺɽŵĵʿִ
رһɾ˵Ƕһ𣿡
ҲǸаô˰£Ѱ˵£ǾΪ
ֺʦִӺ漷һ·һ·
ˡ
ʦ֮ǰ˵ڵ˲áһĸߡΪ˲ðա
˿һֻǴʦһ˽£µ˻кܶ࣬Сŵĵӡ
ǰ˲æžͰѻ˼˵ĵҶɾˡ˶С
Σʲôġ
üͷΪͬҲĴʦ㡣ֻǺʹʦ޵ദУ˵ʦǿǿǿĪԴʦΣڣסʦġ
ǰЩΪŵӶģ˵ٶ࣬ǵڵŵӲҶΪͷػ֡
ŵ£ֲЩ졣˵ˣ𣿻ûоͱң
˵شڵţ㲻ʲôţǱµСϺף޷ġ
һɽŵĵӶЩС֮ˣɼһߡ
ִһ⡣
קקʦֵӡ
˰æǸ߼С𣿡
ͱǾţʦ¼߸ˡ
ǳıֱһЦ
ȺȻĲ˳ʺ
Ǿǹġʲô¶ǮСŵеİæǮеĶû˵
ǳŴЩջ𣺡ʦϲЩˡҲǷУҲвֻû뵽ǻôɥĲֱӹһɾ
ʹı£һɾ֮Уôʹó
޷ѡ
ֻ̫ɾĴڣǴЩģĸһɲ˵ġһС磿
ڵǸӲȥҲûҪȥֹ۲˰죬СŵЩʿЩ봳ȥģκζЩԥʼվɽſڣֻţû˶֡
һȺų򡣡
ǳĶ˵ֱӴ򿪽óԼĽ
ʡ
һ
ǳֻ̧ӽһնϵɽҡ
һ£ڳ˶סˡ
ǵڵɵסˣЩҪֹСʿɵˡ
㡭˵ڵң
ʢʢ
ЩʿòʹʮϣӾϣʮͷǳĺʮ֣̫Сˡ
Щʿָǳ
ҵȲҪ˵㵹ãֱӻңŭ˵ڣǲϿɾŵӣ
ǳ𽣣Ҳܻ䣬ֱӵͷ˵
ʦֽ㡣ЩΪܵͣ⣬ϲ硣˶ô
ɨЩָǳʿûסӡ
ʦ֣㡣
ʲôǶԣǲǻһgǳĵǺ⣬֣ñſۣ𣿡
ֵͷ룬ˡ
ʵʦֵǲɵġԽԽЩ
ЩʿڵɽŵƤӶˣָǳ˰˵̴ˡ
ɽŵұһ룬Ƕŵơ
ǳľͺϾСʦ׼档
ڵϢɳһʿǰɽŴ
ԶԶģʮģĽʿȺһۿֺǳġ
̫ˡ
۵ṫӣһƯŮûĲţ˳ɻΪǷˡ
ЩʿУеʦԵøĪ⡣
ǽʿЦ˹֡
֪λķѣ
ǳ־ʿֽ̡
˽ΪڣﲻǵĲɵġ
ϸǽʿʵУֱֻ̫ܷ࣬ǰ˱ˣһ㡣
ǽʿЦȥˡ
ǰ꿴ΪȴܵΪ֤ʵֻ֮ϡ
ôʵȴԵڳ⣬Ѱ졣
ֱҵˣλ̫񣡵ڲӭ㣡
ǳ˵ҪǻӭֻҪǴ򿪵Ҷɾ
ʿȴǳģʡ
Ǻңо̫ҵھ׷ף
ֻڿ̬ķչأȴԼʦֱ֣ŬŬ졣
죬ǳϡ
ϣ
һͷˮ̧֡
ġ
ʿһǲǵṫС
һĽŨңҲ֮
˻һġ
ǾҪΣ
ֻڵʦֻشأȴʦֱֱۣȫ˵ģ˹ų°͡
ʾ
˵
ЩġûԹ˵ȾԲϲˣöˡҲܿҵԼ̬
ͷŴ
۸ˣ˶ɾʦ
ǴЩɵ˵ЩǽʿǸġ
ʿһЦ
ŵĶɾ⣬ԼرգǺ£Ȼ˳Ǿٵȸʮɡ
ǳĳô˼ʦá
˵ƭ˵ġɾһ붼ǺŵͨǶɾҹرգҪôǶɾڷ⣬Ҫôŵ˳⡣
ڵˣ㿴õʦֵ֡
ǳָƤϻǰָɽ崦
ĬĬͳԼС롣
һӵ׾ٿɽϵ顣
ȡ
ˡްɾ﷢⣬Ҳܴÿ
ǳ˽ۣǲϴ򿪣˵ǶɾҹرգǴֻǵڹΪ֮
ⷬ˵ڳ˶ˣͬҲǽʿ
ʿƤӶˣһ˦䣬һ˲Ϯ
ַӦѾܿ죬ûʦֿ죬ǳѾŲæɡֱӵֵȥ
ҲͰˣһһ
ˡϧ
ֺ֪Լʦ˵ɡʿŪˡ
ǳҲͷɡڵϵ˵㡣
㣬Ҫô򿪵ҶɾҪôֱɱˡ
ִδ˰ԵĻ֪ΪΣҲֱͦ˱Сͦţ°Ҳ̧һء
ϡ䣬־ԼеϤѧ
ûʱȥ˼⣬ΪʦֵĻ䣬ǽʿѾֱӶ
̳ԼСལ
еСУȡһӦԶݵĲ
Ҫ˶ˣһΣŲţֻҪóԼѧı£򲻹Ҳʦ֡
ָԼľʱȻסˡ
һӦȻǿʦ֡
ԼƣΪ֪ࡣ
ֵͷЦЦ
ѧ˺ܶడ
ȻǳûиԼСʦһֵĻᡣ
ǽʿ˲䣬һﵽһ룬ֱӴӰ׹䣬ݺ˵ϡ
ǽʿɽŵĵӣҲ̱ڵء
ǳһŵҩףһЦ
ʦǰôţǲ
˵սеĵҩݵֵУ˳ָ
޶𵤡Ҫֲãڿ֮УΧ޶Ϣһ޶ȻΪ綾
㿴Ǵ˽ΪȴֲȣĻ⡣һ޶𵤣Ѫת
һʦֽΣһ۲Ǽڵĵӡ
ӽʿɽŵĵӣһǿѪڵϷ
һʿܱһŵҩŵ
־̾ضеĵҩ
ôССһŵҩֵزⶨȻһǧ
ʦԷ¸ı
ˣȥҪʦȻǮ
ǳĻ֪ԼСʦѾǮУֱӴ󷽷Žʿߣֱ롣
ָʦֵ󣬲ʱЩСʿӵ
һֱʦֵ࣬ۿʦּ̧䣬ŵҩɳ󵫷·ĵɲˤڵأ
ʦö˿˵֮谭һ·ߵ˵ڵͥ
ʱ伸¶֪˸µڵӲˡ
ߵڵͥ⣬Ѿ˲ٸ߽ʿ
ʿΪ˵ھ󲿷ֵųϡ
һ⣬һͷӵģ
ֿ۾ջߡѾʦһΪģòҪȶԷϳһأǴΪͬʱԶ
ͺʦ֡
ѣһ·Ӳҵڣ֣˵ȥɡ
ǳĺǣࡣ
òڵ񣬺̬ȣõڳŭⱶ
ˣһ֪ʲôɣ߻һֻȻа
޹գգۡףС˵Ѫ˿Ķβͣô֣ߵ˶֪
Һôˣа
ֲ֪棬ʲô󣬹ʴҲûп
Դϱʦֺһ¡
ˣСʦãȥ
Ŷһȥֻܶһ䡣
֪ߣˣ
ǳ첻ԼЦ
˵Ĳʹڴ˵˺⡣ƫ˵ʿ㡣
Ǽ̧־һֱӳ
ֻΪʦֵɡû뵽ʦ־ǱֱۿšŻһ󷭣Сལһ
һǿվȣ»óһءҺҲʮַں֮ʱԸоԼϵĻ
ҧأ߬Сལ
һֻС룬ֵֵЩҪ
ֱʱǳĲų֣һֵĸǰ
Լʦ֣ЦЦͷ˵
°վֱӡ
߬С룬һֳֽվʦࡣ
ǳĽֱָЩʿ
ҲϻҪô򿪵ҶɾҪô
䣬յ˲ܲա
ֿˣקקʦֵӣС˵ʦ֣㻹ٿ
˵ôĻ˲죬˭˶ʦɲ⡣
ǳҲһ
ǹɵġ
͵ǰɡ
˵أڵĳɫЩ΢ı仯գһ䣬ֱ˵ʿߡ
һ̣еŤЩ˺ճ͡
üǳҲüս˽
̫ԣڲôΪˡ
תֻһš
ʿȥ֡
һԸһЩʿüִӿнӹš
һʿͷһЦ
󳩿ضǳĺֶˡ
λ༫á༫ĿˣֻСҪڴˣ
л˵
Ӹ~
~
~


32 
ǳĻͷһǱߡ˺ݻ, ׼һʱ򣬱ԼҲ԰ŵеСʦãӲҪ뿪
ֵʱ״̬ʮֲ, ЦȻҧŴԲ, קǳĵֻƵĿ⿴ӺߺƵġ
ʦ֣߰ɡ
, ǳľ֪Сʦõ״̬ܲԡ
ǳĵ, Щʿ䳰ȷ, ԼСʦþߡ
Ҫ, Ҳס
ֱ뿪ڼʮ, ֲ
ʦǣߣʲôÿǣȫſ롣
Ԩˡ
ʲô
͵ʶ
Ǹɾ, ǱĴʦ㡣Ϊĵֱ
ֲϣԨ, þƱúܸӡ, ֻ뾡ҵʦ㡣
, ûסԼ
ûϢѽôܡ
һгϢĺ꣬Ҫ󷽷к
һ, ͷ
ˣһûϢСɡûʲôá
ûϢС·ֱײһ, ۵Ŷڵϡ
ǳһ౧ֱЦ
عˣ׷㣿˻ˡ
ǳ̽ʣʲôˣ
ǳ׻عˡ
, ɿ, һӡӡ
һȦϴֲ·ĺۼ
գգۣ֪ôشʦֵ⡣
˵Ԩûûϣֻ־ôҴҶǺǱ
ҧŴ˵
׸Сʦ˺ܾõëǳһ֪Сʦõëַˡ
˵ʲô

ǳĹֹ֣һŵҩ
༫ִﶼˣССһɾ˻ˡ
ȥҸطס£ڵ»бʣǾ䡣
Ҳ֮ܲȴʱӦġ
ڸСûжٿջǳֱֵ˰֮ʳǡ
ʳһջ˽ţʱԼˡ
ڴߴۣǵڵʿЦ
Ԩ
²Ԩˣģνġֻ߱أ
еģ֧ȥԨ
ʱգ޷ԡ
ԨҪȥڣҪôܿڣȥ취ȴʦأ
ִһʱεۣ³һ
ѽоԼˣܴİ
⣬ѾҹĻ٣ҵƻͨ
ֿһƽ
ҪȥԨ뵽ֻңԼڳ䣬Ѿѧᰲˡ
ϲܰȫעԼ
ҲϲڵԼ
һҹֻǳǳ˯һʱ
峿ϴȥţʦ𴲡
ʦиϰǻƽҪкüεġ
ΪҲǣѾ˰Сʶʦſϰʱ׼û뵽ֿ̧ŻƬ̣žʹˡ
ǳѾϴ׵ѵõ𣬲Կû˯ѵķꡣ
ԼСʦãָ̧һǮȥЩŻ
ҲдӡרŸʦѡԵľӣ֭ӡڶ붹ֶػصջ
ͷʱڱ仯
ֳӣſڴʱһκܲ
ʵϲ
ڳ༫һʱ⡣
ŵڵķȥ
Ҳ֪Ԩ˵ûҲ֪û
ĬĬشߴ٣Ԩ뿪뿪ˣȥҴʦˡ
Сʦá
ǳţվſڳ°ͣߡ
ȥѽ
˳ʵ
ɽǳĸֽͣڻʮľ룬ģȺˡ
ǳĲ֪Сʦõı仯Ϊ˭СʦòϵˡΪˣǳľ·Ҳʲô鷳¡
̷ʰʦ֡
Ҷɾڵɽȥɽ϶ʦзˡ
ǳУʱԼҪѧзʽȻĻÿζʦʦļϡ
ëëܡ
˺һë˳ˣűΣʦֵ
ɽִֻܵɽš
ɽѾ󷨸ǣִɽʱܵɽ׹µѹ޷ʵǰ벽
ϸһ£Լʦŵɽ岻ͬԼɽһڶѹȻɽѹԴһ
ڵѹ󷨺ͽġ
ǳҲ뼴̵ǶڵɽɽһȦڼӳСѣ˰ʱȾһɫ
ǳĵɫ΢΢һ䣬һʲô
󼸸Сȥ
ҶɾǱѪסˡ
ǳüͷ֣˵ϲȥǻط
ȫ̸ʦֻ֣ǲ֪ʲôѪһ£õĴ𰸳ϡ
ѪʿѪҪǰЩѪʿĿѪֱֻһ˲Ѫܽɡ
ʿѪʲô״򿪵󷨡
ִҪҶɾеˡ
ü޷󵽵ж໵˵ȥ˵
ڣĺöӡ
ĬԼСལʦֵ
һ·ߣһ·룬Ϊʲôһæﲻϡ׸Щʲôܰæ
ѾʲôСˣΪʲôǲأ
ӵʼմ磬ֺЩ˳ϲŵС죬ϸʱЩϲΨϲĵͳ졣
ָǳĵִ˼ʮһɽ塣
ֻԶԶؿţɽûз塣
ǸƵɽ壬ڰȻȥһ޴ɽӡ
Ӳݲ
ǳĽ²ͣϲžһһİԵͬʱٸ˵
˵йɽǰ༫һͬʱһƴйĹ
һƻܵ겻ɢʿ˸ܳ༫ѹӶ
һ㶡
ǰ
ʱʶԨ
ǹ͵༫ѹƵѪ
̲סʣΪʲôѹƵ
ǳں˵밡ѪǺεаܴѪĴڣֻǱѪҪԵҪӵġ
༫ҵϣ׹Ԩѹ󲿷ֵĶ񣬻ҪԵ
죬뷴ԨҵϣֻŻǲġ
С˵ǵģûСֻǺһİ֮аˡ
̫Сǳĸûֻк߿㡣
ֳĬظʦֵĽŲִɽɽ塣˵һɽİɽ
˴һ뻡ΣдһĿӡ
Ӳݲֻвѵʯ
ѾΧɢޱȰԵѹ
ӡ
ϤġԨζ
еİġһֱϤԨ˵صѹһϤĺ
ֱۣƲѹУ·ܿԨʱ顣
Ӧǡ
Сʦá
ۣͷ
ǳһССչӣѾܵز̸࣬ϸǡ
ߣȥ󡣡
ָʦֵĽŲ
Ļֱƿ𣿡
ǳЦ
̫ˣΪȺ޶ٻЩ֪׷ʱ䡣
༫úãպסڵķ
ǳ뵽ʲôһʵʵԼʦý͡
ЩܴѪҪ򿪵ҶɾҪڵˡ
ˡǵɽ˵Ǹ
µȷǺ鷳ġ⿪ѪҲ¶ҶɾľڡرյĶɾҪ򿪣ǵڵˡ
ǳĶԼСʦã˼Ƭ̡
С룬ʲôգ
̷Ӧ
ǿԵġָԼС϶Сʲôԡ
С
ǳһȥڵķȥ嶥ռˡ
¹ؽҪСʦã𣿡ǳʡ
˿Сͷԣұ֤ã
ˣ
Ϊ˴ʦ㣬һģ
*

Ԩյִ˵Ѿ䡣
ǣ
ɫ׼һԺ䣬Ԩˣϸϸ֮ͯ¡
СʿڳἰһֻƯСɽҰ֮Уȥ˲ץδץ
ͯһ²ʮа˾ǳ༫ܳȥֻ༫ѰҺʮ꣬Ϊ༫ʮ˸֮һȻ֪Ե塣
˵Լǰ
ִһѪʿ˵ڵɽһֻв˵ķܿˡ
취ץ
ͯһ֡裬һЩ˵ķǲӦԽȷǵʧĺ
ǵҪץĺ꣬ˡ
ͯ˵ִɽԼͺҲһεĹϵ˸죬ȥġ
û뵽ŵִɽͱڵ˷һڣͯС˵ڵˣˣòײſӳ
Ԩվڴǰźڰա
䵽Զİɽ
ϲǰľ¡
ֻǡ
Сڲ
ƭǾͰЩ˶ɱˡ
ɫ߶
Ĳ˵֥Сɵ˸Ϯҳ༫ˣͲ
Ԩü۲й
йš
ǰйͽ
ֱǰһƴΪйųȥ
˵ʲôôƳ༫ˣֻйˡ
Ͼһģйڹĸס
ڣҪôǺйۣͬҪôǸ
ں
ֻҪ֪һ£УСڵɽû
ȥš
ԨĿԶǸǵڡ
Ҫۿڡ
ûСϢ
һʱңԨִڡ
£ԪӤϵһˮĸ߽ʿˢˢͥȺ
༫ĽִԪӤΪ׵ĵ£

أ֪Ļǳ༫ڡ
˵ףʵԶԶɼ
ԨһŵһɵҩϢ
ڵɽͷÿһ䡣
ִڡ
ΪԪӤ߽ʿҲ𵤡лһһ
ᣬͥлڷѳҡ
֮ǰڸձ˽ѵ
ݹ٣԰ԣڵǸӣЦ۾һ磬һѡ
̽Ŀ˵֪ǰкҪ£
Ԩ΢΢ۣŷеĶ
վԨɫ˵ǺôĵӣȻҷҳ༫ˣ
ܱģȰñӿ˵
⻰һɫޱ䣬û˵ˡ
λӣҵֲǳıӵôҷ༫ĵѣҵȾԲô
ˣ󵹿ˮʵֻССɣƽ۸ùӡöıڳϣһСһңҵܴ裬޴ԩ
ԨЩ
ʱ֪ڹϵֻվڵڵĵϣȥ֪ûС
ȻдϢŨĵҩζһζӣרڸϢ
ζü΢
ûֻȥϢ޷ȷ֪˭
ǻޣɫǸֵģֱȤʡ
ǵڵ̹֡
˵ʵǺգǲǸޣǸŮҲ֪ʲôߡ
δ䣬Լ˵
˺һŷԼĲӱλΣյĵС
ԨۣظĻŮ
ɤ˰죬Ŭ˵ͷ
ǡŮ
Ԩһ˲ʧ

һ˿ϵĲӡ
ĬƬ̣ɿ֡
ڵء
Ԩ˵һ㲻ʣء߱

ʮꡣСǶһʱҲҲ
޷ϲЩʱ
Ԩ𽥼١
С㡣
˵ǱŲӣ𺦵ɤӣǳ༫ԵǸֱӿͷʧȥ
֡
ģǸһʿ
ʿæǰͷһμ༫˷ܵػ

ǺŮһͲĵһġ˵ҪҡȣҪŵıȰȥǵ˶ŮֱһҡԣҪɱȫ
ɫüһһޣǵôǱ
ǽʿߵʵǵΪ̫ߡҵһʱʧ죬ǵĵ
˶ˣȻаħ
ԨţѾȥ

ûκһ
ƽʶˣ˵ֻһȻʲôһⷨЩֵǵķĻݲݡ
ֶȥǿҪ˵Ķ
ᣬƴһе顣һ껨һ㣬̨ǰСϡ
ģ
֪ǣԨһǰȥ
Ϸűҡ
ʮꡣԨȰԼôѧΪͦõġʶ˻ˣһʱҲ޷һҲãϲʲô
֮һĿԣԸ
϶ѷŵѳ룬һնϡ
硣
ĽϢԣԪӤΪ
û˿Ϣ
Ԩۡ
Сܾ飬ûκεΪڴ̫ߡ
ʱɱӿ
ڱɱ֡ڳΪԵ͵ģ̲סһڵء
ɫ˸Լ
ʧˡ
֮ʣԨָ̧֣Ӱ顣
ԨĬſӰڣЦǳǳ֡
ûɵġ
ԨӰ飬һ˿Ҳʧ
־й֣Ƴ༫նˡ
ҵ
Ԩһһ䣬ɱ⣺Ҫɱ
л˵
~
ϼӸ


33 
һ·ִڵɽ¡
ڵɽ廹кԶľ롣Ҫͨĵִ, Ͳκ˵ע⡣
ʦѾȥڵţЩңֻᡣ
ſڲݴڵȴ
ûĹ, ӰһֻС
ӲһԼβϡſǶһ
ʦ˵ɽµըͿжˡ
ĬĬŷе
ʱ, һըԶ
ڵŽ΢΢϶
Ǵ˿̣
βһڣ˳·һС˽ȥ
һͷѾܵ÷ɿ졣
СĽŲӯƿ˿ܻᷢĿҶ, һ·, ͷϳ塣
ɿ촩ԽһƬһƬ, ҿ, ʼﴩ
żеڵӼҴҸ·, һЩ춯ֵӰѱ׽οһֻС, жĶڵ档
㱻˶ҲֻᱻּС޳ϡ
ܵ÷ɿ, ͬܿ졣
ǵһ, һҪһҪ, Ҫ顣غµĳɰܣغӪȴʦĵһ
ܵӽλãʱͣ
ʦ, ĸ߽ʿԽΪӦбȽΪҪߵġ
Ϊ̫, ǱֶȻûл·
Ե, ҪȴȴϢĵ, ȴɽµ|
ĵصȴšûʹСʱûġֻҪſţ˺׷ĺǸ
䣬ϸŷϸ΢
ʦǵޣȻҲƽǴ򶷲ó
õ͵Ϯľסٳߡ
µ΢΢ζ
֪ɽµ|ʼˡ
ʦסЩˡ
ֵˡ
̳ŷ嶥ȥ
ԽϣԽŨ
ͬҲǵڵڡûнӴɽ壬ѾܸоѪҺ
Ҳʼñ
ССں˺ܶܶʱһط嶥
צѾѣһţһѪצӡ
Ưë£ƤͬΪܲסѹѡ
һûԣ嶥
ƽﻹҪ޵ĺһĺɫӡ
ֺԽԽᡣ
룬ǿѾû֧Ĵˡ
嶥İơ֮УһŵĴεЩؿ֡
ֱһ̣һڵء
ѾѪȾ죬ֽ϶Ѫ
ۣûô۹ҧ´ŬһӽȡС롣
СаʼŤ嶥˺޷رС޴ľ֮ץס˲ǿƱקСС
ץˣ
ۣǵѪѾȾĴ
ȻȴЦŵģ˿ޱԼץˡ
ҵʦ㣬ôʦ㱧ε۰ɡ
̱غܡ
ɽ£ǳҲݺü̧Զķ嶥Сʦߵʲôطܲõˡ
ĵʱ䲻ࡣ
ǰúõĵڽһΧԱ
ģҲɫ԰ס
Žһλ˱ϵĵʿ
ЩʿѾѪ
ָǳģŭСӣҪʲôҪѰ·𣿡
ǳɨ۶档
Χģʮʿʮӡ
ɽ±ҵɽŴѾٵò
˵ˣ򿪵Ҷɾ
ǳֳֽһꡣ
ڵȺ
ɫ䲻á
һΪˣĿǰ¶Ϊھʿ֮ϡ
Ҫôǽ۷ڣҪô
ôһʿôʶɾȺ
ˣϷȰ㲻Ҫ¡Ϊ˵һڣֵá
ǳЦ̧𽣣ǣҲ֣
˵ֱŭ˵ҲݲݵģֱӶǳĳ֡
ˡ
ǳ̾˿˽
Ĳó涯֡
Сʦãǧһ㡣
ھ֮Уںأŵһء
ɫޱ䣬̧ͷ塣
嶥ˣ֪ʲôһ룡
ǳ̷Ҫ뿪
СʦˡؼҪЩˡ
ŭģؿ³һ̲Ѫ
죬ҧ˵ͨ༫ҪץĺһУ¶ټ졪
ǳĽһ٣ܵøˡ
*
ԨϢʱơ
ɫڲԶر
Щ˵ˡ²ڵø߶ĳ˲ʿǰ˵úúõģæȥɾȲߣ˽ȥˣֱӹ˶ɾ
Ԩû
ЩڶɾʿŵԴСϿɾ²²⣬ǿҪ⼸˵ȥɾʲô
һƺˣԨֽƺӳִӽȡһ
˵ĺŮ͵ޣ˳ҲΪԼŵġ
ɫ˵仰Ԩ̧Ƥ

ڵ˵ʱ˵ʲôҪģνƭ˳ɱ˾ǡ
δЩ˷С
ΨһľǴӵڵõϢŮ

ǡ
ҪҽСҲͦõġڣ˭С
ɫ̾˿˸⡣
йʲôʱɱȥ
ԨۣЩƣüģҺɱڡ

ɫֲ֪ˡ
ʮˣǰôһЩʱ᲻ʣ⼸Խԡ
ͷۣŭɱԽԽأʱ޶ʧء
ɫ˳ȥֹţ̾
֪գǰôͿԼأ
ɫ߳ţţЩϲضԵ˵ڴϢҵŮˣ
Ԩ˲ۣ۵һƬѪɫ
*
ܵǰ㲻ڵͣ
β;ܵһ硣
ûôܹʦֵĻ˵ǹ׷ˡ
Сܳ˵ڵɽţǵʦֵĻͷҲػ˸ʮĵɽȥ
һܣһʦֿ
۵ƤǶ۵ġ
ôôǱ
ţֻС걻ǳһ
ǳüͷ
СʦáѪ
ڸ̫ѹ£ǿ˺ɵġ
ɽ˵Щ˵ע⡣״̫ıҩҩӦоС
֮һȦȻ˵ˣûСʦҡ
Ĳҡ
ֱʱȫʦַš
ĬͳС롣һѪ˫ȴĹ⡣
ͷʦЦ
ǳָһգСֵĸ첲۵һ
Ĭ£ֵ̧֣ͷġ
Сʦãúܺá
ظĺܺá
֪СʦôҪ佱ʵرöϲ˵Ͽɣޡ
ֻҪõˣͺ㡣
ǹȥδõһһ㣬
۾
ʦֿˣ
һֻСꡣ
ǳֱӸιһѵҩְʮűˣͿһ
ء
ּһСˣǱظʦ
ֹۺܰоǰ˺Ƶʹˡ
ʦҲҪѧ
ʦöͣϵɽ
ǳĻڵ϶̡
˵ȷ˺ŵĶɾǲȫδػöɾڵ˲Ҫģǽȥ
ȥ
һ㶣ǽɾ𣿡
ԡ
ǳѾִֵɽɽ塣
ˣǿ˺һѿڡȥҪģȥҵɾ顣һɾֻڶɾʱ򣬲ŻпһšֻһӡһӣǾȻشʦĻᡣ
ûˣʦƾԼȫԻɾ޷ֻܿڵȥ
ĬĬˡ
ߵһʯͷѪɫġһŷ֣˵Ѫء
ľǱȾˣһءҵ౻Ѫ͸γһְӽɫǡ
ǶɾŴһ
һѪɫѪ
һߵܵ졣
ǰòŷ򶷡֡
ǳռĳ༫ѹչһų
۾һգգš
Ԩѹһ뿪չ޾ͰԵޱȵֱѪ
ֻգ֮䣬ǶģаԵѪ˲䱻дɢ
ǹѹҲ֮ʧ
ûѪҶɾ¶
һССʯţʯűպһ𣬲ûаֿ˼
ִӽͳС롣
Сץ˼ѣСڵط
ͦǱġ
ǳǳ˳顣
Сʦã룬Ҳͦװ
Ϊֻץһˡû뵽Сʦһֱ֣˺˼һˡµڵڵݣһ롣
ͷˣȥˡ
ǳһ༫
ҪĲ֣ǿǾŵˡ
óС룬ǳĲŷһ˵⡣
Сװȥģֻա
Сֻ˸޷õеκ
Ҳ˵
ǳĿСʦá
С룬ڰһ㳯Լָܡ
ܽȥˣֻ
Сʦãǳƽ͸ȥһˣһ棬ɾֻɽΪһΪᱻɾѹꡣˡ
һ㶣Ǵʦ㡭
ʦвٵҩѹΪǳ˳˵ҸġºֻΪֲ١
ֵҩҲСҲȥˣš
Ȼ
ҪȥҴʦˡǺ¡
ھҪúõİЩ
ֻˣüͷ
˺ƽչȻͬʶǺܿܵġ
˵գԶҪѵضࡣ
˺óʱ䣬ֻܻһ㡣
ˣ˵ָ⣬Ƶۡ
ͬʱһЩֵֹĶͷ
õ˵֮£Ȼҵڵˣ
ɱһãǾɱʮˣˣȻյ˻ꡣ
ӣ϶ѡϧ
ССţֺη˭ң
ȫڶɾܿ쳤󡣡
Ѿָ˲١
ۣɫ䲻á
ڴ
ԣԡ
뵽
뵽лܵĶ⣬Ӧǵڸ߽ʿġ
ʦ֡
Щ
ɾж
ֵǺȻ֮䱻صĶϮ룬ܵµĸо
²С껹ԵŻһ
̫ˣЩЩͷ
ƣ۾Լ뵽ĸ߸ʦ֡
ڣɱٸʿɾһ塣
壿ǳɫã֪뵽ʲô
ھţֻҪ壬ھܡưԡ
˵ö
ȤԼΪƽƽȻͷڴ˵翵ķϡ
ǳЦСʦãʦٽһţ˶೤
䣬ɽ
ǳɫ䣺쿪ţˣ
ָ̽͵ϡ
һ̣ſһ졣
ΨΨŵŵɽӭӳ༫
Ԩ䣬ŵִڣɫޱ䡣
ζ
Ѫζ
ǡ
֡

ԨԲŴֵϢһ
ҵֵϢ
Ԩɽſ˭ûһ·ֵϢȥ
ڵڵС￴Ѫ
߲ѪһȳһյСѪצӡ
ԨĿ۵һ飬˲۵ϺѪ˿ַɣһ̣Ԩ³һںѪ
ġѪ
Ԩϸȷ˺ð죬ۡãÿϢǡ
֪ʲôԨ
ǺŮ͵ţǵǣ͵ŵˡʵǿɶޱȣ
Ԩԣת
ı鲻ԡһ䣺ˣ
ǰѪˣһŵ˰Ǻӣֱ͵һ롣һ밡
Ԩˡ
Сϲˡ
ⲻʲô¡
ڵָżʮɽķΪ༫ΪԩæǵĿĿ϶ǵɽҪȥɽ𣿡
ԨƢصлл֪
ȵ¶Цһ̣ԨѾ̧һƻ

Сˣ˵ɶ

Ԩֱֽ̧ڵһץ
ڵسݣѡ
ԨװһСƿУһ̧
ɽ
ڵɽ
ϲȥ
Ԩһ·У֮䣬Ѿִɽ
ɽƷѹ
ĵҩϢ
Լֵζ
Ԩӯ䣬Щ룬Լ̫ˡ֪ȥɱй
ڿήһصѪ߰Уʮ겻֡
ǱֲѪʲôһɾǰ
ָоĲ
ţ̲ס
һɲǣΪԼۡ
ΪʲôῴԨ
ھǧ֮Ѫζصĵɽ޹⣬ݲһصĶɾǰ
ãȻգգۡ
Ԩһ£ͷֱǰЩ̫һ˵ü˺ܶƣ롣͸¶̫̫Ķ
ֱؿšǺܲģǺܿġ
գգۣعͷ
޹أģǴʦ㡣
֡
Ԩ۾̰ؿʻģ鶯ģǱȴô۵ġ
С֡
˶˲׼ԼС֣ȴѾֱǿһĶɾ֮С
ɾڱպϡ
Ԩ룬ƵĽ˲䱻ɾһɡ
л˵
Ӹ~
΢޸һǰһ²ʵĵط~
֮ǰû˵ɽǶʮꡣɽ£һֱûи׼ȷʱĸÿûκα仯ҲʱĶԱȣԶ˵ֻһʱ䡣׼ȷ֪Լ~



34 
ָо̫á
ε, һŲȿգӼʮɸߵ׹ʧء
ֱۣŬȶԼƽ⡣
ڿмת, ҵ׹ķ
ֻǸûнŰصĻᣬֱǹ˼Ȧϵġ
۵ġ
ڵܵ˻ûкȫ, ôˤһ£Ķۡ
ſڵϰ춼붯
˵ŨݵǸճѿ, ſŵܸɾķ㡣
ֱ, ء
Ԩˡ
ܵɾˡ
ڻû, ֪ôȥԨԨ֮, һЩȥԵĹ֡
, ʦ˵ˣɾֻнʿܽ
ˡ
Ԩġ
ſ˺һ
, ܡ
һСԵĲݵϡ
СŲ㲨, ๾ءԵĲݵػЩѰС, ƺˮġǱŵ, Ѿɢܡ
ΧԶܿСɽ£֣Ҫ۵, ·
Ƕɾȥĵط࣬ϸоһ, ûʲôͬ
˵ﲻһĻ, Ǵ˼ԣ, ûеƽޡ
һۿȥһ޼ʡ
ЩôĵطҪȥҴʦ㣿
жɾ顣
ֱַ治÷򡣸о˷ߣҲǸһȥ
оѡһ·ԽԽԶǺٻͷġ
ԥѡһʦ·
ԨôͻȻŵȻҲʲôʦֱ֣һͷġ
С̾
ѾȻǲ֪ʲôߡ
Ҳɵվԭذɡ
ȥߵСߡ
ˤһӡմϴһϴǸɾСˡ
ֲߵСıԵһȦֹ๾Сж
һССһźɫس߿
ֿź棬ԾǶ˻ǸС
СﻹϤˮԣźžε˰ߡ
ɣֲԶ
ʪģССģһźɫġ
ж䣬β͡
ϸһ£ϳˡ
ǸɫС̡
ֻûƽЩģֻСͲǸմˮëʪϣһ˦һ£һ˦һ£̧צ䡣
СƺܣһֱצӰԭصҲԣβ˦һ£һ̣Сֱˤ˸˲档
ֿЦ
ֻСǣôβͶѽ
ġ
ЦС̽ԭأƬ̧̣ͷֿ
ֿˡ
Сһ˫ԲƯ۾仹Ҫ
С̵۾һգգҲ֪ǲֵĴһֻС̵۾ޱȸӵ
Ҫ˵ĻԵĪ𾪺ϲ
ͷֻС̡
Сһš
Сſ죬ɫС⡣
أ
Сסˡ
Цۡ
ۣԭС̵Ľѽ̡
ôСһֻôǴӺγģûдǿ
ֿȤǿСôСһֻʪģ䲻뵽Լˮʪëëܡ
ͳС룬һָ˸ʪС̱øɸɾ
ϸСëҲ
С̿ȥȸոյǱģҪԲһȦ
ˡϰԸǲСʱ䳤ġǻڸһֻ꣬뿪ɡ
뵽һ򵥵ķָһˣƮʲô򣬾ͳǱߺˡ
˸ܸ֪ɾİɣ
ֲȷĿǰΨһһ취ˡ
˴ָһ̣ǰԶɢ
һ㶡ףҪߵСĶ棬˳Ǹ
ҲǲС
ָо̫ԡ
ͷһںСŬĽŲ
˵ŬȫΪС̵Ȳʹ߸ģ̧ǰźˤ̧ǰŲ֪ô䣬ڰա
´βǽӲأֱֱڵϡ
ôôǱ
ֺС̣ڸ𣿡
ѵ˵һֻȺɢ˵·̣
ܽ͵ͨΪʲôһֻС̻Ӻˡ
ȻС̶ǺѴġ
⸽ýС̿
СĻ°һ
ǱԼĽ𾪵ˣԲһ˫̵ۣã
ԥƬ̣Ƕ֡
ҿûѧ·Ҫұ𣿡
ĵصȴţСԼѡ
仰ӻˣûΪһ̣СѾȿڵϳˡ
˲档
Сǰˤ˺üӣǲŵأȥ
һɫСëŵıӰ
ҧ´ԼЦ
ǱԼѧ·𣿺ĵһֻСǡ
Աɺ꣬ɫĺСԱߣȻҪϼȦ
ΧСתתСǿô·ġ
˭֪˺꣬Сȴˣʱͫ׽ԲԲ
죬СҪ˵ʲôһ³ϸϸأ̱ˡ
ĺǿСѧϰҲ˼ȦСѾģǰצ
ֱΣҧָЦ
ȻǱ˾ƵĶᣬô·ˡ
̰ɣģѧϰǿ
ΪչС̣·ٶûж졣С˹ȥִǰߵĻǲɽͣԶɽ죬ơ
һߣһʱ
һ·ʼûзһˡ
ⲻԡĵ֪ڵ˹ɾ˼ˡ⼸˶Ʒġ
Ӷɾأʦ־ʹҴʦ㡣񲻹̶̼죬ɾʲôҲڰѼٸ˶˰ɡ
ֽ¶˶٣ʼԼǲߴ˷
СʼոֵĽź֫Эߵ߰㣬Ҳһȫ̸š
һͷСѾѧβͣԡ
˺ܶ
ֺ֪ȻһСôһʱ
ֶ
۲ۣ֣СǵĶ䡣
Ƕͺǲһġ̵Ķ俴ͺ
֣ԥ£˻
Ҳ֪Сò
ʱҲǲϲԨġ
С̶Ķ˶ͷſ졣
ȴûзκ
ֻһشȴСǾܾгķ
ǰ;Զֿ϶Ҫȥҵʦ㣬ҵɾġֻСӡ
ҪҰȥȺЩΡôСС̣һֱҲǸ¶ΪǨС̷ԼĽŲ
Сҡҡͷ
һ
ҡͷرء
ӦҲ̰ɣֲȷֻСȫܺģԼ뷨
ͺ岻һС̵Ƕܶ˼
ֱϾûмǣǵĸ˵ֻС̺ǽӴˡ
ô죬СǲߣҲܷŲ
СǣұɡҪȥˣҵĴʦ㣬ʱܸϵġ
ֺС֣̽ҪǸҵĻҾͱ㡣
룬ֻһ䣺㣬ϣͻܶ
СˡΪˣצӿŵأԭظɰͰͰ˰졣
ֵ˰죬ûеȵСǵѡ
̽ǰߡС̸ϡ
ˡСǻҪǾǲ
ôôС̶ñ
ֻѡءСǸˣͦõġϡֱܾӷֵ˰ɡ
ֲܷŲָȥѰ·
˵ؼľïʢ˵ïʢ˵Ƕģ
޴յڣ۵֦һᶯ
ţͷϡ
ô־ȻûȸĽ
ֵıܸϴʲôΣյĶ
Ӳݴĵɳɳء
һͷС֫
С̵ǶءһԳֿߵôǱֱֵĽűߣŶϢ
Է֣СǺ֮ǰ·Ȼ񣬶ǶᡣС̵צӺԣһؽ
Ϊ壬̫ôˡ
С̵צˡ
ֺˡ֪СһҪһʼ̫СǡôСֻôԶ϶ˡ
СǡΣδ˹ִġ
ȥԼͬ壬һҪñߵצˡ
СǣĻ뵽ԼġֶСǶԻ
˵ġ
ȥԼĺ壬ѡԨҲ֡ˡ
ܲϲѽֺСǽδϲҲġ
˵СǣʵҲ˵Լġ
̷ԭµġסѵԺҪٷС
С̱Щ΢ı仯ǽ꣬צڵϰţֲУֻ֣ܶ겻
һ̣Сǵצӹסֵȹڣβס
ط֣ԼܿСʲô
˵δСǺʵж뾡ǧټҲҪš
ִСǡ
ˣҪ͸ŰɡΣָСǵĶͷȴȹȥȥҵҩ
ʱ̫ҴˣûдʦõЩҩ
С̵צˣǵЩҩһ
ߣС̲Ŵȹ̧צۣСԱԼΪˡ
߹ŻƬǲ̫ײɼҪĲҩ
ôȥ뿪
СѾˣֵκˣҲ㣬ȥȳ
С֮ԱǣԼߡ
ͷôԽԽţֻСЩǷûšȥ
ϲ治ϲ
ֲͲϲСֱ̼֣һС
ʱԨȥ̫ôŲˡ
һУɰСǱڻС
С̺Ȼնצ죬Ӳ˺һŻצӣſܻءءһ
ءϳӲ
𶯡룬вһС̣ϵĻҲ㡣ҾԼѽ
вһСֶ̣ЩεأһֻǼ⡣
ֻһǵС̣ûлεı¡
˭֪仰һڻ߷ڵĽųСǣ˲Ӳһ
ףôʹ
ֵͷһ»еС̡ƮƮһţġ
ԭǸ¼į±µСǡ
ЩĲˣСǵĶͷ˵㡣
£㡣
ɾϵĵһ顣뿪ʱ򣬴ȥʦŰɡ
СһԣĻнӲҲһŬ뿪ֵֻļ
ضּͷ
ȥ
Ƣһֻǡ
Ƭֺ߸İϳŲٵĲݣǷ賤һСȸߡ
вʰ쵵ľ
ֻǺְ
ãȻػһȦ
ôܲκε޳ϣ
һ鶼û
ȫá
ǡ
ֽ²һ
ѸȦסֵĽ׳⧲С
Сһڽҧסֵӡһ𱻵ڰա
ֵһ̧óС롣
Сһ̧ջ
Իʵ̫Ϥˣָƶһų͵ķڿŤһ£ָһȥ
˲䱬ը
ըǸ
ڿɵط˸һֽסС̣ء
Сʼն̵֣У̫ิӵ
ؿڣ³һ
ûáֲ»ġ
׷ĺܺá
ֱʱֲŷִӽȡԼֳء
ʧˡôһѣȻӦóȥǮ
˲ףߵһгΣյɭ֡
ֽҲ˲١
ʵת룬Ǹ¡
ҲܴõЩʲô
ֱŵϺͿ
׳Ť˲Ϣط賤
ȴ·𰲾һȻǱص¡
ÿһȵСģлһŻԱ֮衣
з·һϢ
˵ϢҲԣֵĺܸо
öĵĸоü̧ſڱǡȻ뵽ʲôͼϵС˵ȴСһֻצ̧ѾԼıˡ
ⷴӦ졣
ԽǰߣŲŵԽԽƽûӲݣҲûп֦Ҷ
Ǳֱգïʢڵȫʡһۿȥǽҹİ
ǰǶ·ȫˡ
ܿɭֵľͷ⣬ġ
ˡ
ֽ¼١
Ȼһ̣ӵصȻֱ֯ӽֺСС
еĻѾڵһʱӳ
һǸ˻ȻʧӰ
ѾѸٻһ׷ݺĳ
׻˿϶Ȼ϶ֺС̵䡣
䣬Ѿɵˡ
ս
ϵҶſ졣ھ׽
ûô˵̲ס˿
һֻë׵СצӰֵƤϡ
գգۡ
ȴС̲ļϣŬǰצ
һ㶣ЩССĸж
ģһǳȥġкöö׷
ָС̱֤
׷ô󡣡
ȴһһ
Ѱȥ
಻Զһˡ
һòݰ׵ꡣϣҶϵݣҪ˺Ѫ⡣
·о͸һ˫ĺڵۿ֡
ɱ
л˵
Ǽƻ
ˣûȫ
ϼӸ~


35 
ɱ
ԥһ¡ͷһꡣ
ͺܰԵʵ, ҲĺܰԵ
ּǵԼŷʱС˵ֵ֪ķж
С۾ȥͥԺһԡ
һŷȥ˵ɽҲΪֱɽ, ʯڳըëСꡣ
СۣΣٵǰһ̣ѾӾ, 㶼ûմ
ֵʱըͷͣӦʱŷ֣ټһͥԺȫˡ
ֻ, Լּ׵İɡ
ʱֶѾ, ԼǲҪҵָɽǮˡ, ͥԺеһȫָԭ
Ψһûָľ֡
ֶŷӡ, ʹ÷ըȥ
һ
Ҷϵݻͼȥ˺ҧѪ, Ҳ֪ʲô赲ǿܵһ
׷ֻܻһƬ̣һϵ, ûô
ɱֱӴһʹӸӵĸϮ, ŻɿΨһõġ
΢΢üĲϲɱݲϲˡ
С, ֪ꡣٵȥ, ǿľҪιˡ
һʳĺ꣬Լֲˡ

ɽׯг˺ööķвٶڽзšȥ֪ѹںδɱ̫˷ʱˡ
ҳȥ, Ϊɱ
ϵ΢ԽԽ, ׼, ֵСѾ㹻
ָ, ڿأٻӵķ
һ㶡
һų͵ġɱ
һ̣С̰ڻС
ָۣһ㡣

д֮
ӻƺھ֮дӸɪ
ſˣ
ֱСѸ׹
׹ͬʱٶջƳһżз
ԼһģѾӾܡ
ӵɿСܾС֪ԼмＸֳݵ
һ׹ĻԱߵꡣ
֣ǱЩû֧ţЩͷֱԡ
ѾܳˣָһסǸꡣ
ܣôһ䣬ٴαСܡ

Ǳŭӡһǳ
ǱڵϷܡ
Ϊһáܴӷж򣬲ͣҶ㣬ڼ仹ʼαСû֡
С̵ë
һԣֵĻצӹļͷ
ŵ١
ֲŲ֪Сʲôܵٶȷǳؿ죬ֻǴ˼ɭеİ޴ڡ
ϣӿУӽ£ÿһطŷĳҶ
ƴܡǵǰԶйķ򡣳ȥˣԶˡ
ȻǰȻһǽ
ζסȥ·
ֽ²ͣ£ûκ˼ʱ䣬ת˸ܡ
ƺҵ˶ԸķʽǽС
ɫصضЩǽ
Ҫɱ
λÿɲ̫
СǡСͷС̣׼ʱӾܡ
СֻһӣЩٵĿʿֻҪ뿪С̸ǰȫġ
Сö
ȻС̵ķӦ̧צӣĶ
ֻͷС̴ɫ
֪ΪʲôȻСڰοĴ
ҲǴֶ˶ٴλջɱ

ɱ˲
ǽ˲
ɱͦáֺ⣬ûըԼѾܲˡ
ֻ߸ɱӷ·Ͷܻӷ񹥻֡
ٿ죬ǲСıУˤۿҪ˦ϣϵС̼ϣͼȥֵ
ҧǷС̡һ̣ܻ۵ʱȫһš
С໽˳ǷŭأҲǽأЩ˺ѷεء
С̵Ľġ

ãǸСֻҪСǱ
ִӽгĶСལ
ллѽСǡ
Сǵĺˡ
˵֮ǰֻôһͷô˿ǺľһҪ̻ؼҡ
ֻôܻ˲䣬ǱѾ
ֲͬһŻͷûʲôˡ
ְγ˽֪ǰŮľ
Ϊ̫ͣɱ㡣
ԥƬ̣Ѿֵܵࡣ
һɱ
ɱʱɱӡ󣬸顣ҲҪΣ
ôã
лл㣬ֵĵл˵ڣ˵ֻҪ㱣Ұȫ뿪˴
ЩһڴӦ
ɱܴù٣ܴ뿪´ӦǾƭ
˵ͳһŵҩ
Ǿͷһԡ
ֽӹ˵ҩҪιС̧̼צҪ
صؽţԡ
̵ְԴ޷˳˵ҩ
Ե֪ȷܶġһζҩҲͦء
ֹ˲ôˡܱĺá
СоһƬɭֵȫۼ־ֻƵۡ
ã̡
һξۼҪöࡣ
·ȴ󺣣ԴԴϡ
ųҶƴǡ
ֲϱõͬʱָ顣ڿһһɱ
֮ǰײͬһΣܵ˼
ÿһʶ·ǧ֮׹֡
ֳֽɿնӿֻȵؼ
һʣʡ
ۿţŮҧأźˮֱƤϵһĨ֬ɫĿ
ʡ
ֲҶ㣬ֻܶСལ
ӣֻǸбԱȴﲻκæ
С̴һʼ໽УѾ
ƺ˿влδ͵ɱϮȥ
ʱͶ˴ʦΪʲôÿջӽһΣҪýȥնľ׮
һ̧̣ʱ򣬽նδķ
һʣɡ
һָһ㣬
ճ͵ɱڵһʱ䲢δըѣôĳĬ
ѾСѸԶֽġ
УŻϢ
һ̣춯һ졣
ضɽҡ
ֱֽӿѣЩûվȣվȽŲȴһϮ
С̼оԼȫˡ۵Ҫˡ
˺ɱϢͷһء
Сһֱ塣
һΣܸÿ˰ɣ
ţҪǳ˵ҩӵĻҲûа취ˡ
ҪǴʦʦ֣ʦʦ㣬ʦ˭ڵĻɽɣ
ţȻо̫ԡ
ϢѾˡ
ͬʱһ·ܹĲֻڶ̶˲Ϣʱ䣬Ҷ䣬֦ѣɿ
ûס˸ͷ
һ
еľҶȫû
Ȼӡ
鲼ɭѾʧӰ١
ֱСվɭֵһˣ˻
ԭԭɱ
ɱ¶ģ
ǰɱǰѷίˡ¾ʹûôɡ
ҧ´
ҪΪ
뿴ɻԼ
ټһƬɭ֣һӵбɱ£׻
˳
ϵ΢׹Ѿˡ
ֲŷ֣ȻЩ飬ܿǴһȹӡ
ЩãȻ࿴˼ۡ
С̷ˣŬ̧צȥۡ
˳ջߡ
ͦÿмŮ࣬ͣ˵ȿȹӣŻ
곯ֹ˹֣л֮
æҵذССལؽػ
л
˵꣬Ƕֱסˡ
С֣ƺ̾
ԡعЦ˵ǣлסˡ
ѵֿĻǵôһġ
ˣûӵвڿʳһֱʵˡ
λѣмҵĴʦ㣿
ɫʣʹ˭ʦӺɣʦ˭
ʵ˼ʿڶ࣬Ů˵Ҳаˣûκм䡣
ͬʱּϵСҲ̧ͷޱУŹܻ˵ڵκһ֡
ֵʵʲô˵ʲô
ҽ֣ǾŵӡʦިǸޣررĽޣ
Сһ
ʦ㣬һ£ҼҴʦ㳤úƯͷúɫͷûС
侲شֵĻûһ˻ȥôϸһŮ޵ò磬塣
һ㶣ʦ㰴ڻʱЩӡǺġ
ǡҴʦһѽûʲôص㣬ʵ޻ϸһ£ˣʦϿܹһͷ
Ǹġʦ˵ȥЩһ¹ͷͷС⡣
ͷ֪ˡ
Ĵʦ㣬Ǽġ
۾һеʣ
ݺڴ˴֮ǰªϼ
ʱмֲԵʿ
һȷԼҴʦˡ
ʦźȻǷһծʦΪǮĵҶɾڶɾС⣬̫ˡ
ªϡİ֡
ǲ¿Ϊ·
̹Ȼ˵ݺ˿̺޷ԱҰҴʦ㣬ﱣһ·ƽȻ»ʯΣ
ֱ

⻹ǵһα˰УҪһ˰
ѾǿԱ˵ֲȷǺܸˣЦüһ䣬Цǳǳ
á
һʯ
ʯҲǮˡ
ˣ˸ֹһ¡
˶٣˵¸ĵҩʱЧֻʱù֮ơʹ̡
룬ơֻҪôһˡ
ǣҧأ֪
֪ġڳȥһ֪̾
Ҳǰġ
С͵̧צӣƺڵ˼¡
Щ΢΢Ĵ㵣û˵ʲôֻ֣ӵĸǽˡ
顣ֲ²⣬᲻ǺСĶ
ǺأС̤ɭ֡
ֻһʱɭѾȫһ֮ȫ
ӵĸǿŲ
һźɫ顣
Ȼ顣۾ϳˣǳȥȻղеǶʿ˵ܳԣȥδ̤еô飬һ
̾Ӿûʲôˡ
վֱӣͼϵСȥ֫ȵЩˤһӣǿվȣȥſһǺɫ顣
ɫһ䣬ϽץС̡
û˼˵𣡡
ּѾС̵ɲͬеĻˣСøϽ˼һһСϰ
³
ССһС죬ôҡ顣
Сſڵϣʼ鴤
ʱС̾Ȼһûԡ
ֽǶ䡣
㲻ɣ

ֲ֪رС̣֪ʲô취
ѣ뵽໹ˣ̲סô죿
üͷ
ӵۣһͨܽܵġǿ¡
ҧݣӽзһѷ
ֱĺݾС
ССһ̣¶Ƿֽ
С̻ڳ鴤ëë¿ʼѪ
ֿۣۡڵɽƤĸоǻûһ۵ġ
Ǵ˻ôۣСôܵˡ
СѾȥˣ˵ʲô޲ֻƴԼڲ󳭵ķ
һһţһһ㡣
ֱӰСĿ塣
һ죬˵ʲôɿŮѪɫʲôû˵
Сǣ
С˵ţôСǣһܳסģԲԣ
СѾϢ٣¶ѪȾһһķֽǱ
ˣСǻǳ̧̧צӣƮƮֱ
ֿˡ
Сڡο
һֻСǡ
ȫСǡصƵۡ
ۣ۵ոһ㡣
´ҧƳѪѪȾĴɫ
ۡۺۡ
̲ס룬ʦҪڵĻܸСǺһ㵤ҩˡ
ŮҵģȫȻ䵽С
ɫ
һѿ֦
ԣԾյ沿
Ա̲ס۵ƺһ
ѪȾСҲһ
ҡ
ջߣ˫־𣬷ȥ˿
˺þãѾģߣֻǵûлиС̣ʶģʱ򣬻С˵СǣҪסѽסˣҴҼ档
峿
ָоԼһ¶ۡ
ʱء
Сǡ
뵽Լӣһ
ŷ֣Լ϶˲ٵҶһӸ
ǰһѾϨ𣬻лѪ̺ŨǰС̡
˿ЦС̵Դ

С̵Ķûס
ס
Ǹأء
𣿡
ھԶһ£šԶԶ˵š
Щ֣ô
Сǲáޱ
գգۣСظ˾䣺
Ȼܰѱס
С°ͣһ¡
Сǣֻһֻͨ𣿡ʱ򷢳ʡ
ֶԴҲɻ󣬵ȻҪάС̵ġ
ǰô𣿡
ֻûз֣̾˿
СǣѾˡ
л˵
Ԩ岻ǣֻǱ岻ɾܣ屻ѹ~
ë޶Ƥ



36 
־ϲ
ȵС̾Ȼ顣ϲȻС̻, ôԺҲΡ˵Ժͬˡ
С̶ԭأ֡
ֻʵڿȥСһѪģ
뵽ԼҲǣһѪ, һһֻһֻǣ⡣
ȥҸˮԴϴһ²С
뿪˲, һСϪϪˮ峺峺ܿײ͸㡣
ֵͷ˻Ȼһ£Ҳû, ֪ܲܳԡ, ǧܸˡ
ӽͷ
ûͳ, СѾצȥץˡ
¶׺ݵСۼֿ, һצ, Ҫ汻ץסˣˣ
κ׳־С̶ܸԼȶ̡
צ, ˮ涼ûšצӸɸɾ
ֻعͷʱ, СѾצڰˡ
ҵ˶ˮ, žžһ, ֱӰСϪײ
СϪϴ˺һܾǲϴһϴܡ
, ҡС̢СϪ
ϲˮ, ʱǿԽܵġ
ǿĶ, СҲ
, ȶСҪŬԴܲˮǺ
һһСϪʹʹϴ˺ð졣ɸɾ˰
˸ԼС̶øˬ
Ҳ֪ǲǴַϴһµС̣ȸռʱҪһȦ
ǶСӵķ룬಻̫
Ǵˡ
ҲҩֻƾȥԼ֮ǰѧķû˵ġ
˼ȥǱմһϵҲֹѪСǣҲûѪòϡ
СȻȳţСǣһȦҿ
С̻δ˼Щ붯ǿ۰ͰͶСһȦ
ףȳˡֲ²⣬ı仯ɡ
ҲǸ¡
ڲԶת˸εǡ
òδ
ֹȥʱֱ˵Ҫһ׼ǿªϣȥô죬δػǶ
Ȼ֪ġ֪֪ʦȥĵطҪȥһԡ
һء
޷ȥҰɡ˵Щۼء
˵գִӽͳ⸬ޣһСһԼһ
С̶е⸬ޣ͵߶ûӦ
ֶڵϻ˻⸬Сǣˡ
ȻС̣ǶʳģôСҲû˰ɣ
Ѿлӹ⸬һ̾⸬õؾǷƷ㡣ǹļ׼İɡ
СԴƺЩеض֣ȴһ𰸡
⸬ѾܺܵȻػش⡣
ǣǰͬ顣
ôΣѾԨҵʺϵĶλ
ͬ飬ڸʱһɹʮͬ顣ֵ֮󣬾ǰˡ
Ժ˵ûԨġ
𰸳ϣʲô
ȴЩ֣ڵϵιСأ⸬ܺóԣô㣬Сôҧģǲ죿
Ӻš
Сǣѽ⸬ܺóԵġԹĶ˵á
СһʼأӻҪ⸬
ʦŵĴҶ⸬ûô飬Ƕ佱õ⸬ˡ
˭֪˵Ҳˣ˵ˣСֱӱͷȥ
Ťͷת˸һӰ
ô
ΣֻԼˡ
ʼ߬ŸС̵һСˣ֪δٹȣʳȱٵġ
ǰªϣָķ򣬴Լмʮľ롣
ֶЩġôӼʮ⣬Ūӵɭȥ
е㣬ûʡע໹ڽԵСϡ
С̲֪ڸʲôϾһͣһͣͷܿСϵһ˿ơ
ֿʼ²⣬С̲ʲô̶ɡôôСôࡣֻǿСѾ˼ʮꣿ
Ǿ͸ܵСԴˡ
ֹ֮ǰȺУƺû㡣
ǰȻô˵һ䡣
ҲֱԲ䣺Ҹսġ
Ŷǲ֪ɾڶ̶һȤƵģͷ֣֪ʲô£Ŵ򿪣
ָ죬оԼȹӱݺץһѡ
ͷȴС̡צӹȹϡ
צָ׹סȹӣǱվţһֻצӱȸ߸̧
ЦϽȹϰС̵צժ
ȹӱץһ
ֻЦôָס
СĬĬ̧צյֵƤ档
צ¶ġ
ͺצӲࡣ
һСôСΪצءжʧˡ
־⸬
Ǹòã
һΣСûоܾ
֪ˣټƽҲûáԼˡ
һ⸬С̳˺ð졣
ճ꣬һҶȦɵСˮ͵ݵС̵°ԡ
Цеؿˮ
²ءҵչ̵Ŀ֡
ʦʱʱҲ̣ǻڳʳչԭչôһָо
еġ
Сȴ֪뵽ʲôĬ˺һģ́צӣֵˮ롣

ҲǿֽСҶˡ
֮СԼܵСϪߣŲӺˮ
ͷССһţ̣ëģôôִأ
ûֵǣСôһĶԻֹ
֮Ҳû
ɾڵغ濴ƣ˵ͬϸܷ֣û̫ġҵȫɡ
ԶܿƵɽٻţɽȴһƬѩ
ԶԶˣЩŵ룬Ҫȥªϣᾭѩɡܲϲ
ãķѩ˲ãͿǰƿһƬƽԭвľʱס
סǾʹˣ
Ҫǰȴסˡ
קֶ
֪˭֮ǰҪðȻǰ
ƶǶ
СѾ·ֵļ
Ƕڹ۲һƬķݡ
ʱиŮˮͰ
ˮץ㴮Ͽ
˺һӲԶڿ
¶棬ЩصʿŮ⡣
ûҵ̫𣿡
һӺݺһڣһǧʯ̫ӵһֻ֡ǧʯ̫ӵͷ­ôֱʣǰ˳ɶȥץ̫ˡ˶ϣ
һŮ̾Ϣ
Ҳˣ̫ӱ͹ˣ侮ʯ̫֮Σ
ģƣһ˳ԳԺȺǮǺֱ˭˲ûģҪǲڵƴ𣿣
⻰˵Ůһһ죬ȥ
ӻһȦԼͬǡ
ԼˣûñĿľͼ򵥵㣬ҵ̫ӣһۣһǧʯȥ󣬴ҶܹɿЩ
ţ
̫ӣ˵̫ӵλ̫ӣǲ̫ѽ
֮ǰʦңЩ㡣
Ҫɱ̫ӣôǮ
С˼ֵļŤͷ
ɫȣʲô侲Щ˵ʾ֣뿪
뿪ûãʼĲɡ
ֹʲôЦʣҲɱ̫ӣǧʯ𣿡
̧ͷɣô˵ء
Ц
ûɱ̫ӡҧָ̲ס뵽ܣһҴʦȥ̫ӡ
ǧʯʦ㲻ɱܵÿȵǧʯɡ
侲ʣŶʦõǧʯ
ҾŴʦɱ϶ǲɱ̫ӣǿ϶ȥһ̫ӡ֮ҪˡҲرʵ˵ǰôʦ˵Ƿ˺öծʦ¶Ҫ½ʳ
ȵǧʯֶĶġ
ܵȥһ۰ɡһǧʯʲôӡ
̫ӡҲ߶˾䣬Ҳȥһˡ
ЦˣЦر𳩿졣
̫Ȥˡ
СŮ̫Ȥˡ
ϣҵ̫ӡȤʣ̫ӷǧʯæأ
նǧʯҰʲôУ
ǧʯѽ
Ȼֲ֪ǧʯʲôһ뵽ʦʱëʮʯ֪һʴ
ϵϣ̫ܳǧʯʦ϶ѶֻҪȥ̫Ӿͺˡ
ʵǲ⣬̲ס
Ϊʲô̫Ҫ׷ɱ̫𣿡
ֱۿɣЦЦأ˭֪أ˵Ϊ̫ӡ
ѵ֪ҵ𣿡
ҡͷ
ֻ֪֪Ǻóԡ
ȻЦˡ
Ǳֵ˵Ǹˡ
ǡҲǣһ
Ц˵ǰιĵܵܡ̫ӣһλĵӡλԼĶ
ô˵㶮𣿡
ֻһ¡Ǿ̫ڹֶ塣ܲǹҪɱɣ
ο̫Ӹô׷ɱĵڶɾˣ
ֵһã٣Ҳ˵ˣת
ªһȺ֣˸Ӫв˶һԼĿĽɣֳͬӪ
ĴʦǸʲôԸˣǾȥҾǡ
˵ʦ϶ȱǮˡǻȥ̫ӵġ
ЦЦãȥ̫ӡ
̫ӣǧʯҵǧʯҵõʦ㡣
˼·ȷ
ָȥ̫ӡ
ټĶɾ֪̫ӣǿ·أЩ档
ѣôһѽݺ
˵ѷ赭дվҲǵ˸ѵ
˼һͦġ
СҲǣĿдŵ֪ҲǱε˱ˣ䵽Ѻˮ¶ѨС
˵ͦСġ
أϵСצӰ
ֲ
Сɫָָ࣬ǰ
˳С̵ķȥ
ǰѰ·һƬݵأ滹ŲٵСҰұïʢĻɫ
ӣûʲôΣյζ
ԣСȥæժһ仨
ȻСء
ǰȥժҪһ䣿
Сצ
վڻǰѡ
ɫĺÿɫҲƯ
ҲŴչСڿ̲סЦǰ֮ˡ
ԡ
Ц˵֮ǰˡҺҵͬ˺ö໨ܺãҺϲ
Ŷǹ͹ͬ鶼ϧ֮ˡ
һ㶣Żԣ룬Ԩϧ֮
ǵİɣϾӶҵģҲٵĻֻ
ǣΪʲô赭д˰ѳˣҩء
ִС˼֡
ϣǡ
С̲ˡ
ּڻѡѡȥѡһɫģץҧҧ˻ˣŻָܵǰצ
ֶС̰ѻյǰ
ɫģҵĳ
ֽӹȻЩʧ
Ҳ֪ԨûкúǽˮҪǲĻɸҲðɡ
ʲô
롭ֽӹվĻǲǽˮˡ
С̶Ųص˵ͷ
ˡһֱġЩúܺá
Ǻ
һһ
ǰŮܸӣҲìܡ
֡
˺档
һ֮ˣΪλֿͬ͡أ
С䣬Ӳ˳ȹ
ôʲô
һ
Ϊﲻҵļҡ
ΪǰǸİˣ˵ڵĺѹ
Һһʱ򣬻ۡ
ϸݣĿڱۡ
Ԩʱů
뿪ǰÿһƵʹȫͬ
֪ôۣҲӺҶѹʱ־Ͳ߰ɡ
ζش֡
۵ˣֻͬ顣
Сצӽצֵļ䣬һֱ̧߰ŵԴ
˵νˡ
뵽Լʦţ¶Ц¸߰
мˡ
˹֣ЦϲຣҲϲмҡ
һ֪ôӣ˵˸ͬϲͬϲ
ֻСϲ
ͷһۡ
۵Сɪһš
ֻںЦͬϲδ֡
·̣С²ߣȫ̶ſֵļϡ
ֻ̲ܵסʣССǣôˣ
Ϊʲôһֱûо
СԴȥ֡
̵ͷǵղ
Ƕ֮һְ
СЩʧ񡣺ܾúܾˣֻҪһ֣õԶĶ
ôһΣס
ȴ¡
СǣǲǸѽִţ㲻ϰߵĻ
ֺ᲻ãȴ˵˿ڡ
ҿԴԭСȥĵط
Сſ죬ҧסֵָ
붼롣
ֻڣҪȥĵط
һ·̫ҲЩ鷳
һ·ڼ仹һˡ
Щ˵ĿȷȲߡǵڸҪ
ȥϪߴˮ
ɣЩȲߵʿУҲиڴˮġ
ǸŮޡ
λѡ
Ů޿ЩޣЦкǸ˭ģôһˣ
˭ֺظʲô˭
ɾڣֲŮ޼˽⣬ϸ͵ץ̫Ϊ׵·ƽᱦѷǣҸߵġһڲݵģѩġ
⻹һŮЩݡ
һʲôѽ
Ȥˮˡ
һҪǮިӡ
ŮЦ˵λѿ϶ˡ
ҪǮġʦ㣡
ûǴʦˣ
ЦطָһԼŶҪǮġɡ
л˵
~
ϼӸ~


37 
˵, ֲ˼̧Ǽ⡣
ȡ
ɵˣֻСء˺ģҲǺƭˡ
գ, һȻУ˸Ĵ۾ȥ޷ɡ
Ů˺һǰͺܴ޹Ů, Ȼλިйϵ
̫˼ˡ
ˮͰûȣЩС
ۼֿ죬˸Ͻץ˻
Ů޲ҪлѾϵ֡
æ, һʯ
Щ, Լʦں, ԲֻæǮ
ֱ׳ֱͦ塣
ڵҲǿǮġ
Ů޽ӹԼˮͰ, 鸴ӵؿ֡
ˡ϶ިһˡ
ҪǮ
Ů, Լĺɰͳһʯݸ֡
ֽӹʯʱüЦ
ллĵл, ġ
һʯҮԼģ
ֱʯֵطȥ
ʯСԼǮ
һǮ
һҪ, ȼʦҪʦ㿴ģ
Ů޿, Ϊ档
λ, ôûިһأ
룬û˵ԼǸմģǻһ˵
ߴ·ˡҲˡ
𣿡
Ů޻˵ͷ
ǰ, Ǻިһиպ·ިȲߵһһʯ
Ů˵Ŷ̾
һʯëިӡ
ǰŮ, ֻһʯ, ûҡ
۾һ, ĸȥˣ
Ůϸһ¡
ʱҲδ̫עǣֻԼǵãިҪȥץޡ޵Ļͦϲߴġ
ֵϢǸˣŮ޵лȥС̺
С̶£һֱ۰ͰͶķ򣬼ȥôòŻצڵġ
СǣҪҵʦˣ
ǰֱӾС̣Цϲ
Сƺûϲã̧צ
ǵϢֵϲ
ϲ֪ʦںδ
˵ʦޣ˵ϲߴ
ޡһ£ĸߴů塣
ϸһ£죺ѩϵɽɣ
Ĳϲѩԭ
ǣҡҡͷ޲ϲ֮أԽѩԭġ
⸽ҵ֪һ߷壬ҲԶ
˵áһ
ִ⸬ȡ⸬ݸлʱ֡
ʮʯ
һ㶡
̹ȻʦŬ׬ǮҿɲǮġ
ЦЦӽʮʯ֡
ķǮ
̰ʮʯ֮ǰһŷһ˺ð졣
⸬ݸС̵ʱ򣬺
ǴʦʦãҲܳԿġûǮһëë
Сֵ̿Щεġ
ҧסֵӣקߡ
ֱקһ£
СѾǰܣͷ֡
ȥ
ȹ׷ϡ
ò˵Сѧϰܿ죬һʼòţѾܽɡ
Ҫ׷ҪһЩ
Сӣܵõǿ졣
һֱ׷С̣Խ׷ѪζԽء
ЩţæסǰС̣СǣǰΣգ
ȻСֻͣͣԭزε׷ּǰܡ
ܵѪĵطͣ¡
һ·׷ü
˵غ˵ŲˡѪһأûκϢ
ڲõ֮ǰһս
ּСѾȥϵ䡣
˼Ǯӣצͳ˲ʯ
С߰Ͱұߣ߰˰˴һʯȫֵĽűߡ
һѼʯѸֺС̻ر𰮸ɾȥԱСˮϴϴצӡ
Ѿɵˡ
һٴηʡ
ֹֻСǣ֮ǰ治壿
ֻعҲȷˡ
ҪԼ
ְСצŪɾ̽ŵݳ⸬СŽӹ
ĬƬ̣ĬĬȹڡ
Сöÿһ仰Ҳ֪Щʵ˼
֪ʯʲôҲ֪ʲô
˵Ǯӡ
̾˿
ˣΪʲôԼҪǮɾͺأ߷иҪǮС̰

ֻǮҲ֣Żȥ
Űɣûþͻʬ
һš
ʬŶ˲ʡ
һµϵʯڵϵˡ
ʯ
ǵǮ¡
ӣӽͳԼС
ڵٿʱӦúܿ죬վǶŮΪǻơ
롭ǣ
ԡͷҲ̧С˼ҵǮܰõġܲ˵ǮҪ˼ʬҰɡ
û˵ˣδŮޡӣìܣ֡
С̹˺һҲֽŸǰֵͷ
û뵽Сֱӱץ˹צڵϰ˼¡
ָõʯҲҪ𡣡
С̸£ŬκֺⷽǿӲҪΪԼΪСôҲצӲڿһ¡
һһʵʵΪʯͶ
ȫֱ̱ۿţδ롣
ֱӳΣŲְæš
˶ˣ߲Ѫʵܡ
ҵһСˮ̲Сϴһ١
оѪϴˣ̲ס̾
ôˡ
ôᡣ
侲Į˵˵ˣֲ֪˭µ֡г𱨳ģûٵģ˼˵ģʤ
Ŷ
һ֣ˡǸŮ޻ר̫ΪĿ壬ҲרԴΪĿ塣
ʲôѷ
ѷֲȷ˵֡
Щ⣬û뵽֪֡ףûѷһޣڵͽʿһԡ˴򲻹ܲǮƷ
δɱ˳񫡣һѾԽԽˡ
˵ˡ£ŲԣרŴٵɱЩ˵ĻΪʲôʯϣ

Բѷģֻ˭
ֵײ˽ɾڵˣֻһŵ˽⡣ҪСġ˶Ǻ˵ġ
ɱ˵ģٵġ
ҡ
뾡ҵʦ㡣
һҵů壬ޡ
·ܿҵһƵɽ塣
ּϿС̣ɽ˺һ̲סͷСֹǲˣ
֮ǰʱҲûôԵķСС̣оһ߼򶼱ѹˡ
С̺ƢֱϣβһͷҲصǰߡ
̲סЦˡ
ôƢԡ
ȹ׷ȥ
û˵֡
˵Ĳԣǳˡ
⵹ƭС̵ġ
ʱС̻һӣڵС̷·糤ѾС۳ˡ
첲ǾǸˡ
ֻϸһС̡
ȷǳˡëѾ˼壬צҲ˲١
Ǵһӽ˰ڡ
ֻͦгɾ͸Уóһ⸬ȥιС̡
ûҪС̸һβ͡
ûβء
Ӳģ϶ûβͺ
ֵ֪βʲôоһֱ׷С̺
ҲҪʯһ¡һ¡
һָֻ˵
ȻС̻ҪըëˣͷһξֵܾҪѾӾܡ
Сǰ֫˺ȣǻˣܵö֪ôˡǶƣ˸ѧ·
ֱֻЩ롣ɵСôһܣˣȹ׷ȥ
ֻһգۣСѾ׷СܳȥԶˡ
̾׷ȥ
ɽ壬ŨһЩֵζ
ֿС̣С̾ԶһԱߣڶҿ
Ž῿˹ȥ
һ̣ϵһСѾƴһ˲ȥ
һߣ
ֿһͷĺͷߡ
ӲС̵塣
ɫһ䣬̴ӽͳָһȥ
ֽڰڻ
æǰȥȴһǽķ
Сǣ
ּеĴǽôҲȥ
ż
һһĻ֣żҲûáůĽ硣鴳룬ͻȻڽ硣
͵һͷ
֪Ϊβ˵
鲢ޱ仯
¿ʧ󡣡
ֺżҲûʱƽϡ
һ͸ǽСѾ˫ͷ߲һ
˫ͷǸֳβۣϴӱϮС̡
Сȴȫ·硣
˫ͷС̫Сǣצӽ˫ͷߵ
η֮䣬ܳ䲻ݺץ¶ԷƬ
ͬѪ졣
˫ͷһţһɶ
С̶ٿ죬Ҳ㲻˿еĶ
˷ֻҪȥ
С̺ܶҲ˷ʱ䣬ڵ¶Ƥӡ
ֿͷһҧضСǡ
ᡭİɡ
СѾʧȥ˵ֿ֮˫ͷſ죬ʼСǵĴС
ͷͬʱſ죬һǰһ£Сģ
ֻǶ̶һ˲СֱӱѸٷצݺݴ̴˫ͷߵߴ硣
˫ͷ۵Сȴܲˣں˫ͷҧһڣצ˺˫ͷߵߴ硣
צϣͳһ
˫ͷʧȥСˡ
С̺ȥצٴκݺݸ˫ͷߵĲӡ
ͷڵء
СѾѪ
ǽʧ
ֳȥСǣ
Сȴ̧צӣֱ¡
ϤһĻֻ˵
ֻܸϽС̼һ
߹ǲĹͷѣȹҲԵ۶ϡС̣צ˫ͷߵ߹ǣצҲѪܵģָ׶ϿŤ
ֱС̣˵Ȱѷһ
Сǣ治֪˵ʲôá
ֲҪģҲ֪ô¡
ߡȥ˫ͷ߷һ£ֻеС̡
Сǡ
ͷҲ̧
ȻʧЦԣ
һջСǾȻ׵ɱһߡ
ԣסСǺԼҪʲôʲôÿһǼƻõġ˸ⷶ롣Ҫģߵ
۶ֻСǡ
µĵڶˡ
黯ǿ
ٶȣֻҪ˼죬޳ˡ
ֻСǣʲô
ȴû⡣
С˺ЩһʱгСǲƽ˻˯
ԾͱһԵˮ̶ϴѪ
ϴϴţֺȻо̫ԡ
еСǡ
ˡ
ԼߣƤë̶Ӳ˵ѿѾȻϡβ֪εأֵϡ
ء
ֳرͷ
һ̣Сǡ˵һֻǳǣۡ
̵濴һ̣צļͷһơ
ʧأ˲䱻ѹŵڵϡ
ѹ࣬ƯҰԵ
ֺȻЩţ˵ˡ
ССǣ
һ̣ݵ״£ֵĶϡ
л˵
~
еǿ밤
~


38 
ְѴһ, 
ͷȥ
Сͦɰģô, أĸоЩ˵ġ
׶ʳģֶһ, ҧԼһڡ
ϸһ¡
Ǵˡ
ߣĽ˵ǳ״̬, ̧צʱԸ֪̲ص
ĺĽٶȡǰһСź, ǸСźꡣ
ôеǾ쳤ɴӣ
Ǵ˹, 뿿, ȴص
ҧҡ
ָ, в¶ݣҵݿɱҪҧңҾҧȥ
ǷŮĿ, ضԭ, ӦԼڵģ
ֿһ, ֿһ, ֱȻһ¡
оԼԭͶûһ
Ҳ
, Ѿڻۡ
֮ǰҪԣϢҲǱöࡣ
һЩҪΣա
ǰʱ, Ƕ¶һ̫Ƶ, Ҫ̫ද, ôţ֪ǲĿ
һܡռǡ
ҲֻǸǡ
֣Ц˵ֹôҸԸ޵ʦֻֻԺǰ;ޡ
ȻЩ̫ӦȻǣǾҪȥġ
ᵽһ㣬Ҳ̲ס룬ʦ᲻Ҫһͽأ
ǻ᲻ȥأ
Щ⡣Ҫġ
ҵʦ㣬ôʦĿʦͬ˵ĻҲԸ⣬Ϳԡ
ô˵ţȴûпһۣʼĿ֡
Щ̫Ȼرͷȥ
֣С̵ʱ򣬱˵ǿˣſͷŶǿɰģôǻһֻǣֻǳһȦʶҪԶ
˼ȥЩǸոƵΪ
ԣвԡ
ֶָоĲѾһΣա
ЩΣܵġ
Ҳ͵£С̱ɴǺʼ޷ֽűߡ
Ƿצӣɤ﷢͵͵
ּװûļꡣ
ʵҲСһֱʼû뿪̱ԶϿܲܽܡ
Ҳܽܡ
ѵӲĳ
ůɽ嶥ˣҲûҵʲôޡ
˵˫ͷ⣬ɽûбķޡ
ֲɵ뵽ӵɭ֡
Ҳǣ߽ȥûгֻһ˵١
йһξֽ¶ࡣ
ɽˮ
ϡǡٲ
ֻ˻
һ̣ӱקק
צṴ
СʱڣĴɫܸ࣬̾ܵһѹȸСǵľҲᱻֵһʱ䷢֡
ֵͷ۴ǣ·˲١
һߵĺܻƹһǣǰһƬˮ̶絶ȥһ룬ˮӷ嶥۵ˮ̶С
ˮ̶ɫէһܿˮ׵ʯ̦
ϸſе
ûлϡǰġ
һȦϡ
ֹǿˡ
ְʲôѪѹƵڣɡ
𣿡Ҳɫ̫áӽȡԼС룬ʱҪֵ׼
һ̣С뿪ʼ
ɽˮ̶䣬γһС
˻һϽͣ¡
ȻСûԱһڼ
С𣡡ЩżоôȥСҪһɽͷȫˡ
С뻹ȡ
Ƭ̣ˮ̶Ͽγһˮ
ˮ֮УַһɫӰӡ
СڳԱˡ
ջСʱһ
СôоҲһȦ
ܲǳҲ󣬾ɣ
ֿСô£ֻǽԼָ⣬ضǸˮ
ˮ󣬴ˮ̶Ϸѳˮŷ糯Ʈ
æ˺˼
̫ˮһЦֹ֪û˵ˮ
־뵽Сǲ˫ͷߡǲϲ
ûַɿ˵Ҳϲеߡ
кߣһĺֶ꣬
ΣۿǼˮѾ˹ÿˮеĺӰŤ˳壬ѾſѪڡ
ֻãϷ˵ˮǿˮرػмˮ֮أر
Ҳأǲϲˮġû뵽һ仰վˡ
رжʯǧûУ
צ
Ѿ˵ȫĵطõرļֵȻǸóǧʯ
ǾǱֵ̫Ǯˣ
ֶʱˡҪǧʯѽԼҪǴ򲻹Ļ
ֻڳɣѾקǰ·ڸ
Сǣ𣿡ʡ
ǵ͵һֶˣһ׳СӽаγԼĶСལ
ˮϮ
ָ˸ڽϣһ̣һնˮ
һӳˮȴޱ·ûκεֿȻˮ
ˮ֮еĺӰŻСལֻڶ̶˲䣬СལϮ
ϹôĹδüƣǺӰ˵ˣ
ͬһʱ̣һԾצݺץӰֻһֱֵۣջӰѾڴǵצŤ
ǺСʱرʵ
ԲצӰźӰߣƵģţŪ
ֱ֣·ڵȴֵһ佱
־δδü˵ʲôˮ˲ը
ˮ֮һɰ˵ǰһչĻ
̵˺
ƴԼڲ󳭹ķָ̻һڴϣٻһԼ
С۶ܺȫ뿪ˮܻṥķ롣
ֲŴһǼˮѿӰֹ߳
̧Сལ룬СལӽȡԼС𴸡
С𴸽Ӳӵأ˸ɾĹâ
һСɵߡ
ȻѾСȥˡ
ܺãõλСǰһ̣ǸСشԴ
Ǹ©ȱ©ģĴӯһצץ¡
̫Ĭ·𾭹εĺ
ֵСһȥܰСҵֱͦͦˤڵϲצµĺӰ߸ǿ಻ԡ
ˮԽĶ࣬ˮ̶ϿѾһ޴ˮУˮ֮Уһ׳ɻ־ߣˮ֮Уɺۿ֣ӡ
ֻһۣ͵ͷԼС𴸡
Сӻ̫Сˣһȥ򲻶߰ɣ
ȥǲǵʦæٴһӳ
ϱιȥĺӰʧˡ
ͬʱˮƤ϶ˮʼۡ
ۣҪץ
ȴ̧צӣסҪץ֡
ǵ͵һЩȰ֮С
Ѿú޲ڵϴˡܺܣ۶̡
ˮ֮еĴβͣˮг
ֹ˲ֱӰѽ֮еķһѳ
׵֡
ˮбֵַǻֱڻˮС
һŶԸˮûûд
кöġеԨȥһѡ
ָŻڵڶˮϮͬʱѸӳ
ˮлδ˳ˮ̶ͱڻ
Ϳ԰
ֹ
Զѡ
ȥֲκκôﲻΪնɱˮܵõǧʯ
ˮ̶֮Ѿۼ˵ˮС
ַӦˮ̶ǳֻҪ룬ҪˮожˮУĻȡ֮ġҲĵʱ
ʼˮ֮Уûж֡˱ˮȥĽǻᱻԵɡ
ôߣ϶Ժġ
ֲ뱻߳ԡ
Ҫô죿ֽضˮľߡ

ˮȻηƣ˲ˮֹﲻ׷𣿹йԽ׷Թʽ
ҡûй
ľСལСˡ
Сֻ
ûйô죿
ѾóֵˮУǵצѾԷȥֵĽˡ
ֲ֪ʲôǴӽͳһѵķ
Сǣȥӷ
ǳţ˺ð죬˼׷
ϵȼƷ׷
׷ȼһ̣׷
צӳˮ֮еļˮջأ׷ŴǵĶ·𱻹˹һ룬צһͣ׷ٴԽˮУֱмˮ
ŭ
ɽػζˮ̶еˮ
վȣȫǿѵķ죬ҡҡλεأȫǹñס
ַڴǵıȻ֣ǾȻǿԳȵһɽ
̧ǵĶ䡣

Ȼܰ׷
ȴôһ¶䣬ǺػӲ˿
ǵв
ֲΪʲô˻ôƢԡ
һ׷ִҲҪôͬѧŴǣʣ༸Ʒ׷һһˮ֮ȥ
ˮ벻ˮ
Ǹˡ
ˮкؽ䡣
ˮ̶С
ˮ̶ˮ˿ֻ̼һӡ
ʯͷ¶
ַָԼһķԼӰˡ
ǰǧʯ
ˮ̶ĵزտҲ
ףǧʯأ
ЩãȻæôһ죬һʯû
ҧӣͷָ˷
ȴǵɽϵˮ١
һˮ޷ΪٲֻһɽȪˮ
ˮѾ𽥸͸
¶ɽеһѨ
ֳǧʯȥ
Ƕԭأֱشˮͳˮ
ټһƬֵˡ
ȴ޸оֱצӴߴ紦˽ȥ
ˮ֮Уֱӱ
Ǵ㻯𣿡
ЦŴǡ
ˮҲʲô洦ɼĵͼ飬϶˳Ρ
Ƥû̧δ֮ǰֱӳצϵƬ̺ʧ
Ƴȥ
Цȥֻǡ
ɽҵɽֻҵһݡ
ɽڵÿһ䶼˸顣ͺͺģֻһݡ
ʱֻһݵĸǰҧŴί
СǡͷָŲޱܣûʯˡ
ǧʯһ̫ӣʲôûˡ
һݡ
ǣһֻ껹Բݡ
״һܡ
ֻ۾֪ǰ
һζҩҩɱ겻ɢݣԽɻ
Ψһһֿ԰úñķʽ
ֻݻδǰǸͨСݡûκá
ϲֻᵱӲݡ
ʾְѲȡˡ
˼ȥԼܰһˣֻܰڳ
һſտɽʣ˵ؿر
Ȼҡͷֻһݡ
ָ̯Щڴϲ㿴᲻ʲô˵Ĳݣ
ϸҡͷ
ŶһװС
ֹʧЦЦҳǧʯʹݡΣ
һ㶡
ǧʯ
ôһݣ
ָӦɽȴٺصĽŲ
ҿˣ
ˮرȻ¶
ɽ⣬ˮ̶ʮʿ
Ϊ׵Ǹͷ䣬һ͵ļ⣬һܸоڲ
΢΢ü
̫ѷôˡ
ѷֻ֡Ů˵ɾԵʿɱ˶ᱦޡ
ôһĹѷѾɽһǡ
֪ʱѾϴһߡ
һСǣһˡǣи
մ󵶣Цűƽ
ıǰɣ㲻
˵ʱĿ֡
΢΢üЩƫͷȥ
ûбǿյġ˵ꡣʿһЦ
ûбƭأ
ѷ´֣ûۣһͷ̬˶ǵŮĸǰ̵۶ʱɱ硣
ûбǱˡ
㣬·һ֪ѱ𣿹
ûЦ꣬ѸԾմѪצ˺ȥ
ѷ̧赲
һ̣ǵצ£ķѡ
ѷƵ˼ɫ΢䡣
ܣһͷǡ
һͷǶ򲻹
ҧݣ˵̬Ѿӵ̬ȡ
һ۸ʦ˵۸Ҫȥ
óԼСལ룬ջȥС𴸡

ЩʿֻŮлһɫСǴ
ǺȻЦ
һСӡ
Сˣֶ㻹໣
Ϊ׵ѷǸޣηЩЦųֻû˵꣬һ̧ȥֱֱӱϡ
ҲסˡС𴸣ȻСʵСལ˶ۣ
ѷǱŭˣһָֺǡ
Сץˣúýһʲôйԡ
ƥǣƤ
һ⻰ɫ
ѷһһģǰƤֻ
ʱ
ˮ̶ϴС𴸣Ľű߶һѵʯͷ
ѷһ˴򲻹ӲֵǮĶȫѺˣŻ׵ɽȥ
ֺʹˮ̶ϴϴЩʯͷ
Ȼһǧʯ
׬ѽ
ֺȻ뵽ʲôʹСǣҪȥ׷ǰɣ
׷һδһΣһһǮ
ûκ顣
Ȼоɾ֮еĶͽҪˡ
һƬԡިЩ׬ʯԱὣͬڵ˵Щʲô
ި˽ɫӡ
뵽ԼҿɰСʦãֽ̧סˡ
˵ʲô
ިӡ̧˸񣬶˵˵Щɾֵһԡ
ԣѷިҲЩš
ǲǣʿҡͷԣǲѷġ
˵ǸŮޣһɫĴӡޱȣһȥҵɽ
ѷһУҪǮ׷ѷʿˡ
˰ŮǸҪǮߵҪǮ
˵·ӶҪ޶һë
ިţ°ͣ绹еڶýɫӵŮޡ
Щ˿еĿ϶ԼСʦˡСʦùɿɰ
ҵǾţλӺʺǰ
ިһ㶣̧ͷ˵ʲôǸŮ޽ʲô
ʿظһ䣺ӡ
ިĬƬ̣˾䣺Сӡ
֮֡ۼеͬ顣
Ұæһɡ
ԲСʦһ⡣
Σա
ͬԣʵҵ֮أ
ިЦúͰᡣ
л˵
~ϼӸ~
~


39 
ֿһС, ѷɢˡ
ѷ˸ǼܡΪޣδֹŹֵĴӣһͷ÷, ô֣ûأͷöˡ
ͷΣյĴǣҿһ, оҪûˡ
ɾպĴ壬ʹ˸
ںӱǮǧʯһһѵط֡
ʦһ, ʦһ, ʦһѡ
ǧʯֵ, ʣͷ
ͷȫѵСǸǰǸĳ͡
СǺ, ֺܴһ, رġ»ᱻ͵Ϯ
ںӱϴֵ
̾˿ʲôᣬÿζ֣ǶԶǸ, żָʲô, ԼӲ롣
Ļ˵, ڵͷûʲô, ֻмܶʡ
ľսթ˵ѺЭ
, ԷҲһǡ׬Ķ࣬á
ֲʯ, Ͼĺġÿ콻ķǮء
ֺʹǷֺʯ, , ʴǣʲôʱҵʦ㣿
ʯ׬˲٣ɾҲ˲ٵءɾҲʦ㡣
˵ȥޣûҵ˵Ҵʦ㣬Ҳûҵ
ҵʦ㡣
צӴϥϣġ
ֹϴ֣ˮգżȻ俴ԶһƣָָǰһĨףǱ߿ޡ
Ѿ̫Ļˡ
ޣûҵҵʲôˮʮȵĴ֩룬ܴľ޴򾡣
ÿζǱ
ȥָ·Ļ˳ɻᱻɡ
Ψһֻȹڣ̾˿
߰ɡ
յƲԽԽ
ɫҲԻ谵
ţȻо˲١
ⲻǴԶԶͿ֮ǰ·ѩԭ
ԽԽѩԭݵϿʼϰããѩ¶轵
̴򿪽ңȥһ
ɫġ
˺һ
ԨĶʲôʱԼˣһļѡȫװûһߣһԼһһССǴ
СǲϣôҲϡѾѩԭıԵϮСʼնöûаΪɪӡ
䣬áĽˡ
ԨˡͬԨ˵䣬˵һͻͳ䡣
Сǡ
С񣬸ϴǵĽŲĥĥǰȻߡ
գգۣװԼ֮ǰʹǱ־ӡ
ëҲëףë׾Ǳůġ
̧ͷʲôû˵ߡ
ѩԭСֻԽ߻ѩԽ񡣵ϥǵĲݴϸǵĶǰѩѩѣһȥǸʯͷ
ߵʱ䳤ˣѩԭʧȥ
һۿȥ˷ѩɫġ
üǵԶʱѩԭֻвһ飬ɽ͡ǴⰻȻɽ塣
ô߽ˣ·ѩ½һ޼ʵĶѩ
þˣ۾ܡ
һɡͣ£ͷ
һߵģǴδ߶Ҳ
ֻԭغСǵ˺һҲûеȵ
ѩԭΨһɫˡ
̲סڴǵࡣ
Сǣôû
·˰ɣ֮ǰûж
ѩԭ·᲻ᱻ
³һںʼԼڲ󳭵顣
κѧͦ࣬ůĻûѧ
óһŻָҡҡ
ȼĻûһѩƮϨ
ֵȵȫ䡣Ҳûеȵ
ԸоС÷
ˣҧҧֵӡ
ԥ£վҲô죿
ôô졣һ񶼲Ǹˣȴֻ֪ᵣģצԭһ¡
צ£һ޴ĺɫӡ
ӡڣ׷֪
οǲ߶ֻбԼ֪
ȴû뵽ô࣬ƮѩǰܿĶֻаããһƬֲ巽Ҳɽ͡
һǳһŵ˼ԽԽ䡣
Ƕഩһ·䡣
ûˣצӰһ¡
ûʲô˼ҧֵ֣䵽Լëϡ
ġ
ȥĻλûе¶ȵġ
ֺȻӦŶһֻ꣬һƤëãΪʲôҪܶ
̱غꡣ
һССĺֻдǵȸߡ
ɫĴԭؿСû
ͷС
ֺµضеըë֪Сûж⣬Եıܻ᲻Ծġ
Ȼ󣬴ȣſڵϣͷһ
С̽ŰצӴǱһ
һȷ뷨Ǳ
֧
צӽëСһţǱŲءѩĳһƬҫۡ
ȽѩѰҷ
һһߵġ
ûиոôˣҲոߵôۣβͣȥѩ
ܸоڷСѩ󣬹һԾСѩ˸Ȧ
ֺصǱϡ
׺ݡ
һҧŶ
ƤӶû̧
ǡ
ǱСڰѩ߳һֱ·
ͦоġŲ֪ȥãʱţһţҲ̧Ƥ
ĺ䡣
С̳һСԲţͷɵĴβͣԼëëҲġ
ĺܲϲֺ䡣ϲѩϲŽ¶ʧȥ䡣
ѩûѩããİɫ࿴һ۶ͷΡ
ֲ֪ΪΣоԼƣ뵽ûһ˿
һأоϵСϢȣͣ½šС˸ʯͷڵȣŤͷҧСĺ󾱣С𵽻
䡣
أɵëմѩЩǱĴᣬʪȫȻƽģ
ǵͷ
ָоˣأۣ֫۶롣
СǡСߺƵģжòҵʦѽ
ôʦ㱧
ࡣ
ԣȫģ
ѩԭʲôڼȡľ
СȦסԼȡůûʲôá
С˯ˡ
ǲԥצһ
ſ¡
ǵ鴤ʼձȦСӲѪٴ˺Ƥ˳ļʪƤëɫĴǣѾôһЩĺ졣
ҲѪ͵¶ȣСŴǣȡ¡
ھʹ󣬳ĬƬ̣忪ʼ仯
֫޳Ƕ|ѩԭϡ
ֱӴֵĽңԼ֮ǰѴϡ
Щ
üƾѵĿɳȣжϳԼڵ
Ҳ֪
̾С뻳Уָ˸ʧµСů
ۣβͼߺߡ
Сǡůѽ
ţ˯˯ɡڡ
û˵Щɬ˻ơ
֣׼ѰʱеСŲţΡ
źҡźβŮſĻС
ɫǶ˲
걻˵ˤѩ
ĻѩһƬףѩһֶⶼѩȾˡ
ĻУࡣǼᡣ
ŵѪ
СϹˤѩ
Ҫʲô
Ҳ벻ܶ
شʱȻ뵽ףʹǣı˵أ
Ȼƣ룬ȻƤأֻǿۡ
ԼʮƯ꣬һ˫ɫЩ䣬ɿʱġ
ƯͷһԺɫǶ
֣ãࡣ
񡭡Ϥ
ºûǣ˵ƯǱƯҪ£޺ᡣ
ûмꡣ
ô룬ﶼûС
ǲ֪ΪΣƫƫǰϤϤϤ
գûжЩ˵ڴ
ڴϳ˵Щʲô
ʲôá
궢˺ð죬ֻܿ۵׵Ǹġ
Ľȥûϳ
Ҳ֪Ǻ»ǻ¡
һ
ȳȥ̫ˣܲˡ
걧ʱҲɣֱһֻ˸ٴΰϡ
˲оӷѩﴫĺ䡣
Ҳ𽥻¡
ֱϣλøһء
һͷܿǶԥ˺ð죬֣̽Ƕ˴
ɤ﷢һƺߣ̧ͷ˸롣

Ƕ
ΪǶͺһ
ꡣ
ջ֣߸Ŷһ
ԭСѽ
Сǣ㻯ˣ
Եż죬Ȼܻˡ
һ̣־ͷ֣괩Ԩѡ
Ԩһʱǻ˺µġ
괩ĺ£ϸ岢̫ķ
Щش˴ļ
ô˵··ã
Լ·ˣԨҲȥΪʲô·ãС
֪Լ˭ʱ򣬻ǾҪȥ
뿪֮ǰһҪ֪һ¡
Ϊʲô뿪
ֱϣû׷𣿡
ⶼˣòʲôɡ
ؿԨδǺˡ
룬ʲôᣬǱģÿҪʮʯǮġ
ǲ֪ΪΣֻǻСǵĻ
¶Ȼֱִ
ΣС꣬ôҲ۰ɡοСôС첲ѹˡ
ߵˣ
ҵʦ㣬һƬѩԭУʲôֲˡ
˵ɽͣޣȥķûС
Ԩָ˸һɽը
ѩԭ˵ر֮ơ
Ԩ俴Ǹ򣺡ץС֪ˡ
κԨ֮ǰȻָֻͬѩԭĶ·ɴܡ
֮ѩʼڻ
һǳһŸСǵ󣬿ž׵ػѩԭСһһ£⡣
˳˼Щȷ룬ͺĲͬ𣿸ջεСǾô

ֵͷԼ֣ĬƬ̣ӽͳС룬һֿʼ
һţݵһ»ѩأ׷һţ׻ѩ
ѩԭĶֻ²
Ԩ棬ٴָȥֻСʱһ·쵽ĵط
֨֨֨ĽƵ
󣬱һһѩѩ˳ſ˵Ľűߡ
ѩͣˡ
Ұ𽥱ߵɽ壬Զɭ֣ܿ
ѩĳ
ѩͨɫκëñһҪһȦëһЩҲһ㡣
ѩ󡣻ͨѩȡ˵ľԨѩҡҡ
ѩֱװһ
֮ǰԽԽƣ룬ԭڴˡѩͨѩɰ˵ľߣЩѩܽѩξнʳһա
һֻͲΪߵѩֻҪ֪ʲôܺץ
ֶֻѩ˺һҧָСǣֻǮ
ѩһ
Ԩֵһ£⸬һӶ̲סƽⲻ㡣
ǧʯࡣ
һ㶣ֻѩ󣬺̫һֵ̫Ǯ
ԨֽѩǿһС
̫ӲֵǮ
˽֪¹λ̫ӾǱľ֡䵽أǧʯ̫ǰˡ
һʼǧʯܶࡣǵԼ׬ô󣬾;̫ӿܲǺֵǮû뵽ȻôֵǮ
һӣֶ̫Ӻʧ
̫ӣôôֵǮأⲻݡ
̾˿ˣҵʦߴʦ㣬̫ӻûһֻѩֵǮǻѩǮɡ
ץѩѩԭҲָСŷ֣ʼмת
ѩôãö˯ˣֻǱ˷һֱڴת
е㲻ˣŴӴ˴ѩ
󣬴óȥǮ˵㡣
ѩԭָСֺܿ
ѩԭıԵڵƺڹ۲ʲô
ԶԶ֣Ҫ˵Ŀȴֵࡣ
һָһأݵóꡣ
òƯһ˫̱ʯͷһǶ
ҵԼ
ֹġ𣿡
꿴ߺܲ䡣
Ҫش𣬵ͺϤ
ÿֻǲʱв˺
ǵģϲͷ꣬ҵСǡ
Ԩ˵ûκη
˵Ǿǡ
ָֻ˵꣬ԥһ£СʣҲô˵Լġ
˵Ǿ仰ʱȫСδͬ⡣
ϲԨ˵һСҲϲġ
Ԩȴ赭д˵ô˵ǡ
ֻȻˡǾġ
ЦЩȻһСǣջߣʼСץѩ¡
˵ѩֵ̫Ǯȥ̫ˡ
ôһֱûȥ
鵭˵ҷѩЩϲζûϡ
˵ԵĻν
һ߹ѩԭһֻ˲һӣ͵ִɽš
ɽʱܸоƵᡣ
ɽҰʻðѿ֦ůůĹ⡣
һжֺϲġ
ߵúܿ죬ǰкôһƬ
һֱ̣ϵһϸסշ
ѽӰɣ
Ԩǰָһһֱӻϸ׹ʱѾǰ̧˳ƽ뻳С
ֻδͷʣǡ𣿡
δ䣬ӻ˼ˡ
ʿ
һΪץˣôץ˸Сѣ
ʿŮֱ´ֺԨ
۴ͣӴλѲúÿԼҲôÿֱʰֱʡ
ôץˣ
иʿȺ߳ϸһһУһ³Ӳݣû
λѣʲôɵģôˣ
Զ궥һǶΨһ˵˵ģֻˡ
ֻĻУЩᵽޣ۾
ҽ֣ǾŵӣҴʦġ
ʿ㶣ϸһ֡
ɡ㰡
ͷôԼ
Щߵصͷ
ި˵ľ㰡
͵̧ͷʦ㣿
ԡ
ʿֺǺǵ˵ԵȰͰʦ㡣
˵꣬ʿתȥһ
ȥިӣʦˣ
л˵
޶ƤԪƤ̿зʱ~



40 
Сˮݱ߷˼ľͷСʶ, ֹؾСʶϣ˫ַϥϣЩнصͷ
, öࡣ
˵Ƕ࣬Լ߰˸ŮŮͶҪǶ˵
ӵ֪ިСʦú, ȺʿΧţʶ
ЩʱΪѾƢԣɵôĴΧסԼЩ̫ڵ, ҿ, ͷָ
Ԩվ, ־Ͳͣس󱳿, ֱܸоԼ, ΢е㰲ȫС
Ǽʿިһ·ŻģֻһĹͬǰǮ
֮, 
, ڿʱ, ̲ס֡
С, 軨˶Ǯģ
̧ͷС˵ҵ衣
Ϊʲô뻯εǱ˵裿ѵͲͬ
ֻԨͬ, Сǣͬһ
Ԩǰᵽʱ, ԸоĲϲ
ôϲ
Ԩֵļ, ҿǡ
, С裬̬Ǹ裬ʲô
ֶʱͲˣüĿ֣ŤͷһһòҪǡ裬ʲôôʡ
Ǻܲõġ
û˻£˵棬øֻһ裬СᱻεԼƤҲܻᱻǵ
һô˵ô˵
˵þˣԼţͱ˲һ
ϲܲϲġ
Ԩ죬˵ʲôáһֱʱεأ£ֱ˼䡣
ǿֵıѾЩȻʲôû˵
ʿȻһˣҪǮ㲻Ҫ裬óȥˣôÿ裬ܻǮŵһ֣
һ⻰վҧŴŭضǸʿ
ΪʲôҪ˵ֻ
٬ۣ赱ǲ˶֪
ӽţЩ
Сͬ飬裬Ĵڡ
ǰίҲ֪ίʲôܵľ˶е㷢
衣ظһΣҵͬ顣
С˵úܼᶨ
ֻعͷظ˵ʱεضҪ˵ֻ㲻ǣҲǡ
һ䣬᲻š
ֻԨˡˣͷǱһ룬һ۵ġ۵ɫ΢΢ףѪɫ
񡭡ʲô
֮ǰҲ˵ûһܾʲôãģȴųġ
ԨĬš
Ǽʿ˶˷ѾûиոյĲ䱸ʿ̧־͸һס
˵ǰȹӡ
Ұȥˣ˻𣿡
˵ʿҲ֪Լ˵˻һЦа׸ݣüǮȻǮС
ǰɡ
ʿ߹˵ͬǸ˵һֱ㣬ȷᡣⲻǵĴСðˣʯ𣿡
ֲ
ڶʯû顣Щܣ˼
Ķһ֪
ʿһӽͳ˰ʯװ˸֡
ֲӣԨһֱ
˳Ĭֿ֣ܵԨܾǰڳ༫˵ġ
ڶɾڣģǰЦ棬ʯ飬ı۵֡
ֻΪһʡ֡
Ԩֽ߬ȭһԼ֮ǰ˵˶ٴ裬ж಻ϲ
ڶ̶ʱ΢ı仯ҲЩʿ׽ˡ
֪ΪСߵڻǵãǲ֪ΪʲôСŮôУ˵ߵѣ
ЩʿҲûкĴһʱ˽֡
űۿߣŮǶĳĬƺЦһ˹
ҵʦ𣿡
̧Ϥ
ڶİ˵Ļ£СǺϤġҲġ
ҡҡͷЩǺʹʦһģߣҪȵʦ㡣ȴʱ䣬ܲ
ʿһ̾˿ץץͷӽ﷭һŷ΢۵죬ǹ
ϽСʦÿ챻۸ˡ
ֽʧûõĹŽеŮ޴ɽһ·У䣬͵ִɽƽء
µŮƯὣҴҰȺһ۾ͿϣͷĬŮ
Сʦá
ިôͱ۸ˣ
ǰ
̧ͷ
Ǵʦ㣬ֱ˼²һǻ¶ĵĴʦ㡣
ӣȻԼôΪһ仰׵ءǴʦĻ϶ɡ
̫ˡ
۰ͰͶŴʦ㣬ſ˫ۣС˵ʦ㣬һ£𣿡
еܣдʦ㱧һµĻͻõġ
ިﻹǵԼ֮ǰ˵ĻĽŵһߣֱǰһѰСʦ§СʦõԴ
ԣ˭۸˸ʦ˵ʦͷ
һ˽ɾʲôˣҲʦʱʼĻŻŵġҵ˴ʦ㣬ڻۣĶˡ
ȻȻϲ˵ġ̰ʦʦʦָᡣ
Ҫ
Ǹ̰ĵСꡣ
ּʦ󣬲һ¡
ʱѾȥˣʦСͽܣʦʦֵСʦãˡ
ϲϲݡ
ʱʣһˡ
ִӴʦ㻳̧ͷգգۣ¶һЦ
ûб۸ʦˡ
˵Сǣû۸У¶Ŷβ͵İͺϸ衣޲Ӧúġ
ިСʦÿ˺һԹԵһţȦû죬ЦҲʵġ
ǡСӿ϶Ǳ۸ˡ
ȻһҪСΪԼصĺܺãʵϣģҪ϶ϱסˡ
ިСʦõԴԣһҡ
ּʦ㣬ʲôˣվֱ壬ʦͷ~
ި赭дɨǶ꣬ٵ
˾ʲôקʿĲӣǿϵһ࣬
ڵ֪Сᵽʣȴӳ༫õϢУѾ֪ԼСʦǰʲôӣިˡָͷ졣
ô죿
Ҳ֪Сʦõʱ϶ʸͷˡ
ިЦǺǵֱȥȺоСߣͰ׵˵Ҫ˵ЩĻ
Сʿʲô֪ġҲǸ첻ߵģѾ˵ȥˣô죬¡
Ҳ֪ިСʿ˵ʲôĻٴγʱСʿĶ⣬˲١
ֻڸָިܣҴʦ㣬ģ
˵ʱ۾ġ
Ԩ濴ܿģ١ϲλʦ㡣
δ˵ϲ
Ǽġ༫ʱ֮ʹδйֿϲˡ
ǳ༫˲ϲԨһ֪
ިѾѵСߣɨǶꡣ
ƯͺСΣϢһͨ塣
ިῴΣԴվб
ֻһۣȷǰǶ꣬Σա
ֻվСʦӣצŬĲԡ
ިüɨ
СʦãЩģ
ںʹʦսС̣СǻΣСǿ졣
ʦ㣬еٶȺÿ죬ǲǺ
ţͦġިƤЦⲻЦأǶꡣ
αװһСԼʦɶƭʦûУӲۡǶ꣬˳Ǹʲô
ҾģֱͦţЩЩȻظʦرս
ިЦգһ
Сʦ
ܾһٸ۵̫ӡ
˹֣λިӰɣ
ҵ˵ǣŲһ̫ӵ¡
ިĻ˸
Ĭ£һӦŤͷ
գۣҲڿ
ȷʣҲ̫𣿡

Сʦò֪ɡިЦԼСʦüһָȵؽܣλ̫ӵ¡
ֱ㶶
̫ӵ£
̫ӣ
ҧ
ԼԣһǸ
Բ𡭡
ҧָεؽֺڵϲȥ
Ҳ֪̫ӣ˵ˡ
̫ӵ棬˵̫ӲֵǮ
̫ʧˡһΡ
ʧЦְ죬ʳƭ㣿
Ҫǧʯ˵İɡָ˸ʵɣϾʱʶʱ֪̫ӵĻ˵ϣץ̫ȥҴʦ㡣Ҫôʦ㿴һǧʯ
ֵ̧ŴԼЦ
ɶҺˣʲô˵ء
ިˡò˵ԼСʦãļ񲻵˸Σյ˸۶ൽǵ̫ӡ
ΨһĺôǣôߣӦʲôΣյġ
ި̧˸һӰԼС
ЦЩ濴֡
ûˣʦ㣬ôˣ
ҶɾɲǸʲôõطڵ˸ǻµСʦڶɾ֣˵϶һЩ֪鷢ˡ
ɫ߷ȫߴʦ㡣
ҪöɾＸȥ壡
ިһָ򦣬˼Ƭ̡
У֪ˣǲзˣ
ˡȡС룬ϵǱѹˣѣһ
ʦ˵ҵɾ飬˾ʹɾšʱ뿪ɾ
ˡ
ިۡ
һЩ֪Сʦû˵ôõˡҪȥȡһŵˣȻðΣա
ǸС̣ôģިʣҲ
ɵôĵŭ
ڣȺ쵰⡣
УȥҶɾ顣
֮뿪ɾȻʱ䳤ˣСʦò֪᲻ܵʲôӰ졣
˶٣ި״Ʋ֣ͷǸǶģδ
˵С뵽Լ֮ǰľСʴʦ㣺Ժǻʦܿ죬Ҳ塣
ި룺ʦȥҪͬ⣬û⡣
̴Ӧˡ
ިӡ
˵صʿֿ
ިֻͬйϵģңԶЩިϵһģý
ިֵģֻԨ
ǸʿҪһ㡣
ֺިʿˡ
ިӣ֮ǰ˭˵ҪԼʦõģ
ôһ˵ˣź嶼
ިᵽһ磬뵽˴˵еСԡɡ
һۡ
ãȻ룬Ѿһľ׮ˣҪƨ
ʦ㲻ѽ
е±ƨɣûٶŲߡ
˵㶼ˣⶼѧЩʲô߰ģȥʦʰŹ֡
ʦʰ˫ҲҪʰ
һʱӦ̴ԼĽУͳ˼ǧʯһȫʦ㡣
ʦ㣬Ǯˣ
ϲصȴſ佱
ިѵû˵
ǧʯ
ͦõġި⼸ǧʯűһ£װӣ֣´βˡ
õġ
ʵͷֻٴٱ˵ģڶû˴ˣȻҲȥٵġ
һԭĺꡣ
ިŰĿǶϡ
дܾˡ
Ŀʼϡ
˵ЦʯʼնšȫעĿһУֻ
ިɲǰСӣһ۾֪ʲô
Ҳã˵ˡ
ֱӹ˹֣ĺ¡
ԨڴƿĿ⣬ƽؿި
£ִʶϹá
ҲѾ֪ˣި˳ɫֵިӡ
һ·ϴֵ״̬֪ʦźʦŶҪǮ
һʮ˷忪ɽֳިûҪǲֵϢ
Ԩһŭި˽ϢΪһ棬Щο
Сϲˣûй
Щ˵ֵá
Ҳިһġ
ֿŴʦСߵС
ڵģ˹
ҡͷĵġʦƢܺãСֲ˵Ӧþһ⣬ԺСǾͻʦˡ
ѽ
Ժһë׵ͬˡ
һëë
ֺܸˡ
ŰƬ֣ȴȫԤĺ
ިŽ۴ǰꡣ
ҲȦӣʲôˣĿʲô
ԨިĲͬ
ڴ˵ݵʱԨȻ룬Ҫި֡
᲻ᡭ
Ԩ뵽ǰֵһۡǿģûа־ûаԥ뿪ˡ
ԼСǵʱֻᱧȰ⸬ԭһ𡣾ڣҲ
ôһ룬ԨͰѵߵĻ˻ȥ
˵Ҷġ

Ԩֻ˵ԼĿġ
ިһҲ𰸡ܿ飬Ҫ˵һ
ҲģҼС̶С£ǰҲܹˣ˭֪ǸʲôŸ¶ô죿
Ԩע⣬һ仰ϡ
ǰܹˣʲôˣ
ô֪༫ʮ꣬һֱĺܺáδյ˺
ިһ
СʦõҲ˵̫ࡣ֮һ仰ǰ˸µĻСʦ۸ҪˣҪߡ
Ԩһ͡
ͷʹɢ
죬ɬʣ˵ˣָǡǸ˴ģ
ԡިһһ
ñ༫ˡ
򲻹ᱧСʦþ
ңҵɣ
Ԩҧ´Ծ̧ʹ̵Ŀڡ
ԭ˵ģԼ
л˵
ԪƤָǣǶɬɬ
żǷ~
ϼѽ


41 
ˡ, ڴס
ǳɽ
վɽϣ˴ů紺硣ɽϱԶ, һƬ졣
ֲϲ졣һСվɽ¶ˣƺڷ
ʦ˵, Сûи׼ȷĴ𸴣뿪ɾ֮һΡ
־ҲͦáһʱС˵Լ뷨ʲô峤ߣҲ
Ƕ˺һСǵıӰ, Щȷ, ѵ˵Сϲôһֱڿ
ִ˹ȥ, Сǵıפ㡣
Щ, Ȼûз֡
ӺʹʦĹ, СǾôĬ
żȻ俴ǲˣѪɫ, л͸¶һ۵ƣ롣
», ôˣ
ȹСĶľ, Сǡ
ڿʲô
ƺ, ־ܽӵˮ
ˮɿ紵ҲûƮɽ
Ԩջߣ
е, ǹкͲ⡣
˵Сһֵεͬ顣ͬ顣
ڿȥ
ȥһ, ȥҲܿ
뿴
, ˵Ҳô˵ŵġ
û뿴ĹȥĻµ, ʶǰߡ
ʯָ뿪༫ĵ·ôȥĿֲȥˣ뿪
ǳ༫Ψһһ᲻ܵѡ
þûʯˡҲ֪ʯÿµȼʱ᲻ʶˡ
ֺȻ뵽ʯݳ˵ܿС뿴ġ
ӽҳݳ
Сǣֱ룬ھ￴뿴Ĺȥ
ͷЩȷ룬ǹȥʲô
ǹȥɡھпһɫˣǰûмԺŻġ
ţ͸˿ڣҲδ
ݳ
ԨõУʯȻżǰһЩ⡣
֣ݳ÷Ҳ֪ݳлῴʲô
ʲôáݳпκΡ
Ͼǹȥδ޹ء
ˣǰ̵ֽģݳ
Ӿɢȥ
ӦһƬհסԼ
Ԩ֪𰸣ֻһۡ
ֳһӰ
һ໹ͦ档ǵʯ˵ֻд򿪵˲ܿ档
ͺñСݳʱһƬ
𣿡
˺һԨȻؿݳ
ʲôûС
ָ߬ⷢס
ЩʧǴһСǵġû뵽ʲôûУСǿܻʧɡ
ִԼĽͳ⸬
Ԩӹ⸬ĵʣ⸬ģһʲôˣ
һ㶡Ԩһʲôˣ
شġ
ͬ顣
ָǣ㿴һˣԨƤʡ
ԨɽĻ
һܺõˣҲһįˡ
Ĵ𰸣ȫԨϡ
һһˡ
ԨôҲû뵽Уһˡ
Ц˵ȫһȴ֪𰸣ġ
֣һˡ
Ҳвһ룬СЦʱЦŵģʱЦ
ԨʱЦ־֪Ƿŭ
ʱܸܵԨļ꣬¼š
ԨҲǺĻܺһëëοԨǡ
ܱغ꣬Լβů塣ԨʲôûУֻ
һֱţлЦŵԨܹ¶
𰸣Ҳû˵ˡ
˲翴ɽơӴСҪͣ¡
ɽϣިѾԼͬ֯ȷһĿꡣ
û֪ͬǴսģֻ˵з˵Ҷɾһ⡣
ٹãɾ١ިŽɨһȦԼͬǡ
Ƕ
ͬǶء
ɲаͷ˲ٵǮ
ިӣֱ˵ҪʲôˡҶǮģΣ
ި̧±ߵСʦãںǸǶ
û̫ѾյǵȺУȻͬ顣
ܼ򵥣ֳ·һȥˣϢһһʯǮǰͷ֡һȥѰҶɾڵ䱦ڴ֮ǰܶһһ㡣ʣµˡȥѰҶɾ顣
Щ˶֪ʲôǶԼ󻯵ģһ࣬ڶ˴֮ѰҶɾʱûһӦ
ҲǸʿؾ˸֡
Ǿ¡
СʿҲ˵ӸңܵҸɡ
ިţҲкô
һУʹ˷ֱ֮ҿֽϵ
Ϣˡ׬֮ˡҲҪ˲а
ʯԼУʲôԡ
ѰҲԼ㡣Ϣδóڵıǻʵġһʱܶ໻һ㱦
ڶɾ顭
ҵõҲ˵ء
ɢɽ嶥Ͼʣһˣʦͬˡ
һˣҲǸ¡
ިΪ֧ͷҲ£ֱ˵ɾ鷳һɾĵĵط϶ǶలȫġСʦãʱǿɸ׼˱
Щգգۡոûиʦ㡣Ԩһʱʱʲôûõ
ʲôûС
ֺţеż
ΪۿżıˣԨۡ
ǰŵʲôҪˣȾܡ
ިҲʣСʦǸƹӣڱǰöˣЩʱ־ʲô֮ûʵıҪ
һҲ֪Ҫô
λôƺ
ި°ͿǶꡣ
˵Ƕ꿴ͦСģʮֲ꣬һǻδİСӡ
ûƺɲС
һҲŶһֱССǵĽšɵûһӦеĳƺ
ꡣ
ԨҲڿ
ȡΣ
ֵˡ
ȴҡҡͷԼԼѽ
˵ʱѹԨʱ֪ԼʲôҲԨҪʲô
˵̫ɹ飬Ԩ;֣֡
ֺϲ
ȴƿߣ׾ܷ۵׵һ˿
ҲٸԼ֡
֣ǾС
ֲ֪ΪΣȻоСǵ
ǡʪһġ
ţͷӭ㵵ߣЦ
Ҹ֡
Ա𲻸ѽ
ʵСǽеľˣ˳ڡ˺һһ·Сǣȡʲô֡
СһɫƤëƯɫɫô
ֲȷ˵𣿡
СзӦأިһۣСʦãôȡóġ
ⲻָǱ
ԷǸҲûôָġ
ԨЦ

ͦõģʺ
á
ȫ֪ʦ̾ʲôɷ̫˶΢ϡԼȡ֡Уֻûκ飬һڴӦġ
ɵ࿿˿Сʣǲˣ
ûУܺáԨֵĺ塣֪ȡ֣Ҳ⡣
ʺҡ
ȷʺϡ
һ˱ˡ
ӲԨģһһεͲһϵˡ
һ˵Ĳ֪£ʽȷ
֮⡣
һ뿪ѩԭɽ塣
ɾ˵󲻴˵ССҪѰҶɾ̸ס
֮ǰ޷ިһʼֱӻλ
ިȥĶɾڶ࣬Ҳɾ顣ܲ²ɾڵλá
ɾֻɾ֮ҪôǶɾڵĽأҪôǶɾػĵ졣ֻǶɾĶѨ
Ѱ޸ҿɾ顣Խ޵ȼߵĵطԽпǶɾ֮ء
һǰ·ܻΣա
ިĽǺ޾⣬ǵԼСʦá
̫ӵ¡ިǰзֲ·ʱЦúͰס̫
ިӺɡ
˹֡
ôУҺôҲܵö̫ӵɡި˵úãɻǺ̫ӵʲôʱ򡭡أ
ǳ||ˡ
ǶôǸߣǸިҶ϶϶Сʦó¡
λ̫ӣڵĵطΣصġ
ȻЩҪЦЦĳơ
ިӼЦСӴȣֻѾ֮ǰֹ˵õġʯ뿪
̹ȻֹߣѾ޴ȥ
ި
ֻڿǴӽԼС𴸣Сལմʦ˵пҪֵġ
ҪЩ׼ǡ
ȻʦһۣãȻ޹ؿʦ㡣
ʲôûѽ
ި֪̫˵滰ٻȥ֡СʦǴӦˣȥһʣСһġ
ν̫ӸҲиĿܡ
ިֱӿһ
һֱĬг˵Ƕꡣ

̧ɨި
ި
˶һۣ֪˭
Ԩ˵ިǸ¡زߡ
һֱСǵĶ仢
СǲߣҪ߳ͷһ̧ͷܿǶԺɫǶġͺܺ
ԽԼĶΪʲô⵽ҵİˡ
ԭЩţĻἤĿ
ǣСǲ
ֲһ·
ިȽɾĴ˸顣˵ǺܿҵҪȥĵطǲ֪ΪΣިһɽ±ͣ£ػ˺üȦ
ʦ㣬ʲôط
Ҳҡ˺һŷӦԼ֪Ҫʲôæʴʦ㡣
ިī
˵ɾʱһīֻǿصЩ׺ΪǿѹȥһЩΣաԾͼµطʱŹ˴˴
ʱ˵ؿտһ¡
һ⡣
˵ؿи߽׽磿
ûС
شꡣָҲڵ⣬ͬش֡
нֲᷢˡ
˵صȷʲôûС
ިеīҪôǱƺɢΣҪôǱװСУλλˡ
ިжϣ¶鷳ˡ
һɾĶܱǨߣ˵ɾЩ֪ģ߽׵Ķڡ
ֶĴڣпܻһЩõ顣
ֶڵϡ
һ䱻ѹ˵СۻɫģǴϢ
СǶСָιһС𽥴ģ֧˻ˡ
Сǡָ˵̧ͷȥ꣬㿴
СȻˡ
ԨءһСЦøá
һȥǶС
һ˲䣬С·һ޷ֱܵӽֺԨקС
ȫûüжûгѾһƬʯϡ
۵졣
ʯӲģˤСƨʹ
ܡ
˵һ¶ĳȣ·ͨ˴
ڵĵطһԲεĿյءյλãһʯס
ʯһˡ
һ׷ȹ޽һŮӡ
ŮЩؿ֡
Һ㡣
ŮӺؿ֣ƮƮɹֵָϡ
ýˣַһƯŮӡ
ƯźͯĴ档
ֶ˺һɻط֣Ҳǡ
ǰŮӷ·ǼһģȻЩϤ
˭
ָ꣬Ȼ뵽Сǣæʣһ˵ģǺһ𣿡
ŮƺЩԸػش𣺡һһˡ
Ůָָʯס
æܹȥʯ׺أ׸Ƿôľֻǿ̧
ʯڣǶۣ·˯ˡ
СǣЩţ̽̽
𣿡ŮƮƮعʯԣͷۣףŶ
ʯУرֻ̧꣬ϰ۵ͣЪһЪ
ŮӺʣأҲ𣿡

ش𣺡ҲǺꡣ
ꡣԳŮͷҧָЦЦϲꡣ
ֺòװСǷ׼뿪ʯʱԳŮָһ㣬ʯ׸Ȼ£
̧Ȼʯںʹκʯ׸Ƥ𽥺£
ҪôſСԼȥҪôСһ𱻹ʯС
ץСǵֱۡ
ºڡ
˵ҳ˺ܳ󡣡
ʯ⴫
Ƕ˵ҪϺ꣬Ҫ͹ȥ
ʯ׸Ѿȫס
𽥼١
ʯڣǰ𽥰¡
Сǡ
һ̣Ƕ껺ƿƤ̧֣εסʯ׸ǡ
һƹ⣬ϡ
ոƺ˵ҪԺꣿ
Ԩһþʯ׸ŮӳԾĿ£һƿ
ᱧԼҺŮаԵΣΪģɢ
ֱŮӣЦΣա
Ҫ˭Ҷҵĺꡣ
л˵
~
~


42 
ͷһ
̧űꡣ
Сǲǰ
ǰаΣյ, ϤԳƣһ˲뵽Ԩ
ֺЩ̫˳껳, ˿
Ԩһա΢΢ü֡ȴɫ̫ãЩҵġ
ŵˡ
Ԩŭ⳯ԳŮϮȥ
ҡͷͣˡ
, ġ
ϣЩġ
꣬겻˭ġûлˣ𣿡
ĻǰԲ, û߼ҲͰ, ֮˵ˡ
Ļ, Īİ˸ͷ
ꡭ
Ծ߽һ
ȥ
Ԩһקֵĸ첲, ˰ڻСɫá
ǻ塣
䲻лĴڡ
йƻ֮ķ, ౻ӡżһЩҲֻѰƻ־˾
Ȼ岻ͬ
˵壬˵ꡣ
ӽoʿ黯, һƻꡣƻŸĴ, ῴ, ֪ȥ, δ׾پܹƻġ
Ԩ߬ЩɫҲ䲻á
˵Ļ, Ųµóָǰĸ
ֲ֪, ġ
ͷ˲, Ĭȥ֡
СǡСȷ
һֻСڶ̶ڻ, žǿʵʼոߡ
ûһ񱣬Ĳ뵽κΡǾţСѽ
Сأ
ֽëţ¡
ǵãʱԨ׷ˡ
ҲˣûС
ɾôһܣ̲ס룬Сǣ㵽˭
ȴɫ¶ڿţ·ڵǧһ˫|ȹҡΡ
˵Ųǻء
˵ˣֻҪҰץ꣬ܰҵˡ
֣ϲ㣬Ҫҳ㣬ȥɡ
ǿСǵʱ
̧еŮӰ׷ƮƮ޺СŮӡ
ʲôֲ֪
֪ȥһͷϵ
Ƕ䶼롣
ѵǱƻ𣿿û˱ƻֻһġ
ֲԼƻˡСԶ롣
ԨЩ򴽶֣Щ֡
һֱǰġôʼԶѵǻã
һ
Ԩ̧֣һƬˮɫŮϮȥ
ڿһ˵Щµ̧֣ѽһ
Ԩ壬ֱǽϡ
ҵһ졣
黯塣
ꡣ˵Ǻˣ
ͷ֡
㣬𣿡
Ԩһ㶣ֹɿ峺Լ롣
ǻһѡ
һ黯Ļ塣ûκʵʴڵĺۼ
ĵĻԼء
ԥԥأҪ߷ɡ
ǿҪʱȻҡҡͷ
У϶Ҳܱƭ
廰䣬ӰʧڵعС
ҲǸ꣬꣬ҵ㡣
ꡣûסЦ
ǵһαꡣǺȤĸоһӡֶظ˵ԼȻҪĶࡣ
һҲ
ǵȻһ뿪ټĵع֮УֻʣֺСˡ
ԡ
Ц֣֪ǲСǡ
鼸ʮ̫꣬ԨԼ˵ൽ塣
˵ȫһòһڵһʱȷԨ

ֻЩãͻңСǶ뿿ʯ˼
Ԩ´ټĵعި˵Ļ
īǶ仨ǽӡ
ȫȻҪԼ뷨֣ȴվԶԶأܹŹ֡
Ԩͷһ¡
ⲻСǵߡ
СǣԶǵġ
Զɣ䱸
Ԩ̷˼Լոʲô
˼ȥȫȻûԼԳơ
ϰߣѪѣԼôҲ벻ġ
Ԩ뵽ǲѾ˻֡
ǰʱֵһ
Ҳġ£ǰǶ
Сǡ
̧ؿꡣ
˭
Ԩ֪ˡ
ܡ֪ˡ
Ҳֻǲ²⡣
ҶġֻЦЦ³߹ȥ
Сǡ
ǵġҡҡͷ˵ˣ˵
ĺꡣЩܶԨô˵˵סĸ
ԭˡ
ԨҲţһƬǣ˦ȥعǽ϶˲ٵĻ֡
õع΢Щˡ

Ԩ治ɫ˵ֻһ䴫еĳƺ
Ҳû˵ѡָ֡䴫Լûд
ΪԼ˵ѣ˵Ҳ䣬κλԵĺۼ
ˡǣ
ǸϤö
Ҹ֣֮ǰֲҲôƭġ
Ԩؿ
ֵˣֻ㡣
Ŀԣû˵ѡ
ȻֲȷˡǰСĲֻС
Ԩе󣬳ʤ׷
ҲҸ˭
һ˵ͷżڵϲš
ֻعһƬʯ˰죬СʯӶ߲
ԨЩƵ룬ͦõģòίСˡԨĺίɡ
㵱һ˰죬գۣˡ
Ԩͷһ
Ѿި֪СΪΪá
ֵĿУһˡ
ԨŪȥմմϲûˣ֮ոգĳȵס
ǰһΣû˺
ʵЩġǰСô֮ǰеСˡ֮ǰһֱѹɡ
ϾСʱһֱġ
һ¼įСǡ
߰ɡ
ԨȼһĨ棬
ֳŸĽŲ
ȥ
˼īźš뿪
˼ͨ˴ĵصÿһףһƬΨһĹվԨӳȥĻǡ
ԨǰѰ·ָĽŲȻ
ǵʦ֪𣿡
ֻһ仨ʦûĻڴʦƾʧˣ
⡣
Ԩ˵ᡣ
ʦ㿴һô᲻֪κζ
Ǿͺá˿ʦ֪ܵġ
عĵصԽԽӣÿ߹һصǰ׹ʱĵطһһԲεĳأûʯס
ټĵع·ǿյġ˿аʱߵֽŶˣҲûߵһȷķ
Ԩͣ˽Ų
ˡ
СԨӦؽС˻ȥº֡
Щ߲ߵԨʼջͷʱʱ̿Լߡ
Ԩ̧ͷôˡ
ɺȻСǵȴձƺ˼Смкüľ롣
ѽǰһ
һ룬ôҲ߲
һ֣һģһ֣һߵú۵֣ߵСߡ
𣿡Ǹ֡һͷʡ
ֵԲۣСǣ
ںȴǱ͸ȥ
ˣոСֻһľ룬˿ѾԽԽԶ
һģһ֣Сϲסģ
ֺżֵġ֡ǻˣСǵġ
Сô죿
ǰ·һǽζȥ
æӽͳСһӣȡȫԼСϡ
һݺǽϡ
ǽһȦۡ
í˾ݺһȥ
˱ˣ۵ġ
ﲻסĻǽ˳Ĺĵص֣ꡣ
С𴸾𣬹׺ݣˣȻҼˣ
꣬İɡȴûֵ⣬ſǽͷ²˵㲻뿴Ҫϲ㣬Ұòã
֮ǰ˵겻˭ġֻǵ仰
̹˵ûкһ䣬һǺͬġ
ͷⲻͻԶǺԼģ˭Ǻġ˵ġ
ָǽѾСںֵġ֡Цˣһǽϡ
ҵġͬ顣
Զ˵㣺׵ĺ꣬һ㶼񡣡
ֲŲܻ˵ʲôأǵģǸֵġ֡᲻۸Сǣ
ԨʱŮôˡ
һͷĻһȹӵģһ
ͺһ
ԨЦˣЦüʶֵ̧Լͷ
ҿǡְ
ŵģСŪ
Ц֮󣬼ǰŮһЩŵؿʣôˣ
ԨƢ˭
ŮԶãˣȴǻش𣺡Сǡ
С˭Ԩ׷ʣŮȻܻشóԨ
ԡԨ治ɫŮһֶȤԨ˭
ŮһΣſ죺ԨǶ񡭡
ԨЦ֣ᣬǡ
ȼ棬ֱŮȥ
˲䣬ǰŮѾһֻӯĵڵء
һɫ
ԨʰװСϲЩ
ÿЩҵºڡ
Ǹֵġ֡һ仨һ
ȴȻͷ֣˺һ̾Ǻÿ¡Һǻɡ
䣬ǰһΣٴʱǰĹ
Ƕ
ϿרŶѵСѡ̫Ƕɹ̫
£´ˣܲá
ˮеβ㳤˺ö࣬ҲǣҶϣرȥһֱQˮС
ãȻȹ߹ȥ
£Ļ𽥴򿪣Ưĳʢĺɫ
̫ߴߴôôûлúˮϲ
ֶڻԱߣŻ˵˵ʲôĶУȫôˣôˮǲǺ۸ˣǲбĻˡ
·ҵСˮ
ˮаˮ
չ˻һһУʻġ
Բ𡣡Ҳ֪ǻþı͵ˡڻǵǰǳϿҵصǸ
Ƿ׷ûҶ˵ϣ춼û
ֺȻ룬İɡԨտĵǸ
˼ֻЩ𣿡
л
ְԭ㲻ֻ뻨
ֻСˮأһ̣ǰһԼڵع֮С
ǰӵؿ
ֵͷԼСˮ
Ǹǽˮ
۾һ
ԣĻص˶ֻһ˲䣬Ҳ˻ǣǸˮˡ
ѽ
Сǡ
ֳϲغСǷϲá
ҿˣ
ԨˡҲ֪֪ʲô
֮Աǣڿʱ˻ĵĿ
ҲҪġ鼸ʮ꣬ڷֱʮ֮Уܻġ
ȻؿȥÿһĻͻ˵Ǹˮȥˮĺβ㡣
˼֮Улݳϡ
Ψ
ϲ
˵ܸ𣿡
ͷܸˣ
ԨԨúܺãҲɫˡǶҲòġ
ֻǣһǡǶãͺܸˡ
ֲ֪ļƯŻ塣
Сʲô
ҿ԰ġ
ԨĻ壬˹ȥ
֣úԡ
·ûܵκӰ죬֮ǰ뷨
ֲԨ¶֪ô
ָСϣСӻ֮Уȼճɫĺ
ɫĺ£عһαò
˵زǿտģڵĵطһǽڹŲͼִɴ޷ΣһĻƤ
Ҳ࣬֮УԼŲˡ
īһīӣͲ
ԨС˵ţɲŮӣԸһҸ˵˵ֻҪɾһ˵ġ
īôˣ֮һһһ𡣡
ֻһȦﶼҲȡ
Сǣôɭɭģ
ԨĻ֪С£ǰ
ţһĹء
ιû˵֡
Ԩֱʱ̧سŻЦЦ
塣
ԨЩ˵Ժ꣬ˡǺ壿
ղѣش⣬ڼƻ
㲻һֱ𣿡
ԨֵĽŲЦ
Ϊûϲϲҡ
Ԩһ¡ܾܣν׷ϡ
л˵

ϼӸ~


43 
ֻͷС, ں˵𣿡
С˵Щʲôе͡
Ԩɫǰûʲô
ֻ壬ٸκλӦ
ֲ̽˼, ΪҲˣȴƿᣣ˹ȥ, УŵĶ
еܶһӣһģͳͳǹ, , ͷ
ܿ鲻á
ֿջ, С˵Ĺ, Щ˵ġ
ԨСĺ, ǣӣЩ·һȦ
һ٣ͣһǰ档
ֱǼҲ
񡭡˵ζ
ֵĿСߵϡ
ͱһ, , ͷ, ·
ᵽһϢ
ͳԼС, ϴ˼¡
Ǳ飬䣬¶еˡ
Ǳ, һֱˤڵء
û뵽ȻĻܾȳһҪСǵֱӰסġ
֪Ǻǻ, ³£
ԨҪİˡ
Ŷһ, ˳һûб˵ʱ, ǺСǵġС˵ģȥ
οһŵˣȷʲô
˵ŵĺ⣬úԶ
˵ڵϣ˺һֳţǿ
Ǵˣɫ԰ȴմһɫһǸɸɾ
ǸͷڣŰʱ
̾Ϳ֣ۺĿɨǶꡣ
λ𣿡ֹ񣬡ƺ󣬶л֮
ͷָָСǣŶ
Ȼ֣СȷֲԵġĽӶˣôΪȵء
̷ӦǶ깪˹лλ
Ԩû
˽Ӳ
ֻڿ棬ǽϻŵͼ
ɫһŮӸ٣һ轣ĳ·Ƕѵģ÷֦ͷһ̣ͱŮӱŶٿ
ûע⵽СǸûдӡ
ԳƺЩΣĿٴϡ
λǰ£֪ǷѾīŮħƵ
־Щ֡˵˾СˣôҪץ˵ֲġ
ȴСǱűۣ˼Ǹӡ
˵īŮħ˭
ӿЦһ²īʱˣȴȻ±¶⣬ǿΪ򸾡±Ըȴİ֮вڴˡ
ϸһ£ӳû㲻ֲҲ˿ʧ־ɡ
̫Ծ
Ԩ̾ףӵݣīŮ޵Ǹɡ
ջ˵ǣīŮɣһһһ
ݣûһԵϡ
ԳƺֵֹΪһʱīŮħ±ӡΪӣȴƵĹĳм
û
Ǿ˹ֵֹġ˵СǾȵãﻰôһֱ
ź۸
ֻͷСǡ
ǶƯƯǱűЦЦǸģаֻҪ֪ܶˣ޺֮ˡ
ðɣȷס
룬ǲǵøСѧһôԼر𲻺ǡ
ƺ˵һѻȴɵòһӦ
ǰƯŮʼպž룬˵ûκεĻӦ
Ƕˣ˵գЦһ
Ԥȫͬ
ƺ¸мλңɶλǲ̫µˣ
Щԥ֪ôû¡
ĹһѾˣﻹ֣һ뿿ĸо
־ʲôȲšǰǳȵģڴܸ꣬ñ
ס
ֺȻ뵽ˣ۾
֪ô뿪𣿡
ŶˣԳƺīŮ޵ľѣ˵ī֪ںδô뿪ġ
ƺȴư°ͣˣºԺ˵ֲõϵʱź˵Ҳǡʲô
ȴ˵أֵ֪˵Щʧ̾˿Ҳķʱˣߡ
һߣȻǸˡ
ƺһû˵һ룬ֶ߳˼Զ
ҪأøϽ뿪ȻʦҪġ
߳ԶԳƺѾ׷
ô˵껰ʵûн
䣬Ԩָһ㣬ֱӱУؿڷɳһԶ
ʱֱһѪ
˵һ䣬ԨЦЩɭͷ
ƺӵһֶû˵ĨȥǵѪսľؿǶꡣ
Ȼ
װ
ֶԱ˵ûֻо󡣱Ͼ̫һЩʵ˼޵ʱ䶼ڳ༫༫̻ܽģ̫̫١
Ҳ͵Ǳˣܲ
ǣǸƺСǴˣȻôûƵĲѪ
Щǰˣ˵ʿĻΪʲôԾء޷ԾȵĻ֮ҲԱţ
ѾӶɾѧһ£ʿ棬ҪԱŵġ
ƺĨȥѪЩ֪վԭأֻûߣһȳһտ
֪ţ԰ǣ
˵꣬ס죬µؿǶꡣ
˭֪ԨȴϾûǰͷ
ֻǱȽõϢģʣ
ʵīԼƺ۵һ˿ֻīĹͷܴ򿪵ҵš֮󣬲š
ǰһֿ˰׷ȹŮӡ
ףҪīĹͷ𣿡Ʈֵĸǰ룬˼֤ԼŷָԼҿ԰õīĹͷ
ûס˺һǿԼƿߡ
вУǻ壬˵˵ˣоԼ׽һǻ
īǱߣҴȥòã
ΧַϷ£Ȱ
һʣīŮޣѾΪʲô˵ҪĹͷ
ŮħȻˣ
ףҲ֪㲻ءûаɡ
һǰһشģһƺһǻ塣
Ƚƺն廹˼Щʲô
˻ûأô벻ˡ
ֱ𰸸ŪˡΨһõϢǣīŮԶˡ
ˣԽ֣ΪʲôīŮ޲඼ˣƺ󻹱ӡ֮У
ʿ𣿡̲ס
ƺڵȵֵһʻ˵²ţδ֮īڴˣĻᡣ
Ǿ͸ˡ
ܾƺﶼָֻ֣оȴ˵
СĵؿСǣקקСǵ䡣
СǣСʣǻ𣿡
Ԩϸƺ
ظǡ
˵֮ڣȻǸˡ
ǻˣ־ûôˡе㺦ֵĶ
ӦңҰȥīѽֻҪӦһ¾Ϳˡ
廹ڴߴ֡
ֿۻ壬ƺżҡͷԵء
ֱ˶Сǵ
ֵĶֲԶһĺá
ƺǶûɱˣ̴ԲѵҲһӣϧīУλܰұ𣬱˵λ뿪˴»͡
ţͷĬƬ̡
ԨȻֲ̫õԤУʣҪ𣿡
Сſ̫ˣЩӣԵǮˡ
̧ͷССǣǺ˵ӡ
ԨüŶ
ܿó
ܾǰƺǸֵˣԼĸоһˡ
˵īˣҪǱ𣬰뿪Լ룬ûһ˵ͨġ
ȴԨȴֱӴӦ
á
ƺϲָŴĵ̨
˴īƽﳣڵĵطĺۼλҿ
СǴӦˣҲֻôӦȥĺۼ˰죬ֻϵһš
˵ǣСǡ
źΪʹʧ
ī͸ֽţɼд˵з
ƺǰֽдݣ̾˿
µ֪İ֮˱ʱд
һƺܵСߡ
ССһȦǶֱ࣬ӱȫڵס
ԨͷЦʣ
Ǻ¡˼ȥԼΪһ仰ᡣ
ûḡͷ
ûԵɡ
ᵽվһط
ԨȻˣ첲š
ҡ겹䣬ץסĸ첲
ڰУؿ֣㲻ԱߵҶö񡣡
̧ͷŻ˸͡
¡
СǺܺõģСߣЩĵġ
Щʧˡ
īīĹͷ⡣īܴһ״̬
ƺֱקСԶԶء
ȻСҪôȥī
Ԩ²̫˽⣬еǰ취
ľ
ǵĹңȽΪīûֱǣīûڵġԼĹ
ôĹҪĹˣķʽֻйײġ
ڴ˼ʱɽȥǸʯס
ǸʯǿյģĹ˵Ĺײģܷںܰȫĵط
к£عѾױĹ򶼷˼ı仯ҪټĹ֮ҵĹ˵Ĺײģе鷳
鷳
ԺԿǸĹһСܵĹڵϵĻƤĹ˲ڣô˵᲻ֻһ
ֺԨ˳Ų߳һƬֵֻĺһɫڿƮ
ǰûһ
һƬ֮УŲǿնء
һ߬Сǵӡ
ԨԸоСĺ£̧֡
ºڣ
ԥԥͷеġ
һ̧һֻ֣ȼ˻֣һַ̣裬¹Ĺ
ģůĹâ
һӾͲˣҲԼС̧֣߬Ŀɼ֮أ޺ڰ
գۣ̾Сǣ
ĵĿ佱ЦЦʣ𣿡
ģ̵ͷҺܺڳʪĵطԼҹҲϳʪҺܣǰɡ
ԨȻЦˡ
뵽Լʱڳҵʱӡ
һֱźڰʪ֮صûɣԼܵĵط졣
ʱûʲôֻӲš
̧֣֡߬Լ࣬һ˫̵ӽʲôʱȥڰʪĵط
Сǵգġ
ȴŪЩ鲻̫á
Сǻشˡ
ڶܱȺڰʪҺܵʱ򡣡
Ԩ
ǡ£ܵĴڡ
ǰ̵ĳĬô졣
ֻΪ㿪
ЩȣֵʧȥȣĿڵλãпʼˡ
һһʹ·ʱʱ̿
ֻЦЦСǣôģԽ̽𣿡
Ԩס˺ͷµܼ򵥣ҽ㡣
ôо飬νȼɻ֡
˼ΣѾȼһػˡ
⣬֪Сǵ֣Լһػǰߡ
˻⣬ʱˣһˡ
Ԩƺʼո˵󡣿֪ԼܴԶԶš
ջߣ׷ֵĽŲ
¹Ĺ֮УֺСѾһ룬ƿ˲ٵĵţһȥˡ
īŮٵĵط轣ĵطҲĵط
ΨҲĹľ
һƿһȵʱǿյģǽϹŲٵĻ˲ٵͼȻ˵ܵûС
ûУûС
̧ͷСǣӣҲ
Ѱ졣ÿһûīĹľҲҲţǱôתתȥһ
Ԩɫοżҵģܻҵ
ȫ߷ȥͣ˵ֻ֪֪ҪңҾͻشġ
Ĳ֪ߵĺѹ
ѹûп˯ںкҶϣۿ񣿡
ڴûκڵһ·ûпһۣȥչ˻ˡ
Ҫˣ㿴𣿡
ҿ԰㲹ȣػᣬܼ򵥵ģֻҪ㿪ھС
˵ŵͬʱԨǰһڣ󿴼֡
˵ûп֡
ڱܾҪһɹ̫һںкҶϣʱãȻ
䷢۵ͣΨһͷǵñһʱֿʱĮ
Ԩ߬úָܽ׻ġѪȾʪָ⡣
ƭ
ȥģѾȥˡȥ޷ȣģǵºδ
ֻڿգƬ̣ҧָš
Ԩ̧ץְָǸϰߣǰûеġ
СģָѪȾֵָ
һæ֣Сǣˡ
Ȼֲδһ˿Ѫָڻ롣
һ̣Ԩͷһ΢Ĵ
ܸܵϵĻš
ҲסˣԨ֣ͷĬƬ̣СʣСǣ𣿡
оСϵĹ¼š
ԨӦˡ
Ӧ̲סЦʲôǲʱδ
֡
ԨЦųü
ڵҳ衣
û뵽ȻѪ
ġˡ
л˵
ˣԴĳPLAY
~


44 
裿
ֵȷԸ֪С, 
ҲϲֲϲʣȴС̧ͷЦ, Һϲ
˱ӡôϲأСһֵ
ϲСǣϲ衣֡
Ԩ
ֳ֣ߺ߰, ֻһ䣺֡
ֵǣһѪȻΪСǵˣⲻǿͷϵ裬ѪͨȻĸ֪
ڳ༫ʮ, ûܹʲô, δѪմȾԨ
һ, ĳԨˡ
ֱ, ǸƺҲ
, ĺƮ
ֺȻһ¡ĺعģڹĹôҲҲĹľ᲻ʼ, ǵȥĵط
Сǡ־ѯСǵ, и뷨ԡ
û˵ʲô, Ȼ˵
ȫûʲô, ûпԡֱͬκ뷨
еˡָһƮڿİɫСźջء
СǵĻֻȻѾױģ
ұ, ĺڵĵضͨ˴ĵص, ڵԲС
û˺, Ĺұʼģ
ԨҲֵ뷨, ʣȥǸʯף
š
ֵͷһȦﲻ֪ûġϾĹҳ̫ˡ
룬Ǹʯ׻᲻īŮ޵Ĺľ
ĵطټһĹңһʯ⣬ʲôҲ
Ҳʼڵĵطڡ
ԨЦҵġ
ȻΪʲôǰ滹ҵ֣Ǳˣ̲ס˵ģЦü䣬ҲϿ仰
Ǻܴѽ
Ȼҵƺûôˣ̲ס۽Уʲôط
ûԨȻ˼ôҵʼڵĵط
ָ̧ҪҧͱԨٴץ
ѧĻë
Ԩָá
ǰҲûϰߣֻżȻһ˳ַ˿Уֻͦ˼ģͿ˺öָ
ԾͲԡԴӽó⸬Сһһ
⸬ҲǲС
ֿ⸬˼ôȥʼڵĵط
أ뵽һɫ
СǣСǣǶɫģóԣܲС
ǻµĶɣмϢ
Ԩû
ˣ
ƶ˵
ֵ˵ͷҿһҡԲԣһ˵˵ͱɻˡ
ʱǽ⣬뷨Сȥǽ˵ʲôһֶû
ԨֻҪı֪ʲô֪ǻΪ
Щ⣬ҲЩ˿
Сǣ׽Сǡֻڲ²ԨʱͿʼԶ֪Լ
ԨɫͳɫһǳǳϢ
ڵ֣ѾԼԽĺܶࡣ
ͽȥԨָȥ֪λá
Ŷһָ飬С
ڿ
ǳǳϢΧһڰ֮У˵ľ͹¼š
ֿʼںʹࡣ
Ԩһ㣬ǿзֺֿͻĸ֪
һֱӵԨĻС
꣬Ϣһ
Ԩʲôûʣĵĺ󱳣
Щܣϵܡֻ֣Ǹ֪һ»ϢĴڣôᱻȸͬܡ
˺һŷСǵļվֱˡ
ʯ׵λãҿ֪ˡ
±Ӱ죬ֱӱۣ׷һĨϢСǣ֣˺Զƹ˼صͣ½ŲʱԨѾ׹ʼλá
ԲεĿյУһʯס
Ԩȼ֣˼䡣
ۣǰʯףʯϣ׷ȹĻ
Ȼҵûһֻꡣ
ؿ֣ĺ֣ҶЩɱˡ
ǲеģҪ̾˿νȥ
̧ͷСǣʲôûпûĿʯϡ
ֻ˻
ҲЩ棬Ķ˭ΪʲôҪɱꡣɱˣᡣ
ǰʯԱפ㡣
εʯף׸Ǹǵʵʵ
и뷨һīأ˵īһڣûأ
ʼƺ󣬿ʯףɵǰȥʯػ
棬ʯóĹͷˣ
ƺѹ˷ܣ֣㵱ʱʱõĴӣʯû⡣
һ㶣ô֪õĴӣ
Ŷ֮Уô֪ôҿģ
ƺ£Ц˵ºôҲ֮ˣ㱻УҲʧȥУ֪ģ֪
ԨЦأ֪֪ٷϻһɱ㣿
ƺ˵һ࣬ԶԶء
˵˵ˣ˶޲øԼ
ֿǸƺջߣСȥʯסǱ޵ĵطȥƻġ
ҿʯףҪʯϵĹ׸ǡ
̸ס
īӣˡʯС˵һ䡣
ָͼȥʯס
ֻʯ׹׸ǲ׺ģ˺ܶζûд򿪡
ѽյվʯԣҵһˣͲһȴܴʯס
ͷСʼձֱһ࣬δ͡
Сǡ
ԨҪҰæˣ
ϣܸоһЩкơ
ֱôģܺСͨкСǺɵڵȴĿڡ
ӡͲæ
ҡ
˼ȥҪ仨ˡ
ԨüЩֵ˼·Ȼ뵽ⷽ档
óѧ˺ܶࡣ
ֽӹСʯ׵Ķˡ
ֵȴ
ʵһԡϾʱϢôϢ֮ؾʯס
²⣬᲻ī֮䣬һϵ
ʯϲãʯ׷һǳɫĹ⣬׸Ǹ֨һ죬򿪡
ָҪǰȴСһץס첲
˺һֱ׸ǲٶԨȥ鿴
ʯڣͬǿյġ
յģûīŮޣʲôûС
ʧգգۣŴΪԼǸĺ꣬û뵽ôһȦʲôûɡ
еԼʧʧܵ䡣
ԨʯǿյģջȿԼСȻ̫ˡ
ûҴţī
ûУǿյġ
ƵأûҵҲ
ԨЦ̾ײﲻôС
̧Сǵߣɻգգۡ
ʲô˼
ɣ
ʼСǴߵʱСǾͱʯڡ
ѵ˵ҪȥʯڲУ
ԨҲ޷
ʯУʲô
˵գ̧ſʯףվС
̸̧šûȥ
ֳŷ˽ȥ
Сǵߣնһ𡣡
֪ʯǰȫΣյģΣյģɲСһԡ
ԨĬƬ̣û
Ϊǵʱġ
һ˯ʯףҪеЩӵġ
СƽˣָûطɣС̧һקſԼϡ

ֲСǵؿڣء
ԽԽ졣
֡
ԨۣЩͣ𣿡
ֻĸһش⣬ֻЩɻ󣬡СǣΪʲôһ
ȣƽ
Ԩû˵ְ̧ԼС

ʯ׵Ĺ׸ڲʯ˺ٴαպϡ
һһ磬ֱȫպϣһ˿ⶼ͸
һƬ
ֱۣװ֪
ãСǵߣͬڣµġ
ţֻ̲ס߬Сǵѡ
Ԩʼۡ
ǵҹеŮ˫ۣë΢
ǡ
Σı塣
ԨȻ룬֪СǾ᲻ÿ޳
ǲ֪ˡ
ڳ衣
һȹŮڸ߸ߵݶϣŽųС
ߵغᡣ
Ůƺ֣
ֲ˹ȥ
Ǻ갡ŮӯȹЦúᣬƯ·𣿡
ŷ֣ԼȻԭһźġ
û˵ǻȹŮӡ
ī
߳ӣţж̣зһҩ
úҩˡ
ֵɴۡǰŮӾī
ŵӣƺˣõȷһģһ
īƺӭȥҲȣҩҶȾϿζˡ
ࡣƺ󰲸ҩܺ
𣿰󣿡
īȹ׷ʵҩͻã𣿡
ƺ󲻶˵ģҩͺˡѽҩˡ
㲻ƭҵ𣿡īıȾǲƭҵģƭҺҩɱǲǣ
ǲɱң
ƺʼɫܰڳһס
ôɱءҪģīҺܰ㡣
īЪ˹
֪һֱɱҡɱңңƭң
㲻ңΪʲôҪߣΪʲô
ƺʼնҩī
īҩˡ
īڹ˺һְ
ˣҲˣҪҩ
ӹҩ
ֿЩżʼվƺǸˣƺݹҩҲβģǺ˵أ
ֻǸֻ꣬Ѹٳȥײīĸ첲һҩ˸׵ס
ԾŶ㿪ڲԶؿī
òΪԼҪϮɣ
ʱܵ׼ŲҪץŴء
īʼյͷһصҩ֭ҩ֭ܿ챻գֱøɸɾ
ī̧ͷϵıѾָᡣ
֣Цʣھ𣿡
ֺȻ֣ƺòѾ壬˶һְ޵״̬
ԵģīǸܿһȹһ

īʼտ֣˺һŴЦ
лл㣬ĵĺꡣ
Ҳ룬һһεıɱһΣҺܸˡ
һ㶣ֱǰīʲô˼Ѿ𣿻Ǳƺɱģ
㴳ҵĹ𣿡īЦûһ
ֲ˵ֻ˵ͷ
ĻǧҪš
īʹҪȾˡ
񡭡ѵǻˣ߶
һεķϣʲôҪҿ㡣
īֵߣЦ˵š
룬צӣīȹӡ
ѹ
ѻɱ˱ˡѹˡ
īЦ⽩ڴߣ˺һͷЦˣЦЩֵضɽҡ֮ơ
ֺط֣Լʯ֮С
ʯ׵ײ顣
Сǽüš
ոա
δ䣬ʯ׵ײһգֺСֱ׹䡣
ֵһסСǡ
ǧͷˤȥѹ˶䡣
СǱڿһšء
ʼձűƣûСѹ䡣
ֹ˺һۣס
ǰ
᣺Ųܣһ߸ϵı
ΨһͬǣһȹŮӡ
ŮӾָոտī
Сոѹ𣿡
īӱվһµ̨
ֱСǷվȺȹմĻҡ
īʻīϳЩ󣬲֪ǰī͸ոտīһġ
˵
ոաѹ
룬ֻôش
īᵽЪ˹˸оģޱ޼ʵľ
ʱīʹġ
ţʱȷѹлл㣬С
īµ̨𽥿ʱ򣬱Сֱ̧֣ڵϻһ֡
޷
īνЦЦͦġ
㲻ҪҵĹͷ𣿡
ֵԲۿīףô֪ҪĹͷҵţ
ôңСʲô֪
īЦ⵭˭ҡֻһƲлء
Щ֪˵ЩʲôáīŮޣѾˡ
ֻʣһƲл꣬ȴҪһֱܱɺһĻʹ
ƺ˵Ĺͷܴš
־״
īȴЩ󣺡ƺ˵ƺ󣿡
ЦüͷʣˣҵĹͷ
һ㶣ȳǸˣƺ㲻˵ʲô֪𣿡
īҲ˰
죬īؿ
˵ʲôĹģԱ𣿡
ֺͷһ
һŲ
Ȼֻܰӽ
߽ģɲԳƺô
Ӻ͸ոսȻͬҡһȣǰ´ī
µī꣬һͷ˰ɡ
īӦˣЦ
ȻȻˣҪ취ҲлӽΪҵĹͷ
ǣôɥĲ𣿡
Ԩۡ

е񣬲壬ӽǰoµ顣
Ĺͷѣٻʧɢꡣ
˵Ĺͷܸǧǰoϡ
־ؿǸƺʱָ飬ѧСڵϻһ
ӽһ٣Ȼûǰˡ
һֻ꣬Ȼ΢ЩҲõϡ
˾䣬̧
С
īغһ䡣
濴
ѹοңΪ
ҵĹͷɡ
һ̣īĲл껯һ׹⣬ֱֵġ
һСںɫĹͷֵķС
īĹͷУ֮УҲȻ֡
ֿ
֣Һŵˡ˵ζ
л˵
~
~


45 
еǻīϢ
Ҵ֮, ˣԼ
ɫһضϹķı
ǰһؿī
˵ǹī
oµ, ޵κԷΪʦѧ١ѧɣʶһŮӡŮӶ, ̻£ţ˽Ӵ
ЩУƺ
ƺŮӵ, ŮǶī˵, ƺī⡣˵ö, īˡ
Ҳ˽һºΪ˼鰮, ̽ſƺ
ƺδ, ֱԼϲĺѡ
īȻȻʱƺ֪Ϣܿ촫˳ȥ
īȻ޷, Եٶ, Լġ
һ춴гһ׷ȹŮ, , ǲǲѽ
īûвġһ˹úܺáɲ֪ΪŮп̡
·û־ģԼƺƺΪɡ
ƺ󼸺һھʹӦˡӴī
ʼĿʼ, īһжȻ⡣ƺ˸Ƶģܺá, , , 轣ճ䡣
ӳˣīȻҲͦá
֣ƺʼڸ¶Ļ
ֻǵۣīʱѾ̫ˡûл·
֪ƺĿǣ֮ǰԷ˺ݣֱӽƺɱٸԼ˹ĹԼǲһƲлС
ƴŻɢ³ֻΪ˲䵽С
ڽþУҩͼ֣ĸԸǽ
Ļ
û˻ȥŰ˯
ǵıһ
кȻЩΪѹ
Ⱦȴ˳̰ϡ
һȴֻǶ̶һ˲
廹ڿ֣Ȼһ̣ȼ˺ɫĻ棬ÿ
еȼճɫ棬ΧչѾˡ
ԳƺӼĿֵġ
ǡ
Ȼǽ㡣
ֱָ֡
ϧĻͰǽ
仰㡣˵أСЦһϧĻ͹ԶԶءһɱˡ
ڶɾ֮УԨѹһѹԼӡ
Ƿ磬ǰ粻֪ٴˡ
ŵ
һЦ׳֮еʯѣ׶Ϯ
С׳˼ŷУҲʲôȫ׳
ŷֽ˲䣬ǰγһ͸ϣбУ˲ըѵ顣
ȴӳȥĻ׷
ԨֻǰһϡѾģұɲһʼͲ֡
ͦá
ֽⶢˣеķֽкܶ࣬һһѵġ
ڿǣֻ
ֻ˵Ⱥ򱻹
룬ӽóԼСལԥ˲Ƭ̾ͽСལС𴸡
ÿӽһΣ˲Ų̶̼£ÿˣ֮Ժʮꡣ
ýûƵġ
ΨһƵģС𴸡ǧС𴸣Դ
óС𴸣ǶЦЦ
㲻ΪǸСӾܶԸҰɡ޴
ԨۣƢõһ
һˡҪļһ˵˲Ļ
ǲɱһȥʱ˳ɱ˰ɡ
ִС𴸱ˡ
Ĺĵ߬С𴸡
ʦ˵ˣС𴸺˶ûеġ
˲ͷˣһδߴ٣Ͻǽ
ܸġ
˵ĺ档
īӽңҡҾԲύˡ
īԼĲл걣Ĺͷ
Ȼ̫ĹͷкãΪʲôᱻݺ֪ǣīȻѹͷҪá
һ̣Ȼһȡ
쫷Ϯ
ֻˣɲ֪ҪôԸ쫷磡
ᱻˤİɣ
Ƕ̧קЦţҽ㡣
Կá
Ԩָڿзٻţһƻ
Ϯ쫷Ǳһǽסһ̣ǽըֱӵת򣬳ӷȥ
ӿƾȣ΢ЩǱĶ㿪쫷С
ķһʱҪȹ㡣
ԨѵôĽšʵϣںԷʲô
༫ֻ֣и
㻹̫Ƚһġ
Ԩ˵ң
һ㶣߬С𴸣Щⲻ˼
𣿡
裬𣿡
Ԩҡ
ݡСǣ
ֲᣬС˵ĶδŹġܲ
ڴʼնȴ׿ϡ
ô
ŬȥСǵĺۼ
Сǵ·ǰҹ֮еУΣգأɿ
ۣССǣҵɡ
ˡ
ԨĿڣЦõģˡ
һ̣Ƕһ磬λӰ֮䣬Ѿִӵǰצһצ£ӸֱӱһצƷ
Ѫһء
գȫѪۡ
ǵצ֮Ѫǡ
Ԩ˷ӦĻᣬѸٸϣֺ̧ݺݴ̴˵š
˻иѸӳǱض㿪ֻץ˰
ˣѾɼ׹ǡ
Ѫģ
˾ز˺󡣴һʼͷ֣Ų򵥡
˼ֻнʿſɽ룬ǿֵġ
ʧˡ
һѪģǿƺѾ˺٣ɿ塣
Цš
úúá壬С
ЦţϵѪ𽥿ʼ䡣ֱ׹ɭɭ
ŵ۾
Ҳ̫ˡôԼһѪ⣬ʣͷأ
⻹
ǰİ׹ܡ
Ԩɫ˰
Ȼǡ
ħ塣
ǰ׹ܺα֮ǰƺߴ˲١࣬Ѿķ롣
ȼźɫĻ档
ǻ׵ķϣһˡ
ħЦָ֣׾ٽκ赲˺顣
ֿԼеС𴸡
⣬С̫Сˣôֵļһġ
ؾС𴸡
ܵһ԰ɡ
ԨǸħ
ħôڵҶɾ֮Уﻹǡ
ЩԤˡ
ɾ֮ڣΪֻѹڽ¡
ΪŲͬɾݣֻҪƵÿҲǲһΪ
ħ֮¿ѣĹȻ
ü
īԼĹң̫ˣ˱֮ء
Ȼһ̣ħѾצϮ
ַӦһԾڿһŤ㿪ͬʱСѸħצϴһ¡
ܴܲ򵽡ٱĹҵļһ͵ܵͷ
ȻС𴸴ȥħצϡ
ˢˢĴָѵ
ˣǱС𴸴λãʼڣڻ
ӯأͷҲСܡ
ˣôһֶͱצץˡ
Ǻܵÿ졣
ԨצѾˡӲɾԼ֡
ֶ㵽Сϸɸɾħﱧʹذ
ⴸ˭ģ
Ԩ֣
˵Լģ
ʦɿ󣬵ÿһԼɵġ
ֻڴ˹УһˮˮҲûðɣֲȷ룬˵ǴϵĿ̷
߬ԼС𴸡
ħʹغйŶϿڵֶڲ
ܡܡoϣܡ
ħɺŭ֡
Ĵʲôʲô
ַӦԭСررǸֵħﺦС𴸣
̸߾С𴸡
Ķ
ҲˣֵħںǱĴڡ
̾С׷ȥ
Ԩһʱ죬׷ȥ
Сˡ
Ϊħֶΰɣ
Σֻ׷ȥ
ֻСȥ׷ħ
ȻħﷴӦ죬δеСĴ򵽣ħϢ𽥱仯ŨŨɫҡ
׷ϣ¿ʼٻ
ӦԼçײˡ
̫ӦˣôᱻôСͷԣֱ׷ΪܵͣôȻôĵӣ
ֲ⣬ɵɫп׷ȹĻʱʱˡ
ĸ֪Ŵˡ

ϤϢؿ֣ҪֲңڿƮţĺŶ
ָо̫ʼ󿿣ȻħѾ̧צһġ
زֱķѡ
ؿѳƬƬ飬ֵĽԱ߼һ׵ĵǵ
ſڵϣס塣
Ԩ˿ѾһԾ̧࣬ץ
ЩȻصͷ
˼СǣСǲǻոպó嶯
ԨûЦǵħ岢ǺöԸģڵΪ򲻹
գգۣûбЦǱοˡ
̧֣߬䡣
ǵصͷöͷ˲
øŶ
Ԩô⧲һ䣬ƺһ
Сꡭô
ҧأԨǾܾСǵ
Դ̫ףɲԨ롣
Ķֻ֣׶һСǱȶôôࡣ
ħĹϮ
Ԩ˷ʱˣ֮ǰСƽͳī
ħϢɢĹС
Ԩ˸ֱϡ
ֺʱ˲١
ǡ
ħʼղǣٴγ
һħҪõǣһ˵ȥĺ¡
ԨϮħ
ڰճײһ̣ħﱻԶ
Ԩ΢΢üЩҡ
Сǵ壬̫ˡǿȶ޷ܡ
ħﵽħֵС˺֮⣬صˣħҲ׵ֿ
ôȥû塣
Ҳˡ
߬С𴸣ſխխĵصϣ
һԡ
̧ͷСǶһۡ
һ˶˶ԷҪʲô
С룬ɺһӿ壬ȫעСС
Ԩһ㣬ͬʱһԾ
ħȻϵС𴸣ãֻҪģܺС塣
ȻԨĴǲ·ġָ˸ֱӷסħĺ󷽡
Լ˼зֱӳħһһҹȥ
һҲûϵѸڿз˸̧ȥҵڶ¡
Сǣƣħܵ⣬վֵС𴸸˼¡
λֱӴħ忪ʼ䡣
ħʹشУ˻Уɢ
ħﻹδʧ
ϣǡֱ󣬻ɭɭš
Ĺʼ׹䡣
⧲Щˤ£Ԩһ§סĹ׹׹䡣
Ǳûõļһ
ת֮ʣֿһ
ͬʱָоԼ岻ܿƵƯСǱȷֿ
Ӱһֻ˳ֵָĲ
ͫһ
еС𴸼ʶĻӳȥ
еֻһ㣬ֵһСֱ׹䡣
̺oϲϢԸħܺʡ
ԸĻЩ˰ɡ
ŰּҪĲ
㡭ɽϵġ
Զ޷ǣɽʱ򣬱ֻֿŲ
ֶ˶٣ûпĲӣ°ϣһ
Ŷԭǳ༫Сƭӡ
ƺЦһ
ȤС༫С裬Ȼoйϵ
ţ֪ԼС䵽ʲôطֻС𴸵ġ
һΣѧ
Сལɡ
һֵ̣ϳĶСལ
̧𽣣Ѹٴ̳
Ѿ͡
ǰеɿÿ
Ǳ˺󼸲ֳСལضǰ
֪ԼǴ򲻹˵ġ
һΣϴξģԨ
ԨڣֻԼ

Ԩֻһʱ죬ֵϢקһ
Ѹٴƽ磬ϤһĻ
ɽġǸһ
ԨϢΣնȶ
񵽵С͵ֵֻϣнӹСལ
ʺϵСལԨУԵøСɡ
ΣյɱѾ޷صġ
ǰ֮еƺЦ
Ȥ
Ȥ
ǱݷСƭӡһμ棬Ҫֽ˫ַϡ
ǰʧ
׹ĹĹҲ˵ء
ֽŲȵʵأŷԼһ
߬С𴸣ҧ´
Ԩû˵ֻǽСལ
Ǹˡ˰죬ɬʣǲǺ
һΣһһҲܸо֮еˣҪɱ׾١
Ԩµطվȡ
û
˵ѡ
֮£֮١
Ŷһ
СǺ
ʲôʱСһ
ֻں˼֮УĹгһȹš
գգۣѵīġ
ŤͷСǣСǸ϶
õǣ˵ѾûػȻԡ
ǰȥȴϣ׷ȹĻƮƮط˹
꣬Ҫ𣿡
һ㶣ˡ
ԻīĻҲͲкЩˡ
ԣҪ뿪ˡ
գգۣܿҪ˰ҪҪʣһˣҪȼУ
Ҳ֪Լ˵ʲô
ֺһ뿪ģ룬ʣ˵һ𣿡
ͷ֡
˺ܾúСʣҴӦˣһҡ
ΪرҲһ֡룬֣һ˵Ϣһܻܲˡ
Ⱥ̫õĻ壬ֻǵԼڵȴˣĵȺ䣬Ѿ˭
룬ʵ嶼ûУûʲôΣաＸ꣬ī˵ֻǱȾˡһƯġ
ĺһԾ͵ͷˡ
á
Ԩ΢΢üȴûֹ
ΨһԻǡ֮⣬ûбá
ǻƮƮַ˹ĥĥ˰죬ǰۡ
ɡ
ּô󵨣Ҳ֡
޷Ļ壬ȥ󣬾Ȼʵ廯ġ
ͷϸġ
޽ǵʻġ
ָȥʱֺʲô
ǵԼʱһ¡ԼĻƮɢ޹顣
ɻؿŻ塣
ۣۺЦ⡣ѽ
ĿԵ˲䣬̧̧֣̽ͬ֡
΢Ĺֵ塣
ٴα۾ĵȺ¶õȴ˼꣬ȵ˶һΪҪƻöö˵Ļ꣬ҪԺöö꣬ɱööܼˣΪҪ꼸ĵȥ
û뵽Ȼĵȵˡ
Ƭ̣ԽԽǳЦʧֵС
ֵģһö塣
塯
޷Զࡣ
ö壬󻺻ơ
ġ塣
л˵
Ѱ+1
ϵĸ~
~
~


46 
ĵƯ, ܸɾ
Ȼ뵽ԼʱҲһġ͸Ԩ
Ԩʼմϡ
ǿʲôأ
ֲǵˡ
ӦòĻ塣ĸоǿͬ
, оͺ㡣
ȱһЩλãˡ
е塣
Ԩֻǻֵʱ򣬾ͱһ
С
ǻ, õҲǺ¡
Щ̫̫٣Ը䵽еģûС
Сһ壬˵һκվ֮бķ
ֽ, Ŵ, мʧġԼɢ, 벻ΪʲôҲ벻, 궼ȥ
ԭһȱС갡
Ŀ, ̲ס룬Ļ廹𣿻ص塣
֣
Ԩ
Щ̫ԣ, Щ, ʼĲɵġĳС
Щ̫ԡ
ֱһ, ŷӦ
Сǡ
СǴһС, Σٵ׾ӵмΪǿʵ
ûм, ΨһۿŵľСǡ
Сʵʵ
˵, , Ϊɢ, ԻͻСһʵȺ
ֺȻԼڴ
ҲҲǸСꡣ
߰ɡ
ַӦ
Ѿ֣ǣʱ뿪īˡ
ǰָţŴ򿪣һư׹Ͷ롣
һָ̣оԼ屻һɴ
Ǳصڵء
Сʦã
ިԼСʦñһ仨ˣûһֱǶ仨˳
ǰæ鿴ûˡ
ֱˤЩͷתأһ̧۾Ϳ˴ʦ㡣
ʦ㣡
ֱʦһӾͷˡ
ҵīˡ
û£С
ި˵
һСʦӣҲҵ˶ɾ顣
ֵСûôǱ׾վˡ
һ֣Цֹʲô¡
ʵʵͷ
˺ööࡣһīһ˻壬СǸˡ
ǲڣСѾԲ͵ز⡣
ǵ˶ã
ި֪϶ʲôСʦʲô˵ȻǻСʦõģ˵ǶСʦкôġ
ǾûбҪñ֪ˡ
Ҳתƻ⡣
ãգ˸ۣСʦþͲˡգգֳۣˡ
һ㶡ԭīôôãڴʦߵʱ䣬Ȼֻգ֮䡣
ҲãʱܳĻ´ʦ㵽ĵطȥɢˡ
ֺȻʲôͷȥһɫС
ԭصСѾˡ
īʧˡ
ЩȻĬãŬҲǺ£ȥīˡ
ިֱۣȷСʦûˣ¾²ᡣ
Ȼīûжɾ飬Ǿȥ
ܹҪҵɾģܴ򿪵Ҷɾһš
дʦڣְ˲٣ڴʦȥ
ֻţĽŲˡ
ԨһͷͷС걻һξ롣ͣ£˺һŵȵߵǰ
ڷ֪վԭصֱһͷײ
ײ˸
Ԩ׼ְ̧С걧ţЦ
еĺҪ𣿡
ԴײСǵ°ͣһʹ̧ͷֶСϷʵЦ
ߺûС
ԡ
ԥƬ̣С˵桭ûнʱ˵ڡ
˵˼֣ȴЩ鷳ġСڶɾڳֵģɾ⣬ɽϵʱֲ֪
Ҫ˵ܶܶĻ
Բ˵ˡ
ֻ뵽ȡ˵ʱġ
ü˵ʿΪȥ塭᲻Ļ壿
ī屾ֻǱʹ屻˭ʹˣ
еĶ˭
ַЩһ߽ȥ޷֪̽С
̲ס̾˿
Ԩ°͡
˵һͲ˵ˣţ
ֻλԴСǵֻο
˵塣
ôһߡ
ԨҲʡ˵Ͱˡ
ި˵ҪǵҶɾе󷨽硣ɾС
ި֮ǰ·ֻܸоǿ׵ʱֻȣδȥ̽ôǿžǶɾڵˡ
뵽ԼСŵһˣԴץһ˻ָ⡣
Ҳһȥ϶ɾأ
뿪īȥѰλãһҡ
ڼ䣬ײ˶ɾʿ
ЩʿɫҴңҲûдߵü졣
ި°ͣϢĲˣ֪ģ֪ˡ
ٰˣһʯеġ
ި⡣
ּʦɾһʯ룬ɸпȱǮı¡
קקСǵӡ
ȳȥҲҪ취׬Ǯ
СǽŲһ١
ȥ󡭡
ɾڵСǣĳȥ
Ԩûк˵⣬Ҳ޷ӦֻʦźȱǮ
ԣȱġ
ֺСǷʦŵС顣
ҼҴʦˣööǮǰЩӴʦʱ˵һǴˣ͵Ƿ˼ҵծ
ּǲ̫ʦ˵û˵˸ʲôơֻǵôʦ㲻ˣ
Ԩָ֪ŵިӵһʮ˷忪ɽ
ĳͣ˰Сû뵽Сިɵʦި˺ٺԼ
ҸǮԨкܶǮͷ
һ㶣Щ󣺡㲻СǮͷ
䴫СƤѾԼҵʵĽڣҪٶС
ôһ˲ĶҲֻһ˲䣬ҡҡͷ
еġ˵Ǽ䴫УЩҲġҾģҲҪġ
ֻԼܵĲԼġ
ԨΡ
Ҳ˵⣬˼ɾ顣
ֻҵɾܳȥ
ҪǳȥˣڵɽֿԨô죿
ĻЩŵġ
һ·ֳĬһ·
ĳĬΧ˶ˡ
ިûСʦȻǸСӣеԼСҲ
˽ŲЦʣֹڿʲô£
ֿ
ˣһ·ͬ㲻úܿףҲûкܲס
һŶ
˰һ˵
һ۾ͻῴ뿴ˣǻô죿
̡
ިע⣬ҲˣߵһСԣֱקԼСʦľ׮
˳ִԼĽͳָңԳԺȺȵ״̬Ѿãި״Ʋʣж಻
ˣ˵Ԩ˶ܺ档
ӣ˵Щʲô¡
Ԩ⸬
ָġֻ⣬زˡԨоͻ׼⸬װ޸š
˺˯ˣץСˣʱ⸬
Ҳ֪һΪֿвˡ
֮ǰÿο۾أһҲȫ
ԨԨ
ܺϲ
뿴˴֡һ죬֡
û뵽ʦȻô档
ԥԥء
Ԩֻ¼Ԩ»ڳ༫Ƕʱ⡣
žǣһѵĻɡ
ôһ¡
ЩصͷʵˣԨδ˺ɡֻãЩԨͻۡԣǲܼġ
ިɫѾЦޱǣǿǲ˴
Ԩ߬⸬ҧۣ˵
ֵоôģ
ȻǵҲδˣǾˡ
˼ֹᵱһѵˣֹﵱʲôأ
ֶдˣǰܻѹѾˡ
С衣֪Ǻ꣬Ҳ˵裬ԾС躬˹ȥ
費һ˺˲һ
ϲ֮Ϊ裬СǵǺܻẰˡ
뵽̧Сǣôĳģһû
һۣһ
СǣѪˣ
æȹСܵСࡣ
СǵĴһ˿Ѫ
ԨĨȥѪۣû¡
ֻСǵ𽥽ʹˡ
ֶСǰǵؿ
û𣿡
Ԩ֣ںԼߵͬ飬һں
ǳ
òˣһСǵֵõˡ
ţû¡Ԩظš
ȫѪʹɫȻֵ̧ͷ
ġ
ֶǶ˺һСǡ
ȷûʲô󰭣˿Сֹţǻᵣĵġҵͬ
ԨˣΪˣ̾
ꡣ
ިˮҿζЦЦ
Сʦá
ек֣ʦ¶
Ŷ
ȷСû£ȹߵʦǰ
ިСľ׮ˣĵʣСʦãǰй𣿡
һ⣬ֱ˵ע⡣
ؿ֣Ĵ𰸡
Ԩ֪𰸣棬ֻЩؿި
ôʵĳ⣿
ɡīӵƺ
Ϊһ鰮˹ͷ
ûСҡԲԴնҲСҲҪ
𰸳ϣֻҪԨ֪ΪΡ
Ϊɾīߵƺɡ
ôһң˭˶ǵ˰˱ù
ިӵһѾ֪Сʦúͳ༫ûбĹϵ
ǣȤúܡԼСʦǸСӲǸô᲻ûйϵôˡԷûСʦõ¡
ˣźĪڿʲôҪѰء
Ѱȥ
Цˡ
Сʦãʦ㰡ɰϵĲõȷᶪ˵й캣ĺٱ磬ʲô̫Ӱ༫
ިд˽ЩλȨص˶ʲôɣɣһҪܿ
ӣЦ
УǱ߿ˡ
༫ۡ
ΪʲôҪɣֻ⣬ֻɶ֣ǾǺīƺ
ΪʲôҪһԼˣ
ԨôҲ棿ԨҲɰԨûк
ɵѾͷʦ㰡вģ޾壬֮¡档
ިʼԼСʦýһЩ¡иɣܺС
ިɡȥԨĻԺɱصЩ½Ϊʱ硣
ިЦˣЦųü
أʵġ
ǽԭء
һֱ㣬£ʵǿǸ塭Сʦã׽׽֪ĺôˡ
ֻ⣬ֻǶʵǿᣬصͷСĺ
СЩε̧
꣬ıꡣ
ިȻһЦˣЦǰ󷭡
ԶԶԣСǺ
ȻּüŪۡ
ôСǣ㲻һ𣿡
ֻʲôһԣСѾǰˡ
Сҧгݵأ㻹СЩ
ʲôСҼСʦôҲިȻС㲻㳤ˣİɡ˵Ѿʮ͡
ڷ䶼ܳɻˡ
ôһ룬ިֱͦˡ
СʦöǿԳɻˣɿֺηǲԸ˵ԸСʦá
ͷСǡ
Ķ䱻ţ̫ʦ˵ʲôܸоСֵĽꡣ
֣Сǵ˫֡
˫ֽСʣСǣŶڽʲô
Ԩش⡣
У̸ֻ͡
ިۡ
Ҫȵضࡣ
˳ȣ͵ס˳ͼ
̫ӵ¡
ިЦûȤҼСʦõһɣ
ЦŹ֣ˣ͡
δ䣬צѾȻĺڡ
ƯСǴ̵ﾡɱ
ͬһԡ
Цָָ̾Լ
ǸϧЩ
ֻ۾˻СǾЩҪŪˡ
˻һ
󵽵ЩأȥקקСǵӣק뿪
Сûκεֿ뿪
ߵ֮УֲСʦ˵ɣǲīӵ֣񡣡
Ԩ֪ǣƺ֣ҡ
Ǿͺá
˿ʲô
Ԩ϶ܸɵľݣֻܺţɾǡͱ˲ͬһֱˡ
һ㱡һֱ𣿺ͱ˶һδһֱɿԡ
̧ͷǰСǡ˺һ
һֱ𣿡С̵ʱ򣬵ڣһֱһô뿪˶ɾԺأ
ԨȻ𰸡شغܹϣᡣ
ۺʱεأǶҪһ
ˡСһһֱˡһֱһֱ
Ҫ𣿡
ֺʡ
л˵
ɹϮ
ϼ


47 
ȢΪ
Ҫҵ
Ԩǵڶεõֵѯʡ
, ޷Ϊʲôԡ
Ǳض㿪ֵߡ
һһֱ㡣
ֻһܸ֤
ֵõ˴𰸣Ȼɣǻһֱ, 㹻ˡ
ҲûʧЦ˵ͷѽ뿪, ȥʦţʦʦʦֶģررãҲϲġ
ʦſ϶áԨԼΪ༫Ļ, ܶᱻ̤ʦŰɡ
Сǡ
ϧ, СҲ
ֻں
ͦϲʦŵСӵ, 㻹з, Сз˽ŵġʦ, ˵ʦ㣬һβСıзˣǾͳһзȡ
Ԩһ·, ˵, ᵫʱµʦ, ˵ǻϸ̨ſĶʦ, ̯Ǯʦ
źС˺٣ܿ֡
Ԩ룬ڳ༫ûôֹ, ûк׽
ټĳ༫ֻ
ֻصʦ, ʦѾһ, ˵¡
ֻ֪, Ҫ򿪽磬Ҫиޡ
ڳУҲԳƶ˽һ㡣
̫ӡҪٹ⣬ӹΪܵͣ㹻еؼ
ֻʱިͷһ㡣
̫㶮󷨣ˣžǸѰˣԼʦиС룬бʹ
Сʦãިϣʣ𣿡
ŤͷСǡ
Ԩ
Ƚ󷨵ȷܱ
ިһ
ͺѰˣҪȥ綼򲻿Ρ
룬С˵Һ񡭡һ㣿
ɽǶ飬˲ٵ顣ɽһʱҲһ㡣
ӡǺܶܶģԼɽǶʱܲҲѧһƤë㡣
˵仰еˣҡҡ֡
һһ㶼
ЩȻصͷȻިȴЦͷ
Сʦ󷨶ᣬôôȥʦֽһǣ
̧ͷﶼϲ
ިЦ
ԨިЦͶСЦ޲ͬǡ
ʲô
ʲôİСʺѧһЩ
Щ˵̫ˣҲ̫Ѷ
ʺ֮䡣
ָŴʦȥʱԽԽôҪߵʱĵطˣ
һȥ̲ݵïʢïܵĴ֣һ
ԶԶһϲָСǿ
㿴ҵʱ￴ġ
ССģںڵһţˮС̷ӺγȻˡ
Ԩһ
ǵá
Լִźܵ˾޴ѹ壬γһС̡
ˮзΣԾȺһۣͿ
ֿϤһĻͦˡû뵽߻һ졣
Ϊڶɾڣͨ˴ķ뿪󣬾ͺٻˡ
ȴʦֱߵСԣŽվںԣü
Ҳˣ
һ㶣
ިЩż֡ûһɾ֮Унڽʧġ
īһ仨ҲͰˣֱûˡ
ɾڣȻ˲Сı仯
ߵߣ֡
ϲûн磬ֿ״
ʦ㡣£Ǹ߸ʦˣʱ͵ʱһƬûе졣
ûУިҪˣȴû뵽ֱӲˡ
ΧźתһȦ
ѵިӣ֪ǲǬ
ިҲڿ⣬ǵͬʱҪһԿǽȥ
Ǭȥϲأ
ި°ͳ˼
ѾСˡ
㵱ʱγʱʲôֵĸо𣿡
ԨʱĶҪҵ֣עЩֲ˵ֻȫƸС̡
ʱ̫СûӦ˵š
һҲǣʱС·ᣬˤ˸˲ģôע⵽еء
ͳԼС롣
Сװûװġ
ȹ|ں߽СŽȥװһĺˮ
ҲȡС룬ͼӺ̽Ƿгԣ
Ͼˮ嵽СĶѨ׻ҲʲôѨɡ
ָ
С𣬿ˡ
С뱻װһĺˮ붼ˡҲˡ
˷ʼŤ
Сֱӽеˮȫ˳ȥںˮеȥʼձпտգֻˡ
ûãС뿪ʼȡ
üͷ΢
סôоСԵеࡣ
Ĵʼ
һһ˾𣬺һ޴С
Сֿ۾ջС룬óԼСӡ
һѵ߰ɣĲϲ
Ȼľ޴֮У¶׵ĺģˮ֮¿ˮײ
ިԼСʦÿۡС뻹ͦá
ިֱӳԼĽ
ʵ޻ĳި֮·𱻶һ⡣
ӭˮݺն
ˮʱնУһ֮£ˮ֮гһ͵Ѻۡ
ިһһ㣬һԾȥ̽̽·
ʦ㣡
Ŵʦˮ֮С
޴£ިӰܿ첻
ģǾ޴ˮ
ʦʦ㲻µġ
϶ģ
вϸԼҪţ侲
ɾˣϱ߬С𴸣Լûз֣С𴸵ֶЩˡ
Ԩǰ֡
ģ
ҧŴ׻޷侲һ
Ͼɾ֮У˽̫١ʦ˵ʲô֪жɾĵطʦ˵ˣȻΣصġ
Ǻµġ´ʦΣա
Ԩ§¾ͲҪȣҴȥ
ڣֳΣա
ôĵȺ򣬵ֱȥѰҡ
ԨֵСལӭˮһˮӦѡ
§һԾֱֱ¡
ֱۡ
ˮеĻ㣬׹ʧظУб
Ԩˡ
֮Уƿط򡣵ⲻԨʲôѡ
Ԩ˷§ŻСء
ۣСǴɫЩʧ
ջҡҡԴ̫࣬Ҵʦġ
ˮһ·׹ֱӵִ˺ĵײһʯӣˮݣǳǳˮֵĽű
Щ̧ţ˸Ūɾ׼̧ҽʱ˲ˡ
̧ͷСǡ
ûɣ
ԨôûӦԼΪѾߵö͸ˣǲҪҴĺá
ûѵôĵ˵
ֳһûãûб˿
ԨСж಻ϲˮģͷԼʪĽţֱ֣˱
ֺһգСǵֱϡ
ԨѾ˸˫Ÿɾˡ
¶һЦ
лл㣬Сǡ
ԨҲϲʪģǻﱧ֣͡
ˮ²ûзިǷˮ
ˮ֮Уϡ͸¶һ㱡Ӱӡ
Ԩֱһ
ˮӦѡ
ˮ֮еǿտգ¶ˮš
ֶˮſ˺һЩġ߽ȥīֻ֣ҵŲ뿪İɡ
СǣҪѡһȥ𣿡
ʦ㲻ڣǲѾѡһ߽ȥˣ
üͷ΢
ԨǵֵطԲûʲôΣգԵֱ֣һŽѡ˸Լһˮ߹ȥ
ȥ
ˮŲ̤ȥϸ¡
ֺԨѾˮʧͬʱֵһƬһ޼ʵɭ֡
ǰһټĺ
֮УϡɼһС
ִСǵĻŲʵأĵֱQ¡
ûʵĵĵأûˮ
ӦþǴʦеˡ
ܴСںģҪֻܹȥ
˼ǰһ硣
΢ֵȥ
ˣʦ˵ģ硣
ΪҪ
̻ͷСǡС˵һġ
ԨƷڽϣ΢֪һ¡ջָ֣⿪ʼջơ
ָ˳س͡
ԨлƵƣעһ
Ȼһ̣ԨָȻʧ
ջƵҲ紵ȥ
ԨԼơ
ԡ
ʧ
ֻڵȴԨû뵽ֻգ֮䣬Ƕɫ԰ףվȡ
æǰСǡױߴ࣬ЩûзסһģСֱſͷˤ
Сǣ
ֻ񣬼еغ
СǴСʱڵûôһֱīǸֵˣսȻֱͦ
ôȻ֮䣬ô
ŵˡ
뵽С֮ǰ飬ĳ
ֳʲô𣿿ѾΣûбҪȥκġο֮ǰҲȫͬ
̵ֱֶ̣ŷȡ
Сǣôˣ
Ԩ˫ա
ں޷ӦֻߣѾûлشˡ
ءʶģ
ֳرСǣ˫ڷʼûɿ֡
СǣСﲻ㻹˵𣿡
һ׷һʣʼûеõ𰸺ҧأˣǵãһž޴׳
ǻбһҪߵ꣬ɵġ
ַ˺ôľСǼˤײأòײű˵¡
֧ţ̴ӽ֮ͳ˻ķС
˻ķСǳط¡
Ƕصϡ
ֱӰѹýɡ
󱳱ϵĥеۡۻ㲻ʲôСǵա
̵ġ
Щʲôô죿
ҧ´֪ʱЩʲô
Ȼ֮䣬뵽ǰڳ༫ʱΪεصʱԨģһһİ
ġ
һóС롣С̲ص̫ԣˣС붼֮бȦ
СеȫգԨӡ
̺СǵĶͷһ¹䡣
еǶʼս˫ۡ
˫̵ּÿģ̧ͷͷ֮䶼ܿġ
Ȼôϣ˵Ļš
Сǡôˣѹ
ֲòϣԴɾ֮ͼС̣ΪֹûзֿȻۣûκλӦܵȻĻֺ̿ܡ
Сǡ
ֵ𽥽Ƕ壬ֻ겢δκεתѺۼ־ֵط֣еǶС
ֻбһֻССС̡
ռʱС̣ССһţĻУҲͱƴ
ĳȵס
С̣飬ŻĻΣôȻ֮ͱ˻ȥ
ˣ
ֲ֪ΨһľǼС̡
ΨһõһǣС̻ڷ̡
ֱС̡
˺þúþãõһҹ߸áСۡ
ʼûеȵ
С̵ĺƽȡ
һһֱС̣һֳվ
Ǳһ̫ˣһģЩ
˺һֲŻ
ŵС̻˯
ָ˵Ķͷ
ˣֻҪƽ¾ͺá
뿪뷨ЩġС󣬲ż
ֱС̻ص˽ǰ
ΣҪߵȥѰҶɾ顣
ֻǵСǸոô󷨵ġ
ŬƬ̣ƾż䣬ؽƳ
Ͳһ
ָ㿪󷨡
ǰ΢֮䣬򿪡
ǰǺϿһҪִҪ֮
ֺС롣
óСҿĴСҲǸˡ
ȻšԼĺ״Сһ㣬С̲Ļ
һЩ
ֿʼСܱܲٴһ㣬װҺСǡ
С뻹δҪ
С뿪ʼص
Ʊɫϲ
ֺˣϽͣˣҲ
СͣװС룬ʼ
أǷһ㣬С
˵Ǹˣ˵ǸСΪ
װֺСǡ
̱غְ꣬С̵С
СƮںϣǹԾԾ˳Ʈ
һƯƯҲмʱ
СſŲ
̫ˣСԴڽıԵ۾
ܡΡ
СûѣԱظܣСɶɲȵȥˤ
òСƯ˵ɳ̲ѾأǵõС̣ȴ򻬣ûվȣֱˤ˸Ľų졣
ֱΣ̾˿
û뵽һֻ꣬ҲнŻһ졣
֪ͲЦСˡ
С̻˯ȻҪˤˡ
ֻ˺һŻС룬ֱСһϡ
һ̨Ĵڡ
ԶԶˣﻹһؽ硣
λŽ⿪⿪˽磬˶ġ
ǿ𾢣С̨̿
̨ܴ
ΧķŲٷ䡣
̨ķ̨̨ףķ̨֮ϵмߴǼ̨塣
һ㶼ǷŶġ̨Ϸŵģһšʯ齣
۾ûȷһʯ齡ʯƺ˯һˡ
һ̨׵˼̨
ߵýˣڿ壬ʯϵģһµĿˡ
ƺ˳˯üûƽ޺
΢΢ɴۡ
Ԩ
л˵
Ҳ~
~


48 
ֿʧ
Ԩ, Ҳڶɾ֮ˡ
һֱûмΪ䵽ʧ
̨
һ̬
̨̫, Ԩһֲ̫õĸо
С̨ףߵ̨ԡֵһ˲, ΢֣赲һĿ
ϵĵ
ԨǸ󷨡
úܼ򵥣ܴǰĽ磬ȻҲܶԵЧȻһ, ò׽󷨻, ȴ޷򿪽硣
ʼ赲ǰ
͸һ, ԨС
ִδԨļ, ԨԶǸ߸ϵ, ʵѹģδ·
Ԩڼ̨ϵʯϣִδģ
ԨҲбһ
ָŽ޷Ԩ, ŻеС, Ԩʧ
ѵ, ˵, ܵɣ
ڣ￴
벻Լһʲô飬Ԩһ, ջߡ
ǵȴ򿪽硣Σ̨ĸоá
ļ, ڲ󳭹鼮, ƫһЩѧҲûзࡣûбİ취, С̺ȻĻ˯ѣбڼ̨ԨҲĴʦ㡣
ֻˡ
ֻˡ
̨ϣһ紵ǷѩĺУͷң䡣
䡣
оԼҲʼɺϮ
ķѩԭ֮жСİɡõģֻл
ֻʮŻֻǲ֪ΪΣڼ̨ĸ޷ʹá
ֺһоɱˡ
䡭˻еС̣СƤëûбϮͺá
̨ϵԨƺѾһ˪ȥ
룬С̽ģȼ֣׳
СصĻΧŽ绺׹䡣ڰƯ
ô򿪽硣
һ˪Ӽ̨ĵͶᣬ̨ף쵽ִ塣
Ԩ˫ڳ˯֮С
Ԩ
ָŽԨЩ
˲Ž磬һ
ֵĽᡣѸٽ׳Ǻãδ˳Ľ塣
ַֻáǾ͵óô˻򿪽硣
ͬʱǱ˪űƬ̣Ѿ˳ֵĽţСӿ
䡭ܶˡݶڴŶ¡ٴӳ֣һΣǱ˪ֻǷٶȣδʸ塣
ãÿһ㡣
ֳ̯Ŭ롣ʲôܴ򿪽ġ
׳С룬Ӽз󷨣һһһһΣСֿգܵѳܽܵķ롣
ҧأ·þȫվȡԲܵȻĻ̱˪ǡ
ͷۣͷۣǰʼڡ
ʹȺֵ֢״
˿̱˪Ѿµı𽥸ǡ
̨֮еԨۣüȴûиոյİȣƺü
Ǵֲȷ
Ҫ˪Χ䰡ϲֺ䡣
ֲ뿴֪޸еԨҲ뿴˪ϮԼ
䰡գۣԼë϶Ǻ˪
ٲ򿪽磬ҲãСҲãҪɱܰɡ
ǿֵ
³һڰǿ壬ֻûжϵʱٴָСӴ
һԡ
СеڷŤֻǱȷӡСڣ
ֺȻ뵽ˣҶɾġ궯Ѱǲ˵ɾ⣿
ҵ˶ɾ飬ţǾ뿪˰ɣ
ֲȷϾһ绹δ򿪣ѾҪס
һԡ
Դеġ
ָˣֱӿָ⡣
ٴַŽ磬һ˲һΣȴʧˡ
һ㶣Լָ⡣ԭһҪ˲ܴ򿪵
ѹʲô󷨶ûá
ֻǴ˿̵Ѿ޷ˡ
С̾ĻУƣ׷ӡ
Ⱑ
ƣر۾
СҪɱˡ
Ԩʱ򣬼ǵðѱɾ
ּ˻˯
ȻоԼҪɱʱ䵽һʵĻС
ȵģٵء
֣
֡
ַ·Ԩ
ǲǵģֻ֡ẰС
ֳ׻˯ȥ֮ǰ̲ס룬ԭҲԨһֵġ
Сְ֣
ַ·˯«ڳ༫˺ϣ«ɹůëģɹ̫ŷںӱߵ«﷭
ůζ
о˱ǸԨ
˺ҵ˯һ·صСᱧϺ£ҲᱧڶСϹߡ
ʱ򻹻
˯ˣ֣ۡ
ףԨֱûۣԨǼٵġ
ԨẰֵġ
ΰɡ
һ
˻Ρ
˯ˣ֣Ҫѹ
ѹ
ŶֵԨȷΡ
Ӧڡ
տļ̨ӡڽԨһһı˪
ڡɾڣϡ
ֻۡ
ǰԨϤüۡɫã԰׵أüĽš
ʯϣн
գգۡԨ
еůͬԨܱأǺ˪òȥ
ĻˣŵؿڣܻǱʲô
ЩأԨļϡ

ɲδ뵽ֻôһ£Ԩӻ˻Ρ
ִ㵵صɴۡ
ԨԨôᱻôһƣĲأ
ҶˡԨĿܣµɿ֡
ֳĬ뿪ʯ齵һǣС̡
СʯϣҲ֮ǰҪ΢ضࡣ
ģССǣ
Ԩ۾һգգǵرС̣ͷβ޶á

СͬʱֵʱֻС
Ԩؿڣ׶˵·ʧȥԭеĻÿһ¶ػˣǸоͷĴʹ
ֱСǺ˼Сǲδ֮ǣ˿
С̣ԥ˺һŻعͷ
Ԩʯϣһ˫
Ȼأ־ʧȥƿߣŵϺϮĺۼ
˵סΪʲô֪κεĺ䣿崺磬ʡ
벻׾Ͳˡ֪Ԩôˡɾ֮ôӡڼ̨ϡ
Ҫ˵ֲ֪ô˵
ǲ˵ġ
ֱС̳Ĭضʯ齵ıԵԲ
ԨһسĬ
Сǵһ·֪жమЦ˵Ŀġ
ڿԺпڳ༫֡
Ĭʱܲϵ
ԨŤͷȻĨȥǵѪ
ָСŷʱЩԨ᲻ġ
߰ţԨٷҪҪȫ
ôҪôش
ֳĬ˺ܶ࣬ʲôȥ롣
Ԩֳʯ齣أһµ°ڣ·ˮһء
һ³ôȥˡԨ֪ܲҶɾģô׺ʱ䡣
οС̵ȷȥС
ǰԨ
̧öԨʼϵߡ
һ̣ͷ
ԨΪ̫ΪıʲôԨ֪Լ˵жܡ
ԡܡ
Ц
Ҷɾ飿
Ԩֱ˵
⣬һ㶡Ԩô֪
֪Ҳãȥ˵һЩĻֱá
ԡû̧ͷżŵأС˵ˣҵõ
ֻǲ֪ôҵԨ
ټźҲûбĵطˡ
ɾʲôط
Щҵģ벻ͨ
Ԩܾû˵ˡϰϰӡ
Ĭúһ顣
ɾ
һ㶣û뵽ô׾ҵ˶ɾ顣
ʦ˵ģˣʹɾš
ֻҪˣھ뿪ˡ
ϲƬ̣ɵԨ԰ûѪɫĴֲ֪Ϊʲôͷһ
Ԩ
ؿԨ
ոնûŷ֣Ԩ̫á
Ѫɫüеľ⣬ǡЩ
ֲֻ֪ǺȻֱԨԾ
Ԩڱӡڼ֡˵Ǳѵġ
ϲֺ֡
˾Ļ
ȴˡȻ֪ôڡѵҪԨ㲻
ʦʦѧĿڣ޷ԨϡֺѺ̹ʵ˵
Ѿǰˡѧô˵ʦ֪ú˵ĻȥᱻɡǲǻѲ˵ȫ׽ˣ
һأȴѵԨ˵Լʡ
ǲǲˣ
ȻĻеԨôġ
ԣֻǿѪɫǸֵĸоǣԨں
ԨЩü
ֻС˵ЩĴʦ˵ЩϾǰѧһ̹ϵСꡣֻʱԨòϣǴ޷úý

Сڽ
ԭصֻ
ԨµЦЦ
ûˡ
û˵ѣȷˡʲôˡ
ǿдӷӡнԼ꣬ɾ飬ٸߵΪҲ޷Υķ
ֲ֪òšԨܲá
˵ûˡδƭ
ָɰͰŶһżڵϲȥٴγĬ
϶ɾ飬뿪
ԨеĶɾ׵֡
һֽסɾ飬ЩãȻ
õ˶ɾǿ뿪ˣ
̲˲ٵˣڽӴɾʱ򣬾ͷҪ
ǿѹˣȻһ¡
Ϊʲô˵뿪ʱԨԭزδ
߬Ŷɾ飬һԼһ¸ҵĺ꣬ʲô⣬ʳɡ
ԺҲûԺˡ
ΪʲôԨ
Ԩǲ֪ô
ЦЦ
ɾΪƣԼһµĶɾ顣
֮Ѿڶɾˡ
ţδ뿪
Ҫ뿪ɾһһ꣬ɾ
ߡԨҲƭԺ
ֻԺҪһЩꡣ
֪Ԩδƭ˵仰ʱȻֱ
ǵġ
Ԩ˵ѡ
ҧ´ѵ˵ΪŶɾ飬ԨҪɾ
Ŵ򿪣Ԩ뿪ᡭ
ãȻؿԨ
ǲǳȥˣԨ
Сʡ
ԨЦһ»أ类һ㣬ߵֵࡣ
ûж㿪ͷ
Ԩ̧֣ķ
ˡ
ջ֡
ԡ
Ǻܺ㲻뿴ң𣿡
˵仰ʱԨ߬֡
˵
ţҧŴش
ԨȣЦЦƵģ䳹ǡ
Ȼ
Ԩ
ؿ
һ뵽㲻뿪Һѹ
˵취뿪𣿡
л˵

ϼ~



49 
Ԩһ͡ؾ͵õ˽ѡ
áȻáô˵, Ԩֻһͷ
һȥ
ѹ
ɾҲ޷ơ
á
ԨȻӦһҪ
˿ٻ˽ԨġӲӦȻӦ, ôһһȥġ
ʱŷ֣ոûʳԼɻĺǰһ, У뿪ǻ᲻ǰԨڶɾ֮ڣ
ֺûʵĻ, ǱȻᷢ顣
ֻΪʦһһĵĽ̵, ڵë, Ź˳ı, Ҳı˾档
Ȼ, ²в˵ڣܻɺܶź
ˣԨҲˡ, ˵
Ƕһˡ
ֿԨ, ̲ס, Ԩ, 㿴ҵı仯
׶ѧ·ǣȴʼǰߡ
ء
ʲôʱ˵Լľء
ϣǶ߳
ɾ, ֻǴʦ㻹ûҵֻڿǣԨ˵Ļ, ǲ˵, Ҫ뿪ѣ
ֻС, С̵ëë˳˼
Ԩ˴𰸣Ȼ֪Ҫôȥ
ֻ뿴Ϊ˼ġܾûеõˡ
־Ҫֵ̨⡣Ԩӡ̨⡣
£ѻеС̺Ͷɾ鶼ʯϣԼһŤͷȥǼ̨ϵĸ
˵ؿտ˵ʲôܻӰĴڣԼĸˡ
ͨ죬Լֵֵ֣ķ񡣶вͬеϻģеźģһϣߡ
Χĸ˺һһƺߡ
̧ͷ
ԨʯϣƺڵͷС̡
ֲ̫ȷԨûˣԨ⣬ֻСˡС̻ûѣ˵С̵Ҳ
ԥԥ˺һǴԼĽͳ˻ķ
Ԩʼûжûǲ²Ǳˡ
Ͼʦ˵ĺҲǵá
߽ʿǿнɾĻҪôҪôˡ
ᡭ
СĿ˹ȥҲû˵֡
ķݵԨǰһ̣һͿ
֡
ӹķһ̣ʣȻ
ôһ뿪
ˣǶ
ּԨӹķûǰһ˵ЩʲôôģȻͿˡ
ԭԨ棬ǿԽܵġ
˵Ҳ̸ֻµ顣ֻҪ漰ȥǺܴȵһֻꡣ
ֻԨָʱǱ¶ȣĿ˲ʧ
ضԼָ
ʱˣûһ¶ȣ˪Ϯ
˿ָ¶ȺԨָ⣬˺ܶࡣ
ԼֳƬ̺ҧ´ȥץԨ֡
ԨûκεĶץš
һԨֲ֣˸
ñ
ŵؿԨ
˵֮һֱּǱ״̬
ֺЩܣ񣬺֪ʲô
֪Ϊʲôо崺硣
Ϊ˪Ϯ
ҳһƬ֪ô졣
ֱԨ۾ǿԨҲܸо
С꣬ˡ
ԨȻط֣ܿɿ֡
ЦЦ뵽뿪ķ𣿡
ȴǾڲ֡
ָţû˵µ˼ĳȥ
ջ֣ȴǲʵ𣿡
֪𰸵ġڿҪסʱġ
Ԩһġ
˶ĴЦ˵䣬СūҪ𣿡
ġ
֪
䣬֣ϱԨ
һŷԭлҪ䡣ġ
ӣô˸
ûɿ֡
ԨЦʧˣǱرۡ
⡣
Сϧˡ
Ц
Ԩûʱʮ֮ãı塣
ֱֶԼԨһˣűԨƿɿ֡
ȻΡΡأݶڴţԨ˵ҿԼܵġ
䣬ǲ̡Եġ
ԨȴЦΡ
᲻á
ôСܹ
ֻԨЦܿʧŴ̲ס룬ôΪλڲ֪䣬˵롣
ֻ˺һŻ
ÿϧСҪžͺˡ
ԨҲô䡣
ִӽзСӣĶһԨ
Ԩ˶񣬹Сӡ
˪ǣЩ޲
㡣
˲һͿСС̹ϸĵҴҴ߽ǡ
ԨЦʧ
ڵУӶɡ
չ˹С̣ŰոѾĸֻе̵ͼڣЩͼǷ壬ȥо
ٴλصĸǰĿȥ
˻㣬Сóȥգȥ䡣
ôһȥĸϵͼڶŪˣһϷɳڰգ޴ķ
ϻһХһߵֵĸǰһХ
ϻͷÿһȶǰһ
ѾȻ쵽Ľűߡ
˺ëŵüǴԭر߬С𴸡
еѾ۵Ũʱ̣ĳȶķ磬һһľվվȣֱӱ÷
ǧ䡣
ԨֵֻڰзţŬת˸Ԩڿлһһһչʾ
̨Ϻ̨··طȥԨҲ²
ڷб·Ǳ
ˣŬԨķֿ
żסˣڷŬסΣջ
ǧ䣡
ִһԣһµء
ִڴںţԴˡ
һ쫷ٴϮ
ǱӴܡ
Ը磬ԸҪʲôˣСǽ̹
ָǿټǰγһǽ
쫷ŷϮ֮ʱǽأʼ̨ߡ
ϻһһţһߣһߵʣϻʵˣֻôţľսġ
ʼ߬С𴸣֪Сδؾܴùϻ
ʦ˵ûжɾĵطһк׺׵ޡõɾˡ
ֲôһ룬ȻӦ
Ŷõɾˣǲöɾܴ򿪼̨Ԩ뿪
̨ܡ벻
Ȼϻһˣֱס̨׵·
ôһͷϻ
ֵС꣬ϻе㺦µأ̲ס˺˼
˺󣬴ϻһʱϻĽ¼ǻ棬ʱϻȼܻ棬
ֵһݵûдϢػᣬϻƵڼ̨ܡ
ˮ
ǰɽͻͬˮƾˮҪˮԴȡˮȡ֮䣬Ȼ֮Ĺͨ
ǰԹΣСߣﻹֻܳɹһΡ
ԶԶҪôܴӺн赽ˮ
ϻ˹ٿ죬оԼͷ˿Ҫˣ
ǱǰһһѸת˸ҧأܵһԡ
֮ǰѾйݽߣ˿ٴνС룬ٻˮ
Ȼˮջãֱѡ
ȻС
ֱϻñ˺꣬Ѿӷܡ
Ǵ򲻹ˣһֻ귴Ӧôܲܲϻɡ
Ԩڼ̨ϣСϻ
ÿζϻת䣬Ƶϻܻһ죬³Ļ򣬳СϮȥ
üͷ
ûдЩޣǾ鲻ġ
˿СǵĻ
ĿСϡ
Сһ겻ȣߡ
Ѿܵͷˡ
ҪֻһֻϻˣǺϻͷżһȳ
һȣǰͻһء
ϻߣܲСľͻᱻ߲סȡ
ֱ׷ù׷һԽ׷Խ
ǲãԨô򿪼̨Ҫֹ
ǻޣ
ֵϹһȦΣֱӴСˡ
һСལһС𴸣ˡ
׷ôǱҲϵģ
СལѾ˳ΣС𴸣ϻ;ֱӺݺһȥ
ϻħ޲ͬˣֹֻϻĽŲûĴϻ
аС𴸴ϻģСལҲûиĽơ
һ¾ֻ֪С
ǵ
ûˮ׷ɱ
Сལ̧ӳ׷
׻ɢĸ
žһ
źơ
ԽԽܼ
׷һһӳ׷ȫþָԼȡ˻ɱʱ䡣
һһ
ɱɡ
֪ǰɱû֮ǰɱôܵԡ

ɱնѾͷҲػ˸񱼡
ɱȼ˲䣬
ĸӦѡ
ֻعͷʱϻߣԭؽӲŲ·ͣʱ
~
ڶ𣬿кٴ硣
ĸԭر÷顣
޺ʧԭء
ֵɴۣɱûǵġ
ǡ
һ徲С
С
ֺЩȣСϼ̨
̨ϣ۾ؿԨ
㡭뿪𣿡
Ԩֱ˵˺һ
һʼ֪Ҫڴ˿뿪Ψһİ취Ƭ
ע˵Ľ֡
һ㶡˺ꡣ
ֻţͷ۵ġ걻˺ѣĺʹģʹ޷͡
ֺС
ġ塣
̯ơ
𣿡
Ԩ֣ôѻ˳㲻ԼĻ壬ֻҪл壬ֻҪƬ壬õ궼òΪ
á
ȴҡҡͷ
ڵþƽ뿪
ִֹ˵Ӧҵġ
ӦˣҪú뿪ɾ
Ԩ̬ϡ壬õġ
߶ɾֻҪһ꣬˭Ŀν
Ԩ֣壬Աκ˶㲻һֻĺ𣿡
ڸ㣬Ԩ
̹ʵ˵
ԨȣĬĬ̧Ŀڡ
˵
á
Ԩлң֡
ֶʱЦۡ
Ԩĵл
ͷԼеĻ塣
һְ˰ɣû˰꣬ڻҪһηſ
Ҳپһ㣬Ϊһ˰ɡ
ָᣬ׳
~
衣
Ԩϱļһѿˡ
վԭأŷڼ̨ϿյĻ壬̾˿
̧׳ɾ顣
˷ӿɾ֮С
ɾųɫĹâǰһӣС𣬺ɿݣرɫ
ǰһѾ䵽˽СĺĴССһƬʯ
ިҲǱشӺʯˮ˺üͷϻˮݡ
ƨĵûУˮ㡭ף
ިͿ֮Уһ𽥸֡
ѿ
ԼСʦãСʦûһֻС̣źʯϿƮŵһ塣
Լĵ
ި̾СʦãȻҵ˶ɾ鰡
ިۿСʦĺˡ
аԣǿСʦ÷ŲվȡΣϢη
ި֪ΪΣԴ뵽һˡ
༫
˦˦ͷ׿
ôܣСɾ˸߽ʿĳ֡ǳ༫Ҫô˵Ҫôһǳ༫ѡ
λߣشġ

Сʦãɵò
ިԼСʦá
ֿ˴ʦ㣬ʦ㡭ţˡ
ֻһӵʱ䡣
һӡ
һӵʱ䣬ŻһֱƯڿУ֪Ϣʿ뿪
ިѾټ߼˰뿪
뿪ľǸСʿʿΣ̫֣ЦŹ˹֡
ֹ֪Ƿңֹ棿

ֵ˵ͷá
ȥ˾Ҫġ
ףֱ̤š
Сʦãˡ
ިߴ
Ŷһʦߣҵ󡣡
ԼĻ壬е᲻áԨ֣Ծ͵ͷС̡
С̣ôѹ
Ԩ뿪̨˶֣߰ɡ
ֿߵ˶뿪ˣҲûнӣС̣Ԩһ̤š
һǰһٴζһص˵ɽϡ
ǰѾۼ˲ٸճʿ
ǣȿģǻбһѽض˫
Ƕʦ֣
ʦֵʦִü۵أֻüŪۡ
ʦѾڵͷˡ
Ҷڡ

ɫҴҵǰԼҵɫ԰ףƿ϶شҲҶ˵ǰһ󣬶Ƕ¶һЦ
þòˣֹ
ɫ
ڳ༫ɫ϶Ѻõˡ
òɫ
ֹ
ɫ˵ʲôһӵʱ䵽ˡ
𽥱պϡ
Ťͷš
ųױպϵһ˲أŻһԽӵȺɵֵߣ׼䵽ġ
һ㶡
塭ˣ
ҶɾԭڵλãֱӿˡˣضеĻ壬ٿǵҶɾԭλá
ףô£ãȻػܡʦѵʦ֣ʦ㱧ԼıֺǣΧ˸ʵɫƺ˵˺˰벽
ֻԨԨ뿪ɾűڶɾҪ࣬ȵس
ԨеһпЦˡ
᲻СģԼˡ
ԨǣַֻԨܻ̲סʳԼɻ󣬡ˣҶɾˡ
ԨЦţ岻뿪㣬ɾԼΪ˶ɾ
СԼĶɾ
л˵
~
~


50 
ְС, ǲСˣǿĵأ߬С¶Цա
ڶɾ, СԺǶɾˣǲǾܻصɾȥλã
Ӷɾʿ˵һ, ʦͬ·ڵɽССɽͷϣ˶ӵӲި۾ȥȺоЩϢͬ, Ц֡
뿪˵Ҷɾ, ިΪڻ, ۿɼ, ʿǵġ
ЩҪ˽ϢǮʿ, ȺдȥûһͷصԴеȥ, Ӳ
ȴǳӳһŵҩ
Ȼ֪ԼҴʦ׷ʲô, ǰʦס׼û
ިһһ, ػ, ֲãһ
Сʦãæ

С, תȥʦȺץˡ
ԨתĺԥȺŬֱЩ˵ʿ, ϴקһ

ɫڵ˶ˡ
ڵɱ, ȫ, ɽ̮л̻̣֪δ˳༫
Ԩһ
ɱꡣ
Ҷɾֵˣɱ˶ᱦµøɳˡ
ְЩʿȫקһѻ߰˸ˡ
ص߰ġ
Щʿ˵ǲδʧȥ־æިɣһ
Ϲ˵
ިɵ˻ȥҾϲ޶ëԺҪټ
Щʿ뵽ިǸôԵӣ֮£ֻðϢʯȡƴ˴գȻҲճһǧʯ
ިҲֱӷһǧʯ
ɰʿѪިǲ̫ˣ
ҪǳܣԹԺҷˣͲˡ
ިǿ޶ë
ɹ˻ռˣء
Щʿ˵ãިһǧʯ̵ڡ
ˣһҲƴ˴գҲôʯ
ƷʯĻ
ިһпǲ
Щ鱦ʿһôҲˣǰިˡ
£ި˻㹫ƽСʦõݣһ̧ͷʱбŵС̣̰ݱݡ
Щ˼һֻС̶һݣǻǵС̻κĲǣû֨֡
ɣСô˯ˣ
ֱС̻ڿʦأرôһʣС̵ֽ˽
Ҳ֪ӽڣСһֱ˯ǳģŪʼġ
С˯ࡣ
ֻܸôһ𰸡
ǰһһʮʱ˯߸ʱ
˵˵ֵǵС̵ģС̲ס˻Ρ
С̵ôˡ
Сʦá
ǳڸּüŪۡ
Сʦĺһȥ˳ˣȳʦ㡣ǶǲǺܰǲǸñ佱
סÿʦܾ֡˵ָ
ʦɫճվʦֵ󣬿ʦֺʵһ̣ᣬʦֵ⡣
ǵģŬŴԼʦӵ
ʦһʦ߿ܻ£̾͸ˡǻȥ˵ڣ
˵⻰ʱգգۡ
ڵʦ֣Ҳϵˣ˵ѰɣҲɣ
ǳԼСʦýɾڣŲ̫
ǲ֪ʲô׷Сʦýȥˣ˲¡Ϊ׵Ůʿǽˣ׷СʦõĹϵ
һ֪˳ɺСʦǰйϵ
СʦǰʲôӣЩžչϵˣûɫ
ŮҲǸģ˴ûкɫһվһػȴˡ
ţǳıĽСʦ̤вŶãɾ֮о㶼ǽµʿһɣҲǺġ
߱ڽأǱ߶ʦһֻһСʦýţ̳׷һᡣ
Ů޿ֻЦǰ󷭡
ǳĺò׵ȵŴ󿪣ȷСʦóɹҵ˶ɾţҲɵ˿
СʦǸС̡
ڣ˫üͷ΢һ
ִϵ¶ǻƤţҲټҲǵдˣӵضɾȻȥֵطմ
ѽֱֽͦСţһʦְѵڵ˺ˣ
˫һˣ뵽йؽڡ
ȥģȥģ
գգۣͷʦ֡
Ҫô˵źã
ǳ̾˿֪ⲻˡ
Сʦȥġ赭дؿ˵ѹ֮£˺˱壬õˡ
СʦʱһѪǱۡ
˫Щŭضǳġ
ʲôҲû˵ǳβ
ôҷСʦȥ˵ġ
ŭ˫ЩСʦʱ
Ŷ£͸ҿѹˣҪ𣿡
ָܵʦֵŭ⣬ĺ¡
գۣɵصͷ
ҲϴϾûдʱžȴʦأƤˣһΡǺ۵ġ־ԼǲҪپڶεġ
ۺۣһֻ۵ĺꡣ
ˣСʦúܺãˡ
ި߷ˣȻ˫ѵ⵽ͷСʦáǰ˫ļ
ԼҿjʦܿǸ侲ԳֵӣĴ֮١
ȥôЩҲȲ⼸¶СʦõĴ
ǰ˫ڶʱ۵ѹŵջ𣬳ĵǻŭ⡣
Ӵ
ި°ͣЦЩ
ʲô
˫֪Сʦúܺã˵Ԥڣõˣɾ˳ҵʦ㣬ҵɾ飬š
һжǼ򵥾ģ϶˲١
СС̤вżµô࣬Ʊظ˸ࡣ
Ƕǳ̬ǷСʦϣ޷ܡ
˫ʣǲ˺أûۿޡ
ǳҲȰǰʦҲôףСʦ׿ˣô죿
˫һٿǰСʦȴǵͷĬ
ֻܿķ
죬죬ȴǴԼĽͳһֽݵֵǰ
ֵͷʵʵŶʦѵǼȴŵһϢ
ӣϤζͷܿһֽ
ĵ̧ͷ˫¶һЦ
ллʦ֡
ڶɾôãҲǺƣģԵġ
ʦһìܵĺˡݺҲǵеϲáʱܸǳԡ
˫ֵЦգĬˡ
һǾͺõСѾͷǡС̡
˫߶񣬲ŷһʼڶ
˳̧ȥȴǲԶһһµĿˡаȣΪĪ⣬ǿһ۾ܸоһ֣Σա
ǿĿԵ˲䣬˫ʵʵ֪һɱ⡣
˶ɱġ
ֲǰʦǣָʦָǡ
ʦ֣ǡ
Цʦָǻ¸ʦ֡
˫ôһϣջߣĬؽӹǡ
ʦû˰Ķ
żһ㣬Ҳ޷
ǳҲõһǣҲûԣС֡
ȥһˣôز
̾˿ǣֱС̾𣬾ٵʦֵƤ¡
ʦ֣ҿôˣ
һֻСӣ
ǳĲ˵أȴһިһЦ
ʲôСӣ㣬СʦõСɡ
һ仰ǵʦ͵̧ͷֱۺ𾪡
ֻͣɣܾˡ
ިЦһܾˣ
Сӻˣⶼܾܾ
ǳ°ͣϸС̣壿ôС
ףûʲô⣬겻ȡ
˫ʲôû˵ֻеС̣Ƶջߡ
ɽϵʿѾȥʣµ޼
Ǿżӣеģǳ༫ˡ
༫ӷ׷׵ͷһҿԡ
Ĵ඼ʶ֣֪ǵ裬ڳ༫˸״Ĵڡ
ʮ꣬༫ʮ꣬Ϊ˻иΪ˷
Ԩֱ˿̣ȶ꣬ǣɫǵ߹ѪĿݲݵء
֡
ֻڵСأԨ̧ͷ
Ѿ˹
ި˫ԨĿܵϵѹĬĬֱͦ
Σ𲽽ӽܵľ衣
ϸ۲Ԩɫɲ԰ףǱڼ̨ϵ̫ˡ
õԨ
šԨҲգ˵ѣõˡ
Ҳ˵ѣͻĹλϵļ˿Ѿڶɾںóࡣ
ֻ˵ƽʱһȻǳ˵Ρ
ŶﻹǣһӹС̸ɰͰͻشһ֣Ͳ֪˵ʲôˡ
ڶɾڣԨһĿ꣬뿪˶ɾ
Ǿûйϵ˰ɡ
룬Ҫˡ
СǸҡ
˵ԼĿġ
С岻ɾѹŷȥ꣬ڱջʱСȴıҲ˵һ껹ûй
ˡԭײϵǻˡ
ܾ
Ԩû˵ѡֻ߲ܵõ
Щ᲻ãԨô˵һΪС˶޷ȵ⡣
ҷԨ
ԨС̵ǰһ
С̺񲢲ദĺܺá
ְѻеС̵Ԩӹʱûסʡ
Ԩ𣿡
ͷȴһ𰸡
ԨЦᡣ
С衣
οֻ֡
ֻ
Ǿͺá
ּԨӹС̣С̻ڻ˯У޲
룬֪Ҫòټأ
С̺ûһʽĵ
ԺҲĻЩźɡ
ؿС̡
ԨУĥźۡ
ͦõģȫ̵ᶼС̣ûһۡ
֡
ިʵµòˣ֪༫֣е˽վҲ߲ʵݡ
οСʦ񿴵ˣ˰ɡ
ިгԾġڶɾڼ˵ʱģģŸòǳ༫ɣϵԭܼ򵥣λõˣðŵ˵Ŀԣ׷һСɾС
ķ򣬲κʿΥġ
ҡ׷ȥˣΣõķѵţһ˲䲶׽
˱ҪҪ
ިͦģ𣿶ԣСʦþǸ衣˲ϰߣһҰˡ
Ǹ𰸴Ĩȥ
ȴ룬ǳ༫
ĲҪ׷ɾУȥѰһܲڵĴ𰸡
Сʦöԣֻ
ިЦúܽܣ
ԥһ¡
ǰͬ飬ڵʦʦǡ
Ԩǰͬ顣
ǵһԨıǰͬʳƺ
Ԩ׼ˣͷǸĴʹ
Ȼ룬Ԩ
Ҵʦ㣬Ҷʦ֣ʦ֡
ܵĺܼ򵥡
ȫС̸ǰ˵ʦ㽣жʦµᣬʦֵĲҩö࣬ʦĹƳ档
Сźܶ໰˵ǶԨûС
Ԩһף˵ûС׽Ĵڡ
Ԩިס
ިӡ
ިƤ
߬н
༫ʮˣߣСʦãίУȴ˺Լ
ᱻɱ
ިԳ༫жš
ᱻɱɡ
һʮ˷忪ɽŵģɸ㡣
ިһ㶣ɿ쿴Сʦá
Ϳ˵ިδףͲá
Լǰĳ͡
Ԩֱި
Եа飬л񡣡
˻ԼҲֻިֵĴʦ㣬ðΣȥȵĴʦ㣬۾Ĵʦ㡣
Ż᲻׷
ҲСʱڿިİ
ģ
ިզࡣ콵Ҫˡ
ɵǴʦ㣬ިǿŹ֣ˣԼСʦãֲ˵л
ޣЩ͡ˣСʦڳ༫ܵίô죿
ʦ㻹дʦĵ֪Լͳ༫ȣө֮⣬ҪŵģվСʦõǰõ֪СʦòǰίС̶ˣ˻
ިӲѾ̲סˡ
ô༫ӣĻᱻɱ˰ɣ
Сʦãǧ
ˡ
ڶ˵Ѿ
Ԩ֣ڵһ仰
ȻֿԼʦ㣬ֿԨãȻС
ʦ˵ԼԨ
ǳ༫Ҷʮ뿪༫ż°
Ԩ֣Ĭĳȵס
֪ˡˡ
Ԩ
ֻûסСʣ뿪ˣ
Ԩۣ̻ʦʦᵽĻ
ãʦż¡
ʮ߸¡
Ԩ
ÿһǵáӣжʱȷе֪
Ȼ𾪵ۣԭ
ʮꡭ߸£
뿪ô
Ԩʮꣿ
Ԩ֣֪֪УԼֻ뿪˼¡
ԭֻһˣŷֱʮߡ
ѶϢԭԨʮꡣ
̧ͷԨؿ
£Ԩ¶һǳǳЦݡ
Բʮꡣ
Ԩɫݡ
ԺͲҪˡԨֽһ䣬ûи뿪ҵĴ뿪˺ܾõ顣ȷľ
֡
ԨЩңһȥ
ص༫һΣ༫ǰ᲻һ
ҵ˼һ仰ˡ
ĬƬ̣΢ЦŶԨҡҡͷ

ԨǾʹ˱𣿡
ʹ˱
Ԩ۵ϺѪ˿Щȡ
ʹ˱
Ժ
˵ģһֱһ
Ҳô
Ԩȴ΢΢һЦ۵׵ķᡣ
á
л˵
~
ϼ~
~


51 
ڳʧˡ
˵һҹ֮ȫ, ɽ̮ʿȫʧֻĵɽ, ͸ĵʬ塣
˶˵ǳ༫Ϊ
˵г༫ڵɽϮɱһˡ
Ϣǳ༫ȥġ
Ͼ֪, Ϊĺնµġ
Ҫ˰еעڳ༫Ӳַһϡʲôϳ༫ֺùӳԡ
ֹ뿪ǰʦڽͷϺ, жظ⡣
һ, ɫ㱨ֵĶ
뿪ɽ, ֹһ˾ȥԵ, һ·, ۷
ڴڼ䣬ɫó༫һɵ͵͵ٵ¶Ҫֹ, ʲô, ˭˵˻, Ҫȫ¼㱨
һ, ԨСϣֱ߷һֻС̡
һֵڸɫѾӵֱ, ơ
ۣ۵һƬɺ졣
˺һ, Żָ̬
Щɳơ
û˵, ߵɫȻ֪˵ʲô
϶ҪֹϺ, ظ⡣
ʱ²⣬׼ˣ˵ҪҲǺܿ˸С˽
Ԩͷܹ񲢲̫ãʱʱ̶̿ۡ
̣ʲô̵ġ
ԨɫȻϺСƷһ
ϲֵģˬڡ
ٳ˳ظ⡣
ҲСǵζˡ
ԨǰӺͶظⶼˡ
ɫԶ¼ǰ㱨ϢɫţֱԨ¿ӣŹֵйڴ̽ҷϢ
ȥ
Ԩɫ
ڽɾ֮ǰƷйˣСһƻ궼ղǶй˵ĸأξȥ֣
ѹһѹ
С̡ԨߵС齱ߣС̡һԡ
УСһƻʼ޷λҲ޷ȥ
Ҫ֡
ԨСڣСһ졣
̫ãҪ
Ԩ²ʱ䣬ִѾʦʦҪ뿪ˡ
뿪ȥ

Ԩ£ָۣŶͷһһʹڶɢ
ðѳ༫ƣȥ
*
ʱʦֵĽУǻСϵģûëëҪʱ
˻ȥĶ׼ʱǳϰԼļ
Сʦã
ȴŵŵܵʦ࣬۰ͰͶŴʦ㡣
Ҫȥʦ֣ʦŵһ¾ëë
ިһЩ׼ʦŵĶʰãСʦѾ۰Ͱ͵ˡ
Уصʱࡣ
ި°ͣʲôҴ㣿
һʦͨѧ˸״ʦַɵ̫ˣԴۡ
ިЦһСԴ
ʵʵͷᡣ
ڳʦУֲɲǺ¡
ɲУĶѧѧԶᡣިܲÿҪʦʦְɣ
Ȼǲ⣬иʲôأСʦܶܲ˼Ҹô죿
̴ӽͳԼĶСལݵʦ۸ǰ
ѧʦң
С
ިҪһڴӦ뵽ʲôЦЦһü٬أ˫
˫һ˱Ž£ء
ʦôһУƤɨި
Сʦò»̰ɡ
ʦֽ
ֱԼСལػͷ
żԶĶʦ֣ۿ
ûнǸƢСʦǸѧƨɶῪ
ިؿŻСʦá
Ȼ뵽˴ʦ뿪ʦǰ˵Ҫѧýľ׮Ҫƨɡ
̲סҪ
ʦ㣬СʦáϤ
ǳӧȴިһں󱳡
ûСʦö뿿һδʱǲˣ
ǳǼ⡣ǡʱСʦʱŶվȣëëһСë򡣴˽֡
ǻûбˡ
ިҲǸˣֱһһ˵߾ߡ
ǳСʦжʦ֣ûʲô£Ҳ׷Ŵʦˡ
ټСϣֺֻͶʦˡ
ֽؿŶʦ֡ᰤ
˫ĿŴʦıӰȥͷƺ̾˿
ԼĽ
ƿصԼͽ֮ĻС
һֱͦŶʦ˵
ǽˣ
ܺͽеġѧƾĶΪԼıȻᶮá
ֲǽޣýҲʱ䣬нˣԼĽУѧṵͨúܶࡣ
һزͰΪסˡ
ûǣż˫ԴͷָСѧͽС
˵򵥣ǰֵСལУ۾ȥѰСལ
ִӽȡһؽУٴ˫ȷϣһ᲻ײ
۾ͿˣҪȥѰСལҪԽƬ֡
Ҳǹصģû򣬲źײԴ
ײۡ
˫˵ᡣ
ȻصͷȻᰡһҪСһ㡣
Сལݸʦʱֻ̲ס˳Žһѡ
СལСལǧ㣬һҪ뾡취а
ý۾
۾ʲôҲˡ
վԭأȴŶʦֵָӡ
ˣȥҡ
Զʦ
һ֡
ûС룬ûȫԼıȥСལ
վԭغܾûж
ȥܸо磬ܸоƵ¶ȣҶƮָ⡣
ôСལأСལʲôλã
ֲδçײ߳ȥʼԭأ룬ȥеһС
˫ԼĽڸһľ
ֵһȥ֪ԼСལʱȥֱеһСʱ䣬ѧȷ
վ˰죬ھ죬ſʼ̧߳
ÿһȵúСģǻеţܸоʦ־ڲԶǵϢ
׳ڣһЩŸŽŲȥѰҿзĽϢ
СལǾԴһεġֻҪֱܷҵõ
߳˼ͣ½Ųһ
ôоСལͽǰأ
Ƕʦ˵ˣܿġ
ԥԥأ̽źһʦ֣
˫һ
ֵܽࡣ
ָǰĲ෽𣿡
˫ǰǰŮһĽ۾ۣüëڸС
ССһýиһ롣
£۾졣
ֵ̧֣ĺ⿪˽С
ֳֽɿͬʱ۾һ̣δӦȻĹߣ˫ۡ
۵Ĺձסˡ
ȴʦֵ͸ź졣·£Žӽ͸ĺ졣
ȷܽڵĹˣ˫ɿ֣ĿԵͬʱ鵭˵

ֵעǰСལˡ
Сལͱһϡ
λֻ
ûв´
ֶʱЦ۾¶С
Сġ
˫һһۣջߡ
ø׼ЩĥĹͷˡ
˸֪Сལֻǵһ
ҪСལ֪ɲףӽʮʱ䣬ǿĿɡ
˫˵Ѷ̫ˣɶҲߡ
űӣǿġ
ֻǻеײôģýʱ䲻һѾܲˡ
Ϊˣ˫ֽһظ⡣
Ȼȥʱ˫ѡθǺ
ѡȻȻѡΡ
һֻëëĺꡣ
˫ԴûֻóԼĽָ
СվʦֵĽϣŷѡˡ
СĻܶʦֵļϡΣ⽣̫ˡ
˫ּվȣЩһˤȥ
˫Ӧ죬һץס
̾
ץҡ
־δվ˺󻹲֪ôȥץŶʦ֣֣ȴ޴ֵĸо
˫ٳٵȲСʦõķӦͷˡ
ָָֻԼ

֣̽ûأ˻
ҪǱʦֵо˶Ŷʦ֡
ʦֻ᲻̫ѽ
˼ȥҡС꣬˫ֱϡ
ˣ˻ȥһʱëë
˫˰죬һСź꣬ҲһʱӦ
Ѿֱ׼Ҹλãʱ˫ջߣ⽫еĺ굥ֱڻС
ˡ
ְڶʦֵĻС
ʦʦֻͬ
ȣٶȿ쵽ǰƶرҲûиоԼҪ
ʱ䣬ִֵɽŵʱطΣɵøпԭ֮仹ôĲ𰡡
´οǧʦִˡ
һֺ˫һ¡
صʦʱɽѾʢһһԵС
ֺ˫ûκ˵ע⣬źûһ
ֱֱӻصķ䣬ȴ˫ֱȥʦҽ̵һء
Ӵȥʦƽ
ԭˡֲˡ
ǿŵģһ۾ܿûˡΧ䶼š
ʦ˾ôڻһҲ
ЩãʦڣʦСʦҲûлǴʦʦأҪڼҰɡ
ʵϣʦҲûҵˡ
˫ԴҲûʲô뷨ȥ˳е׼пһǸСʦ׼ġ
ֲزˣʦѾϰЩն죬ӡ
Ŀڵģ˲ûá
ֻߡ
˫ûмȥǰѿȣȥ֡
Ժżȣһֻֻó档
һ࣬Ժó͸Ŷ
ϲСӡ
˫һֱó棬ֱʣᶯ𣿡
֣
룬ơó档
˫俴
ֻżȣЩ
ʦôˣȻ˫û˵ʲôȥ䳡
ּӿмȵٶȣԱѸϴһžСལȥ䳡
Ѿǻƻ֮ʣ䳡ɽӰ֮У˫Ӱڻ谵֮У趯ų
ֿһʦ轣ĲһźԶܸоɱ
ͬ
ֱСལ̾˿ߵ߶ܵ䳡ԱߣСལĻ
һʱʱ
ֱҹĻɽţˣͣ
ͬʱ˫Ҳͣ轣֡
ŽһȦ䳡Χ
Ŀϡ

һ㶣˳ŶʦֵĿⷽȥǿ䳡Զ¹ֻܿһģ
ˣ
־Сལ
˴ʦˣ
Ȼһ̣ǳüﻹֹι˼ʱӡ
ףʦѽ󲻽⣬ʦΪʲôҪϿ
ʦʻأһˡ
ȴԼҴʦި
ި°ͣɸֵص˫
˫ƿĿ⡣
дʦ㣿סˣòϻ˰ɣ
أ˴
ʦ
ૡ
ĩ̾ǵǰһοֵļ
СͽΪʦڻ֪ѧúӡΪʦһǡ
ôһ䣬ΪʲôʦϣЦЩߡ
ллʦЦء
ĩ̾ɸпСͽԡ
ƭ
Ȼֺƭ˫ƭ䶢Լʦ
ʦ˴죬ιӣڣ
ԼҶͽܣĩ̾ЩأǼ⣬ɿһ
ⲻǡòˣΪʦĺϰϰ
ֻδۣԨֱ𼸸ԣʮ߸£Ԩʱûİĸо
ʦֿһ°ɣ
ⶼҪǰϰ
ֺ󣬵ʦϰߡ
˫һ

ֻƭ
˫һŤͷͿСʦһصͷǰ⻰˽ȥˡ
˫ĬĬ뷨
ֻҲƭƭˡ
ިľԼʦܲװ׸һʱ䡣أСʦֻռſС
һιӶ֪һȡ䳡һʱһ佻ûС
ި̲סǲԼˡ
һֿ̣ԼʦܵĿ⣬׷֣Ƭƺʲôջߣ
ިٴε˲ʦһۡ
˫ɵĪҲûʦ㡣
˽Ҳʦûб뷨ֱŽ뿪ˡ
ײιӣֵʦ뿪ҲϽصС
صʦŵĸо֪ôģ־ñطĸо
糿첻ʱſ
ֹűӷ˸

ǲеģҪ
дʦʦŵӣÿ춼첻ץȥɽǻܵأһŲ
ŲʦλãŻᱻɽ
ֻһϴʱ䣬žҪ
Σһ׽һ׽衣
ҹֺ˹űӷ
еۡǲҪ΢һ£
ǷɵĻ᲻иϰ
һһ֡
˵Ļ廹ûйǲûλкܿˣ
ֵײҪôȥȥһʦ
أϴϴʱ򣬺ظоԼƤеۡ
ֱͭ࣬СĨȥһĨѪ֬Щˡ
Ǵ
ʹܿʧȥʦ
ûȥ䳡ΪʦͶʦֶ䳡ġû뵽ߵʱȴַſţСԲˡ
ʦʦ㣬ʦ֣ʦֶڡ
ż߽ȥ
Сͽɡ
ĩ̾°ͣ´ԼСͽܡ
Ϊα⣿
ިֻش
ܳƽ
Ҳ
ĩ̾Ц˻
Сͽ벻ȥһʲôģ
ţ˵ǾǴѽ
ɽ֮ǰ˵š
˵ַԼǲ̫ˡ
ĩ̾Ʈ
ԣǴš
ިֱӴʦĴ
ʲôţСʦãʦƶСšҪʲôûʲô
ʱڵɽԨި˵ĻǴܣֻû֪Ԩŵ֪ǣʦֱˡ
ûǷծ˵ʦлȫʦ´Ҳʮʮʯ
Ʒʯһֶֻյס
СĵؿԼʦԡأ
԰
ĩ̾ЦʣСͽҪҪȥٰ̨׬Ǯ
л˵
һ֡
~
~


52 
ʦȥ̨
ִӦرˬ졣㲻֪ʲô, ʦ˵ˣ̨Ǯġ
ǹʦŸΪȶԼȨķӡ
ڵŸһЩ, ̨Ҫľ֣ҪľǻȨΪ, óٵǮЩӡ
ڹƯˣ˵ʶһЩ޷ʶˡҲǸ衣
ֻֻȥģ˵ӡάһʲˮ׼̫Ҳǿ, ú˳˷ͷ, ص˵Ҳᱻص, Դб
˵, ҲһӵĻᡣ
ŵûȥ
ҪΪ̫, ܲĿҩѹȻȥµӰɡеûûƤˡ
ڽ֣һŵĵ, ά, 涼Ҫ, ⲻȥ׬Ǯ, ̫˵ȥˡ
˽оҲͦáʵսڶɾС
ûôȫС𴸡
ȥ̨, ˼ýĻС𴸰ɣ
ֲȷûй, ܵԼǻýġ
ȷҪȥ̨, ȥ䳡
, ŷӦСûиʦء
Щɡǻ壬ô죿ǴõǮᰡ
Ҫǵȴ̨ʦɡ
ٳǰǳİֽеСԺУ׼õĵҩһƿһƿ
ģоȣԾͶˡ
ֹѪģֹ۵ģǻָ˿ڵġ
ЩǶϻ˸Ͷˡ
ǳȡһСƿ
ԾúǿԼ˵ܴúҲЩ鷳ǱҪҪá
ֽӹϾڶɾʱԹĵҩ
ĺۡ
СʦܻûһһЩҲš
˵ĻԼҲửһЩ
ر𽾰˵һửķġ
ɱ
ԾĿ˵ǻԵġ
ǳĵûţһѷ
޵Ӵƫһ㣬ǼܲסСʦܣҲǸޡ
ִʦװĶǱߴʦָ׼һɴ¡
˵Ʒ£ܻ
ֻûƷµĸ֪ôһСɴ£԰ʮʯȫ⡣
ʦ̽£Сɴ¡
ġ
Сɴ£ǲֱˬ
ɴިСʦõĺ棬͵ƷɴԵֵڵɱСӴĸôӣųнʿ
⣬ɴһ㱣
˼˵ͷ
ԭɴ
С˵ˣǲҲɴ
Сɴ
Դ˺һҡҡͷУ⻭Щ㤡
Ǻģ´СĻɡ
ʿỹµʱ䣬ֱΪ磬ȴʦ˵ʱˣǸóˡ
ֵĽ׼Ķ׼ˣ˵߾ߡ
أһ׳ɫȹڱϱ˸С¨
¨ڶɾʦָģһЩͬڶɾڲɼֲ
ЩóȥǮġ
ǴʦżȻ֪ԭƫԶСطֲõȥᷭļ۸
ͱһ涹ֵһٸʯֵٸʯ
ڹǮʿˣʦ˵ģһǧʯû⡣
ֱ۸ĶԱȸ𾪵ˡ
װС¨
԰һ¨ȫȻ󻻼ʯ
ôһ˳ȥġ
ֱС¨ȥʦ
ĩ̾شԼСͽܡż£ȥɾһȦúõĻ˴ָˡ
СͽһΪʦģʦͬУָ·
ָҪӦһ䣺ʦӳţҲʦͬ𣿡
ĩ̾°ͳɡ
ûеġ
˵ҲȥʲôΣյĵط̨ôרءСԼȥҲһ̡
ֱҲá
ĵӶûʦͬҪʦţ̫ˡ
οҲ¶ʦڵĻʦֵġϾʦֺǿϻԡ
ĩ̾οص˵ͷ
УҲɡ
ֻСͽһҪע⣬Ҫ֪޵ݡΪǳл˵ġ
ĩ̾ƤϵһĨ֬ɫ
Ĵڣܿģǲ׶
ǻǶ˾䣺˻ˣҲ£۸㣬ʹȥǧ˾۸Ǵ򲻹ͽʦʦ 
ĩֵ̧֣̾üĻһָһ㣬ͷ
ֵĶͷһƺɫȥ
ȥɡ
֣Ǳ
ǣʦ
Ҫˣ
ʦּҴȥҴʦ㲻ͬεһ뿪ʦţȥ
С¨ߵɽʱֶʦֱŽɣƺڷ
ֽŲͣ£ʦִǱ
ʦ֣ҳˡ
˫һվֱ壬̧Ҫ֣ȴͷҲѾˡ
ûе
˫΢΢ü֪ô¡
ʦƳ̾Ϣ
СͽҪһ˳ȥ˫׵ˡ
˫ĬƬ̣Įת
ûڵȡ
*
ֵͼ
һʦģհ׵ĲϺ˵أַȥҲ
һǴʦ㻭ģֱøɽΪʶעʲôҩʲôϡޡ
֮һͼȫǮƶѻ
ҪǰĹȾҪڵǡ
һΣߵʿĶУ׼ʯһʿʱŶӵʿͷһۡһûǳƯ
վҪôǸ߽ʿҪôǷˡ
ǣһС¨¨װŵĶѰһЩͽݡ˾ɼǮ֡
ʿŴˣָ
СǱŶӡ
˵Ķܳ켣һӣϳ˶顣
ָҪ˵ԼʿȴսŷѵԶԶˡ
ƯŮֻҪǹĿġ
οʿ뷲˶ĳǡ
˹
ŴˡȥǱߡ
ֿǵȰ˾䣺ȥŶӰɣʱ䡣
գգۣͷŶһ
ȻԹԴʿĶ˳˷˵ĶС
ʿˡ
ֽżŵϵСʯͷһСʿǷѶ
ףǷʯôһ룬ҲʡǮˣ
뵽Լʦڷ˶ȥ
ʿҲûʲôֵýġԼûʱ򣬺úõһ˰ɡ
˷˶󷽡
ǰ˺ܶࡣмĳƺһģһ̴ӵġ
ֺЩмżˡ
峿ǲɹůᣬվһ˸Ƿ
Ȼ˳ǣҪȥһӰɡ
һ붹
ּƻĺܺáԭصȺ˺þãǱʿĶ鶼ˣԭء
˵ĶʱʱǱԹ
ֵŽżǰ
ǰʼûжڳſڣںǰִʲô
ڳܣ
ӿ
˶ѾԹ졣
ʲô˵ǵ˶ˣǽȥ
ǰߵıˣʱ䣡
ǰһСͷžͲǣųţҪѰٻ
ѰһͷҪײ
ֱӱǰļס
󵨣ʲô
Сͷȴ֡
ͷ϶ǹˣȻǹˣͳС϶үҪҸǮǮý˵
ùǺš
ҺҪǮˣѰ򿪼飬㵹ãֱ
Сͷ֣š
ҪҵǮǣ
Ҳˣÿͷֵ֣۾һ˹


ŴӣվʿСʿҪʯġǷˣҿùص˶ûùʯɡ
ֺȻôУ㶡
⻰û
ζûĽǷѡ
ԡ
룬׼ͳʯҪ
ʯҶϡȥƭ˵ģһϡһͷӵʲôǮ
̷Ŵ
ˣӹ飡
˵ʲô
ǿ֤ڸǰӲ˲١ȥקСͷ
ЩҲһͷ
ǸͷȴСŲ֣˭ק
֮еƺˡ
ʿڣæŪʯ
ʯ
۾һǰ
ңʿҿԣ
ˣ㡭Ƿ
ܵԱߣͷ˵ֻðק˰ɣʯһŶ
֮е˸űһ㴹ɴǸǸŮ
ɾһƵ
ĬƬ̣֮е˵ʯһ١
ֵ仰̴ӽͳһŷ
ͷֻһˣҲ֪ΪʲôҪôһֻȡıԵһ
һɷ紵ͷ֣ͣ
ô̰ˣȥ
ֳ̯֣ʯлݹˡ
֮еʼûж
ֵ˺һȲʯˣƻ˻Ρ
лݹˣлݹˣ
ʯ
Ϊʲô
֮е˿ֻ񣬲˹̸һԼҪնġ
ʲô˼
ֵԲۡ
Ҫ
㲻𣿡
ССģЩܡ
ΪԼҪ׬Ǯˣôѽٸʯء
һŷʯ
ʲôû׬
ҧ´һ֪Ҫô졣
֮е˾ȤƬ̡
СŮ޵ͷжϣСճţΪͣӻ
۸˶֪ô
ֵͷ˼һ¡
ʦ˵ϻҪô
۸Ҫȥ
ˣҪʯ
ֹӡ
˺Ǹˡܹƽսġ
һ
˾۸Ҫֵġ
֮еҪ˵ȴŮ֪ӺδȡһֻС롣
Ӳӵġ
ôۡ
룿
С뱻
һ̣ŮжһһѽɫС
ֱС𴸣ȥ
ˣ
һӣʱķѡ
֮еĽ»ӣһʱ죬ֱˤڵء
ƥزȽ˻ΧĻ̴Ӽˣæһصľаڳ
ӣ
ӣû𣿡
ֻ˼ʯôȥԵȷ˵
㲻ֻǿ͸һٸʯˡ
һٸʯİٸʯĳҪء
Сӣ˾ֵУִ
ûˣһѵı䣬ķѣҲӦأһڵϣٵĽӡ
ǽ»ˤ˻һǲ֪СŮ޾ȻƯɰֻԸе͡
˵жϲдһ˳۸ĵͽΪŮô뵽ҪǴͳôһѽӣ촸صġ
ˣʼܡ
ٸʯĳ
ĿǸ»ϡ
ͷϴһڣϲŵҲһ񣬺ֵǮ
Ҫɡ
С𴸳
ֱʱ򣬽»ȴòϣԼۡ
ʲôԸ۸СŮޣǸرСŮޡ
Ư޹̫ƭˡ
ǽ»ۿҪŲ³˶񫣬Ҫˡ
Եȡ
¶Цֵˣ²ǲʯֻٸʯСĿܵҪ׼ʱġ
ͷ˵
˵š˵ˣԼҪնġ
ûնҪˡ
С˵Ųš
Ҫˡ
˵Ļˡ
Ӹʹ˸ɫ
˵̽еı䱧ǰ򿪡
һӵĽӡ
뿴µЩҲ١ôأҲҪʱ䲻ˡ
ֶЩӿһջߡ
ӺֵǮǽôʯҲ֪ԶԽֻǵۣṵ̂
ӿУ˻һ
ⲻð죬ѵÿۣǰСŮǼ˽ƱģΪ֮
ΪʲôҪΪʯ棿
ָʹ˸ɫ
һΣٸʯһ٣ֵǰ
˹ȥ
ٸӲһȥġ
ӺҲҶֻܵꡣ
ûٸ
Ȼ־ԼС𴸡
һ£ŵæ
ⲻҪӳ˰ɣӾҪ
ҲǸأ̺һǧʯ¸׼һǧʯ
ָ˵Լ£ȥʯġ
û뵽ȴ˵һǧʯ
һǧʯѽ
㣬ȥʯ߰ʯѽ
ȻһʼˣǼǮӵʹ졣
Ц̯ơ
лݹˡ
˽һǧʯ׼ף̽ʡ
ӣ֪ӽӲίУ
ίУǺʹʦһģǮ
̵ͷ
ӵġ
ܳˣȻҪίǮġ
ŲһʱһǧʯһֻǮСꡣ
ЦеأʲôίҪ𣿲˵֡
ﻹ˰
Ů޺ĶһһСѾķڷˡ
ܼ򵥡
˵µִԸһʯꣿ
̽ſڡ
һʯٵĻ
۾һЦü䣬֡
ɽ
һʯǧ鷳ֽᡣ
䣬֡
Ƿʯӣ鷳ֽᡣ
л˵
~
ϼ~
~


53 
ַһ, ñ¼
ŵһ죬ǳſһһǧʯŷѼӲŷʯ
ֵī͸ϲ, ̾һ
ʯء
ػɳŵ϶ˣԺǣֻÿʯٲ˵ġ
øŬǮء
ҡҡλε, ͷһԼСӣӳ⿴
ʱѾҪǣҡҡλ, ŵĲϢ, Թ˵ζ, Ҳͼ, ¥ĳ,
·˲ϣܶ඼ŵũ
ƥǲͣ˻һ·, ̲סƿӡ
ǰͷ, ƺҲ޲ߡ
ǸͷӰ˵㰲һ㡣
ǸͷҲ֪ô, ֵĻ, ֻǸоʲôİ
򿴵
ҲһС
ֺͬһȴ־ܾˡ
ܾҲðе롣
, Ӱεһˡ
һۡ
ˣ鲻Ů޵١
ھ￴ſڴ߿ر, ۾ﶼǶЩĺ档Ѿˡ
ֿСӡ
鲻Ͳˡ
, ʲô, ʵֵӵţ
˸
Ƭôݺһ£Ҳͦ۵ġ
ƯСݰ
ǸɫСӡ
е˼
ȥСŮޣҪҪЩʲô
ַֹˣ֮ⶼͦõġûԵġ
˵ն죬С⡣ܿи̴׼˸˽
նƬõģһƬһƬġ
Сⶼеָڴ
ϸˡ
ֳԱ㣬
žίУ׬Ǯͬʱûеʱ䡣
Ҳȥġ
ֻǵ뿪ǣߵʮλãӾͱͣ
һĳ
Сӣˡ
֣ﻹСǣȹ
˵Ҫ˻صİȫ̫á
Ȼ˵صǻڴ·ϣ·ǰһڣεסǵȥ·
˵һֳֳ̽Χ
ϸоһ£ͷ
ǶͨˣҪҳ𣿡
ʦ˵ܶͨ˶ֵġ
Ϊ׵ƿһӡ»ʣСӲԷ˶𣿡
ֵͷԣʿܴ˵ġ
ʦ˵أʲôҲ֪
СǴǮ𣿡
ֻǼ֣ͨˣԼ˾ܴù
Ѱ˺ʿرôܶͨ˶䡣
룬Σգ뱣ң𣿡
־ǿģʹصͷáҲµġ
ֻվǶЩΧ
ݺ̾˿
ⶼʲôСŮޡʲô֪漰ָ⣬Ǻܼ
Ҳûôƭ
Ļ㹻һ·˼ʮֵЩҲ´ࡣ
ҲǵһĿ÷֮䶷
ʿ֮䶷Ҫпöࡣ
Ѫȭȭ⡣
Уй
ַӦ̧ӳһŷ
ס˼ʸȥķ˲ըѿ
°͡
ϲķҲǳ
Ӧ졣
źìܵСʿ
ֻȷû֮ǣܸоЩû̫вҪʵβ룬ͬɢɳ
Ӧúܿͻ
ȻӣһȻϮĴ򶷾ͽˡ
ߵҲЩ
ǺܵԸ·˿ӣ˵Ķȥ
ֿһĻЩĬ
ԤڵĲ̫һ
·в
ʵ֤һʯĲ
뿪죬춼˷һ·϶
ּζ붯֣ţܱеˣǲǾͲˡ
ʱ̼ǵʦģʿܶѰ˳ֵġ
ֻԲϮˣӲ߱С
־ֻһæ赲һЩɱУһЩֶΡԴ
ˣڵִŨ׾ǵʱ򣬹ĻӣѾࡣ
ҹŨ׾ǵĿջϢ߸׼һ䷿ڹĸڣ˵κΣգʱҪȥ
ϴһڴߵСϱغ꣬Լëë
⼸ۡ
ΪʲôҪʿˡ
δô˺޵ˡżʱ䣬ǰϮˣҲмˡ
ִŷ磬ظоЩʲôƮȥˡ
̻ΪΣܷеζ
Ʈ˹ķ䣿
ֶ˵ԼС𴸳ţֱƿ˹ķš
߻ĸӺ
ڵϡ
һİСİ׷ͷڵϣĲӡ
ͨ죬ƴ
һ־Ͳǰͷڻơ
ʿ
ָμس˹һȥ
ǰ׷ͷӦǿ죬һ˹ȥ
濴ţͷ۾һɫۡ
һСޡΪ
Ѱ£
ޱؼһȥ
ʲôѰ󣬸ʲôϵ
ǰ׷ͷüָ⻯צ
һջһ߬С𴸣һش¡
ͷȻ޷㿪һӣֱӱڵϣͬʱӳһŻ棬ͷڻȦ֮С
ɤӿȶȲ
ô죿
ְסˣͷʹ
ɱɱˡ˻֡
ɱˣ
ԥƬ̣ͷιȥһˣڴ⡣
úܼ򵥣Ȼͷʲôˣǵ뿪󣬾ͻᱻͬžɡ
ɱˡ
ְôڴ⣬˻һ
úһСŮޡ
ǰƤ˺ӵ˲Ȱ
ɱܡ
СŮС֣һ̶Ȼ𾴡
Ǹˡ
ֶȥ˿ǷлԹȥļֻǻԣûˡ
ȷһ㣬ֲſΨһһѵˡ
ſϣָԼˮȡ
һô˺ޣôڵģ
ַĵĺ档
һˮҭסǺ
˶ʮ꣬ͷһ˵˺ޡ
Ǹ漣
Сӡ֣СŮ˵ô𣿡
СŮԹԱ졣
˵ˡ
ɤӣǻǵüʱȻǵ﷭ɡǿ϶ҪЩࡣ

һһŰԼĻѡ
ûãɡ
̴ǱѺܵϮһϻ̳Ͽ֣˳ȥ
˶ˣűֱۻͷ֡
СŮҶٿˡû뵽ΪһʯѰϡ
ô˵һǷСŮ޵ġ
ãȻʣѰʲô
ĸлôӲסˡ
ˣЦǰ
ôһСŮޣѰ󶼲֪ô
ЦˣԼǸӣǿģЦǺǵ֡
СŮ
ֵǺΣԴ
ŪĻҪϡͿһ·ļܵȥ
ҲԲһˣֵһˮ
СŮҾͲˣһֱ˵С
죬ǲ˵ǹһֱûʰҪʣ϶˵ġ
ŵӶŽӵǮء
ȻѾ˻⡣
ѰΪǮƣֵһ֯
˼
ˣʦŲࡣ
أôһ㲻̫ʱΧأҲôһЩʶټһЩ߰ԭ˿ңɱҡ
̾һ
ɱҵأմ״ʣ˼ֵʱ˵ȥֻתȦ˼ҳǮ˼ɱҡ
˲ٵǮƣԱԱˣҲ˱Ź񡣡
Ȼĳض˵治˺ޣ̰˷񡣡
ֲˡ
λܺࡣ
̫ӣĸһεĹµĹǻ䵽׷ɱĵز
ôı̫ӻð
СŮ֪Ѱʲôطˣ𣿡
ֵضŹ
ΪʲôҪ£ҼҲడ
ǮģҪָײ
ãˡ˺֣ܶСŮ޿ܵĳôҲû뵽СŮ޺пɱ֯ݺˡ
ݺ˿϶Ѱ԰˹ڴ˺ƤҲ˵ͨ
ǡ
´֡
һֳ׵ĿƯò޹ִ档ƤϻһĨ֬졣
һСŮޣȻɱ֯ġ
˵ǿҲܻȥ
̬˲٣ȭ񣬡ݺСŮôƺ
ʲô˼ţֻԺش𣺡֡
Ȼ֡һξӵ֡
ҲΪλСŮˣʯһʯ
˵Ҳԡ
°͡һʯõݺ
е㲻̫Ű
ʲô
Ҳ˻ȥ
أֱֵĳƺȶ뷨
ǻʲôɻûˡ
СŮ޾ݺɱ֡
¡ȥҲûãݺʲô֪СŮ޲֪Ҫ˶þͻ֪֪ƭ˵Ҫ

ȴСŮ޵ķӦ
Ŷһվ
˯ºҡ
ĿСŮôĮ뿪
뿪֮ٴ˼
֪Ѱ󣬿˵ݺİ
ǲ֪˵ʲôǿϡ
һλȥ˯˸Ⱦ
ֻǲ֪Ϊʲô컹ûţ˵Ҫ뿪
룬ѵѰ˼ɱ
ֻ˴Ӻ±ȣ
ȥ·˵Ƿƽ˾˵ǣɽ
Уܸоʼɱ
ûͣû˰·Ǿ˵Щ˲붯֡
룬ߵǰһߣóᡣ
ӡ
СŮкָ̣
оõɱ𣿡
ʵʵ˵ʵʱأʱ޿̡
־ЩѰѽ
Ҫôܱǰĵùأ
룬ָָͷ
Ҫﱣɡ
Ϊıͬһ̵ͷСŮ롣
ֶһ㣬һԾˡ
ڳվſ˿Χ
ˮɽЩɱ⣬һ
ڳ˸λ
ֻһС룬
紵ѪϢ
ְڳϣ˺һҲûеȵ
ɻصͷ
Ѿһ΢ؿųϵ֡
𣿡
룬ЩԥҲ
̫ðɡûԱ֮ģһС©ʲôڵģҪɸӣ
һľܾ֮⣬ֻ˵Ҳ롣
û˻һƬɱУ˱¶ġ
ݺɱ֡
еʵơ
ܲ
ϡ
һ·˺ܾá
ѾϰΧʱʱ̿۵ɱϰ֮󣬻ĳɹ̫˯
ûκڵůأ
˸
ȽЩɱͺúһëëɡ
־ţЩܸö˰ɡ˺üˡ
ȻȵִһǳأЩɱʼΧƣʼûж֡
ѵðһ·̡
ԼϰߣȻʧڿջ¥
Ȼô첻ᱻ׷ɱʱ
˵ȻݺɱЩ˲ˣ
һĻһǶ֣ؾͲʲôѰˡ
ʿĻߵĻʲôá
һݺɱ֡
ͦԥģŵ˽ֱζԡ
İȫҲǸ⡣
ȥҹùһȥӳԡ
СɱֵҲܾ϶ֻô򵥣СŮ
߳ջԶִǸֱ̯λһ֣
ȻһֽȫڻУؿŶֵ
ҪԼ򡣡
һֱһͭǮء
СŮֶã赲ʱνӢˡ
˵
ֲ⣬˰ã͵ԣҲͦ
ԾͰֽݸ
һ̣齵Ŀջȼһ
Ƥǰը
ֱⱬըˣɴۣż֮ңĿջŨŨ̡
ôĻ
ջ𣿡ֽŵ
ôĻ𣬻˵ģ
ȾܣˮȻᣬ
ҪȾˣ
СŮ𼱡Ҳ׷ˣջûˣ
ûǵˡ
ֻǼھȻôĻ̫ˡ
ѸٵִջſڣС׳ջƷһ£ķѣ׶ӵðһ
ƽŨģǺ
֮Уһϸ촽Ůؿڻ߳Ů󣬻вǱԵĺˣˣ˴˲߳
Ůؿڣǹһ˿Ѫݺݶ֡
һȴΪ׾ǵ󣬻ˣһѡ
Ȼв𣿡
˲ҺεȻһСѾͷŪ֮ˡ
ҳǿԣɡ
Ȼǰ˵ĲѺãֶԿˣеøеء
¶һЦЦԡ
Щߵ˵ҽ֣лл佱
л˵
ϲ佱С
~
~


54 
ֱôһ, Ҳ˺ܶ࣬˻׼ȥջ￴ˡ
ϸŮĨȥǵѪ, һֱ֡Ȼȴûκӡ
ǰŮҪô˼Ҫô, ǳé®
ôܡ
ۼֳŮӾһ߬һѶС
ʲô
ֽͣͣǰŮ, ôһɱġ
˶ɱ, Ҫǿ̫̫ðɡԾһ, Ůӵһ˹ȥ
˵׷ȥ
Ȼݺɱ, ɱ֮С
ŮӼ¶, ֻĿŮ󣬴ҡڵ߽ջ
Ůҧ, оԼܵ˲С衣
Ȼ, Ůɱʵ, ֻܺ޺޵һ̧֣ߣ
Щ˺ܿȥ
ֻصջ, ˿̵ĿջΪһһױ׶, Ѿˡ
һü٣ҡҡ׹
ջڵ, Ϊʱ仹, ڷ, ϵ¥˶¥ʧǴӵð׶Щ˶ʧĴŴ޺žͲˡ
˵ùƹĶڹ̨˵⣬ջķ˲ûʲô
ֻǵ֮֡
Ǯûţ˵ջǮƹ¸һ¥
ˣ֪ǰ˵ΣԣƹĻˡ
Ȳѣֻǰ·
ֵǸо֮ǰһ·ϵɱ˵ɱŮɢϢͦơ
ֱſţסˡȵȣŮӸòɱ˰ɣ
ΪʲôҪأ
Ŷ
һˡ
ˣ[׷ضʱڲˡ
ϣֳСӣֱֿеĽζ
СŮŵ˰ɡ
[ҲѰһݷôãĿĿ϶һУȡȻû뵽ָ״Ĳ֣¶٣ɷˣò޹
[϶ʲƱػٴġ
СӺͭ[һ֣֪ݺѰĲˡ
ȥСŮ׼Щǡ
۲ôãֱϲÿֻǸǣġ
֮ҲֻЩСʳ
ֵõһǡ
ϲϲȡһź̵ġ
ϹһȦ
е;õġ
ȻҪôͺˡ
ϣε̾
һ죬Ǳ˰·أ岻֣߶Ƿˡ
ľӳһȦһ³ˡ
ǰЩӵ̫ƽ·˾ͷÿһ춼µս
֪䣬ٵûмˡ
ҲģˣѾӵǳſڵͷָ
⻹ִһౣ¡
ˣǻ
ƿӿһۣ˿ߵһɽ֮УɽߴӣԼڵģССɽУ޹⡣
ͷסزȽ˻겻
ϸϸ·һ࣬ɽ֣ղĵطЩڵġƺСڴڣž붼ҶO@
ſȥһ棬ûʲôͬ˼û˵Ϣ
ֲδκɱܾһ·ЩﾾţЩʲôΣա
û˵Ϣػȷ˺üΣȷûеġ֮ǰ׷һ·ɱǽȻͬġ
ϡָоտܲôȵġ
ͷɽ֮һ룬ƥͲǰˡ
ǰĻҲʲôŵΧҲֵ
Ѿ׼ˡһȫˣԣ֧ˡ
ŷ֣̫ΧһȦȴȾһɫƶҲǻɵġ
Ҳ֪ǲĴܾƲĻ䡣
ƿƴ֡
СŮСŮ
ֿ˹ȥ
˵ǲЩ֮󣿡
һ·ЩΣѾֵģ֮ǰδϡ
Ҳ֪ʲôǴֻ֮ʵʵ˵е㲻̫
˵ǲ̫ϲĸо
еζѹ֡
СŮǸްɣҪһЩҪСŮ˲ң뻹бֶΡ
֣Ǯ⡣
ֻڽͳһЩ
˵ҪǮģôأ
ְѷݹȥʱ㿴ЩҶʯ
ӹֽһķзл
һƷʣҲͽʿܻóġ
˹ۣ֣̽ЩĻҸСŮǧʯɺã
ǧʯ̵ͷã
鸴ӡȻʯûʲôһʯȥŷǧʯƺҲûзʲôԡ
ⲻǵһγӵİɣ
ְѷ˹ȥǵһεĽѵҪǮ
ҲǷֵǮˣ̽һӴݸ֡
һʯ͵ҰʣĳͶȸˡ
ֽӹһʯЦۡ
һǧŰپʮĸʯҲʱʯء
˵䣬յƲ𽥴ɽӶ¡ССɽ֮Уܿ챻ǡ
½ߣֶǰˡ
б䡣
ʯ̴ӽͳһŷ
һҡҡλΣŨ任
Ȼʼոɽϣδɢ
̫԰΢΢ü޷ɢ
Ȼô̶̵ʱڣ˲ٲҽ
Լ֮ӿѪ
̳ԼСལڻţ·

СŮ
ڿУ
ٴӳһ㣬˳ŷŻеȥ
ȻϮʸ
һŤض㿪Щʸ
ôһ󣬹ԽԽԶ
ҧء˼һǧʯģԲù¡
ٴ׳С룬Сص
»Ʒ
һεķ̺Ũһ£ɳ쫷Ϯ
ɢȥ
ſ壬ԭĳֻһˣȫڵϣķѣУһסĲӣڳһɽȥ
ҧֻˡ
һλƷ쫷磬ŷնϡ
ԶˣСལϰεĻӽƣɻӳһ
Ľֱֱײһնϡ
ðֺر⿪űذУ׹䣬ͷصԴзˤ¡

ָһ㣬쫷֮ס
ֻǺرŲЩôݺˤ±˵ȥ˰ҲΪ
Ĳӱյϣ˵ɤӺպմ
Ǹεؿ
û
ػ˻֡ôֱʣͻȻϮܱסͲˡ
Ҳò˵ոСŮŷ׷ʱ쪣١
ڶûͣ
δϢãսʮˡ
ʿ
Ϊ׵ģȻǭ[
[ŶУЦЩջ
ֱƻҵĺ£СѾͷ
ַǸˡǣǸ˰ɣ
ҪɱˣǾǺʯȥˡ
ضŮӣ˵ǻˣƻҵĺ¡
Ǯôء
ôķ˻
ǻˡ
[Цһˣǿۡ˭ܻùߵˣ
̿Ĺ
صһۡ
ôһ仰ͱ˰ɣ
ǻ𣿡ԥ£˳
ǮǸ˵ĻҲⲻȥġ
ֻ֮ǰ˵Ǹ˼Ǹĵù
δôֱ׵⡣
סˡ
Լǻ𣿺ʹ֮ȫ㲻ϰɡǵСʲôء
СŮǸܲˣǸ˵Ĳԣ˭Ҳ֪ʲô뷨
СʱҸ˵ҺڵؽСҶ۸һ顣
ǣҲû캦СŮҲ㻵𣿡
Щ㶡磬СЩûУҲ֪ôǶԵĻǴġ
һˣҲȥɡ
ôţֶһ䣺ǧƭŶ
ĬƬ̧̣ͷЦЦ
һԭͦ򵥵ģȥ
ԥţʲô˻ǻûף
ֲ⣬֪һ£˻͵˸ȥһǲǻˡ
ǵĻһ١ǵĻǾûˡ
ֻѡСལǰ
[Ҳû뵽Լôһ䣬ǰСŮ޶ҡˡҲ֪̫滹ΣȻĻΪôһ仰ҡ
߬СལضŶˡ
[ֳֶУ[̧֣лӳһ⡣
ֳֽȴδýһֱջһ
[ŷǰǸޡ
һ޶ôˣ
ֱӷϮ
߬Ž룬ԼǲҲýһΣ
ȻǱܵķӦ죬轣ֻɣȴһֵһƵǭ[ãá
δ˻˫ޣûջô죡
ֻôһ̽[֪ǰСŮ޾ǺöԸġδԸַ˫޵ˣæңҲԼơ
ֵֵغܿ죬ɶԷ˺ܶࡣŮ˺һ̧һ£ʮһ
ʿ
Щŵġ
ûкʮ˴ܡҪô
뵽ԼʦĶ˵ӽͳƿ
һӯԾһԺʦֵô¶ġ
󿪵ҩöڿС
ˡ̸ԼһżзȺʿ
[г޷·ϣûдɤӶڽɱжǳȥġ
ܵ㹻죬ȴҲ뿪һƬܡ
˼ȦȷѾƬɽ꣬ͣ
Ǻܵÿ죬мзЩ׷϶½زϷˣ˺öȦ
[׷ޣͣ½ŲЦôˣ
ֻش𣺡ˡ
ѾóȥˣЩҲڵһˡ
ǲǻҪһʱ䣿
Сལ
Ǿ͵ϰɡ
󲻶㲻ӭ˭[ĶС
ײ˲ǵ㣬һ˿
˶Ա˴һ֪
ȷǰ˸ûдʦʦǾûʲôµˡ
[ȴɻ
⽣ôôӲнҪǰýꡣ
[֮ٴηӳͬʱֳһѶУѸϮ
ּ۲ɼٶһԾ㿪ǶС
ˣͷ˿иˣһƷ˿ء
ؿԼëëڵϣ̧ͷŭʮضǭ[
̫ˣȻԼͷϡ
һãͰͷҲϡ
[ζֵһ֪ӦѸ٣ķӦΪҲ͡
һΰ½[ͳһ̵ѣߴ졣
áһЦһСŮҪܰɡ[ǽˡ
˶£ֿܵõˡ
Ŷһù
̸ֻס
˵ãһ˵[ʹɱ
ֱӳϮ
͵һֱܶ
ֶػֵ̧ס˭[ĶС
СѾͷǮô
[ŭ˵ҪûһǧƷʯͱˡ
һ㶣Ʒʯ
ʯƷ
һʯ̲סһ䣬Ʒʯʯ𣿡
ǭ[ЩˣжղסŪؿ֡
һʯһʯֵֻһƷʯļۡ
㲻ң㲻֪ɣ
ҲԼòСལˡ
׷ɱˣõһǧƷʯõģһ
һǧ
˱ŰپʮŸƷʯ
ǱӴܵḶ́ʻ֪Ҫ⣬ҧأ
СŮҸһ򡭡Ʒʯ
ʯʯģҪ
еСལٴˡ
ͺãǶ˵ʮ
ڴ˿̣ٴϮ
ֹ˲úͭ[ţ˵ߣر
һƷʯ
һʯһƷʯһƷʯڡʯ
ָоԼһʯɽ
һʯɽֻͷ񣬶ȵġ
һҪ
֮УȻʮˡ
[ôС¶㲻𣿡
һڱ֮г֡
ֲϲָоǰˡ
[ЦҪæͰɱץǸСѾͷ
Ǳ¶ΣǸӡ
ֳһޣĵһ޻ӳק㿪
ڵԭأѾһӳ˾޴һӡ
˻һ
ôص
ҪǴϣ۰ɡ
ϲۡ
ֻǰԱȭ[öԸ
ζܱ½صλá
ǱջֱֻƵòòǱӴܡ
ûдñӵˣý϶аɣСҲУֽǺȫ
ʲôʲô
ˣ
ֻŶϽáڴڼģץӴܡ
ǻӵ˻δץôץģıˡ
ӵôܣ
ͷҲصؼܡ
ŲǺӣǺꡣ
ֻǱô׷ǱӴܣ֣Ҳˡ
֣Ҫֲ巽ˡ
أо߳һӰ
еǱ
ɳƵ𽥿
ֽһ١
֮еӰѾߵǰһߣ޳
Ӻ赲ȥ·ʶǳ֡
һǡҰǶɱ⡣
ǣ
룬ֻǰ˶ûκвӽͳǡ
ֻˣ𣿡
ߵӾ֣ӹǣŽ
ġ
ЦЦ㡣
Լ
л˵
ˣ
ϼ~
~


55 
ǡ
ζԵͬ
ﳢΥζ, ̧֮䣬һȺţһֻ԰׵Ѫɫƿšһɫĸϸ˳
߶֮, ״Ϲŵһöɫëζϡϸϸ
ֿ꿡а, һ˫ɫӡİǲ֪ΪΣϤС
߳Ǵߵվ
Ȼҷҳ
ͷ, ׵ĺһ, ࡣ
ߵ俴
֪Ҫȥʲô
, , ô᲻֪ء
һ, ζؿ֣Цضգգۡ
˭áҾ㡣
˵֮䣬ǻűӵϮ, ϸ˸Ƿӭȥ
ֻּһ, , Ѫ
Ѿͷ˦ˡ
ϸ, ˿ֶѪεδ
ĻɢҲܿ, ɽ֮У׷Щ, ˿̶ˡ
˵ǲ, ˵, һѪҲκεӰ
Ѫһء
ֺ̧ͷ
һػֽɡͷڵһпܳۻࡣ
ߵ˾վ࣬Ϣ޲
̧ͷǸˡ
һǡ
ûʲôһֻѪֺܵ쵽ǰ
аԵĿͷ׹ǵĺ嶣塣
Ҳɾ
˵ֱ׳
գۣЩ̫ϰŨѪ
һŨѪȣİæ
ִӽһСӣС
ϴ˺üΣŸɾɫӲѪȾ죬ӣˮϴøɾٴθøɾ
ִָ⵽󣬶ɾһȾ
ֱضָֹ˹
ҲҪԡ
һ㶣˺һŷӦ˵Ӧǡ
ֽҲָ
ҧǣԸԵأֱüͷֱӽȥ
˵ѪɢȥֽɡҲûԼĽУֶˡ
ɽ֮һɫľһǵѪ
ɢһأƥܾ֮ܵҲۼּһЩ̴ӣҲû˺
һվšҿǰߵˣǻаԵ꣬ΣոС
һǣɱѰ۶Աˡ
˴ͷβûпһۣȫ̵עСϡ
ȷֳĬ̾˿
һ·ߵĻһֱڼ٣ڣȻһʣ
ʲô
һ̧ͷϻź߹ؿ
ýˣ˳Ľë
һ˫Ưӡ˺ͨ͸
ִŵһɡԨڤĹ¼š
վֱ壬΢΢˺˰벽ҡͷ
ײʶʲôû˵
굹ҲãЦеش
˵Ǻ棬ӣҲ˵ǣǵļ顣
ûȥˡ
˵ͳɳƵ𽥿
̧Ǵߵһ̧һŤǰ
Ϊˬغһ
Ҫҵʱҷҳòˣͼߡ
ôôԼ
ߵ˺ؽֱϡ
޵˲䱻룬ֻüһҽ
졣
δ䣬ֱʧ
ֿɵۡ
ʲôôܰ˺ȻץֺȻߣ
ɵضǴߵˡ
˭ΪʲôһǾԸԼ
˼ȥЩ̫òİˡֻ˵ոǸ˽ʲô
ߵ˵
˼һƲлꡣҽɿܣټ
˼ִ㵵صԲۡһʱ뵽ľȻС֡Ȼ֮⡣ѹֵʱʦ㼸ҲСԼˡ
Ȼֺ塣ǣ꣬ȻҲͬǣ
Ҳ޷󣬸ոǸһǵ꣬Ȼ˼ˡ
ǰ΢΢ƣ֣źץˡˣеԨе
ܣ
ʡ
Щİ
źССŲֵ󣬵ܾǰ˵һƻһһΪ˵־ΪԼʹ
ӵпܵˣǳ֮Ϊʦ
ֻߣʦ
ߵһ΢΢ס
ûһʦ
ģܣδӴҸոǸȻǿܣһ¡
ֻһܾȻôǿʦָж
۾һգգˡߣΪʲôأ
ջԼĿܺȭ򦣬һ
ƺЩʣѪУƫͷƿȡ
ִӽз˵ĵҩֵ̧ݸ
㡭𣿡
Сʡ֪ΪΣ˸ʵǿģܸоЩδ
˽ӹ˵ҩ̵һЩˡ
ֲ׷ˣ˵ľˣܻЩʲôȥء
ָָԼҽ֣лæ
һǣһλʦ֣֮佫ȫ붼벻ġ
˳ĬƬ̣ǣԼ
ܾһǾܻصĸְæְɡϾ洦Сĵطǡ
ǳˣ뿪༫ʱṳֱ̂˳źС
ԥ£ʲôûʡ
Ҳ־Ͱء
̧ͷȥѾʶһ֡
ֿͿضǿʦ˵Ƕлˡ
øϽ뿪ȵִһУҪ취Ūеûֻܿߵˡ
˼󲻽ĽŲʼոš
ֽͣͣͷ
ߵʼձ岽ľ룬
ͷС˵ˣ
ʦȴɸţظǣԼ
ʲô˼ǣְæ
һԥ£СʣԼ˵֮Լ𣿡
ʦ΢΢ס
ԡ
һ˻һѹһǾæһǣǰСŮȥˡ
ֻ̫⣺ʲô˼
ʦؿشһһֱ㡣ǡһ꣬ɿܡ
һ⣬Ҳ̸ϷŭЩЦġûˡ
㲻ġҲûиԭֻǶױ˲ô˵ҵҲ̫˰ɡ
Ҳҵġ
ʦµʼע
ʱ㽫ҵߡĪҪմˡ
ҡͷҪ겻Ҫʱ⻰š
ʲôŵġʦԵһ֮ǰҵܺ𣿡
ܾЩ⡣
ΪʲôꡣҪʲô
Ҳ¿ԿһҡʦƺЦֻЦǳ˵Ȥġ
ܾǰĿʦϣĹ¼ţֻ˵Ǽİ
ĻĿڶĸо
ֵˣŶŬҡҡͷԼ˼ߡ
ʦ߼͸
ôҲϲ߰
תһ룬˰ˣҪʱһ־͸֪һûˡ
ΨһӵеС壬Ľ˯ء
һ뿪ɽ꣬˽ʮ·ŵִ︽һС
УʦŰ׵׽ɫߣţһ£ȴ̶һġ
ҲֿЩܵö࣬ЩСǱ⣬ûֵĵط
ǵִСʱѾҪӽҹɫ
æũũԶԶֹˣأźԶǡ
ЩǺ棬Щ߹СĽ֮Žա
Сһ֣ͷһþ޴ĻһЩСݣŵƣһ·ûڽͷһˡ
һ·ͣ½Ų
ûջ𣿡
ֻͷ
뻹ЩԶǺǰţܲǿʦߣ˽Ųڿʦ󼸲ŸоԼܴ
ƿʦǰ
СһûпջвݿԽޡ
˵ǽޣһȦҲûһ˼ҿŵġ
ҹ˳֮СҼһĵƻţȴ˵ͯ
һȦ߻·ԵĴ£ͷô
˯ϣ
ֿЩԥһǽʳӻź׵Ҳ֪ܲܽ˯ϡ
ҡ
ֿԶĿʦ
ҹ֮УֲŷֿʦϵѲīɫ°׵ףȫּ
Ƿ䡣
¹ҫ£ܿЩּ
ǵõֵߣʦ˹
˯ϣ
һֱֵ뷨
ûбĵط˯ѽ
ֽ͵˺ϲˣǿŵġ
Ҳá
ʦܿӦ¡
ʣһˡ̾˿ģҲ˯ϰɣ
ǿֺǿʦһȷӣҲֻÿӡ
˯˯¡
һðϵĴŴ֦ѾɢôһƬ
˲˯ϣ˯ڷ֦ϣȫû⡣
ԷˮһڣܿҺһ֦ȥȻһ£ţ֦˯ź
ǲϰߣִӽͳ˼СӣиСͷֱݸͿʦ
û뵽Լ䵽Ҫ˯УõһСӣܳӹ̵ллСŮ
һƺ˿ʦע⡣ʦûнӹСӣһ˫ֱ
ɶܲסѹ̽СӾٹͷװ
ˣԼſֻˡ
ʦջߣѾСӰԼ࣬ۿҶ֮еļ϶
ǵ㣬ǹ֮УһһҶڵ
ǼõľϡϢҲõҶ
ָоһϣ˳ƿȥȴȿϣͷĿʦ
գգۣ֪ΪʲôڿʦЩ˯ˡԱС
Уǹ·ڸǣֻ¹ڵϡ
Щشſʦ
δߵˣҲûмʦûΪһǣȵõһʦ档
˵һֱֱꡣ
ʵûк仰ͦ˵ġ
˵ֻˣûˡС̣Ԩȥˡ
ϥǣ΢΢̾Ϣ
Ҳ֪СûУ֪
£˯ţ
ʦҹԵøͳҲɳơɳƲ˵Щץ
Ҳ˯ţ˵˵
һû˵Сǵ£ͷϥǣ
˵ʲôҾһֵˡ
ʦûзֵһۡ
˵ֻк顣
Ŀܡ˼𣿡
ԡʦ赭дꡣ
ꡭַ㶣ǿһʱ䡣
Ƴɿܣ
꿴ųȫһܲٿصĿܡ
ʦƺڻ䡣
Ҳʱ򣿡
һ㶣һҲ˵ǰλʦҲϡ
϶
ѹֻҪһܾͿôɵĻЩˡ
ҲС˵Ҳ¼šͳΪ˿ܣпʦһ·ţ꣬ʵҲʱ飬ûзֱĻ˵κ˵鶼Ҫá
ЩĽġȻţˣͰѻ彻ʦɿܰɡ˵˺˵
ʦƺЦҹ£ϸ΢Ц·޵ᡣ
Ҳδء
ôֻƵ̲꣬סһ䣬˵ܣ
ᵽ֣ЩŤСδйû뵽˼û뵽Ȼ
ʱĿ
ôģͲ󣬺Ҳ࣬һ١ѽ
ֵǾЩϧġ꿴ʮ꣬һʵȺעĿ֮ӣȴֻһ߿ܡ
ʦ˳Ĭͷһź𽥽ıԵɣ֮еĹâ¹⣬Լһ
ǻشֵĺ⡣
ͺ޷ԵȡİС˵һɳڡ˵̫ˡ
ʵϣʱֻʮꡭʮꣿҼǲ̫ˣʮɡֻʮꡣ
ôġ
ʦЦ
˵̰֮£ԼĸС
ʲô𣿡ʦؿ֡
Ƭ̣ʣժߡ
ŶʦЩЦ⣬ҵò
ǵġҡҡͷҲ֪Ϊʲô̧ĿڣЩؿֻǾţѹ
Ϊѹ𣿡
ʦֵĻ¹⽫ϸϸƬ̺ûжܣֵķϣժһƬҶ
Ϊˡ
޷⣬ԼУǸĸУô˵ǸأЩС
ʦᣬ˼꣬㡣
л˵
ң˭
~


56 
ʵĺ, ʲôأһ˶򲻹С꣬Ҫʦæ
ֻЩź, źôʻ޵꣬Ȼˡ
ͷϥ̾
ʦҹ˷, 紵òҶζżҶͷ
Сϡ
˯ɡ

ֺϲԨܾǰЩġֻͬ˵ķʽҲͬԨ˲ġֻ˵ǰϢ
˯, , Ժһ䡣
ǿʦ, ʲô
ʦҹ, ԴЦ޲ͬ, Ҳ
˯ţԭԢⲻãܴڡ
Ѿˡ
֪ûһ, , Ҷ, һͺȤ
˯ϰ, Ǵһܣдģܿ͹С˯˹ȥ
ֻ˯ˡϵ, ڱﲻԲﲻڡֻΪСŮǿʦĶԻ, û뵽˺һֻСŮ˵, 
һ¡ʦ, ˡ
ԳĿʦϣաͱһڸǣұĺ⣬Զѻ¸ţһȻֹ

ʦջߡ
˼һж޹ء
һ˯ûͦáֻ峿ǱѵģǱĺ޸ѡ
ǿҶ쳹СϿա
͵һͷϵıӻýأʦ֦˶ת˲˿ĵ峿΢£ұЩ͡
ˣ
ֱűЩŵ˿ޡ
˵ǿޣȫ޷˵ıʹ
û˵һһ˫أҲ֪ձģһҹû˯ġ
СŮˡ޵̫ˣͷš
˵껰;ͷƤһ飬ȥȴǴߵĿʦڿë
Σյˡ
ַأССͷҵȹ
ֿҲ﷢ţδҵĿ
˳ȥңԼСϷλá˿̽ͷ˲ˣģһ˵ģӵӡͬǣÿ϶ǳݣռѹ֡
Щ˷ǳŶϷȥġ
ͷŶϷաкЩֵζ
ӡ
Ҫȥ߰ɡ
ʦվֵ
ֻعȥ
ЩɡС޵ġ˵ǵ˯һϣҲʱ뿪ˡǿЩġ
֮䣬̲סſʦ
ʦƺгɡ
ȥ
ֱ£գգۡ
Ҳ֪òȥ˿ޣǷ˺ѹ顣һˣȥ˼ҵ¡
ȥҡҡͷ˸һ㣬߰ɡ
ССӣȥϴһϴȻ
һ˲߳ӵ·һСֶͣСˮ׼ϴûһ󳳳µأҵĽŲԽԽ
һͷﲻ˾ۼһмΧһԼʮӣӱһѽȴһȺŭһ·ĬƵõײײ
ŶҪֻ˼Ѿͷ͸棬Զ
˵ôʲôã϶ˣãҼҴ
Щǽޣÿһ϶ǱߣЩģһľıʹţʬ⣬ֻΧǽޡ
ܿ죬ǳӵţһ۾ͿСϪߵǡ
ҲǣͬǣȿǸޡ
޳ĬرЩߣأ̧ͷ֡·ӥƵģֱ
ֻʪģǶϽ޵ߣͷһ̲סһ¡
޵񡭡еֲ
ֻôһ˲䣬־͸о޵ˡС̧ͷȴǿʦǰֻܿʦ°īɫķ
ǽ޵ֻǶݵͣôƬ̡Χ˺ܿͲɫ䲻õΧ
ˣϴģ
׷䲻ƣһˣĿϡ
վ˦˦ϵˮϵ˺װ
Цع˹֣ɤӵˣɬغܡ
ǲ·˵ޡҲδŹκһңϽһҹ
ǰ׷˸ŹȾҪ
ϣ˭ͬ˾
˭ûţÿ죬ûšбһɽҰͷùȴʱ
˵úӶһ˭ôߣ
⻰ֱͷͨ죬ڵ˺ü¡
ǴѣǣҲ
ɲǸһָող˵ôǼ˭Դ𣿡
Щ˿ⲻѺáһʮĺƿ˳
ˣʲô
һһȥĲǵˡǺʵһ۷ԼļȥˣΣ
ܾ˵е㲻̫Ȼر˷ܵһ֡
һƽкá
ЩϾɨֱӳ˹
СŮ
һʱ䱧ͷ֡
ְĪǶͨˡ棬ôܶѽ
ϵҲ˲ǽˣ׷һ·
򲻹ʿԼôֱڣֻʩչʲôɨģбⵣ޴ǱЩΧŴܡ
˵˻𣿱˱ˣ
ԴУа취ܰǣ˵ҲܾȻ
źؾŲ̫ԣضЩûΧˣЩɣҲ͸¶ϲ
Ե棿
浱棡ǱĨһָָ֡λСŮʿ֡ʲôѲ
ԥԥ˵ǺģʲôѲģ£ûз
ʵҲǲ԰æ
λ̫ȥʦֺֻһһ£˵λǿʦ˵ˣܰѻץܡǲǺܺã
ʦûǷֵһСϲ
Ϊ佱
ʦЦЦ
ΧľǶܻɵҴֺͿʦ
ʦһɨϾžǸصĴڣֿСƯ棬˵СŮûôһСŮޣĿԣ
ûƭǣ
ƭλСŮһһʯġ
дʣǿҪǺãٴңҾ֣ʱһˣ
һ̲סǻҲԷ˶ֵġðỹð
ֲô˵Щ˻Űɣ˵仰Щղˡ
һԷ˶֡Ǹʿûˡ
ܲܰǣ
Сﻹɨûм׷ˣȴҲΧǲá
Ǹʮĺ´ǣʣ˵ҪǣʳԣΣ
˵ǸǮ͵ǰæ˴Լڣ˭Υ
˵úֱ
̲סһۡɼǵʼˣʯ
ǸԼ𣿿źܲ
ЩСˣҲ׼ߣһΧǻصϡ
Ψϳǽޣ˼ðײˣиϵΧȹŮָҲشʬף棡
ǽ޳Ĭذðײ˰ǿͷűӵӵˣ֡
ջߣĬ뿪С
һ˱Χţ˵Ǻ涢ǣ˵һֿصֶΡֱǶһټԺɢȥ
ԺеԼĪʮˡ
Сʿ֪ʲôҹ˵ģ
ֱ̯ӣʵȫϤĻ⣬ӲͷƤ֧֧᣺⡭ʲôأ
ҹ^
ʦ󣬵Ȼ¶°׶ɢ
仰˯ϵʱ򣬺ɫЩ̫ԡǵʱδ⡣˵ǻнҹ^Ĺ
ɵЩܣǲҹû˯ŵĻҲܡ
ꡣҪ롣
ʦĶҹ^ܿüĴڡ
һ㶣̧ſʦ
ѾǵڶˡܶԼʲô
ҹ^
Сǲδ㿴ҿ㡣
û˵ʲôҹ^ǲҲ֪
ҹ^ˣ¹ͷ𣿡ǲΡΡİ׷ĨʣܵøҼŮһʬǰɡ
ҲܣĲ֪Ǳܵȥʦ
ᡣ
ʦյֵͼ͵ҹ^Ե˻ꡣһֶҹ^Ĺ
ʦ˵գ̧һСա
ҹ^
ܣ׷үӹһƣҹ^ֻģǰ
ֲ˾졣
ʿޣɾ
ԵĲ˵ɾԴͰҹûнӴˡ
ҲѲ˸ϵ
ǰ׷ͷӶݺݵ˵Ȣһޣ
һһ˵
һ㶡
ޣ
ȢһҲôˣã
ֲ֨ˡΪһһʿȢһ޵ԡ
룬޺޳ԭͲͬ⣬Ҳûбʲôͬɡ
͵ˣ˵ף꺺Ӵӿʦеõҹ^𰸣ȻǴ˵ģǶ˵ζһݣҲվ͡
˵˻ϵܷȼҵĶӣʮ걻ѡţʿϸǮƣչһˡϵĹϵҲܺá
ʮǰһŮӻص˵ӡŮӻһŮӤﻹиӡ
˶ȼҵϱչмӣ˼꣬ȼϱһŮŮСҲ
ֱһǰС˸ʿ˵·ޡżȻȼϱĿ֮°ν˶ŭҪʿʿȴָȼϱ˵֪ʲôѪٸһֻѪİá
ʱ˲֪ȼҵϱǸӾ
ʿ˵Ϊ˵ȾСҪааĻҪȼŮ
һʼ˶ţϱŮδôԵģץʮȼŮȥʿ
ȼûԵˣŮקܣȴסȥ·
ʿȼҴŮ
ʱʲôˡˣŮ֪·ʿߣŮʴʿҪһʯŮΪ˶㣬صɽû˺ۼʣһСŮûҲӵߡ
ŵ֪ȢһŮޣֱӽٻر̢£ӵгϡ
һҹ֮䣬ʲôûˡ
ҲǴһСҹеԽĲãǰ£ֻҪеͻ죬ͻһ˼
ֻʣһѪѣʬǡ
Ǻ˵ȼϱ赭д˵ǵĽʹļ׵ģջ
ϧ޹ˣͲϧȼŮ
ΪܱɱŮ˿͵Ĵڡ
ǵ֪֪ԼЩʲô
ҧ´Ӷ̲ס΢΢
ù֣Ǹʿù֡СϵҲù֡
ǡʱͲ˻Լ𣿡
Ǻƿߡ
˶ˣָ֡
δôһ𰸡
̲סһ⣺ˡΪʲôôã
ʿϣߺ޹أǺأŮһˣһߣһˡ̣
Ǻ˵ֻ֪ŮŮ͵ǵġ
ֱ׳
ֶĵĹǺתߡ
ʲôʦ˵ǵ
һתʦ͸ߡ
أСŮҧŴתߣЦǺǸȥ
⳾£ɲֹôһ
ôһߣЩСе˾ͻˡ
ʲô˼˵Ҫ𣿡
ӦǵңǶԲסˡ
Ц˹֣أһԶ֮ͽ
ЩôϷŹܰǵˣŽֵΧס
ֱӴӽȡһŷ
֣߻
쫷һ㣬ŷ绹ץ
ʦڿƽأ
Щֻȥˣ޴
Ҳֻͳһ·
С־ƮƮء
ɿץӡ
ͷ
С֮Уǿò
һĵط
ֱ߳һءСıʯһѽĽվǶ
Ĭؿһ߽
ֿ˽ޣһ١
ɵöǰͬ顣Ҳһ΢ͬС
ȢޣǰɣҲͬˡ
죬ǲ֪˵ʲô

˵ģȴǽޡ
û뵽޾Ȼϳ
Ƥϵ֬ɫ
СѪҲûʲôѽ
ԣǡֳϵغܿ졣
Ȼܲܰһæ
ɬҡҲŮˡ
Ůǰ汻۸
ܰ𣿡
л˵
ʦƤ
ϼ~


57 
ͷЩɬ, ǵһһޣΪҪ顣
޷ܾ
á
ûκγ, ҲԸһŮ
մӦˣſʦδػڴͣҿҪ, 㡭뿪𣿡
ʦܾغܸɴࡣ
Ҹ㡣
ôֲоóʦġ֪ҹ^ҲڣװҵŮ
СŮ¶, ǵڰ͵
һ仰Ҫ¡
һ, ԼҲҪڵִ, Ҫȥ̨ġ
֪Ҳһ
һ仰һ, ʦͷ˿˺ʵҪȥ̨𣿡
ԡֱԲ, ˵ٰ̨ܶǮ
⣬ʦҲЦֻЩε߬ԼĽ
Ǹ, ҿܡûʲô
һ֪, æ֡
ҲҪǮ˵, ֻ㡣
뵽, һӾһʿɻ飬Ϊڳ, һͨͨϱŮ˸Ŀ, ֻΪԼİˡȴ˵ȺԼ, Ů
ʿԥƬ, ֵָָͷ
ǲ⣬ҿͷΪꡣ
ЦЩЩѹ
ڼУŮͷġ˶˵ͷĺáұǰó
ƺ뵽ʲô˾䣺ͷҲġ
֪ǸĽǸϧ
ӵҸļҡȻǻᰮӣɰŮ
һСŮٻΪ˱ҪЮĴڣΪŮ
á
ָմӦʦ֪뵽ʲô˵ͷı£Ůò
˲ֺ֪Ϳʦ֮Ĺϵ²˵ҵĴŮλСУǸӡ
СѣһٶŶ
ͣҴ֪˵Ҳһң¶ǵ
˼ص˵ͷô˵Ļʦе̡
㡭ָ뺰Ȼסˣǰ˵ԼŮʮӣֱӺ
ƺľѣǳԺһ塣
尡ֵҲܵúܿ죬һ䣺塣
˵ҰŮҪôң
˱Žҡҡͷ
ҴŮ˴ߣ˵ϢͷһЩСŮǱͳȥģϢֻҪ˿֪
ѵҶŮһܵɽʧұеɽûҵ
ѵҹ^ȥ𣿡
ҹ^˳˼ҹ^ܿüģֻһε˲ſü
ȴ뵽ʲôȥʦʦڷ
ô֪ΪһΣΪҲһΣ
ֵĿ˿ʦע⣬ʦջȴ˵һ޹ؽҪĻ
Ҳܻͷ
ЩҵͷҰ᣿
ܾ̾ˣҡͷҪ
ϰԼᡣ
ڳ༫ͷֻԨʦţʦżᰴһÿķ١ǸʱС٣һϵ򵥵
ʦûǿźһ
ôһҹ^ʱ¡ָһ顣
űϻʱѾ˺ö⡣
ҹ±ɺɫҹͻȥһֻᷢΣѮ³ѮգѮա·չɣǰҹض
ͺڤڤ֮˻ǵ
ûбӴǲϢһҹˣջˡ
Լ
ʦ꣬͸˵
Ѷ޸˴˴֡
ֲ⣬ϸϸͣ˼д˵ϵ˻ΪƷҹ^
ҹ^⣬ҪĶΪҹ^ֻʳ֮˵Ļ꣬ʳ˻ꡣ
ֵһ󱳺ë̲סͷԶС֦ҶïĴ£оСһ
üͷţ֪˼ʲô
ϵˣմ״ʣ벻ʲô˻ô񶾣Ͼȥÿһˣϵ
ʦĮɨˣδǵȴе˼
ֵȷҲ˼˼ģŮİȫ
Ҳ˵ϵ˺㶼ϵȴûбŮУŮҲ䱻𣿡
üû˭һôĶ⡣
ԣЩɬҡͷ
˭ǡ󲿷ˡ
޷ܵʵʮʹദһңҲûȥʬףûΪ˵һ仰
һʱ˵ҵŮĸҲϲǵĴڡ
ҧŴԼ˼ҲˡΪʲôˣ˳ȥҾСû뵽һΪ
عǣʦΪˣſڡ
ĿֻŮ޹ء
˾һ꣬γ֪ĬĬͷ
ֻһҵŮҲں
ͼˡ
ʦ°ͣ˭ߵСŮץ̿ʳ䡣
ȴҡͷʿܡ
ʿܣʦƺЦɳƵ޾ɷӱɱ㲻Է˶֣Ůѭ浸ص󣬵õʲô
⻰˵۵׷죬߬Ž
⻰ŴģĴקקʦ䡣
קһºԼסˡ
ףͿʦҲʶôֱֵģ
Ȼ׽˵Ը񰡣
ǿʦ·קһ£֪뷨ٳˡ
Ļ˸ȥˡ
ԳЦЦ
ҵĴ
Ҳš
γ˽кէ
δ˺ǵ£ظ»Ľ
ŽŷСߡ
ֻǵʦĶ૵޷У
֡ʦЩ£СҪ
˵ıӰǶġУȡŮ١ڿʦĵ㲦£γʽԿˡ
̾˿ϣõϢף
ãȻ̧ͷſʦ
֪ҽʲôѽ
ڸռʱ˵һԼ֡ڼȫ̺СŮҲܼǵסѽ
ʦƺôһ˲ĽӲ·뵽ʲôε˵˵ġ
ȻֻʦֵʱЩϤġ
ҲûôϤ
СĽ籮˺һȵˡ
һŽմѪһС˹
ϵѪһ·ɷأźԶľ붼ܸܵ
ףǰˣĽҲźǿĽ⡣
һĽޣȴЩϵķ˸赽ء
õˡ
Ž߽ɫЩ
ʵ𣿡

˳ЦЦ
ʵˡ
ԭԼûȡŮϢǵ֪ʿɶԷ˳֣ǴһȥҪӵı
ÿԼŮ٣ᱻЩ˴ֱشϣ깻ֻи⹻ˣܵõŮϢ
Ҳһֱôġ
ֱա糿ţƳһʱŽȥ
ЩΪҶֱ֣Ľүӵļǡ
ǿſʼţ֣̿¡·ֱһ̲ǰһӣǺ֮ʿ
ֻҪԸ⣬ɱǣɱһֻϡ
ھʵǰκС˼޷ʩչЩ˻θˣֻܲΡΡʲô˵ʲô
ĴŮ͸ʿʿԳϲ˵Ϸ˽ˡһѽʹõһֵӡ
СŮ˕F˵һʿǸʿ޷˵ֻ֪ߵŮӣûʲô·ġ
˱󲻵Ϣ˽չ¶Լıһ̣Щʲô˵ʲô˵ޱϸ
̫ˣȥŮɣ
ҲΪеˣǱҲֹֻڴˡ
ŭȼţյվȡԼŮϢȴ޷ˡ
ǣǣͷæ
û⣡˵ɡ
˵ҴŮ٣ֻһǳжϡŮټСŮĻ֪ڕFǡ
ֻڵĵطҿܲô״ȥҪϡ
һڴӦã㡣
ŮĿǰҵһŮ٣ҲȰСŮȻȥŮ
ĺܺãҲ°;Ų
ãڕFǻЩҵô¶ޡ
ʦȫûֻǶ˵ĽһۣջߣĬĬֵĽߡ
˵ȥFǣ̳
˻ͷĵط
ΪĲ̣𣿡
Щԥ˺ܶ඼ܻҲȫǻˣ޹˱ǣеȷΡ
ҪȵĻűˣ
ֻڿأǱѾ˽ʣԳЦ
ȣûô
ѾʧȥһУϵȲҵŮǵĿ
𽣵һ̣ͲɷĽޣһס
ΪŮǵĸףԲԭЩ˵Ϊ
˿
һ뿪Сȫ˴·˵ǰF㲻ԶԼʮ
ŷֲһ׵׵ķˣλߵؿʦıܸҪ࿴һۡ
Ҳ͵£ֻһ
˱ŴһֻǸк־ͱʦеһԡ
ϲ𣿡
ԥԥأʦľãͶʦֵĻҲ㡣
ҪԼûѧᡣ
һ㡣
Ҵһġ
ʦ˵գ̧ٻһš
ŤϵźĸŹǷ߳
ڷʦûпĿֱ֣Цֱ֣׳أǡ
ѽ
ִӽøǡ
겻ϲȴ޷ϲζüȥ
ֻôһĨ
ͷָϵʣ𣿡
ֱʻĸŪЦˡ
ЦЦԼ
ֻһΣһӶûУʱһ죬ʣûС
ʵϣֻˡ
ҹܾã޷˾޵Ȼȥ
ˡҲƭ
ζؿߵĿʦ
Ц쵽ֵǰ
ҲˡͬƵ˵˵Ҫֱסûʱȥ㡣ɷֱԺʱҶ㡣ʲôֻˡ
ֱֱŨҵиסˡ
ɵ룬첻𣿶Ƿֿʱûаɣûаɣ
һܣʲôأ
ȡ
ʦ·ɤӲʣһ
꽾°ͣɨʦЦһ
µġ
ʦɳɤӣв
ü˵֪ܲ
ҲЩ棺ʲôѽ
˵̫ĻΪңҵ鶼
ǵض֣ûʲô˼ģҿԴɵġ
֣ҡͷЦ÷壬һܿ֡
л˵
xxxxĴڿ
~
~


58 
ᵽһβҪ, Ҫŷ磬Ҳܷҡֱϵĸо
ţڿɴ, ֿ
ʮľֻգ֮䡣
걧˕Fǵĳϣ֦ͷЦ
Цһ㣺𣿡
ֵһ, ȻûʲôȤġ
ϣȤʣôɣ
ܼ򵥡С
ϻͷԵͷĽס
˵װвͬӣЬǳŶ, ļɴڵġ֮ʱ, ǡǡ¶һСϸĽ, 𪵽ûѪɫ, 洹ź塣
ʲô, 뵽ʦеĻǰʮ꣬, ĸ, ʡֻǿö
㲻𣿡
, ֵָ°һ, ûзӦջ֣ҧָͷЦ
Һͬ, ңҶ㡣
Щǵ
Լ°, ܾǰ΢Υ͡, ֱκ˶ֱͺϤ, ȴİ
Ҳһıˡ
·һŻ棬Ŭ
ͿʦǽȻ෴Ĵڡ
ôһ룬г˺ţߵĿʦȻ̧ͣĵطϣҲûκ⣬ֱһ֧ϡ
ļһˣ㻹𣿡
Ц֣𣿡
Ŀɨʦ֪ļһ˭ˡ
ֵĿʦͿܡ
·𿴲ϿʦʦԿƺЩС
ֳɵҡҡͷ
ʦʲôҲûʣ·֮Ļⲻ棬վϣ紵ĵ°ζ
ֺ뵽ԼʲôˡɻڣѾִϿգڵأ
һ£뷨ңȰ°ɡ
FǵĹغǲ࣬һʿҪǷѣڷ˶ʱּüŪۣҲȥϾֿͺǸСԣʡʡ
ֳţʦĽ̵ܵŶӣȻͷ
󣬴ҡڸ
ϲʯ𣿡˵Ϊʲôһ
δ䣬·˵ɨʦڵλá
ʲôֻǰһ䣬͵ʦŶϲҲϲ
׬ʯʦŵŷ磬һҪúġ
˵ʱЦһǵؿֵļԣָָʦ
𣿡
᣿˳ָȥߵĿʦʿһС
̫ˣȫ޷һ
ҡҡͷ
Ȼֻʶһ죬ǿʦĸоļȡ
һϲǵˣҲûɡ
СЦţЦﶼΣգ˵òã
ֱ֮жԵĹϵŪˡǿôԼĿʦôĵ⣿
Ϊʲô
ֲ⣬
ͷ͸ĳ£ұΣա
Ϊֻ۵ˡ򴽣ֻ֪Ǹ޼£Ӧҵġ
ǲ֪Ϊʲôǰһƫִķ辢
ǡûΣոУ
Щɻָоǳڱ˵ϣͺһ亹˰ɡ
޷֮ġ
·֪˵ʲôʦĿʼֵϣڵȴı任ȻֻȵһεǳЦ
ֵǡ
ֻôһ仰ͻعͷȥȴŶǡ
ǹֵģᡣ
ϵЦ⣬ĿӰһԱ߶ĿʦһİһȫעһģĿת
FǺȥͦƣͬľǳбҪЩ
ķʿܶࡣ
ڳſһ£ǵڳǽ£ȿʦ˽󣬲ʸô졣
˱ŽӢ϶ǿɬ
ȥҡһԽʿڕF˵Ǻ
ҪʿȻҪʿ֡
FǴСﶼʿĺܺҡȥ·һйµˣʣ˳ɾͻᱻ³¡ʦͿ̫ܶˣߵˣ꣬ǹĿĴڡ
ֵǺʣǿץţָָ
˵ˣĨһȥˡ
ǱһǶûŮȥۣ뿪һӣŽ߻Ǿۼ
ֻڿıЩ΢ڿ˵ʱ
߬˽ʳϢУѾһжϣ֪ǾԲһˡ
ʵ𣿡ֽŵʡ
ʵˡԽʵЩ
Ħ°ͣһɨˣջߣôʡ
һרšHط˵Ĺӡ
ֻרŶʱͱһ˫סˡ
ͷߵĶ䣬ƵĵȴС
С
գգۣ˵С
ֵǲųƺǰСֻԨżôҲЩ
ǿʦʱͷ΢΢һ
Ϥ
ƺϤ
ãȻ룬֮ǰҲйƵסĶ䣬˵
˺ѾϢ
ԽǸʿΪȽϵͣСųֽŲɾȥġͿʿݣڸطƭСŮӣСкŪ֣һȥ
СŮˣѵ÷ģСܻоȡ
˳ĬƬ̡
ʮʮһꡣ
뿪ʱСŮʮ꣬ͷСժûŮǵͷϣԶϲһǰЩ
ʱ򣬿һ˵ļУֻ͸͸ήͷ
鲻̫ã̫Щˡ
ʮ껹㰲ȫ̫Сˣʮһֵ꣬طȥûľ͸ſһĻʲô˼˵Ĵڡ
Ҳµõ
ʮĽޣ߬Žʧվȣض̴١
ֵһ˻Դʦ˳ɿ֡
˺̸ܶݣϽߴŮ֪𣿡
ЩСۿʦ֪λʦǲһЩġ
ͺ˵ܱתˣڻȷȥһҡ
С
һ˳õǰ˽ߵһլԺ
լԺϺܴˡ
ִӽзȥ
õзȥؿ
ѧ˺öࡣ
ƺڵ˵ʲô۵
Ǹ׵ķˣܲ£ֻͷѷ硣ֶ˼ŷԷһ
ĸԾǽͷլԺоͷѰ
ȻΪһˡ
ſʦǿܡ
ˣʦ·ֻͥΧһɫû̧ȥ
֣ϲ𣿡
ûѽһֱڳ༫ȥɽǶֻɽСۡʦŲŲһ꣬˵ˣҲͼһСǡ
Ц˵ҳԿ岻һ
ҲЩ档ǱȺǣǽšӦˣҪŮġ
⻧˼ŮûתǸͦҵġ
լԺ䲻٣һЩʹźš
ҡڴЩƤ߹ȥûκ˲
ʮӣǿյġ
˵ǰסĺۼǷжûˡ
һҾһʱ
լԺֺͷʱɫ̫á
Ѿ֡
˵ŮڴլԺС
ʱЧǼȥͷһȳȥͷپǼңΡ
ֻǵԾǽͷʱΧֻлζ֦ڵλãһˡ
»ˡ
òҲŮĹŪ˰ɣ
ֻԭһȦû
Ūˣ
ߵǰ˴
ʲôҪЦŵģЦЩ
ּת
ҳӵĵһһƷʯ
Ҫģ˹һƷʯûʦʦ㣬˵һն쿾С
𰸣Ц
аɡһƷʯֵǮ
ָָլԺץȥˡ
һ㶣֪
ȴ۾գһֱָſʦģҸ֪ˡ
ʦôһָӭɻߡ
ֻ̾ܳϡ
ˣ£ܿҵ
Щ֣ۡ˶֡
ϢʧͲ
ֹӵſʦ
ôһƷʯץ߶ġ
ע½ȥլ
ܻŮһһƷʯ
ٴθ
ͷ˲䣬ֻۼ⣬ʦͿͬʱͷ۵еٲ뻳С
һĶֺ
˲δԵĿʦ֪Ƿˡĸ֪ʦͿ֮䣬һ˵ͬ
լѾ·ơ
ƻ赽һ룬봦봦ů
֮ǰѾҹеķ䣬ûҵŮҲûץǾ˵լԺǰô
룬ûҵĵط
ų˺öطüͷˡôҲأ
ʦʼոֱʱź֡
ϲôҲˣʱĺᡣ
Ǳ˷ϵں
˳̧
Ҳȥҵ¡ʦ۾ĵطȥѰ

գգۣ˳ӿʦĽ̵ӽȡС룬˲£һ
۸ܡ
УѪаҲп
˵ɵ˵ǿץңǻ
ۡ
۵ǻδɢϲ
ҵˣ
˳ķ˳ŷеָȷլһԺ䡣
ǰ·˽ŵȶǽߣ߬Žһһɿ߬
ϣϾҵСԶˡ
˴ѾߵլԺĺǺλãʼڲ
ֿǰ֡
һ磬΢
󷨡ҧأǵȥһޡ
Ѿ̧ڻˡ
һԡ
Сǻ󷨣ܰ綼򿪣ĽӦҲԡһ԰ɡ
Ķɣʧ
ǰǰڷͰո׵ĺһСլԺ
Ժǰ߲ͬźӣ·𱻴ĥƵģ⻬Ӱ
߹ݵһ·ţܿԺ֮д򿪵崦䡣
ÿһ䷿жˡ
СŮӣùڵϿޡſţǱſڵ֣ʲôáֻжܾȡ
ҵĿ˷
мһҲǴŵġ
һϣ㾫񣬻ڴǷ
˺ܿ췢˴롣
ʿӦ
˭
վǶѾγԼĽ
ὣһԾ
ֶ˵ҲóԼСལ
СŮ
֣ǱŵģֺͦǵأǴңұ𰡣
ѾȥӦ
ʿΪߣСལӦԡ
⻹˾һκ˶
ȳ֮ƿ
ֺѽ赲ʮˡ赲һһƽ
ʦͿͬؿ֣ȫעŽ衣
ʱЩ˶ܡһǱӴܡ
ִ߬Сལ룬ԭġ
˿Ͻ˵ȥһŮ
ȥ⿪ӡ
СŮ˲򵥡⿪ʱ˵ͽʿνôͽʿһӿرյĺӣ㲻𣿡
֪
ˡ
һҲǣˣ˭ء
ֽ⿪͸ϽȥæЩСŮ
еķŶǴ򿪵ģԽˣԽŮ
ÿһ䶼ĸŮͬסˣȴ޵Ǳ
㣬Ⱦҡ
ҪҺۡ
СŮ󶼲ż꣬ʮͷӡҲѹ
ŮǶ˳ԺŶʮŮӡ
Žȥҡ
ԶԶˡ
Զǰɡ
ÿһ飬ڼ
Ѿˡ
ãȻͣʱСʡ
Ů
۵׷ź졣
еķУǲżʮŮӣһʹĿź
ʹ
Զأ
ǡǱ˼ҵŮ
Ů
ǱĨһֻûҵŮ
Ĭؿˡ
˵ϸ磬ûбİ취ˣֻȥܽ¥һҡŮڡ
ܽ¥Ҫȥɲףӡ
ʦƺʲôǰҲΣյ߶
Ȼڶ㵽ֵŲ˵仰
ϸ磬ʵڲУװŮ۴һԡ
л˵
~
ϼ~
~


59 
⻰˵, ҿֵԤУƤ, дʡ
Ȼô죬ܽ¥˭ܽȥġģҺͿʦ, ˣϸһͲѰֵˣСŮܲȥ¥Ӱɡ
ʦԴóַ𣿡ܽ¥˹й, ߵŮ, ׮׮һ, β֪ʲôط
ֵطֶۻ, ôȥ
ʦ, ֪ǵСŮСŮѰ˸סġ
ЦǳǳҪ, ʱ䲻, ϸҵСѾͷ, Ȳá
˭Ҳ֪˵СŮʲôʱȥġ˭Ҳ֪ȥó˻Ρ
˳Ĭ˺ܾ, ȴҡҡͷ
ҼŮŮֹҲǱ˼ҵŮô̫ðˡ
ֱ, ʦȥҲİΣ, ȡ
ֻæŮһ
ǻбõķ𣿡
ʦɴȫɱ, Ůӡ
˺ˡ
ȫɱˡ
λʦˡҲ֪γƺ, Ը˵ҵϣòҪմȾοɱˣҼŮУָ˭ȥѯ䣿
Ҳŵͷ
ȫɱ̫ȡˡֶԨʲôǲء
򵥡Ц˵Һȥ
Ůܵó˫ɶԡ
ʦԳĬˣҲ֪Ƕʲô뷨
ȴ֣ʦ˵ĿܣλСҲСŮҲ˻иӦá
ʦڿϡĮջߡȴûз
ͬ˼
²˳٣͸׼ǰܽ¥ˡ
ԽլۡзԼ飬һģӡŮɣ͵ˣܽ¥밢ϡӻЩǮ
ôһԼģӣҲ֪ôܽ¥ˡ
ڴ֮ǰˣһ
ֺ棬˵˵ڕFһݼҵݼҵȽϺһ¡
Цø⻵۸¶ĸвܸŮ
ԼڕFǵļҵ
æԽ飬̾ǰһӵĵطһլլ£ġ
ֵ˱뵽Сøʰһ
ȻЩǱǱŮĽǶп꣬һѣŶ˲ұoҲ
ֱѾ쵽һУǶ׼һϴɾĴֲȹѣһΧͷûôе⣬ֻҪѽзֲͺá
ʱѾһǱСһƶСˡ
ָһ㣬С֡
ԼСе㲻̫ӣҪҲС뻻ģɡ
˵ɾ͸ɣ˼ŵҩˣҩɫĨСϡС뼸òƽָͿĨ
ʱӲӵСһҲС롣
ˣСֵܾ͵Ļɫ䲻֪ôһڻܿȱǡ
С֣ϽϾռҪˡ
ķŴ򿪣ͬһֲѡ
ɾǴֲѣҲ걾ķɫԼھ޵ò
һ˫ɫӣűʲô䱦̧ʱǺɫӸⴿ⡣
߹ʱַϵĺ廹ڣһһΣӯš
ҲֵܺĴ磬Χת˸Ȧ
ȻߴСҲɫ
ŶһͷӽͳС𴸡
ҲŪɻɫ𡭡û˵꣬գգۣͷС𴸡
ɽ֮УֻССལС𴸵ʱûпɣ
ô֪
ԥһ£˻Сӣô֪С𴸡
治ɫЦҾ֪ʲô֪
Щ˵ֻĵˡ
˵ǿܣͬҲɡ
һС𴸸ͿĨˡ
ţɫС룬ɫСӣһֲȹ˵ȥɻûΥ͡
ƺܺڵӣ߿ұ߿Χת˳ӡ
Ƶġ
ֵΪ˷ݣ˺á
̵ͷָԼ˺ơ
Ȼõأֱֵһ𣬸߸˵ظ˵һˡ
һһʲôõģɻûסЦˡ
еСΪҲеˡ
ֺżСװһЩСʯӡ
ʦûпڸŰͥԺλãǡ
Ƭ̣Ҳʰˡ
˱ʾͺܷϣֻҪĽͺܷŮĸݡ
ԡ£һĽۣͷڣҡֽȣﻹб׷ĻǱģָֺռʱǸݻģغˡ
󣬸߰˸ѾӣǺƺƵĴų
СŮ
Լĵ̣ҲˣЦغ˵ʰǾȥҳӰɡܽ¥㶯֣κ⳥
־ϲĲƴ֣ЦҲ
û⣡
¶ŵġרŽһΡ
˵ǣүʿҵŮ˼ұƵԼĽһծöŮѺ
ʿ֪֪ܽ¥иֺչ˼ҵŮܽ¥Լĺӡ
û棬ְŶ˷ܣýζر
СŮ¶÷ֿͿСȥ֮أټװȥܽ¥Ҳ˳ЩûмƵŮӡ֮ͷκϢǶŹ
˵һ䡣
ϸ磬Ůʲôʲôģܸøǰɡ
˵ԶԶúЩ񣬵һ˫öԡ
һ뵽С;Ÿס
ϾСӺܿɰģҲһСúܺá
ûǸʿ˵ӦһҸСӾɡ
ּ
һ¡
ͿȥʿʦʦˣСŮĿС費ݣ
ʦ߽
Ů´ֲȹҲò档
ֵ̧֣ͣƬ̣ջ֡
ֺ̧
б仯
ԼУֵòﶼûб䣬ȴﶼˡ
崿ɰƯɣȴԭ˾޵ò
ҹĻѾ١
ϵƻͨ
Խܽ¥ߣԽǺӲ࣬Ŵеĸ¥ȴڵ
ֻ·ŵСɣǵװͷΡ
ֿһۣ־˹ȥֱһɫַϡ
ͷһ
ѹϲǡ
û̧ŷϵһˣѾͭǮɡ
ˣȻз˪ȴЩӢģֻһ˫Ůںÿ˻ȥ²Ӿж
һڡߵĿ쵽ܽ¥ǰ̧ŵĻһ·ӴӵţƺƵǰ
ֻǵԼݣ˵ˣŮҪ
Ҳ˸Ƿ˹
ҿ˵ļ米㹻ټҹӰİڵסˡ
ҡӣüӵЦš
ӴǴܣ
˽һΧס
ִıͷȥǲģò˵ȷ˽Լֻʡ
˲֪ǲ뵽ԼŮ߬ֻ̧Ů
鶢ʲô
ǷծǮ쾭¡ҡ˽̧һЩӸ´š
˻ǸˣЩˣ˵ʵҲҿ
СŮͺÿˡ
ֲȹӣɫģСҲɰͷʱ۾Щ棬Щͬ
˵СŮ϶ͬļı
Ǯһ㡣
ҡЦǺǵһԼĽˣûϢֵز㻹ʲôŪǮ
Ӷָ·ˡֻҪŮӣӣǷծһʹΣ
˴Ѱ֮أҹ䣬˷˿̲˶Χţָָ֣㡣
СѾͷǲ
ͦÿģ¥͸ˡ
ЩǿǧϹ˵ŭλʦˣ³ɾ޷ˡ
С̧ҹ֮еĸ¥ˡ
ǲɫߵ¸¥עŴ˴ı仯
Ȼ֪Ǽٵģһ뵽Լʲôûˣܵء
ҼŮɿɰСҲǽģź˵Ļơ
ôһ·ߡӾ͸˵ˣŮǱܽ¥ʱû·ȥ̣䵽˭Уҵġ
·һѡ
Ҳ˴˼Χ۵ԽԽࡣԱߵܽ¥ͷŴ˴
ͷ
˺ööࡣҲ֪ôһܲ˳
еŵģϾû¡һ
һָֺؿСһ
ģġ
ڰ
ֵĽŻıôľûˡ
˵õѣ֪ڡ
ͷֺͿꡣ
ڿеŮ
߰ɡ
ֵͷҪȥܽ¥ˣҪҵŮˡ
ϣһ˳
˷·Ǳôһѣһ˫ŮƿΧˣܽ¥ǰ
ܽ¥˵ܽ¥̻֮У¥ɫǳȻյƣ¥û֮Ȼǵĵｻ̸һŷȤ֮ء
ſҲŪøɸɾֻԲѾߴ룬ЦӭĿˡ
ִֺܽ¥ſڣԲѾ߹˹֡
˵иĵȼ˼ҵŮ𣿡
ԲѾֻЦؿˣ
˻û˵С˵ġ
˴˵ĻԶӦò׷ݡ
ǵĺȫ
ԲѾ߻ʣǸ˴
νӹЩִ٣졭Ǹˡ
ԲѾȻˣɨֺ꣬̽Աߵ˵䡣
ǼҰֵȷƣŮΪƶΪʹࡣԲѾ˵λ壬ҵŮܽ¥û˻۸ġ
ֳûһ䣺ܽ¥ʲô¥ʲôģ
ǴȻ֪ʦ֪
ҲôһʣԲѾ߸⸸Ů˶ܽ¥˿֪顣
Ǹ¥ԲѾЦ˵ǻӶһЩŮ˲ˮȻź˵ĻƣɣҲΪѡ
ôһ˵ģǸȥ
ɤӺιʿôܽ¥ǰܣʲô˼ѶŮ¥ң
ôһߴ٣ԲѾҲʹ˸ɫ
ѴȽλǻͨġ
ܽȥˣ
˻ͷһջߣЩִٵ˵Ǿ鷳ˡ
ڣܽ¥Ŷ˳
ԲѾǽȥ
̧żʱظоЩԣͷż
񡭡ʲôոչȥ
̫ȷ
ʣ
ַɿҡҡͷ
ûʲôʱ򣬻ҪȻȥС
ż
ܽ¥ſһŲʻʯձڣֿŶ࿴ۡ

úúãǶ㱾Ӷ㵽ܽ¥ˣţӾҹ
ڵһ̧֣ߣ
ͷû֣ɢȥ
ԲѾһ߹İĳȣƿãŲš
ǰ߾ǺԺˡ
ԺҲǵƻͨ
˴Ŵ˴ǰԺԺֵĲԣ˴Ҳûжţ˵˴ûйѺĵط
ˡ
ԲѾͣһ⣬ţ˵֣λЩѴ밢ְæչչŮ
һ
˴ûĲҲ˵ֻǷˡ
ˣͺðˡ
ɡ
ԲѾƿţԼȴȥǽȥ
ֵ̧˽ȥһۡ
ĵش֣ǣ֣˽ȥ
䷿ͦһ֣ߵУһʹİ׷ſһϣڳҩ
ҩζͦŨġ
Ա߻иźš
źҩ죬¶һƵЦ⡣
Сӣôˣûչ˺𣿡
˵ͷûӣԼ۾¶ⱻ֡
ֻǸɰͰͽ˵˵
ӵעȫϡ
òû֮ǰôޣɵɰƯģôôá
Ǳôһֲȹţˮܽء
ؼҵĹӡ˵ϸҲ˵Ǹ첻ߵġС£ؼҹӣҲҪ¥ӡǽӷڴ˴ǰȫġ
˲֪Ҫ˵ʲô
˵¾ǳˡ
ֻﲻ˵ģͰŮ£λ
Ӻſ꣬΢΢㵡
һŮӻҪƯꡣ
Űѻ˵꣺ҼСӣ뽫£չŮ
ſ˺һջߡ
ЦҲϣ˵˵жŮˣСӣи
˳Ĭ
ǾĶŮʲôʱǮˣӺǡ
һﲻˣСӣ߰ɡͷӺӡ
룬͹˹֣ҵĶŮ鷳ŷˡ
˵˵׷һˣȴֺض
úӣʲô˵𣿡
̧ЦЦ
˵ˣҪ¸ݲӣ𣿡
Цúԣǰæ˶˲ˮģ㲻öΪˡ
Ȼص˵ͷŻͰʣС￴źʲôҪ˵ߣ˵ˡ
ֱôһʣЦЩ˼ȴࡣ
Ҿ˵Ǯ𣿡
л˵
~
~
~


60 
ߵʱ, ﻹ˶ʮӡ
ֲ֪ǮҪô㣬Ÿӵӣг, ҲЩ죬ǹǮģصͷȻԶ, ɲܲҪǮ
ˣҹѾʱֺȴ֮İš´֣ǰһ¶ʲôط֪, ˵, غЩˡ
ú, ȥϢϴһźͰЦ, һҽһȥһ, ô
ֻǵԼĿģʣ˶𣿡
ͦġͣЩС, ɶˡԺҲҪ²źá
С, Ͳ²Զ͵Ů˵Զ
ֺ, һݵŮ, ôǱ߳ƹһ谵ĳ, Կ׿һ
ֿУһԺӡüסŮӶĻ
һŷ͹ƵŰɡ
ҹ, ˼ȴĵ, µʯ·ɼŸ֬ۺͻһоζ
˻, űӡĲš
ȱŵŴ󿪣ݵŮֺԻ谵һЩԺС
ֻһŵơ
Ůֳֵȥš
ġýһ̡
ſˣŵһŲô룬ɫŮӡ
һ۾Ϳ¹µ֡
ҲЩ棬ͷ
Ůӿֱۣڷŵ꣬ŲŮʱһ
ԹԣǴĸĻɫⲻϴǮ
˵ʲôͺܺáŮһ䣬ɨ֣ӲǾѧ˾ȥϹ
ָɴŶһ˼ҵǮ˲ˮҲǲС
ŮѾһЦ֡
úӣǹ
ûаɣ̧˹ȥ
żŷ֣˵һ䣬˵һøΧҡȻŸڵһȥŮת־š
ԿաŮԿٴλعͷЦѾ˼֡
пŵû򵥵ΰ裬黭
Ůӱűۣ´ֿ֣˿
ŮǾɫŮĴɫǴ˼е棬ֻҪˣǸҡǮ
ꡭӣƤĵأɲ֪ΪΣǿŶ˲ҿȻ
Ů˼ƽϣȽ֣ͽʲôѧʲô
ֻǵԼڵݣ˵֣ʮꡣѧģ÷˲ʿ˺þҲֻ˵᳭顣
ӴȻǸʶֵġｫĺܺáŮӺ⣬˼򵥵Щ׾ݵŮȻǻ᳭ʶֵġ
Ҳʡˡ
˵СС˵Ҳҽѧһѧô壬λֳǵܵܣ
Ŀϡ
ͷβĵأֱʱҲ̧ƤɨŮӡ
񵭵أʲôŮкΣոС
ģһˣ䵽Լĸûʲôµġ
Ҳ֪ͿܵĹϵ˵һʱֻ˵һ˫Ůû˵ǽܻء
ܻѽЩڴ룬ҪǿܺĻҲ꣬һ꣬ͲĺЩ̫ˡ
۰ͰͿ
ǣֻʦʦ֣ǱģҲҪһСġ
̧һۣŮԲڴ
Ц㣬ʲô
ҧŴɻûס¶Ц
۾Ц⵴һԵߵϲ̵ 
ˡǽܹϵҲбСĵܵˡȻֻѾˡ
ЦúֻˡĿתϲ㣬ЦЦ
Ȼϲ֡
Ҳãˡ
ŮȻˣǽܸðˣܵһ㶼ģǸʲôСŮˡ
ԭǽܣе㿴Ů˵ܻܵʲôͽһ𣿡
ȷ̫׾ǽܣŲ࣬еǿ˵ûȽ˽ܡΪˣܵĹϵŸŷ
ֵһ㣬أϲ̵ıҶࡣġ
΢΢üĬֵ˵
ﴧţҲȳһЩϾǸɣܼƫһЩѧöࡣ
ô᲻ᵯ٣
ȫ仰Ŀȫֵķϡ
Ƕɫڽ뷿Ѿֿήļܲ䡣
ǰȥֵ̧޽ǡ
ףãȻؿɵģҲûж
ջأ޽ǵָΡ
ͶˣֻʺֳĻήаܣʡ
ص˵ͷͺˡ
Ļֱӱܶˡ
ֹܻܵ᲻ᵯ٣
ȷһ£˳ǸýӴģǾʹһЩ֡
Ҳ֪ؿſꡣ

ƺʣҸٸ㡣
ֲ١
ڳ༫Ҳûлḧٵ澣Щ༫ĵӾø١żڸʱҲڵա
ʱǺԨڸλϣû٣ʱᷢʱԶԨҲûУԨžƣָҲһϺݸ
·ֻտĴڡԨ޹ء
ҡҡͷ
ʼ޷еõһ𰸣Щꡣ
֮ǰ᲻ᣬȴӸٿʼѧ
ֻˣָŵصϷŵ٣һá
ϲḧٵģúã˿϶ϲǶһЩûд
ֳ٣˲ҡ̧ͷֺһ¡
ֻ죬ҪʱѧһӡֻҪһѧˣ㹻á
Ŀ˵ײΪġѧḧٲһССȤֻǽûУҲ˴šܽ¥Ůûвḧٵġ
ֶѧģٷúãЩ档
ǲȥ˲𣿡
Ǵһ˿ЦѧԺеǶ˲Ļᡣ
ŶһȤز˲ҡָǻЩۡҲģЩӡ
ӵĹǮõˣѧ١ҵԶһ׬
ĿҲѧѧֱңңָ
Уٵ˳ģò˵Ǻö
ֵʱزңֵĸ¸
֧ϣȤָµڿ

ȫԻˣԽźڷܵزŪҡ
ֱ޷ͣһԼϡ
ֹĵôȥ˵죬궼̲
ͣͣͣ٣һã㲻ʺ٣ǻһ
¥ĹûвգǲҪɱ˲ա
ıɱҲС
ʧط١ͦõѽˡ
ʱ䣬Թ٣ã٣١
һ䷿ĵʼճҹš죬ط֣Լֱ治ˡ
ڵصϣﱧãڵͷָңһһµĲŪ
棬̺Ц꣬Ϊʲôö֮
־̵ģĿ
ôַõһʱѯ
ЦЦ
ͦõġ˸Ҳûʲôȱ㡣
ڸ˵ҲˣС뿪ԺǲܳȥǮˣ
֪ģھ¥רŸٵˣһҪǮġ
۾գһ£˵ܡ

˸ڵصƽˡ
ԭΪһңܹصʲôŮӣһ˵ٵĵط
㲻ţ￴죬Ѿǿŷųȥ״̬ˡ
ط˸
ҲĶһ÷棬꼸Ҫһ
գգۡ
ý
Щôľ룬ԨǱʯСˡ
ָϵʱ죬ɽޡ
ϲ
룬ǲϲɣԼųĿ
ûвϲ
ֽУ°ֵĶͷ˲䡣
ûвϲϲϲģҶ㡣
ֱ뻳Уûü˵أͷûˡ
ɫСˣӣǹ֪ʲôطҲܣѧپѧ٣ſŶ֪
һȥȴɫ޵Ľܶ˱һڵǵص
һĻʧ
̧һۣһ顣
Ҳк
ﲻȥֻ꣬˼
ܣô׽
Ҳˡ
ҽǡȵȸȥѧı¡
ˣСﵯҪ㹻ˣʲôҪ
װ˷ʱ䲻˵Ķ䱥ĥ
ֹԹŶһ
ദ죬Ǹɵĺӣ̲סѵǶɺͬȥˣʲôʲôҪģ֪𣿡
ʣ򣿰˶𣿡
࣡ҲŻֻҪﲻģҪ֮ǰиʮһСѾͷúܣȥˣ
ʮһꡭգգۣǲԶԱߵס֡
ɨ
ϻǹȥ
ʻû˵Ļתһ룬ոյȷʡȻݾˡ
ǵˣǸԼʮŮӣƯǿ˵塣һҪֵ°ֱͣһĿ
ӴܵܿĻỤˡ
ŮҲգ֪µҡǮһԽܡ
ܺðͷЩЩҪζģȽ̺ͳȥеƢĵܵܺĽ㣬۰
ֲ̫ϲŮӣ˵ߣҪǹ⡣
ڡֽվһ
ˣˣ߰ɡ
Ůֺߵһǰǵ濪
һСԺ䣬İͬ˲ٵ
ʼ̤ܽ¥ĵطǰԽеζԽĻˡ
Ժ䷿ŶǽյģżŮӵĲҽ
ûë߲ˡ
ŮǣҲڱ
ֽ߬öö౻۸ŮӰ
Сལ
ꡣסĶ䣬ԼſĶҪһʱ
ֳĬһǿŵ˵ͷɫܰףһ㣬Ѫɫ
߹Ǽſڣƹ⵹ӰڴϵӰǱץȥ̢Ů
Ů޵ңסŵۡ
ֺЩ˳ߵԽԽ
СЩǲģͲᰤˡ
ŮƺŮĳţͷЦֻµĺùܻȥ𣿡
ֲ̧
ֻ֪Щ˶ǻˡ
ˡ˵Ļʲôֶȥ
ٴεͷ
ǶǻˡҪõͷġ
һ·ĬŮ쵽һ䷿С
ȣ࣬Ҳ˸ֶ
ϴźУҲĺۼӣһ
ﴦǽ
վſЩȥ
о˲
ν̧̤УشһȦЦ߻ſڣֵСЦš
һ˱ʱ𣿡
ɻؿһ
ֻбϵȥ·ʱ򣬱ʱɡ
ܡһͲ˴ǱߵûǿӲֶΣ޷ôôǳġ
ЦзָָԼǺһ𱻹أأ𣿡
΢΢ۡ
ⲻҲǱ
ܵġСشҲᱻҲᡣ
Цǳǳܾܰˡ
Ůӵǽֽϡ
ΪѾˣν
Ůת´ֺȴ˵ﲻͬǸģ֣ҿɲһôʹ򣬸÷ͷЩ
⻰Ѿ˵һˡֲϲֻҲû˵ʲôƿߡ
Ůضֵѡ
ôãܽ¥ɲִ
ˡ
û
ˣû𣿡ŮȡһѽߣʾƵĵžž졣
ϴ·أ
ǷˣҲܴӽóԼ
˻֣··ġ
Ůɨ֣ɨЦһ
Ҳãôܡ
ŮӸ߸ϵ°ͣ˵
û·ȫѹվ
Ĭ꣬Ҳͬ˵Ҳһȫˣȼһ˵塣
л˵
~
ϼ~
~


61 
⻰, ׳ĬˡЩʲôűĳʶŮбҲȻõĵ
Ů, ˵½
̲ס룬ȥ, ֻԨһ˵
¸޷ġ
ҲûмֻǶŮӺؿ
ַ˼Ҫʲô˵, бŪŮǶҪҪ
Ƚϲк廹㵭, Цж˼ɱ, ˫΢΢һ, аȻ¶
ֵ˵½
ҲǸ̵ס, ֱ̧֣Ůһۻֱӱһ˹ȥ, ӱס
ŮӻδӦѾ÷, ûĶࡣ
ۿһа, ɱ, Ůӻʲô֪ģ˸ˡ
Ůɤ﷢ȿȵȴ˵
ֻһĹ, ŮӶ챻ˡ
ԥŽ˽ɱû·ӿˡ
ĿǰѾߵһ, 춼, Ҫǰ;, ˷ʱ䡣
͵һɿ֡
Ůӵڵأˤúأȴֻʹذ
һ̣ĽѾֱ·Ķ
˵䡣عͷ˵ʱЩί״ƵģҲϲɱ
Ҫǲ֪ʲôģǾź֣ҾŲˡǻûеҪɱ˵ĵز
״ӣ˺ܴ裬ɰίġ
Щԥؿ˿ϵŮӣ޷
ǻҪ˵ġ
Ϳ˵ʲôûκáϾ˼꣬Ҳͷϡ
ȷֲɱˣֻɿţȴӽŷеĳе
ιϵ׵ߵŮ|ңֵ֪ˣתͷѾ߷ͷˡ
һŵ|Ѿͷû˻ŵġǴ˴ԼͷҲ
ֻڵͷԼѡǸûˡΪ˻רŴģѾһɾҲС
ֻǡ̧ͷŮӱŵǶﻹһ޲Ǹ鷳¡
ȻѾһҲֻܼȥ
ȡŸŴˣȡŮӿе޲
Ů̸󺰣ˣˣ
ǵ䵽Ŵϵķֽʱͫһ
ˣʿ
ֻܿ˵ģ֪֪һԶСŮʮһꡣ
Ůӿóƣһ仰ŭǸ꣬ЩŮ˵š
ȻҪô
±ţŮҲЦù˵˵ģҲطġֻܸ˵ǡֲ˲š
ЩɡϾҲܰ˾ȳķӣֱûֶΡǾǴţܽ¥ŮӲýӴҪߵġ
Զ𣿡׷ʡ
Ů˵ŮǴ󶼸֡Զ˵ҲҪңǶ
ôףû뵽ô򵥣Ҳԥ᲻ô򵥡
ҪöǸѵɡ
ĺܺãȰԶҵˣٰЩ˶ץˣ֮Ӧøܴá
˵˵ңȥ
ֻǶ⿪ˡ
Цһֵָͬĺס
˵Ĳš
ţֻͷֻ겻֪һذףĵֱӵŮӵĲӣʲôҲû˵ֱӻһӡ
Ѫ˲
Ů۵۴С
˵ʶԶ𣿡Цú͵ĶûʲôŶ﷢
ŮӺ˵־Ͷֵˣͱŵûҡͷʶ
ʧһ
ƭġÿɶ񰡡
ŵѪذ״յֵĸǰЦ˵С˵ʵ
ֹӡȷû뵽ַӡС
ǰ˶ˣҲ֪ԶʲôطҪôźãˣҲü̽ȥˡ
Ƕ˺һǾͰࡣ
ȻصŮӵĸǰ
ҺǴʲôͼװ˲֪ʲôģ𣿡
С׾ɣʱһζ
ŮӺݺʿˮҲ¡
˭ùɵŮиаȵĶء
áŮӵǷˣܲסͷϹŵеĿɲӦˡ
˵˵·ʲô֮Ҫʲô
ֵǲµģ˵Ƶı£һѣŪҲԲ׼Ҫʲô
ŮǲΡΡ̧ȥɫ
ƺܲ䣬ɲһ۶ͷ
ܳĬδ
Ů£ԥԥ̽˵⡭¥ŮƤڱǰѣǴ߳ġ
ƶǶ
ˣѹˣպź˲䣬Ůӵ˵Сֿ졣
ֲˣ˲ˮҪ·̫٣֪ЩH֮£֪мй˶ѪȲ̡
ֿ
ЩŹ֣ҪǸմȾü
˼ǲԸģЩŮҲǲԸġԽʱͷЩеŮǾͻΪ
·Ҫж˰򣿡
ʡ
Ůڨڨġ
⡭ģ˭ûءװ˼ҵŮĸԸ˸ǰ½ȻûһϵģȻǸ˴
˵Ǵӣγһ
ֶˡЩġʮһСŮҲҪЩ
֮أǻȥ
ŮҲ
⡭Ҫģȥ׼׼ˡҪǾһģ͹صؽȥЩͷ
СЩأʮһŮӻô
׷ʡ
Ůԥ£˿ΣǰɰģпϲҲ˹һĳȥˡĶǸĽСѾͷʹ
˼£ԶǰɰİӾӶףųҲ˰𪣬Ҳпɰ
ԶѾȥ˲ˮ
ֲȷ
ʱҪһһ룬ĸʹ
ĵ¥֪ģͲģȫдʲôʲôض
ŮӲϻѪԼţϽӦˡ
ִδһ¥ʮһСŮжʮˡ⻹Ů֪ģܼǵסģǲסֻиࡣ
ҪӶʮȥҰԶҳȷеѶȡҲǲܡ
ЩŮͶС϶ڸŽʹûгˡ
ҧָ˼ôǼװȥ˲裬ȥؽѣ
أ˵ģиСѾͷܾ󣬱˰
ǲиʮһСŮ˰ģһ˫
ŮӺǵ£ֻƴ䣬ȷиСŮץϻе㹦򣬼˲Űסݺݴһ٣СѾͷȴܾ󣬴ΣϢ١
Ǹ׾ɰģӣҲŪԾ͵ͷĲˣָصȥĥһĥӡ
ûö֪ǰŮҲ֪
ŮӾƶеģѾͷҼǵãð׾˴޵ɲ̣ܽ˴ؽȥĥˡ
ֿǺˡȻ̵ܽҪȥؽѣ˹̵ܽĳ˲裬ȥؽˣҲٳ˲衣
Уȥؽѡ
ŮŲϵ˿ڣЦúúãͰţλǲǣҪȽ⿪ң
ֻͷ
ں£°ͣ⿪ɡҪ˼ֱɱ˾ǡҲ֪ˡ
Ůʹ˼Ҳʵʵġ
ŮǸʿ̧з궯ɱ˴ӱʲôںһѪ
Ůԥ죬ǵλкãѰɡ
ȴ˵½ˡ
ˣȥȡ
ָָ䣺гӣλСմѪϴϴúá
ŮӺóӹ˿ڣøŪԼЦ
ֱ·Щ⶯ϴһϴһѣ˶һء
ƿ˸ȣȷиӣˮ
ն£׼£ȴ걧һѴҡڸŽˡ
߬ϵûˡ
굹һ㶼ܻ䣬⿪´׼ǻƵ¡
һ
Цһ϶ͣ˼ֿ֣
˼Ҳ˵𣬽ôġ
ãûУۼһ¡
־ǰûġ
ֻô죬ֻܱ׼ȥ
һſڣơ
ֽ¾ͣס̧ڿлƷϸš
ջصһɲ֮Уֻ˵ȳУһǽƣȴ赲ߡ
Ҳ
ҲС
ֲ˷ʱ䣬Ͻԡ¡
ֻЩᱡһխխĨӣͷǹɴ£͸ģ米ȫ¶⡣
Ҳȹӻű
ֻѣȴ֪ûС
ﰲŰǽϡˮ
ûѽ
ԼڿлָĬĬš
棬Ҳõϡ
ػŻ˼Σڻ˷Žķ
һ˲䣬·һ紵ȥ˲ɢ
ȳصһ룬Ҳ˲|¶ǰ
ۿڳرߵ꣬ˮУˮֻ£ȫ¶ǣ첲ǡϣʢ˻۵ˮ
·֣Ƥ촽ݰףݹˮ󣬸Եûɫ㡣
£ȴǰ۳ЦЦЩ
ץˣ͵ԡ
Ѿ
ϣ֪Լڿգգ۸Ͻͷ
ȴˮ͸ģһͷЩֿˮе塣
ãˮƯһɴ£õ
ֽ̧ͷˮĨȥմȾˮɫԵ޺졣
Сڲܿġۡ
ʵʵۡ
ˡ
ˮʪĽŲʯ̨øµ
Ƕ˫ֱϥǣͷ
СĿ塣
Դģ룬
ûʲôѽ
ֻˡЩ졣
ֶǶ׵ˣûеȵϡ
Ҫôʱ
̲סʣ𣿡
ˡ
ȴͽǰִ㵵̧ȴʹϣʪŷĸǰʹľ룬ζ
Ⱦ˺ɫ²Ϊȳ¶ȸߣѬġ
ôҡȴˣЩûվȣֲȹϣǰһˣ˵껳С
˳ˮۣſ˫ֱûаƵڵء
ֱִײˣ棬۵һ
۰һֻۣأռұˡ
ֳϣѣȴ֪Ϊʲô廹ǹ̵ģЩǱҧŴ
վ
Źȹˣ˰춼ûѽźȹӷֿҲġ
ǹţֱӵźףϾ
żռˣҵ㡣
ֵһֻۣ۾ˮģ׾ûУġ
ЦţȴüɫЩ΢
ôӴе˸֪ˣôܲˣ
ͷԼĽźò״ȹֳŵأվ
أȴ½ŵϵ˼𣬹קק
ֻûվȣֱӱôһקָקС
ƺһͷۣҧŴ
ֻΪְײˣŵ̧ȥȴı˵ۣ˵Щ΢Ļ䡣
ֵļһ
קңûվȡ
Ʋϵ
ڵϣһĴ磬Ҫ΢һ㣬Ҳֻһ㡣ͬɴ£޺ɫĴϣô˵ɫ
ڵϵֻɫݡ
ܻҪһɫ
ֻǳЦЦмֻ
֪ҹġ
۸һ²Լ
ֿɵõǹͬġ
ȻǰĿʵ˿ĿͿһջߣٿһۡ
˵ĺܺÿ
ֻһţҲɴɿϣͷ֡
ҽɡ
ѾЬӴˡͷҲ̧ʲô
ﲻʲôõطס㣬֮δȫ̲֪
Цǳǳֻôһ룬䡣
۵ѹһ˿⣬֡
һɴ£ᱡģ·ڹȥ£ȥɴµ
˵ѣǲΪֻѣ
Цмֻ
ŲŶѣΪ
˵һ룬ֺضأȴۣĬ˺һ
ٴʱ۵׶һ˿ɨ֣΢΢̾
֣ҵɴá
ָͷ˿˳
ʲô˵һ룬ֻܺġ
ȴεָѹסֵĴ
ϸ壬̵΢
ЩɳƵ
Сڲ֪¡ԣ㳤ٽ㡣
л˵
ٺ٣ٺٺٺٺٺ
~


62 
ð, ʾͲʡ
ֶҲûкܺ棬ʵʵŶһȴΪָĴС֮, סˡ
ջָ֣⡣
ܾţܺЩ΢ı仯
˻ô, оֹ͸ող̫ơ
߳ʱ·Ҳû֮ǰɢ⡣
ıӰָȥ
֮, ŮӰŴ, ʹ
, ԿҲ, ƫƫԿҲ򲻿
ȹʱ, Ůʹţͼȥ˺ϵķֽǷֽײ, ˺Ҳ˺, Һ, ͷ
국ĮɨŮ, һȦ˼òĿֵϡ
΢΢üвϲ
𽵹, ֿǷ·з, ҵһʵ, ô͸, ʾִϡ
Ҳϰ㱡ɴ£иʵѿ϶á̾ͽϣһϵţûиոôᱡģ
ֻôСôһɢ٬
ȴҲûбĸõˡ
ŮӼЦҲҿˣΡΡأλϴˣͶλȥؽѡ
ֲڡ
ۿŮӣ
̧֣һ׹ŮӺڵء
ֵɴۡ
ɱ𣿡
굹ǵȻջֽԼɿ
ɱãʡ
ꣿ
һİĴʣֺ档ѧģ꿴ó۵׵ĺ棬ûн
úõСѧ͹ˡ
ŮڵƬֳ̣ŵ
ŵصۣţðǲ̵ܽģǺúóԳԿͷ
ֻն·ûмʵ
ֶʱˡ꣬ôŮܰԭģж³ǰҲκβԡݾߵķ
ɻؿꡣ
Ȼ꣬ʼôأ
Ȼ𰸣⻭˼ʡ
ҡ
ָһ
ҵ˰ĵϢβƵİȫС
Ŵ󿪡
Ůŭʼûֽ̧ͣԺе
̵ܽģȥؽúĥһĥӣ֪ǹĴˣ
Ժӣžͱ뺷֣һ⡣
ֱӹЦ÷ˣͰȥ
ָ߳źԺУŮӵĿʼղϡ
̲סʣҲȥؽҲܡ
ȥ˵ؽѣܺùﰤ
ǱӵŮ̴£ȥȥȥЩ̵ܽĶŪؽȥúõĸˣǮ
ȻſȥУñˣͷѾͷŪ
һգգϸ
ЩŮӴʮ꣬С͸첲ˣ·һȳһյģϵѼѪġ
ǿ޵ۣһȺʧȥ˱ӵСᣬ׸
ҧЩѹЩΪЩŮѹ
ôôˣȥƭЩŮӣ뿪ң뿪ǵļˣܾĥ
ЩŮӶˣӣ໥ţֵ̿صȴǵˡ
ǣץ֡
ֶ˵ֱƿӣԼ굽ŮУ֡
ҲûָָԼϵ
գۣףŶð죬ñһֱץ١
ԺûһģӺʹŮǣĵ߳Ժӡ
ֻͷƸ
žͺáһ·ߣһ·Χ
˼õĵؽѣľһؽѡԺ߳ŻСûãһưܵķӡ
ӿŮȫ˽ȥ
пյģһľ壬Ӱľƿ¶š
ϻһ
ƿţڵĵؽ|¶
ֶŴ˴ĵؽѣЩţ̲סͷ
ʼ󣬶ߣ΢΢ס
ͷ̤ʵˡ
ؽѺСȥֲ֮ŷ֣˵ǵؽѣǵײ㶼ˮ
ˮ˵Ҳ͹űɸûܱܿλã谵ССĵؽУʮСŮϥǿ޵С
ֽʪˡ
üĲϲָо
Щ̫ˣʪˮУʱ䳤ܵס
һֵ̣§ţһᣬĽվĽűϡ
Ŷڣһ޵֮Ⱦ˳š
ֲĽű㶣ȥ˲ϣôܵˡ
ԣ𶯡ɳƣƺЩЦ⣬ܵס
ܵס
ֻĬһԼϡ
ֻôһǽŵġȫܱ֫ƽ⡣
ҲץѣС˵˿ü𣿡
ʻ֪ǵ꣬Ц
˿𣿡
ҡͷ
Ǿûܿ
ص
ͷ˵ģһ׼⡣
ִؽѣֵ֮ҵԶ
ֻƣǰΨһܿ˾۽⿴ˡ
ָŴ˴ţƺ΢΢þͽСת˸򣬱ǰСĺ󱳡
һ־ȫĻУܲɷ֡
Ҳ˲ö룬һ˫۸ϽΧŮǡ
˸ոպһ߸ŮؽԭʮŮӡ֪Ѻ˶ãϸ
Զ
Сһ䡣
룬ԶĻӦû̧ͷ
ȻŮ̧ͷˡ
ǣǸʮҵŮ޵۾ͨ죬ۡ
ŴͬԶˡ
ʵеŮӣγԶмǻؼҡ
ո˵˭
Ů޵ƣЩǻ
ԥ£ʵԶʶ𣿡
ԭؽпŵŮǣм̧ͷ໥ۡ
۾һǶԶзӦ
иԶһСŮ˺ö򡣡
ʼ̧ͷŮƬ̣ĿֵĽϡ
Ψһûڵؽнմˮˡ
㡭ǲԶĽ㣿
ŮڴؿԶĽʿ𣿡
һ⻰ȻǰŮʶԶԶ
ҡԣĽ㡣
̳ˡȻԶ׽㣬ٰŮôҲԶĽ㡣
ʿһؽеŮǶ֣޵˺ѷΣ˹ץ֡
Ⱦҡʿң
ؼң뿪㡭
ʿ㣬Һ۰Ⱦҡ
죬ôһ˲䣬˵ġͷЩᡣ
죬ŵһǵġ
ġ
ŮĨȥᣬ˵ԶĽ㣬ͺˡ
һ
Զô𣿡
ŮţԶӾ󣬱úݣζЩˡԶܻЩ˵ԶʲôʲôȻ󣬰Զܽظˡ
ܽظ󣿡
üܽ¥ܽ¥Զﱻ˱ĵط
̧
һԲۺɷ
˵ģܽ¥Ǹ˵ĵطܽظǸʿġ
Ů޵̫ˣ
Զȥ˶ʿܽظ󡣡
գգۣȻһרʿܽظ
Զܽظ
ҧ
Զ㣬ȥԶɡŮĨȥᣬﻹл·ڶǻʿĵطûܻȥġʿɱˣ̫׾ˡ
Դҡܽ¥ķŮǶĥܽظԶҪԿɲĻʿ
ּʿɱ˶ᱦС
ԶǸ᲻ᡭҲɱˣ
ģʶ߬
ʣҸô죿
ȾߵŮǣȾԶ
¡Ϊһʱ²õĺ
ȥԶ侲ܽ¥ģǲɱ˭ǡܽظʿȻйģֻʤ
ֶˡ
ǰŮǿ޵̫ң
ָ޷ǡ
ĬƬ̣ǷͷжɣǣȥԶ
СһڻؾǿƵҲһȥΣյĵط
ֻ˸˵ҾǣȥԶ
黹Ǳһڷˡ
СֱԲ䣬Ҳ뿪㡣
ҧŴѡ
ƺܣ°ʹͷϣ̾˿
ˣɡ
̧ȴָʮŮŮ帡ֳһ⡣
ҸɱЩ˲㡣괹䵭˵ѡԾȣ߾ȳܽ¥ˡ
ŮδͷϣбŷĹ⡣
һȳˣ
Դųǿ׸
ŮĨȥϵۣС
Զ㣬λ磬ģȥԶĽá
ҽаգҵģκһԾȵĽá
֣˰յͷ
¶Цݡ
գǾͰˡ
ֻ˲ٵķֽܹԸķˡ
ȻѾ֪Զ٣²˳١ȥܽظ
ֻ˵ܽظǸʿģǾʲôط֪
µȥǷӣ
֣һӵؽֱ֮ӻص˷Ӵ
ӽӲڷУ۾գһ£ûк
ֱֵĵǷӲתת
ܽظںδ
Ҳ˷ʱ䣬ֱʡ
ӲܽظںᡣҪܷ˽
ȥ
ӽӲǣȥܽظ󡣡
һֱŷӣ򿪷ţɫ˲ָնк
Ťǰֺ
ӣȥʲôط߳Ժӣü
ȥܷҪ
Բ˵ܷ˿ɲҵĺá
ˣû
һ·һ·Χ
˴ĺܴڸսʱʲôԽԽֿĻǡ
ߵһդǰѾᵽе
ǣң·Ų˲ʵĶܵġ
ߵͲ̫
դ󣬷·һƬԺ䣬Ӳݴгȥ
ߵդǰդ
ӣӿŰ
ʮΣԺв߳һˡ
ԺУŮȴַ飬̣ͷΣʹ˴Ȼ
һͷģʲô
ޱص۷ӣȥɣĴ˷֡
Ӵ˿̲˵ˡԭء
Ѿֱֽ̧ץ˳
Ǳڵϡ
κҡ
ʲôˣ
δ䣬ҲֱӳԼСལȻܷ˵Ĳ
һʿȻͽףѾ壬Ƿˡ
־رֱ׳ý
ţǽȥ
ܷתתȥЦȥⲻףͿš

ֶ̾ȥףҸʵݽȥҪġ
ףãȻػͷ
ȴָ̧֣ü˵㡣
һ̣ӻӲշ
һԽܣҡǮҪȥ
ꣿ
𽣣ͷʱȴۣɫЩ԰ס

̷꣬ƺЩܵſ죬ƺ

ض꣬òʹùȣַ˰ɣ
걻˼ۡ
ֽǰظ״۸ҡ
ףȻűڻУãȻգգۡ
˭۸ˣ
ôôһ˲䣬ֱˣ
ô˵ģ
ǡ֮ǰһ˰̤ʵص
ãȻƿ꣬ȥ
ۣǹ
ϲǲǣ
ɿ֡
˻ˡԼѾ֪ڵؽ˭ˡ
ʦ
գգְۣġߵĲֻǿпʦ
դţܷѾڴդˡ
դһй
ֿդţǰɫ䡣
һܽ¥ĸûʵĸ¥
ƻͨݺ֡
ܷǰֺܷﻹ߶š
ҡǮһ˫ܣҪӴȥ
˴߽ܷ֣нơ
ֻҿţźĻŲʻĸ¥ˡ
ʿʿǴצĶߣﱧƯŮ
ջߡ
üܸоķΧܲԾ˲ˮĶСĺӣ΢ͺʵģǱ§ڻеġ
ָо˲ʡ
ָӵҪ¥ݡ
¥ϣиߵʿߡں׷š
ˣ˱߰ﻹԵĺӣЩûϵٿİɡ
ʿߣ˦ͷҲء
õ͵Ȼɫң
ʿʱײӣһһŮ
ȻøƯһ̧ͷʱʿЩ¶̬
ܷˣģ
ǵģˣһԽܡܷ˵
ܣ
ǿЦЩа
ⲻкûɫУˣܣܺð
üֱðĲ
ЦñʿҪаЩ޷ƿߵĹ֮
㡣򴽣ͷ΢΢ֵļϣЦһ棬ҺúŶ
л˵
~
һ㣬
ϼ~


63 
ܽظĶʿ
Ҳ͵˴¥, 󷨲ĺۼ
һûһžܷ֡
ûС£ͳ졣ֻǿ, ܷ⡣
Ҳ͵Ǳ޺Ĵڣӵ¥
һķ䣬źŮŮ, ݶ毺ãеϴЦЦýӲеЦ, ֱͦͦǶ
ûʲô, , Ǵ֮ʵĳĬ
ֺ˴ӵȥиӥǵǶͣʣǰͷģ˭ҪĿ֪ɽ̺ˣ
ܷľػش𣺡, ˵ǽ̺ˡ
ס̺˾, Ȼ֪ΪʲôǷģһԽž͸ۣڴ˴ܴļֵ, ϶ǰͷ¥Ҫ
Ͻ͵˷, ź, ٴһ̹ء
ȫ̶ءķ, һᵽеѪǵԼһЩԷֱϢ
Ǵߵʿժ˶, ȴһܵɷʿ
ֻʿ۾ضֲ֣ϵͷ
, , ǸƷ
ߵĴ, ܲüȥ
ȥŹˣҺǺúÿ
ڵϵķȥŴϡ
лвٵˣˣʿѾ|Цų
õغܿ죬ʿ޷
ʿɫ΢䣬ֿ
ֻ˼ǰʿǴصģߵҲԳԶûʦʦǰӯ
ʿΪֻߵͳôһ㡣
ڡ
һʿСܽظʿٶأʦ˵ڵΪҲҡ
򲻹ġ
ܿӲַʽ
ӣʿûзְҲʿֻЩ֮Ƿеϰ֮ˡ
ûڼ䣬ⷿеĿⶼϡеƺڴе񣬻еƽɨͷ衣
ˣǱץ
Զʲôط
ʿ˵
ֻԥץץ
ץĻʵ̫ġϾǰʿ1а俴к壬Ĳ˺󱳷ëġ
ܴݾߵĻֻܡ
㡣
شʿĶ
޶аȣŹǷԣЦп֡
ǺϷɡ
ʿһ㶣Ŀʱǳղˡ
üȴĴ㡣
ߵߣ°ʹļָָʿ
һʿǴӮ㶫Σ
ֲ̫ʲôֻҪȲ֣ݾߣӦþС
̵ͷá
Թ˵ʿ°͵˼Ȥ
Ȥ޽ܣֱֵȷǱһ棬Ҳиӡ
СʲôϷ
۵׵аѹţЦúơ
һЩСźţҲϲʹ׾ġ
ɨڳŮʮ͡
Ȼŵͷ
ʮһãסġ
ҪʿǴδɿһ˫ܣ°͸߲ʵģģ֪ܺĽЩʲô
ǵһСŮӣȥҹܼҰţ
ǷеŮ˿뿪䣬ʱܻš
˳ȥǷʿ£֣һ
ּװûҪڵصȴһק
ȴС
Ȧ°ʹļϣʿЦơ
ֻһ
Ĵȣţûʲôų⣬Ҳ֪ʲôҲûжڳһܹϵõģ
ʿУȫһˡ˷ܡ
ȤʵȤ
ĻУ±ʿԾץƣָġ
ô
֣ʲôҲ˵
һ˴ĹܼţǹܼҲǸʿͽʿ٣ɵױͷǿöࡣһЦ̧СŮ
ү˵ҪЩСģЩΣ
СŮԼö׾ɰֻ֣̿ʱǽģ
һСƵģһţ̻̲ȴԼ˰š
ʿһӣˣ˾ͳȥɡүĺ¡
ǹܼĿɨֺջߣЦ뿪ˡ
źϣʿԼһƣݹ
С˿ɻȾƣ
ֱӾܾᡣ
ǰСϷẒ́˳ưһѣֿС
ѡ
һ𡣶ҧѣȻźԼҲйʱ˾ƣԨȾƣһѡ
أѸȥһƵĴߡһţһŽһšǰƤġ
ǹѾֻʣƤˣָȾ֭ڵͷЦǰŪָ
Ūˡ
ֵͷͳȴӣôš
Σֻõͷָϵ֭ɾ
ʿ̰ضֺ˵Ķһ㶼㲻ȥ
޽ܣ޲һ§һ
ɿ§һҲ˼
Цеָɾָ̧ͷ
нλãСŮǻֵ̿һţŵضǡ
ʿжٺöûóϷģ
ĵɨʿĿȴЩСŮϡ
ʰɾ
ǼСŮΡΡ֪ǰ˵ݣǿ϶
СŮҿֻʰСϵĹƤˮ
ЩԹһ࣬һ
ýˣһȥ
Ƕţȫţ죬ݡ
ʿͷԽģǻӻóһ
פյǷ˻̫̣פյɱݳפ
СˣΣ
ֿĻУͷ
ҲУǾϷӮˣͰǡӮˣҪ󡣡
۾գһ¡
úúãû⡣ʿ̴Ӧô棿
ܼ򵥡ָָǼСŮ֪ôū𣿿ڡ
ı鵭ĮЩŮʱ񣬸ûʲô
ǾͿ˭ںõġ
߸ϣ˵˵̬ȣȴʿϲ
͸㡣
̶˼ͷڴǼŮ
ͺÿ˭öˡ
û⣬ô죡
ʿһڴӦŮ죬¶
ΧǼŮӿѡһԲģ°͡
ڸġ
ȴ˴ֵأ
ϸԲСŮ˵ԲȴҲûм⣬԰ۺˮ޶ҿޡ
Ǹгġ
˵գʿСŮ졣
Ųô룬ͷпźںġǸ
ˡ
ֱӹ˹֣
ʿҲϡָõפյ˹ȥ
ȤָָڶŮ
ںã
ǸСĬصͷ
ϸһ£ȴҡͷ
ǣݶˡ
ȻһСŮǶѵġ
ִŮ϶ĺۼһֱŴʼմܾ²ˡ
оСŮȥʿ˸ףһûӮ
Ҳʧûöġ
ʿ䣬ķƢһСŮȥȥҹܼңѸ¥ͲŮȫ
ͲˣӮˡ
ܼһʱŪ̫СŮµŮӹ
ЦүĻϲСģھô֪࣬үˣģ
ʿɨǼС
״ƺʣô𣿡
ǹܼҿ֡ȷǸɶõСˣѹֽ˷лܺö˶Ϸ
֪Сĺ٣еĲ̣ܽ͡
̺ܽѽѧĿ˵̵ܽĿס򡣡
ܼҿֱۡ
㴿覵ò񶾵ȤζģǸ¥ˣ
˵ǣǲҼסģ
Լ˵Ҫ뷨ֻƿߣ˵Ҳҵģֲǡ
ý㣬͵ɡʿүǶŪЩС͸ң𣿡
ЦŴ˴
˶㡣
ʿү
ʿ֮Ķ̶ǹܼ˵ŪŪ
ܼҹˣûãĸŮӽ
⼸ס
⼸СŮȻСɸ񶼺˲ͬ㣬ͣҧأ㲻Э
Щû𣿡
ʡ
ǹµԥ£ôһǶǲү
ţ¡Ů⣬һ
Ǿ˵ϷѾ
һǼࡣ
ɵİ취ҪҪӵ˲ܴˡԼڵĻ
Ѿʿƴһˡ
ǹܼȥ˸Ƿĵһû˼ȫҶġӮ
ǼŮģſ졣
ľĸֵģһҧأϱ˵ݡ
ʿʿüСѾͷһӣĸСѾͷڵأ°͸ſ
ʿһЦһСѾͷתӮˡ
С˶ֵҡ
δ䣬ɿ֣֫ҲϬƵģӽͳԼСӡ
һǷʿӦžӣҶ˷ʿֱۡ
ɫѱɿأɨ۵ϵķʿҶȡ
ֻŶһͷӣֱҶ˷ʿȣȻ󲻽ؾСӡ
ֻѽ
̧ۣһ
˵ˣûס졣
ʿ۵ֱð
﷭ȫκεķӦֽȫҶϣı£Ҳʹ
ŭǰˡ
һûУǷˣô
ôǿ˵Ե
ˣֻ治ɫ˵ˣҪ
ڳŮǶö
Զ͵ܽظǾʹܽظĺۼڡ
ŮǶȻıʸɵˣΨĸֵСŮ۾һ
ǵ𣿡
ֶ|Ů⿪ϵ
һãԶǲһ˫öм𣿡
ģ
ǸձɿֵŮӼе˵ұһ𣬱ûѪ
üССŮӣôҡ
ҲһŮӱɿ֣󣬡Щ˵ǰ˵￴ˣһʱǰϴ¥ȥˡ

۾һ֪𣿡
Ĵ𣿡ŮӱûˣҲûнۣ濴֣Ķ𣿡
ֳĬش
ԶУĽһġ
ֽ㡣˵ˡ
ŮӺֶӣ۵׵棬ίصͷ
Բֻ֪¥֪ȥ
СŮͷ
ⲻ㣬лл֪䡣
¥
ְγһѶУֱӲʿĸ첲
Ѫֱð
Цʣ벻㣿
ʿ֪ԼˣûҪֵĽȥಫܽظ˲Ǻùġ
ϲĴһ֪
ʿ˵ҳƺΪӣһ㶼ڶ¥࿿ķС
ֺ
ӡǽʿ
еá
ָһ㣬Ƕзɳʿĸ첲۵÷ʿ亹ֱð
ѡǱ꣬ȥֻ߾ȥ
ꣿ
ʿͫһ
ģǼʲôʿ
ѹһ·ͨ¥ܽظ
δ´֡
ÿĿȥǰ޽ܣɢȷǵͽʿ
Ǻꡣ
ֱһ̷ʿŷ֣һаԣΣյ˺󱳷
ƯŮһ޹ɾҶ֫ʱ
ովȻϷôΣյˡ
ʿֻԡ
ʿǲ
Ц
ѡڶ
ܽظҲŵȡ
Ѱʿڴûһ¥еݱڶ¥
ˣǲģ¥
ģڶ¥
ʿ¥ĿˡȻΪʿݡǴһϵĶӡ
û˵šϾѰֵʿߣĿľΪ˶Ŀ
û˻ñ֪Լֵط
¥ſڻ˰ءЩ˶ʶʿЦ֣үǣ
ʿǰϸŲʱĽӲ
һŮƯޣһж档
ѰһԱ͸ȳʡ
ֲ¥ϣͷܿ¥ϻŵ󷨡
죬Լ֪ʲôõġ
ͷĬĬš
ʱŵȻÿ塣
ѵ÷үģҲ˱أү롣
ʿһŶǽġ
ֽȫҶϣȫŷ֧塣
һޣΪķޡʿֻԼ۾̫ôɷ
ʿߵſڣá
ӣ·Դʹˡ
ֽضš
ţԶ˰ɡ

ܿ죬иС˿šЦŹүҪǼҹʲô񣿿
ʿﻹǰߣ
ǡӡ
ȲȹߵС

ټһ䷿Уһ¹ֳһֵ߷Χڣһ̲Ѫ
һֻССţ
¹ӻǲ͡
ʲô񣿡
ֿԶ϶СӾԶ
Զˡ
ҧأӽȡԼСӡ
Ů۵׶ŭ⣬ѵõط
ǡ
ҳ࣬ιӡ
л˵
~
~


64 
ֵ, ѾȻع˷šǰǷʿ棬ͷ
һյĳϣС, ȫעСУ˵ȥӡ
ֵһζ˼ǿҵɱģҲһ, СӣһӵĽϡ
ӽôһӣɫ΢, ˼
еĽڵѪ, һӵѪ
ȻֵƯŮ, Ȼɱ, ü
˭֪˭
Сֱ˹ȥ
ҹ˭
۸Զ, һƵܻԭ֪ͣЩʲô
ˣ͵ôˡ
ֵĴӻغܿ, ʿ̧񵲵˲, 첲һ, ·ʲô谭, һ̣ʵʵһӴϣշɳ, ݺˤڵϡ
ǷʿУһ
üһ, һʿ, ˵ɾʹˣ
ʶʱ, ûǶŸɡ
Ҳһ㶣İ˴ˣΪҪ໨һ򣬱Ͼ˵ľ黹ǲ㣬Ҫĥĥ
Ӵӵֵ
걧ֱۣϣӭߣҲƤȴǶŵϵС°͡
Զ
Сӱ£ԶʱŶŬ˳
ӿһ۾֪ʲôЦ
һֱӰˣҲ֪ôһָֻǱһͷĺӡ
ǡ
ɢеĿ̺ͣżǿɱһֱӳֶ
ÿ춼ҪʶʦͶʦֵĽǰ⽣ƣܿɲҲõġ
ҡһ˳СϮĽһ
һ죬ֵĴҿ˽棬ԼһɵĶδϡ
ȻʿͲˣֽŶˣȫֽվţӵĽϮٶ֮죬Ӧùģֻһ˲ʿѾҽһɳ
Ѿ롣
ֻͷƳǷʿһ߬СӣȻԭ֪С
ԭȻںɱĽڽ档
ȫԭԼʵ֪
ԭǽʿһ
ЩãȻأ߬С룬ԼĴù
Ȼ֮أһԼ֪ˡ
ϵСأʿע
עⲻĿľֻСӣֱӽһѳ߿ֱӽСӸڷһˡ
Щ¡ӵͷȥץСӣֱָһ㣬һɫСȦ׵Сϡ
һֱָڻ
ŵջֺ
ʴǣ޻ħޣ
ħ޾˵ùȥˣʵɵħ޵зʽ׷ϵģԾǿɱҲǲڡ

Ӧر죬˵ħޣ
նأ·ԼǸħһ
ӿֵŽ䱸
ʿʿ֣ѹϡɽʿԿΪħޣδֵõá
ο
ӿ󣬺аԣΣյĸоη塣
ով֣ȻԼᾭͣӲһӡ
Ȼħޣô׷˴Ҫһ
ӵﻹǡ
Сŵʴ߽áץСӣ޷вˡ
ĻǱˡ
ָָ֣ҵϲʶ㣬Ͱǰ
ֻڷأͷɨ
֮ǰ㣬ôͺˣ
ѵħﶼֵֹĳƺ
һʲֲ⣬ǶҲ費ѡ
ôǿĴںˣǰСӵŮֳ
ƺܴ󣬿ɴֻƤǣ˲ꡣ
ʵ
ӵײǵͽʿһ˲˺ܶ࣬ȷǰ˵ʵǾҪ뷨ȷ
ˣٴγ֡
ֻһ·ǧ֮ƣ֮һжҷ
ǿһ׽µġ
ջڽƵִ˲䣬Ųͬضʯ׶εض״ӿն䣬Ż򽣷档
ֵǰгһǽ߬ӣضŶ档
Ҳ֪ܷ谭ǽơ
ֻǽѾʯ׶ʯҷɣ׻н棬ȴδϽ档ֱնϣȼһػ档
ȻԼʵͶЩࡣ
¾Ͳ̫ðˡ
ࡣ
Цһߵ࣬ͷҳ֣òã
ܣֲԼһսпꡣ
صصͷ
Ǽʶġ
ǿҪǵøͷŶ
꺬Ц˵գִֵĽͳСལ
⻮
赭дһӣȴѶϮĽƳ׻
з·͵ģ·ʲôûСûĽƣûкХȥĽ
Ȼһ̣ǽʿͫһֵ̧Լ
ȴá
ֻһ˲ӱֱӻζϡ
Ѫһأȴֻ
ԼִԼԵġǼµĴڡ
ĻһͰСལֵĽС
°͡
ȥӰɡ
߬Сӣ١۾գһ¡
ſԼԲˣֵ̧ա
ʲôϲ
ջߡ
֪ԼڿʲôڿһǿĴڣҪһ
û˵һŷѿĵƺ£
ϵСϽȦʧ
ֱСӣСһѪǱˣŲ
Զ
ֵС˵塭㡣£Ͼͻؼˡ
С۾գˮ
ҵԶͷŵʯͷء
ֳֻôһν
ɨǵϵӣſڼû˵ķʿ
òҪôһ·ȥɣ
ķֽҲ֪ܴܲôˡ
ҪģȥЩŮǶˡ
ԥ죬Сӡ
Զ֪жǡ
СӴֻһ£ƺһɾһʮͷСŮ
һ£ûѪرǱ
֪
СŮһ죬һԡ
ԶĨȥᡣ
Ѻʮˡǰͷͳȥʮˡ˵ﱾмʮˡµġ
춼Ůȥ
֪ˣôһɲط
Լʵ㣬򲻹ȥ
ʲôء
ֵǰ̧ͷ˵ͷ
ֻ̧ͷ
۵׵ѹͽȫӳ۵ס

ִ˴ֵĶͷ
ǣҰȫɱ⡣
Ѿ֪жһǣôܹ
Ҫǣֻǲϴֵͷӽͳǡ
ӣȴſ죺

ǣԥŷӦֻҪιء
ֲС̡
ۣǰſȴͶιӣܹԡ
ֻǷŵС
ҲСģҧҧָЦѽҧʲô
ûصһۣԼָǰ˻Ρ
ҧҵָˡ
ֱӽˣͷԼָ
ҧ
ûôмƽϣ˵ãָѾĴϡ
ǡҧˡ
ۣҲ֪뵽ʲôЦأЩǿƵؽԼֵָĴ죬ͼҧһڡ
ֵԲۣҧ˭ˣ
˵˶ȴɺסָ⡣
̲ͷȥܿ֡
ӲˣԹԵջָ°͡
Ŷԡ͸һͬʡ
ֹӣЩС
Զһ֣һ֨ԭض
ܸо͸Щֹ֡
վȾСӵѪԶվȳš
ʦָװĵҩ˺һֹѪƵ
СԶι˳ȥƬ̣һѪСԶԼȺ͸첲ķԼһ˶ˡ
ߵӸǰţֻ޷Цһ̧֮ʣֻʣһࡣ
˵ˣҪ࣬ιӡ˵͵԰ɡ
ߵſڣ˳һŲڷʿϣ
ֵõĳŵ֪ﲻ̫æҪľˣǣСԶһȷЩǡ
Ŀ𣿡
ң
üǴģ
ģ
ֻľ͵ͷˡ
ãעʲô
ע
ЦüȾһĨɫ
Ұȫɱˣһ¡
ס
ֳ˰졣
ʲôע
ûȫɱأ
ˡյ˼Ƭ̣һǿǿӣˣһ¡
ע˶Ĭˡ
Ϊʲôעȥʲôעû塣
ҪֹϾܾ
ѡңǡü۵ȴֳɢ֪ģҺ
Ҫң
ּ˲ͷӦˣ˵ǿʦ
һ£ǿʦĻ׿ʦ𣬿ʦ
ҡҡԴ
ƫˡôԴȥ
סֹ˵һע
괹ЦЦ
ûѡҲû
׾Ͳף·ֻôһᣬǾͻɱŰɡ
ֻǿԽܵġ
̵ͷ
ֻƿŵһɲֻ̲ס룬ʲôע
һȷ⣬ŵĻſ˲ŵѪ
ȥ̫࣬춼ѪͽȥһرƽЩ˿סû뵽ҲһʱͱŪˡֻߣһԸսȥˣ
Ȼűƿҡ߳ģȴǷʿͽȥˡ
ˣŮ󻹸һ
˶ųˣѪ
˲䷴Ӧ̰εﻹţȥţ˴ˣ
ֻǻΪ͡
ֻûп壬ջֵʱ򣬸¥˾ʣˡ
ʵ·ѹ
һ·¥ݣһ·һ·ɱѶܽظڴ֣ʿˣ޶˻ᴳ˵ƻصˣ׷׶֡
Ȼ󿴵ÿһΣֻ̧֣һƻ
֮
Դﶼǻ㱵أɱɱ
µ·⳾ɱ̧֮˻ҷ
˵ǿʵЩʿܱġ
Ӹ¥ˣ¥ݣ¥УѾѻʬ|塣
Ϊܽظˡ
ǿóʵȺ赲ģŴߣһܡ
Ȼȴͷ˴ֵ
סǣܡ
Ȼӽзһѷӳ
ֽȻŴЩʿ뿪Ŷȴš
ˣܽظڡ
һ޹ɱ
ǣԶߵ¥£ʯƳһӡ
ŵǳ㣬ü֮ɫֲ١
֪λܽظкָ̣
ӸŰãɨʬҰֳǺݺݳ鴤
̧ͷֺʱۺɱ
̸ָϡ
ɨӣ󻷹һȦڴ˵ʿ˵Ҳмʮˡ
ɱ񫡣
Ǵ˸ģȫɱˡ
ۺЦ⣬ָ̧𣬿Σյɷ
һңҲǡˡ
л˵
~
ϼ~


65 
ץԶ, ˶ɢ
ԶҲǱôһ˵ӣץֵѣ벽롣
Զ¥ִá
¥һ, ѾʬҰ
ӰǿӰӰ֮Ǳȥʿ
˵ֻ˲ϢĹ, ʿ˺͸¥еӣܶһɽˡ
꣬ίʵɲ
ͷ֣Ц˵
ҪǣԶԶǱû, ˿ֹѪ, Ҳȳ, СѾͷµ, ¥߼
𣿡
ִɨ֮СЩߵʿҲѳһɽˡ
Щ, ὣֳַŵ
ɨһۻŵˣСֹ˹ȻǶЩӰ, Ȼһȫɱꡣ
ɱң
ǻŵʿҧƿ, ָԼ˵ڵ, ʦڵĳ, ǲɱң
ҲʲôСţԪӤʿЩŵӵʦ󶼸лƣһ, ͻ֪ӵ
С˾䣺ʲô¡
˵գһƻ
Щлʿǽʿ, δԼᱻйһе顣
, Щŵʿ, Ҳʬȥո߶ˡ
ۺӸ赲ھԵʵѹ£˭޷赲ǰꡣ
һɱ񡣲֪˭ġ
Сӡ˲״治ɫ˹֣֪ҵεﵽ󴦣ס
ҵˡ
˶ɱˣһʱûбְȾѪֵݵǰֱ׳
ȡġˣ̧ͷ
ӵĿϡ
ƯòŮö˲ϡ棬ǰŮģȴɢ׽͸Ϣ˵ģش顣˵ģЩǰߢ
һ޺ġΣ
ΣյȻ֮Ϊˡ
ﻹǣԶأ̧ͷװͰ͵ǻŵӡ
ǹƭ˼ҵŮǻˡ
ӼǣŵСŮˡӱ𴦵õİСѾͷˡɱ
ӹ˹֣ǾʹǸµˡϣףܽظ󣬶Թ˵Ǻ¡
˵Ķԡ
˵ͷ°ֵͣطͲ࿴̫ۡˡ
Ӧ֣ȫɱ⡣
ҲǵʣǶˣʲô𣿡
ӱҭ˵
Ϊܽظɱøɾ𣿡
Ҳǣԥ£ЦЦҪ±ĵַȥɱ
пߣʮ㡣
ǲϲЩˣɱĻӦþͲȥƭ˼ҵĺˡ
һ뵽ΪŮǸģַ·ܿǧĸĸҲȥѰҺӵġ
ϣٿķ
ԻҪһ򾡣ȫɱ˲С
ʵ̫ˡ̾˿ǿһ㣬ܺ԰뿪ܼٵɱѹ
겢δǵЩǺѣɸ˴˼ȥ
ɫһ䡣
ȻףѾ˼ȻˣǰҲûŵıҪˡ
һ̧֡
̼䣬ӳκζֲǿʵѹ
ӱһƻˤڵû˺
ַֻҪûֵĻᡣ
̫ˡ
ֿģĴ
ӽԨˡ
֪ڣԨһĿǰȥԨǿ˰ɡ
ܶô˵ʦҲԨ޼
ô
ֻôһ룬ջ˼˶߰˰ˣǸðЩƭŮǾȳʱ
ǣԶȥţЩŮкǶδ˿ɲѪȳϣڽɪɪ
ȷ˵ģſŸߡ
¥ˣҵʮŮСɣĸͽʿ˵ΪĶ
һ¾ˡְ˶۵һ¥֮УһѪɺӵʬһǿֹķŮǡ
߰ɡ
ԶԴ廹ڵ㡣
Զһֱ֣ۿʼպġ
á
ǣԶ׼ȥš
ܽظĴŽʱǸܷ˿ġƺûʲôѣֻһơ
ȥʱžȻƲ
ߵǰ
󷨡
ָָЩ¥ݣУϵĻͼ
һ⣬˴󷨻Ȼó롣
һ㶣ϸϿ˺һŸӵͼƣһС۾ͷڡ
ҡҡԴ֪ⲻΪܿĴڡ
ϸȻ޴Ӵ򿪡
Ǳ𣿡̽Żһֱͣɢȥˡ
΢΢üĻȵʲô˵ĵֻǵǸ˵Ļܽظ󣬿ֻܲܽظ󡣾ܽ¥ܽ¥һ
һɡ
˸ǷĵһԽú鷳
ô˵ȫİաֿ̬Ⱦİˡ
Խ˻۵һСУָ˲ٵķԷһԶ
ܻлغˣǧ𱻷֡
ԶǸµģָķ۵ǵص˵ͷ
㣬ҪСġ
ֶЦЦת뿪䡣
СܸˡټһܽظȫСˣԵԲĹĵģٸ֡
˲ٷסŨѪԼСӻص࣬
ȴǱȽϿģǾӵģûһۿʼ˯
ֻĴҲͦãָӡ
ְۣôһòۣлЩ⡣
ˣ˯һ
ǿ
ˡ
ϾҪ˴ˣ˯
ȫ׼
´Ҳ֪Щ˻Ǵӵ
ֵȴ˺ܾãõСãˡ
ʵڲУȰɡһϲĵط
ֵСӴô£¥ʼΡ
Ҳһ̰Ѵؿ
ֻǰһ㣬û¥Ϊƽء
û뵽ôЩ¥ɢ
ûʲôӦֵ֪СӲ⣬ЦŹƵط
ָָԱߵСݡ
Уȫ
кööȳˣ¥Ҳûо飬һء
ָָͷɡ
̧ͷǻŲͬɫͼƵƽʻɫһһԵƽͬ˴ƽʻԺΪ
̧ͷһۿȥѹֵĲʸС
ֻһֱӲŷ𣬷ɵֱ̧־һӡ
СҴһãƽֱһء
æطܣͷľµ
ֱӵգյ̧ͷһ۾ܿҹա
ܿҹһЩӰ𽥿
ЩӰҲδ뵽ܽظĸǶˡ
һ㶣ϽԼСܵ
ˣֵʱˡ
ЩӰ콵䣬䵽֮СǶɽʬ˿һ۾ʹĿġ
Ϊ׵һߵʿ
ǶһվܸоȵڿŤ
ļʿһ˵ɨӹ߶ľġ
գգۣû̫ĸо
ϾԨ˼ʮ꣬ϰϢ˵ںͿһ
Щ˵ӡǿ֮ǰЩҪ
һһĻ塣
Ϊ׵ʿŵ
ǣܽظһ
ֱ˵ܽظǺõط͸ûˡ
ͰѴ˴øɸɾ
ֵֵģͷ
һ򲻹ô죿ʲô취Щȫװߣ
Ȼ̧ɨ۶ʿˡ
ſΪ
鷳¡
ֹһ
Ȼ鷳ǻý
ʿƺ˵Ѿúķʱˡ
ûСɱ꣬ú˯һ
궯ֵٶ̫ˣ쵽ʿЩӦиһŽɫķֽĶ
ôһ裬ʿѾӦѸָӡһӡ
ֱĲܵù죬һ׵ĺۼ̷뿪ԭأͬʱͳԼ׷ӳ
¡һ졣
׻
ɫ
ֻ˻֣ȿЩ󣬲ſѾ˶һ
֮ǰɱйϵ׾٣ЩΪߡ
Ѹӳֽ׷ҪǮƵĳȥ
ķƷԵһЩֻЩʹɧš
Щɧž㹻ᡣ
ۣɫ䣬ֳֳʿ֣ƻʿòǱá
ҲκϢĻᣬһƻڶƽӶϡ
֮һб
ЩʿзޣҲޡ
ֿһԶ󣬶˵߬ԼСӼжȥһֱϣ˸ķѣҲҵ˷ɡ
ôһ֣Աߵʿ޷˲䣬ʮĽϮ
һֻһְν
ֽջֵСལҲҹĥ£˱ܵĸ֮ơ
ΪǳֱһУ۵üһҧأ޷Ӧ˲䣬óԼСӣǶýʱοѸٳС̺е׼Щ˵Ľһ
߬СӷǱӴ˺һŷЩû׷
Ըʿˡ

Ӧ
潫ǼʿΧס
ǰէֿ֡еĺһһ̣ʹغ
ӵϿʼȼգյϡ
ǻ档
ɫ׾ǼʿĽ𵤡
Ľ
һˣ˸޷ܵͬʱֱӻǡԵпֱӹඥ£ʿκͫ׷Ŵ󣬼ǿҵʹ֮жϵ˺
ɫڻ֮ظ̧֮ʣǽԪӤʿŽ׼ѿߡ
ˣ˾֮ҲܶԸģ
ΪԶԪӤ֮ϡܽظˣ
𣿡
һԾסȥ·ͬʱ̧һƻʿԪӤֱ
ԪӤʿһѪ³ؿڹڵء
ΪʧҲɢ
һ˹
ǰԪӤʿҲ˲ʲô棬һܣھʵѹ£Ҳòͷ
ǿɲС
ƮƮ˵˵ȫɱ⣬һ١
ʿؿҧء
ǰ˴ȻֻһѰ֮أǰ֪˭
޹ءһʿϣֱڵ
ʿһѪ³˵
ҧأ͸¶һ㣺ǰиΪҲ༫Ϊаɣ
ָԼһŵҩűеļԥ쿿˹ȥ
ſʿĻ
༫༫
˶סˣżЩ
ǳ༫ġ
΢΢üһͷͿʧǵģ鳹׻ˡ
ѵҧгݵؿ˵
Ϲ˵ʲô༫Ӳ˵¡
ʿֻǰҲη˳༫û˿
ǰǲţʳ༫ˣǳ༫Ϊӻ˭£
ѵñ붯ɱˣ±ɱڡ
Ҳš
ֵ˵ҵȵȳȥʡ
ʿһ㶣ʣʶ༫ˣ
ʶʱٶʲôʿеĳ༫֣ȫ޷ܡ
˵˭ģҾȥ˭
ʿһ㶡
˺һ̽˵̴ݡ
ƭˡ
üޱصһۡ
̴ٻҲز
ʶ̴ݼʮˡȻ̴ݲϲ٣֪һ£̴һԼһѳ߶ȵˡ
µġ
ǵһ༫͵ˣЩΧˣʱ̴ֱӲӣ˵ôϵҲˡ
̴ġ
ϤĿǣʿ֤һ¡
ǰŮͳ༫ϵǳ
һú֪ܲζ
̴ݣ
ԥ£ײ¡

οоԳɣ༫ڳ˵ǧ֮ңԱеû¡
˶٣С˾䣺Ԩ϶ġ
仰ֻˡ
ؿ֣ջĿ⣬ԪӤʿһһš
˵˭
ʿĬ죬ֻ˵йء
ֻ˵ͱ첻ˡ
Ҳ˵ģֱһƽУͷЦ
̫Ǹˡ𣿡
ָ˵ʲôϵɻû˵仰أͷӦü
ô֪̫ӣ
治ɫָָС䡣
Ƕϣȥܽ¥ˡ
תƻٶȼ졣ƫƫҪ¡
ҲΣûм׷ʣȥԶ˴Ӷ뿪
ܽ¥ޣֻܽһЩƭŮӱ󣬿ɵС֪Щʲôܽ¥ĴǶš
ʱѾһ˳ȫڼɽԣԺﻹдǣŹȮͲֹ
⣬˵ֱӳ֡
˵õȫɱ⣬ǿһ
ܽظɱѾ죬ܽ¥Ѵ֮׽˼¥ɱ˸ɸɾ
ֺͰԶȥˡܽظʮˣܽ¥ȳģнˡ
ȫǴʮ굽ʮ߰ͣԴһĶûС
ܽ¥ĴŴʱԥ˻ǻͷһŻ
գۼ䣬ܽ¥ڴ֮бյûҷ
ҹĻ˶ǰܽ¥ߵſأֻһһȼܽ¥¥֡
ſڳܳˡ
Ůɣź
ǣԶҿš
壡壡
ʯյĽޣǣŵСŮûסһεε䡣

ԶԼĵȥ
ͷԶ常Ůžۡ
ҹ֮еһܣ֮Уܿۡ
ҹ£ߵ˴䣬վֵ
ִǱһĸŮбȳһٶˣű˴ӵһؿڣܸоԼǿ
񡭡һ˲顣
ֻǡǣԼһĹ¼š
Ϊûм˰ɡ
ִûϵԼʦʦʦ֣Ȼؼȥʦʦֱһͺˡ
֡
ͳƵ
ֻ
ʦᡣ
ʦſ֣ػ
ȫɱˣ㽱ҵӵɡ
ҧŴС˵Ҫġ
˵뿪ܽ¥˲䣬Ͳˡǿʦ
졣ʦɾضſȴ
ôһ˿ԥЦ
ֹԣ뱧㡣
ֱôһʲôû롣
˳̧֣ס˿ʦۿĻС
ţȶᡣ
ᱧԼůеįСЦš
ҵ֣
л˵
~
~


66 
ܽ¥ȳĺǴǴ, ǧЩССߣ˵Լļҡ
һٶŮԼҵҵֻһ롣ûԶ, ܳԼĵߡ
ġڕFԼ˲ȥȺӡ
סĸۡС
ܽ¥ܽظĽţ˺롣˯졣
Ԩô, Ρ
ֱͷ˯Ժء
ʦҫŵĴ̨ǰĿС˯Ůϡ
뿪롣
֧Ĺȡ
̧, , һȥһ, ֵ, 
˯ú
ʱ, ԼеĴǴ򿪵ģ룬յů
ϲ
ߵǰ˸, һػ, ĺܺ, һ۾ܿ
Ҳ֪˯, ûзʲô¡
լۡǰ⼸ԼһЩ顣ʱ۾һҲ˲Լд, ±ʡ
СŮˡ
˵˯˺ܾһȫû˯첻ĸ, Ͼһɹ̫˯ĺꡣ
Զأ
һ·, ˼ֻլʹӡ֪ʦںδ, ҲûпԶ
˵ϸ簡ȥˡ
ŬŬ죺ܽ¥ˣͷˣͷ˵ĻšϸȥԽϣɱȥˡ
Ȼˡ
˵ԣӦܽ¥˶ɱòˣٰЩ˵ĻɱӦû൱һʱ̫ƽɡ
ֻ£ܲҲ֪ڱĵط
ԥ죬ײ֪黹ô
ƺԥ˱裬һϹֵĶ档
СŮѵ룬еĺڰ𣿡
ֱŲ豭˳ͷ
ôġ
˵Ѳѣ˵Ҳ򵥡
˼Цѵ˵ʵȨĹ˼˵м١Ǵ˽Ϊ˼ʿҲΡ
˵ϵȨ˱ʵ޴
ȴһ¡
Ǹʿ˵ҡ
֮˾ǡӵȨأ
°͡
˵Ҳûпܡ
Щªʿһ𣬱Ͳʲô򵥵ˡһʼ֪ΣֹλʦſɲǻΪġ
ʵҲˡ
ټܽ¥Ϊƽءеһѻոɾ
죬Ȼûκ˸˳鵽լǾʹҪô˼˶ɱˣҪôЩ˸ǲֹͿʦ
֮䡣
ѪҲڲסġ
ϵȨҡ
ִ뿪ʱˡ
˯죬˯ߣܽ¥ѹ롣ΥʡȻôΪٴܡ
ҡ
̲סȥ룬Ҿʲôزһ̫ӱ׷ɱǰǱֺڰӵΪ
ûǸʿ˵ѡϾͷ˵ǳ༫ƭȥŸĿڵ 
Ϊʱǰʿ˵ʲôĲԼ˵ľ滰ء
滰Ÿͷۡ
ټլߵͥһػԵʯͣ
պڴ˼䣬ůůġ
֪Լʲôֻ΢ĻζԼһϤϢԼ̧ͷ
ϵĿʦ£ŽɫͼƵߣҲԵøᡣ
㶵ؿ
Ļĺᡣ
ʱɹϵů
ָоԨʱ
һֻҪߵ̰
ʦĬĬעǷŮеһ˿ӯء
ⱻ˵ڵࡣ
ȥɹ̫𣿡
˵ʡ
գգۣͷֿʦ
Сȵ˵ͷ
ʵҲûк룬ǲ֪Ϊʲôʦô˵ˣеˡ
§һ㡣
ֱΪڸոǿңû뵽˴ԽǰԶһñͦ|ϡ
ץ˵䣬صͷ
øߣʮɸߵĴֻͷ¿һۣǳضӳһжøС
ֻ֦ͷȸౡ
ʦܿһţʼշͷת˸ȦѰһ֦¡
ȹڷ
ʦҲѧĶϥ¡
һҶ䵽ǵĻС
ŤͷһԼĵ⡣
ôһֱûг
뿪ܽ¥ڣûмꡣ
ʦƺѾԤϣ赭дҪϢ
գգۣŶһ
˵ҲǣϾܽ¥ܽظɱôˡҲпݽߵʱɡ
ֻ֪ܺ˵ʲô𡣻һڿܵĽ
ദĲ
ʦ
룬ĵ˵ͷ
ܲ
ʵԶ̫̫࣬ܽظȴһĺӣʼָӡẰ㣬ẰˣΣյʱʼվǰ
һʱʱ̶̿Լһˣڵĸо
ϲָо
ʦƺЦЦЩǳ
ܲĻϲʲô
⻹ԥˡ
Ҳ֪Ҫ˵ϲʲôĻ
ϲҡ
ʵʵ𰸡
ʦ·ûԤϵ𰸣ĬƬ̡
ᣬֻҪ㣬ͻϲ𣿡
ֱϥǣӭķۡ
ǵİɡǰϲԨϲС
ߵ
һֱšЩգҺܻɢ
ñԨñСǡ
˽ʦǲòһ£ߵʱܰġ
ʦַ֣ϲһɫ
֪ˡ
˵ͳش𣺡Ҳɢ
Цúܿġ
Ǿ̫ˣȻʦͻȻţĻһֱĻҲϲϲİɡ
ȥҪ̨ӮööǮȻʦȥ
ֿʼͿʦ˵Լļƻ
ʦһֱؿֱֵ֡ͷ
ã㡣
˯һ⼸ݵ
õһݳŵζЦŵġ
֣ʦʼ࣬˯һֱ̫б
ԭĻһֱѽ
ֱʦŷ併ʱڿʦϴ˴
ܸˡ
ݸ˳ǣŮͷ
·һսһѶѪͬѪܵĽ
˵ʲôǸɾģǾǱǣŵԶ
Сﻻһȹͷ˲棬ĺƯ׾СŮһһȾΨ͸ǣŵ֣մȾѪ
ֹ
˲żÿֺͿʦɿ֣Զ
Զԣȥֽл
Ц֣׼ȥǣԶ
Ӧʹһĺӡ
Զǰ¶һЦһԡ
Ȼ˫ֽ˾ȥ
һ㶣æȥ
лֽԶߵףλ硣
ֶڵϣԶС˵õлƽͺá
˵ֻ֪ԶϾʲô˴ԼŮе֪һ£֡
ԶϵԽԽ֪ǰɾӣ̫СԾ
˽һ꣬ʮһ꣬Խ͵ܽ¥һƷʯ
ԶСЩ˴ѧԡ˺ü죬͵ܽظ
ܽظĶʿһ۾ܿǰ
Ҳˣøݣ˵Ҫͷϡ
Զ˺öΣ󻹱
ֱֻܽظһ죬и˵Ҫקȥ
˵ʱԶ̧ͷˣҵʱ˵ĿʲôǸӺרɱҪ˭ȥ
־ġʱִ¥СԶȣٳһ

ģ
°ͣ˴𣿡

һ㶣̲סʣô֪
ʵȻǸˣΧʿȻ֪ʿΣ̫ʿˡ
ֵðȥһ滻ʿĽ𵤣û°ɡ
ԥ£ڼзƵ顣
ڲҵǱҲ˼¼ġ
ǻ˵֮ǡ
˷
ʦֵ
ֲ
˵µھˣںˣ
ԶҲŵ˵ͷ϶ߡ
Ǹҵ˵һûõҺ˵Ҫҽ㶼ץˣ
⻰һһ£ʯЩѡ
ĸҧء
֮ͽ
һŮܴĥѣʹ飬˾Ȼ뽫Ůץˡ
ɶ
ֺػͷʦ
Ǹӣǽʿ𣿡
ڡ
ʦһ׼ȷĴ𰸣Ľް
ָ̧ŵҪҧذס
ë
ֺ飬գۣԹԷ֡
Ҫʲô
Ҳ
ʦֵͷƵ
Ļһá
̧ͷſʦ
øճǵٴʧȥ
ʦؿ֣ĿƤϵһĨ֬ɫϡ
ü
ʲôϵ
ʦ֪뵽ʲôЩ̫꣬ƽ
йҵ𰸵ġ
ġ˲ɵøˡ
ŮǰԶ£Ů᲻Ҳ¡޴ӵ֪
ܸоԴ˵Ľǡ
Զ
ôСĺЩġ廹֪ټŮ᲻ҲΣգ
ֻô룬ܣ޷ȥľ
壬ȥҴŮǶŮз𣿡

˳Ĭҡҡͷ
ҡ֪
ĴŮŮ֪δң´

Զǣǣ˵ӣԥ˺һ˵ұʱ˵кö͵ȥˡ

һ㶣һ
ŮҲǰʼûټ᲻ᡭҲ͵ȥˣ
ȴ仰ȷһ¡
ϵȨҡ
ֹ
վֹ˹֡
ȥ֪ɷ͹ͬС
ǮƣҲЩ£Ը⹩ǲ
ֵһʱʹӦ
û⣡
䣬˻һ
ʦ̸֣ôˣ
̧Ƥ
ۡ
ոƤ桭ѽ
Ƥϻۣ̲ס룬С
ʦֵ֣ԼָһĨ֬ɫϣ֪Ƭջ֡
ޱ˵
ڡ㡣
л˵
ⲻ~
~


67 
Fһµ˼, ʦ뿪˼졣ͳ˺ö죬вҵϢ׼ʱ, ӣһӦ롣
Щһ·ΪѰɱֵĻ, Ҳ
ר׼һƥţڿռ伫ܷһ, , һʳе졣
ֻװ, һĿնƬ, һͣլſڵƥŵ, ɺþãΧת˸Ȧ
ⶼһСˡ
֮ǰҪöࡣ
˴ͣվڵһԱ, δϽ̤, ƼֻΧȥ
СŮ, Ǹ׼, һǸϸСֶŮġ
룬ֱЦ΢
ġСŮԼȥ
ڴ󣬲ò, Ǯá
ȻҪ׬Ǯоͻܷ㡣
أϰߵĿʦ, Ȼ, Щϰߡ
ҲСŮȥԼ
һ⻰Ͷˡ
·һ̨̤, ȥų׼ʱŷ֣ܸߣȫҪվžܽȥ
ƿʱ̲סָпǮá
ҲŪôһʦȥ̯Ļͻ᷽ܶˡ
ǰƿ߽ȥžͿУϲŵˡ
һ׵īĵѣӡŽɫߡ
һ̫ϤǿʦĻֻ㱼䶼ҪԨ֡
ϰС齵ġ
Żȥʱܿ˯Сϵˡ
һ죬һ˯
ʦƺδ˯ţֲ֣ΪҲҪֶ˶٣ȴ޽Ƿ˿ϣƼȦ
𣿡
ʵȴƤϵһĨ֬ɫ
ҡҡͷСϵλã
⼸ƤżۣǰƵһЩ
ʦ˵˾ֻСˡ
ֻǵõʱСֿʱ˵æеġ
֪Լɽׯʮꡣֱʮ꣬ᱻҲǺ顣
ôڴˣƤϻЩۣż֮䶼һ뿪༫һʶѡ
ֱʦǶԷѰķʽ
ֲףԭദʱ䲻ʱʮ֮ҲûбԼǡ
ò˵Ƥϵ֬ɫʱЩĵġ
Ҳܿ겻ˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôòҵõ
۵׵ڴԿɼġ
ʦСһλãȥ
ȴҡͷܾˡ
Ԩһֱˣڶûǰˡ
ôѾʻ·
˴еʹӻڶ࣬һпʦ壬ֶûԭһʱĽš
ʦҲȽϵĮż˵⣬һûʲôڸУܵ͵ˡ
ȴм£ʳȡ⣬һ֡
·£Ժġۼġʦôʣˡ
ֿϣĳַ·ǰģһ㶼ƽء
ڳԲɹ̫иС
ǳһĴ峿ıůŽɫľɫ߸ǽС𽥱ɽֵһķ¥󡣱ڳԲʱҪݡ
Щؿʦ
ò˵Ȼʶʱ䲻Կʦһµ˽⡣
ǸĬأȴһвˡ
ѵȻҲжʲô¸ȤҪ֪ʲôʱ
ĵûС㡣
ִδСĴڡ
ȻָоܺܿͻСġڴ֮ǰҲԺԼڵˣһһ
뿪뿪ǰĵطʱʶĵһˡ
ֻյĵ˵ǺӣбȥĶѨǱ˩ţβꡣ
¶һЦݡ
ǸˣβͺƯ
ֱ˵Сйصģȴһ䣬ʦȴ׷ʵ뿪ʱûΣգ
Σգһ㶣ںб׵ĺ¡
УŴ꣬һƮǺӡָ˵֣뵽Ǻǳ༫ĵ̣Щؿʦ֪ǺӵĴڡ
ãʦԴ˲޷Ӧ
룬´꣬죬εһա

ԭںԼ˵غ󣬾һ뿪ˡ
ֺ˵ںƯЩʱ򣬲СķˣˮסʱЩµġ
ãʱһۣڻ谵ĶѨ֮УС顣
ʦȴ˵˾䲻صĻ
ϲˮȴҪˮ·Ϊ뿪ֵ𣿡
ֲϲˮʦҲϸ֪ˡ
ԥ£ʵʵ˵ˡ
ʱһߣʲôסҡֻҪ뿪һжֵá
ʦ𰸣ֻǵͷһ鶹ˡһ֣ȴ·֪ķ
˵ŻЦ˳
ҵʱ״̬ڻܸоЩԾҺˣҺ˺ööѣ㡣
û˵ڳ༫һʱ⣬Լ𾪡ԭǶʱ䣬·ʬ⡣
Ǹȫûлĺꡣ
ûã뿪֮һ˻ҲѺʦŵ£ÿĶˡ
ֶԿʦЦú𡣴һμ浽֣ʦʼնһסˣĵģеˡ
˵ˣҪһֱġ
ܻϲ
ʦֵЦȴأÿһ·֮ʹ
ǡ𡣡ɳƵģֶ۸С
ص˵ͷڸʦָ㡣
ҳʱС㣬СһڶѨΪѧ˻
Сҵɽҳ飬ѧ˺öö࡭
ʦһؼңʦʦ̵ֽңСǡСǣ̲ס̾СֹҲ֪ںһʲôʱҡ
СҲ˵Ҫһֱġ뿪ɾʱԹȥֻܽԨߡ
ڴźСطꡣ
Цſʦ
ǵĺ档ôǱҪ˰ʱ߳һǾͰҡ
Цһ㣺ʶ㡭ĺá
ʦߣܵһʱ俴ı飬ĸ֪¶ֵѵֱ׵ĻûκεķӦ
Ҫ˵ӦĻǾָ˶ȴЩַ̧ܵסߡ
һ㶣񡭡ˣ
ǲһ˵ǲЩ뵱Ȼˡ
ֵЦܿʧͷָһ𣬴ֱԥ죬ѡ˶ܡҴƿǰСץһԼϣýԼס
ˣ˯һ
ôһ䣬ԼԴؽ
ֱűϵ廨ͼơ
Լÿ죬Ȼΰɡ
ԭΪϲõˣֻѽ
ֱۡ
ʦԼ˼УֵĻʱµŮѾһ·˯ˡ
һǾġ
ʦŽűӱ𣬷ϡ
Լԭλãš
ζָո˵ÿһ仰
˵Ļϲһش
һ֪󣬻ϲ
ֲΪʲôϲ˻һֱһ
ͲȥˡҲ̫Ϳʦ
ԼǶԷĲܽܡ
֮ǰû¶κζĲϲǺϲһġ
ֳĬſڴ̨ǰ
Сꡣ̫ϲ
ֵһǣǿʦָŵӣƹ
Ȼִ·Ǻϲġ
ЩЩʦ֪ǲǿˣʼմϸá
ڷ˵ʱҲᰲϣСᣬ
ֻǻżȻԶͷʱǡôĸƹһСӡ
ֵл֣Ȼûʲô˵ġ
Կʦ¶ЩĵһЦݡ
ʦУΪУĬ
޴ֵĸоָһ㣬֮гһɫš
۾ɴ
ʱϲźŹǷ߳
·֪һУ˳Ŵ⿴ۣ£°ʹļϡ
㣬𣿡
·ÿμ˵һ䡣
ȴЦϡ
ţˡ
ںͿʦʱ룬ǿĻҲܸһ׼ȷĴ𰸰ɡ
Ҫе֣ô˵һµģԸ⣬޷ֻܺһ֡
ӿĳ֣ʼŵЦݣʦȫС
ⲻһð취
ʦ
˶Աȣˡ
˵ҪЩ𣿡
ֵһ֣
뿪ܽ¥ڣҲʮûмˡ
ˡ׽ֵ֣ЦҪԼ
ףֲδ˳ĶǵָûƤ˰ɣ
˵ĺۼôһȷİ
ɿֵ֡
ʱ㵹ǷӦ졣
ֹӣؿ
öŶ
ⲻ˵ƽﷴӦ
ҲǷӦֻǺܶණϤҪһʱӦ̡
ڳ༫̫꣬ȱʶˡ
Цӡ
Ŀȴڶ氲ǵĿʦϡ
·ƣͷֵļ򣬶Կʦü
ʦµ˫İ࿴һ۶ܸоƵĺ⡣
ƫƫںֵļϣ
ڲʲô𣿡
Ϳʦͨʲô֪꣬ȴƫƫ֪ʡ
ֵǲô췢ĲԾĲԾڸոȰ˵Լ󣬾Ѿʧˡ
⣬ֻεسŬŬ졣
ꡣ
вٻˮӣݵȵҲЩ
ټͲϲ
죬ܻ鲻õġ
ˣҲϲ
²غַ
Ҽǵһұڼ볡Уҵϸ˾ʮŵʱ꣬˿ڵĵطͦ۵ġ
Һɣﶼ꣬Ц֪һ뿪ʱ볡
ֱȻһ¡
ȫҵѪˮĺᰡ
һ㶣ַ̧Դ
ȴСһ㣬ʼ֡
ֿ۵׵Ц⣬ں·ֻ˵һ޹ҪС¡
죬ȴ֪ԼӦ˵Щʲô
۴֣ȿ۵׵ۺЦſֱۡ
ңǾͱҡ
ɨʦߺߣǷҵŶ
ﻹ֪˵ʲô˼
ָԼõǸӵ
ʱ˿ʦ
Ǹӵĺᣬ˲Ͱв
ջ񣬶Ҳſֱۣ§ס
˲Ͱֲϣأ·һ㣬ϡ
ͿʦȻͬһӵ
¼ţǱˮеΨһľݣεҪӵ
۵ӵ
ְһɿʱϻǹɵЦ⡣
⣬е˺ܲŶ
ƵĶſʦü
ôҲϲ𣿡
ʦɨꡣ
Ҳϲ㡣

۾գһ£˵ɣҲϲ㡣
ԸоʦͿ֮У·ǽŵġ
Ƿ·˵Ĵڡ
һµİᣬһһſ
ԼǵãʦҪǸӵʱ򣬸Ϳ졣
ǶԱ˴˵񣬷·ʵʵġ
ƿߣȵֵ
֣ϲңϲ
һ㶣ʲôֵ⡣
Ǹֵ⣬ʦҲ߷ϣƺǼõȴŴ𰸡
ƿߡ
ʦϲġ
˵ϲܵĻĿ
ǿ۵׶ڴڴĴ𰸡
ԥƬ̣˵ϲ㡣
ϲϲˡ
ϲˣϲܵġ
ʦ𰸣һӣ¶Ц껹δü˵ͱһɺֱߡ
һ㶣ڿץ˼£ʲôҲûץ
Щյؿſʦ
ǿʦͿ֮ѹƹϵ
˵ųͷų˵߾ߣûκɡ
Ȼȴֻǳ˾䣺ϲʲô
ϲʲô
ĹĵؿϣֱЩ֮⡣

ʦ·ûбܾԾŲֵࡣ
ÿһ
Ҳûкǿƣ޴ɱܡ
ϲʲô
ɳһһ׷ʡ
Ҫ
ֻͷߣǱǿƵĴڣʱ·ǱҪ΢ġ
ִŵҪõһ𰸡
ԥƬ̣Ż˵Ҳͦá
ΪϲѽϲһҲϲġ
˵ϲ󷽷ûа
ʦЦ
УҲϲ𣿡
֮⡣
ֻϲϲģһֱδ
ҲֱԲ䡣
㲻ϲҡҲϲġ
ꡣҾһòԣȻΪҲϲ㡣
ͷ࣬ЦЩᣬҲϲԼ
ϲꡣ
л˵
~~
~


68 
ֺͿʦعںˡ
ʦ⸬, ʾ׽
ϲϲˡ
ӕFǳǰֱе㵣;л᲻Ѱ
ʿҲ, ־ܽǷˣӕFǲϵĻҲѪ֮϶ᾭһսġ
̫ϲ顣
, ߹ǳأҲδ⡣
ִֻʣ·ˡ
ǵִ˾֦ǡ
ʱգµʱ, Źȥ, һµʱ䡣
ʱԣ, Ծѯ˴, ֦ʱͣ졣
, һ
Ȼڿռ㹻󡣵һ·ȫЩȤġ
ʦ٣˶ʱ, Ҳܰ
ǲ, յ, һҿջ, ջ׼ʳһš
һ·֪Ǹⲻ, ֵ׼ţ⣬Ҷ
ҶӲˡ
ǿʦȡһС, Լϲδز, һһ, ز˵ŵֱֵߡ
ʱһ׼ȳȣǰرʦһز˵ӣ̧ͷ
ߵ˿沿ֻ
ٳһ㡣
Щɡ
̫ҶӲˡز˶˵ǻ˵ĵ׺
ǿʦٻЩʲô
ӣһز˳ˡ
Ҳûвóԡǲ̫Ŀζ
ֻԶ˵ʱһزˣôҲ
֪䣬һСز˶ôˡ
˺ԶǱߵǲͬԶزˣ٣˺˰죬ȰŮ˵̫ˣǿǿųôڡ
ҧҶӲˣֿŮģ֪Ϊʲô뵽ʦȰҶӲˡ
񡭡һ
¿еĲˣͷſʦ
̫𣿡ԲҪҶӲˡ
ûʲô仯ѽ
ʦ⣬ͬ˺ŮЦ̫ƫʳˡԵûʲôá
Ŷ
ֺͦϲֵġ
ǰûô˵һֱֻôġ
Ȼϲ˶˵ˣҲǲԳԡ
ְѿ˵С󷽷ݵʦǰ
ҳˣ
°͡
ʦӹС¸һݡ
Ѿʦͨѧ˿佱С˳µһݵݸһҲѵ㣬𣿡
һز˶ѡ
̽ӹһ⣬ٳһڲˣÿʦС
ʦЩ㱣ԭֻҪպ˵ķʽС׾ܺá
һٷֺԶԵá
һСĻԶˡ
ֳԶ˾һʳǣԶ׼ȥͷɢɢ
ԴûκϾʦϸ綼ڡ
뵽ͿʦԷСѾͷ
ˡ
Ƕߣ𣿡
ɲһ˱°һ·ûѰ£һô£أ
̼ȺȥҲҪǳȥɢ
Щ
ǹϵĻ̫ˡ
˵ĲһˣţǺƺƵһȺʹӴӵš
û취˭̫߹ء
һҡӣޱȵ
˵ݸ߹̫ʱǵǸӣ˵˸ˣ⡣
ϵĲɡ
ȷֿʦϸڣûĶֻһ
˻١
ûˡ
ǣԶǰضŽֱߵĸ̯λ
Ϊʲôţӵѽˡ
ѾԱˣôҲȥġ
룬Ҫתһתתһʱʱһ
ţƿߣʦֵݸ̯ʮͭǮһţװֽ֮Уҡҡ
˳ԡ
ִһЦء
ġ
ʦûƭϲꡣǰ׼ţϲ
Զǣֵ֣ͷۿʦȻ̵̻ջߡ
еġ
ֽ㡣
ԶС֡
Ǹߵĸ磬ʲôѽ
ʲôˣ㶣ԥ죬ŷԼʦ޷һȷ

ϲĻǾǺѲǡ
ˡ
նԶ˵
ԶЩ죬ԥһҲΪ磬ǽδ򡣡
δ򣿡
һİĴʻ㡣
Զֲ֪δ˼Ǹ͡
ΪԽܺðǼҡǰԶƺ뵽ԼϵǣЩѹǰı㣬Ͷһ綩˻顣Ǹ춼ңóԵġ
ҳ棬ǸҲں棬ϲʲôʲô
ţЩԥʣģδ𣿡
óԵģȥҲں棬ϲʲôʲô
ԭδ
ûסͷۿʦ
Ǳżˣ·ԶĻֻͷ˲䣬µ˫ۣĿԡ
ջߡ
͵˷ˣ
Զ͵С٣ֵⱨ϶Ļش
ǣ
汻һЩΡ
֪ʦ֮Ĺϵȷǣ֮϶ûлԼ
ʦˡǼ⣬СӺ˵ģ⡣
ʦһ
ȷСӡûѧЩʲôʲ֪к壬Щɡ
ԺԺٽ
ôһ˵Щ棬ԶɣԶǸӣø١ԶȻлᣬиһЩġ
𻰱ֻµõĻ뿪༫Ҳûпˡ
ҲȷȥЩĵʱԿ
˵ɾ͸ɣСѾͷǰ浽ᣬǵѽ⡣úõأô뵽Ҫȥˣ
ҲͿʦдһ㡣
뿴ˡ
ʱպ˿εʱӿ벻ٵ
ǣԶҵᣬ̧ſżȴ˲ߡ
֦ǾԶҲܿĴٹˣŮ
ˣҲδǰŮ㣬Ư˲Ҷ࿴۵ľɫ
б˵˺ֵܶ࣬ĽȻֳ붼İ
ֻǣԶԷȥ顣
Щò׻ع㿴ҿ㡣˴жжԱ˴˵Ȼ
һķʽǿ֡
ֳģͽҩ޹صģǻ
ַʽ飬˺һҲ
Զȥƹæ
ԭѽǰ鶼ڲû˻æڳ䣬һӪĵط
̧ͷȴϲ͵͵Ͷߡ
һ㶡öѽǷˡ͵
Щ̫ϰߣŵƿߡ
ȴ֮еȻһ䡣ոЩ͵߶ʧˡ
ʶ̧ߵѾ˹פ㡣
Ҳ
˵
һҲûʿʦô֪Ҫʲô
ţʦҲ֪ܲʲô
ǻвȾˣԶ볾
˭֪ȴסһ٣СԼļϡ
ֺնʶץ˵ļ
ļܿڼͷ
ֹϡЩЦ⣺أ
ֲԼʲôģһߣĶһЩʲôμ飬Щڵײ㷭Ļȫߴѷš
רлֵãõ
ȡ飬˸⡣
ͷָ˴ˡ
õˡ
ʦǵڱ䣬ôߵǰ
߻ΣյˣֱƯŮķȴĺг
ʦһ·ߣЩһ·ãһûзΣյ·
ֽƹǰ˵ݳӣһʽס
뿪ᣬһɹȻ
Զ
ԶѾԼ˳ҿߵĴ磬ֵֻ
ڣȥҵ
ֻعʱ˴ŮʹֻѾˡ
ʣͿʦڻС
ִ˴

¡
ƮƮС꣬ڻȴȫķѹͷ
ֽŲŵأﻹ飬ˣûԶԼδԶ
ȴ֣ǣ֡
߰ɡ
Ҫȥ
ΪҪȥȴǣֻŽֵƵߡ
;Сʳģһݣһֻֽ档
ֵõֽ𰣬һӰ׵Ժ󣬰ֽ𰣬һֽô档
ԣʦȻһԾɵһɽͷ
ƽɽƺ㹻зݵأֽá
ǣֽߣקֽܡ
󣬿ʦֽ𰣬˸ֽϡ
ֽڳѧֽУȵϿС
קֽߣһһߺ𣿷𣿡
ûлͷһηֽ𰣬֪ǿԵ˵ġ
ۺЦ⣬Žȴ˷ܵСﱳӰ
ˡ
ϲѣΧɽͷ˺üȦȤҡС꣬ҧֽһ·񱼡
ʦгһӰ顣
׳Ӱ飬Сֽϲȫ¡
ܵʦʱȴסӹֽߣͷֽ𰡣
Ŷһֱܣûлͷء
̰˿ʦͷеֽ𰡣
˿̵ķպãֽȵƮգһһ䡣
ֵȫֽߣǣֽߣȻ
ûߵĻֽɵĸ𣿡
ᡣ
ش𣺡ֽ𰲻߱ԼҪߵǣȱһɡ
Ŷյֽ𰡣Ϊûߣֽɵøء
ʦǣߣһֱܣûжֻżקһקֽȵʼġ
һ̣ʦɿ֡
ߴ뿪һֽڿҡҡλƬ̣׹䡣
ֵɴۡ
һлߣУƿ£ֽٴηա
ֿЩ㶡
ԭֽҪߵǣܷɵøѽ
δֵءֻµƣ˵ƣɿ־ͻɵʣҪߵǣ
ԭǲһġ
Сɽ˺һֽ𰣬ֱƻ轫ˣÿʦȥ
ִջʱǣԶҲջҡӣЦһ⣬ڸ˴شûͱһСӾ̲סߡ
δ䣬Ϳżջ֡
üӴСŮȥĶһȦ
ֻﻹֽأԺ棺ô֪ȥˣ
Ҳɣֽɡǣߣֽ˺ܾõģ
ЦĹ̾
ֹͷˡ
ķ٣һ·񱼣ŷܣͱ紵㡣
̧Լķ٣Ȼһϸ鷢
ֱǣŵԶɰĻ٣顣
ֽ㣬õͷɡԶ˵ɻͷˣ㡭ǵͷġ
֪֮ǰ˵ҲΪͷҡô˵Ļᾭ浽ͷ㰡
ͷ
ʦصջָһ㣬һľС
ᡣ
Щɵؿſʦ
𣿡
ͬɻĻˡ
⡭Сͷ˵ͷһʦˣĻ𣿡
ᡣ
ȫǻŮͷģľᣬϣķ٣Ƕŵȷ
дľһ
ǶҲͦءǰͷˣҲԨˡʦӣᷢģҲԨ
˵ͷʱ˵ģ
СŮǰ˭ͷģ
ҲȤקһֶ档
Ҿѡ
˶Կʦᷢܺ棬̲סʣʦˣǰҲͷ𣿡
š˳Сͷȴδ˵˭
ȴһѣСŮѿˣ
ѽָҪͷͷڿʦأΪҪקۣȴɿֵٶȺܿ죬·ԤеҪͷһ
˽һߡ
һСͷɲǾѵĹϵ
Ҳŵͷֻ޺Ůͷ
ɻ󣺡ͷѽ
ǾͲˣûʲôܸһСﾭͷ
Ц˵ǷһֻԼŮͷ
Ůͷ۰ͷз޹뷿֮֡
СŮͷ˿϶㵱ŮǸǲǰĽɻ飿Ŷԣʿ˵ǽ
Ųǡ
̷£ƮƮ˵ǰ˳ɻ飬᲻ҪˡȥҪҪҳɻ顣
ۣСŮģر׷ʣȻأͬˣ˵˳ɻ飿
ֻɽѪ֮УԨ֣ҪҪȢʱնĻش
ڻͷЩʹġ
˵
ֻ䣬ظоԼͷţܾûĺۼˡ
ͷ𣿡
˴ߣһжڵס
µСֻᷢǳĬƬ̺ƺĵ˵Ҳ˵ġ
ֲ⡣
ʲôģ
ɻΨһ취ʦƵ˵ûֻ
л˵
ˣ
~
ϼ~


69 
Ĺδκſ塣
ұʿһ, շȨҪȹʿڵĵλͲڹڡ
ҲԸ, ţҲ߰ʮľ롣
Ĺǳеġ
ּĳ, ֵȷǹ˴ԵĳǳѲصĻҲ࣬ѲһһС롣˵Ĵ, Ҳ֮ǳеҪöࡣ
һ֮ɡ
ƿ, ųſ, ɸп
ǵ֪ʿĽŷʯʱ, ˲鶼ʧˡ
ʯ, 㹻ȥˣ
ǮĲźɰۡ
Ψһοģǵ˹, Լɡ
һƷʯ
ĳӳֱ볤
, ˴ĸûʸ𾪵ˡ
ס, 󶼼ԡżЩ, Ҳûе˿һۣŽӲӻ۵ĵز
󳤹ǽġ
еӹ, кöǡС
󳤹ĳӡǰһιΪ
ԽɲٿˡרŸֲһԺ䣬ʮŮӡСסЩʱ
ֻڴ˼ϴ, ΢ϢƬ̾ȥ
ѾԼ͵, һƷʯ, Ϳˡ
ȴ˵ǿջæأԼǼġ
ʵҲȷˣֱֱˣֻǵͻʱ䡣
СԺŮź׵һͲͲͶ⣬ûʳӦоСмɵŮ淭
һС߾ȻܷôֵֹĻɫֳСȴҲúܿ졣
ʱֻ֣˴淭˸ͷСŮȥǰԺ˵ǿˡ
һƷʯ
ֽСȹСŮĲ
ƹͥԺһӲߵǰԺС
ǰԺſţӶŲˮֽȥʱƼֻ⼸ûˣԶԼʦ
Щ㱣û뵽ִ춼ûмʦˡ
ڷУ¡
ɵãʦʱգۡ
⼸ûмƺҲЩģ֡
֮ѽΣλϯ˵ģڿʦǰôǷСҲûǸӡ
קһӣյָǰ
ڿʦ࣬˵࣬ʵм仹һĽԲĸ߼һ̣װһӡ
˺Զǵ࣬ýռˡ
ôק˾롣
λǸˣջæǰѼλˡ
һص·Ҳ˸ˣ˵Ҳرع˹֡
Щϰߡ
ϰǲϰߣǸ˵ĻҪ˵

һ㵽ߵˣֵҸˡ
治ɫСŮһƷʯɲǸСĿĿǰò
ֵԲۣض
ͬһ£ô࣬ΪǳʱԶŵǸˣû뵽ǣ
֮ǰʯҪһƷʯ𣿣
Сίصͷͷҡ
Ҳ֪ȫˣ㼸ʯ
ÿ
ȥƽ
һֵͷǶ֪ܲҪʹˣ̲סЦ
˵СŮܲܶеΣӲܽǮƵⰡ
ѾͳӲӵСӡ
ܽ㣬Ҳõ顣
զ࣬ûˡ
СŮ˵ҪģһǻġҲīˣһұԴ˵ҲûһƷʯֱûôࡣ
ֻһˣƽڸеƷʯһٸĶ
ôƷʯκεĴȡעĿ͵Ҹʯ϶ֻ˵٣һǧСŮҪڹ̨ҪһµġһڣЩʯ㣬𣿡
ֵͷš
ˣֻһ֡˵ķʽ
Ƿٶģֻǻ˵Ĺ̳һ¡
û⣿
ԥԥذС
˿ãСŮǸƢõġ
ֻû꣬ʦĿɨһȦʲôûУһ˲Ƥˡ
û۸СŮôһһС˼ˣ
мֺµģ̳⡣
ϸ磬ʲô㡣
⼸סڳڣЩн˵ҴҸǮԶϢ
ͨϢȥŮ
ҲұĹˣ¡ָָԼҳǮҲˣΣ
˳Ĭһڷ֮ݵģƴ֣ͬһ·Ҳóŵ飬ǱӶҲһ¡
ֻ˾Ƿˡ
ӹֻУӹǡҲӹӵǮ
ô˼ԥ£ָָԶŮõÿ¸Ǯʲôʱ뿪ʲôʱԼֹΣ
˵ҲǱһְķʽ
һûԥ˹֣ǾͶлӹˡ
ԼǳȥһͻСŮҲ³ʲô⡣
ǳԼŮҲģڴ˴ǰȫݡ
ԶǸµĺӣ֪֮ҪǮҽ㣬ûаԥ͵ͷ
ԵŮӵԵġ
ߣĿٴϡ
ֻں͹Ĺӷܶͷȥ˰
˾ͿͺƤźȤֻҲ
ûôӲĹӣ̽Űõȥҧ
һΣʦòְס֡

˽ָһҿǶʱ鿪¶۵ĺʡ
ֿſʦ׾٣Լһңѧ˵ģȥСǺ죬ָףҲû󿪡
ɵýĿڿʦϡ
˳ָȳƣȫô
תһ룬ܵɾԼˣ˵ͨˡ
ȴС
ְѺ˼ǲҪСһҹӣȴһһҶ˹ȥĸ󣬹ҿ䡣ʦ۵ĺֱߡ
ֶʱˣԼһʣʦȥ
Ҳԡ
˴ߣʳʱ黯ģӰκʳΪȴҲ˸µò
ʱСʣСŮ֪ʦ˽ʲô㣿
˽ӹֵĺʣϸʡ
㶣Ҳ֪
ʦ˵ҪģҪ
ֿʦָ㣺ҽǵһȥ̨ڼӦҪȥһЩֲǮĻҾҪȥʦţˣʦǡ
أ
ֻǼһ䣺Ҹ㡣
Ǿ˵һֱˣ
Цۣѽǵȸȥ̯ݰɣ
ǿһ·ǽװģһҪһǧʯģ
˾죺ǣ˵ʦǣ
ݺ䲻
ѽֵؿǵǵĳſʶ𣿡
һʱȻһֱΪСŮݺˣΪˣ
ݺˣҲ˵һţݺ䣬Ѱ࣬ɵöǮƣֵ飿
Լ´ˣҲ˼˵̲⡣
ԶԶԣǡСŮȱȥݣҪ̨Ҫȥġ
ֵײ̫˽⣬Ҫôȥ
ҡԼӣЦʶˡ˴ιеǵ̨ҪԪǶԪأҵı硣
ȷʶˣҲѣȻȫ֪Ҫ¡ܹһ£̨ŷ֣Լûʸ
Ҳȥġ
õһֽдš֣ŵӡ֡
һº̨ƾ֤
æʱ֪Ҫʮʯ
ʮʯ
Һã֧ٸƷʯҲ΢οˡ
ǮˣҲסڳϡһ˵ĵ̵Ҳˡ˼Ůˣĵܵá˺ܶ࣬һ־Ͳ̫ϲֱΧ۴ķΧ
ǮȥһԺӣҲҺʲôᣬһ죬ͺܿһͥԺ
СסֺͿʦ㹻
˷ӣҪסһµġ
ֶԼҾһӦûҪԼװ˯齣СӣСͷЩ޾ߣԱҲں
ʦ֪ôģʱ䣬ͥԺıģ
ͥڳСźβ㣬ҶһƬһƬ̣мɽˮôɵͤӣԼĺɫ
ֶʱͥľɫԼС϶˯ˮߡ
ǿʦǿӱ˷䡣
ֻܴӱʰɫķҶڴϴŹϧ
ĺϲִΪһ壬ղľɫ
µլԺпһ⸬Ȼŵ֪ԼҪһ
ȻҲãҲãֻܸɿ⸬ˡ
һ·ͱˣһٸͭǮ룬ּ˶ʮ
ǲ̫ЩһٶʮͭǮȥҸĳԼһȥҲЩ£ÿʦһȥߣһͲǸ׽ġ
ҾǿҲ̫ʡ
ִͭǮһȦҲҲ˿ڣԥԥ˺һǾÿȥԵĺˡ
붹ͰӣӣǷʢ
Թ־ʹӽѡԼǱֲ
лһݣú·ӲһڵҶɾǸˮǶõġ
һ̫Ĳݡ
ҲûԥֱӽҲӽС¨
һխȹС¨׼ȥ
ʦͥͤι㡣
ƺϤι㣬ʳһβԡ
ҳ
ٳǰʦ¶Ц
ʦعͷ
ң
ףԥ£Űֲ̯Ҳһ
һ˷ڼеĻİɡ
ÿʦͬС
ֻۣһ·һ·ǻͷ
֮Уʿ̯ĵطѲǵʿǶڳǱﷷۡһ·ҵﶼĵֻ̣ʿġ
żһЩŰʿִ߽ɢġ
ֱԼС¨ЩԥΪһһ鲼ѶȥСȴûС
СפյҪҪԥ֮ʣǰͷһӵʿؿӡ
һӣֻҪʮӡ
ʿ˵
һפյԼҲ𣿴ܽظӮģʮء
Ҳ˵ܻööӣ
Ӻʯôһ
ˡ
ʯʿɨһ֡ûƯСòȷߵ͵ˣעǮơ
ʮӣʮʯ
ֵɴۣӾȻôֵǮ𣿻˵ʯлҪֵǮ㡣
ˣеפյȫʯ
лл㡣ֵл֪Ҫô̯𣿡
̯ʿһ㶣طӦ̶ֹ񣬡ԭλǰǰ֪˴Ҫ̯ҪѲʮʯ
˻һͷʦ
Ҫʮʯð̯
û׬أ
ʦ߽ʣҰ
Ҫֱܾ̾ˣУʦˣһģ˭Ǯۡ
ǰİַӡʿٺָԼӣð˰ֻ̯ȥûкʵԵˣʱǰʣ˵ܳأ
ˣʿոģ
лȻˡҲʼﶫ
˵רʿģҲʿ
ԥԥ˰죬Щ̫˼ǰ
·ߵһʯͷϣС¨ʿ
ûһʿΧפ㡣
ǰ
λѣǴЩʲô𣿡
۾һ̰ԼŵС¨
ֲλѿûԼҪģ
С¨ֲֻܶ࣬ѼפյҲ˽ȥ
Ǽʿһ濴֣һС¨ⷭһŹȥֲ̾ѣ֪꽪ô
ֿһۣһָͷ
Ҳ֪Ҫ٣˶İɣ
һʯһٸʯһǧʯ
Ҳһǧʯ
ʿȻֲţһٸʯ
֪ôƺ
ֻδüشֱһʿסˡ
Сѣפյô
˵ȴǸֺʿ
ֲ֪λʿҪפյʲôãǻһָ
ʿطһٸʯͬǳ𣿲֪
СѣҪ
ַԼֻСʯϣ¨ֲҪ˺һˡ
ʣһЩôõϵֲһӲݡ
־ôƬ̣һǧʯϲ̵رС¨ͷȥҿʦ
ոһֱû˵ֲŷʼվ಻ԶһֱЩͼʿ
ЩʿֲֵеԲˣΧ£ǽָ⡣
ָ˲ټһС¨ֲҪˣʣӲݣִ򿪽һΣҲúܿ졣
ôȥ֪ҪãԱС¨׼뿪

һ
ʦŲȺߵࡣ
Щʿ·ʱſʦһɫ΢䣬˴˶ӡ֪ʲôʱôһľΣ
ƺܾãȴһ˲
ֻһʯʦУЦ㡣
ʦʯЦ
øң
ţġ׬Ǯر󷽣ȥʲôԡ
ǣ߽һӣȴǸһ֧
ֻؼҵ·϶ǱıQQء
Ҫʦʦʦдš˺ööʯ
õǮȫԼˡ
ϲ
һҹ˯û˯ãֵڶͱԼС¨ȥԭλüֲ
յִǶһ۵ʿ
Сѡ
ʿ·˺ѣŤ
˵ۣ
һ㶣С¨ҡͷûеġ
ûмôۡ
Ǻʿ֡
ûУһ¾֪ˡ
ϣϢ
л˵
~
~


70 
߲ƣ
ܴӺʿϸ֪һֶǿ֮ǰδӴ, ѹȸС
ʱѸ
ȻʿɲǼѾλӰʼճֵ沿
ֶ֮ȡС, ǱѸá
ʱЩڣʱûеȿʦԼһС¨ݣȥʦˡ
⡣
ֵʿɱɣ
ʹȫ߾ȫ
Ǻʿٶȵȷܿ, ֺӦ޵ı㿪ûǺʿץ
ҲǼεĶִϢĻ, ӽͳС, Сն, һڼζ֮нȫָ, Ѹٻֵ
Ǻʿضٻ˵, ĿֵĽϡ
ѾȡС𴸣صȴϮ
ۡϢ
ʿֵЦɲ
ֲ, ߬С, ؼ١
Ҫˡ˶ɱġ
һ, ʿλһӰ, Ѹٳ
зֽȻ˵˲ʧ
ֽԴûã
ͫһݵСȥжλá
ȫݺݴ
˼һֵСȫû
ˣ
ֽŵ
òҪɣ
оǧƷʯûõ, ûиʦ񣬻ʦš
Ǳߣʿ˽
ֽ֮, һͷеܲ, һת, һȺ׵Ļֳֳ|ǹ˴
Ǻʿ˶࣬˺
ۣһõ֡С´ûôˡ
ʿʧڿС
ֶͷűһ㺹⡣߬С𴸣ش
һˡ֮ǰκһʿһ
һʵϱȫѹĸоֻ֣ƣߡ
㣬㣬ոշʲô
һлӣּܷŨ
ˣлһЩɲϢ
Ƕӳֱӽס֡
̧Ĩȥͷĺ⣬ҧŴĬܾá
ֱǻٴδߴ٣ֲ̧ͷ
ЩǹĻɣǵĴҲǰΧˡ
ҸոչȻһֵˣûС۾ˣְŽҡ
Ľ֮УһöƬ
С㵱βλãһöСƬ
Ǹʿ˵ۡ
ۡ
ҧ´еöСƬ
һң˵˵ҲĿ
ҪҵĶҲͶˡ
ǼѲ˴ɫصغͶӳʲô
Ƕӳֱüͷ
˴֮ô˴ȥ
Щ˵Եģû֡
ŷ֣ԼС¨ڵأֲ˺ö
ȹŽֲ£װС¨
㡣
ǸڰעϡֱʱŮգ㶡
ͷǶӳ˻ŵºͶˡ
λСӣǻпз쳣
ʲô쳣ʵ쳣ܴЩ
ֲòϣʿʵĺǿ
˸ʲôΪǻ׷ʵ
ԥ¡
ͿܽظʱԵһԪӤʿ
ʱδ֣ǺͼʿڶšʿĸоڽʿҲǸԪӤʿ
ܽ𵤺ڡԥظһ𰸡
ǻɫԱˣһ𵤺ڵʿй涨£֮֡
ΪǲҷС
лСӵĸ֪
ǻ֣һ⡣Сӣʲô
ⷴӦʵʵԼС¨˵̯
̯ǻȻһ֣ߣ
һ㶣ԼС¨ˡ
Ҫʲôȥ
λӣ̯Ҫʾøµĵûо͸̯Ǿڻ
ɨһ֣̾Ϣȥţ˰ѡ
˰ѡ
ˡںǺʿĴвδ𣬵ԼǮҪˡʱʿҪʯţ
ͷһΣ͵˳š
˴רŰ˰ġǰͷŶӵģǸ̯ˡΨһˣǱѺţֱ룬ֱӴȥġ
ֱԼС¨صͷ
ŵһ෿УǶһŰһٷӣűͷҲ̧
ʲô£
ǻ֣ˣλС֤̯ڻ
֡Դ͵ö쿴ˡ
ϻأС¨
öΥ˷ɷ˰ɡ
˼죿
ֺߺصش𣺡ͽ졣컹ûаڿء
ʮʯٷʯ
ɵˣС¨Ķˡ˵ǲأ٣
ǵͷʼշܱʼĹٷ̧ͷ
Ǹӡ
ֵһ̣üһǧ
ողǻ˵𣿣̲ˣָ⡣
Цеӡ£ⲻ𣿡
֣˺û˼
ֱҪڰǰдһݱ֤飬֤֤̯˽ºƭɢޣ֮¡
ǩ˱֤飬Ҫʯ
ͷӽ֮зʮʯ۵رšô࣬Ҳסһʯ
úڣΪʲôΪ˶ʮʯٶʯ
֪ᱻץסʵʵȥǮˡ
Դ˶ǴͷɥأʮʯδݸǺˣֲʣҽղδ̯յͺ˴һܡʮԲ𣿡
Ǻֱպīһдһ˵˽´򶷣Υɷٷʯ
ƤӶҧˣŵضǹٷӡ
ַ֣٣
˷ҪңּˣҪһǧʯȥѽ۵ʲôûûأǸ˳˵ʲô
˵һ룬ֺȻӦ۵Ӧò˵ȥɡǺСйصġ
Ǻ̧ͷһϸ֡

ԭˡ˼ȷ㲻Ĵ
˿סˣסʯ
ʹٶʮʯ
ҿ𣿡
վڰǰСʡ
ȴ°ͣУ̷Ҫӡ
̣һ㶣ǺԼ̰ɣֻ̣Ļʮ꣬Ǹˣ
ֱֻסںδȥ֪ͨ
һ뵽ʦŽӷ˴ͷջǵģ˶Ĳɡ
ð
֮ǰȺú÷˼Ĺ
´λҲ˰𣿡
ִԴأˡ
ҲҲ˰ˡ
ϴ̬ȺܳϿңҲȷ֪˴Ӻһڲ裬̬ºͣ¡
ֱԼС¨ԹԵأ֪Լ˴ʼձһơ
ǹٷӿȤˡ
ֵȴſʦʱ䣬ĵָ
һֱ˼С㵽˻Լ˵ģҳһβ͡Ļǲǳе̫ˣ
Ǹʿô֪ۡ۵ģ
ֱҵҪƬʲô
ȫ̧Ƥϵ֬ɫ
ࡣǹٷͷддȴֵܿĶѪ˻Ӱ۾
ף
̧ͷǹٷӿ˺һ
Ѫ
Ѫ
СѪĨƤϵġ
˵Ѫ
ԣСǡ
Ƥϵ֬ɫֺ棬ô˶֪ƤϵѪ
ԣֻǸʿһֱ˵ϢֳĶҲǳƤġ
ˡ
ϸһ
ŷõĹٷԼʮᣬòãºͣһˣôҲ֪ƤϵѪ
ԣ˵Լ̡϶ûΪķˣӦǸˡ
ûʲôֻʵʵԼС¨ȴʦ
ˣСŮ޼ˡ
ſţ˵Ļ֪ΪΣء
˷бʣ۾ضš
űƿˡ
ߵĸ˻룬ϼҪһŵ֣Ц
ڿʦЦ޵ݣԼԴС¨
͵ɡ
ˣؼҡ
Ŷһվʱ߸߾С¨Լס
һ䣬Ѫ̫ԣĨȥ
ǹٷֵͷĵһ䡣
ֺðһ䣺л֪
ѪҪôĨȥ
С˵ķʽҲĨȥ
뿪ţ˶޾ɵġ̯һ죬Ǯȫ˷ﻹǸɱĵĺʿҲȥ̯ˡ
Իʵʵаɡ
Լʵ̫ˡ
صͥԺУְС¨һߣſڴͤԴŷ̾
ʦվࡣ
ϻˣ
š
ưԼһȥ̯Ϻʿ˿ʦ˵Լץȥʱۣǳ˵䡣
һ䣬ǸĹԱϵóݣ֪ƤϵѪԼ֪
ʦ赭дԪӤʿ
һ㶣ԪӤʿ
ȫѽϸܲκĲ
˵ͨΪʲô֪
Ƥ뵽˵Ĳ࣬ɿ֡
С㡭ʲôҰ
֮кΪߵеࡣ±˷ˡ
ʦֵָƤϵ˵㡣
ָоƤϵѪڷһķ
Щۣۡܡ
Ƭ̺󣬿ʦջ֡
ˣͨѪˡ
ֵ𰸣ͦ㡣
ãˡ
ļ죬ҲԵġʱ䶼
ĽЩġ
ڼɽˮԣһδλŽʦżָһ
ý࣬ʦֵ󣬴ӱ󼸺ĽƣƬ̾˿һ۲ֵýģָͬȫ츳츳ܻøǻۡ
ѾһʱĽ󱳶ͷбһ㺹⡣
Ҳ֪ԼӴʱ̡̫ÿѧҲȲЩýˡ
ֻܸ
֮ǰԼָоڸȷˡ
Ҫۣ͵øѧ˵ɡ
ԾͿʼоôôӺͽϡ
ƿΪֻҪǿӦ죬ȥҲܴ򵹶ɣ
ͦ򵥣ÿʦϰ
˶κȷһ¡ֶʵ̫ǿˣͬ衣һöûС
ʦ㶼ö㣬СӺСལУȲ֦ۡ
ʮңֶҪϰÿ챻ʦôһ£úúõģҪһ
ֻ峿ֵҲҲʦ
ҵͤҵһš
²˵Ҫʱ뿪죬̨֮ǰġ
ָͷ㣬̨Ҳʮҡ
Ҫֿô
СˮԣҶˮơ
һ·Ѿϰ˿ʦ顣Ȼ뿪ʮ죬ʣһˡ
Сеռš
ȥɡʮʱ䣬ϤһЩ
һ˸׼
Ȼһ˲ˮʼðһһˮݣཹཱུģҶµĺβȫҡβͲ֪εȥˡ
һ㶣ףˮôˣ
׼һۣˮէȻ㲨һ˫ˮ§ס˲ˮס
ҵˡ
л˵
~
ϼ~


71 
͵رקˮ, űۣȴûκˮеϢУз紵ĺۼ
§, ·׹˺Զľ롣
ʱǰһɫꡣ
Ϥ
ֻͷûнǣһ˫ûлβ
һīɫ, ϵ壬ּ̧ܿϵɺ
ͷֱǰǱģȻˡ
Һҡ
, ЦЦ֡
ջ, Ѿվ
ɵգգۣС㣿
˵Ǳקˮе, ǰȴһ߷ĸ¥, ʻ, ɫӣߴķ˳Ŵ롣ðϵԼ
źߡ
һ, б, ֹ˹֡
ò, 㺰С, мֻ
˵գΪˬǲǲϲѰ㣿ΣҲ㣡ǵĵطҶȥ, ƭҡ
ʲôһʱ׼ȥһѵС, û뵽˼ȦҲˡ
Ѫ, Ĩȥ˺ۼǸˮеСƾʧһ
Žص, ˲ٵСѰһԷ͡
ȥʱߵһɽУׯЩ꣬Լ֪Ҳģֻǲ֪ô
ɽǶ֪ʮꡣʮ˵·ǲڵġոһյĳ飬ȫܲκʱš
Ҳ֪ûУ´֡ƤϵһĨ֬ɫ̧°͡
ˣСүҲǶƽϵˣȻ֪Ѱңȥ£Ҿͼ̡
һʱȻǺϤģеһźͽ
ֻǻǵ˵һ㡣
Ѱġ
룬Լ˵壬һͣ㣬Ҳ֪ôҡҵѪĨĨ֪ôģˡ
ɫ΢΢ЩһӦǣˣʲôˣʲô
СڶѨ֮УദôãǱ˴˲֮䡭Ҳ֮ʱ΢һ㡣
൫Դ䵭ʼһӵӣ޷һ
ԷͣҵˣϲңҺܺõġ
ۣŮˣ
ҲŮˣŮ˵ĻϾǸŴС
ˡ˵仰ʱЩŤʦоǿʦ˵һϢᡣ
겻ʹ°͡
Ӵ˿ͦȻҵѪѰҡ
ֻʵʵش𣺡ԣ
һӷ꾢һ
ԶԶôңˣ˼Ұң㶼ûҡǣ߰ɡ
һ㶣ͷ꣬ܲˣҲ֪ڲʲô
ĲӭŶһվ
˵ߣô
Ҳֱ壬üˣҾͲʮ겻ʸöûУ˵߾ߣˣ߰ɣҲʲôҪˡ
ֱӱͷȥһǹա
ֿ꣬Ц˴
Ҳ֪ΪΣСЩȤ
Ǻܸ˼ȴʼո˦ӡ˵ߣˡ
˭֪Ц⻹ߣ꿴ԽĹŹˡ
Ц
䲻˵
Ȼ˵԰
ĬãһʮòѧЦˡ
ЦҲԼǺˮ֮е״̬
ҲͶһҪ뿪ĿꡣʱŴӳ༫ȥ˵Ц˵롣
һ
ͦġ˺ܶˡ
ԽԽζ
ֻѾѧθ˵ǵ÷ֱС˵Щӣеʵأ鷳½𣿡
굽ûƽϣߺһ˵
ʮʱ䣬Щδ۸ҵļһͷݶһɸˡ
ֳЦۣϲѽ
˵ᣬ͹ȥŽȻͬɿ졣
ԸоǲεļѾʧˡ
˵䣬ֺ뵽Ǻʿԥԥؿꡣ
С㡭ֺŷӦǰҪһ׿ڸߵĴ𰸣𣿡
һüǲں
ǡ
ҵʱһûлγɹ
Ȼ
˵ۣ֮ǲҪѽ
ۣ
°ͣ˼ô֪ˡ
֣֪뵽ʲôЦǵġ
ǲǻҵƬ
ֲ֪ЦʲôȻشԡ
ƬֿöƬһֱԼĽ֮УûȡҲ֪Ǻʿôֵġ
°ͣС
ȷаҵɺѵķϣҲΪѰ㵱Ѻˡ
ֺƢ˵ǿллˡ
֣¥ݲһŮ룬ж̣ʢ˸ʳ
ʳ˼Сּûģൽʤ
˳ֵֻСһֻյյǳɫҺ塣
֮ǰֻҳ⸬ңҺȫʳһ
յһɵĻ㡣˵һҲһ裿
ֶеĺˬڣںеġ
ûкȹζԶյܿˡ
ǲǵҸ˵Ļ
ͬеһһ
ϲ˴ţֻ̧˸¥Ůʣ֡
ֺϲ裬Ҳ˲óԵģֺˡ
ʲô
ߺһʮ꣬ǵҲ
˵´μʱҾ͸㣬ҵ

ˣڶѨ˵Ȫ͡˵˵Գƣ˶ǣȻȪˡ
ַָԼƭңûƭ㣬Ҿͽ֡
ڸ㣬ˡ
ҲѧֵģָָԼЦеء
סˣҿǴġ˵գ۾һգգȴֵķӦ
Դĸ֣ʲô˼
һ飬ûƢطյ
˵ǣ֮£ûвʶҵˣ
ٴ̧°͡
ˡӦ֮£û˲ʶԨ
֮£༫Ĵڣ˶
һۡ
ҪҪúˣѵ̨𣿡
Ľָ𣬵ͷˣ
ˡֱǰһ˭Ҳ֮˲ʶĳ༫ֻһûʲôСء
ո˵Ǵġ
ޱ鿴ʮ겻㻰ЩǺ¡ֻǻôȫִһˣ
ֻûбô˵֮ǰҲûô˵̨ӡ
ûסֵͷЦЦ
˵ףС㻹Ǻܸ˵ġָһַɸеġ
ӳ༫ϵĵһˣһһǰѧŻ޵Уһ˺ڰѣϲ
ֱľñطֺܻ꣬ϲ
˺һ
ǸڶѨһǣŮƺǰͷЦɵŮںһ
ʱ䣬ƽȥ˺ۡ
˵˵ɡ
ؿڡ
ֲЦ̧꣬ͷʱжǳǳȴůůЦ⡣
˵ʲô
ط꣬Ȼ˵Щֱ֮ϵ£ˡ
ֺһյеľơ
Ҳһ룬Ҫ˵أ˵ָʼɡ
ҲǺ֪СԼ֪˵ָȴǷҲ͵һ·Сۣȥɽׯ
ֱã־ࡣ
ɽׯÿĳ飬ٵʦÿеҶɾԼ̨
֪Լ˵˶ãֻ֪¥ɫ仯
ǰЩ죬һҪ۵ȡִ˸СöĪԼκأź˵ڸ˵
˵ǲĳѽҪʲô
ҡҡֱߵѾˡ
յһɣƽˡ
ۿ̫ˣԻԡ
Ŷ˿ǻˣܻģҪǻÿ죬һɱۡԺſСϣǶɾЩˣɱ˶ᱦǻˡ
Ҫȥ
ۣ·Ѿ˯⡣
ãҰ㡣ķ
Դſֱϣ۾Ѿϣ˵ʲôҲ塣
أͨ죬۾ﶼٵˮ⣬ģίʵ˵ѵġ
Ҫȥˡ
ֻǿţվ˶ҡҡλεġ
ҪȥڣҪ˯ڻͤ
Ҳ˸ǿͷ
þûкȵôˡ
ãȥ
ֳ̯֣ЦеأС㣬ˮɣ
§һ㣬ֱӴӴ߷䣬¾һˮ˻һ˽ȥ
һִ̣ԼҺɻ˳
ûմˮͷһƬƮҶ
ֶڳرߣſڰߣδǽ˫ȱβ̾Ҷء
ˣˮ壬ˮϲˮҲá
ֶ֣Ƕδ㿪
һ̣ԱָƤϡ
֬ɫ΢΢̣ʧ
ֺظоʲô̧֣ΥԼĺ
̵ͷȥĴβ͡
ɵĴβţʱһģһ
ѾܾûʱӵĺͺβˡǣСһԶľñطꡣ
ѾҪַʽȥˡ
ۣ˸ǷҺ
ֱԼĴβͣ÷̵ȥ˳˵ڼңûˣ˯ġ
βЦβͻˣǿԱ֡
øѽ
¸˵ģַһ¡
ʦڣ˯ڻͤˣ
ϲϲֱΧᣬŷ磬Ҷ㣬ˮҶƮ䡣
ӽȡһСӣ̵룬ȻԼڴͤйһȦԼβͣ
ٻҡҷ
ۡ
˺β˯ڳرߵĴͤУһ˺˯ĸо
ϲˡ
ֻԺ룬ʮ죬Ҫ뿪ʮ죬ԼҪڴͤ˯ʮ졣
Ҫ򡭡ţ
ڱУϤĻкܿ˯ˡ
˯úܳ·һΣμԨڽ
ˮǽ˻ιˮĺβ㡣
Ƕ񣬾Щ
ֲ֪ԼվʲôطڿԨڻǰ
·ǧ
ǲģԨΪκ鷳ǡ
ֺܾûμԨˣ߽
룬Ԩ˵μˡ
ߵԨǰ˺Ҳûз
Ŀʣ֪ڿʲô
ֺ棬Ԩǰ˻֡
һֱ̣Ԩץסˡ
ֵƤ
ԨϤ·Щ⡣
ţԨ𣿺Щԡ
𣿡
һ㶣Ŷ֪ԼΣԨôҲ֪ѹ
ѵ˵Ԩξȥˣ
˺һһ֮УԽԽǱ˱ý
ֱﲻסˣߺ̫ۡʵˣֱԨסһ
뻹ڣ峿⴩ͤϣֻ˵ڿʦϡ
÷ֱʮˣָıǣµ˫ۣͷƤ顣
һ˲䣬ֽŵشӿʦ״εء
û͵͵˯ˣμԨˡ
ʦ˵ʲôȴȫܸһ仰
˳Ĭһ񣬸˯⣬紵ûŮϡ
¿ʦҲ֪Ϊʲô¿ʦ
Щأһ⡣
ҼСˣǵ뿪һϵѣˡ
š
˶Դ˷·ûκηӦֻǸֹ϶ıӡ
磬˯
˳Ļ߳ͤ
һ̣һ١
ͥԺУһīɫѵԲʯϣٰĵϵɺ
ƺĿ⣬̧ͷ΢
˵û˵ģûˣЩڱǰ¶β͡
ʦһ١
Σյۡ
֡
ϸרųҲڼҡ˾ƣ˻ҹ
л˵
~
~


72 
ֵһδӿʦʻ, ܸоһëΣոС
СĶԴޱȽشһ仰зΨһܷĵ㡣
ûкȾƣ
մƵġһᡣ
ȴ߼ҪֵıǼ⡣ʶرۡ
, ʦָͷᵯһ¡
˲٣˵ûУ
ֱ׳ˣʮطûкȾ, ֻһ
һͻһ𣬿ζ֮ҪһֺζζŨ
һ
ʦظ, ĿʯϵĽꡣ
֮ǰ, ûиǾƣ
˵Ľ̸Լµһ, ȴǸδȹƵġ
ʱΪڳʮ, ǳƵζ, һû뵽ȻȵǾƶ֪
ôһ˲, °͡
, ҲС, ȵƶ𣿡
ʦı䡣
ⲻƭƵɡ
ס, ͬסһˣ֮ǰŶ룬һ, ͷ·мĵ⣬ȴֱ, еעϡ
˵, õһ־Ӹµӡ·ûһ¡
˵ƭ
, ƭЦθɣ˭ʲôʸָң
ʦɴûʵʸ񡣡
ҧأ˵ոջ²ǰ˺ֹϵΣ¶¡
ֱ䲻ϲǰˡ
ű衣
ҶУˮһһĴųرʯխ̨ˮɽ֮С
鼴ˮС
ֲһۣʦС֮Ѿš
δʦģҲδɱС㡣
֮Ǵʲôìܣ·࿴һ۶Ҫ䶷
Ȼʦջߣƽ͵ֻط䡣
һȥ
ֱСأԼǰ뿪ſʦСҪ
ѵΪ֪˾ƣ
һǾƵĻҲͦúȵġ
Ԩȹľƺ񶼲һϲ
ΪҺȾ𣿡Сקקʦ°ڣһĺúȡ
˴߿ƺЩأǲ֪ʲôЩţЩãȻҲЩί
ԼֻǺѺһɡ
ʦֵ̧Դ
ûҲȷƽȥϢȥš
ͷ۰ͰͿſʦŶ
ʦ޷̾׷ǵӲ
ġ
ŷ˵㡣ʦƭġ˵ˣĲ
˿ȫû˯ġҹ˯ʱж̣ЩƺκҲȥ˯ġ
ǿһ¡СԼУд˵ġ
дҪôдӡоУԺһӦչ˵㵽ȫģҲðСʳһӦչ˺á
קקʦ䣬С˵ͣЩóԵġ
˵գӽһǮ˿ʦ
ͥԺоô˵СҲÿʦ
ˡ
ư̧°͡ɨ֣߬ǴߵģЩۣƿߡ
СүûǵҪĵز
һǮЩ̫ˡһǮ㣬Ϊ˸Ժһ㣿
ɣĻ졣
ءʦ̵֣³ŵ˼Ǹ֣Ѹ𡣡
Ϊ棬תȥЩźСطûأ˵ĻоСĻ졣û뵽Ҫˡ
С㣬Ҫ𣿡
ʦһ仰𣬺ҧ߹ȴֵԴ
ոǸôʱˡ
ȻȴʦָڿС
͸ߣ˵İ
𶯣ûѧ𣿡
ǲǹ̫ܵˣջ֣䲻ʹ졣
޹ءʦĮػش
ҧأǲطǰܡˣźĹϵһ㡣Ŀ֣˵ӭңҲûµıҪˡ
ֱ˵ǻҵѣ´μʱͲҪһ𡣡
˵գһˮˮʧ֮ʣҲʧڿС
һ㶣ץץʲôûС
ñطˣһʲôʱ涼û¡
̾˿
һǹҵġ
ȥˣǡ
ֻͷҪͿʦ˵ϳʲô£ȴֿʦһǮţм
˲Կʦϵĵѹ
֣ôˣ
ֹСգۡ
ʦƬ̣ջߡ
޷ùţϸ㡣
һǮʦȫˡ
ְʳ˵ţǴԼʮ˵šݼḻ
һһڲˣⶼԲĵز
ȳ˸ԲֱСΧˮ˼Ȧʳһֱڿһ¡ʦôֲˣ
ųĲصͤʱڴͤҶط
ֻΣɵĴβͲ˹ȥ
ֱлʡ
˵Ҫ뿪ʮ𣿡
ջ˼ȴĮطʣҲڼң˻
ֱʵһЩ顣תһ룬ʲôģֱ׳˵ŲǣڼңҲġ
ñط棬ܸˡ
ֻǲҸ߿ʦڴͤ˯
ʦЦˡ
֪˼ô
æôͻ
ʵҪĿڣ֪ʦȥʲô˵õʮ죬һͻˡ᲻Ҫ鲻˳
ۺǵؿſʦ
˿ͷĺ˳ȥ
æˣ㲻ö¡
ŶԤЩʱ䣬ơмõˣ鷳¡
ֱ𲻹һһҹ̻ˡ
ŸСһϲȴ룬ǸԼһľϲ
ֺ˻ΣԴ
С죺ôҡ
ţãʦջ֣
̧źԥ˰죬˵ʵ
ô뵽ǰҶˡ
˳ĬƬ̣֣ûֵĺֻ֡
ϲ𣿡ᣬϲ㣬ǲϲ
⣬˼˺һ
ҲǲϲɡԨʱ䣬оᣬЩʱ·ʶģȻ
ʦʱ·ϲһоһᡣ
ֻҶ䣬Ҷû˶䡣
뵽Сǣ̾˿С˵СǶ䡣
𣿡
ջ֣濴֡
˵ͷ
룡
һֱǱ䣬ûˣĺܺʲô顣
ʦԥƬ̣ͷ

һ㶡ǣ
ʦ߿¶档
Ķܺÿġ
ֻͷһô۲һ˵Ķ䣬ʱ˵㣬εץ֣ԼĶϡ
ɡ
ָ˵Ķ
Ķ
ŵ
ôһϡһƺߡ
ֽŵջ֣
Ū𣿡
ոǲеأ
˻һµû¡
ȴǲˡ
Щ̰ؿ˵Ķ䡣
⻹ǵһ˵Ķءֻë׵ģеź
ֽ춼δš̨ûˣץʱѧ
ʱǱ˵Ҫȥǰ̽顣
ѽջԼĺβ̷һ׺ɫѴϣ룬һУԼ
վſڵȿʦʱֻͣطŽС
õЩˣ
ֽأ̽費Ҫ֣ҪýһԼĽûо
˴ӳʱľһڣϹŽУԼŪø͵Сһ֡
ժϵĽС
ȥ͵˵Ĺ𣿡
дʣŲǣ˵ȥ̽飬˵ϴ̨Ķǡ
ʦǿСȥһѣ޵ǳɫ䴹һˮɫĽң˻
ſڵȺ򡣲ͬǣ֮ǰҪ͵Ķ࣬ͦСġ
ڵԾƿλá
ЩӲˣСŮ
ѧѣʺ䣬ȲҶǮ
˵䣬ʦѾˡƣѵõģҪ˲
Ȼʦֵ
ҡӣ̾СŮΪãװ̫ǮƣСĶˣǿٵٵģ㣬Ҳҵģ㲻
ƺеֺôûе
ͷʹӡ
˵Ѿ׼һƷʯСŮ˫ַϡ
⡣Լ˶ᶪǮǮһҪװĿڴС
ִ֮Ƿһ¥
˵Ǿ¥ʵ¥һġ¥ջͲݣӦоСǣһҪǸʿŵġ
õĿջʿ͵ǮĶסڴ˴ˣԱ߾¥ò͵ʿҲ󶼳ţǮ
һڶ¥Ĵ
˵Ǵãʵխխļ磬Ҹ໥üֻҪû˿ȥҲСż䡣
СŮ㿴
ҡӣָָŸ߽ԲļλãǶվһޣʮͷģɫ䡣ǰһСƺں˵Щʲô
λŵӣ߳Ϊܺá
Ŷһ

ָָ˼ŮӣǼŮ޿ͦ󷽣Ҳǽޡ
ο˺һȷû϶ǽޡ
ԵҲһޣһޣޡ
ⶼ⣬û뵽˽޻Եʿ
ǽ̨ϸ׶ߣʵĻͻǳʡ˼
һλ
¥¸һˣѰλãӣȼָָΪ׵ӡ
Ŀǰϯӣʢء
ţȤ˳ƿȥ
һᣬʮģӣòã米ͦΣվһɣԶԶŶܷ̬ѡ
ͦСʮ꣬ˡֶߵȥڣʵӦòֹڴˣ˶Ϊ̨ѹΪͻƵġ
Ȼ˵ǹΪԼȨƾٰ̨׽ҲһѵĻᣬԲ˵һõĻ
˼ô
ӵ࣬һòƯŮӣؿƺڵ˵Щʲô
ǽʢصӷ·ڿ˳̧
͵˱ˣջߡ
ʢصĿ⻹ϡ
ʢʦڿʲôŮЦ˳ʢصĿ⿴
Ȼ磬ȻЩ뿴̫塣
м䣬ϸСŮͬʣجж꣬ϲá
Ů¶ֺ޶
ʢջߣɨŮӣüʶ
ŮӷӦ˹֪Լһʱ¶еı飬̱һЦ
ʶ
ûҶ粻ʶ֡
ʢ˼ٴνĿͶ֡
΢΢üһλͷʱȴǶʢصĿ⡣ƽ͵ģûκβԵĵطʢĿԣֻ΢΢ףƿߡҲջߡ
ôˣ
ʦƺЩ
Ҳ̧֪ҧָ˵Ҹոպоڿҡ
Ǹߺ˲Щеġ
ǲʢءĿ⣬ƽ
벻ͨͲˡ
ʱ͵ǰֳ̨Ϥʱˡ
ȥʱ·ʦͬࡣ
˵̨ʵʾٰĵصʮأһɽˮ֮ء
Ϊ˱ʿ䶷⣬˴ҲԶȺ
ִֵʱʿڶ࣬дӷĴʿҲɢޡ
̨һ˾Ÿ㣬ÿһмʮԶľ롣Ҳȷ־̫ɵ⡣
Χ̨²š
죬Ҫһɸߵ̨ϣ䶷ˣ
һҪӮЩ

̨֣رһס

ȴһеŮӣЩǸضЦš
ҽŤˣ֪ɷ鷳һء
л˵
~дЩQAQ
~
ϼ


73 
ֱȥŮӵ, ǿԺ΢΢üǰЦŵƯŮ, һֵϢ
ԥ£ջ֡
ֱӽֱ󣬳Ůҡҡͷ
Ҳʿ, Լ÷𣿡
ŮЦЩǿҲǷޡ
ҩأŤһƵˡ
ҲǵޡŮӼǲˣƺίҧŴ۾ܿỨ
ﲻԸ, ֱ˵, αسҡ
ƶ, ʲôˡҩ, һֱϰߡʵҲŮûзûеҩ, ˵һУƵ
ƫҪ˵־Ͳˡ
ŮķӦ, ԼûǶԵġӦǸƢ̫õˡ
, ӽͳһƵ, м۶Ů˵û, һšʮʯ
ŮӴ㵵ض·û뵽һҪǮˡ
ƵִǳˣѾѻ˵, ԼûƵǰ, ܲܲҪŮֻʮʯ, ӹƵ
Ҳһ, öˡ
ʦָĵҩܶ࣬ԷֳһЩʱǮ˷֣ʦְ˳ɣɡ
˵Ƕ˷֣ʵеǮڴʦʦĿڴʦʦǷ䡣
˴ľŸֻ̨ʿſһۣҲȥ
ҲΪ˷ֹеʿʲôֽš
Χ̨һȦһĳأǶһӣмŹٷĹԱذŪʲô
޹ءֻҪڽ񣬺úȥ̨ˡ
ֻصͥԺУͤаɽ亣ζش䣬̼侫
ڿõĲ̶ǱʱЩζ˭ġ
СߵĹĵģɻͺóԵˡ
֣ԭˮĳϺв֮ǰûԹġ
ԭĳôʣкзֵĿзǣԵʮ㡣
ȽʦմմЩ⡣
־ţСģС´ʱҪ׼һЩóԵġͿʦϵ̫ǢǸ⡣
ʱһξ͹
ִһǳɫȥԼеķֽ͵ҩ
һҪλüˣʱ̨ڵһʱȥѡ÷ǵ
ԷΪõϵҩĵط࣬ǻҪȫ׼
ȽʦҪΪСǰ
ǵĵ·ȫǱŽʿżЩģгġ
ʿǶݵͣסջΪУǮĴŵӣһƥ
ӷеʿѡصʽȽ⡣
ΪʿС
ʱʦȴҪ㹻ΪӻĵȷУƫ١ЩķʽǱȽʵġ
һ·ϣСԺܲˡһЩʿ̲סѯΧˣǲǺеϵʿ
ִյǰտ˲ٵı仯̨ΧģоСģиߴɵ̨Ը
ִʿȫСǰݽԼƣһơ
쵽Ⱥš
õԼĺƣҪȥҲŶ̨ơ
ŶʱǰһλģǸйһ֮Եʢء
ֺֻھ¥һۣҲ֪ϵóϲԼδкʵʵĬ
еĵһ̨Χ۵ȺʤƽˣɢޣʿͬţƽΧµʵʵеſʿǵ䶷
ֿޱĽûпֵĴ󳡾ءǰģմѪȣôѺõĴ򶷡
̨ϵıԣûмء
ֵ˺һŵκĹԱĺƣָһ̨ӡڵڶֵĵھ̨
ǾҪȵһ֣ûʲô飬ֱӴʿмȹ
һһ۾Ϳ˴ߵĿʦ
Ⱥ֮Уǰ棬ȴ۵ġΧʿǷˣԷЩ롣
ýһЩҲûˣȴǣԶҡӳЦ
ֳ߹ȥ
Ⱥ֮з·Щɧң·ʲô˵ˣ˶ڸá
һãǼ֣޷ӵȺߵʦߡǱȼҡҡλΣҿԱ˷һѡ
л
ֵл̧ͷȻʢء
ջ֣鵭ģһ
ƺҪȥˣȴȺòòŴߡ
˺һͷģȴʲôﵽˡ
ȺòɢЩָϽȺȥҿʦ
СŮȺģܺãлһѺӵģҰ׼ģ쿪ʤ
Цۣлˡ
ֹʵȻû⣬µֹϢҲ˵
ֵǱȽǼ⣺Ŭɡ
ʵ͵۽˵Ǳڳʱ䶼̵ģ֪֮ⷽ
ʦ֣Ҫͷֺȴ˶٣ջȥ
д㵽Ϊֹмǡõͳ
Ŷһһ㵹ǴӦظɴࣺá
ҲǴ򲻹棬͵ˣǧԼˡ˾һ
ʦ˵ʧνֻҪһξС
Ǯͷõġ
ʱźɫٷվ̨Բ̨ΪѡʿΪΪЧش׼䶷ᣬʿ̨ʽд衣
˺һ˹
˵оŸ̨ʮ˸ͬʱСһѡγоʽΪһ뿪̨Ϊ䣬һС˾ʮ֣ѡγİ˽һ֡
ֱˣеսԴڡ
ڵڶ֣ӳʱ𽫽еһֵĽһֵĽԾʹڿʦ࣬ۿЩ̨
뵽ЩԶģ̫塣
뿴ϸЩ
˵ͷ
ֵͷȿôġ
֫һᣬǰԼļͷ
˲ΧȺߴһ
ڿʦļϣŴ̨ܿ
һٶҲΧ˵ע⡣
ЩŮЩۣͬеԼֳ˵ģҲô׾ٽһŮڼͷˣȴ޼
ͬڱ˼Ͽ̨ģԶ
Զ˵ļͷֵһǡ
Ůǣտ̨
ʱ룬һֵʮʿ׷׵ִ̨ÿһ̨ԶһСģһŹٷļˡ
Բε̨ͬڷһġ
عı죬ÿһ̨ϵСҲ졣
䶷ᣬʽʼˡ
ǣȫע̨ʮ˲ԼͬŽ໥һ
Ȼǽޡ
̨ϴÿģȥƬ̣־ͱ̨ģһڼҲ󣬼Ѻõر˴̽
ֿȴоƤе㷢ȡ
̧Ƥ
СǵѪڵĵط֬ɫʮֺޡ
С
ֻͷ
ȺӵȫҲСĺۼ
ҲѧᴫܣһȦҲջߡ
ȴ˽֫һ࣬
˲䰫֣Լߵӽȥģֻ̨ܿһЩԵҪ˵ĺס
ͷɻؿſʦ
ȴֻȥ㣿
Ȼ֪
Ҳûƭֱ˵ոҸоˣСҡ
̨С
ʦ˵
һţҲҲܸСЩóԵġ
̰ʲôڸ֮
⸬ֵ˾䡣ӡУС뿪ǰרҪһ⸬Ҳϲġ
Լ⸬ûˡ
ӳ༫뿪Եǰʱ䣬ǰ⸬ȫˡ
ʱʳǴϰ˷˵һͣ벻⸬ȻЩȻ
Ԩ׼⸬װģԭΪԶԲ꣬ڲŷ֣гһġ
ţ΢΢˵ʲô
ҲΧУޱȳӣ˵ѱ
ֵŽڿʦ˵˵⸬رóԵ⸬ûˡ
һ㶣̧ԼĶ䡣
⸬
رóԡ
ϲ𣿡ʦ
ֵͷЩźţϲ
û³һ⸬Ѫϰߡ
Ҳʱ䱻˵ʳջ¡
˼
֪ˡ
ҲֻǸʦôһ˵Ͼֻ֪⸬Ԩġ
ЩʱҲԨǲǺ뷨ʱʧˡ
Ƕǹȥˡ
õĺҪѧǰ
˲ʱƼھ̨ҪʤϽȺȦ
˺һЩֵ̫࣬ʼӵţһ·ٹ򡣻ԱиʿͬȺߣͬǣʿĸߴûʵĽΧ˲ҿʿóһ·
ָϽᣬʿһڳ
ڳ֮еʿ󶼾Χδ뿪Զ
һʤ̾ܽԼĺơ
˵ھ̨Աߡ
Աߵڰ̨ʢرŽȺš
ûʵĽʿʢصһ̨࣬ͣ¡
ʼգֶûп˵档
ջߡҪ˵ھ̨ϡ
ǵ̨߹һɣĽǶȸս
ֵԼĪһӣ̨ϵСıˡ
ӮǼǣʿ뿪ʼš
ȺţȺŵʿ뵽˴λ
̾֡
࣬һҲ֡
˱̨
ֲ̨׵ִ̨ϣ̨ϻһ󷨡ֱִȻһ£²Ǻͱйصġ
پһģҲ̫ˡ
Ƕ귢ԼĶǸƯСŮŽĶЩղסˣ㵵ض֡
ֵǿͿ˱ȭ˸
ָ̡
úúãһָʦá굹Ǹģ˵ȥˣһúָʦõĲ㡣
ͷǾˡ
̨ϵİȼСı졣
ÿ̨ʽʼ
ǶŽƮƮش˹
⶯ֺ׾Ͷ㿪ˡ㿪ͬʱԥԥشӽȡԼС롣
СָӴ˲䣬͸㹻ԷƮڰУϺ¡
û׷ֵСЦԷǡ
λʦãǡʵ㣬ҲһԴȷԼĲ֮
͸̨ܲϱݸԷɡҲǿա
ֹӣûҪԷء
ִӽͳԼСལ
ó˽Ȼϲ߳СΪԷŮ飬ֻĽ
ۣ˵жҲ
ܣԼ׵ֵ
̧Сལ˲͵ֵĽơ
ףеʵġ˾䣬ο˲٣ҲԽԽ
ֽһãеСལһߵֵԼȫܸٶȣܱһЩ
ֻǵķأƺ֤ԼĽɣ
ţԾʹŵơ
еĶСལ磬̺Ž⣬֮ƵԼĽȥֵȴֻһ졣
еĽӦϡ
ɵվԭأԼĶϽ
ּ˲ˣԼҲˡ
죬괹ͷˡ
ˣˣãȻض꣬ȴֻǶڵϱԼĽԲ
ҲͷСལΪԼýֻһԵģĽȷû뵽ҲӮӮ
ԭҲûôС
룬Ƕ걧ȭǻԲ
лָ̡
л˵
~
~


74 
ڰ̨, ŵӣʢʤ
̨Լ˵ĳǻ
գع
Ӯˡ
ڼ˵ǼӮ, ŵӣʤʱЩ֪ϦǺĲʵС̨뿪̨ʱ, ̲סͷһۡ
̨ϣ걧ԼĶϽҪ޴롣
ڵھ̨ΧˣĿⶼ, г̽, ɡ
ЩߵΧȺ
һɸѡҪм, м仹мϢ, һȻؼ׼, 
ֵǸմ̨Χ˿ıȶԷÿλ, ܲȺＷȥ, ˳ҵʦ
Ӯˣ
ߵϤ, ͷ¶Ц
ЦЦԲԲ, üʢϲá
ȻӮԼӦһ֣ȷӮˡ
Ӯ, ǻҪ˷ϲõĳ嶯
ʦ˫ȫע, ҲƽҪ֡
ҿ, 
һӾЦ̧, ۽ë
СŮ¾ͻ˶֡Ҳſ䡣
˶ף϶ֹ｣
ִӮ˵һֵ̨õǵĿޣ˵ظʾҪҳһ١
ѵͣһ˻صסլ׼ڿȥһ¥أŶʱͥﴫ
ӣ۾һϤĺϢ
ʦĽź󣬴߿ʲô顣Ƚ£ȴǾü
ֹ˴޴пС
пˣ
Ļһɫ񣬴ŹǷ߳Źţ´ˡ
ֱ˿ʦĿɨһƿߡˣʮĽޣﻹǣһʮͷСѾͷ
°͡
׼Ĳɫ㹻λ
ֵЩϲСҲڣ¶Ц׼С㺮ʱʦߵ࣬ϲԺʣ
룬شͦŲ
һʾȻ󵭶ؽǡ
ձǺȳ
ɫ΢䡣ҧءǰһŵˣ
ҡӵЦζأͦģǾȴ֮ˡ
ǣԶڷǴִͥȻ֪ûΣյأŸͥ
ͥѱɨɾ֪ϲɫҶҶѻ£ЩڻУҶҲôƬҶ⣬ͥԺɸɾ롣
ͥзʮССṇ̃ڷ˸ɫˮʳ
һϺͰڷ˲ֳͬԷͼ壬Ϻ裬Ϻʵỹ㣬зǵı࣬вٵı㣬ǡ
һ߽զࣺôࣿ
˳䣬Դ˸ָеСƴճһŴ󳤼
һǶĺζʳԵĿ
ͥҲ̺֯š
ţҲ˵˶ֲǲô֡
ʦǵһһԶ
ԶЩߵĴ磬Сл
ſͿʣǲλӣ֪γƺ
Сûаֲڣһۣ֪˭Ĺɡ
㲻㲻ãҵծ
ҡ˵գֹ˹֣ǲҼپҡ
̧ȥ֣ۺ⡣ɣһ˶ʶ
ֺ֪پ
һ˸֮ͣ壬СŮ֪ɡֻپǰ֮پǰ֮壬ֻгŻΪµȫΪ
ޱȲ죬һֱûȫΣΪǸǺһ
ȻȫΪҲСô㣬ͬˡ
ͬݣһֶСľ롣
һˣ֪ĵǶࡣɨһûǾȻ˽Զǧ֮ңĺ顣
һ̹ϣû취Ҫ˽˽ġȻôĶ֪
λءЦؿſʦ·һμһʼմ߲ͷ¶βģѵʲô׼֮
ʦֵ࣬Ϻǣ԰ƣͷҲ̧òªˡ
һϺЩǺɤۡ
òª˵Լ
ô𰸡Ͳ˵òʦĸߴȳƣȷǷ|¶֣͸¶žµСô˵Լòªģ
οε˼ɫΪʦҲ̫࡭ɣ
ҲһֱĬϵܣδòªЩΪ
أ룬ҲûʲôòƤңǳȷһӰ˵жϣദôˣ˵òªǸƤģҲ޷
̹Ȼˡ
ڳɫ΢ġòªĸ֣ʵ޷ʦƥ䡣
һǲǸӡַ˵Ļ˵ƫ𷴲˵ˣҪָòɡ
ҲֻܺҧžƱ
ڷСϰڷյյﻹǳɫҺ壬á
ʦĬĬע
ϲ
յᵽϤϢʵʵϣϲ
ԭ־ƺûоζģܺĿζ
룬ʦĻͽʵϾȿھơ
ʦͬһյȻһյףˮһ鴫
ȴδ֡
̺һһ
Цɡ
УҲɫ̫á֪뵽ʲôЦЦ
Ӯ̨һС
˵գͳһֻ
ݰƴ󣬳ʳɫмǳǳİףβϵһɺ顣
ֽӹʾ⣬ݷڶߡ
һ̣ӿȵĲ
̽ÿؿźݡ
עһԡָ
־עһЩһνڶʱк˵ĲйཹʲôˮðݡԼƳһת
ʱۣÿһ㡣
ǡʲô
δģᡣ
ǾЦ˵ǰЩʱҼһͷ㣬˻
ȤڶߡֽںעٴνԶݳ
ͬѾһͲͷͷоݡ
ȫͷԣ˳ٸԼŮзǡԶҲЩ棬ǿİĸ磬ǵͷʵʵԶ
󿴿ʦҿֺЦζ
ʦƱֿա
ۿֳ֣ߵȤУǰúܺá
ָ̧֣ڿһ
һźһš
ϵźӯأûʦһֱۣ󿿽࣬Ѿ°ʹֵļˡ
𣿡
ÿμֱʵ⡣
ޱȾϲŤͷݾϿţҲͷеӳӰ
ˣЦۡ
ηֱһ£ڼҲʹʦʲôʱʦ˵Ҫ
û뵽һһµ˲䡣
õĻش𣬲ۣҳǡ
Ѿ׼ӽͳһǣݵĴߡ
һǾУЦ
ۡ
ǰ͵꣬òҪòһΣյϢʱǰԵĶռ·𿿽һ˿һҪɱ
˭סˣ̲סʡ
ûнء
ǡԥ£֪ԸԸ֪ǿܡ
ϾԱ˵ݣѾ˵ķ롣
кܶܶˣѿܵһߡ
ߡɨһۣ֪ʲô˼𣿡
Ŵ̫á
ߴ֮һݶһ޶ģǱκ˵ĹϵҪܡ
Цַ·޹һ溣ݣҲִ˴ϲ溣ݣ
ģ̰ѺݵֵĶߣϲغк˵о
һȥ𣿡
ߣ
ֲĶˡδء
ġ
䣬Ͳ廰ȻȥҴȥǣҵļңȥĶȥġ
ˡЦܾĻҲܸɴ࣬Һȥ棬ʲôӡʡ
žʼûôʡ
Ŀ˿ʦ
ôȻֵ꿿֣
ʦƺһз⣬ݸ֡
ȳԣ档
Ŷһϲзģûпǵз⡣ºݣһˮϴϴ֣ԡ
֣ǺȻֵ֣κ˵ĿУǴߵҲС
ռǿĿ¡
һ٣ܾ׼ʳûԺãһʱҧгݵأЩίġ
ڶִ꣬㡣
˶٣ָһССĺݣõ
ֻĵ뿪󣬲ע
ΪǴ󺣵Ĳˣû뵽Լ
󣬳Сɽ¼Ҫ߱ˣһҴȥ
ʧͬʱеСҲˡ
ȥĺĶһ̣޹ǵſıϣļ
˵ʲôˣ
ΣôǺѽ
˵Ҫ߱ˣԥ£ֻҡҡͷ˵ܣܸ˵ġ
Բˣһ
ܴã
Щʡ
ĿͶʦüָˣڴãҪĳ֪֮ˣôˡ
ֻˡ֪֮˵ǡʦ
Ҳſʦ
ʦѵƣ󲿷ֵһˡҪ˯߰죬˷·ûкһֻеһϢ־ⶼ
Ҳǵֵͷ
Ҫ뿪գ㡣
һ㶣֮ǰûа𣿡
ʦûзϣ⼸̫
ǡЦָ˴ֵĸ첲˵̫
ѣ˵㡣
Һв𣿲һںҲͦãңҲ
ʵǸ㲻ʦͿ֮ĸӹϵ
һ˵ͬһˣһֱ˴ǣơ
һ٣ԵĻ
Ե㣬öࡣ
СŮʦ˺Ϳܴ֮飬ˣҸһֵĶ֡
ԭأҡӺžƣò⡣
֪һֵĶֺ֣棬ߵ¡
֪˵̹ȻһҪ죬ŵһ죬ʣµʿûзֳʤ
ޱ鿴ҷһֵĶ֣
㣬䲻¡ǵֻСŮһɣһǶԷУСŮʵǿأǳѡʿʵβ롣
ȻˣãԷʵ
ѹôɡ
ˡȴ̷ֵĻһֵĶֽ³ʷ磬ʮŵĵӡڣʵǵ⼸ٸʿУǰġ
һ㶣ôܴӮ
˵ˣΪСŮʵǿ˵ԷҲֻǿʼ۶ĽʵĲͺˡ㲻УҲ򲻹㡣
ֻ޷⣺ʵܲ
ʣǶԼʲô𣿡
ǣôָֻ㣬ýܴԪӤʿɱܽظ󶼲˵ġѰɱ֣ҲĶ֡
ʦУʦһһңʦֽ񣬴ʦǽеİԵ֮ܵС
ʲôǿǿòײһ㣬潣
СŮޱһ¡ʦ˵ʵҿѾȥˡ
Ȼʿ¼Ĵʿ˽⡣ʦģȫ|
ʦһţЦ֪ĵǶࡣ
˵ûзҲǲ϶һ¡ʵѾ֮ˡ
ֵɴۣԭԭһֱڱȵʵ
ˡЩ档
ĵףǳħҡңС༫
ֳһ֮˶ʶǺӦþСĸĸ֮һɡ
ԭʦĺѽ
ԣ̾˿СŮ㵽ʲô벻ͨģһҪԼݣȥ´ܱȽϣ
Ǽ⡣һֱ̫͵ȺȫԼʵ
ΪΪԼǸé®С
˿Ҳûһս
ĽҲ֮еģ΢һЩ
ţĽ
ڼһֱһ֦
˵ֱֲ֦첲󱳡
дʣľķ
ֻʲô˵ģֻһƴһ߾ֵʱ͵Ϯ
ִϷɹһֻ񣬿ܶʱ͵Ϯ׼
죬ȥȴ룬벻ɡ
ֺþûзɹˣģ̴Ӧ
§ӯڿвܿ콵
ʱʱ磬ʿࡣ
ºţȥơ
һεɣȺš˵ھŸ̨
ǲͬǣǵһ֡
׼ֿ˺̨׼ˣһʢأҲ֣΢΢ס
ʢص࣬һŮӹػĺ˵ЩʲôüﶼǵĽ
ۣŮӣŤ˽ţһƵġԭھ¥ʱģҲɣ
ʢصһߺֻ̨һ˵ıӰһûʵĽ
񡭡˰
վ󣬾뿪вһӵʱ䡣
һŮӿ
λɡ
΢΢üͷȻǸŤ˽ŵŮӡ
ŮӺЦСŮҶ磬һֹĶ֣֪λγƺأ
л˵
~
ϼ~
~


75 
ּ򵥻ش𣺡֡
֮, Ҷ粢ûж⡣
Ůӵĵһ۾;Щ֣Ҫ˵ֻ뵽Ť˽ȴһƵû, ҪƹԼԼɡ
ĵĮûдҶ硣Ҷ֣, ̧ͷЦ˵ҶҼŮСڷǣûߵķ鶼, ҽһ𣿡
ֵؿһۡ
Ҳġ
𣿡Ҷʵ, ǹĹˣ
ѾϰԼ, ȻȻػش𣺡
ŮĹ, ͻشĹ, δ嵽ĳһǳء
ҶıЩ΢ı仯ʣôǲֹ֪ΪΣҲڣʵġ
ȴü, ضҶ磺ٺһΡ
Ҷһ㶣һʲô
ոպֹ, ٺһΡ˵
ҪҶͷһ, , Һﲻ𣿵ѡ
üͷţδɿܾŮӺֹʱֵϤС
ҲѺõġ
Щ
ûĲϲһ, ˵ҲǱȽٵġ
˼ȥΪҶһμĲ̫Ѻá
ҡҡͷ, ȴҶ΢Զһ㡣
Сϲ̫, ΪԼ֡
ҶЦЩҲסˡ
ʱ, ̨ϵļǵϺƣ׼޹Ŀʼ
ټ̨ϣΨһһŮӵĶԾ
Χ˶Χſ֡
ֲϣһֵĸоѾȷ̨ϵһˡ
ѧŻһȥһЧΡ
СĴǰڵͷ󷨡СĴӽͳԼС룬׳ȡ˶Сལ
ҶֳֳͬϻЦض˵ѣˡ
˵գؽֱӳֺϮ
̧ȥҲ˺
Ҷʹýͬʱһ׳һڰзתǵĲʺꡣ
ʺڿУǻը
һ꣬Ͳ˵ŴķΧ
ȻҶĽʼո
ý򣬿ĲϡһֵãһӽзŻӳǿеĲʺ걻ǿ̨
һŻҧסǳײ¡
Ҷջس۵Ļǡ
ĽؿǷɡǵһμýͬʱ÷ġ
ɫƮڿУģҲͦÿ
ֵײϲˮлŻҶ绹ҪǳĻͼա
Ҷ絽зóԼķջ١
û˳ҶȴóһˮСжʱһһˮս䡣
ôˮ
ĲϲʪĶüͳһѻӳ
ͬʱԼڵضܣЩˮմȾԼ֡
ҶִϢĻᣬûˮʱ̴ˮıŽ̳
ַӦŤͬʱýסҶϮĽơ
Ǵ
۶ǶŮӡ
͵һֵĶֽȻͬҶЦĽɱ
Ҷ磬ɱ
һ󣬾ͲŴˡ
ûˮ飬Ѹٻһ׷ֱֱҶȥ
׷رɫ̺żǿ׵ϢףҶڵλá
Ҷɫ䣬̧ȥĽƸ޷赲׷׻Ľͬʱֱӻ塣Ҷ˱׻ط̨ǱſڵϣһѪ
̨֮ۡв׵Ϣ
׷֮ǰùûôǿ
ôҶϣ·Ǽǿ౶һܽҶֱӴб󷨵̨ϻɳȥ
վһɸߵ̨ϣڵϵҶ类ˣؿڣѪֹ
Ϊ׻Уһ鴤
ھ̨ŵӣʤ
ֻǱصҶ磬˴̨ʤ
ȵȣҶĨȥǵѪͷ󺰣Ҳף
һʳ˵Ŀⶼϡ
ַָָԼ̽£ãȻʣʲôˣ
ҶһȳһƿΧˣָ̨һָ
Υأ߽׷̨ʹԽΪף
߽׷
Ǽ̨࣬ϸոշ飬Ҷȷһ߽׵£ʿԳܵġ
Ҷ˵и߽׷ǽǰ棬˽ԲڽУڶʱҲʹø߽׷ͼأ˵Ϊ񶾣ףǰػģԵѻɱģͷ
ѷ
֣Ҫֵķ
еίķԼģŲġ
û˵ķԼġ
ִӽͳŷ
Ǽ˷˿ȷǳ
κʿã󣬴ϰʱ
Ҷָŭոõ׷ֳǵ׷мµķ̹׻ҪŵĻҪĽˣ
׷ҸոջģҸûأ
üʮֲˡ
ôָӮ˵ĺ˲һ
㻭Ҳ˵һҲ˵ԼửǷ𣿸οո䶷֮ʱսҶԷõзֽɰҶ˵ҪᣬҵʶѣȻط׼أ
ֲ֪Լ㲻ޣ϶ǽޡ
ԼģûϹҲˣǲǷ޺һ᲻ửʲôϵ
츳мϵửģǷޣ޻ử˼ַӦǿңһЩʵڲоǽްɣ˫޵ʿ̫̫ˣûС
ΣҪô֤ЩԼģ
˻δ˵Ҷ˵Լٻһšھͻոյ׷
ǼһҲǣ˵ãзֽɰûеĻ׼
㻭ó𣿡Ҷ¶Լݶߣ䳰ȷǲᣬھȥף˶֪һƭӡ޳֮ͽ
񵭵ɨҶ硣
ϲԭеġ
˼˵ҪҷֽɰĻ
ˣִС˦˦ָ⣬ޱͻ
̧ջ
ָڿлһһ֯һǿ
ΪĲɫ䡣
ջǷ޽Ĵ󱦱
Ȼκý鶼ܻʿ𣿡
ȥɵĵӣ
˺ע̨ĹԱɫ΢䡣
Ҷɴۣһ׷޵УڿС
ָһ㣬ȥ
׷շ𣬶رɫ˰յ׵֮ƣٴѸײڶ֮Ʒٻ䡣
һΣȵҶ硣
Ҷ׳Աһε׵֮ԶһεҪǿ˺ѣ׻ٴδ͸ɵͬʱ̨ϵı󷨡
˴׵֮ƣˣҶҲٴλУɳݺˤڵء
ͷĮؿڣ𣿡
ҶǱſڵϣݺҧѪȾĴ
ɶ񡭡ɶĺ
ɫҲ˼Σȴǲ뵽һ޾ȻҲ޷ˣȻջ֮ͨѾﵽһͨĵز
һӣƳķȻ޽ӽ߼
˴Ϊֹפ˲Ϣ˴ʿ֪һСƯŮСལȴջǼǿķޡ
Ҷ˵̫أ˽ݵһ࣬ҽǰΡ
ϴԼϵ˳ԼƾʵӮ̨
ȻˣЩ˵ġ
飬ǳǳá
Ҷ磬Ǹˡ
ͷǰߣȴһֻסȥ·
̧ͷȻʢء
żȻ棬ǾˮˮȻסȥ·
뵽Ҷʼոʢص࣬ҲΪҶ磬µģ
־شӽͳԼСལ
ѣҲµġ
ʢһ۾ͿóľڣҶʦøոն˵ʲô
ҶʦҶ磿
˺һɶܾ衣
ס
㲻Ҫְɣ
ֽز²ǰ˵ʵ˵ڣʵǳǿδشù
˲ԲǱҶҪʦ۸
ʱֵ׼ȴʢһĮ
ᡣ
ֻ㣬ʶ
ȣ
ԥ£˵һμǾ¥ڶμ棬ǰǰ˵Ť˽ҪҷΣǽ졣
ǵûҲΪǵŸ⡣ѣҶôôĶ⡣
֮ɱͰˣ׾
ûиɹ
ʢʵԼҪĴ𰸣ȴȷǳϡ۴ǰŮ
û˵ѵĺۼ
л
΢΢ףȴǲҶйصκ£ֱ뿪ˡ
ֶЩ㶡Ϊ˻Ҷء
û뵽˵һ£ֻһ¡
Ļãûкᡣ
ȺߣΧ˶ڿ
ڵھ̨Ϸʿ֪ˣвٶǻδ̨ʿ¶ЦرºͿغʺá
λѣ֪ʦкɣ
Ѹոյ̨¿ˣѷ˫ޣʵ
Ƿ𣿷˫޵ĵ֮٣Ѹ̳֪ѿɷ񽻸ѣԸΪֽɰ
ÿÿ˵ѣ׷ôˣ
׷ɲѣ̨й涨ʹ÷ɱķģֻԱǷޱ˻ſá
ǵѣʲô𣿡
ֻС
ЩʿΪ·𶼶飬˶졣࣬ŴЦ
˵Ҫķ룬Ĵ˽ңó˲ٵĻķͶܷ
Ҳ֪ôķСʦ֣ûмСʦ֣Էۼղ
ԥ˰죬԰ѷֽǰ
Լм
֮ǰ̯ʱѧһʡмֻۡҪô˵һ㶼
ȻЩʿľҪ׽õ⣬ͳͳǰмķ
ִ̨Ļ飬ʯһһѵ룬Ѿɢ
ʯǰһһǮʯײ࣬Ц
лݹˡ
СغС
˺ööʯȻȥҪķȻһ۴̨͹
ָһ㣬˾ˣ
̯λϵķֽˡ
ʿڴݣͼȴý
ûоķ
Žĸߴʿ̯λǰפ㡣
Ŷֵͷڽңҵһţݸʿ
̧ͷʱֲŷ֣ʿü䡭׺ᡣ
˵Ե
üԴһ۶ܰСſޡ
С겻ֳ࣬գգֽۣݳֵȴǮ
׵ʿӹֽһ¡³ؽֽС
ɻݹˣʯơ
ʿ̹Ȼ˵ûǮǷһˡʱҿɹǲһΡ
ֵԲۣվ㲻˵ģ
ˡʿһۣתߣǷһΡ
ֲ⣬ʿμ죬żʧȺ֮С
ֵȥıӰҧء
ɶ񰡣׺ˣƭʯʯأ
ίر졣ֱ˸ƻˡôˡⶼֱ׳ˣ
´μ棬һҪʯҪ
ҪҲҪΣ
û̯ˣЩʿҲó鲻ãмں䣬ɸĶɢȥˡ
ܿǵڶֵ̨ûʲô˹ע֡
ԼȺ߳ȥ
һɷӯ֦
۴սش
ˣ
ֱͷոˣʯûˡ
´μָҿҰ˵
һ㶣ոûп𣿡
ȴǴ˴գЦҸոմ˸ûһֱ㣬ҪҵǸ𣿡
йҡҡͷҪʲôǸѡ
ֻƺüû⣬Ҳû˯ѹ졣
˸ԼĲӣǴЩܣԾ
ǻȥ
ּϴܣ
ˣ
룬Щ⣬ʱʱģţһʲô˻ء
ǻȥɡ
˵գһҡ
Ҫ׼뿪ȴȺ֮мٵĹٷԱֵһ̣۾һ
ŵӣ֣
ͷЩ˿ʣҲҪ𣿡
Ϊ׵ӰϸƬ̺ʵŵ֣㣬
л˵
~
~


76 

̧ԼƤ
СѪڸԼ, û¶ͺβô֪
ֻЩ֣ǶЩԱ⻹ǱԳʵĴ𰸡
ѽ
úܼ򵥡һ·ϵ˶ݶͦѺõ, δ˻Ϊ
Ȼ䣬ǼŹٷɫ΢䣬߼临ӡ
˫ޡȻǸ
, Ҳ˲٣ԵøӲ
˽ҷΪٰ࣬䶷, 죡ڸһˡ
ŷ, 켸ʱ, գգۡ⼸ֵ, ŴЩ̫
Ϊ, 壬ԾҪôضԴ
ԥ¡֪Ҫȥ, ֻҪ˵͸ûˡ
߳һ, 첲ͱƮƮ, ϵ, ޱʣǴȥģҪʲô
Ϊ׵Ŀ꿴޺, ܲĲܾŴΣյ˲Ҷ࿴һۡ
, ɲС¡ȻҪȥʡ
, Ǳʣ겻, קԼ۴Щĳӡ
ֱ󣬱ܿЩ˴񣬺Щء
ʲôΪҪ
ԭĲӭ
ʣ˽ҷȴݳڴˣǰػģΣգ˻дʣû걨˽ǰûע·ɱ񲻹㣬Ƕмݡ
ɱ
ִδԭıĵط˶̬ȾȻǻɱ
ͬ飿Ŀϣڴ˵Ⱥߡ
Щš֪ЩҪǽɱΨһܴȫģվǰ
ͬһ𣬷̸
Щ˲ϡһҪһ뿪
ͬ⣬ֱӵֵǰð֡
ֵľˣЦͷ֣ܶ𣿡
ǣ䣬û뵽ר
Ƭ̣ȴ΢΢ҡҡͷС˵֣
ЩȻ֪ô֪ݣǴŹٷ˵ҲȷҪݡӦò˽Ŀܡ
˵ĻǶֿǲԵġ
̲סˣֵĻĥĥûصЩһۡ
ȴûж֣
ЩҲ֪ǲǸоһΣգ̲ס˺ˣҪָһˡ
Ǻµġ֪Щ˶ĿҸߡȷǺǰߺȻɱ
ֻôȥҲûʲôáЩҪְ뱣
ԥ죬̧Щ˵ʣҲһʣҴǾˡ
Ϊ׵ĳ̻ؾܣʵĵطֻУ
Σһʣüͷ
ǲҪ⣬ʲôϵ
Ӳ˵ûһ̸ʸҪôԹԸߣҪô͵ɱ
ֶЩˣ룬Ǵ̨ô࣬ȴΪЩµòĻЩġǱ±ߺȥ
˻䣬ֱӱһƻɳȥ
ջ֣˹ػͷ˵ûסȥ
ĳӱ˴ˣΧĳӶʧɫȥάʿ
һʱ֮䣬ӵߡ
ڵ֪Щԭ¶Ц׽ʿǷ׷¶ı顣Щˣһ˵ߡ
һҡ
ѾӽȡСལ²һս޿ɱˡ
Щˣġء
嶼ûжġ
ҧһʱ֮ȻЩãȻ֪Լʲôᱻ˵͵ɱĸ֡
ѵ˵ΪͿԱĨɱ
ֲ뱻ôɱ
սƣóСལЩʿͳӣҲֽͬԡ
ʲô
һӻƿȺ˹ĳ棬üʣֵôзô£
˵˴һ壬ִŸɣǴ㽫͵ɱ
壿ǻ֣´ף㰡Ǹû˰ģ
û˰⼸һֲϳǵüʱߺʿӶ쵽ȥ˰һλ
壬ǺӦ֪ǻ˵˶㶼ûǰȫġ
ˣ˵޺ĺû˵ǾͲҪ£˵
ǻһҪ̫ӵ³ź𣿡
̫ӵĸò˶ˡ
ĸ֣뵽Ѿص̫֮
Ҳ֪ˡ
Ǵ˴ӣ̫ǱѯʡԵɺͬľ͵ʵİ취
Ӳͬ⣬Ŵ˾̫̫ߵӦˬ졣ұʾһ¡
ŭ𣺡棡ҿǹƹܴ˴ȫģ
Ǿ鷳һԿţǲǰȫġЦúת֣λ룬Ǽһ㡣
ֿó˶ûж⡣̫ˡ֪أֻǶԴ΢ſЩ
⻹ͷһ⣬Ⱥ֮жʣЩ˰ճ˽ֵΧΧסߡ
ȴǶһˡֻڵŵ˭ҷģڵʹһĹϵ
֮Уֻ֪ЩˡǣҲǡǸǮĺˣ
Щ⣬˵ԪӤʿȻ֪ޣǵʱ̬Ⱥ⣬Ƕʲôӵӡ
ʵ벻˭ҷˡ
ȴЩʡ
ЦúҲһ˽ӳСɽҰ֮ɢ
ĳˡ
ԥ£һ϶ǣڶҲǰ
ûȥ磬ҲɽҰɢ
ʦָġ룬˵
ʦʦ𣿡׷ʡ
ҡͷʦ塣
˻ͷͬŵＸ䣬ٿʱ΢һЩ
㲻ɢǸеޣ
ֲôһ˿΢ı仯ͷǵġ
ǴСһǸսӴ壿һ䡣
룬ԼʱһֱԨ༫ֻһ˵ȷǴСġ
һֱġֻش
Χ˶˿
Ϊ׵ףԭˣ㵹ûΣԡ
һ⣬μ䶷ᣬĿʲô
ԥ£Щ֪Լܲ˵
ǺҲֻʵʵ˵ˡ
ΪǮ
ҲЩ㶣̲סʣ˵ʲô˵һ飿
Ҳνˣ˵Ϊ̨Ӯ˻ǮҪ׬Ǯģ
һϵĴ𰸡
ЩҲһʱԷӦ
˭õһĲԶǧðŸΣղμ䶷ᡣ
˴üͷܾһΪǮ̨
ȴȻصͷȻˣλûκвӦ׼
ôĴһȺԴ󷢣ô죿
ֱʵŪˣǸӣҲŲᣡ
ʲôƫ
󣬴»̫ӵƿأ򵥹һֵʣˡ
Щɢȥ¶һЦ˹֣ȴʲôҲû˵뿪ˡ
˵ıӰ̧ҧָ
£ǲ֪Χġ
ֻ˲²⣬ǸҲ֪顣Щˣ֪˭ҷ
̾˿
߰ɡ
קקӡ
ۿԶԲ̨̨ӣǸ˴ĳ׼ġ
ôƮƮקקҲûмˣֵ̧ļ
鲻ã
ֱ죬ͷ
˭ôһΧ˵ʲô͵ɱ鶼òġ
ȥ档
˵ţָ˴غ꣬Ҵߡ
ȥ뵽˿ʦֽ𰣬һֽ𰣬Ҳ
ͻΣȻڻС
һ̣ΧĿŤ·ǿռ䱻˺ѵķֵĶ
ζ̧̫צԼĶ䡣
֪˶ãֻ۾ĻпҪ˯ˡоԼԴ˴
ˡ
ۣĻµأΡ
һ̣΢΢ۡ
ǰʯɳԶĴŽʯĺˡ
ɫĳںչ裬дĲֻк˵Ĳౡ
ǳʪģȴŨҵģҫɳϣϸɳӷ·𶼷Ź⣬һӰ޴ε
Ǻ
ȹŴСһʯСߵɳߡ
²ŷ·ݽȥֵģʶСӴɳȥ
ֲɳϲصߡҪߵ˱Եʱ˳һһĴɳһһȥʪɳ
ţ̽Ų˲ʪɳء
һСѾӡӡ
Żûһ˾Űɫ˻ĴֱӽֵĽźȹڴʪ
ĻܴЩվȣ˳ȥʪȹҲǸ˱ߣ
Ȥȹȥɳӡ
ϲˮС꣬ȴǳڴ󺣲ɫ֮У̲סںˡ
һ߹ĵطһĽӡڷ˻Уϵĺࡣ
Ȥġ
ջɸߵľˣɫ˻ָһ㣬˷·۾Ű
ȹæܣֻÿ죬־У˵ĻڿзһȦ˳ȥ±˾ͷ֡
ַһûմˮЦ۾䡣
񡭡ͦȤ
ǰ˶ôˮ
һֱ̫óˮոձ﷭һȦǰǱɫˮɫ˻ƣϵĺ塣һȻţԼĻͺҲͦġ
ҲѧԼһѧĶȥ
ˮķ˵Щ
ΣֻӺоһСˣĵű߾ûˡʣһֻзƴ
ֹззܡ
ззǯķɿ졣
Цö
ֱ۾֡ܺһֻз׷ÿĵС꣬Ӧò
Ѿɳ̲ϼ˺üݿǣһǳɫƯıǡϲıڻ
ֽһ򿪣Ȼʮ顣
ֿˡ̽ȥһ塣
Ȼȥϴɾ㴮˵
룬ܸԶ𣿡
ܡɨ۰ڵ飬СȳƣѡѡЩܸһСŮ
ЦˣرЩǣҼȥңҪ㴮һ
üҴ飿
ϲʲôر󷽵˵Ҫʲôȥҡ
ЦüǾͱǣҴףҹ档

ֵͷеıǣƯҪһöǳɫòһıˣССһöȻ棬ǳǳϸϸģ乤
־öǸ
𣿡
꿴ۣЦˣƯܼôƯıǡ
ֲ˼ͷЦ
ں߽ϴ˺üΣǻЩˮϢӽǲɣרýб֣µطС
Ҫģװá
Ȼɳ̲һһȥпʦġϲò֪ǲһģ͹׼ϰɡ
ǳɫı̫ˣ˺ö඼ǡ
󣬻ҵһǳɫмһɫıǣƴСܱ̫ȫ͸ף͸Уһ˿С
ֽöҲϴɾ
ɳ̲һұǣһȥȺ棬Ҫ׷зܣǰеĲ˶֮ԺȫͶ뵽ûм֮С
ȥ𣿡
飬Ķȴҡͷˣеµġ
溣̫չ㣬ܲɳ̲ߵĺ棬ǻûȥ׼ǲϲʪġ
õͳֵֽ𰡣
ɽϷֽ𰲻ͬĺرһֽڿҡȥɵü˺λá
ֽ𰣬и뷨ͷ˳ҿſ𣿡
ظſֽϣ
˷ܵصͷָָָֽԼҺСģſ档
ƺЩΣΣա
ĲġĸˣӽͳžžžԼ˺üţȻҡС꣬ǰͷ
ĬƬ̣ȴջֽ𰣬С걧ȥ
צӱֽ𰡣
ָһ㣬Ϯֽ˲ʱ
ֻëëҷɣȴ˵ſ죬Сĳһ
ֽڷкϺ£ֱֽ𰣬̲󺣣˾ǧ㣬ХУɫչںɹ
վɳ̲ϵ̧꣬ŶǰͷմۣʼĿ
ֺȻͨˡ
Сɿֽ𰣬ӯطս䡣
׹ʱɫСɫȹŮſϱڿиܷӵ
һ㣬𣬲ȹǧ㣬סӯźء
ֻЦ
ı鲻̫ãǿܸ˵ģû˵ʲôǴ˴
档
ͦġЦˬʣԲŶŵˡ
ȥջֽ𰣬ʲô벻ɸ߿׹棿㡣
ҡҡ֣вУֻôߵġ
һ㹻ˡ±ɺĻУصʱȻԼһ¡
С֮ǰ˵ǽգҪԼСɽ¼棬
⣬ǰΪ̫Ϊ̫ԣˡ
Сòڼеʦɣ
ֱլԺſڣػΣһͷʱȴ˵Ӱſڡ
˳ǵȥ
ȴɫ
ɫĿֵϣϣɻջߣЦرС
ֹòˡ·ֹ֪ɷҽȥСƬ̣
л˵
~
ϼ~


77 
ɫ, ·ˣ
ֶ֪ܲɵɫЦЦǰϵǢ, ô˵ˣɫȥ
ѾǻƻյʱլԺа, ֻз紵ҶƮϸ
ͥ˰һС׼һˮ߽ᵽһϢȷһһ
Ȼһ, Ҳδڼзˡ
С, Ȼڲڡ
֪ǲ, Ĳǹġ
ֹ, òˡһпɻ˳
ɫǸϰں˺ѵ, һֵסլдףʯ, Ц֡
Ҳм²ɫ, ǱȽеġ
, һжܺáֻͷʱ, ֪ȥԾԼɫ
ֻһˣɫ̧, ֵͷʱͷɿ˹ȥ
̧ͷ
ɫЦǺǵ˫
Ȼǰ, ÿɫʱ, ܻ͵͵Լ, ɵô¶Ц⡣
ϴڵɽҴһҶûü˵
ɫ֣Цա
ֹɫ̾һڵӣ޷ǰ
ЦЩ󣺡ܴ𣿡
ܴ󡣡ɫֱȻһ£ǰ㲻Ц˵Ҳǡڵ㣬ѾЦźʺˡ
ᣬ᲻Զӳ
Ц˵ΪǺóԡ
ɫȴҡҡͷ˵ĲָΪ뿪ϤĻһ㡣
༫ô㱾еĵطͨ裬ֻȥ˺ӣ£ɽôȥ·Լһ룬뿪롣ɫ˵
ֻǵһôϸһ룬ȷġ
ڻԼΪڰȫڣȻЩɡ
ͬصͷ˵öԡ
༫ֻǳ༫кȴûȥ·ԼԼ޶һܣڿ
˷ˣɽﶼûмء
ɫȴЦЦúˬʡ
ֹܺáĺܺá͹úܿġ
ֽźȥһ죬˵ȫ֮ԺЦеǶͷ
ѽܿĵġ
ľͺáɫԥԥأ̧죬ں˵༫ʺ㣬ֹǶգҽȥһ亹˵ˡ
ҲŴС˵֪ģҲȥˡ
ҿɲ˼ɫһЩûæԲ֣ҵ˼ǣ༫յøһˣѹ֣˴˱Ҳܱҿɲ㲻ȥҶ췢ģҾ޴⣡
ɫضָģҲ֪ôôôһ仰
õģû˼˼˳Ļ˵˵Ҳͦ⣬Ҫˣҵȷȥġ
ģɫҪÿ޳ˣץͷ䷳Դϣֵ̧ļ˵˵ݣԲõ֪ˡ
ðִӦغˬ죬ѾܾûмˣԺ󡭡
ֻ˻񣬶ջ˼ЦȽǳӦҲټˡġ
ɫһ鼫ʹࡣ
ֹô˵Ƕûоԡ
ֿǰôɫҲȤЦпһŶ
ɫ·ˣô˵ôΣջ⣬ֱӵͷӽȡƴľޡ
£һЩ⸬ֹﰮԣءɫͷɿ˸תϴУ
⸬
۾ˡ
ʲôʳܸģԼԨ⸬˰ɡ
е⸬ҲóģŲأû뵽ôɣɫߴĶС
лл㣡ֽӹľޣָ˴ӣ̧ͷҵĻ㻹𣿡
ɫɫ⸬ģûжҪ
ҲˡɫٵĽУȷôմ⸬ֻ˵༫ֻ⸬
ֱľ޵΢΢һ
ֻ⸬ڳ༫ˣԨô⸬
ɫôôɣ⸬
ҧŴĬ˺һ̧ͷЦЩȻգƵʶࡣ
Ԩʲô𣿡
ɫſھǣֻҡ
˵֣ɫ͵طӦŵض֡
ֹѧթˣ
ֵõ֪Ĵ𰸡
Ħľޣ鼫临ӡ
ȻԨɫġû⸬Ļᵱɫ·ġ
Ԩ⸬𣿡ֿǵ˵ʲôûУ
ȴѾȷɫĵԨķԸ
ɫԴϣ̾˿ƹˤֱ˵˵һѣҿ״̬Σһ᲻ˡ֮һ˵Ļ㡣
ֵͷŶһ
ָľ棬·ĲɵģҲʲôռ顣
𣿡
аɫ룬Ǻ̹Ȼһš
̧ͷ¶ɻ󣺡˭㣿ѽ
̫һЩµĵƢáһ䣬ƽﶼƲģȫ̫ţҲǸ˵ġ
Ƕ䣬ɫģͦƯĳɫݣԵġ
ǳޱȲ죺㣿
ɲǣɫ̾ҡͷ챻ȥţżûȥأͱԸ˼£ԼܳҶžشһ£ȥ˶ˡ
ֱݸŪЩЦסˣǼ⣺ǸŶ
ɫ̲ס˵֪ǵĶŵģұˣȻȥˮˡ
ɫЩ˼顣
˰죬ŰЦ˻ȥֻأž֪Ц˺þá
ô˵Ƕܾ񡣡
ɫȻǾġÿ콽ˮݣչ˵ĺܾϸȥڰ̨ɹ̫
ʮܳ谮ֲˡ
ţǺܷġ
СأСǽԨҲˣ֪ûС
ɫɫЩ֪ģЩ£ǲ֪ġ
ȻɫҲδСǡ
òСǵϢЩźǺСǵġ
ֹأֱʮˣһ֪Σɫʵ
ҲڣԼֱľɫ
ɫ˼
ԭֹϲ
ǵİɡԼҲȷȽ֮ǰڵʽܸˡ
Ҳ˳ʵǳ༫أôʲô仯𣿡
ɫĬ˺һ˰죬˵ֹʱͦġ˵ǷΧ
ʱ༫Ǻĵѹ뿪󣬳༫еķΧϢĿɲ
ÿȥҵ㱨Ҫ£ҲǴҴȥҴ뿪Ըһ̡
˳˵˵ʲô仯ĻǾ˾ϸˣԻˣ·ˡ
ȴ˾ϸʱʲô
˾ϸ󡭡ϡǵǸŮӣ˾ƣڳ༫𣿡
ɫؿ֣ҡͷʮǰ˾Ϊ˶֮£ͷӳ༫ˡ
ָ´̲ס룬˾ʲô£ᱻ༫
ɫҲĦ°ͣ˵Ҳ֪ƤһϢġҲ˾ϴȥȣʧͦͻȻ
ô
ƺʣʲôûʣֻ˵˺þõĻֲڴӼ﷭Ҫ˲ġ
լԺƽﲻ裬ֻܸ׼ˮ
ɫҲҲԳԺȺȵģլԺ˵ٹһ䣬ž˽͸ˡ
ֹͦûʲôѹ˿õġ
ҹĻ֮ʣɫҲයǡ
ֺܾûǰ˵ϻˣɫſڡ
ɣֿԼլԺĴţһô£ߵ˾վ¹¡
·ſ˳
۾һȥ

ʦǰЩ˵Ҫ뿪ֻ¿һ߾죬û뵽ҹˣŻ
šʦֵ̧ͷ˳ƿֵɫʦʱãȻģãȻлЩ𾪣⣬һɵɫࡣ
ɫŵʲô֪ʲôûйܣǾֲôţɫǿ¶Ц
ֹˡ
õģһ·ء
ֿͿ˵仰ԥ˰죬ɫ˵鷳㣬ҸԨ˵һллҺϲ
ɫ֪뵽ʲô۾һ̷ԼĽӣҵһֻֽݸ֡
ֹΪֽʲô˵ģֽ˵ȥõ׶ĵл
վԭûֽ
˵˾ģֽ۳ֽװɡ
˺һֲڽӹֽ
ֽעֽᱡ͸
һֽ˵Ԩлл
ֻǶ̶ĸ֣ǲ̫ˣԥԥֲһ䣺⸬Һϲ鷳ˡ
ɫЦúϲ£ۺõֽպá
ֹˡ
һΣɫûٶߵúܿ졣
ҹĻʧıӰ˻
ʲô
ǣصլԺڡ
ֻع˨ʰáͥԺеҹ򶼵ˡ
ͥļɽˮϣһ˶ĺ飬ĹͥԺ
롭ЩãȻ˵Ԩô֪⸬ûˣ
ʦ˵Ҳֻ֪˳Щ
ô˵ĻҲǡָҪ˵ȴ΢΢ü̧ͷɻؿſʦ
ô֪⸬Ԩģ
ʦ֮ǰ˵ģ⸬һҪġ
ֱⷬ˵ǸŪԼˡ˵𣿶˵ԨһҪ
ô˵ҲɣʮԨǰһҪˡ
صʯԣɫľ޻ڷ롣
رϵϴ֣ӲøɸɾŴľ޸ӡ
⸬ɫʣǸʡ
ȡһ⸬ݸʦ
ԼȡһҸۡ
ȻѽԨ⸬õġ
ôˣ⸬ﺬЦ⡣
ţܸ˵ġֻشܸɴ࣬һֱϲ⸬µ⸬ܸСˡ֮ǰҲϲš
һ⸬ˣܸоЩʲô̫ԡ
ҹɫУߵվԭⲻ⸬ԲĬá
ֺһô𣿡
ʦƽĿֵϣ죬ζЦһ
ûʲôһҲںͷ
ȫûʦ˵Ļ
ԼΪʦ˿ʱɡҲô⡣
յǴ̨˼ܣһ죬ԡܿȥ˯ˡ
˯һ룬ֺظо𶯡
ǴСġµĵػ𶯡
һ񣬼Ҵų
һֺɫ£ԼԼ͸ΣյϢ
ʦһīɫĶվͥԺ֮С
ҹĻʮɫӰլԺլԺΧʣ·һȦ͸Ĺâ
ּһ۾ϳǽ硣˽լԺС
ͬʱһʿƳǰ
ִ㵵ط֣Ǹֵʿ
Сѣˡ
ǺʿЦ˻ƣȡˡ
л˵
~



78 
ַӳԼС, նСལŵضЩʿ
Щʿ֪ҵģý罫˴糹׸﷢κ, 綼޴ӵ֪
˵ģŷģ
ʦƺҹвδ˯Ųκ, ǵɨǺʿ
һ͸ˡĹĵ߬Сལ
ԣ
˺ȻҪʲôۣ, Ҳȥűʯ
, Ǯ, ôһԼнһǧʯˣ
ڿʿ, ѾԴŭˡ
ʿһ, źҰɼķΧ
ִӽץȥһ, ɢ˺, ɺ֮вŵЩʿѾԾƽ
ַӦСལֵ, ͬʱӳ
ڰбը, ȼĻ𻨵ȼǼʿ·ȴֻǺСĻ磬δɴ˺
ȻôСԼˡ
ʦЦֽý鲢ûԼͨʺý鴫ݡ
ֶ, ҪԼջѾõġ
ֻЩʿ, Ǻʿз·߬һɼǿ, ɢа, ʼһʱ˽̬֡
ʦʵҪҰæ𣿡
ҲԥԼ򲻹ûдô֪
Ҵ򲻹ĻŶ
ֽŵضЩʿúúøоһԼʵ
ʦȻűվֵ󣬰Ŀ
Σպ֮ѾȻͬˡ
㣬СལӳĽ䲻ڽ˻ˣֵܵˡҪԴķ
ѾܺѸٵýֵͬʱоջ
Ϊýķӳµ
˲ȼƬգЩҹϮʿ޷
ʿʼĿ֡
ҲһֱܽšЩʿַ֣̽ɱСһֱвеĺʿδ֡
Щʿ˺һ̶Цһһǲˡѹӵ۵ˡ
ַ˿гֵϮ̲סŴһֱ˵ۣҲ㣡ôһˣҪۿ϶Ҫ£
ǺʿЦöһ
ˣˣҪΪϵ飡

ֶܵӰ΢΢һ١
СҲ˵֡ͬһˣֻɶǶأ
ܾЩ󱳷䡣
ʲôϣŶ¡
Щʿٶȱ
ýֵ÷ɲ̫Щ˱ˡҪôڱ˵ͬʱ˵ǣԼˣ
룬жСལһ˫ͬʱһһ
𽻻˲䣬˳ֵķӿֱֱǺʿȥ
ˣԽڵլԺһ֮¡
Щʿ޴ţǱȴеƵòòء
ɱȦĽ磬ǵĽ
ʿ¾ȻƷ̧֣֣̺ļǿ˲䳯ӿ
ԾסСལֵ
ԶǰӴģײ˲䣬֪̾ԼǴ˶֡
Ҫɳȥ
ʯ֮䣬ֻ뵽һ
ȴķ䲢δ֡
Сལǹ֮Уһǳɫϡ
ΪԶ֮ϣʱɱҰɱ㿴
ʦ赭д˵
ͬʱǳɫ˲仯УǺʿϮȥ
ǺʿٶȺܿ죬ʼӰΡǺʿץֵסȫС
ǱеʿʹҽһΪһ̯Ѫˮ
Ǻʿ»֣̿ſʦ
ܡ
Ҳˡôɣܽһʿ
Ǻʿֻһȷߵ˾Բǵġ̳ӡ
ǽ类󣬰֮лһ硣
ʦȴÿһļ⣬ơ
𣿡
ͳ
Ǻʿʵ֮ĲࡣŮ߾Ȼ˸ڲࡣ
ʧˡ
ʿӲȥԾͰߵȫɱˡ
ѪһغǺʿеѪȫյԼС˲һ
ֿЩġ
ʦҲƿߡ
Ķ
ͷѯ֣ɱЩ࣬Ҫ𣿡
ֲ뿴뿴ôģԥ죬̧ס۾ָһָķ϶
ڶɡ
Цһعͷȥ֣Ǻʿķһ
һĺʿ˲ӼŤһ̣ը
۾
ȥʲô
ֱһŸоʦļ
ˡ
ַ۾۴լԺ֮С
вͬûѪûжʬ塣ֻһʿڵϡ
˿Ѿɱ񣬺͸ոȫͬ
ʦָһ㣬Ǻʿĺ¡
ȴ¶˰븱á
ֿ̲ס߬ſʦӡ
ʲô
ʵ޷⡣
ʦǰ븱ÿ˻ջߡ
ˡԵ͡
ԥ˺һʣͿһ𣿡
ʦ񶨣ȫͬ
֮ƣʶѾӵʶ
ֻΪĿʦҲĿܣִ֪
ʦͣԥ죬ֻǸ֡
ҺͿܣĿܲͬҪ֪ǣ֮жģʶģһɹ˻ꡣ
˵˾ǿ˻걣Լʶ
ֻ
˵ʦĿܣǱ׼ϵĿܡĿûʶ
ŷ֣ȫһ˵ģԼϲãƢС˼ʵȺǡ˵Լ⣬ȫκοܵĺۼ
ǻ׺ݵĿܡ
Ǻʿµİ븱ãǺɫͷϻɫӫ⡣
ֶ˵ĻЩ⡣ǿʦȫ⣬ȥǲլԺиɸɾûѪûʿǵʬá
ɪҹУ°عʡ
ڴͤ﷢˺һĴ
˺ܶܶ飬뵽һȥ
ǿܣҲǻˣʲô
ʱһɡ
õͦã춼ûм
СլԺӭһλˡ
ִȥ򶹽ſأҪŵĺ˺ֱ档
ֿЩ£ΪǺʿͬ־ˡ
˷ºۣ¶һŽĪա
ֹò
ֵԲۣ
ȴǴӵҶɾֱһֱ
Ҳڶִ̨æȻĻпܻЩٱ
ôչĻ̨϶ܼˡ׬Ǯ˵Ļᱻǩɱ
ȥ㣬ֺˡ
ȫ̫ӵļӣú۰Լţֵ󣬿˶ͰӣҪһݡ
ֶ⽡
صլԺʦͥԺеĳرߣһС⵶ڵЩʲôԶԶͿֻˣֵ󣬻һϤģЩ̫ϲˡ
ֹп˰
ͥԺдߵˣЦЩǸ⣺ǸĲʱ򡣡
ǿˡ
ֽϣкһԡ
ҵͬ顣
ʦȥϴ֣ƻصʯ
֪λγƺ
ֺЦʵ
ʦɨ֪ʲôζ˵
Цһϸߵˡ
Ȼ𣿼²仯󡣡
ּˣ͵ͬѡСڡڱĵطˡ
ôЦ˵ˣºֲһҲЩ񡣵ϴˡ
ҲŻͷʦ
еСǣͿʦȫǲͬĴڡ۴εԸʵȵĿʦִյСǣ඼ܴҲϴɣ
˵ǰţʰǿʦǵһͷֹȷĬҲ岻֣ԹһͥҶء
ǰЩлˡ
ֵȿʦæ꣬ȥϴ֣ߵл
صлϾǰЩҪˣֻ²ʰ
صлСһ׮ڳرߵʯֵʱ߷ŵˮͰʳ˳˼šúβԡ
Ҳһʯ
ңʲô𣿡
ȷһ£ֹԸ
ض˵һ£Ҷ꣬һֱȥûܰﵽҡֹʶУĵˣǿˡҲпܰҵˡ
Ŀ佱ʣӡ
ĵزҲΪ֡
˶٣ŵˣʣҪ˵Ұʲôҿܲ
̲סЦЦ
˵ʲô¡ȥȡһѽ
˵赭дҲֻˣʣô򵥣
Ȼǡδ˵رϸ
˵ǣһιģڹ֮еǰѽΨһһѣѪ֮նɱҵĽ
εĹ޷򿪣ͬҲҪ򿪹Ψһİ취öɾȥš
һֹæҲΪֹ֪жɾ顣˵̹ȻԼ֪ĸ֣뿪ɾʱҿˡ
ŶһԴ˵ûʲôġжɾ飬ɾĻ壬¸֪ġ
ȻԷ˼һҶɾˡȡ
ֻ𣿡
Ҳǡ˵򿪹ֻǵһǰѽ˵ֻõó
źƣɱҵĽȻֻõóʲô
ҲûҪֵ˼ޱǷһŮһ顣ŵԶɱ
ǡЩʣ˵ѽֻѪ˲ܴ𣿡
ЦΣΪҸΪŮĺӡȨǸǶĸӵġ
ȻǰһιڼǰȥλĹĵܵܣ̫޷ĶԴ
ǶĸӣȴʧӰ١
ֺ뵽۳˵Ļǩɱ
Ҳ˵ӹȡǰѽ
㡭Ҫɱ˹𣿡

ֿ˺һֻǵĺ棬ЦЦףشغǸɴࡣ
ԡ
ߵһУʱ򻹻ˡ
ֻ뵽˵
һ̫ӣȴǱر׷ɱһ͡
̫֮ȴٲά裬С
ֳĬƬ̣΢΢ףҶˣһġ
Ҳаġ
𣿡ֱվ׼ӽ﷭ڱС塣
ڡҲЦ߻δ׼ȫһغҪҵǰõ׼š
ŶһҲȥСˡ
ֹԸңΪ³֮󣬸ֹϴһݣϣֹϲġ
˵
ֵǰ˰֣ңҲˣ㲻ر
ЦŹ֣ǿɾĶлֹˡ
뿪ִӽзɫСǣܵʦǰ
ĹУʼڴͤţڵЩʲô
㣡
ְɫı̯Уݵʦǰ
Ǹǳɫòʵıǣ˴סȴ˿ףʱ͸š
˽ӹССıǣϲ̵˵ںÿģߺᡣ
ǲСС㡭Ϳʦһ룬뵽ʧԼС㣬ЦʧЩյ̾˿
µЦҲʧСǣµǻҪԶ𣿡
ַӦŶ鶼ϴ˻δء
С꣬ױ˻⣬ȥϴɾѧôס
鴩ǸֲᣬһֱоôϸС׻Ĵ
ÿͥԺﶼסӴСϸ׵磬ϸ룬״顣
ֻĽִý˿ˡ
ȼԶ͸Զȥ
ڴ֮ǰֵ䶷ҲԼ
ֺͿʦ˲ӳ߳Χ˶ϳһ˫޵򣬵ʱ᳡˲֪λ˫޵Ů塣
ԭ׽ֽʿǣ󶼿ƿߣĴڡ
ߣڿʱݺü
ôҲý
ܴһ
С
ʦΪ鲻ã֡
Ȼֻ°ͣһóش𣺡ôˣֲᣡ
ӲЩƫʿҼǺ
ʦǲ룬ôش
ôˣһ͵̨ҺһַֿʦעĿ⣬͵ңҲҪǵģ
ʦЦ⣺ò
ӲСη塣
ִ֣ڳʿֻоʮˡ
˵һ֡
ڴ˵ľʮʿ󲿷ֶὫĿϡ
ЩˣʼûЩˡֻҪǸ͸ȥ
׼ȻЩʿδ֮
ֱʱ룬СĴ졣
߬Сལ̨ϵáĶһֱվ̨²
ҾܾһԡҪȥʸ񣡡
ʿĻδĲʿӭϡ
˵ûʲôʱҲܺ޻һˣ࣡
Ͳ޲룬дٽ
Žվһɸߵ̨ϣȴЩΧָ
һȰԼҪ˵ġֻҪֻҪȥ
ɻǻеίԶĿʦƺ⣬󲽶
۾һȴȴֺȻǿʦĻԼ۸һᶯ֡ԥ˰죬Ŀڿʦϣҡҡͷ͸Ҫ
һԣһԿԼܲܡ
˭˵Ҫд˵ģ
Բε̨ƿɫٷһ֧ʣڴմī֭߳
ĵΧĹٷӶʺ
ˡ
ˡ
֮Ϊ˵˿̨ŽҧŴ֡
̨ɨһļˡ
֣սʤһ㶣־Ȼ﷣ʯˡ
ʼսŲʿˡ
ôӮҪ
˲ͷ̧ʣʼīηʿϡ
ӹ򣬹ʱ볡Ĳԩ˵ǵīʿϣȾڡ
û¶Եīˮ飬ѧһѧò

ʿغ
ôˣЦ͸ɱ𣿡
ʿľͷ˵ԣ嶼
а
˵չһ˫ᣬȶӿ
ҲбɱҰ
Щʿɵˣ˵ǰ˵Ϊߵ޷࿴һۡ
ԭɱʿֵƿߣ˵
ҲˣŵǰǶᣬδ˾ȻҲΪ˱չĳ
òκλӦЦɱˣ
˸һӦʿǶڶĿ⡣
࣬ҺĽһ̧̧ƤһЩʿ
۸̣Ϊ磬
л˵

ϼ~


79 
ֻǵһοſĳ, ⣬磬û, ǰʱһֱ˱ӻĴ
ȻǺ壬塣˸Ӵһߡ
̨ΧΪȻı, Եø㡣ȺỺʱǲŹٷ˶ֽضǺ˵ˣ֪ˣû۸̡ɡ
̨ǰ, ֹ˹ָ
ֳų߽
ںô˵, 㲻Ƿκˡ
˵, ߵɨЩʿ
ڳһƿߡ
ԶԪӤϵΪ, Ϊܵò˶Ϊޱӻ, õ˲˵Ĵ
ҪǺ˿жĳƺΪ̡
ʮŮôлأ
û֪͵Ļ֣ԼҲ֪
Դӳ, ֻҪ֪ݵĴ, ʦ, Ὣһٰ̰չ, ʱ
ϸʶһС㣬һС, ֻλˡ
СǸһ, СǾ͸˵, ѧ·С̡
Գ, ֻλˡ
ĳ򣬿ɲδѹڳʿ̧ͷֻ˫ѥ̨
ߵʿȺУЩ˶׷á
һ˦뿪ˡ
ֻվ̨ϣ߬Сལͬǣ֮ǰ˶ԵίͲĶʧˡõһֻչˡ
Ҳ׳ĻܻᾭõĴ
ֲɵĽЩڳߵˡ
ŵӣʤ
ǼϽֵʤš
ϾʿСĴ첻̨ΪȨֲսʤ
Ȼ˿ûκٶˡ
΢˽һ˶֪λûоĹְȴΨһһλǰιʱڣһ֮µιʱڵȨ
˵ʿҲ˵յǮơ֮Ƿ˻ʿﲻ𲻸ǵĴ
ֻû뵽λ˾ȻҲ塣
ǹǩĽɱپЩ˼ˡ
̨̨ԵĻ˹֡
ֹǴ˵
ǵȥ˰λŶһʵʵȹǻߡǰͷһ¡
ʦȺ⣬һվšĿߵķչ·֪﷢ʲôԶԶأ΢΢ס
ԶԶس˼ۡ
ƽ¡
ھŸ̨ĴɽλһԲε̨ľأӡ
ǻߵӣվֱˣ´ֹ

ǻӣԼȥ
ֲ˲ͷС߽С
вúܼ򵥣һ̺֯ӣһųյص֮һС齡
վڳűдʲô
ֽͷҲ̧š㡣
˵˵ģġ档
λɿʣ˳ڱϴϴңһ˲̧֣֡
ֵͷǵġ
塣ʣǺһ𳤴𣿡
ҡҡͷǵģǰĵطġҺʶѾˡ
˵ź֪ķ֣ԭͿʦʶ񣬲Ŷ̶¡µʱദſʦǺʶʮˣ磬Ϥ
˼
ԭˣûдչˣ
Сָָ⹴ŵ˵㡣
ֻ㡣
Ψ壬Ǻһ̡
һ
Ȼһ̵ܡЩ꿴Ƕˡ
Ǽֲ˻רŽ͵壬ʲộгбӻֱ̳Ϊֹ㳤ˣҲȥӻ̡
ҶˣֻǺˡ̲סʣΪʲôһֱ̣Ҳһˡ
ﻮ֣ѵֻһ
Ϊ̡˵Ļشûлشһ
Щ⣬뵽С㡣һҲʮòȴ˿е
ǶǴˡ
̺ͳ굽ô֣ʵҾѾ쳤ˡ
üζغһ
ȻǸûд̵̣ʲô
ĵͷ̡ܽ
˵̳Ψһ֣|ĳ졣
˵꣬΢΢üЩΣĳģȴҪһ㡣
ûģģֱܷ˵Ǽ֡ǺεȺ塣
¶ıúһ֪Ǹ̡
Ǻ⣿˼˰û׷ʵ
˼Ƭ̣һּίķʽ
˵׽һˣӵʱ򣬾Ͳˡ
ӵʱ
˼˼˰죬ʲôҲû˼
ȡһ֧ʣմīֽϷдݣȻīֽŵݸ֡
ҸоһЩ˼飬ȥ˾Ͷʲô˼ˡ
ֽӹֽ
лˣ
Ȼ̵㣬ұ㳤ֽдºͶ֣ʾ֡˹˵һ̣ҡ˾˾ǡ
ԥ죬ȴû
ˣͺȻϾ忴ͺͲ
ǰĺˣͱ꣬ûŴ
Ļ˾˶ֽе˰ɡ
˾ˡֻǺһ
ȻҲףΪʲôǺ˾ˡ
һָ˱Ҫںô˵ôֻμǳģ˵Ŀġ
ֽСģΨһĿľ׬Ǯ
ţ˳һᡣ
ĵ֪Ǻ塣ϾԴǰ𣬺弸ˡ
һ㶣֪ΪʲôЩġ
бĺɡС˵
У١ۣһˣһ֯Ժĺһ
߬֡
ˣ֮ǰڵҶɾУҲô˵˵Ҫɱ꣬Ժꡣ
Ժ˵ȻôΣ
ִͷЩѹ
Ҳغ⡣˵Ǹˡħɱ㣬ܽ㱣
ֵû뵽ֻһ棬;ȻҲܿʦ
ſʦĴڣһӵֳˡ
ŶȻṆ̀ڼõ˵ıӻûʲôɳܵġͬʱúȡҵΪ
˵Ҫӵʱ򣬲Ǵ
˼ţǻȥűһʦɡ
΢΢֪ʲôЦ
ˡ
̴վ
նл
΢΢ףȥɡҽġ
ǣֱֽͷȥһ濴ѧϰġ
û̾͸ôϽ
һʱˣָһë
⣬ɫޡ
£Ѱҡ
ȻٴζԺ͹л
΢΢ۣҪתʱؽס
ǲʶپ
գۣʵʵˣǵġô𣿡
ûôȻ޹أҶˣҲٶһ㡣ͳ΢΢°ͣСԺЩˣҪɱ
ɱ
ֺð춼ûзӦȻֿµ顣ȥҪϽҵ
صÿʦվ档Ķ
˵ˣ
ţ˽ҺܶࡣЩЦǱɱϢ𾪵ˣټСô춼ûЩġ
ǻȥɣҵȥС㡣
ʦֵ󣬲ʣΣ
ҪɱС˵ĺʿǳġǶĻϲˡ
ʦȽŽŲ˽ִ̧֣˴Դ
ֻ
֮ģֹΡʦ˵Сѣ鷳»в١
Ŷˣ˻ҲΪѰΪŮ
һֱԼ̨Уȥ¡
ԶִҲˣֱȥԶɡҲ
һ뿪̨ʱЩʿǿģǶûٳԲѷֻ˵кվǰӻ̬֮Уûκ˻Ϊ鷳ˡ
ϾǾ仰˵ķǳ
ûڳǰ۸̡У
ֺͿʦǰ˵Զ˵ģ˻ǵǣʮֽȥкȲ衣
ûһԶŮˡ
ڳúܺã֮ǰĥԵ㲵СԲ˻Цһ˫öԡ
ֽ㡣
ԶʼЩ¿ʦģûˣֻ˸񣬾ܵǰ
ֽ鴮Զ
Լĥã㿴ϲ𣿡
ѡСһ£ɫһƯ
Զܾϲ鴮֡
ϲлֽ㡣
ϲͺãЦʣأǵϢ𣿡
Զ㣬΢˰ҧŴ˵˵յһϢǲ֪׼׼
˵˴ץЩڰݽ
һ㶣ߡ

ʲôطȥ
ֱվȴԶץסӣֽ㣬ô򵥵ģ
ԶӸҲ֪һЩæ˵Ѱ˽ȥˣֻаݵĿõż㣬µĿˡҪȥҪһǧʯ
һһǧʯ΢侲ʯУǰݵĿ˲ҡ
һһСŮ̾˿
Ҫôȥء
ʦһ࿴Ǹ
̧ˣǰݵĿ𣿡
壬ĵط϶ܽȥ
ʦ룬һ䣺οܷϵΪǽҷ˵н͡
⻹ʲô˵ģ̾ȥҺˡ
һ밲ݣһȷǲǲ˵Ů
ǲ˶ػġ
ֻʶ·̫Сֻǵúţʲôλã˺һڿʦε£ѡҵ
Ȼߣ˳ִ
ʦʶ·ƺЦ
̧Ŷ䣬С죺ҵˣҪЦҡ
ãЦ㡣
ȻѾˣﻹδơֲӦȥ̨ǱҺ˵ġѾˣԾʯ̨ϣȴ
Ҳ°ڣһ
룬ҲģԾͰֽȡ˳
ֻۣסˡ
Щǡʲô
Ǻҿ飬˵Ͷˣô̱ɴָָЩ󣬡ҹɾ|ůʲô˼
̧סС̵۾
̲֪˼
Ųأֲק¿ʦ֣ӣ˵ˣֻҪҿЩ飬ѧʲôӵͿˡ
ʦüӵ㣬ô˵
ʵʵ˵˵Ҷһӵ޷ʱҾͳΪˡ
ôᣬûйһ˲ֹӵ
ϸһ¡
ûСҡҡͷһ¾ͺܸˡ
ʦȻֵ̧ԴżҲͦá
Ҳõģ̵ֶЩգһҾҪȶһˣֹӵС
С˼˰죬̧ͷ۰ͰͿſʦ۶ڴ
ҿԱ𣿡
˳ĬƬ̣ſ˫ۡȥ
ʦĻǱһְſļѣۡ
Ƭ̺ͳʣоΣ
ɿ֣Цһģ㡣
˿ϵЦ⣬˶٣ʣ롭һЩ𣿡
һЩϸ룬̹ȻԿʦҡҡͷûҮ
ʦĬˣԳƵЦ
أ²ʣǴԣǴ˰ɣҪ𣿡
ʦС⣬ȴ̧סֵ۾˵Щͳ
㲻֮ǰҲӵһ
л˵
~
~


80 
ֺͿʦȵҹ, ſͷŵƵĻһҹ顣
ĺɫٷˣǺˡ
ˣһۿ, վ֡
ЩҲˣû
Ҳм⣬̨һҲƣ, ̧ɨ֣
ûжʲôֱֺͿʦš
ǰԺǰ칫ĵطӲƽȥ, ߹һ, ƿ, Ǻķ䡣
˴Ů׼õ, ˲֡
⻹вˮ, һӦ롣
˿У°ɡ
˵ɣ, ʲô飿
ǰ, ǹ, ȴ˸, Ѻ˸Цˡ
ؿźˣֻ˻֣ûʲô˵ǡ
˵˺Ůһ¡
ڰ, ϢԴ˺ò״ġֻΪˣҪһϢȷѡ˵ݵż, ˿š
, Ҫ, Ҳֻõˡ
֪ܲܽȥݣ˵գŵضźˡ
Һˣһôоܹ֡ȴȾֶĳƺ˵ܽȥȻأȥЩ
ԥ£̽ʣ˲ĻܴҽȥȥŮҲ֪ǲð֮ģȥС¡
Һˡһ°ͳ˼ҲǲԣĵطһС̽ȥҲֲʲôá
һ𡣡
ʦ˵İȫͲġ
ԣЦˡ
á
ȴǸɴشӦ
ֻһ㣬԰֮ģռۣͼ󡣡Ц𣬿֣ĲִУѲ
ȴ˵ҲֻһŮܿΣա
ӡʹ˾䣬һ塣
¾ʹöϸݡʱȥݣѰҵָΣЩ⡣
Ҫһԭ岻ϰҲɡЩû֮Ҳͬ嶼˾衣ʱκͰӴҲһ⡣
ֻȻȥȷҪ֮
ֵõ͵Ŀ϶𰸣ͿʦȻصסլҵС㣬Ϣ
ôСǸˡƤϵĺۼ˺һҲƤֻ̡öˮرߣˮ
С㣡Ҫ¸㣡
ʦˮЦˡ
ҽô
һ㶣ջܵʦߣͷҪô
һҵС㣬ҲǿʦġԼᡣ
ʦֵָƤϡ
ȣѪͨ
ֱۣƤһȡ
󣬴ܣֻ˵ͷΣաʦָһ㣬ƤϵѪ˲ʱù̡
ʱҶо޴һβīɫľ޴βˮаڶ
һֵ̣ЦݣִڰԾϰȴֵ࣬ʦָƤϡ
Ц˲ʧض֡
С㣡ֵǺܸˣ̳˹ȥ
Щջص֣زԼβͣһ̣Ưīɫβ˫ȣˮҲô
ֶˮرߣȵǸ
Բһη˵£˺Լ
û˵ǣҲҪҾһ֮֮ȥ㣬ֲɴ˶ġ
͵ؿԴ֪Լ̺Ҳ˲ٵġŸоԶɡ
úúãǸŶɴЦúᣬѾǸˣҪԭ
ƴˮгһǲմκˮ⣬ɨۿʦɲˡ˹鲻ˣǱŤŤҪǲԭ㣬ô
˳߻ͷʦѾʯɨڳرߵ̡
ġǵָֻȡһյһˮһ嵭ľ㴫δȥֺ
Ҫ¸ģֱˣվһȥ˴ͤʮ˵ǰЩ죬Ǹ۵ˣ˵Ҫʲôϵ顣
΢΢Щɶˣ
ֵͷˣڣ¡
Լûв˵Ĵʱǵʮġ
УǱ˱죺ΪСүڡСүΨ֪ʲôǰoǾԺҡڣŽʲô¡
ǿ
ԣصͷ˵û
ȴǺƽû𵱳һˮ֮еǱ
ⲻص㣬صҵ֪˿ܻ㲻
־ӣռ۵ˣ϶ǶĻɡռ֮ġ˵֮Ŀδε޷Ρڡɣ
ۿʯŵĿʦ
ûж࿴һۣ·һҲֵĽ̸
ôʲô֪ȷᡣ
㡣ЩΣͷһһֻǻ
ǵĶ˻ֵģŪһĶ档
ʮǰұܽٻػҵ˱ҡޱҷˣ۶ǡ
֮Ҳ޷֪١Ҳţֱӽôܸ֣ҿҪٹܻ꣬Ρ
ְοСļ
ѣȵ𡣡
˭Ȼ°ͣСүǰ֮𡣡
ȻǰԺ顣İ֮𣬿ɺȫͬ
˵գǿ˵û˼
Ȼص˵ͷҲǣ֮𰡣ǵȷŽȻͬĲࡣ˵ǣ壬ʿǻɱǰ֮壬ֻߵﶼǱŴİɡ
԰֮㣬ֱ࣬ǲǺΣգ
¡ϵúʹ죬Ͼҿ֮õ̫ˣСүСʱ򣬿ǻЩѵġ
ð֮޷Σʲôô벻һ㡣
ܼ򵥡ֱԲ䣬ӣҾ㲻Ҳǰǻγɹ֮Ψһֵʱ򡣡
ԭˡ
ֲɵҲС㲻ף˵ǰ֮𣬿ɵҲ˲ٵ¡
֮лˣһעЩġ
ǹϵл
ְϢ֪ҲǱ֪£ֵܻ⡣
֪ˣ־һ
֪ʲôĬ˺һŤͷ֣ҪȥҰ𣿡
ǰŮǰҴӦ壬Ҫġ
ʵҲ֪ĶŮڲ᲻ڰݣܵһ԰ɣͲܴ
ԥ£С˾ʲôû塣
Լһǣݸ֡
Σտȥû˴ÿġ
һССģƴǳɫǡ
ֽӹָ򿪡һȴǬ
ɨһ۾֪Ǹӿվ
л
Ҳûƴǣӹ˰
˵Ҫȥ档Լ׵ʱıֵһۣ´βȥˣ
ѾȥˣҲûбвУЦ˵ȥˡ
˭֪ˣŴҡʧˮ
ףѽ
ֲûи⸬ء
ֻܵһˡ
ְѰװУҹĻ¹ƬͥԺ֦ͷĵӰڵϣпʦĵӰ
ࡣ
ڿʦſʦ
̧ƱʱĶ뵽ԨԨǰƵģ˵ǾƲ
Ҳ͵¾ԨʱᵽһŨľ㡣
ʦ̧
˵ˣ
һ֮ǰΪʦ᲻ϲС㣬û뵽ȫȻûжС¶ϲ̬ȡ
СʣǲϲС𣿡
֮ǰСμ棬ܸоôһ˿΢
ϲ˳ϵúܿ죬ȴǷ¾Ʊؿ֣ѣܽܡ
գۣЩؿ
Ҳǳ˵Ȱɣϲ˾ͺ׽ϲˣͻԶԶܿ
ָճˡһȵĳ
ȵĳȴţǰֵѶԴԲĴڡ
´λԼļۿҪһʲô̲Ÿ¡
Ҫճֵڶ峿ͣȥˡ
ҺãԶ峿ѾԼĽ׼֣ڰ·ֱӻصֵլԺС
˲鵽ϢΨһȷľǰаġ
ǶԼŮĴڣȷûκ֤ĶŮ
ͬҲûκ֤Ů
һ˵̶ѨҪһˡ
ָˣ˿԰æȥףǽȥ֮ǸҪġ
˵̹Ȼ
ҲκࡣҳֹӹӣҼСŮԶൣһ
⻰˵ֶ̫˼
ģСķ
һ㶣ֹҲҪȥ
ֵͷҴӦ㣬ҪŮġԶŮ㻹ŮءҪԶŵˡ
ֹ֡
лֹΪҼСŮر֣ۡµٴζֵл
ⷴŪЩ˼ˣæ֡
Ӧܻвٰ֪ˣܵȥȰɡ˵ء
ͦţԼһ̣ܸñȰĳɡҪһ׵ܾа
ֻҪôȫءС졣
ȴ֪뵽ʲô̾˿
ҪӹҲֹǸԶ֮˾ͺˡ
ֺظоЩ˲Լʲô̧ͷЩš
ôˣִʯ˰ɣ
ӹƺӦ˱ʲô¡˺˵ֻ˺ôûЩ챻˵Χ£ҳšڸԾ֡
֪ΪʲôԼһֹȻ˵Ĳ⡣ǣʼնһµıԵعա
˵ǰûиʯءһҪȥݣ֪Ҫ١
˵˻سֳС𴸵ƣһ֪ҪȥҪˡ
ǿʦ˳ǣĺ죬ת˸ӹС𴸣ָָϷµĶ
һľͷģֵֹԲ򡣿⻬޷죬ȵһ
־Ǻױֶһʱ飬С𴸣ſִľͷԲ
ʲô
ָһľͷԲܶһܡ
Ϊһ³
ֽԲ𿪣ȴɢɢСľ顣
ɵؽľ£زŪ˼£»ԭСԲģٵݸ֡
ֱСԲؿ϶
³ңҲһۼְԲʦ̧ͷ۰ͰͿ
ûᡭٽ̽ҡ
ʦô۰ͰͿţЦĵ²𿪣˶һһֿ
Ȳ𿪵ľٴκ£ʱһԲˡ
ֽӹԲ򣬴˴ôֵС
ʣʲôõģ
ʦ赭д˵ÿһľһꡣƴճʱܲе
һ㶣Բ򲻸Żķ
ˡ
ʦ˵֮ȶˣԡ
л˵
~
ϼ~


81 
ֻһʱȥѧôװ³СԲ, Ѿ˳ϡÿһСľϣǶһǳǳķ䡣
ʱݵİȳˡ
һε̨ʱ䡣
룬ʱܲȥ¡Ǻ, ȥ˺ˣȷһǴյİ, ʱǰȥ̽Ѱ
˵ֻûһ֮еʿϵ߰˰ˣһȥ, ¶ᱻϳ, ʲôס
ֻ, ÿʦô
λûһ, ҪԼԭòȥ, Լò۸ģ˿ӵӸҲŸġ
㲻öѣû˲ֲᷢص㡣
һܽ¥ʱ, ûͺܺʡһ, Ƚ֮µҲ١
Ϊ˲˽ϳ, ʯ, ڸʦҪ
Ҫһ, û˸۸֡
Ҫڿʦ, ѶȻС
˳Ĭ˺ܾ, ǿ˵ţҾΪ
ֵòӾϷ˼ı仯
Բ۱β, ˲ʱԭ񻮷ֿɫǳ
˿ţһŮӡ
òֻԭһֵò˾ԱȣҲֻ˿ùϵˡ
ֺſ׵Ĳǵܵˮر߶Ƕ͡
׺ݣˮŮӱ׺ݣʱ·˸оɱ
־ͶˮԼıСʱ
հֹ⴩һѣȺ
ʦϵĻһ£վֵ࣬ѺڵľͲֳһѵˡ
˸ʱЩվһ𡣱Ͼ˴һŤŤĶ̴򣬻ϵӾһʦ
ǰݡ
Ǻ˵ʦɱ֣ʦͬ飬ǾҪȥ·ٳ͢ٺˡ
ʦţص˵ֵϲõ
ͲøЩֵֹĽ
ֻ֮ǰ׫Ļ˵ٸƶġϺߵĽˣսٻغϣֲʤ
˵ȴʱ䵹Ǻ֣ųװٻغϣ֡
ͳ಼СִլԺʱһ۾Ϳûȵֺˡ
ʦһûж࿴ǰۣ봹ָһһ㣬һ겻ڡ
źͳ֣ʦ̧ƤʱѾ͸ոǲͬˡ
ˡʦкһ
һ˹֡
ɨ֣һ˭ʡ
ֵ̧ϸࡣ
һֵ̣Ƕ쵰۾ޱöԲɰϸȥɰȴҲڴˡžǶȺᱻ˿䣬ǸС
ҵŮҪȥһū̧Լϻһ£һӢӣһ״ŲϢӡ
˵ľŵ͵ˡ
ֻһȺ׺ݵԼȥһɫȹ˫Ѿ٣Եøɡ
λ
ָ³͵Ŀڿʦϡ
̫ˡ
ºβժߣ
ʦ˵òªժ޷˿
Ѿ϶صͷˡ
ûڿˣѾˡ
пģһЩ˿˾ͻ
ţ·ǿʦԭò
ȴŽϸſʦôôߣʦӳò
ҿѽЩż
޷㲻Ҫ˵
ֹӣò㣬Щġݲܿͱ˴ϡ
ָָԼط磬Ů̫ף֣ͬͺܺá
ָָˣλʿҾΣġ
ͿʦôµҪΰţ
ʦɨ֣
˵Ļֳ֣δ򣿡
һδ֣ԴҡԲˣֳͺã
ʦֵĹñ֡ˣĸ˵ȫˡ
ִﰲʱָں͵󣬿ʦ࣬΢
ǲݵſֱӽһӵõĻС
ƹұ
õҲ⣬̹ϣλүԵȡ
ʱһСܶЦ񣺡үˣү롣
ǰ·ֿǰߵ˶¥ƿһżĸţﲻż䣬ȴ滷š
ƹһ˽ȥЦǺǵү˵Ƕࡣ
ֶҿġ
ŮҪСū
ֻô˵һ䣬û˵ݡ
ӴԭүŮжţжš
ƹЦǺǵøиĺþ˾ˡ
վں͵࣬Ǵ󷽷ЦЦء
ȴѹֺ˾ˣԭŮô롣
űһƿźһդһ塣ƹĲ֪ںδդ
̤ڣֽ
һդ壬ʱ忪ʼ³
һ㶣Բۿı仯
»߸ǰʲôֻһһ󰵣̵۾ܡƬ̣ͣ¡
ƹЦǺ⹪ʺ򣺡үˡ
ָں͵˵һȡ
ų߹ԶǰȻʣȴһã֮дֽ磬һҡȥġ
֮в˲ֽ󣬵С
Ҳֱһֽ磬ֵ˶󡣶ֵ飬ԼϢҲˡ﷢һжᱻڸǡ
Ȼص˵ͷ
˼ΪҶ˼ٵˣ˳ͻȥһŲϵġ
źãҲͷ
Щ鷳ġ
֮һȹŮӡ
ǰȹŮЦУλ˾õˣջϹأλȥˣˣʱ̨
Ů˵֮еĿǷ׷뿪
Сʺ͡
˵ʲô˼
ĹأеĻﶼ֮ǰһгĳȥ֮
С죺
Щյ˵İΪ˻
߳ȥո䣬ͺ͸ոյģͬˡ಻ǰǽǺɫդ
դ󣬹Ųٵˡ
΢΢ۡ
ˡ
ŮСģʮʮģ͸ġ
л
˵ЩĲϣһ˩š
ȴֻǱԭأѡѡ
塣˺벽СˣŮʲôûҪͷҰɡ
ҼҶӽضָһź롣Ҳֿ֪Ҳҵø죬˵ʮֹ꣬ߡҴŮоʮ꣬ӸһЩĳԵġҲûˡ
Ȼ
УǷͷȥҡ
Էקקʦӡ
˱һѡȻͬпդ
ͺҲһ
ֿդ˴ۺڴסضʿǰ
ĵĴˣѡҰɣʲô˴뿪
뿪ˣλˣѡ𣿡
˺ܽ¥˶һڿ˵ʱиŷϣǶĿ
еҪ뿪Ҫѡߡ
һòŮڿվդǰкüλʱ̽⿪ϵ
ֻһգۣ۾ͱʦˡ
ô·
Ȼûп壬Ů⿪´Ķ̫ˣֺ֪ͼ
Ϊߡ
ʦûиֽ;ĺ塣ǣǰһ·ȿǸѵŮɿ֡
գգ³һ
ˣĺܻҪߡǱߵˣȥʲô
ֲֻ֪֪ߵĻܻᱻġ
դһֱڿˡܶ඼壬żм壬Щʱ򣬶Щͬܵĺ¡һǱͼ˾Լȥ˾ǲǻǻ޴ӵ֪
úϸŮܶࡣ߼һʮŮȻϸֱˣЩŮ塣
ûһ
Ϊʲô˵רĵط
ȼûоͷĶˣҲûҵһͷʦ
ʦ΢΢ҡͷ
̫Ұ
ȥЩդŮǡֻôûаû塣
ʱʱѾȥһ룬ȷ룬ûа
òϢɣ
ţ̲סȥҲࡣ
ʿҲܶ࣬ΧÿһդǰԹеͷ㡣
֪ǿˣ
ĵĹ
դһŮ֣ȾҰɣҳȥЩࡣ
ϸŮӿòƽƽ˵Щÿ
˺һȷֻһ塣
ҿΧֻпʦڣȹդǱ˹ս𣿡
ŮӴĬĬͷұƭˣǵһ˵ϲҵˡΪҪ˽ȴǽ˴
һ㶣ɣƭⲻǾͺīӵһǸ
ĿǰֽӴļɣֱƭʹġ
治Ǹֽѧôһ仰˵ʵС
Ůӿţһĵ֮ˣȾң£ԸΪūΪ澡
ָͷĿʦԴϡ
СūǮͲˡ
ָͿʦۣǺŶطŮ˵ĿľҰСūġ
ĿŮϣЩǸΣ˵ֻܺأ֪ˡ
Ů֣۾һҪ𣿰ڴ˴
ֺؿŮӣһҲ֪
֪ʲôط
֪ģŮ̵ͷǸʲôר׼ġ֮ǰЩץİȫˡ˳
Ż˼£ȴʦ䲻ʵ˵飬ε֪
Ůӵͷ˵ûңѾˡһ£ˣ
Ů˵ֿš
ֲжϣǿʦ
ʦ΢΢ס
ȴǱŮӲûʲô쳣
˵ĸġֻʱ̫֪ݵһЩ
Щ˶޷ġ
ҪôȥһСūأ
Щ˵졣
Ůԥ죬ȴҡҡͷ
Ҳֻ֪˵ֵǮģλա
֣Ƥһ
òͬһ˰ɣ
Ǹɱ꣬Ұô
л˵ǮĻ
ŮΪЦлĵĹ
ټȥˡ
ûаۼһ׼ģôҶҲġ
ȥҺͺϡ
ֺͿʦߣ˼ӭһȺˡ
ҶǼ˭Ҳʶ˭
иӸӺؽĿͶ֡ʱʶ
ôܡһŽͷСˡ
ְ֣ջȥĺܿ죬쵽ЩΪǴ
˺ִ뿪ȴͬеһӣֵǰ
壬壿°ϸ֡
־˰벽պ˵ʦĻС
ʦļͷЦСġ
ֿڿʦеǷĴ󵨶ˡ
޹ءֶǰ˵
ȻйأүɲϲҪǸ壬͸үդűūɣ
ֱⷬǵˡͬʱ֣Ҳ΢΢ߵ˲ؿǰӡ
ˣϲ壬ôȥŸ˵ū
ֵЦһ²ǲ֪ɣﻹиءгͻȻһȣͬԴ顣ֻܿķݣ𣿡
һҲſʦߣ༥㰫һߵǿö
ǰܱľǰֵĻֱߴߴ磬ǰӶʱŭֱӳһѳֱָ֡
ٸһء
˵ڴ䶷ߣᱻȥ˵ݣΪµū
Сŵūɡһúýʲôūı֡
ָµأһ뷴ͳԼССལתһ룬̨ССལͼˡǲܱ¶ݵġ
ûС룬ûԥ˺һ뵽ʲôֱ׳קקʦӡ
ŮǱ۸˵ίӸ˸״
磬۸ң
΢΢һ㶣ͷŮǲ˵أĹĵء
Цһʲôû
ɻ󣬲ǺͦȫնСʵʵùɵģ
硣
Ըһһ磬ֵϹ˹Σǵغ˵
ԣ
л˵
~
~
~


82 
ͷһô˰æ, ǿʦе㲻˼˵ͰԼڿʦ, ̧
Щ졣
ĳˣѾָҡһֽԼָָСֽ
ֽ, ǰӺȫ鴤ˤڵ˫ֽżһͷԸԵĴ
ʱӼͷ÷, ڵذϡ
ⲻǶ̶һ˲顣Χ˶δüӦ, ǰѾ׳һˡھʹ֮޷, һ, 鴤
ֲ, ҪʦˣǱ߿ʦѾеСֽһӵϡ
ֵֹ̧ļվǰ
ֲضǵϵİ, ·ͷ, ûһ֧, ڵϵģ, ϵòȥ
ôģֻδʦֶΡ
ֽʦȥҽ㡣
ֻͦĶģûпʦϵĶ, ôһ˲öԷʧȥ˵, ѧ, һĺֶΡ
ʦô赭дΪ, ΧеʿԷ˿Щ롣
ֽǿʦһʦжֲӴ֪ǰδӴǰһܽŪֽУһŷֽеʵѹж󣬳۾Ķó
ԭվһʿǣѾȺҶҲˡ
˼ĳӺܿ˿ʦôһ֣˸Ҷ࿴һۡи߽ʿܲпʦĴڣ˿ְ벽
ݵСȣǸСӣȺЦһȦ
ԲסλλЩ˵ģСľȴλ뿪ˡ
˵գСӵ󻹸ĺӣϻʹధİӼߡȫʱ̣û˷һʱ䣬һգǰӾͱݵ̧ˡ
ǸСӣԿʦ˹֡
λˣǲݵĹأ㶯ִλˣλ˾ūѡ̨ʯ˷֡ҲֱӴߣΪأ
뵽ǰ֮ǰ˵Ļѡ䶷ΪԳ㹻ʵĲͳС룬ǲǾͻᱻݹأһū
ʦﺬЦ⣺ðƣǽü۸һЩ
ö֣֪Ϊ΢ĺ߸Сǿʦһ
оĲ
СЦ˵ȻˣСľ֪ˡ
λСֶֹ˹ֵָ̧֣һˮһĶ
ùܾˣС񣬹ﲻĻ档
һСӣҲûжϡģſȥԶִһ𣬺Ҳ
ֽ̧˹лл
ִСӣӨ͸ģССһţЩ
̧ʱСƺҲ뿪ˣΧΧŵʿǣɢȥ߿ɼֻ֮Զ֪˴ʿһ߿դˣһ
Ѿ֪ôһ׮ҲǹȥˣøϽȥͺ˻ϣҪôȥҰеĵط
ϾŮ˵ǣǸһ׼ģǸ˻᲻ѾѰˣ߻⣬ǲ֪ġʱܽȡ
ֻһȦֲδҵͺˡȲһ伫ۣɲһ·Ҳ˵顣
ǼȺѰķպô
˺һܾŲ̫԰ػߣǿ˲᲻ʶġôȺҲͺأ
̲סͷȥʦ
һʼʦʼո󡣴һֱû˵
ֻͷʱȴ΢΢һ㶡
վģǴźͿʦһģһѵģһˡ
ǿ˵òϤü֮ܿһ˿ԨӰӡ
ԭ˺һҧأٴΧ
ʿդ󱻷۵˻ߡ͸ոռһжûвࡣ
ڴ˵ʿֲʶģΣҲǲסɲֵĸоһֱڿЩʿһʼնǡ
ٴνĿǰĿϡ
ǿʦԨֻ˵˭ǡ
ֲٳɣ򿪽ҡ
ǲ֪ΪΣֱӴ򲻿
һ㶡ĽӴڴ򲻿Ŀܡ
ǡⲻĽӴ
ǿ˱ֶţµͣ²ٶΧЩʿդˣٷκ
ŵڷԾȫ
ֻԼһ㼦Ƥ񣬽ŵˡ
Сţ
ǲǡǲǱáֻһˡ
е㺦µġ
˵դȴդֱӶһЩˤ˽ȥæַǽվ
žĳ֮ȴзŽŲԶ
ʲô£ֻԼĿ־ӡ򲻿ӴòС롣˿̵ǵڳ༫ʱԱ֮ˡ
Ҳǡ
ҧſ壬ʹûûҲǰˡ
ϸſе򡣶ԭͣССһźҹĻ֮УȻǽߣŶԷ˵ĽŲĵ㣬һһ˳䡣
ͬʱǽŲҲýˡֲԷٻѸٷ𣬽դ׼˶ϣضѵľȼһ䡣
֮УСһصľŷȥ
˵ĽŲľһ֮УòݻŶ˵ĽŲߵľʱλá
ãжξ롣
ֻ֪ӣȴȫݡֻҪץסʲôûУ϶еġ
Ҫһ룬һô졣
Ҵ򲻿Լ򲻿ǽұˣ
ˣĶʶģԳ
Ŷڳ۵춯׷ĽŲЩˡɾˣһƬ谵ȴⶼûб
˸η𣡻η
²⣬ɾˣҲó
ǽŲԶε
Ҳεˡ˵ںڰ֮У˳һդľһأһ·
Сܳ
𽥿ҲǽŵģٻС롣
оԼĽƺЩ춯ʲôԾʼղöϴ
һ·ƽϵľ·ǱŹ飬أŵդһ·ῳɲ
С
ֺĬ
СལСལ
Сӣӳѽ
ǽŲ𲽱ƽѾ
ٴ˵һդԣģ˳ҲդĿ϶˽ȥ彿СжӯϢִ
ĶԽԽȴСལСӣСһ޷ƾԼ
ſڽǽŲûб󵼣ͣǰ
ɤۡ
ǵǻ谵Ψһɫ
ҵˣŵЦſ
ҪС꣬žҪذɡ
С
ֽŵ£侲Ĭ
л壬Ļ壬һԽɾĻ壬ʶ黯εĻ塣
ҲĽΨһһпܴ򿪽ƳĴˡ
СĻҲֶˡ
ֵطɣ
˶䡣޷мצıܣҲ֧š
~
Уһ
ˡ˵ٻ
һ帡ֵϿգ󻺻ֵĶ⡣
ֻ·Ǳһգ۵צӽŵءۣ۵üǻѿһ㡣
ͬʱ˻ûİ׷ȹŮЦָ
ˣԭ͸ģҪңܻĴڣԭġڡ
Ĵڡ
ҧأ֪ѾûΡӯƯڰգ·һȪţģģӿġ
δܵôһӯÿһܸ֪ۣ·𶼺ǰ֮
ŵϢǣʵӶҡѪϢĲҲľͷĺۼ
֪˵һж
·бˣ̧õĶŲһλö
ˣд
ǰ˶˵һ
̧֡
֮УӵĻ۳һǳɫ
Ծգը˲䣬ǳֱֵӱըԶһһĸȫ͸ڼҰľͷ
ָһҡһ֡
ˣԭĶµ
ۺ֪ԼƯڰա
ذšӯأʼ׽
ĳȣԴԷ뵽ˣȽ硣
һˮý飬Ƚ֮С
ƽķܼ򵥣ջ󣬴׷ӿ֮С
󷨳͵һֶ̣
һ̣ǰһԼǣţһͱ˿ʦĻС
΢΢üڱȷûκʱŻɿ֡
˵ֶߵû
һֻֽӴý飬֮н˹ߡֻԼƽصһ̣ƾджϸոշʲô
ۺɱֻظֵĺ󱳡
ŻعϸΪ
ûµġ
˵ҲˣںԼĻ塣
ֵͷԼ֡
档Ҫܵ»֧
ˡ
ͷſʦ˵ոڽ￴˿ʦԨе
ǻûʳֿʦЩ֣˻ȥʣôˣ
ʦȴ΢΢һ㶣ϸ֣˼Ƭֱ̣Ȼһֵߡ
񡭡ˡ
Ǵ˵ոյ֣ʮŮ˿̵֣ſʮ߰꣬üȻ黯ģſ˵ĸо
ˡն˵
ûһ˲䣬ȸոճһ㡣
ֵɴۣ˵ȴȻüͷŶӡ
ôˣʦֲŷֵļ򣬾ͼ̧ͷ۾ﶼ
ôоҶÿҪըˣ
ʣҲᱻըɣ
ԼһȦջ֣Ц
ǰȫ𣿡
ҧҲ֪Լ˶ԣ궯Ѱ
ô죿
ʲô£Ҫٰˡ
٣
Լ٣һ
Ҫɽˣ
ʦЦ̧ڽͷģڣɽġ
䣬ݵĶˣէȻһס
׽ٵѹԵ׶ֻͬҪʿϵóҲΪˣʿĿɿڴ֡
רֵܵط٣޴ɶ㣬ȸһ
Ǹ
л˵
һ~
ϼ~



83 
Ͽܲ, һһеİݡ
һС跻Ѿ׵ȫپ, ¶ͨصķڡ
ڵµӲݵ˵ʿһǾʧ룬æҪ롣
Ȼ׵Ѿȥ, ӵڳڣ׷ʹҪ롣
Ѿڿʦָԭش׳ʮŷȴ׽١
ӡеһε׽١
֪׽, ֻᾭʲô
ͷһһ
˴Ҳ, ӵܡһ߸ʿȺȥѰʲô
·ʱŲδͣ
, ѾܸܵһʲôҪսζ
һ, һ, һ׺ݺݻͷķλ
ʦӳһӣֵ׵ϡ
ױըѣزͬҲը
䵽Ȿðյĵ½֮С
ʿûͼ뿪, ȻȴȻ, ¶, ͷһ, ûκ뿪
Ҫȫף
ٶʿӦ죬Ȼǿס
ʿھ׽ٵ಻ԶҲһͬ, ɢ׻ǡ
ʿǱȾ𽣵ֿס
ֱۣž, ֻź, ڽŵغʲô, 塣
·뵽һĻ֮С
գֻңΧż䣬ɫ׵ڻҶϷȴδ
з̲żǿѹ۶ʱ󣬺ݺ䡣
ǳֶ
䵽һ룬ʦһֽ˰סأֽ˱ͬʱױȷɢһһɵϸףΧӵȥ
ЩʿŵֵһЩɢС׻Ҫ˵׽٣ҧһһͳȥ
Ψդƽûķˣһ׽вκӰĴڡ
ʿŭ
˭ѹƲΪͲҪϹܣ
Ȼհ취˵׽٣˭ҪҳʬΣ
ʿŭıˣӵƮɱŴƣۣžɢһǳǳĽɫâ΢ȴǲɼ
һ׻䡣
һΣʦͳһžӨ͸ӳֵͷ
Ĺ⣬е֣õ޵ıϻУѣ׵ȴ̲Ƭ֮УΧɢ䡣
۵ĳȣǴͨһԺӵķ͵ģûͷڵһڹ޴Ρ
ôһƬȣб׻йĵ
ЩʿһʱȷԼ޷뿪˴ͬʱҲȷ˶ɽߡ
һŶɫŮƯڰգ֮Уһ̽ΪĿˣһһ׽١
ܲ
˴Ѿ˲ٵˡ֮ǰɢĺͺˡ
ʹȺһ۾ͿھʲôҲ£ֱӴͳһȣǰҡ㣬ʱ֮˾޴ķˣ˾ͷɢ׻ˤΧ
Щʿյýһ㣬ֱӱ׻С
ȸһ׻
ǵڼ
֮ǰδע˴쳣ûϸ㡣
ʦʼڸֻԵ
ףס
ȴûôͻȻҪ׽ˡ
ֻ
׽ٵģء·𿴼һɽɫĻۻɫɽҰҡҷɫݡ
·ڸߴ׳ľͷŨ
ɵײмС׷Ҹҧβ档
ԶмŮŮͶʮģŹ£Цժ׷ϡ
ָоԼЦ֣ǵغ˭
Ǵ˴Ǻδ֡˭

ǡա
ۡ
֮Уɫĳţվƺڷţһף䡣
ԶԶ֮ǰס
ֱֱֶ
̧ͷס
ס
ǱŪеġ
öв
ţҲ̧֡
һ̣ǿʦʦӳһֽˣֽſ˫۵ֵֵͷǵ˲ֽˡ
ȴ޷ٿְ벽
ȴֽ˱ףת׻ݺ˦
˦ȥķ򣬸պʿǾۼĵط
Щ˶УǸ˶֣
Ѫɲòʹס
˵һСӣ˳Ҫð
ƫƫڳʿ󲿷ֵΪ˶ࡣںܿ챻˷ֵ׵֮ƣʧӰ١
ǵĵ
סȻ״һһǿֻ˵ÿһ֮ǰܺͼҪǿ
ĵѾЩˣļܵö໨Щ
ջ֡ǳױʦСֽ˸ߣĵףûбһΡ
֮лᱻɽɫ飬񲻴ˡ
ȻˣҪúõʣס
ǵ׶ѣǿڻϵС׵
ġ
ˡ
ġδʲôϣҲδ档
УȴԼܸ֪ôһιȥ
ȥ˵˱ˣ
ֲ֪
֮мһΣĳѾͣݡ
˵ѾΪƽء
Ϊƽʲ׼ȷϾ¶С¥Ѿ׻飬ֻһصƬ
׻˷֣ԭڲݵĵ£ж졣
κδ˴һǰĳǹһΣģлûʲôΪߵӽڵʿ
ѣֻ˽˴Χס
µˣǶʲôˣźɵӣΪλڴˣ۵ĳ֪ӺδŪһɢ飬ӺǷǷۼɶͳͳվ˲ܣ
ЩҪǰܳʿǣȶԶ˿ͷѷλá
ΪģǵĶˡҪôǱøץˣҪôǰһŮ٣һ֮ǰűȳȥͦãھţ֪ϸŮһء
Լٷ֮һ
Ҳͷ֪ͷĵذƿģԶвΧһȦ·ںôǬ
Ͼġ
ڻ٣Щ궯Ѱ֡
һǿԼ侲
ٶѣģ棬κεˡ

ֲֺ֪Լ˭ָûܽϷˣе֣ļΪʲô־ģ
ֱۡ
ں֮ڷҡҷҲܿߵһٲ
пƮһʺƵĻˣ˵׺׷ȹں
մˣ
·ʲô߬סۣۡ
׻Ѿͷ
ȻӴվƯڿУͷֱѹɽס
ģʲôμģ˵ļ䣬˵ĻӰ
ȴĿ£Ťһ
һ̣׺ݺ䡣
ʦֽӳһ˲䱻ȫ
ʦֽ֮ٴӳһ顣
˵ֵ׻ֵϡ
ûκεֵ˵֪׸Σա
ȻֵѪ
׵Ѫ֮ߣǿɲģ˺ȫ
ƮƮء
ʦۼֿ죬§ס
ŮۣС죺ס
ƺίĸ״ֱʱֵ廹е飬ʹֹ
ʦŴСȡ
ãǽѵ
סȵʱ˿ҲҪ֡
ˣȫֻܹҪԪһۻ֪꣬ý顣
ֺۣ۵ͣգۣͼַʽ嵭ʹ
ûá
Ǻ۵ġǰܹۣڵʮ֮һ
׽١ʼЩϲˡ
ֱǿȣͼպ˵ıԪһۻ꣬Լɢ޷ۡ
Ȼڴ˿̣屾ܵ׻֮ȴµһַ籩
Ͽǿɲĺƣɫ磬Ⱦյա
Ƿ׷ĴܣʿǶҿ
ס
׺󼴽ִĵס
ҲٵˣʲôǳĴʿ
˸ҿǱڰ֮е˾Ͳһˡ޷Զ롣
ڷ۵ʱġ
׵ɢԱĵˡ
Ҫȸһ׽١
ֵͷٴ۳һɲģѹ˺˳ס
بʱȴʼ䡣
·ͷһУʱ£ȴ֪ʲôʱ
ִ˼ʦһŵҩС
ʶûʣֱȥ
ôһССĵҩڸով׻Ѹٻָ
ʹû֮ǰôˡ
һԼա
һףӦһˡ
գ̧ͬʱٶ¡
նȼ
Ͻӡۡ
ܰɡ
ʲôڶ˵
״ʹܾ࣬˺ѵ
ܺ壬Ϊoϡ
ġ
oʱҧ˴
ˣoһ壬һֻ꣬ɲܸܶһס
ʦһμ˵˵׻֮ǰȻͨı£ȴҲֵֻܷһ룬׵һһֲȫ֡
ָܵ׻֮е˲ڻ
·ںκ֮вϱ仯ֺ壬ֻлһС
ʹʼӰΡʹѾܳܵˣͬΪ޷ܣֻܸоʹģ޷֪
ֻۣܸ֮ܵеɱ
͡
·һڶ˵
㵱ǻ𣬻ͣ
׹ľʹȴʼձ׷ʡ
룬ˣ϶ǲģԶס
еѡ񣬵׵ɢȥ
ֻ˵ڳʿա
ͺ˶Ⱥһֿ󣬺֣첲̧
ҲΪˣͿֵĿء
㡭
ſڣʲôû˵
ھʹ֮Ѿʼָ
Լˡ
ܶԽŵڲĿʦ״Ŷĺۡ
ţ֪ʦŵ
ֻ˵ʲô׸ǽ˰ɡ
ͷߵףûκλ壬ֱֱϮ
һΣߵ˵ֵǰȫʢ֮ˣС
ߵ׾л֮ơ
²δأ˴ݣ˵İУ⣬ȫһ
ڼ
ڳʿʹֿٰǷ׷ױ׻УΣ
ִ㵵صɴۡ
վǰˣԾԱߵ̬ȫȻߵףȥ
ܿʵɫ
ɢ
Ǳվˡ
ʦʼղ
Сţ
һ̣ʲô
ϣɫƵߣ鼸Ƭڵء
л˵
~~~~
~
~


84 
ֿ, һֱʦϵߣ֮¡
˱ԷԿ, ҲȫȻġ
׽٣ϱߵ, Խһ𣬸˵ߵף̺Ż֮⣬º, һ١
ҲǱʦ, ֻ̲ܵص, δܵݵų⡣
ÿһ߳, ŵĶǻۿԵʰϵƬ
Ҫ̧, ȴס۾
ԣҡ
߬Ƭûжֻʵʵ˵Ҳòªġ
˵ʵòӰμĸй, ֮ദ׽, ò޹ء
ֶĺܺ, , ãҲ޷
ǻһֱˡ
¡ﺬһ˿ΣʼûŲԼ, Ů۾ò
㲻ҡ
Ŷһ, ľûжˡֽƬݳ
оԿʦϵĲ, ڻᱻò
Щ, ֺ治ԽĲ
ȻգգۣоӿʦУʲôƤϡ
Ѫζ
㡭ˣ
Щɬ˲ʲôòòģ̧˵֣еȥǷѪ
ȷѪ˵Ʒ·˳ȫ˺һ㣬ϸС˿·ðѪˣ䶼ѪȾˡ
˵úأ
ֵףô׵ġ
ֺһͣ˵
ףܴʹŶԡ
Բ𡣡ͷᣬŴСķ˵
˳ĬƬ̣εһֵֻļ
õǸµĳŵ
ֻǵÿʦòͷЩܣſʦϵѪգۣܱ
ӽзһѵҩʦģһȫڿʦС
ʦֵĵҩ㿴ûõϵġ
˿ûֻǽеĵҩȫ¡
״ǵҩȥƵġδֻ֣Ǻ
ˣùҩˡ
ûס̧ͷ
Ǿôһɲǣ˵Ѿ׼ۡ
òζֿһ
˵ֻǵģ̧ͷƣ̽òһ
ҲСȻȥҰ߲á
ãǾͶлˡҲŵ㡣ʦЦ⣬ӾͰҵߵҵòΣ
׽ٹɢȥɢһȦɫĹΣεģվŵλá
˵صʿǲٶȾ׽٣ЩƺأеıǶࡣûб׽ٻеʿ
Ϊƽأ°Ҳȫ¶⡣һŰµģΧŲݵӣģδ׽бǣ
˻֡
˵ʲôȴ˿ʦ
˲֪뵽ʲôЦŹ˹֡
ңȻܽӴݡѹֱɹݻ׽٣ܲס˵Ⱥ񸣡
ʦǰʱδʲôֱǰ˵ʱŸоɿͷ۱۵֡
۾סˣɶûС
С
һİ˵

ֻһ˱֮Ϊ
Ǿǳ༫Ԩ
ֻӲ
׽٣Ҳ״͸ȻڵҩָҲȫ˵ġ
ΪʹʱƶʧȴԽԽԣ۵Ŀڶܡ
Ĭã˵קק
һΣûκεֿ˳֡
ûκڵؿ˵ò
аԣ¼鱡һ˫ۡ
ԨֲȫԨ
ͷϤȴİò
˫У޴Ǳ
Ԩֲǡ
ֺԨһദꡣϤԨһС֣ĻļĲ
ʦ岻ԨòҲǡ
վǰĵõһ
Ԩ
ǰϳ˿ʦںЦ֣֪ǰ򡭡
δ䣬̧һ߬
ǰֱԭػһѪ˲ʧ
ˣ˻ûſһɡֵͷ
Ѫ죬մȾְ½ǡ
Ѫ˳ɡĿ֡
ֳĬؿһȻͷȥ
˵㻹ȥ溿һɡǳ༫ҽʦҽǺܲġûмΡϾִˣżļҲڴ硣
ʦֻ˵ԨѪɢȥǰմѪɡֶ
ƺɵˣ¶һЦ
֪
ȻؼҰɡ
Ԩǵúܣ¶òʱȻʶܺıܣԶԶء
ǰһУʧң߬Žȥ̧ͷֺԨ
ȫ̶룬˭һ·Ů
һֻпýļ˾붼Զδ塣Ҳ͵ֳʿ֣Լͼҵ鷳
ɨһЩˡܡܵزǱ׻йˣҲΪԨߵ׹ܸоԼСһڷ֮
ĵ󺣣߲ܣȫɡ
ܸоԼܣʣĺ̫
Ǿô뿪ĻЩô죿
̧ȥ˺ͺֺͣͲڲ֪δĽ̾˿̧һΣָԭò
ֺĺ˺αװļ棬ֻ̧һɫĹٷ°ߵȺ֮С
źöӣٸ飬ǷڣǷˣǷ˽壬ͳͳɷǽվˣ
·ʱƳһۡ
ٵСһϽ뿪˸
գգۣʲô
ĺڰ˽Ϊسĺͽִ˴Щ֮޴ӡҲãҲҲãûᱻꡣ
ͷĽƱơ
ָ뿪һֻ֣˹˲ϢͻصǵլԺ
ֱ˿ֻ̣һֻȻεĲʵС
ϵ̧ͷȥ˵ȷһźԨƵڷԼȥҲƹˤоֹԽԨ
ǡ
ֵĿ½ϡ
ԭ׵īѣ˿ȫѪȾ졣
ɫ԰ףվǶǻЩЦ⣬ܿ
ǿʦԨʲôһǲҪġ
ִӽȡ˲ٵҩԨԼȡķԥ˰죬ָ̧顣
һΣĸоʲôȻ֮顣
֮飬Ȼ֮׽ָˮ㣬Ƿִδܹģע֮С
ɣ硣
ȴһ߽׼ƷƷ
Ԩ塣
Ԩܸоǹɢߣͱػ塣
нӡû˷ֵķԭشˡ
ԹһκȷԼãѾԭ̫̫ࡣ
ȷ˿̵ܻƳ׷ֻߡɱ
ȻƵģȴһķ
ʵķĽ˵塣
ʮ˵߽׼ƷƷֱԼ֮ܵеĿݽߡŰԨ
ʱȥƷζ׽ʲôˡ
СլԺУͤԣҶ趯һ
ڱӡլԺУֺԨһˣһͨȻ֮顣
һҹ
ۡ
ƣҫլԺ֮Уﻨ㣬еҶ
࣬Ԩ˿˺Ѻϵ
ѪʹѪ
˰ۣĽëϣ˳ĽëȾɽɫͦ΢򣬱ʱֻܿĿаԡ
˰Ԩ
Щ
ԨʦΣ֮ʱߵһֱڵˣԨ
ôԨأ룬ڵɽ˵װ
˺һ𣬾ټˡ
ԨӦ˵ġ
ƭ
ֲ֪ԼǲǸԨƭһ·ĿʦȴΣͬ顣
ĿʦԨ
ֱԨʱ۾δǵ΢΢Ϥ٬ѹ˵͵ҡ
̵ͷ
·ڳ༫εģΪԨÿֱۡͬҲΪ͵ץЩͷᱻԨڻУβ͡
ǲŵͷ־ˡﲻǳ༫Ϊÿ͵ġԨǰԨ
ͷһΣûаֶ
Ԩ
Ϥ֣Եȴǲ֪ǷϤĿʦԨ
ۡ
ֲø߽׼Ʒʮ˴ΣԼҹɫǱöˡ
ֻһۿ۵׵Ѫ˿
ԥ£ࣺõ𣿡
Ԩһ̡
öˡСں
ָԼݣһֱѹŵлϤĳƺй
ϤСûʲô侲ָһ¡
Զš
Ԩϴúܿ죺ûҾԶ֮ˡ
̹ϣٶȣȫû뵽
ǰԨϴġҲԶš
ΨһһΣȻƭ˵õľʹ˱ȴѡһ·ͬС
־Լġһ뵽ʦҲ
УʦǿʦԨ
Ԩ
Щ
ƭҡСҲϲƭ
ԨһµЦЦ
Ҿ˵ˣµ㲻ϲǲˡ
̧ͷ
˵òÿġͬҲϲġ
Ϥʱ뵽ܵ顣ƿߡ
ȴûзʲô
֪ԼֲԨֻ֪ԼǲԨġ
ֵƲԨлʲôˡԳЦ
ϲʦϲȴµıҡ
Сͦһס
̧ͷصԨ
һ׵㡣Ͳᡣ
ûͷβԨǿʦУԨǸѵġûһ˿ƴ
ҧأĬؿ֡
Уʦˡ
Ը
ΪԨĹȥ˺ʦģůı

Ҳôһ֪һ¡
ֶж࿹ܡ
֡
ɫ΢ЩĿֵϣֿ˵ᡣ
ң㿴ǻ˺𣿡
һ㶡֪ԨΪдһʡ
Ǻܿҡͷ
ᡣ
Ԩ˺ֻǻ֮˵ЩЩ£ֻΪԵСܡһһεͣ͵ţҲûôˡ
Щô˵óء룬ԨҲʱն֪ʲô
۵ʱʱ̶̿ǵá
Ԩؿ֡ҡͷ˵ŲᣬкˡΪʦʱδпѹ
һС꣬Цкģϲ˶ֵ֡
ԨƣȻ˵
ȻͶˡҲֵУĲ˺

֪һֱɻ
֡
Ԩĵҡ𣿡
ԥ˺һ
˵ɫɲ԰ףҹĵϢ·Ǳ֮ǰܴ࣬ϸоһҡڸưܡ
ϣһжáֻ˵ƽǣ׻
ԨЦ۵ᣬ֡
СʼôᡣºǵǣһѵӣҲˡ
ûС
ְرϥǣͷ֪ʲô
ǸеǵģԨˣǣҲ㡣
ô˵Ļ
Ԩʲôˣȴȵ̧ͷ
ԨΪʲôҪɿʦң
⡭
ԨµЦЦҴӦ㣬Ҫһֱ㡣
벻ԥһ£ָҺ͡ʶ֮˵Ļ
ǵġˡ
ԨЦһ˿ҵĵһΣң᲻һֱ㡣
˵ˣһһֱ㣬һֱһֱ
Ҷĳŵ֡ƣ˵μĵĳŵ
ֻǸõںҶϷ˸һѪԨС
ԨҪߣһֱ𣿡
У¶һЦ𰸡
һᡣһֱһֱ㡣
ԨûʧԼڳ༫ʼǣܲˣȻԼ
ֳĬش
ʧԼˡ
뿴ңߴϾǡԨ侲˵԰ҵֻҪ㡣
еġ
ԣ̧ͷֱؿԨ΢΢ҡͷ
еģԨ
Ԩ۵ϺɫѪ˿侲մߡȴʼǿţЦôУ㲻˵һֱ㡣
ǲһ
ط
˭˵һֱҶԣҲԽһֱңűˣ뿪СҶûйκҪ󡣡
㲻ͬԨ
ָо۾еᣬ̧࣬Щί
˭УΨ㡣Ҫռȫ
л˵
~
ϼ~


85 
ִ˯, һۼԨ
ʱһѪһˣں氲, 沨ֵʱһӦʱ
ǵĻУܵǿ, §ס
Ц˵С
ΪԨСʼ࣬ҹ, ﶬ
ֲں, ֻüԨʱ, , ɸʱ, Ԩ࣬ķɵʱ
÷֪˷һ£ԨȢ˾ơ
һи, , һˡǸ˽˳һ
ֲ뿴Ԩͱһеĳ, Ԩ͸Ǻһֱһֱһġڱ˴ˡ
ԨΪ˵ġȫĶռ
ҲΪ, ˵ԨǺһĴڡ
˵գҲ֪ܲԨסЩȻ, ܾ˵ЩĻ
׿ڳ϶˵ԨǴΨһĲͬ, ˻Ц
ϾԨ˵, Ǵϡ˷ϵˡ
ԨͷƵۡ
˵, һֱҪˡ˶ͬҲȷļϡ
ݷļϵĲͬڣ˴۵С
ϮûҪۡ
۵̧ؿڣҺ
۵ϺѪ˿ӷ·ˮ֮ԨȾûһ˿⡣ȻȻ
ִ̧ҧָ⡣ʶĥָס
˳ĬƬ̣֣ᰴֵ
֡
ֻȻ䣬ѵʶһ¡
ԨһֱԨ
澳֮ʱһ·СëˣԨ
βϳϣ޷ıʵ
ɿ֡
תһҲǡԨôûκضأϸµ̶һ¾ͳ
ˣҲֻһԨɡ
Խô룬Խ䡣
òá˻˵һ
һֱ㡣
ԣʼնԸⱻȫռС
磬޷԰Ρ
ֳĬã΢΢ҡҡͷ
ǵģԨ㲻ҡһڱˡԨƵڱ˿жһЩƣôܽڱ˵Ԩء
οԨ˵ͲȫĻˡ
ɫƬ̣ЩƵΪȢǾ仰𣿡
һ㶡ΪֻʱԨǰ˵˺öö໰ЩȫǵԨ˵˵ģ
ѿҧ˴
᲻ţһڱ˵ˣ
ȻǻǷֱ᲻Ԩţʱʱ̿
Ԩԥ˺ܾãȴ̧קק졣
ɢ¶Ĳǣ¡
Ĳֻеһ˿ǳīۼһСǴ
ģԨϣӵĺɫżĲ
ⲻı壬ֻԼǡմȾŷ䡣
ҵ䡣Ԩ赭д˵ɻὫҵ䴫ϣɢ֮ʱ˶ȵõɢʱɻ飬ûκ⡣
ǴǾܾĳŵ
һ㶣ֻ֪Ԩкɫʵķ䣬Ǵ֪䡣Ầ䡣
ģҪһǳīֶ˶٣˻
֣Ƶ˵ǼѾˡҵʱ̫õˡ㲻Ҫҡ
ôᡣ
Цȴ뵽ֵʱ״̬ζЦǣǣ
ʼղףΪʲôһ𽫽֣Ȼϻûʧ
ʱô뵽ģԨȥ¡
ԥ˺һһһʱ˵顣
Ԩ֮䣬ҪЩġ
ӱûõġ
ԨԶţҲʼûӱܡ
գԼƽϲĴ֣ͤԨһ
һʱ䵹Щƽ͵ζ
ֱˣ˺ܾã˼Ŀ˵˵ԨЦ
ֻ߶˵ֻ޹ؽҪС£
ʱôã綼Ѿȥ˰ɡ
֮ġ
Ԩ̫˽һҧŴ֪˵ˡ
֮ǰ˵Ԩ˵ʦδ˵
ۣ۵һ˿Ȼ
Ŷʦʦʦ̵ֽܾãڵëˡҪɲط
ˣԼǰڳ༫һˡɡ
Ҳϲ÷˵׽
ʲô˵ʲô뵽˵
Ҳϲ˵裬㺰Сϲ˵裬Һܲϲ
Ҳϲ˾ơܲã㻹Ҫɻ顣
ҵĳʣһˡ
ȥɹ̫ȴҪȥ˾ơ
÷˵˾Ƴɻ飬֮Ͳˡ
˾˵ҪҵƤ
ֶԨʹ˺ܾãЩܡ
Ӧˡ
ԨǰŶܳĬֱһ㡣
Ȼֱ֡
ˡȴû
ӣ·㵽ʪϼʱɡ
ԭˡ
˵ǣƤҾͰƤ
Ԩһ䣬˵ҲǶǹȥˣСΪ仰˶֪Բһڹȥʹ
˵ֻ
ѹֻ֣뿪
ǾĲҪ˰ɡ
ֿԨգգ۴
³ֻһϷԡϾԨûжƤκεĲԡ
仰ʼجӰΣ޷ͻ
Ŷ
˵ȥˣҪˡ
Ԩҧء
ҪˣȥˣָͨˣںˣǡѾνĴˣ
ҲãС˵Ȼһܡ
ԨһϢ̽ʣܸ𣿡
ִסˡ˺ܾãҡҡͷ
ˡ
ţȴκЦ⣺ǲǺҳɻˣһ𣿡
ֱôһѣ̵ͷҵʱ֪ɻ˼ôð⣬ǸˣԨ
ھ磬˺С޺󣬴˷޿ܲΪ֡
ʲô֪ʱʶһ֪ʱ򣬳Ԩ᲻Ȣ
ɻ顣Ǵһֱһ
ҲԨǿԳɻĹϵ
ɻĹϵȺܶĹϵҪܶܶࡣ
ӣ۾Ứ̵顣
ȷ֪ɻĺ塣
֪Ԩ˵
ʳ㣬ǲ𣿡
ֺԨĿԵһ̣۵׵ĳšҧʼ˵һС
˳ĬƬ̺󣬰Ѻ˵Ļ˻ȥ
㾭׽٣кտҪҸҲ޷
Ԩ˵һȥһˣ
ֺЩȻ̧ͷԨ
ġú˰ɡ
Ԩһӹ⣺͹ˡ
Ԩ
վʣĻȥ𣿡
ϣأʵ
ֺ˵úˡ
á
ԨЦġ
ԡͷؿԨǾʹ˱Ļ㡭᲻ֺȻߣ
Ԩ֣Ƭ̣ԳƵЦ
˭֪ء
֮ĲޣСİ׿㡣
˵գһۣ˺ѿ̤˿϶š
Ʈ䣬ҶҡҡλεعͷվڴͤתһȦ
ɽˮҶ
õů硣
Ψû
ǲǡܺã
ֲ֪Ԩ뿪ǶԵģΪʲô뿪˲䣬͸ܵһֹ¼š
Ϊ̫
ǲеġ
ûпʦûԨһ˵СˡҪѧһ˲С
֪ģֻ֪ǶڴͤҹִҹĻ
༫
԰˴ƿʯţͱĲɫӡӵ򦣬˳϶
һ߳°ȣص
һվɣɵظˮݣ˳ιˮĺβ㡣
³һѪ
ӲȥһѪ۶
ͳһֻֽ򿪡
лл㣬Ԩ
ɫƭֽ

ʵЩ̫ԣ˵ǻЩŵģɰͰͽţûƽ˵
ǾˣԨֽһһε
˵ллԨţ˵Ļ
̲ˣֱʱ䣬һ̶̲ˡ
ˤˮ뿪
ļ¶ڡ
Ӱ̴ݣ裬ٵεɫ
ڸλϣֳŶͷü֮жǱа
ꡣ
ֱ˵
ڳļ˶ûʲôӦ
̴ݾµҲ޷Ͼۺʱεضġ
ɿɨ̴ݣֿɫȴǱֲԲ״̬
Ψɫ
Ǵչ𣿳༫õģµһ׵

ԨǸ߸۵׸ֳɫѪȡ
ȫµ˶֪༫ʱ򡣡
ɫ˲Ȼ֡
˼ҪĴȥ༫Ҫѡ
޷
˴ڸü۵ɫ
Ҫľǡⳡѡ
#
˸С̺ڴͤ˯ˡ
˵ҹеѵġһֱ磬һֱȡ
ֹС̺СӺͨͨģЩ˳
֪ΪΣĵһʱ䣬뵽ľȻڡ
ڣڴͤ˯ˡ
ûţԼĴ紵ˡ
룬Ԩ˵롣Ҳ
ֲ֪ûоȥſˮԷ
˵Ƿȴǽ⼸ĵεһδεĻ䡣
һʱУʮ硣
ȷһ£ԨԨչߣ
Ԩˡ
ˡ
ҧԼǲ̫ˡʵҲǶΪѵ顣ֻҪһ̣װȥʲôûзװһ㶼ۡ
ǲеġ޷װʲôûз
ҲõĽ˰ɡ
Ԩܾǲˡ
Ҳ͵˽˰ɡ
ַʱŻ
ˡ
ֶ붯ֻ˺һŷȥš
ʱ˵¿ţִͥ
ɫͥȴΪˮرߵĹ¼űӰԵøտį
һǰȥ
С̡
ֻ
ȴ΢΢ۡ
Ӵһذ
˵ǳˣȴġֵٵߣ仯
ȴء
ˣ塣
ҺˡԾʯЦʣˣ˵ǳ༫ĵλɱ񣿡
ֺԨ˶ֱˣͷź͡
ôҡ
˵ҾǲʶиϢǲǵø㡣
˵ʲôϢ
ʵ
༫ʲô
ҺˡͷԥƬ̣ʵҲʲô¡
ܾЩԣתŵضź͡
˵ǣ༫ˣͷɿ˵˰಻ס׼ɱ༫
л˵
~
~
~


86 
ԭغһ, һԼ
ˡ
ˣԨΪֵףȷˡΪ, ΪϢգǻתص༫ҲǼģ뷨, ܿ
ΪʲôϢ˶֪
ڰݵ
ɱ
ŵû֣Լסġ
˭֣
硣
͵˵úʹ졣
༫ʮǰйһս粻ٴⳡսСԳ༫֮, õϢ, Ѿɳɱǰȥ
ˡ
, 뿪ʱ, Ԩ, սʱ
Ѿȥʮˡһսʼձ˫š򲻹һһĳ𲻵òʼնԳ༫ġԨ˵Ϣй, ˱㡣
ԲǶ̶ʱ, Գ༫ıѾչ
һö̫ˡ쵽˶һ, ༫ôˣϢô¶˸֪, ֻҪ겻ȵϢпбѹƶķˡ
ҧ, վŵС̺ء
ҵáҪȥʲô
վȴ, ֪, ΣֵܵЩԨĻϲ
ȥ֪ͨ༫𣿡
Ϣ༫ǲ֪ϾϢ
, ҵȥԨ
ҵȥɡȥϢԨģ༫δ׼
Сһ°Ͷֿ˺һǳ༫ȶʮıɡ
һ㶡
Ѿ֪ԨʮꡣǶʲôļδʲô֪̸ϱֵģǰѲʵĽҹġ
ûгҲûзϣǺͻʲô֪ġ༫ʲôˣΪһ˵ֵף
ջߣ˵ʰʰͿ뿪ˡ
˴ֻ̨ʵʿΪԶ߹ƶϣнڵΪǶ˵Ĳƽ
գգۣԴ˵ûκʧ䡣
ھһ׽ٺԼµˡ̨ӦǴȥˡ
뵽ֵ֣ܷƷʯġ
̧̧°ͣҸ֧ӣȥԼˡ
û뵽ƷʯҲܲˡ
лˡʵеصлƷʯءҲ״ˡ
һҺˡһС̣ҪȥĻʲôӣ᲻
ʵʵҡͷ
ᡣ
;Ͳµˣһöëݸ
˷
һƬɫëּĺ͵˫
ֺֹ˷û˵Ҳֻ֪ǵõԳ
õСëĿˣЩǸΡ
壬Ǹûﲻ㡣ڰݵĺȻ׽٣⧲ȫ޷ȥ̽
ȴûʲôʧ䣬ЦЦֹһ·л͡λˡݲһ񡣡
һ㶣ضڲ𣿡
ڡȴҡҡͷЩҪлλʢѡҼضˡ
ֵǲôĽչ¶˷ɵЦݡ
̫ˣϲ壡
ض䣬Ǿ븸ŮžҲˡ
ʢѡ뵽ʢأҲУ
ֺ뵽ڳϵǸ߸ʿȻİӣֵĿ⣬Ϥġ
ҲȷϾʢѲ죬û˵ΣҲˡ
ض䣬̨ҲܼȥǷŵǮҲҪһȫߣûɣſһиոպãȥһˡ
ΨһһӦҪ򿪹⣬ȡǰѽ
뿪ǰǵ֪ͨһʱɡ
Ͼ֮ǸԨɱĵ춯
ڴ˴СլԺʦԨ֧˼µδ룬ʱԲᡣ
ǾûʲôҪµˡ
мҵ㡣
ͼѾ׼뿪˵һ䡣
ԶлˣԶǹˡ
һ㶣̧ǡ⣿
û
ͱء
Щռˣǹ⡣ǶԺҲ֮ġţԶԶģ𣿡
ֱͷ
ˡ
ǹˣҲǽСԺ꣬ɱ˵λɡ
дһ֣ǴȥƷʯƾ֤
̨֮һ£֮ǰȥ˾С
ͺͺ˵ſڣţ⴩ź۵̧ţǴ˸档
ˣµ¶һ΢ı飬˹֣ǲ֪
̫ӵ¡ͿΪ΢˶һۣƿߣҲֱֵˡ
Ҳµķֹ⳯˹֣ˣֹ
һ˳ͱ˺ͺˣ촽˶
̫ˡɵ־Լÿڣ֪ԼҪʲô
ֹ
żҲûнȥͥԺУձڴפ㣬֡
Ҫ뿪𣿡
΢΢üͷ
Ҳ֪ʲô𣿡
ָ༫𣿡Ȼ˵˻֪ҵ˾ڰУˡ
ԥ£㿪¡
ڡ
ֵĻ۵ǹעһغҲܶһᡣڱҪץסġ
ڣ
㲻˵δ׼׵𣿡
ֻǵõʱֻ׼δһʱȥ򿪹⡣
ˡ˵༫Ϣ˾֪ӰǣǸģʲôҲ֪ҸĽɽҾ֡
ֳĬƬ̡
ỨѶã
á
ԥ£˵ֻҪţȡԵһŲùܡԼš
ֵǴӦͬˡ
ûκ׼ִ̫ص£⼸ʼδõ롣˽λ̫ӷСҲͬҪʲôû˻ע⡣
ִ㹬źһ·ŲҴǰ⡣
˵ǹ⣬ΪֶǮ鱦Ĵⷿ
û뵽ǣһķϵĹ
һšֵУûж߽ףֻ׻һ󷨾ͽ⿪ˡ
ŽĽ⿪ߵĹдӵðˮܿ͸档
ÿһ㣬Ȼˮ⡣ס·ȥ
ּˣûǰ˵
˵㲻ǸҲܿ죬ǸֹҲļ
ѾˮҲֻӲͷƤˡ
֮еţһ
һѽɫģȴ˵ӡ
ֵĻѾգյĶɾ黹СУóСá
С³һڻ顣
ûȥʦСܸܲáҪʦ벻ӣȥɽһˡ
û˹ûض˵ȥɡ
еºٲֹ
ֲ˵ŴƿţǸ˽ȥ
ÿҵǰѽȻ󣬰һ١
ȴôߣɾ̻࣬ԻͣŹҰڷĲżܣЩմ鼮ֻ
Щֵǵ䱦ֺûһۣĴѰһѽ
־˳ǽ
ܶལϰ߹ǽϣֻ߷ڽϣǷڽϺ׾ܿҲǴǽϹš
ټĹҲûҵ
㸸û˵ʲôط
ҵЩվֱת
ȴǽϵһ
죬ֵʻջµû˵ֻ֪ѽĴڡϾѽҵġ
޷ֻܼҡ
ʱһһιȥҲԽļ
ҧŤͷ
ֻҪǰѽ𣿡
ô
ô̫ˣֻҪԵĲҪҾͰȫˡ
ִָһҡһػ
˼֮ˣڱЩģѰĽ޷侲
ԣȴֽǽϵһժ¾𣬶ֵͷ
㡣
ָϣһ˲ӡ
ֻǵøһŶֹܷڻбյ
˲Ƭ̣ȼĶջˡµմɺ͵
̫ˡ
ûһ־ڿĵһϣҵһѽ
˵ǽʵҪһ磬ûнʣп⣬â¶
ѽڽϣ֮ǰһǰڵסûҵջ˻ѽ¶ۼˡ
־ȥȡ
ȴȥǽȴصתУֵֵֵ
ջ֡
˹
ѽȡˣҶ֡
ѽƬ̺˵֪ô¡ΪûҵѪ
˵һˣ
ŴЩһ̣ͼֱڽϻһ¡ðѪ
Ѫ̧ơ
ֺˣ̧֣ơ
ѪȾ֡
ֲ̫ϲѪֵģҲֻˣѪȥǰѽ
һΣûж׼˳˳õ˽
𽣣̸
ҽˡ
ŻӦģȴΣȻǰ
Щġ
ܸоĲˣӹлֹлˡ˴Ҳá
ִߴ
߰ɡ
ô˴εʱ䲻࣬˺˸ëܺܿȥ
ȵȡ
סֽ̧֣һС֡
ȥɣá
ֿûֱС
뿪ˮѾѻִһ۾˻
÷
ʲôˣ
˼÷лûǹѲߵ˴˼춯ŽΧס
̫ð찡
˾䣺ڻõĶʱ
ֲŲô࣬
ܶԸ𣿡
˶٣ֲԸ˾ȥˡҪˡ
̧ͷ¶һЦ
ֹﲻصġ˿ȻõʱҲȥˡ
´ֹʱӭ
ӭе˼
һʱ򣬻һжһ˰ɡ
ٵ󣬶ָҡһŷ˷
ؽ磬Щ˵ȴݰ裬׾ʹƽ뿪
֮һš
صլԺٶʰһԼĶó˸ë
עë˲ͣһô
Сվëϣһ̣ë˶ն
˳ɽķ򣬰Լеķλȥվëϣܲ紵ƽأǲƶˣӯء
һʱ䣬ͷɵϤǶɺӺ
ȻͲ֪ôȥѰҳˡ
ʵڲУǵȻʦţʦʦ˵֪ôȥ
Լʦŵɽ£أһŷըֱѺ׼ըԭɡ
شӽͳһŷ
ϤɽţƷҲڣҴʦŵĿܡ
ǾŰ
ôſڱ͵Ϯأ
̧ߣһϽը
Ǳ׷㲻úܸ߽ףɽը׷ԵֵκǰĽŲ
ɵˡ
վʦſȴȥ
СëҴҾţ
Զһź£ŹǷ˳
ԲһΣŽԶԶ֣ۡ
˵Ļԥ˰죬еķ̽ʡ
Сʦ֣
źߵС꣬룬Сʦֻ᲻ᡭ̫СЩ
ԭ㰡δıСʦá
С곤øɰЦ޺
ˣǾͽɡ
˳˽ȥ
ǺСʦֵһμ棬ָ˵ЩʲôȴСѾתӳ˼ŷ
ŰΧ
Сʦ֣ʲô
ûʲô
һ϶㵱ॵ졣
ǴʦԸˣǻˣʵʵʦţû֮ǰȥ
һ㶣֪Ϊʲô·ܿʦ˾Ĺϡ
֪ԨĹϵҲ֪֪ˣȻ
ʦû˵ôȥ
Ҳͦ򵥵ġ
Сʦָ֣һһѶ̶̵С
׿ڳϣʵԵֵһмѡ
л˵
~


87 
ˡ뿪һ˼, ҲȷҪõʦŶʵϿɡ
ڴ֮ǰǵöʦֽ̹ġ
СʦԵƬ̣ȥʦ
ʦȽиεҡҡͷ, ԼʦǶԲءڼҡ
ʦʦأ
ʵ
Ƚиںף·ıء
ʦԸҺͳȥǮȥ, ʦֺʦڼҡ⣬ҿɲ뿴ʦ㡣
Цʦ˵Сʦֵʱȴҧгݣ˼ͻ˰ĳģ
ʦֺʦڼ, ҲҪȥһ
û, ֱȥҶʦֺʦ㡣
ǡ, Ϊʦ, ˫Ͱϡµ, ȥʱͥԺͼǡ
ֱ£ֿϤʦʦ, ˵İĸС
ʦ, ʦ, һˡ
, ϳԵʲôСʦָ
ֵĸ첲ֱȻһ, ϲ˵Сʦóˡ
ЦЩ˼
˫ؿֱ֣𼸸, 仯ܴϢ, ֮е޷ڵġòЩ, Ӹһ㡣
һЦЩ
һǣЦﶼЩĲɵĵǡ
˫ǵôʦĽ
ڳ༫µĵͶʦˣСʦòҪȥ
˵֮ǰ֪Сʦôʦôһ˫Ѿֿ֪еľ˭
༫
ˣ˷ǻ
ҲԶǧ֮Сʦãŵ̷ȥĵز
ᵤˣ
˫֣Լ֣̽һ£ȴֵڲδᵤǽ𵤻жǿտյġ
ڿѾǽڵΪ
Ҳ˲̫һ
ָܲĴڣ²ӦûûУҡҡͷ˵СʦȽиһ˸Ƿ
Сʦû򲻴򣬲Ҿͼȥ˯ˡ
˼ɫҪġ
򡭡˫һ̷Ӧ˹ŴЩյؿ֣ȥ
գ۵ͷ
ЩжҴõϢȥ
˫ԣˣ
ĬĬͷ
СȽ˫Ƚи꣬ȥ䳡Сʦôһ
ʦǰ䳡⻹뿪ǰģͬΧľ׮Ӧǻˡ
Ƚи䳡һ֡
СʦãľɱֵĻֶЩôⶼϰˣҪСЩ
ͷ
֪ˣСʦ֡
ɱֵĻ
ȽиҲû˵Ϊӵ˴ɱ༫Ļ˴ʦ㣬űʦ㰴Ÿ˻ƣõСʦõġ
һƵĶУָһСལʱȽиӰ䳡ʧ
ȴǴӿĲķ֣СʦֵѾǰˣ
̧ȥ񵲣Ѹٽһ㣬ˡ
еȽиӰ𽥸֡
Բ΢΢ףСʦ÷Ӧܿ죬ҿܸûġ
һ̣һӰʧ
ȻһΣҲе
·Ǿֹġ
ȫСʦ֡ûκĲûк
ǡ
΢΢ۡ
ˡ
ϸģŵأġϮ
Ѹ̧СལֵһкСལײʱ졣
Ƚиֱ֣˺еµţȤؿ֡
Сʦͦġܷҡ
ʦ֡Ƚи곯˫̧̧°ͣԱȫû⡣ȥͬˡ
߬˽ĻΪײ۵ϲؿСʦ֡
Ȼô׾ͨˡ
Ƚи껹ֿСôҵģ
ʵʵ˵
ȽиŴЩգ´һغˣ
ЦֵԴ
Сʦúǰˡʦʦ֪һ˵ġ
ֱŴЦЦЩߡ
Ц˻ֺȻֶʦʼû˵
̧ȥȴֶʦƺ˳˼ʲô£ԶĿ޽
ʦֵ֡˺һûʦջ˼Сһ䣬ҿ𣿡
˫ȻعĿϣЩ⡣
ȥʲô
ЩĮ
ֻǸϢһ㲻ԶȥԺܶܶΣգˣҪȥ𣿡
ִţͷָ
֪֪һҲȥһԨ޷ĵġ
ˡֻǵ˵ҵֵˡ
˫׶֣ضˡ
һΣȥɡ
ȥ
˫˵
𰡶ʦ֣Ƚи˫֣µȻȥʰɡҿǺպɱ֣԰Сʦõæ
СʦȵǸˣҰȶʦֺʶˡ
˫ɨԼСʦܡ
ȷģκ˶ʸȥ
̫Сˣǡ
˫˿ڣȽиͬСҪһ
˿Ϊᱻԭʦʦֻʵ̫ȥ˰װˡȷʵԱ󣬾
ûаǿƲȥ
Ǹؽ뻳ıǸ֣ϻЩû꣬ȥǵʱҺľ
ԼʦĻеõ˶ݵ
ûϵģʦ㡣
ολʦѾ֮ϲˡ
ʦûбģһСšԼӣὫװһеݸ֡
ɫ涾Ŷɫǵġɫǹƣ֮ʲҪõĺá
ЩСӣʦĺ⣬ֻӲͷƤˡ
лʦ㡣
ֵҪżȥʦҲûжය˫Ƚиȷһȥʰ˵㶫ֱӴС
ִ߾ҲһĹ
ǵִ߾ȴȴӿн䡣ڱ߾С㡣
˴Ǳʿռˣһȥȫʿ
һȽڴ˴ʱѾʿڴ󺰣ѣǽ˺δĻƣ˶ʯȥǵ취Ǯ
ֻһȦ˴ִı߾СǣһƬС֣Ա߾ǳǾ|ӵϿգһϳߡ
ֻͼȥƻϣǻ˰Ҳûá
ǻ硣
˫ʶ㣬һ۾ϳǳĻ硣ɺԵĽ粻ͬ⼸̺һʿȫʵѰܱġ
磬ǹ||֮ʲɿ
ȴĳϿգȴ˻硣
ԣǻ硣еʿһ˸ǰͣ˵ǳΪ˵ֵ֡
ˣԭĳл籣ŵģԳ༫Ӧáǣ
ǵֵס𣿡Ҳиյʿ档
ֻ֪⻤ֻܵӣסСˡ
ʿζ˵գҡͷ뿪ˡ
˴۵ʿڶ࣬ܶ඼ȥ༫һ̽ġлһЩ֮ˡ뿴༫Цˡ
ȴ΢΢üֻܵӣС˵Ļ磿
ⲻʲôöû
Ļ簡ȽиС૵ȷס˰
Сʦ֪ʲô𣿡
ֺʡ
ȽиҧָҾͼǵóԼǰһλɡ֪Ϊʲôǻ缸ſһ̾ˡʲôס
üô˵Ȼл磬ʵϾûжһ硣
Щ
Ҳ̫ȷָֻ飬ȴ˫ֱӽְ¡
ﶯ֡
˫˵գͷҲسһ˵Ľȥ
ֺȽиæĽŲ
ȷơ
˫ߵ˴С˵ֻ˺һӡܷȥ
Ȼ
ʦУ÷ľȽиˡ
ֿʮָͣӡӡͬʱһһصֱǰصĽɫ󷨡
ֽ̧£һСӣƤһԼµСʦҪʲô
죬ң
Ƚи˵գ˼ʧڿУ˵⻰ʱѾ֣ץסӣǿֱܷλáʦն
Ƚиֱײֱײ˽ϣȴǽźõСݳײ˲䣬ڻһ϶
ץʱ䣬϶պ֮ǰ̴˳
һأɫ΢䡣
ֻǸһѣмһԶ
Ĺһжġص˲䣬ŵŨѪζ
ֻ˵ڳϿյɫ
ǺܲģɫҡҷƵ˺ģ٣ʱʱ̶̿ڸϿմġ
ѹ
̧ͷʡ
ϿʲôĴڡ
¡첻ɡȽи껷ΧһȦ̾˿༫Ȼǳˡ
СʦֵĻк塣
Ԩãһжáˣ˵һṲ̋Ѷšǻܳô˻ᣬ˵Ԩɱĵز
֡
˫Դ˴Ҳôϲüأȥ༫·
ȴԭء
ңҲ֪
صͷ
ڳ༫꣬δڳ֪༫ڳĺδҲ֪ôȥҳ༫
˫סˡ
Ȼ֪˵ڳ༫İ꣬ʼնһе
༫ңһû֪ǿȥҳ༫󡣡
Ƚи飺֮ǰиǳ༫ģ·ɡ
˿СʦڣȻܲԶ˳ȴΪҲ༫ķλ˷ѹ
ӳı߾ǰ༫м侭˰ʱ䡣
Ƚиصĵطһǵĵط
˴һ༫󣬻˵˵һ༫ͨ
༫֮ͨУΧǷ˵¥磬Ժǰų༫ͨңԵΧ·ƵС
ҲȽиҡǰŻ
ӦŵСͯȽи꣬۾ŵػͷȥ֪ͨǸСˣ
ߵȽиʱպһСӣȽиɫü΢һµֱһľϡ
˵˭أŲҿȣ
Сͯ˵תܡ
Ǽ⣬װû֡
ԸӰ˵ֻġ
˺
һ˵˲Ƭ̣һԼʮӣȽи꣬˹֡
ȻˣɴδǷȻ˵Ǯ֪Ȼ˺ȻţкҪ£
ȻȽиֻ°͡
ͯҪ¡
ԥƬ̣Цÿˣλ롣
Ŀɨ֣оޣȴܿƿĿ⡣
Ƚиֵ໹С˵༫ĺöڳ༫ֻλ֮ͯǰˣһֱˣеһ
ֺǵôһֻͯҴҼΣҲ֪ͯϲʶ
˵Ĺʦ˱쵽ĩϯŤͷŲദŵ硣
Ȼˣò
ǴƳһӣЦúͰڼҲүûʲô𣬾һˡ
ЦǺǵ߳ҪȽи깰֣Ŀɨ֡
ӲŵصɴۣĬãִ۵Сۡ
գգۡ
ϵóɣ
ͯһ䣬ع
¼ֹ
һ֮ȴڳ¡
һ㶣
ͯȴȲأߴٵأֹҪس༫׼
л˵
~
~
~


88 
ͯȻֶɵ뿪༫ʮ, Ȼ̴ȥ༫
̲סѡ
뿪ʮŶȷ˭𣿡
ǳ༫Ķ֮涼ȷһ
ϴ, ǻ˵
ͯôһѣԼȷ̫ļЦǺǵλֹ, ڳ༫ΣǰЩ»ϵó
־ͯԻͦáһ굽ͷѼһΣ뿪ʮԺ󶼻ܼǵסò
ͯüԡֱó, Сʦ˵λͯ, ܶϲ˭
Ӧõ, Ӧõġ
ͯôܲǵ֡ǲΪѰλֹû񼸸ͨһЩСϢ֪, λֹпܻص༫, ˭ܽӵֹ˭ͼ˴ˡ
ֱӽͷϣɲϲ
Ȼ, лˡ
ͯرظȽи깰˹֡
ȻССرֺݶֹܰǰ, Ǵˡ
Ƚи굹û˵, ͷԼСʦá
ԭһ, ҪǰԳ㲻׬СʦõǮ
ԥ˰죬Ǯ˿ڴ, ͳȥ
˻ͷСʦ׼Сˡ
ߵִ̰ͨͯ, ׼ֻص༫
һ, ͯĵ׼ʮ, ֱӼķɴֵȥ
һܴķɴòźѰֻûʲôǴպһЩһЩ
վڼװϣͯרȥһ£ЦǺǲݷɴǰ༫
ɴ֮д
ֺſΧΧ
ɽǳǳأСİ˼ҡ
ڷɴɢۣٱ紵ɢ
ķʵûġУУҪѵĶѽ
Щ֪ʦܲܽôܷɵĴ
˫ȫ̳ĬͬվΧԣͬǣĿڰռϡƲϷ·ʲôڡ
Խ༫Խԡ
ɴɹһӸɽһӿȵĺ
һ̣ɴ˰֮һڿյʯϡ
ʯϻվһˡ
۷֣˾Ȼ衣
ˣֱͯӴӷɴϷȥЦǺǺ˵ȥͨҰֹˣ
̧ĿſΧߵϡ
ʱʮֺ꣬࣬ʲôûб䡣
费ԶԶֹ˹֡
ȥɡ
Ļ䣬ʯʼӣ̳һƽȴ·ų༫
ôˡ
Щ㱣վڷɴϣܿԶĹԶԶɽɽ塣
Ҳٽһ㣬ῴ࣬Ϥĵط
֣ȽиѾֱ·ɴˣش
˫ջߣֵȻˣȲҪ̫ࡣ
ִţ֪ġ
༫Ҫġ
ΪЩֵֹӰ
˷ɴڿʱ迴Ŀ΢ǰЩƣǶĶ
ֻ¶һϤǳЦ
ֹڻˡ
ַ躰Ҳֹ
ǰƺɣÿμ棬ͷ΢Цѣֵ߿ǲẰκγƺ
ҡȥԨ
벻׾Ͳˡ
ڶ赭˵ֹȥҵӴ⡭λİĿˣ
£ͷôҲڳ£
ֵֹġ
ҶʦֺСʦ֡һ䣬һġ
˵ǡǡ
Цⲻ䣺ֹλʦ֣Ȼǳ༫ϱλ롣
˫ȴס֡
һȥ㡣
̫ʣλˡ
費˵Цžܾˣֹ޵ʦ֣Ҳȥʦõ޵𣿡
˫ü΢Ȼ軰е˼ΪˣΪջԳ༫Ǵĵֵ޵
ֱʦҲһ룬ԨˣԸİ
ԥƬ̣Сʣʦ֣ԵһȦӣľΣʦֿ𣿡
ϾʦֺСʦֶΪģҲܽλʦֽȥд
˫ֱ̧̧°ͣߡ
ȴͬ
Ƚи°ͣЦζ
༫Ŷ
Ц⵹ǲ䣬΢΢λ롣
߹Ϥ·ΣԶǺţһȦͷһա
·˲ٵĳ༫ӡ
ڷʱһǽŵ˵ȴһ⣬ͳͳʺ
ֹ
ַ·ܵԳ༫˵ӭӡ
Щ֡
룬ǰɴû˻
ѵ˵뿪ʮ꣬༫еĹر𣿿ԴС
֪
Сʦã治ȽиҿȷЩӶַĵؿ־𾴺
ֹ
ŲǡСϾǰġĺ⡣
Ҳǳ༫Ĵ֮
š
Ϊˡֱֳص
ھ붫һ·ʱҲãͯҲãͳͳͣ½Ų
ֹԼȥǣ²ͬˡȥλ˰Ųˮ
Ϳ˵
ͯҲЩû뵽ڶ²ܵһʱϲˡ
ǰǰֹﻹЩȥɣͷ羰
ֻͷǣȷȷǷֱʮ꣬Ѿ׿Щˡ
󣬻ֺλʦִֵﶫ
ڵ⣬˫פ㡣
ҺСȽ㡣
˵գ֣£ʦǶڡ
ֿʦ֣䡣
ãʦڣµġ
Ѿǹһ˵СˡʦŵСꡣ
ʦֵػСʮ㡣
ֿš
һ۾ͿĻǡ
̫պŻŻ·ڳ˯ǰԼ̫ĻϣŻ
Уʪģսˮӡ˻ҶƯûгʴûһӲݣֻһЩֵֹĲɫĢ
վڻԣϲؿŻǡ
δ˵ǳ·˯ֵ˵㣬󻨰򿪣ʺεĻ
˰
̫Ҳһ̷ȫպϵĻһͳͳ򿪡
̫ҪõĻ̣ҫۡ
˻ˣ
ֶڻߣ֣Ҷӡ
ٻ䳯֣ͷ
ڻ˰
Ǹˡ
˷ܵĻǣʼմЦ
ڵеλһࡣǵ˻ǵڵˣܿ뻨ᡣ
Сʦԭϲѹּ˺ö໨ȽиСʦ֣֪Ļ˭Ū𣿻ͦ˼
˫ƽƿߡ
ԭϲ顣
ֺͻǺһվ
򶫵ĵš
Žաڡ
Ԩɡ
뿪ûټڳ༫ڶһҹĵط
һ̧ա
ڵĽŲȥƿ˶ĵš
ŵĺնҡҷ紵ζ
ֵպϡ
̨֧Ϸʮ˿ź飬˵ǽġǺ˿Ȼ޹⡣ڵűպϺǰһ˺һܿڵ
Ԩ
š
ȴûӦ
һߵϤСԡ
Сϣһ˰Ƕ·˯ͷԱߣһƤСѣﻹһѩɫƤë
˯
룬ˣܾ֧
ѧԨ֮ǰӯΧԨһȦ

ԭԭ˵ô𣿲ֻ꣬壬֮£ǰ΢
Ϊֵס
֮˵Ŷԡ
ҧŴЩ˵Ԩ
ɵ˼ƷҲ֪ЧΡֻܷ˽ü΢΢չ˵㡣
ҲСԵĵصŶϤһС
ϤģֺǴİġ
ȫԨϢ
յĽڼԨ󣬻Ϊƣ룬ֿСϣƬ̾ͱۡ
˯һõľ
˯һƬů֮УϤЩѷʱĺ󱳣˯
Ҫ˯̫ãҪҪԨһϢԼ˯˷ʱ䡣
ǹֿã
˯ϣԨĻУһȥİ˯
Ԩ
ƣرۣٴǿ
Ƕ˫ֱϥ˲ȸԨ˵֪Ϣ
˵׼֣Ҫɱ㡣Ѿɳˣ
Ԩ絹΢΢ü
ôҲ׼֡δ˵꣬˵ظ˿ڣԭôءȴ֪
ƮƮֵԴ
лר֪ҡ
ɿֺ˲࿿Сϣһ˫֡
ֻǵ÷ֱǰԨ˵Ļ᲻Լ˵Ļǲ㻰ģ
ǲġԨ˵Ļ
ȥɡ
ƿߣƮƮ˵
һ㶡
ȥ
ȥʦţȥԨĮ 뿪༫
ҧ´ĬƬ
ǡ
˵ת
ȴںﲹ˾䣺ᣬҵýһ䡣
༫񲻰ȫ㰲ȫݡ
߬ȹӵ΢΢ɿð˺ɰͰŶһ
ԨĽ͡Ƿǰʲô
ʱгԨҲڿĿı䡣

֪ʼĿıӰÿһ߳˵Խİ
ֱ¶סԥ£ת
Ԩǲ˵úأ
̽⵽޹꣬˵úأǼ˵ĻǺεȾʹ
ɫˡ
ҧ´ЩصԨһۡ
Լˣ˵˵ñеĻҪأ
Ҫȥ߰ɡߴ༫ȫȫھ뿪ȥ
ԽǱôߴ٣Խζ
ߣɽԼ뷨ԭ㲻Ҳûа취
Ԩϰ֡վԭ٣ȴʼûŲԼĲ
˼ȥȴСһ䡣
ǲǱǰˣ
ԨС̽У϶Ĵ𰸡
ǵģںˡԨ˵ѾȺܶ˺ܶ˶ˡ
ֱˣһ˿Ц⣬Ц⣬С˵
ʦţҲԳȥӵǮˡ
ȻúԶҡҲԱˡ
֪ģĻ֪һȥһ·϶ȫȻҲΪԵʡִ˵÷ɿ죬ŮԶܽظʱҡҺûʲôæɱġ
Խ˵Խͷɥ˵˵Լϸȴ֣ʱ޿̲ԨʼǰΣɨƽ
Ԩ˵죬ȴʼձ侲
˵ճĬ˺һͷżڵϲ䰡ء
˵뿪ʵϻǱչţšԭ߱˵
Ļһ˿Ц⣬֣ʣˣΧΣգֹɷȫ
̧ͷû뵽ԨȻôˡ
գЩͣ㣬ôģңҵʵ֪ģұúԶԶ
һƷʯԨлҵĽͣѰܿǧʯݺܸǧʯ㣬ǶҸһƷʯԸ𣿡
գۣһƷʯǱһƷʯ֪Ǳġ
ںû˵
У֣ĺˣҪԼ
濴֡ΨһĴ𰸡
֣Ψ㿴ҵǱɴ䣬ҲֻԸ㿴
ܱҵˣֻ㡣
Ԩƽ͵֪Ҹߡ뿪༫Σأ޷ԱҲ޷㣬¿ʱҲϲ༫Ҳ㡣
ˣ㲻ߵġ£ҲȰ㡣
͵Ե˽ԨĿϣԳƵЦǰܿ㡣
л˵
~
ϼ~


89 
־ڳ༫ʱԨ
Ϊ, ǾԼʵжǿǿȳ༫ĸλܱǺܺõıԨ
֪Ԩ˶Ϊø
ֻصλʦ, Ҫʱڳ༫
˫·Ͳµ˸׼һͷ
ֱλʦסڶĲ
ĲʼնǿյġԨ˵, ǿͷǡ
ڳ༫Ҳδùû뵽뿪ʮòô
ֱȥ˼, ǰæɨ
澼ֺʮǰȻͬ, , ˳, ֳϻ̳Ͽ, ȴ̧ͷֱֵȥʰ˶ƫ
Ƚиڶ, ػش, ˸ۡ
Сʦ, Ҵҵ, ЩǼңǳˡ
ʵʵش𣺡ЩҵģԨġ
༫, ֻԼ
ʦ֣ȰȰСʦ, ȽиߵԱ, Щ, ͷЦŶ˫˵ѽ޻ֵôҪ˴һƬԼԼģ˵ģҲҪԼĲС
˫û֡
㶺ã
ԼҲ֪ԥƬ̡
ȵ༫ûΣյʱɡ
˫ˡ
ľڻŻƬ̣׼ȥϢϢ
ߵȻסˡ
ԨסĵУס
ǰһС˯
Ѿǰһˡ
ԥ˺һŻȥ
СϣѾ˯ˡ
ȷأʱ䶼˯лָ
ֲŪĵŽſһ㣬ֲҿ̫Ͼ飬ԼСץ֡
ʼմϢСѡ
Ѿܾû˯ˡ
СõȥŻ˯
СѣֻСԨ
˺ûѣȥ̶̵ʱ䣬˯ˣûյľ裬һ˿ôá
ԥ˻˸ԨһƷС׼뿪
С
ȴ֪ʲôʱˣ۾δЩƣСѷ¡
һ㶣εɿ֣ЩСŪˡ
ҵ˼ǡƺСĽţ̾˿ʼıԼ˵ķʽ
Ϣý˯ðġ
Ԩ͵͵ġ
ŶԹ԰Сѷ˻ȥ
ۣǺȻСѷŻͷԱߡ
ǺܾǰֻС˯λá
˾˯ɡҡԨ±ۣ˵ԵЩ΢ڣҰЩ
ԼõҪȥŻǰԨۡ
ԱغΣ굽Сȥ
õСʼеůϢ
ɫƤëҲ
ҡβС˺һƣڰԼ̳һСԲӣͷβ˯ˡ

һִ˯ڣִ˯峿
ŵ˯õõĻ⡣ϤůСУ˯Ҳӳ˯ߵʱ䣬Ҳ۵ʱܲԼʵġ
ܸ֮ܵСѵˡ
˲Сϣֻһֻꡣ
ˣҪȥ
ϤĻУ·ȥϴ¡
лȫѣһЩµ롣
ִȡһɫϵһɫĹУͷƿš
ýˡ
Ȼߵʱ֣ǶѾˮˣˣˮеĺβҲιˡ
ֵһȦĢõ˺ܺõĳơ
Сʦá
һഫСʦֵ˳ȥȽи˸ڳ
ûʲô䳡ҺͶʦֵöһ
룺뿪ߵĵطһͦĵطҴȥ
˵Ҳöһˡ
ģʦŽǰš
֦ҶïģһһƬݵء
˫轣Ƚи
ֿʦ֣ٿСʦ֣ԴӽͳԼС롣
СǱ˺ö죬һͷ
һ룬͹Ĺĵرȸ
еһȫ֡
ܾСϾǺͨеķûܾݶ
ѣֽ̫ŵԭشö
С񻹲⣬ɵƤӵ£ػε
Сżһߴöһ߰οС룬ھöܾˣ㻹ҵıС𡣡
ȥʦæһСֻȥɽʵڲУҲͦá
ԼţСȻޣһٸ߽׷µġ
ֺ˺һŰСãСʵʵϣô
ͬóСལ
մʦ̸ģһһο̣齣ν
ѹ͡
ʦֲ֪ʱͣ轣ֳֽվֵָ࣬
ѹ
Ҫ
ֵĺܶද׼֮ǰû˽ʱԼϹĺܶƿġ
ިǸСڵģΣܷ㹻
˫ȴϸڣֲԵһһ˵
ϰЩ֮䣬ʦֵָ㻹׷
˫ֵ
жҵĶߡ
ȴվֵǽɶһһ֡
˫Ĵ£һԼƴ
˫ֻһߣɿ֣˺
Լ
Ŷһ˫ģԡ
ƣϰ˵һЩƻǱûж仯
˫˵õϰߣܸĵ
ʦ֡Ƚи겻֪ʲôʱЦز˲Ķ˫˼ۣ˵Сʦõĸõϰߣ
˫ɨȽи꣬ۺв
ЩҵĻϰеࡣ
˫ºЩ
Щ޹أ̵ϰߣȫˡ
Ըµ˼Ǳϰ߲ã
Ԩ
ԨԶɫ˻
ϳЩ԰ףѪɫˡ
Ԩߵ࣬Цɨ˫
ֵĶʦְɡλἰҲСʦ֣
һ㶣СԨôˣ
˶˵᣺ȥ㲻ڣҲġ
ЩǼ⣬˵õıԼڳ༫̫ȻķӦȫ˸Ԩһ
ԣСʦõСʦ֣Ȼ¾Ƕĳ༫ѽ
Ƚи굹Цû죬´Ԩ·ڿһɽ
Ψ˫ĿԨϸ£ջĿ⡣
ԣ޴
ȴǳֵĻϰ߶Ԩɵġ
ԨЦⲻ䡣
޷½һ֣ѧҡϰҪĵģô
˫ֱ̧Ԩӡ
Ŀʱ۵׶һ˿⡣
ԨС˵岻ãȥϢɡء
֪峿ķ紵һҲһΪʿʲôëԨˣ̲סĵøࡣ
ԨȴǱֱ֣ͦ˱Ц⡣
ܺãЩСˣ¡Ϊ˼ˣӦддˡ
ģȷûʲô˵ĺۼ̽Ԩ˵úأĻͲó߶ξġ
дֱ˵ʦֺСʦֲˡ
˵ֲ꣬ŷԼ˵ֱ̫׳ˡ
ʦֺСʦֶ˵ˣǶԨ˵ǴδİˡǴ༫ˡ
ճ༫Ĺأ˵⣬û˿ǰ˴ġ
ǵģ˵ֲͣýֻͣ˵˵ûǿˣȷҪд
Ԩϸֵ飬ʱ̷Լ˵ǡ
ԭǲ֪λʦֻ֣ǿˡȻԼǾ޷༫ڶλ⣬ֵļңԼҾǡ
ĿֵϣˣҪչλʦ֣вã
ȫԨٶȣֻϡͿ˵ͷ
ɵˣڵ뿪༫ʮ꣬Ͳһֱڳ༫ʱ
˴˵̬һˡ
˾Ͳڱ˼ܵġ
ǸֻǵǸˣ´ҳǰġ
ԭǲ֪ڳ༫һһжҪͨ
˫˵ԼĻ̌ɨԨ
ôĹأ˴ȷʺɢ̡
ԨЦⲻˡ
һ˵ȻСˡ
ʦô˵ɲУ˼ҿǳ༫ְ̧ɱô졣Ƚи껹һЦǺǵӦ˵ǵض࣬϶ΪСʦúá˵С
Ԩ۵¶⡣
Ȼд֡
ԼʦֺԨô˴ǺˣŵصɴۣҧŴؿǡ
Ԩۣ죬ȴûз˫Ƚи꣬ض˵λʦֶƫҾͲڴǲˡлЩҪˡˡ
һ㶣Ԩ΢΢ףת뿪
ˣ
ȫû뵽ԨҲ̵ʱ
û¶ֲ죬ʮ뿪
ֶԨ뿪ıӰʧ
Ƚи˻һ⵷˵˫
ʦ֣༫ִҲ
˫ֵʧ񿴵һ
һʱõõࡣ˫һͳǺɫġ
ѹִʦǧСʦÿȽиȴ̾˿ôõûСʦڣֻӶǸĵ˰ɡ
ֵȷĶԨ
ˣȴʦ˵Ӳκǰ˵ȴλʦֶĲãܿʦǡ
ִδԨ
ԨİУİġϧ
ֿԨıӰˣŻعͷ
ƵؿŶʦֺСʦ֣죬ȴʲôҲû˵
֪ʦֺСʦԨ޳ԹôĺԨ˵ΨһĿܾΪ
Ϊ֪λʦΪ˵ôκָֻʦܰɡ
ʲôҲ˵
ֻǴСལ
Ѿˡ
˫˺һûеȵֺ˵һָ
˵ôֻһԣ˵ĻǲˣǰһԼҲϽԼ˵Ļ˵
ɫȥŴĬ
ķΧȽиܲˡ
ĶƤţ˶ˣǱԿвСҵԵİɡ
ŷӦ
ãȥ˰š
˵ȥ˰ţʵ϶ѾʮŮףͥаںʳ
һٷԵĲɡ
ʵûסȥ
Ԩ˵ҪһЩеǴˡ
ԼȥԨûʲôģ˵ڳ༫ҲС
ǰ뿪˫ɫ
ֻȽиЦеҧһ㣬ڰ
ִֵ̨ʱǶ迴֣һȴЦӭֹ֣ҵ롣
ûȥôֱ֪ǰȥŶ롣
һƬڡ
ż󣬵Զպϡ
һ̣ߴںڰг֣§ſļͷ
ЩİĻɬûǶ֡ú𣿡
ֺԨֻԼ౻סЩɬɬ÷͡
ż⣬̧Ԩĺ󱳣ض˵úܺãҲáԨܰɡ
ܡֱӳˣ۲ˬûô˵
֪ģ֪ĽҲΪ֪Ԩж಻ס
Ǹֻô˵ʦ֣ΪʦΪѣǻЩԨ
ǸûáƮƮ˵
Ҫô죿Ҳˡ
ԨںڰУɿ˱ֵ֣վֱ塣
ңҾͲˡ
ҹɫ֮пԨɫܽظʱҲҪһӵ
Ҳ鼸ʮУܻᾭȥӵ˴˵ӵõ
ԨһֱҪ
ż⣬ֻ̧סԨš
㣬ˣԨ
л˵
~
~
~


90 
µСʯ, ûϤơҲ°롣
ʯ¡
ֻǼǵʯ֮ǰ̹ô뿪༫ͬ, ַʽҲͨǺ༫
£¼ӹ˼󷨡
󷢴Ƭ, ûʯκϢˡ¶ˡ
ȥСʱִ˴뿪ǰ࣬һҶûС
ûයӴ˴뿪ͻ
ߵһ, Զ
ֻ, ·вŷӦ, ĳ༫ǰôȫݵġ
ǿıʲô, ̫ˡ
̲һŷ˳ſķȥ
ȴС÷԰ľͷ, ӽߵһƬյء
һͷ͵ޣЩء
ֶΣգԼʶһ̡
, ˽Ѻ, , ˼ͷޡ
𵱳ּ, ⼸ͷҪ޴Ķ࣬غ˻Ų̤һУ», ȼ˴ƬĴ֡
˳Żĵһ·ҪյС÷԰
ִʱ˵ѾѲߵĵڵֵ
޵ʵڱ뺷, ֲѰ̴ܴ, ӽڽڰ, ˣǱڵء
ٶлһŶܷ£Σʱ̽ǼȫС
żصͬʱһС𴸳֡
ýԸǲ̫еġֻǵõ̴ݶԸʱж౻
ΪĵԻ޵Ƥҡ
СལҲֻͬȫûжԿС𴸲ͬС𴸴ħܺá
ٴ˸ֱӽ⼸С
ʵЩףʮǰֵ˭ŵģΪʲôôʮ󣬻Щޣ
ޱΪŭӭ
վԭأۿ޵ľ޴ȻһԾʱյġ
ʡ
ֱƬ̣ۣһ㣬ӯԾһ׷һС̺׵ֱ֮Ӵ޺󾱡
һ֮£޺Ȼء
޵ĺ󾱺ɫѪҺԴԴϣ׵·޵Ƥ⣬λãƤ⿪ʼڻ
ֿУħﵱʱһ
Щޡ

ֲδ룬²ǿʱǱڵصʹ˻ŷضɽҡдҪ˿ڴ
ʱȫ
ͷƤˣζ̫ˡҲܴӣĵӸԸЩޡ
޻һͷǺüͷѪڣ³򣬳̧צ
ֶܿ죬е׷һһŻڿвϷת壬еСҲ¡
ÿζǳ׼֮ݺС𴸻ȥ
ЩޱǹƤңƫܲСϵϢ㴷֮£ֻҪߡ
ѿ޴ĵط졣
ۼֿ˦ֽط֮зž޴޵岻ߡ
һ˴Ѿٵˡ
ȹŮӳһ÷÷ڿвʱɢһϢ¶ѣμƬ̣Ȼء
ȷ⼸ͷ޶ӡ

ȹŮӸźԶӵؿ֡
ֹʿաòֹΪѾ˸ˡ
Щûϳλ÷ˡ𵱳ӣڵ÷˲ٵɫҪ񣬱ǰҪᶨöࡣ
ʲô
÷˵ܳһ|СŮ÷˵ֺ
ֺˣ÷ģʱʮ꣬ĺѾܴˡ

÷ظԼŮǣŮ߽
ֹҼŮ÷СˡСλֹ
СŮСܱ׼̸ֹ
ֹ
أȴԵЩˡ
ЩӲ룬Ƕã
÷˷·ֵĲ죬ŴЦ
ֹ庢ڲж÷
ֻǲ̫ͺҵ˵ͷ
ߵļͷȫ÷ѩιȥּ˼ףȷ޶ˣЩ
ͬʱɫһ١
ֹû°ɣ
ɫһԱߵżͷޣһ
ļǵãҲޣġ
û¡ֻǼ˵ĵӣǿеˡ
ֹģɡ
ɫȷû˲˿ת÷ˣЦǺǵ÷ҲڰӴⲻС𣿡
ɫˡ
÷ϥ΢΢
л÷˳ˡɫ˵գ÷ȴֻҡͷҳֹ֣ƷЩޡ
ɫЩ㵣Ŀϡ
һȥʱʱϲûκΪֵʵܻһŽ׶Ρû뵽ϸ֮²ŷֻ֣ŨΪɫ޷жϡ
ɫ֮࣬ȴЦˡ
ֹʵ̫ˣϲ
ֱôһϲЩ˼
Ҳãл÷˳֡
÷ЦŶϥֹܰæ檵ĸ
ɻؿ÷ˡܾô÷˶̬ȣҲתܴ
޻ôг༫Ľ⡣
ʹɫ˵Щ춼޴롣
Ļ˺󣬶ͨһġǻ磬ܵһһε˺ѣôûԭĺá
˳Ļ༫Ľᱻ顣
Ϊжߣʮǰˡ
ɫ˵ʱɫҲ̫á
༫ĽơֻǸڹֻۣ»ᡭ
Ŀϣ뵽Ĵ㣬̾˿
༫Ҫһֻ
ͷһ
Щޡܲ鵽Դ磬ǡħ
ʵ
ɫȴҡҡͷȷۣϾǺħûκǣ
ִ
ֻ뵽ڵҶɾīħ
С𴸴ħʱħܲסЩҲһ
ܾţЩ޿ܺħЩ
øԨ
ֹ
Ҫ̧뿪ȴ÷סˡ겻ֹˣ֪ɷ΢һ˵
ԥƬ̣΢΢ҡͷ
ˣҵûȥ
÷˲δ˵ʲô΢΢ϥͷ
͹
ȥԨ˳С÷԰뿪ûһֱ˸š
ֻͷ
ǶСģȴҵ÷С
СŮñҪһ㣬ֻԶСһЩüۺ÷˲ôƣȴӢҲ÷˵ɷ÷ɽˡ
תʱСŮ̧ۣװԼ
ֿЦˣȴվԭûˡ
𣿡
÷Сԥ˺һŷ֣˳
СŮ˵ӻߣ쵽ּˡ
ͷϸ֡
ִСŮֻоĺ棬Ҳûж
ֹѽСŮˣʲôϽָ˸񣬶С˵ƯҰƯġ
ֲ֪ô뵽ԶԶУԶİҲƯŮӡ
Цţ˵öԡ
κκӵУĸ׶Ůӡ
УŮӡǴʦʦˡ
λȥʦûпʦ㣬Щź
ֹɱ𣿡
÷С˵գֱȹӸֹˡ
ɱҰˡ
˶ɵˣðŻعȰСŮӵϣֻԼڵϡ
ҲɱﰡΪʲôҪɱ
⻰ֲŸˡ÷֮䲻ʮǰôһЩǳǳദ̸죬Щˣ˾Ͳȥ÷˾ˣôɱأ
Ƕ˵÷Сһһε䣬˵ֹˣǰ㲻ãᱨġ
룬÷С˵ǹϵ̸Ϻã֮ǰңҲл㰢϶ɱġ
Ǿͺá÷Сֲ̧ᣬֵĲˣһΪҺҪˡ
ü˭˵ֻģ
һС˵ɱֻ˭˶־ɡ
ǵĽǡ
÷СС˵Ĳ̫
˵ֹˣһҪСģȻᱻɱˡ
ܾԼĴںȾЩΣգ
Ƕɱ˵ôԨҲˡ
÷ССӣ޹֪ǼٵģЩ˼СĿ֡
ҲСֻֻôأ
ѵкܶô˵һСΪ
Ϊ֮ǰеĽȥ˵õҡ÷СﻹЩ֣ȻˣɱˡҲɱңûɱңһȥ󣬱úۺۡ
˵˵ţ÷Сֿˣ˵ұƭȥκκֹйصĶǲ뱻Ƥӳ༫ǲҲһҺú¡
һ㶡
⡭ȫͷԡ
ֻ֪һ£ǰڶʱκ˶ġΨһһ⣬˾ơ
÷ڵż
ءô𣿡÷СĻУĿ־壬Ҳ÷˵Ľš
Ϊţ÷ôԼִӡ
ᡣ÷Сص˵ͷҰ˵һ˾ƵˣΪֹĶƤӳ༫ġ
˾ơ
ŴȻЩ֪Ĺȥ
ҺܹԵģֹ㲻ɱǵģ𣿡
÷С׷ʡ
ֻع
ᡣ¡
÷С·˿Ų˲᲻˼سЦЦ
ǧ
˵գСŮһƬ÷˳ŷƮߡ
վ÷Сеһжİġ
ֻɫżȻἰ˾Ϊ˴ͷ༫ǲ֪Ҳйء
ǴʲôʱأĴڿʼó༫սս
֪
һ·ϵ澺͵ӣһǹϻ̳Ͽ֡
ʮǰδõĴ
ָ˲ֵֹܾġ
ԭΪڲŷԭη壬¡
˵ı
صСʦֻںͻ졣óϲЩҲϲһ㵱ॵСʦ֣֪ĵûȡ
ȽиӻǵĿе֪˲ٳ༫顣
Сʦûˣδվ
СʦãҸ㡭
Ƚи껰δ䣬Цˣü
˭ˣ
һž֪¡
ɨʣԨ𣿡
㲻ڣȻڡ
Ƚиôһشףͳ༫޹ˡ
˭ʦְȥᡣ
ȴסȽи꣬СʣСʦ֣˶ҵ̬ȣ𣿡
Ƚи֮㣬㣬η㣬¡
ֵĳ˳
ԭǶó˶Ǻ£η塣
ǺʮǰһͬǣǴӱ˹ֵ⣬ͬǣпɲ֡
ֵĳĬȽи꿴ֱӳɤӺʦ֣
ƫڴ˫ԣŽͳˡߵָǰ
֣ٿȽиꡣ
ʲôˣ
ֻ˵޳ƽˡ
ԭȽиԥ£Ҫȥһӹһ½磿
֪СʦóӦˡ
㡣
ǡ
˫ŽֱԼʦʦá
λʦǰС÷԰ʱ֪ǣ˫ȽиѾؽ̸á
֡
˫ǲǲϲ
ԥһһȦ֮Ϥĳ༫ȴѹֵġ
ѾߵС÷԰µ÷ǣ÷Сƺ·˵Щʲô
ԣϲ
˵
Ԩ˺ãȳ༫ɹΣҾͻȥˡ
˫һ
߹ʱ÷˲δǰϥͷ˸
÷˶̬ȵĸı䡣ָı䣬ܱŤ˵ǰûкõȥ
Ƚи걾Ƿޣ󷨣Ľſһ֪ʲô
Ծ͵ѧŽģô޲
Ȼ޲Ƚ֮û»ĺãǳ༫Ľ磬һǾĿڣ˭Ҳеա
ûиõİ취֮ǰֻ޲һˡ
Ƚи޲󷨱ºָѧ˲ãž֪Ҫôʦ
δע⵽÷˲ˡ
*

Ԩڱ֮ϣһϮɣֳŶͷ۶ŵйŵŮӡ
һɫջ㱨غ޵飬÷õǿ졣
һ£ò
֣÷С÷СѾ޵۾ˣ
͵˵ֹ˵ʲô
÷Сô֪Լȥֹ£̾ͱĸ֪ˣǣ
ֻԭⲻȫ˵
ҾɱˣҺ¡
СŮ޵Ԩɫɬѱ档
̵ģĿ÷ϡ
ôң÷ԥ£Цʵȷ˺úöԴֹ˼˴ģ͵˼㣡Իɲٵᡣ
СһӶֻ˵˶ôġ
Ԩﷳ꣬˲١
ô𣿡
ʱ˵ǣǳ༫һλˡ
Щ¶ôµģΪ˵ĹǶη壿
檲ãûн̵Сùˡ
÷ԥ£檱ҵֻǸոֹֿֹһʱǰɫ˲٣ǱСĻӰˡ
ֹ˵˵
Ԩͷһɱ⡣
˵
ֹ˵˺ã༫Σȥͻ뿪ٻ
ԨŴ˵
ɫһľսⶼʲô¡
༫ѵֹ֪Ҫԣѵǹôȫ˸ģ
÷Сֻһӣ˵ģŵġ
÷˺üҽ̡ɫ
֪ˡ÷˰ֱⶼûУͷԸκηʽȡ
ȡ
ԨͷƵۡɫķ˳Ĳա
ϲ༫κβȴʩûá
Ƶģӣ
ɫ
ĿɫϣԸ飬ˣ
ɫһ࣬˹֣ص¡ˡ
ˡǾС
Ԩȥɡ֪
ɫ˺һҪһ𣿡
ϲ˵˺öΡԨЦȻˣʲôˡ
÷ɫĶԻ̧ͷ
֪Ķˣ˵ǸΣյ顣
ģϹưͣҪʱҪ۾͡
ʦ޲һĽ硣
һڣԭΪֻϮߵԵ֮ŷ֣ԭޣвٵֵĺۼ
Ѳߵĵӻ˵𣬲ˣڳǳصĳ༫󣬶˲ٵв
ִæһûмԨǸСʦѧô޲󷨡ϣܳһԡ
ĿһѺ޲õʱȽи겻ϸİơ
СʦãѧĿ졣
ֱһ͸ˣ鲻ˣЦۡ
˫ĿȴԶ
ǳ༫λá
֡
һ
̧ʦ֡
Ǻδ
˳ŶʦֵĿ⿴ȥɫ䡣
ǳ༫Ԩڵĵط
˿ȼһ
漸˲䣬˰Ƭա
ҹɫ泹׵ȼ
л˵
~
Щ٣˼
~


91 
༫Żˡ
ⲻһĻ޷, ֻæתƣȵĶȥ
༫Ļ˳, ܿƬƬȼգȼȾպɫһƬ
һ·ȹͷ, ܻس༫ŷ֡˻ʵĽҲһѿۼ
ϲеطѿ
Χȫǳ༫ĵӺ澣ɫţתȳı, ͬʱָΪƫ͵ĵ뿪
ܵ, ѾһƬ𺣡վڰ̨ǰɫް
Ԩأ
ʡ
, , ڶ
ҧ, Ԩ̸ˮ
˴ˮԴҲǺ˺һҲǿһЩˮ, ˮн, С
˴ЩʿѾڶøַӶԸⳡ, κˮ, ޷赲һ
ģҪ༫û
ֲٵת, ̧̫ţ, ̻ͷԼʦ֡
ʦ, ߡ
, ޷ѹƵģǲߣָᱻⳡû
˫ɫڻкĬ˺һζؿ֡
֣༫ˣ˽𣿡
һ㶣ʦ֮⣬µݲ롣
˽ֻһֵ룬˵ʦ֪ʲôĻ뿪ҡȥ
˫û
ãҵ㡣
ּҴȺǰ
༫Ĵյңһ·ŶܸоƿҪȹڡ
Ҫִﶫʱͷһ
ǡ
Ȼһ̣ͿڶϿգſһ硣
ڳ༫Ļ硣
һǿĽ磬С
еĻȫֵ⣬ûаֻܴս
ſ˫ۣԼŽ硣
ͷ͵һ
Ԩ
˽ȥ
֮ŷ֣ԨվĺȣʵɫѾ԰ףѪɫ
ˣʱԼȥ֧һӴĽ磬˵һġ
ˣ
Ԩʱ΢΢
ģĻ¡
˵ʲôȴȻʲô˵߬ȹڣԨ
֧ſôһĽѾ֧ţЦⶼЩǿ
֣ҡ
ֽһ֧ţɿ֣ļǿվȡ
ֻ˶Ľ磬ǵһ޷ͻƣֻڶƿȥ
ľյҲ˻ǽŵһֱҡε
ԨҪô
ˮв𲻵
𲻵˵𣬼ʹˮҲ޷𡣡
ȻǷ𡭡ĳ˳
ǸΣ
ΡԨ濴֣ǵʱ
£ȫĽ磬֤Ļ¡
֪Ԩ˵Ĳ١
磬༫Ľ绹Ҫι̣ȳ翴Ҫ̡
Ԩ˵ֻǾʹŶԻⳡƽ
ǡ
˵գԨӳһˮ飬ڻԵİС
֤ڻǲˮ֣뼸µʱ䣬Щǿš
˸ͷҪҪûǶߡ
ԨôѾǹ滮ˡ
꣬Ļɳ˸ͷγıֵϣԼңꡣ
̫ȿֱֺֽ꣬˽ң˳Ѻβ㶼ˡ
룬ĻҪҪӰҲߣ
պûԶˡ
ַԨʯȻȹڻȥ
ԨƤһ
ڻ﷭˺һʲôûз

˳˵
һ㶣ӦԨ˵˼վ˲ϵ
Ŷ
ԭӰ
ô֪ģ

ЩΡ
ΪôС£ϲһӰ飬䱦
Ԩ֪ˡ
ҲӰ飬ֻǷԨ뿪
Ĵ𼸺Ѿһɡ
Щ߲ȥ
÷ɳȥ
Ԩָ£һŷԨ
һȣ̵ġ
ַԨоʼԼн
ڳϿʦ
ǰ༫ľʯдӳ༫ˣо˫Ƚиꡣ
ҹĻУ༫Ļ޷õƣ༫һڲò˴ѡ뿪
ⳡյö󣿡
÷Сƺŵˣʡ
С£нڣⳡڽգˣ޴գȻϨˡ
÷ɵɨҪ֣ԼŮʮ¡
ʮ¡
˿Ԩء
༫һ
ֹ
Ԩ¶ƣ
ˣְǡ
ֵɴۡŵòԼң

û뵽˽ܶȾȻܸߣûκ˹֣ȻˣֹʽǸðŴǰδţҪȥĳľ󣬻ȥɫ˵ǧɫֻͨ󣿡
˼ȥԨ뿪༫ߵҲɫǰȥҲɫȽ֮£ԨҲɫ
ҺϤҲɫˡɫڣܻ΢Щ
ţԥ£ȥԨ
Ԩ˿ǻֵϣ㰲š
ҲͲԥˣȥɫ
ɫڴ˴Թ֣ǣͰš
༫뿪ķɴ׼
еͽ׵Ӿ뿪Ԩ͸һˡ
ɴвշַԨȥ£Ԩµ˲䣬ǾѪ
ɰһϽԨˣּҴȥɫҪ
溲ڳ༫ͬҲڷɴϡ˵ǰͱȥæˡ
ô졣
ֲ֪Ԩ˵Σֻ֪ڱ˵£ôֻһƬ硣
Ԩ
С¡
ƺ˻ԣһ޸С
һֱƷԨҲƷ޷˵ꡣ
ֻ˵ʤޡ
ɴִǧɫʱǧɫ׼׵
˴㲻УǧǵĶг֮УԺƽǧӣӳ༫ȫǨĵӼǧˣȫ£ǧɫԱߵլԺͽ׵˽ȥ
Ԩʼڻ˯У˸ǰշԨ
ԥ˺þãԼҲ᲻Ԩ˼ȥͼԨװС
û뵽ˡ
ԨװУתƵǧɫԤ֮С
ȫ̶ڻ˯֪޾
ֽڴϰúãɫȥҽõ
ֹ²ǲȥ룬ûáɫֵİţι֣˲ֹ֪ģ֮ǰôͽ׶ɾʱ꣬ǡ£Ͳҽġ
ҧ
ǡҪôܿ
ɫ֪һӡ
֪ķӲֹ֪֪ܲ
ɫԥԥأֹ֪Ϲ𣿡
Ϲ
Ϥ
ϸ˺ܾãˡɽһӼǣϹġ
֪
ɫ˿
ǾͺãӾޡԪԪ
ɫδ䣬ڴڻ˯еˣָ΢΢̧𣬵˵ɫɫֱʹסӡ
˺ɫףۣȴǷ
ٸ֡˵Щġ
ԨԻƣ֮У˵ûж٣ǿŸɫ
ɫȻʹصͷ˻ƣ£֪
ּˣⲻзܰô˵ˣ
ûá
Ԩ
ǸӵС꣬Ķ˵ʡ
һ㶡ôǣˣ
ʣҪôܿ㳤󣬲ܰ㣿룬ֻӵĻǻûгǵҪôǱӵࣿôܳ
Ԩ΢΢ҪżֻҪظԼĽȥͺˡ
̧֣һɫͬƣֵС
ɫŤˣٿʱѾײζˡ
ڵ㲻ųѾܰҡ˵
ּƣֻһʼԨСʲô˼
˵ʲôҶ㣡˵
Цܼ򵥵ģܵõ˵úأ͸ࡣܻҪչ
ҽ༫ȫи㣬ڼ䣬ǳ༫ĵ
һǧڵӣʮͳͳ
֣ңʱ䣬𣿡
л˵
~
~


92 
༫ĵ
ֻǴԨʱƹܳ༫, ˵һ԰쵽顣
һʱҡͷܾеģԨ
Ԩûǿ, ֻǽǳֵУĹ࣬ƣر, õࡣǲԸҲ޷
ȴҲ֡
ַģŵؿɫ
ɫͷֹ, ༫񲻿ȱ֮ˡ
֪ڳ༫, ԨôϲС¶, Сͳͳָµĸ, ֻ޷ߵĴ, Żȥϡ
ľϲ༫ĸڡ
ִϵԨ
˵䣬ţŻƽ, ɵ͸¶
¡Ҳа, ɫ, 衭̴ݡ
Ԩƺ̾˿, ȴδ˵ʲô
ֹ¶졣ɫɫλнȻͬ˵Ⱦ֮, ¸Ҳ๵ģҲ˵ûо֮, Ϊб, ޷ڡǿӹ, Ҳֻĸ޷ӡ
һ㶣ҡ뿪༫ʮˡ
ڳ༫ʱҲһû˴ĺꡣ
ôأ
ɫСĿڴϵĵջϣȻܣһ²ò߹ˡ
Ը༫ֻһλǵһλֹ
ʱסֹݣҵʵԸ˾ˣ˸ҿֻҪֹԸһ˲ӡһ룬Ҳǣ
ϸ䡣Щ˶̬ȣȷǴӲֻҪ˿ڣ澵հ졣
ҪҲˣڵĻ٣¸ӡǺͳ༫衣
Գ༫£һֱֹķԸֹκξߣһڽԻӡ
˵ľͳΨһһԨƹܳ༫ˣ
ԥ˺һʼ޷ϡ
Ľֳ༫ʲôȥδ༫κˣ֪ô
ǡ
ִԨ
ûɫĶԻôƬ̵Ĺ򣬾Ѿ˯˹ȥ
ֲٽŵغɫ뿪
˴ĵӶѾ׵ѶĸݽصȺ
ֹ
ɫһԣֹԼ޷ƿأҲ١
ҧŴԥ˵ֻһԡ
ɫһɫˡ
ֹģһӲЭùΪ֮
˵ˣҲȷˡ
༫Ȼ𣬵༫ûڻСӵӲòֻ뿪Գ༫˵ѾǰˡнѰ߶Ҳס֪񵽵ǸʲôΡ
ִֵʱЩ֣վأΣ˹֡
ֹ
п˲ġ
ȹŮӣи׳Щĺӣ裬ҲС̴ݡ
˵ĿЩţ߬ȹӣɫľ£̧˽ȥ
˶վţ˵Ŀ֣˵Ŀֵķ䶯ȴûֱֵ
У̴ŤҲûκο֮ġ
˵ʾ£λ
Щſʼ
˼ۼֻ߸
ɫ̴裬ռͯ⣬мֺġ
ֹ
ɫһվ
༫ȻнסӣлвתߵķԼ˲Ϊҵ뿪˳༫ͷ£Ǹ𡣡
ţ˵ʲôȥ𣿡
뷲ͬˮ޷ҲˡȻҲ䵽ֵز
ֹ¶ҡ֪ģ׳Ŀ຺ֵҪˮ𡣡
ֿ˹ȥ۷Զ˵Ҫ˵ˮĵطֻ֪Ϲġӡ
ȥӽһ°ɡ˵
ֻϹϤû뵽̶ʱڶˡϹзܾԨǻˮֲɵöϹڴ
ǣȥš֣Ҫ꣬ǡ
һ㶣һ
꣬
ɫ²˼һŴסĻʲôģҲҪڲСⲻġ
ܿȻлһ˿Ц⣬ȴ˵ֹھȥѰӣ
ףá
¾ˡ
žɫڶ㣬ڳ༫Ľ˶˾޴Ѻۣⳡƣ
ֹҪ֧ų༫һĽ磬ҪԼʮޡɫ˵ĻÿжУʱŲȴ༫ĸֻ߽жʮˣʮˡ
СʣҪң
عĻġ޻ܺǣϾǳ༫Ľ硣ɫ˾䣬ɫǸѽ⡣
ԵȡִӽСʦ֣༫ĽҪȱʮޣзӣ
̴ۿɳɫáȴʲôû˵
ͯЦǺ˵ֹСʦ֣¼һΣǿǺպȻˣһܼ
ȻԵĸǸֻҪǮĶ࣬ʲô󷨶ܰڣʲô˶ɱȻ
Ҳ֪˵Ȼ룬Ǯͬʱ顭
ֻǰ䡣ֻҪǮĶࡣ
öСʦǮ
ʲôǿֹʦ֣ȻܰæġͯЦǺǶֹ֣ЦģҿֹȻ˲Żˡ
Ȼܿ˻
ִСʦȽиȱʮʲôʦһʮˣ
ɫ˿ҺֹǴҲ䡣
ţǵ£ڳ༫ĵǾҪôֲǶǧɫԴ˵ΪģΣ
ЩǸۣвǧɫĵλãеǵۺۣԼһյĹ򣬼ó⡣
ọ̈̄˵ĺϸ£ǧɫһĿȻ֮£ǧɫĿǰõѡˡ
ѡǧɫ󣬶ûκ飬ľߣܿеһ
˼죬ǶϰǰķʽСԼЩǣǻó֡
ֻǴԴͷرӸ˵Ŀ
ọ̈̄ûһ˶ֳ༫Сκ
ǻϣһִǵһβֳ༫һ
ƻ֮ʣյĴС˲˽⡣ɫΪǧɫĸҪڴ˴̴£׷뿪ȥԵĲ¡
ԭû
ɫʱЦֹ֣ǲǲѣ
죬ȷȴԨʱῴһ̡
þǻЩ֮⣬ȷ̫ѡ
áǶ̫ˣֻҪûκ飬ȫ̶Ҳ˿
ûôѡ
ǾͺãֹҪȥ𣿻˵Ҫȥһλˣ
뵽СʦִӦæȥСʦֺһöǮ
ȥʦǡ
ɫк˵ͷϢҲ˲١
λ԰´ȥ
ĴԺӣֱȷլԺö࣬ǵķֲϸλã˫ȽиΪֵʦֱ֣ӰԺһӵͥԺ
˴᷿ԺֻǶˣ׼˼̷
ʱǸùţȽиͥ˲ٵĶһأ˫ΧԲŽ
ɫʶȤ֪ʦ˵¶˸Ц뿪ˡ
ʦ֡
ܹȥȶڵϿСʦֵİڼ
һصĶЩֵֽţ
Ƚи꽫Щֽۣ۳˲ٵĺСģ̧УǻΪĺȸȥ
֡
ΧܾŲ̫ģʲôΣգСֽȥ
֣һû㣬λĸεĵˣ
ĸ֣̾˿
ءڰһЩ顣
ŶȽи۾һǲ˵༫ˣ
ֲ˵ǣҲ˵ǡֻ˵ʱæЩ¡
Ұæ磬ҵģǳ༫ҵģ
Ƚи걧ֱЦҲǮģ༫ҵĻҿҪüǮ
СʦҪǮʵʵ˵ǳ༫ġ
һ༫Ļ硭Ҫһ˵ʮáȽи°ͣԶ˫ʦ֣թ༫ʮƷʯΣ
Сʦ֣Ŷֺѣ˵˸թ֡
ԼˣҪȽиЦеҶǮǮ𣿡
᲻ó༫Ǯ
ֻǺǵģʮƷʯһҪʮãҲܶࣿ
ϾǰҪһƷʯġ
ûСʦö˵ˣǾټӵ㡣Ƚиֱӷ˸ǾͶʮƷʯɣ
ڹƳ༫ĽܶȡҪǲ֪޹һҪķѶѪ
һ˹һͱ˴ֱȻһǧɫ󣬡˴еĽ磬ҪķѶ
ֻͨ磬ҪʿķѲ˶١
Ƚи˵ôˣ
Ҫֵܵأʡ
ȽиһֵĽ磿һ˹ܣҪڻڡҲҪķһѪ
ԥ£׷ʣ˱أ
༫ȽиʣҪ˵ôܻѪȥһ硣ᵼºصɡ
ӦðλȨ֮ˣô֪ܲΣա
ȽиСòģʲôɣ
Ҫ˵ʱ򣬾סˡ
֪Լˣôڶſ磿
ôˣ˫˹һ۾ͿֵĽš
ʦ̧֡ͷЩãȻ֮ˣôָܰ
˫񵭵أȻ֪˵˭
Ҫָֻһ취
˫˵ϹȥϹܾȵ
Ϲ
̶ֶһʱ䣬Ϲ
ɫ˵Ϲи޷ܾԨԨʱ˵ûá
ҪˮȥϹӡ
ھʦҲ˵˵ʽҪϹ
˵˵ȥƲϹ
Ϲܾ𣿡Сʡ
ܡ
شֵȽи꣬˲ϵĵϹķʿͬǵķԲ˵Ԫ֣ºĵĵԪ˺鵽ֻһƣֻҪţϹ֣ܾ
ҧˡΨһķӾҪȥϹ
˵ϹĵһιҲǸ塣
Ƚи°ͻ˺һͿɽϻţ
˫Ȼ˵oϵĵӣЦǰأΪoѳᡣ
л˵
~
~
ϼ~


93 
ʦ˵, ЦoϵĵӣԼϹ, ǰϻʱһ
ڶιǧ
Ϲ, һǰĵιꡣ
ϵķǴЦѧãӶΪϹĸЦʦoϣķҲǺġ
˫Լ֪߸֡
˼
ʶĺ, ͳҲֻ֮ǰԨƤͿɽΪ, ȫ֪ķʲô
һĿǰ, ΨһķӾҪȥϹˡ
ǲǵȥһϹ
˫΢΢ü
˽ȥǡ㲻Ҫȥ
ŶŶ, ҶʦҲҪȥȽиֹЦ, һǵλϹӣһ˼öʦ֡
δ䣬ֱӱ˫ץһҶ
Ƚи˰, ȴǲҼ˵ˡ
˫Ƚиֲֻ, ϾǲϹġ
ƫɽǶ, ĶϹĴ, ǵǸֵֹĹء
ÿһϹĵӣҪɰˡ
öʦ֣𣿡
ֺʡ
˫Щʻֱ, ô֪¡
ڶֻк峺ʱȴĳ˳
Ц
˫˵˾, ˵, һ뿪ȥ
԰һƬʺĿյ, ˫轣Ʒ¼š
ֿ˺һܴӽϿʦֵ顣
Щˣ
ֲ²ʵⲻԡʦָǲ뵱˵ɡ
ŴԼøʦֵǸ
ͱȽиסˡ
СʦáȽиضʣ֪ʲô˼𣿡
֪ġΪСʦֲרŸСʦֽһɾǻһֱߵˡ
ȽиЦ۾гһߣͳܿȫݡ
ԶԶԣɾ֡
ȽиЦòԼָָ˫
£ʦֻһֱ˭
ֻû˼˺ܾã̫ȷҾŶʦֺϲʦŵĴҡڻǱ˵ɡ
ʦ˱˵ɣҪһֱűأ
Ƚи˼衣
룬ʣǶʦֻűߣԺǵĶʦ𣿡
⵹ᡣȽиʵ˵ǲ˭˻ҪʦŶϾϵġ
˿Ц˵Ǿ޷ֻҪʦֻǶʦ־С
ȽиȻˣ˸
һζ㵱ॵ졣
У֪ˡ
ȥ濴һȦʲôջ񡣡
ֱСʦֵһȥ·ӣǽţ֪Ҫȥʹ㶼
ֲźȻӦˣǳ༫ߵˣһôܣǲ̫á
ֻĿСʦԼ򷵻
֮Уɫʮҽ޸ڵʱ֮гŶǰ֮
Ԩڴϻڻ֮С
ֵĵЩҽҲ£֮УֺֻԨˡ
Ԩ
Сһ
Ԩƺڻ֮Уδ
ٴԼȥ̽Ԩ֮ڷɴϣҪ
ִӽ֮ͳС롣
СѾ͹ĹһС裬ȫ
ֽЩԨΧ֮ԣԻٶȱԨȡ
˸ڴ齱ߣԨ
ǰ䣬һοôԨЩӦ
ѽ
С˵˾䡣
룬ڸԨ˵ʹˣڶõİ취ϹϹĹꡣҪҪȥϹ
ûеȵԨĻش
̾˿Ԩɹһҹ
δǧɫⳳϡ
ţڼбѣ̾һ󣬽Ԩ֮ذȫȫ
ڸ¥ϵĴ
ǧɫԺ֮أʲô֮
ԥ£δ뿪
ԨҪġ
ʱǳͣЪҲȻ΢΢ɫ
£ɫǰ㱨˵ǵڴ˵ϢѾйҹѾ͵ɱ
塭ֹǧⶼѾˣ
˴ûн𣿡ʡ
ɫֵֹƽֻһ򵥵Ľ磬ԵֵЩֹֻСʦ֣ոպƷʯܰǧɫ硣
Ʒʯ
һ㶣Ӧ𣿡
Ҫʹ˼ɫ˵ֿ֧ܵõ߹ͬ˲С
ǧɫ˶ԨػԣһѵĽҪ
ͬģ˵Ԩͬ⣬֮ҰǮ
ûƷʯֻ
ʣĻҪ취Ƿһʱ䣬ٸϽȥ׬ǮС
ˣȥȻ塣
ɫǸģֺ̹뿪
ſڴߣĶԽԽСʼվġ
ΪԨˣԽ֮ɡ
ȻҪС
Ϲ
ֹ˳ʱ
ԺȺģȴȹ÷ˡ
ֹ÷ϥ񣬡һ
ɨһۡ
˵
÷ɽһҲǳ༫ӣֹ֪÷ɽڻӰ÷˽͵Ըǲһ÷ɽ̽Ϣ֪ɷ׼
÷ɽһ塭
ָͷȻһ
÷ˣ÷ѩǰģ
뿪༫֮ǰǼ÷һεġʱ÷˵Щ÷ѩꡣ
뵽÷ѩΪ÷ɽϵķ꣬ЩƷҪõöɡ
÷˵ɫ΢΢˱䣬ȴܿ𡣵ͷ˵عĻ÷ѩȷǰġ
ҿɽһã
ʵøԨȥҲЩʲôЧأ
عĻ÷ȴǿЦţ÷ѩ䣬ʮǰͽ˵
Ԩ
̵ͷܻ
ǿȰ÷ѩ䷭á
ֻص¥ϣԨƺ˯
˲ƿԨıӡ
룬ϵ˿УŽֵһǲͬɫͬ塣
ִԨĽҡ
÷ѩ÷ѩ䡭
ڽҪ÷ѩ䣬ֿɼģȴһӰ顣
ּһ۾ϳһٲùӰ顣
Ԩ˵ǴӻˣԼߡ
Ӱȥ⻬ɼ·ձİŪġ
򴽣ҡ
ԨĽж㲻öࡣ
ֵڶľһƬߵƬ
ǡʦġ
ֵʱġ
ַ˰ɫ͸СǣǳɫòʵıƬ
ĲƤѣ
ַҵֶסˡ
ԨĽǴֿɼĵطŵĶйصһС
ҪʲôԨƺ϶Ūˣֵۣɳʣҡ
һŴŻ˵÷ѩ䡣÷˵÷ѩ԰ꡣ
Ԩԣͼ
æȥҲֵϣǿ
ԨϣĿɨ֣֪ᵽ÷ѩ䣬ȴǴ˵Сˡ
ֳȥһ֪꣬Ϊ޷ٻأԾһСɾҲ÷ѩ䶪˽ȥ
СǺЩûôûмԨĿζƽСǻڻ˯֮С
Ԩԥ£˵ȥϹΨһķˡ
Ϲ
Ԩۣϸֵı顣
ЩǶĵǡ
ȥԨһڻؾ֪ϹֶΣΨһķӣҲܡ
ΪʲôּˣϹΨһİ취ܵһ԰ɣ
Ԩ֣̾˿
ϹޣҸ߹㣬㲻֪ʲôҾͽһ㡣
˵ǡԽΪһͱŮ˳ɻ顣
Ԩ˵գ۾һգգ֡
ˣҲ𣿡
һ㶡
˵Ҫ޸ˣԨҪԵŮӳɻɡ
ϸ룬Щѹģѹࡣ
ǳǳģֻͷһ㡣
ϾѾҪԨɻˡҲںԨǷˡ
Եġ
˵
ֵĻأ˵ɫ԰Щ
Ѫɫȴʶҧ´ʱѪ˿
һ˫ף֡
ϣɫѾ޷ƵȫӲ۵򢣬գȫ
ɺһƬ
Ԩ
ֻһۣͷǰԨϢȣΧϢΣա
Ϥģ˷ʱģ
Щµˡ
һˣԨҲ޷ֵֿͣקԼС
һѹڴϡ
Ԩ
ֽŵ٣ڴϣ˴˿̼ΣգϢ֮е𽥲ĳ
֡
ǿĶȣԵøᡣ
Ҳ֪ԭ˵еʱ򣬱ĽлҪۡ
ʲôһ仰ʹ
ס֫˸|
ſһѶУΣա
ȴȫǰѶУŵضԨԨ˿̵״̬ǳԣѾһ֣ڻԵҡ
еֱݵֵС
֣Ŀڡ
һ˫Ѫ죬ϺɫķǳԵޱаǵصͷֶͷ֣ૡ
ҽһӽҵʹɱң֡
л˵
~
~
~


94 
Ԩ
ڴ, ѹԨȴ, Ҳ·۵ȾϷȴ
ֶбĵ
ص
˵ʲô𣿡ȥ۾
˵۵ɺ, Ѫ˿ӵλã·ܿƤѪŤ
˵ֻһ˫Ԩ, Żܡ
ֻ֪ϹΨһĻ, ֪ԨΪʲôô, Ҳ֪Ϊʲô, ˵ɱֻ, ҲϽܡ
ֻʱͷǱʲôһ£ʹӡ
Ŀ, ڱ˴˾״̬, һۡ
Ԩ۵׵, Ƿľ·˽ơƬ̺, жſֵϣƣرۡ
ֲ, Ԩ
ùָоԨתӿ
ϵĺɫ, ·˹һ, ϲϵ, ڱ任ʴȡ
һŬԨ˸ˣЩĵȷʶһ֡
͹ȥʱѾ˼Ĳͬ
ŷĵӣĵı任ԨСȳ|𣬼޷͵ĵز
Ԩ
ֲ֪ô죬̧ͼ滺ĲʡԨȴ̧߬ס󣬰סˡ
𿿽ҡ
ۣ۵ײɺ죬ȴĺڵ޹ĵزֵַֻܿ֡
ԨŴ齵ֶ΢ģֱ𣬺أãȴнӡ
Χ𽥿ʼȾϰɫ
ֺЩ˳˸¡
еɢȾÿһӴ̬ϵĲʡ
ԥ£Сһԡ
СȴܿԨ·ţԥԥ˺ܾòſʼɡ
ЩС˽ȥС뽫ԭ̲صĸɾ³
һһسһʱ
֮е͸
Ԩ붨ˡ
ķĲδɢֱ˿̻ȫ֡
ǰδġ
ԨϵķģֻżЩʧءȴδйǿƵҪԨɵĿҡ
һʱ䣬ֶû뿪Ԩ벽
ʼ붨С
ֱҹ
Сϣĺٵգʼ˼һ¡
Ԩ˵Ͻܵķǲֻܷ
ǳ֮⣬취
峿ɫǰҲҿֻԶԶ˸
ģ£ȥ
ɫСֹˡ
ȥӵġˣһ
ָɫǰãУдһλòŮӡ
Ůˮɫͷ廨ϸüЦԴһζ
񣬿ڳƹŮҲЦ֡
һͲʮŮģȴǸ޶飬ֻüϡƣ͹¼š
ϥֹ
λӰɣͷˡ
λǵһЩأͿӺ˼䡣
ܴӦˮѾȴ༫һ׮ˡ
ң༫õģϲˡ
Ӿǲ֪Ĵԣ༫ˣĳ༫Ѿǿ֮ĩһЦøǡ
Ϲһֱ׽׽༫κεƺôϲǣû뵽ڴӦˡûᣬôҲҪȥһõϲǹһЩء
ôñȥԨԨ˵ģƾǰλΪ׵ӣҲܼӺ
ЩᣬһЦ˵ģֹ
ĿϣŴЦԭˣǿǶеĪ֣ʵǡҹŮޣԵЩ뷨
༫ҪɲҲš
ЦúÿЩŬȥӵĻ
ӵˮҳ༫𡣡ּ˵һ£ӼȻˣƲ
衣
ӣǰ༫ˮȻ𡣡
蹰Ц
ڵ֪ǳ༫ģȻ伸֣ǿЦŴӦˡ
ȥֻԭλ
һ¡
ϹˣܲһϹķʲô

ֹ
ɫ˺üҲзӦòŴ
ŷԭԼ
ţ
ɫ̾˿ֵշһЩ飬Ҫ
ͬԨʱڣǧɫϮǧɫ󣬻ԶҡǵļҲ⣬⵽ʿ͵Ϯ˲ء
⵽شµڻǧɫ
üͷ
ҽޣƫսƽҲͻµϰҽЩƫƫ˼ƣһ˻ˡ
ɫɫܲãһҽ޸ܴشǶԽͽҲһ
ҽ޸ĵԼˣнϮͽ׵ӵİΣǸ⡣
Ҳɫá
Щ
ɫҸôײӴ̫࣬·飬ЩţҲЩ޴롣
ֹɫɫЩ£ĵһӦʲô
룬ʵʵ˵ȾˣٰЩ͵ϮĻ˴ȥ
ǹô
ɫһƱҽޣ̫ģµӻԵҽޣ溺ĵӣֻҪչ˼ĵӣҲܹ˵ù
溻ˣʡ
ǰջģֻǹæţû
ֶˣǾ溴չ˼󡣡
ǣͷԸȥɫʵҪЩ˴ȥ֪Ժźɡ
˼Ƭ̡
ǲǾ÷˵ģ÷ɽȥ̽ȷ棿
ɫüȴûз˾ٵȷ÷ɽ˺ܺá
ɫָ֣ҪôȥĻѶӶĴһȥ̽Ϣ
һʱ󲿷ֶѧϰôȥһ¡
ҲгЧ
Ѿܽһµһһȥô
ӵģֻҪ򵥲ֹ󣬾ܶȥ֡
ǧɫѲ߻Ҳøӽܡ
ͬʱǧɫĽȽи꼸һ֮£չˡ
˴˴磬΢һ
ȥƷʯװһĽȥ԰Сʦ֡
ȥĸպã˫յԴʦĴ
ʦһ𣬶ССĴ
Сӣƭˣ༫ϢԽԽ࣬ҵϣҰæɱ༫ĸʲôݵġСʦõȵǸĵȫЩϽ
գۡϤĴʡĵ
ʦҲôԨġ
ҲԨڱǸĵģ
ֲ֪ô뵽ϵĺɫģҲϣĸīȾɫ˰ɡ
ûϽȥƭˡȽиЦ˵ʦ浣㣬ûôĹء̴ɣ
˵ֵš
ô죬ֻɵСʦá
֪ˡС˾䡣
˫ȴתַһ֡
ʦ˵δġ
ֽӹ룬
ʦ㣬ڻڳ༫ҴЩ˾ͻڴ֮ǰҪȥҸꡣҡԥ£С˵ˣҵ˵ˣϹԸʦ㣬㻹֪ʲô𣿡
˵ֽ꣬ݸ˫
Ը˫üɫЩ
Ƶصͷţ˵ΨһĻҲҪϹ
˭֪˵꣬ȽиȻЦôЦʱֿʱѼУ
˶ɵˣȽи꣺Сʦû°ɣ
ɲɲɹ
ȽиЦᶼˣȡ
֣˫·ʲôȻ˵ҲЩ⣬ûȽиôԡ
Сʦ˵ʲô
ֲ⡣
ȽиЦˣſư˰֡
ֻǲŷһҲȫ¼䶼֪ܡ
༫Ȼ
û˵꣬ЦòԼ
ֿʼЩģǼЦԽҲˡ
˳ָСʦֵһˮЦòȥ
Ƚиֹ˺һͣ£ǽӹˮʱ֣ûסһˮЩǺţЦǰ󷭡
ָŪˡ
Цʲô
˫˹ȥЦĻҰ㣿
ȽиһϽס졣
ЦЦˣ͡
Цﵽ˲
ֻҼСʦָո˵Ļ
˵ԨȻôˣ
˵һ룬һֱЦûʲôСʦЦЩġ
ȽиŬסЦǿ
ԭвȻ١
䣬ֱӱ˫һںס
ʲô˵
ƴ̫ʵˣֶСʦԴžһ졣
Ƚи걻ŽһԴϲŷӦԼ˵ʲôЩɨ֡
ʲô
ֹȻ̣Щǣ𣿡
˫ùǺվֱסȽиĺӡ
Ƚи֪ӲһٽˣȡʲôСʦöһ㡣
ǲ޷ϹķҽΣҪ꣬ҪȰκʦֱᣡ
˫ֻ˵ֱȥᡣ
һ࿴Ƭֶ̣ʦصģȽи˵ҲܣûʵʵšͲҪ˰ɡ
ĵСʦøλʦ׼˲ˮģ˼⸬
Ƚиһ߰һץһ⸬ʣĶģóԣ
Ц˵Ԩġ
׷Ƚи˫Ųһ٣
⸬ģ
šֵͷԼһ⸬Լģˡȥָ
ԣӦ˵֪˵ԣҲԨ
ҧ̣ȻԨҪһˡ
ʼģһֱԨ
˫һֱǵãյʦŵСʦãնǳ⸬ġ
˫Ҳһ⸬׽š
û뵽༫Ȼ⸬¡
ֽװƷʯĽСʦ֣ıꡣ
Ƚи⸬Ľӹҡҡ
Ȼصʦٷ֡
Цˡ
ãصʦţʯҲҪ֡
ر𽾰ԼһƷʯڿԼʦֻһ׵ġ
׵Ҳ޷ܹҲá
뿪԰ȥ溡
СʦֵĿе֪ԨϽϹķӿΪ٣ȰκòС
溵ҽ޶ȥϼˣûԵҽޡ
޷ֻŬԼڲУûгҽ顣
һ·ص¥ݣص¥ֶ֮û
˿ԨѾվڴһ£ŷ硣
ʱ۵ѾָӵĺɫҲɢֻʼɫ԰ס
ˣ
ֻûע⵽Ԩͷߵ齱ߵ£˼ѧҽü
ֻҪѧûʲôģǾ͵æˣȥѧҽɡ
ʲô
ԨδӦʵʵ˵벻١
˽ǶҪֵĶ˺һԨһ°ڰֵǰ
һƽ֡
˭˵ʣ
ֲ֪ΪΣԨƽĿȴһ㲻
ʶԼСʦָˡ
͡ˡ
ʲô
ԨѪ˳Ѫɫˡ
ʵʵ˵㲻٣ǲΪⲡŲȥϹꡣ
ֻرǵؿԨԨصβãԲŲȥϹ𣿡
ԨδԼһֵĿֻ
ԽԽģΪβãνΨһᣬԨûá˵ΨһķӾɱ
Ԩ˲ܲ²˭˵ֻ༫˸˵ֻʦ֣˫ǸģֻȻ
ԨһоԼЩͷۡ
ûС
ԨޱûС
ôȥϹʼվ⣬ûвĻҪ갡
ԨĬãȷһ¡ȥϹֻΪġ١
֪ʲô˼Ҳǰ
ȥҧۣȥ
ȥϹۼһϹֶΣʱͬ⡭
ǿܵȷҪˡ
ָոһԨͬˣ¾׵ķӣȴֽŷӦ
֮ǰɱ㶼ȥϹ
ֻ㡣Ԩֵ̧ӣҲȥϹԭ򡣵˵ȥϹҲ
һѡӱţ˵ţҪ⡣
Ԩޱ⣬û
л˵
~
ԪЩɿ飬˺ܾãǸŶǲ~
ϻǻµģҾ~


95 
Ȼֲ֪Ԩִʲô, ԸɿȥϹѾܺˡǰꡣܡ
ԨӦǽžҪȥЭ˼顣
Ӹǰ༫, ʱŽʹˮҪӵֻŪ, ƣ벻һصǧɫ󣬼ֵĵһ仰ǡ
ˡ
طŶͷȻģʹƣ, ֹ, Ҳʲô, ҸҼõ, ɿɿǡ
λ, Ĵ岻ʣûҪ
Ҫˣ
ʲôɿɿġ
ֲɵýĿϡ
ЦŹ˹֣ӣȥɿɿ죿
̧ɨ, Щ治ϲ, ֻǴ̫, ֻµû, Ӳء

ʶ֣Ĵʣƫһ, ôҲ˵ʲô
˸
Щ⣬Ҫ
ģ, ܾŲҪץ˰
Ȼӿ, °żá˵, תֹ˹ֹ֣¿ɷˣӲһ
ص˵ͷ㰲žͺá
ǾͶлֹлˡ
Цü۴ɫ
ӡҪȥǰ˵ϢˣһЩӡ
ȻֹԸˣʱʱԺ˹ֹ
Ӹһʱ䡣
㣬ʱԺ󣬸պҹ
ʱҲװڴģǻȥԨ
Ԩ󲿷ֶϢ˯֮ξڴڼ󲿷ʱ仹ʶżζ֮У֪޾ġ
־󲿷ʱ䶼࣬ͬʱһԼͣһѵķ
ûУǲڰС£Ԩȫʵ֮ȫȥ
ʱڵһյƣȹ
֮УӻһѣǸոԡͷЩʪΣˮղֻһľҲ˯һ
ֹ
ЩƣЦ
лֹﰲŵˣáǳ༫ˣȻϵġ
ֻΪȥ̫⣬ء
ͺá
Բ˿̵ʱǰȣŽȻͬϢ
ϢΪ·ʱ֮ڣһػ
ֶܿġ
ʮֺôġʲôֵзʽ
ֹ֪﻽ǰкҪ£
ʵ
ҲֱԲ䣺ȥϹһˣҪ¡
Ŵ´֣Цζֹȥˣֻ²˶ҪŸͻء
ͻʲôϹʲô
ֲҲûʣֱʵϹķ˵꣬𣿡
ꣿɫһ˼֣Ҳֹȷˡǲ˵ҹκ˵ķ꣬ҪﵽΪҹҲֻ
꣬ʦ彪ʦϸǹͽ
ȥôˣ˶֡
Ҫ꣬Ҫ޵ģ֪ҪΪ𣿡
ԥ£֮¶֪ԨˣҲû͵˵ͷ
ֻˣ˵ʦϣֻλŮӡ
ֲ⣺ҪŮӣ
˵ԨҲ˵ޡǵȷŮӡ
˵ŷӦɫ䣬ʧɫ
֪뵽ʲôŴ󽫼˻ȥŬЦ
ǵ˵ĻҲҲŮҲء
ֻǺܸ𰸣һѡʹ˱ˣɹĿԻɡ
ǲ֪ϹɷӴأ
۾գһ¡
ӴӴ
ʵֹҡͷԵҹ꣬ͻ綼༫ͻ㣬༫δӦ¡׽༫Ļᣬ˵ֻ꣬뽫ȫһа
ֻϹԳ༫ȳһǻá˾䡣
ڵĳ༫ЩΣա
޷ЦòãϹɲմȾκţҲϹ
˭ǵһιλ˵ͽء
֮£˭Ϲͷء
ԣϹӲǷǡ
˾̫ˡõ׼ȷĻش־Ϳ׼ˡ
ҪԨǰϹǧɫҪɫٳ֡
ɫһˣɥͲֵȿޡ
ֹаĲ֣ʮƽƽ˭ָӲ˭ҪǲڣǸ޷Ѻýȥ
ⲻ˵ѡ༫ԵΪûĶС£ľߣ˭Ҳ
ֶԴԥ˺ܾãȥԨһȥܲС
ȻԨɴܾˡȥĿľǸֺúý̵һȥһ嶼ûС
ҲȷǸ⡣
ԨǸɴ࣬뵽ʲôзʱա
˿ϾҲǺܷԨ뿪ԼţС
ʰһĹ򡣲ϢйֻӻϹ׼һ
ֺԨˣӱ軤ųһ˫Ƚиꡣ
˫˵ȥ֪ȽиôһǳڶС
𷲼˴ڵƬ̣ͷ
Ԩ˭ǧɫ󣿡ֶЩġ
Ԩ뵽ҹֱȥԼСɾУǿлѡ
˲ı壬ͬҲСϡ
Сʱصʮģ
ǶԻδѣۣʶǻġ
ʶͨǶ˾ƣ˵Ͱ뿪ˡ
һȻЩܵӰ죬ǧɫ벻ӡ
ǡ
Ԩ䣬ֵԲۡ
Сǣ
ּˣСǵʱôԨ˵СţôһߣСǾ͸˳
ЩҧŴŤͷȥ
Сǰֱ𼸸£ûмأҲ֪Сˣ
Ƕһ˫̵źɫȻʱɫ͸ոϻ̴ڵؼһ˫Ƕ֣ż
˾һ㶡
ǶɨǶˣĿ̴ϣʵ
Ը£ɰˣ
̴ݺɫһ˲˭˾ǵϥء
ص°ˡ̴˵
Ǿͺá
Ƕһ°ڣλϣֳŶͷĵЦš
ñúÿЩ޲ɼ˻ʲô˷ѱʱ䡣
鲻ãɫڳǰǶǵķ塣
ǶŴ䲻ʹ졣
û֡
ɫ̴ݵͷһĬ
ֹŵˣ
*
ߵֻ׼
ҪȥϹ˰£ȻҪ׼ġ
ֲ֪Ϲϲʲôմ֣ʹԼĽҺԨ˽ѡ˲ټƷʯϹȥ
Ԩȫ̶񣬷һȥ㡣
ȥǲЩ٣קקԨӡ
ҪǴӦǵǲǵö׼ЩЩ̫ˣ
Ԩ
ԨȻ˵ġǡ
ǹȴֵԴ
ЩǡǮе֧˵㡣
ֵôһ仰ͷĴ󵨵Ŀʼˡ
СʦһƷʯΪοĻҪԨ꣬ϹĹ߳ϳ֣øʮƷʯɡ
ʮ򡭡ҲҪöӡ
µʱ˼ֳʯֻԨҪʯ
ԨͷһһŵʯҲĿˣǺʣҪ٣
ʮɡЩᣬ˦˦Щίر죬ΪʲôûһԶʯġ
Ԩùʯȡ˼žӨ͸ʯͷ
Ǿʯһٿž͹ˡ
ʯ
ֲ֪ʯ⣬оʯŶһʯʯҪöడ
һٿžʯװһġ
ʱ򣬾ͰϹ˰ɡ
һ׼
Ҳ𽥽䡣
ϹλһƬ֮С
ڵϣ֮£ɽ֮ϡ
ĵطһƬԱߡ
ﻨ㡣
һ۾ͿǸʵĹǽ
Ϲ
ת׼Ԩ
ô̶һ˲䣬ˡ
罫ֱ
һ˫ش󻷹
һȵӱ󿿽ͲֵĶߣᴵһ
ҷʲôȻһֻС
С㿴뱧㡣㹲䣬ɺã
л˵
~
~
´Ԫѽ~
~


96 
һʱ˿, Ӧ̷ĳһŷΪܱģɶ㿪, Цֵ˵ֵԴ
СɲҶ֡
δ䣬Ƿ̺֮Ƶһ, ƷϮΣҲӲӲֻɿֵ, ö㿪
ִӷиϽ|׹䡣
ص˲䱻Ԩһѷס
ʱЩ, Ҫ, վֵǰ, ɷ, Χ˶Ϊ֮Ĳ
վȺ̧ͷԨ
һ˫Ŵӷ׹һӡ
ͷ, ò, غЦԨ˹֡
λؾǳ༫, 
, ӸϽǰüŪۣλǳ༫ֹֹλ, ʮģ
㼷üŪۣǸ׹
λ, ѾΣˡ
, ԭ, Ҿ˵ôһֻɰСԭǳ༫ġ
Цй˹ֹ֣ոնе
ɨ۴ˡĳϸ
ûḡͦԵġ
ָҡҡͷ˵ްǸָЦ˵˵ģֹͬߡ
䣬Ԩ۵ֱӳŸȥ
һ¿ɲģϹĳϣǱزŶ㿪
ŷ֣ԨˣҲܱġ
žԳưԵʵ
ϣԨɷС
ʲô֪ģḡģ˹֡
ԽˡˣֹаֶĽѣȻˣλǣϹӭλ
ʶͷȥ۶ʦ֡
ֶĽѣǶʦ˰ɡ
˫Ǹʵ̸ѺãʲôҲû˵ƿߡ
༫ĵһǰϹʱιɳǰӭӣȻһЩ죬˳˳빬
ϹеǧӹŴӭӣһֱǰ
ϹһǷò˳Ⱥڲ࣬ҲǸĿ
ҿֿĵӲŮֵ䣬òʹϲá
ϹΪɫ޶ͨ͸Өֶˣһ·ʵĿ·һۣ͵С
Ϲ꣬һλˣЦߵſƼһˣ̵ϥ˸
Ϲ꣬༫ˡ
ɷǺһǧתཿᡣ
Ԩ⣬жվǶٷ磬ģϹĵߣ˹꣬ղضշ졣

ԨһĨЦ⹰˹֡
˷ˡ
µĸء˿ԨЦýģŵֻܵ˴ԼļңЩźء
Ԩ΢΢ף˶л⡣
һѺڣ׼׵ʦȫڲĵҲˣЦ⣬žøС
ڵڶλǰԨ˫ɳ༫ˣҲϹĹͳϡ
λǿճ
˼ͣûпλģҲԨλλ˸ҶԳƣҲһλԨ档
ÿǰСÿһС϶ϹʳвòĵӸٴѣ׸ڳÿһλˡ
֡
ֱεۣЩ㶡
ô˵أ·ǧüգ֮䣬Ҳֲġɣ
üרģԨλͷܿĿ⣬ʼǼϡ
ֶĳϸЦ
ֹĿʼϣأ̲סʣֹǵ檣
ôʣԨ߬žƱ΢΢һ
ףֻڿЩ۵꣬Ȼʻֵػش𣬡ǰ
ĻأԨΧĲ߶ϺԨתתȥ
ЦЦñ⣬֮Ԩ߸޼ɵߣļֱ治ж١
Ԩ᲻ذѾƱ¡
Щȴʲô
˵û
ȷǡ
ĿɨһȦŴЦǲ³λ˭ˣֻû뵽ˣһܼһֻҲҵˡ
ΪֹǺ壬Ҳþһơ
ϡͿôŶ˾Ʊ
Ϊƶ֣ģⱭڣۡ
һںȵﲻʡ
Ԩüߴ³
¡µ
̣ȥȥ˳ǻǻء
ҧأ˴һ˶ˡ
ԨΣֻýԼСϵĹ۰С
ζ˸ǾζֺһЩ
ǡƣ
ִΪ⡣
Ԩɨһۣû˵ǾƣǶȵģ㲻ʲôζľơ
ڣǺʮ㣬ȻζƽľƲܴ
֪ΪʲôԨһֱȾˡ
ǾƣԲմһڵġ
ŽӣԨ˳ֵһݸ
˳嵭ζֲ½ӣһ
˲ˡ
ô¶أԨȴԼĽȡһյĸǰ
Ⱦͺ
ᵽһζ
֮ǰСģδȵû뵽һֱء
ȵľƣ
ˣһһǱ˺ͷ˲õ㡣
Ԩֵİٰչϸ£ڳÿһС
ۿСЦаžƱȴǻͷһĳʦ
ֳϣû
ͽ
ûһͰԼڷвϳšʦЦ˵׻Ƥ¡
˵գʦֿ˫
ѣҼֶýƫɾҲֶһۣʦţж
˫ֵ࣬ȫĿбӣҲֱ̧˱ȭ
лͽ񰮣֮
أôἰңȽи귴ָָԼЦеʣұȶʦǲЩҲûвʽɣ
Ȼˣ
ʦȴЦҡͷУʱû˭ֵͷҪȻС˶ء
Ƚи꿴ʮ꣬˵Ҳǣ˵ЩҲΪڸΪͦγǰ΢ѷɫһ㡣
ɰ࣬Ͳ㡣
Ƚи˫ֵû۹⡣
ֹѡԼСʦ֣һ϶Ŀ⡣
ƹѲԨȷ¾Ʊ
ֻڱյϲ̺ԼʦƼһأ˫˵ĻƣȽиӦʦõϲã˽ʲôʲô㡣ĵûȡ
ˡҲŷϵľƱЦԨ
ڵ˵⣬Ҳ֪һ֪Ǵѡң˫أ
⻰ʵ̹ڳ˶ģҲһ
˹ؼ㣬Ͻ̧ͷɫ˲١
Ϲص㣬ĿľǸԨġ
֮ǰ˵ģϹҲֻˣŮֻˣмѡĻҲ֪Ԩѡ˭
ֻҪΪߣ˭ɡ
ˡԨ˵һ²ʦϡ
ɨӣЦⲻ䣺ǵѡ񸡳ϣֻӣҲ޷
Ԩһ㶣Ҫ˵Ļ˻ȥʣҲ޷
ʲô֪飿
˹˵⺢Ѿ˵ˣܲԱ𡣲ǳ༫ʵи֡
ӣ
Ԩ뵽ʲô֡
ҲԨѡŤͷĿԣԨ¶һЦݣ˵Ա𣿡
ʵʵͷţһΪ˭У˵ޡˡ
һԨʲô֪ء
ԨѱļƻȫƷֵĺ󱳣뱧ݴһ˿ζЦ⡣
µȷͷʦϡͬҲϲġѡ
Ļ˫ĿֱԨϣһѷĵӡ
ԨЩĿУ˵
ǰҪĿģĽһҼ֡
Ϊ˫ޡ
л˵

ż˿Ԫööö࣬ûʱ
ȡǸ°ɣ


97 
༫һϹʱ, רŲһԪµǡ
ԪµųԣԱ߾ϹȪأҲ༫׼ġ
˴ȪؿԶϸ΢áԾܹ˺ѵ, ʵϲûжãʤޡֻԨû¾š
ԨǸԸ, ܼѧϰ
峿îʱͱһȹ۵Ůˣ˵ǽҪʼֹѧϰѧϰΪϹĺķš
ֻЩȤġԨ֮ǰ˵, ѧ˾ꡣ
Ҳǲġ
峿ʯ·ִһʱ, ŮЦˡ
ڹ, վһˡ
, , ȷǲϹĹվϸеӰ
Ӹߣϸ, ֱ
, 
ȹ

ߵý, Ǳɢȥ, òۿ
δ˵´
֪Ҽǲ졣
һ㶡
γԣ
߽Щ, ָ٬ֵ°͡
ЦţǺ尡
Դλ֮󣬺弸伣дĶͿɽ, ϡͿɽ϶Զ, ǰ硭Ҳʵϵһָˡ
˵, üƺЩˡ
ú档
ջ񣬼һ棬ЦЦҲͲڣ꣬ûκκĴġƫŸаˡ
Ϊʲô˵ûкĴȻǺ֮ȥ˳༫ʲô֪
Ц
ȻΪ˲ú֣ɱ
ˣҼĵһֻ
´֣ǳ༫㣬Ҳôĺˡ
ϧȺУıܶûѧɡ˫ʲôҪλ̡
ôһ˵ȴ˻
ֺ棺˵һλǺ壬Ժ˫Ǻķ𣿡
⻰ȴЦˣЦÿܺÿֻüЩˡ
ǰϹ˭˲֪˭˲λġλ˻ָҵʦء
ٶǰϲ̵˵ǻҵʦǸСأΪʦͽŵõλ˵ָ㡣
ô˵ҿǺλմ״ʵء
˵Դβֽ
λˡ
룬˵ľ͸ǿеoϰɡ
ЦoϵͽܣoϣϹҲǺͺԵ
λ˿ɲС̺ܴġ
Цִ̧˴ֵĶͷܹѧҲ꣬ԽһʲôС̰ɡ
㣬ڵ߶
ǻش𣺡ˡ
ꡭ˼й꽻֮£
꽻ڣȷʣָǣ
üо¶ǲ֪ġ
ˣһ˵֮䣬ľεģ
ľ룿
룺һᱧ
Ԩˣᱧ
ЦЩȻأ
ֻ˺þã˾䣬ҵıҵĶ䣬β͡
˰죬ֻ˵ûˣϸֵ飬ˡ
ЦˣüЩۡ
ӵ꣬Ȼûн֮һ¡
༫Ȼ
ֲԣȴǵü´Ц⡣
ԵĲ˵һֻҾ͸ýһǺıܡ
˫أĽҪѧϰǡ̡
룬¶һĨȤζЦ⡣
˵ҼҲĵӺһ㣬ҲΪ˫ޣһѧ°빦
û˼ұͽܣѧϰӦõġǸѧϰġ
ȫƾ
Ӧ֮ǰԶһڰеľʯ
Ǿʯжһޱ޼ʡ
һ۾ͿһСɾ
ֽϵӳ
ʱָǰһɽȪٲ
ߵ·һ١
ɽȪٲ֮Уˡ
һ֮ˣδ£˸٣һɫţֵķɽȪٲ֮Уʱʱ̱̿ɽٲˢ
ٲԶƺ
ƺȴֱֻͦ˻Щı
ɡ
ҲǰЦ⣬΢΢üٲ֮±ˢ˵
겢δʼչñͦ
С˾䣺쵰СӡĿ𳤣Ŀ𳤣
һˣֻô˾䡣
Ҹֻ
֣ף
ʲô˵ǣ
ȴֵ˵ǹٲ֮µ궯ˡ
վɫĿͽʪקߣλñק³¶һѣתԣб죬մˮ飬ˮҲ˳ƹȥ
ջߡ
ô˼ʪĿӿ
겢δʲôӦٲȪˮ߳˸Ūɿӣץһɫϡ
һһķשʯÿһȵ÷שʯˮг£
ʦ𡣡
߽ˣ嵭Եмֱ顣

Цָָ֣ǳ༫ֹǺ壬ͣЩΪʦһѧϰһˡ
ֻǵ˵ģϹĹ꣬ͽ
˹֣ѡ
˫ǳɫģԵøĮɨʱɫм
þõض֣鲻ת۾գҲ𴦣Ͷֵ۾
ִδôʱĶӹһ;ź֣գƿߡƬ̧
ꡣ
λͽôоЩ֣
ҲЩ죬ʧˡ
ãջߡ
һ̣̲ס֡
ƫ񴿴⣬ʲôֵֻרע档
ֱЩԲŴʶ˰벽
벽γѣŴ죬˵ǽС֣
ףš
յգ׷ʡ
ҡҡͷǵ֡
ֺϲһֵֽķʽǰûʣֵԴ̫飬Ҳô͵ġֱڳ֮Լ֣Ժǵˡ
һͺܺüǡ
˳Ľëסǳɫ顣
ʧˡ
ҡҡͷ
һЦ˵ҹеӵʮͣҪȥɵһ񣬸Լһˡɵͽܶʮˣ궼겻񣬺ֹﵹм񡣡
ˣ
ֺˣɽĲǿģϹĵӣҪɰλ˵ġ
û뵽Ϊͽ궼겻һ˶ûҵ
ֿ˾ͺͷ޻һеķʽô㣬ֽ򲻿ĳ̶ȡ
ɵãԼһ
Ķ겻ɣΪϹĹͽѹغܴɡ޷Уǲǻᱻĵӱȥѽ
δ˵ǳĬصͷվԭء
ֻֿʱż̧ɨһۡ
ʲôģԾһˡ
Це˵֪ǣֶûֹҲǺ͵ӵɡʼЩ򵥵ģǣְɡ
ǣ֣
ִΪ⣬ѧϰķôҪѧǣ֣
̧Լʦ
ʦ𣬱ϻ
걻Լͽ˲ӵ˵ˣҲϰߣһ
Ϊʦ㣬㻹飬ĳ㣬С쵰
Ǳͽô˵ˣҲ֪ⲻףֻñֱ۲ô˵˵˫ޣһ֡
鲻֪һʲôСӽ˵ǣ֮һ֣ûνҪʼܿʼڲ֪䣬УԽԽ޷԰Ρ
ĺ棬ӽз¼
ЩǷϻ
˵Ϲˣûá
޹صԲ۾С
ΪҪݣǷϻ
ϹĵӣմȾֻһ֣̰Է֮䡣Ϊ˿ôе鰮ֶΣȥﵽĿġ
꿴ųĬֵü
Ҫ̻ģǶԻ˽⡣
̾˿Ƿˣλе㲻ס
ô죬ܵøѧɡ
ѧ˲ܾԨ
˴ĶЩģֱȥ̧Сٲ԰ˣԼһһһ
ֵ࣬һһ㣬ֶŻᶳɵá
ĿϣĶ˻
ֻڿе顣
ʫ
Ƿ鼮ܺúý̻ġֱ壬ָ
ҪǵǣǶδ֪̽귭飬ֱӾеָ㣬㿴˴ģ֬Ȼˡǹ˽ǵĵһҪӵȰ˵
֮أ
һַһҳͣ£չֿ˼շתࡣ
СΪʦǽۣ͡üŴ⣬˼ҵ֣Ҳ˼ҹҲ룬ķȥ˯ţֻͬ
ǵڶ󡣡
Ŀⲻ֪ںδڷ
Щԥ
ȻȻ
Լ֡ǰ˭
ͦ˵İɣû
˿ʱ͵˵
귭鱾ԴǶ˵Ի£ۣͬ
仰˼ǣ֮Ѿ˲ҪѵĵزȻҪͬΪΪֻó绶䡣
һһϹĻоˡ
棬ͽܵˣͷͷǵ
Ҳе˼
ͷԼ֡
ҪѧϹķһҪȥ˰ɣ
飬ü۶㡣
Ϲּǣ纣Ӳ䲻ݡ
Ϊ㽲ĵһΣֹˣ
˵ͷлúܶ
⣬΢΢ף˫һأֻҪһѧˣȻͶʲôǺ˫ޣȥϰϹԵӵҪһ٣ֹǿͣҾ͸ֹﰲŸһ˾С
ϰˣ̹ں޵ķʱֹ꽻ˡ
񣺡лܽˡ
ջĶࡣ
ֻȥ·ϻĬĬġ
˵ǣҪ˵̰
̰Ҫôȥأ
һ·һ·ͷԼ֡
˫ִҪȥϰôˡ
Ҫ˭أ
ֻصԪµУһȦûˣ
ԥ£˳һȥȪش
Զֵ֣ǾʯصסȪڡ
ֹȥʱȪ֮УԨ̯˫ۿڳرߣ£Ȫ֮С
Ȫϣ
ȹԨࡣ
ԨϵѶʪˡ
壬ϡܿǡ
ˣ
Ԩ̧ۣĨȥͷˮͷ֡
ֵһ̣üеЦᡣ
š
룬ΪʲôҪȥأҲϰߡϰߵҲԨˡ
ţ֣Ԩǰſ˻Ρ
Ԩ
ֶԨ࣬СƢѯʣһ𣿡
л˵
ʦͽӽѧɶûɶûб˱ˣ
~
ʫⲻϹǧ2333
˱~
~


98 
Ԩ, һʱҲ޷ֵΪ뷨
ĬԶԡ
ֶǶòԨĻش𣬲²Ǿܾջ, Ųʯͷϴ˫ȣԨԼǶѧġ
˵Ľ̲ǡʫʱ, ԨѾЩʲôԾ
ֽĽ̵ȥԨ͵һָϰ̣Իһ߻һ߰ѧݸԨ
Ԩһֻѧϰ, Ĭú, ̵, ܽ𣿡
ѽ
ֵͷ˫ŴǶ, Ȫ, մˮš
ȻҲ֪˵ģһ¾ô, Ҫȥȥϰİɡ
ԨȻ, ȴδ׼, ǻ˸˵ǡ
Щ˵֮, һѧϰݡ
һ㶣ҽѧģѧˣ
Ҳ㡣ȵѧˡ
Ԩ˵գȪվ, ʪ͸, ̧Ȫصˮ, ֺȻһ, Ԩܺÿ
ʲôѣûʦֻǴˮȾʪһĹֻʼնǺÿġֺÿǴӹͷ͸ģһһĿ
ͷԨˮ뿪ʪ˸¸ɾ
񡭡е㶮ΪʲôһҪһĳ嶯
̵ĵȷ͸Ѿˡ
ԨƺѧʺȲҪɡ
ȹϵĻңԨصԪµ
Ϲ֮УǺͳ༫ȫͬĻ
еĵ£һСɽҰɻΧͷߣŻ˭ˮϹá
֮ǻЦ˳༫ĿˣһЦݣǡ
༫ҲᱻӰ죬ֻ˫
ֵ֪ԼҶʦΪ˶ˣûʱҲЩǣרȥʦ֡
ԪµǰͺҲȫǽ༫;ŵֿ
ȥʦǶʱ˫ڴ
Ҵţ׼ʱȴ˫ˡۣ
Сʦ£
˫ס֡
ֻعϸһʦ֡ɫ㲻Ӧ첻ûĵӣ춼ɡ
ʦ֡
ʵʵ˵ûţЩġ
˫ᣬǰֵԴ
˴ԣŰҲǸѡ񡣡
ֶˣʦֲûжĸоɳſɲǵӶ𲻵ʲôӰ졣
Σ˵ҪһĽѧҪһûʲô£ֲǧɫôҪȻˣָʦ
ĽȫʦͶʦָ㣬˻壬ȫȻ壬ٴýʱǰѾ˽ȻͬĲࡣ
˫ֻú߼ƣѾȻʵ
Լ˽ѸֻͣƵ÷أٳ˲ʮоʵʵ䡣
һĲ࣬ǰó̫ࡣ
״̬Ҳ˫С
ھ֮Ҳǻữֵտգûнû˺ѿΪ
˫Խ̵һȻƽƽӶɣȻһôһΪڡ
һСΪҲǾߵˡ
֡
˫˽֣ΪоʲôֱӾ׽ˣ
Ҳ˫ջһ˵ˡֻǹڻЩ鷳Ҳ˵Լʲôʱ򶪵ģԹᡣ
˵գ˫ɫأȴ̸֡
²Ҫˡ
壬飬ԷΪһ壬ָ˫ҲֻնɽٴܵĲǸָ֪Щʲô
ô֪ԡ
ֲ⣬ʦֿ϶Ϊãͷ֪ˡ
ڻ֪˺١ʦ˵Ԩǿyihua֪ġǳԨʦŵ⣬û֪ˡ
Ҫغãܸ߱ˡ
顭
˫ܾŻʲôط飬ʱ벻
Ҳ˼Ķʦ֣ŽŲ뿪ˡ
Сʦͺ˴һƬòֺԪµֻڲٳ֡ҺãҲûʲô顣
죬֣˵ǸµĽѧ
̸ȥˡ
Ϲһ֣Ʊˮչ⣬۵Сˮںˮ֮С
ֱ͵ߣϡ
մһ£ϵһɫӣмֱ¡
Ƴ֣Ŀþͣ
ܾЩ֡
ʶ𣿡
̲ס
仰ȴǺȻ¶һ̴ٵЦЦʱɫĮ̶̵Ц⣬ȴĽϻ
ֿЩ
Ц⣬ƿߡ
Ǻ塣
ֻô˵һ䡣
ֲ̫˵ǣһμ֪ѽǸ塣
ţǡ
Ӧˡ
塭ĿںϣԲУɫӼǳ
תͷһ˫ֱ֣𣿡
һ㶣ԥ£ȴҡҡͷҲ֪ûмĺ塭
ԣԳͿֻֻĸоȫһģòǺġ
ֿһۣ¡
ȴ˺ģѵĺ
˵嶼ǲĺꣿ
ֺ棬ǵ׺죬Ҳû˵վࡣ
ͬʱӺɹһ
ֹСͽΪʦ򵥵ģ۾ȥֱһ˶һǷ飬֡

ȴûжûȻҲûжʵʵȺš
ںߵȺһ̶ӣϲųһСλƳ
̤С񴬲˸պá
վһߣֺһξ롣
ȻںϻΣҡһҡҡ˺ȥ
ýֲŷ֣ԭֵǺ֣ȻںУǺߣƽأˮ棬ôһԵڿҡ
񴬣ͬȵź档
ֻڴУδ˵ֻվǶ
ָоںҡΣˮԣôôҲܲȥİС˵̫ȥȡ
ԥ˺һϲ˲ȡ
ģģȫվӣ
˽š
Ƭ̣Ȳ´Ƭ̣˵ȥ
죬İ˵Ĺϵ˵ȥȴš
Ͳϲˮأͷһ峺ף˲е֪ΪξЩų⡣
ûΣյĲŶԡ
˺þã̽ٲ˲ȡͬʱֻŷֱԼϡ
һƬˮҲòȥġ
ȫ׼ֲ˴
²ŵһƬˮһŲȥ˽ȥɺϻзûıˮû
ˣּߵҲսս
ȵǰ·
һ·ߵõײײ޲ȥЩɡ
Ȼ˴Ϲʲôɫ֮أڶ࣬һһģǣֺӵһ˵
߽ȥһأֲᷢϴ¡
ֶ£žͲ̫ߵòһЩ
Ӵ˰
ŷ¶Цˣлһˮһ
кüӸ档
ʦ𡣡

ҲŹ֣
ĿⶼϣЦζ
ר߹ңֹСһʼѧЩЩΪʱ磬ҸѡЩѧء
ֶԴȴʾϴν̵ĺܺá
ˣһνѧѾĵãǺʡûϰĻᡣ
ŴЦ⻹͸¶˳
⡭ҿɲ˭Ƕеĵã֪ˣɲʲô¡
ЦˣüۺŴɫЦ˵Ǿʹӷϻ𡣡
ϻ֣뵽ȴһνģ鲻֪һ
˴ǹеӣеǱ˴ˣеĲһģֹȷֱֱ棬Щˡ
ְµ
Ѳס㣬Ͱֹˡ
㣺ֱֹܷξˣΣ
ɨһۺ֡
˴Ĺеڶ࣬ŮŮò˴ӵһ𣬺ϵܺá
Ц˵գӯһǶȴš
һ֪Ҫôʼ
ǰ·
ǰʦʦ֡
ǰֿһŴĴ
һԿŮŮӱɣļͷͷ˴ǺЦڵ˵ʲô
ֶ֣˵ǲǣ
֮ǰ˵ˣϲĶʦ֡
һҲͷܴԣֱתƷȥڶԡ
ڶǣֵһŮͺֲ࣬ʮߵģ˵üɫ裬ŮкרעϲںϣǱıģȵһȦһȦ
ֿ˺һ²⣺飿
ˡ
ʦϲʦ֣ϲʦܡ
סˣ񡭡
١
ֱӴǰߡԽǰߣԽŨȴ˲١
ǵ͸ǶʮŮ˴ӵһֹŲǼűǣࡣ
ֿ۾ջߡ
ն顣
ţˡ˵λʦʦֲԸζġ
ûܲ죬˴˾ôҲ֮
ֺȻ뵽ԼԨҲǡҲᱧҲ˱Ǽֵʱ
ȷˡ
Ҳ
㶼ˡǰ飬Ҫܷ
ܷ
һᡣûзӦϹûʸǶԳͷ»Щŵġ
˺óһأмƹ˲ˣߵһٵĵط
Ƕˡ
һŮȹˮ棬ˮ沦Ūվӱɣ·ʲôûĿԶ
ȻŮ˵еˮ飬̧ʱȻĵͷĿԡ
мһξ룬û˵ôһӣֺȻһо
ˡ
ǡ˵գЩ˺֮ǰȣҪԶĶ࣬Ҳûôǣôȴĸо֮Կأ
Цˡ
ԡ
һ࿴˺һǿ٣ֻۣƿȥֻϵЦǲزסġ
ǹƬ̣Ůȹˮ濿ӣż⣬ǡ
һ̣ȴǱӷְϣĴ
գգۣջߡ
ӦǷˡ
֮ǰһԡ
٣ɰĽȫȻġ
ǸӿƺŮû˵ʱʱ̵̿עⶼϡ
Ǿһԣ֮ɾֱܷ顣Բ࣬ǲȻĶרע֫ǣǲȫķɡ
ֽյĿγ˴죬Ľ˸ֱ˳
ڼʮֱģʵҵЩЩ
Ĵ𰸺⣬Цеֵ̧°͡
ȥ󣬰ɹߵ⣬ǾͿԽһˡ
ȥʱǺС񴬡
ִﰶߣֺ˹־뿪
ꡣ
ֵẰһ
ֻ
ţ
һֱƬ̺󣬴
´Σٸ㡣
أǻİֵĺĸˡ
ţһξ죬󣿵ʱһ˵ʲô
ڵĻҪȥԨرһѧϰ
ִֵԪµʱлˡ
ȴǳʦϸżλòĵӣڵԨơ
ϣȻŮȻλԨֽŲ̤еĵһʱ̧ټĵУĿϡ
ʹźԶҲȫעؿСŸ裬Ʊյȫעȴϣ촽һȺЦš
Ԩ
ڻˡ
߬ȹվڵſڣȻ֮䣬񿴶ԨĿ⡣
л˵
ˡһҼȥġⶼɶ
ϼӸ


99 
վڵſ, Ԩӵһ˲䣬Ȼû̧ȥΧ˳֮ǰ, ͷת˳ȥ
뿪ԪµֻܸоԼʼڻԨǸ
ȫע, ֻ
Ϊϰϰ˰ʼӵİģΪ飿
ֲ֪ĿߣϴȽиꡣ
Сʦ, ôʧǵģ
ȽиЩúܺ, ʱϻżӡ, ʲôϵǢСŮ޸µġ
ֿɰ, ˰Ŀ, ȴ˶ϲں׽
ȽиϹˮüΪ̹
һ֬㿿, ̧ͷ
Ҳ̰ûɡ
ǿЦЦ
ûʲô, ո顣
Ƚи°ͣСʦ㲻, ҡ
ƽϰʲô߸ʦ, ֪ôģȴôҲ˵ڡԥ˰죬ҲŴҡҡͷ
ʲô, Լһ
Ƚиô˵ˣҲûб, ǸɱԼŪò, Ҫʲô, ߶ʦָңܹڵġ
ָмص˵ͷš֪ġ
λʦ飬ĵҲǸ£ȷû취ʦȥ֡
˳ŲߵԱߵȪأƣ˳ȪԵĶůʯ£ЬȪŽţ˫ȥˮ
ֳ࣬۾뵽Ԩʼ䣬ڼ֮УԨôġ
Ӻܾúܾǰڳ༫ʱԨʱˡ
˵ϸǵסģԼǿʦ
ӳʼնȫעĿ⿴δεȾδ
ȥòֻ˫ۣȫĸ顣
ÿֻʱʼնܵõȫĻӦ·׾ͽܿʦڶ̶̼ʱڣκĸԴڰɡ
ֻǵ֪ʦԨ󣬲ŷԼһ˵ˡΪԨʹ֪Ҳ׵õ

ֳ̾һԴģһǺֵˣһǾžƱڸпԨ
ƽˣ̧Żƻķɫա
˵ǽʲôĻѾѧȥˡ
ֿԼŪϡͿʼԼԨ
ȷ˵ˣԨǶ飿
뵽벻ȥˣôŲǡ
ȪЬŲڵϣһһʪĽӡ
ͷûһͷײһ
̣־Ͳ³ǰ˭
㲻ڵ𣿡С졣
ԨһľѾӹеЬ࣬ͷ۵СѾЦ
емֲԾҲôС
ֲˡ
ԨȴǣصȪԣŽţ˽ȥ
ֵĽžļԣҲ˼ˮˣ˫ʵʵطš
˵ȴô֣ĽףƵ
ؽţˮĽ
˵˵ɣΪʲôܡ
Ԩɿ֣ȴ̧ȥ
һ㶣ҵƿߣ֧֧᲻֪˵ʲô
ǡǿ˶࣬ȥ
Ԩۡ
ǰ֣ˣϾȷϯᡣôǶսܶ𽥸ˣҲԸϯرϹЩʼǱѺõģȻôſ뿪
ʱǸίʵ̸ƽ
ԨûпĻʱС񣬲֪ΪΣЩ𾪵ģ֮⣬ЩҵԼûзֵĽš
Ԩ֣ô̵סӦһҴ˦Ǽλϣ
ڿôӣԨǶ϶Ȼʲôš
Ҳʣʲô
⣬ɴ˲
ʣѧʲô
ô˵
ֵһӦԨƾһô࣬һֻأô˵óڡ
ȥ˺֡ԨʣȥֳʲôʲôϵĽ֣˵ĻתԨ
֪嶼ʲô𣿡
ԨѾŶҵ̬п̽һ㣬δҴŵС꣬˳Ļ˵ҼĺꡭǼʱڣͳֻֻ
һ㣬һͿһԨ۷·ڻ䣬˺ܾãȴҡҡͷ벻ˡֻǵһֻ
ͿΪ⣬Ԩ˵Ϳ㻹ǵǿ𣿡

Ԩۣôᵽˣ
Щ죬ǿֵģȴôҲܡ
ʱãŵʱԼ̫СģֵСԨǰŲ졣
һ£ǵҲ㲻úܴ顣οѾ֪Ԩ˵ʲô쳣Ƕܽܵġ
ǰôûʧˡ
ǸǺɫġֽԼĸԨҵʱڲ¥˵ǿǺɫ˴ԼǱħֻ֡к쳣ҵʱ˵
Ϊ⣬ʲô˵
Ԩţȴ΢΢ü
ͿǿЩӡǰɫû
ֿȴǺɫ˲֣Ǿǡ
ɫ飬顣
Ԩ뵽ʲôü䡣
˵ĻܺһЩ飬һЩ
ˡ
Ԩ˵ףζἰЩ£Ҳǿ
޷֪ʱ
С͵ԨȪУϺܿմȾˮ飬Ҳȥˮ˳Ŷͷ䵽°ͣһС
δССˮ
ֽż⹴˹ǰһšˮ˲串˸ոǵˮ顣
˫ˮȥ۵أ㹭ƯֺԲɰˮЩۡ
ˮʱżʱˮУʱԾˮ棬ԨƤ»ȥ
ɨֵĽţƿߡ
ͷյɢɫ֡
˺һ£ˮ˳ź䡣
ֽݵ÷̣˫źͮͮģԸԨݽˣϽ̧ˮ˳ĽŸ䡣
ʱҪһˮ
ֳһʯͷѾԼ滮˽ҪŪɾţЬȥһСС𴸳͸͸硣
Ȼûü˫ȴǱһֻ߬š
ͫһ
˲ǵͷָϷ˫ŵˮһ˫ɸɾĺͮͮСš
ֺֻ㹭ţŶܿĽš
ֺֽţԨ׵ǹ̵ģȪҪ̡
㲻ʲôӴƫƫôһգֺһ΢Ĵֻ˵˵ǲ̫ȻȻⱾһǡ
ֺԨǣģ֮ǡ
ֲֻ֪ԼԼָоԨʱǰôо̹ܵȻˡ
һǳǳȻ˵ܸ߳С
ֲԨĽţȥòײŰԼ˫Žȳ̴Ь࣬ͷҲȹܡ
Ԩָ⻹һ˿СС񱼶ȥıӰ˫졣
ֳ컹ûг׺һͷܡܵΧİĻŷӦԼܹͷˡ˴һ¥
˴¥Ǹ¥Ⱥ˴˽š
¥֮жŵơ¥̨֧ڽҹδҹ֮ʱȾɫ
ֳϥǴŷִ˴˺ܶࡣ
ѾҹˣȴвٵϹǰ
վһɺҶպڵһΣټ˵Ķǹеӣû˶˴
ֿòƯŵƶڸ¥վƬ̣ʲôˣƵ˹ȥ˽ӹ˾ЯŽ˸¥
濴˺һʼ²⣬ǲǾϹӵң
ǳ༫һӲȥļ֮أǳ༫ӵľ֮
䲻ȥ˽⣬Ҳ֪Ǵסһġ
ߵϹĵˡ
ת
ոȻͷߵģδҲȥʵڲоһĵӡ
ֲһתһ󣬳ϸǶվţ֪վ˶ãһֱ٬ֿ
ֹ֪ﵽҪõЩ䣿
һ㶡ϵĸйЩ΢ǻˣҲϲֹ̫ḡḡһȣ޷
ߴˣ֪㹬еӵҡ
ң
ƺ뵽ʲô¶Цݡ
˵ֹҪѧϰҹķӾ޵ķʽҲķؼһ㡣
ֹ´ȥĦĦѧϰһΣ
л˵
~
˱~
~


100 
Ħ
ֱĵ޴ûʲôġûиϵĻ, Ҳһͷɵô˵ʱЩųġ
ҡҡͷлϺ⣬ҾͲ, ûȥˡ
Ը΢΢ʾȻ뿪
δЦĿ뿪, ˾䣺·Сıߴ·ˡ
ֱȥĸ¥֮С
⻰òУһȥķ
ոͷһܣ, , ﶼİġ
뿪˸ոյ, ·Ӷ
ִӽзһźչ, ߵһ·ڡ
ףʱо
ֲ̫ȷ, ԥ˰죬ʱͷʱǲѡ, ֱֻ, Ծ·ѡ˿ֱһ
˳Ų··, ֻԼеĺɫԽԽ, ·û˶ٹ
·ҲԽԽԵð
ʱֻʣһɫǳǳ׹ˡ
ֽͣס߬ĺЩš
Ȼ, ûжôܱ˹ȥòЩʲôɣ
ԥ, Լпߴ·ˡ
⵽İĵ, Ϥ, ߴ·ʲôֵΣոô죿ǰ˵ϹڣҲΣղŶ԰
ôģҲҼǰˡ¹⣬ƫƫڵȴǱʲô˹һʼհ
Ҫ˻ȥصҴҸ˴ȥɡ
ôҲǿˣ˰æġ
õǺܺãֻǻͷʱԭ·ˣֻʣһֱȥ·
¹Ⱦһ˲ɫЩ䡣
е㺦ˡһܳʱδ뵽һЩֵ顣µĳôҲ㲻ġ
Ҫô·ҪôǲСߵ˲ߵ·ϡ
ָһնƮƮ·оһ޷ƾϸߵĵط
ֵ˻
⡭
֮ǰδϹŲ²һ£ߴ·һ磬벻
ЩĻŻŵġ
ԥãֻ˳·ߡ
дԼСལȫ׼ΣյĻ
¹ôխխССһ·أнŲǰ
ʱһ׷ŮһֱˤǰԶ
һ㶣ǰȥֹĳ£жŮǲˡ
ţвϹѵ׷
ǷŹҰɣʲô˵ȥģ
ˤڵصŮ׷ĵ˵
ֱѾ˾裬ȻЩӭײĵǲδһۣȥץŮ
ʦ㣬ʲôȥʦ˵ա
ЩӻǿŮûЩֵľٶ
˭֪Ůʦ֣ͫһҡͷҲȥǣߣȥҹҴʦҲУʵڲУȥ븡ʦң
ʦ˵ʲô
ЩҲЩΡ
㲻ʦһʲô£ֻҪǸˣʦƽô谮㣬ֲᷣ㣬ôô£
Ůһ·ˣ˵ϣԼæÿŮȫûзʼˡ
ߵЩӣҲδĴڣȰŮ
Ůһһε䡣
ǵģǵġʦɱңһɱҵġ
ԭأʱԼֱӴŮ
Ƭ֮С
ЩͷԣȥץŮȰ
ʦôô룬ʦƽ㣬Сôɱ㣬ˡЩȥǸɡ
ŮҡͷͣˣȴջǱԼʦǷץҪȥڿ˵ⲻʲô£ֻҪǸ
ȻȴüţǸˡʦɱ˺ҩԼʦ
壿
ֲʣȻŮδ䣬ֺزʲôȴ̺ǿɱ
ԥֱһԾ𣬰γСལȥֵ
ȻǴӿзһĨֱ͸ֵСལ塣
һ㶣
˫ĿԲ˵ĺȴǱһֱӸϡ
Ѫһء
Уһ϶ȱ
ȻΪһЩС·кͬš̾Żͽ籨𡣡
סܲսµѹɱ⡣
ʹ˼䣬ȴ޷صֵ
Щǰ׷ĵǣ׷һڵϡ
̼ʧȥ
ͫһ
֮䣬ǰѪɢЩǰǣҲʧ
ǰһٵغ֮䣬Լվһʯ·ϣ·ʯƣĹ⣬յɫǳڵÿһ䡣
ԶĴĵƻ𣬻ԶŻġ
վԭسĬãһȦ𽥻ָƽȡ
ߴ·һ˵Ļ
磬׷ĵǣճֵɱС
Լеʦ𣬲ʦɱ˺ҩԼ
ͷ͵һ
ҩԼĵڶںϢ
ȴһڵֳС
һ
ƽ·öůʯСɸɾһ㶼ѪӵȾ·ʯ춼޷ҡ
ոЩ
ֳĬ˺ܾã˳·ߣ˲ʱͿϹһ಻ԶԪµ
ֲɫصԪµС
һΣȹصУδԨֱصԼĲ
˵ƣڳߣԼЩ
֪ΪոߵǹС·ΪǺȻ֣ȴɱŮֻߣΪŮеĺ塣
Ƕ˺һ֮еĸű졣
ع˹ȥ
ǸӲ֮еġΪһ壬ֿɵ޵
˿ڸŵı顣
ȵһͣһ١
ǡԨ
ּ̾Ͳ³ŵ˭
ʵҲ롣
ȥ˸š
Ѿԡˣ˿ûˣмƣ֮⣬ᱡİɫϵһɫУ̧ʱϵ΢΢졣
ô飿
Ԩֵ°ͣش
Լ֪Լ˿ɫжףѪɫĿʱֵõиͰ
գۿԨȥ֪ġˣֻϹ˵򣬻༫ѹʱʱ̿̿Ŷһ˵ˡ
ֻҹ˾û˵ʱŻǰ¶Լƣ롣
Ȼ˿¶ĴֻڷֵĲʱ˲ɫѾȾࡣ
ԥ˰죬קԨȥ¡
˰죬֪ôڡ
ҹЩ֪ʼԼǲһΡ
ȫûɣڻ;вܺȻ˯ţֻôһֵ⡣
ҡߴ·һ¡
룬ûԼϵĹ´ͷβԨ
ǿң˵ȥҲˡҧŴֵҲֵˡ
ǶԴ޷
ҵǰһ̾Ͳˡ·ʧˡ
̧ͷ֪ؿԨ
⵽ô£
Ԩ˵䣬Ȼ֪ʲô
·ĹУǱ˴λʱ֮Уһʱڵ㣬֤һȥĲҰ
ǰ飬ֻǲСĴˡЩˡģȥ塣
Ԩ˵ɣҲȷȡһŷֽдʲôӳǷֽԷȥȥˡ
ҧŴ㷲ȴš
˹ȥ顭Ǿ˵ȷǸҹ֮СЩ׷ĵҲΪһ˵ĳ֣ȫһ⡣
еʦ˭깬Ļʦ˭
ЩˡǶ𣿡
С˵š
ǰʩȶΪ
Ԩ̧ۣ侲
ô࣬ǹȥ飬ֻǿ˵ʱĳͨ챾£Ҳ޷þȥȥˣҲ
ִëȶ
ûܾȥķ𣿡
Цoϣֿ֮
һôoϣѾˡԨ
ֲ˵ǰĵȷֻİˣֻһصˣվˣȴôҲȲ˵ĴܣЩԽܡ
Ƭ̣ŷ֮зɻһ۵۵ֽ
ֽԨУչֽīɡ
һĿʮзɿ쿴˫΢΢
ԭˡ
Ԩ̧֡
˵Ǹɣǰһںƽ֮С
ǰ
һ㶡
ǹ
λꡣԨ˵ǰǧ
еĹǰιǧʦ͸ǡꡣ
ʦ־͸ǡϸ
һӣһкķ
Ǻ塭ҩԼСʡ
Ԩֽ
ҩԼӣǽеĺ壬ϹΨһĺӡ˽֪١
仰֪ôܾЩΥ͡
е˼Ǻʦʲôϵ
ôҡԨִ˴ֵĶͷҲǶ˹һŶ֪֪Ҳ޷ܸÿҼհɡ
ַӦˣȷǳ༫Ԩʲô֪ĵط
Ҳǡ̫ˣȥϢɡ
˵գԨ·͸С꣬Цһ˯ţ
ֲ̫ϣҹЩкµġ˯˯š
δϣֻǴߴԨ뿪
ȴ̹ȻֱӣŴһɡ
λá
ˣҽ˯ǡ
ռԭĴ齣ڴϸһλãһ룬Ҳı仳
վԭôû
ҹ飬˰Ľѧɵȥҹ俴Щ￴Щǣָǰ
˱˴ӵǵ̬˲ơ
ͺԨ˿λãȥͬһ
Ԩͬ˯һ齡
߬ȹӡ
ڳ༫ϰ߲ʲô
һ̣Ȼоһ˿
Ԩ֮һ붼û
ڿԨ̹Ȼĺͬ˯һ
ⲻʡ
ֵһξܾ˺ͬߡ
Ԩһ㶣ؿ֡
ʲôʣ
˵ʲôʺϣתǲҺԨӣ˺ʼ֧֧һ仰
֮ǲ˯һġ
˵գԨ˯Ĵϣֱ˵˯˴ҾȥǶˡ
˵꣬ҲȥԨķӦȹת˳Ÿ뿪
֮а
ڴϣɿ壬¶ǡ
ĿֲֻʵıӰ뿪뵽һ½ţȻͨͨ
УڲеԨһˡ
΢΢Ц⡣
ףڳ˰
л˵
ϲСˣԽһˣ
̫ˣд꣬һǿԼǿдȥ賿


101 
ִ峿, ر硣
һҹ˯òôȣǻ뵽һЩ¡Щ²޷ġ
뿪Ԫµ, ˼ҪȥһϹúôǰ׮¡
ʶˣȥ, 
ʮ꣬϶֪ǰľ£һ֮Ҳ˼ҹеȥʡ
˼ȥ, ־ȥӡ
ֻںδǸ⡣ֻ֪彪ĵ, ˮ, ֮һ֪
Ŀ, ߳ȥԶ, ֵλŮޣŮ޺ǿغѣԵĿɺסĿɺ, ҪĵСɾ, Ƕܰš
ѾϰĵӶɵִ, Ϳظ˼, ˵ӡ
ʦ㣿ȥ˴өʦֵķСŮ޻£өʦģҹûʦȥ𴦡
Ǽ, ǸŮճЦөʦɴ, ڴء
Ů޵챻ͬס, ͬЦЩ󣺡༫Ŀ˸ǲôӴЩ, Ǳ˵Щˡ
գۣû̫ףֻϡ³ӸòȥԼʦġ
ʲô֪Ҳȥ̽
ֻʵλөʦֵסȴǺɣҹ·Ǵ¥ĸ
˵ǶǵʱŮ޿ֵ΢
ô˵ҲûдһŮЦЩζǾǶޡֻȻһඡ
ֹģҹˣһյȥλʦʦܣֻܰѵƵȥ˻ܾӵġ
һ֪⣬ֻ֪һе롣Ǵͬġ
ҲδයλŮ޵ĻӸλөʦǶȥˡ
ͬʯŶʯĿ·ҷֱǵǵ䳡ˣʱĻԹ㳡һ·˳߹·ģ峿ˬ
ֶûҹĿɲ
ҵǴңĸ¥Ѿвٵĵ룬ŹǷ뿪żȻпֵģЦʺãҲδ˵ʲôµλԳ༫Ŀˡ
ߵЩֱ治ϱ̲ססǰһῡεĵӡ
ʣөס
өʦ֣ǱסСӶЩ죬æȰ裬֪ܲөʦֲһܵסģаֱʦտʼʱģҲӳˣЩζʦŻȥ
ǳ༫Ŀ˰ɣǡûмôĻУȥҴөʦִŻԿġǵرƼǹϲȥұʦ֡ƽﲻϲЩֻÿ¶ϻ裬˵Ƚġ
ֻ̫飬ȫ岻ϻ˵ˣֲŲ䣺ȥӡ
ǵЩʧŶȣˣҸ·ɡ
ǵǰ·ʡȥ鷳¡
ӱĶãǻࡣһ·Ѿһ䣬ڳ΢ʦжϲָʦϲʲôӺȥ˵ֻܵө
û¶ǧҴөʦ֣̫ˣҲʦϲ
ǵһС·ߵһľԣͣ½Ųر֣ص֡
ֲòֻͣӡ
˵öʲô߰ģһ·ͷǣ޷˼
֪ˣʦֱִЩǸʦ䵭ЩЩʦľ
ЩûʲôϵϾЩҲദ
ǵڱˡǰľǰġ
өʦ֣ʦң
ľŲֱȻ£а
סһʵ´ࡣٶһӵĻ
ͬ˯ֺȻ뵽һ硣
Щȷ룬ѵͬ˯Ǻ
ǲĶˣ̫ࣿ
ֻδأľݵűˡ
ȴһߴӢӣ|ϰһѣһ
ģ˯һʱûУ˭˷
ӽ¼оֱϵļ⣬һȭȥĻܰ˴ɡ

ѵޣ
룬С𴸣޵ġ
ǴөĿϣۣǽе⴩ˣ˹֣ˣԭԶĿˣʧˡ
λԵȣȥ档
ֹֻûһǴөȥ֪˵ЩʲôĶ
е󣬾ˤһһ
ûһӴŷɫȹͷһδᣬŹǷ˳
ֹֲ̧ȥ۽ǵˮһ˵춼⣬ֹ֪ҿʲôҪ𣿡
ֿôӣڷӦˡҹһҹδ˯Ƥ벻ƤŬţҲǿվȡ
ӺЩ̫ʺϡѾ˳ˡ
ӣҲ֪㻹δ˯ѣ룬ٹʱ㣿
ˡһģֹôңȻҪ£ϰ˲˯޷
˵գӴӶȡһŵҩ£峺ˡ
ֹ֪ʲôҪ£ù˽
ָ˵طһĴөǵӴڸмǿĿⶼϡ
£֪ǲǲܶࡣ
ţû˵
ӷӦ˹Ц˵ֹƲǶȥء
ӵס㲻Զŷ֣޺ŮסŮǵסԾҪϸµĶࡣ
ӵסһС¥¥¾һƬԡ
С¥Ӹֵһ裬ԼҲһˮһˡ
ȻֵߣЦţЩɤӣʵ
Ϲ˲ͳͳûϾȥʣҪһ춼ʲס
ֹûˣ˵ɫ
˵ӣʶ𣿡
ʦãüɫ֪࣬ģʦʦ㡣ǰѾˡ
ӹȻ֪˿
ˣֹӺδ֪ʦõģЩ΢
Ͼʦõ뿪ġҲ˾֪
룬ȫ˵ûʲôãӣԾֱʣʦãʦʦ㣬Ǿ˵ʦʦʦġʦ棿
ݹϵȴȴҡҡͷǵġʦõʦ̫Σϡʦʦǧˡ
̫Σеʦ
ͽ籨Ҳ˵ɱ˳˵ģλ̫Σϡ
ɱ˺ҩԼġҲ
֪ĺҩԼӣʵ
°Ӹסˣԥ˺һСʣ壬Ϲк壿
ǰҩԼӣ㲻֪𣿡
Ȼȴҡҡͷǰô֪Ҳһء
㶼֪硣Щ⣬֪ȴ֪ҩԼ
˵ʦðΪ
ʱЩ΢λСʦʸϣǲǿ쵽ļˡɫ䣬ЩСʦܣʦ͹סûĶ֡
ʱҾŸЩ֣ͻȥҼʦʣ˺þòʳԭǰλʦãдԣʦڸ֮֡
С˵ʱҲʦȥʱˣǵ˸ϣĸҵġȻֹңһʲô֪
ϸɱ֣
ȴǲ֪һ㡣ҹǶģûил˵ҪȥҴʦ㣬ʵڲȥҸʦ֡ʦ־͸Ǹɡ
Уô֪ļأ
ܾ񴦴ܡ
صġ
ֹô֪ʦõģʣʵǻԵȥʣ˳ɶû֪㲻ҹˣô֪ģ
ԥ죬ȴǻ˸˵ǡ
μġ
ҹߵ·ϵ龰ξݡ
μ׷ĵǣɱˣǱʦɱġ
̫Σϣɫ䣬˵Ŀģ
ȻҲƭ㡣ֻ֪λҩԼϷʲôλ̫Σϣʲô
˵գ̹Ȼӡ
ҧָüͷ
̫Σǰͱأƾһξ˭Ҳȥ̫Σϴӱչнг
ԥ죬̧ͷ֡
ֹαִһأϹ飬֪Ҳûʲôô
ֳĬˡ
֪ⲻ飬ǰľ¡ǷŲȥ
ҿˡ˵ҿǰҾȲΪҼȻˣܵҵְɡ
Ǹ˺պᴩֱɱ
ΪԪӤϡ
ӳĬˡƬ̣̾˵ҶȻǲŵġֹ˵Ҿš
ֹһˣΪξԸʦҵ֣ʦֶȻ֪ˣҲԹۡ
˵ȥʦʦǼʦõġ
֣лˡ
лҡ˲࣬δ񣬡ֹҲһƬ֮ĵġ
лӵĳ֮ġЦŹ֡
ҲգգֵۣҪлֹĳ֮ġ
Ůһļϡ
ȥԼʦ彪ͬʱȥһˡ
С֪ɲ١¥ʱǧСλʦܣǲʮͣѾ𵤵ּһ
ֱͷ
Ȼϲȥ˵£ǿԵġ
Ͼ֪硭
ֽһ̨ףӵͥԺУһʮ|վǶʱһ˫ɫ峺ǳ
ֺӽһ١һۣӱ˴˵п˲졣
˵ô
СʦܡЦЩǿôˣ
㣿ƽؽֵϣȫעؿ
ңһ㶣ҡʲô
᣺㡭ֳŵ
л˵

~


102 
ֳŵ
һʱ벻, ǺʱǳпԼĵӰز, ˣһηֱǰ˵һμʱһ¡
û뵽ûеȥʱ, һ·ҵ
˵
ҲЩλϤ˵Щʲô
ȴɨһӡ
ӼԾɿֱֵۡ
ȥʦˣСʦܣġ
ߵĸɴࡣ
뿪󣬻ֺֻ
ûжϻ, ֱ˵֪Ϲĵһι, Ǻ𣿡
һ㶣֪, Ц, 𣿡
Ц, oϵͽܣϹ
Ҳ꿴ʱ׽ǶԺȻкøһ
š֪֪, ʦΪҪ, ΪҪôĵض㣿
ֵЩ䵭, ûж⡣
Щ⡣
ΪԨ༫𣿡
˵ǲں, ܲΪڵЩѹܾ༫
ǣΪ㡣
ɴط˵ǡЩֿ⡣
ֻǸһ, ҪųǵκλҪ˽뿪
վԭҿjûؿ, ϿκεĶ, ĸϡ
ǲ, ûбҪֻϷŪ
ʲôǲҪųǣҪ뿪
ҲЩǣ
֪ĳϣӵʦ彪ʦиӴǸɸûкøУҲ˽º뿪
ʦ˵ȥʲôˡ£ǵҪȥ
ֳĬá
л㡣ǣΪʲô
ת°ڷԣɿȥ
ΪǺ塣
Ʋһ䣺ҿǺķϣ㡣ɱڲÿĵط㡣
̧ȥ
ȻĶԻЩ£ΪʲôӰѾ뿪ˡ
ֱ뿪ҲûüʳǰǼ¡
ֻصԪµʼ˼˵Ĺں壬ڳϿܻ˽½뿪Ϣ
˼ȥҲһܻᱻߵɡͬҲҲɡ
ϹΪԨҲڸԨķ̻Ԩꡭûдֵױˣ룬𣿻˵˵Ϊ
ΪǺ壿
ʱ֪ɱ壬˲ᡣǵĵһιǺ壬oйأûаݼڣҲǲԺʲôġ
һ͸˵
Դأ̾һȥڡ
ԨղδȥȪأǴ룬ڴ߿һ顣
˵£¶ǿ鶼÷飬Ʋۣջߣжһ¶һС
顣
ȹ˹ȥδԨĴСϣǱ鷭˷
ʲôʮ¡
¶öˣȻûǶϤģӹ˳Ԩݣȥ
˵ϹĪߣĪڳϸеԣҹмһУֱˮûͷ
ֶŶţԼ̲סһ
ҵʦȣһֻոȴ˿ǵô£ˮһգٴ̤Уһפ㡭ҷӡУ
ֶѾɻ
ܾλϵо֡
£
һλо˵²Ϊ
Ԩ̧еᣬЩ⣺ܻ飿
ʹԼܸȤижĵطҲᱣٵݶꡣ
ֻǽ̧°ͣҸɽ˺þõ飡һ鶼ء
е̳ˣ󲿷˵ǱȲġ
Ԩɽ֡ɫ΢
˵ǣʦŸǸӰɽɽ
ָյͷ뵽һ¡
ɽʱɽյԳ༫ţʲô
ʱãѾǲˡΨһܼסľǣԨɽƺʶġ
ʶ𣿡ԥ˰죬ǵͷС˵֪յš
Ԩɫ
ǶʮǰŪֵʱˡѰѰĵط˳ȥ޷ĵز
šԨԸἰ޷磬ֺ֪޷ʶȴûд޷õֵϢʲô֪ģе˹ֵټ
ļһ
ֿóԨɽʱĲ䣬ԥµûἰࡣ
ʵ˵Լɽѧ˺ܶࡣ󷨣ɽׯûʱŵʮѧϰġ
´λȥʦʱ˳ȥһɽɡ
ôһ룬˳ưѻ˻
ҽȥӡ
˵˴õϢ˵ġ
˵ҲҪĳǡ
ʱ̲סҧָ
ûиҸ࣬Щϲϲ𣿿Ǻ崴ġ
Ƚ֣ԨҪһЩ
ĬƬ̣˵֪ˡĳϣһȥ̽ڴ֮ǰ㵱֪
˵˵磬֣˵ʦ彪ȥ졣
˵죬ʳʲô
ӵʦҲǳϡȻ֪Ϊʲô㣬ûжġûƭıҪ
ȻˣõϢˣô˽ȥЩϿҪ֪𰸣ҲҪȥ彪ǴԼӵ˿գһ˵ܾίҲûб֪ǣȻҲģֻ˵ԼҪ죬
⵹޷ѾôƽѾûּУȥѳɶ֣Ҫľǲȥ̽ҵٲͺйصϢ
峿֡
һȥĵطǵһμĹϣ֮УĬСϪ˽Ų
ֿʱЩֻ࣬һɲǣЦˣȸ֡
ֹ
εĽѧЧ˻رһЩôҪĺôˡ
һžӨ͸ӣҪ֡
ָϽȥ˺ҡҡͷ
ҲҪġġ
Ȼ֪ʲôҲûԨԨ˵ĶûҪĵ
ǸСӣЦأСﲻϲĶЩСʦֶŮǣСӡ
ʵҲϲġҪֻسЦ
ҪͰˡ˵Ҳʲô¡Ͼӡ껰˵һЦЦ
ҽɲΪ˿һСӵġ˵ֱĺܺãԶֱˡȻˣǽѧġ
̲סʣҪѧòܰأ
룬ʵһ㣬ҵ޷ֻǵƺ㻺
ˡ
Ц˵ҸһЩѧ飬ûȥʵˣڿѧݲǣǾֱӽ⣬ǣǾͻͼ֮
Ϊ꣬ôáԥţôǲ˷ʱ䡣
ˬһЦԭ㲻صģ²Ȼ񻯣ҲȻתʱ䲢޷
ĬĬͷȻô˵ԨҲûʲôӦôѧᣬǲڼ졣
ֻļԨպ
ռȻ˵ҪЩҲûǰ׼һȥҸ顣
˵
ָҪͷӦ뵽Ļ˵˳ϣᵽһ䣬ʦȥʲôˣҲǧӦ
Ȼֻ˵ʲôˣֱӰҪθߵЩһˣǲҪ˽¸˼ˡ
ˡҡҡͷڴ˴ȹ˭ȥã
Цп֣ƮƮ
˹С塭ˣ˭ǺأȻƫġ˵ʲôʲôˡ
Сӻȥȡ飬רŷԸһʱ
ѧϰģҲûѧǵͬ⣬ջǶһ𡣡
ֶԴûںȴڼ䣬ĺܰҪ˵Цеģ۵Ǻϵϲá
ĺϲꡭ
״ƲʣȻǺ崴ģôûжһЩأ
ȴЦ̧ǵش˴ֵԴ
СǺ¶֪
֮µĺ尡ʣͿɽϺˡͰȥ硣˵ʲôɢ޵ĺܻ꣬δ󣬾ͱˡɱ˰ɡ
˵һʱĮ·ἰһʮֲԸἰˡ
Ȼֵȴ͵
ɱˡ
ģ˵ǹˣĿУȴǸˡ
֪˭׷ɱ塣
ˣЩתЦӯӯֻܹСǲµġ༫㣬ٲãϹҲԸ⻤ȫġ
һЩᣬЩСֻС
Ҳʮϵع֣лĺ⡣
ΣĿǰΪֹ¶ĶǺ⡣Ѿܲˡ
ϵصлûסЦ˳㰡Ǹ۵СһȻҲϿ˵ƫ㡣
֪ģϹĵһιҵʦˣǺЦҹҲвٺķ
ˬ˵һȥһ£
һ⻰۾ˡ
л
ɲƴǣΨһһܽӴĻˡӦظɴࡣ
˿̣ǱߵָǰֱӽһᶼС
ŷ֣ԭЩ
ƺδ˯ѣǳﻹЩ⣬ֻڰֵʱ˵һ䣺Щ˵Ϊʱ硣Ҫвĵطңҽ㡣
ЦŴȤҪΪʦĻȥ
ǰû̫Ĺζǵأʦʡġ
һЦˣǵͬ⣬Ȼûʲô˵ġλ˲ͬ⣬ǧȥִ򡣡
һ
Ŀȴֵϣ˵Ļסвģҡ
ֱһ飬Ŀ£е˼
ͷסˡ
Щܲʲôܡ
ֱӻ˻֣С֣ȥɣǵʱҾ͵ղˡ
ʱ㹻һһԨˡ
û⡣
Ӧĺˬ죬ҲܿصԪµ
˿̳ʱ룬Ԩĳţվڵڵ㱨ʲô֣蹰ֹ֣
ֿԨ
һ
Ԩϳϵ鼮΢΢°͡
ȥɡ
ǰ񣬵ʱŹˡ
ղȥ𣿡
Ԩֻб˲ٵ飬Լϵʾֽ鱾ϡ
ֱһ·첲еġ
ֻǱСӣѻôҲǺзġ
ºᶫᣬɢһӡ
ԨĿⲻСɨһ衣
ҡ¡
ֻôԨȻ˵ʲô̧ץһٷ˼ҳžһ鱾ϡ
Źֵؿ֡
Щģ
šҲִȡһʲôɨһۣ˵һ㣬ЩܲѧѧĻͻȥһѧ
Ԩеᡣ
ЩС飬ЩԥѾˣǾʱڵļʶЩȥ˽ġǡ
ѧ𣿡
ֵĿ⻹С
˵ᣬ˵ǻᣬҳ棬һҧͼ
ںֿġ
ûô飬ҪᱡĶࡣ
ѧ̧ͷ̹Ȼѧ˾ܰˡ
ᵽ꣬Ԩɫ΢΢˰
ԭˡ
ƺˡֽ̧е𣬺ϣӵϡ
Ȼˣһûѧϰʸ񡣡
վֱ壬°ͣã
ѧϰҲЩʱʱһ³ɹˡ
ԨվǶ̯˫֡
գգۡ
ģ뵽ܽظ⣬ǵƻͨҹɫУߵĿʦҪӵʱ
˵ѧϰˡ
˺мֻ룬̯˫֣ȴѡ
ӵӵԨ
ֲ֪ΪȴЩš
ͱϰ˵ģԨſ˫۵ģŵ̲סָ
ҪҪ
ʵڹȥԨӵߣǺ޼ġ
ңӺөʦҲͬṲߣӵ֮䲢δκαŤô˽űŤˣ
ֺǳࡣ
ضԨ˵š
ɫɫǳᣬѲϼΪֹһΡ
³һԥ˰죬һţ֡
֮ңûҿȥԨȥӵȴָ޷ڰգֵָץԨϡ
϶ǽš
ô죬Ԩ
Щյ˵Һ񡭡񲻸ұˡ
߬Ԩ䣬ǲ֧㡣
ԨŽǰüЩ޷Ȼ
޷̹Ȼӵ֡
ԨЦǰС뻳С
һֱ̣ǼȫԨϵϢ
Ϊ㳤ˡ
ֿԨĻУָۣ߬Ԩ䡣

Ԩ
С˵ÿ졣
ٵأҪһġ
ԨȴֱֽϵȫɨϣС֫˱
ϣδӦȴԨ۹ǰ
꣬Լ
ŷ֣ԭҲÿÿ졣
ֹˣȣҲЩ̺ġ
Ҳÿ졭ҧŴ۽üȾһЩΣҺˣ̡
ȥҽˡ߳ԵʦָĵҩҲ֪ܲܽһȡȵ̺ģҲЩκ
ԨȴĿ֣ϸ˺һĿתأȻֵ֣գͷͷ֡
Һøˡ
ֻκأԨ׽һЩرŤֵ
ʲô
У뿴Ķ
ԨЦһˣⲻֵҸ𣿡
һ㶣㿴ʲô
ԨֵָƤ̲סۣʱ۶Ԩ
Ԩᣬ˵ò졣
顣
ֻԨڵȫעһ˿ǳǳҵ顣
л˵
ˣ
ҵļʱڹȥӦû˱~


103 
飿뵽Щѧþ, Ҳѧϰչ
Ȼעȴ˵Լϡ
ҳˡ𣿡
ԡԨ¿֫վţͷ
ҿѧЩ𣿡
Сʡ
Ԩ뵽, ԥƬ̣
Щʺ㣬ѧġ
ЩźЩ鱾, װױһˣǶԨбĺܺ档
ѧʲô֪ʶѧӣȴԨĴ𰸡
Ԩ仰ԥ, ̾˿
ڽ̲㡣
գ, ŷӦԨľЩֽˡæ, Ԩ
һ, Ԩ˳ӵɿ
뵽ˡ
һüѧô׽ҡ
ִһ, ԼȹЩңۣԴ㵵̧ͷ
׽㡭⻹Ҫѧ
ָô˵, ת뵽, Ԩһӵ, Щ޴, Ҳ޷ٺ׽ˡ
ѧź׽
εؿԨڻˮ㡣
ԨЦžˣн蹫˽
ֹӲؿ֪ôĳˡ
ôһ, ǲܼȥˣְѵ鶼˻, ȴԨְס
㻹á
ַָָԼ˵, ҳˡ
ûгֶܿʱ򡣡˲ݾܾؽЩ
ֿ鱾, ЩżôȥȷҪ
ˣ²Ǳİ취ģҲ֪а취Űɡ
û˹֪ԨܵҪöࡣ£꣬Ҳ˵İɡ
Ԩ仰Ǹ˵ģ˲ǵõڳ༫رʱ˵Ļ
˵˾Ҫ뿪
µڣҲȲҪ뿪
Ԩûʣֻͳ
ôĿϣмֳأȴûмЦ⣬ҾáԸ
ôֵֹġ
־Щ֣Ҳûж˵ʲô
ЩãĽѧͲòͣҪһˡ
˵õĲҪȥ鶼ܿȻûвҪʡ
ְЩ鼮ȫװԼĽҡ
ȼȫȥ
ֽղȥصԼе£ֿʼż仭
ŻƬ֣űˡ
δţŰǴ򿪵ģŵҲִֻǰ̧ͷ˫󲽿ż˽
ʦ֡
˫ֱӽһֵǰ
˲䷴ӦǴʦġע
˵ǵϹﲻȡռеСɡȻȲֻСǣܹǺõġ
ͷһ仰˾ˣ˫һ䣬һƫͷȥǲ֪ʦ˽ºСʦö˵Щ
Ǹ̡
һ䡣
¶ҲϹķ˫õĽⷨȻѾˣֱӰ˾ǡ
ʦިһɴİ˾ǣȴ̾
Ҳ밡Ԩϣһ˵ûеЩʱ˻Ҫʲôʱ
һҪ˫ЩΪѣ˵ӣŮڶܾ࣬ǡ
ϸһҲȷֻֻѡһ꣬һʦԨһûѡֻ
ȥ
˫Ĭ¡
ʦ֣⼸춼ûм㣬ʲôѽ
춼ȥһԼʦǡһֱûʦֻ֣СʦżȻײմÿζһ֬㡣
˫˵
аȻѹֿʦ֡
ʦԸһȥȥҰ󡣡˫ԥƬ̣˵ҵȻȥһˣСʦ㡣
һȴǲ죺ʦôˣ
ʲô¡˫赭дòĵĹˣһ·׷޶ȴĮҲ·ˡ
֣
ʲôҪĸȥʦĹĲ˵һĳôҲԲȥɣ
ֻʦ˽ѵ˸Ͻ޶ȴĮһ˽ĵط֪ʲôΣء
ǶʦȥʦɡСʦ֣µģ˵ĵ
ڵȷšһһֶΣԺ񻹲ӦΣաСʦôΣҲµģܿ϶ܵĵ
ֶԼСʦֺġ
ỹԨࡣ˵ʼҲ޷ĸ߶ȡ
˫Ҳ֪ԼСʦΪԱްСʦڡ
Ҳ֮ˣǸɴ࣬ҪȥʦãͲʱ䣬һЩܿ뿪Ϲ
ʦ뿪¾ҪصʦŲŻټ
Ҳ֪ҪϹѧϰá
νѧչ
һ˵ȥѧýеνѧ
Ϲѧϰѧᡣîʱʦ飬ʱȥʳáĿγ̡
ȥʱ򣬸պǳʱ
һˣ˼Ҵǰѧõ·ͷ
˶һۣԲͷߣڳʱѧá
ĵӶŰ£Ͳʮĵʮ|ŶУ飬һһֹŰʦ֡
îʱʱмһӵϢʱ䣬ֺպǸʱִģҲʦڿΡ
˴ǰ룬ֱקһСԡ
ţһһ
źʣôڿΣ
ʦѧһ֮ôġ
ֳ°ͣ¾ͱۡ
Ǵ˯ˣ
Ƴһۣûᡣ
˵ѧϰ֮꣬Ͷ࿴ɡ
Ķӣͺ൱
Ůοɰ磬˴㳶һӣקһק㷢ߣ˴˵˵ţ§Ͱ˰ǽϣͷһᣬ˱˴ˡ
ࣶһ
һֱӰָˣȻڳĵûһ˾⣬ڽкãż
˵ӻľͼȥ
ֻǴŴǵѾʼ´ˡ
ֿͷСϷűʺֽֽдһС
ѧƸ
ˣɨֵݹСֽɨѧ֮еģһ䡣
ؾ֮·
ؾ֮·
־ţؾ֮·е㡭ϡ
ʱѧϰʱ䣬˺ֵֹܶĴʡЩǵദִ۽硣
ԭ˿ôǣǵţ˼ȥĵز
ſ˯ʱ
ʱ̣ԷۣͮͮһƬǱ˯ѹġ
߰ɡ
ָ˾䣺ȥ
ȥ档
ôһ䣬ֱӴִֵӵס
ͥԺеĻԣǶ˵Ⱥ˰죬ŵȵӡ
Ӽֵʱϸ¶ЦٿҲֵ࣬Ц΢΢һЩŵգۡ
Сʦôˣ
ۣƮƮ˵ô˵
ЩĬѿƫͷȥ
һ㶣˵ʲôӲǽ˵彪õϢôôһ̬ȣе֪飿
֣ãȻ˵ƭĻ
л˵
~
~


104 
ƭꡣ
Ҳһˡ
Ҫƭֿ, ɫЩѿϡƷζ
ӿʲôطҪƭġ
ƭСʦ˵Цˡ
ҧŴ˵Щ, ʲôƭֹġ
ȷûСʦûУ֪
˻һ, Ӱˡ
ҲӦˣҪƭĸӵʦ彪Ӹһµġ
ӶЩϹҲסͷȥĬ
Ҳ˵ʲô, һ, һ
˺, о֪ܶ顣, ȴԸΪǺΪ˻Լʦԡ
ʦҲẦֹ, ֹȥһˡ
죬Ӳһ̧֡
ֹ, ȥʦ, ʦʲôûи, ˵²֪ġֹȤ, ֹȥԸ㡣
˵꣬ӿ
Сʦ, ˵滰ƭɣ
Դ˲޷Ӧ
ƭûƭ, ԼС˵ֳ°, Ҫȥ𣿡
־ؿ˵, ҪӦκγ˽¼Ŀܣô
ֵȷЩԥġû֮ǰ˵Ƿ϶ȥ彪Ҫ̽һôһ˵ǸСĽĺ֪꣬ǰΣջҪꡣ
ҡҡͷ
ȥǲȥġ彪еϢҪ֪ġ
ͺѰˡ
Բ⡣
ʦ𲻹ֹȥ˵ֹԼҪ֪ϢôڿֹԽܣ
Ϊʦ˵ֹܲȥ취ȥֹȥֻʦĶǣû뵽ֹȻĲȥ
лʲô֪Ե
⡭Ҳ޷ֱӸӣҪĳǶ߾裬ֻԥ£˵Ҳһܵġ
ӺԱ˵ǸŪסˣ죬ɻؿ֣ô죬𣿡
϶ǲܵģҪȥ彪ûס῿Σա
£ֻѯʵĿȥ
յĿ⣬
ȥʦ壬ͣǶš
ǿСָյͷȻһǱĬ񲢲˵Уû˵δ֪Σա
Ǹֵļһ
ֵļһûκζ⣬ֺ΢ͬС
ӶԴûֻʦ𴫻Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪŪôӣö࣬ײЩ֪Ҳ֪飬Ҳʣֱӻȥת˼
ָصǿžʯϡ
˴աĶ
˵Ƿʮ|꣬ȴԵĵ궼޷׷ϵΪڴ˴ԼһƬиСŮǰػ˵ǹһʱ彪ʱΪ졣
ΪĳƲ
˴Ǻϴʱ࣬۵ľһɽȪٲһȪˮȪˮϼķʯש
ˮ峺ûֲκˮݣֻˮϵļƬҶ
һþ޴°һСų
ֺ£ⱻڵÿ˴һƬӰֻϢɹ˺
ִ˸Ƿ
ֵĺꡣ
·û˯ƵģִǷʱΪ˯ˣȴȻС˵ôһ䡣
¿ɲˡֵ˵ֵĺ꣬¶㹻˰ɡ
ҿû֡
ֲŲԼֵĺꡣĺˡд֡
֣ôôң
ͷ˫ǳɫܱ䣬û¶ȡ
Ҳ֪˺һԥԥ˵Ϊƫϲ壿
ˡ
·ԳƵЦ塣
һ㶣޷仰壬ỹҪ
᣿ֲ⣬ϹǺ彨˵ϲ塭
ֻϹĵӺȻԺкøУΪݵֱʿų⣬еӶϲ˵
Բᡣ
̾ˣСʣкǰڵģ
˵ûмˣϹûкӵġֻʮ꣬˵ü塣
ĺֻ͡
סˡԣǼ
²ֶʱԽܡ⡭ʲôõĵطΪһһ壿
ʱ仹硣·ڻʲôʱ򣬺廹ܶࡣ
廹ܶʱֲ²ǰֻߣǰ
ǡ
Сʣֻʮ𣿡
ôǰأ
ɫС
˭֪ء
·˾кȤ⣺һܡ
ֱͦ˱ܣյľʯһ磬һɫƮƮء
ѰʲôҪ£
ǿʮòãҲǸӢɣ˵ʱǡ
ֻĿɨֺȴǱһŻ¶Ц⡣
ֹҲڴ˴
ֻڵһʱλӵʦ彪
ʦ塣
ûӭţ
彪Ϊ裬Ц΢΢ס
˽̸ܿ죬彪ٶҲܿ죬쵽ָմվи彪ѾȻˡ
ԥ£ûж
ڿץץץһײߣֱ˼裬˵ǰ
ˣʦʲôԸ˵ˡ
彪Цζҵǲֹ֪ϵơ
̸ϡʦԸѧҵչЩ
ԭˡ彪Ҳ֪ǲ˵ܹûбǺЦ΢΢ףֹʵ飬Ÿ˵ײʣСмǰľҲʺϸ֪һ𡣡
ȴǽһΪҪֹȥԵɡ
ֶԴֻǿͿ˵鷳峤ˡ
㲻鷳ȻֹֻһˣҲΪľ³һȻϡ
彪Ų豭ЦЦ
Ȼ棬ȷǰľ¡
ü۲ϻ˵
ֹ֪ģҩԼʦɡϾҩԼʦǺ壬ֹǺܹеġ彪Ц
ֵȷҩԼӣǲֻں塣
峤ϣ֪̫Σǲɱĵӣ
üͷ΢ʱǸ⣬еĵӶһ˲ֵˣĻкԣΪͽ̫Σϡǻһܲ⡣
֮ԲЩΪôʦǰЩ˶ɱأҲĵӡ
ȷˡ彪·ڻ䣬ʦ£ʦŭ˽׷ɱʦĵȫնɱ
һ㶡
˽׷ɱ
ԣЩӷʦǰȰȥġǵ̬ͦã˵ĶС£ʲô£ϸС
Ȼһ̣Щǡȴһ
ָ˵ǵģɶ彪ߣһ㶣ҧŴû˵
𣿡ԥ£峤ϣ֪̫Σϵûָɱӵ˭
ʦ嵱ʱ˵Щ˽ºʦ㡣彪Ҳ΢΢üңʦǼʦжۣδ
δ仰ʱȻִ·彪ֲ֪ЩӣΪԭ򣬶ûȥ顣
ҡ룬Ϲ֮һǾͰˣôأ
ǹ⡣
˵ȴƿƤǹ˼ҹеĺӶߡ
һ㶡
ǹ⡭
Щı󣬾ǹ⡣
ڷ㶣Ľ͡
ǹⲻ֪𣿾ǰһɱǣʮڣʬʮѪɺӡ֮Щ˻ȫˣ˼깤һ⡣
žͲ
ɱʮڣ˻ȫˣǺεȲҵ顣
û彪̾ǹ˲֪ΪΣƺԺޣĴѰĺۼŨԨԴǰǹ˶ˡ
ҩԼӡСʵ
ҩԼʦ㵹ûбǹ˷֮֡ǰͺʱ뿪
ǵġзʱ˵ĺףʦɱҩԼ
ӵʦ̫ΣɱҩԼӣǺ뿪ġ
е˶ƺŲɣӺ彪˵ǣǺ뿪ˡ
ֹðһ𣿡彪Ŀ֣ǰľ£֪ʲôôأ
΢΢ۣҿμˣҼӣȻҪȥҵɱֵġ
֪һЩϢģֻܾг̫Σˡ
ϾɱЩ׷ȥĵӣ֮ȻһĿá
˵ֻ֡
ˡлֹĺ⡣ҼϡʦĲǵʱЩʦɱ˵Ļ˵ǸΣյ顣
彪Ƭ̡
Ҵֹȥҹʽ
ָҪͷԱߵ˵ô鷳ֱȥ̫ΣϾǡ
ʦˡ彪ѡ
ֻǱչأˡվܴʦĶƣʦ壬Ҫ𣿡
彪ԥƬ̣Σˣܵиȥеŭ𣬲Сȥ
ȴͬˡ
û뵽Ȼ֮ϲ
ȻûжһУִĺɽ
ɽɽ壬һߵɽ壬̫Σϵıչ֮
һ˸ûбһ·еִɽĶ
ʯΪֵ֪˶ãʯѾïʢżڵ
Ƽûа־η֮ģֱȥɨ
¶ʯ֮еһۡ
ȥ
彪̾һεĹҲçײܵȡ
δ䣬ʯŻ򿪡
һϢй
΢΢ü̧붴
˼䶴ֻδü࿴һۣȴͣס
ڶԵʯϣ֮ţһŻµġá
֮ϣϡв⡣
ü

彪ɫ䣬ϸǸãŵʣ̫Σʦ壿
һ㶣̫ΣϵĻ
Ѿٰꡣ
彪ȷһģ̫Σʦ壬ô
ּ彪ģȻʲôʣ峤ϣ˵ŵӶлƣ̫ΣϵĻʲôʱģ
˵꣬ȴ彪ɫǽӲۣһ
̫ΣĻơš
л˵
~˰Сʱ
ϼ~


105 
̫ΣѾһ, ĻʼšϹ˶Ϊš
ȻڱչصĶ֮Уʧȥ
ɲǼ򵥵顣ۿʯϵ, ǹͷϲһ˿⣬󱳷
Ϲĳϣιʦ, һλʿȻȻϢˡ
·ͬСɣѾܼġ彪ɫʮֲãΪڳΨһĳ, ֻȥͨŸꡣ
һ, , ʦ, һӦ롣
ŲҴ, ߽һʯϵãɫޱ䣬ȴ, ͷֺص˵ͷ
ֹ, з, ʱ޷д, ȻȥϢһ죬ǽѧƺ˵
Ȼӡ
ҾͲˡ
ֿ۱Χмã, 뿪˴˴
صԪµԨڴߵСϴ
һ, ͷЩ, ǰȥССԨ
Ԩ
Ԩ, ֻŵߡ
ʲôˣ
ƶ϶ʲô֪Ĵ·Ȼֲֻҵģ
ĳ̫Σ
˼ȥ֪ʲô˵ðżһ䣺һˣƶû𡣡
Ԩۡ
δǹļ
Ԩֲ֪˽ǹ⣬ֻ֮лûСǳҲһط˻깴ޣʹ겻𡣡
ԥ˰죬Сʣǻˣ
˵廹áǳ׷塣Ԩ񣬡ЩֶΣǹġ
뵽˵ģǰǹ˶йһЩɧţŪϹ䷳ĿľΪĺ塣
ʱĺ壬ֻҩԼһɡ
嵽ôǹˣϹŹ϶ɱ
̫ΣôһҲ֪ˡ
Щܡ
Ŀˣȴ޷ºæһ׶
̾˿
⼸ȥѧԨСȵһ꣬ʵϲûʲôã΢Щ
ԨͥԺȽи֪⼸û£
Ƚи󷨵жֻһ֪⣬ⲻȫȽиѧϰ
ѧúܴǳɽǶĲѧģƽûõʱΨһǵסģڵҶɾСǽ̸󷨡
Ƚи귢ԼСʦĲУҡͷץִ絽ѧϰ󷨡
һҪƾԼһ֮Ԫµһռص󷨡
صһּ룬Ƚи껹ϸϸͣ˵ǣռþ֪ԼĴ˵أ֮ء
һͷˡ
Сʦ֣ȷѧû𣿡
ѧҾ͸ߴʦ㣬ôʦιʦĳӡ˽Сʦֱֱ˵ҵСʦã󷨶ᣬһܶġܶŶ
ѹеͲʲô򵥵󷨣ƫСʦֻʲô츳Դ
ôǶʱѧġҲСʦһҪô˵Ļһԡ
Ԫµڣʦöѧϰ󷨣ԨУžƺڴߣʱʱ̿Ŀ֡
ʲôĿĿǿܸϻٶȡ
ٵһ򵥵
ʱҲָ࣬Сʦѧ죬ϹĵԪµ֡˵ǹѰʻ
ָԨҲӴ߷һԾһѡ
Ҳȥ𣿡
Щ⡣
ԨˣʱǿţһֱķάֵĻܡԨЩӣ͸˽Ӵ
ΪԨǲ뿪Ԫµģû뵽ȴһȥ
·ͬСɣٽ˽֮£Ҳ㣬㱻ʡ
Ԩɺܼ򵥡
ʵҲȷˡϾһˣȴΪǣ̫Σ£˲òעһ
˵ĻҲûƴǡ
˴ǰ
һǵһִϹʱ
ʱ֮л˲ٵˡ
ʦϣ彪ϣϣӣԼֲδǿеˡ
λ̯˲ٵĶƽЦģɫȴء
ֺԨ˹֡
ôҲˣʧԶӭ
Ҽһ·£ˡ
Ԩ˵Ǹûģһ˵ǣȻڳ˶װˡ
ԭˣ
רһϯλԨЩǸضԨ˵£ǣ˹󴦵ֹҪЩ£֡
ԨʩʩȻȴǶ°ֲͣ
һ㶣ʵ
Ԩôһ˵ȴǺЦĿϣ˵û⻰ȷҪֹġֹЩð֪ɷһ
룬ǵ˵ͷ
ˣǶЩʦãҲһЩ
Եġ
˵գſͿ˵ͷ
ˣǱˡɫأֹǴӺδ֪ҹǰľ£
һûֻܣϾһһʽѯʵĳϣҲ˵ΣӰ˵жϡ
Խߴ··ľͷ飬ϸ߸ꡣ
ĻɫЩ
·ˣǰﻹδޡȷֹе·
˵ϸڣץص㡣
ֹûĻʱʦ˵ǡʦҪɱʦ𣬲ʦ𣿡
ϸ䣬ȷģŵ˵ͷ
ûΪЩ˵ʦֻǴһС飬֪ΪʲôҪܡӲô˵ġ
ҧŴ˳˼
ûҼǵãȷôһ¡ֹȷǲСĴβо֮СһжǷġ
βо
һİĴʣȥԨ
Ԩֱӵ˵棬ȡһ
׵¼һ˲ĹȥŤ£صʱξγһоżȥǰĹȥ
ֵ˵棬۵һֻ񣬷ɵֵС
Ѿͣôǰֽ˼
ԭ
Ļһжܽ͵ͨ
ʦֹﶼ⡣ڣ̫Σϵ˭
ԡ·һֿͣʲôˣòԼ
ᵽ彪Ҳ˹֣ҺͰϡ
ǹ𡣡鵭Į̫Σʦ屻֮˸塣ɱ硣
ǹʱ̫ΣʦɱʦĿڣ彪⣬һǹ֮ˣö֮嵽ҹг壬óϵɱ˵ʱΪߵʦ㡣ʦ㡭
ʦ壬Ϊʲôһ룬ʦǲײʲôײˡ

ô֪ʦ㵱ϵɲ硭彪˵һ룬ƺŲ̫׵ȴǻ˻ȥ
ȴ̾˿
ˣѾǹģ̫ΣʦϣҲ˽̫ΣʦһЩºֱ뿪֤ѾɣҪٻһۡ
˵ţ񰵳
ԱҪǺúòһ飬ǰ̫ΣʦӴˣǲǵʲôʲôˡȥ
Ͳˡ
ôأͷֻܿĴ˶˵ЩʲôһҲ
֮ͬ˵Ҳˡ
Ǵ
Ҳ˳˵ȥ롣һǹˣѾ˼ΪĳϣֻɱһΪڵĵӾ뿪ⲻ
ֻǷʦ죬ص㡣
ֹ
̧ͷԼĻˡ
Ϳ˵̫ΣʦɱҩԼʦ㣬𣿡
ֵ˵ͷԡô˵ġ
¿ɾ͸ðˡ
˾䡣
ҩԼʦǺ壬ֹҲǺ塣
˵ˣȴǸ
һ̬û٬̬ȣɫ΢΢ףֹͬķʽ
ЩΡ
ָ˼˵Ҳ֪
͸Ԩȥ˳༫壬ûЩ޼Ķࡣ
ͬηֱ棬Ȼ֪
뵽λͿԥ£˾䣺ǼˣЩоġ
ˡ
깰˹ֹ֣ȥһ£ҩԼĶɡ
ἰɫЩ΢
ҩԼʦġ
ʦʲôֹҲǺꡣ
һƮƮ˵˾ֹΪĵӣͲҩԼʦõĶйˡ
ΪʦҩԼʦĶˣС˵ס
˵˵ȴ˼˺һȴŤͷԨ
ˣֹ֪ɷһĵ
ԨŶˣδת֣Ը𣿡
ԥƬ̣ʣǺ⣿
ɫء
ΪֻгΪĵӣȥȥĶ
ȥ塭ҩԼĶЦϹкĴںۼ
ֻĶģ΢΢ͷĻԵġֻҪʱȡ֡ǲӰʲô
Ȼˣֹĵˡ
к֣֣Ҵȥһĺ塣
л˵

Ҽӿٶȣ
Ŷ~
~


106 
ʦ, ǡ
ڲŲӸֵࡣһҪǵӡ
ֺ뵽˵ģҪʦ˽¼ˡԼôվ, Ӧ˵ްģ
ֿԨԥ£˵Ҹȥһˣ
Ԩ΢΢ףҵ㡣
δҪһͬǰȥ
Ͼ˵, £Ҫֹһӵݲܴһȥ
̬ȾͺȷȻ֪ʲôʲô
ֵ仰, л㰲ӡҲȥӦûʲôΣհɡ
˵⻰, Ҳ̾Ҫ뿪һ
ƹĸʯ, , ȥ, ֱִ̧󷨡
󷽳һ޴Ľɫӡ¡
꽫ǽɫӡӡĵӡ, ˿С
ɫӡʧ, Ťһǳһ, дһš

, ̤š
ֱȣȴǱһ¡
ҵ󡣡
˵
ֻм䣬̤ǿš
ȹȥ˲, ǰһ
겻ȣһ΢ͷۻ, оԼĽŲںδƮƮ, Ư
ι
ֱ۱ץס
һֲŻعԼվһ̨׵ıԵ, ЩһŲȿաҿץס
Ѿ̨ףߵһľ롣ƺδ£ûͷߴֺ
ϣ̫
³һллˡ
ոոԼվںδЩôˤˡ
ɿ֣˼
ʦ𡭡ƺ˵ʲôʲôҲû˵ֵһ߹̨ס
ƹȥһع
ֱ´ڵϣ߼䣬²
˴عΪḻǽϹŲٵĻһۿȥͼмɽӷ羰
ع֮вٵĲ·ÿһһš
ŲҴңߵһǰŻͷֺжξ룬Ρ
ǿ㣬˴˾
֪ˣʦ𡣡ȻӦӿ˽Ųͬʱ֣Ҳ㡣
ʦֹ˵һ˵˴Ϊβ˾ɡ
ɫӡǣ
˴ȥĵطǶˣױʶϡ
ɫƿţ˵ʲô¡
ֲ֪ʶʲôӣβо֮Աһ£Ų³ʲôӵġ
ȷɾ
һ˴šһȺǰפ㡣
˴Χܸɾֻű߹һơ
ҩԼ֡
ƿš
ָżкСֻԼһҴ󡣶˴·ĵңԾߣг׵Ĳߡ
᣺ǽϹһ
һŰµŮӣֳɡںЦٻ⡣
ֶá
ʶ𣿡
ʡ
ֲʶǿȻ֪˭
ҩԼӰɡ
ƶ˵
ֻһˣκֿŻܷǻˣǸ塣
Լ֪ô֪ġ
ûҩԼʦ㡣Ѿڵвһ㣬˸ɨֿǸͼЩЦ⡣
ҩԼʦ㡭ҽӴĺˡ
ӱƱ磬ıġ˵ţȻЦЦʱǿüĺβЩǸ塣ĺ塭ܺˡ
Ƥϵ֬ɫڻѾԲСѪβǶָ߽ʿ˵ԭͻǺ׿ɡ
ţȻǺʹӱƱıĵĺɡ
ĺ壬ֻʦ𣬻ֻŻô̡˵գ̾˿ˣ϶ˡȻʲô壬ܹ޹ϵġ
˭֪ء
˵Ĳ֣ȴǽϵͼƬ̣ĻζЦ
ЦЦƽģ峺а
֡
̧֣ȥϣһϻӡ
ҩԼʦġΪֻǺ뿪δﴦЩͣǺ壬򿪿ֵܷܲʲô
ǰȥϸϻӣױƺвСϻֻһûԿףͬҲûԿ׿ס
δĶ𣿡
Щԥ
δ˵̹ȻֻҩԼʦǸˣлһ졣ĶȥҲ˵ѾûˣΪ࣬ڴ򿪿Ҳ޷
ȻԣȷûԿ׿ףҲǸͽȥҲܴ򿪡
ָ飬ȥ
ͬ򲻿
˼Ƭ̣ȻڵҶɾʱСǽġ

ֵָȼһӫ𣬻ֿûԿ׿׵Ȼ䡣
ȻҪġ
Щζ
ǹûк˲ôʦ𡣡
һ࿴Уֳ򿪿ʱꡣ
ȷŴ񰵳ҹûһֻ壬֪ҩԼʦɣҲ޷ҩԼʦʲô޴ӵ֪
ãˡ
ϹʱĺˣЩ£ܼˡ
ִϻӣδƸꡣ
Щ죬ЦЦҲ̫СĶˡ
Ȼô˵ԺֵľٶͷϻӣóһӰ飬һţһ
ʱֺһ͡

ЦʧŴ֣߬죬ȥȴǷš
һĿʮпգ۵һƬŭ
ˡ̫
һƻ䣬ʱ´ӣôڴؿڴ
һ㶣ǰǺϾģ⣬ûŭ⡣
ҩԼУȷʲô
ǷŴӵϼ
ʦαضŭȥˡ
ȥ꣬ûзָץӣָףǹ⣬ˣʦڣˣ
ǹ⡭ǹ⡣
֡һǿ侲ţҲԿ
αظȥˡ
ȴͬ⡣
Ǻ壬֪ġ
ųĬ죬Ų鲻Ըصݸ֡
⿴ⶼǹȥľ£ҪΪЩ¡Ӱꡣ
ִ̬лסҩԼӵţžһеĿˡ
Ƿš
ֿĺϸ
ÿһÿһֵĬȥ
дŵдһֺ֣ɵأд;Уƺˮοīۣ󣬱ʼҡ
Ȼһждʵдա
Ĭţ·𿴼ǰҩԼӣڱĽ£ĴӱһЩʱգβЩȴгһձ˷֡
̶һţȴҩԼƴµࡣ
̫ΣٶǰЩʶҩԼӲ⣬ȴڷ̫Σǰʱʱδǹ۲ʦĲͬЩ쳣Ϊȫ¼
۲˼꣬ʦƽûвֻͬᾭĺӣҲǰٰշȥ˵
ֱʮļҩԼΪ壬ȥһιЦ룬ֱǸʱҩԼ֪ʦ̫ΣʦЦ壬в֮ġ
ʮ̫꣬ΣڼʱͼҩԼѪȥ򿪽֮ţδ˿ѾҩԼǰ¶ֱαҩԼиɣ֮뿪ļ롣
ʵҩԼ˽ңÿʮȡѪȥ֮̽š
ʮʱڣҩԼŪࡣ
ʦ̫Σѱǹ֮˸壬ĿģΪõЦĺꡣ
̽˵ܣҩԼȴѾ޷뿪ĵزֻܼ˳ӣһӰ飬һţԼ
ĿҩԼԼ²һǹʦĺһͺйصĴ¡޶ֻۣ²ǳҲԺɱģ֪󣬻Ц꣬ӻҺ̡
ҩԼ֪ʱղ࣬ޣӰһö֡
Ųȴÿһ䶼ֺ󱳷
ǰǹѾʼɱ壬λҩԼѣȴҲ޼¡ĺ壬Ѿ֮١
סﵽǻʹ̣ǹҲɢ
֮ȴΪʦҩԼ࣬³ʦ𲢷ʦɱ֮ȻҩԼȴһٵĸ˽ϢûңÿʮȡѪ̽ء
ֱ
ҧø졣
Ҿ˵ʦôôģÿʦȥʦ棬ҪţԭԭȻҪʦĺ꣡ɶɶ
ȴۿ֡ɫŴڽǷ۵
Ӱ顭Щɬ𣿡
Ҫۿôһ£Ӱ飬ע
̶һ˲ɫ䡣
ӰڵľֻֿܿסĿڣüͷ
ʦ𣬸ҿ
ֱ֣ҪӰ顣עܿ쿴գֱӽӰ
ֱΪҲܿȴӰ飬Щ졣
㲻ܿҲЩǹֶΡŵꡣ
ԼµӰʲôĲ

ǹ⾿ͺʲôԹȻǳɱ¾ЦǶȥӶꡣ
֡
̧ͷعʱѾƣࡣ˫Գܵˡ

̧
˵Ŀѧķ༫꣬𣿡
ףȻǡ
á
ޱ˵ԵķϻҲ˵ˣҸķֻһ㡣ҪЩ飬༫飬һУ
ûиԨ˵ܼһԨĻȥӦС
áַ̧ŶͷƬ̣ʱ¶˾ġ

Щţ֡
һöŵֵġ
ұֻѰ˫ޣȻˣֱӽ޷ҲǺ츳
ҡ
ƣЩķңѧЩ
ƺЦЦ߰ɣҪ˵صĲʶס
뿪عֻصϵһɲԼ嶼ָ¶ȣŲڵع֮У䡣
ɫĲãԨһ۾ͷ֡
̧ĶͷʣôˣƳɫõꡣ
΢΢ҡͷû£ֻǹ⡭˵һ룬֪ôǹ⡣Ǳɱ壬ͼЦĺ꣬ɱº塭

Ī֣ȷЩ·
Ҳϻֱʵ
ֹǺ壬ܱ֮ӻĵطǼֻ֮Ϲ
ӻ壬֪ɷһ
Ԩǹĸ֣üû
֡
̧ӻ屾⣬ֻ뻤һжвԵɨƽ
һ㶡
΢΢°ͣʹˣɱǹ⣬Ը֣
л˵

ϼ~


107 
༫ж, ֮´СŶ֪ġģ˵һйɽйһһԪӤʿ, ϱѹ
㣬һʿڳ༫ǰƺҲû̫Ļء͵³༫Ϊ֮˸ǵš
ֱ༫˵Ϣ¶
Ϊ, ҲȻҲˣҲγ˳༫һαΧ
༫ȼ𣬸˶, ༫ԼŶס, ǡ
ȻһеĲ², Ϲ޹ˡ
׶˳༫˵, Ҫɱǹ⡣
ǹĴСصһǱɱʮɵ޼, ҲСûκεĹϸ
Ψһɱ塣
Ǿˣ˭֪ǳ
һԺͳ༫Σ
༫ǹ⾮ˮˮҲû˻ȥļ˭ʤһ
ȻԨĻĸ֪һ顣
ǾǹСѾˡ
껹ʲô˵, Ѿǰһϵ, Ӧرˬ졣
, ͳ༫ͬһĿ, Ǿǹ⡣
ڴ֮ǰֻǵȥѺ츳ķѧˡĲ˵ܵԨȰá
ֻصԪµĲ, һöƵС
ɢĹ
Сϴ, ̧ע
ֱ, ϸڵķ
ҡ츳, ȴִδӴء
ʶӭ꽻ڡ
ѧķֻڼô˸֡
ķĿġ
ʱŷ֣ԭһѾһһҹ˿̴֮ʡ
ԥƬ̣ǴĬķ
ֻһһҹʱ䣬ֽķż죬Ǵ˿ȥԨĻҲõ
ţϴһϵĽңȥ
Ԩȴڡڵʱ衣
ʲôֺЦ˸
ֹ
Ԩأ
轫еĶ˳ϣظҪ¡
Ҫ£ѵǶǹļƻ
ֺܺ档
Ͼ˵ǹĴںܡɱǹ⣬֮ĵҲǹ⡣
ǶǶĻ飬ⶼһΣյĴڡ
ϲǹ⡣ܽƺһܲ顣
ֲδֱȥԨȥСʦ֡
Ƚи첢δУҲȤֻ˵õ˺츳ķʱȽиſʯЩԥ
СʦãҪĵ𣿡
֪СʦֲϲԨ˵ʦ֣ʦ㡣ԨӴʦˣϲ
΢΢ףҪġֻܿˡ
Ȼ㶼ˡˣǾɡ
ȽиҲֹֻ̾˿СʦãҪסķķǾˣɱմ鰡
Ȼ֪Сʦôôѣ֣µص˵ͷ
õġ
ԨǶֱӺС
Ȼҵȣȵ˻ƻ֮ʣֲŵȵԨ
ԨȽģĵΡ
ѾĵͥԺеĻݽˮſϴŷ硣ڵȵĽŲŴһԾ¡
Ԩ
۾أѧķˡҿҪˡ
ԨʱЦ⣬˵仰ʧ
Ƭ̣µ˫ûκΰ
Ầ㡣Ԩ񰵳һҺ͸߹ˡ
һ㶡
кȷôһ£ԨΪǾ仰ֻǻ˵ء
ѧķôŸ֮ǰ˵ģ˫޸ﲻ
ΪʲôЩ˵ԡ
Ϊַ֪䡣
Ԩ죬Ǻɫķ˿̰·̾һţƤϵĿһ㡣֪Щɫķѵʱ򣬻Űʱ
һ㶡
ǰʱķ䡣
ʵδֻЩŰ£ԨѰ
ָ˶
Ԩһ۾ͶС˼ָԼµ˵㣬𣿡
Щԥ
ʵȷһһ䵽ʲô
ļ
ֱ֣ڶƵġ
ûС
ЦۺϷʣ֮ǰǺǸˡ
Ŵ֪Ԩ˵ʲôմѧҪһġһԨûκ뷨ڡָ첻Ǹ֡
лء־ܾغܸɴࡣ
ԨҲδǿǿ˹롣
֮¼ϵģܿ챻ء
Ԩ޷ܺ˫
һ˱ܴϢ
ְװ׵ôãջϲһ۽üҶš
ҲУǻô죿ѵֻôһһʮ꣬ꣿ
Ԩֵĵ䣬ҲΨȷ
żҾҲᡭԨ˵ηһСߣȴ˻ȥ
ޱ룬ǣηġ
Ϊǣҵ뿪
̾˿
ˣңԼ侲侲
ĻѧЩǶù
ɲС
ִҴһ䣺ȥ
ܸбİ취ģ
ִֵʱӵڳ
ɫĮںΧκһˣĿɢ񣬷·𿴲κˡ
ֱСܵӰ֣۵׿ʼֹ
֡
վǶܽ
ѡֺʱоر΢Ŀİأ
ţ߰ɡ
Ҳֱתƿţȥ
˿ѾˣǼλ϶Ųˮó֮ǰвٵˡ
ƹĸʯ磬ȴǴҲڵ
ʦ𡣡
ڴ⺰һ㡣
֣
ܿڵ̧ƿؿ֡
ͻȻңʲô£
һʣ˫ޣô
֪Ԩķ϶ǲܸ߱˵ġֻôʵ
˫ޡǾް
شȻԼʶ㿪ʶڣȺ˫Чá
ֻñ˽ʶޱؿġ
겻֪뵽ʲôֵ̧´˼š
λˣλĵʶʶڡȷ첻ˣҶûмܳʶڵء
ЩǸؿ֣Ұﲻˣ
ֵõ𰸣ЩĬ
л֪ˡ
ˣȻˣǾ͸պãҪҲûԴġЦ֣ҪԼѡһʦ
ѡСֶԴûԼ
ҵ뽫Ϊͽܣôһλ˲ƽװһ˿ɲ׵
껹˼ȴ˵˾䡣
ˣҸʦҲԲġ
ʲô˵ǣͷˣͱ𡭡
Ǻ壬һιЦҲǺ壬Цʦoϡ赭дϵĹͽܡ
oϡ
ֻڷأѾĥˡ
Сӿ룡λo㶼Ұţβʦ𣿡
ȴ񵭵Զ
ҵ롣
֮£϶λo˰šһڻؾ˾ӣûʦ𣬺ŵһ㡣
ѣʦûŵӡ
ȴЦˣƮƮֱֵġ
ǸáΨһһûʦŵӡء
ΣҲ˿
ûʦûжѹˡ
¾ö־ͳΨһһŵӡ
ְȷԼˣҲȻˣҲˣ죬Ҵȥط
ʦ𣬼ǵýҡ
䲻һ䡣
ζɨһۣôĻȻԡ
Щʦͽദģʽ
꿴û̫ԵľηΪʦ꣬ԼͽܵɢҲϡ
ʦͽʦʦʦֵദҪɢ
ִصԪµʱҹĻ١
ȻһˣǵûиԨҵµİ취
ɫЩĻͷüġ
ڵſڵԨС
ʵǲûбİ취ˡ
Ԩֲֻ֪Ϸóִţȥˡ
ʵˡ
ֹӣ̧Ԩ
˵һӣ˵
ŶбķӣԨȤ˵
˵ҵķޣҪʶҳ״򿪣ҽȥķ޲С
˵ŶЩɥվǶͷ̾
Ҳ˵ˣûһ˿Խʶ˳״򿪡
ԡ
ԨشֵĻ
һ㶣̧ͷף
Ԩո˵ʲô
üЩȾһ˿Ц⡣
˵ûֲ²Ԩ̫˽⣬͡
ֻ䣬Ԩȴɵسü
ǱˡҶ㣬ޱ
ʱҵʶ
л˵
~
~


108 
ԡɡ
ֵõ, 𾪣ϸһ룬Ҳ⡣
Ԩֻڼٽʦƭʱ
һ̫ˣ
ѵüȾϲ, ץԨקߣȥ
ԨѵõĴקػ˻ΣȴֵĶͷ
ôļġ
ԨЦ⡣
û, ˻󣬾Ҷˣǲ̫ˡ
Ҳ֪Ҫڶలȫ½СԨĻ֪ԭҲҪһҪġ
ȥСʦ֡
һ, Ԩû
ֽŲҴҾȥ˲Ƚиȴڡֵ˺óһʱ, ȵҹ, ſԼСʦžƺС, Ϲһĺ촽ӡ, ̵ػ
Сʦֵ֡Ƚиһŵϵ֬ζ
ӴڵѽȽиſͥԺе, æ¿ּ
Ů޽, ̸̸, ʱ䡣
ȽиЦеشӻͳһ֬ݸ֣Ƕ˵õ֬˵ʦֲ, ҿǺòײһȥ档
ֽӵ֬, ûסЦЦ
лСʦˡ
Ů޶е֬Ҳ١ǵһк֬ءȥһ, ֬ôá
˵˵, ʲô£
ȽиСʦ, ɿʡ
ֻںػ֬УСʦ˲ԼĿģȽ֬С
Сʦ֣ҪԨ꣬˵Ҫ󷨣Ҫ˻󡣡
ţȷˡȽиһͶˣ˵£û໤ֻ»¡
Ҫǻ󷨰ɣ²ѡȽи˵Ҫһܻסλĵ󷨣ҪʯҪһٶš
ʯֻǵã֮ǰԨһžʯ⾧ʯ̺֮ʯİٱ
ӽͳһٿžʯ
Щҵģȥá
Ƚи꿴ô׾ó˰žʯǳ˳飺㵹Ĵ󷽡
ЩպáȽи룬ֱԼȫˣö֮ԸЩţʦŸ㡣ȻȥҪ
رдʣЩľģҪ󷨣ֻԼǮ
ֿóСʦϵļ֡ԥ£ǵͷðɡ
󷨵øʱ䡣Ƚи˵׼׼Ҫ״̬ȻﲻԼˡ
ԥƬ̣ȽиʣˣҪ˫𣿡
ȴҡҡͷǺ˫ޡ
Ƚиһ㶣Ǹ𣬾ڲ䣺ޡ
һ̣ȽиҧޣⶼУ
ֻûǵ˵Ƚиżֲ֪֪˳еȷ꣬޷궼ˣ˵ʶصֱ𣡡
ϵ΢΢ϥԼСʦԵøߴһ㡣
ͷģ
ԨĻ˵ֻȻӦˣôӦþްġ
ȽиĥǡӴ󣡡
˵ףԼͬˣȽиҲû̫ȥԤľǰãڵӰǡ
ȥǸĵҪپʯȽи˵첻Ҫʱ䡣
һСʦֵɫ֪ûҿʵʵ˵ͷӦ
ҲûߣСʦϰΡ
̶̼ʱ䣬ֵϰȻû̫࣬Ҫ˵ǽôʱôó±Сʦֱ¼ǿѧϰ
ֲòһԨ
ڲʵʵѧϰһҹûۡ
Ƚи˵پʯð죬ԨĽвǮơʯ࣬ʯ֮õϾʯĵط٣ٿžʯװ˸СֱӸ֡
ֵʱΪٿõģȥСʦ֡
Ƚи굹ٿžʯһһأǾӨ͸ģԣڣŴҲܸо֮е
ȽиپͲϼˣᡣ
ʣľʯԶٿŻҪࡣ
Ƚи겻òϣĵԼСʦûǺܴ󷽵ġ
ǧžʯҲ˵͸
˾ʯܹһ缫ǿ󷨡
󷨣Ҫ㹻Ļˡ
Լһǲ
Сʦá
ȽиЩʯԴзɿ칹󷨵ĳΣԼСʦá
Ҳû뵽Ԩôྦྷʯ϶Ѳµģڵˡһһؼ
ţ
̧
ң˻󡣡Ƚи󷨵ĽǶҪлˡ
ĸˣԥ£ǳСʦ֣Ψһһõľ˰ɡ
ϾǶԨĹΪûа⡣ɳСʦֺ裬ˡ˵ʶҲû֪֪׵ˣ»ܽ˭
е鷳Ƚи°ͳ˼Ǹϵͦģͽܣʲôţ
뻹ǽһ£ϵͦ
֮Ĺϵ˵Щ΢ǸֵĴڣεġֻ·ڿź֮ľ룬ʼձһĽޡ
νˣǸһӦÿá
ҲûзĻӦǿԵġһʣһλá
뵽ӡʶˡҪ˽´ȥ彪ºҲʼԥǷţ
ǳӣټҲûм
ݶλǱ¶Ը񣬰˵ǺʵġϹĹˣЩ̫ʡ
ôһѡİָΪסˡ
ڴ֮ǰȥһ
ȥŷ֣ƽﶼżȻרȥҲ
ķգƽպѧĵطҲӰżȻ˼ӣָȥȥ
֡ǸҪŴִܵĵط
ֻǲ̫ϲˮִʱں߳˺һѯ·߾ʿȥ񴬡
͵һȥʱһϣֻԶִ֡
ϲĻ֮أĵڶࡣżȻЦʺá
˴λþ͸ˡ
ʦڶǧϣֹ߶ʮɣԼܼˡ
мӺذָ·ֽʡ˲Ѱ˵ʱ䡣Ŷ˶ʮɣǶһþֲŷƮƮԾڣڷӵ֦Уϵ
Ȼҵˡ
ϻвҶ
ֿЩС˯մҶƽﾭġ
мҪæ
ҲϻֱӽԼ˵
û⡣Ƚֵĸɴ࣬Ҳ䣬䣬״Ӧ
ֽĸѡ
Ȼͳ༫λĸҲҪ˵ĺܼ򵥣ǣĸ⡣
˵ĻҲ˵ùȥ
ſ󷨵⼸λΪڣȷ˰ĵĴڡ
ż𣿲żĻϿһ羰
ϣһƬҶҶƮƮţƮˡ
ֵͷȥкԶľ룬ȴܸġ
˴źܸɾ沨ԣֻǿκγˮݣɾľǴһ̲ˮ
ֿһջ
ôϲƬ
򰲰ǶƬһ
һʱּҪ˯ˣűƸ첲
߰ɡ
ȴһ뿪
ʱͱĵˣһҴȴЩС񴬣ֱͷȴϥϥǡ
ںлλ߿
֡
ԶȴẰ
ţ
ֺؿ
ǳɫеӳźеԲ⣬
Щ뿪˴
Ȼ֪Ϊλô˵˵ǺУˡ
л
л
лعͷ΢΢ü
ʲô֪лҡҺ㣿
룬̹ȻسЦЦҾûκζ⡣
ȷ˵ģǶжĻԼ
Ȼ֣˵֣Ǵӵһμ浽ڣûиκζΣյĺۼ
һ˵Ϊȫˡ
΢΢üͷȥ˵ˡ
˴׼뿪ǰŲ˵ͦõġסֻҡ
ֽһ١
סˡ
ߣȽиǱҲеĺ˳
һζ
峿׼ˣСһ²СһС裬ԼԵñֵģʱ׼䡣
ʱȽиٸʯ󷨣Ԫµ֮С
ʱһ̣Լ
ˣ˶ˡ
ֻŵĬķ
ԨƿţʼԺصߣĿƬ̶ûз֣Ц
㵹ǽš
Ԩ̧ͷɰͰ͵˵㲻𣿡
˴ſɵˮɫ䴹Ųֱ۲飬ü
ţšƽһֺЦôôͽŶֲմߡ
ֵĽűԨĵߣôҲŲˡ
̧ա
ʼɣ
Ԩɨˡ
ȽиƺֱСʲô蹧˳վһ࣬ɨʱǵȻܿ챳վӦվŵλãǻ
Ԩջߣ΢΢˲塣
롣
ȴһ΢ĿǶ˵
ִż󣬻պϡ
ʰãĴ᣷£ĸɸɾ
ֺԨ˴˶ӡ
츳ңҲǵһʹãòõĵطԥ˰죬С˵ΣյʱǵһҪҡ
ԨԴ˲ÿɷ񣺡ʼɡ
һ̧֡
ǳɫ
΢΢ۡ
񣬱Ԫһ
ҡ
βɫĺβȻ˵
ʶ˳Žյ֣𽥿
ײ
Ԫµһɫ⡣
ĬĬעŴ˴һС
Ȼһ̣ķ򣬴ɽѰĺ
ʱĳ̫𽥱鲼ĺڸǣ֮лŲĺɫ
֮Уλһɳ̤ŸʵʯۿԶϮĴ
ҧݣȻˡ
һһĹǱŤơ
Ƚиɫ΢䡣
УѾ˼ΪŨĹ
ǡ
ſ𽥱鲼ĺɫ
ۣȴζ̾һ
Ȼ㻹ǰˡ
֪ʲô
ȽиһΪš
ġ赭д˵ǹͰˡ
Ҫսһˡ
СһȻǸ鷳
żԪµ֮С
ֵԨײһ
һ˳ҵԨʶ
ʶһѧĺͯһһ㿿
ţʼûаֵֿͬ˵ȫȻʶ
Сأʶ
Ǻڰģ޹ģҲһƬġ
˳Ƭ֮߰ߣںڰ֮в֪˶ãڿһ˿
ò׿ǴȴһƬССĺž޴ҶҶ˯һֻɫСꡣں࣬һƬ޴ҶϣһѪ˵Ŀˡ
ͫһ
˻ۡ
˵úأЩ
ͷһԭԨʶһ죬ѵĿˡ
һ
Ǳ˴˵ĳʼ
˳¶һǳЦݡ
ˡ
ֻ߽һԾǾ޴ҶԨࡣ
ţˡ
л˵

ȥ


109 
ɫҹĻ١
Ϲٵ, տҰ֮أ½شɫʿ
Щʿڶ֮Уò, ÿһɫ棬ɢ΢ɫ⡣
ЩʿҲаڣۼĿҰ, 徻֮سȾ
⣬ԴɾֻԹľ̼䱻Ⱦл, ̲ݵҲһһݻơ
ʿǴĴ, ĵضЩʿ
Щʿɢ, ӽ, Ϣ˶ġ࿴һ۶һֶ۾衣
ϹСʿͳͳ˺, ˺ɷĩ
ʿ̹ûڵĶ⣬޷ܵߡ
ǹĻɫڵĻ˰ɣǵĵۣ
ĵӺֻйӴ, Ը࿴һ, ĿⶼûЩʿͣƬ̡
ʿǱִ̼, ϯźɫķ, ӭ
ӲδǼ֮࿹
Ĵ򶷳, ڵĵӣҲƴ
, ͷһαŴ, ۸Ƥ
ϹӸ޷̵ġڼĳȻλ֮Ȼİ, ֽӽ¶ļһİǡ
һѾȥӭսڶѾƴ
ֻǵǾ˼İȣ֮Σ뿪ʦС¡⻹ͷһϴ˵ȴ¡
ţ̼޷ļ١
ձɫĹ֡
԰ټƵϹ
ǵģްģĹǺʿѾ
֮򶷿⣬Ӵһֹϣǻǵȡ΢ЩصĴǷֶߣϽЩʴĵϻȥ
һ룬ϵĶĽ𵤵ӡ
оӡ
ʿȻ֮ӵĹ֮ݲΪƫ͵ĵӸ޷ֵ
ֳˮϴөʦֵөө⼸ӵķӲЩʿĽɢ
𽥼
ȻԺʿ̫áǸ٣ֻùĵͽ׵ӡ
Ҫһޣ
өѾԼıǽʿ˵¹֣԰ټƵӡٱʴǶٸǵĵĻܵӰ졣
ޡӻֻ֮뵽ˣʦ壡ʦȻˣ
ʦںδȥ
Ҳ뿪ֻһͽ׵Ӽȥ볤ǰ
󷨣˸ϣʦóģԸ˼ڣʲ
أСʦںδ
ө󺰵
өөײ䶷ɱ޷ɴ´ɱС
˵֮У˭óɱУֻСΪߵͬͽ
֪ҧأ Ϣ͸ģǳס
ڳǺǰ֮ǰÿ֧š

ֲҹ
Ԩʶ֮УֲʱţֲԼںδ
Ԩھ޴ҶϣһΪˡ
ʶڵĻ壬жֻۼ֪Ԩжܳš
Ѫ߰ߣ˺ۡ
·һһεĵӣˡ
ΪԼ֮꣬ˡһúܺãҲܿԨڴ֮£ȷõ˻⡣
꽻ڡ
۴߶ٴңҲûж
ֻһһԼʶ̽ԨĻ壬һһظǣȥѪ˿ڡ
ԨĻֲҶˣ
Լǰȥ֯ķȫ
ܸоݽߵ
Һ׼С룬ȫͿ֮ʣС˳زϣǿйֵڡ
ܡ
ݽ֮ٴαӯܸоԼ屻
ˣҲûзſԨĻ塣
֮
꽻ڡ
һγԼԨ꽻ڡ
Ȼôʼ޷гԼꡣ
أԼǾɢΨһץģֻлһƬ塣
һƬλ֧ųΪꡣ
Ϊûꡣ
ֵ屧ԨĻ壬һݵԨ
ѹʲô
˱ۣȴЩЦ⡣
ΧЩѪʧΨҶɻʶͷɾ͸
С˵ûꡣ
뵽µġ֪꽻ڣҪĻġ
һƬġ
ԼĻꡭ
޷ѾˡԨѾöˡ
ܿġʹû꽻ڣȥԨĻȷѾһЩơ⻹
ֱۣ֮֮
Ļ壬Ļ塭
ָоԼƮƮģ·Ԩʶ֮ȻƮ
·ԼķӯͶδ
ůΧҲԼů
أأ˳ء
꽻ڡ
֪¡
ֱֵһƬ޷ɸ࣬Ȼص塣
ٴȫգʱɫ԰ףԨѾڲܿƵز
Ҳۡ
۵ȴһ˿ǳĺɫ
֧ţֱһͷԨһңֱ˳ɵСϡ
˽࣬ƵʣֻƮƮȴ壬ڿƣߡ
áۡ
˯ɡ
Ҳûиľ꽻ֻһƬ壬ֻһ̣Ҳ١
꽻ںĻڡ
Ԩδֿ֮ܵǷұ˻˯
Ϲب֮á
ڼ䳤ϸԳ֣ǹĹ󷨣ȻЩǻˣһû㡣
ȻǸҲ޷䳹׻ֻɵ䲻
彪ϴܵĹʴˣвΪƫ͵ĵûгϴȥòڴʱ̣彪Сرչء
ֱ༫̴ݸ༫ǰ֧Ԯӿ˺Ϊɱ¾֮гɳɱ
̴һؽΪηκιϮֻһ˹УԾԵǿƵüٹá
ڳ༫֧Ԯ󣬸ԾԵƣüܣɽҰǡ
һηһη
սǵĹͷʤǵĿھȻս֮
ڣ̴ݵмһ룬󲻵òֻ롣̴׷ǿȹ¼ʮá
ɽҰùǼܣϾǹ޵ãķʽֻ
Ҷ༫еɫ𣬴ҴһˣЩ÷һգûҶʣһ㡣
µĹɢ
ᱡУ̫
ɫĹ䣬ůֽµ֮
ˣȾ
ԪµϿգɫĹâڰº󽥽ʧ
Ƚиʼ󷨸ǰ
˿Ϯ롣ҪɽȥԼСʦôȥ
ŲȫĻ˭˶ۿһµġ
ȽиΪģ
ͽǱεͬӣȴɴܾ˵ʼǰδ뿪벽
Դû
һֵġӡ
ɫɢȥ󷨲δɢȥ
Ƚиֻ΢һ󣬳°͡
ˡ
ۡ
ҲܿԪµյɫˡֵϢԨϢҲֱʧ
Ҳ˵ʲôɨǡ
޹лڣҲڡڼ䣬ǺúϢκδš򡭡
귴ɣܻ
Ƚи국˵֪һһֱ
һ衣
˵ʲô뿪
ߺȽи졣
̴ݵĵ΢ɻһ£ȴ˶Ƚиꡣ
ֱϢһգȽиꡣ
Ԫµĵʼսա
ֻڳ˯
ǳ˯Ρ
μԼȥʲôط
ˮкܶˮܲϲ岻ͣʹһһߵˮС
ϢӰΡʲôһֱһ
ҪﱻǺĸо
ֱﾢ̫ܣ̫ʵֱӰˡ
Ȼ۵ʱȴоƤĳأԲĺ档
ںУɼ׹
л˵

~


110 
ˮ峺, ûκʣܿԲ⡣
Ȼһж˵ϢĴڡ
ͼˮи, ȴأûκ֧òϢˮѹѹ, ׹ס
áܡ
ۣˮвƶĲƣ³ݡ
鲨΢ǰ𽥿塣
Ǻ΢ˮ, ˺ˮΨһڵĺۼ
ӯںƯ, ͼץסʲôȻټĺ, , κκиеһС
ʲôҲץס
ֲұ۾۾ˮɬ, ǱۣԼҲۡ
ҲΪˣһĨӰˮ, ʮȻػߡһϤİˡ
˿ˮ, Ц
塭
ͫһ
һϮ, òۡ
Ȼ
δ
δ
ˮεػ, ˮڿеĳʪƣϡ²ںС
ۡ
ǰǷˮ˳Ƭεδ, һƬͥԺïܵ֡·һƽƽסլ
ļǵ׹˵Ļ, ԼߵԵĵϢĵط
, ҲǱĵ, ǳϸ
ˣ
ִ˿̲ŷ֣һѽϵġ֮гǸ̬ʼ΢ᱡĸ
Ц⣬֣ϥǰţ´
˵ĸ
붯տգص̧һָ̧⡣
ˡǺµڡЦأλҲһ߱㻹Ҫأµµš
ǿƿߡȥ
Լ֪ǰϹĳϣȴԺ
˰죬Ҳûеȵִ

߰ɡǸȥˡ
˵գ֮ʲôȡһɴҸֵͷ
һ̣ǰһ
紵ǰŵɴ𣬻֮Уһ޵Ů˼·ü֮޾ˡ
ҩԼʦ㡣
ĸôš
Ůγѣ̧
ҩԼʦ㣬Ѱһ塣
ֵ岻ǰ˼
Ц⣬Ůӹ˹֣ҩԼʦ㣬ϸһ룬Ǽ壬ʲô
һ塭ʲô
ǻеҩԼã·ַ࣬·γѡ
Ϻ壬һ˵СĹ⡣
Уץסֵĸ첲Сǹ⣡ʦʦʦǹĹ޸壬ͼȥʦĺ꣡мǣǧú걻ǹ˵õ
ؿǰŮӡǺҩԼ
ֻһƲлꡣﲻлĵزֻһʶ
ҩԼʦ㣬ĺ˺δ
ʵ
ҵġꡣҩԼ˳˼
ֻȻ˸ҪʲôҩԼǧཫһвûиǵõ꣬ݣƭҩԼʶ
˵·𱻽һ㣬û
УУҪ侲
ֲԼ侲һʲô취
СС
ֵĽУСѾǧ࣬м˳
ɨһ۽ɫģӡźͼƵ룬δ⡣ҲΪδóС룬ֻ֪С뾿ʲôá
Ȼһ̣Сӿ֮ȡ˲ٲ͸֡
ڵõһɲǣơ
ҪǹĹޣ
ֵж
һƿͷϵĴɴң˼ǿվȣȴǺĸ˾롣
ֻ˵ôһ仰źķ˲ڴͷεĲʸС
סµ˰
ûжٲ죬ֻǶ࿴СۡջߣЩΣˣ򵥵ġ
ǹ⡭
ҩԼʶ˺ҧҡͷ
ܡ˵
ִͼָ飬Ȼ˴Ĳдʵ̫٣Ҳֻƽ
Ҫĸġ
ҩԼЦ֣صٺãҲزסʶ
ͫһȴҩԼӲʶ˸Уͳɢ
һеķأҧ´
ҩԼӡʶ
ϧˣȻһǳɫ̾һҩԼûˡ
Ƶϡ
ֹϵ㣬ҲĲл꣬Σ
Ρ
ѷȴŸ֪Լʲôزʲôزᾡȫס
ʵֹȤϧôġ
ҩԼӲһĨʶȴʲôҲûеõ鲻̫á
߰ɣһĺ塣
ָ֡޷ֿ岻ǰ
ǰĻȻʧ
峺ĺˮֵͷ
׸·ȴմȾκˮ
̧ܿĵײȻںĵס
ϸ
ִ
СĹ˶ӣһССС𱭣ſֵļϡ
ֵ岻ܿصǰ
ĵ׳ĿտȴǶһӡʯš
ʯΡ룬Ųٺۼ
ֻվڴ˴ܸоһѹ
ֹˡ
Ц֣һУֵϻһ
ѪεΡ
ָȴûжɸѪĨʯ֮еİϡ
ֽҩԼĲʶ׼
գգָۣ߬
ʯŷ֨һϳ죬һ졣
âɢںĵ¡
Ȼƫĺ塣ֻǲܴЦİϢ
ʯһһĽʣ첢ֻһ˲ͨ
ֱӴӱһƣ˽ȥ
ֽһģʯŵķ϶
컨
ɫʣ·һůǹ޷ζ
ŲϿɫİɫСⴿ֮أĻһС
վǶЩ

һá
뾿ʲô˻ںµĽ
һĸҲ΢΢㵡
Ǻ塣
ȴûжԴбıʾ´Ŵ˴ء
һȥޱ޼ʵĻڴ֮·𿴲
Ȼ˵ȴǵһιЦİϢ֮ء
ʬŶԡ
ֱȼ棬Щ֮С
ֺ΢
ȼ˴˴еĻ١
ȻŻƽչĵطٽָڶݵʱڿ۵ĻֵĿٴʢš
һҲȻʧ·ûκδںۼһ
ɫЩ
ʲôҲû˵ֽ˼䡣
һ޼ʣ·ǺܴһҰ֮ڻ֮Уֲ巽򣬾롣
ţԼͷСȻʧˡ
ŴɫǸڴ˼תתȥ
ܡɫãҲôڵİϢ֮ء
ֺ͸һξ룬ָɫָҡڡ
˴޷磬ȻҶӯػζ·ʶڿ֡
ᵽһ嵭ĻϢ
˴ȻҪܴ򿪵ġ
֡дһС
ûйĽӡֻĺ򿪰Ϣ֮ˡ
Цŵġ
ֹӼĵһҾ֪ǹĻᡣ
ѾɿȥдһСལ
Сſֵļ࣬ԣӿֵ塣
û뵽С뻹á
ȴֵСལУ󲽳
ֵСལδð벽
ڸһ̣ȴӳһ׷
׻Ȼ
ĽŲֵֹͣ߼Ϊ
壬һҪŭҲźã
¶Ĳݡ
ǹĻˣվӣжŻ
Ϣȣ̧֮䣬ݺץгϮȥ
׼ŷȻԾڰ֮СֱӶ㿪˸Ĺ
øü
ûʱģ壬Ϊ˳Ĵƣ׳ĺɣ
ǳ
ôԴУֱϣԾ֮С
ҡҷ
ȷ֣һǿĹӵײϮнӡ֮ǧƵĺɫС
ɢŲ֮ⷭӿŸһȣַӵ۶
֮УܻȴֵֻܵǰһС֡Щ޴ڣӰΡ
ֵֺֻܽ峹׹ᴩ
Ȼǧвֵǰֺ֮ͣ¡
֮Уһ㱡֡
ʯصرȫ򿪡
һ»ЩĿˣ۵׺ɷ԰ֱ֡
ֵɴۡ
Ԩ
Ԩֱ˺ɫķ䡣̧һӡ
ǧƵĺУ֮ȫ븡塣
һѪĽ
л˵
~
ϼ~


111 
Ѫһ, ɢ
ִӻ֮һԾأɿ֣ȷסԨļ
Щ, յأָסˡ
ôˣոնֻ᲻Ӱ쵽ꣿ
ֽ´Ԩ
ԨȥͲԾɫȾ˺죬ɫĲ԰, ޷ڵƤºɫǳŰ
Ҵġ
һ㶡ȴԨ󻺻ʯšУͷһ¸
϶Ӱ쵽꣬ոս޲һʱͶ֮˵, ֻⷴ»Ҫ
ɫһס
Ϲ˵վֱ, ֵļ, ûôء
˵赭д, ָԸ˵ġΪԨûκιϵ, ˵Ļ߱κصӰ졣
귴ɡ
ҧ´ԴЩң֪ԼôᱻŪҲ֪Ԩô
·֪ɻ, ڻһȦΧĻʱ, 嵭
˼и֪
Ȼˡ
Ǻʹ˴и֪, ڱŪĵһʱ, ֪ˡ
ȻûԼǰȴǽˡԨ
ʬ弸ҲһģѪڻ, ٲմȾκѪ֮
ЦİϢ֮ء
Դ˴ƺϤڻ֮һ, ֽڰյ
һš
ͷ
, 㲻һ
к֡
ԥƬ, ԨԨŲ̫á
ˡ˵ҵôȻȥˡ
δǿַſǴŵ
Ԩȴ΢΢üȥɡ
˻ƣӴĺ̫٣ЦϵĵӣͨһЩڡ
ֵǵؿ㡭
ˣںһʱ䡣
ԨȻ˵
Ҳ֪˵ûѾ֮Ȼγɡ
ɵ߬ȭͷǿһЩĻͲԨ˵£Ҫֵ
Ļ֮Уƺζ
̧
ȴֻ֮Уۡ
һǿ˲ʵĹһӰ
һʮӡû˶ˡһʡ
ֻݣһƬ࣬ɫڣɫҰײ̫ǻˡ
༫ˡӻһ²ͷ¸ָЦǺǵأŲһ˲ǵˣ¸޽ֻƾһ֮ܽԪӤʿһƻС
ҿҿɲǸ
ź֮ˣͫһ
ǡ
ЦǺǶֹ˹ֹ֣ǹ⡪䡣
ǹ䡣յܹ׸һԪӤʿϡ
ԭǹſ䰡üعͷ˵̫ð죬һѲġ
Ŀϣ⣬㾿˭Ҳ׷ˡϾڵֻһССʿ
׷Ҳ׷ʲô赭д˵ҾʮꡣССʿ̸ϣӦô򲻹Щ鷳
ĻҲ֪˵ʲôǺá
ô򵥳Լ򲻹䡣磬˼򲻹䰡
ѵҪԨ
룬ҡͷ
Ԩ˵úأô⵽ɣȴֻǸı壬ġ
ӡ̫ˡ
䡣Ԩ˵ɱѡ
ƽգ仰˵ֻǵ귴ɴ˺Զ֮ǰҪصöࡣ
һӽڵʿ׾ܶԸ˵ġ
˵û̹Ȼ֣ҪɱҵȷѡǺźµòˡϾֹ˿ҪŶġɱС
Ԩһݡ
仰֪һввԨ
ʵ̫ˡ
Ĵ򲻹ûдô䡣
ֵһСལ䣬ȴ˻ȥųС𴸡
ǹĻˡȷħû֮һΪ̫߳ĹޣСལ̫ˡΨһõľС𴸡
˵ô࣬ҲҪĺ𣿡
֪ʱǵʯϡ
ҪĺȻҪҪ㻹вˡˡ̧˫ԨҪҪ£ֱӶ֡
ȴֱӷ귴ɣ
ȥ˰ֻҪûˡ
˵赭д֪ԨûκιϵȷҪôǣֻôŷȥ˼ûʲôġ
ûţ߬С𴸡
Ҫʲô
Ԩȴûж
ҪĻ꣬Ҫʲô
ԨѵãƬ̡
ͷԼ֡
ҪʲôҪһۣҲ𣿡
˵գ̧֡
ˣȻһôֵĻ
˵գһ
ʯֱӴ򿪡
ʯŴ򿪵˲䣬˿ٶȱ˸ģ
촹ϲŻ٣Ǵ˴Ѿһڡ
ִɴᣣżܰڷŲٵСŵǽϣһͼ
֮Уڻû֮һס
䣬ǹҪľЦĺɡ
ߵǾԣͷžŵˡ
Ļߡ֡
̧ʱþ䡣
ֵȫǽϹŵǸͼ
µľˣ֦ϣбһСãͣһֻС񣬶£ȫעĿ
˶Ц
۽üҵɫ·ؼĿѤá
ƿߡ
ֿʱϤС
񡭡ˡ
Цĺꡭ
ھ״΢ЩкֺԨ
ھڣĿû
ԨĿҲͼϡ
Ƭ̺ջߣͷ֡
ֵͷԼĻڡ
ǻеˣȷϤȷԼûм
Ҳͼʱ
ĽŲѾףߡ
ôһ˲䣬Ӱʧ
Ųһ١
Ѿֵࡣ
ֲ
Цĺꡭ
ȥ·֪Լ˵ʲôرĮ꣬һƲлˡ
Ļ껻ƽûʲôֵá
˵
ֳĬˡԨֵĻƾҪ䣬˵ǿ£Ǹ
Ԩ֣귴ɵĸأ
ȥ
ҧ˴ܾŲľôЦĺꡣ
塣
ھ״ͷƬ̧̣ͷ
ƭңĿϣûк꣡
ûкꣿ
һ㶡
˵ҲûкꡣǲдջصһƬ̫꣬Сˡȫ޷ƴճһĻ塣
ۡ
ô
󲽶Ȼ
޷ˡ
̽Ԩ󡣿ԨȴƮƮļ򣺡һǷˡ
˶٣Ц˾䣺κ˶򲻹ʱٱңΣ
̧Ԩߡ
۵׿ľ
ָ飬ԥ˺һԨÿһ룬ԼѾһ
һ
ֻ̧ص
ȻĿȴǾס
շ䵽ֵ
ʱͷҴҴһۡ
Ǿ˯һ꣬òΪɫۣݰ꣬·˯һ㡣
ͷ࣬һ
ǡЦ
ǰo䣬ͽЦ̣ѳᡣ
ȷûкꡣ
뵽ǹ⣬ǹڴǱΪЦĺ꣬ӦòǱǹõġ
Ļ꾿ʧ˺δ
ֹҲƭҡ
Ѿûй⣬İ缫ҹ
̧
ϵĹɢڿ۳һһĺӰӰŤſԶس
ѾһŷȻ˿õ̫٣ӲӦе
Ӱʱ̾˿շ¶ɫ⡣ϵ룬ЩӰĶ˲١
Ԩ̧¡
ĺӰʱ䱻ȫɢ
ڲϲ̿˴ȫ֡
䱾Ѿڿ֮С
ּ̾ͽе׷һӳϮӰȴϣһء
ЦĺûˣǰֵֻĺꡣΪ⵽ϷŪŭⱻȼ
ûЦĺֹ꣬ĺ꣬ڱصá
еģеĺ궼Ҫ׸ˣóˡµo
Ȼը
ɫ֮Сֻ䵽ǵ֮УŻһеԡ
֮ҲʼȾ˿ή
һ䣬˵ֱӷ˳ֱ˵ǽͼԡ
ֱӱͼɽȥ
һ㶡˼ѾҪգ
һλοһŷǽϵͼɹգ谭أؽֵС
䲢δôһںɫɢ֮УλӰ
þԨɫԽɺ죬ԣɱ󡣡
ָСʦѧôЩ󷨣Աϳǰʲô󷨡
ȻۿλӰ֮£֮һСء
·ʪĵض
δδ©ˮ
ڿлζƵļή
Ԩٳɣδ֮ǰһƻ
Ӱٿ죬Ԩжɱġ
һ̣ӰֱӱУˤԶľ롣
Ȼˣһ߿Ѫһ߹Ц
ˣǸˣɲ󷨡ٻ
ĺ꣬һ׼ˡ
ҲҪĺõ֣
Ļأ֮зҵŤ󣬿ռ䱻˺ѡ
ɫģźɫ۾ӥɳ
Ԩֻһۣɫࡣ
ϲʶʣҹ^
ǡ
ԨȻ֡
ɻ^
һ֮ȴǽȻͬĴڡ
ҹ^Ի˻ꡣɻ^Ὣ˵ʻקꡣ
ɻ^ĳҪԼġ
ɻ^ιѪɻ^ͻɴ˵Ļꡣ
ԨĿֵϡ
ʯ֮⣬ѾƣѪιɻ^
ɻ^Ѫ֮֮ԼֻѪ֮ſý䷴ɵġѪ֮κˣɻ^ĳֻ֣ᷴɵѪ֮ϡ
ԨŴϡ
ġɱС
ɻ^ѾУϳ˱ιѪˣ֡
˷ܵȶų򣬳ַ
һ̣Ԩ̽קԼĻУľ뽫ֱӶ˴ǽǡ
ļֳ׵ֵڡ
ɻ^޷ֺ
Ȼ
ɻ^òѪ֮Ļ꣬ڿŭֱֱԨȥ
Ԩͫһ˫ֵԨļֵֻɻ^ɵԨ
ɻ^ԨôڻУǻ᲻ᡭ
һ̣΢΢üȴ̧°͡
Ҫȥֻ񡣡Ԩ·ܲ󱳱˺ѵʹ࣬ͷشֵĴϡ
繵أƸ۵أȥ̰ͼڴ˿̵ľ
ô˻ᣬҽһڿѧġ
ֺ΢ֻͣоһԨġϢ
Ȼδϸϸζһ˲ͫ׽
ŨѪζԨĺ󱳽ɢ
ɻ^Խ
ŵˡԨ΢Ϣ
л˵
~
˱~



112 
Ѫ֮вϵлؿĻһһ¡
˫ֵԨļ, ǵ΢΢ˣǳֹһǣݵؼԲ
ֽë΢, Ѿͷļ磬ƺ̾ҲǰգҲΡ
ڶݵʧ, Ԩ΢΢
Ԩ
ԼǴһ˿޴أҵˡ𣿡
ŵŨѪ, ʹԨֻѪ, ںԨйݵ֮, Ԩ֮Ϣ, һ˲, Ѫ֮ӿϵͬʱҲŵԨ󱳵֮Ϣ
ɻ^
ɻ^ѵҲԨ
ƿԨóԼСལ, 붯, Ԩνڻ, Ԩʲô
ֻɻ^, 󷨺ſȴЩĴЦ
Ԩ
лŵе֪ɻ^ǲ˵Ԩ޷Ԩһֻɻ^޷֮һ졣
С, ġ
Ԩɫ԰ףֵ̧Ƥ, 侲, ˵˿ѾѪ졣
ֲšԨƭ, ÿһƭص޷ܡ
俼ֻ񣬲˵һ˵㣬ûвϲ
ԨЩġ
ѾŵòԼܾһˣʲôɲڷԨ˵ס
ֻǶݵ΢΢΢һ־֮
ֵǣеأȲأ˴˲֮ˣݾҡ
ԨĶݵһȴһ֡
˳Ļֻô룬޷ֵԨΣ⣬̼ͻع
ʱô˵ɻ^ǲǡ꣡
ּöҪԨĻȴ˱ײһ£΢΢üƺһŵֽǶһҶ
Ԩ
Ԩȴǵһƽģֲ㻳ɸոֻǴ
ǲǵġּܿ϶ԨˡΪΪɻ^Բ
ǲӦðɻ^ԨôҲûа취ôɻ^˺أ
޷⣬ԨССҲܶԨĻж԰ȫɻ^˺
ֺ֮䣬Ļڻγһ޴ķ
𽥿֡
еͼ֮ǰڵϣ˶£ڷ֮лſ
ǻſﱾһλ¾ɫŮӣȻſĻ֮ȴֻһꡣڶڻ֣֮ʲô촽˶˵ʲô
ֵעδǸϣδ
ĻֵϣǳĻζ
ö
һ
Զ
ǰһΡһ·裬ѪϢ֮У֮УĶϣӯ¡
ֶһ̡һ̵̣üԨס
ֱ˿ݲ¶΢Ļҡ
֣
бúܺãһȴ̵̣ˣҲδɿ֡ʼսǽǣһƬΨһᱻɻ^ʴĽ䡣
ôᡭ
ѾԨ˵Щʲôˡ
·ƮƮһ
ǺһΧСʯͷСˮ̶̶вٵСˮ档
ͣһֻС񣬳ëߴߴ౲ͣ
վߣһȦִ˴İЩ΢Ϥ
ȹСˮ̶ߡˮ峺羵
˺¾ɫŮӣȹ㣬ײһһһ죬
˭ˣǻˡ
ˮ£ֲɵͣ½Ųͷǻˡýˣַ¾ɫŮӣˮͬú߿
һƬһ˳۾ϢĴ棬Ǵ伸ľ
˺һգգۣˮͬգգۡôһգֲۣ˸죬Լġ˾Բǡ
˺һȥͼˮĸңˮ
ֵͬʱˮҲ֡
ֻˮĲ
һ̣峺ƽˮˮڲ羵ԡ
ֳסˡ
ָˮоˮı䡣޷λˮʱָ̡ⷢ
Ƭ̺ջ֡
ˮζָܿ˺޲ƽ£һκˮĿԡ
ֱʱֲŲòԭˮеĺ¾ɫŮӣһ̾
صĵطɸλоɫŮӡ
˭
ʦ𡣡
Сˮ̶ĸ
ֵʮָӡΨһ˿ģǳɫеȺרע
һʦЩΪڽꡣһŷӦ˴ûҲûֻ꣬һİꡣ
úǾ£һ˫ۣˡ
ֿŰ߽˵ϴˡ˺һͬʱ졣
ˣ˿̲ǺŮӡ
סûжĿ껺
кöʣ˴ǺδŮ˭˭ôָô뿪
ȴֻ߽󣬰֡
˺һЦһ
Ѿܾúܾãûмʦˡ룬ǲ޾ĺڰҪٵϼ꣬߸ãܵȵʦһ졣
ֱרעҿЩΡǸˣ޷Ӧȸ顣
ƿߡ
ȴû˵ʲôСʯ̶°£һ̣һֻɫСļͷͷ
㡭ԥƬ̣Ȼ֪˭Ǵ˿϶ķʱ䡣촹ĵطɻ^ĵطԨ
ȵȣֺ뵽Ǹᵽֵľס
ŵ꿡ͬ˯֮Сءۣ᲻ǰİôƣ
̽ʣЦ
λǰΪʦoѳģϹĵһι
ֻǻ֣ƺûκηӦ΢΢֪ôЦһЦЩɬ
ʦôҵĻҲ޷
ϴˣ
ЩΣ߬ȹӡǰǲЦ˿иҪҪȥ
ǺδҪ뿪˴
е˵һҪȥɻ^
ͷ۵׵ĽźͻңƺЩį˵ŻҵĻƬ̺󣬲ſڣɻ^ʦ˵ûвֻҪʦ־ܽڻ
ʦҪ֪˶٣ȴ¶һǳǳЦЦ⼫õ
ʦͽһɡ
ûʦֻ֣ңֻң𣿡
ֲ˵½ǰİΨһһܽãĴڡ
ͬȹˮ̶ߵʯͷºǺɫСȻ䵽ͷһֻСãȻ굽ĻС
ּС񣬻бСá뵽ʲô̧
ڿˮ̶⵹Ӱİ꣬ǲֿʼע
ֺ뵽ˡ
ͼͼ֮еĺŮӾһģ
ֲ˵˺һˮ洵һ磬дĻ꣬ɢˮϣţ׹ˮ̶֮С
˵Ǵ磬ڷ紵һ̣γѣվ
ʦ𡣡
֣̾һͽˡ
͵ɡ
ǳǳķеĻҶֵͷȹڣŷڻζ
ϵ嶣졣
˺ˮ̶ıԵվרעĿ֣һ̣ǴһĨǳЦ⣬ۣһ
һǰʧԲ֮С
~
졣
ֽϵȻѣƯڿС
һ̣廯¾ɫŮӣվֵĶ棬Ŀ
ҵꡣ
ŮһЦ֮䣬ɽڰյ䣬ûӵֺŮӡ
öͬҲЩϤġ
ؿŮߵֻ֮ңľ롣
ǡ˭
⼸ʱ˺ܶ࣬᲻Ҫң᲻ҡ
ŮЩȻգۣã 
ˡ
˵
һ̣ŮӶ֡
Ҹ֪ܽ£ԶҪΪһнǡ
ϵġ
ŮӵĻвɵͬ֡
Ȼ˫ֽôһ˲䣬ǰһΣ¾ɫŮӻڷתһ㱻սɡ
ӯڿз
ڻ֮У塣
ȣ̣ĵȺ
ֻۡ
˳һУһ˿ã

Ļꡣ
ؿڣ֮Ѿһ𣬶ĸ֪ԼǿԼӯҪûǿ
ֺ٣ͬʱǰһ
ȴǴǻ֮лصǽ䡣
껺ǰ
ԨŵضƤϡ
ڸոյһ˲䣬ֵ֪ʧȻҲһգ֮䣬ֻˡ
ȴôݵʱڣ˳ˡ
Բˮ͸Ĵ۾΢΢β˲佫崿޺ĴȾһĨɫ
ɾˣҲǴ¶
˵ֻܸоԼڵҪӿδ˼Ȼӡ
һ̣ӿԾǿƵİԵ֮ɨټĴء
ɻ^䣬С
ֵҲӯ
Ԩͫһǲδתǽ棬һѪĿʼ׷֡
޷ǿϯС
󷨱ķѣˣ䱾Ϊǿгɻ^飬ֱӱһǿУ壬ؿڴֱӱճһ󶴡
ʹİ쳹
ֲ֪ԼʲôоԼҪϢˡ޷ѹֵģȵأҪ
ֻܲйͷš
ϵŰ֮·һƽ١
ⳡƽ֮УֻԨȻ
ӯصͬʱԵ졣
廯Ķ׹Ķζ嶣ҡ
ķ֣ڷ֮еɻ^ԨϢ
ͷһۡ޿ƵŭһԾڷ֮Уץסֻɻ^
ֻɻ^ɹѪŸ֪ͨһɲ
Ȼⲻ赲ֵĳ֡
δɻ^һʦ֪ͨô
һץɻ^һһɻ^ϣɻ^ֵ½СһźɫѪ飬ֵġ
ѪԨ˺ꡣ
Ԩġꡣ
ִڴںǻЩܡ
ǰһ̣ɻ^һ˲ʶֺڰ顣ڱιʳѪ֮Ѫɻ^ͻȥѪ֮ꡣ޷ɻ^κεĹΪѪ֮Ѫɻ^ĳֽǶ˵Ѫ֮Ļ
Ԩ޷ɻ^ֻҪ׾ٵ̧֣ܽ
֮ľΪѪһɲͨɻ^ϵһ˺Ѫ֮ȫա
Ԩκζɻ^ĶǱɻ^ȥ˺ꡣ
ֻأǰЩڡ߬źɫѪ飬֪ԨڸոյЩʱڣΪ˱ʲô
˺ڸոսйޣˣΪٴηɵԨ˵ǻԵ˺
ˣҲʼձųĬûи͸¶һ˿˺
ǡǸ˴ġ
վȺ󣬿ڵѪһص䡣
ǹ䣬ô˵Ⱥڰ֮е飬Ԩȵεȵز
һСལ
̧֣н⺮䡣
һӳ
ѣʼȳɽ䡣
һ˿֮ûУڽ֮Ϊ
ڹʴ²ڻֵ紵ʱѿ
綯졣
߬н·ڷᵽˡϤϢ
һ˭ΪһƬˡ˭
벻

֮ھ˹ʴֵϯ˵ȻģһЩ롣
ΨԨվǽڽ֮Ļ껺֮УĿʼϡ
Сལˣȹ̳Ԩȥ
˿ģܿǵʺѪȾĻѪ֮пή
ͫһ
һƬġѪ
Щܵǵײײ
Ԩ֣סҡҡλε֡
ˣ
ּеؾҪԨ
ʼԼĻָĺ󱳡
û£һСˣܿͻõġ
Ԩ治ɫ赲뿴Ķ
һСˣּˣɻ^ԲѪ֮Ļǻ˺˵꣡걾𣡡
Ԩ΢΢ۡǰ΢һ־Ȼ֪ɻ^
ҰɻᣬײԸֿ׹ǵĺ󱳡
޷һˡ
Ԩ赭д˵뿪˴ڸ顣
ôҲԨĺ󱳣еоЩᡣһİȴܵգ۶ɬġ
Ԩҿ
أȻҪõһ𰸡
Ԩȴ΢΢ͷֵƤһǡ
ԣˣŵ㡣
ȴֻεسЩء
ֽ߬Ԩ䣬ҧݡ
ƤǳǳһĨᣬ
ԨôҲ˿پҲûáȷԨ˵뿪˴ȻϽȥҽ޸Ԩ˲Ҫġ
䡭ǻҶû˰
ֻȻ

֮ǰȻʧֳǸͼһ𣬱ڻУͷΧһУƺЦһ
ֶи᲻ᡭ
·ߣعͷ
ǳɫӿ壬ںӵʱ򣬼еĸ顣
ƿߣŵ϶ѻĺĻ꣬ߵ˾Աߡ
Ԩִ̧ӽ֮гһ񣬸Լϡ
ĬΪ
˵ģǣֵ֣״߹ȥ
𣿡
ƺڶԾڵЦ˵ʲô
Ȼȥüۣ˯ֻ˯пΣϡһĨǳЦĻȡ
߹ʱͷеͼھϡ
һ̣ͼ˾֮ڣĻЦԣһһЦߡ
׻صԭڵλáֵɨ֮󣬳׽ɢûκεĲסֻǵ϶һĻꡣ
߰ɡ
֣ò΢ı仯ûκ⡣
һ뿪֮ʣʯŻرա
뿪УֺԨûκεֱӻصԪµָûаͣЪֱȥҪȥҽޡ
ȴԨһץס
ûá
Ԩ˿ѾסʲôԲˣֱ˵ɻ^ɵλãҽΪ
ҧ´뵽еǿźɫѪ飬æݸԨ
ɻ^顣
ѪκԨƬ
Ԩ΢΢üû뵽־Ȼܽɻ^ȫɡ
Ҳ˵ʲôӹǿѪɫ飬ա
ֲδڲ
һʱǿѪʧԨС
δʲô仯ڸǵλãôҲ˿ڣ޷֪Ƿת
ȻԨ˿̵ٴܴЩǳ
ԥ˰죬ֻܴԼƶҽ֮ѡʵƷһһ㽫ԨС
ǲȾ˻ѪѰֱӽԼĽУʦĵҩȫ˳
Щ˵ģԨ˵ֻôá
þ㹻ˡֽЩҩȫԨԨҲף˿̲ԵĻֻš
ҩ߲ȫˣ֡
𣿡
ԥƬ̣ҡҡͷĲʺϣȥ
˿Ѿ֪ЩҩԨ΢΢Һ֪ȥ
ȵȣ֪ģ
ֻ˺ðҲûԼǴ֪ġ
ھ֪ǶԨЧġΨһҲ޲ߵľϵ˺ѡ
ǽޡ
Ǹոսޣûеõ޸Ԩ˿̵޷ɵڶεޡ

ܲԼ֮ǰǿ󣬴һ̸ϻĻƬൽѾЩ̬ĳΡ
Ϊ
ĵڶŻ
̧Ŀڡ
κεʱ˼ȫԨռݣûжκεֱֳ˿ֲʵо
߳Ԫµ⣬Ƚиɫأ߳ôһɲǵ𾪡
Сʦáϸ֡
ֻ֣ò΢ı仯̬Ҳһ˿֮ǰķӯ
Сʦֿ֡Ƚи꣬æʣ¯𣿡
˶٣ֲǧ˿ݣˮġ
Ƚиһ㶣Ҫ
š֪߽˭еģ˵˭֪ģԱ˲ϣΪ֮Լ
ȽиЩΣûУȥʦ֡ʦִ˿̻֪ټһ°ɡ
¯ֹС
˵ȴ衣
Ԫµĳ裬ò̴ݡ
̴ֳֳ򢣬ʱĿЩӡô˵أִ˿̿ʱ򣬺񿴳һЩʲô̴ݵĿûΪ
㣬ˣ
̴ʻܵ͡
ҡҡͷˡ
̴ҧأͷȥ
ģҲ⣬Ǵȡ¯Ҫûм
ȥҵͨŪȫ˲ϡ
ò˵ȻĴӣЩϡŹֵĲϺٻУȥҪŴӵǵѹγһЩִ
ȥлֱڲ¯
ûˡ
˵Ǽģվ¯ǰȴǰδеϤͼ䡣
ѿػÿһϵ硣
ҲҪһȥȴвֻ˲ʱ
ĲͶ¯֮Уƿ֪¯ڵı仯
̶ʱ¯Ϩ𣬵¯ϻ
һǳɫϢ¯
ϻŽɫĵҩ
ֱץŵҩͷӲֱӳ嵽֮СÿȥԶ֪ѾɣƷʵļƷҩ
ٲȴƫƫԼױȵš
֮С
ԨСϴ
ĶѾժС齵ıԵ
λò֡
ּһ۾ͿԨʼղŲ˿ڡ
ֻһ棬ֻǴҴһƳԨֽ̧ϣԭ߬ŵҩҲԨ󱳵Ѫ죬׹
ɫѪʹֵ۾ۣܸо۾ɬʹأһİ崲ֹ
Ԩ̾˿ǣֵ󣬷ڴ齱
ŵˣ
Ԩδ뵽Ȼʱܽȫ⧲ײ֡ҧŴ´ҧѪ˿
ֵָĴߣſ죺ɿ֣ҧԼ
һĨѪȾԨָϡ
˳Ļɿݣ´ӡбҧƵ˿ڡ
Щ̻Ȼ֪أЩίء
Ԩ
֣æԨԨûֱ̧һѳˡ
ڰմţҪһԨһ뵽˿ڣ̲סۣ۵ЩƵܡ
˵صˣܹ˿ڣȫԨֵˡ
ִӲ֪ԭҪһˣȻľָţʼûԨ
ǲǡۣ
ʳȴԼһ䲻ʵĻܹ˺һˣ۵񶼲һ䡣
Ԩˡ
ۣҵĻۡԨ˵仹ЩЦ⣬㡭
㡣Щ˵Ԩ
Ԩ仰û˵
Ƭֵ̧̣޽Ƿ˿
ҰҾͳû٣ңҾͲۡ
ֻ٬ĵЦҪһ֡
һֱ̣׾أȴС̧°͡
ԨĴϣС
ԨҲۡ
л˵

һֱӣ
˱~


113 
ñҩҪõöࡣҲǶԨ
Ԩµҩһ, 󱳱˺ĹͷټѪϡ
ΨϣҲһĪչ
ԨϹΪ, ȷҲѧ֮ҲԨޣǹȻĹȴ״Ԩе, ټ֮귴ɣɻ^˺Ԩֻزᡣ
ϹҲûи˼ָǡ
ϸǹ䣬֪ꡣǹ˸, Ϲǹ˵, ͸, ܿԡ
Ψһ΢ĵ, ǵһιЦĺ겢δǹߡ
Ϊǹպ, Ҳڡ
һǹʱڲϹвڶʱڣҲҪһȫĵŲ顣
϶ܱô֪, ǲֻһأ
ַΧ, ֻܴԪµ֮, ϤЩİꡣ
ͬʱ, Ԫµ˵ǹ
ֶеĻšں½أЦİϢ֮, ʱδ֣⵽˲СĴ
ȻҪػ, ֵĳ̶, ƻԭ
ڿ, ˰ɣ
ȥʱȴ˿æֹȥ
ȴҪְæһֱǷǹĹޡ
㵽Ǻ壬ڣֱ׵öࡣҲһŪýͷöץæǹ˵ĿľǺֻ꣬ҪǳǳһԣԳ֮ˡ
ִӦظɴࡣ
æ˿Ҫæĵط־ֱͬ⡣
ֻҪֱЩӣһ顣
ǧҪһһɸѡּ飬ÿ춼Լһʶ̽Щӡ
Чȷӵ֮зֱ
Ȼֻټ֮ǰĳϣΪ϶Ĵ˵ǹѾƲˡ
⼸ڱֱַ֮󣬾ִ
֮껹רԪµһšи֪֣ǹ⻹δõµĺ֮ǰΣյĴڡ
ҲԤϡ
ǹòЦĺ꣬һ䣬ǹĿľռ¼ĺ꣬ôĴڿ϶ᱻǹ֪ô˵ǹѾһϵв֮Դˡ
֪һ㣬ԨҲ֪һ㡣˵ϹѾʲôȫĵطˡ
Ԩ΢ת֮󣬾͸ǡֻ֮ǰֺıһԨҲһ֤ϹİΣ֤
ǹⲻٴвϹ
õԨı֤νһǼţʵսƾ֮ǰǰµĿؾ֪ǹĹƣЧĵֿ
г༫ı֤Ͳͬˡ༫½䶷ʮʮ䶷ߣֻһҽޣһޡ
Ĳ˵ֻҪܺͳ༫֮Ĵڡ
һʰ׼뿪Ϲ֮ǰҹɫֵĴǰá
ƿûжٲ졣ֱӾŴ˳
ֱ뿪֮󣬻𣿡
ԥƬ̡ʵҲ֪
ҲɡţԼĹӣǵԺûʲôˣһҲǲġ
С
õôһ仰
ҵǡ
˵գתߡ
ȴס

ֺʱмֱŤҲ֪׸ʲôƺ
ˡ
·ֵΣ
ȴͣסˣʵʵվǶ׼ֽĻ
ºһЩСǵһôˣġںȾһĨЦ⡣ǳǳأȴ޷ԵĴڡ
ڰϢ֮ء
кܶⶼûеõ𰸣ţҲ޷һ׼ȷĴ𰸣ǵʱƾʹ˵иУԨǰϢ֮أ;ţֻʲô֪Ǹ˰ɡ
ʶԥ֪Ӻεؿ
´ΰɡ
Ŀ֣ᣬȷҵʱٸ㡣
һԼˡ
룬Ǹֵˡʲô֪ʲô⣬ֺȫĵִʲô
Ȼ֣ᡣ
ҹǿգĿ뿪
ôҴң뿪ҲҴҡǰΨһĿģǺһ´μԼɡ
֤԰Ϣ֮صһɻ
֪һ죬ڣעҪڱĵط
뿪ʱȽиһֱǲҪȥ༫Ҳȷ༫ջ֮ҪݿҲҪЩʱɡϹ̶µʱ䣬֧һټĳ༫ơ
ѣǻصǧɫȥ
ǧɫ
лЩȸԾġ뿪ǧɫʱԨ˵ǧɫʱһС˵صǧɫ󣬾ܼСˣ
õǺܺãִֵǧɫʱСѾԨˡ
ԨȻСһֵķ񷴶Ǳʱںϲˣٻķܽ΢ѹһѹ
ֲ֪صǧɫڴȥСʱȴɫһظ֪Ѿ»ص˱չ״̬
ǻǰһ졣
ִʵͷܡһѾܾûмСˡ֪ˡ
û̫ʱȥСǡ
صǧɫԨصԭ֮ϣԼ¶һЩǽ༫½֣Լ
ǰϹ֮ǰĳ༫ɡ
ǵȷУضԳ༫֣СǵʱڣСɳ̴ǰȥɨǰ󻨷һʱ䣬ŽЩѹȥֽŵС˼ݺݰס
ĳ༫ǵˣ༫ջ٣ҲʲôŶǵġ
һǻ㰲û֮ǰսʱĸΣ֮¡
ȽиЩǧɫסˣѰִ뿪
༫ѾŪòˡȳ༫֮һ˾ǡ
ȽиںԺʯſţ˱̫ɹֳ̾㣬ҹƻҪķáҸһţ̫ӰǮˡ
Ҳͬһ㣬Сʦһֱȷʧȥܶ׬ǮĻᡣ
СʦȻȥߡԨЩ˾ͻֵͷӽͳһӣǸ׼ʯ
Сʦֵʯ˾ĳ͡Ԩ֮ǰҲϿɵġǽʯɾʯˡ
ȽиӹһӾʯüЦص˵ࡣ
ĵǮƷĴ󷽡ôʱ䣬Ѿˡȣ˲ˡ
Сʦá
ȽиЦֵļ򣬡ףԸĵտ
´лǧǵǡ
֣һһµġ
Ƚи뿪ʱ򣬻һƣ׼ļ󷨣¸ϽѧˡȻȥʦŵʱҪġ
һ˵飬־Ͳһ򵥵Ĵ༫飬һϰ󷨡
ˣڴǲҪһ¯
Ԩ˵ֻϵáǳӦиʺԨĵҩѰ֮ǰÿζñ˵¯ɡ
ֻصԨڴ
˵õȷһζҪءʹ֪ˣҲδ
Ĳȣϵķʱʱ̴̿һ״̬
ʱԨѾɫķ
ûҶһȺһʱ
ԨĴϢۡ
ԨС˵Ҫȥһˣȥ¯
Ԩԣ֪ҪùĹͷЩĲ»ָ߰˰ˣǻЩ˿ûôϣһΪ˺ѵԭ˿ڻˣȴ޷ָġ
ִ̧ӽ֮ȡһӵݸ֡
ֽӹһȻһӵľʯ
⻨ȥɡС˵
ʯʯĶһôһ¯ֻòһʯ
ﻹһľʯ
ȥõġԨ˵ҪʲôĶ򣬻ȥ󣬸ר׼һ
㶡
˵Ļȥָǳ༫
ԥ˰죬û˵ʲô׼ȥһʵ¯
Ҫ¯Ǳɫ֪ˣ̾ϵ˵صУȥʺϵģ߽׵¯
󲿷ָ߽¯ʦʿרŶƣ·¯ģԵʿ޷ãġ
¯Ʒʶá
˲ʱ䣬ȴûҵһʸֵ¯
е༫ӣ˽ɫ˵Ҫ¯ȥһЩʦ
ڵʦ٣ɫҲӴһЩڵ֪Ǹʹ֮ЩʦξܾǶ죬ʵҪõ¯һ¯һҪġ
˵ܸ¯ģֻŵʦռ顣
ֵϢԥ˺þãţΪʲôؾأʦ϶κʦɡʦһ¯õģ
ͷԽſס
˶ʦʦľõġ
ңʦһޣ϶õ¯
ο
ûлȥûмʦˡ
д뷨ܻȥԨ˵
ԼҪȥţʦ¯ʱԨɫ𽥵Į
ע⵽һ˿ġ
ʦˣ¯һõġֻЦкԨ˵һȥʦ¯
ԥ£°С죬Ҳ֪ҪȥЩʲô
Ԩޱ˵ô
ȥʦţ
ǲԸߵġ֮ǰΪδԸִ˿ʲôҲĶˣûа취Ļ᲻뿪صʦţֻż뵽δľѣ
رãһ˳·ȥһɽɽѧʶԨ֪ʲô
ټĲһ飬ɽѧʶԲһССĲɵġ
Ԩض¶һЦֻЦЩ΢
ô
ҪʦҲ޷Ұɡ
Ԩ۾գһ£˳֮ǰҪ硣ҳ༫Ǳտյģ˶֪ǧɫ󡣡
˶¶֣Ǻ˳ɹ
ԨЦ֣ȥʦšû֪㲻˵ʦҲεҡ
ֱŪЩ⧲
ǵϸһʱȻŻͦá
ǧɫȻûмǰôΣɵȷв˶ǳҪɱԨġ
ڵԶ֮ǰҪأġ
༫˳ɫ⣬֪Ǻźɣ£ҪǴԨ˾ţ֪
϶Ǻܰȫġ
οһ治뿪˵Ԩһ滹ܻصʦȥʦʦʦǡ
ûбõİ취˰ɣ
ֲɵͷЦü䡣
á
ԨҴʦš
л˵
~
Ҳұ֤ʱˣʱ̫


114 
, ʦſɼˡ
ʱǺʦ취˺ѳĽ磬뿪ʱԨǼһСڳıԵ, ·˺˳硣
Ԩַ˼
һ綼˺ѣ˵, ܸó
ֲ֪Ԩ뷨ϲ̡ʱʱȫʦֻ֣ԨˣԨ, ֻ
ҲĽɡ
ִʦһ, صʱ, Ц۵ġ
С
оԼ֮ǰвٵľˡ
Ҳ, һԭ
ؿڡĻƬôķѵ, ĵط붼벻

ף
ֱϥǲ࿿ڳϣһֱ룬ôˣ
Ҳû뵽
̧ա
Ԩһలش
ε, ˶Ե˲١ÿܲͲ, ķκ, , ÿյľ硣
Լ֪·ߣҪȥķиʱȥ, Ԩصʦţʲô
˵ʦȻûмԨ, ǶЩġвϲԨĶʦֺСʦ֡
ʦȥʦ, Ҳ֪ʦûС
ʦֻʦڵҶɾԨһε, ǴֻǴҴһƳ
ˣָ㣬Լʦ˱٣󲿷ֶ֪ԨġôҲദò
ֲȷ
ϣԨʦŵĴദĺһЩ
ӳִڲôŵĸ·£ʱ䡣
ִǡ
޷Զʶŵķ򣬻ǿ棬ʹҵԼʦŵ·
ĺСţǶһƷ龣Ŷ֡
ƮݴʷԨֻһ۾ܿߵΪǷࡣ
ֻǵϴλʱ֪СʦΧ˲ٵף䱸ȹСߣԨ
ҲȹλߣҪŶ
ԨɨһȦ˴㲻ûֻҲ̸ϷʢƷ֮λһ磬ȥֻܿһɽˮɽꡣ
ֻ˵һȻȡ
ȹǰСߣ˺üͷߴԨĽŲ
Ԩʲô󷨣ǿôСĵģǹⶺ档ӦǴ˴ȷʲôĻء
͸ֵһһֵĽӡӡŲһߵƷ¡
ֶ˶٣ͷ
ڴ˴ԵƬ̣Ƚȥʦͨһ
ǰд˵ҪԨǻûеõʦĻšôˣǵȵҪʦһġ
ԨԴû飬վƷ£֣һϮԵϸݣվǶһֲʤĲ
վǶû̧ţԥ˺һӽȡһ񣬺ɫģȴԨġ
ָԨֱϣȴӹһ£ֵļϡ
ȥɡҵ㡣
ԨĶ񣬽ͰŶһ½ȥٶȶ˺öࡣ
ȹͶͷʦȥ
е㵣ʦڡϾʱʱСʦ˵ʦȥʲôˡ
ⶼˣʦܸû˰ɣ
ִֵʱǿŵġ֮л֮ǰǸģһˡ
ȥͥԺͥԺɹŲٵĲҩ
ʦֻЩҩôɹֻЩССɻ󣬽ȥĵطҡ
ֻںԺĲ˵ҵ˴Ŷڲʦ
ʦ
ȹ˳Ų˵﹡˹ȥ
ĩ̾һͰѿϵĶÿҲûվüһۡ
ֻԼСͽܣϻһտյĶζغһ
ˣ
ʦͽˡ
ܵʦǰ˸´ʦЦ۾ء
˵Դȥٵа඼ûмʦˡ
ʦ뿪ǰһͬľǿһЩΡ
ʦͽдһŻ˵ǻһ
ԥ˺һС˵ǳ༫Ԩˣ治̫ȫʦԡ𣿡
ĩ̾һ˶˼ſΪʦܲ£ôΪʦ˵У㻹˸𣿡
ʵʵͷ˵ˡ
ָЩա
ʱӦԨӦ̫ˣҲûüʦնˣȷĲס
ĩ̾ôԵСͽܣҲûˡ
°ͣȥɡ
۾һĩ̾ٺЦЦЦöմ˵㺩̬
ĩ̾ûס̧Сͽͷһѡ
ŵʱɻһ¡
ͽ񳤸ˣ˵Ҳе仯ûôˡ
ޱȵ°ͣѽΪҳˡ
ĩ̾ջ֣ЦСӣһظǳ󣬵㳤֮Ŀͷԡ
ֲԡǵʦ׼ǸϽȥԨ
ܰſ̫á
ִʦʱ£һĸβŮ񻱳ӰںԨ˵Щʲô
Ӱֿ̫ˣ۾ﭵһˡ件غһ
ʦ㣡
ͷܣǸСڵһ嵽ިĻС
ި׼̧־ͽСʦһ§ڻУ˳ƾԴϣС
ôûˣʦ㿴û
ިԼСʦ÷ȥӱһ˼Ȧص˵ͷ
һ㣬ˣ͵ˡ
Ц۾䣺ʦ㣬ڱúˣܰǹ˻һ´ɣ
ިǹĸʱһ
ôССʦò߿佱䵽СѾͷ˵ģ۾Цֵ
ûǰˡǳ༫ĻʳãԲ̹
һʵʵ˵Ҳûвá
ڳ༫Ҳûм졣
˵Ϲĸǡ
˵ǾŶСʦáިһ־ԲݷЦеؿ֡
Ȼֱͦ˱Ǿ͡ûԺá
죬ިЦۣСʦȥ
ԨޱؿԼСôࡣ
ިǹġ
ֵȫץУаע
ǡֱ׳ع֡
ֵȷڴʦĻϲãЩԨűͷިĻͷ
Ԩ
һǺ˵أЦض˵ʦȥء
Ԩֱʱ΢΢ף߰ɣȥݼʦ
ʿɲζިɿԼСʦãɨԨƤЦⲻЦأǲݲ𰡡ݼʦҲŵʦȥ
˺һ벻ʦصĿܡ
ʦôҲԸɣ
Ǵʦô˵Ҳдʦ⣿
û
Ԩ֮ǰֵ֪ʦţûһܽ
޷ֻҪһܽɣԡ
ԨֵĽźƷǰɽˮЩ΢ı仯
ɽµųǰ
Ժ䣬Сլݣ԰Զ䳡ɹŲٲҩͥԺ
û˵һţױһͨũɽׯ
ڴ˴ĽŲӯأںʹʦ˵ʲôͷި˵ʱ۾ﶼЦ⣬ɣ
ʦֺʦ㻹ûл𣿡
Щ졣ڶʦ뿪Ҳһˣټϻصǧɫʱ䣬µʱ䣬ʦֻûкʦѽ
޶ȴĮɲô˵ġިνƽҰͰ󲻻¡
䵣ǣ絣ĵԼ
һ㶡
ҡô𣿡
ûˣûдûзôҲҪģ
ިЦ
̬ŪϰµأԨࡣʶؾȥ
ԨһִƮƮֱֵһİ
ƽɨި
ިȻۣôƿߡ
Сʦãȥ䳡ҺúÿڵΪ
־֪ôһءǼ⡣
ȻڸоԼΪ˲٣ǱʦŪȥɽɽѹ߶߲ļ䣬ʵԷ˸ظС
Ŷ
ǴӦˡ
ϸ룬ʵͦڴġ
ڴһڴʦʲô֣ܲʦһ䣬˵
ֻҪôһ룬Цۡ
ިɨСʦá
ɵֺǡ
ɵֺǵСʦãɰ
Щ죬ިûס¶Ц⡣
Ԩʹʦո˵ʲô
ۿžҪߵˣֺȻСԨ
ʱǿʦںԨ˵ġ
ǴʦûмԨɣҲ֪˵Щʲô
Ԩ赭д˵ިҴ˸к
һֱǲǡ
ڵõ𰸺ިЩ˸ۣ˾ʲô
ЩͲøˡ
Ŷһ˸кǿҲʦûôԨ
Ǹѽ
ڣֿʦһѡ
ڲ԰ʦʦһĽɫ£һ۾;Ź󲻿ԡ
վʦʦ֣Ǵʮָ˾Ÿ񻷣ΨһһֵĴĴָûд񻷣Ǵһⱦʯָ
ֽڰգһء
ĬĬشӽͳһʯӣԼˡ
Ȼ֪ʦʦʲôϵġ
Ψިһûۿ
¾ǳ༫ɡ
ĩ̾°ͣԶ֪ν£
ԨͿ˹֡
ǰ󱦵ͣΪ˱ʾ⡭
Ԩһ֡
ϳʮӡװ˾ʯ貵ûεۡ
Ԩʮֿ˵һЩССɾ⡣
л˵
~
~
~


115 
ʮľʯ, 貵ۡ
Щʯĩ̾ûסһ
һ۾Ȼ
ǳҲЩ죬ʦͬʱۡ
һި
ިԼʦʦʦǵıЩΡǵʮӵľʯչǰʱ, ޷סܣ̾һ
Ǿʯ
һ, ǳʯ壬ӡ
ſڵէһδܿ塣ʮӺÿһжپʯصˡ
ʦ, Һþûʯˡ
ǳ̲ס̾Ϣ
ҲǸ߽׵, ֮Ǯˮ
ɾ, Ʒʯ㲻, Ѿܾûнյʯˡ
ި°, Щʯ۾·ǾʯĹ財
ò˵༫һȷ͵˾µĿϡ
ĩ̾Ҳ˼ڼ, ЦǳĽЩʯȫˡ
, ɴª, Ըڴ, ֻί˵
ĩ̾ЦеأҲԵ˲٣ڳһլԺ, ֤õסΣ
Ԩ֪ƾһЩǮƿ϶þΪ֮ġǵĶ, Ǹøе·
͸, ¾ڴ˴ͺáõϵĵط, Ը
ԨͿ˹֡
ĩֻ̾ǿ̬ȣѾۡ
°ֱͣȥȥܺ죬鷳µȷһѡ༫ˣǳ¡
ˣִ˵ĻСͽ̧ͷ֣λȥʰһӳ
ϡִӦغˬ졣

ĩ̾Ԩʹ˸ɫǳֱӹԼСʦù˹֡
ߡ
ԥ£ƾʦ˼ҿʦԨĿǰԾͶԨ΢΢ףʦ뿪ˡ
Ҳûߵ̫ԶͥԺС
Сʦһ˳ȥģ仯󡣡
ǳ´ԼСʦáǵøյʦŵСʦãǻȫ¶۵ŮŲ˵òϵһЩ΢仯վϵǹҲǲСġ
֮ǰһܴĽˡ
ҲšֺٺЦţ̧°͡
ô̶̰࣬ڼȥһʵսҪ࣬Լö塣
λǳĺʣǳ༫ʲô˼
ʵʵ˵ʦæһ¯
Ԩˣ˵Լʦŵ˶֪Ͼ֮Ӧöһ¡༫ˣˣҲ˼
༫ʧ֮ǰǧɫ˵̫㣬û֪ˡ
ֽ͵
ǳζŶһ
֪ˣͿʦʹʦô
֮أƾôֱʣǲ˵ġǳϲ̵ذ㣬ʯǿǾʯǰһ굽ͷҲΪƷʯҪȥ۱Ȼ˰ѳľʯǰ
ǳĸ˹ˣɻ֡
ٶ࣬Ҳֻס޷ѣҪб뷨ǿɶͬġ
ַѽ⣺Ҳ𣿡
ǳģҲ
ԥ£С˾䣺ܰЩ𣿡
ǳһֱӰԼСʦﵽԺС
˵ҾҵġûǴĻλˡ
ǳԼͥԺеطңҵһöҩ
ľɣⱦʮɽͷҵ꣬Ҳֻܺһ񵤡
񵤺Ե񵤶ͬǿ԰ϵġôһŵҩƷ鵤ҪɶҪԪӤΪ
ô͵ҲֻǰһЩ¶֢״٣𵽵ãǱˮн
ǳĽݷŻУ̾˿ô˵Сʦ𣿡
Ŵͷ
֪ġ֪ж֮ǰΨһİ취ͨϹȥѧϰķȥޡ
Ԩ޷ڽеڶΡ
ڴڼҪģֻȥԵķ
ǡʦ˵ģ̸ס
ҲЩˣʦַݵͬʱ̾˿
˵Ҫʦ¯ǳķݣȻ뵽˵̧ɨõ¯̫һ
ֵ˵ͷ֪ģǳʦ˵ġȻֲ֪ͬ
Ҳ֪ʦܲ
ʵúãҲ֪ǳĵûôģʦλ̸ˣһ¡
˵ǵ̸꣬ʦֵԺæһʱȥԨʰһӳǱ߶û̸ꡣ
Ҳ֪жٻĵġ
ǹʱۿ춼Ҫƻˣǳӽȥ׼ţҲȥæ֡
κΨһľϴˡһƬҶһƬҶӵϸϸϴϴǳûģӰ˹ͷļˡ
ֻǳŶ׼ˡ
һӵռѼƬȣز޼⻹мǡ
һĴˣӣǱߴʦ·ԨʦһߺЦһ
ԨֻɨһĲ֪СʦŵȷǱܳ谮ġ
һӵˣóˣƫǾȫֱţҲǼҶӲΪɫˡ˵һᰮԵǡ
Ƭ̺ҧſӷ֣ʦԨϵܺãһӣЦø
ѵ˵뿪ʲô֪鷢
һʼûһ𰸡ͷԾС
ֱߵСʼġ
һӣÿתţǼһ۵ֵС
ֳԵö̧ͷ
Ա㣬ﺬǣڻƻһ̣ҹĻٵ֮Уشŷ磬޽Ƿ˿΢΢ζ
ԨĿ
ʦţȷչֳòɺ⡣⣬κʱûмġ
ϹûУûУڵҶɾûУڳ༫ûС
Ƕھŵɡ
ŷ磬ǣδСҡϻŽţҡλȥȹƮƮȥ
ԨΪʲôڶ̶ʱڣԼ˾֮С
Ŵ˴
ިϢ˲ʱֱȥ䳡
ʦ˵Ļ㻰ġ˵ҪСʦõʵǰûк̾˽
䳡ϵ֮ǰѾ˽ȻͬĲ˸ԼСལϲ̵ضި˵š
ʦ㣬ڿˣ
ިֻܲΪϵı仯Ƕ沢ȷ
˹ºިһжϡ
ѹСʦȥʵʦʱѾ֮ǰУҲģزһ
СʦõĽǻϤ޷һһܹ
Ҳ͵ȻΪ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ㹻ķ񣬿ިǰ㽣ǲġ
˶įֱ̃̾¿һȰ
СͽިĽôˡ
ɲǣСʦһ˻ܴ󰡡
ǳҲɵõͷ
ֻԨһδڻ轣֮µŬδӴֱһȻѷ˶Сལʼ˺ѧ轣Ҳûкܾá
һʼĿĿܹУٵڣިĽ޶棬ܿѹá
ĳˡ
ֽʹʦĽһʦ˽΢΢ס
Ҳ֪ˡ
СʦãҼŬ츳仯Сˡ
ûסЦۡ
ʦҲҼĴʦ㣡
֮£û˵Ľܱȴʦá
ʦöˣһٻവ
Ԩһ࿴˺ܾãֻǳϲá
δȥָķ䣬ڴŷϤϲʦŵһС
ֱʦôһѵ䳡ϻ˲ٵȥϴ˸ܿ˯ˡ
ڶҪʹʦȥɽء
Ժ룬Ҳ֪ʲôλá
ܲڵ˰ɡԲԨǰôˡ
峿îʱԾŵĴûзŵǡˣʦֲڡ
ֻһɫȹͥԺֽšŴʦȥɽ
îʱިֱӸַһȥɽɽŵ
ִֵɽʱʦѾڵˡ
˶һۡ
ȥɣҿڵ㣬߶Զ
ި°͡
һɽ·
ɽġôߵɼ֮֡ǰÿߵ۵һĵط
֮ǰ˵һǵֽպѹߵʱͷ
ֱһŷ֣ԭɼ־ɽţȻô
ǰ־붼ܲסġ
ֽ»ӯިʼĿ
һ·˰ɽ֮ǰδִĵطŲл
ֽЩۡӦ·ߵʱ䳤µġ岢û֮ǰɽѹѹôĸо
𣿡ިѣҪӲš
֮ǰСʦòҿһ·ӲߵʱߵľȥŪЩһԵСؼҡ
˿ި¶Ц⡣
û⣡ʦ㣬ҾһⶼûУ
˵ġһûи֮ܵǰǲӿѹ
һǰ˱仯
ި˵ʲôֻĽŲʱԼСʦõһЩ⡣
Сʱߵŵ۵ĵزԼɽ岨ӿѹѹ˵ѾԶû֮ǰĿɲˡ
Ӿܼߡ
ֻǿҪߵɽĵزŷԭÿһ϶µѹ͸ǿҡ
һ֮ʱѹÿһ֮ǰ۵ȫѹɽԽԽѹǷϮ
ֽ߲ˡ
أͷѾ˱һ㺹⡣
弸ڳ֮ǰδܹѹŲһŲŲǾƣء
Ѿ֪ʦʼԹԵת
ʦ㣬߲ˡ
ֶި¶һɵЦ
ިδСʦλȻɽ塣Ƕ̶̰ķֿУؾ˲١
ţܰˡ
ި֡
߰ɣǻȥ
ɽɽѣȫʦţ·ǵײײأֱӻԭͣһźɫСſިĻУдʦȥֱػ˻βͣʦ㻳ǳǳ˯һ
ިܾûбë׵СʦãҲüЦء
ֱߵɽ£һ¿꣬˼Ц⡣

΢΢ף˺س֡
ҪСꡣ
ި벻ԼСʦãô׸
û뵽ǣԨֵͬʱлһǮӡ
ҪͷިɲģǸ׼Ǯͷһˡ
ָʹһǮ
ިŲ׼ۣͷǮǾʯ
ĬһֽеĺɫС˳ȥ治ɫӹǮӣǿͣÿƷ಻˼
Сʦ˯ˣ㡭
ިúܿСʦ˯ˣҲǸСʦŪѵˣǸСʦûһֵǮĺѱŰˡ
ԨСӹ֡
۾ûѾԾһȦѰҵϤҲƣ˯úݡ
ިôһӵľʯ˵ȥԼʦܡӴȡһžʯָʹʦȥЩ
ǳļҸжԼҴʦȻô󷽣һʯȵʱ
ѾʯԼǮϻһƷʯ룬ƷʯƷʯȥǣרʿ׼̺š
ˣʦҲ˲һƷʯ
һ˯úܺãԼϤĻ֮кܰģһ˯ůʱ
ֱ۵ʱֲŷԼȻСģһ˵ĻС
ûȥ붼֪Ԩ
ԨںԺĲ˵﹡һѿĽϣô
ۣЦͷıǼ⡣
˯ˣ
ֻ˻ԴҡΡ
Ԩôѽ
ֺΧ԰ûбˡ
ֻԨԨ˲֪ã̫ɹůء
ѹΣμ˺ϵ«ɹ̫
ԸġԨ˵˵żС̤˵Ǵ˵Ҫһ԰ӵˡ
ó༫˵ԼС԰ˡ
ãŵĲ԰ɸɾ߲˳ϲˣ﹡߶洦ʢСҰ
вٺ߷ȥ
⣬Ԩ²ֻϲġ
ֵȷϲġʦ¶ڲ԰żݽˮβݣ԰ӸĻÿζQһϡ
ڲ˵ﻷһȦ
ڿҪҪ̫ͳֵ
˵ʦҲһ黨ԣ֮ʦ･ֵģʻʢҲ̫ܺͳ飿
ֿԨ
Ԩһ£ԵⲡԥƬ̡
ȥֻأҪҪȥϢ
Ŀǰûбİ취Ԩ꣬ϢҲˡ
ԨĻشֵ
ҲߡȻţӦҲǲȥϢġ
߻ǰԺֵĶǳһЩҩĵ¼ʲôСɫҲ죬ȥͷ׵ģÿ
ֿ˿ԣλõͦӦǰµĻԤеط
ʹӽа̫ͳ˳
Ǵ뿪༫󣬾һֱĵҶɾ⻹ǵһ뿪
һأشΧ
ڿİİĻʱ̫ߴߴʣǲҪˡ
ô໨лвٵĺɫ䣬İԼ
ҵʦŶʮֿĵظǽܴ˴ŻΧһȦ
̫ͳԴİĵطû̫뷨ֻֻ᲻
ֶ|صͷҵȻѽҵʦš
Ԩһ
ҲԨ
ԨǶﰲûκɻˡϾһֱˮݵԨҲڣؾ¼ˡ
رԾȥԷλãеڻԣеĻȥһȦ
ֻȥϷһƶСԡ
Ū׼ˮԨ׼׵
ԼȥСˮȥдˮ·ǽˮ
ϤģһźЩʮġ
ֶڵϣϥͷԨ
ǽˮʱ֪ĸˮĸЩ潽ˮģ̲ס룬ڳ༫ʮаĶϵġ
ԨֺȻһ
һƣɻسü
ȴ¶һ¶Цҡҡͷ
ûʲô
ǺȻһ
ܻӦ
ܸѽ
˵СԹԨǽˮ˳·ȥѺβСС
ְǷȥʱ򣬻ЦԨ˵
ʦ㾭ںСӣзнš
Ԩ֪߹Сǵġ⻹һζԨԴú档
˵ʦʦǳģʦ˫
СֹСʦֲͻôˡ
ʦͶʦ֣޶ȴĮ˺𣿡
ţѡ
Ԩ޶ȴĮĸʱü΢һ˿仯˵һƬĮʵһżһҴ򣬾ͳˡ
ֵһתһ룬ʦʦͶʦ֣Ǿ޶ȴĮǰȻǵġ
ϣʦͶʦСʦ֡
һʦŵ˶ˡ
ôһ룬ֲŷʦ֮еĴҺ񻹴ûͬһùأ
ֺ˻㣬Ѿ쵽δʱˡ
ǳרȥ˲ٵʳ˳ȥǰ̯ʦҲ˻
ĩ̾С¨ʱС̾Ϣ£ĲŰһǧʯĳβھȻһʯǮ˰ɡ
ʦ⻰Ҳ˵ˡǳʦС¨ȡǳβˣʦЩβһʯģһǧʯ
ĩ̾ؾһָ
ǳŴһǧʯ
ĩ̾һʯ
ǾԼǮЩݣ䣺βҲҲųβҴ綼
ϾβĴڣǺҪġ
ʦǳֻһ¨ĳβ۾ˣͲ˽ۣ
ġĩ̾̾Ǻƻúܣ˵һʯһʯһʯ
壿ǳһ㶣Сʦãбĺ壿
ǰĩ̾ްѱ棬һ壬β
β
ȥʦʱ򣬾ͿͥԺеϣѷ˲ٵĺɫĻ䡣
ʦЩҪֵ𣿡
ֻΪЩǻԤطĻ֡ںһûеõʦĻشԱųβȥ˻ԡ
Ԥػкܶ࣬óСЩβѡһʵĵط
ûβǶ֣βûлģֻǻ
뵽˳ҲûлˣҲǻȥҲǿԵġ
ְѳβС룬ֹ㹻
֡
˵βͦÿ֪ʦĻʦִġ
β׼ȥʦȴʦͥԺвͣʲô
βأβأֵʮʯĳβأ
ʦֵ죬һ١
ʦ֡
ԥ˺һСʣ˵ĳβǲǷɫ꣬ɫģ
ǰǳҧأʦ˿ˣǮġôˣ
ʦôһ˵Լ²ЩӦòҪڻġ
Щεش˴ָ
ȥˡ
ǳû塣ֻ÷Ŵ𽥼˵Ұѻڡˡ
ִʦȥԿЩβֽȥȻ۵ġкŵģҲʢŵġ
ƯƯǳβûлڻûͻ
ʦö˶ڻԣ߬С
ҡˣ
ȵȵȡǳ˸ϸ̽һԣܸоβλЩ΢ʦɡ
һȣȵԨ
ԨΪȥʦܿͻȴһӾͽӵûˡ뵽ǣ˹ȻڵڿŻ
ԶһЩ
ԨۿǺ޻꣬ɫĻ䡣
β
Ҳʶ
ǳֻʦ˵ǳβǲδһ䣺ܹʲôļֵ𣿡
ԨĿȴϡ
֮Ǽǰĺ֮
Ҳ֪
һ㶡Ǻ֮
֮Ҳͦġ
ĩ̾
ֶʦʦ߹ƳۻĳβƺЦЦ
ĳβи֣β
лβĵطͿѶѰͬ顣
塭ͬ飿
Ѿסˡԥ˺һСʣʦŪģ
ġĩ̾°ͣһһ壬ú޹ƭǮɲһǧʯĳβһʯ

塭ʦǸģ
Ķ㲻òġĩ̾ζ˵⻨ˣ綼㡣
գۣδôͻȻһ죬ĺ壬ŵĺϢ

ֲɵЦۡ
ͷȥǵһʱںԨ˵ԨбĺŶҲһˣ
ǹһֻˣҲͬġ
ԨĿЩβϣɨһĩ̾ĿԣӶԷ۵׿˱˴˵⡣
ջߣԨֵͷһֱһꡣ
һֱ㣬𣿡
һ㶡뵽У뿪༫Ԩǻߡۺ״̬ۺʱεء
ͷԨС˵Ԩ˵⻰ʱҾʲôĴڶҸҮ
л˵
~
Ƕһ
~


116 
õϢ˶ǿĵ, ˯˸رΣһ϶¶ЦС
尡
𴲿, ڴһŴĿ˸
Ҳܿһͬˡ
Ҳ֪ͬ嶼ʲôӵģ
ֽյûбʦȥɽ, ȥʦʦæһ¯
Сͽ
ĩ̾ͥԺɣʺʱʵ¯ȥµС, һ
¯, ΪʦĻޡ
ĩ̾˵رֱӣõ¯, ûжô, һεҲ, ǳţǸġ
һ뵽ԼϹù, ׼ġʱŵȷûʲôӦֻôһΡ
ѹֳʦ˵, Ҫʯ¯ר˵Ҫȥ, ȥҽŵʦ
ССʵʦ𣿡
ǰû, Ǻ죬ȥҿռ顣
ĩ̾°ͳ˼Ƭ̣
쵽, ȹʱ˵ȥġȻȥҽʦռ飬һʯ, ¯ġ
һ㶣ֱҪ𣿡
Ȼأĩֱ̾׳, ҲҪǲ, ôӴԴ
ʦǲЩ̫Եˣ
ֻ˵ԵǴҽᡣҪҪſ
Сʦá
·ͥԺʦʦöԻǳûסһ䣺ŵĿռ飬ʦʦܵͽܡ
ŶȻѾѳʦˡҲóƺʦ֣ҹϵڡǳĲһ䡣
Щ𾪵ģʦʦܡʦʦܣ
Ϊľ£Ǽ򵥵߸ˡԭʦҲͬŵѽ
ȻأΪʦҲʯͷİɡΪʦʦʦʦò𣿡ĩ̾˵Ҫ֪ʦţȻ㲻϶෱ʢûġ
Ŷһʣʦŵأ
ǳû˵ɿ쿴ĩ̾
ĩ̾û̫෴Ӧ赭д˵ǰһƽٰˡ
ʦǶˡĩ̾˵ʱ۵׻ЩΡ
գգۣһǻԴĺƽ١
ʦžʣʦǡ
ԣѳʦţڽŵʦռ顣
ֺȻһ
֮ǰϽŵʢʱ֪˾ŷǱ˽ţ˵λҲͬŵĿռǽŵʦĻ
ʦֺʵռǲǾǽŴģ
ĩ̾һð춢ֿȻرοص˵ͷ
ɵͽ֪ˡ
ͽܶƭʦһˣͽ֪ܲԭݴʦ
ֻ治⣬Ц˵ҲԼҽŵʱΪβűʦߡ
ӶһʦһȺʦʦ֡
Ե
Եڴˡ
ҪȥŻЩʱأڴ֮ǰֱʦȥ˿ɽ
Ҫһ¯ȾҪѡʵĿʯ
СʹõĿʯһѡȡһּҹڵĿʯôʯͷһܹļҹ֮ɫ
ֿʯֲɼͲɼ졣ſڿɽôһ£ұߴС¨ԭʯ
ţԨʳУרŸ͵ġ
һ˴ֻΧɽǰбɽʯ¶ʯḻͽֿɴĵز
һκ˵ĵĿ󳡡
ôĿ󳡣ֻСһС¨ڿҿڿ
ڽɽĸо
Ԩʳһ㣬һռȣһ㿾ţ⣬һ
ûжǰԷϰߡͲûζ˺óԵģر˵ء
С¨£ɽµСʯóŪøɸɾԨһּȣһСӺ
ͷԣԨΪɽҵµͷ˳
Ȥֱӽͷϵķٲˣһһٻ١ϵϷ£ķ٣ҪƯĶࡣ
ҲΡ
ͷżȣԨͷûκĵطڳ༫ϰԨ岻ʱᷢƽĶۣԨķٱ࣬ķٸƯ
Ưģ
ԨͷҲһСˡ
ֽʳȫʰãԱУá
ԨҪһڿ𣿡
ֻСͳһСⴸָԨ
ԨСⴸ£ĺһڿɽѰҿʯ
˴ɽֻһԭԨʶ̽һ˴ɽĿʯֲʯ
Ȼʯ˵֮¼ΪϡȱĴˡ
ӵôһ㷺Ŀɽ㲻ƶ
ʦ£ֶһƶʵǮۿĵز
иȤ֮ˡ
ԨһĿ󣬽Ŀʯɼˡ
ֻصҶϣʵҲ㲻öࡣ
ʹù¯߸ߡ߸ߵ¯ôһʯһġ
ʦ˵ô࣬ôǹġڶҴԭʯȰѿʯɡ
ҾͲԨܽȥˡ
ڶ⣬һȴ·ȡ˸ΧѴϣϵϵϣԼС𴸣ʮʼֽ⡣
һͲǵһȫעؽЩԭʯСô
Ԩδ֡ڳ༫⣬ʦţʻо֡
Ԩһʱȥɽɽ
ڼ䣬ֽɼĿʯȫãϸϸ
ڼССعֻͣʱ䣬ŽЩҹ֮ڵĿʯɡ
ɵĿʯһҲءֹһĲõġ
ǰʦԸģЩˣȥʦ
ĩ̾ڻԣźЩβ
ĳβΪ£ЩȻû˥ܴԼʼˡ
ĩ̾˴Ѵѵʯ縺źЩβΣˮڻԣȰųβ
úóöһƯһ㣬ԺǾֵǮĴ󱦱ˡ
ʱЩβĩ̾ѾһɪɪĿģʱԷתˢˢû֡
ĩ̾һģͷȻԼСͽܡ
Сͽ㿴Щ㲻۸Ϊʦĩֱ̾׳ָЩɪɪС˵ΪʦȥˣҲܻʯ
ֿ۳βǡ
ЩʦԼģʦø˵ġ
ֲòϣԼ֪Ǻ֮ǶԳβĸ档
ͷӸʮžʯСʦС
ʦͽ𣿡
ĩ̾ǶСͽܣû뵽֮ϲ
ҲʮžʯЦеžʯ
ʲôԼСͽиǮӣǮӾǾŵˡ
УЩˡĩ̾˾ʯʮִ󷽵ذЩβĹ֡
˵գˮҲ֡
ǸսˮҲûʲô¡
ֱˮʦ棬ѾеĿʯϡ
ʦЩʯ١ǲǲѽ
ˣô࣬һ¯´ࡣ
ĩ̾ȥͽܵĹΡڵһαְִŽѧ󣬶ڶҵһжǺϤġʵԶһЩԭʯˣ϶ڻ¡
һزֵڶҲǱȽҪһ
Ϊʦдһţţȥҿռ顣
ĩ̾°ͣʱΪʦҲܰáʯոպá
Ȼ
ԥһ¡
Ԩ
ҪȥһˣؿҪСµĹ˵ĻԨҪʦˡ
ģλƴֵĵԲ˿
ĩ̾Сֹ˾䣺ʧЩǮơΪʦһЩðõЩҩҲǰ׼Ǯơ
Ĳе㵣ĵԨܲܽһ㡣
ϡִԨǲֿġ
ϾӳҪһ·Ҫֿ
־ŻǵȥһǲܽܵĻҲȻȥȫŪˣȥ
Ԩںɽɽ
˴ɽ岻ͬɽɽɽûɽѹֻһͨɽ塣
Ļ١ɽ崦ŷɽһЩ졣
ɽ嶥ֻһž޴һͱڣûκڵ֮£ǲӿĿ˳Ͽ֮ƺƴ˳żɽ͵ɽ壬γһɻӿ֮ƣΪ쳹ɽȵĲŭ
Ԩ´
Χһɰɫ֡
ûпԶһʯȹԨ
ʵٴԨ
ڹȥİ䣬ԨĴ˵Ȼֱ׮׮ҲִδдԨĻᡣ
ֱ˿ֻ̣֮нŭͷ紵Ҷİ֮£ĬĬעԨıӰ
ˡˣˣôҲϸɫϵԵֶе㲡
УԨδй˵Ĳģ
׽١
ֺסˡ˵֮ǰԼĻ壬׽٣˴Ϲһڶ壬չ󣬲û׽١
⵽ʲô£˵׽ٵĵ񣬺ͻ岢޹ϵ
Ǿͺá
˿ʱ׽٣ԼԨ˳ɶҪչ˼ʮˡ
־һ׽֮ʱκ׵ʱ
ԲԨΪֵ
һʱŴʱԨ֮ѡ
Ѹ֪дϢֱһС󣬲ۡ
Ҳ̲ˣվ
Ԩ³΢΢֡
Ԩ
ߵ£ᵽһɵĹ
ͷǿŹҶҶǳɫС黨
ͷԨ濴С˵ҪȥһˣҪµĹڼ䣬ʦŵңȻس
Ԩ΢΢ۡ
ȡ
ɴؾܾ
ִ㵵صɴۣԨڵزһ䣺ҡ
ǽţҲԼңǱ˷ˣҪ⣿
ֵȷǳ㿼ǡ
Լʦźͱ𴦲ͬȻʦҲöԨԨʦžǰȫݵġ
ǽʲôطţ϶˼༫ġ
˶Ԩأ
ԨǾƲܸġ
ȴǰ΢̧̣˸
һ̣ǰ𽥱仯
վֶģһʮ|ģꡣ
ǵĿȻͬǰԴһ
ֲգۡ
ף
ǰĿֵϡ
Ҿ˰ɡ
΢΢һЦůѩڵ財
Сʦ㣿
л˵
~
е̡
~


117 
ַԨĺóԼ任һ󡣽ӽԨķâ, ǱΪ˵µһЩ֮£ǰģִδ뵭Į
˵, ԨģЩϡ
϶üٴĵز
ôϸϸһִüҵϤķâ
òǽӽԼ, ôֺͿƣǺĿȣ˿ǸǱѩڣŶ˪ѩϢ
ȫ޷һĵز
ʮǡôغһСʦ㡣
ΪСʦõ, ɳܵĶˡ
ִԨɽ, ȥʦ
һ·ި, Цֺʹʦк, ȴިŶ¶һЦ, Ԩɫ䣬һޱرϷ˸ۡ
ûƤ˹Ȼû졣
ިǿ, ༫, Ըƽɫֵǰ, СʦǸúġ
ɲ˸ȥ
ǿ
, ިװʶǰ꣬һ԰ۡ
ԨΣֵĴʦ, ֪ǳģҲֻš
һ˫۰ˡ
ҲûִʦԨ, ʹʦ˵, Ҫȥһˡ
ռͬ, ͺ۲ͬ㡭Ҫʮ־ţٸͬŵ档
ިҪȥռ飬ԥ죬˵
Ȼ
Ȼռѳʦŵģ˵ҲʦʦܵͽܣʦˡµѰѣҲȷÿ֡
οȥ˼Ұæġ
֪ˡ
ިԥ£˵ǽҪȥˣܵøﰡ
ɲҪǮ
ǾűĶ˵ҪǮһϣʦ¶ιһܡΪʦި㹻Ĺϣѡһ²Ϊȥ
²ݺܺԾϣ˵һֱزȱݡƫƫûһ²ݣȫǴ繺ġ
һ²ǻʯҲֵơ
ֻھûʲôãСԺѡһ곤۵ģ˿ţһ꼵ľϻУһӿžʮֵĸš
Ǿǰʱ׼ĺˡ
ݺװڽУ׼һʯʦָģøռҲһ顣
Ҫæܰ˸ɻʯ˼˼
ˣԭֱǿȡᣬǻǶ˿ռһʯ
Щʰã͸ȥˡ
ʦ¶Ԩ̬ͬȥûκαʾĩ̾Ԩ˺һۣ̲סץԴСӾ˭ģʵ졣
ʶЩˣǰǳƽУһʣˡ
ĩ̾벻ͲȥˡҲʶԨйصκˡ
ߺԨ׼ˣþСͽܵǰš
Ȼź;Ŷ񣬵ǽȻͬĴڡ
ǳǽʮʮɽ֮Сڸĵĸ֮УռĶĴСνƵʮ֮ˡ
ŵǧڣ˵ҲΪһˡ
ֵԨ֮ˣδѡлߺ˸ëǣ˳ǰǡ
ǺٶȱȷҪЩҲûгԶ󲻹ʱ͵ִˡ
ҪȥһҪǷѵġ
ֺԨŶʱ˵ʿʮֶࡣصģеȺеǹ衣ֻһȦôʿǵʿҪʮ
Ҳ͵ŶӺ
ֺԨڶ֮Уʵۡ
Ԩ̬˲ٵΣգǶһЩ߲ʵĮòеĴȣʹ˶࿴һ۶顣
վһ˵Χķ˳ϻ̳ϿֽǵĤݣΧŶӵʿҲ鲻ԽֽһԨԶһ㡣
ЩĿ⣬Ǵͷβûͣ
ֲ̫ϲЩ˴
ڴ˿̣ԨӽһŴɴĶңֵͷϡ
ɴ棬ڵסֹҡ޵ò
ԨڣƾҲ˸Ҷ࿴һۡ
ȥĽǷѣͳʯ
ȴʯҪ
ӣʯһ¡
Ҹʯġ

ӵһǵĽǷһʯ֡
ʯ
Сһֻʯ
ٴ֣Ԩǰ˵ʯ
ԨһתȴǶ°͡
ʯɡ
ַӦˡŶԨһһӵʯȫǷġ
ͷʯݸġ
Ŀɨ֣ɨԨ
ֵܷΪĪ⣬ԨΪǳ̲סһ
ҲС
һ㶡С
СԨȴԴûκֵ󣬻һֻ߽Ů޴ƤСɡ
ִŶ´ʵİͺ棬߹ţСԨ
ʲôС
Ԩ룬ֽ͡
һǮҾС
æҡͷڵĺöǮҵģҲС
Ԩ̿
¶Ц⣬ЩɵһͷŮǡ
ǽϵŮ޷ŮһԨǳЦʧǣ۾գգۿ
ӵġ
ֲ⣬ֻǮĹϵȻҪŮ
ִ︢ǣм졣ǵڸѰջš
˺üҿջʾûпͷˡЩĿͷȫ˳ȥ
֪ʮŶǰףأʿ̫ˣǰ£ûпշˡ
ƹļֲֽһ䡣
΢΢ɴۡȻ˹֡ף˶ǰӡ
ûпջĻѵҪԨסڻĽҰ⣿
ֻߣܽȥҶɾס
ֻ˼ԣǶ¥˵һŮߺһ
ӷȹӵλƯѣ
֪ڽԨקקӣʾ̧ͷſ¥ϣǸȹŮڳҡ֡
ѣǲҲס
ִ󷽷˵ţ˵ûзˡ
Ϊ˴ĿͷҼҰˡŮЦеſΧϳЦҼ˲࣬ǻϷûסҿƯΪԵ䷿Ӹ㣬ɺã
۾һǿ̫ˣлѣ
ֵ׼Ůմ¥ʮֲ̧־סֵ֡
ÿҼжϲźͲ࣬ǱСһЩһһðɡ
ŮԨϣһ죬ߴʣǺֳһ𣿡
ֳ
ֺȻԼԨڵݶλһۡ
Ҫ˵Сʦ
ʦܡ
ֳƺԨĪЩ߳ܡ
ǵġ֧֧˰죬С˵ǡʦܣ
˵˵ƫ˵Լȷ
Ԩȴǿ΢΢ۡ
Ů۾һЦи˿ڣ˵ǼѳС뺰һã˵֮ҪΪű֣λһͱΪһʦɡ
ֻûϹôʹϵˡ
ԥ˺ð죺Ѳ𣿡
ϾǲʶˣŮĸ䷿ӣǸĳĺˣֱһô飬ҲԲ
ǾȺѰɡѣҽҦճҦҡ
Ҧ˵ҲͶݻӦ֣Ǿš
ҦЦЩߣǣֵ¥ȥ
һ·һ·˵ͬʱûסĻͷһ۸Ԩ
˸ݣխȣҲ㱣ҦЩûȣһַӦ죬ס
û°ɣЩ㵵طҦɻصͷ̨ס
̨ҲխҦȻǲ磬ǲδȵȹڣô˺ö˶˵أƽˤ
ҦɫΣվȺ˸л¼ҴȥӺŷ
˴׼䣬Ҧסĸ䡣
ֵѲÿһӦҦͷϡЩ
ĺܸл֣µصллҦ
ˣҳ⣬ǸġҦЦ֣ȻߴؿԨ
ֵѾסڴ˴Ҵλѣȥһ䷿
ָҪͷԨ֮ǰĬһ·ֱ˿̧̲ͷһοҦһۣǿҦС¹ײߵ
Ƴ֡ɵѾͷվǶء
˶֪
Ԩ΢΢̧°ͣŮΪУ˹ˡ
лͷ
峺ͳƵɬؿ
Ҧ࣬ŵ١
Ԩ»ߵֵǰ
Ǽ䷿ķţֵĺһƣȥһ㶣ûз˳˷šԨֵĽŲż
תԼӰֳ׵ſۣŷҦ΢΢ס
ȴԶ
ʦͬסһ䡣
ȻӲҦǰ޳ָţ£
˨
л˵
~
ٺٺ٣
~


118 
ۿԨǰ, һ㶡
סһ䣿
عͷеҪһ, Σ
ȻԨȷҪϢģҹ, ͬסһȷû
䷿ֻһ䣬ҦǸˣѣҲԸȳһ䡣
á
ҹҲȷ, Ԩ, һ໤, ҹδ, ֱҹ, ְ˯֮ʣԨŷϣ˯һʱ
峿, ջ, ˵Ǹ׼, Ǻʱá
ʮּ򵥵, 嵭ɫɫСһöԲཱུļ
ٳ档
ԨԳҲûθڣԶ׼ȥҵʲôġٸԨһŴĶ
ǸǵСԺڱ𴦳Եòͬ糿, òһһ߲, Ҳˡ
õʯ͸Ͻ߰, ҸоҳԲߡ
ͿԱٹȵصԼθڡ
ԨҲ˲·, һ·϶ʳ֪ҪֻҪع鵽⸬ĵزˡ
ãȥ̽һ׼ȥš
ȶ˻صջڿջҦ
һˣӵż͸зˣҲдǳĵӡۻһΧм䣬̬ȴǳϻ̳Ͽֵء
ѻˡ
ҦվЦɫЩӲģĿϣǲģŬЦ
ѣ֪ҹ˯ÿɺã
Ԩ˳Ľëһգƽ˵ʦҹҹδߣ˯ǻ
Ҧе˼ЦƤӶˣЩ鴤ĸóɲΪֻģ
Ҫ֪ģ꣬һĶɤۣͲдŻؼ븸æˣƵ꣬Ȼʦп͡
νǰһĸ˼ֵ꣬һ϶˯ã»һƬࡣ
͹ѹˣҪ˵ʲôҹ˯á
ûҦôһ˲˪Ƶ裬Ѿˡֶ˵֪ܻеġôһ˲ҦһЩġ

ʲô˼ȥҲûоԼԲλҦˡ
ܲ־ĬĬס䷿ǮҦѳҲռ˼ұˣһл
֪˼ǻҪռ˼ұ˵ġ
һ̣ҦӲЦ
ôδŰɣһ𣿡
ҦͨˣǺʦЩϵˡ˿ܻð죬˵ͨȤһҲܹԼȥ
̫ⷴԲһڡ
ͨ˺Ҧ̬תˡ
ֿʮɻ󡣾ô̶̵һҦȻת̬
ϲٵ־Ҳ֪λҦѵﾭʲô
ֵûҦѶǵʧˣ˿飬ҲûоܾԾͺԨҦѵ
ԴҦһʳǿû
ֳһڶҪͣһ¡
ô˵أȷÿһڶҧˣԵöЩꡣ
һ࿴Уδֱ꣬ӽеز˼еԼУֽӼеС
Ǳһһ߲
ҧſ۰ͰͿԨһز˼ߵԨھͷ
ҦǲûҧԼĿӡ
ˣԸôô᣿
ҪЩദʱ䣬ǲˣ
ΪʲôҪŰ۾
ѡҦֳԵòҪ¿ӵʱЦʣǣǰǿΪ٣
ǽɡֵ˵ͷ
Ҳ𣿡
ⲻҵȻҲǣҦЦеأ꼴ԵǻΪȥţĺԵ֣һǰȥΣ
ȴ˿ʿͬ·ˡ
ֲ̫ȷλҦѻ᲻ֺȻ̬֮ԥ»Ǿܾˡ
ˣҺ͡Լȥͺá
ҦģƼֵѿ֮ǰӦòδȥŰɣ궼ȥͽŵӹϵơһʶʢʢʦ֣ʢʦֵܸ֪ɣ
ʢأ
΢΢üڰݵ档ɽٵͬʱڵҼһʢصˡ
ʱˣҲȷ
Ҳ֪˳̨õһ˭
̾˿
š
̬ȴǵġ
ҦɵüʢĴڣλֵѶûͲ̬ˡ
˵ʲôǾţûصȷƫԶСѹֲ˾ɫˣ֪ء
ҦԾԼ¡
ֵѣǰҪġҲǽŵĵӻǰ·Եȥ롣벻ڡ
˵ֺĵ֪ûأ
һ㶡

ֻһţʦдģӦòˡԭҪȥţҪ
Ǽ⣺ûС
ɵüʦûᵽһ㣬ǲ˵ûǰһˡ
Ҧȷˣ˶СţΪʲô
Ǻ˵ҦģҴֵѺλӰɡ
۾һ
ǾͶлҦˡ
ǽȥŵһ£
ԨȫûзԣֻĿɨҦ񿴶ʲôش
Ȥ
˶ֺԨǸҦһǰš
ҦʲôʿǳҦңǸһЩӵģǰȥԤһԺ
ҲΪҦҵݣҦҲයųֺԨһ𣬳δǰš
֮ؾ븢ǲԶ˵úܽ
Ҧҵķδִŵİٲ̨£Ͳʹδˡ
һδҦֺ֪Ԩ㵽
ǽŵĹأߺˣ̤ʵ߹ٲ̨סʾء
˼
ôһȷǺų
ǾȫͬҲͳ༫ȫͬ
ǴŵĹء
ҦңԵĻбͷʿҲڡ
Ҷǽ̤ʵȥ߰ٲ̨ס
㿴ҶҡҦѺõֵ࣬СĵƳԨԼͷС˵ҶŹϵƣУ˵ҶʮŮҶ磬ҪͽŴӶ»ˡ
Ϥ֡
Ҷ磿
ѽҦΪֲ֪赭д˵ҶҵŮȻŮʴӱΪȲ˶ҪǿҶһŮˡ
ʮǰһ֮˲٣ΪҲ˲Ҧ߷ߵΪʱСĵɽ£ʢʦֿܣʢʦô꣬һ˰ٰշ
һ
ͷԨСʣ㻹ǵǸҶ磿
Ԩ˺ܾá
ִ̨ʱ̫ܿˡֻǵһ̨ǺһŮӡŮӴ򲻹֣ڲЩ¡
Ů˭ԨܼסҲֻôһˡ
Ǹָ淢ݵģ
ֵ˵ͷ
Ƕ˴ܣǲ¸Ҧ֪
ԨֻҲЩУ˴һ֮󣬻һ𣿡
Ҳ˵Ҷ㲻ǷˣԨΪ꼸ˣǻ᲻֮Ҳòˡ
ᡣԨ˵治ɫƭС꣬гһΪȫޣֻ֮¶ɱǧΡ
Ķˡ
ǿɾԲԨ䵽һ
ôһ졣Ԩ֣͵͵һͷ͵룬Σ
һ⻰ͷĿƣ̧ͷɰͰ͵Ԩһۡ
ġ
ԨһЦ
Ȼ룬Ʋߵһ
ʹôһ졣
Ԩĵ룬ˣһΪ㡣
ֺԨ磬Ҧ˵ҶңȻ˵ˡϸһȴڴܡ
Щˣü
ʲô£Ҫ洫ܣ
̫ˡ
ҦҵĵŮҦҵź󱲡
ֵѡ
Ҧ̲סһ
̿һ˫峺
עţҦһ㲻Ҳɢ
ָָֻԶһ
ǾҶҵӦҶҵҶ磬ʮҶ˼˼
ԴҶˤˣΪ˺λҶ˼˼ͻͽΪҶҵĺ֮㡣Ҧǳңʲô֪С˵Ҷ˼˼˵Ѿýˡ
Ȼ΢΢ס
ǾǱһ硣
Ŷڻǽ
ֲȷԴںԼ꣬Զ֮ǰĽȻͬǲδжɽףǾ˵ǽ𵤲ǣ
λѡҦ̧Ԩδ˵ʲôأͺһƬƺ㣬̫Щ֪λôƺ
ҲԨ
ԤС

Ȼ국ֻ֡ƫø⺬
˵ŶЩ飬Ҧ쵽
ҦĿ䣬ʺϵѣֻѹס˰֡
̣ǿסԼЦ⡣
˵Сȡֵʱ򣬿ɲ֪⡣ȴСǼΪϲġ
СԨǶԨĻСǵ֣Ҳų֡
˵ֻ츳
Ҧҿ䣬ǳ΢΢ü
ȷ
Ҳȡ
ֵѣѣҶ˹ϵҲȥҶ˴кһȥ
Ҧʵ
ȴҡͷˡ
ĶҶϲܾſҶ磬һʮֱŤĲʸС
ǸԼֱĺ꣬ϲģҪƵ
ҶһݰϵĲϲ
ҦСɨԨ
չʾԼݣЩǰĵλء
ϾңҲǲСŸʲϵӵܣܸҪ˸߿ֵĲŶԡ
ָ֪ҲҵġԨ˾⣬֮»ûзţͷ϶Щš
Ҧ׸Ϲӿ״
һߵٲ̨ǰ
̨͸ɫʯͷĥɡÿһ㶼Ųͬıǡ³˽ꡣ
Űٲ̨ףҲȥģҲȥˡٲ̨ףҲ㲻ʲô
ǰȹ׼̨Ҧͺزһ䡣
˵̨׵ãųΪʯֱܷ˻Բ˶ȥء
ֵĽڰգûȥ
Բۡ
Ҫ飬Ϊ˵
ˣҦҲ֪ȫû뵽һϡ
ǾƲ̨ܲȥġ
ֱջؽš
µȹӡ
̫ˣҵһȡ
ڿΧ
ٲ̨׵ΧһƬ޼ֵġ
ڿҪҪɺȥ
ֻǵҶݵǰ޶ģغҶҹϵƵĽҲˡ
źܲϲ𣿲ȻôôΪʱ䣬Ҧ
ʵ˵ڣҲЩġ
ϾɽǶ׼뿪ǰɽ˵ȥҴİʦ˻һ
û뵽ȷʦţʦҲǸģǱһȥˡӿǿռͽܣ˿ռʦá
ֵҲ֪Ҧû뵽ʲôһҪȥŵģһ䣬£ʦճ⣬Ǽġӽŵ·Ҫء
̲ס˻һ
ԨۺЦ⣬̧ƮƮĺġ
Ҳµʱ
ΪΣ
ֲ⡣
ҦҲֻܰԼӳǶõϢ˵
ΪǰŲˡԺžͼ壬ĺ񡣡
ҦһΣ֪ŶĲϲ
ڽţû¶壬ԽŵӲá
뵽̨ʢء֪Լģǰûʲô̬ϵת䡣ϵ̸ʲô޵ӡ

ԥ£ʼǡٲ̨ʯĻҪһЩʯͻȥ
ĺܺãǴ˴ǰΪٵĿˣ̨ﲻҲҲֵĻᡣ
ֵѣҲȥ˰ɡҦɨҶˣۿҶҶ˼˼˶ʮ̨ˣһǻɹ̫Щ
ôȥ̨ס
вʣ괹СʦվһλѵȲһǡ
ڣҦֽûˣϸǴߴ٣ֻ̫ɹ˶λο˵Ҫһȥģ¶λһĵ
岻ʣԵͬҦ޽ǵķ˿ߵС˵˵˵Ҳá
ȻԨûҦĻֱֽ̧ԼС
һ̣һ𻨣һ޽һԾֻ̧ؽһ
ٲ̨ױ̮
ֱԨڻУ˽²ŷƯڰգûմȾ֡
Ȼ̨ϵʿЩùһؽǿֱӽ⧲ػЩʯû
ҦҲôãֱӱ̨̮׳ɽһͷһ
޽˽İٲ̨ףغֳؽߴ׳ʵǶһվ˲ֱӵ䡣
ؽһת
ŵؽǰؽ˲ǧꡣ
л˵

¶СǵԼ״̬һûôϢ̬Щסˣһ~
~



119 
֪, ֳòҪЦ̲ס
ĵͷԨļ羱Ц
⵽ףػƣҲ˵һǰٲ̨ף˵, ˵ǽǡˡ
ʲôް
һҦƺʲôһ𾪡
ⶼ, ؽųϯ֮𣿡
ֺԨŷأȫǰٲ̨׵ʯ
ЩҪӵϵʯзҷңܲҵһʯԨǳǳĸ첲, ûĶ
˿̽ŵɽŴѾһƬǽ塣
ٲ̨ɵû˼, ʯĽ, , ٵ̨֮ӿ, ʯ
Щһ̨̤׵ʿǴ˿ҲԵǱʶ໥ţ˴˿һû̫Ǳ, Ŀⶼ䵽ԶǸ׳ؽʿϡ
ؽģǲ̫
˵ǸͲС, ָؽʿı֥ùӵ¶ȥ, ûû˵űǲǣ
ֻôһ, Ͳ²Сʿǽŵĵӡ
ȻؽʿֱӷɳһѶУ˵еĵСһ, ɻС
Сֱ߸һӡ
Ŀ֮£ֱӴ, Сߵ۾ͨۺ⡣
ȥ, ŶǷҲؽ󡣡
Ǹ׳ʿؽ, һȦ˴ǰΪף֮ڶࡣȻӣǰŵҴŵҲ߰˰ˡ
ٲ̨ϱȸ̨һɳЩǺͽŹϵĴŵӡ
һǾѹסġ
˶֪ŵİٲ̨ڽǰ˸ϡ顣
̶̼ʱ䣬Ÿûа취ްٲ̨ףֻҪǰףصˣܿһ
ǰѽŵƤ˺ڵϲ˸ϡ顣
ҦĿԨԨ΢˲࣬ܿĿ
ҦΪôҵʱǸǲעϸڣÿһ㣬ЩҲסԿ֡
ãؽ¶ˣҵһȡ
ִԨĻ˳Ʒ֣ɨһؽʿɻʡ
ؽͽʲôԹ̴ſ
Ҧɾ̾ǵʲôطȻʲô֪
ֽ˾䣺š
ҲǲţֻǴδ˽Щ֮ĶԹ֪ĶģǺͳ༫йصġЩйضﲻæ岻ֵġһֱҲγһŲʵ״̬
ԨôϲЩŵĸ飬ԼȤҲ߹֡
ʦŶݵʱڣѧϰʱ䶼ôܷĸЩ£˵ʲô֪治Ϊ
Ҧɨؽʿ
Ѿнŵӷʮŵӡ
Щӷ˰ٲ̨׵һؽʿ˵ͷͽȥˡ
ǲؽʿ˳һбȽġ
ҦܣʿΪؽͶԲƵĿ⣬ǰ·ˣҪϽţֻС
˵вδǺö˶˵ıô谭һ˭޷
οǽţźٵģôӰٲ̨ȥҲ֪Ż᲻ر衣
ؽһٶǰͽŽӦǽűǲؽһӣ֮ÿ궼֮ͬĵǰƣһ٣ǵԽԽýŶȥλԽߡ
Ҧ˵ԥԥ˵ò˵ÿĲؽʵĲǰžͶҿʢʦ֡
Ҳ֪һβؽôݣʢʦֻ᲻
Щɻ
ŵǰ𣿡
īسɹĹءشֵȴԨĿؽʿջߣֽͣСǰ£ҲֻС档
ԭˡ
ǾǽСֻ֮ʢܸؼ档
Ҳ֪ؽʿǲҪʢشһˣ
ȻؽʿΧ˲Ѻõߣֻģ́°ͣŲһ̨飬
ղǿθˣȽ֮գ¶ǰϴ񣡡
ؽʿ˵գӽɳң̵۾
ֲǱ˱ۣؽʿѾˡ
һ仰ȵĵ죬Ҫ
еĴҪ˼ɽ̨׻Ҫذɡ
ֺضǰٲ̨׵Ĳк
˵µǱ̨֮ʯݲѺą́׻ˣǲñ¶Լݡ
ҲǶԼݣҦнŶ̬ȣŶһ²һµԭ򣬸ɴͺȥҿռʯˡ
ŵһҲʵԳܣҲܰѿǶ棬ʾϡ
ֲ룬Ԩ

һ
û뵽Ԩȴ΢΢ҡͷɡ
Ҫ磬־͵ñԨˡ
룬ջһԨֱۣ𣬷ɹǰٲ̨׵ĵػһƬ泾У˽ŵſڡ
˴Ѿ˲ٸոյִʿ
˻ֺܶ࣬Ԩ켣а˵עģϾʶƫǶ˵òʵۣ֮עӽϡ
ֶвʿ˽·׷ѯʣ̽Ԩݡ
ֵĿ˲Զ
ҦģҶҵˡ
ҶҶ˼˼
ȥʱֻһͲɫŮָµӣδҶ硣
Ҧ˿ҲԼӵִš
ͬһȦô˵̾˿
ҶǸҶ磬˳԰ʢʦֹϵƣ˽һȥʢʦˡ
˿
ǾͺǾͺãֻҪܿʢغҶ磬о͸ƽµġ
ϾҶĵܴ̫ڽЩ鷳˷ʱ䡣
Ϊ֮ǰؽǰ£˿ŴĿӵһ𣬲δưšйµæƾǵݣǽȥ
ֺԨҦǹµĲδֺԨôλòڵˣȴǸҦС󣬰˳ҦĿ䣬ݵûκλɣǽȥ
ҦҲңԽ˵Ҳǹͣµ͸ҦС㰲źһСԺãһ᷿һź󵹷պָܷҦֺԨ
˼СԺ㲻ô󣬵˵ֻʱסģȴʲôȫϲˡ
ѡ˶ᣬΪԨҪȥ᷿ȴǵҦ棬ֵż˶ᡣ
ֲδܾԨҲ㡣
Ƕ䣬ڼд齣һС齡ΪԼһֻ꣬ԭСϷͷ´࣬ס϶סµģĬԨͬһ䷿
ڸ׼ĶȫһסʹǰͲˮġ
ߣӽȡ
һʦдţһǸĺһǸռġ
˷ó˸ռС
Ԩȥ˴һͽ˴ߵĴᣡ
Ԩ
ֻԨ
ţ
ӦĿϡ
˵ҪҪȥҿռ飿
ò⡣
ȥǲǾڽŵ̻ȥˣ
̫ڽ˷Ѹʱ䡣ϾŶ̬ȣʵЩ̫ġ
Ԩߵǰ°
ˮð΢˲룬˼£ȴףҲá˶ӣҹȥ
ҹȥ

ҵȥռںδ
Ԩﲻһ㡣Ͼںˣһŵĳˡ
²롣
Ȼûһģ
ԨǼǵʢ֣ỹиеŮӡò߶ײЩˣЩ鷳
ֺȻ뵽˵ʦ仯
գָۣקקԨӡ
ҪǸܽظǸ
ԨȻֵ΢΢ͣƬ̣ƿֺ崿òĸģ
˿ɱԼǸЩͬ
һۿһѰеСƯŮ뿴֣ʵЩѡ
Ԩ˿̵òȫõģϾû˼׼һųš
ر򵥣¶ȥҦ
׼һٸʯΪл
װһٸʯʱԥ˰죬ܾҦҸǲȱʯģһٸʯ˵ǸСĿǾҦϡ
ԥֻʯת׼֮еһȲݡ
ǵҶɾݣûеġ
ֻȲϵһӡ
Ԩϵģ΢΢ȴͷҪȲװСʱĽǺȡˡ
Ĵȥ񣬲Ρ
ֲ֪ȲϵĺȡˣԨϢȥҦ
Ҧס˿ϴ磬һȹͷŸַԶԶһܿµ
ˡ
ֿһ۶ŵʯϢ
Ҧһۿ֣ԥ˺һ̽ʣֵѣ
ס
ңҦѣһʡ
ҦŲЩҲ֪Ұ֮ôкҲЩϡ
ôֵֻһˣأ
ҦŲ󿴡
ССͥԺֻмʹӣ᷿ŹţС
Ϣء
ּ򵥽˾䣬ҦҦѿ֪ռʲôط
ռšҦԥ£ü˵Ŀʦճϣ
ʦճϣûȷǿռˡ
ףԣ
Ҳ̫ˣȻֱ
Ҧ鲻Ը˵ȥǧҪôûòǴҦҵţҵ
΢΢ü
ռͬ˵ǺʦֵģҲô
Ҳûбĳƺȷֻܳƺռ鱾ˡ֪ǳϣҲиĳƺ´ξܺճϡ
ôܳûòȥ
Ŵδ˵ʲôҦȻһģҲ˵ˡ
ճʦϲ˶֣סڷƷ塣
ֵ仰Ǹл
ȥճʲôȰ㣬ñȥ
Ҧ˵
һ㶣ôˣǿճϳʲô𣿡
Ҧ룬ȷ˵ġ˵ǿճ˽²һֻΪֻŶײ˽ƣ̤Ʒ벽
һֻ
ֵϢЩ졣
ر𷴸ռܲһֻΪײ˵ռûų֮ġ
Ŷԡ
Ҧһ֣Ȼ
һ

һ㶣ؿ֡
˵ճϲµһ
ӦǰҲ˵ӡ
ҦЦ˵һޣڿҪԼİŮ˽ء
л˵

۵ҩ໹УдһдͣһͣЩˣǸQAQ
~ȡŶ


120 

Ů
գ, ˶Ƕ
˺һҦ˵ʲô壬ֱҦĵǰ˻Ρ
ֵѣֵѣôˣ
ֻع, Ҵҵȹܻض᷿
᷿ڣԨڴ
ִ֮Ҳ˶, ˽Ųڰ˽Լ˱裬ཹһˡ
ſ, ˼ѾƮúԶˡ
Ȼôɵ֮ǰ뿪ʱ, ˵, ѾԼĶŮЩüĿ, ͨʲô˵õġ
, ռɽϲһиҰŮּһ˲Ͳ, ˺ĶŮо
, ǿɾ̫ˡ
ҵԼĶŮ, 䲻ҲֻŮض˰ɣ
ֻŮ֪ô, ĽţҲ֪Ǻ»ǻ¡
ֻ˵ΨһˣžǱռɡ
һ, ȲҪȥҿռ顣Ҧ˼ռǱ˽, ޷뿪Ʒ, 뷨ȥƷС
ֻ, ȥˣȷһǲǡǣźð졣
ҳһƬһ˺оһƷĿռ飬񲻵ð
˰ʱԨϢۣ齣һ۾Ϳſϣɿϵ֡
·޾֮УѾʶҧָˡ
˳ƽְֵס֡
ʲô
˸豭Լ裬ǰĲտյģ˳ָ˲衣
ֲҧˣ²ظԨԼյ֪Ϣ
ռ鳤һ˵ǻиŮԨ˵ǲо
Ԩԣ΢΢ü˿ڲ󴽡
ţȷʵм֮
ԣȥҿճϿǲоȥѽѯԨ
Ԩһ˼
ߣ㵹翼ǿǣ˭дߣĴ˴֮ˣǿԲ˺ããδҵȷŮԨָϵ˵㣬ǽ˸
š
ֺȻһ£ȷʣʢءǲʢأϯӡᵽʢǶõʲôϢ
Ļʢε֪ŲŰôܾ׼ȥҵˣȷǰ˵Ů
һֻҪҵʢؾͺðˡ
ԨǵǸʢء棬Ĵò˳Ϊ˱
̶Ҫȥҵʢءֻдʢõ׼ȷϢжڽŵİǸǲ˺о
ұ˲ңʢظҵġ
ϾϯӣǺһһܴ
Ȼװȥһӣʢںδǵȴ´֣һ䡣
ˣҼҴʦֲ˭˭˭ʸġ
˵գǵͷҲؾˡ
⻰˵Щ㶡
ôϯӣʢغȻͬ
ʶʲã
ʱСԺ⣬˴ǼͥԺһγһķĴ԰ҲвٵŮʺߵ˴ֵ⣬ҲǵӵĲм
ŮŴЦ޻Ƕ
ƯͲ֪ԼＸˣȥʢʦ֡
⻰⻰һ㶼⡣˹ȥ
ֻǵɴˣɵǷЦޣ˵ġ
Ǳ̬ᱡڶֵߺ󣬷ɿգգۣȴˡ
Ҳ˵˼أֱô˵˼ǲǡ
λʦҦҵĿʢʦֿʲôҪ£
̬Ȼ˲٣Ц⡣
ԥƬ̣Ȼϲһʼ̬ȣĵӲָҲûб˿ˡ
ҪҪ
ֶ˶٣˾䣺ʶġ
˭֪˵⻰ǼŮ޵ȵƤ
ˣĸʶʢʦֱ֣˵˭֪ܲʲô˼
ֱŪЩˡ
ʲô˼Ǵɱôģ
˵أ˲֣ԨĲͬʱЩһģŮޣһǵɴۣ΢΢ס
µģ˵Щʲô
껺ߵֵ࣬ƳЩˣջߣϡ
ֹӡ
û˿˵ʢͷ۰Ͱ͵ضԨǿҲ
ЩѰˣйϵҲǿռ顣˽ڷƷ塣Ҫʢأûһ˸
ʦδݰ
ԨƺʲôȻ˵޷²֮мĻᡣ
תһҲǡʢǽͽܸҪϯİɡ֮мĻᣬȷݷݷš
ֻЩǰǲ˵ŮôļŮЩá
ǾǰģֻʲôҲʲġ
ɨ۶ˣջߡ
ذɡʲͲˡ
Ůһǰֺģ΢΢ۣҦ
ӿʢʦ£ʵҵ֪ʢʦʲôطǹӲҴǰȥ
ŮҲһߴģ뿴Ԩֲҿﻹݵؽ
ֻŮ޵Ŷ䷢顣ּϸɤӵġո˵úúõ
ǰλʦãҲԴȥġȴԸ£ûȵĿ⿴֡
һ̣Ԩֵ̧ļ򡣾˵öҲǹϵһӵеġ
͡
ûǼŮޣ˵
ȴЩ̫ϰԨĻȻ˵岻ãȲȥȥˡ
ԨϿɡ
㡣
Ǿû취ˡ̾˿ֻ·һ㣬û¾ͺá
Ȼ̧ͷʱȴǼŮһ΢ı顣ĿڿһԨٿʱЩģǱ֮Удһۡ
ֿǼ޿߸Ϊ΢˵ġŤ
ЩҪЩ˴·
ڻǰܲӣǲҪȥӱȽϺðɡ
ţԾĬȥ·
źܴ󡣸ŵĿ׼СԺһƬ·ԶʯƣŵжŴССҴҡ
ȥ̨׵İɡ
Щǰʿǲ֪˭ֹ˾䣬һѡ
꣬˵
ζˣǧᡣ
ֺԨڴЩʿǴȥްٲ̨׵Ļ᲻оʯ
ϣǧڽһ޺á
СԺҪȥʢأЩʿǷ··һݵĴŵӣΣͰ·ˡ
֪ʱʢظ䳡һ·ֱ룬вٽŵӶϵǣ֮仹ʺһ
ȻСĴֺԨ
ϾĿ˶࣬ˣǿǼ겻һεġ
䳡ǽŵӵѵһͷ±һƽһ޴޷ʯͷΪػ
˴ٵ
±Žŵǵģһ¸ꡣ
ʢʦֹȻ
Ů˷ܵغ֣ͬճյʢصϡ
ЩҲˣʢޱ顣
ʢʦֲʢʦ֣㿴վöֱһʼձս⡣ᱲģ
䳡һЩҲˡ
ʶģЦ
ⲻ¬ʦ˭
Ǵʦء޻ЦǺģ̧֣́Сʦãλӣˡ
ֺԨõλȺ˳
ӢӲʵУĿͶ֮С
ֲſʢأͼǱŽ굥Ž󲽳
Щ˷ܵҪʢʦʱֻӳһˡ
ߵָǰԶվ
˵һ䡣
ˡ
·Ѿڴ˵á
ɻʣ֪Ҫ
š
ʢĿɨԨƺЩɻ
ɡˣ
ԨĬĬʢأԣ֮иһ˿Ц⡣
ȴ˳ʢصĻü
Сʦ㣬֮ǰԭ㻹бɣ
л˵
~
~
⼸̫û٣ǵ˯ڿ~


121 
ָɰͰ͵Ԩһۡʢ˭, Լû
ŤͷȴǸʢؽ͵ˣҡСʦ, ֮ǰͬ顣
ʢضԨݲ⣬ɨЩˡ
ΧΧðǵĶԻˣޱ΢, ŮǸŤƺ˵ʲô㿴ҿ㣬ʲôû˵
˴˶, ʢֺԨȥ¡
¶ѻһ, óЩͷ, ΧһȦȦ, ϲݵز̫ƽ, ˴˴ʲôССйĿӿݡ
ʢػӦûڽţɶ֪
ǱռİŮȷ˵ĶŮоǸޣҲֻˡ
ʢǸٵˡ˵, Ҳ򵥼䡣
ȥʦǶʱżһ͵͵İŲ̊ʱ, ǽ޺СŮ, 졣ȷΪǰŮúСŮ, ͬڽ޵ϡ
΢һ͵֪ǽ޶Ůˣʢز²ڽŵǰŮ, пܾ˵Ů
£˳¡ڴ̨ȥ, ׼
Ȼص, ռ˰ñ֪, Ʒ屻ˡ˶ʢصţţټݣǵý¶Ϸ
͵˲òڽٳǻȴڡ
ʢػصʦžͶݱչأֱųأͻƽΪ֪µʱֻһ㡣
ڵ˾ţΨһķӾٵɡɽǻһ£ɽŵĵʶˣûа취
ʢصĻɵ̧ҧָ⡣
ҧһڣͱְ̧סڨڨط֣˫ֱ
һ׻ܲУ
ʡ
ԨȻ˼˵ûģһֱģˣȷܰ˻ûһ׳
ʢԺ̹Ȼ
ɡ֮£ҿЭ
ˣ¾ǶˡֺԨȥ˻ûһףȻʢ뷨
֮󣬾ǴӷƷ彫оҵǸŮžۡ
ʢߵĻ٣ԸæѾǺܴˡʵҲû뵽֮ϲȻʢߵ˴æˡ
õʢߵһŵ¿˵Ѿһ·ӡ˳Ļ£ҲȥҿռҪʯ
ֺ£ɲ춼еġ
ֺԨδڴ˶ය̹ͨһǾ뿪
ֻ뿪ЩʿͽŵӶûסΧԣߴߴʢôʶİʿ
ôʶģ
ʢش뵽ϵ
ϢڽȻͬʵҲԴĦĸ
¶ʵ󣬱׽ϲʱĿġͱƿݣ˱֮˵£ûκζЩ˱¶Ķܵί߷
Щ˸ϲҲһ
δЩһ
ᱻеˣ·ô
Щˣںκˡ
һֵģȤģ塣
ֺԨصСԺУҦѾõϢͥԺУһ־ȥ֣һ˷ܵʣʶʢʦ֣㶼ʢʦ˵ˣ
˻һҦ̫˷ûصģһеۡ

ʶ
ֶʢ˽١˵һλĹϵΪ˺оֻҲκǣ
ڴҲйͬĿ꣬ʶˡ
Ҧ˵ʲôֵ󣬿һֱۣԼԼҪ˵ʲôðߵʣѣէҴȥתת
ء
ԨȻؾһߵ᷿֡
ֺҦ˸𣬻ص᷿
Щ˷ܵġȻ˺о취ȥˡ
ǽ죬ǲؽһ˰ٲ̨ףŵӿ϶ܶ࣬ҪȥֻЩ̫ҡ
Ъһ죬ȥ
ִһҹԨǴ˯峿ʱ룬Я˳Ŵ·ҵ˽ŵš
Ҳпڵš
Ǹʵɽ⣬ٲ̨µʯȥһҹĹѾƽָ̹ɾɽź͵мżʮɸߵľ⣬й̨ס
ɽŵĵӻ׼зеĿ׼ġ
ֺԨ߳ʱɽŵĵӻϲǴģǾ֮ǰ͵ִŵĿˣЦʣλҪ𣿡
ֿ϶˵ȥˣ˸ɡ
ȥ
ŵĵÿ롭
ȵȡ
ԨȴȻ˵뺯δߣҹпɻڴˣ
ŵĵظģСһֱڴˣ˲ϵöλСĻǰ˵ġ
ϾԨеˣʵ̫ټˡֻҪһᣬȻӡġ
Ԩ΢΢ס
˲ŷ档
ֲ׹Ԩ⡣
ûкģǳҪҪҪֻǸ鷳¡
һŵĵӾͰˣȻʱҲǳͨġ
˴ӱǰ˳·뿪ǸԼԨһɽ֮С
˵ִţҲŮȻǲ뿪ġ˳ɻڸ
ɽΧҲݣ롣ҶӶǾӴĸɾ
˲֪ҪôңԨקס
ʶ
ԨԼˣʶһСģй¶ۼͲˡ
Խô
ãǸѧÿġ
ԭͷԼʶ
̼䣬Բʮһжǰ
һ
ͬʱɽ֮УҲһЩߡ
ڴ˴ǡ
΢΢ü
ɽ֮Уͺʲôһ
ʱ̫̣Ҳ塣
б˵ĸо
Ǵɣ
ӦǴ
ֶ˶ȹǰ·Ԩɽ֡
˼ɽֲδ׼ɽС·Ͼǽŵأû˻᲻ʶŴ·͵͵ȥɽ͵ɽ֮дûзûе·
ֻ˵ĺۼҡ
Ϊ˷ֹ׷ϣɨȥĺۼ
ҿʶջ񣬲ȻҪɽתҲˡ
Ŀȷɽ֮ת˺üȦҵһݡ
˴ɽΧïܷʢݴڸ
Ȼ˴дȥܷ֣֮ü򵥵֦һСҲһѾϨһ໹жѷҶ֦
ܴżҹһʣǡ
ﴦĺۼ
ֻһȦأ
ողľڴ˴ô壿
ԨĿԶ
ۡ
֡
̧ͷԨѾǰߣ˳ǵݵĸʹȥ
Ͻ
ֻô־ͷִ˴һ硣
ǰ
ֶֽĻѾо顣ڷֵͬʱֻ̧ƻ
һ̣Ũ
ڽı˺þõˣ˱Ťһ켸˽ȥʣƴ
壡
ֶ˵һԾӽаγСལݺһ£
һ̣е췢ŭһ³˻ѪˣͬʱҲ³˲ٵޡ
˻մȾŶѪȵޣһ
л˵
~
̫ˣҲд꣬һ»ָ~
˵ܼҶؿȡ


122 
̻һĳ, ԼͬʱǳĻһƻ
ͬʱСལ̻С𴸡
ְͣЪޣСڿɵķԾ, ŭ·û
Ҫ֮޵ĺ󾱡
ڳ༫ôһޣһϲޣѾһ׼ȷķ, ˵׾پͽǰһͷſ¡
ɫѪ
һͷ޺Ȼء
ɽŲ˲
ֱײһƬľҶ֮У޵Ѫ
ǿ³Ŀɲֹһͷޡָûͣõһͷ޺̳һͷ޷ȥ
ԨڿӰ, Ĺ, ΢΢һ֦, ſڵϻѪǣš
ץס˿֦, ǿվ
л¡
˲δϳǰͬеĿʦ, ȵл۾ڿԾڿеŮޡ
ӰЩϤֹ
ǱֹҪһ, ΪҲҪ߳١
, ϣֹ, ֱ𼸸, һܴϲҪ
Ԩ࣬δȥˣȫһ֦
Ҳҿ, Ծؿڶѵϴӻһŵҩ, ΡΡ
ô̵ʱ, Ѿͷȫŵ
ǼͷޱС𴸴λ, ȫ޷
⿴͵ľֻҪҵ㣬ֹɡ
ڿһתӯء
СմȾһЩɫѪ˸䣬СŪøɸɾ
ϵļͷδʧ
ֵѾʧˡ
µֻһѪˣͷڵϵľޡ
С𴸣϶ѪֳǵŽƿһȦŴӺߵԨߡ
Ԩȫ̵Ķָ֪ᱻˣѾ˾ʵѹĵز
ô
ֹˣѪǺûʲôܹؼ˿ڡ
˶֣һˣԥԥ̽ʣǡֹ𣿡
Ȼѽֺȹ£۾𣬿ѽ
۾Ȼţǻûеֲ˵ĵز
ǶǰŮݣƯƯֵĻǺֹòȣƺˡ
Լ׿ڳˣôǰƯŮûˡ
ǵܽظʱʦ˸ûģһõһģ
ֹʵ̫ˡ
Ųҿʦ
뵽ֹ뿪ǰʦ˾ͲˣûøֹˣλĿ꣬·ʲô
壬ô£ոʲôˣ
ֶһԨļʱҪеϽȥֱӳˣ
һԴۡ
վ̧Լһѡ
ãʱûˤ̫ݡ
ֹҵѾ֪Ҽоڽš
ŸŴҽȥֻǻȺᡣڴһ£ʼҲһᡣ͵Ҽǲؽˣ˰ٲ̨ףոǻңûȥûͷɽ춯
Ũҵʵ޷˺ԡüҾǰ̽飬˭ϾǸ
ֹüʱ־һ
ôһ֪Ҳ֪ЩԺδ
˵ԨܸҪϤһЩͳ༫ֹޣЩˡ
˵ЩʲôȴΪ޴ɽѾִ˴쳣вٵµڳ˴
ǣ˵壬ͼװصģˣʧȥ䡣ǾȰȥˣ
ֿԨ
ԨȻȻĻơ̧ܿĹ򣬰Ӣƽƽ档
ټѪ߰ߣʵԷֱ˭
һȻȴǿֻ̧꣬ûģʱϡ˲²⣬̽ʣˣ
Ԩף
ⶼϵó
˿
ԭֹĻǿʦˣֹôһǡ
Ҳϣֱֻ̧ӽԼϿһƤѪֹ
һ¿ɰŵˣ˵ֹϷҪȫף˵ˣ͵˲С
ƭȥŵˣǵһͳ⣬Ǹ޷ȥ
ֲ࿴ҧŴͷӽзʦָĵҩϽˡȻοûгԡñһƹصģý˿С
ԨֵĶҩ
ôЧá
Ҳǲ⣬ǾǿЩܡ
Ϊ˻ȥԼŮ̧Լһһ¸Ҫжݡ
ǿѰ·ôһ
Ѫֹۿɫ԰׵۾Ƭ̣Ѿһɣڵء
׼ȥ
Ҳڴ˿̣ǽŵѾɽУһ·ų̽鵽˴춯
ʲôˣ
ַ˵ˣͷˡʮŵӣŵӣŵӣҲһʹЩЩΪĹ¡
ͻϮˡλʿˣ
ŵҲȷŨе⼸ͷӴľޣɫޱ䡣
һµȷݣԣŵҲҵ󣬵ײǽŵĿˣϽ̧˽ȥ
ŵ֤ʵֺԨݡ
һ·Ͼ˼䡣
ܿͱżȻɽдϹֵʿٻޣЩɱһޡ
ΪǼͷɲޣûκ˻ֵ˵ǡ
ɽͷ˵ӸȦ𣬲˽磬׿Ǽͷ޵ĴڣҲܿϱ˽
ͬʱ¶֪Լʦޡ
ǵضɽҡ֮ƣɲѰСޡ
Ϊ֮ˣ̱ŵҽ޽֣ȫˡ
ֺԨΪĿһ֤ˣ뵽˽ŵã˵ǽŹųлʡ
ô˿̻˲ٵĽųϣ£Щӡ
ȹżʱһ۾Ϳվһʢء
ʢرŽֶӡ
ƮƮ˼ۣŽȻ
ԨɫЩáͿģ鲻ã˿ŸĮ׽
ǶǶ֮в˵Ŀⶼ޷Ų
˭࿴ۡ
Ҵ˿̵ֺԨӣûбѹ˿ž;ѰΪĵӣǳúÿһЩˡ
λˣ֪ɽⷢʲôɷϸϸ
ǳʵ
·Ѿ˵һΣһ˵Ǹȫ˵øϸ¡
˵Լǳȥģһŵ֤ʵˣŷֵˣضɽҡ֮ǺϡΨһĵط֮˭ɱġ
λСѣڳ˵ͷޣ֪Ǻ׽ȥ
̬ȺͰʡ
ָ˵ԼԨһƮƮֱ
ֺȻ뵽ûС𴸣ǲǾͲôɴޡ޻ᱻôרʣǲ˵޲һѰΪĵܴܵģ
ԥƬ̣ɿһ
̧ͷ貣ͦţ
һԸ͸¶СŮɱ
л˵
~
~


123 
ǳ˲֪ǲ, ź˼áʢأõĵӡЩӶǳӴعͬŵˣЩ˵ʱģ
һֱ, ֵı飬ϸκεı䶯ȻǰλƯСŮ״̬֮Уȫ˵ѵĺۼ
ֱ׳, ЩأųݵĿᵽôһλСŮλԸ͸¶СӵĴʮƶ
Щӿ˺þãһȷϵȷôһ˵Ĵڵġ
ϵȷȷһλСŮĴڡ
һΪ֪, ݲŮ, ǻڽɽ֮, ׻ͷ, ˳һδ֪Ľ, ˸ϵ֮ǰʧӰ٣һ˿û¡
Ůޣָ֮, Ҳ
, ֪λСѿλѽ̸
˷ʡ
ԥ¡Ҫô˵Կ𣿻ǲҪ, Ҫö, Լ亦ˣ¶ˣ
ɲܰѺúõľˡ
δ, ˵ȥʱ, Ѿ׼ˡֻһͲˡ
˵ҲȥʱǴҵ˾ߵġ
ž, ֪ʲô
˺һ, Ŀ
ȫ̲ԲֻվһӰӣ˺עĵ͵һûκ˻Ĵڡ
޵ѩԨ䲻ףʱԲλı΢
һ꣬͸¶Ϊȴ𵤡
λСأɷ񿴼ʲô
ϸԨЦʵ
Ԩ̧ƤĿǳɨ
ǵδ
Ŷһ˿⣬׷ʵСǲδǸŮޣʲô
һ㶣ŵ١ɣԨ¶ˣ
Ȼһ̣Ԩ嵭
ֻСʦ㣬һжδۡ
ڳ˳֣һĪĬ֮С
ȴ˽и
⻰˵ЩЩ˹Ϊġ
СĻɨԨ
ĿʼϣϾ׽Ļ΢΢ü
Ťͷȥ
󴽽΢΢ۿɼĺöˡ
֣Ҳ֪ô£⻰ʱ;ЩΪ飬Ԩʱеȷ˵ֻ
һŪ
ͷ߬ȹԴģ߰˰˺ֱܶܶ࣬˽һ̧ʱԼʲôû룬Դտա
Сѡ
˿ͺܴܰԼòһ̵ͣȡʱ͡ʵ츳Բˣʿȫ츳ʿ˵˼˸ӵĽһ¡
ͬ˼ҪĶࡣ
Цؿ
СΨһλѵˣ֪СѿɷãʲôҪģ˾ͷˡ
֣ɿ߬ȹ֣ͷ
ðɣҵȷɾͼһ滹ǸӰ°Ƥ£Ҳδϵó
οָ⣬ΪʲôҪãңȥҲֲǷǡ
û뵽־ܾôϣɫЩ̫á
ʢһڣ΢΢ͷ
ʡ
ǰһ
ӣʢؿȴǴܡ
һô
ַɿ˵װʧ䣬ȥƷ͸
ʢȻûж˵ģֱӻͷǳ˵λ뿪֮£ġ
ǳ˼ʢԹʣûʲôģȻЩǷߡ
뿪ʱֺԨһʢء
ʢرŽߵ·
Ϊɽ֮޵͵ضɽҡ˿̽Ҳ̫ƽŵӶ˵δʦŽ֮ŰŻ̿ŵвӣӵŵӡŵΪһЩģҲһŻ̵̻ģ
ɨ·ߵļŵʿգգۡ
Ԩ˵ɵġ޵ĴڵȷѰӾȥܵģοͷ
Щӱֳֻ˵Щ޶Խ˵һ޿Ĵ֡
ʢǸûʲôˣһ·ֺԨȥ͵СԺȫһ仰ûС
ԨάĵĮУЩʢ䣬һ·ҲȾû˵Ĭһ·
һ·ִ͵СԺʢûм͡
СԺǽϸֵĻݴԣвϡÿֲУҲһЩǰ͵Ůޣڻݴ͡
û뵽ô˽ϯʢ˻
ʢؿǰˣŽפ㣬ֱ˿̲˵һ䣺ƷĽƣҪӡܴ򿪡
һ㶣
ӡ
ǲǾͺϹһеöӡ
ЩŶϰýӡĳ
ǷƷ屻ӡӡˣҪȥ̸ף
ӡԥ£нⷨ
ѹĹΪˣޣƷӡ
ʢ˵
˵⻰ʱĿϣЩ̽
֣κ˶޷ӵĴڣ࣬ȴ͵ܡ
΢Υ͸С
ʢؿΥ͸к񣬾Ǹ˵Υ͸Уһܿó
ԨʢصߣƿĿ⡣δֺ
ѹùӡĴڣ룬ʣʽʲôΪ
ʢֱԲ䣺ڡ
ָͷ
̧ͷۺΣô죿
ڵĽƣɲ״򿪵ġ֮ǰΪںԼĻӦǽΪͻԶѾûܿԼܴƽƵˡ
ʢҲڳĬ
ԨЩŮѾԥԥ赭д򿪡
۾һ
Ŷǲܴƽƣѽ
Ҫôý򿪷ƷĽƣҲһҪ˵⡣
ֻԨѾ΢΢°͡
ֻδӦʢѾˡ
ɨЩŮޣ̵˵һȥ취ֹϢ
ȭ뿪
ʢһ뿪ЩŮԥһδ뿪ǳֺԨ
λʦá
Ϊ׵İŮЦضֹ˹֡
֪ʦλѣʦʲôϵ
ֿŮǰҦǵЩŮޡ
һͬ㣬ĿʼԨϡ
Ԩʱֽӡ
һҦûиоŮҲû̫뷨
ŽգѾԴţϵĵŮޡ
һ⣬ǶڿԨ
һֿԨһּе̬ȥԨ
ʲôҪʲô
գգۡ
֪ΪΣЩ΢Щơ׼Ĵȥش
ʦܡˣ˴ԨǺСʦġǾʦܵĹϵɡ
ʦԨ΢΢ۣĿϣЩΣҲЩ֮е̹Ȼ
䣬ǰŮ۾һ֪ϲʲôΧŮ޶һۣ·ʲôҧŴǰһЦô󷽿Ȼ
ˣҲֱ˵ˡ
λѣСŮӶһģŮЦЩ˼ɻ˵°䣬ѽ֮ͬá
л˵
~
˼ҩֺöˣϼӸ~


124 
һġ
֮ͬá
ִֶЩİ, Ȼܸоһʲôʡ
Ŀ䵽Ԩϣɽѩ¸߲, ɻΪ㵹
Ŀҡҷ
˺һ뵽һʡ
ǰĽ
Ϲ˵İĽ
ֺȻҦԨǰ, ЩŮֱĿ⡣
Ϊ֣ΪǶԨĽ
Ϊһġ
ִʯط϶֮ϸӲ, СС, , ڽһȾͻѹֽżӲ밡, ҲȥС, ͺǰѵϵĻҳɾ
ԨĿ΢ͣ´ߣ΢΢ĴǣԼÿЩ֪ʱ, µĶ
üͷ, ̫̫ˡ
ȥС紵, µ㲻ȼ, 
ݴԵŮĿⶼϡΪרעУܷУʼնСʦ㡣
һ仰û, һĶҲûС
ȫעĿ⣬˵һС
ǰŮִ, û˵ʲô
ΪǾСʦ, ռȫ
Ůòκδ, ڶݵĳĬ֮Ѿ֪˽
ԭˡ
ŮЦЩǿһ飬㲻֣һغЦ˺
ðˣλ֡
ԨջߣƳǰŮ
ԭѾ·˶ܿĵز
һҶĿΨ
Ԩ΢ףȨӦֵϡ
Ѿ̧ͷЩԾضǰŮ
Ԩʲôû˵ûκλشһֱŵģûı仯ôͺȻһ仰ˣ
ð𣿺ûʲôðġǰλŮ¸ңܴ󷽣ܽԼֱ̻¶
һĽĺԸ񰡡
Щ۵ؿǰŮġ
Ů˵ô󷽣ɵЩѹģԱߵŮ§ż۽ǣȦЩ죬һ֣뿪ˡ
ֱ뿪ֵĿ⻹ǰŮ
Щѹģһ·һ·οԶȥıӰнСֿǰŮƺЦˣ·ʲô
Ԩȫû˵ֿǰŮͿ
ֱԶȥıӰջߣԨ赭д˵ȥɡ
δ˵ʲô
ڶ˵ʲôΪʱ硣
ŶһԨȻŲһ١
ǰϡ
Ԩûģʮ|꣬Įòݵ֣ɣ˸߲ʵѹ˵Ϣ˸ڿ
ҲΪԨôŮ޵Ŀ⡣
ɸխ˫ȱֱ޳·ƶܿģģʹıӰ˶ġ
ƺûиϣ΢΢˻
ͦıγһԽĻȣ΢ĵվԭص
ֺȻ֣˵ĽЩ˶ĽԨҲΪ

ϺһС
Ԩ֪Щʲôһ·רעֻĳ˼֮У·û
˳ĬĻص᷿
ֱڴߴϢ
ۣ׼۾һգͿվڻݴԵĲǳԨ
ǰŮݿ壬ȴһոŮһ㣬ڶԨ¶ԼĽ֮ġ
ֺȻ˽ࡣ
ۡ
Ǵˡˣ޷
Ϊʲôң
ΪˡĽԨ
²ԨΪʲôң
ֲ֪תעӽͳ⸬һһԼڴյһһȡ
СˡСĻӦûΪʲô
ͬˣֶ壬֪ôġ
ſڴߣ̾˿
˵ߵüҴңµĹҲ֪С㻹ڲ
һʱֻ𵭵һϢζǳһСֺȶˡ
ʱδоֻǵִҹĻ٣ԨƺںʱҪվȴֳվ
еԴ
־֣ǿԼ걧ϣڷԨӹʱжŵضԨš
ԨңȺˣ
վˣ
ôûأ֫ȫС꣡
ǾƺķΣ̺һĨˮɫУǽ˳һȪ
ԨÿӣͿƺꡣ
һһֻʣһƿһյ˶ɢһɵһ
ҷۣǳǳ֮̿УֻӳӰ
˵ĽŲ΢΢˶٣ǰСꡣ
ȷûˣһ¶ģȫԨֱ۸֧
˶Ǳڻеġ
ƵС껹Ԩ

ַӦЩٶۣǵãѾǰˣôԨš
ᡭᡭ
˺һ뵽ˣôŵĻ
ǲԵġ
˾ƵСҲأǣȥҲǸƵ
˵ƿˣֻŪԨͷ˰죬ԴᱧС֮С
ôôࣿ
޷ģֻһʱô־ͰԼһˣ
Ҳ֪Сϲš
˰죬ȴһ
ֻţԼȻˣͲҪܣҪϽһʲô취ܺ
ȶõĺ꣬ǿˡ
ԨòҲ޷ֻС齵һࡣ
˵ڳ༫ڶСϣһһԣ޼䡣
ɲͬǹȥ޼䣬ıһβ͡
ڣԨСϣǶβð˳ֱ̣ȥ
ڵ֣ȥ
ֱۣоԼԴƮƮġ
ԴƮƮҲԼƮƮ
˺öö࣬ȴֻǵһ
СϷ˸
ڲת˳Сۡ
ֱ࣬ͦʼĿ
Ԩ
Сһ䡣
Ԩһ䡣
ȻֻôһͶ˵ˡ
«ƵģƵءֻһ˫ȾʼնԨ
ԨĬƬ̣Ȼӡһ˿Ц⡣
ڣͳơ
С֣һ뷨
ͷ˵
뷨Щãֻ˼š
Ԩ˹޽ǵͷ˿΢΢
ͫ΢΢Ŵ
Ǽ⼸ġ
Ҳͱ˽֮ͬá
ֻ㡣
ִ㵵öԨ
صͷֵĴ
Ц⡣
㲻˵Ҿ͵ҡ
˵֮ͬˣһ£ְɡ
л˵
~
520521~
~
~


125 
һԼۡǻصɽׯ, ζҩ轣һûͣЪŵʱԴκ, ӵСӷ˺һĴ
μʲô
μԨμԨ˵֮ͬã
ҡҡԴӦˡ
ϴ, ſڴƿ˺һķ硣
嵭ϢӵϢû˱ʲôֲɵöǴСۣ֡һۿϣب档
, ɫʵ, ɺ۾ǶֵġΪֵı, һ۷ߡ
ֺˡ
һ, ȥ, һӾҲĴڡǱַ֮ʧˡ
ԴһˣվŴ̨ϸ
뵽ԨģССͷһʶֻڴСԺ֮С
һʱ, ۡ
ĿʼС
Ų, ȫʶ̽鵽΢
ߡΪʲôبϣ
ԥ, ǴӴӷ˳ȥ, ֮˳һĨ΢ȥҡ
ҽŲаٲ̨׿Էֱǳ̨˻ģأ
ֻߵ֮Уҹƺһ, ʪ࣬žһӡѾҲĺۼ
ǳ, ȴ޷Ѱ׼ȷλá
һȦûҵ
ֻһССӡ
īɫһ˫ЬҲôŪˡ
ȹ뿪, ͷԼЬӡûҵ, ŪЬӡ
ֻȥһ˫Ь˫Ьʹһ䣬ɸɾڴ̨ϣ׼Ьɹ̫
ջЬԨ˴΢ȶȥˮ
ŵŵӰһ͵ĹظǵСԺͲ͡סˣʳУһģ͸Ҧ
ŵʳкܷʢҶ֪ǰıΪǳ׼ʳҲ嵭ʳķʢ
Ҳһĭ
ϰʳֿһ۾ƿߵġ
Ǵӽȡ⸬
ȥ⸬ʱַֽбĶ
ȥһֻСݡ
͸ġ
΢΢Բ״̬
ְ⸬ȡע
Ԩ࣬ȡֻݣ΢΢ۡ
Ǹ
ֽСݵڶߣһ˵Ƭ̣С
ںδ
мִ˺һΪûʱС϶
Сġ硣
ۻᡭ
һᾡ졭ҵ㡣
ǧСġ
һס˺ܾãֱСʲôûУŷСݡ
СǱ߷ʲôôͻȻС磿ꡭСۻǵʲôֵĴ
СЩã̧ԼƤ
ƤϵһĨ֬ɫѾˣѪȻڡ
עԨһָƽʶȥĴڡ
ʶ
ֱ˵ͷԨָ£ָƤϵһĨѪϡ
Ƥٴοʼ̡ۣȫעأͷʶ˳һĨѪȥѰҡ
˻
ֺ۾ſϣδɹѰһ˲𵴡
Ԩһ㶣סֵ˳ľȥ̽壬üͷ΢
ʧ𣿡ƤϻۣѪλá۶
š
Ԩӣֵ̧°ָͣһĨѪ
ǸλãѾ̽ˡ
ԨԼеһЩ죬²ǳʲô£ͨѪѾ޷ȥ̽ǸĴڣĿɨֻСݣͨμԼС
Ǹ϶а취ֵ
ָϽͨСݽԼߵһЩ˵˵˵ԼλãֵİΣҪ֪ΪʲôСȻС磬ǻʲô֪顣
ҲСںδ
˵˺ܶ࣬С࣬Ҳ˵̫ࡣֱȷܰԼߵ״̬С֪Сݡ
һ⣬Щͳ
Զڲ֪δĺѿʲô¡ô֪ôܰϣ
̾˿
ڹʱҲкϢ˵ɽϮλˣֻԼ˭Ϊγֻ˵ȻޣҿиƯСӳ
˵ǣպúֵ˵ǲıϡ׷µʿȷлһ֪ŮޣΪߣնɱޡ
Ϊװʧȥ䣬žĽҽͬʱΧǿѲߡ
вʱ䣬Ҫȷڴڼڲٳ©
ͼȥˣҽõĵӿͿȴˡ
λ˵Щأֻ֪ʲôϻ취κѯڴ֮ǰλ˲κˡ
ֵôһشŷӦǰƵ˼⡣ٷû˼桭
Щʲôĸûм˵ıĿֻҪ˵֮£Ӧǻá
ÿʢһˡ
ֻӡܴ򿪵ķƷƣô±øЩ
ִҽߣ߹һĹ㳡ǶвٵʿΧһһ۾Ϳ̫һŮޡ
Ҷ硣
Ҷ磬˿̵ҶûôЪ˹Ǻۿأƺ˵Щʲô
վһмƵŮޡ
ͲҶҪСò㣬ȴüһֳ͵ƽʹһίҶ˵Щʲôʼ޶ԣЩȤش˸Ƿ
˵𣿡
Ҷ˼˼Ҷ޵˰죬ʼ۾ᣬ䣬ίίָáۼʵǶ࣬ʶҶҵģҶ˼˼ŶƤĮҶ硣
Ҷҧ
ֻһ䣬ǲŵġȴô˵˵׽ΪĽ㣬ʶ𣿾㲻㣬ѵҺú˵ôһ˵ҵĴúúݵġ
վԶ±Ҷ緢֣ǵȺȥô΢΢ü
ߡ
Ҳ˵ĴߣбĵطСȻҶĴ⣿
ˣ⡣Ҷ˼˼˵˭ŵ˭ңû
УԼҽãҶ˼˼ЦҶЩԺﲻ˵ߵ˶ĵط˵㵽ʲô
ҶЩţȴҧŴֻᡣ
֪㲻ϲң㣬Ҳôҡ
Ҳ˵ˣȥʢʦָ
ҶһƿȺתߡ
ֿҶ˼˼ɫ˲
ɵףҶ˼˼Ҳû˵ʲôŽкԼˣƺҪȥ䳡ͽŵд衣
ȫûʲôӰ졣
ҶҽãȺɢȥʱҲ뵽Ҧ˵ġ
ҶҶҵŵŮΪˣҶ˼˼ȴǺȻΪ˳Ҷĵڶ챲ˡ
ԽìܲǳҶҶ˼˼ûк˼Ȼڴ֮ͥ⡣
ߡ
ֻصСԺԨſڵһػԽˮ
ҦվڲԶ߿Ԩ
ֵĽŲ˶١
ˮ꼸ڵһʱ䷢ֵĹеˮü
ˣ
һ
ֵĻҦûס˸ۡСֹ˾ʲô
ּҦҪߣһ䣺ҦѣСĴߡ
һһ߲ɣҦӲض˻ȥ˵־ԼǨŭǷ˿ǣлġҲ¡
˾䣺߿ġ
ƭˡҦЦʯסʲôֵ
㲻Ҫ;˵
Ҧ̫Ԩվһʱȫ̺ʾ֭뻰⣬վҲۣҲɹܡɾˣһͷһ仰ûк˵
ȫ̸һЩƻˮ
ֻһ̣һֱԼ֮е̧ʱǹתէȻ˹ḡ֮С
ҦɵٱҲö
ԶǨŭϡ˵ףһˣʦܵºʲôϵǨŭҲ֪Ǵġǲ˵ģͰֵĻ˻ȥ
ּҦģҲΡ
ԨûпҦ΢΢ü֣ߣ
˵ţ¾ȥˡ
ҲĽŲС˵ţʱֵģ߶ҿҲ
ҸոջʱҶҵҶҲ˵ߡҶҶ˼˼Ľ÷־ûиԨˡ
ԨߵߣˣʶѾˣֻƾвϢȥжϡ
ȷеһ
ǳܵǳֵĴ⣬ġ
ҹҪ˯
Ȼ
ҹǴ
ҹ
ֺԨСԴǴʵ϶񶼷ڴ⡣
ֻҪһ㶯һ
ʱң֮д΢춯
ֺԨͬʱۡ
Ǹˡ
л˵
~
ϼӸ~


126 
ʱ, Ŷںҹ֮СƻϨΨô·߼յʯƻǵ
紵Ҷ΢ΣҶ졣
ֺԨ˱ŷ, Ȼ˳ŶĴɳ
˿̷ȻһЩӵϢ
ֺԨĵִ֡ںҹ֮УֻôһĨǳɫ֣Խеϸ
Ҫȥһ, ᲻ǿϼѡ
ҹĻµ֮гɳɳ
־ָһŷ
»ģһŻţǲ׷ֻ׷̫, ǻˡ
ס, ֱͣԵ
ԨĿ֮, ˼һ
һ, ֮гһӰ
еĻЩҪӳ, ǺӰȫǸӰһߵģ
ֻôһ٣ͷӰһؽ
һ, סˡ˵Ӱϲ˭˭, һؽɸ㹻ӡ
Դ뵽ǰյִʱ, һ˰ٲ̨׵ؽꡣ
ɣܲǸؽʿɣ
ȻؽʿӰ, ͸¹£ȷǸߴ׳ʵꡣƺڻͷʲô
ܿ죬Ǹ׳ʿ, ڴ߳һӰ
Ӱ̫ˣһܴĵ, һ¸Եޱ, ˻źɫ, ֻܿ˫קһؽظǸ׳ʿֳ
ϳˣԨҲϳˡ
ؽʿȻɲһʲô¡
ȻֺԨϢǶ˲δֳ֣
ʦܣ׼𣿡
ؽʿĿɨǰһСԺ˴ǺԺסλúֻܽҪһӳͿ԰ǰķȥ
ֵƬ̣ûˣֻôؽʿ
ֺԨһۡ
ҹץߣײؽĵӡؽĵ֣֪Щʲô
ҲĵǶ֣ԨĬ£ɿջһŷ
ֽշɳһؽʿǰ档
ֽγһǽֱӶס˵ȥ·
ؽʿ˫Žת
ˣǾȻûз֣
׼һСལֱָǶˡ
Ԩһָһź顣
Ĺâ˴
ֱǸ׳ʿǾģ𾪵ģ˺һ鶨һģ
㡭
ҧгݣҵķǮٸʯأ
׳ؽʿɲ̯ʱ˷ߵؽʿ
û뵽Ȼһˣ
ؽʿסˣϸֺһŴü俴ôһϤ
ֻһ֮ԵΪٸʯμģؽʿֻǵһƯСޣǰŮȣЩһ˵ٸʯģҲˡ
ʱһɱĸ׳ʿʱһ̵飬߬Žɣϡ
Ŷ㰡
ؽʿֳôһЩִ٣ͬɨһһۡ
ִؽʿϸоʲôвԾСལ
ʯǷĹϵֱֲͦΪծ֪һǾӸµء
ҹҷʲô
Ȼ⡣ϵӰӶûпôһĻ
ؽʿôؽڴ˴СԺ֮С
Ǹ׳ʿû֨ϴźʿڡ
¡
žزΣʱȪģ
źܲŵݣƫƫšϾؽʿܵ˵棬컯ֱ֮һ˽Űٲ̨׵ˡڰѽŵƤ˺ڵϺݺݲһˡ
˻عͷٲȼţҲ˳¡
˹ˣͲΪʲô£ҵ
ʵѶ
Ǹ׳ʿɨֺԨԾ͡
Ƿծծǰ̧ͷټ֪ǰŮ壬˵ĸɴࡣ
˵ǣǱΪ˸ǰıһ̼ǳҹнסķݶˣ첻ʲôʵԵ˺ǻñ֪Ϊ鷳¡
ĿȻýбǰ
ֻʦδݣһԺץߵֺԨ˸ֳ
ֲ⣬Ҳûеǣ˯˯ͷϷݶˣ˭ɣһ붼Ųˡ
ײ֪ؽͽʲôޣֻ֪׳ʿԼҪ
һָ֣Ǹ׳ʿǰ̯
ʯûˡ
Ǹ׳ʿȴĬˣֵ£ɰͰ͵أûǮ
ֲš
һʼ֪ʯļֵھʯƷʯʯ֮Щŵܸмǧʯİɡ
ҲɽڵСֲȥȥʯеġ
˲ͲʯҪ˰ɣ
ѾͷԼĽȥСˡ
ûǮ˵ȴ꣬˵һ仰أǮϱˡ
ϱ̧ͷ´ؽʿ
ôҲѾϱˡ
˿öİɡֲԨ˼ۡ
ֻһ۾֪ʿ˵ϱô¡
ؽĵӣȽԼı֮Ϊޡ
Ԩֽ͡
ͨ׶˵ǣЩؽĵ׬Ǯȫˡ
ԣǸ׳ʿףԼؽ˭ܿϱ
ֶؽۡ
⻰˼ǣ˭ܿ˽
ǽްɣִδԽ̬ȵĽޡʦ㲻ǣʦҲǡ
ֻؽʿΪǷǮ
ҲУǷծǮ쾭塣
ֻҪˡ
ĽġǮʯء
׳ʿʱ֨߸׳׳ʿֽСӰǰǱҪһŵ顣
ԻһҪ󡣡
Ǹ׳ʿʾ֭˵ɱ˭Ҿɱ˭С
֣Ҫ
ͽԩ޳
ԨȴȻ뵽ʲôֱ´ؽĵӡ
ǿɴÿӡƣ
ʿĿԨƿߡ
ܡ
ǰһû뵽÷ǲؽĵܴÿӡƣǾֱȥƷˣ
ô
ͦģʢ˵ܴӡˣΪȻҪȽΪҪߡ
ؽʿȷΪףǾԾ뻯ڻм·Ҫߡ
Ǹ׳ʿδ˵ǿԼʦܡ
ǵʿֱ˵ýԼȥ򿪡
ⲻƻȥ
ҪԼ򿪣ʲô
ǿһʿڲһ䣺ǿԴһýòӡ
룬ؽĵ˵ֻԼġ
Ҫδӡ
˵Ʒ塣
˭֪ʿ΢䣬ĬúƺЦһ
Ʒ尡
ȻˣһһѷƷɽͷˣΣ
л˵
дĺˣڿǲҪȥ
~


127 
峿, ְҹδ˯ãǿ˴ſڴ鳯
ǱŵĲؽӺ, һ뿪ˡ˿̵ָǿտյģֻߣ, ȻԶһС
ܳȥԨС齴Ķ֪ȴδ, ڵϢ
ִӶ᷿ܳ, Դ, ǾҦڵĵط
붫᷿ͬ, ҦŲٵļ, ס˶˿ҲһΧſڣŮ, ӿȥʺӡ
ֻû, Ҧô, ûȥˡ
ô, ûʲô¶ġ
ûһ־֪ǷʲôҦķһߣ׼֮ʱͷ, ŵҦ޳
ߡ
ִߣҦ, ҶĴҲߡ
߻, ѰߡҦ߻пִܳȥ, ɳֵĵطѾ˵ߵļڣҲˡ
Ҧ˾ţϴŤŤݵˡ
᷿ԨҲȥֺҦԺеľ
ֵѣҦһ˿ֻЩ˼ſ̾˿лҡûŻˡ
һߵȷ£µں׼£ȻһԼͷ
ҦǱԼĿ־ŵˣ޵۾ڶܿ΢ס
ʵץסߣ
˵Ҧɫ΢ࣺδΪѰߣȥץδץŷ߿ܲѰʹøַӶҲ
𣿡ʵ
Ҧȴҡͷ뵽˵ģ߿Ҿ˲̽δҵκ˵벻
Ȼûκ
˳˼̧ҧָ˼ߵʲô
ȻĴ⣬˵Ĵ⣬ֻʶ̽˲ǳ˾Ȼδһ㡣Ǿ˵Ҫôֻܷ֣Ҫôǣֻ̽鵽
һ֣ӦǲͬĴ˰ɡ˵ܿͻ֪ЩΪʲôǱġ
Ҧ̾ء
ֵѣǺúݵģܵŽеôˣȻҲʺһ䡣ȫûҰ
һ㶣ôܰѻתԨϣ
ڴֻôһ䡣
ֵѣи㡣ҦѾ֪ԼûУǲ⣬Ϊô֣׽Զġ
ֻΪǺйأɫ뽲
δΪʲôҦֱʵ
֣һ㶣
֪ĽС̸ģΪմȾѪ
ҦеĽ϶ڵҦ͡
ǽΪ£Ҧؿ֣㶼֪ʦûнĵ𣿡
ʵʵҡͷûС
˵Ǿż򵥵ˣ༫ϣҲûˡ
ʦſ֣ȻҲûȥҪ𣿡Ҧʮַѽ⣬ģǳôÿΪҲкܶϲġᣬΪн˰ɡǲӦð
ֲ֪ҦݣǾԼ֪ȷû˻ҪԨ
ڳ༫Ľ꣬뿪֮󣬴δϹ˵ҪֻˡֻСһ
Ԩ룬ҲܲΪɻɡȻ󱻾ܾˡ
ҡҡͷ
Ҧʣж㣬ΪʲôҪͲñ˿۲ˡ
ǰǴ˵ԼԨ֮ġ
ҦĻ΢΢ĬƬ̡
ǵĹϵܸӣǲġ
Ψһܿ϶顣
ĸӣɵֿҲǻֿġ
ԨܽĹϵ
Ͳˡ
شҦʮֲ죬дžϲ־ϲڷӦʧˡ
ֵˡǾ㲻Ҳûϵ
ҦͨϾĿ֮ͣʼգжûˡ
ˣȲˣ˵ҲûЩΣҵøʢʦ֣ýŶע⡣
ֻ˾䡣
ҶңҲߡ
ҦüȻˡطѣȷٴתĿꡣ
ȥһ۶Ǳ˵ˣȥ￴˵ء
ĿҦһԽεķȹ뿪׼ض᷿
᷿ڣԨѾ˴ڿͥԺĴĬĬע
ߵ£ͿƿĴڣһ΢Ŀ
͸ʲô˼ֽŲһ٣ûŶ룬˳µľس˼
˴һػݣһ̨
峿ʮֻ̨֣ҹȼհҹϨһĨɫĳš
͸ŴĿ
ָŴĿԡ
ո˵
Ԩᣬֶʱ۵˿İ
Ҳ𣿡
վڴ⣬ŴڵԨ峿΢սȥԵվڹУģġ
ӭԨߣ΢΢ͷ
԰
֪Ҳ֪ģǲ˵ġ
Ȼ˵ǽⲻ˵˴ͷβǶûнĿ
˵꣬Ԩüβ΢΢´һ۾ܿĵ䡣
ֲ⣬ԨΪʲôҪΪֲڵȥͳ
ţ֪
ԨᣬЩû
Ԩ̧üġ
֪һֻ֮ǰ׶˵ܵʱ׻Ǻһµġ
գգۣЩȥֱԨ
ŵϵľ塣
ڡѹʲô
Ϊ
ⲻܾʱ˵ˡ֮Ҳ͹Ϊ
Ҿ㲻Ϊ
ԨҲܽĹϵˡ
ֻ˵Ǵǡ
ʵҲ̲ס룬Ԩ׸һʲôϵ
ûףԨȴӴתȥ
㶣߻صͥԺС
Ҫһɡ
ָԼҵ
Сལ飬᷿Ŵˡ
ֳһŲƳ
Ҳ˵ֱӼ֣һ轣
˵ĽƶֻͬŽĹУԨԼĽѾɺһģһ
һ轣·ǴСһеʦܣĬʮ㡣
˰ʱͣʱԨͣ֡
Сལͬеһѽųӽ־ͷһࡣ
ԼĽ֮ͳһҶƵСͷ˳ƴֵͷϡ
ķƫϸСҶƵͷķҶϵİ֯͸

Լ˵
ͷҶͷ̷ӦԨ˵ʲô
תһӰ֪ʲôûжã̾ȥһͷ
ֺȻһ̧ԨĿԡ

ֲſ˸ͷСԺűƿˣҦҵʹǰÿҦŴЦ
û뵽ʢʦֻһ
Ҧģȴʢء
ŽĿܿ׷ѰСԺеˡ
ͷϴҶŮһ۷ꡣ
ʢؽһ١
ˣ
Ԩѵֱʢأ¶һ̸ϺƵЦ⡣
䡣
㻹֪ˣ
л˵
~
ӸˣϢһ~
~


128 
СԺ, һҦһʢؽ¶סĺ, ֪Լӭ
ԼĳֵȷһЩʲô鷳Ż긡ֳһֽӽŭ⡣
ַģҦЩܵ, һûǰ
ҲԨϵı仯
ǱЩһôһɲʧգգۣƿߡ
ԨҲϲ, תߡ
ǴġָԨĽŲ, ͱʢؽסˡ
ֹ
Ҧ, ʢָָһû˵ĵط
л˵
ֲ²Ǻ˻߷Ʒйص, ͸ȥ˽䡣
, Ҧɫ˼Σݺݷ˸ۣ˦뿪
ֹ, ȵѵѾöˡ
ʢ˸ϲ, ɿ, ͽ˵Ʒ, ʱΪϾټϡؽһ£Ҳӡ
, 룬С߸ʢء
Ǹؽĵ˵, 취
ؽӣ
ʢ΢΢ü
Ҳûʲôڲؽôʶ, ôӦæ, ޹ء
ֻҪһС
ţǾͺá
ʢ΢΢ףһ£Ҧǰ˵ģֵ
ϱеĴ顣Ե߳ҽţʲôͷֹﻹΧ
·ĶˡʢصǽŵϯӣѾ֪£޴ġ
ֵҲǺҪȻ֣Ȼʧ֪֮ĿģﲻΣոС
ʢСԺжƬֻֽ̣Ϣһͨܿ뿪ˡ
ֻص᷿ԨѾϢ´
վһ࿴Ƭ̣ûԨڴߵС齴
ִ˼ʱȻҹĻ٣죬齿Ƭֱ̣˿Ѿӽʱ
˼ʱʱȻȥô졣
ԨС齴
ȶ
ӣŲؿС齡
ھС齻һξʱͣס
Ԩл˵ʲôû˵Щӡ
˵ʵЩʵġ
̧Լͷ
СҶͷڡ
˸Ҷʵˮ֡
˵ǻԨ˵ʲôţ
ֵʱһӴϣԼӲϣҲԼʱ˵Ļ
ԼĲ²⡣Լ˵ĻҲԨĻش
ҹĻУô΢Ĺ⿴Ԩ
Ƭ̣ĵתҹˣҲ˯ˡ
ôãʲôûУ
Եͳת֮ʱ
һ㶣
Сϴ꣬Ȼ˫ۣ侲Ǹոմӻ֮ģ
Ҳ˵Ԩʱˣֻһֱûۣ
ֹӣعͷԨ

ֲ̧߲ˡ
ƮƮ齣קסֱֵۣһקקַ˸һΣһƨϡ
Ԩ˫ֱֵַֿ࣬ӽԼС
ֺȻôһסʶ
ǰСϵġ
Ԩһ˫ֱ
𣿡
ֲ֪ΪΣԨӣʶؽ»Ǵ
ëЩ΢΢ġ
ûС
ŴЩšԼ֪ڽЩʲôֻǰԼôϵĲ˯Ԩ
¿ĺˣֱӿˡ
ԨôȦС꣬Ƥʼˣû
˺ܾãõΪԨҪ˯ˣ̧
Ȼһֱ̣ײԨ۵ס
Ǻ貣۵׵ӳǧһ
Ԩ۵ףֻçײӰӡ
һ˵޷Ԩѡ
Ŵ룬ÿһ
Ԩֵ۵׿뿴ĶЩǳǺ֮ǰȣѾһģĽ࣬ܿʢ
һ㣬һ֪
̫ˡ
ɾˡ
һ£
Ԩѹطʡ
ȻúԶȫԱɵԼһʱ˽
ˣʲôһ£
ȾһĨǳۡ
Ԩöˣ
ǣǿԴ֮
־ض塣
ôһֱˤСϣ˶ƽˡ
Ԩ˳Ҳ׷ȥ
һ
ҹԨĴ΢ģֵĴǣĿڶɵ΢΢һ
֡ˡ
ɴۣǳǳǣԨĺ֯һͣԶʣһ
һƿԨԨҲ˵Ŀⶼ˴⡣
ſߵİգɺĵǡ
ڰһѪԨһѪۼ֮ء
ڷƷ塣
л˵
~
µһ죬ڲŲ~
ȡ~


129 
ŷƷϮ
һҹעûа
ֺԨϵƷɽʱ, ٽŵŵӳϣбҲҴҸ
ٶǴ˯бѣֻһ, ЬӵɽµС·ԡ
ô£ʲô
𣬻ħϢ
Ʒ岻ǿճϵĵǷʲô
˶֪ʲô, ǷƷɽ˽ƣ˸ڡ
ֻ켣ȺУͷŴ˴ɽͷѪϢ
ǲģΣյġ
һڳ༫ϹΣա
ȻƷ屻˽, ٿĳҲ޷һȥ, òͣȥߴ
Ʒ˵ǿռһķͷ, ǽŵʦ, ҲһЩ, ЩӶʦʦԱʵЩһʲôΣ, һɽͷʿ, ¶ġ
Ⱥп˲һе, ЩĮֻǵֵġ
Ȼ뵽һ¡
˺벽, קԨӡ
У
Сʣ᲻ǲؽ󣿡
֮ǰؽĵ˵취÷Ʒ, ڷƷĳˣѪа, Ҳ̲ס뵽ؽʿ
Ԩ΢΢ҡͷ
ǡɴط, ħϢ
ؽʿ, ʴ⣬ɾĽޡ
ƷɽͷϢħϢ
˴ħ嶢ˡ
ħϢ
գۣڼ﷭˲٣Ҳûҵħйص顣
ȻħϢĴһųС¡
ܿ죬ΪŴӵʢѾҴҸϵŽ·٣ߵȺ֮У̧ͷ۷Ʒɽ壬Ⱥо׼ҵ֣ͶĿ⡣
Ķҡͷ
ʢȻ
ʢصĵòٽĹǣ˴Ľô¡
ʢҲǸսӵϢҴҸģҲǵ˲ŷַƷɽͷԶҪصĶࡣټֵķϣôͲǲؽóġ
ħϢħ壬ⲻһС¡
ʢۼɽµı·ǲҪ뿪˵ıһǱ춯ģħϢĴڣӶһң˭ܷ뿪
ʢ˵գҲǴÿ·ۼһ࣬ŵضŷƷɽ
һշɳһɫӡ´ս䣬޴ĽӡڷƷɽͷ
һ̣ƷĽʧ
ǰƷС·ϣŽģһӡ
ڵĸ߽ʿ֣Ϊµȣյѹǣƣ޷ж硣
в֡
ֻȺпǰӵĵִ²͸ǽŵˡ
ڵʿ
Ȼִ˺һֻһʵĲ²⡣
ڶ˵ҲʲôвĴڣ
ҡҡͷӦǴϾǽΪ̫硣
ĵִһչƷĽƽӴֱϡ
ʢأʢĸּ˸ۡȻ
ѾһԨһϡ
ȻԨȴ˺Իʿûá
ĿľǱƷ壬ڻʿĴڷһѣĻ죬ȻǱ롣
һ㶡
Уô죬ŵӲǰ
ѵǶߵһ˶첻ȥƷ
ֻڿУѾס
һ̣Ԩն
ڷʧ
ڣʲôʿ
УԨЦ
ǰһһ̣ѾƷɽ嶥
˿ҹʱǰʶͨġϿһȦѪѪ֮У³˲ٺɫţغ󣬻һħޡ
µķƷɽѾһƬǽ塣
Ǹ֮ǰЩħȻѾԴ˽йһƻ
㳡ϵķƻ࣬ͲĵӵѪУһһ
һµӣֳһʮͷɫȫʱһֵͬʱͷ˺ɤӺܣ
ĵ뿪
мӵûˣײײѪеĵӡ
ÿ϶ᣬ֣̿š
ͻϮ˶⧲ûκ׼Σ֮С
ħȴ㴭Ϣʱ䡣
еķ䶷裬ֻΪʱĵֵȴǲܡ
ħҪ˵ʱĽӿ£߬һƻħһˡ
أɨӡ
飬Ľأ
ȣȴıȡ
ռɿ̧Ĩһ
ѷ⽣
޲ɼ
ôһ䣬һԾ죬â¶
ǿеѪԴԴ³ɫţŻħϾ
ֺԨӰϢĿǽĶ
ԾģʼýԨȽϡ
һڵʿѪħȻɴһȻɽ֮ƣ޷һʱѪ
ڳ༫ϹԨ֡
̧һƣѪҲãҲãһлΪҽ
ѹԨǳԽһʿ۷ڡ
ĺ
ֻǡ
̧ԨĿѪϣ˼
ΪˣֻʵԶǰһֱ۷Խɡ
ռɫ԰ףѪзԼĵӣͳҩһӿС
󻷹һȦ
Соغ𣿡
ֶУռ麰һСоСоǲǾǡ
غˣʦġ
ĵЩʣΪԼͬۡ
ռ΢΢˿̧ǿеѪĹ£˱âȻСкħ³ʧ
ͬʱʢҲҴҸ
ʱħѾҪȫ
ֱӹռ飬˵ĵӷһķ֮С
𶯣ռȴʢֻ̧˻ӣȥ
Լĵ֡
һʢ΢΢㶣Ƭ̺ʦ壬оĴڣ˵ȥġ
ռԴûκαʾ
ʢ޷ֻÿ
ۼ⣬һ෿ݵĺܣһɫµİС꣬Žڳ
òԶ
۾һקקԨָСꡣ
㿴ǲо
ŵӷαװһСĵӣڷƷϵо
ԨûмоԶӡҲǳֻòȷ˵Ů
΢΢ס
ΣҵоˡһûаװҵԶҵоĿ͸ȷˣֻʣ˴ߵĴŮܿ죬˾ܺŮžˡ
һϲ¡
۾ЦˣҪ̧߹оԶռһһٺʢ˵ǲ˵ȥġһ£Ѿй
ֽŲһ٣ĿͶռ飬ռɫǴһ˿ģƣġ
ΪҲ֪Ϊʲô
ʢسĬ
ִʢأ²ϢӦòʢйġʢֻҵԼŮֻˡϢй¶ǴһᡣռǺһ
ɵЩţ˿Ԩִļͷ֧šϤ¶ڲ࣬³һ΢˵㡣
Ϊҹʲôռ˵
Ҳ֪ҹֵʲôԨ˵ħϢ̧Ԩ
ԨħڡڵĴڣȥ̽Ҫ֮ص顣һ˵ħڣɶԲ˵ѡ
ѪɢŽ
ħڡ
飬Ϊ㽻Ϊʲô
֪һŴʲôѣ
ռͷԡ
ֻ֪ðǹ֣֮ħУǲѡ
ѾһΣԲᡭٴڶΡ
һ㶣ռ˵Ȼ֪ǹ⣬˵һΡҲ˵ڿռѳʦ֮ǰ֮Ƿʲô
ռ˻ơ
ǹҪʲô˲֪ȴ֪һ
ƱػỤס
л˵

µģൽֻۣϻ
졭㣿
Ҿ


130 
ҹļž, ֻпռһ˻Ƶ
ͷһſռ顣
ռ˵ֻʲô˼
ʦ塭ʢز˵, ͱϡ
סڣ
Ǳ׵ŭ֪ʲôʲôȥһýȥģһûпܵĽ
ռ벽ˣûн֮ǰ˭Ҳ˵ûпܵģ
Խ
˺ü, óȷǱùǺһĺ˼ָſռͲˡ
ռҲáⲻá
֮ʮֽӲ
ʢһ඼岻ȥ, Ϳռ, Ҳ廰, ֱתȥҵ, ˾ʲô, ȻŰ˵͵ҽȥơ
㳡ϵĶһЩĲƷ˽ѣҲҪָ, Щķ, ҲһС¡
ֱַ, Ҳûзǵټ, һ뷨
ԭȽͿռ˵껰˵, ȥֵƬ̡
ټĹ㳡ֻʣ¿ռһˡ
ĵǼȥ˵ͬ, µֻ, ھδ״̬, ±ŸԵķ¡
ռڹ㳡ϽķƬһһմȾ˲ӵѪһգռֱ𣬲֪˶ٵͣǿסԼʰЩƬ
ֵ˺һȷʱ̧Ԩ
ʱҲ֪ǲʵģѾˣ϶޹
ԨȻֵ뷨΢ףǰ
ԨµĻ̌Ŷʧ㳡ϵĿռڵһʱ䷢ֲԣ̧ضСֵλá
˭
߳С֣˶ڿռǰ
Կռ⣬룬һĻش
ŵӣ֡
ռĿϣƺǲ죬ֳֿꡣ
ŮнΪĸ߽ʿǰԼٳڷƷɽͷ
ʲô·
ռ˵ľţΪ⣬Ϊǽŵӣδ⡣
ֻԼжûмڵµˣȻȫûӡ󡣶ݲΪ˻Ҳ֪жٲµĳϻС
Աݣδõռһߡɵġ
ǿռѾ˾ţԾûκε֮˰ɣ
ҪһſھҪʯʻᱻܾɣ
ǻ˴ĿĺڣռɨꡣԿǸԼĪΪˣǲ֪ΪΣ˸ĸоЩԼɲ⡣
Сռ鿴֡
Ͳʮ߰ŮúƯҲǽΪЩ΢ʶһ
Ԩû˵²˿һֻռĿǣ˵ǸϢֱ˵Ҫʯ
ʯ
ռޱȲ졣
ʶˣôλҵɽͷ˵Ҫʯ
Ԩ˵ˣ͸Ļⲹʦ˵ģҪʯ
ռüͷ
ҹкȻħϮֺһܡ»ܻ쵽ɽͷҪʯ
˵ʦд˶֪˭ͽܡ
ʦ˭ĸɽͷģ
ɽͷֻסˣ˺ð죬ֻ֪Լʦɽˮһˮɽ֮أɽͷʲô治֪
ʦû˵ɽͷ룬˾䣬ɽͷλãǴųرʮ߶ʮһɽˮ
ռһֱ֡
Щٵġ
˵ǣ
šֵ˵ͷ˵ǾŰ֪ѽաšʦ֡
˼ȥ˼ҿճϺ񲻺ʣǰվŵı֣˿ʦ֡
ռĬãֿ°͡

ռҲȥʰ㳡Щķ´ҴңֺԨȥһľݡ
ƷĵӲࡣͬ뿪˼ʣӡ
ӻعͿʦİ˳֣û࿴һۣ˾ʧˡ
ֻʦܿ͡
˴ľһªķݡ
ֻеŵĵص͹ʣֻ֮ǽϹŵĶ̵
ССĹ߹ǽ
ֺԨһռͬĿʼֵϡ˵ȴ̧ڷһƣȷĶԻȲʡ
˵ʦŵĵӣ
ռԾŵĳƺʦţ΢һ㡣
ռȻѳʦţҲǶʦȫûиġ
ǵġ
Ҳδ㣬⼸ʮڣʦµĵӡռЩįͷ˼Ƭ̧̣ͷЩʣʦң˵ʲôˣ
뵽ʦ˵Ļٿռڴı飬ԥ˺һ̲סԨ
ô죬ʦʱ˵ģ̫飬λʦǶʦڴġֱ˵
Ԩûôת˼һüֱ˵˵ʯʹ㡣
ҧסЩԨģЦ˵Ҫ˵ӣֱ̫׳һԲϾͻͳˡ
ռ仰ȴЦ
Ȼʦ尡ռЦЩįģǱ֮ǰǸģȴǺࡣ
ĿϣҲ˲١
ʦҪʯòɡ
һ⻰ֱ˱ǰ̽̽
ţ
ռֱԲ䣺ʯֻģ˵ʯʵ֮ۡǰʯЩСˡµʯδҪȶɾҲȡʯ
ռ˵ĶɾǽŵĶɾ
͵СɵĶɾͬŵĶɾǺӴĴڡÿ궼ΪӵѡҲͬռὫĲڶɾ֮Уʱ䣬ˣȶɾŴ򿪣ųķߡ
ЩΪ𣬻ռʯռЩʯһЩʹõķǡ
˵ռŶƵһˡ
üҪĿľΪʯòʯ
ǵؿԨòʯ¯Ԩ˭Σ
ۿɼˣռ鿴ԥ²ɾҪ˶þʹˡʮ졣Ƕɾ֮ڡ
ΪҪ꣬û뵽Ȼֻʮ졣̾ˣͷ
ҵȣҵȾˡ
ʦҪʯʲôռʵҪʯķҶ
Ҳһ¯ֱԲ䣬ʦ˵òԵ¯ܳɹһΣķѵĶұ塣ֻʹʯ¯
ռһ㶣ǡ
ǰŮûУΪҲ㹻ˣУŮȫӣԼᣬȫ֪塣
ҪôʲôԭҪôΪѾߵ޷ĵزˡ
ռ૵ԭˣѹʦң֮£Ҳʯ¯ˡ
ʦ֣¯һʱͰˡֳϿ˵Ҽ¯
ˣʯżȥҪõ¯ԭ׼׼ȡЩáռһ֣һĨЦû뵽˰ǣʦŻеޡ
ʦǳİɣ
ֶٻ˿ģռߵ̬ȺȷԸæġ¾׵ˣֻҪʯܸԨˡ
Ԩ
Ԩƺ̧֡
ĿԣЦЦòá
ԨŴǳЦУü۶˼֡
鷳ֻΪץסһᣬЩΪԨ٣ﻹЩġ
Ѷ뿪𱻱˷ˡ
ռ˵
ȵȡ
ֲмû˵أæ˵ʦ֣оɣҪ
оСоռüͷ΢ϵ
˵ϵʶĸףá˴γҿʦҪʯ¯⣬һ¾ҵо
ֽ͵
ռüЩ䡣
о״̬Щ΢
ʦã֪ǰûκԱ֮һ
ֵͷ֪׿Աġ
ĸסռ˵һƽƽĽޣܴӶбŮһǴӽбĺӣб
ԸˣԸ˹𣿡
һ㶡
ʦ֡⻰ʲô˼
ռ̧֡
ǹⲻŹκһСоĸ׻סǹС
ʦã֪֮𣿡
ǹҪǰ
л˵
~
Ҳ˵
~˵ʱ



131 
ǹĴ, ˵Ϊ˳һ˽һʮڣѪɺӣʬɽɱ¾ûл˵Ĺ⡣
ǹĿҪһǰһĸ
ȫֵ
ĬáҲռ˵ǶԵġ֪ݵİҲͰ, оİѾйˡ£ܱоȫ
ֵĳĬ, Ԩ࿴һۣ׾Ͳ³˼
̧ƮƮĺģмְ֮⡣
ֻܺͿռ, ˺оž, ںһ, ҪΪоĸ, 
Դ˿ռûзԡ
ȥһо
ƷϵĶʦʦɽͷʵ򵥡
һҲ߸, ʮ䣬һǵӵңһ붼䡣
оͱһƽʱôõϵڡ
ҲΪһŮ, ҪеǷֿ
˴и¯, , ߿Ķ̨ԼǽϹ˵ߡ
߿һɳĶ̨ʰʰ, ΪоʱһŴ齡ֻһ죬ûͷоԼѵŵġ
оռſ, һۿռ֡㶣Щŵ
, ˭
ɨһ۴˴, ֪о״̬
ܼª, Ǳ𵱳ܽظҵԶֻ˿ġ
ʮŮҲа취ҵȫĵط
оռ塭
ֳĬ£ͷԨ
ô죬˺壬ռʦ֣˵ǺоͬģͿռҲͬ
Ԩֵһ̡
ССһֻ꣬ҲǸˡ
ֵ̧ĺףһżоĶ㲻ö࣬һľзŵ롣Ŀռ䲻ֻһǽǵλ˵ӣڷżţƽհԵĵط
оԻЩŵģܱռӦòǻˡ
ĿһֱϣԨƺЩأ࿴һۡ
ЦоʮͣѾһŮģˣԶ꣬ЩҲǸƯС
о㸸ġ
ֻ䣬оɴۣ۾ϲؿ֡
ҵģҵأ
˵䣬Ȧˣλ㣬ûҽã
ĸоŽ˽֮ǰԶ顣ҵоҲ类ʿߵĴŮûˡ
㸸ڽţò׻ġʣݱ˷ˣЩʲôΣգ
˵⻰ʱ˿ռ顣
ռĬоԥƬ̣С˵Уŵ֪ǰǺƵġ֪֮󣬾ץңǿ彫һסġ
ץ㡭뿪𣿡ȥҲֻôһֿˡ
ô򵥡
شȴǿռ飬ЦһЩ
ֻҪ¶ô뿪ŵһ̣ڡְȥĽˣ϶ڽŵ⣬ͻᱻ֪ڵץߡ
оռѹġЩ¡
֮ǰ֪ôΣգ˵ץҪɱǡ
˵оŵʣԶû°ɣ
ָոֻᵽԶԶʱ̫ӣһ㲢δо
ѾصǸˣûµġ
о˿
ǾͺãԶôСڲݵġ
˴ͨˣҲ˳оôġ
оŻǸᡣʱ㱻ץߣñԼɽеŸ׻ֵȣȵˣ֪ʲôʱͶ·ֻ֮ܳȥҵ
ֻ֪һУδЩҪȥҸףûĿģżȻ֪ţȥңҲףҵȥҸס
ôһ·ġҲҿִʱÿռȷֵģݣҲǿռһ·ڡ
ȻĵȲڡ
֪ھڽţоĺܸˣл
о״̬ܺãڿռҲ˷ĵġȷһǡ
ҹ̫飬Ϣеġ
ֺԨȻ뿪Ʒ壬۷СԺС
ҹˡǽŴŵơǱǴӷƷ¿ֻ˯Żںʲô
Ҧû˯еŵƣܿӰӡ
᷿ûƣȻصУҲûȥע⡣΢ϴ£Ϸȥء
˯û˯ġ
˼ȥҽü壬ϢооĺߣйǲǻΣա
ȥУһᣵСϣԨ̾˿
˯ˣ
ÿߵ齱ߣһֳ࣬Ŵ齵ͷ֡
ֱűʵʵ˵ͷ˯ⶼޡ
ҪЩʲô
ԼԼҪȥˣȥһʢʲô취˺о档ȥҿռ飬ÿһ֮о˵顣
Ԩգر𵭶˵ʲô£˳Ȼ
опռıӻôʱڿ϶¡֮Ҳڲľܽġ
ϾħڶѾִˣ֪ʲô鷢
ʲô
ֱϥǣߵɫ͸֮ǰɺȻͬɫ޾ᡣ
ڴϣԨӰ
˯ţ㣿
Ԩ˹˵һŶұ˯
һ㶣ȴǷҡͷ
˲ˣҲ˯ˣҴ
ԨЩźһ
ѾܾûбˣλСģë׵һСűڻеָУѾܾûйˡ
˵Ǵﻹ¶ԥ˺þã̲סʡ
Ԩʦ˵ǰѣʲô
ܶΣܶǰ֪ô
ֵļֻн顣ڳ༫༫ĳѾҲм˰ɡԨΪ϶ġǰǳѣԨ֪
˭֪Ԩȴ΢΢һɫгĬá
õ˯˵Ĵ
ȻЦһ
ô죬Ҳ̫㡣
ԣŶһǾˡ
ǲǰʲôǲ㣬ǰǳƽʱҡʲôӵġ
Ԩܵ͡
֣޷ش𡣡
ǲᣬҲƭ㡣
Ϊɵǳƽʱұ޾֮У֮
Ԩ̧ڴ⣬֣Զİ£һޱ޼ʵա
ĵ˵
Ҳһֱôǿġ
عͷЦЦǲǺ⣿
ֶԨ
Ԩ˿û̫ǹЦ˵ģҲɡ
ͷƵۡ
˵֮Ӧʹʱɡ
ôȻĿ˵Ϊһ޷ش⣬Ϊ˸һ͡
־ôʪԨЦ
ôҡԨƺ̾˿ң
ЦţȴǺ͸ոսȻͬɣ֪ҵģûбʾۣҿɲܡҾ͵ʲôɣңң
ԥƬ̣Ԩ˫֡
ԨεصЦ
㰡
ֱֽС
Υı˸ǰĵģʵ㡣
֣ҪŻ˵Ļʲô۵Ļƭġ˱˻ԣ˵ľǴ˿̵Ԩ뱧ˣţ۸Сꡣ
ֿԨĻУ˵ԨıŽȻͬĲģͬĻУδռ
Сֹ˾䣺ûƭҡ
óġΪģŻ˳Ļ
Ԩ°ʹͷЦţģҲƭˣⲻǱ𣿡
Ҳû취
ԨĻУƵء
˭Ԩ
۵Ԩ
л˵
ˡ
~


132 
ա
ЩŵĴС²ϡӲؽɽŵİٲ̨, ٵɽųߣپħַƷ塣׮׮һ𣬿ɶʲôͷ
ȻЩǽԼҪĵ, ͱ͵Ĺϵ
ȻΪ˽ŵλصģɺͽŹϵúõģҲôź, ɲӹϵ治Цһ̯¾ȥˡ
ȻˣЩı˽Ŵ˴ΣЩֵġģֿöˡ
ҹеһϲؽĵ, ֻи׳ʿһ, ǸʿͬС˴, רǸġ
ҪȥƷôһͨ, ħһ, ֵˣƴˣûæ, ԼЧ, ԵҪ, ٰǡ
ֵû뵽ؽڽڳ, ʲô֪ԥ£֪ԼòؽӰʲôʵʲôҪʯס
ֻؽĵӺҪǮû, Ҫһ֣ʯƱҪˡ
ȥ, ֻ˵´ΰ, ´Ҫٺǡ
ؽʿҲ, ֱӸһɫСֽͲ
ҪʱȼѰ㡣
Ҳá
ֵôСֽͲԼС
ۿؽʿҪҹȥǽŲؽֻҪжһ䡣
ڽϣҪʲô𣿡
Ǹ׳ʿڷ绹ͦ
ѷģԲõˡ
ٶģȴû˵ʲôˡ
ȴǱҪġ
ֲò˵ԼȻеֵڴ
ǲԵġǣǺܺᷢʲô
峿ŶһϲУææµµӣǰܺŵӣǴѵŵӶǹȥСԺ͡
Žյ˼磬ӽѡһˮɫѣҲġ
ԨȫûѽշУһˮˮɫϵһɫôء
ƿ᷿ţ߳ҦͲһˣһʯĳȹ仹ϵ鴮ӣ޽üͿ˫ۡȥ⻪ÿ
ֶ࿴ۡ
ҦƽҪɫˣҲÿԭҪһ㡣
ĺ귴Լա
ǲǵ뿪źҪȥ֬ˮʲôģôױͦÿġ
Ҧɲֿ֪ױЩˣʱԭֱͦȻ°ͣտǺܺÿġɵӶ᷿߳ʱɵÿ
ˮܽأ˼һ֬մݣ촽ѩʲôױݶÿ
ȲñȲáοҦǼǵóʱֵòġԭòòķòһϣֵֻǴ޵֡
ֻԭ°͵ҦڿСֹ˾ʲôƲͷȥǹƵ˲١
Ȼ
ʱûס࿴ꡣ
Ҧ۲۲ڵĿ·Żʢأǰڱ˵ò꣬Ҳֻ۲ˡ
ֵѡ
Ҧߵǰɫ˵ҿʢʦ˵ˡ
üˣǰʢʱ
ѾˣʢʦܲҲɡҦ˵رίҶʢʦֶˣҽտǴҪҶһɲС
ۼʢضֵ̬ʵЩºͣҦΣСҲʢ뷨Ļǿ
⻰졣͵ģȥ˵Щ񶼺鷳ֻ˵һ䡣
Һʢֻʶûκιϵ
˴βΪͬһĿģΪ˺оžۣŻһ顣ǵȹʱ䣬Ŀɣûйϵ·ˡ
Ҧˡ
Ԩ
գۣҲûȥԨ
һ顣
ԨҦĻʢأ
Ҳ˼
Ȼڻ٣̽»֪Спü˭
ʱпӰӣǱǸеġЩʦ⡣
Ҧˣһ˽УҦǺܽõģֺԨҦҿ
ʵôĻȫԾŵݸ
ﶼ׼˵ģһ˱뵽㳡ڽ׼⣬רųˣǽʦ׼ݽȥд˾Ŷ֡
ֻǳд˹дˣɾûֱӲһ¡ֵֻһģĸ
սǰصźֻ֮ܶ࣬ΪУǿͰ¡
ֻôλãҲнġ
еλĴŵӺҵǰСŵӺûʲôݵں
ֺԨ˵ǾŵӣǾͺݣֱӱһһпǽĽ䡣
ǻˣЩŲڡڽ䣬ܴӽǿеˣΧۻ֣λúܲ
ҲؽҪµģһλûͦȫ
ֺ⡣
οϵĲ͵ȫһûΪλõĲֳͬһʳ
ֺԨڽ䣬ֳǰˡ
з룬ǰСЩλƫģûʲôݵСţ˻ûеʼձЦǺǵģͿΧʺ
ǰĸʺһȦͷֹ˹֣ЦʣλѣԵϴ¼¬֪λǣ
ҲͿֱ̧˱֡
֣Ǹһ㶣Ƥӷ÷ɿ죬ǰǰ̨һֳֽһֻ˫޵۷Ůһ޵ľ֣
⻰˵ѹúֺֻܵͣԨõ
һ㶣֪ңҲ̨
ҲҲ¬ҡͷԵ²ϢͨһЩ֪Ķ֪ˡֵѵĻ˰ˣûϵ
˵գ¬ЦԨ
λ֪Ǻźɣ
Ԩü˵ţ
ס¬°ɻ󣬡ȴţˣλѵĻƽƽǡ
¬ֺ׷˾䣺λѿӦúǮɡ֪¿ʲôģȫ°ֻҪһǧʯʲôϢܸ´
𣿡
ĵ֣۾ЩأȷʲôϢܴƭ˵𣿡
¬ŴС˵ǱҾֱ˵ˣЩĳɷ֣ǹһңµó汾ֻҪʵģһܸ
ֵȷĶˣͷӽһٸʯ¬
Ƕ𣬵ȴ˴㡣
¬һʯЦòãˬˣ±Ȼ֪޲޲
Ԩ֣۾ʵ֪ҪʲôϢ
ֻǺйصģ¶ԷһûʲôݵСŵӣƵСҲΪ˼һʯֻΪ˶һ˵Ļᡣ
Ԩͷ֡
ʲôʵģңҲҪǮ
ҲûãҲ֪ѽֹ
ֻһ⡣Ǿ֮󣬲ͨޣǻʲô취ָܻꡣ
ԨЦ
ȻΪ
ò˵㡣
̧ƣһ
㳡˹֣һµڼӵ£һ߳
Ц
λĳѵλĳĳʤмлλĵ
ǶԽ֣߰˰˵ЩףĻ
ʢڽ࣬ŽһƽյģʲôϲɫҲûй
ֻվ̨ɨһ۱ͣڽ俴Ц˵ʲô֡
ܺã۶Ц⡣
ʢº˼֡
ǽ˵׵ĻҪλͷشһ졣
ּڵһʱ̧ס䣬˫ֱͷ
һ̣õĶֱӷ
롣
һµģжļҺ˵Ĳ࣬ˮ·ߵĹʺ
һͷ
л˵
~
ûϲ~


133 
̧ûЦ
֮ϲûסЦ˳, Ͱǰ¬
Ȼ⧲Щͷ£ɵǻʿ, ˲һֱδ䵽ϡ
ˣҲѽ첱Ӵ, һʿȻҪѺ͸ŵǰ涪
ؽһǲؽģ
Щ֮ܿһĵʢ࣬ȷӦһԾ𣬱Žʧȥա
˴úܴ, ݶ, ʱ, ȻҪǰƻṹ, ټԷ, ʱձ
ݶ֪ɵδʢվʧȥܱߣ֮˲δ뿪, һ׳ؽʿؽܱ, ʢص, еһֽȥ
Щֻֽаƴ, ţʧȥݶĿһ, ֶӵһݡ
ڽ֡
δϷĲؽӣִֻӿƮСֽ, ˳һݡ
˿̽ѾӦ, , ȴԳֹӦʢȥ׷Ѷ֮ˣĵӷӦʱûǵЩֽϿֵܳݡ
ôһڳ˶ӵֽͷ򿴻
Դϵŵú֮Ůʮ屻丸˼Уѧϰ˼ķʵ򱻽ú
Խ۾ɵԶ󣬿ʧ֨
ŭǳˣס죡
ǰһ̻ǫѷ͵׼ĺģһ̾˴ͷ¹൹ۻ֮Ӱֲ棬˿̸Ǳס
Ǽٵģ֮ʣĳδСŮ͵ȥĪţ
˵ȱŭȴڳĲ¶Щɻ
ҵȲδ˵ȥ˺δô֪ʲô
ֵͷĬĬֽĺһ䣬ɴۡ
ڳҲ
ŮǣԴΪǹڡйġ
ڳ˶޷ʱը˹Ƶ궯
ģƺǸɱ˲գ۵ŮħͷȻǽǸŮ
ǹ⣿ǹ⣿˵ϣ
ŮǼȷʮͲˣǰŮȥǹ⣿
ſҪǹͶϣȻΪνԼŮǣ
ɵø
ڳĶɣǹ硣ֻû֮࿹ʵֻǣϵáǲٹġ
˭ǹ⣬ɱʮڳ֮أǻˣ֮޲ֶεɱ¾ǹʵ̫ǿ֮࿹֮١
˵Ҳǳ༫ɳ༫ǹⲢ޾𣬶ǹҲӲǳ༫͵ల༫Ҳδǹֹ
ŵһˣǺǹ࿹⣬ǻõԼмＸ
ˣҲôλεȥǹ⡣֮أĸε˲Ż᲻Ҫϴա
˵һĴˣԼŮǹ⣬˵ʲôⱳ˼û˸ȥ
׺ڣϸܿǼⶼǳ鴤ġ
ȻһжԤϡ
ŵӷַûзסһ֡
ؽ󣡲ؽʵ
ֶǹĸ˶ЩˣԼŮ͵ǹȥˣ񻹳ǹģ񲻶ϣ
⡭ͼʲô
鸴ӵؿǽ
ǲ˵֪ԼɽаҪÿռ齻ȥԵɵģ
Ϊ⿪˽ƣԳĿռɫ䣬ƺҲʲô߳
һԡ
һԼ̧ѹѹ
ڳ˶ܽ£ɡ
ĳȷһŮʲô˵ʮʱȥ˼ѧϰķǹĹƭȻߡ
ȥĲϻأ֮£ĳѾСŮϾŮϵ
ʹļ׵ǹƪǵŮҲˣȴֻ֪ʹСŮ˹ϵ
СŮ֮£Ҿ޷ʵʵҪ˵ҹǹ⣬Ҫ˵źǹйϵǿԩ
ⷬ˵Դǣһʹļףȷ˳ɡ
Ů£ûйϵҲ˵Źǹɡ
ȷˣֻҪĶϾϵȷźǹûκιϸҲʲô
λλһԡ̧˫ѹѹ֮£زﶼ֪ǲؽıΪĳ棬Ϊؽȡ֡˵£Ҳȷδǰǵĵ֮¸λǸ
ڳ˶֪ؽͽŻԹѾãǰòؽӲ˽ŵİٲ̨ף˵Ҫֽ磬Ҳ˵ùȥ
ǲؽӣɲ֮ˡϯ̲סһȺޣֱֱֻȥģҪ־Ͷ֣˵ˣ¶ˣɲؽҥ¶
˵Ҳ̲סͷ
Ĳ˵ǲؽǷʯǮһҪһҪ֣һһˡ
и뷨ֽдģӦġ
ǿȥô޹ġ
ֵͷһ㡣㣬Ԩžƣڳͽ٣ܰĳԺȵģҲˡ
˵䣬ȴһЦ
Ҳȫ޶֮ˡ
ؽڵϷ˻˻ϣиĽŲ𽥿
֮ͣϳȥ
ŵӦϣȻһ̣ʮշˤһá
ż˽
ؽ꣬Ȼһҹּؽʿ
ֿ֣²ʲô¶ҪֳˣϽ˼ĭĭ
Ĳ˵ųղҲζմһҲ޷
ﻹĩأȻϽЩԾ
˫۾ڶ
ԨƮƮ˾Ʊ
̧ͷ
ӵߣﻹ׽ĭڳ˶Ťͷ֡
һ㶡
׷Եɣȴ߽õؽʿȺԶԶֹ˹֣ʮֿʮֱ΢
֪ˣ֪ǸծǮǷծ߸ծ񣬲֪ġ
һ仰û˵˶ţôֽŵĲؽˣʲôˣ
һתһòƯŮֳ˷£ܵŲ˺žƵŮ
̧֮ʱȻ޹
һеʼٸߡ
ЩʳʣһŰȥ
ſӣСĴһؽʿ
ʲô˼
Ҳֵϡ
ڵʿɨֺԨʱް
֪ºˣڲݼˣǲؽӣϣ֮ʱΪ
ּǿˣڷ֡
ǲ룬ǿó˼ݵġ
޷Ҳʲôͷ¶β֮ˡ
Ǵ󷽷˹֡
¾֣ǲؽġ
˭֪ɫˡ
˵֮ǰףΪ˽첱Ӵ֣˿̣ɫɷס
ֵľ֡
š
ŻлˡˡҪҪʲô
ף
̬Щ̫Ծ
ֿҲֱ˵ˡ
Ҫһ
ʯ⻰ɲ˵˵ˣ˶֪ˡͽŶ̬ȣֻǺ鷳
ᣬڻ˵ǣǹء
鷳ˡ
Ԩֵ̧ŴЦ
С껹û֣Լ˵⻰ҡҡ׹ûˡ
ӲվǶ֮ǰܵ軹Ҫ̼
Ǿ֡
ڳĲ֪ŵģǶ졣

Ͳؽûйϵ𣿽֮£ȷģ
ؽǷǮ֮ûйϵҶ֪Ůǹ⣬ΰЩ
⻰˵ò˶ˡϾ޽ŵҲֻвؽˣܻʱ侫ȥȷŮݣҲֻвؽˡ
Ȼϯ䡣
ڵһŵҶڿֺɫ䡣
ˣ֡
겻Ϊ̫̫࣬
֣֡
걻Ƥӳ༫裬־ȵľȫΪ
ΪǳҹС
ҺãҺƾһҶݣҶŵŮݻʮꡣ
ĶҪ
ЩҲҪ
֮У̨֮ϵ衣Ҫһһȥ
ǲؽؽ˸񣬲ֳΪעĿ֮ˣûмǸ⣬ֻĿ˽ϡ
˵̫
ǺϾ˸ŮϵΪ鷿˽ٷĵأ
ǹε֪ųһ˿̡ڱ·أ
л˵

~
~


134 
ǹŵ·ϣ
ĿĿ϶о
ַӦ, ĿͶ˵һŵĿռ顣
Ȼռ˿̵ı΢·Լһ˼֮У˶ڷ, δֵĿ⣬ֻ˵ûǲؽӵĻ
Ȼֻиġ
ǰһ, ǻڷ׷ѯʾʲôɣȻΪνɫ䣬κ˶ܲ²Щʲô˲֪Եɡ
һ, ҵעǹ
ͷʼ, ֪˲ؽ, ǹ, ˭̤ذɡ
˵ǿһЦ, ŵЦգҪٵĴǮ
֪᲻ǣΣء
˵Ͼ˹ϵٷ, , ϵϵǲ̫ˣ
˵, Ӧ˵, ϵ̫ʱˡ
ǰıͿɲΪһЩٵΪԼǹͽ֮ĶԹУ׷ܱȳһͨ, ֡
ˣǰ첻ȥ, ʣµĶ˲, һˡ
˵׻ǹϽʱһЩʲôΣ, ޹
ǰգħڶѾ˽š
˵ĻǽǱܵУ⻼
ֿУѾȥЩԥ߻ǲأߵĻʯòˣռ˵ȹ˽ܴ򿪶ɾʱ䡣
ǲߣоô죬ǹô죿ǹ˽оŪߡ
ԥ
ϵ龰ʱʱ̶̿ڷű仯
вؽӾ֤İٷţ޷ϾŶģܱţǾʹĲؽУųİѱ
ǾȲˡȷǸؽ˵ǹ֮еȷ쵽ˡ
֮Ǵȥź֮ء˵ǴţߵڵжԵλãֻҲûʲôý
֮¾Բй
ѹʿѹ¡
ڳıʹΪ𵤣˼磬ڴ˵Ȼʿѹ£Ϊѡ
Ǻ⣬ǿпҵ𣿡
бͷɡ
ڽַ֣ԼѹûκηӦ
ʿѹ˵嵽ģֻܸоеľޱ䣬ȴδκ֮С
ͷԨ
Ǵ˼ΨһһƵˡ
޳ָžƱһƺһ룬ŽͲؽӵĶţڳ͵Ļ֣̿һе˲Ȥ·һֻܳԵýζ
йϺʰøɸɾֻͷֱֽ̧Ϻ
һֻû˵ֱӱһϺʡ
Ӿ׽
ųӵĲϺȻȲС׼ģǱԵϺˬڣʵ
Ԩ⣬˳ֽһƸ
Ҳ˲˵ˣͷᡣ
ԨԵù˳ۺЦ⣬̧ɨǽ󵭵ƿߣδС
λĳΪλֻǽղؽԻڣΪλܿ࣬ĳλڽţ漸գȴࡣ
ֽ֮ͣǰñ׵ģ¶Цݣֿ
ˣ˷Σա
˵û̫ëǵˣͲ֮ǰ¶ôۼ
µ˵Щˡ
ǲؽ˵װףǹҲϸ
Ҳ˵ǱڽţǹУ
в˶ɧ֪ˣ͸ѧ֮ǰǼߵúá
ɲôţǰһ뿪ļͣžͱһɷ紵֮С
ЦµӰæĽһ顣
ؽؽؿ˺һ
ˣλˡǲؽɫ԰ףִͳһҩֻڱӼţɨϵˡ
ڳıͻʲô֪ģǱˡһȵǹˣǻûȥδ֪
ҪĿڱڳÿһˣȥ
Ҷǰһ̻ڶַߺ޲ѣһ̣ȴ԰ӦԼҲΣյġ
ͷɨԼҶ˼˼
Ҷ磬Ҷ˼˼ɫǲ԰ףҧأڲϿ֮С
Ҷ緢֣Ҷ˼˼Ŀֵϡ
Ҳ֮˹ȥ
ֳһᣬֱԨͶι˿⡣һƬһƬкõģʶζֺܾᣬһ۲۲ı仯һ᲻òԡԨʱ˳ſ죬سԵ˿⡣
㡣ֳԵúܿģݿ𽥱˸
ΪǰЩĿϡ
ſ⣬Ҷ˼˼ߡ
ǾҶҵʮŮҶ˼˼ҦмҶһλŮҶδŮ
ôȺ֮пԼģţЩ΢
ȫûзӦ˶ѹֱ֣ͦ£ڽԳԺȺȣǶôע顣
̫ע⣬²˶Ԩһְӵꡣ
ҲˣĿٴϡ
ڿʱƤ˶ǸЦûбס
ǽְɡŵӡŵӡôûأ
˵⻰ǲЩҪˣ
˵⻰ȴǿռ顣
ΪԪӤԻڵѹҲǺѵֿΪǽŵӣ飬ҲáֻһֱڳĬ˵ֻǵ˵⻰ʱͷӦص˽һۡ
ֿСſʦѳʦ£ǲ鰡ϾĿǰʦֺԾǺиģԽûжͬꡣ

飬뿪ŵķϣ㹻ˡ㲻Ҫҡ
ռֻûǸżλöֺ
ʦã뿪˴ˡ
Ϊֲܽѹǣƣ뿪ġ
ȴҡҡͷ
Уҵôопʦ֡
һ֮о϶Ҫ䵽ǹСԲСλѳʦŵĿʦ֣־ǲǵȥһʦУ
ԥ£ڿҪô
ȥƷ𣿱Ĳ˵ܴ뿪
ִӽ﷭һɫֽͲ
ǲؽӸġ˵Ǹ׳ĵӲڣǲǿæо
źɫֽͲȴ֪ô
Ԩָ֣
ȼ

ȼ˺ɫֽͲȻ͡ûȻˣ
ֻʣһЩҽ
⣿
ãȻЩҽЩϵ˲ؽ
ҲͰˣҿȷŲܣ㡭֡
ɫظ
Ҿˡ
ֵ̧ͬʱʧȥǵķˡ
һǸ׳ĲؽʿһŽһֱһʮŮ
һʢء
ʢһؾüȱϯһô˿֮еվȻ˽Ӳ

һƳ
ʱ̧ǽ⣬ʿ϶򲻹ģԨ˾Բ֣취˴
ȻԨ§뻳Լһĳ
𵴵ͬʱ鱬֮еĺڵˤͬʱռȻһߣ
һ̣ת
ֽ²ŵĵط⣬һա
ֱֵ䵽һɽֵıԵ
ԨУȫûиоֻεֱ̧֮ԨĲӣ˻Щ¡
ô£
ԨûзǱȻ°ͣһ˿Ѫɫ󷨡ռ顭׼
˴һƬɽ֣ɽֿɽıԵһɽ
һʯţʯһۡ
ص֮опռ飬һѴǲؽоֽ̧˰ʯ֮С
Ŷɾ򿪡

ռͷ֡
һӦܺǹ̸
л˵
~
ûк۸ĵ~
~
~


135 
Ŷɾ
ŶɾֻԽ𵤼µӿšܽȥ˺ܶ, Ǵ֮ĶԵŵӣ֪ǽŶɾҲû˭˼ȥ
, о
ռıǽоȲڶɾ֮УȻöɾеĶǹһ̸С
Ȼ֪ռΰŵģĪܴӽбо, ͲǺͽţǹ֮ͬˡ
οųˡ
˵ѳʦˣǾڿſռֳģ, ǶԾûо, ĸо, ռԽźûиǸ
ϾڷƷ̶, ڽٰ󷨡˼, ϶Ƿһֵġ
ڳĲٱͶûзӦռŲ˷ʱ䡣
ɾֻҪرվֻýŵȥ򿪣ͽĴ, ǾԲȥŵ˵ġ
ֻҪȥ, ܶ㿪ӶǹڡҲʱо
ƴϽоһȥ
ĿͶ֡
ԥ, ҡͷˣҺȥ
úܼ, ԨΪ϶ǽ𵤣ûʦֵĵҩ޷ѹƾ, Ԩһθȥ˵Ҷɾ, ξԲصޡ
ԨֵĹǡ
ȷ, Ŷɾǿռо׼֮, ȴô
ռַ̧һŵҩŤͷʵʦãΪǲǸ̫߳ˣ
ֵͷˡ
ϾԨΪۿҲΪǵͽʿ
Ϊߵˣô޷н׶ɾȥ
ռֱֽ̧ŵҩ֡
ѹΪġ
۾һЩ˿ռҲͬţôʦֻĵҩռҲᣬ˵ͨ
ֵݸԨȻԨŵҩȴûзá
ⵤҩá
һ㶣תһҲԡѹƵΪģҲԪӤϣ񡣵ԨΪǸ߹ģǾҪ߹Ϊֵҩȷûá
Ԩԥ£֣Ҫȥ𣿡
ʵЩԥġǽȥˣ˵õռ˵Ǹܺǹ̸еĶǲȥʵԨûʲôӰ졣
ϾЩǳġֻҪܰоǹ˵õͺˡ
ģǶǽͲؽĶԹˡ
õģռҲ뵽ԥţƬȴ˵ǲҪʯȥõˡ
նã
ȻͷԨҪ뿪Ҹʦֽȥһˣ
üɨռ飬°ͣ˵һ֡
һܡ
ǾԲ˵ģҪһɾҲԼıȥ
겻գۼ䣬ϢȻˡ
ԷϢ궼΢ı仯
ٴʱ۵Щƣ롣
ˡ
ռ´꣬Щ𾪣ܷ|
˺һһܣɲǻµʿġ
ֻռҲҶ˷ʱ䣬Ͼ򿪶ɾؽʿѾرԾس˽ȥʢء
Ҷһҧ׷˽ȥҶ˼˼ƺ뷨ͬڿռûע˽ȥ
ǰ˻֡
Ѿ˿վ꣬ԨֲԨ
Ԩ̧׽ס֡
һƬ𵤡
ȴǿֽȥˡ
ûȥ˺δԨı£֮ʱҲ޷󼰵ġ
һ˳˳ǰŶɾˡ
Ҳ֪ռǸܺǹΪ׵Ĵڵʲô
ֺԨĿڿռ֮ɾ
ΪĽúȴΪΪһȥҲܽȥֻſռôΣ˶ɾһڽŵĵ˽ȥ
ȥΨһĵӣȻʢء
ɾıͣеˣеĻĻңͼͽúͽ
Ȼһ̣ļ쳹ɽͷ
һֶû
Ѿ䵽Ŷɾ֮ˡ
˴͵Ҷɾвͬ
صͬʱ־ŵеһ
ʯᾣյҵһٲˮӵǿգǱʲôֵĵطʧ
һռӽо˿ѵĻҳ໹Ǹ׳Ĳؽʿ
ˣǲؽʿƺҪ˵Ǵ˵ؽʿ٣ǾηʯģֱҪծֻоԼԶЩ
䲻֪ʿô뵽ȥƷ彫оǲò˵ĸպáоˣֻ¿ռδػɾ
ʦ
ռȥӰӰ´µɽָȥ
֪һر÷ӣ
⻰ʵĶˣԼرʲô֪ô֪ŵرҡͷҡʮָɴࡣ
÷ӡԨ˼̧˾䣬źǼǰһ
ֻ˵ԨЩģһʱҲȷ÷ӵľô
ʢڲøӵ߿ռ飬شʦ˵÷ӣʦʦصܻǡ˵ܴ۸˼鷨
۸˼䣿ʲôȫһôܳΪŵر
Ȼкֻ֣ڳʢؽ͵һǵһ
Ҷ˼˼Ҳһ˿⶯ĿͬͶ򶫱ߵǴɽ͡
÷ӡ
ⶫ֪ͺãҲ²⣬ǹҪġռ˵˵ĺû˵ס
ܴ򿪽ŶɾΪ˵ֿǹ⽫оŵ˴ǺǹġȻˣڳ˾ûжٺµġ
ģҲԸѡġǽƴһɶġʿһδ֪Ŀܡ
ֻڿռǰ˻Ρ
ʯ
ûеҪĿġ
ʯõʯһ¯
ռЦЦԶ
ʯܼ򵥣˴Ҳ˼壬ǸС
˵䣬ԶȷеƮŮ
ΪߣǸոģʮȴһ洿ʡʱǴƣƺ±֣־ֱſռ
ǰ
巢˺ܶ࣬ЩµģŵػһȦڳֻҶ¶񣬳֮⣬û˶ʲôͬĿ
ãʯ
ȴ𰸡
Һã嶼֪ռʦǰҲһֱpanpanҪʯǵõռıӻڶɾ֮˲ʯռ鿪˿ڣȻǽʯȫ˿ռ顣
ռһͷͶ۾
ûãȳȥҸãȥʦš
ˬͷǾ鷳ʦˡ
ʢһ˺üĿʦ֡ûдֹܿռ麰ʦ֣ǾͲǽŵı֡ռڽŵݣһĶģʢصʦ˵Ʒʦռ飬ǵѳʦţͶŵġ
ֻͶֻ֣ҪЩ⡣
ռ̧׼·ʢ̾˿ὣ˿ռǰ
ճϡ÷ǽرǽŵӣˡѴ
ռŷԭȺﻹһʢء
˭ܴű£ҸһƷ
ռ黰䣬ֵС𴸺նͬʱؽҶ˼˼һὣȫʢӿȥ
ָȥȣȴԨһ
ЦɵɵҪƷҪǡ
Ǳסţȥ÷ӡ
һ㶣Ԩȷôġʢ֧穣ȺŹû˷ĹǣԨѾһɳԶ
ȥ÷Ҳûð
ǹ̸еġ
˭˵ûã
Щİֵϣȡ
ԨǶ˵˵ˣ۸ļأ
һ㶡
۸ҵļ䣿۸ĳɡʲô
һĵС꣬ʲôô۸ĵģ
Ԩֻ̧ۣЩƣȴЩ׷ƫִ
۸ĳɣ㰮
ֱµ۽޲˲
л˵

칤Щ࣬Ӱɶѹֿռ䡣ֻܾˡ
첹Ŀ~


136 
˴ķûи, ؿŴͷҲ·
֪Ԩ˵Ц, ġţ̲סԨ˵ֻǲôġ
һǰȺʯɽ͡
˴ɽŴһʯպõסɽ·
ʯͷ, ƺʵĵģԾͼСһھʯϡ
һѣʯѿ, ȴǴӾʯ֮һֻ޴ޱȵЫӡ
ЫжЫβ, ׼֡
̲סһ
Ĳ˵, һСɽƵɫЫ, ЩŲӦˡ
̫ϲӲǵĶ, Ыӣ֩롣
ƫЫӵסҪȥ·ֻֿܶ·ˡ
С, Ǿ޴ĶЫǯӳٶ, һԨӯԾ, ͬʱСַɳ, Ыͷ
ȻЫǯӸ߸߾ǯӵסС𴸣ЩС𴸼, ҿַӦ̽С𣬲ȻЫӶСȥ
һ
С𴸶ԶЫûá
СԸ˺ħ, ǶԸ޲С
ԨȫȻս, , Ҳ˳ڿУǶЫѾβͶԨ˹˵Ųٿˮ
ּСûãЩţקԨ¼˵ͬʱ뵽ʲô̲סʵڳ༫ϮĲ𣿡
Ԩ϶𰸣ǡ
༫µľֵУһֱ޵ġޣܱСҵǲǾֻħˣ
Ȼʱȥϸϸ˼ħ޵ʱԨһǲٿˮ
ˮáһβٿˮʦȥʱôһΡ
Ŀ
ΧˮԴֻѸȻһˮ
ˮ͵˲䣬ʵһٲˮɺӴӿʣ˳ֵˮǾЫϮȥ
飬˷ܵضƵˮ١һôˮ١ںһΣ·
ֻˮϮʱǾЫȴ𶾴β⣬߾˫ǯ˫ǯˮײʱȻֱӻǾЫˢЫĴ֮С
ˮ֮ƽȻǾЫ˿ûܵ˺Ϊˮټŭ˾ЫӾЫβĺӰԨϮ
ǿǲ֪ϸЫӶһ룬ɲġ
̳һǽ
ˮûã
ַ˵
ԨһС˵ˮЫڵѪҺ
ѪҺ
ٿضԷѪҺ
Ԩֲ֪ΪᣬҪ
Ԩ̧һƬҶվڷҳϣЫӵĶ뷽򲻶϶ͬʱָ֣ʶȥ֮Է
ޣֱ壬ֶԷ
ֲŷҶȶ֮УѧԨ̸ģͷʶ
׼ѲЫ֮
ڵʯ֮䣬Ѹ޶Ыʶٿ̶һԨ̸֮˶ЫڵѪҺ
һ̣޴ĶЫӲڵϡ˫ǯһǾ޴ЫβĶ룬ֱӴЫβ䡣
ֶ˵̸ȥѧ֪ܹܼ֮ʱóûȰѶЫʰ˲С
Ԩָ£һɱڶЫϡ
һ̣ŶЫλʲôʣֻһʯӡ
ֳһ飬ƽһʶȥϮޡֻҪ̶һ˲
Ԩģȫ˲ʶɱԷġᣬҲΪҲûдﵽǸȣֻ˶Σʹ֮Բ䡣
ڵоŪⶾЫ
žʯıѣЫ¶ǰɽ·
ֵŴ˴вֵޣȫ̶ǽţһŽһǣԨ
ԨԴɾͷ·ʧȥеȫ̶Ǹߡ
ǣǣţȫ̰ԼֵһιҼĶ͸šҲֻ֣Ҫʱ΢ָһ
ֻͦϰʽġ
ɽŵɽ壬һ·ϻһЩֵֹޡʵ˵µģһ·Ҳоա
ֱִɽһ
Ԩͣ˽Ų´Ŵ˴°͡
ڴˡ
˵ĸ÷ˡ
ڶҲܸо⣬ƺʲôĶС
˴Ķнƣ˼ӣ˴˴ơȻ򿪶µɽڲɽֻ˵ɾڲ
ּվȣȫԨ§סԨɫҲ΢΢һ䡣
˳ɽ¿ȥŶɾ·һŨˡ
ħɢ
ֻӴħһε֣ͨϢֱɾڳħ塣
ǵصħϢ΢΢ü
Ԩǡħ𣿡
Ԩס

ڷƷڣڶɾڵħϢҪ߹Щڵġ
ڰ֮еĺɫУ۳һȦ
ɫĹȦ³һȹķŮӡ
Ů˦һӣӿս䣬ֱɽ崦
ֲһ֮ң
Ůգ촽Ѫ䣬ָ׳⣬רģ滹Ϳ˺ɫĻ֭ͬȾѪһ
һɺɫ棬Ͷ֮䣬һΣոС
ֿ߽ûס˰벽պ˵Ԩֵֵ̧࣬ĺ󱳣Цţʲô
Ҳ֪ԼʲôֻŮôſЩ롣
ӴС͸ǳ༫Ǹ˰ɡ
ŮŴЦţЦ˲ͬЦжһ⡣
༫ĺ
ֿкܾû˵ˣ㶡
룬ôƺ˭
ȥ˳༫ûбˣŮӿ϶ǳ༫ˣûмġ
˭
־ض
ҽ˿񣬲㲻Ҫ֪˭ԺҲûĻᡣ
˿Ц٬СҪǲ˵ܱסһ˭ء
õֻСĻûȥܵõʹ͡
Ҿˡ
˵䣬ȹŮ̧ӣֻ
ͬʱرɫɫŨųڸסߡ
˿˵Ĺˡ߲ƣûа⡣Ȼ֪е˭ΪʲôҪ֪ǰǵзѡ
ȻǵУǾսס
С룬СС
ͬʱԨ
ôħ壿
Ԩ˺֮бֱ۵°͡
ܼ򵥡
СӾԡ
۾һˣСȻ򲻶ޣܴħ
˵ȥһСӺݺݳħŮȥ
˿Ϊָǲ̶ֻû뵽Ȼȹбһ˦ȴСıӣֱڻϵһء
ɫħϢ¶
˿һ㶣ıӿ˺һ̧еС𴸡
Ϣ
㾿ǡʲôˣ
л˵
~
ϼӸ~
һͯڿ~ףС쿪~


137 
Ϣ
ֶԼС𴸡
֮ǰʦֻʦԼᵽʲô, ҲˣС𴸶ԸħʱȷǱκεĶҪ, ħҲС𴸷ӳĴڡ
־ضħŮ˿
˵⻰ʲô˼
ҵȻǺˣǻ˶Բԣ͵͵ܹħ塣
˿ȫ˼, ߬űӺ
ֻǴֵ񣬶һЩ⡣
Ƚ˿Ԩ΢΢㶣뵽ʲô, ֵ̧Ŵ˳˼
СϢ, ȷһԿǵĵ㡣Ҳھŵʱ̫, ʲô
ֵǺС𴸵ı֡ڴħ巽, С𴸵ȷ͵ĺñ
ĺܺ, ֻҪ˿ٴγϮС𴸰˴һ̲ˮȻ˿ڷС̺Ϣ, ھشֵͬʱ, ̧һ, ȴһźƮ, ں֮Уתʧˡ
ȷ˴Ѿû˿ĴڣϾħϢԶȥ, µϢԽԽ
һ㶣ŵԨǸħôˣ
ΪҪݺݴһءô˵ˣߵôɴ, ȫϡ
ħ¡ĺԡ
ԨǾ֡˿û뿪, ħŮ뿪, ֻ½ˣͲôöԸˡ
Ҳʩѹ赭д˵޷޹أȥ÷Ӿߡ
ԥ£õ÷ӣҲȨϾЩ˳˿ռо⣬ʵ죬ŵù޼
ĽѾƳδ򿪶׾١
˴֪Ǻʱġ߽ȥ͸оһӺ󱳴͸
ǰһձڵʯһƹȥ˴ѾӲݴұ͸ɽˮʯ̵أȻȴǽӡ
ʯ֮еĽӡۡ
Ľӡʲôࡣ
Щӡ߲Զһ»ǽ
ɽĶɽͱڣ˴ȴɽӳ𣬻ܣýǰ·ȫ赲
־ֵĵطƬǽɽڵĽϣȻӲݺ谭
ֽ¶˶٣Ҫֻ̧ˮԨ߬ס
һõӡ
ԨƴߵǰɨƬǽֵγɻþڻþ£вͻ
̷Ӧ
˼ǣ
ⲻǻʲôԼȥ̽Ԩ˹˵£ֻȥԡ
ǿеס
ǵģԨ󡣵ҲȫԨ
ѾˣµĻþһѾȥơ
ǰĻ𺣲Ż档һܸоһա
ȻĻþ㲻֪£ɻ˺
ԨѵҪ̫Сƻþ
ֽص˵ͷ
á
߽˶ܸоյ̣˵ǻþĻƭȥ
ʵͲͨɡ
룬ǻһŷȥ
һ̣Ʒ·õ˷˲ӿ
ԭֻһ»ǽ˿Ѿγɻ𺣣ڳվλòӡ
һ֪ǼٵģҲЩ£˺˼
ȻԨվԭλûãһˣֱ˵ĻС
ԨǺϾ̧§֣һЦţ
Ȼֻôһ֣ûж˵ʲôԼ³δ֮ԡЩΣ˳
ԡ
ܸˮأ
˸ˮɽӿˮУֻǻδ𣬷ԽԽ󣬱ոյķ磬·õ˸˳ŵϵӲݲϳһ·
ֻǵֿסԻһЩη壬ûסԼ˸߬Ԩշ
ֻǻǽǵأôܶġ
ԥ˰죬һ׷ȥ׻еĸòԼɣ
̲סԨ
ԨҲǴоΣգУֻͷʱЦ˾䣺Ҫҳ𣿡
ֹҡͷ
Ҫ
Ҳ˵С¶ҪԨ֣Ҳ̫ˡԨˣ˿̻һƿģҲ˷Ԩ
룬зӵġ
ǻӵص֮жǡ
ұٴתʱȻһ㶡
ֶ̧Լġ
ʪģġ
۾һ
һֲ̣ڶվԭ˹һŻڻƳͬʱ̧ӳ
ǻǽײͬʱ
ˮһˡ
ʱֵǰȥ
ֻʣùһŻ
ʧȥ˻ǽֿø˴ʯıڶɽˮˮεΡ
ҲǾգЩˮ˲٣ֻôһЩʸұϡ
۾أ̻ͷԨ
Ԩؿ

ˣҪʲôҲҪԼȥ˼
СѾ֮ǰǽȻͬˡ
ǿһֱ߹ÿһн
ҧŴûס¶һõЦ
Цü䡣
еССĵ⣬еСС㡣
Ҳɡ
ɨԨֻԨ£ЩȻƿˡ
е̫˷ˣֻһ׮С¡
̧ȷ硣
߰ɡ
װ⣬ֻ֪Լ·Ѿ顣
ԨֻСĽŲͺá
ȻǰµļƣǺܿҵڲһá
վߵͷ
ûһڶɽ֮Уһ
ϸСǳ˵һҲС
ֻһĴֵָɣϡڣҶӺСȻ궼ҪСһȦ
Ⱛ֮Уһźɫݮ
͸ǿռе÷˰ɣ
־ȥժ
ָֻҶ͵һѸ֡
Ԩһ࿴У׽ס
ôˣ
ͷָ⡣
ֻ㶵ضС
жҧһڡ
Ҳ˵ʲôǳӣ
ôСһôСҶﶼصг
Щָ֣ԽԽ顣
òҧĳжɣ
ֽصͷ
ȴԼָԨţָһֱڰָ
ˡ
֣ˡ
Ԩջ֣˼ضС
ֻ÷ʲôǶ˵δ˽
ոֲҲǱҧˣҲǡ÷ӵų⡣
ȥ
ֲͬǣ˳÷ӡ
ͬǣҲһ
һ̣Ų
ֲԣæץ뿪÷ӣԨƺʧȥֱײײˤڵء
Ԩ
һԨضôˣ
Ԩҧüͷ
˺һǿ³һ
ӵضǿ÷ӡ
ұȿһΡ뿴ļ䡣
һ㶡
뿴ļ䡭ǡ
ԥ£ûʡ뿴ļˣǺܾǰľ°ɡ
ҿʦ
Ԩȴ·ӰЦЦ
˵÷ǲܲٿģ
û˼ԨܿͲһ䡣
˵ƣмΣղС
ҵļˡ
л˵
~
~


138 
Ӽˡʲô˼
Щľ, ǿԨֻЩƣ룬ǻбʲôʣû̫ġ
ԨҲȷûʲô⡣ں÷ӽӴʱ, ÷ӿ˹ȥͼһûֵĹȥ
ʮִǳԨҲܿ˦ּ
ּ󵽵ǵ䲻졣СѾΣˡ
ֿ۵׵һ˿ɱ, ԥ£̧ǰ˻Ρ
ʦ˵õġ
ԨŴƿߡ
ˣ˿̾Ҫȥ
ֺֻԨ˶ȥժ÷ӣ޷ɹժ, Ҳ֪Ϊʲô
ڿҪô÷ӴȥҵռҪôǹס
Ϲһ, ٴȥֻ̽÷ǵֲ, ƭ
˺ü, ֶǿСǰ, һ취
Ҫɡ
ֻͷԨ
ȻժԾһߡ
ԨԴû壬ּɵġ
ֵĽС, ֱӽ˳Сĸ˺ܴһӳ
С֦Ȼ, ܼ, ǵֻаƴС, ֡ûκ࿹֮رִӵ˳
ҲȥˣֱһŽнһˣԼĽС
϶, ġ
һȪˮбģȴԨһˮˮϴ֡
ϴ, һ
һһ˰ɡܺǹ̸ʱˡ
õ÷, Ҳڴ˶ය, Ԩܿ뿪ɽ塣
ڶɾڴΪռĺȻڵµһսֱħʱֹͣ
˿ڳ˷ֳĸӪ
ʲôоȻǸڿռŮϾˣ޷Уֻڲǿռ˴ѣŻ֡
ʢ˵һˣȻҶվࡣ
Ҷ˼˼һˣŽΧһжûжеħϢĸȤ
ؽؽ˴λս˭ûֵôҲźܴӿռжһ鼫ƷķǵħϢĳ˸Ϊ裬ա
ͬҲɫıɽȥ
ֺԨһĵط
Ҳ÷ڵĵط
жЩ÷ӵĴֵеҲˣħУ˴ΰһ˲˵˵ȥ˰ѱ
һʱ˶һۣ֪˿̴ڴ˴ûκãԼͬѡ񳯶ȥ
ֺԨµɽʱ׼ɽ
ռŲҴһ۾ͿɽµľЫ
Ыһء
ռԥ£ϵĶЫ롣
ֿЩϤ˺һȻ뵽ⲻԼʦ㾭ֻҪǺͶմߵģҪװ˴ȥ
ҲϽȥЫ롣
ŵӶһۣ׷׶Է⡣
ֻ˵ʦͬţڼԼѾڹˡ
λѡ
Ҷ˼˼ֱ˵ʿħ壿
ּ˶Ы룬ЩʦպãҶ˼˼
⻹һκλҶҵʮŮ˵ءô˵֪һ־ᶨˡ
ˣȻˡ
˵ü򵥡мԹԼС𴸡
ϾħŮĻС𴸵Ϣƺ̫ͨĶ
СڳѾѧ΢һˡ
Ҷ˼˼ס
ؽǸ׳ֱ˿̲л˵
ѣҰȥƷСץ㣬㲻һҪ󣿡
ֿооһɫĵӷһʮĵꡣռȽʱЩ
ҲΪִϢĸйذɡ
㡣ףֱӵ˲ؽһǷծ
ϾʱȼǸɫֽͲĿҲҪòؽӰоֻ˵ؽһµˣʡ˲ʱ䡣
׳ʿ˿ʯǷծˡ
ٺò
ϾؽʲôȱȱǮ
ʦá
ռҲ˷ʱ䣬ֱ룺÷õ𣿡
ףԼСңõˡ
ʢصĿҲ䵽ϣ󻬵ϡ
֮ǰδ⣬Ƿֽɾ꣬ƺʱЩࡣʲôһʱ˵һΥ͸С
˿ƺߣ̧һۣۺһ˿档
ʢջߡ
ʢʦ֣Ҷ翿ʢأ˵Ǹ塣ҪҪץ˸
ҶǹЩϵġ˵ģŮǹģֻҪģȻûġ
ĺܺãʢֻǵƳһۣƿߡ
û˵û˵ʲôһ
ֻҶ˵СڳҲûġ
ˣ۶Ҷ硣˵ʵͺܲϲҶˣֲֹ˵˵⡣һ㲻Աе⣬Ƕеˣ׾ֱܷ
Ҷĵ⣬Ҳܲϲ
û뵽һ˵ľȻҶ˼˼
壿˵ǲ˵ǹ壬Ҳǹˣ
Ҷ˼˼ҶЩѹȸеġ
Ҷ粻֪ΪΣЩƿߡ
ʮ˵Цˡ˵壬Ȼ֤ݵġ
Ҷʦáʢֱ˿̲˵ֵ廹壬ⶼ๵ġ
οҽǹЩǣѵ֪𣿻˵ȥʵĿģѵ͸ǹ⣿
ʢغ˵ôĻ˵ţҶɫ΢ס
Ψһָʢˡվڶ棬ĹԮ
˵ˡҶʢصĿǴˣʢȻǽŵӣǽΪвݣǲģȻˣ˳Ż˵
Ҷ絹죺ұϰˣæаЩʢʦֲҪ֡
ֵעһֱҶϡЩ֡ҦģҶ籾ҶŵŮ緢Ҹ߸ϵģôʶҶ磬Զһ΢ĸо
ʢǰֺмϵĹǣȫһ֮ŮΪ
ԱЦһЦü䲻мҶϣǿʲôЦϡ
Ҷ˼˼
Ҷҵڶλ˵Ů
ճϡҶ˼˼ֱӶԿռ鱧˱ȭŵ֡˲õһЩԵֻħȻϮ¶ȥûʲôô˵Ҫħ˳ͻ
ճϴ򿪶ɾҶĳһ
ҲϽ˵ʦ֣÷õˣǿˡ
ŶɾǳرĴڣȻ˴ĶڴˣһȷµΣ棬ʮԼʲô
ռȻ
õ÷ӣȷ͸뿪˴ˡ
ռܴ򿪴˴ɾΪһοĶɾʯһֱ
˶еħϢȻ֪ΪħȻȥڴ˴пҪħ档ڳļ˶ԼͬС˼ỹһ˵ǰʵκΪûео
÷ȻֵУǿռŵùģֱó˶ɾʯ
Ȼɾʯ˶ɾţɾȴûзκα仯
Ųδ򿪡
һֶ֡ѵ˵ɾʯ򲻿ҪȥҶɾ
Щɻ󣬲ɵûͷԨ
Ԩȴǲ̧Զɽ塣
Ǹոȡ÷ӵɽ塣
ɽ崦Ѿ˱һӰ
ۡ
ԨקקԨӣСʣɾʯ򲻿ĻǲҪȥˣ
˸ڽ棬ǶڣǺԼʦ㵱һ˶ɾڣ
ɲð죬ˣϤҲһҦˡָҦȥնˣָûһ
ռɫ΢΢˱䡣
߬Ŷɾʯָһ˶ɾ
Ԩקקͷ֣⣬һЦҪȥˡ
붺һ֣ҵı⣬ȥץ
̧꣡סԨ죬װͰ͵һۣȥ
ȥץڵˡʱһû˵С꣬ߵ֮϶ƤһѪˡ
Ԩˣôȥץˣ
ԲС
뵽Ԩıȷ⣬ЩģضԨ㲻ȥ𣿡
Ԩסˡ
ſԶһСȥץҲ޷жĵǣţ޷ȥô
ܡ
ҲΪ꣬ҲпΪ
۵һĨԼ顣
㹻ˡ
Ԩֵ̧󣬲δ֣ġЦáȥġ
һȣΪڵҪջ֣ȻԨץ󣬸ûиջֵĻᡣòģԨһĨȡ
ߵС˿ˣҲûп
˵ģҶ硣
ҶʮֳԾضֺĻ
֪꣬ϸܺôǣƱֵɡ
Ҷ۵ȼ⡣
༫ǻ֪ɡǡϢ͸¶༫λ˻᲻Ϊŭֱɱ
֪༫λʮꡣ
ȻȻͱˡ
ҶһһӰ
ϢһĻȫȻ¼Ӱڡ
ΪҶ˹ϵ졣⵽ΪҶ˼˼ɨһʱǿӰ顣
ռʢػΪɾŵµǡ
ʢŴ˿Ҳòȷһ¡ҪϾɱġճϣҲ
Ϊ˵֪ǹĹϵ
˵ףΪʮɱǹܹվǰĴڡ
ǹǣģú³
ټĽţܰԼŮȥǹ⣬˲롣
ɾŴ򲻿ҪСǴ˿ħ塭
ʦ֣ħ塣
ؽۣܲĺɫƺŨ˵ͬš
ؽʿˣ̾˿
úǧУɢˡ
ֳԨ̧ʱϽԼ֣Щ֪ؽֱ
Щ졣֮֡ǰԨס
һ㶣ϽҡԼԴԼԴҡˡ
ǿԼעա
֮ǰһĺܲǺͷƷ嵱ʱһ֮гһɫĹȦ
ӺɫŹȦ֮У³һɫӰ
ħ𣿡
ȴƽ
ԨջߣϣһСŤۺЦ⡣
ǣħ塣
ȷԨ˵ЩһɫӰأһһźµŮŮ
ɫħϢ
˵𣿡
λ˵ˣֻҪץֻ
һϢĺ
ħغ̸ţ̸Ц䣬Ŀⶼֵϡ
һĶǲ⣬иֵߡ֮ǳġ
ŲСĵ㣬ѧ˿񡣡
˿ʲô
Ҫ׽𣿡
׽ɣһֻ
ħĿ˵ش̸
ڳ˶ˣЩħǳġΪ÷ӡ
һʱ䣬˿ֵ߶Щ֡
ռһüħг𣿡
һãȻûа
֮ǰûмħ塣˵ӴģҲһʱǰ˱ӵǸ˿
Щħ˵Ƕ˽һڱͨЩڶһ
֡
Ԩ߳ȥ
һȺħ塣
ж˶
С
Ҷ˼˼ؽӿֵЩ΢־룬ôǵħġ
Ҷ۾һ
ǵǷǣܹ÷ӽԼȥе
⻰ü
ò˵˵ʲôġ

Ӳֱӻؾˡ
ʵЩħ嶼ǳģҲ޷Ͼ޹ءҶô˵˵Щ
СС۵룬ͲЩˣ
ʢнսȴǶ˵վֵǰ
ֵѡ
ʢؾضЩħ壬ȻҲ֪ħкǣҼΪͬ飬ұضᶪ㡣
ΪоΪˣʢغҲйͬĿĵͬ顣
Ǵ˾ٵǳֵϡϾʢصĹϵֻ˵˵
û뵽ʱ֪ħǳ֮ʢػվǰ
Щжġ
Ѱɡ뿪˶ɾҪʢԼѷ롣
ԨֱˣЩˡɴ˿δ¶ʲô
ʢذվǰȥ
Ԩֵָ֣
Сʦ㡣
༫ʮֺ߳ĵض˵ҪŶ
һ㶣ȻһθСθ֮⣬һ΢ġ㡣
ü۶ȾЦ⣬Ԩصͷ
ţһᱣġ
Ԩ˿ҲԨʱ
ǰʢؽЩòˡ̲ûлͷ
ֵѵɡĹԡ
ЩħɲʢطУЦЦ̧֮䣬ɫħϢһУܲ͸سϮ
ʢǰֵ̧
Ѿֻ̧һŷӳ
ֽħϢһ˲䱬ѿǡ
ͬʱѾɿӡٴӳڶŷڶŷɳʱǻУһոħϢʱģħȥ
Ϊ׵ħ̧־Щǡ
ס
Ϊ׵ħĿϣЦô

ħ˵
Ҳ֪Լʵȷǿǲò˵˵Щļˡ
ĬͳС𴸡
Ԩ۵ȼĻ档
أһһķ
ռ
˽ơԼԡ
ֽӹڡѾ֪ȥ÷ע˲仯һ޴ġڡ
ͬǣÿһһöо
̧׼ӳԥ£˻׷
һ̣׷Ϸڣշ𣬷ת
ֵٿ£׷ʮغݺݻħվŵλá
ӵһŨ̡
±׵һ޴ĺɫӡ
ʱħ屻׻Уһͷ׻顣
ħ˿ûָͬ꣬˹Ц
һ㶣Ļ׷з£ȻҲ˲Щħ
ԭġ
ħ壬ǳ׺
֣ں֮бЩŤ
ħ˵Ҫץġҿһˡ
Ҫ㡭ʬΣ
л˵
~
Υĳ~
~


139 
ֲ¶ԷӺݻ, ֻԼǿõ
סʹùڷһι, ֪һķֹܹ
׷ͱǵ
Ȼ
Ϸٻͬʱ˼һ¡
ô౶˺Ļ׷Ȼħɲʲô˺ȻֻħܵһЩˡ
ʵĲ࣬Щԡ
ԵĲҲ
еķһһӳڷЧӳ, һ˾ȻҲܺЩħսƽ
ǵصħ֯һŭǽѧķһ쾡µչ˳
ħȷǿһֺ֮ǰӴʿ, Ȼͬսģʽ
ǵλӰ˵ּ, Ҳ޺۵ġ
˲ԶֱӳıǼ, ָ׵ֳĺϮ
ʱ̶߾, ŷԲħ忿벽, ˣЩħĺȻҲֺüηӦЩͻᱻˡ
Һһս
Ԩվúܽ, δ, ǻѡ
ħ廹δ, ԨͿʼֱ, 
ˣռĽװķһһ˹սɣķǡ
һܸ, ֱӵɱ÷Ϊһűը˺Ĵڡ
ַһ
ռʦ, ʲôȱǲȱ, ҪǮƵĸӡ
䶷ɵķ, ĶǷġϵַ߰˲㡣
Щħ´߰˲ϡ
ỹʢһ
Ȼʮħ壬£Ȼ֮һսġ
Ƚ֣ЩħЩͷˡ
Ϊץһֵû뵽ΪףôȻʲôжǱǴɢ˺ҲǿСġ
һʱȻסˡ
ʮħ壬ȻһŮǣס˵ȥҪЦġ
˵ħѹסŭ𣬴һڵĺɢ˱󼸷֣ͬʱ忪ʼһֵҺ塣
ڵϣ֮Ϊ
ħֱһԾϮ
Ԩ۽ӯˡ
Сħϡ
ﻹһСǿռոӸģʦֳɤӺǸܱ˺ġ
ֱӽСԨϡڳóԼС𴸡
ã
Ȼ֪ʲôħϣħīǸħ
СֱӽħﴸܣζԸħ壬ӦҲ˵ġ
ȻڶܵͬʱСݵشħֱϡ
ħֱ۶ʱð̣ҵλѪģȻճһӡ
ȻЧ
۾һ
ȻħȴǰֲܲãӿħϢħֱӳϮ
ϵķ
Ǻ߰˲ķУǽȥħĺ󾱡
ǰħЩ޵һĴˡ޵֮ں󾱡ħɲǺ󾱡
ִ˵оδץħħûͷųħϣֱӽذ֮С
һ㶣Լǰʱ뵽ԨģֻǷӦһħϻǽ֡
ħ֮УȻ˱һУǰһƬڰ
ֻܲԨץ֣ŷɳһء
ˣ
Ԩʵ
ֻŻŵصͷ
ˣ
⻹һʲôǳħսʱʲô˵ʧˣ
ħϢΧħЦ˷
ôħϾȻ㲻
ǻûг̺ɡ
棬ޱ
ɱɣǧС
Ƥ
ֵĽһ仰ʱȻʧˡ
ҧ´н߬С𴸡
Ѿǵڳ༫ʲô֣Ϊħ࿹ȴҪ˵ҪƤ
֡
ϡԨǺԶЩͳ
𣿡
ֳַôһԨ
ǱȻġΣԨȫȻŵĴڡ
ֻܵͷ
Ԩļͷһġ
ãǽ͡ҵġ
࣬⣬ĳ߸ߴ
ֿȴԨ
Ķ
תŰɵľ룬̧С𴸣ƾԼĹ²ĳ߸ߵλã
һ̣ħҽ
ˣ
ԨҲô˻Ὣռķ׵Сϡ
˵֮ǰСֻħѪģһεС𴸴ȥ֮ʹ
ħֶħˣܿǣر󷽣ֱӾͳϮȴ뱾ħ֮еĺŮȻĻ
ֱ۾
ҲӰԼ顣ۣôֻԨ
Ԩǰȫġ
Ԩʼ𣬳ȣ˷ĵģҲǸĹϡ
ֽԼȫԨҪĿֻҪԨȥ
С𴸻ȥȻܽһħ˵׹ɭɭ
С𴸣վһźɫħϢ֮УûаȫеģƫƫаȫеġİȫԴԨ
˼ħϵʱҲ쵽ˣΧħɢȥֱҲܸоƤһ
֪Ǵħ֮˳
۸ʲôܿġ
ֲδۡɱۣϸԨһ
ܲ׽еռŻоһ̽ͷ̽ԵؼٺԶҶ˼˼ĵҶƽĺвؽӵ߶߶׼ȥʲôܱ
Щ֮⣬ǾģԨĺƽȣţ侲
Цһ
Ըۣ
ѾֵħʧȻħʧˣȴۡ
Ϊɵúܺá
ֲδ˵°͡
ԨӽǣֵС°Ļȣ·ڻشΡ
Ԩܺã˵ܴó
߲֮ңҲһֱ۵ľ롣
˲ʱȥ
ħֻֻܲ˺
ǸСڲŵϢھʵЩ󣬾Ƕʮħ壬Ҳ޷֮࿹
Ҫץôɵ顣
ˣСδʲôˣһһķΧתǺֻӹࡣȡ֮֮ߡ
ħǻδ˱һŪýֳֺôûеõʵѾʧˡ
ԥ죬˴˶һۡ
ӣСҪʵħֲС
кܲʱһɫӰһźյĺɫȦ֮С
ֻһħõһɺɢȥ
ƾɢ
ֵ˺ܾãֻܲеħϢڵȥ߬С𴸣ȴ˵ٴѡ
صȺšֻҪԨڣͲħ׾ٿ
ȻƬ̣ȴֻϵһǡ
Ĵ֯ͬʱԨЦ
ҳ֮Σʵ̲ס
ȫȻС꣬۶°ͣȴĶ
Ԩ̸СһǾǾҲȫȻŵġ
ԣֱ׳ظԼҺɣĴ
̶̵һǺܿӽ
ûзӦ˺һų㶵̧֣Լ´˺һۡ
ǰԨЦһ˫
ܺãۣüҪ𣿡
գۣεƿߡ
ˡ
ʲôٴ
Ĺӡ
÷˵Ԩ
ײܰȻ˵ֻʱּװת˻⣬Щħ塣
ʵ￴ħʱѾЩħ嶼뿪ˡ
Ҫһ⣬ԨҲף˳ش
ħ岻ôȥеСʵħηòݱܷâȳˡ
ûС𴸣͸ûܶԿħʵ
ᷢʲô˵
Ԩ뵽һ㣬֡
СҪպá
ֻعĬĬͷ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôֻСܴħ屧ͷܣħˡ
Ҫõġ
ħɢȥоܹضֿ
ֽ㣬㻹𣿡
о˵ǰʵϲδУֻ˵һͨķ˺ӡʲôֻܿһСӶԿٵħ塣
Ȼжֵĵģ۵ǾԵĳݡ
ֽ㣬
۾ܰħܣʵо²ֵ֪ΪҲϿʵ
ŴЩҲЩЦЦ
ʵˡȫԨܶɹħ֮СǱˣС껹Ǻܸ˵ġ
ĿԨųĵȷݿ佱õ֮
ԨοֵС˼һתȴ٬سü
Сʦ㣬Ŷ
оĿֱ׳ܣԨô˵˵Щ죬ΪڵƿߣֱŴȥǵһĨǳЦ
˴һսѾһƬǽ塣
ϵǽӣݵرյңбСֺ֣ħĶԿУѾȥֻд׳߰㵹һء
ռſڵķħķкܶ࣬رڼּҵȥк
޲á
ַӦҲȥЩк
лʦ֡
ְЩ֣»ռ飬л
иַķɢôħ岻òʧȥ
ռ赭д˵Ǹõģлʲô
˵ĺܴҲֻԼ֪жۡһѵķǮ
ǱʦãҲõ
Ҷ翴ֵ˲졣
˵У֪ʮʱΪжٽôֱ֮䣬ֵĽֻ˵֮ǰʮҪ졣
ʵǽͽʢضԱɣ
ʢҲŵġֵϡ
֮ǰȻа󣬵ЩħĿ겻ֱȥҲﲻ̫æĿֺħսÿһ
У̨ڵʱʢ㹻Ҫ١
Ȼ˿̣ʢĻڵħ֮𣿴
ֻڶ̶̼µʱڣֵΪһķԾ
ʢ޷ȥϸ㣬ڿʲôΪ
𣿰ĺѸͳɳ
ҲֻҶ˼˼󷽷ǰֹ˹֡
λѣе˭֣
Ҷ˼˼УҲ֪ҪֿħԴɫСӡ
ȻǸӣ缸û˻ôȻǸɫĴӣߵҡִۡС𴸺ԣžǿʵ
С𴸣Ȼػش𣺡Լġ
Ӳɼԭ󣬵ǧÿһעġʦĵһҲֵ
Ҷ˼˼㶣ٿʱ̽
Сܶħô˺бȻЩʲôŵġһ̹Ȼ˵Լģƾ򵥵ĽӴҶ˼˼Ϊ˵ѡ
ôֻ˵Сһֶ֪ĻԵ
ʵĽ
Ҷ˼˼Ҳֱʵµѵ𴸣֪ѿۼΣ
˶٣Ҷ˼˼һ䣺ҶһεļҪĶȫĲȥõԵѾܿۡ
Ҷһ
ʮãҶһεļҲŶԣôҿڳԵģ
Ҷ˼˼赭д˵ҶҼֻʵǿ߲ܳΪΪұȣʲô
Ҷ˵
Ҷ˼˼Ļ˵ǿ˵оԵš
ɨҶ˼˼ò˵ȽҶ磬Ҷ˼˼ĺøжȺöˡ
ʵҰĵзִˣʵϲġ
ϲϲҡҡͷ
ǸˣҶѣʦĵһҲġ
뿪༫󣬵һģĴڡ
ûϢֻһڴСӣҲκˡ
ľġ
Ҷ˼˼ȻˡȻϲ²Сţ˲Ҳǿ
Ҷ˼˼ףͻˡ
ѵ츳ߣҲʦ𣿡
ȴҡҡͷҲǡ
£ԼǽޣҲǷޣʦ
Ͼѧʱ䲻ҲԽΪĻֻɽׯдôһЩδ˺úý̹Ϊֻպ«ư㲻š
ʦ͸ˣֻԼһС𴸣֮⣬ʲôû
ôһʣֻЩãȻˡ
ǲؽǽޣŵӴҲǽޣôʲôأ
ʦãʦ
ռһն˵츳ʦһжǿ
룺һȥʦɡ
֪Լʦ޵ʲôôʦͽʦɡ
½ħ飬Ҫ뿪˴ɾ
ֻǴرյĶɾռ鶼޷򿪣ֲԨȥˣһʱ
ȻֺȻʲôͷӽзһ塣
Ļ壬˵Ҷɾ
˲л󣬻ֻһһɾ塣
ֽɾעҡҡ
һ̣ǰһʱվһƬ֮еλã˿һƬվںߡ
طҲʮֵϤ
ǶɾڵλãҲԨ˯ӡλá
㶵ضƬ
ȽԨһ㶡ôȻ任һط
Ԩ۶Ƭ
ֺȻקקӣС˵񵽵Сǡ
Ǹ·߲ȣҡҡλεС̣һ·һʱȻˣڶɾڶɹ¶ʱ䡣
ŶôԨʲôʣֻСʲôã
ֹϵػش𣺡ҡ
Сǵŵܶ࣬ϲСһֱ顣Ӳ˵С̣ص꣬ʼնֵ࣬ʲôΣ趼޷ֵֵĽŲ
СǸܴİȫС
ֺȻһ㶡
˵СְȫУˡ˿ʦҲԨ
ֱ̧Ԩ
ԨȴЦʣϲ㣬ϲ㣿
ԥ£ҡҡͷ
ܵģСǵʱԨں׵ļ̨ϱӡء
ǡĺ񰡡
СȡʦԳҲ
룬̽˵ϲСǣΪ˵ᵱҵɣһֱҡ
Ԩһ㶣һҵʱ
ˣʱΪʲôûиҴӦ
ǲ˵֣Ԩסˡ
ȵȣûдӦΪʲô˵Ӧˣ
ֵ̧ߡ
Ůڵض
л˵
~
Ƕ簲~
~


140 
ļǵ, һС̣Сֻаƴ·, ʱֻСô£ǲʶԼһ·ȥ, ׷Լβת˼Ȧ
μС̾ȻΪ˸һʱߵС̵ֻСצӶ
ʲôС, Ԩһ, 
ںСദĹ, ˵һЩԨйصĻġ
ֶһûʲô顣ܶС˵Ļ, ҲܶԨ˵ͺñ֮Ԩ, Ҳ׿˵ˡ
ֻʼնΪС̻һѣ뿪༫õһϣ
û뵽Ϊ, ƴεС, Ԩ
ǰʱ, ΣͷȻֵĿʦһ
Ԩҵټ֮ʹδ뿪
ҧ˴, һʱЩ١
С̾Ԩ
ģȴС̴뿪ɾһֱԡֱԨҪǰϹʱԨ˵Сʱܳ༫ȻδС, ֪Сǲˡ
С̵ĻԣǲǾζ֪Ԩ֮ǰ, Ѿ귽һˣ
ȻΪԨεС, ҲжѲ
˺ܶ, ̧ӲԨʱȴʲôû˵
⣬֮⣬ȻǺܺġ
ΨһأЩźģС̡
ԨĬ˺һľѳۣʮػش֣׼ſڣʵʵͷ
ˡ
༫ϴʮ
ҲҽƱ硣ô̽ʣǾˡֻҪ֪ˣҪ֪
ֵõԨϴ
ԥ˰죬ȴǴ߿һվһȥˡ
ôʧȥС̡
ܾʱԨ
ԨοС뷨˿Ҳȥսᣬֻվں̾һ
Сĳˣѧûʹթˡ
˲˿Ѿҵɾ󣬺ˮʱģ˿̰ƽ᲻ɫ
Χ˺Ȼ˵ռüͷһ壬һΧ
˵زǽŶɾҲǶɾǡһɾ
ڳȥҶɾļûСûϳ˴ǵҶɾʢضЩ죬ǰȥ
ֵѡ
˽ڶź淢֡
˴Ǻεأ뿪˽Ŷɾ𣿡
ֻعʢüͷ΢óء
뵽ݣҲЩͬ
ǹᣬȴǽŵͽ飬ԺŻ˭Ҳ֪ͽҫȻȫջˡ
֮⣬Ҳľʦʦŵɡ
˴ǡһɾ
ֱֱ˵Ҷɾתһ룬Ҷɾڵ˵ʧ֪䵽СɾѾˡ˵ǵҶɾ֪ˣҪȥСû
СΪ˳СƴԼȥɵĶɾĶԲڶΡ
˵ú
ʢزҪ֪˴ǺδֻҪֵĻشжϡ
õ𰸣Ѿˡ
ֵѣ֪ʲôʱ뿪˴
˶٣˵ʦڷ˵ȴ£ҵûȥʦߡ
ͬӵģʢ˵ġ
ˬصͷ
ģǺܿ뿪
ֻҪҶɾǴӽŶɾг˽ô뿪˽Ŷɾںδ뿪صŶɾ֮еġ
˶ɾ˵ļƻѾʧˡ
Ҳȷ˵
ϾڵĵҶɾѾֵˣҪ򿪶ɾһ֮䡣
ֲϲҶ磬һС꣬ϲԼĶɾ˵ġ
ҡе塣
ˮС
ںˮϿһ
ߡ
ؽˬ죬ؽ˵߾ߡ
ڿռ󣬻æտоҲ뿪ȥ
ҶҽȴǱ˴˶ӣжЩɵ
ֲҶҲ˵ֻҶ˼˼
ѽ
Ҷ˼˼ջغҶӵߣֹ֡
֮£лҶĳġ
˵ת뿪
Ҷٳٲߡһ𾪵ض֡
ôܣһɾ
ɾֵУôھһġ
ǳ༫͸ģ
ʣŭĶڲ
Ҳֻܽ뿪
ʢء
ʢŽ֮¶ͽ˵ʵ̫Ķˡ
۵ҲЩƣġ
ֵѣնлˡҽŰǰֹл
ֲллġοʢ˵ҲйͬĿĵˡܴﵽĿľͿˡ
ʢˣ־Ψһһദ˰ɡ
ϾӴĽˣʢؾЩġ
ЩˣǸһӡ
˶뿪ˡ
ֻʣֺԨ
ֵûˣ̧Ԩ
걳վںߣźˮ·͸ˮɲĵײֵļ̨
һ
㵱ʱôǣ
ֻûס˳
ԨڿϴˣҲ˿
׷ʱܵѹȣ޷ȫȻֳֻܷԼꡣ
ԨҲ²й̵ĺۼҵԷ˴˵Ѷţûǡ
룬ҲǡϾԨ壬ôҲġ
˵̵ʱ򣬻Сǵʱġܿɰ
ҲǽӴС̲֪Լԭϲë׵Сָмѣܺá
СʱԨڻࡣԨСʱڻࡣ
ôһ룬صһ߶ûˡ
еڡ֪СԨ͸ðǿĶβͣҪһС
ֵΪ޵Ԩͷɨ
Ԩʲôˣ̫˽֣һˡ
΢΢Ȥض֣˵ҴˣΪ˸Ǹ´䣿
顣̧
˵ġСӲ˵Ҳôúġ˵ģҲȻ䣬Ҿʹ˴ԭˡ
Ԩһǰ֣ͱ־ֵֵ̧סˡ
ָոʶΪԨҪĶˡ뵽ԼѾȫȻΣβͶܺܺõĲ䣬ԨѾ־ٶˣŷԼ̫ˡ
Ԩջ֡
ֵ뷨Ҳı⣬˳˵лֹ
뿪˵Ҷɾ
뿪
һε䵽˽Ŷɾſڡ
˴ɽƺѾѣش꣬޴š
һģҶϽòӰؽ뿪
ʢҲڣֻпռоԭصȺ
ʦá
ֺԨСһӲųռҲ⡣СʦΪСʦ꣬ϸûоŵӻеʡѰ֮
ֻǺСʦõĹϵƺЩѰζ
ʦ֡
ֻܣ̧˿ʡŴ˿̸ʱ룬֮뿪ԼѾʱˡ
ռҲ£ֱ˵СʢȥСоĵҵڳлϡ
ֵͷ
á
˶٣뵽һ⣺ǿʦأ
ˣô̿ռ顣뵽ܴرնɾҪǣԿռǺ֮ͬġ
ռЩԥ
ҵķƷˡ
ɰͰ˵Ҫһ¯ҵҪһ䡣
ԵĵطҲ֪ǣеطġѰһȥ¯ǡ
Ҳ룺ûȥԵĵطĵطң
Ϳռ۵ɴۡ
ԨһЦ
֪ﲻ㹻𣿡
һ㶡
ףô˵Ҳǣǿʦѳʦŵˣȥ
ȥˣʦܽ
־ſʦӦòӦȥŵġ
ǿռԨĻȴǱ첻ԡ
̬Ĭˣ
ţȻʦֶĬˣǾôˡ
һ˴оص˳УΪŵҲܸߵֻѰ˸ջס
ҹ
˳ҹɫ
ôһµʢأˡ
һԼԣЩǺöˡҪԼ뿪˿̵ĽţǾԲܵġ
ʢغòײŰ͵ҲΪ˿̵Ľţû˻ȥһ˵͡
оĵһ졣һµĹ֪շ̫̫飬ûܹ˼һֱš
֪ʢشӱϷˣ̲סȥ۵һ޳

۵üͷȴЦúϲ£졣
Ůû¡
Ůۺݺݿһֱо޵֧˯˹ȥ
ְæоڴϡŻ
ʢش˷һϢ
ǽŵͽӶɾ֮лȥġǽ˵бͶǹ֣֮ͽʢغͳϿռʧ١
ʢڵõϢʱ֪Ŵ˿̲ݻȥġ͵͵ԼԽŵϤǱеġ
ȥʦõһϢ
˿̵Ľ¶ǱˣǹĹҲʱϵѾڽ֮С
ǵ׽ǶĴţȫȻǹĸƷǹڽлȨһЩ顣ڽԭĳϸ߽ʿǣûȥǡ
ǰǣֻҪͳһھǰıͶǹ֮֡
ҴӲ֪Ȼ˼
ʢض̶һʱڣ̫࣬Ѿ֮ǰǰ͸һЩ
ռһ
㲻֪黹úܡ
ȴסˣ̲סʣеı͡𣿡
ʱ֮е䵽Ŷɾʱ򣬲кܶıͶһ뿪
ôᱻȫɱˣ
ʢҡҡͷ
Ҳ֪Ƶġ
˶٣ʢزһ䣺¶ǷЩ˲֪·Ҫ뿪²ô׵ġ
⻰Ҳ˵ܵЩ˿Ķ֪ܶ
ԺпܶƵȫǹ֣֮ġ
ֳĬˡ
ڿջʾãԨһסŵҦһʼЩС˼ǻȥʢصСʿǣԼǱˣ˵ҪϢ¬

Ϊһ˽Ϊǹ⣿
ֻ˵Ϊؽӣ
ֲֻ֪֪Լƺۡ
Ԩֽ߬ŵȭͷһ
ָ޼Բָ׺̣ܶȴΪ̫Ѫˡ
ԨͷøɾĲãһѪ̬Щȣ̧һۡɿȻ޴ģȴһˡ
̾˿˸ƽĵ˺ۡ
ѹ
Ҳֻô˵һ䡣
Ҳ֪ǲѹȷܲһ뵽ôΪ˵ıС
Ҷҽöţؽ˶ţֵʵͲǶ˵𣿡
УѾˡʢɫ˿е࣬ݲȥ
ڽĿУ׵ǹ⣬ǽҲǹ⣬кθϵ
֮󻹲ΪЩԩ긺жɾҡһͬܺˡ
ּʶǳ֪޷ݵļ֮ͽ
ɱ
ȻðС˼Ҳһ㶡
ɱһˣ˵һ亱̬
ǱĲ˵ǻڣôɱأ
ռĬƬ̣Ц
šɷȮߵһú;ȡ
֮ǰ˽ţǿռѳʦźȥ˽ţȴԽôĵ⣬ȷ
ҲˣҪȥʦ
ʢ
ֵѣʦ壬ǡ
˵һ룬ռ̧
ҿŵһΡ
ˣʢʦѡͽܵģ˵Ҳ԰æġ
ڶԽǳ˵ɱ⡣
ʢȻһˣֺ󣬷뿪
ڿǶය죬һߡ
˭֪ռֱİ壬̡
˭Ҳ֪ǹĴڽ֣᲻øӡ
ռ÷˯ŵо˵װһ˳ҹɫ뿪
ǰ뿪ȫǽϡ
ǹ˸
ֻʲô֪Ѿڷֱ淽׼صʦˡ
ʱԨʱ˼죬ȥʱͻ˼졣
صǣϤĵ̣˿
̫ܵྪţصԼʦ״̬ɶˡ
һ˵ִɽ崦Ʒ⣬ֺط֣ԨѾǱλ
Ȼ̧ɨһۣԨ˿̵ѾȻͬˡ
ַˣռҲɵöĿ
ֻǵѷǵУռùЩƣ˽ŵӲֿռð
ϸϸܵĺģһͷˮ
վƷҶ
ֵ˺ܾҲûеȵռÿ˵ýȥˣռ̧˵ٻһ
оһ඼ô˯ˣռ鶼û׼
ֿдоŶֵƷٿһǺĿռ飬Ĳڽʲô
Լʦֲˡ
룬Ϊѳʦ£ǻᱻʦһٰɣ
ʦƢôã᲻һء
ĺܺá
ſںţȴɽڴһѹĵͳ⡣
ҹ
ֽһ٣
ռһͨڵء
л˵
~
~


141 
һ, ˶ġ
һǹڵϰĿռ飬һǱ˵ˣһ֡
ʦߺܾ, ҲδʦƢʦƢãǶʲôνͽܶײ, ֺǺϲ̵ģͽǰʦѹǡ
ǵһΣ֪ԼʦһûƢˡƢܻܴ
ôһɤ, ŵֶضˡ
ĩ̾˿, ߡ
ռʦ, ֻรˡ
ռһҲӦ, Ǳⲻ˵ġȻܲ, Ǿʵʵȥʦ
ֻ£һպյʦûϢĶԼʦ
Ʒȥ, ˡ
ɽˮ֮, Ƶĸ߸ɽ, аɽ, С۲ݣľïԴ
˴·Ѱũ, ʮݡ
ֻǱѰũᣬõ䳡
һ߽, ֶоʦŵѹ, Ծ˿Ԩס
ټʦ, һˡ
֪ʦڵġһǰô
ǳ༫ΡҲǽõľ¸ż
ŵѰũҵü䣬ֻǱũҵü䣬Ҫ΢һЩ
ſš
żֻһߣ̧žȥ
żλʦɫ粻ֻǿʱ΢
ǻǰʦ϶Це̧Դ˵ʲôСͽˡȴһʦֻ赭дɨһۣȷԼСͽƽݣͰĿֵ
ָϽץԨһá
ͬõĻдʦިǺֱֵ̧ܵһֻ֣ק˹ȥ˵ʣȥһˣ
ʦģ
С˵
ܵ˵һл˳ġ죬õб͡
Щ
Ϊ˻˵ΪǣԼҶŮĩ̾˸񡣸л
ĩ̾ڿռʱɢ
ռرʵͨ͹ϣ˸ͷ
ʦ塣
ĩ̾ſռ鿴˺һ̧־һֱӳϮȥ
ռ鶼ûҶ㿪Ӳˡ
һ˿Ѫ
ˣռֹ̧˹лʦ̵
ɰֿɵۡ
ʦֱӾôˣռ黹Ҷ㣿
̲סԼ˴ʦʦҲҶ㣿
룬ӦҪģΪۡ
ýķǲʦͺˡ
ĩ̾ŹڵϵĿռ顣
¹꣬ƹȥˣ˭֪Ǽʼնĵף޷ĥ
ĸʦ壿Ϲ
ĩ̾ƿߡ
ռȴ֪ǻʦֶʦǾԲ̵ġ
ʴΨкƤһʦ塣ʦ塣
ި֡ʲôû˵קק֡
һ˿ռ鶼
ռ鲻Ҷʵʵԭأ취Ȱʦá
Сʦãȥλ׼ɡ
ި˸ǷɨЩˣͿЦЦ
ȥ˺о׼䡣
ԨĿͷţ΢ɨһ¾С
˵ǻţټ˼ҵţϹͣץԼŮȥ˵ˡ
ͷֺֻԨˡ
ܵԣǺܾöûмˣǣһҡͷ
һĳβģֵϢóβҲ˸߰Ļ˲֡
ֶǶˮǶˮ˳Ӳݡ
ֻЩͲ³ʦֺʦ㻹δ
޶ȴĮôԶ
Щʧ
ʲô
Ԩ°ֶ¡
ֻع
룬ҪҪ÷
ִ򿪽ң׼ȡ÷ӡ
Ϊ˵ҪǹΪ̸н׵ĴڣȴΪԳֽȫڶɾ֮Уʧȥԭá
۸ļֲôһ˵Ĳ÷ʲôϡ÷ӵԶɽڻĻݣ׼¡
СҪȥ
ԨЦֹ̧
÷Ӳܳڴ˴
Ȼ˵Ǵ۸ļֲ÷ӵƷԴ۸Ķɽκʿļ䡣
䵽˭У۸һ߽ʿļ䣬Ǹ컻
ںδ÷ӵϢ֮ˡ
Ҳˣǽ÷Ӳڶɾ֮У˶ȥ
ڻֵС
һ٣˳˼ûó÷ӡ
ҲãȹЩʱǻǹ⽻ʱ򣬻ΪƷ
ֻ˵ףǲԸġǹ̫ӣֺøжޡͶ·Ҳǹס
Ԩ÷ֵкùС
𣬶ġ⣬ֻ»ᷢһЩֲԸ顣
÷ӹȻǲôĶ
÷֮ǰȻ뽫ִļдߡ
ɶˡ
ֲٿ÷ӣǶǶȥβ
βǺ廨Ҳ֪뿪ôãʦûмֻ壿
ڴʵʵԺһʱ
ȵռó
˶ˣüۣһǰˡ
̧̫ǰһʱ
ԥƬ̣ȥʦֻȥҿռ飬˷ݡ
ռ˵ȥְŵķ䣬ͷſǶ
ֹ۲Ƭֻ̣ſǶ²鲻ò岻ʣŹ˳ȥ
Զá
˰ɣʦѵ鲻õʱǱʱȥ¶ˡ
峿
ֻʦ˵˾仰ڽŷ飬һֶû˵ء
Ȼռܺʦ˵ˡ
ʹ˸ǷȥԺеȴ
ʦϻޣʱ̶ܲʱȥɽʱȥӱߡ߶ǱС¨ȥͥԺţִʦ
ߵͥԺͿԶʦķŴ򿪣ĩ̾һŽ߳
ûмʦޡ˿̼Žʦɵõɴۡ
ʦǴ
ĩ̾ɫ˵á֮УͥԺе֣ŲһɫǺöˡ
Сͽô𣿡
ʦĿǻָǰϰߵûƢֺǺǵʦˡ
Ծӽ֮аСལ˳
˶٣ȡС𴸡
뵽һ£ֻʦܸˡ
ʦҵСϢ𣿡
һֱ⡣ִС𴸣֣֮СϢԼ֪Ϊʲô
ĩ̾ɫ΢䡣
Ϣ
ˣСͽС𴸣ȥɫɽɫһ㣬вǳǳһϢǵڶ㡣
ᵽϢʲô¡
ͿռĶԻвδἰЩ
㽫ȥŷ£Ϊʦ
ʦͽҲˣŲʦµСľԣȡ̣ʦͽ˵߳Աߺȡ
ֽ뿪ʦźȫ߸ʦ
ֻ˺ԨйصһС
ʦȻ֪Ԩݣ֪ˣǹԨĿ֮֮ǲ֪ġ
ҪΪԨЩ˵˵׮׮йءЩȻһڳݿڡ
Щ췢˺ܶ¡
ǹϽţͽŷ˳ͻǰףĸŵĵȫΪˣǹսˡκûбŵĵӡ
ϯʢأϿռ鶼ʧˡ
䵽УŲνҡ
ҲǽŶơ
ҲŵõϢࡣ
ֿ˵ȴǽȻͬࡣ
ƿĵӣǹĹᣬץܵıͣӵɾ׼ЩŽֶΡ
˵ڶɾںʮħԿƾһСʱĩ̾΢΢ü
̫Ѿîʱˡ
ڲ֪ʲôʱɢһȺû˹ܣȺؽţŰֲգһȣһҡ
˵ÿڸһ衣
ĩ̾°͡
СڵȷһϢ
Ӳɼԭʯĩ̵ֻ̾ÿһ裬ĳƷǺܲɷֵĹϵ
ַͬͬĳƷҲǽȻͬġ
һС𴸣СڻһϢʹĲͬ
Ϣʲôħ嶼𣿡
ʵ
ĩ̾Ĭˡ
Ϣʲô
ǰ˶֪o϶˵Ķ
ѾȥˣϢҪһִˡ
ĩ̾عСͽܽ͡
ϢǡɹɢϢ
ͷ˵һ䣬֮͸˵ˣĩ̾˵ҲϢϣڴʱϢں˽ȥҲڿʯ֮У㴸Ĺбںϡ
Ϣħ֮Ĺϵĩ̾˸ӣžͿĹϵ󡣡
˽ˡ
ǿĻԵɣ
Ҳ˵һݵĺá
Цеء
̫ϢСȻħˡ
ֱС𴸰֡ĵһ죬ҲΨһһ˻Ե
С𴸣Ͳħ壬ǹˡ
ϾЩڣҲС𴸵Ϣġ
Сͽĩ̾Ϣ֮£֪ԽԽáϾϢ伫ΪĴڡ
ΪϢֻ»ԣʲôǿ˽
Ȼˡ
֪ϢģҲڶɾ֮еЩˡ
ʦ֣оڿǷΧʢŵùġؽĵӣȽϢǿܸʯɡ
ΨһıҶϽˡ
Ҷ粻֪ΣҶ˼˼ǿС𴸣û
ֿҶ˼˼Ǹ̹֮ˣС𴸣ǾͲ֪
ǲʲô˽ֶεġ
ֵֻײǰǸʲô¶Сˣ֮ôһġ´μҶ˼˼СЩǡ
ʦ
룬СʣǺҹ𣿡
ǿǺѽĺܺ档
ĩ̾û뵽ֻֻ塣
Ǽ⡣
Ǻ겻Ѱ·
ĩ̾˵ˡ˵ǸѰųβķĲɣͰѺ׼ĿʲôĶˡ
Ҳͳˣިץ˸š
һҲûǮô⡣
ֻо޶ëʱûñռű˵ʱֻһֻ
ިȽи꽫Ǻ尴д飬дǷ˾һֻһʮļۣϼһʯһ첻飬һ
Ǻβ˼ǧʯΪһʯɱӡҲϻˡֻܴӦȥŴЩʵ
ʱ䣬ǺٲҪǷżʮʯˡ
̲ס¶Լĺš
ΪܿԼͬأû뵽ȻΪһʯôˡ
ҲΣֻ´Ǻʱܼһ档
ʦͽἰ˫Ͱ
һȥ޶ȴĮȥ˶ˡ˫ȥңôһ߼Ҳûټ
չǳȥҵĵط
ǳʮ죬ûϢ
޶ȴĮʲôطΣ𣿡
ֺʡ
ĩ̾롣
˵Σգ˵ǡء
޶ȴĮڼǰףǡĩ̾СͽʲôͣףϾˣɹͨأԤ֪δ
ͨԤ֪δֲɵõɴۡ
ǺεȻһ壡
Ԥ֪δֻףӻŮĩ̾˵ǰף壬֪ǲǿȫ帲ף׳ǳʧԭڵĵطˮˢ׻ʮ꣬ǵ̮ٶǰΪһƬĮ
ֻĮ֮пܻϢ̤޶ȴĮʧС
ĩ̾°Ц
˵ʧڴĮеˣ׳ˡ
Ҳ̲ס룺ǲʦͶʦҲ׳ȥˣ
ܡ
ĩ̾ն˵׳Ͳˡ
Ŷһ
Ƕ޶ȴĮЩ档
οʦͶʦһȥ£ʼûټЩĵġ
Сҵǣܿͻġ
Ȼ
Լʦʦ㶼ôµġ
ռھ¼ˣ춼̶̼ͽʺõ¯ɡ
¯Сֻаƴ
ͨǳɫСֺÿʺ֡
ֵõ¯֣̾Ԩ
׼ȥҵҩϵʱŷ֣ĵûС
ʹʦʦĵһ㶼֪
ټʦţûǳģһղһ
ֺݺ̾˿
׷ʦȥ޶ȴĮ˵ģʦְһҵ
ʦֲڣҲܾôš
ֵõ¯Ԩ
СϣԨۿִ²ͷɥ
ʶ֪õ¯Ҳûа취Ƶҩ
һ֪ҪȥŬһԣ
ΪôŬӣԨܻϲ
벻
ۣԨۻϲߣΪڴһ˶ŵӲʮεصͷ
Ԩ̧Դ
޷
ҩ޷ꡣ
⡣
ϲȫȻΪֶ⡣
ŬŬӦþͻһɡ
Ԩĺܺá
ֻ˵޷ͷܡ
ŴҲ˵ԼǸʲô飬֮ЩԨ
С齣¯ߡ
ȥɽϲɵֲ
Ȼûеȥɽһߣջġ
ϾԴҲװ˲ٵĵ
ֻûԨġ
ɽһ룬ݺ̾˿
ôôá
¯ԭվƬ̣̾˿
̧ͷʱɽѾȫǱ
ߡ
̧ȱ
ʱɢ
Ȼȴסˡ
ǰ˺ܶС·
һɽСլӡ
ʯ̵أ
ټլʯ
ȴŽա
Ŀ£Ż򿪡
л˵
~
~


142 
ֻǵԼСյִʱ, Сָ·
ǵķȻ෴ԽԽԶСۣٱСקӰɽ, ɽɡ
Ǻܾ֮ǰˡ
ǰʱĻҲʮһˡ
Ĵֺͱʣȴַδǹ¶ʱ, ɽľղģ
ͺñȴ˿̡
ľôʯذ壬գн࣬ƽȻ
վԭصƬ, ǱɽŴɢȥ, һϮ²ľ, ⿴ſڡ
ɡ
㶡, ļɽʱ, Щ𾪵ġ
Լʦŵĺɽ
ôɽһ룬Ӱɽˣ
ҲһƬ, 塣
ɽ, 䳡û졣
ɽƮƮһ, תȥ
ԥ, ȹż
ƣȸ֦ͷߴߴ, ïʢĻɫӲҲܶࡣ
СͥԺڰһ, ɽ·ֻ˯б˴, ɻ, ɹ̫
ֽ»
˴뿪ǰһģһ
ʮһմĵطÿһ綼̫Ϥˡ
ɽþò
Ⱥɽ˸á
źߡ
ɽ۾ûһ
ֵĲ죬·ֻ֪⡣
ʵͦ˵ġ
ɽ쳭ʱֹͣʣ뵽Լɽׯʮꡣ
ɵʵʵʮ꣬ոһյദ
ɽôȻʦŵĺɽӰɽ
ֳЩнԼִܶεͥԺУĿϤĻְ裬ĺܿ·ҵͥԺеСӣԼˡ
ɽŴľ죬º°Щ¶׵һĨɫӰ
˴ΪԵɽˡ
̫
˴ָ뵽ɽ
̧ӡ
ĵɽ
ϾĵǴӴ˴¼ģһ˵Ҫ뵽ʱ򣬵һ뵽ľɽĲ
⼸죬ռʦֽ¯ˣȻ¯ȴûƵĵɰˡҲˣ̲סеɽŻԼɽׯĴţ
Ӧҵˡ
ʵʵϡ
һã˵ң
ɽɿУɢɢǴһζ
ֶ˶񣬵İԼɽׯ뿪飬ЩҪļ̸ɽ
ɽׯ;кüЦ̧ȭִЦȴ֣˵ȥ
һ˵꣬ɽݵЦ֧ȡˣúÿ˹˹ģǸΣնصĲЦȴ˺߲֣ܶݶ˵ģ
֪ɽɲʲôˡ
ּĪˡ
Ȼȥ˾šԵɡ
ɽЦ֡
һ˹úòã۾ܿ
ǸԱյС۵ɢŵĹâ
Լǰ˵ʱ״̬Ѿ˵ǸСƵľ衣
Ȼֻ󣬼棬СӲŻٳɳ
ֻǵɽ֮ǰ˵ģȥһġ
һ룬ɽ˼ȥҿռ顣
û뵽Ϊ⣬ûȥǸţȥ˾ţûаݿռΪʦǳΪ˿ռʦá
ɽ㶼֪ˣ
ֲ²ɽܸἰţǶԽЩ˽ģϽǹ⹴֮¸
ɽ΢΢ۡ
Ƭ£ֻΪһ˵Ĺ
˵ǶЩһжġ÷ӣǹ⡭
β֪Ҫʲô
˵Щ̾˿
ٻЩŲ½ŵЩ͡ҦǶǺ޹ȴУ
źǹ⡭ɽһ۾ͿСʧ䣬ϸ룬ֻŷʲô֪СΪʲôϧ
С֪ǹĳ
ɽʵ
ҡҡͷ
ֻ˵ڼǰǣʮڣ˻飬ûһǹ⡣
ĶǱ֪ġǶǶǹġûἰǹĳ
û֪ǹĳʲôʲôΪ
һеĶ¶ˣǳȴ·ˣûκεطºۼ
˾֪һɽôʣЦƺЩЩһӡ
Ҳŵͷ
ǷӣôɥĲȥأʮ飬ծܱ˵һӡ
ֵǲ֪ɽȻҲ֪ǹĳ
ֻĿǣǹϵõӡҲΪͬˣ˵
еСѰꡣйشķǰеһЩҲǰ䶨
ʲô֪
ǹĳǸӣǻǹ⹴ĽţѳʦŵĿռ飬ǡĪɽ
ˡ
СͥԺķԶᣬ֦ζҶҡһҡһɵǳǳ˳
ÿ촵ķ缸һģûаҹû粻˴ʱշ·𱻷ӡĽ䣬ԶԶ֪˲Ķ
ɽƺ˵ôһ䣬Խ֮£ǹ֮¾ûȤˡ
ǰУȣʮҡһҡ
ԡ
Ǹٵģٻͷˡɽ֪һ㣬Ҳ˻ͷ
еңҰɣЩʲô
ɽۣĿϡ
СµĻɫ
͵Ȼͬˡ
ԥ£˵ҿǵŲ󡣡
ڲճ飬Ƿ󷨶ΡûУȽ֮ƫٵġ
ҹҹĵ󳭹ĵҲôЩڵ棬̫Ƿȱˡ
ֻҲʦŵˡôãҲ֪һ¡
Ǿһŵ鼮һŵ˿޶ŵӣϯӡ
Ϊһŵ֮
ɽѧɽׯʮе·Ŀҳ
ɽһţ˴ɽׯֻһˣֵײǵʲôС̣ʵ
ɽѧϰ˲飬͵ʦ𣿡
͵ʦɽĬã֪뵽ʲôȴҡҡͷʦǸѵˣӲǷ͵ʦ
ңҲˣһСɽѧѧѧᣬɽ˳˼һʴϻ۵ͽܡȱһ
Щ֡
һ˵ʦѣһ˵ʦʴϻ۵ͽܡ
ûйͬ㣬Ҳͬһ仰ݡ
ֵǸϹֱ˲١ķֱ棬Ҳֱܷһ
ɽĸоǡǸʦͽܡ
ôܡɽǲʦֵʦ˰ɣ
ʦţʦʦڶ࣬Ҳʦʦ˵ʦƫ̻һѽ
ֲ⡣
пɽʦͽյ̫ˡ
༸Ͳ¶ˡ
ҪȥȥǺ壬޷
ɽ˵䣬ۡ
в
òط꣬˵Ƕ໨ʱ¶
ѹǸ²ɽ
æվ˹֡
лɽ
Σɽȥ飬ǰ˴æˡ
Ҳܿһͷ
ڲʮ顣˵˳༫ϤĵطǴ˴
խ̨ϵɫС棬ϵĵӡľȱһŵĸߵͲƽвܵ߰㡭
վſڶŲ˺þá
ţû߰˴εܡ
˼ܱġű롣
ʱҲǳһŻȥһҹ˳
Ȼ˿̣ټĲڣܶᣬѷųһɽ⣬Щܶˡ
ҵһţЩû³
ôҳ
ǿôҵܡ
ţǲС۳ûʰã
Ǵ˴ôҵģһ쳭ûʰɵġ
СҲ֪ںδΣֻôӽһ˳Ÿ첲Ƽ磬˸ᣬ·ȥ鼮
ﳭʮ꣬⿴һ۾֪Ǳ÷ںδ
ؼ졣
Ϊ˽ʡʱ䣬ֻ̧˼ŷֱ鼮Ȼ鼮λ
Ҳˡ
ŪһĲһ㣬ں̵ܶʱھͱŪˡ
Ҳˣַһûûп顣
˴ÿһġ
ͳôʮϸ࣬ûһõϵġ
ټĲָյֻ࣬żŷվԭط
ûС
ɽĲҲ
ˣԨ·ӣ߲ͨ
װ׺ķʱ䣬ܻԨϣ
ҧŴǶβͻڣ˿̶Ŵͷɥġ
û顣
ڴ˴վվƽһ顣
ʲô
֪ɽʱġ
վڲĴߣһȴĽǶȣʵ
ڹУվԭغþûжֱͶϵӰӻ˻Ρ
ת
ɽ
Ψһڴɽˡ
ӵôһɽѧһжȻȫǲġҲ֪Ļࡣ
ˣʲôӻָ
ɽһ㶣аһ
ꡭˡ
ϻ˫ޣһķӡ
ɽ˵
ĬĬͷ
Ѿ֪ˡԨݵ޹ȴΪǹ֮ˣԨȳ֣û޸֮ˡ
ġأ
ɽȴЦ
ģ
ǰ˶㣬ȥף
ף
ֲɵ˶䡣
ʦ˵ˣףѾȫ帲׳Ƕ޶ȴĮ֮ˡ
ף޸ȥף壿
ɽȴǳĬ˺ܾá
Ĭֶ̲ס룬ǲһʲôʵ⡣
Ѿûףˡ
ɽް
СҪȥ̽ף塣㲻á
ֲɵƿߡ
顣
ɽûף޸Ļףʲô档
ɽô˵ֲòԼеʱһͷ
ҲҲ޶ȴĮľͷףųأ
ҲĻףأ
һѡ
һǸ̫ǳС꣬ʲô뷨Ƕ䶯һᱻ˷֡
ɽҲĺ
㡭
δ䣬պѿһ졣
졣
ּվȡ
˳Ŵ⿴
ɽҲա
죬̾
Ѱȥ
СסԵҲͰˣҪȥ̽ף塣
ɽɫִδ࣬ҲԽԽ졣
Ƕֻѡ
δ䣬ֻɽԽԽС˺漸塣
ͬɽ˱һʲô塣
ǰ·Ǳˡ
˲֪ãһ
һЩ죬ǿ׳ĻС
ۡ
Ԩ
Сʡ
һ
ֿˡ˿̻ʦźɽİɽԨر
ոա
Ԩۣɫ¶ְ
˰ʱˡ
ʱ䣿
ҡҡͷǱˣɽ
㻹ǵ֮ǰ˵ģ뿪༫Ҿ͵ɽѧ˺ööࡣ
Ԩһ㶡
ոγɻʱǸˣ
ȥ
Щź
һ඼ûмɽˣǴҴһ棬Ļûкú˵
С۵Ĵڶûʡ
̫Ҵˡ
Ԩһ
ԭ
֪Ԩɽʶġ
ɽ֪ף壬ԨҲ֪ɡ
вزס£Լɼֲװ𣬺Ԩɽ
ԨڴʱȻֵϢʧ
ɽг˻ʱ䡣
˽ûʱ佫˽ȥ
Ϊǻʱ䡣
֪Ǹˡ
Ҫ˺ʱġ
ɽץԨ˷С
ԨС£۾ġ
ɽһ¶
˵ף壬޸꣡
뵽Լ֮ǰΪ˸Ԩ˶ô۵һ·Ԩ֪ȴ޷ɹ
ԥһ£Ǿ仰û˵ڡ
ֿʼ룬ҪҪɹ˵øԨջϲ
ȻȷԨĻпջϲ
ţ
Ԩۣ¿ʼޣǸ֪ʲô
־ȲԨ룬˵ɽ˵ҺԵ
ֻԵܿɽɽšټɽҲԵְɡ
䣬ǰƺЩмЦһ
ӵԵ
ֵ°ͣǲԵǽá
ãС֣ãټ
ֱ°ͣ졣
ǰԨƤûϣֱ֣
°ͣӡ
ԨŪ⧲ɴۡ
һɲǣִԨһ浥С꣬۸ˡ
Сеɰ㱵롣
Ȼһ̣Ԩ۵׻һ˿Ц⣬ںӵֵ֣°ӣСèƵġ
۸ң
ЦŶ֡
ȻԼֻű˵أû۸ɹԨΪԼ°䣬ЦضԨСϣúһ
Цˣ۾ЩˮյĹ
Ԩصһ
룬취ȥף壬Ԩá
١
ʧ޶ȴĮͽˡ
˵
峿յǳĴݻĩ̾Լڷһʱ
ټ˼ʣͽǡ
ިȽи֣꣬вݵԨԼſһͷĿռ顣
޶ȴĮˡ
ĩ̾˵Сһ޷Ӧͽǣǡ˭ȥһˣ
۾һ
˯ͷ
߾֣ػش𣺡ң
һȴࡣ
ިȽи֣꣬ռ飬һеӣȫӦ
ΪΪͽŮԨҲܺȺؾ֡
ĩ̾ǿƬ̣һҧ
ãŵӣȥѾŵӴ
һ١
л˵
~
~


143 
˷, ŵ룬ռĿǰݻЩΣֻ, Ӿһ
˱һߣκƻûкã԰ھˡ
ִδȥ޶ȴĮ, ȥ˸޼Ҳ֪һŷλ
ǳ֮ǰݻţջ
ûѧС
ިһʱ򣬿ίʵ, ֶŴʦ, ֽظԼһŷǵҪԨҪද, ʡ, Ԩһ
, ȻûôȵΣҲ衣
ިֵ˼Ȧ, ȷԼСʦòȻӰս, ҲͲˡ
ֻΪչֵٶ, һ˵ٶ̸Ͽ졣
ǴҪǰ޶ȴĮ, Ҫᴩȡ
֮ǰȥԶĵطɽʱǳĻʱ䡣ΪǾϺԶˣ˿̲֪, ԭҪǰ޶ȴĮҪʮ졣
ڼިϢڼ, ԼСʦϰ
Сལƴ, ֵʦѧһ, ûڴʦָʱ׺СལͨС
ûѧΪʦͶʦһӻһͽͨСû뵽ʦӣһһСལеգֱ֡
ȻʧֺСæڿǱƴСལ
ǰζʧˡȫԨǰȽס
СľսſԨУڴʦĽ̵¿Ҫըˡ
һȫһ
ʦֽСལͨУͿĿ˰µʱ䡣۾ǻûɥĲ񵽰ȥ
ʦ̫򵥴ֱˣֱôһӣѧ͵ˤ
ȻʮǱſСལϱýأްȫеңɺôܸմϹϵˡ
ިǿ
ǰ磬;ʱϢʱҡҡλεӰ֮ˡ
Ѿ߰죬·˭ܲˡ
˵ˮͷȴ¡
˳ŷѣһ˵ִһǳأȥѰҿջ
ʱһֱͷᡣ
˴Щ̫һϢ
Ȼͬ
˴ΧɽЩͺͺģǳظǷ紵ɳ졣紵ϣЩۡ
־ڳŶӵôʱ䣬оˡ
һѣͷڵס
̧߬һЩŤͷ
վ󷽵Ԩ˹ϵڰϡһɫֵͷ
˴ɹŵ㡣
ֵߣԨ͡
Ҳˡܸ֮оĸѱɹ
ҲʵʵԨѡ
ިһ
Сʦչˣͷˡ
˳ǣ˴˺Դһ˶Ŷñɫƫǳ¾ɵĺںһɫͷǽŲҴң֮俴гˣ⿴һ۾ƿߣ˵ĵ
ިȥһջ
ջ˺ܶ࣬ɨһ۶ŸֲͬѵʿҲˣϾûһͷñƤϵĺ죬Լǳ˴ձɹġ
ҲһѣԨѷ·ܸµģղδ͸ѴݸʲôաѣֻСˮ顣
ʿͦڽﻹһΣһ˵˵ռ䣬һĻպá
ŵû˸ҼިҲû˸ҼԨ
ިԨͬʱȥ֡
ڷԨֵͬʱިһջ֡
ֻŵѣδʦջأԨ֣ͽѷŻУȻϲި¡
ި͡
Ц
Ԩ֪ϲʦ㣬òҪ

ި˼ˣϲ˵С˳ֻһơ
ƶйŨҵľ֮ǰȹһȻͬЩϹȹľơ
Ǻ͵ϹȹҲͬžͳ壬ѬܰѬΡ
ȽиͿռʮԾһһƣȺ˿θ
ֿź棬ȴԼҴʦסָ֣һ붹ӽȥ˼顣
ףһ԰κС˼ȥСҲˣȥǾˣʵʵűȡ
ȴ֪һ˲ע⡣
ٱѰһضѼʿҲ˲Զǧߴ
ިǰ׼б֮ǰʦʦ̽·
ިϺܵö࣬б޻׼һⲻ͸Сʦˡ
Ȼȫˣֻһܺȱȡ
ȽиͿռȾƣԨһƣк
ԨնƵģľңպȴһζ
ֻܿǺȾơϾ֪ԼＸΨһܽܵľƣһˡ
Ԩ˼ھƣƺ뵽ʲôüһֵȾƣȥЩƣ
ֲɵĶ
ǣСʣʲô
ԨۺЦ⣺һӣӻӣɣӣңҪĸ˵ҡ
֮ǰСǶȵһһɵһ㣬Ԩ˵һ
ҶҪ
ű룬գۿԨ
Ǳˣ鷳˻ֻѡһԨûôֱ˵Լ뷨
֮ǰֻȹһԨȾƣȵľƷ·Ǹָģͬľƺ̳иֳѲأҲ볢ָľơ
ô۰ͰͿԨԨȻʱ״Ӧˡ
༫ɫʰޣŻȥרűһسֻʱˣܸСˡ
Ԩ֡ҧſӣոóţ⣬ǳԿ⡣
˼
˴ڴӶˡ
ͱ𴦴Ƿ˵Ĳͬ˴ʿȻһۿȥûи߽ʿôͽʿڷҲˡ
Ƕ˽
û˵̫ˣЩ˵һ
Щ˶ȥĮģ
ĮȻֵأ϶һ㣬˭ȥûлԵ
˵ǰЩʱĮ˲𣿡
ҧſӲ̲ס룬Įˣ˵ĴĮ
ꡭ˲֪㻹֪𣿡
֪ʲôֺغܡ
λ
ֻҧſأΧΧ˼ʿ
˵ʿһܿǸոЩȵĵͽʿ
Ϊʿ˵ǵͶƫ󣬶ʮģ
ǴΧһΧЦر
ַ¿ӣضǡ
ǼʿĿͣ˺ܾãõָӣǼʿ۾شʹһʱʲô̼ˮֱ
̧ͷ
Ԩ΢΢üǲ㲻ӭĺֱӸ϶𰸡
⼸ʿû˵һ۾ʹ಻ѡ
ިһӡ
û¶͸ҹٰۡ
ܲáϾǼʿ˶
Ǽʿ۾ˣʲô˵Ķ˵ڣҲ֪һӲ磬˵ʲô໥뿪
ǰ뿪ž˴ҡ˹
Ǽ˲ͬǵǴϻۣĿͷβûֵϡ
ֱӿ곤һĿռ顣
λѡ
ռʦܺžƣôһ̧ǸӵˣЩ̱ģһܿƢ
ЩҲûбˣЦǺǹʡ
ѣϢ
ռʣʲô
λʿԶ˴ֻĿҲ޶ȴĮɡ
ʿ٩٩̸˵޶ȴĮϢ˲֪ǱʿˡλҪȥĮǮһϢҲΪλƽ
ɨǼʿʲôϢ
ި¿Цһ
ϢǵǮ
ռնҪ
ŵֻǮģûлǮġ
ʿģλӲûϢλȥ˴ĮֻҲ޴룬ҲһǧʯܱλһƽֶΪأ
ֶסˣһǧʯ
Щ顣
ʲôϢֱӿһǧʯ
ôȥ
ͬ뷨ģǾӣȽи궼ûסһھЩǺţȵɴۡ
һǧʯҿڣôȥ
ͬţ뷨һģһ
ʿϹҲסˣ˵λ˵ʲôģϢҪ޶ȴĮȻҪģһǧʯǽȥǷûãңҵһʯ
һк˱ˣ岻˾ŵӡ
ŵӴϵ¶һƭǮľ衣
ʿɨһȦΨеԾƵûжԴκ̬ȡ
꿡ţŲףһǮˡ
̲סλѣһǧʯƽְɡ
Ԩδ̧ͷܸоֵĻǸ˵ֻ֣СҪƽˡ
̧ͷ
ȻֽŵضһڴӦ
ûǮ
Ԩ˵
ʿɵˣûǮôأλһǲǮˣѣͷϵô˵ûǮأƭҲôİɡ
Щ顣ԨŴȻ򵥣ûвĶõĶǼƷ
ôȷһִ󷽵ġ
ûС𣿡
༫˵Ȼ˵
ڳ˶һ㶡
ֻԨֱ׳˵ǳģǮ飬Ҫ
°ͳһ
֮в˶ⷬۡ
Сôֱӵ
ЩĿⲻɵöͶ֡
ƯСŮޣȻǳСģ
ި鶼Ťˡ
Ƚи̣ȫŴȲûʧء
Щʿˣϣ˳ݡ
λӡ˵̬ȶı˲٣ʮֹ΢СΪ̫ˣ޶ȴĮ뾳ڳһ֮أܱܿˡ
һǧʯƽǲǺܻأ
ԨЦȻһ͡
ֿУ𣿻Ԩƽǿ϶㰡
ֱһŪԴκġ
Ȼ֮С֣Լҳ꣬ϡһθС
򣡡
ŵΥʦѵĿţΪСһǧ
л˵
~


144 
һǧʯͳȥ, ֲŷӦ
ովʲô
ŵԼͬţƵĲСԴϡԨȤִިԼͬ, ССצЦ˵лΪһѡ
ǿ
㲻ʲô
һǧʯּǵԨʯ˵ʯֹһǧˡ
ԼĲƴְɡʯʯ
ֻǻǮ, ȥһǧʯͷǵѪģװͰͶʿһҪԵԼһǧʯ
ʿ˰ھζˡ
ƯСŮ˸С, СŮԼûмǮ
⡭˵춯
˺ô, ͦľϢ
ӷ, һǧʯԲ
Ŵǰ, ޶ȴĮƵ쫷, ֮ʿ޷ֵʿ쫷У֮ͣ, ȴҲ
ʿƤӷúܿ, ˵ǰǰʧʮʿ, ˴˵޶ȴĮһ˵, ɴǰĮȴǷһΣޱȵޡ
޲ͬѰû־, ǻ磬ƺǸġų, ɫ, һȾͻ쫷硣
һǧʯõϢ
˵޵, һʮꡣΪĸߣһֱޣһ˿ȶֵġ
ʿɿ˵ֻҪŪ˹ϵ޾ԲϮЩˡ
˼
һ޸
ࡣ
ӣȥĮڣǧҪ߶棬һҪƿ档ޣֻȥһʮͺá
ˣԼͬҲ˸ϸ
ռ鲻ɳ˳ǣ˶֪ģȻһǧʯ
ʿдʣλǰϢ֪޼ΧŴĮΧһȦ˵޵ģʮˣ֪иģһˡЩ˿ɲ֪һϢ
λӳִ󷽵ķϣһһ
޶ȴĮϢ
һ˵꣬ڳ˶Ĭˡ
ֲ룬ĳ
Ԩ鵭ƺû仰ƵģֵֻЩ
ިռһۣû˵е˼Ǳ˴ס
ʿҲˣЦǺѵλȥ޶ȴĮˮȻֶеҲ
ʿһǧʯЦʮֺ뿪
ʣ¾һӳĬ
󣬻ިƽ֡
ײ׵ģǲǲĵ顣ǵҪǰѰᰢ
֮Ļ
ި°ͣ޶ȴĮ⣬ȻҲܡʧʮŵҪҰɡ
ި̧ͷɨԼСʦܣСʦãֿۿռ顣
ҶǾˣһ˶ʲô˼
ʦˢˢͷΨһľԨüеɻ󣬿ɺܿ췴ӦԼֵʦʲôͳʧЦ
ŵһܳԣһǮܶ໨
μġ
Ӵ˴ǰ޶ȴĮж̶·̡
һһŵĳ޶ȴĮΧһĳǡ
˵ǻĳǣֻǴ˴˾סµĶǹ¹ˣ׺ͯ
ضģפûмǽ϶ǽʱһǽڳſڣȽи꺰˰źһſӵ
ɨһˡ
ֺԨŴɴңȽиͷɴңڵģռɡֻިʲôڵûУŽ°͡
ˡ
һ졣
һʯ
Ŷһ㶡
ǵҲʯһˣ˵֮ǰǸǳأҲʯôƫԶĻĳǣȻһʯĽǷѣ
ިЦˣЦܺÿҲɷ
ң
ֱһʯˣͿԼ׼ײˡ
ިǲϲթթǮơ
ǿǮިͻȥصѡ
ɨˣСȽиһװЦرɰ
ͣ
ȽиһһѶذذзɳΧ˼Ȧ
ñͷһ¡
ʱһͷ
˵ʲôȽиЦÿɰɰжٴһЩɱ
Ѿǽվˡ
ΪһȺʿû뵽
ִ߹ʱ򣬻̲ס࿴һۡ
µĹͷȻᷢҮ
˴˳Уֵֻ޼ߡ
Ҷʿ
Щʿ˽ǣ̧һ۾ƿߡ
ָڴʦߵ˿ջ
һȥ֮ǰǸв࣬ʿ
ֻпջƹĺõǷˡ
һ˵ĵ˲˵Ŀӡ
ި˲δΧ˵ߣѰ˸ިǳĵ
ȡһ
ǵ˻ĳǣںδ
˵գި׳
֪Ǹʦֵġʦֺʦһ뿪˿ڴĮ֮Уûʲôټ
ʦҲΪѰʦֺʦ㣬żææŻ
ިԸںͰǻ֮ǰǰȥĮ
һȺһߵǻиӦǷֿЩʲô£Ŷû
һ׷ųȥİûټ˫ȥҲûټ
ǳҲʧȥټʣ˾;Բֿܷ
ʵʵͷ
ڴʦķԸμġ
ڳģި̲ܽ˵ֻԨһˣި£Сʦλ༫˲ܽ
ֻҪ¶ˣϺˡ
ިӽͳֽʣдһֱֽ˸˶ʮţȽиС
Ⱥһ°ͣȥ
Ƚиͷݣ̧־Ҫһ
ͷϻŶأȽи󣬺Ȼɿ֡
ˣСʦûʵʵš
Ƚиһ˱ֽȥȺ֮С
ֻں棺ʦдʲôܲǮӪ
ި˵ѰɼֲɱޣʲôɣֻҪǮ
룬Ȼ֮еĴ𰸡
ֻЩġ
ôֽ𣿡
ûţûʶҶģ˭ǣأ
Щ
ިУһɵġ
֣
̧
Լдɴ
ԨȭִЦ
Цֲͷȥعӡ
Ԩ֣ãҲЦ˵ǲЦɴɴ£˫ʢЦ⡣
ԶԣҲҺʹʦӡԴӻһǧʯϢ֮ڴʦһҪչ˵ı
룬ɵɣһǧʯȥϢǱӦòֵ
ˡ
Ƚиϲ̵
ųȥȺзֽȽи꣬һͲˣ˼ۣˡ
ިüӴȻС
קקɴԼ
Щģһɵޣһ˵Ϊʲô
˻óΪߣϴǲ֪ôŵӵѣ߬һѽܵͽ׵֡
˿ͺִܾ١
ߵިߣ춼Ų
ިˣһۡ
˵£ŤŤ󡣡
˱һͷæ˵ңλæȥĮһˡ
˭ʲôΪΣ㿪óٵĳ͡
ިֱָˡ
ԥ˰죬˵СûΪʮꡣһͷץŴ˴Į˵Ҫ׼ʲôû̫塣
˺ִܾٵغ˹ȥ
ʯһǧһʦҵģжɺʲôҲ֪λæӴĮоȳ𣿡
һδʲô˵
ިһü
ĿԨɺʲô
Ԩҡͷδš
һĿռ鴫ܣǴþܾ֮˻ĺö
ֶˡǴֱˡ
ިҲֱӵͷ
Сҽˡ
˿
ңΪͣǴңֻҪҲҵҾ͸Ǳꡣ
˴Ҳ
ިӦˡ
Уǹʱ
лλ˹֣¶ģлλϰæ
ިӻ֣ûʲôȡ
Ŷԣһ¡
ĵԥ£ǰǣһҧǷɿ˵
ǰλɣ
л˵
~
ϲСǸ߿˳ڴʻ档
~


145 
˰ʡ
ԥƬ, ûȥʲô
ϾҲǺ١ܾ۰Ǿ֤ǲٵġ
ǰĴھͲȫ, ûбİ󲿷ֶ䵽ǹС
Գƶĵеİһʲôϵİ, Ȼŵǣ
ţǺĽǶĿ˵İˡ
˴ջǱ˲٣һ˿䷿ֺʹʦһ䣬ռȽиһ, Ԩ, һһ䡣
һصϢʱ, ިڻûнȥʱ, վ˴̡
, ҹѰˡ
˵⻰ʱިǶԨġ
ԨԴûзӦ֪⻰˵ġ
žţϾҲûдȥ֡
Ͼʦסһء
־Ȼ, Щ, εתȽȥ, Ҵ˵Լȥϴ˯
һҹ޻
, ިŽӵǳĵ
ڴĮʮλáСһֻ
ǸҲûʲôˡ
ѾõǳĵϢǾͲڿջȥˡ
һʱ䣬ި˼Ѱ˵ĹȽ϶Ǹֱ׵Ѱ, ༸ǱȽ޵Ѱ, Ѱһǡ
Ҳ, ûѰ˵ĳͶࡣ
ި, ˵ĿԲˣֻҪû⣬ҲҵʡĵģһٽӸĻƣȻʦŵʱܸʦ㾪ϲȥˡ
ֻ޶ȴĮΣԻǴڵģިҲд󣬶Сǧ򲻿ԶˣƳԨ
е˼ȻסҪ뿪Ԩ벽ʹʲôΣգиԺһ˲һ
ʦ˵˰ɣǣҡ
Ԩ֣ǣ
Ťͷܵި࣬ǣ䡣С°ͣȻпɽģ
ԨʧЦ
ռһ˼ֵõ˺ܶ࣬һУΨһģķӨ͸أֿźÿʹϡ
ԨУ˼
һ˴һġ
ĵΪߣҲҲʮ߰ӣһһγŵСʿȽи깴һʱȽижʦȾʦϲʦ¶֪ˡ
ܽһé®Сʿ
ʵͰʶģǰʲôˣĵҧʲôû˵ֻظţǸˣȻǰ˵ġ
ިҲںİܹг͵ģֻҪ̻С
һǰ޶ȴĮıԵ
֮ǰʿ˵ҪӶȥĮΪŰ
ǳĴϢ߶ʮλãǱܲˡ
ިҲСʦöСģѡ˴Ӷ뾳
ִĮıԵĿ֮֮ѾȻͬˡ
ɳ죬һ޼ʵɳĮӣ߽ȥ·ͻС
ԨŸ񣬴ñ
ñܴ档
ôǶܸյȣȻбˬ֮źûбɹʹ
⶷һԨִģ˶ֻܽ;öҡ
ռ黹зӣ˸ɵⷨޣҲܵ
̧ɳлŶ㣬߳һ·յɳĮһƬů𣬾ʦިЩŷ˶ĺô
ިϴ꣬ǲδĮ޶ȴĮһտ֪Խ˵ĵطԽʧ˷
ߵҲ·紵Ųӡӣǰ··ûи
ĵСʿŽһңΪ̫ˣɳĮʮַ£ȵ
ֹ·̧קקԨ
ǿԷɹȥ𣿡
ǿˣʵڲл硣ܺùô̤ʵص߹ȥɡ
ԨԽĮؾԳĬһ·ƺʲôû⣬ôקקŻع
ֵ˴зϢ
Ƭ̸߶쫷磬ʿٲԸҲֻ̤ܽʵصߡˡ
ֻϨġ
ûзеģʲôԵĽһ߼һǻáɳĮߣֻƴסΧɳµӰӡ
һˡ
Ѿܾû۵ĸоˡԴкһʱ۵ġ񲻹ɳ˼·۵·ۡ
Ųôһ㣬Ԩˡ
̧סֱֵۡ
ۣ
С·ȵԽԽŻҽţĲȥ·ֻ֣ҧŴ˵Լֽꡣ׾ͿˣߵĽˡ
Ҳ˵ͷ
ûôġ
˵ģô߼ؾͽ۵ʱ
ƫƫô·̣ۡ
ި˲δע⵽ˣԨֱֽ̧𡣾ŷڰա
ĽЬࡣ
ֺֽɵùЩȻԨ
ʲô
ֵĽСɰ׾㹭䣬ű𪣬ܿɫϸϸ硣
һţֺţЩ㡣
Ԩֻô¡Ͼ֮˲Ϊ·߶ˣͽ۵͡
ضСĽţȴЩʧ
ɵã˵Щۣ⳯ߡ
ɿ
ôЬģĽŲš
οŲմأ־ŽѾ̫ˡ
ֻڻУʹԨֲС
Ԩôһ߲ŻعͷĽš
˵Ǽ飬ЩϸϸģϸŶñȴ·Ƶģͨ졣
һ̣ԨĻһֻɫС
Сǲ˼ˣ֨֨
ɵĴβ͸Լ۾ǲһۡ
һ̣СϥͷܵǰިһͷС֪뵽ʲôԼСʦñЦˬʵ¸¸µģưɳĮü
Ԩָ
ոջδü࿴ƺһѪ졣
ֺ̫죬塣
һֱеСſʦļͷҫĴβ͡
ɵĺβɨɨȥɨԨͷġ
ӵƬ̣ȵɳһ޴ޱȵЫӣһУСިļͷɵС
ԨνС
Ŀڵ
βɨϣë׵أһë
Ԩյͷ̧ǰצΰϡСһĪҵ֡
Ԩ۵һ˿Ц⣬ȴСצӣͷһڡ
һ̣Сֻ꽩ţŵضԨ
Ź
л˵

һСצӣһСβͣһСꡭٺٺ
Ͼ~


146 
Сһ̴Ԩ, СལʹʦһɳĮЫȥ
ԨɿС꣬, ں濴ź֣ͮͮǲýϵۣѾغɳĮЫ
ɳĮ֮кȻֵ, 粻ġֺԨڽŶɾЫӦܿ죬ԼҴʦһͬʱͷһʶ˲޵Ѫ
ިһȥ, ǾЫ޴ɶ, һ̴
Ȼء
ɳĮЫֵɱ, ȫ̲˲Ϣ֮䡣
Ҳ˵ިһ, ´ԼСʦ, ʵƺ֮ǰ˼ĽǻǮĶĵһɷ˼Լһǧʯǲǳ̫ˡ
һпʵŮȻô
Ӧúһˡ
ި, ߵϵľЫ
еӲ
ȽиͿռΪŵӵԾ, ѾСǯ, ʼ־Ыʬˡ
Ҳǵһμβһ޵ʬ塣
Ыǯ, Ыβ룬, ࣬, űӽչ, ިվǶЩ, ôȥһޡ
Ͼ޵ĸλòǮġ㲻ǳĺͰҲõϡ
ܶƶʿǮǿ޵Ĳ
֪ԼڽŶɾֻ˶жݳ޶˷ѡ
գۣȥæһװޡͬʱⲻôʦ֪˷˺ͷ޲һͷЫ´ʦôá
ҲûԨ˾롣
ĽʹѾ·ʱûôˣͣͽʮ·
ֻ˶̶ʮ·ΧòƺЩͬ
ȿľһɳ֮еľ䡣
ɳ֮Уɳƽ̹󣬷·Ϊ˵ɳĮ֮еĿ磬ΧһȦ߸ߵɳǽ
ǽںߣЩɳΧС
ǽϣһ졣
ѣɾͿϵ֡
Į
ֹ·̣Ӷǰ˴ԼҲнʮҲ˾סģҲʦ־ڴ˴
ţҲȥѯʴʦ˼
ިֱŽʦʦǳĮȥ
Įͦ˺ԶûеִоԼֿʼˡ
۵ķʽ֮ǰͬеһһģۡ
ԥ£غôʦ㱧ţƺܿߵĮǶˣ뻹סˣһǳһŵߡ
ԨʱͿϻۡ
󲽳ȥСע⣬ֱ̧§
ձסûг
ɰͰ͵Ԩһۡ
Ԩ۾͸ңš
ûɵױ˱ڻУϲմأʹġ
ǰ˲δ䵽Ǳŵģިºܿ죬Щļģһ·ͣЪִĮĸǽԵ
߽˲ŷǽһɸߣߺȣԵֵһЩɳ
˴һţµλòһĿȡ
ͬǳض˴Ż󿪣һ˴ҡڽȥʻ˶ûС
˴ĮȷЩӣӲĸأƺΪˮŴһС֦ҶûУͺͺģһЩӡ
Ԩ¡Ͼߵ˴ˡ
˴һ·ʲô˶ҲǸĻɳ죬յĮôӣյ
ǡ
ިֱӳԼĽ
ڿз
Ƭ̣ިԼĽջأɫЩ΢
˴ˡ
ˣ
Щ졣Ϊʦֻڴ˴ء
˴ȻûˣݶŻ󿪵ģ·һһۿȥ򵥵δ齣֮һ
һʱЪϢĵطʺ˾þӵס
ݶˣСĮҲκ˾þӵ˽Ʒ
ި֪ЩʲôôΧĮȥѰһȦ
߲˶ٽžۣԥ£ǸԼҴʦ۵¡
ިֻûôԶ·ˣԼѰһȥһϡ
£ԨȻǸһġ
˴ݲɸɾ˵ʲôĻǾϵһƤˮҡ
Ϣ´˴Ӳ󣬱濪һȴλÿĸߣСǸߴλͶһƹ⣬ϡ
˶Ҳ̧ţڹŽŻ
̧źûʹˡ
Щָ֡ԼιһŵҩԨĽţַ½ȥ
ЩԡԨ·㲻ߵýۡ
żеСΪѰިͽ߼ʱ߲ʮ·۵ûߵ֡
ֻ֣ǵ֮ǰŵ¶أϸذѽ
û£Ǹˡ
ֲ²ҲܷɳĮеһ·ɳвٵ棬ֲġЬױǸˡ
ԨĲ²ⲻıϡ
Ѱˣǻ۵㣬ʲô⡣
ӽȡˮҵݸ֡
ֽӹʱȻǱˮ
Ҳ֪Ūñ˽ȥˮҶðı
ɰһʱСֻˣˮҹ๾ȵʹ졣
ոɳ˱ˮƢΣʹٵʸС
ˮҡ
ûˣЩգʦ˵ʮﲻ𣿡
Ԩùˮңںһڡ
ֵֻ赭д˵һ䣺Ǵ˴
Ǵ˴ǾǻҪǰߣ
룬ִӽȡһŵҩ⻹ʦ֮ǰģֳ̧š
һŽⶾһֹʹ
Ϊг׼
ֺԨڴ˴Ϣһңިһ˻ˡ
ǻˣިлһ
һԾƸʦ㡣
ިݸ֡
ǵġ
ֽӹδ򿪹Ȼި׼˶ʱһ
Ϊ˵ĶԾſڣִٵش֡
ŵǴ
ʦ㣬ҵ˴ҵøһ¡˴̫ƽҹǧҪĮڡҹɳĮֵ񣬲ʿŪˡ
ҴӦҪһˣǿʱҴѾĮ⻤һСļһˡ
عǣɳǻɡ
꣬Ŷһ
ʦûеǣ뿪ˡ
Ϊ˱ʲôˡ
ʦɳĮʶ
Įҹ䲻ͣҲܴʲô
Ǵ˴ôһĮֻΪ˹˶
ֲ⡣
ިȴҶ֡
ǵıţǵġЪϢҹˬһЩͳ
ſڵĶС˵˵й𣿡
񣿡ȽиЦأʲôǶ¡
ռû˵ǱҲôŵġ
Լʦʦǵ̬Ӱ£Ҳʲô޷
Ͼʦֶ˵ˣĮҹ
ϧˣǸڷ̫ĺõط
̾˿
һʱѾƻ裬ƻ֮ʵĴĮֱĹ¼ŵ֮СĮߡ
ϢһʱѾоˡ
ԨߣȻ
ɳǺδ
ԨĿͶɳĮԶؽʵʹ
죬侲ػش
׳ʧ֮ء
׳ʧ֮ء
Щ
Ҳ˴Σҵ壿
ǾԨ֮˵ˣ
ֲ̫˳ԴﹹŸּ衣
ɫ
ֻδҹĻ֮еɳĮ
ͰɳĮȻͬҹеɳĮ·еĹâһжǰɫֲָ
ֿǰˡ
ǰĴʦ㣬ǾԨ
ֵͷӽзĺ
ź˽ա
Ŀ֮һ¸߸ߵΧǽ
գգۡ
ס
ɳĮ֮лбΧǽ
ǰ˼ͷ˲ԡ
ĽӲأɳĮ֮һһӡȻͬ
ָоˡĮ
©һģ̲סһ
Ԩ
°ûлش
Ԩࡣ
£ֳ׻ˡ
֪ΪΣǸŴʦߵģ߳Įʮ·һգ֮䣬Ȼֻص˴˴
ʦѹģҹвܶĮ
һź飬ƾȥѰĮš
ˣ˳ŷ߼ʮȥ
Ǻܺá
ΧټĮΧǽԵһȦǰ򿪵ţҹɫȻʧ
˴Ѿһûţ޷Ĺ³ǡ
̧һɸߵΧǽ
˵һɸߣֻҪһŷɷ
ٻһŷȻһ
óԼСལ׼ȥСལãôҲ޷
˺ܾãֻȷ
ҹĻеĮ޷ʹ
ȵȡ
ֺȻһԼĽȡС롣
СʧЩʱˣȡõĻ٣Ƿų͸͸磬ɹɹ̫ϴϴġ
˿˫С룬˵С𣬿ܾܲۼ
СΧתһȦ󣬻Сɡ
СշʳȡĮ֮е
ʱСһ裬Ծ֣ת
һΣ׷һɸߵΧǽ
һ㣬ΧǽȥͬʱǰһȴĮ֮С
һΣžĮж˲ٵ
ܵ˭Ӽҹɡ
Ӽҵǹѿ
ѿϾҪɻˣϹܡ
֡Į֮д˻͵ƣһӱϢأӷг˲ˡ
Щ˶ǷˣƤԺڣŮǴĶϵʵĳȹЦӿΧǵغѿ
ֲˡ
ǡˣʿԣǲǡ
ûм
ǷˣôոֻΧǽ̶һ˲ʱ䣬ҲĮͷ档
ҹ֮кȻֳֵȺ˵Ĺ졣
϶ЦݣϲأΧֲܡ
СལСļͷЩ˷·𿴲һǵ׽ֵ֡
ѿиˣףҽʹˣȥһ㸣ɡðЩá
ǰ̻ҪĻϣΪء
ѿ
ѿ
ֲ˺󣬿ǱǧֻһȸŮУһǰ
ſڹһҲӥͼ
Ǵ򿪵ģиС߬Żѳ֣¶һЦ
ѿЩȥɡڵ㡣
ֵĽżѾſˡ
ꡣ
һֵļͷƮƮ˵ǧҪȥŶ
һ㶡
ôһ㶣ŮǶˣ
ѿЩȥ
ǰð̵Ⱦˡ
ڵء
ѿڷʲô
Ǹ˵ȥ
ֽʼյţδߡ
ͷ
ֻЩŮǣǴЦЦЩС
Χ
촽˶
˭
Ǹƺ̾˿
ѿ
Ѿ
Ǹƺ˵Щʲôȴˡ
ǰʼΣվȣڼ䣬˻һֻɫС
Сˤڵʱһȵؽס
ԼԼԴ˵ᣬǲǡ
л˵

⼸¶࣬Ŭס
~


147 
ʶģƬ, ſϤļϻ˻ŷԨ֪ʱĮ֮СĺԭȻ˳ȺС
Щƺֻü, Ȼֺö˶˵ŮˣһֻɫС˵𽥼
ѿ
, 𣿡
ȥҵҪʱ䡣
ԼЩȺ֮еЩѾ㹻Զ³һ, , Ԩء
ҡҡԴ
ЩѣС˶ܲʡ
Ԩ뱧, ̾
ֱ߬, ˵ϡԨʵı۰, 
ôˣ
ԴﻹκģɳĮʦžͻصĮ֮СĮﻹ˹½, ȻֵȺ, ѿ
, һ, Գѿ
طĺܹŹ֡
Ԩô֪ôҵ
ԨûлشֻǷ֣Ľȡҩ
ſϢƬ, صѣʧˡ
ֱ˿ַ̣ʼһ黯ӰӸ
塭Ǻ𣿺ҼĲһ
̧
ҹĮ֮, ЩǽϵĻ, л, һƬڡ
ͺñĮ֮еЩˣһǼĳһţ˴һˣһǡ
ѿ

ЩҪǸڿѿ˵ʲô̡
С壬ҽ
ѿİ黯Ӱӣ˿
ǹֲǹֵƮ˵š
ѿ
ֶ˶Լ⣺ҰѾ뿪ôϺȻͻˣ
컹δڵʱǾ뿪˴˴˼ʮһ۾ͻصĮ֮Сֻδ£Щ֪˴ô£ᱻڴ˴˰ɡ
顣
дѡһƷΪѿΪǸ޴ҡ
ѿƺ̾
߽ȥ̾ͻὫ£ͻΪЩӵˡ
һ㶡
һ㼦Ƥ
ЩӵڿѿŮǣһһܺߣ
ҧ´Ԩֱۡ
⺮簵ҹ֮УֻԨܸһ¶ȡ
Ԩƺ鲻ѣŴֻ§֣ѿ˵ʲôȤ
ѿ˵Ļֱ޷⡣Щ˶ܺߣȴҲڴ˴ȥΪһӵǵˣ
뵽һʣ
ҲЩŮѾˡ

Ϊ䡣Ŀǰ֪ԼľΨһһܸľѿ
飬Щһȥǡ
ѿƺһ¼˺ܾõĹܶࡣ
Į顣
Į겻ôСһʮ󡣵ʱĮźܶˡЩ˶Į
Į˵ϵҫף
ףǰĮҲǴ˴ɳĮֵġǵõģԳҽαף
α׻׼
ÿ׼һŮŮ֪飬ڱ˴ӵŷȥ
ѿġǰźĮȴΪ˺ѵƷȥ
Įе˷˻ְ취ͿʼȥƭŮ
ȴһ꣬ĿűƭŮȥ
ĮȻһ죬е˶ȥˡ
ѿƮĮϺܾãΪһжˡû뵽֮ɳĮеһŮޱѡУ䵽ҹĮ֮С
ΪµļƷ
־һ걻ѡеļƷ
ֻѿҲ֪ôѡеֻ֣֪ѡˣͻᱻϵ˴
ֳĬˡ
ԶЩһˣ˳žŻѣļٵĵҡѿ
ѿѾһšһĮȥƷ
ֳĬ˺ܾáɳĮ֮һֱڴʦʲôֵС¶ԵģҪмѭġûС
ȵȡ
ԥһ£ͷԼĽš
˿ĽѾˡ
˵Į֮ĽŲۡ
һ·Ҫ˵һһĵ㣬ǾĽۡ
ѵ˵ϵʹα𣿽ѡΪƷ
öӵΪ
ֵһ䡣
Ԩһˣֵ̧ͷ
ȷ
̧
ոԨⱻһζҲ׷ˣֻǻһʣô뿪
ʲôαףƷŶͷƤ顣
ȥһ뵽˶Ǽ֮ͽôһºѡ
Ԩɨһʡ
չһ£ɺ졣
ٵ̨
Ԩ䡣
Щ
ѿһߴߴ
ԣ̨
Ǳڼ̨ϵġ
һ·αס
ˡĮģαףץҲαסһеĸԴڼ̨
ҹĻеĮڻѵĹ£ӰצĶ٣Ű
ûжܡ
ܿ챻Щ׷
Щ˷·𿴲Ԩһζ΢Ц
ѿҪɻˣҪϹܡ
ѿȥ̰ɡ
̡ѿ˵̾ͻᱻꣿ
ĿԨ
ҪƾͼȥǸ
ԨƺЩĲɣĬĬע
ֲ֪ΪΣܾԨЩ̫Ծ
ԥ£Լ
߰ɡ
ǸӦô򲻹ְ⣬һŷƲܡ
ҡ
ֻ
Ԩ࣬Щ˿ȴԾóһλá
ЩŮӶЦݣһĻԵùˡ
Ԩƺߣ̧
ôһ˲䣬ںԨĿԵʱЩµġ
񡭡
һ̣Ԩͺ΢΢˵ͷ
࣬ؾһС
򴽰סԼеһЩСͷ
Ƚߵɡ
ҹĮЩ¡
µǴʦǻͷڣ᲻Ầ¡
һαӵŻص˰̵ķǰ
һûņ̃ż
ܿ죬ѣһϮ
ǰ
ãԨȵطס
ƺ̾

ֿ˾ͲҪֿڡ
ֺݺҧס⡣Ѫζ߬ԨŬԼ塣
ҿԡ
ۣѣаն˵ֿܵ
£˵ԨһС
Ȼû˵
һָо
ɳĮ֮еԨʼЩԵġ
ֲ֪ôˣֻҪôۡ
һˡһֻС꣬ʲôɾµġ
ַиԼʾſڵĹҲӡ
ӵķУͼڵĹҲ
һź̺֯
мѣ͵ƣҪһͷĴ̡
Ц֡
ѿһĻꡣ
ֽһһǰ
ʶҪģǸ·ҲԸȥô
ģһһǰȥ
̵ֱסֵͷʱ
ŮһСڡ
е̵ĺ
ֱػش𣺡ǸҲ̫ҵĻꡣ
Ԩһ࿴ǿŵڣ΢΢һ
ֵĶϵôв
۾һ
ǴȰɫЦѿ
ǰ̰ɡЦʣܸҼ̨ʲôط𣿡
˶٣Щزһ䣺ǲңҾ˺Ļꡣ
в״в˵С˵
л˵

£Ͼд̫ˣ뻹ȸˡ
쾡~
~
~


148 
ѿе֪, Į֮еȥꡣôҹֵģҲòǻˡ
пǴһƲлꡣ
ǲл˺飬Ǿʲôʣˡ
ִԨĿе֪вֶ, 𺳵ͬʱҲģѧһԡ
ײŮϵĺ, ԼֵžԷɱʵ
¶ԷֻһƲлꡣ
ƺסˡ˺һŲΡΡ˵ʹãʹðѿ˵ʲô
Ԩֱ˵Ըĺڡ
Էֻǻ, ˿ڲ̫Ӱ졣ǻᡭ
ʶ, ̵ĺڶʱһӡ
ȴûѪ
ɰ, ź˻Ƶغ, һʹ಻١
·ֱʱŷ, һλµǹᱻߵļƭ
޹ȴŹֶΡ
ЩǼƷǵϲµͬ, µȤ
긴, ŤĿ֡
, ֵСֱ³һ, סš
һƬл䣬۸ŮֱգΪ֮
֪Ƕ˵ˡԷ̨֪
鹴ˡ
̨ȥĵط
̽Ͱ˵ţֻȥ
ꣿ
»ЩѰ졣Ԩ, һ̨ûа취
·
Ԩ֪ǰֱ̿˵˵
ȻԸǰ·
һҪȥˡ
ֲ², Ԩô˵, ϶⡣Ҳҵ̨ˡ
ǰ̲϶, ̵̻ؿ֣ڳɡ
Ԩ֣һ³
һ㶡
ˡʱΪȥݾЩʦһԲε³ܲġ
Ҳ˵Ǹ³ܲذ̵Ļꣿ
ִӽзǸСԲ򣬲һľС
ƺתܣȴСľֱȡ˻塣
Сľڲһ˻ꡣ
˻壬̱СľڣţֻôӦȥ̨
ֳС𴸣ҿ˷ݺǽ
ʷһҾ͵һصȹմŵĻҳоСľȰ̴·
ԼĻ嶼У֪˺л겻ǿЦʵʵָ·
Į֮еĻѺЩӰһһó棬˽ţӵţԶ
ֲ뿪̵ķݣġӰΧ
˿̲Щѿвٵж߬Żѣ۾ӰУնʡ
ѿҪȥ
أ
õʲô
ѿȥ
Ĭһŷ
쫷
ҹ֮еĮһɿ硣
ɳ
ǰ׼ԼԨһֵеķɳЩġӰûôõöᣬ顣
ⳡʵЩˣֿһ۾ջߣߴŰȥҼ̨
ѿƺƮģһ˿ʼո
ҵһμܻŴӰ̷гˡ
ҪȥҼ̨ҵ˵Ļ˳һҵŹ𣿡
ֳջشһ䡣
á
ȻҲ֪ôȥֱͷǲѿģԼĹͷҲԼ֪ɡ
Į󣬰̵ĲлСľȥƺڲٵΧȦȦ
Ԩֱ֣ӹ
ԣСľĲл귢һ̴ٵĲҽССľʵˣֱһƬĺȥˡ
Į󣬵ΧǽһȦʱδ֣ﻹһͱķݳòһݡ
ԵķҪ߳һأҪһ㡣
ûš
װŰ̻Сľɵ˷Ա߾ͣˣ֧֧˵Ǽ̨ĵط
Ԩ´˴΢΢ס
һЩϢ
ûš
룬ֱС־ȥ
ټ̵ǽҲֵһС𴸵¡һǽڼ˸ԴһУ¶˱еļ̨
⿴ֻһݡ˵еĿռ䲢󡣵ҿǽŷ֣ʵء
䷿ĴСտӲֵĵزŸΪֵͼ
ƬڵĿռУһԼһɳɿļ̨
̨ڵҶɾҵԨʱǸ
Χĸ̨ס
˵һģǾǼ̨£ð׹ǡ
ѿĬƬ̣Ȼ̾˿
ҵĹͷͱ˵ĹͷҲûʲô𡣡
ֲ֪ôοѿ
һμɶѵĹͷ
׹ɽ
ܵĮĶ
һһƭŮѻĶ
ˡ
̵Ļֱʱ򻹱Ž
˴ֻܿǡ
Ԩֱ̧֣Сľϡ
һָ̣оСľڵĲлѾʧˡ
ջ֣¶˵ߡ
ֿһۡ
Ҳûжʣ̧С룬ȫ׼̧˽ȥ
һ߽ȥͷ˺ĽȻͬ
䣬˲һƤɭɭ
˴ŨѪЩڴ˵ǻ۵ĳɺѪ
˼̨
ôģҲôǰ׼ԼСȥǼ̨ɢܣȻǰͱһǽֵ⡣
˵ֻܽȥ
ǽȥˣ
߬С𴸣һʱ仹벻İ취
ûԣ
ֻ̧ǽӣ͸ȴܿϨ
û㹻˺Ŀ
ֻ
վԨһ˫Ǽ̨˵̨Χɢɽ׹ǣ۵׸ֳ
ĽȥС˵ô죿
ԨǻȫϨ𣬹ʧ˴ʱһ

Ŷһ
ûбİ취Щвʵġ
̫񶾣ѾһߣǸαף飬ÿ궼ẦһŮޡ
һеһУ޷̵Ķӡ
ĺ뽫ﳹ׻ȥ
ꡭ𣿡
ֻ˼⣬ѿʣ˺ܶܶ꣬ڣɡ
һ㶣
ֻһ黯Ӱӡѿò
ǡİɡ
ֻشҲЩԥûо֣ȣԨ
Ԩһüꡣ
ˣﻹһꡣһĮŮޡ
ȥɡ
ѿƮţԥԥʣҪôܻ˼̨
Ҳ֪Ԩֱ˵˵ѻۣļ̨굴顣
һ㶡
˵ǻסɢ
ѿһʼûзӦĬ˺һ˼
ǲǻ˼̨Ҳûˣ
Ԩûƭֱӵͷ
ҲЩ
ѿæѿˡ
ѿԼҲ֪ˡ
ԥ˺ܾãǷֵߣС˵ҶôˣˡɣһҵĹͷȥǣƽϿׯҡҼˡǰҾС
ѿ˵ȥʦŶţʦҲء
˵˺ܶ࣬˵ǳׯСŮ֮ʱ·ʿ֣ǲҴȥɣӴ̤С
˵˶ܺãʦŶܺáһʼҲܺãֻǺҪ
Ͳʱ˵ʱ䳤̫ˡ
û˵Щûһûо
ǵһŶˡ
ѿ̧߹ǽͷЦ
һֻƯĺꡣ
㶵ؿ
ѿڴǽʱڿˡ
黯ѿһԲܿɰŮͲ۾崿Цʱڼɰá
ôһԲŮƭȥ꣬ϸ뱻ƭŮҪ롣
ھһ
ҲΪȵˣ׳ԼĻǡ
ѿ˳ĴںȻȼУ̨ϵ
ﱻ˼̨
ӲϵĵزŤͼƿʼʡ
ջһ󷨡
ֲǰһ
֣߬лԲĳ
ǹڼ̨ϡ
·һ˲䣬˼̨ϣһ˲䣬ֿһűˣоһֵֹķŹ⡣߶ʲô
ֻһ˲Ǻ۵˾ʧˡ
̨ϣѿ忪ʼ黯
˲䣬вϱ
һ˲䣬еԲ׳
Ĺɢ
̨Ѿķѣ˲Ⱦ˲ѪۣǶڴ˴ǡ
ĸмѣ
׹ɽãôһֿ̣һʻŮź£ڿޣЦ
ԶĮеЩȥ꣬ںУڿ
вŮ־ѣŴᡣ
һɢ
ԲĳصС
Сľһ֦ѿ
Ԩһ֦ѿ⡣
֦߬ѿãȻؿԨ
ǡѿġ
Į
Ԩ˵
߬Ƶ֦ѿ
ˡ
Įſǿƺȥܾõ
ĮһȥŮСĲлЩʲôϵȥֹ
ܿĻӰģҲֻͬΪ֡
ֳĬؿһƬеİ׹ǡ
Ҳ֪ѿ˵ģׯСŵСӡ
ǸѣȴĮеŮɡ
ڵһֱЩ׹ǡ
ȥ̫꣬ܶͷȫȥ֣ЩŮǣõԼź
ԨҲڰæֻЩ׹ʱЩյۡ
治ɫŹǡ
֮ʣճ
ƬɳĮɫĳ֡
߸ߵΧǽĮŮǵ²סĳ
սˡ
ԨҵһССİ׹ǣװϻеݸ֡
ָսӹϻӣɳ
߸ߵΧǽϣԾµŮһѱסе֣ҧгݵˣȻ۸ʦã
Ƚиܳһ֣͸ð˩ϣ˼ҿʹ۸
ûڴʦĻЦ
һҹʱ䣬Ƕھܵ
õҹźҲܰѿԸˡ
ֺިһһ·˵Լϵ顣
Į֮ѾһˡһεĿһˣģû꣬ûαף˼̨ҲûẦһŮ
ި
ֵط͸ȫˡ
ިǸģȽиͿռȻި뷨ȥֱ󷨣˷ﳹ׳ΪһϢ֮ء
뿪ʱĮųˡ
ûйأš
ڲһ
ǿԭͺͺģ·ʱ⿴ͷðһöССѿ
Ҳ
߳ĮֵĽҲˡ
һγˣʵʵԨߣӰӣԲԼһʧڴǰ
һغȻһ¡
ʦ㣬أ
Ǹô
ިһ㶣ͣ½Ųһ
Ƚи겦Ūͷ˵˳ɻԭĵطǡ̫ˣǵĽŲ
ǳǮˣһ˼ӿŲ˼ʱߵިǷֲ˵ĵط
ǶһƬɳ
פĵطһƬɿݵɳݡ
˿ƬɳݵΧмʿϢǶضһˡ
ֻҶģδЩˡֻﲢδֶĵټ
˳ΧһȦڵʰһƬë
ǳɫƯëȾһ㲻ĺɫ
ӽֱ۳һƬ޴ë
Ũ
־ëިҲ⣬˹ӵŵ֡
¶ˡ
ިһСӰ˳ץˡ
Ԥϣëݸި
ȥǸ񣿡
һӦûġ
Եȡ
ިɨֺԨ°͡
ôֱȥ̫ˡҸҪȥˣǮȥ
֣ô˵أǴʦ㡣
ˣǲô
ިֵıСʦãȥɡ
ȥ
ԥƬ̧̣Ǽȥˡ
һߣԨˮңεȥ
߽ˣ⼸ʿΪͣ͵һǽ𵤡һΪġ
һŮУŮӿȥᡣ
ֽŲͣŮǰ
ҪſڣŮ޵ߴеһֳԣϤС
Ůߺߴأýεεʣλѣʲô𣿡
ֻ
ȻԨء
ŮȻǿԨ
С㣬
ԱߵһʿǰŮǰ
ɨִ֣Ŷñտ塣Ǹ忡˿С
ȷĶ
ֿһԨٿһŮޡ
Ҿʣ費Ҫȥֻǽӻ
˵գִҴ˵˾䣺ҪҲûϵˡ
ҪתŮ˵ҪҪģ
ŮǸƴֵģ˵ֱȡһžʯһ
Ҫҡ
ŮָԨ
Ԩɴؾܡ
žʯЩ𾪡Ů޵ʲô̧־һžʯ
Ǯ׵ĵز˰ɡ
Ů޿ԨƬ̣һתָ֣Ҫҡ
һ㶣̧ͷŮٺһЦ
Ҫ粽Ŷ
л˵
ˡ
״̬þûи£дһ㡣
ԪҲ࣬Ӧܾͺõˡ
Ŭȶ~
ҿܼܲӸ~


149 
ֵһȥ, һžʯĴ⣬ɰިֻˣԼСʦƵŮ޸ǰ, ظ֤
ģҼСʦһ粽롣
ҪСʦ༫νǮõ, ԼСʦҲС
ިİ壬¾ô
ŮԳûУǮࡣǺúչ
һ־һžʯ, Ƹʿһܿ, Ǯ
ֻҪǮ, ûв, ôӾõˡ
һ˾ô, ˳źۼȥѰ
ΪָĻʵʵŮ޵
ﵹȣֱӿ첲, ǵ⡣
ֶûж˽ⶼشˡ
һ, ֪, ŵ, Լ߶ʦʦ㡣
ȥҲΪһͬеˡ
ɳĮɳݵز࣬ĶһЩȱĸͻĿݲݣһ־ԵĵضΡһ, ǶĽ֮ǰ˻֪ȥ
һ, ֵ˾ͿʼѰĺۼ
һһʱǰִɳϢ, ֮ǰѾʧˡǶıץһʱϡ
ź˳һ䣺һʱ, ʲô
˴ɹָɣҲûˮԴûϢĵطôӲһʱ
ٺһЦȴûлشֻ˻⡣
ǲشˡ
Ҳֻôһʣûʼоô
һʱµҲЩǳ׷ȥһ·ʧ
ިѾĴڣᵽһģҲˡ
Դֱ˺һֻΧ˷ǳҪѡһѡ
ɳĮߵľˣԴ϶Щֱ治巽ֲӣΨһһᵽľˣߴǶĵСҪˡ
£ռ淨õϵġ
ֽ淨˷ϣ̧ӳ
ɢһ쫷硣
ʱɳɳ졣
һʱʧЩҪǺһڣԨӦ죬ֽ̧СקԼУ̧ӵֵ
Ӧ죬ûбɳǺţ˷ӦûôˡһʱûܿӦԣֻިһץռ˵˶ȷɳۣһɳ
ޡ
ݵķڳ˶һ޵
Ƚиü䲻Ƶ֡
Сʦã볢һɳζ𣿡
ֻԨУڵ㳾ûȾϡһԼʦʦǻͷӣӡ
Ҵˡ
ʱӳʱȫɳĮ½ŽȻͬĵƵòΪ£벻
ҲǱŪһͷĻҳ˰졣
Ψһĺôǣɢץһĺۼ
Ƿڿе࣬ò׽ġ
ǰ·ߵÿ죬ʼձ̲סʡ
ʲôˣ
Ԩδش𣬶Ǽӿ˽Ų֮һ֮ң
ֻųĶߵÿ죬ȹһһΣ·Ƶ
ԨĿʼϣȫע
Ųһ٣һԼ׻Ǯˡ
һ·ĿҲպܻرɡ
ﻹ֧ëѰŷеķԽԽԶСʱľ룬Ÿо˲Ũ
ǰԶһƬľԡ
ɳ֮һݣȴɳĮ֮кС
㲻ϴֻѰһشСɳĮ֮ѾǺܺˮԴˡ
СΧһЩСںˮؽŵɳУŶ䣬нŲһѾֻܵʣӰ
Ҳһȷڴ˴
֪ɳĮеĺܸˣͷָźԨ˵ֻǲǻ
ˮֲһ˵һõط
Ԩˣûеһʱ𰸣ֻȥϴ𣿡
ɳĮ߼ʱȻжܸһЩȶȣָ¸Ļ£Ǻ׸ɿȱˮġ
ֵͷӦˡ
һ˵ִԣӡ
ص
Ũеëࡣֻبĵطˡ
ިŽ£һˮ
ˮ̫ɹöȵġ
ִߣʿرԾ׼ˮңˮȣȴǽһӽˮСܿ죬ˮﳤһ仨
˹˹ǶȻſˣ²޽ǡ
ڣȫȻԵʿɳĮеĽš
̤ĴС㡣
Сѣ
֡
ָմԼҴʦе֪Щ䡣òҵ˴ģû뵽ûҵﺰǿ߹ȥˡ
ѣ
ֻëҡ
ץһʯֵУҲܶ٣̯Ҫֻë
û뵽ϼëǮ̸
ҲĲˣܿ챻ʯĿָǡ
Сʦá
ިֺ
˵سިȥ
رԾʯ˴ʦ㡣
ިʯ˿ԼСʦá
úܺáȻûϢǻȡˮġǾڴ˴ȡ
ި˷Ը
ֵȷҲˡֻͶˣŨľƬСżЩľһЩɿбķ׷Ѱ
ֻܱ취ˡ
һһںԵöһЩʱ
˵ĴҹȽиֱһ󷨣˶֮ڣϢ¶
ɵͷ϶֣ᷢﻹһȺˡ
ԨڽôˮɳһӲСʶ
˴ҪܵһŵĵطһƬɳûеطԨܣСиŵĵط
ˮ˵õĻ٣ǲ֪ôˮһʹá
ԨӺȡˮ׼ںõɳһĴһԲʵ״
ֻͦˣĴ߳͡
û뵽һ£Բ״ɳֱɢһء
̧ͷԨ޹
ôôģû
Ԩֽɳˮᣬʹӡ

ƶǶһΡ
һСԲ˴״ˮΪ²ι̣һ˱
һɳСԲʾˡ
ֺ˷ܣΧСʶ˺һȻԲÿһԼСʶ
СȥҲ֪ԵĵʶȣΡ
ָֻ»ͽӲû˵С
ԨУеʣôﲻԣ
Сɫ̫ˣɵÿǲʶʲô⡣
֧֧죬ʲôҲû˵
˵ԨôߣɫͲԣʲô˼Ρ
ΣֻøɰͰһ䣺ƨɡ˵꣬СЩ졣
ȷɳСᡣʱ̱ű䡣ȥʱ򣬴β׵󱳶˼Ƥ
Ԩ߲ɸеߡ
С꾯طֱ
ʲô㿴
ԨջߣۺЦ⣬ֻ̧ԼС£̯֣ұ㡣
һ㶣ϸ
㲻𣿡
Ԩиһ˿Ц⣬С꺦ߣ⴫ܣ֪ҪҪһȷ
ַӦ׺ݵصһۡ
˭˭Ҫ
СԨָ˸ĺ󣬳Ϊ˺ˮֵӲʡ
ިѾرԾһѧᣬ˶ŵλá
Ԩֵ齡
ˮɳӣһʱɫ𽥰ʱһһ˵Ҳָĳˡ
²ĴС齣ҪȥһԣǱ߲һ·Ц֡
ѣҰɡ
С齻һʯ
СʣʯֵüЦ
Ǯ󷽵Ĺ˰ɡǮ໹ùͨá
Ǳߵﲻ֪ȡһ׽ϣ޽ŻϣɳĮ֮УǺԵá
Сѣʲô𣿡
֡
ظش𣺡ֻҪĶԣ
ʲôء
ŴЦüһתЦָָԨ
ǡ˯һǮԡ
һ㶣һʱû˵ʲô
գۣüۺģ켫ˡ
ƺˣҧ
ԨЦⲻôֱ·˵ʲôԡ
̻ͷض˵
ɴء
ʲôôⶼС
ﻹȡһأէڡ
ܲ
ֲָڡ
©һġ
һֻϤ˿
Ҳ࣬ضߡ
жˡ
л˵
ˡ
ûյȵļĻţû״ֻ̬д


150 
ɳĮ֮еĺҹúȻ, ǺҹаպƳֵŨ
߬Ԩ֣ضźҹաʲôڲ׹, ިһŭճģʪĶ䡣
ܸоʲôͲͷƤɹˡ
ֲָĺڰһ, ޷ȥֱǵʲô
ǿĻΣûκλġ
ҪȻֵĶʲô
ָһŻǵĻܿ챻һɷ紵
Ȼܿ챻Ϩ𣬿ֶһƳǿˡ
, ˵, Ѫȵ, ϸ׹䡣
ݵһƳһθ, ߬Ԩ, ڰ֮Уɫɵ÷ס
ҶйȽ, ׼󷨡ʦ֡
ިɴԸȥ
һȽипռ, ˶ϵĺ֡
Ƚиܿʹһ, ռ
һơĵ, о봦ء
һǱ, ӳȽиĽ硣
˵˶֮ܿǰӿµЩѪɫۻࡣ˿˲ǵĽű, ˿һ۶ɫס
˽, ЩͲ˴
ɿеѪ̱, Χš
ڳûһɫõġʿɫ̫á
С㣬ú
һʿһȻȴȹָܵǰ
˵Ҫҵģ
۾ﻹһЩţȴǿмֵࡣ
Ԩһֵ֣ͼڶλãֵĸ첲
궼һĻŪò̫ãôҲû
ިѾץһʿ뿪˽磬̽顣
һɿԨ֣Ȼһһ£ﵹǺˬſ
½ĵط󣬾ںԵһСƬľɳӲʶ齡
˿̵һƬѪۣЩġɢĬĬ˸ȫ£лпպУȡһװ𣬶͵ؽպɳС
ԨĬĬôֻȡһˮϴվ㶵ضɳʱһָһָùȥ
㿴𣿡
ֺȻ˵ʮָɬЩ
Ԩ֪˵ʲô˼
ֽ̧ܵŵС§ԼС
꣬ܿɣûµġ
ֿԨĻУһΧƺ˵Ҳз粻ϴӶߴ·ȥһС
һĻȻǸһۼ
ԨƬ̣Ŵ˵µһɫ
ڴʱިǸʿˡ
ިɫأŽ϶Ѫ
ǽʿɫѿܵ˾ţһߵߡ
С㣬ﲻܴǵߣ̾ߣ
ﻹνʣôΣգ
ިִ˴Ѫ΢ʰˣĿϡԨ§ţţƺ
ިԨһۡ
ʲô
ռ˿̷ʡ
ިջ˼һȡ˸Ӳһ˵иòô棬ץˡ档
ҶǸոոܹж಻ģû˵ֻȽи̾˿

ʦɱ𣿡
ᵽިɫЩá
ûСڿУó̫ð졣
Ƚи󶼿ɣռר䶷ܰĶǸԵģҪĶһֻܿިˡ
Ͼ༫ˣһ޸֮
ҳȥһ¡
Ԩިʹ˸ɫ
ͬʱеިķơ
ިһ㶣ǰҪԼСʦãγѣ̧һ߬ԨҪʲô
ԨĿԣԥ£ƭҲ˵ʵ
ҳȥһ£ܿ
СֹϾܾϻˣܶ֡
ָոʵһĻŵЩһԨҪ֣˲ˣҵ취֮ǰľܲҪ־ͲҪ֡
Ҫ֡
Ҳǲܴ
һ侲̧ިʦ㣬ȥ
С
ȴԨިͬʱ˵ġ
СʦãⲻϹ֡ӴƤ񵽽ǹ롣ިüͷ˵ҺòײһЩɸҲԽɱ
ǵӣçײ¡
侲ʦ㣬˵ڿУк˵ķҿڿСܵÿ죬򲻹Ҿͱԭδ׷ҡ
οҧŴԽɱԽá
ȻһۣǴµѪۡ
ިƬ̡
ոһĻŵС꣬˿жǼᶨȻЩ£ǶķŭһС
ިѲסÿˡ
Ԩüͷ΢ԥ˺ܾá
ɿ֣ȥ
Ϊ֣ȥӴ׶
ȥ
ԨΣա
˵ȶµࡣ
ͷ
֪
ЩµģҲûô¡
˵򲻹ܡ
һˣǾ׬
Ԩɿ֡
ȥɡ˵
ǰ·ΣգȥͲ
ǡ
ŷȹŷƮƮ
ս⣬ڼҹĺڰ̧ӳʮź顣
ǵ㻯һƬӡ
Ũģ̱ǵѪζ뿪һ˲
סŷѰ
ʵ̫ȥңǾ޴ͣںϿա
һͷ޴һɿ˵壬ȷһԳȴǳªޱȵᣬѪˮ
Ǹ͹乳죬Ȼһżĳ
Ѫ⡣
צ»С˵ǻһ˵Ļֻʣ°븱
ֿһ۾ʹҴջߡ

һС
Ҳԡ
Ҳ֡
ССӰǹ⣬һս⣬ĿᶨĿȷأֱϣ
˻һһչ쫷磡
ɵڿз˸ͶһŻ
ͱѿ˳ӣ쫷ȴ۾תͷɢǻ
𹥲ȡ
ֺܿ췴Ӧ̴ӽȡٷһһŻŷλӳ
빻ԶӦֿ죬ʹֵ֪ȴƣڶԸЩܺܿ֡
˺һˡ
ȼ͵ķＸ첻˺Ϊᣬ׿СҲǶԸѴڣ˿ȴûгֵĻᡣ
ԥƬ̣ӽͳ˺˸ֻ
ȶҪĳ򻹿죬ֻк˵ˡ
һŨϢ˳ë
עһԾϡ
վϣҷƮҡ
ƺֲϵĶŭˣһͷֳ
һȣ
ֽ̧ռķϡָڿһһд
̫̫ķЩ컭Ӧ֡Щá
һŻ׷˺ѼҹİաϺ׵ֱسȥ
׵Ŀ־ӡеġҲ⣬ɿת򡣶ͳһ£ڵ
۾һУ˲ֻ֪֮
ӽзһŵҩԥ£ֽռļ淨ȫϡ
ͬʱѾٻҪķ
׵˲䣬óȥ˲׻ɿ
ͬʱһصϢֱϮȥ
ĸȻһŷ͸
쫷аϣĿ⾼
߿Уĳªƺôһɲǵ͡
󡭡
СɽһӴҷһ˲
ʧ
ҧ´ֱֱ˿̲ŷʼסѾͷ͡
һԴһ衣
ط
ץסƮƮϵ䡣
׼ԨС
͸֧΢أΨ۾財
Ԩ
ȴã㿴𣿡
Ԩصͷͷġ
ҿˡ
ǻ̽ǰСӾϣػۣ
뿪༫֣ǳԭסĳ򣬷ҡֱϣƾ
貣ҫۣ޷ƿߵĶĿ
̶һʱ䣬ЩԼһѧģһĳɳ
˶٣ؿ֡

õ佱һ㡣
ˣ𣡡ֺȻǿǺ͸ġ
һ£ԨӦ죬̱շȥץ
δץȴдһ
̶Ѫ
һ̣ɫչ
ĳ񣬿Ѫ
л˵

ϼӸ~


151 
ּǵԼ񿴼һֻƯ塣
ɫںҹз·һ, ߸ʱѪ
ֻﻹź˸
ǵʱǺڵġ
ͬ, Ȼһ־޴Բ¹ںϿգ͸ںУһ˿Թ
ϡһ
ͬ, оŵضн
űһ𡣴˴˼齣Ƚиһһ
ިںߴռ鷢, ˯ô, ʿǵΧࡣ
Ԩأ
ƮƮ, һЩ, Щûվȡ
Ϊʵ, ǿз˵ҩּ˼ѻһ𻭳, ֱͿ, ޷֧, ѻ˯˹ȥ
˯֮ǰ, ǱԨס˵ġ
Ǹķ
ܣںԵһӰҵԨ
жξ룬վ, ƺڶź淢
Ҳо˹
ܿ, Ԩ̧˻
ֱŽ, Χ˯˯, ĴԨ߽Էѹ
أ
ȷֻ̽ټڸõ䡣ǿǺ͸ģڿгһĴڡ
ԨָָĽҡ
Żȥˡ
ַʣ˵ֻѾ뿪ˡ
˿ͬʱЩź
ôƯĳδ
ǳɫһȣ˺˵ǰʱſһᡣ
ǳªȻͬ
ּƯ壬žǺ˺;һƳֻˡ
Ԩ࣬մȾһˮĳʪͱ䡣
ֲ̫ϲġû˿룬ֽ̧Ԩϡ
ɳĮеҹ²󣬰յҹУͳ˺ı䡣
Ԩδܾ˲ϹŽͷһԲ£ǺˮżĹ๾ࡣ
ƽ
ֱ۾ĬϢƬ̣ٶʱȴԨ˫ۡ
˯ɣʲô˵
һ㶡
ȫԨġ
ºƸ۽ޣ·ĸЩ⡣
أ֮ǰĶϢֲԥƬ̣˳ӵرۡ
ֻǱۣԨɿֵһ̣Щŵ̧סԨ
΢΢üţ
ֲ߬δſ
ŷ֣ԭԼѾǳªĨɱ֮ǰһĻ̫صӰ죬ҧŴ˵Լ¡
㡭Ҫҵ㡣
С˵
ԨڣجεĻҲᱻѰɡ
Ԩ·ˡ
ûֵ֣ϵһƣ֡
ұ˯
ţ
ŴʵЩԥ
Ԩԥֲ˾䣺ĺССģܱһ
ֲԥˣ̻ΪԭԨС
Ԩвȥһʵλãβ¡
°ʹβͼ⣬ֻС̳һСԲš
Ԩһ֣С걧ȵ
ŽǻС
Ԩ̧һ磬˷еС
ͷ֣ɵô
Ѿܾˣûô˯ˡ
ںϡ
С䶶˶ûֻۣβͼɨɨȥɨԨһ
ԨЦ
֮ʣԨ﷭˸ȻΡ
ųɫȹŮ¶źβſԨĻУ˯ԴȺ
Ԩһβܼˡ
Щͬˡ
ʱһϼ˸Ӽ˺ðŴӱ
ͷЩɡ
κ˸ǷԷȹȥϴ
ɳĮ֮дɳֻ˳Լͷɢġ˺ü峾ŰͷеĳҲ췢ɢͷˮصԡ
һҹֻʣպڵľ̿
мѾˣިѾȽиĺȥ׼ȻȻˡ
һȦûҵԨ
졣
˵ҪġһۿҶҲ
ƭӡ
СһһȦֻص˺Զ¡
һҹЩС֪һЩĺۼҿǾͽΨһˮԴһҹ̽ѾȻȺںߺˮһֱźʱ׼ܡ
˴ûκвҲüܻ̽С
ֶںʱֻӴҡھ಻ԶŶſںߺˮ
ȫġ
ֻܲ죬༫ӿǺµģɳĮеӿ浨
ǳӵġ
ֱϥ̧ȥһӡ
һɸߣգ۾ʹڵĲӰˡ
Цüʶ
ԨһƬҶ˹
ҶʢżϺɫ
ɳĮ֮Уˮӯӯɫ䱦һĺԨ֪ȥŪãݵֱߡ
ֻǵûпԨ¶أֱŤͷȥһۡ
ƭûп
СҲǲ˵ġ
־ԼܵƭҿûجΣһҹεȻҪ˶ۿԨ֪жء
ȹܵިȥˡ
ŽʹʦȻȻҲԸԨ׼
ԨεؿԶ֡
֪ڱŤʲôЩ£û˵

ѡ
Ԩ
ԨתĮɨ
޽һʵĻҲÿЦ˱Ȼ
ֵѿСϣѿҪҰһ
ԨԴֱӾܾá
С֮䣬Ҫκ˲͡
Ԩת뿪һƬ½Ƕû
ﲻɶ˶š
֪뵽ʲôһ
̫ǳǳůɳĮϣި׼
ɳݵصĺɫëԲǸªģ˳ǸƯĳУǵü׷Ѱȥǳˡ
˶öñ˼ʹյǰֱۣ˵ֵѣ
ҹ޴ʱĿˣǷްɣҼķˡ
ϲ˿䣬һŴЦ
ֵôʲôǶֵ
ֻǫһ£Ҳǣѧ̫ˣΪȽǳ
ֵǧǫҶҪ޵ˡ
˵ЩֵüЦ
ˡ
ֹЦͷܵ˵Ȼô¿ɺãʯ˵ҪٶС
ȴȻԴˡ
ʯֻıһ㶼漰޷ӦԵ顣
֮ǰ˵ҪԨ
˯
ˣ˵
̰ѵߵĻת˸Ȧ
Ҳʲô鷳£Ȼ۽ʪ󣬼Ҫʵزûжٺӿɹˡ
ҳô󣬻ûм˵أʲôˮ֮һ룬ǿϧ֮ʡ
ֽ¶סˡ
峿Ĺ⻹ֻͣŶñϵĶӰڶñµա
־ҦһЩŮޣôһ˵ѵⷽ淴Ӧ졣
ʲô
ס˻ͷĳ嶯
ڸԨأܿ
ǡҲ˿
룬ҪͰѶɡ
￴һЩʲôŴµ뷨̾
ҹѿʷӢˣʵ顣
侲룬Ȼ
Ԩ뿪˳༫ݣߵﶼŮǵϲ
ֲ죬ܲȥ˼Ѱɣûñ˵ʲôë
ֶԤˣȴﻰһת
ֵѾͲͬˣѵͬ顣
ҳֵָѣȥѣһΣٸң
򴽽ǣЦֵ֮£Ը˵ôһԸٳһپʯ
Σ⣬
л˵
~
~


152 
Ǻ, ɴؾܾˡ
Ҫ
еǮ׬еǮġ
ôôܿѡԨ·Ǯ
̫˼ˡ
롣
, ܵިȥˡ
ٺһЦǴֵķӦв²һ
ԭֻǺ崿Ĺϵ
Ԩˣڶ
Ѱҳ񻨷˲ʱ䡣еȶ, ֣Ҳ޷ʱʱ̲̿׽ĺۼߴʱ
һҲ˲ʱ䡣ˣ, ֶûԨ߿벽
ʼި, ٲ, ҲȽиꡣ
СʦͷӶ˵Щʲô, ־ڿʱ˼ֵֹ, һըըĿˡ
ֻᱬըСŪ, ʱȻֵӭͷػ
Ҳ֪ʲôһ·ѰŵǺ, Ϊû뵽ﵹɱ, ǲһʧĵطгë, Ǿֻܼȥ׷񡣿ֹһΣƫȴ֪ңʼնźۼ, һ˼춼Ҳ
һУҲҪߵĮĵĵشˡ
Խ, ɳĮԽ䡣
ɳݵسʱ, ߳ʱ, ܲһ硣
ɳĮ֮еķּķҪɲ
ǵصĻɳһһģԶǿ̧ʱǷԶɳĮͷ·һգ۾͵ִߡ
Ǽصľ޴ĳʲôҲ壬ǰֻлɳ졣
쫷֮£Ҫվ嶼һ׵¡
ֺȽиſһ磬Ƿ˵ƿ˴ġɲ֪ΪΣƺᴩ磬쫷缸Ѻ׼С
ַӦ죬̧ȥץ⻹Ǽʿ̵ǰòײŰһﱣ
ֱ˿̣ȽиϵɲʧǷðһ
̫ǳ˵ġ
赲˶١
ǿķŴһһʿЩܣҲҵˡ
ֵĶñֱӷͷոЩһڻɳ˺ü
ިɫءʲô޷ֿȻֺ֮ɳĮе쫷磬ިҲ޲ߡ
Ƚи赲һУȴ޷赲Ȼ֮쫷硣
ǶЩǱ
һ˰ſŽλһһķӳռıķڵڶִ֮ǰһ
ȻֱӳƣЩ׼Ŀռߡ
ΪףԼǧ׹˼ڵأ˷
ڵڶִ֮ʱΪĽץأſðġ
ĺܺãλϮǲ̫ġԽԽȫġ
ǵڶִ֮ʱССһźֱӱɡ
ֻ绩һ·ɳȥ
СжûгһС
һֱ̣С
ˤͷתֺòվȣ˻ԴԨε
Ҳ룬СŶ㡣
λãСôƴģһͷҡֱϾˡ
ֲ죬ھ͵ŷɳȥ߿̺ˡ
վȣź䡣
ֻŰܸܶλķ磬εĽСѰĴ綼ܴο˻ص쫷硣
ȴԨסˡֻƺŲٿľСɳĮʯ
Ŷ̫ƽʲôԨУҲֻСۡ
Щת˼Ȧ̧ͷһҧԨֱϡ
˻Ԩƺһڣܡ
ҧҧ
һſ죬صһڡ
ҧҶٴΣҶҧЩһҧȥҿӦ죬ݣǺֱһ¡
βɨɨԨֱۣװû졣
ԨҧһڣǵöۣɲǷծ
һƬһƬǽ塣Сʱֵȵļ٣ڲűɿһ졣
С̴ΣЩûվȣԨһš
վȾ
ǰһɵǽǽƺĴݲУ˿ֻʣһЩжϵڣҲ֪Щǽ֮ǰɶٴκһδĵֵ
£ި˶Ǳһſڵϡ
лŲٵķ˲ǿһûбߡ
ȽиǱɳĮеĿˣͣ૵ҵôûأ
Ȼ󷨽ûеֵסǽ÷ǽֵǳŹСʱ
˿̷ɳɢյʧǻָƽ
ֲ̧ԼͷԼļվǱϵĻҳżȻͷ֣Щ졣
ֵѣոô㣿
һΪǲǱ紵ˡ
ֻʱ֮ʣûע⵽Ρ
ިֻҪԨ״̬֪ްδ⣬Ҳﲻ֪֡
ָָԨ
󡣡
˵š
ϡԨôʡ
ּװûͷա
ɳƺ졣
ûֵҲֻܰΪɳĮе쳣ˡ
ͷȴʦ㰲ϢƬ̣Ǽ̳
ިǱÿռóһһĶ˺һ
ȻҪЩǽбھͲҪˡ
ިǽޣҲýͶԼʦʦ°͡
Ƚи껹ڴУֻʣȻˡ
Ҳɴֱ࣬óԼСߵǽԣһô
ǽڻΪɳɢһء
һʲô˳ɢǽʧأֱӵֵĽϡ
ŵЩûԭ
δضǵϵġˡ
ûһˡһѪŮڣݹᾣ˵΢
ȻıһިߵıҲŽ
һɳ˵ŮިһǱԶģˤǽϣǽ
Ůƺǻˣǻһ˿ʶ촽˶˵Щʲô
ԥ£ս
ʶŮ˵ʲô
˵ʲô
ʲô壬ϵǿ죬ӽһŵҩιŮ
ƺЩŮ̧ץץֵ
졭ܡ
αס˹ʦ
һ㶡
ʦ
Ҫ׼޶ȴĮ
ٻӡ
Ůһ˿Ѫʹֵ|һ
롭
񡭡񡭡ˡ
ᡭ
ֻδӦިѾһ
ˡިֶۣɫ䲻á
󡭡ǹʦ
л˵
~
~


153 
ֽﻹмŵҩ, ŮӶ̶̼˻ԣָι˼ŵҩǿռ鿴, Ůаȥķա
ռ鲻ѧҽģޡ
ƳֽۣԼĽȡһ߰ҩ, ŮϷ
ֱֲ֪ԭǸҽޡ
Ůӹһҩ࣬֡
ҩԣС
ŮӼĿ, Լ֦ɼ׵ļ, Ůӱڱϡ
ިԴʦ, üͷʼս塣
Ҳ֪Լʦǹʦ, ʦ޶ȴĮʧȥټŮӿеα׵õ˹ʦ᲻ʦ㱻ץˣ
ϢҲ
ʦ䵽α, Ƕʦأ
ʦֵ涼ţ֪׷ʲô
а
޶ȴĮ֮вŵܣлҪࡣ
ިЩ, Ŷ˼Ƭ̺, ȻǵÿЩҵ󡣳, ֻܱˡ
, ҲǾֻܰѳǡ
¾͵ÿ֡
Ψһ壬е˳һ, ǾһΡ
˫ֽӡͷ
ȡ
Ǻ˵ĳɣֻ񡭡
ûж룬עɵգ硣
ֽŵض
ǣҲĻ
ɳ裬ԶɳƺһЩӰټɳĮм΢ϡ
̧л룬˻Σ÷ϵϢɢ˳ȥ
ϲǺ˵ϢҲ塣һ˳
ĵȴš
һΪãԭصһʱ
ǰճķٶȣó˲ǡ
ûг֣ǲһγֻ⣿
ֵûеȵЩ
ǵȲô죿
߻˼⣬ǱԶӰ𽥿
һȺʿ
˶ųֳֽɳĮبЩˣŶЩͷġ
߽Щ˷ִ˴ֻ߰˸ˡɵ÷׷ʵ
˴ոտдû
ǿûĺۼ
һ㶣ͷԨһۡ
Щ˿
ǲǿԼװһ¡
ިӦҲ죬˵иɹ
һʿ˵Ǿûˡ
ǸСӱץͷ˿񣬷ɵ˴Ҳ
˵գʿʣʲô
Сĸֵʱ㶡

ֻ֪ڽĮ֮ǰǳϢ˵߸һꡣ
ԭǰ
˵ǰĻͳ񡭡ʲôϵ
ûСިЦǺǵʣǳէŷĮﻹôλѿ֪ô£
Ǽʿި̬ͦãֶǸ˴ԥһ˵ˡ
˴ˡδֻʱץһЩˡиСӣһ²⣬׾죬Ȼֿຮ֮¶ޡ
˶٣ʿǰ죬ͷ֪˸ʲôߵİСӸץˡͷ˿׷ɱ
ʿıܳأΪףҵȻԵֵ
֪Ϊˡ
ߵ걻ץó񳹵׿ŭ
а֣Щ΢ĸо
ҪѰҵİǰڳߵǰɣǲǹ˴Į
ǹ⣿
ިֱʡ
ʿȴҡҡͷǡǹ֣첻ĵ
ף𣬴˴Ҳӡ
ĮѵҲΪ˵õף𣿡
ިЦ˵ǣǣλѣ⻹һ²
˺󼸲˵Ԩࡣ
̧Ԩ˵ȴԨɫЩ΢ϸһ˿С
׼õ˻ȥĬԨƬ̡ѵãԨ˺һŷ֡
ţ
Ԩ֡
ԥ£ˣӡʲô
ԨЦЦȴ۵ףһƭרƭӲѵˡ
ƭ
ֲˡ
Ԩ̬Ѿ³ԨԴ˴Į˵ףûκκøС
ǱިЩʿ̸һЩʿ뿪ިʰ׼
𣿡ʡ
ި˵ոˣЩץĶᱻһϡȥǿҵġ
ϾҳҪĿǰѶһ
ި˶٣ҵ˵
ĿȷˡϾ壬ϲȻɳĮе̫ϡ٣Ǹߴֻ˵Ǻ
Ļҡ
Щ˸һŷλָҪͱȽиץסˡ
Եȣи󷨡
ȽиɳĮô죬ڸĳһʵ󷨡
˴سɴ磬գۼλӰʮľ롣
õسɴ磬κɳĮиУֻܿȽиʵһ㡣
󷨵ļӳֻ֣ʱҵЩʿе
ȷ
˴һƬ
Ҷ٣֦ࡣΧһȦںԣһƬˮݡ
һ۶ĿĴڣһþ޴ĺ
߽˻ᷢǿþ޴ĺɾ˺ϱ׳ڸߣ۵֦ӳֻȣһЩɰ´߰Ķ
һǾþ˪˲˵ĵط
ִ˴־ᵽһ
ô˵أѰϢвԣ˴ΪԼص塣
ǳŵĵطˡ
߽ˣ»һˡ
һҶһ΢ûУ·һʬ塣
ިۼ⣬ѱȽиһŵ˷˹ǻк˱Ƚи
ϸһ˾ǱץߵĶġ
̶̼ʱ䣬һȦ㲵ſڵϣһȻʲôˣ˵ŮӣҲòȥ
ǹˮҩģһĲӦۿʱϲ
ǡˡ
Ļ˺һ˻ָ˲١һ⸬һ߿ˮδٹȵСʿЩûûȹϱɹҲ󣬱紵䵽±ܿ쫷Żڡ
һ߲ᣬһ̻ʣЩҭ÷ҲûͣʵǸˡ
ָ߸⸬Ķ˽ȥӵڰ˸ʱʳٶȲŷ
ި´Ŷġ
Сӣ
ץ߶Ȼһһˡ
ұϱɹô죬ȻϢ٣ǻ
Ѿܺõˡ
⻹ᱼҶץˣ
û㣬ô
ި˵
ҲЩ棺ץ㣬ͰϣΪΣ
ĨĨ졣
񡭡ץ˵˵ɳĮӾˣ˵֪С
һ㶣ӣ
ǳ񣬰꣬ĸӣ
ԡĵ˵ͷֻҸձץһ죬Ӿͱץˡ׷˳ȥϼûܡ
뵽֮ʱѹֳôȤȴȻʧ
̻Уֻ񡭡ʱܲ
ި˵
ǻб顣ˣǰҵɶûҵ
˵
ɶ֮ûй˷ѡި˵ʰʰߡ
ǡ
ĸ΢˵ץǸˣҲץ
ԣЩ뷨˶٣ʣ˵ҲǰЩ˵Ŀġץ
ҲȷҡҡͷЩץǸʱαҪðȥѡʲôӡ
ܡ
شһȴԨ
һ˲٣ֱ˵仰ʱޱ˵
֮Ѫֻס׹ħ
һ㶡
ô֪
Ԩ
ԨĬĬ죬̾
Ҽ
ԨַӦ˹˵Ѫ࣬α׻
Щˣס
ס
ףҪµ塣
ިԨջߣġ
ȷɶҲЩץˣ
ľһ飬ͷȷᵽ˰ǰǱһͷǿд˴ģܲȫ
ˡ
ި°ͣǰѰȥ˺δ֪
˵ǡ׷ǡ
Щصʣ׷ǡǺδ
ԨԶЦ
׳ǣɳĮ֮µĳ
ǵȥһˡʦָľǰǰͰᶼǶ
ިһȥ׳ǡ
л˵
~
ϼӸ~


154 
ɳĮһǳйоصĴС, ̫˽˽ᱻûвֵɳ󵼷
ܿϷߵ䣬ֻԼһйҼ, Լʦʦ
ިڼ仹ͳȥǳġ
κɳĮƺѰˣһֱûиѶ
ڼǸ˵ŮΡ
黣ǵһСŵӡΪǰɼɳĮжеɳ, ȴϱץȥۣһطɳӡ˼ɣ׸α澡
ֻһΪСŮޣʲô, װһʱ, ֪ԼڸɳαŮ
α׵Ĵ, ˴ŹǼǰף, Ϊ̳츳, һЩܹ˵ˣòдʼӶ׳ǵϢ
, αѾһʵ
Щα׵Ĵɳʱ֪, α׵õһʦ
ʦĴ, α׳׵ľһ󲽡
Ϊα׿ʼ׽
ɳĮ֮кܶ˶֪, һֻһꡣǸ
αȥץǸ꣬Ϊ˼ŭ˳һŰ
α, ʦ, ɳĮ, ЩĹǴСųġ
˵, Ӳδ
˵ף׼޶ȴĮܽٻء
ɳĮ̮ݣ׳ǣҲ׷ǻ³֡
黾ǱαѡŮ֮һ
ϴݲгһˣ˹
ԳſŰ֮ʱԼߡ
Ϊľһ˿
Һãץסˡ
ȱԭϣֻܽʦ֮ǰĵҩι黡ãһҽȷܲܰ黴ӱ֮
ÿοʱЩĿĵĺ¡α׵ʲôĴڡץŮޣһɱΪһ׵ݣȥץʦ
Уα׵ĴڣǹҪһˡ
ɳĮ֮һģĳǳء
Ǿڱɳǵĵط
ڿ˳ǳأ˶˿
˭ޱ޼ʵɳĮͽʮ죬Ҳֻꡣ
ֻǿǵĵطߵһʱľ롣
ˣֲ߽ŷ֣ԭνĳǳأһеĳǶͬ
ɳһɢǡ
˵һһޣÿһԶϵǻ档
ΨһõһˮԴֲܼһЩԼһЩֲٸ˴ɢɳװһЩ⡣
ִŶñʦ߽ɳǡ
˵ɳΧһС䡣
˴ɢɢмʮݣвػء
Ƿݣм̡
һȺɳĮ֮еˣԸӡв¥ŵȵĹ
ִɳǵĵһ£ިͳһȥǳġ
ĿǰΪֹǳҲ˫ûټΨһһټĻǰ
Ʊα״ߵĹʦ
ټ϶ҪҵҪ˵¶
һһС㡣
˴˵ǲݣҲǰ̯裬׼˼շżǰɳǵס
ϰ˵Լһ䷿ɸס費Ҫ
ިɳʱҪһŴģİ嶨¡
ȫŽż⣬ָԵǻҳĲһ㶼⣬ǰҪ²ӣӣ룬ȱһڵĲֱӺԼͳһ
ֿ˺һܺãǮˡɳĮﻹͦģнˣͶЩҪˡ
ֺڲ裬ĬĬԨ
Ԩһ·ĬڲҲĲɡϰݸĲ룬ûнӡ
ֲǵԨûʳΪӽȡյ滻˲롣
ԨŻعһȺһѾ
ֻֿûжԥ£ִӽȡˮҺ;ƺ
Ҫ𣿡
ҲǻˣˮҹٻһΣһˮҵˮˡ˲併¡
ԨջߣЦЦ
á
һʱ񣬵չˡ
ӹеľƺ˻Ρ
Ҳ֪Сʲôʱѧؾˣã˱ˡ
˺ȲʣԨյơ
һһ·ǾƱˮζ
ֿԺˣƸǺԨƽպȵĲ࣬û̺ôԨȵøоǺȰˮأ
ѵƺһࣿ
ЩĶ۰ͰͶԨ
СĿ£ԨҲֵסȣ
̵ͷֱȻһ£һ㡣
Ԩֱյת֣ιߡ
һڣϲ³
յ°͵λãҲˣֱӵͷס
һСͰ͵أ͡
Ԩߴ٣³
̣ȥ
Թͷ

֮ǰȹ޼̵Ĵ̼
ԨЦŽʣµľһ̧Դϡ
³Ҳ
ֺߺŲȣ嵭Ƶζ
Ȼʺһ־ƣ𣬵ģٶ඼¡
Ҳ֪С㡭
Сʦá
ȽиȻ˽֡
̧
ʦûиʲôжʦϢ֡
ʦָĶ
ϸһ¡
ʦָĽ̵Ҫ˵ʲôŵĻ
ֵͷڽзҷ˺һһСɰ
ɰ򿪣ֽŵǡ
Ƕʦָҵģûԡ
ִŵĺܺãֽڣճǣɫˡ
ȽиСֹ˾䣺ʦ־Ȼôĵʱ򡣡
׵ʦŵ٣ֺʦʦദʱ򣬲֪˫ֻҪţͻִǺռ
ԨƳǡ
ϲϵСԡ
Ҳˡ
Ƚиȡһǣһ󷨣ֹнӡ
ʱһŻɫķֽմȾϢݸ֡
Ѱٷ
Ѱٷ
̹Ȼҡͷᡣ
ûл
Ƚиһ㶣֣ôѧŵ㡣
ֵͷ濴Ƚиеһһ
ѣҪǾ׼ȡ
Ƚи껭һ飬ֱ
ĬĬһ£̧ڷֽʡ
ܿ죬һѰٷˡ
ѰٷɳȽи˿
ʦ֣Ҷʦ֣ʦ㡭
ȽиĿһＸһ黹
˵ʵſû
ô죬öˣɵˣ˵ֱӣھֻšʲôƷ鵤ҩܸ
ʦ
Ƚи°һ˵ʦ㵱ʱ׷ʲôˣ׷޶ȴĮˣ
ֻʦ˵ģһ£˰ĹƳˣʦò˶Ĺ
룬ǲα׵ˣȻôܰʦĮץˣ
Ҳŵ˵ͷ
ȷԼʦŵʦʦ㶼ܵ͵˵£¡˹ʦɲˣǹƥĮȥˡ
ˣ˵塣
Ҫȥʦ㣬αﰡ
Ƚи̾
Ҳ̾Ҫʦ֪ܴϢͺˡ
ިͿռһۣҡҡͷԼĵϣº鷳ġ
ЪϢСʱȥϰ׼ļͷ
˵ǿͷªǻģгԾ⼸ǿһġ
ҿֲЩԼĽлһ
ϴԾЩ߲Ѫġ
Ȼôųɾ
ǰԼ˳ǽڷĵط
ڼԨۡ
ķֵĸڣϾ˴Ŀͷ̫խСһСظ˶ʮ䷿ݣ˵һһ䣬ʵм͸˱һǽ
ɨֵ˳ָ˼
Ҳ֪ôڽװлƿֶһ̺
ôΧʰһªĵطһŮĹ뷿еġ
ȻǺõĻܺãȫЦеأԨҪҪһ
Ԩȴѵþܾˡ
⣬Ԩû뿪֣ס޴һ
Ȼܾ˺һ
Щգգۣ֪ΪΣЩʧ䡣
Ҳϰ㣿
Ҳֻ֪һڷдڡ
ҹĻУֹŽϷȥ˯š
һ۾һɽˮ磬ԱԲĵϵĻƿżɻ۽ޡ
ֱۡ
˯š
룬ҪҪȥԨ
ԥ˺һû˴ме
ɳĮлЩ棬ǼеȻǱסӣȻʧ
ˡ
Ҫô˯ɡ
ֱۡ
һ˷дƮƮĺǺԶ˳ƻĴȻС
ۡ
л˵
ˡ
˯ȥûдɣӦܲ~
ϼ~


155 
ҹĻ, һƻĴȸ֦ͷڻλõ
ο΢ĺ
ҹ͵͵Ǳ˲ֱӳԾԭλñȥںڰвκι⣬ȻϮȥ
ذװγʵ
Ѿһͱ, ݺ
Գһûס
ִ˿ѾСལڴߡ
˸Ƿ, ֻߵĺֱס
ϵģɱˣ
Ǻ˴ͷŶţֻ¶һ˫۾һ˫֡ŶذۺȺͷŭ
о⵽һССŮŪ
ŮΪ, ̧ذֱӳִ
̧Сལֵ
ͬʱһֻӳ
ҹ͵Ϯĺ̼䱻ڵϡ
˳ָŶ, Ҷ
ȷ޷, ֲСԨмǽ
ǵƬ, ûеȵԨ
ſǽڱϸ, ûĺ
Ԩڴ˴
Ȼ
ЩãԨڻȥȰѴ˽˲С
ԨڣǾȥҴʦ㡣
ֱһŷɳ
һިÿš
ô£
ָָǵŲܶĺˡ
ҹʱ˷, ذ״齡
ҲҺû˯Ծϡ
·, Ծϵİ߰Ѫ, Ҳ֪жˡ
ިһŭ, ֱӰνɴ
Ѫһءܶû㣬۶û
˵, ҹϮĿʲô
һвިһ߸°, ȳȥ
ֲ, ǻʵʵ·ȥˡ
, ɳصҹк䡣һ߳ʹ˸
С˼Ԩȥ˺δ
̹룬ǽûеõӦЩġϰԨĴڡ
Ȼ𡭡
ֺȻվֱ塣

ҧŴ̲סһ⡣
Ԩº˵ıҪ
ûеġ
ڳ༫ʱԨʱ죬ʱæʮҲδһΡ
ֺϰжԨĲϵȴ
Ÿ֮ǰϤԨ
£ԨԴʹδ뿪ζֵĿ֮֮
ʲô֪һ
ЩˣԨһܾˡ
ֻʱϰԨʼ࣬ȻʧȻôһкööĲϰߡ
̧ա
ˣ
˵Ƚи꣬ŹǷһķгƳһۡ
ҡҡͷָָ䡣
ˣʦʻ
Ƚиɫ΢䡣
ֵط˵ǿ̫ˡɴʦܵʻͲѰˡ
Ƚиֱӽȥˡ
ֲҪʦֵĽŲأͱŹ档
һȣ͵һ̶ӡ
ſʱިһմѪĽ˴ªûдýֻŵѪĽ߳
ӭ濴֣ިѵЩӡ
ȡСʦãոҳ嶯ˣСİ㷿Ūáûסˡ
һ־ᵽڵѪ
Ǹˣ˿ѾӰ
ֺԾû׷ʡ
ڷ˯ˣǾͲ˯ˡ
ҿһɡ
ûʣި˿ҲСʦϻ˯˯֮һҹ˯Ҳ޷
˴
ިԥ£ǲ˾䣺ﲻ㰲ȫҪԶˡ
ֵͷ
Ƚи˳ָһС
ϡ
ֲ²һģҲûƴǣʦʦ뿪룬һԾ𣬷ɵ˴ݶϷ
ɳĮķݽ֮ǰб߶̫һƽġ
ݶһȦ͹𣬽ݶΧ
̨ףһ峾ݶԵ˫ţ˵ͷҹյ¡
֪ǲĴɳĮеôȽϴ󡣷·úܽ
˴㲻úܸߣҲܸӰɳɢĸ䡣
ԶǵһЩ΢Сҹеө
ǸʲôˣʦôôϾɱ
է˵Ŀ̫Сˣֻ˶ǣѡˡ֡

Ƕʿһֶ⣿
˺һҲ벻ʲô
ڵҹУ䡣Ƭ̾ͻˡ
Щ䡣
⻹Щ̧֡ʱѾ˱
Ȼǳĺ䡣ѹԼһֱز¡
ֲԼ÷ԹŶ׼ȥ
ݶһ㣬ӯһԾ
ȹŶ裬δôɵ¡
ȵӽʱڡ
ĺܺá
䵽һ룬ͱеһ𣬶һ˵ĻС
ֻ䣬Ҳòȥ廹Ҫ䡣
§Ĳӣƽأڵʡ
Ԩȥˣ
ԨһɫĶ񣬱ֻص£ƿķš
Ѫ졣
΢ü
ô£
ʵʵһʵȥˣ
Ԩ룬ֱӱŻеСƿ˸š
һ֣Բĵʻƿʢĺɻķ䡣
ķͬһӳ༫Я
ַŵϣ˵˯⡣
Ŷһͷȥϴ֡
ֻһź飬߻谵ֻܿԨϴʱ
²ˡ
ȥﶼνƽС
۾Ƭ̣Ԩ˹
Щ
ۻδü˵ָĴߡ
һССĺɫָ⡣
ʲô
һ㶡
ССģûָ׸Ǵɫͨ죬ɫǺܲûʲôˮϢ
Ĺ
Ԩ˵ֻҹвеĹӣ˯úáγ档
һǲܾʵʵСˡ
е㡭
С̫СˣּԳȥġ
óԡ϶Ŀޡ
ԨֳĹ
ţȥժ
ԭĹֻһŰ
һ㶣̧Ԩ
ϳȥΪժӣ
ԨѾԷ£ָһ롣
һ
˴ҹȡĹ˯̤ʵ
ҹȣ
ַ˸Ԩ
ҹʲô
ԨҲѧ
ǹҲǡʡ
Ԩֵ̧۾
μµĶ㲻š
Щɪգۡ
ҪǲμµĶأμ˳ն죿
һжΪ־壬һ㽫Ϯһ궯ͻᱻҹУѳԨأͱն죬μնǴ߲ġ
Եһ
ֽ̧Ԩ̲ס
ãĹ
ȻҹΡ
Ԩ
С˵£μ㡣
㲻ܱʲôҶġ
л˵
~
~


156 
һҹ, ˯ṳ́ʵ
ҲĹĺЧһΡ
Ȼǵμʲô̵, μ˺ĵĴڡ
СûṩţºͶǰȥЩʳһڲаȳ, ˵ҪȥɳǷ飬ȴ뿪ˡ
黹ﻹ̫䣬˯ڷУȫİæιš
Ͼʣ¾ԼӺһԨˡ
һҹ, ɫžͺܲ, ިɫûкܺ, ƺҹЩ˼, üлЩꡣ
ʦ㡣
־һҹ, ŸʣǸˡ
Ŷ
ިеɡ˵
˵Ҳǡ
ɳǸɢǣΧǸͬľ䣬ż, ʿ󶼲Ϥ˴, ׸˵, Ǯ, ̰ͼ
ЩͶСݵһСΨ۸ͳҹС
˵ǲģި⡣Ͼ˻, е˵滰Ļᡣ
ʵڲ˵Ҳǲ
ިֵ˵ǡ
ֱŵ, ǵ, ·ֱͳһ̵ϡ
ֻ, ôٶȵ˽ɣ
Ǵʦ㶼ô˵ˣֻѹԼãȻˡ
˵Щ˳ҵסĵطôϤһǳֽŲɾġط̫á
˵ǲ̫öǿˡ
ʵɳǵ˵衣
ȻԼһ淨򣬿ʵǿĵط
ΣѰܻóȥݣܳԵñʿ㡣
ɳУΣյԶߡ
˵Ҳ̫⣬ϾިǳĵϢɳǵ챤ڵóȥ챤
Сݳһٲ裬סһҹСȥƹĽˡ
ƹһžһͨŪЦŶ̯֡
ɻݹˣʿʯǧ
Ǯأǧʯˡ
Ͱ͵ʣ࡭٣
ƹЦһƣǧʯл
ˡƹ˵Σ˺ܶܣԼ仵ˣƹͻˣٱ˹ʹû۸ƹ˵Ļ
ǡʯǧ
ŽңôҲš
סǧʯ
ʮʯɣ
Ҫ̫ۡˡ
ҡҡͷ
ɲܸǧʯƹҪ˵һǾǶթ
סٿջ޹ԺӡôһԺްһģʯССݵһٲͼªĸҪôǧʯ
ƹĻдʡ
ôԣļۡǳסˣˣ
ˡ
ô˵ҲˣԼ˵һٲֵǧʯ𣿻Ǽֵǧʯ
ƹĺһźӣֵֵסˣ͵øˡ
û
һ֣ǱԨͷˡ
̧˹
ô£
ָƹĲŵظԨ˵˵һٲͼ䷿Ҫǧʯ
ǧʯ
Ǯ˵ɽ˶ֿڰɣ
˭˶׵֡
Ԩ΢üɨƹġ
ƹĻرֱ׳˵۸ˣǲǮͿߵó߲ȸ
Ԩ˽⣬һ
ͷ֣ĿʣҪˣ
ˣЩ⡣
Ǻڵ꣬רƭˡǰ˴˴ֶᱻ۸Ԩͣǽˣú˱ƭ
ԭˡֻȻҲУͷڽ˶ʮʯǹ̨ϡ
ˣøǮҪ
֮󡭡
ƹģȥɡ
òƹ뿪
˿Ѿɲòе˲Ըˣʵв˭ֵס
ģȸĵ˴󶼿һص¡
˶֪ĺڵ꣬һ˸ˡ
˵ңǿǴͷβĴҡ
úõһĶʮ˿ѾȫΪƽأΪ׵СӵŮǽϸĵشˡ
ΪĲϰ屻ӵϹҡҡ׹޵ؽлˡ
Ǳˣʱйϵģӿ˲ˡ
д󲿷ֶǷˣмʿ켣СΪɲ
ܶ࣬ϰΧΧ
ô񣬸ȸҰ
̫ˣץǣ
Щ߬ľɨģΧʿǵΪǰ
Ѿ˴ȫˣС𴸻ûиɹôҵĻŤֲ⣬һͣ־ꡣ
ǿֲ´󣬻ԼĽץһҩ趹ӡ
ҩҪȥԵһƬˡ
ջС𴸣һŷ߳ȥ
ǵһμֳ
˴ΧټʮˣߵҪǸ
־Ų˺ڵΪûʲôסøǮĸˣթ˵ĺڵ꣬ǲԡҲú˲ƭ
ΪݲƭΧıһԼ۸һ첱Ӵ֡
ݲ˵ķ涼˵Ĺ߲ߣȽи껹ʮһȳȵʶ
ⶼҪǧʯǮûôĿŵġ
Ƚи꿴ΧķǣһЩͷۡ
ʿ˾ǣһȺˣ붯ֶǸ鷳
Ĳֻ֡ʦ̵Է˳֡ЩΧķǴǲģǶͲ̫ˡ
Ǵҵĸɴ࣬õҲɴࡣ
Ƚиһ󷨣Щ赲⣬ިʦ㣬ǻضɡ
˴˼ҵĲݣ˲ܴ϶Ǹ鷳
ިҲЩִټǳϢҲڴ˶යֱת챤
ȸôκʵֻ̫һ϶뿪
챤ľȸ㲻Զһʱ͵ˡ
ִ챤ѵõ
ɳĮеСµֻɳط·ôʪֻ䣬Ţ
ҲΪѵõСִ꣬챤ʱĵ˲ٶꡣñЦ
ƼһУӴһ
һȺʿʿһȺģ
УɹĺڵĺӵȷôЦġ
Ĭ¹۲Ŵ˴
ȸ󣬽ĲﶼȫͬǴ˴˶Ÿ첲һ־
Ӵöÿʿôÿô֮ǰҲиƯСɡ
иŮҲƯ
һ·ߣΧ챤Χǣڴ̸ûаܵǡ
ź棬̲סʣ֮ǰʿأ
Χ۵챤˼ָҺ˵ȻһЦ
˵Ų˼
ˣ
ˣ
Щ塣
αˡ
ǲҪȥαףҲġ
޶ȴĮףء
˸ĵط
˶ñܡ
Щ˵ֲĸо
У׹С
ŴٺЩ˴
ŵˡ
ԨߵֲλãЦ
αеˣǻá
̾˿
α״һα֣ôأ
ֶף弸ûӡֻɽ˵ˣŻôһ뷨
һ̣֪Ϊɽ˵֮ˣҪף塣
ǽӽĴ˰ɡ
Ԩ鵭Į
˭֪ء
ިĨһѷҵˮ飬Ѱǳĵĵطȥ
ǳ֮ҲԶ챤һլС
ިѰŷȥլһƽƽķԺӣΧЩɢɢլ˶꣬һĿһˡ
լŹţިȭȥ
ŶԼۡ
ʱŴˡ
ŵһݵСͲһ˫ԲԲģضˡ
ڿǺСʣǡǸ𣿡
ިЦ˵ԣǸ硣
СЩִٵţÿ
־Сʱͷһۡ
С۾Բִˡ
һֶ
˻ԴԼ˼
ô
լֻ䷿һӲݣСƣһȥŵһɶζ
ʲôһ
ֽһ١
ζܲ
ʦֻӲͷƤȥ
ިѾǼ䷿ƿˡ
һƿǹӸζˡ
ָ̧Լһŷ̧ż
һȥ־Ϳһϣһ֪㲻˵Ĵڡ
Ѫõ˿Ѿںڡ
õʦǳģԣһ룬һҩ࣬ľƽ衣
̧ͷ
²ǳѵЩ㲡
ިһˣ۾һЩ쭳
ˣ
ǳѵһͷվֱĴȣҩһȡ
֪Щô𣡡
ǳĴض˹һѱסȽи꣬ʵɳĮˣĲˣ
Ҫˣ
л˵
~
ģϼ~


157 
ּ𼸸µʦֺϲ
ʦ, ˣҲֻˡ
̶һѾ˵˺ö֮ǰδ˵Ĵʻ, ôһԨѾӦֵ̧Ķ䡣
Դ, Ԩһ˵С겻
ʲôС겻Ǵˡ
֪һЩЩʻǴ³˵ġԼʦֶ˵ģʲôõġ
ĺܺãԨǲС, ֻԴ, ԨӰ, ˰, ǳ˵ʲô, һ䶼ûȥ
˵ʲô³Ĵʻˣǳִ̧˴ļСʦô
վ, ԴĿİأʲô, ô
ʦ˵ʲô
СլֻоŵһԨ, ˵ʲô, һһȴеûнʦֵĻȥ
ǳֻҪɨһۺԼСʦôֵ֪꣬λ˭ˡ
ͼ, ҼСʦ˼ϡǳķָָ㲵û, ʦ, ںġ
Ԩǳ, ΢΢ףȷġ
ǳֱ˵ĸо⻰Լ˵ģֻܱصԨһۣȻɨСʦá
ⶼ۸ʦˡ
ȻСʦûĵĲͬЩǼ⡣
ʦָոҵġʲô
ǳĺһҲ͡ˡƽϣɨЩЩõˣ̧Լʦŵߣһ䷿
ڼǸݰͰ͵СŮƺ˵ʲô̾˿
լСֻ䷿һס˵Ŀªͽˡ
ֻ˵һݣǽڷ絲֮꣬⣬һ
ǳ·Լһصӵϣڵص
мǶ֪ˡǳ˵ɳĮ֮к֮ǰӴĶͬһαסǲϱαףԳǺ塣
ǸʦǶ֪ڴڼ䷢֣α׵õһʦҰʱһ£˳ǼҰ󡣡
ֵ˵ͷ
黹˵˹ʦʹʦж²⣬ʦҲô˵˾Ųʮˡ
ʦǰĻǶʦֵϢҲйˡ
ǳ˵˵ʦһ̣ǸưͣرʦǰĻ̺п۶ʦˡ
ިЦ̣ᡭǸݡ
룬ʦôĽޣڣʦǱαץˣӦöǰȫġ
ͷȴǰȫֻҪȫν
ԣŵӶôģ˶˿̤̤ᡣ
ҲͿռ΢ЩôȥŪ
ǳѾܶûмռˡȻ֪ʲôǿռǾʦ׼ˣǶǾŵӡҲ㣬Ҳ˼ƽϡ
Ūס֪αʲôط𣿡
ǳһ˴Щʱˣô̽Ĵ̽αףϢȴʼպ١
룬֣黹Ӧ֪
黹Ǳȥα׵ġȻſӣǶαʲôط֪һġ
ųȥ
ССԺݰͰ͵Ů֪Ū˼ն
һɴ黶⣬Ƕؾصġ
ֱ⣬֪αںδ𣿡
㶣ףɳ֮ġ
黶ɳ֮ĵλûЩŵӡֻҪ·Ŵȥ
ǲôֱ׵ǰȥ
αɳĮоӪ꣬α׵ϳ϶׾ܴġ
»ôӳ顣
и۰Ͱ͵ĶģļǵЩ˵ҪѰ׷ǣɳǲ׷ǡ
׷𼸰׳ǡֻɳǡ
ǰѰô찡
ļֱץԴ
׷ڴ˴ǲڵģֻһַɳǺԺЩ˿еĲһ
ͭˮݰͰСŮһһˮЩڵϣַӦַ̧һѡ
СŮˮֵ̿ضŶġ
·ڷ
롭
ܵŵСŮ۾ɵúܴˮģſ־أɪģˡ

ֻ˻
Ȼ뵽ԼδôǰСŮأ
СŮأݶǣ֪ʲôŵˣ񶼷ֱ
⿴Щ죬ԥ£СŮļ
СŮðŻعŲ
ҡҰʲô
ļСŮرСѹҵͬǰ˰ˣҪ
˵ˣСŮգգۣŵض
ܡ˵ͬ𣿡
Ȼܣƶ˵Ҳܱˣҵͬ飬ǰ壬ҵͬ顣
Ҳ˵ûϵİܺãһĴڡ
ԶɣоϻۣҶٴǿĺúӡ
ۡ
СŮ˻񣬺ð죬ҧŴС˵֪
ţ
һ㶡֪ʲô
СŮһֽԼ°ڣŲ֪ǡǰѰȥĶˡ
ֲصɴۡ
ȻӦ
ԭԭѹСŮĵһ͸оЩ΢ͰദĶˣҲһЩж
СŮЩ£۶ģֿ֣С֣Ҫֵӡ
㳤úԸ⿿׺СŮض֡ҲҲ˵ģһҲô
СŮ̫ˣһ̧ˡ
סֵӣСŮ˿
ŷ·С˵αװѰץˡðѪҪٻ󡣡
СţСţͱץˡСŮͷʣֻʣˡֻʣСˡ
СǰСûĸһֱǰ˵ɳĮġֱϼ챤ǿ˽š
ɳĮֵǮĳӹ
СûжҰģиڷĵطгдС
ȴǰãα׺ȻҪץ챤ļܶ˶ʶ㶼㲻ˣΨС羵ʱڳӶһء
ΪǳģǳĽ任һģûбץߡ
С֪ǳǺˣܰѡǸ˾ܲ
ЩǸˣҲǺˡ
ϲͰͬ顣
ޣҲЩܣ̧§С羣
ǰ飬ôο޼¡
ֻ뵽ҲСţ߱İδأ
Ҽںδȥ˵һԥˣ˵Ҫȥˣȥ˷ûСûаţô죿
ⲻǸϣȴ
ҧŴ˼Ƭ̡
аһŬǴġ
˺֤
С̧Ӳ˲ϵᡣ
㣬Ҵȥӡ
л˵
~
~


158 
Դһ, ܻطȥкʦʦǡ
ȥӾˣ
Ȼż߽ȥַеЩ΢
ֻԨ鵭Ȼ̧ȥ
Ԩ, ϸԼʦʦǵ顣
ʲô鷳£ü䶼Щꡣ
ִܣԨո˵ʲôˣ
ҲôСĵ, Ԩֱ˵ʦ˵ɳĮûʲôˡ
ףЩ֣ɳĮ˲ٵˣỹд˴ɳǣһɳɢ齨ĳǳ, Ҳ, ֹһɳ˵һˡڸߴ۲쵽, ɳǴԼʮɳ, ô, ˵Ҳǧ
ԵĳǳصȷٵÿɳĮмǧѾܶܶˡ
ֵɻ, ިһ, ֱ˵, ʦýһ¡
ǳѾ˵һ, Ժ˵
ڸսɳĮʱһˡ
ǳĮϵġ
ǳĸɳĮһʵףﲻܽΡҲ޷ΡǳĮϢʱ, ⶣһ㡣
˵Į£ǳĺֵľͬ
ǳĸյִɳĮʱһ, ǻʱǳĽһ·, ִĮϢʱ, ǳķһ⡣
Įɫ찵ʱǳĺܾŲ̫Ծ뿪ˡ
ɲһأ֣˰ġ
ǳĳ˼ҵ⣬Ծ취һȡ
ҲΪˣǳĲ֪ɳĮ֮еˣ󶼲ˡ
ǵ廹ˣֻǻ࿪ʼãٵͷƤڸù³һ滻ԭˡ
ΪĮˡ
ĮʲôģǳĽӴ̫٣ֻоżûи˽⡣
ֻȷĮ㲻ˡ
ǳĲ˵ɳĮûˡ
ɵֱ̧˸첲
һ
Ҳ˵ɳĮУ֪ΪʲôʼãȻõ֪Ķ滻
ǡ

ԨҲǹ
ɫ񣺡ܰѺúõ׹Ūĵģǡӡ
ǳ̧Ԩ
˵ġûǳأþ취ҩݣʲôԹˣֻܼõĳ̶ȣֹ
ݻѾԨ룬˵ҪαץѪǡ
ǳһ飬û˵˵ףαôץôȥץ
ԨȴͷȥӣȻȥץαף
־ûëʦ㱻αץˣôһƱҪߵġպҲܾȸλˡ
˾ͶˡȸСȥӾȰ
ȻҪȥӣѡҪȶܶ࣬Ҳ̫ԡ
ͰйأިȻҪֵģ֣ԨٲˡʦУȽи˵ãռ䶷̫Ϻȡֻ˲ȥ
ǳģһȻҪ
ҲȥǳļԼҴʦĿϣֱ˵˵ȥˡüȥң
ިȻ
У
˾ͶҪȥˡ
ǳĺͿռ˲ȥٲˡ
ҩһƿһƿһһĸЩިȫȥֶС
СԺУСҲѾ׼
ǰӶ˵ڰ֮أǺµġ
С羹һ˵ĳۣŶñСЩΨ۾ִ
ڵȴʱ˺ܶ࣬һ߳ʱӭȥͷضǳ˵Ǹ磬һزˣڷµһʯ͸㡣
ǳֱü̧СԴġ
Ϲ˵Щڣһܻ
˶٣ǳЦЦǸȥԭ
С֣߬۾ء

Щ뿪ɳĮȥԭ
ã
Сص˵ͷ
ͣƬ̵
أ䲻󣬵ϻǲġ
ִŶñԨϵʱԼʦʦǶֻһңԨ
ʵ
챤ҲֻɢɳΧһСӻһξ롣
С羰Լû˵óǰ·
ϲ֣ͻͷһ֣׷ˣЦһ£ǰߡ
Դ׷ȥС羲ߡ
ӲߵɳأһĹС羽ᣬӡ
֮ǰȥ𣿡
Сεδڶñϣֻ˻ԴС羻ͷЦǰ˳С羡
С羵˵ͷ
Сֵ࣬ȫǸûĺӡ
ܾ֮ǰ˵кöڳȥǮҺСȥˡ
ʱС羾ȥҵöǮ
ȻһЩҪС羵
ΣաС챿˵жΣգֻµ˵㣬˼ӣǧЩż
Щż۾ᶯԴΡ
ĬĬˡ
лл㣬ǻעġ
ӵż
֮ǰδӴйصĶͼйصģֻ̨ˡ
һڵҶɾļ̨ʱԨǱǸ̨ӡ
һĮļ̨
׹ǳɽ
Լ̨ûһøС
ͬΪٰ֮أָûкøС
ҲܳûѼҲˣ
Ľҡ
С𴸣Ϳˡ
ðС꣬ɳߵһµɳ
Խߣˣϴϸɳر˸ɿӲݣԡ
Сߵвݵĵطֱſ
ֽŲҲһ١
ŵ˿еϢ
ԣһɡħϢ
ֲȷֻһħħϢĴںܶأӦòϴ
˴ħϢɳĮеħϢαйϵ
ּС羵һֱѹҲſ˵ϡ
ݵͬйɵζҲ
ǰ嶼ſˣŵ˲ԣҲſ¡
Ҳô̶һ˲ɳǰɳһһںڵѻ¸½ţڿУɹĵطµһ
ַӦܿ죬̧ӳ
ѻڿзƬ̣ųһߡ
˺һС羲
ѲѻСС˵ֻѻ۾ֻҪżͻᱻԵ
ѻʧĵطһ
ӳ֮ǰСֻſڲݵϣҲѻ
Сãոſ¾Ƕѻ
ʻި
С羵ͷĲݣµģأſѻŲġ
ŷӦѻǿ۾ǿš
һƬݵҲÿѲصѻϤζûзİϢ£ѻͲᷢǡ
ҲҿСǰбԣʱעЩȻǲߵɳͻᱻѻ֡
·ԶСǰС·˳µִɳߴȻߴǰȴȻֹ
ûɳĮ
ʲôĿյء
ܸо󷨵΢
Ƚиڿ˼¡
һС󷨣鷳
Ƚиøõһգۼ䣬ѾƵǰľҲΪı䡣
ɳԭɳǰȴһƬɳ𣬶һԨ
ɳǸλΨмһ޴ӣΧ٣۵֦䳱
˵˷ɳĮеӡ
СЩɪɶһˣҲá
ǰȴȽиˡ
𣿡
Сԥ£С˵µġ
µĻ棬ҹΣաȽиֱԭػһ󣬡ûΣվͶǣΣգ
ȽиɳĮõسɴ
ֱܡ
Сԥ˺һǽȥҲ֪Ӷ˵жΣա
ЩϺȡ
ʵʵԭأϥǣȽиʯ
Ҳӽȡ⸬һˮҵݸС羡
ģǺܻܿϡ
Сǡ
ȽиֱС羵Ĵڡ
С羵ȷܺǽȥжЩǡǰ֮أһẦС羡
û󷨵أеϢʮΣյġ
ֶܸоΣա
Щŵ߬֡
Ҫֱȥ
ӦިѾʾ
ިֱһԾȥ
žȽиꡣ
ô
ֻѧʦʦ
һ룬Ԩ̧䣬§סĿʯڻ䡣
˴˵ӾšӶ˺öʼղס
һԨ§ץһ˳䵽һխխʯϡ
˴ǰա
ܱɵĳʪģּ䲻ϲġ
üԨɿ֣ܡ˴ڰգףިȽиѾûټ
֮˵ʯ壬˵ʯ顣
вѪӲݣϡ
ġ
Ҫȥ𣿡
Ԩʡ
һ㶣ţ
϶Ҫȥߵˡ
ԨĬƬ̡
Ǿȥ
ֵ̧ʱûжһֱԨ
֡
ҧָĺҮ
Դ޶ȴĮԨ֮ǰĬö࣬ǻᷢһж
Щ֡
Ӧ˵̫ˡ
ΪԨЦЦһɣȻ׹䡣
±㿴
УֺԨ˵ʲô
˵ʲô
ַʵͬʱȻʧأ缸ĶУХֹ
һΣܿԨ붴Ѩײ
£Ԩһѷš
ôٵ׹£ֲŷǸոЩʲôΣա
ѨײĴŤ֦ѾֻмһСɾĵء
׹ķʧ󣬴ŻᱻЩ辴̴
µؿڡ
ҪǱԴǿ̫ˡ
Һá
Щ辻ϲûʵѪʦСʦֶƽġ
Ҳá
˿̧ͷԨ
ո˵ġ
ûܾǻĶ
Ԩ֣´Щƣǣһߡ
߹µǴأǰߣ·ǵĹҵĹСڣ
˵
Ԩǣ߹Ĺ˵ȳȥ˾͸㡣
ڡ
ԨǰŬŬ졣
㿴
ֶһ
СĹߵһտ֮ء
ǰһˮء
ˮﶼһƬѪɫ
ˮصϿգһЩͲŮ
Ѫ
δ𣬵δ
Щ
л˵
~


159 
֮вٵ, ϰʮݵŮŮ
Ǵͷ
˵ѪǺ, 
֪ǻ
һˮصѪˮ
ֺݺݴ˸ҧŬѹеķŭ
Щ, Щ˾Ѱʲô
ŷҪһԾȴԨס֡
Եȡ
ԨĿˮУ΢΢ü̧Ǳڰеİǡ
ʵѪ, ճ, Ũ, Ѿȳ
ȻѪܸס, ȴǲסһħϢ
ˮΧұ, ᾷв֪Һұڲʯ졣ЩһɵħϢ֡
˴˵α׵ļ, ˵ħء
ּöȥ, Ԩ˵Ե, Լ뷨, ֻʱһ̣Щߣʼǽġ
һ, Ԩ̧һŹ
̽𣬹
Ϊ
, , ſеһ
ʱ, ǿ˲䣬Ϸ񳤳ϸ٣̼佫ԭѵ
˿ȥðȻӪȣҪС
ָոյִҶɾʱǵñһΧϢС
ЩİӪȡ
ִӽͳ˻
ûá
ԨЩбק˵İҡҡͷ
ǳ
㲻øǵӵģ¡
Ѿʧ£Ҳ˶޲ߵѰ졣
ӳ֣ЩһܶԸġҪҲֻ
Ȼʣףֻαס
αһУοɿַЩأ
һͲµôܽ⿪ġ
ǲԣôС
ֲģȥžһˡ
ԨһҪԣҲֻС
Ȼ
׼˼ŷһԾ
ܸое·ǣקǧ
Һޱѡ
ֲҴںжֻȸԼιһŽⶾټϡ
жξ룬û
Ȼյᱻȼȴȼյͬʱ
ûջЩյ˰
ŵָϽˮ˻𡣲˺
УУѸ޷ѡ
ж˵ˡ
־žȷʲôߵЩõġ
ֻǲģ˲ٰ취ԡ޷ЩϾ
ЩʧѪԵ״ּ̬鵽ͽ󱻸˿ڣѪʼʡ
ţȴѵغţҲ֪ܻá
Щ˿ôҲ޷̣ȥˣ˵ҩֹѪ޷
˺һغػζ
ֲŷĲܽ⿪ġ
ȲЩ
Ĳ鲻Ը˻ء
ԨĿ˵ọֻ̧̈̄Դ
ֻܵȡ
δ䣬ԸԨصµļӣȴʵķ磬ʻϢȻӿ롣
ͬʱһ
ֻһ
ͷƳĹȥ
ϤģҲҹ
ĳ֣Ĺһһѡ
СĹֱӶѣұڿʯڿбɷĩһ紵ҷɡ
ֺԨֵ̧ñЩʯɳۡ
ѵĹ׻ɽʯ̮һˮصϿո
һʯ֮ϣĴų򣬴һŨ
ߣౡ
ǳĳβɵϣ̻һ֪޾ߣ
ֽǳ
˵ڳߵǰǳĶӡ
ǳΪѰӶ˴
ʼղѪ˳䡣
ǿˣеͬʱѨڲһɴ̶
ֽ̧Ŷ䣬Ǵ͸˫Ѫ
һ˲Ķʲô塣
ǰ谵ðŷԨڽ
ۡ
˵䡭ۡ
˫ˣѪֹԨѪ֣ɫ࣬ȴȥѪ
Ԩֿұ£̧г
ͨɫ͸⡣
ԨĽ
Ԩ߰꣬ûмĽ
˲
Ԩսɷǵӿ
ΣգаԣϢѹȸС
ڲϽ£·ڶ̶һ˲붬
ˮᣬұÿһ䡣
ɺˮضɱѪˮڰգЩ˿ڶôһ̵õֹѪ
ͬǣȴϺʹధ
Ԩޱ飬ǿɲ񽣣֮Ա֮ƴݻһС
޴ɶ㣬񽣵ĽƷâˡ
Ԩ
ͷۻʹһޱԨγ񽣣ͷ͵һ
Ԩֳ񽣻
Ԩ
ҧһ̣ޱȵԨɱ˳
ڶεźԨ΢΢
ȴڿʹ̵ģʱɫΪ䡣
̧񽣡
ɷĴ磬·ѾʲôԨ֮£ɵչ򣬵ֵȫΣա
ߣѪ
Ԩ
ŬվĶۣԴҲۣվȣǵײײײԨķ
һΣԨԥƬ̣ǻأ̧§ĵ֡
ץӣ³һ
𡭡ɱ
أȴ߬Ԩ˵񡭡ֻҶӵģɱ
Ҳ֪ΪΣԨҪɱĴ
Ȼֻ֮һܣסԨ
񡭡
Ԩһ§֣һ߬񽣡
䣬ִ˸ϲˣһ̲֣ǽԨ
죬Ԩ񽣡
á
һɱģȴûж֡
˿
ͷ۰ͰͶԨ
˿ԨıƤһ̺ͳ༫ĵ޲Ĳѹ
С˵ˣҪ֡
Ȼصļӣɲһ͵ġ
ֵĳҲԨ
ԨһֲȥߵѪ顣
ĻЩۡ
ֳ̧ǳһ㡣
ʹͬʱݺݴӿ׹䡣
ӲˤǱˮرϡ
ںɫıѪ֮УΪһʮŮӣڷҷأȹɫ
ŮӼٴ˻̧ͷ
һ˫ͼƣұġ
ڱϣŵԼӵѪϢʹģѹ
̧
֪УǸƯŮġ
ȾҶȾ
Ǻֻ֪ҪҶһԸһģ岻𡣡
һ㶡
񡭡
ŮӵòôôЩ졣
룬ӽȡ
һ̣Ůɫ䡣
㣬Ҹˡ㡣
磿
գۣŵضǺŮӡ
˵ĸ硭Ǻˣ
ˣҲ壬ú
ˡԳǺ𣿡ŮӶƬ̣¡
ĬĬͷ
ҲˣŮӸǺʹ˵ˡ
ңҸ𽡣
ŮӶ˶񣬴ӱѪüȾҡ
磬ˡ

ʶ磬ǡŮԥƬ̣ˣĹ𣿡

Ǹ壿
ҡҡͷҲ֪
ͷ
֪֪
ָô졣
̧ͷ
΢ڵأ¶
㣬СȾҶ
ҶȥĺȻĳ͸лġ
һ㶡
ԴȻ뵽ʱȥý顣
ʱ˵ĸףǸġ
Ǹ
Ǹĺӡ
ĺǡ
ǺĶӡ
̧
꣬ĸֵܡ
ֻͷԨ
Ԩֺ֪Ǽ£üͷ΢
ֻǶں
ǰ
ֿһ۾ͿԨĲϲôΣֻΪ˺𽣬ΪΪС羵иǵ
СקקԨ䡣
ֺõЦЦ
Ԩ
ǾȾǡ
Ԩ
Ҫ
û˵컨׹ǰ״
һ㶣ŶոԨԹˣûѰֶθ޷⿪ôֹѪˡ
ȴӡ
Ҵ֪С
𽻰䣬ֺԨͬʱ
ۺϲԨ΢
ףŵһЩŴ档
˵һԽ͵֮֮ء
ֻҪף壬Ҿȥ
ִϲֺ£
ǾͿ
ִߴٵ
Ԩǵȷô㱾¡
أ
ʱˡ
ǲʧۡ
ֱϵ롣
ף壬ף壬
õɣ
Ԩ˫ֽա
𽻯ΪչΧֺԨ
βǵĺɫâ
ǹˡ
ԭֺԨλȻյ
ʧص͵׹
ۣҲ޷ƿأճģϢģǼѹġ
һеһʼռѹ壬
Ѫ
Ψһ
˲֪ãַ·һ⣬̱ڵء
ƣرۣǼᵽһɵ㡣
붯
˵ָһûС
˺һָоԼڴǱ״ָ̬˵㡣
ۣƴӵ
Ԩ
ϰԵغԨ
ŷ֡
ΧûԨ
վһߡ
̵ƬݵҰ㡣
ˮʣβι
ûɽûɳĮ
ֻһƬɭ֡
ʲôϣ
ԲɳǣҲɳĮ
ָЩǿԼ侲
ԨԨôߣ
ۿԨʧ䣬һ̱˻ҡ
Ԩ
Сš
ԭδԨȻʲô
ַ
Ԩ
ֲ֪ŵΧһȦ½·ֻɭֵıԵ
´Ԩ뿪
ںӵԣϥǳĬ
ûš
ԨĻͲ˰ɡ
롣
ǵġ
ȻȫȻİĵطԨߣеġ
̾˿
Ԩ
߬֡
㵽
ǱߵС
ֺȻ˵

ںӱߵ·ϣһ¨İӡ
ЦǺǿ֡
Сҳߣ
ֿӣԥ˻ҡҡͷ
ˡ
ˣǰºЦǺ˵ôҵˣ̫ԶˣôƯһŮôһôԶĵء
֡
Ҵȥ
ֲ֪Ҳˡ
ǸˣûҲû
ԥ£վ
⸽гǡ
Ϊʲôأ
ãȻػܡ
ȷ·ֻ֣۵ĺ
ȥ
ЦǺ˵ȥģ׷ǰ
ֽһ١
׷ǡ
ǰף׳ǡ
䵽ǰˣ
л˵
~
޽£Ԩ
~


160 
ǰ, ף׳ǽ׷ǡ
ף廹䣬˴δʱ⸲𣬲һƬɳĮ
, ͵ǰף
Ԩأ
ֱȺܵȵԨǰף壬ڴ˵ȺöδԨ, ǲ˵Ԩδغһ䵽ףˣ
˵Ԩûкһǰף壬ǵʱȥˣ
ԥ
ǰӿ, ЦǺк֡
, ʵڲ, ҵ׷, ˵ȥʱܸλȥַ
ʱ, ɨۺ
峺ܵӳ˵Ӱӡ
ֻȻ俴Ӱӣе΢
Լˮԭɡ
Щˡ
Ǳ¨İʮģԳɲҩġ
˵û, ֪ļҵĺӡ
ֲȷ˵, Ҳ˵Լйص, ֻҡͷʲô˵
ҲС, ЦǺǵغ˵һ·
˵ˮ㣬Ҳ㹻ûзɳû躮
ֻ˵
µ··, ʯƽģΧľҲӹĿ, ֵĴ䡣
˶ź, ڼµʱ, 
ϰΪ˳֣ҪҪȥЪһЪ
ֿЩڵأϻ̳Ͽֵģҡҡͷ
ף壬ŽȻͬ
էǱ°ɡ
ǰһ·˴ɽˮƣɭ񣬱Ʒ񣬴ûо˹Ȼ⡣
˳Ŵǰʮңǰӵһ·߶е֪׷Ảҳߣе߶ˣеһҲЩֹ֡
ӺܵҲҳߵẢӡ
ţҲֻšǰ׷﷢顣ͺҩԼһǹ޷ıġ
Ĭһ·˰ʱڵִ׷ǡ
׷һǳص֡
ֲִŷ֣˴ȴ㲻һ׼ĳǳء
ûи߸ߵĳǽġ
ȡ֮ʮô׳ߴĲΧһȦ
ֻЩ֮ļһ֪ôߡ
ǰǰ··ߵһþ¡
һ·л档
̧֮ʣֱߵȥ滩ȼ
Ѿˡ
һ
վԣԴ˰
˵Ϊ̫޴ȫһ˴
滹лأ
ֲðȻȥԥ˺ܾã׷ΨһڣǻӦҲڳ˰ɣ
룬̧׼Ҳ˳߹ȥ
̧ţȻᵽһ
ǳܵȴǴ֮еĻðġ
ȵȣףĵ̣
ֻ˵ף׳ǣΪʲô
ﲻ̫ԡ
ôһɣû˳ȥ
ϸŴ˴
ΪΧͬΧž޴ľߵ֡ǰĲݴԡ
һжǾ޴ġ
ֺ֪ţףˣô׾ٴһİ˽ǣ
ҳߵĺӿܴڣʮ߰ŮģôҲ̸ǺӰɡ
Ǹӣе⡣
תߡ
ϧǸϵġ
ǰӵ
Ȼͷ
ǰɱһ¨ͬǣԭƵЦѾЩ΢
ֱ׵㣬ǾǶ⡣
־ضˡ
ûûû
һǰ
㲻壬ʿҲǷˡ
Ȼ壬ž֮ˡ
Ӷ֡
񿴵ĶЩˡ
üͷڿһ£ǰĻǲǴ򲻹
Ͼһα׵޲ߡ
ǰӴ¨ȡһƴĵˣָڵϴ˴ǵ˷·˻꣬
ָоһ
أǵȷʲôǣĽŲ
ϸһȴǵѧֵվˣһλȥ

񿴾Բ׷ǵڣ˸׼ķ㡣
ϢֵǹǣأֻҪֵܵ
ǵ߰ߣ˺һ޷ǣ֣ǵɢһء
һɿݵĵֱӻɷĩ
ɫ΢䡣
ʿ
ϵǣƸǵ˷绯˲ʧ
֪ʲôȻͬĴڡ
ܲٿ˵
ֱٿصĸо˺ܲˡ
ִ˿̾ͺܲˣһСལġ
ʿΣ
²һ˰ɣרſӺˣ
ǰӹһЦ
Ӻ
Щ󣬼󣬸һЩΡ
󼸸֣Ȼ뵽ɽ˵ġ
ˣףκõġ
Ԩȴֿˡ
ȻһõĻᡣ
ַ˷񡣾ôʱ䣬ǰѾȡһˣ֮ͬǰǸͨɫ­λòһ룬֡
˲˺һȡ
ֽȻһ
ǣ֮ǰǿˡ
Сལὣǰһն
ǵ˱նϣȴԼ𵾲ȥº塣
ü
⻹Щ֡
δûо֪Ӧԡ
ǱǵǣţĿİ˳ǸߵؿڵӲݣһǾȥ
Ѿˡ
ǰЦпһĻ
ðϾµġ
¡
¡¡
շ·˺һӡ
ܲ׾
ǰͷգ۵ϲá
񡣡
û뵽ջм񡣡
ջһɺɫѪ
Ѫ֮⣬ꡣ
ǰӹ˲Ϊһ̵ļ´Ҵš
³һʱ̾͸ϲϡ
ôһܣȻɢ䡣
ϵǣʧ
ȴδǸԼһ׷ǰӡ

ž׷ˡ
еļ񡣻᲻ͼ̨ʲôйأ
ֶף˽̫ˣץʱ˽һЩ
Ȼǰӷɳ׷Сʱ˳ҵ׷ǡ
ûʱȥֻдҴһƳܿ߸ߵĳǽΧϵɫ
ٲȻ򡣺µ˹ڵϣµ˻۳һ۶ȥ
ӯȺд
޷Щֻƶӵ
۵¥̨һһС·
һټİʯ㳡ʯ࣬Ƕвٵİ˹ڵϡ
ʣȥóٵİȺˢˢ£ϵͷ۵ء
ˮˢǵ壬϶ׯصһ
ȴˮˮ
ǡѪˮ
ҶѪˮˢ
̨
ֻѪǴӰ̨ġΧ·ʲôڵǵߡ
ڰ̨ıԵһµȺ⣬һϵİ׷׺ˣֳһȣһȶյһ¡
ֻۿǰ׷׺ˣŻĽŲһһ٣Ų̋ʮȦ
ڼ䣬а˹ΧͶءȴһ˵
ׯ£ȴΪѪˮȾ˼ֱ
˲֪ãͣˡЩɢȥ
Щ˹ŶֶҶֻСĴΧֻȷ˴ûķˣܽӴ
ڰ̨ΧİˣŶףס
ЩɢȥĶ
еߵ磬еĲߣ½½ֱڡ
˴·ֻһټĮ̇㳡
ΧûжĽ·ֻһļ볡ȥһ̣ڴͣ
˶ȥ
Χ˼ž
ҹֻҹеǵ㣬¡
ΧһۿȥǻǱļž
վʯԣһƬɫѪˮ
̨᲻ǺĮļ̨ƣɻԥ˺þãȹ˰̨̨ס
̨аɿ
оŲ̨ס
һȥ
ǰ̨һƬѪ졣
ˮѪˮ
˵
Ѫ
ټĮ̇ǵ̵ףͼڡ
ڰ̨ģһꡣ
һ߽
ǺϽϲŽɫͬýš
ںڵĳʪţһ¡
˵һ±ѪˮȾ죬ʪ
رۣѪˮУǱıСޣӡ
ֱǺꡣ
üۣ࣬ÿһôôϤ
԰׵ɫѪɫĴʪǱ޴ɱܣɥ
ȴôôĲϤ
ֽһģҧŲԽԽ졣
ֱߵ̨ϣߵǺࡣ
ϥ£ֲȥü֮ˮ顣
Ѫˮ¿εȾ˺ɫѪ԰׵һЩұ
ʱĺڵһƬţûһ˿⡣
֡
ڿޡ
ơ
һƽƽ
ڲ
գգ̧ۣһֻϡ
ȵġ
𣿲ǵİɣδ޹
ˮ
С
±ۡ
ΣˮΣ޹ء
ּۣ©һģŻŵļ硣
ԨԨ
һۡ
۵ƽĮ
ֱأð죬ҵԼ
Բˡ
̨֪֪ϵԨ֪Щһһ˷һʱһ
ˡ
۾ض֣ð죬Ϊ˵ʱʡ
o𣿡
һ㶡
ܾҵˡֻoϡ
ֻoϣ룬ҲԣȻ֪ʲôΣܾȻԨġ
ҧź¶һõЦ
һ̣ͷðһԺɵĺβ𣬲塣
˵
Ŷ
o
ˡ
ԨһֱͷĶͷ˵£ˡ
л˵
~
С


161 
¡峤ףذ¡
ֻվ, ȥ¡
峺ᡣ
롣
ϾδӴǼʡֱա
ֱһİģѪ, ѪȵĻУ˱Ķͷʱ, ӻ롣
ԭ¹⡣
oˡ
ֱԨвԣ۷ԨѾˡ
ᡣ
ʮģȴϸ, ǳò, , 
ɫ޴ڷĮ̇, ٵ˿ڡ
ֵͷȥקǽʱ, һ
ŵİ£ֻڲǰɫġ
طȫԼѪȾ졣
·µһ, һͻ۶ϡ
ǡԨ
óСལ뿳ϽӡЩԨĴ, ˭ô, Ǻˡ
һʮŪ, һ쵽ҹһۡ
ûںԨ
Ҳ֪ΪԨһʮ꣬ʶҪ, ǴԨ
Сལ޷նǽӡ
óС𴸡
Сһó˷硣
зһ, һСС
Сֱһɫ
һ, Сʲô
ƺЩʲôͬ, ƾ˿̵
С𴸹ݺǽӡ
ûУСֱ顣
һ崦
ָһһšЩԨĲϿһֽŶСںҹжѪˮлԡ
Ҷ崦ӣѾҧء
뾡취Ԩڱϡ
Ǽһᡣᡣ
ʮ꣬Ҫ߳ͷȴļûз
嵽׾ʲô
ֲȥ˼ֻܱԨһ뿪̨
ϵѪˮһ붼ԨѪ
ҧأŬȥͷ
Լŭռݡ
뿪̨ˮʪУҲ
ȥ
Ԩʲôݣû֮أ
ȥ
ԥƬ̡ԨˡǴȥ֮һʲôⲻӦԡ
ԨԾڷ֮ϣҹɫʶѰһƫԶĽ䣬˵ķݡ
˵ƫԶžΧݣ˴ĻķϡӲݴлôһССʯ
вѾˣѺۣӲݣ֩ڲǵС䣬Ա߻Ŷ
ְԨСʯڷ£ӽȡȡ΢ʰһ¡ŽԨ¡
ǱһѪ˺ۡ
ְȥôһڻУۡ
ǻһлĵˣʱᱻսᡣ
ִӽȡʦָĸֵҩԨι˽ȥ
Ԩƽȣʯһ硣
ִӽͳС룬С˺ð죬СһСͰ
ˮСͰʵĻˮԥ£ˮһŵҩ
ѡһ޲ʪˮſԣȽԨϵѪˮϴɾ
ɾˣҲĸˡ
ԨòҲȫǡ˵ü۸Ǹ˵ꡣ
Σֻڵһ۾ϳ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôԨֻ壬ֻǱСˣ
Ϊ׹ʱ䲻һ
־ʲô
߬޲ðȥСͰϴ
ԨϱѪˮʪ类ŪɣһȴԵѪ߰ߣŶ޷֡
ԥ£ȥ⿪졣
ԭĸһᱡİ£ϵһɫ˿ߡѾȫѪˮȾ
Ҫ֪ϻʲôˣֻѡ
ѵϵ⿪Сѡ
ᱡ¶˻δȫſ塣
ס
һİ𪣬ҲԵɫ޺졣
ɫ弡˿֣ɫģ˿߸һϸϸ˿ʤ鲼ÿһ硣
£ǰС
ֱֿð
֪ڳ˵ʱԨǹɱˡ
ڣֻץЩ˺ԨˣȫõƬƬ
ߣҲֻţ޲ؽϵѪȲܿ˿ڶϴ
ְֱѵ
ֱۣ󣬼米ͬˡ
ڻԣַķֱۼ϶ϴɾðָѺ󱳲ϴɾ
Ԩû£ֱӳ
ÿζ˼࿴Ҳ֪Ϊʲôֻǲһ˿ڶѡ
Ƶĵҩ˾ͿĨЩüλá
ڿλá
ֶԨĳ㡣
ᱡһմѪİ졣
˳ֱȣûжڵá
ҪҪĳ
˺ð졣ôˣҲٲ˰ɡ
ѡ
Щ̫һ
ﲻһԼҲ˵
޲ԥ˺ð죬ȥ
ĿϵŽɫ˿
ȥ⡣
ðŽ⿪
ҪҪȥˡɡ
һǸԨϴ˿ڣ̫ţԣܽš
֡Ŀһק
ûק
е겻֪ʱذְۣס֡
ֻС
Ȼǻ壬СȱļҲʵֵ£·ܸоһһ
ִ㵵غԨĿԡ
еξкòôһʶͲԼ״̬ܲܺá
ڡӡ
֣ơ
ʲô
ڵغˡ
æҪջ֣Ԩѹ̫ѣС
ƺһɿ֡
æֳ
㣬Ҹϴϴ
ַɿ˵
̧Լ۾ðû
Ūˣ
ЩԼոʱ򰴵Ԩϵ˿ڡ
ͷС˿
Ƥܰףһ¾ͻºۼ
ڣոְѹλãͺһƬ
С
Ǹǹġ
ȴôһ֣ԨһԼ壬ŬŲ㿪ֵ֡
Щܻġ
ʲô
ִδԨģȤ࿴һ
һࡣ
ֵǸܿ죺Ū˰ɡ
⼸⣬ش
ְֻڿ±
ּҲɿҪϴϵ˿ڵģɿ֣Ұϵ˿ڶϴһ¡
ԣϳɣҲ޷仰ȷĻش
Ĭú˵ԡ
ּˡ
ٲϴ˿ô죿
ǳԷýԼ
ֻҵӣҵġӡ
С
㶡ʲô˵
Ϊ˴Ԩoðˣʲôðġ
һƿĽ
ϵ
ǡ
ҿԡ
л˵

ƭɣƭ꺢д۵
~


162 
úܼ򵥡Ԩ˿϶Ҫ˵, ˿ҪϴҪ飬϶Ҫѿӡ
ǼðӰˡһʱ֮, ΪƭǸ
ȻԼݰţ˵ֵӣԼ
ԼԼ
Ϊ, ûҲôΪ
ЩԨһ˫ֱ
걻ûһţӡ
ֻ֪˵ʲô, ɺ, ǰһ, ֱӿԨˡ
Ұʧ
ף
ֻôһ˲Ļ, 뵽ԨԼ˵Ļ, ²ӦŰ
ֲ
֡
޷, ҲֻȰķϵСһ¡Ԩ֪Ҫء
Ӳݴ, ǽ濪, ֩Ļɲˡ
˳ɨɾ, ǽ÷һͽֲȻǰ߲¾, ûôˡ
ֻСȥ˶ͬǻķϵģѳһʰ, , ִӽȡص, Ҳ
ʰЩص䣬ԨѾ¿ˡ
ѾϴѪ۵޽СͰɴţϸŽ۲
Ǹողְš
̾һ
ǵģʲôãҪԼǿ
ַ˷ңԨ֮ǰֻһ
ûбѡ϶ܴѪ۵ѡ
ֻȰѶһ࣬뷨ӸԨŪһ
Ѿҹµ϶ǲŵġ
ǾֻС
ˡ
ִӽѡѡһɫ
䣬ԨһѼһ¡
ǵ༫ҪʱԨġ
֮δ
ѷԨͷߡ
ҹš
ԶȺİԼԼĺһ
ҹ΢ϵ΢ĺϸɲ顣
ԥ£ԭϴ齡
ͷһ£β͸Ԩֱϡ
ȹһʱٸιһεҩ
һû˯ʱһΣһԨ
ҹ˯ò㰲ȡʼڰ˯Сιҩʵȥ
ʱң־˯Ҳܸо治ů塣
޷ֻ塣
ñ
һ㶼ϲĴСŬɵĴβ͸Ԩϡ
ë׵ģʮů͡
еԷԴССһź꣬˫ֽ§ڻС
ֱԨˣԷһĽǶһȦ

ʲô
ӦԨûѡ
ôţе֡
ֻŬֱϣ
Ժ˯˰ʱ
ֵøԨιҩˣۣԼԨ§šû
ôʱ΢Щ¶ˡ
ǺëëѩһƵģ
ţԨȴˮ֮˽ץžݣôҲ֡
޷ֻȻΪΣУ§ʵЩȫȻ֪ô
ɿ֪˿ûаȫУǾô§ţˡ
Ԩûжͷּ羱˯ñҹлҪȡ
ֵ˫ֶûȥҪǰ˿Ū˾Ͳˡ
ҿôģӦû̫ˡɣ
ԥ£˯ðȣԲˡ
Ǿú˯һɡ
һαС˯Ƭ̡
һΣѹĲ
ں¼˯ѡ
ҹȴͬһںʧȥʶ˯ȴӵůһСС̫ĻУů
̰ģᡣ
ôӵС
ִδᵽůоѡ
ð᲻ۡ
ʵҪԵġ
ۡ
һгĲ²⡣
ĻУŮ˯ţ˫ֽ§ĻУ
ܲɷ֡
Ľڡ
Ż㵥£üҪؿڡ
Ǻ£ΪѻеŮѡ
ɿ֡
ڻеŮûѣǲػһͷĺڷɢļЩۡ

ϸϢ
Ҳ
ϼٵ˿һϡ

ˣɵ޴ˣֻܽŲ۰ͰͶ˸ݶ
һƳ⣬ݶ
ֹ˺һоԼ˯ŵͷᶯ
˯ʵۣԼԨĸ첲˯
ֱƺЩۣ˶
ˣ̲ˡ
գգۣԨ죬ӦǺöˡ

ۣЩ˯⣬ڷ
ϣ϶ʱʲôʣ
Խŵأһץ˸ʲôϡ
˯һҹˣڸǣЩڶˡ
ִ˸ǷӴϷ˸ŴϵԨʡ
Եʲô
ԨץԼһ˫ֱ
û˵
ͷӣЩСˡĬȴרע
£ֱ˵
㻹ˣԵ͵İɡͺܺá
ѷߣˮɫģСǡеС㽫ʹɡˮԼϴȥԵġ
˵תҪȥ
Ǯ𣿡
Ԩô˵ͷЦ˵ҺöǮʯҲУá
ü΢
ʯ
Ц⽩ǡ
ô£ףǮõʯͬ
ǣ޷ģ
۰ͰͶԨ
ǣô죿
ҪԨѶˣҲûмܷǮƵĽӣҲ޷ĵġ
˼һӶûУ
Ǿû취ˡ
ֻܴӽȡ⸬ˮҡ
ɣǽųԵ㡣
תٻߵ
ǸŮģԶЩ
͡
أµȣٵ˿ڵģ
ʵˮֲˮŪģɽȪˮʡ
ϴִӽȡһСš
⻹һŵ̺һ̡
ˡ
ͷβӽȡôĶ°ܴ֮һʵķ
ֽ⸬ݸԨ
ھ⸬Щˣͳ԰ɡ
⸬
ǺϲԨ⸬ܺóԡ
ԨԼôġ
ֳһ̧ͷ
Ȼ⸬춼û
Ԩ㻹ˣԶеġ
ֻΪ죬Ȱһ䡣
ֱ̧
㺰Ԩ
һ㶣ҧ⸬ԡ
ѽ
׷ʣΪʲôôң
⸬ʮֲ⣺ѽ
һֱԨġ
С̣ʦʱ
Ԩʲô
ֻԣ𰸡
û֡
һ㶡
ûС֡
Ԩôûأ
кȻһɻĵͷ
ϴˣܣԨ־Բϴ
ǲˣ
ô˵괹˵
ӳ˶ӡ
׼ҵѪʱӴˣȡҵĹʱӴˡ
ӡ
ִ㵵صɴۡ
ڵԨ˵ףӣ
yihuaӵļ䣬ȴԨļ䡣
ǰ˵׸Ԩףӣ
˶ֻ֣ûС
̧֡
˵ҵ֡𣿡
Ŀһ
뵽Ԩ˵һ仰
û˸
ϲ֡
ǣԨأû˸ȡĻԨǡ˭ģ
ֲ֪
ֻűǼеᡣ
˵ͷ
ţԨ֡
˲ңԺ㡣
ִµ֣˵İ׿ڸҵ֡
ϡһ˿⡣
ë˳΢΢˲
󣬴
Ƭ̧̣
һֱ𣿡
룬˵İӺҶѵʱǵȷ
꣬˵ͷ
ԡ
գգۣǣǣ
ҶԻšеڴˡ
л˵
~


163 
СʯλƫԶ, һû˻῿
ΧǻĲݣǱһЩͭ
ͬ, вСﴩ
ֻһʱСʯݳʰһ
ϴϴˢˢǽڵ涼ɸɾһž޴ĵ̺, ͹ƽĵסҲƽ
ΣС, ŵ, , ߽ŵ, ƿ
̫, һʱѪСŽŵ, ڸ޺õĴ߹
Ԩһֱڿ
һˮɫ, Сʶ, ˬɾ
СʯѾ仯ܴ, ֮ǰǷĻݣھϢļҡ
ֹҺ˴ߵﻹһ
ںϡ
СߵʶŻ, ׼һŷ
㡣
Ԩȥӹеĵ
ƺܾ£, ´ǵڶ, Ԩ׼Сϲ, 󶼴ˡ
ԼҪϢ
ȴͬ⡣
ŬŬ죬ԨȥϢ
һ죬ʼռԨ˵ҩϢ˿ڡ
¶ġҲæ
Ԩ֪ڵʲô
˿ڶˡ
һƽСԺʱ˵ġ
ʱֱ˵ˣֱӰ˰ڷҡ
ô˵ֲŲء
ٵ˿ڣ飬塣
ɼˣôһϡ
ֻʶӲš
ǵģΪڵԨʶ䵽ӵϣҼ̳ӵļ䣬Լˡ
ô˿Ԩ˵һʶˡ
߾ƭģoϡ
ΪǰҪӲţװһµӡ
˵ֻ˭š
ֻԼںϽưһš
һ졣
֡
̨ˡ
ֽеĺ㲻ö࣬Ҳʮš
ֻ̨Ǹ鷳¡вδЯ̨
ֻȰѺڷݵĸ䡣
ʣµĻӦþ޲ݶϵƶˡ
ͷݶ
û֩ûưܵķùҳϴɾݶκ˼ҵĶһ
ʧ޵ƶһ
޲ҪƬġƬҪȥŪأ
ԨһֱСʯУûǮ׳Ǵ粽С
ŤͷԨ
ôǮ
Ǯ㶫ʳԨ壬衣
Ԩǹɵģ
סҽ񽵣
ƾһһ˵
ЩҶᡣ
ֿյü
ȴ
Ϣ
һ㶡
oˣϢֻҪһ˿ƣʦ
۾һգգ
룬ϢԼСС
ѵҪϢĵز׬Ǯ
ͳС𴸡
С𴸴˿ֻаƴСɿɰȫ׷ħﴸ
ԨĿСϣǲһ£գգۣջߡ
Ϣ
ԣܸ֪Ϣ
ǡo˰ɡ
޷
ǲǣoˡ
ֻ᲻á
Ϣõģôʡ
ԨֲɲժģСޣ
Ԩ
Ҵȥ
ҵطԼȥУҪϢ

Ԩûбôĵ䱦ʮֲӦԥƬ̣Ǿ仰ش֡
ҵ˶ˡ
һôô񡣷ҪװȬ
Сεͷˣҿ
¼ûһƤȫ˿ڣôһ죬ʲôȬ
ɱ
ֱֱۣһϲô죿
ɶ񰡣û뵽Ԩ䵽ף壬Ȼ
ˡ
Ԩлһ˿㵡
Ҫ
ֲԾ߬½
ǰ·Ȼ߳ġûκη֮Ƚϴ˿ڡ
ɲȫܶˣô⿪ѡ
С
Ԩ֪ô˵⣬ǹִŤͷȥ

־֪ûá
Ӳװš
룬ӽзһЩ·Ԩ
ҳȥЩֲڼҰҰ·á
ԨȱһŮѡ
ѺܸɾǳϵϢ
ĶʱͨһƬ޴롣
²ǣҲǣӲͦͦѰԼżһ
ҲҪԨֲָλˡǾɽϲɼֲˣȥ˿͸֪
뿪СʯǰֻԨҪܡ
ֻʮģܵܣֲԾһЩ
ǵִףһ뿪Сʯݡ
գҹбԨСʯݲͬ
һ뿪ƫƧ䣬ͻߵǰ
ִӽз˰ɫĽϣִ϶ñ
ѾЩ˵ĴŴŷֱˡֻ˲Żᴩ¡
ǸʿҲˡǾʹ£ȥɼֲ˵ͨ
úܶ࣬ʵߵ˵ĵطʱ˶࿴һۡ
ˣŰµʦߺµķˣǽ´Ҵҳһӿȥ
¶ñͷ
ԨӣЩ˸òǷӴ˰ɣ
ץʱ任ǮȻİ취
ֵʱǰ˴ӳſڴҡڽģ˿һҡ뿪
뿪˳ţֻͷۡ
ʵĳǽɫܡſڵϷһߡʬ塣
ͫһ
ͷ
ԣʱӦòҴ
һԵ·һ
뿪ǳزԶһС֡
ֳǱߵһ붼ûʲôõֲ
ҪǮģҪʮɽС
лسɴ´˴գʧ
λӰʮһɽ¡
˴ɽ࣬ٿԶǹƽԭ·ףĵ̶ǱʲôţԶȫòǳ޷ףһеơ
һܰȫԱĵط
ɽ
ɽгŲֲֵֹֺܶ඼ʶϰϲʶȫռȥǮ
С¨ܿ챻İֲװ
ɽгֲвٵС
һʱЩۡѰһµһ͹ʯͷĻ£
ֻ˵͵ĵطû˵ʲôطȴǰף塣Ҳû˵ôȥ
᲻ǻȥЩˣ
̾˿
ֻǴ˿ôҲûãĿǰҪǰԨչ˺á
һֲ͵ûȥˡ
׼ȴʲô䵽ͷϡ
ġ
ִͷϵӡ
ȴġ
һ
𶯣

ѾΪرһ£վ
һ̣һһʹ
ۿһɫСߣɿߡ
һˮɫ꼱Ҵǰ
ô
˶ˡԨڼʮĳУСʯ۵·
ôûϢ׷
ԨȫۼĲ
ĲӰϸһλãһԵӡ
ɫѪѾ
Ҫɺɫ
綾
̧ͷһۡ
ֻδ񣬾ͱԨżһơ
ɵһٴεʯͷϡ
굥ϥУͷ
꼸ǿȵؽְ§뱧ڻУĴأŵأӡ
˱ֹ
л˵
~
~


164 
ȵĴĴ, ˽ԭء
һ˲ûзӦֱһ˿һ˿ۣŷӦ
ҧˡ
Ԩ, Ԩڡ
߶
ˣ
ֵԲۣãȻڰաȵĴԾɪ˫ָǲ֪, ţϣҲ޴ץ
߶ĺܶԼ巢, ԴЩκˡ
ҧ, С˵˰ɡ
Ԩ, ȴֻץɢͷ
˻ûûصһץ, ۵ð, һ
ǲֵĿܣԥ£˿ڵλ

ֽ̧졣
ֲС
ʲôʲô
һ, ɱ, ϸ˿ڡ
, ҧλѾЩ΢΢ĺ, ʮԣӡλѾûѪ
ӡСһ״, Ѿ̫Ǳҧĺۼǡ
˺˰벽, ͷȥ
, ȻѪ
߶Ӧްˡ
ڨڨ, ̧ӲסˡЩɰͰŶһ
һʱ֮䣬Щ΢Ρ
˺ööࡣ߶ĻýⶾͿԣԨ벻һ㣬ȻֱӰ
߲Ԩϡ
Ĵɫ޺죬Ŵƺаٰ㲻ڣֱŴͷȥ
ʲôҲˣգգ۵ͷ
Ĭ˺һоĳأ߶ǳױŪȥˡ
ȡɤӣʣôˣ
û£֮ǰĳ嶯ȥ޾Ƶͨ죬֣վýӲһ
ֱֵʻЩİ͵ػش
ҡ·
вУôεȥԼ˵ǿԨôӣҲ᲻ԾЩߵġ
ôܺءԨ֮䣬ŵġ
ֲﷴԼ߲ܺܽţԨԨ
̧ĿԵ˲䣬۵׵һ˿ţЩǵأ۰ͰͿ
գգۣɿƿߡ
Ŷ
Ҳûô׷ġ
ǡ߰ɡ
ĴĴϵĻҳС¨ڣɼֲЩóȥЩǮġ
ҪС¨ȴֱһᡣȴԷС¨ȥԼĬĬˡ
˵˲Щûӡ
ְ
ԼûͬʱҲڲ⡣
ԨܶΪʲôڵϹʱ򣬺Ԩ΢С
Щš
ʲôѽ֡
ָ˼ɽ·㲻᫣ˮɫ걳С¨Ƚǰֻ߼һͷ
·Ҫͷȴٻǰһ̣ǿаס
ֻǿĺףȴ֪ôԼ·һ̵뷨
ԥ£ŵ߿죬ߵԨԶ
ĽŲˡ
Ȼǽŵ򶼽ֱˣһŷ
֮һ·ûвͷĶ
Ϊ֪һֱڿ
δС¨߹ɽ·ټϱţһ·ߵĿĿİľս²Ȳȵˤһӡ
سɴɽ÷һȥ׳ǡ
ȵִɽţת֡
û֡
ҵ֡
ֳһ¡ЩðԨ֮ǰǣָ㲻ʲôȴŶôͷЩû֮ǰ
֪ӦС˵Ҵȥ
Ŷڨڨ֡
ֺչ˵ģԨ˫ЩͬϸֱƯȴ˿ڵĺۼ
˫ֽգֻԨ˵˾ʲôһΣѾصСʯС
㵵صɴۡسɴĿˡ
Сʯ֮ǰࡣͬԨһѣŵϡ
ԨС¨˳ַ˷ſʲô
׳ǳõһЩֲ㲻öֵǮҲǷ
ͷЩֲɸѡ
ѾСͰˮϴϴ֡
СͰ⼸ίˣһ룬쵱СˮͰá

̫ðСͰˮЩյصһԡľͰС
С뵽ǵģеĿеĲ
СһҪĶ
һǮ
ЩǮȻȥȡľͰϴһЩԨѣóԵġ
СĻĵش˿Ѿһ򵥵ԺӣȻûʲôݲݣǸɾġ
ˮСͰС裬ʢһˮ˽ȥ
һӡ
ԨСǰѡֲأҲõ
ԶС˶
΢ʰһ£ٸס˵Ĵ齣Ҳ
ֽ⿪½󣬰
ߴͷ䵽ӣúúòϴһ¡
ʪִԼʼ
󾱣ǣС
ҧĵط
ָǸλô˴
еۣе
Ҳ֪Ϊ߶඾Ϊġ
뿴ҪһѾӡ
˵ӵĻһѡ
ִӽзݳδעֻһͨá
žӲŲӣǸλá
࣬ҧλһӡ
ָһ£еۡ
ûжӦĵҩס
Ǿֻܿţ
ͷ˺һǾŲôԵһӡЩ֡
ڶžӿأʲô

ȴֻתȥıӰ
߬ȭĽأǱӰҲֱܿļ米
Ǹ
Щͳ
ʱżˡ
ԨĵǸЩ£¾Ӻ֪Ӧ
ΪԼڽ
˵ҲǣֻЩϰ߰ˡ
ڵԨ˼ЩСҲΪԼ
ûоĲԣͦõġ
ֻһڣо˵Щ֣֣ҲӲͷƤ˵ȥˡ
ҵ˼ǣûʲô
ΪԼ⣬˵Ƥףеɫͦÿġһ㻹ͦҲÿ÷
米Ӳԭأǰֳ֮ǰɿʱһĻ
ļů񣬾һӡ顣
޺콻֯εǰΣʲôֻһĨɫͣԴת
ÿĺÿÿδ࿴һ
ҲЩƮ
㡭ϲ
ϲһ㶣ôϵϲķ
ǿıӰǼ⣬ôҲ˵ϲ
ԨǸʲôδӴܴ꣬ʲ⡣
߳ܣŲһ
ţϲ
͵Ǻˡ
꽩ӲվԭأðˣŶת
߶ŵϡ
ǡ˵һÿҪ𣿡
߻ƣ˳ȹڣٵһĨɫĨ
ҡҧ
л˵
~
Ԩ꿨ͿʮԨѾ׼ˡ
ͷ۶۵ģϢ~


165 
ҧ
ַɿգ, Ԩߡɤӽеݳ
ˣ㣬ͷ, ҪȥǮ
˵մסŽ˳ȥ
űеݳɫĺɢȥ
񡭡ϲ
ϲʲô
ȥġ
ڷףϰߺйغ, ѡƫɫġ
ûк£ΨһĻԨĶ
ֻܾαװɺɫ
Ԩ飬ݳʱڴϷ
Ų, ̧
ôݰ, 鿡, ⿴һ۶޷ȴġ
, , ټף˵׳Ӧ˲ʶɡ

̽ŶԨ֡ڿƢԡ
Ȼ˳سں͸
ֹɡ
ֲò, һ˲õ˼㡣
ԨҲΪٻչ, ûѹȸ, ֹɵ˳ӸСһӾǽȻͬĸо
Ԩ
˶ʶ, ҪôڼһҪô
Ҹ㡣
˵꣬ѡһ
ָָ
, ʶɡôȥɲеġ
Թվǰ
ԥ, ԼĽзһߡ
׵׽ɫʻ, мơ
, һʱ仹Щ΢
ǵԨÿʦƭǰҴԨݡʱҲ֪ôģʹ£ղ
û뵽תתҪ߸Ԩϡ
ߡ㿴ܴܲ
ֻ䣬ԨѾԷнӹߣϡ
׵׹ǣɫ
ףʥҲףĽ
֪ûκγɵش˼
ָϵ˵㣬˵˾ʲôϵĽɫʧ
˿žһͨˡ
ֻҪûĴʦ֡
˻ϵ͵ɫѣԨߣҲ϶ñΪױֵˡ
ԼС¨ȴԨȥ
֣걳С¨
Сʯ뿪Ҫǰ˵ĵطһ׵¡ñ˷ǴҲߵʦĵط
ֲֶϤ˳żС˼ȦЩ·
ﶼǸָ߸ߵӣתģѷŵ˼һûС
һȦߵ÷ˡ۰ͰͶǰҹ
ǵڼߵֲ·ˣ
ֻ
С¨ȫ̰ظֵôߣôһֱŮıӰ
Ͳ󣬺࣬·أϸȣһȹڻĲζֻҪȹڵĲۣ֪Ρ
ֱڵϲȥȹڱСȵΡ
ֵ̧ߡ
ôߣйȷԼ߲ȥˣֻĿǰĵˣƲȥ
۵СôôԺ˰ֻû߹ôƵĵطߴ˱˷֡
ߵ֡
ѾȻ֡
˫ֽգۣһ˲λӰ
˵Ԩһпɱسɴʹˡ
´εҪô
Ȼûеȵ˲λӰǵȵǣ֣ǰ
ִ㵵ۡ
һǣһַС¨ı˳һֲ·ȥ
Ǵߣ
ָĽŲ
˽֣оʪġ
ȡҲ֪ĳ
û֨ʵʵĽŲߡ
Сǽںܸߣػزٵķֲ·˴ָҪһҲ·
ҿԨ
ֻһ˳ЩƵС˳
˵˳ߵģ˼ҵ
խխС˲硣ֺԨţ°ڻ᲻С˼ҵż̨ףѷĲ
Сſڣ֦ڵϻʲôͼ
˳ɨһۣ˷
ף岢˶ףķܹУм̳ĺҲкá˻Ϊ׺ͷˡ
ҵĺӣİɣССͶửˡ
ɨۣͱԨǣ߹
ףĽ״ɡ
ϾһȺˣҲ˰ף
ȴ֪Ԩߵ·ߣ
Ľԭвͬ
ַĵشԶ¥ΪСķݴɢΧ
Щ¥ǽڣ󶼲ŸеĻŻ
Ӹ߲¥߳ģǴŰµˡ
ӰС߳ģ󲿷ֶɫӽµͨˡ
ֻǵ̯ľ飬Ƭ̣ѰһĽͷ䣬ԥ£Ԩ
̯Ҫ˰𣿡
ҡҡͷ
ֻȺǹңûЩ
˿ǵú˵ģҪ̯ý˰˰Ļǻᱻץġ
ǰؼĺ
õ𰸣̽ӹŵС¨Ѱ˸һ̣С¨ֲһ
֮ǰֻҪΪףҲһʵʵ˼ҵķµʯգȴŵһ
ԹԱС¨ࡣ
ףİպѰǳصѰһ
žСƺģģбһ·ȥӱϴġ
ֵ˺һҲûзʲô
ֱһֲֹĺӱﵥţ´Ҵܵһ˸ǰ£ధ
Ǻӿ޵ÿԶֻܿǺǵͨ²ı
һ㶣վǺǲǱʲôˣ
ǰǰںӵϣ˵˾ʲôǺһ䣬۵³һɫĳ档
ŵɫһףƿߡ
ʦĳӳˡҲﲻӦ
ǹƳ档
ǿɫ̫ãСͣǸС˹ʦ
ơˣʦǹʦ
Ȼ̫ȷǹƿ϶ǹƵģϾʶУֻʦƳ档
ʦ֮ǰƳأڻڽеСľֶҷ
ӦûõϵĻᡣ
һͨٿֵɢȥʱ˳۾Ϳ˽ŵС̯
һͲŮһߵꡣ
ŹŹֹ֡
ǵ̯ϵĶѰõֲиʦ߹ɨۡ
мϵġ
ЩҪˡ
ʦһָһֲ
һӾ͸ˣһֲȫ£˳ȡ˼ſշֽŵݸˡ
ɻݹˣһֻ֪Щֲôֱѧǰ˵㰴м۸С
˭֪˽ӹֲߡ
ι㻹ûǮ
¿ɼˣæסˡ
ǰתޱȲطָָԼ
ҸǮ
ôܰ߶ʮּᶨȻҪǮ
ɫ
㵽֪֪ǿ˭ӻڵģҪҸǮ
һ㶡
ʲô˼ף˻˶Ǯ
Ǽ֡
Ҳӻ˭֮ҵĶҪǮ
Ц
ʦǮΣ
룬ʵڲУͰϵȥһ٣ϵǮ
һ࣬ѾĬĬƿߣ¶üۡ
İ䡣

걡һţа
ǰĻһ飬ҪӦһ̣ͫһһڵһ
أҲֵֻĻ̼һ
ּҴҵͷۣǰѾû˺
ȴġˡ
ˣôˣ
飬̧Ŀԡ
ƺֵЩԣһĸոյģСĵأЩŵҧŴСް㲻
ɼֲһʱ۵ġҲĶ
ɱ㲻𣿡
û˵ڷ㶡
ԣԨֻҪԳڣܶ
þõòֵĻشˣǰֵֽ߬䡣
ͷﻹЩ
´Ҳɱˣ
ϲĻѧ͵ġ
л˵
~
~


166 
Ȼôһ, ֺԨû̯ˡ
Ͻʰ˶ߵʱûûֲ
еĶ, ҲûǸͷ
˺ܿ뿪˳ӵĽͷصСʯݡ
صСʯݣſ̾
ǰæµһˡɼֲôʱ䣬Сıҧһڡòײнͷһʵİ̯ط, ֲûȥŪһ룬Ūһ
ͷ۵ط˸
ڿһ¡Ԩֵܶ˵ڵ, ʲôĴڣ
˵, ǲȫû˽ݱ, ԨĶ
ǸϣӵĴڣֻǡʲô
벻ͨ
Ҳû˼
ַ˸
ô, ǰ˵˵, µʦӺµķöǲøǮġֲ϶Ҫʦûá˵ĻҪôαװʦҪôֻȥ˵Ǯ
֮ô򵥵ġ
Ǯ, ʲôûС
ִӽзһѾʯ, Ū档
ԭʮֵǮľʯ, ˻ҡһǮȴֻӡ
ʯӨ͸, ֱֵߣȴˣ졣
Ԩ˿ô, Ҫĵҩû, ҪǽǮ, ɺ, һǮûŪѰ찡
ſڴϲˡ
С¨ؿһ
Ǯһ¡˵ԼǮԿ

һ䣬ֻδ˲ʧСʯڡ
һ̣ڰɫС
ĿһƬɫף֮
꿴ûһۣת˳뿪
յ¼ţһƬףɿޱ
ԨĽŲ⣬ȴռŵĵУһ˿Ųĺۼ

ֻڼڵĵط
һ䣬ռţܰ˱Ʒ
Ψһһģһ
경Űש⻬ɼӰصÿտڵС
ںϣǧʯӨ͸ȴһԻԵš
ǧʯǽϣǶĸֽ
ĵص棬صϣѷʯ
ޱߵǽڱߣֿ̧²ٵĽ
ֽϴŵʯժһѣټһصʯװһӡ
ô࣬Ӧû΢һɡ
뿴Цˡ
紵ĴҶΰΣҶ˳Ŵ򿪵ĴƮ䵽
̧ɨȥҶȻʲô
ǳ⸬ԼģǲǺܺóԣ
ֱΪԨСǶţٲþڷĳ䡣
ȥСԺС
־ѾˣԨԺǿҪʱʱ̿̿С
ߡ
ҲϰԵ˵ǵ˵ˣͷҴС
յġ
С¨ڵϡ
СԨժߡ
ȴӰ١
ͷ͵һ
Ծ뵽òΪڽͷɱǸˣٱ˰ɣ
ֽŵһȦ
ûУСԺûС
Զȥҡʱһ˲䣬ܴ
ҧվСԺл
ף壬ȫȻİĵطԨȻʧĲ֪Ҫȥҡ
ô죿
ּü´ҧˡ
ʹ΢һЩ
ˣӣǺȻʧĻȥҵĵطǸ̨
߰ȥЩʦҵġ
ǽһף壬ʹԨ뿪
ˣתݡ
ðСϡ
һתŻ󿪵ķУϷЩʲô
һ㶡
Ԩ
ԭȹܽȥüлһЩš
ոȥˣҲ㣡
صУݶһƶ©һƹ⣬ڴϣյ齽Ӳӵ
۾λˣԾֵ̧ǰ
ֵǧʯŵشյǰݵǰ
ʯûУʯʯ
һ԰Լеȫ֡
ʯʯ֮ײţֻ
Ŀؿ˵صʯʯмеĽҲԼˡ
Щʲô
ʯȥŪ𣿡ãȻʡ
ԹԵص˵ͷ
ҵģҵģġ
ȫ㡣
Ļ֪ԭԨ֮ǰʧǻȥĵЩˡ
ԭˣ·ɾǮư
Щʯ
ģ
˵ЩİģܱԨ˵ģֻˡ
۾أЩʯĻϲ
ǲǶ
ЩǲǾ޸Ԩ֮ˣǲǾܻȥЩˡ
ͷ
Щ涼
ĺϲ
۾й󣬴䣬¶˰ŴŴ
ϵһĨѪ
Ѫ
һͣĿֵĴϡ
´ӡҲбҧƵһ˿˿ڣһ˿˿Ѫ˳СС˿ȾĴ
ֻЦ
治Ԩѽʲôطʲôأа취ҵ·
ĶףĿİ
۾Цöгһˡ
̶̼ʱ͸㶨ֻõȺǻȥˡ
ϲϲ̧
Ԩ
ǿԻȥˣ
û˵꣬ͼȫעضĴ
Ĵ
򴽽ǡʲôףһ˿Ѫ
һ̣ͷ΢΢ͷ֡
⣬µһĨѪ
Щ
Ұ㡣
ֺһͣɴ۽Ӳһ
бŵʯһء
Ȼ˿Щֵǵ䱦ʯ
оϵʪרעߡȣֱס
Ӧ˺һ׹ʲôһҧȥ
˻
ۣŴһ˿Ѫð
Ǳҧˣȴͷ޹ؿ֡
ȣֻԼ·ȵû¶ðˡ
㡭ڳݲ壬򡭡ʲô
·ĽźȻָԼ˵㡣
ֹۡ
ܹ˵𣿡
ԴκġһСС˿ڱҲûʲôۣôһ˵ȷǲ˿ڵص
ִδԨһȥˣɰ̼زᣬֱ̧Ŵ
һĨѪȥϵС˿Ҳڶ̶˲ϡ
оʼ¶ȣСŵ˵ˡ
۲۵ģ㣬ô𣿡
ϲ𣿡
ʪںڵ֣ϱѪȾ޺졣
ƺЩ򴽽ǡ
ϲģϲ㡣
ֵָ˵ԼĴڴؿ֡
Ҳϲҧҡ
һ㣬Ҳϲġ
л˵
~
ǰ첻̫ˣΪֺöˣӸһˣֹҩŸҩǿȲ̫дҲдˣԽµЩ˱ǸQAQ
~


167 
ҪѪ, ʵûסԨˣһ˶СԺĵصСԣ̧, ϻ̵󼦵
ʲô
ôôСһ䣬ͿʼΪˡ
ЩҲẦߵѽ
ǡ
С
, 
ϲҧԭͣһڣҧԴ
ֻЩܲԼһʮǰ, ĶӡСǶһʱ䡣
׵ɫƻ, 
, ôʱ, ϶Լ˵ʲô, ԼҲ˴װ˰ɡ
ôʯñȥЩ, ô̽̽ҩĵġ
ָվ, һЩûվ, һִֻץס, ˵ǰ˵קصϡ
û°ɣ
Ȼδ󣬵ױָһ, 忴˵, ΡȻ, ûпô硣
ּǺȫȻĻ, һ̧ͷͷ°͡
ŤţֵķҿԨ˫ַվȡ
ַӦոնڵʱ̫ˣȻվ϶ͷվȰ
йˡ
ֺòƽգðˡ
û¡
ŬԼվȡ
ֻ˫վŵû֡
Ҫ÷Լطаɡֵͷӽȡ
꿴ŷֽȴǰסֵ
ֲһѽ⣬͵ܴһطС
õķʽˡ
ʲôķʹġ
ĬȴǴùŷһ˴ᱧ
ĻУֻ˻
Ļ仹ԵЩۣǺ֮Ԩûʲô̫
̤ʵС
ֻǡ
ֽŶǱֱ˵ģԼߡ
һģΨһΣҪ󣬴ᱧصУϣϥ࣬ͷ
㲻𣿡
񴿴ִš
ӷ뿪СԺжš
ʼճԼ˼Уȫûзһֱվš
ʲôûô뿪ΨһĿܾǡ
ڶ

İ
Щ̫ˡ
ף׶η
ں
ʲô̬ȣ޹ء
ŮһƱܿΪļֱѪ
ΪʲôҪ㿪ʲô
ɱˣ˵ϲ
ġ
Բ˵
ֻ
ƨһ䡣
ûУ顣
ϵʯѵƨ̷ۡӦץһʯԨС
Щ涼ĻҪôȡأ
ɰڵϣͷ濴ֵüۣȷĺܺ
ջߣվ

굱ֵ棬һʯСֻһգʯȻһһʽС
ѧģԡ
Լ壬Ȼȥˡ˳ġ
ţҲһʯ

ֵ˺һûκηӦ
ף
̧ԨеʯѾȻ޹⣬еȫߡ
еʯԭⲻҲ˿оʡ
Ĳ
ףղ
̽һ䡣
ҲΪʲô߶ܵõԭ
ֻײա
׾ȫȴ޷֪һ
ȻֻΪһܻأô죿㱳һѵʯȥڵʱֻα׵Ĵڣһ˶ûС
ǰ״
ֶ齵ʯЩ¡
ǱŽӶ
۲Ƭ̣ʣҪΪ𣿡
ֻعҡҡͷ
롣
嵽ʲô֪ΨһӴģֻԨˡ
Ԩһߣӵݸ٣Ҳ֪
ǺԨദУܸо׵ǽȻͬġ
̯֣еʯûһ˿󣬺̺ʯرĲͬ
ӣбķ𣿡ֵʯʵ
ĬƬ̡
ĺ𣬰סǿʯ
̧ʱޱ档
֮ǰ˵ҵӡ
գۣضԨ
ö˶˵أôȻᵽһ磿
ǿΪ¶ӡԣΪ˰˿˵Ļ
o϶ð䣬˳·ðһӰˡ
òˣǼ̹ƭģҲӡ
껨⣬֪
Ȼ֪˵ƭʱ򣬻Щڴյ΢
ΪʲôڴأΪ˵ֻзͬ롣
ǶԷޡ
Ǳ˴أϧ
ʱûɿյ֡
ǰӲ⡣
ҹİǰһʱȻԼϧ
İģȴӿȣһγ֡
ֱڣ֪ʲôζ
ޡ
Ļ
ֻűǼЩ˼
ƭһʱ֮裬Ǹ
ع
΢΢ҡͷ
ƭʲôģں
Ҫĸࡣ
ҵӣܳҵ
˼򵥽һ䡣
۾һ
Ӿܳ
ǡ
˱졣
ǲеġ
Ԩ֮ǰ˵ף
Ԩʲô֪ɲƭһ㡣
ҪǵȻȥԨ֣Լƭٵɻ飬ָжء
ҡͷ
С
꾲ؿһھܾ
˳ĽëڸһƬӰ£
ЩΣô죬ûģҲûа취ֻЩʯ
Ҳ̫Ľ˰ɡ
ַˡ
϶ñȡһʯ
ҳȥ
ȡҲܰ׺ʱ䣬ֱֻ顣
ǰ뿪δʼո
ֻ˶
ŶñȺУѧŷֱЩ˺׵Ǹ׵ĽŲȥĵ̣ʯһЩ˵ҩ
֮ͰѻɢǮȥ˵ӣѣľͰԼһЩ
ֽЩȫֻֽװŵһЩСʳ
굽ǳͣرࡣע˻ش䣬⻹һ顣
־һСתתȥҲ·ڶξͱܿ˵һεã˳˳˻
صСʯݵԺУѾŵˡ
˵ǵƣʵʮź飬ԨûĿյơ
Թϣһɫųдһ˺˿ߵϸ裬̧˳
ˡ
ڿҹŵƵķɵ꣬ﱻϲװˡ
һ
ػشտ첽صС
Ķһͳ
͸СʳСѷϣְҩݸ
ҿҩҪԼ
ֻľͰֱӿľͰݺݰᵽ˶
ˮˮϴ˼飬ľͰϴĸɸɾ
ʼоôˮ
ˮˮľͰûͼ¡
ľͰߣһֱڲ¶ȡ
˵ģ˺öأľͰںбɫˣֱԳһʵ¶ȡ
˿
ŶԨôԵģڳԶ
Ϊ˱ǽŲ˶ſڡ˳˵
ݸˮȱŶ
ڳҩ
ɬģûκδҩһһ¡
ġ
ǻϲġ
ɨ顣ֶ
괹
á
ֵõش𣬲ݽˮУľͰأһ

⼸ƣ룬ݽˮкһɨգȻϴϴܱء
̧һֻţϸȱֱףմˮľͰԵ
ʱʱŽųˮ͸˫ֲˮ棬ӯʡ
ַ˸˫ֱľͰڣ°ֱϣˮ˳Ľë䡣
Ȼ
ֻǵԨûоݣ΢һЩѣʪĳղ֣ţݹˮķཡ
ƹ߳ȥ
Сϵҩʳȫˡ
ʰ˲ؾϣŶķ
ŲŻ
Сͨ죬۾Ҳʪġʮɢ
ϴ
óС룬׼֮ǰһˮԨԼֱƹ˶
һ㶡
ȵȣ˻ûкòˮ
˭ֻ֪ٵһ䡣
ˡ
ּˣ˽ȥ
ҲҪҸ㻻ˮ
ϴ꣬ûüʰأ
һ߽ȥأ¶ϸ
ֲҶ࿴ۣת
תϡǵãȻǼƺһ㱡ļġ
ҡ
û˿ڡ
̧ҧָ
հԨȻʱٵ˿ڣеɼǣѪ졣
ôż죬ȫˣ
ˣ
Ҳûȥ
鿴˿ڵʱôУ˼Ҫԡ
ˣöš
ˮûԼ
ǸӣŪˮɡ
ƺӦһ
޷ֻ˳ȥ
ź飬ᡣ
˲ʪĳҲ÷ֱʪſڴߴ硣
ҹ΢ġ
ݹҹеõ⣬紵κۿҪ˯š
֪˶ãֺؾѡ
۷Ӧ˺һôڴ˯ˣԨأϴ
ۣĳѾˡ
һһ㶡֪ʱ𣬸ոԡࡣ
һʪų壬͸
ԡ괽ݰף׽ѩ䣬ɫȴޱ޺죬һӡǳǳ档֪ںʱҧµġ
ҹаؿ֡
һжȣרע
ַ·𿴳һЩ
еϤ֮ǰԨһЩµʱ
ҹֵָ֣Ĵϡ
ָȣϸ壬ᰴѹ
©һġ
Ԩʼտߴרע𽥱ýꡣ
ָʼհֵĴϣȴ֪θһ
꣬۵׷⣬Щίġ
ִһţָҧһڡһ
ǵġرԹһ䡣
ĿУҲ֪˭ȿ
ͷһ
л˵
~


168 
, ֮ǰԨҲû׹ںʱ򣬺Ȼһ¡
촽˴¶, ġ
úܼ򵥣һҪףȴǲ֪ô, ʮֽꡣһºˡ
ԨĴ׼˿ȴһְסһַ, ײ
һҪ̻˵Ĵ, 󱳶̲ס, һ, ְ̧סԨĴ
˰
һۡ
꽹, ҪõЩʲôȴûо飬ֻίգգ, 
ֿɲҾô, ̫ǿ, þյĳ, ̫Ĳȶ
ֲȶЩĻšδ֪ģԺ֮޷ѿصĻš
괹ɵˡ
ֳûϽתߡ
֮ǰڶƳ, ˺񶼺ˡȻЩ⣬Ԩûƭ, ȷ˺ˡ
Ͳذռ, ۰Ͱ͸ʱ, ָָڴߵС齡˼ԡ
˯ˣС齲Ź
ڴϣڽָƽ
˸
ֱһŻûʰʯˡ
ʯССһʯȴ޿κεĴڡ
ֶѵͷߣۡ
ϣеԾϹԹ˯Ҫץ
ֻأϢѾŴ׼ˡ
ȥ
˵
յõһͷôһ㣬һŻգʱ޿̲뿿֡
ֻʵʵӴȥ
һҹ
ֻʱѾ۰ͰͶڴߣĿϡ
ֱජסΣС
˯˷ӦԨûƢƿ
ڵӣ˶ûԱһ
ţ꣬ί޹۰ͰͶסֵģʵϧ

ֻҪԵľˡ
Ȼ֪ԨڿЩʲô²϶ٲ˹ϵ
ҹǱҹɫͷ
ߵ꼸ߵ
һͷֱܶȵ
ƿߡ
ȥ̽̽ףڼ
Ҹ㡣
ֻһѡǾǽ
޷ͬˡ
֮ǰŽƺ£һɫһһס
ŽϽ֣Ԩ߷ۣԥ£ʸմѵԨ
ıò𣿾㲻ôƯ
ƯԨ
Σɷڵע⵽ò
£ƯУܺڵòȽϵģҲֻпܵСǣ
򴽣ȴҡҡͷ
֪ôףûнתò
˶˵룬ûܿɿŮüΪյӣʲôû˵
⣬Ϊʱ˼ռ˼á
ΣǾû취ˡ
մҪܶˣǺɫĻᱻ˵İɡߵȷ̫ʣֻܿñ΢һˡ
ͬŶñƹСС
ƽ׳ǺԵĳǳؿûʲô
ֻ켣ȺУǷΪ׵İ˻ȻԽСʿڷǰһвٸ߸ϵ̬
Щûбʲôˡ
ΨһȤģžǰĹԼԴ̸Ĺ
֮ǰϹʱȻͬ
Ǵź£·İ˲δǶˡ
ֻ켣У˲ףСԡ
˵ζЩζ˵ֿ֣ЩѳӷϿСʳñ£һˡ
ĽŲ󣬻бżֽ
⣬⴮ЩصСԡ
ֱĶܣЩӣʵụ̂뿪С̯ɵûͷۡ
ףˣȻӶСԣ
Ҳ֪һԳӵˣǾʲô
Ŀĵعţ󲿷ʱ䶼ڿס
Щµ׺ͺµķŽȻͬǳ߲ĸ¥·߻кµķ˹ݡ
ֺԨ󶼶ڽ䣬Ȱµ߿˲ų
ȻʲôԨ
Ҳ𣿡
ǳ༫һ
괹ȥа⡣
ᡣ
ÿһݣһӶᡣ
ֺȻҵ׳ʱǳѪУԨ֮ǰЩϵйݡ
Ǳڼ̨ϵԨȴżٵɼǵ˿ڡ
Ƿ·һ׼ģԨѪ׼
ֺش˸
̷֣Ķͷ
е
ְŴ뷨ѳһӵͳˡ
Ԩ˵ӡ
ڵԨӣӾԨӾһУԨġ
ȻҪʹࡣ
˵ĺܰɡ
뵽ʲôǣֵ֡
롭𣿡
ɬʡ
ֻع˵ͷ
˵Ѿףȷһġ
ǣ֣ãۡ
˳ӵرۡ
һʱûжǿ˿۵
ȫȻ
˺һסԼĳ嶯
ܵģʱûͬô
Ҫˣ˵ʱܡ
Ѿһģ˼·
ֱ˺һʼûиоʲô仯
ҪżҪߴٵʱ򣬺Ȼת
һգ˼ʧء
ŵ͵һܿصۡ
һ̣ȵصɴۡ
˿Ưںص֮УĽ£һ޴Ԩ
ԨףƯűֶѵ
Ԩ֮УнɫĲʢľ޴󻨶
ŨŴ˼ÿһ
ɾģġ
·ڷϵӯ䣬ȴʼбƽ⡣
߬Ԩ֡
ĿضµĽɫذ껨䡣
ǡʲô
龧͵ʥ
ֿ˺һ
ǻǽɫģذҲչŻꡣ
Ư
ϲĿת
һ㣬Ԩ
ֵһЩΪûվȣŵض֡
һ̣Ѿֳֽɫذ龧ǰ
ϲ
óڿ龧ʱ۾ġ
ϲĬĬˡ
˿̣׵ؽʥժ£ֵǰ
͸㡣
һ㶣һӦǣժӰ𣿡
ףʥʲôã
ҡҡͷᡣ
ŷģСӹɫذ껨
ÿһƬ궼Ө͸ԴڻƮΣУйɱϢ
ֵȷϲġ
ԨûӰĻժ˾ժˡ
Це룬Ҫ仨˭һ̫β
»ˡ
̧Цü䡣
лл㣬Һϲ
лҲɡ
õĵлͷСҿҪл𣿡
һ㶣л
⡭ˡ
ԨҪлҲǲԡ
˵ͷ
۾һָָ̧ԼĴ
Ҫҡһҡ
ɫȾϣ֡
סˡһû֨
͡ô˵أ֮⣬ֺܺ
һ춼·Ϊ˼
ֶҺӡϾöеĽΪʲô
û뵽Ԩĺϲǰ֮ǿԨر
еĳл
ü
ð
һڴӦˡ
һ
һ춼ǹţ޷񣬻뾡취Ҫġ

΢΢ǰ塣
ֱ۵׵ȣҪڻ
ôȵУЩߵġ
̧գɰͰ˵۰
˳رۡ
Źͷ̧ͷĴǡ
Ϳ˰ɡ
׼˻ء
һֽ̣סĺ󾱣ۣ۵һƬ޷ϨĻȡ
ſ죬ֱײش
л˵
~
ǳӿ˦ɵСԨ


169 
һɲûӦ, Ϊȴ΢ţǸԨܺõĻᡣ
Ƶָ֮ǰδйģһֱ̻˵ǿϮ, ޴ˣ޴ɱܣ, ١
İģȵģЩĲļ¶ͷԷΡ
޷, ð, Ԩָ°, ţ
, ſļͷһ, Ŵڴں
ͨ죬ֶЩԨ, Դɽ, ʲô޷˼
Ҳ˵һʱľܾ, һαŴ, ŽǶȽʵʵ˸͸
ҹĻУƺǺ, ޾ԨڣѾû, Ļ, ֵ̧۾, ȴסĺκ΢׵Ĵ
֪ԭˡҲôķʽ
ˡ
Ƕֵָķ˿
û֣ʮ㡣üչǴЦżͷǼǼ㡣
ȥˣ̧ƿִչ
ˡ
ǣ̫Ԥˡ
Ҳ̫ˡˡ
ֻس̶ԨҿֻԨҵȥ·ǿȥ
ֻһȥ̽ƵſڶסԼӽȡƤСѣԭ˽ȥβʹ
ɫСҧβͼ̳һţȥС﷭
ҿëɫǺɫģ˶ںߵĺͮͮС
צץԼβֹͣһȦ
Щ궯ѰԴ߰˰˵顣
Ԩôôôй԰
֮ǰĶһ
Щŵˡ
ַ˸βԼϣצӴСѱԵ°ʹצϣβͼⲻͣɨɨȥ
Ҫ˲Ҫˣȥ˯ŵġ
ǿԼۡ
˯˯úܿ죬˯УϹǺֵ£в˽֣˴˺ŶԷ
Ͽֵģȴס
ܿ˵ߡ
ԨüЦС͵|ȣ
ͼ׻֪ΪϣԨĻС
˵ţͷԼ⡣
͵ҾͲСĿġ
˭ϣһͷܿüأ
ΪʲôҪϣԼҲ֪µЩˣôʲôˣ
ǺÿϲԼԣ
Ԩ˵ţֵ°ͱһ̧ͷ
һ㣬һգˤ˸Բ
˯ʵشѱɵԭغðŷӦ̧צӣס۾
ʲôŶô˯ζǣ
һ˯ö̫|˯ǻ϶εԨĵӡ
ͬģú֮ǰһȵξУֱֶ޶ס޷ѵĸо
ֱΣϴֱӴӶĴ˳ȥ
ֱĳ˳ǣС¨ȥɽϲɼһЩֲ
ʯǮƷǲȱˣȱľġ
ɽвɼ˲ֲкܶ඼ԭɼİֲȻʶֱֻҪУõĵĵطһ㣬֮ë
ɽϺķʱֱһ¨װˣɽͷɼĲ࣬ʵûʱ䣬űС¨˳Ŵ·׳ߡ
׳ǵźױϡ
ǵſڵʬ׶ѾҪˣʼջڡ
ֵЩ﷢ëδӳǽġûߡ
Ȼˣȴۿ׳˽ȥǾʬָָ㣬
Щ棬С¨˳Ⱥߡ
ߵ˶ĵطȥΣǴ·ߵĲӣ˾䡣
ſڹŵʬ˭
֪Լݲܱ¶˶༷ŵʱ˵
ǴΧ˶ˣؿۣǳˡ
е׼ҵģеǷˡ
ɶϤס
˭ʳֻӻˣħ۵Ҳʶˣ
ǴﻹЦħ۵ƭ峤ϵ磬Щħ֡ô飬˵ˣҼҺӶ֪
۵Ӵ˶֡
ɱˡ
Ƕħľ档
嶯֣Ҳ֪ǵ׿ǺûУҪô
Щ˵˺һˣ˷Ӧ
СӶ֪ŵŵ۵˭ʳ⣿
Щ˾ȵ֮ʱѾŶñ뿪ˡ
ħ塣
ǰʱħף֮İ
ʲô磬ʲô
ֻ֪Ǹ۵ǱԨɱġ˵ǵʱӣ
˵ΪǸ˶岻飬ӵУʬ׻ڳʾڡ
Ҳһ顣
ֱС¨ȺţأһϤİˡ
ʮܺƣںһͲ˵
ۿһ
Ǹˡڸ䵽˴ʱϵǸס
ƭһȥ
ˡ
˸һǰ˵ʮֺơ
Щ棬Իвʮ죬ǲ㰢ÿ
⵷һ£ͷܿ
ʲôܹģˣȥŪӴ˵Ѫҡ
ܵÿ죬ַӦ졣
ˡ
ӵѪ
ʲô˼
׷ȥ׷ȥҲðȻ¶Ӱ⣬˲жİ˵Ļ᲻ᵼԨǰ֣
׷֪꣬סǰʲôϵ
ĬĬ¥С¨صСʯݡ
ʯס˼ˣСԺɾ࣬мǣһߣŸϴѡ
иɾ࣬С϶һƿżֻҰ
ɫģΡ
걧һɫС̺ӣǶʲô
̧
ˡ
Ǽ⡣æµطС¨ֲ
š
¨еֲȥ˺ü顣ʵϴ󲿷ֶʶġҲס
ʼû˵ʲô
£ôȥҲǸ¶
ǣһǱ֮ǰģôһ㡭һ㰡ǽȻͬǰ
̧ס۾
һµҡҡͷ
ʲô
ױƵģֱ߶ѻһЩɫëëץ
ڸë
ֵԲۡ
ɫĺë˲١ճ˰ɫС̺ϡ
ԨȻеû£ë
һһë
ͺһߵѹӢ֮ȫëëһ
̲סΪԼ
ƽղëģ
ĺëëֹ⻬˳ôëëģ
⣡
۾䡣һغɫĺëƢصͷ
˵㡣
ʮۼؽЩë
ֵ㣺Ĳô
˵ҲЩ̫ȷ̧Ǽ⡣
꿴ûס䡣
Цʱ򣬻ЩɵĿɰ
ʮ޺
ûԭΣȷ
һҲǣۼΪʵԭԨǰתȦëǾ֤ëꡣ
̻ΣɫһСĺԴ⣬⣬ɵĺβҡȥ
ССһš
ǰתһȦĵ˵㿴ûкëɡ
ķӦȴС
ͷСӦ˲䣬˺Ķ䡣
̧СǰצĴǵҧҧ
ţˣë
л˵

С걻ƭβëʣ


170 
ȷˡԨǳ, ԨǸԨ߻ƭ˵ġ
ֱצצˡ
־һ
ЩֲСԺУ̿, Լó¯
Ŷ¯࿴һ˵ʲô
ɹֲͬʱ˳Щʯ
ʯ, ʯű࣬Сֱװˡ涼ϧ, ȴ޷ȡ
ִӽ˳һС, Ժ, Զĸǽ
ǰףҲмˡ⼸Ԩһ, Ψһܵõ׼ȷϢ, ޷
ΪԨС٣Ϊľֻһַ
ûĻһ˾ȥʯ, ǲҲǰһ, Ԩ
̾˿
СС¯һ
С¯, ûù˵ԼϤ
СԺƬ, ׻ǵи꣬ȥ˳УЩ͵
, ǲԨ˵
֪ЩСǹԾ, , ˮ, š
ԡʱһ
˵ЩʲôͬžǴ˴ǽڶϣʮִ̼
ˮжݲȥҴ⴩ѣƿ
Ѿҹɫ
ҹɫУżɫĹߣҪ´ˡ
걾ֲϲףĵһ죬Ѫ꣬þöƽ
ֳŴ̨ۣᵽ˿еĳʪ
һɲ
类á
Ҫˡ
ֻ
굹Źأվ⣬δ
ˡԣݶƶûв
ˣæ˳ȥ
ϻЩѱδɵˮŪЩϣǸոԡȴΪĵеĳʪһܹо
һɨƵջߡ
˿̵ɫ㲻öãƽ̧˳ŴȻĻʱƽ֮⣬һ˿롣
֮ǰһжô
еճŻĳʪ
ǲϴߴһµ׵磬һһ˺գһجεĽ١
ۣϢָոԡˬϢ
Ĵڸƽˡ
Ҫȥ룬һж
뵽ƶҴҵƵСԺУ̧ݶ
˵ݶһֱ޲֮ǰΪûǮƬʯȴΪÿ춼⣬ܻһݶ©£ڷУ
ôһ¡𣬷Ŷ꣬ҲҪСˣ
ɲϲ
շݶ
ݶЩбģվҡҡλΣһߣѰǴƶ
ȱƬ
ҲûطȥƬֻ취ҵ㶫һڡ
ִӽͳһƥ̿ˡ
֡
ܺãһˮǲ˳ƶġ
ڷ˶ӣеʪԽԽء
·δ赽ܣž¡
ֵ꣬뵽СԺлɹѺֲ
ûˣɡֶҲûУȻķú٣ֻܺССС̣ͷ
СѡٶȱΡ
ֶС̣зٽЩԨϴջء
صֲ
ȫŪ£Ԩнӹٶô㱩ʱʪˡ
ϴ
֮⣬ֲ
ֲδɹãȻ꣬Ҳⲻ
ֺԨվ£Ǳ磬ХŴԶĴһһ䣬ɵզࡣ
ƺô󡣡
ˮǱ紵бưô꼸ûʲô׼ˣ˸͸
ֻоһ⣬ͱбŴ곹״ʪ
ë˲ˮ˳Žë䡣
ɶ񣬰ϴ衣ϴ
ĺܷˡ
ĻЩ£˵ѹ֡
ҵoˣң᲻𣿡
һ㶣̧գܿ¶һǺܺõ
oˡ
Ŵƺе㺦ߡ
ߵoǼ⣬°͡
һƬɳĮＸꡣ
仰̡
Ǿͺá
ͷ
Ҳϲ𣿡
˵༫ԨѾǲϲˣ񵽷С
š
ɾͳˡ
ÿʱҶᱻһΡ
Ҳϲ
©һģ㵵ضꡣ
١
غЩܡ
ҧݡ
ʳʼûʵһ⡣
ңҵʱϵЩˣЩѪǡ𣿡
ڴƮ
޷ôһʵ
ջߣĿϡ
Ů۵׵ۺԣŭ⣬ɱѹš
ˣҲܸоҧݣؽա̫Сҧӡ
һ˿ѪϢ¶
ָ̧Ĵ
ҧԼſ졣
ֻӲþãָֿĴ̽ذ˿ڡ
Ǳ֮ǰþá
ž䣬紵һж
£һʪֱ걧ڻУǹһһΡ
ֻһŻع̧գţĶͷ
𣿡
˵ۣۣۡȴֻ赭д˵š
ʱͲˡ
ҲڱʹΪľһѪеȵo
ִëϵˮ䣬ᡣ
űꡣ
Ժ󣬲˺ˡ
Ҳۡ
걧oЦŻش
á
л˵

µʱ̫ˣҵõһʱ


171 
¸ͣ
֮, ֽԨڿ֮УӵΨһı˴ˡ
, ձ˺ѳһһѿڣϢŴƬء
˻صڣȴû˯⡣ϴϴ, űڴߡ
ͬԡ£Ÿɾİֵ࣬粢żͷͷ, ͸, ҡҷֲݴ, Ҷ
ҹ, ͳô˻, ϶˵һЩֲ֪¡
ĳһѡ
ĺһǼ̳иĸ˵סһûоѪķˡȵʮʱһ, ǾѪ, ɿԳΪһ, û, Ǿһӵķˡ
ӳһ̣˼ף
ҹв׶ΪĳӶ, ˲Ϊˡ
Ƕ׿ԽĸĸΪ޷ܳʧȥĴ, ѡһɱ
, ﾾһ¡
֪ӵĹȥ, ԨĲܾţԨһۣΪ졣
ģ֪û£ɸճδĺͯҪΪĸĿ־壬Ӷȥ
ǾЩγеһľ
֪ģ̧ƮƮͷ
ǸʱǷһ¡ǲ֮
赭д˵ž׵Ļ
һ⣬͵תͷ㵶ãȻĶ
֮ĸִʲôӳһнѵĿ
뵽ҹʱԨĵһ棬ٵ˿ڣѣɼǣѪģ˺ۡ
̶һʱ䣬ͱʾԼ˺ˡҳһȥɽϲֲ
Լڸոգ˵ÿһʱᾭһٵѡ
֮˵仰ʱЩʵأ̧֣ܹ࣬ɵ΢΢Լġ
ɱ㲻ֻһΣ𣿡
ġⱩ裬죬ȴһ̣΢΢
Һǲֻ֮һ㡣
ۿЩȣ죬ָоİ֪ޡ
δ޹һᣬѪļ̨ϱʱڶĳ嶯ȴΪ۾ȴܶЦԨ
ǡʲô
һԡӶ˵Į˵һУǷҵѪǵʼÿһҵѪÿһɡ
ÿһʱ򣬶Ҵʱ򡣡
Ů۵غȦô˭޷
̧ۣڶԺÿһΡ
ޣɱҡһжȥֻҪһţҲһֱȥġ
һ£ûʲôԴģͷ
ǽҹꡭǻ᲻ᡭ
ͷԴ
ǡ
ѾԼδֻҪǺһĻᷢһУںˡ
ףΪ谭
װ£˶޷˯
˲ڴ߹һͷͷıꡣ
һҹ
֮ʣЪ
Ȼе׶һҹߡʮֽӲ
ֳȥʳһ·϶˽˵ҹ꣬е׶ҹۼ˼̨Ӵ˵ķףȻһҹ̨ǿյġ
˶ñԼı©ǰ
̨ǵõʱԨǱüڼ̨ġѪŢǱ
źµķˣŰµףھֵʱ˵©˳ڽѯʶԷǷ֪Ӵ˵䡣
Ȼҹһףе˶δӴˡ̨Χˣڿ֮еȺǵĶ
ȥʮӴ˴δйȱϯǱӰţǱڻӵУϵףӴ֮գԶǵļƷ
Ѫ⣬ף½
ǵһΣ˹ڼ̨һҹδȵӴ˵ĳ֡
֮ǰѾϱУдϢǣӴƺʧˡ
˶֪˶ñԹ
Ӵѵ֪ʲôôܣ
ҵĺӻҪˣҹҹڼ̨ȺһҹӴûг֡ǺεȵĹ֣
ӦѽӴ˴δô˭ҵȣ
Ӵ̫ˣһϣܰεڼ̨Ҫǿһˡ
ΧЩ˵ĻһٱԹָĿԨƺԨǷǵһӦָҹʹ꣬ȴֻΪ˶ѪΪ˶ȡ
һ֮˽һˣǸ߸ϵı֡
קŶñֶ߬ףҧأŬԼҪֳκβԡ
ǷʼٻС
ЩôôԨǵһУʳѪǣ棬һҲãܾǲԵġûһΪһֲ̬ĻȡԨ϶ȡһУָ֣һżһڼ̨ʱΪ
һ̣ޱף峹ˡ
ŻһȺޡ
ʳȺ߹ʱڵ
ǱѾ˳ȥѰӴˡźܿͻн
ҵϣĳܸӴһССĽѵӴ˼סʱʱ̶̿ԱΪأԡô£ôԵĲ֣ǳ˷ˡ
ֽһ١
ˡСʯδһȫĵط
ʹ֪֮ǰһʲôĴڣֵƾЩ˵ĻоѾطǺˡ
ף֮ǰֻٵط
С˸
صСʯݣڽֲɼֲű࣬СԺл˳һӣҹڵݶƶĶӣһҹ꣬ѾΡ
̧֣һЩ
ֻСʳݵУѾ֪ʧˣ·Щ·˵㡣
ɫԴԤϡ
ȥʮÿһε꣬һĥ˵ȴһӱһ٣ȴûһԸ
ʹ֪ⱳѪܵġɻø߸ϵ̬룬ǶΪĴǷ塣
ԨǷκ˵ġ
Ԩ֮ǰԴ䶼νپͳ١ӵoĿ꣬ͲԨҪһһȥĵط
𣿡
꽫һֵߣעϡ
ֶƬ̣죬һҧ˵ġ
ͷġ
ţȷ𡣡
ֵһۣⶼʲôʱˣ˼ף
˵Ѿڵˡ
֪귭СʳҳһѾ֪Сˣֽ̧ݵߣ赭д˵ⲻҪ
Щס֡
ⶼҪʲôҪ
ץǲֻ㣿
ģҲᱻץġû˼ԣ귴ιԼһڣǵ֪һڷϸϸƷȥ㡣
ʺĿϣұץҲˡ
ǰν
Ϊ˲ۡ
Ҫģ˶٣ǣֵ֣ҵoˣҸô㣿
һ㶡
Ŵð죬ŶԨ˵֡
ա
ظš
ȴҡҡͷȻ֪ͬԨе֡
֣Ԩдţ֡
ؿֲ֣֣ġ
֡š
գۿ
ԨͳЩġһ̷֣ԭԨںֵʱһֱһġ
עһеרע
ЦЦʲôף壬Ӱһ̵顣
ü䣬شӦһ
ţ
Ҫסҵѽ
ǵİһ̣Ҫǵ֡
Ӧˡ
ǵģ֡
Ҳ̬ӰʱѽǷˡСʯԶȺһʱӦòᱻҵ
ǻмɢӿԹ
ԭôġҲôġ
ԨߣûκνǺ֮ǰһƽƽĹӡ
£ڽ֡
ֺѰֽȻͬÿһֶǿڡһͻγΣյ䡣
ֽдһЩʱſ࣬
ü΢
찡
ЩֱδӴģֻǿԨôдЩϤС
뵽ʲô֣졣
һ⧲޷¶˴Ƭš

ôûУǴ
ſϣһ˫۲źۼſ̫ˣҪƤ
ͷҧŴ͵ƺһ
죬޷ˣְ̧סֵĺס
֡
һôֵ֣ȴһ¡
ЩȻЩƵߵ
ˡ
л˵
~
һȻҲ


172 
Ԩ, ѹĲǣһϸϸ۲, δҵ֮ǰϤĺɫ䡣
֮ԾдЩֺ죬ǺȻԨһֱϤͼķ䡣ǰ֪ʲô, Ԩֽд֪ԭϳֵľ䡣
ôһ˲ãȻֽŲãֳԨֱ̲ס
֮ǰһֱΪԨӵ, Ԩûκιϵ, Ϊʲôϻأ
ͷԨ
лһİ, ҧŴ, ̧, ΢΢ȥһû˵
ողСѹ𣿿Щܡ
ŪˣСԨļϴ˴
۴ָĿ֣һ, Щǡ֪ôˡ
ʮİ, Ҳ˼˵, ŴŶ, ˮ
û¡
ȷû£΢һͺá
ּȷûʲôֱ, ֵ̧°ո뵽⡣
Ԩ֮һʲôϵģ˵˵
Ԩǰأ
ǰʱԨأ
ֻôһ, ͷͱݺݾһ¡
۰Ͱ͵ضԨĻ, ٵԨ, ġһ
һ˲͡
ȦһȣͷԨС
ոջôһˣ˸
ţ
״̬е㲻̫ԡָ̧ͷ˿Сʣôˣ
ſĻУ߾Ƚƽյƽȣ΢ôһ㡣
ҡҡͷδ˵ʲôһ²⣬ȻпܾӽʵĴ𰸡
ġ
̲ס룬ʦ赭д˵ʮꡭ
˵̰֮£˸ĸС
ʱ˵ġ˵ľԼ
ǲǾ˵ʮԨҪһԼϵ
޷Ԩǲ֪οڡ
ֻǵͷƵ˵һ
Ԩϲǵĸоϲӵĸоǰĵģб߱ڻУ½ʱһְȫС
ǿôһЩԡʲôҲû˵̧§ĽڻС
Ȼеĥ
괹ŬԼ֮ǰһľˮ
Ƭ̵ӵּ̧ͷԨ˵
֣Ҫѧ
ԨĹҪ֪ĸࡣ
ֻһʱ䶼ѧϰ֡룬ڵԨû䣬ǲڲõ֮ͻˣǺɫÿζԨܣǸ䵽ʲô˼
С
ʮˣǾԨĹȥ룬ԡ
СʯݵƫƧԶȺ
ճȥйʳǴŶñԼصʵʵС˲ѲߵˡǿʼҰѯʡˣǳΪ̲
ȫ㿪̲飬صСʯݣڿǲҪѰһطˡ
ְҰѲ鷽ʽҪѵҲֻʱˡ
ֵҲĵˣ¼ǻԨ𲻺õĹǰʮ̫ˣһ㡣
ֿڳµѰһڴŵСʯݣ׳ǱĵطҲûлķϵĿշλõ׻ǿȺǡ
ֻͷôѰҵڶŵ㡣žͷ׳ƺ˲ˡ
ڳſ·ʱֵġԭڳǾʬ岻ˡħ۵ΪѰӶЩˣԭڳĴѲѲ飬һʱ䣬Ѿ󲿷˲˳ҡ
һ´ŶñڽֱţЩ
̧ȥⱻΧסˣͬʱвٰµǰſӭӡ
ټЩף˵ȡΪ˵ȵҲֻ˻ӣվС̯󲻵·
ôˣ
ֺ̧ññܣš
ʱµӭӵǵȴȺ
ֺӣᡣ
ᵽһɡЩϤЩİζ
ǡ
ħϢ
ȷضǳſڵķ
ڰµģһȺͷˡ˵ˣȴϢħϢ
ͫһ
ȵȣЩǡħ壿
˵ħ֮ǰֳ˲죬˵ʬױʾô׻ȥЩħ壿
ֲ⣬Χ׳Ҳ⡣˽
ħɡ
ħ壬öħ壬ʲô˼Ǻħ֮ʲôʱϵֻˣ
ħĳ˶ܲ졣Ѿܽвˣ˶𾪵ĶŴӳſڽħ顣
ϵϢϢȻֲͬͬȻų⡣
˵۵Ǽµʱ˶Ѿħ嵱ˡ
Щħ˳Ŵ·ߣĿŵΧһС·ߵ׳ʵ̫Ѻá
±ħ巢ָ֣ԼһĲȺ뿪
صСʯʱд䡣
Ǳѵˣʮ̵ֻһйݡ
Ȼ˵ֵĶҲ̸ֵܹ࣬ҲһЩĻ
֮⣬屾ʮųġ
С̿˼дֵֽīոɣСͰϴʡ
峺ˮëʻӶº󣬱һСͰīˮ
Ԩ
һصСʳݾͺˡһûʱ佫ʳݸԨǼҴȹżƼСǰ۾һ
֪ħ廹ʲô𣿡
̧üһеë
ضֿ
֪ħ󡣡

ơ֮ǰôֳһڳſʾڡֹϵ˵ˣսѾ߶ˡ
£ʵ벻ħ徿ʲôͼġ
Ƿħʲô𣿡ֻ뵽һ档
ҡͷ
ۻһġ
Щ̫⣬֮֮Ҫ֪Ժúûһ¡
ħ塭Ҫ÷ӡ
һסˡ
÷ӣģ
Ž
ǲǽŵʥڽŶɾ
Բԣ꣬Ҳ˵ʥ÷䵽˽УһгΪ˽ŵʥ
˵ڽҲΪ÷ӣħ˶׷ɾȥˡ
Զħ˵÷ʲô˵ĶҪ׷Ѱ꣬ҲҪõ֣
ħҲҪ۸ʲô˵ļ𣿡
ֲɵú档
ҡͷ֪
˵ǲֿ֪֡
֪
ֲطָָԼô֪Ŷ
ǿħ֮顣ǰħ塣һһٶС꣬ô֪Щأ
ԥ£˵
˵
ħƺԵ
ü۰˵ҲЩ⡣
롭񡣡
л˵

ҩ˯һû뵽˯дֿ


173 

˵, ֻoϡ
ħo֮䣬ʲôѪ
ֲ֪Щֻ֪ħĵһܺõĻᡣ˽עħ, Ԩת
һ㣬طӦΪԨ˵Ҳ֪
Ԩ, oϡ
Ǽ⡣
ô˵أǰ¶ô֪
ֲ֪Ԩ֪֪oĿǰĻݵ»Ӱ
㿪˲ڸ顣
껷ЩסСʯݡ
ǴӳªľסȴҲӳסĵĵطһһС, ªտСʯ, ֡
鴦, ֻһµ, ȥʮɡ
ڵ뷨oˡ
뿪뿪塣
Ҳʱ뿪һƬˡ
Ԩ뵽뿪
뿪˴, ǰڵԭ
ҲδģδӴģġΪ֡
߰ɡ
̧˵
ֻҧָЩ, Ԩô˵΢΢һ㶡
˵, ȥ
뿪塣ն˵, ȥڵĵط
㶵ضԨ
һ˹
Ԩڹȥʮ, ûиκֵûļ䣬һһε˺ۣΣ
˽ԨϸΪǸһе, þһа취ѹեÿһѪǲ֮ʮǰһ졣ûĴˡ
, ˴ʱ, δ˵βܻȥ, ԨʱԨĹȥ
˵ǰԨĹȥδ룬ôһȻҪߣ־ʹߡ
ȥԭȥķ֮أȥΡɽ֮
ǻȥȥǰĺ壬ȥһЩδʧСǡ
ãߣҴߡ
һͬ⡣
ֻҪ뿪һж޹ˡ
Ҳħ岻ħġoйصҲܹĵġ
˶ǣң˵߾ߡ
СʯĶࡣֳڽеġηųջȥȽʱֻһЩ飬ʯһЩֻеֲ
ʱɸɾߵʱҲ
ʰЩ
Ķ࣬ԨĶ͸ˡ
ڴˣףʮ꣬ʲôûСȻһ
Сʯס˶̶ʮ죬ʮ죬ﱾõһҡȶһգһտʲôûлߵСˡ
Ķñ
ԨվСʯݵſǿհ׵ķ䡣
߰ɡקקԨ䡣
ع
ӵʱеûп۵׵ɫ
һһ䣺ħʶ𣿡
һ룬֮ǰħҲǽֵģ˵Ҳʶ
ԥһ£˵ͷ
ʶɡҲû˵̫
Ԩ˼
ڴ֮ǰ˵÷ӡ𣿡
ʥ˲֪Ĵڣȴʮ÷ӵĴڣ;
ҲýֻͣǼ⡣
˵
꾲ؿ
ֶǺܽӴġoˣô͸֪÷˭ϡ
ħħ
o֮ġ
괹
ҡһȥȡ
ЩĿ
֪ģ㣬㱻ֵĻ
᲻һγΪЩ˵ļƷ
ֻҪһ뵽Ծͺ޵ġ
ܵĴڡ
ؿֵ
ұȥһֻС
ֻҪ֮һĿoϣô÷ӾԲħС
ֲ֪ȥȡʲôֻǵקӡ
ʼһ׶ʦ˵ġʮһ٣ʲôʱҲ֪뿪Ԩ벽
ܲȥ𣿡
Сʡ
֪ܵԼⷢ
ȥòҲһҪ䳹׻ȥһһ䵽ħС
ˣȻѾ¶Ȱġ
ֻܴӽͳһһѵķҩһĻС
궼ˡ
Ŀת뵽ʲô̧һקסԨӡ
ȥ𣿡
ֽŵض
ȴҡҡͷ
ﲻʺȥ޾Ԩһ⣿
ȴģȥһȥĵط
仰ǷĵġԴ˴δἰ˴˵ĹȥԨǱտڲᡣ
ҲûνĹȥǼȻۿһԨȥĻᣬ뻹ǲҪˡ
ϾԺף𣬹ԨĹȥˡ
仰޷̧ܾסֵ֡
Ҫ뿪ߡ
ǴӦˡ
۾һһڴӦһ粽롣
֮ǰһԨ֣ǰһΣѾתط
۵ĵһо䡣
һƬ׵䣬Ԩѩıһš
ɫװŻĵ׫Ŀɼĸ߸ϵ񣬸һСµģҲǼžǹ¶ġ
տģһ˴ڵĴ޷Ϣоһ˿ŵζڴˣȻϢС
ֲһȦžѾ˺ѹȸС
߬Ԩ֡ĵطһµһ
̧
̹ȻĽԼһչ¶޷ЩȥĵѾǹȥˡԺoˣĵط
û˻뵽ʧٵӴ˻Լɺ֮ǰһһˡעҲڵС͵ֺԨгͨ衣
Ԩļƻȡ˶ߡˡȻûʲôõĹȥҲЩ룬࿴˽һ
ԲΪۡ
ˣǣȥڵ
ڵʯʯǵ׵ƣһǽڵ׽
֮߸̨ϣһıһŵ齡
ףɾտһ
һĵط˵ŵĵط
̧Ԩֱӡ
æǰЩȫߡ
һ㶣ߣ
ԣЩģĶһҪֺݺݵҧҧЩԨȥùģƾʲôҪùĻ˵Ķ£ǲõļ䣬Ҳһʣ
꿴̲ס
һ̵ֻСꡣĶ̡
ãߡ
˺ｫڵˡ
մȾϢģһû¡
װˣҲ˲١
ߵУͷһӴ
˵ʵЩ뽫һֱһ١
һһĶʵЩĿǰǲע⡣
ֻò˼ǣԨ֡
߰ɡ
Եȡ
ԨȴֵĿѿ֣ߵ̧ͷ
Ǵһֱ߸
ѧʱСʱ𽥶˼įһ˹ڴʱʼϲޱһС
Ԩ֡
һ׽ɫĹâ

Ԩ˵
ִ㵵Ŀ£񻺻֡
ڴ׵УһСС
ϽһССĹӡ
̲ס̧ҡ
ĽУ÷ӡ
ЩңԨ÷ӣе÷ӻʧ˵÷ӣ
г÷ӣԨС
꽫÷Уһתֱӵ֡
һ㶡
㡣
̹Ȼ˵
У˵µġ
ˡŴԨһۡǵģһˣҲô˵ġ
ֱӽ÷
ˣо÷ӡ
ô󣬽ŵ÷Ҫʧġ
˵ص󣬽оֻʣһ÷ˡ
÷֣ԨصĿľʹﵽˡ
Ǿ͸뿪ˡ
ֵ֡
Ҫˡ۵ȴ˲λӰ
ȻƬ̺оһۡ
ԨС
ۣЩ΢
ɫͼĴţ򿪡
׷׺İֳֹȣߣվһ¸ꡣ
ǵаµףҲкµħ塣
򴽣ġ
ˡ
йһ̧
˵ǺµǷʲôֱ̧֡
ض֡
񡭡Ϣ
oˣ
л˵

ٺٺ


174 
Ϣ, oϵĶ
ͬҲѰܹӵеġ
֪ӵϢֻoϣo˵¡
һİŮ, ϢĴڡ
޾ò˫źԵɫһʱ˻, վǰģ᲻oմˣ
ôĲħ壬ĳϡ
Ϣ֮£Ҫϥݵĳ嶯
ڷֻϢŮ, ǵ, ضÿһʱ, Ƕ, , ǰŮԲoϡ
񣬲ῴңԶ׹һ̤ӡ
ᵽħϢǸĺꡣ
ħǽȻͬġ԰ɫΪ, ɫħȴԺɫΪ𡣰ɫࡣ
վڰ, Ŀʼֵϡ
˭Ǻ壿
־ض, δش
Ǹħ, ħĴڲûʲôøС
ǰ岢ټoǺoĶ, ӴҸ߹
˶֪̵䲻ˡ˸۸̣ôȴĽһ
׷ɱĺҲҪ֪, ĺ˭ǲá
һ㲻, ͬںÿһŮ
վǰһò, ۺ棬žһŮ
겻ǴǵĹȥһŮһϢħ廹壬²óoʮֳ谮Сˡ
һŮ壬ǣ֡
ȥ
Ǻħȴ·뵽ʲô¶һЦֹ̧˹ǱȽϿ
λħµŸʡ
ֻδ˵
ʲôħ¡ħʶôʶʲôŸʡ
ֵעǸϣԺħ壬ֻа߲ŻǾˡ
Ȼɨһ۲δ˵ʲôջߺ󣬽еעԨϡ
Ӵˣʲô𺣬ģʵ㲻Ѻá
겢δȽĳϣ˿̸Ǹħ塣ħ֮ĵĻǰ˿ֲʶֻΪǺһСɡ
˵ҪôֲoϣҪôħҲʶoˡ
޷ʲô谭֡
Ӱ
֣߬˿˽ƣƾ޷ͨĽ硣
һֶʱڴ˴ˡ
Ҳ޷÷ѾСĿѾﵽˡ
ð裬һʲô
ֵ·䡣
Űߵ䣬ɫһס
ָоԼȻ
ۡȥɫƽʲô̫˽ԨĻƾһʲôġ
ʹҲܸо˿̵ԨһһʹǸʹԴߡ
˵棬ǰ۸Ԩ
浱Ĳɣ
һһСལ
ֱָߵʺ
üжɷ
ʲô
СལЯϢɲѰֵܵģĳϡŨϢҲ޷
ŨҵϢԴoմ˵ĶڴϢ£ݡ
ɫ仯̲סСС˰벽
ⲢǶǰŮηǾηǸ߸ϵoˡ
СɣֵˣӴˡ˽͵Υ飬ССѵˡ
Сo˳谮СҲ飬Ȩֹʵġ
ֵĽɵŰߵʺ
֪ΪΣеɱʼհ಻סһڸɱǰİߣ峹׻
ּƣǿ¡Ԩƽ鿴κΡĿʱ΢һ˿ᡣ
̧ǰߡ
˲ǵĶ
ɫ䡣
֣ôĶ㣬ӴˣҲУҪһʱ嶯顣
겢ΪĻ˼
ֶ̫ҪӴͻƲǲܣֻҪۡ߶һħ壬ħĴڻһʡ
Ѿˡ
ȥʮ걻еһҪǵģ˵ֿ֮ġôôԣ͸ΪһеģĳǷġ
촽ƺ˵һʲô
վԨ࣬һĹͷ졣
Ҳһͷ죬͵زһ¡
Сལôһ㷢
Ѿ޷ͣԨյ̧֣ڿջһŰߵķָһ㡣
ȥ
һϢķڷеĹѾһ䡣
ͫһͬʱħҲۣջƵһݱ̡
Ϯȥ޿ɶܡ
˭㲻Ʋá
аߣǰ˲һһţ³һںڵѪ
廹ڽΣϵļ޲鴤
Ϊݳߵĳϣ˿ȴΪϢǴǱڵأһţ޷Լĳ
ǺħȻĵعڵأָأͷ­Լĳ
ҲסˣջֶԼƿԴﲻЩã
ոʲôôһӡûУ
һԼ뷨ĻƳһ֮ǰδӴķ
͸ԾˣƺõķȻ˻Ť䣬˰ߵ塣
Լַոʲô
һ±˵Լڷ̲ס
Ǵ
oϵϡ
oˣoˡ
л˵
~
һֻԾС


175 
Զԭ, Զ˵ףӭһ
û֪Ϊʲô߸ϵo˻壬ԴҲ벻ΪʲôǸĵ, ᱻoǣһ
λãøoˣĳ, ħǲڵ̨֮´ɰ׵ĵϣǳϻ̳Ͽֵͬʱ⡣
oΪʲôῴһƫԶ, ץסӵ֣
׵ĸߵ, ֶڴˡɫӵԨ, λĵ̨֮, ŵЩ峤, мħˣǱϹϾ
Щ飬ǶǼ⡣
İoΪǺ, ΪСལϻŨϢ
Ȼȷð, ˶ô, ֻЩССġ
֪o˴, еˡ
İ߹ߵ
ƤɨߡǵǴ򿪵ģܿ۵Ĳ塣
Ƭ֮ǰ, 嶼ѾϢ
ףˡ
Ҳ֪ôڶ̶һĹԨ뿪, ȴ˸Щ˴žηЦ, ͷҹؿ
, еŵġ
Ƹۣһս׵׼ڱoϵѣ
ֲȷԨ
ЩǷoϣҪ뿪
Ԩ˵ˣ뿪壬ǰɽӵԭ
ض˵ʲôҪ뿪ֱ˵
ħҪ÷СΪoϣزᶯȻ֪ԨΪʲôһҪ÷ӣȻôϡ
oϵݲôðģҪЩ˻ûӦ֮ǰϽ뿪ѡ
ҪǷӦˣ֪oϣֻ¾ˡ
İ߳ϻ̳ϿֵʣoˣҵðǨŭ壬ǧᣡ
Ǩŭֻͦϲ˵˵ȷǨŭģΪԨ
Ҳ뽵ǽҪô
Ͼֻһðooôأ
ֲ֪СĵƳԨ
ƺ뷨һۡ
oϵĳͷô
Ҳ֪ĳͷεġ֪ô
̧֣һŽɫĹâŨϢ׾پġ
ԼҲе֡ԴϢ֮ǰҪŨٱͺʱ䣬õoϵıӻ
޼ɵӵϢ
ôͷİߣ
нһ
ڵصİһ𷣣ʧ롣߸ϵĳϣ꣬ӵŴ޷ֵŭ⡣
˵֮ǰǵУֻǸˡ
һεǴ֪Լŵʱ䣬
ȻӣԼľͷ
߳Ĭſڵϡ
ֻ֪oϵĴڣȴ֪ΪǴֱ֪Լ֮ⱻʱĳӣ˲ϢȴΪĸоǺεȲпĳͷ
ջ֡

һ˲֪Լʲôֵͬʱ·ԼӦôͬǰģEȻǳɹˣɹ
ָһ¡
ǡϢoϴʵ
ЩãȻġѵǰĺӶoӻŵģ޼ɵʹϢ˵
ǵĻoϵĴ󷽴ʲô
ԼҲ֪Ǵ˿̲׷Ϣʱ°͡
ðoϵݣҪoһʱǲġ
Ҫ뿪
壬˿Ԩô죬Բֵܹġ
ΨһȴԨ뿪
Ȼûκ˵ܹоԼȥܵǴθǰأ
µħСĴŸڵ̨֮ϵŮδoˡϢҲֻλoϴˡ
û뵽o˾ȻƫԶ塣ǲѾ֪ʲôֻ˵ĿģʵϾΪħĳı
ħҶ롣
Ҳo˾ô뿪Ͼһħ˵еĻᡣ
ħĿһϡ
λӴˡҲǱĵꡣ
Ҳ˵񾿾֪ģƾҲ֪ܹo˵ľֻλꡣ
ӷ·֪ʲôǰ÷ӡǲ˵֪ģoҲ֪ˣ
ħľս
Ǿ͸o˾ô뿪Ҳo˻ȥʱ򣬾ħ֮ʱ
oԵȡħ깧ع񣬶Ц˵֪oڴˣħѾˡ
Ƥһ
СɨԨ
Ԩ˵ħo֮ЩԹġǿ϶ʶģȻʶħҪ˷Ǽðģ߶߲ˣ
ǿɲС
ָҪֱӲܲ뿪ħ겻˵һ䡣
ħʱ֪ӴȱʧרŴħ٤ǰֻҪӴҪӴ˵졣
һ㶣Ԩȱʧ
Ԩ仰ƺЩЦҲֻת˲ţޱ顣ֻڷʱ̧΢΢ҡͷ
ҡͷ˼ʲôûȱʧ˵Ҫħ
ֲȷ
ȻҡͷȻ˼
ʲôҪ֮ȥȡǡ

ԨҲ
ȴɹš
oˣ
ħЩšoʲô֪ˣħѣ
ֳš
һȤ顣Ϣͬʱһ˲
̧֮䣬гһƵĶ
֪ͨδ̧ģܲǶ֮ء
ſƵĶų֣ħ֡
Ϣ֮ء
ħ˵ģϢ֮ء
ֳԨ֡
ס
ԭ֮
϶Ҫߵġ
˽֣ն˼ǰеĶʱгһǿħϢ
òħ˰ɣͷƤ飬øϽܰ
ߴŶ򿪴Žɣܿ죬⴫һҴҵؽŲԼһ
뿪
Ҫɱʦ𡣡
л˵
~
һϢԺ~
~


176 
һںʦһͷͿһòꡣ
ɫ԰Ѫɫ, ۽죬էһı鲻ÿ, ֶӵ˲䣬Կ۵һ˿
ֵעǰһϡ
뿪
ô£ѵҪԨӰ
һһԨ
Ҫ뿪, ѵ˵ԼҲ֪Լ뿪
˵ֻĻԣ
ֵ괹۵׵顣
İ߹ֻش
oˡӵȷ뿪塣ڴˡ
һ㶡Ԩ뿪ĻոĴ뿪ˣ᲻, ᲻뿪ͬʱ, ͻȥ
ֺֿ󱳷
ԨԴ˵δ, ֻЩźܺ뿪
ʦ, 塣ǲ, ʦ뿪Ҳ޷
ֵϡ
º꺰ʦ
һȡ
˸ħɣǲǾЩ˿еħ
һ, ԭڵħŸȻ, ڳħ
ǰǡħ
ħȻ, oϵͽܣ
ʲôãĹϵ
ħ׿µʦ, Ǿoϡ
ֲҴźܴһܾħϴˡ˵oϲδֱӼ棬ֻ֪Լʦoϡٱ, oϻᾭûɸֲһͽܽá
ȻĻħôῴΪʦأ
ðoڲͬǰͬáðoܴԨħǰðo, Ҳ֪ʲô
ҰԨϢ, ħo֮ĹϵԼгġ
Ȼħ뵽÷oҲ˵, Ȼħʦ𣬵֮Ĺϵ
һ㣬ҲûǸħɫֻ֪ܴԨ뿪ЩãȻ߻죿ԨԼ壬Ҳ롣
ʦ𣬡ħߵָǰһ˫۽Щֿ⣬ƺʶ֣Щİһʱ´áˡ
ֻ̧ȥ˿еس˰벽
ħ治ħһħϢƣּħ壬ҪѹȸС
ûֲ֨oϣҲͽܣȻ֪ħΪʲôҪⲢ־ĸҵʦ
ûдħǿߡ
˵Ϊڴˣ
ȫĺԣħŴ
Ȼ࿴һۣ֮ǰʦ𣬻ֳֻһƻ
ǧһ۾ϳԼʦĻƣǺȻʦĻƼУһ޹ؽҪĴڡ
ʦǰʦǰǰǸ޹ؽҪˡ
ʼΪ
ʦΨһ
ֵʣ߹صͷ
Ӵ˵ĳǿ黻ġӴ޷뿪ġ
뿪Ӵֻ
߬֡
ʲô취ƽ𣿡
߲˵
Ԩ̧һۡ
ʦħ٤ˡ
ǧЦЦ
ֲħ
ˣ֮ǰǸŸ˵ħʲôԨ顣٤顣
Ҳ˵ֻҪ飬ܴԨ뿪ˣ
ֵ̬΢һЩ
٤δ
ǧ̿Ԩ
ףӣδеĴڡ֮СһԼ޷׵ߡ
ʦǻϧַ
ʦҪڴԵȼաǰȥȡ
仰΢̤ʵ˵㡣
ȻǼðoϵݣħoϵͽܣ޷Ҵ˵
ҧŴ°͡
Ȼ˿ã±ǡ
ħˣ˿̾oϡ֮󱻲Σ
ʦòûҪͽ˵Ļ𣿡
ǧ̽֡
ǰͲһϢĺȻ֡
ˣֻΪoϵͽܵǲ֪νϢǱƫСӵеġλo£һһĻӰӣֶµϢ
֮ӵϢ֮ˣֻoϡ
Ϣף壬Ǿʹ塣ǧһ˲飬Ϊ鱻ˡ
һԼôһʱȷʦ֪ʲô
˵ǣʦƽ֪ʲôӡ
ҲĮģĵޡ
ӰЦʦ𲻻ôĮţҲõʦĴ⡣
ֻֻǲ䱻ʦ𿴼һ
ֿħ
ῡħЩ졣˵ĺרע˵㣬ԿصŤ
ǲ֪Լʦoˡתһ룬ħħ¶𣿿϶ǡ
Ǿֻ֪Ķˣǲܲ͸ġ
ûС
ּ򵥴ֱĻش
ǧ̵۰ȥΪȻЦ
ͦõģʦܺá
ܾoϵͽЩ΢ĲԡֶΣյԤ֪Уѧ롣
һһ£ǰߣҲħǧ̡
ټٴοռš
ֵȫ뿪³һи˵㡣
ոǰһ㲻ԣᵼԨѡ
αװߵһ˲
治֪Ϊʲôܲoϴһɡ
Сֹ䣬ͷԨǵ
㲻뿪Ϊʲôң
Щɴˡ
껷һȦ֪ҪڴˣЩ
ֵ⣬ҲΡ
ҲǸ֪
ȥδ뿪ͷȻ֪Լǲ뿪ġ
ڼȻ֪ˣôȻҪ⡣
Ҫ뿪壬˵˵
С
ڴ֮ǰǸԳͽܵħҲҪһ¡
񡭡
Ԩܲϲ
oϵͽܣ÷ӣ
Ǹʹ̫٣Ҳں޸о
ֻһȦô죬Ҫʱڴ˴
Ԩȥ˲ϲ뿪ֲòϣԼܲԸñ˷ԨСʯݡ
ǵܡ
û취ˣõ٤֮ǰ졣
ֻôοԼ
ãԨ֮ǰĵطҲûôܡ
ֻصڵԭµԨǵƤʣһͺͺ
޷ֻȽһЩó
ԾߣС齣⻹һĽԵĲ˵ɲʯϡ
Ԩ졭ʰãջҪԨ˵Щʲôȴһơ
˵ϡ
ϣ̧סֵ°͡
ס
һ㶣çײͷ˹ҧĴϡ
һʹ˻һ
ôˣôͻȻġ
̧§գۣȻôˣ꼱굽Щ鴫ݸΪ
Ĵĥ˵
ᡭ
ǸʦˡǸħᵽɱ
ͽܣǲϲģǿǸ˵ġǹϵǳ
ҰĲ̽Լеĵλ
ɱòã
л˵
~


177 
ɱˡħ
ֱ׵ͷۻ, ﻹ˵ʲôħħġͼƿԨھʮȱȫУš
һ, ң
ȱȫе꣬ô뿪Ƭ, ʼսαڻУ
ҲȥˡѾڣʱԲ̫ͬҲûʲô׼˳Ȼôô
, ¿տ, Ƭ̾ͻоŨŨһѹ֡
һʺ˳ĵطԽ, Խ̲סȥʮԨӺʱͱһ˷, Щôȹģ
嵱Ǳֶ⡣ᡣ
һʱ, ־뿪
վڰ̨ıԵ˴ɿȦŰµѲء
һ, 뿪
ô, ҲһҪ
ϢĻ, Ƭ̶
껷˶, ˴ϢСֶųҲ
̯֣Լġ
֮ǰҪ뿪ʱһǹԴ, ֮
ʲô
߬ġ
Ҳȥʲô, һ谭ᱻơ
á
ԨӦ
, ǲԸġЩô붼޹ء
ǰֵ, Ǵɴ뿪ΪǸСˣǸħʹͽܡ
һ֣ԨַԼգۼ䣬һδ谭˲ƵСʯС
Сʯݴ˿ѾǿտտеĶȫʰΪٻصû뵽ʱĹֻˡ
˵˵һȦӽȡѣһǳɫԨһˮɫԼ
ȥ˶£ַһɴϡ
£ȡݳԼ᲻¶ڡ
žˣգգۡ
ףô˵أȻѴɴ̫ˣҲ̫ҡ˰ɣָо˵òһЩ΢ı仯۵һֳ켰λߵĳȡ
ֲ̫һ˵ɫ
ֻ˻ԴžС
ˡ
̫԰
ãգգۡ
ѵ˵صǰԼꣿ仯ˣַʽ
Ѷ
֪ƾڵò׳ǵĽͷƲô͵ġ
ԥ£ӶصС
ԨѾĽһ£ϵһɫĴ˿վԭصȴ
ǵûһ
䲻֪ԼòھΪֳ˱仯Ǵ˿Ҫ뿪ȥȺ϶һ谭
ԨΪӵܴ󷽷Ⱥء
뷨ڱҪȥȺһˡ
Ԩ
Ҳᡭ
˵ò
֪ģһҪʱԨѾ˵ˣһ׼

˵
Ҳ֪ԼĵܸогŨϢ
Ķع鵽ȻȻܹʹá
ͬʱһֵ·ʲô
УҪ̧֮
Ԩü
һ΢ı仯ֱ仯˲ϸϸĲͬòϢĵ
Ҳҿjo˰ɡ
̧֡һŽɫĹâ
ûж룬ָ̧֣˳ԨòỮָ£Ԩò뷨΢ı仯
۽üβ´Բ󣬱ǼһЩһ˿Բ󣬱ɲδκθĶɽüۺͱǼϸ΢仯˵ʲ˽Ȼͬı仯
˵֮ǰԨһʷմѪĵСǴ˿ԲһֿɰζС
Ȼ֮һȮɰ޺ꡣ
ջָʱԨòԼҲסˣôҲû뵽Լָı仯£ԨȻ̬֡
Щˡδ˵޺Ԩһʱ֮ûס࿴ۡ
ϲԨ̫ײ׽ˣֲ࿴ۣͲֶϲ
ԥ£ʵʵͷ
ϲ
е㡭ɰ
Ǵ޷ŵԨϵݴʣȴ䲻
´Բ󵥴ôĿֱȫС
Բ޹۾һ䣬ЦˣЦӸɰɰĶһ̣Էģ
Ҫ㡣
ֱ˸ʵָ̧ϡ
ûУֻǿһۣͿһ۶ѣ
ֿ뿪ԨòֵԼˡ
̧ԼỮ
䣬̧ݳʱòҲ췭ظĲͬ
˵֮ǰòźеɫ˿һԲԲһֻСѩ
ò޺Ůһ˵С
һǽĵ顣Ԩû˻ϵӴ˺oϡ
žǸħŵƤӵ£δϵó
˼װһ£ֺԨ뿪Сʯǰ׳ǡ
յ׳Ǹ֡
֮ǰħе˵ħ嶼Ĵڡ峤ڳŽħˡʹħĹϵ˼Ļͣ˾ûа취֮ǰ̬ħ壬ֻħʱôЦݣ˿ԶĿˡ
ҪˣȻҪϳ˵顣
׳ֻһרдľ¥˵Ǿ¥ʵ¥ƽûԼȥݵ״ǰȥ
ߣԼסöǸ¥ͬ˵¥ȻҲǺܸߵġ
¥㣬˴¥ߡ
˵ĵص㰲˶¥¥̵֮ĶǺµķˣ¥˲ٵħˣʹõȻǷˣе׹ż
˲ˮ
һ׹ż˼һ˿졣Щħ˵һֺܺõ顣
ʱֺԨ䵽Ķˡ˵˴С̨ϡ
ֵ֪ħo֮便ʲôĹϵȻʦͽܵһЩаɣȻһħ뵽÷Լʦ
󷽷С̨ϣĿЩħ塣
ָܺͣΪ׵һ꣬һεĳ
صģʽ׳ȻѡȡһǳȨǹȨ߽Գ
ûδλĳЩħ壬ҲһֶΡ
ħħ岻ٶħλߡδӱ߲ͣй
Щǵ̬ȲûнǷһλߡòٵħȻϯȴһñ
˻ڿУһƢľֱС
˵ôеûģ׿ԣ׹Ҫ
ǵ÷ѾߡˣǶԺô
ħȻûô˵Ǳһضġ
òɫ̫á
ô˵ο÷ӴСǲ𣿡
˵ľܺͣЦ⡣
ӲҪ뿪𣿡ħҲǵֻƬġΪħʥʱoϴˣ˿oϴ˻Ͳˡ
λǲ֪ӴԴӳƲ뿪벽
ܺ˵٤飬⿪Ӵ˵ĽҲӴ˾ɵˡ
Ƥһ
øϸˡ
Ȼħ˿ɲʲôӲӵģû˴ɲСֻԼŲӣװħһ䡣
Ϊʲôô˵
ܺԴЩֱ治ĶŴ⡣
ôǴ⴫ģ
Ǵ˴ôħ壬û˷͵
ܺȻЩ֣ǻشˡ
Ӵ˵һ໹峤ء
¾ӴԼ֪ȻΪԼɵġ
һ͡
һࣿ

ҲЩ죬̧Լؿڡ
ؿһֱ֪ԼȻֻһ롣
ûмʱǸӤʱʿţһࡣ
Ҳͷ֮߬࣬ס
峤
ظһ䣬һ̣Դޱ
ߣȥ峤
ץԨָ֣ⷢס
ɷ
ȥҪࡣ
л˵
~


178 
Ķǹ, ЩʮַģǴûһֻҪһ뵽ЩԨʱ, Ϊһ˽˺壬ó
ŭǿҵɱ޷Լ
˿ֻһͷ, ǾԨʮǰľɳһİࡣ
ڵҪ뿪ͱԨקס
ȫȥĵĵˣ侲ıס֣ȴ뿪˸¥
뿪Щħ, ֵ̧

ôܲѾݵˡ̧Լؿ, ܸоµͬʱ, һһۡ
峤
˿ֻһͷ, һࡣ
Է峤, һҪ룬νǰ壬᲻Ϊ˿ĳ֣֡
ǵĻ, Ըȥô
ֵ״̬, һҪֵ, Ԩ˶, ˵˿ȥûá
˵ûã˵Ҳ
峤һ굽ͷѳһΡԨҲÿδʱܿ峤ӡֻһ
Ī⣬û
ĺÿһ߶벻
˵ֻҪ峤, ܽһ롣
һҪȥĺۼ̸ס
֪ǵ⣬ҪﵽĿıϼѡ
Ԩǲ뱨, ȥ, ֻҪһ뵽޷, һڶ
԰ֻܴ꣬ӳ顣
ֲԨ˵ԭ򣬵ȷԨ˵Ǿʹһбԭ
Ҳûйִ˳Ԩ뿪
صСʯݣյСʯ·һСš
ֺԨ
ʱǲǿԺһСƣӽͳյһƺһ
ֵûһƣһ
žơ̯
Ҳ
˵֣ͱִϡ
ԡ
Դǵľܾ
㻹Сء
Ԩʮ꣬ͺȾеˡ
һش𣺡С㹻ġ
˶٣ֲһ䣺ǶƮѩʱұֳһꡣ
ˣҲ˵в¾ʮ˰ɡ
˵ĻҲСԾݹȥһյ
յζſоζ
ʲôƣˬ
ָͣһ
һ٣̧֣ۺ⡣
塣
˵Ҳλoϴ˺ͰйϵҲ
ֻǺһԨһʵʵĸо
ǰŮǴΨһoϡ
һֺȻ뵽С㣬һС㴫ϢУƺЩʲôΣաҲ֪ôãСǱʲôˡ
ֺȻ֮䷢ԼߵˣھһһĽѡ٣ǳ
̾˿
һСһ˷
б£žƱ㷢ɾƹѲǻŭ𷴶ԽԽء
߬յ
УһҪһڶ
ʵ̫ˡ
̧Ԩ
겻˰ƣ˿̰оӨ͸յ۽΢ۣɾǲһ˿̬
Ҳ峤𣿡
˵׻ǲģʱǻŭֻԽԽʢ޷ࡣ
Ҳȫ޲ɡ
Ԩ˵̧ͷǹһ˿Ц⡣
ЩˣҲһҪŹأһˡ
һ㶣ԨȴĽ͡
峤ȷƮûеѶϢ巢һжܲĶĿԨ侲˵˿ȻѾ֪ĴڣȻȥȻܲ³֪ʲô
һ
ǲһҪô
ܺ͡
Ԩ֣λħδ
ʵ֪ܺô֮£Ȼݲһ㡣ʵܺ峤ĵĴ
֮ܺǰ峤ǴѾ峤ˣĿǰΨһһϵ׽ġ
ҲˣܺͲܳΪһεĳҲ֪Ѱײ֪顣
ֶԨĿԵʱϡʲôвһ˵ķ
򴽽ǣô
ܼ򵥡
Ȼ֮༫ĳΣ侲ָ
ħ˴ǰΪ÷ӣڵò÷֮ǰ˫ĺϵ᧿Σ
ħֻܺ͡Ҫܺͺħ֮һЩ顣۳µ˭Ὣִ󡣡
漰ܺ͵ֻ˵ܺڴ˴峤Ȼǻġ
峤жoϵĴڣԼΨһɣҲֻܳ档
漰Ū˼ŪԨ˵һ˵ķȴҲΨһһпܳɹķ
Ҫ̫棬ôЩҪг¡
ˣ̧ҧָ˼
˵򵥣ҪôֵܰҲһ⡣
ܺǲ
˼ȥӴ̫ˣ˫Сһſ̾˿
Ԩ˺һȻ˵ǲһˣ
ã̧ͷţ
˵ʲô
ɱħɱܺͣҲɱˡƯϽȾһ˿ƵĺΣΨ۾ͬ˸ǹһ財
仰ȷЩۡ
ŲʮߵܶôɱģֻܴŹȥ²̫̫ľ
Ը˵Ѿܺˡ
û£Ƕ˵仰ʱ򣬾˾ġ
ܺ͵
ֻ˳µ峤峤Ǹ̵ģ֡
һﲻĿķݾߡ
ͨҧҧ
Ȼ߳˵һ֮ÿһ׼ˡ
궢Ŀ⾼
ֻ۾ķ·ǣ˵ȻһֶǵģҧŴж·ĳ
һʱ죬˵ڵ̺ϡ
ڵϵһֻ̣ңҺûʱڵѾ˵̺ȻҪĵˡ
ع˫Ѿ͵صͷһû׼λãƤϡ
̧ͷ۵һ˿šٴεͷȴա
λãڼ֮һ˿ί
ײ㣬֣Ҫ
˫綼ţڵ̺ϲδǱŷݵ̬û뵽ײ
ɵϸԨ
۵ŻأٴεͷʱһҡҡλεҧıǼ⡣
ʮţֱܾ˵ί
Ҫ㿪ҡ
Ρûж㿪ԨԼˡ
һ뵽𰸣Լ̲ס𴽽ЦЦ
ļУǧĳ༫ˣȻҲбһŵʱ
ȻصδһҪЦһЦ
롭㡣
ֱʵرԼĿ󣬵ͷղ䡣
ײί
Ц
̧˫ۣԨļ
Ҫ
Ƶɵԭز̧ͷһ˫ض
ֺЦͷĴϡ
һǡ
ֺʱ򣬵Ԩмܲסġ
Ƭ̣䡣
§سԼа˰
Լֺһ㶣񡭡оʲôԡ
ۡ
޹ضƺ󣬿سЦ
ҲҪҪһ¡
л˵

̫ˣ״̬Ҳܲã˰ϸ»ԥȸˣ쾡~


179 
ָֻ֪, ЦıǼס
Ҳ㰲궯ǿģȣ궯ǿ侲, ͷҪǡ
һƵʵʵһ㡣ֻ˰ʱʱ䣬ȷǸǡҲ֪Ϊϲܣ, ȡ¡
Ƶܿ˯ˡ
°齣ȥ
Ȼֻ뿪˶̶һ죬Сʯ˯ʱ־Ȼһֻĸо
ͬ, ˯, һܿ˯ա
ֵָǼ˵㡣ú˯, ȵ, Ϊʱˡ
Сʯݵ糿һ, ִŶñǰ׳ǹʳҹᣬЩԼ, ſڴ̨練˼
Ǹտµ, 㱻˷Ѿûǵټ, Ҳں
ǰ׳һʱ˵͸ùٳ׳ǻδ顣
ִŶñ, ϻһĸżµѰҵ˳λá
ԶħͬڳСħϢ֯ܺҲ, ЩħҲöڴ˴
һĻᡣ
̹֮ڳгͨ裬ͨ۲ȷ˼ڵλá
ߡ
ߵλ, εضһ߸ߵĸ¥¥δ֮ܺء
ڴ¥ĸ, һ¥ߡΧ, ˴尲Ÿħ֮ء
ڴ˸Увźµķ£ɨĴֻ
൫Ҳ١ҪϢҲûôס
˵һĻᡣ
Դ˼ɱġ
Ҫٴһԡ
ԥƬ̣˳˳
һҪһУܴݾߡ
صСʯݣ껹ڴ硣ˣŴ˼ƿߡ
˳Ľëϲ˫ĵѪ
ֿˡΪΪƵµĺߣʮƽûἰ¡ǽõݸꡣ
ȥ˳һˡ
ֽԼ¸Ԩ°գ˼
˵Ҫʲôʽħܺɱģ
ҪɱܺͲѣѵôħ˳³Ϊһµı˵û顣Դ˻ǱȽġ
Ƚ¡
ʵʵСԣʳִ㡣
¶˼֮ǰɱһħ塣
ֺԨһۡ
Ǹڳſڷ˵ʬ塣
ħ˾֪֪۵ôѿֻ˵Ȼ֪Ϊ÷ʱš
Σ񵽵׳ǵħ˶ȻûмǸħʬס
Ȥ
ǰǸħʬ
Ԩ˹˵ܲһʱͻڳ
ˡ
ӵ
һʱֵȴЩļ
һʱչԨվڴ̧֣ƺڵʲô
ջ֣֡
߰ɡ
Ѿ㶨ˡ
۾һҲ˲ֱ϶Ԩ˳Ŵӷ˳ȥ
𣬿֮Ҷ衣
˷ϯ׳ǡ
ſԨ˫֣˷㣬·ǰ
ǰȵļ䣬һֿ˵ᳵ·ߵĸ¥
˿̳Ѿӡ
סħĸ¥Ӳֹ
ֺԨʱѾħŭ¥ֱײǿд˳¥
֪ħ屩ŭͷԣȴҲ˵Ϊֱſͻ
Ϊ׵ħּǸԳŸʵħ塣
ŸǻǣȻҪܺͣȴҲ²ħ̫ݡ
ֻۿԼͬ˲ģ˭ҲһȻţȴҲû̫࣬¶ֳġ
һƽװһ˾Ͳˡ
˫δȨڣ¥¾Ѿ˳ͻ
£֡
˫׻ű˴ݣĸԼ¶ˣơ
ϡһ̬ķ
ЩҪġ
Ҫ˫ʧȥǵĶ֡
ҪһѻѾǵģ侲ĵȴ̬Ķ񻯡
ôһ˲䣬ȻһкϺϡƽġԹ˵ȵĳ
Ҳڴ˵ȳξϡ
һλߡ
ȵһ屻Ƶڵʱָ̧һ
ǵصѪؿŻ²ֹ
ΧΧɫ䣬ЩħѾгޣȡԼĿż
һͬ
ԡ
ǿҵµõӳ֣ſżķһħ֫类۶ϣǱء
ֱһ̣˫Ѿʶ޷ˡ
ŸħܹԼµ汻۶֫ѵҪͿͣɲħ硣
Ÿһ£˼ͻȻ
ԶĸߴڣźŮӰ֮Ҷ֮Уo֮ŮϾĿһеıʡ
ȴųͻ𽥱ɻսȴܺʹӸ¥Ҵ
һҪˣʱ䣬ᣬȫλ
ֶܺͿһۡ
ﲻϻУܺἰԨǱȥİʱΪȻЩı顣
ǻõġ֪ԨܹʲôҲ֪õԨѪĿἰԨ
ҲǼӺߡ
һۡ
ĸһС
ͻ˫һԲϰγħϳ۵˵ʬ壬Ķš
ʱˡ
ֵȵŸ̧иֱ޵һ̧̣֡
һֱޡ
ַ·ûвԼ˿ٻĶ
ϢŸʻ¸ֱ޵һ˲䣬иֱͬӳ
վڸ¥ܺΪȻ
۵ħ˶֪ġҲΪ˺ǿмװ¹Ͱˡ
Ҳ֪ǴӺδõ۵ʬ壬ⲻӦǴҶ֪ʲôֵߵģ
ֻħҪЩʹ졣ɲܶ档
ܺͰ벽ҲãͲЩħҶЩʲô
ʹǸֱ޻һ˲䣬ܺĻνЩħݺݵıǵһƤ
Ȼһ̣ķѡ
ʲô벻ˡ
Ѫģڿ޷£ҶƮɢ
Ѫˮεδ
ܺͲŵ˫ڿôҲղϡ
ͬҲŸ˲㵵ر顣
˶סˡ
ħĸ߽ʿһӴδĳ
ɲʲôЦ顣
Ÿʴˡô˺֣
ħ𾪣Ͱ͵ʡ
ŸԼͷԼеĸֱޡ
Ī˵ˣԼҲš
ԼģҪԷһѵô˺֣
ʵһ£δ׳ǳ峤ʬ
ɫס
Ҳ˵ʱе˴ܺ͵֪̬ı仯
ħ֪˴£³ȷʬҡ
ܣԲħ֪
Ÿʵ۾𽥱졣
ɱ
¾κ֪ǾͲҪһ뿪˴
ħϢ졣
ۿŸʵѡ
£ѾԨûκθϵˡ
ֻȴŸ֮˵ĳ֡
־ȴš
֮ĲֻħϢһɴ
̧ͷŰ֮гֵ
ȴˣˡ
л˵



180 
Ŀ, ϲġһ֮мʪ⽫Ǿˡ
ܲ, ŨѪϿաɢʬء岻ܺʬʹ顣ЩħЩҡǱħ̵Ҫùϵġɺãĳɱˡ
ڻħ£ڳ˶Ѵ̡
ȻŸʡ
Ѿһճľ, ֮ҪϽħˡ
һħ뿪˻ûһɸߣͱһ顣
֮¡׷׺ĸ߸ֳһȣһһſ̨װƽء
˴Ѫȡ
ݵ, һһߵܺʬ׵Աߡ
ѪĴΨһ
һ, Ѫõѡ
̽
׷׺ĸ߸ֳ, վܺʬ, ˵, ˺ѣǰδ˵ĸɬ
࣬ʱ, ӭһƽ١
߻ת, ۽, ѹۿ, һ˫СֻңһƬ顣
һ˫ȴѹȸе, ֱŵˡ
һۡ
˰
Ҳ顣ôһֵĿľΪ㱻Ҳ޷
ĿѾﵽˡ
ֳȻ˫ϥأ̧, йߵ״
ڴ, ̿֡
峤, ҲǸԨʱס
˵ѵʾδ߹˼һеԴ
ֲһľ֡
ȻֲλoϣĳҲ㲻Ľ䣬ǼȻ׿˵ˣʱĺƽ١ⳡƽٵĿˡ
һʼðʱﻹǻŻŵġѾ̹ȻԼ˿̵ݡ
o䲻֪ΪβδΪһҧЩҪҪoܴʲô
ںԣΪoϣλ߰ģ峤Ҳֻڵأߵݡ
ڻ̿ʲô
ϲδ峤ܿܿԨġ
Ǵ峤ֻ˵ܿԨӵУ˵Уǲעġ
ûĴڣ
ѪȡʱǺ޲Ԩһżܶ
һӵİ࣬ù¼ŵԨĹȥýǿԼѪһ塣
峤ܻ̿ʲôأ
ֵ̿ǣƫ
ģ́ͷɬ˺Ѱɳơ
ƫԾһˣȫ塣
Ŀ˵ϣٳٲ
ƫǣƫָ޷ڴ˴
԰òҪʧƫġֻһֻСԾ˽ġ
ĴԣֻԨܾѵĶߣȥ壬¡
ֲԲڵص峤
Ȼ˵ԾһˣھҪһˡ
ֳ֣ѵõʮǿ
໹ҡ
峤δװɵ
˴һľ֣ͼȻǼС
Ѿ˵⡣
oϴҪģӵǰ࣬𣿡
峤̹ʵ˵ּ⣬ǰѾܽĴˡ
ƤһЩ仰ʲô˼
ֵԨָ߬ģɫƽĮ峤ߣ翴·ߵʯ顣
еַֻ֡
峤
Ϊ⣬ҽ
峤ֱ塣
żȻ֪ٴ˴ħǣԥҲ˵ϡ
ѪĿУ˶㷲صȴһС
峤˹˵
ʮǰӵǰѾͶԨ֮СΪԨı塣
ֲ֪Ԩʲô뵽һ¡
֮ǰԨȥһɫԨ᳤ɫСĵط
ȻԨŴǲôһ
ӵİѾˡ㽫峹׻ȥǰҲԶز
峤˵
ҧû뵽
޷ҪصĻԨԶ޷뿪壿
Щã
ȻoϴʡôҲҪoϴһ
Ԩ֮л÷ӣ÷Ԩ᳤֮ʥ龧
һ㶡
ȵȣ龧ǰʱԨȥǸԨڽɫժµǶذ껨
˿̻Ľء
龧÷ĺ̬
ȵ龧ɺɫͿΪӵһࡣ
۾һ˵ôǸ峤Ͼ龧ǵС
ǣ龧ɫ֮ǰ뿪ԨǾȥһе塣
ִ峤
·ʲô֪˵ɫ龧ûд˵á
ɫ龧ֵĽСȻ峤ôװ׵ĸ龧Ҳ޼¡
峤ʲô֪һԤ֪¹ڵϺ˵־ӸµĳŪ
ֺЩңǿԼ侲
޾ԡ
ո峤˵ǣ龧÷ӵĺ̬÷أ
oϴ˿֪ܲȻ龧һժ޷÷Ӳͬ
峤ڵأ˵÷ںʱεضԨֻҪߵ죬ܿ龧
Ķˡ
СԨһ龧Ѫ죬ǾԨһˡ
Ľвֹһ龧÷ӡ
ԡ
Ԩ֣߬ߵ
Ҫ÷ӽȥ
Ԩ˵Ǹ峤һƣ峤ԼԤ֪ǵĿ󣬽һıתһν֡
ջ֡
ǰΪնղ

ֳɵؿԨ
ǲ֪˵һ塣
Լoϣħõ÷ӣҲ뷨Ӹoϴš
oϴǰԤ֪÷º󣬾Բħóѵġ
ԼǾ˴ʱһͰˡΨһģֻԨ
İࡣҪɡ
˵
˽ϡ
һ÷Ӷ˵ûʲô壬Ԩİ࣬Ƿ
Ԩһΰסֵ֡
ŵĿ֡
ǰ˵壬ܸߡ
ǰΣɲҪ
л˵
~


181 
ԥضԨ
ĺܼ, ÷ӾħҲκţܵõԨǰֶ࣬Ϊأ
Ԩ˵ִ, ҪҪô
ѡ
֪o֪һЩ£Ը÷ӡ
峤ɬ˵
oӦ֪, ֮ûܹ֮Կͽܣֻһ߱΢Ŀˡ
ֵû뵽峤Ȼܰһаڿ˵
ħĹͬ㡣
ҲӦ֪, ÷Ӷ˵ǲôĴڡ
÷ӵࡣ
峤˵ֻҪoҪ, Ըұٽ
ò˵һ, ֻĶˡ
һ粽롣

峤ߵס
oˡ
¶˾ġ
Ԩһ޷, ֻ
֮һĿ, Ļ
ȻѾ˾͸ߡ
Ѫɢȥ
˽ܺ͵ʬħ˵Ǿ±ħͷ, , ȴħĳͷ
ӳǰ޾Ԩ, ǺԨһ
峤ûкһ, ȴǵִ֮ǰѾȣվԨıԵ, ŽɫУ龧Ԩ
峤, ΧĻмߵˡ
һʶ, ܸ֪Щϵ, бĲ塣
ǣ֮⣬ȻħĴڡ
ǧź£վԨԵ紵ѹֵ֮£ع˫۾ƻҪ
ֺԨյ֣һȻʮְۡ
ʦϲСǵͷȴ˭ʮָաӣѾǵڶαʦǣˡ
Ϊİ࣬ʦ֪ʲôȴԸó÷ӡ
һ̣ǧ̺Ԩ˼غˡ
ɱ
ɱӡ
ȻֵʱǹĹ
ʦ𡣡
֮ǰƺʦʱ򣬴˿һ˿
ֿǧ̵ʱҲһ˲Ĵ㵡
תһ룬˿̶÷´Ҷ֪ȻǷϵģҲνˡǶoϵݣԼo룬ͽΪһЩ߳˷ҵ˼βͰѶԷ鼸ٴΡ
뵽ˣֶҲûʲôɫɨһۣװʲôҲ˵ӣĿֱ峤
ǧŴָĿơ
˵ʱʦֻôһ㲻ںôһҶ϶ʦʲô֪ˡѾһ˿
ʦ֪µĺǧΡһĵʱǧ̵ҪըѰۡ
ʦ𷣣δʦӻʹˡ
ΪʲôΪʲôʦͲܶ࿴һأ
˴治ͷʦö࿴һ
ħڵĵطħϢơ
ƽȵ
Ȼûж֣еע峤ϡ
Ҫô
峤ԨеĽɫ
oˣᷱٲʢ𣿡
ûлشֵ⣬ʡ
ֱ˵˵ᡣ
峤̾˿
ˣɡ
Ϊʧȥ𣿡
롣
Ǵδõġ
͵ԨµЩo֪Ҳῴȥġ
峤˵ˣ̫ˡ
峤̧ͷһագһжʲôֻпŭ𣬾֦Ҷһһֵĸζ
ע
ӣ졣
oˣ뽫÷ӵһࡣ
峤֡
ԥ£Ǵӽȡ÷ӡ
ֻаƴһС磬ûнδ塣
ֻһп޵Ĵڡ÷Ԩ֮л龧ٱԨİ࣬ԡ
÷ӵʱֺȻ뵽һ¡ڽŵõһ÷ӵʱҲΪħᡣ
˵ʱ꣬ħҲûзǸͷ
oϺħʦͽʲôѪˣ
ֲ⡣
˿Ҳȥµʱ÷ӵݽ峤С
ԨĿĹʵ峤С
һΪ˵Ϊ𣬳Ϊʹҩ̰ôߣһһǻҪ˺Ѫ
һеĿɵĻ
Ԩ֡
Ůһࡣ
ķ˿ڿɢڱǷҲ֪ߡ
峤ӹ÷ӣصʥһһߵԨԵ
ɫԨ﷭ڣժȥ龧󣬴˴·ȱʧʲô峤һһԨŽɫ÷ӣߵԨ롣
ڽɫ֮У߶ʲô
Ԩ֮еĽɫһɫĹֱ˺ܲơԾԵǿƵա
ܸогһǿϯգɢ
ǰԨ֮е÷ӡ
ССڽɫмڲӰȫ峤ıӰ֪ںδ
˿Щߵ˹Ԩ±ߣ̧˫ֽӡͬеʲô
˿ڽ÷Ӵ졣
ҲܿܵõԨһˡ
֮еϢԽԽŨѾֲĵز
΢΢ü
֪ΪΣܸоһ㲻ԾϢЩų⡣
Ϊʲô˲أֲ̫⣬Ȼ˰벽
һԨˡôˣ
ֻһȦ˵עԨ֮¡
ŴܣеϢҲ
Ԩ̧ͷ
ɨϵĽ⣬ڽ֮ԴԴӿϢ
ֻϢδĴڡָоģҲֻϢ
Ǻö˶˵ģϢôأ
Ԩ룬ס
ԼڵϢ˵ڡ
ֲüͷδһ˿ĸо
Ҳ˵ĲϢ˵Ϣ
ԨĿԨ֮¡
Ԩ֮У÷ӵСѾ˽Ȼͬı仯һذĽɫС
龧
ֻҪ龧ɺɫ
ֺԨĿ£ɫذ龧һһȾϺɫ
۾һ
ˣԨһ࣡
峤ѾȣɫĹԲӿ롣
ɫذ龧ڽɫ֮зһƬһƬĻ䡣
ŨǿϢǵŲӿǿơ
ԨԵЩߵˣͣϢ˥ǿϢӿ峤֮УЩ˻ڵأʧȥϢ
ʼճ
һ̷
룬ﲻ̫ԡ
ҡʼӡ
Ԩ֮е峤߾˫ۺ
ȴûңӵѣϡ
壬ȴԴǲƫĵĲ
֮أȥƮһɺɫ̡
Ż峤壬ӿ˺ɫ̣š峤˲˥ϸɱ
ŭ
ѡһеɡ
峤ԨվԨ
ͫһԨǰض
峤ǰһ
Щɫ̻գںɫ龧߷һ峤ָӵȿֺأԨ
ƫ㣬㲻㣬һʹһ졣ÿһˮ϶Уļÿһȥ˾ʹ㶼ĳаٱ
̧һƻ峤ŵתץԨ
ԨվԭأɫȻһʹʲôֻǿ
峤³һѪ϶ؼ˵
ӵеĶʧȥ㽫ԶԶ޷һˣһĶİཫᾭǧ̣ÿһǡ֮ˣԻ㽻϶㽫޷Ϣʧ㣬岻񡣡
Ź¶ԶĻȥɣ
뵽ʲôŵҧŴһԨ졣
£Ϥĺɫ䣬ļӣ
ǰԨ۾գһ£仰ȴɫȻҰס
ᡪʹʧ
л˵

ûС֮ǰ̬ԭ


182 
ɫĹâƬ, ŭɫĻڿз費ֹ˵, һɫԨ֮С
һڳֻʣ峤
峤ҲǷ꣬ʧ
ȴûзָЩ˰еҪ֪Ԩ˿̵
԰, סԼǻֹȻÿһ¾ϸϸܼǧ̣ÿһʹġ
ȻЧ
갮˺Ůʮ꿪ʼʲôıԵʹ顣
ֽ߬, ֱ֮
ʧȥo
Ԩ֡
Ҫ, Ҫ
קԨ, ۿϤĺɫʱ, ֪ЩԨʹʲô
ָ, ˿ҧǿԼ侲
˿ӺܻҡΨһȷĴˣûзס峤Ķ˼¿Ԩϡ
˵һĻǰ, ôԨϿ, ǳϤǺɫ, βأ
ʱʲôʱ
޷侲
½Ԩ롣ƽϵһ˿ޡ
Ԩ΢΢ʱ, Ȼ뵽峤䡣
ÿһ궼ʹ壬˿ֻп粢δΡȻΪʹ
Ϊʲôۣ
̧ΪͶԵò԰׵ɫ
峤еУἰ֮ˡǧ, ̡
˵Ԩʱ˿֮, ʱ˿̾ھʹࡣ
˵ʹ֮ˡֻ
һ˲ۡ
֮ˡ

ʮԨ, ϵ֮
ǵĻ, ˵ΪĵԨʮʱҪһѣ
벻̫࣬ڷѾ𽥱䣬£Ҫ취⿪Ԩϵ䡣
У峤ƭݺԨʹĻС
һжõõƲá
¡
ֵСȴܼᶨ
˶Ԩ˵գŤͷԨ֮С
Ԩ÷ɳذ龧龧ĻΪһһĴ˵Ԩ̻
峤ڵأЦ
˹ڴˡע˵࿹һΰɣ
ֻܸо峤Ǳűģͬ˵Ҫһ
ݷԨϣҪĿղǶԨļӺ
峤
岻ǱġԼ񣬽Լ˵ȾĻӦõġ
ŭȼġ
Ѫ̣һɲ֪Դںδӿ塣
⿪䡣
ֵָ峤ͬʱָһųɫĹ⡣
ɫĹָ⵴֮Ʋɵ֮ݲһС
ȥʬ˲𡣶ڳΨһħǧڿָһʱɫ䣬̧ȻεʱҲ޷ֵ弸һ룬ɫĹд壬شѪ
ǧǿʹһ˫۽֡
ǡ񷣡
ʦδһε񷣣Ϊһ䣬Ϊһӣŭʹ񷣣
ʦУӾôҪ𣿾ôֵǣ
ǧĨȥߵһ˿Ѫ
ܵ񷣵壬ɲǶ̶һָܻġʵϼ֣صħ˺ʱʦѵ֪ʵ𣿻Ǽʹ֪Ҳںͽܵ
Ϊ֮
ǧ̿ȳѪЦһ
ʦĺᶼǸӵĻҲûʲôԥˡ
ţ峤Ѿˡ
ʦߵһҵġ
ɫĹָۣһϣɫʧ
һ˫ض峤
ܹ񷣵峤һʧȥɣɣήÿһ·ľͷ
ڵأðغš
ֻoϴ˲ܽ⿪˵䡣oϴˣֻһƬлɡ
ü۲
oϣ޷֪˷Ҫ⿪˵ȥѰoϴˡ
Ȼˣ峤ûµıҪˡ
oϴˣɲܶʧһƬƬ
峤Ѫ˵Ǻźoϴ˽գƱҪһƬˡ
һ㶡
䣬oϴ˵꣬ǶƫĲ
ֻ˵ҵȱӵҪȻ󡭡һȥҲɡ
峤ЦoϴˣͿôѡˡ
ҪôԨ䳤ڴˡҪôõıܻǻԶʧȥ⿪Ŀܡ
ɫ΢ס
oǰ˵ڴ˲ú󣬾ˡ2
Ԩֻܹ¶ı
ɫɢ
˷ӵų˴ϣװһƬǽӽɫڰһ̶֪˵ľͷƴʥظ
ֵȹڻζֹڿھ£
ֻعͷԨ
úԨںʱ΢΢ĲʹЧһӵİ֮˵ӣÿһÿһκǶĥ
ԨҲߣ΢΢ҡͷ
Ҫ˵ġǲ֮
֮ӣʵΪ干档
峤Ҳ֪ǵӿһһڵѪһƬضѪȾʪ͸
帲֮ʱ֮ͻ֮ݻ١
oϴǲţɷһԡ
ֲԡ
֪İԨҶɲȥôһܡ
ǺҲҲڴ˼ʱôΪoϵһƬأֻ˵˴ͳΪoϵһƬꡣ
ʦΪʲôһʽأ
ǧ̲֪ʱѾվԨıԵɫƣȴزסʣһذ龧
ֳȥ
Ȼǰʦġ
ֻҪ
ֵȴδ֮ԡ
Ȼһ̣оһ˿Ծ
֮ŨŨǧ۳һ䣬仯һɫĹâֵϡ
űֵ˲䣬ָоԼ⡣
Ȼֻô̶һ˲ȴҲŻǧץסᣬذ龧ǧ̵һźɫСӣ޷˲ֽ̧ɫСֵĿС
ͫһ
ʦҲˡ
ǧû뵽ɹ˼򵥣ÿһЩŤ
һƽⲻ˲Ϣʧǽʧ֮ǰԨѾļ򣬵ͷĴ
һһڻһС鹴ԼС
ֵɴۣһ͡
ȻԨĶƤѿʼѪһڱİ֮˵һ˲Ųǧе֮ʹ
ǧ̱Ϊϳɹˣû뵽Ԩһǣһֱӽǰȥ
ֻһ÷ӣôûˣ
ǧ̵ɫ䣬ͣջûסֳ̧ԨϮȥ
Ȼ˽ɫӡԨӦ죬ƿԨֵ̧һϢֵǧ̵Ľ֮⣬뵽Ҫʲôһ䣬ٴɫ񷣣һκĳǧ̴ȥ
ǧʹǿʵǰ޴ֵ
һû񷣣ֱӻ壬һΣϥ³һѪ
ʧˣ׵ʧˡ
߻ôͷǧ̣ǱԨѾ̧ĨȥǵѪŤͷ˽Դ֮
Ǽ˹ɽ£ɽУͬ崢ǧ
ôƬ˵
ôҡ
֡
Ԩͷ֡
˿̻ѪļȫѺۣѪȿֺش
ѾȾ죬ָʱڼ̨ϼ
һ
ǿӡ㡭
û˺
Ԩ˵
ֱֿƬ̣ȻЦЦ
ͦõģȻֻ֪࣬ʲôǰһ˵
ۿ΢죬ҧ´
һ˵
Ԩ˿̣ǰġ
֮ǰδ˽̹û˸߹Ԩĸ顣

֮
ǣۡ
ã֤İ֮ˡ
Ԩ۾΢΢䣬Ц
֡
ֱȴһ䡣
ڽɫĹ£ᡣ
ЦУ̾˿
᲻㡣ȥԭȥɽӡȥȥĵط߱ɽ
˼֣ҴҳԨԵġ
ֻҪϵ䣬µȴ龧Ϳˡ
ǲôѾΪĲˡ߱񡣡
Ԩ֣һۣ·Ҫӳ۵ףò
ֻܳ׻ܳ׻ˣֻҡ
ͫһ˵ʲô
˲Ȼһ̣ȥԨʱȴһ˽ɫԨ֮С
л˵
~
дºǸQAQ


183 
ɫĹâƬ, ŨϢÿһ䡣Ϣڿее˶ڵأ֮࿹
Ȼһн, ԴڵԨ֮УһȦŨ
ͫһʶĸԨԨ֮С
ȻԨȴųŲ, һɵɫ޷׹ꡣ
ֱһţôҲ޷׹Ȼ֮Ѿ쿴Ӱ
Ԩж֪ԨӰʧ֮, һɿ־塣
ոԨĻʵЩ, ͷֱ, ֲ֪Ԩ֮»ʲô, Ԩ¡
, һɽɫĹâۣһŽɫСӡ
ɫСӹ֮УէȻ©һɽ⡣
Ȼڽ֮вδԨϢ
⾿ô, ԨΪҪԨ֮УеĻķʽʲô
ֲö֪, ȴĻšǴ˿, ץסԨӰн, ȴ޷ͨԨȥץֻܻʶȥ峤һץС
ѾϢ٣ۿڱǶʼѪִֹ³һ, ֮³һѪʵʱղࡣ˵Ѿʱʱ
Ԩ֮£ʲô
ּеʡ
Ǹطų, ޷ȥһ̽
ʱȥÿһʱһ̶ŻԨ޷δ֪˺
Ѱ
峤ĿԨ֮¡
ɫѾʼӿ, , 𽥽Ԩ֡
֮У⽥Ⱦ˺ɫ
ڰĲϢա
峤ڱɫ
û뵽Ļ𣬾ȻԴڴˡ
ˡ
Ȼ֪ܡ
峤һǰܣǲŵģȴòʵ
һֱӵӣȻ֪ܡ
Ԩ޾֮Դͷ
ӵİԨġ֮ӲԴͷ
ͶԨ޾ԨӵԴԴʳӳһƬأɡɡ
һ̣ǵصĺڰԨ֮ӿɽӿ˵ӿֳɫڰбڰɣɫĹâ۳һΧɫϯ󽥽Ⱦ˺ɫ
ϢաϢҲһ̸Ļ֮ÿ·
ռ˺һӡꡣ֮ǰԨѪˮͬ˿̵֮Ũ
ȻűأĻĵ棬ʴһӡ
˵Ĳҽһ̴˷۳һƬ˼һ㡣
ЩˮˢŵǣѪǼܣһء
ⳡڰԨѪ
ڣһ⡣
ɫĹȻױڣˮٴδŨѪ֮ȻһεѪ֮ȴǶԨѪİǻծ
Ƶ˶մȾѪһ̽ߵ
ǹϯĺڰִ֮СЯѪˮˢء֮ݲʴ
շ·𱻹̳˼һһȼһƬһƬïɭ֣ɽ͡
ԨΧ
ɿ֣е峤
˿̵峤ѾһϢۿɼֹͣھһ̡û֧ţ峤ڵϻ³һʧȥĺۼ
˵Һ಻˷
ֻбͻ򲻶ϵĳ޺ԽԽԽԽ١ۿɼѾױһȼ֮Ѿּ֮ĳˢʴһر
Ƴױò
꣬棬һףһ
޺֮ѾʧͬʱԶ׳ڸʴ֮ѾΪһƽأҲҲڵĺۼ
ֽһģЩᵽһ鸯ǣãȻվڱ֮С
֮䣬ΨˮմС
ħǧ̲֪ʱѾʧ˿޺ʱѾ֪Ԩ֮еԨ⣬ƬΨһŵˡ
ֻԨˡ
ںɫԨ֮ʱһԨ
һһţ޷׹ס
Ԩ
޾Ԩ֮е׷ʲôһеıʣ峤еʲô
µԨˡ
İȻŹȥıı䡣
Ϊĵı˹ȥǻ᲻ᵼԨʧ
ֻҪһ뵽һ㣬ʮûаȫСֻҪҵԨ
ſԨ֮ߡ
˵ؼȻ˷츲صĸı䣬ɽѣˮ࣬һж֮бΨԨδ䡣
ִԨ֮С
ɫָ⡣
ֺһϢڼٵĶ֮Уǿץסһƺɫ
֮£˿˿Ƶ껺֡
Ȼ֮ǰͬ˿̵һ֮У˵ѾҪԨΪһ塣
ɫ䣬ںڳ磬һƺɫӡǡ
ۡ
ֺӵһ˲䣬ۿһȣһ
Ԩ
Ȼˡ
ڰƵ꣬ᱻԨɡ˱ԼΪԨĻ
Ѱһ֮·
ָ̧֣Ҫ黯ˣĨȥ۽ǵһᣬͷؿЦ
֪νĲ֮Ϊӳʱǿ˰󶨡ֻҪ岻Ͳ帲֮ʱ˵֮ʱĸ
Һãдѡ
֣Ҫޡ
˵
Ѿ·ڸߣֻڵָ֮䣬ͻ᳹ʧ
ֿԨ廹һ˿΢΢ĲˣԨɣѾЧΪ֮ǰҪǧһʹࡣ
ӣ̧ӺҲ˲۾ͷӽȡһźɫСӣ̧ιԼС
һ黯깴Ĵ
ΪĵȻرǡ
Ȼһ̣һ˳ĺ¡
㵵ۡ
ӲŮ˿ˮۿȴЦظͺˡ
ңͲˡ
Ԩֻоͷһ֪֮еһ÷ӣֻ֪ɷָһٱǿư䡣
ֺ֪˹ȥֺ֪δ
ҲֻѡȻѡһ·
ֽ̧ӡ
һֵĶͷƮ
겻ȫǿ˺ѳԼһ꣬һ˲վվȡ
껯һ壬ֲ԰һɫ˿ߴҧŴ˩Ԩϡ
һ
ֺڵԨʱĶ졣
İ䣬ǿʼճŲ
ԭһСעġ
ֽԼĻԨϣŨϢһ̿ʼӵԨ֮ء
ιҳµǡԨѾԼЩ΢ı仯֪ʲôʲô
ԥƬ̣ЦЦ
÷ӡ
ͷա
·գĿ𽥻ָ
ͷؿԨ
㲻ǵعǵʱ㡭మӣͷԨֻǵáϹһֻСꡣ
Ԩ㵵صɴۡ
Ҫǵ㣡
һνʪۿ£ǿЦԨЦۣĴԲԲЦС
ҵܱ겻ֻҪ겻ԨΪԼµˡȻ󡭡İ󣬼ǵСƽҶϣҡ
˵ʲôͷǧһʹʧˡ
ʲôǿư룬ŰԨ֮Ů롣
һǵá
Ȼ黯󼸺ԨɵֻһӰ
ȴΪһƻǿס꣬Ԩ֮УӰ׹
ơ
ֱʲôҲ
ա
ֱϥԨԵԨ
ʲôҲҲȷÿġ
붯߶תƣɽУѣʼձϥԭ
ֱ
һ˫ִᱧ
֣ؼˡ
л˵
~
ȥ~


184 
ʱ, ٵĶֻҪǵãͲʧ
ת, Դȥ֮һɣĻɫʪѪĵض֮, Ȧβ𣬹ͬУ˵¶е䳱ʪ
Ѫˮδ
ֻ۾
Ԩվ, ˫ֱļ, , ˫Ŀ, Ժǡ
һ˲Ļ㱡ָ̧ա˿̵ԨСʦܵģ, ЩİеϤ
Ԩ˵ЩɬģŴ, ŵضԨС˵, 뿴㡣
Ԩƺ˼
ûò˲ʧаԵ֮ǰŽȻͬ, ֵǰᡣ
ָĶͷ, Ǽ⣬ǣͷ, ֪Ϊۿһ죬Щʵ, ԨЦЦ
е㡣
˳Ĭ, ֽ̧§뻳, ˫۵¶ȺţַһУƣؿбۣȡ¡

һůĻǱڻиܵ˾Υƣ룬ίһЩİȫС
ָ߬Ԩ䣬Ĭȴûסҧס졣
ԨĶ΢΢Щܳ⡣
ſ˺һŻ˫һƣԨ˳
ѪˮɵεգϻܵһˮضѪڰյŵļʼղΣڵشڴ
뿪꣬ĺûеǰʵһ֮ľԼȫںڵĳ˲ȥɫ԰һƬ
̲סһѪȴһʱ̧ͷе֣ҵ
ֳĬĴӽȡʯ
ЩԨġ
Ǽ죬Ԩ¼ŵΰգ֮Ųǧʯʯ
Ľ죬ûһ壬˭õЩʯأ
Щʯ۾һҶоˣ
ȴ֪ڡ˿˵һŨƣϯȻ
̧ͷʪұŲٵڰ֮УЩİǣֻ˿ðѪ顣
һĻͫһԨڼ̨˵ģ
ʶָ̧֡һźɫĹâ˲Ϣɢ
ЩŰǵ˲ʶáͳͳɿ֦ѿ
ڰеļ˳׹䡣
ҪѪȵˮСһɷǡ
ԨǼŵϡ
ŮͶѶѪˮʪ˿̶ڻУ˫һ
񿴼һ˲ŴŲʹ޳С
Ȼ굽˻ԣ޷Ӧĸ׵ĺ
ڵϣʵĵлллλ־ºǡ
ȴûע⵽ЩǣעԼС
ոһʹǹӯȻȻӵеġǰ˻
˵СϢ
ѾûĴ½һϢϵġ˵ϢĴ̤ʵҪԵǹħ壬ϢֵĻǲµġ
ֻĶΪʲô׵ĵõϢ
ֻڶԼƷԨѾֽЩװ³С
䲻֪ʲô֪û˺Щǵͼ˲Χ
˴Ǽӡ˵Ǽ˾ӣʵЩΪ˼Ʒ
˴࣬ŢѪȡһ˲ϲĴڡ˵ȵطñ
ֲڶ룬̧֮˴ɽҡض
Ȼ̧Ԩ˵
߰ɡ
֪ɣȷż
ǵ󣬴˴һһ̮
صϣʦިСʦѾ׹ȥʱƺѰ˵ء߽ͬУȥֻ߲һ
˱ֱڲƺü˼ô̶̵˲ϢµĴؿʼ
Ƭ̣ԨһļȻ̮ȥ
ֺԨЯЩǣԼĺƽϰ
֣
ިһСʦ۾һæǰץסСʦõ´
û°ɣ±ʲôˣ
ֺһԼҴʦϾ۽һֻĸоһ΢΢ҡͷ
ûʲôЩѾȳˡ
˵ز˾ȻѾ˾ȳˣҴ˴Ѿ̮ǵĴƱػᱩ¶ﲻܴ뿪˵
һҵС羣ٵ飬һȥС羼С
ǳĻڼǸˣû뵽ôͻˡϴһΧѣһѵ־ӭ־ӭ˳
ˣջ񣿡
Ԩ³нǼȫ˳
С羾һСţ
һѪꡣƤڣ֮ǰһǿ׳ģɴ˿ʧѪԵģź㲡
˵׻ûСʮ־ϲֹסȴǸ˵ָ˴ԼĻ顣
Сţ̫ˣ㻹š
رɵ̧ͷֵл
лл㣬С羻СţС羲һˡ
鸴ӣ̧ͷ
Ҳ᲻һ˹㡣
ǳĿһЩǡִӽȡ˵ҩһһ졣
ֺ̤ʵʦֵĵҩЩ
һĶļҴҹֱ棬һŴһѪ۵ŮϷһ˳

ֺǾϲԭֻСҪҵСţˣĶӻţҪҵİҲ
Ǹɶ𣿡ިضŵϻԵŮ˺һе㲻ÿϸ
ε˵
Ѫ
ֻ˵ѪŮòˣڶ޷ò
ϴϴ͸ɾˡ
ިں˵
ʮȽи꿴һˣǴһ󷨣֡
ˣôţٸϴ
ˡ
ɨʮȻһˣǱס
Ҳǲеˡ
صڵصϡûȥǳĶǴ˴⡣
Σһл˳𣿡
ިһҺСʦе㲻˳˵ط޹
ҿСʦúһ˾˳
Сʦãôȵˣ
ֲŴ⡣
ΪԭΣԼ࣬غš
ջߡ
񡭡ԥ£ֻ赭д˵õһЩʯ
֪ΪΣزǰ壬ӡԨ
ļ͵һۡһһأ۵Ƶġ
̧ؿڣ
ʯǲ˵ǿȥαˣ
Ƚи²ʡ
Ψпռˮ
ʯҲοֻʯôԸαף
Ƚи޹صɴۣŶû뵽
ԥһ£˵ʯֻСֻס
Ԩ˵ֻſʹá
ֻҿԡ
˵Ȼӹ⡣
أ˲Լͬ
֡
֮һֱһֲ̤ʵ״̬Ԩȴκ⡣
֪ǰԨǲϹԨ
ҲȥĹȥѾǹȥˡԨûһϵ
Ԩ˵һĿϡ
ôʯިЩ⡣
Ԩüһ˿Ц⡣
ԼΪҿǸװɡ
ֿһ͡
Ԩ
л˵
~
һˣе㿨


185 
Ԩݵʱ, ʹѾһС˵ֶӵһ˲䣬·Ѿ֪˹ȥϵֻС˭
, ˶Ԩޱȡ
û뵽ԼȻһסκ˶֪ġ
ֻ֪ǰһ༫༫ƾ˫ΪʵѹһС̶̼ʮ, ȻΪ˶Ĵڡ֪·֪ȥ
û뵽Ȼ
ô˵أި˷֮࣬Сֹһ䡣
˶ͷα׵ĴڡҪ֪һ˾ǰĻڴˣ
Ԩϡ
һΪʲô˵δ˵ݡҪһС, Щղ
գ, ʲô, ֺûסֽŵ߬, ҧŴ۰ͰͶԨ
ǡʲô˼
˵׵Ļ, Ĳȷ
ܿ챻
ȻǾ͹ˣ㴦һαӦɰɡȽиһ֣Դ, Ǿ͸ɴ, ֱȥαף
˵ɡûô򵥡ռֱӸһˮ, ҲȻ, ôҲ˵ԼݡǲѾʧȥ׵
⻰˵˵ϡ
ǲ֮ǰûʯ𣿡Ƚи겻˵
ȻռĿԨϡ
ֻʯ𣿡
Ԩδֱӻش𣬶赭д˵Ȼʯºܺð졣
ʯ, ̺α׿ɱġ
˵ˣ˸û⡣һȷ˷, Ȼʯ, ԨԼ, ôαʤ㡣
Ѿ׻ȥαӦѾ֪ϢǵǰӦԴʩ˵
ǳ׼ĵҩ١ĿǰҪ԰Įڿҩķ򣬱ģĵģܵģҲ׼˺ܶࡣ
ܹʮƿƿ޹ޡűǡ
ȥαʲôط
Ƚи˵
áԨһڻؾ
֪ںδ
ӵηֱ治α׵ǳء
Ϊ֪ںδԽ
˿̲ӵȵռ˼ֵڵ
̶ĽިԨǰαڵأȽиͿռ£ʱһЩϾ˾ӱȥα˼ǿ϶԰ٴ
ֻǳһ˵ײף˲źá
ȷԼҶӵƽްΪһֻƴСֵļͷ
λҾȻҶҲӦ𡣵õҵĵطΪλ
УҲûоܾ׼ͬС
϶񣬴϶ñԼ
ɳĮ֮أХһһĻɳ
춼ɳգܵڵѿ⡣
ȡһźһֻȻס֡
̧ԨȻü
ǣ㣬𣿡
գգۣ˵ʲôԨӵʱһʱʧȥ˵ıܡ֧֧죬ͷ
ֻ߬߬Ԩ
ཻյֺܿʮָۡ
һ㶡ŴͷĬĬԨǣߡ
ǰިδСʦúʮָֻۣԨ·һŷ
˵ܻЩΣաҪСġ
ިһͷͿԼСʦòڶñ£ߴС
˽յһʱ
Ԩ󷽷ؽԼקק΢΢ס
޷ڡ¡
ּͣϵĺҲԾĴųިļϡ
Сިһ֣ʵûԼСʦãסһۣתˡ
ֽһλӰ
ǰһΣʶĽץסԨѡ
һĻ䵽ʱ
ʱûץԨʱԨһĻ᲻Ԩһ𳤴
ôһ룬
Ԩͷ˵㣬Żع
ˡ
̧ȥһ޼ʵĻɳĮ֮У˴Ψһɫ
Ѿ̮˵ĳǽԫϣȫɫ˴һеĲкСէһۿȥΪ˴һƬĲݳ
ʵߵǽԫ߾һŨģ˲ʵϢ
ϢħϢҲһɵģǵ
ǰʶһǵϢ˵ǳ̱ǣӵȵĴڡ
һƬݳҲȫȻǣɫ֮£׾ӵģ֮м׳ǣȴּģ׳֮Ĵǽ
α׻ôһϵԲˡ
ǰе嶼ѳһ졣
ֵܵͳԵģҲͨյָݸԨ
˵ͷָ˹Ķññܡ
ʲô
̧һֻۣҡҡͷ
ҵĻ᲻֪ô㡣
Դ㵵ؿЩ棬ҲЩ⡣
Ԩٻ˵Ļֱס
ֽͰ˵壬ʲô
ŽͰ͵С꣬һָմ˴ЦеλãһССС
ˡ
ִɰͰŶһ
ˡ
š
ҲûʲôˣֻҲûи˰ˡôƫôеķˣ
λһõިίʵ˵Ϻƣ˫ֱۣðˣȥôȣûڸҺúýµ¶
ֵɴۡ
סȡ
Ƥһ¾ͺˣԼ
ʦ㡣
ֻôһ顣
ިˡ
ʵҲˣѾֵط϶Ҫµġ
ȻɳĮ𴦲ͬҲα״ڵĺۼ
ֵԼᵽһϢϢڵ£ǵر֮ϡ
ԨѾɿ֣ųǽԫϱһأֱһչһǳɫǳɫӰݳɫֲɡ
ͬʱԨһȻɱǻΪʵʰ㣬͡
һ̣ԫϱڷ·յ˼ǿļѹ˲䱬ը
ϵһ
ûĽϵֲ·Ҳʧȥ˸նһջһա
ʯ
ԨδͣŲԫ˼ƺڴʲô
ſеϢɫ̫ãЩණϢ֮¶ڡ
䣬һճʸֱֱϮ
Ԩһɱļʸȴ΢΢ЦЦ
ٿһҵ𣿡
ҵo
л˵
~
ţе㲻̫ȡŬոQAQ


186 
ּɴƯ, Ԩ
κý飬ҪһԴվĴڼΪסڳ, ֮žǿƵ
Ȼô̫٣ٵ䶼Ҳ
oƺ, ֻԨǰף֮ǰδԨ˵
ƺˡ
Ԩ
һʱ֮Ȼ֪ôԼ飬㶵ضԨ
ĺɫһɫϯ, ȻԨһ̧, Ƴһ, ˵ţ𡣡
̶֡ȴ÷ĹɲǼŤʧ, , 칭ʧ˲䣬۳һ׾ӵ۳һ, ڿƯ
Ԩһ, ƺֶҲ, ֻ̧˻ӡ
űһɷɢ˵©˵¡
Ȼķ, ưܲ¶µ˽
عˡ
ԨָӲøɾֱǼ˴Ц˵
ֺһŻع
Ĺ򲻾, Ҳô̶֮䣬ǰһоͱģ
˵һμԨʹ, ި
ŽԨʹ, Ƕϴ, ʹһֶɽ֮ƣĿɿڴ
༫С˾䣬Ժ򲻹
СʦҪǺ˺£Ժôǰ磿
ѣͷۡ
߰ɣȥʲôħ֡
Ԩ̧סֵ֣ǣѵĵһ
ި޷ֻܸȥ
˵ȥҲԡ
ǵһԨʵж졣һ죬һأ¥ᣬˮҡ
ּǵǴӵģΪ֮䡣
ʵ
˵ҪʲôͬһƬһ޼ʵɳĮ졣˴ȴһݽϢƽ̨¥ۡ
Ȼһ˽˼ҡ
ֻ֪һΪֲ֪ĸо
Ӳ֪һþһ
˴λӰިЩ΢شΧĸ¥
Ԩ̧ɨһ۴˴ȴ΢΢ۡ
һץһŻɫġ
ʲôۼжһŻɫ顣ѯʡ
ԨΧ
顣
Ԩ룬һ˵͡
ϵܻһƴڣǽǧһ𡣾ܵһ顣
˵Ҳûʲôôǲдһˡ޷÷ãҲ޷ԭıˡ
ǲдôһ㸡顣
ȴûʲôôĶǳͺܲԡȫǰ
飬Ҳǰ͸ʧڴ䣬ܳ
Ⲣʲô¡Ԩ飬һɼ
Щ˵ʵֻ˵׾ӵķƷϢɳ֮Ϊ
ڵλһСɽ¡ɽ֮··һ˼ᣬ̨ͤ¥ʮ߸ߵԺǽ⣬ٵĻݡ
ۼ⡣Ƽ˻֮ſŵһֻɫСӡ
СֺģƽڻϳСŽȻͬ
СӵͷǴɫġ
ƵСʦСﾭ
ǡʦ㣡۾һס˶СӵĲʣ̧ץСݵʦǰ
ԨܲʶԼҴʦ϶ʶʦС档
Ȼިһ֪

Ӵ˵ؾα֮ˡ
㲻ǣġ
ȻˣǾûʲôõˣþþģȥһ֪̽
˵ûκµģ󷽷ǽһԾСԺ
˴ܸоһԵϢⲢȴħϢ
ΪԼŴˣרűϸһ
ƵһϢȷħϢ
̧Ԩۡ
ԨҲ̧һ߬
һ򵥵Ķǰз·ʲôƵġѵͬʱ˵ľ
̧ȥԭһ˵̨ͤ¥󣬴˿Ѿ޷Щ˵Ӱ
˴вˡĮ˴࣬Ƶװ磬ͬһɫòϻһڵ˵ߡ
Щ˱֮һξʧڿС
ֿЩ֣ôʧô죿䡣ʲôĺۼ
ɲǼ䣬˴˲ճϢÿһ̱ǲʡ
΢΢ü
һȦͼҵЩӰ
ⷨҲδިҲŽֱԨ
ƲϣҲơ
Ԩ˵
ȷ㲻ǳͼªҳģ֮׾֮
Ϊˮ˿Ϊ
ϵҲǰ壬oʱǧ֮һɫ
µ׾֮ٴν˿Ű۵Ĵ졣
Ԩָڿһ
ơ
˲ŷһһѪ
Щڿеˣſѵ˲䣬Ҳ˺ؼòǱĴӿй䵽ϣ֮ȻΣ֮ʡ
Ԩشӽȡһʯȡ
󷽷Ķ¶ΧеҰ֮¡ϵóʯˣ˲жݡ
̧Ÿ¥֮ϵһɫӰ
Ӱƺ˾ʲô̧һӣеЩͬ鲻Ѫһʧ
ˣӴˡ
Ӱ˳Ԩķ΢˹֡Զȴš
֪ӴȴôҲû뵽Ȼˡ
־ץסԨӡ
ܲǸ¥֮ϵ˻߲֮ܳΪˡһӰӡ
ǡħ塣ֵ
ԨҲˡ
֪ǰӴڵģ֪ӻˣȥҲˡ
΢΢ۡ
걾̫ˡ
Ц
֪Ӧò˼֮ʦͽꡣ
ΪʱҲ
˵ħˣ
ӰĬƬ̣ȴЦ
üԡ˿ȴûѿࡣ
ڴֻΪȷһ¡
ֲһĿϡ
˵ĶԻв²¥ϵĺӰӦþħǧ̡
ü
ǧļ䣬ʵһõġ
û뵽һֱǱˡ
ȴû־Ȼ
Щ΢ضǺӰ
ӰĬƬ̣ƺ̾˿
ˣˣֻһ·ˡ
Ӱһס
ʦ´μ棬ݹͽˡ
л˵
~


187 
ӰȻǰֹħǧ̡
ֵļһ, Ԩ֮һ񷣶ǧǱء֮עԨϣδǧ̺ʱ뿪Ҳһμ档
û뵽, ǧ̾Ȼһԡû뵽ԭα׾Ȼǧϵ
ֲʱ꣬Ϊʲôǧ̻Ϊʦ
Ӧ֪oǰˡ
źӰʧ, Ԩֵɫ̫á˵ħǧⲻһĴڡ
˴̨ͤ·ʧȥһӣڼ̵ʱڣ, ʧȥ, ˴ҲҲһ˵Ĵ, š
˼¥, δҵĴڡ
ިЩ겻, ͬҲЩɻڲݴ￴ͷСӣ˴ôҲʦأ
ֱѴ˴˸׳졣ֲҵʦڹĺۼһߵĸ¥֮, һѾյķ䡣￴ƿյª, ȴвٹƳͣϢ
ݷҷϢ, Ϥʦζ
˴żһ, ȷ˴뿪һڡߵĴҴææ©һС
ʦ֪˾Բáֻ˵α׷ǵĴڣǰ
ʧȥʦĺۼ, еż
ָеǣ˴Ҳһ, ôᱻĿġαǰ, Ϊλã
Щ벻ͨ
ߵĸ¥, вٲдۼֵӴ׷ִ˴ۼΪȱưܡ
ʩ֮޷׾ӵģ
ֳΧ¥۵С̳
ͷĺųΧһתȦͣС
һóñֱһءһֱ˴ӣЩûʲô붼ڷơ
δע⵽ôһССǺ񲻻Ե޹ΧһͨȥתȦʾ䡣
ֻ֤ÿȥУǬ
ިýϻһ£Ƥһӣһɰл
ިֻ˼¡⼸ǿɶʱСһȦƣͥԺ
Ԩʶֵ֣ڰ֮΢΢ü

ֲ֪˵ʲôȻŰƣ˴ЩԾ
ˣިҲˣȽ֣ިӦҪһЩ
ǲǴ˵ؿռ䱻صˣ
Ԩס
û
ĵطӦǵڶ
ڴӵ˴̨ͤ¥ʱΪ͵ϵĲԫϱ֮һ漣һǻӰ
ΪİﵱĴ𰸡Ȼ˴һ澰ص֮С
ִһȷΪһþǱ澰ȷ뵽˴ȻҲαװġ
˵ﲻյ㡣
ɢ󲻾ɢȥ˴ĳٴη仯
һЩڵ֮еˣѾ޴ɲء
Ǹոյ̨ͤ¥󡣲ͬǳ˲ٵˡεʹӣһµɢͣһ¥ߵĸ¥ϣһɻɫı
ڱ֮Уֺ񿴼һӰڶǵķʲô
һŮӣڱ֮¿òΣֱֵʦ
Ȼֻôһ۵ʱ䣬ڴ˼˷Լ޴ɱܣƿ¥š
䲻֪λΪʲôҪǣǴ˴ĵ̡
ˣ̫ˡ
һŰµӣʮģһּ˴磬ֻûִϢ
˵Ŀɨӹˡֲмжһòĵˡ
һʲôȥдʡ
ڰ֮СΪʮӰ
΢΢̧֡
ǳģҲɵֵȫûзС
̧֮ʣԨѾһЩôõһ
óЩˡ
Ԩ̧˫ָ£ǰһֻһ֡
𡣡
һ֮ƣǵʮӰڰ˲ɢŵ˵αף弸˲ķѣѪɽһ¥
α֮αףӸϾͲһˡ޷ʹκһ䡣
ͬʱĲһ
֮ǰĵ⣬Ϊȱٵ׵αֺЩʱ
ǰǰαԳԭΡ
Ԩһ֮˵ѾʵһĸֻԨʹһʱ֮䵹Ҳ档ͷԨĲ濴
ƺֲмԼȤһ򵥵ĶԵøƷǷ
Ҳ˶α׵ӡ
ʵ֤һеαס
α׵İ³ױѪȾ죬α׸¥֮ϵ䵽أ弸鲻Ҳһǿδ
α׼ǲŵĵۣӺŴѪ
ꡣϡ͹ٴһѪԼħķ֣޶ȴĮΪ˸ǵαס
û뵽Ȼס
ѹѵ
α׻뵽λ˵Ҫ취ȥѰӵĳ˯֮أ份ѣΪá
ĿԨϡ
һʲô˵Ȼ֪ǰ˵ݡ
ӡ
λ˿Уͬʱþó˯ȥӡ
Ϊãλ˾֪֪ӵĿ£
ֻһ棬һֵҪ
ֵעαϣŷϣС¥һ㵭ɢȥŲŮӣȻǰ
ʦ㣡
˷ܲѣǸ¥ñ˸
СʦãҲûϳ²ôôˣ
Щݣž񻹲´ķڶ̶̼µʱ䣬ԼСʦȴǳһӳˣݳˣŵŮģ֮ǰӣһſɰ
ʦ㣬ôᱻץ㻹ðɣûΣգ
ֱŰ߶߶˵أǱިһѽֱӲǽС

ʦһۣԾӸ¥ȥ
һ̲ѪαѾߵ󣬺ﶼѪɴۺϲ£
һ˾ü
Ĳ㡣
˶٣һ䣺ȻǸ䱰ɵСˣһʵѲ˷ʤ
㡭󵽵׿ϵóԨֻ΢û뵽λ༫ˣ
ֶΡҼСʦõľء
ǰ༫ʱҲԨǰŵʱļλ༫˵ݣǼùľѡ
ިЦЦ
ѣԣû
ԨʦȤһ£ҲںʲôαײαףĿϡ
󣬳һü
֣ɺã
л˵
~


188 
ֶž֣¡һ, û˻ȥֲֵġϾƺֻڷ֮䡣
ԨҪһֵʱִҵĸо
Сľ¿ЩУᵽֵ, ޷ݸŷɴӿൽȴַɼд󸾣Ҫһ֡
һʱ֮ΪԼǻеıɡ
, ġҡƺֻһᣬЦ˵¹ش࿼Щʱ򡣡
¹ش֡
ֲòؼ֣֡Ԩֻ֮ʲô
ֺ뵽ǰף, ǸẦߵԨ, Ŷһ˵, ֻӲܡ
Ԩ˵ڵϼһƬĲ, ջߡ
һ¹ڵǸ, Ǵ˿̿Щ˵ڣһû˵Ļúʡ
ֻ֪ʱʱ۵, Ǵ˿ѾҲͬ
ֻ˵Ӧ
Ӧ
Ҳ޷ȷˡ
˴ĺۼҲ, ռһЩΪԵĿ֮жϵĲд, ִިȥռ˴˴α֮صһЩ
ͱ˲²дһ, ˴Ķ٣΢漰ܵĶ󶼱پ
ԵҲ, ֻһ㣬קިһؽ, ߱˵, һ, ɳĮеһˣ
ȴ޷ȥʦ˵ЩĶȥѰԴˡ
ʦ㣬СʦãӦôȥ
ؽ֮һܳİ˳ŰתתִһĹҵĵط
˴ǽǶŰ˸Ž󷨣ǰ˽ͣÿһǶһε󷨡͵м䡣һ俴ЩήСƻ
СƻĻ꿴Ŷˣ¶Żûʲô
ֽվ
Щ֮еĽǽ˳ŵ˵۵롣Сƻʳһա
۶Ƕ仨˺һܾЩ΢
һ仨˹󷨵룬ⲻȥ뻨á
ԨĿСƻ֮ϣþӣһŴƤЦһ
һ仨α׻ô󹦷򣬽ɳĮ֮˵ȫ仨Ǻ⣿
ިߵǽɫԱϸƬ̣׶Щģͷԡ
ˣͿʵⲻ֪ʲô
Ҳ˳ƿԨ
˵Ŀɨǽϵİ˸Ž󷨣һջߡ
ħں
ȡ忪ܵ龧кħ֮󷨣ĵΪģŪôһɱ
˵˲٣ֻһ㡣
㵵ضǶСƻ
ǰСƻܾܲǿԨ֮е龧ɣ
˵ǵݳȥ÷ӣ峤Ƕ龧к
ڼƴ뵱շʲô
ΪʱԨԨΪң޷ģеעԨϡҲǶ龧Ĳкδˣ
ӦħǧĶ֮ʱкȥ
⡣
Ƕ仨ٳˣã
ʮֲ⡣
Ƕ龧ذ꼸㣬󿴼ʱ龧ֻʣһ㻨һͬʱʧδ⡣
Ԩ򵥽˾䡣
ɢȥﻹĲд档Ȼֻһİ㣬Ѿܵõˡ
ҲܽΪα壬һϡ˲֪ٴѪܵõһЩ
һеԴȪڴˡҪӲһ͸˥ܵĻѡɳĮ˵ȥάϵڡ
νɥĲ
֮ǰ͵͵Ͼ޷˴󷨡
˿ǰϣԨϡ
ҲʶΪԨӦÿ׽󷨡
ȻԨһûж֣ɻز
ħ󡣡Ԩָڿм˵㣬ʲôûеĿУָĶһЩɫ˸
ֻʩ֮˻Ѫܴ򿪡
Ԩ鲻ãϾû뵽ħȻء󷨵Ĵڣһ̶谭󷨵Ŀܡ
еѰ졣
ǿ𣿡ЩԾԾԣиһ˿⣬ԡ
ֺţ֪ΪΣԼʵǰ˼
ȻǰõϢľ˰ɡ
û뵽Ԩȴֹ
ǿĿԲûУ󷨵Ķ֮ڣǿķʽȥƽ󷨣ᵼǣһᱬ⧡
һ㶡
촽˶Ƿǿ˼
ʵʦ˵ɳĮ֮еĻ˿ܲ࣬˶Ǳ׹Ϊ˰Įˡ
ʦֻŬľһˡ
ֻһ˻ţҲȥǿ󷨣
ȷһѰ¡
ʦֺ׷ȥħˡ˵һ֮˵ҪȥԴͷȻ˵Դͷħ壬¶ʦӦ׷
˿һáʦּȻȥˣǾϣ
ֻĿǰô죿Ѿ˴˴ܲ󷨼ʳ˵ɣ
ԥ֮ʣԨѾȡ˰˿ʯֱ˰˸󷨵۴
ƺ˵һʲô
̫Զֲδ塣
Ϊ֪ԨҲ޷ǿ˴󷨣һ䣺ʲô
ʱûԴԨǰ˿ʯûкܷɣʯڵʱƭ󷨣Ҳֻʱġ
⼸ʯʳ֮ǰץħˡ
ˡʱ⼸ʯɳĮ֮ǵ
ܴʱ̫ˣôԴͷ⡣
־ŶʦЩ
ͬʱԨ£ָڵϻ˼ʲô
ֿźǸ󷨣Ҳ̫
ҲûʳԨָֽ͡
ʱʹǿֱˡ
û̫´ɾţӦڴ˴һ˲Ƶ󷨡
ֻҪд󷨣ںδҪﶼֻǻһ顣
һͽʡ˲ٵʱ䡣
α׵ıլвʲôˣһ۷С
˴ܲСꡣ
СʵЩ΢ºܸߣθոڵϾ˲ڡ
ִŶñһſţڵС羻ûֱӿţŰʣ˭
ǣˡ
СϤſš
һ뿪ʱ
͵СѾʰһ̮ĿݣЩ˻İǴϴһ£һ̣ͨǶʱªĻ΢һ㡣
æĻжģɳĮȱˮҲܽʡһ迴ɫˮϴ˲ٶ
ŵСʯԣһѶٻմеѪѡ
ʦǱߡָָ²ӿ죬š
ʦ֣һ
߳ŴʦͷȥĵĹСקקԨ
л˵
ԨüŲµõҪ˵ʲô˳˼קߵ˷¡
СܶǼСģֵĶñϣȻûʪյ
ָֽ򴽡
ҡ㡭㻹𣿡
֮е⡣
Ԩ룬Ҫôش
ۣС϶Ҫˣ˵ۡ

ãϰˡԨ赭д˵
ֵõ΢΢һ㶡
ϰʲô˼
Ԩ֮ǰ˵ֻǵʱһֻСꡣôԨιµǿ÷Чġ
ǼʱʲôҲ۹ڴ֮ˡҲֻǶ̶һʱ䡣һʱϰ˺ѷεʹ
ֱ̧Ԩ
ʲôϰߣʲôʱʼ۵ģ죿
飬Щ٣һֲҺҧ´סŵĵȴԨĴ𰸡
Ԩһû˵
ƭЩ´δΪûбҪǵҪһ𰸵ʱȻԸ
Ԩһ£Ц
ĵһ档
£뿪༫ʱ򡣡
ǸʱҲҵ塣
۾һգգ
ԨҲЩܣ̧ס۾
ˡꡣ
˵Щˡδ뵽𰸡
Ϊ
Ϊ֮ǰδйΪֻǰֻ˵
ط֮ĳһʱ
δ뵽ȻǴһʼֻ˵طʱһθܵ˺ǧһۡ
֮ǰδΪ㡣ԨεЦΪҵ塣
ժ֣һ˫ȻǺͨͨëˮʪˡ
뵽ˣҪôôã˵ģ
ֲ֪Լ˵ʲô˵Ĳ˵˵ǡ
ԨȴĿԣ˵
װһ̣Ѿø׼ˡ
л˵
~~~


189 
ǰ, ִӳ˯ѹʱ¶棬, ֻ֪˯֮شһѪꡣ
ЦܺÿÿԺʱ򣬾Ͷ֡
֮İ, ʼߡһʼֻһˣؿʼĳ༫༫ﳣЩ¡
һ˿ʼʱ᲻ܵЩصӰ, ʼһЩ΢Сǲ, ΢СҲʱ, ԽԽѹ֡
һ˵޷ôѹʱ, ѡӿ뿪ܵĵط, ˵ıܡھ˼ʮջ۵ѹֺ󣬺Ȼˣһ뿪
Ȼа֮, Ӵ̫پ̫, ֪ԼΪζ, Ϊֻῴע, ҪһҲ֪Ϊʲôᾭ˳༫һЩһѡ뿪
û˽顣
ֱϹ֪ʲô鰮ֱصǰף壬ԭԼǰԨġ
ǰ
Ԩ֮ϵĸ, ¶ˣĿİ֮˰ꡣ
ԭġ
̧Լؿ, ĺÿ, ԴЩκ, ӿնʼ̡
Ԩ߶Щ㱡
ǰ壬ۿԨĳҲԨ֮ǰһЩѡ
δ뵽Ԩôһ𰸡
ڰͬʱ֮֡
˵עһ֮·ԨѾ̹Ȼܣҵſ˫ӭ𰸡
ȦЩ΢졣
֪˵ʲôǺãҧ´۰ͰͶԨ
ҪԨۡ
Ǹ䡭
֮ǰ˵һ仰ֻܾoϡ
ֺô˵
ԨЩ⣬
ԡ
ʮոһվΣĥʱԼȴôҲ޷ʱһ׸һ̾˵
Ҫǲܵġֻoϴˡ
ȻԨβ֪oϴôע⵽һСС֮зء
λ׵ĻʵʾڸԼͱҵˡҪȥŲܵ顣
Ȼȴȵľꡣ
ֻǿֱֳֵļ󣬺ûзӦ˭
֪oѾꡣ
Ͼ֪ԼڵԨ֮۷ָһ꣬Ԩ֮лһꡣ꣬޵޼˳
ֻ֮ġ
Сǰ˵oϡ
Ȼ֪Ϊ˶˵ˣʵֻһƻд棬޳һֻСС׺¶
ҧŴЩܡ
Ԩ⿪䡣Ѿû
ԨδӦԺһ䡣
޷ԾҡϾҵo
⻰Ǽ⡣
ԨǾ͸֪ڲƭġ
ŮƿߣСԴðһԺ
Ԩ̫ûĺ䣬̲ס̧֡Ҫֵĺʱֶ˶١
һ£
ֺٱԨôʣĺ˶
Ŷ
ɰͰ͵Ļش
ô֣µ֪ΪȴЩΪ顣
ǾܾԨδ뷨
Ԩָ
Щ˶⡣
ģģë׵ģָмѡ
ǱȺģȻشŽëҧŴŮ
Ԩһͷ
δ֣ܵһˣŴˡ
ˡ
˵С羣·ϻһЩѪΧһ˵ΧտЩԵˡ˿˷ܵպÿպԨվڷ¡еĳǻ˻֡
㣬λˣѹˡ
ԣС羶ֺ׽ǶԨٻЩη壬ҿ
ֻ֪˸ոʲô֪Щ˯еİˣҲܸˡժ˶ñŷܽš
Ԩ̾ջָ⡣
Ȼһȥ
ﱻץİ٣ҲСʮ꣬Ҳʮ
Ϊ̣˵ĸ޷ذĳֻĸáҪͷӡļࡣ׾һõġҰóڿɲǼ򵥾ģȫĸıӺ͸Ϣܰȶɹǰꡣ
һУࡣ˵ϡ٣Ҳ޷Ϊȥ䡣
Щ귲˺֮Ĺϵ㲻ûͣİãҲˡû׵ġ
ǹֶͨȥռץĿҲȫȻ֪ǾƲʲô¡û뵽ߺħйصαףҲϰ
ַһޡ
벻ʲôܶ񶾵ȥð
࣬ѪΪеĲϡ֮Щ˸ûѰһֵص
ϲ硣
Щð񣬲ŻᵼŮɢһ·˪ѵѰԼŮ
Ŷʱִ˴ȻյªɵС΢һһĸɲݣһЩƾɵİ£һһ黹ɾĲһ̣ʹһ򵥵Ĵ̡ͨ
ӼӾȻʮŮšǵ״ڻ֮СС羺ͶҲˮ˲ǵպ֣Ĳδ˿š仹ǱѾһЩȺİȡ
ɾҪˡ׾࣬Ļɾװ׾ģϸһмƣͺҲмơ
˵ĸһЩ
˯ſڵλãֵһ۾ܿ˵ݣº࿴ôۡȻô۾ýŲԨЩ΢ۡ
ڴ齵겻󣬲ɾ¶ƯһҵãõȷǱǸ˰ٸ۵Ҫ˳һЩ
˳ۣڷֶʱͱ˸ⲻ˳ۣҪ˳ۡ
ű۾֣ʲôʱܷԼ
ֻôͷϤ࿴һͷԼĺ쬵ģɻ΢΢ͷͿԨôѺõߣһĵȻһ顣䲻֪ԴںΣĴھֱͦ˱
һ˫ʪĴ۾ôգգͶԨ˵
Ԩ°͡
ˡ
ʶĵͷȥһδѣŷӦԨ˵˲ôһ˲оԼ˴
ûס̧ԼıǼ⣬ɿգ۶ǲҿԨ
֣ʲôûΪʲôԨǸַ˴У
İĸо
ֲָоֻطԼܶһЩԨ֪ˡ
ԨĿС޷Ŵǵһ˿Ц⣬
Сˣ֪û뵽ֻôһϲǱ֮ǰ˵Ҫܶˡ
ֻعͷתŴͨߵࡣ
Ƕһ겻Сʵǽϡ
Ȼ֮ǰЩǶʦָĵҩǵ׶ʱ䳤ʧѪࡣСŮ屻һգ˿ޱȡ԰һѪɫޡǽҲܸо
ڷֳʱҪòسȴô򵥵һֻ۰Ͱ͵Ķ֣һ
ʧˣλ𣿡
Ů겻Ҳûнʳˮɬ˻ƣ˵ô򵥵һ仰Ľ
ֶŮ
ոտʱܿ˵ӰӣòȻʱǰŮȴҲһĪϤС
˭أ
ͷ˼ڤ˺һᡣ˻شŮ⡣ŮǲΪ⣬Ȼǵͷ΢΢ǷǷ
СŮӰлλľ֮
Ԩֻ룬һָ˴ĺ󾱡
ܡ
ˡ
һ㶡
ף
ðŷӦŰĴ
˫۾ȷܿԶоģǵòҪһ㣬ûôģü֮Ӣ
ôҲû롣ûǹô˳顣
ôôְĴŮһء
û뵽δ֣ԨѣôôԶо

׹иҪ㡣
ֱֵ룺㸸׿ȣпɻнã
ֻô򵥵仰ޱȵصͷʹʱ̧ŴԼ̫󣬳˻еͬ顣
ǣҸȣҴĸաлá
ŵͷứжεض֡
ˣʶҰ𣿡
˺һ
û뵽ǡ
ô˳ְѴŮҲҵˡ
ҡ㸸ʶԶоһؼˡ
ֿǰİ뵽һžۣɵЦЦ
ãҲҵ㡣
ûסҧŴĬĬ˺þá
˴ʮֿУ԰ֱӴӴͳڲܿˣѯ
ܿˣȻԨ
Ǵ󷽷˳ָԼСһ档
ֱø˰
׻һȦǺͮͮģǽأɺǸ˵ģϲģʹ޵ĺһƬҲڸǲס˷ϲá
ô䵽޶ȴĮ
Щ档
ȼҵĵλôҲܿ޶ȴĮʿô£
ֲ̧˲ᣬƬ̣Ц
ΪǸɡ
ȼҳ£ĸѣףΪеĳŮȴѺʿ
ȻǰδУʵֻһͨŮ˽ѣޱ֮ʵޡΨһͷڸ׻֮ǰҪǡΪֻһСǧףѺʿ֮һҪչ˺Լǡ
ʿΪǻᱻȥΪūΪ澣ֻ߻Σû뵽ʿȥһСš
ŲҲ٣Գ˿ʿ˵Щʲôƺû̸£ʿק뿪
Ǽ뿪һ·ߣʿҪȥһûСżˣʱ̸סʿͰѺСУû죬ͻλǱԡ֮һֻӴߡ
֪Ϊʿİס
Ըһˣ֮һСΪ˽޷˵ɵһƵԸĺȻʶ˶ģ߶ʿ˼Сűȡ
ҲǸѰСӣõϢȻȥ֪ţŲžͲ˵ġ
ʿ֪ˣϺݺݳһ٣Ƥ֮˵һκԼ֪ǹУʲô֪
һ򳤴ĺӣײᣬĸײ˵֪ǹʲôô֪ǹǺģء
Ǻ֪ܿˡ
ʿץһһòɰС꣬ʿӷϣǰ±ţ޷롣ܿͱõϢĹʿзֶ飬ͳװϻУȥ
ŵһֻܶµѪ޶޷ᡣ
֪֮ǹĴڣҲ֪˶ڰ˵ǹжֲ
Ȼ֪ǹΪʲôҪɱ¾ǲǹС
ʿǿòƭˣǲҲûˡ
ʿһʴǹ⿪Ҫߵ
͵޶ȴĮ֮С
Ǹ϶ҴɳĮһӵң䵽ݺݴ˸˵ҲҲԲĺܺá
֮Ҳ֪ұѪصӡ
αҪõûǹô㡣
ǹʵ鲼ҪõԼɳĮ֮еαףֻħ塣
ħҲ©˺ۼֻǴһЩûм˵ģģʲôеİ
ʮ֮УֻǱġ
Ĵ󲿷ֶǱġ
֪ҪʲôҲ֪˭ֻ֪ԼһķУһȳ֭Һ˺ܾú󣬾ͱһֻס˼
ϵ˿ȫǱҶӸģССʤһ˿ڲѪˣͻһ
Լ˶ãѪ˶ãֻ֪ԼΪԼҪˣȴʼһԼ˿ڲѪԼѪѪе
ǿҪĥˡ
жǾ۵ġ
ǣܵĿ̫ˡ
λ㣬ʶҵǣǲƽ£ص𣿡
˵ԼȲԼļˡ
ԥ£СС˸ѡ
ǶƽڰǰѾصǸߣֻǻǣ㣬һֱ㡣
ƽͺãƽͺá˿۾ﻹỨɵи¶һЦ⡣
Цʱ򣬺Զо
ҲɵӽȡСˮ⸬ҩڻˮУȳŲ
˼һ¡
ǹҪʲôħαŪΪʲô
˵˺ܶ࣬Ҳָ˵˲˺оԶʱǸ˵أ⸬еҩˮ𲽻ָָ룬ܿ˯ˡ
ִӽȡС齺ͽС˯£Ԩ뿪𷿣š
գۣ̲ס̧ҧָ
Ԩ˳ֽժ¡
֡
Ŷ
ԥ£Ԩ
ǹħ壬ǲЩʲôϵ
Ԩ뵽һЩ顣
뵽ǰǸħǧʲô˼
ǰҪ÷ӣΪλҪȥһö÷ӣ
˵
ħǧ֪oδأ
ǹ⡭
Ϊʲô
޷ܿǾ֪𰸡
Ԩ룬֣ȥǹһ𣿡
һ㶡
ꡭ
ˡԨѸ˵õңڻصǰʱҵʱҵѾˡ
ֶʱ˸
ʲôʲôң
˵ɵýˡ
Ԩۡ
Ŷңһ§§ң˵
δ䣬ֱס졣
Ҫðˡ
ҧҧгݵ˵𣿣ʲôģô˵ľʲôһ
Ԩժֵа档
ûƽ׵˵ЩԴס
ֶ˺һ
˵ǳģʱƤˣ˵죬ʾȴСϹ
СϹˡ
ţ°ԨĴס
ʲô㣬ˡ
һ̣һǱΪֱԨУ˫Ŷأȹ°ǵ
ͷ͵ſԨУ̲ס룬ʵЩʱСͦõġƤẦߡ
Ҫȥǹ𣿡
૵ֻǸոձǵôЩˡ
Ԩͷһ
ʦȥħ壬ܻЩջʱʯѹƣ¡ʦּȻҪڴ˴ˣǾ˳տһȥҡǹ⡣
м˶٣û룬ͦõġ
ãȥɡˡ
ְۿԨд˸ǷôãҸоɳĮʱúҶֶĸоˡҲˣؼҡðŮǶžˡ
ԨŻеŮĬ˺һͷСʡ
ء
ˣգգۣС˵ʦš
Ԩ˵ʲôˣʵ֮ǰѾ֪˴𰸣ֺα֪ءֵУʦΪҪ
Ȼ󡭡ִ̧˴Ԩĺᣬʱŵ򴽣ͷСʣ༫޺𣿡
л˵
~


190 
޶ȴĮʱ, ִδѰʦĵ·ϣȻôŹֵ顣ԤϵĻףԨ֮Ĺϵ
֮ϲԨõҲǵóԸ, ˳ҵĴŮԤڳõ
ʱ˻ȥʱֻ಻١
ΪҪһߣϾΪѰԸɳĮΣ֮ءȴɳĮԵ֮, ʮѵĺ
ѰΪҵˣҪȷƽƽм˵ȺҾͰĶˡʱ䣬һѰˣ
һַ, пտѰҡҴȥ档
Զĵ, Ҳ, ֣µлϾһµദ, Ϊվ, ʮΨһһֿˡ
ǰ˶һС
˲˼ȥҲ֪ʲôֻ뿪ıŽǶЦɵǺǵġ
ȵʱ, İɡ
ʱжҼ, һ·۵糸, Ҵҵ, ֵȥʱ򣬴ҵĲԼͬһЩ˭Ҳϵĸ·
޶ȴĮɳĮɴ˴Ǹи, ʱǶˣȥʱ¶ʼ뵱˴ʲôԺĵط
ʱ·, ȥʱһ¡Ҳһµʱ, ΢оЩ
ص, Ҫʦ£ֱʦšһЩĲ̫Һһǰʦšָĸ׺öھ֮Уߡ
ɽ̾߸ߵƷɽţ뿪ʦŵʱ䲢ɳĮֶ֮ĸоصʦŵǻˡ
Ƚ֮£Ԩһˣǰ棬ͷʦڼҸǿ׼ӷ磿
⻰ިˣһЦ
⻰˵ˣʦǻؼҡӷϴǿ˵ģԼʦŵ˻ȥˣܻһ˱Ӿ㲻ˡȻǵҪҲǲܸ׼Ͼǹ͡
⻰ȴԨǾˡ
Ԩסʮ̹Ȼ˵ʦԲӣ䲻ˣепˣ׼ĻҪġ
ިûĵëԶԡ
죬Ҳֻ˵һ䣺ĸʦ㣿ˣɷˡ
ûסԼСʦһۡҵĶʲôˣƤ֮ţʦ˻ñ۸飿
һͷһʦŮ͸иʦŮӣָСܸñֵǫһɡ
ި뵽ֳĬˣ̲ס룬༫ˡǫĻǾʦһȺˣ¶Ҫŵúëɣ
ȥԼСʦһۡ
еˣùܵס
һ໹ڿǻؼҳʲôԨʹʦĶԻƽױԼҴʦۣ޹֮࣬ûסͷЦЦ˵ҲͷһԨިʦ㣬ͦȤġ
˺İ󿴿ŵǣҿԨЩͷˮ
λݣҲˡ
׵ἰһˣ༫ˡ
ިһֱλֿµĴˣֻǳ༫ˡ
༫Щʦʲôϵѵʦͬţ
ǳãˡ
㣬ԨҲǾ𣿳༫;һ𣿡
קקܺͰ׵ģеİСʡ
Ūûëֱӡ
ŵҲûôС²ۡ
󵽵Ҳ˵ʲôȽиһתٺһЦ˼ظһ¡
СϵĹ޳ȥɾǼҵŮɡ
ͷ
ȽиָָԨԨ˵ö֮˵СʦõķɣҲǾŵŮ
֪ʲôŮ𣿼ĻĴ
û㡣
ɰܺ׽ֽ㣬λЩ˺µĸһԶ
༫ˣŵӵŮ
һ㣬˵༫;һҡҲûɣ
λ༫һģк߿㣬Ҳûë
׵İ֮µһܿܳ༫ǾŮˡ
ĶԻҧŴûסЦ
Ů
ʲô˼ˣ̧Ԩ
˼Ķһۡ
һζһǲǵôױ
۶Ԩ˵ļױʲô˼Ǳ߶ǰһ̻ޱȵިһѾЦк
ô˼ͼױ
ǲ´ʮ̧
ʦٿˡȽи̲סó༫׸ʮ̧ױʲôӣⲻϼ̧
۵Ȼ죬ÿռ鶼̲ס˻⡣
ճ༫ݵλ̧ױҲ޷ҪǱ͡ױʮǱģмǧıͰɣܽʦŵģܵһ֮ݰɡҿһʦ壬ʦҪһˣõʱɲ±͡
Ŀɿڴ
ⶼ˵ЩʲôѽôĪľĬԨҪ׸
ûȤ̧֮ʱȴԨƺ˽ȥʮʲô
ע⵽ֵĿ⣬Ԩͷ
̧ױ޷ֻǱͣҪģ
˴סˡ
ôԼʼˣ
ʵ˵ȹͷܽʦš
ź뿪ǰûʲôͬͥԺж˺ܶɹĲҩ·ޱɹ̫Ρ
ĺһҲûб˷ѣ겻ŮմӺӱϴѣһбһСľ˵˵ЦЦģСӵ·߻
ֽ㣡
ȿֵԶʱԶһأЩ۾أʮָˣЩеСľ裬̧һ֡
ֵû뵽ԶҲڡ֮ǰ˵ԶСһ·Ǹ¶ȼü֮ԶڳУгкְȫ
û뵽Զ˿Ҳ˾š
ãһҸŮˡ
Զȿ֣ȿԶģȴ
ԶԶĿСľŮһϤУҪϸʶ֪á
һѣѾнʱ䡣۵СãѾŮģ
ֻ꣬ǵĳɳҲ֪ڷֱ־ʲô
ֻٴοǣ϶Цݣ彡ȫȻĻϲ
Сãã
ʵẰǱԶоһʹֱ꣬ǵһʱԼҳ
ǲδ뵽ŵĸǻʱԼҴҲˡ
ľ裬ͷʹޡ
ֺȽиԾЩϴմ˻ҳʪѣŻľ˭ûȥŽžۣһƹãȥһˡ
ʦŹأĵһ¾ȥʦ
ָʦʦǵȴԨಽ
ȫȻԼɾˣ˿ġ
֮Уĩ̾ĶһȲİ£̬λһ裬ģز˲ĭӡ
ˣпɻ˳
˽ŲͷҲ̧أƵʡ
ިʦʦǷ
ʦк˳ʦðȻʦ׷ȥħѰˣʦɳĮδ֮£ҵȻˡ
һ߾Сˣ
ʦͽˣվʦʦʦ֣ʦʦõˡ
ţǵӦõģΪʦҲ㣬ʲôվ㶼׻ġ
ЦЦ
˵ʦŵ£ֵ˰ɡ
ĩ̧̾ƤԨ
һ¾ͲѾ˰ɡ
Ԩ󷽷˹֣ʦȷˡ
ĩ̾һûȣֱӿԼϣ̵죺ۡ
ַӦر죬һŷȥһɽȪˮ̹ǣֱӰʦȫʪˡ
ʦûŰɣ
ֵǵʡ
ĩ̾嶶˰죬󳤳̾˿
СͽΪʦճ꣬ǽղᵽΪȽӣ찡
գۣǼ⡣
ʦˣʶˮˮǺ˱ˮˮ֮ĵ²ˡ
ĩ̾ɵ᣺⻹û޳ȥأͲΪʦˣСͽΪʦ࡭
δ䣬ިʦˣո·ϵѾ˵ˣ׸ױ׼ˡ
ɲǣ˵ˣױ̧ܷ񣡡
Ƚи겹һ䡣
⻰ĩ̾üЦһɨոյģЦϲ̵أ̧һӣϵˮȫɡ
ӴˣȻҾźСȱɽȪ龳ȶɾرġҲûƷѵĵ
ͿԨŴһЦ˹֡
ʦģµļױ⡣
ĩ̾סԨ֣ƺһΰɡ
Ԩ֪⣬ֺһʦ
ĩ̾üЦеشӦ
ʮزһ䣺Ůԣ
ֳĬãգһպг
͡ˣ
л˵


191 
ŵ, úϢա죬Ϊˡ
ֵ֮ǰδ, Ѿƴá
Ǹʵϵˣ˺ú󲻺˼԰׷, ҿʼھЩֹæ԰դ˼ͣ˳ֿ, ֿһЩ¡
ǾŵӴ󲿷, һɶҲܵĩ̾, ｽֲ, С¨ȥ, ڼеһＸܡ
ģ˳ָļɨ˳ȱٵһЩ, 򡣸ϴ·, ļѼ, ׼ˡ
Ů˺, ֣ЩǵӦ֡
Ůصߣõ˼, һֱЦǺǵġ
ֻصʦϢһ죬ͷʦ֮Ȼûиı, Ǻܶϸڴı䡣
һǰ㿴ʱ, ֹ, ׼лƹƬ֪˭ըһлԱһƺ֤˭ҪʲôԵĶӡ
֮ĸı䣬ȫ֮ǰʦֵġϸһ֪ݸı˭ġ
峿ʱչ⻹ۣúúϢġϾһɳĮ֮ˡִӳżȻ·䳡ȴԼҴʦѾСʦִ˼أ䳡ľ׮Ѿķѡ
ﱧڿأһƳСʦ޿ı飬Ƚиƺˣһ̧־Ҫк
ʶؾ׼ӦСʦأȴ˴˲ʧԭء
ȴСʦýຣȽи꣺أ
ި˸УЦһָۼŮקˡ
ȽиΣֻøԼҴġ
͵ɡСѾƣĺϢƬ̡
ȻϵĴʦ֣˻Ρ
ʮʯ̸
ʮʯȽиɫ䣬̾ضި붼룬Ըٱһ٣
ܾǾʵ޻ŷˡ
ҪǮûУҪһ
ԼСʦڱʦȴȫȻȥУϾԨǣһת֮䣬ε˺ɽµС
˴ֲԴ⣬һ΢ɢɢ͸¶⣬һģϣһˮ
ʲô𣿡ֺȻקİӻûأԺԨ
Ԩóһųɫʯݸ
ǹڤ顣Ԩ򵥽˾䣬ϤһϢ
ֽӹڤ顣
Ǻɫֱһ֮Ī궯УвᱻŴоߵӶǰ۵ġ
üԨ̽ڤȡ
ڤ뿪ֵ֣ոİӦܿʧ
գۣҲ˲ϳˣǿڤ鿴
ǹƿͶߵôܹĶ⡣ʹͶϣڴӰº׻䡣
ԨڤװһֻܷĽУֽ͡
ǰЩʱ˸ǰȥһ̽òײű֤Իû˴
ԥ¡
ֶǹߵģ˼ǡҪȥǹ⣿
Ҳǡ
Ԩû̽յͼֻ֪ʲôĴڡ
ֻǸ㡣ϳдˣǹѲ˸ϵ
ǻϺܶˡСΪϡ
ˡ
֮֮ǰŵ⻹ڣħҲãǹҲãδ˿Ѱڤ飬ͻ֪˵ݣһзʽ
ڰѿǹϢǹ˳ڲݸСŶ֡
һ㶡
ںδ֪СƺǸСţֻܲʮ˵Сţôᱻǹ⶯֣
ֻԥ£־Ͳ²һЩԵɡ
Ǳа
ûԨףСŵŮһӣʮ壬һֱصúܺã֪ӰݣҲ鷳
ǹ֪¿϶磬һֱδСŶ־ǲִȻСŶ֣Ϊһ߻ȥһţֻһۣҪҲȱǹѾûԵֶˣֻܿӲ
Ԩأüͷֵ̧Ŵüչ
ô죿ҲҪôܱǣ
򵥵İ취ǹⲻڡԨ赭д˵ҳ༫ǹδûءȻѾˣǽ䳹׻ȥϲߡ
ˡ
ʵȷϲߡ
ֻǴµôӳ顣Ƕǹ˽⵽׻Щ٣ҪϢ
Ŀǰ˶֪ǹ˭ʲôʲô
ΨһһģǾǹ԰ִš
ⷽ¡
һֻСֽ״С֣洫ĩ̾
СͽЩΪʦм˸㡣
Сֽס
ʦҡ
ԨȻֻصǰԺ
ĩ̾˿ûڱ𴦣ڻԱߡ
̫öܺã滹гβ񶼾ӡ
ʶҡ
ԭŰ÷Ӻ龧Ҳڴ˴˿Ѿûˡ
ֻһʦڻԣüңһüչ̾˿
Сͽ
ֻعȹҲʦѧ˻ԡ
ǼܸˣƴŻ
ֲɵôһ䣬¶Ц⡣
㻹ǲǵ֮ǰֻЩ
һ㶡ˡǺþ֮ǰ¶ˡʱǵԼܼΪҪһֻˡû뵽ʼղü
Ǻˣ

Ҳڡ
ĩ̾Ǽ⣬ɿһ
ģֻأΪʦһЩȻ˵һЩֵֹĻ˵Բ³張ǽ㡣
һã
ʲôԲ³弣ʲôǽ
֪
֪ĩ֪̾ˡ
ôֱ֪׳˵ѵǺԼĵ𣿡
С˵ʦͽûĵ̡
Ҷϣ֪
ףԣ֮ǰ˵ǲˡ
طܲɣҪ֪༫ΪͿɽ飬Ǵ󶯸ɸˡ
мԥ
̫ˡȷһͬ壬ĺûмƻΪһİͬһ仰ǧǰһȫȻİĵط绹Ǳĵط
Ҫܾĩ̾Ͱͣ˰ͳһҪ˵Ļ
ͳβͬȴһ
ֻȻΪԼ٣Ө͸ĺŷɡ
ڵľʯ£һȦС귭ŶƤɹ̫
ֻ˻عֻһ
ǡ
١
ֽӹȷֻǼӦǴкĵطһλһĴڡ
ǸҪ˵仨ȥԲ³弸Ǯ
ĩ̾ͦ档
ǺǮʲô

ʶ뵽ˡ塣
ҧ
ֻ嵽ʲôˣ
ͺ֪ҪʲôһһһĲӡ
˵ʵġϵˡ
ǸҶġ
ּ򵥽һ䡣
ʦû˵ʲôʱ
ĩ̾ӦˣȻĸп
˵ֱ
Ȼ
֪ˡȻˣҾȥ
ִ
ҺҪĶ
塣
Ļ塣
Ļȫ˵ĻõϢǲǾԨ⿪ˣ
ǵطҪ̫ԶˣСΪʦ۸ĩ̾ͽܣֻȻ˵һ֪ЩʲôôҲûԼͽܵİȫҪ
Ц˵ʦģҲǡô۸ġ
ο
ֻڲԶԸʦͽ˵ĻԨŷڴǷ
ǵϣǵȻº͵ģ
ʱʱ̿˺֮ۡ
ĩ̾ЦЦʦء
ԶԨƺĿͶ֡
˲δ˵ʲôȴӭķ򣬰غ
ĩ̾Ȼˡ
ȻˣΪʦͲˡĩ̾˵Ϊʦֻףһ·˳硣
ʦģͽԵע⡣תҪʱ˶٣عͷЩã
ʦ
յʣԲ³ѽ
ĩ̾ң
ԶԨƺʦͽ˹
պһ䡣
Բ³弣ۣþ
̧Ԩ֪
Ԩ΢΢ףŹԲ֮ҹ̿ǧþ˴ǧլʳ֮ΪԲ³弾
Ӵǳ༫ǼŮࡣĩ̾״ϲ̵°֪ͣΪʦͷĶˣСͽҵҰɡ
ԼʦתСһǷȥҾƳˡ
죬̧ͷ
Բ³弣ôҵ
ܼ򵥡
Ԩ̧ա
˿̲ʱ峺ơ
һԲ֮ҹ
塭᲻
л˵


192 
ҪһԲ֮ҹ, ʵһżͻôԲ֮ҹֻƽﲻôע⣬δжѣȵһҪȴһԲ֮ҹʱ, ͻöꡣÿһ춼Բ£ȵĽ
Ҳ֪ԼĽһЩʲôǸ֪꣬˵ǲеĻ塣Ҳ֪ƻж⡣ΪǴΨһܼͬ, ֶٻЩڴġ
λüѣҹɽ¹⹴ճСϪҡɢһƬǹ⣬ǵ߲, , ɽµҹɫô, Щ¼š
ҹ˯, ƺֻ˯˲һʱˡ
ɢŷƴ, ÿһ²ƲС
ƺԲģҲܲǡ
ֻ˯ˣйҼԲ£һŶ
ҹеľŻǰ
Ҷ˯, ŷС·, ܿԺаɹѡδ, ֻҹҪ
ֿ, ߵԱֿʼȡѣҲֲ˭˭ģȫһ𡣴Աȡһ, ȫ£С
ѶˣϷӵʱ, ȴоԼһƬӰ֮С
ԺѾɸɾ, ûʲôڵġ
⵲Ӱ, ԲĵӰ

㵵΢΢ۡ
ԼŵСԺУǰȴһƬĺϼųľţһһڵһ𣬺沨ԣľҡҡλΡ
ľŵ࣬Ҷɻ
̧ۡ
ܲΰɣѵողδ˯ѣֻξ֮У
Щɻ󣬵ǵȽȽյյͬʱϳһŸƵķݡ
˿֮Ӻҡҡλδ
ܿ죬ǰһγһˮСǡ
һз·𶼽ˮ֮ϡĿɼһжҡҡλεġ
ĺ֮Уһз·ξ㲻˼顣
һ˲Ļ
Ѿܾûмĺˡ˵һμڳ༫¡
ʯÿ¹붼µƷգһĻ˺ܶꡣ
˿̺Ȼĺƣɵ뵽ʯ
Ѿ겻˰ɡ˵ʮ겻ˡ
ʯڳ༫еĹϵˡδúøҴȥʱҲûʯҲ֪ʱټ
Ԩص༫ʱܺ·ǧյˡ
ֻعǸ߸ߵĸ¥ϣٴԶԶĳҡ֡
ֺ֪˭ˡ
Բ֮ҹ
Ǻλͬİɡ
ڴ˼䲢δκζ⣬Դ󷽷ںϵĳľţһһεߵ˽ͷ
˵ǽͷʵϳ˽µǺˮӿ˴ȴŲٵ̨ͤ¥ܿ˵ġ
޼ļˣȫߣòΡЩִʱоϻ˵Ϣ
Щ߹ֻͷʱ򣬷ЩߵӰѾʧںС
ס
һλعͷʱ򣬷ڲԶĵ·һƬľͷͬӰһһ߹
Ӱӡ
ֿˣЩҲǻˣֻһӰӡ
Ŀռ˻ֻһһ
̧
ڲԶС¥ϣһһһӣҡΡ̧Цӡ
ͣ
ˣֻ塣
һ۾Ϳһ塣
۾һϢ˵жƯһ̧˲䣬־ܿǺ塣
һȦҵС¥¥ݣȹ¥¥˴һ˼ľƹݣΣƺͬǴ˴յġȥҲֻǸ塣
Ǹ꿿Ŵȴڼֺһơһ˿죬Ŷ룬Ц
ֻ֪֣ȴ֪γƺ깪˸Լʮֵǰȴź˵ЦЦҲֹСͿɽ㣬Ϳɽһ壬
һ㶡
ǰ꿴˺һ
Ϳɽ㡣Ϳɽ
ǵڳ༫ԨİƤġ˭
ͿɽѾˡ
ֲ֪ĵϸ̽һ䡣
Ϳɽ㵹ǹأóλŸ
С֪˵ʲô˵Ϳɽ˳༫ս°ɡû¶Ҳ֪
ž͸ˡ
˵֪ͿɽϢΪλԳͿɽأ
ֲɵ뵽ǸƤꡣ
ʱһźƤͿԶ϶źƤֻһѰƤ̸ϿoϵͿɽ塣
Ϳɽ¾ô£
ʵ
Ϳɽ׼һЩʳֻǿֲԣЦЦҡ赭д˵
Ϊ˱ȫһˡ
֪ģҺԴӡ󣬵衣
Ŷ֪ͿɽϲòԱȻǹЩСͼȥҩ
õɴۡ
ͿɽЦأҺûˣҲڸôûԾͼٽɣһϢ
ȻͿɽݾͱ˶ȥЩô˵أǹɡ
ˡ
ĺҲΣڱǹĳ룬Ϳɽ㿴ͿɽݣЩҪʲô
Щ⣬Ҳ⡣
Ͼڳ༫ͿɽͷβЩ΢
һ𣿡һ£ǸΪǺɫΪα˿ǰɫ
ûкɫһǿźɫʱͺ֣ԨȴǰɫΪԼ⣬˵
Ϊһֲܸ֪˵顣
ɫͿɽЦСӶһ£Ѿ׹ħ˵ĺħĺΪɫǱǿġֻ壬oϲܿԼ˵ıѣѾȾ˵ġ
һ㶡
⻰ʲô˼
û𣿡ͿɽΣܿɫģֻoϴˡ
ûܿʲôɫҲ֪ǷѾ׹ħ
ֺˣֺû
˼Ҳ˵ĺɫǺɫȻֻܿü˶ǿġܿɫģֻС
oϡ
oϣ
Ϳɽ㲻Ц˶ֱ壬ɫ࣬Ҳһ࣬˫ֽڶͷһߵס
ͿɽϺ㣬oϴˡ
ӲȾ˵һƬƱϺ¶˴˵Ļ¡
񣬵Ϳɽ㣬˴˵Ļ壬ȻĽˡ
Ϳɽи߾һϻľСУ̧ͷ˫⡣
Ϳɽϣӭ˹λ
л˵



193 
ͿɽϺ㡣
oˡ
ϼ˶Ѫ
۾һգգߵͿɽ㡣
ôһ˲, ΪԼˡҲͿɽϴˡ
ֻ˵һƭ
Ϳɽʱ֪һλϵĺ, ޷ƭͬǰоֹȫȻǷݵġ
˵ʲô
ˡ
o˽֪һ
ˡ
ȵȡ
ֺһ΢顣
ǰףʱ, ԨǷΪoʱ˵
oϡˡ
ֻ֪oΪϣȴ֪oϵ
֮
һΪԼֻſڼ䲻֪ΪļУoϵ͸ˡ
һСС, ΢, ڵʱһ仰
Ϳɽ˵Ļʱ, Ȼ뵽һ, oǰ, ֪oϵΪ֪
oˡ
ֻ
ͿɽԵ˼oϡ
⡭ôأ
뷴, Ц, ʲôû, û˵, ĬضͿɽ㡣
룬Լ˭
Լ˭أڰǰһƬҶѵʱձƲ, Ҷϵ״Ҳˮϵ, лѪԨ
Ԩһ, һ, ֡
֮ǰأ
˭
ֻ֮ʹϢף壬µһ꣬ӻԨԨ֮µĻ塣
ЩƬ
Ӧ˭
ۣǰϹˮ£ЦĹҡ
һµŮ˭ΪλǸбλŮӣ
֮ǰ
˭
ֲǣûвԼϵһЩ΢ǲδȥǹԡ˽֪ǰ
ִδԼǰλoϡ
ǵĻΪȫޣɢ
ǵĻָ˭أ
ֻۡ
ؿͿɽ㣬깧ߵȫλ߶λߵĳ羴ء
ͿɽĽԲݲߵ˴
Ϳɽϣֿһǿ
ʵ⡣
Ϊˣһʱȥܡ
һ̾
Ҹ˵Ļ
˴δȫλܻδ֮ǰļ䣬˵ĻҲǴӦûԼֱ˲ԼݣҲҡ
Ϳɽֱ̹Ȼ˵ȻѾԼжϡֻ˵֪ġ
ǰ֮ǰٹͿɽ峤ҲǼҸǰ¡һҲֻ֪֪ڴ֮󣬼Ҹðżǰ֮ءͿɽϲ磬
Ҹȥ֮ǰŸңͿɽһܣһй˴˵ܡǾ˴˶ͿɽϼΣԼһ꽻Ϳɽϱ󣬽λһ̡
Ϳɽ񾼾˵СӱΪһ̻ڸңԶԺû뵽ҵϡ
ۿ˴˹λͿɽΡ
ŴĬƬ̡
ڱΪ˴˵ʱԴԼһģ֪
˵oϣoˡں˵ˡΪ˴ˡ
ôƺΪ˴˵ģֻͬСǡ
֪ܲͿɽ˵ȲЦ顣
ʵҪӭ˹λ
֪˻ң
ԼȻѾһЩжϣδͿɽһҲܺ棬Ϳɽ㾿ʲôжνoϡ
ͿɽЦ
βʶԼ񡣡
ֻȻʦĳβ
Ǻ֮
Ҳ˵ͿɽЩʦĻжݡ
ַʣͿɽԾ䣺Ϊ֪ڴ˴Ϊ֮ǰ¶˺ۼĺȫƿ֮СΨ޷ƿصĴڡ
Լˡ
Ѿ֪ˣǲ£Ѿ֤ʵˡ
һҲҪʲô֤ʵ顣
ҵһƬںδ
ּǵ峤͸¶ϢԨ䣬ֻoϲܽ⿪
ģȱٻƵ
ǡ
ôǰǲѾ֪δܵľףһУǲǰһֱڿţ
ҲڸԼһ֣
һ̵ȫûļ䣬Ҳû֮ǰļ䣬Ļ˭
ȻˣƱҪԼȫû
ںĿڡ
Ϳɽ˵գָ̧ɴԼؿڣ԰ӲʳԼࡣ
ͫһ
ֹͿɽѾ֮бõһŻ彻ֵС
ЦŽԼǻʹӢòЩ
ǰȫģΨвĿڲȫģҲ˵õ˴˵ꡣȻҲ֪Ϳɽһ˴˵ꡣ
һͿɽֻܽŻȥȴ޷һʱ佫ָѪȾţѣɢ
ȥһָ̧ۣͿɽؿڡ
н¶һ̣ͿɽؿټѪϡ
Ϳɽһ̧Լؿڣһ
ʵ˺һȷ˿Ѿϣ̧ЦڽһĿʱҾΪˡã˴վ񡣡
ֶԼƿ
ôѪͳʲôҲ֪һ֣ͿɽǱġ
ʶΪͿɽ㣬ҲڸԼ˭
õ˻壬ûĵƬˡ
ڻֵ˲䣬ܸ֪ԼȲ
Ļơ
ڵȴŹλ
лʵ˵
˴һлͿɽһˡ
Ϳɽ˿ȻϣѪһһѪ񣺡Ϳɽһ壬Ⱥ˴˵Ĺλ
ԼĻ壬ĬƬ̡
֪Ļ壬м
Ϳɽһ㶡
Ǹ˴ˣͿɽһֻ˱һƣǷбģҲ֪
Ϳɽԥ£˵ʵ˴Ҫ֪ԼǷȫλֻҪ϶һ¡
Ƿ񡭡ٴξ١
ֻˡ
֮ǰԼĻʱ׽١Ҳһ׽л˿ʦߡԨһֱһʵ
һεĻ壬Ƿֻ׽أ
ֲ֪
ĳĬͿɽҲųĬ
Ƭ̺ЦЦ
˴ˣСǹ⣬ħ塣
̧
ȻҲ֪巢ʲôһ顣ħҲãǹҲãƺв֮ġ
˴ˣóЩ֮ˡ
ֻ֪ħв֮ģ˿ǽԼΪoϵĻͽ㣬̲ס˼ͽʲôֻ˵ͽܱԾΣô˲Ҫ÷ӡ
ħͽܣ»ý޷ľǹˡ
·һʼ޷һڡǶ԰֣÷ӣ˵Ժ׷ȫ޷ġ
Ҳֻмǹˣһ𰸰ɡ
Բ֮ҹ΢
һ纣¥ʧֻµĻ壬Ϳɽһöɫĺ顣
ʱټͿɽ㡣
ͷա
Ѿ쵽ʱ֡
ˡ
ϵĶ񱻷紵½ǣջߣ»ߡ
ߵ£ͿӰˣֱۿڴߣؿ
Ԩ
Щ㵡
תһ룬ĶҲС֪Ҳ
ֻڿҪô˵Ԩǰס֣΢΢ü
ҹ˺Щȥ˯һ̡𡣡
ͷ
֪ҹԲ֮ҹҲ֪Լո뿪ȥʲôˡܿԼеĻ壬ԨʲôҲûʡֻûдҹ磬ûĴ˿Ѿҹ˯á
ŴЦҲû˵ʲô
ʣΪЩ˵Ǵ˿̻岻ȫʱδ
һܡЩʱ㡣
СԨĶЦ˵
ԨЦüãҵš
õ˻壬ǰһֱ˼һ⣬һʵĺʱջػ
֮ǰǴ׽٣˿ǲȫ׼ʦ֮УҪ׽ٸô죿
һʵģǡĻᡣ
Ļˡ
һţһֻСŷʮ죬ҵ˾š
ֻںӱоˮֻһֻС౽иͣ
ʦſɽˮСȥһСĻпսʺ
ֻСȴ֮ǰĲ̫һƺһ
̵ëʮֹ⻬ƯǺɫͷϻڣԼԼ¶
ϸֻƬֻ̣ڿзȥҲŷÿֵߣԳ
ֶٻݾģֱֻ䵽ļϣһ³
ŵ𣿾Ҫ̡
һ㶡
ʪֽСӼͷ
С־˵Ҿǡ˵Ÿң
˵Ѿа಻ˣ뿪Ҳûкġ
ϸ֮ĹϵǹӶѣ𣬺Щʧ
Сϸ֣һų
˵ǸƯСŮԲ顣ȷ㡣
СȷΪ˺צӰ˼£һ
Ÿ㣬鷳׼óԺȡЩܵСүˡ
һϤԳƣ̲סЦЦ
С֮ǰҲԳƣպãһһҲ֪˭˭
ã׼óԵġҪԳ𣿡òѯһ䡣
Сʮִػ˻ӳ
ʮ
Ҳ˵ʮж٣ֻСûаضһǿͣȻ˿ڣҲ취׼
ʦ°ץӣһֱƳɰǧĳ棬ֽ̻ùƳȥץιС񣬾Ȼȥš
ŵһͷʺ֣Ҳʺоһˡ
Ϳģй͵ֱ롣
СŮмλɣǰЩӷһЩ£߳һ֮ˣѪ׷ǰιİӡСŮϵƣǵСŮһƺʴǰһʣСŮ˳ˣҵȰæ
Щûȡ
Ѫ
ˣһǰʱ򣬾ǹˣŵϵۡЩҪõ
С֮ǰϢƺЩվãûжע⵽С㡣
ҧ
ߵһ룬Ȼ뵽˵һ仰
͹ϵơ
ûм
ȵȡ
뿪֮ǰõǰѽ
Ĺ˭
˭ȻҪȥһΡ
ּҴȹȥԼʦһȦڲ԰ҵʦ
ʦɳϻ۹ϣʮּ顣
ʦ
ִʦ˵ĶԻ
ĩ̾ͷϻһڵϺģԼСͽˣ֡
Сͽɳϻ۹ϣ
㶣ɳϡ
ջشʦ⣬ֲԼʲôġ
ʦͽҪȥһˡ
ִҴҽ͵һѣˡ
ĩ̾°ͣǾȥԼֻҪΪʦ֪ȥδС
Ȼ˵ͷתҪߡ
ȵȡ
ĩ̾ڲһ䡣
ľǸƤĨѪİ
ֽһ٣عͷ
ԼʦЩ㵡
ĩ̾°ͣʲôΪʦе𣿡
ûסЦЦûУʦǣǷ
µľˡ
ĩ̾Сֹ˾ʲô
СͽΪʦҪһ¡
ĩ̾ɫ֣ضҪȾѪ
ֲ⡣ĩ̾Ҳδ͡һ䣬ĳ˻֣ȥɣСѻĺﻹһСӡ
ԥ£δʣ
ǣʦ
ҪǰһˣԶ֪ˣרŸļλ׼ڳµʱ䣬չ˵ĺܺãһжĺúӣÿһλдʺţ׼ÿһ϶Ǹ˭ġ
ҲԼоȻλǶСõշǶ֪Ҳм֮дʺţиִΪת
ר׼һϻȼ˵š
ǰֻԨˡ
ިͲ¶ˣҪʦŵȶʦܴħϢʦܣһУԨˣҲ뵣ġ
ֺԨ뿪ʦţ׼ǰߵһ룬ʱ˸ѰҵһƬ˵Ĵֽ䡣
Ԩ֮
Сལ˴˼Ҳû࣬Ӧܽ⽵С
ûһƬ塣
ֱͳĻ壬ڲڵĸԨ
ԨüЩ졣
ֻ֪Ǽ˺ͬࡣǸ˭֪ʲôҲֻ֪²ֵܺйء
Ԩδ뵽ȻֵһƬꡣ
ǰo䣬ͬoϲڴؽһƬŸ󣬾ʹoϵ壬Ҫô׻عأҪôɢ֪oϵͳΪһƬƬ壬ɢ䵽֮ͬء
ûԼʱڴһԭ
ֱ˵һ˻꣬һ׽٣һе㵣ġ
뵣ģࡣ
Ԩ˵
־֪
Ҫ˵ľֵһۣһҲ֪赲׵ˡһҶֻһҪ󡣡
һһ˵һ֮ʣҪҡ
Ԩһ㶣üͷ΢
ԣҪ׽١е޷ܳе
תһ룬oϣĽͬҲ֣Ŵ޷赲»֮·
ԨȻʹǧ㲻ᣬѡ˺벽
á
Ӧˡ
ֳһ߬еĻһס
ɢɫĹһлзɳ˳ֵĶͷ塣
ֽ˫Ĳлλ
ҵѡ£һƬ¹λ޸һ̡
ֱ˫ۣԺпһĻһĻɿԹĻ
ҷأʢĺɻΧ׺Լһꡣ
δݣֻŮϲ̧̧֡
š
ȣڶϯȫ
̶ܲȻһ籩ǰࡣ
ɫת֮зףϺɫһδιճƲ״
ۡ
ɫһƬ
һϯķ籩γһ޴ԨС
ͳ
ԨԶ˸ʱֻ׼
Ȼ
һ״Ԩ֮۶ɣδ߳ʣ̧֣紵ںڳƮƮȴ޷ͦεӰ
ҡ
ͷɸ߿֮УէȻ͡
ãܡ
֮䣬ƾɢ
١ҡ
էͣ
ɫΪǳɫ̧֣͸ָŲƬ֮Ƶա
ܵ˷ָ⻮ĴС
ԼǰδеľӸµĸӸС
΢΢ۣͷһЦ
Ԩ
Ƭ̺ŤͷŲԶԨЦúЦԣԲ䣬ϲ
Һȷһ¡
ĿԾڱصá
л˵
~
ǣΪԪɿ飬֮춼ڼУ쵽޷£ãͻؼҲϣʱġ


194 
ǿ, ǿߣһһǶߣֻҪ޿, ͻ˱ᡣ
ã׽ٲ
һƬ壬Ǵеʵ, ȴ޷ѹ׼ǿʵ
ԨһЦŹâ, ҫ, ҹϸ, ֮ҫص̫
, Ϊ֮, 
һƬ壬ЦкԨ˵Ƭ͸оԼͷĿѣ, ڴʧÿһ, ·ǧ֮׹ҪûС
һ쳣ܿԨ, ֵַĸ첲, ô̶̵˲ȻһҿԨһѽ§뻳, ȥֵڵϡ
̶̺ʱ䣬Ѿԡ
, ҪĻ껹Щ, СѾЩܲסұĻ, ݻ˯֮С
˴˵ǻĽҰҲΪûʲộ϶ټֻԭʼĴ֣Ӳݴ
˴Ϊ˾׽רѰµƧ֮أû뵽׽Ȼɢ˴׸ԨһᱧһһȦ˴ûһʵЪŵĵطֻܲ²ֵ޷̫ǿĻ飬дҪôΪġ
Ԩ߹·Ұ֮Ȼһ㱡İ
Դ֮·һ㣬λҶžžવֻǸһܿ塣
Ԩǰֶ
Ԩͣ½Ų
ĽҰ룬˴óֵڴ˼ÿһͲģԨΨһȷЩħ岢޸ϵֱ˿̲δʲôɱ߶䲻Ĵڡ
ǰǰʲô֡
ʱɢȥ˵ƿǰ£
ԨǰһլԺ
ʯ̾͵·Աо޴
Ⱥľ񻨴̨ԣҸһʯ
ƾճֵլԺ·ڴˣȽյĺľŻ򿪡
֨һصĴŷ΢
ԨлŻԵ֣ĿŶǴ򿪵Ĵš
£ϲľķ׿߳ÿһľĴڵϣ졣
ߵſڣʯ۶Ԩ˵е֡
ˣԨü
޷硣
ƽغһ
ɫЩɨԨôֲʹ죬ȴ·˼ʲôǿȥԨ°͡

˴ɽɽׯ
䲻֪ɽɽׯΪλôѷǵУԨҲֱӱֿɽׯš
޷ʶ࣬Σ˴٣ʮİԨȴӴ˼ķϢᵽֵϢ
뿪༫ʮһֱŵĵط
ò˵һԨ޷һЩʵġʮ곯ϦദԽֶֹ޲ڣ
ײǲصСᣬԨܿ찴Լ˳ŷеϢѰҵڴ˴סլ
ȫɽĬĬעӣδԷûȥ
ɽׯֲʱţȴʵʵڴ˶ʮꡣ
ķ㲻úܴҲһⷿһ
뿪ɽׯʵδ޹ȻԨƿź֣˴һжʱ͵ģŨֵϢ
˽ϷŲһֻСװżԲԲʯӶԨһ۾ܿʱĥ˼Сʯ档
̽׵ص棬ϵûйϼ۵ӴɢţڼҰ
ڼ䣬˴һ߽һɵĹӣʮСһĳ롣ĻƵĴ齱Եһ۵İ¡
ǣͣʮ֮õĵط
ĺۼ
Ȼ뿪꣬˴Ҳޱ仯
ԨŽŻش齣һ̧࣬̽塣
һַʽֵ壬ڳ༫ʱ
һԨʱԷ֮ǰŽȻͬ
ֵĻȻܽκ˵Ŀ̽ˡ
Ԩ˶٣֣һֵĻ·ϳˣǹʧ
Ԩֵ壬ľһ顣
ǳ岢޴󰭣Ӧֻһʱ޷ء
ԨһúϢ
һţѾڿ
Ԩߵſţɽֱľԣתߡ
ԨţĲ˺ܿߵǰһСͥԺУ˴ֲŲٵĻݣʮïʢϸһȴʲݣвٵӲݣЩСӡ
ɽؽһˮưóֳһưˮƴˮ⣬ȫں¶մеĻһ룬еĻһˮմ˵ˮýʮ껨Ԩݺüͷ
ʱЩúá
ɽһƬʪһƬĻԣʵп
ɽׯʮ꣬˴֦Ҷïݴз˲ȸߴߴոһһɲɽׯѵõ⡣
Ԩʾ֪е˭
ְ
ָ༫ʱͻ·ֵСҰֺʼʶȥռֻ֣һЩʱ佥̭ɸѡϲĳ̫ԼһЩС֡
һֻСꡣ
һжмѭġ
˽֪oϵһƬӰƬ򣬳β洦ɼ
ҲΪoϰ嶼̻Ϊ֣һؿ
֪˭
Ԩֱʡ
ɽѰһȥľһЦһ
˭Һθɣ
Ԩֻһ仰ף޷֪˭
޷Ӵ٣²޷ݡǼʧ
֪˭Ʋ㷴Ӧ
Ȼ֮ԨÿҲͦȤҲͲѰһЩƣ룬̧ڶǰǳǳ۾
ǰҾ֪ʧĺŮɽۣ˵ҵǲͬʱɽׯʱһΪ÷ˡ
ԨЦ
޷ϲϤʹ֮УлŵȤ˴ȻѰ޹޷絽Ǵ֮ˡһЩֶΣʲŽǷɽׯ
ҪѰҵ˲ɽׯ޷ȴſЦҲ֪ʱ޷֪Ѱ޹ǰܣЦá
ʧˡ
Ԩ˵
̸ʧϾ÷ʱ򡣡޷̧Լ죬ָָĲ𪣬ˣûϵɣ
ԨĬƬ̡
ڴˣǣοʱ޿̲ںʹ״̬
վϰˡ
ҺǺ棬ʱ򣬻ʲôӡ
ɽһ˫ĺ΢΢ǵһĨЦЩаȡóȷڴ
ԨĿźСͥԺһĺСķ䡣
򰮶ʹʹ裬
дõĽ֡ҲͽܵĽ֡
СҪдˣλ˵ĳ١
ȻҪһ
»ʧҶ衣
Ԩָ
ɽЦǳǳɫƺʲôŴͷȥ˳Ĭ
ľ£㣬Ϊˣһأ¶Ľס
״һĨɫӰƺŵķġ
ֺɫķԨϵ䣬ŽȻͬķ⡣
˵ЦˡɽĮ˲٣۵ƺЩǿţԴ˵ʧȥǸܣ㣬Сڷ˯š
ԨȻңԼзĿܡЩѾǰʧȥʸ
޾ĵȴȴֹĲܡ
ȻݲܣΪܡ
ΪҪأ
Ԩǵ޷統յȴֵġ
һֱ׳룬һһֵˡ
˻Ͷࡣɽϱۼ£ԨԼͳһյһһߵȴš
ɽׯûʱţû˻֪˿ǺʱԨҲ޷жϣ̤˳Ѿȥ˶á
ֻƾһƵļףϡе㡣
ǡԨһ֣صڵСԺ
뿪ǰȣƺûʲôֻͬ˯ڴϵֺһҴס֮ǰԨĽǶͬ
Ԩڴ齱š
һáڿ˯еʱҲѹ
СۣգգٱۡǷڱﹾ๾תֳһڹ๾˿̵ۣĽëȶźһֲһűӴŹǷһ¶Ƥ
˯ѵС˶µģڴϺһز
ֺһΡ
μƺһȦϲһȹһƬĿժһϴŽţϰһһνţ죬죬һֻëСޣֻŻȲȵײײײƶ䱧Ľ嶼ڰΣ߽С
֪Ӻδһָֻ꣬С޵ĺ󾱣ڿл˻ΣεСء
ʦϲë׵Сӡ
ֺ񿴼ԼЦпǰ꿴ʵϻûסߣ˼С޵ëЦ۵̿
㲻ҲС硣
ŲǡӲİСͷӲ˵ͽһ㶼ϲ
ԼƺЦ˺üһǿԼҴͽӣŸ͡
ԶԶԣС粻ϲë׵СӡС磬Ϊʦͻ¿ɺã
һǿشӦˡ
ͽһˡ
Сޣתǻ̧һԼʦ
ʦҪ
ԼΪȻЦЦ
С粻ϲţ
Ҳϲ
һøߴķïʢҶһɫ꣬üƯһ˫ԲԲģΪɰһɫĽǶһ·üĵһź̡
ͷƶϵظ
ʦҲϲš
ֻ˭ƶƺƮƮС߶һ꣬걳źįƺֵĿعͷ
δòֻһСһ䡣
մˡ
һֺ̣Ȼˡ
ڴϣѣеһз·һһжԵģģ̶̵˲䣬񶼿Լμʲô
ֻϡǵãһСͽܡ
һ֡
Сţ
˭
Щã
μΪoʱ
ֻһΣΪ˼ŻμЩ
ֲ֪
űڴϣһŷˣŷԨڴԱߵؿ
һʱ֮Щã֪֮ǰʲôۣ˵ЩʲôطԼ֮ǰҪӯһӴӯܡ
ֱ˿źȻӦԼ֮ǰһɹ׽١ȴǳɹԼһŻ顣
˵һҲ֪Ϊǰ£Ƭ̼ɢȥֲ֪Ҳȥ룬ֻ֪Լ˿ѾɹһŻ壬ʱ֮ǰŽȻͬı仯
ҲǵԼڶԨ˵Ǿ仰ʧȥʶ˯һ
Ԩ
ϲ¶ЦݣЦļΪʣ۾䣬¶һݡ
ԨҲȾɵ΢΢һЦ

Ҹоһ£Ԩҡҡͷ
ʲô׸оֻ˯һ
ǺδôоϤֵһʱ䲢δ뵽ɽׯֻ´ʱܾôϤ֮ڴ˴ܾãܾúܾãõ̧һ۾ܿԼڹϵһޡ
ǵһĬд£ˮԼġػʮֻһɹˣܸ˵ȥСҫ
飬Сۣգۣ˲ͷӦԼںδЩķָָԼ
ɽׯ𣿡
ǵһʦŵĺɽߵһƬžͻصɽׯ֮УҲһɽҪԨ꣬Ψһİ취ף塣
Ҳǰ壬˺ԨһĹ
ôһ˯Ԩһɽׯ
ֻǵãɽԨʶġ
뿪༫ʱɽյԨšʱǲ֪ġֱܾ֪֮ԨɽʶġҵģǻͱԨҵ
ϾʱδúԨټ׼ҲûеԼ̬һţڽ˿ڵСꡣ
õʱɽδ֪Ԩ䡣
ʮʱ䡣
ԣڴ˴Ԩش֮ʵ޷ϵΣ
һ㶡
޷硣
ʶڸողãμһˡ
ǽС磿
Сȫʲô֪ΪΣֵһʱԶȫ֡
޷硣
ǽ޷
Ĵͽܡ
ֱͼȥǸξʱƣһη·һ㱡һжԼԼξݾһ걩¶ڿеĵĻ𽥸ٵ
̧ԼĶǣЩţЩеովμʲô
С硭

޷˭
μġ
ֻƬ̣ͷ
ԨĲԣְ̧סֵļһ̧°
ľ񡣡
ⲢͨĻ
ԨĻ･һصĴһãۡ
ʱѾԨոʲô
ãȻؿԨ
Ԩ޷֡
ڵ˵ûһй֣ڶһָ
ʱһЩʱѾоԼˬӯȫָյ״̬
˿ƮƮš
˾ҽ㲻ڣήˡ
ɽ
ʶҪӦȴԨ̧һָĴϣȾ
ãصۿԨ
ʲô
Ԩȴһֻش
ȲͲҪû
ӷڴֵģ˳ĬƬ̡
һ
ҵԺһȨ๡
ˣԼҪѰһæԨֱӻػ
գۣ²Ԩ̧Ҳˡ
ôоԨɽ֮Ĺϵˣ
ѵһ䣬˴ҵ龳ȥѰҲҲɽׯš
ɽЩӲ
Ԩѵ䣬ٻ
ԼС껹˼ׯϣٿϴ˴ҲҪ뿪˴֮˵
һɽһ֡
΢ϢƬ̣Ԩš
ɽѾСԺſڡǸһԼֵӰܿǰСԺС
ڴ˴˳ʮ꣬ʮϤǰ·ھʱ˳ժһƬҶЦеݵԨǰ

һƬҶҶһֻССඹ档һһŤ
Ԩü
ѾϲԼԨ
ҷƬҶһֱһֻ棬ÿһ춼ҾժƬҶӣֻСȥǰԺСۻСӷС£óӷ
Ԩû̶ֻֻܷǺϧʮľú棬ֻӶиС
صСͥԺɽѾ׼˲ˮģʯԵǡ
˵ǲˮģֿһ۾֪ϤĽ裬Լһָ⡣
ɽò
ɽʱúôһ֡һһʵ£ȻǰŮѾһʱرı仯
ܲһЩϵϸ΢ͬ
ǰЦʱϤС
Ϥƺ˺ܾúܾǰĹȻܿ񰵳ǿԼӹ廳֮г롣
α廳˿̲һ˱ˣԣõĹ¼ȥ
òԸɡ
ɽ赭дɨһԨ
һʱἰй޸顣Ȼ֪༫ˣ˸ֲ༫ջһ롣
䲻֪ʵ֮ˮжأԨһʵŵġ
ȻӸռԨʱĲǰλ༫áϤ
䲻֪ʲô취ҵʧ壬ɶ˵õġü䣬Ц磬һв޸
ٺ١ֲ˼Ǽ⣬Ҫлɽָ㡣
ɽ֪壬ҪΪԨ֮˵
лⲻԵ
ɽȻ˱裬Ƹֽ֣һָݸ
̧Ҫָ⣬ձ˵ֽػ
Ԩһɽнӹָ⣬лл
ԼеֱָӵݵֵС
ָ⣬ɽɫЩԨɫƺС¡
գۣһκԨɽ֮ĹϵѺõ
е㲻񡣵Ҫ˵֮ĹϵǢƽ͵һϡʵ
Ͳˣֱָҧһڡ
̲ס©Цˡ
ոһյһζѽôҲû壬Ҳûвָֻһζ
ǵʲôԵ
Ԩʵ
ɽ̧ա
һɲգơȻ˿ȴһܲ׵ɫӰӲƲ֮СȻı仯ˣһеı仯Դ̤ڴˡ
ɽĬƬ̧̺֡
ƺ˵Щʲô󲻹ǵȻһЦ
ûʲôԵˡ
һ㶣ҧָһ¡
˵ɽĻôһ롣ڴɳĮ뿪صʦźҪѰʱҵɽɽл
һӰɽѵΪɽˣ
ǿǡ
ҪͷϣһԨָ̧֣ߣ赭дش
ǰʮչˣҵȷл
ɽЦʧԨһۣƿߣӲػش
ء
еǻͶ࣬ϵ˶һۺֱƿߡ
һָˣĲ
ɽǴ˴ﲻ̫ܶãһҪǰ
͵ڴ˴ûʱʶµ¡
ɽ˾䡣
ȥΣ
ּ򵥽һС顣
ɽׯ֮ǰǺС㣬֮ǰҲɽἰСĴڣֻǵ֪СǰᵽСǰƺˡΣա
Ѫʱɽɫۺ
ѪҲֻв̨ıŻôЩ
һ㶡
Щ鶼ǹɽַԣǹʶһ
ɽ֪Щµ˭
ɽ̧۽ԶҶϡ
⡣
⡣
һóϵˡ
ܾ仰û˵꣬ĵȴź䡣
ȻƬ֮ɽع
Ǻ壬һҪԶһ㡣
˵ܵø˭ɣ
ɽһ뵽Ҫ֣ͺһ˿
˺һ˵
ʦȡһʱҪԼԼȡһ֡
š
ɽЦ
ͦãʦ֣䲻ϡ
ֳĶҲֻЩĶһһЩϲ̨ĳª顣
⻰֪ˣɽǹʶʶŹϵӰɡ
Ǵ˿бĸʱ
ؿɽ
ɽʦ˭ѽ
ɽ֣ǴĺˣҲδֱӸ
ʦˡ
ִ㵵صɴۡ
ף
ף
ҪʦĶ󣬾Ȼͽ
л˵



195 
ļǵ, ɽׯʱɽָýڲд鼮, Ƕǳ֪ʶҪɽΪʦ
ȻʱɽܾպΪͽ
ʱôҲû뵽Ȼõһ, ǾĴϢ
ɽͽܣ
ôѽ
Բԣɽo˵ͽܡ
ͽܡ
o˵һƬꡣ
ϸȫͬˡɣ
Ҳȷ
ɽôһ˵εָⶼԲȥˡĽеָĬĬķŻС
ֲԾֱͦ˱ߵӲȥ, , Ŭһׯģ
Ȼײ̬, ģɽ΢΢ۡ
㲻
֣, , ǡ
ʶĿԨ
Ԩһ࣬𰸲⣬Ͼ޷ĴȽ֮, Ҳֻôӳġ˿ĳϲǸԨһȷ
ֻǡ
, СŬڳһŵģ, ûסֵ̧Ŵ, ͵͵Цһ
ȻֳΪʦʵǻӦ֪ôɽ˵ˡֻܽȵĿʼԨϣšüŪ, ͼԨһ
ôô죿ǴǰɽȻݴףȻͽܡ
ôɽ˵
Բ, ʱѾܺɽ˰ɣʲô޷
ֻҵСƶ, Ԩ, ɨһɽԣɨһ޷磬ȻײʦεģԼ֪ԼúεȻŴ֮ڿ޷硣
޷ڸ֪Ϣʱ򣬲δ뵽ֵķӦ
Ԩһ͵Цģ⡣
ֻ֪˭Ҳֵ֪ݺȻԼʲôطѧϰֶo˵ͽһûκηӦԱģ
ݻ޷ЩҸСող˵Լoϵͽܣ˵ֵͽܡ
ֺð侲뵽ǰԼǰͽʵЩģɽ޷ദЩУһֱһĽǶȥҪͻȻתݣҪһʦȥ޷磬ʵЩġ
侲ԼʦģŬһͺƿܲôմߣǺʹҲЩǣЦݡ
ԭǡͽܰͦõģͦõġ
ݹЦݣ޷粻ɵü
ɨһһԨԨѾ͵ЦٿʱҲոᷳ˲ͬô˵ذ޷ĸоĲԨһ˿ĺͰ
Ͱ
һͳ༫صĴʡҲһȫòϵĴʡ
ȻһȴԨϡֻһ𰸣˿̵Ԩ翴һСһΪԾĺͰס
ոյ˵ӦԼoϵͽܰɣ
û˵ɣ
ֶЩˣ޷ʶĿʼԼոյ˵ǡԼ˵ʲô
䵽޷ȷԼ˵װףԼoϵͽܡ
̽Ŀϡ
Ů֪ԼΪ̬ȣͷѾһë׵Ķ䡣
𣬼ڱܵ顣
޷翴źȻһԶЩ㱣һοͷһë׺ֻǰȻʱֺʹ˿̺˵ر
ʱһʮŮһЩ峺¶۵Ժˣһ۾ܿһ׵ĺ̡
Ȼ˿̵֣˵ò˱仯ֻ˵ٲδκθı䣬ǳһЩȻһݳ̥ǣȻŮȻ̬ɫչ¶۽üҶŸ߹
εĳҲ˼ı仯˵һС꣬˴⣬ô˿̵Ҽ㣬ʵϢΧ˭һۿ²λߣ͸Ȩˡ
Ȼֻ㱼һˡ
ǰǧǰʦƺһ̵غϡ
ȻòϻĲͬϻЩϸ΢ı仯ʶһ£޷绹һţһ뵽ǧǰʦ
ģƸִ꣬µ
޷Ȼ˵ˡ
ǧˣôޱ
ֻҪһͷϸ΢ϸھͻϵһ
ͺñ˵ռֵʱ֪һʧȥ˻ĺ塣
ͺñȴ˿ʶڻָ˴Ļ壬ϡһЩϢ
һᵽʱֺԨ΢ķӦ޷ԼǷˣǴ˿ֻóһۡ
޷ĬƬ̺ЩѹֵʣҸγƺ
Ȼת˾
ȻһЩ죬ңת
޷ΪʲôôͻȻþƺܲǷʲôɣƽʱԲԼþƺġ
ڵԼҲ֪Լ˭
Ψһȷľڵ޷ʦ
֡˺һ޷һ׼ȷĴ𰸣֡
ǰΣ޷˭ͽܣ˿̵֮֡İУҴڵı塣
ȻôһشҲǸ޷һ׼ȷĴ𰸡
ֻ֣ôһԼزµӿ϶ʳûǾʹ֪Ϊʲôþ
֪Ļ
°ڣ̧˫ֽ˫ϥأߵ
Тͽ޷磬ʦ𡣡
һѰ̾ԭرQȻѾ֪Լ˭Ⲣ̾ܽһСοһܳ𾴵ǰԼǰߵ
Щ
æȥ޷硣
ȱæԼȷء
˵ʵ
ѾˣֻҪ˿̵֣ͻ֡
˵ͽܣø
޷类ַţĬҲΪòø񣬶ʦҪ˳ӡ
ҪȷͽѾȷˡ
ûɻʱ޷ζ벻һ㣬һ˶ߣһжмѭ
ʦ뿪ǰһ仰Ժͽպ塣
ҲΪһ仰δ֡ǵʦѾԤϵһЩ£赲ʦͽϵߵ
ȻĻԼʦΪԼͽܣȵݴף޷ŻʦҲֱӷӰɽ
ּ޷ôţҲ
ϾʵѾʮа˾ˡ˵ǡΪûеļ䡣
䣬һ޷粢δվһࡣ
ϵתϵӹɢվ˹ضЩнԼҲûӦϵת䡣ֵȻ𲽽Լʦطʵˡ
޷վŵǵһΣԼЩϰߣк㻹Ǳվˣ°ɡ
޷ҡͷ
֮ǰ֪ݣȻðʦͽԽ
ɡ˵ȴԨڲ࿴ʦͽϵĳ˿̴ǹһĨЦ⣬ɵ棬޷°ͣϰߣӦЩʱ򡣡
޷һ͡
Щʦ󣬻һ
ĿɨԨ
òԨǰһֵĸоʵ˲ˬ
Ǿƾ֮ǰֵĽӴԨֵеλ͡
ǰ˷ĳ༫пʦ
ˬ
޷ǿѹɲӲ
ⲢδʦĻǳԨ˵ĻеֵȷҪһӦʱ䡣
οҲ׽һ㡣
ʦͽϣûʲôͷʹޣԳֺ´޷磬޷֡
ֵУ޷ǽһϵתû޷Ϊͽܵļ䣬ʵϻЩġ
Ȼ޷Уٴλصʦࡣ
ζʲô˶֪ŵֻôˡ
һɽׯʱиͼٴεȵʦ
һЦ
Цܽʦ䣬ֱʦ
ǧʼղʦϢ뿪һЩ飬޷ģûģںϾʦ𶼲ˣֺαȥǧ̵һЩ˼
һ
š
뵽ţ޷ɫ̧Ƥֱ֡
ʶĶһŷӦǰźŮʦֱĶ֡

ʦǲһƬ𣿡
룬ҡͷ
Ҳش𲻳Ͼûκμ䡣
ش뵽˵ȷǲһƬ꽻ͿɽϣͿɽ㽻
Щ棬֪δᷢʲô
ֻ˵ʷԶֻأ
޷粻ˡ
ˣȻʦûм䣬ͽҲ֮ǰ顣ֻʦһйص顣
ϸϸ
ԨЩţָֽ̧
ָ⣬ֲ˼ԡֻ֣ȻԴڴڳָ⡣ڵ޷ʦءʦôô㣿ܸһʦϰɣȻҲ֪ʦʲôָ֪϶ûϵġ
Ԩһ־֪ʲôֿһ㣬赭д˵һʦ
Ŀ͡
ʦ˵ǿŸˣſڲ԰һ߬һѲˣһһС棬ЦǺǵʱǳеġ
ʦûΣǾ̴ʦϡ
˵£ϵľǴʦˡ
ʦҲͽǹǿάʦĻϰɡ
һԨֵָУԾҧסˡ
ˣܺʦ޹ء
Ͼ޷ǰСʮġ
һʱ֮Ҫһϣĸ졣
ʦҲǵ˰ɡ
޷ʡ
ҧָԾҡͷǵá
˵ǲǵãǶϤм˭˵
Ҳҵͽ𣿡ֺʡ
޷Ʋͷ
ʦҪ˵ֻ䡣
ʦֻͽܡͽܾңͽǧ̡СͽܽЦ
ͽ޷磬ɽ
ͽǧֺ̡ݺҧһָ⡣ǵأǰף壬Ԩʲôѡ϶Լʦͽ֮䷢˼ΪشìܡҪ÷ӣһѹסԼʦ
Ц
ֳĬá
ȥϹʱֻ֪ϹĵһιЦҲ֪ЦoϵͽܡУһ꣬ҲǾЦ
ǸΪʦɣ뵽ѳꡣǸϹˮ¼꣬ǸУ꺰ʦһ
ǻ֪˭ֻ֪꿴жôˡںһ𴵷жô㡣
ԭǸʱЦѾϳ
ȴһӵ
Сͽ
̧Ŀڣҧܵµһһۡ
ʱ֪ǰЦʱ֪Լˣô뿪ŰЦ磬ˮʰҶݾ
ֱҲ޷ͣ
ˡЦ
ǸǰԸΪʦ𸶳Լѳꡣ
һ˲Ļ㱣һŷԼֱϵһˮ
ˡ
һųĬ̧ͷȦѾЩ졣
Ԩ䲻֪ȻʧƬȥǴµˮŵˣҲܲ³
ֵСͽܡ
ǸʱǾͼˡ
ѹԼΪʱ
ֽ̧§뻳УĴĺ󱳡
ѹȥ
ֳĬؿԨĻУһ˵ܿ𣿡
Ԩն˵ܡ
룬Ŀ
ԵĻټһЦ
ֺԨ޷ԼҲ֪ʲô
ҲУǸû飬ҲʦĵСʦܡ
ͬҲΪ̫Ц޷ʦʵѡء
أ
ԼӡûʱŵɽׯװԼǸʦ۰޷磬ʦĳһһţЦźС磬ǵкȥ档
ǰһѣֺֹ߲Ц
˵ЦҸһ
ʱöʦ֮ǰʼճŹ¼ź˼Ǳǣıˡ
ĽЦ׵ʦӱһ壬׵ĵõʦƫۡ
ҲĽšòΪʦ̧һ㣬һϢ¶Ȼĳ֡
ʲôľʦһʱ֣ܣС
ûʦͽ֣ҲǴʦõ۰
Ϊˣ޷ж
ʦֽˣôԳΪһɱûǷƶûΪ˵ĵߣʮڣΪħˡ
ŶԲʦ𣬻˵Ĵھʦһڵ㡣
oϸĽ̵ľȴ˼⡣
޷Ȼ룬֪ʦˣʦ
ʦǰʼߣţʦ𿴼Լģ
ʦ𡣡
޷
̧ͷۡ뵽Լ˿̻ԨУʦģ˼ֱ塣
š
ӡ
ʦ˵Ҫȥһֻ𣿡
ס
޷룬˵
м±˻֪ͽ֪һ
ֱͦ˱
ͽţʦĲзֹһ顣һ顣
޷
Ǳһ
֮ģ֮ѪѪģݣݣ˻֮ģ÷ӣС֮ꡣ
޷羲ؿ֣ܵ͡
΢΢üѪ֪Ͼ֮ǰǹ⻨˴Ҫġ÷ʲôݣϤ
˻֮ʲô֮ꡭĻ
˵Щʲô˼
޷һγĬ˺ܾã̧ա
̵ǡ
޷翴֣Ц¡
ʦһ㡣
л˵


196 
һ˻˵, ƲѰܹġ
Ǹ޷֮ΪŵˣȻһoϡΪɱ10޹飬˼һ⡣
Ҳ˵Щ˵Ϊ, ƾ뷨Ѿס
ɽׯûʱţֲ֪Լڴ˴Ϣ˶áһ͵֪Լһͽܻɽ޷硣һ㣬Ҫһʱ
ﵽ׻ǹ, ޷ʱ䣬ѰһյӾ͸øˡ
޷ʱ˶е㲻ڡÿο޷綼뵽ȥЩʱ䣬ǰһ֪ʶĴǰ޷˵һʦǰ, ڲϵĸԼҪȥ, ȴ̲ס˿̵ֺ֮ǰɽׯʱȽϡ
һС, һoϵ, ޷ʱ㱼ܻ, ֺ֣Ȼʦ𣬵Ѿ͹ȥһˡ
Ҳͦá
˵Ҫ뿪һ, ޷һ׼ָ⡣
һִɽׯ뿪ʱһˡһԨ, ޷͡
ߵľſʱ, ֺʲô, ˳һ䣺С۲
޷ƽĻش𣺡Եڴ˴
һֻԼԵСϣԱǸ걾̤ڴˣһʱ
ʮʱ, С۽ҵҵѧϰ֪ʱźܿ͸ȥ
޷ֻ֪, Сۻ֮Ե, ǷԵںδ, ȴö֪ˡ
꼴ԵСۺһԵҲú󻹻ʱ
־ʱѽ٣뿪༫ʶĴңиһݴڣæ˼ˣؾ۵ʱ
ȥأ
ͷ޷硣
Ƚ֮ǰɽׯʱԼӦǳˣ޷ʱûǰǰӣ޷ΪͽܵԾվڵʹֵʱǹĵͷ­
޷룬ʦҪһ
Ĭãջ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ʦȫʱ׿뿪ҲŻ뿪˴
ΪΣ
޷ʲôϾˣûмʵֺֻ֣޷֮û˵ָܻʦͽǰ㡣
޷˵Ҳٶ˵ʲô
ľĴֵ£
תɢȥֻص˵ΪӦ׽صѰҵƫƧɽ֡
߰ɡ
Ԩ̧֣г
ɽׯգôʱǾҪ·ϲ
ûʱˡ
ԨУڶ̶̰֮ھ͵ִ
֮ǰ뿪ʱƺ˲ٵı仯
ʱȡĽǷֻʯһسǾǶʿ˵ֻҪǰʿԸǰһȦҽһС鷳ȡκʯһ׼ʯΪл
óʯΪлģһʲôС¡ȻÿһǵʿⷬΪֹȻһˡ
֮ǰֻ̨ǳ˺ܶ¶һ˶ñԼòԨһܵ͵ģվڳſڣҲ˻ע⵽Ƕñµա
ƹسǾ˼¡
ǸʲôطֵڳſڶܶԷΪΣʼб
ͷβһɽŵաѲߵسǾквܿ죬һͷسǾС
⼸ȫǾģˡ
еسǾһأѲߵ·ϲҿ·ϵˡһ۾ֱܷ߻ᱻسǾ´ƺжݣ䰲ȫԡ
ֺԨΪŶñȽԵ˸ԵһЩأߵʲôطΧسǾĿʼղ벻һֱĿǡ
ֽñһء
к͵ʱҲܴ󡣵ھٰ̨ʿڶ࣬ͷβܼȺһһʮַ
˿ԨڽͷСһӣﶼտյ·˸ĶɫҴҽŲôһ˾ȻسǾ
Ѱһջšֵ취ϵǵóĴλãһ
ȴʱ䲻ܾãźܿ챻ˣпˡ
ֺԨڿͼԲԣ˶һۡ

ŲδʱǵҲֻнϢˡ
ȻŶʱһ
껹ǺǰһŻݳޣϹŸ鱦壬߬һȣһϷ˼ӵģƫƫüɣһֲδϼء
СŮÿ졣
źתֽ˩ϣϰԵ¶Ц٩䣬عһֵߣд㵵üʻ˱˵Ļ
һ̵ߵǰѡ˸λԶĵط¡
»ϵСŮ٣ЩΪ㡣̶һزСŮ˰
һʱڣսƬ飬ĳ˵ѾǧУΪĸߵӰò˭˶᲻ηȻǺŮɫ󣬿ȴָ߲ʵ֮С
ҲϢá
òˣ
ֳ˸кϸ˿Ȼȷôùɢڲס۵׵ƣΡ
ĿԨϣֹ̧˹
֪λǣ
Ȼ֪˭ԨǶȷǷҿʶѡһԶλá
ԨΪʦʱǼġȻḡȴصġ
Ҳ֪˭ΪԨиǺûٹϵģ˵

һգ۽Ͱ˵ŶŶԭǣǿʦ˰⣬һҲ⡣
һҲǣʦߣһоǾԲǵΣûǡΣԷ˶ѡ
ˣǸǲΣ
Ǽ⣬ֱ롣
СŮҸдѾŸˡҲΪѰɡҾֱ˵ˡ
֮г˲ٵĹڹһйĴˡ԰ңھҲ޷
Ƥӷ÷ɿ죬Ѹ˵ްɽ壬ҿ˶Щġ
СŮ¸߳пʦڲ⣬֪λɷǰȥһΣ
˶٣һ䣺һǰĵ¡
Ͼһǹ֮ˣ粽
ˡ
СǱǹץˣѪҲ֪˶ˡ
Ĺ˵ǾѣƲ
ˣȥһˡ
ִӦ
һǰǺһ
һ¡˵СŮͿʦˡŵʱӦ˵һط֡
СŮȥǲ֪ʦܷͼݰæȥһˣûʲô¡
Ԩ۶
޷¼֣ƿ߿Ŀİ˵Ҳûʲô£Ǹбһ󷨣ܰ˵ֻܣǹ󷨡
ֵɴۡ
һ󷨣ΣԺĸߡ
ϸˣǴ˵ʵ¿ǿ֮һˡ˵˭ƽ´ӸֳҲֻпʦĪˡЦϾȥһ˸֣Щء 
һ㶡¾ԨҲЩ΢΢ľȡ
ֻʵ˵ʮǿˣͶ޷Ȼ֣߳лҪ⡣
˶ˣ
ףҲأֻǺǰȥ̽ʱǹĹʹˣ֮Щˡ
ǹĹʹͨ󷨳֮ѹ䱸ɭϡ
˵һ⣬˵֮ˡ
Ԩ룬ףҲãұȥһ
󷨣µȷȥʡ
ǹ˼ҲȥĹá
ȻȷǾͷͷж
ҲС£ԽȥԽáʴֺԨһۣȷж
ȥһŻӡ
һһˣųһ֮ء
һʱ֮ﶼС̯вٰհĹǽʮ֡
һߵһͷ֣ſ·ԽԽ٣̹ţܿǽĳλãΧֻʣسǾˡ
ԵöЩעĿ
ñڳ֮ϣĿ֮£ͻȻʧֻ»ɧҡѰһ䡣
һڼŵУһš
ԼΪΧѲߵسǾṩġ
룬ȥ
Ҳʲô
ôģɵߵڲµķŵһʱ΢΢һ㶡
һ꣬׶òǶԴһº͵İС
ںȲ衣
źһƴ룬ƺ˿΢΢̧
ڿֵʱ۵׶־ȣ֮ϲ
һ¶һº͵Цݡ
겻񳤴˲١Щûܽϳ
֡
վԭأЩϲʮִ㵵ضˡ
ʯ
ڲ꣬Ȼʮ겻ľѣʯ
л˵


197 
ڳ༫İ, ˵˭־ദʵģҲµʯˡ
ûж⣬һ, ܶ顣ҲΨһһ뿪Լطˡ
¼ֺܳһʱı޷͵ʱ򣬶ܵȥСʯͷǿա
˵Ҳ֣һ˰Сɽ, ȴܵõİҲ
ҲΪʯ˾ôһˡǱܡֳܣԨϲܳ༫ų⡣
ʵһֱҲûŪ, ʯڳ༫һʲôĴ, δκְ, Ҳڳ༫Ч
ϸ˵žһصĿ, ƽҲǶ, ֻôʱ£ÿѮȼǧյơʧ
ʯĴڣôء
ֿʯǼΪ˵, Ͼѵõˡ
ĺþò, ʯ, ̲סЦ, ڳ༫еˬЦݡ
ʯôһ˲Ļ㱣һŴЦ
, Цӣܺ㡣
뿪༫ǰЩʱ, ûЦġ, Ĭǻȫ״̬
ڽͷ, Цӳ۵ףü䣬Цϡɼۿɼϲá
ָ˵꺮ѵĻȻԨ˵Դ뿪ʯҲδص༫ҲΪ뿪±ǣɡ
˵ʯѾƯʮһˡ
滹سǾ˴ֻһϲڿ𣬶뵽Ŀģ֪˴˵ĺõط
ҪҪ졣ʯȷˣҲܴϥ̸ʱ
סںδҴô硣
ʯδҪʲôˬظ֪
һҿջסǶ
Ҳ֪ֻҪȥҿ϶ҵõġ
е£Ժȥ㡣
ʯӦˣҲûʲô뿪
ֵ׻ǵԼȥһܴ֪飬µķҲƿǵô˴ƿ˵ĵطǳˡ
Ծͳųķȥ
ڣʯĿ뿪ֱӰʧ°һֲ裬̾˿
һأ쵽ˣвٵسǾڽѲߡѣֻߵĺŴװţ˲СŵʯǽӰȥΡ
һЩʱ䣬ھ͵ٿһ㡣
Ҳ֮ǰжʱˣָһȻзķ
ؽ磬ַɵǽ⣬÷׾ʹ
һʱҪ̫࣬Щġ
ô˵أͷѲɭ˲٣ǺԵЩˡ
ֽڣֻһΣһҲǰ·ʵôֱܷڵĵ·
ڹǽǽͷϡڲ֡
ΪӦʲôط˵йѺĵطǵָںδ
ֲֻ̫ðһԡ
ִӹǽͷһԾ䵽һų߳һοĹ㳡Χвٹ̵ͷŲҴš
ָһһŻԶĲݴԵȼܿһ磬紵ûӣЩ·Ĺ̷ֺ󣬻Żȥ
ܿ죬ԶļСܳһЩǷˣˮͰǰ
ȥΣ˹ȥ
ûл֣ôȻ𣿡
Щһ߽ˮһɻķʡ
˴ϵƿԶܿԶ˵λã㲻úżֻҪ¶˾С
ЩȷĹҲơ
Сĺö˶أһͷͷֲݴ˻𡣡
ʲôʿ֡
˵ס֮ûʿ˵
ǹ̵ͷǸ
ǣС˵ˣǾ⣬⡣
ü
ЩְȻһڷȨǴ󲿷ֵңŮ֮ˣҲ֮ʿ٣߽ܶ׵ҲΪġ
ôУ֮ʿһֽɡ
˴ķ˺ܶʡ
ֵЩ˽ĸ˽Ѳص·߲඼ǹ̶ģǾܺҵΡ
лӽڿһ䱸ɭϵĹ
ܸо˻ʵϢ
Ӧþǹڵĵطˡ
˴Ͻ䱸ɭϡΧвٽ֣
ܸоһɹϢ˵ʲôħϢģҲʿ
ĲֵĳͻĻݣϢЩġ
˴϶ʲôġ
覹˼Щλ˳شӵŲ˽ȥ
żλûһ磬ڵһʱֽ̧ȥûоκˡ
Žȥ˻ڵڵһ⿪ŵִڵſڡ˴䱸ȷɭϣȴûмΪĹΧš
͵һ߼ʮ׵ľ˹֮ء
Ŵ򿪣ʮֵַΪûоκ˾Ѿִڵ֮С
емڡȻͲûʲô
⼸ŵɫḶ́϶һŵʯһ㣬վĸĽ䡣
̧֮ʹ֮С
͵Щ򷭣ӦԼʱδûӣֱһ龳ڴ˴
ֱ˿Žȥ
𣿡
ȹŵ̨ϣܿ쿴˴˼ˡ
һɫͷ켹ڣȴЬľߡ
ֱ߻һƺƱֱӶžƺơ
˵Ļعͷ
ſȷȴͷֱǰر
֮ǰһʵ꣬ʮִӱγ
˿̵һʱ䣬˲䳤ˣҲԵ÷˲١һ˫ĺڵģģ˿塣
˿̵ȻһϸĹ
㰡
ƺһʱϳ
΢˱䣬һţû뵽Ȼˣҡ⡣
꣬һʹһ
ȹǰ˴ľʵĵذ壬ż廨Ľţһž޴ĵص棬ȻصϾأЩѬͷ
סһס̧лľƱ
أ˵˴Щ£һ
ǳʲô£
Ϊ⣬̧ԼǱƣƱһӣþƺȣ̸ʲôǡ
ѵãֹﻹܼǹңһҡԶǧһ⡭ˡм
˾ƣ̧ŴԶƮƮ˵
׷ʲô£ֿҲЩ죬̲סʣʲôΪѵ飿ôоܡɥ
ȷС
֡
ΪѺΪѡ
˵
һһȴ¶һЦ죬³һƣر˱ۡ
ֹ㲻ġ
һ̣ˡ
л˵


198 
һ㶡
ЩӦ, һͻعζ
ҲС㱻ܻҲߵľ棬Ϊˣ
˵, ˱ˣ
ġЩģִδԼᱻ˱ѡ
Ŵ׼ߡ
ҡ
ͷҲ̧˵Ҳǰ֮ǰ֪֡Ǻ⡣Ҳǲŷԡ
վסˡ
, ˵滰Ǽٻ
ǼٻûбҪƭһľ֣Ǳߵ˵Ļ֪ջ, Ҳ֪, ߽Ӧ޵
Ȼһ, һǰܵĹ, һ, ʱʵϲ
ȥţԶʱ, ʵеϲá
Ǹˡ
˶, ɵÿЦ
̧Լ, Щƣ˵һ, ˿֪
˵Щ
ԥƬ̣ȹŵĵӵ, Ը˹ש͸⡣
̶һ겻ߵ״̬ȫȻͬ
ֶЩпġ
ȡǰѽ, ѰһʵĻ, ɱ塣һ, ˫ֳڵɢģʱЦ⡣
֮ǰıࡣ˳λҪľ͸ʱһ
Ϊ˺ܶࡣ֮ǰҲÿֻ˯һʱ춼ڷǸõƶȣջĸá
˵һ˿Ц⡣
ʵұɹˣǰ˾ͻ֪ն˵ұãҺҸһ֮
¶⡣ҲӦ֪ɡǹ˶
Цʧ̧֡
Ҳ֪йأҲ֪ǹΪ˰Ϊ˺壬һ
ɫΪһڶɾоٵʱģ˿̵Ǿ̫࣬ѾҲֹˡ
һʱ䶼ûлصߵķӦ֪˼飬֪һжôġ
ǹʲô
˵һյвҡвΪĹ
˵ʱ̲סЦЦǰ󷭣۽һˮ顣
ֹĺܺãҵλȶֹһҪκףأֻҪҵۿߵһҾͻܸˡ
ǸˣûΪ˿ҹһ棬ȴ㿴Ǳһ档
̧ͷʱ۽һ˿ˮѾʧЦûˬʣ뿴ûжӡ
ȴľģҧ´
Ҳʮ̫ͣӵݣȴ׷ɱĽѣòײſԼı⵹壬ûرλá
ǻΪЩ£ȴֱǹĺȻָŪǱ
ѣԶ׷Ľź
ֳĬƬ̣ҡҡͷ
Щ㣬ǹ⡣
ǡҪʲô
壬пյֶֻˣ⣬ؼеѲ߾
˴һɵĽ磬һеڽؼЧǣǹĳȴݻƴܣһϢ
ǿڿԼĴ
ҲѾ˹Ӳдĵز
ҪҪ塣еĺֻʣ㡣ȥ̨ʱ˲٣ǹһϢǲŹκһ塣
ﲻΪҰɣǷҲѾ֪óѪ¡
룬ʣĻǼٵģ
СȷΣգɰ֮ǰ˵ֻһΪľ֣Сƽ
ġ˵һжģΨһû뵽ǣǵĿ㡣
ֶԴν
˵ǰûежʵǲκһˡǹ뷨ֻܽбǡ
޷ȱ֤ǵİȫ
⻰һסƬ̡
һֵ̧ŴЦ
û뵽ʱһ࣬»Ҫֹı
ͦõģ̇ͷһüдЦ⣬ûиոѹ֣γĿҵ֮ǰӰӡ
ֹԸⱣңҲܸϺȡ
һ˵ʱٷɿ졣
һҪעǹˣ֮У֮ڶǡǵˡ֮һ󷨣䲻֪ʲôǺΣգȥ޹
ֵͷ
һǡ
һ̧һ
ֽ˹һɫľϸϸһȴϸŲٵͼ
̫ϸСҲ塣
á
ɫĵСľƬ̣Сô㣿
ֹ
ֱˡ
ֻĹܣΪ̫޷ǹػһգֹԸһΨһϣֹܱһա
ˡ
á
߬Сľû˵Ҳûʣڿʱ򣬾֪ľںδˡ
Ȼһ̤ǹľУοǣǶԸ̤Уͬԡ
á
֮µΣ˿Ҳȥһ̽ʱ򣬸˵ѪȷΪ̫ͣ޷ֱǷѪֻк˵ǵȷѪ
һǣԴӼѪ֮Ҳʲ
ܲĻǼӵĿ꣬Ͽն⡣
ʱͬ͡
ֵģҲô󷽷뿪ҪȥεʱȻٵһ䡣
ˮС
һ٣΢΢ͷ
л
뿪ʱʱҪ򵥡
ͬ߶Ƭ̡
ڸ
һжһӰ
̧ۣ֣пʼһֳʪˮ⣬ˮɢеĳʪԽˡ
˲ͷҵŨĵط
˳ĻСǱѺڴ˴
²˳٣һ֣־ǡ
һԾ𣬳˷˳ſеĳٶȥ
Ĺ߶Ľ£ХһӰܿʧ
֮أ֮󷽵һߵ
⻹ͬĻߣǳ׵׵ġ˵Ҳ˼ʮ꣬ҰƵһƬӲݴȴһϡ
ڿᵽĳȷڴˣȻڴ˴ΧһȴޱȸǻպϢ
ʱǸɬġ
̧ǰһһ١
˴н硣
ӰĽһζ
̧֣֪˴
һŴջ
ǲĽȻǽ
ûڸ֪ʱԴȻȻ֪Լ翪߱嶼޷ΨǰԱ
֮еȻ޷
ġ
޷ֻһǰǲܵһʱȥ̽ˡ
޷ֻȹ۲Χ㹻ӡ󣬲˷ȥ
ֻصջʱԨδ
ջ֮Уš
ɫЩ¥ݣڹսǴһק
СŮܾ𣿡
һ㶡
ʲô˼
мżǻǿѹż꣬˵Ǻˡʶģ˽粻֪ΪΣƺȻ񻯣˿Ѿˡ
ֲޱȣ֮ǰ˵ȻˣǲδأôȻ֮Ͷˣ
СŮɣзΰɣ
۵׶ǽ
ֻǵú֮ǰıӻûаԥ˵ȥ
ֲŲͷôֱĺӣԳ˷ڼѰҵȥĹٸλá
˴ˡ
·ָ·ڿзɵͷת򣬿˶ۻ֮лܼǵã͵ļҲ
סڣסС֣ס
ָ·ָ˰죬ֲͷתѰҵС֡
ǲǿܼ򵥵һСլԺſڹź鸮ֵҡ
ҲţֱӴɹΧǽָ·ԺһأûֱӴ˷Уͥһϡ
εſϱɸŻ˺ü
СŮ㻹ǡ㲻˼Ż
գۣһʱ䵹ǸˣЩżɿˡ
Ǹ
Ǹεصͷ
˻֣˰ˣȥɣһ˺úû
Ҳûд뿪һŷ͵Է֮С
Ƭ̺ԷĴƿˡ
԰ļ́ͷϵ֣ʧѪർµȴŬһϵģüѵ⡣
˭ģߣ
ûסչһЦ
ߵˣˡ
һԾܵߣź˵ˣˡ
Һˡ
Ϳ˵ʲôüһض֡
㡭Ϻˣ
л˵


199 
ֵû뵽һ۾ܷ֡
ӽ֮нҪĶȫһԶ˳С
޶ȴĮ˺Ķú
ЩǺи, ͵ġҲûһַʽۡ
˵˵أϢɻǿųˡ
ͼɨ˳, ϢƬ̵Ҳ˽һֶ˵, ֱſСϻ
ǵȺһɫ̧߳̽һº͵
أһɺɫ, , ڱʲô, ִһ̽üʱҽ, ֻΣ
, ôܵˣôأ
üĽһ, ھҪһ, ̧¡Ҫ취
еĵҩʦǰŸ, һЩܵ, ȸ˼š
ͲҽҩǸƷĵҩ־ܸоĳδֿƴ, ӹֱӳȥ
ŵҩ¶ǣ̾Ϳʼ޸ľ
Ȼò󡣺ʹ, ̶̰ʱ, ڵǹܿ콫ҩҩɵ
ʱ, Ҳûš
ڵǹϢҲŲµóѰĵҩ̫ܲá
ļвٵĵ
дһݵĬĬĲϡ
Ķ˵ΨѩЩѰ
ļУħĶ
ȥһħѰѩǣصʱ£Ҳ֪Ѻ϶áͬҲ֪ϵסá
һðյķӡûѩʲô
ȥֻаǲΪһ棬ֻ²ߡ
дһݵֱ
һˣȥæЩõ
˴˵õһЩϡҩģҲֻˡ
Ҳֱ𵤷
Ϣ
ǰ뿪ֱֺӸͶ
ϢǣֲжħϢʲô
Լںܾǰ༫һŮޣﱻȾħԨæγġ
ҲװγеֻԼʱȥѹһѹƵһ䣬Ҹһ벻ڶʱҪ˺͵
͵Ҳ֣ʲôûʣڡ
һɿ
͵ɫ΢һ㣬̸Ϻ˶٣ûǹʴٶʱ
ǿ˲١һһأҹĿ࿴
´֣һηֱʱֻһԵ̡ڼȻһܹӻ̵Ĵˡ

ȵȡ
۴֡
ûʲôʮָɾ⡣
ĻͲδʣȥдš
дʲôֲöֻ֪֪͵ɫ仯һš
ݵءֽչ
˵Ͱ֣л㡣
ٶԼúԶЩɥľĵģҺ֣ҲҺʶ
Ѿҵлˣ˲õлġϸ˵ҲǾǡ
˵
ûк𽵹תʱգҲȥǰ壬ҲԨ޷ķչҲҲʲôͬ
˵һһŪǵƪ¡
ǣóЩƣ롣
ڵȴϢ˵ҵһЩҩģȥϢɡ
ʲôϢ˵Щ¡
Ϣˣֱ壬ɫ΢Щ
ҲΪˣҲҪʲôֻҪһЩ飬һҪʶϾԡ
ǹ֪ͼһըҩ
͵˵һ㶡
ըҩ
Ӧֻһݡ
ҲΣգԼǹķ
ǹ뽫һǵһ֡
ֵǮľЩ
ǹħ塣
ҲֱӽԼ֡
͵ΪܸߣΪεĳҲΪžǿʵĴܣ˴ڷ֮ǰȥ̽顣
ֳĵطǸֵ֡λú⣬ͥһƬ֡
˴ľҶïݴԣƽкܶޣżӣ󣬺С
Ҳϲÿǰȥ̤ࡣ
ֺܴ󣬵ǵ˶ȥĵطûʲôΣ֮ء
ȻڰǰֽȥҲûг
ȥ̽سǾҲһ
ֱȥ˲ŷ֣ڸֵһʯ£һ󷨡
ʱǹ˴ɱǰֵˣȡѪȡǣȡƤһúõ˲֣һƬǽѪȡ
֮ǰǰȥسǾΪײ˲˽ȥ
͵һȥʱץǹĹޡ
ڶȥʱ˸¹ʹ
¹ʹΪ֮¡һսֻȥ
ֵܸ̫̫֮٣Ǹڣִʹ
ʹļл֮£͵һˡ
ʱһЩʱ򣬾˵˽Ѫ
ͻǵ߼Ǹ꣬ϡ٣һֻ
ֻ
ǹֱӶ֡ⱳͲ롣ΨһľǱĳ
㶼
ڰʱڣȥΣÿζǸ˶ݵİ
ֱһΡ
ǹħˡ
ͷ˵ħڹǹʹ˵˫Ҫ׻ȥ
ʹϵһ仰
ħǰʱ򣬾ʱ򡣡
ͺ˵Ѿˡ
ǹѾħǧҲҪ˵ʲôҪġ
ǻЩʲô
һŲֻ֪֪ϢʱĵЩߣЩΡ
֪ˣˡҲΪ˽¡ִЩԺͣ˵ǼŲңһֲġ
ħǧĶͽܡ
ţ޷˵ǣҲ㻯ġ
Щҵծˡ
û仰ֻ֪ӻССŮȻɳˡ
Ѿܱӻһǿˡ
⻹ֻǶ̶̵һʱ䡣
Ҳ͸վϵĶ壬̬
һҪСǹ⣬ֶݣѵ
ּˡ
źȥϢȻոյһ㰲ɺ˵ô໰һܴġӦġ
˺ȥϢԼڴߡ
Ҫڵʱͷ˻
˵㼸ĶͽͷţԼһȫڵϡ
СŮǷҿɲֱȥϣôģ㿴˰ɡ
û뵽ܿǵһ㣬ʵЩ⡣
ȹ£ڵϷ˷Щϡ
ʲôˡ
һֲӡҪʲôʲôѡЩƷҲС
һһָš
Ļʣһˡ
ѩǡ
ÿϧħĶôܵõħѩأ
ˣСŮ
˺ߺһյ裬ʲôعͷ֣ʦŽɶţ
ְѲȫ׼ˣڷϣȹô˵һ㶡
Ű
š
˼ǲƭˡ
ûʲô˼մӽȡ¯Щ̫˼Ǽһ
ڰֲʱһԳƾŵˣ˵СʦõһϢΪƭӣϾϵϢŽв⣬ħһԡ
а۶
ԣ
ֿһ
˵ڸ֡
ԥ£ϣʣû˵Լʲô֣Ҳֻǡأ
룬̫ȷʣ˵շᷳķ
л˵




200 
ʲô˵, ᷳᣬ˵ʲôҲûˣָһΣյ·ʦ֡
ֻζʦԨʶ, ֻҪԨǱ˴˻иӦ
¿ͷۡ
ֻҩ㹻ַ࣬ɸѡһݵҩĳȡƴС¯, ȼ
ʯ¯ûʯ¯Ƚ֮ʵ̫˳ˣֺܿ߶
СС¯ϼȲס壬ǿС¯޷, Ӵӵĵطһֱڲ, һ, ¯ֱԭشת, ٶԽԽ, תȦ˲Ӱ޷巽
ȫȻˣ, ʼڴߵ, ¯
ļӦǵڶô, Ϥ, Լ֪ô
¯תʱԼûиоԱߵǹűײײܳ˷䡣
¯, ˸޷
һ¯Сʱ¯ʱŽɫĵҩ
, Ϣ
û, ȷ絤, ϣʱסˣܸƽ˳һЩ
Щ絤һⵤҩôżҴ뿪ңǽ֪·ַ˻ȥӳҵڳקǰ·
һõǺ˸ſϣôһЩֳһ棬ǿΪ˵
ֵλ˶֪ȻҲǡ
·ִֵֺܿ︣Ķڡ
˵ǶڣһƬǽ塣
ѾҹĻ٣谵ĹһƬɭ޵Ѫڣ˸ҿ
ҲֻѲߵسǾŵսսš
ɭֵıԵ;սݵͱѪˮȾɿݣɫɺɫһѪϢ
ԵĲһءó֮ǰӦúܺã붼˶ʮ꣬ȻЩ֪ʲôϡȥһµ׮ϡͬѪˮݣѾֱ治ľԭɫ
Ϣܡȹߵ̲ס̧ס˿ڱǡ
ýȥ֪߸жôգѹֺ˶Ρ
Ҳ֪Ԩʲôжʦ֣ƭˣȥʱʲô֪Ҳ֪ˡ
ıߣ
ɭֵıԵһܿƬӿЩʵŵ㡣
ȻûнȥϢָ࣬һ
Ŵ˴ǰֱңһŶϵ˵˵ǣ׮Ѫķ򣬾ˡ
ִˡ
Ҳ֪ܰȥʿȥԳһǽȥһûбĻ
㡭
ֲ˵һ֣رҡҡ֡
Ҳȥ硣
룬ӽͳһССʯһܸʯһЩ
ָ˸󷨡
ڴ˴˿㣬ܿüģҲ˲㡣нӡ
ֽʯ
ʯͷȻı
СŮģҾԲ뿪벽
ֻġϾôϧһˣԲ뿪ȦԼΣ֮С
ٺ̧С
˵Ǹ֣ûһ˿ԽԽܸоеɷ
ɵľ룬Χľͱһ⣬֦ܶеġɫĿɫʯͷڵ⡣
ֿĵһۣԺȻȻ뵽ħĿͼʯ
ֽһ١
Ӧûоı仯ûеִħ壬ֻ˵һ£ħѾ˺ħֱӹͨģȫȻħĵط
ǹħ塣
Σء
ڿһŶϵʱ׮һ罦ѪһһƬѰ˷򣬼ȥ
˴Ӻܳѡ
߳أڼ֮俴۵ˡ
ԶԶţִž֪ЩǹĹޡ
ɭѲߵسǾһЩ˾ǹе
ŷˡ
ں棬ЩǵڼϾԨʱǰһʱǰʦҲƭˡ
Ԩ˫ЩЩ͸ڵˡ
ԥ£ӽȡһʯʯһСʯԶԶǼȥ
ź۵ʯУûκϢͨԵڵء
ֽǼʯЩͬڵأһԡ
֣˹ȥ
ϵĽӡӣߵǼǹԣÿ֦ǵĶñ
ñ£ǹҲסһá
⼸һд棬ǻûгȥ
ȻģĹҪ¡
ҲϲֶŪ⼸ȥ档
ԽħħԽԣ˴¹ⶼղһƬľͱ죬֦ѾǶĿһˣͻṥҿͷֲħǰ׼ʯһһҳȥ
ʯ̺ԵĶͬΪףɾһС
ħϢȻ׵ľ
ţǰȻû·ˡһ٣ǰһƬڡ
ô£ԥ£̧տҲͬĻʲôҲ֪δ졣ǰѹѹһƬʲôҲ߱ȫڵִǰĺڰ·һȡ
ֵСģֻ̧һŻǰȥ
̺ϢĻһ֮£ʲôаҵֵ
һºɫǽڻ֮˲ڻɺɢȥ
ɢȥʱ·һ˵أȻޱԨԼվŽɫ˫
Ԩ
ʮֲܿԨ˹ȥδԨͱֵ̧˵

һ㶡
Ԩδͣ˫һˡ
մħΡ
ħΡ
ֽ¶סˡ
žͲʲôö
ǺԨ˫һǶƽ¡
Ԩڸжۣ뿪ȥһС꣬ú÷ɷɣκϱôһħΣԼ֣ȴ޷Ҫһ롣
֣ԥ£ָٽ˸ӡ
ܿ죬۳һӰ
һҪһ㣬һЩꡣ
ӿн䣬ºޣĽźɫһƬë
ӿн䣬ɴۡ

ԣǿ
ǡԨԼԼ
Ǻ޵һ㣬ɵ䵽ֵǰЦ绨
㡣
˵ţֵ̧Ĳͷһͣ֡
л˵



201 
ֺһŷӦʱ, Ѿǵĺ
ֽ§֫˶Ӷĺ
һ, ˫߬ŵĽûȵڵϣʯͷһŽ
, Ԩ
˵
겻ҧҧ´ߺغܲɿֱʮĿô, ʮֲˬɿ֡
ոô˵ôأ
Ԩںվ, űۿؿڿԵ˫
˫û, ƺܲ, üĽ, ֿô
һƿǵĿ˫
ڶʦȥɳĮֿѾкܾöûмʦˣ
ʦ֡
ַ˫ɫЩ԰, С
𣿡
ΣҲ˿ļжʦֵʵȺڶ˶·硣öʦ, , 滹ʲôĶ
˫һԼСʦá𼸸, űǰҪһ㣬ҲʮŨĴô˴ﶼȻɢ, ȻеСʦ˺ܴĲͬ
ʱ޿̲ڳɳ
еĥ¶Ϊһһ۷̨ס
һСˣ¡
˫˵ô˵ġ
˵Ҳ, Ǹոտе̫, ʵ޷͡
µʱ, СʦѾһˡ
˫˵Լʲô飬ֻ֪˱һĻʮ̵ִۣɤۣ̲סԡ
༫ɲʲôöŪһСʦа㲻ԸߵҲúԨһܡ
ǡ
СʦƺûǿڿǱ仯ʱмϲġ
ϲ˳Ĭ߬Žͷȥȴ̲ס˿ڷܵؿȡ
ֲȷǲСˣʦô˵Ҳöʡ
ֻǽǼʦֵһϲ
ǳˣ߰ɡ
һ˽־ΪѰԨͶʦ֡ȻѾѰڵøϽ뿪õĻҪȥһ˺
Ǹ޹ǵ˿ֵıϡҲǸ͡Ҳɡ
Ҫȥҡ
̧Ц
ѽ
Ҳ֪ԨųжãǺͿǵģһ
Ӹֳʱֿµ
ǴʵʵջķΧ֮ڱűۿСЩɪ
ǵõ˲ٵıʮʿҪֻ֣»Ҫ᲻Լ꣬һָͷ
һǷһͷüһȥһˣĸˡ
иոսȥСŮǲԨԼһƭȥꡣ
һſϵ꣬ôô죬Ȼ
Сɣ
Ƴǿǿ°͡
ϵñ
Ц۹˹֡
ܲʶ
ǿ˫ҲǺһЦ
λСոҼǴˣСŮڸ⣬˽ȥˡ
˫ڸ֮һ⣬ֻԨʲô֪ġ֪˭֮ǰѰŻֱȥȻϷŪˣСʦƺһӪģû
ţҵͺá
˫ʵСʦãںδ
˵һջȥáҪȥҺˡ
֪ԨͶʦֶ֪ʲô򵥵Ľ䣬Щü
ȱħһζѩǣܸƳҩˡȱζҩҾֻİ취벻취ǰҵǶźˡ
չ˫ӻҲػ˰Σʱ
䣬˫üͷһ
˵ѩǣħ弫֮صĹ
һ㶡
ʦ֪
˵ѩǣʵħĶ֮Ķ֡
˵ǽйʵϲħ岻̶߱ʾڣö֮׹ǣγ˹
ҲΨһһȥĹͷˡ
Ҳ˼ʺҩ
˫һ
ˣС
˫ħ弸УżȻ֮Ҳȥ˼֮ءżӵҲżԶԸħ壬ΪõҲħ徭˲ɱ
ջһЩսƷҲ
ѩǾ˳õġ
۾һ
ʦ־Ȼѩǣоˣ
²ٶ̸һǰ˵סլ
˿Ѿҹ¶գϡȻ˼һϨ˵ƽҹ硣ΨҵԺյơ
֮ǰҩҲ׼ȫˡ
ҲʶʦִʲôطŪѩǣȸʦֱֽҩ
С¯ٴο¯
ʱΧֻ»ˡ˫Ծ˳С
˫Žվ£¯Ķǲ֪СʦǴӺʱѧϸСʦõĽȴʦŽ̵ġ
ҲСʦôһʼʵ
һһû
˫ſһ䣬³һǿԼҪ롣
һ̣ǾŵӣСʦá
㹻ˡ
Ԩڲ໤
ܻģĵҩȼǸߵģҲôһɼ
˵ҩɲǺġ
нӡϢ߶¯¯⣬ɫĻ𲻶ϡ
Сϣϻаյơ
ƹ΢΢ζ
Ԩֵ࣬ʱ̹۲Ϊ
ߣű֡
һ䷿⣬˫Žڴȴ
Ƿˣҹʱ룬Ѿſڵ̨ϡЩ˯Ź˫Ľűߡ
˫һ˵ĮˣֱŲţ˳̨׹˸ȦԵȥûдһۣŽŷеĶ
¯ƺһľХ󣬸һȴܸоһڲͣӿ
ܲеڲߡ
δȡǼע˸߶¯
޷̡
̣ԨȻҲ̡
Ψһ̵
ǲͷˣΪ˶࿴һۣǿڷжһҹʮ֣ʧһź֮С
һ¯һһҹ
ҹ¯ϿէȻŷһɫĹâɫǳɫ
ɽҲ˲Ϣʧ
ɢȥ¯Ϩ
ۡ
ǰСС¯Ѿͣһһҹת
֡
¯¯ԷƿһɫĵҩշС
ŵҩš
۾һ
ˣ
˵ҩְֲõ̻صڼȥѺˡ
Ȼõ֮ǰһ壬ǱɵЩһĵҲ٣ڴϣ𲻵
ǰ˯أϡŵһϢ
ʱһŵҩĿС
ҩڼһɳԣ˲ӵȫ
ֿðһɹ⣬Ȼûм䣬ʶһ֣ͻС
ҩԣҲϵĹֱյ峿ֲеĵҩϢȫϣųȥ֡
ڻ֮С
˵ǵõɵ޲壬˿˯޸Լ
ûдźͣһ۾ͷ´ᣣקקԨӣųȥš
峿¶ˮЩء
洵ŷ絹Ƕ˼ˬ
һ˸Ƿ
ḁ̇̄Ǻ׷
ˣ
Ԩʵһɼҩǰ֮ˣҪôһŵҩҪôѺôվԱߣԨܸоƺǺķ˲ٵ
˵ǰֻǳ̫ôʱ˿̫ɽ̫𽥺𻨰꣬ġ
ִ˸Ƿ۽һˮĹǷ¡
šû뵽Ȼôۡ
С졣
ڿ͵ʶľ͸Լôȥûпһ⣬Ǿڵǰɵȥô
ʵϣڵһ
ܹǿﵽһѾǼԼˡ
ԨЩۡ
˯һ
Ҳ˯һ룺Ҳû̫ʱ䣬㱧˯һɡ
ĺܺãԭΣССһԨ˯һˡ
Ԩüͷһȴֱ˫ֽᱧڻֵ˵࣬Ƶһ£ԼУĻ
ã˯
סˡ
ԨĻУѰСͤеʯ˰죬ǿ˵Ҳ֡
Ԩ롣
˼˯
ԨҲǲԣֻڱ˼жЩʡ
δ䣬еŮȻһźɫС꣬βͳԨֱһ¡
ԨЦЦͷʲô
ֵβϡ
ҡ
ֻջβͣԨȴǽβʹӼϸࡣ
֡
ֵβţݵСǰЩࡣ
ı塭Щˡ
л˵



202 
ûзӦԨ˵ʲô˼βͼǰ, ֲſԼβͼɫˡ
ֵļУԼβͼһСɫë࣬ڻɫëëֻǵ׺
βͼ⳹ױ˰ɫ, ѩ׵ëɾֱ䡣ͻɫë֮䣬ֻĽ佻ɫ
ʶΣԨ뿪, Լβͱڻϸ顣
¶˺βԨĿϡȻĺͬҲһɫë֮ǰҪ, Ҫѩ׸ɾ
ֱԼβͷ˻
Щ, Լϰ˽ڷ仯־Լβͼİëëôȥ£ΪĻ屻, γ˲, ıҲʼű仯
һ, Ҳֻôһˡ
룬ѵ˵oϵı壬һֻ׺
ԾҧԼβͼ⡣
, Լһͷѩ׵Сꡭе㲻̫, ϲɫëëů, ɫ, ̫ˣ䡣
ͦÿġԨֵĺЩ֡
ֵСôɰ
ֶ˶, ͷ
Ҫȫɰɫͺá
Ԩ֪뵽ʲôЦǳǳ
ǲᡣ֡
ֺԨ仰˼
˺ܶࡣǵ, , һͷɫС, ҲȾһĨoϵĴ֮ףıʼջѡ
ҲoϻڱģΪԼѡ
һЦ
û
Լ
峿¶ˮʧһһˬķſʯССһǹһʱʱ˱ԨĻСԨ§һֻһż
ƺǲеСˣ
˯ˣ
ۣ壬󱳿ԨĻУȥԨǱ顣
˯˶ã
Ԩ鱾ݸ˵ʱ
ʱ鶼סˣſʯ˯֮Ԩͱô˯
˯ʱԨʱԲʱһ
ָϽԨȣԱߵԲĵ
ԨЦЩ
ɿЩ
Ҽһ塣峿ʱ˶ЩġҲΪ˯ʱ˸о档
öˡ
ַԨǶĹżּʲݣ˺һϳһ޵ļ¼
׫дⱾ޺ħ巢һʺ󷨵ɽͣʼȥһ崫ħȥ
˰޸ģ˷󷨡
˴ħ崫
ⱾƬζڽ޵飬Ϳģֻвһἰ󷨡
ֿ󣬺鼮̧Ԩ
ǴӸֵõ𣿡
Ԩס
û
˵Ҳá
ǰֵʱǹһʹʱ
Ԩһʼ㾪Щˣֻ̽һ´˴ΣȻǹʹײѰСආԨ
Ԩ޷ֻܳ֡
ɱ˹ʹеõⱾż
Ԩ²ɱʹ֮Ӧòеһʹˡ
Ժȥֻ֣ҪԵĸࡣ
Ȼ˵ûʲô
ֿⱾżţΪ󷨻֮С
Ǹޣ˳ǸħץˣⱾżȻ䵽ħСħõֺǹ͵ħǹӵһѶԸĵ㡣
ǿԴԴǰⲢǾͻڴˡǿͨɻԼȴС
Щ֡ü΢
ԨȴЦһ
̸ʲô֣󷨾ǹŴˡ
һ㶡
ס
Ŷû󷨣ôǹҲãħҲãֻ޻أȫԽǶ֮ڽ
󷨡
Ԩ΢΢ҡͷ
ʱֻһۣʦˡ
Ƚ׼Ԩ˫ȫǱƭġΪԼСʦСϵйɱһ·ɱЩˡ
Ԩ֪ԼСʦͬţֻܳȥ
ôһ˫֪СʦòԨҲʱ䣬˫һ۷պڰ·Ѱ֡
ҵĻʦֵģԨƲʵ
ָ˵֪ԼҶʦֱƭȥ֣ɺȻ飬˵·ϣ֪ʦҲڡ
Сصɴۣ򶨡
Ԩֻе˼֪һԼҲǲˡ
СŮ˯˰ڱ˵ĸȻһӡҲ֪ʱȥһڣҡӣִľƻӱ湫ӡ
ЦǺǴ߹ԶԶԨ͹˹֣ƤЦ΢ա
ȡˡ
˵ˡ˵ڵȻȫγʱĵϢȻָ˺ܶࡣ
˿
ȻˣǺֻҪϢͺã֮ǰ֮ˡ
Ҳʦ֣ʦֻѩּɺϵ顣
Ҫȥһۡ
ȥʱŴڴϢֿɫѾתҲ˿ûдš
һоˡ
Ѿ赣ĺˡ
Сʦá
ֻ˫ὣվ󣬿
ʦֿ֣˫Цü䣬˹ȥ
˺𣿡
˫ˣһҹϢѾöˡ
š
˫ŽֻһֻĬ˺һƺ˵ʲôǵȴֻ˵һ䡣
ʦ˵ڴˣ㡣
лʦ֡Ц˵̫ˡʦ֣ħǱߵ𣿡
š
˫˵ˡ
˫һħ˼µʱ䣬޶ȴĮһȫˡ
ҲΪˣ뿪ͬǳҲ뿪ĮˣСһŮһԭɽӡ
ʦ˵һԣ˴Ҫǡһʦ
һ㶣һʳ
ʦռ
˫ʵһ㶣֪ԼСʦû֪ʦĿұ졣
Ȼ
˫ֻô򵥵˵һ䣬ֲֽһ䣺ʦʦʦԴӰǰ𣬾Ͳôˡ
𾪡
ʦȻʦȻ֪
ʦֵӦʦΪռһԡô˴ЩʲôΣգԼʦʦһ
ֺһŽʵ
ô˵أҲ⡣Ͼʦú̳ܶ࣬ͽܸרʦ֣ԭΪʦıޣͲЩ֮¡
ֻ˵ʦʦһöʦպþ˺һ
˵һеɺϣʦǰ֮
˫ڣҲȫۼں鸮ϡ˿̺Ѿްһ뿪
Ȼһб顣
ֺԨ˫ǰڵĿջ
ѾˣǴ˶÷ʱһ˴һߣ·̨ʱƹĿһ䡣
¥ַĿˣ
ֽһ١
ţ
ƹЦǺ˵ˣҹһλӣ˵ѣõڣ͸ôһպá
ƹĴȡһŷݸ֡
ֽӹֻʯ֡
֪˸ŵ˭
¥ص䡣
Ԩ
˭ţ
Цҡҡŷ⡣
²ġ
뵱ڳ༫ԨʼղϲʯʯڵģҲϲʯɡ
˫ֻһֵĶ֪һȥˣ벻ʶġ
Ҳûж⣬ȥһԼĽ
ִŷ⡣
浹Ҳһţһ
֣㱾ԼǰҹԼ㡣ҹѰҲδȵ峿Ҳ㡣²µ˸Լ޷ҽռ㡣ҹʱ㷿вɢ˵ᣬһͼбʶȡ
ʯµȻˡ
ʯʱ˵ַ˵ǹϵ֮ǺˣǶʦ֣̫ʯ
ôĻʯ춼ûеȵ
һЩˡ
ɵ̧Ԩİʱ
Сһ£ðһԺ
ɱ
л˵


203 
˳ǹĿԾصµԴ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲô, ܾԨҪһּġ
ڿԼɪɪ
ԨԼС꿴һ㵭˭ţ
ʵʵش𣺡ʯ
͵
ǰʯԼҪ, ȴæδ
Щ̾˿һκú˵Ƕǻµˡ
Ԩʯ֣۵׸ֳһ˿
Ȼ
ʮǰִӳ༫뿪, ʯҲ뿪˳༫ѰҹôҲҲʯټǴʧһ
ʯ, ĳֵʧ, ʼնһԨΪʵʡ
һ޷ݵɷ, ʯʼƽƽ, ºͺ͵, Ҳɷ
Ԩʼһԭ
ԨģĪȻһɷҲһ, ƭЩɷˡҲɱ, ֽһ޺Ĵڡ¡
Ԩ˲Ҳһʶ, ԨĲϲʯ
Ҳ֪ȥ֮便ʲô, ֻǱһ㣬ʯеĺˣ, һġ
ͲҴʱ䣿ôš
ԨȻǲʯ, ʯ˵ҲԨ, ˻ǲҪĺá
ȻԨȴ΢΢һüܿ˽𣿡
ָͷ, ˵˵Ĳû⣬ǲ֪ΪΣܾԨе΢
ⲻ㲻ϲ𣿵ҲûмıҪˡ
˵
ڳ˫һİ֣Ҳ˵İСʦøʦŵʱҲ̸һѵģƺǽ֡
˿˺ԨϵǢ
˵ݲǢﻹôһЩԼ
˫Щ档Ԩ̶εļȻ˽λ༫һ档˵ôһЩᶯҡĵطžСʦáСʦϲɡ
ʲϲǵĴڣ벻¶СʦѿǵһԨ̹¶Լˡ
Ǹʯģʲôˣ
񲢲ʵʱƺЩ̫Ԩ̬ȣԨ׷ʵ֣Щͷ۵̧ǡ
м£ҵøһˡ
֮ǰ֣Ϊ֮ǰδӴ磬Щ޷͸оǶڵʱ˵̫ܲɷʲô
ԼſǺʯйصģһ
˫ѾССϢƬ̣ôǣֱŶȥ˸ԨķϢ
Ԩһˮ죬˵
Ǻʱʯһģ
Ԩʵ
ָһ
༫ʵ̫ˡһʱȥʯĵһμ棬ȻЩģġ
ʮǰһ׷һֻ׷¡ŬһʯĳԼ˺һЩȷģļһжЩģģ
еӡģϾһڳ༫һֻ˾ĺֻһֱɣӿнˮ۸õʱС޷ܣԭΣһ·׷˹ȥ
Ҳһ֪༫һңԶĽ¡
»һ֮꣬󣬾ͰһԴ
Ѿǵʱ˵ʲôʲôӡֻʣһǳǳӰӡ
Ǿʯˣ˷ɡ
ڶȥƺҲߴȻȥǧյƵšʯһӡ
֮ʯͳΪѣȥѰ档һʼ˵˵ȵڳ༫ԽԽ¶ԽԽʯ˵
һʱ䣬ʯ޻̸ĺѡ
ԨʱȻЩࡣ
֪ʯڳ༫ģ
һ㣬Ҳʮֲ⡣һֱиԨϲʯʯڳ༫˵ҲһصĴڡǳ༫£Ԩȥʲô¡ҲΪ༫ȥһЩ¡
ʯڳ༫˵һӵĿˡ
ҡҡͷǼʮδʹ⣬Ҳûȥƺĸһжһʼʹڵġڴ֮ǰεģ
֪
ԨԥƬ̣Ÿֽһ䡣
ʯɷɷѹǺĹɷ
ᵽԨòһνǺӵ¡
ʵ༫ʱѡȡĵַһƬߡ׹Ѫаɷ֮ء
ںԽаɷĵطʱ༫ĿԽϡ
ǺǱûĹս
ɷ죬Թɢ
ԨԴ˲Ǽ򵥴ֱýϣûʲôѹ
ڽǰʱʯš
ʯҪݾӣԸ༫ṩ
ΣҪԨʯĵһ۾ܲϵɷȫǺµĹս
ɷѹԽӿǺӡ
ԨȻǴӦ½˸ʯ
ںʯĿľʲôҲںʯʲôϾʯʲôʲô뷨ڣ޷ʵ֡
ֻû뵽µȻ֡
ֻᱻֻյ£ʯ
һˡ˵ǻˡԨʯƶϣǹս֮ɷεĶˡ
סˡɴۣŲֶʶ߬ˡ
Ԩָ뵽Щ̵ģĶЩ졣
΢üġ
Ŵૣɷ
Ϥ
Ӧ֪ʲôǸ𾪵ǣʯȻɷ
ȫϣҲԼΪԨʯ̬ȡ
Ļʯȫı
¶һжģġ
ҲıʲôӰһʲôˡ
ɷ֮ڣھ־аɷཻܷ
Ԩεؿ֡
᲻ʼֵġٲϲʯȥȥҲֻȥֱ
ǻʼΪֿǱɷӰ񣬲ȥʯ
ҲǸʱӦװ׸һС
֪֪Ƿڵʱʲô֣ɷʲô֪˵ЩҲ޷⡣
뿪༫⾭Щ
һжмѭġ
ʯǻˡ
룬ôش
Ҳʯɷ֮ڣཻʯļʼôƽ
ûһл¡
ԨĬƬ̡
ϣҵծ
ҵծֻ˵飬𺦹޹֮˵
ƾһָʯһҲԡʯǳϵĺˡ
ԨָıʯĿֻҪ֮ǰȫȻȥԴʯ
ѾʲôˣҵծʲôҲ
һЩãȻʯĹȥʲô
ҲȥʣֻҪʯǸ޺º͵꣬Ǻѡ
ҹѾˡԨڴϾᡣ
ֵࡣʯҪɡ
Ԩķø˫Ժͬסһ䡣
ͦãԭ˯ڲƤСȻԨɲôΪС˯ΰˣͰСŲԼߡ
˯˯Ԩʶؾβ͸Ԩһ
Ԩڱβëë޷һȫϸССëеӰġ
ҹԨԼߵС꿴
һŵС˯ɵĴβ͸ڽϣء
СȻë£ʱҪ΢һˡ
ԨС꣬䣬βͣǸˡ
ˮƵĺˮ峺ƯظǸ˯ѡ
űԹѽ
˯
Ԩ
̧β͸סԼ
Ҫ
Ǻãôôط
Ԩ룬֣סСβͼ⡣
ֻôСһţҴβͿʼҧ£һһڰҧҪã
СըëԭһŮ˽ȥ
ҧ꣬Ҿ͸ҧ㣡
ڱ͵ء
Ԩóѣ˹£űӴ֣§뻳С
ǹһĨǳЦʡ
ҧ
ڱֻоһֻڱ涯˶Ƭ̺Ԩ׼ץ֡
ˡ
΢΢ָۣȥ
Ƥϸ壬ָһһȥʵС
ֵָǶ˴
ȫһ
Ӳأѹʱпĵط
Цһ
ҧ
ջָ
Ųҧء
ƭꡣ
ҧһڣԨ϶ҧġ
ȻǺݼ⣬ԨӲģҧҲ϶ǳԿġ
ҧ𣿡
ԨƺЩź
֣һӷɿ찴Ԩĸϡ
ҧ
ҧ鲻ҧɲᶯСֶΡ
˻һƺ˿ȡ
ָűӺţԸоԨˡ
Щգգۡ
һӦáû°ɣ
˯ԨźƽͣУЩߵġ
л˵

±ȽϲȶһԪȽϷӣһβָмдررٶĸ֮ǰ


204 
ָܵĳһв, ʵʵűһֻͶ
̫ƣ룬ֺܿŹž͹ԨĻ˯ˡ
գֺԨ, ֮мǸ߹顣
жСͱС󷨺Ժģȥ
Ϊֻ֮Ԩһȥ
ʦҲ϶ʦһǰȥ׵ġ
ִϳӶԲ, žȥ˸ڵš
˫ҹڷ½磬Ըڷκζҹ
ʱŽ׼ȥһӣҲ, ʦһ, һһ, һ, ô򵥳㡣
ܼ, ʶʦܲܺͬȥ
˫ֿ֪еС㡣ںܾ֮ǰ뿪༫ĵһ˾ǺµǸС㡣ϵ֮ܲطһ־˲ٵĺѡ
뿪ʦʱ˫ûл, ֻ˵ʦǱһŽȥġлЩ, ϾСʦ˵֮ʶһ־ʲô㼱Ҵǰ, ھˡ
ԭǷд, Ҳֵĺѳ²˼ææ
˫оЩ΢ľֿĻ߹⣬һȻרԺġɵ뵽ǲ˹һУĿľСʦˡ
Ͼڵĺ嶼޼, ϸ˵ҲֻСʦãԼһֻ˵, δ, ׬ʦǮĺꡣ
Сʦ֮д̨, ʶ˲Ҷӡġ
Σ˫öֻ֪֪һ£ιλ֮ǰһλɲǸö
˵һֵ֣˭أ
֮ܶ϶һ£¶СʦΣ϶ҪԱߵġ
˫ɴشӦ
ָʦַ̣ʮֺظ
ʦַģһᱣġ
˫̿
áҿ㱣ˡ
ȷ˶ʦ֣¾һˡ
ֻҪԨͶʦͬУѵĵطŶûκġ
οĵԿһ£ڵǺġ
ֺԨĶʦ֡
ָоǰ浲·ǹ޷ӪСĽŲ
ʯͷ΢ˡ
¾㱸ֻǷ硣
ڿʲôʱȥȽϺá
ûоأջƹĸ¥ŵʱ֮лһš
ġ
ִһȴϢ
֣պ磬Ϊ˹ʦĵףʱǰ䱸ɭϣƫԶһЩĵطǾ͹˼ˡ
Ϣֿʱڸʲôʱ֡
ʦ
ֲһױˡ
ǵĻҲʮݷһٰ⵹һλɹûĽɽ
ΪʦˣҪôʲôŵĳϣڹϱӻġҪôνĹʦǡǹĳλ
ָǹ
ʵΣպܵõˡ
ڸ¥˱ߣɫ𽥰뵽ҹյǷš
ʯ˼ǣҹм
Ҳ֪ʲôʱ
֪ʯɷ֮Ҳ룬ǸôʯǺ֮ǰһ̬𣿻˵ֱʯ
ֵſϣٷ۵ϼһ
¥ſ¿ϵ˼ûˡ
ͷβĲݾͿʼʰӹűտͣ·˶ǽ´ҴҵŻؼҡ
ģѲ߾
ֻ֣Ѳ߾Ѿһ
ѲسǾ֮УѾʿˡ
̧һ㣬Ұʱ١
еѲ߾еϡֻŵʿλýĶУһʿ
Щ˵Ϊ̫΢ˡ
Ǳ鲼ֻҪΣ޼¡
ĿǰѲ߾ǹ˵ûаƲ֮
Щ̫
򴽶¥½Ѳ߾һ
ľûʲôҪǻûʲôʿһĻԶˮǾȲ˽ġ
ֻأѲ߾
ڵĿջλûƫƧġΧʢΨһƾǴһ·ڣܿü˷
һ¥´˼Ϣֱ塣
ַ΢΢ͷ·
յֻʣһɫ߲̫ãҺ׽װڰӰ֮СⲢֿسǾ֮еˡ
ով͸оЩ΢ȥѲ߾һꡣźΧһģһĿףֳֳΧѲ߾һѲߡ
ܴ⣬ҲŨ
Ϥġ
ͦ⣬û뵽ΪϯӵʢؾȻҲ֮СѲ߾
տԶ϶ڴ֮ǰδѲ߾֮мʢء
Ӧʱġ
ֿˡһЩˡʵһڽŷֿʱ򲢲Ǻ
壬ǹ򹴽ᣬΪһͿɱ͡
صʦžǰ˴Įûʱ䣬ȻֶȻҪú˷ķ˶֪ǸʲôĶˡ
ſ϶ʢؿƬ̡ΣʢػǾʹҪôǸŽжҪôʢѾڽˡ
ԥƬ̣ȻȥΣһɳ¥
ֻڵλÿ̫Ƭ棬ܿѲ߾̫ûвοֵöȥһЩĵطѲ߾
ֲ߶ϣԾ˼طҪһ·ĳǽˣֱҹĻ٣˲¶ʮѲ߾дˣ۷ȥ
ûдѲ߾֮г˲ٵʿƫԶһЩĵشֵʿĵӡڿ֮ԼΧѲ߾֮лнʿ
ҲвʮʿѲ߾Ѳء
ôʿǱȻ˽˵жҪôϱߴּ⣬ҪôĳЩ֯ġ
룬ļĻ
Ҳ˵ﲻáļţʵڲǻȨ֡
ǽž͵ġ
ڽžҲ֪֪Źǹ£֪ǲ֪
ֻصջʱԨڸ¥ϣӰշ˻Ҳʣֻ̧̧°͡
λˡ
ֻδüԨ˵ֵأ仰֪νĿ˰˳ɾʯˡ
һȦССĸ¥ֻԨˡλ˲ûбԨ¥
ȥʡ
Ԩһ̧Ҳ˵ҪЦӡֺټƤЦⲻЦ
ܿң
֣Ĳ˼˵׻ΪļԨϲʯǸٹ̵ġ
޷ֻһ˳¥Ʈȥ
ʱ¥ƽĽŲ
ҹĻһµһյƣģ
ŵֺԨҲ̸жپȣ΢΢̧̧üͷ
¶һȻЦݡ̧߽˸
֡
ʯˡָָԱ˵ʯΣʾʯ
ʯҲȻؽյƷֽűߣԼ°Աߡ
һпɺã
룬˵á
⼸췢еࡣ˵ôһĲá
ʯЦ
Ԩ
ڳ༫ĴҲΪϡ١
ʯ΢΢ס
ҲЩ겻ˣղ𣬻Ҫ֡
ԨŽĿĵʯϡ
Ϊ֣ʯû뵽ô˾߾ȻҲһʯ
ҵ֮Ψһҵһǣʯֲһ
ûбɷӰꡣ
ȻˣͲٻȥˡԨɴ˵
ҪʯɷȥѹǺµԹǿʯʯ뿪༫ʱǿҲʯˡ
Ԩ˵仰һ֡
СִҪʯĻ
Ԩ̹Ȼ룬޷ĳ༫ֵģϦĲˡ
Ȼһಢδ
֪
ʵ֮УҶ˵ʯڲ²Ӱʲô
ϾѾ˵ֻҪϢܾǰʯӶʱˡܸõȥһСҲͬûôʯ
֮У˵ĹϵһҪģֻҪǹңĳʱĳȥĳ˾㹻ˡ
ʯ㲻£ǵĹϵô¶ȻҲټʱ
ģ뿪ʱûȥ
ʯЦ˵´лȥǶ
Ԩÿɷ
ʯ֪ĿǰҲ֪仰ֻһס
ʯ֮ĹϵҲƽȲĹϵ
ʯ˵䣬֡
ֳʯϣĵŽţͷƺڿΧʲô
֡
ʯһ䡣
ֻعͷ
ҹĻѾ٣ԲԲձصڸǣסƲΧһȦһ˿⡣
ָոնôôֲ̫õĸо
ôǣ۽ü΢΢Щ´ȥ͵ĮЩ
ʯ˶٣ֿƬ̣ΪԵģ΢ЦЦ
ҪҰȥ𣿡ʯЩǳЦ⣬ȤƵ֣Ȼȥ༫ǰһġ
Ԩ仰Ŀںһۡ
뵽ڶſڵĻУڳӰ顣
ӡ
ʯôɵ˵ֻ˵Ѿһʲôϡˡ
»ٱӡ
һֵӰ鱻˳Ļ֮Сôµģʲôӣ
ò˵Ԩ̶̵һ仰Ӱ顣
ּ̾Ͳһ㣬Ҳ֪ΪΡԨ΢΢üһ̣ܸ֪Ĳ졣ĿҲˣô̶̵һ˲жһۡ
̧ؿڣһСŻ
ô£һ˲Ԩͨ
ЩãȻĿԨϡ
ޱǶҹĻ֮УԵʮӲЦⶼޣһӰ
ֺһջĿ⣬Ѿʯ˵ʲô˺һ
Ŷ˵ǸѽѾˡ
ǳǳЦЦ
ѾǸĬģֻܰԼѹСˡ
ڵһеοҲлΪѹ͵͵ȥӵʱˡ
ôʯͷ䣬̧ͷһЦ⣬ãЩĵȷ
֡˰
ʯ˸пһ䡣
ö겻˿Լı仯ֻе˵ġ
ؿ˻ȥ
ʯҲǣЩ꿴Ĳ֮ǰЩһˡ
ʯؿ
ﲻһˣ
ָո˵ǿףҲʵ顣
ʯۡ
ô˵أڿʯĵһܷ֣ʯǸʯɺ͹ȥʯȣЩ΢Ĳͬ
˵ᣬȷġĵƺһ֡ᶨ
ʯһ㣬ݼᶨʯ˫۵׾ͶһЩ㣬˵֮ǰȻͬá
ʯ֮ǰ˺ܶɡ
ܸˡô˻ش
ʯЦЦ
ô˵Ļǡʯ̹ͦϵأҽȷܺã֮Ҿ͸ˡ
ֲ˼ؿ˿ա
Ϊˣʯ˲ٵİȴûܰʯġʱʯǿܸˣڶȹʼĸ֮ʯѾûкܵϲˡ
Ż˵Ӱɡ
Ҫֱʯɷ֮ʼˣҪЩʲôôΪˣҲʯ
˵̫һ㡣Ц˵
ʯ۾УŶ˻
ЦüΪ㻹и˵ġ
ʯ㶣ôһ˲֣֪ʲô
ʲôҪҰڵҺܶ鶼ܰġ
һ߸ʯ˵ôһ߰ؿ˿Լ
仰˼֪ʯûУһԨȴ˸װס
ڼʯĲôãֵĻ󣬶ԵôǳȤԨ΢΢ûԼСķ
ֻЩССĵУЩ̧°ͣ¶ƯߣϸҹĻ֮µӰӣҲƯġ
ԨɵЦ
ǽС꣬ĿԼСꡣ
ȵʱôûзءϲֿ佱ĻһŷúĻװһ𣬲˵
ԨһһƺǻģֵС
һ㶣нӹԨӡĵͷ˿̧Ԩ
ԨȻһĿ͡
ǶСĿ佱
־Ȼˣ˼СӣͷҧŴסЦ⡣
ǵģôԿأ
Ԩô֣ѽ
ʯۿ˵СȻЩˡ
ݸıҲ֪ǻ
Ψһȷһָı죬жһһǶġ
༫еͷһ졣
Сꡣ
ֻڵͷӣЦе߸Сֻʯƺ˵һʲô
û壬̧׷˾䡣
ո˵ʲôˣ
ʯ̾
˵Ȼ֪ΪǴ˴ûг༫Щس༫
⻰˵Ϊʲôġ
룬һκʯ˾ļ棬ʮǰû뿪༫ʱ
֪СĴڣҲ֪ھӣ̨֪ԼʶЩǡ
һ뵽Ҫ£ҪŽǰߺöö顣ԥ죬ѡ졣
ҹʲôõʱ䡣
´ΰɣ´εʯ̸ܹĻᣬϸϸ˵
֮лиѡҪȥ
ֻ룬ʯĻֻʡµˡ
˭ʯȻʲôûʡ
̧ͷһա
ҹ֮еɢȥһְ¹ա
ġ
ԼһԨ
СģҪڲ١СԨϴŵأֱһסֱֿ̧
Ǽ⡣
ǿģһˡ
ԨıôһǸסˡ߬ӣӵѡ
еأֶ䶼ˡ
ʯˡ
һյơ
ҹˣ±㲻Ŷλˡ
Ҳ
Ҫ𣿡
ˡ
ʯת׼ߵʱ򣬺Ȼعͷ
⼸տܻдꡣ
֣Сʪ
л˵

첻£


205 
ֵǲ֪ʯȻῴ
ڶꡣ֮, 䵽Ľϡ
ƴ⿴ȥҹһֱһжʪģ·ϳ˴ŶҵѲؾ, ˡ
һʺϸɻµĺԼ٣Ĩȥ껵֮ĺۼ
һҪֵ׼, ˸֫ǣȥš
Ԩҹδ˯ͥԺ, ڷסŵ˫
ǲûп䷿, Ԩó, ˫ʮֵؽˡ
ڿԨﶼ˳, ǰ徲
һһ䷿, ҲһЩ顣ҲܰһţͿš
֮ǰ˵õ, ҪһȥӪֵǸС顣
վ׼õʱ䡣
˫Ž, , СʦõǸҪôƵľȳ, Ⱦȳ֮󣬿һֵСǸʲôˡ
ֻСȰ˵ûϢõĻҹ굽ǳ, Ͳϲ졣ֵϢòá
¥ʱ, Ųîʱ, ջĴûжˡ۵ľڿһԨ
һϮˮɫϵһɫ˿, ƺڵȴ֡»¶ϵǿ
߹ȥŷ֣ģ֪ԨʲôطŪ˲ٵĺóԵġ
мһǰɫıǵϡżɫĻ䡣Ҽղſһˡһ䶹̵İ׻һϺʻֲ̳ɽ˿ģƴһԱһſһĶԲɰʻ
Ա߻мóϵ̹յĲɫѴ׵֭ϣɫ֭ɽְپ
Ԩ࣬Աһ˫ӡ
ӹֲŷӦ˺ǳ༫ӡԨ߼
ǵױȲ̴ԨߵλأֻżȻڴ֮С
һŻһ˼ǵסҲΪʲôλصӵһ㡣
˵˿ִȡһСѷֵǰȴһƬϹࡣɫΪ嵭ʵȴһСֵ࣬ʯ
ֵҲںļֵֻ࿴嵭ȴ˱ǣžͺʳ
뿪༫֮ʳһٽѵʱֻܿне⸬ӡҲûרŸʲôʲô궼һʱ䱻Ƶֻ߲ܳˡȶ֮ڼһʲôģնǼӲˡ
ϸʳһγԻڳ༫
ֲᷱҲϲԺóԵģʴ⣬ȳڹڣſӿԡ
˫ʱƳһۻݳ޵ͣƳԨֿ²֣Ȼ֮ǰСʦǹô
ϸʳʦţֲ赭ʱҪزˣС궼ˡ
༫ҲһǴ
͵ڼ䣬ԼΧôһЩӰӡɿԨûκηӦž֪ˣЩӦǳ༫ˣԨġ
ͦõģҲ֮ǰʱ˶ûС
ϲԺóԵģθ㲻ϴ󣬳Եòࡣ
Ԩûôԣȫ̶·ڷżῴһ֣Ƴһ˫Ƕ˫žԵĿҲ˵˫ʱǷݲϲ
Ԩˣϲʦţϲÿһλʦʦ㣬ʦԼǸɽ崦һƬءδϲЩǻἫܽŴʦһС
ҪģԼ˫һ˿ϲ
Ԩһ͵ʱ䣬ֻ֣Ҫ뷨˫֣ƺһжԵø˳
Ҳ͵һٷĹ˫ʱԨسЦЦ
ʦ֣δЪðɡɡ
һֽɡݸ˫
˫һ类ҭסı飬ʵһѾһǿϿԨѺá
ϾСʦѡˡ
ȻٻЩԽܣЩ
ˣһ̹ˡ
л
˫ӹԨɡתֵݸֵʱȴԨѾӽȡһɫĳֱֵϡ
Ķñֵͷһ
ʣ΢˵Ƿ꣬žܷסʿһ
϶Ԩ
ˣҪҪڿջϢҺͶʦȥͺˡ
ֻǵԨжټ֪Ԩԭ򣬿죬ͻԨ
Ԩ΢΢̧ǲ˵ֻһ̡
޷㡣
Ҳ޷˷
οʱȻҪֵࡣ
졭
Ծ͡
ոǰʱһúܺá
ֵشҲȰˣתʵ
ǰȥôŪ
Ԩֱ֦ӵͷ
˼Щ
˫ȻûԵĻ˾ǰ
ųĶһ֪Ԩģ滹ϢڶЩ΢Ȥζ
С˶١
ֵķشȴûм̿⣬ˮʪһУϴĸɸɾⱡһЩˡ
ѲؾĶУҲһЩʿ߹ʱԼһ˿̧ͷĻ֮еĽͷȴʼտһˡ
ɵԾϷƬĻͱ֮ԾҲҿŶҵϢܺ÷ֱѰңȻɵֱ淽򶼳⡣
һ̽·һξᳵ·ԨͶʦֺܿҵǽ
ǽ⣬һԾϣ㵽ǽϾԼ֣Ľƺǿˡ
Һһ󷨡ԼҲ޷һʱֱķġ
Сʦھͺˣ϶һ֪ʲô
ԥ£סȲ
󷨵ʲô̧˵ɶ
ĿľǾȳС㣬ǾҪý֦ǳ鷳
ǽͷԵƬ̣˫Ԩ
Ƚϳɡ˫Ŷ֣Ԩ·ĻУûκηߣȴһ궼䲻ϡ
ֻֻʱԼ˫пϤַꡣ
Ǻܲϲ졣
ǷʹҲֱܽΪֹ
׾ٴΧ
ҲΪ֮꣬е㲻úɭϣܿвٹڵϢ
ǰ·׾ƿЩܿҵߵĹ
ȽһʱһߵĸܲһѹֵϢ
Ԩָ߹ʱ̧ס֡
ֻ
Ļ֮УԨ΢΢ü
ǣҡ
֪Ϊο⴦ķϵĸĹЩ̫ġ
ֹɵطס֣¶һ̵Цݡ
ǰʲôҶᱣġ
Ԩԣüչ¶һЦ⡣
ãֱҡ
㱣ңһݳ͡
С۾ʡ
ʲôͣ
Ԩǰ
˵ʱ˫ѾԽˣޱĿʼ鿴
Щֻ˽˵ǰڴֵǰԨҲҪġ
ȡֵһǣߵ̨ϣͷѾ˲ĵС˵ȥ㡣
Щˣջһˣ
Ԩģһϲģ
¶һϲЦ⣬¶˼֡
ߵŴһ˿ɫڵһȦ
һ磬ΨҺ޷
ԨѾˡ
˫󷨲УֻСʦܾо󷨵ģҲ֪һ
ֵĻ󣬴Ҳжϡ
Ԩ̧ͬʱ˫Ҳγ˽һնŽŴƽǡ
һ̣ʲôڿˡ
һϸӹڴ
·һת˲ʧ
ϵЦ⣬鶼֡
С㡭
档
л˵
ˣме㵢QAQ


206 
ķϵĹ, ֵ뷨ӦҲǻķϵġ̸ӲݴҲ֩鲼ҳɡ
Ȼƿŵʱ, ȴǸɾࡣ
˴ҲǵֵСвǳڵָ, Ҳûе̨ûбмܣĴѻһЩӣӶǴ򿪵, ӵԱŽ̺, ż鼮, 鼮Ա, оżС
ǿ, Ѿķϼʮֶ꣬ҪΪ˼ֻ뿪ܿͻˣ
͸Եˡ
ҲƳ, ͿʼѰСķ
ڵ˰, Ȼ߽ȴ·𱻸һ, ʲôˡ
Ұɡ
˫Ψһʶ, Ҳ˵⻰Žȥ²̽
Ҳ󣬱ϾһͲܲСĵط
СҲС, ԭӦҲЩǲڴ˴, ϶ǻ¶ۼġ
ֺԨҲ·, űȥһ²ܡ
żϷõĶҲЩ΢, öʱĵطЩдʱľȻڷŸõˣһд򿪵İ֡
Բ˶ģ
ЩСԵģЩȥĥġ
ЩϻЩֵֹ䱦ɺ֮ĳʵ㲻ʲô䱦ҪЩʪģųʪĺˮϢǸոմӺõһ
Ϣţֺܲˮ֮е
·һִ󷽷ơȷǣСϡ
Ŵ鲻ãǿЩȫɵһ֮УʱŲˮϢ
ϵĶҲ࣬оˣûҵεط
֮⣬ǼӶһˣէһЩ鼮ƺûʲô쳣ϸ˿ЩȫǴǡ֪ʲôʱ¼̬ĸִǡ
ЩǳֵطҲһ˿Ϣֱϸϸ鿴ʱ޷ֳ̫ʱЩ鼮ֻȴſһۣЩ鼮ã·ŻСӰῪԭλáӵײλû쳣
ǽڣһеĶȫ˵ϸϸ顣ȴʼûзʲôڻ󷨡
ԨΧŵһȦƺڳ˼ʼĬĬȵһߵʱźȻ˵˴һ󡣡
һ㶡
ҵ˼Ĵھһۡ
ôһ˵־ˣȻѹôҲҲڡԭյ㡣
˴ֻһ۵ĻҪľƵۡ
ǸոѰƺûͷġ
뵽еĴǡ
ܻԱߡЩǣһĿʮϷٵķš
˵Ǵǣ˵־ĵغܿ죬ûϸڷٷĵڼܼ²ٵݡһһٵطУЩ鼮˲ٵĺеĹ¡
ٺгˣǰ壬ڴİѰҵзţȻʱȴܻ񣬹ȥһƤѪ󷨣ĺϰ
ЩۣȥΪ˲޵ı
긴һ꣬𽥷˰ıƣٴг͵ĺ˶Ľ
ıܵ˲СвҲɥȻʿǿʼԺǺˣӦ
һԺŰҲֱúԴͷ
ڼ󣬵ʱ˳죬巢˶սۡ
һս󣬺򿿰ʮڣ岻ٳ֡
ڣ޵Ĵڡ
ˣ֤˳İȡ
ǵĽβȴûнβ
ַһҳϴǡ
һ¼ʷĲӣǺļ룿
ֲֶֻ֪֪϶Եɵġ
ܻС㣬Сһδʽֻһ
Ǻ塣
ﻹһ󷨽
еĺۡ
ֺȻ뵽ڲϷŵЩɺ
ִӽȡСУЩɺ˳͸⣬ϸꡣ
ˣ˫ԼСʦƺڹ۲һЩкˮĶὣ˹
˫һȦҲûзʲô쳣˵Уһжǹ˵Ҳ˵죬ǲ֪ΪΣĹУȴǺһ
˫ƺˣʲôڸ˼޷֪
һ˼һ˻ʶ
һԨ˫˵зֵ⣬Щɺ
һɣǲǲѰɺǲǺ˵һʱԼҲЩס
ɺۣôڲϣôרŽĴᣬͷƤ֡
һоǰڰһǰڸ֪ô
˭أ
룬Ϊ̫֪࣬һҲЩǳ˭׵ǸˣǿҲ
ˣ
ڴҲǰղҽκõġ
ȥ֮Уƺûôˡ
ǣЩĴھ̫ˡ
Ψ룬ȷġ
˵Ԩ΢΢üַ̧ɺ
ɺĻѾĻҲ˵ùȥ
ɺϻźˮĳԨ΢΢ɺϸֳһ㵭ɫ
Ԩջ֡
û
Ȼ
Щšô˳
˳Щ޷ˡ
еɺǺĻ֤۾С
ֻҪҵۣҪƽǿ˵׾ˡ
£Ԩóġ
ֻ̧󷨣֮ġ
ָһ̧Ƿڽ֮еɺϣһǳɫ
Ԩ
ֽŵضĶֵͷɺ
մ֮˵ɺӦڻ֮󱻲׽ǿۣ˵ģҲ˵Ѿ޺ˡ
ѹѲɺϵԡ
ֻҪƳۣ󷨾ͻȻɢɡֻɺҲˡ
Ҳ֪ʲô֮ˣǰĶоˡ
úΪۣ
Ʊ
ǿеŭ⡣ֻžȳС֮ȥĻ֡
ܶ϶һеģǹⲻ롣
ǡӸħ塣
ǸӻĶͽܡ
ջ˼ʱ΢ĹâĻۡ
㵵ضԼơ
ףô£
ϸһȴɺɢĹâ۵С
ôһ£
ԨƺҲһ˿Ծͣ֡
Ȼ󵽵ǳһ
֮£ɺʽΪۡ
󷨼䡣
â֮У˲ʧԭء
ɡ
л˵

Ϊдֻܵڶ죬ڶֻܵ°ؼԻȽϳٻᾡϰڼĻĻQAQ


207 
һ̻úõںԨŲ, һǰһ左˶ݵһ˲ԡ
֪Ӧֻôգ֮һ˲Ȼô̶һ˲, վƾоһǽǿվȵʱٶȴסˡ
ǰһþķ䡣
Ҳ㲻Ƿ䡣һȻɽ˴ͷϲıڴ˳Ľ, Ųٵֻƽľ塣ڵλõ˵̨Լߣ滹һĵص, ص֮, һĻɫƤë
̨֮Ǹ, , нɴ, ůƫһӦȫһСС, żɫβ͵㡣
ֳŽ, ǽϵĽ, ȴʯɽڵı, ʯ¡
һȦ˴󣬵̨֮ϰڷһųİ, ϻѷźܶĶ
ڿһ˵İУʶߵȥĶ, һЩѶϢ
֮ϵĶȴܼ, Ѱıīֽ, Ҫ˵ʲôرģ̨Աߣڷһ޹¯ȼŲ֪ʲôѬ㣬ЩͷΡ
ʶ̧תҪ¯
Ȼֵ̧ʱȻ֣ڵƺЩɬʮֵĲ˳
Ǿһ˶Եóض뱹
̫
ֽüңִ̧޹¯¯벻ͬȼŵһССɫӡ
ɫСƺ̺żǿ޷͸ġ
ͬҲİĶ
ԣɫϨǹϢܡ
ܲʣ
޷ֻŰԶԶء
µ̨Χʮͷյǧ֦ƣȼŵĶǳƵСӣ˴˴ÿһ硣
Ҫйĵطȥߣ˴ûв´͸һȻɽǱȻжڳڵġ
й⣬ҵķ
ȻǽڵķȥѰйĳڣһյʱ䶼߲ͷȴܿ˴ռʲôԵı仯һͷص̻ɫᣣ̨ϵİ
ͣ˽Ų
ǰֱͨеֳʱСĶ࿴һۣŷֽϲʻι״졣
顣
Ŵ˺һ
֮еĲʻ棬Ǳӡе顣
ֻҪһЩ־ͻ֮
ڵҶɾ̨Χĸһ
һ㶡

ԣ
ǰڵ̨֮󣬿ǽڵλû
Ȼûȥֲ²⣬ӦҲǲʻ˾֡
ĬĬմ˴ĸ֡
룬ǵ̨֮ϵλãǼ̨
˴ɽ䣬һġ볡
˴˴
һҰȥһЩɫѤװαװһļ̨
Ϊ˱ѡеļƷ
޷뿪˴ĻôͻΪ֮
һǿԼ侲Ҫڵ˳
Ԩۡ
ɺС˵ɺĹؼ
ȲǲɺƵҪõʲôȷ˻ȥС㣬ȷǻȥ鼮ҵɺĿͨɺѡһƷ
̫಻ȶأôȥĻƺҲô˳µġ
֮ǾͰĴ˵Щ˵ĿľҪﵽʲôĿġ
Ҫ޷뿪˴ԴһѹƵ״̬֮ˣֻЩԵֵ
µˣҲֻǹħˡ
֮ϣħ塣
ôԼͽܣҲְɡӦã
ֲȷš
ǹģǹزʶֻЩΣա
Щ鷳
߲ͷ޷̽﾿˼ռ󷨣ֻתصԭλá
ǧյ֦ϵʲôҲ֪޹¯еɫʲôҲ֪һûаȫС
һԼڵ
ȷԵ
޹¯ϢҲԵЩش͡
˽Ļ
ֶһԶ
ԭһյҲҲڵĵطһȴ·ǰƾճһš
һĿĴţ˱š
ǺܿỺ¡
־üͷԼ㣬֪뵽ʲôԥƬ̣ȹڵ̨İ¡
΢΢ͷ
һ壬Ҳ׸ߡ

űƿˣȴûй롣
Ԩһĺڰ⵽䡣
ټĿռڣֻЩɫȼŹĹ⡣
˲ŻĲżЦشӺڰ֮ߵ˺ɫ¡
һϮ£Ϳغʺ
õˣ֡
ԭԭ΢΢̧°ͣԭˣǧãôܾϱʦͽ䡣ǹ⣬ҲҪ˲
һ̣ڿ˺𽥵ɴۣ۶𾪡
ɡʯ
Ϊʲôʯ
л˵



208 
ʮؿʯȻ˽, ǿ֣϶һḷ̌һ, һֻӨ͸ıӣʢǳɫģ˾ƵĶ
ʯ»㻺, ƺֵ̽ķӦԭغһûзӦЦЦҲ, ϵ̨, ̷˰ϡ
ԼҲڰһ
˼ֻһŰľ롣
̫, ˴̫İ, ʯе, ˵ڳ༫µʱ
ôأ
޷¡
૵ﲻǹ򡭡ߣħĵ𣿡
̧ͷ, ĺ˵, ȴʯĿԵʱ, ʲôҲ˵ˡ
ΪʲôأΪʲôŽʯأ
ֵļ, ʯг༫ˣһһ£һһȼŵƵˡֿ͹۽, 뿪ˡ
ʯ֣Գκεط, Ϊʲôڡĵطأ
ֻգ֮͵˴˴, ִ, ʯǾ
ļ䲢δжϹļǵãɺʱԨʱֻǰһ䵽˴˴
ʯΣҲӦʱ䣬ط֡
Ͳ֪˴֪ҲеĶ棬˹ȥ赭дظһյ
Ĳ²Ҳ㲻̫⣬Ͼ֪ģҲôˡʯܵȻֵĶ棬һ˿ǳЦ⣬׼ȷ˵֮ء
֮أ
֣Ϥ
ƺȻպϳٺΧµһմȾϢľɵءﱻ֮Ϊ֮ء
Ȼ뵽ʲô̧ͷ
˴ͷһƬһƬʢ޷ԶȴһƬ䡣
˵ϹЦˮǰҲеһƬһƬ
뵽壬뵽
ջߣͷʯǵһμһϸ
ϤʯƺϤģɸģǸδ֪Σյʯ
ᵭ˵ǹħ壬֮صʯʲôˣ
Ūģ
ʵԸ𰸣ʯûаڵ˼󷽷ǰʵһѶˡ
Ҳֻû뵽ǳȥһ롭
ʯЦͷҡ
ǡ㵽˭ֱһ̲һ飬ͷβ֪ʯ˭
Ϊڳ༫Ϊ飬˵ݣʶΪʯǳ༫ˡȻԨ׿ڷϹ
ͺˣʯ˭
˵ֻ֪˭ΪʲôҪı
ʵһ򵥵˼·ǾʯǹˡȻȴǺš
ֱӵɾǺ꣬ʯʶʮꡣǹ˵ĻôƤʣˡ
ڴˣֿʼ²ʯǲħ壬ǺǧЩʲô
ʵҲ⡭
Ҽֻһ
ʯϡһĨǳЦ
ʯ֮Ҿʯˡ
Ҫ֪ĲҲʯĻ
Ͼʯ֪̫̫٣ȻԸ˵š
ˣֻҪ֪ҴʼվʯڱݣʵҲҪⲻĿġ
ʯ˵˳ֽյƸ֣ǲϤζ
ֵͷʱᵽյϢ嵭һζ
ǡһ
̧ͷ˲١
С㡭˵ϣ
һֻСеõʯô׾õһǾ֤СӦС
˵ǡ
Щҡ
һʯٷɿ죺ץˡǲ㣿
ʯ룬Ͽҡ
ץңֵ˲ҡ
ıߡ
ض
Ϊǹ£˵ǹˣ
򵥵ģҲԸŵġ
Ǿ淢չһҲݲԸˡ
ⲻҪ֡
ʯ̾һЩεü䡣
ҵУ˻ҲΪأʵ֪֪˭һҲҪ
Ͼ֮һУա
ִ
С㣬˻ʡ
Щˡ
𣿡
ƽ̧ʣǹš
ʯؿƬ̺ЦЦ
֣Ҳϲ֡ƺҡ
Ȼ˵ģȴֱ˵ĳˡ
ֵĳȵס
ʯǹš
һ׮׮һµˣ
ضôҲ޷뵽һÿ»ȼǧյϢƵˣôһ˫մѪ޼Ķͽ
ԭǹ૵ôأô£
ܼ򵥣ΪҪһ¡
ʯЦЦЦúºͣһܵ¡ҿ˵ЩΥġ
һ㶣Ȼ뵽һ¡
޷߹֮ǰһȡģԼ֡
˵ʯȡ֡ʯĴڣģ
㶵ضʯҲ̫ʵոռҪµ򶨣ֶ˼ּꡣ
ȵȣţž㡭һ΢ضǰʯ˵š
֣ҪƺңҺܲϲġ
ʯЦֻЦЩǳҲ˼֡
ֲ˿̵ʯģҪֱӶ֡
΢ɶ˵㡣
ͷ۱еһ̧
ֻ㣬Ҷ£˵㻰ɡеʶ꣬һ֪ĹҲ̸ĻˣĻɡ
ʯֿƬ̣ҡͷЦ
㰡ĳסҲģ㲻ʱ䡣
ôһ˵ȻŶԵԨ
۵׵ĻȻʵ̫ˣԵʯҲӦ˵仰֮ǰָûⷽ롣
ʯɳĬƬ̡
̫ò㣬˵ĽǶȥĦˡ
ЦЦЩ
˵ȷĵ顣ཻʮ꣬Ȼǻһġ
Ȼ˵ã۵𽥸һ˿
ֻеһ֪˵ʲô¡Ҫ֪𣿡
ֹϵͷ
ûбڸˡŶ˵֪и飬ڵ黹һ㡣
ʯûסЦҡͷ
治㡭
ҪӺ˵أǾʹӺܾúܾǰɡһһɷʱ򡣡
߹ҵԭͣ˵ҵֻɹսɷᡣʱǳûʶƮƮ˳Ϣķ򣬵ִ򡣡
λ˷˽ңУΪȡ
ʯ˵ʱ΢Щ
Ҳһֱעҵģͽܡ
ͽܺܲϲҡ˽±ߡҲϲĻһ䡣
ʶ뵽޷ϵһƺɫ
Ц֪ɣ˵ϹĵһιҲλ˵Сͽܡĵһ
ʯ˵ʱЦⶼʧˣ˵ţһ˻ģȴλˣͽţ˵֮ˣ֪ԼλáҲ뿪Ҳ
ʯ˵ȻЦˣ̧֡
ĻУɵ뵽޷磬뵽Ц
뿪֮ʱҲࡣʯ˵ܿϧûõĻ塣ȻҾͿۿšʦһ̡
ֺһͣҧ˴ǽ߬ģǿʹûԼɫ¶ѿ
Ц
ʯš
ǿţǿ̵ͷǿûʯĲԾ
ǧ̡ҲʱľϾһԶᱻλ˶עһۡΪһͬ˼
Ҳͦ׵ġλ޷类ˣ谮ЦˣǰĬԵǧ̣Ȼһ¡
ʯЦ̧֮
ո˵ˣŶԡˡոӦûûи߹㣬Ҫ顣
λȡֵĴˣڼǰˡʯЩЩ˷ܣҵȻҪ
֪𣿡
֮ģ֮ѪݺݣټϺĻ꣬Լ֮󣬺ͻ󣬾Ը
۾һգգĿʯ֪Ҫ˭һ޷Ϊ
Ѿ֪ʯ˵Ҫ˭ˣ˿̲ʯܷЩ
Ѿ䣬Ḵġ
ƶ˵
еĻ嶼Ȼ֣ˡ
˵ʱѾȥ˵Ĵʧʧ䣬õĽ֡
һ⣬Ҳڳ֮У֮ڡ
ʯҪǾǳ׵׵֮ˡ
ʯ仰ɫʱһһΣյ֡
֣Ҫ˵ֻҵˣҲ̡
һḴġΪ׼ꡣ
ʯС˵ʲô׼ȫˡȽɱӣԺ壬÷ӡΪ˸ʲôˡһʧġ
Լ뿪༫ʱǺ£С㡣
ʱС˵˱ѣҲ˵ˣпǹ£ʱʯѾץپ˰
ΣСһ䵽С
Ϊ
ҵҡӦҵġ
ʯƶ˵
ֳĬˡ
˵ˣԾԲġ룬ʯˣô
һˣΪһƬ֣ᡭʧ
᲻á
᲻ɽ᲻ʦţҲ᲻ÿɢˡ
᲻Ԩ
㸴أѾˡ
̽ʣõʲôЦһ𣿡
ʯĬˡ
ڳĬڼ䣬Щãġ
һ
룬ʱ̫ãҺѾ뷨
Ҳ뿪
ԺҵЦһֱ谮ҡſϥͷ
žͺܻơ
ЦѾˡЦ񡣡
Ҫ˵һЦȽ˵ĻǴֻˡ
˵Ĳ񡣡ʯ˵÷Ǹö𣿡
ҿ׾ٴ۸ļ䡣ҳΪΨһ
ֵɴۡ
ԭħǹҪ÷ӵԭ
Щ
ǧ̺ʯԼʶ֮ˡ
Ͼ˶޷ȥôΪҵծҪľȻֻĴ
֪˺ֻŻĵ
ֻΪ˻ĵ뷨˵ɢ˵壬壬һ׮׮һָôȥ㣿
ִ˿뿴ʯһۡ
룬᲻һݣ
Ҫȥ
ҲЩƣˡ
ġ񲻻Ӧġ
˵ԼӦġ
֣˵Ҫ˵Ļἰ
ʯЦ⣬֣׽סֵ֡
ʶһĿ֡
޷ʯĿ

ΪһЩͻ񸴻𣿡
ȻˡʯȻĿ˵ʱ䣬Ȼġ
ȻۿǺεȵģ
ֹ˵ĵĻ
Ȼʯҧأɫ
֪ģҲ֪
ȻԴ۸ļ䣬ΧҲһ۸𣿡֪Լץûл·˵㸴ҼĻһʲôˡ
ʯһ䣬ȻЦЦʧȥеŬµڰ¡
֣ҺܱǸûˡ
Ƥ˶
ӣЩ鷳ˡ
Ϊר󷨣˴ֻΪ˺ɵ𣿡
ʯЦ̾
㰡ǶûзҲûз༫ĺܺãʲô֪ңʵҲǺôϧԨ㿴̫ûжֵĻᡣ
ֺһͣ㵵ضʯ
ʯ˵ġʲô˼
ұϾҪ㣬ֻ취ӳ༫뿪طҾ׶㶯ˡ
ʯЦ˵һ˾ƣһħϢɣ𣿡
ҧ´
֮󣬼ԼĴȾһѪ
ұ뿪Сɽ㡣ֻǳôһ㣬ûڵһʱҵ㡣ʯЩź˵֮ʮʧһҲҲʧȥټ
֪˵Ӱɽʮꡣ
ԭԭû䵽Ǻ£ûˮкСɹǼ£û䵽Ӱɽ᲻ͳΪ˼Ʒ
ʶʮ꣬ԭʯУһʵĲϰ
³һҲûʲô˵ġȻΪʧȥһ˶ˡҲΪһ˶
ǲҪллҶʮꣿ
Цó
ʯЦЦˡ
Ҫ֪ǼʮꡣҵѣҲǽΪ˵ġ
ֵͷϿҵ˵ţҵƤҵˣ
˭֪ʯȴҡҡͷ
˵ˣ㲻Щƽƽĺ壬ҲЩôִԵֶأ
ʯ۵Ⱦһ˿
ˣ֮ʳ塣ϢףҲΪáӦʺϵ󡣡
ʯֵ񼸺ڷ⡣
ƺӦˡ
˵󡭡ָң
֮ģ֮Ѫ˻ͷѪ֮ݣЩ׼һЩϰˡ
ʯЦЩ㡣
һҪΪ׼һʵ塣
֣ʺϳ֮Ǹˡ
ҫ
л˵


209 
һʱ䲻֪˵ʲôǺá
Щġ
˵, ڼʮǰʯڿʱͽĵˣδԼ
⡭
Ѿ֪˭, ЩЦԷǡתһ룬ء֪أ
Ǿڲ֪֮䣬ԼΪһδ֪, ԼĴڽᱻĨɱ
衣
ֻô赭д˵
Ȼ仰ûκιķӦ
ʯҪֵ׼û뵽ֻô赭дһ仰Щ㵡
ԭأһԼӦ
˵仰Щε³һ, ͷ۵ǡ
֮ǰʲô, Ϊʲôʯǧ̲˼˵뷨
ߵһ, ԼҲ֮С

Ҳʯó
ʯ, ڵ֪ʯŵʱ, ʵ˵Լݡ
ʯ˵֮һֶᡣ
ʯһΣǾǶ˵Ĳˡ
ȡ̵, һѪծɷ, ߵٲ֮·
Ȼûо, ֻҪôһ, 㹻̡
৵һվɫ䵭
뷢Լȥô޹
ʯˡȴΪԼ屻, ΪЩ޹ؽҪ
ǵģкιϵֻҪ㹻ˡ
Щǿɱ¾ġ
, Ϊֻ, Ϊ˭ʯ˵, ҡͷһЦνѾ䵽ҵУһж˶֡ΪѣҺܱǸҪɱ㡣
øеˣϾΪo˵һ֣֡ġ
δ䣬һֱӳͷ
ֿɲʯҫʲôĵĴʣԼӡˣֲֻڵġ
ÿǳɹɹ̫Сʱºһδչ֣ڿ͵رһС裬·衣
С̲صŨҵҲְγСལؽƺɨʯ
ʯһʱʱǱͷʱýƻ˺
ƤǱźڣȴûѪ
ֶһֵͷСལ
ŶˣûѪ
Щź̾˿
һѪĽѵǲ̫ˡ
Ҳ֪oϣôѵʯģ
Сལͷʯ˽ѵԼҲĹ
ʯԼоġ
ԼĺڣһŽ˿ϣ
ͺ̸ʱ䣬Ǳһˡ
û뵽ȻбĲСĳˣ֡
¶һ̸Ѻõ
֣Ҳ㶯֡㲻ҵĶ֡
Щŭ䲻
֪ģ־ܣһʹ졣ϾҲǼʮΨһĺѡ
ЩЦ
γءʯڳ༫Ǽʮõѡ˵޻̸
Ȼʯдʼնһ
װɵĲԼҲĵĹǺ
˵ЩϻˡҼȻ֪ʲôȻġ
ֶ࿴һۣŽ³
ŽһһգʵĽǶȡ
ʯЦ⳹ʧ
˵ˣ˵ֻ
һ̣ڿĲصӰʧ
ʯμתһҪץ֡ôóѡ˫һӡչӯڷһ㣬Խȥɶ㿪ʯ
ʯסֱعͷ
ֱһ̲֪뿪˳༫֣Ѿɳ˶١
˵ڳ༫֣ǾһʲôԱûУʲôʵûУزһĺ
ڵ֣˺ŵʵ
Ҳˡ˿ڣߣʵҲʯ֡
ԭЩнͦõġʯջ֣Ѿ޷̫ƽ˵Ŀ˵뿪Ԩ뿪༫ŻᷢһжôĲ׳
ֶԴҲʾͬ
˵öԡԸ״ˡ
˵˵еĽʼֱָʯ
Ҳ뿪˳༫Ҳʵ
ʯмЦԶŷȹƮҡ֡
ҳڵȷЩʵⲻ
֣Ҵǧ꣬ǧУ಻̶ʮΪðһ㣬ѾҶˡ
Ž룬˵ʵҲԼֻ˶̶̵ļꡣ
أ
ֻҪʯ˼ðС㣬һͷôһս޷⡣
һԡ
΢΢°ͣڷ̧н
ʯֻ֡óе𵱳ʯֵ˵һݡ
ѵʯΡ
һ㣬ֵһжǡ޲ɼĴ󡣡
Ҫɱ
򲻹ʯĻߵһڴ֮䣬Ľսܡ
Ҫ֣Ҳȡ
ָڿһҵ񶯿ʼɽ
һ㣬ʯȥ
ʯôҲû뵽ȶֵ֡
֮£ҲЩ˷ܡ
Ƥ³ĵŮҳĬŮڳɳһвԵʱ
ˡ
͸ˡ
˴һϲһꡣ
ȻڿֵĵһʱԼָо
ûбָ˴˵Ĵˡ
ĴڣΪ˸˴˶ضġ
ݵ뷨һ˲š
еĽûʯתȴʮŷȼռ䡣
ըѵȼɽһȼᣣ
ûƽʯû
ʯǴӺڰгһѶУŻ֮ȥ
ٿȼյĻҲ޷ɷĴݻ١˲Ϩ
һطպĻҳ
ֳʱ䣬Сȫն
СལǸӰˡ
ʯǹɷ
µģһԵġ
ϾǧΪΨһʤ㣬ֻС𴸡
һСġ
㹻С·𱻶һ⡣

Ҫ㹻Ϣ
ֻϢʤ
ڵ⣬޷ȻĲϢԭϢʧӰ١ֻСˡ
Ҳ֪
ǹҲֻʣһˡ
һ߬СȥΡ
У粻ֹ
ʯŵһϤϢ
еĶնϻƺãȻ̧ͷпȥ
Ǵ˿̣
ּٶ׹ջС𴸣ʯȥ
Ȼһ̣С𴸷·ûʲôϣص˲֪ٲĿռھҵѹ²ѡ
ֱ˵ĳֱӸײɳȥǱڿеΡ
ƽأ߬С𴸣Ųݵء
ȵȣݵأ
һͷ
ûݵء
ǲݵأкβ
ڴ˴˹һ⡣
һ̣һִֻļһ㶡
ϤϢĺ󾱡
ãҵˡ
Ǿ˽ƣļʱ˶ǽأֱһ֣̿˲ˣԼݵ¶
Ŵ۵׵һȦЦ⡣
Ԩѽ
عԨƣ뵽ۺѪ˿ۣһۣȴЦ˴գ˵
쿴ҹȥء
л˵


210 
ֱԨת, Ȼ˳ԼָȥʱԼҲ΢΢סˡ
⼸Ǵںϵһµܻı, ȴƣȡ֮Ǽʵ
·ſչճһž޴Ļ, Ƭ֮ء
֮дССƯŲٵʯʯвܣٲ˴շ·𲻴, , ŨҶɢһϲĴ, ҡҷ
Ҳʱ, һۿϲĻǧ, ʯϵǿա
ϱʢ˥ܵĳβСС¹·𿴲ĳ֣յĳŲݡ
ǰԶ, һ
˵Ƕ, ʵֻһССʯ, СԼһơڿƯ, ȥ˲󷨣¶ģ
ʯͷС𴸵һãѾһѺۡ
ʯʯıԵ, ָˡ
ֳŵʯ񰵳ضų֮صЩˡ
༫Ԩ, Ȼҵ
ЩϢ۵ļһ
ʯʯ߳, ڿеĽŲ, Ȼɳģ
Ԩ۵׵ĺѪ˿һ㶼ûмᣬ֪Ҫ΢һ顣ǻһ֮أ޷и
˴Ȼ֮ءǺԣȾ˲ɷҲΪʯڵĺۼѾ߾ȥɷԭϢǱȾѾͳβʢ˼Բǰܡ
߽ʯ
ԭ
Ȼôһжö˵ˡ
û뵽֮ء
˵ǴԨɫֳֳޱ𾪵ض֮ءĿת˳⵷˵һԵ̴ݡ
̴ݺûж࿴ֳۣͬȴһ֣ӱ˴˵пͬ𾪣ջߣŵضΧ
ûˣ˵Щʲôֿ˽Ԩ󣬶ڵЩʲôȽиꡣ
СʦҲˣ
ɵ˿
ȻһʯʱֻнţͶΣյľ裬ûйȥ̫ࡣǵ׽ʱİ˲١
ԨСʦ֣ϤĴҵĴڣʵʵȷԼǱҷϵġ
̶̼ʱǾȻܴҵ
û°ɣԨȻѾ֣ϵС𴸣һüЩɱȴˣǻģַȥ˿
ǹսթ֮࣬ԼļƭΣֽˡ
һ£ܵ˺һ¡
ڿʯʱֿ֪϶Ҫѹˡ
΢΢ҡͷ¶һǳЦ
û¡
Ԩĺܼʱûеٲ֮ء
ֻǿϧˣûһӴʯ
С𴸣̾
ǵʱʯڿԨ˺Цһ
û뵽ҵ
Ρ
һжѾʼˣѵʱ⵹˵ʱ
֡
վڷϣŹ⣬òɺ֮ǰһźº͡
Ѿ·ˡΪյ
⻰̧ͷ
һ˫ֱĶԶ²ŷʯ
һתС
˶ĻϽ˵ˡҴ㡣
ʵǵе㡣ոɽڣЩעһĺ飬һֱ̾ӱΪеʮӲİԵ
䣬Ԩ̲סֵ̧ŴЦһ
ԼСʮģûгԿûгԿӦѾʯ˹ϵҲûˣǾòˡ
ʯ⻰ǺƢĺ˵
Ϊӵ㼴ʹһ뿪Ҫ˶Ҳҵġ
ֲʲô
ֻǺƽɨʯһۡ
˵ˣҲߣһ̰ѡҾϵһ̡
ִ˿̵ʮ㡣Ԩ࣬ʦࡣôĴҶڣʲôµأ
ȷˣԨһġų༫Ĵҡʦֲ֪׼ʲôһʱ򣬴Ц˵
Сʦã׼ˡ˵Ҫըɻҽըһ仨
ֲɵûͷȽиꡣ
СʦֻŵĶʲôԼµóԽ֮ػȥĶ
еɣҪ˴׻ȥ𣿱֮أȥʯʯҪ¯졣
ȻʯƺȽи仰ɫ粻
ɨԨˡ
һ̶֣˴ԼǱ˵ġ
ΨҪ˴Ψһļ֮ء
ʯһ㣬ڿеʯϣƮƮ
Ҳ㶯֡ҵң֡
നȾ㣬ٹǧס
ǵ㡣
䣬ʯڿɢȥ
ʧһȴ
ֻһ
ᣬһҲ֪ʲôʱ
ʯôȥ
ȥʯôֻһԭ
ԭһɷ
ʯʧ֮ط·ʧȥһ
ָоԼڵڲʧ
֮ǰڵѾһ㲻ʣ˿յСҲڶ̶˲䱻եɡ
̧һȦ֮ء
ڲ²ȡľʯһԭŵĵط
߰ɡ
־þע֮أ̧Ԩ
Ԩ۵Щˬ
һ׼ȴʯǸСӡ
޷һΣԾҪۡ
ֲ֪Լô֮صģԨߵԵ˺ͺͺʱԼЩ²⡣
һīѣһ˿ںͺµĺ˵ʲô
Ųˢˢͷ
һ̣оų˭˶϶֮ѪԵϵ
ƽݣͺͺͬʱ˿
Ҳҡ޴񣬰
ھ޴ǰԵøС
ֺԨ˺͵ıϣδüץסëͳһģֱӴŶ˷ҡ
ֲˤ˸ȦѸٻ꣬ԼԨĻС
ڽ£ɽϣｭɽǾϵһʺۣ˲Ϣ䡣
ֲԨĻУצӲĸ첲ͷƺı䣬С곤̾һ
Ԩͷ˳СĶ䡣
룬ýģҪ
޷˵žoշģžʯʯֹȥЩ꼫Ϊεѡ
ôɡ
ֶ˵ֻ֨һ
˲Ϣһģӯطתת
ֱӸоεԼƮƮڿУʧصĻţͱԨһ뻳С
һƺЩص
ˣ۸ꡣ
Щ

ֻ˵־˵Ԩֶ˲
ֻſں͵Դ¡
Ҳ֪ʹ֮طɵѶá
Ҳ֪뿪á
ֻ֪һ̡
ɽɷƣٹ·ޡÿһԴԴϵĹںѹѹشӸð
ɷϿƮ
ΧһƬ޾𺣡
˼
л˵



211 
ֽ̤ʵزȵ֮ʱ, ʵоһ¹Ĺ̡
ɽӣŨ̹
ǽѬһƬڣڻ֮ԵøСسǾ, ǱˮͰƴȻ
켣سǾеʿǣҲóֱȺ֮еĹޡ
ûκΪķ, ޺űšһЩƴȺгԼļҵķȥǶ޶СеҧƾɵˮͰȱ˿ڵľ裬ȥһ޼ʵɽ
ؿڣܵǳࡣ
, ޷ָĻ, Щʲô
Ϣ, һһ֪Լڵ
֮޷֪ԼڡЩ޹, ɵĵҲɢ
û޷֪, ô˼һѣ
ָһ̧СڿС
ڵ𽥳ӯ
дϢܽյĸ¡ֵĶǰ鷢̵̲סۡ
ǾȻҡͼɳɤ, ŭ, ôң
, ֲ, ƽأˮ򡭡
Ԩüһֵ֪Ĵ㡣
ˮⲻһ򵥵顣ܵ, ķΧĶҪˮ, ѰС
ˡ
Ȼˮ, Ǿͺ򡣡
ҧҧ´, ֻ̧ӳһƷ硣˷Ʈҡ
ĽһƬ𺣡֮Уķ˰ա
ŴܵһнѣȻףΪ
Ԩ
ԨӦ֪ҪʲôﴽǣȻһ͡

а˫ֽӡ

ɽ
ɷ硭ҲܴʪϢ
ֶسǾƴسţһͰˮһͰˮȥʱŭЩֵڳ⣬źɫñĹ޻Ͷʯͷİտ޺
ЩʿɤӸɬɳƣֵƣϴӵĽоȳ˵İա
ֶ˲ء
Ҳٲ
һжǹŴġ
Ҳʯ
һҵ
γһС
ķ˵ע⣬ͷ·֮ϣǸлԵѡ
ȻԨȴһ㣬ϣһڷ֮С
۶֮ķɢɢС
ͬʱ֮еĳʪ֮ԽԽء
ڸ֪Ƿ֮еĳʪ
ʱȥں֮£֪ˮķ
ʪ֮𽥱鲼Ͽա
ķ𽥱ǳǳĺˮϢɢձεɫΧ
һ̣ˮڷ֮Уء
̵ĺˮʻأаɫ˻зڷ֮£ޱ޼ʵһ
ɽһ֮еĺˮǿ֮꣬Ʒӵ
˫ֽӡܸ֪֮ڱġ
ܡֶã
ֲ֪ɽûӣҲ֪ˮĵܲܽ
ֻ֪񡭡֡
꣬Ϣ񡣡
Ϥ˵ĺ󱳣ԴԴϵ
һ˲Ķˡ
ԨҲͿԼֵס
ʢѣ㿴
Ҷ˼˼ŽһǱǹĺۼպȻֵ󺣣һɽͷޱ߼ʻȥ
ʵʵǷ˼
һʢزһ˵ӣѪ̧ۡȥüͷ
ϣѷǵС
һ䡣
Ҷѣƶӣʴ˿̿ɶҶ֣
Ҷ˼˼߬˽һ
Ҷĳ᲻áǱҺͿҶ硣
˳ɲںδء
Ҷ磬˶һۣղ
Ҷ˼˼󲽳Լȥһ֡
ߣ
еĹڶ࣬ȻǾͿԳȥЩ˴Ĺޣһһ
һ˴򲻹һȺˣûɣ
纣֮£һԵޱȱ΢ɽ𱻵ĺˮ
ˮȴĿĵɢɽĽ𣬱ջء
罥Ъ
Ľߣɿֵͬʱ׹
ͬʱԨ̧Ƚ§뻳Уĺ󱳡
˯ɣҡ
Ѿ߾ȫģȻԨȻС룬˿̸оԼѾǲԼ۵ûС
ԨĻҲ˲䣬˻ԡ
ԨִᱧƮƮ档
澭һȻɿݿѣذ߲
ͺȽи궼Ҵҳ
Сʦôˣ
ȽиǸź𽣬ȽϺҪ΢һЩǿĲ״صʱѾں绽ˡ
ȴȴȵСʦûԨĻС
塣
Ԩ˵Ϣ
üͷ壬κһʿ˵С¡
οոĿһת׳١
ɲˮǾֱӶɺ
ɽ֮ƣֻ֡һ׵С
ԨŻе߹š
ǻչһƬѬڣ˴سǾδ뵽Ȼǰȡɽ𲻹̼
ԭѾһǰֵĿܣȫ
ǵˡ
Ů
ȣͺˮȥĳʪص֮ļз죬ǿõһ·
ںڰɱ¾£ҵͷһ̣һƹ⡣
һźӵĸˣԨִŵһ̣ϥһ
Ǹ˻Уǿһƹ⡣
Ǿꡣ
ԽԽڵϳƽ
Ƿˣ˻Ϊġһתľǰ˶Լֿľ볼֮ġ
Ԩߵͷʱ㵵΢΢ü
ЩڻǱİǣڿʱ·ϳ˶˭ڵĨᣬĿ֡
ֵ˵ͷŻлԵŮ
һУǶ
ɫ
ɫǰ

ȻҪ˴ǾԨԸһǵİգС
ɫڸոտȻʱоʹ˲²⣬Ҳ⡣
ǡԳ༫壬ǡ
Ԩ룬Ц
ֵӣ༫ǧɫ󡣡
ɫȻ
ԼԺĴͷΣ͸Ǿŵ³༫ˡ
ˡ
ɫתͬʱ̧־ס̴ݡ
̴ݻǰλá
ƺڵʲôüͷţһ
ˡҲ˳̴ֽק˹ȥӲת
ܺá
̴

ɫúôϻһЦ˳ץסһʿ
Ҫʲô
ץסʿߴ˧ɫɫΪ΢΢ס
֣ǰǵУһܻޣ
ްҲ
ɫһһ̽
ɻȥˡǿϣ
һΣֱӷϳǽ
̴ݺһۣٷϻϡ
ָоԼȪ֮Уˮݵշĵ¾£
Լ岻ߣ֮ǰĹȵµ壬һ̷·һ·ʯľӯ
ƮƮ״̬£ַ·Լ˭Լںδʲô
ʲôأ
ҲҪȥǧ̳һˣһ޷иջεĽҪȥǶӻī
˯֮󣬰ЦܲһӣΪʲôҪǧ̶ɡ
µɽһŵС顣Ȼɷǵ㲦㲦޵ɡ
񣬺ǡ
ֻۡ
һôһ˲䣬ãȻسĬáʱƬغϡˣ֡
̧̧첲ҪһԼĶͷĶˮ
ŷ֣ĵȷȷһȪ֮Уڣǰ鷢ʪأգ֮䣬ˮ䡣
ǰȴԨ
ѵֻһɫȪ֮У봹ֵĶͷ֣Ĳɫķٻ
ǲͣԼĶ̧
һ˫Ѫȴ峺͸
һ̧ա
˯˺ܾ𣿡
á
Ԩ赭д˵
ȴܴԨ˫УԵʱ䡣
ƭˡС˵ָ۽Ǵ˴Ǻɫġ
ԨȴץסС֣ͷһǡ
ƭˡֻƭꡣ
ֺߺ
𡭡ǹš
Ԩӹ⡣
ˡ
ǡ۾ǲǺǰһˣ
ԨĬƬ̧̣סֵۡ
һɲǸо˽š
ô𣿡
ĳ𣿡ԨȻʵ
˵޹飬ȻǵġοһӦŴ˴ĳ񡣡
Ԩˣԥ£ǽʵ֡
ǹ㳲ٹֳǣħ켣У֮а֡
̫
ŴԼڵ
֣ᶯ𣿡
ֶԨߣᶨأССص˵ͷ
ᡣ
ҲԾʯֱԼҵ
л˵



212 
ʱֻԨ˵̫, û̫ζʲôֱԨ뿪ɽȪǰڡ
˵֮ǰʱ, һƬ𺣡
ô˿̵һ
ԭĽͷֻʣ׵ԼһһԷǰʿ
˵һۿȴǣǳǽ, ¥ϣɫ١
ħֲ賤, Ӷ̬, ء
ȻɫٲǺֲ, Ǽħ, , ȥקһзΧڵĻˡ
ֵǰǿл֦ϣͽŲسǾ
ʿȴæڶԸϽڽֵħ޺͹, Ǳ޷
ɫĿټҪǼʹسǾ¡
һת, гСལ, һӳ
֮Զ, ɫٱնϣصļسǾѾȥ˰Ҳа㵢, ԭءͬʱ׿ķ
ŮһལŮһλ顣
ǺϤˡ
سǾһ۾ϳ, λŮ, ֮ǰ, ˮˡ
һվģʿ⣬Ҳǡ
ҲⳡѲյ㡣
߬Сལ𣬼˲Ϣ֮䣬ɹǽ¥̨ͤڵСལʣ֮ħٱ֮ȴҲ޷ִֵһħڷŤ֮࣬ڽ֮»ҽ
ͬҪȥħٶֵʿ٣ħٲκ˶׻ܵġַٻЩħٵʱΧҲвٵʿڶԸЩħ٣Ѿ˾ƣĵز
޷ҵƽħٵİ취ֻŲûΪķܽѡֵĳ֣Ȼһ֮£ȴò˿ϣ
ִܶ£ĽɫĻҽлеħϢ˻ʮܵճϢ
һȦ˴ԭƽ̹ĵΪսµĵ濪Ѱ͹ƽһ̮ݵ·һ׵ѨѨΧƣмΧѨܣڿӡ˴ħϢ
ŴĿ˺Ϊµѡ
İձþһСʯͷһǳصİƽӱơľսصȴſܺȻٵ
ֹˣ
һϤ˳ķȥȴڸһξ⣬һϤĽޡأȻˡ
еĽ֪ΪλһؽͼֲʶʿڵһȺ۹ޡ
ЩȽ֮ûԵø̣ǵƺ֣һƴװЦ³ɫĹȾǰʿ
ЩʿԲδְսԵøæңҲ΢Щ飬šϻżķһϳʦֵķûбȾ
壡
û뵽Ҳ
ʱȻԸлҲûкøУδǰ
룬ڹۣ˵ǹǰߡ
ὣӯ˵ࡣ
˴븣̫֮ǰ󷨵һó˳ĽֵҲ֮Ĺħޡ
͵²ûΪسǾͰֻ׸ʿͷ޷ˣ׽رҲ޷ȫȫ
ʱ򣬴˴žʿڵһֹޣȴһħ޻ɫ֮ڡ
Ȼһ̣ħ޵ĺײһ磬Ϊ͵ħ޼һ˲䱻˵Ϊԭεڵء
⼸ħפ㻯Σضſе硣
һ³ϵʯ겦ԼĶԲèɨЩħޣһЦ
봳ҵ󷨣Կ
߬˽ԼСʦƶ֮ʣɣЩħ޵ǱȽи޷󷨡
һЦһԾڿ㣬䵽Ƚиǰ
Сʦ֣㡣
˵ͬʱСལһӳ
Щħ޲δȻֵַУҪʱŷ֣ɫĽֵܵġ˲ϢħڽɫĽ˲仯Ϊҽ
ԼҲ㶣ͷСལ
ףô
˵ĽҲѾħ޷ֿϢ
ĿһĻȽиŸ
Сʦãʵе㡭˰
ǼħȻ㲻ʲô߽ףһ֮º޻ģҲЩˡ
ҲԼʵħʵܲܳѹʵǿֻкôûл
Ҳðɣôشһ䡣
Σ
Ƚи겦ŪԼĶһȦΧ
˴ǵڶߣأ˴ħ޹޸޷ǻǿһߡ
ֱۣ
ĿǰĻôá
⼸ջԣ༫ĺĵȥ㣬˵ҪָʲôġֻܳȰæ
˻ʡǸԳļһǰæش˴ķˡȽи˵⻰ʱ򣬻ͷ֣Ǽһʶɣ
룬ס
֮ǰΪѣڡϣѡ
Ƚи֣㲻õģǼһӦòǹһġΪ˸ҵǹȫʦùƳء
һ㶣µż
ô
ؿ϶صģȽиֱԲ䣬ҪļʱĹҪˡ
ҧüͷ
Ҳ̫ģʦ㶼óСܱסȽи˵⻰ʱֿ˿գ֮󣬴ŻᱻСͬһЩɣ
һ顣
ͬ
֮ǰʦһҪƳȥĻᱻƳӰ졣ԽǼƷĹƳԽԼԡǣҪǿСֻԻɡ
ܻõġ
ţС㡭˵ȳ𣿡
ʵ
ûţʦֺʹʦȥȵġǾȳˣʧѪ࣬ԭ޷ʦ˵˸ˡ
סգۣһ
û¾ͺãҪôࡣСҲӦסİɣ
ʦͶʦأ
ǰءȽиµ˵ǲ֪۴ʦ˵Ϊ˻ԣǽһŭڡһһѽֱӳ嵽ǹĴӪȥˡʦҲȥˡ
һůҲЩĴʦͶʦֵİΣ
Сʦá
ȽиŽ׼ȥҴʦͶʦֵģȻ˵
ǹħĿ꣬㡣
ֻεЦЦ
֪
ȽиüͷţЩԽܵأֱۣһ
Ⱥӣ
Сʦ¡ҾŻݲñ۸ԼСʦá
۵׶Ц⡣
ţ֪
Ϊ֪ҪɨһΣա
˵Ĺǰмħ޳ûǰħȫˣûһлǺ߻һ磬Ҳ͵ּһʱͷЩħޣЩħñ󷨵ס׾ٵĽЩħһټ
ڴ˴ûãȥǰ߿ֿ˿ԼСʦһǿķߣûܹͨ˴ҪȥҪĵط
Ƚи˵ͷ
ӷЩӡǹħûһö
Ȼǵͷϡ
Сʦ˵Ķԡ
ʯǧ쵰ûһö
һ˽ѾԸˣôȻҪ֮ͽݺݵؽѵ
֮ÿһƬսۣڸЩ˭ģǾ˺εȹֵ顣ö޹İʧ
ǧ̣ʯ
һ·׵ķ֮бؽ磬ԳΪڳǹĵ硣һʮػһ
ǶСʦֿеǹӪ˰ɡ
¸ֱǧƵʿΧ£ʧȥݵķʽǹѡؽ
ڻǣ⻹ħſڿУ޷һʱ͵Ϯ
һСС˿ѾΪ˼Һʿڵ֪ļԷǰάϵ˵̫ƽ
ʢΪ׵ĽŵӣҶ˼˼Ϊ׵ҶˣвżȴвֵĴССŵӡ
ָеǣڳ֮ϣһһµİ꣬ʱΡָսʱſһԳɫڿðΣǰȥ顣
ڰһŮ顣
ȻǺĶ
Ҳ˴˼ս
ɨһۣģҪһл꣬ѵûһƤЦģһʱ֮ΪΪӵܵĹȻȻһУȴֳֽȣָ¾¡
ǡ
һǳе顣
֮жĻһװϣһʿٸһһŵĵҩ
ֿУԼʦŸ治ҪǮһͳҩһһѵĸЩ
Щõҩûκεֿ̧־δС
ֿ̷ɵԼʦǰ
ʦ֡
ǳԼСʦõһֱһӡ
æһʮš
һͽһӵĵҩԼʦֵĲ£Ҳ˲̸ʦֵĲʼߵĻַҩ
óҩݸͬʱᵽ˵ҩϢôһɲǣ־ʲôҩ
˵ʱõĶʱΪĵҩ˵һ޴ĸɡô˿ʦַָЩĵҩµǿ̡
ϾʱеССΪġЩǷˡҪԽ˺ʿĽޣѪ֮ȥֿħޡ
һսǾ󲿷ˡֻǻȥ޻ء
֪еĵҩԵøء
һҪߵһѵûһõİ취Щ
ЩãȻ
¿еСŮɡһŸͷʿ֣ŵҩʼûеݸЦЦ֮ǰػһǰգлˡ
̲ס˵бҪѪбķʽ
֪СŮ˵ʲô˼ʿǷˡʿһսлţǷ˴һȥֻɹ顣ֻؼ£Ǿ˵ְҲػǡ
յĽء
СŮսʤŻԺؽСŮġ
޷ȥǱʲô߬šЩ˳
߬еĵҩԥѡһ·
ȥ
¶ģ˵
Щֻȥ
ҩʦ֣תߡ
ǳļ״һ㶣Сʦãȥ
ͷҲ˵
ȥѵýѵ֮ˡ
ԽԽ죬ԽԽ졣Ѿ޷ͣһڿն
УǵСʦڳʮﴦǹӪء
ϣʯС
ǧҲڡ
һսȻһ
ַɹĲʱ򣬿ؽ÷˺裬÷лǣĺӣ÷ꡣ
÷˺ڷշɹʱһ㶣÷ȿ˿ڣȥǹˣǹҪȥҵϴȥ
һ㶣ȻֱԨ֪ںʱʧˡԭ֪ʱ䣬ѾȥѰʯ
ҵûУ
ֽһתҪȥԨ÷˲֪˺εȾὫԼŮơ
ȥɡ÷ӵؿԼŮ˵ȥѰˡδܱӻ㣬ӻ÷һֻˡ
ʮŮЩ¶Ҳһ֪֪⡣
÷Сȵײײ֡
ˣСһ𡣡
ֽһ٣Ǹڳ༫йһ֮ԵСŮĳ
һ÷嵭
÷СĳƺЩ֪롣
÷Զȹ£ǫ̬
ֹŮС÷һ÷ѩġӽԺˡ
÷ѩġ
ǵ÷÷һϣ
÷ǰŪСƹһЩСֱ̽һų׵׵ѡ˳ԼŮֵݸ֡
Щ˵Լ飬ʱ򣬿ɲǴһŮʱ
Ҳ㡣ĻȻ˵
Ȼֻ䣬÷СҡһƬ÷ƮƮҡҡ޽ǡ
˷ġһõ
÷С۵͸¶һɼ㡣
Ҫҡ
˺һ̧ϵ÷
÷Χ
ԥƬ̣ûʱȥ÷С⣬һ÷˶Ϸ
˵ǶϷʵǹӪش
ڲԶͿǹӪء
عΧĻľȫΪή
ҲսۣѪͳױյòк
ֽ̤˴ʱӪʣĹ޲ֻ࣬ô߽׹ʹҲһ˵ģڵأڴ
Щ߽׹ʹһѪģһŨĹֻ»ޡ
ǵײǡ
ڿ⼸߽׹޵ʱ򣬾֪ԼҴʦʦѾ˴Ӫɨɾˡ
۶Ǽޡ
ʯţǧںδ
ʵ
Ǽֻ֮һŮڵأͷϴŶñſڵһװЦպռҪѾǰˣֱ̧ӳһնһ޵Ĳ
ǿͷ­ֱӹڵء
ۣһۣ۵ǿѹƵ侲
ǡţǧںδ
һƺϳ֣˶ΡΡ˵
ڡ֮ء
֮
ԥһ£ȥ֮أŻᱻһ
ǲȥ˭ܽʯǧץأ
һսۣҪиͷ
ɸ˸ǡʯ˵ǸҪҴӦˣҡ
°͡
Ȼ޷ȥ֮أôܼ򵥽˴ɡ
ʣļ㿴ңҿ㣬ûһ˸ҴӦģΪһ̧еĽƻȥһ˲䣬һޱæӦ
ǣ͸֪
ְĵȴƬ̡
ǹޱۣ˫ֲϽӡƺǹ󷨡ܿ죬ƳһȦɫѾĿ꣬ƮƮҡҡĳ߷ߡ
Ϸ֮صĻԨ᲻Ѿ׷ȥ
ֺȻ
ǵںܶǰԨϵһ
ܹ׼ҵԵģֵĻҲͨҵԨ
˵ôˣŶˣ˾һɡ
˾ơ
ʯ˵Ļ˾ƻħϢҲΪ
˾ưһΥ˵֡
ڵȴڼ䣬ʣļһһýָţʵʵڵϲö
޵ҲϣֻһŮӣʼſڵ϶̧ͷ
ýȥŮӱ̧ͷ
ȻٴεҶ硣
ֿŮӵòݺüͷ
ҶպȻ벻֣ǻǵŮϵĹ죬е죬㲻Ҷô
Ҷ˼˼ԼҲڵħ޵֣ĽȴŹ޵ĶǹӪء
Ҷڿֵʱ̫˵
˿̵ɢ˵ѹѾ̧ͷֱӵˡ
֮ǰʱرĲͬ˵һڽֲһΪŮޣôһֽվ﷢
һ˱΢̬ˣǶ
˶֮⣬ǳ༫ˡ
ʲôʱǸʲôᱰ΢С꣬Ѿңɼ̧ͷֱӵĹ⡣
ҶǿһЦ
ѡǲСġǣǱ°ġ
ѻһȥ
ܾﲻ̫ԡ
°㡭ʲôã̵ֱ׷ʡ
Ҷ˵ǰҶҵŴС㣬ô⼸ĹâѾҶ˼˼ǡôʤʿ£˭ȥ°һûŲӣûԼʵһʿ
Ҷ类ʵ࣬ε޲ط
ң°ҪõһЩϢ
Ҷ˵Ҳ֪ҺҼùϵãһ͸˵һЩҶҵϢǼã͸һ·Ҽǹ⡣
⻰ɵü
ô˵أģǹż͵˷ָ
ǼٵġҶҲţҶ˼˼Ҷ˻ڳеħ壬ҲóҲ̸Ҷҳѱ˵ǡ
ĴڶЩͷˡ
ŵˡ
ַϵһС÷Ȼ۵
УȻƮ˲ٵ÷
ŵ˰˵ġܿϢ
÷СȻΣӯڵϣɫȹƮҡ
λСֵļʹյҶߡ
Ҷڿ÷ʱ֪뵽ʲôɫȻһ䡣
÷С˫̧γһ÷ķ籩
ϵ÷ܿüò
÷СЩʥС÷ķ籩бۣüģһ÷ģͼڷɫĹâ
ҿıò
÷Сۣ˫ֳҶһơ
÷ķ籩ϯҶȫ
÷ȥԭڵϵǸˣѾױģ
𾪵صɴۡ
ԭǶҶ磬˿ѾڵһȻѾûϢҶ࣬һ»ꡣ
˵ǹ»꣬Լ֪ɹŵĶ֡
÷ɽһƺࡣ
ôСС÷Ůῴ
ֶǹ»ꡣ
»ϡܿһŮӵΡֻѾѪģġ
Ƥ
Լȴ֪˫Ѫģ۶÷С
÷СЩܵţŴ˶㡣ͷС˵Ѿʧˡò
ֺȻ뵽֮ǰڳ༫÷Сʱ
һ붫ŮӣƤӳ༫
ǸŮǡ
˾ơ
ǰˡ
˾
ֲ֪Ѿʮûм˾ƣѾܶûˡ
ҪһƤģĹ»ꡣ
˾ƣСʡ
Ȼȷǲǣ÷Сⷬ񿴳һüĿ
µ»Ҷԭģ
˵ǲҶǸԭģ
֣ǹ»ǻˣ̧ԼѪģԼˡ
ҵҵƤ˰ҵƤ˰ҵƤҪɱңΪһ͵ܵĺ꣬Ҫɱҡ
˾в૵
֪뵽ʲôŻŵ
ҪȥҶҪȥҶ
ܸһҶ壬ұҲ˾ƣҶ磬ҶҵţҶ磡
»˾ǻˣ޷ʧȥŻŵģ
ȴеķᵽһƺ

īĻҲ
һҪû峹׶Ķˡ
ȴ˶ݡ
˭ʡ
˾ƺعͷݺݶ֣ȻЦ
Ȼϵǹˣ
ҵľȣ
һȫµݣܻȥ
ҵԸΪһ飡
Ѿȷˡ˾Ƹ֪ԼﱻħϢ˭ġ
ȻҲὫʯԼĶ
ԭ
Ц
һȽϺá
ֱ˾ơ
㻹ǲǵ㵱αħϢ𣿡
˾һ㶣ƴ䡣
˾ƻ˾ϸĴС㣬ЩҲһСᡣƺʱżһһ췲ˣȴ֮á
˾ȻǸɴľܾˡһȥʱƹ˵һ
һֻ
˾ƺϲš

Ȼ֮ħϢ壬Σ
ʱ˸ߵĸס֮£ֻкͳ༫ɻ˾һӾôһŮܷԼŮȻǺƤ˳༫
Ȼûһ͵ɻĺϢǵǿ˾ϵӣ˾
֮˳༫
û˸Ժͳ༫ɻ飬˾ⱲӶ顣ȥ༫ʱ˸ˣֻҪ༫ûֻС꣬ͻǳ༫ˡ
֮֮ڳ༫ʲô
ˣСΪУ̽ڵеĵλ뾡һа취֡
ǻûеˣӭģһƤʹ
˳༫ɽ¡
һµֳһɡޱϧؿ
úһˡôͰԼŪز
˾ĶĻ
ˣұһ㻻һɡ
֮ͳΪҶ硣
ΪҶǼУΨһҪ飬ҰҺꡣҡ֡
ôء
˾ƿûôޱҪɱ֣ҵġ
¶оɣʼնϢ
ֱҲ޷䡣
ڴڼ䣬˾ҲʹԼΪʲôڳ༫Ϊʲô
ȰԼҪȥ
ֱһ̣㡣
˾ƽŵض֡
Ц
ħϢԨĶһм
ʯ˼Ŀ¡
˾޷ͣҡͷ
ܸħϢģԲǶ
ֺܵ
Ժʣ׿
˾ƿֵ̬˼ᶨѾҡˡ
Ҳ̲סԼԼһܱǹϣ
˵ʼվǼıһĻ
ҲţҲţһ׿ʶġ˾ֱһҲϷԼ룬Լһ̮
Ҳȥɡ
С
Ằһ
÷СһƬ÷ֵķ١
ԼжġûǸҳࡣϾ㡭
ֻڵϣûƤĻҵ˾ơ
ͦ˶ĵġ
תߡ
øʯĻѾ
ֻҪʯĳ־ͺá
֣
˾˺ɤƾʲôɥ֮ȮߵһƾʲôҴ֮Ůˣƾʲô
źЦͷ
ƾˡ
ᶨֻǿ󣬲ԱԼ
ʼգûжҡԼ
ǿѾԱԼˣһ
ҲԱԨ
ȥñȵףԼ
ֻһһǰߣڵϣҲҪߵ۷塣
˾ƺסˣû
һһ֮ħޣȫնΪҽ
һħŷɥɱ
СལһҹĻеĳǽ
ڳǽϣͺ𽱻滻ȥϢλӻֵ꣬Ŀһֲ
ӵ̾
㵽˭治ȥ¡
૵
ƺˣҲƺû
ֳųǶ⣬ۿԶա
þû
ǳɫ̫Ӷɽɽ建¶
ճˡ
ЦһۿԶ
𣿡
ʱϯһ쫷硣
ڷУһˮɫĿŷ米֣ӯ䵽ǽϣֵ̧ķ˿
Ǹ˵㡣
ᵽϵһЩϢ
ЦЦ
٣е˻ûء
ˡ
ԨԶ
˳Ǹȥ
ճľͷɢ
ǵصĹŷĲɷ
˰
̾һ
ں֮Уµ꣬ͺµ겢
˰
šǧ̡
л˵



213 
ʯǧ̻˫˫, Ҳֵ֮⡣
˴ǹħĽȻûǧʲôӰӣⱳȻ׼
˵ҲΪ
ֻԼ, û˵ļ䡣ȻǿԼͽܶˣֻһƸĳɽɡ
Ԩ˳Ŀ⿴Ƕˡ
ʯǧ̵ĳ֣Ĺ޺ħ޶ޱ˷ܡǻȲ, Ĺǣʱ
ɫıʯǧ̵Ľơ
ǧƺԶԶ˳ǽ֮ϵ֣ĿƬ̣ƺһᴹ׵Ķ, һ˦, ƮƮʯ, һźɡ
ڸԶĸ¥ˡ
ֱ, ͷƺһϷĿ, ĮصȴźϷĿ
ֵעȷǧϡ
ϾȽʯǧ̻ôôʵô򲻺ˣҲûбİ취ʯ˵, ʵӡ
Ѿ
, ʯɢ
Ԩվ, Ŀʯӿн䵽ǽƽλ, ²ŷ磬΢΢ס
ּ֣ˡ
Ŀ첻, ϵɷѾ޷ڸǵŨҡ
ˣɢҵ, ˰Χ, ѾϢļ
Լͨ, áʡȥҲ鷳¡
뵽˼Ըʯ˶¶һɵϲá˵ʱǴЦġ
º͵ģǲϵɷֻ»ᱻ˵ʲôʱĶˡ
˵ͬʱҲڻһֽǶȥ
ô׵ľ;ʯһأ
Ϊʼնչ¶𣿻˫۾ڿʱʼרעһ־Լȫŵأ
ֻ˵ʯѾΪδ壬ڶԴʱʼһȻȻǣΣػ
ʯ˵⣬ֵϡܵʯϣҲرֿ
ֻһеЩЦ
ڿʯ룬ʯʱ򣬿֣лᱻˣ
ֻΨһһ㡣
ֻˣǾƲȥһʯġ
ƿߡ
˵ǽʯ֮ƭˡ
Ͼ֮ػ޷ڻʯ
ȻʯѾһоͺðˡ
ָشʯĺÿһۡȴǺԨ˵ڴù𣿡
Ƕвٵķţһɫķ졣
ԨڳӵУ֡
ôһ仰ֵ֪ľġ
εش
򲻹Ҳ޷ڴ˴
˵ˣֻе˼ҪԼʯһϸ¡
ҲΪʦֻΪʯΰɡ
⻰ҲЦˡ֪Ԩˡ
ΣԼ״̬
һСལС
ⲻһʺĽԨϰĽȽ˵Ľռһֶ̣һᣬһխ
ȴҲУһһ̿ѧϰı
СལɢֵĹâ
СལߵǶм䣬ĳš
˵ǳţʵѾһ룬ʣһ룬ǿʿǿ֧šøħ޹롣
ʯǧ̵ĵԿħ޺͹ޣ֮Ļȳ棬ǵֵسǾ
ֿسǾ߬һؽһһҳ
ϢħϢ֯졣
ԷѪֵ֮ģֵģԼ΢Ϊǰȥֵģ֯һػŽʣһĳš
߬Сལ
³һ̧𽣡
һ̣һкء
˳ſڵȺħϡ
ɲǼ䣬ʮƵħޱһҴûһøɸɴࡣ
һᴩµһֱúնĽüܡ
ŮʱְγմɫѪŹ޵ãһȦҵ˳ǽϵ֣üЦЦ
СʦãɫŶ
ֿި۾ˡ
ʦ㣡
󻺻صĺ꣬Ȼ˫
Ǻܷ꣬üждŲ֣ͣƽղͬ
˫Ҳ˳ǽϵСʦãСʦ⣬Ǹ۵ˡ
һֱٻԼĽڿѰʯλãûκԥֽնϡ
ۣ漱ˡިһҲһ㣬ڿշ
ּԼҴʦͶʦֳʯȥһᡣ
ŵضţȴʯǿʲô۵Ķ̧֮䣬ɷʵʣި˫ɷǧгϮ
ި˫ǾḻԤΣյĵٷ
Ķᵽɤˣŵضţֻި˫һǧУȴɷǿ޴ڣκġ
ǽ²ŵһ˲ͻɷĹʸ͵Ϯ˶ˡ
ި˫һɲǵʱ䣬ʱڻһӰܿΣա
ٴεʱ򣬺ܷިüжһ˿档
˫ʯȻ²⵽˵ʵ
̫ިЦ֮Ǵ򲻹
򲻹Ρ˫Ž˫Ŀ䣬ȴսĻȣԣô֪
ިͨˣһЦ
˵öԣ
˫ֽӡɢ͸İ׹⣬̵ʱڣȫ
ٶʱިûκα飬˫䣬һ뽣ͨ
˫Ҳˡ
ŴӺͶ˫սƣ
ʯû뵽粻ʿȻҲԸˣ̧һ٣֦һ̽ӭ˫ײ
һɲǣرɫ
׹
ӰǷ䡣
Ӱٶȣ˷ֱס
ּٶȽס˷Ĵʦ㣬þʦ㣬ȴǸż
ިɫȻףҧһĨѪ
ҧأˣȴԱСʦʱ˵
ˣдˡСʦãɲҪסڵңЩǱ
ȴҧ˴ҡҡͷ˫ֱŴʦļͷһһ˵һһֱšڵĴʦ㣬ҫۡ
ʹ֪Լʵʹ֪ҲõĽԼ
ި˫޷˵سȥ
Ϊǵʦʦãһǰգķ
ިûסЦЦЦЩۣأȴŬֵ̧֣Ĵ
ԡ
ִͷɴʦ㸧ͷ
ڲԶԨס˫ȴǺܿɿ֣־˫Ŭ壬ģôһǱֵ̧ס˫Ķͷ

˫طԼˣڶݵʱڴȱ޸ˡ
㵵̧Ԩ
塣
ûв´Ѿû䣬ǿҪʹҲô׵ġ
Ԩȴʲôû˵ֻ
˫Ĭãֽվ
ԨΪֵĲȥֵλá
ַިȻԼһʲôȽĲߵֵ࣬΢΢֡
ʦ㣬㡣
ʱʹø߽ԨɫЩ԰ס
ިβ֪ܶʱԼ帴նƣⱳԨεȿɲ
ӵضԨ죬Ԩļ
Ǵ򲻹Ǽһˡҳӵ£
Ԩ֣Ҳûסһ
ʦġҸġ
ʮָ˴ʦͶʦʱڸգȴҲԨʩչķɡ
ȻЩвԶʯ
Щ΢ضǼˡ
ֺ񡭡ƭ
ԸΪΪμΪβ
֣ƭң
Իع
ʯɷءΧɷ
ֱֱ
صѪơ
Զ¥ϵǧ̡һжûһ̬ȡ
ţƭˣΣ
ʯмأƭˣȴЩ죬ҲѧƭȻƭĻ
죬Ц
ƭҾƭң޷Ľᷢ仯
Ȼƭң㶨ȻǲΪġһʱ䣬ҲʵЩ鷳ʵѪɲˡ
ʯѾ֪ߣ˵ʱЩյı顣
ȴһ֡
ˡ
΢ЦŻһǳء
ĽʿʿǽϵľˣгźЩСİǡ
񡣡
˵
͸
سǾʿգ壬Ա˰˯ѵ
Ȱ˵֣Ը׳ǡ
Ȱ˵Ը׳Ǳᡪһǡ
л˵
~
ڿ~


214 
˵ȷ̵Ļһ, ʮ˶ǵĶһ
ѡʮ˵һزʶŮ
⻰ʱ, ԼĶ䣬ֱʯ·ֱһ̲֪, ǰʯǹţһʲôˡ
ҵĻҲܳΪв
ëȻ, ô׾ֻв, Ǿʹһǹȥһ, һ, ˼һ
, ǰʯʯš
ڷӦһʱѾЩˡ
ʯµջѡ, һԼɵ, Լ
һɵ, أ
˭ѡԼ, Լ׽ˣԼմ״ʣ˵, 󲿷ֵɡ
ûס￩һ¡룬İȰ, ô
뵽˵Ļ
Ҳ뵽䵽˴ʱһСİܵĿ, ĳַ˵, ҲҲеεġ
o޷ˡ
֡
ǡ
룬֣Ҳֶٶȷ
Žһ
ҲԼȴӦȻƭˣġ
̧Ԩ
Ԩɫܿ۵׵һ˿⡣ȸ˵һ¡
ָԨλ̧һʹһ΢ģ
ңҲͬ⡣
ֽһ٣㵵ػ
ȴǴϵײײһָ꣬ҩꡣ
һѪۣΨ۾ɾ
֪Լ˵ʲô˵Ȼʹ֣ȴΥıԡ
һ˶ˣ֪֪ءһȥѡ˰ɡҲͬ⡣
سǾ嶼ڲ˵⻰ʱҲż尾ʹҧأ˵
ǳӼʮӳյϽ¥ǶֻҪһʱͻյͥ޲ߣǸ޷ⳡ𡣡
̧ͷз·ǹһ
ʱ콵ˮʮӴİɣ
Ѿ˵ˣվǶ޴ض꣬һŷӦ˵ʲôԥƬ̣С˵ͷ
ʱ̫ңʱˮֻ־񣬲δ뵽Ȼ֪ģΪ㵹ˮ֮Ȼڼûѡ֮УᶨƵվ
Щŵأء
˵ֻǵȻѡֻǴڱܣҪõʲô
ʲôûҪȴΪ֪ųؼѡ
سǾʹأ˫Ѿͨ졣֪Լ˵ʲôҲ֪ıʲô
֪ģ뵽һ޹ϵʿΪһնʹ㺣֮Ȼ𡣶ͬλʿΪϧ˵ѡԼðΣȥ˹ޡ
һˣȴȥȰԼôõ
سǾѡԼıԣòأȴᶨ˵
ҲϣԸ⣬Ϊػս֮
ֺһգգۡ
֪ô£۾Щᣬеᡣ
ŶɰͰ͵˵ҡ֪ˡ
ˡʹֻһˣʹֻô΢һϣҲҪȥػ
һЦسǾõЦЦ
л
ڴ˵֮ʣҲΪеѡҲܸмˡ
⣬ˡ
Ҳͬ⡣
طԡ
һ㶣˳ƿȥȴڳŽ䴦һʿ֮ǰ˵ģǱɼǵպۡ
ûʲôȳһѪ󣬲ž֡
λӵñᡣԡҲͬ⡣
Ҳͬ⣡
ڳǽ֮ϵĽ»ѵһأ˵ҵҪػҾñ˵֣
ҲǣǾˣӣʿҲػԲΪǸ
ԣҲͬ⣡
Ҳͬ⣡
־ȵط֣ЩسǾУԽԽ෴Ե
šһڳ֮ڣˣ亢ͯǵҲһ
ػİǣǳֵ֮Ĵлİǣн»Ĺ壬ҲͷƶǾһ֣֮ԼĶǰȻǶžԵİǣѡѡ
Ŀ飬
سǾʿգ塣
ǲһ壬ȴһͨ
һˣˣʮˣٵǰǶŪĿ֮
ԸԼԿҲԸԼİǡ
ִվԭأһ޴أŵתеҪõһ𰸡
תͿԨ
ԨıҲЩ΢ͷ·һȴ
ĿԣֵĻҺҪȷز̧Ǽ˵㡣
㣬ˡ
һ˲İˡ
ǵġȻoȥˣΪȴһΪ֮
ЦˡЦü䣬۾õЦݡ
ֻ
İػҲԼػİΣ
ôʧ
һĻȴʹʯ۾
֪ΪΣ˷ľܾʯ·ʲôݺݵػˣ٣һűۣԺеһĻ˦
oҲˡ
ǡͳͳ
ʯȾһ˿
һ̧̣еĽֱָʯ
ᶨǸ㡣
ˡ
ֻ㣬ΪһѸۡ
һ˽㡣
л˵


215 
⻰˵øɴҲʮֹϡ
֪еյ, ʯ֮
ӿƬ̫̫֮ϣϯһµķ籩
ڴ˴, Ʈҡ治Ψϵɱ⼸Ϊʵʡ
ڵʯþóĬˡ
һºʾ˵ǹ, һЩãȻ
һǳصƵΪһеڶ𰸵ѡȴЩһǺݺݵظһơ
֡
صض
ӳ༫ʶ̫һʲôˡ
, , С, ̡
Ҳһж, ȥʡ
һѶϵų, ôһ̣Ķ潣ü֮ȻȻ, ɱ֮
֮ǰֵ, ϡЩı˺ܶࡣ
ֱ׿˵Ҫɱ仰ʱ, ʯŻ㱵ķ, ǰ֣Ѿǵˡ
֪֮ʵĲ࣬Ҳ֪Ҳֻ޼, Ƕνվڷе, Ȼġ
֮뵽һˡʯԳЦЦ
Ҳ, Ҳͦá
ġɳ̫̫ࡣ, ͸ˡ
á
ʯáڴˣһ˽ᡣ
¡ʯ̧ʱ˫ȻһƬīڣһ˿İ
Ϥº͵Ŀ˵
Ҳ̫ءཻʮ꣬һһ档
⻰ͬĻҷµĴԼģҲһ档͵Ҷһݡ
䣬ƽڷ硣Х⡣ʯдһѶꪡ⼣߰ߣȴɱڡ
ֿǱ⼣߰߶ꪵʱüͷ΢
ϵɱ̫أƣɢԹսѹȡһ֪֮ϣ̫̫
ʯ߬Ŷꪣںڷ֮շжȻк
ִԼСལ
Сལˡ
綯رɫȻҹĻٹҹޡ
ֲԥ׳Сһϡ
ɫĹİҹ֮Ψһ⡣׹µĻ⣬ɲս
ֲδֱʯ̱ӣԽΪ棬ɽϺ֮϶壡
磬˪Ѹףɲ֮رɫ
ըѡ
޿ɱܡ
ʯԵԺڰΪϣŽֺּݵһС
ǽڽӴꪵʱ򣬶֮ϵİ߰⼣·Ťڰ䡣
ʯԼĶꪣ̧Զںڰ糡֮е֡
˵ǺڰĴȻһءһӰŽôֱͦٹη壬ڰҿ
һȻһ塣
ǹҲһս֮
ҪĲһս֮ҪģǱʤĽ֡
ʯֵһɫС·衣ʹûκԣܿСĵ֮顣
һ顣
˵˴˵СУҲһŵ顣
ǸʲôţüˣѾǵó˴һˡ
֮С·ģԼϤķꡣ
롭ơ
ʯСעжһХԹսɷϮ
ϯ֮Ƴ
ֻôһǵɷȻ̿
ַӦ죬˲ֵδʲô󣬲ٷ˷ʹ˻
ǧսɷֻȡһ㣬Ի
ֵҧӻûзӦѾڷٽӡ
֮֮ϡ
ĴǴϵıӡ
ڰĹҹ˺һѿڡ
۵ɷһɴ϶´Ľ˲ơ
һŵӡ콵֮ϣ޴ӡ֮
ɷʴڴ˵Ŀá
һӻӡ˴ûͣЪӡµ˲ֳСལ糯ʯϮȥ
ˣ
սɷ壬Ƿ˵Ѫֵ֮ܵģ
ʯǽ˵Ūڹ֮С
˵Ϊʵ
̶һɲѾڽ֮ʯҲãնԶӭ
̱ӵ˲䣬׶׻ʯΪЮ䣬Ի֮Ϊ
ʯֳֶӲһУɷתΪʵʰĶ״Ӱ˳˺֮µķǣ
ֲδаͣЪ
˲ֽӡעԽ棬ʵ޻ĽٴγʯϮȥ
һסСལĽ档
һһաٶϣҲСལֳ֮СལһУڷ֮Ծһֻ¹ɷ֮ϢĽޡ
ֻаϢͣһӭϡ
૚֮ڶݵ˲ѾܼǶ˶̱֮£ܵɷĸţʯüͷҲЩʡ
Ϣ
ǱϢԳܵĴڣ
񲻼ǵˡ
ֺҲ΢٣߬Сལһ˫ָһƤһĨ
ϤƤЩʹ
Ѫ
Ȼ࣬Ѿá
ٶ۵ʱȻѪȼա
֮ҲᣬѪսˣ

󱾱ڰĹֵĵطѾһ˪
ԨȽи󷨣ڽ֮ⱣŴ˴ǡ
ڿĿ
Ƶİڶ˵Щʲôеأżģǵء
иǹڵϣֿߵŰݣһʤ
֮ϯ
һһƮɢڷеӣǳɫǹ塣

ŷ磬һһǰ
ÿһ̤һ׵¡Ȼȼս⡣
һ̣һСལ׳
˫ֽӡƺХתء֮էȻ¶ס
ΣˮϢӯϡ
СལٴеʱѾʯϽ硣
ʯвߣһ̳
˻
е۰
߬СལȻûʯš
ȻͬͬʱʯеĶֵꪲļ
СལĽȻ͸Ľɫ
ϢԴԴϴСལĽ棬ʯڡ
ʯ˶Ƕˡ
ɷ֮ڽһ˲Ѿѡ
ȻɷĵѣԽܵأԴԴϵϢ
ֵ֮ӯ⣬Ϣÿһ
ϤģģҲŵġ
񡭡Ĳþ
ʯ϶һ˫۽ض֣·ʲô֮
ʦͽϲʦִͽ
ʼմڸ¥֮Ϲ۵ǧֱ̣˿̲λӰȴֵǰ˵ԲԵĵء
ʯ͵Ťͷǧ̡
˶ڲжꪸòȡ
㡭㺰ʲô
һ̣Ѿ˴𰸣ȴǲĵʵ
ǧ̷ֳֵ֣
ںڵѪ
ʦ𡣡
ǧ̻ͷѾڵصʯЦ㣬ж֮ҿʦڵʵҲҺ㣬ûʦ𲻸˵顣
˵ʲô
Ȼꪴ룬ɷӿǰڣþ˦ǧ̵֡
ǧǰһ̻ЦţڿǱ˦֣վŵʱЦʧޱʡ
ʦĶ²ͽΪʦҲϸͽһصĻ𣿡
û˵عͷҪʲô
Ȼ˵ѾһС
ԨΪ֧󷨣޷һʱ˵һ̸һ̱סֵʱɫ࣬ˡ

˵Ԩ
֣ǶꪰγʱֵļͷһѪѪ̶ͣ˲ѾȾһѪ
֣˫ͨ죬ֲֵļͷ
޾
Ԩֵ֮ļͷȻѪɷ£ʹЩЧȴҲֹѪ
ָоԼЩͷΣԨĻкһ˾䡣
ۡ
Ԩҧء
û£Աķӡ
ûõġ
˵ǧ̣俴˵֣ǵƿһ̣죬
ʦo֮Ρֵܵ˹ɷ
Ԩ̧־һ
ǧ⧲УǱļ˹صѪ
ȴЦЦ
ʦ𣬲ҪҪ˽ʯ˽ҡ
˵ţ½óһľɫĽС
ֺʲôԨ̧ͷ
Ԩܸоֵ뷨ӹ˽УһȴһŻ塣
ǵյģʦĻƬгһսʦ𸴻ʦ֪һУҲ£ʦҪˡ
ʯﱸһ裬ұܡǶ¶ԷռȻҲҺãͽһᡣǧؿԳЦЦʦͽ뱻Զ
Ԩ彻֡
Ż壬̧ǧ̡ǧޱصȴСʯڵؿڣͷһ
ƣر˱ۣ塣
һůͬһǹꡣ
֮ء
ֱۣ建λ
Ĺλ˲ƺˣҲ˲˲پ¡
־þõرֱۣоһƬ궯ѰŻۡ
Ԩ۾ͨ죬ۺѪ˿ض
ʹ֪Ļ壬ǧ̣û
۵ʱԨ֪ǧ̵ǶԼʦžϧûжʦĻ嶯֡
Ԩ֧˿ѾˣѪɷʴ󣬵Щʵġ
Ŀǧϣǧ̲֪ΪЩɪۡ
ֿʯ
ʯ·֮ŨϢ޷ܵĴڡ
ɷ֮Ѿ𣬿Ϊʲôܸоһһۣ
۵޷۵˺ѷΣҧأݻǷǵ졣
ǡ˴ˡ
ġoˡ
ʲô
ʯ
վԲһӯı仯
Ŀƽȴƽ֮࣬һoĮ
ʯһ
һǿţŵأ̧ͷ
̧ͷʱֲŷ档
ۣͨһ˴ĺӣֵصٵ𷣡
ֶ˶٣ȴ֡
ģǺɫһϢ
ʯ񷣡
˴˵ĹȥٴΣ˴˽񷣡
û뵽ֵ
̧ͷ¶һЦ
þò˴ˡ
ȴǴ
֡
ԲˡˡԽܵһ档
ʯôҲû뵽־˴ˡ
ֻҪһ뵽Լʲô뵽ǲּͷĶꪣͺԼ˿ڣЦЦ
ֲش⡣
ҡֻǡ
ʯ˵ţۣ¡
̫ˡ
ֵĮ˵
ⲻɡ
㱾ڹսɷΪΣ忴Ϊ֮д뽫̵һˡ
˵⻰ʱҲ룬ʱΪoϵΪ˽̵֮ǲǲʯļ֮·
Ҵˡʯ֣ĵĺɫ񷣡
һС˵ˣԭ𣿡
ȥһСظģҲҲܵõأ
仰ʱû̫ǸɷӣѾ˼š
ܡ
ֿǵĮ
޷塣
ʯԼþ
֡
ֻ֣˴ˡѾȷǰˣ˴˵һ֡
Ȼˡںܾúܾǰڳ༫żȻһֻС
˺ϵ«˯ᱧβҡҡλεڻ档
Ϊһֻµʱ򣬻е
һ¶𣿡
¶ġ
ڹȥļʼŹ¶гһո˴ˣͲ¶ˡ
ּʮ顣
ÿʱ򣬺ŮͻСʯţһ𡣻ΪǵһȤζ
༫Ĳ֣˵Ԩ˵С񣬾µС¹лС
ʲôأѾõ˴˼ʮˡһҶĿ塣
ʯͷ˳¶
ǡҽܳͷ
ͷ
ִԼġ
̾˿
̧֣ɫ񷣴ʯС

ǧΪΪɡ
ɫ塣
ʯһ˲仯ĺɫ𣬷һ֮䡣
ɷɢ֮޻̡
ˡ
ƮһϢ
ɽ֮µɽǽһƬȻںɫ֮ʱľ괺ݳȸػشء
ֱۣһʯ
ǧΪԼ壬ȫڻ
֮еǾǾúأȥһƬһƬĺɫ
ǻҲǻ֮
֣һƬɫƮƮС
ſá
ʯ
ӹսɷ֮ʶ̵·˼һѡ
µĻۣ˲
ģҲ̬
֮ʯ
Ҳš
ɿ֣һɫƮ
Ŀǧ̡
ǧ̲֪뵽ʲôУЩ
ʦҲҪɱ𣿡
ǧ̣ʲô
ǧһ㶡
ʲô
ǰʦҪʦ࿴һۡ
ܸܲʦ𡣷÷ӵʦ𣬻᲻ȫ
ʦ𡣡
૵
ֻʦ𡣡
ִ
ˡ
ǧ̡
̧֮ʣǧ޷ֿسƮȥ
Ρ
ΪΪʲôšҲ֪ԭһУעġ
ǧû
ȴִӽȡһ÷ӡ
㵵صɴۡ
ʦ𣡡
δ䣬Ѿ÷С
ǧֵֻؿ
ǵˣ֡
ǧ̺һ͡
Զȥɡ
һ䣬̡
˻ΪԶͽܵĺӶʡֻԶ㡣
л˵
Щд̫ˣ


216 
˵ħħƺ, ħ˳սֻʣʧȥǹڡ
˵˼ʣǹĹֻʽٵû, ֻһŲµ׽
ͷ˼Ĺɢ
һһݲеɽ, ֮£طģֻ˶޷ǣдеɽЩ죬һ, ߹һһ˵Ĵ, νһ, ̮
նԷɨѪۺۼ, ľͰ, ľ裬óˢɨһһ㽫սۼɨɾ
سǾǷһȥһǣһּ¼ⳡս۵ʿš
Ϊǹ򹴽, λһǧ, ͽʿ, Ǵʢ֧, λݣţԳϿռΪ, Ϊִ£һ֮С
ӧҶʮŮҶ˼˼Ϊ, ˼ǵĿŮҶ硣Ҷһ嶼پ, Ҷ˼˼, ʮµҶӰӡ
вţЩȨǶһҲ̸ϸࡣ
ۼڴˣάĲңǹصܿܿ
ڽսۺ󣬲Ŷ׷ɢӴܵǹڶȥ»˷ˡ
һͬҲ׼뿪ˡ
ʦ˵ްں͹ĽռϷ磬ָЩʱѾöˣΪĹයЩӣֻСæܲܰҵѩ档
źǣΪһ˵ˣѾֻС궼̤ˮˡ
ֻҴҸһݿţȥѰʱƺȡ
ʦͶʦ׷ǹϳȥˣһʱûϢ
ҲʦֺСʦִһʼʹҪؼҡһսУ̫಻ɿ֮£ʦһڼңֻǵǵĻˡ
ȻʦûģҲǻ޵ġ
Сʦʰǲʦ޵ġ
ִһ˯졣
˵˯˯μǰ¡
ʼЩü䡣
ֻСʦ˵⻰ʱûס
ȷʦޡ
ǵȷҪЩȥʦƽ
ΪʦȷܼǹԼͽܡ
ǡ
뵽ǧ̣뵽÷Ӻļ䣬뵽ججֿŲϽܣµǵᡣ
վڴ΢΢̾
ǧ̵ʦһЩվҪġ
۷֮ǰ˴Ůרǰһлڴˣȴϵ˴֪ԼƵ΢ѡ޷
ʶ˸ؽĸ׳ʿ˺ޣ˵ͦЧ
սȻƽʧء
˻ǵŮǵİܰʲôæͰ㡣
ŪСӣЩݰҩʲôġҲû뷨оԶúúҾͱˡ
ţҲΪǸˣ֮ǰڻ˲ٵֲԶ˳ˡ
һ΢İ
֪ҲδƴǣȥЦǺ˵
ֹ´Ծơ
֣µص˵ͷ
ãһΪ
༫˾һۣϴȥϿ־Ĵʣڽͷ˸ǻСʳΪ׵̴¥ʱﱧһСʳиĲڡ
༫Ѿϣֹʱ̣
̴ݻ䣬ӸڼŹǷǳһ䶼ˣء
ʲô༫Ҫؾŵģ֪ôǡţ
̴ݺֵ֪ʦ֣˶һۣƲŵĻش
ԨǰƺûôæµʼĦԼ󣬷·ڷ
ֱȻȴǿ֡
ˣѾѧʲôֵĴΪ׼
Щģ
༫ȻЦЦ
һڳ༫ѾǶǰˣ
ǺͶʦСʦһȥǴΰɡΪԨأһζԣʵûжӡ󣬷ǳ
أ㶡
˵༫ǳ𣬶Щ֡
𣿵ȼ༫ģ˭õ
Щ£Щȥϸ롣
˶񣬶̴ǳֱȴҡҡͷ
ȻȥҺԨбĵطҪȥһˡ
Ԩԣȴüʡ
ˣ
Ц
˵ûеڶѡ񡣡
ԨЩεģָ̧֣ǣ΢΢̾
Ҿ֪ȻִˣǾ͡ɡ
Χ˲δֺԨĶԻǳȴֻ֪ǲȥ༫˾ص˵ͷڰ֡
УЩ
ȴǽҪؾʵ
̴ݺ赽ײ˵ֻֻ֪ǲȻس༫ģҲ޷ֻȰȥó༫Ȼȥ
ڵ˻زءǾͲܲݵˡ
ˣҪ֮¾ȥˡ
ֽһƬǺ͸׷ǧ
⣬Ƚи껹߶߶˵ҪʦЩʲôʦǳڿҪҪسǾֵܸ
Ŵ֣һҡ𣬳Ԩ̧̧֡
֮ϣ𣬳
ɵġ
ջһЩ˲ϲϢֵöϢ΢΢˿УմֻһϢ
ʱϼڿɢʱ
أӯת˸ֶԨС

Ԩأ°ڷ
䡣
ڷбöǰ鷢أزŪ鷢
ϤϢ
˼ڰ֮ϣ̺ͷ񷡣
ƶơ
ûбʳϢ˵Լǡ
վڱİ֮УЦȻɡ
ԨһŷӦ̾
ˣɡ
ֽ⿪˰ϵĺ
ϣ׹һ塣
ϰδУݸֵһ
𣿡
һƬ塣
еĻƬλҲ˵ĹҲᱳoϵΡḩأػ
Ц˵ͷ
ţˡ
ֻȫoϵܽ⿪Ԩ䡣
ųһȫµ
ţʹȫҲ֡
Լɡ
ֽӹ壬УؿԨ
ʱ˭һҼǵҸ¡
ԨĬ
İע֣˫͸ۡ
Ĳ֣oˡ
á
ԨӦˡ
ҲһԼ
߬Ż壬ͷؿ
ʲôԼ
ԨЦĿ
֮ϣ֮¡
Ψˡ
һѹ
ֶؿԨأüһ䣬ЦޱȲá
ã
ʱҪŶ
̧塣
է𡣲ɫ
֮ط·ڸ߸裬ǷҲǻĿϡ
֮ɫӲ֮£һϣֵࡣ
ۣ޷𣬷˿Ʈҡ·Ǳϡ
֮ϣֺį
Ԩ˫죬Խ֮ޣݺ߬סµĹ⣬׷ķÿһε飬Ҳҧز׷ȥ
ʱСҲġ
ףɫ֮УԳԽصʱߵŮ
޾غҲԨڴݻеļء
է
ת
ɫҷسȹӯӽ
ŮڷīƤһĨǳɫѪĺΡԨУ
϶˲ϢŮȴڿ֮еԨʱüһ˿ˮ
ͷԨУ֮ǰÿһһЦض֡
Լ顣
Ԩ֣߬
Լ벻
ȫꡪ
л˵

һ£ֱرģԨ̷㵽סֱԨ̵Ĺˡ
дģҲһһģҲġʱҲ׷дһǧʱ򣬵֣ǻعִ
ûзӦáҪҪдǷддǵδǾõģ
ɳֱû˵Ԩ̣ǻһֱҸȥеĴǣǵHE
лһ·ҵСǡһĹ£µǵҪĽ֣ǲ⡣ΪֹҸܸõĴϣǶϲ¡
Ҳѧ࣬һΣϣܱƣдñϲƷ~
ղһר±~


±رС˵ַwww.27txt.La
ÿ£ϲȥ