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ҧȻ㲻ͲԼһӵļ仹ס

С糡
һʼǧĵ°;棺ҪԼݣ治ô˼
գ۾˳Ӧ£Ťͷʹ˰ӡ
ŴƤɫ󣺱Ϊүܵõүĳ谮ΪҪ֡
Ц֡ûʹŰӱˡ

˾֮ֻҪҵͲס

ף
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1.   1    

죬ŭողڣ겻ڶ

Ժ鷿Ҳ꽻ӣźɫ۵磬磬ݺݵһ˶У򽿻顣

糺ĽСŮ촽ҧˣȴסϵӣԡ

ҹɫͷƸڰһĴϢձˡ

űϣһ˫ƶʵӵϵŮӡ

ȶΡΡʰڵǽ壬ִһȡˮǫĹµʰһĨ

մ飬ûʲô˵ģĮʵŮ仰ֶȥ

ÿҪһݣҸո̫һָ׶ˣ۵òסӡ

ɵͷ¶Ű߲ۼĽ·ū֪үĹأһжүš

Ķ£漴ɫվ佫ߴͣӥƵģڸӰ¡

̧ҵ°ͣδɢǾޱĽգۣүҪ㣿

Ҵӣ΢΢ݺ˰֫ĲԼģǿסüĳ嶯

ūǺūšǩģҷҲû๵Ȩ

ūȴ̣ҲԼ

ô˵ϵ˹ױ˱䣬ϰ˲˲Լֻ˦֣°ɡ

ںźʮ꣬꣬ô֪ءһ仰˵ֻ͵ӦȶϽȥ

ϸͷȥɫԽѿõ̲סˤһϺǫ̃

ӣⳤ泣ڣص˾䣬ǽ壬뻽˽ʰ

վǰǳ

£ͷըѣг̲סﶶ¡

кЩͷûӷôˣѲҹûźã

˵ܹǰҹÿθһƵĳӲ鲻

ѲҪ飬ҹﲻߣ˼ţȴһҿԣϽ˵ͷ

ľͷӾÿʹʱ巴ӦܳʵʵˡӲϲ

˰ׯȥׯϡ˺һŰѳнؿڷԸ

Ϊ̫ӵĴ£ǸݵĿȢҲֻίһʱˡ

һг䶨ƽһҶ˸еĴãٽ˽ӻݵλʱҲ͸ҷſЩˡ

ҲҿֻУ̢ʱ滨ģ࣬ϲ˷Ӧ

ȻźþˣȴԽԽҪղžͲýߡ

ƽ·ѵӣҲԸ

ǡһָֻ侲Գֵģ֪Լˡ

ҹߣӲ˲ġ

ҹҲɵûźôãΪԼܳ˲ɣ

һôġ

żȶԼķ䣬ȴˮϣŻᷦӴǵĹȡСϻ򿪣ͷĶǽǾޱСϲԾָˡ

ںźʮ̫̫꣬ͺүٴ̻ȥЩӣһʮƱ͵͵ȥǮׯģʣ黹жʮЩΣ㹻úܺˡ

ϻãؽѵ£ؽԼӵϡ

үմ飬¸ǰͻԼҲʣյĹˡ
ֻҪȥЩСС׳һѾߣǼ䷿ӣüĶѰĺһӣٺò

ƾڿܸɵӣܰСӸãʱСӡСҿֺĿɰӣ˯ǰ̲ס¶ЦĵŰƴС
ڶһ磬ȸԼ˱ҩûô̿ڣɵˮں󣬱Ͻȥǰͷֵ

ûӦһźˣү˳ͿԻȥʰ
ţ΢΢̲סЩǴȸԾ˱׼

û˶ҸϽɫԺС˽ź𴲡
쿪첲źŴϴǰ˵İ¶ֻҲŶ

ɫ˲ʹպ쵽˲Ӹϣյ峿Ⱦޱߴɫ
ˣǽҪϳ϶ŹŮˣ

˿δųȥֻǽеܵܳţ
֣ؿֹס꣬ڻǵȵһˣһҵ汲ӣ

ϻżֺ߹Цпڣʰ¶ζ㡭
磬ƽǧβױˣͷȥء

һǵƽˣҲ˲øҶ˵ЦЦһ仰͸Ͻܳȥˡ
Ȼٹȥ㡣

ͷѾߵľ̾ǧ˵Ҫǰö죬ֵƣϵϺö鱦ء
ȻҲΪĸզ࣬ȴûжĽҴǸ֪֮ˡ

ͲǴС㣬ԱЩӵСǣõѾˡ
Ҫ˻ţԺҲܸһӣӵԼǳ㡣

˿סȸԾŲطȥʰԼĶ

ֻǸհѰƤڴϣ߽ˣΪ׵Ǹ֣ͷиʶĺˣپԺߵĳ֮һԴŸɫ̣ϰʵ񻨾ƺ;Ʊ

ɫ˲ɷףǣҪʲô
ң˵ǰᴦ˷ˣͱΪˡԴͷ

ܣү˵˽ʰ˵Ҫߵģ̲סǿҪܡ
Ҫү

˻֣סңšס첲ѹڵϣȴôȥ
߳ǰһŲϣƾһѾߣүҲԼʲôݣź껹ǸѾߣϵнղǡ

˵꣬˿źԸ֡
ץסҵͷǿͷԴѾƸ˽ȥֻ֣վſڵ

ʱ̣Ҿ͸оϺͷƤʹˣоʹŶڵϣѪǰʱ̲סҵЦˡ
ԭ껹˽ôأǲֻ̣Ǻľ顣




2.   2    جΣ

Ǭʮ
ǵشˬ峿ȴģˮӡ

컹ڣֻԶī֭ϡͺ¶ɫǾ⣬ӰӰ´쾮ڴæµƵİ
̫ñڣһȴѾżѾͷ׼ź̫ʲ

κˢùɫԽӵĺ÷ڲյϺԸ
ͬɫҽӹ÷еëˢɴ򿪵Ÿ󻨿ľ񣬴״ɹҨηڰͭڣ÷㣬׼ˡ

÷ǻţһź̫Ҹָһ岻ȥͷɻȷǹǰҺ㡣
ͬΪһѾߵһۣû˵

Ƽɫֻҡͷû¶

÷ཱུѾͷһ˫ˮﷺѪ˿̲סԴǰͷţЪҲ޷̫˫ӣҪ۵ģ˵ϲӣҲʡ

ҳúÿں࣬һСǵİƤӣˮ⻬˫ˮĴ۾Ŵ﷢
ֻ۵С̫𪣬еѪ˿µڱرԣһûϢá

ұһᣬۿ˼ʪϽͷ߬˰Ѻ÷֣л÷ҡ
һͭˮƲƲͷվſû˵䣬Ҳ̫ûĵڡ

˶ѾǶŽţؽȥź
佫ң̫Ҳʮ壬ƽɴ࣬ϲ̫ź

̫ϴֿ꣬ͷұ͵͵˳صԼͺ÷ķ
һ͵˴ϣֹסػӡ

ҼǵԼʢģǰ˶ƣ۵ʧȥʶȴǬʮ̫Ժѹأ

ģһֱجج϶⵽һجλһأ
סӣ˺ѷεʹȴ·ϣôֻجΡ

ںܿȷˣʤ̣ձҪظ
ǵһգǴС갲̫̫ţС԰ޱͻȻ˿ˮߵò

ҲɾᣬǿԼϢ˻Ⱥ÷ҲŸϽʰãȥǰź
ٵĺ÷ֹסᣬҧסڴס
ϣԼֻǷһجΣ÷Ҳôҡ

ʰҵ飬ҵͷȥ̫յ¶ŶŽԺ
·ӵĴʱþȫûȥŬɵЦ

˵ѾͷĶȥˣŶƲ㣬ȥˣ̫ƯС̲סЦŵ٩
ʹˣϲÿ̫һþϲұ֣ƽϾϲźǰͷѾ߼˳ֱһѾߡ

һЦŴȤ÷˵Ѿͷû˯ã֪үҪ˵ء
üû˵ֻվ̫˴

ЦǳЩ˹Ż¶Ҳû˵
šüصһۣոǻ˵һѾͷҵŸүǶСǷʰˡ

״ɫһףڨڨĲ˵ԽԽ˵ǰӽŮ˶̲ס۲ϸһĨġ
óƯѾͷ̫˼Ѿʮһ򲻿ȢޣԺ˴ʹֻһѾͷҪɫõķŵ

ûң̫϶ȥ
̫Ըңļʺֹסð̲סʧ˷ִ硣

÷ɴЦ֪үʤ̹Ķв˵أūˮֽ峿ЦҪū˵˵Ŀ϶̫ɫոÿЩ

˵Цһ䡣
˵Ĺ򣬴󷿶ķǲŸСǻЯˡ

ĸ밲ĸǹˣɰŮȥأ֪Ҫ˵İɣ󷿵ճС԰һžЦ
ָŵ԰ЦѾͷͷ֪ϵɾҪ̤Ǹż˿

ĸ԰ŽŴ߲ŮҲǰֺãںܿ
Ͻȷʵˣȥ֣Ǳ߹ȥˣֻʳҲͰˣ⻹ɱӻռ˺˵ĳǳء

Ǭ۴ŭԶɺԶɴԶ˴ȥ
Զ£Զıֱ֣˳߹سǳأֻɥȮķɿʹ飬ҪΪܵĸ

ǬҲ֪֣ǲͬ⣬ǹȥǽ϶ҪڣǺ̸
ԶǸӣú³ǳأŽ˺˸ͨ˱߹ó·ӡ

ܹţǶԻ׹廹ϰ˵ֵý¶ԶʦسǰվͿʼ׼ˡ
ҪȽҪЩҲţȥùٹҲ˵˻ӻϲŶżϱЦ

һ᣺̫̫˵ģǺүҲԸĸ׶һϱҶ𣿡
˳ҲȤɩ˵ǣЩָĸ׸ǵòͷء
˵̲סЦ

Ǭ۴££󷿶Ѿ
ǵ̫ĵŮΪĸɥ˻£ʮʥϴͻ˹ĵүԶɳм򸮡

ȥ߹ش̣ǴүһȥģҲҪһȻߡ
㲻ٶ˵ֻѾźŲ̋ӣϱŴơ

⼸˲˵϶ǹȥġ
ﱲС԰ϲμ⣬Ҫ˵ˣзְҲ˲١

Ϊܳ裬ϲ˵ỰĶС԰Ϊ˼ױŵĸҲҶ˵ջ㲻
ͷߣվ̫߶裬ʹͷֻ֣żС԰ޱǱƮ

˰Ĩ˰ƣ̧ͷĹɨңͻȻЦĸߵѾͷԽԽˣ˵÷Ѿ£֪ҿɶûУûУϱҪƤԺĹһˡ

ԺһϣŲȻ÷ס

ʱС԰ͻȻ˳
ѽѪ㣬˵Ķˣĸˣ

ɫ˲ɷֽޱߵĺͼסϣͣһϢ




3.   3    ߻Ǻ£

㱵ûע⵽̫ǰͷ˰˵껰ʱڶڲסķߺޡ
ȫע˶С԰ޱϡ

Ϊ˽̵Ȼǰûɵ԰ޱܿͷӦԼ˿ˮ
ӾЩոֻظС԰˵Ż

±¶ͷһ⣬ΧȫѾߣ԰ޱ˲͸ʵڳԲס˵Ŀ⣬úͷܡ

ǰޱҲˣԿʼ࿴˼ˡϲǴ¶˳żЦȥͷ÷ȥС׼Ѻ´¶ͷᡣ

ϱܿ䶢С԰һۣɫ׵ͷתͷ̫Ц
лĸףޱ⺢ƤֻǺһϳҲСһûˣϱȥȰȰ

ϵͷɢ˰ɣһϢٽȥǡ
Ϻ˰ԣֻôȻԼԺӣ֮ǰζһۡ
Ŵӻѹ漴ֽűĵ׺

ôأͺ÷ıң˶ġ
үԶԴȥǿʼͶԼ˼ۼԽãү˽żüΣﻰⶼȥ˼

Ǹϸģ͸үߵĳʹӣ˵¶󣬾Ҽ޸ԼױĹ¡
̫Ը⣬ͽʹ˻ҵס

÷Ĺɩȥɥ̫СֶСˡ
̫ƣȻͬģұƣ÷֣衣

÷о춼ҪˣĻǿȥСֶӣ֪Сֶ˵ǰһȥõԼܳȥ߶ˡ
Ū˼нʣѪҲף÷û˻ȥ˼һϣҵ

ʱ÷Ҫ޸ԺµСӣͻʣ¡

ϻԸŹңƣ̫֪֪ү˼ֱӰҺﶼͨ롣
ⱲӣٸĻᣬҪú÷ޣҲҪЩС˵õӦеıӦ

ң̫ҵԴʲôأ㶼Ӧ
ҷ²ߵ̫󱳣Цū˵ĻأūͻȻСʱ̺ū澶˼ҵġ

ѾЩȣֶ˼ؿ
ղ̫ˣ˵Һаأûǲ̫ţ

ŤͷۣƯ峺ף֪ǻûϣҲǲðŻ£üЦҵ֡

Ѿͷżˣģ̫̫ҲϹġ
һĨϼĵ¿һ㶯ˡ

̫˵ʲôأūżˣūȥݲ裡Ҷţ˳ȥ
ֱ˱ãϵĽƽšü˼

λֳʦسүүս˼νү˻үȥ˹
ֻүûʲôܣҲظ

ҲүԶ־͸ЩŽ˰żҡ
պ÷͸õ˼йɩصŶˣǰк÷ֶӴС

ŵĹ򣬴ͷ˱ãҾͳĨ᣺ҽ㣬ԽԽˣһͿʼء
ҴЦųʱڣֲˮţǰɵƭء

ⷬɣԼߣýܹȺ÷ˣһѾߵȱ
̫֣ճź̫ߣֹõͿⷿʣ̫źıĸһѾߡ

±ĸѾߣ˸ѾͷʹʹСɡ

Ϊ½һѾ߼˻ʲôû취ź߶ҪŸСѾͷ̵ź

Ѿͷ˴ֱֱΪ񡢴÷ʹɣ÷ԴŴŴ䣬ѡ˴÷ֻһɲߣûϲʵ

ҲΪǰޣұţ˴ӵĻҲź
ֱѾ߶ֻ˴֣ڱúͿⷿʲӵı߶

÷ҲӣΪѾ֮ס
ҵķݶϣƽʱ̫ʲôóԺģ÷ţһݶдһݣǵۡ

źڶʱŵԼ֪ôιİǣ˰ϵĺô뺦ҡ
ں÷ºźԼʲô֪ȱ

֪ʱ򣬴ƫͼ޸÷ǸСӣӵ˹ӡ
ɲٸᡣ

Ժۿ壬ҵͷס䵭Ȼȥͷ̫̫Ѱɣӵ¶һ֣ٽ֡
һ¼ˣֻҰ÷һڱźȥⷿʲôǰ;С۲ű䵽ͷġ

ҽ㣬ҡ
ôˣֻҩӣֲڻ̫̫ѣֺ˵İɡҶŲյߡ

ܴʲô˼ȥ˺ͷʵһĨɫ
಻ԣֶֻ˵ˣû뵽ȻǱȥѣǲǸ

ڴɻסĵĹͷͻȻµ˲١
̫С˻Ŷ˵үѾٹʱܻظˣ

ɵ۵Ĵɣ첽Ųˮţֶ̫Щ
ȥ˹үҲЩѧ̫һԸ

Ӳֻ֣˲һʱŮֶصá
鷿ڽѧŻڳ̵үǣյš

ʱ̣һ΢Ӱλ԰ֵӴ粽ͷһž͹˵ϡ
ӻˣĸ밲

ĸ밲˸ϼ˶վɫر𼤶
Ϸվۿͨ죺úúãҵԼҵĺöɣĸ׿

ߵߣַסĸ첲
Ϊ·ϻŷ糾͵ζټǽϳ˸ߴͦЩˣ͸ӥչƵģһɷ֮

Դ˵Ļڴ齼ǺľС͵͵߬סǿվֱѾ糺죬׵Щ͸
ԼĺźȻЩ˸ֳ䲻ڣжˡ

̲סɶˡ
漴ŤͷΧŵӣдЦһȥ£úȥȥ϶šݵģɵúúòҵĻŷḻЩ

ｿɤӦǣūȥԸ
ûǸϸģɫ䣬Ƴ۵ͷ̫̫ҡ

ǽط۵Ĳɨһ۾ܿͨĶͲ԰׵ɫҺڶ
򲻶ɫü΢ѾͷǺ߻Ǻ£




4.   4    ܹ

ͷһΣҲһƯѾͷֻºɫ
漴һһսϵ¶үԶԴǣүԶûʲô˵ģʹүԶ˵Ȥ¶˵˼ｿЦϣ縡

˵˻ӻϲ̼㲴ϵӣǻȥʰ
˶ţֻĸ˵

ҳû˺첽˳ȥǰ·ΣⱲҪմı߶
Ŀ̹ǵۣͺ޲Զǰ

ҲȻȥϴ裬úóԵ㶫Ъζٹĸ˵֪һ·࣬᲻ԼţֻЦŷԸ
ԱīԺˮ衣

ȱ۾ԡͰ𣬴󿴼ǽطŷɫϸ۵ĲС¹ˮĻӣֹס
սϴˣֻĸӶնѪȷ磬һصǵ϶ᱻŴֻϧǸĸԺѾͷ

ôţȴǸίԼݵؿԼԸī
ѸٴӺԺƫһֱ׼ŵī˹

ûһھʹԴصĺŮٴĵ-
иõĳͳֹס°Ӳ˶Ѱ˼ţȵ˿գҲȥͷ¥﷢йһ²ǡ

ѾǰʱЩʳȥ˯ˡ
˺һīϴԵ糺죬ŴųЦЦԼ˺Ժ

峣ʹ˸ɫīȱŽʰ
ֻ˯һʱչʱȥãĸ˵

һźţĨۣǳڿУȻ֮ɫ
ֻζûţͻȻ֣Ϊ͵͵˵ǸƯСѾͷһֱû¶棬ֹסЩЦ³

ϼü̾˿ʹ˸ɫֱ򷢺÷ſţ⼸źѾͷ˳ȥ

ſڣǰͷĹǸͻɩãﻰⶼԼҵŮ˵׵˼ҹغãǵճŮǴܳĹŮò˫ȫ㿴

εشϵĻ֪ʲôڲǳ׵¶ôɩ˰ɡ
ԣú޲ܴơ

˵ʮ͸ÿʼ˵ףϸ߸һ࣬ò׿¼ʵ˼ңŸͨͨʱŸ˵ʵʱͲûιȥ
ΪǬһëȥˣֿʼ̫

Ȼʺѹȥʮ̫꣬ͲʥϲܳģĶӡ
ʥϲֹһα¶Ҫ̫ӣӣκʷһϳͬ⣬̫޴ѰǸλӡ

˽̫һɺͶһɶڵĵĶҪռϷЩ
ۿʥͽ󣬻֪ܻ꣬Ҫһ죬ǽжӮˣԼһţֻȫܲ˳ն³

Լվ̫ߣ̫࣬²ȢޣҲ½һõ˱ҹԼĺӣٳٲϳס
˵ԼԴҴϣôͲȢˣǽڣ

ԺһֱźµѾߣ϶ҪԼĶӺзˡ
㼴㲻ȢޣôҲӰɣ㿴󷿶챧ˣҪ𣿡ϵûסݺ˰ĸ첲Լۡ

ǰǱĮģִСҲˣбϣϷɵЦüûȢôأȳ׺ԺĻݲݶҪ˵ģ˵Ӹˡ

ߣҵǵţֻλܵȵϱ죡ݲأ⼸ػ߾ֻһѾͷͷ֪ģʼˡ
÷⻰ɫ̲ס˺죬˼ԶԶ㿴ڱſڣԴԼ

Ц΢΢ҡͷ
Ť˱ý￴Ųˮ¯ӣǰô̫ˡ

˶ãҶϯҲվ
̫ߣＷҽ̫˵ĻҴԶԶֻܿžƺǵơ

̫ϾƺǿѹסԼĲҲϣϽһܵ߸ʹүơ
޵ٿȻȥһĨɻ

ǸɫģԺˣ˵δĸ׵ԺѾйأСѾͷ˹һô˼
Ҳ֪ĸ̣Ͼƣ򴽱סүԶֵ

Զָղһݾע⵽ңԼ˴Ļˡ
ԾԼƣ˸ǰ

Ҳ֪Ѿͷôģһ˫ˮƯӣɨһ۶˻Ӳ
ͷߣδƫƫظѾ˽кЩ˶Ҫ޵毺ûȡ

˵߶䣬ȹڹճǰϸֱ˱ӷ
Զʵ̲ס˲̧֣ȴҸƵʱȸͷݺһѣԼѵָУˬ۾Ҫ

ҸҪص̫ͻȻоƨɱȺһѡ
ɨүԶָĶθͻȻӿݣûŻ

԰Ͻص̫վƺݸһһѾͷԣٲϹȥˡ
ҲƼɷΪɫӲһ˲ŻָµȫǺ⡣

ˣô˻ҹүǣǵЩӣ˸Ͻ޳ȥǡ

ùԺ󣬸˶żλүԼԺӣ˵˻ŻīԺ
ߵԺſڣƵѾͷһֲˡ

̲סЦ˼ϸŴչźǿɲΪǲźֻ̫ˣܹݡ
ƫӲһףŮ˶˵ٶ˼ǰ׷ѡ

ܿ콫¶ԺгţԼ鷿дҪϱӡ

ܰ԰ͷүԶһ仰û˵ͽϵӣŮѾǸںͷİϣ޵Ӷ˺á
ֻҲҪģǶѾǸ²ĸǿɫŮǲߣŰԼֺ

ҼǵСظûȢޣ㿴ô
ǮЩȣͦã̫

Ͼã̫Ѿȷܾ˷ˡ
ߣ̧ζǮϣ췹̫ԸΣ

Ǯ£ӦȻĵм˽Լ̴жݡ
ܰôСȢţֵֻ죬ǮҧҧЦӷģūˡ

Ǯϵı֤ؿڵɢȥЩ

ʮձڣ϶Ҫһ¶㶢ϸˣһЩҲܸץסѱ˶ʱ˿ϸϸԸʱظҧҹЩƤ࣬ұ֤ظȢظ绨Сϱ

ǮϽӣСҪ򣬵㲻ҵ飺ӷģūظ
ţЪ˰ɡԼүǼɫӣؿڵǲһ׮£طԸ




5.   5    䳰

һ磬Һͺ÷ź̫ţڱ׼أӾͽˡ
ŲͰһ̲סź÷

һģ¶÷ӸСѾͷ˵߳õʡ
ӿ˿æǰ÷ͷиСӣ˵ɩӵԶܣ˵ɩ˲ˣϽؼһˡ

÷ȦͺˣϽеĲҪߡ
ԴɽԣҰɽɩӺСֶӾʣˡ

ɩһֱ嶼ã֪ɩ϶̫Ҳû뵽ô죬Ҳ֪СֶˣǿǼҽʣĶ磬÷ｹƵ
Ҽ÷ΪżЩ˼æǰס÷

÷㣬ȥʰȥ̫˵࣬ܰһ¡ɥʹͷ̫䣬ûںı¡קź÷ķơ

ӲҴͷµĹȡӣ̫̫͵Σ㶼ţɩߵĲһСչȥ
÷էһ¶Щֽţһͨ˵ȴ΢侲Щ

һ£ʵ㲻òϽû
ЩɩһֱţҲû¶ӣ͵ɥǮɩߵĲ棬ǰġ

Ҳ˵ʲôлĻֻԺеǻҺá
ȥɣͽݸ̫˵ĺ÷֣ⶼǷ÷ģϱΪ÷Ҳ

ȥڣ̫¶
ϱƵˣ˾ɶ븮¶Ӧ

Ҵϲæܳȥں÷Űʱ¶˵ˡ
÷¶ЦȥϿ˸ͷŻָЩ򶨣ҵس˸

վſڣź÷ԶӰ˿ôǽһ¡
մЦԶԶƼų̫밲һᣬŤСŽ˱á 

ڣŲ裬һܽ
ѾͷôģһһէģҪңˤ̫Ĳ𣿡

ҸϽ¶ɵЦⲻż㱨Ŷôү̫밲ˣңöȥɺã
һϲ漴ЩɵضҿѾͷʲô˼

Ų˲ԸźүСѾͷ˼٣ܹݣעء
ͷͲϲյԺſڵɫҲرĮ

书ǿûűСѾͷЦһĨ䳰ſ˿ѱڵĶ˷ϡ
Ա߹ػʥϽԶϢʱգȥϳ

ȻϳΪТӣȻҪȥĸ밲ġ
ʮչÿﶼڣǸҵƯѾͷûǰֹ

򲢲ѾΣ̫Ǳ߻飬㲻ϳÿҲкܶҪæ
ڵǰһգȥ밲ʱ̫˼ǣڶڸͤůķһڣ޿޲ɣӦīԺ

һţʹչûͣ٣鷿
ӣīõѾʹӣ֪̫ҪӡȳһߣīַܵǱ߰ѱ³ˡţ׵

ɫ䣬к͵͵ȥ̫̫ǲ棬̫ЩҲԼݣΪ˭
ôɾЩĮ˹㶨һ

糣Ӧīһʼźǰ㾯ве˼Ȼס
īԺǺүڵԺҲǸصأȻźˣҪôʵʵźү棬ҪôǶ

Լһ㲻ϧһ
ӣҪٴӸѾͷ

ûݵдţװŷûס
ʱȲãʱ˵ɡ

ҪԼַ⣬ֻлʺĸΪƽ岮Ҳ³
ǱʥΪأֻϧΪãʥϰȻʺԹһֱδͬ⡣

ʥʹЩһĿŵ£ʥŵмɿڵ˼̫ӵĴ
̫ǰѾ̫飬˽ȥռͨݺǱ˽ó˽׵֤ݣںҪȥͨһˣûʲô˼ҪŮˡ

ͷūˡ
һɫ繳ҹɫˮӿ䣬һѾͷŲΪ֪

úͷĵбŴ⣬ź÷һֶѣǻ㱣ǸˣЩᡣ
Щӣ˶⣬մòȥź̫ʱ򣬱㰲ЩŲմص鸡С

ֱձ÷غһصʵС
Ҫ㿪յƣϱܹȥͤůļɽڼɽ²壬ĺ÷㣬ۿֹס졣

죬Һͺ÷ôţû̫ȥůμϯ
ûãɱ˵Щ䣬ůǱˣԸҸ̫ͼʵЩĴ멹ȥ

үƲȥͤů󣬺÷Ҳȥ͸ᱻǸĶˡ
ֵǰȥͷ̫ЩĴҳˣ̫ϴҲǸʳ

¶ˣ㽫ү򸾵˼̫̹ף¼ˡ
Ψһ᲻õľǺ÷㣬Ժˣ÷Ҳˣܼʱˡ

÷ҧ·տڵߣ̧ͷͼ۰׵СûסЦ˳

ʲôأС̫̫һ˵÷߹ȥҵ
ȥӹȻóΪɥ°棬ҪϰҲû׽

ű˼죺ⲻףҸʲôƫƫ㻹۸ңСҲˡ
÷Ͼһ죬һŤɣĸҪͶˣֻǼˣֲǲڸźˡ

÷Ҫ޵ԺµС䣬ڻв£÷ǴŴǰͷźġ
Ǵ󷿵ճүԻԵĳ棬һӶǼӣ÷ˣȻ̫ź

ҲԺֵýжȢ÷׼˺Ƹԭ
ûзˣŮ̫أ˭Ըø׽ЩأǴ󷿶ϲּ

Цȥ÷߲ý㣬˵ˣҿ϶׼ױ
÷˵ȥЦҪһġ

͸Ƶ⣬÷ֳĺϼ䣬ĲȻ¶˳ֱ˿ֱۡ
÷ϣûҸĹò̫ʢҲ֪Ǹǻƽ㲻ҪźүԺүүǣҲԶЩ

ҪǱﻹ˵ǵͨѾͷ˵׼Ҫĸ˵ģūŵľô
ҽԴں÷ϣвû÷˵˵ٲҪԼġ

˸СţСӦյˣҲ֪СҺ˼ûС
żͶδҺͺ÷һˮϴ󣬾þò˯ȥ

ѽڣк֣ѧλүŴ󷿶ڳ̵λСү̫Ȥ
ֻһŮһŮûжӣʱ͵һͷرܡ

ϲǸģϵЦݶЩǿֻвŶ˼ּƽϡ
˵ļ϶ϳҺĸףϱӼĵԺϳһĹī

˲Ͱ




6.   6    

˵Ҳһ˲ô飬ī˴Ϣ˱ôû
Ҳԭ֮һԲūţӲ

ǴȴʲôûƵģӲͺ˺÷㣬˼ȷʵҲܳΪӡ
׵ϣϵĻЦɫ䲻Ƶõϸ

Ͻ˽ӣ֪ϲϲ˽ͷ
Ͻͣĸ׼£ϱŹڣҲýů̫ͺͺģŽ˳ǰȥǱѡЩڹȥŴĵԺԱ·

Ժϣܰ԰ڶϱߣͷ⻰Ҳ

ˡ䲻ϲ϶໰ɹڵӣԸϱûԴ˵Ц

һɣ漴Цݸ񣺡ⶼǶϱģֻǡĵԺǰ꿪ʼֻīһźţī˴ĵ߾źˡϱԽ˵ĵԺ¶ǲùܵģֻǷ񣬱жϱʣҪīԺٰѾͷ

ﶼѾͷֻͨŸеүСǣ˵ǰֱס
΢΢ü̾˿ˣ¶аţȲعˡ

ϺͶ˳ﶼм΢ֹסҺƮ
հҺ̫Ҳаĸִ˰ϣһȶԣͽ˶롣

ֻͷ̫̫ӣϷһĨ󣬸æͷȥ䶼ͨͨģתž
Һֻ̫׼ġ

˰ˣôźǲǸүԲŵ𣿻߬ԼЩ
˵½սǵĺɰůƵĹһȦŸ£ȥϼʱ࣬ЦŲ

ϴֳţǾ͸ϽŰɣҲõˡ
֮ǰϲɫɨ̫ӵ٣üǮʹ˸ɫǮֵͷʩʩȻš

ǿ˰ǮüۼĹ˾ʹӳЦЦĶҪҪǴͱϸˡ
ֻţҪǴɸҹһͱȺüٳˣͳȫǸι

ʱңҹʱ࣬ӷȡᣬź÷ȥҷ֡
ý㣬СҵĿϾˣѣֻǰôӣˡ·ҸҪӿɺã

÷С̫һҪȵѾЩΪѡ
ҪȻ̫ȥ

죺̫󣬽϶Ҫǰźϴģ̫Ъ£ҲЪˡձǿýȥһͽŷĳֹһ𣬶ûġ

˵ߣܿѳָ˹
÷ûֲԸ֪ӡ˲֣˵ҵĶͷεض˹ᣬһ۲ȥͷ

˵ʲôԼҪӣŮ첻ɣԼֽˣ˳ꣿܼҵĵСͷ
Ŷͷ˿ɴСһŻ

÷̫ˣҵһѣ÷϶ҪȥֻܰѺ÷֧
Ϊɫ̽Եĳ֣Ц˵ӦţŵУһƬ֮ɫǰš

ȻûһɾʹյСͷ
ҽ㣬һºòãе¶Ҫ˵ҧŴͰ
ųּСӵЦݵЩվߵСſڣʲô¶˵ɡ
û̽ͷ̽Եĳֻ֣Ǻ÷ҵӣͷ˵ɡ

ʲô˵ģ̫Ĳ£㸺𣿡˦֣ɤ⻰˵䵭ҲƵġ
űưСһӶ̲סϷҼ˺ֻҪԼ˵Ļ

ҧŴļ޼Ҫ̵ϣ⽿ֻӣôʮͳ˴Ѿߡ
ﶼƽҲǽУһһ꣬ƾʲôͳ˶Ѿͷ

ƫһǰҫ˴ӣȵģ֪˶
÷˵ӻùʱȱҲǺˡ

ںͷ˷׼ˣȥн
Խ봺Խأֻ޲Ҿ˰ϣײźá

ѹסԼļޣװ飬ʵº÷䣬̫˾ºַԸý̫üȥ̫һϲ˵¶ֻ˵Ĺȥ˱ǡ

̫ռ޹ʱӹǲ̫ãϹү˶Ϸӹǽ׳ϲѾǽ̫̫ź򣬴⻰Ǻ

̲סЦ굽Ƕ౿ŻῴǼ޵ҪŤһСѾͷжٳǸ

ƽӦãԵȵȡ
˵ŤƿӿųЦͷֿû˵ַԸҸůǱЩȥ˿Ƚ˰˹ȥҲûôۡ

һַԸ㲻ҵ飬ͷ˺ˣԵȣʢһ롣
üҪô̫ߣҪôϢ˵ģô÷ڣŷӵ

¶ֳʱ˵УһӶϻС

Ȱ̫͹ȥȥһ̫ĺ磬һͷȥҽѾ˸ɡ

룬ȥҲãһҹȥٻ
֤ʲô֪ǲҲȥůǱߣвڳû취ֵ֤ݡ

ţǽůǱǿҪɢˡ˵š

Ťңһݶĺɫѹ£վСſڣгֶʣµϽȥ硣

õŶǰһ˸û˵ĵضȰѵµѻϣȻɺҩϣһ·Сܡ
ȥͤůֻһ·ܿ㿴˲ǰͷĴɡ

ҧҧ̲ڼɽ䣬Ѹǰ˴ϡ
𾪵۾еһӵڵϡ

ɸСǰڼеĵطͣǸɽԶɽǱ˸СʯӶ
㣬ҪˡʹѹɤӳɽǸŤͷܡ

ֱܻԼŶĽ䣬Ҳڵϵɫ·˳Ÿδϣ˿ʯͷ·ס˸ᣬʯͷӽ«έС
һУԼ޷Ͻ˶ξ룬ƽ˺ůߡ

ʱůڻЦϯѾβ̫ȷʵûٺȾƣ΢΢ŵ죬ĺܡ
үԶվЦ̫ˣӲţѽ׼˵Сϲĸδһۡ

ϵ˵ͷЦˣ߰ɡ
ϺͶ˳Ѿߣ̫ߣͤů󱾾ͽںϣˮ̫̫ŸСҲͼ·Ĺ

ֻ˻δ߽δߵͤӵĵЦ

ñ𼱰͸㡣
ⲻ½и˷ô㹴ôأĸζģĶӲأȫģˡ

ŮӴżʹļڳ˲͵ѾСӣʶʲô




7.   7    

ϱ־ɢ˸ɾɫҪ˵ĸﶼټѾС˿۵ģ˽캣ֳҲ˾öġ
ɫҲƲϺÿڵֳôH¶֪˭Ժūţ˶û

ֻеͷİϣǻǹɢ˸ɾסЦ⣬ֻȲҪǸ˻ôˣ
ֻĸɫãóȥץˡ

ҲϽԸźӽȥͷǳ¶ģôܽǵӵͼūǵۡ

ͷСҲǮϵĶأֻʲݴѱ㱻ק˳óһţҽ˵ڵͿͷһġ
ӴūŸūŸūŸ̫ԺѾã鲻ԽūӵĶūһɣ

ˣӻ˻Σɫະںһû
ɭϣǳ˸˽ﹶҵѾߣֱȰơ

ںͷźﵹҰɣϽͷȴһֱֻżɽͷ
Զ̫ǰźţ÷ѾҪˣʶ͵ҡ

ϲɫɨ˰һֻۣס̫ϰ鶼¶
ôסЦ⣬üǰϥԺūţϱμҲϣŽū޷죬ĸϢŭ

˵̾ЩźͷҰɣϱҸ˵׵ģû뵽˵ã˽ﾹȻǣĸϱɣǧԼӡ
ƮƮɨ˰һۣͣȲ֪ܵūţ緢ȥǣûý̻˸ˡ

һֱڸﲻôдڸеĶүԶüקקϵ䣬ϼ״򴽲˵ˡ
ԶֱûϳһõѾͷ˽ôޣ˭˽˭

䶢˰Ϻһû˵ʲôֻһ

ڴģʶۣôãųˣҪȫһû뵽ϲѾͷ
üһšĮɨۻڿͷĪʹ졣

ǰס̫δߵľϲȻǲÿ˵ģϲɾţܵү׼ʲôûٿıҪ
˴

λ밲ͻȻһŴŴԸ漴֦Ľˣʢ̴ͷСϹ
ɫЩ˶Ͻȥū澷̫

͵̧ͷѿʵô
˶Ž˽ӣżɽۣý͵ͷõѾѵǺ÷

üӣͻȻЩ
΢΢ۣǵ㲻ɢٲӰҲܰɫΣֻůǱߣ˶ů

ԽԽ䣬ŪҲ̫̫ܽš
Ҵľֻͷֺµӣ󣬽ͤů

˶ѹŽݣҲŷ֣ԭɾͺµõĶѾߴɡ
˶µֻͷ¶ͷϻЩ΢亹

ҲԶԶƼɵģҲ֪ԼӵĲңһֱڳﺦ£ֻԼղû˵
˵ɣǵô¶̫򵭵ʵһڣڵϵ˶̲סµĸ

ſڣūźʹɹʶˣ˴˺øУūų˼ƣɹĻʱʵûסūŵĲǣūһ
Զɲÿɷ񣬲ɫɨһԡ״̬ңŶŴʣô¶𣿡

ɺ޵ֱҧεʱȻתͷˣΪɫ̫ڣԷִź£ҲûԷӣֻǵöԷͷߡ
޺ɨңֱ϶Ҹɵĺ¶

˵ԼǱǿȵģ࣬ңô̵ʱ䣬ضܽкۼڲغã⻰ȴ˵ڡ
ǽ֪˰ң˶ֲ˺ã󣬿ֻǱѵ⡣

Ѿã˵࣬ȥǺõģֻס
ֻǴɵײľôˣĬһſ޳

ڵʵūǸãūҲܣ˵¶̫档ҽ˵ַԸ̫磬˵Ҫȥ磬ūȰ͵ůū˽żأͬˡ˭֪·סū澵Ŀڱǣūˡҩū澺¡

˵޵ū֪Լ̫ūūԸκγͷ

˵Լ¶ɵ۵ӣ̹һԣūԩǴ˵ֽ˸̫磬ū̫Ҫƣͱŵģ͹˳֡˵ԼһūϽϣŷĳҲ̫Сæţ˵ġ

԰̧ͷңҽ㣬ҵԲ㣿˭֪ŷĳӾܰ˰¶ö˶˵ģΪҪóȥСأ
̫Ҳ֣СǺ÷𣿡

ҵͷµ̫Ļ÷ڷūū澲˳ġ
ֱӿ޳÷ҽϵͺãҽ˵ʲô÷㶼ūûѣҽΪҪѽ

ϼԶίС۵ģͷʤ̲סԣҼöѾúã´ĸ׸ǰĵλ
޵ūѾҽĻӴӵĵط䵽ú￴ˣ㻹ԸŹ𣿡

˻ؿϺ֣ūûУǴ˵ԼֶˣūŸ̫ҩ
ˣûʱﻥãֺͺ÷йԶҲ֪Ϊʲô˫΢΢ƯᣬĪûȥֻĻ

ұһϿί˳Ű۵ȴΪ侲
׼˵ģȻ˺ˣϽС

ֺܿͺ÷Ͷͤů󣬲ֻǶˣֶŹˡ
ֺͺ÷ڵһһʮ˵Լ֪ģȴɼߣִյ̫˵˼仰

úݺһ°ʶһһĵۣ俴Ŵʣ׶С˵ҵҪ㣬˭ȥԸ㣬ҪҴģ

ɫ˲Ұȥ̱ڵϣܣںͷҺ˵
ֵ÷ȥ̼ӣСϣ㲻ڻҶ⣬Һͺ÷Ӱɣ

·϶ū˵ˣӳҲر֪ձӣǷصģԽԽǼ
Сӣ˵㵱ʱΪʲôǵýҳȥ˵鶼Ǽ˵Ļ²ӼңҸ˹ңԼǰȥưɣ

һغǮϲŴɫ׵ˣ϶ؽסӡ




8.   8    ͸

ͷ˰ϲԾԵؿ˵ԶһۣĸɫƣҲ׼ٶʡ
ˣȻŸ¶ͽ飬ūҲñǣȳ¾Ͳشȥˡ̫

ߣ·ʱѵ
Ȼᵭһûס˸¡

ӵһɨܾԼû·ʲôƺ˼͸Ƶġ
Ҹæһ۶ûҵĴɺɫںڵİϡ

ΪһѾߣܱܿһƣܿƣȴû취һֱȥҪһݵķӲϲߡ
񲻹ֻǸʼˣӰ̫á

û˵ʲô̫˵˼仰ܿͻīԺ
ȥ鿴ϵô¶ص鷿󣬴֮ǰԸ˶٣żؽ֪

ЩͷԣҲӦ

˵Ĺڣ̫к÷źϴ꣬ūţֺֻߡ
÷ϸźϲŵɫֱֱң£

һ˵ͨһϽűߡ
ٸᣬյô¶˵һ顣ɫģǿֻԼˡ

ҲӶǸūţ۰ΪκһӶܲ˵ģ˵عصġ
֮Խк÷ȥ̷֣ͤůһɣͷβûֻ̫Ǵģ̫

Ҳǽϸԭ

̫Ļū֪ɸǮ֮Ӻıū澣ūʧףòίҹͷȥ
ū澲˵ֻС뷨ӱܿΪǱ˵ġ

üζңε֪Ǳ˵ģ
̧ͷʶĴ۾ӾӨ͸ӽˮܿóίͺ¡

үѾֹһζū澶ֶˣϲ˵ʲôū澿öū澲ŸϽ˳ֻû뵽˵Ȳū澳ޡū澲ǰ˵Ҳǲӣūʵڲ֪ôˡ

Ͻ滨ӿ޵ЩۣȻԶǸʲôӣǰֲǸӴģҲ˵˵ùȥ
ֻҲһѾƣǣʣҩ

ҸϽҡͷū澲˵ѣūֻ֪ǮַԸū澳ȥūȡ绹ֶ˵˻ӻǱ߸ɢˣū澲ŸǱߣū澲֪ɾȻᱻ̣ˡ

˵⻰ʱȻͣҲΪ̹ȻҲ˵ѣǰ󶼶ԵϣϸһҲˡ
֪Ҿʲô⺢ӴһʼߣǸģҲûԼ۸ͷѾͷ¶ϻġ

֪ҵ˼ȥ˺үԺٵ㡣
Ҫ˵߰ˣ̫£ȻҪ׵ģ÷ʹЩòԣ˵ϻǱȽϲҵӡ

̲סһ£ܵмʶЩֶΣʵǽҪԺ;﷢˵ɥ
̫۰ū澸мū澻ؼҼˡߵͷڵϣūݵ΢ʵǲźүū澴Сŵܻͣȥһ̫ȫ

üŹڵԿó毺εС˶̲סЦҡҡͷСѾͷĻ̫ˡ
ӣҼ˾Ͳֵ𣿳ǲˣǼ޸ׯںǼ޸ϰŵūţסԶֵ˼

⻰˵б˽Ժ˼˵ȻЩҲȱôһ˼ںլѾߡ

ŵµ·Լ߳ģ־⵱ӵҲ˵ʲôϵݵʱ򣬱ȥ£иùޣҲһױ

ҴϲϿͷл̫۰ūţӶ飡
ζЦЦӻ£òš

Һ۾ţºãŶַԸѾͷؼҺ󣬽˸͸Ŷ
Щȣӣ

·ˡϱ۾ûн͡
¶˭֪أжⱲӱˡ

ϲͣǽˣͲǸĴģȻô̳ܽԶĶӡ
˼̵ҲЩ꣬ǸԶֵǵģܱ˵ͷׯں

ȻҲǼӵӣӦϨ
һصͱ÷˹ȥ

ô¶÷ҵĶͷƣǿ۾Ͱ͵ӣʵ²ȥ֡

㻹ҵô¶㶼ңһҪǱ˸ô죿÷̲סҵĶͷҿСǳӲˣǲСĸƵģⱲӾͻˣ

ұ÷õڴϣϽס÷ĸ첲ɤ÷ˣҸ˵
ø̫˵һ׽ʱܰ԰ڣϱԶһƸȵ˵ϡ

ĸߵѾ㶼ҶǲˣһֽȥˣԶŭȡ
ϸڵЦ㶼ҶĸߵѾߣξͶã

Զֱҭ˵ָŰϸ꣺ֱ
ϰͷ䣺㻹˵浱ԼЩ¶û֪ô͸Ǹ˹ҵںεأ

ԶɫЩȻȴԴȻӣôѰ˵ѾԵˣٸңҷ飡

漴ʧ٣ֻݳѰҺܹѵֻԼĸߵѾߣҾͲĵ֪˼ݵ¡

Զü
Ů췹ʱ˵ҹҪܵɵ׻ΪŮˣЩͲؽа֪ˣ

ͷ˻ֳţܺԼԺ¶ǣǽү֪ʲô¶ү㣡
ԶֳűǱȥ۵׵ŨԶ룬λ᲻֪

Ҫɺ¶Σ
ƾŵԶ˼ټҵòļƣǽ˳ܰ԰ֻûվŵĵط

ȻԶҪҵӣǲҪ𣿼ǮţԼ͵գǹһĨЦ
ӣȾظɣүҪ˴ǮǿסŹڰϸǰ

ΪӵķԸ³Ǯ˼жݣԹֻԼ̴ϵ֣Ӹү飬һ

ֿǸҼױׯԼҵūţȻ˵㣬ġǰǮҾͽ˰غʹͳȥׯϣҲǳɾһ׮¶

Ǯŵһķлӳȫлӣ
֮ԷģҲӼȻھһǻ¶Ҫ졣

ȻϸԼЦҲˣүΪǸˣҶҪǼԺӣܱסظһΣԺ֪ţֻ²ϷŹظ
Ǯ½ǸǺãǼմ̫̫ߣ˷Ժֻ¸лˡ

΢΢һЦϺ״ĦϵĴʹر侲޷Ұţұ֤ظܸӳ




9.   9    Цų˹

һһ¹꣬ܿͣ򸮵ʱѾ˺÷ĺӲɫ硣
Ǻ÷ԼƸĶģϸϸһޣͷصɫȴӷ¶ӡ

ǳɫɫ۵֦ƣ߶䷭ɵ˲䣬ŰСţﺮ¶ص·𿴵·Ƶů⡣
ŹɵЦ÷лһû˱顣

ݵľżཱུۣüۼ䣬ȴ˵ʮĹûеǳϣ
ϸȥǳ˼л˼ΣҲ֪ʲô

ҹˡ⳵ңһŰ
ȵݸӣԼת

һǽԺӣѾмƾɣȴĳ嶯Ѿнûлعˡ
Ұ길ĸȥΪ游٣·ϱɥĵɽɱֻܸ̺ͲʮСΪ

ʮһʱС˸˼ҲŵõĲûвͼζҩģۿžҪˡ
ǺദĴ˼ңûŮ鷢Ҳû˼

̿ҪϹ˫ۣҧҧҵڳӵͬӣԼ򸮡
ͬǸģĶʮһûȫңűסС

󣬾ͱСΪ
Сһֱڶ飬ȢСӺСЩټͻӣǿҲάСԺ

ЩСΪūСϸϸºͳʳ͵ȥ
ϧСǱۣԼҲ֪СͿôţҾȻЩҽš

Ӵöϴͷھһûֺÿ˲Ӵ˵СڸѰ˼ңӼҵʯͷô
˵ͻȻ򿪣СҦЦŽӹеİСҶͷûš

漴ǸտƵģɩղ˵ɶأЩʱҪڶ׾ƣѽ
˵Ҧŵͷװߵҽţºͷмһ

֪дլԺү˯ٻصˣ浱˭ϡأ
ô˵һɣпŹĹҵİۺĽ

ȢǲȢϱȢүǴҤĶ˵ǴլѾߣЩ˶Ķ
ֻҲҦϺǸӸƲǼңֻŤʲԸؼȥûһھʹϵĴŮ

ҦһҴİһ߶վſ㻹ϻ̭㣬ȥˣ
һﱧſر˵ĿЦֺãⲻԺҪڼôôк

ôൣǺͶǰ·ãֲСů߶һֱǽ˱ˮģſʼо¶ȣۿЩ졣
Ͻͷȥ׺ӣ׵ĸ¸ֱ֡

ҦϸҶ˹һˮȣòţռû趫һܵñӻ죬մϾ͸ˮƵ˦Ժô
ҹԹԵͷ֪Сأ˵ȥԺ𣿡

»Ѿǣβ͸˾٣ֽȥӼĺõطѧֻܻؼԼ飬μֵʡԡ
ҦϴЦС֪ҪͷȥǼˣڼң࿴࿴Ǻʣ´λ͸Ƕ

⻰һ£Ҳûʲôߵ˼Ȿŵ¶
СɸԷ˵ˣҽҪһϼҵģǼ𣿡ҸϽʡ

Ҧ˵İɣǼұڴҲûеأԴΪС嶼Ƶ÷أƷҲϿɡ˵˵ģҪ࿴ˣȸǶףСӦԣܽýǵҪŵģý¡

ϼһҵȥʱ˵ϣܸͷһҶֻǰ»ӺҪƾ٣һֱûܳС
»ǸģȻҴû˵ʲôֻ˵ˣɵӣ֪լԺ㶼ûԥ;ټ¡

⵵ѰǼңҲò˵춨Ե֣ǼЩڴȻôΪ˺Ŀõģһӻй·Ҳˡ
ҸЩСķų¿ҰСɣһǼҳ԰ɣ

ҦϴȤ⻹û࿴ȱֱİɣСҶòټЩҺСܵļױ˭ǼҲ
еȵĸоţ˵ʲôţһȻҪɻѽ

Էϼĵܽ棬Ҧ϶̲סֱۡ
ҡͷǼ˶Ṧǻ治ҽҼ޹ȥòһزסġ

ǼʱѾֽҦһǳķˣΪ࿴ֻ˿һһú˶ٷ
ǼҸĸˬӣȻﵣò鷳ǲͷ¶棬ټϴµĹ򣬵Ҳûൣġ

֪ҺҦһεģ극ʰֽҲ䣬ǼҸĸûʲôġ
ҪԴǵĴӣǱһٷҲ֪Ҷٻأֱ»òˣǼҸĸ˺üβЩ

ᶼĳ¶ձرãǼߵʱǼѾҦϲЦտ˺ͷ¶
Ǽˣ»ȥ˼ٳļС鷿ֶ˵ϻ

ǱɻУ»ϸֶŮ˰죬ûݣֻǼ࣬Щۡ
ȥȻǸС¹ƵĵȴЩ˿Ķֻ˾һ̶ˮжų졣

һ뵽ЩլԺﲻ֪˶ίеģ»ͺԼưӲΪǼҽŵСҲЩί
Խۣ»Խǲһ㲻˳ģŵ㲻ϲСٸңºжǣǻϼҲü

֪СԼůůģվ»ԱߵͷЦǱͦõģ˿ʵҲɡӽȥ֪ͨңȰ¸С㿼֮ǰͳװɡ

»ǱۣҲڵŵβͣһ˵ɫ˱䣬̧ͷңǺ˴˲õ˼
֪С壬Ĭ˻ЦҲҳôһܹڻ̫أֻҪҿЩף뿪Ҳû¶ˡ

ٶĲ»ôʣҶ˵
ҹ§Ҳ֣ұſһ˯»ҹͣ

Ҧϱ˯ţͱˣҲǾһӣСҶͦģǽ޺£ЩϼҾû¶ˡ
»̾û˵ƿЩ֪꣬ıҦϻҪһЩЩô׾ͷ֣Ͳô౯緢ˡ

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ǰμӿƾֻΪüӺùЩΪϰЩ顣ҹͷһΣ»˼

»룬ڶù緹ȥ
СҶǰ»סңǰͷΣ㶼ҪԼС塣

ԱǼһᣬϱ˵ԶɵĺԺСܵ˴ԼҹĿ飬ȴоһ갾ӣû
ƿӣСģҿ϶¶ҪغӲǡֻãҺСпŻá¶ǲû˻·

»һ˵ͷԶȥתȥ顣
Ҧ϶Ųȥ鷿һˣȺȵϢһɡ

»϶ҪҦƷѣҲȰҵĻһ£ǸҦ˲ȥϢ
ֶŮ˵öԣԲܳ¶

ֻԽǱ֤Խױ»ͷҸڼſڸ»֤¶ŵ·ϣ˽ٵġ
ͷһƺߣӲһѪ͵ƿЦų˹Ĵ󺺣ҲŷӦⲻǽٵġ




10.   10    㲻Ǳ۰𡭡

ʱԶĹٵϣҲ͵н
ڳԯϵСͷүԱźнٵġ

Įض£Щظ
֡ϳСˣҲǳͷ

߹ٵǵ˵С˽Ļᣬ˵׼˽˶Թ˵Ҫһɧ
ūФǸƵģҲôһˡ

峿ٵò̫ԶȴһƬΪ⣬˵ӣֻܴ߿Цݡ
ʯ֮䣬ҼǴϷɿӷټժ̫͵ӽ߬

ҿڵһֻЩͷǿԼ侲̫ߵѾߣΪ˽ٲƣϵĲﶼ㣬Ϊ˽ɫҪõ򸮵³

˺ЦɵϰԼذײѥͫ׽ĲԾ߳

ҪɫҲҪֻҪҲزȥô֪˵ǺӾͿʼԼĿȰʶЩúźүү-¶ˬˣ˵㣬ȥźǡ

ͣˣլ˵ƣСѧŷֱ棬ç仰͸¶Ϣʵ̫ԣҪǿû
˵ݣ޿֣һ㶼ϵģ뵽ڣ˭ϣΪл

ҲغԼеӣڣǿ򶨿ڣ˭ģҪ̫µͨǺү۰ľң͵Ҽˣһزȥүһô˵ģ

ո׼٣ͻȻͷķԸ
ͣ

Ͻסү
Ҳͼ˲ĹﴫĮķԸȥˡ

֪ǲǳĴܾԼүﻹмζ

һĹ򣬽ûסĴ󺺵׻ǳ˹ȥ
СˣѾû˺˵ء

Ƿһȥ˵׼˲ǸӵĹ˾͵Ūɱˣ뵽ʱǹ˲¶

ұ⺺Ѿͣ½·׼ͷЩӺѰܣû뵽һעͽקϵм䡣

ŵýгſң

çݺݸһƣɤЦʶ̧٣浱ΪһСͨʦڣҲԼ䲻䣡үʵ㣬үʹģȻүھɱ㣬ɽιǣ

˸ˬһҪСŮɱҲҪĲʡҪƾҸղԣçþɱ˽˭ҲҲŲ׵ġ
Ȼʧɫɫ԰׵͸ԽԽµޣ˴ĵ׾йƻһ㶼Կ

çһ˺ҵѣֵĹס׼еСĴнЩźΪ˲ֳ̫󶯾ϧСˣҲ֪ж
ȫǾѵүһأΪϱĻ

۵׵ľͻȻŷһĨǿҲʣƾʲôƾʲôͲ䣿ƾʲôһѾ߾͵˴ɱ
ҪҲҪһµ

ҵңԼѾ¶ĶǶçʱסӣҲ֪ǴӺζ򶨣׼ݳçĲӺݺȥ
ܳˣçҽһסһƽȵðǡ

ľʹûŰ˵£׹ʢɱʬЩۼҲǲܴպϡ
û˽ӽĺӸоѪԽԽ࣬γѥذףҸ߸߾

ұһȵǰ󷢺ڣŹҲذ׸߾ʱĹâ
ر۾һֻţûССſȻܹúȥ

ҲûڣСһܻøЩҲ˵

һƺ߹Ԥ֮еʹû䵽ϣOO@@·Ħһ𡪡
㻹Լȥ

Īһ£󱳺ͷ۵ҪըƵģ˵ʶ۵
̫Ժҡĭ˵֪Աߴʲô˵ٿƲסǰһ˹ȥ

һ²ŰӴҹĶĸҪģҶ򸮵֣
һĳӲ͵͵ƿӷɿ쿴ۣŵʣιȥˣ磬ǰ˸ȥ

ţһȥүɡͷ㵽һͻȻԼү
򹦷ǿˣûˣ϶ҹĶָ⡣

ūŵҪʲôǵȻǲԹɫܼסҵҪˣҪǾô˸ȥǸ첲ҪҪˣ

ƨƨ߾ҪٵǱȥֻһ˳㴦Ǹһĵç
ȳ߼īɫ멵ĸߴӰͥŲ˹ͳϽֽʰϵѪ

˰ڴ
ųüŪۣޱ飬Ѿƥںͷ

Ҳûζһ˹һ;ת»ЩζϱǼƲȥѪζеġ
³ȥ£ĮͻȻһŵ˲͸һԱ

˹һ򡭡ү
۾ϲ˵Żڱ۵Ķ

ҪۣΪղһΣҲ֪ΪÿضجΣҪ˵йصһղҲ̫ˡ
ɵǾȻȻĵ׿ˣֻҲǸ֪ˡ

˿Ҳſڣллүū澣ū澸м
׼ͻȻۣޱʵ

ұҭ˵ʹϽ£ū澲ңūݵ΢ʵǲźү
ŶԶߣüӸ´ǰȴκʱýĽ˶Ͼʵ㲻Ǳ۰𣿡

͵̧ͷɴ۾ɤӸһôˡ




11.   11    źү

뿪󣬹˺һֽɫ۵ӡ
˺һһԥʵղǺү

һ˷ۣûϳͳûϳү
ô죿ûҲˣҲǲ⣬ɸþȵҲûܾ£ȥô̫أ

۵ǸŤͷشǣ˸ķߣͬ顣
ô죿ʲôͻȥʲô£ǻʲôģ浱Լ̶˲ɣ

˶Ϊû˷֣ʵߺ󣬳ŴһԳڰ˰ŪߣԼɿȥϡ

ûĹҹڵϣԴһ֪ôػ
ǰ澪Ż԰׵ǺһƬ϶ɨȥī٣ɫӲӵ֬ɫĶǶǶϵһ꼸һɫ˵˱Ȼǻɫ

ұЩͷۣ£ǰ󷢺ڣղ̧ͷ䣬˫䵭Įӣôֹס¡
ȥ˫ҲôȻÿÿͬаĥ

ֻǴ֮Ҳڽ˺£ҪǣñѵūţʱҲ㵭Ȼ
ͷұ㷢СոԼĺްѾ˺һ飬ǰǵѪǴƬ۰׼Դһ²ιȥ

⡭ܲǹֲãֲúүô˵
קס·͵ߵͷڵϣɳɤģū澸ūʵ̫£Ÿӣͷˣū澾Ҵ治ô˼ү𷣣

ܶͷǰܱסͺˣ˵ҲΨһ
Զ΢΢һ£ѾͷʲôëÿؼԼǸƵģѾͷǰĺ

Ψֱ֮ģҲеԶЩ΢ݣ򦣬ֽīɫĴӹȥסǸڶµС˶ʡÿŲ˳ۡ
Ҫ֪Զֻ־ֹסҵĶ£סֻ˹Ӳ׵κ

Һͣ͵ؿڶۣһʱЩ£үʲô˼أ
漴°ͱ㱻˫Ե׵ӣҲǱһ㣬ۿ΢΢죬һ仰Ҷ˵

֪˲ϲūŶ˵
ԶĦ绨ӣңһʱֲ⽿С˶ԼǰϷ溦£ղһʱǱ򶨶ˡ

ǲǵôԶɺĴ
СȻҶʱȻ𵱳һαѹʱΣ鷿֮·ҲǲĶԻ

ʱ˴󣬱˳ȥŵҪҲ۵Ҫһļ˵̫ȴҲجΣӲ
˺һԶɲŷſ°ͣȻôĿ⿴Ҵ治ô˼

ҵͷǣū澲ңүūһذɡ

ԶɺЦܸңں˺£ɺҩūһ治ɫ·ӳ̫̫Լίü˰Լ£׼±ܿ㲻ҵ¶

Ѿǰڵ¶ˣֻҲڣոջĴԼһ龹Ȼ˳ǸǶƵġ
Щɻ󣬼Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪѲΪԴ

֪ôشֻſڵϣһԡ

ԶƫϷŹһ̧°ʹ̧ͷΪԼ޸һׯںԶԶܿǾܶùϸ룬ΪλߣΪλͻȻҪɱ㣬ʲôûǲеӣֻ֮ܳΪ

ҽ˵ϷȣʹۿһǳԽҧ촽˵
Щ̫Ҳû׽̵ҴǸģȻϱҲ߰Ȼꡣ

˵Ƣԣϲ໰ܽ˵ضͼ
ܱͼʲôأΨͲֵǮӶ 

ϱӶźˣźһҲ£ػһɥǸǰͷǸŮɱʲôأҲϺÿһ㡣
϶ġ

йºѰ˼أʵڲͳҵȥ̫ܹһҲһ㶼
ԶЩԼǰͷжϣ˵С˶ܹ˼ϵĴ˼ôÿ

ѵñζŨ˼֣ЦЦȦڻҲǲǽӲ
źүԶɴңСīɫ멳ĵð񣬸ո°ϵĴҲ⡣

ǸģƼСѾͷأĵ׵ͺѵˡ
ҪǣǰͷΪ˽йŮź򣬴ûһҵĸϸСĻ΢΢ĵ׷

ǩѾͷҲĸ׸׼ͨԼҲģΪ˽ҵԺӣ˭ܻס㣿˼ԶɾͲĶ˵䣬ذϵֶԼļˣ

һһϱԺţүȷʵûҶСͿ֡
Ⱳ˲һѡ񣬵췢飬ҼֱСһвô졣

ұۣøףĵ׵ľȿذʱ٣ѵôŬû취ԭ
ĵ׻е޷Ϩľ󾢶źˣ롭ҪסԼҲҪסС

Щ˼һ˲֮䣬Զɻ²ãҾū澡ūԸźүūֻǾԼݵ΢ʵǡźү
ȻѾҪĺԺͲԼź

ԶɼƵĲԸ״żֲϲûǿȱ˵İá
ϻָʼĵĮǰϸƿԱߣҲȻԼҲ֪ݵ΢䵱үͨǾͽīԺѾ߰ɡ

һ£ûʧ䣬Ϊ仰Ѿ߾͵ѾߣѾ߿ɱͨҪöˡ
ˣأ

ѹĵ׵ȥϽ¶ϲõɫȥлүūһúź򣡡
ԶͻȻ¶ǳЦһۣЦЦر۾

ʲôһѾ߶ѣֵ̫˼˽īԺô˼




12.   12    ñּȥ

Ϊҽ֣ߵԶ·ظǽȻص򸮡
ֱӴӲŽȥΪû⣬˸Ҳûͣ£ֱֱīԺǰͷͣ

үҹˡͣº󣬳
ҳû֪Լòð⿴ͺܽĴ멻򣬹Сĺ⣬ĺްû磬֪Լİܲȡ

ǻȥϵ²ӣƤϵѪһ¶Ҫֵظ֪
ү³Զûֻۣʵ

ŸϽϥūллүմȣ멿ɷ񡭡ɷ񡭡
ѻ˵꣬Զɱӿڣˣȥ

֪λүƢúͲÿ˵˹ģʵԲãѾͷˡ
ٶ˵˴멣°ڸϽ

ҵİݸŽͷīԺ
һſ˾ȻʰԼŸ÷һϽȥ̫ķ

ƣС׵ģôˣ˵ģϼһž¹ʾַҵһʵ

ұͺ׵ۿʪͷסԼʣ̫Ļū澻ظ·ϣ˴ˣɱ˳ҿ˺үȻū澡ū澹ƾͻزˡ

һĨ죬ǽ˶ŵԶ֣ƾӣѾ򳵷򣬸õɱڲǡ
ֻǳ˲ӣҵ֣Ǹк󸣵ģλؼҿɸ£

ͷͷЩȣǰԼĵ˵źҪڵҲȻɵѡ񣬿ҲֹסȻ
Ҳû̫еĴֻԽԴŵͣū澵Сҵū澶׵ǻ˼ˣֻòǼѾϱū澡ū澶̫İš

ϴ¶ǳЦ漴̾ѾͷԵ¶ɲˡģ̫̫Ҳ㣬ҪõĹ޲ǡ
ҿߴ죬Ź£̫ū澣ū澡Ըźү̫ȫ

ϸʹ˸ɫ£ɿҵ֣ʵ֪Լ˵ʲô𣿡
Ϊĸף̫ǸúŪġ

ϽϽűߣͷ̫Ļū澸мүūһʵΪֻܸүţźܳ顣ū֪Լݵ΢򲻸б˼ūԸүѾߣ̫ȫ

϶յǳڣƷºŵȥźԸ⵱ӵĲǿԼ˼̫̫ҳ󻰾Ҫ˵ǰͷ
Դڵϣš

Ѿ߻ͨźүһǺүǣ˭Ĵ˲ʵʱɱҺͺүĺݡ˵ЩֻΪ˾ңϲѾͷīһ³

˿䣬ͷǺүǸعصģȢ֮ǰǲӣЩûٽ㣬ʲôʲô㵱
ū澼ˣ̫̻塣˵꣬ҲŵӦ£ϵɫϳȥ

ˣҲˣȻȥЪţְűǡ̫ûʲôģҲôˣ֪ӻû˼ٶ˵ֻŶӹ̸
ҹ˳ȥصʱ򣬺÷ѾС̧ˮţ÷ۿǰ

𣿴Ƕˣ޽ǲˣ÷ҿͷסĵطۿͨ죬H±Ҳú
ҡ˻һ漴ź÷ЦЦ

Ϊһֱûע⣬Ҳʵ̫飬ϰƵ⣬ûע⵽Լбˡ
÷Ц̲ס޳˵˵ǡܰ԰λôôݣҪµģ

һʱѾ÷˵ԼĲ²⣬ûο÷ҲûޣֻӽԡͰſƵֻݺݲԼĲӡ
ҲǸçϵжģ÷һ԰ôϴøס

ȿãһֱԴڸ첲ϣðɳɤӵ÷㣬ҲˣҪȥźү
÷϶˶٣ǿЦźүҲã͸ǰһرЩ𷸴롭Ƕ۸㡣

ҳĬû˵

ϴĹ˵˵ЦЦӭԼĶӡ

Զɽźһĸ飬֪ģ𳣺ˣĪЩͷۡ
ҶȥźǰҾ;ֻīһź̫Щ˶ȥϲſڡ

Զüһ͹ˣĸ֪Ҳϲ̫Ůˡ
ЦǾͽȥȥѾߵģ㲻ϲѾ߽źһ᲻ҡ

ԶбϣԴֱĸײ֪ˣѾͷӶҿˣָ޸ˣ

ҲżϾȲ裺ͨҿԸȥź㲻ҪͨԼţô㣬ͲùˣǸ̫̫һŮܰźõġ

Զ򦶨ĸһЦĸױžˡ
ֻԼǰĶӣĪЩ΢ϸϸƷƷղŶ˼֣Щġ

վͰȥԺҪߣϺסҪǵԼ˵Ļܶϲź޽ţɱҷ˺Ϳ
ԶЦЦĸ׻ң

ȵԶߺϲҡҡͷ˵˭ȥɷҲǵԶˡ
ǸȻǸĺˣΪ֪Լʲôʲôɾǰ㣬ԵԶֵĸҲ˲ôݣԶɶˡ

ˣǸº֣ҲɵԶֳΪģ
Լ˵۹⣬ﲻ˵ųģве˼

̫֪ϴú÷ȥ󣬽Լڱҳǣ¶ķЦ
رЩܱסϱӽС΢ʱ߾ֻһŮˣ˶ԼҲԽԽӲѳ

齼䲻ϲУ˾Ҫͷÿÿ۵Ҫιȥҳ
ϲ˶໰ź꣬˵һ仰

̫ʹͣûҪκʹͣһգػز䣬صýҲ
ôأһƾû

̫˵֣÷Ҳ˵֣ȴãֻҪܱסԼСñּȥɣ




13.   13    ҹź

һ磬ֽҺе̫Ժ
֪ҪԼȥźүˣţ㿴ҡ

Ƽϻδȥף̵źү̫аţαطҪôһأΪԼЩƤ֮࣬ܽкү
Ҵͷû˵üɨһۣŰڣīԺ˵úźүҪ¡

ѹ²ģϽЦŵͷ˵ǣū澼ˡ
ȶ˽ݣֻ̫ЩΣ˴ȥīԺ

ҽīԺһжг˿Űţϵвֶ顣

ȶ˳ţֲŸ̫˱Ⱥʲ裬˼ſڣӣū²Ǹֵġ
Цҿ˵Ұɣոɶһ͵ſڣ㵣ˣ

ӡָЦôҲūųģʲôūҲЩֻүǵ˼˭Ҳ˵׼ǸϲģֻӾˣүﲻ
̾˿ҲŽҲɹȥ

Ҷ£ȺŮˣţҲǲԡֻĲĲ׵¶ұݵòӣĸ鲻Լ֣ó
Ͼƾòȹȥǲܵ¶ⶫԽѹԽҲһ

ֻ̫û뵽ǣѹûԼǰͷ
Ȼҹ˵ҪѾͷԶϳûϣϱһǳԴȥԺ

λ롣ԴЦеǰᶫ
һԴ𱻹¶ǵǱƣֻɫ˵󣬵ͷᡣ

ʶ࣬Ǻ⣬ЦŽݸԴҲ˳ֵݹȥһɰ
ͷԴС磬ҺҿסһԺ

ԴɰЦøЩԺǽ˵סƫԺһֱûסЩƫԺɾ᷿Ǹλסģ
һĽãһϣīԺ˽࣬Դûһ׽ӵʱ˳¾ռ˸ЩĶ᷿

ĬĬȥ᷿ϱס˰ĵطôơ
װ֪ϴĶĶҵط᷿ͭɨ
ӲֻǳԴЩ죬ﶼЩʲô

ǰеӣѡõӣбͽкүѡõӣ˵Ķ
ЦЦ˸񣺡˵Цˣ̫ͺү˵ǺүͨŮź㣬ɨӦġ

ԴﶼסˣǳԴһͨһѾʲô
īԺҲѾźҲû˸˵ֻ˵Ҫźү

ﵹͷһϲˡ
ҸƯΣ׵ģ˵׼ҪˣүȻƲƤҪźƫҲòһݡ

ӽͭֺ㻹ʲôǳɨɾЩ
ǡҴӹ˳ϥȳԴ飬ֽ

ͷԴżֲⰲٺ˶ˣֻүʣڴɨõϣһָҸɻһôúź
ŵȴվڳϣĮؿųЩЦĻȻ

ͨݲʹ뵱ذ˾йᣬͨУͨݴѹ֬࣬˽ץȡ׳˽óãֱͨݵȵͨͨϵȵعԱٿصؿƾˣʥ죡̫¶ԺʷĹ㣬ͨǱ߲鵽֤ݶǰܹҡ

һĻԱվ΢ʥ¹ּ⣬ͨݡֱ򡢽𺼡㶫ĵغóΪͨݲʹ밴˾˳Ǭ꿪ʼ궼յͨݺó˰˱⣬˽óһ˵

سǬʮΣɣԲ
ǰͷƽ岮˽ܻ¸̫̫Ծվ˰塣

ʥˣƽ岮ǰȴ˽ȴΪƽ岮ӣδͨ˴ؾϳѽ񵥸ӵУ֮࣬һʹɵá
ʥƽ岮˹ĸңйʹͼ̣˲кβף

˾˾˾˾Ϊڷƣͨݳ˾ĬѾҵһãõŲ򣿡


εʥ˰ӣ˯һ̫Ӿվͷĸ̨ϣŴ΢΢ЦĶܣŵ¸гһֲݵĴ󳼣ֻޱȻ
֤ȷʵѾܶ࣬ĸףһֱͬ˿̰в뿴ĶӶֻǵúЦĹ

˵һᣬа϶֤ݶҪʥ˵̫ȻԺ

³ò࣬ʥ˲ǿڣˣȻûȷ֤֤ͨݲ˽óͲõˡ½ͨ˾飬ٸ˳ɡ
˹ʥˣԶֻңң̫Ӷһۣת˴

õԶɳǰͻȻ
תЦ˹

㳤һ˫üüȴ˫һۣЦʱֻ˾ִ档
ЦпŵԶɣҲ죺күһͨݣĲǡү̫Ӹȥһ£

Զʱ¶ֲ죺ܣȥͨΪɫغҩƷ˸ҲСķ㣬ǲ֪Ӻ⡣
˫ӣЦζԭǵŪˣȷʵүϼ֪үӣ

ԶɸЦ룬ҴǶɡ
˫ϸĺЦʱֻ˾ҹɫеӥˣ˫Ĵ΢΢˿ѷɫĶ飬º˲ԾˣǸ佫

ЦøЩȻ෴һֱ뽫ԶԼӪʥ˵Ǭд˶ڣŹ
˶׷Ҳϡ̫ӵλˣǰӸЩ

ϻظʱѾ˶
ԴڴſڣүһҺ¶أƼ鷿ҡͷ֪鲻ãûҿڡ

ԡͰú󣬵ڷԸҹź򡣡
һ£ӦгſڣԼȥͷԴ˵ɾλ

Դһ£һ죬֪ӶˣƳ鲻þͲҶ໰
˼źľһλҹҲ˵Ѿߣô

ߵɾӣ᷿Ѿ˵ƺ󣬺ԥȥǰͷ




14.   14    һ

ﱻԴȥʱˡ
ʶ˽죬Դϵ˿ڣʹѹĵ΢Ĳ

ϱҲźģʱں÷ȥıȻԣȴһ㶼
ҲûŹźҹ˰ʱΪҲľ

ѾΪηҪɣǲҪҪһΣûô浽ΪֻѾߡ
Ҫźֻʲôʱźһأ

ϱֽԼĴ齣ұĲ˵֪ͼĺܺá
ǿԼ۾һ˯ⶼûУֻţźǳ

Ҿȵǣ뵽ûзûһͿŻˣȻǱ˳
źľ˺þãҲûУü˼þã˯ȥ

ͬʱԡ볨бϣ俴ųԴ
Դﰲҵľ˵꣬ŽԴڵϣūűӻֻղżӳԶ˾ƣ徻šūŵĴ𷣣

ͬǳ棬ɳԴ͸ĳⲻ糣ͳߵŸСЩû뵽һעͷ˴
óԴֹסЩԹңһźү齵ŪɶʡĵŻᣬͱСЬϡ

Զɫ̺СĴƿԴ˵꣬Ҳϲŭֻȥɡ
ȳԴ˳ȥԺ󣬹һԶɲͳƿӵϡ

ӣæҽסƿСʵ
ԶԷߣĮлмĪķ꣺ҿ

ʱﱧŽˣֻﶼ⣬Ψϵ˺ۺѪ۵ĺܡ
ʱһֶûᣬҲûκ˵ǲ֪ȻһѾġ

ȳͳ˳ȥ󣬵ԶɲԼЦǶ˼ƣԡҲЩȣһ۾֬ɫĶǶǶԵİۼϣǵѪŽ޵Ҫ-Ūĳ嶯

ûôź򣬽Ҳ뾡ܼܽˡ
̫ҽԺԺʹԻ۵Ʒܽظ࣬ѾͷȻΪԼīԺѾͷģ

Զҧҧ⣬ѹסĵǵ⣬ŴԸ쿪ʼ鷿ź򡣡
ŴƿĳϽӦ˻ӼԸųԶ

˵ҩҸôãͷһеԥ
˰ɣеϧҲƼòˣʱһϧ˶Ǩŭôأ

ǸңĲ˵߳ŭٲһٹӣ⻹ǰѴ˳Ϊסˡ
ûôֱ࣬㶵ҹ¡

ʣҩôأ
˵˵ү͵İ㻹ռүĹͣ

˸ۣ̲סԼҵܵһţҵĵû˵ٲأһҹлӡлأ
½󼸸ֳͷŵر͡

⣺ҹүͿҪӣΪɶԼӣ˵ӲһֱﾡҹҪ鷿źϺӿҲ˳ۡ

źôеܵʲôʱôֵܺģ
ɻ˵ɵɵ˵ĵҲûëܹ鵽ʱϾ˳ģǲأ

ڶһ磬Ȼû˯ãǿʰԼͭȥź
һҾƼ޺޵һ˫ײӣ붼֪ǿһҹ

ȥָܿҵЦûźһѾ߾ź𣿡ｫͷ˦ɤӵͺȡ

ҸϽܿɽеĶ£šӵݹȥɤý᲻үȻнīԺҪźģֻӵ˼ǵ˵Ҳ޴Ӳ²⣬ҿɲҿЦȲɺã

뽫ӵٺġ
֪үΪûҪź𣿡ҴĻЦɣī˽ֹأ˵үϲ֬ˣﶼãֻƤӡǱȲī

һ£֮໹Щգڳң
ﵹ˱²裬ͷ˳ôأһ˵Сҽиܽм۵ķӡ

Ժ׵۾ɴһ˲ʲôӣ

ʵܼ򵥣ֻҪԡţͷۻһȻ̶ĥɵķ֮ϣһյ蹦ϴȥõ廨¶ఴһ£׼㼡ѩỬ֬ûӣʹ

û˵ѣϱСҲѷӸˣ˸пĥͷûùȷʵܹþˡ
ü漴ǲѣֻţѵЩźͨӦҲŪ

ֻȻŲ¾裺ⷽǹãΪҪң
ЦЩįֻܹܳ裬ԸΪ㰰ǰֻȽܳͣܰ˵ûҡؼҡ

ﶨҺһɫαֺܿãﳰ಻塣
Ҫٻƫһžۣⲻɵʲô
ôţȴЦ˳סҵ֣˵ģֻҪó裬һ֤ܻؼҸžۡ

򴽣˼֣л㣬ȥռõ廨¶
ӦǱߣһž˳

һϵɽӸңŸ첲ޱ飺˵ĸӣ콫ʰܼˣүԸտʼ鷿ź򡣡
ҽסͺܹĴƿҩĶģ鷿̲ס˸¡

ź𣿻Ԥź齵ΪʲôҪȥ鷿
鷿Ժ˲紵Ļ棬Сʱʱףÿˡ

߰ɣúү֮ǰȰ鷿ɨɾòͣɫЩͷԣүϲˡ
ҽǴƿ鷿ʱͷƤýҪУֻɤ۶סһϱ̤鷿ʱһȶƮֻϽ졣

ֱԸԶķΧ鷿С³һؿںð춯á
ΪԼϤĵطܹƽԵģϾǱ֮ǰźǲ֪̫ء

ֱŷֻ֣ڣϱûǱƣÿһ̤Ǻµģȥġ
һֻǿӲı۰סϸ֫ȵĺ󣬴ϸë׼ôѾߣһ

һںͷܣҿĹȴ޴ӷй
һ㣬Ϥĳһ˲Դµò֪ϦǺϦ




15.   15    ûüء

ԶɲУΪڻֻԼĲ˳
ôң

ͳǻ𶯴ҧס⣬Կص糺Զӣܿյϡ
ȻⲢɬϱźôΣҲڱһҪߣֻΪԼĲûš

ѹԼܶΣҪǿһͬӥһצӵµ޵ֿ֮ԥ̳븹
ֻǳϰʵǺѸģ¼ϵÿһط˵ĵط

ֻ֪ҪסͲȥҧסڲ࣬ǿԼ֧޻һȶվֱ㿪ĸ첲
ūûСϥȥ˵һ仰ֱס˻

ԶǱͺϷʨӣӸԴֱңԴû𣿱ϲѡ
Ҿ̧ͷûĻŵȴϤζŵˡ

ÿλٵ֮ǰĿ⣡
һ˲Լƣһӵɪͬ±˶ǵӡ

үū澡ū澲ǹġҶ°ʵ
ٵĺ£ر˳Ө͸žા䵽˵Զ̧ϡ

Զ̲סüú˵ʲô

һϲϲᷳŮ˿֣ź꣬ү͹źŮֻ˼ͱ˷Ը˳ȥڸûǹ

ﻹûźҪ֮ǰô㱻ѹ¡
ءū澲ǹģū澡ƲסŬ۾Сġ޳

ⳣͳͷĶЩզࡣ
үһôܼңƲסء

ԶɫЩڣޣ
˵̲ססС˶°ĦҿޣرͷЩ˱

ס»Ҫ£۾ܿͿˣҲ޵ֱ£ʵĶȷ޻Ҫˡ
Զɱ޵ķޣˣ

ū澡áū澲ǺºүūֻǺ¡áүū澳ȥҴſý͡
Զ¶ɫڣ˼̶ڻ˭㣬īԺźģѾߣҲź򱾺ǸʲôҲֵź򣿡

ɪüءۡūҲˣүū澰ɣ
Ӻүøϲ˰ɣȥÿÿۣ϶Ҫɱһͷ

ʵԶŴŴźۣҲȷʵ롮Ūûüء
Զɶһ³Ĵָգˣȳȴɨ鷿ɨͻȥЪţٹ

ԶٴȥֻҪŵСѾͷǿŲ;Ը꣬תͳš
еɵۣΪҪȥû뵽Լš

֪ǲĴ˵ƢƺϱҪһ㣬Ǽˡ
ܹǽ˿Ҫүϲڱϲ׽̫Ҫġ

ȥԽĵòԶõģڵõ֮ǰϰ˸Ͳ

Զɳź󣬱㿴ɫдżֵĳͳ΢Цӭ
ӣӵӣȥΧԣҪȥڵ

Ҳϴõʱ򣬽ŵӼƳպ飬ǰȥūѾ񣬻ǰһ𣿡

ԶۣԸ˱ȥׯӽճɣԼµӽ˱鿴һ飬֮ǰ
һӣⲻǳ¶ūҲơ

ȥδ飬Ҽǵӣ̹ǣﾡã𣿡ԶɴϳĻޱ
ܵ˵ĳ˲ͱս죬˵Ļһ䶼û©

ʱܵܲѾңֵѱʱ񰡡

ȥԶὫҼǵȱһսµūմӱ˻һϺõĳ֪ô졣ԶɼתͷųҪл¶ǽб֪ˣͰʡ

˲Ȼūżˣūȥ
˵ųܣӣղ鷿үûźãЩ߳ŭ˼

˶棬Ҳ֪ҹﵽôźģټү޹ūء
һ˭ӣԸͼ̫ˡƨܵĶˣĲɱһĨ΢ľ⡣

˵ʵȳͳߵվ鷿űֹϵ鷿ţԸЩ˼顣
ֻһź˵͵ᣬȻˣΪСԼߣȻû˹Ըˣ

ڽ鷿ŵɴ֮ǰȥ䳡ԸԴ½īԺū㶼ҿˣ²Ǻ߶ûзԸֹǵǰԺ

ԴϽӦūżˡ
鲻ˬ䳡Ҳûйĵ룬ȥ˺ӵԼ

ѾʱͺڱԳһͷ¹˶ûٺ¹ѪֹסЩȡ
ϴ󣬵ԶԺ˲ĳģʱ滨Ľӣбϣˡ

˻Ը
ͷһĳͳʣէһԸ£ǳȷӦ

ūȥϽŷԸ
Դ¸ҳһ£磬ȷ𣿡

ʲôϽġŶһ£ѹǵ

гԴŪţ飬ʱѾźűһأƤͼӰͺЩ
һҵҹԼ᷿˶̲סЦЦ˯øЩ




16.   16    үˣ

ԽԽ䣬ͷҲԽԽ̣ȥʱջͬϺõĺڶһŨ
ӴСѾͷô磿ŷĹЦŵ
ǸЩ͵꺺ӣЩϳһ̺ûҶеɷģ֪Ӻܺá

ЦЦ𣺡ͷһźүҰЩ滨¶ӡ
üֽ䴦棬ЦЩˮڹǺǶˣɵЩҩӣȻҪ̵ģС˰̿ɲá

ǣѣ㲻ҶˣǸҩӵģˡ
ЦЦû˵ǸսĻԳ˽ⲻ

ǻСӶīԺĹӲأ˵ɲԽүֺīԺѾͷ
ֻҩǺүѰģһҾֱүֻǶﲻһ㡣

񲻹ǸĻѣҲ໰ֻɫҼ֡
ţҲû˸˵ʲôҰú࣬Ͼɵ滨¶ȥӡ

㣬ҸŶ˹ˡţٰ㰴Σźұжʵ
˲̿ӻûϣ¶ͷǰ߲ĺۼҿ

ͫЩۼ֪ôģЩļ£̲ס˺һ
㣬үˣɴ۾˳ʵ


ҫԼõү۰ƼҺ£תתż׶ڲסɫܽת͸⡣

ֹ⸧¶ͷĺۺ󣬲סʣɳѹүʵڡ˵ǵū澵ģӣɱ֪үءźү̫ˡ

ѹ̾ͺˣֻҪֺүϲԺŽģܹǺӡɤӣǰο

ŵЩ͸СЦȴֻͣ˳ҵ˼첲װģǾͷźˣʵûүˣñ£Ҳ˵ˡ

ҵͷźԡͿõ廨¶ŻԼӡ
žϸܽظͿãҶžӿ˺һŤſ˴ϡ

Ѿ͸ˡ
ոıֲȫαȷʵϲǵ¶һؾۣÿһضۣƫƫִ˲ƣ

˿ƶȹˣ̣ị̄Ҳô꣬ôͲܼأ
ңź
ΪķԸԴҲûչˣҳ˺ﶼȥˣгԴһֻ۱һֻۣϴѵĻ

˵µһѩʱ򣬼ƣϵ˺Ҳȫˡ
Ϊ˯źЩֻֽźһأҲȲ￴Ŵۼˡ

һֱԹźæֻСֶøܲһǿסԼĵļޡ
Ҳǲż÷׵ʱվʮһУѾʮµףףҲ֪ûлȥø÷͹ȥ

ƫʮһ³ʥȥȪйʱѾʮһʮˡ
ʹԴԴΪʣЦеؾܾȥ

û취ֻܳȥæʱ԰ѳ˹
Щ죺⽫ţôأ

ʵ׳˼ֻ³¶ֻܸϽ˵ԼĿģɷһһã
üأīԺѾͷˣҿʺү

Ҽۿ죺Ҳȥү÷Ҫޣչ꣬͵ױҳȥɷ鷳˰ӹȥ
һ£⡭аɣϽȥá

Ҫȥø̫ͶҲǸ鷳¶Ӷҹﲻһ㣬Ҳһˡ
ֻ⣬Լӿδ⡣

Ŷ׼īԺƼ
Ҳ֪Լôˣӵһʱ䣬Ȼɿ콫󣬸ղ꣬ͱүߵĵܵǿ׳յ۹ˡ

ţһǱܸܵȾˣôô˵¶أ
Զɵûֻʣõʲô

ԹԽóүĻҹú÷ױȥūŸ͹ȥ
Զֽùַ˷˼֣㵹ĳ

﷢ࣺūֻҪȥã̫͹ǱԻɽΣ˳ֵ¶ŴӦġ
ʲôʱ˵ţԶҲƽϣֻһһߵȻʻȴûеȳش

ںͷ͵͵˴磺үȥҹء
˸ۣңû¶Զ㣡ʡôȾɵǼҺò׳ôһġ

ޱ飬ôûĵ

ұ뵽鷿ʱȻڴԤϵ飬ĻֹסЩ
ū澼үұͷ£ŴһЩԵûô͡

Զûң񿴼ûмɳƵɤֻ̲סü
ŵ̬Ҳ˲ȥһ

ôӵģ
Һۿ֣ū澺һֱɾӣϡҲˡ

ô¶ԶɲԾ˳ҵĻƵϡ
۵СϣͨͨӺͱͷȫ˾ѿֻϧЩѡ

֣õָȵЩ÷ۣҧҧ꣺ūҪϴѣҪϴū澡ū澲
ԶɫЩڣīԺĽϴ߶רźǰͷûϹĵŮҲûͷίġ

ԶͻȻɿҵ֣ɫָ˵ȻҪȥã˵
ĬĬ

˵ԶɼᣬĪЩ꣬ɤӳǵ
Ҷ˶ʳһʹŴֵɤýۣԴ˵үԸûǶȥū澲ء

Զʶ뽫˱쵽һ߬ȥ˱ۣīԺūŲȵģȥͶԼȥ
ҸϽϥǣлүū͡

׼ôȥԶĻ
ί÷׾ͻʣգū澡Ѿܱˡ

Զߣ̫֡ΪŮˣ۸ӣб˿˵ΪīԺźôûء
ָ˿ڣȻȥЪţѲԼϴһ˰ţó͹ȥһΣ

ЩʧʵԸԼ͹ȥܴһĿҲˡ
Сɣǣūлү

óѾ͵Ұĵ˽ϴ·ĴʹѾߣüûԴӰ
ѾǷӵĺô̲סֹⳣԴǱүɳ𣿡

ҹЦЦ˵ͷ·
ｫ·սڹǸĺ«״ʱҴǵЦŸЩֻýľ




17.   17    ǲ̫ò

ϴûһܰ԰ԺƼ˵Զߵĳ棬վſڡ
밲ĸϽǰ밲ֻɫΣӽūŻظ˵ȡȥʱõǷɺмá

ϺݺסǮֵĸ첲ϱ鲻䣺Ȼүмãȡ˸ǡ
ڨЦŲ˵Ȼܰ԰ү˵㣬һūŵͬĶӳùĻɫеġ

үѾǵһδöֻװĸȡ
ĸ˺󣬰ϲźݺݷϵжᶼˡ

ǸĸˣҪչȥңýԺӵūŶ֪úˣȲͷЩǧ
ǮСķŰ£Ҳ˵ø

˵Ϻݺ˰Ӻ
Ǯ̾үʮӵͷơϢŭүȥ׳ԿǽͷЩӻáοأ

ĬĬᣬ֪ԶֹŹУȱߵĶһδ˻ȡֻΪ
ҴӼʱԼҵ״绳첮¶ԶϹ

ڶջظʱŵǸﲻûܽѣ˳ĺԺ
ԶֵôãƫƫǵԺ֪Լµ֣ôܲգ

иӰԶֶôԼĶӣĿɬ
ΪӲѵٿ𣿿ķǵ¶ҲЩʱܳɣһ˼˵ʲô

ɬܿ㻯Ϊޱߺ⣬ǰԶֿûôӹһѾߣζܷŹҡ
ˣǮ֣Ǳôˣ

ǮָϽػūѾϵ˽Ӻ嶼͹ȥˣﻹָ̫ǰ˵ûҲġֻǽЩʱգزʥү£ûźԡ

ϲͷӣҲЩ˸Ըû½ҳ˳裬үɲǸĴģ뵱īг³
Ǯ֪޵ЩūûǴӳ飬ʱñ߹ģҳõģҪ֪īԺý

ɰѾûĵȥٵ涼ܽеԶֲڽŵˡ
ҪʲôãĲڸʱȥַףһŮûźλ࣡

Ǯ̾˿ֻ˳⣺ūһ
ڶ˵ĹҶںõ㶹ƣ鷿

ū澸ү밲ź󣬲̧ͷұϥ
ԶǰЩӿԲԾüˣ˭ģ

ұĳŵСĸҲȴǲ䣬ֻڳǰϲĹЦݡ
ūźү鷿һ磬ū澶ȥЩģ裬үЪһɡ

Զ΢У㣬˭鷿ģ

̧ͷƯ΢գū鷿źūѾˣҩӣһ̺۶û¡ūʵڲ֪ôлźãЩū澣ūַ𣿡

㵹֪֮ԶɱһŴŴֶãԼ۵Сز±ˣ
ͷһأСѾͷԼûҲûûᣬʵ֤Ȼ޵ʱǸԸ⿴ЦŵСģ

ҿϣֹס죺ū澵˵СӲܿޣ˲ϲ
Զɸ첲ǰ·ɫСˣֱϲ

ɫϱҲ·Ϊ֣ϲҲֻܽס
ΪߣǰСɤܱүϲū澵ĸ֣үūһϲū澣ūҲúñүġ

ԶɸȤˣＷﹰһŻ𣺡ô𱾺
Щɳֵʹ⣬飺ū澻СģɽǣǺүˡ

ԱģҲۡԶɲҾܾطסĺףǼ⼸Сɵǣૣԡ
һֱڴ֮䣬ҶûӦͱ̧ͷܴݼȡ

үҽӣҡͷ㣬ֺ˲٣ɡǲ̫òЩ
û鷿޳ʹҲ֪Ǳ׵ĻǱŵۿֹס죺үϲСģū澡ū澸ѧ˿ɺã

ԶɿܾգͣĳëȻķۣȴǲǰĽԼоЩԾ
ɫ˳ҵĶſҪлң˿ɲ

Һֶ֪ʲôطţū澡ū澾ѧź
šԶӦһ

̽ſڣū澿үһ𣿡
ԶȻɫɫ䵭Щң˵

ūүЩţ裬ɷ˸īԺЩţЩ˼ūԼȥȡҲС
Զɴӣҽг͹ȥ

һϲЦˣлүūȥ׼¶
˵תܣ˴鷿ÿһ̶սľڻûźʱء

ԶЦѾͷܣ浱ԼǸƢõأ
˸īԺţԶɵԸȥΪʲôҪţ顣

Ȼ˳ҵ⣬ɵԶȴԸһСѾͷԼҪģҪյлҲոǡ
ܻͨԼءһŹϺߵߣ˸

̽ͷȥ᷿бĴߣǡ¶




18.   18    С̳

˹һѩūɨɨ򸮵װعɫҴұסˣӰ
ʱģһһźȥ˺

ھǰױҶţţǮֽ˴ĻؿڱƵתƤЦⲻЦб£ЩʱյţûٻӰɣȻûӣҲܽƷѡ

ɬЦô˵ү鷿źҲǳûү˵ţ裬үսţīԺûӡ

ЦЩӲеļ޶ҪڲססתȥǻͦȻȥЩ¶⼸յ̿裬ƤЩɣҪźүɲܽкүϲ

˳Ӧ£ãȥ
ҶŴӻռĻȥ˺Ŵӹ﷭˸壬͵͵ҵӡ

ԼЩʱĻ¶ʱ̲סü
ѾͷﶼźүģЩĻơ

ҽԼݷŵҲһˣֻĲ㣬Ѿ׽ҵԼѾͷ
īԺź࣬īԺҲźүŮˣûһſ̶ֳȡ

֪ݣЩƲۣҲǺҡ

ү֪δظˣ֪ܵ˭īԺӣĪҪѹɤӵ
Ҹм룬ϱԿȥ˺ַҲܼʱȳ

Цһ񣺡ģ֪Լʲô
ԶҺһȻЦڰֲٶ˵

泣ȥǰԺҲŴԼ﷭ö壬ֹס̡
˵ǸǣǶߣϱӻججӲǰգȻ

ʱΪԼ󵨣ֻţһ±ܿóûô¡
ܽİӵŵҩȥַʹһðŵķգҲҪīԺףҲû

÷û¶һף˰ϣûôݡ
ֻ׵ǣүŮˣΪһҪŪأ

벻ұ㲻ٷѾ׼ԻŪʼĩغãɵ˴ϡ
ҪƣҲڸʱҪץʱúϢ

˯žͱѣ棺ҹүȥ鷿
Щͷԣﲻ˵ҪźΪʲôͻȻȥ

˼Ͻ·ͷһű㿴ɫ԰ۿףһߺ޿
˵źܸúЩϱÿź궼ҪǰҫǹӴ飬Թɲźӡ

̲סЩȽ鷿Įʱﵽ˶塣

ū澡
ȥԶɵԸ

ЩɵۣȻأҺˡ
Ҳ˲æȥû뵽ͳɿ˳ȥ˳š

Զɿվԭز֪ңȻ䵭úܡ
ӲͷƤ߽ͣ£㱻һקȥӵϡ

ϤĴвҽг漴ѹͣˡ
ǵø߹㣬īԺź˭ġԶ˹ժͷϵΣضҺ¡

֪ҵѾͷҪźͬԺӵѾߣ߱Ϊʲôţ
סǿԼ侲ػȻź˺үǺүˣū澡

ԶɴǹһĨЦǲҲź򱾺͸֪Լ˭Ѿͷˡ
ұѵõЦۣ̫ʵüΪƯЦǹɫҪŮӻҪʢ

ҲˣͷģٶűЦҲǱ
漴ҷӦŸоȵĺѾ˾󣬶ǶϵΪȣֹסЩҡ

үŬСֵڶ֮䣬ū澰ɣūۡ
ԶЦ⽥Ӹ¿ɫ糺С˶Ҫһ⣬үһ㡣

йֹס̣һҲ˵˵ѡ
ҧס⣬Ƴ⣬գˮ۾ū澲

û˵꣬Ҿͱס˴ֱ࣬׵ôǰЩΣȻûκһĴ㡣
ʲôźңŻؼң޸ڴԻǱԶɿЩȴȻöͷģ

Ȼ˿Ϊﻻ˼ıֻǸԼС״
֮ǰӺ÷˺󣬽нϴѾߵŶòЩī÷СŶ˵ԼīԺź¶

īԺƿжϣҲû򣬿˻һ˼ܡ

ôұϷˣëأ˲们ūûУԴӽīԺū澾Ǻүˡ
ʲôԶЩزȥ۽ǵᣬȴôɾ

ؿ޳׳ŵʹū澾ǲźźū澲Ҫء
ϲŮѳϲŮԴף˿ź򣬸鷿źֻܾúүᷳ

û뵽һ޳ԶϵɫЩԼĳ嶯۽ǣ˱飬Щ¶ȣûź򣬱Ȼ֪㻹ǸС̳ӣ

ұС̳ҭһѣЩãڰϱӲ׿ڸϲŮԴ




19.   19    ѧӵѪӦȡ

ֹסϱӵ
ʱﱻߣһȥīԺߵѾߣҲû֪ǲǻš

Ϊǿ鱻ҳ壬Сʱ䡣
һΪīԺźˣһֱȵ½ʱҲûֱŮˡ

ʱֻŽС΢ʲôʣɵȴӽ𺼻ʱЩܲסˡ
ڴϣʵʲôͳ鶼źˣɾֻڴ齼䣬ҲЩܲסǿǵ̢

ǵڹԶ˾ƣԸھڣ鷿ڣԷڵ׷ʲôιȥ˺üΣѹͷǻζĺӰ
ʱһζŵ򣺡үīԺѾź𣿡

ʱţź˾ȾɣôźȥֻºܿҪĺ󳾡
ΪʹϣһصĮ

Ҳ˵Լһź򣬿ðŻ˸ίķʽūСû취źү
ʱ̫֪Լþ̢ɳƵЩǰûֹסʣĬһɿ˸

ǵʱرӲҪҪź򣬲ʵģᷳԴ׵Ůˡ
ʱһᷳ־;òӲο㲻ʣֻŲӰ˳ȥ

֮кЩ죬ûźһͳͺ£ߡ

ͻȻҵıǼһʹԾС
ź򱾺ʱ㻹ҷģ

ѵǸԻԶת䣬Ҳһشֵͷҧס˵Ĵꡣ

ȵǣҸղŻĲֲԾ˳ʶץס齣᲻֪
ĪЩί˳ñѹ鷿Ŷԣط

ޣԶƷ˿ɬζЩƻ˶ɤӵͺȣ漴øףؿһϣԾɤû
˵СҲǸò׵ģҹ¹ѪҲֻźһء

֪ϲԶȻ֪ݣٶǶʧڿžӨ͸ȴζ
̫ᣬЩľҲ˵Ӽ̽ĵޣū澲źҲź򡭡ء

ԶüС׻Ȥƶʾͽ˲ϲˡ
סҵС֣Զ㻹ǵԼ𣿡

ұЩ£ҲԤ뵱еĻ˲Щӣֹס˿ֻ᲻ͣ۽ǻ䡣
үˡū澵Ĵū澲·ϡ

˳ԶɱȸղŻҪ꣬û˼˼
ɾôſСѳһʱ㽩סˣֻһƴסʣһ۵ļҪںˡ

ʱͻȻرӣйá
ұͷŵһ£Զɷ˿𣬻ΪղǶ£ԼûעԴ

ȻȥԶøȫӲ
ҺҲ˰ᣬϥ󣬱㰲˳ȥҪڣҲ÷ʱ

ʱƼͷվŸߴ޳ӰӰںɫע⵽Ƕ°ڴƵ£Щ΢
һ£ͻȻϱӺҲôһλֻǵúǡǰŶԣûãʹȥ˽𺼡

ͷ첽ɾӣҲͷ磬վڶ᷿ſڵ
źүˣʡ

Ҹո۾޵úףݾһίӣǽү˵үλᡭ
̲סקסӣݺݵһֶۣû;˦Žݡ

ɫȻ᷿ϴ󣬶̲ͭס

ֲøղҪһո鷿˻һͷڷġֻ۾ף촽Ҳ׵ɫǱ۰Ժӡ

̲ס˽һ侲
ƻｫʱóץס˰ıߺ˻ҪԼۡ

ΪܵܣΪһѾͷͶɩΣҪźֻнϲŻͶ

֪ΪλǰͳˣǺܿҪȥ𺼣ȥͷŶóݡ
޷ָ£;Ҳˣ¸ƨ

ҧҧ˳ԭŵĵطʽһλ
鷿ڵԶͻȻ˸磬⽫·˹бϺȲ衣

ѵĹͣҲ̫ЦǸոǸѾͷ˰ɣ˼ǵã¶˫۾ˡ
Զۣ̫߳ӻ˼עԺѾͷûǴ괺ǣǱѾ¬Ұѿסˣǲ֪δһӵġ

Цⲻ䣺ͷƫҲǵһ֪϶ڶǰסˡ
̫ӽԶ˼Զɲȥ̫ϵļЦӰ棬Ͷ

ս̽𣿡νƵЦƳӵĴ̫ѾʸͷˣҲûжԶŶΪ̰Ҽǵı̰

ԶɫȻҲվڶߣǸ˿Ǹç˼һҪһЩȨ֣ʥûжƵֶΣҲĽ
ȻͷӶ϶Ҳþô۰ֻͷӸ󡣡

ôԶɴС̫һ𳤴󣬼֣ûô

ȻŸһЦݣֻúܣȥһ˽𺼡ͷ֪϶뽫ģҺܺͷǲǻܰƻ̩ɽ󣬽Ϊʺ󡣡

Զ̲סüӦúڹλô꣬ʥ֪¶¶ۼ

Ц⽥ȥⲻô˵ô鵽첮ͷȥȥһֱ֣ͦûƳƾǳ֮϶סͷҲ£֪Ϊ󡣡

ԶɴӲ˵֪ԼΪ˸˵СŲЩ֮Ķ

̫ҲִǷشֻ˹ɫ̫ʮ꣬ԽҵλԽȣ벻룬վĳԽҪץԼеȨԽֶԸ϶ֻĶ֣ýٹ֪̫ж顣

Զüͷ΢˵
Ҳ˼ȥҾܰڶ𣿡̫ЦûѡʱҸǸŮȾָֻĸе١

Ҫʲô̶ȣԶɲţȻȻý˿
תŴ⣬᲻ѧӵѪӦȵİɣ֪ܲȼѧӵŭأ

˵꣬ȵԶɻشһԼûдڸеС̫ź£϶񣬲š




20.   20    Ѫ

¾еѩˣʳеūŶͣɨѩ壬èڽ߬ź׵˫ֵѩͣ
Զʱɫ̫ཫŹ۾¥ǰֻӲ˸񣬾СŽԱ߻ȡů

ԶϹ۾¥¥ů紺ʥߵ̫ܹҼԶ˹˳ȥ
ö˴ӹ㶫Ǳ߽޳ŲҲƷƷ֮ʥˣЦкԶ

ԶѵãʥףȲ衣
㻹һȺûУֻ֪Ҫ۵ġʥ˲ԶĮЦҡͷ

Զ²豭ͷѩҪ䣺ˣ֪
Щȥ㻹ԹޡʥϵЦżį

Զ˵
ʥĿңң⣬۾¥ܿǱѩûԴ

Ϊ˱ޣűݺ˽˺ϡʥģʱ޸ոռλ̫ҰѳֳͼרȨҪѧΪ̫ãҵ±ҵģڻʵۣŻ֮

Զֻűе뽥ƯȻڡ
ʥҲûָڣֻ̾˿ȥ𺼡

ʥϣ¬£Զ̧ͷֻǸ¶ЩȳƴЩ
ʥ˵Ц½𺼣̫֮Ҫȥ𺼣ֻҪһ顣

Զš
ʥ˴ӴعͷҪ¬ҵõ̫ı֤ݣ㡣

ԶüʥҪ̫ӣ
ʥתͷ⣬ĪĮࣺⲻùܵ飬ôԸôɡ

ԶĬһϥ£ʥּ⡣
ʥЦָŴƣСʱѩѩ̵ġ

ԶߵǰʥˣҴСԾͺãȻǵá
ʥ˺ǺЦƣﶼǳЦ⣬һ㶼ǸվҪݺԼӵĸס

ѩصĴѩͣɾڣŴëĴѩ˺˵ӡ
˰ϱŵǳϦʱ˽Ҳ׼ˣֻѩͣ˶ѽ

ºۼʱ˽ŵūһܲ
ǴϦֻܵԪڣˮСһ춼Ȳȥ

˵ѩ¶ʮžͣˣīԺеūźܿͽѩɾѵ¶Ц
Ҷ¶ʱϵЦû£ǳϦӶҪ磬ҲһԸΣ

ЦñﻹÿģЩ׼
ﶢϵЦļô䲻ȥ뵽ڶҪ飬ǿѹ˺ĳ嶯ѵûԸ¾ͽȥˡ

һصױƺȡĥ˵侲һԡ
ϱҲǲʱīԺֻʱԪʱ֡ԼĿ͸¶ԼĶ裬Ȼס

һأûָ
Ϧ԰æһ಻ķˣȥ

ϱһóһ̳÷ơ
ԺСԻģˣһүϻˣҪźҲ¶ϴżЦϾơ

÷ôãҲǼʶһЩö÷֮崼һСѾͷԻģ̣ȴûܾ
ۺڴƣȲӷˣ㾴һԴīԺǰ˲顣

ҶƣЦùǫˣⶼҸģϾźү࣬Ұﲻæôн̹Щһ
ЦŤһ˲ֻźһأүԷûܽȥң鷿źү飬ƾԼǺӹү

ѹŭߴٵÿ쳢Σɻ˽㲻ء
ƷˡҴ˼ھƣӲ˲ǣʰȥвˡ

Һ˾ƣ㲻˵ֻš
Ҽ˲ˣûУӾ˵أ㡭ңЩͷΡ

ͷξͶˡЦ´ÿҪǵã׺ȱ˸ľơ
ɫɷף㡭㡭

û˵껰Ҿ˳Űȥ
һյű߿˿ͷûˣҧݺһţŷұַǱСܡ

ȵ˺ַ⽫ˤǻҳϣ۵ǺҲϢϽ򿪺Ĵߴ٣ǵý£ֳ
һɫȴĳӴӴٺٵЦģҲǵһ͵ˣ㶨еģҪԱ߿ţ

һɫм˷ˣͷţ㣡
˵￴һۣٴţŲӶͷŲͷĶ

Ƥ̫Ҳ±˷֣ۿұǳªӣ;ˬ졣
ˬûܳһ΢ĦһͻʵĲҽըϣŵûˤȥ

ɫ԰׵ȥʲô¶ɴӺַഫĶһٴһСŻԼӡ
δͬϵƵģǺ²ҩľƣΪ洫Ĳҽлӵأ

ʵӰʱעЩԣ˵ҪһԾƣԸòԾ
ǹ۸ڶЩ˾͸ţƵģմһԼˣҴҲǺȥôһԾأ

¶ºŷǶһϦԻǷЩ˼ɾǱߡ
һûƼｫұַɺַһԸƽﲻٶȱѸǱܹȥ

ԾŻѴ˵ַʱ˶һ
ұµǼӷŴ󿪣վſڣѪϡ

߲Ѫڻӳ£űСĵøҵ£У˵׼Ǿ޻Ǿš

ԣҶؾе¶ҵЦ֮䣬ëأ壬ͷҸү˵ûźˣүˡ

˵꣬˿ûԥԼĲӺݺȥ




21.   21    㲻

ϱӾ֪ھеĻȳͳҪãֻ򵲹˵Ķ˷θãűսīԺź
ԵֻڣаɱԼǰܾȻȻ˵

ҲҪĽִǱйһʵ
ϱδǿ壬ֻǲԼĶ

ݺȥ˲䣬һ˼ϱӡ
źʱѾܹɽīԺ

дؼҿСͿظĪײ˶˳ϣø϶鲻ãơ
Ĵָǳ̵С˿ڣûѪֻƤЩס

򿴼ϵˣޱȵȻŭóֱӽֶ˫ӳȥ
ûãүĲ¾ͱߣȥ˺ֱǰÿؼԶԶܿ

һζЩһ˼˼źʱˮвضزסӸµƵһ
ǵã°ͣ˻һе鶯δȻӲ

˵ΪΪ㣬ҵĶ
κ˲ͱ⻰ˣļ

ʱɫرѿݺҧסҵĴ꣺ϲ覴õĶ㻤סԼ㵨Լˣͱֱ㣬ס𣿡
Լôشģֻǵǳֹġ󣬵ţţûܹκڱ˵˺

룬ڣҲĶ˰ɣ

ȥʱӾͺݺһ£ѸǰҲסӵȥơ
ǧһ֮ʣ۵ȴûоʹֻȺҺ们䡣

ۣҾͿ˫ǿѹŭıӣ漴ǳĵͺ
ӣƺϵѪһԸȥ

Զɼƴȫŷ˹ѹסԼղſǳʱ𾪣ɾӵסĲӽϣ˿ΪѪø졣
üѹɤҲѹסŭ˭ĵɱţ˱ˣʹ˼𣿡

һһ˲أǶ
ȻЩɤӿڣūˣͼū澣ūûȥ

ҴѪɫϣģһƬĽľԴ¶޳ĲܸĲӡ
ū澱֤ūһηҲá

սص˶¶ɫͷһַһ޲šϸĲʡԼ
ͻȻڳųŭȣȥι

ӲͷƤϽӦǿŭʣĶˡ
ɫãһ˲תͷ￴ʶػûüū澣ūһ۾Ϳ

ԶɲվԱߵĳĿһͬ￴ڵϵӾȫѪֻǲͬ¸ĳطҲѪһƬλɣһ¾ͽ˴ڽӴĵط˸ϡá

˶ɽ˽˫ȣԶŭĪЩͻȻ֣ὫұԺߡ
ϽǰӣūɣֻѪأҪ

˶룬õˡ춯ūŶ̿򣬱Ҫ֪ȥԶϳĻīԺȻɵ룬鲻ǾͶûˣȥ췣

һݣҶ˵ֻϽǣūȥ졣
Ҫ֪ڿվ̫󣬳ȼ֪ģ˶Ϊɡ
ǽ֪ӵֻҪΣķ

Զɿһۣ΢΢ͷ˫һԼԷ
ݣֱӵ˴ϣȴûҸоۡ

չڴϣͱڴߵס°͡
˵ϲѣ˵飡Զӥ㲻֪ôػͲٴīԺˡ

̲סʪۿ׳ŵעȻŭˣū֪˭뺦ū澣ūҲ֪ū澵ףū澻֪岻ū
ԶٿȻȻЩű㣡

֪ˣֻŬЦ˳ЦС䵽°ϣر᣺ūֻǱ˻ˣĸӶ˺ū澣ū澳˶ʲôˡ

ӿôƲסʣүΪһѾߣΪԼīԺڶ㿪ˣɻ˸ҪҵҪĲʣΪʲôΪֻǸֵѣˣֻҪӵӲʲôϵ

Զɽ޵ķңԴ¿ʼѾ̫ûôǣߣԽСƲסԼķꡣ
պ˼Щʲô

ȻأôǺүֻͨǸѾߣҲ檣檶ûʸôҪ𣿡ҼǺ޵û
Զɽ޵ļۣüڻ޵𱰶˲ãһ˿ŭҲЩӸˡ

ҷ޳ԥ˻Ǻ庢һĺ󱳡
үɱҰɡҽѹ˵ϣѹɤŴŴ󣬡Ҳһˡ

ϱӾ̫֣̫ʵʲôʲôᶼ̣Ż䵽һء
ⱲҪС˵ûһֵܵסŮ˵һ޶ϵϲǲϲ

ھҪѡݲԼһŲҪǰҪźˡ
£Ҫĸ᲻
˿ڵĴʹûκα飬ɳƵȴ붼ûšüģ㲻

ңǴ˾ܾ仰߯˲þ
ԶԼԣϸϰ߲Ѫɨ䣺һĽǱģͲ𣿡

ԼĻûشֻǽԼĻѪϡ
ϣҰȻ˯Էڡ

˯ŵʱϣұɾӴߡ
ͬһʱ䣬Ҳ˱ߣܰ԰ڣǮ֣ĵԶɫһԲ

ҧŴϣͬܵĹһάԼ档
ȳԺ󣬵Զֲݺݸ˰һ⣺ΪҸ㣿ӶһһĴ£ôȢô

漴Цģ˵λȲԺ˵ͷɣ




22.   22    ׼𣿡

ȵԶŭ˳ܰ԰űƫİһŵ͵ЦЦЦס޳
δǰȷʵɻ첮ļңȴΪá

ϺҲīԺ첮ֻôɩȰԼһ㡣
֪첮ΪҪ˽īԺѹ¶ҵļޣѹ¶Լ񱯰ķй

л첮ڣͲᱻݻңҲֻˡ
ģʲôŻ޸һˣ

İϲ֪Զŭžƺȥ˶үԶԺƽһٱԹ
ȵźūŶЩ˯ʱԶֲѹɤٵǽסΪλô磿

ԶϻǸľګӣĵ㻹֪ǸģǶ໰ԣǶסˡ

ԶȾϾɫЩҪزͼ϶īԺֻԶܽӴԶ鷿Ѿûҵ¿ɵãЩ²Ĵӵʲô˶ա

ԶüˣСĸǽжлᣬ̽һĶǸѾͷ˼˵׼Ǹͻƿڡ
Զǰ͹µСģ̲סۣỮЦ˳ǿǸ涯˼ҲǺ¶ùһ㶼ޡ

Զ߳Ҳ̫ˣ̫̫Ͳϲ㣬̫ʵ䷴
ԶһĨݣҾǵ͵ףΪʲô˼ģԽҲ¶Խġ

ԶԴ˲һʣôģЩӵﶼ
ҲԶֽ̫ϣЩгϢҪзһ졣

ڶһ磬һûѣԶɾʹųȥãóţֻĸ˵
̫Ļ̲סüīԺʲôΪҪΪȥҸ˶ټõ㲻ҪԼ̫˵𣿡

ǰͨҲˣƫƫѾߵһиӳĻҹ㻹Ը޹
Զĸ׵˱裬ûشĸףֻɫȻʥ˵˼뽫ƽ岮ĵСָҡ

üͷøʶЩۣǶӵ˼

ܹǹͶӵͷģҲ֪ʥвΪ˼̫ӱƵýͻ̫Ӱ¶ָʥ½𺼲ƾ٣ǼˡԶ侲

ĸȥԶɲŲɫҹ첮氲ϰ¶͵͵īԺóͳûһӡΪ˲ɣΪճһŭǺЩ

ЦЦŵԶɣûһʼôˣҲ׷Źӡ
ûǴҹͻȻ֪Ū֣Ҫң谮ֻǽڣ

Զɫ䣬дżζĸ֪ݲ²ֵūţȻ֣ȻЩ
˼Ŷӣأ

ȻᴦԶɴӶһڲŵ
ζЦЦǾӣɡ

ȻĶӣɲò˵ҪĸŮ죬ǾԶˡ
ԶɵͷǸӣһ˵ͤůϼ

ЩЦãԼҶĶã۶ǻҵ¶ء
˵ͷѹʱ򣬶ϺúɵĴӺһŷӦԼ˯Է

ˣūźͻȻһŵӴϱ
Ȼ廹еɳƣǸŮҲ켫ˣīԺȻбѾߣ

ҪӱסһɫѾװѾͷվڴǰʵ
Ȼ̬Ⱥܹ˵ҲߣһǾЩԾѾߡôеأ

漴ҲŷӦӵűӵɴ۾ʲô
ѾޱĻū澴ѿүԸԺūԺź򡣡

µصͷܺãԼʵĻѿԼشȫˡ
Ҫѿһ飬ﻹѰ˼ţλӸͷ˵һʱ·Ӳá

ҳŵͷѿź¡
·ҹ·һ°ɫûˮĺȹͷɫľƵĶԽӡ

ͭǰº󣬴ѿֽ٣˳־һѹš
мСѾת˲ɫĺլŮӣŴѿϵİ׹ӣֹס㱡

Ӷûô½𺼣С˵ӳֵģҲǺҲ²򲻽ŮɫϲзԴͷ
ΣѿҲⲻķۣԾࡣ

ΪλŮīԺˣ˶ڲ࣬˻˭ܷģ
һشʹЩѹֵĵͳȥ

һûӦѿѸ˳ȥŵĶ

ϲ𣿡ԶңϣѹŲ׽˷ֵľޡ
ΪԭȾ͹ˣû뵽ܸýֻ뽫СһţЯ˭Ҳźá

Щ̫ڣһҶүʲôأ
ԶȵĺսȻͨĶϣϲҸĽ𣿻ЩΣϲʲôԸѿ˵ͽ

ƯСʵǽ˲ܲѺöãķ飬˭ýʳ£
ƫƫͷϤĴнˣū澡

ԺҲýԼū澡Ҳٲᱻ˵
Ȼ˼գŻЩ΢׵ӿ򣺡֪ˣң檡ܻϲ

ҧ˵꣬ϽŤͷ̵ֻ
Զǰɫ˹ڣĽҲҪûرҪı꣬׼𣿡

еɵۣҹ߹ĵطͻȻ۵˳üͷҹӣӿɺã
ԶЦζȷʵҪӣţʱƱʣһ

ŤͷŰ˵
ԶҹǸûͷûβΣƵһ١Ǹĥ˵ģȴǵǵصľͺ⣬ôϸŮһʹ졣

֪ԼɣЦرſ񣺡ӮΣһѾ߾ͽһˣòԼˣ

ѹʱԶǻеʹ⻹֮ȥ˳ҵƣĸ׸ǰ档
ҲֻǸĵΣȴʶֿܡ

ŵС׵͸Զ°ͶҪݣݣҪʲôԸ˵ҲҪԼݣ治ô˼Ȼ·𣿡

ס⵽ҪԼ֣ѳ
ɲô룬ҶԼĿ꣬ѹĵ¶ٹɲЦͷ檼סˡ

ȴͲؽǰì֪ܵˡ




23.   23    үϧ

Զ˵Ҫͤůðʱر죬ûô̽ģľ
ɫЦЦĵҪΪﵹûʲôֻһѾߣиһȥů󣬻ĸ׾裬ǲ̧̫ˣ

ӵ˼¹ӭòйԼҲ֡ЦúܿȴԶֵģϾīԺ¶ǸҪ¶үôԸūűôˡ

Զֱ߬ȭϲ䣺Ҳǣôĵͷһ˵Ҷ׵
ȳת뿪ԶϵЦݲֻ䡣

ǵԶǵӣǸĺģīԺôǵԶɵģɸѾ߶ǰͷǾµģԶʢ

үСʱȥԺšСĴǰʵ
Զ鷿Ƿ͹ȥ˵㳯ϵԺȥˣĽŸȥҲʡ

Զżȥϵ˷ԸһȥС̬ڰǰſ
еԶֻţǰϻһ㷨ӶûУΨһĵŮԲסܰ԰ūǵĿ࣬ڰǰ˺üΣð֮࣬ɫһһա

˳գұѿźŵͤůʱڵǶѾСүǶΧ̫ߴ֣΢
Ѿ˴ĺ÷ַԸżϲɫ͵ǰӭұעӵĽɢ˲٣ʶЦЦ

̧ͷƼüղ¶ɫȻмֲڡ
ԴһˣͷͽƫԺҲԷû

⼸ǽʳźţȴеϾ˵Ҫˣ˽⣬ʱԽãԽˡ
̫밲Ժи˼תҲ˳ǰ

̫ңж˼ִѾͷ뿪òµʱգŲ仯
ʵһֱЩɻĶԶɴǸɫģҲƲҳɫʲôүǵĵط

ɶ˵źĲӸ㼸档Ϸ۵ɫˣڣԺʵźү֪㲻֣ܺүǲǻ㣬Ҷݲ㣬ס𣿡

ҹߵͷ檽Ϸ˽̻塣
ţɡϵͷַԸ

һԺ÷Ͻ˹͵ǰҸսӹɫİͻȻڣϱо仰֪


ϣ
԰͵Զͬʱüڡ

ǵ԰磬ǰʱûЩʱճܰ԰ڵūŶȥǰ㹧Ȼʮ꣬Ҳв˲ԡ
ʱɫקסϵӣ˵ȥ

̫ɨ˴ȲĶһۣҴײŵø˵˵ǣһˡ

˦԰俴ңѾ߼˽ܣϱǲŵģѾͷиҵ嶼ݵرɲöϱɡ˵ֻΪɺôҲǺүŮˣҪЩ

üǼҲ˵˵˵˽ȥܲôתͷȥԶɡ
Զɷ²յɫ䵭ĸѾ߿ģóʡ

ɫÿǿڣĸҲ֪Ǵɣڸ
ͻȻӿڣӴҼǵõѾͷɻίأ˵Һòǡ

˵һסû˵ȥҲ˼
үԶüԶִҲֻͷȲ裬ůͻȻ΢

Զɫ˿䣬ֻе˭óҵ˵鷿ΪѾźҲûΪ֤׵ĶԻ˳ʸĸף˵ɩĸ׼֤ԺŮף

ɫȻˣﲻ˵ź֪һûӣղȡ衣

̫Щ죬ɫ糺һƬңתͷ۶ӣζЦ˳
㵹Ǹϧġ

Զɲÿɷ񣬿ŵԶֻ˻⣺ǰЩ긮һֱǽɩЩǵԼݡϲЩۣѰԺеͶɡڸڵ£гɩڣҲͷɩĸװŴɩܹܱǡ

ԶɫЩȻĵ˵ﻰ

ôɶȢޣҪּңϴϱҲѧѧƹˡϴϵԶֵĻ䲻Щ¶׵Ƕ࿼Ǽ֣Щȹ̸Ⱦɡ

ӳϲɫĴϣ˳Ϻ˰϶סӣ˭ûٿڡ
һֱͷڵϵң˳ؾеĲյ

Ҳ˵ɫͬÿĶүΣȴͤůڳ˽ڶƽǿϲɫĴϺɫĵԶһܰ԰תһơ
ϺһЦҽΪƵû˼һôһٶǸƳң˶ɵӣ

˵󣬰ƹԶֻԼԺӣ˿Զɫڳʲôӡ

һصīԺղͤůʱԼάа˼֡
ƫԺǳԴǰԷﻹһƬ÷֣ɾӾࡣ

һʱѾ˴ɫ϶һˮɫ±ӡ
ɫ𣬿ɿⰲţĪЩݹ·ȻҪź򣬵ȵĳ裬ͼı⡣

ԼĶӣɫԣǿԣԸ޸ׯںޣƶնá
ֻûѡΪ˻ȥҪǰӳС

˵λͷùţ˺þãֻ˳
ѿ˻صڣɫЩڣӣүԸˣһҪ·ȺúϢ

̲ס죬ɲ硣
ֱͨǱ˴ڴϰȹգҶûԽòԾ

ϱҸ½ʱ֪ԼŮ£С˵װź
ֻǵԼϴͱ˸˴գżǺģﷴˣô

үʲôڲշں˼ãŶŴѿʡ
ѿʵҲ֪ڸӵΨһźλʵڴš

ѿҡͷסˣͷһͷһ㵹ôô¶
ҧȥ˵˵үһţûʱ䡭ҾͲˡ

ӣðɣүġѿ΢ؿһۣȻֻźҶ̶̼죬ͦϲӣȡ衣
ȥȥûʲôصɴѿɵôѿؾͳţվ˳ǰ

ͷһźү𣿡
֪ӶҲһ㣬Ҳûܲһ㵽Ըⱻв

ô˵ˣȥһҲ޷ѿǼ
ϾһŮҲûŰӹ˲ǣ

˸ۣһҪǰ˵û㡣
ԸȥҲûʲôҪ¶

ӲͷƤҵĻ˵ˣԶҰԺʱǿ壬°Ȼɫȴģгͷԡ
˻ԶɲЦЦ׼Щÿ˻ʳ

ү밲үšĴҼϥʰ
ԶɵĻôѿв

ܾõԶɫԣһ῿˵ģҪʲôǲңαҪ£
Զɽס˶ȴҲûĶ׼ź򱾺ˣ

׼ˣסŵӴԼĴүϧ
ԶɴèƵĥСлʢɫȴȻ䵭ĺܣ˳ҵڣὫ˱ȥ

һŵӲͷһô֮£ϤҪƵĿ⣬ʹɬر۾һϱźλүʱֻſ籩Ϯ
׵ϣѹӴսɫЩ׵С˶һͻȻЦһϱӣ˹Ťͷ

Ŀɿڴţǲա
ͷһѧźլŮӹ˰죬˸ˣ




24.   24    һ

Ÿչ, ϺӲڵŻӲůЩȴһžͷԸ򿪴ƽϢϵĻ
ӡ׼, Ҫţӡ

ԶվڴڵźǱ, ȳȥ
ֲҶ˵, ӵĲշ, վſڴ۵Сۡ

˵ʵԺסһҹӾЩԾ
ʥּ˱£Ҫ, Ҫźþи·ˣҲкЩ¶ֱǰæýŲմء

ȿʼ, ͳΪ̫ۣŽոĽƲһԡ
ɳգ̫ǰ·, ҲС, 涼ˣҲ

Ͱˮպã⻹ӸЩϲ춫Է
˭ӾȻԸѿ, Զбܶ, ͸εεСͻȻ˺ˮƵġ

ոθǽгɺŮɫ޷ҲİˣӶ˽, ԼɫǰȻûЦɡ
˼ţӲǡ˰ɣ

½𺼣ҪҪӲЩ׳Ʒ
ҲôŸ⣬СӾҲ֪ôԻö

ֿʼת˸ۣÿʱ밤ͲԶˡ

Զɲ֪ڸԼĿԣö«״壬ڴվ˲ʱ
εҹΪżȻڱƤ֮ǰǽЩ飬öν壬Զɵڶһͼˡ

һ͹԰˴ѿȥǰź򣬻гӿⷿ﷭ƷΣСϸװȷʵýͷȡ
ˣҲǼɫˣҲСţ͵Ӹˡ

ֻû뵽ǣҹȻΣöйصΡ
ǱԪڹ磬Ҳӹص򸮣ֻʵྶͥûܴĿվſڡ

ǻű鷿ץסԳԼڴ˽ᡣ
׾پͱץסｻ嵱ҹͱҳԶɴǸˣһ֮ʣֻԸ̣˾ȫˡ

˱˫ֺ˫ţͬһ˳ȥ
ԶɼǵûԵѹ԰ﱻߣӰ䲻ᣬ˫۴żֵӺͽɫţԼĵѹ鷿

ҿ޵úһֱںۣµԶѾǿ޺
ԶɴûʵǰҲûڴ齼˼ɵǰܹ󲻹ҲͲݲ¡

С˵ҲĪϧýԾ뽫úúһ壬ֻûȥͨ͹ˡ
ū澵Ĵū澲ýкүūһɣūҲˡǰѿ޵ɳƵСɤֿʼһ˼Ҳը˷Ρ

ʲôвýкʲôһúǰ鵽Ůӿ޺ˣ
յĵԶǶ߶µСڵϴ۵úܣϰԼҲûʲôֻǽϡ

ֻҪ㰲ЩҪǰ˵ġ
ʵô·һ־Сʲôϲ֣δҪ

ԡԸҩӹʱε˵ѾԼ˱꣬ɾ᷿˯ˡ
ԶɼǵԼԼ·ͷһˤ˱յСǸŪ

Ϊ˵գԶС깦

Զվڲշšü˼ЩϲûŭǾʵʵ޷ӣܶʱԲϣ׷Ƕйء
ǰȴе죬Щ΢ϸ롭ⳡèϷ˭è˭ɲɵһСѾͷ˵㡣

ԶЦŲԼΪŮ˷ħһŮƿԼ

ͷһŽţүԷɸ봫Ŷˡ
Զö壬ϵмӹչֹסü˫ŰҹнӸЩ

ӽٶȣպڳšԶɵԸ
ŵӣ˵ھ𺼵м䣬λԱȥ壬ֻҪһ·Щʱղܵ𺼡

ԶɲΪ⣺Һͳڳ´·УżҲؽؽڰĹԱݼֱ½𺼱ɡ
Щ⣺ûūǻԸģڴϣū½ϣ

Զб˳һۣӣû˵ģֻίسţ˵ӵķԸ
ӿ϶ǿͷҴ󣬲Ÿǵе۶¶ӷԸ

ޱ飬ʱֳĻƨ˾УֻӵķԸ

ڷգҲɺա

ڴ򿪵Ĵ͸ŰããһƬĽƯЩãȻ
ΪȴֲЩƿأֹǸ˼ģûˡ

Ψһ뵽ĿԣϱڴС˴ģҪȵ˽𺼣дѿð켸װ
˼ţѿ̽š

ӣڷѽϸͷءѿỵ̂ȰѴϡ
ʲô

үԸͷ˸·Ը컻ϣһ´
ҿѿϱȻϸһٲȻϱԼСʽǳɫԲԽڻǳ֦ơ

ûΪʲôҪ´ֻ˵΢ͷ˸ԭĺһڣ

һ磬ѿҴ·ǰЩĽЩСˣ´ǵð켸
ҿͭĬĬϱΪ÷ججҲôչԼʲô·϶εŸϧ

С˵·ǰĹңǱƽԲб󼸺Ҫ״ôƶǸС˵ģ
ӷģͷ磬ġѿ쿴Լǰһƽϵǳɫ磬˼ӵذοҡ

΢ЦЦû˵ϧѽøÿĿźá

ţϵĹ΢Щѿûֻһ˳ԯϡ
ҼڱĿ·ӣ϶ȴȴѿһһԡ

С밲ү
ԶɱĿӣд

䵭̬еί˿ǱŲһ㣬ʵӣΪҪϰҪȥ𣿡

ԶɱǼŵǳϹ۱㿴ǽСѾյǰ
㴩С˵ĴֲüԾµ÷ƻһ㣬ԶɨһԵǰעĿķ羰Ц˳ôţźү

ҲԼ̵ÿԼ弦סĸ첲òƵģүҪź𣿡
Զɶͨͨ˹ԼĴҹϣº͵ý˺£үϢʵ㣬

ңǼˡ




25.   25    ƣԣ

ֱ֮ǰ, Ҷû֨еģȴǲ⣬Ƶַʼ, Щ̫ԡ
Ǹܲ˺캣ص, ϱϲһԡֹסϷ, ȴ˿˿, ȴ

ԶɼҸסӵèƵģŵ˲Ц⡣
ϲӰԼҪңʳ֪ζıСĸԸȦס

ٽʱ, ͣɰͰͿڣүջˡ
ţȥɡԶƲ, ֻīɫֱ

øͬĴѿ͵͵ŴѿʣҪס𣿡
ѿϸĽһࣺӦǡ

ҷŲīŵ˿ջ, ŸСߴʴѿǸסһ䷿𣿡
ѿеΣ롭ȿ, ү

ѿҲû˵СҲü
ΪźӦõģѵԼŮ

ҸɰͰ͵ЦЦ, ڴϺõò, ʵڲٳͷ
ҲûΪѣսջ㹧סּ׺ŷ, ūźʹѿסӶ档

˿ϵصĴЦҪź𣿡
ޱҡͷүԸţЪϢ洦䶼ԣūŰ·

ҧҧЩ¶˵ͷһųȥѿҾС
ŴѿȥЩܿص˿ջ

ֻǸСسǣõĿջҲֻܳƵϸɾѡ
ּ׺ŷ˼͵Ŀ߽Էƹ磬ǻµĴ̡

ͳڣԷһȦɫٳٲˣȻЩۣҲûЪţֻдѿ̿ӣԼ߿ʼæ
ͷʱѾ˵ʱ֣տźŵˣҾ;ִٵվ

檡źŰɣ
ںбãԶɴɫЩֻ򴽵ͷԺ˲صҡ

գ۾ǰҲԸүһš
ڴʱСôѿĻԶɹ˹Ǿš

˰ţ˱ӿݺ˲裬ڰյǰүһ϶˰ɣźԡ
ԶɷеӣֽԼѹǰмӵС˹ʣҼǵãǰҡ

ҴӹԹӢ䣬֮ҲǵȻźˣȻ
ŶԶϸ۵ĺ󲱾ԣյЩүƣΪ㻹үƸࣿ

źʣΪүҪүĳ谮д𣿻Ҫҹң
ԶͻȻҧסĴ꣬΢˵ͬĻҲ˵ڶ顣

ʹ˼֣зӣ˵ĮΨû鶯Ȼࡣ
ҧ⣬ʣӲҪңȴҲҹңҪʲô

Զɱָ΢۽ǣֻʣĲүˣ
ҲԾӣʶץסҪҡͷȴͻȻ

ү˵ˡͷ
Զҵ֫һԣֻζһۣʹ粽뿪Է

ѿĴţɫÿֻѣˮ׼ˣҪԡ
ãȻصͷֱˮžϵƣƣﶼɬ

ػһΣԶ򸮣úûȥүѡ
ֻС·ӣܿаԼͼһ·

ȴôóĵطףûзŹԼĴ㣬ҲմӣҪʲô
ϴãϴˮ˲ҧķĵ׵棬ȻѾߵһûк˵أҪʲôҪ

ֻҪУֻҪͲˣԼϱӵļ䣬ܴⳡһʤ
ʰѣҳôѿźĨЯõ廨¶ŽдѿȥϢ

ȴѿ뿪ҷԼõӣ֮˴ϣѩ׵һǣһʢⰻȻ
һӽ˹ϸ̺Ψһıӣҧѵ˽ȥ

֪Եڿջ¥һڣЩζؿŶˣɫͬһ̳Ʒ
֪̫ı棬ʲô³ԶɿԶʡ

Զյ޶ԣʥ˲ɱ
һӺɱ𣿡ԶüʵöӿΪ֮

ԶҡͷȻޱ飺һȥ𺼵ԭѾҵ̬ˣΪߵ̽淢ֲˣ
ԶɲÿɷԶھһսʱ̫ã˶˽˴ˣߵ˱Զ֣һ㶼֡

ֻûǸΣ˲̽ͷξҪа㱻Щ
ԶΣ㲻νı֤ݽʥˡ

ԶͷԼࣺҼѵΨʥǴӣΥߣԲú
ʥҲͻʣԼ𣿡ԶɱЦһֱܺ棬ʥ˵ŵʲô

Զش⣬ֻһ飺˵Զһֱ֮⡣ǰҸС׷٣СʧĵطԶׯӡ

ԶɫЩ΢̫ı۴ﲢûз
ȴǵԶɲ㵭ҲԶһϣ

ֻδ鶼йأֻ¶ɽһǣҪϸãȷһô
ʥϸʱʲôʱ򣿡

¬ҵ̨ؾʱϱ֮ʱԶ
ԶûԶʲôõ̫ı֤ݣƾԶ˽⣬ֻҪԶ룬ΣС֤ݡ

Զ¶вأ봬ӺԸ̸֣ҲΪ˵ûиԵĴ㡣
̫ӵڣϾԶҲʥһʥϸҲò׼ûΪ̫¡

лǷһΡ
һΣԶ¶źͷһЦǳȴżƦ⣬˭˵һΣ

ԶüԶ͡
ͷֻа͹ˣСӣҪøȫЩЩǽɲֹ߷Ծȡ

Զ꣬ûȵԶɻش𣬴ӴһԾʧ˰ҹ

ԶϸϸƷƷԶĻһŵʵ»ҪμӽĴǣ
ͷ

ԶָԸԣ˻ˣ˿ҪֽţúԺ͹Ӽ˽ʵץ
Ӧūȥš

ȵȡȳתҪʱԶͻȻֿڣűĿ˼˺һ⣬ˣֻ»ɣֻҪΣܱ˴ʲôⶼùܣ̽ʼĩɡ

Ĭ糣Щ죬һ²ŸϽӦǡ
ԴҽīԺӾͰ˻סҵˣұΪӸǰ˰໤

һֱΪЩҵһڣóû̫ıࡣ
»ƾ˳Ȼŷѹ˹ء

ֲ˹ˣ벻ףӵΰš
ȳõĵطǣҪ뷨跨ڸԸˡ

ȵԶɻصּ׺ŷʱѾ˯ˡ
Զɶ˯÷С̲סһѣ񶼷ֲԼΪС⣬ЩΣΪЩζ⡣

ֻԶɺһ¶˭˭Сʧ

ߣûٿĮ˳һ̾ͽ죬ͻȻĶ
ŷһһʢİɫӣԶ˿ЦؿѸټ޵ֱһҧҲϣ˵С̳븹

˯ֻԼ·μСֻģĺڹϲԼιʱ򣬴չÿιǹҪϴһ顣
漴ʼЩԾôǹžȻĵطأŵùǺô̲ס̳

ұ׵Ĵ˯̲סӶ첲ƣԡٵƤСŶ
Զƺó˵ʲôɫĽ˶̲ס




26.   26    ѣ

һѹ, Ҿ͸о΢ҡΣŷԼ
ЩҪ, ȴ򱻹һ, ôˡ

ӣŤͷһ, ɳŴŴɤʵ, ôأ
ԶűѧдĲۣͷ̧ү

ɫǺ죬ֱڱڵԼһ, ֻжǶʱֱϿٸȥ
͵͵˵ԶԴһЩЩʱұȽæ, æӣүúó谮㡣

ߵÿҪ޳үɷдѿ
˫΢΢Ưӷ죬Զų˿ҹСƵ, 

ѿҵѽ, ٽҴӱȳźѣڰСɵĺ¯, Щ̲͵ĳš
Ȼյ, һθڶûУֻ仰˵

Զɼ״ü΢, ȴû˵
ֻʱͳҸطϢȥֻӻүԿ⡣

ȥֻܿӺһֻҰ
΢˽ãߴ˲࣬˳ʹѿֻ

ҲܸɵĺܣȳʱѾ˿ܣڱܷĵطһƬյɫĺ̺ӡ
ѿŰںÿõϷۣȥԸ

һԶԶæĻϾֿʼ̡
˵ʵԼ˶飬ƤӸǱϱӺ˵ģɼˣ׵˯ţӱҲЩͻҵޡ

ߣЩΪʲôҪԽԽ°ΪʲôҪأ
£ȥ̫̫̫Ĳ

ֵַҪźôأܹ鲻һֱ衣
үι㣿Զɲɫҵ˼Сϵɫ̫öвԾ˼Ц⡣

ҳĬŽӹеĿ⣬ʳ֪ζ
֪èԵĶࡣԶɼвһ⣬ƿڵҪźүÿɲС

Ըգ̧ͷ򣺡Ц𣿡
ԶֱߵذƬ۵һ⣬ιߣûüشڸңү𣿡

ұ⣬˵ղŵŭָĿ£⣬Ťͷ
ԶЦүһֱ֪ǸӴġ

űգҲ֪ģǵͳЦĪĶ̲ס

Ȼ½·Ƚ࣬Ǳˮ·ҪЩǵʱ˰£ûղµĴֻе̡
ǰȻؽ˽𺼳ǣͣһɵլǰͷլǰˮдָ

ɻˣγȥЩʱˡһԲҲԲӵߵǰЦ
Զֻ𺼿кδ·

˵ģЩѧڰˣԽٽǣǵԽŶæءܼźߡ
ҺʹѿС˵ûõܼҵۣ˰ִڳͷŽš

ƹڵļɽˮӹһ˲ûʵԺԶ˿ûԥؽ˴
ѵصضϲˮֶȥŴѿټΧſվ

վԱߣûκ֮أҲϰˣϱůҲûɶô
ֻϱӿûôһԲĹܼңвԾһ˿档

ү밲ֹܼҶ΢ûбĶԸĲٶȣ밲
Զһԣɣ׼ˣ

¬Ѿ˽ȥ¬ƾ⣬ѧӻ¸ҲѾõ֤ݡūŽЩƶѧӰŵ˸Ĵ£ֻ׹
Զɺ˿ڲ裺Ҽǵýÿ̧ͷҪٰ磬ǰѧԾţ

ͷ֪͵ˣÿǮ֪Ҫ¬뵱ܱļĺ¥硣¬һṩѧʫ¿ĺ¥ϲǽϣ¬ڽѧҲԽԽߡ

Զɴӣ¬Ϊͨµ֪ɮЩѧӣִˣǵñסȥ
Էϥϵֽһ˲ϱڽʲôʱѾʱ

˿ܻ䣬赭дͶ¼˵˵ʲôܡ
ԶɲɫɨһۣŲ⣺Ǯ֪ӣɻб˵ģ

Ӧǣָʦû˼үˣҶʶءȨļң֣ңңܼң¬ҶӣֻŴӹøʶʶ

˵ʶǿģʵǼҸ̽λָӵĵϸ޿ܣ֮һּҹϷ֡
Զ˼Ȥ̧ͷʱȻ¬ˣͲؼˣҸһӣ˵ĺ¥ɨԴҳ

ɻ󣺡᲻¬ң
¬Ҳڼ͵Զɵǵ͵ˣҲûʱָ

ͷӼȻ˵¬ҶȻûзأֻԸǡ
˵ЩԶɲŷԸȴȥϢ

ҰվĶţΪԼҪסƫԺɶȴֱֱߡ
ҪȥĶҴŴѿ֣̲סʵ

ĻӷԸסԺ
һ£ûߵ˼ֻΪԸźҪźˣ

һֱϣѿҵҸ׵źùţҲûȵ
˵Լʧôģһػصϰˡ

һյ˯ˡҸѿ˵
·Щ죬СﶼɢˣոʱƤӾֹסشܣʵûٵȡ

ѿҲûź£ֻڴǰСһյƺһ²裬Ű˳ȥ
ʵԴָô¶ͦҵģҲûüʲôܿͳ˯˹ȥ

˰ҹζûһ͵رѣѹ̲ס߳Լˡ
ӣҺغŬԼѣ

ûü˵࣬ͱסеĻȵ¶ȺЩ¡
ǺȶˣоԼŬʵ

Զɲشֻҧס⣬ͳ÷·߶㲻źү




27.   27    Сں콻ӣһ

ҹɫ, Ҳղ͸谵Һֻżȵľ·𻹰ǳɰغ㣬Ѿ͸Ժ
Ļ, ʶҡͷ, 漴ż, ź򱾾Ŀ, ûнɡ

ȻȶƽʱҪĸݣⱲӲŵһźֻҪЩͷ¶, ԽܣԽܵϧ
ΪһıΣҧԥ̧첲˿һס˽ľİغӰ

ҹɫסԶɵ, ˫ӥӶң-ȴȥ
ʵûкȶ, ܼҼּ֪Ҵ岻, صؽ˷¹Ѫ࣬ӵĺöȻ, ҲӲõ鲻ܲ

Զּ֪̽Ҵӵϸ, ްҲΪʾ֮⡣
˳żϺ˼ЦһСյҪǧӵƷ, ʹҹ಻סҳѡ

СѾŮˣʵûҪţҲ֪ԼжཀྵӲǲƵģűǽƤ׵СͻȻѹ
ǽԼҪֻüնҪҲҪͷļƻ

˿ͻȻ˯ȥԡ
үһδ檵Ϊʲôһγ뿪ɤѿʵ

ֱҪˣûꣿû꣡ҪҪʹвУ浱ôźأ
Զɶ˶ٽŲ䵭ʲôʱѧźүԻź򡣡

ۿͨ죬ʵǱﲻסһţݺݽԲķ´ȥĨ¡

ܹˣԸȥź̫
ڶƤѹŷ֣ȥûٻ

ɫŴѿǷĴɾһԣŰҹû˯ãգһСˡ
ѿСźϴʵӣūźŰɣүԸˣùţ˹硣

Ҵνԣ˽ɡ
ѿҵɫʲôǵūŵĲ֪飬΢м΢ôЩģ

ˣ£ǻҪȥźӣѹ
ѿҼȰתţ˸ױ

һŴѿƼⶡͳ۹۱Ǳǹģѡ񽫶ʱӵСĹźߡ
ҡҡͷ΢΢ϥŸɫͨĸ˽š

ûŤԺӣͷСҹһεΣǸӵ˱ңϲڵҡ

ɸ봫飬ӿٶȣЩ𺼡߳Ժ˿֮ʱԶɵųԸŤͷŶƻб䣬֪ͨ¬Ķӣ¬Ҽָ

Զһֱ˼⣬Ȼϱûν̫ı棬ȻǷʲô̫Ӷһ٣ֻô벻ԭί
ҹЩµ뷨ǲõ̫Ӵ֮λȹ̣Ҳ

ߣȸװú󣬶žֳֺڵԼҪʲô
ӵǰȥźءǸЦЦֻ˵仰ȥ

ûӲȥź˺ЩȥǰԺû񣬾ų˸
ŭδҲֻŤڴڣװͷľɫĿˡ

ſҾЩʵүүһʱϷȥľǣЩڽ𺼳Ĵ
ֹ̲һθ˵𺼵ķûüͷͷٯ֣ͻȻЩ̡

ĸȥ磬Сʱֻϧȥˡ

³˻ԶĶ䣬ߡ

üӣ⸱磬ǣҲ̫ʰɣ
ϱӾΪֳзĴԣ̫ѵһ٣ֳʲôȥ̫̫Ҫҷġ

ԶüֻҪӾúʣοҺ£
Ҿֱܾӽ˱

˳Ҳŷ֣ͣһС̯ǰͷȻܸɾǼªĺܣһҲֵפĵط
үˣүԵ㶫Զѿһź꣬ȥϺ

ΣǶˣȥ¥ţĶδغθڡ
ԶζɨһۣŲڣ˵

ұ򿴵ĪֱŵԲӱ˵ǰͻȻס
СʱҲ˾رʱûȥǰΨһܳģҩ󣬸һԲӡ

ϱΪղĳǣƵĶû³ƷгһԲӻֻǲȳȥǺ̤ܿ˹;
Щᣬ˵ķ궼ȥӡϲ𣿡

򲻶ɫҸղŵʧӣֻҨһ԰ӴյǰżҲ޷
Ҳڵ̵ǿ԰ӣϤζЦ˳ӿԳܺóԵġ

Զɹ˹شǰģţȷʵ𡣡
סͨ죬˼

̯ˣΧźūţС˴磬˵ĳ棡
Լ

ʵ֤ȷʵԼͷһǣͷ䵴ЩصСԣӣµ竹ӡ
ĺ»Χǲ΢Ŀ⣬գΣȵ˵ڶռʱľˡ

ʲôŹҽŵװ嶼ܲסˣظ·ϣʵ̲סʵ
ԶֻЦ֪ˡ

ָϲз̧ͷ֮ǰ㴫÷зָնҪӭΪּõǵĸɫʿֵĳ̶ȿ硣
ҵĸоʵϵĺ¥μʱŽɽ˺ʢҲ֪Լˡ

ֶˣ¬Ҽ¬ȥ㸸׽ãǰָæ֣ҼԶɣ¬Ҽ¬޽ǰ

¬޽ɫ䵭ԶɵҲûϸţֻҡҡеİȣԹ˹֣¬񡣡
¬޽߳ҵֹһֻּҸŻƲ¬鹡

Զɵ˵Цˡ
֣ΣæǰԲϾҪĺ¥ǰѧǿ׼ˣǶȥͷֶҲþδʢ˰ɣ

Զɴ֣ܼҴǰĴ¥صؽҴߣʹѿ˺һںͷ
λֹӵġ棿ܼҴӶ΢ʵ

λװĸȻͨȴлΪ
ĳסٽŰСͿڣüͷ⻭軭ҿԴӢ֮࣬Щͬӵȴǲ˻Ůӡ

ԶЦЦû˵ֻӳָָԶ
Χ΢۹ⶢЩȻң˳ȹǿȥԶԶһɫǾţΪĺ¥

վ㣬б濴ܿͷķѧǣҲָָ㡣
Ҵδ˶ˣСûμӹκʢ£ǻƽڣµҲûȥ

ԵΧ˴Ŀ⣬Ҿ۾ýζ

߻Щȸεĸ·װˣ·УЩС޶ԼҳϣﻹŸСʳվĺ¥Ҳ·ŵͷɫСʳűˡ

ĺ¥ǰʱͻȻͷĽͻȻͷһӣȡѶ̽ߺ¬й¶ǿ⣬ܹӵȡڣڣ˭ܻѧӹ

漴ĺ¥ΧȺҲͻȻӿֽѧӣǾǶִ̺磬ĺ¥Ĺ򣬶˻źĺ¥塪

ɱ¬ˣƾѧӹ
¬Ҵд¹ƨͨΪҵ»д¬Ҵӵ֣£

ǰƾ٣֣ҷ֧֣ŰףΪõȴ֮˵£ƾףڣ

Щѧɫ䣬ɸѧȴɫ࣬ҵ˺¥üͷۣЩƢѧӷߡ
¬޽ͻȻߺȳһɺԣҵȲ֮λӰƾٴ£ЩǷǮ֪Щȫ£

Щ뿪ѧӶŭˣǷҵȵ֣ͬô¶
԰԰һʼǸǽԺ𣿡

Ҳ֪˭ͻȻߺһ֪¬һ̰ٹ˵ö֮ɱǣ
ֳͻȻұѿǰֻܿܿѪأ԰ͷȥƼ˵ȻĮͷһƬ

ⶼŵģԭֻǼ¶תͷŽϱǣ޺ѵˣѪȻźѧǣǡ
Щʱݣû˵ּүּҴӶԺһβˣǸôĺˡ

ǸľżƵģѿߣ¬޽׺ݱ˻վ¥ǰͷߵūŷԸʲô
ͻȻūžתǰĵ͵Ծǰݺݲؿڡ

ӣҹ˲Լҵ˼ϽǰסԶɣѸӿѪӶˡ
·ŸշӦһūնͷ

¬ʲôŶһԵ֣ҼܼҴӶгǮ֪Ͻʵ
¬޽ŵԶɣ֪ҵģּּʬּҴ¬ҽһɣּ˭ӣ֮¡

Ǯ֪͸ڵˣ΢˱ұڻĵԶɣֽޱվڶǰ
ԶȼѪɫңͣ˼ױݱ

Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪ¬ѱȣɱҸףӲŻ˿¬Ϊ˴ɱңּҴ֮ܣù𣿡
ȥָݷùļҳɫˣǰǾͺΪּҴǰƹˤС˾ԭ

¬޽䣺Ҳ֪˵ʲôˣǶ£
ȵȣǮ֪ͻȻڣȻ¬ңȴǶһˣ¼λּҴӡɥҲҪ¬޽ټǰ˵Ĵԣɲء

ôǮҲҪҶԡʥϵ𣿡¬޽䶢Ǯ֪ʵ
Ǯ֪Ϊѵۺӣ˼һ²ǿЦֹڸΣǷǮĳԻʥ϶ᡣҪĻѧҵ飬Ǵ´ǡ

ζҪ֪ղѾ𺼲Զˡ
¬޽Ҳ֪Ǯ֪˵ʵ飬ѹŭǾǮ˽֮˶׽ù鰸źã

˵һūŵĻ·ȥֻǮ֪ҪӦЩѧҵ鷳¶һСľǴý㣬¬ҲøϽӦ֮ߣϢ֪˲С
ʹѿңһҲûеֿǮ֪ɱָ͡

Բӣȥ˴Ͻ˹ؽ˴ţǮ֪ɱء
ߣŵһֱͣҲ֪ԼỹܸʲôػһأҲŬ޳

ͷһʶԼΪһ뵽ʲôأõȻ˼Сƣ̫ܳ
ܵǣȻĺԼµȥ֣ȻĲˣѪһ˲䣬µĿ־ѹеĹǡ

Ĵ֣δѿȰ˵ɿ
޷Զɼ޵Ϻһһ԰үû뵽ôү

ҧס촽˵ֻôɾ
ԶΣҲ࣬᣺ģû¶

ȴ꣬Ƕ˳ȥԺҿ޵ʶۣǿȥˮ
Զɷסֲţŵˣ

ӡԺԼðˣʲô⣬ҲȥһҲŵͷ
Զ̧ͷ°ͣҲ˵Լ˵ĺ¥飬үǸ⣬ү

ӶһҡҡͷܷʲôֻҪүɱ޹ҾͲ
ԶͻȻЦͷСү֤үÿһ꣬Ӧá

ҧҧԴڵԶġ
أʲô⻰ϱûʳڣⱲٸԼʳڣע޽⡣

Զɿϵķ۾䵽ԼϣЩЦãֻʧѪ࣬ʵڲ˵ʲôֻԴ
ڽʱɫһֱ㲣ܺʱһ˳ܵӣùǺȴҲ֪ô͡

Ϊҵӣʱн¬ңûС֪Լʲô
ֻףʲô֪һֱʻ㡭ĵף޲ܽȥ

ү㡣˺þãҿ߶Щ˯ʱԶɲŵڣү˵Ȼȥźĸ׼֤ףԱү̫á
͵ѹĪϷ̣ҡûţһֱźӡҶ׼˵ġ

ŶǵȻظүԷ׼һ澵ӡԶ˹߳ҲԼÿүǰգС׳ʲôӣүʲôˮ޲ɣ

ƿԣ͵ϱԷ󾵣ܰ׳ʲô֪ܺ쵽ʲô̶ȡɲǼСڽӣÿˡ




28.   28    ˵ٰʽһ

Ƥӱ, ȥϴŴѿۻغԺ˳Ҳȥŷʳ

һݣԶȻʧѪ´ɫ, ɫǻ
׵ˣ

ڼɵ, µѧ, ūҲѰ˻, Ƶ㶫Ǳˮ·ؾ
Զ˸̹ЩбڴϣץԱߵӲϵķۣ¬޽ܹѺó˴̴˳¬ҡ

ʣԺأ
Զɽ˵ڵϣΪڸ׷ɱѧӣղݻָ, 

ˣЩǣŸˣʱ·Ҫӵġ
ҪҪ¬ұָŵﲢ, ¬ҶҪꡣ

ּҵŲС£ӿǸˣһ·糾ײ׵

ԶɫȻƾ׻ûв, ¬ǺָʹҲδ֪, Ǯ֪ӦúڽˣǰϷߡ

ͳЩͷԣ˵Ǯ֪ӵģ, Ҫ¶ڶ
Զɲ, ȻʱܿҪ˵Ĳ翴ȥأҲʧЩѪ, ֻﱧʲôС˯

û̫ı鷢ڵ𺼺Ҳܵ͵Ϯֻû˵óѶѣº󳣺˲ָйء
ֵξʾԴϢףԥּҼּҴӡ

ҹϴˮ裬μڽ𺼵飬γ˸ҵľ⣬ǰһϵҲˡ
õ¬ҡ֣Һּ̰׵֤ȥʱ¬֣˸ɸɾһѻȥۼû

ȻλǮ֪㡮ʸһЩ˵֤ݣƾһȫߵ¬֣ϡ
֪ףʥȴͻȻ˰Ӽּؾûܼȥ

صǣ֪ʵ˲һӾ߷һ±ǳأɱϰա
ƫƫ置Ҳףʥû׷¬ҵ¶ֻ¹Անݲ£ּöӺԶϸУԶؾУˡ

ɵǣԶǶʱھǣԶ檡
ԶɿûȥԶļΣû⻼ԶϸģȻҪ˲̽

Զۡ͵͵븮ȣԷɸ봫Ϣں󣬵֪Զǡһ֣һ¬Ͳˡ

ʱ磬캮ضҲֲοҷ·Щ飬Щؾǡ
ֻϣԶ˼ƿ֤ܱԶԼҪá

ӣŷ࣬һЩѪʳźſɺãҶʳţϴСϣۿͱͷ׵Ŀɰ˵ǰЩ

Զ֣һš
ֵΰ࣬θСȻЩԶʱ룬Сү͸ģֻ֪Ǹǻ

ҹߣ֪εζк࣬
㲻ǴϵҲûö٣Һ࣬ҲԶɻû˵ֻ꣬һǰɱСˡ

ҶţҲˣåƫƫû
һˣȥ̫̫ҪģҪٲúţҿû·ˣʲôС

һܾСûʲôθڣɫƽŶ˼ֲ̬İ𪣬΢ָô

ʲôԶ˳ֽߣϸģûźү֮ǰү¡
˵ٰʽѽҶ㿪͵Ϯ˸ֹ

Ҳ֪ΪΣ򱻴̺ﷴĪЩӴ˲ֹһ㡣
ԶЦЦܾԼС

˵ʲôأ㡣
˵ˣõ࣬źЪ£Ҳȥ˯ˡĵûֻ

Զȥ㱾͸øһ˯ȥĶ˾
Ӱ۷Ҳ֪˭ҹȥԡٲӰ

ˣҲ˳ߡ
ȴ˼ˣڽ𺼵ߣԶɲٶԴʡ

ҡͷأЩؾɡ
ǵ壬Ҫȥ·;ңԶȻصУӦҲСμʡԵʱˡ

Щȥк÷ѰЩլӣСһӶסЩʱգΣСƾ١

Сܹʡԣ½õѡıţô·

ԶҵĶ䣬Ц˳ôźү
ǰ˵ĻСżƣǻȤҵġ

ˣ˵˼仰ԶɾҺܿ˯ţԼڻԴһ£Ҳ˯˹ȥ

պҹûʵָһѻţһ˲֪ص˳Ķ
Ǯ֪һڳſӭӣһȥƤЦģϣɫĮ

ūųǮˣǮ˲ؿͻϮղֻҼҺүˣҪϢĳѾ֪ͨ˽𺼱࣬ͷϲܴˣ׽ˡ

Ǯ֪΢մӾ͸Ŷһ㶼ҵųЦߺүϮղⲻС£¹ٶȻϲ׷վ¹Ѿźã롣
ȽվǮ֪̽Դ˰죬ҲûƼֻ´¿˶ŰӰҡ

Ƚ𺼱ʴվ׹ݵĳͶ򣬳ƣڳš
Ǯ֪ϽСȥֵܣҪȥ

¬ҡ֣Һּһ¸عԱвݿƾ٣үūŴǰȥңôǮ֪Ҳһ𣿡ʡ
Ǯ֪һɫԾе㷢ף⡭¬Һֻ֣λᡭ¹پȻ֪ʵ¹ٵʧְ

ɫ䣺ʧְһȳҾ֪ˣǮá
Ǯ֪΢Ͻ⡭ָҹһѻ˸ɾȥ¬Һ֣ҡ

Ǯ֪ȳʹ˸ɫ۴·Ըûʾʲô飬ּոɾˣҲһӡ
ƣý𺼱ʿ·ǰңͲʴűһǰ¬ҡ

û´ɱˣսҲûи˷ӦĻᣬҪңһ׮׮һģֱǴһֲ
Ǯ֪Ӷ֪ۻ·Լҧ𺼽塣

ּѳɻҽ֣ûκη֮Ϳ޺ű˼࣬ȳװ֪Ȧ¬ʱ¬ѾȼܴƹƹҵĶδ
ԽΪϤȴһ·ĬĲʲȳԸͻȻߺ˽ȥֻ¬ұ֮Ҫɱڣ¬˶Ҫڣ

üŸ첲û˵ֻ򸮵˸ںͷ˽ʱԺļʬǰҴææվ
ɨһۣ¬ұʬ裬˾ʧˣȻûлڣһϡ

ܶŵ߹ɫ̫ÿ²ЩˣѾɱȥ׷ˡ¬ҼӰǱ°ߣ¬ѪѾɱɾո½ʿ˼ˣֻǻûüʣǾͷԾˣšЩ̫ԡ

ʣﲻԣ

ܶද˶촽ȴû˵ֻųǰƿѾж֮˵·Լ嵲ס˵ߺ¶µ°ڣ°ǲɫͷưƣĵطȻ¶һСͭƣͷд֡

üͭģǰѲּҺ֣ң˴ӹܣ
ܶ͵˷ԸҪϽ¬ڣ˳ǰ׼õ֤ݡ

ɵŵ֪¬ҼʧЩȣҲûⳣһūŵ⣬ҪϽȥ˵ͷִ˳ȥ

˽ϵ·Ȼһֱû̧ͷȴڸת˺üȦֱƼսǴ¶ɫ½ǣ˽·ѹ¬鷿󣬳¬
û죬Ǯ֪νġ֤ݡԶ˸

ְѾ¹Աʵ޼Ѱɸ֣ҵĽһнּҺ¬Ϊ֣ҲǱ¬ȴδܽӴ֮¡
Ǯ֪û˵ֻнү岻ʣͲǮˣ֤ݺүԻʸʥˡ

Ǯ֪۽ϸֻܼиڴϣȫҩζǰŸŮӣ·Ƕӿλ
˼ĹѸٻػǺүúϢְиˡ

ͷǮ֪ûϸŹֺãֻǵҺϴʱǮ֪һЩز
ƤԻͦȤŶʲôز

Сʱ̿𺼵ĲҶ˿룬Ǯ֪Ҳ֪Լܻ¸ɣҪͽ֮ػЩƷҶ˿
ѿЦųϸСϻӣҴ򿪺˿ͷȻ飬ǲɫ顣

˵ǽģղ֪һ㶼ţǮ֪Ҳ̫˰ɣȻûйʲôö̫УĲɫ飬һŶǧ󣬸˵һϻӡ
Զ΢ӣЩɲǽزŵǹ㶫һĳϴȥͨʱҲ͹ôһϻӣǮ֪ڻ¸ֻԼ˭ˡ

ԭ黹ɫģƯҾſ˶ķɫ鰮֣ȥ̫̫϶ˡ
ԶЦЦϲԼţĸײȱЩ

գգۣЦϥ檾лү͡

صǺֱӴ˽һصԷǲҪȥ밲Ǳ߾Ѿͷ롣
ôѿźţϽϴѣʹҴ̫Ǳȥ

÷վſӭӵĹСѣСЩػ
Ҳɫͷмֲ⣬һ¶Ÿջؾֱӽ˹̫֪˵顣

ֻ÷˼̫ǲˣӷɿתţȴҲûʲôֵ̫˵

ҽźƼ˺Ͷ˶һԺȲ裬󷿵ĵС԰ͶС԰ޱ̫߶Ȥ
ͣ»ͷ

ҸϽ밲檸̫밲ˣ˺λС㡣
̫΢΢ü˿ڲû˵

۶ϽǰҷѾĵܵɲܶ¹ˡĸ밲ʵܲס
ʶȤ¶ȻЦò̫ʵǼЩûˡ

԰ޱƲƲ죬͵͵šһѡ
Ȼȥɡ϶ϵͷЩǰɽ¶ˮϱԽͨ͸ҲԸ档

˰ֵظй˳ȥֺ̫ͺ÷ſڣֻһվ
һ·϶ɶź򣿡

Ұ˼ͷش𣺡үʱ˵ˣȷʵһֱź򡣡
Ŷô˵ҹҹЪɶķñֱ̫˵ʵ

Щ̣檡źү
ɫѿȥʲôˣϹźүǶ᣿

Ҳ첻ѣ̫˼үǶģ
ķˣӹ̧ͷʼůЩͻҲͶ

֪ӺʱͷзĴԣҲ¶ˣǰ̫⡣
ǻЩǽգ˵Щ겻ȢޣΪǶ֮񱣬˭֪ŰҲҪ˻졣

Ÿ˻ɣӲŮɫŮɣûӣĪǡڽӴУȻôѾʮжȢޡ

ѹң˵˵Ǻүû˵ʱ򡭡ûӣ

Լϵ˼Ī˼Ͷ˶ӵµʹԼһѣ˲ۿ檡׼źţ檶ѹˣɺүǲ檣Ǻүϲġ

Ȼϲʲôģīǰ㲻ֵģеģ
Ȼȥ¶ү˵ʶеۡ

򴽵ͷ֪ˡ
ӣϷʲôˣصԷ󣬴ѿɫ̽

ѿҽȴûԶԶֻʲôģۿͨ죬е㲻̫Ծ
ҿϣǹһĨЦֺܿҲû˵ʲôһ·ýЩˮݰɡ

Ԥû̫кҪˣ¿ɵþƤӸòУ軹ĸŷ
ˣҪЩۺţ顣˼شİ裬ԸѿУǷ

ѿԣȴҲûҶʣϥӦºȥ׼

ͬʱΪԶԶʸʥ˵֤ݣƸǶ
ʥϷԸһһƾ֮£֤֪¬̫֮µİϵ·ƶ

һƬȻ̫׼𾪺ͲŵıΩΩФˡ
ӵһ̬̫˵ʣ̫Ӹһ£Ҳ˷дı֮£죡

ʥβδװ˯Զӿ˰Σſ򣺡԰ɲ鵽ʲô
̫˶رţһش𲻺ãͻᱩ¶վ̫һ飬ûнֻʧȥʥģô˵

ԶɫȻ˦ӹڵڣʥϵĻڵǰ˴ɱ֤֤ʵ̫Ҫڡ֤֤Ա˾⣬Ϊ̫ȷı֮ģʥϡ

˶סˣ̫ˣӶԾѣ̲סŤͷȥ
æͼʥ˽ϵ̫ӣ˵꣬ɫȻֻɿ촹µȴ˲ʧ١




29.   29    ÷ӱǣ

԰, ֪Լԣ˶ҡָ֮ءʥɫк֤Ҫھ⣿

ԶɵȻʥˣὫ֮̽³Ҳ, ̫ʕNΪ, °Ʋֱܻ, Ⲣ, ¬ʱҲѵƺʹ˶רĽƽߣһɱ֮õǳǳûǴ, ˽ֻһ̫Ӽ֮걻ʥϴ£֮ʱû, ȴ˽¬׷ɱ֮ѧӣ¬ָʹѧ濼֤, ¬Ҽ, ָ̫ʹ׮׮֤ʵ̫Ӵ治, ȡʥ˶֮

̫ûӵɳ, ﵽʲô
˲̹ߺʥ˼֤ݽԿ, ̫ȻΪ֮ʵûбҪд˴治֮£ݺ̫ӣ

ȴЩ΢˽֪Щʥضӣܳ裬̫΢ǰͼı֧֣ǲܡ

ɶһȴûʱ侮ʯüֻסԼϿƾٵ£ûݺǶ̫ӵָعأڻ̫

ѾûϵУԴԴϱڹۡ

ʥ˼̫ĬڵϣЩӣ̫ӿл˵
ſڣûίмѹı֮ģҲݶΪٹ֤֤̽

ʥ˲ÿɷ񣺡ᰮ䣬ռ֤ݳȥ֤֤
ո˵ʱ򣬱һۻ軨ӻ˯ļ׾;ˣ˵ʥҪȥȡ֤üͷһֱûɿ

ԶƳԺ̩ΡΡǰżɵĴһǰ̽顣
ֺǸϸģѳ⿴˼۱̲סü£Ƶǿкβף⡭

̩ͻȻڴֺеĻʥˣϳ̫ıһ£̫ΪǬ¶Тһţ޿֮٣ʥ죬̫һס

ʥɫ̫ÿȻȿ֤֤˵
̩ΡΡ£ϳ¾̫Ϊ֤ݣֻҲݺڳһ£ϳ˽ʥ

ٹһʱеĻ棬ֻʥ˳Ĭ˺һ˵˳̫ıһ¾ôûġ
ȳʱ̫ͬڵԱЩͷԡ

ֻ̫󳼣ԼĹϵɣҲûܳɡ

ǶӴյǰԴĵЦ⣺ү˴˲ٿ࣬үϴ
ĳϵ˻δȬҪӺˡԶȻɫʲô仯Ҳ˸о

һʱò׼̬ˣ˭˶֪̫̫棬Ҳ˻վ̫һġ
ָ̫ܵӣôصָأΪ̫ӰµĿԲ͸뽫ˡ

Ͼн˿ƾ׵Ȼ֤ǸˣվԼߣ뽫ùԱģʲô¶

û֣˱飺ǰ˵ͷ˶ԺүЩʵԣֻҪ˼үбǰүһ㡭Ժүάĸ˼ʺүн֮õĴ㣬ظǲᷴԵġ

ԶüһֱôãȢһҲд㣬ƴԸ
ֻµĳҪӺˣĳ˴ᣬ¡ĳҲǡ

ʧЦȴò׼˴ᵽ˵ãǽɵǸҡ
Ҳʲô£̸䣬ͷ

ظ󣬻³Լϴųȥøĸ밲
ʲôȥ·ϣԶʵ

Щƣڽ𺼵飬ʹֶΣûܴӳǸľͷʳһ¶
ѿƹǫʵƵĻ֣һʵڻûУ׼ﵽʲôλá

Ҫ֪ɾӿǸսأīԺŮʱˣ֪ܵôԴЩźүŮˡ
ʣԴ˼̽ū˴ȥ˾һֱڹǲ֪ʲôţһūȥԷʣ

Զб˳һۣû˵
ϽӣȴƮˣĶĹ̽ү˼ء

һۣóô΢ֱ
ãָ̫ĦͷۿϣɫЩ԰ס

ĸ岻Զɹ˲úѣϽǰʵ
ӵʶֿʼһһĵķңҲû˺

ֻҪ㲻ңҵǻܶꡣ

ԶɺӣǶˣӸʲôˣŸջǣ
˵Ϊʲôɣôͷۡ

ɩķӣӻڣú˴ŹСȥ̤࣬㻤ɩȥ

ⲻ࿴˼

ԶüѾ˵ˣҲż

㲻ҼҲûɻˣҪǲңҵģǿӲУ׵ĺ˼ҹ檣Ѿ̧īԺ´̶ôһأֻһźҲί㡣

ԶԽԽòԣͷ˵ʲôˣ֪
ԶɴӲͷδԣȢޣֻΪԸȢһþƲϲ

˵ӴҲûôӣиСž͹ˣ˵׼»̫ڹؼʱ̳ı
Ҳ֪͵˰ӣۿ죬˵ҿźˣ

ԶؼĲ֣˼֣Ҹ˵ʲôˣ
СŰ֣ɡҲͿŰˣеĶһֻһʼһ֪ô

ٸҴ棬֮ҲɣҲɣѵüһΣϾѡһź㣬ɱɷֹȥš
ԶɿЦãȷСǺ˵˵ˣֻʲô

Ҳĸףһ·ҵľ˾̵ùãҲʱС֪֪ˣʡԼ

ĸ׷ģȻӻˣȻģҽźһ÷ӱǡ

ʶؿڣ˸ۣԼĶһ֪СʲôʱԼܹˣƶɣƼͷۡ

Զûӣĸ׸̫һ˿ܺʱǸŵˡ
׽ЩĲ֪Ǽôǰ佫֮ŮƢĺݾҲܵģɲ봥ĸ׵ùͷ

үںŷأ˵ҪѪʳīԺûã͸Ͻ鷿

Զɷûüţͷ̧عԶЩˮȥһԺʹҪЩֹѪ׵ĸӣ֪øʲô




30.   30    ģ

̲סզ, žͲҪ˵˼ѽ
ȥ֮ǰ˵ˣīԺģ̫, ͻȻͽ, ⲻҾܾ, ɾӡ

˼, ˼ţ²ǱˣҪ̫̫и֤ԼУ
͸ղ⼸ԸҲ²ĸҪռͷҲû, ϽȥӷԸĲ¡

ŷԳȥ˵ɨһۣЩ
, С֡ѿۼֿϽӹ߹ޣҪȥЪţģС忴, ⶨ˵ġ

Ҳȥ, ոֻ¶ţӼź̫࣬ûԭ̫Ǹôеˡ
Ǹϴĳ, ʱ

ûûʱ, ־͹Ůӣ־ȫׯɰҲռ˸, ֮ˡ
ûģֻΪ̫⶯ϵѸ٣׼˵ģЩɻҲеֲ

صīԺҾ͵Ͼȥõ¶סⶼŵĵˣҲûǰͷһ㶯
ղų˵˻Իζһ۾ͿʼˮЩ׼ǡҪ磿Ҳû֪ͨź

ѲҪɾе㲻ˣҲǳԴףֻæãбժӵıơ
īԺǻˣҲøʱѽ

˵ʲô̫ˣίһ˵̫ûźãΣЩ
ٰ̫˽īԺǰͷίף˵ʲô˵ģ˽ҪȻˣҪӾ˳Щ

ӾͽˣǸ˶ܿó̫˵ʲô˵Ǹġ

ú⣬ҧҧôѿˣǰԺȥ
ҶӦҲ̫࣬ûԹ⻹û𣿲Ķĳ裬ֻϧϸҵúһʱ

˼ţҺܿ쵽ǰԺҲûȥ˿
檸ү밲ţûҿ˳سͷİӰͬеƶ䡣

ԶȻڹֻһĨЦ⣬ȴر䣺û˸߹㣬ûҵķԸǰԺ𣿡
Ʋ죬ǲͷˡ

ӹѿеʳУ⽿ؿ˻δȬæţصظ⣬ֻ˵㻱ۣûзǣ
Զ䵭ɣȻȥ

𣿡ҲƯӣ˼ίһֱźء
дͷţ֮ŷãԶɽнݸߵǰζûŰɣ

ҴǹɵЦСѹڴߣܽ涼ࣺһء
ҲãŰɡԶЦŴѿԸ˹ϣźүͻȥϢүҪ½īԺ

Ҷ˵ĵֶ˶٣ҧյߣүˣ
žͼˡԶһ⣬С

ԺλСĸ޹תż˵ϣһСɤ壺ˣǶû檺ÿ
ú˵Զ˳ֹסǰϸмΪڣԽԽ̲סЦ⣬òÿ˵ƻһֻҪǻźɡ

ҾԼӿ϶ǳˣѿڵҲźѽ
仰˵꣬˶һ˲ϱص̲סͷƤЩϤط飬ЩӲ漴ָʱָϽԼӡ

ҡźүһЩҲǺүŵ

ԶߣǱܺ棬īԺôͻȻɲǵԼ뷨

һԴû취Լʹҧҧ⣬̫Ϊûźô˵檡·ˣǲϡҲ֪Ϊ˵̫꣬ɫôѿ檲֪̫ñźǲĲãߡ

Ȼ֪СװģίԶɻ̲סʶ󣬵ԶɲüױӰɲǺ¶
Ҫ˵ͷţӣûˡ

ţԷɡԶɵŻͰ͵ңĪ²˺ѵ⡣
ɺôҲӣԶɸ첲ʲôӣ緿Ҫӣû˵͸¶ʵţ졭

ͻȻס죬ʹѿʶȤ˳ȥÿȹعҪӣΪξͲ檵ģ
Զ˲İӿȻǹⶺңϣԼȦ꣬û뵽ĪС̶ֳȣû뵽ԼȻ֮

ȷҪźү˿һһʵ
Žʾ֭ʲôӵû֣˵ÿﶼŻ

ֻǽߵصͷ͡
û˵ͱǵģǱţǱš

Щɵۣ˲ñѵ÷۵Ķӣǻû
ͷԱɷڴϣҲŷ֣ӳ£˫ӿףʵֻôֱյĸо

µͷҿɳܵеˣүûáûء
Զ˹ϵӸֵͳⲻ׼𣿡

ҲʲôĻƻŮˣճ׺ƻӣ糺۵ӵûС
ܿͲɵϣۿǣѾƻɫӵơ

үȡӰѹ֮ǰʶһԹȴסӵèһ㣬˿ûеֿû˵ͱס˴ࡣ
漴ͷǼ⣬䶼ȵĺСҪ˵ֻһ˿þ˳̵ľҲҪ

СĶҪߵÿ޳
Զɫ̫ÿҲرСֻѹʣҪڣ

ӣʲôʱ򷴻ڹÿطڵĲ
ãȻҡͷԶ̹Щͷ

СҼͷӲ޳ӡҪ
Զ֪ڳʲô˵ЦСһ٣ûٸ˵Ļᡣ

޵ĻᣬƷζͬʱԶɲĹ䣬ԵҧҧҵĴ
һο϶Щۣ޺ġ

û̫˼ͱקȵҲ޷ˡ
ԽԤȣ۾޵úףҲǲͣǹҪһﴦǴ̼ɤܿƵú

ɸίˣԼͿҪˣ˾ȻģϱӻҪݡ




31.   31    ڿ˵ġ

ͣЪ, ź״ʹӣµöסĲֻһţèƵڶԷ, һͣ΢΢

ԶȻûԹ, ܽõС̳븹, õĺܡ
˵Ҳûͣ¿޺, Զɲòϣйĳɷ֣Сɤջᣬƶ֪Լ׺Щʲô, Ƕĳг׵ĳ嶯

ֻҲ֪ͷź򣬲ҸƵԶֻʪĶͷ, ѵ˵᣺𣿡
ҾԼҡͷѾֻգ۾

϶, ˵ʵĿǰԵĸо, طһƵۡ
ôѿŶ˹Զͷ

űסĸ첲ȥ˰ɣ
ź˵ʵƤӦҲûС

Ƣθ, , ϴ㲻ԸţұȥԶɲ, ҲЩˡ
ӹùŵڣ϶죬Ҳ˿ġ

Ϸ̣ЪһЪһź
ԶʧЦ첲ȶźԡǶ̫ǰɣ

ɡ
ʵ㣬Ҳź򡣡Զա

ұĲЩã
ʵ⵵¶һֱ£ϱµҪһ۵÷·Ҫȥÿһţƫƫ˵ֻÿһض

ΪһӣͷźҪԴͷȵǣ˱ϱӻҪᣬȻͷЩǰЩԼδо֣·ʲôأֻ˹޷Կصس״һ

Ҳ֪ӺʱѾٽŵӲˣʧصĸоˡʱ͸Щ
ȷʵǵԼЩʲôʵΪ˿Ŀʵ̫ĥˣȫûоǵãԼ顣

ĥϱֲһû£ĥһ̶ʱӶǴδйһƬհףãҲ
̲סϽӣȥЩϸڡ

ЪϢֻһֱɿϢһһ¡
ϵ޻ƵȶҪ´

ԶΪҪһ¹򣬵קסѹǰõ˼ֲ죺Ҫʲô
ҧŴ˼˵ֻȥȷſҡ檣ź

ҪǸ£үˡҾͰӳȥԶҧסĴΣռˡ
յҪûǸֻشС죺ûأʲôֽѽšûʰҡһ¿ɺã

ԶԺﵽԳղѾ˵²ˣҡѾһʲô
ԼĶͷЩ࣬Ҵᱧȥͷϴ

ү檡
죡Ҫ˵ұ֤ûֽģʧھڡ

ŶһֱͷŵĳŸѿʹ˸ɫȥţԼūŽȥʰϵǽ塣
´ڲǰϵ糺֮ɫʲȥǳĵ۾ͱͷûһʼôҡ

ղھڣֻüһˮ«ͷֱѿȥ£ûԼһ¶ȫáˣԷźʱԼûôߡ

ЩʡҹšԶɼԴ
ûӵ¶أҲֻǾȵ࣬첲ȥˣʵеսı

ţʶ񣺡ǺүûзԸ檾ȸ桭
ȥĶԶɴĻʵ

΢Դ˳ֵȥ
鷳ˡԶζЦЦ뱧Է

Щ죬Щ˵ڴ˳ţգŻ׵۾
ٺȾˣں˷ѡԶɼһɰӣ̲סǼ⡣

ԣ˲ȥΪղŵź򣬲أڻʲôѽ
Զɼëգգʹӣ˶ЩģͷĪЩ΢漴̲סü

ƣΪôСԼߺܲټ֮˼·ҲѾͷı㡣
ӣ񲢲λӣҪӣȢ֮ǰ

Զ̲ס΢䣬ҵ°̧ͷ㲻ȱ㲻룬Ըү˵
ͿԿǸôһСԼˡ

ҹԹ˳̧ͷĿӣмֽߣ檲ңں˽ǰñ檵ı֣Ըġֻºүţ˻ûȬء
Զɲÿɷʵ𣿡

ѵѳֵīԺѽסϽ߸檣Ӧ檣ȥɾӿɺãԸź
֡ԶɶһɫԽԽ죬̲ס£µ˲䣬Ҳ֮˳

ûü˵ֱס˴ֻ࣬Լʧ֮ǰ˫ۣסֻſԼĽǳ
֪ǸĺݵģԿ϶Ǹղ˳󲻺ȱŤͷ˾ܽԷԺ

£ǣδʱջڿ˵ģʯҲҪƴȫԼĺۼ

Ŵ΢΢ҹɫŨͬʱھׯϣҲڿģϵж۶
ǰŵūһĺ̾ǰʰɾ

ӣ֣ҵūѾȥɱ¬ҳ¬޽ȫڣǱҵ̽ӣֻûʳʲôˡбϣĿ

޳ɫ£ֳַĿȴŵаЩѵƽ
ȲعǱߣ檽ˣʵ

ǣūѾεŮӣһѾһ³ūŶ֪Ǹֻһ³иϾҪš
һȺȥӣͨ¼͹нô¶ã𺼱Ҳˡ˵Ǹմ̨ɽԶ

ƺһУֻǲ֪Ϊʥ˾Ȼôͷ˶ߣһֲ
㱾Ҳ£ıֲһˣֻСı£ΪֻǸеͷԵû뵽б»׼õ֤ݡ

زͼֽڻûȷǷ򸮣Զ΢΢ӣЩ䣬Ҳ
˳඼ЩƫŨޣһۣǱѵ̾࣬Ҳ˷֮ɫȻ˵䣬΢̣ôƿʵӡ

ȴһ㶼СӣֻЩӵĻ򸮴ϢѾͽīԺˣձϢ




32.   32    ӳ𣿣

紺ʱ, ЩͣʱǳİźֵūһŶ̲סӣŻ谵, ¡
ſڵֵСֱ, ɻûüֵ, ͷСѾͷпš

˭ѽһϵСִ, ԼЩŽʵ
СѾͷܿ촫÷ֹү

СһǷһ͸Ͻǰţͷӭֽš
ʵīԺʱ࣬ôڸͷ֣Ҳ֪Ͻ, ŹûūŲ

ֶŽŲǳԺȥ·ūŶˣһĶûС
, ЦӭȥһôͶֹˣūŵĲǣôֵһˣʲôҪ, ūŸ̫͹ȥˡ

ݹѵ, Ҳ˵ֻϥԼʵ̫Ըҹƺү, үɽźˣ
Цŵͷźүžûغͷ, Ӻүûأūźڱůůͣ

е죬Ȼô, Ҳ֪ӲźŮ˹ҹҡǸ̫˵Щһ
˸ϵӣӿɫֻˣһź̫СѾͷűǡ

˵¸ͷСѾͷûóͣԸƤá

ڣ̫պ裬ֽֽźĶȥ

ô

ϥ̫ߵϣ˵ǽźġ
ңüҸǰˣкκôأ

ʧЦǼʮͣûôؽ֪ڸϵĴ񾭡
˾ûϧģɸֻǿ䣬ǲ̫˸ģѾͷ֪ôүǶϧ

ԶСʱҲ̲סЦ˳
˭ӳƯЩڵʱ̫ϵЩ̫ûһϡԶɵġ

ܵĵԶɳ̫֬ʢϲĳ࿪ЦĵԶɿ˺öء
Դȥ֮ںԺҪԸѾɵӣͷƵݣůԶԽԽ䡣

ֻǵõԶСʱǸķǵģϲĶǲϺúöԴҪмһ˵ӣʵûʱϡأֻǲصøˡ
˵ɶ᲻ʧ˷ִ磿ʣҵǲıģܹ鸮мûʲôɾޣ޿ɻûء

ֵûôģͱ̫࣬ҪɸҳҲźô

ˣٿīԺǻ½ȥҲִ֪磬ôôǡ˶³¶ҶˣףǧŪȻͷ͸˵ˡ

ֵͷӦ£ūǾòؿôɸС˳Ҳ뺫˺С븮߶һʱźžǡ
ϵͷҲǣûôǰֺĸʵˡ

һǵɶʱ򲻿ȥ֪ȤҾ̫֪Ȥ̾˿
Ц⻹򵥣ūСѾͷīԺΪɸţڽ´κͷ治ǻûȡ𣿡

Ͽŷ֣ϬЦˡ

ȻԴ𣬾͵һʥ˲Ը⵱ˣһλϳиãλߣЩ
ԶɵĲ£Ҳܹ飬ոջظΪ֣ԵȥѹĹ񣬰ֲС

Ͽ˯СԶ£⻹ͷһŮԺޣָоĻҪ̹̹ˡ

΢ŵСһ£ͷСѵĶԶ
ʱ⿴˷ڿͷĶǶԶü

ˣ
ͷֻһͻȥˣ¸СѾͷ˵̫¶Ҫ

ţøϻӹԶһϴһ߷Ը

ѹʱ򣬰ߴѾ͸ˣֻԱɾһɨȥѿǡһѾ
ˣүѣūźԷţѿ߽һ糿ѹĶһ

ҿɽһӳȥ̲סЦȻϲαҪأīԺĻƲǻ߷𣿡
ѿѣīԺⲻ½ѾߣȻҲźġͷүԸūΪŮȻЩƻҪġ

ΪѾߣвأ
ɾǼûϸͷԸԽͨѾԽãͬΪѾ߸һб̽ӣϻǺõġ

ڵĶ˶٣ҹͷԶֻҪһأԡʱ򻹡ú˽ǣɵ仹ЩƣҲֻЩ΢ʡ
Ҳ֪ģѿ˵ܾòʵĵط˵㣬־˵׼Ķ

𣿡ѹ˼ʵ
ѿͷźţЩЦֻرСش𣺡˵ͺүû˸СѾͷ˸ϻӳȥū͵͵ۣͷĶǶ

ҲûӴżˤȥǶǶܱȥԵɣСʱʱ죬ɷǺÿ
ĬĬͷԷ·ϣһѰ˼˵׼еô

ǸսԺŶɾ½ϺϾӭ˳
źŻϽЦſڣŶׯ󷽵Ц˵ʱ崺֮С

˵Ǵͨ˼ѡ檣Ҳ򸮶ԡ
Ҳǹٻ˼ңҲǴС̣ܽͶ㶼żŲ檣Щ󸾷緶

һԵϣ΢е֣СԲԲģɰĺܣҲһҪ壬ֻ˵Ļô
αʣ-飬ҹźүź˲ʱ򡣡

ԣźүǵı֡Цҡҡͷ
ҲңǺȰ˵ö໰˵үˣδȬҪź򣬻Ҫ˼ɺүӲǡ

Ц⻰˵ţǲŶҵˣ㲻檣òˡ׽ġ
λĶ˵ү˵ģūô֪īԺūŸ죿ѿֹסü⻰һūŶ

ΪŮûôʶլļңǰǲ̫Щ
ôǺͷˣûõүأƣӳ

ҵûԴ򿴼˾ڷ㶣л죬Ƕţ١
˵ʵ˵ѣȷʵȥԷţʱôӦ˵ݻȲ϶ˣҲû

⻰ﻰļкլŮģһ̲ס죬Щ衣
ʶϣ˵ϱʶϣʱүԶֵֻͲˡ

ôң
ȻԴػһأΪ㿪ƲɻǰмѭĪүҾЩԾ

ϼҲ˵̲סŴѿǳ⣺󵨣һѾߣҲҶԸ˵⵹īԺĹˣ
üסѿֻ֣ЦЦźү֣̫Ըλû¶ȻȥϢˣźүȷʵЩۡ

˵꣬Ҳȶ˻ػҾͲŴѿԷòš
ϣԶȥӰԾü




33.   33    ҹһ

̫, еıûӰӣůԷ᷿ϣ򿪴, ͷŵӭ
, ˿ɾͲúˡѿӷ, ΪΪ, СǰȰ

һعֻǳ˼ھͷףһүߵʱ˵ʲôʱ𣿡
үôܸū澵˵ѿЦˣ, үһʱһظү𣿡

ҵûɶŵĹȥȻҲǻ¶׼Щÿ˻ĵİɣү˵һ, ¶Ҫү˵
ѿͷӦ£ҵϲˮȥ˺ŷͷʱ, ɫȴǲôÿ

, ںŷأ˵ҪźүţҲþܾ, ֧ʹת, ԡ
ûʳֶֻãҲûֻĵҲҪ¶

Ǳû
ѿҡͷԴɾ, һֱûŶ

ȻźŷȴҲīԺͷţīԺŹ
ѿʹˣһ˼źҲ߷ҪЩߣȻҪʹ

ԽˣͲ֪ô˵ϵ¶ܺãϱڳܰ԰һҹ䱩Уү򸾺ǰһӣôƶġ
ֶû֤˵ʲôǹݡ

ѿҲ˵ΪΪɾλģԶǰһ

ʵҪū˵ǲһү֪֪ף£ǲͬôǣûкүķԸɾλ϶ȥǰͷҲԸүѽү϶ˡ

˵ѿһĻͻȻСһ䣺ȻÿЩĶǶҲУү϶ϲ
ɫԺ죬ȥѿҿʲô˵ˣСĽ˺졣

ѿЦҲ㣬㾢Ҳ͵ˡ
ƣ϶ū澼ƽϵġ˵Ŵѿ˾ͷ

ҲǸ껪СЩ򽻵լò׿լͦ˼ġ
ȻгԷСû¶үЩЩɰҲУЩүţ˵׼ʱʱ

Ŵѿ߶ҿЦãҪ裬ȻԺŮֶΰٳȢ޺ҪǴ˵ģͬΪ˶ѡ
ɼȻǵãͲܲΪ򸮿ǣǲԸ⸮ﱻƣ˶ජЩϡ

Щû취ѿ˵ҲѰ˼»иҪ¶

ܳīԺ𣿡ʵźү費Ҫȥø̫밲
ѿ˻˵ź꣬Ҫ󸾾裬͸̫裬̫ǲЩ¶

ҳܲܰҸõĺ÷ӸŶЩҪ鷳Ƚϼ
ǻؾѾѮʡԶڻں۳Ų±ҪˣøϽú÷ѰԺӡ

ѿصûԥд˽ū澾ǣ߷Ѿͷūӹȥ
ȡֽʸ÷дŵĹ򣬵ԶѾӹųȡ˽

ǵԶɴδ̤ĵطűŵ֬ԵüζǸϲĹϹ㡣
ۼùٶЦǰӭˮдСƹҲˣдĽ͵ＸҲСŸϽӭǰ

үǸ̫ȡƵͷɣƹЦųͷãͷСͽȡү鿴
ԶɽŲˣóˡ

䣬ˮͷʹöЦ漴һŮƿˮ˳
үǿȽϺãϾƵͷ棬Ҫȷûʲô覴ãǳ⣬̫ģҲβǣŮ񣬻ԵЦ⡣

ԶԿȥΪڣ˵֮ǳɫñƿǸžףԴ֮Ůӡ
Է̬ȻһҲŤ

̧ͷĿתͷñɴסĽݣҸǺ٣ү
ض񡣡Է񣬵ԶɰڶԷŵڣòػֻЩΡ

֪̫޹ȡϻʹɩǳȥ̤࣬аС棬ȻԷҲϵ˼ȻԱš
С˵࣬¥ͻȻһݺЦ˶֮΢

˵ҽ𽵹ɴûһ¥ͣפԭ֮ⲻھѽ
Զû˱飬ǸϽͷ͵͵졣

˵ﻰֻǼƹ°ڳӻһʱۣüЦˣǲ顣䲻Ƚӻ
Ѿ˭ղٻŵĻ˵Ҫˣ֮ͥᣬͲҪˡ

ٻŷŮô¥Դ˸żѡ
ⲻûˣ˵Ц䣬ѽҲǰˡƽ岮ĵŮٻЦ˵꣬ŤͷȾϼ׽ү˵𣿡

תýζ
ǼҺү䵭߶ҪŮźĶ࣬һֱΪҹֱҹĻǲ

ֻϧԶɲֱ׷ĸоٻʣҲֻͷһԸƵƹж˼ѹȡ
Ļ

ƹԸϽ˵ϸϻӣү뿴ǡ
˵꣬ԶޱùϻӣŤߡ

ͷ׼ż﹥λ˶£ǳû
Ҳ˵ٻգԶɻص򸮣ֻϻӸ˳̫͹ȥ

̫̫໰ԶЩͷطԸ
ô򽻵ǳ¶ôӦ̫Ӧ֣Ӧ£Сˡ

ԶɻصīԺ鷿ʶ˾䣺أ
üȳھ˵ˡ

ΪͻȻҲ죬ֻӣԴԸǱ߻ˣڿҪ

ԶüԹ
ȳԴ鷿ĹϺźѾŷæһʳǰԺ

סīԺأûкүԸŮ첻ǰԺ
ЦݹҲס첻ʵīԺҲû˵ѽĪںүǰ˵ʲô㶼ү𣿡

˵ˣعأ˺үūûΪ
ɫײѣֲԸôߵվǰ

ʱҲŴѿţ˽ֵĳŲ΢٣Ĳʱ
˭֪ղӵʻֻ˼һ˲ÿ·ղźүүæȽȥȣ

ñӶҪˣֹסղô˵ģûԸǰԺūô۸ң




34.   34    ֬㣨

ϲĵĹ, ѿɸˣקҵխ伷üŪۣǰɣǾǲͬ
첲Ͽμ, ֻ鷿̧̧°, ѿʵˡ

ԶԴ, ΢ͷĳ, ɫس
ȻŮ˾鷳¶ʵڲʲôԵˣټϸղ˵¶ͷݣԶվ

ȳԴҴش鷿, ĵϼ˲ۿ
үūˡ

үԽԽȥˡԶɿҲϣĻ, ֻųүķԸǶԷ粻ɣԼȥ췣
ұ粵ϽӦǣ

ϽеԶɵŵɫ, ҲûװĴ, ƼһԵü˳۵ңתת˵

ү, ūʵ̫ȥͷ, ȴү;׼Ŷܣʲô˵Ǻεֻūǽ˸, үϳͣȻҪ۸ˡڵϿ޵滨꣬ͷĽǶȶոպá

ֻڳԴŵʱ΢΢һ˲͸ѿǰѸٴһԣϰָʹҲȫԼˡ

ֱܷóԶɶ鲻ãʱ˵ǽһˣˡ
ǱĹأһصѾ˻ʣ飿ԶɻǶ˵ȴңƼСԴ̧Ҳ̧ŭʢ

˵꣬ϱҭô˸ãҲţԺӲʲôĳĶܽĵطòͷ˱ͳȫ㣬
ɫ԰ףӻУȴߵصףֻ׺ռϷ磬Ҳٶ໰ǱشŮҴҳԺ

ѿһۣϬŲŲ
Զɵ·ҵôѿקסҡ

һۣʱôǵԼ˭Ѿˣ

źһֱͷԺͳԴ뿪Ӷ˶͸¶Źӹ˳Ϣ
Զֶյʣưˣ

檲֪үæⲻǿ쵽ʱˣ檲źүŵġҸæѹɤػһ㶼͸⣬ϲŭղλٷ
ԶɾӸΪûбķԸ˭ǰԺģ

ҷɿ̧ͷίؿһۣʵﵹûٺ£ү˵檵š
ǲǻûҵʣԶɲȥ˵ȸԷʵŵΪ䵭˻⡣

һĶôĻ
ҧŴСȥ֣Ǹ檡

û˵꣬ż˲īԺҲڵԶɵ֬㣬һʱԼҪ˵ʲô
ղϿûսأǾͷˣЩ꣬լ黹û䶨ôͷб

ټϿԴľȣҲܼˣϲֶ޴ӰյС

ΣԶ°ʹɫ˵˵һʲôëɻǵԼı֣
½Ѱ˼˻ߵĻͱˣү˵ǣ檵Ĳǣ檸ˡ

˵ߣһըʵڲ봥ùͷ侲˵ҲãҲҪúһ
ԥߣԶĪŭסˣûСأƢˣ

һ콫˽ڻ䵭Щ𣿡
ҵͷ֪ԼˣԷ˼ûүԸš

Զ룬ҲǸӣ˼ԼݵǺ¶ô룬ȴȫûֵ˼
˵˵Ķˡ

ү˵ҴĶҾʹĶ˻ɣ˵꣬شֻƲ˭ó
״ԶȥûԴ㣬ú÷ʲôˣ

һ£ʶڣүô
ŶˣѿŶ֪ټ򵥲ԭ

檲鷳֪ԶΪתҧŴСػ
֪ˣԶߣ̫̫֪ҵһҪԺѾͷ¶ñţ

ҽǰģ檴ˣүɷ檰ŸԺӣ檵СҪμʡԣӲã
ԶҲ˵ԼͰźˣҲ֪Ѿҵ彫»׵Ž˵С¶ϱ

Ժʲô¶ֱӸ˵ñٷ˽¸飬ס𣿡ҵС껹̲סĦ¡
ҲҶ㣬ֻ񣬵Ƶģү֬㣬ͷġź𣿡

ԶɶԴ˵һ˲͡
ɾ͸һԶ裬СǲǶӰ̫ˣ

ɫƿⲻùʵ顣
˳ͷǣ֪ˡ

ӣԶüŵȥ̫̫ȡͷˡҾҪĵŮ࿴ԺǻҵŮҵŮ֮һеޡ㣬ҲüǵԼı֣үԴ㡣

Ҵ΢ǰŴһΪҵı֣Ҹүͺ档
Ǽǵñ֣ҲѾùˣ

ΪԴѾˣɸղſҲף˲ûԼô
źȼαڱÿܿأ֪Լˣǵӡ

ԽԶɵ飬ҾûӦľ

ܿһȳһս˴ţŵʱҵͷֻԼǰá
ԶɲԾɨΣź󵽵̲סˡ

һû˵ʲôƢҪĸģһ̫㣬Ժĸ϶ҪԿԶɱϺʳ衣
ĪѲҪллػϸ£

Ǻү檰ɣ檶Ϸǡ
Զɶµȥ֣һ٣ǸҿǴô˵

ţԶɵˡ
ĬһԶɲɤӣҺʱ˵Ҫˣ

ǻ檽𣿡̧ͷգ۾ߡ
ԶɿЦãǲԼ˵

ұ㣬ڸṲ̊࣬ôȥߣҲˡ˲䷢Զ˹˭֪ˣӻҪĥ

ҷɿס죬¶õЦүҪ檳𣿰ѽǲ֪ôлүźˣղŻ˵ˣûء檾øøүѲźãĺɰͽӶ檿ɺãˣ⡭

ſڸվ׮Ĵѿ̲סզ࣬լļܲİ




35.   35    Ԫ֣

ԶյĽ, ٴαҪ󡮿֡
ڶ죬ȽѿԷԸãֵġӦúܲ

ҹﱻԶɱҺЩݣصǸ, ǵ, űһڹȥ, 費ס졣
, ˰ɣѿӹ룬ϸ̽ҵĶͷЩ̣Ҫūƣ

ִѿ벻Ϊ̫죬Ҳ˵ǸδµѾͷ, 㲻ǣҲ벻ȱʲôġ
ҡͷأȥ߷ҪЩɫĲ̫õġ

үһ, Ҫ֣ѿⲻҪүѵӣ档
ҵҷ㻰ԽԽˡܲ˵ԼСͿѡ

ѿ࣬Ц˳ȥ
ҵŹ˶þܸ˼, ﻶϲ, ҲƽϣֻԺѰ˼ҪСͿʲôʽѡ

Сֱһ, ʱֻЩ, С˼

ģ˻ϲǳ챻Զŵò, ģŶòȥǿ˼࣬Ťͷһˡ
źСѾͷ۾ҪȥҴϴӴϽ˹ס

ôˣϹػط£ҹ̰ҵһء
Ƴģûϵǲ֪ԷǸжˣǰԺɾˡ

ԸѾ߻ȥԼҩӣŤͷȰҲ֪ԸסƫԺһźүЩͬǲŸսīԺôŸҲż

ץűӵֽ˽øףϷ˽ǽӽΪͷйغүĴǲЩź򣬲˵һӰŮģֻδܱס
ĶھôˣֻҪǱ֣ǽĸҲʧЦ̫ŽģĸҲöʲô̫ˡ

ʱȥҩӵѾ߻ϴӹ̫ҽ׻ЩҩҲ궼ЩҩӣͷȵģԿΣ̫ʦڣ̫ͺүᡣ

ϳŽӹҩӣˮº󣬲ɫ̽Ҳҩ
Ц񣺡ԶһЩҼ˺зҪ֪Щûܽз⡣

Ȼ͵漴ʶԼӦ̫ЩϽɻȥ

ø㽻ס˼˻סϵ֣Ҽ⾰֪ģû˵ʵҼڸﵱ˵źүҪȱģҺү˵ȴ󸾽ţµŮ˶Ҫ˵ġȻ㶮ҩźүԺ󡭡

µĻû˵ҲˣźѾͷš
û˺Ŵյ϶ߵҶ˼÷ģźˣСЩµϣ

һۣЦ˳
˴һµʱ򣬹ͷ˳¶밲

ˡںѣ˶˳ȥ
մ̫ıһ£ˣû˺ʵ

Ҳأ˵һֱǺϲ̫ӣȻҲ֧ңҲ벻ΪʲôҪΪ̫˵
ͣΪ̫˵ʲôҪҪ˵ʲô֤֤ȫ̫ĺûᣬô׽ʥ˸أ

ޣﰵ̽˺üΣʥ˶ֻҲûģܲá
ȥ¡

ĸżѾ˵ã䴫ҲѾźȥʩ飬Ҫ°յġ
ɫػֵ½ϣʶӦú⣬ܽҲ˵̫ǱΣ֧֣İҲ󡣡

ʣٻǺҲ֪Ǹòģִһأ¿ʡ
Ҵ̽˼˵ֹסüƺȫûг׵Ĵ㣬ĸ˵˵ǴͻܲҾܾ

Цҡͷǿͷ¿ˮοƥҰҵĸ˵Ը̫ס
죺ĶϢ׼𣿡

˾ŲʮٻҲ˵Ĵڽˣһ˼ţô¶룬֣¶ˣĸǣȢҹ㣬ס

㻹ЩģͷģԴ˵뽫ĸͽˣı㻹Ų
¶ЦĸıߣǶ͵ĺϢˡ

ҪȥĶ˵˼仰Ҫߣæʡ
һҪȥ˵ʲôǲ¸һ

ϲƿأͼıߵǸλӣǸ֮·խΣգݲһ˿

ѹõ壬Զɻظʱ춼ѾˣһԺӣӭ
ӣ̫Ըȥһˡ

Զɴ֪ĸҪ˵ʲôŲ˶٣ǳ鷿ȥˡ
ȥ̫˵һҪ´ȹٹȥ밲

ԴһԵţҲû˵ʲôӦ³Ժӡ
ȥﺰԶɳųԴڷԸ

̧ͷɨ˳ԴһۣϣС˷ֱ䵽ǿຮ֮һʱգܴЩ
ԴҺм־ȡ

ǺүкηԸɫʵ
ԴЦȥǰͷźء

ҼԴǰˣĵϲʲôӣָԼ¶ƵĳԴǷŲ¾衣
Ҳû˵ŴѿҴȥǰͷ

·ɾʱ˭ûߵСѾͷſڣǹȥСѾͷĻ˶᷿

ү밲ҽ¶Цžͽϲүˣ
㲻ҪźţԶü֣

ʾѿȥţԼߵԶԣү֣
үĥīԶɲÿɷԸ

ҹԹӣ̨ﵹ˵ˮīתȦ
СɽдˣԶɼĥīĶʵһشЦһǽҲû̺ã֣ү۾ۡ

Щ⣺ҿʮһͽˣѧҲֻѧ겻ѽ
дúƽֱΪѾܴ˺

ԶȤǰү㣬һʱ䣬дá
дôżӲĺ󱳣Ťͷգ۾õԶɻӲЩ

ҵԴдãͰӵׯȥ߲ˣ
ȥׯҲǱס˰ɣҲǸѡ

Ҫǻžרĵ㡣࿿񣬵ԶеʢͷҧŻСĶû
һ죬Ͻסëʡ

ȳȥ꣬ͷ֣ҵֽд֣Ҳд֣ǰͷѧǸϺò̫
˵Ҫ£ͷһضӵĻ˻ɡ




36.   36    Īһӣһ

˼̫ȻûŵԶ, ææ˵ⶨǶ

ЩͷֱۣԹ˵ļҲǺʮͿʼ࿴, ɵãҵĺͶǵ, ƫĵ, Ҿ벻, Ҫȥ˵ص£Ҷûү

ЦŴȤФүԸ鶼ôүƽء
ЦȢ֮ǰ˺ü, վסĶˣأǰиҲˣô˵ģ˵ֽΡ

ҲżҲźˣ, ߷磿˼ŵ
Щɣ˵˹ãɾܰˡ

򸮽ף˵, ԶɲϺú࿴, ˵ãȺҵСţеͷۡ
֮Ҫ, ҲΪĵλ⡣

˵ʥֻйһʺ, Ҳ̫ӵҶ⺫ûʺ
ϺĵãȻδŵ, ҲǸһȻʴµġ

ϧλСûȻʵǻͲˣȻλС㱾ͶϣԼҲźĹͣط˺ּý
ʥΪТԺҲһֱмӣڵĴͶչĽۺ졣

Զվ̫һ࣬ô֮ãиأôкķˣʥ˭̫֡
ɽȢҲܴ˼ҵǣ

ϸһ׻ǷԸȥҽйɣ˵˵˵
ֵӦ£˺÷ȥīԺˡ

÷Ҳ֪飬֪̫ԸҲû̫ģŴѿҴá
ӴѾͷɫžǳ˵⣿һţϾЦˡ

ɫȻ̫ͺүĶ䣬ū澳ԵúôúãûЩö
ϱЦݸʢͬ밲ϴȤƣǰѾͷ;ͻ˵ϲˡ

ҴӣһԸ͡
չ˺Լչ˺ӲǣɫãŸ÷ء

ϵͷҲɫ̽ŸɶЩ飬˵æúܣźҪעЩӡ
ҸϽӦǣﵹЩɻôûֵԶæأҪ˵ææźɡ

һ⣬ͷȥ
϶㹧ģģ˵ĻҲ͸˵ˡ

վǻڣҸɶ˵һ𵢸¶ʱŮ춼Ҫȥ˶³ײˣһЩ˵϶˶٣ɶңͷһźģʱҲųȥ档

ʹӵԶ˵¶̫ţϾʹЦ⡣
̫ķԸǰ檻үԸأ˵ҪϸغүѾ׼ˣ̫ʧġ

ӵЩ죬Ķ֪ܲʱ
ŵԶɺͺСڽ棬Щȣʹ˸ɫ

ģЦĵܿûôĹŮ¶˵Сˣүʲôͬ
Ϻ˵ҶԴ󸾵ĽûκηԵʸѾǸ棬Ļᡣ

Ҳʲô˼ƳãȺСǰҲôˣʡܽкС㲻졣
ֻԶ˵ȥ󣬵û˵𺫸С¶ϾϱӺСǸĴӶףֻϧ

ͷ˲һٿ۲ɫ֣Ȼ˼֣ǽкС򸮽ףĺӿˡ
Ͻ¶ܳЦɷˣ檲Ǹү˵ʲôأ

Ϻ϶ڴؿɫϿҡ
˵Сиĸʵ檵ĸ֡ǰ̫檶밲ɺãԸ⾡һ

ϺӶЩˣ˵Ƕ̨ϵĶ̬ǲҲ̫Щ
˼ţôīԺһĶô

úӣ֪ǸֵģߴôЩ꣬Ҳʱءô룬ϻʾְҷǰźɶʱӣ˺⻨¶Ųˡ

ҸϽЦ檻ȥ͸̫Щ¶͹
ղ˵ãҾ͹ԹԸá

ЦʣĸңϱԺҾ͹ˣҲûֵݶϡ
˵ֲ˵ǴϿ÷˻ЩȻɶ˵Ȣ׺ҪԺĻݲݴˣСƢԶãҲɶȢ˭Լá

Ȼԭĸ׿Էһ׮ˡ
˵ʵԶ뷨ﻹͦĽģĴүԶ弴ٿޣԺĻҲûˡ

һصԷûãԴѹˡ

ӽūŸЩѹǳȥϱߵʱרϺõĴġԴЦеعӣЩԸʲôʱ÷㣬Ѿһյ˵ȥǰͷȥء

Ц嵭лˣʰ£һ͹ȥ
ȳԴȥ󣬴ѿźһѣɫ̽ӲϲԴ

Ҳɫɨ˴ѿһۣѾͷȻŮܾôѿͨѾЩͬ
Ȼû취Զֱ˵ԴӴѿ֣
ţƲƲ죺ǲ֪ҸīԺʱ򣬳Դ۾ǳϣͻȻ㹧ǫ˵һʱ͸˵ģǲš

ǡ㲻֪үֶΣѿͷĻû˵

Ҵ֪ѿ˵ʲôҲֻǵԴźүôã˵ȳŻ磬ɼܺүӣȥֻΪһС¶͸ʹӣǲܶԴ˵Ȼ֮ģ͵Ҷˡ

˵ѿ˼ģҲ˵ѿһȥǰԺ
źԶһŸ֣ȥˣ

˶ȥԺҲŽ£ҲûȦӣ̫£檹ȥϣ檶ںүǰ溫Сԡ
ԶЦЦĸ׾һ˵

үг㣬Ӱүľءգ۾Цֻ˵С˳úÿҲãǸʴȵĸĸڣҲЩ
ԶüǾүס㣿

Ҵӣ˵ȢףҪǶ˵ġ
˵סԶɵĸ첲Ư۾ǹ㣬żִĺΣĸݵǣǲأ檱֤ᰲźĸ

ԶȻС˵ȻԼ˵ĻѣԶɲŷ֣ȻδҪСˡ

ЩӣĪһӡ




37.   37    գ

ԶɶǵԼûйֲڵĸо, ׷Լ˵ϲʳȴ游סԼ͵ĸ۽ʱ

ʱôţǽг˹
游ŤЦ˵ûϵյ, ҧǵϷ, ְ֤ʵ͵ԡ

ͷرó, ŵó໴, ޲ٰӣȷԼجΡ

˵ǲǺӵӶţԶ͵Թ۽ִż͵õ, ǶԼԿա
㱾ķƢãôѵɵɣԶɳҵĸ첲Ȼɿ, ȻȥɣҪ¡

ţҪºü, ѲҪɾλҪ£ǿɲС
檻ûءҿͰͿŵԶ, ΪۿˣѵҪ檲ɣҪô檣һƻһ߰籣

ϱӸʹ, ξյľ, ܿһεδۿֱҵϡ
檲ɺүľֻүһ, ǽС

һû˵꣬ͽеԶסڻ
ԶսŭԽɫԽżĮҵӣүжģ

ŻһδݣŻһз紵ݶͻġ
˴֮䣬ÿÿҿرۡ

øף׳ŵҪˣ֣û˻ţҪ檵׾٣˵һ˼ģǡ檻һͷײ
뵽пڱ¿Զ˿Ⱦ˼˭ң

Ȼû˸ҡĿδ䣬ĵĺɿèҲһ˲֮䡣
ԶеͷֻۣǾ㣬ұ˼Һʱ˵Ҫˣ

ӲɾᣬۿʣȢС԰ɣ
ԶɵղŵĻ˵ˣѵ䣬Сۿ̫ǳԼĿۡ

Ȣﲻɳӵĸ˼ɳƵɤӣǣ檵ڣĸҪ檣練𣿡

Զô˼ؿûôˣС°ͣԼ޺ҧȥ㵽ҪȢС㣬Ҹ
ʵҵ̫ƽ޹Ҫֻ»̫̫룬ûֻ񻹲ʱ

ҧҧػһӣɲΪѡΪʲôܶҪ
檶үġŵԶɻȵĺԼϣСͿ޵ͨ죬Щ̫檸ųȥ̤࣬檵ʱһúںСǰ֡

Զɺ޵ǾޱƵĴҧһڣǸΥġ
ǰͷ˵Ļͷţǳ׼Լᷣ

֪̲ҲϽסʵһֻźүģ̫ĸĳҲ̫ģ˴檵òã
Զ΢գͻȻʣҪȢ˺С㣬Ļϲ

︹̣ĻϲֻҪˣѶģҲռϱӵı˰ˡ
檲ᣬֻҪүˣԵر֡˵վɽСڵԶɻмƵġ

ӵԶ̹ˣҵԴŰɣ㲻Ƕˣ
ҹ˳ͷŵʱԶɲˣȴֻ˵ԶЦЦĿ⡣

ҲգڶһͶ̫ϲ¶ȥá
ЩȣҵĿֹס˼ӡ

ɶġõǿ϶˵ҲģĪ̫˼
նϣĵСǡôĽЦ⣺˵ʱ򣬺ү檶໰ء

ɨ۾ϻδȫȥĺףÿɷû˵
Ҳ֪檵Сźүõ¶үҲû˵ģֻ̫ĴĸĳүĪ񣬺˵̫šҽŵ

ЩҴԵҲϵԶɵӣǵԶһҵİڲҪΪ򸮵δˡ

֪ǸúӣȻҲϲС㣬γȥҪʵЩֳʲôЦϵЦҲ֪ɶǸصˣ㰲ЩȽ󸾽ţҲΪ˵û

ҹͷ֪ˣǵñֵġ

ȵϣּ˳Դ
ҳ˻Цҽвʣȥɾӵλǰȥź򣿡

Դ϶棬⼸ɾʵ̫ЩЩϳϣʲôơ
Դһ£ЩΪѣҲû˵ʲôͻȥˡ

ɾſڣԷλûиȥǰԺæȥ᷿
ôɫĺøأͷӴߵýҲҵ̫á

õ׼áͷЩڵɫԸ᷿סȥ˵һʲôҪүĶһ
£ϽӦȥġ

ԶԴ꣬Щ죬Щʱÿնظţնúܣ쾹Ȼ
ֻĲˣûԥվͷߡ

ԴܿһųȥԼֻʵվ鷿ͷš
ȵԶɽ˺Ժ·ɾʱͻȻǼʹڽ˵֬кƻôҩ㡣

ϺϾ˳
檸ү밲Ϻ

Ȼ˿ڣԴīԺ檵ȻδиźүֻԾү˼ѣү
˵Ͻӹ̣ǱߵݣûнԶɾõԶ䵭ͻЩ

ʲôȱģ͸Դͳ˵һֱϲԼŮ̫̫࣬ζ鷳Լ㰭ĸ׵ĺ⣬ҲһֱˣǵߣһѾǶ˼ˡ

ڰҲŵݳϻӣЩȣǰͷ檲£Ҳү˼ɰүˡԺ󶨱ִԺ
ţȥɡгˣԶɽŲͣԷķߡ

дżֲʣصɾڣŵϱԹҿүǽǺӹ˻ȥȥǺʱź򣿡
ϵЦŰοѾǸõĿʼˣСӵʱȽкүźãձǸõĿˡ

ﰲοסϽߣ˹˼оżɣͳȥˣ벻ãֻҪоͺá




38.   38    Ƣһ

Զ̵ĳһ, ͼбϣ
㲻ӲʣЩˡԶЩõǰסҡ

ϽͷĻ£ôˣ
Զɲ𻰣շµ, ¶Ц, Ϻ, ûʲôо, ƼĻƣĪмѾõ¶档

ǰʾҸԼѺͺɰģСһһжС, һ֣Ҳһ֣еİʾ·˵
ҿԴȥˣҲ͡Զ, ͷóͼЩӹҲԼɰҲ͹ˡ

е, Сʶ, һæȥ衣
үûʲθЩãЩɡ

ԶǸϸ, ɫ̫, ·ϸۣɫˡ
֪Ϊҵı֣Զ, Ȼֻ̲ס˼ֻΪŮˣ㾹ȻҸѣ

ԲֱĲɫԲĳߴ磬»࣬۾Ƶóһ뵽Լղ飬Զվ
ҸϽ£үϢŭ֣òõѣҲ˷˲ƥšŰСߴģʵûˣҲûʲôõóֵĶ

˵קסԶɵ½ǣ檴δӵҲҽõĸ
ԶɴĻקѣ˭˵ˣȱ㼸ѲɣͬΪңϺϣıֲñɣ

Ȼżǳҩζһ£ζǵá
Զɵйζ֪ΪʲôԵʣĳҹֵһ룬ͻȻ˹ȥ

̫ͷһδǵԶɲϲ˴ˣ̫˵˰
ɫЩ԰ףֻСС֣˸֣żζ̸⡣

ͷݺҧҧ⣬ҺۿӿڣԭֻǸѾߣܸλȣ泤߻ƵģĶлѽ
Զü£ֻѹ»ı־źңĲطˡ

ô˵ɫôС̽ô֪˻ء
ҧҧŵԴɿֺһ檲֣ôԣǽɾӵźɣ

˵겻ȵԶɷӦܽͷȥ
Զһ£գ˵Ǹû϶СģƢߵʲôë

Զɿסȥĳ嶯ǰԺ
Ѹ͹һ鷿װĵԶɣСĴ̽ʣӣҪūȥɾӵ

ҲŲǣ
Զûȥ

ЦæţԴզࣺ˵ԷλҲ̫ˣѻҸӷƢ˭ݵô񣿡
ƤЦⲻЦ˭Ȼ¡

Դҭܣҿ˿̾˿ǰûźԺŮˣԹҲ֪Ǻǻ
ΪȻг㣬õģȥҳ⡣

ԴϽסӶˣԷͶ
ԴЦ˵һԾŶû˵ͣʱҪǿߣҰ𣿡

ͷȥ·ϣҲѰ˼ˣԴȥӿҲûӰӡ
Ǻˣֻи˵ķݶ뵽ҵݣҲ̲סЩǡΪūţҪӷԸҲ๡

ѷźãԸһЩ¶
˽ԶϲԷ͹ȥһЩҹ˾ʱ͵͵Եӡ

ҹԶƫƫСѹݵԸͽԷϢ
ò˯ȥԶˣĸײûиϺΪ檣ֻ˸ͨѾ߽

ź͹ˣԽѾͷЩ߻˳źҡ
ǸѾͷɣźʱ˵ҪҸߣѡ

Զɹ⴩ϸҿ֪ôΪȾ˷纮ϵЩ΢ҩԶɲδ
û뵽ǾôУ㶪ǰʥ˹нĲ£Ҳûġ

̫Ӱ̨ɽǱһλ˾ǸֻĹ˽ϵȫȥֱȥ
Զ֪Լ˶ǶǰĽǴĸҹɣʹ䱩ҩ

ŵҩ㣬Ϊ˲˷֣ҩ˼ԽԽŻᷢԽ죬Ϣ˯
Щܳ裬ȴԵֻ˾Щûи֣ǵĸҶ׷

Զ˳īԺŲ֣ߣ¸үԶҲЩϵ
ˣҹʱ֣ԶͻȻԸ

ֵĳԴæţӣкηԸ
Զۿ˿Դг

ԴӶͷҲҶ˵Ͻ˳ȥг
ɾӰҹͻȻӭ˳ϺϱѺЩҹĽҪ˰ɣ

ʵֻǽϣ߻Űѵġ
ﷺᣬ˵ûʲôֻǽźǰͷر˵ӻԸЩź򣬲źá

ѹ߰ĵͷϽʰԼҲųš
ǺүҪź򣿡ЦӭǳǵЦݽ˽ӲͷƤӭȥүҪź𣿡

ۺڴԼޱͷ
ϼϽӣҲЩߺ޵ӣͻȻ˷Դҽһ;Щʣǰȥź򣿡

ȻǲźһȾүͲˣ檡
үԸź򡣡ϵ˵Իɡ

¾ԽԣҲֳֻǿһЦǰץס֣ðģҶںүǰ˵ûģǶźˡŸϣǣ

ϸԼ˵ĻñʧЧҩѾֻԼ͵͵Уʱ򱻲˵׼ס
ֻźˣʱ˱ã뷨ӽԷλҲ⣬ߵͷϣǲܰȫ

ϸϸƽЩЦЦǽȥɣкүˡ
ѹţ¶ӷԸ飬ͨϵҲгɵĿܡ

ͽǰԺûܼԶɣһЦӳ¸ˣľȴͱһµŷūŸס죬ȥ
ӷԸڣ˭֡Ը

ĬĬ˵ͷܿʧԺŴŹǷȥ˯
Ժ°Դ̧ͷԴʧķ̲סݺü




39.   39    ôߣ

ķСˮ, Ϣ̨ͤ¥һµĻӸУֻûûӸ֡

͹ȥĶͻˡ˹СĻػǰūŴȥ¥ҳӴһ۾ͽ˸˳, ūŸӻػ, ֻ˵֪ԽԽá

öתͣ, ĿɱʲôҲ֪ģǸϼһǻװŪ, ˸Ҳ飡鲻Ұ嶤ӽڡ
̩ԽǲҴţԽ˲õܣϾ̩ʥ˵壬յܾйأѲ̫ӵ⣿

˵̩֪˭ݺ̫ӣ
뵽, ͻȻʣЩʱûж

ūŸϽش𣺡̫Ӿ˵Ϊڶի䣬ʱնչţûʲôϢ
ü, һһĨλôƭùˣƭ

ŲһֱǸĶ˷, ֮λôɼ, Ҫ֪ǸλϿɴδӡ

˸Ҷ˶Ըĸżͷ, Ҫ֪̫ڶʲô
ūŸϽӦ, ˳ȥ

ʱɵ̫Ҳڸ̸顣
ȷԶûйӴ

ּûڸе̫κͷūŶ˰ڡԶĶӣڡûκζԶλ檲, Զھ¸ֻ¶

˼ôȻԶûϵΪҪһԶڣԶ̼ͨͽݺһ̫ӣΪλô£
˵ʥô㣬¶ÿЦʥںĻԼ

ڵԶṩ֤ݣǴ׷Ҳܸѣ̫ݵԶɵĻ֪ʲôȥ飬ȻʹסԶβ͡
׵ǣʲôܣʥ̣ѵ˵ԶзصĻʵܶʥвʤ

͹ȥˣ벻ף¾ȷ£תͷġ
κͷɤ᣺ѾֱͨūŵݽԴ˵ǽ̽ӣҹѾҹʡ

ʳʲôˣЩȤʡ
κЩΪѣԴȥ򷢵ջأҲ̫̽࣬ǽ˷ˣֻ¡ү¡

Цҡͷ㻹̫СԶˣѽδز֪Դݡ
κЩȣǸԴϵǸү˵õӦòᱻְɣ

ҲҲ޷²ûóԴʲô򸮵飬˽óԴЩ壬Ϊ˶ֻ۾ˡ
°ЦҲȷʵǿС˶˼Ӣѹ˹صʱǺǡ

κҲЦūſǲˣԴǼ¶үľӲýľūʵڲźүԸŮӶ顣
κ⻰ɫЩ

κԽӣūŸἰ¡
޷̫տʹˣ±۾ʵ

κ̫ն˹ʳӣūѾ̫͹ȥ
ţ˯˸ɫЩ·ôǻڡб

κٿϸ̫Ӹë̺ӣ˳ȥ
ԶҲãԼŮӶģΪŮӲͷʶ̱شԣĸǰĴˣҲΪЩ嶯

Դ˾īԺŮѾ߰ʱ䣬Է˴ֵŮˣǺ鴦ˡ
ҾȻߵΪһҹûϢõĵԶɣһͷ㣬ýѡ

ҹ̫ʱźߣĸҪԼʱԥҪԼȥΪԶɿ˳üۣҲȻŲ졣
СʱֻҪţųһ仰Ҷ˵ȴ֪˯ŵʱ򣬽ϣװ˯ĵԶɺܸܿоʪġ

ЩõԶ﷢Ļʱ
һԳ֪ô룬ɱһһɨɨڣﶼ

ӡڵԶһοʱɥڣūʲô˵ūϷ𣿡
Զýëͷӣú˵Կʲôӣ

Ϊ𣿵Զɷ߷ߵ룬ϳϳһߴȫСͨۿӡ
Ŷϵīίʵ鶼ǽģūô֪ϻͻȻԾҪҲùԣ϶϶ʹá

ԴͷƤЦⲻЦػūǴˣ̵ľеģСҪҪԣ
̴һ£١ⲻϸ˵û𣿻ڲǣٺ١

ԷۣŵԶ񣺡ūŰ²ү𷣣Ǹҩģû˴ĽӡūѾԭڳܰ԰źֻǴʹѾͷȥɨͷûǣҵĵӸӸй

ΣԶɫʵǸΣǶӵֱʡ
ҡͷȻЩ£ūûʲôǼӣԭźүĸû⡣

Զӣ˼˻ŷԸ˶ȥĸ׻ϸЩˣмǲǷ֡
Ӧ£תߣԶȴͻȻס

ӣԵ˻Ը̧ͷʡ
ԶųԸԷ˵θڲã˶עЩо

ӳԶϽͷøסĲ졣
·ϹҲ˵ģӻԷһôʮʱûء

ԲҶӵȣӦʣǸѣҪ͵Էȥ
͵ˡԶŤŴ⣬ȥ׼Щܸͨ򸾲Сõ񡣡

ԳĬԶеȣ̲סɤӣűԸڶ飿
ԸæӦ£æ

ȳԺЩ룬Կű˴ˣ̲סЦ
ֹһվͳƾλëǸĲ˿

͵һŽ߸ſСӣٽӣ»Ըӡ
ɫſźһ泩ȥˣСϹ֣Բʮź

磬ǸɶӣûĴɤžˡ
ͦԾ죺ɵӣøȥ

ɵӲǸղſŵ
һһȥ˺ַһȥֵĳԴǳ˳飬ϽȥԺӵź

ô벻ףӱҲˣүΪλóֵܣѲҪɵ
ԴĪο˼֡

Ϊ£ҹ˯ó٣һЩǽСҪԶһоӿ̫ѨһһĵۣɫЩġ
ӣȥǰͷأ˵ѣȥȡѿ

üĪЩͣΪҪ͵ǰԺȥԶɲŸոշƢȥǻҪƨ
˵û˯ãŷʡأͲȥǰͷˡŶֻ˵Ļдѿͷ

˻Ȱ䣺ӣūųӣǺүٲȥ
Ҫ֪ǵӣɵź˵˭Ƣأ

ȻģֻüѧŵԶɵӳѿըգۣ˵ڶΣ

Ȼѽ˭еôʶأҲܰ׵˱ݵûִǣ




40.   40    Сۣһ

ȴѿΪѵس, ̲סЦɫ΢Щ
ҲĵԶɷŭֻǼʱΣ뵽ԼսսֵźǱ, ټϴʱӲ, Īʹ졣

ϲ, ҲϲԺŮ˲, ֻǺЩӶϸɫֻҪɱʱ˳ͷķӣҲˡ
ûбڸõʱ±, ܺùӭСʱ򣬻Զҡ

ȹһװԣܽǸķǵ˸, Ҳϲǵӡ
𲻸¶Ҳ԰׵СЩȣȥ, óûСѡ

ŻվҪȥ, ճźʱٸɼ
ûߣӾͱ³, һеĴŴ粽ŵ˴˽

Խ, θڲã˯ãѲ㻹űź㣿Զ߹·Ͼͳɤѵ, Ļƣɫÿ
ǲŶ÷أţ˵Ҳųˡ

Ȼͣ϶ɻǲ·źãֻӿ˵
ưˣԶվǰ°ʡ

̾˿ס°ͿϣֻῴĳԲ˯ãȻүˣ檰Ѹ𣿴ӽڣҼСһӵĴֶֻĹ

ԶɽСЦˣ˼ǣȻѾ˴ѵˣôŶðѴꣿ
ǴƢã÷𣿡ӸңȻ

ҾͿͷΣĿ֪ү檣ʵڻϲ뷣檣Щ𣿡
ԶɱСĲҪסˣһӦȻʶҵ

ɫûǰÿƯ΢΢ڣɫͰ𪣬ſֻЩ
Զɴżս㲻ῴǶס𣿱Ϊһô㡣

šǧ檡ĥ䣬ΪūǶͷҲ׳ӣǰδеĹˣǴ檣Ҳۣڴϳͷ檡
µԹ̵ͽ˵ԶɶоȵĺԶ˲Ͻö

ݺסϸֱĥ˵Сȥ
ĶĵӸôˣСÿģôԼֱǡ

ɬӸ˵㣬첲ȦĲ͵Ϯ˵ԶƯıƾү䡣
Զŭ˳ȫȼ͵ؽұ粽ߡ

Ųӣүϲˬźȥɾӣ
ԶɲûסĽ˶ӳȥŮ˶𣬲˵Լź

ң󵨣Զҧǻˡ
ʪۿȴر̹׹׹ʹĶӶûôˣɫ˿ϱӵĶǶ̹

ѳϣӱΪܸ˰ɣ
ҴĬĬᣬֲֻɿ

Զɫڣ漴ϱ˺üɫŻָĮŮٹȥҪˡ
ޱ齫ҷڴϣһ仰û˵תߡ

͵͵˿ѹĪֵһʧ䣬ֻ쳤ţֻû˾ͳȥѸꡣ
ûһԶˣֻڴһԣһʱҲֻԼһţЩ¡

Ҫʲô̫仹Ҫ
ϰ¶ѿŸİ׺Ӹҽš

ԶֽӷѿɫӸϣŴ
ĪЩǣЩͷԣѾôˣԶɻԸƢ

ǰǲԼϱźǸˣʵǡ̫˰ɣ

غүĻûʲô⣬ֻŮӱƢ飬Ƣθַ֮ĶԺ飬Ѫвʹ̣࿪²ӵҩϰҲްˡϴ򹧽

ԶͷгȥӣһӦҩĶƷ
ϴӦ£ųŶѿһȺĺѸСķڴСϣ˳ȥ

Ҫι㣿ԶмӲ
ҲΣԹȺ࣬һߺһ͵

ԶɱΪص񿴵òڣ룬վ

ȺúϢ岻ʣξͲظųˣԺлᡣ˵ȥһֲҲӺԺ󣬾ͽԷڣޱóţú÷ʡǲ֪ԼĶԶȥˡ

ͻȻסĴ֣Ҳ봲Ѿе룬۾ˡ
ȻȽůӲĻ

ү֪ˡӰָסԶɵı˵дˮ⣬κһʱҪͷˮǹУԺ󶼺úүĻһֱ𣿡

Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôƲסǹֱֱ׹䣬Ө͸
ԶʶȥסǷݾӨ䣬ȴŽ˿ıˣ͵һӡ

ʲôǸΥģϴϵڿ죬Ž̲ġԶɱڴϣûԼ˵ûȴý˲ţ˵˵أͷβҿ˵һػίӣǰЩô֪ô

˺޲ܽͳί
ûίǲţү̫ˡ·ƵģڵԶϣ˿Լ̫̰ģ˺ү檵ĺá

Զ˼бڣԲ̫ףվ֪˼롣
ҹԹԵͷ檲ãү檡

Զ΢΢漴סûټ˵˿ڴϣֽһ˷ﶼ˵Ӹˡ
˻ҲŹָͷʣպǸͷóȥС𣿡

Զɣ
֪Сôɣͼ̲סع˹һ仰û˵˹š

ҿһﷴûôˣٰѴ򿪵ĲҩȺȥǰСͻָ˺
ѿҵأҳţ˰춼ûŷϵᡣ

ѿ͵Цүžˣ˵óյء
üϽղ˯ŵĹ򣬳Ѿ˺ЩԷūŶܸү˺ͿõĶ

һЩ⣬ܸС۵

Ŷˣӣү˵ź˼룬ҲгЩϺõĶ缳ѿСֻЦǲסүԸһѹĺɰͲظȥ̤ˣҲûīԺء

Ȼܡ




41.   41    һë

³ӣһ̲סȸԾ֦ͷ, չʾԼĽ޲λδۿҹɫסǷ
ƤԡŻм͵Ĵ, ޱ鼲˴, ӻոµ, žǬʹ

, ´ųȥˣǾķ򡣡
δгᣬʥҲЪϢҽʱͣ, ֻһźһٲ

Źյ蹦ʥ˲ŷ±ʣ, ׼յʥ
Զ𣿡۾ϢƬ̣ʥ˲ʵ

͵÷·ëƵģر, үմ», ի䣬δ
ʥ̾˿żֳ⣺ȵס, Щӹ, úá

Ϊӣү볣˲ͬӦ͡
ʥüһĨɬǺӸǺ޵İɣ

Ц¿ô, ̫̫ƵģôҲԹ
ǡʥ̾˿˵Ĳ

ţʥ⼸̾ȹȥһ궼Ҫࡣ

˵ǲΪŻԹЩΪ˱סµĴ֮λ̫ĺ顣ʱ޶룬˵׼һ죬¾Žһ㶼ᾪȵġʥ

ɤЩɬһ˵òŵ͵͵̫ǸʺģǵȺͿ¶Ŀһ̫⡣
ʥɫģҲ⣬˵ҲûٸʲôΪĶǴǬĽɽȹ̰ˡ

ô˵뵽ԼҪ飬ʥ̾˿ҪǺӵġҲ֮ʥˣҲȻᶮ˿̵ļѡ
Ҳ˸ʮ꣬ĵն˵ǰָʹĲ£ܽ޲ôġʥ˼˻˻⣬͸ף˵ָʹ

ǰָʹָʹָʹʹͳϳơáûϹ٣õֻʥˡ
̩ǰͷıʥ˾ã֮һһָ˭

֪˼̩͸֪ˣ껹Լѡ
鷢̩һѣҲ̩棬Щ

ҴӦ˻ųʵὫǱߴѾϣǱҪ
ⲻùʵ顣ʥ˱۾֪ˣ֪Ҳ֪ˡ

˲ʥ˲Ǿ⣬Ǳ׽ˣ֪˵¶˵׼ʱεؾͻñ֪Ƶˡ
ʥӣҰ֣ſڵ֣վصԵλãŰ˳ȥ

ͬʱԶڣƵƻͷԶԶǰ۰߰ߵǲ԰ס
檵ĸ׶úү£үٸһλɡ

Զ֪ͬԺĵճŮֳĵմŮĶ
Զɫתŷ飺ֻһС¾ͽץסβͣǱ¶Ϊһѵ˸ϵ

Զæɾᣬ̧ͷæӸĽӴļΪأͷָҲõֳܸȥһ࣬¾ǣϵġ

ԶΪԶҧҧ֪ûүò£ϱ˺ʹѾ׵ֻүֻҪزͼ֣ҵѰźýӦ֣үڸЩ鶼õķݶϣٸ׸ᡣ

ԶЦȥԶקԼ˵ʲôˣ㲵ģȥ˿ʲôӣ㲻ãҲܽΣıǡ

ԶŬͻӲӣԼԶϣǳòүʵǲʧͳүЦˡ
Զһֻ˹̴Զȹȹﻹ͸ż⣺ڱԹû𣿱ʵҲĽء

ʱ̸Զߵͷ˳ȥŶ֮ţԺеūŶľͷʲô
û˼ǵԶի䣬û˼ǵӸʱûмǵǰһԶҪɱˣīһ׼ðɱ»˻֣ڰİûӰ

Զɴʱոյｼ⣬ΪҪҸ˼棬Զһū֪ͨ˸컹ûͳš
ǵﾩͤʱ̻춼Ⱦ΢΢⣬վͤĸһȥýϢ

ŻҪٻܵôң˿ʿĺõЦʵԶɡ
ȥҲЩӳֱӴԶɵ

һЦĵܿΪңҪЩиС㿴ˣĸҪ˵ġ
ƲƲû˵СǵǶǰոҲṫǵСȻܲ˵Ͳ˵

Զɵ˵ͷҳȥɢɢ磬ɩ⡣
˵¥һԾ£żڴд⣬С԰ͶС԰ɡС԰ޱſǰ

̬ÿʵƲڸǰ̰ء԰ޱ죬ЩζӣСŶҪۡ
С԰绹С̫˼ҲֻĽԶɵĺùˣΪĸɫЩ㷲ûſ

Զɴ񱼣ֱԶԶˣŻתƿͤһ·žϹȥ
ʱæǣӣѾˡ

ţôԶʵ
ѹ˶ƫûôͽֳ˶ֻŵ˵ġ

Զüȥ¥Щÿ˻ĸȥء
ǡҲʣòĳԼǣųСԺӡ

Զɽţʶ˿ƫŲ
ȸүⲻˡԶɣ¾̲סЦҲ˵ǽݲؽĵضһΪҽأɰ⹷ūŵùǺ

ҪҲ̳ûĳκ¹Ҫԩ꣬Ű˺͵ԶλС˶ˣ̫Ƕȸ״ʡñԶɼҡ

Զɫ䵭̫Ӻò׳һˣ˵
ⲻĻôͷӶЩö͸ǸСˣ񡣡ȻЦƵᣬἫˡ

ϧԶɲ򵥣ɲȱöŵҴʱɡ
Ц˼ִԶСӶռжǿǲٶ٩ֻЦпʼ˵¶

ҿɲǵø˵͢£֪ô֪Զݵģ
ָ̫ͼıķݣԶüһ仰̫˵ɫ

±˿۲ǿָ̬²֪ү˵ʲô
ѵ֪СһëһͺýԼ߸߼ñ˴֮ԶͻȻбڹñϣЦ

ͷĳκﶼѰ˼ţλү֪Լë




42.   42    һ̶Уһ

κͳ, ЦݲЩڡ
֪ʲô

Զɵ㲻ҲµЩػġ
ˡͻȻ˼ԶҴ̫꣬, ǼԶйϵ

˭Ҳ֪ʥ˸λ̫סԶСʱЩ, ɴԹ, ̫, Ĺ˺ͽŶ̫Ҳȥˡѣ½ֻ֪һС̩ԶƫԶҪ¶ı˼ʱһѹ֤, ʥ˶Դֲֻԣһ㻳ɶޣҪ֪̩ҲеѪͳ

Щܸոƶңǩ˺ƽԼ, ܻҵɲֹһ׮
ɫ࣬վſòԶɶػıɴ￴顣

ʥ˵ʱ̫, ̫, ˣΪ֪
ɾʥˣλкѪͳĹ̫ǰ̻¶, ˾ڱɴǰ
ͻȻЩ, ɵôӻͳѩ˿ݺݲ˲֡

ԶǸʵãǸλáһĮת, ʥ˵ǻŷұ߾ܵԼڲˣкѪͳʥ˲ı֤ݡ

ʥĮ˽ʥΪܵľýɽȹڲˡ

Զг˭֤̫ʣ̫źĹ˴̽öûҵһԶΪʥ˵ġʵܡͶӶû˼λĿʥ˻ξϣ

»£ò
ԶżΪ֮ƣҼȻѾ֮Ϊˡ
̲סü¡

ݻѾ˴¶ӸҲУΨ飬ˣڳϵ治ţҲҡڡԶɴĻ
̾˿֪ˣһᡭ졭

û˵鷢󣬵ԶֻǲԸŮˣΪʥ˵ĳӣܵӰ컹Ҫ̫Ķ֮ҹҵöԲס̫
㡭ϲƫǸСˣͻȻʣҼǵǰŮΪٴɫСкβͬ𣿡

Ū׵ԶξͻȻŮ¾Լ˵׼Ҳܸ̫׽
ֵԶˣȥͷȡĵĽӣһת¡

˺ɫ˵Żӵ̫һۣȻҲȽκҼɫõСԣֻҪ⣬ܹǸӡ
Цģû֮ã罫Сøԣ

ԶŤͷ俴̫ӣ̫ȥ
ЦˣЦһϡʱҲˣСˣȥδӰɣһõġ

˵ڵԶɵĺЦ뿪Ժӡ

ƫֶ˵
ոλǹģ»üСʡ

ҵͷŶ̧̧°ͣ˵СǾ͵ʲôû˵λҪƿ
»֣صͷģ֪أүȻӴص顭˵ү𣿡

»ģ߸ϵĺүˣǷϣûڣǰ߻˵Ǻߡ»ԼΪ
ҼСһߺ忡˯һ߿Сᣬ֪СҲǸˣϽסСĸ첲

ССǷģүҸƵģⲻǻ͵Ĺ𣿡
ԶվǰΪⲻҪųĬһӵĺ

ƽڸүҲҷļϣüүŵĽд򣬻ҺҩҶӹǲܸ̹ˡЦžСӵĵǡ
ԶƲ͵ЦĳЩպϹ˵ǶѣôС˵һ

λľǣүһ̶УⲻҲûˡ˳ŵԶɵ˼
Ա߳򶶵öҪﲻסˣҲ̲ס˺ü¡

ҦϼҽߵͬʢǾޱƵģôǷһЩֻЩźϧҺС岻ܰ㣬ί
һ£ͻȻЦʲôүңⲻҪȢ޶ȴȥǺүҪȢλǸƵģֻҪʵʵӶȻˡ

»ûκǿ֮ɫչüͷСҶҲõǣС֪أúչԼӣС忼˹Ȼܿġ
ţҵСЦŵͷ

ȽﰲסʱŸϽǣųһͤǱ߸ϡ
ǰأԶɾȻˣС˵ԶģϣСǱϹźá

Ѱ˼꣬ͣ£صӰżִϢ˽
ƼԶЦЦɫĪЩ顣

Ϊˡҧҧ
ԶߣǵߣǴţƤֵüûȥ롣

ҰС˲Ǻ죬˵ʱСģ˶ôôѽ
ֻΪ˰˵ģչǼƣʵŵˡҿڵԶ͡
Զɵͷûţ

źүỤѽҲ˼ش
ԴǿеӽеԶ̹٣ղűұŵЩ߳ŭҲȥЩ

̲סҵСԺͷ˵˵ܻˡ
͵͵Ʋ죬÷ͷˣĶѽ֮

ϹѰ˼ʲôأԶɲҧҧ㲻Ǹ˵ҪδӣһȥҪǱֲãȥͽ̫㡣
ҸϽͷգۣүģ֪ô

ԶߣĿ˵ˣСɾӵĴ׾ǲҶָ
ҲûȢСǣŵҲСίֻǻȥҪúһ˵Сǡ

ͤһŴѿ¥򸮵Ůǣƽ岮ҵŮ춼ڡ
ûţ˭ʶֻվȥ

ֻԼΪĵģʵһɫĽװ磬ǽòе쾡£ź󲻹Ǹĵҷ˻ǹǣء
ǻãȫͬټʸŶ˷Ƶϲ̨ĳࡣ

ٻžЩպˣҲĵò仹ûټҲûҺãһͲ
ǿվ¾͸ݣ˵λǧĵȻܳɼǺܳġ

ҷ˵⣬˾ûɫġ
ֹסŮΪȴǶãȻòЩׯȴϲӡ

˼ת䣬Цſڣ֪սλļҵŮ죿ǴδЩء
˳ŴЦǰڣǸղŻ˵أǼķˣ˵ǽг棬ƽ䣬Ҳȵʱ򡣡

ҵķЩգʲô뷨ֻӦģƽǸصˣǴ˭أ
ЦݹҲסźٿȻվ˵ЩѹסĻȻŽԼҳ棬ǾͲﰭˡ

˵ǣļҲûнҳ˵ĵ򸮵ĹصʡҲվ
ֻƽ岮˴ӲΪٻҲţ޲ܺôˣһңܳҲʰ

ϼЩżҴˡ
ǽ̫֪Ϊҳ֣˺ˣΰҲ˵Ҫ̫ô͵Ĺ䡣




43.   43    һң

ͤΧǻʼ԰, ռĹ㣬ֻһͤӣһҶѶ£ܱߵͲһ̨ͤ¥
Զ¥, ¸, Ϊͤý, дб, ģЦ̸

ǹŹصͬʱҲܽдĸŮøЩ
οգһ滷ˮͤڣ綼εա

棬ϵǺܿŭ, ֻǼҪźߡ
һҪȥκһ;Ҳ¡˲öϷƢ, ֻɫ

˳ЩֻŷĶɫҵĶ, ֻͷһ˳, ȥ˰ϡ
ϵûʲôɫЩʱڳܰ԰ײ, ȹȥ, ϶ŹϢС԰綼Щ޾ɵӡ

˺ѾҪЯֳţ̧ͷڣ, ɷ˵䣿
üǿ˵ţżٸߣҲûƽ׽˵һȵĵ

檴򽻵ֲǻ׹еңƽ׽ݡ
ǰϥ񣺡˵ǣֻ̫ķԸҲΪ˸̫ǸǴ˹żңЩᡣ

ü˵
ֻǿЦЦʲô˵ɡ

ﲻݣҲܲƷھ̫ӣο³򸮣Ѿûиõúѡˡ
˵񲻺ãڴܣչбȺչ˼ңǡҲἱ溫࿴뵽һɬ

ȶź񹧾ʩ˸ųź̫ϲţ򸮵֪ЩģȻؽ֮ãҪгЩŲû˺ĺ

ϾȻˣǹƸδ޼ң֮ûüԪĸң֮ϺΪ󣬺һֱܺá
˵£ֻܲϱޣֻû˵͵ʱ򣬽Ҵ̫ҲǸ档

ôһ˵Ȼһɣ̹࣬ﶼ˵ϲ⣬ת䲻ԾͤǱɨһۡ
ֻǳ⣬ɶȽϸˣٻţ޵ӶҪʻˡ

ϱЩ΢˵ĻǶԵģֻǽλ˵еﲻ

Ǹ˼ģǰס˵£һֱ֪ǸĶĽ㣬ǰû˵ĸԽѾͷģûģҲû˵ԭ

ЦĶܹ㣬ʵ̫ǡ

Ҳɫ溫˺ͺϲ裬лŹؾص񣺡ʵ˵檺ͺүҶ̫͸үģҲ֪ͷֻǲдԵ֣ˣŽ˺С

˵㣬Ȼ˵ǽǰݼĸ˼
֮Ҳ˵϶ˣзϸȻŮӵġ

˿֮࣬˻ЩңȻ̬ȹǫɫʵ̫ʢֺòֲҲѲ
ٻͻȻڣ˵и߶ôƯ𣿡

Ծü

Цݲ䣬ȻͷүźȻҪЩĸλСˣ֪ϲ̨档ʵ̫֣Ǻүϲǰģү˵Ҫ˾ٰüɵ˴š

ɫ죬ס죬漴С˺죺˵⻰檲˵̫ԸҲԸģүϲǴ檵Ե̷Ը̷ӣܲ˺ү

бͤϵĵԶ̲סüС˵˵ʲôأ˵Լһ̶ٲ˵ԼϲڸǰĻ
̷ӣһ̷˭

ûʲôҲ֮УСͦ˵
ͺͻֻͷһﻰʲôûŵҲʲô˵ˣҲûлû֪˶Ѱ˼Խڴһ

Ҳ⣬˵Ļ֪Ǽ٣ǰͷͲã˵Ļмֿĵġ
ô˵ǸϵģҲŮиʱܴЩȻǺãǲܴˣֺĸܹȻҪЩ

ͷһֱɫźý̹˺бĻʱȻ˭ûҵӰӡ
Ҷһۣ˶Щۣ˾ʮŲͲһˣλ

Һмֺɸֵ˼̵ôãµԶɾǴڼװһСأ
ص̫عȻˣҲҵһһС

úӣȥźǺүɣùһˡȻĲϾûǵҶˡ
ҹ£صīԺǰԺſڱסˡ

ҵɴ۾ųʳڣͽӽõĻޱͺ˳˵ϲۿҲûԷ㣬ûԸóš

ңЩ벻ף˳
ҽȥһе룬󳣺

ϸľЩ˵ˣ˭ȥˣūҪʮ˭Ҳ治ˡ
ȻôԸģʵ֪ǳĻܾ˵ôɧ

εصۣûӣֻܴŴѿԺȥ
ߵһҲû̫ĻִŴѿīԺߣſԶɳ

ôûˣ׼һˣԶɫġ
ίرͣôأ

Զߣ㻹вҵ¶ѳ˵˵ſڿӣǿ̫Ժģ϶Ҫ㼸ӡ
檶Ϊ˺үѽұбɵӣͻȥʡˣ̫檸˵źȥһˡ

˵ҲѿˣŤԺܣû˵Ҫô
Զۼֿһѽסʲôܳ𣿡

ǽһȥʡܾеΣգɤͻȥ㣬һú÷ʡ
ԶЦˣ㣬ͷ˵ֱӽ˴ᱧԺߡ

ʹѿЩɵۣҪôֻгޱٴȷϣͷҪǻһϹ˵˵
ɵرĲǡҪʲôѽ

ʡҪѽĪƨЩʹ
ǻûţֲǱ㡣Զ

ֿʼˣԺҡҪ๧ֿ
ЩͷԵңСźŵԶţһԲߵųʴѿ˵ү˻û

ѿרעĳش𣺡ūҲ֪Щ֪ˡ
˳Ŵѿȥ˲Ȼ

ȥԷڴ͸ɫӱ¶ſĴ




44.   44    ֲ𣿣һ

Ҳ֪Զɺ̸̫Щʲô, ʱ磬ϴ׼ϢˣͻȻŷ
Ҿסˮɫ°ڣԶɴ粽, ĪЩš

ү, ôˣ

Զֻվڴ, 谵ȥҲûСѷɫ, дζȴս
īԺﵽãԶ˹ԼѣĿȴһһˮɫ̿Ѳӡ

ϺñɫҲѶãܾ۾ѡ
ֻി׳ӵº󣬵ԶڴϣҲż, ֻԽԽȵĶɫ׻

ĸ뺫£˵˴󹦣
ҧ飬ɤ˲ֹһ㣺Ƕ𣿡

ԶߣֻҪϱ˵, ôҪҰͺȥ
ҾסҶĴ֣˵

Զ, Ĺ, ͻȻʣôúС޸ң
ʶ˵ͷȻһ£ӵ̧ͷŵԶ, ת, ʣȢ𣿡

ʵǳǰ˼ңΪϸԶ㲻úõ˵ס
ϱҵ޲, żȻС˼ȥס

λŴСϥ£ɱѾõ˹οϣţ˺ǰ˵ĹҷһͿͲ衣
˭֪λӾȻԺһβڸʳ־˼Ȣȥ

̩֪ںֿǣﻰκΡ
ʱĺȻȴʵȨǿӲӦҲֻ޲ߣֻܸϽ溫˵ףͼöֺݱ֮ǰ޳Ŷ

ϱһǺ֪¶ģʱīԺŴ£ҲӲԶ
ֻ֪λҵС㺫ǱȸĴӶףӲãûúͲˡ

Ҫ游Т꣬ڼ˵λͷ绨ѩ£ϵ潼˱ȶԣûТ˺
Ҫú޹ҲǿλС˵ܾһԸиĸ

ҪǣţҪТ꣬Ļᡣ
̫ǸᱳˣԶɶʮˣܲûûкӡ

Ǹٶ˷Ĵҹ㣬ĬӼǰ϶¶

ԶסĪңķżָӣ飬ƺЩˡ
ǰԶЩɣǲҲЩ

ʵǣϾҸǸһĵط̫࣬˺޵Ҳļ
ǸңԶԼƲסʹʶȥҵĹ֮µΪʵǽ˺Ӳá

һݣǿŲ¶⣬ֻǷɿۿ׳ŵӸԶɶӣҲ֪ΪʲôֻĪЩֱ檾áС㶨Ǹĸֻ޸Ƽĳ谮檲̫࣬ѵΪԼ·𣿡

û¶ЩԶ˵΢ʱҲֱ
ҲҲһʾΣɹ֮ϲڤڤ֮עЩԼҲδ֪

ҳҡҡͷǵûУһþͲϲ檣Ҳ֪Ầҡֻںַʱֱѹᷢܲõ飬ǿҵĸоӶĵۣǿѹЩʧ־

Ȼ֪ԶҲΣ֪һζ˵ѣȻᱻϸ˷ԡ
ܿ϶ػһ¶үȻҲǷëǣƼ˵Ҳ±Զɲ𴩣Ͼûӵļ䡣

ԶɶСףʶ󰲸ȴȻȷ١
ҲԸ룬ĻǱȲԶɵģʲô¶˼

첲ϵԶɵĲյߣľúСͦõģҲѡЩĸīԺҲ˵òã

Զ˳Сڷ֮䡣
ǾͿı֣Ҳʱúúøˡ

Ҷһ£ʹϾ㡭ʲôʣѽ檱˼
ԶȷסӻλסխСķأ¶һַüƽϵ׮׮Զɶжһ㡣

Ͱ͵ұƵýڽڰˣĶ󲻵ֻܵ-˵Լί
ԲƵڸ߿գȾĹԣ΢΢ζΪĶӡ

»ˮɶǳţľôˡ

ڶյѹʱλεĴ̫͸΢΢ŵĴڵϣŸջϱɴӣεΡ
Ĺ̲ס͵ͽгѿæź

ӣū澡źݸˮɺãѿǳǳĺۼЩ졣
⻹һԷӣǰīԺǳͳţҹһ⣬ǶֱӶó档

ҹ˲úߣֻŶʣʲôʱˣ˰ӻЩģڹ⡣
գ˳óͶˣԺֲأֺóĻݣū澽˸ʡѿߡ

ˮ̲סһЩż¶ѱ͹𣿡
ѿˣðŲ˵

Һ棺㻹أ˵ʲôģ

үԸ˵ǲȱ庮Сﲻѿ󣬺ūϸ˵ˣ˵ǺүҹѹˣˡǶײеġ

úͿѹôǵã
ֻǵԼ۵ҪǱԶɱֻ򵥲ϴ˯ˣǰѹôҲû䰡

ѿţūô֪ȥʺү˵иѨλϸϼ١ŪүġͶ˵ġ
ѿ˵ļѣӴιһδĹʲôȥԼ㲻ףҲ֪̫˵¶ô˵Ϊˡ

˯źƺЩţʱ˵ˣѿ۷¶ҲʵЩûš
Ϳ쵽ŵʱ򣬵ʰˣһžͿԶϣõĺɰ

Ҳϲӣ´ɰػӥɣɺͷҲԶɿЦ
Ա㣬ԶƢ˲ֹһ㣬վſڵĳ϶ż⡣

ѿĻֹסЩ̣ڰյԶߣָͷСллүϧ
Զһʼû˼ֻƼҵƤӺ۵ý˵ʲô

͵Цҧҧ⣺Ҫлңеʱ򡣡
ﻹء

ȴѿҲ˳ȥԺҲĥһҪпôѽ
Զбһۣ㲻үã

ҪС㶨סգ۾֪̽˲ã檲ү鷳
ԶЦЦַ׼Ȼ֪ˡ

ɫ죬Զɲ˹Уʱ˵ҪȢСˣ
̲ס˵ô࣬Ҳû԰

˵˵ûϢӣֲĶ⣿




45.   45    ô򣨶

ֱù, ԶҲٸ˵飬СԾԾҪ·ϵģԶﷸûЪζ, ǻǰԺ

ôð졣
ѿһ͵Ц, Ъ, Ͻ⣺տɾʡ, ҲҪ˰ɣū˵ǿ񲿹Ժء

ԴˣЩҲڿͷҳѵ°ڶӺ˵ģһĸ˴ʹѾߣ÷͹ȥ
˵Ŵѿǽߺү֪, ҾͰͻȥ

ѿϽӦ£ЦӸںүҲټ, ͷѵģӷֲ֡

ǵС壬Ҫ֪ϱӵοƿȻֻ, ǹԺƽò, 񲿿ͷĵط
ǵض䣬ˣϻ, ˵˵, ζõܾȥľ֮ܽ˲

ϱСӹԺ, Űʱû岻Ӱ˷ӣһٴβμʱȴûܵȵŰ͡
ϴС壬ÿͶ˶СۿСɫϣܼſ꣬۲ˡ

Զ߰ʱ򣬾ȥá
ôͿǺˣϼŶӱüЩ𣬡Ƿңô࿼ǿǣٺò׼ңҪ

ĸףԶδϣ˵ĻԸ뺫С㶨ףýţٰ콻ˡ
һЩָæǰ˳

Ϻڲ裬Щ棺ôšˣЩҪ׸ҪƵġ
ԸˣԶЦⲻǾúܿҲôҪ˲һ顣

Ķһ֪۹⡣漴Źģвף
ϾΨһĶȢޣżҲȢŮ˽Ŷ

ԶνЦЦûʲô¶ֵһᣬᵢ£ҪЩʱյġ
ҲǴˣԾֻ֪飬󲻹һŮټĹ£ֻϧټնҲǹŻ

ĸ׼ȥֻɡǽҲί˹С㡣
ʵԺйһֱΨһ׶ϱܲί

ԶʹӦ¡
תͷõʱ򣬵Զɱųţһ·Ǳȥ

һ·̣˿տĵطŲӣŵ˶˦ˡ
ţȥֻ㡣ԶɵԸ꣬һת˷򣬳ŲԶɽµȥˡ

ΪҪ̫ɽŻԶһţ٩
üֲǴϱ߾ϣõôѾô

ﵭȻΧģǱԶϵԶ˵פȴ˭֪ھ
ҵûҵҲЩüĿˡԶ鲻䣬˵㲻񲿵¶

ԶԶ鵽ϢЦЦҹܲרȨ㣬㲻ϣǱô죿
ԶѾ˿ס죬ܹЩ¶

ԼҹҪңʲôûɣԶʵ
Զŷ̧ͷҪ֪ǴӺζ֪飬Ӻ֪ϻ塣

Զɲ˵
֪㲻ԿԶƽ岮Ϣ㻻Զ֪ԶɵĵУͲ֪㸮ж̽ӣ

ԶЦ˰ɣǶңפĽҲֲ˺ãҲҪܸ㣬㻤Լûŵˣ

Զޱ飺罫ܡ
ŶຣפҲùܣԶڿϣöӷϣһߵĵط

ԶľЩı飬üŵԶɣ㻹Ƿ飬֪ңҲϲҡ

ḮնʱຣңҪ÷ѣܲ鵽ȻҲܡԶɲӣô֪Զ¶¬Ҽ¬޽㻹ǵ𣿡

ԶЩɣ¬޽Ƕӵˣ

ƽ岮ǸƵģϧ󣬼ȻԶҪǰӣҪ̫ӣȻҲŹӡԶɽֻͣһϣȥϣǸԶͼذʱǱֲԣ˭ò׼ʥ˻ΣиһǶס

ԶĬ
Զһö裺ԷģزͼѾҸᰲȻ¶Ҳʥսҵı¡

ǼйҵΣȻ¼û磬ʲô֪Ѿǰ˺üܲôȫ̸û

ԶݣҲңԶŵԶɵ
ǰʥĪ̫ӣԶϻʥǰȥƽѣԶֻǸͲЩԾֻķȥ롣

ֵԶɫ䵭ʲô֪̫˵Իᴦ
ԶҲɫҲʲôƣвຣ磬Ҳվɰ

֪ˡԶ
㸮ˡ

ԶȻҸ¶ˣ㾡뿪ɣûôȫ
˵ԶɱŶ

ȻûͬѰѫ˼˵ǰƴǼΣýţ˵򸮵˼̾͸ԷԼãѸٸ˸
һʡ˳еŲֵĽûӰӣһСҲ˲١

򸮶ʱ߶һûվͽ¶
Ȼ˼ثģǰҲΪѵԼ̫͸˵׶

ϲŲںź˵ָԶ裺ϱ϶ˣȢôõĺӣɶĸҲ֪ɶĸ׸ϹһͬɽϽɶ̵̫Ϊ֮ɶţҲʥ˿أΪףҲƽ¡

⻰ɴ׻ܺö˴λҶӾͷԶȱҵ̫̫Ҫ̩ƥҲ׮һš

˵ϻ˵ЩЦɺҲǷ˲٣ΪˣҲҪλ̫Ϊû˸
˵ĸȥ磬ƷھϷҲΪչˣҲǶиöӡ

ԶɼΪŮ˵ͷĶ࣬ɾ⼸νӴǾͷԹʵˣԵԶɣûʲôġ

Ц˺ˣ˼˺һзǰͷīԺŰĹ˽˹
ǺүҪף˵ϻûź򣬺үֻһϽվ˺һŲ䲻ȵ




46.   46    ϱͶ̥ģһ

ҽű, ̫һ֪̫Ҫô
ʣֻ˳ͷ̫ĻҲնźүүײϲԺڸǰ֪ġ

ֻŲյ˵, ҲֳɵСź, ֻǺүЩ, ӿ˽, ϵ¶ֻ¡ǻû̽

ԶĴĻ˼ش㿴Σ
ɫȻ檲˵ýīԺ㾡ź, ܲˣ˵ʧʣҲҶʡ

Ͼõе
ֻͺ֮ǰͻȻҼ, ˵࿴գȥﻰ˼ֻµԶɴҳȥˡ

溫˵, ˭ҶԸи̫ܳ, ûг޵¶ҲǷǣϲôҡ
ô˵, ϵǲüߴٽҲź

˼˻, ֻ֪⺢һǸصģںԺﲻʵĲǶԵġҲ֪үոС㶨ףǰҲ, Ժҿɲͷ˵򸮼լҵ˼ɣ

ҹԹԵͷף̫ģһر֡
ôˣһصԷͽдѿȥ

Ӳմû򲻴ðɣѿǵʣ㸮ҵĻ̫
ɫݣûϵ̫̫ģȥɡ

ȴԺѹЦŵݳȥƺɰǵÿ߲˶·Ķģźү͡ǺԵʣ

ϴźӣϳɣҲ벻ףţװ
˼ŵŮˮ͵ǳ£Ѿģ뼾ڷ㣬ЩҲġ

ҵͷЦݲ䣺ÿÿźүЩЩںүǰ˳᣿ǲͣһʱźЩ
ϴƺɰ;Щ̣Щ̡

ͲǸȵʣ⻰˵ӴźǸ֮ʣӳŮȻҲģͺϣֻҪˣöкôġ
ֻҪүǶǿ׳ļŮź겻飿ǲȥү

Ϊѣ⡭ϼҲݣС֮ǰٸ²ķӣ£֤֢֮ᡣ

ȻҪ£ͣźԺܸõźү𣿡Це漴ӣЩүնףҲҪδĸ뷨׽һ̫Ǹսҹȥʹүء

ϴŶˣ̫Ҳôˡ
ǰͷҲ˵ܵģȻǽλҲĸ׵Ļ

ͷҲںأǰЩʱñ٣˸ӣǲϸֻʱվҪӰ
Ц⼫ˣл˵ʵ鷳ҿµҩˡ

Ĭϴ򣬴ѿڰǸװæµǲϽš
˵ʵղӺʹĶԻ°ͶҪˣԽͷƤԽ顣

ҿɲԴеˣɽȥɽʰƿӳ䣬ߵѿߡ
ѿ㡭

ѿŴŴеȷķࣺӣū澰ɣ⻰Ҫū澴үֻ»ͷū澾ҪǨȿȣܷ
գ۾ҵѾߣôȥүء

ѿ迴
Цø޹ЩһģӦõİɣǶź˵ģҪùأѿ˵ǲǣ

ѿֻԼһӣŽִģӣԽԽֵܺү谮ӣλͺϸһ·ˡ
Ҳܴѿô˵꣬ͽдѿԷĴţϨ˯˹ȥ

⣬ҹͱˣȷʵֻ࣬رȣʱ治Ըź
ģŴǷûŴ˵һ赲ԶɹЩɡ

Ҳִ˼񣬾ǲϿ
ԶС֣ұȸīԺʱܳ˵⣬ѵû˵ط˫Сֽϲý

㲻ǲԶɽȺĸС־˵ŻĹһڿϡ
Щίﲻź򣬻𣿡

ԶüεԸҪСĸʲô
ΪڳԴף˵ʵĪ˼صĻϲ

Ҳ϶ǸĸίˣҲ֪ͤΣڸҲһֱַź򣬼̫Ǿûãȥɾλ
ͲˣԶ٩

ҷĶأΪűҲãⲻɴúý㷴ʡҲڵط𣿡
ԶĪ͵Цӱͷͷϣǳ׼һǰɣ

ҽͳǵọ̈ͨҲǿˣԹԷס˿˿ģ֪檣檲Ų鷳Ҳѽ
ŶԶǱëЦ۵ң

ߣҲܹˣʲôˣ
㲻ϲȱһ뷨ӡԶıǼ⣬ֻУᣬȴҲԶķ·ве룬Ÿ˵𣿡

ҳĬſϣðһ
ԶɴǾõ¶ƣɲΪ

ҪӵԶɴ·Σ̫ܵý̫ĳ⣬ӡЩУЩͲؽ֪ˡ
Զͷæһ죬ԸźҲǿģ˯ɣæţջҪ𣬲㡣

û˵ַӵ˼תţһ˯ȥ

Զɲû˵ѣЩæÿ½ڹ󣬱ԴǬйԱ̽⡢˵ʱ
Ҫǲղ˲ذյĿڱһЩ⹦͵Ĺѫʥ˳ѫĽӡ

ЩԶɶ־ˣÿմ󲿷ʱҪ򸮺֮䣬ϸ洦е壬æòɿҲø˶Ļᡣ

ٻͤ󣬵ڶͿ޿˹֪뺫ͼǶûü¶̫죬ǲ֣ܶȴ¶˺ۼ˲

Ϊ鲻˺Щʱգ㺫ûվӣ׵ҪԶΰڴڳ˵Ρ
ôż

˵ףûд飬ôżǺĵСҲʲôûҪԺж
ü˼ñȽ򸮣ԶС

һ᲻ءôҾôһϱԵĺӣѵôȴƲ˵δҵĵС㣬ѲɻȲûɻʺ˼ҵĵС㣿
ԾЩͬΪˣ

ʥȥ̩ɽҪΪ¶ȴǳûģöĸӶһӡ
¶ֵ⣺浽û׳ıˣͷĺǰʥѾ˿ڣ˵ǴóϦʱҶʥ˱ȼ硣

ѾȷˣϦ磬ȻǺߵɣǻʺ󣬱ԲʥƽƽҪڴ̨ͷʮ궼ˣÿδ¶úܡ
ࣺǺ¶ɸˣ˵ﵹǲ£ҳΪӣаЩ

ĸ˵¶죬ҲõôáЦЦ򸮵ĶҲöһˡ
棺ĸҪʲô

Ů˵¶ȻҪŮ˵ķһۣЦͱˣҹͷҪ

ֻԶҲٺòʱ

ϽҩϣԶڣԶöõĹԲʵƽ岮ûϵ
īһĿǰûжֻҪƽ岮жǵ˾ܶ֡

ԶصͷǱߴſ˺һ
ǱԶ춯

īһҡͷǱߵפǶӵˣƽ岮׹ϵ̰۵֤ݽȥԺԶֻ˶ฮûбĶ
Զ˼⣺ԶһֱӶ࣬ȥϣҲ֪ʥģǽ˴Źȥж

īһͷʣʥ˵Ƿ񲻳ǲȥ½Яһͬǰ
ԶЦЦ˵ӣھŹû˼ģȥߣ˵ӷ羰ǲġ

īһȻΪ˷ԸҲֻǳĬŵͷӦ

նϸ˿ļЩһӹһ̬ƣҲһȹһա
Ų³ʱԷѾ˱ȵһ̤ȥ

رȣűҲһͳƫظǰЩҸºǰĵطͺġ
ӣȥ仨԰ءѿͷ߽ǰŴ̫ţСһ㺹

ĽˣҪһݾͺˣٵĺôһ࣬û
ѿԶԣǰٿԼмֲƽڳ

ԴѿֻЦзȥ˵ǣ˲ϡǣƺүи˵ػɫˡ
޳ϡأ

ҹﱻԽԽĵطֹסЩ죬ϵȴһ㶼Ȥ
˵˵ηȣЩ˵ɡ
ѿһϵӣūô˵ˣֻ˵⣬ԷһƷҲ˵˵л

üЩ̫ڻûźȴһ̬ʼֺԼ˵ͷûй˾Լš
ǾͽɡЦЦ˵Ҫλʲô

⣬Ű˽ʳУԷ
ϴЦȴҲ㣬ҲӲ˵˵˵ôãÿƻˡ

ҵЦӭⲻǷ˴ԷûٻԲŶ
һ˿ΪȻ֪أүͷԷ㣡

ޡ
ϲ֪ʲôر߾ûų˽ɾӵĶᶼ˸׶졣

ŵؿںüնÿϸҩ⣬ðźõūŸӳȥ˲̽Ȼ֣һ춼˵ϾҲûôɾ
ǴιСĽ࣬ÿʵʵԺﲻȥֻЩź

û뵽ûܵȵźȵӵĴ
ԭֻź򣬳ûƽ岮С뷨͸͵͵֮ȥһݶӡ

ü¶źϻӻأû뵽δȻ˷Ը
ȻԭȻڣǰᶼźС
룬һƲʵûӱҲǸӡ

Էһֱһ˺ȣۿŶˣµӴ¶ʵЩȲ
Ѱ˼ҪкλСûҪһֳȥױסǽһǰͷͷ̽̽ǳźá

УӵķԸнûסӣԼźĻᡣ
ŷķߺޣæҴսˡ

ƽ˵ģ˲֪īԺ˭֪ү۰أҲ֪Ȳýģб뷨ֻܵýϼ֣Ҳи˵˵ͺˡȵҵ˵

һ֪ԼŵĻᾹȻᱻţЩڡ
ɫĹֻǳЦÿ˵ʵڵģҲȣŴŵ͵ʵڲҵ˵۰үعصġ

˵۱ȡȻ֪ôɣ£˵˵һġ
Ϻ޵òɫ˽ӣǳ޳裬˵ֻء

ЦҪУ̫ܲݵ
ô¶ЦݾЩڼߵİˣ㳢

˵겻ȶ֣ԼһƷӦûԭζòˣ
ҵȥеĵģСĴֵĵطһƷߺƳɣЩԻӲǺʱҲϲԡ

վտǲʵ˵ͷ϶ֽţԼ顣
Ҳ֪һһԼԵ𾢶ҩްֻǻƻЧŮӹǵĸжѡ

ĪÿˮģеģϱûԶٶҲʵЩˡ
Ե㣬̲סųûһͰһ˸ɾ

Цǽ˭ҲЦ˭ˣҴСͺø֮û뵽ȻҲйͬãԺҪЩóԵĹˡ

̣ɫ˺ࣺܶñʱɨӭ
ˣһЩͷԣŤͷŽһֱĴѿ˵׸ˣ

ѲֺóԣҲ֪ͷʲôûݵĿζŹζûǵ塣
ϳԵÿ죬ʳưٸòãš

Խ˵ѿɫԽĪм飬Ծɤӣ㡭ôˣ
ѿûūûãǰͷž˼أ˳ԵͲǵʲôҳԣ⣡

ڵĶԵģͳȥһĹ򣬻ӾͿˣӻǣ
ӻ˵һ¶ĪϱͶ̥ģ

ϱҳԵĻ࣬ʲôҵͣŲ죬ܲ˹ҩôġ

㡣ԺſھѿµĵԶţҵӺ޲ҧһڡ

˲ĭӣ檴ˡ
ѿ̲ס·ϣղסۡ





47.   47    جĺϲȵһ

һֱ, Զɶûٿڡ
ʵǲ˵ʲôϴ˳ֻûȽϺãȻԼ

սս, 벻, λӺúý, ӹǶٺû, ʲô
ɨһۣ˵Ǻûث³̰ƫŵԶ鲻̧ͷ

ΣԶɳʡ
ΡΡͷغүĻӽǰתֻŮǳ£Ҫٽ֮

Ӱ˵, ֮һ˼û⣬˵ûҲûõĶȥŵͶˡ
гߴ, ԶӶҿѿͳ˳ȥˡ

ЩڵŲŲطյԶɸǰ˺үЩʱ, ЩӸоö, ǰҲԵʲô𣿡
ʲô˵ǣ˭͹Ķ㶼ҳԣԶε

үǲݲף
ԶЦЦ˭˵ݵ¶ˣɲǵø

Ҵ, ںүô, ô˵ùȥƲ飬ֻЦŵϢ, ÿⲻ
Զһûһҵ󱳣ȴǾЩԾ

Ȼϵǲ˵ģͬԶְŵ˷һ˼򵥣زͼԭȲ鷿שµİû֪Զָ޴֪顣

ͼȴʧ٣ֻ˵ԶֱֵʣԶ֪Զ׾ֻԲõԶı㡣

Ͽƽ岮¶񻹲ϵĿģҲܿ϶ǲǶһɵֱʣǵЩ˶ŷԺ߶ƫû뵽СҲ

үʲôأһѣʵͷǷŰ˰ɣʳϸңСǲˣ
Զɻع񣬱̸ܶ㲻ǶˣдѿŰɡ

סֻΣ͸ҰɣܵסҾǵСӣǿɼȥˣܻܲȥǣ
˵ԶɵһۣȥҲǲУ֡

ɿ֣£ѽöѿȥš

ԶЦˣСֺãĸ׵ǽ˼κö
ɵźʱ򣬸ͳͷȵëʼ˾ܣܲͿޣԵý˺

ʰɣһرе
̫ƽ֪Էҿû·ˣкãɿЩʱգý̫÷ֶīԺѽ

ԶնīԺƿؼϣȻĴôȥĻΪҪĻϲˣīԺɢʱãֻܲô

㲻ǺŶֲԼڣţԶɱ˯̲סĦ

ȣűҲǵżֲ˵
Զû뻳տţﻹССסھԺչء

һƱ£ȥôͲ׼Īί˵
ԶɳĬ

˵ѽСôˣұԶԶһЩӷˡ
ԶɱҸ㱣֤Сֻǡڿױգ˴γɼˡ

ۿ̲ס죺ܣС䲻ʲô֮ܣѧȴһֱʵţ̴С̵СҪǵΪ֮С岻顣
С˵޾Ҫ޳ԶΣֻܴս˵ʵ飺ҲˣСüãоʱ˿Ρǵ˵·ˡ

£촽˶û˵ʼȻԶ˿ˣΪ龹ȻûܱСأ
Ͼ˵Զ¶˼˾޼ɵ

漴ףԼǸңڸ̫ţֲ򸮵׼ңûе⻰

ĬĬתǽ߱ۡ
Զ̾ѻ˵ףǿͰ͵ӣﲻýЩʱԽԽԶù⸱ĬĬίģ

ĸ˵ʲôԶɴӱסϸʥңԽǲ̫ƽˣ̽Ҳ֣СһӷΣա

ס˵ȴԾ
ֻ˴˴γɼûвٿСѾ˵ˣٿǣܿÿͱˣ

˻ҲɤСʣΪβȥѽ
ȥԶ֪̾СôãЩʱվȥȸ̫ƽЩţ

Ӱ࣬תڵԶձ£лү
Զ˳ǵͷСôȵĻţ˯žˡ

ԶɿЦã˵ô࣬СԸԼΪȣ
ݺҧҧĶ⣬ڻ˯

ԶɱŵȸЩ˶Ժٰҳˡ
ûȵڹȴͻȻجģҹͻȻûˡ

һ˽ȥź򣬾ͿɥһţŽ򸮱
ϲյûסô˵ģǰЩʱղúõģôͻȻûˣ

˵ļ£ѹ촽ϵġҲ̾Ϣüͷһţ˵ܳТȢţǺүʮˣ۵Ȳ𡣡
ҲͷӣʶۣЩȥ֪ͨɶһ˺ͷ˼еҲЩƤӣҪТ£ɲס

ֵͷūȥ

ҵ֪Ϣʱ򣬶ˣ쾮Ȳ죬ͻȻϲȵڻǿʯߴߴؽУѿдҴҽš

Ƽѿɫÿɫ쵽ŹҲûȥˣæš
ҵͷϣͼѿյߣӣ̫ȥء

˵ʲô¶ʡ
Ƿ˹Ŷû˵ʲô¶ѿҡҡͷ£ū˵ûˡ

΢ȻЩ󲻾ɡֲϲȵأ˼ϽѣҴҸȥá
̫밲ҽžƼҲڣֳϥˡ

ҲຮѣҽҲǱ¶Ǹϲ£īԺɶϲ˲֣¶һСҲġôǸϸģҲ֪ŮԺôޣЩĸʰʲôҪĶֻܸ˵һӦīԺԺӦš

˿ϥǣ֪ˣү
ɶһ˵ϵ᲻صôңǰһֱĺܺãҶǸõ׼صģĸǰֵĺʱɱʧ

ҹͷǣʡã檶úð£̫ġ
ģϱȢýȢӿ϶ǲˣû죬š




48.   48    һ߳ȥ

ԶֱҹŻظ, ȥϢ
źϱۣԴͷ, á

֪, ϹȥԶɫȻ, Դ, ֻ
鷿ڴŵԶ鰸ϼ۵֣ЦЦ˵㰸С֮

Զɵģ̫Ӻ̫ô
±ҭùǺûߵ齱£۶Ͳܱһ

Զɲ˵ɫ, Ǹ˵ǰָʹ¶
⼸սſڵĻԱ˲١Զûش𣬡Ϣɱȵͨ

߳Ҳ˵ˣǸʲ֪¶, ˭ܲó
⻰һ˵꣬˶Ĭ˻ɫ˻, ǿԵִЦ⡣

̩Զ˵, Ҳû۵ģƴŽʥ˼ɵҲҪˣǲ֪̩ϻǴɵ
Զ, ˼⣺ռ˸ʮ˰ɣ˵ϸһ, ȨԱҲ˵ùȥ

ߣϺȷʵûһȵùôûκμλĿ, ʥ˲ºЦкδ㣿׼ָʹλӣ
ԶüҲñҳڷУУǸҵľҲδ֪

ӹһֱãЩļʹ붯㣬һܳɵ׼ҹ˵ȥɣüѲǲף
Զɲÿɷ񣺡֪ǲҳףǲҸס

Ȼһ˿˵ǰ½ҪԶǱ飬ȥͨݣҸɶ̸˵ƽ岮ԶҲ߶
ܵõ֧֣һȻûӣ˭£ʥ˵˶붯

֪ʥ̧㣬ƽ岮£ѵķĪڽס˼ȥǱ˵
ԶüûλС㣬˵ԸТǳס

Ǿͳװ񶼿ˡºǺЦ⸮æ˲źóôãȹ˻ʺ󣬹¸ٴЩˣҪЩ⡣

Զ˼Ժķɨһۣû˵
ôɱ߹ҪŮ鳤ѵ࣬ЩҪ֪²λΣķ¶˼ѣձɲֻ˵˵ѡ

Զҡͷǣֻ룬ƽҲÿˡ
̫ź󣬵ƽһΪ̫꣬ȹ˰½ڣɵӡ

̫̲סšüģ̾˿֪ΪҲͷۣҲ֪ùöϲ϶

Զ׵Ĳ۴⣬ܶ£أ˭ң󲻹ҳΪЩҲδԸͶӣʱصЩһ򾡡

ֻϵСʲôãԶ˽Ķסݾߡ
ڻ飿û˼

ԶЦҵȺСТꡣ
üĬ͡

ԶһʱûڣҹֲξͻȻʹͬʰ㣬ĿҪ͸Ű塣
к̩ĴӣǸƽ岮˶׵ͷɵƽһӻͻȻи׵˼

֪ƽ岮ףĪģƽ岮ڴ꺮ʳǰͻȻȥˣȺҪûԤףٻҪТꡣ
Զ֪ƽЩԣԶӵϲΪ֪ȻΪԼŮĻºӵ棬õԶġ

ѾԼ˵ϣӲٻꡣ
δ󲿷йأξתٻĪ˼Ҳ鵽Զβ͡

ʱʥȴ⣬Զֻͬƽףн˲֪̽ʥ˶
λʥ˽˶ʥ˵Ӳȥ

˳ƴӦȢƽԶӣҪԶ̫ȡʱ䡣
˭֪ƽ޹ǰϦ뵽ԶɫȻڡ

ôˣ¼ɫԣֻóʡ
Զû̫ӽǰͷ¶ͻȻʵ̫ӷҸĶӿдã

£Ȼҡҡͷ֪ңҶޱ˼
ǶӿɷҴãԶɵʡ

΢ˣȻҲǵԶɣŵԶס

ɡԶ䵭̫ˣŽǰͷ¶СТӱ㲻ͷԶҲзӵأʱȢ˭̫ǹ׶ۣϷ

»ǲףԶʲôˣ

Զһ仰͵վ
˵ƽԶӵĺãԶԶʾһ˼أλùãʥˡѶá

ͨԶɵ˼ĵǳװڲӣð컰Ŵҧĳ仰
ǿܣ뽫Ѫҡ

ԶɵЦһµҲδܴﵽĿġ
漴˵ʲôԶҹ¶أûȥˣõ鲻Ҫٶ˵ʲôɣ

»أ˦ţſڿԴζɨһۣѸ뿪
ԶߣдֶҲǱ۵ģ̫ҲС

̫ӣԶɲûжɫĳԴʲôֻųȥԷ

˯иоԴ̲ס㣬ԽԽȡ

ָѽɳɤŴŴʵʲôӣ̫Ҫˡ
û˵꣬ȱ̫Ķӳס˽۵Ĵٲ˵Ļᡣ

ûѹͱϽ˸ȵŶϸֻʹʹгͷ̫ˣ޵һҧڵԶɲϡ
ȻԡԶɱ̢̼ʢȴ

һСûı仯͸ûԶĿеڱصá
ȽԡͰҺʳӣˣʲôҲҪôȵˮء

ֱޣԶҲϽˮʰɾѹҵѨλŪôĶűſ˯ŵ˴齡
ҶҵСӡƺૣ૵ýůڵġ

ϧ죬ϡůڵģֻ졣
һ߳ȥˣ

ԶüЦãСʵǱݵ޷졭ãǽɢģ
ڶѹʱѾʱȶţͿ

ˡЦЩӲ˵ȻЩҸЩ÷Ҳ
Դɿĵıѿصܲ͸磬ӶˣٲĹ

ÿֻϺõĲҶ߰ƺõƷʱˮʱӡ
ŴѿֵȺȣÿغȵʹ죬һⶼûУѿŸҽҺȡ

Ͼһ˺үļƻͷʾ⣬ѿΣֻմһ㣬ȴҲȡ
ż÷ζˮˣЦˣʵЩҲźү¶Ҵź̫ʱҲ̫˵

Ц񣺡ԭȲţиܷǣ
ЦЦ˵л䣬ȵŹϲ뿪

˵͹һΣȺүڣҪʲôѽ̲סɻᡣ
ѿ÷ߣҲЩ⣬ػҲûǲ˼´λܱĶͱ

֪֪ˣͦѿܼҵġŵ٩漴¶ˣ̫ҹĸҪסĺԺڸ𣿡
ѿ²ŵүԸ˵زġ

üʱǸԽˣԶɻ㱨ǲǸӵ
˵ʲôأѿ޹գۣЦøԼһɣūҲķԸǵΪŮıֻ֣һѽ

ҵ˵ͬʱڣʵûסˤ˲յ
ٸ˵һ飿õķŸ˵




49.   49    лȫңһ

ĸ, Զľ飬δǿţֻǰĸ˵
Ҳϴᶼ, Ҫ, ˭ҶӶʮų, Ҷôˣ

ҲΪ˵Լһҵ, Ҹ֤֮궨ܺŪꡣԶɵͷϴ
ϷĻԶɻл˼ڲɤ, ҲϨĻȽִ˳ȥһŵʣ̫ӿаաȵˣ

ȻԶܸĳŵʹаܽ򸮼ȥ, ԴȻǲɵġ
Զɵͷ޴˰գҲ񣬱ϾѾӦȢС, ֺη

϶, һ̾˿ɣֻҪûȲ, Ҽס, ԼһҵҪҲز㣬Ҫֻ֪ˡ
Զǿ, Զɻһ֪ԼûзԵأӻʹ

ĶⲻҲغøһĶֵء
˵ɫҲ˵ȻҪΪǺţԺͲֻһźǺúӲ˵ʲôǼȻҪţͲϸ֦ĩǺӵġ

ߣţϱҪ꣬ܲýԼҲֻ꣬һӣȽ˸ͷǰͷĺþͶ׷˹

Զɴӹ˳Ӧ£ĸ׵ģȥҾͽź򡣡
ݵ¶ƤӶ˶Ѱ˼ŶֻҲ˵

ˣ߰ɣʶۡ

ԶɻصīԺʳˣ
ͷ֪ĶŪҩūŽ˿ˣֻõģû

ԶۣϻôģǰͷУ
˶ж𣿡

үճȥ鷿ֹż黭˴壬ȥһ̫ûʲôԾġүƽ岮˸ϴϢСôţǶү

ԶɼɣЩôˣ

ԺСĸƽܳ費ЩʱȴͻȻ˶˲죬жԺ˰ӣȥѪſ첻ˡ˼شֻǽϲδǶˣǰǰһϲŸź˶үūŲ²⣬ֻǿ˲ÿĶǡˡ

Զ˼⣬漴鰸̯ĺԺͼ͵һ
ˣλɽ¶ˮľګ磬һֱڹְλīԺʱǹ˹޵ġ

ùŹź򡣡ԶͻȻڵ
һ¸ϽӦ£ǡ

Զֵ˵ϸԷһյȥ̫ԵĶҲþˮӸһˣϽЩϢ

糣Ӧ£ȥʱ̲ס߶
˵үܺԺ¶Ҳźˣƫƫλӹܵûϸ⵽ɶ

Ƥӣ˭һҲûϱң
ü˵أϱʲôϵɱ˵ϸˡ

͵͵ۣǼĻ˺Ϳһء
һ˶Ů˳ԺģܲǵϱҲͳɻʱûгִ磬˼Ҳֺ֪Է

ҼųΣǻƻľģúõŪ˸˼磬滹˻ҰɫĺƤӡ
⡭ǸҶõĶ԰ɣǿЦŪƤӣͷ˭أ

ޱ飺ү˵ʱ쾮죬ŽзƤӡ
ƤЦⲻЦллүлȫ֡

үԸÿս˸ЩˮãǲҪˡָðıߡ
ñﶼð𣺡Ҫȥʺү˹죬ǹǰɣ

ү˵ʵԷţǰԺɾӵź򡣡
ٸ˵ŤͷŴѿǿ¶Цѿλúùȥ

˵ӾͽȥˣȴѿͻȻƿҳһŽ߷쾮ЦŶԳ˵ո˵ĹˣԲסҺúллүĺ⡣

˵Ųӽš
ѿ񣬳ųĬ°ںãͷȥˡ

ظЩǼƽٽǲ̫˵㣿
У˵үźôúүǹ﷢أ

벻ףѿͲ룬æȥ˳ë

˰ҹֱѣӶûѣקʲôһҧס۸ˣ۸ˡءôô
ԶΣǶӺð죬̾˿ҧסҲҶҲ㡣

ĪͣסżѪζɿһһ߳飺үǽźҲϲϵζ
ǲϲϵζǲϲб˵ζԶЦЦʵ˵Դˣ֪ˣ

ŲˣԼǱ˹ƣŵǶзִ磬Ҳոλүģֻû뵽ԼȻ˵Զɡ
ݵԽûִǲǣԶɿðѪӵ֣ǳ˳飬ûûź㲻֪⣿

죬СʣΪϷܵȫײǣ
Զգȫˣ⣿

ҡĶҲ⣬֪ءͻȻ𶪵ߵĹ˵ǽ߲
Զɼˣһ죬䶯˰Сһǣзִ磬ҲãīԺҵıѳ

Ƥӷ̣檴ˣȵʧ־Ұɡ

ҵģȻŵòᣬԶţ÷Ҳ㣬ĸ׶Ĳ㡣ͷԷԽ𣬱Է˴ѿ˭

һͰ̧ͷ˭Ҳү𣿡
ΪأѲңָҰͰʹҧͣĲźãԶû
ұǼһᣬͷ˵ˡ

Զɼίӣ񲢲ǰοʱֻҵԴ˯ɣͼˣú÷ʡȡʲôʱʡˣʲôʱٳ

˵Զ˵ھͷʡˣûһͱŶˡ
ߣ޲·һΣҲ֪ģţȻ˯ˡ

ѹʱ̫߸ʱ򣬴ѿź
ͷ˺Щ̲סμүˡ

ΣүߵʱѾг˷ԺӣԺŶˣǽ˸СŶѿСĵ
ĪЩѹҲЩ˳˶ʱգôǸľأ

ò׻ЩԼ֪ʲôǻӵʱȻͿˡ
Ҵ˴ԼԴԼ

ѿæסɱ𴸻ʶ÷ʡأȡճȥǣ
Ȼ˿׳ҵǽҪʼԿʲ˵ĿˣίѿԵÿп෽ΪˣҪЩܳɳǣ

ѿ޷ۣɣԿҲаǱֲǽԺʳÿ͹ɱˡ
ҽдѿһһҭòᣬЩƲס




50.   50    յģ

Ҳ֪Զ뺫˵, ˴ŵճлТʱ̫м

ǺԴȥ˾Щãܲ÷磬Ųýɶ, ɡЩ, Ǽ޹ҲҪТ, ҪΪ򸮸, ˵ɶȡ˭Ҳ˵죬ܽڼ꣬ҪллϽ˸öӡ

ﻹأҲԸһӣҲȥһزǣ

ֻЦºͣô˵, ǺͷؼϲǼںίȻ, ҲܣڼЩʱҲãӡ

˵, ֶźǶݽһ, ɶϱصѪ࣬Щú, , Ȳ衣
ȴϵĺ⣬еճӸ϶ͷŰ򸮡

˻, ϲǰŸôɶͽ˷Էĸҿţ
ЦүԸТ͵֣үⲻⲻ𣿡

ҲЦˣ漴Щɣ˵Ǻһֱͦģ˵ҼɶɾôˣҲ̣Ҫ
ҵĺӣͣЩɡִͷĺֺڵҲɸ̯ϸʲôӴ

ϵһۣ漴ҲúЦ
ʱȷʵֶκݣЦģЦֲѪʰʹ˰ɣϲСѾͷڸǰҲ͵ýЦ

϶ôˣЦԼʵ

ɫǸĶģû뵽ֱڣĹˣôǸ檣»нūѾ˵ˣƽ¶û

ϽзִȤĿЦãҲ˼أʵͿˣϾͲǸӴģĽӾ֪ͬⰴƽҵɺ
Ƕүġֵ

ۣ˲ԶΣյغϣ̾͵ҶѰ˼ɣ˸ɶ˵˵飬Ľˡ
ֵͷӦ£ӵԶɲڸ¶ȥһīԺ˵ȽϺá

ԶĶأ
ϵߡ԰һбϣżֵЦģŰ԰ͷƣƹȥǱȶӻҪ֡

ǰ˵ʡ˾ɳ´˼ҵĳ˰ۣʵ޻ȴᣬиʺһޡɢЦŸԶ˵
Զɺ˿ھƣν˵ˣ´񲿴˺Ժǰǿڣ˵ʥλҪְҲʵı

Ǽλ۵£ǺãȴҲÿÿٲû塭˵㸮ĳ˴ҲμʡԣȻˣȥǰд˵ġ

ԶЦ˾ǶһɵмᣬӻҪ̽ƷȲȡ
ӵǸˣʱҶ棬ȤҲͷˣҲֵöһ˵

üҵĿλ£дţҪܿƿҲǲܸ᲻ǣ
ϵΪԶҪȺ꣬ҼãҲû·ӣۿŵԶɰٳ߸ͷԽȲ

»ȷǸвŵģֻҪԸţã˵ûܶһõūš
ԶƤӣЩȤһ˵ҵǴ»£׺ųӵЬ񣬿Ҳе˼֪кμ⣿

̰ͨ˾ָʹͲСˡ̾һ䣬漴ЦЦͨݲ˾һ¼гȥҪ綡ǣ»ãҵǿƼһֻǸƷȴҲѧЩ¡

ԶɳĬ˺һǻѹ򣬹̧ͷдżֹǺͳɵȻǶӺ⣬Ҿлˡ
ˣЦ˲٣ף˵ЩȾƺȾơ

ƹѲɢ˳Զɨûɨǻһۣϡ

صϴȥ˻֬ζ;ŵųԸ˸»˵Ҷ˵ˣȥδԼѡ񡣼ǵߵһ˿ʲô̶ȡ

ӦŤͷŶ
һԳѰ˼ţҲ֪ӸС˵ʲô¶ô֪أ

Ѱ˼ףԶﰲź𣿡
źˣʿԺǰͻߡæ

ԶɵһҪߣϽӣóԴ泣ͷӵ¶
ܵӴЩͷ¶Զɫת䣬ĺ⣬ó׾¶̸ͷЩƹǵ塣

·ȴҲ˵ģū֪ˣЩʱūŶ˵зִ硣
ԶɵͷźԺߡ
ЩͷԣӣȥĶ

ɾλ׿ʿͷȾ̣ԷͬͰ㣬˸СŶ겻ȥ
Ѿҹʱ֣Ǹɶȥ

ԶһۣȥĶø㽻ȥ¡
Ųһ̶ˡ

ԶɵԷϱǽ£š
ճΣ

ԹǻЩûǲսĶ࣬ūŶ˾ˮӺ÷Ƕˡ
ţ˯ʱ򣬽дѿҽŮȥԶ漴ԣֻ֪ҲֻԸ㣬ܷκ飬Ҫĸƽ𣿡

֣عأūƽ
ţ㣬ЩȥЪŰɡԶɲɫɨɢΧİ˵һƮƮԺ

ΪȣԷıֶˣȵԺֻʣʹѿˣɴֻ˼㣬ʲôû
ҲߵԶԶģֻһ߽ǣǿס˶ӣбűڵԶɵС˯

ǰƤĽ£ȵ޽΢΢ʪɫĵıӳС𪴦Խףԣ·͵͵ƿһǵϼѴ--ͼŽޡ

ԶɲǸȵģҹڻ￴ͻȻЩηȣֱ޲ӣ߽СԸɸɾ
ֻǡԶγ۱ڸǵʵĵط﷢ȴ޲ܽϴͱֹߣصĻ

Զɺ޺޵˵ߣŽ뻳еĳ嶯ֻСڷ羰ЩʱүԸҲûӡ

˯ǸоЩ̹ʶһ
ԶɿЦṵ̆ش˷ʢãǿϢ˻ͳš

Ϊ˯磬Ĳֻϴʱǰ̲ס죺ôòأѲɻڳ
°ǰĴѿǰһֶ˵ûֻеĲԣѣ

ҺܿСɲٴˣܣһһûоҪǻڳ
뵽Լ᳤һԴСһİӣСˡ

ѿ֪ҹ̽룬⻰һʱ䣬ģյģģӿͷֱð춼֪˵ʲô




51.   51    ܻ飨һ

ڶһ, Ծиѹźʱ̫Žˡ
˶ȥԺϵ, û¡

˸Ƿ, ǲżͲŮɫ, ޷, »Ǹȱڣ˴Ÿƽ岮ϸˡ
ҲûûʲôĿģǵԶ˰԰ŮˣҪɵԶǷ

ͷ, ˼֣ӣյƽؾҪȥӣ
̲סüһ߳ȥȥˣڲŸңùõ׼𣿡

ҶҲ˵ǿӶԵƽûȥȳ, ûϱӷģֻԴȸĽӡæػͱ˵ģƽǱҲ͹ȥϺõĲҶ͸ɫƥ

, ҾͲȥˡ·
ǰѲͬն, ǰƽ̫ϲںֻ죬Ҫ˱һ֮ء

ĸϾҪΪʺ, ƽȴû˳, ˵ԺദķʽҪһ

չ磬ǵٱһ뻹ǷԸҲóٴ
ƴֶ, Ҳÿʥ˶Եƽʲô̬ȣҲ߲̫죬иһҲ׼

ͷŵĹ򣬵ƽĳѾ˾ǡ

ҪòŵˣһŮͷ˵ƿӱ¶Ż㽿εֻϵͱЩƻʣΪβõһأҪǵڣһܳȥ

岻㼸ƽбڵϣϴż飬ܿ͵ˡ
ƲƲ죺һȺظŮкκÿģͷ֬ǻЩɴͨݿҲ˺𣿡

ƽǲģϣ·;ٳһ㣬ζһҹﻹδɢȤ
ЦЦǽֵźԶˣñ

֪֪ˡ̫ȷʵסˣű
ǰеƽѣֵ̫СȰţݹ˵ǲܲˣֱӽ˾ǣһ·ƽ񱼡

ũŲ˵ӽ׬ãССߺȵֵʱһٿ񱼣̾ǵЩ֮˶˹ۡ
ۿϾҪ̤һũϣ۾գգҪȥ

ʱͻȻһʯӼķһӴϣʹһˤȥ
ֵĿѣҲԼ᲻ˣ£ýЩ˶ֵ¹ѵ

յرһʱҲǺ£ŭһ߿ֵ£˭ôĹ˱𣿡
Զһ֪˭ļҵĿΥˣ

պ޿ȥһ¡
ȻõԶǱӵɵ£ѵŮͣǰõ꣬һò㿡ˣ̲סա

ǰûÿɼÿҲʵ̫ʼϷЩ
ñҲ죬ֻ߰ս£һȺѣ˻⳥ǣ㵹ԸҪ뱲ӼŵĲƸԸҪһ䱧Ǹ

Զ˵ֵ·¶Ȼɫ¶ĿѾﵽתߣ⻰ȥʥ˰ɡ
ιߣû˵أιô󺰼̲סҪ˦ȥ֮ʣֵס˫ȡ

ϢŭǸջؾ¶ȹԻΪϢŭֵ߹ϵʹ˶޳
ƽǰҪ͵Щƫƫ軵ӣԼž֪²á

Ҫ˦ֵҧĪ˹Ĵ¶ǹŭ֪ġ
ԼŭʱӣЩڨڨģﻹջһ˦ֵϣõūţң

˵ǣֵµٶȻ˹

ԶɻصʱѾŵʱ˼ڣžͽš
ӣԶȻͨݣֻǸ漴˻ݵҹԶȥ˵ƽԺӣ컹ʱġ

ԶԾЩģٳԲȥˣԾͷ˿ӡ
Ϣ̫ӡκԶ˷ԸպĹ磬īɫ

̧ͷȵؿһۣŵͷǣūȥ
ȳŶԶǻӿŶģЩԷСҲǻίԸˣɴͷߣøͷͷ

ӣҪ⣬̫ɹȥĶ
ԶɣϻԽԽˣ

˵Ҳȥ˺ͷ
ԴЩίôԼԽԽæԽԽܴأ

Ƽȥķ¶Ц⣬ҪȥϾӣأ

ûڸţаڣֻҽŮĽַɿ
Զ֪ݣôǸЩɽҵԷǣʱ仯С˯ǰ㲻䡣

ɹȥü̹š
üͷɿԶЩЦã⵽˸һ˸ڣ

ôţոջ֮ȥĶģڿС΢΢СʱҲӰ߲ԾһĨЦ⡣

˰磬۾ѿѣ·ĹͻȻѽ
ѿŵòˣӣĶ

ЦеҸоˣ⻹ҪǵģҶ˻
ѿ˫ֲŵƻһ˫صĻ͵͵ۣޣ

һȣ˾׶ߣͬèƵģ쳤Ҳ˯ǽ˯Щȵ͵Ŀ
֮Ҳûʲô¶ɣұ֣Լ˯ԣô˯˲ȵƵġ

ˣҲûԼ˯ԽԽ࣬ÿﶼ·˯ѵʱ»Я޴ȥͨݣƽҲָް׶֡
﹬磬ƽЯͽ˹Ҫȥʥ˼񣬵ƽȥ˹ĸ¶

֪ʥڹϻҪΪʥּν˷ϲ¾ˬһͻӻɫ缵ӹװϴɫĵʢţ޵ݳеĸĴ
ƽһž̲סЦϲֻ¹öӱɵü񳯷ʢˡ

ƽ岮˵Ůƽ밲Цݶ˶٣ɺôֲЦˣϲŨйԣ⼸ջδɽչ磬ҲǸӷˣҲ㶼մʥЩϲǣ

ƲƲ죬˭أǳײܽ£

ƽϵЦⲻ䣺˵ǣòŻ֣Ҳȷʵ໰˵ôͷҲʶҪֶ߶߶Ŷͨݵķ׵еģ˵𣿡

Цͣ漴ЦøЩҲֹͨݷֱ򡢽𺼡㶫ȵҲѶãóʢȻͬ½
ƽЦЦûٶ˵

ȵϹʱƽʥӯӯ°ݣδ겻ֻ֣࣬ĸ֪Ҫ۵ġ
ʥ̫ҲǻòãƽҲǵˣǻãˡ

ⶼҸģΪĸТǶŮ֡ƽָ
ʥ΢΢ЦЦԴҲ޾Т޼

ղ빬޲йѫλĹԱͻ׹ݣʥ˵λջĵƽˡ
ز̫ʱǰչТʥҲܱ̫ĵƽ

Ҷǵõƽεŭ֮˲֪ΣɵƽȻҲǴģŻɹʣҲֵá

һۣ뷨㿴һۣ΢΢ͷˡ
ֻ̫һֱͷʥ˵ʱ̧ͷ

һ̫Եſüζû˵ʲô˵ĺõط
Զ̫б󷽣̫κڲסǣ֪̫յϢüʱƽǸ̫˵̫Ӳ³ɣ

ɲӵĺʱ

ƫƽЦų̫Ӻ̫׵Ķӿȥ뾩̫꣬Ӻ񶼳ɴˣǽЩ˷֮С
̧̫ͷϹŵЦù˵ﻰһ㶼û䡣

ЦҪࣺ̫Ӹ˵ǣŹùúǽˣǰӵźƤӣָɣǲùúһһţװ硣

ƽЦˣʥ˻ӣƣԽԽ˵ˡ
ʥЦҲſ䣬˵ļ˷·˵Ƶģ̫

̫ӲЩֻסĲԼ³ѾþеĿ

þƹѲŶʥּʥ˸ǰ
ʥЦемϲ¶Ҫλź޶꣬޹Ҳ͡ȥЩĴƣգҴܾΪı֣޼ǹ꣬ҲǸøԲʱˡ

˵꣬￪ʥּûκ˷ԵĻᣬҪּ
¹֮ʱԾȥ̫ӣ㶼йע£ʱ̫һ

ɲ̫һɵĴ󳼰̫Ҳͷɫֱϲؽʥּĸһ㣬û뵽˳졣

ǵƽǹĵЦȴԾƼŮһֱĳ򿴣ͻȻڣռȻϲ£Ҳ¶Ҫ֣Ȼʮˣɷָ䣬Ҳڼѽϲϲأ

ʥЦźӵ˵޷
ǰսʱ˿࣬СƢЩ·˹أŹȰû´ƽ仰ƽɫߺ죬Ҳ˶

˭ͦסƽδ֮أɴ֪ǵźδء
ƽ͵ȫûд󵱻Ů󵱼ޣҲ쵽ȻǽҪЩΪãɷ͸䣬ҲԲҵԵ

ʥ˴Ƥӣֳ˯ѵӣϲ£Եȫ޼ǵáǶ׵ġ
ƽЦȻԵ֣뺫Сƽƽֺηǰ;ҲֵŮġ

ԶȻԸ⣡
ƽɫ䣬ֻ򻹲ңɫ䲻ˣ

Ȣƽ֮⣬һһһ˫ǳ֮ԸȻŵȺС㣬޶Զɫ䣬Ҳ
ﶼЩ΢򵱽ָ˳ͻĿЩȻ֪Ĵ󸾡˵ʵǸƢĶȢ

ظһ˵ԲסҵĿ⣬ֻ˴
ǵƽϻЦһһһ˫𣿵ǶˣȻԸ⣬ǾˣԵ鰡˭˵׼

Ц£ȴΣǵԶҲɫȻ˻ȥ
Ϊôһ׮ܻ¶¸ո˷ּ⣬Ҳû˸ҿأͷնһѾûϲ˺Щʱյɫˡ

ص¶̲סˤ˸ϺõĲյϡ




52.   52    ͷ

̫ڵʱأ˾, û˵ĹëĵֹסŤ
ҲӱģֵδѡƫƫЩҲô˭ûƽء

, ūǶϽȥ, ĸϰ, Ҳǲ֪ùõƢ, ĸϲĲʲô˵ʲô𣿡

ƨʲô˵ʲô浱û֪˵һɫס˿ڣҲ֪ʲô˵ʲô˵
û˵˼Ѱ˼޷ҲŮӼ伦ëƤʤС¶, Ҳʣֻ˵ġ

ùüЩõƢԣŶӵģͿڶӵķϱƽ, ԺҪɫ²ǣɫ΢һЩ̲סЦùõ¶, ͷûƼ, ̫ɫÿˣʹ, ǲʹ𣿡

Щ, ǿЦƼɫˣƽﲻ̵ģ
ЦҲ÷ʲôʱǵӣʾ, ӣԺڹﲻ֪ΣȻòˣƫƫҲҲ˸ʵ˼

ĸϲʱ̫ӻص͵ù裬ɫҲѿ
κСĽ˶˽һ̵ۣһԺš

̫Ȼɫÿһ仰˵ҲûҪµ˼
̫ǮͷӾ̲ס̾˿ӹŮϵҩӵʲκԸ°ɣҡ

κһ£̫Ӳԣй˶ȥ
ǮȽ޺⻨̷һԣ̵۷̫ӽ£Ҳ̫ߣѹ߼ס

һԼ̫Ҳ̲סͷ˳µᶼˡ
ͷҲ˵ʲôԼҪţ̻ӣô죿ūô죿Ǯһıµøɫ

̫ûʲôֻˮ³һֱڸŻǱԲס
ˣҲҪǷޣҵ죬ĲֻҪ첻ҾͻܻǮν

̫ͳӲɾߵգϸЩҲǳ㣬ҡҾǾ㲻õõЩ
ҲƲԼǣǮЦ֪Ҳ̹һ̹ϡ

̫Գ£ŷԼ¶ֲ԰ףԵø
ֻǡֻǲ֪ԭʼһܱеĸ࣬Ҳ֪Լ̶á̫ԽأֻºͷҪܸί

Ϊ̫Ҫȥ밲ӺһȫһһԪΪ̫ãͽƽͬһϣƣϾʥԽԽˡ

ȻֻΪܳ裬Ҳʥ˸źţԺĵλԽԽΣա
ܶίνϾҲ¶ͲίǮЦЦֻҪίܣӻù

̫ɫЩǮϲż֪ܵģ޿̣Ϊǿ
̫֪û취ʥˡ

ĶȥˡǮϷ۴Ļʥ˵ЩȻʥɶԶҲʥ˻׶ҡʱֻб˻Ȳ
̫˼ǮЦøЩҲΣŻڷǰ¶һ

ǮϳϻĶ϶ŮҲ࣬լԺ徻ľ٣֮
С˺Ժլɱ˲ѪӮҡӰ죬ʵǮϻıļ˿乬κˡ

ҲǱ׳־ģҪ̬ӱˣսÿһˣҪһ̫
˭֪޽֪ô滹ӻʵ»ҹ֣·ڶӶû⿪˸찵ء

ʱ춼Ҫˣŷ֣ܺߣ̫ӻ޷ʲôģıº֮ء
ˣۼ˳ᢵķѵ˴ѪҺȻ˷ֿܷһѵĲ֮УҲǿЦá

ɼ̫ţ̫ӵյ²ڣҪ֪ʹڼô˭ʾ͵ǰѲӷڱǲʾͲˣʾˣСҲܳΪɱλɱ˲Ѫ

̫ӿСŹ̫Īĸж࣬ЩЦָ̡̫
ǮϽۣ밡񿴲̫λϵģ޷ҲôˣӣʥˣСԶ

̫̲סЩü
ǮϸϽͶһ·ӣҪȡ֮ʥˡҪѡġԶںͷӣƽŶӣʵԶ¶ɣ

̫ɫֿʼ࣬ǮϲüȻˣǶԶ˵ͶӶǰʯʾöռϷ磬Դɰ£ԶԸȻҪ¶ţʥ˻Զ𣿡

̫ˣǮЦͽ֮Ҫ޷Ҳʱ˾Ļ󣬶˵ҧ˵ġȿȣá

̫̲סЦ֪Һܾˣﾡǡ
ǮһվӸ¿̫ӹˣ磺ǵǸλӰɣ֮Ǹгɾ͸У

˵°ͳţûһκԸˡ
̫Ըūҩ

̫ŶһϺм΢˵̫ôͻȻأѲɹ»
κЦţ²ǼͷӴӴ󲻾󲻾

̫ΪʵĸоһʱƽʱԶɺ̫ѵĲࡣ

˶˺ץסκβԾˣǵҪֵ÷зؽƽ¶յͽմϵƽԶӵĿãԼƻ鱾龡ɫ˾֪𣿡

Цŵͷöɣ¶ūŶðһƯƯ
Уɢ̫ӣΪĴԣ˲飬ߵϣ飬Ҫ϶İѱˡԶɼԸ

Գ£үӰ¶ǶүҲûĵϸ᲻ǡָָ졣
ԶЦʥûôҪԸңԶȥϡ϶˭δӰ¶

ŵͷūŻ˶λүġϻû¶ĿģҲż
ԶɷԸ¶˼һϸڣȷû©ֻŰˮ

ԷϽΣ
м΢ӣҪһӻ÷Žȥֻ˵źƮƮСţͲϳԶ

Զһ²ʣˣ
ԴԴͷˣ˲٣ͷݣϺȻˮūŽͽȥЩ衣

ԶŶԾЩͷۣô㶼һ̿סϷߡ
֪ˣȥɡԶɻ˻֡

鷿æ˺һֱдд꣬ݸš
źſڣ仰˵ţźԺУЦеļӣõԶɽ

״ԣϽųˣֻԶվ˺һγźԺȥ

ѿ˸ˣԶɽź󣬾Ƽǲص˯ˣӸ֣Ȼ
ԶɾҪϻˣ޺޵ȥʲôǱ˯òӵСͻȻ

Զһ£漴Ա߾һۡ
˻ǳıӵǰɣԶס󲱾סǽ۵Ĵҧȥ

˯ʱ۾֣Ҿ͹Сš
ԶЦӳϢɣˣ

ұǲ۵ģ˭жҡɳɤ
Զͷһ˵ʲô

ۣ۾ҿˡ
գ۾Լź򣬵Զɫÿűźأ

ô˵ȴѾȵĽݸ
Цк˰뱭ֵݳȥźҺü𣿡

ǴҲʰǰɣԶôĥ
Ŷ޿֣Сɤó⣺ʰѽ򡣡

Զɵ
ӣЩĵ£ҵսľôãίίѽ

ʲôʱ֪ģԶһʾӶûӦͽǰʵ
أûôˣҲ̫Ա˱ţ춼˯ԽԽܳԣĳط

˵һ˲Ҳ֪ΪΪӣǴ˲١
ƫƫɣط˵ӻԽԽģֲûķʱʲôӣɵѽ

Զ߳ʵ㲻ɵɵôƱأ

ұ滹ţһϵĸ߹ʱ̣ûNɪã⻰һȫûˡ
ϽŶӵͷǲҰѹҲ֪ô¶ѽ

ԶЦЦ̧°ͣģ
ҵͷʣԺҲʲô֪˵ĻҲʲôûϲҲ鿴Ҳģ

Ťͷ˵ʲôأ檶Ǹġ
ţ˼Ҷ˵е˻ɵһЩԼű©ԶȻЩ

ҿԿ£ѽˣһڽУҪء
ԶɿЦãЩʱһ̫ϸ֮ǰ

𾭵Ǽ£ԶЦЦӱ§סţ˯ɡ
Ҹоͷµǣ˿ȵˣûöһ˯˹ȥ

ڶ󣬵ԶѾˣߵĴ齣λүӦ˲ʱ
ŸѿҪϺҪԡ

ӣүԸˣȥ֮ǰʲôͳʲôѿ͵ЦŲϳԣү˵̫ӵľ飬Ըȥסһӣ
˲Ŷ΢Ц˵ĶԣһڽأǸúú÷ʡеĳԾͲˣΪҪǱ֡

ѿЦ̵üѣһżţү˵Ǹֵģùţ𾭶׼ˣҲýôã̫һ㶼ĳⲻǣ

ңĻǸ˺ģ
Ŷĳ˺ü䣬ֻϣʤźãȻӿôѽ

ԶͻȻ˺ü磬˶ˡ
æµҲùԼӲǡ̲ס

һԺҲϽģǣˣǵöעЩ

ԶŴĳСˣȻЦÿ˵ǣŹͿʼˣ˺СһעЩ壬ǰЩԻЩϺõɽλһȥЩ

˼Ϻ͵Զɶ飬˲ֹһ㣬ЦԽԽɣҾͲƴˣǶɶϽĺã⺢ʵϣ˳λվء
Цŵͷ⺢ĳϣɻǵΪأЩʱճ˰Тǵö߶һ

˵ͷҼأǰĹ򣬵ʱ˵׼Ҫ߶š
һߣʵԶɣƽô¶

ԶЦЩ䣺HH뷨󲻹ӳģҶŲõǵġ
üƽɲǸƲ磬̫Щ꣬˶ɲָϴɾϵѪ

Զ֪ĸ׵˼ģŵġ
Ǿͺãղź˼ҲˣӣҲ˵ҪҪԺĽ㣬иҪĸٸõģ

ԶͻȻִ˼磬룬ǿ˽ȥţǿʼˡ
Ц⣬ȴξܾ˰ɣǶأ⵱ͷ˵졣

ҪǣһСͿַ죬ͱˣīԺһ㶼

üû˵ȿŵԶɳãֵ̰˵˵ۻôôɶԾ




53.   53    ȥһ

ȻǻشӵĻ, ϾĶӣСѰ˲һ
˵ЩЩ˶ܿЩʲô񼴱˵ʲôҲǵˮ©ģ

īԺȷʵصɭϣҲīԺ¶, ޴֪ŵѾ·ˡ
ǶŶӺͷķ, ˼ԶȥĵԶ, Щ, ЩΣŵû˵ʲô

˵յȥϻˣĹɿˣʼϱӸɻ, 书򣬵ϾͿʼ˪
Ϊ÷һֱűңŻᣬҪɫ˵û, һ䣬ϱ

õԶɹ밲ʱѰ˼˺þ, ûסһ䣺˵д, С깦Ҳˣ¾ͷųɣô˵̱ź, Ҳ̿𡣡

Զϵģĸ׷, īԺûбģԷС񲻷һʡҲ˿, ʱ򡣡
˵⻰ϵСԴǺóԺúȺ˯㻳ӵķӦûС

ʼ˪ʱڣͻȻòĨѰֱżͷ̲˳ԵøζèƵģһۡ
̲˾͵ӣԶ˲ֹһ㣬Щʱգҳ˲⣬Բӽϻ˵īԺ̹ľˡ

˵īԺͲȱ̿𣬰ﻹԷãǽ̫̫֪ˣھܽҳ

ҲԸΪ檸ֲ죬ϣһǿڹȥźϣ״Ҳٶ˵
ɻˣ˵Ҳܳ߶ˡʡ

Զüû˶ֻ֣ǡ
ֻô㵹˵

λСԴ򺫹ȥˣӹǾһֱ̫ã˽̽Ǹһ֢ǰЩʱմŸصѾװŪաԶɲɫԽԽüͷ˵ݣҲ֪ļɼ;ţ˵ϣǻЩֲþһʬǺ˴󷽷ͬӵԵɡ

Щգһֱǹˣô˴Ҳţ
˼˵ǶĴ¶Ǵ󸾡

Ǵ󸾲κһҶվȽŸ֮ǰ֪ˣҲû˼ҿȢ
ȻϴҲܽռ⸮ǵԶߣǽиӳ˾Ҳĵġ

Զĸ׵谲ǰҲûСТ˳ۻŲԡҸ˵¶ǵʱʣӱĸҲǿԵġ

üĻɲɽʲô¶
ôúõ˼ҲȢǵȢϱܹӵıôӦԺҲʼЩִ

ȿ˵ɣ⣬ӰԺȢ˺ӣҪֵֵǽѾĵûԺ¶ˡ
ԶɴӲ˵⣬ֻҪʱĺӸǰͷǸһⲻͽ

⻰ҲᣬԶɸɴ໻˻⡣
ӽ˵ǰ˾ָʹҲЩʱգǺЩ˴׼ֵʱҲ˵ģǧ򿴹˺ã˿ӣɩ˵ǱЩ

漴ЦҾ֪ιǣ˵ͷϳİЩ;ʲôоӡ

ԭǵҳԶĸĸڼҵͨԶֺ͵Զĸսʱ񵽻·ӭĿˣϧӹͲ֣ûٸʹӡ

ԶĸϹү˹ӣԶֺ͵Զĸ̰ĲŵԶʱ˽ֶξͲ٣ϹүȥԺͬƽ˸ûĺĽ˶ȥ˼Լû

ԭ϶ԶôСǸ˳ģû뵽ҧ˵ĹУЩϿɴû
ԶɵǺܿÿԴҳעǶ棬˭ϢأιҲǸøֿˡ

ͷʹˣǰҲ¶ʱ˵㲻ù
ţȻȥˡԶ֪¶ĸ׳ãû˵īԺ

ź󣬵Զֻ˳һۣѾϰ˵ĳλŽ㣬˵ۣѿţ˯ˡ
󲻳ʲôӵģ֪ҴСԺô벻޵ӶӰߴģ

Զɵͷ鷿ͳš
ԴǱ߿жԶͻȻʡ

ԤϵûԴԴ泣ͷӣѾȺˣҲﰵҲ˽ӴūţжӵˣҲеƽˣūŻ֡ʥߵİǳֹ

Դ˵ʲôˣԶɵʡ
ҡͷʲôû˵ʲôûӦУɺôҲûȥ

Զóôô֪ʲô˵ʲô˵
ǳԴбôūͳƤȥҲҪ̫ˡ

ͷʲô

Ͻػ˵Ը¶ˣƽŰ裬ͼƻ¶б۵ģƽͶ׶ûʹκŶ̫ӵ²λĴԣƽŹ󡭡ʺ󣬶Ӹ˽Ĺӣ̫Щѡ

Զ֮У̫Ӿûбʾ
κ˵Щ΢̫ʥǰ˺üΣ˵ԼΪҪλ̫ͣҲŮǸǰΣ˳밲Ŷյýء

ԶЦ˳̫ӱĻҪ
ΪƽھУûжٹ˼ɣĿŵޣ̫ӶЩܳ⣬ǲܡ

ⲻܸ̫ӼӰѻ
߰Ǳ߿ͣ˱Զɵ

˵ۣӦǣūŻ˵ġ
ˣԶȥԷ׼˯

Ƚţ첲¶ͷϻְ̿䣬Զɾ̲סü
Ƚ˱ڻñӽסСֱ̲סСҧһڡ

ҿߴģģ£ѽӲ˶
ԶЦСԽԽ֪ƾʲôűˣû⺢һ𣿹Ȼǻ׷

ţԶɻûסַǴƤϣȻĺӲ֣ݺһš
ԴҶ̥ˣʮоŴΰߣ룬ƾֱԶɾ֪϶ǸСӡ

ұ̥ЩüƢɤҲýֻЦͲܲ˯˯ȣԺˣʱ򡣡
ΪԺ󣬽Щʱ⣿Զգʵ

һ˯ʣûףҪտѽ
Զɳ£ȺСţ׼Ѻӱ¡

һ仰û˵꣬˯ͱˣҪԶɽû
ҲƵԶһЩ̧ͷүΪҪҵĺӱĸĸԼ𣿡

ԶɸϽĺ󱳰СǸģûӡ˵٣ǵĺܳΪӣԺʱ򣬵ʱ㡭
ҪҴĻˮӿǰ濴ŵԶɣҵĺӸҳԿʲˣҲҵĺӣҲϡΪӡ

˵ʲôԶɫЩĺôԿʲˣԹأ㲻溢

Ԥɤ䣺ԹңҲû̺ԼĺӡȥĸӣȻĸĺ˭֪᲻ܿ࣬ԼˣʲôҶϣҲһʼͷźӡ

ԶɲֻŵͻȻڵԶɸǰүȫ檲ͬѺӱĸ
ԶɫرѿѾΪ̺е·»ͷԱ֤ܺúûȥԼȼ硣

ȴǽͬУ˵ҪҲֻЦŽһ㡣

ջ𣬵ԶҲͶĺӣѹŻӵϷͻɤҲǲˣֻǼڵĸ£ȺСţҿԸӲã㡭

үŴĻĪܵҲ֪ΪԼǱˡ
ʵ֪ԶǿסӦò¶ֻ˱ݾˣվмֲе룬ϱǶˣǶԼеĺӡ

Ҳ֪Ǻӱڵĸ£ǰ;ڸеĵλвͬԸ⡣
໳̥ʮµĺӣԸһֵΣȥŷֵ츻

ϱСĽţܻϸı˵Ķ裬ôǲǱƣȴֱסԼ⡣
ûӵ˲֪ʲôζɶԼӵ롣

ƾʲôأΪΪģԽˣ

СǸƵĸɲܱ裬檺úûȥ£ɤּ֣ĸҪɱĸӣŻᣬԸúӱ΢ЩҲԸİΣ󡣡

Զɫ˵㻹ǲűܻסĸӡ

ɫȻŬסǵĲỹ˳°һεȥģۿӣҲŵԶɵ۾򣺡ǣҲźүܻסĸӣаţҹأܻ˲סʱ̰̰ģ״ǣһ©;Ȳһơ

Զɻһ͵վסĸ첲˵ʲô˵һ飡
ұҡͷʲô˵ֻһ仰ԸǲԸ⣬Ҫ֣ӻ粻

˵˵ԶԸ⣬бķӣܻᡭ
ۣеĹԶܿ϶ֻǾʾˣ۵÷·ôͷһ

˿ڴߣֻǸ㲻ԸҲǿ㣬Ժ㲻˵Щ˺ĵĻʲôܻ뷨ӳȫ㡣

Ŷһߣ򶶶ڲ뿴ȥ
Զɵ۾ıӰﻹЩζӳ£ҲʵǸӵ֪Լֻܣվһû粽š

չ˺Ǽӣаʧͱˡź󣬵ԶɶŴѿԸ
ѿϽأǣū

ȵԶԺ󣬴ѿؿڴղͷͻȻҲҶֻºүʧҪˡ

û뵽үһɫָŹǺѿЩԷӱţСǰ
ӣðɣ

ǽüжܲãĺӣΣ
˲᣺ҿ޵еۣҶЩĹɡ

ѿЩǿ˻ǿ޶ˣ
ɵŵĺͽţССĺʱĪģѿûôļˡ




54.   54    ϱӣ

Զɻص鷿, ɫرѿеĳͳѵֵУͳһ, ˵ͷ, ˭Ҳûҽȥ
Զ鷿ڴһ, ֱʱһ˹鷿, Ŷվڴڴ磬Լ侲

ֻҵ۰ĹһֱǰƸͣͬҡҷƵģ´ⶼӰӻζ
ժɳȥ, ͷŵĳֵܶһŤͷˡ

¹ֵܼӡ

գۣȥһӱ͵Ϯأ
ۣҪȥȥ, ûǷᡣ

˾һ겻¶ԶںڰѾ侲
ԴһǸκһضҪΣһֱܲԸϸȥ롣

û˳, Ҳ֪̫ص¶, Զûгࡣ
Ӳĥ˺ü꣬ԶǱ¶ͷ˭ûȻܸԼϵĻʽ㡭, ̫Ӻ͵ԶȻҲ벻ġ

ʥж, ԶȻQɱȨڵԶɺԶ, ̫ӻдϢʱΨһŵıʥŲãʥûˣȨ֣̫׳ӡ

ҪȻλҪȨȨܲگĵʡȨУȵ
ʱʡȨʡ֣㱻ӽɵƽϱ£¡

ԶΪǰ˶ûܵϵǰ˾ָʹֻ֮һıȨǰ˾ָʹ̩ĵմӵΡ
Ϊ̫ȡʱԶкѪͳֻҪңûеǻܣ̫һɵĴֻרĶԸӣϣѹ¶ӵˣʥ˱졣

еƽӣ̫˺ܶ鷳ʱƽһֱ£Զɣɴ˳Ƹ޹һιѾӵ£ڸίߡ
ǰϦڴ󳯺ƣӦˡ

ƺȵһ룬ͻȻôȣֻǿӦȥͻ˸
ȵظʱȻԼԾ鶼дˣԡԵǳκȻԸ

κ˿죬ֽˣȻⲻͷ
ֱ콫Ϩʱ﷢һĨϡ

ū׼׵ϴɾȥ飬һīɫŽϲá
ǰŽţὣߵһģ׮עȥ¸һĨɫ

ŭҪʲô췴𣿡
Զɿرƽɱһֶѣ㵱Լʲôɱ췴ҲҲϹϵ

ⳡ򸮺͵ƽĿɳ𣬵Զر侲˽ͨūţ̶Ժҵ鴫÷з
ڵƽĸŮǽʱԶԶЭ飬˫˶Ӹѣͬʱɱ˵ƽԶ

˷̵ǣɱʱԶ͵ƽڹڵ𽵹ŨصĻڲסݰ࣬¶ʹ÷з
ʥ˴ŭ˽Զ͵ƽ

Զûбѡʱ˾λھŵ˽˹䣬֣˹š
ԶԶɺԶĴ˻ʳʥ˵Զ췴Ѫû

̫Ѹٵǻƽ岮Ҳеƽκ飬ʧȥ֧֣һѾõĶᴢ֮սʹĻ
ʥ۹ͣԶõԼҪģһֱ֪ԶҪʲô

ʲôҪԶȻһԶҪ䣬λҲҪֻͣʥһ顣
ʣ䵫˵޷޶㡣

ʱ»ΪٹΪѣ˭Զ˵ںˡ
Ҫǧ˭

ԶɹǬ͵У̧ͷһһ䣺ƽ
Ϊֻ˵һ֣׺ӣΪһŮӣֵ𣿡û˵ֻǸͨ

ԶɴûֵòֵãֻһԸǲܹǣĿ
±˵ֻ̾Ϣţ׼˵ԶɵԸ

¶֪˲֪֮࣬ˣ޲ΪԶΪİŮ˱û֪ǰѾ޷ߣѼҵ鼮õһط
طó֮Թ޵ķʽȥ֮Ѫ͸䣬κ϶޷Ը

ǵģԶҵٴ鲻дģҲԼһ٣Ϊɱ˫۲ȢףΪļѾ͡
ֻֻ뿪ԶԶ뿪ߣȥƽĲӣԼѪβָȫԷδȢޡ

ϵѹ˿ĺΪãֻΪһ˶еϵ
ùһ죬ȿһҹͷӦеҪ

Զѹ󣬵һʱǾԼȻܱ΢̶ȣŶǸصСһһδЭˡ
֮򣬲ɵԼƣֻ沨

ǰһֻΣξʵһվҲſС滮˵δ
ҲΪʲôղŵԶɸղ˵Լ뿪ִٳŶȻˡ

һвأҲǵϱӵһУ뿪
ӣүǱжˡͷ

Զɶ˶ӲӣԸ
үүԺͤ飬ûź򡣡

Զɿȼ䵭Ըţ˰н䱸
ͷǣ

ȵȡԶɽסűַԸԷΪ֮أκ˿۷ʲô
ͳЩȣҲǲ⣬˶æӦŶš

ͬʱжŵĵԶ͵ԶѾǷʧ˼ԡ
ѾȲˣۿҪ뺮ǱߵȲãǵӵĴ£ֻȫҶסԶ

ԶַÿҪҲףΪӺͶӶҪע򸮲ţͼֽڸأ

Զ䵭Ҵӹ̽ϢǰЩ껹жԶϽЩ꣬ʥԽԶģʥ˵ǰ˾Ĳ£ڽһУ˶ܿóʥصľԶϣѾ˲ֹһ̽һͼֽС

֪Ķ𣿡ԶۣһɿŵԶܲûͷûԽȥʲôҲɣ

ԶԶֲɿڣԼĸ˵Զϣ̾˿˼֣鷿иңֻж౦󣬿ɶ౦и«ĻأԶ³磬жлܡ

Զ䣬ȻԲԸǰͷҲɵӡ
ô粻˵Ҫңͽ鷿ǿɲһѶȡ

ԶͷԭðգɩīԺңԼǸʱȥģֻһֱûʱ
ԶߣṦͣҪ˵ô϶С˵һһףǰͲװģ˰ɣ

ô룬ܱסԶȻͷ
Զ߳ȥ֪ô졣

˵ﳤȥԶĬĬıӰһƬ⡣




55.   55    ࣨһ

ʱ, Ҷżֱ⣬ϸСĶǳĵԺӸЩ
ѿ޺⻨˽ʳУ켸̨, žͿڲżǰǰŵ, ΢΢, дž, м¾õģ

˵ΪվãҺ˼֣Ǹֵĵط֣ҲǷЩ˼, ǴЩŵһۿȥǴҳĹ㡣

ӣһʱˣЪһſɺãѿʳ
Ҳ, ëϴԲǰͷ

ϲСţж, ЩѿĶ˳, СŰԵһ㲻ʾ
Ұ˼¿ˮҡҡͷ⼸ˣҪЩͷ̲˰ɡ

˵ֻŶЩ, ˼ھͷ˿ӡ
ѿ̾, ʰҴɢ

ӣūźүĸʾõ, ͡ѿ֪ô˵ˡ
Դǰ˺ԭȾҲϸԵĶֺڵĶѸ͸ɫСҲ¡

ƫҸƵģ⼸θ˵ͱ䣬ֻЩ嵭ġ
˵治ҲͰˣɴѿ֪ǣʿˮܿǸүһء

ѿһūŵҲ֪ô˵ֹ˺үôأ˵жĺӺүŲ£ʱžǹǰ󣬿ûˡ

źҾˣѿԽԽ룬Ÿż
ɫǵģүʱҲˣҼǵúүĺãмء

ѿƲ죬ûϻ˵
ûСС𣿡ͻȻʡ

ѿҡͷ˵Ǹֲ£æû򣬵ȹʱյŶġ
Сȥͨ𣿡˼ʵ

ѿһǺүŵģҲΪ˽СиչЩҲǣ
ЦЦһֱԶ˵ûĴѿ⻰ȻԺͳԼѰ˼ġ

ʵ˵ԶɣֲǵԶǾˡ
˵ԶɴӲ֮£˵ΪС尲ȥͨݣǲܵ¶ֻСʲôطġ

ٻȥ𾭰ɣܹȥùϡŶ
ǰӱߵ̫ԸⳭ𾭣ԶһôԼʲô˺Ҳǿиʱ򣬵ĸŲΣ֮ʱ

ʱĻˣɶ೭溢ӻģ⼸ĪĵǾ˲٣ҲǺ¶

ѿžȥҪί˶ӣæЪζٳΣ
һͦŴҲ۵ģͷҲУذɡ

ź˯£ѿŴҵֵİѽθڲõ¶ͼӴ˵ˣҲܰɫΣ߸˻ȥš
Ǻү֪θڲãҲס˰ɣ

ʵ⼸յԶɿԼæµͷԸԣԷ²

һʱҲûӵŶ»ø˵
Ҷ϶ҿʲô϶ϱЩԣԺ˸ѾߣǱģŸǰͷǽϵôͬϽͷԶϸѯԺɨѾͷǽϺѾͷǶɹһ¶ǶȥԺַǸ

Զ˼ĸ׻ɽϺѾͷ⸮ˣ
ЦЦδǱҵĶӣϴͷģѾͷǼӣֻѾͷĸǰѾͷҽϸˣϵûˣֻиֶӣȢ˸Ưϱϱĵƫƫۼŵġ

ߵûִʹɩɾԶЩԾ

ЦϲĸͨѾͷΪ˵ʵﻹǿóģԴȥˣڼҲֵýϴб˼ǲ֪СʱΪҲԶֵĸƹ

ԶˣλҲǱǰçײ
ЩҲ˵ǺöֻԺʲô˲õĶ㻹ǽȥ̽һϵ

Զ΢֪ˡ

صīԺԽӣһϲɫˡ밵ȥ˵д¶Ҫ
Զɫģ·𿴲ϵΣаҹȥ

ǡԵͷ£ӣá
ĸӿɰԶɴĻʵ

ԸϽͷԶתëʣȻĸӾͲø˵ˡ
ǣūŸˡԲҶ˵ź˳ȥ

֮ǰԶͻȻȵȡ
Ըæס½Ųͷʻһͷ͵˴յ蹦

ĥĶôˣ

һаáԸϽػ漴Ե˵㣬ǡ̫ˣܾϻͺԵʳѿ˵ÿţЪζҪ𾭣չѾһ࡭

˵ڶ벻ǹɵˣ¹ôò̫Ծܸоѥӵһû˶
ӣԼĪǾͽмͷͿӺź

ӵͬĹͷҲֹһԶ͵վߣԲҶ룬źš
˭֪ߵſˣԶͻȻͣˡ

̧ͷһɻ󣬵ԶɾԼƤеգû¶ɫ׼ЩҰԵģȥš
һҰֶ˵ɫЩ΢תŹͿ

򰮳ʲôźôЩ꣬Ҳûʲôѽʲôʲô
ڵǿԵĴǿĳհ

ӷԸɶˣԿüŪʵ
ޱ飺Ըвٴ̶㣬ʵϲС׽вϻСӣŶˣзʶĺ⣬Ͻģš

ĿɿڴС׽вģʱĶȥʵҲ糿а
˵ˣĶвϻأζ⣿

԰ӵķԸ㲻ȥ
˵Ծˣ³һߺޣԶԶĳЦʣôˣ

ҽһ
ţ˵š

Ҫã
ߣԸ˵Ͳ˵ʱ٣ߣ

˵곣˦ˣ³˲ϵĿˮⲻԼ

Զһֱææµµ˵ʱ֣ſƲȥ˺ͷûκ˸š
ŵʱҲŸո±ʣ׼ϴ֣ŶӾҪǰ

Զס֣ˣ𣿡
ҿŲŸոʳнŵĴѿҡҡͷԡ

Զüʲô
ûְ˭ʳգ۾޹ҿɫѿģθۣһҲԶ

Զҭһ£żЦ⣬Īϸȴ˿
ǿЦһԡ

ѽͻȻס
ԶɽŵɫףǰסôˣС

ʳָ˴ĴĻЦЦ̫ˣȥҲ֪߲

ѿûסЦϽȥˡ
ԶɶЦеӣһʱֺЦð˵




56.   56    ɫ󣨶

ȵѿ, ԶɲԼ⣬ס˼յС
Ϊ֪ˣŪˡ

ҿϣЦеɣҴ, ү϶ҵ, ҪҶ෴ʡЩʱղ𣿡
Զü˵, Сѧᷴ, Ҳ˵Լ⼸첻Լ

ŵԶɵָӴкӢү϶֪ǺӲ¶Żġ
оϤ𶯣ʱҪԾ, Զߡ

¶Ƶϣҿô̳ܽʲô

˵ͽ£ʵ˵ĸܶ, ˵ֵܡ
ҲûֻЦ̧ͷ̺күֻҪչ˺ӾͿѽ

ԶɳĬ˻, ̾, ȻСģô죿
͵ſôѺӸչ˺ãչ˲áҪġ

˿, ЦСѵүġ
õЦ, ԶԽԽ̲סȥԽԽ۵

Ͷұס, Ҳ˸ǣЩģлүңүǼˡ
֪ͺãԶߣ漴·𲻶ɫ˵Ķƣ֪˼ˣ

һ£ĵһĨɫǸģڵԶ߸ѧ˲٣ȻԶɿûʲô仯𾪣ߵʱ΢Ĳִ٣ͻȻ￩һ¡

ûӦҾƿŵԶɺһԴү˵ţĸӾΣ𣿡
ԶۺĿԣǣĳŵԶЧ

Զһһ£ʶֳһĨЦ⣬ɻȴ˼ּ񣺡үɷңԶǶã
Զ˫סرֻҪߣģҶֲҲٴ

ˣʵҲǺ֪ǲ֪飬ɲΣȻүָһλᣬ֣˵ֺ
𶯣Īӷᣬۿʪһ˫Ưʣ˲·Ź⣬ԶڵشĪܿóֽţп࣬ɬҲЩ

Ǵ˵ܸģжأ

ҧŴڲЦ绨ԭүô𣿡
ӶţԶͻȻ̵Ȼתȿȡˡ

Ҳȥ׷ֻЦ˲䵭Щ˿ЦվȥԲǰ¡
Ҳ֪ǴĶԻʳģϸƷųȻ⡣
Ƕ罷ͷζЩǶЩζȴǸڣ˵С⣬Щ̼Ľ㣬ƫｹһӲθڴ󿪣ڶûô̼

һӽһӣСԵĺ޵ģ㿴ǰͷ˵ûθڵǸ
߳²һֱͷĵԶɣֱ¿ӶӲЩ

ԶΣúţ
ЦЦںúѽүѵ֪иʶɫɲͣ

ȿȿȡԶɱ罷ͷǺˣҲǺòķ顣
͵Цĺ˳źȥһƬȡ

ź˷ֱϴ꣬ԶҲûߣֻһûһµ󲻸ĵط
һŵ˯ţֻһܵĻˣǽ֪ϴˮ裬һҿɵء

ԶɿŽϸҷСĽ׸߻ҲýɿЦӣĪȥЩֻİĲ˼ԽԽء

һǰֲԶ̲סѾܼģĴƤӸ󣬱Ϊ֪ⲻϺúóԶŶС쵰ү

գۣĺү˵ˣֻһҿɴûбƹү
Զҭһ£Ը£С

ԶɴˮȴűȻԺīԺס
ɫ󣺡Ϊүܵõүĳ谮ΪҪ֡

֪ˡҴЦ
ԶɼͷСֵĶһ٣Ȼ䣺ȿȡ˼ǣΪҵʱҪ֪֣ץסɲһˡ

֮⣬ȵ̧ͷԶɣѾϨֻ˴ͷСϵһյŻƵĵƹ⣬Զ⣬ȴҲܸо·顣
ҽ͵Щ˱ۿڵԶϣ̲סૣǲһֱҺãͲҪҺãҶܵסġ

ɵԶЦͷһǣ˯ɡ

·ûһͱ첲˯˹ȥֻ˯˲̫ãԽģİӲ䰡䣬õԶɻõ⣬ȴЩۣҪϻˡ

ƫƫСӶϣҲŲֻܸµֵһ۾ܡ

Էع鰲ʱһ֮бǰɾڣһԶɡȴǴŵЦ⣬Լｿߵϡ
ү̫֪ˣ᲻ŶӸڡԶɡϾĸûš

Ͱ̧ͷšԶɡһĴ˵²衣
Զɡ˿ڲ裬ͳ޷±ĸ˵ú̥ǣʲôҪľĸ˵

ϲ漴ӵķԸС̽ﻹǲȣ⼸ҹجΣүɷĸһȡЩõ檣

Զɡ˵ϣ𣺡֪æҰźүֻܵúүϢԣҲý檺ͺӸЩ
Զɡ˼Ӧȥͷ˼ͻȻһ㱣ĪڣЩС£ˡ

ϰ˿Ҳ֪Ϊӻȡү֮Ӧæʹ˸ɫ
ȥȡһˣгȡ˸ҲǿԵġ

϶˶٣ֻͷӦ
ԶɡãƿЩƮƮģȥɣЩ֪

Ŀ͡ԶɡĳţղĲԾĪؿ

ͬʱͷŵİĺͰ嶼ЩԾ

ûиǴҲˣϾ߸ŸģۿŰīԺ鷿ĵطȥľȻߣ͵رɫ
޷ԸīԺ鷿ÿһӾ֪Ĺأ˵һѾͷˣңү鷿ûŮӣѿûȥ

˶һַۣڽϣѧèи˸кҲ֪֪ǰʲô
ǰϤĽ˵ͷ鷿ȥĽŲ˿ͣפ

ĸϽ˸ƣðϢǱȥԣȰһǰͷȥҳ

ԷȻϢסڰ׼Ľ䱸£ʵڲò˳Ծ
Ҫ֪һҵİɴǰʿѵвᱻ˲߷˵û˵ļҰ߷ģֻ˶ˡ




57.   57    ƣһ

үҹ˾ʱ, ԷѿͻȻе
Զȿۻﰲ˯˶Լĸ첲Ȼ˯ɾԼ

ȳ, Ϻޱѵľ뵡, ֻһȻжˣ
ѿӦ, ȥ鷿, Ų̫ԣҴݾߡ

Զû˵ֻԷٳīԺȥ鷿ʱ, ̴ĵ鷿ǰ
ɫ糣Զɡ񣺡ӣôˣЪţ

šݳɵԶӵİ̵ͷɤѹסһͳģ, һЩҪ°ɡ
ǣūŸˡ

氵, ǽ鷿, ţżԶվŵİӰ
ӣūžð˶, ǡͷƤ, йơ

Ǽʶˣ׹֮ȻΪʼҽɣҲӲ, Ӱ¶ôãҲûԡ

ĲǽϹơơ߹Ƶȣ˵ϡǱҵƾǽľˣûܲɫ˵ǣܿµĹƣƶˡﶼź

Զϵǲ䣬ֻԸ϶Ǳ߿ж
ԴӰӰӣүЪˣүǱߵү˳˼䣬ء

Զۣ˹ƣôĶ϶ܷڱϣ˵ǰʮĶǴСѵٮٮߣôƵأ
ʳʲô𣿡ʡ

ԵͷӵĻ񲢲֪¶ӵķԸȡ֮ոѾˡ
ģԶ˼ʲô鷿žʹˣĵͷŸСĳţųɾǱȥ

Զɻ˻֣ץ
漴΢ųԸ˽϶Ҳץˣܰ԰ԺΧס

ǣͬʱӦ
ȳ뿪Ըմ˳֣ȶ֣ͻĿ¶֮ɫͻȻһˤ̣ؿ˾ȥںɫѪ

˺󣡡ԶͻȻеĵ䵽ϣյĴһֱͣѪʱ˲ƵģݣϸϸȥȻһĺںɫӡ
Ժ˲ðЩϸëԱ߰æصѪ˻𣬻ŵԶɺˡ

ӣšǱֶΡԺſֲ¶ͷƤгƵķ飬ūھʱ·˵Ǳиկӱһѻ˸ɾ֪Ϊǳع·ÿͺͽɽԵˣΪɫֻΪ˽áƣ˲ǵ˲Ž壬˵ҪկӾΪǹƳɺ󣬴֮ͻϢֻܻղɱ

Զüȥ
Ա߰Щͳӻˡ

̻𻯣ᣡ漴Զԥ£ŷԸһûйƣûУºӡ
Ҳ氵ˣȻԴ֮˺ò飬ɶĵ²

﷢ȣǣֻūŻС˵а֮Իᱻ˷֣ΪȻԵĸȴ޷̫Զ֮Ҳ̫Զ
ԶͻȻԶԺĽϺͳϵѾͷԸڴȥѲԺǺַǱߣԺκһ˶ųѡ

Ըæǣūȥ
Ժ򸮵ǣȵ糿ѹ

ӣҹԺˮˣүΧԺͳܰ԰
ϾȣԺ⣬ʣԶɾʹͷˡ

ĸףûˣǶ綯֡Զɽžͷ˸鷳˵һ£Լס
ɫ㵭綯֣

ԶҡͷƣǹƣֻǻܴݾߣҪ֪ɱ磬ȴΪǿ˵ӵҵԼҪ𡣡
ģ˿ڲˮѹ¶ģֻɫҲЩ԰׵ָűʣǹơԸ˿Ӱ죿

ԶɸæǰŰϣҹˣúīԺūǿԿ϶û⣬ֻط˭Ҳ˵׼ԲҪһţǸ󷿺ҲҪּңǰҪֿ

ϵͷ԰֪ˣͽ˰Щĸ׻ᾡǷֳȥ
Ѱ˽Ӵﶼ䲻ϲЩʲôģ;ûúܣ޲ܴ糿͸Ͻȥϴ衣

ȵԶɳźûס÷һ˵ʱԸȥﳹ׵ϴ˸ǰġ
ôĶȻͷ˵ģϻûţ˾Ͷ֪ˡ

ʥЩ̲סȿԳһͣ¡
Զ֣ȻʻʥүһشֻɫҰЩ

϶𣿡ʥʡ
ҵر£ƽ岮˽򸮣ָʹ˽ץˡ

ǺǡһʱһͷǡʥЦЦЩɬ漴̾˿Ȼ϶ôҪ̫֮λԸҲ޷
Щľæ££

Ҳ˵ģҸʥô꣬β֪Ӳ̫ʺλӣʥΪ谮ǡҪǴ𢲻Ҫ¶
һʥ˶ܻܣһūŵҲǧֻԼźۡ

ʥɫƽЩµް⽭ɽʕN֮ǰܵԼϸˡ
ҹڵϲ˵

ȥԸʡּʥ˴Ը
²ŲΡΡǣū֪ˡ

ԶʱͨݣȻû취˿õϢǵƽȴһ֪˵ģԶ͸ĦӵСЦˣ

ֵ¹ūŲ򸮵˴Ϣ˵Ǻү֪ʲôŽȥλүԺ˴Զʧɱ˵Զ֣ǾЩԣ˳أֻǿϧ˺òײɵĻơ

ǲɣһƳеģ˷λʵѪƵУҪҩ鲻ˡ
ԶҲ˲ֻٵһֻʣµĳ˹һֻЩ¶ûôװˡ

ƽɫ˴ĸɾЩ˷ֲԡ
ǣūѾˡֵ¹漴ųʣӣүҪĶ

ƽЦǲϲĹҪʲôҪ˭ҲǵȨóôЩ
ֵ벻ףʥֻԶȨ̫ܡ

ʱӿūŵֽţƽζЦⲻˡ
ֵûӻ¸

ûͷʲôˣҲܹܡһƨڵƽԱߣһŭڣ˸ҽͷ
ƽЦͽ˴ȥ

ߣˣѾ˸ǵͷȥׯˡ
˵ڵƽϻΣǸʲô³Ϊһü޸򰡣ȻúÿǳƢҿܲˣ˵ء

ǰɾˡƽһȻ޸Ѳ޸Զ
ԶɰӣҪͲѡºÿ˶ǣһð

ô
ƽԴЦȻǵʵģʲôãѵףǲܽȨư˵ףǺ㶼С

ɲΪǳļ
ƲƲ죺ʲôʱŪ񰡣

ƽЦЦܵõȸûĻˣҲûϲӲǣ




58.   58    ʲôû

ĵһѩƺЩ, ӣòײŵȵġ
ʮµײѩѽҳŴѿͷСµĹ͵͵һǴСֳȥѩ

Ϊ䣬ѩƬƬ, 䵽, ̲סЦ, Ҽǵȥʮ³ѩء
ѿ̧ͷ, ֣̾күūҪġ

ҺٺЦ޷æ, һùţȥѩߺòã
ȴѿ˵ʲôſڵԶɾѩˣٽЩѩ̣

Ҹæ˴, ֲصӵ£ԹŶӵͷҾ
ѩ㻹Զ֣ûſ, Ȼմͷ, ׳Ⱥúܡ

ҹԹԿϣŲرҿ϶ǲϡѩƬӵ, Žѩôɡ϶Ƕ̫, Ͼͷؿѩأԣûܿ, ⲻųȥܸܡ

һ϶صͷԶ룬ѵ˵˵Ļͦ˳
ѿ͵͵ЦЦλӻȲ裬š

ЩʱæʲôѽҿˡҲԸ׷ɴ໻˻⣬˵үүǶָˣ
ô᲻˭ԶüүҲǲܿǡ

﷭ۣүģžһζ
⻳к˳Ծ˯ѵīԺǰԶš

̻ƣһ᲻˭ѽǽϻģǼҾģ
ԶʱʱΣһ˿ŰǽеԶ̫ˣӣҲ̫

ֻȻּͬңϾԶ˵ģеԼѪײ̫֡
ԶЩңɢǶζøЩѩͱˣѩҴȥůѩɺã

ˮɨһۣ¶˭֪ѽҾ뿴
ȺֻãкǱߣᶢһĶֵأȥůˣǵ˴ô

ԶЦҧסĶ⣺ҶԴˣ
̲סӣֻӲҴԴףֻ

Ϊ࣬˻Ȼͷѩ׷ɣԶЩ£ʵЩ
ȵĺ絽Ҳϣ϶ϼ

Ҳ֪ģǰոԶĥûãЩʱղͻȻ׽ͻȻһݵĿ
߻ˣϱǵ¶Ⱳ˵˵Ҳֻ̹ΪԶҪףҲӲţȻϣٽ㣬ûЩʲô

ôأ
ߵκκģСĶӱһ£·-һ㣬еԶۿͻȻͨ졣

ŶԶҲôǰɣԶǴƤǴѾʵĥԲŽҲǺõġ
ѹµ˴ߵĵסֻ֣ðŸӺߺƵĳǡ˭Ҳûôѽ

ԶɶԼ̫ã˵ʲôһ˲סˣĻһӴڱȫûסһ¡
ɱߣڴϣԶɴЦҶҲǲǣ

뷭ǴӸڹһãߵҪ޳ûСϹ
֪ߣԶֻĻϲסС

ﻹҿɴûԼ׽֮⣬ֺãԶҲóʲô
ĸԸƣСܻӦ

𡭡һкۿӸǳӵŵԶɣ˵ӡء
Զ֪ƽɲ᣺ģҲʲôҶԣ۾

ǵ۽ǵӣҲ֪ô죬ֻܱ۾󡭡
ѿͷŶźأһͷĿŵ߶òȣվ

ɸǿԣ˻ʲô˲˴ƻϽԶЩ
ɺܿ죬ϴѵĴѿֿʼģӻŶأүôܲҪ˵ӿô찡

ѿŽаȥҽŮչжûһԶɾͳˣɫŲӡ
үǰ

Զվѩ˼ƽϵĻȻŷԸؽˣ׼Щÿ˻ˮ͵ţҹá
ǡѿϥŸϽתţһȥͿԷ˯ŵӡ

սϸƼӵ°۵ļͷͷЩԵָӡѿϺ˺죬ҽӸǺãųȥҰԸ
ѹʱΪѩûͣͷرһʱʲôʱˡ

Ÿչδʱ𣿡ѿź󿴼ϻЩʪĶǶѿʣɻ
ҿϵĶǶɫȴѿ죬޲ȥôʷʲôпɻ

ԷֻʵѾͨǰˣŽվ󣬡ʲôûô᲻
ѿ͵Цū֪үɫ֪ˡ

˴齼ȥԴ̵ܼ弦ȷʵʲôû˸ĲĿɶûҲûֱӵԶ˵ˡ
Ϊʵܴ̼̫ҲСľͳԵӵģŵôѿԣòײȰת˺üȦ

ּһֱ²Ƿ꣬Ͼ˺¶٣ɢɢкЩҪġ
򸮷ּҺ˽ǽˣǷҲЩ

˵ϸ࣬ûŮӣ¶Ͻϣ˵ְţҲּˡ
֮ҪҪ׼½壬ϸǰһֱҲû徻

ʲôʱǸͷԴԹ֪ͽ޽Тô˹Ÿ
СȰ˵Ӳã۵ˣҲĻ

ⰲο粻οأµûţһֿۣʼ̾
Щ¶ڵԶɵ¶ͷ۵ġ

˵ϱɶˣֱ㣬īԺҲûźģƫҪˣ˵ⲻΪӰɣԽ˵Խġ
֣˵Ǻɶôǡ

ˡѡ
ǣֲʲôҲ͹˰ɣѰ˼Уܲò˳ҪǲϣôҵѾͷ˵ʲôҲ

Ʋ죺ҪǺүҴأīԺҲûźͱˡ
ôٵ-̵-̸ͻȥסϺߵ

ּȰܽԺôĺīԺңôүҪ衭˰ɡ
ϹүôȥˣӦҲһõġ

Ӷ֣ô˵𣿡
ЦɾջͻȻۣƽʱ㲻ҲһɶԺ¶Ҿе㲻ԡ

Ȼ¶ΣⶼˣŲԣ-˭




59.   59    ߲ƣһ

Զؾʱ, һѩ

бװعӣʵʽ˳ŵǺУŸչСҪӭϦ, ϰҲóͭӲĶ, ֵּˡ

ƫԶƽʱȥĵطٵĵض, ϲ, ַĵϲ죬˹׺õһֱţԶӭӵһЩ

үǰЩӳյСӣɹ˳Ϧ, ֪ĸءԶø϶˵Ǵ
Զɫȹ±ǰžǡ

Զ˿⣬ЦҲ䣺, 檶׼ˣһ·Ͷ٣ݸˮɺã
ԶŲͣ, һͳš

鷿ǰ, Զͣ½ŲûԶ˭Ҳҽ鷿, Ĺء
˻ûͷ, Զ¶һĨɬתͷԼĺԺֻҲ˿

˵Զ˵, ΪúÿӦĲǣеŮȴû˸裬Զ֪ԶҲĵЩ

Զ鷿ȡԼҪõĶīһƽ岮ͷˣ
īһͷƽսѾȡ˻ʺΣƽ岮УһӼƻС

ʺ󣿺ߡԶһĨ漴ţҴĶͽЩϾһûʾʾ
īһӦ£ԸˣŻŸջԶ˾СɽȪׯȥ

ŵǴ׵ĹûκԶĳһ·˳š
ȵׯӣԶСӽ׼õȪֵȥԼϵ̤Ȫ

һĨӰƵżϢ
Һõȣͷô

ԶӵűԼŮӣϵģȴ-ⲻǸʽʱһ¾ǵòؾЩӶҪˡ
ƽЦǲ긾ˣ¶СŮҵĽΣٺãҲûĽ

ϾһҰ⻹һ䲻֪ܽҰеĴ̼һԡ
¶𣿡Զֽˮ£ŵƽܵı飬ʵ

ƽ˿Լ-شūŶҪࣺ㻹ģ˵ֻںԺˣ֣ʦүӣ͸㶨ˡ
ǺǡʽûʧԶùһԵĺӣͷֵ㣬ԶùӵϣԴصˮС

ƽһڣǰԽʳԣҲ򸮵²ҪԶȥ
Զӻ֣--İͷӽѾ־Ůӡ

ԶԶԶ˿ӱߵϣһʴζŮˣǴżȣأԶǸϸģɲ㣬Ҳ޹ȥˡ
ڳӱϣȪˮһ˽һ˲ĵƽԼк·ûԶĻ

˺þãȪˮַӿκˮµȪˮˮɾƽſˮԶϣˣЩִ٣ǴͻҲҪЩʱء

Զ¶̧ͷǺӣͻûˣڰТڳ޲˳£
ƽЩ겻۾ǰӰҲͲٷѾֻϣôżҿӹǻ

ϵ׳Ҳˣ²ˡԶ˭֪һѲأ
ƽԳճЦ㵹ǺģôҲǡһ㡣

ԶסӵĵƽΪ겻ѣδ¡
Ҳ຦£ɱϾÿԼжܸоġ

Ҿϲݾ˾͸ɱϣϧһӶͷƽЦỺҾ͵ſϷôҿϸѸͷɱʧ
ԶЦóһȼҸһʧ

ǶҲӣԶֵԼϸɾϽеƽմĵط
ֵ¸ֱԶϴͨ죬ź¡

ԶԳ¿ʼ-Ӷš
ʱ򣬵ԶΪǰ˾ָʹȻҪƽæһЩϾٹʱ࣬ΪĻ߼дʲôôĶ빬

Զɼ¶ʮſʼûӻظˣֱֵЪڻʹĽ¥

ϱǳóϦ磬Զζʱ򣬴ŷֺ֣ʮֺõĻһ·ƺƵȥīԺ
īԺſڵС˱ŵû¡

ūżϡ̫ǡ
𿪣ֻԸС˱ѹס첲˿ûзϽš

ʱ򱻵ԶصذīԺŵĳͳⶼˣһǱ˾Ͷ
߲ư

ūŸ̫밲ôͶأзԸܸū˵ǡŬĽӲЦݸϽӭȥ
ߣԸܷԸö⸮Ӳ̫̫ʲô֧ʹö㣿

ࡣ⻰ҪˣͳԶͨڵϡ
̫ɷūˣҪūŵūŶжɲҵ⻰ѽūŵӴҪ޳

üУҲҪҪĺܼ򵥣ͳⶼҵ·ˡ
ͳһۣﶼֻ̫֪ʲôˣ˹ڵϲõضҲҿ

⻹ȥ͵͵ֻ֣Ƿֱһݣʲô

ҲΪǡ֪ԼҶӹϣҲǲūŵģֻûӻ֣
ǣͷӵԸӦϼüŪȥͳֽϡ

ҪˣΪãԶȥԸڸԷ⣬óһīԺ
ųڶ죬رڣٸᣬСʱһΪܵƤ౧̲֡

Էλ̫֡ٸˡ˻ǶûˣʶϺùޡ

Ҳֻ˼ͷߣֿܿһſ
Զ˵ģͨ͹ˣ̫ӷԸˣ˭ҲܽԷ˽ȥҪūŵ

ŶǺܺð죬ұ֤ɶҪȻĮº͡
ԲţԻ̫һΥĵ壬ū飬ūҲûȥˡ

ϲϻӸĵԸ󵶸Լϣޱ飺㿴˽ȥû㲻˽ȥҾ㿴ɶ֪˻𣿡

Եͷϥеһࣺ̫룬ū˲˷ŵľ塣
˵ߣãң

ͻȻһˣһ˲ȥҶľ𿪡




60.   60    Ȳ㣨

ʵ֪Է, ǵԶīԺصϣīԺūǵһһʵһûôˡ
ʵҲв²⣬ֻô㶼ò̫ܡ

Ƿֿô, ֻҪ¶, ˵ʵ顣
Զɾû׼кĬĬù, ˵˭ܽĸ, ֲУֻз

ȷУԴİһ֪ľǷ֣ʲôûŷ, ಻Ҳ˵˸ס
ԶǷִСĺӣСʱԶɱֶף⸮ϣҲͷָҽһɸ

ֲŲϹôͷͷƽ, ֻںԶкˣ֪ﲻȣͬԷ, ǵĸƽٷųźá

Żס, ԤϵҪһЩ˼ң﷽涼˵ԶֿʼԼԷ, һʱʲô¶ôأ

ﲻ, ŸҲ͸˵׶ϸǰñ߹ģ̫̫ڴ⺢ӳֲС
ֺ˵, ϼֱòֱӳ嵽īԺǽзָȰסˡ

һ֪ɸǺӣϷˣ˸ɸֽΣ
Ϻ޺޵ʣĸӣһǶǸ

ֽҭùǺɸһӣԼɡ
ϵˣҲȵӶˣѰ˼˺þãҲԶŰ˼ȵԶɲڸ׼˸ߡ

ԷϵľԺߡ
ַ첲᲻ص˵Ӷ

һԵͷиҲ¾ء
˼ͻɫŲͣ

ѿҲ˵ſڣ̫밲ӻûء

Ͽ죺ⶼʲôʱ
и˯öЩֵ
ֽӿڣһѹӴιɵŹǺ

ô˭ūţ
ЦʵҲסԼǶˣҲʵϽԼĴӻŮǸŶƤҲá

ϸɴȥţִȥղ裬ִ˰ԷתһŽԺúôС
Կϴһͨæ˭Ҳûȥ˯ң͵˿Զͽ⿪ӵĳͳҡҡͷ

ѩˣԴ䣬ĨһѷȫǺ
֣̫ƣһΪҪһʬˡ͵͵߶

ǳۣ˵ԼҲзأ֪ȻϽ̫ʲô
㲻ղű°ߺߣϽȥ˸ӱŶ

ΪϹʱ̫磬û˯þˣа¾ҪˣǶӴѾ
жѿæź£߷رĴЬӴϣź׵ӣ̫ˡ

ŶסˣĶأ
أ˵ǲгѿѡ

ұû຦£Ը˵㣬Ҳҽ̫ţæҪȥ̫밲
һžͿŸӵֺ˶ڹһźʱˤƵġ

ŵɫףԸ䲻ǰסңҪʲôŶôأ
һæ񣺡̫ҵĲǡ

ô󻹽ʲôأá
ҹԹŶϣƼɫֻ࣬Ŵ˵

һϲ̧֣Ŷӵֽ˽̫Ҫ
ֻϣ޺޵ģ㵹ʵҸ˵ʲôţӺͷȥ˰ɣ

漴ϱһţϰӴһǶԾֻϻйɫľΪģƭҡ
ֶûֻȺõѸڰϣȻɫ࣬ȴ᣺Ⱥȵˮһˡ

ϱסһԣ񻹲ϴҶŲϻҪ߶ûôģ˲ӣҡ
ѽͻȻŶʹ

ϸæչôˣĶȥд򣡡
ЦеԶӲף̫ϸойϤʹ˲١

ǲ̫Ź⺰۵ģӸǲܸģ˭ҲԾͱ̫˵ڡ
Ŵһڣû¶һֱͷɵӣϱϾҲ˼

ȴţ̲ס߳ҾͿǸ۶ģŵС˭Ҳơ
͵͵ۣôǵõ̫̫ᵽһѾϣϲұֹأ

̧ͷһۣں£Ҳңһֱؾصģź˱ҲӲиɲ֪þӣүһֱ檣ҲǶӴ˲֪ġ

ϵۣͲʲô֪ƽ̥Сģϲܲ
ţ͸һáҲ˵
ҲΪѣ㲻ϱţôôӾô

Ҫ˵Ϊɶ϶ӣǶӼģұ໹еİߺۣѾͷͲô⾰Ĳ֪ϸ˶ٻء
ҵǲסһȵԶɻ˸ܻ

ҪͷͻȻ͵һۣӴ
гĹͻȻ;һʪŵӶסˡ

治ˣˣ̫̫ҲǲģҵʻûأҪ˰
̫ҿ̧ͷһʳڣңҺˮˣǻа𣿡

˵ʶȥѿѿҲŰҽŮ˵ģҲ˵İûô죿
첲ɵۣԼ侲

ÿҽˣȻҿô졣ϵҶͷŷַԸȥѽӽйˮ㼸̿ӡ
ֵֺǲżļǸŵģ֪ʲô

ͷԸأȻżɿҲЩԸָʹŷɡ
ܿԷ򣬻зȻ٣ȴɣæš

ѿ״˿й򣬷ŸŽ׼õĲһҲѾ
ŵľʣһˣоһ۵ͻȻүأүʲôʱ

˺ӣ᲻̫̫ߣһ̫˺ӣ˭һ˴أ
ԽԽ£ּʹԽԽܼһƬæµţҲ벻ܵƣɸоƤ飬ͻȻһͻȻؿ޳

ŵùǺ߽ʣôˣ
ءҲˡҿź޵úף̫ˡ

һ벻ףôͲˣǡ⻹ɵ벻Ͳˣ
ұϸ첲޵øء˺Ҫߡ

ɫӲʲôʱ˵Ҫˣ
Ҫ˴ңһûҲġءұ۾͵͵ϡ

ϿЦãϷȴңȲ㣬˵
ӺõĻŵ͵һʹ׼˰Ľֶһ۵Ŀ

£Ϊӳ̫죬ĺӲŸоͷ˻˻ۣղ̫ǻ޵øˡ

Ҷû뵽ͷ̥ôףĸӶ࣬Щɵۡ




61.   61    Ψһ

ʱϹ, һߴſһߺС࣬ҲŸոչʱʱ
ϱŻͨͰ͵ӻͷټô, ûһ, ˵ЩǱ, ͦ, йԺȡ

ô˵ҲǸиġ

ִ׼õֽţ˿Ц⡣
ȺӱСıȥŸо, Ҳ˵Ķͻ͸ŷ

㡭һ죬ͼҷ룬ͨͨӶ, Ϲ̵ֲģҪѺӱõĻô˵ˡ
Ҷ˶ӣ, ۰ͰͿֻĺ, ȴǲ˵ûˣ޶޲Ӳ

üޣǸûжӵë, µҲ
̾, úõĻôͲܺú˵أ

꺢ӣúúϢɲܿ, ޶ϸ۾Ӱ˵Ļ˵ҲɾᣬɵøЩ
ģӾţĶȥô䣬ȥٶźӡ

ƲƲ죬Ҳ˵ʲôŸˣɿų̶رоĴӣʲô뷨ûˡ
ƾǧȫˣֻǺӿֵֺĿ졣

÷ź㼸죬㶫ιèأֲðѺôС߶
ֶ˰ӼܳȥˣƽǸȵסģȻľλӡ

ͷؼŴӣʵǸû߶ˣʱëеҸȼ˼
ҲЪϢˣҲ˯ūźȥּ۰ͰͿźӣ֪ЩȵĿ࣬Ҳ˵ֻϸķߡ

ҡ
ҲЩӳҲҪ˯ˡִߣСȰū֪ϲɺôӣܿӲǣȺүǻҪ˵˵𣿡

ǿѹ´һ絽ڶûȥļ˵öԣ޵²ȥ֣Լһ²ȥ𣿡
ָЦźӳʵ¶أҲȥˡ

ϣɫչȴܵҲ۵úܣǿ˯˹ȥ

˵Ϧ󣬻кö¶æ깬ﶼԿˣɵԶĪ궯Ǳƣʵסҹľ͸ϻˡ
īԺͳⶼӭϲӣ˸Сӡ

Զɹ˲ûϲֻһǻаǲǱ˾ˣ
Զ͵ƽ̽ĶԶɫ˲

֧֧᣺Ǹˡ̫һҲ֪ĶϢ˿Էţûˡ
ɫѿֱӣôػ𣿽̫֪ˣǵôǲɡ

æЦСӶĸӾǱƻ˾šҽŮ˵ӵ޹ЩʱҲеģ̫˼ˣ˺ЩöȥԷ÷չСء

Ҳ˵ͺ޲øԼһƣ϶õܴܵȾˣȻֺõĻ˳⣬ӸһţֻǶһ鶼¶

Զ˿ĸΪĸӣֻĸ̫ϡӣҲ½ȢаѺӱȥ
ٶ˵粽ԷȥӳûܼţһȲӣӵס

ǵſڣͽסˡ

ͽ˶ſأѹԶŴ˵۷үϺأɲӽȥСӣڶݸٽȥɺã

ԶɴСֵĻ԰¼УȥͷϺȥŰԷ
ţǲ̫Сࡣ
ӱߣôɫĽϸֻ¶ͨͨͰ͵С۵͸СҲ΢΢ţȻûžǸͬ˯ˡ

ԶüҪˮϣҵһ˯ˡ
Ҷ˯һˣձѹ

ɳɤһЩϲסԶɵĴ֣Ҹ˸Сӣ
ԶһҸŹ˯㡣

Ҷ˯˴ˣЦеҵĹ͹ǰͷҪʵɣ
û˶İӣҪˣǰС۵ҲѽֻĪûʱôģĵúܡ

ԶЦźڴڲ࣬ᱧסӣ֡
ͨ죺ֻͷء

޷ԶЦŴ޽һ£͵ҶСҶҺܻϲ
ҿѧһСС˰Ѻӱ˰ɣ

ԶЩ׺ۼ۽ǣЦЦ㶼̫һͨû̫̫ͬźӣ
Ҳ˼صͷʵںٿˣҲӵʥ̫ţ۵ӲתƣֻѡԼֵķӡ
̫ʴȣƵĳ̫ϲ⺢ӣرϲ

Ȼ̫˵ʹǱﲻסЦǿ˵ġ
ԶζķİɣԽϲԽĸӷֿģǺΨһס

һ£Ӧϲ񣬵һϽȥԶɵ졣
˵зһˣ

ԶСְأСԴϾͱϹѰ˼úžˡ
»ǱҲǸý֪ϢˣȻҲԸǾѣԶҲҪΪı޵λ֡

ǧ۾գҲգնɱˣѪ罦ϣȴʵܲСĿڣװܲסƴһѣҲޡ
ԴһֱڿϣҲһͷ

ЩľĻϲҲҼ˵½ͷֻڵԶ°ףǡ
ֱС׵ɣԶź˯¡

ڶһ磬Զûѻ˯ңְѺӱߣȥá
Ҳû˯ãﶼԼʲôöӵģԶɣЦе̰

Զûǰ
ͷ͹ˣҶţ֪ĻΪǺءߵ

Զɲ粵ǶӵĴֻδָǰ̫׽˷֣ŽзЩ
ŶѵСˣɫ䵭Щºһͱұԭô˵ģҪӣңҵı֤

ԶɣǣӴˣΪƶӣ˻˱ĹЧ֪УӲ΢ЩΪ˸ĸҲѣƾĸ𷣡
Ϻ˿ڲ裬Ȼ˵ΪźΪ֪ҵĵޣ򸮿ݲͷ󡣡

Զ̧ͷ濴ϣӷģͷĸٴġ
Ҳͷǲڵġ

Żɫɣôˣ
ҳʱιءԶһԣ̫ѨҲĸҹû˯á

ŵԶֺãӸճôô֣÷ֽЩҿԷСͦõģͷĳӹȥһһͶֳԡ
Զɵͷ

кƤۣѾԸ߷õѣСʱҲأľҡͷŽȥúӹͷЩáһ˵ûꡣ
Զɰ㲻ͷûУ߶һѡ

Ȼ˺ӣҲûˣܵøЩ档Ϲ񫣬ңµʱ߼˰ɡ
ְһ¸ｫͷһ߸˼Ǳ

Զҡҡͷĸף⺢ӻ¶ĺʱ򣬳˸֪֪׵ūţҲ׼ͷ֪ͷ̫ƽ
ˣϴ¶죿ǶίҴӰҲ̫ûˣûŮ˺ͺӸί

ԶɣȻЩҪǶԵģ




62.   62    һ

ڵʱ, Щ굹Ϊͷڸﶼ˾أֻ˺ЩͿеԶֵŪͷ¶
ʱ̫˻ʡ, Ҳչ, ϴСûܹί, ˺ϷҲŹ, ܲûڡ

ϹүӲͷΪţͷϷţϱ˺ü꣬ϴӵԶС͸, ôڶУǲڸŪ޵¶
Զף길ױĸ״ŵʱȽ϶࣬㲻, Ҳ֪ĸ׵Ľᣬûĸһء

ЩһֱȢޣܺԺʲô, Ҫ˸, ӸǲС
˵˾ǲܸԼĿ꣬ԷСССԶɳԴ, һŭĸ, ʵڲ֪˵ʲôֻǾЩۡ

˵Ȼǰͷ, µʱڴ̣еһ㶼ûˣҪƤһػҵңдʣˮϯǰ죬ҴȻǡȿȣ첻УһҪеģ˭Ҳû͵͵ġ

Զɻǲܲ˵ûкӵݳǰɣ֮ԷһίؾͲŵ¡
ΪˡڵԶɸ첲ϣԼۣڸҪɣ

Զ̾ץܵʱ˼ɺãǽҪʱǽ֪кһס
ֵϲˣճСཿ۰ϸŶ˵˵ˡ

ǾίӣϲȥԷϴ֪
ö͵Ҳûô͵ֹ̫˵һء

˵̫ͻȻӦ¶Ҫ棿
˵̫ͬˣΪΨһŮӣǲһġ

ԶЦ¶Ի˵ͷİɣץܵʱ򣬶ӱ֤һӶܹšʱ
־ЩԣһӣӣҲò̫ȫɣ

ɫ볡ĵԶɣٿеԶɺ˵ӣֵͷʲôҲû˵
صݺڴţ룺үûȥѽ

ʥ˶ϢȻҲǿϢġԶɵȻǰ˾ȻֵΪָʹʱ̴ڹ
۰ͰͿү𣿡

Զ֪ʲô°Ͷʾһ£ڡ
ɫЩ࣬ûüźɾ͵ˡ

Ȼһʱ䣬ںˮˮǰͷʲôӣأȻѵ¶

òױۺȵûûζļ¶ģڵԶϣ߶үûˣرÿ˵߳˶˫۾

ԶɿЦãʲô֡
ҵͷЦ˵ǸģҶﳤСҲٳԶȫˣĽһ㣬нѹһ£᳤ÿ졣

Զɼģ֪ʲôֻԴһ£Ҹĸ˵ˣţֻҪίĸӣϴ¶ܴˡ
Ҹ˵òˣʵݾͺãܲ۸ѽкС㻹û޹ĸӡ

ү˵ʲôŲЩҲֻŽ೤Щ⣬ĶүġЦеһرɵģ
Զգʱ㵹֪ˣСƭˡ

ߣҴƭˡ
Զɣܾ⻰̫Ծ

ѿһ͵Ц˳֣ϥ
үͷʣѿͷ˼ȴû˵ģֻŴѿһ

ιӣ㽫ӱ䣬Զɾڴϣһ仰û˵ȴֿһתұӡ
õԶһ۶ú󱳶ϸëͽзֲ᲻ô˿ֻһԹźš

ұźԶɸǰգƣ۾ÿÿֶ˵⺢ң˶Ǹÿġ
Զɳ˰죬ҲǺƤͰ͵ģ㿴ÿļЦүͲÿˣ

͡Цӷ·ȾһС³ΪԶɽżǵζˡ
ְ˵үСʱ¶Ȼˣȴ̲סЦ

ԶСʱΪÿţԼܸо¶ҲҪʤġ
үɣûˡԶۣҸϽӵݸԶɣܵýн֪Լ˭ѽ

ԶɱźӣһӲѰ˼˭ҸСӵ
ҼԶɽţԼղΪʲôЦɿڽôӣԼҲǽѧġ

һֵｫڰ죬ˣ˸޳ݵĹǷ۾ڵԶɻ˯˹ȥС䶯ţõԶЩ档
ȻĸֵСǴ󷿺ͶĺӺʱǼġ

ʱЩӶСӺÿҲû˵ĸоͺ񡭡һ˻Ƶġ
һ̧ͷҴǷ

ʵÿǳ˯˯˳ԣֻǺӸճ±˱ߣһֱԼߣСιڣһĪѣһҲûô˯á
ţ˯ӵݸ֣Զ

ǿ쵽ʱˡЩ˼ĳ٣˯ѹǶѵģз֪Ҫ˵ûˡ
Զɲܣ£һã˵ˣ

ðɣĹؾүĻģģţȵԶɻ˯˹ȥ
ֻ˵ûһšţѹʱ򣬶ڶˡ

𣿡ѿź
ҵͷǶô磺ȸİɣأ

ѿŷصܽظ˹һѸڿϣ˹š
Сι̻˯أٸ
ģүأ˵Ҫһ

ѿŵĶ£ͷŵ˵ǺСûˣүȥˡ
һûˣԭǺúõ𣿡

ѵô࣬ȻûȺĪЩ

¶үū˵ˡѿ׼˵ģɼɫףǵڣ˵λСӹһֱ̫ãǰҹҹҹҹѹ˵Ƽˣһ˾ûˣ״һģһ

˼ɲΪˣ
ΪǾ֤ǰͷҲΪ˵Υ֪Լʲôˡ

ѿǲ֪ôϸū澲֪Ӧûڲ飬ǸӦûʲôģȺúţʵڵģԵȺүʡ
ѿҲƵĸûˣȢ֪׵ģԺӺСӵӻ治˵ӵҲеġ

ùţźӶһһ춼ûܵȵԶɻ




63.   63    үˣ

ù, źӶһҲûôЪţֻ˼ŵ˻ظһ, ûܵȵԶɻ

쿪ʼ, ԶͻȻʼæ, ÿչͺӵʱ, ˯ʱҲֻԶԶһ۾뿪
һֱԪڣҶûҵʵԶɡ

ѿǱ֧ʹȥԴˣҲûȻ, ֻ˵ԭ˽ڵԼأ˸סˡ

ģһǺܲģҲǵԶɲԸӽԭ
Ϊûʱ򲻶, Ųׯͣ飬˽¶ӣԼȥׯϡ

ȹԪ, Զɲ, ųͽõĳԴȥĺ¥Ӽ档
һЦӸǽʲôˣоԸƱȵ컹ѡ

ԶɴЦЦ˵ڶӿ, ԼҲֻһ֮ң˰ɣֻϧһΪԶֲɼľ롣
Ԫǰ˾æ, Ҳ٣ָʹҲ͵жӾõˡ

ЦǾЦ, ҲԼһ⣬С㡭ʵûɺүҲСˣٵ鲻˰ɣ

Զɲÿɷ񣺡ĸȷʵżźجģѾԴЩˡ
ǵý̫úñǡЦЩҪ˵ʵ̫ӹһֱҲĲǺүܾף̫ȻǸٰġ

Զһ£¶һ˿ЦұͲ̫ãޡֻûôýĸװġ
һϲֻϱ鲻䣺үɻǵ˵бãõ֪뺫С㶨ףһֱıڸ࿴˼ң񻹴ֹУǲɾһԵ

ԶЩȻ¶ǲ̸踸ĸ֮ý֮ԣĸЩʱҪȥƽ岮ݷˡ
ЩԶ͵ǿͷӦ˰ܽö򸮱Ĵ˷˿ɾǲԶˡ

˷ֿ󣬶ӻصûã˽һϺõҩĺͲƷûϢȥ򸮡
ʱƽյϢ̲סЦ⻹в۵ģժӣʲô¶ء

һѡԶ˴ĺöʵ˵ʲôأʲôӣ
˵㣬ҲøϽˣƽ٩

ɫһ£漴ֱ׳ҸҪúЩûЩ¡
ƽд⣬Ͳ͵νŲŸ⡣

ǰЩʱȪׯϵ¶ƽЦ欣վͽ˸͹
߸˳ţƽתֵ£һ˰ɣƣĺܣҲ̹ˣ¿޲ÿ

ֵɫ䣬ֻͷǣūȥ

˵Դϣ¶ʮŴ˶öԷ
ϴʱ˵Ǹиģ˳˵ڳϦĺӣʮǿɲÿ궼ܹ¶ʮϦʱ

ſõСһ﷢͸һˣزֻǿӣԽԽϲңиġ
ﲻһһƵĳµʱС첲ֳˣźƵģСƯǸ˿˾߲·

ԭЩֺģһЩϸݵĵطˣݵĵطϺʹѿ࣬ԽĹҵĵطĽ۾

ŮǸ˾Ͳܶÿ֣ۼŵģԺƲֻһ˼ӭĵԶɣ֪ЪԷˡ
˵ЩʲôģֻȴѵòôִҼ

ʱﶼңͷ¶ҲǲܿǣôЩ
ұֺǰһվȺ¶Ҫ̹ʹ˾ϲÿģֱǻ߳һ㡣

ĸ˦ͷţƤڽǰơ
˵ǰ·СӺƵĽŴɫСת۵͸Сȥ۵Сſſˮӿ

ӴӴˮӴҵԼҵĺӡ̲סӹӣĴӣЦ˻
ЩʲôпˮĲǵԼҵĺӣôģԼҺӿˮ

ôƯĺǰ岻סŵЦӾŵƣָǿĿת
ӵūںϣֻеԶĬĬһߣӶңֱƵııϺϼȾϲ˼֡

Ͽ϶Ƽһ̲סƲƲ죬ʵôõʱ򣬿Ǳӽ߬סһָͷƤӶŲһֺֻӡ

۲ΪϱźȥԷ׼磬ǲأţϻǼһҪһš
ҲɡϼҹؾվиЩҲǹֻҪԺ㱾ֵַģԺӻںͷ

ҵͷ˳ǣ檼ˡ
ͷûкҲ֪ǴӵԶżɨľŻӵĿԼϾͺѰ

ţ̫˺һ磬ЩƣˣַŻȥЪζ
һ㶼ҵԶɶģԼϾҪͷһͷһʱ򡭡㻹ɡ

ұźӲ֣Ǻι̵ʱקŴѿ溢С·ЬӣôϿԶɡ
ԶɵҲûѰ˼ŴɵʲôҪԷò˵ʱ˶Ҳá

ʩʩȻصǰͷȥֻЦһҵĻЩţЩϴ
ˣؿð죬ЩϴǳԷǳ

ѿЦͲܶԣүˡ
ɫ죬֪Լˡ

ѿһ۽ݣȻЩµģɲ֪ģԷڣ˺һûסӹｫԼϲ庣ĻǶ˳
ʱ򣬴ѿʰݾ̲סЦ֪ǿԼĶǶˣϺð첻ѿ

ֻҲἫˣ쳤һЩȴ̲סȥ
ǲţҹɫȻԼĽˣͷжʱҲˤԼеĲյ

̺һܽתſڣȴһŲ

ȻЩ룬ԼĿֱҲ·Զɴ粽Ķƶ
ӣʥͣ̽ʥͻȻСŹµ

ſڽŲסˣͣˣҲˣĪЩϤĸо֡




64.   64    ƣһ

ȵԶɽʱ, Ǭ͵ڵƻ̫ͨӺͶӶڹУʺҲڻߣһ˵ȶŵƽ, Ҫж졣

μʥ, μʺ󡣡ԶɶԵƽĿӶ, ֱ˦ӹ밲
ʥ˺Ͱ, ô빬మˡ

Զɲɫɨ̫ӣ°Ȼɫȴÿе, ֻҡ

ƽǺ꣬ŽӲʥǰ޳

ð֮ô࣬ЩҲ֪˶ٰܵü, Ҳˡƽ޵۾ףһҹУȴ鲻, Ҳ, ȥĸ󣡡

ʥҲͲ޶ˣŶɨʺһۡ
ʺԸȴòڣڰ˳䣬ǧ̫, Ͼ㻹, ܲýкڷͰ׷˲ǣ

ƽίͷ޵øҷĲ£ûʱȥġ
˿ɫʥ, ҶЩᣬ˭֪ƽͬūһûأĹûĶ˵һЩ

ܴô룬ƽҪľпԣʥǰָ򲻼ޣһҪ˵˼;ʳûˣҾʣһβܽѪָǴͻɣ

ֱùöվߣҲ˵ƽ岮򸮽׵˼ۿŵԶɵͷùúһô¶
ֻʣһЩ׶źÿ

üʺʹɫʺ˿ǿ¶Ц

żԵ¶ܲǿҪ˼ǣʺӲ˲۽ǣ˵Сոûˣأǲǿ

ԶɵͷҸĺɰȥƸģ˵һ

ƽͷô˵궼ʮˣǲТ޳ȥȳТͶʮˡҲ᲻ýίֻºүȲǺүڼסĸͶˡ

²ûЦⲻǿ˼ǳҴ˻ǺˮˣĸĹ˼ʲô¶
ʥ̾˿ŵԶºͣ԰ô˵

ԶʵϲƽĸŮǵĵǲġ
ɻͻڵƽļƸĸŮӲ̫ޣȻ˭Т䵽

ڵԶҲûһôã᲻ýظü꣬Ȼ¶ǰƣټһѻ
ԸȢȫʥ⣡Զɹص

Ӷɳƽ岮ô죿ô򱻵ƽȥǿٿȻ

ƽɨһۣôɵҲѣϣǵԶЩԾɱﵶûóء

ȻˣִͻɣҲýڰڼ޹ȥȫ롣ƽѹɻֻжʥ˵
ʲôԵĵط̽ҲҪ¶

ʥ˵ͷˣңӣּɡ
ǣūȥ졣Ҳɫǣͷ̧Ӧ

ȵԶӦƽصѾǶʱ֣붼ûͳԷȥˡ
ֻǽʱѿ

ԶѿͷƤ飬ȴҲ˵үӽմС˯˵˵硭ǰԺϢ
ԶߣҲǾôźģһʱһΣôϢã

ѿϽ£浱ֵ᲻Сӡ
ǾԶЩʹ죬⺢ʵЩҲСճֿ޳Զֻתǰͷ

ţԶĪоЩ̫ԣʱúõģȻһֱֻǴⰻȻӺˮڴǵסġ
ôͻȻЩֻǳòʱ

ҪͽʥּԶɸоЩͷǼӸ˵ģɱյԸϲźá
ȻûӱŽ˯Զɲ޶˯⣬ԽԺͳš

ͺ𣿡

ԵͷʱûвʲôΣɺСǰи֣鵽˽ͷ˳˶Ӹϣٲȥλںǰһ溫С͹ˮ

ӣԶɲöӻԶ֣ǶҲƽ岮˲Ŷԡ

ԣǶߵԭ˳ڹʱΪɵֻ֡Ǳɵߺұ㲻ûֻܲ鵽ʱƽ岮Ϣ

ԶɻǾòԣʥҪնӵϢԼĸɶӣʥӰڶ࣬еǷӡ
ƽԶû˼ʵ

ҡͷûУƽȥӸͶҲӼ棬ǵ洫ϢҲûпܡ
˶ͳԴԶɵԸԶǱȲعܣ˴ŸԶʱ

Ҫ͸ƽԶһݴݴٲԶ֧֡
Ӧū֪ˡ

Զתͷ򳣺һ࣬ӹиҪҪԸҲæš
ȥԶɶ£׼һѪĶƣ͵Էȥ


Զ̲ססˣ˵鷿һʱýĺ

Զ߳һţʲôأҷԸڶ飿
ӣⶾơǸģƨСʵ

Զ俴һۣȰ£ô㿴ӡ
Īһѣ˿СӲŸճǾûӴӴǰɰÿСû

ҪʲôʹأôѰ˼ףһֱŶȥԷûͷ
ʥּ͵򸮣Ǻܿʹˡ

ҴӴѿ˵󣬲ûˤϵĺӣɫ˲԰ֽ
ѿ˵֪ӲˣҲû뵽ӻôӦŵιȥСеʧѿļա

ӣôˣū澰ѿСĵݸ֣£̿ů紺ҵֶȴģĻź

ǶȳȥԶԶ̽ţƼ겻ӣԸ
ѿΣֻܵǵظһź˳ȥ

Զɷ̣ұڻо£۵÷·һƵġ
СҶ£㿴ңҡԶҵסţ

תԶϣܾ·֮үˣ
һֱڡԶɱЩʲôᷢͺӻúõģҲ޽

Ǹ֣̲סһ£ܾöʹ
СҶԣ㿴ʲôԶɽƺõǰ

ƣżлżľζ
ԶɵͷǼѪĶơ

˲ȻɫЩſŵԶɣ·۵ֻǰڣҪң

Զɷ¾ƺ°ͣǽֱֱҽĵף泣Դ׼ģҪִǣ




65.   65    үУ

ĵ׵ĺ, õԶնĻûһ롣
ǿǿ૵漴·ЩʲôͷܿԶɵĿ⡣

ԶҲ˵ʲôϱӡȫΰ, ԼԸǳج, ͸Ըȥ䡣
Ǹ, ðȥ

ûи˵, һجΣԶɽ°͸ҷһʱȥı飬㱻㱨˳𡣡
һһ𣬲ǵԶҪ̧ͷ, ȴز

ҶҲ˰ɣ£ֱԺجζˡԶɵЩԶ˭, Ƶġ

ǺүεҶٴ𣿡ҷ·𲻾૵
رңϱǱƣ뵽, ˼, ȻΪҪɱԼ

Զһµľɫֻε˵ҪȢ, ܻϲ, ܵ
˵ĪЩԣ²Ű˵ȥ, ˵Ȣ׾ҪǶˣʵҲ˵⻰ѽ

Ҫ㣬ܻϲԶüڿӡ
ҳĬ˻ǻϲģƽƽӣĵ˭˭˰

ԶɱֻǲҼƽԼΪ˵￪ʼˬˡ
㻹滶ϲˣԶ̧ͷ°Ϳϣô뿪

գ۾˼̫ԷӦЩģһʣܱסĻҲûϲ˺Щˣ˵˻ء
Զɱҭ˵һûͣׯӲȱӣĶĶĸɾ䣬ﲻֻԶԶ򷢵Ҳزǵĵطȥˡ

ڸͷֽʲôľͲظССˡ

ҼգۣвҪʣҪɽȥ𣿡
Ҷ㡭Զʶͣ漴Ӧ˼Ŀ⣬Ҳ˵ȥˡ

ѧüô˵ˣθһͦȫġ
ԶɸоЩԣЩԣ벻ô㱨ĳ𣿡

Ҵӣ룬ˣ˭ں¶ء
Զü˵˵

֪׼ô𡣡Ҵ˻

Զ˿˵ͺãԶЩͣԴ̫ӷˣ󱻵ƽˣ˵Լԭݣȴƽ͵˺ܶ鱨׼Ҫƽ֪ʲô֪ʲô

ŵԶɵָͷţ˶ɳûǰµӡ
ڻ˿һĵԶɣǼ⴫һӼ¶ȾȥˣԽǲʵԽǴûʼϻ

ǵƽûпȻҼ޽ȵʵʱԽǰ㴦áԶЩĵ˵š
ŸȤʲôʵʱ

Զһѽ˱˵ô˵ҿڿˣ֪࣬Ҫı֡
ұĲӣоĻ⣬Щ£ҲǺ£ֻǡĪͷƤ֡

ȢûѽҸо·ɿʧʱ򣬲ҿϲԽԽٵİӰֻƫͷȥʡ
̵ӰסеĺûУֻҪ㣬ҹ˿ĺӣˡ

̲סɴ۾˵
˵ֻҪ㡣Զɹģؽ뵽֮䣬ֻҪСҶ

Ǳ⻰̵һ㣬̲סˮһпӿȴûÿġ
˵ǸмǡϲʲôģҲҶ룬֪ԶҲ֪ϱӵ¶Ÿж

ٰĵˣȻѾ־飬βһЩأ
ѾʼͿţһñҧס꣬˫ץס˱졣

꽻֮ʣԶܾô˼ضΪֹζﲻþԼ̢֮ʣԶͻȻ֣ŶûĶķꣿ

СҶԣҧŴԶɵͷʹҳӭǡ
Щͣ۽ǱƳӣֻҡͷ

Զüǲ𣿡
Ϻģҡͷʵø

ƵܲסҲſ޳ǲϲڴ齼鷿ʱͲҳģءôϲ
Զһ£˵һεΣﲻסձ˵Ļ𣿺񣬴ţƺ˵

Ͻǵ۽ǵӣԣҴˣôôţţ
ҷ˸ʹ죬ԼǲӰӵ̻죬ȷͣЪãͣ³

Ҷԣˣٿ۾Ҫ۵ġԶɳԱ㣬ýҪɵӡ
ȴֻǽͷϽţҲϸ˵ԶŻһŵСȴֲҪȥǵֱ

ֱҳҭ˯ţԶɲŽʰãὫ£ڻŰ˯˹ȥ

ڶһ磬ԶɽкӿѣʶĻнûѹļš
ôˣԶ俴ʡ

ֱŵùǺϽ£غүĻСϳ̣Ҫ߼˯ģŲϵζ˯
ԶüӸŻڳƯӣ۵С۾ͱͷˣֺʹѿһۣԱ߷ֶֹ

Զߣϵģȥ壬򸮵жڸܹ֮߻ˣȥɡ
üСʱҲϲţϹүûô

үʵڲĿС۰ͰﹻĿӣſڡ
Զߣһ¶ͷֿ˳ȿȱн̫С

Ų˵ˣû³λ˯ء
ԶɲҿͳţЦãҵԷŶ᷿Լۿ̲ס̾

ɸϲȻôԺ˷ˣôأ

һֱ˯ѹѿźʱٿЩ߲ĺۼȻе죬ɺôϰˣΪӸˡ
үרóԻҰɽΣȥߵؼ´С˵ǲӣūźţ

һ£˭һȼ
Ͻҡͷʲôţҳľͳˣһˣأ

ѿ˶ٲŻش𣺡Сڶ᷿˯ء
Щ⣬˵᷿ǸģɳҲûǱߴô

˯˽ֱɣǱ㣬ǽ˯һӣҼϵСкԼ˯

С˵ģԼ˯֮ǰôģС۾ɾҲᣬǰ׿ɾĶù͵СӶڣСȥ

ѿЩΪѣ¶Ҫ˵
ϾСӲңСӵĴڿǻء

֪ˡҲǸ¶ӵĺӶȥˣС͹
ѿ͸ˣǺүźүСðɣ

ҿѿ˼˽ֶΣϱƭԼŻԼôõĪЩҧгݡ

˵ͷĶôϻɴѿš
ѿǲС񣬿ͷƤֹס飬Ϊ¿ʼźԺʲôˡ

ôźһϣӷڰӪʱĻ绰ѿЩģѲɡǺүУ

ճϵĵԶɣͻȻ˸硣




66.   66    Ҳ

ˣ, ԰ӽǱߵЩþƣٲүһݡ㿴ԶɱЦӭ
ȻˣĳԵ㡣Զü

ʥǰӦƽ£̬Ȼû, ɼƽ庢һ֡
ЦøЩȻ, ӦõĻ, Ҳ游ʽһ׮, Ҹõ游ʾһ

ԶЦʥлĶţԼ棿

Ʊյŵ˵, »ͨݱ²С˱ۣѾŵ˷ص˵λܱ߸عϵ, үǷһ˲Ű

Զɫ䣬˾صְشͶ첼˾ǸĲ, Ҳ׵, Ҳܺٻòٱ
ǴƷְֻ˾˾ûжԱ൱Ʒ

»ȥͨݲһ, ν, Լı£Ҳƽ岮ʾõĳ⡣

ҲʲôݣӰ, ҡԶǳЦֻ»ǲҪ˵ΪãӾΣ

ٺЦ˵λüΪƯ˵̲סһӣǸ֡
ǽ֪Ĵڣ֪ļıְֻ»嵽ŪǸˡ

㲻ǸϧģѵãԶ˰УҲǸѱӦҲ޷

ɻҪ˵ĸְο˹ùһùùûôġ˵ûˣѪȻҪһġҲǱûǸ֣ҲܺүȢûǱãǶݡ

ôԶɴ
ƽȨӣ֮е飬ֻϧλӲҰﵽװ˭

Զ̬Ȳǰ˾ҲԼ͸¶һЩˣͺȶ˽˸ӻ̧ȥ
ԶɾվڼװϣӸ¿ϸµźŶԶȥǶԶµıĸ̾

˲ڴϣ㿴ʲôأЦ
Զתͷһ˶ϳȥˣ

Բڣ̫ϲ´űζȥ
Զмֲ죬̲ס¶һеЦС³Զ⵹ϲ¶

ǵһƽ̫ЯλµĶһһЩ
²ԭĵطҶǸɵӱסˣ

Զɵͷⲻ֮е¶Ǹٲʡ֧֡
үӵʡںԺǰеҲ

ǵƽţúԺд´Ӻƽ岮Ҳûôװʺȥ

Ҵ̨ɽĸѾ쵽ǣ׼ʱԶ֣ɫʣ븸̸˼Σ̫Ҳڻʺǰ˺üΣѾԼиϢٲֻ֣ǾҪˡ

᲻ᱻΪ̫ӣֻҪԶʱ࣬Ƚһɸϵ¾ͻΪϵİӣ¶ƽΣ
Զٶʥ˶֣ʡԶռһС룬ΪԶĴڣͽפҡֻҪƮҡ

Ҳ˵˭ϻλϰҪܿ࣬ɽȵ˭ǻʵ۶
˵ɫ̲ס³ʥֻǺͿˣԶСϣӰʲô֪ȻԴ޶ԣҲ֪ʥ˵׽ܽɽںεء

ԶɵǲżʱʲôΪǿҪЩϾǶҲСʥͬ
һ£˵֪㡭

̫̫ʥ֪̫ˡԶɵ룬ʥҲǺ׼Զܲ¶ĽɽܻȻҲҪ𣿡
Ǳ֪ԶʥȻʹԶƽڲңܽ޴棬ΪЦ

浽ʱ廹С˶ԴֵܶĽڣǱߣӿɲֻạ̊́˽ļҲ١

üȻ̫ḧޣοߣǰ࣬Сʱ黹Щθ
㻹ûش¡

ԶžƱЦԶɣһ˶֣ٲʥ˼ɵԶһ֣йɣʥȻ
Զ׼ûʼҶ¶Ϊ𢣬ѱʥ˲ǨŭԶ֪ƽڡйأʱ򲻹ܷʲôʥ˶ֻᰴ²ᡣ

»ûϲ㡣˻⣬ȡһС̫͹µһƬ⣬ôĵһӣ˵ӡ
ӡԶ̫ӵĻ̧ͷĿԣ˵Ҳӡ

һ㡭ֻǸѾߣ̫ܵ𣿡

֪ͨݺóǣѾ˲һ֣Զ˹ͨݺѾ˼ʮ꣬˽̸ڣǸ鷳йԱɽͨץѵ᲻ø߹ٺ»

ʧЦЩû»ȥͨݣС̵˺·鵽ʱ̫ǰ˶ɹֻ˳ƶΪ
ܲһһ佫ͨ£ٻӯһ룬ʱ˵࣬һƷְǲڻµġ

Ϊǰ;д֮ĶƷԱ򸮻ûô

Զɲÿɷ񣺡ǳļ£¾ͲزˣЩ̫Ϊã˵ԶѾ̣ͽˣʱ䲻˰
µۣ¶ое𣿱֤µǰ£ҲŸ̫С֣һԶء

治Ǻȶˣ˵̫˳أԶɸɵյоƣҪظӣͲˡ
߳ŭ̫ӣԶȻ˸ѬźӺͺȻǰԺϸԡɢ˻ȥԷ

Сӵҡ͹ʹ˸С̽ȥ
˼˵СӴټ»иҲ׳ʵ򸮾ͽôһ񣬽˴Ķ˵ϣǷֶá

ڷİټϸ÷ˮüˣСҡ
Զɽŵʱ򣬴ŴɫµĽѵû˯ðټƴɸֵСϣסĵȡ

ϻͷЬСͣн˷ܣְ̧֣ˮҲѡ

ӴСЦÿСҶС㣬Ժ󳤴СӻоѣӴ֪ҪԵСѿһԸҸ˵˵Ż

ұЩĲɣһ춼Ѱ˼ϱӵĵԶɺĵԶɵжٲһĵطԽ롭Խϱӿķǵý˲
ȵԶɿţһķңɫ۵İӰҧҧŤͷȫ

ү밲ҲԶɣæ
ұŽϣû񣬿ҲԶһۡ

ԶɶŴѿüˣ
ѿæҡͷɱЩūŵܱЩ汳




67.   67    ôͻأ

ҲЩԸ, ҵĿζһݵʹɫǱضǱ˸ߵġ

ɷֲǰ໰ģʲôû˵, ֻ¸վſź, ˳ȥ

Զǰߣι𣿡
Ҳ, ӵݸ, ſں޲һŵŸæźˡ

ԶüԶЩó
ˣԶЩͷԣȻҿֻĬƯСǹ, ģ

ҹԹҡͷүôأֻǷʡԼ׹õı֡
, ƺĻˣԶȻ֪ΪΣȴ֪潫Сǵצˡ

Цǰ, һ콫Ҹϣı־Ǹ߸˵, Ĳÿǡ
ŶҲֻ̧ͷúڰ׷Ӷɺү˵ϲŮǰ˵, Ҳϲ˴ǰ𣿱, Щġ

ԶɿЦãҺʱ˵
˵һԶضסʶЩۣ⻰˵ġ

ŽҶź򼸻, СҲĽڣҪȥҪȥǸСͰ͵Ļһӣڲô˵ġ
ڲϲ˴ڸǰȿȣǲŸЩô˭֪˵󣬳Ƕ㲻СԼǰźߣΪ˿ɻ˵˲ҲĻ

ȻΡԶɿȻлյɫЩ΢ࡣ
Ҳʵ벻ףԼʲôӣΡϱô͸Ƶأ

ҲǸ˼Զ˼ųάסӣ׼ԴīԺҿ˵ֻ
껹˼ԼӦûСյ¶ɣ

ֻ˳ͷȵԶ˼һɣֻǾ檴ͨ䣬ֻѾߡŶˣ檿޵óƫƫÿͰ檿檣ġ

ҰָͷԶҭؿϲֻ뽫Сϡ
Ҳ˼

˵żԶͻȻӵԶɻүģ檶Ǽǵñֵģιˣȥ
˵ҲܱһܳȥֻʣµԶŰָЦá

ֶŲͷүȾ˰ɣȺȵɤӡ
ˡԶɫº͵ڷǰϸǰҪЩ

ЦȫȻƽյࣺⶼūı֣ܿɸĺӳūٻϲ
漴˶ٲŻЩʱūţﵹǸиģӴСϲڿ˳ҲϡɸҲϲģ

Զֵ̽Щɣǲĸ׽̫˵зǰñ߹ҲǺõġ
Ҳعأ÷֪˼һĸǰ֪ˡ

ҲӽīԺʼûأССҲű֣Ҳ֪ҲϲڵġԶɻǾȲ˵ΪŽҲö棬Ȣ˺񻹺˵֪ЩīԺ֪ҿĸӣţǶû˻·

ֵͷҲ˵벻ţЦݲ䣺ү¶òūūһֱүš
ǾˣȽˣϡԶɫЦ

ҲЦ˶˼ղ
յϾһȥˡ

ԶüԷڵҡһ׼ֵҹɫзڵļ
᷿ʰˣ˵ʲôˣ

ϴãˮɫ۴ӾЦŽͣ檵˼᷿Ͼûס̫Ҽͯ˯һʱýȥЩʱ˯檷

Զɶ˶٣ô¶㾫ͨȻĸӦµģҲеȻҲԸĸ׵˼
ֻԷﻹǲף뿪ڣ㼸ӣҡ

ѣᳳ˺үϢүȥǰԺϢ޷źʹֵ˼̫ŸѾźɺãҴϵԶɵĻȻЦرÿ

ԶɵôѹŭֻǻѾ⣺Ҫź򱾺
ҵͷƺү⻰˵ģҲһ˵ģĸ֪Ժֻһź򣬵ײϹأ檶֣檶ġ

ãԶɱֻСԼȥͷЦŵͷ˦žž죬Լ粽š

ŵôҴѿЩĸоǵһμôԡ
ȴȻ÷·ǰĵԶɣѬͷɣϸЩŽ

ӦѿҿСɵѬͭ¯Ѭͷ
ԶɳžͺˣȻǿҹ˲Ҫʲôŵģûס

Լϱӽܵǵܿȥˣ̾תͷߡ
ɫŵò˵ĳһͷײӻˡ

ӣ
ȥЩҹҶˡԶɰһԸ

˵ͷŷܡ
ȵԶ»صԷѾϨ˵ƣѿſں޲ܽԼĽȥ

ү밲Ѿ˯ˡ

ԶɸҪ˵ѳվſڣֻϥһ仰û˵߹ǵź
ʱзַԼ̫ңԶˣǽҲǣ˻ˣɫЩѿ

鲻ãԶرѸ٣͵õļһԷ
үվͷ죬Զ˶ٽŲЩԣԲʱ򶼹ȥˣӴվǸɶأ

ﵹ֪ЩԶҪ˼ºЦǰʣүˣҪźţ

ԶȣӲˣк᷿סҲܱܣȥֻ½ȫǡڶ᷿˯գû˱ˣҲ⵱⡣

ֺԶĬ˻ȻͦеĪǾЩԾ
ūźȷӦԽҹ˵᷿ԵԶɵ

ԶĶгԶ˼綼ԱˣǿЦЦˣôֿȥϢɡ
ȷֻ˷Զɲź԰ҹô˹ôߣԼóźڶ᷿˯¡

᷿ûҪ˯ˣҲû̿ӣֵŲźԶ£æȥš
˵ԵԶɵĹ򣬼캮ضŵ£Ҳö䣬صı죬Ǿû쬵ġ

˫ȫõŷɥʥ˿أӺүҪ£ôͻأ




68.   68    𾪶Ӧ

ԶıȵԶĻҪЩ, ˵ԶĶʱӭŲð˻Ƕ䡣
СԶĻɫЩϴģ

ͷû, Ҳ֪Ḯ²С, ǲҿ̫
Զߣ֪, ˴ŸԶ, ھҰӷ硣

£ʮСŽҰɽԭһկڵĵطΪĳ۵Ľ˲ýӵĲ£ﱻɱԺ, еԶɲʹ˽կӸˡ

¶˿þãϾ׸ǷկķկӿǺ˺ЩͷΪǷկó, Ұɽĵһֱûס
Ƚˣк¶ĲŷҰɽԶһƬ֣ÿÿ˼, ز̻Ϫˮب, ýľ˺Щ÷绨ѩµǰҰµ

ǶԺ¶, Ŷµ, ѩûɾг˵ӷ硭ֻзԽˡ
˻Զȥ, ϽӦСȥ

Ҳ֪ԷﵽôˣӿԽԽᣬзֶ̲ס̫˼ءΨһ̫չСˣСĲ˴ģүڶ᷿˯˿һˡ
Ҫ˵ԶҲǲӲҷֻ꣬зڣһЦһ˳ӣһ޴֡

ɫԽԽڣź˾͵ùˣԶ޲λϽķ𣬱ˡ
ܲסŰͷĲ£ӹԼܲظͲظ

Ҳ벻ףΪԼҺүյȴƫƫһػ᲻öԷλ˵
ΣīԺ£Ƿﶼһ¶ǾԵﲻõģǵܶӾͶӡ

ҲǵԶɵĿ֮һֻǵﲻʹ죬ҰʱͤΧ͹ͺͺӣ͸ˬˡ
ǿԶŸС·ѩ죬ֻºͣÿۿ

ȥ񣿡Զ￪ڣǰûὫ˷֪ຣǱ֪֪ģ

ԶûʲôʾСͺɺСƵĿǺˣˣΪôЩ꣬ò㻹ѽ̫ܵˣӣҪҪѰ

ԶɱҭùǺʱŲȥԶ
ԶȴֻºЦ˸һͦߴһӲȴվСԼͷ

㡭ͲܹܣԶ˵ҲӦ뺷磬ֻຣλԶС׵СˣǲҲ̫뺷ˣ
ԶЦЦС£Ǽ˵ģʲô¶û¶ǻҪȥų׵¶û硣

ԶɲƽϣֻԶһ£
ˣ򡣡ԶСߣǰͦģӷ·̫á

Զɣ˵ն᲻ý֪˭Ӳã
Զһ㣬ҺòӣҲСˣȡ걧ºӱȾСҲ֪¶Ҫ˵ͱı

Զɫ̴Ӵ쵽޷л˵ԶϤǸԶ
ˣ˵ԶԼ

ԶɫҲûÿŵĻ֮ҳˣƽҪ̩ʡΪִʡƽµְһֱεģԵƽʮԶţ̰̫ĸƽҳġ

ԶɫЩ̩˵ͨ
ƽһŮʥãڰһʮСȡֳĻλԶ׵ƽͼΪΡ

ΪѪҲСƽ˱˵ķΪʲôšΪ˰Զ⻰˵ĸһеЩ򣬡֮ǰһЩȷɿղӣˡ

ԷѾ˼ĻˤСԶɲòϣ֮ԱǵģҲࡣ
ԶҲЩˣɫЩڣҺˣʲôҡ

ԶɿЦãǡ¶˵ԼӶģʥ˲һֱףΪζŮ첻٣̫Ҳ˿û⣬ȴһֱû¶Ҫͷ˵𡭡
˵û̫ʱ䡣Զ̽ͷСϵԶɵĻ

ԶҲѻˣԼ˭أ
Һ̫Сʱײ˻̫ӵʥ˺Ȼʹ飬⣬Զʥ˳ӣƽԶҲ岻һжΪԶ

ͷ޲ܽͷȥ֪һģҲûôֱۣˣԼû䡣
Զһʱû˵˸һǰͷ𣬿ϸܿɢһ˲漴ɫЩףͫЩ֮𾪶Ӧ

㱨ĻᣬϺıȨԶƿһ֣ʡȨҲѿУΨҶ˵Ȩƻû£ʲôҶĿꡣԶɼȻ׵еǶӣƽһֱֶ֧ӣʥּһɾҪˣͨǱѾԶѿ

Զ˿΢Щվ㰲ź֪ͨңҰĿǰһٶʮˡ
˵ͷҲ̣ʱ򣬾ֻµԶɺͳͤ

λὫҲ̫ЩɣȻԶǾͺүһѹղܵľš

ԶɵҲûòãԶôӣöнֹ˷ɿжҲı£ҸղԶ˵ĺˣҾȫҡŶȫ尵֮վڵԶߣҲʱվ̫һͷ

ٺòʱ¾㱸ֻȴ鵽ˡ
ԶջؾͶ״ݾߣǵ򸮺ԶĻ¶ﱸĲ࣬Ǻʱ

ղԶӣӱҲŸϻؾǵĵԶɵҲ¼ɢڷ
Ҫʲô˲Ӷˣ걧ͿԶ

ȻصԶȥ밲սþͿҲڣŴүԺ㣬ү󣬵ճС԰ճүԻһ밲

СүûڣɶŮӣԶֻɨһۣȸ밲
󷿵ҲԶɼ񣬵ȴЦŽܣҴ縮ϵӣѾǣùĸ׼

ŮźǰԶɼ
ԶüֻЦŲ˵ףҪ˵

Ȼдɩĸ˵Ժﻹ¶ȻȥˡԶ˼ᣬֻϵ
ҲǿýƸʲôû˵͹ˣദйء

ȻȥæЩʱŰɣ¶̼Щ³̣ЩҪȷϡ
ԶɵͷصīԺϴɾȥԷģɸߵԷſڣͻȻסŲ漴¶Ц⣬ҲʰˣôԷȥ

ΪԼһͷӻȻ˻ʣͿʼϰбվҲֻǲߡ
ȥҪЩ÷ƣҪЩҶࡣԶͻȻԸʱЩԷϲĲˡ

Ӧ£Щɣӣ̫ǽţ
Զüĸ꣬ĸ׿ҪԲ·ģȻԷã⻰ȻòŸū˵

һ߳ƨϣĶôϻ׼ȥ׼
ߣﲻҲϸӿǲʵѽ

ԳͿʼ߶϶ﲻӣ׼ƺҡȿɶˣὫ걧̼ˡ
ϡͿģֻʲôû

Դ򳣺ͷʼӾԽԽУÿ˼˵ԼֵǸԿߵᡣ




69.   69    Ҳź

ԶɵԷʱ, ҸϽû˯
ˣԶɼŵʱһֶֻĹСﲻǳ˯˯˳ԣżһҲҡ

ʱ, Ų˹, ѿڻﶺ, ͷ϶Цеġ
ѽ, СٴˣƣūŲϻճĺôԵءѿٺЦ˵

̧ͷ, ſſڴѿཱུСȴһֱҵķ죬ʱ򰡰Ϳˮɣ۵Сüͷ, ÷ֶֹסЦ
͹Ĳ˹ģת֪ϲ޵, δ, ֻ

ԴһֱߣˮĴ۾ż̲סȥ, Ϳ˵Զɡ

ү밲, ǴͷջҴ˸Զ񣬿ϻû۷ʵ
ԶǰȥӵС֣, ȥĸһҪȥãûѡ

ӣԶɵѳ˲ǺڣżһīɫǶʵģںǾϲǳҵķʹ
ԶɾͼҹҹһĻ˵ëãøġ

һյӸǰ̧ͷˡ
ֲˣӶҪǰ̧ͷꡪ

û˵̫꣬ʹĽ˸УŰСһˮݰû˷ѣȫԶˡ
ۡûסЦ˳Ц㵸Ҳ޳ݵЦ

Զӱü򶶶μˡ
ֻܽзźȲһϴζĭȥǲֻ࣬ø⺢ӷ塣

Ż첲ŻʵĽ¶һźϧڲܴӣҪҲ֪Ϊʲô
ȻźȴĪſһ޳˼ҪĲ˹ĵڶûţôãˡ

æӱȥ˶᷿Ҳ˸˲裬ȥ
Զܺúø˵ֻһҾˣǲվһ

һֱӽק㻹ҶãǾͲܻӣ
ұʲôӣͻȻŵϵһ£ȻѾòۣ飬һž֪һ

òձζҲװģˣ͵һѽϣԼ˼ôˣͦԷźұȥˡ

Զ͵Цѵȵò
α飬ԲԸ⿿СǿнڻգԸǳ鷳㵹Ǻ˼ˡ

Ҳ÷Ժߺһ˵
ԶɴǳлŵζϢڰƮõԶǵҲӰˡ

Ҳúչ˺ӣԷôźģܿǲңƣֻĸ˵չ˲ҡԶĽͣĸҲغӣⲻдɩҵĺӹҲ֪ǼûˣһֱҪ򸮲÷ĸΪŽܰչ˺Ӳ˿ڣϵζմϵġ

ӸЩϻǲϷ䣺۶ӣ̫Ҳ۶ӣʲôϡģҲֵҰͰͶĽ͡ɾӻţָҲкЩԺӣٲ˵һԷҲܿճ˾ͽ¡

ԶҪ˽ˣԺܽҽݣ
򴽣̧ͷԼϵı飬ȴýֻۣǸңĶʸѽ˭ź򲻾͡

û˵꣬Զ°ʹĻԼյĴշתðſϷſ
ӲҲòĶȥñź򣿡ԶɵԴЦʡ

ҽ׵£һҪǺ˭˵Ҳ롭
Զȥֱ׵ԼƲס߻ɿٸᣬú˵

ˮȫǿߣô˵ˣ˸ûú˵

Զɽڻ̲סЦͳЦǻҵĶһ﷢ů⣬ûסҲ˴ǡ
ԶͷϢյҶϣȴ˵Ȣ֮󲻻бˣ˵㻰б

Ǳ⻰ƵģԾӣů⳹ױϪļ䶣죬Ҫ
ҧҧһתж˻ԹԿڵԶϣ̫϶Ҫҵġ

ĸҡԶɵ
͵͵Լһ£̧ͷգŷӣǽأ

ԶɶīԺԺȫģҪĶòԣ㽫ɨسš
ΪҪôѽҹֿȥֻΪǸΡ

Զ򲻽˵ȥҷֵʲôΣʲôǡá
鲻֪Ҳ֪ԼΪϱӻΪ񣬵ѾɲˣǷҵİɡ

ߣ½رС죺˵̫ͦأĶдĺѽ˵ȥЦ̫϶ͬ⡣
ɵӡԶҲ󲻹Ƶģзø˺ˣ

ӦҲ֪ģʱһû㣬ϾѾīԺˣϲѹŲţҲȫ֪ˡ
дڣϸᣬ׮¶

͹ԹԵģڣͷ¶ˣͽСؾʱȻû˸ԭݡԶҲģ˵ĸЩ
ʵ鶼ˣҲͲپ¶̧ͷЦڵԶ°£ҵźүĺϢ

š֮ǰǲǵֲһ±Զ׷׹ȥЩ
һֱԶ̲סҪݣ͵ؽƿԼظϢȵԶԶġ

Ȼ˵īԺҵģҲ𣿡ԴЦ
ԶʶЩۣȴμˣֻ䣬ԸĨͲ˵СǺ˼ˡ

Ȼġ޺޵ĵԶɣ޺޵ص˵ͷ
ЦϵζѬͷۣϴɾ֮ǰͱԷˣҲź򡣡

˵ԴŶȥ᷿Һȥˣֻ²ĵԶɿЦá
뵽ΪԼгĻܽСжˣǴֻŽѧСۡ

ҲżһȥãҾƲ˶ûԱ˵Ҳ١
˯źҴŴѿŵʱ򣬵ԶѾȥˣзָ˻

үЪζЩģŵźүáɫȸʱͻ٣ϸҵСӵҡūаȥ᷿ˣһֱҲӡ
˳ͷֵġ

ȻԶ˵⻰ɾ½ʱǼϻʱΣһڴޡ

ֻҪǵԶǰԸ¶˵׼ƻĸΪڴĹСѡ




70.   70    ô죿

Զɵʱ, ŸСǺ÷һġ
Ϊ÷һֱǵҵĺã˵޵ĹܼҲϵˣ»ᱻȥ, ʹ񲻺, ЩͶú÷ˡ

ϰźЩɵĻͷЬͺƤñ, ɫͦ, žͽˡ
ͷЬԶ˫С糤ֻ¹˰վͺЩˡ϶ź÷

÷ͷӦ£ƼԶɽţ, ʰϲ裬˳ȥ
ǼΣϰŪһ޵СñʣñصĺƤ, ë׿žϲ졣

ԶǾɵ٣ôһñӣǱСﻹҪ, ǳ˳϶档
ûкԺˡ

ü, ˶ٲŵҲǲ֪Ժﲻܼ¶࣬ǺҲϲ˵н, Ժ˭ҲҿҪ, ҪȢޡ

ԶҲϣŵ¶ˣźþòýţʱ
׼нضãϲʵ, Ⱦﶼ֪ӣƫƫԺֻһ˭Ҽ޹𣿡

ԶЦĸױģӺôҲǹ֮ʥ˻Ὣ¶ϵġϱ裬Ҳֳ޵

ϲţ˿ڲ裬ûбӣϱҶ׼˲֪ٻˣȾﰲҲڸȥׯСãԼȽϿ졣

˵ġԶϲյý糤ĺӼԿɲ
ϽеԶҭ˵һ˵ˣˡ

ָſڣһ仰˵
֮е¶ԶҲͲĸۣصԷʱŸոյʱ֡

ҿЩȣүô죿
Զɫ˺ڣ˸ҹܹ鲻Ǻ¶ЦЦ´һҵװ硣

ԺﲻȥֻɵԲбƽӣɫˮЩ䣬ŵѹסЩģ˵¡
ŰɡԶҲͣҺ󲱾󣬡ЩЪš

ҲûöȴоǱסѨƵģ֮࣬оǶϸ£·Ҷű̲סŸϽ㿪
˵˵أҵˮԼмֲ˼

ԶüɨΧҾͿѸٱźӳŶѿҲϽ˳ţܿʣˡ
˼ǵȼˡԶɽڻ춺ǾͿЩţҿ᲻ýСҶȸá

̵ȴҲݳ˵źӦõģֻҲ룬ճǼƳˣҲû˭үô˵ġ
ԶԶԣԴСīԺЦһҧҶϣүţʰ㲻

һܽ÷·Ҳʱʹˡ
٣ԶɽƵʱ뽫ЦŶ㿪ͷ£ˣ㴫ţ

ԸŹĴѿϽ˲š
ȵ˴֮䣬û˵ʱҵӲˣǰͷжƣӾʵö೩졣

ֻˣƤϵţԶ̢Żһسӣʵ۽ǵ٩
ءͻ۸ңһֱ۸ңҿ޵ֹסҲ֪Զǲǿ䵱гģػ겻ţų꣬Ҳܲܵס

Զɼ޵۾ˣҲֻ̫߲ͣţܿү۸
ҹˣԱĵԶճϱҳ¶ʰɾܿ˯ȥ

һ֮ڴŸոõǻæʱڣæһ죬󲿷˶һҹߡ
ɾ⿴һ̶ƽˮ£Ǻ֪ĲӿҲֻҹ˾ʱż¶

ƽΪûˣȻûйҰףҲصɫֻǹ޵ڣȻŲ͵ֵĴɫɴ䣬ѹֵĵ̸ЦƮɢȥͷĹѵЩ졣

ʡѾּݸʥˣԶбڵƽĴϣܴ-ҳЩ롣
ɵƽûڶߣŤͷȥĥ˵Ĳšǣǻûӡ˵Ҫʥٽڡšٹּ

ٽھǰûʱˡ

ԶЩ⣬ǰĵĳûôۣ΢ͨݲ˾뱱ɹ֤Ѿ׼ʱʽʥˣЩɰźˣ

̢ӿ죬ƽг˺һѾצĻ۷ŵ˶鷿ܸץסǸ¬޽Ҳ̩ģ˱ƽ岮ͶӶܲˡ

ʽûʧԶЦ𽵹ƽ££ʪͷЩ죬ԶѾؾǱ߻ʽаգ

ȵƽЩʱѾԶµӹƣߵ˶ţֻҪ˴ףضӲǰ˾̫

еǰ˾̫ūŲ˵̫ӴϢԶŵƽҶȻᣬȻԸվ̫߶ȻҪ˶֪̫ӵˡ

ʥԶ͵Զɣǵ֪ǰ˾̫ܲɵ𣿶ӷϵ̫Ȳ볭ʥ˺·뿴ʥ˵׻ôѡ
ֻӣȡ֮ʥҲ֪жΪѣʱ򶾷ĻЩɣ

ԶЦĺ⡣

ƽԴûʲôдѡԶѾԼֳֻζʵ˵ʥӣɵԶѾؾˣǵ㡭ֻ»Ϊı

ԶżǴһСҪˣ˵ĲԶµס
ƽüû˵
ȻܸһأȻҲܸڶΡԶڵƽϵ𣬡ຣ˹ᣬŮȻˣȴ߳ǵİպͽʿô

Ǻǡǰ˴꣬Ҳȷʵö༸ϲˡƽȻԶֻ˫˫Զԣȴ˹Ѹ

ԶЦŽ˸ڷ֮䣬ִ̧䴲ӣסֵµĶȵƽʴǵԻУŹŽ´ȥ˺ͷľҡ
ҵǸλӣ㻹ǻɡԶ۾ԡͰ׻źøЩ

ֵ²ףӵ˼ǵһг䶨ƽûлŵıҪ
ûκβֻźԶ·ӹ͸Ź˳ͳ

Ǭʮ¶ʮգĴ꽽һ˿⣬ˮŷպһԴмҲסǵĺ顣
æ˵ͷ¶ڷǰʱϰҲų䲻ȵʱ򣬸Ͻ¸ðİˣһʱ侩ϲӺͲƥԼӶӭ˸߷ڡ

ֻϰϲ£ȨȻҲԸУԶڹպ
򸮻ҪһЩԡС꣬ڴǰһգƽŰڼױͷֳϡ




71.   71    ֻ˲衭

ǧβҪīԺʱ, ֺԸūţԸתƣסָӵĺūת

Ůڻǰһڼױ߷Լĵڴµϰ, Ϊ֣, ǻСźš

ϱӵԶɲôϵĺ, ǳϱӱƵŵ̫, Ҫ뿪֪õң볡ȥϳûڸ

ȻûڸȴͰԺͳԷκ̤ȥһ
ϸųںԺ߶, ȻǿԷɾӵģҪȥ

ԵԶ̬䲻⣬ȴûи˷ܺԺʲôݲ, Ҫ뷨Ӵ˵ġ
ɾſھͽгסˣүԸīԺڲ洦߶

ߣҼӽŶԺɲүǶĵ, ҪūҼƽһ
ʹ˶䲻ʹޱ, ޺үԸκ˲洦߶κʱⶼīԺĹأ

ôĿŵ, ƤǺ, ūȥҪʹļĸԺã۸¶ĸҲʲô𣡡
ƽ˶Ź˵, ̫ȥԺƽϵ͵Щ˿û˳űͷүͷ㡣

Ϊص֣Ǳ˹ŵģΪ˱߶˵ûڵƽźôãҲڹӺ͵ƽǰмūӡ

Ųϼѧŵܵܵģˢ˪ƵģūŵıּĶȥĶȥãūҲܲס쳤ϲǣ

˵ŤҪסԺߣߵɷڡ
ֱţϲϵİ裺ں𣿡

һͨӦ׵ˡû򸮵˿š

߳ղôһҲΪԺôҪģΪ˽עȥǧβ̫ӣ΢Ҳýݲܵģܽ˿

´¶꣬ϲ˼ͷȻߵūżƽϡ
ôûԴˡ

ҡҡͷūŲҶʣԭ֪سԴͷӵ⣬Ѱظ
üԷǸǴòˣ

гԴڣǵԶɸ̫ܼ棬Էиɫܳƽ֪һ

ͷŵʱǰͷ϶æĽԴҲûæʱʱҶҹûȥλģôҲҪڶղŻ֪

Էūţû˷ϣԶڵƽ֣Զüūʧټ򵥲
ͷ㰬ѬѬϵζ˷ֲԡ

һ˰ױ򸮣һ·ҡصƽһֱڲԶ¥ŵɻתͷȥʣȻȢλαҪ˰ڼױأ
Ҳ̰īӶɣһ춯Ҳûʲô

ԶкŲ裬ҲʳδԶˣֻԶôһ壬ȻûףҲܵðϱ̺ٴɣ
۴ǹ뺷ˣòʹԼСһϲϣţԶֹס⡣

Զޱ飺ֻ˲ҪŮ˶Ѱ˼
ԶеڣçҭǰüЦҲӡ

һҪڣû¸˶Ȥ

ԶҪµǰ˾ضᱣ֤һʧǰĹƶһ£ҲûϢǰ˾ֹغʥ˰ΣǾŹҡ
ԶͷһԶһЩ˵ԶЩ

Զɳ̲ס˸ۣﻹסϱˣԶŹӪıȨΪܶ
벻ǳӡڴ£Զڻ

Զǳ˳飬ٷϻʱȥҴȥԶѵĶѳٵѻ¶ˡ
ҪĶ϶ԶԶȥľլԶΣյ¶Լϡ

ԶȴõԶְԿģкѪ³üǳʱɲⷬģ
ΪȥḮİԶҲʣֻʽ

Զɫ䣺߳Դƽ򣬳ԴҲнӴ֪߰¶˶٣׽ץסš

ҲԴҪԭ֮һϱҴƽԶĳ£ʥ˶д󳼽˻Ϊƽܶ鷳ȻҪܿ

ں棺ô϶Զһȥƽأ
ԶҲףŮ˵˼˵˲ǸøһЩ

ǱкѽҲûô໨˼գ۵
Զɲ˵Լ˸ΣƽƽǰһҹԶףֻܣǵ¶ƽϢˣ˿ϱǸϡŮ˼ġ

ڸˣɷ˵㲻ӲȢϱֻиĶϱ
ԶɵԶһۣٲ˵ߣ˵ȥ˵׼Ҫ

ҹһ²ҵУδٹԣ»мչ򣬸ĵģֻʱʱ
ڻʹڣޣȵǰڷسһ㡣

ڷȵŴں𣬵Ҳ˺£ֻйµϢڵڡ
ſ϶ˣ̲סȥȰ£ûȥˡ

ʥһֱɫϣŷӾģԲֻۣʣ¶˴ˣ
ɫ䣺ѾٴȥˣūĴš

޷ģ˭ҲסʥҵĻ
ֳһʥ˲ſʣ˵⼸ʮؾҵҵΪܽɽŻѪܳµ

ҹأݺ᣺£깬̫̫࣬ӣȻǰ˵ϻȻǡܾͱסˣĿ˵ūﶼͱĥԸˡ

ȻʱϲԼãʥλʹø˳Уʵǽ˳Ǭ
ȻʳżȥＸΣȻʺڲˣΪȻĹȴ֪ʱǬ˸еӤΪʱӣ𾪡

ȻʲܲˣΪ̫ӵʥ˶ϵҪΪ̫ͻʺвʱͷ
˭֪ǺӾǸɵģȻΪκ⺢ӣǬҲϣҲܣֻѰΪԼĺһ

ʥûӣңɴƵۼŴֻܲ˳ң˺֧֣ҲȻʹ֮Եҩ

Ҳʱʥ˲֪˸˳֪ģֻΪȻʲԼİ̫įѡôڴ޿Ĺ

˭֪Ȼʥ˰÷ԶĲҲʥ˶ԾТڲ֤
ʥ˼λĸԸеֻܸһҪҪʥôܹ˷ģöԶ֡

ʱ̩ԶĸҲʥ˹Ԯس˳Զĳţֻͬ⡣

ʥ˼ȻģԶôҲѪʥ˲ôܵδЦΪ˱ܽɽ̫ʲôҲͬӶΪ̫

ʥ˱ΪԶݷһģû뵽ԶҪúܶ࣬ʥҲܰοд˶ڣ̫Ӽλܽɽǧﶦʢġ

ȥɣ͸ˡ죬ʥ˲ŲΡΡ۾׵ңЩǵػǬ




72.   72    Ұɣһ

ҹڷҹ, ɱ˷Żʱ˵¸Ǿѵ¿ĭɳӵĴʺϷŰѻ
, ҵˡźߵԶߵ, һѪζ, ȻɱҲɱɾˡ

ԶɫЩףӹǲ, ŶȻȥɣʣµóš
ԲǿԴǱ߿ҪūŴ

Զ³ԴΪþֵϳԴǹ˵ƽ£ʵԶķԸ
ϱӳԴöԶ˵̫С, õԶʧȥҪˣڴԶް

صԶɽԴŸеԶھصıӸﱻǼĽߣǳԴ򸮵͵͵ӽŪġ

ͨǱ, ԴҲ׹ϵ˲ٱԶûԼ, ͷǳ©, ˮҲԶãһֺ̡

ⲻ֪ԶɾҪĽֻҪβɨøɾ, Զɸϲһƿ֮, ˳ųԴܲһҲ

ԴûãԲŻʡ
ԶɾܾˣԭѺ¬޽ׯϣá

Ҳ, Ӧ±ҹɫʧ
뿪ûãԶլӾ˻⣬ƣܿվԶɽϵĵԶǿӶӳ졣

ޱ飬ƯۿѸȴĴҡҷס⡣
һжýˡ

ͬʱԶŰʮˣڵԶɸĵͼʾ£ѸٰΧ˵ƽһֱǱеƽ޵ǰʱû˷֡
ԶɹƵûԶǰҹƽӲǺ˹

ԶȻи֣ǿ̫īһͷ˲Ծγһѽǳ˭

ԶӦտԼʽ㣬ʵʹõĵƽ̬¶ģɵƽһϱǰ㣬ڱԶƹƳԻǰ͵ȼصѰĴ-ڵ¯С

ˣϱԶ㱻˰ΧڶవҲᱻ˷֡
īһߺȳһֱûӵ֪̫ԣѾûʱٽȥʲôֻὣǰ˲

ֵ½ѵñƽ˳ѸŤҪźԶߣȴһϣſڵſôȥ
ڷ·ͷźȵĴرǣԶֽŶɫ˿а˴ϣɫ̫ÿȴôû취

ƽӷ񣬷лżֳԣоԼǲڲԭϿ񱼣ÿһεܵ

㻹ԶǺգ϶˵Ϊ˵ÿνŵȼǰƳ㣬ҶԴʮҵˤػҼÿʱÿ̶ڹע㣬ҵǲ㣬һо

ԶӰأСʱΪ̫ϲԵƽҲһֱ۸ΪЩ¶˵ģӲѣ֪̹ġ
ݿ̹ĵĶĺͿƲסҪͻȥˡ

һǿ˵ΪΡ

֪°֮ڹ㲻֪ѪԵ֮ɲҿʼ㣬Ϊʵ᲻֪ȫ㡣ƽ-ָָĿڡ

ԶԺЩѾ״̬ʱˣֻؿҪιȥ

㲻һ֪ʱƽͣȻңȴԶϣ״૵ûôֻǲʧʽҲûʧҲᣬԸ֮ǰҪԲԼһء

⼸ǿŮɵΪԶһӣҲúҲգǵþ͹ˡ
һӣԼҲܺĸΪҲֲԼԶʲôĸ飬аġ

ǶҪҴӶ¿ʼ֪ҪսõҲһӡǣԶĸһ

ԽԽ죬ܿԶʾˮ£⶯ŵӡ
īһѪسҲܶ˻һֻҧҪԶߡ

ֻԶȵţȴֵĻᡣ
̿£ԶȳҰٲ֣ܿīһа˻Ȫ

ʱűѣҴҴ
˭ҪʲôǹɲǷѪɺӣг

£Ҳ빫£ԶߺиϹūŶĳԾӪسǣд̿빫ң˴˹޵ĳУðȥˡ

ɫ԰׵ػ˻ӣƿ־壺ôˣ㡪
ĵǣڽſɴͷϳʱȻֹǶͷת⣬ɹҴҸūȴûС

˶˴ϳ---Ծһ˭һɫɷ׵͸
Ǿ춼ҪˣūǾСֻ¶Ҫˡ

ԶվڵſڲߣŶģûǸûԼҪأһȿȣ̫Ƶɶô졣
ҹȥױǼûӣҲ֪ĵһʲôͻȻһ

ҰѸ˳ȥ׸˰һһְѸԶȥ
ԶװģҪߣǱس

Զޱͣ£ɫŤһ˲ѹԼİ裬ѸѧᱰϥֻɤӵǴȥ͹Ҫᣬܱܡ
Զߣ˶û˵ӣƽеĴԼˣϧŮ˷ʵûǿԡ

ҲܾĳἰҲòᡣ
ˮˣˮˣūŴܹĸǶлΪʱڷѾѸٳ߻ΧӣܿΧ

Զǣ
˲ø˵ʲôֻͷһʱڵڻŵԶ͵ƽ˲ϡ

ŻƻңûеƽܼҵϣЩūΪ˱ĿĴҴӳȥ
¶ûܸǹҹ𶼻û-ͶӸȺƽԱ߱ĹլҲܹ˯

ȵƽԶѹʱվǰ
ڵſڣһƬҰܣձĴ֮գĻˣ˭Ҳ˲ϴ飬ȥ֪ͨ˶ûС

Ǳߴţŵ֪ϢͱҸǲ˻ظˡ
үʥλ빬ɡ˵꣬ûסɫһŶ̤ʱ˵ƽļС

²࣬ɱ㣡Զɫ࣬һжƿ֮УȴŮһҹ֮ߵ˾棬ý㡣

ƽһߵѪȴſڵϵ͵ЦСʱͺ޲ǵÿԸȡҵİ㼴ɱҲ̣ˣδܱס

Զȳ¶˭ҲҴȥΪĸԴ͵ƽܴǱ֮ǡ
ɱ˵ƽƶ¶˺ۼǲ;ĩ·

ƽ⻰ֻ˿ѹӿɱ⣬ٲϸƽ˵һ֣Ť޵

ձһεĴ󳯣ʥ糯ֻй˵ٻǬڡ
Զ͵ƽʱ򣬵ѾվһƬýɹٶĵԶɣҹľˡԶɫ-̩ڡ

̫ӺͶӲʺҲһԣ˲٣ȴ÷·һˡ
ƽֻڵϲ˵Զ룬ºɳɤ밲ʥ˺ͻʺ밲ʥ˽

ʥ˱۾̾˿ָȳ¶ͼݺƽ岮вִ֣ף̼ͨݺ̫ӣ
Զ̧ͷв죬Ψûкڡ

֪ܲʥ˵ʲôĬһԶŵͳ

Զվޱүˡҹ׷һ򸮻ؼ̽׵Ѿ¶ֵˣŴһׯӣûǾȻүıׯɱ˺󣬳ѳ˲õĶүӦ֪ʲô

ԶͷɫôȥׯҲ֪ׯʲô
Ŷ˵òԶɲΪ˽նݳׯӸˣ󣬲ŷׯӵ¾Ȼлء

Զ̧ͷϬݵؿԶɡ

ֻϵĶѳʲôǻʮʱԼǱԻùĶͷ

ֻ˵ԶһۣǹЦı鿴ʥˣܿܣûʲô˵ģʥ˴ñǡ
ʥŻۣۿѪ˿ʹˣһҹδɫÿԶһɫӼˡ

̩Զ飬ϾʼҳҲǵһˣﲻǣݺͻʼãı֮֪ԼÿڣԴֻʲô
ǶȥɣлҪԶ͵ƽ˵ʥ˲ûֻּɤӵ

ʺԴԶ͵ƽ˵һֱú޶Ŀ⿴Ŷˣ޲ܽ˰ƤȥǣЩģ£˭ıãŹҪ˴ܵĴУоˡ¡

ʥ˿Ҳ˵ˣȳȥ
ʥдŭʺ󼴱㲻ҲҶ˵ֻŤţ֪ͨƽ岮ǵøϽ֪ͨ뷨ӱƱһѲǡ

Զ͵ƽֶ֧ӣʵҪƽ岮Ļ·˶˾
˶ţʥҷҲˣֻΡΡվ˴ǰǡ

֪ǣҲûǣ޴ӦҪ
ƽԶȻʥ⻰ûͷûβɺǶԶ˵ġ

ɣֻԶһ󳰷

ɴܽɽңź˵ѪڼҷҲΪ֮ʥ˼Щ⣬ʲôӶΪĬ᲻Ķֻǽ㿴˭λ㶼ûпܡ

ԶŮˣ˶¾ҵġ
ʥתֻŵƽ˻񣺡޺ĸԲס㣬Сʱ򡭡ί֪Ǹʱĸ޶ûѡ񡣡

ΪƽǸӼͬʱΪ˾ǸӣȻŵ˻Ѫ֮˵ƽûҲûеƽˡ
ƽԶִЩүע˵ġ

ƽƽͷ֪ĸҺãȻţҲǷǵģǷǸˣֻܻ

Զü֪ʥ˺͵ƽ˵ʲôƺĸƽʲôס
Ⱳӱؾˣȥĸɡʥӻ˻Σƿ̾˿ĸһ㣬Ը⻤סǸ

ȥ̫ȻįТģƽıҲܱסǣʥ˶õһ⡣
ƽ̧ͷСʱһر𵥴ʥЦЦĸҶֲҲˣ˶ûˣҾͲȥծˡ

ʥ˼˵ʲôŤͷԶ漴ͷԸַһɣǷծܵи˻

Ǵ-ǵƽСߵŮģ˵ǺòԻʵ֪ӺζԼϵĶǻʼ˵˽֪

ǷԶѪҵģôܻˡ

ʥ˲˵ԶʣҪƽǾһкѪǰ

ǷģˣǷҵҲˣǷҵģҵȥƽЦرƯǵĺѪסգ˺ͺľҰɣ롭и޵ˣ㻹ɣɻȥ

һһĻʧ޽ǣЦȻģȴûƻ֮񣬽ԶĪһӣȴΪԼͻĸое

ԶٿҲʥˣʤѶ˵ٶ඼塣
ʥֻ˽ԶѺڣû˵Ҫô

ҴҴŶһƽ岮ʹ󳼹ڵڱȣ˼
û˵ʥͻȻѪɫѪ罦վԱߵʺϣʺļк¡Ĵʧɫ˭Ҳٹ˲Զıòˡ

ƽ岮ɫȻʥּѾãɵ׻ѹʡ֣ƺǣı˴̫ӻ̫ӣʥκβ⡭һ˸о춼Ҫˣżæȥ̫ҽòˡ

Զüȥ£ȴɫҲÿ
Ѿ˸￴ԶͨūץˣʥΪλж

Ǭæ˺þãҲŲ԰ʥ̫ӽȥ
ʺˣ̫ǰΪʺʥԸһߣ̫ӵ

Ͳֱ˵̫ʥˣԼȡ֮ˡ
Ҳ粵ͷʺͶҲɣʥ̫ӽȥԶҲ˵ȶڵš

ʺƽ岮һۣŴҴҸŽš
ʥ촽ϣӦûԲѣô컹øл̫ĸڹС

Ŀʥתͷˣʺֻн;裬ҲѵЩͲԶɺԶͷֻ̫ȻӣоǵǺͲ˼顣

ʥﰲοЩôѡĴûĳҲͶԵˡ
򡣡ʥڡ

Զɹأڡ
˵㻹Զׯѵʲô

Զɣѵͨݲʹúó֮ŶȾָƾ٣ҴԱ̰ܻ֮磬ͼȡ֮λ鵽˽ۣͼؼʱ̡

һɺԣŭغɫ࣬Զͼݣź
ҵСͽܶŸ޺⻨̽ţͷһոۡ

ԶŹسʥˣѾͲԶݺɡ
˿ŭɵԶһۣҪ˵
ԶȴûᣬȡһܺҲĿͣ˲Զׯƽ岮֤ݣ֤ܺˡ

ʺȻϢһ˲ЩõԤС




73.   73    ¶ˣ

Զܺ, ʺɫڣźžͰˡ
ƽ岮ƽϻкԺʺ͵£ʺʱĶٵĹȥڳûĵ˽ó֮, ֤Ҳװǰ

ƽ岮˻ͨ, ѾԶ˹Ѻ, ͬͨݰ˾˾˴, ûʺ˵ķݶ˹ǰŽ͵ĵĶʥһΡ

ȳȥ¶ͻӸ, ޵ĿͲ
ȵԶɵ˶򷢳ȥԺֻ̫һʥ˸ǰ²̲סʳڣ˵ĴڶѸʣΪΡ

, ܾˡʥ˴µĻڻλ϶ʮأҲûܵĵˡ

ƽ, ¶Ҳڲס, Ŷһ׷Զ¶˵׼Ҫǣ£޴, ضе, Ĳ𣬲¾

üǧﶦʢԸøʵİΣǸλӡ
Ǹúӡʥתͷ, Щһֱްɣ¶

ʣ´ʥ˵Ļ濴ʥˣܷʲôԸİΣע

֪Ҳۡʥ̾˿һΪ˱סܣ£ҲԲˣһӶ塣ˣµӣҪú룬γ

µͷ֪˵ʲô
ʥҲش𣺡޾ּλ㣬λ󣬴һж㣬޾棬ֻҪ󡣡

³Ĭһſڣ˵
Զ޴Ӧĸһȥػɡʥ˿ڵʹ뿪ȥذɣҲˡ

ЩΪѣԶɺ˵ҪǿɫҰܵʥˣҧҧû˵ʲô
ʵϵԶʥ˻˵ʲôҲûŶʲô

صϴϵѣֽгҶմˮɨȫȥԷ

Žվڴ¿Ѿ˰գΡΡҲܽС̽ͷˣſǰˮĴ۾ŻСһ߬һ߬ģҲ֪ץʲô

쿴ƼԶɣҡŽС
ЩʱյԶɶͷæţм³ײҺͺӣԶɲôѾЩʱûˡ

үæˣȽ˽ﱧȥҲŵԶʡ
ɰ˺Щӵŷ

˵ܾԼԶɣɵߣܰȡ
ţˡԶɱϣûúţˡ

ûãûаɣȻӵʱݵҲѽ
˭˵ģˣͺܺÿԶĳطǹ˹˵

ҽ񿴵ͨͨˣԭÿ𣿡
ǵÿ֪ԶŷŻлӣɴཫ˴ᱦңϸ

Ｋˣ컹ء
ôһͺˡԶɶס˺þõĽ۴꣬˵

ҽˣåֵ̬ý£ȴܿû˷
ֱǹ̫ҪԶɣɸߵſڣѿվ⣬ɫЩԣ߽ԼĶ̲סü

ջˣүǲǽ￴̫ˣ
ļƿɲֻǶԸ΢΢ӣͷ۵Ǿǿģ治֪Ȱ˭Ǻá

һ־ֵڣŹ򶼴ȥˣ۵ʵûţֻеԶ˰Ѹھ˯˹ȥ
Զûܸ˯£ֵĴʰɾˬȥá

϶׼˯ˣӽ̲סۣǰӲŵȥˣ
ԺﻹЩæԶ΢΢Цŵ

ЦЦ¶ˣ
ֲûԳ⻰ʵҲ߯ûشˣôôء

Զɵúæȥˣ˲٣ǺöûԷ͡
ţãĸһУϲ˭޲ýöһѷȫ˼ңӵҲ֪

ϽжҭһѣҲûץסţ¶

ͷĶԶ֣бΧˣͷֵĻ̵̻ģ˽ͷ¶²ס˵ü粡أۿ˵ǲˣϣҾǸʲô⾰

ԶҲţù˵׼϶ҲҪ´Զ͵ƽı֤ȷ䣬ƽڹɱԶ֣ƺ㶼˴ʺͶӱ㣬šʥ˴Ҫλ̫ӡ

Щ죬˵Ӽڵ𣿾ôšˣʺƽ岮ͣ𣿡
ԶЦǵǲͣأϧԸϵʺɾѱҲڲ

ϵͷ¾˰ɣ˵Ǵͻ飬ı֮󡭡
һӶز˾ˡԶޱ飬ûҪôȵ˾˵ȲҵĻ£̫˵ҪҰź¡

Ŷ˵ϿǸȤˣʵļҵĹ㣿
ԶɴӺȲ裺̫ҾҲû˵ֻ˵ί򸮡

Ѱ˼ţԼҺôǴ֮ܲλҲ˵ʥҪͻ飬ˡ
ٶʣֻ򷢵ԶɻȥϢ

ȴûôֹۣȻ緿ڵԶ߶࣬׿ģ˵Ѳ˵ëСС
Щүⲻǲװɣֽڸĵףֻ֪ŷֻʱһ˵

ûȵأʥλ̫ӵʥּˣ˶ںٰǻ䡣
ԶΪ¾յεǰ˾ָʹ֪վ¾߶ˣ˵̫Ϊʡƽ£ʵʵࡣ

˲ֿˮƵӺ񵥽˸ԶɲڸԺûŮӣֻܳͣһʱæָ˲ϸ˵ˡ
òæ꣬ʥ˶Ѿȥ˾Ļׯ¼λҦϵķֻ˰£һ̫ˡ

̫òôˣһϣ˵Խģ˵ǽõǸЩʺģƼ࣬û
һСõŮ֪˼ҦʺǸģֻûϰˣЩŮԭҹҦ鷳ģⶼЩڨڨġ

ҲǣҦй˳ŻʺһԣŻʺɫֻЩ㲣û˯ã
ҦҹȶԺĳҪ¾ǷӲԾŲ£æתƻ⣺˵үδףʥΪүͻ飬ѾѡҸ̫һء

ЦøЩʥ˺ͻʺѡģǺõģܵʥ˴ͻĸ֣һʥ˺ͻʺǡ
ҲûչĹɻŹҫ̫ڻ࣬ͷ͸ע⹧ǫܸ˵ɡ

Ҧ΢סǵĳ飬⻹ǽ׼ˣȻ˭һһ׼
ЩⲻȥȴЩ޹ص˳ȥֻЦøЩһҪ̫˵˵ģʥ͸ͨݲʹ˵ֶŮ

̬ȻҪĶϱ׳ļҵģһȦôûʲôڵĹټ
֪λڴˡʿǰپӺְأʹ˼Բãһʱ벻ʺˡ

Ҧϸæסʹ˸ɫźҲ˳ȥλ漮𺼣СھǳҲֶŮҡ
Գסˣ漴ɫ࣬Ȼ󷢺ڣ֮ɫΪḻḻҦ϶Щ£ô

ҦϽָϵˮæǴܱΪޣֻҪҵλΪޡ˵һٵУᣬǸģ֪ҿû϶Ϣء

ϳĬ˺һǿЦʺ˵е¡ɺã
ȻҦЦŵͷõ룬ԸҲʱ˰ֶŮӻؼҾˣǧΪѡ

ϣ⻹Ϊѵ𣿵ԶҪܷߣͷʺ󵱵
ȵԶɻظʱ򣬷־ڸſڵ

̫ȥأú˵ǧźŵԶߣŶƼΧûˣ̫ʵҲС벻

ֻ˵һ䣬ͷٲ˵ˡ
ԶЦų巿ɶ׷ֵ˼Ҫ˵˽ϵģǷĪˡ

ȵԶһãӭǷɹĲյ΢ƫƫòյҵԼϣŲ̫ǰ

㲻øװϺ޺޵˵ʥ˵⣬ʲô֪Ҳ֪ʲôƣһƺǰɣһֱң»ȥͨݣı;û׼Ȣǲǣ

Զɵͷң͸˵ҪݲݣֻҪһ͹ˡ
ǰڣָŵԶֶ£أҪȥɣ㣬ͷѾͷǰɣ

ԶɸϽϸź󱳣ë⻰˵ģŮ˶סҲΪĶӲǣӵı¶̵ģǲˣ֪
ҭ˵ǲְ˸ȥģ˵׼

˾ûлӵģǵļƶԸˣղҲ˳һ˵ʵ֪ϲң㲻ϲҲʲô

Ϊβǰ˵ڻʺǰܸǰɣӻʲǿҸ㣬Ҳͬ⣡ΪǶǴ˲е¶򸮶ˡ

Զɵͷ˵ǣģǽҴźӻͨݣͻ¼޹ˣĸ֣ӱ׼Ժû˸˵ʲô
Ӹˣ㻹ӶߣҪң

ȱȻׯϵͨҲУҲţԶֻ˸˼·ʱһ𣬽϶ǵ
ɫźͻЩǵǼҵׯӣӦûʲôţԣ˭˵ͬˣ

ŷӦԼöӺˣҪüˡ

Զɸæ֣Ҳ֪˼ͷСʱ򡭡Ҳ֪ʲôұͶԳûʲôȤòϲģҲһؿɺã

ϻ˻񣬶ԴԺ󣬾ûʾˣѵøһΪû취
ŵԶЩ߰ĽڲףΪ֪Ӱ⻰˵ˡ

ͬҳΪ󸾣һԶɲסˣǻǷΪްɣиҲҲί
ֻݵģЩ𲻹ӡ

ˣǵԼеöˣӲŽб£Ҳ±˵졣Ҵʼء

Զ֪˵ûˣȻ̫̫ҪգֻԹӦ
صԷԶ㱧˯ˡ

ڶһ磬ԶɼûѣֻԸ˴ѿ˵һȥϳ
ɷֵһ߾ҽѣҲûѿ˵Ļᡣ

ֱվãøعһϣأ⵽ôˣ




74. []  74    ȫ

϶ҿ˺һ, ֱֽӣŰɣ
šϳҲңźŰɡ

ɻ, Ҳû˵ʲô, ź¶Ҳû, ̫ϲʲôϲʲô, Ŷ塣
Ȼ̫Ҫźź¡

Ҳ֪ûź̫̫ҲţҲһžͰһߣ, ҶɤӲ
ôţҳȥϴĹŤ˶˽һ֭¶

ȵɤӡ
ôţ̫̫һ˵㲻ˣ

˵ĶĻ, ӣѵ˭˭ﲻм, ׵۲ǣƳô˼, ̫̫ȷʵ˳ۣںûֲҪǮЦ

̲ס߳ǽ֪һ, Ҳ֪ɶ׿ʲô, ҲǸɫġ
ңʲô

Ϊһӣ̽Żش

òͬҷΪޣԭ֮һǽ͸µû, ң˭ˣΪɶԺֻһͲ֪ߵͣҴûô

Īмּ¶ɫѹȥЦȻÿˣҴĶӣҲûҶӺÿѽ

޴ӷֻ޿ңɶ͸˵˰ɣ㿴ʵ֣ҲǰӡҲ룬ˣʱ򴫳ȥ֪ԺѾߣ˵óЦ򸮡˵ʱЩ

ҳ˶ӣ
ϣѾͷ˭ˣ˶أ

ֲûЦǿˣǶ̫̫ءһ㵣ǣôɱкүͷΪѵĺá

Ҽϱҭס̲סЦŹϥǰɤýҲӲүǸ˵Ϊ޵¶û˵ʲôҪ˵Ҳ󸾣ƭҴСңƭ˭Ҳƭ

ϲֻǿб

룬ǺүȢϱǰ趨ʡزǣɺүڶûȢޣҳ˴󸾣ǰ˺üصģļϱźܵѽǻ᲻𣿡Ҽһַϥϡ

ţôһ롭ﻹ٣жϱأҲûиһǰźʱ򣬸˵ǸΪϱġ
ҽŵ߽ҲˣͺүڣҲᣬԺ˸ۼҺӳȥбĽĽĻ

űҫĳѾ˲סˣ˻Σǳ

ڻ᲻˳Ц˵佫ңҲĳƷھҵء˭۸ңҾ͸۸ȥͺүѵ

Ϻߺ߳Ҫ۸ˣҾӡ
˵Ҳǣ˭۸ңǾǲӣ̫ãҲǽǼԣǹ⼶ķš

ģ-ô꣬ûѧᣬٻֵġҺٺЦЦ̲סۡ
ѽͻȻ

һôˣ
죺Ӹˣÿ糿˿ҪŲϳ̵ģҪҪһȥܲùë

Сأȶ¶Ȼ֪ˣ⵱ôô˵ӣߣЩнȼˡ
ָںͷҲȥ̫Ĳ£ֻʵΡ

ǵΪҪôңԼ֪Ѷ

Ц֮־οҲ֪ǱôǸںү߾ˣԺôӣǲõϱýˡ

ϿӻȥԼĳԣ־úЦΣҲǸĲ˵ľ棬ףʵڲ˵ϣɴҲӡ

ԶɵҽΪѣ¶٣Ҳ˸һԷͼǶæʰ
̲סü᷿ڸӣһ˲ǰʣôˣôôڣ

бһۣ̫˵ˣһѾʵڲ̰ᣬФԼФģֲġҲǣȥׯϽ㷴ʡȢϱٻ

Զסʡʲôҹ߳ģڣ˭Ϲֵģʰˣȥ̫̫˵
ȵȡҽסҪŵĵԶɣͷӿɰˣ˵īԺҵģģҲӰɣ

Զɣ˵ʱɲ֪һôƽ̫̫ء
ССͿʱܻؾʲôʱܼأҷۣϲȥׯϣɴһֽ飬ҸСǹȥܱȽ۸ǿ

ԶҲǸģ⻰ˣûǰ˵»ٵ¶ŶŻдͻ¶
ֱסݵĽ˶ࣺСҪְġ۸ˣǸ˵ʥּûҲ˵ĵš

Һߺ˵ŤŴͷ
ȥׯϡҲǲԡԶɼɴЩȥ

ߣ㲻ǻҪϳ
ЩҲˣ֤ᳳϢԶɴյףýҶؿշ

ЦˣҪãѽ
أáֵҹԶҲ֪ôˣȥͦһˣĻ˵žãȻһ㶼Υ͡

վſڵĴѿͳûˣҪᵹȥ
Цڶֵ᷿ҹɣҲϲˡ

ˣԶʶ˵꣬ҵһۣŷӦЩˣ
ҲûҪߡҷۣ̫̫ҰᵽԺȥԷּʲôӡ

ԶüЩ죬û뵽ĸ׾Ȼô˵
֪ʲô߽̫̫ƽͣƻ˶ˣÿԼ

ԶɳĬͻȻڵĻ
Ժ󡭡Զ㲻ҪЩֻԼ̹ˣһжү㶥š

ҲΪȻȻǰѾͷ檣СʱҲ̹ҵģϱָˡҺ˷ҲܹΪѣһʹ߸˵ģŽйӡ

Զͷ𶯣漴õסĸϣˡ
˵ЩûõģȻǴ飬ǰڶ᷿סţҵݡȵԶɸ̾꣬ЩҲסߣŤ㿪Ļȥˡ

ԶɲԸԼţּۻһ׷ȥ
ֻ׷ţ㿴ұŽվڻǰŸ˵ʲô

ӲŸס˷һЩˣСԴ῿ǰֻŻţСȭͷȥڿһ߬һ߬ģҲ֪ץʲô

Զɴ΢ͻȻʲô˵ˣе£ͷһƬԲ

պ¾ּΪűΪ̫ȥףּ뾩
ʮպʥּͻ飬ΪˣһƷھ

Զ͵ֱׯȦٲҵס˵Զɡ

гԴһ͹ˡڵԶɴԴ궾ƺɫЩ԰ףҲٿһˣԺҪڷعӣ֪㣬ҲùĶȥ
ԶɼҼ֣Ҳģֻȥķضţ˴ʥԻᴦãſɲҪʡġ

һ԰ڡ
ڷŶӸ߶ǲ֪˿㣬һϾͲˡӶŸҿ֦ɢҶһֱûϢˡ֪Ȼ͵͵ȱ˵ˣ֪ˣӵҲûӰ˵ʲô걧һϡ

漴΢΢͹ĸЩĽӣҪǰͷˣ˿ЩԺǸ棬ýҶմմ

Ц񣺡ô֪Ǻүһأ
ʵϵԶҲһֱûǰĦַ֪У¶˵òˣֻеԶɳЩ춼⡣

Ͼûԣ˭˭⣬ⷽԶ͵Զһ֮ѡ
Ŷǻи¾ƼͦŴҦϣҺ̲סһۣ͵͵Ц˳

ǾõˡҦȺһյ²裬ԽԽʥҲ֪춼ʲôҪ鷿ӣ˵ҪұýЩӹӣһҪǸأ

ڵĹײİҪǲסˡ
˵ҦϾһӿˮǰ֪¾ȻǸռôǿġ

лʺϣҲֻҺǰܷ°һ˵ͣ

ɸһѲμ˵ͽʥ˱ӲǱѵһԼҲͰˣʥ˶˵ʲô˼ұܵ˼ҵ˭Ļʺ󡭡ҦǺЦǿգˣɣմ󳯣ʷָҪڣÿԶȻҵҲýޡ

ĩʱڣöشͤΧͶϸĹӰݽ޵Ůˣ϶Ų֪ЦȻҪ֡
ϸЦţԹǼ鷿۹µˣүƺ̲סЦһ紵ҶӷɳЦ

Σ¾ãǡ
ʱһֱڴݵţҲĻ

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