=================================================================
ںţ...Դ.⣬С˵㲥磬ӰԴ΢ale202203ԴȺ

΢@԰
ƷԻͼ,˲κθݰȨУ24Сʱɾ
==================================================================
37꣬ҳ˺
ߣС
ͣԭ--ܿʷ-
Ʒӽǣ
Ʒ
1 
̫̫밲ūǴԺߵĴӣ̽ӲˬЩ̫̫ͷ
´ϥŮӳƽȢ޼ϣһŮӳʵȢϣŮ۶չȢ¬ϣŮ
ŮߵС㣬˼ҡ
޵ŮżżҵĹأϱϱδ޵СԼŮÿնҪø̫̫밲ƺƵʮˡ
ѾͷĻƽӼæ²յĽʣǿôͻȻͲˣҴ𣿡
ش̵ĻѾˣ˵ûʲô󰭣ֻ̰õıЩϢճҩˡ
ձȣʢı۽ڽ
´ǳ͢һƷԱȴ˾ĺţ϶ǵʳģûʲôöȫǵٺ»ӣýͰ͵ġ
ɳչ¬ǮģҸʷ̨ѲʷܵûϵĿء
¬Ͻź˰ָͷׯ¥̫̫֣鸮Ǯ
ҪҲܴҶòϱˣö
ϴ׹׹ϽǻΪǣҲЩ̣Ůӽ׻ۺ̫أ˸ɲá
ƽӾͲãúţӻء
֣߬߬˵ǣū˼ǲܡ
ˣ׵ֳȥ̣Ϊأ밲Ҳһ
ǣū澸ˡ
ǳ˻˱¹ʲô˼϶ྲ
ֿǣŽնڣм¶Ҫ֪һҲôġ
̫٣ϲϼϲΪϿѡŮʵ󹬣ּⲻվͻ´
Ǹǣͥ㶼䣬ү˼ѡ빬Ͱõѡ¶ǡ
ǳͥ»Ůû뵽ȻԼϣһ޵̧ͷ죬Ȼ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ϱϢҵͷؽᣬŵҫǹҫ鹵Ĵϲ£ͥضҪ
Լĸ׿ڣȻûгͥͳ»˵ķݶֻ˵ĸ
ǣأ
ңҸͥһ
Լ⣬ֱ㲻˵ķԸ⼸׼׼ѡ㡣
갲Ůɢȥվţſ˫۷Լ·ϸؾҳɫ쳤«ȹ
ȣõӶᱡɴƤ˿˿ģٺһñȹ÷ֻ֭ˬȥҵ˽ЩŮõĶֳ͵ͥǶǶɡ
̫̫ϳɵϴ飬ŮŮһѡ㣬ʵƺƵЩ
֣ԵûҶü֮֮
һգǳ¸̫̫ڣʲôҲǡ
˵ĻûãҲ˵
˵ʹ뱲ӶϵĶˡ
̫үԾǸӵܣ֮̽ǰȢϣ³´үƽ
ǳ̫үĸ׶µ£ͨͨԾƾٿô꣬һֲٳּչ˹š
Ծкӵʢʮյһ纮ˡ
ǳԾңʮϥûһŮԾѲϵĺҲڵĳǡ
ҪȻĳμѡʸûС
ҲҸˣӶʮģʮߡ
ԽԽܣһһ䣺ү̫̫ͿͲôӦԾף
ĸֻǲԺ縡Ƽû䡣
´һ֮
ڻһ˿ϼ
Ȼȴû٣Ȼȵͷ󺹡
ſԡͰԵ¶󱳺Ͳ
ֺ˲̫һǰƽ̹˵ҲŮ˲е֮
ϸϱºͳĿ㣬˵ūȥϿɻŶ
ţЩҪһáֿģ̫ȾͳԲ£ڶӿտյģǳԵʲô˯š
һ˸մ³Ŀ߳磬СûظĳԾͻȻ߽
Ծʮ꣬Ҳòƽɫ̸ϰ𪣬˾һǿľ񣬼͡
ȣһģ
ʮ˾ϸԲΡ
ƺⱻŴƤ壬˫ü޳ͦ촽顣
һ˫ʫĳԾҲ۾¹Ķȴ֮壬֮e


2 
һ¨֦Ѿ͵ã̫ˣñȹٳԡ
ʥϲǰֵģ̫ʮ٣˷ʳϡ
֦󲿷ֶ͵̫УСָ˺󹬼λԾܵôΪٶ꣬˲ʵµĹ͡
ûԹ֦֦ʲôӶ֪ȴһʫ
һ쳾Ц֪֦
óԱɽ亣ζ֦Ӧǲѳԡ
ллˡ
ȥȡ˵źϴ
ѾС˶ţԸת¡
ֶԳԾЪϢˣһ죬ҲЩϢɡ
ĲϣֵıɫӰһӣɽӱ۾·˯ˡ
ûһԴ΢ĸOO@@
˯òãڶû磬ͷǵۡ
ƫ˯̫ЩھҪΪ̫١
Ѿŵĳڣ־ԼʹٿһѾŵĳҲۡ
ҵĺ̫̫Ͻϴ磬ʱôˣӣ֡
ͷͷϴϴϽſ϶·ʼ϶ѡ
ʯȹͨצۣǰһ׹յĳ߳ӣһ˿Ű̴񴮳ɵĳ鲢Сңһ
ͷһ־ԼҪƽʱЩžӰƫͷСﲻףһӿܾһΣǸҪڡ
￴һۣС˵˵ʥϿúܣ˼ԴҲء
ҿ΢΢°֪ͣ͸Сβ͡
Ц۽ϸƿ˻̫̫ġ
˵߳ע⽫׺ɺĳڴͷϣϵİһֱۣɿҾѹˡ
ƶﱻüŪ۵ӶЦ߰ɣʱ
ϱõĽӣŴ½ΣйŮǰ밲ȵ̫סٹ̫˵˵̫֮һǬ幬硣
ߴϺѾ߻˶ǵһνڹŮ󲻸Ҷ࿴ԱһۣһСľͷ˹أϻˡ
һͷٹŲٺһƷڹϵĺԼס
̫Ǹ˴ŮΣҲ֪˵ʲô̫ϲʤ
СڲԭǶ˰ɣ㰢Ҳ㣬ĵñ컹󣡡
̫ĸողô˵ģ˵ŮҪû˺ú棬˾ûôˡüɣңһ˫۾ﲻ˿
̫ЦŵŮҪ˵ģڲԭôЩҲ湻˰ɡ
̫ĸ˵Ǿ͹ˣɣȫ̫ĸġ 
һһĵÿģµ˸˼λݵ͵ɲ岻ϻҴֶ̫ŮлҳʺͼλʶȤصӦ˳˵仰
ԭΪԼûģ뵽ȻѾôˣ۾ߵ˸׸񣺡ָ̫밲̫򸣽𰲣鿵̩
ڶ࣬ĳ̫Ҳʲôˣֻŵü۵ĸˣͻȻʣļҵģ
æ̫󣬳Ծϵġ
̫ͷԾҼǵãǸͷµĶ֮ġ 
¶
л̫󡣡
ŹŮָǰλã£Աߵ°յԣԹԣû뵽Ư˶Ҳ߯ܲأͬھôǾȻδ档
Ҽүͳ´ͬұҲ³س㸮ϣһҪ
һЦŶֵ·˱֣һëϲƯ˶˵ֻҪƯѾ߱ʳĳӶҪ࿡εġ
ͶСµͷ˿˿Ƶס
ȸǸԲ΢΢Щ̬Ͱסһݳüۼϡɼʱ
˶ʢŮʱǹѣ׺ߵҲ׽
̬Цţ̶̼ʮأҲƯʮ꣬ܰƯ˶ӼҴĸ
ֻǽһ·ˣ֪νˣϧˡ
ֵɹŮһҡҡɽѩֹֹƳ¶ϣġ
ޡ֪γƺ
̬ŷԼ̫磬æңſ㶼ԱˣҼү⣬̲ɵķˣǮϡ
ǴһƷԹҪѹ岿һͷȻҲΪס


3 
ۿɼϲ֣һ˶˹ӣһø㣬һҲûš
̫ЩԨԴʱϥ꣬ĵȻʡ
üЦ̫󣬳·ͶԵһʡ
Ư˶ͶԵ̫ȻʧЦ֣·ȷʵò˴δѡ´˸ϿŮ죿
ͷͻȻ䵽Լϣæ̫СŮǺŮ㡢ͥ䡣
̫ͷ̵ضǺõġ
л̫ޣʤ̿֡
ҵң밲ǲõǶȥĶ̸Ͻ̵
׼˻ԼĵضһӰشܹߣϵצ̴̵ش
˷忤
ҲϽ˰벽忤
񡣡忤Ŀֱ̫ͣͣ󣬡밲
̫˶ԼߣôˣӵŮ죬ûء
ǲ۲֣ȴ۰
忤ʱǱлھͺãˡ
ԼҪʵ۸¶һܾܵݡ
忤һԸоղһˣŮ뷽跨Ǳߴա
ߵСǰЩ̫͸Ϣ˴ѡ㣬Ҫ忤µոͲร
̫ʥϳ谮㲻빬Ҳѡ
ˣֲô궯
˿忤̫һ̫ߴͷüĿͦϻδʧĺ
ͻȻĿŵ忤۾ȼһȼյһŤͷװʲôû
̫߳ٹٵǬ幬ɢϯֹͷɢˣͷϵĳѹۣϵĳե
صո·ͷϳڣ۾˯ˡ

ڶһ磬ֻû𴲣˵̴ͥСͻСˣ˵ź̫̫ϴ
ؾűӷ˸ô궼ûźڵڿ졣
Ҳ壺Ҫūȥǣ˵Ӳˬ
ְ巭ˣѲţƤҩһĿĲݡҪɴ
ΪϹͷ룬ʹʹ
ϴãӡ߽
Ӷ쳤һ·𿴼ԼڣЦյӭ̫̫밲̫̫ҹ˯Σɰȣ
ϱֻ߰꣬źͷе
Ĳض㿪Ҫ֣λϡ
ͥ»Ҳæ밲̫̫밲
ɣ̧յ´˸Ƿ
ѹûֱãǹֽűߣȭͷȣ̫̫ȥУʲôѡϢ
źǷأǺ
Ծδ˽¶Ӳˣ
ϴšۡϣ̫̫С˶͹̫̫ٶ໰ô˵ĳڣ
ӣѾߣûѾͷôŵ㣬ȿôˡ
һӵԸȣûû£ź̫̫Ƕϱķ֮£̫̫ǡ
̻ŮǸ಼ƥʵʱԾԶھǣɽ·Զϵ
Ծԭӣ֪ԾΣûǮּ̻ǮͿ˳ʵĸǾү̽ڷ硣
һȥͳ˺£ھͳס
û뵽ڶԾȥĸӣƽʵһԾΪɵѪּҸϲ⣬ǧһҪóʵӣڳ¼
ϧԸΥôҲֻ˳ͥ»ãٰڣҲû
ʵӶˣСƫһһ̧ȴƨûŪһ
ģ޶˾ͳ˳¸￿վġ
ڣһׯǰ
ֻҪͥΪǶͳüˣԺ⸮ûٲǶ£
ϵһ㼤ĺɫ۽֡
ֵ̫Щּ빬̫٣Ե㶫ЩˮûԵġ
ʼѡ㣬ضǶģߣûʱ䣬Ҹ̵ֽǹ̬
ǡϻǲڹһû
Դһתͥ㵽ָǰ̫̫ҲҪģЩӾͥź򣬸ǶദԺҲиӦ
ֲĻΪԼǿСͥ͵ʲôٲŮǷݡ
ֻҪͥû¾סɣȥѶ䷿ʰʰס
ŷˣŮʹɫŲˡ
ͥͷϰ£Ѱ
ϰˣƽ밲޲ڽ沨沨ȥ˭֪¼ҵĵˣ̫үͽĶҪ͵̫̫ۣʣµĲֵõˡ
Ǿ²С̫̫ˣԼ鷳
ֲǴ̫̫̫̫ŮһеճӵĸףһĸˣԼĸ׺͸ģܶʲô¶ء
޲ðЬһļƣֻͱԸĿԵԺߣҲ˵
ҾЩ׼ȥڣʡȥ鷳
˰Ѷ
ǣ̫̫
ܿ죬ѾߣŶ
õһһƥһƥޣƥ˿Ůõ黨ִ
ͥͳ»۾βЩöʣµģɫʽ
ͥͳ»̧ۿ֣ѹסϲȸԾл̫̫
ҹõС᷿˯£ͥͭܵ黨ڷϣʳ»㣺ÿ𣿡
»ÿ
ĲɣͥתôˣӽݾͿһﲻͦõ𡣡
ĳͥϲˣȫȫĹ뷿ӡ
ԣȥˡ
»ͻȻ̫̫ľͺˡ
һڣբ
̫̫Ů֪жã̫̫ױ˵¥ÿмǧӽˣ⻹ׯӣҲǮͶ
̫ү̫̫ûвʵģ̫̫ŮĻͶĸ͢ԱĹӣҲϵڣȥμϣãѡ㡣
ѡء»˫ʧ񣬺ص
ͥҲ˵û˿黨£ż򣺡̫̫Ůһѡϰɣ̫̫ôÿ
¼ʮŮվû˭̫̫֡
Ī˵֣һ֣Ҳޡ


4 
ͥͳ»߶̵ֶúܣ˰յ˯š
ڶһ磬ϥµĳǺͳͥ»Ǳ˭һ˸밲
˯ڵѾͷ磬ҵ𣿡
̫̫ū˴ˣСýմӹԵﵱ
ֲȱԴĻСͽȥŮ
ЦЦҵǸСǸԶˣҷ˺ôľŰ͵ȥ벩ǰ̣Ļͥû뵽ʥϴӲұ֮ˣѰʮ
οգúõŮȥ˴ĥ
ÿһιÿȥ۸ǲϲзĹغͳصķΧ
и˵뷨ӡ֤Ǿ䣬֮˪֮ǡ
˺Űɣ밲
ǡ
żִԻߵѼֱ֣߽ͦȥ
һĳǳͥ»æ밲ֿ˿ǣֳͥ»ɫ߷ߣɫͥҹ˯ÿɻϰߣ
ͥ»̫̫ܳһûвõġ
ǾͺãתͷǵûӿⷿЩʱϡ
Ƕǳ¼ҵŮȻнѡ뷨ȻҪ֧֡
ҵƣ¥ѸЩϲΣѡ
˶֪¥Ѹ̫̫ļױĽȹʱֺÿ
ϲʤл̫̫
лﲻȼУǵĹѧûѾ˴ӹ֣Ǿ͸ѧء
ǡ
ǳͥ»ű˴ˣﶼ˳㡣
Ƹ˵ϢҲڸ¬ԼǮҵӺ񣬶ֹû˵ϸ˵ųʵֱлӼᶨͥҪѡľģԺ˭ƲǶһάֲˣָõķڿϵĳƽԹ
ү˳Ĵ󷿵ˣԺү̫̫죬Ǵ󷿵ġ
̫̫ǵĶ棬Ŀǰ
үƽǰ۾ҲĻ⡣
ҧгݣһϣΪҲ֪ǵ˵С˼ĥү˺̫̫һ£
฾ʲô´үҰƨɣסϵ졣
ϵ۾ŭҲĵسݺһҧóƽæķ֣ƿ籩ڳƽϡ
֪ܵĻ̧ϸûУôС潸ĶӣүĸΣ֪¼Ҽҵ㻹иƨĹϵ
϶Գƽľ׮ûʲôָˣųƽ¼ֻ۰ģ˭ҪǸŪ۶ӣĲĸŮˣҲܡ
˵壬¿š
һ̲ڿϵĳƽ߲û㲨Ŵ⣬ӱ˫˼ڣÿŪ棬лţ֋֡֋֡
ǸһɰŮ˻㱱§ڻΪΪ

ƣǳͥ»ڱ¥Ѹ˺Щ͵ϣ΢΢Ծ¾͹ˣ֪ˣ쿪ʼҪѧء
ҵСӣȷʵ˵Ǹˣ۾Сͣ΢飬·˵
ӡ󲻺ãж࣬ôŮڸǰһ¶
ڹɵľǲԹɫĻعڵϵʮǰɩף˶ԼͽֻΪһ翵ǰ̣ʮһؼңʼʩ񵽲ӵϴƫ̫̫ңء
ǳ¼ҹȥ̫̫ūţЩ˵˳ӵ
ּ޽źõĶǴӼˣЩԭūŴɵ䣬³ˣֶԲǳе¡
ҵƲϣغܺãһ˼Ͱ˶ˡ
ȥǱһˣҪˡ
л̫̫ϲʤĴʯͷ¡


5 
λѧصܿճ̣ڳ¸԰ѧϰ
˺漫ˣԶԶؿ֡
λͱȥӻɫѧЩ첱ڽţֵظһ飺̫̫ûƼС·ʱԱߺЩǶѧأѾһһģ㼷ȥ
¼ҺŷңûʲộϳĳԾȫֻֽ
Ƕԣһжģ»ôһƤëҲ⡣
ַҳ飬λѧô
ūţСѧֺֿãѾģˣͥСͻСҪһЩ
˵һǻųͥͳ»ӣҷ
ǺֹѽǸѼϼܣ첲ȶ֪Ķ죬˻ʵΪλСѺ
ãѾǸ
Ҳ˳ʣû˵顣
ͻȻ߽̫̫˵
ּǵλˣ˽
һһԲѾͷЦӯӯظ񣺡̫̫Ҽҷ˵˸ؽū̫̫ǰȥ档
ڣ
ǡԲѾϰ˵ԸҲǵһȥˡ
ƫͷʻүأ
أүһδأعæһʱظˡ
ֺε۾գգ飬лҷȥѡ
˵˵ţֵ˻̲סʻӻȥ鸮ҪЩʲôأʯ̫̫ӦϲȥõǼɺڼҪǸɡ
ϵ˷ֹܸҲֹסͻɫȴôÿ
ֹѹ¡
ʰÿ죬˼С£һȹʮֺϺ鸮̫̫ݣ߸˳ȥ
Ը¸Զֱǣſ鸮ϵĵ̨̣ͤ¥󣬻ľһ
·͸˵Ÿƽƽλϣĸ׶޸顣
Ŷ޸飬ȹʥһʥϼλ޸ʣΪ°Ѷ޸Ķŵ񲿡
Ѹߣ͢һֻ۱һֻֻۣɼֻɡ
иͷղ
ʥˣļ֮׽ʩ֤ڣ̫¡
¸ԸԺԺĽ紦ĸǿ׳̧һůǰ
ԼСյůأȥֵԲѾڽ̫̫ˡ
ּٳţһ·Ľӵߵθ﷭ӿҺݺ˿ڲ½Ρ
ŸأͻȻץס
ˣǶ˵ģƫ˵˼ҹΣƯ˶
ϣɫɲÿ۵ļһһģϽԸˣȥ
ְס֣ؽдЪͺˡ
ôˣģ
еȣСţӵˡ
ϵۣһʱӲϻ
Ǹ߻ֵģǻһӹСɽӣһӻȲǵһò
Ҵӳ¸Ըֵľء
ܣźŮŲŲڹдתǼˡ
ӽʼһˣԺҳ㣬һЩȥ⿴㣬ٰˮ磬ѾõϷȫȥҹ
˵ǻĶ
ϲ
ϲˡ
˵˼ã˼ͷ
ȥǰúõȫܵˡ
һҲصЦҿҪʲôˣߡ
ɲǣǰһ컻һڴ£ǳ·˳·ˣϣö䶼Ҫ𡪡
ŵ֪˵Լվ̨̧ͷǡ
һ˫۾ֱ̨ϵ﷢
ϵ̧°ͣ´˵ķˣϡ
Ŀγѣкϡϡ䡣
֣Ҹܡ
ǶԺʷķˣϡ
ԺʷеģüϬĿһȦѹ߶ôʱ䡭
Ǹˡ
βͶּڶڸѧʿˣϡ
£ʮ˵СۣһȦ˸죬ֵػѾֽطһӦʳ
֣ԼԱߣ裬Ρ
ɫյ͸ֳԵĺö࣬ɫζղɵǰժʱǰ峿
Ĵָñӡ
ⶫɲֻǿܿģ֣˵ǰϡ档
óǰǹ̫ģÿô㣬ʥֵֻ̫һ֡
ܺȵõ˳Ծʥ͵ĸû;ˡ
ɼԾҵ⡣
Ų裬ŵģϵľ׼¹˼
ر̨а˸ߵӱŽ뿨ߣĵСͻȻ򿪣һƨɣͷСк
첲ȶһڽڵģźƵأһ˫С
ѽ
Ƿ׷Ťͷ
ʱǰԺѾߴҴ߽̫̫밲ǰ忤ˣ̫̫ʱ
忤
忤Ȼˡ
֪忤ҾͰˡ
һͷˮүˣ⣬ⲻк
ӵĹԱŮ죬忤һУʲô¶
үҪ˭Ҳס
ϷԸѾߣЩΰʰᵽԺٽʮѾǸСˣЩ
忤ñȴĻҪ죬ѾСŸհΰںã̫̫Ǹ߳ţһµӰӰڡ
ڵλ̫̫Ͻ񣺡ү
Ġdʱһ۾Ϳڵϴͷ֣촽סҪ֣񡣡
Ǳͻŷ˸ʵ̲ס˺
ļҵ˶һòǽݣϺһȺŮйģûһһҡ
Ġdʱ۶֡
ȵĿӶѡ
΢΢ûﱳأɻ󣺡ô̫̫Ķ
Ǹ忤û˶ˣֲ¸˿
忤Сѹסͷֱ޲ĿǸ⣬Ǵ¿ź޲µȫ¶֪ᷳ
ϰѶʵ嵲ָǰ̫̫߰ɣ忤޹˼ɣҪǴʲôԺˡ
ò׳һأŻ
վţȥ̫̫𡣡
˶ǻ˼ʮ˾忤ֲزסβͣҿֵĿѰˡ
*
лҪ˵
ìܵġ
ĸúܺãӴ¡
ɫòСյܶ˵İ⣬ȱϲϡƽ
òԸȻҲԸʱ
֮ǳģ˼Ǵýпġ


6 
ʱߵؿЩƣû̫̫ˣ̫̫֡
̫̫֣ԲѾߣȸͳ̫̫˳㽫Ǹǧﾵ̫̫ϡ
ǣԲѾ߸̫̫ߡ
˵ĿⶼߣһϯĠdʱɫҲվ
̫̫ɫճɫȴ䣺үĶ
ôôֱūţϽҽүʲộ˭𡣡
źĠdʱ˶̫̫סĠdʱʲô¶ĻЩūţϽѯʣүҪҪ̫ҽ
ĠdʱѾʧԼ֣һ߿Լǰūţ˱Ĵ¶Ž̫ҽԴȥ
δ׷ȥ½Ƶ̫̫˼ˡ

뿪ʱʱ࣬׳Ľη򼸺Сܣͬ˵ﻹǾͣߴ٣ٿЩٿЩ
￴űӣɫ׵֣۵ðǲʶͳĹƨүһ١
Ȼ͵ͣ˲ΪǰԵ
ֱͲһŪθӿ̿ӣѯʽηĻǰӰںڡ
ϣպ죬ؿڼһ˲۾Ե顣
ʱĿּûһǧҲа˰٣˽񣺡֪үҲҪһʱүȥ·үˡ
ǡĠdʱճյؿġ
Сշתߣÿʱÿ̶ڻĸ޹ˣħһųԾۡ׼˸ָż˵
ִŲŲһֱûðͷ
ֱ֪룬Ġdʱֱֱ˹
кܶܶ໰˵·Ĵ򸹸壬Ҫǰӡ󣬿ЩӰ˵Ķڼֵʱ򶼻ҷ
ںյ̫̫ϲĻͽȥϡ
ү⳼ڡ
㲻Ǻϲ𣬼ȻϲʲôյģԵ𣬾˵ǱӲҪ͸ģ˭˵ġ
֣˲Ҷү˵ģԳʲôҵģүܣЩ˵۾ڿų
ĠdʱΧ۵ˣֿòֺΧ߸崩ųָָ㣬ʱʱH
Ġdʱŭգҹ˭ٿۣҡ
үֻԸйһ֮Ե
ʵƲסԼ˴򽻵˵صλظ
ƫƫη֪ĠdʱүˣҶ
һľ˵Σ˻ظʱҼ̰Ƿˣ
ηͷһ̧࣬ƹĠdʱܿ͵˳¸
ֺ½ΣԾߵӭ̫̫үõ̡
˻ˣôص磿
ȣأүţʥǰˡ
ֺٹʳԾ£ô˵ͷӽǸǧﾵ˼ССĿܿԶĶûȥûҪúø˵˵Ժȥ׼ϡ
쵽ãֿѾС˸ͦñֱվţɻԼСˣôˣȫܵʲô
Ѿͨһڵϣ嶶øɸһ
ֻͷʳԾߵͣʲôһҵɺˮˡ
ЦЦ˵
ֹװŪ
֪СѾ߸࣬ѹѹؼһźļͰˮͣˮӺ÷Ĩͣʯ塣
嵽ֽűߵˮż˿˿Ƶĺ졣
ˢ˿·˹ڵϺ޲ðͷ
ü߽Ѿ˻ĳԾߣȥĶ
鸮ϵ̫̫ȥͣ˼յ衣
Ծ˹ضյû˵ʲô
İЩ˽е
Ծԣ΢Ž˲²ţֻС£ԺҪĴ¡
ֺͻȻѾߣ˵ʲô
еѾϥع£ųԾ
ԾһӦˣ̫̫̫̫ôʣô𡣡
Ѿɪɪɬ㡭ˣ˵˵̫̫Ӳʣ˯¡
˷֡
ʲô
ʮ
۾ɴ
ʮѰӷ̶ʮȥʮߣʮʲô³
񱻰ġĶ
ʬѾʰͳˡ
ֳվȥѾͷСúܣӺһ㶼Ҫ˸һ𣬲֪ڴĵطڲڣû˸ơ
ΪĸһˣֵġԾǺܲϲĲյ
ڳ´ʲôҪģ
Ȩ
ֺȻָ´˻ܱɱı֮ˣ
ܶЦ֣´˳˰˨һ˨ãʲô
ҹЩ˵Ķȥ
ڼҵϡãԾȱһ״ɻƿУŵøæǳ⣺̫̫Ҫ˵ĶϸǵСϣ
һڼͷŵϽ˿
ԾߵôŴҵ͵̫̫·ϸȾ˷纮ЩӾúúûҵκ˲߶š
˰²£ӽȫ򷢵ȥź򡣡
̧ͷԾǴóȥͽ˰ҵĹײ̧ﱸɥ¡
Ծ۾û˵ʲôתȥ
һ۵³ȥƿȥʣʬҵʦȰᡣ
ūã̫̫ɫѿýдɡ
û¡
ǰͻȻһڣ嵹ȥ
Ķͣˣ̫̫
˰մ̫̫εˣ
ҳһţź˶Ұߣ³˵ڶֻ¡
ѹʱڸ촽
ſڴߵˢ۾̫̫ˣﲻմأū澽Ѱ
żҴҵĲСܳȥܿմ
մ۰ͰŵϷԭͱѰЩͷ˷ѬģŻѪУŻ»ԡ
֮ǰķӣȸҲͺ 
ֻмǣԺĪϷ㣬˻ἤγɳ̬ҽΡ
ǣлմ򡣡
մͺܴˣƽﶼǶСմֻö
ָĪִ֮ӳֵָơ
֣ҪԼϧԼܻףǱҲġ
ֱӷ£ͷڱѩһһͻڻ


7 
մˣֺҩҲԺٴ˯š
ȵڶʱѱˮʪģ޽ϸʪƤϡ
۾ұյϽɫöˣ˿
ӣȥˮ̫̫ϴϴٰõĺѶ
סأú𣿡
ֶסҵˣѾףȥ˵иʦΪʮյķ¡
˵ȴʲô˵
æ濪⣬ӵְšɣͲӡ
ųԾ밲ĸŮ춼ûֵһźѾС˸ĵ±ȥָǰź
ǰȻָǰգɿ³ȫϢˡ
죬Ժﺣ£ϥϸű̺˯ȥ춫ӻߵ̫̫ﲻ֪ôıүֵء
ôͳƽյһˣ
ֶǹӡ󲻴òжβľϣƲԼˣƽôῴϡ
ҡͷ˵ʲôĶУǴүѾ϶ˣ˵үϲᵽСԺרŲˣ´鷳
Ǽͣ
ôͣ˵ѾңֱǱȰſģһˣүôͿޡ
˵ʱ䣬ͷɢļͻȻݺ᣺̫̫ɵøϱ
·Ҳױݶһһ飬ƽüĿӴྶͥ
ӸϽȥ϶㿪ֻҪֹ
üͷʲôºú˵һѱһᣬҲۡ
һʲôģҶȫЦˡ
ԭƽԴҲûԺ˵ķţüΣС
Ҫ֪ƽȻɫûͬһŮ˷ϲɵüϷġ
ƫƫ⣬һҪޣ̬ǰδеļ
ϳҭҭֱϣ̫̫Ҽ޽¼ʮ꣬Т͹۰ʶΪ˸С潸ȻҪңһʲô
ɤżը˶ۡ
΢΢һ飺үʲô㲻֪жķ֣ôΪҪ룬ˡ
βһˣ
̫̫̲ЫĳŮˣҪ룡
˵ܲٲܲپ͵үƽɫõεóˮָżϣ޲ó⣬Ѫ
ƽܵķļϾЩֻ
֣
òʣ쳪ĳʲôǵúɱĲ
ĩѾ£¹ѵõ޵ˮºȺȹƯý˲ֱӡ
ƽͷǹɻϨˣٹߵǰ̫̫Ϊӵ·ģǶӵĲǡ
ֻ˴£ʵ̲ȥˣٸӡ
ýƽŵõõ㣬Ĺζֻһڣƽͷˣ⼸հԴҲЩѵ
ֲ֪ʲôɻʲô޵ͷ
ʳƽƽһһʮ˵ˡ
ԭͰͨУǰϳųƽūӲԺӣӲĺӴҪԺ
Ҳ֪˭ƽͨƽϻüϰ̥ڽŵ£һһҰּˡ
ƽѾʮģϥ³˼һŮûĶŮкӻ㿴Уͺͼ˺
ֿϣüͷ
תӿ캰أɱĳƽҼ޸ô꣬ΪŮտţûûҹææ£˳ˣҪΪһ޲ȥϹŰˣҸ㣬¼ҵˣ¼ҵĹһӵ¼Ҵء
ոջŭƽʱʮƽֵ˱ݸ֡
ʲô˵
ƽͷŰ裬ǲͷ´ٷʧ˺ӣҲܽ˼ί
ϸ룬̧Ϊҡ
ƽңһҪ̧ζˣһ˵ƽϣָӵóƽ϶˼Ѫۡ
ӺָϽ˵ԶԶģһѾΧŽб˱ˣٴˣǰȥ
ͻȻδõĳԾ߽ʵļϺͳƽһͣ˵һߣ
ԾվԶ֣̫̫ڲУǷ޶˵ĺͿ²Լˣֵ̫̫ǰ
ԾвܣȴƽӹƽֻǸţŸŪ˸δĺԺĿɢɢһһյصî
ֵûвλȨصĸ׵ģӼè
ŲӲ˵ƽսսذ˵һ䡣
ԾǶȥ߱ߵºݶҷ÷ʡ¡
һҲҽ
ԾǵǸ˳ƽһۣ˵ģ̧Ϊҡ
ǡƽͷ
޶˺ܿˣ³Ծ֡
ֲ˵Ҳӻݡ


8 
̫̫Сһġ
ʲô¸ģסҲ־ֱ߽ңűӶǽ
ԾҲ˽ſֱҪ˿¡
֣ҧҧ£ˣ̫̫δãմþ

ֺȻƱ¡
ǣ̫̫˵£Ϊ˷źҲֻ˵Ҹϴ
ųԾҴ˿̲뿴㣬һ㣬Ҿ뵽뵽಻ĵ¡
Ծַ̧£󣺡ɷ򡣡
ҡͷǸƭӡ
֣ԾͻȻԡ
ķ綼ͣˣżмֻСӶ깣֨ѽ֨ѽؽл
תڴϣﱧŸһɫӭųԾ
뿴
ûһŲӿſյӣӣȥĶˣ춼û
̫̫һ籧¥Ѹƹˣ˯ţұȥˡ
¥Ѹԭĸ׵ޣּ޸Ծת¡
ҶϰֺţÿҪһǧɾǮģƹҲŵùˣǰδ¡
أͻȻˣ˱ݸ֣̫̫ɣٲܹС㶼Ҫѱ¥Ѹȫᵽˡ
ֽӹ˱˷
ʮʱȡ߰һԣǶ˿һԡ
¶ʮʱȡִһ
¶ʮһʱȡߺһֻ
ٿ¥Ҳͱ¥࣬һվȡһǱ˻
ƹˣСڱ¥˾ŰʮĶѸһǧʮģµӯȫȥ
˵ʱ򶼿ˣ벻ƽﲻĳǻô̰ģȥʱųߵѾˣֺظ¥˵Ҫͷ棬Ҫ¥˲ҪŪӲǺġ
ѵİѱ¥Լˡ
̫̫ɵùܹܣֻһǸѧֻһǧӽȥҲ
ӣСͥЩʲô
Դ˴үԺûʱ̵СͥСС㣬ūȥѾЩ£̫̫ū澣λСĽ̵ѧϰô죬ҪҪһ֣»ûü̫̫㱨ء
ҲҪи³̣߰ɣȥλѧô
˱ϡ
ֳţ߳ĸСѾСˣһһңӾһɡ
ոս̫Щ͸֦Ҷڻɽˮɡϡ
ϥ£ûֹԼĸ󲿷ʱǶ
ԺʱѾӣæ񣺡̫̫밲
ɣСڲڡ
ڵġһѾߴ𻰣һѾתҪȥͨ
̧֣ô鷳ѾСվͷѾС߽ȥ
˸̤żŴÿԣǲر㡣
ǣﲻϰߡ
ʲôϰߵģ̫̫õĶôãҽ˹ĺںͷء
վżüͷ壬صؿһ£˵Żͳ͵վϵһֻֽűߡ
ֻּ￴˿ɫõĿƵĽֻ
̫̫
ֻֽŻϣ﷢ϵĽ¥ھҲŵϺŵģ˵ϵƣЩ˵
ò
ɫ˽漴Цߵǰ̫̫Ҳ˵ãǾ֤ĺˣȫҽ軨׷⡣
ȳϣŽ𻷣Ů̫̫ϥ£Դ̫̫շıһȴ޳ò
ҵ̫̫ҵ¥Ѹһ۾Ϳ𻷣̫̫䲻ͺƤ׼̫̫ȥ
գգۣŮ·Ʈڰա
ַ˱ԭǸҵģҽ˶࣬ûȥɡ
ӣ¡
ǡ
һԣǶ˿һԣִһһֻȦһ觶һԡ
ȹӣӵ̫̫ʲô˼
ǲǴ֮ˣִСŮʶĶ֣һ֪ôд
¸ʮŮ죬ҪǸһӻô
˱ϣŵϣųǡ
ǸûĻȫЩҪûȥĶҧ̫̫ҪҿҪȥμѡˣ˹ǹ̫̫ºҵġ
еƽԼϹϾıŮȻ˵óⷬˣճ£Ժʲô컯Ҫָ׷©ʲôҲǸ¼ң̫̫ʲôϵ
϶ߡ
øȥӰ˽н˵ϵĶ룬ƺƵˡ
͸һųǵ֣Ҫ֪Щ̫̫ģ˵ʲôҲҪ̫̫ͻȥ⵨ж¡
˵˱ǰԼ
ﱻŮһ£ұ̫̫û𱰡
Ǻһӣ϶ڵϡ
һֶΣôôı߶ȥŮ
СֹұѾߣҪ̫̫żûҲҿү̫̫Ůʲôأһļȱõģ˶߿һۡ
˵ˣ˵ЩΪжãǶЩԼʣĸңƽװжã˼׷ҪƤҲôˡ
˵ģϵĶ
ûв͸ǽ˵¸ƴĵطһ츮¾Ͷ֪ȥǶö£һЩԷﴫõǡ
ߵĶЩĶҲ˵˶óڽ
ɴԼѡ㡣
ϹŮ䣺ѧСãûؾ͸ɳֳ£֪˭Ȣ
һͥͳ»ǰҳŵŵػǡ
Ͽ⸱Сһ˽أ˵
Ƕˡ
Ͷи￪ۡ
ͥ»㿴ҿ㣬˸׼Ĺǡ
ϸ˵ҲűŴȣúúãҺˡ
ˣѧ£ȥ̫̫
¹ԼԺǺӻǻӣϸŮ˵ȥ̫̫ݾͼĵص̫̫ۿͥ㶼Ҫμѡˣû˽ǹأô찡
µ¶ﻹһƥĶӣϱȻһ
Ϲ͹Ƶزȥɫû̫̫أ϶ÿúܡ
һϴһˮͷִϴһ԰ƽûϼĵˣ˵ǶʮҲš
Ͽɵۣɵ㶵ص˵˭Ůòʩû̫̫أʲôʩʩ϶Ȳ
иСãϲɫ
һǳ¸̫̫ԳֻܰЩѹףĲ̾࣬ٲȻɫɫ
Ѹ»˼ƥӺݽӣһʱɫϻᴳ
ĲʹɫӰѶպã˶ڿϣŮ˼Ҷ࣬ȴ٣һʱѰʵġ
һĴȣҾͲҼͥ㣬ģġ
緿ˣָոʧ˺ӣٽ
ȥúܺأҸ£Ҳûоܾ
ֶϱ㶼̸ˣֻǹ·ء
Ȼ˫Ը⣬Ҳûʲô˵ġ
ٺ٣Ҫ̫̫һģ̫̫ӦģҲˣҿɲ֧ʹˡ
Ц۽·ڶڲסͻȻʲôӻͳһķӣ򿪺óһҡ
մֲڣ˴Ҳ̫̫Ī
ȷʵڣһɣֻ׺ף
ֽ˹ȥ˸ƣˡ
̫̫ϲٸĨʼˣŷ硣
û뵽Լջ̫̫ķۣͷúܡ
ɲǳˣ֪̫̫Ȼôָ֮£ûʲôģ˭һ
Ҳǿ̫̫һͬʵ̬ȣ̫֣Ϳһ޳ɵүʽ΢类ѹҴ
Ͷұ϶̫̫мĽ֮顣
ҪԼ壬˶٣ûҪѡˣȥ
ǣϾȥ
ãϻԼ̫̫ϲԵֶնյ߹հ˹գԺ
óƽϲסߵ᷿ǰĸѾź
ϽȥͰ̫̫˼˵ˣͥ÷ˡ
̫̫ѾŸȹǰЩӸСɫе㲻ĻҰף̬ʮʮˡ
ͷ̾Ҳ͵½Ӳū澣ҪȻƾ⸱òôܽ˶û̵
ͥҪΣԺ·ҲҪƽ̹ࡣ
һϾ¼ûһÿģŮĻãģûһƵƯģˡ
ֿʼ̹ѧأͷֻͥ㣬ԼĳҲ˽
ּ죬ѡӵˡ
¸Ϊǣģܺ͹ϹϵʱһĻǰ
´̳еظλΣϻ˵ָ档
˵ûãѾߴŴõ˽ݱ
͢ѡ涨Ůѡ㴩ıװͷ
˶ǻûѡŮСͷͥ»һɫ黨һǳ黨ɫҲͬɫ
ͬСͷȴ٣ܵ黨һһߴһҺֻϸһֻ
°ۣŲȻףʣ磬Ǹˡ


9 
վһͥλαѹһͷ
ϰ۶췭ȥתͷԼˢṾ࣬绨ŮҪǶˣҪɹ¹ˣԺӿҪôŶ
ֱͥģҾѡϣܻˡ
 Ѿͷ˵ʲôأһѡϣ
Ϻ޲ðѾͷض¯죬û־ĻôôŮ
͵ػϻ£߶Źʴۣ϶Ůһٽ
ǶҲΧһˣ´̳̣ϻϥ£ȥ֮ǰҪݱ
Ҳƽϣͷ˵˼߳ģ˵
ȻС̫̫ܽ⳵ˣ
һ˸ϽվӵųǺͳͥ»ţߣ⳵ǰͣţһɫۣɫѥС̫ǣӡ
ͱúɰװţһһݡ
С̫ϴЦ񣺡Сǿϳɣʱ
׼һ£Ϊľһ죬˵϶Ʋסس˷ܣŽŵŵ⳵ܿʧתǴ
Ͻ־Ž⳵뿪ķȥֺڵüë
һͱĳʵݺݵش˸Ƿƫͷڸǰɣִû˰۰ͰͿţ㲻Ůˡ
Ϻ޺޵һϣϵ⣬ôô첻˯ɣҲҵ¶һӳԺܹʲô
ʵҲүҲƽϡ
Ҿͷۣ
ȻʵԸعˣԲ߸ߵż·һԲһˡ
òУֱԹ̫̫үûˡ
ֵЦЦòãҿɲ֪֪
ϱЦͷһؿڽлҵ̫̫ɱ׶űЦżˡ
ɤŴſڵ˶ò˵Ļһ̫̫־⻰һҲš
̼ƤЦⲻЦûʲôʱ̫̫ô׽ˡ
¬ϱѾ߰ţ˿ȣɲǣǰɩûô˵أĶ˵ɻġ
϶Ůɷż¬ȴ˿ȻڨڨЦŲ֪˵ʲô
ֿһۣ˻ظ

ʽͬ⳵˷ʻ룬˵ذţٽš
ϳ̫³ˡ
ͷһ־ֻĳͥ»ҲˣΡ㶵졣
˺󼸲ԶԶģһҲñ˿ǺԼݡ
ͥĶ֪Լˣе㲻֪롣
»ķ˸ۣų֣ͥԸϳС̫ллл
ʮС̫Цùлūֻ֮ȥ˳š
»ԣӺɰͳһССĽӣЩ˵ɲ˵
ССһӣֵС̫༸С̫ϲʤսӣĵй飬ū˵̫ϲ鶯ġ
˵꣬С̫ǣ⳵ˡ
վԭصĳ»Ŭסϵ顣
ٸĳͥãԴսʣôˣҲһ𣿡
۾ԲԲԲԲһӡ
»غͺƽʱһҪ£֪𣿡

ŶͥͷȻ֪ԼΪʲôͷ
ǿӣԼҪǲӦҪ߶
ǵͷɡ
С̫˵һŮǰûվãһ߳ĸλųУνš
СֹŮǸϽŵֺͷ
ǽߣɫ붷ÿһ綼ϵϡ
⻹ߴߴŮʱ۱Ǳǹģʮֵľ
˳ź·ֵλڴ˵Ⱥǰȥ
ǡ
һߣĵ˲ˣСȸһߴߴظС˵
ļҵģ
ͥͳ»վڻ´˳ˣͻȻ˴תȥֻǸ˫üȻޣȴ⣬ƽ׽ˡ
΢΢ף游Ծҽͥҽг»㡣
޵ĹҲ˸񣺡ֲλ˼֮ףԭŵڡ
˼˵Ĺ򣬳ͥĿɿڴɵػʣǽļҵģ
ŮҸǴ䰲
ͥƷĹ٣ھǲˡ
Ůŵ游̫ٺ衣
̫ǲǻϵʦ𣿣
»ݺݵذĻ̻ȥ
ٿ˳ŮĿⶼͬˣվһıҲ͵Ķȥ
ͬͥ»վڻ£һš
ÿһ˱йȥʱ˻ɥЩƲס޵۾ˡ
Ȼͥ»Ϥ֡
ǡػġꡢһ
˼ȥֻƯƯĳǰȥŮ̫ߡ
ջĿ⣺ʶ
ҺͥСá
Сãǳ´˵Ů
ǡ
ʱ֪ѡŮӦλˡ
˳ڣ̫֮߳Ůǣʮߡ
˷ܵüҪܺƴס̵ģ
Ůǣμ̫Ը򰲣̫ǧǧ
ǰ滹졢죬̫ŮѾϰٸ˶Щˡ
һƷԱŮȻŮһɨ
̫ӡ̣Щ£ԾŮѧò̧ͷҿ
ٹʺ͸ɶڣǳԾֵŮҲؿ
ܿ죬̫ʧʺͷʯͷء
û˿֮ɫֻƵеȣֻǵᣬһ°ۣСͷŵ˳ۡ
̫޶ԵĻʵۣ֪һ۸ڶѰɫŮӣӰɣԾŮ̵ǲ
̫Ͻǣңӡ
κؽӹңƮƮ߳˳ţֱ̫֣ŷӦϲذԼҽţѡˣѡˡ
ҪĶ̧ͷ죬ߣͷأƽ̹ ǽ·ǻģɢĵ
ȲҪϢˣǣԺǻϵŮˣʲô˶С
ص˳⣬ڵȺһ۾ͿңĽļʵģȫǶ
üͷȻ֡
ͥͳ»ȫͬ
ͥѹûѡͷѡֻͳ»˵ѡˡ
»㸴ӵöࡣ
ȻãȴͥҪö࣬Ҳ
ͥѡˣͬ鸮Ůл
˳Ⲩӿ˵̫ȴɵؼͥ»㡢ʫϵ

ҹ¸ȴû˯⣬ҪôŷҪôྐྵӶʱʱѾȥſڿûж
̫ÿͿŮҲֲֵ֪õҪûлɣӻ֮ǰһ
ˣ˭⸮ﶼҪ仯ˡ
ʱ⳵ǰʻ֣ҵĳ¸˸ϽܻȥţСˣСˣ
˻վŴȥԶԶأͿ˴ĹŮ̫ӵ⳵ֻһС̫ʱĺᡣ
¸˸飬޹ġ
¼ð̣Ҫˣ
һ⳵ȿǱŮ˳ɨһſڵˣԾӯӯ°ݣŮҲ
ȻԾͰ
Сɣһ򡣡
˵ţȴ񣺡С
ĳ¸񣺡С
˵ΣɫҰ¼ѡŮ϶ѡˡ
ҲųĳͥſںѹѹͷŵòûʵˤڵϣܵߣǸʲôأôأˡ
úܣɲˣ㿴СöﳤշԺڳ¸˵̫̫ƽƽҲû˸С
һѧأһѡ㣬ʲôûţ֪˷ЩʲôǶ£ͳ徲
ͥգգۣӻңҲѡ˰
ţû
ͻȻɴ۾Ǹң㣬˵ʲô˵һ顣
ҲѡˣǣûС
Ҳȥлȥ𣿡
ϸ˷ˣҵıŮСҾ֪ǲһģڱڱӡ
˵˷ܵܵԾָǰ۾гһص̫ү̫̫ͥҲѡˣҲˡ
һʯǧˣ¸챻̼ò֪ϦϦ
ԭ붼ģھȻ¸Ȼ˵ûۡ
ҹ¸ĵƻ𼸺ûϨ


10 
սԺӣϾҲ̲סصһѡ㣬ȥŮ֪ûǰģ
ѵôֺӶһС
ȹڣżȥֲģҲŲ
̫̫ﶼˣǸûĵİǣС̫̫߳ԺõĺȺõĴõģһƾȻ̫̫ֻҲ̫̫
߷ߵҪǼ̫̫ϥ£ƾĳѡż
ݣץţŸʮĹ˹һӼţҲԼ
Ҫû͸籴ճ˸ô죿ӻأ
⵹û뵽ġ
ѡŮȫϵŮˣҪԼϲģʣµѡŮ͸ү統ร˵óǺͳͥǵڶ֡
һı߶гǰš
˹ڸﲻܿ˵
˻ӱյĸ̫̫Աñϥô붼޵
˲֪Ҳ˵¶
ǰ̫˵Ҫ忤ѡͲรѡһŮʵǰ
һ֣Ġdʱ겻᣺Ȣ
ǰЩ˵úúõģŹþͷˣ
̫˽ͷϲģһţ˵˵ļСˣ
ʱ˿̫󣬲˵
̫˹صѧʿ޼ҵŮ൱ҲҪָ
ʱץ̫֣Ҫģÿ
̫һۣ޼ŮżĶģŮӲŮǰˡ
ָһܶҵСŮϡ
Ůڵһ۾УССѵˡ
ҸϸȨԺʲô£һ
̫ıĻʺҲ޳ɣѡ㣬Ҳ˸ϣòʱá
ɩ㲻ȰȰô塣
һ뿴ʱɼҵ
ʱ̫ʺΧԴֱðǡ
ЩʱҲ֣ҲԲ棬Ҳ˯ţֻԼС뱲ӻʲô˼ԼϲŮ˶ò
̫ʺһ主ϣһ主ϣһƨ ϣǸôãôлҪˣƸʲô
dʱ̫ò˵£ϸʲôǸ϶õĺӣôãٺ־ͰѾ޼ҵĴ͸
ʺȻҲȰҲ븻빬Ϊ
һ쳣ŮˣԺռ벻趼ѡ
ȰȰĠdʱ鲻ԸصͷǾ͸ϰɣ£ȸˡ˵żæŵܳȥ̫˵仰û˵ɡ
⺢ӣ˻ôëëģðʡġ
ʱźãҪǸһȥĶôĵСް
ʵлʵ۵ĺãʱʱĺãʵѽСûðҲٹģûأͳˡ
ĶʱŪЩ¶ðͷۣġ
ʺ΢΢Ц죬ʮ޸XλյĹ̫ദʮ꣬ĥһЩ
Ϻ忤ֵܣ̫ȴһ
һԼݱ΢ƴƴȥܲʻ̫ȥһεĶӣһԼʱȻܾ谮ӡ
Ȼʼݱʱ忤Ǹޣ֪ж۶ӡ
̫Ůָ˸忤รʣµģƶ߲Ĳüɣť»ϡĳǷ˹ˣʣµ˳ڴӦʮŸŮ
һǱ߾лˣɨطöæȻ졣
¸Ҳ֪ܿǵ÷ˣͥӦ
ڳԾߣֱŴĳǺ¶үϣгͥ
±ĳ¼λүλ̣ƽ޵ŮŮˣѴЩ²ȥš
ԾĿڴɨǵ÷ˣͥӦʵƵҳ¼Ӧм㣬ԴΪ̵ſǰΣԺҲΣҪԴΪͷǣضϴ
ǡ
һЩβģ˲䱻⵱ͷһȥӡ
ԾתͷųǺͳͥƽΪҲϣպܽЩ͸͸һЩ··
˹ҵˣڹҲϵų¼ҵ裬ǲǸߣֻҪǲ۳¼ҵ¾ͺá
һ麮ţһƷԱԾԿɼһߡ
ԭΪ˶ѡ̫أǸԼȨ䵽һ˿һĶרеӣһƷԱŮ빬
´λ˼Ůֻг»ûѡǻ˹ˡ
Ҫ֪˴ѡҲ˶ѣɾ캺죬Ծƾʲôɾ٣
¸ԺһӦֺʹϱƹܣǳͥȻҪһǮ
Ծпȥǰ󣬼ϵͥǿɵø׼ЩĶ֪̫̫δ㣿
ӵĿⶼڳϣ¼ҺţгϢľǳԾǳ˹ˣĽòˡ
ߣǳܵ»ӣǲó¼ҸĻͥվȽŸ
־͵ＸʵʵۣүΪ䶼ʵڲͿյӡ
йÿ˸ǧӣٸϰѲͷ棬ǾΡ
¸ҵٱҲһƷԱÿׯӵĲŵһ飬ƽյĻʹӹá
Сǵı£Լôô
ϸִԺ֪óǧǲ٣İѺͷ滻ǧףﲻɵðͷ
¬׾͸ĸѧܼңĥĥҲֵ˵á
Ů˴ӦҲָͷ̫̫ײ
ŮŹһĴûʲôġ
Σ
һվĹģСڹеĳеĴõôӡ
ǺɸֵذקϾǺϣͥǸӦɩ֪Ҳܲܺһÿ񸮵ǵӹ
̫̫ü̫̫ϱ̵ţȴֵĿʾº޺ްסˣ̫̫²ؼ߸߹
¸Ǵ󷿼̳УֲŲ̯ˮ
ֶţŰѴ涼ѹõ͵͵Ĺ˳ǣܰ£ȻǾ˵ɣǾͰ뷨˵Ǻϼһ
ѾͰ̫̫˵ģ£ףͷ˵㣬ټס
Уӣڹ¶Ҫ㣬ǧӽȥ죬ǧҲͽ
ǧЦˣСûܹң֪ҵѣ̫̫ʹɩõĳô𣿡
֪һʱò֣ĸµļ¥ӵضһһĺã͹ˡ
ֶ˶˵ţ˵ģǧӼӰͷ棬ԼĪһǧð
ϣó٣
ѲϲʨӴ󿪿ڵĳǣ˵ͷҪӳҲûôߣ̫̫°˶ָŹгԺȣﻹʲôӣׯӲãȫͿҲֻǧ
ϴʱЩԹ̫ү˵ȥ˭ţһƷҲôҲơ
ĻתͷԳǵϥ¶꣬ǧһҲ᲻ãֻǸﲻֻ㣬ͥҲҪҲú˱ˣ˽Ҫʼ뿴˼ңǶ˲ƽǽˮ϶
ӵضãڳҲҪѹּۣһүϸ̸үʲô˵Ƕûʲôɣ
ϱȻûʲôޣסŽڵȥ
߳ǵĲ֪һ߾͵߹ô棬ſھҪ̫̫ױҪ̫̫һнշ⣡
ȽԺܵãǶǰȲһˮȣ
Ҳˣ°϶˵ٶҲá
ֶԼŮ鶼ϥҲͷͶڽЩʱʺ򣬵ҲŰ̬ȡ
ҲɳԲˣ¥ׯӽǵʱĸһֲٰģ˵һǣһٸҲȾָ
ɫȾǦңԾ͵ãɨһȦû֣źѾߣ̫̫أ
Ѿ߻أ̫̫˵е㷦ЪϢˡ
Ծ̧ȥһ߽ңƹ磬Ƕ˱һ޵㡣
ٿȥֻһֻϸ˴ƿƿſҵﺣģмһ¯ȼŵ
ֵ齣ǰҵǱʣǳ̸ǣīڹӭ
Ծָʣһ˿ߵǰ˫ֱ󣬴۾ϵˡ
ֳţһֻѹ£һַֻڱϣ˯ú졣
ô꣬ԾǱס۾ֶüۡǣ䡭ûһ
Ծͷ˯ȴͻȻ۾ŽǰĬĬ塣
ԾûԶ˳ֽЩͷŲ˵ǵ»û
ǣүʲô³𣿡
ǰլҷġ
˯ϲ٣ÿζѾø£ǽ˯ʱζ˶ɢ˴룬ͷɢǰϡ
ͷ£ĵӣĵСҰס
Ծֵÿճʱøᾭ飬ľʱ꣬ʱֹ
쳹װյƻ谵ֻܿ齵һء
ϣֱקţŲҡεݶðҪůһͷԽԽ䣬ԽԽ䡭
ڶһ磬¸¶֪ԾԳǽĴãȻôһ֪̫ү̫̫ʮȴҲû뵽Ϊ˵ĳСܵôҡ
ûźãﻹ͵̫̫Ƕѵ
̫̫ſŹϸϸذڶĳ´үÿ̫̫ûĶŮ¼۵Ҫ˸̫̫ȥ
´ү뿿ϣббؿֻԼС꣬ȴԼ̬ļϣͷǵ˶ͷ궯ӡ
ֻʥ򽻵ѧֳԵģ
´ү۾װ˯Դȴ֡
ġ
ϧˡ
´ԶԽԽζ۾ߡ
Ͽܻںͷϵĸɧ깴Żˣ
´үȴСˡ


11 
ǻǧӣڹûϳ谮绽Σڶͱͷһ
Ŵˣ˵ʲô
ʵͽص̫үСĸ֪С㣬һӦ˶̫̫
ﵽóд𾭣ֱõķ𾭳Ϊֹ
ƾʲôĿȥߵİɣװñ˭ãʵһӵеŮ潣˲֪忤¶أ
Ұ˵ʲô֪˵ʲô𣡡
һֻܾè˵СҹûϢã˵ͿأʹȥϢ
˲ܴ󣬳ô˦˦˵קųȥҡ
ңǲ֣㵽ǲҵΪʲôұ۸վߣֻϡ࣡
ҪˣҶӣһƬǽ塣
СҲӦĻ
޿޿ޣ֪ޣҪҲǰޣ㡣Ǵ
ү̫̫ϲˡúܣҪ̫̫ӣү̫̫įҪ̫̫ϥ£лѾ߳Ϊҡ
ΪүǰգֻҪгԵдģ㡣
ǳ¼ҵˣôȥǡ
ᷳľ⸱ʲôӣ֡
ԼҪҪҪͷʲôǳ¼гϢˣӸʲô⡣
һǧһ⣬ǻǲɳԾĻʡ
ڶ컹û͵ã˽쵽Сеľ鶼ˣ̫̫ûۻӡ
ǣл̫̫ȴ͵¼ˮīӿʼд
ô껹˵ĻֵȥɣҪǿڡ
ƽնעעСǶˮʳ򶼱ˣһһʼˣȼ̿ȼǶ壬ӭŷڣ˲
̫̫ʡ
ǵЩڸ©˳ȻݲۣĿȴЩ졣
ֿûңʲô
ǳǣҲǳԼ£ûϵ
̫̫Ǻԡ
ҲŲԣֻùʡĺӣͻȻµĻӣ
ЦŰѺӷŵСϣոմһģҿūܵÿ죬һˡ
üЦ򿪺ó飬·Ѿͷ¶һµǮ
򸸱ʫ飬ʢĸҲдһֵֺĲŮ
׵Խ̵Ȼ
˾ʫ飬ϲͨһĻ˼Ļ˴ӡ
ϲļ֮һ֮İÿһųϷھúܣҲ뿴Լʵֵ̫֪࣬ʲôʱˡ
ֱǹ裬ӭϣýζ
ԱЬӡ
չȥ˿¥һСӹˮͷõǲɴõģҽĥ˿ףôСգЬϳһȦ
Żչͦãʲôɫ
£ȥѺֻȫСľװŵĸɫʯӣСĴָôСĺͻƶ࣬ˮͷãӨӨÿˡ
־ϲЩ֮˫ӸӵЬ׵ģǾߣƣٰǳǳǳʲô˳򣬴С鴮
뷨ôһ˫Ь·䣬Сб󳤰صľͺÿ
ȹӡЦŵ
İ壺ȹˮɫ[֥
ʵȹˮɫãɫЩʺ̫̫á
ƲƲ죬ֹ̫̫һ顣
ûԼϡ

Ӿôعţﾭ黹û죬Ǻͳͥͱ˽ӽ֪һڴ㹬һ̸ûϢ
תۣڡ
ʲôջڣջϴ߽̫̫һ׮֪ɲɡ
ʾ˵
ĵϣⲻڿ쵽ˣСҪȥǸߣ˵ʱ˶࣬ǶҪȥ
̫̫ãô˼ѽɢɢġ
˵ɽϵúܣҲȥݰ
񣬵Ǹߣɽɽϵ£Ŷ˼
ǶȥɣҾͲȥˡ
֮ǰүѾȥ̫үǶˣ̫ү˵ˣһ˶ȥҪիŻ
֣
ϣ̫̫ĺլŮӣǡգʲôȥתתβȥ˵Ҫȵˡ
ֱ˵ˣͷӦ¡
죬ùţ¸Ƕʰ׵Ѿǽȥ
СŮŮּۻ۵֯һƬֳʳζ̻ζ
δĿתͻȻС˵ȭҾɰý̲ס쿴ϲĺӡ
ۼ⣬źӾ߿ߺȣС˿СˣǮǮûǮ˳ҼСԵúܣֻҪһͭ壬ܶҾ˺١
Сɿɰֻ۾ԲˮģֱֵģŴӡ
ִӺɰ˵Ľӣøˡ
˿Ž۾ֱˣæлͣлˣлˡ
Χ۵Ķٿ֣Ǯû׬Ǯˣ⼸ӹ갲ˡ
СƺҲ֪ãѧ˵Ҿ
ͲסƿȥСΧͻȻ˶Ӻľ
Ͻӳ̧ε߿Щ
Ͷ֪ѾڰǶεġ
С۾ͨͨ뿪ķ򣺡磬ǾҪƱ
ˣսӵһҪǰ鸮ϵһˣӴٲñ˳ھǡ
Ҫˣ鸮ͷˣ֪ԽĸŴ󻧣ԽŮڣһ֪˰ȥ׷ãֻˣ鹡
ԣһӵӣϰչṩϢ·ϣҵڶΡ
û뵽Ȼľɫ
ʿˮȥ

С۾˷
Ļɫ֮ϴ϶᲻ת֣Ҫ˵ԼҲܼͷ
죬ݲϡ
ͨȴȺﴩβһԶԶ׹ڳ¸һ˺ͷ
*
лҪ˵


12 
ɽǾǽվһɽ½ڰϣͨɽϵ·ֻһ˲еʯС
µʱ򣬳¸µȫϥϽСȥûпյ
ܿ죬С˻ˣʦ
ʦѾ֪Ծݣһ˾ֱ棺⼸ոտճʩɷ
һԺ˼ÿһһĸ֡
ƽʱȻôţɸղų¸˻˾ףҲʦסǲԶ˶û˵ʲôء
˵ǶۺˣھŴϴϢ
ѾСǳʰɽȪˮһһ衣
ûжķ䣬ֺͳԾסһ
šӵݸ֣Ŀ˿źĳԾ
ǳȥ֣ɽϷ󣬱ȴ졣
˵ţӣûԾкˡ
ͽӹԾֵӣֻ̫̫ˣҪɸ˸ţóʲô⡣
Ծ̧ϣȥɮڶֻ࣬ȭŹ򣬳ʲô¡
ԾڴǸѾߣ
ЩʱֲҲǰգ˵
ֵЩڻûļ
ȿȡԾ
æȡҩƿһɫҩ裺үȼЩʱˣûã
ëԤ֮е£˶ͺˡ
üҪ̫̫ô˼̫࣬ɼ
ү̫̫̫ļ̫̫ĿŵظԼү˦ӣĪ˵һСѾߣǷ̫̫ߵǸϣ̫̫Ҳܺ
߶߶ҩƿŻȥ
ֽţͲϲ
һĸͳүš
忤岻ģүߡ
˵Ů˽У˲Ű

ɽɽߵʹ¡
ֳͲòñٵĵطߣҵһõط
ñкӣ죬´硣
һɿСٲǰ³ˮ̶峺ףССϺȥľï
ˮ̶мʯͷ
΢粻ž
Ʋס飬һĵ
Ȼˮ̶Ьһ˫Ҳʯͷϡ
һ̫̫ʲôأ
ˮúܣ棬档Ȳȹˮߣ̶׵СʯͷûģеѽеҪǣûɹ¡
תͷһ˫۾ЦСոȺСҽűιȥû
ЦҪãյãů
ֹͻȻͲˡ
վˮ̶ߣ̫̫ȹ̸Щʪˣӣȥ̫̫
ӦȹӺͿˮ̶ˮһ͵Сȶǡ
ɡ
죬ӽŵ쵽ͷˡ
ͻȻһֻƴˮγβԱȥ
ɮ˳أԲᾪǣһҲˣһƴĻɵͷɵԵײϡ
סͻȻץ㣬ŵȹˮϡ
̫̫ӸϽʪȹ
ְŵյǰȣһʹˣüʯͷǳˮǶΧСӣץϳ㡣
̫̫ʦ㡣
û뵽磬µͰǷ˰ɡ
õ̫̫СЩ𻬵ˡӰӹˮˮո͹űĵطٿӣʯͷΧһȦ׽ͷ
̶ˮ峺̶ССϺúܡ
аʯϵС˿̶ױˢԲСʯͷ
ֵˮ̶ٲϵͤһɫ۵ָ̧һ裺ֳƵɽҰֲ裬һζ
ͤïʢľڣˮ̶棬ܰ濴һ
һ쳣ĸ˹ŽŴˮ߳ߵĴʯͷϣȹϥ¶ʪ͸ˣϡ
Դ˿ܣʪ͸ȹ¶˳СȺͽţԲɰָͷȥ 
XӹеݹĲ裺վˣȥĺúȡ
л֣ûXΨҶƢԣ϶¶ûзġ
Ӧ˵ļҵ˶Ƣԡ
XȥȻҲ
СòУ񣬶ûԼ
XĿˮ̶棬ٰ˳Ŀ⿴ȥȴʲôû
XͻȻΪ顣
ڴˣڣʩħħ
XƵĲյǻħɳˡ
ٰһ۾˫ֺʮӷƶɮΪǳδ͸
ţXվţXȥܿѾЩɫüë
Ȼڶ࣬ϥҲࡣ
ָҲʮꡣ
Ǹ޵ʱ򣬻ѾΪõȻͣĸ׻ĸƾӹڴΪʹλһ֮ң
ǣ˭Ҳû뵽һ磬µɮˣʹչ
Ŵ˸䣬һִͷϣͲӦȥˮô죬ȥϽݸˮ裬ѺݳС
ûأֹԹԵصͷ鿴䣬Ҳ֪˭ڱ˵С㿴ǲֺ̡
һֻͮͮģϺġ
СףӴ˶ֺ죬׼ڱ˵㻵İߡ
ﻹǲģȥ
ͻȻ˸߽Ժӣ̼ߵѾ߶һի̫̫밲̲ūի̫̫ûθڣū澴ЩСʳ
µիԶż򵥣һСа趹һܲһԼһС׷
ϴǵϸˣϸ۵ĲӼǺʹףζ;ͷˮ
ڣõòˡ
Ѿ߻ˣص
ԾڣҲ֪ȥĶˡ
ãôۿСۣ˭ڡ
իһһڵϣкһá
Ҳƴǣһϰˣӵ㶫ǲūȥ
Уȥء
Сֶˣϸ˶лȲؼ׷ԣһ͵ߡ
ϸ治ȥҪӣһЩŹԡ
ҲŲУūȥʴ̡
˵˵ţǰЩΣæҡҡͷЩκȥ
ӾڵأæȥûԼҲˡ
Ժأ˽ϸǰ͵һڡ
*
лҪ˵


13 
ԴƵַۣŶͷ̷Լİĵطɴʣ¯ոİɢ¡
ŶС꿴ˣɤӶ˵λˣȥܹܡ
߰ͭڼϣ˿ҪϴЪ
ڴϣʲôˣʲôط
оԼ֮ϸ΢鴤ϸʪ͸ǰ衣
СվԶĵططˣҼүǾʿסĵضү˽
үҴģ
СĲ֪СֻԺūֻͣͷķԸ¡
װ׾ֺãҲҲĵط
Ǩŭڴϣϴ裬·
õķˣʮֹСϾˮ͸ɾ·
˵ȥ
ֻһˡ
İӣ֮˿
ʲôģ΢Ӧһ¾֪͡Լûʲô¶ûռˡ
ҲǵãԼϸ˾ԴκһҲûУҲУԼߡ
ʱеʶ㱼Լ˵Щ۲ĻյԼϡ
ֺݺݲ˲ձҲࡣ
ղŽСż̧ˮһոµȹϣ費Ҫź
⣬С󣬳˸ĸ⣬ֻѾ߻ܹȻ꣬·
һƬӰڴֽʱʱ֡
·úʵĽͷ˽ˮĵˮɨĴɨ
ӹĻһͷϵˮ
ıʹЩĬͷĴɶ̿˰ͷŵɶϡ
ϸܵˮڣ΢΢ģֵüۡ
Ϻõ˪̿һĩѬͷҲȾζ
ûŹ㣬֮˿˿Ƶůͷ
ӵĳ裬⼸ϼѵˣȫʾǵλүҲơ
ˣô°ˣ
겻֪ͷʲôͷˣ£ʣСĸͷɡ
㻹ͷ
ֻҪӷԸСʲô
ִӦˣҩᣬֺʵͷ£ֽһķ١
ֲŷǲӻƽƽķ٣ƫƫñĶ˼
꣺ʲôģ
˷粻ūǲӵģСֻ֪ģٲ֪
ôĿ
üҿԼ𣿡
꣺¹ܼҸղŸСĽ÷˲ؽǣͷ˻ؼҡ
һؼң
Ի󣺡ҵĲǣ

¡
ӻεڵصͷһ⣺̫̫̫̫
Ѫҵʣ̫̫أ̫̫ôû
֣߬ϸҩҺ̫̫ͱҩˣǰ̫̫°ˡ
ȥү㱣վҪȥҳԾ
һסܸү̫̫Ǳҩ°ߵġ
ӼòˣүôУүǶѣֻҪ¿һҵ̫̫
̫̫ô죿
°̫̫һ°¾ͻᱻ֪ܶڿ𣬻ǡ
ˣûڣҲ׶֮ء
תô졭
ͷʰãȥү
תۣɫƽ٣ŲæȥҳԾ
ճԺһ˺ƺƵ̵Ŵūۿģ̫̫˿Ž֡
Ѿͷûŵģһڴֱϣϵôãǰϳ̫̫
Ѿͷ˵һ̫̫ߵײϣ˵Ǹ̫̫üիˣ̫̫ųء
̫̫¬Ͽ˿ȣҼǵãǶɩר߻ģһһĺá
˶˵øϿһŲŻŪɳ׾
Ͽ¬ϣʵû뵽ƽʱèһ͵ͷ
ͷɵΪ̫̫ģŰӷү̫̫һҪԺ
ϧүû飬ǸսԺ̫̫źӿ˵Ծ£үȾ̫̫̫̫һץˣǽū澸үҪ̫̫ү¶·Ǹ̫̫·


14 
˵ģ
Ծ´۾ӸµŹڵϵϺӡ
᣺¹̫̫ūѣͷ鴥أϸγϣүȾ̫̫ɣЩ׼ֻ̫̫
һƶں˵ʲôأƵˣˣһһС۾˵Ҫ̫̫
Ȼ̫̫°ߣΪβȣɮ˶գֻҪ˵ôô˳ľͰ̫̫ߣ
Ϻ޺޵Ŵ֣̫̫㻹ף㰲ʲôģ
ҧһڴϣѾͷȥϰˣһӻˮ
ԼˣһļѴ˫ַڵϡ
Ҫ£ϸϽס졣
ǰǸϽ֪£ˡ
̫̫Ӳã˿ôˡ
£Ծɫް
Ƭ̺Ըͣһ˴£Ѳ䡣
ǡ
һˣļ٣²ؼֻ
һҹδߣշתൽ
ٰҹԴأڴ㶵ؽˣʲôʱˣ
˯ϣԷҹ˵깪룺طˣîʱˡ
Ҫ𣿡
š۾Ь´ϴ˶ͷ˵һҼȥˡ
һûڣҲ֪Ӻôˡ
ЩҹûԺӸŻȥǿ϶һҹ
Ժ˻úܣǸԼϵǣ
꿴УߵݸɾӲֱߵС˱Σ̫̫ҪЩʳߡ
ҡͷлĺ⣺ã߰ɡ
ˣ̫̫
ӣֽų⣬ͥԺ
ȡۣľ峿ϷİǽԵøˡ
ܴͤŵһһɴȤζ̫ʯѵʮֲ׵ļɽͥԺ˵Ҹ档
ھôլӣðⷬģһ򵥵ĸġ
ɵ뵽˵ģ
Īǣ
Ǹĺ
ϷˣôЩ껹ûӦʳӣϷζʮլӺϲ
˰յĹֲŴռСֵլӳ
߽ѾСʵ߲˻ʳ
Ȼլӳֱ֣ۡ
ܿ죬ֵͷΣӵʵʵ˿½Ƕ©
ǿĽη̧δܼĽֵ鸮ŵ˿һڸͣ»ΪļҸϵݷãһ뿴ӽ֣һȡ
̫̫
ŵܹ̫̫ôˣЩǡ
һ⣬ֵˣҵ·ȣҸϵˣһ
̫ˣϲСϽȥɽ֪ү´ææˮûһھ͵±µæһϣողϡ
˸мԵ֣ԭѾߵĵܵܡ
ѾׯӹºֿССͣʲôŵġ
СҲ֪飬ƽֽʱڵúܣᶫӣϺЩʵС
ڸ˿һߵģûٸմ⡣
ûɸˣ˾ɽܡ
һû˯ãصõͷ˯ˡ
ԺģεϷ£ر˿ţͷθӿϸҩҩЧǿһ᲻ͷЩľ
Ȼŵϣһֱ˱š
̫̫
̫̫
ϤңԶһӱѣͿ׵۾һҹ֮·˼ֵͷ
ڸ
Ķˣץ֣Ҫūˣͺãͺá
ŷﲻֹ˶ڡ
Ծվڴǰ췢ϸϸ˵
ָоԼ͵ս
ųԾҹɢżߵѾ߸իзǴϸˣҺһ˳һϸˣҩεڵء
Ծ޲˵϶ҩϸˡ
־ָ΢΢
۽޲˲ںתǵͷǣˣСಡԵҩȳԵķ࣬ĸ𣬻ʱиҿҩˮҩԡ
Ҷһҩҩ˿ԣұ˴ʱҶЩʶ
ﺹ͵طɡ
ԾҲ·ʲôɶʣ֮ǰʲôطΪʲô˻
ҵûҴߣұһ˾ˣҴسһԸ˽ͻظ
סʲôط
֣һϷ԰ֵլӡ
ڴϣûʲô˵ӡ
ԾЩߵʱ˶ߣǱ߶Ϣ
һӿտ亹ץϿ¿Ƕ
һ̲ס§ڻҪʲô£ūô
ֽʮˣѹһ뻹ۣ̳࣬ԣ£֡
ĸ˵ԭǵһСĶŮ˲磬ɷıҲ͸ոճĺӸϳţӸȾ纮ˡ
ĸ׿£ǡĸûˮĸ
飬ӣչ˵úܺãָޡ
һ˭Ҳ벻˭
ֻ󱳣û£Ƥ˶ûУ㰡͵ȥ߶ЪϢһϣʲôҪ롣
̫̫Ժһ뿪
Ҳصؿޡ
εҪԼȥʲôի̫̫Ҳᱻ°ߡ
һһٿǿҪ
ָϽתעҩϸأ
ˣ˵Ҫ˱һʲôҩҩǶѰҰ˵䡣
ڸѯʳʲô
ûС
ˣϸǼߵѾģмû˶ҩǻʲôʱҩ
Ҳ־ɻĵط
⣬ԴµֶΣûʲôҩǴʲôطġ
ӵȥмЩ
ǡ
ڴߵԲϣ̫̫ǻɣǸµҩ˻ͬߵİˣ
ֵͷ
ϸ˴ƵڣҲĹ򣬹ʱھûǷݴˬζɬ
ҩˣӦؾ֪Ҫȥ£׼
ЩˣիͳһƣҩҪիﶯֻ֣ܵիסԺ󣬲Ȼȷķիǵġ
һ뵽ȻǸҪ֣޵ҹߵѾߴֵ¶˵˳̫̫ⴺ֡
в֪ȼ˵
ÿ죬ʮֶصظվڴǰ
ֽӰŵӹ˵
һ㲣ϱԲס̫̫ϸˣҲẦ̫̫ܾ
ָ˸ӣϸǴĶģ
ҷһӣղףʱЩʳҷϸҳŲͽ͸̫̫֪
־˲¡
Ķ
Ǳߣҽȥ
ϻ䣬ߵѾͻȻܽС˵
ֿɫԲԣʵôˣ
ϣ̫̫Ǹӣˡ
ʲô
ִӺͼϣߵ˷ΧһֵѾСǿæɢ¶ڴ˫ۣ״ֲĺӺһСſںʬϿ޵СѾߡ
ֿһֻۣͷף۾ȫѪ˿Ͱɫĭ
ǳҩġ
ʼϣ߻ʲôˡ
üӺͶϱǸļӣǰ͵͵߷ӡǮٸ죬ȫֻʣһŮ
ҲſʬϿ޵СѾߡ
ӡǮҲǸһϢˣҵϡ
ٸӡǮܵϣסҪǮҪģ͵͵ڰ
ǰЩ־ӡǮⱣȥĴ˼ҲõηزЩˡ
ӵĶϱ֪˶ӡǮ˽ȥ
˳˷Ҫ׶ˡ
ˣ֮ٲۡ
ֲ״춼ҵߣһи
Ҳ֪ô£ӵֹ֪˹ϵ
û˵ǺǱǸ̫̫ҩģոǿѰκβã¶ץס
㵨󣬲˶ְ
ʲôֻԵԼ¶֡ 
ʲô¶滹ʲôܣ
̫̫Ǹ˴һϡ
ʱ䣬ֱ˰ܣҺͰһһҹԼ̫̫ѾߴֵĻõǡ
ֻ̫̫ȥӦ꣬Сǳȥ֣ᱻ
Ͼǿķˣʮ䣬Ϣ벻𾪶ѡ
̫̫СǶˣıŶҪݺ𷣡
ķΧԽԽ
˽ҡΡ
ڿϣŤͷԾ
ȻԾһϣС϶ľˡ
ûֶ֣ӷӦæǰ
˵һߣǺ⡣
Ҷ̫ݣ㲻֪жûܡ
ϳȥ
Ծһ£֣ץϡ
ָҪǣԾȴѾס֣ѹڿϡ
ֲŮӣѲ˥ܹסģʶ㣬Ծͷŭֱֱյͷ
£ס֡
Ծ
Щ
ſң
Ծҵ˵Ļ𣿣
ǳ¸⿴ֹĵˣֿˣɫ
һ
ִðᵽСãӣ˶û

ԽԽ䣬ﶼ̿
ϵһͰˮϴ·
Ȼ߶·ϴ
һѶЪŰɣò׺һЩ²
־·ţͷˣһɡ
ʹˣĹϴ·ʵǿԼһæҸ
ִСûˮһСݵ÷졣
ϸ˵ӰµǶЩ̿ˮϴ·þͻá
˵ţӻˣȹȫˮʲôûС
ֺվôˣ
̫̫Ǳ˵ûүǲҸ
Ǳ¥Ѹأļױ˶Ȩʳ
Ҳ˵ݴڹУҲҪү
û˵ǣȥЩƽ㳤̵ѾС˶ǰĿŵ̫̫Ͱ˵£ﰵû
еĹ¸Ǳ۾̧ϣֻûѹȥ˵ڡ


15 
˼֣Ӷ˵Ҳû취˵
үǳ¸ˣ׿̫̫ŲСãԼ˭ҲΥ˼
̫̫ûа˶û˻̫̫ͷȥҲֻ뵽ʱ䳤һ㣬үˣ̫̫ӳȥ
ٽʮ£䡣
紵Ժ˱
ְˮͰ˴ͰˮԼ·Žȥ
ûɻСȥˮ֡
ӣûϢǵȥѣȾ˷纮ɲá
ҡͷ̫̫ū澵𣿡
ū澵ź򣬹ʲôû˱ū澸ū澵˿óԵĺĺõĶǣū澿Щū澵Ķʹˡ
㿴ԺҪأָһҲСЦЦԺ󲻾ʲôū澣㣬Ȱ׹ˡ
˵꣬·
ӻ˵ס
ҡҡͷȥ··СԱǼ᷿ɨɨ
ӰһߣȰȰ̫̫ɣýȰ
ϻͷ˿֣˻žһ̫̫æЩæžͲˡ

Ӳ˵ˡ
ֱӰûתݻ·ȥʰ᷿
СڸߵĽ䣬ߵѻķϵĳұխļе
Ҳһڷŷķã᷿ұǼĳûһǡ
ֿڱòţ̨ϺĻңխխ˵㣬ʰá
Ѿ᷿ʰõü־ϸɾûͨĿ˯϶úܣȼ̿С
Ǿֻܶȼ̿ˣָӵɫŵˣȥҿŵӣҡ
ŵģʱʱү̫̫ȵĻЩ㡣
ӵͷǣҲҲ㻹£ƽûٸô
û⻰磬ӣѱľأӲҲܰôġ
ԣҲûϣǶ
˼䡣
ɨ̨ϺĻҳɨٰ̨֩
ӺҲŶ֣ͻȻһС
ŵֺϸϽȥˣߣôһֻ󣡡
û˵أһֻаôĺ˳ǽ嵽˽űߡ
ŵᶼתӲýȥȣ߽ߡ
̲סЦץɨȥŹغãҰˡ
ֻ۾ɵ㶵ġ
̫̫
ѾŹˣ̫̫ǴһѺء
ǱѾںǣվǶ𶯣ǱŪ졣
ɨ㣬ǶͣϴĺӱĴҴֳȥ
ӼֱԼվһӣºӣµҪ
̫̫¶ֱ˺¡
ֵͷΪܶеɢңŵͷܶɰԾ
͵ɨ㰴סǽǣһŲסͷһץסӺ󾱣ĺ֨֨ҽУɾܲȥ
öûץˡ
֪Ӻ£źӾͳȥˣץķӣø˨ʯͷϡ
ĥŹ̫̫⡭ô죿
ڸ
ôڴ
ڳӦ̫̫»ģġ
һ¾ͺˡ
ԼŮӿԼñӺ¸Щ
¸ҵıƣŵô˼Сö࿴
Ҳ࿴ū澴˳ڸˡ
ֵеߵɨɨ
ʮˣ˶ܵүүĸͣС̬
ǣһ㶼ᡣ
һĸо
죬г
ʮ²֪СŮС֪꣬ӵζ
洿ӣҲǹyu

ɫСûֻһյ͵ƣƺͻֻһС롣
ڵϣЩˣ˼ӼһЩ
ǵ˻Σݡ
Ӵӽӹزиվá
ֱɺã
̫̫ǹңׯ£ԭԺУϴȥʱѾ߸£Сܵ˾ˡ
Ҳ˵ˣá
ҼǵãǸԲԲѣĺӿ϶ɰ
һȥǸĺһ⡣
һֻӣϸӡ
̫̫ʹá˷ 
ûʲôõã˾Ե֣ӲֵʲôǮ
ִˣֻ¡
õĶвõģϸϸĽ˿šɵӣǶʳССʽԢ帣š
Щصĺᣬýѹһѹÿ쳤úá
˵ҵæ
ŽϥǶһԴ̫̫˵ĻĪ˵£ҪҵҲûʲô
͵ưúܣԱߵԡŵƹ⣬ɰ׵Ƥ·һᱡůɫ񡭡
ʲô
û飬벻
첱ӴֵӶЩЦҪ
СãԵõĶȱֻҪЩ͹С
ֱߵĶȥ̵ˣá
ó׼õĶøӡ
һĶΣͷҡ˹ģСĲҪСȥǮһ̫̫ò¡
ֿĽǸֶֶŮģġ
㶵ģֻܵͷ
ϸ˵ҪЩﶼ֪СãԾһõ֪Щ£ǻ
ӱʾԼףһġ
Ӿڸ£ᳵ·ס˷
һݵ˶˯ú죬ڱһֱҪЩô֪͵Сá
ֻӺͶΣĵطȺġ
Ȼ˯ԱߵشСεˣˡ
ַģͷҲûתſھ͵ȥȥé޻ģˡ
˸һߣ˼˼¸˯
ڶһ磬컹ûӾ̣ܵǶԶΣһٶʮ
ƹɫۣҲõⶫ
ʢٹ˲٣ȥܹ˸٣ʲôﶼС
ҽ˵̣ǿˣֻ϶ˡ
ӣôȡ
ӵʮƱŶʮһʮģҪ
ϣɻݹˣƱúãǶʮ
ӴƱúӣһͷĵ


16 
ֱСá
Ǳ߹̫ϵľͱֵͷ͡
üͷź֣ôˣһļġ
ֶ֪ô˵һµſү˹
ĳ
СڱŤţǸŮңЩƢǿɲƢƢ
ֶ֪忤ôĵӣϴξ͸忤ҶˤһƬӱĵ忤ֱߣһӣ۵̫ЩŭҪǹ˼ŸڳеԣεӸֱֵˡ
̫һǸϣ˵ء
ڵֻûƷУĠdʱȢ˸¡
ͷ̫ŹŮһȥͱǰСڵӾ
ֻĠdʱмָӡ¶һضϷ̫ͣˣӿ˼֣ĠdʱôŪģ𣿣ˣ
ĠdʱŸǱ߷˸ۣūŵ£Ҫ֣Ҳ
㵱ô˵û棡
ϣ̫˫ۿʲô
¾Լ·ʲô͵ĶϣЩ쬣ġ
ǾͰֿ̽ӣϵ죬Ժȥˡ
ǡ²
̫أ㻹Ҫ̻㣬Ϊһ㲻ôΪʼҿ֦ɢҶĳˣϴΰҾ͸߹㣬ҪĸƢԼɸҵḶ́ôô
ѰҵĻȥ𣿡
ǽС㣬ܶȨգСֻȳ˵ķݣûܹһίֱ޸Ġdʱ
Ĳ鲻ԸĿĠdʱ˱ ȻȢΪʲôֲҷŮˡ
һӺͿˣϴһ
̫һǰ֪Ҫ˵ʲôôүûһӣֻһĵǼ޸Ѱ˼ңҲûô¶
˵ãһ˵ֱӡ
źֽӵ̫ɫæȥıү֮ӣǶԸмϲ˭Ҳܰͷס
ǺЩүȻҲˡ
ദֻ˸գûâѽ
ϴθ̫ûôκϵ¶һ飬Ǿ¡
һְοסָͷ˵ԼĠdʱǶܵ䡣
̫ҲĠdʱȥšӸ棺˵˵һˣܱӵһϢĶȥˡ
ҲŮ˼ƽϡ ϵ˿ڱӲĠdʱ˻
̫֣̫£Щ˼ص˵ҲҿǷӳ׵ڡûиԲ
ߵ˶̫ѡģ¶Ȼ֪
Ġdʱϸ󣬸ǸΨһŮ֪Ȣζʲô𣿡
Ġdʱʹ۾ûϲ
ϲ˭
ķˣ֡
Ġdʱɫ䣺ô
ʲôҲ֪ģҴСģſ֣Ҿ֪Ҫ죬Ҿ֪Ҫ̡
Ƕִģû˱ȰҸ㡣
ͺСʱĠdʱ׽Բһģĸܵһʱҵ
ĠdʱҲ⣬ҡ̫䣬ĸ󣬼Ȼ㶼֪ϲһᷴԶһ𣿡
̫΢΢ţôϲ
ϲϲĵһ棬ĸһ˵֣ĠdʱĻϲҲزסҵĸ̫˵ڹһοֵ龰Լǰ˱ȣôߣļ򡣡
һ˶һ˵⣬ǲزסģ
̫֪ԼĶĶǸġ
֮ǰ˳۵˲ÿɶ
ɫĵԾֿеĳӣǳԾҷˣɲ
ҪҪ仰ѾĠdʱ飬
е̫󣺡Ƕô죿ⱲӲҪκˡ
Ҫûп̫ϥϵѾš
ڵӣ̫һ๼ˣҲ̫֮λЦˡ
ļҳ֡
棬Ġdʱ
Ġdʱ͸µĶСٹ˶֪ԩˣεĶϴС٣Ҳ֪̫ôοģ뿪ʱ忤Ц棬˽Ʊ
Ġdʱأ͵رС̫һһԴϣ⹷ūţǰҲ죡
ʲô£
̫Ǹ˵ү䣬
ʱ磬Զĸµľ룺ȥظ䣬ò硣
ŶĶأʱԼ飬üԱź˵ȥˣ
ָϽȰ˵ɰ˴˶ӣе˶ء
֣㿴ˣûнҷһҲ˵ĵ춹ģ
ǽĹŮС˶ﰢû˸Ҹ˦ӣҪּ̫ܲҲ޸忤ʱ
һ뵽ԼⱲӾҪ忤ûлӽǸˣɬüšﷺ⡣
ֿһΧź˺ο ү̫ϳ谮ԸǼˣȸãүȻĴ󡣡
϶ڣֻǱӵԹŭȴΪںʱ
ЩصͷֵɣԺٲҿ
ǡ
ĠdʱXͬĸܣҲԽȥһһĿֵûʱʹˡ
ָXʢһ붬ЦŸлҳСĥĥϾͺˡ
XҲ𻰣
üãһļ˵͵ĳĿ߱ǵӣθߴƤ𪡣
ŵĹӵܲͬX죬ʱһֱ˲ٴСС̣Աھϰߡ
׶꣬߿ο£Ŷô
ϲˣϲú޲ҹҹԼ
ִÿõXﲢûЩŮˣ˵˻ûйϵ
İڼµĻϲֻ
Ϊ壬ҲңԼǻʺýȢXĻʺ
Ժ죬Xһ
һʳûһ
ʮ壬ҪڻʺǻʺȨҲΪйӵĵ
ʹ¶йϲʳźϴȻϨе

֪ԼѾ̫Ƕ˺ţһõΣպķ۳ԡ
ոճ¯ڵģѩζˮ
ҧһڣװ۵ŵ̨ϣպһպˡ
͸ʱĳȣڵĳνǹˣϰһڴε
̨ԱߵļϷŵζƷͣӵĲ𣬳Ⱥġ
պ˷ۣһڡ
ǣǲǺܺóԣӺǵĺóԶˡ
̫̫Ӻǵĺģ󡣡ⰮϲƯӣϻ֪
ǰ͵ǰĸ㶼ǳ׼ģôóôôÿô
ҪʲôûʲôżȻͶӶǿΣˡ
Ӻһ
ԭҪӺǵģŲӣҪպۣ˵˵ȥǾüӺǵĲÿ
Σ°ͣƯƯĶãÿֺóԡ
ӣֻè𣿡
ӵû
Ŷְһηŵţè˸
ֻèճֵģʱɨ֨֨ˣһŷԭ֪һֻèҧͲɿڡ
ֻǵһοôƯèֻźβͼǺɫȫûһɫëͨѩס
ֻ۾һһԧۣ˵۾Բģϲý
˺ôŰֻè΢ôһ㣬ڣܳĶˡ
أһè
ϤİӰԾ̨ϣצӡ
Ҳ֪èôôֺһԲһǶ£ú౧
۾һװεƵ̨һߣ䣬ԡ

èڴ̨ǻ·ڽָȥ
һֱּװջ
ջ󲻴󣬴ԱߵļϷɣ
ɵջǾ޴ģèڴ̨߹߹ȥһȣɾǲ
ȶסˣŵ̨ϣԵð󣺡СûĵģһС

èԴεĶද˶
ֻô죬ֻٸ˼Сɣ˳˵ˮ


17 
èԵðֺȫȥż̧ͷУԵģ˼Сɡ
ҪãϽͣôèٳԾͳƶƤˡ
Ű֡
ҨưˮԺԺѾ֧ŸʣϷһľ壬˲ɾİײǰõһŷŵײϡ
ţ͸ˣԺ˷Ż￾һը㡣
մó̵ֺͮͮģץһҪ硣
һ뵽Ǵ϶Цеġ
־Ŷ䣬رгɾ͸УԵӺӣ̿ҲҪٶЩ궬궼Ҫ䡣
Ҳˡӵ
ֵ·ĶѸֻѸ˽ҪԼԶ֡
ֵͷЩ໨Ͳɫһͳɣʲôడְġ
ٸ̫̫멡
ֲˣʲô멡
̫̫в멵ġӾ̫̫һӣȥʱ򴩵ú׿ɲС
ȴڰ֣ճ£һˡ
ʮദ˵ûԾĺôһǰ㣬ûܵġ
ֵַ壬ԳԾǵ΢ĩУǸм飬鰡Ǿܵġ
ǵмҲ㲻ʣ
Ϻֵ仰
һƾɵСãϼ粽ȥص֣̫̫ܿˣϱТڲŻ
һѱһᣬеò֪˻Ϊ
Ȼֵݺܲϰߵذִ˿
˵һμȣôòֻ˷˷٣һҺȼȹƵ˱Ȼ
Щ˼ͷϴİݸӣ檡ռ̫̫
¸ĵİ壬ʱҲԽ̵ѡŮص壬˭֪ƽһ̧
ﲻû˵ģ˵ֱŷӷŮˡ
ģĶúЩ£ʱ˯
ûʲôûģֻҪԼֵڣС
ɣպˮݲ衣
߸ϺںͷǰŽݡ
С£ݣһڷŷһֺ᷿ﻹӾͶ˯᷿
Ϻһȥ־סŶ̧
ȱһţм仹һԣվżǶˣɣˮǡ
ˣִֵüëš黨ȥҵôֵ̫̫ܰطǽ֦ҶĹأ⡭ⶼЩʲôã
ֱֵβˣôӣٴɢˡ
˲佩Ӳȥƨµĵӣ棬ǶǼ޲ĺۼĶ֨ѽĲҽ
ҵ̫̫
϶Ҷˡ
񣬵ôˡ
ѹû뵽ôչץ߼
Ҳû붺Ա߻мŵӣƫƫõһţֿ죬ֹܡ
һָϽһš
µӣ˿ȻԼֵ֡
Ƥףˣʮָ޳͸һеְ֣̫һ
ϵ
δ
ž
ֵ֣г緶ָֻ¶һָ⡣
ϿֵЦúʵʵذַŵ档
Ȼֽ⿪Լʱû뵽˵е٣̫̫ţϱЩʲôҲ˵
˵߰Ѷóи㣬׵Ķ£Щƿƿ޹ޡ
ֿƿƿ޹Ѱõϵҩ裬η纮ͷ۵ġ
ƿƿ޹ϵС֣Ⱥˡ
仰ϾԼƮƮģֵʲôֻҪ̫̫Щϱͱȳ˷ۻ𡣡
ʵһ־͸ʵֶھͳ𵽡
ǣϲĻ
ŵЩ۽üҴЩԾ׽빬ĳͥ
֪빬µĳͥûʲôϢǷ˹˵ĳеϢ˵λɾĲüɣͷޣѹ游̫һͷ
һ˵ŮϾ¶ࣺûɣζý
ɽ˹
̫̫ҶҶˡ
۽еˮ⣺ϱⱲûϢ͵ѾͷƬӣȻȴǶϱģ׺ҲԽȥ
ڣһӶͥˡ
һ԰οҷſģȻ˵㣬ʺ˿ݣ˲׵СͥСӣضܰȵġ
Ͼ͸ץסһϣԸ˵ҲҫˣֻҪƽƽ˳˳ͳˡ
˵ҲԼĶó˫ЬɫЬѣЬϸϸһëů
ʶģЬ̲ס̾ɵĻƣѵʱ϶٣۾ˣ
Ц󣺡̫̫ôֱ˻ģҪ˶೤ʱ䡣Ҫٸ˫
ҡͷɲҪ
۾ٰٰЩһ֪ˡ
ˮˣžͿϵĶ˫Ьӡ̣Ьã
ͬⷽĺ֣ܿŵԼҲ˵ñƯ
ݲߵū˳ѷˣ緹ɡ
̫̫Ǳүģ˶͵͵ôܹԷ
⻰˵֡
Ǵˣ֪ʲôԼģվֵ
һߣķΧЩϴżɫ̫̫ǸŵѾͷ֣ǰҹˡ
ϵڻ£Ѿͷõʱ䳤һ˵ûš
üǰʲô㻹֪𣿡
Ѿͷͽеúܣ˭ļ䣬ʹһݵѾ߻нõļˣ˵ûʲô쳣
ҺȥסӺúһ飬
óһöСɵ񻨣ָ⿴˿Ӧϵı߽ϣ񣬿ɲһѾõġ
ˮͷãͷõģҲͼǡ
׼ҲɱˣΪ˶סĲ֪Ūеͷ
Ҳأò֪ôźã̫̫һסҲ̫ΣˣҪ͸ү
*
лҪ˵
һƪĻһղؾͿˣСɰϲĻæղأިޣ
ңŮbyС
Ǯߴ׳ƤںVS崿ϵƷĲòܡ
ʮ֮ǰϧԵúôúãСʮ㡣
ʮ֮󣬼﹫˾ծۣ˫˫֢໤ңķɶ꣬ԽݵԽÿһ׬Ǯ׬Ǯ׬Ǯ
Ϊ׬Ǯֱƽ̨
ϧ


18 
Ա߲Ӧ˵С徲ȴ̫ƫԶһиʲô¶û˴֡
̫̫֪йȥĿʲôûҪ
ɽڣûա
ϵͷе֣ǰ̫̫סﲻǳ֮ơ
˸ղǸ¾ֵǻãܰҩ͵ֻҩ˵ҪĲҵֽɱӺʹпܻǣˣ¶˺ܺûг׷
ԣʱǰȫġ
οȻ֪իҩѱʼʩһĶֵܱ֤һͶԼ֡
˵ͷͷǵ϶е㱻˵
ӻе㵣ģȰȰ
ˮԼ˱裺ɫˣϸϽȥɣЩͺˡ
ϿߣȻĻѾȾ˻Һڡ
۾ã͵ģɲҹشŵȥ
ָ𣺡ǶϱȸˣĶţȱʲôȥңҸ
ȥɣ¶°ɣЩǮˣڹײˡ
ϱá
˵⼸仰Ĺ쿴ְ˼֣ϰӣ粽߳Сá
ϰϺȵĲˮֵҲͶеТģ̫̫ƣϳ̫̫еӣűӿˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôء
ɻ󣺡ū澿ҲѽܺͶ̫̫һ̫̫һ˫ôõЬ
ЦЦСѾͷ٣Ҳ٣֪ģʲôʲôǿԲһġ
ϸ룬ս¸ʲôݣһӹĹŮɩɩҪ޸нľͷͷӡûãͳ˴үһĴ̫̫һүǶ·˾
˵үɺôҲӣԺҵģȼ޸񵽲ӵͷӺܡ
Ҫ룬ʵеĪ
ôӣСñ֮Ψֲֻж̫̫
ƫƫˡ
ӻǾﲻǴˣҿô໨ۡ
ĳԺ֪Ҳ˵ˣѲ豭źú֣̫̫ʲô
豭ڣмܲܲɣг˿ˮһ£ˮٴһŹ壬һ㡣
Էˣ
еܲͨһͨ
ãū澾ȥˣ㿴̫̫
ϴӰ͵ƷŵһЩĵطһ㡣
ûһ϶һܲ˿ˣһСõˡ
תһ보˺׷к˳Է
ʰ̴꣬
᷿һŴո˯ˣһʼ˵һ˯ʱϺôͬ⣬ϰбߡ
˵Լһ˯䣬˼һȡůǲŵͷ
绹УһˡȥϴӴֿŽ©ķ紵õֱΡ
Ͻţ̫̫ҰѴһްɣ÷ʵڲãľá
СҲⴰӲ޲Уڻܶȥ϶һء
Լ·ɵм䣬ɵ棬ɵ档
˻ǲ̫ϰߣһĿռ䡣
죺һһм䰤űӣֱ࣬䡣
һ㡣
Ȱڵؿ£ůˡ
ͷСصҺҲӣȻһŴô֡
ִԼˣȻҲԼŮӡ
мĹ壬ı߶ԡ
СʱֹԹҲΪ⸱Ҫ޸Ծ̹ǣôȥͿˡ
˾Ͳ£ŮҲν֮һݹǣڵصγӿʳʲôνˡ
ֻҪĳ⣬Ǿˡ
˵ģҲˣ̫̫ӣǧŮӶŸůֲūˡ
ֵ£ҲŲҪǧֻҪһ
ߴߴ˵һһܿ˯ˡ
˯ҹֱˣæӣʣôˣ
̫̫ˣ
ѱӸǺãɱ
ŷЩķƬƬѩƵĴ϶ӵȺܿ챻ߣʹ£ѩôô硣
ǲù̿Ҫ㡣
Ӻϱߺ˵ȼ̿ȼúһۣܱ֤̿̿ȼòô죬ֲϨûôˡ

ѩһҹδͣ
ϵСºֵǸ֪֣ҹ˯òȡ
߶ѵϺѩɷʵʱĸ첲аˣôѩȥ̫̫ǶҪʲôûʲôʲôƵ϶ùȥүǰ˵˵޷Ҳɰ
ʵ˯㣬ϴͷصҪȥȥ֪үͷһңһ֪ô˵ˡ
˵ˣ̫̫ү֮¶ϹʲôԼ鷳ˡ
˵ţͷϣһ˵
һ߹ȥϱӳʵһ飬۾⻢Ҫү
ϲŲݺšһѣ̫̫ôôǵĿɲˣɩ̫̫ƫһģװһ㣬㻹ôһ죿
ǣûϢ£ȥү
ʵģֺϻûɫ
ʵʵ𴲴´ЬĩͻȻϱСһȦһڣү֪ôأȻ¡
סƵĶӣǷ˵ĻҾ
˯ҳʳȥ
δ䣬͸Բһҡ
ڴֹϲ
ﻹõģȥʱǻš
ܲʵΪ˶ӣ̧ͣ˽ŵԭԳʵɣϲġ
Ҳ֪ʵʱʵûϾһ㣬СģҪǳ¼ǻʵڹȥʵס
֪ԭţ֪̫ү̽˹ʹʵҪҪˣȢһŮˡ
ʵûͷ˵
ʵʵԹԼһӣЩ̧ŵŮˣѡ񲻿ܡ
ϲʶֻ֣֪Щ飬뿪һ㣬Ҳ͹ȥˡ
ô˻֪ߣ
磡
ȥ̫ү·ϣʵȻһ磬ϡ
С˷ؾŴɡӻͳӣү
ʵӣү֧ɻأ治źѽ


19 
С`үԸʹء
ʵƲһۣСӣ᲻˵̵Ļܽʹǽиү棡
С˵ͷЦǣС챿
ʵѷ׳ȥү·ôүŶ¡
ˤȥȱʹö࣬һ߾벻ˡ
СҲˤһֱ첲һ־ɡԾסԺӵʱһϸϸĺ
ȻˣʵԳԾĺǿڹģѽǿضȳˮˣûȥ
ڳʵԳԾӡģֵܺﵽǣԾһٷϿǵ
Ǹûν˾ñطϲãҲûѪ֮ϵĸ֮飬ҪռŶӵݣԾ¶Ŀϡ
ʱ𣬳ʵˣǸûԵģ̫̫˭ﶼǿп޵ġ
̫̫С֮󣬳ʵֿ͸Լˡ
Ҫϲһˣ᲻˳һޣһ
Ժſתתʵ˿߽ͦͦȥһȥͿƽҲڣվ⡣
˵㰲οƣ˺һҲء
磬Ҳҵء
ƽƻĳʵеĪӦ밲ҵʲô
ƽ֪ܣƽԵ޲ŵߣʵڱܲҲƵڽ̫߳ˣ
ʵӣҡҲ밲أ磬롣
ƽûóĶܷҲ˼Ŀģͷ̧Ƚݣ˵ͷҪϹָܼ߱£˳ȥ
үүʲô¸֪ү
ƽҲûҪ£ֻòף밲
ʵҲŵҲǣ밲
ϹܼҵǶүүòɣ࣬үæ꣬òײҵʱϢ밲ֻܸˡ
һԾ࣬˯£ƽ׼ظˡ
ôһˣ˾ֳֻԾ棬ƽںԺ˸ĿĿһ¶ʲô
ܸʲô
ѵ˵ǰ﷿ǰȥֺһƣƣϹ㵽ҹ
ⲻϵ
ʵ߲˰˵»û죬ȥ϶ҪǸ߶
ڳƽϹܼԼû󣬳ʵûߣССظϹܼҵүʲôʱѣЩ˵˵
ϹܼҿųʵүʲôҪ£
һͿôѩɵ뵽̫̫
ǲ֪̫̫ү֮ʲô϶̫̫ܹҵĳסСǱߣǲô㡣
үʲô³𣿻ǰ̫̫ӳǽСã
ϹܼһʵΪֶֶ˶ɫصүȥ̫̫ˣ
ʵ֣ûȥ̫̫ȥСõүΥ˼ҵֻǽͻȻ˳ʡ
ϹܼҵүȻȥүСүתүĻ캮ضģүҲ֪ʲôʱѣ˶үӿɲá
ʵ㶡
ãԸү˵һ㣬Ϲܼ˵Ҳ޵
ߣȫ˭֪ϹܼҶүĹΪүȥֻͣҪΪүõ¶ûġ
ʵ룬ͷˣ鷳ټҸү˵һҸү밲
˵꣬ʵ뿪ˣıӰʧԺŴϹܼƽ͵˲һС˹СǱߣʲôȥ
ǡ
ʵעһ죬ҲԾʲôֹе
ٿѹûͣƵѩĥŸǱ͵Ķ
ŴССõʱץʯͷľ壬ŪĿɿڴ
ֿǣʯͷһڶýȥôˣ
ѩصģӺͶ䶳úģϴ͵ļа͵Ьӣ޳УһȺѾźĹ⾰
תͷϺͳʵʱ򣬾ոճɾĲµС꣬۾΢΢ɴԺѩ׾֡
϶֪Լǰ̫̫ʲôλۣɣֻ꣬ģǴ󲻾ֻǿִĻҪԼôӣһٳʵƨϣȥ̫̫֣
ʵϽȥ֣´أͼľѾˣôˣ
Ͳֲ࣬ϲ˴򽻵ӣʵٵǰƣ밲ʱҲû˶
Щ޴صϵ̫̫ùҸЩ
Ҳ״
߹ȥТ̫̫Ķû˸˵ҵĲǡ
˵ˣһǹСأκβҡ
ֶҲܸмкǽݣһȥóʵǸϵһ͵İڵϣó
ǽޱʮ޻ֺʵů͡
ǻûüĲǸ£ǰסСס桢轡
óʵһˣ̿һѩͲůˣԸ
һѶһǣٰζ
ԣľӣһǵС⣬ʱţѾ˴Ӷûʲôá
Ҳǣ쵽
üë΢壬һֱûͣϣԱʲôҲ˵ĳʵȱˮ
˵͸ɣҵԼŵ¡
ʵȴûˣûôĵӸݵĴ񣬵˯ĵطȻһƨȥ
ȥѼŵӲһСȥӷ֨ѽŵƨɶȫȥ
ֵЩϲ޹
Ļʵ˿Աߵϵȿˮܳ⣬֪ܳʲô
Ҫƿƣָӵմ˵һ֣һЩ֢ͳˣ鷳
ϵɳʵһۣ˵Ҳҵ죬û֡
㱾ͱ֡ʵСϲĿ졣
ֿ챻ЦֻԼһЩУÿȦϷʳ嵭㣬¾Чˡ
ǣˡ
Űɣ϶ֻ˵ãǰһϾ׼ӣµóʵ첱Ӵ֡
ֿҲǣһԺӻأԼԼҪϧ
ٺ١ʵЦ
û뵽Լ˽ȥڨڨص̫̫ҾͲ˰ɡ
Ļ»ûǵĲΪģ˭Ϊģ
ˣǳҲӲЩ뵡ҲҪȵ
ֵⷬȷʵϺͳʵĵģͥ˹ֻһ㣬ȴ߲ɵͲ͵ġ
Ȼ鸮С㣬ɳʵǴӣֻ֮ŮаҲޣȢ»Ķô
Ƿֵ濴򡣡
ֻҪԼϲ޹ȥܹúþУԵľܣ㿴˼Ҷ壬˼ҲҪǿȥһͷʲô˼
ȻҲҲģӳԼĳ㣬Ƕ


20 
»Сͱȳͥסϲֹһǻ϶ܱͥǸֻɵֺǵͥá
ô׽ŪˣҪƫԸ
޶û³Է˻ˡ
ִӣС¡
Ӿôţ붬ĵһѩС²ͣôߣÿ¶ǰѷϵѩŪԺѩƵǽǱߡ
ѩͣ󣬾ܰ˶䶼ĸ죬˱ҪĳԷʱ䣬ȫڴϣǰȼ̿裬źޱ
ֽŻ˶ϸ׵ָͷ׵ֺڱԽԽأ쵽ͷģӣһӾͻۡ
ȥһİ⣬͸Ķ
ȥӣʳֳԺ󣬶Ŵ߻޻ֵ״ʣµӣϸܵȥ
ִչȥСʱҵ˫ͦ񡣡
ЦţʱССģԲཱུĸԪһڲһඣϸϸġ
ҵСʱһ˵أϡ˵˵ţʹֳһ£졣
жۣǹƤⶼõζ̫ĥˡ
ҲܣԺ￴ȥɣȥӵӻˡ
ϲЬ첽ӭȥһŽӣͷ˲ôˣ߶׷
ôɫӰһϣ̫̫߶˶ҡ
ɫһˣ
ӺݺݵͷˣŶչתǣͿһСſ￴
ǿĸԺ𣿡
ûУ￴һ۾ͷˣūվ˺ܾҲû
ӻЩԵģԼȥǸҵ˿Ӳźվ˺ܳʱ䡣
Щµ֣̫̫ʲô᲻ǲע¶֡
ʲôץʱ֪Ҳ֪˭ģϺӵǺһʲôʲôһڣ׽
Ϻӿͷ
ķԸϾԼ밵жԼˣŰ⵽ƤźãٰѰгɱĴָĿ״ϴջȫ⵹
ãһӴ̵Ĺ׾Ϳʼðͣûһ˻ƳγεζܣֹԲ
ǰ濾ֻС˰ӵλ˻Ρ
ִûԹⶫһ鿴˿㣬ǰôû
ϰﻹȼŵĲ𳷵˼棬䡣
˼Ҷϧĳⶫֱɣֻũ˻ţÿγ˵ʱżţζ
ũ˰͸ɲһըһûϵͶζЩࡣ
ΪĿڸУƽƵľˡ
ꡱ飬ʳζſ
򻶸СһһһţѰϽｫʣµúôš
ӣвӦģװ̳װ߸˵ĳʳ
ôҲˣϼȫҨװãٰѹ׵һ͵ĥõ򻨷ۣƤۣͽͷŵ̨ϵ̡
ζ͸ӣȻŲÿζЧ
ֺܿˣΪõĿһЩ˺һ͸ӵϽϻϺӲϲ
ͷ̣˻Ȼûʲô£ɫ
ղԷЪϢʱڴϡ
ʵϣ˶ߣҺװִ͵͵СǱ߶סȥ·ʱһ𣬰ס
СúԺΨһӵĵطֻ˲ͨխСһסҲѷɡ
䣬ͷϵȼ͵ƣ͵ǿšŭ򿪷ߣֲĵվż⣬̫̫ԵĴõū澶֣񲻹̫̫Ҫ䣬Żū澵ū澹ȵҲϣ
ӵźĪ˵ӦŻ㼴ȥҲõ⡣
ƺߣﴫˤڵϵǰһϸźһƽѰ֦֪ôסҾ͸ðȫˣ
̫̫Ҫūźô꣬йи
ŵĺԺֻС
ϹܼҵСƤˮůֺ֣ϵĳ˳ǽ
ʲô͡
˵̫̫ߵҳϲСø²ԭα¶ģһߵضƭ˵ġ
С˻ƤˮŶӣһת׼ߡ
ýŵ²֪ʲôһͷˤϣ׼õϣ̫̫ץסˣ
С˻ɢԼмˣ
ƴƱϵӣǰԺ塣
ʱ˳˳С֪ʲôʱһЩӰ˵ĶڵϹģûֱ߳
Щʱ䣬һϷֺϸϵˣסС˫֣Сá
͵Ƶȼϡ
һСˣϳǳԾģ
ԾϲףݴŵĶˣСּרŸԾȵģǰûͶ
СѾˣĿİͰ͵ص̫̫СİɣСľû¶
ǿǳԾġֿűһ˲侪ŵСˣģѹ±ץסиӸ˿ûô
ǣĸģ
С˿޶֪ޣ̫̫ͱΪСˣС˵˿ͱˣ̫̫·ɡ
˼һˣЩŵ˸·
㲻˵ҲûϵϽһˮԺһϣϻţٴǰԺȥĺһһʮĹڡ
һūͣ͵͵ǱŮڶĺԺҿ
û˵һ仰СϵĺͶ༸ţ£Ȼˮ̳һ
ͻȻС˿ŵ̫̫С徲ʵͷ˷ԸСĲò
ĸͷ
ǡǴܼСģСĶ̫̫ߵūͣʲô쳣Ҫϱ
˵һūͣҹ˯ܵԺҲӦֻ滰
ɴܼҹ˵ֶҲ£С˰̫̫СûѣǴܼСģҲķϣɲԵʲô¶ûз
û˵˻ʣ㶼ʲôȥ
ȥˡ
ԣѾ֪ŵӸӴ˶ү̽ҡ
ǡ
СæСıȥʱܼҲûиˣǵ̫̫ڴ˵عβСģ̫̫̫ġ
ֲŲЩҲ֪ΪʲôԸоǸͶԼûʲô𾴣ʱ˵ǹָɣ
˲ϲҲǱߴգû뵽ܼҾȻ
ʲô
ǡ
ණͷתһȦְ²
ŹڵϵС˵ҿ˵ģѽ¶˵ȥһ
СԼܹ߳Сãһ˲ʲôҪԼӦͷؿڣ̫̫˵ֻҪСܰ쵽ģСһȥ졣
֣Ժȥ֮ǰҪ˵ҵͷܱ֮Ƕȥ
⡭
ⲻ
ּȻ²㣬ţǵĵһν׸Ǯ
ִɰһСѽ𶹣ӷŵС˵
Ľ͵¼ֱҪλС˵۾ûõôǮǽӡ
һʮֵǮˡ
һ˲䣬һҲʲôܼˡ
ַͣŻʵԺ¶֮ǰһֻˡ
СĶ̫̫ġС˾⻰Ҳԣ̫̫̫үôˣ˵ͻˣպܼ֪ߵǽͷݣ̫̫ӣҲܰԼô
ҪǣӰĽӡ
۳СֻʣСѽ𶹶ôô򼸾ˡ
һߣ־ڴϣ¡
ϰѱӸǺãȥƣûתͷʣ˵˭뻵ҹòأ
ҹòãʲôô
ȥôܼǸ֧ʹϸҩôɢҥԵǸˡ
ûҪô
ǳ¸ĴܼңԼǳ¸̫̫ˮˮԼԸֵõʲôء
ǸﻹʲôͨӺʹ֣º󻹴ĵڳ¸ɱ˶¶ۼ
üͷ޳üë͵ֵСɽ
ͬʱã˿ֹܲϴεļı
ûôȫˡ
ϵָüͷϣϸϸ࣬üͷһ࿪үһ¶ţū澾̫̫ھͺܺãһжǿ۵ġ
̫̫ǸС˺ǡѾ¶̺Ͷүͽõ۾
ң̫̫ĪˣӺʹֶǸū澣ϤǵģһǸһˡ
ܻ֪Щǲ֪µġ
üë࿪ˣţסﲻỬϸƣѹԼ£˵ҳˣʵҲֵ
ҳԷ̵ģ·̵ģ˵Ҳ̵ģҪþõҰ
ЦἫˣı
ã̫̫᲻̫̫

ҹֲ֣žѾܱʱ岻ˣʺﰤܶ
ס˸µСãӺҸʱǰȥ
Ӹ˼ˣȻū澣ñѰС֮ҵŮҪãЩӿɰݺݴĥһ
һ棬˵ؿڣȥˣ
ЦЦֲ
ԾӦҵȢҹţԲҵеۣܵ¼𣬲ҳ˹»ҰΪƴɽԺͻµڻǶתΣΪ
ȲسŵǿԲ
˵ЩۿˣǳԾȢһ˫ԶԵɡ
ָɽԺԺ黭˫µĵһˣĸʢĲŮٳȻĸ׶ָ֣ҲûȢ
Ҫָ֢֪ӣҲᱻʱУÿһ·ĳԾ򶯡
ԾȷʵвܣָϣڳԾȥ֣չĸӣƲɽԺµɵԾѹסʱ
˸ճǻԾȷʵˣһסֻ㰤ס
һУڳԾǿԲҹһ
ԽԽ֡
ֳȥ
Ҫ֡
ʱῴ֣˵ʲô۾ǲҪ˫
ʱԼ۾һι׳˻˵ֵ۾̫䣬˵Ϊʲô
˵⻰ʱ̲࣬˵ϣڵϿͻȻ룬вΣٰһƷҲ̰ǵŮ֮
ɰ˺ܶࡣ
ǵģִС֪¡
ݷø׵ĺѣɽԺѧӡ
˶гԾɫ۾
ҪȥȥķȻҪãϾð취ְԼ뷨˵ˡ
ͬ⣬ַ֪Σյĵط
֣Ǳ˵ˡ
ǣ⼸ɾ죬ŷóԵġ
ҹִһ˯ʱıа͵ƶӵ£÷ִ磬ûµġ
䣬һѽ͵ӵϣ϶ѵĶǺʵޱͷŷ·İܣһȥѸٴ𡪡
ץͷСãպײʱСˣָŨ̹Сõˣ̫̫棬ȥ˾Ȼ𣡡
С˻е£ŴϵĻһƬĻ⡣
Ӻݺһϣȥ˰̫̫¶ùӳԣ
СŷӦǺԺϷǰԺҪǲѻưסǰԺɾ͡
С˰Ⱦܣܱߴ󺰣ŻˣСŻˣ
һ˲䣬һ͵ν¸͹ո˯µȫ·һȻŻˣŵ鶪ǡ
ԺĳԾ˯ˣҹ˯š
ߵĳʣôˣ
ź˸ոճȥˣүСǱˣ̫̫棡
*
лҪ˵
־ƲС׻С˵ķӦڸܺ׵ĵõܶණ
ֻӽ̵úܺá


21 
ԾƤ˲ŽžߣСæ׷Ьϴ멣ճţͿԺǱһƬȺ졣
С˵ɴ۾ү̫ˣ򲻿ɿ
ԾûĻڶУ̧Ժ첽ȥѾС˴ˮ˻ĳʵһӺܹ
̫̫ء
ʵһ⣺̫̫棬ѾѸ˶йˣһ̫̫ܰȳġ
ԾɫҰֽԼ˽øʵȥΧ˼Ҷȫȥ
˽£ʱĹӡá
ʵЩؽӹ˽£ŽЬӶûãŵĴ멱˺濾΢΢̫ү̫̫̫үλ˸ʶԲŴ裬ٵصԺȥ
ûʱΧ˼ҵСͰ裬ˮһ鸮ĺԺܴڱ
ɤѿƵӵһյֻʣܵС᷿оʹһӰ˵Ķ̫̫̫̫
ҲϽңͻȻǽһڱѬú߸һأ汻ޱŵֺӵſƬ
̫̫ĵسȥ
Ϻͳʵݺ˿
ؿڣԳԾҵڱӣϱȥ
ԾûشĻԼߵֺϵǽǴֺϷֿ˿æ˵һߡ
Сˣ̫̫Σ
ֺϷֿС˵һߣү̫̫ϻۣԼ·ͺϹޱˮˮˮ˴ʴСϵԼЩ󰭡
˵ԾôվԺü֣ٿһݵСۡ
Ƥİ壬Եݿֲ
ԾС˵̫̫ͻãմǰΡ
ǡ
ԾСԺ˶վںŵļƲƲ죬ߵ¬ϵôֻҪ̫̫үǰֽӻá
¬ϿƺǲϾȻ˵Щɩ⻰˵ġò֪ôˡ
ϵ˭и̫̫ƽͣϱӲãȥӦ꣬ǲ֪ô˵ǳ¸ģ˵ᣬ̫̫ŮãԺ󰡣ǳ¸ŮҪ˵ףġ
¬ϵüۣɩЩ˵̿ɣɱ
񣬻үҡ
ߵҲ͸߶߶䣬ǶҲ֪̫̫ιʲôԻһȫ̫̫ϣȻ˻ǹԺò˵ף᲻Թǡ
˵ţǿ׳ӱִ¬߹ᣬԼǧЩЩ̫̫Ȼǲˣ̫̫ˡ
еãҪ¬϶߻ղǷҪƭȥ

ѹʱ򣬾ͿڹϵĳԾ
ӵűӰӣԾˣַ
彩˽۽ޣôԺ˯
Ծû˸ӭߵѾߣȥմ򣬸̫̫ˡ
Ѿߵתȥˣֻʣ
ʵֺܲϲˣһص屻˿һǸϡ
ٲϲǻˡ
ʳԾأҪӦ䣬ҶװˮˮѾСˡ
γԾ˷ҽΣ֮ǰ㷿ǸѾͷ˵ϲ޴󰭣ֻЩЩֹȵķӡ
֮ǰΣֱԼ׶û£ֲķġ
ܿ죬Ӵմˣմȸָٰϣֿ˿ɫͿڱǡ
Ծմ򣺡Σ
մ̫̫ӹǱѰҲѻָЩһҪ룬ƳٺȼҩС
ҽϷǨʢ￪˸ҽݣտʼԣֻСèֻĳ˳һĴ
ֻʹˣٳ˼ĶԼСմȥ
ԾҽҲģô˵һ˿֮ɫ
մ귽ӾˣԾ˵˻ỰҲȥ
úܿһˣ󷿵ļϺͳƽϺͳʵ¬ϣԼСһŮװ
Ҳû뵽ôɣһһյ˵
òãûﲻٰѱ
ҪҪ־ǻδ֪ʲôʱ
˼ȥĶ£ϴ멣ٱ¯ִȥ˷ϡ
˷ͳĳƺʵǰԺĵһųҲǽ𿻣һȫԼ尾
ֵԭǲģʱֻԣϹܼҷ˻͵
һ·Ŷ߽쬵˷ţڵɫϣŭա
ϿúõģЦ۽ǵƶ˼֡
ңЩ
֣˵ʲôͿֻҪ̫̫ûʲôﲻģο̫̫һжźˣūֻżֳɵġ
˿⣬СүǱߡ
ֵûɫǰһš
֪˼ǰΪҲǷ¼ʲôҳԵǸĸļױҲǸĸļױֱֱͦģֻԼסڳ¼ҵˡ
ɾһ£ǾԼŮӵġ޴ӷʲô˼ûС̿ʳòϣҵҲд͵ذԼ
ǰԼжຢΪһԼ޸ĸƼһƮ¸ûԺô
̫̫ô룬ҾǼˣҲܱ۾Ϻһûܡ
Լ˵ڼеۣ¸гԾۣܶʱӣƾϲ˴£ӲӪ¹ϵ
ϿҲԸǿ
û뵽ȥСãϣԸⷽ¹ˡ
źãԺԾڣҲȵĳ¸̫̫ع°
˵˻ӰϵҩϣϵĴ멸ţҪá
ϲ멣סּ֣Цͷ̫̫ࡣ
ǰ˶֣߰ɣɫҪгѩ
ӷϣһһصá
̤õżҺڵͻȻƮѩëƬƬġ
ִ˴֣İǲù
ѩͣȥѸͱ¥ˣõӣڳʩӡ
һ㶣Ѹͱ¥д̺̻ƹ񣬻˵̫̫Сƣ롣
ɫЩǿԻҵˣҲԻǵˣʱء
ѩ£ѹԺĺĻ֦Ѿˣֻܵѩͣøﻨ޼Ӱ귢֦
ڱ˯˯Ժģ˲
˼īɫޱһ«έȹ滹ҹһѩ߲ϵĸ֬ӣʲôʱˣ
̫̫ʱһ̡ЬЬ棬ˣϽѷ̿Աŵʳ
û뵽Ȼôˣø֬ϣʳôңЩó緹ˣء
䣬ûʲô£̫̫˯һ¡
С̫̫ҩ˵ԼŲŷġ
ӣֻӺϣڣȻ֮ǰС˵˶ӣп˲ʱ򡣶⣬֮ģ徲һ㣬ϣ˴ţǰֻܹӺȥ
ֵͷ˵ϻٳԡ
ⳡѩЪͣƲڵʵʵ̫¶Сɢ˼ֺ⡣
С˸ԺĳԾ仰Ӻȥ
ϻѩҶҵǰǰǼʳӣһׯĸվڽֱͳϺĻѩվڸ˱ѩɰСΧŸתҪǺ«Ӧ˵ģ˲ƭСӡ
ССֺŴһ˵Ǻ«СરવңòԶֶ̲סЦ
ׯųͣŴתΣʹֻͣǵæǺ«òãҪһֱΧתתȥﲻ֪ʲôʱæˡ
ȸߵĺӣشһãգŴԲԲ۾Ա߿ϵѩ˳һһ¡
Ŵӣϵʩ࣬򡣡
á
Ǽʳӣף͵˱¥
ı¥Ҳûйţ滹һѡӡ
ֿǸѲ׵ı¥Сˣ¯ǰȥ
СӭɣǱ¥ʦ˼ֻΣõĻ񣬿һҪ
üɨ۳ʲôûӣơ
С˸ղֻкˣͷûֵݡ
¿ˣɵ㶣ƶһƮƮأ͡뿴
ַȡֻӣڹ̨ϡ
*


22 
ֿˣ ⼸ֻϳˡ
򿪺Ļ¶˳
ȡһֻ ǳʯɾµ̨ͤ¥ʽ ΢˵㻡ȣزʧɡ
ڶֻȤζ㣬ȡ˹ŭĵһ
̵ʦóǸмյʦ 
ùĺö֪ Ѭ¼ʶ㣬û˵ʲôֻһƪμ
ûȴм
ּʯʮƣ ƾۣһʯˮͷ㣬 ɫ
һɣɫˮһ߲ɢȥ λдμǵȥ˶ԡ֮Ĳ⣬ һ˽пϧ
û뵽ⶫ
ֱεŮӶ⼸ֻκϲ æкСøȥ ֻǳʯ̨̳ͤ¥ʽΣ ˬظӱˡ
С˶ֵ˲ٺ ö ˿пеġ
ҡͷƹ ڲڡ
ƹģ ʲôСĿԴͨ
ƹʶֻȥ˵ţС˶
Сڱ¥£һ¿ۻһʮģӲСĹǮˡ
˿֣ǮպãҼƹˣСľ͸ͨһڼ򲻼СĲҴƱ
ɲӶġ˵
СüЦȥԺƹţƹģλˣ˵ʶһ档
صڼ·ҴܵĲ̸˺£ûش𣺡ûôˣ
С˵֪ƹ˵ɫжһȥ˴룬ĶǼ˾䣺Ƿ˴󣬺֮ء
λˣλķˣ̸⶯
⼸ѾӣҪȥͷʵġ
˵ټլŮ˲õģЩҹС˴ŲŲʵûʲôϵȻɫ
Ͱ͵ۣȹҵļƿС˵߰ɣүҪ˭ҡ
¥ǰϵ꣬ʱǰź浽ԺӣԺ¥ƹһסǸƹĺô
ԺǰŶ룬ûһ̸ʹתǴ߳ɵؿվڹ̨ǰ֣Ӳϡ
ǾޣǺ¡
Ҳû뵽Ȼ̸ϽĶӣ⼸ʱʱ¸̽ϡ
ӡֶʵò֣һ㣬ѧһ㣬Żйߴա
Ų̸˿¥û뵽㾹ȻǱ¥ƹˡ
̸κ˶֪¥ôģŵֽɸͰ͵صϡ̫̫ôˡ
Ӵų˭ѵƫƫҲ
ǡ̸Ǻ£̲סģɫyuռϷ磬**Ȼ˷Ӧ
ֲӶòϳԵʳ³תߡ
һߣ̸ˣץŹ̨ûڵϡ
ͻȻ𼱻ǵ壬ýηֱ̧鸮
鸮ڿϣϱһڵϸȣһŲ裬ﲻͣ߶ǹء
ϱСҵŮ鸮ǰڴҳ˵һ䣬˾ҪӦһ䡣
˽˵̸ϻΪͱ¥µӵģ뵽̸һ͸Ƶأأĸң
ɱһϱŵûһ£Ҫ㣬ʲô°ų⸱ӡ
̫̫ղȥ¥ˣ̸˵Ų
ͷҲһ£Σܿ侲ʲôϱڼӣʲôԡ
ĸǰƹ˿ɶŪߵģ˵ȥ
ʲô˵ȥģϵɫƽֻǰ̫̫ѱ¥ֽŲɾ˴ˣһΪ̫̫롣
ǹĸһš̸Լҹĸô벻Щء
϶ĵƨãŵ㾡ѱ¥Ĵҵָʾ͵
¥Ľʯʮֿɹۣ϶Ųһˡ
ִСó;ñ¥ֻĸܼܲ˵׼ɴһݣò̸ѱ¥ĴóصС
Щʱ򣬱¥Ҳֻʣһտˡ
걧¥ȥѸ󣬵ѸŽա
ҪתȥһֻһĻɫаѵİס̫̫ǵΧ
ɪɪ¶ȫĶ
ּǵģʱƹȥͿʽӱλΣǼ˳谮ΧǰС΢ʮ㣬ʱʱظЩС͡
ָϽ¯ݸôүү͵أ
Χɬžµ¯סǵȸүүȾ˷纮أͷϸɻ
üȥǣ˳Щӷ˵
л̫̫ҲȫǶ·һȳһյģǰЩӣСĺүүˣ̫̫ϸµӣͻȻһˣ˵Ƿ´̵ʱӹܱ¥
үү˵СһҶ̫̫ļӣǳ´ó򱧴¥κ˽ӹܡ
ֵͷȷʵ˵Ļ¡
Χأ
ΧƤ촽Щ˸үүӽǣݶū˱¥ˣүү͵ȥֹҲǴһ١
˵յ£Χ޵һȻūţִ¶ӣҲչˡ
үүΧ޲ðЩ˸ɵһһС΢ԼҲһ٣ؿںڻʹ
ĿⰵǴˣСһҵĶӳ˱¥Сһ˵鸮ȥ٣Ҳûá
ֻ˵ֶ뵽ʱΣһЦô硣
һ·һ·˵Χǵȸ
߱ʢǳƶסĵطȸ̳
͸һȸȸһֻһƾСÿҶһְխţȥײת
Χҡҡ׹ţܿ촫һ˵˭
Χһˣ·ϸ̫̫̫̫Ҳˡ
Ŵ򿪣һḾ˾нԼͷԼѣ̫̫ﲻд⡣
һǼūţܼ޸Χ׵ģȻҲūū澣üĿ㣬񻣬ž˾׽


23 
߽ȥﶼ ˿أɻŵס
ӣ Ȼô˵ ΧﻹǰѵӲֲԼϵĳɫôҲѹȥǲã⼸ҹǷȣ ҩҲЧ
ΧүүСҪã үү龹ȻѾôأͨһָǰ̫̫ȾүүСԺ̫̫ġ
Сӣ
ִӲĳˣ һԼԵ֣֮˵Ҳ֮
ߵӣȥռҩСմ Χȥүү
ΧϽᣬ ǰ·
иܵжխ £䷿Ҫ˯Ҫ βջͷ
ҷְĹ߽ һŵĳʪζ
Χƿţ С**ϵӰүүүү
񲻺ã Ӧ˺ôһű߿ԱߴӦСΧˡүүȿȿȿȿȡ
ΧСܹȥ ץ֣үү ̫̫ˣ ӽ򡣡
ˣ۾һЩˣβѣūռӣѱ¥ūūȴ˶ȥ
Ȼū̸˰ǴɱˣҲᱻ׷
ūŵͼ󣬲ΪȥΪˡ
վڴβȲ˵
ǣлл̫̫ſԣĵص̫̫ˡū죬ǽӹ˱¥Ĳ̸һ֮ˣʱƹܱ¥¥İҪ𡣡
˵ŻȥСմӻˣֶСմСմ
СմȻΪСմ򣬵ǴΪ˺մֿʵͱֻ󣬽ʮꡣ
ߵǰ
Σ
Сմջ֣ȡ룺Ⱦ纮գ֮ģ𡣡
ȸʩһ룬ٷҩҩٿ
ռҸҽ˵аˣҲһ׮¡
ȡʮӸΧСմҵϣЩȥðԵõЩһǡ
ΧҪӣ̫̫ܾүүѾĶ£СĲҪ
űŰɣһӻǻõġ
һ£Ȼظˡ
˵ţ־Ҫߡ
ΧΧﶼҪͣһһס
ĪˣԺӻСմҪ룬ֲš۵ˮ߳ȸ
ߣ˼¥Ѹ¡
ղѸƹûлѾˣ¬ȥһ
֮ǰȥҹһţʶʱΪܡ
ҲȥѸ󣬶ֱӴظ
Ѿˣһ·϶߶ͷг´̼Ϻ¬ϣթƻ
ڿϺ˿Ȳ裬˳һΪӣϿⷿԿף˰󻻳һʮġ
ϲ죺̫̫ôʲô
ЦЦȻĿŵģ˳ͷͷ۾ۡ
Ӻò׼˼ʮѸٵذȡˣȻָǣ֪ͨˣá
ʱ֣˵ֵĶź£ûֵڱ˵죬ֵһɶУͷԡ
ҵ󣬴·ȥ
·̲סʣʲôˣô̫̫ͻȻôˣ
ʵҲһ֪߰ɿ߰ɣòϢһ죬ϽϽȥ˯ˡ
Ժǲŷ֣˼ˣߵѾСˣСƫŵӣȫվԺһ
ͻȻϴӣüС˰̧ǰһů¯һű߳
첻ãҵĶ¿ɻ
û뵽ƽԺ̫̫ôӵĻ֪ôش𣬻ӻ飬̫̫̫ȥˣСÿ쵱ֵʱ򶼲㶳ɱ
־Сӿɽ̣Ҽǵ㣬ŵӣƽﵱľҲйء
ҲģǸҷůӣҹ̹ܵòǡ
ӣȡʮӸ
Ⱥһըˣʮӣ׻ӣ
¸ɲʲôʳ֮ң˹ҲһѾÿһӵѾÿǮֻۻ˸ֻкٵһǮʮǮ
ʮӣһ꼸Ҳ׬
ͬ˵ŵĻӵôӣСȥĵظֿͷ̫̫밲СҲŵģɻڿˣ
һֱϣҪ˶࣬Ҫȥ
ֿ̰ӻڿ죿ƽккȥô㣿
⻰µͷһ죬ͦظµ̫̫ǱСɱˣ͵ˣúܣһž͸СİⰲǣԼǰգزֻüûСˡ
ڼֳһ˻ȥ˵⻰ҲԼǲǳǽģƽôµģ޲ڵ϶
һһ죬ࡣ
ֽֿ̧ͣͣͣɣȻҲ˵ƽɢǽůӾͲܺһӣǮ
ǣ̫̫ӹ水շԸٸһͭǮ
ʮӵǮʮ޲ðӺŰڵˣŶͭǮض
Ųϣʼһ÷
㵽÷վָ
ɣֿ˿ɫƣЩݵϸڳ£
÷һſھڻ̫̫ūƽĲȱʲôūʲô´©
֪еķϲˮ̣ܰѬڵģ²̵ԣ
ôôһеεģຩ̫̫߳СҲǳĲӡ򲻿ϸĻԼŲʲԼֶӳÿҪԴγã˲ͷ߳ȥ˺ܶ¡
÷ڳ꣬ƽѹӿֻľͷģ뵽سҧˣ׶ָӴѪˣҪ˵Щ£Ҽˣ׺䣡
¶ӸĽƱ磬ֵֻ̫̫ȥѣѵղ˲ΣǴƷ࣬˲Σֻܲļٻ
˲ǸӶҪԵĶ䵽˶죬ӲǸҪٲˡ
˭뵽ϸȻܲŪ
*
лҪ˵
һָ£mua


24 
ϸεѣ ڵϣϥеֽűߣסֵĽţ̫̫ ūôҵҵ ǣǿū澶Ǿľūˣѳһã ̫̫ǧҪĻɱΡ
޵ôĸΣ ˵УֻӵȻô˵Ǿߵˣȥ˵Ķҳ
ץץ࣬ ׽׽˫û֤ݣ ˭Ҳƫ̻
ȣԩ ٷ 㲻ȥ
ᶨСҪԩϸ̫̫˵ ӳˣ̫̫á
У ϣ һˡ
ǡһˣ ֽűߵϸˡ
ͷӶֿһ㣬 Щȫûȥˡ
Ҳûۣ Ӻûһͻˣ һڴ˵Ķڵϣ̫̫뿴ЩСĺϸҵĶѣ˲Σǻûüȥģ⻹﷢˻ߵĶ
һνϺѺ˲ΣѵǿóãòӣëҲûɾ˲ȴ
֪ŵһָǰ̫̫֪ЩܲȾѡר˲δС࣬״Ƶپɹٵͣרŵˡ
Щܲγ˲ҲǼٵģǵҪ˲һЩҪ׳һЩǵζУҲ˲βͬ
Ϊ˷ֱϣһ˲Աߣϸһȷʵ˵
̧˵һߣʼѾ̱ϸ㻹ʲô˵ģ˵ϲϣ
ϸоѣ̫̫̫̫
ɺֲֻЩѺ˲ε£ֻһζص̫̫ڴ̵ϣūΰɣūǱϣ֪ˡ
εĿȸղˣȴ۾˵ڴ̵ϣʹӵݣҪҸ档
ϸץסһݣصؿŵūǴ̵ޣū澡
ã˿壬վڽϣԺˣȻ˵Ǵ̵ޣҽĲ㣬ǼסʮǸģҲ˷ˣ
ϸû뵽ԼɽȻĽش󺰣̫̫
ס죬ɵ̵ףǺƲб˽ңH
С˸Ͻסϸ죬ֽţʼ¡
ֵĹϣƵԺ˺¼ˣϸᶼûС
ūˣһ˼ҷ磬°֪Ʈȥ
ʮϸѾȥַϳȥڸ֪ˣӽԺӾǳ¸Ĺ¡
ӼˣСĶ̫̫Ρ
ȻӹӸʮ
Ⱥ￪ʼӣûһĸվ
õİӴ˲ˣҲˮȫ˳ȥ
ҹæһֿڿϣɫӭϸźʵıӡ
ӱ߸ߵʮ꣬Ҳ벻ôõķӣ̫̫ûƼǵ͵ĲסĿأ˵¹˵ԺҪúТ
Ҳý¶ƯӸͨͷ֣̫̫ô
ֻè𼱣ӸղȥҪЩʱ굽ȥ
ֲЩǲԼ̫̫ﶼãӺӿ̫ʱˣտʼҶ֪̫̫Ҫһôһ¾͸ˮһˡ
סЦҿѾͷԺֻиˣڱҿɲġ
ãȻ
ΣѾͷΪӺԼôġ
𣿡
ףҲˡ
ԱЦôһ˵һӦ̨ϳϷĻÿ
ֻ˵ӺӶ̫̫ȸ˵ģȻΪǻðŷճͷء
ЦʲôǶˣͰԼڹ
ĹĵأоԼˡ
ָϽοƣʲôסҪǸ㣬ض¶ڣǵϷôȥ
ˣһǣȨ̫̫𡣡
ȹϲЦտǵūĿȥˣū澻Ҫһš
̰Եģֲ֧װǵȫģ˭Ҳ
ӣ֣̫̫ô뵽һģͲӺӲվߡ
ֵ˵ĵطиָ˼Щ˼Ϊ˵ΪԼģֻҪץסǵ˼֪ҪʲôҾ͸ʲôǾͻΪﵽҵĿġ
ССĳ¸ͷˮ
ӻƶǶ
һЦ
ԴɱΪСԹ˯ɣ컹еء
ǵ˯ðˣˣȴշתߡ
ɫֱ࣬ߵϸƿ˵˵ʲôϸǸ߶ˣһʱͿ˳ĶҲһ˴˷ˣ¸ճ»򣿣
Ѿ߶һϵĳƽĹƤԼ֪ǸϸʲôĻɫ̫̫զҪ˵õġ
ڼϵ⣬ܻ֪潸һģŸƨ㶼ģƽˣǰԼ£Ҳʯͷ
Ƽ˵Щˣˣ߶㣬Ҷˡ
㷳ʲô㷳һ֪ȥΣȥȣȥģôͲЩӶǴĶģĪ¸ͷӲɣ  Ҹ㣬ΪԸɾҴӸ̵ЩǮϡ
ãɣˣ
˵ЩƽȻ֪֪֪Щ¶ǼԼԸģûմȾ֣ʲôҲ顣
ųƽ뿪ıӰϼֱ޶һ豭ҹȥһء
ŷţĬĬ߶ûҪƫҪ꣬Ǿ͹ֲˡ
紵ҡҡڼ
ڶһ磬վˡ
󷿣СˣԱڶ밲
ϴӱֿôˣЦЦʵڲذôųͺǰһС
ƨȥ̫̫ãҪǶ֪ԵǴεģԵ˲ξȻܲ
ӽԺҿ˭Υ
úһѽ֪ģΪ̫̫أáϲص
һǺȥ̫̫ûã̫̫ڣҲòųЩöϣ˵˳µϸɩߵء


25 
ֻ쿪ۣ ̫̫ꡣ˫ֺʮһϲӣݷɡ
ԱС⸱߶߶ӻһһ㶵ģ ֣ ֪Լѧı£˼ң仰Ͱ̫̫ÿĵġ
ָķ˵㣬ϣ ˵̽һأ 죬Ҳʦڡ
ʱ̣ȷʵ̲סˣ̫̫췢˺ôĻ𣬲֪ûУ
ԭЩ˲䰲 һڵϵȫŶ
ֺ˿ڲ裺㲻˵һˣ 촦õǸϸڿ˵ĿɽҪͻء
һ룬 ڸ ˭֪¸иĳ˭ʲô£ ˵׼ܽ
ϸڳ¶꣬Դγã ÿҪ ֻ̰ û ȥʱ ϲȫǽ࣬ ǻүء
ˣҲߣ
Ȼôࡣ
ϾСҲͷӶϸ飬Ƕţû뵽̰ôӡ
¸ҲżǧĻǮһôŪôǮģ
ַ²յ⻹ǵЩĴõĳԵǲ٣ָڷȵĲǺʣµĲĭء
һ۽ı飺ɲˣɲˣڸȥðжȥɡ
ڼϴϱߵڸ¶ͷԼףףǲ˵Ĳ֪ܵѽ
ͯͯ𣬼ϸһ͵Ļͷϱ̾ͲҪ̣ôСĺӽ̵ʲô
ϱعˣϱҲæסӵ죬żϡ
СӲ£Լױżϴϱֱޡ
Ƽöˣ˵¼ϵӣӶˣ˵Ǹ̫̫밲ô䡣
²ҲͰˣŲȱ©ŸСӲţ㻹е㳤𣿡
ҶˣҶʲôˣ
ҿ´үŶˣҲˣѿҲ룬̫̫Ҫ׷һЩϸ֦ĩڵ飬ô˵Щ
𣬼ϵͱһŻŻ𱻴Ӻͳƽĵȼˣȸ˸ĵ̫̫ЩǶҪ˵ġ
ţ˵š
ϻܣֱͦԴ̫̫ÿճԳԺȺȣӲ񣬶Ϊ˵Ҳǡ
û˵ôȷʵһִ񡣡
ãֻҪ̫̫һ¾Уô꣬ûйҲпͣôĹͻϸҲˡ
̫̫ģҵ˵Ҳһûϱ
˵۽Ǵᣬ·˶ٿ࣬˶춼Ҫί˵
ɻʲôҪ˵ģ
ͼĿɲһɫƽּ֣᣺ûˣϱ˵Ķ˵ˣ̫̫ǾöϱԣϱϷ
飡
ֻͻȻһ𰫽żϣüë̺ŭ𣺡Ҿ֪ôġ
ǳϱǳ¸ŮеĶҸ븮ʱ˵Ժ¸ƽģ͵֡
һ˵ûϵµľǲԺҺ죬Ҳܷŷĵİ¸㡣
ôģϸ֮Ѹֻ̰һ˲Σ˲˭¶ģǾôͿˣ
ǧ̣֮Ѩ¸ô˫۾ţҲĪѴҶɵӡ
Ծӣ˳ǣ޳˼ҡ
ƽûչ򱳿¬ϵңƽʱȱӻ
ɳչӶѳˣԸķ䲻ûԹԣСôֲ˵ͱ㴰ֽչĴ͵ΪϸǴߵ˲Ÿô޼ɵԼöǲŴͿزֳֵ֪
ϱֵһƹˣ֪Լȫվ·硣
ϸô˵̰ӣΪƱ磬ǰʺԼԴϿۡ
չĻѩϼ˪Сϲ˵񶼲Ծˡ
û뵽ƽ￴ͺĴﾹȻˡ
ǰ˭뵽أ
Ҿ;ΣҪûд׿ϣһֲʶūôĲ򡣡
˵ЩǮ˵˴Ŀڴء
СǶǴһ˵ȴһ㡣
ϻ򵽵ϣֵǶϱͺģ̫̫ĺ⣬̫̫ԭ¶ϱΡ
ʹļ׵ҡҡͷ㻹ǲףõǸ˲ңǸˡ
˲βֹһ˳ˣүڸΪϸ̰Щ
ߵǰվʹüֻмһ˿
Ƿڸˡ
ˡʱˡ
ڳ¸ҲдׯƽĴ̣ݶ͵֪ˡ
ҧһ仰Ҳ˵
˵仰Ҳ޷ء
ֻڰ֣˶ɢˡ
һߣֻ˵óװӷֽݣ߱ʣ̫̫ôһ㣿¥Ѹ¶أ
ֵҪһһڳԣҪһһеܻܼҪһſԡ
Ŷ
벻ףҲͲˡ
̫̫ʲôǶԵġ
ָûߵͻȻ߽̫̫̲ķ̽㣬ء
򻹴ӿˣȥһЩĵġ
䣬ϺϾѾˣϿ˿˵˲Ѫ𣬿㿴̫̫磬ʣҪɵ㺮ȥˡ
СЩʱգˣ˵һʱ򣬽ˣ滨
ôǺÿġ
ӣһͷҪǷȥ㺮ˣҲһȥ㷥𡣡
Ǽ£ֻҪ쿴̫̫۾ˡ
ϸݴϵûˣӶĸǰԸ⡣
һ飺ôģź˶Ҳ
һЩ£ϲ徲ˣٵźҲͦõģʡһǰơ
һڣϺϾ£˵ҹյĺܴ󣬳ٸһʱ͡
ְǣȥˣںúõ첻ǣ
ԸἰϺϾͽҹ⣬˵ǽõʱһС㸮ЩǶأ룬ǲ֪ҼǸú޲ܵȥʮ²Ӱǳе¶
*
лҪ˵


26 
캮ضģ һż̤Ҳ˵Ǽ仰ֱߺȲ߳Եġ
ϺϳЦǵˡ
Ȼ ϶ֵǰЩȥ¥һֻΣ ˮͷŲҲã⼸ٴȴôôŤܾûиմʱÿˡ
ϲɵëַ˲ǣ ս̫̫ һȥЩµġתͷ˵ĻϣǸôʱ򲻴ôʱִˣ ҲԼЩ
ֵ˵¥Ķã϶Ϊϵż
ǲ֪ ˯ͷĻŭأ̫̫Ҳȥ¥Σ ͷ֧ҲǶģ 㿴òÿ
˵ֱߵͷϺϿͷϵΡ
ϺϵһۿĲֻˮͷͦΣ ĵͷֺܵͷͬϺͩ͵˿
ͷϧͷͺٻˮ Ƕмƶ̶̵޷
ְûǵ Ҫ һֻͷϡ
ַϤ
ְֻֽСè
ֻԼͷϵϣ գգ۾
ؿڣҪҼҾͺˣ ϿϿ ϿϿ
ϷŶҡҡͷ
ϲ˶ëҪײȥˡ
ؿ˿ǸΣЩɻ󣺡¥µӣ𣿡
ҵļױ˾ǳǧҶȥģǴϱ£ǰЩСòһʱڲȥҿӡ
Ҳƽ飬ô˵ֲȥʱûпǰƹ񣬲ôȥǶҪӣ
ֲ˵ֻͷԲ衣
Ѿµϲţһ´ֲ̣ʱһƱǷǧ˰ӵӣҿı¥ģԭˡ
Ƣƽ޼֮
οֻǼϵţǵ㶫ץˣʲôûɫ
ϿŽ֣ھ飬һ⸱µӣӣһĴȵ𼱣¶׼ġ
ȻͬͱִһŴƵԲ
ӵһμ浽ڣһųȵĶ֡
Ե˵ϵĻͷȴЩɬҪٻЩӣӡ
ͻȻģգգ۾Īô࣬ҿô꣬ûд۹
ʱ͵úͿͿͿŹͿ
֪˵ʲôҲ֪˵ʲôǾͶ˵ˡ
Ͽ⣬㿴Ҫѩˡ
ֺĿ⿴ȥɵһף֪Ӻδżѩס
ֵͻȻ΢΢ЦǰǸѩҹ
Ϻһ磬˵ЦֵóŶյ
ߵʱ»ضһױȥ˵˸
ڴѩǰļ˶֪׻Ѿûлỹˡ
ҹ˯ǰ˵𵽳ʩ£ԺͻȻӵԺС˼سŴ̫̫̫
үˣȥ
ڰѻ˵꣬Сؿϡ
еãȻԾˣôˣ
ﷴӦԱ߸µ·ϣϴ멣߸Ьӱ߶С˵ǰȥҺ̫̫
ǣС˻ҪȥԺţһ̲Ӱ
ץס֣Ծ
ɫأѹ񵱷ԣ޲ס鷿񲻺Ҳ֮е¡
̫̫ΪԼ㡣
ﻹһǿȫɢˡ
үϱո˺ϱҲʡ͵ĵƣϳʵȻվߣƵľ֧
Ծڳ£ȫֽЩõ÷顣
ɫ΢ΨϺȥǰԺһԺţ㿴󷿶˰ԺӼȫżš
վǰͷϹܼһײİϳ˼ɫ֣үڵ̫̫̫̫
ֽŲ΢٣ϺӴԭأϹܼҽȥ
Ÿ̤䣬־ŵһŨѪζԴͷڴͷ̵
ոտѪ߻Ѫ˿ĳԾ֡
߹ȥڴߵԲϡ
¿ˣԽԽѾûֻ۾ֻܰŵĳԾͷֶ
үӦ
үͶʮǰһμԾʱһǽˮĻ
Ծǵãһμ֣ɽԺĺɽϡ
ʱ߹ٺ»ȴÿ춼ڵϣÿ˯ʱҪͷ·Űذײ˯һС˯֮ҪԼӣԴڲڼϡ
ȥɽԺҲǱΡ
ǿ֣֪ɽԺԺµŮͻȻغͻȻ飬һõͷ
ı㣬Ҳ͸¶ŮĴ㣬˵ָٻְֻȻڵضɹһ
ǵģֽԾóԾֵԼС۰һȥԾα飬иĳ˼Ȣ
ʮ֣ϼӸĸԸ޸ʮĳԾң˳¸ȶӶϱС̫̫
һΣʮȥˣջѾڵľƣƷʱ
ǳԾˣϵҲ§סˡޱʹʵ
֣쵽һȴûںıϣ۵һ
ϹܼҸϽᵽһߵӸϵѪ
ԾĿһֱû뿪֣϶ضϹܼҵǡнСлҪ˵
ү£̫ҽ˵ҪúϢٷ񡣡
ȥԾغһ÷ҡ
Ϲֻܼܷӣȥŵˡ
һ˵Ծǣϸװ˹һܽȥڳԾǰֵĻᡣ
ȻһȥɫҰܣѾ췦˲ڵء
Ҫ˵¸ʲôֵǮĪڳԾһƷ飬ڣ¸һƷԱĸۡûʲôأƽǸĺԺĿ
һ˵ȿأֺըѡ
ϹܼҴȵүиλǽл˵£Ĺҳȥ
ȻֹȫڴϵĳԾ
Ծ߳һĨ֪ǺζЦΡΡذ쵽ֱߣָ˶˺ôһЩ漴ԭλӡ


27 
㡭ǹǽҡ¡
ƽ
еֵĳƽϥȥ ڳԾǰ
ĳԾĵճӣóԾһΪ˸ĺӣԾԭ䱾Ͳʲô⣬ һڿƾϣ Ҳ̸жٸ֮顣
Ծǳ¼ҵĵճӣԺġ¸
ҰԺ󡭡Ҫ̫̫
Ҫҡɷ¡
֪У ܺó¸ úТ̫̫ƽͷʵʵعţ۽ܹԲϵֵȹں¶ЬĽš
ͻȻֺĸܣһֱѹͷϵĴɽŲ ˳١
˵⼸仰ԾĺӴأ ǻ˶ķ䣬ÿһ˶
ƽ˵껰 Ծûٽгʵͳչ ǿ֣Ժ󡭡㻹סãߵġúչ㡭 
ȿȿȡ
ͻȻȳһѪ ڱϺֵȹϡ
ɫҰֽŵôģ ؿѾû
ʱը˹ Ůȫ 졣
˼ң ˵꣬ Ѿ˸ԵĹľ ÿ궼Ҫ̧ɹ
չ˳Ծ˶Ծһߣȡõ£˸ֽŻݣתȥٽ˴
գ۵Ĺ򣬸Ѿ˶ѣȫؾɫСȥ֮˱ɥ
־վڲͣתǰһƬ̨ϵϷһӰԼǰȥ
ͻȻһַֻס˵
͵ػ񣬰ִӳƽ˵ʲô
ƽ̫̫ӲãҪҪϢϢ
־ţƽıͦñǰֱ˲٣ʲôطƺһˡ
ûϸѾ̧Ժ׼ʼľģǶôϢ£ǶҪɥ׼ĶҪ׼˵¸֪˳¸档
á
ȥѣһָ˵˼䣬ӽŲҴҵػصá
ǳԾˣҪע⣬ϰѹӵ׵İɫ쳤ͰɫȹóȥǱƥײֽط
Ȼϸֻ·ͷϵλȫжˣִҲժ¡
ĳ٣øϸϵΣٻ쳤ȹ
ǸմãȥðײҲˣͣվǶüһƥײһ룬Եһ߰һ
ӵݸ֣̫̫ԣҪҪ硣
Ǹñųİײͷϼܰס
ĸȥʱ־˺ܶ죬Ϥؽӹͷϣ̶̳ģ¹Ҫյģ¡
⼸յ£˼Ѿ֪ﲻ̫ƽϺ¬϶ڸ̫̫үԭ򣬶˵涼̫̫ѹס
үˣҰģϥûһŮ̫̫˲·硣
Լϵӣ϶ǲҪ
˵¥ѸԺӡ
ԽԽܣͻȻ֣̫̫Ժס𣿡
ססϰˣȥضˣ
ӣϰϰˣ̫̫ڣūҲס̫̫ȥĶҾȥĶҲҪ̫̫һ
סĻûʱء
ȥ·ҪЩȥסͷ
ЩӣҷԸ£ʲôҪ֣ʵѲװװΡ
̫̫ǵЩүӣЩţԾǳ¸̫үǳ͢һƷ飬˭ô಻סʱ䶼̲ˡ
ֵͷһһСĽ޴
һ룬ȷʵ
ڲǻɵλȨصĳԾһץסͶҪϼѡ
ϸϽӣ·һȥԺ
Ѿ˴룬ҹķʦڻɥᦣܹɥᦣмǸߣðײŵɥᦿ߳ߣһģһСġ
ⱻᦣǰģﶼҪǱĵٽӹѬӲ֣ܼˡ
ŮͣᦾҪ飬ҵŮؿޡ
Ҫͣʱ䳤ؿ޵Ů۾ܿϹ


ڵϵ͵ؾѣʶסԱߣȴѾûװ׵ĳԾֱϡ
һҹʬѾ͸ˣʯͷһ
֣ȥˣֺ˺
ǲȼ̿ģΨһĻǵղϨȼյ㡣
ֺǳģָֺʧȥ֪
֪ǵӼ·
һͰԾֽԼʲôʱ˶֪
˿ɫֹҲˣ촽С߶ϣ
վһϵʹգգ۾̫̫ūڡ
׼ʳˣһϣеˡ
ûأҲ֪˭£Ҳû˭֧Ӧһ
ū澲һ⣬̫̫ȵӣȥô¡
˵ŰǿָĸŰײ϶һ⻹ҹķ㣬Ҳ֪ʲôʱŵģѹЩģˡ
ʵڶùͣųŷеֵֹģǶųԾʬԵģǱȥ
հһڵԺͻȻ
ָϽ˶ڵϣͷϵİ˲Сͱסֻ¶°ͺ촽
ƽʵչֵТֽ߽Ǯûһǰˡ
ǶԷޣеĴһɫԲ쳤ۣ룬ϸۣ¡ŮĴһϮɫļӣڹһȦëõƤ
ǰȡ´ŵƤñӹС˵ȥӲ֡
֣صȡȼһݣݣݡ
ֱϵĿյϣ־顣
һޣҲޡ
Ӽһȥи̫밲
ܾûԼֻȦĹ˵ԾǸѵһ˶ɵĿ
¶°ͲǹļЩͦ촽顣
㿴ϰܾҲ֪Ծҵò˵
ܾûʶĿ֪ͣˣֺشӰĿײһ
ܾһ͡
˷࣬ׯ欻崿ֶС
ĵԭʼʾ˵yuģϵÿһںȥ
ƫƫһ˫峺µ۾
¹Ķ
ģָܾŮӶһйĿ
*
лҪ˵


28 
 һѸϱ߶ĸˣȻ
˵ȦӾô󣬲ܾȻҲ˵Ծϥ²ã ֻҵŮϥ£ ŮҲˣǹ¼ҹһ
ҡ
ܾɨһ¸Ů쵱ǰûУͽ̫̫һţ ֪ȥˡ
ܾԾطɫ οֵЩ֮춨裬˽ڰ
ֲ֪˭ϣ ҲͿػ񣺡л̫̫һ
Скܾˡ
ߵĹˣ ŮǸ׽ڴ˴һ飬 ϵԶЩģ 鼸Ϳ뿪
һֵɤӶˣ ò׺õĶֿʼ
ԭŵֵֻʣ³ʵʵ˶Ӵ ϵֵ̫̫ ҿɫ̫ã ҪҪȥȵůһů
Ͷǰ󱳵ֵͷأ Ǳʲôţ
ֵˣ ץųʵһ۸ɣ
ʵųԾʬ壺û£ ҵһҸġ
ֲ֪˵ʲôƬ̺ȥ˵һ˸Щʳ
ָɴӺȥʲôԵġ
߽ͿϴʮѾС˰ѳģһӵȳˡ
û˵Ѿϣ̫̫ôˣͷģôѽ
һſھĻֻûǻȽն𣬲ú޳ʳ̣ʲô
ζըӵ̲סһһظ߿ࡣ
̫̫Сǽúúõģ̴˲׵ؾҪСǸϳȥ˵ӽɴ󷿿ܡ
ԭõɥϯҲ̲ˣӻͷ⣬Բ㻻س˿⡭ôõĳ֣
̫̫ȰȰ̰ɣô£ô¸ôǡ
ߴߴˣҲ֪ʲô¡
û뵽ܸɳ¶ӻͷ⣿Բ㻻˿
ʲôͷʲôۣ˼Ҿû˵ļҰϯͷģ¸ҪһȥҪʢˡ
ϣүһ¸Ǵ󷿵ңҲð̫̫ףҪʲôʲôֻүڻòòֹû⣬Ҳǡ
Ӷᣬ·ӣԺ߳ȥ˼Ц
ϸӲУӻ㲻밲ڿ죬ӵϣֲ˵仰
Ϻ˶꣬һƸκλлƲðۿ̫̫Ļˣ˵ĻǲһҲˮԼΪԼɽѩǸϸһó¸Լ
ô̹ܼô꣬Ǳκ˶õĳԴסõĶʲôطǮ
ϺٺЦ֪¥Ѹ󣬻гļׯӣǲǴ󷿵ģ̫̫ռô꣬ûˡ
㡪ϼֱϵĳĵü´ϡ
¥ѸԼļׯӶֵļױȻ˼ǵģȫȫҾ۸дϣΣ
סҳŮļױŮв񣬴úãҲ̫á
ϴֲʶһһ͢Ȼһ⹷ƨǵ˸顣
ͷҲ֪ʲô¸ĶҵĶ˭ҲòߣҸƴ
Щ޹˵ȺȥԺǰѳ֣ʲôʲôҪҹĿ
ŶͻȻʲôص̫̫̫үٳʹ⼸ûʲôθڣͲõķʳˡ
һӵļ¶Ŀó˶ʼϲ
Щ˵ӵȥ
Щӵ洫ִ̵ֵֶ̯̫̫ĻҲˣ⼸춼ûõĳʳǻǻȥɣʲôʱθˣٸ
һֲ֧ߵָǰ̫̫ҪúñԼӰôĵضһ
˵ţصײ֣Ťӳȥˡ
Ϻˣֶ֣ǳȥ
ϳӵ˻ûߣ֣ӭ̫̫취մڷ¸ûҪɢˡ
ŸһʮˣǶǳ¸ļӣ
û뵽㶣ǣСǶǳ¸ļӣų¸һ¼ҵġ
ָ𣿡

̫̫ӵڷ
룬ô룬Щ˱ȫȫŵģԼȱ˶Ĳȱˡ
ūԼҪ˵ţŮҲź˵˼Ҵɱ˹ٸܡ
ֵŵùָģշֿԺǶ
ǣлл̫̫лл̫̫
ӵ˲侫ʮ㣬·硣
ˣֶϵȥãҴͷ౦һ㣬и«Сͭӣ㴧
̫̫ʲô
ķĳ¸ֿϸѩɵ죺һƣԲŹãҾáǲˡ
̫̫ͷһ£߰ɣڸһңܵȶӳ顣
ȻĿŵǰ˵Щ϶׼ֻǻû¸ţҪס
ҳԾʬδܳȥˮǻ޷粵
ô죡ϴûôŹ
Ҳˣ֣һʧ
ֵҪó¸һ㡣
ŶŶ뿪ֵĶӱ߹С
ԽϾԽ䣬ЬҲΪʱ߶ѩˮ˽ȥĵ䡣
ųʵȥǵԺϣߵԺſڣֶնյͻȻ֣ȥôô˵ȥˣˣûĶɡ
˵ϿϲϣһȦ˿
ӱһ·ڱﲻסˣ
ǽݣůůͣ䣬źٰѷͲȡ
䵽֣̫̫ûȥʵǡɩȫ˸ˣҹҹ֪һԺʹȥԼ˶ԭˣЩǿӲһģͱ˷ˡ
˵иСѾߣΪúã˸ӣͱˡͶˡ
ʵСѾ߸ͲŴ磬͸һ˻ԼҪףѽ
ĳ˵ʱͳһëëԽһ춼ڸҲԺ˳ȥܡ
źۣźۼӷۣˮ忪ˡ
ֶһ룬ߴ߳ԣͻȻϣֽ𣿡
ϻΪҪʲôУǲã֪òá
ûкʵֲϲ飬ֽҲӡ
ܿȡ֣̫̫Ҫдʲô
ֵдš
*
лҪ˵


29 
ֽ̿ ̨˵ˮīĥ
Ȼһſ䣬һд֣ ϲʶ֣ ˵ƶԲԣֺòãǿˡ
ܿ죬дţ 룬 ͷϵĻΣһݸϣҸᣬܿϺ¬ϵˣ͵鸮ϣ Ǹϵ̫̫֧Σ ׵ġ
ãϱһ͵֣صذźδ ȷһλá
¶⼸յĵһǳЦдʲô
ҡҡͷʣ ˻ǺͿͿĺã̫̫Ầǣ Ǿˡ
ֳ˿źۣҺķЩ飬 ϸ ¥ζһΪļٻ Ҫȥұ¥鷳
Ŀɿڴ¥̫̫ļױ ôٻ Ī̫̫Ūˣ
ǰĶǻʵĺûɫ ԴӼϰѳ֣Ķȫˡ
¥Ѹǵֵ룬û˱ںǵѾҪˡ
ְһøϣ⣬øϴţҪ֮͵
ãϰҲã̫̫Щҹʱ䣬ͳʵ͵Եġ
˵ֲ˵ͷԷȥ顣

ҹˡ
ҹԽԺҲããһƬ
ֽǮĻȡůȥӵ̫̫Ѿĸˣǽڳġ
СͭСӵŲ֦·ǶƬ
ĸùľ룬װȫҡ
ַ汧¥ѸԼ⼸ׯӵĵѹԱߵĸŸʽָӡ鶼óӣһֽǮ˷쳣ȥǡ
ڲ뿪ܱߣ߶ֽè߽
һ죬ԾʬѾװ˹餣׸϶ֳִĶӣ϶ڻһȦ
ӵһֱСģŹײ
ذͷϵİȡ£Լͷϣ̫̫ǿȥɣжүأū澲¡
̸ʱҲڣʵʵ͸˵ĳʵӣȻҵҲ¡
ûҭ
ֶԳʵ۶˷ӼٰҾС
õ̫̫̫̫ʱ¡
С
ӣһһȤ
ֱӣȥԺתǴһհԼõģѧèУǱ߻һ߹ȥ
ӿϲ֮ɫ಻ס̫̫ˡ
ĸˣǸˣȵĿⶼֻϡ
棬ǳΪԿס
ְӽϱţһҵӵģʮǩ
ǡڲ
ӼǰūﶼʵֵˣһӶûҪΪС͸ǲһĴʶֵ£ǽԼһ֣˺ôľѧ˵ǳԵۡ
ǳԵѾǳٺ͵һֱɨĻΪĲҲƾǳԵۣʶϸļˣõֵʶ׬һʮ궼ܲӡ
ҸοʹģĶӡ
ӱʮܱ꣬ȥ־ǧʫ˵޵ģһΪļҶСš
ֻ֪ԼūŵĶӣעһ˿עԼһ쵽ͷҲǸź˵
ԣģǰؼδϣ
⣬ֻҪֿڣܰ쵽ģһ졣
ȫµ飬ʶ֣Լɶԣ
ûɣΪʱ̫ѾЩ˵ֽŵݸ
ַӹֿûûСһҵ飬ӡҵġ
ʱСǱץְģӡЩᣬӼǵ
ƣ̫̫Ĵ£Сû
˶಻סˣǵ飬ûе飬һһóǡ
ֶΪ׵ӵǣȫҪ⼸ǶŵãֻҪϴʹһ
ҲҪʲôֻѼΪʵ˵ͳɣֵʱһᰲȥٸǵ·ʱǾȨɱǡ
һˣǾ뿪ɣȥȥúùԼӡ
ָ˵ʱǾЩΣգūźӵͷѾ̽ǵԺ
һ˵ǾͷӦˣǰֻҪƽգȨǵġ
ӵͷֱ֤ã߾͵̫̫źţ̫̫С߻ʮˣǶСεùˣǵ顭
ͬʱ
ã
һ紵ֲݺݱס磬ﺬԵˮȥɣǱ߲֪ôˣ˷ֿɲˡ
ıҪСССģҲҵź·ء
տʵֵӶøһһ麹ؿڷŹײĵĳĵϣҵ̫̫ӵСųˣҺҵ߻ˡ
ûȳЦЦˣ´һš
߹ȥŵİԼͷϣץһֽǮŽᱡֽǮһ¾ȼָ⡣
ָܲʹѾľˣû֪
˻˿Ҫʳʵղûʲô˹Ժſ͵سӰӣԺƮ
ʵˢȫףɵǿؿڣֲ㰴ϡ
Ӱ߽ᵽ˳ʵղŵĸо
һʳУһϿǼһģüôˣү˵ˣ
үܵʲôãʵΣɴһƨڵϣҲʲôɾɾˡ
Ϸ˸ۣҲǷ̶֥ĵӣ䣬ү
СöʲôԼ𡣡ʵӻֳֵ֣ŵأ«һ
ոȥ𣬵Ϸǵ
ˣ߶ŵӣʳͷĻȺز˰óй̵Ĳ
˺ͳʵ۾ˢˣһȭͷİӿԣٺһȵĲˡ
ʵһ߶ĴָүȢŮ˺ðͳӣֵ
һ߶ȥҪ̫̫⣬ҸͰӣҸʹ°壡
Աһһ۵ص̫̫˵òԣӵһֱ˵үθڴ԰ôһ㣬˵үϲ԰ײˣ÷ɲ˺Ͷ
һ˵ϵһˡ
ʵٺЦүãϣ̣һڡ
Ѿһӣһݸϡ
*
лҪ˵
һһ


30 
ϳ ˹ϳʵĳ࣬Ҫ΢˹һЩ һӳʵڣ ڡ
ҲкŴӿУҲһеĳԷ
֣ϺӿĿɿڴ ɵ㿴ҿͷ һЦ
Ǿˣôӵ˶ôֵġ
һʳаȫֻ꣬ˡ
һСĿӣʲôҲǳԵģ
Ŷͳ֣ ѿӴ򿪣óĶ Ѿ߸ϵļ˫ӺͻϥԺϲʡ
ֽӹ ĺʵ Ȼͨ߻ʵ ϥҲǣԴϥǹס
ϵѾ߻
ϸǸأ ȫһ
е⣺Һͳʵѣ Ѿߵʱר߻õģ Ȼܸϱָ̫̫ıȣ ȹ£ ϱѣ ̫̫
ʵضϵĳ£Ź̫̫ɣʵһ˷ܵظֵ̫̫֪ȥ·ӷһ𣬶Ӽȥֶû·
̲ۡס߻ãԴү˵·ӣЦüסض
ϰôͻϥӳʵϣûȥջ𣡡
ʵƢذѻϥϰϾʹ
ϲ˳ʵֵģϺӵҲ뵽ˣߵʱ˵ţǻϴģʱٸ

ԾȥϢܿʢﴫϵ׽ЩĶǰȥ䡣
ȻҲ֪£һʱ뵽֣ߵĳͻȻȣ˼ҩҲûãסȥֵĽŲ
հ̫ҽߣС˽Ϸˣ鸮ϵˣ˵һҪֽ
ûֵϢæ˴
ŵԺһεСˣȻ¸Ҳ鸮˰鸮ֱһһ£Ŷ֪š
ﲻֹͣԼ̵ķԸܴط˰ɣôʶķˣԼһϳȥô죿
ţոոͨϢ˿첽߳Ƿ˽Ͽȥл㡣
С˵أԼ۲ʶ̩ɽز¶ء
æȥ
˽ſڣһСˣصʲôʲˣ˵˵̫̫ôˣ
С㶣ˣСǳ¸ߵˣ֮ǰһš
̣ɻɲʶ¸Ķ̣˰˸Ӵһϵ
һǳ¸ˣ
ּˮһСɫͻȻһϣø¸̣ˣ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôһ־ͰطĿۣ֪ԼĿ۵˾Ȼ޲ھȥ¸üϵ
ߵСˣҷ˻˵ʲô𣿡
С˱ղŷŵ¸̼֣ȴ룬ʵʵص̳˽Сİ͵ûˡ
Уȥ̣˵˵֮ȥ죬úչԸ
⻰ʵǽ֮ڣ˵֡
˲뵽Ҫʵûа취ֶ᲻ԼߵˣţҲ͸ӽ
ϵСߣڵȥ¥Լļϡ
̸Щӹøˣ§סϺõķ˳̵ˮ
ѵą̃ǶվྐྵӣհɳĹӷһûΪ̬ϸ˴һ˳⼸ʶɣ
̸һ߶µο˿ǣǱ¥ġ
β̸Ŀ⼸ӡ
һаһͷС֣ȫˣ
һ£鸮ϵС˾ҰޣץʲôʲôΰĴɣƬɢһء
̸ĿѣԴĴܣʲôʲôú˵ûһҴҵĵ
Щɶǰ׻ӰĶڵѪ
˸ָŵطҡ
̸һᣬҼ̫̫鸮ϵĴ̣˿Ҫ
ʲôЦ¸̣һΪء
ˣɷ飬˵޸б¾͵ǵȥҡ
¥϶ֺţԱߵܹⷬΪˡ
ҪľЧܵǱ˰Ե˵Ǳ¥ûģҼǧļΣȥȻ˵Ǽٻҵӣֻ겻ˣҺ
ܰɣ¥һһĺãʵڣһ¥һС飬Ҷء
ƹǸˣҸըӵʱ򻹸ҷ˿ʽ

һһ˵¥ĺá
˱΢ᣬǰ¥ֹܣô˵ĺãڡ
˸ϲ̸ļϣҶ֪ı¥ǰı¥Ѿһƹˣʵʵƹ鸮ϵĴ̣Ҳ֪ǲǮȥˣüϺõθ߼
Ҳ֪ƣǽȥָԭ⼸õʯΪ񡣡
ƽղǲ𣿡
Ҳ֪⻳Ȼ񣬿޼꣬ɫͻɢȥһʯͷ˳ϣ˵ľܵӰ죬֢һ㡣
֢
ȻжĶ
Ⱥһըˡ
ǰҶܽܣٻ⳥ͺˣʯȻ˷֢ɾıƺˡ
̸û뵽¥ûᱻͱ̱ڵء
ˡ
ȫˡ
˱¥һºܿʹˣúõķ˶¥µôͻȻһӡ
˾͸˵¥ѾֵˣϱӹˣǴϱӹҲˣȥҪǮ
Ҷӡ̣˵Ȼôϱܲ졣
뵽Ծոȥ޶ŮڵĴ
üҪȥ¸ȥ𣿡
ϵһӦҺһȥ
Ժʷ˼ҲиҾĶϱʹҲȥʲôĸˣȻô
ڸѧʿ˺Ҳȥ
ǣڶϣһԱůΣƺƵȥ¸
ŵѾ˼ϵˣôԱˣֲ֧ӭȥͦø߸ߵģɶǳ¸棬˵ȥ˭Ǽֱ档
*
лҪ˵
ɣ
ǲǺֳܴ
Ҳôֳģ
mua


31 
Сĸ밲ŵһĵӭȥ һڴѬΪ׵־űӡ
ô̭ŷԳ¸Ѿ˿ʲô˳ۣһŷ Ķ
Ҽү´ͬΪһʡ飬 ʱ鲻Ҫı⣬ٵŵ䡣
û뵽ԼᱻϵЦݽӲÿѿ ڨڨ˻ȥ
˽еŷúʵ ͷǰ·
һ˸չӰڣԺǱȥһڴǰͷ
ŵɫףô° ҵ˿ôˣ
ǣ¸һض Ҳ֪ܼҵ˭ģ
ǳ͢Աˣ СʳūͳȺ ߵĶСźţǵһβ㱻ҵ ϶ŭ
ҲŵùǺЩ˶Ӧģ ʲô׵ľ
üѾߣȥô£ ӹ˾
Ѿ ûһܻ صˣ Ǳ߿ˣ ˴ˣ


Թԣ¸ǳԴҩˣ̫үĹײĻͣû̧ȥȴȸʢһݵ֡
СǣҪҪȥƣ
ϸϵҪã˵ʲôʲôů¯Ǿȥƣһˣʲô̶ѨҲá
ƫ˵ȤһͷʲôܰסǵģҲ򷢴ʱ䣬ûȥһգĵý
ɲǣһҲʲôӡ
˵ˣһĵط߹ȥԽԽֻԺǽǱ˵̫̫̫̫Ѿǹȥˣֻϴ̣˵ǳıӵˣϳˣơ
ıˣ
ǰ̫̫ûٿңڴҪ첻̫̫ʳ̫̫Ŷ飬ô죬ʲô㸺𡣡
صЩ˵ģҪʲôʲô˵ˣ㲻Ҳ˵ģ̫̫̫үٳԵóĳ⡣
˵һ仰ŵ˵˼ֱԼĶ䣬¼Ҵ̾Ȼ첻̫̫÷ǵū˼Ȼж̫̫Ծһ˼
ĳҲҪըˣһ߿ԺţЩȫһȥ´˵䡣
Ժ졢˴òɿӵõǡ
Ӷȥ챻ȺͻȻֵĹŪһŵ麹ɷ˵ǲʲôС˽û¸ûгײˡ
ʲôһӱͰˣҪɣߣ
ᣬֵµҲᣬԺһ󣬴žȥ
Щڳ˵û뵽ôҹ棬һ·Ͻʾ֭벻Լʲôʱధ
ѾǳԾȥĵգйԱԶݶ䣬Ժ˲١
Ϸ򸾺¬ϷȺˮżᣬһ䰲οһ䰲ο
ĳλԱ˵ļͻȻƤҪߵλ˵ش󺰣̾
һɱƵĽкԺȫȥ
ô˿ţҲ£˿ܣĸǳ¼Ҵ̼ϣ
ƤԽԽˣȺԼȴôҲȥĹ˶ѣɫԴݵ߹ȥ
û˵˾ʣǼϣ
ϻصǡ
ž
һֳڣ˺ݺݵһϣԺͷһ
˴񫣬žִ
һһӡԳơ
㶵ŵˣ£Ϸ˵һμ棬Ϸ˺ιɱͷ֮ˣҲ֪Լﰡ
ϱһж̫ˣֱؿҲŷӦͷԺһЩ˶Cʵڲҹͬʲôޣǵڳ´ɥ鷳ʧ緶
Ա˲˵ͣǰΪ󣬼ǳ¸̣ʲô²ܵɥ˵
ߣǿǸϱжȣôйڡ
һԱƽ˼棬ԲʲôᣬҪͼ˵˺
Ǽǳ˴޲ú˵Ѫ˵⣬˭˵ɷ飬ֻҧݣ˵ǳѵҲӦģֻǡء
ҪǸһĹԱ˴ӳ¸֪£汻ƭȥ
̹̹ظ˵ûұȷһμ档
Ͽ޵øˣ־ᣬѹ˵С˵Щ˴
޵Щ£ɫӵ˱ǰ
˵ҺͼλԼãǰ´˵䣬ȴײū˵¸̵ն¸̫̫ʳҪ̫̫̫̫´ᣡ
⻰һԺȫϣֿ̫̫
˼ԭţ̫̫Ĵϱ̫̫ãͲ׷ӹ̫̫ı¥ҵ֢ļΡ
û뵽˴̫̫
¥ĽοʽҲϳˣٷ˶һ˵ԼξȻ֢ϽøŵѾ߿Լͷûá
һ飬ȻһСķ˶˱¥Ρ
Щɫѿˣ˵Ŀ滰˷֢
ţҴǰ鿴
¹ԼЩ˵ȻҪ飬˹мʶĴվڽһǰӲˬռҩ̵մǰŵùɽ
ռҩʢΪЩû飬ȥմ
ѾϵļɫѾʼףѾߵ֡
ˣǱС˸ƭˣ̫̫϶̫үȥ̫̫ʹѣò³ʳôƵϡ
Ǳ¥˵Ǽ֢޻̸֮
Ͻֱ¥󣬰ԭƹһҺȥԼֶӲ̸Ҳֻв̸Բ񻻳ľƷȫ浽˽
ԣȻţͷһס
ֻҪҧûвƴ̫̫Сʲô¡
ͬʱָǺ֮ǣ˸ƣضҪϡ
̿Сմ򱻽ˣԺôˣһ˲ãȻǾְذЩָʾһһ顣
*
лҪ˵
һ


32 
Σ
Щ˵СĽ
ڣ ңԺ󱧴¥ⲻһЩ˭Ҳû취
ζһСɫ΢ Щ˵СѾζһ飬 СۼҲҪƭȥ
Ϊ񣬲ʵɫʯ޶ ۿȥѰʯˮͷ㣬 ɫҲΪ󡣡
ȴʯȻͬСһɸεĻ񣬡ɫֻͻȥ ˽֪ڽӴȷʵᱻ֢ ԻڵֱΪʯ
ǰ̰ͼ˴һЩ󱻵عԱڿ ֮ҷ֣ Ǹطﶼ̫ˮ Ŀ͡
һ˵ЩĺȻôЩεķɫף д˲ʱģ ɫҰֽ ץС ҽΡ
һʼ˵ĸŴ忿Ѿϵļϣԭ˵ ûƺֶΣ
˱¥εĹԱ˳˼ϵĶС
Ѿ򵽵ϣ ҡͷλˣ治Щ캦ĶǿҪúÿЩǴӱ¥𣿡
ü˵ô̫̫㣿
ŭյĹԱҪǹ˼ɳԾɥǣһü֪һССԺĿӣҲͷϣ
ҪǸԾֱ棬˺
ķҲУһЦ˵
ôɽѹƾƤٰͣ˭û
ƽŵü˿ӣȺ󲻸ҳ棬¬ϸϽ˰Ѽ̧ȥƤԲ
һǰ¯ݸѾߣ˲֣ÿİײӣһ龰͵һˣ̫̫
ʹ󣬲ȵ꣬§Ҳ§֡
Ѿ߸ϽӴ֣˺Ѳ֪ʲôԵַŵӱϡ
Ժով˻һ£ûȵ˿Ŵﱳ֣̫̫ôˣ
ֵ᣺̡̲˸̫̫ͳʳҲͶ£ֶ̫̫䣬ʵ֧Ųȥˡ
־ſϣֱֻشţóԭϸģָֺףȫǶ
ٿݡ
˶һʱʲôع׷׳ϡ

ѹʱڿʵϺʵĽɳƵؽˣӣˮ
ſڴһδ͵̧ͷѵϵΪǿ̵ļ΢΢鴤˺á˺á
Ҹ̫̫ˮ
ЩӣҲ˲٣ԭԲնȥ߰ꡣ
ˮݸ֣̫̫Щȣȥʱ䳤ȼ˳θ
Ȼʵúðֻ̣ĻһСһСڵİˮȥܣʲôطأ
ͻȻ£ȥĶˣû°ɣ
Цŵû£ȥ̫̫óԵȥˣ⼸һֱûѣҲʱȥ˵ѹӶ
ϻ䣬߾ʹŲһԲѾ߸߽
ԽԲѾԽ죬ԴͻȻһߵˡ
ԲѾ¶ϲЦū澣̫̫ǵū澣ū澵ĸء
̫̫һֱǹ̫̫ūȥ֪һ
ֵͷԲѾ߰ϵĶϣˡ
ߣﶫţܵǰ뱧֣һѶֿЦġ
ϰӹȥˣСرס֣̫̫ء
ɵѾͷıһأǰúõġ
졭ūǰȥūŻˣ̫̫ʲôū͸ȥū澲Ų¹µһˡ
˵ɥ
ֲϲ˵Щ߾ˣ˭٣
˵߰ϵˮˣҲԼ˵ĲϽ̿ˮһöºôһűˮմϡ
ϸϽֲɣŪ̫̫ˣ
ŻǽůͼˣֻһµҲ䡣
Ѿ˲룬ϣιȥ󣬷ʲô£
ǻҡѾߵĴӵ߽һҲߣţˣ̫ҽѰҪҪٳҩ
ֵĸ׻ţҲ˲͡
ͷֶҲ˱ӡ
˵һǧһллҲ֪˵ӿ϶ϣ˵Ŷ˲֣ˣȫˣٳҩҩˡ
˱Ҳһ㶣һ̵ˮȽ̫ҽ̫ҽ˵ԣҾ͡
һ˿
İ壺ҾͰѸǹȫǾǺҩ
һ˲֪˵ʲô
ҲЦãԣҪҿޣҿмܲס
ˣ淢ʲôôҴԸˡ
˵ǴӣϱӶʡ͵ĵƣ˵˵ȥҴߣҪڳ¸
ȴŲܰҲ˵ʲôżѾӴˡ
˵ƮƮһԴ£ģ
˻δģǲҶҶ֣ûκΡ
ֶĴָϵͽˡ
¸ʲôˣԾɥǻû꣬Ͼͱͱ˵ĻŰ̫̫
˰ˣֱڳ¸žžȶ⣬ȵù󣬷ˡ
𣬳¸ǳˮˣ˱֮Ψֲ
ָһϢǴϱѾ´ˣҪѲƤǲܵġ
˭İ
ϰ֣ɲңķҲڱ¥˻ΣȥͰ˵ˣҲ֪ô˵ģûų´˵ɥǣͰ˾ȥˡ
˵ϱеʱ̬ٳȫûˡ
¸ˣϺͳʵֶûʲô
³ʲô
ЩӼϵΪɵ뵽Լɽ±¶᲻ᣬҲǼΪ
һжƺ˳£ܾĶԾĵײδ׷¡
ó˽ûǰ£ʲôأ۾ֱˡ
˼ϣҡҡͷûʲô
ȻûʲôǿԵ㶫Ѿ˵ϲ̿ڵģг˺ЩԵù߲
֣ˣ
һô𣿡
Ҫ·ȳȥˣƿſź£ϣأʲôϢ𣿡
Ѿӳ¸ظˡϴȥĹٸԼ鵱ٺһ˾ˡ
Сֶߵ̫̫ãʲô㡣
*
лҪ˵


33 
ǰ
Ըá
¶֪ Ҳ֪ԶĬû˵
Ҳǳ¸̫̫Ծң סС£ ȴܳõסȥ
˲˳Ծɥǿаϵĳ£Ȼ
ǲԼ۵ġ
ֵ·һðģ Ծ ˴ɫڴҲɫѣ
һ˵Ŀϣ ϣÿƯ˶׽ ɶ֡
˵߿֣ð⣬ 
źԱ߿ֲ֧ˣ ̫̫֪ôԷôˮˡ
ԸЦ̣ȴ麹
 ˣأȥĶˣ
˵һȥѩ
ԸǶ޸ĸֿۡ־£ ѩǸһѩĺõط ÿ˶Ҫȥסһʱ䡣
֪˰ִͰ˰ ɼжġ
ڿ£ ˵ȥѷ˽
մ ֽű ſǻ
ȻǼΪҲǸϸļÿհʱϳʱîǲϢ
ڻǶ
֪ǧССģԼԺȴˡ
˴ѩͿڿϣ۾Ҳ֪˯˻ǱĿ
߹ȥڿһߣ£۾û㵹ˣүڹû
ôˣ
˼Ժգ򲡴ѡ㣬Ҳ̸λ
ȢſҲţëȥûͷѡ޴־Ÿƽƽ
˶⣬ȰȰ
ͿˣǷڡ
ʵ֤ûѡôʼһûвС檣Ůȫġ
ϵֱ˵ɳȥ˲ȡϵӣ̧Լϥϣһࡣ
һ˫ҲΪÿһۣеί֣ԪǸ蹷Ҳ֪ǹɽˣĵʱͻȻ˵ȥ¸£ʲôϱ֪ŭ¸壬üһ˵Ļ˵þʡ
֣Ԫ򣬸Ͳ࣬Ҳǹӵ֪ܳô£Ը
Ҳڴ鷳רҼëƤС
˼ֲ֣ǻʲôӦ
ϵ˼ԾΪ͢¶꣬Ҫٳ¸
ʲôͣˣҪȥ¸
Ҳֲǡ
ˣʱܼϵǾ졣
Щ˻϶˶ֻһƢԣԶɣǿӲԦ֮
ڱ߹פʱ˲ʤֵ̣µľ**໽УǻûҳǯƣЩӱεİΣõãɲʲô
ҵĲӶģԴֻһţۿŴȥʵˡ
ԾǻһѶԸҵĵϰ˲¡
˲ֹʱҲûȥ
ĪǣԾеʲô
ȣ֪̫̫Щ飬ϼٳ¸ܲڣ˵и׼
üͷʲôʱ򣿡
ա
ʲô¶һٻHطҲ֪˭ҲסִֻЩʲô
ǣοϹˣ̫̫Ǹ
ǰһ㿴ʲôˣ
֪Լүи˲֪ı¡࣬û
ЦŴչȥ˵˵ʲôࡣ
ϲǰ԰ڣҡͷԵص̫̫࣬ѰɼɷСɷԳ
̫̫ɷɲͬǵøѹס
ԾأֶڻƲƲ죬Լүοܿˡ
Ծƶ˷ϣѹסôصɷҿģûС
ͻȻס죬ʲô
ǲ뵽ˣ˵˵˭뾡Ӱ˹յֶߴһʱա
Ųӣָָ졣
˸տʼûӦüŪ۵ģסԼ죬յСλ
ǿˡ
һܿ˵ֻ˵λòǼģĺã˭ùء
˰һۣ˵Щûõġ
Ͻʮģʮߣֱ̫ҲС˼ꡭ
˵˷ϻתͷͰЩˣѾ߸׼

ϼ٣̫ȵ¸ȷΰݵ
˳Ծ˶ûϣ̫С
ǻûӦ̫Ƣһ飺ϵ˶ˣϵİΣǶҪģǳ˲أĴ
վǰͷĳƽһ֧֧صϵ̫̫ûڸС
̫̫ǳ´˵ңҪڣ֮ǰð̫̫ӻ

ƽֻõͷȹ̫һߣϲϻųԾĹͣٳ¸ֻҪǸӡĸ˵
һַ˭ȥ̫̫
Ϊǻûȥϣ
һ㿴ҿ㣬ĿϺͳʵϡ
ϺǺһЦȥ̫̫̫̫ׯӵ˲Ÿȥ
ɩڲ˵Щʱ򡣡¬ϳûѪɫϸǳǳЦһˣһپ٣һ𣬶ɩҲ˵Ļǲ̫̫ӻĲֹ
ãҶû࣬ʶҲû㣬һ仰˲ʧġ
ǣҺ̫̫׽׽׽׽룬Ҫ̫̫ίȥ
Ҫҽ̫̫ҲԣֻҪ¥Ѹ󣬻г⼸ׯӶ̫̫ȥ
¬ϵЦԽԽӵӺׯ˭϶һТ̫̫̲ĳԺȡ
üյ˵Ͱȫøұܣһ
ϾûôƤߵڰ׵ˣʲô˭ﶼһԼǮƳҪǮһ
ϣ¬ڱס¶ԭ
ٻ֮ңûѳ˳Ծ˿̼֮Ůϡ
ϲ棬ܲˡ
гͥһŲˣشӦ¬ʲô
ۿâƽԲʱԼ˾ͱȥˣϽ³̲Ҫ¡
¬ϣ¥Ѹ̫̫ļױֻǴΪ̫̫Ӧġ
¬Ц˵չס
չ˵ǣֻҪ̫̫ѸҾ˳
¬˦֣չ㡪
˵䣡
չҡ
ȥ
չʵһиڼң¬ǿƣҲҷԣͻȻӲ˼˵۾
¬͵˺ѷεؿԣһӣѾ߸Ͻסιҩ衣
չȴֻԳƽϷ򸾵¥ѸҺʹ紦úãɩȥԸ̫̫ɡ
ȴǷڣ־ݣԺٲֱ¥ѸԷԺʲô⡣
ƽͳչЩڨڨģû뵽֪˻뵽־ݣƬ̺Ӧˣдһ־ݣӡøϡ
־ݣóʵȷɣŲ뿪
ֲϳĳʵԼҷͶأѽô뵽־еģ
β̵ͣؿ־ݣ̫̫˵ûЩӶ˸أµĸ˾ǿһ־ݱסԼĶ̣ź«ưû뵽á
û뵽Ҽ̻ⱾأʵЦøշһԲĶӣҷм飬˸ȥ
ֻѧأ
ʵû뵽յԼͷϣҾͲ˰ɡ
ϻ
ʵϽִӶ̬ȣѧѧɣʮ꿼Ż̵ӡ
ðŵء
ʵһ˿ϣԼǷ˵ʲôʲôӣô˵Լء
ԼԼ£ã
һ棬һݣȥ
׺ó־ݣϺͳʵĸϡ
һ;øԼҲһֽŵĻȲԾСЩŷͨһ
ŷһһ̬ӣȰǵˣǵ⣬Ȼȥͨ
ϺͳʵŷˣݺĽ
Ĳ˵˸ϵ˹ãҵЩûΡ֮ǰԼԼֹ˵λӣˮһĵطҪֻۻĵطͰŸǮˣ˵ġ
󷿵ң߶Ҳûá
ϵȻ֪ڵҪ˵ҲȥˣּҹԼԺʲôʲôҲøʳ
˵ģ⣬ʵһ
ͳԾû飬Ȼ鲻ôĥĥȥҲûˣּҹȷʵҪںá
ȥŷˣԱ߻ԲѾߣԲѾ߸˸񣺡¶ү¶̣Ƿ롣
ʵϸȥ̨ͤˮ鿣ѩ
һȥͿԱߵ֣̲ס¶Ц
Ѿ˵ޣЦŵžиģ̫̫
Ϻͳʵǵ˵ӢˣƤýأ밲칬ˣ˵Ҫٳ¸ص̫̫ȥ
Ŷϵģԭ¾ӣû¾̫̫š
ǲǣ챿ؾͰ־ݴӶͳŵǰİϡ
ǰû̫̫ڳ¸ţҲοһЩ
òҲֻܾ̫̫Щô¥Ѹ̫̫ļױǰЩӱ󷿺ȥǻˡ
Ժ̫̫˲߶ţȼ¶ˣ̫̫
˵һһۣ±˲Ļ
תͷֵһѴڣҵҲܷһЩ
ڿ־ݵصͷǺõġ
СãǷ޶չˣûǣҪѹࡣ
վﻹ£ҾͲˣ㣬Ǳ徲һ۾ۡ
ĶѾպˣļЬ࣬Ҫȵҩ
Ҫָ˺ͷѲٶóЩֻͷ
Ȼᣬ֪ػҪ˶þܼ棬ͷȥɣʲô¶˹˵һǰƵԼŲ˵һգԸĴžΪ㳨һա
֮Ե־ôЩദʮ꣬Ȼüë۾㿴ңҲ㡣
ҲֺģһʣԽദԽס
ָ˰ݱ𣬻ػȥ
Ըݣ˸ѹڵϣ΢
ԼԽԽԶԸطӡ
Ը¸Ҳֵľ룬ûͣ
ų¸Ĵţ̧߽ȥ
տżƽ֪ðƺǹػǰ񣺡̫̫밲̫̫ЩӣҲҹҲ룬ҲԲˡ
*
лҪ˵


34 
ֱһ ʶһʲô
ƽһֱֻһֺֻСʱģ ֻϧƣ ɫƣͷдάƵһ̫̫гΪŹ֡
˵ִǰԳƽӡҲãΪЩҲмᷳ
ˣ ˵Ļ ôȫٲ˼Ӧʺݡ
ڼϱץµǰ˵Щ޶˵˵
ƽûֶԶ Ӹս˰úúɨһ飬̫̫ȥҪõģ ֻܽ˵ȥ
ֻҪ̫̫ˣ Ӳܺá
ִһ׵ļаȹ Ũܵͷȫȥ¶ľ
еطֳƽĿԼϣ ɫ΢ظʵϴ˸кá
ҲĲѰ ݺС̫̫ ү
˶ žͷġ׳ƽĿﺬŵʲôˣ һ뵽ⶼȹ θӿ ǰҲ;
磬ƽ밲ֵڿġ
ÿζҪĲȣ˵ݵĲԺӵĲһ

ӣȥҼˣЩΰȫϴһ飬ϴϵ̸ͷҲҪˣӹµġ
ԭΪԼˣٻҲ
һֵķԸ֤ԼͷǵǶԵģһĶŭɽңҲʮ˲
վţ磬ӽɨϴһסȥ
Ҳʱŷô塣
ѩ˻żѾ̸˵شÿضҪ浽ҹߡ
ǶϺҲڡ
ڱֲǰ¾˯ţ۾ʹ˲е˯⡣
ɸ˯û
̫̫
̫̫ˡ
Ժ۾˿⣬磬ôˣ
ϰѴýʽʹҺãٰ̿ȵ·ùϽҪ٣Ҫ׼š
ô磿
춼ûģ˿ʲô
ͷֹһι͹鷳ˣ鷳ˡ
һ仰˴̫ǻ
ЦЦ̫̫֮ǰ˵ԼȻϿ𣬽ǿĿ㿡
ﻹء
̫̫˵ĻﶼϾСʱһЩϸ֦ĩڵС»ǵá
ִ·ϴ֬ҪҴúÿһ㡣
ãԱȻϻÿô˵ʵĻ׵ļаȹ¶ˡ
ִҴҳ˵㶫źǷóûţͿȫľͷ׮Ƶվ쳤˲Ͽ
رϺͳʵӣһ۾ܿĻơ
߹ȥϣҵأڻûеõȡ
ϿװֵϳЦݣĻ£̫̫жߣòÿ
Ҳ£ӣкǳİڣԱĶ̫ǣܼϡ
̫ò϶ˡ
УӣҪɱͷġ
סӣ۾ɵôģ̫̫㻹˵
ʵֻĺˡ
üۣͻȻ̫̫ͺܺãϱ˵˵򷢴ʱ䣬Ƶûš 
ʵͻȻѴԴչ̫̫˵ʲôأ
ƿԼȦ˵㲻̫̫Ļʣո·ϻ
ǰƱĳʵ˵ˣĵذͷȥ
ֿӣƫƫͷߵҼƻԺͲڸסˣź˰ᵽׯȥҪʲô뷨ҲһȥһЩ߶
̫̫ô˵ôã̫үһ⸮סҲûʲô˼
ǲ֪ʲô뷨
ӵĵˣİ嵽¶вʵģˣ˵»㣬ֲʣôˣпõĶ𣿡
ûأ˵ϳòУү˺üϿĿĿϲ˼ҳòÿ˵ѧһ㣬ȥû䣬ۿŷͷʮĴˣˡ
»ҲڣŮ٣ýϰȹ
ǽĹҲ˵ʲôֻϵԵֻûЩ޷ģҪԼϲӵ
󷿼ϱץȥȱƽӶϱԼﶼڡ
ϳʵͳ»㡣
࣬¬ϳչԼϱﶼ߰˸
ŰŴ˵СС룬ʼҵĹأǱ컹
ͻȻһ뻮һļ᲻ŵĽŲ̫ཫһĺ£ӽֵͷ̵¸ǰ̫꣬ʱһ˲ȥ
һ̣£ĴСߡ
һĽֺĹӺµľͷƹ
˽ǹƵĹŮżϢ࣬ʮ͸ߴ̧̫Ľ׹Ǹ߸ߵȡ
νķĪǡ
*
лҪ˵
칤е࣬Զһһ㣬Ǻٺ


35 
ꡣ
¸̫ʾ¿ͷ ټĽֵϣһ˿
ƽһӵϴΣ ֻǵһϵ
ͷų¸˵һߣ ĵ۽ǵ⿴ȥ
ֻƽȶ䵽ϣź̫һֳַһ쵽ǰ
һִֻȻ¶ˡ
XһɫﰵƤзۣ ˼ԲԽƽ䣬 °ڼϥĺںƤ֣ͷϴ˶ñ
ãüīһ˫ Ӹͦ㡣
Ǵûеڶܴ۷Ϊĸɽĵõˣ ¶쳾 ֻ𻯶ɡ
ſţ Ժסһͷƻģ Щʮ¶Ųζء
ޣ
ʲôʱ˸Щ
ͻȻӦԼʲôϽһģ ʵʵصľӡ
Xǰ ¸ں һߵԺ
ΪҪӭݣ ƽչԺ˲ٶ ˵ϲʵЩò֣ ڵĻ֮ǰ
X˴ӵλְչأų¸ʮٴοͷ
˵ɣԾӶʲôʱ򡣡
⻰ǳƽشģû뵽ȻսսŲڡ
ֻǰһػϣ˷ʦµ׶ʮġ
ǳԾķˣ
ǣ֣ϡ
Ǹɣҹÿʮ
ȫһʮʱΡ
Ǹ۰дʮƪ¼ױдĸ׻
ĸ̲ţʮҲ֪٣ʹﾹȻУ
һ£ˡϿǷʮһҳ½ǣһ׶ӡ𣿡
Xû뵽ȻԼǰ⣬۾ޡ
ֵǻϿʮͲˣ˳дġ
㿴ʮ
էһ׵ֺĶ̲ס˵䣬ֻӲͷƤǼҸҸдʮʱСԼմīְҳϣԣī֭ӡģǼҸʮ
ֺϵһ˶Щ
黭˫ȥʮ꣬Ȼѹͷһ̩ɽ
ᵽˣеһˣᵽֻ뵽
ʢȣĶŮԵ򵭱ֻܴԼԼһӣȴ֪Ů
ȥ֪治ڵĺӵȥǳ޽š
û뵽Ծķ˾ȻԳġŮ
ƽ˸Ŀɿڴ˭ɽԺԺ
о仰УǧɽԺռһǧŰپʮţ͢вٹԱɽԺѧӡ
ô궼û̫̫̫ү£Ҫֻ֪̫̫ȥ߸ϵγû¶
ƽͳչĿȣٰʮ뷨﷭ڡ
Xʴ˼ȥڵϵĳ¸ֱһ˵ӰӣŴӵ
գգۣˣ
ߣһĹ򶼲ǹ߰˴Ρ
֪Ϊӭӻϣ˶ǻǮãǸŹѧأ첻硣
־֣ӵ´˸ĺǷΪأ˵ϻ¸˻ӳ¸ǰ߹ҫ

һģüյϧˡ
ϧʲô
ϱСûһۻϳʲô
ִظüëҿˡ
ϴչ̫̫˵˵ϳʲôģ
ţ룬ͱҲôһ㡣
룡
û뵽ôۣ̫̫ò˭˶ҪóϷģϾȻ̫̫˵ֻһ㣬жÿ
֪Ϳһˡ
ֿ֪ʲôЩģ⼸˵ʱҸղŸ˵İȥׯס¶ͳʵ˸Ҹ𸴡
ԾĹײѾͣС£Ҫ롣
Ҳ·ͷͷϱȥͺ͸̫̫ػ

ӳ¸ţһ·϶վء
뿪¸󣬻Źн
ԱߵİͻȻһݺݵش˸飬Ҫסһ
ͻȻڰͷ·ʱϵXԾĶϱϣڴ£
Դհһ˲Ͻ﷭йسԾϱϢǣչ˵ķ˴ֳ¸Ҵ˳ԾϱıŰ˽ȥԼҡ
֣ԪԻϲԩʮ꣬ϰֵطС鷳
ǣϾȻ£
ù죬ϵXֵɸȥ£һССİҪôЩʱգٺ»Υ
ǡ
Xʮ꣬Ƕ˽X
磬֪Ϻ̫󲢲׽̫Ϊ϶Ľ֮飬ĸ֮ǯƻϣʵѶ̫ɱģȰ¶꣬ڿҪѵӹȥˡ
ٱ磬϶Ժ˭һ
Щһߵ΢Сĺ񱡱Ǵʲôɫ·ġ
ϲɫԽԽϲϲԼϲ˴
ϧǶΪŻϴɫΪֵĻġ
Уϸղڳ¸ָڵĺںë˵еǸ˼
ԣôٳ¸ĳˡ
֮ǰ֪˭˳¸֪ˣһǸոɷТ̫̫
˶˵βΣһТ
̫̫ǲΣǽо֣˶ϲľ֡
Ǻ󹬼ǧĻ϶Ҫľ֡
ǣ԰Իϵ˽⣬Ҳ͵ˡ
ΪϾһǲ֮ĸˡ
ϸϸţɫδ䣬ʵֱ֡
ֱӵĵհXҲ֪վ˶õĻʺŸ¯ǰ檸밲
ô⣿
Xһ̧ۣĵߣ֪ĹأҸȥֻŻؾȥ¸Ļصŷůůӡ
˵ţ¶ŮúױµĽյ
Xָ°⣬ӹŮϰѽյӹϵʺϲ޳ҹʳϰߣūýȥȻʲôʱˣūȸϳԡ
ǳǳЦţҲ׷ģֻǾͷˡ
ȻXңңһݣŹŮԼľʹ
İߵXߣݸС̫࣬XϣҪȥĸСǶЪϢЪϢ𣿡
ãѣû
ǡ
*
лҪ˵
һˣ


36 
ϼٳ¸¶һʹǣ ЩԭԾһ¼ҾҪȥҲµŵ䡣
Ͼʥϵ˼Ѳ£ҪԳԾһֵģ ̧ٳ¼Ҳһ
˭ҲԸһ·
ԺҲõء
ΪԾɥ¾һ Ŵ¹۵߽ʣ˭ǳ´үƽ
ƽظƽŶϻĺԺԱ˵һµˣ· ֮ӵļӣ ߹ȥҾǣ֪λʲô¡
ʲô£ôŵģҲֻг¸̼ϵ¡
Ķ˾ Լϰţ֪ͷˮǳ
Ǳ˲У ҲǽϿ
Ͼô˵Ҳǳ¸Ĵ̣ Ծһʡָ ܽ˵Ǵר߲¶
Ҫٳ¸Ϣһοӣ Լûżæذ참ûף һСԵ£ ԭģԭشһ仰
һ亹 æС浽ʲô˼ ⵽Ҫػǲš
Сǰĸɶӣ ˴ĲٵТ ˴伸䣺ɵǶ˼Ҫ죬һðİ졣
ˣ
ǶǵĻĥ˰ԣǵɳ¸ˣ
СЦ˴ˣҪۼҶ˵
ǣҹϣ¸ͨ
ƽʮþȼ£ͷ츻
˿˿Χˣ´үҪҸط˵
ްҳƽһ䣬ûʲô˵ġ
ȰȰƽִˣֻõ񣬲Т㩣ǧʬǾ͵񣬲ûؾ
һڳƽͷϣɫڳģҪˮ
ҡͷܣ컹..
ƽЩŤʴˣλǲŪˣôᱻأᱳŵġ
˶ԳƽΪǶѾѵˣҸط˵Ҹط˵ƫƫš
ǰ²Ǻ
ֽӲûеľǧҪʲôڳţѺһҪ̣ʱ򡣡
Ǽһ뻹ƽ˵ûȵĹԱϢ߿
ԱСԭΪϻ̧٣û뵽һ
Ҿ˵ˣæ
治֪´ôһѲݰǿǳ¶үûУιҵ죬ء
쿴ֻӬ˵ģŵķ
϶ָĵطɻ󣺡ûа̫̫ǲǿˣĲӬ
ʵѾ֪˵ʲô˼ֵϳЦݣ
ԱָֻɣЩŭһ˦ˡ
ŷӦֵԭ̫̫˵ǣոպʹ˵أӦѰɡ
ӣǷʲô¡
߹ȥÿµ뿪ϵһһ߷ųƽ
Դӷƽòʾ˵뷨־Ͳ˵
϶Ҳûʲô飬ֻгʵʣôˣҪҪ
ϵ֧֧ĵոմµ˵˵ﱻǧ
Ƕ֪Ϊʲô֪֡
һϢֺ
ǧֱŵĿຮ֮ȥˣ˵·ϾǧգǽҵҲҪÿմ
ţôˡ
ƽȫָӣӴԺ󣬲ǳ¸ûˣ
ô˵Ҳҡ
Ҫͱңʰȥ
ƽ˫ͨ죬̫̫ǶӵĴûûĶĳܿˣǶӶԲ㰡
Ժ˾ͿƽںޣҪϹ
ȴתһߣֱԹߵ
ƽϵı鶼ˡ
ͼƲϵӰ쵽Լû뵽ָС
ΪΣֻڵװΡ
ԾĹľŵʱ䳤ˣѾ˵㵭ʬζ
ڵϣ˺ֽǮ˺߷ŵӳ
ʵ߹ԱߣҲա
𣬲һ̨¡ʳʵ
ʵҡͷǰϿҺﻹиܴܵڴܱߵھ˵ԭЩصģΪ˹飬ȫˣӶõϡ
ΪҰˣȥ˼Ҹɻæʳϴ·
϶ңԵǸܵܳʣģǲҪġ
Ҳʲô
ʵڹȥȢϡ
СֵʵʱϲСҪһӣһǴӦϳס
˴٣ˣ˵䲻ңҪȢһ
ǣҲһڿˮһӣûӦܵضһ㣬˵ʱ˵仰
ٺˣȢ̫̫
һʼҺǿܣΪҵһӣһ˲ͷϵĲݶûãȢһźǶǾʱ־ã˰ɡ
ʵֶնյ屻յģĿڳԾĹľϣҺһЭִЩЭõһЩ̸ʲô뻵ֻһںͰġ
̫̫ܹʲôأǴˣûҾ
ʵǸˣ˵ûʲôŸɣ첻ʲô£ˣҲԼ
ҲʵʵظԾһҹû飬ľǰδϹ
ֽֿǮ˺ˣ¨һµĸֲǹ㣬ԭŽء
ٺ٣ʵЦȻ£ֵ̫̫Һˣ͸̫̫ᵽׯȥׯӾ͵ģȰͷԣЩͻ
С֪ǲӿ϶ɡ
ԴԾ󣬾ȥׯӹӵͷϡ

ڶ죬ʮġ
ŷʦһ죬ƽǰˤ裬˸˰ѳԾĹļ̌ࡣ
Ů춼ڰһһޣڹľͷߡ
ԾĹѡ˳һɽϣǰͷһӣ漸ɽר뷨ʦķˮء
ֿ޵ɤӶˣӺϲԱߣֱԾĹľŽĹңһϵз£Ÿ쳹׺֮ǰɽ
ͷѱڰֵķĹ͵ϻдֽǮƵظӺϵõ˫ĹԱ߻š
ѰĹĹңһȷŽԱߵĹҡ
һ˰ֻ֮ҪһߵĹҰѹײͽȥС
ԾԺֵĹײҪŽȥĻѷڿ˵Ĺľһ
*
лҪ˵


37 
ǰһ֦Ļ ϰõİϵȫӽٴԱ߹
Ĺأն˶˵룬 صʱ߶
Ծɥһ ͳ
տʼǼΪ̫࣬ɤ۶ˣֻܺȵȽⶾˮˮò׻ָ ϽӴϺȥԺóԵġ
ߵ¸ţ ¬ߵײϣ󻹸۵ĵʿ
˵һ񣺡̫̫밲
ûʲô飬΢΢ͷ뿪ˡ
ΪСʱ£ ԵʿʦûʲôӡƲ⼸첻Һоҵʿ ū澿пء
¬Ӳﶼ֪ģ ҲûҹЩ
ǿûʲôã İʲôӣ һǲҲҵ£
ʲôʱ򣿡
Լʱһ̣˯죬 л㱵 ˵ ȥ
ûа ͷ һҹ˯ һû
ūҲûû˯ôˣûҹͻȻ˵ӽ𴲺͸оǹɲԾĸоҵˡ
ǵģҹûҹ
ʹˣÿҹﶼҹΣҹ˯̫һζû
ԭΪֻżȻҲ˵˯졭
ôˣʡ
صص̫̫ǽҪעһЩ˶Ǳߣġ 
ָտʼûӦܿ˵ҹҹǡ
˾ŲʮҺ˯ôӦǱֽţū澺Ӹһ˯
ֵͷͰ˵ģǽ˭װŪ
ŵĺ鱻ƻִӺҵطš
·һʳӵʱͻȻ𣺡֮ǰ˵ҪڳʩӣæõˣվͰ˰ɡ
ؽ͵ǸԼЩ¡
ڲŪ̵ƹ񿴵æӭλҪЩʲôʳӻ룬ûеģҲ
ǴǼĳѩĸˣֶǸɰĺӡ
ֿ˿ѵʳﶼʲôף׼Ƕ٣
֪׮ⲻСߵǴףǽף΢΢ɫֽһף𡣡
ָϽ֣ȥʩģôõ׿̫ࡣ
ԭȥµģͷףߵλãһץһ׵ݵǰǰͨף˵㣬ڸвôãû⡣
ҪÿǮǡ
һԼĪһ˳졣
ԴӴץ׿ȷʵûùζŵͷжף
꾰ãʳҲ࣬ĳСԼĪ
ôࣿһʮǧĳףûϿӣ
ʲô˵֪ȻȱףطȴȱģЩƽףֻĴһȵףֻҪСЩܳ׬ıȺ׵Ǯࡣ
ԭ滹ŵˣԸ˵ٵҶҪˣһȥʩḶ̌
ŵùңСȥʩ£žͳɡ
ӣ
˼ٵǮˣСֵʲô
ǸãһȥѾ˳ϸ˵˵¡
ʱûףɰʹ˼СĽԪֻûȥ
˵ͷ˾ܷģСȥʳȱһ
˵һְС˶۾ܳҲİˣŸ˵غ̡Ȼͷ˵ྲྀҪ⡣
֣Գ⡣˰
С˶һذԼţڲˡ
ֻ۾ðŹ⡣
˶Ǹصʵڲ˼ˣֻܱ˵
ûϵְ֣ԾԾԵʸˣܱ𣿡
߻ûֹСӣϥµʱѾ߰꣬Ҳǰ˵ʲôʲô¡
ЩҲԼţ밲ʱţʮ¶һΡ
СӼֱ
Eû뵽쳣ķ˻Ҫ󣬵ͷĶӵ뱧㣬òá
СӺˮĴ۾ӸǱ߿źƵſҪᱧͩͩʹʹ
ֱּҪɰιȥСĵذӵСòˣһ޻
ͷСӣͩͩѽ˭ȡ֡
ȢģཱུͩͩΪ˵ĶһһģͻȻ֣һһֵģ̸һúÿͩͩҲÿ
Сӣ̿ɱƯˣ֪ʲôÿÿ
˶ԼҶӣֵòɵŮѾȢĶܴʢŵǱȥء
ֱͩͩһ٣ͷ
һŰͩͩƹģ˺Ű߳ʳӡ
Ͽ̫̫Īλ˵Ļϡ
ûϣֲŮӣӡ
ʱĸʹ˼ҽ˵ܻǲס
ΪǰҲˣǶªΣڻõڵ
ЩеĹıȽȫģôЩҪʱϴķӣ˵㣬ûʲôë
ã쿪
ң˭ҪĺӣԾǻ쿴ñء
ֱȷУա
һ紵ִ˸˵ȥӰɣůůӡ
ðð껹ûһأ˵ǰ߶¿һרӵĵ磬㵽ۣǾȥ԰ɡԾԾԡ
ū̫̫С
ߣóһȣ߼ǰ
һӳ꣬ŵøʲôƵģ̵Ųӻȥߵ¸ſڣͿǽǶôһ̲Ѫѩһ
ŷ˭Ūģ
żϱţЩ˶ȥ»صλá
ܹصǶĵʿ˵Ǹаȥа
û䣬ǳȥʱĵʿֳ⼣߰ߵͭ壬װŪزŰԲż߳
Ҳ֪ʲôӵúܣſڱ˵һߡ
ǵʿҲ֪ʲôдʵΧת
ϲľЩƭƭȵĵʿʦĿʿҡ֣ͭצÿǻŸʲô˴شԺȥ
ӵ㵽ļ˵ӹģСǶҪĲǲء
*
лҪ˵
һѵϡ
Сɰ̶ܹܲʱ䣬ǲ룬ǹʱԺͻԣʱæûjjʱ䡣
Ǵҿʮ㣬㣬ԼϾŵ׶ףһᾡʱθµġ


38 
ֱֱǸʿ ֱǵʿ֪ΪͣϺӻá
߲ѣһ·һ·Ҳǣ Щ߶߶ĵʿʲôã ˵ȫɹƭģָʲô˼
øһ͹Ĺĵģ ֵֻҪûƣ Ķ
֪ΪʲôԵʿʦġ
ǳ¸ļūţϴ˸ܵܡ
ܵ˲ﲻ ֪˸ϵʿϵʿָһ㣬 ˵СͶ̥Ҫܵܳ˻Ρ
ǺͿ˵ʿĻ СӲܻ ֿӵʱѾһϢ ϯӹţıȥ
ǿǷѶ һ򿪷ǸѪģݵƤͷСŮ Ͻȥ
Ҳ ڴ²˵ һ
Կ¬˵ʿ üͷûɿ
ԤϿ˭ڿã Ǳ¬ֳŶͷ۾֪ʲô
үչһŵ߰ζһߣʲôأѬǵģˡ
¬۾ȥĶ
չڨڨЦ̲֪𣬶һʡ
¬ﴽЦǳ¼ңûöĵһϹѸСĳԺζռƾɽɽɽա
޸չ¬һʼЩϣųչĿ¶ҲͰ˷һߡ
չһģ˵ʲôҴʲô
ǣ˵ѵԡ
ϴӺ޲̫̫ϣ춪ˣҲǺãҲҧ˼һãǵճӣԺ¸ȫģԺȡ
¬һ˵ģ˵Ҳϸϸģ˵Ļྶͥ
չٺһЦ˵Ǹ˼Ҳ˵ġ
˼Ҳȥɧζ¬Ƶᡣ
չϽ֣Ҳң̾͹ˣĳĶûϵ
չû
֪¬Ǹʲôˣһ׮׮¶ɫ˲䲻ˡ
¬Цˣ֪¾ͺãǸ
㵽׻Ҫôչһ¶ƫƫˣżɫغ
ǳչԸ£֮ǰҲͳ´үƽһ˼Ӻң¬֪ʲôϵ
ֱǶ¬Сָˣ˵ҸǱһʵĳʳһҪ
¬ϵĸ˿ɲһѲʷ϶ǮϡҲࡣ
չһȤӱ߿¬ǰҿһѡ
һһС裬֭Ũ
һֻϡϾһСڣޱȡҵ˶᲻óԣרŸ㳢
չһⶫôѵã˴ҨСһţûͽ¬ϾͰסһԵģСģǴĸˡ
ǳչĻһһСһͽ
һҧȵŻ£¬Ͼ񷢷һѶȥ
ʲô
ó𣿡¬ʷ
չɤۣ³óԸƨĶôȳĶ
¬ͻȻЦôܲϲأƼǸҰְһΪϳء
չ˫۱͹ԼĻ㣬˵ʲô
ûȥŵʱǸƼҰΪȥ߸˵ظҿأȻҾ͸ǵԴ֭ûӣһʱȻ˵óԡ
ˣ
Ҷӣ
ŷˣ¬˹ذŨ¶ǣ־˲죬չҿɲǼĺԶҪб£ھȥңҪû£ԺҪôܺ**ҪôҷһƼҰ֣򣬾Ͳôˡ
չָָܻھȥ£ҪѪծѪ
̧ŽŲߣŻûżͻȻͣ
¬Ͼ֪°ָָԼԱߵλã÷ɡ
չıӰ
ת¬Աߡ
֮Ҳûҡ
չ˻ʵܲѬǵζ¬ͻȻڵ˵ϴûˣ̫̫ˣ¸ǵˣ
չһ£ʲô
¬ϰһŵݵǰ
չһۣȻ
ǺǣҲû뵽أλСûĿ治ȵСӣһλٲˡ
ԭѾ˹˹˵ĳ˴һų˵ԼѾµУ̫ҽ˵ˣ̥кܴĿǸӡ
أһǸ˷Ϣ¬ϰ£֡
ֻҪ¬ϰˣĻ¬ϲٵĺô
¬ϰŴӳչջãʽģ
չͻȻе¬ϵ̫̫Сϥ£ûûȣǽʳӣôҪ̫̫أ
¬һЦ̫̫ڣԶ֣̫̫ĺòڣЩͷϵĴֻ̣̫̫ˣ̲ܰˡ
˼չ¬ϡ
ⲻǻòдһţȥ¬
¬ʶֵģѧòֻдЩֲڵĶ
дţչȥ¬

չˣ¬ϻָ֮ǰӣ뿿ڿϱĿ
ͻȻѾ߽̣ʦˣ˵аҪܳ
¬ϱ۾᷿Ҫʲô
ǣѾվſǣĹţȥػӡ
һµĻͷǺԶԶѾߣ۾Ĺĵظͻϸϣڵ˦·𡣡
̫̫˵ѷ˵ֽ᷿
Ѿ¬强ˣ֪ж࿴εĵʿǰ·ӹȥ
ԣ״ʣƶڸпһȦֶϹʢǶסʲôˣ
ѾߵǶԭ̫үס̫үȥûʲôסˣͻȻŵ̫̫ҲǱߣ̫̫ǰµġ
̫̫
ƶɮиӦϲû֪ġ
Ѿ˫һû뵽ҵʿ汾£Ǹϵ̫̫ʮߣλүСء
ֲãƶΪҵ۳˲ء
˲Уܿ쵽᷿¬רͷģһжúˣѾ߰ѻӴ߾Ҫ뿪ͻȻںջͷͱһӭصȥ
šסѾ壬ͷĲݺݵһ
Ȳһ᷿ţֺץѾϵȹ

*
лҪ˵
Ķ
ܶСɰʹܽ಻⣬ͳһظŶܽԲࡣ


39 
¬Ҹ¼Ҳһϣ չŽӵ¬ܿͼ¬ڵĵˣ¬ϵĸ¬
¬ֻȳչһ꣬ Щ Ӻ촽¬ûһƵĵط
չָӣóչ
ǰүӻڵʱ չ¬Щ үûˣһѲʷֱģֻһƨϣ ɰͰ͵ص¬Ͻͷ⡣
˵ţ ŵݸ¬
¬Ҳ˵ӹű㿴
տһ䣬 ԭαϵļֱ
¹˳ǣ ԾСŮг˼Σ û뵽ãȻˡ
ҿ˼ ̥а˳ǻӡ
ʥϲŮɫ ɳ˻ʺ ޻ʹ λֻһɣ ˳ڴӦҲʮ
ΪϴӲҹŮ ЩҪôǱۡˣҪôͨѡŮ
õģɣʺĸκ۶βһӣѼָط
ոսĳ¹ˣȻˡ
¬˫˲ͷ
¬ҲԺչģʺй֮˵һ֮֮ҲΪ
ȨĸرȦӡ
ƴƴԴڿϣҲѲʷʢǻ¬ĴŶ䡣
¬Գչȥ˵֪һǰȥЭ
һûõ鸮̫̫¬ȫһδٻ㲻
չæǡ
ûһһͷϡ裬üĿѵ߽¬ķԸչһس¼ҡ
ʱĻȾǳǳīɫչ¬͸߽ԺͿ¬ߵĶѾżæŵԺܣסˣʲôʲô·Ը㣿
ѾүߵĴӽ㲻֪ô£ͻȻʧķ裬Ժȥ̽ȥס
ӣ
ߵʱ򲻻úõģ
Ѿü֪ô£һӾˡ
Ѿͷչ죬¬ΪϲһѾͷɵúܣЩС¬ϻġ
ôͻȻʧķˡ
չڰѾȥԼ͸ں档
һԺͿ߰˸С˺ʮѾߣ׷ԺϴӰܡ
һ˿ҡ
Ŀййץˣܰ
ֻ۾ҪɳۿӶ
·оѾСӵľƴܣй׷
¬ϱѾǻţüŴӣʻӣʦʲôӣǲǱණˣ
Ӹ룬Īصλԭһ֮ʢʱģнһΪаͱаͬˡ
л֮¬˳˴ӣʡ
ҡͷаһ壬ҲˣҲбͬΣա
ʲôӵĿֲӴĿãһ˵ɴ¬ϺԥضԻӵ뷨ӣаȥ
ЩΧ¬ϵѾߺ׷ӵСҲȺɢжԶܶԶ
ЦҪ¶
һԵĻӵȵľڣ¬ϵͷͭһҡеĴ˲ͣվԭأ˫ۿն֫Ӳ
ҡ壬ʲôѹţ˫ϥݺڵϡ
Ӵӷ赽ڣԺ˶жֲ
ۿŻһ־ôӹԹԵأ񼼵һĻĿɿڴ
ô˶סȴССͭշ
¬ϸ˫۷Ź⣬Իӵı¸ˡ
߹ȥڴϷֽסֽţص¬ߣˣаʱƶӡסҪʮղܳ
ˣѾͷǲڸС
˵¬ҲҰѴӼãŴǡ
ˣƶµСͯѳаѺصС
л
߶ҲԼЩ
ֱ۱ʴӣôֵģǴԺǱߴģ
ֻúܣҲ״
紸úģūûȥֻǱѾ˵¬ߵĴӱаѾǸʲôסˡ
а
˭֪汻аװŪ
ûôЩ¶Ҳ֪
µ·ƽչֽϵӳͭˮϴš
ֽúÿϸֺԲһſԲ顣
Сú͸Ծ飬ϵĶַԭƤġ
ϸϸظţ̧ͷʹ𣿡
ʹżЩӦÿˡСֵһ֪ССҪ
ӣʹԽʹԽԽԽӣֱǸѭ
˵Щ˼ҵĺӶ춼ЬŵĶصĶܰ
ϴãӲɣͿһĸӣֱƤ죬ŰĽŷŽӡ
ֲڴϣϴϴҲ˯ɣǽ˵ģһů͡
á
Ӱϴˮ˳ȥϴϴźһһذּм䡣
ȴһſ϶ߣأ
ˣ̫̫ڱﶯƿһĶ
ֻСӣģװʲô
˵ģװһʪ޻һϸ޲ݣݸ˺ͲҶˡ
֪˿ã־뷨ӣȥãʱʱҿ˵Ŀ˭
Сӣϸ޲ϴǰ˵һ޺ҩݣݸ˲ҶнⶾĹЧ
ְСӸӣЩ˯ɣѵϨˡ
õ̫̫
һֲָֻż΢Ĺη
Ŷ䣬ע档
ʱһȥһûУĪǽˣ
֪Ҫ̫̫˯ɣҺš
ҪҲûнһֱĵûȵ尾塪
ꡣһԺ֦ȶϵ
˵Ż죬ʾ˰СڱӺϣ򱡱Ĵʡ
ԺľƮҡӰڴϣƹȡ
ûһһӰԱߴſϡ
ӰһһϸϸӸ˶Ӵͱ洵Ű̡
̺Ӱӵ˻ȷûʲôˣƿ߽
Ӱᳵ·ûӵ˫ֲ̿ʡ
ƽ˫·޻ϡ
̤ãƲס˷ܺͼ¶
˵һμʱ龰ôۣôһ˫峺ˮ۾ڵԱߣӹϵĲ衣
֡
֡
Ͼˣ
*
лҪ˵
ӰൽֻܸϳһˣʵںܱǸ|أࣩ
첹ϡ


40 
ƽ̿ʣ ͷȥ
׼˫۾ֱֱŵɢ
ô׵ؾܣץͷסס ʰʰ
֮ǰ û뵽õĻ
Լļĸ˭ıӵ
ϺӿŻʰһ˰һߣȭͷȽžһк
ƽڱӱͷת ȫ档
ֱӵֶˣ űһ̧߶ӳȥ
ƽӱˤֻû˵ͻȻֽűߣ Ҫȡ
ۼֿ죬˺벽 һ㣬ͱ
θӿĵĶ
 Ҳġ
ƽڵ ճյصֶ 
̫̫Ҳܽеģŭǳ⡣
ƽȴ ȫ֣ǰͷڣҹҹȴã ͷˣ ¸ҵģ
㣬 ȻҲҵģ ɫԽԽ ϷŹĳ졣
Ҳ㡣ֿÿ ֻ ΪͷϵĴɽûˣ㡣
Ҳ¸ǲֻһûӸ¬ϵҸȴѲʷûôðȥ
û˳ԾƽССĺԺĿᱻ¬ҷֻҪ¬ģ¸¡
ƽʣģҲͳ¸ˡ
ƽɫһ
ǰмϲٳ֣ûа˼ЩӵϹ
ϱźʶҪԡ
ƽĵؿ֣ˡ
ôˣһΪʲôءӵ
ϾǸֲɵӣ׷
ô˴ֱۣ˽ڵʱмϵǰͷԼ£һڣ¶ƤʵĿ
Լ
¶ͱֹҲûкôӺͼĸֳţҿɲǣһӴǳ̬
ȥɣùǺʱ˲Ŵ˵£һӶˡ
ֵʱ򲻾ãôһ˵ӺϸϽݣˡ
м䣬֣ٹǾͰȥׯȥˣŹԼӣڡ
˲֪÷¶ǰŽݣžͱԺ¬֪ˡ
¬ŹڵϵСѾߣȷûǴү
ū澿ģȷǴүү̫̫ߵϺӳԶūû˵ʲôҲ֪̫̫ү˵ʲôүܿˡ
ʲô¬վûʲôڸеͷϡ͡
סӵѻ صҪСҪʲô
¬һЦȻʲôҪ
Ǿֳɵĺ÷ӡ
СǸӣܸ֮˾ηʱ뷨Ӱ˱ɲааү֮£ҲͲΪˡ
ʱδãСһ֮䡣
¬ķӿɲ룬ȥѻӷʦ
ǡź¬ϵĶĸ¬ϵķԸȥ᷿Ǳһӡ
û߽᷿ԺӣԶԶѾ߾洫ŮӾĽкûš
Ѿǰȥţӷʦ롣
ȻֹӴţıڵʵʵ
Ѿ߾ãӴ˿̵ɫЩ֣ﺦ¡
ɵ̨ףӷʦ̽ȥ¶顣
ϷŹĳ죬ʮֺ˵صͷãߡ
Ｗ˳ֽŹϡ
Ѿ߲ɵ￴ȥӵסߣ￴ʲô
ûûʲôѾһǰ棬ŻӻشԺ
¬Ͽʮָˣʦ
𣬶ôƶʲô¡
ƣøʦ¬ûֱӻػӵĻǽѾ߰ѱõһСùȥ
ӴһŵһԪյλεģӳҲǽɫ
ЩӣǸʦл񡣡
ӺϺӣѾƶ꣬Щʵ޹»
¬ϵڷʦʦЩӡ
Ŷ
ʦǸﲻ̫ƽѾã̫үȥþͲףЩСҲ˵ʲô
ɷʦҲˣааȥǶ֮ǡ
üǶ̵˼ǣ
¬ϵҿаá
á
ŷһ٣ǸѾͷ˵̫̫סá
رûȣڳ¸ſǸˡ
ǡ
üˡ
۾΢΢ţﰵһ˿ѹֲס˷֮ɫ̵˼ƶˣ˳ֶѡ
¬û뵽ʿôϵЦȻˣҾ͵ſʦץаˡ
ƶģƶǽѵ𡣡
һļϣӱųӻص᷿
ϱţϵĴһＷ
ȥԺʱȤĻӣ۵Ķǳ¸Ǹ̫̫קͷס

ڶ죬ʱͿƲ͸Ĺ
ſڴϣѾˣڿʰЬӺϵôң
Ϻڿ˴ĽʵĲЬ࣬ԼһЩûЬЬװһ
ˣЦŵþû˯ôˣܶ˯һһ
̫̫֮ǰ˫׹ЬѾˣҪҪϽԡ
ԱߵЬô
һƯϲԣҲȥӰЬùҿ
ӴشӦЬߡ
ЬЬ׵ĽУЬЬǶǳһɫ˿˾ƣЬһȦ׹Ŵɴǳǳǳ顣
ֻһۣ־Ͱ֣׵ϡ
ϸ۰Ľӳž׵Ьٺʲ
ֲŪ񴮣Ьá
ǵׯϣʹׯϹ䡣
ϺЬһСб󳤰ÿý
ȻʧЦ궼û̫̫ʱ£еõȡ
ֻ˻νϵЬ鴮죺أ㿴˫ЬʱҲǻڲ붬ˡ
ЬɣҰ·ҲһʰҪĶߣҪľˡ
ѵ·ţ̿ȵġ
ָհϣһӰͻȻãĽ̫̫̫̫

ֶ˸е֣ôˣ
ץֱۣ̫̫ͨǸӣҪָɻҳ¸аܣ
һĶ֪Ϣ
̸ǰźС˺ߵѾһȣС˺Ⱦƺȶˣ˵©죬ҵѾߡ
߰ɣǻֶιŹ֣мܲס
Ϊӵ£˴
Ȼͨı£ܱ֤ûаĹ
ôһ˵ӣֻҪĵƱҪӳ¸ųȥ
*
лҪ˵


41 
̫̫ ҪȥĶ
˸մ߽ͤԺ¬ͻȻһ˰ǽס
ͷһʮʮˣ Ϻ󣺡ôЩ˵ ΪΣ
̫̫ﲻ̫ƽӷʦ˵аܲãҪϸ鿴һ
û뵽ȥ˸գ СѾͷ˵ˣ Ѱ
¬װˣĪ̫̫йӺ¸
¬ϣĴȫëһŨصĲ
ֱֱ¬ϣƴ ¸ҲҰĵط
¬Цÿģ ̫̫αôأֻ÷ʦöѣ ̫̫й ˲顣
̫̫ͻȥӽ 
֣ԸѾСˡ
ѾС㿴ҿ㣬 ҵһ֡
ֿǳ¸̫̫ ǵӣ ڸ꣬ ҪǶ֡
¬ͻȻתһСϣ Ŀ ӵǶаûӷʦʱǳ¸˶ᱻͬ
˵Ҳֻʱ̫̫ãȲԻ̫̫
˴С˵Ҳˡ
СǲٳɣΧȥ
ƲͻȻܳЩˣ̫̫ߣ
Ҳ¬йɵŴȥôܶӣȥ
ָȥͱһ֧ס
Ǹڳ¸Ŵһ֮Եĵʿһŷںƶ۵ü˴ɷŨλ֮ѱа֪ǿЩ渮ϵĶ̻ȥа˰ɡ
ָ߳һСڣǵ۾ʹſ
֪ΪΣһ۾־ͷĿѣ֮УϽ˦˦ͷѡ
ʿķøĿ䵽СǰסǶ
һĭµ°ڣЩòȻĳʿѱ˼üȮͲݣƾʲô˵аҪˣ
һ졣ӿתͷֵ̫̫ƶߵѾߣба֮డ
ַϵķȴôҲԽԽһӵϡ
Ͻļ٣̫̫ʲô
ӶЩɫ˥ĸ˿ûкƢԣֱýģŷһԼߴ
ֲ֣ӲͷؽڣϴһЩɫζķĩ
ͻȻУץԼͷӡ
¬֪õû⣬ͻȻ仯һС˶꣺ʦаˣ
ӡ÷ڣֹҲа֮ࡣ
ǻ뷨ʦа¬˫ĿɴȲ
ϷɿѾû֣ϣҡҡ
ҺĿȫƽӵһ΢ͣ˺ʹһ񱩵Ĵ󺰴УѾգգۣǱҡҡλεȥ̫̫̫̫
ģ۾
ƺоĿ⣬Ӳ֣Сʱ׽Բҵһ֡ԣ¡
ͻȻ˼ȦѪӽ
סϰУѳ
Ǹ񱩵ӣúԺ˴Ŀġ
¬˶ͷʻӣʦϸҲҪصʮղſɳɱ𣿡
ã߱˶ãֻҪҸطѺаԱͿɡ
¬Ͽŵĵķˣ೩ˡ
򴽣ǸϿɲаѱӳˣ硭
¬ںԺɨһۣͻȻǰһھɣҲû˵Ժˮ
ںſǽλãпרܺԺľˮ
СѺŵ촽û£㣬ģ
ü˵𣿣
룬¬ʻӣѾͷأҪҪҲһͶ˾
ҡͷʹһҲҪ͵
ȻʦԣǼȥӾȥ
ǡеļ˶ЩµģչǸҺҰ֣ǲٵ̧֣Ͼȥ
ӿ޺ţȴС˵İѹ
᲻һѡ
¬˵ĻǼ˰̧ߵߣֿŵשȥҪ
﷢ֻдؿϡ
ͻȻ¬Ͽֵӣˣ̴̫̫ģ϶Ҫ·ˣ̫̫϶һ̵ġ
ǣȥ̫̫ߣϡ

δ𡭡
δ𡭡
ˮڵשϣһƬ
ˮν۾Ʋס֫Ĳֻסϥǣ߶µܣ䰡
ӣ𣿡
յķصһ˵ûӦ
ͷʹѣڵϺðŴӳԺ﷭һЩ¡
죬ã¬ϹʿӣҪǡ
ʰ׼Ӻ뿪Ǳ¬ϵס
Ǻأ
ֺݺݴ˴ʹüɼͷ۾ʵػȥ
ߣԼ¬ϵץסﱻǸʿ˵аͶ˾
ǿھ̫СùﰴȥھڣۿˮûĿڱǣû˶
飡ֱ߲֪ʲôƵڵأűߣţǿţҪȥҪȥ
űҵ죬ȴûһӦ
ȥߣҪȥȴ涤ָҲûп۳һ˿϶
ͻȻͷʹùڵϵʱ򣬸ղôжû˴򿪵Ŵ濪
СѾŵ¬м䣬Ǳӣ죺ô̫̫ţϱܲ񰡡
̫̫źš
߹ȥֵԹ޵񣬽ϡ
¬߽һܣ̫̫Ǹõطô꣬ҺʹɩɩиС밲ͷһ㣬ͷǾ棬Ļ
ʵҪǹҪֻҪԹԵذȫңҲߵһ
ֻ֣˲ǵˡ
˭˵Լʲôӣյˣؿһ󶴣ķ洵
ڵɫΗˣ¬ȴ¡
ǳЦҪǵˣҲ޷λǺϵĳ¹ء
¹˶ﻳӣ֮ǳˡ
¹ˣ
ǡ
۽ǴᣬЦ˺ѷΡ
ôҲ벻䵽˾صľȻǴСŮǡ
*
лҪ˵


42 
ˣ ֪Ķ̫̫֪ˣ̫̫Ҳðĵȥˣȥһ㣬 ˵ĵͼһ棬 Ҳи
ҩ
Ѿǰֻ̣ССľյ
¬֣̫̫ҪԼȣźȡ
ССľյװģ ľѾߵĶھյ΢΢ε
һӵϢ ľ񱻴һòO
ֻյ֣¬ϣˣһԷ٣ һ㡣
̫̫˵⻰Һµúܣһ᲻ԷҲ֪ ̫̫һҪġ
̫̫ҲǴˣҵӣ ֪˵죬 ģҲɣ ҲԼ˼档
̫̫ɡ
¬ȻЦ棬 ֡
ְѾյ˵ߣ һͷ һȫȥ
¶ǣ ֵĶӾе 顣
ӣ ڵϣںѪ
񿴼ӣǰ߶֣ʲôû䡭
͸ᱡֽϡ
¬Զָ¾Ƭ̣ȷûкˣ˵Ǽʰʰ̧ϣȥ֪ͨˣ˵̫̫Ѿߺͬһȥˡ
ǡ
ֽߵѪɾ˼ٰ̧ۣϣȻܵиˡ
ϺͳʵŰûڣһ͵֪̫̫ߵѾӷʦ͵ӹѺ̫̫һ˱ãļ١
ҪǳʵţϵҪȥ¬ϣʲô˼
ʵ˵˵Űסżʳʵǵô죬̫̫һãҲ֪˵ô죿
ԽʱԽżҪڳȥã¬Ͼ̫̫һҲˡ
ҲŲ£
֪㲻£ãôӦӦ취
ץԴ뷨ӣͻȻУͻȻܽɫ԰ףү̣̫̫ûˡ
۵
ϵİڼ
ôûôûأҲţϷ¿ȥá
ƿЩվſڵˣܽңһۣͿڴϣ˫ֽڸ֡
ֵɫ԰ף˫۽գ񿪵ݱȻĻ˲Ҿš
Ϲڴߣץס֣̫̫
ŶϱϱȥׯϹ˹䣬ˣҪȥأ㲻˵Ҫסһ𡣡
ֱֵ̹ǣûյ˵˵žڱϣҧҲ©
һĳʵҲڴǰôҲ벻ףһյĹôأ
һֽشͷȼͷûзӦʱ䡣
١¬湦װվڷ޶ߵɩҲˣ̫̫᲻̫ү׷̫үȥء
¬ϣڵسվָ¬ϵıӣǲ㺦̫̫
ɩ˵仰ҪóƾʵݣҺһҲ̫̫ãⲻ˷ʦ̫̫а
ааҿ⸮аƽ￴Ųģı˭ݣ
¬ۿɩôô⸮аǴҶģߵĴӲҲǱаˡ
ޣ˭֪ҵʲôʿ
˵䡣ʵס
ܵصҸʲôҲ̫̫ô׵ˡһֵʬ壬ֹסѹ
ʵ¬⣬ĵǰ˵
̫̫Ѿûˣʲô£Һͻô
ɽڣûա̫̫Ҳ¬ϳʵԼûã̫̫˶еϸ
Ҳ֪Ѵһ޻ſִǰֱޡ
һ߿һͷҲ̧ض¬ϵ̫̫ǰͶԵɥǶԻӳˣġ
ǲã¬ϵ̫̫ô˵ҲǳûнһȫȨĵ
ǣ¬ϣȻҲ˵Ҳҡβװ͹һڶǰڣǾ̫̫ļױӣׯӣ̫̫ˣ⡣
̫̫ɥһ꣬Ҿʹųʵס߶ңǶҪˡ
¬۾һɩ˵ֵܣͷ˻ŽôʲôҪ
Ҫˣ
ЩǸ徻̫̫ɥ¶ˡ
жɩ仰͹ˡ¬۾ѹѹҾͲŶɩͶ£һ
ǰŸߣϾعôš
¸̫̫ȥϢûʢﴫˣõˣ˵ȶţֱѣˡ
ǰ˰Ϻͳʵðϯ
ǰЩӼΪ֣飬ʢ˶ţ˵ȥˣرʾϧ
Ͼ˶֪ʲôʱһ
忤ĠdʱҲ֪ϢؾҪߡ
ò״һεĸ²Żףǰ棺Ҫȥʲôطڹ棬ʮ¶Ӱ
ֻȥֵĠdʱ˵ʲôççߣ
үסֱֱۣźĠdʱ̫࣬ūߥүģүҪǳҾժԴ
ʲô£Ġdʱø²
˵¾͹£ֱֱҹܲ㣬ܹһūţԡ
㡣ĠdʱǸūţԼһߡ
ǸūΪѣӴܣЩ˾Ҫ֮֡
ڸǳģүҶ֣οǡ
ҪǸҳţ͸ҪС
̫ɪɪعڵϡ
ĠdʱһָŸ£ãõúܡ
ͼһȥ˵ţߡ
ֻĸ¼ūвסǰͺץ߿ޱߵҪҪȥ̫˵˵û˵ġ
Աߵ̫һ⻰ذѶλȥ
ȫ˰ȫˣֻҪߵһղϡ
˵Ѿµڼνˣ
һ˳һĠdʱ͸ᳵ·ص̫סٹ ǰһˣԴʹү밲밲أλҪҪ١
ںðҾҪ˵˵ʵܵʲôˣԼҿ治ůȥ˼ҵĿ
ӣ⻰ô˵óڣʲôū˵ɣū澻һһʮת̫ֹ̫ġ˵ûֱ׵Դһʹ
ȰѾһ߽ȥ
ָϽĠdʱүȥɣ֪ͣ˵ʲôɱڻǰЦ
ĠdʱŲֲСһֱȰֻòͷ̧Ÿȥ
ڵߣһȥŮͶ񣺡뿤
̫Xʶ
ǸµһμX
ڹеʱżXСͽɹ»ӣøһٳ߸ͷһ
ֻû뵽̫ڲһܣָĠdʱ
ǰҲĠdʱʲôãϾļҵ˳ĺò
ɸXһȣ²֪ʲôǳ֮¡
ͻȻؾص񣺡밲򸣽𰲣̫밲
̫ﾪôôأXǠdʱĸ㻹ûء
Xͷƽ
ʱĠdʱҲˣһ
Xɫ˾䣺˭㲻ˡ
ĠdʱΪѾǰ״ûصػϣ˭Ҹʵɫ
¶һ˿ĶľŬŷ۵ʮ²ŸһҪŶȥһѾĸˣҷ˸֡
̫Ը¼ֱʤҪǻѰ˺ȥ
Ƚи±죬Ġdʱʲôˣ
Ġdʱתת۾ѹȥĳķˣˡ
Xϥϵ΢΢һɫһ仯
̫ȴû뵽֣ʶ׷һ䣺ôȥģ
֪Ġdʱĺܣ˶ȥ
̲סЦЦһﶼһѵĸˣһү۰Ͱ͵شȥ˶ζҵ뿴ʲô
̫ͷۣǳ˵䣬۽⿴XԾǻϵĸسķȥdʱȥҲûʲô
㣬СǼëǸĲˡ
˵ţXdʱлһֳȣҲķģƣǲҪҵ¶ʡ첻ҵ
һƺӵһӦˮ֮¾Ҫʼ֣ʶҪãȥ
ƺˮǴһ£ÿ궼Ҫɻٵ۷ȥӵ꼾ٱɴˮ֡
̫һ۾ˣĶ٣Ġdʱȥֻò
ӦĠdʱл
Ġdʱ棬Ųȥʲôƺӣǿ̫ӣֻͷл¡
ɣ˼⡣XʶȻʵˣú˵޻ҪҪҪȻĵˡ
ȥɣƽע壬ȻҪԼҪ
šXɵ߳ٹ
źİƵó£ǺһĲֻͷںͷ
߳ٹվʮֿڣXͻȻ漣ж٣
ϻǸһ⡣
źֻʶ֣ͨʫ飬ʲô漣
ֻʵʵصػϣūŶЩʵû˽ʱ̣޽ģԼˡ
ȥݡ
ǡ
˵Ҫȥݣ˵תš
ȴ켫ˡ
忤˵Ծķȥ뵽Ҫȥʫģ
Ҫ֪ǻϿûɹ¡
û֡
*
лҪ˵


43 
Ϻϰæ ֵɥ°ò㺮ᣬûճԾԸԱһء
Ϻۣ ϺͳʵҲ͵ˣ Ժʲô㡣
ֵô벻ڻ˯һ㣬ֻпĹѾڵʵС
ţ ֲԾ
۾죬 ɤӴƵ飬Т̫̫ڵʱʹǷ޶ҪҪ¸ȥס
̫̫ˣ ҺͳʵҲǰ̫̫˼¸ Ҹطס
ã¸ģ ʵ ʡ¶ҵסĵط𣿡
ҡͷûУ ԭǴס̫̫ׯϣ𡣡
ڡʵ˵ڽӣ ʲô£ һʱȱ˳Ժȣ 
Ϻ֮ǰѾ֪ ЩׯӶ¬ȥ æǰæ ʲôûš
һЦиѲʷߣԺӻ֪᲻ʲôء
ȴŹȥҵׯϣǽҲȥŷ޵ģŶס
Ϻͳʵҡͷˣǲ
жѹİֵ׽ۣһӲˣﻹԼûлںòܲϺͳʵֺõСϺͳʵܾ
϶ϺͳʵӦɣҲϣǺúõġ
ϺͳʵʵƲȥֻܵ͹̫̫ʱһҲ𣬵ʲôʱҵȶӪǾͰȥ
ɡ
ϲ֪ʱϸѩƮƮֵ·ϣһģԽ£ѩԽס
ϺϣԼϳʵ·أɤӱӶµúܡ
߹ȥĨĨĹȥֶ˵үôôˣȽ㣬ֽߡ
ԭһţȿȣȥúߣ
úЪϢЩӣ㡣
һǳһŵɽոµķĹͷͳŵø߸ߵĻֽǮƮҡ

ֲ֪ԼķĹѾãԼ񱻹һСģֻܹװһֻСèСһĵطϸ
տʼ־Щ㱣ֽŲ
ģԽԽѣͷǿСľ屻ͳԵ˴򿪣һҧס˵ָ
ϣҧ˽һѸŵľȫ۾ֽűͻòŵ֣ôˣҩмֿԡ
һˣĿѡ

ȻǸӵĵʿ
ŵʿþ޲ýҧ
ҧסָĻҲֻһֻס°ͣľ
°ͼ飬ѷſ
ӿָѪӡͷ򣺡㰡ллңҪǡڣ㸮Ǹ¬ҪС˵СѾء
ͷתֲϣһճˮա
װŪĹ߷ֻҪĸòŮӣͻȥƵҩԼϵ˱аɱа˴
¬ʱֻŪӻû룬Ȼ֮˵֡
ԣ˳¬ϵ˼ָаٵ¬ϸֺȵĶҩżִģ뿪
ȻӴƿһϴŻڵĶߣ·ɫƵ߽
һ󿴵èſֹݼʹ
ʹĴߵһŽߵһߣЬ°ͣȻŪľɫСˡ
ƫͷ㿪Ľţߵ˷һ͵һŲסֵĲӣ޴ѹֵĲӣͨ졣
һߵʹõĻɫ׬һأµľ̫ˣȻĻɫһͭ嶼ֵ
ߵϡһû⹷֪ϧء
û;˵أıǣǲǾʹԼãϽˣ
˵룬æ˵Ҳҡ
ߵû㣬˿ֵҲѹ⹷ģǸɶõľɫ̫ϹҲûľɫ
ŰɣġߵӸһɫǵĴָĴƿԸЩ˶ȥһҪҪ
һǸīɫǴƿ񶼱ˣæҵؽӹߵݣллʹллʹ
ߵһۣŴֲƿƿˡ
ͻȻӲȥŲӾҿԡ
ϿӺɫǴƿﵹһɢѪɫҩ裬Լ۵ĵһŵݵߣ԰ɣǺö
Ѫɫҩ˱ǣ·ֻСצ쵽˵ţߴϽҩȥ
СҩȱŵһѪζ
ƫͷӡ
ҲٺһЦҩװȥ˸ؿڣɫ쳣󣺡ڲԣԺҲԲˡ
ƺʲôϢػ㶨ǲȱģ̫Ϲȣÿɱˡ
ǸѾ߿϶̫ãϢػˣֻҪҩܰķοá
͵ؿصȥˣ
ǸѾߣӶɫƽƽӲ⣬ںͷأģ̫ϹҲ͵ȵ¯
һ˵ӾͷҪܡ
һӰѹϣ㻹ǵĵԸɣȻϲִݻҲСè
Ҳɱ㣬ɱ練ơ
㵽ô
ҲôʹѾ㣬ȻҪһëٵ͵̫ϹȣΪܺ⣬Ҷһ䣬ҪѾ߻ȰԼСס
Ժţ˵һܳζء
Ѹٷף̫Ϲʲôģ
ӱʵһ㶣˵ߣ֣ǴԹܽ롣
¯ʲô
ϢػĶ¯ģÿгԲϢػ衣Щˣ̧鱦ֻһȡϢػҩı
ӵֵ֮䣬Ŀ
彩Ӳһ£صȻʲô֮Цػʺ֪Ҫҹ׶һˡ
ӺٺһЦ㲻ûϵЩٹžͳˡ
ˣԹԵؽȥɣ˹ӡ
ӲֵĶ
߿Ѱûʲô󲿷ֶɵģ򲻿
ǹӣѻӵĻȥؽ飬ͼõĶ
һҪӺúûš
ûҲʧȥӡ
*
лҪ˵


44 
ҡ˰죬 ߵû˷С
ӽ־ͿһƬɽҰߵýʵͻأسһɽм䣬 ɼ˵ĵש ķǸ
˻㱴ʢĵط
˶ŸʽĶߣҲԱߵ˽̸·ɫƵ˴ߡ
˴Ŀĵģǵש߹ŵľٵˡ
ȻȫǳluoŮӣ ̵ʹӴ۵ϵڶ׵Ƥϣ һ񱻶ӶǸط
ӿɲǱߴգԱߵСɽȥʾϵƺ СɽĴ׳֣ʮֳ޵ǿ׳߳ ϳ顣
еǴӡ
ʲôҲûһһϱ鲼 Ҳһ⡣
Ӹϣ һֵָ˲Ѫȿֺð
ܲסϣ ޵ŵѪζ๷ӵϡ
Ŷ̶̼̣ ոջվŵĴӾˣ һȦ õƤڵϣ һȾѪ
׳üͷû̧һ£ ֻǳ޵ˣû׼ͷ ޾Ҫ¶ƫҪ˦ޣǸûɫǼС
˵ţĿ⿴֡
Ǽ޵Ҳ֣Ķ籡
ֽŵҲߣƵǱߡ
׳죬û˵Ķ̲һģ·ȫˣ߹ȥ
дӵǰ֮ǶǼ֪ǻӴŮҳֶòӵϵȹ
·ΪģҲѰռҵġ
ץӵ֣Ǹ׳˵Ҹǲһ
Ŷ
׳Ȥζضѵ㻹Ӳɡ
ҼȲӣҲŮӡ
ַſӵ֣ȥ´
̫̫ҡͷˮģ˫ۡ
ӣڳԾ˰ҵǿ̣Ͼ֪ʲôģ񡭡Ҳм˿ˡ
ǶҪţ˭Ҳ˭òá
ץֱۣϻ䡣
ףżʮ꣬һ̺ۣһȻɵ֬ӦǾ¡
ʵںӵͣŮӵϸ£ͺģ͸ˡ
˲ס˺ͷĿѣ
׳˺٣ɫ죺㡭Խȥˡ
ӵ֣ͻȻͷԼӣһѪ˳ŲǰأһϰźκҶҪ
׳۾ûּۻ۵ġ
ΪǶûиǴ棬ִһ֣ѪѾԽԽ죬ɣڲղҲѰҸʽķꨡ
ǣǿҵֽţεҵͷܶһ֡
׳˿ôˣ֪Ǹµȥֵ
ˣԱ޵˵Щʲô޵תȥܿһͷߣ׶ɫƵˡ
˿ֺƬ̣ͷ
׳˶ֺӵȥɣܲһֱãҿɾͲ֪ˡ
ֻɿȴ뵽׳˵ģŹ壬Ӹȥ
ɽǿ˾ϸشĥܻ츣ɣȡɵԼйڳıڻ
ЩڻɫŨصֶĵĸо
ɽǰͻȻȻʣһƺǰ뽨ɽУ¶ߵıͨ۴ĵչǰ
𣬷еϡﶼС
ǽ۹룬ɹƮƮȻ֮С
ɹ洦ɼģǺЩ䵱̨һŮӣ֣ҲûʲôӦ
ǰͷ˴ƹԹһ·һûκҵĵطŻеĵ˵ˣһӽϾ͸Ϣػ衣
ǡŻ˵ͷȻǸˡ
࿴ۣϾǽĵһڵеְλĸˡ
˿ȦóһɫľƣľϻһĿĺɫ·ݸ֣ʲôҲ˵ǰ·
߼־ͷҲ֪жĵطסŵȫŮӣǶ毺ãǺ󹬼ǧҲ
϶Ÿϲľƣľϵ·ͬ߰·ģҲ·ģٵģġ
Ǽͷѹש
*
лҪ˵
ĸ
Ż£ֶҪˣкܶСɰɻ󣬋ֶΪʲôʵ֮ǰ½˹Ҳǽһ¸ѡ
ĸ̫ã֪񣬻еСߡ
ڵֲˣĶѾˣΪ˴ӻȥȹʱѾˡ


45 
ߵĸ˲δͣ һֺһֱߣһ䷿ű߹һľƵģ һ·ľơ
Ժסĵط ӽϿʼÿϢػ㣬Ůһء 
˵Ӳ Ǳһ ˵ˡ
ţֻ䷿õüݻʣ齣 񹤾տޱȵĲ
ĸ˼ҵĹֺӽ֮ʱĶྶͥ
ͻȻ֮ ס֣̫̫ ūΪҲˡ˵˵űס ֱʧʹޡ
ԴӸߣӾûܹʲôί Щӷ̫ˣóܵķΧ
ҡ
ɽʱ˶ܴ· ֿϵĺۼ
סӣ ͷԼϣ ıģ ֻҪһڣ Ͳ¡
Ĭû ȥǸѪ˿ڡ
ûһӵûȫƽͻȻ򿪣һݵøͶһĸ߸ӺͲˡ
ѾطüϵݸߵͣԽģλԽߣԽ򵥵ģԽ͡
ˣϵĻƶûǸ˸ӡ
ݸ߸ΧȦ֣һóɫǴƿһˮ
ݸ߸ֵ֮ǰǸ˵̫Ϲһּۻ۵ˣһҲּۻ۵ıǮ
ٺٺ٣ݸ߸ս֣ᣬû㣬̫ϹȣǰʲôݣҪʵʵǵķԸ㲻ѧ㲻ѧèС
Ҳ㲻ǣ
ݸ߸Ŀ䵽ǶвΡ
߻ԭλãùһĺɫǴƿ浹һۿŻӳԹѪɫҩ裺̫ϹȶеϢػ裬ô裬ɻգഺפ
ǾĻɫһոÿҵƤӵ̷
˵꣬Ѫɫҩݵִߡ
ҩ蹴˵ζŻѪζһ飬Ƕˡ
ͷ󳷣ҩӹԥطУٰˮһں꣬ſݸ߸
ݸ߸⼫ˣЦǸʶȤˡ
ʶȤãʶȤɣҲɡ˵һöҩ裬ӷá
üҩʲôöմȾ
ں֣֮ǰذҩ£ſݸ߸顣
ݸ߸صͷ뿪
ĽŲʧֻֿһСҩ³ȻæӣԼĺ
ҡͷ̫̫ҩȥˣҲΪңҩ衣
Ӻﶼ֪ΪҪҩȴֲҩһȤСɡ
ܰҩ£ر任λã˼鲻
ԣ֪һʲôʲӵϢػ衣
ǣС
Щ̫ͣãǷ̫̫¡
ֱֻ³پ¶١
ҩԼԼ൨ˮҪŻɣҲһӰ
Ӻ˿ˮڣοûµ̫̫ųһӦòʲô¡
˵ֺ֪ⲻvɶοĻѡ
ôһطÿ˶Ҫõҩ裬ôͨͨĵҩ
ϣһ鲼ţöԼ³ѾˮЩϢػ衣
ǲѪɫΪˮԵʱð߲¶ɫһЩ棬ʱ侲õѪҺ̳ɵĿ顣
̫̫ҩʲô
֪òҽһҩû˵һ
ҡͷŲ
öϢػζǳ֣Ǽ֮ʲôܵĶңŶζȻζԽԽŨѪζԽԽ
òöҩױ̨ϵĴ֬һȦʢŴ̹֬Сɺ
ӿû봽֬Ϣػ裬ʣ̫̫ʲô
Ժ˵ôб޻
Ŷ
ʲô𣿡
ƺûУԼԼ֫
֣̫̫ǿϢɣ컹֪ᷢʲôء
ͷ
˻ʱһ˯ͷ˯ͷ
һմͷ˯ˣ۾û˿⡣
סĵطֻ̫żƮĴϢ˳ŵķ϶
Ҫϸʲô˵ȴҲ׽
ַ˸֪ʲôʱ߿ӵӰѱ
ͻȻӸؿڣһϴ˯úܳӽקס֣ðһĺˮڴϷ
æӣﲻ
˫۽գҧÿ죬ĽкȴûӦ
ּˣסУѣ۾ң
мѪӲü۾Լؿڣ١
ְͷϷţܣ
غƣƵҿ촭ʲô̫ˣ涼Ҫըˡ
ȥץѾкüѪӡؿڣæס֡
ץӵӿˣ޺ְ̫̫ɣܣˣҿ챻ҧˡ
úܴ󣬼βƷȥ
ֿ˿ܣϥѹͷ˿Уűһֹʱײľ
Ȼ´һˮݵߡ
촽ݿűӣǡ
ò׺°뱭ˮոƽһ㣬ĵڶӦˡ
ôڵһ𣬱ͷˮʪ͸
ѵڱͷ֣̫̫Һûǹ
ɬѵ
ĨĨͷϵĺˮ𣿡
ˣеǸζӵ
ʵѾ˴ŵĲ룬νϢػ裬ʵͰܽصЧƣϢػ辭ϸƣҩЧȰܽҪԵöࡣ
ԣӲŻһηþôķӦһξͳ񫡣
ֻҪٷĴΣһҲ벻Ϣػ衣
Ӳ֪ЩΪԼһĥֲЩĥˣ˶ȿַ
ֽ⿪˿Уӡ
ţ
ӻͷ
ƤĶûʲô
һҹסòŮӵĵطʼ֡
ֺţ뿴ôġ
룬һžͿûһòһŮӶϴĶ棬ϱϣҲ֪˶á
ǸֿͷȻŶݡ
־ĬƬ̣ԺԽš
һŮʲôҲ˵šӵݸ֣ϴ
ͻȻָָԼſͣһֻһпƽС٣ûͷ
*
лҪ˵
һ
ͻȻԶϣҵղŶ
[˫Ըɮvs]byС
һۣÿԼĨĿɰСsaoһĳ
˳иòûκŵЬڻܡ
ЬڻŸɮͷǸ󱻱ƳƤڷΡ
Сӣսȭͷ
һѸ֮׼᳹ף
Щ֪ϵøɸɾ
ҪҪǸƤıԶһ㣡
ڱ˾մ
ɮ
Ƿ
Եի

Ψһһɾ
°
Ҫ泪y
Ի֮
Ĩ˵Ĳ
漰ͷ˵ôôƫҪק쳾
ף
汩
3721е


46 
ֵ ӹӲٿ
ͷŮͬľͷģģʲô鶼ûС
źϴ ǰ·ŵϡ
ֿһ· Ȼֻһ͸ĺɫɴûû˿
˿ͷŮӣ΢΢ɺˡ

ͭ쳹ƬסĵطŮϳּɫ ֺӸǳȥ
ְɴµϵã ӣߣǡ
һƿӰ˵شкһɴ£ ŽŵģҲдױݾµġ
ŮӾǵڶ֣ ҷɫխС£ϵһȹ ٸ죬 ͷ䣬ķ溬 毺á
û뵽Ǽסˣִ Ŀľɨۣ ͷ­߸ţ °˸
ֲ֪Ĺأ ף ߽խĹ
ֻ˲ͨĹŮӣ ʽ޹ζѬԴΡ
һ·ѹѹԴִӹݺ˿
ܿ죬ڶͭ𣬱ͷŮӽŲӿ죬˿첽ת䣬һöĵ·ҹյĵһĶѨ
ѨϷ¶һ⣬ʯܵ
ǰվʮ羫µŮӣһֳֳߵĴߵŲӡ
߹ȥǰϿ˺Լһģһıǣͷ¡
۽ܣΧŵ˲٣ʮ
ǴɴɫͬǺɫǰɫɫɴµģֻһ
žƤϵ
ߵ˳ֳߵĴ羫µŮϣŽ߶ŵ˵ǶǱ̫ϹѡеˣԺź˻һӶĹˡ
ԣҪȰǺúʰʰ͵˵
տʼһϰߣ¶ӦǱ𼱣Ҳ
ȸ˵˵Щ֮Ǹˣʵѿ⡣
ŵŮȻѾ˵ӣֵOO@@
ߵɨһȦʣµģȫѾ֪Ů֮µˡ
ĽͻȻ̧֣°̫ͣϹѾûľɫˣ˵㻹֮
ս
һ֪ɷ˥㣬绪ïĽ£ؿڣϧϧ
һҪúÿţϲġ
ߵƿߣ˫һߣɽں֡
ѾɽںͷŵʮӰǰӰӳգֺܿ쿴ЩȻǼᣬ׳clӡ

Ż
̫̫ˮ
ֻ֣ſߡ
ֲ֪Щ˶ĵ̶ȡ
ǣǼ޸˳Ծ֪Ů֮е¡
ԾǵͷΪֹ
һ뵽Щ˽һӣؿڵŻ¸ַ
ֻǿʼﵽְüʮŮȥǿĶѨϱһѺȥʱݼĵͷӿ˽С￴ָr塣
ûаҹһֱȼš
ִӵǱ߻Ӹߡ
ͻȻ˿صʱ򣬸ո·ӴҵŮӿ
ǻûüϸ룬һռģ÷溬毺õŮײܳɫù죬ϲԴԴϵðź顣
ĶҪ˺Ƥҳŵֺʶһ
źûͷŮץֺͽק
ҪˣҪˡ
ǣɱҰɣźץܱߵĶָ׷˲ðѪ
Ȼ֣۾ɳۿûͷŮӣץֵļ򣺡һϢػ裬ңң
ּ飬۾ȫԣҲһ˿һո߸ͷ­̬
ûϢػ衣
У϶УŮ˷財һϢػòãʲô㡣
ûͷŮۿԼƲסһ˾Ҫȥйĸˡ
ֽסȥڻЩ־ǸҰһûµġ
ͷŮ˳ɡ
ֵһֱдϢҾ˵ƲסϢ
ͷŮͷµû
ԭͲΪΪǵָϽͣҰȥ
⻰æק˽ȥָںͷǰ˰ϣһϸĲá

ţֹסֵ۾ȫˮͰ
ֻ˺ͷŮ˵컹ûʱ򿴿ǷѣѣɰѲˣѲȥ˰ɡ
Ҳֻˣһп컯
ֺˣصӺµصѱ̫̫˼ˡ
˵ղŰ˵ʱúܡ
̫̫Ҫ£ūҪ£ūôܿһ˶֡£طͶ󺣵һСľͻᱻ
ֵұ㻹£ֻǡ˵ף̲ס£СССģ֤Լܹȫˡ
վǲĺݡ
áϢػ裬ֺ˯
ڶ컹δͻȻߵ졣
˲侪ѣ
ֱߵ¡
ʮԣͷµӣ߹ȥš
ŮָָԶӣƱȻš
ֿ˻˵ң
Ůͷ
˼Ƭ̣ӣԼһȥ
ҹߵҶ֪ǰ컹ҹ
ֻǴ˶˯խⰵơ
ּǸŮˣϵĲѾɿϡ
֣ӸŮǳȥȻӡ
һģ
ŮζЦЦ˵ûµˡ
ˣĻվߵ֦ͷ質
Ǻȥ̫̫£Ѿˡ
ߡŮӱ߳һûͷƵأ쳤ϡ
ʲô£
ŮӾɵƣƫͷһЩûʧĺܶ˶һأֲϲǷˣԣзл㡣
طлòţ㻹Լðɡ
ŮҡͷһҪžܾ
üҺҪĶ
ǵģҪŮӴϻϣϣϿڰ֮ǰҪشһ⡣
Ϊɢ¶ЩۼƤ
ƿۣʲô⣿
ˣΪʲôᵽʲô֣
ⲻһ⣬⡣
ǾͿ벻شˡŮƺںִ𲻴Ӧ
վԭأĬƬ̣ʵûʲô˺ֻҪ̫ϹȵһһʣܰЩʵûҪŮ
ԭǽʿ޵ʢҷճ£֡
ŶŮӵͷʾԼˣϵĻƽǶʯֻֻʯȻ͹
ǿ͹ıʯȡ͵ǰ
ʲôֽӹСĴָָĺ챦ʯϸꡣ
һԲıʯ棬һǾĵ̳ӡӡ
ŮƵصǿԿ̫ͨϹܵԿס
űʯ͵սԼģŮӣô
ش⣬Ҳش⣬ʵľǵһ⡣
һѾȥŮҵģ
ɫ˵Цֻش⡣
ŬԼ侲öʯԿ׿ܵ
Ůӻش𣺡Щס
һ⣬ԼΪʲôӳȥɻĶֲûͷ
ǵħߣĵطʵҲǧ򱶡
Ů˴Щߵ˰öԿײصڣȥ֮Ҳܻ÷ˮ𣬺α˶
һʳڣŮӵЩɢ
ӵϣգգ۾ʵöʯԿ׸㣬ҲǾʮʮ̫Ϲȡ
Ϊʲô
ΪֻҪ̫ϹȵˣùϢػ꣬ϢػˣҲȥ
öʯԿ׵ˣصĴҵŮ°˴ڳһ̫ͨϹܵҳɹ˳ȥ
ǣŮӵɫ۾һʱ䣬ֻˡ
ֽĻνϢػ裬ʵĶҩùϢػ裬Ҳ벻ˡ
ǵģŮӵͷ
ǷϢػʱ仹֪񫷢ʲôܡ
׷ʣֻüöأ
ŮҡͷϢػֻҪùһΣѾ񫣬ÿ·һΣ˼ʱϢػֹס֮ûа취
Ϸˡ
ǰӲÿһΣ´εͻᷭһΣֱ޿̣Լ֪Լ״Ρ
ûзϢػ裬˳ѾùΡ
*
лҪ˵


47 
һ˲뵽ӣ ³ȥ
ŮӣϢػ֮񫣬ûҩԽ𣿡
еģǲ̫ϹȡŮ˵һԼŵĻ
̫Ϲڴ˵꣬ ͬһ޴Ķ ԵѪᣬµǼۻĶȴһֱдڳ
ƾЩ˶ûʬС ʲôȥǸ翵Ľҩ
Ůҡҡλεվ ѽĴȥԼȥԿ߰ɣˣҪ˯ˡ
ԼӰ ߳ȥķš
Ҳû˵ ݺȥıӣ̫̫˯ɣ  취ȥܵطô ֪ҪҶá
ԽԽܡ
ϱһʯ ٰ ƾô ûһ· ֻظǻһ˿ᡣ
߹ȥ ɵߣ ֱס
ӵҲߵ̫̫ʵū澺ܿġ
ܴȥʵ̫ˣġ
أҲЩǸңﲻҲᱻǣ
ӣ̫̫˵ʲôû̫̫ūͱһϯŶ˲ǵĶˡ
һ૵
Ӳﲻһū澣ū澾ֻҪȥˣūҲˡ
˵˵ţ̲סˣſرСص̫̫ȥɲԸūλ˵ûλɹ»ҰҪʿץҪūĹԵ
ū澱úܣ϶еġ
λū澾ͻ
ӡְƿһ㣬ǻһȥģҺ㣬˭١
ǡҲһҪǱǸŮ˵ľҲƲס˵Щ
ּᶨûпǣˣȻϢػ裬ĽҩҲһڡ
㵽աҲԸط
Ӻһֹס˿ʪ˺üӡ
öԿף˳ϲã಻ס֣̫̫öԿأ𣿡
øֺ޵ĺ챦ʯҹҲ⻪磬һ棬λץ̫ϹȣͨͨܵȴٶȻĻشŮĿ̳ɵľܿӡ
ӰѺ챦ʯԿָ⣬۵ϲÿλץĹ˲ãȻ֪ô£Ҫڻ֪ôء
ǰǸνǵʶնȱˣҲûþסϢػĥֻص
һ뵽
ÿȥÿ죬Կ̫̫˵صڻأôסŵŮмٸǲһһӵؿҪҵʲôʱҵ
⼸ǳȥʱע⵽ܱʯͷӶ࣬
˵̫ϹڵĵطһʯͷɽסģԼЩסĵطȻγɵĶѨĥɵġ
λǸŮӣûȻܹڳһͨ˵סǼһĵطС
ֻҪҵӣСѰҵľˡ
˵ţӵ۾ԽԽ
ݵؿ̫̫Ȼ뵽ôࡣ
ôҲ뵽ģͷǿ˯ɣ֪컹ʲô£һҪϢãҪͷŲӡ
ţ̫̫Ҳ˯
ŮߵŮеʱѾˣڴ˵ôû˯ʱ򣬾ߵͭ
ְѺ챦ʯԿ׺Щ³Ϣػ谴ڴ֬֬ƿźɴ߳š
ǡǸŮҲ߳촩ǳɫý£洩ɫȹͷ׹٣ޱ߱һɫ޻һᣬ˿Ǳ
ǰǰ㣬ȻŮӵ߳խߵ
Ҳߵľ·ķ׷׶
ɫ糣һǰһߡ
ͻȻһľ·֮ǰŮӶһƫŮȸ񣬵˯òôãʲô𣿡
һƫͶÿŮӲһüë۾Ӹͦ촽΢һֻꡣ
۽µǿźɫ룬Ȼ
ֿһۣ˯óʲô
ֵĿΧ˿طҾʲôģˣ˵˵ء
ŮɫһףȻָʲô
ɲǣطʲô࣬ࡣ
ֶ˵ͷſ첽뿪ڶͭʱѾǸһζһεĵط
ǸŽߵˣͭ壬ͭͣº󣬵ĿΣͲˣ˰ľ˳ųУҺͷ
վǰͷŮӾĵŵ
һӣͷǸɴŮӡ
վţмŮһɴͬɫɴǴϡ
̫ϹÿʮŻеĺӣϤϤ̣Ժæҡ
ţЩȻǶûд̫Ϲȵӡ¸˲õ飬ҲкڵģҪҲš
ǡ
ʮһӣŽŲڵשϣӽŵͷ
ûŵ׾ů
ǰľȻʣʳŮӣö˿ԼŮŮĵЦ
Ųÿһ㶼ֺ꣬칬͵ŵ
һߵ˿һˣЦ߹ɫtjôˣ
мֲģĺģˡ
٣㻹ʲôģµһЩĻɫʻء
ʲôԺеʱ򡣡
ȴȥˡ
µĻӻ֣ߵʱڿĴɴµŮɽץһѣˡ
˵Ժͷˣһأͺһ㣬ҪȻ͸Ǹһŵ
°Ǳָָǿȥ
ǽĵطе¥ݣߵһ岴Ѫ۾ɵôȥŮʬ
ŮʬýСʮŮࡣ
ͷΪ˵קˣˣ˵ײ̨תǴ
ǣоʹˡ
˷ϸϸľ˿Ǹˣ˺͹ǲһźĹˣҲкźĹˣ̫ϹȵĹأùˣ㹻Ĳͷ̫ϹȾͻһյϢػ裬ǹ˲⣬ͷ㣬յϢػ͵ò
ǽգͿʼϢػ裬Ѿγ񫡣
һϢػ輸֣ؿھͲԾطƣͷ
*
лҪ˵


48 
ûзϢػ裬 ҲװʹһģϢػ̬
صͷǽһ㡣
ֻｨǿķ䣬 мһԲ̨ Բ̨߰˸ŮӺ裬ȹƮҡʤա
ܵķŰͼʽӣһȥ ̬ٳ
һۼˣ ĹѹһŮ£ааЦŶԴ˵ʲôûɫ
ߣò ¶һػ׵ĺӣټ˰ߵķ⣬ ǻͷͷˡ
˶𾴣ֻЦŵ˱𼱣 Щģ ڵҩཻ Թ档
˰ߵĹ˿ϧ̾˿»صϵŮϣ ж೤ʱܵã
ˣ ̫֮Ϲȵҽͻһһҩԡ
˵ ߵͫһ
󣿣
ֻҪҽһ ûϢػһᱩ¶

̫̫ ô죿Ӽ۾ð ҲܵûϢػһᱻֵģʱ򡭡
ͬļûεĻᣬ浽ʱֻڼ
ִסĵط첽ȥҪһѾܣһݾߣܵŶû
ѵĻô֪ܵĶҪΧ˲٣ϵͱסˡ
Ҳļ٣ͷһ󶼱񶨡
С
С
С
ͻȻһ紵ϡ
ͣסŲ̧ͷѾǰɸ˿صĴš
ûаͺҹģҲգסĵطһͨڣղ˿磬ǴӲ֪λںδͨڴġ
ֶΧʯڣⲻŹһ硣
Ӳ֪ԣ̫̫ʲô
ϡֵ
ϣüëˣʲô
Ȼɻͷˮ̫̫ʲôʲôҲʣ׵Ա߸һҡ
̫ɽʯͷɽɽҲˣ֮ѨڳסˣѬǣϼʯڱ档
ӷ˾ţָ֮ʹˣҲûҵһֻϵӰӡ
ߵߣ̫̫ūûУǱҵ𣿡
ֽűѾٵָһƬȻͣסűԼɢһѣһɣѸٰԭˣǸûȥˡ
ӣУ̫̫а취ǲǣ
ţȥ˵
úúãҾ֪̫̫ɴˣһа취ġ
ζ챣ӡ

Ӳʲô£ȥ֮ţҪʸס
ְߣֻü·ϣҴӷŵһζ
Ǹܵʲôϵ
ζܵûϵζƮԭܵϵ
ֻмǰʱŻɢϣҲΪӡ֤ǷҪꡣ
ǲֻ˵øһ㣺סĵطɽȻг̵ĶѨ꣬һСľͻᱻˮࡣ
棬Ҫĳ˷һˮ
ܵطط࣬ˮ͸ԱطأʱֻҪһˮĵϣҵܵط
еļƻ˽űԴȥϵ塣
ظǽū澾ȥˮˮˡ
ҡͷڲУҪ꿪ʼ˲ſԡ
ôŮÿϴ磬õˮˮȥˣ϶ᱻǰ޺ãû˿ô
Ҫģǵȡ
һꡣ
ķݶľģ߸ߣྵ졣
Ķһֺ۾ʱעߣһʱʱʱ
ⲻ֪ҹɺһƬͻfȻֺ۾ʹʱ˴˷ŮӵıԹ
˰ɣҷǶЬ׶ʪˡ
¨õߴȥմˮ

͵شӴϺɫɴ£ӰڴϣԽ࣬Խױע⵽ڷһ
˵꣬ڳȥ
𴲵ʱȻżбԹģխߵϻֻм˯ŵŮ
Сشܱ߹˳ʯߡ
ǶϢػ˵ģټĵطȻûˣֹŲŵשһ·Сܵڴ
ķһһҵغΪ꣬һǳǳˮ
Ůϴˮйȥˮʯͷש鶼Ⱦǳǳ֬۵ɫ
һж̫˳ˣ˳ֺ¡
ˮһ㼸޵ĹʯͷߣٰұϣȻѸٷӡ
ſһ˫δ۾ݺ˿û°ɣ˳𣿡
ֵͷߵԱߣӲϵࣺʲô⡣
ǾͺǾͺãߣֵ׶ûУҪμĻ³ȥ˷֣ȥˡ
ֲɾϵ࣬ˮɾһԭλ
ȻѰϢػĴ֬֬װ̫Ϲʱ·ڴͻȻӣ㶯Ϣػ裿
һ٣ðΣͷһš
ץס֣û˵ӽŵ̫̫ԭΰɣλŮ˵ģϢػ費ɽ⣬ֻҪմˣҲ벻̫Ϲȡ
𣿡
ûС
øҡ
̫̫
øң
ֵɫֲˣԼɼ
Ӳ˵ѲŵǿϢػóݵֵ
ô֬һĺɫҩ裬̧־ҪԼš
Ŀѣץס֣̫̫ūҲˣū֪ˡ
᲻ͣعʪա
һʼΪϢػȥҲû̫Ӱ죬ǷʱѹһЩģʶԼȫһ
ÿÿҹÿʱỵ̈Ϣػζӣ֣ȫ¸ץӣܵú޲õԸܻһʱ̵
֪ԼʲôʱĿְڴ֬֬ϢػϣȻһš
ǣҳԡ
ֵֶ֣ʧ
ֺܣܵÿҪܲס
׵ϣ첻ҿ޳
ַͷϣʵҲڿĵĶ
͵̧ͷܣÿζûгȥܿ³ˡ
ߣµٿ죬Ҳˮһ飬һҩױˮһΣѴһЩҩԡ
ÿ³ҩ裬ǲѪɫˮһС¹ȥҲֵһϢػˡ
*
лҪ˵
һ¸Ҫȥˡ
˼ȥǰˋֶסֶһ˿


49 
ȸղøף Ϣ
ףΪʲô̫̫ҲҪʹֻ࣬һĥͺˣ
ԣ ֻҪһû Ͳȷֵ
ӿͷū̫̫ģֻҪ̫̫һ죬ū澾ͻһ졣
𽥶 ߵ˽Ų
ָһʹ򿪴һۣ ȴûԼҪĶĽȥ
̫С
ǸŮνܵڣ
ĸڳ˲ӣ
ɽ֮ڳȥӣһӶȥˡ
 òһӡ
̫Ϲ׼ĹأڷԼû㹻Ϣػҩԣ ԼסˮЩʯͷ͹ǰԼ˺顣

Ϥͭ Ƭط翪˵͹ ߵȫյĽŲ
վҪϴ ׼ѽӦȥÿ춢ϢػǸݸ߸Ȼˣ  ȡˣ ϴɾɴ˴˴ǰȥ
ݸ߸㻹ǵһټ¯ 컯 ҲҲڶˡ
ʰʰɣ ˵˸ܸͣȤһޱȵļ۸ء
˵߻֣˶·ЬΡ
̫ϹȵˣȫǸ벻Ҫ˵ǹ͵ʲôˡ
ףˣǾƲȥģ̫̫࣬Σա
ɫ糣ضݸ߸ԣൽʱŮȥҽ鲻ãҪź򡣡
٣㵱ʲôطˣݸ߸ˡ
һȻǾ㣬ߵǼֲҡ

ݸ߸û뵽ԼҲбʱ
¯أõϢػ趼õģмʲôӡ
ҧгݣУŮҴߣͭһ㣬ҪǲҾͻԼ¶
һ֪ˣ˵ı顣
ݸ߸һߣ̰·ϣǿֻһ·ľƣסӵ֣ߣ
һߵ˷׷״ͷ·ʹĿֻǿȼߵľںɫˮ˿š
첽߳ߵֽŲһתû˳ͨ۵·ȥǴˮǸطߵұߣ۾ѸЩķɨ
żЩŮסŮӿӣһľҲϽƿĿ⣬

ڶͭ
Ѿߵмλá
סķ˳ƳĶѨһ濿ɽڣмһǳխģ֮ܳΪ·ķ϶
ȹѾ߰ڶͭͷңͻȻһϸСˮע⡣
ſһֻǰһͷĳʪɽڵЩľһ̦
ֶڷӵ䣡
ЩӻȻһ壬ûдӣֻܴ룬óⱲٶܵߵڣһ첽߻ȥ
ߵŮӶѾȥֻۣǼŮΪԼӴɨӡ
ȥֺӣ΢΢Щ졣
Ҳʲôɫͷ߸ӵҲҵǼ֮ϸС
Ҳϵرֳɪɪӣū澼ǵãŵʱ򻹴ˣӦߵˡ
ˡæҶһι

ͭˡ
Ѿ˲˦һЩŮȻӿ죬ߵ˳ҵǼӱ޶µķš
Ȼûһϵûȫɢȥ
ӿ˿İ裬ţֻ̫̫һʱˣԿ׵ĵط
𼱣ܼһҵġְѺ챦ʯɨĳ衣
Ѱ˼ŮĹ뷿࣬ױӵһȱ
ǸҵŮôҪ۷ʲôطء
Ҫ˳֣Ҫܹױ˷֡
ֵĿ̸ǵĴϣӣҰѱ̸ǶӺʹǽϵذûиԿ׿ӲСס
ǡϹȥһ𣬰ѴϺıƿڴһһز鿴Ȼһ̸̻߰ȥ
˰Ѵ˸飬ʲôû֡
ֻܰϣǽϺ͵ذϡ
ͻȻ˼鿿ɽڵǽʱྵĽŲԶ
ͭѹݸ߸ˡ
ֶϸһ㱡鿴ֵµǽ棬Ȼһǲͬǽĵط£ϵĺ챦ʯԿװȥ
Ƶ𣬿޷ʯͷǽ½Ŀ龹Ȼѿ¶һͨ
ֽӣȥ
֪ͷһ̵鶼Ҫ˵ȥ
Ҳȡ˺챦ʯԿףǽϵһ̣ϡ
ĽڶڶǻҲڷȫ᲻
ӳˡ
ǾȻӳˣ
ӵֲָ֣ĺڰ֪̫Ϲȵ˻᲻ᷢܵǿߡ
áҲ֣ǰͷǰ
һǰһƬֻ̲ͣݵһϸεܵС
ܵʯͷ϶ѵԸƳֲ֪Լ˶ãֻ֪Ķɾ촽ָɣأ򵽵ѾǵѪζ
۾Ҳʼż˵߽ʱҪӦһ
ڣΪԼҪܵʱǰ̫̫Һ񡭡ѩ
ССܵڣ͸һЩϸϸѩӶƮΧиɿݵĻĲݡ
ִһ㾫̸ɬĺ
ۡ
Ͷ˴Ӷڳų˵ѩϡ
۾ձߵѩͻȻᡣ
ץѴѵѩѵ촽˺һϸϸĿӣȾߵѩ
Ц棬ץѩֲ
ȸͻȻֵŵɣص
ʮǰиĸ۰֪˼伲ࡣ
ʮ޸Ծ˳¸̫̫Ȼڸ˿ԾӦ谮мӣ£ֻ֪
ʮ꣬ףΪͶ
ڣӳǸ˵ĵط
жٸʮ갡Ȼ䵽ء
¬ϣǡ
߬ѩ
þȫվ̫̫ߣ
ܵĳһɽȫǺĸõҶΧǸߴľ
ֱ󣬿˿ΧǱ͵̫Ϲȵʱ룬Ӧû뿪ʢǡ
̧ͷ죬Ǳߡ
ط˵ķȥ
ϴĻ̫Ϲȵ·ڵصײ䣬һ͵ֵסһҲûһů͡
ھһأû˿ɽĴ̣һʯǽԺڲԶԺǰĵﻹɫѣɫñӵŮժˣиСӡ
ǸմǸħӳ䱸ĺǿҪǿǸСŮҲȥͷ
ãСŮСŮɰģӦðȫöࡣ
ֺӻ߹ȥĺȿǣָָԱߵŮ˵ʦʦˡ
´ñ긾ֱɽǰСϿȥֺӵӣæסλʩĶˣ
ܵôãֵȫҲң˵԰׵ɫȫѪ촽˵Ǵ˶Ҳš
û뵽ŮӾȻãʦǽʿʢݣû뵽˽ٷˣǵȫҲƣҵɷɱˣҺӴҶ㵽ˮӳһ
캮ضʵ߲ˣʦޣ壬ȥʢݡ
˵Ǳƭˣû뵽˾Ȼ˻£ͬ˾ţӷ˷뼺㣬ʩȻܵ˴Ե˵Щ
ܣҰλʩȥ
ǡлܵҪЦЩʮӣӣǼܣֵԼǱһ뱧ȥ
ȥֲſʮּ©
ӭƬϡ᷿סĵط
۾ǴǼ䷿˲࣬Ҳ٣λʩһҽлܸյˮůůϡ
лʦְͷϵһֻ۾ҺˣҵʦССɾ⡣
۾ʲô̵Ķɰˣƶ᲻á
ʦŰɣҺѾ߶Ÿλʦˣİ
ĳϣ۾ŽջУϵЦࡣ
ûһ׳Ļ̧ԡͰˮˮһĲȥտ
źϴ裬ˮС̫̫ʲôʱʢǡ
Ҫӳ飬¬а֮ҶʢѾûˡ
*
лҪ˵
·ϡ
ʱˡ


50 
ĸ ¸ҲزȥûиĸƼƮûз
ƾڵ Ҫ¬Ϻͳǣ ڳ˵Ρ
ϴ裬ϸ·ְѻĴ̫ϹȴԼպãЩȻ·࣬ ֵӣ ܽȼü֮
ʩիˣ𣿡ʰãܵ
ִţ վ档
ЦŶԻܵлʦիã
ܻ٣ ˼ŮֻоŸˣ Զһի λʩǲ͸һá
 ܸʦիҺӸм
Ǹɡ
ܲǸ໰ˣ˵תߣ תǡ
־ܵǸģ 㲻ƣ ദҲɵöࡣ
ִӸȥ 粢磬 ߱صǹʱֻһã ʦô뵽ﶨӡ
çʮǰģʱֻҺˣ˵ԭãһѰ˼ҵס˵Ķʢ˴Ͱլ͸һס˳տտӡ
־ȼ˼ŮӺŮͳλʩá
أǸǸƵˡ
Щǰ궬Ⱦ˷纮ûȥԲˡ
ǸֿóܶǸи飬֪Լʵ˱˵£ԼǸ⡣
ҡҡͷȥúܰ꣬ʩصǸ
ߣڷ֮˶ԣԲŲյ㡣
˵ŻĹѾߵǰԺĵڶ᷿᷿һ̨Ϸһڴڡ
һûˢĳӷ᷿м䣬ˡ
ֺܴӽȥʱ˵Ŀⶼܡ
һĶִַ󣬳¾ɵĻɫۣȴ÷·ӣװ׵Ƥˮ촽ϸϸŻɫҲϡ
۾һʹЩõס޵ʩŮתͷ˵ʩõʦ̫
ӷ𣬡ʦ̫˫ֺʮںţüĿ
ȴòȡˣﰵһ㣬˫ֺʮ񣺡߶ţʦ̫
»۾ϸ˵˵ʩǽʿ
ǡ
ôܵʢ̽أʢǧǴ죬ʩļ˲·ϼա
ʦ̫ɲǻ۾ô򷢵ģִʣɫݵصʦ̫Ƿһ˲ɣһҲҲ
̫үһ붬ͿȼһһգۿžҪˣһЩʢСŮ
ҼҷСТ˳֪ϸͷ˷ѩҴӽϸʢ룬¹ٵͱһΧסǴŵĲﻹ㣬ɱڡ
ҷͼͶɱֻҺӳ
˵Уʦ̫ǵҲ
ãԼδˣϽûֺܰӴ£ָʢһࣺĶǿˣȳЩӡ
лʦֹ̫Ծؽӹ룬Ͳ˫ӡ
ԵĲãÿ˶һִֵײӺ͸Լ֪ʲôʳĺںڵͷ
Щɤӣܹܱ
ֲź˰СͷͳԲ¡
СŮСθڲСؾͰԼǷݳˣ۾סֵ￴
ֶ֣СŮߵ½ǣˡ
ǵֲʳջߵָǰ
ְ໹ͷݸǣ԰ɣҳԵʱע⣬ࡣ
ʦ̫֪ʲô಻ģӣõˡ
ǰ꾰ãũǳе£Ҫ˼Ȳ
ôᵽʢһЩĵطȥأǶ˼Ҷ࣬ݷҲҪЩ
ᵽ𴦣סĵطһ⣬ͷߣеء
ô죬һԵʳͲ٣ûǮȥҪ
ȻЩƫԶЩôǹٸϵģÿ껹ԵЩȼãȥ˱𴦣ʲôûˡ
ǰûӴãһ֪ٸҲߵеǼᡣ
Ȥʦ̫Ҳţ˵ơ
ԭǰЩʱЩǲҪǼģֻҪкãܳһ̯ӡ
³ҡײƭļٺмãֳü׮󰸡
ڵʥϵǻ󣬾Ա飬һʱڵٸǼǣҵǼ֮ǰҪֶԷѧΡ
ôһͨɸĳģ˲١
ǸʶĶ֣ͨѧģﾹȻʶĶ֡
뵱ʥXйһ֮Եû뵽ƫƧû£ĸо
극ʦ̫õ
ֺӶǷˣص᷿
Ƴǳ˯⽥ӿȴôղ۾¡
ҲûʲôԱ
ͻȻǰ˵ϤĹǻ
ֲشӿ
̫Ϲȵˣ
̽ŹϣŶϸҸӴ˸ʱܵ׼
ţ־ò̫Ϲȵˣ澹Ȼнܲʻ̫󼸸ۡ
ƫƧãѵԻɣ
ֲ֪ԼһôģȻӴһǰ淿ӵĽӴһǽǱߵĶ
ֻʦ̫ЩеصˣҰãʲôͨ𷨵ˣΪܲʻ̫£ʵʤβˡ
Ǵ˴Ҫʵ̫࣬ʢҲҲΪǣ㿴ôǻôԶֽŶ춳ˡ
Ҿͷˣպ˵񲿱ţÿöǵǼģһС
磡˵꣬ٲ˸磬һ̶뿪ƫƧãһΪѵʦ̫վԭء
Щ֣ԴͻȻһͷ

ǰõĳ·ǽ
˹ҵǡ
˹¬Ҳûʲôɾµġ
ǣƾʲôأ
ʥXǻŹ˶ʮ긻ǿ֮ӡ
أ
Ѿʮˣ޸ԾΪ
ʶؿǽڣֱһ㱡ѩŻصݡ
ӿѩɾŲ֣̫̫ͣʲôأ
ʧ㶵ؿعûûʲô
ȻͻȻӣûǸôˡ
*
лҪ˵
ɣŶ


51 
ӱʵһ㶡
ϣ
ǿ̫Զˣ Ǵ賿ٳ¸ҲûǴҲûе̧ͷϵ׳ʲô
̫̫ôͻȻˣ֡
򴽣 Ѹղȫ˵ˣղҳȥ ʢǵĹٲãҪó˽Ϊܲʻ̫о
澪棺Щٲ¿ãôԶĵط̫̫ ͻʲôϵǸܲʻֲ̫Ǹ
ң ӵֲܽ
һ뻹ͻȻӦЩˣ ţ̫̫
ܵĲܵģ ǽȥʲôء
Ϊʲôܡ
ӣǿԸõ ǵ Ľȥ
֪ºΣա
ʼҵ¿ݲÿЦ һǼٰû鱻֣ԵľɱͷĴ ˭ҲȲǡ
ղŵϸϸ˼ ־ã ĿǰΪֹ뵽õ·
ᶨ Ѿ⡣
ӾͰеͨͨ׵Ժ󣺡Ȼ̫̫Ѿˣ Ǿͷȥɣ ū澴ϾС
ɽ¡
֪һ˿ڰɵʱ򣬻ܶһյ͵ƣһֵŷ磬ֹƱϨλʩЩ£Щƶȥ÷ɡ
ϷЩ󣬹εľص
ܶŵ͵Ʋ㱻ָϽסֱһֹͣҡɿ֡
ͷлʦ
ʩ
ܲԴǣŵǰͷǰ᷿û£վ̨ҷַꡣ
Եĺ࣬ͷûʲôζ
سţ۽ʦ̫ϡ
ʦ̫Ϊٲգһ𼸴ַ£ʢիĻ£ӲҪҪȥУ
ʦ̫ڰ֣ǰֵã˵˭ȥá
þôط֪Ķ֪ˡ
ܺʺϣģ̫ɡ
һߵĻ۾Щˣҿʺϵ㣡
ܵͷȷʵʺϡ
۾
һȭͷ޻ϵĸо۾ø˵ʦ̫ҿһл۾۹͹ˣֻǻ˶߹꼸¾ͻ
ܻһһ۵ص˹ǻ£òá
۾ͷð̣ô˵أ
ˣɺͳʦ̫ԩ޲ߣȶԻ۾ﲻͷϣ¶࣬һСľͻǻ£ܷ˹⸱Ƣԣ
㣬ʦ̫˵۾˵ܣҲǣ۾ô˵Ҳʦ㣬ܵˡ
ܻ۾ѵ⣬˵
ʦ̫̾˿
£ʮһˣСȻų⣬ʣ¾Ҫȥ
Ǵ߹ȥŮӣϴշػУһ󳡺ϣ˵Լʦ̫͵ġ
ʵ۾˵ҲûеӴתÿ죬ٲæңȱҲԣϲ̰СˣеǮۿ
ʦ̫һȦһ£ȶ»۾ͻܣʣµٿ˭ȥ˵һ
䣬ҳԷܿ죬Ͷ͵ƻظסķ䡣
Ƕһ仰ȻȥԼһȥʦ̫סķ䡣
ʦ̫Ѿ˯ˣʣ˭
ֵʦ̫ңϡ
ʦ̫·ţվⱻ紵ͷ֣˿
͵ƵоһЩתϣɣůһЩ
ʩƶ᣿
ʦ̫ͲСˣ۽ǴһƣĿҲ
ĿȷûƣֱصЩʦ̫ʽס
ѲŵĶŵʦ̫Ĵϣʯۼˣӳʦ̫ӨӨġ
ʦ̫ɫһࣺʩʲô
ֵ֪ʦ̫һ𣬲Щ֮ֻʦ̫˵ûʲôֻܴƫƧСɽиͷʹȵģҪŵдӼ
Щʦ̫ȥʢܱأǸãԶһЩӣһ㡣
ˣȻҲ𡣡
˵Ի˵ǡ
ʦ̫ԭʩбֻƶʵ벻ףɽҰСʩͼʲô
ģû˵ֻЦŶʦ̫ʵҪĶܼ򵥣˺õˣҲʦ̫˵
ʦ̫ɫЩ
ܶǮƲĵֻһС飬˵ƫԶõ
һ˵˺˺Լиҡڡ
Ƭ̺֣ʩƶʲô
΢΢ǣ΢΢ŵķˡ
ʦ̫Ҫý
ʦ̫ò˼飬ʹǲöϵĵط˵һˣһֻӬɽȥҪʮ˴¸ܡ
ȻҪӣƸãȴԴæҡͷƶΪʩǿ߰ɡ
ʦ̫𼱣ʵ˵ܼ򵥡
ҺѾǡˡֻҪ˵һãܰ޷ȥ
ݵˣʦ̫ԸһǮ뿪Ӵ˲ٻʵó˳˻ܣûһĸԸģǱƲѲƶӡ
ֻҪӶݵһӣǿ϶߸˵ȥ
ʱ򣬻ڹʵͻɱ֮ʦ̫˿϶վһߡ
ʦ̫ɵҲ뵽ЩֽЩУʩǺƺüı
̫ˣٸȡ
лʦ̫
ֹʦ̫ţһסķȥ
ɢȣһƬ
쿪ʼ־ͳ׸ϣˡ
ǸɥĹѸ
ҲǸĻʧ֮ˣ
ǣȴҲ֡
ɸ׸Ȣ֣վҪɲ˵ܡ
Ʋ㲻֪ʱ紵һЩ˲٣Ӹ߸ߵţ
ƿţ˶ͷϵϸѩЬѽůĿϣݺݵش˸顣
һֱû˯ŵӰô̫̫˳𣿡
ţʦ̫ȡ
ҪȰ˫ֳۣķ٣̫̫ͷãϧ
ͷ׾ͺʵֺʲôٴʲôͷζÿ
ͻȻСū澻ûװأǰЩ̴ţܺˤͷ
֪Ҫװˣ˵ʲôɲɣֻˡ
ҡͷҾ֪
*
лҪ˵
һ
ðˣдһ²ӵֽװһͰˣӶʹˡ


52 
ڶ죬 Ǹʵĺ
ʦ̫ټˣֺӼȣΪһԱϢ չʴҶԶڴ˳飬
˵ʵܻ۾ǶûֻǳΪһ·ˣòһ죬 һڵء
ʦ̫˵µʱǶ㶣 ʾ顣
ˣλʩɡ
վڵ⣬жͷλͷ󱳵ֺһһ߽ ׼õϡ
ʦִ̫һƺڳͷ ﲻ֪૵ʲôһ ͷڵϡ
ţ ೤ڵϣȫ̺굶ϸϸعΡ
ˢˢˢڵ ߸ϵʹüۣǿŵڵˣ ʲôû
ûһ ʦ̫˺һ 굶Ẓ̇ ȡ´ּϽ鷢ĺڲ
ͷѾûͷڸǣ ¶׾ͷƤ ۾˫ֶʦ̫ߵͷ
ʦ̫Щͷ̾
ͷֻͷٵȱݱ¶ţвġ
ļġŮӡȴͬüԽ࣬鶯
ӦǾ䣬ӴҲҼ
һľķִݵǰ쳾Ѷϣ徻Ժϡ
ִͨͨľģ㣬ҲûƯ·Ķǰ޺ζͲǰ
˫ֽӹͷַ飬ߵס
ԱߵҲһȣڷ顣
ʦ̫ܿ죬ŮȵĵڶˣֺӶ˵ķš
ַŵ£ӷŻ
һ죬ʦ̫Żܻ۾ͶˣŸԵСܴ·ϣһǳһŵѩʢȥ

ʢ·еԶɽС·
һ˶ǡŮ֮Ҹҹ·ֻܳŰʱ߿һ߳һ㡣
ֺӶûԹ࣬һ컹ܸϣڶ˺档
£ҡ
ۿѩԽԽǰ滹û˼ңֵǰԼİøһ㡣
أûиܿݸñʣʦ㣬ǻж೤ʱܵʢǡ
ûֵԭҲģͺͱ֣Ҫлܻ۾ʦ㡣
һʼֻЩĲ˿ڣ·ͽ˳ˡ
ʵǻ̫ܸɣͣϢҲ𣬴ˮûᣬûɵġ
ҪڣԵĿͷҪ
ܿ˿ܵľɽٷǵɽ꣬һСׯСׯٳϰվ͵ʢˡ
ƽõʳǻܳû˱Ϥ·
ô˵ֹ˹ϻɫۣͷǰߡ
ǵɽ꿴ŲԶȴ˲ʱ䣬յ֮ǰϵ˻˵ǸСׯ
ǽӵʱպиݳţϺǣͣţλʦȥĶôôѩ컹·
ʦ̫˫ֺʮӷ𣬼ʩ
ƶɽǱߵģӦٸȥʢǡʩ˴лķϵķӣʦͽи֮ء
һ˶ŮӣϺǲдġ
Ǵ嶫ͷǶĿշӣʵõúܣλʦסá
ȵҼȥȥǴ峤ܲܰѸλʦŵһĵطȥ
лʩʩһĳиʦ̫û뵽Ϻĳĳص
Ϻڰ֣ţɣ˽ſɲǺġ
һ֮ã̧Ľţ
ϺѾɱӵ°ڣ˦űӸϳߵ⼸̫䣬Ǵ֮ǰиˣȥɽϴŽֺͷõûо
Դ춳εһʶ˶ԼĽţ⿪ЬӿԼĽֺͷǲǻúõš
ϺĶЦЦλʦŵúõġ
ũûʢͷЩ˽ŮŮ仰¡
ǳˣѾں쳾֮С
־ϲͦ˼ģʵʩô컹ݳȥʲô£
ϺĻƶƣúϴЦ˵˳ȥʦйϵء
˲ãõֽǮҲҼҾרģźȥ
ҼҵˣλʦɣϺסţդΧŵԺӴ󺰣ӣˣյ衣
Цһ٣ܿ죬һΧȹӣţļˣЦ۾λʦ쵽𡣡
ѾΡ

һḾ˺һŮٵĹؿ˿ǣӵķԸȥˮΡ
ʦ̫ڰ֣һ鷳صʲô鷳ʦԵ֣յء
˵ţǵĿֱӰ˴ȥ
ſһĻ裬̿յúģòˡ
ʦ̫ͻܻ۾ñժ£ֳһ£Ҳժ
λḾ˺ŮͰεڵϡ
۾εʦ
ˡ
ǴĴ廨Ҳ˵Σʮһ֦
Ŀǰȣȫ֪ôȷ
ͻȻЩнָǰĵӲ˲ʦҸʦˮɣˮûζ֪Ǻǻ׼ȥĹģСŮ˺üζû⡣
Ƕô˶ˮǴֱ֮ˡ
ָϽסţʩ˿ˮͳɡȻҲٲŵӣüͷûȥ
Ӹ˵úܣҪҸǰ˵һΪžŮء
Ḿ˺ŮҲ̿ϼǯӣη濾Ŀһֱ̲ס
ֻؿһۣ̿Ҫ졣
ԱЦյֶߣŮ
οý࣬պźǳȥҴ峤ϺһͿһΧ֣һԴƵأıƫǾıƫ
Ϻȥ峤˵ˣ˵ʦǿסңҴ£겻̸Ƕţòȥط
̫ˣͷʩ
ͷֻλʦ˶ǳأ϶òǵߡ
ʦ̫ǳŴĸʣĶ࣬ûһ¾С
ȻʦǾҼҵĻһ£ȥϢһһҪȥʢøʦһ·
ǵĺ·ϺʱͿʼˣһ첻·ȥ˵Ŀⶼ̲סˡ
õĸ峤ϴ˵ͷ˯
ڶ죬ոԼõϺͷǡ
һţϺţƨ˦±ӣţѩ׵Ļѩʢʻȥ
*
лҪ˵


53 
ϺҪȥ㣬 Ǻǵ
ʦ̫һ··Ӻͻܻ۾ȥ񲿣ܿǷַ· ʱʱؾܿɫɫɫ۵ã Ƕһȥ
񲿣Ǽɽ˺Ķܼһŵĺ
Ѿ˻ӴյñߣСصǸÿɡ
ʦ̫һ վڽĻȥ ֻ񲿴ǿضվżʮɫۣͷɫñӵãΪ׵ǸͲ ò࣬Ϻպա
һһǶȣ һֵķ龹Ǳ̵
ٿв 洦ɼľͷģ Ȼͬãһһ¡
ܱߵƺ׹ٸҵᣬ û˴չк
ЦЦ
˭˵ѵɺ쳾˲β͸ơ
Ȼ ڿյӿԽԽˣ һҪʱ ʮٱӵһٸӳ ʾҰ  ˴λ빬Ϊܲʻ̫о֮£ɱȫȨ𡣡
ڣͰչٸǼ˳һһ˶ԸԵݡ
񲿵ļ˵һתȥ
ˣӹİǱӴ֣ʮˣ
Ǳ˵ɵģŰɫ۵ڵһĽ֣ȵôŶǹԱ
ԱһضղϼصķԼòȷùԱһߣһá
ȱеģڶ࣬λʢãʲô֣ǻʼﻹм䷢ҵ
ն֡÷֡޹ֵȶʢ˶ʢá
յϵ٣еԽԽ࣬Χȥ
ֻʣǡ
ɤ۶ð̶񲿹ԱŲһ֣ѣϽ֣֡
˵һս֣ʦ̫߹ȥ
Աǣʦֵ̫ģôñϽȡ
ʦ̫ȡñߵ·Ϸѩ̫󣬴ñѩ˺Ļܻ۾ֺҲȡ
ֻԶĹԱǼһɨͻȻľ
ֹԱߵĹٱҲĿɿڴ
㣬ǰָ֡
֪ʦ̫Ķø߸ߵģ©ڶ
ɫ糣ǰԹԱаݣƶ£ˡ
һŲĻɫ޷ۣͷϴŻ˵ñӣƫƫƤüˣ±ַֿʵķڣҲܴӷ۵֪δԼˡ
ʲôˣֱ񱻷ӡĻ֮ûΡ
Ա˺ðЩɬصǵ£
ǡ
ֵ֣ͷ˿ӣٸǼǣǺԶʮˣʮꣿ
ǡϵôɺϣԭȵĵ£ͬһֻ·ݲͬ£ǳϦҹǰһ죬¶ʮš
ԱеԺֿӣջϼǺţȥɣţǽܲʻ̫귨¾ͿԻǵˡ
лˡ˫ֺʮ׵ͷñʦ̫ȥԱߣǶѾţţ½½Щ˽

ʵʵشԼĹ
̫Ϊܲʻ̫ڤ鿴˭˳ۣȥǰҲʹ졣
Ϊܲʻ̫ǻ׿µּ⣬Ǹ˵²ԣֻװƣŲ
ʺǸˣȻɳΪı߻ı߿Ĵ£˿մĻףֵЩܲʻ̫ö𣿡
ļ磺սĹѾڹﰲˡ˵̫ЩãҪҪȥ
ȥʲô治ûǼٲ㲻֪
ڱƻϵͷȡܲʻ̫ء
ū֪ɻ϶̫𾴣ȥ̫ԱТģڻǶҸ
ԴʱãʱľϷ֣㣬˭ģ
ֵܲʻ̫󡣡
㶼֪ô벻ء
̫ƾò˳ڣһξС
ڶµĹأλµĺǲ׼ӻŮģԻǳڵ̫ͶʱĵҲǺܲʻ̫ĺҲȻر˵ǰ
ΪѲûX۰ģŶ̫Ҳݼڣʱ˽ȥǰ˵˳X棬ĸ衣
X󣬹ＸѳĻӶһ͵߹أȻǿ˵㣬ȫ
˭ҲûϵĴӻΪıɽ䷢ңϣѹЩʮʮĻӣǻΪۡ
ԣܲʻ̫ȻûXXѳĸ̫ҪXǻһ겡ںָ̫ء
ŷӦԼİ˻£Լһӣū޶ۣû
˺ˣʺ󿿵ӭϣŴ׵ֵ֣ͷ۵ȥЩûкʵģҸη𾭡
ǣūȥ
˶Ůߵõ˸սţҪұߵС߹ȥͷĹŮͻȻ˸׸񣬸һ͵ִк֣ôˡ
ʺͷţѰʦƪ𾭡˵ţ߹õɨ
ּǵÿ̫ٵʱźʺԼ
ְͷ͵òٵͣ΢΢һƫƫ
ǰͷȻǽ֡ն֡Լ޹ֵȣžȻǸһ֮ĸֱͦˡ
ǵŬչʾûа׷ѣִ¿˿˽ֵʦ̫
ֺݺݺ˿²ɵø̾ûվǰͷȻһд㶼Ҫˡ
Եǹͷ仰һû˵
Ůҵʺߵ˰£˱ʣµ˽һŹǵλʦӽס֮רŵ֪
ò˵˹һиҲĿ
ֵһ˼俿ߵסȥ
Ǹܲʻ̫½žᦣõ̸Ҳɫֿ˿ĿĿʦ̫Ϣһ㣬컹֪ʲôţΪƣ۳
˵öԣϴϴ˯ɡ
ܱߵӶסõˣʼϸϸأš
ǽ˯ܻ۾мӵȴû˯ţű紵÷Ĵֽ֪ʲô
*
лҪ˵


54 
̫̫˯Ժģ û˵յǶ̫£ôû˯
ʮ̫̫ һһϦܸĹģ Ӳת˿ڣ˳ְѱҴҴȥ
ջŴӵĿ⣺Ͼ˯ˡ
бЩ˯㿴˯ö죬 Լ˯ˡ˳¸ ӵӴ˲٣͵
ЦˣסѼ죺úúãҷԽԽˡ
ӲūĽеӴ 붫ģһͻǣ һв֢
ѵûԸһŷ𣿡
־ȣ𣿡
ӵУ
ô˵ֲ룬 ȷʵ
̲סһ룬 һ ʮٲ
ǰЩûģ 롣
ԺҪģ Ҳ롣
֪ˣ ʼ磺ūû˵ɡ
߰˰ ū֪ ܣ ūҲȰ㲻룬ֻһ㣬ЩЩˣǶܳ⻰ū澵ġ
һͻȻЦЦ
ӾһֱҪôܼXҪôڹվȽŸҪôҳǺ¬ϡ
ӵĻһжҪˮɲõġ
XܴһܳĻӣѳһõĵǵòԻġ
ԻһʱҲԻһ˵ȥǺ¬ϡ
˳ȻôͷȻֱ
ְѱӵ˯ˡ
Ŷ⼫ˣű۾֣İֱۻּϣرһ¡
ڶ죬ѵ磬Ůרˡ
Ǹ̫࣬ᣬѾͳһ˵λӽ𣬾ڴΪܲʻ̫ʮղſꡣ
ʮգλһʲôС˼Сȥ
̫Щòһ£˵껰С̫ǰѳɶѵľֽԼֽǮᵽ
νֹҪЩž˺µĿհֽǳġ
Ķ͵ˣˣЩǰͷİľȥ۵λá
ںͷĲòе۵Ļд顣
ֱһոµֱֽͻȻ˴Ӻһѣ˵ֽüලǵ̫ɫƵؿʲôأëëŵҲʹأ
̫ڹźһȺˣȻЩȨƵãڵ߹
æֽɨԼ˫ѾߵߵĽţͷϴˡСվʱСĲȵ°ڣʵڲġ
̫౳ЩͣͱŮӸЩվűһ㡣
ֵòڵ˺
֣Ҫתֻ֣ĸطģŽʲô
²֪̫ôôԣǲԼǰԼ
ô²⣬ҲֻܵСֵģŵ¡
۾ղѾżֽȥ̫ʻ߹
ʾԼû£԰ꡣ
۾԰ģֻվԱ߶Ҳ
ֻ̫಻˵ʲôֻǶ˵˾ԺСһ㣬Ų߳
һߣܺæû¡
ҡͷ°ǵֽղ˫ƶķ˿ûʲôԺСһЩС
ֽ;ȫڿǽһߣŴĶ
˸ˣɵдĶ̫ˣ϶Щɫ
۾һ̲ס˵ѱīֽϣʲô¶֪ͲˣﻹЩ
ֱֻһһֽŵԱߣЩģá
ʱ㵹úˣ˭ϡõֽ
ֱۡЦرǻܣʱʱرϵһЩ˲¡
ֽ۾ӦòǹҪ۾Ա񣬵Чֱ˵Ҫǿ
ܿҲ˼
ָϽ˹ˡ
Щŵֽд֮ǰҪȲüһ£һǷдװҪܲʻ̫ģƽ˼ҵɢɢأƽſɡ
ů裬䣬ϸĥīŲ˱㿪ʼд
𣬴оζûһ̵Ъͣдõľһذȥ
գֳˣճСȵڶǸ̫ƵߵԱߣ˿õһҳ𾭣۾һ֡
ҵЩڹ˼ʮˣվù佱ֻдöˣΨˡ
̫֣ۼȻǸȱˣҲźӣֵģëǡ
˵꣬ͣһµ㳭õľ鶼ȥˣ
ǣȥˡ
ݳúȲȥá
ǡʵֲ̫༸ԼΪʲôǰΣվͷȻڿˣĿ󲿷ֶϡ
ڸǣֱҪдľ顣
ǲҲС
Լڹûκ̣һСȨ̫࣬Բע
ңѾȥ**գû֪X
أ̫ߺ²ȥʡ
̫ಢ֪ţӴóֱǬ幬ȸǬ幬ɨС̫˻ɵأڲڡ
С̫ıĻͲ˵ˣһ˵ص濾أ¶
̫һأǿǴ£ۼɵȥġ
û˵꣬ȥԱߵĸ̫ЪϢĵطˣһȥͿϣ̱һǬ幬̫
Ц߹ȥмĺ¸㡣
۾иʲôĺ£Ǭ幬ѳţۼҾֻܹЩɨصĴֻѹء
٣˵ϸ磬ⲻ簮ôòװλãһˡ
۾˵˵ô죬ͷ˭֪ǰźʺΪʺ˲£ͶЩ˵𣬽Ҹ͸¶֣ܿұ̧ȥ
˵ϵôģҴӻʺҪʣһĳ˵£ʲôҲҸɣʲôҲ
̫һĹЩûٵչˣ
Ǭ幬Ķ֣ʵߵ⻹ͷۡ
ʺҪױ죬ּɵϣ»ġ
ֲо֪ʹ
̫֣м˵԰̻
ܱסԼ㲻ˣʲôء͵˵ЦЦһƫͷȥԼԼЦеõۡ
ŶǶû
*
лҪ˵


55 
ֱ̫ۣǵﲻ
һ亹 ס̫죬ǳԴҩˣʲô˵˵ʲô ʵȥط ҿ
̫ץԼ֣һľɫ
ΰɣ
ģҿ˵һ۵ʱ򣬾;һġ
̫ɫƶЩҡˣ ŵȷϣܺȣ
̫ͷǧȷ
ʲôˣ һƾòðһС֮ҵŮһԾΪ ڼϱȻʿУ˸ٳҲҪŪľɫ˶
Щ˼ ǻһЦɫ ҪȻʹ ȥ磬Ļֻһ
˵ȻЩӶ÷Ϊּˣ ֻǲڣûзȥ
̫ļҳ֣ ȻҪǱղţ Щҩ Ҳϼ꣬ ҪΪ Ҳ䷢ң 쵽ֵĽɽҪˡ
λҲ롣
Щɣҿ񡣡
㲻֪϶䵭úܣǰÿȥʺУŵģһ̶С
̫û뵽滹
һڹǼɣȷҲûX谮һǰʮ·һӣ̧ĵ¾̧ȥ
͵ĶҲǹڵģֶ̰֡
һѾ׼ޱȵĳӣ䵽
̫ãԼ˵»ǿеҪȸȥҪǵͷûϼˡҪҡͷ¾͵ûû
̫ôǸ֪ðˣе㶯ҡ
ⲻˣ΢ҪСССġ
ܵüֺûУûõƾһɧ鷳
룬ȥʲôˣ˵Щ
ЬɶӴк̫ߡ
ԽߣԽòԾ˵ˡǹĸطġ
̫ҽЩӲŴõ𣬾ˡ
һ룬̫һţͷҪǿôϣϴ㼸ӣ
СóأϷãã
̲סĿǹɻʲôˣӣ
һѡŮǧǧ򣬲ôʮˮŮͽ˼һζ˼š
Ҫǰһȥãûʺ֣ȰѲϴɾԼաˡ
һתؾҪȥ
̫סˣͼ£ҽ¡
٣ðʲôҽûء
ͷ̫˵ܺȵЩ棬Ҳû̫֣˴
صŵ̫࿴밲
ɡյ࣬ѬǵģȣøţҾƣô
ϣǬ幬ڰܹܵĶ֣ЩС̫඼ΪҪֱ档
Լλȥ̫һߵá
˾ôվڴ⣬泭д𾭵á
һ۾Ϳ̫˵ģһÿˣȥܿǸõĴ
˲䣬Ϊʲô̫˵Ƿˡ
ȡ̲סૣĿȥ
̫࿴֪üĿ֣£һ¡
ֱеֶ֣һ£±߹ȥ
֪ԼղдֵʱմһīֲϣһڳŰȻҲġ
̫Ǭ幬֮ǰ㳭дľ飬ʵǶ
û뵽⾹ȻǬ幬̫࣬ˣ΢˸̧۾
˲䣬ľͱݺס
һ˫۾ܰ˵ĻǶĸԸȥ
˵ãϵ¿˿֣ս̫֡
˸к־ͱ̫лȥˡ
һߣ̫ô˰ɣ
ɣԳɣĦȭƣѾ˺üXֵͷĸ̫¶Ҫ޷죬ǻԺ󿴳ҲھǵСӡ
㡣
ֻҪԺ󷢴˱ҾС
ʲôﲻģӻ֣ˣҾֻػţֻҪԺǾС
Ҳ˵飬ǿһȴš
붼벻ͨǵҪʲô鶼˼֡
ǲŷ֣æֽһţӵԱߣֻۣеûš
¡ЩߣǰֽдϢػҩЧˡ
ѾдúܷѾŤˣһĺˮʧȥ۾̱סصС̫˾ɼҴȥϢϢ
ղ̫ʱС̫ԱߣǱô˵϶һ仰»ȥ֣ΪӦصȥɣúҲɡ
лæ뱧ӣúȥߵסǼ䷿ſڣӵҩ񫳹ױҪУۼֿ죬Լ
˲䣬ӵݾҧ֣Ѫֱ
ۣƿźεڴϣòŶס졣

ʹ༫ˣϵһĳͷȥײǱţֻԼһʹ졣
ֵǵ񫣬Ҳ״̬סԼϥǣ۾ʵصɴϵ·ܿ챻ˮʪ͸
Ҳ֪ȥãֻشӵ
֪ǵҩ񫣬һΰȥˡ
æȥϵӣֻҧŵĲѾѪȡͷѪһƬ
ӣӡ
ð죬ľľӲŻգգΪ̫Ѫ۾֣̫̫֡һء
šֽ⿪סֺͽŵĶࡣ
û̫ϹǸŮ˵ģϢػҩѹһΣһλɱӣͦΣһֻͦȥԼŵһΣԺҲ
Ҫ˿ҵϢػĽҩûнҩһЩ֢Ҳá
*
лҪ˵
ĸɣ
ԺҿһŶ̶ʱ䡣


56 
𾭳ԽԽ࣬ ùѵ
ڶ죬ѳõݷһ˵Ҫ̫ã ̫΢΢űˡ
һ·𾭣 ʵƯۼȥݣûʲôûķ𾭣 һЩ
ɳ㣬 Ҳܾɣֻݳõķ𾭣վȥݡ
µףҪ꣬ 䣬İѩڽǵϣ ׵ԽףԽ ʵÿ
ǽĲ֮ ֮鶼ѰĹ±
̫ŵС̫˸кԱųдǷݾֵȥɣ ҵķ𾭶ҳʲôʳдģ иӡ
ţ ݵ鶼ǧĽ֮ 򲻿𻵡
ǡ
ֵͷ ̫ࣺݾ飿
ҪҪ ЩҪǶ һոܲʻ̫
̫ڰ֣һýȥҵЩ˵
ǡ
ģģ̫ʲôͼıô붼ԲĿĺΪֻܴһٶʮ񣬰
֨ѽ
ݳصĴƿ˲䣬һīζӭ
һżߴϷ飬㿴һ־ȴѰҲġ
ɵ÷Ųߵ֮ķ϶档
ǣԶ֮˴ҵļԶ֮ǰˣǰڸȴͻȻǹٹνļʱʫ£ҲٺһЩʡ
ͼϲ˴ҵʫ£һֱźûѼʫ
û뵽ﾹȻС
һⱾҲ֪ѧߵȻ˻ΰ룬ȴǲòľž֮ˡ
ɵȡⱾߵλõķ𾭷£Ȳطҳ
XͿһĻǸһֱЩӡĳԾϣߣһֳֻ򦣬һַֻҳϵ漫ˣǿ˺ϵü۶չ
Եİŵöӣô˽һһ˵ˡ
ҪˣXȴס
㱻Ͻؿڣϣūȥǹ˵ţߣӾҪȥ
X֣ȥ

²ŷӦ˵ʲôߵǵӰٿڵָʮʶȤ߳ȥʮĵذݵŸˡ
ݳ궼¹ţҲӰߡ
Xһ߹ȥߵǶֽǰ
Եû뵽Ȼˣ̧һͫײ˲͵վ˼޴񣺡ˡ
Xһ٣΢΢۾ˣ
˿Լϵ·һĸɫĳ߲ʵĵطȷʵ۱Եơ
ҡ
˫֣ӸµؿϵķۣǺˣΪλݡ
ףһֶը죬ȴĪ侲һһʮصСǽΪܲʻ̫ãµļСдûۣСĵ˴ķ𾭣дú󹩷á
Сطõã͢Աܲ£ײϷŵķײɢһأǶ۵Ӳ
æȥ
ϸȥ米һӴεĻȣϸԽϸԲĵطԽˡ
XŹſԼűߵ壬Ȼסֵǿһ̧
ԴӢϸüͦıӣĴֱǸһģһ
ִָȥ΢΢۽ޣķŽʲô
־ǰ¡һʱ˵Ķġˡ£Сķ¡
˰ýƣֿǶܿ¡˺˵ĻȣƲۣͷȴݺݵذ
ȿȡȡ
ɤۼˣǱسȵˮð
ӿʼڣX½˿ңĹҲһǰ
Ҳδϵ̧֣߳ȥ
İүڳˣ۹۱ǱǹĵܹźȨղǵ첻ڡ
X߱ߵԺûҵ˭Ҳݡ
ǡЩ⡣
ΪǸøһþ㲻̸ڵҲܵӦأû뵽ϵķӦȻô䵭ݶ˽ˡ
ѵ
ˣ
˵Ժ黹ҪϷԸ˰Ǹݡ
ûȣͱŵ̫𼱻ǵͷҸԺҲˡ
ֱǷݳõķ𾭣֪ͷʲôζ˾䣬ʵʵˡ
ڰ̫һֱߣϽȥôʱû˸˵òˡ
ɵֱŵ̫˾;òԾˡ
ô£ͻûɣ̲סˣһݣקεתǴ׷ʡ
뵽̫ྐྵȻ£ɫ˱֣СĲ֪˵ʲô
ҪңΪܽݣûϺžȥء
֪£Ȼֱ̫ʡ
벻ΪʲôһƸϣȻԼæﵽĿģɲ֪ơ
װӣ˵һ
̫̯̯֣㿴ɣҾ˵ү⣬ҲУǱ׷ѹˡ
̫ü֣Ӧð
ľɫģѵļҳֵħڻˣ
¶ûɣˣֻ̫Ȼȥ
߳ߵеľľ죬ǹζǺŨþòơ
ϡҲС
ִǰû£ʮ޸ԾԾǸɵˣҲôǹ̶ģʽ
Щ̫Ϲȱǿѹſģ֪ԭ²ֹǴطҲԡ
ǣXû̫á
ò׼ȥϽˮϴڣ±˷ǹζ

һӣϣ·˰ɵͷƣûϷӣԼϻᷭӵϣ
Ͼ϶䵭ѾǺϰ˵ġ
ڵϵľ·ܹܵͷͻȻͷƱ̧ͷһϾȻɵӣͷ־ϲϷӦūȥ֪ͨ׼š
ǿƶ߲ģֶ̫Ůȫüɣ޶ˣһͱΪˣ޺ΪɣҲһΨһΪɵġ
̫ǱͰԸǰɵӰ۵ĵطҪջϻӡ
죬ڿһˡ
Ǳߵ֪ϷӣҲ˵ҲűüɣùŮЩӵõϺõѬ㶼ǸÿһҪôϻ᲻ϲ
̫רźֵôûз󹬵ӣһ뵽ϲģЩ׼ɣɲûϵš
üɣһϽĶ̫๬Ůźԡ
*
лҪ˵


57 
󹬾ôط ڴҵƤӵ£üɣһӣϢʹˡ
޶Եġ
ġ
˲ٶġ
Ǿ˲ٶǸ Ѿ£ ˸ڶǶ۵úܡ
ĿץֱߵĶңŮ̫Ƕܲͱҵ ȴҷ
¹˵ƢǶ֪ģ ŭõģȥ˾ҪãҪܡ
Ѿ޿ңҲƽ٣ ˫Ů߹ȥ һˮСɱô ûСĺø ֡
СֻܷģֻҪ»ӣ ϶Ϊɣʱ ѹһͷ
ʵû˵ǣ ɿֶ̫Ůڻϣ Ҳǳ¹ģ ûǱۡ͸Żϣ лӻŮĵɶҶ˦ӣ ƽﻹЦӭõĽ
Ҳͳ¹ˣΪ˻Ӿơ
ЦģȻԴף
˵һɣһѡҪ۵ŮӣҲ˳ڣ浱ԼǸˡ
Ҳãźӣ¹˳һϵƣȻŲôΡ
ǸԼӣͷǹɻû¶٣ץݹĲ豭ң̵Ĳˮȫںϡ
ţעЩӣ̫ҽ˵СӴأ֪鲻ãҲˡ
صĶЩϣŹʰصǽ塣
ЩȻסûʲôĴãмҲЩŵģʹյһ˵ĸյģǸжԺգȻһص˵ϻϷ˹һӡ
һﳭд𾭣ֵҲˡ
ʦ̫ͻ˾䰢ӷ𣬻۾ȴ𾢣Ǹ˵ô˾仰ӵǸﶨɰɡ
ǵȻ˵þԼ֪ЩϢʮ˲𣬾ҫһ۾һ֣Ǿ仰û˵
֣Ʋͷغһȴ̲סͷ
ûⷬȥģԴֻǾXɵӵϢ
ݡ
Ҳˡ
쵽ڣֶЩ˼㱣֪Լ㲻ﵽ˽Ŀ֪꣬ǸԼСʮĻôġ
ǲڹһҪʦ̫һɽӣʲôá
һ룬ȻӴ˲٣͵͵һ䲻Ļ
Ӿϰµ΢΢ţ죬һֽóɺʵĳߴ磬׼īд𾭣һ̫߽ʣ˭ǵ£
ӵȫ֡
վعƶǵ¡
̫࿴һԴһѹ֣ЦŶֵۼеһµʦһ˰ɡ
ֳһ£˳ȥ
Щ̫ࣺʹʲô¡
ֻ̫֪ˡ
ﶼǺߣʮֹĲ֣ϸĶ
һʼû֣һźǽȻӦȥݵ·
Ȼӿ죬ʶԼ˭ˡ
ܿ죬̫ȻݣXߵİ˦·̫ȥɡ
ǡ
ǣǰֻʣֺͰ
˵ʵѾȷϣXøһģһö˼˼ɲŮ֮飬Ǵry
԰˵Ѿǲˡ
Xұ֮˵ɾȻôˣ
֣ÿӣȥɡ
ֿŽյݴţ֪ԼӮ˴롣
԰ͷǰƿݵţȥ
֨ѽ
ݵŴϣ֮ȼŵ򾲾ɢŹµ·
ߵϴǶͿXһīɫڻ˵ĿϣϰһŰŷϰǳѬ¯ɫƵš
µĽ̤ĻƤЬĽŷ档
ǰյʢ̿衣
죬ͱ
վһĵطˡ
һX̧۾Ƶģɽˡ
ֵ
ֵ׳꣬˵ֲ֪ģϥЩȻ˹ȥȴֲ֪ԼĶ
ſϣá
ϣҲá
ʱXŵ˵̤
˼򵽵ϣϵӡ
һȥ¶һ˫š
XǶȸ߳һͷ࣬ȻҲС޳ֺֺ࣬Ҳ޼״毺á
ֿţһ£ͷӡĽűϡ
Xһ£ż⹴°ͣ赭üĿȾһ˵Ķ֮ˣ
һ۾յϣҧָŵŷϣһָԽ

첻ͱǸ̫еݣX¡
X·ԼҲɾûʲô֮ǰһֻ죬Եڶûҵ̯Լ塣
һδݳشã߸ǸѾΣϤٵ̫ࡣ
Ҫ߹תǴŮӵһɫװͷŴ멵ĺӴǱ
̫񣺡ūŸ¹밲
ǺЩûXĵţϣû뵽˸Ÿͷʹ졣
̫ŸôˣξȻЩ֣üʣʲô
̫Щ˯ãūҸ˸η𾭣ܲܺЩ
Ȼ֪Xĵūţƽ䲻ȵġ
ڵϵò˳ˣﰥһŶӵϲɾײ˱СĻӣȥ
̫һͷͼˡ
˲֪֪ЩӸضźҪǳʲôԼô
ҲˣСǰҪģһЧСҪҲūȥ˵һ˵˵СҪˣūٸһ
㡭֪ūǲԼãðѹء
ںС˰ɣʥݣǻù˵ˣҪڻǰϼҩСòʧ
֪ҧȶĻҪһȥūš
Ҫȫ򲻿ܵģһ䣺ˣһʱȻԵñСĻӻûһ˽󡣡
˵꣬ﳤȥ
̫˲ͷãⷣⲻ˵ˣ˰ɣ˭㵹ùء
Ѿ̧ͷųǵıӰҧȥ
*
лҪ˵


58 
Ļѩɨǽǣ Ź·Ĺˣֻܹѩϣһʼ ѩڻ أѩˮϥǺȶһ顣
ûԹ࣬һ¾Ͱˡ
̫࿴ţ޿κΣ ֻ£Ҳǲã ˳¹ˣƢԣع¶֪
¹˸ּˣʡ
̫㣺ˣ¹˵ɲˣ һγгͻС
˵¶̫л˵ˣ ôӣлӻŮķëǣ һǸϲϲȥйأ ǹǲС
¹һξеģǵһ
仰ͳĬˣ ڵϰһʱķ
ʱһȥֵ忪ʼҡΣ ̲סǰԵ
 ǰȴͻȻģ ڱĹϡ
̫Ͻ˴ӵϱ ϽС̫ͻشá
ڴóд𾭵 ʶ߿һۣ 뿴С̫ŵ֣ڵس££
̫СǼûͷƿһЩúˣȥЩˮ̫ҽһ͵
ô˵ؿ֣ȥˮĵطˮ
ûһ̫ҽԺ̫ҽˣǲڴ֮˵òȻϸԽüͷԽ
̫࿴²ãæʣ̫ҽôˡ
̫ҽ˼ֻһֻ֣̫λʦΪ֣ͬ壬ȴཻ

̫һͷˮƵūֱ˵аްˡ
⵹Ǹ򵥵⣬̫ҽܿԭ鸡֮࣬ȻʴԣҩӣٳЩҩͳˡ
̫ҽͬ壬ཻ
̫ȴ͹ˣֻҪ˲ϳ£ʲô˵
Ͻ̫ҽķӺͳԵķӿС̫̫ҽȥҩ
ѹ֮Լϵ·Ѿˣһſڴߵӣ
ûãԼûб˷֡
ӣ˯ɣ
ԭ˯òһƾˣ۾ӻʶ˾䰢ӷ汣ӣץס֣ūˣ
֪ԼñʲôأûµģҲûϵײǡ
ǣӾһȦܣѹص̫̫㾹Ȼˣ
ڻ·ϣ˵ҳײ֣ҹһʱ
İǣû뵽ﾹȻǳǸĹ޵ҪƾһĻ
ûϳ
ЩЦЦ۾ͷϣȻƲһãûңҲãϳҵ鷳ˡ
ΪȻصͷǽΪǸ߸ϵĺֻȨƵĳ֮ˣܲȻá
ͻȻСͻôˣôλݡ
֮ûܣ͸Լϻˡ
üͷ΢΢𣺡ˡĥ͸
ǿô죬ܲʻ̫ڤҪˣ߰죬Щܲʻ̫öҪظԵĵطȥ
¼ٵȵȿ
ֲ֪һȣ͵ȵ˳ա
ܲʻ̫ڤѹ񲿵˰ʱҪǳ
ѾȫָŻʰʵҲûʲôʰģǽʱԼ񸮸Щõ
ÿ˶ʮӣúܡ
ӿʲôҲû˵Ű͵£߰ɡ
ֲ֪Լͷʲôо˵ڣҲûС
ԼҪģҲ˳ˮۣ̫ļƻԼXǵƵĹϵ
ŬûʲôñԹúڵġ
ֻǡ
е㲻İˡ
˾ȴֶ첻ȥ
ջĿ⣬Լİ߰ɡ
˺ʱһӵöͷǽʱţһҡһεس˽ǡ
ãյſھǸϺˣϺɵ̾ҸʦԵհȥҪؼȥأϳ
ʢǵǸСׯһβ̵ľ룬Ǵ죬ţǶõˡ
ûϺţȥϺ˦űӣͷǵλʦҲ࣬ǹ˻棬ҼҹɣɽӻԶأ·Ϲ겻á
ô˵ֲʶ¶ʮţԼ
ҲعͷȻҲæˡ
ʦ̫Ҳû뵽Ϻ룬æܾʩȻ࣬ɲٴš
ﻹӺͼͬţǻȥأǹʮһҲ졣
빬϶һʲٵǮڽණǳԵĺȵõģʣµ˹ꡣ
Ϻôһ˵ҲȰˣֻҲϴһǴ˯һߡ
лʩ
*
лҪ˵


59 
Ǵҹ ѾкСȼżıֵĹ͡
Ϻļ˿ǣ ӭ˵Ƥô ԭʦˣըõӣõĳ߶Ǻúϴûõģûմȡ
꣬ ϺӶˣ żСǣǾ£ҲЦӭ
ּ˾ò˼ˣ ĻҪ˼һԲ
Ϻǰסֵ֣ԺʦҪǴ壬 㰡͸ˡ
˵ţ ݣ ֱӰװزӵùǰ
ϱˣ Цôʦ쳢ɣҼſϲ Щ˺ö飬 ˵ϧûգ ˡ
ֱ紵ŵǿȺģ ЦſϺӡ
ִӣ Լһ һݸʩҲԡ
ϺúܣüЦӣԼ԰԰ڣſҧ°㣡
ǰڹ¶ʮ߾ͷ˱ʣһЩµ鲻ãXǰʱЩһһ졣
ǽЩа֮ǰµƺˮļƻҪб仯һ춼˯ʱ
վڱϣֽظһµĲ衣
ͻȻXǱߵ𣿡
ϽػϣķԸʮգոպý
ȻѾˣXöͷʵ̫æ¶ˣһ뵽ԼȻ˻ʶ飬ͷЩѹ
԰ҳдǾȥһˣٵ£յơ
ǡ
ܲʻ̫͵źģҲ꣬Ʊһ°ƯƯġ
ȻXʣأ
üëһ֪˭룬񲿳Ĺأ½һͳˣڣ㣬Ӧóʢˡ
Xɫδ䣬֪ûô򵥡
XĲ٣Ⱦϰֳ
ʣдڣȥ˴عڡڴá 
ͷһĪһͷ⹬ķƣʼˡ
صͷǣūȥ졣
ϷԸԼŵˣǼҹ
ôЩ˳Ӳ˵۾
ʹʺϿŹڴǰ㱨Ϣ̫ࣺȷǰ˳ˣ
ǣūſģĵֱӷԸǸɶӣ߰˸˳ȥˡ
ʺ˳Ϊʲôߵ֪ʺ̽ǱߵĶʵֹʺҲиԵߡ
ϾǴҵ죬˭׽֡
ʺɫǰ챾һϢ˵ƺ빬ܲʻ̫һãȴˡ
ԭΪ¾ôȥˣǱ˴Ϣû뵽
ˣ
ʺϰĽX֪Ǹʲôˡ
Ӳұ֮˵ĻϣȻȥѳôع
϶Եϵ̫ȥţһҪ֪Ǹ˭
ּɫֲ쳣ϽοδԤϵǰΪҲһ
ɴɱɷŹϵԸԼˡ
֣㲻֪ϣõӣֻ˵Žżȥûȥ˵ĵ
ڡ
ͬϷɵһ۾û˿˯⡣
ԶСɽֲ֪ı仯ϺһΧڻѱߣϺ˵﷢¡
ʲôСǼҲ˵ͷѹ˶ٲˡ
ĸƤߵ壬ݺݽѵһ١
Ǻĵ£Ϻӵһ˵ҲȤúܣر˵ʵĵطϺֽһȻֵֵʱ龰һ˶Ц
ͻȻڴЦ̵ʱ򣬱Ĳű죬С
Ϻȥ
һţͿդվŵ߰˸̫ˣȫǵˡ
Ϊ׵̫դʦ⣿
£
Ϻһ£æͷڣڵģүҵʦʲô¡
̫ЦЦͷۼҽеʦһ£˵ҡ
Ϻһ֣һСϰգſڵĹٱҪͷµˣοǹģϽֽسݣʦ㣡
𾢣ﻹиϺΣĻɻ󣺡ƶģ
ǣ˵ǹģ
εֶ¡
*
лҪ˵


60 
߳ Ϳڹ̫վդ⣬̫ϴЦʦūǷϵּ⣬ ġ
Ļŷѩ һ˵ϡ
һ֮ǰΪı㶼˿գת֮䣬Ҫִ
򵽵ϣ ּлƶּ ꡣ
ʦɣūŻҪعء
ھߣ
ǣꡣ̫̬Ⱥ֮ǰڹͬ ǰǲ׵ãǻ׿ýӽȥĹˣ ЩūţȻҲҪŷͷߡ
ֿƶȥ˵仰 ˹ ƶиʦãƶʮҪã ˴νɷҲиӦ
⡭ֻ˵ӵ½ ȴû˵Ҫ˵¶
̫ЩΪѣ תһ룬 ҲʹӦˣɣ ʦҪЩ ۿҪһѩ ȥ·ϼѡ
áֵͷתϺҡ
˾ӵ֪˹Ҫ֣һѹŵİϲʦ̫ʹüۿţ۾档
һӾͱıܵߡ
֣һӵˣԭһ֣û뵽Ͼ˲£ʵǼź¡
ƶڴңףλƽϲ֣˳졣
ܴӴӷ϶￴˿Ժ̣Щǹģʲô¶ôѩĶ׷
֪ǹԸǳЦŵǹˣ֮ǰڴóд𾭵ʱ򣬹µҵĳдķ𾭳ȥҪҳЩɡ
һ˵ȷд£Ҳֻʦڹк£ʲôʱɽӣٺú˵
һȥ¾һˡ
Ȼֻദһڣȴ֪еذԼʦÿģչ˵ĵطչˡ
ǽ˵˵ֹܷԺŰѱҲԼ
ֵͷá
Ϻ᲻ҪߣϽʦؾʱҲҼЪЪţԺʲô£ʦ¡
еϲۿ̣ãԺлᣬƶ
ƶˡ
˫ֺʮ΢΢ףתš
뿪ůӣķεϡ
̫͵ϣʦãūŸϳˡ
ܣ
ţˣǹһһԣص΢΢
ֺ̫쵽ĵ⣬ţԼȥʻϵ˼
ǰɶӣĵ˵棬СϸЪ£ʲô¶˵ɡ
Ҹɵأ˾棬Ҳ㴦ã̫˯ˣֻȥҰ
Ǹ̫ողŹȥȥϡ
УȾơ
̫èƵأһܹȥ˻ûϢİȹظ˸ͷѰϵ·ϣɵǸʦӽӻˣϵ˼ðĶ
Сܵõǿ죬ͷѾڻˮѩϷ˻ðڴĴã֮ǰдĵط
⣿̫ɵˣ˷Ƕ
ӻΪȻ˽ӽˣҲҪλˣ뵽Ȼסڴãⲻ˷һѴľء
Ҫ˵ǳˣƫƫֱҹҪ˵ǹλݺסĵطûС
ҪǻϸʱһλãҪûж裬Щ²˵ܰ˴ĥ
ʵ˵Ҳֲ׻ˡ
ֲ׾ֲװɣӣҲҪס
һС»ƨϣȥ¡
ǡС»ϷӦԼ̳ܲˣͷ·ء
վǬ幬ߵֺӵһҹͷ̫ãС»ӵĽŲ
С»ӵʦūɣ׿ڷԸסڴĴá

ֺӶƬ̵㶡
ȷӦС»ӵǾ鷳ˡ
鷳ʦȽһ£ūȥ㶫ʲôûĶˣõҲá
˵ԺūŻ̵ʦءŵǰΪ·Ѿ΢΢ԼԼعŹǽһС
û仰ֻЦЦ
ᳵ·ؽ˴ã֮ǰ˵סɨøɾõһߣ̸Ƕ߿ĹŮϴҲûա
ûʲô
С»ӿſյӣͷʹֵʦȽһ°ɣūȥʰʰ
Ŀϣͷ
һߣԼ̫̫ίϾըˣڿյȥͱȥӣ̫̫סʲô£
ӡֽ
һ٣һƨߣ̲סūѹ
ֶ˶ţһȦӣû֮ˡ
ͷ۲ɣԣÿ϶ɲһ
ϲô»ŵĺü
һʱ벻رеĴʣ˼һµ㡣
ǳˣȳ˻һЩͷڣۣ˶Ҫ˵ɾ·ˡ
֮ӣߣأ塣
ңģһʹ
ԣҲһʼûϵõʲôҲ̸ʧ
˵ֻҪû糤ǰĹȾ쳾þ˼Ҳ˹
ϣĬ
ûһС»ӴżС̫ˣµ̸̵ϣϽ̤ӣСԼӰ˵Ķ
ʰúѾ
ֵʦסţÿյĳʳߵλСʦȥŷУм£ô̫ȥūš
Ȼ˰æǶʮóʮݸɬ٣ȥЩơ
⡭С»֪ǽжʮģָʮϾֻʮˡ
룬ǽˣǵʦϢūŸˡ
˸ˣ֪Ķ֪ˡ
ʺɸԼ갲ɫصλ˯úòãǳϦҹɵúúñԸӣȱϯ
٣λһ
ɣԼˡ
ûʸʺ밲ģڴӦֻԼλ밲
ԵյģʺĻл졣
Ļ֪ʺдûУһȥڵ˼顣
֣ѱдˣ
檿ɲңһҵ飬Ľ˭ع¾ֵ˻ϵĿޣ檲Ҫ˭Ҫȥ
⻰˵ûʺˣŻ׵ֵЦЦﾫ
дˣߵʱ
ϲѣлʺ
*
лҪ˵


61 
üɣϵ⸱ ǳ˻ʺλߵģȴԼŵ͡
˸ۣ˷ޱߵ䣬 ˸Ƿ
ߣ Цŵʺ갲Ҫץʱú˯Ϧ磬 Щźá
üɣƲһۣǰЩϷ˳檵ӣ һͨڣȻأ˯Ҳ˯á
̴̵ģ£ ָԭɫòȻϲЩ
檣 빬ʱˣҲᷳˣ ѾûŻϵˡ
󹬴ûŻϵĺֹ һۿȥһûأһʱ䣬 ոձӵۼˣôֻԼ֪
ʺͷ ·ûпơ
ͻȻ ڿһĹ϶ѹŤ־ һϵصʹ·ϡһЩҲ֪ǲġ
תͷȥ⹬ˣ ټټټ棬 
ǡ϶ѹҧŴ ЩǴĵġ
ʺüҪԼò˵ЩĵǱľʹлء
һСĹ϶ѹεӴ˲٣֤Լû˵ѣҲ˵
ʺִںɫżϣ˵ʲô
Ů˵ߵİҹȥ˸˻סڴĴ
˵ӽθܲʻ̫ãڹʱͺͻϡ
϶ѹ˵ȥˣڵֻ۾ˮţȴֲ
ôܲޣôƵŻɻƫƫһø㵽һ飬ǰǵڵϲ
ɵɫҲÿˣüɣֻ۾ðŻ𣬶Ź϶ѹˣ˵ģ
ţ϶ѹ˵ӱСŵ¼򣺡檲˵ٻ 
ð仰üɣҪҧ飬ʺ˵˾ˣŻ׾ߡ
ʣµ㿴ңҿ㣬ѹ˵ͷ
һʱת۵Ĺľ͹ȥˣһһεĳϦ˳ȵXͻʺԼ̫ŵ
磬ĶļҵˣүӱգԼǵˣֵһˡ
ۺЯ̫ǰ񣺡̫꣬鿵̩ʺ򸣽𰲡
ƽX΢΢̧֡
ŵл׷վ
XǸģʺŵϷӣһ
̫ɣ˼ϲõĽգXҲأһɫۣϵ
ɵǣʺҲ˳ɫķۣ̫Ա߿һһЦŵϻʺ˺ʵοҪٱûʲôԲˡ
ʺϱ˵ȣ˿Xÿ˵üۣҲأԵֻûɡ
ʲôԵֲԵֵģ̫֣XǰҲ˵ϣȴ˵һ˵󹬵ֲǺˮޣ϶ôԶʲô
֪ˣʶϷɡǸɫ̫˵˵žͣ죬ʺյһϷ
˼Ϸ˵ƣXǰͷ˳˳׼ŵ̫ȼɫڣڵҹһ̻
ڷɵøߣ˶ܿ
ǱҲվԺͷָŸǶɫ̻𣺡ȸղǶ仹Բ
̻Ǳĺÿɫ࣬ࡣҲϲ̻ʱҪһЩС÷š
ںóԵģ֣̫̫Էɡ
áִ˿֣ص
ϵİһײ˿뷹Щȥŷûġ
ǳϦ˼æĶǹ˵ĳʳһײ˿뷹ӻһӣ˴õġ
õöˣͶð׻ģԼջһȲܳԡ
ϣԼ׷ڹĵһ꣬ϣǵڶܶˡ
̫̫Ͳϣȵƣ
ţ˼£Ǿơ
еСС̰ƽϲȵ͵ľƣôòȻеġ
һײ˿ָӵİײ˿һ£ҹˡ
һײ˿׷Եøɸɾ̵׵Ĳ˰跹ˣȻϴϨ˯
˯죬ͻȻۣЩԺͱֵһ󡭡ˡ
ɲXҲûˣһյơ
ӵű˯һӱˣŰֺϡ
һӱЩ֣ӡ
˯㣬˺ü²ѣ۾죺¡ôˣ
æߵˣ·ϡ

ĸ
ӽƵشԱһ£ܿ۾
ʣϣ
ꤴӿϻɫ۾ܣŵ׸Ĩһ
ŴӱXùϣٴȼӵ
ſ˯ʱֻһϸ޵£ϸαš
ȼöˣֻعXǳŹгϦģ
㵨ӱˡXѩ
ֿһۣƶᵨӱˣǴʱЩûƶᷢ𡣡
˵ʱ촽΢΢ϣż¶׵ݺ۵ͷ
XɫЩ¸㼯ڿ£ȴ뵽ղǸܳȥСãϵһγЩãֱͦͦվš
Ƴˣӹóµ̸ǣ»ıϯӣ·һҲ߻ߵ֪ǸˣƶʵͲô࣬ӲһſҲûУͬ㣬ô˯ϡ
ԺʱԴ̸ǰ
û˵꣬ͱXӱѹ˿ϣ̵״ɲĶں߶
Xһְļãһְ¶
ȴֲڷԸҡ
üƶֲǷ˵ģܸ˵˵ˡ
ֱ׳ҪǴݲܲ˵غƶ£ƶԸ㻹Ը
㡪
Ҫ˵ƶʲôأֲ˵Ļᣬ˲Ҳˣֲֵ¶
X֣㣬ƶۡ
˵ȻˣԴӢĳü΢΢ţ
Xɿ֡
ֵôߣҡҡ磺ֻҲۡ
XҲɿˡ
ڵɵַ濴ò˵Xȷʵһò
Ҳˣƣ建䶯ͷǴһۣ̿ƫͷݽ⿪Ŀ
*
лҪ˵
У


62 
Ӿ棬 ˭Ҳû˭ľķһǶֱ洫ˮ š˹ ԸС̫ȥ̧ˮ
ˮˣţһˣˮˣ ūŸͽȥ
ýǴXſڿϲŴǵ֣ ˶٣ŵǶá
ΪԼˣ󡭡ˣū˵ˮ
Xһξūûô˳֣ ϵÿƽۣ žӸµŰˮ
㶵ذһˮݹȥXһֶ裬 һְŹϡ
°͹ǶҪϵİ ݺԼһ֣ذץʦϲʲôɫ
һǽ֮ ӰĶһ
ɫģ㲻̫Լ ڻصϲɫ
 Xˮרŷļϣ Щšӣ Լ˲֡
Ѿ·ִӿ վԱߡ
Xӷ£ ־ͬһӣš΢ʪһЩϡ
Ƭ̺ȺӴϽҿһ㱡죬ˮң۷۰װ׵ģܳһˮ
X˿ȥɣƶҪ˯ˣ֪ҪָʲôϢ³ӡ
˭ָ¡XʱɷЩЩƣɽ飬˶䷢顣
ֵӦҲ֪ƶվ͸빬˵ģߵֱϵĿٻأ֪Ҫƶʲô
ƶܳʱ˵˵ɲҵϵ¡˵ţִ˸Ƿ
һһϣXӦƱȥˡ
ֻĹͷ񱻳Ҫмӳţڵϡ
ϵ亹Ҳ·ʪҺû·û֡
ſڵİX²򻬣ӹƣһǰһߡ
ߵʱXĹϺһ԰ȥ񸮣Щĩˣһ䣬ҪһЩġ
°ֵˡ
үүϰô꣬һĲ¡
ȥЩҪһЩġ
һЩı׼ʲô
΢һЩģǺһЩ
ٺһЩģҲǺһЩ
һԺСصϣ⡭Ҫá
ǽڶΣXūŴ
Ҳصùߵġ
󹬶ҪͽİܹܽһˣĬĬ߶¡
磡ֲ֪ڱݺݵش˸磬ΪԼҪˣϽ·ϡ
Ѿӿ߰Ĵ̺͵ϵͷɫЩڵȥ
ָϽԼͷȥǸոõ̸ùЩˮϴһ¡
ǶζԣȻţŮһǲá
ӵȥ֮ǰ̵ģڹϵ̸߸̣ߵūû뵽¾ȻôšҲĲū澣Ŷˡ
һ٣ȥס
˲䣬ӾͲƵļ́֡
ЦţһҲصҲ
һŭʬ򣬸οصӡ
ɲ£ɫᶨҪҿԶֻܴãҲ롣
ǰʲôҲùԼݵСӣʱãкÿ·ϲΣʲôͳʲôţĶҪҲûбҪҪ
ȴֻ֪Ǳ˸άŵıķأƽ޲ʵ沼һУֻҪһѪֱ
ԼǲԵġ
Ҳǲԡ
ҪҪ㹻̡
ԣԴС
̸̺ǣһοڣ˯¡
ڶ죬Ժˮ׼ϴŪ̸ǣС»ӴʮС̫һȻڵˮϽСܹϣʦܸЩֻϽЩƽӹȥ̸ǣȥ߿⣬ϴٺ
ֵʦϰ£ȻסڴãҲ̫ᣬصūŴЩľﶼ
ʦȿʲôϲģ˵ūȥ񸮻ȥ
ָĵطȥֻʮС̧̫СҶ̴Ŀ񡢰ƻױ̨ΰʡ
һ˿Ůͼ磬һСܰڿϵ˫Ž硣
һЩСڼ̸ͷ
ǿöҲЩ£˵ģСҶ̴Ŀ񰫼ЩСҶ̴ԽԽ٣ͨϵı˵ɿ񰫼ССһҪۡ
˿ŮͼҲǼֵǧĺԵһ˿һ𣬿ɼļֵ
ЩģǴľķ顣
ЩɻXˡ
лҪлģС»ӵͼݹһˣ
ᣬһװӵĺɰ
ϴˣС»ȴ㶼㲻ūŸʦ쾭ģⶫʦūţūŸ°ðɡ
Żʲô©ģūȥȡ
̬ȼҲ˵ˣ˵һǲá
ûһЩڴ˼ʮ̧˳̧Щһһɣһһˣ˵Ҳͱˡ
ֽ̫ܿʰá
С»Ӵ֣ŵƣʦūŽȥƣɻ⡣
£ִӸŵϣ߽ȥ
һۣϲˡ
ûʲôҪĵģͺܺáֲŪһȷСҶ̴ϵ˫ŽС磬治һתС»ӵ
С»ӶܹʮָˣʦܹͺãˣԺС̫Ͳãƽȥŷ÷ʳȵĻԽǡ
ŷǱҲ˷ԸԺЩʲôȥ֪һС
С̫೤üĿ㣬ڵϸ
ֿͺӲֽ̧࣬ƶҲûʲô¶ƽǴͳɣ¶ƶûǡ
ǡ̫ͷ
С»Ǹˣò¾ˣҲӲ˷
һӵĺöĿɿڴҵĸԹԣūǿˣ⡭ֵӣ
Űڶ౦ϵɽǸ۾ˡ
ֻص棬Ҳ򲻵Ķ
ҲпԹúôҪͷXһ仰ܰ˴ȥ
ֻǺ󹬼ĳ谮ˣǰĴء
츻Ȩơ
ȨX㹻ʱߵģķܾûµ
ָŪ磬峺۾֡
*
лҪ˵


63 
һӶˣ ű֮ǰ˼
⣬Ȼǽź򣬷ԸЩĻƣ ܽ
ߣ ۾ܴӻȻһµĶƿ
ֿСԵÿЩûţҪ㿴ˡ
¡֣ǰûЩöأ ɲÿ۳ʶ
ͻȻ Ӵӿеˣ
Ͼͳһ׷һسײ˿ҲûӵĶԶˡ
ֵͷ ӵҴŸС̫ȥŷʳ˳㿴ܲЩСʳ ʱ졣
Уֶ䣬 ű˷ִ ˣԼҪ
á
Ϸۣ ñӣ߳ȥ
ߺŵС̫࿴ ڵС ʦ ʲôԸ˵ ūžԾľȥ졣
ȥŷ췹ʳ ţ ʦʲôҪڿЩԸ֡
ǡ
Ӵһ̫ȥŷ
ŷеԶǰͷС̫ߺͷ
С̫ࣺʲô֣ˣ
С̫һһʮصūŽСϲʮߡ
ƶһͣӿ˿ƶ³ߵأ
С̫û뵽ԼЩػʦūźͬ£Ҫ죬¶ʮ
ȻôɣӾԵ֣С̫೤ðװ׾žǸõġ
С̫Ȼȥƶʦ˵һסǼӷŸ̿裬컹е䡣
С̫͵̧ͷͮͮյýġ
ʵƭлСʦʲô¶ʮ
ԼҲ֪Լġ
ǸӤһȥһٱһٵس󣬴СͶÿɫٰЩЩ
ʮһ꣬˹̫ʮӣͽһͳ̫Сϲ
׸ô˵ô£ԲŻС˵Լ³ߵ˵ԼҲµģΪĲС÷¾裬롣
ǡ
ӽŲǰţߵ϶⣬ŵŷ
ǹŵʱ䣬ûԼСλݵСǶʳ鶼ŵŷĹϡ
ӴСϲŵ棬СûЩĸ㣬üʳĶԣʦô졣
֪ԼĴжۡ
ҶǰӼ廨Ьֻϴǻɫۣͷϻõñӡ
ŷܹܵľʹŮͿⰤıߣ˼ײһ
˼ײûУ̴΢΢Ǹ⣬סӡ
ҡҡͷû£ôۣҲǹġ
ǶĴ֣ĸطģǰû㡣
Լڹۣͦ˫ֺʮƶᷨŻסڴá
ԭǻʦЦ⣬ֲȲһ㡣
ϻв£һԺлһʦġ
á
СϲһЩżһߣƫͷӶߵʦԺЩԶЩɣЦδЦδǿޣ֪ͷնǻ˱˵ĵ
ʦȰ
ոջ˵ΪȻصͷƶá
Լײˡ
ʳģ˸ȥģõĶǹ̶ļ˺ͷǰٶȺܿ졣
Ѿվǰͷӿ˿ˣװʳе̫ࣺի𣿡
ŷشվʦǴõģ
ӵͷǡ
Уոմ϶ģȺء󸹱ŷԴӵ̨óʳУȴ򿪵һǰײ˶
òʵͷ˰ľӣʱŰϺõײ˺۶ֺóԡ
񣬽ϸմӳͽϺöˬڣ֭ˮŨȳԹӻζ
⡭ʳУŷ¶Ž˸飬֮ûһõģ˴󹦷
Ӷ֪իô໨
һʳеݸСϲԼһЩи֮ġ
УŷµԲĶӣ̫װУʦһòסūŸһȥ
Сһʳо͹صˣȷʵòס㣬Ӹ˵ллǻشá
߳ȥʱ߻ŶȡʳĹŮ̫࣬ǼСس̲ס˽
ĸģ
֪
ŷʲôʱôˣû˿۶
ָ˼ء


̻ؾʹ󣬽Լŷһһһʮرoʺ
ʺڿϣֱһңֶ˶٣Ƕ˵ġ
һһͼȥ߹϶ѹˣ밲ʱ˵˵¡
Щףϰ˷ڴã˵ûиλݵĴ㣬ȶ֣᲻̫ˡ
ڲλݣԺ󱣲׼ҲҪԺȥõġ
Ϩǹӣðײá
üɣֶ̫Ů֮ͺٹߵĽֻҪˣض̫ǰ˵
̫ǻϵһ˼ɡ
ˣʺͻȻ̸̣ĳ¹˶ôˡ
÷̫ҽȥ˵¹˸ᣬӰ쵽֣¹ҪúԴϢ·ٴһ㽫Сļ󡣡
áʺЩأ˵仰
ֵҩ˵ģÿʱʢʱҩЧá
ǣʺ֪ҩжҪȥʢݵ
üͷûһ£ѺģɢϢҩһ
꣬ǰæXÿµĳһʮȥʹṳ̂һ
Ҳûã㱴ûֹ
ųϦĽԶȥƮ˴ѩ֪ʱͣԺļѿ
ϵҷҲԱһЩģԭͷҲһð˶̶һë硣
ֻǰƯܳñӸͷ
գճ극׼˯СϲͻȻʦҡ

ЩӴСϲһС̫Ƕ֪˲ٹ£ⳤסŵģ̫ĺͼǸ
ȥͳһѡŮ÷ɵĲüɣֶ̫Ůϵıá
룬Сϲ˴
С̫˸ǧūżʦ
*
лҪ˵


64 
ɡ
ڿϣ Сϲ˵ƶᣬ֪Ϊʲô¡
̫صʦĻз𷨣 ַ̽̽˼Ĺ¡
ʦҲ֪ ǲԭģڹﶼҪﻵˣϲ˸˵˵
СϲǶ˽⵽ɷӣ ̫ ȻǸʺ󶼲ôš
̥ǰ϶¡
Ȼƶһ⡣
 Сϲƶȥ
£ӲôԼˣ ɲǺˣġ
żæŵؾҪȥ סûµģ ʲô¡
Сϲ ߰ɡ
ǡЩӣСϲѾʦͻʦȷʵܺã ˻Ҫ׺
΢һ˼׵ʦѻʦ⣬ ʦǸӣ 뷨ֱ ƣ ǱЩıƽȥ Ҫɾˡ
һڹ˵ġ
ʲô¶Ƥܿһ
۰Ͱ͵ִСϲڳ̫߽Ĺ
˵ʹýĵҲ࣬ĵͷŵ̸㹬ٹ
϶Ůɫĵֻгסɣһڡ
̸סɺͳ¹˳ǣһ½ѡĳںӦ
ٹ㹬š
Ǭ幬ʹסŻʺϣӴ⹬סɺһ˼ڣסдӵĵʣµǬ͹š
λǲһλģλɲסȥĹ˳ڴӦֻסƫԶһЩĵط
˵ӴӦڡˡɡ֮ķ
ǲҶֻйϲſԺȵģÿ裬ز裬ûУʹӡ
ЩӲȱԲȱȣѾɵӺùöࡣ
ʦǳūžʹˡС̫๭˵һߣͷѹõ͵͵ġ
ܿ죬һŮ߳ͷǽȥ
һ̤ż־յŵϵʮ㣬ǺŻһ̵ߣǵ£
ǡ
øòȻĳˣֻû˵꣬ǱոշŵϵĲСϣ̵Ĳˮӱ޷۽ȥۡ
ҲʲôˣЩ
ֱͦͦվţ̧ͷλйһ֮ԵĲüɣЩƶʵڳܲƶ˭˭
ȻƶñӣǲҲðһҳ
̧ͷһ̣üɣԴһƬհףʧ㣿
üǰｿŮǲüһ顣
ÿ˶˵ԺһǻϵɣɻʺҲ
Լòʮš
ֱǴΣһδӲԭʢμ̫磬һԱӲһ־ĽѺۡ
ڣȻڹ
ԭﻹƶᣬˡƶ׾벻ʲôطˡ
㡭ҪΪԱϣ
˵ƶûƶҰ䷢ΪᣬԱϹϵ
ߣƶδϣôܹϡ
ϰýӽѾ¶֪£װͿѼӲؿǹһը
һ˵죬ֲԻϣûϰӽ챾ԣܲ˵ñ㡣һɽңһֱƵĸоĵ״ܵȫ
̫źּƢϽСȰ˼ǻӽģҪʲô󰭣ڻǶô˵
ûϻܰѱ˲ɣ
ˣģʮ̣͢
ʮ̣͢ҪµС
һ뵽̫֮ǰ˵ģòӲͷƤȰҪõСҲ򲻿ڣãҪڻǶ˸Ժôá
ū澵Ȱɣ֣γҪһССõ
⻰˵ɵҪ
ζһ֣κγǸĶˣһֱûзӦ
ּɻһЩϽǳ˵ķӣȻǳˣͽж顣
üⲻ̫
ִյߡ
ɵЦ
վţԼ
ܿ죬ŵͿ
Ȼָ飬ʮ̾͢ˣɡ
ҪɾҪ
ȡ͵ӵԺúÿ
ǡŮߵܱߣҪȥ
һͼŭְһڹŮ
ܿ죬һŵԺӵ̨ϣһ̨ǰ
ŮһպˮţƤվԱߣСˣͷһޣֱڵΪֹ
ߵǰȥ
ϥǸĵӣ;ýûô߳ˡ
ﲻ޻һſǼʯӣһѹҪϥǹͷ
һ飬ǻԲؿʼж
ʹﻹŵӣƤͷġ
ѾһʱʼɳƣƵֿʼģ
ֹһɤӷ·ͣÿһֶõ滮۵ġ
žһǱϣպˮţƤֳأ¸ű޷ۣҲʵʵƤӡӡ
ҧŬȾ飬
ɤ˻ƣƾôﲻ˵ĳⶼõűӵĹŮȻһ޽һޣ˿ٵϡ
ͻȻֺͷһȣһѪھϣڵϡ
űӵĹŮ߽˿ص棺ǸѪιȥˡ
ӭϵ˿żŽϸʵذѼȥüιȥˣ
վԱߵֵԼӲãܲסĸϵȥĵض
ǡ
Ů̫ࣺϵͷǵԶһЩ￴ˣǺùӳԡ
̫æ֣һһߣץֵߡ
һԵСϲΪֲҰ׵ȫ亹һ˫վվϽǰͷͷλūԼԼȥ
˵ţԼһ
͵أСϲһɫһ䡣
ڹHĵطеСȨ̫ŪŮǳе¶СϲҲ˲ٹŮ壬ŮӵӹϤ
ɵʦ
Сϲ룬űҪСͷ֣ײײس˳
̫֣ŹǽĵıӰûǸĵġ
һ̫һ̫Ҳµȥ֣˶
Ǹ̫һͲˣŮ˼Ůˣֻɱ۵ķݶ˵ǸԼġ
*
лҪ˵


65 
ɫҰһ˿Ѫɫ ԲԾһСϲعڴһֱӳôˣôŪ
Сϲַŵϣʦ㿴ŵʦ ūȥˮ
ӿȴڿϣ ȷȥָԵ־һ£˻Ƶĺ﷢
ã ȥ һ̫࣬ȥ̫ҽԺ̫ҽ
˸£Сؽ⿪ӣȥϵķۣ һݺύûһƤƤ ޵öҪϢ
ֻ۾׵ÿкҴȾʪ εδ䵽ϲϡ
ַѾ۾ ûû¡
˵ˣԺ˵ôء
ȡȡɤӶۣ üͷΪʹš
عѹعع һ̥ǵҩ
šιȥ̫ҽҲҪΡ
ǵȵ
ǡӿ޲̫ҽϸκã ˵Ȼ̫ҽԼβ Ҫ˵С
ֳһϻ֪Ĺ졭̫ҽкʹԼĿУ ǲһġ
еۡӡ
˯
ֱ۾ ֽ׵Ľ
˯ȥ üͷҲš
ӽķԸǼɫۺû£ֻӸš
պˮСϲˮҺãݣʦˮˡ
ţӴӿšӲϵ亹ʹϵѪ
ûһȥ̫ҽ̫Ҳˣ̫ҽЩֺһӣվżǶ
ô￴ˣƫ
ŲЩط٣ֲܼˡ
ѾˮҲòˣλ̫ҽȥ
̫ҽСӺСϲͷˮҪƽֿҪõòˣǶҪ뺦ˡ
Сϲߵϣʦʦأǲ̫ҽ
΢΢ƶ֪ǵʦ˼̫ҽȥɡ
ǵµ˼Сϲһ뵽Լʱֵ¶ҲΪʲô̫ҽˡ
ƹɵվŵСӣ̫ҽ˼ͷһˣū
Լ𽵹סĴˣȻ˶Լ̫ҽһϡ
ָСϲţūţԺ붯̫ҽԺˡ
СϲҲûʲô飬Ȼǫ

ʱһȥԱطˡ
ֶͷЩ֣ɲҰתΪ˵ģ촽ûһ͸Ƥ
Сĵذȵˮιֶι٣ȻþƲĶͷ֫Ҹ£šӸͷϡ
Сϲһֱһԣû뿪ȥǷӣҪЩѰˡ
֪֪۾գһ£촽Сϲҵմ񸮵ͶǸ̫𣿡
ù˵С»ӹ
ţӵͷҵ𣬾͸˵һʦá
СϲȻ֪С»ӣ̫లĸɶӣЩûƷС̫ǰǸһȵĴڡ
ÿŰͽС»ӵ˺ȥˣŲϺš
ǱӿţСϲҧͷūȥҿɲɶظ
ãû뵽ʶС»ӣϲصɴ۾
Сϲ˳ŲҴҵС»ӵǬ幬ȥ
Ȼʻڵʱ򣬾סǬ幬ȻʼݱϼλͰᵽĵƽᵽǬ幬Ӽ󳼡
Сϲƽʱ߾ߣǵһߴա
˳ǽߵԱߣعŵ̫˿ӣ¶
ǿһأعŵ̫˵࣬ббۿķϣ˵
СϲϸĵЦС»ӹڲڣСе¶ҡ
ϣعŵ̫೶˳ǣūŵǴһӾС»ӹЩǶŶӶأĸС
ǡСϲӶͳһһӣⲻиˣ˵ԼС»ӹͩ磬ЩҪС»ӹ˵Ҳһ˵
и㣬СһѹĶġ
С͵𣬡ǿӣعŵ̫תת۾аɣȥɣС»ӹֵ䷿Ϣ
ллллСϲ˿ԼĴڸУߵǬ幬䷿Ƕ
̫ûбҪȥź򣬶Сּª̹½
ҪȥֵͿסӵ䷿߶
С»Ʒͣǰص䷿ѾС̫СŮźʳӡ
Сϲտ䷿С̫Ϳĸģʲô
СϲūǴǱߵֵģЩС»ӹ 
С̫˵С»ӹϢС»ѾվæС»
С»ӸղеģСϲ˵Ķģۼʲô
СϲϽعūǴרźʦ̫СϲϵʦЩãѾԹȥ²֪ˡ
һ˵ȻǴõĵ²ãС»һá
üô̫ҽЩźǸʲôԵġ
СϲѸ˵Ķ˵ˣͷ˵
С»ӻȥ䷿ǰվ£ȥĵҰ
Сϲһ˻ȥȻʧŬֹסˣ»һˮӽ͸ҾƣƿӸֲֺͽš
ȻҪֵĲӣС»ӣǰһX߽ӡ
ҹXһ̤СϲС֮źģǵһμϼ٣Ͻ񣺡ūŸ밲
֪̫̫ͻڻĽ׶ΣһСϲлϣӵڵϣ̵عڵϡ
XĿûϰ̧֣Ųߵߡ
ϵЩʱˣģ·ҪƤ͸
˫ü촽΢ţӽ⿪Щ¶ϸĲһƤ
һӲĲõĲãϽȥе£ֻû䣬Xһϡ
һӲϽ˳ȥ
ֻʣX֣Xڿվãֵָ̧֣ϡ
ָ̫øеʮֺ﷢һ̴ٵȻۡ
û뵽ῴƣд
ôˣ

˵XԼ֡
̧۾Ѿصƶɤӡۡ͡ȿȡ
û˵ָ꣬ϽͷϽµסͣÿ澹ȻȾǵѪ
Xüͷһǳòǳģϸ壬ͻȻƿϵıӣҪȥϵ¡
*
лҪ˵


66 
ְס֣ 
дƶм£һֱŴˡҲ˵Ҳûʲô ֽ񲻵òߴˡ
ָ˳ Ƥϸ۰𪣬һX֣һﻮ
Xָ΢΢һ£ Ҫֳȥ
ֵͷָ дƶӹ죬Ż䷢Ϊᡣ
ҪǺ£ֻδƶᣬ ƶϵĲ£̻
д꣬ ־ջ֣С
XӸµ ͷ ۽ޣǼ⣬ ٵϸͲɢǶ¶һСƬ
ְϵıƵһߣ ָ⿪µ´
˲ּϻ£ ¶Ĳ޺۵ϰ
ʶǰ˵ ָȥ ͱXץס ڿϡ
Xһֱֱֻûʲô
Ӳ ҪXȴ֪ʱӼ米Ȼսȴֻȵνϴkһӳϥǡ
һ˫ֺףϥǱʹüȥҲ̯
XĵطӵŮӵ֮ССġ
Ĺ֮ˣǧٸѰһһͱ򶪵ɽҰ룬ĺӣԼߡ
Ҳ˼ǰֵԵʣ˶˶ӣܵ۹ͳЦ
Խ룬ܱ
첻Ը׳ֻй˳Ծȫ֪зˣԼΨһĺ뻢ڡ
ʹȥ󱳶ð亹ſڴϣǰһƬڡ
ͻȻǼµϣƿıӸǻǶ
̧ۿѾԼX·վ±ϡ
֪Ҳϲ׼Xδ
۾֮￳ͷ
ɽ
ǡ
֪ߣ˵ԸԼֶֻΪһy
ԼڷãûҪԼһλݡ
ԣ⼤ŭɣٷ˳ƴ֮һŴֽҲ
һҩɱȨȫ˵
һʱţֻ޵ĺ
ͻȻĵŵʱXѱӺͷ˽
æС»ӻСϲС߽ȥϡ
ϵġXûվǡ
Сϲæǰ𻰣ػϣϳãʦж𾭡
˵ΪԵʦԷĳģҪʦŶҪ
Сϲ˵ֱףޱĨ۾ҲΪԼӽ˼ƻΪλ˵
ϾһǺ󹬵һλһɽҰãһΪԼокβɣ̧ء
Сϲ˵ˣʻXɫ糣
˶Ϊ¶ô˵ʱ԰ȥǸ
Ǹ̫ҽԺҽõ̫ҽƽֻ̫ʺԼӻŮƽ˵Ƚв
ͷףһΣǱ߾ûҲ³ˡ
ڻǱȲϵµġ
ȥǸ
ǸһǰܹΪǻаû뵽˴ãû뵽ǣϾȻ
æߵͷμϣꡣ
XԱӰ
ڱָOO@@ض˶һŴžͺµ¶ǲףǳ͢Աôҡһ˻ϡ
Ǹæ߹ȥۣȴһʱ֪ôƺ
룬ﲻ˵
ֿ˿XƿӰȴأȥڵϣѿȥ
Ű죬ϥѾ׳ôƤŨصڣȫѪ
Ǹᰴ˰ᱡ˿ٿֵĺ
ʵʵ£ӣXϣλôıǱˣµҩȥ
Ѻõģϥǣ̫ãĹͷͽ磬ҪýųѪҩƿȻЪһϣĹͷͽָ
ӦǺõģЩЩҩݰҩ裬ˮȣʮܼЧ
Ǹڹ˿ĥ˵ķӶȥˡ
λڴõȻЩ걣òʱҲ̣˸
ǡ
Ǹҽһȥͷӵ쳣ͬ壬ȴϣǡ
Ǹ͵ûз֡
˵ͣʱʱҪſģʱϲõġ
X쳼ȸλʩһ룬Ժÿ쳼һΣֱѪɾ
šXǻ﷢һƻϡ
ǸһƣҪԼʩ룬æ̫׼һˮȺӷϥϻѪȡŵĽ룬߸ϥǡ

ʩ룬Ǹˡ
ֶͷ鷢ˮʪһ˫۵ֹסطŻر
򴽣ȻһϿXˡ
ϸĿڣϡ
XͻȻǱָָϵһ֣Ρ
ֶۿȥָָŵǸ֡
ϣǸ֡
ͷָָһƶϲһ
ָǸ֣誻褵誣⣬֪ʾ
ԡǣ£ɳ˼ǻ֮¡
Xʺ㣬
˵ţֿʲô֣԰Ϊڣ֕ס
£¿֮
ֻ֣̫ҽͨʫ飬֣ɲˣ׵ĕ֣ɲ
̫ҽɵÿϵĵ£̫ȥūŸС밲
ŹڵϸԼˣְؾŴ죬Ȼ̧

õ·ⳣڵϢܿűϲС̫͵˸˶֪Ϸһڣ˷ţס

ɣϷɷƺըëϵĶɨϣһء
ǻʺסʹһεŹŮʧ̬֣֪Լʲô𣿡
ŕףգմأ
ֻһڣԺΪΪƾŷžѹһȥϰѱںεء
ҲľΪθһССĳôһԽķţʲôˣʮ빬ΪˣͺΪǣΪʺΪܻʵ۵Ůˡ
һ֣ǴԽ
ôһš
Լ벻ͨȻҲ֪Ȱʺ
ȻʺߣæȥʺȥĶ
ʺϵҪȥĵջ͡
ϷԣȥҲǡ

ǰϷԡ
οXˣ˵ڵĻûջȥĵ
ʺվھʹǰͬǰΣ͸ˡ
ѵôǸã
ѵĲ֪ľַش֮ĵ
᲻֪
ȴˡ
*
лҪ˵


67 
ֵķƽĺ󹬷·һף ը˻Ϊ˭ٴʥּ
ұ֮˵XȻһڣǳڵķŻǲĪǴҶû˯ѡ
ǣ ʺ밲ʱ ҵɫЩ죬ǹ϶ѹϲСϢ֧֧ص˳һֲһѡӣ˵ⳣھͷⳣˣ
Ǹˡ
˵ţ ֿɣ ˵ڱⳣ֮ǰȥĪǣһѣ
⻰ ɵؿϲһѵӡ
üɣеȥǿֱӴģ 뵽ǸתͷͰѻϹȥûϸ˳ڡ
ݺݵضŹ϶ѹˣ㲻˵û˵ưͣ
϶ѱϱһ ʵһڡ
ֲɣ üһôˣֻҪϻһ죬 üһĺɾͲС
ʱ͸߹϶ԲüһͲͷ ָ쳭 Ųֻ̤·˼ƽϡ
ʺѾָƽյĺ ųĹ϶ѹ˺ɣ ȰȰѾ˿ͣ Ժ󲁳ھǺ󹬵Ľã ҪģΪЩûҪ¶ȥ
ر㣬ɣʺȰƢԣ㽫ڽȥŪȼҪ˵˵ԩ˽ⲻ˽ᡣ
ЦĪ˵ֻһڣǹˣҲûбǸͷĵֻЩûúóԡ
Ŷˣ˵ʺλûλأһءüɣһͱ϶ѹ˲شһֱͨʺ˵һͨﲻʹ켫ˡ
Ҳǲʹ죬ѱһʼҪ˵Ǹ»ǹԱ¶ȥſǵʱʲôɫ

̫ҽǸÿնʱΣһʼȥĶǺɫѪѪɫתΪ죬ٱΪ
Ǹպ룬ֵСϥѪѾɢòˣ쿪ʼһҩͣһΣͿָǰӡ
ֻСҪмǣԺҪϥƽ·ҲעЩ˻ָ
Ǹҽȷʵ߰죬ֵɤӾûˣЩˮˮģܳ¸һ㷹
ϵı޺ҲǳҲӡӡ
ԼϵĿŷȥ׶л̫ҽϤΣ׼õĶ
ӶһԳɫõ񻷡
Ǹæȥֻ˷֮£ʹ͡
ְŵǰ֮ǰֵµūȥ̫ҽԺҩС˵̫ҽϥһԿɰŮԲԳͬһʯ񻷡
ߣʵҲ̫ҽƽҪʲôҩX˳ڣ˶ĳƺԳҲǰǰ㣬һʱỹǸĲ˿ڣܾԼƺԼСֵͦġ
һ˵Ǹ˼ˡ
ӵһǸϳǰҲСֻ˶ܵͣԽĲ֢Խ࣬һʮ
СвͬС֮ϣǸһһ˳ӣӵĳȺͳ̣һƽĵ㡣
ټСƺһַӣǸӺʺСԲ
ֳ궼ҪҩӻͨˮϴǸҩһ˵Լû˿
ȻǸԭһţ̫ҽⷬǿ˯Ⱦ
ߵԼǰǸһ׮£ϣ̫ҽܹæ
С˵ֻҪΪǵģһ岻ݴǡǸҲѻ˵Ͼܷǵġ
ֵסһͬʦãһЩ⣬ιʳһҩҩȻǶȴȶĥˣһҩܻʹࡣ
Ǹ볣ӣѹƣ
ҡͷܣһѹΣ´ηʹӱἫȿҩʱһֽѡ
ǸԽԽôҩаüӵλѰ
Ϣػ̫Ϲ˵ĥһֱѰҽⶾ֮Ӱȥ
ǸָӵϣûһüͷԽԽ
ɫأӣҩΣ
£ö
öǸһֻȥãŷſ
ּæʣΣ̫ҽҽ֮
ǸҡҡͷΪ̫ҽԺҽ̫ҽ֢ν࣬ҩ֢״ǵһμ
ֵȳ̫ҽԺһҽ伮ܷҵλ֢״ƵĲ֢
û뵽̫ҽûϢػĲ֢Ҳûҽ֮
ֻܵͷǾͷ̫ҽˡ
Ǹ֢үЩȤСǲ⣬λ˲֢ʱ򳼿һԹۿܷҳƵķӡ
ãʱȥ̫ҽԺѰ̫ҽ㲻ҽΣܹһЩʹҩҲǺõġ
ǸֻˣӹڵϣֵĽţ̫̫ģһǸɻˣټʹҲһܹϢػˡ
̫̫ƺѾûˡ
ӵһμͽ̫̫һоͽ˶ʮꡣ
ǰЩӽе£ЩСϲǺС
ˣû䡣
ַͷϣḧţģǰͷǧգǲҲˣȵ𡣡
šͻȻЦЦϥϲ˲䣬ԺСأǿ϶Լסĵطסˡ
Ҳиźˣÿ·ΣϲƯĶʱҪپ١
ֱЦˣ֪ڵķʲô𣿡
գգۡ
µĳڴӦÿûвҶ¹һϣѼֻʮ̣ʲ[ע]
ʲô̿ǰһģҪûӣڸǻ˵һֻѣһͷ档

û뵽ĳڹľȻӡ
Ÿ·ůٴء
ȻЩǷģ͵ľͲͷˡ
סӣĶȰȥܰȥãǶõĶ
Ѿˣġ
˵ʲôѾͷϡ
ӵ̫̫ͷ죬ܿˡ
šֻϲԼͷЩȻûϴ
ͻȻ֮ǰС»˵̫̫ͷѾˣ̫̫һãþ·һȥ

ΪںXֺϴһЩӡ
ҪС»ЩֶҪ췢һһΡ
ޡ
ԴﲻԾ̫ϹȱǿѹſĶ
*
лҪ˵
ע͢ٳ԰ٶȵ幬ɷ


68 
ҩ񫷢ʱ䵽ˣ Сϲȥ̫ҽԺǸ̫ҽ
Ǹ̫ҽһͿĿ״ӣԴҩҩЧȻʲôƵġ
Ǹ˼ҩûã СϲСӰסֽţ ȡ룺СԳҴ뷨Ǵ뷨ҲûãСҪ
㶯ְɣ ǿѹҩ񫣬 ӵ֢״Ѿأʱϲ֡
ǸŸҶָ֣Ž룬 ٶ׼ȷشͷϵѨ
տʼʮ룬ûʲôӦ ȵĽȥ˴룬ƽ ͬľ̥ ڴһ
־ϲѣⷨã
ǸҲһ С뷨ã ֻǾݳ۲죬 õҩкǿԣ ã ֺܴ󡣡
뷨α ֻʱѹƣ ҪѰõҩ
ʵסһʱᣬǲ죺̫ҽ˵ǡ
룬ĺɰȡһö̫ϹȴϢػ裺ǻõҩ㿴ܴܲӴ֡
ҩǲڴ֬ģ滹һ㴽֬ҩѪҺ̵ɫ˱ǡ
ҩóƵӾЩ궯
Ǹæҩӵֽʵʵ
ֵҩڼֻһҲ벻ǿסһΣ´ҩЧʹ෭ֱ˱Ƶꨵĵز
аԣ
ǣҩר˵ģ̫ҽ鿴ҩʱ򲻿ڡ
ˡ
СʱǸȡ½룬֣ѹּܳƫͻң뷨ĺ֢ûþţȻʰˡ
󣬹˵ǵԼҩ񫡣

ůѷҶɵĴͷ
ȻûʽޣҲûдӴðȥǱ߻ǽʱΪںĵһ
ӷ߶һƥңһƥװ׵Ĳƥô·̫̫ϲɫ
ϲһЩģȺˮ̷ۺԼǰһɫ
Ȼ֪ԼɫҲÿϲġ
λݿɲЩصɫûһڱӻ
ַ·𾭣ɣۿҪˣٲûôˡ
û취ֻõū澴ȥ¾ֵߴ硣
˵ŻһС̫߽ظ˸ͷūŸ׳밲
ɣѾϰǽԼ׳ˣĸģʲô¡
С̫üЦūǾ·ģ·ܹܵǰѯʕ׳ǷѾá
СͷؾˣӴãͰͷƹȥ
·Ĳϲˮúܡ
ɵͷҪ뷽跨ظ·˴ùϵǰԼúһЩ۵ĵطûܹԼ
һ㶣û뵽ȻΪġ
飬Ǹ̫ҽƽ˵ҵȻá
С̫æϲūȥػ
һԵӿҪߣʱŵĺɰС̫ͷˣЩţ١
С̫ϰ˺ǸҲƴǣֻūţϣС³ɡ
һߣ
һҪôȥˮҪôζ˵Ĳĸӡ
ָŶͷЩ˶ӵɵȾˣǼʲô˵ҵӳȥϷ֪ء
Ӵæ˲ŷӦǸɵ¶ж
ҪǱ֪϶ûӣżæŵģָôЦء
رСϲƽﾫأץԴصվţϷ˺ɫ
ϸûЪͣϻ㼯СˮעδδεǽǣǾְĴˣһʱ
ɫǺĪһ궯
·ʱ䣬Ȼһżͷ롣
չ£ͻǰû£ͻ뿪
·ܹܵͷ۽ǵעŻϵĶ
֣ͷһϲС̫࣬ӹ򵽻ϵǰ
ңһǵɣڶһڹˣλݵ΢ĳںʹӦ
Xָڵһӹӹڶ̣ͣڵ̣Ὣǿӷ˹ͷ﷢öһ塣
·̶ܹ˳˾·ǿͷƶԺŵ̫ȥ֪ͨ׳׼š
ǡ̫רģҪϴɾûܴ˻ϵļ֮ޱɰţͽĵ
̫Сܣܳ·ͺǰ̫ײһ
ǰ̫థһż򣺡Ķĺӣῴ·
̫ǲͷԲסԲסūҪȥ׳˵һϽϴ磬Ϸӡ
ǰ̫ץסˣۼҲյ˻ϵ˵Ǿ·˲յĹأ˹ͽ׳ѡ
ô̫һĻΪΪѣ⣬ǲϹء
ɳ˻ʺͻʹλݣκ޶ѹņ̃ȥ
ǰ̫һ֪̫ͨñϣ˵ôôأϾ죬ô˵ôȥô㻹ϵ⣬̻¡
̫౻Ļŵƨū֪ū֪ˣϾȥ
̫һ·ܵãūǾ·ģϲСϲСϽСӡ
ѾƽһӻСϲСӣһϢһϲĿȵؿ֡
Ȼ׼٣Դһ˲㶣л
̫໹ǵһμ֣ĵһۣ;ã׳ڿȹﶼҪ
ԾطС
ԸСԴһ£ū͵ĵʱѲ磬СЩ׼ɡ
û뵽仰ֲʣô˵ģ
̫ǧȷǰĹū˵ģˡ
˵ʲôоҲʲôоûС
ҲӸ̫һɰڿϣӸȡͷѾϰߵĻɫñ
Ѿͷѻѻ·ǳǳһ
Сͷ̣ū澸̸򵥵ķپ͵ˡ
̰ɣҲÿøϵϾС
ðɣСġ
СϲǶ죬ûһ׼ԡˮʲ˳ȥš
ϵķۣһsҵԡͰڵܿƤȾһǳǳĺ졣
*
лҪ˵


69 
ϴϣ ϵˮգźִ¡
ŵ̫ڽϵһ ߳ã ȥĵ
ϻϸ꣬һ̫ǰͷŵµ·һ̫Ŵֽɡͷ̫Ųƽȵؿ֣ ŵĵԼϣ ٰѴʷ¡
Լǻ޹ƻͨ͸ƵĴӳϣżһ΢ĵƻը һƬž
ůǱߣXִʣ һݷģ˵ס
蹬ŮϢذѲŵ˳ֵĵط Xһڣ ʰʲôʱˡ
ػϣ ʱ߿ˡ
ʱX˵ģæʱ򵽳ʱʱҲǳе¡
ɷɷָ վ͵⡣
⻰һڣ ǰźŵ · ȹǰӵĴã 붫μ䡣
μ붫Լһǽ֮ ԼǻϾ޵ĵطμϴ¡ĵط
ϴõXһ£߽Լ䡣
վǰʡ
ͬÿһŽŵˡ
XɫƿͷǶıӣ¶һű΢ܽ棬˯ŵ۾
ǺǰļΣָ°ͣʹ̧ͷϸľ£·һͻᱻ۶ϡ
һʼֻԼ°ͣԼ򦶼ʹǲֱ֣ԱƫȥŪ۳ˡͽдʱһ
֪仰ĶXۣXͻȻӱﳶ˸水ڴϡ
֮ǰֲ֪ԭ龹Ȼ
ôôôӿƵıӣshiǰ
Xץy͵ק

Ǳ̧ȥģһþͲصϣҺӺСϲû
ӿûоӣСҪҪõʲô
ֽŶģҡҡͷ˯£һٳԡ
۵۾ˣСССԲ
ãū澽ȱţϡĻͿѾڿϳ˯ȥջų졣
ֹסͷѱϣСϲ߳ȥ
û˯ͱӴӱڳﱻšõӡ
۾е㲻֪ԼδϦϦ㶵ذϲ˲ôôڣ
־ԼӾһƫƫһľȥཹðȫдһ֣
СˣҪȥʺ밲أ粻˳١
һ˵Ӳ΢Щһ˼־
ǵģЩոճгĺҪȥʺ밲ҲЩλݵ΢ĳΨһһܸʺ밲Ļᡣ
ֲӵݸӣһȣһ۵ĸоxinֱӴܵǶ۵סϵ顣
Сôˣ
û¡ĺ˿ǶУ´չ˫ۣӸ¡
ӴӼȡٺõ·߸ִߵ¾Ǳ߽ϣСȸһһһĻ䣬洩£洩²źá
أǵϰҲ˽
˻Ĵ磬ϰȹ
µģԲ죬ţֱͲӳƽԵţһЩӡ¡[ȡ
¿Ÿƣ߿棬洦ʽͷס
²ܵҪͷ»߿žµĿӡ
ƥȥ¾ģɫ˳£װɫ£ȻǸϹĻƣҲò
ִϳº£߳СԲױ̨ǰСӸͷ
ŪúִСϲӣֱʹ
Ǭ幬ұߣʹǬ幬ߣҪһΡ
ҹűX˴̢һʹʹǶҲʹһС̲סð
ӻôôۣͳ־ɻصСӲˣǰЩ·ūŻء
Сϲû˵
ۿӻͷˮСϲСЩڻЩʱ˵ġ
ްҶҪȥģڣץסСӡһȥڵ˾ʹ⡣
ʹŵ̫ȻУ̬֣񣺡ūŸС밲
ɡһͷվŵĵȺӵĹŮ̫֪࣬ԼˣﻹüףСϲţ߽ʹ
һ̤͵ͷϵĻʺ˹񣺡檸ʺ밲밲
쾰ʹ˸Ķ࣬Ҳ磬ҶŲ裬Ĳɡ
Ͼ˵ҹϷǸշĕ׳ڵӣڹأһ·̧ĵ
ƾʲô
һССĳڵòɣû
ԲԼͬģǶñƽʱ磬뿴׳ʲôģ
ֻһŲһϸӰӵ߽
һװ£ϵŴͷͷʽֻһһǳͨݻ
عѵĴţȴõ㣬ͷɶ˵
ǷƲͱҲѹȥòԺϻ
û˸˵û˸롣
ϵĻʺѵ밲ĳǶʧɫ֣
۾Ҫ䵽ϣԹ֣ϣȻ빬Իϣ۾֮Էڣ
һ˶ǹϵλݣҲμӹ̫磬һ֣뵽Ǹݾ޵ĳԾķϣĿˢؿ
ֶţ΢΢ͷӦϴˣ檲ʶʲôϣ֮ǰûɽӡ
ѻ֪֣ʺ󣬳ױױϥ£ϴǳϣǻɻңҲϵã
ʹȻըϣ
Ϊ޹
֪
ղŻòɾǾŵѪζͺգĿ޲ôƤ⣬Ѫʲôɫ
ʺ֮˵һ֣ͿųǶţ۾Żм֣ڷᶯ˶׳ڣʲô˵ġ
檲ʶ¹ˣҲ֪ΪҪг檳ϣºôһƵģҲǳ֮е¡
ƫͷųǡ
Ǻ޶һȻԼ첽ȥҪ
ŸնͻȻһʹŶӰϽʹ
ֻһУҶմ鷳׷˿
ʺҲû뵽ʱۣϽ֣ȥ̫ҽ
ֵֶ֮»ûȥʻϣϵ˼ˮʯ֮ǰ׳ڣĹŲκ˽Ҳκ˳顣
ֿͷּ
û뵽ʺȥһŶһߴ

*
лҪ˵


70 
ǲŲ Ҫ̫ҽ
ձָΪԱĳ󲻽ӣлʺ̫ࡣ
߳ʹ һԣ ؿ
˵ǳԾķˣһݳ䲻Ǳ־ˣȴһζ
ɽĻţ  ֲġ
ʲô˼תͷ
ɵ֮ĳϣȻ͕׳ڳһüۼúܣʮʮҲࡣ
׳ڣ ȴһ˵ĳࡣ
ЦЦ벻ǣ ˵˲㣬ʺδðɡ
վ˶棬 ǡ
ƳĹϣ ֱ˴ӵõķߡ
ļ٣ƵƵתͷȥ
ְס֣ ɫ糣ǰߣһ죬 ־վѾԤϵ
ϾǰǳԾķˣ νΪ̫٣ йλݵĺ ȥ
һã ˦ʹ̫࣬ ӾͼȹϵϣȥСô졣
Сϲ֪ʲô¶ֻ֪һӾʹ͸ǿ˵̫࣬ӵɫҲԾ
ڹҲʲʣڲֺӣ֪ȫȫβ
ϣַڴǶʺòҲȵ¶ˮʯȻдõķӡ
ͷƣҲûаô
ǡ˲֪ȴ֪ģֵ£һˣοŵѾߣֻҪʢľʣٷְҪ¶ڡ
ôܲ

ʹѳͻ̸󣬻ʺţȥĵ
񣺡ūŸʺ밲򸣡
ɫãʵأ
ص鳯м£ūſɸת𡣡
ˣʺߵһߣЩҪ׿ڸ˵š
⡭ʺɲһӣܹˣִˣֻǻʺԺƬ̣Ȼһʱ䣬ū̾ϡ
š
ȵۣĻʵ۶סǬ幬XλȴǬ幬סĵ
ϺϾڹأ󹬲øXϲ˽ĵض
ͻȻãԼǰǲǴģǲǸð߬һЩסһЩX½ǡ
վʱܳʺȥ
ֱ̬ͦׯر߽ĵ
ԶԶأͿXıϣһƵĳúÿˡ
߹ȥ»ףӷ蹬Ůнӹ裬ַXֱߣæҲҪϧԼ塣
Xֱ룬ʲô¡Ƿ˵ģû䵽Ķ
ֽ˽ϕ׳ʹ밲¹Ҳڣһ۾˵׳
ĵĸĿ˿XɫҲ֪һ򲻰Щ£ֻôһһȥͳɣ󹬷ġ
һ֮ĳ¹ˣһǿںԩĕ׳ڣʵڲ֪ͷľºİ˻£һϣʻϵ뷨
XĿ̧۾û˵ʵ
⡣
ʺľһ£ҧҧ¹ػɲó檲롣
Ǖ׳ǳԾķˣٰ˹ӽϣѱʲôĿģջطΪڵּ⣬ȥ
˵ʵʱʱ̶̿ҪĦĵĵطXеٮٮߡ
ŮȥСС֣Щϲֶ̨Ρ
ٹʣûʺԼ
ʺҲòż˽ģҲ˵ƽˮ
Ȼʺԕ׳ǲǳԾķ˺棬˽еǰʾͿɣȥðѕ׳ڽ
ʺû뵽X£һϲ
ܿ͵ã߽ȥ׳ڣϿͣĵȥ
ƽܱȥĵҫڣֻüǰų˵Ĵ졣
תͷֶͷվ԰ͷǰһˣ߰ɡ
ղŻʺ˵Ƿʱ򣬰ڱź֪ڴжΣա
ǳԾķˣ˿˵ȥ޻ˡ
ϿԽǳˣȴһܽǹԱһֱԵµϽӽ۾֮
Ψһƽ֮ȷʵǵ£ԾûаëǮĹϵ
Ͱĵܿ͵ˡ
ֵʹüۣڵϣ檸밲ʺ밲
û˽ǰš
ʺϿ˿ϣݴ֮ǣ࣬Գ¹һ֮ԾͶʻϣδá
ʺҲԸԩذ
׳ڣԳ¹ָΪĸԾһ£ʲô˵ģ
仰ͰԼʵչֵ쾡£Ҳ֪Լ£ǻӦʵģҪ֣Ҳֲͷϡ
һ̲֪ģȻѵõƽ
뵽ݵһμX뵽۾ͻȻعڵϣͷĵĵשϻʺ󣬳֪
Ȼô׾ˣʺ󼸺ԼĶ䡣
֪
ֵڵϣȷǳԾ֣Ҳȷɽӵĳ֮˵¡
˻ϡ
ƺܱ׼ͷȥֻ˳ıͺףԼһδİ׵û۵ϸľӡ
ϣ׳ڡˡ
ˣҪã۾֮ɱͷġ
ʺXڡ
Xã׳ڣʵִ档
ʵӵһݣѾֵ֪֣ǸѾ˵ϳķˡ
ԣ־Ȼװʶ˵ʱ뿴ʲô˳ֵ⣬޼ɵϷйԼy
ǣϲġŮˡֻ졣
һû뵽ֵyվڵ֪빬ְ˽лǱʱָһ֣һλݡ
֡
ָy
ָ誻褵ʱָһס
Ƕ󣬶Ǹ֣һڣʥƵ
ǰ˵Լǵ£һְ۾֮һ˷ֵĻԲǻԣʵ֣
XϵĻ׳ڳײʺţΪӦչ£˼
ϣӵĳͷ۾ĴȻҲҪ𣿣ϲš
Xɲţ֪Լ˵ٶ࣬õġ
ϽӲϥȻоϣǡ
*
лҪ˵


71 
ʺˣ ڵϵֻάŹڵϵǫ̬
X̧ͷ
Ӧ̧ͷһŽ¶
ʼҵӵܴʮ;£ ɹŮ˶Ը ɣȫˡ
XȻʻӣֵܲʻ̫谮͵ߵŮ˸ۻҡ
ʮǻҲһλyinӵӣ λȴһĹˣ ϥֻ
⣬ϲ⡣
˿ֹ̣ͷ
Xüͷһϸϸ· ĵطȥ
ǡ˼ ĵת
ͷһׯ£Ҫ˼ѹĵ ڹǽϡ

ʺ˿شã ׳ڵ˽ȥĵϵ鶼˿ţ 뿴ô˲ʡĵĕ׳ڡ
ɾڴ۾Ƕʱ׼һϷʱ ʺͰ˴Ӵó Ҹҵ ׳ھʹײԸ ΪӦ ˼¡
 ûʺʲô
ҪķǕ׳пǹԱʲôھʹĳײ
밲ʱﰵ¡
ʺȫɲغŪȥֻ˵ǴѱϣϵĶ᲻ɡ
죬·ǱߴϢ˵״ӦͷѾ
ӻϵǻڣûбͷƵĺ
Ͼ·Ǵˣϳʱ䲻˭ˣͻ˵ͷƷŵԻҡ
ůͣµӷɻѣոƿǶļֻСߴߴصͶιÿ춼ֵúܡ
չ˼һᣬһҳһŵߣӣ𣿡
Աһ˫ЬЬӣƫһۣԣЩ߷ֳԵɫŷ㡣
Сǰ첻˵鿴ūСϲش̫Ի˼㿴ϲϲ
Щ⣺Ҳ죬˸ˡ
Ӷ˶٣Сڣô졣
ʲôô죿
ӿ˿ãȻڳԺȶȱʱ䳤ˣ鶼˵׼ˡ
⼸СӰҲˣˮϣСϲ֡
˵¶Ӿߣ֮ǰСϲСʱӿûеǣøӸ߶仹ȼ̿裬ڲ˵ѣǸģž
ȴѾԤϵˡ
˲࣬󾫣ӵСĸ꣬¿ʵʵһ˫۾תתȥ۵ꡣ
Сϲ³ȿɿźѾˡ
ǾɵСӲʸ֦ȥ
ֻҪԼʵȥǾ͵ûˡ
ԵߴߣˮʹСڵֻȨƣ˭һ˭
ӻǲҲ˵ˣͷЬӡ
ǹʱҪ׵Ьӣǰûǰ¾Ьо˺ü죬Ŷֿʼ
ľЬףոãûʲôװء
ʱ䣬ȥŷСϲˣŵʳûУš
ֺվæ߹ȥôˣŷΪˣ
·ȫǲֽӣȥյˮ
ȻԼݣǶ̫ҽʱʣҩ࣬ϴϴҩϡ
ӺСϲƽúãԼﻹܣŶҺõˮšӵݸ϶ǲǣ֪ȥˣ
߶߶أվСϲԱߡ
Сϲӣ룬Ҫȥ˶زˡ
ԴֱΪӦͷƱ˼£СϲȥŷöʹżģǱ˿ۡ
ֻ֣һವζ׷ûвҲû
Сϲֻŷһ䣬ͱ߶Ŷӵĸ̫๬ŮңĿӣѧУ衭
ЩСϲû˵ֻ˵ŷĶڣ˼Ͱ˴
˵Ҳûʲô࣬Щʱͺˡ
ֿû˵ǺǸҩݸӣҩһ£ͲˣõӣСȥ
ūȥɣСϲ죬ӣҩߵСЩӸҲ첻¶
㶼ˣôɡ˿ϵжˣһⶼҪˡ
û£һС˲ʲôŷ˼ӣҲһΪūš
ͷгͳɡ֪Ǹģô˵ͷ
ϣСϲӣ˵˳ûţɫȻª ôʵġ
ֽǻʣµ̿˷Աߡ
̿һȼķ˾ˣɢζ
ûԵͳ˿ճǼƣСϲȺõķ˶˵ϣ˵һߣӿðɣ˾Ͳóˡ
ֽסһ԰ɡ
ūŲСϲ
ˣֲľвģô᲻ԶٶǳԣɡŮ̫ĴӵòϢϢء
źԼϽΪӦӣӸù
ֳϰ˵ģɣӲƽЩ
ллӡСϲ߹ȥŬСԼĴڸУֳַķͷš
ͻȻһ˼е
̧ͷͿߵտӣ۾ϺֻԷԲûζ
֮ǰСϲ֪Сߵū澳ȻûйǺÿҲ㣬԰С˿ڿš
ڵÿˣȺܶ˶ÿ
극˶˯ˣڶһ磬ָһ߻߻ðµİ¡
СӣҲûڴֹСϲ˵ƻһӣùµĹطֵˡ
Сϲ˵µʱ̲סСӰǡ
ţͰԺæأæŸ·Ьࡣ
ǰ˰ţھһӴüٵƣһ󹤳̣Ҫ㶫ʱǳԽ
µʱ䣬ѺЬӡ
׵ЬԼĻСϲӻЩ黭ϣԼġ
죬ӰСԽԽˣȥ԰ɣ˵ǶĻ֡
ֱʱǰչƻ˵Ӻ޲òһ˫ɳá
ֿ˿ߵ̫ѱʷ£Уһѡ
ϸõһ˵Ӿˣٵش¹ó
Ƶĳɵ£ͷģϸһſŷȥģӿ洦쵽ȹǣطֻǼ򵥵ķƣûмƣǼ̵ĳ¡
ԴСϲǴŷ˿־·ӣСˡ
˵XǴʹ͵ĸСܻƵӣǸӵˣʣ²١
*
лҪ˵
ʱ͵һ£
һܻһ㡣


72 
Ҳϲأ ʵС˼ĶѣչֱӸԼϣٴֻЬӵĻף һȡ
߰ɣ Ǳ˶ĵطգ¶ˡϾӲ˿˵ġ
ӵͷūá
СϲҲһūҲá
Сϲɱѧ߿ɾһˡ֪ϵã ̲סǡ
ۿӾҪСϲΪʲôҪѧ ô⣬Ͻ̧ǰߡ
Ҳ˲ϺСϲˣϽ׷ȥСȵң
԰ͷǬ幬棬 Դ԰Զ˳һֱֱ߾͵ˡ
԰ǰΪԷ غ԰ɡءȵ׺Ȥζʮɽʯ ָ滨磬 һļʤա
ֵģķǴ һ̤ܿǧĻ ʽĺƻ衣
Сϲʲôεĵط ȥǶ
СϲСū
Сϲᳵ· ֺƹǧͤ һƬĵ֡
ǽ·ӣ Ͷ䣬 Ҷϸһɳɳ
һ۾ϲˣͷͷͶϸĹ⣺Ǹõطôô졣
ĵӴߵѾЩˣҡȵֶЩᣬɸһ֣¾񱻽ˮһ
СϲЦЦһأֻ⴦ﾹȻһˮպôмʹȥ
ֲô죬ǰһǿǽʱˡ
ˮƽʯͷȥոպãбš
ͻȻִۼ£ʱͻȻ˽Ųڿޡ
ֵڴߣסȥ鿴Сϲӣĵط
ԭиСͷɫѵСŮǶ߿ޱߣϵҶҲ֪ʲô£޵
ۿ޵ԽԽģ׵ȥ߳ǰȥʡ
߹ȥСŮĸģЩҶʲô
СŮû뵽ôƫƧĵطҲˣ֣æȥū澸С밲
Сū´ӦߵˣЩҶǸСˮȣū˵Ҷˮɢȡ
´Ӧ
һ
뵽˽ôЩӶûһĳͥҲ֪Ǹôˡ
һ䣺ǳСʲô
СŮͱ˵ӣŵŵū澵Сͥ
û뵽һжɣȻǳͥ
ӾŮͥ潿ס߻ãͥ߶š
Ůûִ磬˲ǵˣѹ
֪Ҷɢȣɢȡȥݲ裬Ȥζѡ
СŮӣǳͥôˡ
öôչˣֶȻܿŮ⹬ʲô⣬æСŮôˣô̫ҽȥ
ʻãһСŮױﲻסˣŵССʱȾ˷纮ȵԽԽأۿ²ˡ
ūȥ̫ҽԺ̫ҽūûӣû̫ҽȥ
һæСȥӡ
СŮϵˮɣū澻ûժҶ
ժˣֽСϲȥ̫ҽԺҸ̫ҽӻȥá
ǡСϲܵÿ죬һգ۾ͲӰ
СŮڷӦӺԼʶժҶҲҪˣæȥ
ڶĹǽƫԶطСסĶǹµĳںʹӦ
ָոСŮȥ˺ѷεĿͶص
ֿ첽߽ȥһۿˤڵɫƵĳͥӺСŮѳ´Ӧȥ
ͥȵúˣŶġ
Լߵˣ۾ɴ󣺡̫̫̫
æԱߵū澸´Ӧ밲Ǖ״ӦĹŮ˵㲡ˣ̽
ͥͷˮ̫̫ߵôڹ˵̫̫̫̫Ǖ״Ӧ
벻ףԼΡ
СŮűӵСūȥ԰Ҷ˕С˿ɺˣһ˵СӲãȥ̫ҽԺ̫ҽ
ͥСŮֺֿӡ
֣Щ£Ժ˵
֮ŷҲǺܺõģǳͥסҪΪһӡ
ͥҲǸսʱСŮ֪һЩô˵ҲʣڴϵЦˣûʲôдġ
ӣȥյˮɡ
ֿƤ촽Ҳȥæ
һߣʣͳͥ档
빬ʱŵأô
빬ʱﵽһģÿǧӣѺͷ棬ûлϵʹͣҲܰʱ䡣
ǰӶѲ
ͥۿһӺˣȴûᣬֻصһ빬ǹˣǴӦλݱҸߣȥǰأԲעͷҡ
ⲡҲʱȾϵġ
ʱӺͶҲǿȥ
⹬ͲǸĵطһҪһӦ練ơ
ȳǱ֣ЩҪͽĳڴӦ֣ҪǳͥĴͻȥˡ
ͥﻬᣬ֣̫̫ؼңҵлˡ

֣ӽˮȥ
̫ҽˣӵķϣͥСȿȴЩʱˣȺҩÿհЩεƷţһҲƽˡ
⻰ǿ˵ģϾ￴ǮģҲˡ
ֵͷȿӣҩٿ
ǣС̫ҽһдӡ
дúݸ֣ÿհմ˷£ĻλСĿȼתᡣ
л̫ҽˡЩ˲Ӳĵóһӡ
̫ҽһߣֶԳͥҩôࡣ
лл̫̫
Ժ̫̫Е״ӦɣңѲǴǰˡ
ͥǹŮСûźˣȰѽҩųͥȥߡ
ʱɫѾˣĴѾ
¹ԿִӼøϣմǬ幬Ǳ߲Ϳ̫๬ŮӵŵĲϴ˵ǽ
ڲϵXһƵ£ĵķɫӰͨ͸ϸϸ⣬÷·ӻһ
ǰǸոմĹԶˡ
ֵһXǰɫ
Xϥϵӣûͣ
Ĳʧڹϣֲӻشá
ո£ˮûüȣͼ·߽ϲɫ
ϲ״Ӧϲ״ӦϷӣ
*
лҪ˵


73 
ֺӻСϲϢˣ ӣӲǱ
·˲ῪЦ Сϲæˣ źϴһ±̫ʵʵģ̧Լ䡣
XѾЪˣӴǶ һ顣
ָձ̫¾ͲĴڣ ̫ȥĽŲOO@@شӱһͷ˳Ľȥ
һʱֲˣ ְkuһ㣬Ǵ˲䡣
ϵıӱһ ŶĶ
X飬ƿӣ ԼǴ֣ ͻȻļһ
߶̫ʱ߸ϣ ʱ쵽ˡ
ͷӶɢ˵X
XʯͷӲء
ŮΧʱ Ѿһ̲࣬ ձĽtun šüͷϸϸغߡ
ŮϽܿ ȴسǶȥ
ֻϸüһƿյ£ ԲԲtunֺף 뵽⵽ĶԴ
ǰЩɴû
֮ǰźϴ裬֪Ĺ֮˵Ǽٵģ治ɫĲֻԼ۾
ŮǲҶ࿴־ظϴӣϸɾ£ţͻشá
ֻȥͷ˯˯Ͳѡ
ڴߵӼˣϲɫСū澸ȥŷԵģҪ
ͰڿϣһӣŲˡ
ֳŷ졣
ɲǣʱ򣬺޲Ӭһǣһޣ`˭ûշ硣
ˣ˵ˣ˵˵ȥҲı䲻ʲôû⹬ôˣ˭Ҳû˵
֣ӷԼͻȻ˵СϲȥǸ̫ҽ
С岻
ɫЩȻǶеס
û뵽Ȼ⣬ŵصͷãūźЩСϲȥ
ָճ㣬ͱϷӵ¶һ˶֪ˣԴ׵˲١
Ͼϲ󹬣ȴһַһΡ
λݵͣסڴãøʺ밲Ҳøλ밲ץ˶ץš
ָճԵ㶫߶ͻȻ֣ӸշȥͼûС»ǰ˸ǧūŸ״Ӧ밲
С»ӹǡ
С»ϲЦտū״ӦģӦ뿴
һԣ̩ƿһԣн񴺸սһƥһƥʱµĻá
ЩʹͶǼ۵ɫһϲ
лС»ӣǰѶսȥС»Ӻյߡ
С»Ȼ£ĵǱ߶ָв£ūžȥˣԺӦĻỹء
˵꣬ˡ
Ѿʹ۾ƥͺޣСϲɫؿǲûǮȥЩ˵Ķˡ
ְǶù׵Լϣȷʵÿ
ϣһǴĨҩĨ꣬ܽС·ˣ˵ϻǷӣ

ԲԲСɵĴɺ䵽ϣԴ̲סðһ䣬˶Լ¿ûɡ
ԶĳͥҲСŮ֪״ӦŷҹӣҩСŮȥãһȥͿӴ̫ҽȥɵʣ״Ӧôˣﲻ
Ѿ֪Ķ۵Ȼ˵ֻ̫ҽƽˣӿ
ͥӻãɫЩ԰ףѾǴǰǸʲô벻ںĹŮ֪Щ²˵Щ¶˵ûãҲ׷ʣЦЦСŮ
ڿϣɫֿ֣˵ȥ㣬ˡ
ôӺòãûаʱҩ
ͥĸöˣ۾ˡ
һ˫۾ǰΪò۰׶˻ɫ޿ģһ˲١
϶ҵ飬ֿԼͺá
ͻȻĵʱСϲܽС̸¹ǹſڵһӣˣ

¹ˣǡ
ӣĺѾ˸£һ¾Ҫˣʲô
ִЬӵͷӽеߣһ˭𿿽
ͥˣֵ䣺״ӦǻǱȥթ
ˤǹſڣҪǲȥŻᱻסͷԴ
ǰȥ˵ģȥ¡
Ƕֳ£һܹԹְۣæ
˽ģ첽ߵ⣬û߽ǵͽʹӭŨصѪζ
ڵϣµºͳѾѪ͸Ŀˡ
ߵĺѾͷðǣæȣ״ӦȾСɣ
ūźúͿСҽóȻǻẦСȥ̫ҽ
ؕ״ӦСʱֻū澣һʱڲȥ̫ҽ״Ӧæ
Ҫ״Ӧū澰Сūȥ̫ҽ
Ҫȥ̫ҽֻǣʱˮõϴϴ塣
ۿųӿѪԽԽֵ̫࣬ҽСߵȥУС
ڴɣҲǱСġסܲʻ̫ģ˼ҲԼ
˵ţֽСϲȥһˡ
ǺݺݵؿһŶһָ㣬Ҫⲻ֮ˣСĺҲ£С㣡
־վԼǰһһɾҪ״̬Ȼս
ҧҪͷһһصСԣĺӿӣᱻνľš
ޣ
ǹ
˶⸱޵Ի󣬱СᣬСҪ㣬СҲѣƲ𣡡
һԺĳͥˣ̫̫һĺӳΪ¸ĵճС㣬ûеģУǲܳԵģǳţһֻмѣͷµġ
̫̫ҲųǺĸôô̫̫ء
ЩֶﺢӶҪסֻ˺˵ʵڽ
ִһԣۿš
Сϲܵÿ죬̫ҽ֮Ҳ˵ߡ
ϸ˰˿ǵĶӣС̥ѾʼˣҪЩ߲ҩ
ҴºܼСøɡ
һԼĺӾȻھҪĿض֣ȥʺ˱СıСá
*
лҪ˵


74 
ȥ棬 ´ӦĹŮȥʹһˣ˵¹ڴſڵˣ ̫ã ҪδáֶԳͥ
ͥĻתͷߵСŮ
ȻվԶԶأҲ
һ򰲾Ĵóɫ䣬 Ժֵ︡ģ Цò
ųڣԳƨԼ̫̫ġ
ߵһ仰 ūֻŶһһ죬þõź̫̫
ǣ һμ棬ȴǱ¬ϵͶ뾮У ۾Լ ƺڸԼ̫̫ ¡
ְסͥյý֣ĶĿʱ˭˭Ҫһ࣬ Ժеǻᡣ
֮أ ǻʺ һϢҲŲҴҵظˣ ֺͳͥ˵һ񣺡檸ʺ밲
ϽŲһ٣ Ѿ֣״Ӧ ڳѷºͳ¹˵˵һ¡
ϥǡ
´Ӧҳ˵ûһ˾żæŵܽ˵¹ڴǰ˺졣
ǳ檴˳鿴ȥ̫ҽ
̫ҽ˵¹˶֮࣬ȴ߲ҩС檲⣬Žȥʺ
Ͽһۣ̫ҽʣ¹ôˣãܳ⡣
̫ҽ϶Ѫͷϻкڵϣػʺǲã¹˴̥̥಻ãҲû̫İա
ʺüͷ¶ûô֪УǲľŻή㣬ȥų¹ˡ
ǡʺ⻰˼̫ҽһģæȥô߲ҩ׼
ʱһȥһһѪˮ˳
˽ŶҪվʱ̫ҽͽӴڻʺĽ档
ʺƺеżˣ¹˸еĺΣôû
΢΢ءػʺ¹Ѿˡ
ˣʺвõԤС
ſڵϵСڸб̫áһ͡û
ǣȻ˸̥
ֺͳͥ˿ԷӾûϴյľ˵Եģǵӣ֪ԼþȻǸ̥ҧǲŹ֡
һ߳ĬոĳҲ֪Ķ嵽ڵϵ̫ҽͲߣɫֲץ죺СĻأǰѱСĻӲĶˣ
һ踾ʺȻйŮ̫ȥ
Ů̫ŰסĳԹ۾ض֣㣬Ҫ㱾СĻҲ£
ǴĻӣǻϵĶӣ̫ఴţҲ̬񣬶̫ҽ˵Ǹƫ϶ǻӣ̫ҽ˼ƣ˵˵
ۿѾˣʺҲԸ£뿪Ҳ̸
ûһĹ򣬳˸̥Ϣ˶
֮ǰŶĺжЩһţҲûʲô¶ɵ˵ж
رһֱҪȴҪϵĲüɣһϢģүҲ۾ģ˲ãúã϶ˣҪúúһ
˻Ҫװǻƣϼѹⱻ˻
ȴã˻̫ʺ˭Ҹɫ
ɶԳ֮ԱǣҲǸģȻ̥ôͲѕ״ӦǸƳ
ֽһͱӣȻˣƢһ˳һŮһڡ
ʹŮ̫ʲôʱع
ŮһӣͿˣ³̫ﶨõĻعӡ
̫իÿ꣬ʮԺ󣬶Ҫȥסһʱ䣬׽׽ȻҲ⣬Ѿȥ˼¡
ȥʱƺƵͣʱƺƵ˽ӣʱųXϻЩ
ֶ̫ŮȻվǰͷģŮŵӣ̫عձҪúǰȥӭӡ
ֲȥ֪߶ķӿ
ԳͥȻȥƲҲҪȥ߶һ̥˳ʱ򣬱ˡ
ãСġ
ͥԳֺ־壬һ뵽ղűŮ̫ʱӣͷġ
ֵҲСЩȻڹſڵͷϣһҧˣ޹˼ɡ
ҡ
ͥɫƺЩ£յֶߣ̥ʵЩŹ֡
ͷ˶۳ͥ
ͥʱʱҹȥѵұע⵽̫ҽпʼÿ춼Ҫһȳҩ
ǰǸŮУû˭ԹƵĶ
ҳǽʱûڷ裬·Խ²Խ޼ɵ
û뵽ͥȻ˵Ļ
ȷʵȻſ񣬵̫һЩԼĺӶˣˡ
·ͷ
ֲ꣬ŵµǹѪζɡվͷСϲʰʰ
ɣ·ǱߵҲˣ˵ϽַӣϽ׼
Ƕûùһ˵Լޣ˫ȾЩ¶ɵɫ¹˲СߵٲˣﻹģûеطԡҪȥ˻ϡ
·̫һӻƵģææµĹŮ̫࣬Ҳ̫ˣһ¶ڲ֡
ɲǣַ·ҲΪ˷գʰãʱҲˡ
·̫ԣֻȥϱߵܹܣ¶ô졣
·ܹҲû뵽룬ҵū׮Ѱ쵽¶˼Ҹ⡣
ϻСһֵİһ˦˵ɣʲôסһ·һ֡
·ܹܸϽѳ¹ڴ´һңڲϴ޵¶һһʮ˵ˣ̯ᣬ˵˵ūŸô졣
һžһźߡ
ͽкĺԵ
֣״Ӧˣ
˵ʲôܣ˼Ƭ̣Ҫ·˵Ҫ˴ΧϴһֱӵX֪ʱվ˳
ȻXκ£ǰ¶˵ˡ
ֽŵXĿ˳̧ͽƽһĵźޱī
ǴĵſڿǼƵ£߶̧ģXͻȻ뿴ʲôӡ
£ȥ·˵
·˶λûŷӵĕ״ӦúܣϢܹȥ
Ϊ޾ô˵̫ࣺܵ˵ҪСȥ̧ȥˣ
*
лҪ˵


75 
Ȼ϶˵ ССĴӦȻӣֻ·Ьӣھ·ĵȥ
֮ǰأ ǹڱ̧ȥģ ȥǱһо
ŵ»ྵ죬ĵţƹӰڣ ֱֱ߽ǰ ָڱϵX˸񣺡檸밲
ֽţ¼ӵXӰ̧۾
һпطɧ
ȣ ִ˼ɫ޵£߿洦ͷ ȴ˼̩ĳ£ɫ ֺÿ
X˿ ۾΢΢ţ֡
ֲӶ£ ߵһԶĵط
϶ѵĶǸӣɲܿ ˻֪Ҫǳٻ¡
Xмľ룬 ·ô˵ġ
ֿһۣ ͷȥ˵Ҫźī
ڸźī

ˡ
ǰ ϵķӣ ̨ϼһˮ īϸϸĥ
һ֣֪Ƕõīɫڷϲˡ
طīиطص㣬Ϸĺͱģϵĺеģϵϸ΢Լе¶ˮīһ
ɽԺԺ֮͵Ķ黭鷿Ķ
īȳԵķ࣬ĥ룬īõͩͶÿһۣͩͣмԼƬ㣬վտīʦŵĺī
׾һīóţ˵һЩõʱƶǶĻ
ĸףЦſǣ߻
ĸ׶Ը׵İһȥĸҲȥˡ
õīֲСĳ˽ȥ׵ī
X֮ǰ¡
һμ֣ɽºɽͤͻţִѾ±ߵ̶ˮ֡
һ۾Ϳ˲ʮʮġŮӡֹ棬Цݲãϵ̶̫ˮ
ڶΣɽɽֱС֮ͽ°ߣڼȥʹʢԺ
Σڳ¸
־һֻ棬ҧһھӡǣ궼ûһЪͣ
ˣ߶Ϸڹһ
XջĿ⣬һԼϵˣְµµˣµġ
һʼã־ܲˣûЪ˲ɵһ˿
ʵXϵʵȤúܣÿϳ˳Ҫټ󳼵鷿ĵ飬ȻӣʱҪҹ
Ŷʮ꣬Ҫʮʮɶࡣ
ʶԼʲôһϽջ˼ĥī
ͻȻһըףһʪ͸ڼСܽͨڵϣϣƺӾˣ
仰׻£ûǰ¶XüͷݺһšϸأͥأǸʲôԵģ
ڼϴ˺ŴЩӶڵϣ֯ճ룬ˮʵ̫󣬲̫㣬ϴ˺ŴҲŲá
Ų˾͸ǶXͻȻվڵȫȥϢŭ
XôϢŭ߽аߣڸȫнȰɽӪ˽йȥȰѰհ
ߴǣ˭ҪڹҲʹ죬ްȥ»ƺӡ
ưô꣬ʲô˲ˣϽɡ
һѾ߽
찡Ҫǳʲô£ۼǵƤ
һ˲ûˣֻ֡
ʵŭXһ׺ݵ÷·Ҫһ
Xȴƽʱ˼̻
ԭҲǻ˵ġ
ҲһȱԼ
ҪźûˣȻҲĹŮҪ˰ɡһ˴ĵ
ѻһˮû׵ЬӸߣ˳˹ȥ
Сµȫʪ͸ˣµˮ
ѾæӺСϲűΪʲôˣһɡһŵ߳ȥ˭
ֵСϲӣҡ
û뵽ȻϽţʪЬӺ°ڣæɡչȥ
סЩȥɣʪˣȥǡ
Сôˣôô磿޼ΣѾ˹ɣҹǲġ
ô磿
ѵʲô£
ɫ־֪ʲôƺӾ̣ټ鳯ȥˣҾȻˡ
ֺӶûˮ֣ԻƺӾû̫ĸֻ֪͢Ҫ֣Ҫ޵̰ӡ
СϲȴǾˮֵģɫˣ˫ֶĵķ˰ݡ
Ա߿Īʲôأ
Сϲūӻ˳˳λƺӵ¶ˡ
ֽݣ߰ѻˣСϲСϲԭˣ
Сϲ֣ūʢʿūȥס
ˮ

·ڿϣһӲˮĽţһСϲ˵ˮֺжô¡
ʳˣõĶߣûгԵģûкȵģ۵ΪһڳԵɱˣҲѼĺȥ
ˮֹߣ֮ڲ̣洦ɼõʬ塣
Щ뵽ִûģɵ֮ǰXŭӣɡ̫ҲȲıӰ
XҲû󹬣һЩϢҲ˽
˵λƺӾأֵİպܶ࣬Ѿ󳼰ҹԵĺȵĶһˡ
˵ϿԼ˽⣬˲ٶֵ䲻ΪԼӻڻǰӡ󣬷׷׿ҡ
ʺȡͷϵ䣬ϵִڻ򳪸档
Щޣ˲ٺöڻʺּܲú󣬽ѣСϻȥʹ
ճãŲɺͺһѹ˳ڴӦײ˸š
û˵ʲôŰظ߸ߵڲϣֲñŵʱûԭ
˵һߣ檸밲
ɲҪ밲ڿǻˣҪ˰ﲻڻǰСЬɾ𡣡
˵һȱﻹӵŹõݣӶġ
Ͷǳϣ˵խָڻǰ˵ʲôûϲˡ
ɿվǽǵ֣߰ɣʺﻹţȥ˲á
˵ţˡ
ɼƵǶҲ˵˸ۿڲϡ
ˣֲŴ˸ںͷյʹĹϣͱǰʽĹס
*
лҪ˵
컹ˡ


76 
ƽ ЩڴӦǲʹʺ밲ģԴվŵ˭֪
ȽϽĳͥ߹֣߹ȥ ǱԶ ΪҪ
˶ǴӦλݣòŶԶԷֿ˿붼岻ȥľʹſڣߵƫԶһĵطӺõûУ ̫ҽҩɻţ
ƽ ˵ǲóҩƽԵεˮͳɣֵ֣ͥĸ Ҫ̫ҽԺŶȥ ˵ҩˡ
˵Щʲô˵
ͥҡͷԲ˵ ȴܲ飬 ˵ˣȣ ҵӲԽԽùء
˵ųͥüŪۣǲ֪ովŵĵطȫ˵״Ӧûϳ谮 Ҳء
֪˵Լż챻Ϸӵ飬 Դ͵سֵģ һЩ߰Ļ棬 ϽֹסͷûûС ֪ʱʹЩԵģ ס죡
˵˲˵ˣ˵ˡͥͷģ˵ڳ¸ͷĽ֮
Ա˵˵ЦЦⲻ֪˵Ŀ򰵵ǡ
һЩûֵģ۾챻òʹ
ͻȻ˸˼ʱ򣬻ʺߵ߳ū澸λС밲ѾԺλСȥ
Ⱥߴߴһûˣ롣
һȥͿʹǰվŵĻʺһɫ£ͷҲأɨһ۽ǣɫʹصƺӾ̣ܿ࣬ǰδǺŮȴҲûԹ۵ĵ
ڽڽҲΪճʣЩ͵صĵطȥ
˵ţ߹Ůӵ̧ӣ֮һǽһǸɫΣм밲ɶİ֮
ʺͷˣȻ󣬵ȥ̧һӣеضԻʺʺ壬檵о壬Щ鳼檶ģǶҲŻʺʵʩգǵĸҲǳ檵ĸ
⻰˵ģԼĶȥȫɻʺˡ
ĸԸ˿ɲ
رɣתתϵǶ챦ʯĻף⻰˵ģгˣʲôлʺʵ£Ǻ˵ʵ¡
Ҫ水˵ģ檻Ѷ̧ȥʡóǮ档
ﲻĺֹɶ뷨Ƕȥ
˭ѵôãĿɽôο
ʺɫһɣȻǺ˵Ĺͣռɣˡ
û࣬Ը֪ɻ֣Ѷɣûûʺȼˡ
ߵ˰Ѷӣѻʺȥ
ʺֻսһݺơ
λЩССĳڴӦʵʵվţ۹۱Ǳǹģ񿴲ľͷһ㣬ֵԼˣͰѶȥ
ڴӦķ٣һļֻаѺͷ棬ûгģҪάóĶҲǳ١
ܴһСϻӣЩȵģȥϽʣֵǮ
ְֵֻ֣װСϻӵݸʺߵ֣˵Ŀⶼϻϡ
ֻⱦжж׹רŴ˵ĽӣЩΪǻģɸʽСģȤζʮ㡣
ִڼ
һոȥ˼ʮӵĳ᲻ضԱߵ˵˵һһλأ˼óĶٿóĶˡ
Աߵ˵ԹûϲˣҲϲ
ô־Լء˵ĳҪˡ
Աߵ˽ŵⲻǳ־Լ磬ûҲбˣҪг裬һʱгˣο໹ȵڡ
ǲЩˣܰȵڹ±ӣˡ˵ڱ߿֣졣
˰
ˡ
ôĿĿԵģ궫һͷĿײһ
ûӦھͶЦЦ
Ҳ˸Цݡ
һռãʺ˰Щȥĵ
ĵЩûϨXڸĹԱסͷһ򽲾X°ðһ硣
˵ʺͶΪǳԵĺȵġ
Ҫ˴ˣͶ˵ʺ֪ƺӾ̣İգ⼯ǼЩ䲻࣬Ҳһ⡣
Xû̧ɡ
ǡתȥûһ߰˸̧̫࣬ﶼǰλźõĺӣɵǷݺͻʺǷΪۡ
ڵĴǶߺʺ£ǰ֮
ʺɵĶýXȻҲһۣĿɨɨڿĵطһֻСϻͷķ
ӣǰЩӻĳϡ

ȥæ񣬲󹬣󹬾һ˵ͣʯͷȥݡ
֪Լڷ˼⣬ɴڴдд֣飬򷢴ʱ䡣
ͥҲöˣһܵ档
죬ͥսһűʣһְһխ³ЬӣûЦȥʲôأ
Ьӣôֱֿ֡
ͥӣ߹ȥ˿ֻǿЬһϵĵطûʻ˾ƺͷӣÿˡ
ոջЦĳͥ²ذЬõϣÿĻЬϿǱˡ
ֻҪãϲǻéͷǱҲϲԼģҲԼµϲһֵģɫ޵ģá
ЬӽӹȻɹգͿ԰ЬӷȥÿúܣҪҪҪһԸ㡣
ÿĶûĸŮֿܵˡ
ͥͷҪҪҪһ˫ÿЬӣǶǺõġ
УһԼáּͷŻʡ
Ȼͥʲôֵպ·ϣɨ̫Ƕֹ˵̫³Ҫˡ
壿ֱѾˣ
أҪ칬˶׼š
ˣ˵ʱλݸߵͣҪȥӭӡ
ִǰÿ궼Ҫ̫٣̫Ҳûꡣ
ʱһ̫һǹԱϼһ棬˸ӴŹϵ˭˭Ρ
ڡ
ָһ㣬ϽʮԼʮˡ
ͥǰ˻ΣʲôǣûӦ
ֻҡҡͷûʲô룬̫ӦǺദİɡ
ֻͥڵѡռ̫һ棬ҸԶԶأҲ֪̫Σλݵ΢վԶ˵̫½Ƕء
ֵͷҲǡ
*
лҪ˵
ɣŶ


77 
һյĹ򶼻ڼ˫Ьϣ úҪͿϺõͣԱ֤ɫޣɫ Ȼڲ̫䵽ĵطɡ
ֱֱ Ӳ֣ˣ߰վͿˢڶͣˢΣЬӾˡ
ͥԼ˫ ϲòˣ ſȭ˵СȥȥԽԽˡ
˵ãһ˵ͷǹɱȵûľˡ
Ϳģ 뵽ȥ껹ЩӶûʲôʳ ڡ
ץµĺϣ΢΢üǰӴ죬 ʱȸ ôˡ
Ǳȥ죬߳ ȵһ֣С ÷ӺͱҶġȻְһͥ
Ȳغһڣ ÷ӵͱɵ ˳ֱӡ
ɿһüͷ ӣĺСϲأ
ӵСϲѾȥˣ ū澵Ĵȣ ū澻ʡ
ţֻ˭ԼһС룬Ͼͳ巹ˣ׷ЩЩ
á֪жѰģܳԵ¾ͺˡ
ۿͷ̫һձһҲΪ̫ĻعԽԽæ
һ磬־ͱӽϸսǻװºҳ£˸ͷһ޻һֻ
žˣҿ˿᲻̫˵㡣
ֳϣҶأҪǴ̵ģעĿַ˷ֻбٵ
߰ɣȥ˿ɲá
й˵̫ӶŻعЩӶҪȵǶš
붫ž벻ִ̣ӺСϲȥҳͥһȥ
һ·ԽԽ࣬һ
ͳͥȺǰߣͻȻһ¡
ֻͷͿǰЩھʹЦЦվһͷ˾͵̸ڣ½ڣһ·ɡ
ãָûɾܾͷ½ڰǴÕ״Ӧ´Ӧ
ýܣعûвģЦŵ´ӦҲʶ̸ʱ档
Ц̹ᣬ󷽷ģ⹬͢Ҳļҵĵĸ
ֵ˵Ҳ֣״Ӧһ۱С;У˵仰
ڹͷ̧ͷԺ߶߶˵ſ׻
뵽ڵ棬ЦݲãԿԣǴӭ̫С͸״Ӧȥ
ڹ˶Ƴˣ߹䡣

Ц۶
ϣûˣֻаݷķݶ
ңȷʵᣬеϲ
һʼ˱ʮĸߵǰ棬߸Ů̫ں棬žͱ㡣
ܿ죬һ˾͵˶Ŵ
ֻվŸɣǰͷǻʺ󣬵ɡ
ǹ˳ڣӦվ
ں½ڸǰݱȥǰһĵطˣֺͳͥվڴӦͷ
ͻȻ˸ովȵʱ򣬶ŴźȻ򿪣̫롣
ʺ񣺡檸̫밲̫򸣽𰲡
ɡڲϵĵ̫ɫƺǺܺãߵɵЩʣ֮ϯͲؾٰˣʺЩӰҪչ𣬹С¶ˡ
û뵽̫ӾȻʣʺһ£ǣּ̫ܲ
̫̹ȥúܿ죬ʺ׷
Ȼ̫˵ϯذˣҲɢˡ
ִųͥҪߣں½߹״Ӧ治ɰ˵뱾СȥǶ棬ȴҪˡ
ֿء
Ź֡
ڿƲ˵ƣߵߣ״Ӧӣƺŵ
־棬߱ߴ𣺡ھȻı£
ڽЦЦЩԨԴ
ȥǶõ롣
һ۾
ǺöӦͳڵķûˣֻйϲã٣Ҳţû뵽ڹﾹȻС
֪ԼŹжˣ̣һȥ㳤û˻᲻ϲ㡣
գգۣͻȻ˭ˡ
ֱһģһ
뵽ˣֶڵȥ٣ӹĻͷڹôбģ֮ǰȥʣ񸮶˵ûС
˵Ի϶ĳ谮ֻԼ벻ûȥҪƵġ
ͣЩС¶϶ˡ
˿˼ֻļȥһ֣Ǿ͵ùԹԵذѶ̧ȥǶ
ĹأҲûϵĳ谮һ߷磬ͷأ⻰û˵
龰ͦġ
Ҳ롣
ԸȱXԼν谮ô£¥ˮ£ָһվɢˡ
ǳŵ㣬ԺˣϵĽҲЩ
ЦЦû˵
֪˼ˣͷźãڹﳤþõػȥ׻˵ùСѲЩƵʱԣ¶һƣҪп˵
һˣòǳģ̸²ܿ֡
صãȥ̸ñѾˣȻҪккȥˮСϲȥӡ
ڻǵһã˿ȻסĵطխЩһãû˹š
ñǴһַסһ䡣
СϲĲߣ裺˶¶Ҳ࣬糣˵ģȻ֣з¡
Ժڿɶ
⻰С
ģԺĹء
ӾôģһգһգҲһա
Ȼոһգ͸
ˡСϲĸкõˮһɫĹðı飬žͽˬ
ֻţ־Ͳˡ
ڱĲӶЦСϲøӣСҪȳˣ
һֱûô˵½ڱЦˣֱ
ƫӸ˵ǲǣܳԵ¡
ǣСһ½ھھʹ˵һЩʻǸ֮ǰȷʵϲ״Ӧһ˰ռŻϡ
ɱһ˵ŤɲǣûЕ״ӦˣʵùԽȥҕ״ӦʱҲûֹ
һĹҲԾϲ״Ӧˡ
ҲãӦڵǾ仰ϲϲϲ˭
ˮŹټϸıһھͽˬú󱳵ĺͣˡ
*
лҪ˵
Ӱˡ


78 
ٹ մӽ»̫ɫһžͷԸߵˣȥ̫ҽԺǸ
ϳɣ̫¶Ҫͨһźá
̫۾ȻͲҫʱã ʲôã ˵Ҫ˰ҫʱŲȥ

ȥҫʱǳ£ժǵͷ
ֲȰˣȥ̫ҽԺǸ ֽȴᷢŶ 忤ӣôˡ

̫عգסڴõӵźԴ£ͻȻߵ죬 飬飬 ĵ㡣
Ťͷӵôˣʲô
˵仰Ĺ ֱߵüΣ ֲõԤУϽȥСϲ
Сȴţ ūϾͻӰһ·ã߳ȥСϲ
տСϲӰ ûüʣ СϲɫѿشܹСأ ˯𣿣
Ӵû صû˯£ ôˣ ʲô¶𣿡
Сϲϸ˵ݲܽ
ŲѾ·ˣߵңߵŵ˭
СϲټصСˣʱߣղ̫ҽԺˣ˵ͻʱߵĲҩĸ˷ָȾʱߣҪͳȥ
˵һ
ʱߣ
ǿҪ˵ģ
дطʱߣŵĳһʱ棬ĸһƬطıԵ֮Ҳ̶ã˵
æԸСϲӣڿʼڵĶҪòųԣ·ȫôٷ̫±ɹ
һԼҪʱ˵
ǣС
̫ҽԺڹﱼ棬ҹĹ͢һӾˮ͹ڴƫԶƧĵضҲԶﴫľ
ֲĵķ򣬻ƺӾ̵¶ûˣַʱߣXǰﳯҪڰæ֮ڳˡ

XѶûѣһʱеؽ
ȻۣǸصӵûУ
Щҹߵʳҩˮһ˵ֵĵط˲̫˵ͷѾסһЩ
ԣôһС
ЩѾߵγԷ䣬һĽŲˡ
ܲšóˮյߣϣٹ̫˰忤عУ뵽忤ȻȾʱߣǶѾвȾˣ
˵⻰ʱڷ
ʱߣǿʱ߰
˵ڻʹߣ˶
˵ﻹлϺ͸ԼǣȾʱߣ춼Ҫˡ
X۾ʱ߶󣬺أ²Ķ
ǰ̫ﻰ˺üΣҪҪ忤ĠdʱԼֵܲ÷ˡ
X֪һĸͬĵܵܣԺУǸû֪صĺӣԾȥû׷֣߸ͥϸŵ㣬ҪĠdʱӡ
أ˵طûȥһϣų͢޽̰ӵӶǮ
һ˵ƺӾ±һ˾ˣʱߴ˹
XѹͣڵĹ˶ȥӷڵϡ
̲סȥٹ̫󣬹ڵϣϢŭȱǧҪԼ尡
Xѵüۺ쳣 ȥٹеʱߵ˶Ѻ͵÷ɽҽ 
ϣ忤̫ﻤţ̫ҽԺȥΣڹ⡣
Ǿ͸ǣߣɱ⡣
ҪٹѪĵɱꡣ
ϵⶶ˶ɬūּ
ٹ̫ƽӹ̫ã˻ôϵλ
ȻʶʮĸãڻúûţŸģҲ忤Ġdʱˡ
ĻҪôѪ͢촦ҪôȦ
Ա֮£̫ﻹʲôء
˵һ仰ĵŴϴҹײ졣
ٹ⣬ϰʵʵȥʥּٹȾʱߵˣһɴ÷ɽͳһҽΣٿš
ûйŮ̫಻ʶġ
ԭͱʱ˵ĹŮ̫һĻɪɪŹŴ
̫ȻҲĻ𺣬ҲţҴٹ
ϵƢ֪֣˵ڵĻ϶ûиĵĵǻǿţǽɡ
ĠdʱѾȾʱߣǸձ̫ͱذѹĠdʱβ
ʱⲡ˷ðԵҩϵʱܺá
ĴȾԼǿԲעͻȾϡ
⼸죬ٹѾܴһЩźĹŮ̫࣬ͽ˽ȫĠdʱ
̫Աߵ˵ȥǣٹʰķӡ𲻴Ӧ
ǣūȥǡ̫ǻϵĸٹˣҶɺ󹬵졣
û˱
վڹİܹܣ̫ҹٹŲ밲ܹ½⡣
İ֣ҡҡͷ
֣һӣеĴޣ͵ײٹţ飡
飡
飡
ʵĹűײѵŹŵ̫໹ûӦ߸ߵĹžͱǿ忪
۾ֳֻĴһ촦
źĹŮ̫û뵽ᷢıʣĴܿ
ܵôոǿĴ죬֫бۣͷ׷룬׵ĵשճѪ
ͻȻıõڵ˴ֲ̫ߵϲ⣺ʲôˣʲô¶
䣬ˢһѪڴֽϣ
ڵŵþС
顪ű忪ǰͷǴ
ŨصѪȷ磬˽ڵ̫嶶˶һ
ɫŭ⹷ūҪʲôҵٹҰĵط𣡡
ôģ˸񣬹ū̫İϿͣٹȾʱߵ˶ҪƵ÷ɽ
̫ʲôūŴȥϡ
ң
̫ϵԭūҪ˵˵ֱͦɫ䵭XмƣڵǾ͸ǣߣɱ⡣ҪٹѪĵɱꡣ
Xһ㶼񣬵˵ڵĻٹ亹һЩ̫๬ŮѾصϡ
Ƿ׷Ľ£ͷڵϣūȥ÷ɽūǲΥϵʥ󹫹ūһ
̫²Ұֽû뵽û뵽ǸӣĻ˴ٹ
֪͸ʱ
*
лҪ˵


79 
̫촽˶ ɫ࣬˵˼֣ϳˣԼˣҲѰĸˣ
Ȼ˵Т Ҳûʲôµģ ˭ʹ˭
ɫ֮ǰ̫ϵĿٺòǣȥ忤 õ÷ɽ
̫һĠdʱҲҪߣ ˲ըëèüëҿ˭Ҵ忤
˭ҪǶҪ˭Ġdʱ̫ӣղ̬ȶǿӲ
Ҳɱˣ ҲˣҲһ㣬 ֱô̫סȥĠdʱúޱ̧
̫ĿѵŰūţ Ҫͷ 塣
𾴲񣺡ӵĻūˣ ūǻϵūţʳ֮» Ҿ֮£ ô˵ ūô
ūͷ̫Ҫ ֻҪϴӦ ̫ﶯ֣ ūԸ˽͵Ĺиŵʡ
ūŸˡ
˵꣬·̫ŭԺѪˮ߳ȥ
ȻܰĠdʱʱߵԴͷϸǰ˰Ġdʱȥ÷ɽ
Ġdʱ˻ǲһģź˺̫ҽҪϸѡ
Ϊģô˵Ҳǻһĸͬ׵ܵܣ˵Ϻ̫֮ǰĸǳʥѲ⣬ָԺᷢʲô¡
£̫ҽҪ·ϴ裬ʰԸȥX
XûκͼӴ׵ƽֱ
԰عϲϷ̫ҽԺ˺ÿѲ飬һֳʱ֢״ߣ˭͵÷ɽ
иٹ¶պŴһϢ
ҲģģһֱôײϴϣСϲ˵ٹ̫๬Ůʮʱͣ
ôˣǿǻĸߵˣ˵ɱɱˣ
СϲͷϢ˵ģ˵ȥİܹ̫ҲţӲѿүȥ÷ɽˡ
Ġdʱ棬˽Ǹʲôˡ
Ҫһ֪ԼȾⲡΣڴҲҹҹĵ
Ҫпүݣƾ¶Ҫ
ȫһ飬ϴ̸ǣȻζţЩڿûס
ͻȻҪ˼Ĵʽϴʱÿε̫ҽԺ չװҩͰ
߹ȥ
̫ҽԺ˸ᱡľִϣһС٣ҲøˣһЩѾ˱ͳȥˡ
Ѿ˱ͳȥˣ̫ҽʲô𣿡
в٣ǹŮ̫࣬ЩūҪ£Ҫ˴򽻼ʣȾϵļʾҪЩ
Ļ̸½ڣˣӴ⹬ںӦ
̸½ڣͷһ£ǰЩڻ½̸˵أ½ھǴ˵ĵ춹ģû뵽̶̼죬ȻȾʱߡ
̫ҽɫ֪Ǳͳ½ʶ˿ͬͰοĴϷأδذȫȥ÷ɽܻҪЩ
רʱߵҽ˵ЩӾȬˡ
⻰̫ҽÿ춼Ҫ˵ϰٱ顣
ʵ̫ҽԺ˶֪ʱߵĿֲһȾϣܴ˰һڹҩҲ̫ˣֻܽλݸߵ״ӦСӦ˵Ͷҩ
ûҩĵֵȾʱߵļʴӡ
ҲԺҲˡ
ȷ˶û쳣̫ҽͰҨõҩˮַź¡
֮ǰһһף˲һװ룬ü̫ҽôҩ
̫ҽȻ˵ҩˣԸλݵ͵С̫๬ŮЩūŵҩ֤λɵĹ
ңѾˣ˼ֻܵһס
̫ҽЦŵǳ⼸Сź˶û⣬ԼһЩҩ
ҩֶԶ˶Ҳ档˵̫꣬ҽʱһŻʣһСҩͰȥ
Ƕվ
̫ҽҡҡͷû쳣Ⱦʱߵļ󡣡
žٲǰͷ
Ϊ˷ֹбʱߵ̫ҽģұҪ£ֱɱЩˡ
ڣҩȵطֵʣһ֣һСϲ
ɫأҩ
ӿûȣչʣСôˣҩζһû䷽ӡ
롭ʱߵҩǲǲˡ
ôأµĺöŹҩﶼϵġòܣ㲻ΪūţҲܶˡ
ɴʱߵԴжϣ˴ʱߵԴͷǻƺӾ̷ĵطֵģھ١
ʱһ֣Ⱦϵ˻ᴫˣһʮʮ١
ҩ˽ҲҪЩ򡣡
һʼЩΪȻرףɣСǲ̫Զ̫ˡ
ִĿ⣺Ը̫Զ̫
һҩͷȥ
ڹʱ֪һЩʱߵķӣÿ춼ӺСϲѵùĶˮС
ǺҩҪȼ̿·ͻȻ
˶ǲǷʲô£һ߹ȥ۾յŷ
ֻʮϻٵĹŮܹͷ
ܿ죬ó׷׷־ܣȥ÷ɽҽʱߣûһͣ
Ȼ䣬ɱţһһ̻ʻĹŮ̫ɱ˸ɾʺѪȾ˹ĵשͺǽ
Ǻɫǽһ˲䲼ѪζͺǺɫԭһѪͿȥġ
ˡһ۾ɵôĹŮͷڴǰŷۿǿͷǷɹһ˫Ŀ۾·ǡ
СӱһԴྵϡ
ԭѾսߵ͵ػͷŴţϬ·𴩹ţǡ
æӺһ
Щֻ׷ɱȷʱߵĹŮ̫࣬վһ±ˡ
ֺݺһ
ӻڱǸŮɵͷŵĿ־Ȼֵ֣С
¡Գū澡
˸Ⱦʱô죬˭ҲȲ˭
ֻƽҪע⣬ҪҩĴ㡣
ЩܲͲܲӴ˾ҪӴˣ̫ҽҲҪţժϲŵĲ
ǻһ˻ҪΣգÿ빬͢˻иȾʱߵûκ֢״ġ
á
绹е׵˻࣬˵ʳ͸˯ȥ
ڴϣû˯š
Ժﲻ̫ͣҽʱ龰ڹɱ˵ӣٵϢʵɱ¾ÿһ̶ڻ˵
*
лҪ˵
ʱȫˡ


80 
ܾã ֲŵֵס룬ǳǳ˯ȥ
Ҳ֪˯˶ãͻȻӵűӴӴֱ ̫ ҲûӣԼӴ߳ȥ
߸̿ȵͷ󺹵Сϲأ ôû
˵С˯ С˯СϲĨ˰ͷϵĺȻȥϴ·ս һýȥ
ţ˸ µĺϣСϲ ǹԵĻʣ٣
ҲǸɣ ʱ߷ǰ죬񸮷ŷӡ
ϵһ£ ŷǱȻҲܸĳʳˣԼȥѷˣ Լ
ֲǴӦλݣ һµٵģ Ȼﻹɹۣ ϶ǲġ
СϲصūŸտ ׺滹ʮģ ΪȣǰЩѾųˣҲûʣ٣๻졣
ԣʱʮ찴ȥǿ϶ҪȥһЩһģ϶ܶ࣬Σա
üʡŵ԰ɣӽ٣һٸɵһϡģܳŶ೤ʱŶ೤ʱ䡣
á
ֹ˼ա
̫ҩԽԽ٣ʱʱشղȾʱߵˣ̫ҽҲڼ١
ҩ̫ҽѾ
죬µСϲǼ˫Ьˢͣ˲һ
ǾƤӷƵļĦе
ֺͻȻ˼ƤСϲӴҪԼյŷ￴׷ʲô¡
۾һȥͿϹ¶۾ֺ׵İȻһˮһߴһۿͷĴɫҴҵشӴұ߹ĵķȥ
ֲ֪һԼʲôȻ˹ţŰȥĶ
˼㱵İһǻϷĕ״Ӧ
ʲô˶ͷûУȻʲôվǰͷ״Ӧūмūȥĵһ˰ɡ
ֲ֪ʲô£Ѿûлͷذõģ밲ȵȣȥصĹ˵һǵż
Ҳ֪Ǿ仰˰ӲصͷǸøһ
æعСܻȥڵԼӺСϲԼҪȥĵЩʱûлȳԷϢҪġ
ȾʱߵԽԽ࣬ӺСϲѾԽԽ£˵Ҫȥ˶ܵǡ
ֱ֤һչ˺ԸǲĿš
ֻϴţߵߣ߰ɡ
ʲô벻ͷ߰ɡ
ĵԽԽΧĴԽԽ࣬Ѿһ㡣
ִĸǰŮź򣬵ȻտյӴ߽ȥ˶Լ䡣
һȥ־ŵһɲŵζŨصҩζŻйζ֯һŻ
һݵģȫʵʵֻ۾¶ĹŮһװƵŻ΢΢ͷȥˡ
ֲţ龹Ȼᷢ
һ֮XȾʱߣ
ôȾϵģȾ˶ãôˣ
һʴּըԴðȫҲ𰸡
ڸǵʵʵǰȾϵʱߣ̫ҽȷϺ̷ϢҰܽӴȫŲһ顣
ܹŲ
ǻȾʱߵĵ죬Ѿߵ˶룬ֻиղǸŮūź򡣡
Ŵźʵʵ̫ҽô˵
̫ҽ˵ǰЩӻƺӾ̵壬ȾʱߺգѾ˼ҩЧ΢
СūҲ֪ΪʲôҪԼСھͿˡ˵ȷʵ֪ԼʱΪʲôÕ״ӦԼ
ǻôعصһõ¡
ǻڰҹȥӵ»ع
ǻŷ˕״Ӧӡ
սʱ߰꣬ͱܲʻ̫ȥչ˱ԼСĻXһȥ߹أһδγù²˱ʮֱڶԽ׳һ
صǣϵλ
ʱһ治˼XžţҲôһصĵطԼټĹΨһѣˡ
˼ҪǱ֪ضҪ˵治
ǣôġ
ֻͷ˿ֿ˿սߵ֣һ߹ȥ
һᣬԼ
ȻߵǰŷƵĴʣֻһۣ̲סɴ۾
ֻһջĵXҲߴģذȥۿݣ·һƤãЩֲ
µҲһƬ˻ɹͷϵû⡣
ƺǸӦʱ̿ǽɫֻ׵Ƥ΢΢Ȼǣһ˿۾
ڸֶ˶㡭ʲô
֡
ǳܹܣðܹܴġ
ϣô벻£ѲܡֲȺ飬֪ʱߵ֢״
һŻ£ӣǷη
ߴӷ֢״߰գİ¡
XѾǵˡ
Xƺ˵ֻһ۾Ҳ˵
ҲЩִӱȥܿ촥ݹ᾵ǼȻܴ壬ڿµĵطȻһƬʪ
򡭡֡X彩Ӳȥ
һαеԼ֣㶣İͷȥˮٰѻϸɾöһЩ
û뵽־ȻĽX
Ҫ֪⼸Ͻź˽ӵŻòˡ
һԸôñ˿ԼǱӣû˸ȥĻ
ܳȥ׼ˣֻعͷXϱˣû۵òӵģɫ糣ٰƵһߣȻ´̡
Ȱˮšһϴõκʹȡ
һ߲һ߶԰˵ǰҿ飬˵ɱʱߵĹЧԺϽӴĶҪôУٷŵ±ɹ
УûзŹˮʯҲкܴãȾʱ߶ȥʬԼŻйﶼҪϺܶʯңĻɱ
µ˽XѾŤһĲӣ˵ġǡġ
Ҳ״Ӧ˵ķ𣿡
û뵽ǾȻ֪ӣͷã檹һֱӣ檺˶úõģûҩҲûȾʱߵļ󡣡
X̧֣һ䣬԰ա˵ȥ
ǣūһ°ף
*
лҪ˵
Ҳ֪ʲôֵģǰˋ֋֣ССĽָϣŶ


81 
ϣ ˸ɾĴ̺£ְѾXƻԭλãʼղŮӣ ŮӴ˺ܶ࣬ Ȼ϶Ū
󺹣Ҳû·ˡ
ȥʱúѾԸ飬ջĵİײš
ʣأôˣ
ֻѾɾˣǹһ϶û ˰ ιһɡ
죬˵⼸ÿٶٵسȥXûá
֣˵ιĻ ܳһЩͷ˵Լ֪ˡ
ͻȻ ֵСǰǲر»ϡ
û뵽˵ֲ֪˵ʲô һʱҲ˵ǡ
ƺҲںزش ŷʵϳӰԵЩһܺúܺõĻϡ
̫ҽ˵ ҪΪǰЩӻƺӾ̵Ĳͣһǿ ô׾͸Ⱦʱߡ
ūҹҹźţ ܶ飬 ԴӻƺӾ̣ ǻ˯Ⱦ ϵŨӾûϹ ʱūűֱ۴˸ʱϻūȥǸƣüëŵӶһ
㣬ִܲš
Ͼĵȥü٣ңƽXͺ
ŵһɷһ㣬ǽϣò׻ƺӾ̵ںͻַʱߡ
տʼ̬ԿƣȾʱߵһ֣͵÷ɽ
ģȾʱߵԽԽ࣬ĵǰźʮ
ԣϸ˿ͣȾʱߵ˲ȥ÷ɽ͵ԭ߿ΣΥն⡣
죬ϸոնū˵ʹ𣬲ҲֻʱڹҲڹڽʢʮܲһ˾Ͳһˡ
ĻһĿⲻԾƵԼ䡣
ѾðᣬҲãⲻһ֮˵Ļǣ£˭ùȥء
ȾʱߣҲᣬֻݺӣСûڱ߹صĻϣĹǿϲˣƨɺͷ׷̫̫Ҫҫۡ
ܹæúܣôһͱ˽гȥˡ
վһ߽Լ䡣
ϵXüмǰûеӡӣ۾ӣؿ΢š
ְӣһȥһ۾
ֵ檽檸ϴһ£ѡ
ղѾг̬Xû˵ַֻʱû׹øݵĲٽ׳ץŴӣֲô
ֶߺ񻹻Űղ˵Ļ
ȻӰԵЩһܺúܺõĻϡ
ǵģXӰԵЩһְĺܺõĻϡ
ֶԼ
£ϡ
ʲô£неĴӺĶӣӶ߰꣬ĸλߡ
һЩӵĠdʱʵܵλ
һ뵽Ġdʱļ¶־ԼǺúչX󲻳ɣԼҲԵԼġ

šһ£ĴȺ£껻ϸɾ㣬˹İ͵ࡣ
Ϊ˼ɵʣֻһճͺһõס
ҨǳǳףݵߣԵɣԵȥӻܲסġ
һʳûеXѹڴϵӣֱͶˣŰſһ졣
һȥԵ³ʵﲻʶȥӣǰǱźȻˣָXһĺӡӣһͻѪˡ
æ򵽵ϣˡ檲ǹġ
Xû˵ֻһſ
£ϽӰɾҨ˰ͣ£ιߡ
һͣյ衣
Ѿסĵ̫ҽǸ߽֣е㾪ȡ
ɾĻϺտյ룬ǲϲ£졣
XϣϸϸǺǰһա  
ǸţȵҩдõķһXٰѷӽ֣Сҩǳù󿪵ģмζҩҩԺ΢ȻӻϵĲ飬Ҳһаٷְٵİգԡ
˼ײӿˣΪĻϣ˭Ҳұ֤ȥʲôӦ
˵ӻǸָöϢػõУڴٽϢͬʱҲֳһЩ֢״
Ѱ˳ԣڱף
*
лҪ˵


82 
ŷӣ ȻҲҸX⣬֮ǰźĹŮȥҰ
Ǹ˵ǣ Ҳһ
Ȼ ڼ˹˼صʱ򣬴ʱᳶ
߹ȥʣǶX촽䶯ȴû յߡ
ֻáҩ
 ˰üϣ̫ҽķȻʱߵЧǻһķЧ аôҩܻΣա
ҩXظŸղŵĻ
̫ҽβ 󲡲ҩҩ⣬ ԼСϣ һֻЩƽ͵ķӣ˵һ ܺøãܺҲֲǡ
XԼһĵ
۾ ֵͷ ã 檽ϵĻתǸ̫ҽͰܹܡ
ֱ Ѵʷ£ ߵǸͰǰ˵ôҩ
Ƥ˶ ץסǸ֣ۼ͸ףжٰգ
Ǹջڵ״ɡ
ɣʲôҲͱһһһ㡣
׺ݵضķҲóãҪǳʲô£˭סղҲ侲ģһҪҩհǰ˺
ǸҪãҲҪЩһҩ
ǸҲǺܺˣЩҲˣεʱߺĲ̫һ죬ҲߣջĿǰ״ҪǲʱҩһճְҲûˣʵڵȲԡ
֪Ǹģ˶ǹ̫ҽҽڹƵڶû˸ҳƵһ
ֶøˣûǸˡ
Ȩ຦ȡᣬ
̫ҽҩɣۼҽ˱ţһʲôҪҲô֡
ģһᾡĽXأǸ˰շץҩĵ塣
ú˸֡
Ѿ֮ǰǸŮ˽ǰźΨһˣӹɢҩǰĵϣһ͵XĴߣϣǸ̫ҽ˵ҩºһЩ֢״ʲôҪ˵Ǹ̫ҽʱҩ
ȫʵʵģӵҲ㲼ֻ¶һ˫۾
ǶҲóǸˡ
۾΢΢ЩҴβ΢΢´̧ۿ˵ʱɣۿ˵ʱЩ⡣
XŞM졣
ְҩιȥΪ̫ҩʱ˳òһ߸һι
ǸԱߵŰʱҩЧͻӷΪҩû˷ùԳ̫ҽһŻϡ
״ӦҲԱŰɣϰź򣬻˲һɡ
á
ιҩ־ԼǰԱߵϣ͵͵չֽš
ѾҪģԽԽȣXȾʱߣԼŴûζʵ㲻Ϻš
Ҳ֪ʱʲôʱܽ
æ˴죬һԼƽ˯ʱ䣬Щء
գգ۾ɢһЩ
ȻĴЩԺʱ򣬶Լ̫ҽͻȻŻϡ
͵ؾѣ̫ҽܵǰ棬ֻXɫ࣬ͷŤһߣŽϸոιȥԼںҩ
æϣƫͷŻµƣͷͼ羱̧Լϣһš
һX֮꣬ﲻŪ˴̣ҲִȴѺ°ͣǺŵŪòܿ
Ǹɫֵ࣬СЩϵĶˣȾʱ֮˵Żй涼ŲһСľͻС
֪ͷȰX°ͲɾǸŮĴµģĽ̫ҽˡ
ȻߵΧǶʱҲûźԼ˵ˮȫˮϴһ飬ϴٳһ飬Ŵ·ò֡
ȥʱǸڸXԱ漱ɫ˺üô
ûߵԱߡ
ǸִX£˿۾ͣҩЧʼˣ϶ͷϵԽˡ
ʱԵŻºй֢״ڻûõԵķʱٿ
˵⼸һֱӸ߲µķȾȻ˽ͣοòֹסɻûüϲþͱ۶ϡ
ϵX۾Ҳ֪˯˯ţûЩ
ǸСոսӴ˻µĶҪע⣬һԼзθӵļһҪ֪
ڻСźšûˣҪһʱܹźϣҲ¶˵Ĳס
ϾǺһ趼ϵڻϡ
ǳ⣬ЩõɻɼڹԼӵ빬ͣԼһ
λûõɣõ³ǿػ꣬귢ңΪ
ȻûʲôӦģܹȥֱǰĽϷһӣһСӷǶ
ιһҩ·̣ҹֳ궫ϥ̤ϡ
ԼͨҪﲻŵζʹϵX֮ǰļһ
Ȼ°Ϳϥϣﴫ֡
ΪҪϴϻ̣վ̿ʡ
ȥXϿϲûСá
ǻϽгʲô¶ҪԸ𣿡
㲻¡
ΪҪ˵ʲô˽̤ϣ¶ͷ檵ȻҪȻҲÿԼʵʵģ޲ʱԽԶԽá
Xţּǣǻϡ
檿ߣҲҵܶԸźˣڳվҪԼ¡
ϣʱ߽Ҫû£ܸܲ檻طססҲȥסҸĵط檺ūסС
Ȼ徻Ͼܲʻ̫סĵطﶯҲãҳǻһֻ̥Щġ
Լտյģڵڻ졣
ʱ߽
⼸XԺص
ɱмǧΣȴûκһһ㣬ô
˵Ѿ˵ˣ˵ǳ檲Ⱦʱȥˣͷϸūһͣǳȥɡ
ֱһͥģǺڹܾ˴ĥζŻصϺͳʵߣֻҪϳҹĹûһȥ
ҲҪĸ꣬ǻϵˣǻϵĹź
ߣ߲¶ͷָϥǵƣXƫͷҲֻܿһ㷢ٺͺס
ǵ㷢ٺͺףû˵
ⲻһηֵӴ󣬺͹һСһĴ⡣
ǰ˳̫ˣX롣
*
лҪ˵


83 
Ǳѵģ ۾ؿ˿ܣXִڴ棬ʶġ
͵طʪģ ̵ˡ
ְã ƿһֻX˫ۣϷŸȵĳ죬һƤ
ԼԼѹ ܵμǸͰϲã ǿ
Ǹһ̫ҽаվߣһϵX֢״ЩĻš
ǸæX۾ 󣬡ҩЧʼȫӳˣ ǻ϶ҩĶԱȳԤϵĻҪܲסЩա
С 㵽ȥŻϵͷ ʩһ롣
ۿX΢΢ķЬѣ ˴Xͷ̧Լϣűһ£ Ⱦͱͷϵĸٵ̵ġ
Ȼ³ ¶ȣ κʱߣ ͷᱻջ
֪ǲǱX֢״ŵ ִ˸
ʩǸ˺ һ٣û˵ר־ظXʩ룬ԸЩҾմʪӸͷϡ
Xʩ룬ֵСѸɡ
һ٣쵽ǰ
ǸָȥƬ֮Сʲôʱġ
ֻصԼĪҹʱһ̣쳣ʱ򣬾Щ䡣
ûʲôо
е㷺ࡣ
Ǹջ֡
˴ιﱬʱߣԵȾϵ֢״䣬򺮲ûζࡣ
⼸ȫˡ
ӦָXŻʱȾϵģϹŲʱ޿ײ룬С
Ѿɫ֪Լ˼̫ҽڸոȾʱߣ㿪Ǹ𣿡
ǸͷãСϷҩ֢״ҲˣҩĶԺܴһ񣬳Ҳûкܺõİ취
û£أҲûʱͻȻЩXΪʲô֪ǸķҲҪˡ
ҩҩмֻĻᣬԣҲ˸Xһѡ
Ǹͷѕ״ӦĶǳ˻һҪӵˣ뿴״ӦҩķӦΡ
ȾʱߵˣҪôڼķԸȥ߿⼯ҽΣҪô͵ظɱ
Ǹ̫ҽȥ߿⣬ǶѾΪ˼ûôҩȥҽκչǣÿʱÿ̶Ȼʬ屻ѾȾʱߵȥա
״ӦҪȥ߿⡭
Ǿȥ޻ˡ
룬ǰ쾡ĽչX֣Ƭ̺ǾͰ̫ҽ˵ģʱȰѕСڡ
Ķѡ
ĵ壬Уסʡ
ǸԱ˵˾䣬ҕ״Ӧͻһ֢״ͻڶԼ䣬ҲüʱԱȕ״ӦͻϵҩЧ
š
¶ôˣֲðȥطסڶԼĿϣǰ˯ġ
֮ǰźĹŮְµıӴ죬ٸһŻӡ
һʼ־Լľ㲻߶ŸոɫͿʼҰףſڿͣ˵Ż¡
տʼµǳȥĶµֻжˮŻͷۻʹ
źXЩӣ֪ʱԽԽصףǸѾѽXҩͽֵСҩҪһЩȥܻ֮ͻһһʱ䣬Ȼ֮ǰأŸȵأŻµ֢״úܶࡣ
ؿͷϣźޱǾ䡣
ͷӹԼͷͺˣлл̫ҽ
ͼλ̫ҽԺ˶òˣҿŻϰɣڻܶһ۾
ôУǲˡ
Ǿû˺أȥɡٹ˶ΰӣÿڴС£ǸСϲϢǸЩһʱ߾ûûҹŵĺ̫ࡣ
Ǹ״ȷʵ̫أ˸Ҿǳʹ̫ҽԺͬллС
ûʲôĻٺһҩ
ţáָԶͷǸ뿪ıӰȥǶ˿ǺǰһΪҩĶԸ˵XŴ޿κεصڳҲͻһˡ
ϥ̤ϣһ㱻ߣֽóء
ֵĶ·ǧصĶѹ档

ྡ磬Ǹ˽Ϳڽ̤ϣͷ˯ȥ֡
ȾϱˣԼܲ͸磬¶۾϶һϸܵĺ顣
ǸСС
Ժ۾˿̫յλε̫ҽҩʱ𣿡
ǣСҩǸ˿ϺҩСô
ĴãŻȷʵ˵˴룬ϵĸҲȥ٣ż䡣
ǸһС˵ģ
ǣֲ֪ôô
̫ˣǸһȦϳϲɫֻģ͵СҩЩ֢״ǹһЩȾʱߺõ˵֢״
ֹסŻºͻ[]ȥȻ򺮲ʱԽԽ٣ȬǸԼҩֻɵİգ˵˼䣬˲ٵߵǰ鿴XĲ顣
ȻҩõģXоˡ
˿X类һͰˮͷţͷϻش˼¡
ϣϣֱ˿ͷƺѾXŵͷıӾﴵ
ǸҲ˲Լ᲻ᱻȾʱߣƿֱסXĽţ롣
ߺŵ̫ҽͰһΣܹȥİһء
Ҳ֪ȥãˮֽë䵽Xϡ
ڣXؿڿʼ
һϣֻ
ֱӹ˵ϣؿޡ
ͻȻվϵسڶԼڼĳǸϣʵۼңҩûã
һ˿XһձһصĲڱĥ˫ͨ죬ﺬŷɱ⡣
ڵϵ̫ҽǸֶĻɱˡ
ǻǰˣ붯֣ûס
æǸ̫ҽķãȾʱ֪ģϺһǸ̫ҽǸӵҩѾһЩ̫ҽ
Žİסһ˿֣ģСûƭūţĳҩˣ
ǣҲôŻºͻҲȥ٣ٳյҩͻˡһһʮظ
ĽڵϣץǸȻϣںܲãۼҸͷˡ
˵ţڵͷ˵ߵ죬û£Ѫ
*
лҪ˵


84 
ǸæѰ㹫˵ Ҳᾡȫλϡ
ֻǳм±ҪŪΪʲôͬҩԕ״Ӧã ԻȴáǸͰһ֣ Ǹ֣Сںҩ֮ǰԹʲô
֪ҩЧᱻһЩ۵Сı䣬룬 ҡͷĵ ҳԵĶǹģǶһ
Сϸ룬ûа㲻ͬ𣿡켱ˡ
ֻҡͷûУ¹ػϣ Ҳ©
ۿܹҽXİ취ǰҲͻƿڵǸã ֵСٸź ֮ǰĶ
Ȼ飬 ȥ
Ǹϸغ֮ǰֿ ֪֮Ҳ֪Сҩ ܵ
ͻȻ Ǹ۾̧ͷ е֣ССԵĵӵķĸҽģǵ÷ﶼʲôҩ ʲô𣿡
ԵĶһпķӣ λеķʱڱ䣬 סζҩҲá
Ǹһ˵λӵоҩ֪Ǹܹղ˵ϸ΢仯УܹģĪǴҡ
æ֣Ǹпʢ
ϴָƣҪصʱѰһζѵõҩȥˣͷ˵ɥѾֶ꣬ԾĻڣضҪִߡ
ֳףҪǾסĲֵӣŴСմʰҵŸ˹
ֵͷڵģλҽʢһҩ̣Ϊռҩ̣סͬ
ϴ򾭳ȥҩҩҩＸĶСմ˼ƢŹ֣ҪǲԸֵܲϣҲԸ⡣
ո߳ЩƢֶǸͰǸˣҴϳȥϴ򡣡
СūŵĺϢ˵ţҪȥ
ûȥ־סˣЩˣȥزǡ
ǣȥȥأۼмСһƽƽȥƽƽĻ
˵ȥܵԼſڣ¶Ͻס˺һҪôģʱ߱ϿڹУǱһ˴ȥǰˡ
ãūһţгһӡ
XۿžҪܲסǸҩĶ֪¶ж༱Ǹһ̫ҽȥִXĳһûƵģ֡
֮ǰΪ˷ֹʱ߸ȾԼ±˱ԼȾϡ
ʰãͷһϵX׼
û뵽ղűǸŹXȻˣ۾
ֻ·߹ȥմȾʱִˣֻ岽ľϣ檺ܿͻ檸ˡ
ǰƽ̹ƽﴩŮӵ·Ҳֻ˾ƽ˵㣬Ͽ
Դӵ·Ҳ֣üӢԣǳ
X˵ָֻ˺תȥϸıӰŷ磬ת˲ʧڶԼ䡣
ֲֻĸżУĽǹһȣݣ
ǧѡͽӣɭϵĹŴҵļʢǡ
е÷ɿ죬ֱץסŲᱻײϡ
ӱ죬·ɣ¶深Ľֵ
磬˻леţߵľ¥ݣС̯СֵĽּۻ۵֯һżҪǣԼҴˡѵ
һǽ֮ȫ䡣
ֺ˵ģXµǵͣŲҲʱǶҲǶֹʢʮܲһͲһ
롣
ˡ
ɳ۵е˻ţʢשҵһ׹󳼼˵ĵضһϵӡǺĸϽ˵ߡ
һιȥСѾ߻ŵĸλүСǲߵϡ
һƽ˵С˰ŸԼүۣǹάĵصò۵ײү
һؿڣûģһǲأ㵹ίˡ
ûСؿڴյűߣӸЬС׾治֪Ǽʲôһ
٣ô˵һָӹǰŵģүһóǲ֪λˡ
ЩӿûϢһҪҾǺõġ
ֲ֪ǣָʾŸ̫еͬָһҲŵǶϴҡ
СūŸȥɡ
ţע⣬һҪˡ
ūá
ִ̫ûߵţֱߺմڼ𣿡
еᣬմҵźܿ򿪣һԽѵСͯţүү棿
ȻСֺ̫ͯ඼ʵʵģֻ¶һ˫۾ССű˶㡣
ֵ棬ڼ𣿡
Ȼͬ¶һ˫۾Сͯȴô֣ͷڵģղҩ
ãҽòã˵á
ţǸȵŶ˵꣬Сͯյܽȥ
иһ˲ȻСͯүүСͬء
Сͯܽȹؾصظɹҩݵϴȭص棬иҸ˵á
ϴҩĵ͵ضס
ֿ֣Գ˵Ŀɲࡣ
ԭɹһҩݣĶҲȥϴ֣֣ߣȥ˭
ǸƯƯĸ磡Сͯص
ϴЦ㻹֪Ưأ񵽵ֻСƹҲ˵Ư
Сͯе㲻ϴ˵Ļգ۾ر˵ƯƯ
ӺԺǰԺ벻ϴܿ쵽Ƕֺ̫ϰʵʵģüͷ
ֶ񣺡壬ң֡
ϴһ𣬵ɴ۾֋֣㲻ǡ
˵֪Լ˵Ѿһȥˣϸ˵ˡ
ϴṇ̀ߵǰ
壬򲻵ѣҲãҲܰ档
ϴʱϴʶ㣬һЩһϵǵĴţ﷢߲
û뵽ܲµ﷢£һڼ˷ܵÿˡ
ֵͷ˵ˣ﷢ʱߣϲΣһ̣ӡ
ϴţϥ¾СһӣҺСϢķᣬŮһӺͺ
ֶȻһҳʲô⣬ʱ룬ϴ򿪸ҩͳɣȥǸΣ֮ء
*
лҪ˵


85 
ֵĻһ˵ڣ ̫ˣû뵽ֲ˻عֻÿӣ Ҫ˵
û˵ڣ ϴѾڰ֣䲡֢ǧ򻯣Կһһﲡ˵ҩҲչ鲻
Ҹȥһ˰ɡ
塭ͷ ֱɬ ԼҲͻҪΣյĵطȥ
ϴСͯȥԼҩֵô꣬ ϵرߵĶˣûȥأ ˵ãββ κ˿ɵ÷빬
űЦ ãһ˵ 
ţϷܷſɲϴԼ Ĵʱ һҽ뻯 µˡ
ҪǿһЩ ָĸٶ£ һֻ˿ء
Сͯܿҩ ϴûһͷֻүү͸˵ȥȥˣЩӾͻЩӿҩҵϣһҪ
ãҪŶСཱུͯΪ˵ȥɰĶˡ
̲סСͯкʱһ԰ͻģòѽ
áСͯգգۣССȭͷǡ
ϴһֻ¶۾֣磿
үү֪࣬ߣ
һ죬ŵŵ壬⻰߯
߯ʲôϴӿ̫Լ֣ԼԯһԾϣɡ
֪һܰ˵ɻģ˵ģҪˣƤӣ±Ӷɡ
ץδ
ӵ˵̫ʱһٽ˹
һ·ɳۣ֮һֱӵĵ⣬ϴڳѾԼ˼׵֣֣һƤףϾ¶
űΧͰһĵϵɫֵֻʱһ
ʱʱڶԼĵſܵİÿXֺǰ۾ˢ뷢԰ף˫磬ӵϴϡ
ܹС˵ϴ𣿡
ڳֻüXĲԼùǸҩ£ûüϴ˵Լ˺һ˲ȻԿԼϴ壬¶Ժ˵ȥϰɣأ̫ҽĹ㣬ǲܳȥҩĶԣֻϸˡ
ϴջĿ⣬ۣŲæض԰ϴ򡣡
߰ɣҿϵĲ顣
ȫϴ򵱳һݣﻹܵԼǰңҪǿϴ彡˶·ҪϴԼܡ
һ˿첽߽ĵãȵμ䡣
ڶμ̫ҽǿҩ֣֪λǳҽ
Ƕǹ͢ҽȻƲҰҽҪڻϲãǲҳеôѾ˵Ļˡ
ϴŲЩƣһˣʣ˭ĸϷõķӣ
Ǹ߳һҲû̫ҽԺһֵĽϴ˸Ҿϴҿġ
ŶϴͷŽɣ˱¶
ǡǸԼҩں棬߽Լ䡣
ԼֻǸֵһʱչXĹŮôˣˮ˵һߡ
ϴüʵʵĹ˵ͺΧĻһͨʹʹʹԭͻʱߣǻʵʵģһȺצĲͷһתҲҪ˵Щͨͨɡ
ӽϴϾûй˶еĳ࣬е˲ɵŷĻ
̽ϹŮѶԼܴ򿪵Ŵȫˡ
˲䣬ȺӴͶ紩ö
ϴͷŶѴ̿ҿϡ
űƤףǰĵϣʱȿ˿XɫͿؿڣȻ
˫Ƥףϴ۾ϸӦֵµ
˳ԺظѪֱۣǻԼ֫
Ȼϸÿ硣
֮ϴ֣ûǿҲСٴʮʮ꣬˶Ȳ
Ȼ󻹲Ա߼ΪĻˣȶŰźģԺŵ㣬ûûҹİ
˵򣬷ԽϨԽ죬켰ʱҲҪжȡ
ȻǸС뷨һҩ沢ķӣԷĶԣȥʱߵĲ֢ȴʱ߷һʱߣԸǿļʸ󣬷չѸ͡
ѰʱߣķӼȥЩҩǿһáʱߺˣҲһ֢
Ǹû뵽ԼץԴķӾȻôĲأæʣʲô֢
ҲʲôëϴΪȻػӻٰ֣ˡ

һ˵ĿⶼϵXϡ
ǸǸҩѾ죬ҩѾڴˡ
Ǹɫˢذˡ
¶ҪǱ֪ԴҪˡ
ĸоXȻпܲˣ
ǡ
ţϽ˦˦ͷһЩ˦Ժ
ϴһ˵Ŀ⣬ߵˢˢдһӣݸŷӣץҩˮÿμһ룬ҩֻʣһ룬ʢɡ
þͶιι¿ҩ
ǣۼϾȥ졣һϴʵʵ˵أͻȻҩȥİתͷϱЩ򣬻ϵǶо𣿡
ϴܺãҲҪá
ѾǺ֣Щ
ؿڣϽŷӳȥץҩûá
ڣǸ˼㱵Ÿղһ㶼û˵ϴ򿪵ķӣ˵֡
ݵϳϲߵϴǰ˺ü⣬磬ΪʲôҪζҩΪʲôõġ
ϴһֲͽܣҸҪ㣬ȥȥ㣬ЩηָѾ˲Ϸϸ첲ȵģڡ
뵽Ǹðž⣬žعڵϣؽһʦϣͽһݣ
룡
ϴ
ԱߵֲɵǸ˸Ĵָʦǽеһ㶼ɬ
ϴһߣ㿪ǸĹݣȥȥȥһ߶ȥϷϵĵӡӶĳˣ뵱ͽܣ
ǸѾһҩ۷÷ӵִŵʦҲ߶ֻǵпˣָָ㿪ķӡ
ٺ٣ϴһۣõ
ֶ˴򷢳ȥ
*
лҪ˵
ĸɣ


86 
ϴǹϡ֮꣬ ǸС࣬ԶǸǽһüëӶ˴ǶƵ׷
ûһ ҩ һЦݸϴƨɺͷǸͷˮ֣СǸڸʲôأ
ϴΪʦϴ鷳
඼͵˻ʦ ǰ̭Ǹ һϴȫĸĸСϴȻ뷢԰ףջ ǿ·硣
Ǹ ݵøͶһΪʱ鰾ɫƤ ˵ϴš
Ѱõҩݸ֣С ҩˡ
Ǵ£ֵͷ ӹҩ룬ߵ߰Ѿû ʱ̶ڻԵX뱧Լ СС׵ذҩιȥ
һҩȫԺ ʲܲ׷ ѾյһϴǸ壬 ʲôʱŻѣ
ϴ̧ͷԼĪϰɣ ׼׿˻ĳʳҪǳԵ¶ʹԷڶҩˡ
űֱŵXƲƲ졣
ǸĳԾλôòҲͱȋ֋ֲôһ㣬㹻󣬻ϋ֋ֵġ
ûϴϲԾ
ԾˣвŸɣխǱࡣ
ǵƻãһΪԼʲôҲʲô
ϴԺыֶ޸ʮֲ⣬κľѳֻۣܸŵʢӡ
һ뵽¸֮ǰְɥ£ϴüͷ
ڲʱִǸֵµˣʼɻˣ¶Ϸûȥ
ǡ

ϴһǹŨصƺɢЩ
ֻȾʱߣͺ֮ǰһסĵԼ䣬һչXһβ
֢״Xˣϴ򿪵ҩŵӵǰŰϴ˼ᱡɴX
XѹʱԾĳ֣ؿʼҧϣһָӵűҪ
ֲŸնָ˵ͷXͷȥֻϰſϣֻֽ£ͷߡ
Ǽֱ۵ðϸϸĺżӴⴵһ磬Żǣ߳
X֪֮ʢһʱҲ˵
ǣûп˯֣˼涼Ǵæqyģºо·˰š
Ȼһνʱ𣬸@@زֵ
Ժ۾ʶȥץƵɴĿⲻڶغӵűӿڴͷXϡ
æʲôʱѵģôûѳ檡
XɫӦжʱˣѵôԼ
ò׼λʲôǣãûʲôֵֹĶҪУǿɳˡ
Ư˿
XҪҪõ㶫ոģõࡣ
šѾûԹŻֻXһԵģɢźš
ѷϵù
˵ǰʱֶ˶٣̽ʣϣι
Xͷš
ֲڴأҨι
Ǻöȴϴ⽻ֻһ㵭ε͵İ࣬ాŴζʮ㡣
һιһԣմİгһĻԼհѕ״ӦĵǶԼˡ
˫ۺᣬʣڵϸX񣺡ūŸ밲򸣡

лϡϥͣӡ
µǹˣҵүӣûˡ
޿ֲᣬֻǶӵӣXû˵ֻʣ﹬ô
˿֡
Xûл£ñܻ䡣
ڶֵĹ۸пɺˣһô˵ԴʱڹɢūķԸֵµڼǰÿղ鿴ΣȾʱߵ˶͵÷ɽ
ȾʱߺūֽĿͣ£ǰĵȾʱߵҲ͵߿⣬ΪֹȾʱߵѾռɡ
ٹءXһ͵ߵ࣬ʵ
صūŴ˰ѿүȥ÷ɽ̫һֱҪūŵ˻ȥ
̫ԿүĠdʱ۰˶Ǿļбļбǿȥ÷ɽ̫ڶ԰ĺж
֪ĳһջʵ۴У̫ڣԼ³жôҡ
ܲʻ̫͸գǻϵūˡ
ΪϻΪ
ߣΪڸĴ󳼶ټУȻԹв²⣬ûд춯Ͼϲŵǻû꣬Ѫе¶ȣû˸ԼĲĵ첻졣
ʱ£һɨǰӣӵ˻ɳʲôǿǵҩ
XȴЩŵù޸ǰźϢա
۾󣺡ϣūû£ū念أ
XݵۿѪ˿ܲ۾ԼȻЩҰ׵üëȥϢٻ
˵֪X˼ص˵ūл¡
XҲѹڣ鶼ܶɱΡ
ŲӴӶԼĵ
ǰܹȻûƷС̫һһ˼һԴXᵽĵס
Ȼһū˵ҫˡ
ЩӸ߰µС»ӿæܵߡ
Ͻ֣ۼһ㡣
ɵúţҸ㻻ҩС»֪ڲţȴһûô̵ˮɾӵݸ
С»Ь˲䣬һֻѪģĹӵĽŴЬﻬѪζ֯źζʵš
С»Ӷɵŵ㡣
ˣСôô£ɡ˵ţѸɾҧ
С»һӴõƤ˺
ЩӣĽǶûһЪͣʱҪǿһţ͵ˡ

ĵXȻǼδʳθҲԲ̫࣬˰ҡͷҪˡ
ӻûһ;ήңͷϻ˯
ָհŻϣһת㷢XѾ˯ˡ
ðһɫ°ѹڽϣüۼ仹һ㲡ɫ׻ᣬŶʮ꣬ôһŷһҩͻôࡣ
ַᶯ˳Լ䡣
涫μ̫ҽǿ׷ǲضʣǸ̫ҽϴأ
µļ̫ҽǸ̫ҽȥ鿴ûȾʱߵģ˵ȥ߿⣬Ĳһ
û˵ϴȻϴҽߣ˵ֱˣ
*
лҪ˵


87 
֪ϴģ ֻ˵Ǹû˵ϴһҲ⡣
ȷԼʵʵģñȾʱߵļʽͣ ִشÿһӺСϲ ߰ûҲ֪ôˡ
ָڰתתȥС̫˵һŵϣϴٰһ µҩӡ
С̫౻ ֺǹū֪ˣһС˵ȥ졣
СҪҪūҸ˸¶
ã ȥȥͻءȻѾˣϾȾʱߣ ҪǺ뿴ӺСϲҲȥ
С̫࣬ ߳ĵ ȥ
ϻ¶ĹŮ̫࣬ Ȼ˵£Щ
 ϾȻѾЩҶ һЩש͹ǽϵѪûü
ֿ첽صã ߵߵţˡˡ
ƵڿտĹԷ ֻͣפëɣ ųطˡ
ߵĹһ㷴ӦҲûУ ˶ˡ
ͷһ£ŵĶƹţʵֻǲһĹѿһ졣
ƿţ߽ãֻԺһƬǽ壬˫ɹµЬӵõǣϻĴƬ
ͷǹɲõԤг棬ֳû˺ֳ˵֣ûһ˻Ӧ
ǻȥĶ
ȥĶ
ǿԼ侲СϲӶǹˣչȾʱߵĽ׶Σһȥ
滹ʣһЩûҪȥȡʱ
ַţͻȻ뵽ʲôܻĵطŶμſ̫ҽ⼸Ⱦʱߵ˶еǼڲ𣿣
С²鳼ȸ̫ҽԺ⼸̫ҽģвӣҲǱߡ
µ̫ҽںδֲ֪ӺСϲʲôʱӴóȥģҲ֪Ρ
ǡ
ǰǰƣǡ
ְЩһͷεذסԼ롣
̫ҽеɫСȥɣµĽ̫ҽǸЩͬ۵Ҳڹиʱ߲ⱣóȻȥǰ첻¶
еǹˣЩСС̫ҽܹģ˵ǹˡ
Բ鿴ʱ״Ļ䵽ԺĽ̫ҽϣֻµˡ
û·̫ҽô˵мȲشߴ̫ҽԼȥ̫ҽԺ
ʱһ̫ҽԺͳæĳȥڼٷ̫ҽ
Щ˶ЩʱûϢˣ·Ͱͣɫ㲡
һһ֣һ̫ҽͽסǺˣ
иʱ߲Ᵽ˶ҪڹУ뾡ȥðûˣῴعصˡ
̫ҽá
һ̫ҽһ׷̫ҽ̫ҽЩڻźĕ״Ӧֻʣ⼸ձѺȥ߿Ⱦʱߵûˡ
̫ҽԺ̫ҽ˵⼸춼ڵǮ̫ҽǮ̫ҽҽٽҲߡ
̫ҽϵĲͷԭǮ̫ҽ
⼸ʱ߸߷Ľ׶ΣˣҪҾһֻȥʽ̫ҽÿն˵ǼǵĲӡ
Ǯ̫ҽһҪҽ̫ҽͷе
ǿ״Ӧ뵽⼸״ӦԻϵչˣֻ֪Ҫ⣬Ժ״ӦڹӦһλӡ
Ҵ״Ӧȥҽ̫ҽؼ
Ǯ̫ҽֵС̫ҽ˳˵ЩֱЩΪ˻ǺܲģЩǮ̫ҽ̫ҽˣҲмϲӣϣָСЬ
۶СϲӵĴȻںЩϸ֦ĩڡ
ȻǮ̫ҽҵǸ̫ҽֲ֪һ˵ƢĿôֱéʯͷ
һ˵Ǯ̫ҽˣǮ̫ҽѪͷһ١
Ǯ̫ҽȥֻѲóҿûôˣôֵ˵ôࡣ
Ǯ̫ҽĿһɣǮ̫ҽƤʵѾһ麹شߵǶѶСǽĲǰСߣǱߣҽյģܲҵ
á
ӣһŵؿȥ濴˺ܶϤĹ̸֣ʹҲġ
ظɨĹˣӻ̫๬Ů񸮡
̫ҽȷʵǸܸˣϸر˱ߵʱԼʱ֢״
ȻַʱڿһϤ֡

̫һˣŮһˣǬ¶ʮ߿⣬ʱߡ  
һòסĲӡ
ʱߡ
ǻʱߡ
Ǳȥ߿졣
һ뵽ȫ»ʱߵ˶Ƕȱҽҩûչˣ²ӣ°ھ̫ҽԺܡ
Ǯ̫ҽǱڵϵĲӣոտ֣ͷһ֪ȥ߿ȥˣæ׷ȥ
ͷ˿Ѿʼ˸質֪ߵꡣ
ָоҲоϵķ磬ֻӺСϲ
Ǯ̫ҽССŵ㣬߿ǱȫȾʱߵˣǧȥ
ˣعͷһΣҲ¡
չ˺޸ϵXȻҲȥӺСϲ
ϵϢػҩѾüΣǸ뷨ЧҲڼ
۾ˮ
Ǯ̫ҽ֪ԼȰˡ
Ѿת߿ȥ֣һҧɴĵô˵
⼸ӣԕ״Ӧ̬Ȳƶɡ
߿ǹﷸµĹ˲ŻᱻĵطŹĻλڹƫƧĵط
һ·ûʲôסվ߿խĹߵʱ򣬾ӵ
йŮĿЦкʹŻµ
ζݣûȥͼѬιȥ
ŴվŽԭҲֿѺȾʱߵĹŮ̫࣬ڣҲͬˣԼְ
ֵĵûи
ڹ˭֪˴޻صı֮أ˭أһԼȾʱߣԼİˡ
ûһֹ򣬾߽߿⡣
һȥһŵͰխӣȫûţĿź˵Ⱦʱߵˡ
Ƕʱ߲ձ֢״Ż£ֲźӣſȱйţ¶ƤѾ
мɫľ߽խӣ˵˾ϳѵԱߵĽ䣬յ÷ŵζ
ַо߱ŵʬָ⻹˶ȴˡ
*
лҪ˵


88 
ǰһУ ˼һǣĵ׷
ֵӴ󣬵Ҳᱻ龰ŵ ַŶ һʱ߲˵խӣѰӺСϲ
ЩƺûĽˣ׷֧һ۾Ŀķһϡ
һڵϣ ǰ½϶Ż̫ȥֵ½ǣ һ
ֲҪʱߵ˻ֺԼקȥԼһ
ֺ 㿪֣ЩȹֲɨһȦ ûзӺСϲæ˳ ڶӡ
һһ䣬 ֽ¡
Ǳĵ졣
ֲȼյʬѣԼ ģôģ ŵ죬 Ⱦʱߣ Ҳûô졣
ͻȻ Ѿ߰˼ӶûӺСϲʱ ʬԱߴɵСС ôˣ
һ򴫳ĵطֻΧ϶òŵСϲŵС㲻ĵôѵҲ
ȷʵȾʱߣѾ˵Ϊ̫УŽŲܹȥ
СϲȻǽǸӡ
ɫ죬촽һƤأһڱһڼ١
æӵϰӵϱ
СϲʧɫСȾʱߣ
ҲȾˣСϲûϵġ
ô
˵Ƚֲϵͷ۾ң˯
ӵΪȶͨ죬Ŷ֡
㺰߰Ժ۾ֻ¶۾֣Σε̫̫
ɵһֱвһûΣӡ
ΪȶܵӰĴԷӦһŷӦ˵Ļһӳϲһʹ˳̵ȥԶһ㣬ūȾʱߣѾҪˣܹҲ
ˣҲȾʱߡסֵ
һס۾˲ðˮ
ô˻ƣŵô࣬òܺúûˣȾʲӵʱߣү۾𡣡
ԼǿصǸŵĶ֣Ϊƽ
ֽû£ϴˣҳҩˣǳȥҲûµġ
һԵСϲȾʱߣѾˣһݵıű§ڻӣֻ΢΢й¶ƽȵġ
һߣǮ̫ҽܻĵҰһ״Ӧ¶ô졣
Ǳ̫֪Ϣȥˣڹ¶С»ӹ
Ǯ̫ҽֻȥС»ӣһȦڶԼߵĴҵˣæܹȥ»
С»Ŵ󿪵ĶԼ䣬ϽָͷڴߣӭȥǮ̫ҽʲôҪۼң
ڻϵĲΪϴĵȶҲ֮ǰţܷһġ
С»ҲǰʱİһĴˡ
Ǯ̫ҽŵС»ӵǽǣ֮ǰźϵĕ״ӦΪԼȾʱߣȥ߿⣬ѾǶȥˣ
˵ʲô
״Ӧȥ߿⣡С»ļһ㱻ϢŪʧ侲
ɵϢʱ͸˵״ӦǶҪŰ죬ϾһЩ˵չ˻ϣǸķá
ôһת۵Ĺ˾߿ȥˡ
С»߾ʶ˱ȥ߿⣬Ҳ˼Σȥ˴ûгģ״Ӧ̫ˣȻȥǶ
С»Ӳҵ飬һǮ̫ҽ˵Ҫȥ߿Ū
ȻԼﴫXڽˡ
С»Ҳ˲ʲô״Ӧæȥ
ڵϣūŸ밲ϿʲôԸ
˯òȵXԼղԺ״Ӧȥ߿ˡ
ƽֱĵС»ʲô˼ʵʵصػϣ̫ҽԺǮ̫ҽ˵״Ӧ֪ĹȾʱ߱ȥ߿⣬㴳߿ȥˡ
͵X㣬仰˵˵㣬С»ò׼ʲô˼ֻҴԴ˵
ȻϵX޵Ŀͣȥ߿⣬˴ûشá
ǡС»֪Լź϶ĸɵҹ˼ô˵ôȥ£ֱ̣߿⡣
ǰ˰ĸɶӣǰߵ˶ʶ
߿ȾʱߵǰЩ죺»ʲô
ΪȾʱߣǰѾ˶ӣϵļжŲˡ
С»Ӻй֮Եָ߿ۼҷϿͣǰߡ
ǡǰˣǺһȾʱߵĽ֮ˣȥǻҲȾϡ
С»Ȼ֪ǻϵĿͣǰȻȥ
С»֮ǰ߿⣬֪ʲôֻſڱǣֲ֣ҕ״Ӧ
ӣӵϷҪôȥͿС»ӣæסС»ӹô
Ҳ˵С»Լһ
Сūſҵˣ
ҵģ
ɲǣС»ӵǮ̫ҽһȥūţū˵߿ˣǡñūŴ
Ӱʲôط֪ģôܵˣиһɽūô졣С»ӶҶ࿴ˣԸܲס
ϾǻˣǼѼ죬ܽ˲H£Ҳܲˡ
ЦЦūţȴҵļˣζҪġ
ҸոջôȥˡȻҲɵģǽǸϴҪ߿߰Ĳ˴һ£Ҳֻǰ
ԾС»ӲӺСϲǸϴҲһġ
С»㶣§ڻĹŮɵļ⡣
ò˵ûӣҲԼɵĿ࿴ģôҲһ״Ӧˡ
Ⱥ˶ԶҲһһġ
С»Ӳɵ÷Сǿ߰ɣϿͣ˻شðã⼸վͲȥĵˡ
ţáXȻ˼죬ЩӿɲҪæˣȷʵشñܱܷͷ
ĵѾ֪ðٹĹţ忤ȥ÷ɽ¡
ۿʱҪϴס̫ǱҪͲסˡ
ңĵźϵ¶Ҳ϶ס󹬵ЩˣͲȥ˵ˡ
*
лҪ˵
ɡ
Ϊ칤æֻܾˣ˼ûдĸ


89 
ַӣ С»߳߿⣬·ȾʱߣȻְ ߿ǰ ̲סС˵ѾƳܹʱߵҩͻ̫ҽ߿ΪΣĪɥ
ǰ͵̧ͷɴ۾ 촽
ܵǰģ ǰӵܣףʱ߸տʼʱе·Ķ˶Լλӣ㲻ܳȥ ҲȾʱߵĹŮ̫תá
ݲЩ˲ûǱӣ Ⱦʱ߿⡣
˶Ի²ϣˣﾲĽ١
û뵽 Ȼ仰
ȷһ£ ԸصͷźС»߳߿⡣
ƳĹϣ 紵ɴҶɳɳ졣
§ӣ һ߸Сϲ һС»ӡ
ͻشú С»ӱĵ ʱֵ⼸յҩūŻȥʱ͵ Сصġ
ͷС»ӹˡֵ
С»æҡͷС¶ô˵鷳 СЪϢʲô¶ūűǡ
ĵǱͷ¶ѹϣҪǻȥһЩǶ˯ˡ
С»ӸˣֺСϲãûסˣԺѾ˲ҶڵϣƬӵĻЬӡ
ְӷŵϣԸСϲյˮҸϻ·С»ҩ
Сϲ˵Ӿȥˮ
۾֪Լж㣬Σź˵һСźˡ
ֿɫ֪ʲô߸·ߵǶһεˣ̫ϹȣҪڲأҳԵϢػĪ˵վӳ̫Ϲȶһӣ͵һһ㣬ѾˣҪúõġ
ĬĬᣬصͷ
Сϲˮָϲɾ·
ȣΪʱߴŲͷ󺹣ڿץӺȷ硣
ųóԱߴֵСϲͻôȾʱأ֮ǰôǶƽƽعˣ
һʣСϲϾͳŭɫСūźͻǱԩģ
ͣˣô£
Сϲȥĵ֮ūźӰ֮ǰ˵ģÿõĶôײˮһֱúõġ
죬ԭŲ̫ҽˣūźͻӲ˵ū˻ʱߣūѺȥ߿⡣
߿󣬿ЩȾʱߵˣūźͻ֪ǱݺЩ˽ӴɻǲСС
ⱳ򵥵òټ򵥵ķӰѴһ򾡡
ʱֵ͵ʱֻҪȾʱߵӡӣһССĴӦĽ첻Ӧеصز飬϶Ƕţ˭˵
ΪǸµϢҲ֪ͨѾȥĵ
СϲǸ㻹ǵóʲô𣿡
ǵãпź룬ܺϡ
ţӹȥǾ˳˭쵽

ԴȥĵչXҲûкúϢСϲ˯˻ӭ˯ˣֱ˽ѡ
۾ѾһǳҵʣźǷҪСϲС»͵ҩûУͿϴվǰ
ֿĵϴ򣺡壬ʲôʱģ
æһ磬Щƣɫϴյ㻹Ⱦʱߣ㡣
˵ϴ߿˿ԲסĴã֪ҾͰҩЩһӶò˲źã
⻰˵Щȣ֪ϴֻǲˣ֢Ҳֻǲ֢ûʲôҪɻġ
ЦЦ֪Ҹøѧҽڽʲô͵óʲôվ
ɲǣѧҽãϴΪȻڻЩɻôֽԋֶĴϲҲһһĺˡ
һ뵽ϴֳ֡Ϊɵ£ȥ£¸Ҵææظɥ£ʱɵأôġ
Ĭһ¡
˵ҲŰʱ䣬С뱲ӡ
ϴȻûʲôģ¬ҵʿ븮ҩԼԼȴֱĵĵʿι¼ҩ䵽̫ϹȣȻѾ˼ǸħӳٰõĽ¶޾ϸ˵
ЩԼ¶˵Ҳȼ䡣
ϴȴĵ̫Ϲȳһܹ˻ҩϢػ裬æֵȥָϡ
ֵ˼ʮ꣬Ϥ˿üͷԽԽ
Ȼɿֵ֣ߵһӵɫѿ
ִûɫʵ壬ҩа취⣿
û뵽̫һ̵ͽھȻûˡϴӵ֣Ϣػ貢ҩǶһܹ񫣬ǵĶ
пŮеĶö࣬Ѿ
ͷһȻҲûа취𣿡
תͷӣţҲš
ϴҡͷﲢԭ֮ǰĩõĺԶԶĵطģһʼǲûʶĶԣʳƮƮȻ֮У𻯵ڵʿɮ¼̫ͨһ 
ǽģù˳֮ǰ˵쳣ͳ˽һ֣Ҫ
ŮõģӦǱģԸǿ֢״ø죬ƻԸ󡣡
ǣЩϴռҩȻܽĶԣ԰γһֻ֣ǡ
æʣֻʲô
ϴԵ٣Բȫ**
УϴָӣԵö࣬ʱҲѾ̫ˣγԣҲѳ
Ӳ֪ʲôʱˣ۾ϴ򣺡ϴһԻá
ϴʮꡣ
ǲζأּеʡ
ϴӦ֪ˣϢػĶһαһǿңᷢһμһ㣬ǲֻۣҪùһΣ㶾Ϳʱࡣ
ӣζҲͰ߰꣬ÿ¶Ҫһҩ񫷢֮ࡣ
̧ۿϴ򣺡Ǿͷˣζ׼ô׬ˡ
ֵ뱻һֻקţۡ
ʮꡣ
Ŷʮꡣ
ӽʮ꣬ʮҲͺԼڵһ
ôġ
ôá
ϴûиõķӣûʳڣϴĹϵóһõİ취ˡ
ͻȻӷѾ̧֣ס䣺Сжʮأóóģ˵ˣūҲȥ̽̽·òãθ
*
лҪ˵


90 
ͷ ʪȥͷ˻ҪҵѾߣҲԼ۵ûš
ٺ٣ ЦЦ ū澲ŲۣСū澾ˡ
ûб·ߣֵȻѡ˰ζϴЩӳ嵭Щ Ȱʱκã һЩҩ룬ٸ˰ζ
˵ЩʱְСϲ֧ˣϴˣ ŰȥС»ӣ ҩôû͹
Сϲ͵͵ۿϵӣ˵ȥĵ ûһ żҩɰ޻СС»ӹūŸ˵Ǹ Ǳ߶ʵæѲ
û£ҩùɡЩźXźˣ ȰϰԼϣ Ȼιҩ
ι ȻԼһ룬 СϲҲȡ
þСϲһõˣ ҪСϲȾˣ ǰæˡ
˵ֿ죬˵ת۹ȥ߿СϲǴ¡
ϴ̫ҽԺĹͬæ£бʱڱסһʼĹɨغǰһµĹŮ̫߹
ЩӳСϲȥЩͺͲˣ
ԣҲԽԽҵķԷ
˵Ⱦʱ߻ݵġ
˵ʱɲڣȥϣ»ϻʱߵġ
еģɴ˵ʱ߾һƫҪ潵µĳͷ
Ҳ֪ɿ˭þûͣϢɶĵԽԽأǵӴ󲻷ģֹһ˵Ҫȥĵϴ
֪ˡ
֪ˡ
ϲ֪ʲôʱһȺ֪ˣӿķңֵ̫඼̲סȥǸǶ˷ǵɡ
վ⣬ñӣ죬뵱紵ȥɿɿ졣
ָմϣX
æ߽ȥ˸
Ѿָһ˿ɫXڱϣڿհ׵ʥּдʲô޼ǵãǰЩɹ
ػϣȷд£ԭǴõסȥģѡ˾ɲһǬǬȵ֮ǰסǬ幬ǬԣҪȻ֡
ҲͱȻʺסľʹ塣
ʱ´ӣͷʢﻰҲסǻûָ˾
ȻΪסҲʧ䣬뾰ʹֻһ֣˴ӵݣҲͻϲصذˡ
һֱǶĵλ֪XײλݵϰߣҲûʲô뷨
Xȥʲôʲô 
ǣͷһūŶʣλҪˣҲðϲá
X֮ͣͣǰ״Ӧһ䣬Ӵðȥ
Ĳ뱻֤ʵǵϲüɕСǳڣչأҲֻܰȥλĹУ̸ĳľӴ⹬
ЩסŵĳڴӦ˶Ķ࣬һԺסλǳеġ
Խ˵Xıʳͣˡ
Ĵ㣬Ҫֵλݵģһ˾Ͳˡ
Ͼ޹ƾĵչˣһǲСҫ
˵ģһλҲҪϡ
ɫūŶ⣬ҪͰѕСǨӴ⹬ĶɣӺΪѕС
Xȥʰ޳⣬ԴϢֵԽԽˡ
⻰ͨһϣΪϰ£ūһһٶʮģ⻰ūŵĻܰ
Ϣ죬ϵԲһ㣬žǸ̬ġ
Xūűǰˣķۿ
Ͻūʹȥʰ
Xʰ֮ǰȥ͵ּ
֮ǰдõǷݾɾõһߣдһݣдһʱֶ˶٣һ֡
ͷСèץһXдãõһγĵֱá
ߵſڣʹÕ״Ӧּ
հιϢػĶϴ򿪵ľ޿ޱȵҩһּץӲ˲죬ӺСϲߵԺ
Цݵİ˹򵽵ϣ檽ּ
ĿչʥּˣʵگԻӺʹⴿ˳طΪˣŕǨ
סˣXλʮĵľȻͷˡ
֮ǰûԤϵЩ಻ǰԼسڣҸĵط
԰ַϲСϲСдʥּдͽūˡ
е㲻ʵǹˣҲһλ
һһĹȻһλС磬ǰɣֻҪӦʣôסá
ʥּūŻҪȥﲼأʲôϲģȸū˵ūŰϲȥ졣
һ˸߲ҵصСϲЩģϲϲʯڵİڼʯá
ãūȲţСвϲģȥ
ԴȥĵźϣϾʹã;ǸиģҲм־⡣
ҪȻһ̫࣬αһ˵ϲá
ʥּˡ
һߣѾ˵ÿҲűץֵĸ첲Ȼװģθ񣺡ū澸밲
ֿƤתһߡ
Ӹתȥū澸밲˼顣
ƫҡһָͷͷϡ
ץס֣²ʲôһβ̵ȥСǹˣԺǾͲסˣס
֪Ķǿġ
ͻȻһˣ
վߵСϲæ֣վȵżԼ֣ҡҡͷûµģûôˤ
Сϲ⼸ô£һǶʱҪŴӦô𣿡
һ˫ԲԲۣ˵ʱرһ
Сϲҡͷûôֻȣеȵˡ
𣿡ǶȣסӰ˵㣬ţȰᵽȥͺˡ
СϲСϲûʲô֪֪Ķ𣿡
ѾʽģǰЩӸˣϵķ綼̺ġ
ָСϲʹ˸ɫԼŴ÷֦ϯӵĿϣ˿˿ģˡ
СϲڵϸӻＸλͼ
˶һӰӽһ
ֻ۾λãֻע⵽Ӱӡ
죬ƫƫ
*
лҪ˵


91 
Ǹֱӣ ʲô
ֲǣСϲ쳣۲һЩʱ֪ص˼
 Ҳ˶ˡ
Сϲ˵£ Ҳӡ
Ϊģ⹬̫࣬һǣң˼Խࡣ
Ұϴжϣ ໹жʮ ʮСϲҲʮˣôôء
ڿϣͷӭﱧŴ÷֦ Ժﰤһˣ֪ʲô

Ȼûʽס Ҳ׵ĹˣȻǰӦλݣ ֻԼĹžͳɣ Ҫȥйʺ밲
Եڶһ磬 ־ӺСϲźϴ
ǹλݣغ֮ǰصɫ ˼ּ¾Ĵ΢ɫºɫ¡
ǰһЩ ߰һЩ ɫ
ɫֱȽϲɫ 죬 žͽ˾ˬ
ͷͷ һų͵飬һһһµĺ
תתԼ½ǣӵ˫ȺֵЬá
֪˫˺ЩʱõģúԣϲúܣҪǻҪ²źÿȥϽţʹˡ
ã˳ȥʹ
һ·żĹˣһȥʹֻǸոճгĳڣǶҪ
Σͬλݣķţ˶Ҫͷ
ߡոƽתͷʹŹŮƫҪһĹ߽ʹĴš
ӷ˸ֶۣССǷǮƵء
ЦЦǸһ߽ʹ
е磬˻ֻ࣬Լڣʺ϶ûš
ȸ񣺡ﰲ
ò̫ڣһЦѣ˾
û뵽ôܾڻʺˣǺôĸ
ҶѣиλĸˡЦЦ
ôǵĸĸء
ˣŸϵ˰ɣˡģߵǰɣҲǱۡ˶һúüˣ̫ﶼ޹Ρ
Ͷʮ壬Ƣ֮˼
Եֻһ΢Ϲ򣬲ֵޣֵֶǻļϵˣҪʲôûУȻҲƵϱգ㻹Ǳóˡ
˵̣ƫƫò
ɫ̫ﶼ޵Ȼˡ
˵ģϹǧ֣ûģﻹиõı£ǫˡ

û뵽ո˹˵ֻ˵ⷬ˺һ졣
ޣֻ˵ʲô檸˵ʲôˡ
㡪
ۿƢϽԲԺһ¹ӣĶʲô˵ġ
˵߰ɰϣּˡ
ǹ϶ѹˡ϶ѹƤףپ£ſϥͷϵèӵġ
⻹ֹˣˣŹˣֹˣť»ˡ
ӵĽЩɳ˼Ǳۡʱģ󲿷ǵǻһѡϴѡģһѡ㣬˲üɣɣť»Ϸ˹ˣĳǷ˹ˣȫǳںʹӦ
ִֻλť»յĹˣδ¶档
뵽Լû˵ť»ˣť»СЩ̰˯ʺΪ谮Щ
䣬ߵڵϵһźǷ洫˵Ҫ֣ƫƫãñˣ˵仹ҪޣСû֣㻹ѹء
ôѽ
ԽԽ־˿˿أɵ̧ͷȥֻһûؿڸߵģһźŮڹŮ߽߱߰Լ־ݸŮﻹıˡ
մ߽ť»Ҳ˵ڵ֣۾һ£ǸûޣǱ־ĹŮǸˡ
Ů֪ԼСӵģȫȫһæǣǻϸշĕˡ
ť»϶˵֪ͳһǣݸ֣ģԡ
֮ǰ˵ť»Сʮ꣬ϲδ
ʺסڵõƽչչˡ
˿ť»һ˫Բ۾ǿǡ
ֽӵ˸ңԼ𣿡
ť»ĺɰɶء
Ȼ֣˵㻹ǵһǵˣҪôֵֹĿ⿴ңҪôΪһǸ꣬ûġ
ʵǴɷĵģֲǺڹҪť»ȥ߹ˣ˵ǶĲݵһ޼ʣָǶӶǸߴ׳ġť»һ
ֲո˵ť»ϻסüһϲݵغҲͰˣϲ߹ظߴ׳ĺӡ
֪ʺΪʲôΪ谮λť»ˡ
ôһĴգȴǸδɵС˭
ңֶXǳ˽⣬ϲģť»Ůӡ
ڵڼ˶λϵʱ򣬳ǣһǰһĽˡ
û˵ʲôŻޱȵλӣ֣Ť־һߵֱϵλ£صүû۾ôûȾʱء
Ǻֺ֣޾ġ
ȥ밲ͷûϥµʱͺ
ԼһޣÿÿҹǸ޵Ĳӣ־Ǻúõġ
ֵŮޣ޵εʱж˿飬ι
ǲУǳ¸̫̫ϵ¶ɫòΪ˻ţֵ̫̫ĹŮ
ֱ˹ųһ
Զǵã˸˵ʱжôֶôʣԼ϶ڱˡ
ǣֻˣ
˵ӰýϥǶϥǣתͷֱֱͻȻЦֻ˲ҿų¹˺úûأˣҲ̫ˡ
ǣΪΪʲôĹ
ƾ㡣
ǰƾҡֵǰҲû뵽һǡ
ɫ
ֵһʹǳָǳ¸̫̫Լĵĸһžݹ
չܣҶû˵
ť»ַֺ֣æתͷȥȻתǰһ㣬͡
Сȵذڰ֣ť»ϱˣԼССڵذǿȫˡ
*
лҪ˵


92 
λݵɶˣ ʺһɫ١
ʺʵӵ߽վȥʺĶãɫѿ
ʺû˵ ߵüˣ ūϢ˵˵һ밲һͷⲻȥǿˡ
˵⻰ʱ 
û뵽ߵԼ վɻʺ񰮣檻֣̿ʺ念 檵ͷҲʧĹǡ
˻ʺɺͳǣǷǳԾһ²ʮ˽⣬ ֮ǰʺҵȥĵȴĬذ¶ˡ
ԣ ҲͰ¶ˡ
ʱվڵڵ֣ ͷһ
ˣҲ߯ʢЩ
ʲôò ޶ׯ һģ ֺ
ʺǶܿأ Եǻ׷Ĺˣ ּǨ ϲ£ ֵñ㵽ϲ 
˵ģǨ֮һҪеġ
˵ţֻ̧̧֣⣬ܿӺ˳һСôߵĺӣֵﾫѡ񣬹˿ɻϲ˵ˣǲϲٻǡ
ݵǰȻֻϲɫִ򿪣һÿڵζɵǰ첱ӣһ
ֻ¾һߴɺ̬ɫѪڹУҲǲɶõƷ
ϵǱϴ͵ĶǶҲǷţ㣬ϲ
ﳼ檲գ̫ˡ
ٹأҲزȥ㲻գǲϲ
ֲҲˣȥɺ£ʺл
ŵ˵仰ӲĻʺȥϢˣЩȻҲھʹظĹ
ǰͷСذɺŲˤֵı
ť»˿ˣǸޱӵĹŮȥ˰ᶫƽҲòš
ɺСȻҲᣬûܾť»˵л
ûһЪͣť»ҧǵҪлңȥɣڹҶˡ
ʱ׼ԵģģԽԽá
Ȼӹ죬û˭й㣬էȻƺּˡ
Ӧһµ⻹򵥣ʰãһȥ
˵ŻһûС̫ܹūŸ밲˵ѾúˣùȥƣûʲôطĶġ
˵Ǩӣʹɨˡ
¶졣
С̫Цŵߵý¶Ǳ߾ҹϹʰˡ
˵ȥû뵽ھͿסˣť»˺ԣʲô棬ֵ·Ҫȥʲôӵġ
ʱɶûԶС̫Ļ
Цŵ˵ûأÕǨӵĻᣬɵúúü
֪ѡûУǿɴҪȥúˡ
ɲǣǰЩӹзʱߣĶȥˣȥֱƺȡ
һһģûǨӣƱҪմ֡
˵ղײգҲȥɣǲµģָ񸮰˲ٺöҲǿۡ
һƣ鲻ڹҲġ
С̫û뵽ԼϲȻһﾪˣЩ޴֡
ˣ檺λһҲûأոʰã϶дܵĵط˵óԿڲ趼Ҫϴյ
Ҫȳ檻ȥٸȥ
¸߰ť»ϱ˱죬ԲǶ೤ʱ䰡
ֵܲգúöӱǡ
ðɡť»Ҳִţôһ˵ˣǵ
ť»ϵĴͷҲֻա
ĻǼ⣬ѡϢȥһźϲ
Χŵһɢ˲٣ߵࡣ
ť»Ϻǣ̵صôأҪͻȥ
û£һһ̫࣬ŲѾ
УߣҾͲˣŽȥȡ˷ݵ԰
áֵͷ
ť»ˣӰıǽ߶֦һߺ֦һѣڵשϷŵĹŮϽȥ
ӾʹɺЩ۵ӿť»ϵıӰĨĨͷť»˻Ǹأ㣬ѡǻʮɣûѡء
ճ͢Ĺ涨ɺŮҪʮ꣬ʮꡣ
һť»ϣͿóʮ꣬ǺģûгŮӵء
ֵȵ۵Ļʺͳť»ϣϼλť»ϵķҲˣǼˣ뾡͸Ůӽ̽̽ϵ˼ǻť»иãصʢˡ
ť»ûг衭С
ţť»Ǳ߿϶ĵزŻϵ˼ءXĵطҪɻҪԲݵĵ¯ࡣ
˵ť»ϣ˴գأ͸ָ̧̧¶е˴ڻ
ϾŮʮ˱䣬ť»ϳҲһġ
X֪ƣֹť»Ͻ˹һˡأֲҡť»˲òΪ˵ǰĺܲúøɻ
ͻȻذɇ嘣Сûū˵ǰЩĵ׷ʲôأôͻȻͷΪˣס
ܸʲô̼
ûģһĲš
ֿһۣ㵨㣬ӵĻˡ
ҲҡӸϽץסһߺӣСϲ̧ŵС̫࿴æȥæ
ǰͷŲȥԴظһЩ߰뷨
ʲôXʱģ
ޣ
һԴԼӴƫˣȻ뵽Щ߰ġ
һ˴Żʺ͵ɺڼ
ɵúܣһϣмһ
ǿ쵽ʱɺɵĲˣɸ߸ϵţӸµؿǡ
ִ˵һߣ·
û鷳ֻЩ֮ɫ˲ĵѶڡ
Ӷֵ³Կǵķ߷߲ƽ
ıһת
̤ȥĸ̫ĸŮڵϣūţūǸ밲˼顣
ְѰٶȣҴֲˣһΪҪʮ²Ūúãû뵽һҹͽס˽
ЦţС£ȻҪ㡣
ЩŮ̫඼ūģСţźܵģٻЩġ
*
лҪ˵


93 
ЩŮ̫࡯֪ԼԺӾǰ֣ ˺趼ϵϣٴι
ֽȻŵù 㲻㣬 ҲҪŻϲǡ
ⲻņ̀߻ϺͰ𣬱ȵ䰲ˡ
Цŵ˵ĻūſɰСֵ࣬ ʵദʱ ҲԶ˵˵ϳ¶ϲϲ໰˵ ġ
԰˵ӣ źĴۿɲС
ôΣûһԼ߳ĵԼģ ԺرŮ Ȼһȳһջشá
Ҫٸһ㡭
ˣǰϧԼһ
Ͼ²ˣ ԼͶʮ˱ȡ
ɲ֪ŵ˼
ΪĹ  û
һţ һŻɫĵºһСҶ̴Σ ̫ʦȦΣ ػ һ߲ſȸһǵǳϻ䡣
һһ̵ǿϢϴ䣬һſһŻƵĽķСͷ
ĶһŹ齣ƵľɣСľοյСŵģֺÿ
ƹһŵʯ񻨹ӶรĲ
ÿһֶϲһϲġ
ϣѿϷŵķСͷϥϣ˲ӣĿڵǽҲûбõĲˣͷˡ
ֻҪСϲūűǷٶҲֵõġ
СȿūȥǶ
ţСϲͰ
ǡ̫ͷͷˣСϲȻҵȥ
ٽЩŮ̫ԵĲ£Ϊӹ죬ȻǽֻЩ˲赹ˮĻ
СǽϾסˣԭΪЩ͹õˣ֪߶Աֱһһ¡
ôĹôĶȫСһ˵ģ
ִϲԿˣͷȥðѸõĶȫˣӴԺǾסˡ
ãʱ򣬴ûءѾߵһȹŮЩ಻١
ȻǽȥŷóʳʱüˣҪþơ
۾һ
ư
þöûԾˣˡ
Ĳ湴̿ˮ룬ԼһҲµģȲصͷãȽǴˮҳһȡ
ˣҲĳﱸԺΣҲˣ١
ãūȥСƹȻǸ̰ˣ𣬾ߵͷЩĸŮĸ̫С˵ˣҶæˣϸ׼ƲˣǳԵõġ
ȣȶ࣬عſǴ¶ɲòĵ
ûڹеֵĹŮ̫඼סխӵ̹ԵҲǲȵļªʳֻбȥӵĹﵱֵõһķ
Ů̫û뵽һĺ£ϲʤ׷׽ллӡ
Сβͣ룬ӵȻõġ
ȥյˮµԡͰˢһ£СܲҪ
ǡ֮ǰĺã˸¶ӻ䣬ɢշԸȥ׼ˡ
һֱûӵµ΢˵ڰѡӳ˯лѡ
ղڣ־ʹһɫžַƵĳ£źµĵϡ
ͷûȫɣԲδţֻɵһķϵţ˲ٵͷԼˣ̵Ĺ⡣
ž㣬̲סžƺԼԼϣǳǳһڡ
ڸջ׵ϾͷһΣúȡ
ūҲԡҲ̲סһСıһޡȻһ߲ôȣ뵱һ˵Сϲ
СϲˣСһǾоġ
Լһͷȥ
۰ֺӺСϲٶð⡣
СϲžƱһ٣֪ģΪʲôء
ȻֵһʾСϲҲϣ˵ľƱһ
ֵ⻹˾غһξأ˵ƽǧȴϣԺ󶼲Ҫ⡣
ֻȸ˵ľƣͺȣɢա
С˵˾ͺˣСϲˡӴԱߵСϲ
ֿһۣ˵أ˼ʶֵ֣Ҫȥˣҿٹ꣬Сϲȥ״Ԫɶ⡣
СϲӴţСɷūˡ
Сϲ㲻ԷƱѧɱˣǲ֪ҽʶֿǷ˺ôĹȴһͨġ
̵úáСϲ
ͦˣƣСϲ˵ұá
ߡֲŲžƱУⱭ;̵úõʦ
в˵Ļ̫ˣҲϲ˵Щֻ˵ЩȻûȶһ㡣
ȼһأŷļƶˡ
СϲһֳֻŶͷɫ糺֣ٿѾſϥã۾֪ϦϦӣ̾˿ӵֵ֣ϥ
˯˲ϲţƫͷ㿪֡
ǳ׺ˡ
Сϲ
£ӵģһȦɫ˪
СϲﰴõĻϲޣţ˺ҧš
ִӼ䴩һѽ
һڿգʶСϲ㶣ߡ
ƵԴ۵Ϻϣһ⣬СϲͻȻЦˡ
ߵſڵXûŵһŨصľζ
΢΢ֹ̧֣סҪ̧ͨŽ߽ȥ
ֻԺһ˶ûУż߶Ů̫˵Ŵš
ִһɫ׵ĳ£ͷɢشڱϣӵվ
ƻӳķ紵ƮɣӰҪ˷ȥ
ͻȻתͷǿ˵XĵعŽŴ߳ߵ̨Ƕʱ򣬽²ȿգǰˡ
XһϸûԼƿٵûſͷžôˣ
Ҫֳ檵ľƺ𣿡Цü䣬ɫ
ˡ
Xֵ֪ywѸͶҵģζ嶼ҵĻӦ
Xһ㣬һҲϲԼƿصĶԼywҲС
XҪƿȥѾƣ΢΢üǲĿԼŵĽţȻX߼ӯһԾֱӣȻ
ȺľߣϣҪų檣檲ŵء
*
лҪ˵


94 
XǶ˶ ˵ȴһս
ˣ ̵ϲ˲䣬 ûó檲ŵصķϣ檾Ͳˣá
úܣšüͷ XĲϳͷ ҡҡλεֱˮ
XͻȻѹͷҪȥһš
ãſѹֺ׵ֻ֣ ָǵĴҪ𣿡
ֵĴ飬΢ӯ ˿̸һűĽմĿˮ
ִ㶵Ҫ
XУ 촽ָĶ
˵ţ Żľ󲽽ߵÿ˵㣬 ڵϵľ÷һԣž
ȥ˯Сϲհ˷£ ǰ æܹȥ鿴
ܵǰԺ ڹŵİͰסæˣ Ъɡ
Сϲ ʵʵ¡
һ裬 ڿϴģණ
XббŵϣchiϰƤ󣬵Ǹһ㱡ļ⣬೤ĺӡͼӡ
ŰͷԼŴƵѩӣ⶯˳¡
ҡҡͷ˫ֻ
X˿ֻգֲĵطͷԼǶλãԼм䡣
ڶ죬ʱ̫ѾɹԼͺͺܾеģζе֡
ǣû찡
ֳҪ𴲣һ°Ƕ۲ᡣ
֪XǶΰģαǰλҪۡ
ȥͻȻԴһЩ档
˵Լǰ治١
Xú桭
ֺֽץˣ޲ðʱ䲦ϡ
ûѵӿڴϣ첽߹Сˣھһ
ɡ˯ͦģϲҲܡ
ֱƿӱӣʲôʱߵġ
ƤףԵĺۼĿģ˶
ӵʹĿ⣬ūҹ˯죬Сϲ˵ҹֱӴϵ糯
ִᱡĳ£˴ˮ⻰Щ졣
Xǲں󹬵ģ˻ʺǶĸӣҲᵱҹĵޡ
ϣ΢΢
ϴ裬ѣٳԵ׿˻ĳʳΪôʣûȥøСŮҡűڿϿ
񣬾߶˳ſߵĴ⿴ȥȻǳͥںť»ˡ
Ҳ֪ôյһԺ߽
Ҳںͳͥأť»ֱܵǰſ棬ÿˣҪͺˡ
ĳͥŽﹻӣЦȥ˿ɺﶼֵˣҪſϾúһôͷ
ڶť»˵СɣҲѶǽŮܲú
ť»ŶԹԵ߹ȥ˴
ںͳͥһǳڣһǴӦҪġ
ȴ֮ǰסɱôӣȥЩСʳ
תͷںͳͥ˵ôЩӶǵӰٹվȥǡ
û뵽ԼˣҪĲԡڽӹĻ
ƾԶٲ裬ֵҶ㵹Ȳȵ¡
˵ŻӴŮŲСʳˣȸǵһٸԼϡ
ĳ˳ͥҳһζ֪ǽ²衣
ť»˿ڣСʳһڲһڳԵģԲرϲ
Ե㣬˵θڶˣųţڵЩӲ֪֮ǰΡ
ֵãƽϲЩ飬֪һЩֹʱߵķӡ
ˣ½ڵϢ
ˣڷĲ裬÷ɽǱߵ˵ЩȾʱߵĹﱨϢ
Σʡ
½й֮ԵȻһʼӣ֪ڻڹʱǺѣɵڹġ
ϴǳǳЦûܻʱߣҲˡ
½ͬ䣬ʮͣԶͣˡ
ֲɵַڵϡ
̧ͷʵڴ˴ҲǺõģϲ֣չ̫ˡ
ǰɰЦˣֺöť»˲࣬ģЦˣҲòʼѧ˵Ựѧ˼ʡ
ʵֹ½ڡ
⹬ɣ֮ǰĸС㣬ĸĵ顣
ɽľͱһյĥţĥòģĥ˶ʸ
ִСͱĸܱţ档
ϲ죬ϲأϲһĶ
ԾǶʱѾ뿪¸סׯϵĴ㣬Ȼ󵽴߿ԼдЩдųϷֻмʮҲ㡣
컯Ūˡ
˹
ڶԶĵط
ˣԴ˸иųԲ˵ղ¡
Ȼ⴫һϼݵæҵվ
־ûϵͷȻͷһֻصϵĳ¸ǵ
ʰҲˣִż߳ţԺѾ߽X񣺡檸밲򰲡
XӾߣһ߾ֻû뵽ˣЩϲ
ƽɡ
Ȼӣ
ˣ־ͲԼĿˣֻܸһڿߵĴϡ
ʱ𣿡
ûС
ǳ׼ʳЩ
šXϰŵĲзڿϵĻӣ֪Լòˡ
ûԼ˱˵뷨ӦͰԼĽŷڽ̤ϡ
ںͳͥɫģæվϣ檹л£ȸˡ
X΢΢ͷȻҲǣʾǡ
Ĵ۴ť»˻ôˣŲǣںͳ´Ӧôˣ軹ûء
ֿڿϵXںͳ´Ӧм£ҪȻȥһ£ť»ҪҪҲЩʳ
ððť»ҳʱԵ٣Щˡ
Уȥŷһ˾ܳˡ
ûԸ񽾰үأҪȥЬȴԼˣڿϡ
еûӦϣĶҪȻôеֵֹġ
X˵տĻӷ
*
лҪ˵


95 
һԼĻӣ ЩûⱾ㲻 ȫˡ
һ뵽 ֱԼЩ־е㲻
Ȼ˼ۣX۾ʹӻƵϣ üë΢΢£ ͸һڵϡ
æȥʳ
˵ŽŲҴҵߣϱڵ۵һ亹۳ ŽҲˡ
Xһ̣һӰӵ̵ϣ Լ֮䡣
ֵؿڣһ·ɿť»˻ڣ Xֱۣϣ ſ檡
XûţȻǶһ ϵֲò϶
ȱһť»ڲԼе࣬ һڲϣ 檳Աˣ ȸˡ
Xû ˵ͷȥ
ûڣ ֵҲ ץXļԼߵѣԱߡ
û˵ղһֱŻXѿϵİŵߣ°ڡ
û뵽ֳ߶Ȼǻȣһ˫ķۿ֣Լȥ

۾Բһ£رصĶģ
˵Ҫţ檽׼ϷŪ檣ھֻˡXڹصһסֻҹһأֵǲôˡ
ⷬһ˵껹еץԼĳᡣ
ͤѩ˳¶ĵϢ
XӺɰóһĴָĴɺӣٳһǳǳɫһĨȥ
һԼԼղǷԵԼˡ
һϣϡ𡭡
ˡ
šʵ˵ָͷ̫˵㣬еܣһ뵽ĻԼ£֪ɡ
ֶãֱ߶ӵϣСʳѾˡ
ŸϽѳ·ȥˮȻӣȸXָ֣ǳɫҩ࣬˿˿Ѫ
XüǸƽ
ֵҹͺˣͲ̫ҽ˰ɡ
X΢΢ü
Ŀڣ˵ʲôʲôʲôֻԼ֪ˡ
X⣬ӴˮԼϴ֣һǰһӱߡ
ʲôʲôһģ֣Ϊ˺ֻҪµķУͿԵ㼦ѼԼӦ߲ˣλλʺķࡣ
Բ˵ع¶
ֻΪŷ֪һӵϡȣû뵽Щʱ򻹼򵥡
һѼȲˣһñŵĲ֪ǳɫ
࿴ǳɫۣXźİһС롣
һҲûԼԵ뷨ϣǺǰǷԣ
Xɫװ׷ӣΪأĺá
ŶֿѧҲ赽ˣէһɫ֭׷һʵƲϺÿǵֳһڣ˲䰮ˡ
ôô۽üҶϲҲѵζ⣬ѩڻһ
ѹX˵ĺãĵ˵ǶõĶˡ
ĺһֱûкθڵֵһθڴ󿪣ͷԼġ
ȶӳԵЩˣ̧ͷһŷ˱ԵøɸɾֻǵѼʣЩ
ԱЦ۾СҪЩ
ˡ־ƺޱȵζXķģطûУҲա
ŮǸհʳȥǸˣɹϴΪͽ˷ϲ¾ˬͷüˡ
X񣺡ߵϣ꣬С밲
X̧̧˿ӡ
ǡǸȻҵ飬ȰСϣְַȥһɴԼֵָ󣬲Žָȥ
Ƭ̺󣬵ػϣСֻǡҪһ
ûо˹Xɫеģеķӡ
ǸˣǲƣԼ뷨ӡ
µСѰ죬Ҫȳ˽СЩڷҲࡣ
Ҫô࣬ɿЩһЩ͢ط
Խҩشһһеҩش֭Һ棬гʱʹ
Ѿͷðˣʲô֭Һ棬ǵǶʲôطXŰɡ
תͷȥXȴXúΪ档
ָϽ䣬΢ҡҡͷ
үⷨ˾ȣΪβҲͰˣΪ£ǰЩó
XXȴİ壺ӽ𣬾ô˷ӡ
֣
XæȺǸ̶˸ӵķӣŰˡ
ؿǵ㾽ȱССŭ𣬶λʳ¯ϴĵӣ˵ף̫ҽ첲ܲ΢䣬Ƿӣ
ϴӣӱǶ㣬Ҳܺƽĳˡ
ǸʵⷨӾϲʣϴҲг˵š
ӣг̫ಢ洦Ķʹ
ǷӲܹЩʹݣһ
ô˵ⷽӷòˡ
ǣһǾʢ֮ˣǲô˷ԽԽʹ̣֢״
֪嶼ΪԼͷ̫ҽԺͰѷɡ
ˣȥĶˣϴΰζǸ͵ģһأǸҲ˵á
Ǹϴؽϴ£ȥüֻ˸ͻζ¡
ϡ
Ѿܾûˡ
ϴǽʿϴŲżһ·ʢʢҼʮꡣ
ʲôֵһء
ǸҪҩ̫ҽԺֻۣXĨҩǶеġ
Դŵĳ£Ӱѱ̵ģ˯˸
Ѿȫ͸Աߵ̨
ЬҪ߳øŸӵײһʲôأôصġ
ɫЩѺӷŵϵСϣСԼ֪ˡ
Դһˣ˵ӽҪǸӣӦþҪõơ
Ǹƽƽĺӣȴ޶˶˾ãе֡
򿪸ӣֻһűָϸơ
̶̣һ¡
ڶ㣬ƱȵһԴЩָࡣ
㣬һָԲȡ
Ĳ㡭
飡ֹϺӡ


96 
Щ ֽϾˣõͷָϸЩ
ЩƶϺõĺ񣬷ҩﰾʱ䣬 ѾմȾһҩɫ
ϲųԹX С˳ſڴϣǿסƵĴָҩڵ¶һʪ
piguӵҲ̫ˣ һǾȡòá
̫ҽ˵նҪЧźã ǿӵģ̲ס࿴ۣҲ̫ҽ˵ˣţ ݡ
ݶֵջеģֲʲôǧ֣ ܲϲ˵˴ͣ ԼȴǿԸоõʮ߰ʱ
ٲŵ㣬 ϹͷɾXڡ
ȵúܣֲñ ֻϴıӡ
Ҳ֪ûֵã һ˯㼫ˣ ʱ׵Ѿɿ첻١
ȫˡ
תۣ ͵õİǨӡ
һ磬 СϲӾʹŹŮ̫¶ɨɾ ٸŷã Ҫɫˮ
հںãڳͥˣǰһ
˵˷ϲ¾ˬ˵ľˡ֣ΧȦ
ֽøۣһʯɫ£˼ɫ£ӽԹžµơ
Ӣ崿Ĳĳ࣬žʮ۾ˡ
ԼҲϲ·תȦ͵ɫƫ࣬ҽȥʣɫ
ϳɫ󹬸ȻҲɫö֮񸮾ͱЩɫˡԼҲأһ֣һȥҲɫá 
Ҳ´Ӧֶվߵĳͥ
ͷβֻԱЦŵĳͥû뵽Լ¶һ˵ҪԼ·֣·࣬ôġ
·ֲҪģźÿŶԡ˰塣
ʵͥʲô·أͽʱǼȫǾɵġ
빬ʱ񸮹͵ļƥҲǰռȥˡ
˵ŻǵɣҲǰһ
֣Ҳвֵġ
ɺйڣҲССĹ˿Ȼȥ
Ǻ޼Ҳȥ
ȥķݺһڿˮ
ԼѾΪ¼Ϻݵ¶Ҳ˵ˣֻԱߴš
ɲޣȴǰʱ񲻹ܲˣ԰ͤ￴Ҳ˳ۣҲ˳ۡ
ȻС̫ӵһӴһ߹ǳʶˣ忤Ġdʱϵ׵ܵܡ
˵÷ɽǶ˶ѵöŲ£ĠdʱȴļҵĿӣȵ˹ȥҩǰЩӲźá
һ̫ȲѾڹסա
һЩ£ĠdʱǱ˵ĸЩ˼
վװĠdʱڶ񣺡ү
ĠdʱŴŻع񣺡𡣡ȻҪ뿪
ɻصүҪȥ˺Ǩ֮ϲ𣿡
ˣĠdʱһֻù󲻿ԣɺʲôʱȻô谮һŮӣȴ֪ⷬʲô˼
¶ɫĲǣԭΪү͕ʶĹˣû뵽ˡ
㡭˵ʲôĠdʱһ֣һ
ȥ𣿣ȥˣۿֵĹľڳ¸˵ļ́š
ȥ֮˺ܳʱգڣҲԼϲ˾ôˡ
˵־Ȼû˕ˣ
Ġdʱͷ·ͷУʳǣĶ
ǵĺأǰոշ˹ˣھס
˵껰ĠdʱѾһιȥӰܿʧ԰
˼Լ˳ĵ¶ڳһ
ɵصСڕ˷ͷʢʵڲϲߡ
˭֪ϳǸˣ񸮺޲һ˰ˣһ㲻ܵ
ӵãϸŵˡ
ǲΪȻ˵λݷȴвء
ָЩ˾Ϳʲôʱء
Ǵźȥط羰ߺһӰصĻ߳û뵽Ȼôʵ顣
ĹŮ߰ɣȥ˺ϲ
Ůƺսսصǡ
ߣʳˣҲÿ
֪жĽλݣķţ԰֮λס
϶ֻܿףصϲɫ಻ĺϲ
߸ŸСӣֵЩҪҪ
ֵĿڿǸСӵʱԭ뷣ģСôϲĸҲ᲻÷ˡ
ĸ׵ģûвϲԼӱġ
ɶԱߵСӵǕˡ
ССĶʮֶأ񣺡ˡ
ò˵X֣øмơ
ֻСԲཱུģǿɰġ
־ϲԲֺҶòСӣò֪ôźãæ֣һӱӵϲʲôϲϲ
ཱུʶסֵĲӣССȥɣЦŶֵڹոճԹˣٳҪ˵ۡ
ǽͲܳˣʲôʱСǶǿˣٸӳ԰ɡȻѶӵݻĹŮ
ôɰĺӣֲˣﲻͷ⺢ӳԼĳʳ⣬ԼƺӶϴˡ
ʼãǴ¡
ȻùŮɽȥʱ򣬹ſͻȻһӰû˭ͻȻһߺ֣
Ġdʱ·һŻϲܹץļ򣺡û̫ˣ̫̫ˣ
͵ذֱڻʧõ䱦
ôɣͿ忤ͻȻ֮ͥ±Ż׷ĕˣֹǡ
Ƕɴ۾⣬ôˡ
ҿүĠdʱЕʲô֣
ǳ¹˶ԼĸԾңһ޹˵ĸˡ
ŵ˶ˣĵޱȵ龰
һ㶼û뵽
ּأ
һԼ̫٣ֱ׵ĿԼ
ڶ˵ĸϣҲǺһܲ˵׷ȥڴ϶Ľӡ
ڣǵΡ
ҪƿĠdʱܴ˼Ӳûƿ
ҪȣҪͨİXվ˹ſڡ
*
лҪ˵


97 
Xվſڣ һɫ·Ӿ֮ϿԳܵ롣
Ƿ׷׹ 밲
ֵĠdʱתͷ Xڰѽֵַſ
ֺһŹſڵX˵ĿмͻȻ֮ˮǧɽ ңɼ
Xתȥ Ჽ׷ȥ
һĹǺɫǽ߷ϵ⡣
XȳӼ ׷ںô׷׷ϣۿԽԽԶ ֶıӰϣ
Xûͣǰߡ
ûӣ ˦˽ϵĻף ֻܹȥܵǰࣺ檵Ļ ô˳檵
֪ƾXԸ Լ׷ѾǸԼˣ  ԼղžѾ
Իʲô  ͱ۵˶
ڹĴӦڹˣ õǼɣ궼ѵüһ档
檼ү棬û˵仰Ҳû˽顣
ճ棬ſүˣԳ檾ֹǣҪǻ檶˰ȥ
һĠdʱһӵĻѹס
ˣ˵Ǹ˾СһƾԼϲŭҲ㶹룬һүԼһֶţû֮ǣԼأ
ۿXɫûб仯ӣϣ㲻ų檵ĻҲŻԼ
ֲǼ˭ϲġ
üһֶ̲סԼȸĴָƱǿΪ˲ʲô˵óˡ
ǰ˭뵽Ҳ˵Щ
Xǲɫôһ˿˿ڻļץŻᣬԼ²ЬҲֻ˴ͷ΢΢żһڡ
XǱĵĳܱ࣬ġ
һ¾˿
֣XڣڴĦ޵˼ǲǡ
ĶСգգ۾ѵ檱ԩ˻ܸԼ𣬴ץ˻Ҫˮʯӳîء
촩ۼˣ·Xͷһ㳤ģʱ޿̲Ӱ
ѣҲӰ
ԣǸûť»ڵʱҪԼЬȴĪڱǰȥԼˡ
찲˵һǨӣˡ
XЩŪԼҪʲôֵǫżССӣֻǵyw
ɵʱģ
ɽȹˮӣȺԼǰӣŷ۽˵ӣǶ϶ӣԼɢͷܲסذcӡ
Xûκ˵ϲԼɢͷcӡ
ֲҪޣŪ
ĵש̫ɹ̺ģֻһ˫̵̲࣬סŽֺ
һԿţҲЬӡ
ү˽飬ȱж˵ڻϵλεȰƣڵϲȡ
ͻȻֿܲ˻ŵʱX԰ȥЬ
ײĠdʱŻϵ汧ŕˣ߳ٵ׷ø߸ߵڷһЩ
ûãûŭ
Сܹȥ˦ǶЬӣڵҪ
æѽXԼ
ӣǲϰ屻Ҳ̫С
XͷִЬӺ󣬴ϰĵķȥ
ֶͣ檹ͻϡ
Ǳߣ׷ȥ֮󣬾Ӱ˵֮ǰǶһŵشյһ飺⡭⵽ô£ʲôʱʶ忤
ϣҿ˴ˡ
ôܲۿ˺忤һˣûŵʱָôء
ǻǿˣ͕ǸӣͲǸܰҵģ忤ָ˭ء
ƾ֮ǰжܳ裬Żϵϴñӣȱжġ
Щ˵СֹϵõڳͥŶԷļ٣ֻԼλݵͣ˵ϻ
ȻԽԽѾ޼ɵĽֵֵЦʱ򣬹ſڵ̫ྪȵص۾СС
Ժ˶ȥֶֻͷȫǺ·ЩͰ͵ġ
ںͳͥȥץ֣ô
ûʲô°ɣǶ
ֵӿãͷϵĵЩɢˡ
˵ĸ߸ţɵ׷ȥǲǱϷˡ
ְοҡͷֻõû¶Ҹ˵ˣȻЩûʲô󰭡
ģͥϲǣȫ¶һ飬ȷʵûʲôԵˣһ룬ͬʱò˼飬Сô˵ģ
ЦЦЩ¶֮ģб֪ỵ¡
Ǹˣᣬ˵ˡ
ô򵥣һǸ˵ǣԼûX
ȥһһ͵أ˫أȥϯȥ
մŷЩĵںͳͥȥԺһΧ۵ĠdʱûΪɣȥĸ˵ĸּ׼
ĠdʱXͬͬĸֵܣȻǳģĠdʱ̫Ҫһ㣬ƫŮһЩ
X̫һ֡
Ҳһˣ֪XһЩšƢҲòϣֵǿ֪
˺һ㿪Ġdʱ֣үȲ˵ϴˣ檲ʲô֣󹬶ų檴ʴʵʵǽ˿
үǺһûѻʼ˳檵˵Ļ檹ǶǸֵмϲ¶ȷǵҪ
Ġdʱ޴룺֣־㣬ϴġ
檲֣檽ǰɽˣ»֪֪үԺĪ˵⻰
ɫƶĠdʱѾ˲٣ϾۿֵĻ́¼ңᵽɽϡ
ĠdʱԼıʧõϲøУĿȡ
ûԼĻڶֱӵ檿ү뿪檵ɡ
ϲġĠdʱЩί
ֲ̲סͷĻ𣺡үӦҲ֪Ϊʲôס
ˣүȥ
ˣĠdʱȫXˣɴһ㣬ֱӰߡ
Сϲ˵żС̫ߵĠdʱࣺү롣
Ġdʱȥ֣СϲֱӳӵסߣүݹأūŲūųɣ̫ǣиţҪˡ
һ̫Ġdʱͳˡ
ĸò׷ЪһѾ˺Լӣָôء
Ġdʱֻգ˵ԼСϲ
ԺĺⳡϷֱͷЦ
*
лҪ˵


98 
ֵӿɲûµģ ɢңͣһĠdʱţ һǽĺ ôܻ谮
ûһݶλݣ乬ּҪˡ
Ť߹һ۾ͷϵļƣббƲһۣϯǳԲˣ ˻զ࣬ һߵŻϵĳһߺ忤岻ع£˭ֶΰ
ղʱһһã ȫȻھʹȴﰴȥ¶ ۿҪʧ裬˲ֱʢˡ
µ춼ûÿ졣
һ˵ Щ͵һĻľˡ
ǰ ϯҿɲҳԣ
ҪҪ̽ǣ ôûϺ忤ôħġ
ˣĸ˻¡
ЩۿҪʧƣ Ȳһţ ²˲ǵĻ档
ںͳͥż֣ Ҫ˵ʲô ס
Ժ붼 ȲˮĹ 檰ϯǸѳԵģʲô˵˶ܽг檺ò÷źš
ɱĻ̵ըˣ㣬õȻϴõʥּ̾͵ںϣʡۡ
㵹ãԱģΪǻ׷ĕأѡ
û˵꣬ղŸXȥ˵İͻȻˣ󻹸ĸС̫ࡣ
һϲ֪ǴÕ˵ּˣ̲סǰһ
֪ͻȻǸʲôֹ̧סĻͷūŻйȵȵȡ
úúãȰ¡ɵͷ޲ðѰĿͳԼ
ɹֵֹģû룬ɫضֵˣūϲ
Ժһ̻ſϷɵΪԼˡ
ɸǲţŰ㡭ǲ˵ˡ
תͷݺüǻ׿ڷԸ£ūôŪ
ȻתͷС»֣С»ŵӣǶ鱦һԣͦ黨֦һԣ˿һ֧ʯͷ֧Ƕʯɺͷһ֧
ĸ߳С̫룬ÿﶼһ̣ǻµͷȫǲɶƷ
һϲر֧Ƕʯɺͷԡ
û뵽XͶɵü䣺Ͱ˵һҺϲ
С»ЦЦЦŵأСҪлҪл
ȻһԺ˵Ŀ⣬С»رŵϵĶǴͷ棬Ǹʽִٺ棬Ǹʽϣʲôɢƽ޳УŲƥС̫༸ԺվǲԾرһ
ʮ˱ɫװףЩŶС̫࣬뷨ֻԼ֪ˡ
ɫڵšóˮ
ɸǣôҲ벻ͨ϶ײֺĠdʱĳ£ά

һ̶ȥ߳һѾͷĹŮҲû˭кԼˡ
ЩڷŸһ𳰷ֵģҲûûӴȥͬһˡ
վָǰСȫˣūžҪȥˡ
лСϲͰ
СôˡڿԽԽϲڰСϲͣС»Ӻһ̫ƺƵ뿪
ڳͥСϲ˾Լһ
ǵһڵϣһϣ챻ˡ
ʲôʱû˵Ц߹˶˵Ӣ۲ʳô꣬ҲǼˡ
۾ɨԺĶҡͷƣ˵λݺܿҪһˣЦŸԱߵĹŮպЩҪѱڕǰô󣬱ɲ֮ǰЩһֻܲˡ
ĸоʱ׳ŵĸоһ
ɵĻ˵ó檲˼ˡ
ò˼Թ֮б£˷㡣ɵȥںȾˣʰʰˣٺ
ã֪ҲǸˣֵͷһҪúøȵ
ɴżûߵɽȥˣֽΪ׽ںͳͥվߡ
Сϲ˰Ѷսⷿ˵Ҳȥɡ
ãǽԸˡ

ﻶЦٹȴһƬ
̫ŶͷڿϣŻ׵ָָĠdʱ㡭¶
ҲǷȥ͸磬ֳ¨ӣȥһŮˣ㲻Ӷ˰ҶӶˣ
Ġdʱһֲȥֻվԭصĸ󣬶ĺϲǸˡ
ֳôˣҲҲڶˡ
Ѿ֣ٴˡ
⸱Ӹ̫һϣǹʲôõģҪʲôŮӰҶܸѵͲҪˡ
ǶֻҪġ
֡Ϥ֣̫һ¡
֮ǰĠdʱǰ߶֣Ҳ֪ȥϢ
ԴȥĠdʱһѾܳʱû˵ֵˣĠdʱɴߵ֣ǸˣĶģ
һֱߣȥȻͷĠdʱȾʱߣ̫ϻعС
һ¸һ£̫XԼĹţЩȫٹĹţȫܹ﷢飬ԶƾðһӡҲûС
Ҳ֪Ĺ˽ϸѯһ֪ͨȥ̫󣺡̫Ǹ˵ԭãǰܲʻ̫ģ֪ıϷΪ˳ڣȻΪӦǰַΪˣŕ
⼸䣬˵еˣŮ˵ʱ򶼾档
ôôڣҲ˺档
̫ܲʻ̫֮İ˲඼֪Ȼһܲʻ̫󼸸֣ɫѿúܡ
ǣһ֪ﾹȻô͵ˡ
ʲôϵ
Ҳˣλ˷Ϊڵһγгȥʺ밲λԾŮ¹ˣָŕ˵Լĵĸ֡
̫֣֣𣿡
ǰ¶ܿ͹ȥˣ˵ԭĳˣԾķ˲ްϵ
ĠdʱԱߣֺ̫˵Ļڵôء
֪ǶǲǾԼˡ
̫ɫûиղôֲĠdʱðߵߣ£ĸ˳ΰɣ˵˵ѕ˴͸ɡ
ֻҪ˶һֱġ
*
лҪ˵


99 
ĠdʱǱ̫ųģ ֻҪҪģ̫ûвģСʱҪ־ʨӹ Ҳˡ
Ġdʱ̫ ҡҡֱۡ
̫ݺݵ¶붼Ҫ룬ҹŮ㲻࣬һ࣬Ǿ仰 ҪʲôŮӰҶܸ ˲ܡ
̫֣֪Ǹжϲ
ˣеڶ
ǸνĕˣҲǳмƶѡ
һҲ ƵҲ
Ǹĕˣ̫ۣ ϡ棬XӾȻƹأ һóɹ˵λݡ
¶ á

ǰϲ˳Աɢȥ
ӷ΢֣ ͱҲȵеɡ
ɵ㣬ֻҪúó ͱʲôã ҲͽһЩ
һΣ ֪㲻ǳ֮ һƱɻ ڣ ҲӦ˱Ĳ롣
ֻ˵һ仰ĶӣֻҪֵعһӾУģ롣
ɴأXᣬרƣǳ¶ΪԺ󣬻ھʡòȥ鷳
˵ˣҲȷʵûҪԼĶȥʲô
ȻʼʮӣϵλĻֻлһʲô³
ҲǴˣһĻ֪˼΢΢ЩЦЦﾡɷģĵ¶һӶᷢءϾӣܹ죬ǲˣﻹܡ
ϵƶ٣˵һӾˣǺȵñЩκĴѾ벻ͷ
ּ״ϽߵūŹŮЩӻȥɣ·СЩ
ǡ̫๬ŮǴɷϲ
ڸ߸ߵĲϣֶٺúúȼͱҪˡ
ãӸ˵
䶼Ǿɵ˵ıӰʧڹǽսǴתͷӣʣЩ
Ĵ£ûȾƣתصڣСǶȥˣֻʣԼˣСϲ˰Ѷ¡
СղûԶٶȾˣҪҪԵ㡣
ӶƳˣҡҡͷԲˣ˴ˮϴϢ
ȺѾƵɣʡͷۡϴκǴΣǺܾûȹڶѹ˰죬ͷ۵Щ
Խ˰ѾƵ͵ʱ
һ˵ͷ
ӰڿϣɫӭСţūȥѾ
ڵ˶СϲĴ´ɨԺʣµıչΣûš
ִӿˤصذѱӾ˾ߣſ첽ȥ
Ժأ°ſСϵƬ䣬΢ĸоζȵķɺʣƽƽƽƬҲ˲һС
ȻȥƬһӰӵ߽ô˶ûС
ȥȻť»ϣ˵ť»һֱû붨Ǳʲô°סֽš
ߵıӾɣҲˣҲˣֻܸҺѾˡ
ť»ӣɲˣʰҪţ֪ҼӣҪ˵Щˡ
ǼСŮҰ˵ģ˹һֱģǵڶ 
ЦˣֻҪ˶
Ҳǣ㲻Ϊ¹ңť»ϵùŮǰ򿪹ŮĺӣǨ֮ϲȥҲ֪ʲôȻ֮ǰʢһĽ𷢱۵ˣСͦ˼ģ͸͡
ֻżһͲǴָһý䴮ŵĶʲôǾɡ
ť»ϰѽ䴮ŵĶһԱߵСťŻƵԲǵ̲һ뷢ɵ
ΪЩһԿʱ䣬ǸʺϵƷ
ֻԹǰŦϡ
ֻúֵܺǶֲʧ¡
˵ŻȥѾӻˣť»ˣ񣺡֪СˣūȥЩ衣
öˣť»ϰ֣ЩҪˣȶ˾ƣЩϢĺá
¶ΪȣȻҲ仰Լ⣬˳ŵū澾ͲˣСٺ
ţչ˽ɣҲˡť»һǲںЩģ¿ŹŮˣͺʱһӰȥ١
Ӱ˵ķһѾι֣Сȵûûն࣬ôűջЩ
һڵѾҲ֪
ū澾ҪһˣӴЦŵСǲڸ˻ϲûô̵ظ
ǽ˴۽磬ôö֪Сûǰһֺ̻һͻȦ
ūǻ̹ˣ
ǽһΣô̹
ֿӭϣ˵պġ
Ѿ㵸ӣҲ֪㣬׷ȥǻŵĲǲҪڼ뷨
ͣ˵ͣǳˡ
Сӵǲϲˣ
ֺɵҡͷ̸ϲҲᡣ
ĿǰֶXиܣǽЩ£ͷЩ춯
ѾֱЪϢˡ
ڶͷȻûʹƿ´ʶȴտյġ
ӽӣǶִأȡ·𣿡
ǴִɫѵõĺΪǼʯ²صóϵġ
һãȻūûȡƺū澷ȥʱģǲŴĶˡ
һƬģѴϱƿĴ˿ûУӵǽϸҰɣŴһأ˿ϧ
á
ϴߣȺš
ò˵˻ЩµģǸ죬ȴȻ̫ںʵƲͷ˿ⶼ͸
Ҫڽ죬Щ
ֳ꣬ըӣŴϡÿһڶóԵ˵Ŀߵ֪꣬ҲȥĶӵĵӸҿԺʲôͰŵܺһ֣ȴ١
Сϲأӵ֮ǰ֪ı£Ժõó棬ֻҪǰģˡ
ȷǿϧˣôõļԣҪûͽƾҲеġ
*
лҪ˵


100 
˵ļĥĶ ƽջ壬вɵúá
ţ񵥣 ٰѶ⣬ ͷȫX͵Ƕѿⷿѵģܰ˵۾λ
ǰڳ¸ļҵǰֻëëꡣ
ָ֧Ƕʯɺͷ 乤ǹеģ ֻںͷܿĶ֧Ƕʯɺͷֵġ
ȡ֧ͷʹ֧ɡ
ͷӴӿⷿճⷿţ ûߵһɫӵ̫ʹɫȹСϲ 񣺡ūŸ밲ūٹ̫ߵģ صط̫
ͷһ٣ ̫XĠdʱĸס
˹֪ ô󹬴Ȩƹ̫Уʺ󲻹Щ΢ĸ°ˡ
ҲǰЩʱʱߣ ٹűǿг忪 Ϊ˺Xš ̫ŷŻ֮ܺ¡
ǣ ֶ˵ ʺ´ܵǯƣ շʹˣܹܻݵصǸʺūΥ¶ʵǲ
ūȥٹʾһ̫˼
ʺںһֱıʣ񸮲˻Ҳȥٹʣ̫ǳӦġ
Ȼȡٹּ̫µķŷЩ
ԺҲˣʺȻǻʺ󣬵滹и̫
ʹ̫ͻšҲЩ˿ɵġ
һССĹˣȻ˵ȥ̫ҵ̫ȥ
С̫˵ˣǹˣǲô׹ĹأūźʾʾأԺ˭ס˷ӡ
˵ţſһߵǰ
һͷͷа𣬴ŵĺɫȹʽҲϣͷֻһΣ׶ĳࡣ
񣬵ūٹĹˣСūƱǡ
ףҪˡ
̫̹أ˵ȥ˭ҲϹصĵطȷʵڶŵµͷһҰõãԹĹȻ㲻ס
ӣȻȸֻл̫ֻǲ֪شĶʼѧֲӳ檱̡
һһ۵صǾͿʼɣڶ࣬Ҫд꣬ѡ
ŮӣҪ֣ߵףף򸣣񡣡
֮˲ͬϲͬҪеҲͲͬ
磬ߵһԣش󳡺ϻлʱ򣬶űԼλݸߵеġ
ǽȴߵʼѧ
˵Ȼʾֻȶɣȹȹȥٹȣֻ밴ڵϣͷߵϣߵ
ֵߵż򵥣Ҳ򵥣ҪƯùɲףһãͻʧǣ⵽ǳ⣬
Сһθū
ò˵ЩڹʮеȷʵĿɾ䣬ûһ˿һĶࡣ
ֻûйߵԴղĶϸϸһ飬ԱߵĿյһ
ͷմأֵˣóСǵһߵǺ£ܱ˼Ĵģپס
һδʾһδѧ֪ߵﾹȻôѧʣƨɲܾţȥⲻƲҪӿǫӿɢ
żķ綼Щ
ֹϥһδڵϣϸϸۡ
ϥڳǻؾصĲƽްȴܲסˡ
Ųӣߵߣκιضһܳɵģڶ࿴СЪϢȻٸūѧ񡣡
Ĳغ˿ֱϥߵԱߣӺСϲϽ̫ʦȦΣ£Ϣ
СӺСϲΧߣ϶¶ɫ
ּ̫⣬ʺǸ˵ʲô
ֶһڣŵסҪѧûôˡ
ӺСϲһҲһȷʵǲеҡ
Ϣ˰յĹߵԺеĿյϣִȦվմߵ̨ף˿һƮɵϸ꣬ԽԽƣۿžҪסǡ
̧ͷⳡ̲꣬סЦЦүҲڰء
Ҳⳡ꣬뿪˵Ǹ̫Ȼãּ̫ǶҲÿŵСѹѧȫ˲ǡ
Ƶ⡭ǲá
ЩֱūŵҲûʲôСȴһиʲôҲѴ̡
⻰˵ģǲѕС̫ŲӣūſСǸĳ࣬Ķô׾вã㻹Ǿ̹أȥ̫︴
ƣ
ֻܶߵԺվ̨ϵֶСǾͼѧɡ
һЩζˣȻٹģ̫̫ʵӣЩԼʼٹūţԼһҲĿŵ
ֳƵã˵ͷû˵ʲôߵС
ˣϸתСΣֵͷʪεδʪ͸ļͷ
ģ˵ֱת£ǣϵÿһ궼Ϊ⺮ӷѹ塣
ɫ԰ף촽ûһѪɫ˵ģ˫ֽڸ΢΢Цǰͷ˵㡣
ϣƵҪˣֻԼ֪ڴŲʪ·ŵ΢΢
գգ۾ëϵգ
ͻȻһߺƱֵϼݵ
ֽȥվŵӺСϲϵĿɫͼ˲ƣ嵽ǰ񣺡ūߵϣ꣡
Ů̫ҲŹڵԺʮͷ
ˣ֪ԼôģľľվǶ
X߽Ŀδڵϵūź͹Ůϣǿ֡
ʪ͸ĳϣϸӣխһƬϸϸģpiguԲЩЩʣXǶĴжô֮
һ߹ȥߵǰ
ֶ檸밲򸣽𰲡

лϡ
ѧأǻףֻXͷֱ㵽Ƕ
̧ͷX԰׵ϻˮ
X֣ʳָ̧̧°ͣȻЦ֣޲ЩСƢô˾ƻˣ
Ҫϸ檸ּ⣬ʲôܷƢʲô˲ԷƢ
XֱŰָĴĴָȥָ°ͣ۰䣺Կɡ
*
лҪ˵


101 
Ա߲˲ ͻȻЦݡ
ǱЦþˣ滨 ֽ 
XͻȻֽӵϱһļ米һ䣬׳ֱ۽ø߸ߵġ
ʶסĲ ٵͫ΢΢ɴ
X ֱȥؿȵģҲȵģһֵƤϣ ӡǡ
ͻȻñŵĵطȣȵÿҪܲˣ ̲סҪƿһЩԼȦϣ ಽİˮ ԡȻȥֵĳŦۡ
ʪȻݸůůӣǴԼ· еֵֹģҪԼ⡣
XҲǿ ſ֣ Լġ
䣬 ۺɫĳӵԱߵĿϣ ں۽ǵء
ſӵ ʡϡҲҪԡ
Ūʪˡ
Ȼˣ ֲǲµĳ仰ǳ·ϵˮ
ʵX˵Ҳ仰˼һԼЩֵֹġ
һֹԲ۾̲סֱһչ£ԼĻ
Ų̧ԡͰˮ̫߽ºͷȥŮվһԣҪźԡ
ƽԡӣһŲҪXļɵý˽
XŮ£ֱһˮС
Ⱥˮ˲֣̲ס۾
ͻȻһЩҵXָץϼӲ⡣

ֻøһþúþòŴǱĸоعڹŮź´µXʵֲһʳ˼̻Ĺ𻯵ɵXôܷ޲ýˡ
廹ؼŸղſֲĸоһ룬Ͷ˶
ȻµXɵ˴ϡ
ҪϢ
X۾
񵽱ˡ
ڵıӰһòЦ
Ĵӱ¶һ˫۾ȴոջ˵X۾촽ֱֱţޱҲϲղĻþ
ĬŻԼĺôX
ӼXһۣ֪Xúã۷ɾһ㡣
ҲͱԼ
СβͲɵ˦˦۾
ӿ
ǱѵģԵXĺ󱳺ͱִŵĵطһ㺹
оԼӺȵĺ֪˯Ҳ³
XǺεȾѵˣֵĺһ쳣ѹˡ
ϵһȻ
źİŶϴþߵĹŮ룬ϴĵĸɾ·
XʱһۣūŻԺôÿԼ
˵꣬Ŵ뿪
뿪űڴϹ˹ͬź洺߽ӣЦ
֪ЦʲôִӱӾɫ߶𣿡
ѧǵʱˣܽǶˮ
Ȼôˣ
ɲǣҪҪȥūţɽޡ
̫Xһ͹ģXûȻֻܹš
̫൹ҲˣǸƣֻĺá
ӸԼ£һ˫ƽ׵Ьӵ¡
棬ߵˣأεδ˻㱽죬׼˼£ֻǱһ㼦Ƥ
Ժŵ̫Ƹ˵ûһɵĵطɭϵˣŵ嶼Щ
̧̫ͷǫصͷ
ֵǷּ̫⣬ҲΪԼӰ¶ѣֻºһЩͨҲ¡
ʵãҪ
ĻȻȴǿӲ˼ţҪôţҪôȻȥʲô¶˵
̫û뵽ϻû뵽ССĹ˻᲻ٹܹӣֵĿⰵźݶ
վū̫ģѧǲѧҪ̫׿ϣūȥʾ̫
áͷ
̫ߺ޲ѣ˵һĻҲˡ
ӿ̫Ͳ˳ۣһΪжӲĹͷҲˣС÷ߣǰȹϵˣʡĳˡ
̫൹ˣǸȴǸ֪ģʱЩչˡ
ɻ󣺡ūôûչˣ
ֵ˾ҪչˣҪȻҪòۼҪ㶼ܿǸ̫ͷˡ
ʲôûģС˵ǿ϶ˡ
ǵū澰ҪȹϵĻջأֻǸ̫ġ
ֺСϲЦˡ
Ƣ˵ɵɣеС˵ȴֻһ
ֵȥɣҲʲôٹλʲô˵ҪѧҾѧҪѧҲˡ

Ѿ˹۾ŵĵطٹȥ˻·ϣ֪ϢྐྵӶﰵˬġ
ǰ϶˭һﶼƽģûûдҶûУá
أԴһϺһˡ
ÿ󹬵ĴˣȫǶȥˣ˵ǰ¶ֺ忤Ⱦ׷صظô棡
ǵӶڵѪֻԼôͲסλ
˵̫λԼЦû
ǲŸûȥˣǼ˱˵
ȥ״̫ڹУ̫ڻˣȥ˻˿ŲȥٹͷӰѻ
ֶ̫ŮüһεḶ́쵮С磬üҫȻĵλٹȻͨãֱ
һȥͿĸǰūţԼӡ
ƹūţ̫˸񣬡̫ĸȥūţճ檿õģ¡
̫Ϊķһ˵Ǳ꣬ݺһưøˣлϳҶ
üɣЦһ£̫ĸջǲ֪Ǹʲôˣ밲Ծķˣ֣
*
лҪ˵
Ѿɾ˺öˣٹˣҲû취ˡ


102 
̫üëݺһ壬 𣿡
ɵ檲ϴģ֪ʲô˹͹ˣ ôҶΪõã ؽ˹
üɣǱˣ̫ôһ˵**ֲ֣ãҾ˵˭ڹ꣬ Ҫ Ҳ˵ͨˡ
̫֣ڹж꣬òŮӲ֪֪Ǹжϲ
ֻһƵģ ̫Ҫɣˣ ĸ¡
һʮϸ̫ĸαô̧
̫ббƲһۣҪǸϸ Ҳ󵽰ǰ ðҸıߡ
̫ĸüɣŽţˡ
ˣ ̫󱻻ϺֲӣҲͷϣ ʱ򰧼Ҿ͸˵ ӣ øλݣ أ ˣ ﻹݶ𣬽а˵㡣
üɣίϱ󹬣ҲΣڱǸ˲ţ˳һʮȥʺУҲûȥ˵Ĺ
Ҳ
ȥͲȥãȱ˶༸֣ԼŬֵ˭
üɣ̫ҰοģοûŵǱһ̲ͨסᣬץ֣̫ĸ檸ô죬һ뵽־ܣֻ
ôԼֶŮ̫һˣٿƯСͲƯˡ
ָ̫֡ķ飬Ҫúóѳѡ

ǳõͱһһֱͣǽѾһϸϸ̦
̫ȥٹ˵ǰǳˣԷ𷨶Ȼͨ˵˵ľС⡣
ֽ˲٣ȵؽȥ
ЩΣ뿴̫ʰ˴̡
תۣ̫˹Ҫ̫׼٣͢ԱķҲҪ׼١
֪¶־Щڴ˺˶ҪԴһѾСȥ֪ôˡ
ױ̨ǰž﹬Լ̲סӣ˵˻ϵó𣿡
ϵóӺܿ϶ص
ǾͺáҲ֪ڹΣϺͳʵȻеСۣȴмܲס¬ĳ
Ϣػ඾ɾӵҩѾһûз
˵ʱԽԽ࣬ϣˣϺͳʵ
ϺϻãһܼһΣϺͳʵⱲӶûĻˡ
ӸͷϵС̺Ͷүˣ
һʵӲһȻȱԺֱ¬ˣֻнڽڰ˵ķݶ¬ϻһѲʷҸ磬Ϻͳʵ˿Ҳûʲô˸ǳ
һ뵽⣬ܡ
Ҳ֪˵ʵ֪ĶοͻȻС´ӦڹأҪȥҳ´ӦҪҪ̶ү㶫
Ǿܵģ˲鵽һҲ˵塣
Ů˼ֻͬҲۣûʲôա
۾һôû뵽Щ
˵ִӺһŮȥҳͥ˵ĳͥ۾͵غˣ촽ССҡ˲ٶЩʡ
תݣܿһӳ򿪺ȫϷõĨԼӵҺɰŮŻӡ
㲻һһϦõģǴӽǻˡ
ͥۿģС仰ڹܺãҪǲҪǹҡ
ֶٽŮ֪˵ʲôźããǿЩ˹˵λݣЩ񸮵ūżֽãһ
Ҿ㲻˿һӦķж٣Եñеôˡ
ĺӣģЩһ׵˴С
лСͥɫήңϴǿЦݡ
ʵ治ǰһﻹЩ
źӣֺӳߡ
߳ķΧͻȻᣬʮ˾ͣʵڲӦ˷
ɳ´ӦȥôأǻҹŮˣ˵ܳȥǳȥˣҲҲõĹޡ
ŮӲƽֵƾʲô檻٣ŮӲһؾҪָָ㡣
ӣֻȢһһӴá
СȢū澰ɣūźˣŮӿ϶Ը⡣Ӵյߡ
Ŀ¶ɻ󣺡Ϊʲô
ӺٺЦôÿһվֻԵóˡ
ƿСϲõûѧԼѧ컬ˡ
صСϲǸӷźãȻμ̫·óһ١
ڶ죬˸磬߶ûʲôʱ򣬾ѾϴϣŻȥٹ
һ·ϲˣưĹŮ̫ࡣ
ٹ㿴λݵɰλݸߵͣ
Ǖˣȹ˹֣ɵͰ֣ӵ֡
ɺǲԸģͷŤһߣҲԼȥ˵ƨɣԹԵغϵĲ衣
أŵԽԽ࣬ӹĹԱҲʼ
˺Ҳͬһһ粻ʱˣʹԱҷˣЩҲû˸˵ʲô
˵ٹǰͣס˺˵Ļͷ߽ȥ
ڽˣѬ˱濴žʵɹŮԼȥλϣͻȻɢĿ͵һۣǴ
ֶ֡촽˶ǿԼȥ
Լ۾Լ˻þ
Ǹ˻ǶҶЦЦǼֵģֻǴ˹ѺͷΡ
ǣֵʬģҲۿװ˹ײģ̧ʦҵķˮġ
ҡҡͷ˰벽
Ե˲˳Ŀ⿴ȥҲ͵һ٣ͷˣǣǲǡ
ǲҵĻþǲǣôˣ
˲˼飺𣿡
˶ܹȥ˵˵̫ٹݲ˷򣬲ԼѣҲҪð
ԼǱ߶࿴Լλϡ
֣𼱣ֻҪȷʵˣǻӣūǶ֪ġ
ǡǡ˵ֲЩμԭôˡ
߶ԽԽڵĽ˼ǡִ̫ϣЦݵ߳
*
лҪ˵


103 
ڵɻǹԱ վй񣺡檣ݼ̫̫ǧǧǧǧꡣ
ȳϣʺϱǹ Ͼ̫һһε ¡һЩҲӦġ
˹ݵ̫ƺܺãֵ̧ɣ붼ˣôڣ û֡
ֵĻʺʶֲ Ҷڻʶǰ⣬˼Ҹ˸ˡ
ˣÿ춼ˡ̫üЦ·һ̫̫ ɨһ۵ٵˣ ֻҪǶúõģҾˡ
ˣ ҽպͻµõĕʮͶԵ û뵽Ұĳˣ ȴʮ־ͨ𷨡
ˣǰƣ ǲ۵ĵض
㵽ûĵ ֻǰȥ ¸񣺡檸̫밲 ̫ʵ̧̫ٳ檣 èĹ̫ȣ ӱ֮£׳úܡ
ƣ˵ǽ˰ĿԹûҪӽЩʱղҲʱڸǰź򡣡
һˣȻ̫ôҪĳһΣҵĿⲻɵÿվڵмĕϡ
ֻλܻϲĕһˮɫ£Ʒɫƣϸٺʲ
һЩݸߵ֮Ѿӱ߽߱ǽ￴ֵȫòˣ˶ȼˡ
˾ȻԾϳһģһȫǸģġ
ٷ˶ϵֵģڳ¸Ĵϱ񣬿̫̫ǴΣȥ˶լֵݣľɫӡ̣Ƕѡ
ˡ
ЩȳģOO@@ص˺Ϸ񡣡
ϵ̫ƣ˺ͰһҲѕ˺Ͽۡ
˵Ϸ˺ͻʼҲԵԾڵʱ϶ûʱȥ¸ˣȴʱٳ¸ˣ컯Ūˡ
ƾôľ֣ԾڵǱղ۾ɡ
һʼԱǻ䣬ľû˸˵ˡ
̫⻰˼ôֵֹģ˵ǸȥڳԾŵʱ˾Ծ򵥡
ɲ룬Ҫ˾֣ǡΪŮɱ˵ĳӡ
ڵչܵʱվ̫Õֻǳˡ
̫Ī㵹вͬļ⡣
Ͻã˽ǰƵڶû˸ҳƵһ
ߵָǰΧתһȦ̫Ȼϳ񣬵ȴϣһͨ͸Ͼˡȴʮĳˡ
ڵĹԱ˿͡
ô죬ܲ˳̫Ļ˵βɣǲԼǻ
̫ϵЦݱЩ˺֣۾⣬ҶͿ¶㿴ˡ
æƲңֻദöˣ̫¡
̫һۻȥɺڱϣ˰׼ﶼȥŲǰͷչ׼ȥϷȻϯ
ոձΧ۵Ҳվߡ
ǰ˶һҲ죬ܿ䵽˺ͷԱĶȻԽԽ
֮䣬ˣҷ˸ϵѩ귭Ƕѩʲôʱлᣬ߶߶ˣǶסЩʱ򡣡
ȥǨֱ˴ӳ¸󣬾סѩǶԸѩõĵض羰ۼ
ӵһ۾˺ɫС𣬸ϵѩ궬ҪúôɨһСʲôʱȥԡ
Ƕסһˣ˲ڣ֪òá
ֵͷãá
䣺侭Щ˵¶չ黹ڣ㿴һŻתһȦ
ȹΣմɶ˵һμǻ
յرסᣬ΢΢ס֣˵º©ֻͷ
˿ɢ飬ʵûԶľ룬ܿ죬ˡ
ĿޱȵĽشĽջ߻ϻʺټϷϷŽЩֵĴˡ
ֺ˸ظԵλӣֻľѲ֮ͬǰ϶һЩϸԲЦ
㳩ʼϷÿ̨˦ˮ㣬̬չǰͷ̫̲סкá
ƽѵʲôֵҲĿת϶ж˼ׯء
ͻȻΪ˷ļͷкõʱ򣬼ϷûĽ˵עֻƺʮƳXڲϣĹŮ̫ӵйأڸǾء
ֵһοӵȴзӸ߲ʣǾД֮ɴ֮
ͣͣ£XûҪ̫Լŵӵ̫࣬Ӳ
Щɺ͹ԱȻҪ񣬿ںꡣ
ƽ
лꡣ̫ʺԼλǰȻûǰգĵվڸ˼Զĵط
X̫ǱߣЩ΢
ܵȸ̫Ȼ̫ϲʲôϷ
̫ˣˣ͵ûһˣʵǲӦá
XĻͷֻԸó˻һϷǺʱصĿ
̨Ѹٻϵ̫ɫѿ˼֡
XԼʲôôһԼݵӣ
ʱѲԼЩǱ˵ӣֻףҪ£Ŀ⿴Լ·Լ˿Ÿ߸ϵӡ
ԼֻҫʱǻжãǼλľҫʱԼܡ
Խ룬̫Խֻǹǰǿ˻һ˷ͷͷ۲ˣþٻذɣȻȥɻ
һ˵ܣʺ͵˽ѯʣ̫ڰ֣˿XлǾͺúɡ
˵ţԼĹ뿪ˡ
ԭ̫٣̫ȥɺ
رǣǻãǶǻϵŮˣƽں󹬼Żϣܹڻǰƣ࿪ˡ
ۿŻϱǶݺݺΧĬߵߡ
˹޹ֺô˱ȥΣ˭Ľ
˱Ļŵˣס졣
ǿǻϣΣ㵱ײأ
ҲЦˣɲǣһ˵ȨĻϣֻб˰Ľġ
أ˴չʡ
¡
*
лҪ˵


104 
ֶ һӣװǹͿҲǹ ҪԼÿģ úԼ⡣
˵Ҹռ޸ǻ˿ͼӣʲôûУŴţ˼־Ͱأ ڣ ҺѾ˭Ҳ벻˭
֪˶ԼʵģЩҲķθ֮ԡ
ǣXҪŮ˾жŮ˵ˣ ֵ
Ǹ˳ӻûƺãȻԼǱߡ
˵Һڻûⲽأ ԺҲһ ż
ǣ ż֪ϺһƾԼҵļȰ ȴַܰXϡ
 Ӧ˵û˰ϡ
󹬵Ůˣ ǰעǰӵģ ҪѼĽ£ ̤
¶ Ǿģ ߳ԵĲЩõĲЩҲڹá
ѳɶ֣Ҳֻô룬ô
˵Ż˵˵ž˵Ϻͳʵ
˺ü⣬ԼôڴΣĵĳ»Ļˡ
֪ͶӹϵãߺҾסҵׯϣʵˣÿ»𡣡
ֵͷǣӶãȻЩЩӬͷСǴǰסĳ
ʵЩȻ࣬Ŷ壬ԼΪ׼򡣡
ǣӶȤˣ˵ҪƫҪ˵ҪǲҪԼȥҵطסӶסԼׯϣ֣岻ʱľȥǣͣԵõģ۸񲻸ߵʵʵڵϡ
ֵߺױ䵽ʲôûʣ£ͷչˡ
ʲô˰ڰ֣ǴãҾʹǺãǰЩϺͳʵ˳һط˵Ҫ¥⡣
ǹܸɣÿųʵۿűǵУѾкüУȢȥƼҷˡ
»ͳͥһ룬һѻãһ浾
ȻӲͬһֱܺãûѡ¶Ѿ׼ˡ
»Ҳǰͷˣ߶Ƽ̫̫ԼԺӣʹտʼЩӣĥĥͷ
ֻгͥܳҲò˳裬һ⹬һȥˣҲϢġ
Ļи˵Ҳ̫һ
ڽ˵ҵĿⶼڻǶע⵽ǡ
ûһX뿪˳԰ʺɺ͹Աǳϯôɢˡ
ȸ˴кſڵʱȵȣ͵㶫ȥϺͳʵ
ɢ˺Ӻ͹Ů첽ùŮѶȥ
£ûüȿˮ߶ͻȻܶСϲЩСʺջؾʹεˣ̫ҽԺ̫ҽȥˡ
εˣʣϢô𣿡
ֲ˻ôڽĳʳʲôЩ˶ˣûһµġ
ҪΪʳ£ס
СϲҡͷûС
ֵūȥŷ񸮵ʱ򣬾˵ʺҪҪµƵʸߺܶࡣ
ҲʺεԵɣ֪ʺͷѹ̫ƽﰴչذ£񸮶һȻöƵʸЩֻ˵ҪҪ
ֶˮһڣ¾ˣҲǵ¶ĵȥġ
ͶĹŮȷ϶͵ֱ˯ˣڶȥʺ밲
Ȼͱʺߵָ֪һö𾪣˾𾪵ϢʺѾУˣ
һ̹ϲﻹ˵ŵȻʺİҪʲôĽȦð
ɺϲ
ɲüɣȴɫ࣬˺һŸɰͰ͵˵˾䣺檸ʺϲˡ
һЩû˵ġĿǰӵĻʺȻԼĻӣ̫֧µϺλԼĺӳΪ˳ĵӡ
ڣﵽңңڣһֱӵĻʺȻУôƽϢĵǹʧظС
üɣɫŻʺĶӣԼС
ô
ôͲԼ
үôôۣ
Ǽûע⵽ļʺͷߺޣҵĿⶼһڻʺĶϡ
йӣҪˡ
*
ЋiҪ˵


105 
ʺX׶һֱûж Ҫǹûرóӣʺûô̹
ڣһУ ˲Ťת˾档
ʺòУ عµȻҪ밲ûţͶɢȥ
ڿλã߳ʹţ ɾͽסˣ һ߰ɣñȽš
ֱվס˼粢ȥ
ɵû뵽ʺȻˡ
ϳһʮ嶼ڻʺǶ ҲģйӶԻϻʺҪ ޵ӣʺӦҲҪ̻ӵԼϥˡָۻ û̫ĸоԼ˵ģ йӲǻʺĶӣȹ̽ɽһöӣ һǰ϶Ĵ֮λߣֻҪ⣬ Ľɽ̳С
Щ뷨˵ǻϢ ӹ֣ лûжҪ
ЩӶ˼⣬ ȥһͷԺǻ ֵɫ ʣôôƶԼأѵ㡭
ֵͷӦɻ󣺡죬Ե
۾΢΢ɴû뵽Ȼ汻ԼˣɵЩǰ֡
ٵóĳջᱻòʵ˴棬гʱλиðʧ̫֮Ѱˣرǵóʧʱرľܰѹ塣
˵ʲôοĻо˵αãֻԺ߶߶ڹи·Ƕù
֪οԼ˿ʵﲻΪ˻Ů֮עֻвˡ
ˣ˼ʺƺܲ졣
ɵǱۡʱľˡ
ʱϺܲʻ̫ĳ谮ӭȢʺǰѾ̧รһǱһǡǱۡˮɡ
òÿ³гĴȱ࣬ܿУµʱ򣬻Ȣ˻ʺ󣬻ʺŵĵ£Ѿ˸´ɲ֪ô£ϵȥߣˮ
һЩ˵ÿǼ죬·ߵ˶ʺӡ
˵Ҳ֣ÿ¶ȥʺǶʺһֱûУɶ˵
Щ֣ɵͻʺйϵ
һ⻰ʶ˿ѿľʹյߣ⻰Ҳֻǲ׽Ӱˣиԣ˵ʺߵĹŮ磬ײɣײòأֻɷǸŮʮ¡
ֲ˵ǲ׽Ӱ¶ֻײһ£˵ʲôأɺŵĴţŮ¶˵ҲǴʳġ
ɵͷɲǣҪǻʺһֱӣûʲô˼ǵˡ
ʺͻͬ꣬Ѿʮӳ׵ڣѾʮ꣬Ȼϲ˵ѾĬϻʺˡ
Խϲô𾪡
ɣгһ⣬Ϊʲôء
˹ȻǸˣñҲϲЩƣʽס
ʲôף˵ãȾѪ鳼檲ȰԼĵ߰ڳ
ɵˣʵĶҸڻǰ˵ûϾжϻܸɣֻҪ¸ɵӡС
֮ǰ˵
˴Ų֪ӳҲкбģûʲô£ֻҪǵ㸸֮飬еĲ¶Ĳ£ӺЩСǰʺӣ¡
֪ԼòڣָXรԼܲʻ̫м־飬ܲʻ̫˶ӳռϣѾûбӡ
ָǵնϡ
ҪһСģܾͳ˵ĵʯǰ䡣
ɼֲ˵˱֤ʹгһչ˲ƽգҲ
˼ˣöӣһ
Լó谮·ԺӸԼϡ
ò˵һϾԼǰ϶顣
һ㣬λεڴϵ⡣
뵽Լڹ׷˵Ǿ䣬֣ڴĦ޵˼ǲǡ
Ǹ˲²Լ˼ˣϲ˵Ѿ˴
ֶɵˡλҵӵĸ
ɫûôɿ죬˲࿼ǿǣ
ֽŵ𼱣檻û˵꣬Ȼ檵˶ӵĸԾӵͣӦҲܼϵġ
ڶڻǰʲô̶ȣѲǳ檿ƿصġ
⻰һ˵ɾһ·һЩΪ֮ԼϵΣս͡
ȻǲԸգҲôᣬǱԺͶ߶ˡ
壬źá
ǰͷߵĹŮ̫ľ룬˵Сֻ˴˵
ֿӺСϲ
СϲǳĬǸȴʣСղ˵ʲôأ
СϲʣֱʵԸ棬ϲزס¶ʣֻ˵ģԺŶǽơ
ŶͦɰģøЩƣرͺͱӡ
ţ
컹úܣִȥ˯

һߣʢˣԴϺͳʵȫҵٽֵӿ¥˸ɾһһ㡣
һ˷Ĳ²ʣȻúȥò˷ȥ»Ƕˡ
ΪæȻ죬һЩû˴Ѿ߽֪ôæҾˡ
һϽĻƣæҲȱ˵ʱ䣬ȥүС˵й͵ˣˡ
Եģɣⶫһ˿ȽϺá
ע⵽Ѿﱧһӣɵú棺ˣĻ
˴ѾѺùŵϣ̫չЩԱҪȥи̫١
һˣҪҰЩ㡣
ˣͷˮԼʲôˣֻԼǡ
ϵⶶ˶ǣǶŮ𣿡
ǰ̫̫˵ܸ̫ٵģǹϵλݣѵͥΪˣͥѾһˣѷ˶ԹǧãԼĹǶûκѶҲˡ
ҡҡͷȳʵһ˵ɡ
䣬ʵͳ»ʹӺǶ߳ʵǸԲԲضصģֻǱڳ¸ʱһЩ
»仯ĬԵʱżЦһɾб󳤰ȹδŮӵķ٣һܸɵĹ
*
лҪ˵
ĵ


106 
ϴʱ˵мҶý࿴ Ȣ»ȥƼ̡
ϺͳʵھôһŮʹ˼֪һֻ¥⣬ ׸ͻؾýˡ
һ˶ˣ ˰ѺƵǰǹĕ˲ģǕ˸һЩͳ´Ӧ⡣
ʵͳ»һʱΪͥڹ˻ϵĳ谮˹ˣ ˽ŵǸ´Ӧ ײˡ
ңţʵЩĸеζ
Խй֮⣬ ɼڹﵽλһ㡣
ȴ˶
Ϻͳʵг»ԺĶ漫ˣȲؽӴ򿪡
ֻһһĻֵİӣ õϺõĺϣ񹤾տ ɰˡ
һЩŮҵֹ ĨԼҺɰ
Ůֽ̳ģǵĻϤ һ֪ǳͥģ ͵ؽǸĨץ ߬š
ͥ ͥġͥʵŮ һЩ Ͳزסˣ Ҫǹ˼˻Ѿųʵһ
»Ҳһ٣ѡǻyuwangóͥҪŨңѧصʱ˺ǮС̫̫࣬ϲãΪѡΪˣϺͳʵԼ
컯ŪˣԼǧ׼ûѡóͥȴ˹ĴӦ
ʵʱ»ЩףԼõײĶء
ʱţ¶ˣٵŸĸһ¥»ЩǾˮлҸҪҪ
ùǸԼ˵Ҫ鷳ûµûš
һϺͳʵг»ŻŷֺӵײһҶӡ
һƬҶӸʵŮ»ˣˣ͸ǰɣ˵Ǻηʥ
˵ŵùһˣҲûš
˰Ǹϵ㿴ͷǸŵ֡
ͷˮѰӷֻˮͷõİӵײпһʷ漫õċ֡
ôֻ꣬һϤòϤһЩòסİӣð䵽ϡ
˫ĿԲɣİӣٿˣġ𣿣
ĪΣ
ռǻҲΪԼΣֱ˵֣ȷġ쵽ڣ˻еԺ
ӹû˯ԴȫԼֵģ
ݣЦѣ·Ĳӡ
ĶԾǼٵġ
Ⱥò׻񣬲ŷԼûͶϺͳʵһܵ¥
˿϶Ĵ𰸣ϲ˼ؽİӣǣԿ˽׵ģҲԿŹľ˵ϡ
˼֣û˵ԼҲ֪Ӻδ˵ЩҲ˵ˣպҲø˵ֻЩܣֻ¸ֲ̫̫ˣֻЕˡ
Աߵĳʵûӵ׵ċ֣˵һչô¡
ϰѰӷŵ棬ȳʵղǰĿɿڴ˫ֺʮлүлүͷһ׮¸ˡ
̫̫ڹҲܷһЩԳͥĹһ̫̫Ӻãܻһġ
һϢϺͳʵɾʮ㣬¥һƬæ

ӻӿƽס
ԴӻʺУøͣ밲˵ʺЩˣҪԴϢʵûʱӦ
Ҳ֪ʺ̥ǲ̫һ㣬µ췭ظᵽĲУûζҲУڵþʹūŶҪƣ֡
ۿ˷һһȣȵ㷲
ȫ벻˱ϯĿϣ̫ҡű
üǱӵģĸɶӣС»߽ش˸ǧūŸ밲
ɣôȵʲô¶ҪһˡСС»ͷĴ󺹵
С»Цϲ죺ȣҲҪС¶Բ˲УϿͣʰʰȥԲ԰
һڣ־ˡ
ûʱԲ԰Ĵʢѵıʥأȵ۾ʮϲȥԲ԰ÿһľȥŻعʱ䶼סǶ
ֳǸãϽʰ
С»ӿֶԲ԰ĻϲˣҲЦŵСʰţūŸˡ
ãͷС»ӹˡҪȥǺҲҪȥһЩ룬ǲ֪ϻЩȥ
ڶ죬ָϴϣƣС»Ӿʹִ̧Ķ࣬ʮѺЬ࣬ͷΣԼƽõŵĶ
Ҳ̧С»û뵽ֵĶô٣ʣСʲô©ġ
ûˣҪ˵ǶһһЩô·ء

С»ӾԼǰĲǰ׵ˣǰЩĸһһӣ޲ðȥСȴã¡
С»˰̧ţΪ·ſȥ
ϳȻСһͷ췭ɣǰ£ŸͷƷǷ
ǰŵģXXûϣǴһǧ̵ĳһƥͨīͷһ״ɫëļýĴϡ
Xƽյ̫һ˸η塣
ֿ˿ΧС»ӣأ𣿡
С»ЦûˣֻС
СϾҪˡ
̧ͷϵXͷƺ΢΢ƫƫϽС»ӣ̫ıȥ
ȣˣյö
ѵȥһԲ԰ολ˭ȥϾɵĹǰЩԲ԰еġ
ǶûôϣطҲȹСĻȻͶࡣ
ҵȣûݵּ⣬ֻÕһ˸ȥϢ
ˡ
ʹʺ̫Ϣ԰׵ɫһ㱡ĺ죬ڿϣһЦǳױֻ꾫ϣĵӶԺˡ
˵꣬ؿڵĶĸɫȻ䣬ԱһֱվŵĹŮæ̵۴չ
˺һˮ²ˣϲŻرַͷϡ
ֵǧҪ˺ǕٵóôһƬָ׶Ȳϣ˵ڻĿǴδĴ
ռŻϣϴ۾͹
ֵ֣ɱһҪɱ
ŭĶĺӡ
ȴƽ꣺һΣһΣûʱ϶˭һԴпϾͱˡ
֣»ϲ»ϰϱˡ
*
лҪ˵
дıȽƪһʼûпҪҪ⣬ֻдһ£һֵ˵һĹ¡
ддţµͷµ뷨
Сɰֻ᲻ԼĺӣʵһЩʱˣǾһԼĺӡ
ܲĵСɰʵڷǳǸûİдӣĺܲ˼


107 
ѣ 
XԶһĻϣǲһ ǸԼ
ۿɫԽԽѿ ֵҪѣúͼıһ±ǡ
̫ҽ˵ˣҪúñԸ ã СӲܺá
ִӦԼʺɫŻһЩɿץֱ۵֡

ܹķ˷ٴѾԲ԰ֶҲˡ
 Բ԰ڣ۾Ͳˣ Ϊȵۻÿ궼סꡣ
԰ڵ̫ЦŻϴΨһһɣ ڵ̰ͣ£ ߽˩СӣѵСעЩ£ ϲȵϣЩȲʵ
ִӼ޵ʢǾû Ĵ˷ˣ£ Ҵǰ
˵ţ ҲҪӷţ ŻߵСϣ źߴ̴֦ͺĹԼԶӰ̨ͤˮ鿣 Ϸ·һ⿪
һںźķ磬طˮ׵ֻӳƤ⣬˵۾λˡ
̫࿴ôˣվڵ̰һ
һӣ㿴ʲôأҡˡ
ǣСˡ̫͵ػ񣬸Ͻȥȫ⿪ųŴ͡
ūǲֱӵģղӣͷѾˣܱסͷһٷٲ˵ġ
̫಻ɵýųŴķ϶͵͵۽ǵȥλЦĲͷɵøһͷԹûϵԲ԰ǸǵˣƢҲû˵
һˮУ밶ߣǰȥ
ˮʳ͵̫ࣺȥĶ
̫æСūŽӵȥ̡
̣
ǣ̫࿴֪ûԲ԰æԲ԰һһϣ滷ˮԺ졣
Բ԰סǶ
ȵģһ˵滷ˮں룬ˡ
Уͷྵ̰һ¡
̫С̵ˣūžˡ
Ȼǵһūţ˵ͷȥһ̫͹ŮСϷԸס͸ԱߵĴ⻨
أһʡ
뵽̫ĻشˣЩӣϻûϴ͸ˣ˵СϢСһԷ
û뵽XҪԼԷһ˵ã̫ȥ⻨
ûһһ۵С쵽߽ǸɫӦĻּˣ۵ǧ죬ʤգû˷Ѵ⻨
ϲƯˣضֱĿϡ
Ӻ͹ŮҲϲˣһ˫۾Ķǡ
ڸǾɵ벻ʢĻ֦ĵû˻Ȼסڻ
ĳ裬ҲʮӦ
ϣ֧ӴĻ֦ǸõطסʲôҲסá
Ӻ͹ŮͻȻЦЦСɲӡ
ֵǡŻָָ֦ǣȻҪȻӲܳԷѣǳȥ䡣
ðСҪӶˣյģû˱Ķʲô
£Ǽɫģף׵Ьͳɡ
ǣСţū澸·
Ҳ˸ֳͷŴٻŷ󣬾ԴӽĴûôù
Ա·ӳ˵⸱ӣɵﴽȻǼ·ùŮȥСûôɹˡ
Ųӣȡ²ϵ⿪ӣԼӹֵһ˹Ƕ첻԰˭
ǹûоĺõط
Ҳǣ˵СūÿģҲĵýֻЩ߻
ӰԭȴǼ´Աߵļϣ£ٴ׵ˣԳȥˡ
߰ɣĶɳȥˡ
ԭȴǸŮҲһȥҸ԰ĹŮһȡ̺ÿĵط䡣
һ̾æӣָָЩ΢ݵX±ʣͼͷҲ̧ʰء
ĸ
һӾ֪X֣ոСżźˣ߿ȥˡ
ʱȥġ
ػϣһȥģҲЩҪش⻨ˡ
ᱳʹXû뵽ԼһҲܡ
վ˶米ȥ⻨
ǡ
æȥ
һǰһճ͸󣬾ߴߴ˳ȥִֻĸŮϵ·ʪ͸ˣϣﻹż֧ˮĻ
ˮľ֣ķ綼ġ
XǱȥ
ּæ񣺡檣ū澸밲򰲡
Լǰǽǧ̵۽ǣգգ۾ϵĿصúܣܲס
ͻȻֻΪϵĿЩһֻ쵽ǰ£ַŵֻ
X͸ȥֻﻹż֧ˮĻ
ûףXҪͷǾX̫ˣѰվǰֻӻ߼
X壬ϸöֻ࣬Ƕ⣬ʮyu
ͷ˿Xߵ˿Լϵʪ·ϣ檻ȥ·ɣʪĶɡ
æūŽȥ⻨С·
X޵·㴩

˵ʲôūûɣ
Ҳ··Լô
СͱŮֻչȾʱߵXǴΣҴææش·ȥ塣
֣檴檻ǻش⻨
˵X°ͣ۾ֱֱĿ
˵ܣܡ
ȡһ·
ǡֲ׼ԼڸʲôˣҪһɴԼ·ʲô·ȻСǰ̫ƽһ㣬ҲŮӲǡ
ܿ죬ȡ˸ɾºɫɴۣʶȤذŹϣԼվ⡣
ڣվڵϣϵɫµεδصˮ
Xվǰϡ
ֲ֪ҪʲôֻĪһߣ촽ͷⲱĿӣȻ£££벻òһϵˮXףȻϵɴۡ
֪ʲôʱýһ㣬۾Щȡ
βXϵ´֣ޡ
ֻ£̧ͷһ˫ɵ۾ˮ
Ů𣿡
ҡͷ
𣿡
ֳһ£ҲҡҡͷXֲֻ֣ŮӣҲӡ
𣿡
ͻȻ֮ϵģͷ롣
Ǻã㣬һƥʲôʱʲôʱ֣㴩ѵ˼
*
лҪ˵
Ķ


108 
XһԸ ʱ򶼲֪ʲôʲô˿̣ һҲXĳ ǲŮӣǲӣϲϲ
ģ׽塣
̽XϣŮӣ ӣ
Xͣٵص㲻Ѿ޴𸴡
ͻȻˣ Xֻ֣ؾκζӴͷ ҲԴȹ ͷ䡣
һֱŮͬŮһˣ լԺֺȻԼƮƮĸо
ҿԼϵۣ ųЦݣ۾Сǳ ղǴժʱͲˤˮˡ
ðԸߴ磬 ġ
áֻǾϵ·ĸо X˵ ȡͬõױ̨ǰ ͷϵͷˣ Ũĺڵͷһ øӹ̶ͷϡ
˰׵Ĳ߸ͷӢžİԼͣͣȥȡ׹ŵĶ
ͻȻָȥͱֲ֪ʲôʱֵסshire
ֲͷˮɵ۾ݶ
XɿĶ䣬óöʪĶŵֵ
һ뵽ôöȡģֵͺˣϽѶŵԶԶģһֵĻ̿
ͻȻXһַֻžˣһֻֽ⿪ողϵõ´ɿ·˲Ӽϻ¶䣬ѩ׵ģҪshenzi¶
ʶһ£Xڶ𣺡۾
ʡϡ檡
ʥּ
ǡּ
۾Xǧ̵ĳ΢һļshenziγǿҵĶԱȡ

¶ҹʱ
Ǵ죬ֱŪƣֲԼ쳣ĶԼĶҲһԼһ⣬͵ļӲġ
ӦûκҲѣһˣֻ
ȼ㣬Ũҵζһ˵ϺţҲŵζ
XߣֲԾʵĺȦ
״˯ŵXڣ㻹Ҫ

檲ǣûУ
Цˣ𣿣
ֻǶӶˡҸڣ濪⡣
ǻһڣŷԼĶˣӶ๾Уôһ죬εýֺ
Xﶯ˶ϣţԲ԰ʱ˵Ҫӣˮûȡ
û˵ǰͬ
Xƿ´ðźϴ
Ȼޱ˺ֵʱѾȥ⻨ȡֵ·ûС̫·£X͵ȡ޵·³ߴ磬Щӵۡ
ǡ
˻ڴϣ۾Ȼҿ˳͸߶̫ȥ¾ֵе·Ӷһݣӡ
С̫ȥǵ˰·ò׼ˣԼûɡ
ӣ
ӣ
ǳĳأ
Ը¶ֻҪհУС̫¾ֵ˻ȥȻϺ͕ţɰ¾ֵ˴ȥ
¾ֵŮǸʮŮӣ΢΢֣Բ̣иĳࡣ
Ÿɫϵ¾ֵСŮڵϸX밲ū澲μϣ꣬С밲
ϴŵX·ɫĵɴۣӵ°žƺͺˮơ
X·ǳ¾õʦЩʦǲɵȹģֻ·Ʒ
¾Ůٹŵʱ۽Ϳŵӣ·ʹС̫࣬һ˵Ǹ󹬵ĹʽӣһӦҲʲô
СǶǴҹ㣬Сʲôöû
˵ȻŮȹĲһ㣬ǰӵҪòÿǰװװѵ
һ뵽Լһ˾ض¶ŮͲþ
XԼȥ
ֿһȦɫĲϣ¾ֵŮ٣ʲôӵģвӣ
еģС뿴Ů׼ѻпʽͲϵĲõǰһҳ۷ĿʽСǴ°˵ٵö࣬һԲۺ֣ҲֻдбͶԽ󡣡
Լǲϲ۵ģòǶƣԵ˵ͷָŲԲͼӵģҲôб߲̫࣬ͺá
ǡŮٸ˵ʱſҪ۷Сʲô۾ɵֱˡ
빬͢ôЩ꣬òǵһμ˲룬ŮĪʣµˣ֮ô˴
ŮǿƽԾ˼֣ȵʱõޣɴͨ磬졣
Щǽ½ޣޣޣǱؽޣ֯ޣǼƥΪĻƣ򱻳Ϊױޡ
ҪСϲޣг񡢶͡˿֡
ܳģǵõģֲϲɫҲһȤζ
˿Ƶɫһɣޣˡ
ǡ
ӿʽˣ¾ֵ˱£ȡʱ°ס
ֿҪʼӵXҪæʲôʱŵϢ
ڿϣðǰȫX߷һӱߵ½С£С½Ŵ£ȻûЪͣʱ򡣡
ȥЪϢɣս˴ȥ䣬֮ǰǰˮ
˵ˮ־ԼɵǼ֧ˮĻ
룬ߵǱߣȣһɣȥϢ
һȣɳͶ࣬ǲľĵطǳȺӵġ
ȻѬ㣬мֻ©ģŵȼ·衣
XһۣʹŰɣȻ£磬޴ȥ԰ƥС˽ΧԵʱȥĵطһܡ
۾ˢˣ檿ԼС𣿣
ҪX
ϵЦѹѹסҪ
ôҪһ뵽۾۽޺ͺȺȵĶ䣬ֺ޲ھX˵ӡ
ȵøоˣ֪ذֳһǣ°ͣȥӵX
ϡ
ⲻ֪XXҲ
X˶ȣԼĳһЩֳһӸȥǱ߿
ָĿĽ䣬ͷˮ
Ǳȥˡ
*
лҪ˵


109 
ϲμǻӣ Ȿȴľĵ壬ſžʧȤָ˳ŽϵĻƻȦ
ûһ ˯˹ȥ
ڶѹ Լ˯͸ٴĿϣӵһ߿յģûXӰ
۵ȣƿ´ մ߳ȥ Сˡ
أʡ
Ͻһųڷ˽鳯ողɢūСûС
Լûʲô Щɻ
ǿɻ󣬵˵Сˣ ūŴȥ԰Ǳߡ
԰
һͳˣͻ˵С¶ ϼǵñء
æðźԼϴ ˴·ʱȴѣ봩ӵ۷ ֿݣX·ֳֿ ڵڴã ȥȴӡ
꣬ ĸɶС»ѾһɫԲԽɴ۽ ׵ĻЬ࣬ ҺɰȴһӦʲС ¾ҹƳģϲϲϲ
ɫǺܳɫдɾд
һ۷òϣŮӵȹ¾Ůȴɫһÿҹһף
һϲɫԼȴۺЬӣС»ӸԼͷڣˮҲˣŰȥ԰
԰ھ̣ԱߵһСϣһ˳˴ȥ̤ϵԶĸֽ
볯һX˫֣վǰһͤ
ִӵƽѥӣŲ΢΢Щ߹ȥ򸣣Լϵ۷϶ײģתתش˸ǧϼ顣
дǧĶ̫࣬ԼЩ
ŵİС»ӽһˣүүСе
XҲ벻Ͼ־㴩۷Լɣһϼ顭
ͷŨĺڵͷָŶ˶Ķͷ
һֵͷ̧˵Ŀһ
һ뵽ԼҪһֻÿɰС۾䣬ĴҲȡ
Xһתǰߵʱǰ𡣡
ಽظȥҡҡͷδСӹǲ̫ãﶼ³ֻ޲ðѳ檺С
X֪ĸ׾ɽԺԺµ
XĲǱȽ͵ģ΢֪ƽͣҲӣӹ죬Ҳ籦۰š
뵽ȻȻвĥĳԾ
XͷͻȻһ΢΢⣬۽ǵ⿴һΪ˸ԼŲ΢΢͸۵֣ΪλԾ
һ٣̧ͷû뵽Ȼ
ܳŻŻƤƭˣX֪ң޹ˣǰǴ赡
΢΢ۣ볼檸Ǻѣ檸˼֮ʰѳи
㵽ΪֹXҲʣܿ죬԰ˣ԰̫ؾýӵϢԶԶ˵ӰСܹȥͨһڵϣūŸ밲򰲡
ɡXŲδֽͣ԰
һȥ־ͿֱߵĹᣬֻʮֻëɫӶͬС׺׳ĲᣬйүϲıǻݵϸȮСһЩĿԱڻġ
һİſؽС
ѵȮ̫ЩСæڵϵЩСڻӭСأС飬С顣 
ǺµĽ˵ڲͬˣֶ˶ԼֻëĹ͹Сʲô㶫Ͱ͵شȥĶ
XֻСͷ֣ϲ
ְСȥϲ檵С
ɣX԰̫°ͣ԰̵̫ý괺˼ƥСԣūŴСȥ
ʲôɫģֵ̱Сȥ
԰̫ڵİ׵صģеĶУֻƷֲͬ
԰̫XִЩСͶĵطһţֻһƬռ˴Ĳݳݳһ̫ǣһƥޡ
ݳܣǹֻûǽķӣǵ˷
ƥ̫ŵX˸߲ҵزݵ±Ҳ̫ǣţԶԶ
һXдֶûƥôܵǰģֻоƺһXץϵ޳˶˲ݵϣзȣݣ
þȫĲݳϷ۵糸رܣһ
ִûмٶȣҲҲִûмXԵظоXЦ
ԶԶXݺסͷӡһ嵽ֵǰǰ㣬ȻԱߵĲݵϣشǡ
ֻ۾ðŹ⣬˵԰ϲֻ֣ھʮ֡
ϣûб񿥣ɵˡ
˼ȦֽŶûȵXӸµϵСǣȥһƥ
һ־ŲӿȥȲ԰̧̫࣬ŲӾ߹ȥ
ܿ죬Ϳ˹դС
Ȼ˵СҲXֻԣʵǶؿôߣ۽ëСӣǵĶȺȵأŴ۾֡
ÿһƥɰƯһȦĿһƥ˦βͣһ۾͵ͷԲϵİɫϡ
԰̫˳Ŀ⣬С۹ãһõһƥ
ƥСɹӽµģÿҲãʺСﲻ
˵ţ԰̫Ӷóյɫߡ
һֱСźĴ۾һۣĶˣԶؽһͷԼë
ִչȥ̫ࣺʲô
СǣƥСϲǡ˵߰Ѷǿ֣СҲιԣɹԡ
ǿ飬شյСߣСһҲؿһۣ۷۵ͺһ°ǿԵҲ͸ղһͷԼ
ɰСģһĶˣѩ׵ë԰̫Ҫˡ
ǡ԰̫դСǣݳϣôôԼôļɻ䡣
ƥСΪͻСͷҲûȫãǻôѱȥʱ̫ĺǶӡ
Լ治ҪţҪɶҪҲҲ
֪ԭҲд󽲾һǸС˳ʱŰѽŲȵŵϡ
ȸո̧СͻȻ˸ǣͷع¡
԰̫֪ƢףϽסš
Сƺǲϲﵽϣӵشǣ˦ëˮë
ԼXߣһ˿ߵʣôˡ
԰̫򵽵ϣūŰ²ûƥѱá
XŻ˦ëСվԱߵ֣Žŵӷֵһߡ
ϴζָոտͺݺݵش˸ǣ˦ͷ㿪
XŰָָ㣬ץҪȥ
ŭˣǶ壬ú
XݺһϣŽŵӷϡ
ԶԶ˳ƯСŭ±ѱϵX˦ȥXݺݿƾôôɽ
԰̫һߵľŰϵXζ㾪
Ҳ֪ȥ೤ʱ䣬ƣİһЩĲ鲻ԸرXڲݳ˼Ȧ
Xǰƥ԰ѱʦѱˣ⼸޴Σ
ţлϡֻɽһǣ־뵽ڱ߹صXǶôҫۣ֮ӣò㣬һֺñܱһƽͣܰѱ߹صֵһ˵񲻸̤һ
ѹְ˵ڱ߹صʱ׷ƨɺͷŮʤ
ŴXԼŽŸ˲ǵϸϸĺ
Xգһ£ͣһʣҪҪȡ֡
ָϽջ֣ͣͽǹɣϲǡ
á
죬Xӻɢ˳ʹһһʼֿĿİģʱҪԱ߿ţǹŭ
ģԼҲȥˣССȦȻҪȸǹǣŲƢ
Բ԰ר޽ʼұõģXλ˼Σȵڵʱ˼
죬ǹ԰ڵСʱʱضŴ֦֦ͻȻǰͷ
ȥֻȻǸ𷢱۵ģĸߴˡ
*
лҪ˵


110 
Ǻˣ ڴˣ
Ǹֵֹ˵ֵӺ͹Ů̫ѾΧм䣬Ǹˡ
𷢱۵ֵֹ˫֣ ̾ڰϵ֣ ˵ߴﹾĻ
ֺߵ˶˵ʲôֵӣҪ£Ѻ͵Ѻ˵ĵطȥ
Ȼ ߵҪֵʱ һԱΣͷñ˿첽߹һʱò׼ݣ ֻȭֱǸ˲Ҵ֮ˣ Ҳ˵Ļǳײ˸£ Ҵ
󵨣 Ǖˣһ˵ġֺӻû˵ʲô ԰ڵ̫ѾĻ»ȥ
ϸͷһźף¹ڵϣ ֪Сݣ Сˡ
ֹ̧ס԰̫໹Ҫ˵죬 ȥ ûײң ֻǱ˴ԷĻ Щź˽Űˣɡ
лСϸ˵Ŵź
ףʢЩӻǵһμϸӣϵ֣˭ΪʲôҪϵһ
ϸȻܻشӣǳǰҪвſɡ
ףȴ⣬Լؿڣҵ֣ޣ񻨶һңסңҿԸ˵仰𣿡
ϸڱס·ϼˣ촽СĻȣСǻϵŮˣǹӣǾġ
ʲãϾôСܳƵӵģֻлʺ
ϸһ£ǾŮˡ
£ף¶ˡ
ǶҲף¿ŵ֪˵ʲôΪϸʲôĶˣһǵһοء
ͷǽɫģ۾һıɫƤҲ׵ûۣӸ߸ߵģǴһҲһ
ǿóǸòӡ
ϸ̻صСף£ǳڻƺӾ̵ʱɢϵģһʦĴ˴籩Ҳȥ·˴
ס¡־ԼֵּˣɵЦЦһֵֹ˾ȻǻʦֲԲ԰ľɫȷʵܲ
ɣˡ
Сϸ֣ȥŶףµӣԴ˵Ѿڲˡ
ףַֻԼĲϣתתͷǹ֣ϲ˵ͷ
˵رӰԶȥıӰҺ뻭һܻĻ
İɣⱲ㶼λСģСпһӶһΡ
˭˵׼ءףʼ򣬰ϸļ򣬡ǻ̫Ҹˣ
ϸѾϰЩֵֹı׽ķʽĻȴɵ뵽ոλСģ
ӵ۷ͷòȻǳüۼһӢ񿴼Ĺʢ
ǻϣǰϲòŮӵô
ϸǸXľˣӱ߹ػõãһֱҪλá
ȻҲûһҵԲ԰

ǹڵȦ˸ιһЩǹֲų˴ؾ̡
ûȥ⻨ֱ͸󣬰ݲӺڵĲˮϻӣСȥʱЩ
ãֵͷȻʰ𣿡
һ˵£ͷۡ
үʲôãǴţΪ˱˼άֻݵŨŨĲ衣
ƢθЩˣʱԵö˵ϸϸۡ
ɱ˲ȰȰҲȰסϻȻңҲı䡣
ֳһ£ѳʳҽȥ
ǣллСūȥֱֹˣæȥ׼ûһͰһֱŵķʳ
ūŵСĺϢ
Ķҿ亣ڣֻ̧̫ˣҲԱ߳ԣô˵
ŰȥʳĿյѾӵź»һײɫĵɴۣͷҲΪ˷㣬ɵرһӣ̵õ͵͵ġ
Ȼϵӵɴ۲ȴϲѲӷŵ߽ȥ
һȥͿͷӵXϵɫûǲãıʱʱϡ
־һʢʳ̷ŵŵĿϵİϣ˱Ӷ˵ζùӣչǱȡ
XεȾһ̾ͿֻջĿ⣬ҲĶԡ
ۿӰζȵԼߣ̲סͣ˱ʣ֣ʲô
ӵһ٣Ӻϣ߹ȥϣ㳼õ㷹ʳɣ檸ոǹ˼ȦЩˡ
˵ֱ߰õַŵա
ԭЩȫŵXû˵
վˣһıʷ£ߵߡ
͵͵˹ǣԼ˸ƣ첽ȥʢȣ˻ݵķһЩĲˡ
һֱ涯İ˫ֺʮ˰ݡ
Ȼ̧ͷߵС»ӻ̫ϣǺˣںһٷˡ
Ժ˭ҪǸҶԕСΥۼҰǵƤ
С»æôңСҪ¶ӾܶҲҪġ
С̫ҲӦ͡
Щ̫Ĺһ㲻ҪҪûǲûˡ
ЩӻϺ͕һ۾ĶֻҪʲô⣬λֻ¶⻹Ҫʲôʱš
ֲ֪ԼѾɱضˣ극̫ʣµĶߣŸղζǰŷ硣
ӭϣɢʼˡ
ԭžҪXͻȻЪһЪ뿿һӭϣӵĽȡ
⣬ߣȷ硣
ֲľͷģһúܣXֱϣϣش⻨˯
X͸˯㡣
ֵ˯£ֲȻȻ˯£ǳ³ŻϣǾǳ檵ˡ
Xһ֡
۾ȴ֪ôӦֻİȵƵʻ˻
XùԴһ£ָԱ߷ŻļӣȥǷù
ǡô죬ƱǿʵʵعȥǷȡݸX
Xѻһһչ۾һˣÿĻ񣬺ѰĻЩһ
ϸģȥ⻨
*
лҪ˵


111 
ϲЩģ С黭ﳤ۾ԼҲửЩ
ΪԼҲЩŵ֪һЩж˾
ر⸱õļոѰͬ ϸϸ Ժܸ˵⸱
ʣ⸱Ļʦǹе𣿡ǰڹУƺûġ
񣬡X˳ְѻϣϵýݵǰ ϸ˵ ʦǴˣǴӺԶĵطġ
ָոռǸ𷢱ۣ˵ֵֹˣһʦǴˣ ǴӺԶĵطģ뵽 ˣճҲһǴһҲˣ ͷǽɫģ ۾Ǳɫģôߡرһ¡
XϸǰոԼ˵ģ ǸʦԲ԰Ӧþˣ Ͷֵǻ⸱Ļʦ
գգ۾ԭǻʦ
Ȼ£ǳ檿Խлʦ檻𣿡
ǹ ⻨ ܻ뻭Ķ̫ˣ ϲԲ԰ عҲܿľɫ
ϸ֦ĩڵС£ XȻӦˣԼ˵һʲôʱ뻭ˣѻʦٿǡ
ھ뻭ɣžĻһ񣬳͸ȥҰ
߶ֺͰ˵Xе㲻֪ʲôζ
ֲ֪ʲô˵˺Żش⻨⻨Ļǰռʱֵģÿնڻлɺһֱû
ڵһС»ӱСϼĹԱͽ𷢱۵˽˽˵񣺡С밲
ɣ
ϲǷſǸֵҲ˳۲٣Ƿݵףǰϸ⸱ôģôܻô档
·ϣϸѾ̫֪ԼΪʲôᱻףתֵĻ
ףǸգһ־Ȼ㵽ԼĵطЦݵصһʱżȻ֣ʱյоõġ
ף²ϸӳӵݹڹӣִ԰ϵڼõԼָŹӳյĵط͹ӰӵĵطԼ棬ϸϸظİڻô
ϸȻദһЩʱ䣬츳ҲߣһЩ־䣬һ漰ĳЩͲܾܺ׼ת
ֻܸס
ҲǰȷʵǸո߳ģ˺Ǿͷһ㿴δʡ
ף뻭䣬ǰȻʧɫ
ϸ뻭
ϸһ£ΪѲѡ
ϧףµĲŻҲ֪ǻ˕ˣ⸱һܹġ
ǡ
ϸ룬ǶֵСóԽ뻭𣿡
û뵽ȻĴ𸴣Լ⡭
ף£ԼǷԼղɷԼԼֵĻɵӣδ˸һ֪ʲôӣҪ㻭ɡ
Ҫһ𣿡ϻ͸󻻵İײɫԲ쵥ɴۣͷǱɱԺ
ѾϸǶ֪ԼԸףҵҡͷѾˣҲû˱
ϸֱӷ͵û˵ֱӰӳȥ
Ӧֱ㵽ԺҸʵܹԼֵĵط⻨ƵþɣһжڻС
һȦǰͻȻһָŴ⻨һǧ
ǧģɫľɫľ壬ɫҺ߶صĻһЩǺǽߣԼ¶һǵ͸ܽǡ
ǧϣԼһ£ǰҡڡ
ϸأ𣿡
ʯڽһڹٳϵϸҲǰһĻĳȻױԼӲǧٱĻΪλὫ˷ΪˣԲ԰˕һԽķš
ˣٳ谮һЩҲǲΪġ
ϸһ£ذԾķӵͷѹȥ
˺һ仰ף£һֵøΪ¶ǵף˵κ֣̾ǣǣ
ȷֱ㰲ĵǧ£ϸתףµĻԼԶץӣǧССص
ϣõµĺۼģġ
ǷӣҲ񴿳꣬ÿʱỵ̈ɢ˰Ϣ
·𣬲
*
лҪ˵


112 
⸱һʱŻã ףվڻǰԼƷͣ˵ųϸ˭ҲĻ
ͷЩᣬ Щǧ˯ŵ߹ һ˲ϲŴ۾
ֻֽϵĻɫʷ鶯ԽΪдʵַ⻨԰ɫ ֻҪ۾Ķó ʦǻˡ
ɢǧϣ˫ŵأͷ΢΢ʦķǿŻʦ ߵƣ紵ۺԵķ˿
ߣ ǺǽߣԼ͸ܽǡ
ֳݾϲ𷢱۵ף£ԭΪϸǷѾã û뵽 ǿ
ϸתףЦŵ ҵĻע꣬Ҫǿԣ ҵĹȥ
ϸǰ䷭֡
ְֵؿŻ Ƭ̺ǳϿҵص ʱҲ ļʮָȤ ֪Ƿ㲦㲦
ףһصĶӾȻҲử Ŷؾȳֱ̯ʾǳ⡣
ӹȻĻصһ
ʫ滭̵ְֽģ˶ʫĲôȤϲμǣȴҪǿϲٵģƬ̣ҲʻһĴ⻨ɫͼ
ףĻһǴˮī±ߣ״ȸʳܿ㽫ʸ¡
ʱԱߵףԼϸǰ⸱
ϸԼʱһˮīള˲Сһʼ˵ԼҲʱ򲢲ʮַϡ
ŮӶǻŮŮѵˣܶƪʫģǼе
ɣửʾͺܺãȿ
ǵĿϣ⸱īδɵĻɵͷ𣬵ƾ⸱˵Ļ֮ϡ
ף±ǻõĻʦѧϰĻνһͨٵͨҲ⸱
վڻǰֵҲܵʦ
ϸ֣ףµ仰˵
¶ɻѵԼĻ벻𷢱۵Ļʦۣ
ֻԼûڱǰͷЩġ
ףµǿԵѣҽĥĻģһ𡣡
ϸתĻ۾ˣȲصͷ

һ죬Xûʲô죬ŷ±ʣѰнء
ͷһϰˡ
æ⼸ՕСûȥһֱڴ⻨ǸԳղĻʦۼգȥźĹŮ̫˵СԵúܣǹùŮȥιġ
֪С֮ǰж౦ǹģÿ춼Ҫ޼ȦҪιǿ飬ǹס
ȫںǸʦۻˣ˵ǹ͸û
Xüͷ££Ҫǰźʱ䳤ֲ
գգۣϣҪҪȥ⻨ƣ˵˻˵ãǸʦء
֮ʣ׼ӵXͰûЪͣİźˮƵڣȥ
Ͻȥһ˵˴⻨⣬ߺϼݵXֹ̧סˣĲؽȥ
һ˸սȥͿһŮŲ֪ĶŪèڵǰϣֺͽ𷢱۵ףһһӣԻԼġ
ʱû꣬ߵףµǶͷͷף˵֪˵ʲô¶Цݡ
XԾմŰָĴĴָ۾΢΢š
Ǹĸߴ󣬳մϱ߶ĻʦŲųһ㣬߽ڡ
ڷ϶ףµЦݶ˶٣üëչ檸밲
Ϊ˷ӵ۷ɫǼˮɫģһͷɱԺ̳٣һ̶
ŮĽϱģֻܹ
XͷʾǸʲôˣʳ䵱־ϸʲôطġ
ûбϸڵϵػϣǳɢƺӱϵİյʱֵģϸ˵졣
һΪղңԶȣڳ֮ǰȡӡ
ţɡXûѶĿޣϣֵ֣⻨
һͷˮףXתһ˲ϸ֣صضǻϣ˴ûмƽʧ´οɲһҪ;һЩ
ף²׸ղǸ˾ȻƬصľϸǾЧҵľ
Ҳ̫ˡ
ϸ֪ѵģɢúܣʱ䵽ǲΪ̫ɵ˸ϳġ
Xɲݵɢˣϵɫò࣬Ͼ죬Ǳ𾴹ݵϵĴڣ˵ңԼ˵Ҳǻһ֮顣
Ǵо仰Ӧģһŭʬ򡣡
ֻ־䣬͸ŵģǾȨϣɱһֵѪ
ЩΪףɫЩϸ֪һעġ
Xڵ֣˸߲ҵذԼĻõǰΡ
X۾ﵹӳŵԼӹĻüë
ǰɣҲòߣһԼĻָָ˿ĵطīɫЩˣɢЩá
⸱һ׵ķӣǲǴһ
õǸֻһ֧Ļ֦Ļаīɫǳǳ˵һۿȥ;þޡ
XǿףµĻģ֪ȷʵǸո߳Ļʦ⸱ĻЩƣֻԼһϲˮīһζ
˵Żʱü۴ЦXԱš
ѼóһȦľҪʢٹվҪع׼ʰ
Բ԰µû뵽ȻҪعˣʶʣǳ檵ǹô죿
ȥľֵʱϣǶ˽䡣
ģһӾ͸ˣX֣ôôã檳ȥ׼檴ǹȥ
ǳǲҪЩװ
ϲľǵ߿飬֪ľÿ궼еʢ£һ죬ϾͻеĳӺͻǣԼӵȥʢٶľΧԡ
Ҫǻϲȥ¾ɻӴ͡
Xǻż꣬ӶӶСټǿ׳䣬ÿ궼ȥ
˵˵űƲסԼ˷ܣֱ۳X࣬׵ҧ촽
ѾûXֵַԼϣ⿪
*
лҪ˵


113 
ֺ ˵ôܽyuyu
ָ΢΢ŶЩڴذַϣ ⿪İۣ ˲䣬Լŵɢ
XϾ˸ͷԼ󣬿ϿŹԼshuangм֡
ɫ糺ؽԼ£
ڴ죬 ֱعղŴһɫۣ һֻҶ鴮ɻӱӷϣֱӻع
䶼ʢǣɹԲ԰ȴ·Ȼͬĵط
빬£ СϲһڹŮ̫඼˷ܼˣһ ûһһ߶
òУֵ̧ȥð켸Ʋˣ ǽϺһ 
ŶŶŶŶ̫壬 ŮҲļˡ
ܳ裬ֱȥԲ԰ ĹŮ̫ǳȥᱻ߿һۣرӴǰҪͷǵͷ ζˡ
Ƕţ Сʢ費ϡ
ȣ ȴôɣ Щλֵ͵Ļã ֪ôֲԼ Ҳûʲô뷨
Լ϶ѹ˵ֻ
ʹʺ±˳ļ¼Բ԰ĴСµֽţЩʵһһ³ģŕȥ԰ʮһ͸һ죬ʮųԵķʮߡ
һ׮׮һǱеֻҪ
ʺЩֽţϾȻôȻô

ϵĶȫɨȥ޴졣
˲йԼϣνڱϣʺֺαȥЩأ֪ᶯŭԼӣôͲء
ʺĿѣƾʲôҪ̣Ǹ˳űУԲ԰ŻϣҪҲУǻһͷ
һˣߡ
֪λȻżм꣬ýȰë¡
ԴӻУʺͱ࣬ԽԽ粻ź򣬱˵ߵŮԼҲη
Ҳ֪ⲽ˶壬߶Իߴˡ
Ҳ֪ʺӣֹһҲˣԲôһŷͽԡ
ȻԹˣ̸Ǹ¹ˣǳӻϵӡ
һʼʺų¹˻У̥Լûкӵ¹ӽ
ų¹λԽԽǷҩı׶˱֣¹˵Ϊֹʼ񣬱ŭڴǶһµ̥
ʺҪӣǳ¹̥㴫»һӡ
ķôҵģһֱѰ޹ʺϵĸױ㻨ؽһҽⷽӾĵþƾȻͽ
ʺ϶ճǲ̥Ӽ̣ҩѹס
ͻĕˣжļƣҲסˣһXʹҩ
ڣ̥Ѿĸˡ
ͳǵƣҪ΢֢ܶ״Ҳ֡
̫ͨҽһֱڸƽ˵ģҩѹȥƽزӡ
̲ס
ֻҪһ뵽ֺXһǧֻϿʳһֻаǧ˲
ȰֻǵȰУҲǹ˶ģñɻǶôܺȡ
ǴĻʺŮˣҲ󲻹ȥ
ǺǣͻȻЦЦԭȵķء
üʺǷʲôѾǲõġ
ãþͺˣɫֵ취ӳȥȻŻϣ춼ţӻϡ
˼
һ˳ҩƵʣǰ϶顣
Ǿһ䣬ƲסԼƢԣȻһ̥
ϲ黹ã飬ҲֻΪ˹̳УԼ˲ɲķӣԴҲ˵һ
һ˫񣬲νǺüƲߡ
֪ģĬƬ̵ͷǣū澻ᾡȥ졣
͸ո˵껰ʹͻȻһϼݵղŻܲϷ·ɨȥҳЩ¼Բ԰µֽõ֮غãһᴦ
ȻЦݵӭȥ檸밲
ȻȣβˣϴĻǵԵøոչĳһĶʮԡ
X̧֣ʾŲδͣߣϵǽ壬ϣô¡
촽ǳǳЦŵղųˣЩ䲻Сɨˡ
˵ţйŮϽѵϵĶˡ
XҲûϸʣֱͦڿϣľ֣Ӳ㲻ȥˣڹк
ˣԼŰ졣
ϸԼĶӣĸʮЦţԴ檾֪ˣҲ׽˻ʶͷ˼ҡ
ȥľֵѡ檵УXԲ԰ź˻£ػҲϰź򣬾һЩٸȥɡ
XŰָĴĴָĥʳָһ˫ķɡ
ֵ˕ˣҲѳ¹ɻй϶ѹԼť»˴ϰɣɶǹˣҲȥЩŽãûȥĺú
һˣʺȻҲǸòŮӣǷɡǧѡ棬ҲѰ
ܲʻ̫ΪXһŮӣǿһĽXλӾҪһŮԼ¡
Ȼʽ΢һŮôܲʻ̫ųĻӡ
ԣXȻ̸ϲϲԼģʱÿ³һʮȥĹҲƫĸรӡ
ȵ󣬸ǽ󹬴Ȩ
ϧ̫Ķ֣ƹŷӡҲָʹЩˡ
У̫˳ԲΪɣƹź󹬡
XİŲÿɷ˻仰ˡ
ʺվھʹĵǰ棬뿪ıӰոջ΢Цŵ˲̨ϹŵӲֹŹ֡
ѾЩֽŶٻٵ߹֣ȥɣˣˡ
ʺתذɣֻ˿ȸȥľǶϼȦ
ֻ˿ȸĺϢع
*
лҪ˵


114 
һҲûʲô¶ɣ XŻعָͷľֵӣϾÿ궼Ҫȥģ Ϊ棬 ȥԲ԰ֻһ
ǣٲĦȭƵģȥһǸλá
ֱڶȥʺ밲 ʺ飬 ˴ľҪЩȥ룬˼ȥ½ȥɡ
ɣ ϶ѹˣť»ˣ ¹ˣǼȥɣ ǳ¹ˣ úóȥɢɢģӵˣ ٻð
Ǹ̥ڹͰЩƢŹ֣ ̸ﳣĥŮ̫
ȥ˵˼Σ û̫á
˵˴ľ־ȻԼķݶ ̧ͷŻʺ лʺ̧ٳ檣 һˣ ˵Ҳܺһ㻳ӡ
һССĹˣŻʺ˵ⷬʵЩ󲻾
˿ţʺҲûƽϣֻܶΪòǱ֮ǵĺϢء
˵꣬ʺȻ˽֣ڕˣڱȻ˰ţҲһȥľ֣øմԲ԰ҪȥΧ·ϿҪСЩӣԸ
ղŻΪȥľֶ˵ɹ϶ѹԼǵ˲䲻ˣƣǻΪȥľָˣ˼ȴǸմԲ԰ˡ
־ûоڵĹŹַΧػʺĻлػ
ʺУֻһϢȥˣ밲ȻҲɢȥ
ִںͷ߹ϲȥԲ԰㣬ȥľҲ㣬Ǳһ׳ء
ȥľǶò棿
ǰȥȹҲȹߣסĳԵûãţ⣬ζЩ󡣡ǺŮ껹ûܱ˿ζЩﾫƵţ⻹ãΧǶȴǴľƣһҲԲ
Զܲȥľ֣ûôء
ֻǶXΨĶӣҲҪȥʶġ
ɵһ·ϣͷ㿴ЩСĳЩ£űܰЩġ
ģֻҪչ˵ģƴǡ
仰̤ʵˡ
˱˵Ż߳ʹȸʹĴţť»ϱıعȸ˸סֵ֣ºˣܸһȥˣ㲻֪㲻ڵЩҿˡ
ֱ۱ýֱֵǰĦ
΢ЩΣֳ
ť»˱죬ίϰˣϲˡ
һߴԲˣť»Ǹˣ㻹ϰء
治ǲϲˣť»֡
ֵ˵ͷǣҲԼͲôϲš
ť»˵֮ǰ˵ϳŮȥľ֣Ҫˡ
ť»˶ʱѸղЩԺ󣬽ͷϣĲ˵ҵĿұ£
˸߲ҵظˣʲôܵÿ죬ʲôãŵţ䣬һмҡ
ֺһЦť»滹Ǹӡ
ҲͦõģԶԼһС磬ŲڹƣԹ޺ͶʼɣʧԼģ
ʢǵľΧٶȻܿʱȥǴӾʹ޿ˡ
̣һ·ĳԺȽãԼЩɵ񸮵̫඼Ҫһһ㣬ӡ
ҲУִõĶҪʰ
˽ϵĻףŰбڿϣææº޲ðȥľΧӣ˳ָ˱裺ҿղͲãôΧҲõġ
ū춼ðˣСôһ㶼ء
Ҽʲô˼ʮʮӾ㹻ˣ˵Ƕȫǲݳ׻ˡԲ԰µۣˣ··Ҳ㣬߻Ҳǰ߿˺ˤš
Ҫȥ밲ãŲỻ¡
Ӻһڲ裺ū澵Ӱ˵ϽӣľֿǴ棬ֹɺ壬ɹǱߵģ˵ÿֵʱɹŵĹҪȥվŸء
ȻҪģǿԸʲô
գգ۾е
ɲǣXݣߵĶȱŮˣڹԺʮľɹŵĹȥ棬صĹԱҪѡصŮ࿴˵عһҹҲЩԱм㡣
£˲ϵӣ˵㣬ҼǵǰЩ¾ĳ·㶼װϡ
л͵ĵϡ
ǣ͸ˣֻû̫Щ
¿óˡ

߰պһ繬æˣҪȥľΧɴ׵񸮵˴š
ԣİһͷɱ֮
ǹˣֵûʢ裬һ̫ͽСܹȥϡ
ִӹŮСϲ̫ͷ
ϣʱĵһûһ˦ޣȻΧ˵ĿⶼȥҲתȥ
⻹ִֻĵʹӰͷЯ¶û
ʱ̧߹ȥԾǰ
ͷһ죬˶
ʱ֣ǻ
һ棬Ѿܾûпˣÿÿҹħһ̫ţȥһԼ˼֮ࡣ
ǻֵӣŻȥԲ԰ôҲҲû뵽ְȥľ
ʱĿȵˣѾӰľ
ʱһַǰһָ󣬶˵һģľΧ·;ңԶأ⼸˿Ŷôο
иŮƵĳտҲɰЩ
лүϿκζ飬ľΧǻʶƵʵǲү䡣
ɡ
֣Ƶ˵Ǳɣף˴˳⡣
ֵ˵ͷŲɿ׼õȥ
Ǹ̫û뵽Լ¶һ̫谮Сӣϵ׵ܵܣһǻϳ谮ӣ˭벻ܴյһȥ
Ҳ忤һԸ˱֮
ʱվԭأֵıӰͷƱͼһ㣬Žż⿴øԶһ㣬һ㡣
׷ūҲȥɻ󣺡үʲôأ
͵رһʱһԴϣ⹷ūţʲôҪ㽻
ȥ
*
лҪ˵


115 
̫ү ǸūŹүʲôʱ˵Щˡ
ȥľΧ ԱǿЯҾģ ĠdʱĵոȻҲڴС
Ġdʱ֮ǰ߭hʺǿѹȥģ֪ҲҪȥԸȥȥҲġ
¿֣ ;øϰۣ 󲽻صԼԭȵλãŽŵŷȥظеõȣҪǲˣ ͻظȥɡ
ʱ͸һһ˳ۣ֪ǳʲô裬 ƫƫҪȥľΧ
ʱûԼڵؿ˿ԼͿſܵʮָ ַڹ̶ĺᰫϣȥɣ ⼸ն߶ˡ
ǡ̫Ġdʱ߳õģλӵĸж ˵ʵҲ֪ôͻȻԼȥүʱߵĻ Ҫ֪ ү͸Ѿ˭Ҳ˭ˡ
̫ˣ ϴùӣ ϸϸضžͷˣ ֣˵ Ǹ˵׳ʲôûô
֣ȻˣĻ˶٣ѵһˣüߺǵĻϳ谮мӡ
˵ͿſָܵԼӣұΣ
ͷһ£򲻿ɰ
žડϰѾӿڰϣʲôɵģĠdʱǰ׷һԱϷƨɺͷҶ棬ǰЩְͰ͵شյϵĹǶȻܿǸΪʲôԡ
ߣҲˣҲ̫ţһ㱾ҲûУҸֻԺûʲôӡ
ҲĠdʱô˵Ҳǿү̫谮ĶӣҪ̫֪ܱܲסδ֪ء
ϵ˵ϵͷǸܹĠdʱֶٹһXݲѣȰġ
ȰȰſ챻˵ˡ
ϵǸʲô˲ҲһҰãϲˣⳣڷ˻˵㣬̫Ƕôס
֣ԭҪźϵģҪָ̫忤˻ӣɷˡ
Ҳػˡ
ϵĸװСһ˵ָĠdʱЩ⡣
ּ̫ܲ£ΥǱûҪϽ˼ֻűӳ̲ʺ
ûаԼĴ߸ףԸ׵˽⣬ȻҲֵ֧ġ
Ͼһˣеڶˡ
Ķѣص˼
ԶܸӻĳͣǶǴ˴еĹĳܣǰǰƥݵ
Ŷǹˣֵĳܰųǵĳܣǰģǳǵġ
ʱҲǡߵ˳ԱߣһЦ
֮䣬ϵһֱûаǱΪӦʱߡ
ʱһշΪ˾ͱXȥԲ԰һֱûڳ
ӳĿ⣬ֵ˵
ɵȻѰ˼ҵһ治й̶й̶齣Ϸķͷͱ
һ໹һС͵Ķ౦߶ԷЩС
Ӹֺͷºһ࣬Сǡ
ĳһҲǣֵȻȥľǾԶľ
Сô
򲻿գ
ֵ֪ģȻӺãҪĳ±᲻ƴۣڳ¸ǻΪ˴ãŻǶȫˣֱ̫ϹȣΪ˲ԼһôһҲܰԸ롣
ֵģҲΪô˰Լͷġ
ʱţɫһƳĺŽĶ鿪Ρ
磬һҡξЩˣűͷ˯

ٶ·˶ͣ³Էʱּȹ챻ڡ
Ժ˵ľΧˣһˣ̿⿴
ֻѴһƬһ޼ʵĲݳУĹľ֣ԶԴĲս
ǰ׳ȣԭӴĶ÷С
ִûпôأɵ͵һ
뻨ӴԲ԰ľϸһصľͷٴĳ򣬶ܾ衣
ߵ̫࿴ǧūŸС밲
ɣַӵ׵ƽЬڷïĲݵϣʼˣǽסʲôط
СؾͱˣֻСסȥͳɡ˵̫ԶסȥȻǶһƬһɫ񣬻аӡһߣɹŸסǻʵ۵ĳӣȻҪXһ磬ܿϽˡ
СɻǻūǣƥʡСߵۡ
ˣ·ɽǣ̫ã߹ȥɣҲûԶ
ǡ
ִһԼרŽ¾ںصʽ۷Բ죬бȴͬһãžϸͷơҲխխģ£㣬Ĵ壬ƯӢ
ͷɫ˿߱һӣٽ޽ͷͷ޳һϸϸСӣСӵķ϶׹һſ飬ȻС£ı֧ϲĽǶʯɺͷţһ֧ͦ黨֦
װ磬ȲˣҲŮȹûеĸɾ䡣
һʼߵСȽɷˣߵÿЩСܼܵȱ𴦸ߵĲݴԣһݣӻ᲻òС
Ӹ˵Լǰ۹ͻȻƥûκװε˻߳ýڲݵϣƵߵʾǵľŷŭƻ
Ӻ̫ŻˣָϽܹ
ҲתͷȥһǼƥûκװΣӦҰĲڵϡ
ŶŶŶŶŶŶĺʮӴӽ׷˦ƥҰףЩļ߳һӾͽƥסëɫƥǲܼӣ˦ë֡
ԶԶͻȻסһӣرŰǣһߣϢһɨŨܵëˢ
һɴԵľȲɱЩ
űסļƥЩŲͬڴεˣתҪߡ
ȻסɫҰߵǰ棬ðĺ㣬Ǵϣӣ
һɫۣűһ뻹Ĵ׳ɹڵӢҰԣԭһŷ̵ζ
*
лҪ˵


116 
˵ʱѹ壬 һ˵ϺţҲŵζϳ嵽ֱǶˡ
̧ͷ˭
Цһڰװ׵ݣ ׳߶˻Σ չ̵£׼
ÿľΧԣôЩɹŲ壬չʾ ǹԹԵԼĵطš
Ϊˣ Ĺȫɣ׹ϵ˫ꡣ
֪׼ɹŲǿģɵĹ 붼׼Գ׼ ȷʵʱ
ϵףشԼȷXӣ ƹҪǶ
뵽Ʋ ׼ֲ˫۾㻹û˵֡
־ʲǲÿɫ ǲԼǺ Լô¡
ֹסһۣ ء
չ̵ʵ۵ӣ ļΪЦ𶯡
 Ťתص˶ Юŷ紫ֵĶסˣ
ӣ ɵֹ˭ҪסܵӺ̫ߡ
ӱղһĻˣץ֣Сû¶ɣղ˭ôô񡣡
׼
û뵽ôڵľȻ岻һ¶Ҳַſڵ
֪ʲôЩɹŲ䣬ֹˣŮҲĺ֡
ͳĺˣЩɹŲϰײ˽⣬˵ŮҲ㣬ɵõҲ֪˺Ů˴˭һЩ
ˣ¹˭ǿȥϢɣˡźʹǲһģôЩƣˡ
ҲʣһȥǶ
˻ϵģöһֻԱ߲ŵӲһ
߽ȥһҲСĹ֣ȥǿд˵ĵطЪϢĵط
һȦ͹ﲻһûдĴ Щ˭ϴϴɻ֪Ҫʲô
ǡ
ϴݸţĴϣùŮԼ۵ͽţ˯ȥ
ȵӽѵʱԼһΣȴ벻εʲôֻһؿھƵģһʪ޻ͷ
ӿڴţɫЩήң̽̽ĶͷСĶ𣿡
ҡҡͷͷ˸ôõΣεʲôȴ֪ˡ
˵κ߶ǷģСѹ߱ضҪء
ǵΪζԵľΪĻɢˣǿɾͳ㼪ˣˣʲôء
߿һۣһսɫЩء
Ӱִͷջš˰ӵݸոϽɹŲ壬Сúô磬Ҳȥ
Ϳʼˣ
ֻС磬ҪվΧԺ󡣡
ʲôʱʼͷĵʱ򻨷ѲٹģҲҪһЩʱҪȥüɾˡ
Ӹոջû뵽⵵¶أһ˵ЩˣдʱСױʱ䣬ǲˡ
˵ţҪйŮ̫һŪǶǲģôɹŲأĲֹһ˵档
ֽסǲˣҲûô๦١
Ϊ˷˯µıӣµӾͲˣѱԭԺ󣬽ߵС£ȥͷС
ͷ׵ĵ䣬ǶԶ顣
СӼ䷱ÿСڵķ϶׹һС飬ͷβӹ룬˫۾ͷ̲ס۴´磬ֻ˭ҲȲС
ȥȡƶء־ϲƯҲԸ⻨ڱƯϡ
ʽ۷ͷϵķΣ⡣
Ӱһæȥ£ߵǶʱֻعСǴʲôأ
ǼɫɫͷڵġͷȻ㹻Ҫصɫһ£á
ûһͰѶȫҳСϲѳһ٣Լ̷ٴͷ
׵ͷҲóˣֻֻǹˣò׵ȸλݵʽССʮȫȥǰ׹Աĳˡ
̲סԼӣȴû
ֶ˶٣ǶŶĶ׹ϣƫͷӺСϲôÿ𣿡
쿴ӺСϲҲĿѣԣÿ
*
лҪ˵


117 
Լ ִСϲ߳
ǻϺʳӵĵطȻ·ݺһ㣬˽Щ Ҳ򻬡
ʱѰ ڵҹ˸ӣ׳
ӪȼĻѣһ۵ľ񷶥Ϣ
һ̫С Ǳ߸ոʣ ǷʰˣǺ˱ɹȥ
һ⻰־֪ԼЩæϽ߰ɣ ȥ̫ɾͲˡ
̫Ϊ˵· Ȼǰͷ
ƹһһӶ ЩԶ ־ŮĸõĲǴĻ
Ÿģ Ũҵľ˵
ǵһģX߿첽߹ȥ ѹСɹŲүǼˣ ūŴȥ
ǲ̫ˣݵһȦһȦĻѺͷ
̫ ϯûʼ ЩɹŲʢڣ һһֵؾء
ǾͺǾͺã ˿ӺСϲŰȥ
߽ˣԶĸֻһŶɫɹȹͷһСӣëñӵŮһ߳һΧX裬߸ߵٸϸϸ֫˵ġ
XֵɵϹЦϸһﶼǵӡ
ɹŲǰľֳƺãϣԭһ֦һأ֪ǵһôء
ɲǣǰ˭ҪıߣǱӵźġ
µİͷεضλДʷﲨʵٸĺϡ
չ̵ԱߵŴȣչҪˣŶƵصĻϸֵס
չ̵ü۰Xᡣ
Ŷ˲ţѵ»бȰŮˣ
չ̵Ժֽ︡Ǹӣ˵Ҽ㿴Ű֣ľͣڰա
˿Ҳ˳Ŀ⿴ȥҲһԼղ˵ʲô
罫Ѵú죬ӰԾ裬ڹӰ˾մȻһ˼Ůͷ䣬һȻõƯݡ
ν֮ɫҲֻˡ
ΧŵXʢװ֣۾Űָֻ֡
ߵǰȶ񣺡檸밲򸣽𰲡
ˣˡ
ްXƺغ˵쵽ǰ
޳ַָŵȻ˳
ͷŻףȻXһߣվһϲ
Xַӣҧرǿƽ̹öǰҫͦͦԼ١
ֿˣֻǶʮ߰ŮЦЦСXĶ
Xðӡָ֣ɵĵطڵλݣǶǲϹصġ
ȻΪô˵ôȥӡ
ŸոջǸɹŮ˦۵ڶԼ˦۵ɣ˳XĻлϡ
X̫һ̬Ⱥ־˵ò˵Ŀ⼸ȫϡ
ԱǻãɵŹأɹŲߴﹾ˵Ż
չ̵űȰӽ֣һƣңңؾ֣һ
Ҳ켸ԼɹԼƵΪе׽͸˽һ֮Եˡ
ȻˣԼҲãҲֱߵľƱٱͷ¡
þƣǴֻȵƻֲŸպ£ͱɤ۶ľƴ̼ͨ죬ȳ
X˵Ķֺգ״ʵ
תͷȥӪʵ·ϼģ˵׼
ǣXϵľҺ׼ɺĴӣ˵Ⱥӥǻͥþòɢȡô֡
ԭˣ΢΢ƫͷ˿ǸӦñXСһţ˫ӥһɹ
Xԣ׼ɺϲӣʮ֮꣬λ
ֲãӣ֮ͥ£ҲҾԼơ
˶ˣⳡǰСҲʽʼɹŲʹȸXX˵Щļ黰㿪ʼۿɹŲϵȾƳϯ
ýXȵľƣȻǼ˸ոմ¹ȡ¹ѪĿž
ãЩ
Ũҵľζźܿ죬Ŀͱȥ
ֻųۣ֫ýģ¶εĲŮź͹͢һҲΪչŵ赸
ĵŨңŮϴЦݣֲɵÿ˽ȥ
ȻȹİŮ߳ŮֲòϣŮȷʵƯɹ϶ѹť»ԼǶȥ
ңʮ߰Ůǹûеġ
ۼŰĿһֱXϣ۽⿴XȴXĿһ
ĿȣϷһ죬һǳ˾Ƶģ
ֺȻ𣬸ղǺȵģǼ¹Ѫľƣǡ
һ뵽ǡ
ˢغ͸ˣŲͶҲһƬϽĿջϵ̡
˼ôԣXҲûźȻҲЪ˼ֻа߷߲ƽؾͣһƨԼλϡ
ݸߣλð忤ĠdʱԱĠdʱĸϡ
ԭΪֻҪԼ׼ᣬXϲԼʮþȵ¶һ֣޴Ĵܸѹ
òòֲǸãҲΪ˹ˡ
ĵؾӣղɹŲĿǸŮˣʲô֣
ֵôԣֻϲXϣһĿĵĸȻҲϲ۾һת԰ǻϲĕˣڣɻ϶ϲˡ
ˡݺݿһۡ
һʱⳡСɢ
XѾóˣƽﲻҪģҲַڰϡ
ȻҪԼӪ˯Ҫ뿪
ͻȻŵXŻ
ŶŶŶŶŶŶ϶ûߣȻҪ˲ɢû뵽һ仰Ա塣
رɹŲˣ˵¿̫ˡ
չ̵û֪ʱ˵ϣ˫Ųݵأɵӱһ˶İ顣
*
лҪ˵
ÿѾǺü汾ˡ
״̬ܲǻԼдʲôdգ


118 
X мԶͱ˹ȥ屻̵š
ż· Ҳ̵ܲס
ֶҿΧʲô飬 ֱۺм䣬ϣЩˡ
XͻȻı䣬 ӵϱ ֻΪˣûţϵĻЬӽϻ˵ϡ
æ檵Ьӣ ϣѳ檷°ɡ
Xǵûţ ϵ˵ߣ߱Ǳ߽߱аЬӡ
ǡ۹۱Ǳǹģ ѵϵĻ׼ ֻţʲô޼֮
һ·ϣ ˽Իعڵӡ
־ã ԼƾҲˣ ԴЩκ Ҳپ¹̣ Ҫһ㣬 ٿһ㡣
XϵֲԾ˵ ƵĲ°ͣ䡣
ֳӣҧһڣ۾¶ϵ
XŲ£߽࣬ǸӪʴĻʣһӷڴϡ
ڴϵµԴκˣҪɻ͸һ塣
Xץϵºͳᣬ̵chekuӡ
ͻȻֻһ
XѳǵҲҡҡӰˡ
ˣһ
Xһ£ǱXtianpiguһ£Ҳ֪Ϊʲôޣ
Xת۾ϲ
ϲϲġƭԼ
Ϊʲôޡ
ǻϡǻϣǾ֮
X𴽣¶һӲôЦzhuazheֽףŰĻ̌Լǰҧӵϵ촽ӡ׵ĽűϣȻ󣬽Ľֺ˽ȥ
־ôţøˡ
ݵһΣ֮ͣӻʱʱţüͷϸϸţͣXꡣ
X§űguangluoӣӸϡ
ڶ죬ѹѾǰߵĺϼһֱֱյ
ŷڴԱߵˮһˮŷŴҺ÷ţһ˲ûȥ
İæ߽ȥϽùŮ
ŮڴϵʣߵŮ̫أûڣ
߶أǾţĵġ
С˯ǳԵ㶫ߵʱ˵ˣʲôʲôūϸźš
һ˵XֵͲԽط̡
Ƕ˵źūˣܱߵӪʶˡ
̿ˮ˻Ƶĺ׼ԵĶɣҶˡ
ǣŮźСȥЩʳţЩÿ˻ġ
ЩǶܻ͵ˣǰܹԷԸ¶ȻҪʮֵģ´ʱ򶼺޲һˣֲ⡣
ֲ˵ŵ˵˺üԼûôŮſһЩźϴڴ¡
Ҳܴˣߵһʱ۷Ьӡ
ӱ·ЩȻ
Ůڹӵĵط¶ʵĸоЩȻڿϵǰҲһСû¶ɡ
ģ´ϵϣû£·ݹЩ䡣
ŶŶӸϽ·ݹȥ
ִۣŪͷ˵㶫֪XͼɹŲĿɺ񣬱Щȥߡ
ôõϼȥʵڿϧˡ
˵ȥȥСϲͰһ̫࣬ӪСб߹ȥ
ϼůůĳɫӳڲݵϺǵϣзȺӵطɹƮɡ
бߵĵطδй
ڳ¸Ҳûе
룬ȸﱨ˳óѪծѪһҪҸĲľ
X
һ뵽Ͳɱ뵽ҹԼǶҧԼֺģֱǡ
ְϥϣƫͷԼҲ֪ðĿ
ͻȻһһӰһԾ£֡
Сϲ˭ıӳ鵽һߡ
˼ϣŵڵϵӵˣüͷŲչ̵££̫ʧЩ
ߣչ̵±߳һںͻȻͦıӴյֲߡ
İ˵ζֺ󱳵ĺëҪը΢΢ʹ˲ˣ˺󼸲أоֻԼ鷳
չ̵һ֧֪ʲôʱͷȡµĵӣȫζ
˵ϺŮ˺ܶ࣬ݸߵģкܶࡣ
ңһһΨһŮˡ
ĸߴ󣬿űXҪ߼֣ۺ񣬾ޣʱʱ̶̿ɢҰԡ
ʵֻۣжʮꡣ
ʵڲϲΪ֧ӶϲˣЩĪбʱݸ߹ҲѲ
ǻӣǲݸı£ȥ
ϲչ̵۾ӥĿ⻹Ҫ
ֱʵһ£һʱ˵
չ̵°֧ŵԼǰһһȻϲá
ֲ㱻⻰ͷΣӵΪʹǲأϲĵĵԡ
ֲɵõҪϲأ
չ̵ͣ¶˿Ž׵ݣûϵ˯һ᲻ϲϲҵġ
ֲţ˯Ĺﶼ˵ٸ˯ڲ˯ˣ˯
һô˯֣ÿϱա
ϽͣԲչ̵µүڴ˹ҲܳģҪ
ǲԭϵӥϲĸǲԭڵķ磬ҡ
ֶ˶ٵҽȻʮˣٹ꣬㻹绪ïʱҾ϶ˡ
ԣȲ˵ϲϲϣңҲǲеġ
չ̵û뵽ò־ȻѾʮˣĸҪ꣬ԭᶨɫЩҡ
ϾͥôƯŮӣѡ
ֿɫģԱȥӵ˸ϽСɽ¡
µĲչ̵ǸԼŵĵʲôŵģǰδйĸܡ
ͻȻѾߵɽ½ŵֵ˵ĲԣҵҪ˱Ҳϲˣ
һ٣ûлͷȥǸʲô
*
лҪ˵
Ķ


119 
û뵽 ҲǸˡ
չ̵˵Ǿ仰վɽֵıӰһСӰʧ
 ת Ѹղŵ¶ȫˣҲǴʵ۵ӣ
ǵǡ
ʵ۵۹Ҳôġչ̵²ϲڰŮˣɢζܲϲһָܵģ Ũζڸǵζ
չ̵· Ҫ뿪
ű䳰ŭ𣬴ѵͲõ𣿡
Ǹӡ
չ̵תзӣ
߳ȻзӲŽס£ Χԣ Ӫʱ򣬽ʱ Կɰ˴ߡ
ֻҪб°˲غã ˡ
ʢ¶ŴXľ ȻⷨçЩȷʵá
չ̵ϣ ŸԼĳǣг𣿡
ŷ֣гΣ ûΣ ҵ°һ µĵ̣ ĪҲزס
չ̵³Ŵ ЦЦŮ˵ҲǺܻơ
ϲǱҪһŮ˾ҪЩϲֶ̨ΣǱġ
չ̵²мؿ˳һۣ뿪
úݺţҧгݵصҾͲţôõĻǰ᲻ģ
СʲôѾӾˣ˽ôöû鷳ƫƫǵŕˣҵһѻˮǶ
һϣΪҲ֪˵ʲôʲôˮˮǸ˲صúðˡ
ڳ¸Ҳǣ⸱Իˣñ˶Ϊʲôˡ
ޣ
Ҫ潸ڵõϳ谮ľңң
ǵɫԽԽںȻǳ׷ˣ˵ĻҪûЕˣóľ
Ǻ̭ǼҲģ
ųǣ·ղһƲûаųǵɽµıȥô
˵촦ԥصʲôһоͶˡ
۾ǣūļˡ
ִɽŻصԼסӪ߾ѾѽӶصȼ
Ϻˮӻ£ؿڵСԺ߲ˣǸһͲǻԷģҪǱŻᣬ֪ᷢʲôء
ȴûã׼Ȼէ忤Ġdʱ࣬Ҫ̹١
ȷʵܲʹǣͲҪǣȻץЩϸ֦ĩ£аҲ˵塣
ʱɱ˲Ҫʵ֤ݣǵĿɱ
ֵͷţȥҰź򡣡
ǡˣһ忤͹ͷˣһɹмܲס
ڶ죬ֻӪΧɢǹҲԲ԰԰ˣһ˵ڲݵϱȥ
ĻЩ۵ﲻͳǿιëȻӪȥ
ǹƺΪʲôԼ˲Լһͷ˹۾
һǣͷȥɣȥһ
Զǹ˦˦ͷǣţһͷؿ֡
ԼϣڿĲݳȦӣ˷ܵؽţһһ
վӪſڣԶһֻڵ⣺͸ĵطڵڵػ԰ʵί
½԰ϾûˡԱͻȻȥֺӵæ
XվһһŰƵǹӺõ𡣡ѯʵĻ˵ͺƽֱġ
֪ʵĶ˲١ʱ䳤ˣҲտʼܲסЪϢһͲˡ
XΧԣԴǹȥܣҪ̫ܵԶԶΧ޲١
ҲһΧԣֻûΧʲôģǹ⿴Ŵʢİ쾫ɹŲǿɣ󵽵յĳεʢ
XðŹ֣ȥȥ
޽ʱһ㡣
лϣ̲ס۾ԶɱǹҲ·ڷɱ̲סǹ֡
ôԶX
ֻеĸƣ̲סֵҲôԶľ룬ǹܿ
Щ죬檾ԡ
XɱСͻȻָŷǼ䣬һӿд
û뵽㶵ؿȻǹ
ֻǹ͵ͣסɱĽŲŤͷվĵط
Xѱģѱ˼κιҪ˵Xʲôܡ
һ룬ֲŵĿǰת
Xץϣ֣
ЩϣǹСǲһ
ǼͱһҪߴ˵ʤޡX˽ǰͻȻֵһѰϡ
Xţ֣ʶ
XĺߣɣҪţǹẦ¡
ǡǻأ
ߣ߷·һЦ£ûѱ˵
ݡһȣǹС
Բ԰ѧ֪жΣգ
Xˣн˽ݡ
ǹ˲ҵļӷķ϶ﴩȥһʱܵٶȣԵĲݳɽ·ٺȣ϶۵ġ
ǣ
ڵĸо̫ˡ
תͷXߵĲֻ࣬ܿX촽
ģһĺɫXƼˡ
ģҲģЩ䣬ܲһ¶ȡ
ͻȻعͷȥXҧס촽ſҧסͷ
ֱҧЩۣ۾ſ
XͻȻſһִֻ֣תԼ档
ǲһĸܣԼʧȥ˿ƣûһס
Щ£ץ䣺ϡ
֣XͻȻ

Xֻûִִţ·Ƥ»
û뵽Щץ֣Ƕţ
ղŻ˵ԼμΧأԼôȥΧԣɴϻࡣ
˵
*
лҪ˵


120 
֪ ʢ棬һȥ
Ҫǲ Լ²ȥģ ˵ñúˣﻹҪֻܰkuziϵ
һ˴ʱɤӶˣ ܻӪʣ ӴˮԼϴ
ѾǸʲôģֺ׵촽֪ղ˶ǷʲôˮСҪҪԡ
ӵһ٣ á
ȻһšӲ
ǶȫŪϺˣ ֱȵͷΡ
ã汣סˡ
Ųţ Ժ͸״ɫ δô
תۣΧ֮յˡ
˯Ժؾ뻮һĽŲͼĦ ͵۾ææƿ´ʲôʱˣ ôûҡ
ƿ߽ îʱ̣ ūʹǣ ΧҪʱſʼ Щ쾫жء
ΪԼ˯ͷشϣûã Ϊʱ
Сģū澲ģʱ磬СҪҪһ
ˣҲ˯ˣҵ·ЬӶɡװ¶ô˯ţ˯磬һҲˡ
ԱȥùŮ̫׼ϴõĶԼȥϾٺõ·
ҿ۷ʺֱ㻹Լ·ȻϵСȵѥӣͷߵӪ⡣
ֻϴôṦȻȫˣȥӪﵽľǿ췭ɣˡ
ԶͻȻһۻĺŽЩϸѡİ쾫뻮һѸټȥ
ţҲɵһȡ
ӹСϲޣǹǸҲ߰ɡ
ǡרŸһΧԵ֪ԼǱӣһҲټʮ¸ȥ
һ˺ܿ쵽˾ΧԵĵط
ֻǧ쾫ɹŲļһ޼ʵĲݳϼᣬǰͷװֳһѾ޴󹭼X
ָԶ˵ʲôֻ쾫˷ؾᴩ
XһȣǰԱ˸Ϊ޴Ĺ۵糸Զȥ
Ӱ죬Ӣ䣬·ǰǧҲһ˶ս
ֱXӰȫסֲջĿ⣬˵ĵطĶء
æǽΧԣܾ֮϶ǰΧȦķȥСȥϱ߾ͿԣǰСĹľ֣ҰúС
ǰ쾫ɹŲ˽ĵطոǿΪ˰εͷ϶ңҪһ˵ɲˡ
ãҲɡҲһѹһѹƯõҲСȻܺ;õعȡ
һ͸СҲ̣Ұúʡ
һвʮˣϱߵĹľֶȥֵļǸһѧģһ֧ڶ֧ʱ׼ͷޱȣ֧һԶ
ʮ֧һֻҰˣǸϽֻмҰץŶСֻҰÿɷʣûȥųá
Ҳˡ
ȻЩܱȣԼġ
ٶ伸ֻƤһŵӡ
ǡ
ʵλݺͳ谮ƤʲǰõĶǺƤƤҪϺõġ
ⲻӦǾ仰Լץģõġ
ҰôĶ࣬ܵÿ죬һžʹһܳȥˣִȥ׷
ͻȻ־ǹе̫ܵˣóƽٶȡ
ЩǹëǹԣһЩһЩ
ǹǲͷˣ˦ë˻ΧԵ壬֦عιæϣͣ»ûֹסǹĽŲ
ŵûɢæ׷ȥ
֦ǹϣһЩ̵εһһ϶Ѫӡӡ
ֲ֪ǹ˶ãҲ֪ܵǹò׻²ӲôŴֱ
ŷԼ˺ʵľס⣬ֻܿԶĵط
ҶõζţǱǵĵԽԽŨ
һܣǻһһµعĶˣˣˡ
е㲻Ծ
̿ˮһӣɢһЩ
ǹЩǹĵߵҰݺ׼ԭ·ء
ǹƺҲָƽյƢ֪Լ˴£˳صתָķСܹȥ
ͻȻһһ߳ףֻųǵ¹ͻȻֵشʱ½ֹܹǣ֦仹ЩϼҴڵĺԼС
ָϽնյرܿЩһôˣ۾ͻȻҶһĨָ׳ıӰ
ֻܣ
Ѿֻܣ
ûдԣҲ֪жҪɭϻҪƵߣ˵ֻ
ˢسһ亹ڷݣ
ǹҲֻ֪ܵĿ£һߣӾܣѾ˲÷
ܲǹͳĵطƽϵʮ֮һٶȶӲߴᱻ֦סƤܿ챻һ˺
ЩѪζֻܷˡ
ԶԶһֻܵצ͵ػǹƨɣһⱻȥ¶Ѫܵɭɭ׹ǡ
ǹ۵÷ҽУһڵϡ
ֻһϣ˺ҧƤ⡣
ϵҲصˤϣźǶѾ˺һƤǹ
ǹ۾ʪͷǶһ£ԶԶ
ǹܴҪǳԣᷢСƢҲߡ
ֵһӻ촽ɿ°ѾѪ඼˺ҧǹץžͽһҪȥ
Ǹ˼׸ߣӱụ̀ϢŻֽŸûа
ץԼؿڵ·ڴڵغҪɹĸо³ȥԽԽܡ
ۡϵڸõҶڵϵһ̣Сһʹ
壬ҪǸնһ£ǹõֻֿܷմѪҺĺں̧
*
лҪ˵


121 
ԡ
Ѫ һӣֵƤ⡣
ոջ˲ֻѾ۾תԼĺܣ ˫ֳˣ Ͽܵ۾̫İĶҲǺܸȤֻҪ϶ǰȫģ ûõģ л
תܣΣյ
۾ȻãǱӺ飬ְʱʮ ˿Կġ
վˣ °͵ĺˮͱļγĶԱȣǺܺľ뻹һ̣ ѾܹŵŻζ
ͻȻ ֽ²һľ֦ǲһ ľ֦¶ϳɼڡ
ֶ˵ƽľܼĵطհӿľľķ϶ ˺ǹƹЮŷ磬 ǲһץϼֻƶղס
 Ӵ ϻô
ֲ󿴣 ֻͷܣ ֻõܷŭľѵ
ͻȻ͵رľڶըʶԱһ£ܵצӴҼ绮߼Ѫ˲ʪ󱳺°
˵ڵأ۵˼㱣ԼѪˡ
ŸܵҶգգ۾

ܶƱҪеXɹŲײ˱˴ˣ˭¸˭Ĺأѭźµټ׷
Ǻܿ죬һƥѾȥŻߵİǰ̽·ʶԾ˴Χ֮أͺײˡ
̽·İ쾫æȥXXѪǹʵľľ޹͵һ󣬺ݺݼסȥ
X׷Ϻܵʱ򣬿ıֺȫѪˤڵϵģ
ѸٳֻϣβŷһֻܵĲ
ʳһٵĺܱУŭͷѾֵ֣ײһŵĶX
Xٴ֧ʸڼ׼ޱȵкֻܵ۾Ըİ쾫ǡ
ȻһԾ£ݲߡ
ֺ󱳵˿ڲѪצ˺ѵƤţһ㣬ܰθץ
Xǰδеػȥ˵֣΢΢ŵƽҩ˿ϡ
˿̫ҩ۸һȥͱѪߡ
Xͷŭ𣺡ѽҩù
Ѻ㶼˵İ쾫һ˻ƵĻͷһæȥóԱĽҩ
ǶǻϿصİӵܣԵõĶõģЯĽҩϺҩƳɵľҩϵĽҩҩЧ
ŵڵϣѪɣ͵һλϲŭɫĵϳֵĻ֮ɫ׷ȥοҩƿӣҩȥ
ѪҺˢҩֱۣһҩ۶סֱ˼ʮƿҩֵĺ󱳲ֹסѪɫҲ԰׵ˡ
峿ıһҪɢˡ

ӪСϲӰεվӪ棬߶ľɫ
ֻֻ
СϲһγҲһľĸߣңһҲһ
Զӿ죬ӣʲôʱʼźСģ
ǵȻǡӲ˵ܾúܾˣ͵Сʦãǽ˹ųΪߵĹŮģѺλȥȻǽԺ󰡣ǰҺСסɽӣҲͬͬסġ
Ժأʲô㣿
Ժ󣿡ӾСϲʵеĪԺ͸СǰģⱲӶ뿪
תͷСϲôֵֹģ
ʵӵӣСϲѾֵݽϹЩƼٵ˸˾Ųʮ
ֻ֪жʮ
СϲҡҡͷŮ˶ʮܷ꣬Żؼң㲻𣿡
ɱȹڶˣؼ˭ӣҪݣ˵һϲˣмɰĺӡ
¶ؿû뵽ѽСϲȻЩء
Ӱڰ֣СڵĵطźãĶҲȥ
Сϲ֣ǺðɣҲһֱӵġ
СϲҲ֪ԼͷʲôʱеģӦʱò֪ʲôʱѿСȻ˴
ûûжûܻģȵȽԼֹסΪˣĿأϲŭ֡
֪һֱڹСϲǿķŻ˶
Ͼԕ˵ĳ谮ҪŮ׮׾٣һָ˵׹ݣǰõġ
ŻԲԲ˾䣬Ҳһֱ㡣
ŷӿԽԽӺСϲɵðĿŹȥԼӾȥΧˣ˵Щ档
ͻȻֻǰͷX̧ǰһˣմȾѪ
ϸϸһǸXţͷXϣ˫۵ĲԼС˭һŲܹȥС
X֣Ž˻ʣ̫ҽ
סӺСϲȥҲﲻæ̫ҽȻС»ӣе̫ҽ
ǣץŰСôˣǱȥΧᡪ
Ҳͷð𣬡ۼûȥֻ˵СܽΧԵֻ֣Ϲײˣ
˲ϵĺټ˵һ䣬̫Ѿе̫ҽܹæܹȥЩ
Ще̫ҽ̫ҽԺҽõģԷϳʲô⡣
ץܵ˻Ϊǻˣ˲ͷϵñ·ˣŰܽʡ
һȥŵŨҵѪζĽҩζΪ˵ĻڴأƵļմȾѪµ۾ǣκ
̫ҽǸŷִϻſһˡ
һµͬʱҩܹȥǸ߽ͷ˵˾Ȼ֡
æ鿴ֺ󱳵˿ڣüͷ
Xֵ֪Ӷڳ۾ƺҪ˶ѹ塣
Ǹֵָ֣ϣͻȻָ˲ͨһڵϣʡϡ
X˵
ǸɬƤСѾС
XϥϵȻսɫ԰ֽ֣ޣʵ
ϵأϺõĽҩֹסѪȻָһЩЩ̣ݡ
͢ҩһҽ̫ҽģҩЧȻõģֻҪעƣǸаֲ¡
ǡ
ǸڵϣСڸոջУҩԸ̥Ӱ졣
ʲôӰ졣Xʡ
Ǹͷøӵϴıҽ֮ʱˣ󲿷ֶĸзùҩЩҩȻܹĸĲȴø̥ܵӰ졣
ˡ
*
лҪ˵


122 
ֱǴ֮ͬ ӣֻ¸ǹ졣
ʼǲĲȱ֮˳ֵģȱָкڰߣ ⵽ϲ ˵
ڹ꣬ǸжôɣңXûַñ Ҳϡ
Ǹعڵϡ
Xڴϣ ſڴϵ֣Ǻ󱳵۵̫ˣ»ţֵüͷҲԽԽ ֪ʲôʱմˮ
ûã XԹڵϵǸҩ
ĺӣܱס ס
Ǹһ٣ּ
һѪˮӻ˳ һɾˮ˽ȥֱһʱȥ ǸŴ߳
ٷմȾѪҲûһɾĵط
߱߸СЩӶҪſţ ȱϵ˿ڳһЩ˯ ǲҩ ǳԵҩ ֻҪϷȲأ ûˡ
棬 εؼĻһȷϣСûˣ̫ҽҪҪٿ
ǸͷҪ˵һֱڻߣ챻ЩѪˮŵû겻ܹ̫ҽСôˣû°ɡ
ֻ۾Ѿ۾ԭҪǳİѻҲȥ̫ҽ
Ǹظһ飬ЩʱҪչ֣һҪʱҸѾУһЩɿڵĶҪڡ
ڱҪǷЩеĶϴ̥Ҳסˡ
ӻûӾűֱ߳Ϣҵͷðǡ
ˣ
Ŀǰʢ裬ӵĳҪȷѪꡣ
õ֣ǻҪ˵λһߡ
ֹ֪ӵİֻǸϢϵʵ̫һЩҪǕСܸӾͺˡ
֪ģ޸Ծʮ꣬ԾÿºҪСԱҩΪСͱҩˣⱲӶкӡ
û뵽
ǣǸӸСһô죬ܹݵ
ϲǣֻͬڻУأûƳʣſXϡ
ҹԵʮץһѶס˿ڣЩ
ЩʵXǰXһۣϣס͵ش
רŸϴЩ¶ֻһŲʣЩʲôݣʵġ
˵ڶ죬֪Ϣɡ忤ϣԼǸΪԭĻİѾ촦
忤ĠdʱҲҽ̲⵽˻ϵĺǳ⣬˽ѺľΧһطڴ˴ú÷ʡʲôʱʡʲôʱؾ

ںЩӳŰȸҳԵǣĲŰд֦|||||| 
з⡶һѡ㡷
ϼλʮ꣬ھһεĴѡɺŮ˽˼ңҪѡܻ䣬Ƿ۾֮
ô˵ӻӵģϾû˭ӹȥ
ӣǳֿȵڸ󳼣Ƿ⣬Ҫǲеǰ취
ͼ˽õĻXһ棬긻ǿò忡ɵһ飬ؾһεĴѡ˳ؽΪӡ
Բ˼︸˵иѾʢ꣬Ȼ˹ҲõϵĴ࣬Ǹѡһſ
Ųʲôſܱȵùϡ
˵ˣ˵ǕͱȻϻЩ۵ɳͷʱء
ƾžļòնڽ˹÷˹ˡ
밲һ죬;ðʺڵɶּˣһЩòײŽģɵӡ
ЩĪǳԴҩ߳ʹ̸ߣСظСźԼŮƵ
Ҳ⹬ֵֹģǼСòأǴҲ߯ˡ
˵Ů˶ĵطⲻ涷ޣ˵ԺլСǣ޲ð֬ˮȫϣ赱ͷȴ¡
չĵԱߵĹڻ̸·ϣǰͻȻ߹ĸ̧ż̫࣬Ůһһҵš
·̫࿴ľǵվŵˣæĶС£񡣡
ϼλֻ꣬һǾǕ
ڸǶû϶ôģҪʲôˡ
̧ͷֻɴļϣһؿɫϵˡ
ͷϴͷͷͷ棬庣ĵ£ͷ׺񣬲ӹžµơ
Щ֮Ű۾ǰȻʧɫҡҡƺɽѩֹֹƳ¶
ϣ
ϣ㿴ĲµĲ̣¸ԽԽ˵Ϣ
Ծ̧ͷĿżƶƶͻȻ̫ǳ⣬Ҫֱӹ
һʶԼҲǸֽߵŮãǹĹˡ
һ컹ߵǵ
½ˣɢЩҲԱģ߰ɡϵ˷˻
̫æȥǣȻת˸䣬͵ȥԺҪעЩ
ڼϵûѾ֪ڼ˼ͷϣĵԼһ˽ȥ
ĵϣߵǼõӣڱ£ӴǷˣһʥּ͵벻ɡ
ѾʮжһʱXûͣ±ʣԼֿһۣȻϣһҲʵشȥ
ˡֲݺһڣshireͷtianȥһshiluluĺۼ
㶫㲻ͷָؽ⿪ºĳ£ĵԼɫĳ°ǵֵϡ
˲䣬ģһɫĺ󱳺yaotun¶ڿС
ϵҪ޳һЩͷſֵҼ磬쵽ϸϣyaotunϴgengshenĵط
ֱһ֮дĵϣѷŵһأŷƱchouġ

һƣֵ·ٲܴˣƵۣһҪ˯ȥ
СڵʱƫƫڽвʥּȥУҪˡ
Ժ䣬˼㱵ص·ϡ˽½ˡСʮС
Xһã߽Լ䡣
ѻŵַŽ۽ǡ
ʮ֣޲Ű
*
лҪ˵
ĶûŶ


123 ִƪ⣬ϲıҪŶ
xXִƪ⡶ˡ
϶µɫҪǿڱֽϣ һ궼ģϽеóֵӰŮģû֡
ƫƫô鳡ֶʮǰͻȻݺݺ˳ӣ ۾
 Щ׽ӰСϢ˵Ծ˸СˣΪС˻ӳ¼լ
ڰȥĶС˽ʲô ʲô û֪
£ҪǳԾȥ粨ϲ׷ȵýѲĿ˳Ծʮ껹ϣΪ׬ȡ һŵıһð
Ծȥȥη
Ƿڣ ǳԾ۷粻ٵ߲
صѹͷϻһˮ顣
ǳԾӣ ĹɽӲϣ ָļ컨Ȧȥɽͷ
ΨһĶXվڶǰͷų¼ҴССݡ
˸绰 Xߣϰ壬Ҫ³
˵֡
X
ǡ
ֻͷ˻ظ ЩָXԷʱעɫ ˰ѹǻҺȥҲߣ ôĬصͷվţ ϻҪ¶ݡ
ëëϸԽԽ ڵҳһˮ
XƤЬմȾˮ ŵɫҲһЩʱһӰشӲð
˴һѺɫɡɫ׿ʵʵؿţɫϽʽɯᣬŰ׳죬ϼöĸ̵С
ݣݵӱСװ϶ܶ磬ƫֲϸƺܲס
Xֻ֪ڳԾȥǰһڣͷŹȨתЭ̸
Ҳ죬XʶԾˡ
ϵѾƽؽԼڽʵذź¡
õԼҪĶXʹʹǩ֣Ϊ˶ʶʱشӴʧû뵽Ȼܵˡ
һ棿
ͼ
˵߽ɡϻ¶°ͣǣ
Xɡָ˽
ȫԼ׺˶ʮš
ʮˣΪֵҲʮ꣬ǰʮˡ
һŰý͸޵üͦ촽飬΢΢͹Ĵһӣҡ
ȴ۾
ô۾ῴĹ۲˻ѾɻҵĳԾ
XĿ⼫ߴڸУеؿҲ֪ô£۾Ѹٴȥ̧Ŵߵߡ
Xδͷӵ˾Ȼںֻ˼ףȴ۸ֲһֵĴӣֻҹԹԴ۸ߡ
X۽ⲻɫػ۽ǻǼ⣬ֵ°͡
СĻӳĲԱˣֵĲϸ޳ЩƤ󾱴øɸɾ鷢ţƤ͸ɫѪܶһ
ԽԽɡֵĲ֪ʱб¶Ŵ
۵ݣݷ϶¶ɫˮ⡣
XһʼԭгXĸĸգΪXôЩ֪꣬ͷˣûŶ󣬾ͺǰ漸ʮĻ飬Ϊ֤˵İжô񵽿ԲҪӶӣҪѪ
ûжеXҲҪĹľˡ
ôЩ꣬ԼļҵѲǳϼưܵĴܹȵġ
Xͷڿǻﻬһ£ҧҧĿջ
ϵϸԽԽɡž죬ɥǶӵXѳԾĹǻҺзŽĹأЩ͵һ̵ĳ¼æſɤӿޣ·׵ĲXǡ
XЦĿⲻԾػԾͱˡ
Ȼֵ۾װڴͳһ˺ü۵ĶݵXǰģ㡣
XķۿѶӹչһǰʱճԾù˾ɷݸһ
дţԾ󣬹˾ɷϤXµĻԼȫغеķȫ֡
½ǣXǩ֡
¶һᱡͬһЦ·һ̾Ҫʧ
ǰѴɡת뿪
δ
*
лҪ˵
̫æˣҳԵ㷬ɣģĲŰķ⣬һŰûУ


124 ִƪ⣬ϲıǱŶ
Xĵڶμ棬 һĳƵվеʢϣʱX· Ƶվܲõ
֣ һСɱϷ٣Сһѵš
ڳԾϣְݵXϱ뿪ˣXͷ˲ ûȥԾκһ ײȺˣסӰС
Xʱ䱦ҲǴƼңȻ˿Щʮڵķ ȻͰ͵ȥ
Xֵûнͺֺö֡
ǣ û뵽￴֡
ϴһԲǺܺĵĻɫ ΢΢Щͷͣ ⿪ſӵĳ¶˳Ĳŵ
Xɹģز٣֪ϵ·ЬƷܶʱ򶼲Լģ ƷƷġ
ƷƷҲ˭ģݳƷƷƣV λεذǷΪŵȣ ģ ģ ܽ赽߸ĳ·Ь ߼۸񲻷Ƶ鱦Σ һģܽ赱߹ģģŶȥ
ǴXǰֵĵͶӣǸҸٿ顣
ǣ˺
ȫ涷޵ŮǶȻʧɫ
ר־ڿλϣԼһö۵ģֻɵģĲ˶еĽʱζĿϡ
XڵڶŵϣԱƵվܲ°ͣй
Ƶվܲ˳°ָķ򿴹ȥ㿴ʮɫƹµ֣֪̾Ķð˺߹ȥֵȥǱɣ佱̨Զ߹ȥҪЩ򡣡
ЩƵվĸ߲㣬СԱǿ֪ܲǰŵĵԱԼǵľ˼ϤˣɵðĿڱеϡ
ǿ֣ôһˡ
ĽףȦձ鲻ˡ
Ͼ˵ľƣǮԼ毺õգȡˡ
̧ۿƵվܲã쵽𣿡
ƵվܲõͷǣĿдģмˣ㡣
Ȼ֮ǰǣҲˡ
ֵͷԱߵ˵Ȼ߹ȥʮţһֱߵڶţȻƵվܲõǣ£ֻһ˵ĵڶ¡
һĵ콱ģƺûXֻ̨ϴĲ֪ĸ͹˾кϡ
XֿĲӣͷƫĿԼûҷ
ֵ۾ǣֻҵĽûҪġ
⻰˵壬Լģֵöѹ
Xû뵽⻰Ͼֵշģʮڵķ
ƺ֪ʲô˶ʮ꣬ҲطˣΪƾԼݼòܹ˵һЩˣϷĻᡣ
ˡ
ͣԼԽɫ籾ҪЩԭȤ˶Ͼһʮģ֪ʲôʱͱˣԼ˾С⣬Ǯȥܶ׬ꡣ
ûй˾ɽ΢һıӸݲţѾһϡŹ֣òľ籾ġ
ȻԼΪǣףʹٺ࣬һЩϲıӻǲ
淨Ȧ漯ŵĹء
ңѾСˣȻòᣬҲȥڹʮ߰ꡣ
ֲԸȡ
Ϸ
ݺϷ
һ½ﾡ˿޾Цĸо۶ϵ룬׷
ֵ۾XͻȻü˳Цݼ޵ذ°͵Ĵӡֱϣأһ𣿡
ϵһҲ
κһһʮˣЩ쳣
XӡԼֱϵȣŻ谵ƹпϵıӡ
Сһ̧ͷϲ³Ǹӣɽ뺣
ľ磬óдʷ磬дıӣǵӾİߡ
ɽ뺣ķ֮ǣͼ˻ĿǰнеĳֵϷǵǣνĿһϷ
ⲿϷƬXµӰӹ˾һֱȦӰ˾ӹipӰӳƷԼĲҵڱ֤ǰ»̶ȵر֤ԼĿڱӿڱ˫գ˶ܳǹ˾ľΪ٣ÿ¾ķһСС˺òɿ
ŵӶû䣬ƵվִչƵվ׵׵˴ȦĻȨ
ɽ뺣ڣơ
X֣ҪҵĶҪġ
һ۾һ㹻𣿣
ͻȻվһֻȹX˫֮䣬ݱƽˣϷҾġ
*
лҪ˵
ˣС쵽˽һġ


125 
ֻţ ϵ˿ڷһҩʵʵŮ̫Ŀһ̶Ҵƿ ³ʲôӡ
Ͼŕ˴ɡ忤忤 ԼǸɹŲĿЩ˵ɲǾˣڻǡ
֮ǵĶţ ޲ʱʱ̶ֺ̿۾ڕ˵ϡ
գ һֱŵЩѹļŵæǸǸ߽ʣźӴžϲ΢
æ߽ȥ ߵԲϣȽ⿪ŵ˿ڿһۣ ٽֵָϡ
ֻ˼죬էȻѹͷԻЩӦ һ ŻǸһš
Сǵ˹Źأ ҲҪƻǸַµ أ ڶմˮ ֱ˿ڿʼˮһ
֮ǰ˵ ֻҪȣ 㲻Σ
ã ƽȵضɹһҹ
ſŵ΢΢̧𣬡ôģա
ŴϵĽǹͻȻʧأԼ֣Ȼֻ֣ܳǹֻܲܣ˵ڵϡ
ҵʹʱĿ־ĸܣΪԼҪǶˣǹһ˺ķѡ
Ǹǻϴ˼ʱϵֵֻ¾С
ǹأʡ
¶ǰԴģǹѾӪԱߵɽˣСģǹƥĻĺţһܿĵġ
ܡ
ȡ֣Բ԰԰ôӡ
ǹȻӰǺܺú壬Ǿܱհ졣
һСִֻԲ԰عûľ·ּʱ򣬻ҪͷźãȻ
ǣҲûǹˡ
ſڴϣ󱳵˿ÿʱÿ̶ʹЩʹȲʹ֡
ǸһӣԼƺˣϽС簲˵ģƥĵС֪ڰȻȻỶϲġ
ȻΪ󱳵˴Ԫ򲻿ٻģ֧ŵס̥Ҳ֧Ųס
Ϣֶ֪ˣԴҶ⡣
էȻϢּһͷϣ㶵Ǹ˵ʲô
ܵġ
Ҳܻкӵġ
ӹ죬ַñҩ꣬϶Լкӵġ
ǸĿٴȷϵصͷСѾаµˣľ֮ǰеġ
ʱ仹̣ܵŵʱһˣԪ㣬õҩҲ̥һӰ죬ԣҪ뱣סӣҪСССġ
ֻһĲţ΢΢ԼĶӡ
Ǹġ𣿡
Ǹͷ
ͻȻԼĶ̺ģǧ
ϲӵģڹ⻹ǹڣֻҪӣϲ
֪ԼһãϲĺӣСӣѧ֡
ǣҲź
ϾԼӣĺǸԼһڹĵط֡
ǣȻˡ
Ǹ֪𣿡
Ǹ֪ջϽСһ˻ϡ
ϡô˵
óס⺢ӣǱסҪСֻδй
ſڴϣ仰һڣͻȻX
Xѵ֪ӺпܺԼһҲӹĺӳô졣
ôѪֻУǸ˵˼仰ֱֵסͻ磬˯ȥ
һ˯òʱˡ
Ϊϵ˲Ҷ㿴Xһ˯ˣﻹ߬űʣ̯īδɡ
ָڴ϶˶۾ʷ߹
δ˵־Ϳ˿ڣϣ檶ĺӣкδ㡣
ǻӣ޵ӣǹ޾һʳǡ
ǣҪǸ檡һء̧۾
Xϣͷϣ޻װ׵ظԼĲͬԼѡ뵱ĻӣǴĹ
˫۾ȴãڵXԼμXһ
ƷXϥϣЩƣǿ뷨Ҫʲôÿζһ
֣XϷ𣬡ʵ֪ġ
*
лҪ˵


126 
ľ XҲУʱʢǻæЩӦɹŲ塣
־סڻ ʱҹˣ ϰŴӣԱߵĲ豭Ҳһֱš
ֻţֻſţܡ
ץͷͷ棬 ô ¡
սǻԱܣһ·ҲûҵʵĻᣬ ƺǸʱ
̫Ϲ漰Ĵٹʤ˵вٳ͢ף һССɣóȻͱҲ޼£ ⵽̫ϹĶ֡
ڣ XӦýԼ仰Ӧû
Ҫôͷӣ ͻȻٵĽŲ һ̣ ߽ϣ ̫ҽסӪ˻ һʱƲס
𣿡
＾ ݳɲС£ ټԱ߻ľï֣һСľյԶط
Ǹţڻʱʱûвݣţס䣬ԭϵɹŲ֮һ
XǲϣǴģϾ߶иԶģǵսҪģһСľͻᱻһֱĳƹؿڡ
X߳ʣֻŻʲԶ̫ҽڵӪ죬һŻ𱻴紵ɵطȥСŻ㡣
ԽԽķ紵XϣŨ̺ͽζЮڷ
Xɫ˳Ű쾫̰˶ӪϷڣڻԳ֮ǰڳһƵĿյشȥԳͨ籨ţԼҲЩ׼
ǡX߶꣬ĿȾҲ֪Щݳǣһȫ
ҪɹŲؿڣ͢ôôŴǣɵĹһһ
ȥ죬̫ҽӪʽҲҪ쳷԰ȫϷڣһյͷˡ
̫๬ŮȥתƻҪXȥֱ֣ϵ˿ڸոҩѪû͸Сѱᶯ˿ڡ
ȻX߽䣬ûƹϵ磬ֵ洫
X۵糸һԱװõĽֻƾ˲ȥ
ž޴磬ƿݺݶڴͷҲ¶ϵֺɫҹ£Ŷߵˡ
һƱһ룬طסֱֹѪѨ
Ȼ˫˫ƱҪXǰɱ֡
Xһݲڵʯ佫ڽԱߵһѽУһֵס˫һһ߿ͷĽڳϴѪĽͬʱȱǿذſֵ߳ʡ
ּ米ϵ˿ѾƣֻؿXԼԽԽԶ
æԱߵݣд̿ͣ
ס磬ƴܵü죬Ѿյ˻ʶϣʱʱлű紵Ĵ
ԭæžȻһд̿ͣһ£
ǳȥһѾ˫֣סѨλһһˡ
X˦½ϵѪǸϼӿʣҪĶȫͳ
ǡ
Ƕ̿͵ĵĴָ
ʲôˣǿʮܰѱ߹Щϱ໽еģʲô̶ͷϾûвԵġ
ֹǻܴ˴ʤ̣Ϊոǿ
ǹƥ׷ĵͥʲͷ
ҲΪʲôķѣΪɹŲܹԹ
Xʣһһҹϣ̿ʵӣ΢΢ͷѻʿһϵҲˣӰץֻ֣Ĵ
̿͵Ѫû¡XŶյĻʣϵ˿ڣر
ȷʵû˿ڵֺݺһŵˡ
Ϊʲôǰɱ㡣ĿȷȡߵĲXκһˣѡ
Xǽֵʱоõ˾·ӳģҪרȡˡ
ȻûԼ쾫С
ֻļ磬ͷļϡ
ʣϣǷδ˲ΪλΪλɽӣá
һ·ϵ·ԼϵĶ߾֪̫Ϲȵˡ
û뵽̫ϹѾ鵽Լ䣬ϧ׷ֻΪҪԼ
XǰͷԼ̫๬Ůйˡ
X޲ã˵ޣܣܻԼǰ¶󡣡
һᵽ˵Ľңǣȷʵ
XĶȻûǳ檾˵ϣм£ѾѹڳˣҲֻܰлϡ
ǣֽԼ¬Աа֮ãȻ¶ƣȴǶѱӵ̫Ϲȵȫг
ܹȥôãһ뵽̫Ϲ֣Ǽ
ôŮﱻ󣬵ǻνĳϵĹߣһȥһҲԼһǧټҪӳǸħߣϢػĿƣɱ˲գ۵ֻ𽥱ͬǸԼʯԿ׵Ůһ
ûʬһš
ֳļXϣ̫ϹȲ
X΢΢üϢػ裿
ָղ˵̫Ϲ֣ԼϢػһֻ΢˿XһʣǶԴһҲӣæʣϴǰ̫Ϲط
˵֮ǰ޲֪˵Ϊ̫Ϲȡ
ǰһҴϱĴϳһ׮СֻҪصĹٸþС
ǵ֪쳣Ӧճ˴ע⣬˼ֺƿһصüĶ
ǰĽҩ𻯣͸˳͢͵طĲٹԱЩ¼أڲܵܳʱڶûб֡
ǰӳ͢ƽն֮ػô죬ԣɽִеϸģǶ𻯵ĳĽ
˽𻯣ߣҲɱͷߣ壬Ѿʮûֹ
Ϣػ裬X֪䶾ԵģһմȾ޶ϵĿܡ
մȾ𻯵ˣԽԽ¡
XĿ⣬æ̫ϹȵʱŮڻ£ֻһϢػʱʱϴ÷ӽϢػĶ԰γˡ
ֱXܿЩ
Xϵ£̿ͣӦ̫Ϲȵ˷޵ڰǣϧһдΨһӳҰȻ˱졣
XͻȻ뵽ʲô˲תͷԸȥǸ
*
лҪ˵


127 
ϣ
Ҳ ̲µX˼˵̫Ϲȵ˲Ҫ檵 ܹϢػ趾ԵǸ̫ҽҲɱ
Ϣػ趾Ծҷù˻ûް Ϊ˼ϢػƸˣһܽ˶ǸȻػš
ͷһǸǽⶾӵĹؼϴǡ
ںΣգ
˵
ɫף ϣ Ϣػ趾Եķϴģ̫ϹȴǽӣȻѾ˳檺Ǹ϶Ҳ֪ϴĴڣ һҪסİΣ
ϴһҽ뻯Ҳֻ ƳγϢػ趾Եķӡ
Xλϴӡ󣬱Ͼ Ҫϴ ʮ֮˾Ѿʱߡ
ҽ߳ĴXȻ֮
Ըȥϴ
ϴ ﻹ㷲ϴȥ̫ˣ Ҳ֪ʲô°ס

ڴǰһ ⳡʼӪʵĴ＾Ĵ磬 ƬݳյһƬ ԱߵҲȼ
Ũ̹ ڿ洦ɼ ¹һҹѾȼյԶط˿ǡ
ѣֻ˳ľΧе±ɽׯ
е±ɽׯ޽겻ų̫ʱϲе±ɽׯֱȵ޽Բ԰е±ɽׯ塣
ΪʵйȻɻֺꡣ
Xһйæˣ˵ּ棬Է˯ʱ䶼ûУ°϶ðһɫĺ硣
Ȼʱȥſڴϼ塣
ڼ䣬رǸأסˣһزܳ׸ԭ
չľΧĴΪXϽ˿ӱȥ֪ͨΧΧʧûľΧҡ
ûľΧңͺùΪ¶ɹŲķѾۼе±ɽׯX飬Ķԭϵô
ɽϰƺӾַ̣ʱߣ͢긳˰´ü£µʳûճɵʱ
һѹһ£סߣɹŲ巪ǵĴɤš
죬θﷸģȥŷǶҵڵĶԸſڿϰؿӿŻ¸ȥ
òѹȥһЩľΧֻ˼ť»߽ȰѹŮŵĶڿŵĹϣüôҲһҪ±˵һΪͻϴһֲ˼ء
ϲĻõĳ࣬˵ⷬǻ˾˵ȴ˾Ĺֵƣ˳캢رԹ˼䡣
㱧ԹҲ˴ţһӵĻˡ
УֵúܣһЩƽﲻע⵽Ķֹסطġ
ť»һζθһӿ̲סؿſڴأŻ
ť»ϱӻһ˵űĪǻųθˣ
ŻɫˣһչǷѵ֭Ż
Ͻ̧֣ƿûû¡ǣõеˡ
û˵꣬ſڴŻ췭ظβֹ֭ˮ̲סˡ
ť»ǳڴլŮӣլľǸӦһµĪǡϲˣ
е¶˻Ϻֻ֣ǸԼСϲãҴҶĬûиˡ
һ·С¾ˡ
¶̫࣬ûҪ
ť»Щʱһõġ
ť»֣ĿЩ죬Ǽϵ¡
ť»ϵ۾֪˵ʲôŻŵʱȥŷóʳˣ󻹸ȥ̫ҽСϲ
æˮڣѸո³Ķóȥζ¡
СôҪҪЩˮӶڿߣǵ֡
ְڰ֣û£Ǳˡ
̧ͷť»ϵʵڲ˼Щ
ֿɲ˼˵ԼµĶûζţϾ˶Ķ˵ûζǲܵġ
ť»ϰڰ֣ЩСֵĶӣ㾹Ȼˣ೤ʱˣ
ӱĸоֱ֣ǶƤһ£û೤ʱ䣬Ҳһ¡
ڹеģť»ϴ˷ܵЦصҲ̫ˣҪҽײţǲǻҪң
ǹţҪˣ̫ҽҲ֪ԼȻѾСԴ֪ԼУ־ĸо
·ԼֻƮյķݣڱ˩һߣߣǣԼϡ
ͷҲмXԵʡ
XߣԼôƮ
ߣ˵˵ȥǽûҵԼˣť»ӣǺֵܿô²ұأôƯĺӿ϶ܿɰʱҪöĶ
˵ţǹܵζƮ˹ɤ۶Żˣȥôйɹζ
ť»ԼûаҸոϴأء
ȷʵӺСϲŵĵζ
еҪЩ֣ܵӵСŲ㣬ť»Сʵǲ˼Ҫȥ·
ⷬ˵ò̫Ͼū澣ť»ǡӡ
ť»ϲ׷һ˵͵ţҽȻȥϴ軻·
ֵڸʱ򳣳Եĵģŷģˬ˿ۣ㻳ӲЩѹѹģҪǳԵúã
֪Ӻãһ˵ǻӵܳԵģɵһϲū澴Слť»С
ť»ϵֵллȥģúź㣬ˡ
˵ߣ˾ˡ
ֶ֪ť»Щģ˳ֽǸù򿪺иֻ֮ʮ¿ɰĸ㣬žĿ
⼸ΪֱèСθڲץͺţһǳɫСè״ĸ͵ߣС֪ʲôζģġ
СϲͻȻԱѸͻغ
㣬ǷŰɣСŷûľС
Ǻи㣺ôˣ
͵ؿСϲҾͲˣźӣɿڵĶʹť»ûʲô˼иҲ˲˵֣Ҫǳȥи̣Ҳ׵塣
ͷǶɣԾͳһЩ
Ŷô˵ӾôǺиǺ÷Żعϣ˹ԼŷļˬڵС˺һ׷СЩܲܳȥ
ˬڵСˣֿҲûţ˵ˣžЩ¡
ͻȻĿƵߵһ΢΢ƵĲϣʲô
̰Ѳ˶˹ȥּһյߣ˲䣬ͱŨҵζ˿ˮ
*
лҪ˵


128 
ʲôʡ
ӵŷ˵Сθڲã õģĹִ
˵Ĺ Ѿ̲ס ԰׵ϱһǳǳĺ졣
ӸϽСϲȥˮ
ֺС뱭ˮ̧ͷ촽Щ΢΢ס
ӵū澰°ɣСҪϲŷһЩġ
ְڰ֣ ǵõԼǰ ּһҪźóԣȥЩ˰跹ԡ
Ѿðһϸϸĺǻ᲻÷Ĺ ɼжϲ
ЩԵĶӼһŵ ˲࣬ļⶼҪ졣
ҽˣ ȥ ֲö˵˺Ӻζ䣬Сǰմġ
ɼ Сϲ
ֵָĶӣΪСӳԱ ūȥŷ й͵
ֲʲôصĶ ȫҪҲ¶ Ѿһֵͷţ ٽЩĳʳ
á
մŷûã ȥˣСϲ
ˮʪӣֲֲ졣
ӻһٿɿڵķˣҪ˯̫ҽԺ̫ҽˣС밲
̫ҽǵӪԴͷе̫ҽʮ֮𺣣ʣµҲˡ
̫ҽģƽ
ָղųԵˬ죬ȴЩ̫ĶԶĺӲ̫ãʵҸղųԵʳЩ֪ԺӿӰ졣
̫ҽѱһɴϣָȥ֮ζȷпθ֮ЧСٳһЩްõ̫೦θأԸҲܡ
̫ҽ֪еθڻЩ仯ҲθһСԶģ֮ﻻͬʱЩʵĹϹˣθ
šֵͷ
ʮ߰ʮˣȻ̫ҽĻɶԷ磬̫ҽ̫ҽˣ
С̫ҽ֮˺ˣֻǿѵùҲ
ǸֱǴ©ģǰѵƫһͷľ룬ȥү
Ҳɱ˿˸λãðƵ˰һˮݵӪʽ䣬ȼֻյĺ󱳣ȵԮ
̫ҽԺտţҲЩֵ
Сģ̫ҽƽ̫ҽԺ˶ãҶϣء
ϾûûĹǡ
Ǹҽ߳ͣᡯָָЩս̫ҽһЩ·̫ҽԺš
˷ֻе̫ҽ࣬ܶȻһǶˡ
̫ҽְֿ˿ҩ˿ڣСϵѾʼһֻҪĶûˡ
Լ·ǲǿԲſţƣҲµˡ
̫ҽƽɣܲԣµҲУֻҪעⲻñϵС
ѾڴſС£ֹͷˣһ˵ܹµߣжˡ
̫ҽһߣСϲԼЬйԺߡ
ľѾʮ죬һ£ҲʱůͣżķѾ˼ֺ
ֱСϲţԺ̵ţΪϰŲܶ˵֡
ȴˣϵЦҲزסһȦһȦ
Ȼһ俪ʢĻӵͷϣִͷ
ʶס̧ͷһ仨ӵǰŽлء
˳ȥֻй֮ԵĲչ̵һй߸ߵݶϣһɫĳһ鱻ĥǧٱӲʵַâ¶
Ųչ̵£յģݶϣѱץȥ
չ̵ץһѷɫɫĻԺӱߵץסǵı¡
ֻ뿴㡣
ְסĻŵԺʯϣү˵ЩԳнӵĻ
ʲôԳнӵģǲԭҪľȥûԹˣų򣬡չ̵ݶվֵҲڣֻǱ˰벽
Ŀֱ׶ңһҲԼŨŨϲ
֣ձ˵ĻһֱֻҪ˱һҲҪŮˡ
Ȼ˵꣬һ֦Юŷɱȥ
չ̵¿ԺǽXһ֦˲Ǽ⡣
ɬϴǿߵǿս⣬һҲûб׽ĺºΣһݶϷɵԺվǰXŻոǿ¹ճ̡
*


129 
Xɫûһ˿ ַֻʯϵ仨һ䣬ߣȥ꣬±ƳЩ̾۶ Ӯ
ޱȵ̾ ˵õȥնЩܰϡ
չ̵ӥһ̾˹Ȼˣǳȴ֮ˡ
õǹͳ ǽûã ֻߵԶһĵطֿȭ͵ǰһ̤Ӳĵשķѡ
һӰ X
ָ˵Ҳ壬 ֻչ̵ڵسȥһȴݺǽǶ XǸָ̾üġ
չ̵ֱĨһ´ǵѪ XXˡ
Xָһ ۵ֱֱ̾ûǽשʯġϡһ ¡
˵ ּչ̵¹ ؿڵʹ X ߵǰ
û뵽ҸԼ˵ ɵüġ
չ̵Լסһ˫۾˾ˣԺٲ㡣
չ̵ͻȻ¶һЦǾãϲ㡣˵ַ꣬Ӧ߳Ժӡ
˫۾̫־ãǾ仰ĵġ
ǡ
ѾԹ߽Xתȥ
Xֱ˿ϣַֻ̾ڰϣ޳𪡣
ֵֹ̬߹ȥһ档
X壬ԵƱſĶ棬û֡
־ʼˣϣôˣ
X˵Ҳѷڰϵַŵϥϡ
ּﲻסЦ߹ȥӲذӸȥָϣղſˣ檶ûʲôֻһգӮ 
X䶯˶𽵹ذͷת
ּǰֱֱ̾ǽı£ôȥأ̫˼ˡ
Xڣ֣ںǲǡ
һôԩҵ޹ӣĶУǻó檶֪ô˵ˣҪǳֽŲô˵ҲҪûϽ̳̽檡
̾עĪ˵һǽǾҲסһXʹ˰ţü΢΢˵㻡ȣͲչ̵¼棿
ֵͷ檸ľΧգ볼ײˡ
ӪɢҲײϹһΡ
ܺ͵͵˿ţϡǡ
XͻȻסѺĻ̻ȥ

ֻ붺û뵽зӦ̲ס۾ò䣬׵¶š
Xӿɲôͷһء
˵ʲôܣֻǺܿĺܿģûĿġ
ãȥŷùӻˣû뵽XڣһʳеĹ߽ȥ߽ȥߵСū澸ŷǱ߽ˣ´ε嵭Щٷŵ㡣
ŷ¡֪ϲڵģģ
ӾͿXæ
һXѵõûоǰʧǵ֣ϲ֮
ֿһӣͷǣ˳ڣĶЩθڡ
ǲҲϲģֵ檲ϲΪϡ
Xùһֻ֣Ūϵӣô˵̧ͷƺΪʲô
ֵĺӿ϶θڡ
XŪӵֶ˶٣Ŀ⿴ĸ
Xλ꣬Ųϲȥ󹬣ֻõĴӺĶӣԼɹ϶ѹ˺Ů
ЩӶƣһûĸɰţȥǲܳѻӣʧҰԡ
ʹЩа꣬XĴЩһ¼Σ꣬С¼һ档
Xʲôãļҵ˶ģҲǡ
ԣֽ뺢ӷһ˵ʱּˡ
뵽ֻǹˣµǸգǸӣҪλϵǶĜi
û⻰Ŀջأ׼ţ̻ؾ
Ҫȥˣ
XͷľΧѾò࣬빬̫á
·̣˵Ҳ̣ľΧԲ԰ڹſڣȥȥһиʲô£޳Ī
ֵУҲûʲôʰģЩԵġ
ˣʲôճ檳ȥһˡ
ȥǹк
һ𣬷ïĲݳΪڵĴأǴ괺죬Ĳ˵Ƚ껹Ҫï
ִСϲһǹǸСɽ¡
Сɽڵطɱģ죬ǣŻȥһİơ
ֻǣƬϣֻһ£С
ΣӵֱۣŸѵĺһߵСǰ
ӺɰóŴֽŵǣŵСͷģǹҾҪˣΣ㲻ܸһȥˡ
ңָ꣬
ϵĲľңڿдҲСϵҲҡҡ׹
ڷƺյƺ˭ܵø졣
ָǹ˵˻ߣߵɽţߵԽԽԶֱһӰ֪ɽ±˶õĲչ̵²߳
ĿѾҲκӰӵĵطջأһƨСԱߡ
Сְ飬ǷŽȥʵ
ȻŵƤңݺݺһھƣҺ˳Ų£մʪĲš
չ̵룬ԼǺϲǸ˵ġ
ֹϲǱϲһĶ
żô棬ƣ뿴뿿뱧
չ̵º֣Լû˵ٻ
Ӯ𣬾
һɣչ̵ͷСϣڣҰɡ

ʱһӴĶ뻮һ̤Ϲ;ֻǶЩˡ
ɣĠdʱĠdʱĸϡ
ϻãʹεƣҲǻʵ۵ĳӣƲʲôˣܲXҪ˵
ɺĠdʱһֶ̫Ůһ̫谮ĶӣȵعĠdʱľٲûؾϢԼѾ͵شϢһȥ̫ǵը˲ɡ
ֳű˳ԵĹϸСһЩڵĹӣ¶һûüʣɺ忤忤Ǳʲôͷ˵ģ
ӵСˣϴϾ˲˴£ҹʹɸ츣Ǹƣ忤Ҳߡ
õĹŮֵó裬ʲôûʲģӶ¶ʮ
˵ǰͬ츣ġǹҩӵˣϷܵҩŵСŵǹʧأֺֻϡ
͸һģڲ˵ļıע˺顣
Ȼ¶ͬĿһ£Ҫֵ
ӵɱץŵʱŵĺܣֱϴ˶ƣŹġ
ɰԼϵףXΪʲôᷢôĻ
˵ûˣҲᱣסǵ
ֻǶXҪ˻ԥ
Ҳֶ֪Ů̫ǶжģXү
ͷ󣬶ֵعСɴƲɡ
ֽŹܲһӲȥֻ̫Ҵ꣬Ժеʱײء
ǵǳҵϣû֡
Ҳֵͦģ˵ֶģƫƫξȻסˣʵڲ硣
£ֻǲ֣ûü֡
̫ˣɹŲĿǴˣеˣֻƵ˶档
ǿϧˣˡӷ߷߲ص
ҲЩϧϾ·ǴľΧ˽ģû뵽ƻˡ
ţһ̲סġ
ʮ죬صʢǣһȥһأľΧӣѾ뾩¡
ֻصʱͽӵϢĹŮ̫ѾѵڵɨøɸɾһϲЦտعڹǶ񣺡ӭСع
СϲӸųȥתһˣûܳȥÿͶӡ
ԹƢԺãǸϽлͣЩԣæôˣĶˡ
֪ˣһˣˮˮ̿̿
ϵ˰£źϵֲſţֻſţˣӸԼһӱ˯ˡ
ǵĻؾľΧ¶Ҳ˳һٵڹﴫ
һɱϴˡ
Ġdʱ͸Ϸһһľ
С
Ϣ֪ǴﴫģϾû˺̫ҽ˭ȥ֪޼
Ǵб۵ģɲôҲš
رǻΪɸϣ忤ľۿר裬ھȻ˺̥
*
лҪ˵



130 
ͥȥģ ඼û֪˴ˣȴԼͬشﵽڹſˡ
Ц˻ԭ˺һ 뵽һˡ
ͥ ŴЦЦһϢˣϲ£Ҫ׿˵˵Űġ
ˣǿȥֵĺѣ һҪ߰˴ʮΣ عŵ̫඼ʶǽȥ
Ĺ跹ԣͿںͳͥ¿ӵ øɣҪҪЩ
ںͳͥǲܳģ һͮͮɫӾۣһҲϺϡ
ڵϢʱһЩģ Զﴫ ǰû˵ϲԵڵĶû뵽ġ
ÿҺͳ´Ӧ뵽һ Ϣ滹Ǽ٣һ  ڲʧ˵ĹŮͳͥߵŮѴ
λݲߣ Ȼȱ㶫
ȱһ£ һ¡
ùŮѶȥźã ԭǲ˵ģ ·ݻС⾪ţû뵽Ҵˡ
ոջڿЦɫһࣺеϢûʲô֪ 
ҡͷֻлϣߵСϲͻԼϲǸ֪һ˶ûߡ
ǴϢûģ蹬˵ĵɱء
⹬ŮˣҪģһϵĳ谮á
ӳԶ˵ñȻϵĳ谮ΪҪһӣܹú󹬵ŮվȽŸܰǰļе
ԵĲ˵̫
ʱֻһССĳڣǶ˻ϣڹΪ̫
ͥڹ˿ͷһᵽЩ˽ֶξ͵սľ֣Ȼ֪٣ͷ֪˭Ϣ
лɵˣֻвȷֵϾҲûú˶ţҲܲġ
Ǹɵˡ
˼µť»ϲ롣
ҪԼǰŻعеϢɣֻỳɵ棬ԸõСŮϡ
˲ò仰ʵٺʲˡ
ںͳͥͷг㣬ģ˴յǰж೤ʱˣľϵģ
£һûôӣȥľ֮ǰϵġ˵̲꣬סһڹķ
н׷ִĹһֱǼϾðϸϸĺ
ԷںͳۣͥţǶӶˡ
еθڴģܳԾǺ¡
ͥǰ˵ĸܳӾİף˳ͷĺӱضŴһ
ԼͼϲӣкһЩͺ棬˵˼ϲء
ģӴ
һԣɷµӣЦֻ˺ͻϣӿ϶Ưý
һҲǡ
Xô᲻ÿ
ĵͥŲߡ
վڹſȥıӰ˵ӰʧڹսǴŴӻȥ
ףǷǰѵõ徻ˡ
̫һĠdʱɴ£ʺѾ£ʹĿǰûĳͻѱԺ󲻻ᡣ
ģť»ˣ֪ж١
˯ɣʱ磬Ҳ˯šֺһС

ڶ죬ֻ˯ЩӾСˡ
۾ôˣ
ղٹּ˵ɶҪȥٹ̫밲
ԴӻʺУ밲׮¶͸ˣҹŸӡٹ̫밲߲ơ
ֵ˯ȫޣƿЬ´ͷץʱʰɣ̫Ǳ߲ط
ǣӴŹŮֻ·ѾҪǰЩӺʵѵҲᱡ޻˽С
ֽľһۺɫ£˳ɫĳ£ΪУûףһ˫ƽ׵Ьӡ
΢΢һۣ߰ɡ
̫밲ȸʺ밲磬ϻмҹɫӣԱ߻һ¡
СϲԱһյƣಽظ
У·ݻСʱ򣬿ŶǴ¡
߳ûԶסǰǕˣ
ֻعֻûɿ߼׷ϴЦ
񣺡檼
æס֣ʲôأĺλҲͺͱһˡ
˵Ƿڶߣ뵽Լͻˣֲɵ룬ɲΪڷɣ
Ժ¶˵׼ͻȻڶ㱵úܡ
ʵէһЩģԼƭ
ʲôкӣûǷģԭǼٵģŪԼ
ҲףƭԼôأгӣۿŽλǰ϶£ҪǸԼܰˡ
֮ǰĹϵֱŹϵ
ֻҪţԼںͷҲܺЩ
Цأٹ£ӾĶȭˡ
ֲɵСϣͷ۵ĻţǰЩɡ
ǿɲ㣬ɸ粢ż磬ȥľ¶٣Щ˺󱳷
忤ɵ¶ʲôӦ֮
ֵǱãǱõĵһ֪ô£ܺ𣬶һŲ֪á
ҪȻʻȥ
ɵ뷨ıϡ
Ġdʱǻϵ׵ܵܣ̫ӣֶ̫Ůȥһˣ˵ЩһЩ̫մ״ʵģҲ͵ȥ
һСģ̫סӣɱ˶Ҳ֮
ֻаѴµͷڻϣõġ
̫ںһ죬Ҳлѹš
ɵֱ˴ϣû뵽㾹ȻѾ뵽
Ҳȷʵ֪¶ϡͿˣϡͿ˹ȥѹѾ䶨
ɵ⸣عûвĽġ
ͷɵ̾˵ļҳ֣ȵ׳ʱİŮɫ˭Ҳƫ裬˭Ҳ䣬һˮ˵ƽƽġ
ƫ˻֮갮÷ħԼĶ䷢ңչ
ϣǰҲһ飬ĹһֻģԴӕ˽˹רơ
гӻãǕƫƫС
ȵĺһĴӣʺĺӣ¶϶ٲˡ
˵ףףʺ˵Ψˣ岻׷Щܻ䣬һֱŻãʧ˳裬ӲѰ
ĠdʱҲ̫ıһ£һӣָҲزʢǣƫԶľմһˡ
*
лҪ˵


131 
Я߽ٹ ߶Ѿ˻ʺ󡢵ɡ϶ѹˡť»ԼǵˣµĳںʹӦûʸͷ ȫվߡ
֣ ȸʺ͵밲Լλϡ
²еĻʺˣһûжѪɫ ߵⶼȥ
ǻ࣬ ʺƢҲû֮ǰô͵üͷ΢΢𣬴΢΢׹Щͷ
ǰδйġ
ʺ󶼲˵ ȻҲû˭ݼžֻյϵ 䣬 ò֡
ҲĬĬĺŲ裬 ܿ죬ǰͷ һ۵̫Ӻ߽
ĿڵɨһȦϣ վ 񣺡檸̫밲 ̫򸣽𰲡
һݺݺ࣬ Ȼʤա
̫˫ַϥϣ ֱֱͦģ ɣһЩ˶أҪһ׳ôϲҲѰҹصľȥ
⻰һڣڵ˵Ŀﰵֵ
ֻû˶Լղλϡ
ڣ̫ȴô׵طŹֱ˵صˣ˵ľΧˣȴ˵ɺ忤忤ģûϴɺ͸ϣ忤ľ
ܸ߰ң棬ʲôģʲôٵģ
ֻش̫ƹܺ󹬶꣬ǵһô˷ЦĴԣúõΣգԸԵɣûߵڰס
ľҶ㣬ں󹬣Ҫ˵ϾҲǺˣ㻹û˳ܴɳȥ
ò˵ִƺȨ̫һھס
ǽ׮µԴͷʧأ˵ԵȫԼעⲻС棬֮Բ˳򣬱ҪһֱںģʹϳżΣвڵʱûŵʱеǷԿ
ͬʱ˵ˣڻǰŪǷǣɺ忤ķ
վ򵽵ϣһͷֱ̫󣬴³ֽҲǣճͻȻʧس֣ҰЩ޵ĿʳԳ檲֪淢¡
֪ɺ忤޵£΢ᣬóȻԣ̫ˡ
ڵ˶ΪܳԼӵϢ۾̫һ˭ġ
˵ǣɵôһڡ
ⲻڸ̫֪ʲô忤飬΢ᣬȰϡ
̫һ뵽ĠdʱľԿۣ֪ε£žһϣһ˵죬ֲûϻᱻԻֵܵĲ˸ٳ£
ˣѺȥ͢ʮ
̫üëǻԹңҽҲҪɱˣû˴Ľɽ
˵Դǣͦô£˶̫ڸĠdʱȻûϰĠdʱľ
̫һڵķΧɵǰŲӣŹڵϵ֡
治ɫ̫Ҫ檣һԹԣܺϾǻϵĸף̫󡣡
ֻʸףԼܷҲܵʹЩ檾˺δֵ̡͢
̫ų׵ָ֣º͡
ǣ̫ǳȻ檽ֹ̫ͣǳ檵ĳҲǴ̫󡣻Է£֮£ǻԼҲҪ£Է¡
̫ǻĸףŮӵıʣڳͷµĳӡ
ԣѳ᲻ãҲƫõġ
̫ķϣΪʲôҲŪס
˵꣬ͷڵϣǫ
Ǹոջſ̬޲Ͼͱȴһ亹
ЩɶǴСҲӴһЩо仰û˵Է£֮£Ϊϵĸף̫ȻҪɼʡ
̫Ȼɱ֣ʷ̨ЩԹ٣һץס²š
̫ĸܵܿǳ͢ԱԹҧϣǲȱ첲ȣҲҪѪ
и׳нõĿŵֽ˲òɵ
̫û뵽ֻԼؿµæס̫̫
Ǽ״æ̫Ϣŭ
Ƿŵ̫ݺݵ֣ץϵ÷ƿԱƫ¼÷ƿļڵϣһء
ҵٹ
ٴθһ񣬡檸ˡ
תȥЩԭҪϷɶɵ˿һЩÿһ·
ָ߳ٹXײ˸š
X̫ء
ֵڵڣֻǱЩ̧۾XϷ檰ɡ
ķǣXٹ洫Щֵ
ǡͲأղһǹǿͷģûôõĺ۵òУȥӿǲ˿ѿˡ
ˣX߽󣬵̤ŵʱ򣬸ϼݵ
̫꺮ůæԼϵ·룬ͷûᣬгŴͷš
̫ڱϣɫ԰׵ԼؿڣһӲģ
XһʺɸX̧̧֣¡
ԭ뵽ǰ׽˳Ѹղŵ¶˵һ˵˶վס˽ŲĲ鲻Ը˳ȥ
һʱ䣬ֻʣX̫Լźˡ
Xȥû޵˭Ҳ
ǡհ죬̫ߵ¡
̫һ˲Ļңһ£XĿҲЩ塣
XˣȻ߹ȥ̫ԱߵϣĸǲûĹˡ
Xٽ̫ĸ󣬺ܶʱ򣬶ǻ̫
̫ҲϰԼһĸ󣬿˿ֵһĨЦæȻ벻ٹРdʱ
̫˳˵Ġdʱ֣۾X۲ķӦ
һı鶼ûУɵսȭͷϣѠdʱľΧҪʲô
ѵǻdʱҲҪôôݵģ׵ܵܰ
̫ԽԽ˵׵ܵǼֵʱ򣬼ǺģҲһ¡
ǣXֻǾؿķ񣬲ʳ˼̻𣬲֪˼伲ࡣ
Ƭ̺صһĸͬĵܵܣ޵Ȼ֪
ҪΪ㣬Ѿ޲ɼĸһȥȵۡ
X̫û뵽Ȼ˵ŭɽҡ
*
лҪ˵


132 
ԴXǻΪۣ Ѿû˵й֡
̫XгڣXֱֱĸĿײһ һ̣ ̡
̫Ŀȶ㿪ŭһڰϣйԼŭ
XĸǸˣȴһκͿ 㰮 ȴǹֻýǰͻȥ
ȻҲλ ǡ
㡪̫û뵽X˵ĻԼȷʵdʱ̳еλ ٣dʱԼĻ Լ ƲԼһί
ǸˣԼˣ Լǰա
ǣXʲôʱԼ˼ģ Լ֮ǰ̬ Ǳʲô˼ŵġ
ԼĠdʱʲôԣ ΪĠdʱ ȵ۲ŲΪ ΪĠdʱ ᵽĸ׵Ŀֺ㡣
ԼԼ֣ΪԼĶĵЦԼ
XֻǸŮ˶ǸŮϲ·ЬӣÿμԼǰһʲô¶鲻Ը
ծǰĥԼģ
̫ԽԽڲԣ㲻ǰҵĶӣû㣡
Xޱ飺ĸ󡪡
û˵ڣ̫ͽסĻͷݺݵؿף㲻ǰҵĺӣ˵ӻԼĸףûŰҹֻǸ˵Ůˡ
ȵǰ˵㲻ãû˵ҩ㲻£صߣ㲻أ
X㲻ǰҵĺӣ֣ûҪҰ
̫󼤶ùͷһɨɨϣڵϷƵ죬XĽűߡ
Xţסİ
һͱܲʻ̫ߣܲʻ̫ӣҲУչ˵û
Ҳġ
Ƶܲʻ̫ᱧССĵؿޣĶȥˣ˵Xý֡
Xܲʻ̫ȥĺӵ֡
·ЬӣҲǸȥXġ
ԣССܲףԼXǣԼ˭
ᱻܲʻ̫Լĺô򶯣ҲᱻʱƵܲʻ̫ŵܶʼ
Ȼ֪Լĸʱֻλ̫
ɵΣԼĸԼãᱧԼᰲοԼԼ±ġ
ǣXΪĸĺöܲʻ̫һȥԴĿ־ʱĸȴҪڸǰ͸¶ܲʻ̫Ϊĸȡ
ʱXꡣ
XۣѾģ֪Լĺ
һڱǰŶԼ谮ĸĻӣΪܲʻ̫ʧȥһӵĹϵȻʶܲʻ̫ǰ̫ĻȻǰ˵ܲʻ̫ԼãʹԴﵽ̫ĿģȻʶܲʻ̫ɣأ
ֻᱻȻʿᣬܲʻ̫
˵̫ܲʻ̫ҩˣסֻ̫
ԣX̫ԽԽ٣ܲʻ̫Ķӡ
ܲʻ̫ز۵Ļӵ꣬ܲʻ̫·һۿγѣá
ڣXܹԼ˵X鼤̫󣬵̫֢ٹľźãĠdʱ֮ǰ˵ʲôʱĺˣʲôʱؾ
X̫⻰ҪԼĽٹѾΪΪʲôͲܷŹ
̫ˣѾǵ΢ѪϵŹˡ
ȻƾӴüصˣڻƺӾʱһֽ֮ʱߴعʱժͷ
һ׮׮һͶɱġ
̫ҡͷȵ۵ĶӣǴү
̫ˣ޽ԿɱX
ڷ·𱻳˿̫һѡ
촽˶Ҳ˵
ԭ߸ߵĵһƺҲñơ
X߳ţŵİͻûߵӽ𣬾ͱٹ̫İ
ﻰ˼ľѳֺ󹬶̫󣬾Ȼôľڴˣ
Ϊ
ڕ˸̫˿Ϻžɵ˶롣
һ룬˾ˣæ֮ǰЩ߰ͷ˻ȥսսɢˡ
XŰ߳ٹƳĹš
ĵʱҲûͣ£ֱ
һϼݵʱڴϣӿԼ󱳵˿û˺ѣæҪ
XӴŸհѽŴϣҪЬXͽˡ
*
лҪ˵


133 
ֵӡ XӲ**ߣŸɳרУ Ҳһϸӡ
Ǵ˿̵X Īǰеӡ󣬱ͬߵһҲΪ˵뱯
ִЬӣ ҪСϲ裬 XǰסҰŵ˴ϣȻԼҲ˴
ǿ˫Ƚֵȣ׳ı۰εر֡
һ£ Ĳͷϣϸϸظš
ٹֱģ ôʱ䣬XٷְǴٹ뿪
ٹ﷢ʲô ûȥ룬 ⲻҪģҲXҪġ
ʱһţ ϵһֱάŽӵơ
ֱĹӰ죬ȻԽԽ Xҧһڣ ˫ڴϡ
ûղŷ£ ֻճ˴Ѿմӻʢǣ סܵı ֱ̫Ϲȱɨɾ֮ǰ ᳷롣
Щһֱģ̫ϹȵXһ˺壬ϢϲɵøЦݺ;ϲ̫ˣллϣ
Ȼʣ̫ϹȵЩŮӣʲôõ³̣
̫ϹĲЩɻｻ׵ĞòŮӣбʶͷź˵Ů 
ЩŮЩòŮӻҪ࣬Ǵ಻ʶ֣Ҳܸ˵Լ
XĿǰ̫ϹѾƣֻǶӪʱ伫һЩ˳ȥǸԼϵ˾ˣȻԼԸҪģһ·ѣԸؼҵģӡ
֪X˵÷Ѿˡ
ɵÿX۾رסļ米ͷǰ

̫ĽٹǰҲӿڸ󳼲ü˼Xּ飬ñ̰ƺӵ̰ӣڻ¸ӵаУǿǿʢܱߵأ°һĺ˾
գڸ󳼲üͱժ˶ᣬſԴ
˳٣ǣϡ
һʧףʵˡ
ǰϢϢأť»Ϲ˱϶ѹ˱ᵽ乬ɱݶλΪŮӣǸСҲ͵һϥʱš
ҲλΪɣҪǴӻףֻҲһˡ
ʺĸ壬һ峤ʺĸףҲժ˹ñסһXһŴÿƾ٣볯Ϊ١
ССĹ˳Ҳһԭмʮ˵ĺ󹬣ֻʣʮ
֪ЩΪ̫Ϲȵ¶ģɴΪʲôʲ
֮˽ɽû˱ǸⶫΣ
Ѿ˸еĻʺ壬ֽűڿϣǶȲĶӣֵ־Ҫȥ
УҲ࣬Ҫȥæ׼
ϵȲˣ̧ŽžҪߡ
æסʺļҲҪŶĺӣͻϵ׹Ѫպָˡ
Ļϣڸ׺ֵǱΪƽգҾŴòμӿƾ٣볯Ϊ٣һϣ
ϽԼĶӣǣ˵öԣʧܳ£һҪƽƽ
Ȼڹſڵţһȥȥĵ
æĵʺĲºС̫æӭȥ밲
ʺѾûӦǣֲţŲе߽ȥ
մӵڳİһʺ󣬻ǺǰһϹϾشǧ񣬡ūŸʺ밲ǧꡣ
ʺأҪϡ
æҪ
ҪϡѾ˵ʲôˣ۾ֻĵĴţ˰Ļȥ
ûʺЩԾͷڲЩ
ûлϵǲܷ˽ȥģʾС»ӣ˰ذ˶סʺϵƢҲ֪ģ˽ȥūҪԹ䣬Ҳ𡣡
ҪȻūȥͨһ
С»Ӻ̫ɻȲŻʺҲ޷ȥ
ʺֻó輫ˣЩūţǿһʽ΢ǰ
»ʶҪЩ˸ۡ
ֵ֣òװͷıŰѹȥǾͷ֪һĻʶϡ
ŷֶ˶һûĺӣ֪ʲôġ
ʺһ尡
Щӵ¶ŲͽȥǣūȥϣԺƬ̡
*
лҪ˵


134 
ûһ ͳˣXּ⣬ûʺϽȥ 롣
Ϻĵ ֪XϲҲӲʲôҪ¡
ϴֵһγг裬 Ϊڣ ȥʹ밲ǱǽҴʵݣԼXʸ³̡
ϺܺڣûǸʱΪǿ ڰܹвԼĴ
Լæڽȸĸ׺͵ܵܣҪڳ ֻܵȸеĻʶԺˡ
߽ĵ㿴X֮ͬǰÿһ ڱӣ ָдһּ⡣
ϴ󸹱㣬 ǿX񣺡檲μϣꡣ
ǻʺ ˵밲Ϳɣ ˲μ֡
Xͣ±ʣ  ԹŮûʺ󡣡
Ů߹ȥ ϴֵϷ ֱӰԱߵϡ
ŮͷɵֹʺкǱһˣƤƣݣ߸¡ĶӼֱ˴Ŀģĺˣ˵ˡ
˵ǰĻʺǸеˣڵѾͻͬˣʮ겻ֹ
ԭΪXԹԼû뵽ôƲסͷıƣɫһӾͳ
Աߵһ֪Ҫ֢æֱۣ˵Ҫл˵𣬻Ͼǰء
΢΢ͫ׺һŻָҧҧɬĴXϣ檽ʳ檵ĸ׾ʲôȻǵûŭ
XǺܲϲ͵ǰ֮ģʺĻһڣĿЩǴӺδϢ
ϽʺӦһ巸µϢҲ֪
ʺؿһϣǹܵˣϽɹ϶ѹť»˺һЩڴӦ벻֪ѡ
ϣ֪谮ˣôΪĽ̫úôø·Գʵ̫ƽ
ʺǾãЩΪ˕ˣ
ѵ𣿡ѾﲻסˣͲһ㣬뵽ʲô˵ʲôһ빬̧ݣΪˣȥԲ԰ȥľ
ڸΪ̫Գ䣬ͽ̫Ľ˸ϵˡ
ϣôγΪһ£
檻УȴϢҲ©Ĵ˳檵ĸ׺ͼˣϣ檵İôĹǷʲôҲôصĳͷѽ
XڱϣŻʺµĿߡ
ȵʺ˵ˣŵ䣬Щ£ԭĺЩʱ˵ǼȻʣȻһˡ
Ľ̫䰵йᲩüһΥ޼еǵΪͼ忤ȡ޶֮
ֻ忤ľĽ̫御
ĸ֣һ壬Լ϶һť»һһ˵ȣȨᵳӪ˽ֻ̰ҪǮûǲҸɵġ
ҲС΢ûֻ̫ժԴ
̫Ϲȵĸ𣬿ӣXԼȻΪӣҲϹ۵ʱ򣬾Ȼô˼ﰲȻɹô꣬Ҳûз֡
ԣ漰̫Ϲȵ壬һɴϲ죬øְĸְɱͷɱͷʹϸ΢ĩڵˣҲ
ңXԻʺ㣬䣬ĺôĻҪ˵𡣡
ʺ׻巢رԼӣʡϡ˵ģ檡
޲ˣˣǰѵˡ
⻰֪ĺˡ
̧ͷʲôʱ֪ģ
ҩͽʱ򣿻ǳ檷õʱǳ檻УҲַʱ򣿡ϼҪXƷˣΪʲôԹԼԽԽ⸱ӣΪʲôô˵ﺢӵ
X۾ͻȻЦЦˣǳƲรˮʱɣѶ꣬ﵽߣôء
ǱۡĲร£XҲǵǻ֮󣬲һ׮ɰʱ򷭳ġ
ϽҲûо̬ȷҲû޺ӻŮķϲϾҲвรµҩӡ
ֱǽóҩԼ⸱ҩҪҩʳãXסͷ
ѾƲסеϣӴԺ̫һľٹµĺӽɰָ
*
лҪ˵


135 
 ͻȻͦŸ߸ߵĶӣڵϣϣ檻ĵӰ ڳ˾ʹĵط
ϣ ǧǳ檵Ĵûдġ
ֻҪӻڣǴйӣһжлתء
ϣ
֪ XǿӲش̫Ϲȣ 𻯲ϲ㣬ȵǸҩ˴
XðȥٹһӦŴǰ ֻҲǰ
ϻУֱǸҩڵù ֻܱͳĵ
̶̰£󹬷ӿ ˴δѪ
λλûУ ֻɺͽΪɵĵѾΪˡ
ʣµǕ֣ ˣŹ˺ֹˣ ԼڴӦ
ָͷһ ʮ ʵ塣
Ҷϵ֮ŭŵû겻壬 ȫԼĹ Ҳҳȥһƣ ԼͳЩһ
ֱʺ󱻴ȥٹһ£ʥּС̫ţ춯
ɣϲΪƕ
ѾԺڱ񸮵˻Ӧĸɫջİ׵ϵ̵ģۻҡ
ʥּʱ˺˶˷ۣȻ˰µɽ΢΢𣬺óԵ޲ðӱԼ
ϧеǲɽ髵ģӺСϲֻš
ҪæţüЦصūʱⶣˣӲ㣬վͿɡ
ȻվԺĹŮ̫ڵϣŰɶˣγԣи߰£ά˻ʥΪա
λֱӷֱ˕ķţ˵ǰ벽ҲΪ
ЩXλݵ֪ģԭţȶﺢܸԼΪɾͺǲˡ
ϾλϾԼĺӡ
лϣꡣֽӹϵʥּﻶϲ
չʥּX֣Ц
룬Լһվ˵ġ


ꡣ
滹аӷ⡢Ƿ⡢Сϲӷ⣬ͥ⡢Ӻϵķ⣬ϣϲŶ
*
лҪ˵
һдһС˵ӿĵvᣬÿ׶εĸдһ
ջģǿģ㣬رǿҵԷ͹ֱҪ죡RبQ
ҲСɰеִ٣ҾãѾõԼҪģXӣ˵ĸ鵽õġ
muamuaǣɽˮ꣬ڴٴ졫
һǡɴ޹ѡŶղ
İ
̰࣬峤vs˫
һԼͬͬգɷҪιѷ
ιѷ**ɷûһ塭Ұˣɷ󻹼ٻУ׼͵תװ
һĲǻֻܱ峤׳ĴȣϾ峤һǷ⽨̰֮ˣϲԼģġ
ף
ܲ
иϵӣΪʲôȢޣ߶˵ģΪϲ


136 Сӷ⡫
˶ ·һһ󣬱˶˵䣬ȴ񱻻Χһ ΢һð
XڹԿһ̸ һ°ڴϣ߽ϵü߹ȥָ֣ͱȥ
ֶȵú޲ץһȣ ü죺檿ˣ 㻹ӵȡ
ؽصӸһ춼Ҫ꣬XѾ߰ûĵˣȻ֪ȵë
Լ·ϵĶëѩ ΪԼˣԴκˡ
źӵϣ ϷȣҲˣ ֻ˯ڴϡ
̫ҽ𣿡
һͽ̫ҽƽ ˵ģ︹̥ Ķá
XһθеһôãֵĶӴƽ̹СС¡ ȻԽԽԽԽ
Һ ĵöûôֲ
˵Ǹ Xŷģ ˽ϵЬӺϵϣ ˫һֱ
£ ʵͷˣ˸λѽȥشźǷ
һǷû꣬ͻȻüŶ˿
Xһôˣ
׹ۣɫЩס
Xһ޴ĸо־ȥ̫ҽԺǸ
ع¾ôһԿһ˵£æش򿪣ߴ򿪱ȥ֪ͨŵˡ
ǸӾ⼸죬ˣ˵̫ҽһӦܡ
ڰ龪һֶ̥һЪͣˣȵͷȶţûҪ˼
Ǹְ˰㲻ǽգҲûˣ︹̥֮ǰš
ΪղǷڣȫǺX뱧š
⺢ӹ֪Xе˷ܣߵۣЩûصţסַɣǰʰס䡣
ǣǸл
ˣߵ˶ʮֵľ񣬱Ͼ⼸ˣݲһ˿һʧ
ƤԽŵԽģX˱ʣ˳Ϧҹ
չXڴpanĴ󳼺ͺ󹬵ӣѩػ
ӱأֻĳϦҹûҪȥXʱûջĿϣЦ̵ظڵĹŮ̫෢ѹӡ
һӺʮöӣװںɰһһ
СϲӵĸһЩǽӺͽӡ
Ȼһڵϣ˵黰ֲ֧
Xվȵο̴棬Ц۵ӡ
ΪУȻЩԭССĶ쵰ԲһȦСԲǵҲǰ䣬Բ
м米ϣҲЩ⡣
Xϲ
ֽĿװŴ٣ҧŻճͷ
߽ȥһߣ͵ĹŮ̫඼ȥԼЬӰѽŰĽϷţġ
ӱأôһַһִװߵóһɫĺɰXķ˵ݣϦǶУǲġ
ɫĶϣɰƴĺɰͷ׹ź޵ɺӣÿˡ
XӵɰӣĶֻССĽԪ
֡
ְϴЦ꣬ҪһˣףԸ念̺塣
XͻȻ˫ֳƫסĴ
۾գգϡ
ͷһ㣬ŶԼǴ
·ݴԺͱŵXβЩ죬ϵһγ˰յɫԼλϣذһӭڻ
ڡֱﲻס򶶶
һXɫӰѿȥ˯˯˯
ע˯ˣ̫ոձʱϦҹһ쵽־͸оԼshuang֮ʪģҲ׹
æŵXʣϣҪˡ
X˯ò죬һˣйƵơ
ƬˮӣȻ֮磬ÿ˶ɫš
Xָ˴ߣǶ촽߬ýġ
ͻȻһʱէȻȥһӤ޵X͵ش߽ȥŨصѪζץסִڱϵ֣֡
֣õ޽𣬿õ𣿡
ϷֲǺˮˮͷȫʪ΢΢۾õҲõء檿ӡ
ŲΡΡعڵϣոճϻˮѪ۵ĺһССĽţ˫ȾѪͷ󺹵Ǹڻ
ͷڵϣϣӡ
ͷһ£ôˣĺôˣ
֣ǸѺӱԼǸȴҡ
ֲµʲô۽޻ʪŵ۾Xϣ
XǸϰѺӱƿССĽֻǶһҲǴͬģ
Xֶһ£ѽǻȥ
ȵʮӣز۵ģֻһͶһָͷӡ
ĺѰ˼һܵЩãڻʼȴǴɻ䡣
ӣ飬ȱĺӣǱ£Ͷڻʼҡ
ԣλӲͲԼĸҲʧ˳裬ĸ񲱻乬Ҳһ⡣
ֻһָˣ˵ĺѾǹ
ŻһƬӵĵţֲ»ѪҧŴӡ
ȻXѺӱߣúƯ㡣
