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ǭZȼô
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Է㣺š
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˵ôʲô˵
㻹ܲϲ
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֮
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ǭZȼڣϲ
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ǭZȼ㻹ϳϲ˼ңҪ˼Ҹ
Է㣺񱻳ԵҲŶ԰ɣ

ݱǩ  
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1 
ƣкŨľζڿţشţķ紵Ʈȥȴɢζζһŵζ
ǭZȼڵϣŴƽڵذϣذ岻̵Ĵʯ̵ľʵذ壬ůľϻë̺ȫеǣȴģôҲůˡ
ΪǸֲЩˣѾˡ
ë̺ΧȫҵķžƿеͷͿԿ̵١ǭZȼֻһտյľƿ֣һƬ
Ƭһ¶ůЦݵŮˡ
ĵ§ǸŮˣ§סŮҲ§ϵЦݣȫûκεĲȻ
ǭZȼ֣شźգ·źջͻȻ֮ƾʧƵġ
źգΩһˡ
ź§ڻŮˣа
ǭZȼţȴ֪Ӧȥ˼ȥӦ
ΪǸеŮˡˡ
ǸŮˡ
ǸΪԷ㡱Ůˣˡ
ԤףκηӦʱ䣬ˡ
ԼأȻһ涼ûм
ǭZȼƫƫͷƵƬϣԺðһƬһƬĻ䣬ӰƬһһĻһĻǰĲţǭZȼǱ۾۾ģ·ֻкԷһЩεζѡ
ǵģԷһĻ䡣
ǸѾȥ˵ŮˣǸ˳ȥҽԺȴЧŮˡ
Է㡣
츸ĸѪԵϵҲͬΪŮˡ
Էĸ׵ĺѵŮΪĸĹϵĸ״ؼչˡ
ҲˣǭZȼԷΪ˱˴׽Ĵڡ
ɶǭZȼ˵һ̿ʼһۼˣһӡǸ˾Է㣬ʮ棬ûһûԷĴڵģǭZȼ˵ĿɼĵطܹԷӰӡ
ЦǡûиԷһ
ǭZȼûи߹ԷϲΪ˵֮󣬱ǸŮ۹⿴Է֮󶼲Ϳʼһķʽʼֱֽͷ춼ֱԷûԷ֪ݸ顣
ǰôһأԷĸ׺ѵĺӣһͬΪŮ˵ŮˣԴһԷĹϵѾ춨ˡ
Ůమ̸ף
οǻͬһ¡
ǭZȼˣʹġûнܹ飬վѡ˲ݸ顣
ĸװԷҿʼ롭ܹ׽ݣһӴߣðʲôܹһ𣬲ܶܣ˶֣ᷢԷԼܻᷢ֡
Էµǰһ죬ǭZȼһĸЩѵȾƣȻȥŴģֱҹֻصУһ򿪼͵˯ˣֱ賿ʱ򱻲ֻѣİģ˵Է˳ҽԺȣµһ̣ǭZȼľã綼Ҫ̮ˣôһ˲ⲻƺһجΰˣֻҪͺˣֻߣֻҪȥҽԺԷѾúõڲˣ
ǣûС
վڼҵſڵʮӣҽ߳ժ¿ָĸĸԲ
Բ𡣶Բ𣿶Բ𣿶Բ𣡣
Բʲô˼ԷϲҲǸˣزʲôûɣ
ǭZȼһȵĻɹԼݺݵĳԼһ⣬ǡȴֻϻʹԼָӡӡϣԷ㣬Ĳˡ
ԴԷ뿪Ժ󣬵Ѿʮˡտʼһڵʱİְ跽ѹʹæųﱸԷĺ£ϾǭZȼҲΪǭZȼôѹûȥﱸԷĺ£ⴥ飬ֱԷ죬ǭZȼûг֣绰ߴȥֱˣҲûͷԼµľưҵڳ˵棬£ƽ治˼ȡϽˣ۰ԷȥһػƵأ׵ĺġ
ȥԸԡ
Ϊ
ûԷѾˣѾ׵׵뿪ʵ
޷ܵǣԺ棬ҲûԷĴˡ
ôһֱӱܣһֱϳǷݰĸ飬Ϊʲô
Ҫ֪ǽĽĻΣԷĴ𰸻ʲôҪԷ飬ҪԷһ
뵽ɵý˫ֻۣġѾûʹˣԷ㲻˵һ̣ġˡ
ԷǭZȼͻԼķӣһֱԼڷˣȴһֱûгȥҲûҹֻǭZȼ˵ˣͨ˾ͻؼȥúõϸú÷ʡԼûУôͲûȥˡ
ǭZȼֻĬû˵Ҳûпڣ˾Ѿɥʧһʬһôڵ̺ϣеľ˳һžƿһŻʱ·ǷݱֽԼֻˣЩǼٵģԷ㲻ǼٵģԷ뿪ǼٵģʲôǼٵģǺȵ̫˶ѣֻҪѹԷͻڣͻš
ǡûС
ıתȦѾˡ
죬ϵĺȾƣȻ˯ȥѹȻּ˯ȥٴѹ
ʲôûиı䡣
ʲô
ûиı䡣
ֻжһαһθ״ֻ̬Ļһ˲ʾڣⲻΡ
Է㣬Ѿˡ
ȻĻôأ
ģֻ󡭡
һġԷ
ȴôҲûܵȵ
ΪѾ˰
ԷѾˡ
Ҳ˵ǭZȼôǷϣôܣôԷ㶼ҲشҵţȻ󻺻ߵߣЩ΢ŭȴԴ۵ĵ˵СZôֲȳˣ
ˡ
ˡ
Է㣬Ѿ
飬ȫе˶Ѿ֪ˡǭZȼеǷݱֽдԷ˵죬СͶѾ֪ˣоûһ֪ԷѾ˵ģ
ԣǭZȼȥţȥȥôأ
ѹʱԷ㻹ûг֣ԷǸ˰ȵôԷȴʼնûѾ˰ɣȻôôԼģ
ǭZȼ룬һµһⲻԷڵһѾھκ˰ɡ
ѾĲʡˣǭZȼȼ֧̲֪Ĵ䵽˵̺ϣеľƿľҲѾˣ֮ǰƬҲˡ
ͷԼڲϵǴ꣬Է͸ԷΪϵģΪԷҲһһģһġ
ҲԷ㲢ô룬ǶǭZȼԡһֱһ㡣
͵͵ء棬Է֮
һֱǭZȼޱȵţҲǡԴԷȥԺΩһܵŵĶˡ
۾֪ʲôʱϵģ￪ʼðһɺںڵ䶼ͨˡǭZȼȴֻõԷϷӡ
ΪʲôأΪʲôԷأòǭZȼƴѹǷϲǷݰģΪʲôԷأ
ǭZȼԷһ桭ûмԷ˵䣬㣬Ҫ뿪ҡĻᶼûˣʹõݣҲˣǭZȼ뵽Լж˿飬ĺʹǺᣬȴʹҲٰˣΪԷ㣬Ѿ˰
Ұ㡣
ġð㡣
Ϊʲôǰȴûܹ˵ء
Ϊʲôֱ뿪ңȴǲҰ˵ء
ʧȥʶǰǭZȼﲻͣظ֡ҲûԷ˵֡
ҲǡⱲӵź
㻹ҵߵĻһһһһһԥĶ˵ǾҹҹͷĻ
Ұ㡣
лĻһ𰡡
ù˼׵۹⣬̸һ

ϧû
лҪ˵ڡǿˣѣ
ĻҶָ̡
ʲô뷨Ļӭҽ
šĵġѾĥİˡ
ƪʱһҳ
ȿһƪǿҸ뿴һƪ
ллÿһڿĵСʹ
ڸʱ䡭ǲҪҶȤζ2333333


2 
һŰɫŮˣǭZȼǰ
ɫĳǸŮ˵ߣǰŮ˵毺չԼǰ
ǭZȼ΢΢һЦϰߺ͹һ㣬ǰȥ§סǸŮ˵ؽ촽ǸŮ˵Ķߣ˵һɡ
ѿڶĻҪ˼
ǸŰɫŮˣǭZȼĻԺ󣬵һ㶣漴ͷǭZȼĶͷ˵СZûûСˡ

ֱǸŮתǭZȼſ
Ǹһ˻ھưŮˣǸŮˡԷ㡣
ǭZȼ۾ƺ̫ȣǱŵˣͣȴʲôû˵
ﲻ˵ǭZȼ˫۵Ůˣ΢΢һЦ漴ǭZȼ֣գżֵƵ˵ʧ˰ɡ
СС㣿ǭZȼЩš
⡭
ǡ
ûûСˡԷü΢΢ͣƤԵøӿɰ˼֣Щ˵

ǭZȼ·һĿڣʲôûûСС㰡
ţʲôԷûͦƵķʵ
㡭ڣӸտʼ𾪺;ȣڣתϲǭZȼ¶һЦݣšһ룬ȴ׵Ŀ˳
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôЦЦţͿˡ
㻹ڡ֣һӵؽȦԼĻã㻹ڡֻΣ㻹ڡ
ʲôѽԷֻĪȴûпӵ
ǭZȼ˻ˣſԷ㣬Цſʱ
Էʧ
û١
һӰ
ǭZȼŻˣС㣬С㣿
ٽţվǰˣʼԽԽԶ
֣Ҫȥץסȥӵãֻ뽫£ԶԼߡ
ȻֿҪԷʱԷǰʧ
ȡ֮ģԷˡ
ں֡
һֱĶߣһֻĸоϮǭZȼֻͷʹѣ漴ǰһڡ

СZ

СZ
С㡣
ءҰ
ûûСˣǸ˵ô
С㰡
ССС㡣

ǸŮ˲ôôԣʼնЦ
ԼεҪԶǣЦŸԼ϶Ļش
Ӳֻܾݡ

ԺСZˣҪȢ㡣
ɵϣôܹȢء
Ϊʲôԣʦ˵ϲһ˾ҪȢġ
ɡǶŮӰ
ŮôҲҪȢ㡣
ѽ

һһλƬӿԺ֮УȴôҲû취ƴճһƬļ䣬ֻǶ϶ģҲԡǵĻ䡭ʵ̫̫࣬࣬ôƴգҲȫƴճ
ǭZȼֻͷεģ˶Щ᲻𾢣ֻȫڷȣȵͬʱ־Щ䣬ȽţԼ粻塣
ΩһоůǣסԼֻ֣û۾ȴܹоİһůĿʼӡ

ͻȻһ飬ǭZȼ˹
ȴ֮еǽֻ۾ֻԼģԼƤ·ǧأѹ˶κġ
ǭZȼѵ۾ͼԼһЩ
ƫƫͷĸ׵Ӱӳ
衭衭ΪЩԷЩѡ
ǭZȼǸˣƺͼס֡
ȼȼоôˣǺ𣿡ǭZȼĶͷ̽̽ȶȡ
ƺˣ
оǭZȼĶͷûô֮һһĿڣŶϾͽҽ˵գ㰴˰ͷİť־ò̫ģߵű߷Ըվſڵȥҽ
գ
ǭZȼЩ⡣
ʱôƣҲƹ¾ƾжɡôǷأ
ѵƾжҲգ
ҡ֪ΪΡǭZȼһֵֹֹĸоҲ˵֣һԼͻȻ޷ƿԼĸо
ǭZȼŵô¶ʱ򣬷߻˲ǰ
ʹҽϾͻˡȵҽȼȼȷȼȼûԺ󣬹ܴȼȼؼƺǾ˵Ժûʲô˵°סӣǷֲһ䣬СҲһȼȼؼء
С㡣
ǭZȼ¼ע̧ͷһֱעԼĸס
ǭZȼ̲ס۾
Ժɲ׼ٲˣ֪һֱղˣðְ赣ˡɲ´ˣȻ֪𣿡ЦЦˡ
գ
衣ǭZȼͷ˺䡣
ôˣǭZȼͷ
С㡭Сʳ仰ԺǭZȼѾˮ
֪СءС󲻹ʲôǿźССġԼŮգҲС㣬֪ѧУһУμҪأ˾ȥˣӦҲ쵽ˡ
ʲô
ѧУ
У⡭
ǵãԷͱҵμӹ˰УǸʲôʲôʱȥѧУʦˡ
ѵˣ
ǡʹܴ̼ˡ
˵յĻǵСѧʱ򣬵ȷһһ󲡣ղˣҪջţ˵ǲԸȾɵġ
Ǹʱ򡭡һҲ˵СҽԺ·ϡ
ѵصСʱ
յ顭ǡ11ɣ
ΰɣ
ǡģ
ʲô
Խʱ⵹
ļٵİ
ҡ
ˡ
ǭZȼҪЩʲôʱ
ţŰ״ӵҽмʿ˽ŵǡԼĸף
Ҳ˲١
ǭZȼôĿһУ֪ģҽ˼顣
лл˰ǼȼȼˡǭZȼĸմŰ״ӵԺ֡
˵ģǰǶˡοȼȼ壬ǾֶŮΪôˣС顣
ȼȼлл塣ҲߵԼŮߡ
лл塭
塭ҽ
ǸԺ
ǭZȼǵãԼѧҵһ꣬λԺѾˡʽ൱¡أʶˣǼȻҲһС
ѵģ
ǭZȼһ㶵ӣ˵ǻеģΪ廹ûָ̫׼ҪúϢҲ˵ѾˣѾûˣȼȼϢһɣ
ǭZȼ̧ͷľګĿŷ䣬пûеͷҲûҡͷЩֲˡ
ĸ൱òֹǸĸ˸ĸλҲôᡭδҲ̫
˵һεĻôΪʲôģĸоôʵأ
ǡ
ⲻһεĻ
εĻ
ôҲ˵ǭZȼ»صԼ11ˣ
⡭ֲ˼鷢Լϣֱ췽ҹ̷
ǭZȼɫò԰ԴЩҲˡ
衭ҡվӡ
ӴǼСŮ֪ѽŲԼءȡЦ˵
ǭZȼεƲƲ졣
ԡ
Ŷ˲˵Ŀ⡣
ǭZȼͷȥ
Է㡣
Ŷ룬ͷЩңͷϻЩܲĺˮڴˣԷ㡣
ǭZȼϵģҲԷ㵣ǽĿ⡣
ϤĲ˵Ŀ⡣
·𡭡컹
ȻС㣬ҲŮһ㡣
ǵûĻԼ11꣬С㣬18ꡣУʲôģġ
١ǡ
е顭һһƴͼҵǺϵĵطһһƴˡ
ǭZȼԷ㣬Լ
ѾҪᣬʱ˿̷һУԼϵһУôˡ
ԷԼһ̣ʲôҪˡ
ֻҪԷ߾ͺˡ
ֻҪܹ֣أץסԷ㡣
Ҫ뿪
ͺˡ
¡
ⲻǸΡ
ƬҲá
лҪ˵£
ûиµıȽľУҺܰľУ
˵ʵ˵ҾԼдһ㶼Ű˰
ÿ¾ŰһŰʧˣѣ
Ȼ˵һ¡дֻдȣš
Ȼ£Ż˸ӡ̣Ҿûǣȣá

ŶˣµıȽ磬
ҾԼʱ仹Ǻж2333333


3 
ȼȼԷ㻹ЩģߵǭZȼߡ
ǭZȼӦкܶʣкܶ໰˵ģƫƫԷĻ֮Լʲôû˵ˡ
ֻǷ·ͬһģ֣סԷ㣬رס·ץģץԼֶʹҲϷſ
ԷһЩӦ
ȻǱǭZȼýģһ11ĺӣжءҲֱסССǭZȼһֻıǰοһ㡣
ǭZȼһûסͿ˳
ŻԷ㡣
ôôˣСZ޲ޡԷͷ뿴ǭZȼ
ҡΪҲˡǭZȼĿ޵ԽԽ󣬵ֱӷԲǵĺһ
仰СʱҲ˵ϾԸȾĸղʵģһҪҲܲ˵øĤɶɶġ
ǸʱССԼʲôҲ͸ᶮʹ࣬жôʹ
ڣ11Լ26ꡣ
ٴ˵͵һģһĻȻôС
ơ
еᣬȴֻ26ǭZȼס
á㻹ڡ
ƣƣ䰡Ůǿ޳˰ͺͷҽԺ߻㷢Ůһޣ̲סЦ
ҲûסЦˣȻǳڰοˣȼȼѾûˣ˵ˣֻҪԺ۲죬ȬˣܳԺˡ˵꣬Ҳ˱ӡ
״ȻҲǰ§סԼţ˳Ҳ§סӡ
ôమҲúůġ
ȻСĸԼ񣬶ԼѵĺӣֻС8Ϸɻʧ£ԼźɷС㣬˴ȼȼҲˡ
ڿǽôãĺܸˡ
ЦЦͷԼɷҲӦһԼţһЦ
ѾӶչǭZȼˣԷؼҺúϢڶãԷִҪҽԺǭZȼĸֲֻôӦ
𣿡ԷһֱǭZȼ
ǭZȼҡҡͷ
ʲô˵ҲʲôֻҪôؿԷģ
֪Ϊʲôһֲĵĸоܺ£ܺ¡һ룬ԷʧˣһвΡ
һĶûС
ΪǭZȼԼڵǻû׹
Ͼ»صԼСʱʲôģҲδ̫ڷ˼һЩ
ǭZȼգգۣۣԼԷŵ֡ʶĽ˽ԷоǿһԼǭZȼյ֣Ȼô𣿡
ҵ֡С
͡Է̲סЦȻСӰĵطǲ̫һģСӣֵȻС
ǭZȼͣһˡСӡֺԲ˵ӣﻹšŲСӡ
ô˵ˣ˱˵СôԷ˽ǭZȼ֣Ȼһֻȥıӡ
ǭZȼҡҡͷ
ոջһСģĶһ̣ȴֱޱȵԷһ㣬΢΢һüͷǭZȼ
ֻǭZȼԼһְԼָԷֶԱȿ
Ȼ̫С˰
Сʱĸоһ
Ӿǡһġ
ǭZȼ룬Լո˵Щı飬ڰСʱĲУԷĻشҲĵȷȷĺСʱһޡ
Ļص11һĻôҲһжᰴͰݡ
ԷѧʱڵͬѧңںԷΪͬһͬһطġ㣬ǸһֱԷһŮˡ
Լ
ڴѧҵ󣬸ĸ׵ĽŲĸڴΪĸ׵һνӰ˵Է㣬ҵĵطһΪ껷塱ˡ
ˡ
ΣٽӽС㡣
һҪ
һ
һ
ԡ
һԵԷ㣬΢ЦעǭZȼŪֺһͣԺ󣬸մ㿪˵ЩʲôʱȴǭZȼüͷһ˼ӣԷҲüͷ
СZʲô飬üͷˣ
嶼ûȫĺ
ǭZȼĳͻȻһ˫֣ƽŵü䣬ʶ̧ͷϵԷһˮ
ôһ˲䣬ǭZȼЩʧ
1126ܶʱڲϵԷĿ⣬ܻᣬǭZȼ̲סУҲԸ뿪
Էʱ˿̵Ĵ̫ѧữĻǭZȼŻΪԷûԼҲ26ɡ
ôˣ
ǭZȼع촽Ҿǡ
ţԷǭZȼĶͷֿʼա
룬㡣˵ԺǭZȼûס˸ǷҲǣ廹ûȬҲûչۣرر𣬷ǳǳ㡣
ҾﰡԷЦЦǭZȼƺЩˣǭZȼ˵˯Ļ˯ɣһ㡱
ԷţǭZȼ廹ûп˱ȽϴҲȽϵ䣬ԲŻԵһҪӡ
ϾǸС
ҡҲǭZȼǲ˯ǲ˯
ţΪʲô
Ժ㲻ô죿Һ¡ҲΪ⸱ССԲܽеĹ˵ɡ
ġСZ֤һһһֱСZģСZѹҲһῴҡ𣿡
𣿲ǡƭҵİɣ
ȻǡôƭСZءԷֹ˹ǭZȼıӣʾο
ǡǭZȼҲ֣
Է㿴ǭZȼ۾˯ԺǻŵǿҲˡǭZȼñӣЩ̲סƵǭZȼա
ǵЦ⣬ôҲûɢȥ
·ʱ˿ֵ̣ľʱ⡣
ǭZȼڱ۾ԺҲûֿס˯ˡ
һܳܳΡ
вŵĻ棬ͨͨԷһͬĻ䡣ߣ˵ǻ䣬˵ǣһˣڿһ˵ķӳ￴һֻԷĵӰ
ǵĻ䡣
Ӱ󣬵ӰӫĻĻ棬ԷЦ˵СZټ
ӰеǭZȼһ㶣ȻҪȥץסߵԽԽԶԷ㣬ȴôûץǰܣƴܣ׷ϡ
ڿӰǭZȼˣʶתͷ߿һ˵λãĴѰԷӰȴҲ
С㣬С㣿
С㣡
ĺ֣ȴֻܹԼĻ
ǭZȼͻȻ˹ţС㣡
СZ
лҪ˵
ҿȵۣ
˺ô䵭ѣ


4 
СZ
ǭZȼʱһ亹ϴĲЩʪյģϸķ˿ҲҵĴһЩҡ
ԷһǭZȼߣȻӶҲ˵չǭZȼͿˣԷ㻹ǷŲˣǱڴſһҹ
һҹҲûô˯ǭZȼǾô˯һҹˣЩ̲סſ˯ˡ
ոգΪǭZȼеѡ
Է۾ŵı˴ڴϵǭZȼҲΪ亹ԵʪյģŵԷ̰ǭZȼڻ档
СZСZҪ£ûµûµġı
ǭZȼڵĴЩ١
ֱΪԷΪԼ£ع
ΣֻǸζѡ
ٵģζǼٵġ
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Էڵ磬ġ
ج𣿡Է㿴ǭZȼǺӣøë
š
ûµġجҲֻζѣ²¡ǭZȼգο
ؼҡҲϲҽԺ
Ϊʲô𣿡
ҾǲϲҽԺҺ¡
ΪԷҽԺЧģʧȥԷĵطʵʲôøʲôġ

ԷЩ㶣漴üͷ˺һֱùӶë˵ھ͹ԹҵĻȫǺҰɾȻҾȥһҽҽӦԺǾͻؼң𣿡
ţǭZȼԹԵĵͷӦ
һСʱ
ڵõҽ׿֮ǭZȼڵĵóԸһԼĳϡ
ǽһģһǭZȼ̲סŤŤȥ
ԷһԿǭZȼҲ̲סЦˣСӾСӰһԺʲôʲôʹˣǣֵġ
ˡԷȥס˵Ĳ˵ǭZȼŪ˵·廹ûȫأѾһˣϢһ
ȻԷóǭZȼ˲ͷĺϸĵչعʱ򣬲ŷ֣ǭZȼһֱ
ҿʲôСްԷ˵ıӡ
ŲСްأ1126꣬ҲǺġ
㲻СްĻʲô˳ְǭZȼǰ鷢
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ʲôѽ
ǽҪȢˣ˵ԺǭZȼ͵ͷˣɲ˼ˣЩˣȻ仰СʱҲ˵ڿΪһŶʮ˵仰ȫͬ
Сʱ˵仰ʱȻǺģֻǡǾ仰˼ʵȫףԷ㡭ȻҲ⻰档
ڡͬˡ
Էһ٣ϵĶȫͣ΢ЩȵĿǭZȼ
һֱûȵشǭZȼ͵͵Է㣬̧۷֣Էѹû˵ڷ
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ǭZȼɣĵĶԷ㣬һ㲻ϸҵĻҾ˵ӡ
ԷʳָȥǭZȼСգ΢΢һЦЩįӣšֻ룬ǹ龫ԺҪϲһģôȢء
ΪʲôԣһСӵĿǣȴ档
ΪԷҲǭZȼôһͻȻˣʶ˵ΪǶŮӰ
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Էһ㶡
ѽԷ㿴ǭZȼΣƺĻ棬ֻǵ꺢ͯЦա
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ѵ±Сӣɶռ˵ʶǵȻǡռײռռ˭ռ
ԷþûлعֱԼ˯ˣԼϵŻɵһ˿ЦǺĻ
ȵҵʱǭZȼԷĻ˯ţԷ㿴˯ô㣬ȻĴš
˾źԷ㱧ǭZȼ³
Է³˾տڡС㡭˵СؼңԷѹû˵껰ĻᣬʹꡣҪ
һֱصǭZȼķ䣬Է㱧ġ
Ҳһ˯ô죬ô㡣
˯࡭ôɰǭZȼӣվ׼뿪ƫƫ̲סͷһۣԥ˼룬˻ȥĶһǡ
ߵһ¥Ŀ󣬹ܼʵС㣬Ҫ緹𣿡
Է㿴˿ʱ䣬Ѿˡˣûʲôʳҡҡͷ˵ʲôʱ𣿡
үͷ˵ܻ
Էͷʾ֪ˣǡȼȼѾԺ˵飬֪𣿡
С绰˵СҪԺʱҾѾүͨ绰ˡ
ţ֪ˡлл̡ȥϢɣڿһͺã⡣ԷܾͷЩʹˣȼȼ˯ҪʱûѹͲҪˡ
ǣС㡣
뿪ԺԷڿ﷢Լ̫ѨоЩ֪ۡȼȼҽԺʱŻˡֻ龪һֻϣܹЩ
˵СZء
ԷͻȻǭZȼڳ˵Ǿ䣬ǽҪȢˣ
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Ȣ㡣
Ȣʲôġ

ԷҡҡͷЦЦ
üȴͻȻһֻůůСϣĺԤ
СZô𣿡ԷѭůůķȥǭZȼССӰüͷôüˣ
ԷҲȥƽüͷ
ΪüǭZȼҲǲҪϰģླྀ죬СZҪ㲻ġ㲻ĵĻСZҲ᲻ġ
ãǡҾͲüˣСZҲüӴ
֮Է㱧ǭZȼԼϣͷ
ǣǭZȼԼǿĵģҲ൱⡣
ʵǭZȼˣȻ֮ǰ˯ͦģǴҲֻǽڣԷ߲ŻɣԷ뿪ûԺѹˡ
˫ſ컨һҲ֪Щʲô
ֻǣعԺ󣬽￪ʼȷһ顣
ҪģԷһĻôö飬ǾҪɼģֻԼһ˽УýеһЩС
ܹȣҲûôʱȡԲܹôԴȥҪԼþ֮⣬㳤ҲһҪ顣
Ǿֻϲ㣬ɲֻǹ˵˵ѡ
ΣһҪԷһ
ɲ˭еĻᡣ
лҪ˵ʵϲĵġ
ĸоͬһµıһ
˭еĻᡣ
ƲС˵˵ǶûĻᡣ
һ仰ԼҲҡ
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仰ʵҲͦ׵ĸоɣ
ܶʱ򣬶ǵֻʱˣֻǻǵˡ
ϧҲãϲҲãֿҲãҲá
ûкҩֻܹŬĲڵɡ
ұǺܾܾģѡ֢֣൱
ʱе飬벻֮ԥʱҶԼ᲻ڡ
Ϊܶ飬ǣһֻһλᡣһһΣеġ
оԼÆº𡣲ԵϣҶܹЩڶЩû䡣
ϧֻ˵˵Լɶýǳӭգ
󣬿ðûСʹĺܿġ
дܹϲ˿Һܸм
ǵ֧֣ǵĸܣǵۣ
ҼֵĶա
ԺλСʹۼҶ𣡰ǣţŨq?

ŶҾԼĸʱҲжԺ󶼻ᾡж2333333


5 
С㣬С㣬үͷ˻ˡ
ְˣǭZȼԷĻĸԺ󣬾͸˵ز˵ӣܳȥӭǡ
ȼȼҪܣˤˡԷ㲻ģҲ̸ǰȥסǭZȼ֣Ϊ˱ǭZȼٺ֣ǭZȼ
ǭZȼһ±ơ
ˣԷڻ
㡭ԼߣǭZȼߵĲ˼ˣԷĲ䣬ˡ
ôǼȼȼǺ𣿡Է㲻ǭZȼĿ飬ֻǱֱŸĸڵķ߹ȥ
ֲǸӡǭZȼʹյԷĶߣСţܽһЩڸԷ˵ʱ촽޵ĲԷĶ
ááԷĻش޴ЩڵĽǭZȼˡ
ΪǭZȼ̫ˣ˵ϢĶߣҲ֪ôģ̲סˣΪ˱ⱻ֣˳˼ˡ
֣衣
ְ֣衣
С㣬ȼȼﻹصܳͦȵģߣؼȥɡŮˡ
ȼȼõ𣿡仹Щġ

ͺ㿴ɺˣ
ǭZȼԷشԼ˵ˣĲҪٻҽԺ˰
ǸʧȥԷĵطҲҪȥˡ
ȥҽԺָоǳ񣬴ſŵˮζͻʧȥԷʱ˺ѷεʹ
ʹҪһˡ
үˣˡ
ãҲһԷɡһһؼһҲ˰ɡ
οǭZȼ˵͸ˡ
˵С㣬ȼȼʲôʱѧУϿΣĹæʱڣǭZȼĴС£϶Էڹġ
졣ʱȼȼڿʦһ绰ҿȼȼҲǺܴԾͻظ˵ͿԻѧУϿˡ
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죡̫ңһЩɣǭZȼѹͰԼһѧһֻ11Сѧˣ
ǭZȼǸడ
ϧǣҲûа취ֻܾͷĬĬسԷ
ˣҺְʵЩæó鲻Ҳֻһӣƫƫȼȼ黹ģԲ㡣ЩǸÿÿӣǻЩΣһæûûˣȫ˲Ӳġ
ţôԼҪ˵ҵĴְֵģæ͹˲ǻңҪϴҲϰһŵˣԶΪȡ
֣裬˵ʲôءԷԼҰ⸱ճѾֲˣұȼȼô࣬չ鲻ͦһ¶ô
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Щ̲סᣬʱԷ̫һЩŸۡ
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ϵЩأǭZȼԼĸЩ˵ЩĻϣܹһա
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ԼȻϲԼԷ顣
ԷûѪԵϵôأܹôءҲ˵ԷϲϲŮˣϲŮˣҲܻɡ
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ǣ޷˵ڵĸ飬ˡƴӱʵ⣬ʲôˡ
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ڣлᣬıһС
ǺǣϹ㿴ȼȼNɪཾ˵Լܹԡ̲סЦ⺢ӣǡ
㻹أԵĻôŪסԺˡԺɲ׼ٲˡοɰѰְŻˣС㣬Ҳŵģ˻ˡ˵˵žˣСżҲûʲôǺֵĽҽԺ¶ʾͲһˡ
Է㲻ԸǭZȼǻΪ͵֣ȼȼ֪ˣԺ󲻻ٲˡ԰ɣ
ţĻˣԷ˵Ĵûģ
㰡С̫ȼȼˡ
εҡҡͷ
ԷǭZȼͷ֪ͣǭZȼղűﲻ̫ˡ
ϣǭZȼڴϣ⼸췢֣¶˾ģһصޡ
øĸʧҪԷһ
ⱾǰһӦ飬ƫƫ̫̫ųһܹĻΣٷˡ
Է㷿ĵƹ⻹ŵģǰطŴ뵽Щʲô̾
ŵЦĲõǭZȼ
ǭZȼʱɣѧʽĵģһתڶ11ˣԼҲѾˡѧУҲˣȷ˻ᱣͣҲˣУʲôģҲУȥһݽѣֻеһ;нӵĸ״ĵ绰˵ȼȼҽԺȣŵԷݽûټҴææľ͸ϵҽԺȥˡ
ʱġ찡Ժ󡭡
ˡڳ˼Է㱻ŵ˼

˵ԺԷͿűƿվһССӰбССͷǰ鷢ס۾
СZô𣿡Է߹ȥſǭZȼûЬľګվذôЬܹˣ
ֱӱǭZȼŵĴϣģɣǺñӡԷڴϣϱӣǭZȼʵʵġ
ҡ䰡ôðɣԷı飬ǭZȼ֪ĿЧ
ȥһˮɡԷ

ţԷ㱻ǭZȼסһֻ֡
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ţʲôǭZȼеСԷĲǺ
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ðɺãȥصơ㻹Ҫѧ˯ǭZȼԹԵɺԺԷ˵ơ
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ǭZȼסԷ㣬ȻҲûзŹܹռ˵ĻᡣԷģᣭ
ʵɡСʱҲûٸɣֻءǸʱСûʲô˼Ҳεĵطȥ롭С˵飬Ȼǡġ
ڿɾͲһˣǭZȼֻУ꣬ﻹŸ꣬˼ءɶûᣡ
ǡǡɣаѻţҲ𲻵
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׼ˣ˯ԷץסǭZȼҶС֣СԼУ壬۾
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һǭZȼ˿Է㷴ӦĻᣬһڡ
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6 
ŲϣӣǭZȼ˹˿ʱ䣬ûʱϽֹصӣⳳ˻˯Է㡣
ҲʧߣֻоѾϰ˰ɣ⼸ȻԷ˯ţԷȻѵĺ磬ûа취ƣһÿ춼ͬһʱ
ȻӣӻҪ׼
ǭZȼ֪ȻѾϿȷԼȷˡ
ô˵أ飬˵ףǹڷ˼һЩȻǭZȼԴˣ൱Ļмġ
ԷѾѧУıˣԵǴڷżٽ׶Σÿ춼ȥǭZȼѧÿҲǭZȼѧģκÿ첻Ķ磬ǭZȼܻ֮ǰһжֱȥѧ֮ǰ˵㣬˾ȥѧУͺˣٶ˯
ǭZȼһټ֣ö֮ԷҲͷÿѧ뷨ˣǭZȼѧ飬Ƿ겻ġ
Է˯ŵǭZȼÿԺһ顣أͻȻãʵÿҲδزһ¡
ΪͿԶ˯еԷ㣬ˣÿˣӲ롣
ϰһ
ʱϣ㣴ÿ𴲡ʱ䣬ϣ㣬ϴȥܸСʱȻؼҳͣԺ˾ȥѧУ
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ǭZȼԷķյĸһ£ԼС֣գʱء
С㡭Ϊ»ᳳԷ㣬ǭZȼûгֻģǵģ֡
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ǰԼĻζ뵽һ͵Է㡣
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Ųǵ֣ǭZȼһ㶼þȣЩӡΪһУ֮С
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ǰʱ൱ڳ飬ƺǴӸеʱʼ͵͵漰Ҿԣӻ޶ȣ֪ߣ˵ǳԣ˵ǣͨ飬Լתע
ķǳסֺܴ
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7 
һֹ֣һĳɹǭZȼ൱⡣ҲǰʱһЩ⣬ԶڣеЩ˾ǱЩʲôʱǻЩ˽⡣
Ŀǰ״ĻšҪһʱܹ׬ĿɡˣЩӣһֻɻǵͣţһҪһЩ
ؼҵ·ϣǭZȼһֱĥԺôг飬ʽܹճһЩÿֶͽͺˡ
ǭZȼ׼ʱؼҵģѧУúѧϰ˺ö֪ʶֻؼҵĴСѧ
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ʲôǰ
ǭZȼԷ㣬ķ䡣ȻͿԷ˵һԲĿԼ
ƳƳԷӣ֪Ϊɶɵһ顭
ﰲĿ£ǭZȼԷܹ̿ˮһ̲סȿڵСС㡭Ӵιһ飬˵ˣôˡ
ôˣʲôôˣԷ̧ͷǭZȼش
ûûʲôûôˡ
ѧУôˣԷЦǭZȼ
ͦͦõİǰһǭZȼҲЦŻشԷ㣬ΪԼĿŶȣͬʱҲŰ˳û׼ҲΪԼ飬ֲһ䣬ʦҶءʦء
ôĸʦİ
ǡǸʦ
ô˵岻˼أǣǼҵȥӵأ˵ǼҵģġסݡţСZԷһһٵ˵
˻
ǸǭZȼһһŵ٣ҲǽѣϣϻǺޱģɫûô仯û졣
ɶôʵҲǸˣʲôģǰ¶ǾģĲģ˭˭
ֻǡһĻ
ņ̀ͷֱԷ۾ǭZȼʵڲҪƭԷ㡭οǿ˫ۣžҪƭ飬
㡭㡢ô֪ġ̹״ӿܴϰɡο¶ɣԷѾ֪ˣȻĻҲһʼ͵Է㲼õȥһٵģôȥҲԲѡ
ȥ֤ȯ˾ʲôԷȻðһϢ
ɶɶɶ֤ȯ˾
Բۡô˵ɵ飬Է㶼Ѿ֪ˣ
Է㿴ĻëǭZȼ͵˼ۣȻԷ㿪ˣôǲܴһ֪
Բԣ԰ղǻԼϿϵôôҪǳ¶ҲڵһԼô졭
ǡһԷҪǲ֪Լ˵ˡǾͿˡҳ£ҲȥԲܹκ֪
Է㣬Ŀǰ˵ܸ
֤ȯ˾ûȥ
𣿿Ǹ֤ȯ˾ĳ˵㱳ơнӿô£˭ļ٣
ҡҾðϵһͬѧĸļ١ѧУʵеܡ岻̫Բġ֤ȯ˾Ҳֻ֪Լؼң߻ؼҵ·Ͽž·˰ɡǭZȼͷԽ˵Խί
˵˵ţ͵ˡ
°
ԱƣԷ˶ԺӵĺµԷ֪һУԼ鱻
µģεٴصޡ
Է֪һеĻǭZȼľͲ֪ôˣû׷Է㣬ֻԷǭZȼݺദֻõĿң
Ҳ֪Ϊʲô˵˵µȻµҪҲûްƫƫ᲻µСӵ嶼ôô
ǭZȼϺҵĲҪĨᣬסᡣ
ҪԷ㿴ûϢӡ
ϲŮӿԼ޵ӣѿ
СZ
Բ𣬶ԲҡҴˡԲ㲻ҪҡǭZȼ̧ͷԼ̫ѷˡ
ӻôԷһ𣬻ô
ǭZȼԼûϢʱ򣬱һ˫ֱ˻
ˣˡҲû˼ֻҪ֪쵽ΪʲôӿΡĻҪ˵ʦ绰棬ȻȥؼϢͺˡ
ԷעǭZȼ۾˵ţ沢ûֺͷŭ
Ժ󣬲Ҫ鷳ˣ֪𣿡
š
ԷǭZȼСᣬҲ֪ôģһӾʡ΢ŭǣȫʧȡ֮ǿƲסۡ
óǭZȼᣬȻб顣
ȵǭZȼûпˣתԺԷſ˵ԺʲôҪĻ͸ңҶȥ
ֻ̫ˡȥѧУʱ򣬵˺óʱ仹û֣ȥİʦ֪ˣΪ㱻ʶ˴˾úö˳ȥ㣬ֽӵ绰˵֤ȯ˾Ϲȥ㣬֤ȯ˾ʱȴû㣬ڸһ̴绰˵ؼˣϸϻؼҡ
Էһ˵һĵҲǷˡ
Ժˡ֪𣿡
šС㣬Բ𡣡ǭZȼͣһܲõӣΪ޹Щǲǵĳ鴤
ֻҪӦңԺҵͺˡԷǭZȼСڶԲ𣬲ܷʲô飬Ҫ˵Բ֪𣿡
šϲСˡǭZȼ˫С֣§סԷĲӡ
ԷοЦЦǭZȼرסԼڣ廹Ǻܲ𣿲ҴȥҽԺ鿴ɣ
ǭZȼҡҡͷʾԼû¡
Ĳ𣿡ԷǭZȼ˵ĻЩģϾ⺢ǰ컹ղ˲㶪ӻ˵ȥɡһȥģҲһֱԱߵġ鿴ҲһЩ𣿡
ҡǭZȼ˵ʵû¡
ҪԵĻ˵ʲôĶǻ˵ġ
òԷ㲻׷ˡôǰһ㣬ԹԵɡ
ǡǺðɡ
ǼСZԡԷ˿ϾСҪġ
ǡҪһֱҡǭZȼ
Ȼʲôʱƭ㣿
лҪ˵

ֱּٰ
Լһֵģ˵ý벻Ҫ
ұһģ类ĸȥˣϲŻؼҡ
Ȼ뵽ڣ
ҺܰûУ
ԼǸˣĽ˹
Ҳ˵ҵüȥˣ໹аСʱ㹻
һûнĺϢչ


8 
ԷǭZȼȥҽԺ飬ڵõҽȷǭZȼȫûκεطĿ϶شԺһ
ڻؼҵ·ϣԷʲôû˵ǭZȼʱʱƳƳ
ôôе㲻ϰߡ
ǭZȼԷ֣Ǹҡǡҽ顭ְ˵𡭡
ôһ˵꣬ҲǻẦ°ְİ
ǰʱôôĸʧǭZȼ棬չںǵġ
׺ĸףѪŨˮ飬ôܲںأ
ܹʧĻǭZȼȻҲ밡
Ϊӣ˭룬ΪĸĽأ
ȻһǭZȼȻøĸʧˣԷһҲΪĸŮ
㻹֪ᵣİСԷص˵ǭZȼĶͷ
ǭZȼͷԺ󣬷ǳװһʹӣʹ໡ֽԼĶͷһұ㵯ͷĺʹҪοҪӡ
һУԷΪԼ̫ˣȥǭZȼ࣬滹Ǹ˵СZԲҲáĺʹࡱԷ㱻ǭZȼıԻ󣬵ȫˣʵԼѹûôʹʵ
ԷôԼԼӣĺð
ֱϲ˷Ϲĵĸоĺðð
Ȼֻǡһλ곤߶Сӵںˡ
ҲǺõĿʼɡڵǭZȼ˵ҲѾںЩˡ
ΪĿʼףӦþڣԼԷĹϵⲢһ޷ԽȥĿ
Ȼ޷ԷİôŮأԷ곤أңԷ㣬ûѪԵϵ
ôһ룬ԷһӣƺֽһЩ
һ˵ǭZȼףһ𣬱κ޹ؽҪıŤҪöࡣ
ֻҪԷôʲôݣãǭZȼںΪԷһ۰Լġ
ˣҲãҲաֻҪܹõԷģá
ꡣ
ǭZȼ̲סЦ˳ƹˣԷ۰׷ˡ
ЦԷ֪ԼˣˡװһӣǭZȼǭZȼԼƺԺװһ޹ӣץԼֱҡҡȥˣӡ
ǵģСһ׵Ǹ˭ѧİ
ԷʳֵָһǭZȼĶͷ˺ܴ˵ǺܴʵҲֻɶѣͷжʹأҪǣԷҲ᲻ʮʮ
أʹ
λˣңС
ءûƭ㰡ĺʹʵҲûôʹȷ֮ǰһҪʹһ㣬˵֮ǰһʵȫǵ޻ѹͲʹ
ǭZȼҪԷԼȻԷ㶼˵СˣôαزһءֻһΣɵסЦˡ
ŲءȻô˵ԷȴǭZȼͷˡ
ǸС
Ҳֻ㻵
ǭZȼ˵ԺԷ㶼һ㶡
ZȼȥҼҰɣԡŲŨױ毺òŮǭZȼ˵
ԷǭZȼ⻰һЦԷұȽҪ㡣Ů˵Ķ˵ȴ룬˵㡱ֵʱǭZȼҧҧŮ˵Ķζ൱ԡ
ᡭûȻô˵Ůȴץ֣Լ·
Ͷԡ㻵ǭZȼŮˡ
ǰʱģĳһŮѡ
ͻȻӿļ䡣
ǭZȼϵЦһ
һģֻԷ㻵ˡҲģֻԷСˡбˡ
˵ȥļ仹ǻʱӿǭZȼЩ
ǭZȼعʱ򣬷Էڷ֣ţС㣬С㣿
ţԷƫͷһģǭZȼСZôˣ
졭ǡ顭ûиְ߰ɡҪǽ¶֪ˣòԷ㲻׷ˣһѪϷŹʱ򳴹ʲôʲôʲôʲôģȫˡɾ군ˡ
ѽ°֪ԷӣȻǭZȼıӣҲֱӴ绰ˡ
ҴԲԭСZĶԲԡȻ˵ĻȴǭZȼ֣ԷŤŤȥһСӡ
Է㶼Ťˣʵûްԭ㡣ʱҪصѧУúϿΣ֪𣿡
⡭⡭ǭZȼôش𰡡
ӦУӦҲС
ӦɡǺúϿ¶ȥҪǲӦɣкԷ롣
ôˣǲѧУʲô飿۸ˣԷ㿴ǭZȼһֱͷԼҪһԲӣΪѧУܵʲôίԲˡ
ûûС
ΪʲôҪѧУϿΣ
ҡǭZȼ̧Էֹӡ
ʲô˵Ļͺúõ˵ҪʲôҪʲôҪúõ˵˲Ż֪㵽Щʲôʲô
Է㲢һŤˣ£żɽķΪ˵Ƕ˭¸ҵرԼԸһǳҪ顣ԶǭZȼĽҲһֱǲȡİ취ġ
ҲѧУǰʵС˵ĺܶԡҪҲӦ¸ҵرԼԸ
С鶼ŤŤ󣬲˵Ļ
ôһ죬ҪôԷ㣬ϲ㡱飿
ʦ̵̫ˣ⼸ѧУϿΣȡĶһϿξͷķʽ֮ĿաװһǺѧǹԱںúεӣʵֻڷѡ
򵥣ǭZȼ˵ǣԷܾȡĦ°ͣ˼һǭZȼ۾˵ԣСZ˼˵ѧУʦڵĿγ̣ȫᡣΪѧϰ̫ˣҪȥѧУˣ𣿡
ţǭZȼͷ
á飬һѧУʦͨġСZõġԷǭZȼһᶨЦݣͷ
졭ȥѧУ𣿡
ȥ
GҲ롭ǭZȼһ±ƣǶ˵СѧĶ̫Ϊʲôȥʹడ
ꡪԷʾǭZȼʳָסǭZȼ˫
죬һȥѧУңţ
š
Ȼ˿̣ǭZȼעѾ컹ҪȥѧУ飬ȫתƵԷʳָԼĴϡ
ģġ
ָһζ
Էƺע⵽е֣Щɫ̫Ȼջ֡
ǭZȼҲע⵽ˣԷҪջָ顣״촽ָһ㡣
Ȼװһ޺ԡ
꣬Ҳ
лҪ˵
ϣ

ұʾϵʱ˳ɣý
ľУ
ȻԼǸ;зҷˣӵĽ
ҡú?(? ?????? ?)?˼ôһǰɡ
ڼû֣ͣ²



9 
һ磬ԷǭZȼȥѧУˣȥϿΣֱУ칫ҡ
ѧУ²һǭZȼ֪ʶ档
ʵ뷨ʵԷĲ²ǭZȼڵĴˮƽﵽʲô̶ȡ
ȻǭZȼܹ˵ĿǰѧУеĽѧԼеĵĻô֪ʶƱزСѧ̶ȡ
Խˡ

ж꼶
ǭZȼİûڣߵʦǾȡ
ȻǭZȼĳɼһֱ죬Ҳһֱһ൱ɵĺӣֻͻҲɵþ
һһֱԼ۵׳ɳĺӣԼȴûзصǱ
ԷҲôġ
ȴҲԵģΪˡ
ǭZȼãԼҲ˸е
ڳĲ̫˵ҲֻǭZȼ˰ɡ
ûиȻų
һֱΪԼֱܹӱĵšû뵽ֻѡҲڱҵôԺȫûиϰ£ܹﵽļ˰ɡ
Ȼ֪Ҫ㳤⣬õķȻ˭ൽԷôؼǡҲû뵽ԷֱӾʹ˰һǽ죡죡찡
׼Ȼٻܹʱοο
ǭZȼԷΪı֣һֱЦݵİѧУҲĪůůġ
ֻҪԷЦŵġ
ôͻη塣
֮ǭZȼֻõȵѧʱ򵽳вͺˡ
ΪǭZȼϵǴѧĸСѧӦĻгввֻڿѧԺͬΪж꼶ͬѧһϿξͺˡ
ȻǭZȼܹڳ֪ʶдﵽ㣬Ǽ̫Сˣֱӵѧϰ֪ʶĻܻЩԼ˽⣬УڵģϣܹӳʼѧϰԷԴҲϿɵġ
ӦֱؼҵģԷͻȻ˵ҪߣǭZȼȻҪ˾·߿ĺĸǡ
ǭZȼǣԷ֣Ŀĵڽϡ
̧ͷԷ㻹Щ롣
ͬˣѾǸ߳ܶˣǺѾ˵Էȣǲ˺ܶࡣ
ǭZȼһһСӵӽǣΪ˵ĿȥԷ㡣
оý
֪ΪʲôǭZȼȻãԼԷý֣ܹסҲǵһοԷżĬָо
Ȼ˵ԷĬﵽʲôǭZȼ֪ȴĪľãԼ
Է㡣
ʱʲôοûá
ôˡ
ۣá
ĵĻǶࡣ
ֻҪԷߡ
ͺˡ㹻ˡ
Է㣬Զ
СZĬ˺һ·ԺԷ֡
ţǭZȼգŴ۾ɵĿԷ㡣
ԷͣҪЩʲôȴ˻ȥֻǱǸҡҡͷûʲô
ǭZȼĪʧ䣬˵㣬ûкܰ
ȻСZˡЦſ佱
ǡҪ
ȻҲѾˣҲ˵ǭZȼԷһ൱ڴڼڽ׶ΣҲζšǶУܶܶˡ
ǭZȼ˵˵ž뷨ˣһڲסϲá
ɶôõĻᣬȻ˷ˣ
Էһ٣Щ㵣Ȼ·Գһ΢΢ҡҡͷЦŻع˵áǡСZҪʲôأ
ӾأҪȥӾأٺٺٺٺٺ٣ļƻɹһ룡
ӾأҪӾ𣿡Է룬ѾеˣȥӾصĻԷ㱾ҪƼȪģǻ˵һ룬ǭZȼգʧǴӦǺðɣȥӾءֻȥڵม
ãǭZȼĻϲ
ǡھͣؼҰɣԷǣǭZȼС֣Щģؼˡ
ô졭ǭZȼСһ䡣
ΪԷǣֵʱһЩšָоĺúð
ΧжˣԷ㶼⣬ᡣ
ùϵҲãʲôã룬ùܡ
ֻˣֻǭZȼԷ㡣
ĽֵƺôߣҲ߲ͷ
šؼҰɡԷǭZȼС죬㿪ںǼСZô飬ô˵ҲúúףһѾ߰ˣ˵ϻһףӴ
ţʵҪ˵ĻͦϲԷ˶ġ
Ϊˣһֱһ𰡡ܴǵһֱԼߵˣԷ㡣
ĸ̫æ
ԴӡԷչ
ܹһֱһĻͺˡ
ǰǭZȼһֱôġ
ڣ̫һˡ
ʱһĿڣ֮֡Ϊʲôأ
Ժ飬Ĳһ˺ܶ࣬ÿ˵Ŀ⣬òһ
ԷǭZȼصԺ󣬷ְְѾڼˡ
俴ԷǭZȼϵЦƲס
裡
裬ôô磿аְҲǣ뷹㻹Сʱ̫ƽĹɰĸٻؼôġͷڼӳ
ǭZȼܵߣЦſ˵ȻΪ֪ȼȼЦǭZȼգҲǡİְְɸˣæ¹˾һͻˣҴ绰ʱ˵Ѿڻؼ·ء
ȼȼôôܲأСҲǣѧĵʦѾҴ绰ˣҪСȥѧϰ㲻֪ʱҲ˻ôҲЦŵ٩Լ
˺ŮôĶܲ˰͵ǻؼأϾͿɣһңһС㻹ȼȼף𣬡ЦѯŮ
ҶģǭZȼ˵Ŀע֮£ȴشˡ
úúãСġǭZȼͷ
Է㿴ǭZȼҲ̲סЦˣ˵ǾͳԷɣȻô˵ȴԾǣǭZȼĸ׵£ȥϴϴְɡ
áӦȥϴּ䡣
һڵĳף󣬵ϣϨ˵ƣԻط˯
ǭZȼҲԹԻطˣԷЩȡǭZȼȻҪһ˯ˣ
ˡ
ԷոµʱǭZȼţֱӴ˽
˵㣬һ˯
ɡԷԵĳ磬ԵЦŴӦ
ԹɺãҶǭZȼһ굽ıŤŤģԷ㷢Ҫ
ǭZȼԺ󣬱ԹԵɺãȻҶͬʱľľ˸ǵԷЦ

ǭZȼſڴߣԷ۾ӡ
һֱʲôԷ۾ȴ˿˵ǵǭZȼһ
Ǳ˫۵𣡣
㡭㲻Ǳ۾ôô֪ڿġ
۾Ҳ֪ڸԷ۾ǭZȼ
ĵѾϣǭZȼԷ۾ȴܹںڰкĿԷ
ô˯
˯šǭZȼ̫ˡ
Ϊʲô
š㵽죬ͿȥӾˣ
ꡣԷЦôڴ
ţ
룬롣
ҪԷһ𣬴µģõ޷ǵĻ䡣
ǾͿ˯һ֮󣬽ʹȥ𣿡ԷοǭZȼ
ã
ںڰУǭZȼҵڱԷ֣ǣס
ԷֻΪºڣס֡
ǣ֣۾һͬߡ
лҪ˵
º
ҾһӦּɵݡ
ԡɶҾͲ˵
˵ڿ㻨ðݺ
ǿһ𹵡ͨͨ


10 
ΪԼ˵ڶͻȥӾأǭZȼ𴲵൱磬Ȼûǹÿһס
ᱡԷԺǭZȼϴȻȥĳˡ
ǭZȼԭ㣬ܽؼҳ緹ԺٽԷ𴲵ģȴû뵽ؼҵʱ򣬿ԷѾ緹ڵˡ
㣬Ǻ
Էһֱڿ߿űߵǭZȼ֪ʱ򣬲ͷһ㷢ܵͷ󺹣·ҲѾʪյˡ
ӶһɾëָǭZȼ
ȥϴɡϴ裬ǾͳȥȥӾذɡԷЦǭZȼȥԡҡ
ǭZȼȻɱ
ȿȡ
ֵ̫Ҳá
ԣǭZȼԼҪʵأѹһԼƲסļġ
ϾڻûȥأҪȥǵַˣ
ãá
һñ侲һ侲
ȻǭZȼƴԼƽǿ궯ģȴȫȫĳֵĺŸ衣
ſڣûϴ·Է㶼
ôڴԷ㲻ɵóЦš
ңãˣ㣬㣬ǳɣ㣡ǭZȼ·ɱſڣԷ˾ڵ
Է㿴ô˷ܵӣҲɵñȾˣҲʼڴ
ǭZȼ·Ժ˵һӾԺ󣬲ԵܣҪһֱڽ֪ȥ͸˵ǲҪܵģ𣿡
֪ǭZȼЦŴӦ
ΪôԵĽԷĶͷһ¡
ϲƫƫûϢǭZȼʮֲ˼ԷҪվʱȴסҲĶͷһ£˫ϡ
ӡ
롣
ǭZȼЦЦľٶ⣬Ҳܿġ
ȻܹһϲԷ˵ôǡշ
߰ɡԷǭZȼСЦ֡
ǭZȼǣ֣ҲЦ˵á
ʮӺ󣬸ҡ
ԷǭZȼӾصĻһӾҪ࣬һ㶼ҪǰԤſģӾĸҲǸģ൱עظ˽
ԵԷǭZȼһԺԼԱߵһȥˡ
תŵģȴһֱĬԼСӰ
ҽʲôǡ˵һһ𡭡ԷЩεʵԼǭZȼ
Ҫһ㣬һǭZȼʹŽҪǻúãɾͿˣҲҪһҡҺ¡
ֻ֮ܶһĿģǾԷӦԼҪ
УѵҪӾأΪӾ
ԷǭZȼ˵ǣ֮ǰǻ˵ԼСˣŲҪչ˵𣿡
찡ǭZȼΪʲô
ΪʲôҪԼԼأ
ΪʲôҪ˵ô޴Ļ
ͲӦúú͵û͵
ǭZȼû취ˣⶼ˵ȥĻóȥˮˣû취ˣֻСˣˡ
ҲҪҾҪһ𡭡·СɲǸǵģԵ
֣§סڶԼԷ㣬ҡҡȥԷҡˡ
ˡԷ㱾ˣǭZȼһȻĸԼ˵ˣŲҪչʲôģҪⶺģȽϳϣǭZȼûҲûϣϡ
ǡɡ
ԷǭZȼıˣӦǭZȼ
ʲʲôɡɡ
ʲô
ѽǭZȼտʼԶˡ
ɶʵͦٶ˵ġ⡰ɡ⣬ǭZȼڶô;ôء
ڻǸСӺòãôô۰˼봿࣬ϲǺúۡ
ţԷͷӾ°·ɡ
ˣˣˣˡǿҵǭZȼôĿԷ㡣
Բۡ
·
͵ʴ
仰ôôôоԼܰ
˵õĹء
㰡ԷȫȻ֪ǰӣոôôĲ˼롣
šǭZȼһһԼϵ·ʵҲû٣һѡ
¶ûпʼСѧ꼶ذ
˵ˡǰǶʮʱҲš֣ѡ
ǡĺðİЩټԷרעĿԼ࣭㣭壬ǡˡ
Է㵹ûôֻǭZȼѹԺԷŰӾ¡
ˡԷǭZȼļʾѾӾˡ
㣬ء㡭𣿡ǭZȼС˵
ǭZȼ˫ĴģĿתĶԷ㣬һһԼ·⿪¿۵ʱǭZȼһ
ǰŮˣȻ18ѣȴѾܰ͹¡ƨɡƤǰݣƫһЩĺǣ൱Է㴩VĻһܺʡ
ǰ
ǰʱûôעȻҲȥ۲ֵطȻǣԷ֣ݣͣôĻǰšӦǡ36Cɣ
ǭZȼǰľ˵ԷĿ˵൱ˡŮˡ
¿ǡ
ԷûСӣվֱ壬ȴ˿׸ⶼûУ෴ģߵ൱
¡¾ǡ
Է㹪̧һֻţʽӾ£¶ϡϵӾԵ˿ʱ򣬾ˡ߲һ
عͷɫ˲䱻Űס
СZ
ǭZȼѪΪˣóëֹסѪȴս˲ŷ֣Ѫˡ
ǡ̫ûϢ˰
ǭZȼǭZȼС㲻ѹվǰôѪ
һŮˡҲŮİʲôͨٵİ
Էеģ
ȻǭZȼδС
ǡûϢ
̫ˡ
ΪԷãأ壭֮󣬾ͿѪʲôģ;úú߰
ǭZȼ氵Լɵȴֲǰ
Էѩ׵ëάŶŵưǭZȼֹѪǭZȼǰľӦþҲֻġ
ǣ
˫۴ӿ컨嵽תתƵԷǰѩ׵ʱԷòװֹסıѪֿʼӿ
ǭZȼֻһ˫۾ֱֱĶԷǰ
ţ⣭ǰȻ˫ֵĴСȻ޷סġڣ⣭ǰ˵ġţСӣң۷۵ģԲԲģ͹ӡ
ǭZȼ̲סһڿˮ
񡭡
ĴС
ӦҲǡİɡ
һ¡͡
СZһȻԷľ
ǭZȼűѪεˡ
лҪ˵
¡
ڡ
⼸е飬æſѧȫûʲôʱ俪¡
쿪ʼͻָˡ
ѾѧУˡ
ΪӦûʲôģ
ǻǰһҶҪʵѵϿθ鷳ʱ䡭
Ϊ˿֤ԺҪڵĻͱ뿼ѧڿܻȽæ㡭
ϣҼ¡
дģǿ϶ӵġԴҿԷġ



11 
ȵǭZȼѹʱԷ㵣ǵģӳ
Ϊ̫ô
ԣСüͷ۾д˹ģŵԼô
СZû£
ǭZȼҡҡͷһԶһҵӣҪжԷ㣬ܺãһ鶼ûУ˭Ҫá
㣬ۣǭZȼ߻һ£ƺڰ칫һϢҵӣ
ҡ㻹˵أͻȻεˣˡԷŵһǷˣһֽԷС
ô˵
ǭZȼΪʲôεˡ
װ״Էǰ˳ס˵õıȻءΪʲôǱװӾװ
ǭZȼ̲ס
ȫˣʵѹûС˵õıȻᡱ顣
㣬ûȥӾòײһεءǭZȼԷ֣˦˦ȥǸǣӴ
Է˳һĲ鲻Ըӡ
ò㡫ȥȥ
ġ߰ɡǭZȼʵҲֻιȥһӵӣѪҲûˣԷһǴӦ
Է㻹ǻص˸ǭZȼҪſڵԺ󣬱㵽ȥӾװˡ
ǭZȼͦҪ͵͵ȥģ࿴ҲǺõӣǻﻹһɵѪζѪеడΪԼȫ뻹´ΰɡ
ǭZȼǣסԷ֣ԼСԷȻ̧ͷԷķӦ
ԷֻǵͷЦЦ˿ľȶûС
ȻڵӾأǳȴ൱Ĵ󣬼ˮ˲Ǻܶ࣬һûᡣ
ǭZȼԷ֣һ·ܵˮرߡȻرЩˮе㻬˵ȴһֱյĺܽûɿ֡
һǭZȼСţ̧ͷԷ㣬һ󺰣ô˳
һԵԷͷôµʱѾǭZȼˮ
ǣʪս
ǭZȼԷЦݣԼҲ
þáûпԷ޹˼ɣ޼ɵЦˡ
á
㣬ȹֻڡ˵ģʱɡ
㣬˶ѾĽƣȻ緹Ӿ︽Ĳˣ˶Բߵͣʰöһؼˡ
ǭZȼԷصʱȥָĸҲڼңܹһһԷĻᲢ࣬ҪϸĻָɡԷǭZȼͦ˵ġ
С㣬ȼȼ˰§ԼŵֵģŮˣЩ˼㽫Լֳ˳
ɲˣԼŵǣˣ
ʮֲģȥֽԼǣסϻ˵ţԼŵֶǣء
ȴ㹻ڳͷˡ
ۡԷЦǭZȼҲЦ
һԸĸСʱ𣬾Ƕмӵģճʱһڹ龰ԷѾֲˡ
ǰһǭZȼЩ
ԴĲֳϲֵصϰˣֻǡҲͣںܾǰˡ
ǰ
󡭡ĸûȴݣ롣֮ϵ죬ҲǵԼԵʰɡ
ǭZȼɫЩƽĳŶĸĸȥ漴ЦݵԷ㡣

ܹһĻ
ҲһְֺҸŰɡ
Ҹ㡭
ԷӦһĿǭZȼһ㶣ҲЦˣ¶˰˿ݵɵЦ裬㣬Ҷˡ
ˣɣǵСŮ˵ˡͷ䶼̲סЦ
Ů˵ϵģı
ϡ
Եʱ˵ţ˵죬绰ˣ˵ǼҵŮܽ顣һȥ񡣡
ô찡ҼǵáҵŮǡʮİɡϻ
ǭZȼ޹صĻ⣬ȻãҪר黹ǡԷ
Է㣬˼ȻҲ϶ǭZȼϣʱʱвˣǳԵǵķ
ʮˣҲСˡǼСҲ˲ô˵˵ŸԷ㣬С꣬Ҳʮ˰ɣٹ˼ѧҵҲͿˡʱˡ
ॡǭZȼеӵ˵ϷһҲһˤˡ
˲ˤЩ꣬ҲڽеĻ⣬ǭZȼֱֻԣһʶľͿԷ㡣
ûû¡һͺáС飬ԸӶһµͺˣͬʱҲǭZȼȼȼѾˣԷʱҪǺ꣬ոС֪𣿡
˵ȷǸС飬ô˵ӦеҪеģǷڼ棬ȻʧɾͲˡ
ǭZȼŻعָ˼ͷӦţš
ΪԺ㲻ټղŵĻˣƫƫķΧøӵǢ
ǭZȼԽԽζ
ֻ˵˵ѣΣûа취ԣԷҪޡЩԺƲס顣
磬ԷԺ˵˵ҪϯμŮĻԺиӻŮҪô֮ơЩ۵ԽǻȣǭZȼüͷľԽǽ
ӶܲˣȴЩҲԲһڷһһ㣬ܣֿɬζҲӵĵףƫƫû˵Щʲô
ǭZȼ˫һֱڲ֮£ճȭͷЩ˵ָΪյĵ
֡
ôˣǼСҪԼһ𣿡ЦԼŮ
ҡԷ̧˫ۣԼͷ۾ڽ顭ڡûǸ˼ҵԺŬȰæپԺ顣ԣĿǰѽ뿼ǷΧ
⵹ҲǣڶԣȷЩȻŮѾˣǰְȻ֧뷨ġ׵ʧܰŮԸ̳ҵҵֻæѹһĵӡ
ְְ֡ǡ
ǭZȼ飬ǿʼת俴ǭZȼЦЦ˵ˣԷɡ
˵Щеûʲôءء˵¸һᾡճʱһһȥ񡣡
ͷ
ϡ
ԷǭZȼڴϣȴЩ塣
֪ΪΣԷ̫ڰһЩ
СZÿ𣿡ԷתͷǭZȼ˵
ġǭZȼҲתͷԷӡ
ĿԡĬһ
ǭZȼһӵĿǣȴԵģĵģԺ󡭡
ţ
ÿ꣬һȥ档
еĳƺ仯ˣ㡣
㡣
ֻ㡣
ð
룬һиģֻǵĻ䡣
лҪ˵
£
ʵѵп¡
뵽ҪҾͺ¡
⣬˵һ¡
ȻҾԼдĲã˾òÿ߾鲻λʲôģҶԽܣҲȫܹ⣬ΪϾÿ˹۵ҪͲص㲻ͬ
бȽǺһ飬˴ӳʼǻڱȽ֮У൱һ㡣
д£趨Ҳҵıޣ޷ǵȫҲ˺ܾã˺ܶԶдϲ˲ô࣬ȻϣһͶɹʲôġ
ţûʲô˼Ҳû˭˼
ֻҪһԼĸܡ
⣬ллһֱҵС飬˿Ļһһֱдȥġллǡ
ǣţŨq?


12 
ûУûк𣿡
ǭZȼһ¼ⲽȥˡ
ûа취һûʲôģʲôģ鷳
ٵһ£һ¾ͺÆǴ¼ڴġ
ûλǭZȼƵҽŮӡǭZȼһҶѾȷϯ
ԣŮȥ
ǭZȼѾȹӵģѾ˵ģȹģһһܿɰƫƫǭZȼԸ⣬ҪСװ
ֲֻôӦȥѡһСŮСװ
û뵽ǣСװĳĳǭZȼͦΣΪ߱ȽϰθߵĹϵȫһ׵СӣԽԽʼеСĸоˡ
ǣǭZȼ¼ŷԷ㡣
Լ·ֻ˲ʮӶѣΪʲôСͷʱôءȻŮڴ緽ͦҪʱľˡ
ǣĺġ
ǭZȼͷ̾
ȼȼ󣬴
ǭZȼŶ䣬εת

ôһɫԷ㾪޵ˡ
ƽųӣǽ˳ĳ¶ֻСɵĶ䣬촽ССĹϵԵø塣ҲΪϵĹϵԷ˵߷ǳչ˳޳ƤֺܰݣӾͺܺõĹϵԻûлױѾһ׵ĸоˡ
ǭZȼ촽΢ţ˫ѾȫԷĲɷӸ嵽ˡ

ôԷԵ÷ǳ˼ӡ
ϾٴģΣǳһδμӱ˵Ļš
ȻÿҲѾվԷߣִļϣ˱ĸŮǸǽá
С㣬ƣȼȼѾˡ֤ܺÿЦŴȤ
šûСʲôġ
Ҽȼȼˡ̲סЦˡ
ǭZȼ˵£ߵĵͷƫƫвĵ̲ס̧͵͵Է㡣
Ĳܹ
ΪԷ̫
ôһ˲䣬ǭZȼԷԣߵĲٿԷ۾ֻƿߣװעʵеעȻֻԷϡ
Էƺ˿ںǭZȼĻشӣǭZȼǾ䡰ûС⣬ֻǿǭZȼģߵ΢΢һЦ
Ȼ
ǭZȼȻˣԷЦԼȴôһӣֻǵͷԭء
Է֣ǭZȼϳֵ壬Ȼļ˵ȼȼôͦɰءڵӣԽŮӵˡ
ʱ˿̣ǭZȼ̧ͷˣԷ۾
۾Ҳء
ССҲ
λŮ𣿡
ǭZȼҲӦԷĿޣȴĳֶϡ
Ǿ䣬û˵
β˽Ϊʮ޳βĳͦӢ
ߵ˵ߣԼţŮЦ˵λŮʿѾˣʣڿԳȥ᳡𣿡
˵ֱۣ꣬˼ԡ
˼һߣȻԷţǭZȼԷ־ͺ
ȵ˻᳡ԺΪŮĿˣȻٲ˸һٺѵġ
ǭZȼû£㿴ֻǣʼնûɿԷ֡
ֳĴˣ϶ʶģΪǼҵŮϼŵľǰкǴġ
С㶼ô˰ǳɴءվԱߵλŮʿӦþ̫̫ˣעԷ㣬˵ǣԷ˵ʱ򣬻᳡Ĵ󲿷ʿĿ⣬һ·׷ֻǳڱͼĺѣ޷
ǰһת۶ôءҴСʱŲʮءЦЦ
ö˰ɡСƯ׷кһٰɣɵİ˵꣬СҲðھϯ˰ɡ
ءСڲʮˣżż䲢ûм˼ϾǵȷԷͻСټϣ˵鰡ǵúԼĸİҲû氡
⵹ҲǡúԼɡ
ǭZȼľĺѡ
ΪСʱĺѣǸѧϰɼһ˵ĺѣͻɸ鷽׷ʡ
⣬Ҳ
ǾͰһһĮ
Է㣬ȫ΢Ц
ֻ⣬õİ취΢ЦΪûа취˸ĸԼĽȥʲôҲԲȥгʲôԣõӦԷ
ѵĲԺһң㿪ʼ䲻ЩʿԷߣϣܹѡȴԷһľܾˡ
ǳӵ֡
ȻǭZȼܲˬЩ˵ĿܹԷǾܾˣ滹һġ
Ϊһ˿ȥҰɲܹ˭ЩʶôҪδģŮء
ԷĹעҲһֱǶǭZȼϵģЩܾ˼֪Ѷˡ
ûãʽĿʼˡ
Լĸ׳ֵʱǭZȼԼλĵߵԷߣֱۡ
Է㱻ǭZȼעͷ
ǭZȼԼһЩʾԼ˵ԷͷڶС˵
㣬ҾãﻹҪƯG
ȻСԷȴ
ӵĻ֮£Īĳоһ˿ů⡣
ѽһǭZȼĶͷԼĵۡ
ǱҪÿǭZȼסԼĶͷ˵ţҡҪǽĻһġ
ꡣԷʳָһСơ
ǭZȼݿޣȷܸϾǱ˵Ļֳܲ˷ͷ
ССZҪĻȻǺкӰôᡭӵءԷ˵ЩЩЦֹס
ҪĻԼһܼįİɡ
ҲŲ֣ҾҪġԺһҪ飡һ仰˵ʱǭZȼվӶ֪ԼһˣҲ顱ֱ
ֳĻֻǭZȼԼ֪ԭ֮ԡԭ
ֻΪǰŮˡ
ľȣһ˿ƺϲãһ˿޷ȷĸо
Ҳոյһֻᡭ˵һᱻԷ㵱һͯδĺ˵ĻǭZȼһҲ⡣
Ϊһ죬ὫԷ˵ÿһ䣬ʵ
лҪ˵

ллаϲдġ
ʵдΪԼԲԲ档
ٺ٣ǺܴĺдϷʲôҲŲҲԲ
ึ΢һ£Ϊ˵϶ճǾûɶ߾ÿɶģҪһֱƽš
ҲѭСʹھճĻȻȽ϶࣬ҪͶ
ڸãУʱܣ
ǵӴţ


13 
ɺｻָԺ
ȫУ翪ϯ
ͷ˻׿ճʱ䣬Ȼ볤ʱ䲻ĺлҳ
ǭZȼȻרĵĳԷ
ԷȻҪԴĵĻУż㵽֣Ҳֻ̧ͷϼ䡣
ϯ䡣
ɺﻻ·ʼһһľơ
ͷڵһʱȫȻվľƣҲǶǵһף
;УЩʤеεӣɿ˱̷סλǸеľƣԼѾΪƾĹϵˡ
Էﱾʶģֻǲ磬˵ĸĸܹǾʱͬΪŮӣԷҲĵϣԺܹҸ
رģ˵ףĻ
ãҲ̹ϵ˵ϣԷպҲܹһԸһһ⣬İˡ
ǭZȼĿһֱû뿪Է㡣
ԷصĽҲԷ㻰͸¶ļį
һʱ֮䣬Щ޴롣
ϯôˡȴûɢһֱҹ
ǭZȼȴһֱֵķǳľګ
ϯǰǿϯʱǱֵķǳãǸ˵ӵģ;ȴͻȻóĬʱһԲӣһЦݣûС
٣ԷǭZȼġ
̫ˡ
Ҳ̫ڡˡ
ͬİ
ǭZȼ鲻̫ãС˵Լȥһϴּ䣬ʵֻҪ͸͸ѡ
ڡ
ΧĻ
̫֡
ʺ˿̵
ͷֻСҸĴתתҲûжģӦˡ
Է㣬ǭZȼһСһС뿪ıӰܾЩ
ƵĻ᳡Ĵɼ֣ҲԣϾ˼ҵĽ飬ĴϲӣȻҪˡ
ǭZȼֻü˾ߣһû˵ģĵط
ȻȥԶһЩĵطϾ¼˵ģ˸Խһĵط
ֻһˡ
㹻
ûбˡ
ᱻš
ܺá
ֻǡ꣬ȴôҲɢ
ҹҲϵҲǡѾ΢紵ţˬ
ţʮӰɡǭZȼһ˾شʮӡ
Լģƽ
紵ľˣеģҲã˹
ȥɡǭZȼԼԼգƵ飬תϡ
鶼ܲˣôһĿѹûеģԺô׵۹Ըĸķء
һ·߻ػ᳡ԭ·ء
˻᳡ʱ򣬷ִ󲿷ѾˣǭZȼνһЦ̧ͷʱǰһӰ
ǸӰһ˲䣬ǭZȼɴ˫ۡ
ʧȥĽġ
һ̣ĸܵĵģһΪ𾪡ĸо
һģȺмѰǸ˵ӰҪ֤ԼոտģǴ
ףⲻܰϣԼղǿۡ
СZǭZȼĴѰӰʱðԷ
ǭZȼͷ
Է㻹ͬȥÿһһÿֻҪǭZȼͷԷǱЦݿ
µĴ硣
ůůģŻ㣬ĵס
ղŵĿֻţҲڿԷһֹ̣ͣ
㡣
·𣿡
ԷǭZȼϯʼûסһֱҲϴּ䣬ҲǣĪĵ
ǭZȼһ˾ش磬Ҳߣֻûб
ӡ
ԱǰĻãڸǳĬ
ȻҲкܶʱȻʹǰһ޶¡
ֻǡԷ棬Ҳ֪ôˣҲ֪ʲôʱʼ;á̲סǭZȼһ۵ĸо
ʱ򣬵ǭZȼ¶ǰδ¶һֱʱ۵ĸоӵģǿ
ȵǭZȼƺǴصԭȵεʱԷȻҲǸһ
ֻߵ·ʱǭZȼȴͻȻͣ˽ŲĴϵı飬Եúżп־塣
ԷΪΪ·ˣߵߡ
ǭZȼ΢΢ͣ˺һƽԺ󣬲ĻشšͻȻҲȥ·ˡ¡
ԷЦͷûϵڡǣǭZȼ֡
Ժ·ĻҲҪ¡ԭصŽͺãҪܡһġ𣿡ԷǣǭZȼֱߣ΢΢ͷǭZȼ
š
һġ
˧
仰
Էò˵˧ʵ̫ʺϣǲ֪ΪʲôǭZȼʱ˿̣˵ĻԷ㣬ܾáһˡ
Է㣬ĺ˧
ҲӴС㡭·ĻҲһὫһġ
ûκˣ㡣
УҲһᣬġ
ֻģ磬Ҳֻҵģһ
Է㱻ǭZȼⷬЦˣѽСƨһǵȽɡ
ˣǣ֣һ·˵Ц
ûбϵĻ
ǰλС㣬һ¡̫ȷеǲԼԷֻǻͷһۣһλʿ˹
ʣʲô飿ԷһĬȻ
ǲЦֻȷЦѡԱˣֻͨҲԶò
ǰλסʿȻò˧һɫװҲĳʿϢϧԷȤΪ֮ǰڨһġ
ǣֱߵǭZȼȴһ𾪣缸֮ǰ
ֿ־壬ֻˡ
ǰˡ
ˡ
ǡ껷塣
ô
ʱ򣿻סԷ㣿
ֻİɣ껷һֻ֣̯Է㿴һֻ档

ԷʶԼҶǶˡ
ллԷлֻ
ϧǭZȼһ
ǭZȼԷһ֣Էлһ̱֡
˳껷һֻͬʱЦŵл¶˻˵лл塣
˵Ҳ껷巴ӦԷ־ֱ뿪ˡֻ沿Щ鴤ĳ껷塣
塢壿
ô
껷浱ȻЩģǭZȼôҲһСӣڡ塱ƺôܣҲûа취һ۰
ڱǭZȼ뿪Է㣬ǭZȼų껷塰塱ʱ򣬾̲סЦˡ
ŮǵñŰֻñЦѾڴЦˡ
塣
Ȼ飬ֻǭZȼĳ
ɰĲˡ
Էϲġ
һϲһ۹עţʧ˵Ҳе
ڶҲϲصĶ
СZ
ţ
ֻҡ
ǭZȼͣŲԷ㼸룬̯֣
ֻԷ˶Ժǣ֣ߵһߣӽͰ
ǭZȼһ㶡
ǵáһԶʮյʱ͸ġڡֻʣһֻˡ
Էϡ
ǭZȼʶȥʣµһֻ
ԷֻǶЦЦο
ǭZȼеˣҲϲ
лҪ˵
æ˵㡭΢˵㣬˼
ҵ˯



14 
ԴǴΣǭZȼڻϼ껷Ժ飬һֱǭZȼԺл֮ȥ
һʼʱôûף껷ôֵôء
ǰļԼǣ껷Է㹤ԺųֵİڣԷŸոոбҵ껷ǰ4ꡣ
֣ǭZȼĳʱ䶼޷ƽ
ÿÿҪ飬ѳ껷ˣ֮Ժʱ̲סϷһĻ
껷ôɵļԷһֻ
ȻʱԷԳ껷ƺǲûȤӣǡԺأ
Է㿪ʼԺ󣬳껷Ȼ֡
ѵҪݱǰô
ǭZȼʱ㱣ʱڷſյУʱ˵˵һ룬ͻȻ˳ʱĳĬ
ӳǣʲô飬ʲô飬ǭZȼܹű뵽˳껷ֵ¡
Ȼüͷҧָף΢΢ͷԾĳԼ統С
ԷȻɻ󣬵ҲûдŹǭZȼ˼
ϾŮܻЩԼµġ
ȻԷԼԣϣǭZȼܹ£Լġ
죬ǭZȼҲãֻǣùãһ˵ʱ򣬴״̬
óֽ
һǣҲ껷屾ǻ췽ֻԼǰĲμʱ򣬲ʶ껷壬ԲûϳԺٿ껷ʱ򣬺ӡԲžʱǵһμ档
ڶǣΪǰԼһʵСӣԸûνĶƸеҲͲԼȥ磬Էҵ飬ô껷ҲǸʱ񵽶
ǭZȼΪԼóִǱȽϿ׵ģп϶ԼĽԺ󣬱ҧѹеһǳ
ȴû뵽¹ȥˣ껷ˣڻϼһԺ󣬾Ҳûгֹˡ
ǭZȼЩʼ׼ˣΪ㾭ǰ֣Ҳڵ޷һδġ
Ҳ˵Ȼ껷ܹǰ֣ô㣬Ҳпܡ
뵽һ㣬ǭZȼð
һûҪһȻ󣬿δ
Ů̫ƯҲδʱ㡣жడ
ǭZȼ̲ס氧̾ȫȻԼڿΪ̾ĶԷһЦ
ȥԷڲԶЦ
ǭZȼһʱס׹Ժ󣬲ͨԭԷЦССһƸеӡ
ոԼһŽκ׻׿ɲǰŮô
Щ΢ŭ뵽
ҪԷܹĵľϲöðЩҲԹԹ˰ҪĻǿɲôҪԷֻϲĻô鷳ǰɡ
ðɣǭZȼҲԼ뷨̫һЩ
˵ףǰŮ̫ˡ
ǭZȼû޵ķ˸ۣȻɳܵԷߣס
⡣
ټϣǭZȼǴ汧סԷ㡣
ԣԷġز档Ȼ˵ز棬ʵҲ˶١Ҳ˵ϣǭZȼֻҪ΢΢Ķһ͡
Էһ΢Ц
ΪǭZȼǣС飬ѾǼҳ㷹ˣԷҲûô⣬ǭZȼƺͻȻ˲ٵӣԷ㻹֡ôˡ
ֻǣڵ˵ȻԼô
Էôš
ԷǭZȼǵıҲûʲôǡ֪ʲôǭZȼĿԷֻؿڷȡԽԽȡ
һůǻȼţ࣬Ȼȵĸоؿڣӵȫ
ǭZȼȻװʲô֪ʲôһġء
䰡䰡䡣
ð
оġ
һţ⡣
ȻͬΪŮӣ幹һǭZȼ˵ҲǸӣذҲǸA+A+ôܹCأ
ǭZȼĬĬĲᣬͬʱϲ
ɼһϣǭZȼ֪֮ͦġ
ôŶܹоôôˡҪֵĻָС
ȿȣɶֲûǰʱ򡭡֪ˡ¾ͲˡΨԷ㡭Ϳû
롭࡭
Դð뷨ǭZȼ潫Լһ١
ôôأ
̫ˣ
ոԺð뷨ǭZȼЩ˼Ҳʼȫߵļء
Ӽҡ
Էֻãָоǰδйʼؿڷȣȫȣٵڵġӿһ֣ԼûĸоԼ޷Ƶĸо
š
ԷͷЩεģоƵķȵ󣬲΢ʼһЩ
ԼȻڣ룭ʶģһ۱㳯ǭZȼȥƺûзʲôŽһֻټǭZȼȥˣСZ
ţ
ǭZȼάűԷƣȻڣء
ȻոԷ㷢ģ룭ûӹĶ䡣һģССģ룭ǭZȼնС
û뵽Է㣬Ȼôء
ʲôûԷй¶˶ⷽĸоǡջɣ
ˣˡԷࡣ
ǭZȼװһӡ
ʵֿ˻
ɶԼϲˣΪԼľٶܵôܲأ
ǭZȼȻҲⰡ
롭췢飬һһֱǵõġ
ΪҲǡԷһһּ
˵ҪԷһ飬ϲԷ飬ֻһ˵飬һ˵һԸ
ǭZȼȻȥԷòʲôģΪ뷨ʵģֻԼһ˵뷨϶ǰߡ
͵äĿţԸ
ϾֻԼ
ԷԼ֮ĸ飬㹻ţлᡣ
ǭZȼһֱǵǸʱԷӣ΢죬ˮı鶼ڱԼǺߵĸо
·ԼԼĻ
롭ܸмʱԼ
һתۼ䣬ôȥˡ
ǭZȼѾбҵ
൱ۡ١˵ȷ
ÿĺ٣Է缸ǰԼǰ㣬ȥ棬αɽ󴨡
ʵ˵ģȥ棬ǭZȼνģΪԣֻҪԷڣôܸе֡
СZ
ţ
ǰ֣ܶٴΣǭZȼ̾һʱ
㿴Ǳߡ̫ɽˣϦԲԣ
šҲǡ
Ҳ
κ˶޷󼰡
ǭZȼǣԷķȥ
бҵꡣ
㣬ֽһ㡣
лҪ˵
֮ǰһĸմȥԳԳˡû֡
ѧҼҡûɡ
һѧУˡڿˡ
ڸ£
һ򿪺ֶ̨˺öۣллҡ
ôϲƪģҺܸм
һŬա
ۻûüظ꣬ȻϾͻظա
Сʹ˵ұӡ˵һգдĲվԲա
һǹɰɣϾСZܹһֱС
ɶգӦ
֮СZͻˣҲչˡ
Ҫ˸ãлûгӴ
⣬дһ㶼Ҫ衭ͲŰпΪŰ衭
𡭡˵Ļŭţ˵ĺ𡭡
СʹʲôƼ
ٲһ䣬κŰдĵʱ򶼻ġʱľǸɣоˣͻһֱѭܼ죬ҲܼܶпܣҲкܶŰдоԼѸ㰡QAAAAAAAAAQ
󡭡֮ǰûô˵
ʵãԼдıȽûʲôһⶼûУ˵ʲôʲôġľ͡
оԼдǱϱǩԼĪһ
ȽϵԶĸоҲȽϻҰɡܶԲңô߶ϻ
Ȼ£ллңл



15 
ڡ¿ˡҦͮԹÿոһյճ̡
ԵԷֻǵһЦȴҲ
Է㣬¿ˣȥԵʲôɡҦͮ뵽Լոʧˣ㲻˼ЦЦ
ȻûⰡŶȥʳãԵһ𣿡Էʵ
ð߰ɣҡҦͮҲһˬӣ˵žʰöߣԷ߻ҡ
ˡ
ԷѾ˳ĽѧѾˡҦͮѣҲͬͬѧ
˸ߵſڣ㿴ҵŴţһ𿴵һŮڽԼĶһһϽ˺óһʱĴϡ
ǸŮӵΧźüˣҲһֱһˣԱ߲ͣ߶߶С㣬ðɣү֪˵ĻǶ°ɣӶɣ
ŮӺûһ㣬ҲشǣֻǱ߶ŵЩüͷ󣬲Żعͷѹз˵ԼԼͿˡǻȥɡ
һεľܾ
Ǹ˵ЩʲôʱֻŮӴ˵һ䣬ˡ
ŮͷŸԼˣЦ˵ǿɡ˵ҿԵģԼУҪǡҰְ֪ǵĻһǵµġ
С㡭⡭

Ůת֮ÿԿվűĿһеԷҦͮûٹ߸ŵĸ׵ֻߵűվŵ˵ǰ
ǺáҸһϵģԺ󹫿ӦҲһϣոհҡԺָ̡ҽУ㡣ЦŽԼ
ޣáҦͮӦȿڣҦͮסĶ̡
ͷȻԷ㣬ҦͮԷû˵ܵסԱߣС
Է㡣㵹ԼгԷ֣ȻЦŶ˵ϵŴˡˣȻƯGоУҪ
šˡԷ㲢̫ϰĳƺ
ȻϵͷΣѾܾˡ
λáǡ
Щ΢ŭתͷ׼ڵҪ죬ȻĻҪÿ
úõһѧȴΪ˶±˾ǿȹϵģͨ˲һѾ˺üˣںòһңҪٶ죬ʣ޼ĴѧĻ
ô㣬ɾͶˡ
˼в;棬ֻĬĬı죬ͷȥ
ǡɣҪȥԷҦͮ˵ԷߵͰȥʳá
ʳ극Ժ
ԷտڴԷҦͮĴ˳򣬱Է˵Է㣬Է㣬ô
ʲôôԷ̧ͷҦͮС˵ӣ𣿡
԰԰㲻ãɳܴӶˣǡܼʲôģҦͮ䣬Էķ
Ϊӡ棬Ƕʲô飬Է㶼ֿú͸ˣķĿǰٷеġ
һϣҦͮ൱šԷġ
šҲáϾĸ֮ǰſЩΧߵӶˣҲΪļ˵ɡҿĴ̶ԼʰӣҲͦõԷ㵹ҲûΪ˵ʲôûֻʵʵ˵ԼĽѡ
⵹Ҳǡܾ񡭡رעӣҦͮ ע⵽˵ʱ㿴ԷĿ⣬Ϊɴţ˵֪ϵˣ˳ƺоŮӶⷽͦİɣʲôġ
ûбҪɡҲͦɰİԷ㲢̫Щһźÿ͵ģĸģҲûʲôģֻҡϵʲôġ̫佱ˡ
Է㲢ϲϵĳνǫֻǾֳƺ̫ǩˡ
ҵȻ֪Ҧͮʾףһߵ˵Щ˶֪ôϷ㣬Ůô㣬̫ˡͳƺΪϵҲûʹԸԸ⣬ǹˡ
˵ԺҦͮԼıЩ̫ǡ͵ҵ˼Ҳ˵㲻ƯûʸϵҾƯˣЦԡǣҲô㣬ֻҪҦͮ˵Щ״ԼԼ˵ˡ
ۡԷ̲סЦˡ
ҦͮΪԷ㿴˶׼֪ҺϲҦͮԸ񣬲Żѵġ
ҦͮȻԸЩֵģദرõˣǳϣȻżϲһЩһЩԣǱһⶼûеģûʲô˼
ԷϣҲġ
ҵȻ֪㲻˼ýô֪࣬
֪ͺãҾұĲ̫ˣǿɾͲˡԷô˵ҦͮҲһ
˺֮䰡µľûԷᣬʲô鰮飬Ӳ
㡭㣬㡭Ҧͮ淴֣ȻͻȻէһ㣬֣ˣ˵أ㣬ôôأԭǸ㰡
ţʲô֮ǰʶ𣿡Է㿴Ҧͮϱ仯ı飬ֱһϷ̿
ǵ֮ǰҵŮû¶ྵ¶𣿡ҦͮսЩС˵
ţǵðôˣԷҦͮ߳ԷҲԵ߰˰ˣ˿ӡ
֮ǰ˵˾Ǽ㡣ǰҲûֻ֣˵˺üˣÿҴʱ䶼˻϶ѧУĽѧѧʲôľԵˡϵһֱڴ˵У˵ŮܸУϹϵģƼͦͷġ쿴Ǹƣϵһֱڴĺпġ
Ҧͮ˵Ժ㿴Է˵ǰԺСĵ㣬ٸ򽻵ȽϺá
Էֻǵһͷûж˵ʲô
һϲ͵ԵʿҪ͸¶ĸϢҪرŴֻϣܰͨͨѧԴͺˡҲΪ˱ܶ಻Ҫ鷳
ڼ㡣
ԷڰûйȤֻֿ˾͹͵ˣԸ㣬νӲӴ
򽻵ҲOKġ
ôţڿڴֻԷ㿴һ۱עҦͮ˵ȥӸ绰ԡ֮ǰ㲻˵ȥѧУŹûΣҿһȥһҡ
ȻҲҦͮش𣬾ˡ
ҦͮҲһν֪ÿԷ㼱ȥӵĵ绰һǣǭZȼģԹԵĳţڳһѾϰˡӡƺ龰ѾΪÿճ
ιԷ绰ģԼ֪ᡣ
ι㣬ʲô绰ﴫǭZȼȴ
ոճ극СZأʲô
Ҳոճ극ðͽһǭZȼĵ˵
ۡǵģʲôø˵İֻǳԷʱͬѰҡ
Ҧͮ߳ű߿Զڴ绰ӡ
㣨ãٳӴ
ôеŮһأ
лҪ˵
ˡõģȺʳá
챻ŵ˴ȥˡȻһȥͱŻѧУû֣£
졭ԡǽˡ
ʵϰѸ˵ˣҽȥͨԽҲûˡߴңǼ첻ϸҷġ
⣬ǰ˵ˣһʱˡ
ָˡΪǰ챻˽˵ˣҸ֡ûס֮ǰǸ֣ѣ
ϣҲҪµ
Сʱ֮ҾҪϿ
Ҳ˯ɡ



16 
ȵԷ绰ԺҦͮҲԵ߰˰ˡ
ʳ˻
ΪԷĵ绰û꣬û¶Ĵ
ֱԷҦͮ߿Ҧͮע⵽ˣ֣ʾԼѾ극ˡ
ԷʾԼףȻ󣬻ǸǭZȼ˼仰Źҵ绰ߵҦͮǰ
ϹźڵЦݣĳͦá
Ҧͮϵûʲôı飬ҲûԷ㣬Ͼǰ龰ÿ춼ݣѾˡ
߰ɡԷԴԵƤĺܡ
ȥĶҦͮһ±ƣŸճ갡
ѧУŵҵְҲ˵ȥԷˡ
ҦͮҲ͸ȥ
Ϊѧһ㶼ƫԶĵطѧȥʲôط棬ȥѧУŵһҵ֡
ʲôУ
Ȼ˵ҦͮģԷ㵹ҲǹĲֺ
ϾЩҵָҹв࣬кܶС⣬ÿ춼вһʱͬʱһЩϲСؼҸǭZȼ
ǵϴεʱ򡭡
٣Է㣡ɰ
һϤȴҲİԷ˼
Էع߾۽ǰϣţɰǼ㡣
һѡƷҦͮҲһƿԣôɲɵģˣƫƫѧУš
Ҳǰ뾪ȣ˵˵ţû뵽Ҳ䰡Ҹոʰ꣬ģֵ֪ͦģ
Ҧͮһֱû˵ֻ͵͵شż㣬Ȼۼĵķ֣󣬸żˣȻǲˣȴʱעż㣬עż㡣
ǵɡŰɣжҪ򣬾Ҧͮ˵ţԷˣ߻߸ʹɫ
Է˼ϵı飬Ҳû˵ʲôԶˡ
һͷˮҲȥԷҦͮĺ棬˵ţһɡҲûʲôҪģһɡ
˰ɡܹϣҦͮĶͷһѾˡ
ǾһɡԷǴӦ
ֻԱߵҦֲͮ⣬Է㣬˼СѣûбҪôǿӲľܾ㣬ҲֻգϾԷѾӦԼܲ˵ܾĻ
ԱȼԵúǸ˵ı飬ҦͮǸֿ
֮ԷӦ󣬾ΪҲڼˣô˵ءżһ޺Ҫӣ˲ס
񡭡
͡񡭡
ǭZȼ
һͨ绰
ǭZȼ䷳ʲôʱؼҡ
ԷҲ䷳Ļشһпվͻػȥ
ǭZȼһԷ㣬ͺǭZȼһֱһ𣬴ûзֿ
ԴϴѧԺ󣬴󲿷ʱ䶼ѧУ˵εǺǭZȼֱʱһˡ
ͻȻģĪģǰǭZȼ
ֵɵӡ
ٿ㱾ˣԷͬ꣬ƫƫԵƫСܶ࣬׳ţп㣬ϲһ˫Ь崿ഺӡ
Էһ֡ڿõĸо
ǭZȼ󣬿Ҳɣ
ɾĸо
һۣںǣҲڲʱĿֱС̯ڷŵԷСĶԵҦͮ˵һ֣һҲడ԰ɣ
԰һҲٰҦͮһҪͼ㳶ϹϵӣԷΡ
ҸӰɣС
ԷǵˣҦͮҲǲˣȻˣҲûֻǵģҪͼ㡰֡Ǯ˳Ϲϵѡ
˺һԺҦͮҪĶԷҲһС㵹νʲôûһĲˣһҡ
ҦͮȻԴ΢ʣǼһң߻ȥ·ͬһô찡
ȻĸסһŮײβģҦͮԷ㶼ѾϰסˣֻǴӽ쿪ʼҲΪҵһԱ
һصңҦֱͮԡҡ
ԷȻԼ顣
еģһ˹ĵ
żĬһӣԷЩںģߵ˵졭
ʲôתԷ㡣
ϵʱм˸㣬֪𣿿ӡǼˡƺǼİɡ
Է˵껰ûоȣҲûзŭһƽĬȻ·֪һһ
֪
֪
š
ԷҲֻһʼЩȶѣӵʱ䣬ϵı飬Ѿָƽ
ϾǱ˵飬ûбҪۡ
㲻Ϊʲôһ㡭˶ЩʲôİɣЩ֡
ûʲôҪɡܱ˵顣ҲûʲôرҪ֪ģǿ
ĸϵ洫һһǵһʱ⡣ر𡣡Ц
ʵ֪֮飬ΪΪǣ˵ЩҵˣǼģҲûа취˵ܾĻ˵ķǳƽҴСʱʼѧУ棬ͺܲͬѧӭױܵ۸Сʱ̫ЩԸĸ֪Ժڱҡˡ
Ժ󣬽ģҲǺںЩˣΪÿÿ˵ҲΪǶҾáҾġҲͦõġֻǸĸǲġ˵ûʲô̫൱ƽ
Էһֱţ¡飬һ˲٣Żƽ޲ӡ
¶ļ㣬ԷĿ࿴
о˵ǸС㣬Ҳûôԡ˵쵥ʵģҲгصĵطء
ҡ
ΪǸĸΪԼ̫ϲҲûоܾ
Բ𰡣ԹԵ˵Щˡ㲻˼ЦЦЩεͷ
ûСԷһҡҡͷûоᡣллԸҡ
ͷҲЦл¡
Է˵û¡
ԶһӰ
һ죬˵ദĻ졣
١ҦͮƺûٶԼ΢ˣҲԶֻǻĺദ׽ҲԶ롣
ģҲûоãеദ
ÿı޿ΣȫרҵΣҪϿҲǼһҲ˵ԷҦͮм㣬ͬһңһϿΡ
ԷȻǺҦͮһ𣬱Ͼѻͬͬѧ
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17 
СͮСͮԷҵ绰Ժ󣬻ص棬ľҦֱͮһط۾գҲ֪̫רעʵڷ
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ԷΪ˯ϴ˯£Ҳ˵ȻǡûУ£ģ
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ͬʱΪԷһһ̵ԼֽƣҲŲš
׼ȷ˵ǡ
ǭZȼı󣬲ܵԷţ⣭ϮҪţ⣭Ħ
Ħ
ĦȰ
찡ǭZȼѾյĲܸˣ
ѹ⡭
ôʹ顭ôƫƫQAQ
ʹĪڡܿܳԡ
һƵԷ㣬ûһֻתͷǭZȼЦ˵㿴ۺ
䣬һССתͷĶ
ȴСĽԼĴǭZȼĴ
ԷҲһ
û뵽ԼԭոպǭZȼôû뵽ΪתͷĶ׵
ղ˼ơ
ôͻȻġǡǭZȼҲܾȣѾYu𣭷˺
ڣԷ㻹С׵桭úߡ
šǭZȼ̧СԷ㺦ߵ˵С㡭
ۣҲġԷĵ޴룬ʶǭZȼͷԼۡ
仰ԺԷվֱ䡣
ǭZȼԶȥıӰþûлع
ոա
Է߽Ժ󣬱ŷˡ
žӳճģԼģȻԷ֣Լ֪յ¶ȣԼĳ죬˵ˡ©һġ
ͬһԷֵ֣ʳָԼ촽Ҳ֪Щʲô
ֻ֪Լƺ棬˺ܳܳʱ䣬õԼ֪˶ãԼģԴһţƽ
ȵԷ߳䣬صǭZȼߵʱǭZȼ涯ֽģ
ǭZȼҲӦһģ̧ͷֱֱôԷ㡣
ôˣ
ˡ
еһֽ
Էͷ˵ôأҪЩʲôֻ֪ǭZȼ˼Ĵݣȴ֪˳ԶǭZȼ˵ľͺá
ʣµģͺǭZȼϢһǲۣԷƺЩ鲻ѵӣиܵô
죿СZԷ뵽ʲôſ˵졭ҾͻѧУ
졭ǭZȼ׹Ҫȥ𡭡Ҳ֪˭
Է㱾㿪˵ǰͻˡ
ȴû˵ڡ
ǭZȼʧڶ
ö̰Сһʱ䡭ö̰ǭZȼĿ͸¶ʧ䣬ÿڡ졭Ҫֿˡ
ǭZȼеƲ֣įӣԷߵߣһλãţҲĸЩ
СZ᲻ôǭZȼµĲȻָ˸ķߡ
š᲻áǭZȼʵش
᲻áһֱ᲻á
ǻûзֿȴãԼѾ̲סʼˡ
ǭZȼ̧ͷԷӣԷãԼǰˣһֻˡįСèԼǰ¶ʧͲģϣõԼĸοһ㡣
Է̲סǣֻϵıȴޱȣضǭZȼ˵¸ڣһؼҵ֮ǲǾֿԼôţԲԣ
ǭZȼֻͣʲôû˵
ôԷ㣬һӵļįǴ˵ļįһΪϲ˵ļį

ÿԷ뿪֪Է㻹ǻҲ̲סẦһزô죬һͻȻһѻŮѣʱָô죬ָӦԲźã
ԣһ̶Ҫֿ
ҪЩӿĻͨͨԷ㣬ȴû˵ڡ
еᣬݣԷšԶװɡ
ţǭZȼֹӣԷЩʡ
ûʲôֻҡҡͷȻ˵ţûϵѣҿԵġΪСZС˰ֻǣǭZȼϵı飬ȴ
һҪ޳Ҫ
ǭZȼԼ֪ϵı飬һһѿ

Է㿴ǭZȼͣǿװġûϵ
ΪʲôҪŪһֲǲˡ
ףǭZȼ᲻飬ֲףΪʲôÿԼ뿪ʱǭZȼǻڲ¶һַʧȥһ
СӵĴУԷǶģǭZȼĸӣȴôҲ
ģôԼ뿪
Է֣ǭZȼ壬§§ԼĻ棬Ǻı
ǡСZ㡭Ŀԣ˵һĻ㣬첻ȥѧУҽ档ôԷеĿγ̣ǭZȼĳ̶ȵĻӡӦû⡣
ʵⶼԷ㱣عˡ
ǭZȼڵˮ׼㲻ȥѧУҲûйϵ
Է˵ģõһǼֱڸǭZȼˮ
ڵÿβԣǭZȼĴβõĵһ
ãС˵ģ׼ڣһοԣһõһġһᡣ
Է΢΢ͷǭZȼ̧ͷԼЦӣ·һɰˡ
ʲôոա顭
ԣȻԼ˰ɣ
ǭZȼڵӻѾһС
Է밡Ȼǲ̫ϺǭZȼĽǡܹǭZȼһЦݣҼŬѧϰĻҲɣ
ãҾڴСZ˵һԺӴԷʱҲǭZȼȾĿˣҲЦֹ˹ǭZȼıӡ
Է밡ǭZȼҲһԼҵ³Ա
ҦͮĻǭZȼȷʶˣǼô
ҲûпǹδȥĿܣǸ磬Ҧͮ񡭡˲Էͷ
ԼǲôἾ㣬ҦͮôҲἾˣôһֱҴҵĿԾͺܴˡ
о㣬ӦûǭZȼܺϵİɣ
Ը񡭡Ƶĸо
٣Էôõ
СZ
ţ
˵һĻôȥҽʱ򣬽ҵ³ԱӴȴкˡ
˭ҦͮǶʶôѵְһͬѧô
ǰʱ򣬺ԷϵϺõͬѧѣǭZȼ϶ģжŵӣȴ档
ΪԷϴѧʱСѧԼԴһʱԷҲٽҵȥʵϰˣϲѧУˣȻҲټЩˡ
ܹлʶҦͮǭZȼҲͦ˵ģϾҦͮ˺ܺãϣԷܺáȻǸԼԾˣǭZȼ滹Ǻ׵ģҦͮҲǰòô׽ġ
ǭZȼŴ۾Էǰ˵˵Ǹ³Ա顣ȴȫû뵽һ룬Է³Ǹ֣һħһԼãͫ׷Ŵ
㡣
㡣
Ǽ㡣
лҪ˵
ϣЩ
˵֣ٸģ
뻹ȸ°ɣϾȵڣ᲻ȵȸ°
һǺܰȵģţ
Ҽȥ¼


21 
Դ죬׶ԷҪܸԼԺǭZȼġ
ԭΪ⼸û˵ϢΪˡȴû뵽ڳˣˣΪԷѡ
Ȼֹ̫Щô
죬һ֣˶Ӳ
㡣
㡣
˵Σգ껷ԶԶĶ࣬οԷ˼ǣڲԷһңԷӡͦõӡ
ǰʱ򣬲ͬУͬϵͬѧѡ
һȴҡһ䣬˺Է㳯Ϧദѡ
Ϧദ
Ϧദ
ĳַ㣬ǭZȼӵĽӽԷ㡣
뵽ǭZȼ;÷֪꣬Ѿֿʼڣŵľûз¹
Բ߶ûá
ڣѾչˣǭZȼȫûϵȫ֪ĵز
Ȼһ飬󲿷ֶǰͬǭZȼҲܹͰ࣬ЩСϸǰͬҲܹӦԡ
ǣƫƫ껷ͼ㣬˳ֵʱߣǰʱȫһ¶û£˵Բˡ
ǭZȼ˼һֱûܼǿд˿⣬ϾܹҲҪŹκΣܹԷһദʱ䡣
˿̣ſԻûʱ䣬һֱô졣
Ĳݸֽϣдļ̣ȫǼ֡
ʱԺ󣬵֪ڶͻ֪ɼԺıøӽ
Ϊֻһʱˡ
εĵһҲ˵ںҪˡ
ǵڣȴһ취ûС
ܹԷദϲ飬ȫڴ˿̣ҪĽû
ѧ˾ؼңҲһ·ĬһĮȫƽߴߴ
˯ǰ˯ԷķҲ֪ǴʲôʱҲ벻ζˣûԷ㱾ڣٴϢĵطҲǺõġ
ǭZȼڴϣÿĹ绰Է㣬ֻأһûС
СZʲô𣿡ԷǭZȼƽΪܻúܿĵԼһ췢ʲô֮ģ죬̫ˡ
ûۡǭZȼ룬ôôѾڱֵĺƽһ˰ǡ֪ɼԣŰɡǭZȼһԿƺɡ
𡣡Է˶٣ͣ˺ü룬绰ֻܹһ˵Ӳ̫ôβǵһҲûϵ㻹ǿҽġ
һʼԷĿľֻһֻϣǭZȼܹİˡܲõһ޹أǸԼֻΪ˼ǭZȼѣһԷ㻹ǻӦ
ĿݣֻǭZȼ
šҾǡǡǭZȼЩ֧֧ģʵ˵Щη壬⻰˵ԺԷ׷ԭĻûа취úõĽͳ
롭˰ɡ
ȵܹԷϲԷ㡱Ժ˵¡
Ļ˵ģҲֻЦ
ǣʲô
Ҿǡ̫СˡģԷ㣬ÿ϶룬˯ǰҲ룬ߵʱ򣬸롣
𡭡Է⻰һ㶣Ȼһů
ûϵǭZȼô̹ףǲò˵ΪǭZȼ䡰̫㡱á
ҲСZԷ˵ţǰֵģƺǭZȼŵ绰һЦݵӡ
ǸӡһǴķ桭
죬ͿԼ죬ͿԼ㡣
ţ
ǭZȼҲΪԷ˵
ڡ㡣
ǼѰ
㡭
ˡ
ʲô㡣
ǲֵġ
Է㣬ǭZȼǾֵġ
˵ڶʱǭZȼȥѧУ
ģǵһ
ĳƣˡ
һȻȻ֪׸ЩʲôźãҪЩʲôҲֻܼԺٴӳɣ
ǲԵʣ˶֪ǭZȼģҲÿοԣ۴СһλãԶǭZȼֲˣֻҶԶ֮
ǭZȼĳɼ̫֮⣬ҲΪǣȫɢһֺĮʼԿ˾ͬĺӲ̫һڰûʲôѡ
ԴˣεʦҲĹⷽ⣬ҲΪÿοһˣǭZȼֻҪпգҲѧϰ˼ôԼӦʲôķٵĳɳԷߣֻ
ǭZȼȷĺʦֻϰԵһˣû˵ҪѣϾ˵̫ڡƧһЩΪ˱֪ѧУ飬Ļش൱Ŀ©
ǭZȼΪʽͬѧ֮䶼Ǳòѧϰģûʲô⣬ʦҲͷˡ
죬ÿһˣǭZȼõһ¶ȫȻıҲϰΪΪֹϲãÿһˣǭZȼ¶ϲáİġ
Զǣʵòʵľ룬ö֮ҲûԸӽˡ
ǭZȼʵνģ߸׼ȷ˵ǣ󣬷ĵ棬еİ
ûʱ佻ѣûоȥӪһ֮ĸ顣
ڣûС
οǺһЩഺڵĺӵѡӣǱСӡֻǣͬˣв̶ͬȵĿЩ̫࣬Ӧ˷ʱ䡣
ԼҲǣӦá
һθܹάֵĶãȴغʣµأϡ
ͬʱҲҪʱģҪܶʱ䣬ȥĵľӪ
ǭZȼϣ
ΪڵһģԷϣԷȫ
ʱ䣬ԷģҲΪܹԷʱȫġ
Ȼڵ
ôأϲԷ㣬Ҫ׷ôҪĸһЩġ
עһĸ
ǣעеĸԷȻᰮ
һֱ뾡취Է׽ĵĿ־壬ֻԼ֪
Щ־壬һš趨ʱ䣬ǭZȼȴ֪ըʲôʱᱬըը綼Ŀȫǡ
ǭZȼһֱΪֿ־壬һֱԷ׵죬Ż
ֱ֡
һʼ֪Ѿ֣ҸӿԷʱ򣬵ȷǼǭZȼĵĿ־塣
ء
һ·
˿̣վԷſڵʱĪģ
ǭZȼ֪һŵһ棬мڣֻҪƿţͻῴ㣬ĥ̫õ̡
ǣҲ֪ԷҲڣֻҪƿţͻῴԷЦӡ
ֻҪЦݣֻҪΪЦݣͻ
ǭZȼΪԷ㣬¸ҡ
ڣǿըѾûˣΪһ̣ѾըˣĿ־壬Ҳűը̣һɢ
ʣµġ
ֻС

лҪ˵
¡
񡭡ǰ˵һ¿ܲһ
⿴Сʹ˵кö桭
ĩ׽ģѳȫ׽գҼලQAQ
Ȼ˵һǰ»ΪƶڣȻ̵һЩ
СZϷ٣ա
һ»϶СZĶףԼСZڳеĴ
СZҪͼ
Ȼôչء
Ⱦڴ
һĿΣҪ˯


22 

Ȼ˵˰
ǭZȼǾýš
оԼȫ¶ڷ, ̧ǰһ, Ҫܶһ
ǭZȼ̧, ǰ, һ
£ֱոմŵʱ, ȴԶˡ
ǭZȼſվŵһ˲, һӰײԼĻ档
ͬʱ, ˵, ǰǰȥҵСðɡ
Ȼ, ǡˡһ, һ壬ײԼǭZȼʶſ˫, ͦģվˤ, ֻһȶ
ϸһ, ŷ, ԼˣԷ㡣
Բû¡ɡԷײˣһԼҲЩͷ, ֮󣬱̵Ņ̀ͷһǰˡ־ϲ
С㡣ǭZȼЦݣ·۾ЦһԷ㣬ˣֻʣˡ
ֲЩģԼûײǸײ˲Ŷԣû°ɣûײʹʹ
ǭZȼԷϵֻƿȻһַֻסԷ㣬һֻǷסգżѯˣûشԹԵļûʹ
СZСZԷŷԭǭZȼ
پһְĵĸоϯȫǭZȼﴫݳĵĺͽţֻúЦõĵŶ԰ɣ
û¡㣬ûײʹ㣿вĵطһҪ˵ң֪𣿡ԷץסǭZȼ֣ͬʱҲڿ۾ǭZȼȴǿװû¡
ǭZȼЦЦ˵ҵȻҲû°
Էһ
ȥǭZȼյϢ֪쵽ʱ򣬱ˣƫƫҦͮʶģȵԼʱ͹ԺżææŴȥǭZȼҲûעԼǰиˣððʧʧײˡ
ôһ̣ԷãиеҵģײǭZȼҡԼûˤǱǱס
ȿȿȡȿȡҦͮǿȥ˺Ϸ룬ô͡ԽԽɶء
˵ˣſҲǸõط
ǭZȼֻҦͮװ⣬ʵĿŵԷѵõ´棬οһ⣬ֱȫĻᰡܹڼǰȸʲôġ
˵ԼԷܺãϵܺãںԷ㣬ԷҲܹذԼ
û¾ͺáһĲҲһҪ˵Է㻹ǲ̫ģǵǭZȼ̫ǿԼ
֪С㣬Ҫңû£ҺܺáǭZȼԷοЦЦȻġ
Է㿴Ҳ˵ģ˵Ǻðɡ˵ʲôʱ򵽵ģôҲ˵ȥ㣿ţǭZȼ߽
ֲСӣﻹҪҰԼͿ˰ǭZȼҲ֪ΪʲôԷԼãһֱһֿӵĿԼǭZȼϲԷ㿴Լʱרעȴֿ˵м䴫ģԼΪãΪֹġ
ϲȴֲϲ
еʱǷǳìܡ
ǭZȼףԼҪԷԼעйעЩעԴʲôĸ飬˵һ㣬ǾԼԷĵλзģֻҪܹƾķһһĿԷ㡣
ֲϣֻķΪЩܻʱ̵ԷǭZȼĽ㡣
Ҳ˺£ȥĿ⣬Ĺעĵǣϲ
ôĸ棬ףûһ˿޹ڽ֮ģ
㰡ôĶɡ˵ô˵ʵԷǭZȼ˵ĵȷʵ
ȷѾһˡ
ǭZȼѾܸˣͬĺҲ˵ͬĴͬѧȣҲߵģҲѾسˣóǭZȼԺ󳤴ӡһܺÿ
Է㲻ԼЩ뷨ƫǭZȼģʵǭZȼھѾܺÿˣ˺ܰףĵó⣬һָɾĸоԷôõģҲͦϲģǭZȼ
ԽǳԽһ֣ǭZȼӳĸоøӿɿˡ
ֻǡ
Է桭ʱȴϣʱ̫졣
Ϊеʱ򣬿ɿʣһҲ˵ǭZȼҪ˭ˡ
ǭZȼѾˡ
飬֪ˡ¡Ҳܹˣֻ桭ȴһֱҪϰɡ
Խǲ룬ԽϣȻһӵĻͺˡ
ҲΪŻᣬ˵ǭZȼǸӵİɡ
Է񶨣ȴġ
ԷǭZȼ֣վԼԡˣ˵һ¡
ҵãǭZȼ˵仰ԺԷϣԼĽ14꣬ٽҵ
ǭZȼԼøһ㣬ȥƽʱԷԵƤŲҪڼǰأôҲԼߴһС

ôģ˵Ҳ̫뻯һ㣬ǭZȼԼûע⵽ɣվԷԵαװθ䣬ҪװĮ
ȻƲסģ¶
ԷߵǭZȼԶ̲ס¶ᣬ޷סġϲ
ԷһֱǭZȼһӲվǭZȼߣͬޱȵģԼ
ᣬֻԱ˴ˡ
λأҪܵģҵѣ㡣Է˵ţ㿪ʼǭZȼܼˡ
áǼ㣬Է˵㣬ǭZȼû뵽ǭZȼСС;ôˣЩȵģѡ
ǭZȼż֣мӣյ˼˵ĻԺҲڳЦ˵áҧгݵȥͼ֡
ѾʶԷǭZȼļ磬ĪһЦȻҦͮͼ˵˵һ£֮ǰҲ˵˰ɣȼȼ⼸ң̫ǣƽľͺ
˭Сƨ˾£ǵңǾǵĵ̰ȻǸôôǣ̫ˡҦ֪ͮԷ˼Լͼǣ㿪ڰæ⻺ա
㵹νܾԼڱһɳӵĿ⡭һֱţ̲ס
ǡҾȴСдˣԷڱǰһǺǭZȼȼȼģոյ̫ãѿڶˣȴȼȼĴתת
˵ԺԷǭZȼߵˡ
Ӷ𣬶˵ĻҾȴȥԵ㶫ԷǭZȼ֣ѯ
СͺǭZȼҡҡͷ
ǡȴѧУɣȻȥŵҵ֣˵Ļʱǻһ٣ٴȥطԺõġ𣿡
ţ
ǭZȼνԷȥģȥģԷʲôͳʲôЩûʲôֻ
ǡ
ʲô
ǡСͮͼ㣬ҲҪһ𡭡ǭZȼĵǣ˵Ķ磬ǼһС
ȻԷǭZȼ֣Ц˵ǡҲһ
ǭZȼʹҡͷҪ˦ɲ˹ˣǿҵıʾԼĲ룬ҺСһ𡭡ͺˡ
ǲ͵ԷǭZȼ֪ǭZȼ̫ϲͱһȶѾźˡ


񡭡ĸо
ֻһ
лҪ˵
ϣ
Ҫ£
ǣǿĲֻҵģҵ
ҵдһ֣ѣ

˵һһ¡
СںСZĸܡ
ϡ
Ϊʲôôء
Ϊֻ᲻ԴţССZǶã


23 
ԷǭZȼѧУﵽת
¥, ѧ¥, ٵٳ, ʵҲ֪ӦôǭZȼתЩʲôĵط, ֻһ·ϣȥ, ǭZȼһͦˣźĵ, ԷҲûж˵Щʲô
ʵ, ǭZȼ˵, ȥﶼԵģΪԷǣ, ˡǣֵָо, ð
һ߹ܶطܶܶطҲо, ΪԷǱ˴˵, ûǵĸо, ǭZȼ, ǳϲ
ѧУԺԷǭZȼȥѧУŵҵ֣һ·ǭZȼ²ģǭZȼô˵ӣԷҲܿġ
ƺóʱ, ûôǭZȼЦôء
Ҫ˵ĻǭZȼʵô֣֣žվţžŵˣԷڵĻܹѧУ漣˰ɡ
СZ𣿡ԷǭZȼ֣ˡ
ϵʱҵֵǱȽ϶ģºǭZȼɢˣȻǣ֡
ֻǣǭZȼǰ棬ҪȥԷ͸ȥ
ǭZȼ˿ʱ䣬˵ˣȻڻǲöԷ㡭ǭZȼԷ̫ԼĸܣԼĸоСأô
ðʵԷͿʼãӡˣֻǭZȼѵôĺõ£Ĵ
ǭZȼͷǣҶˡߣȥԷɡԷԥ˾
š
ǭZȼǣԷ֣ԽȺһҿֽϰĵ꣬ȵ˵ЦĳԺһ¡
ҵڳǭZȼ뵽Щʲôһ
ѽǸСͿԷЦȥסոձǭZȼȵʱ˦֣Ҹ˾ϢˣȲҪȥ߻ȥʱȥɡ
˵ˣûдҲûϵ·㴩ҵľͺճƷٴȥ򡣡Է㿴һһէǭZȼԾֽǭZȼǣĲˡ
ôû뵽ءǭZȼŽߵԷ㣬רעԼӣЩˡ
СZСZСZԷ̧ͷǭZȼʱ򣬲ŷڷ͹֡
ţ
ôˣ
ûǡС㡭̫ÿ˰ǭZȼٺٺ١ɵЦ˵Ծ͡ˡ
Էһ죬޴˵ʲô̫ÿˡ컬ģôȤİôûûСɲС
˵ľʵСܺÿÿģҳϲǭZȼԷ㣬佱ô˭ϲأرŮӣ˿佱ܺÿĻһĻŭŵġ
ȻǭZȼԷһӹŮȫһ˵ҲŮ˿佱ܺÿĻܹǻеĵİɣ
С㡭ǭZȼͻȻԷסա
ڱץסԭǭZȼ˵ʼı䣬Ū͵ӡ
С˵һѧİߺߣǭZȼʲôʱ򣬱ôǻˣ
ûа桭ģûСǭZȼԼ˫֣ץסԼҵģԷ˫֣ȻסûҲŲԷֵ
ڣûԷ˫֣˶Լգһ֮󣬲˵ôõİûи˭ѧֻôѡҾãСģÿ
ǭZȼԷ˫ģ棬ÿȵһҪÿ
ôעӵԷ㣬ֻԼţһţΪǭZȼ̫һЩҲĻ棬ע⵽˲һ飬ȵһǡһ˭
һǭZȼȫû뵽ԷĹעطǸʲôһȫһ˵Ϲİ
ţ˭ԷͻȻЩȤǭZȼ棬һÿˣ˭أ
ǡһǡǭZȼ֧֧죬ѡ̹ףǡûа
ûУҲŲءԷһҲšģ۾ֱֱĶǭZȼһҪ˵һ֣˵˭
ۿţԷҪץס֣ҪԼ֮ƣǭZȼ͡һ£ǡ裡
棬ÿĵһ裡Է϶û˵˰ɡ

û뵽ǭZȼ˵һÿǷ䣬⵹ǳԷ֮⣬ǭZȼһƵóѵӣԷ棬ôһơ˵ĸоأ
ðɣ㣬СԷǭZȼıӣ߰ɣһ߻ȥվǭZȼ֡
ǭZȼҲȥǣסԷ㣬ֻЦ
ûиԷ㡣
ȵһҪÿ壬ʲô
νģȵһҪÿ˼˵۽жٺÿˣ۽ÿһλԷÿġ飬Զı䡣
ΪԶȵһҪÿ
ЦʲôأԷע⵽ǭZȼĪЦݡ
šûʲô
ʲô˵ǭZȼƫ˵ԷҪȥ

ԷһεģǭZȼ˸


˶ûϵᷢ
ԷֵҲЩˣ̫
һ㶼
һϲϲǺҦͮͬѧһҲôû
ǭZȼǵһˣš
ԷǭZȼĻ뿪վֱǭZȼ֣ȻĬǰţżͷǭZȼÿһΣõѯʽĿ⡣
š
ҲΨһһ
СZ
ţ
ǭZȼһֱעԷ㡣
ʲôʱ򣬶
ǰҲãҲա
һֱԷ㣬һֱע
ڣҲˡ
á㣬ô

Ϊ֣ǭZȼͻȻסˣоĽŲҲȻͣ
㡣
ãô

Է㡭ãôô
ô
Է㱾ߵĺúõģȴͻȻͣͷǭZȼ֪ԵţСZ
ţ˵㰡ǭZȼԷ㷢֣һ¶ЦݣŲץסԷ֣߱˵㡭ôʲôģҲ֪
Է㲻̫ףǭZȼΪʲôͻȻһһȫȫͬϢ
һܲ˵ӣΪʲôҪЦ
ΪʲôҪǿԼ
ǣΪʲôҪαװӣ
СءǭZȼȻЦţԷ㣬˵Сã㡭ôأ
ѿˡ
װЦʲôģǡѿˡ
лҪ˵
ʵ֪ͦҶСĿġ
ΪҵСһ趨һλģ
ǲ֪ô룬
ޣҲ֪ԼܹܲȫıС趨
ϣҿԸҡ
ɫ棬߾鷽棬ʲôĻϣҿԾ˵
ң
ܶһûüظÿһпԴҵ뷨ġ
ţɶ뷨ɶģһҪӴ
ôôա


24 

ţ
ԷĳĬ, һֱԼĿԵ, ǭZȼܾû¶ڡ
㡣Էվ̧ͷ, Ὺ, ҾãͦΪ, ϵ洫ǸС㣬, ʵʲô֪, ʵһԸܺõŮӡ
ǭZȼȻһЦ, ֻѾ֪Ц, ǿװ, ǽӲάϵģ
ǡǼ㣬һܺõŮӰԷ۾, 棬ʲôûܿ
ǭZȼ
, ڣ
Էĺ, ȫ, ȴŵǭZȼʶӦ
עԷ㣬۾һգգģ֮ǰķſաʲô, ȫһɨգԷģŵĲ֪Ŀźá
ǭZȼë
֪ԷܳҲⲻԷʱ
ǰʱԷһͻẰȫͻʶӦȻ޴룬֪Ǻá
㵽ںʲôԷĽһһ۾ܿǭZȼĵĻ̻̲
ӸոǭZȼԾʼԷһֱڹ۲ı飬һһ
һֱʵģȴһֱûʡ
ܾԼ̫࣬ˣǭZȼСôĶƸء
ԷԼԼҪ̫ӣƫƫǭZȼʱʱɣ׼һߡ
ǭZȼͷȥԷ۾ȫСΧĶţսȭͷһԲ
ǭZȼһֱĳĬԷüͷĸ
ǰǭZȼǰԽһ֮ңȻץסǭZȼŵȭͷ̧֣һֱյȭͷһλû֪ǭZȼ̯

ǭZȼֻǳĬóĬһлش
ȭͷ̯

Է֮еĳĬ
ٲ̯ƵĻҾˡ
Ҫ
⻰һԺǭZȼϾзӦˣϵҲļ٣Էô˻ᣬơ
ȻһǭZȼȭָ̫ǶѪӡ
ǭZȼȻͷ
Է㿴ǭZȼһԲģҲʲô˵
ֻǣסǭZȼ֣ߣͬʱһֻóֻһ绰
ǭZȼĲǺֻǶ϶Էڵ绰˵ʲô˰ʲô͵һƺǾƵʲôģĵط֮ģ˵˳ʲôƷ
ûãԷǭZȼ˴ãȻͣǭZȼҲͣ۽ǵ⣬͵͵һۣһʲôõӣȽǡǡƵĴá
Ƶꡭ
ǰɡ
Ƶﰡ
ôҲԷ鰡
ϾԷԴҪʲôġһ첻ʲôģȫˡ
䱩ʲôģԷоˣǿǽ̿鼶ġ
ǭZȼµģҲԷ䱩ԷáȻ֪Է㲻ô
ԷȻһԲֻһֱûɿǭZȼ֡
ƺڰʲô˵Щʲô֮ģŪԺһǿͷԱǰ棬ԷǣǭZȼ֣ں档
ֱһſں󣬿ͷԱߵˣԷˢ˷ǭZȼ߽ȥˡ
ҵ찡


ǡ
ѵǡ
˵еġ𣡣
ǿ𣡣
ޡ
ǭZȼ漷ԼʱˣˣԼôԻô˼벻࣬ô۵ĲС

ʲô
Է
ȡ
ǭZȼ֪Է㲻ˣҲ֪Լ϶ǡ֡ˡ
Է㽫ǭZȼԺ󣬱ԹԵ·
Բۣ
ǭZȼû̧ۿԷ㣬Ҳ֪·Ϊֻ˰һĿ£·ֱ̫˺
˵ˣѵ·ڵˣͷҲܿ
ǰɡ
ѵĿ㡭
ԷҲǭZȼȻǭZȼһԲҲʲô˵ˡֱĳԡȥ
ǭZȼȷĽԡңԺźһ
ȷԷǷţʵ̫Ҫˡ
һ֪ԷǲǵһųԼҲʱܺùЩ
ڶһԷûԡҵţǭZȼرԼһԴ󷢣ûסּȥ͵͵͵͵Էϴ裬¶ҪԷ㿴ˣԼһȣԡ군
ԡˮǭZȼˣԷǿʼϴˡ
̧ͷˣĴ˿
ûʲô𣬾ǾƵķѡ
ǭZȼվˣˣúúһô죬ӦԷ֮⣬ãһһԷĳ̫ޣҪôסԼ˫޴ŵ۾
⣬ʵ̫̫̫̫̫Ҫ
˴ʮʮӵӰɣԡҵˮͣˣǭZȼʹվԭվˣԷҪͻȻɲ֪ô찡
Ǻúվţͷά֮ǰưɡ
ûһžડһԷԡųˡ
ѩɫԡֵۣĺܽЩɿӣͷʪģǭZȼܿڵذϵˮΣԷƺëڲͷӡ
ˡ
߹ˡ
ԷߵԽԽǭZȼҲԽԽ٣һ˲ᵽɤ۶
ҪǷǰĶô˰ͰѴԡ۵Ů˸Ƶˡ
ϧڲǰԡ۵ŮҲǱˣԷ㣬ǭZȼȻ˲ûˣǵģˡ
ǭZȼҧסʱԷͣ˽Ų˴ϣͷȻ˵ȥϴɡ
ǭZȼΪԼˣһ̧̣ͷԷ㣬ûӣһĵͷˡ
̫̫̫̫̫ˣ
⻭棡
ǣ
Էһ˳ԡӣԡҲ£һЩͷҲɣԡ滹ʲôȾôѩѩ׵¶ţֱǷ
ﰡ
վסôԷǭZȼû˵һ䡣
ǭZȼԣ㶯̵ȥԡҡ
ϴڼ䣬ҲûʲôмһΣ˺ǿŵǭZȼΪԷˣٵϴϴͷԡ۳ԡң㿴Է㻹ڷ
ǭZȼվԡſڣһҲ
Էԡҵķ򿴹ȥǭZȼվһ
С̾˿˵
ǭZȼ̵߹ȥ֪ոյĿΪʲôˡһԿԼ䣬֮ǰԷ˰ԼɣոյĿҲΪ䡣
С㡭ҡǭZȼµĿˡ
Էȴ˿ûᣬֻ˵
ǭZȼ˹ȥ˵
ܽߣ·ֻҪԷһ֣ܹӵ뻳С
ԷûǭZȼôֻǹڴϣһëǭZȼʪͷ
۾ˮλŪǭZȼ۾ȥ
ǭZȼı۾
ԷԼͷʱᣬдʱʱܰ㡣
һֱôȥöð
ܺһֱһǣһֱ
öء
лҪ˵
ϣ
ȲСҪʲôأСZҪ˵ʲôأ
ˣԣҲΪҵϲҪлҡ
һӴ
ллһֱڿƪģҺܸм
ǣţŨq?


25 
, ؿ¡
ǭZȼֻܹĵ, Էëͷ
ͷ, ԷҪ, ر۾ȴûסʱʱ, һ͵Է㡣
ϾԷոջһӰ, ڿ, ƺǱһƽ͵ӡ
ⲻòǭZȼĵİ
Ϊָо, ȫǣٵǰడ

ȻԷ, һֱһԡŪǭZȼҲٿڡ
һ, Է֣ͣЩʪëŵһ, ְǭZȼͷ󣬲ŶǭZȼ˵, 
ǭZȼ, , ֻǻ̫̯Ϊе˺ۣոϴʱЩʹڹƻûôأҪԷ㿴, ҲҪˣֻոյ顣
ԷҲٶԣֻȥҩһɴ֪ǭZȼĵ˿ж೤סԲҪͷԱҩɴԴһǭZȼŰĽ
ҪԷ֣İǿǭZȼûſ֣¶˿
ҩǰǭZȼʹǰǩմҩԺͿǭZȼ˿ϣûʹŷ
ǭZȼôأԷԼҩӣ档ʵҪ˵Ļҩ˲䣬ЩʹģʹʹĸоеģֻǭZȼסټϡҲ¶ʹı飬ʹ
ȻܹԷҲʧΪһð취᲻ˣΪԼѾˣôŮˣΪʹ¶ǵıء
ҪԷһֱΪԼĵģ
ҲСʱѡַɣװԼˣеʹӣԴ˽ÿԷϣ¶ΪԼʹŵģǭZȼȷԼں
ڡ
ǲǡӦñء
ҪɳΪһԷ˰ԣӦþҪΪԼˣֻҪЦͺ˰ɣ
ڣԷ棬ΪٵԼճλãԼͰͺˣ
뵽ǭZȼ̲ס
ҲӦãԷԼĸ˰ɣ
ǰ˵Ϊʱԣ˵ϲʱ̫һЩеʱ䣬ǭZȼ밡ԼٳһЩԼԷĵλһЩͿĸԼϲˡ
ǣǸʱ뷨ƺѾ̫ȡˡ
Ϊˡ
Ϊˣ㶼ûг֣ҲǴѧġ
ȴû뵽꣬㲻Էǿĸ
Է㳯ϦദԭרڣȨѾһ˶ˡ
Ҳǡ
ң֮Է֮ǰ˵ͼӦҲʶģǭZȼȴԷĻУԼԼӡ൱
ǭZȼҪЩϣ밡
ǲϵġ

Ȼء
ʵȴǣ׶ԷԼ˵Լӡʱÿһ仰ÿһ֣ӡϡ
ôӲܣȴ
ԣѾûʱˡ
Ҳڣõʱ䡣
۴һ̣ҲõʱҲ˵
ˡԷǭZȼϺҩˣʵǭZȼɴģǭZȼҲȥٰϺˣҲõĿһЩ
С㡭ǭZȼƵĽ֡
ţԷ̧ͷһƽûзŭҲûЦݣֻ˵ˣҪ˵һֱ˵ô
֪
Էһֱ֪ܿǭZȼĵĸӡֻ밡ÿ˶ԼܣԼ⣬ʲôʸȥҪǭZȼһҪԼ
ԣǭZȼ뷨ܡ
ԣʡǲоĵĳأܹ͸ǭZȼ۾ĳأÿǭZȼԼʱǻڲ¶ĳء
Է㿴ԽǿԽܡ
ķ
ǭZȼˡѹ֪Էָʲô顣
òԼϲ¶ɡ
ǰɡ
صô𡭡
ûɡ
Ϊ˱Լ̫һжɵɵ˵ڣһԷ㲻˵¶ɾˣѡĬɡ
ǡڳĬ
ҪףûҪô硭
Ͼʱ򡭡
ˣҲܺԷھƵķ棬¡
˵
㲻ϲ㣬ôԷǭZȼֲ˵ˣԼ˵ˡ
˵Ҳò˵ʣȨֻҪǭZȼشͿˡ
ǭZȼĴ⣬ǲԷ㣬촽εĻشš
Ϊʲô˵ǭZȼͼһμ氡Ÿռ棬Ͳϲ
ǭZȼʹûɵ˵ûʲôǡǣϲ
ôǣҲϲСZˡԷͻȻһը
ΪʲôǵǭZȼӦ
ΪʲôǲϲԷ֪ôǭZȼģǹ
ǭZȼˣԷǸأһһҪ֪ԭı飬Ҳף¶ԷһʳǾǵ̯˵Ӳġ
ҡҲϲǭZȼŬĻЩʲôһüͷµ˵ϲϲϲ
ǭZȼʵͣ˺ܾãӦôԼ˼źãı﷽ʽ
򵥣ֱӡ
Էͣһȫ׵ӡ
ǰôء
ǭZȼ룬Էǲ׵ģԷ˵жöõʱԼԺ棬ȫǰͼ˵Цӡ
һ̣һ˭ϵظһ䣬ƮԼĶԷԸĻһ
ԷҪһˡ
֣Ҫһˡ
㣬Է㡣
СZԷ㲢֪ǭZȼǴʲôط˵˭õԷϲ㡱һ۵ġ
ץסǭZȼֱֹۣͣڱϻȦȦĶԼȻŷǳε˵ϲ㣬˭İ
Լµġܲ˵ΪǰʱԼİɣ
ԷãԼе㱻ˣЩЦõ˵ʵһԸܺõŮӣⲢҺϲ㰡ǭZȼףֲһ䣬˵ˣҵȻǸϲСͮİҺͬͬס˚GϵȻҺͼ̫˰ÿ춼Щ
ԷˣԼ̫ǭZȼԻ·ˡ
ǭZȼȻüͷʵ˵Է˼
ϲǱϲ
ָġϲԷǸϲ
ҪҪ˵Է˵ĻƺûһҲ֮ϲɰϲ
ûа
ǭZȼƵ˵Ļȴġ
Ȼһ䣬Է㣬ӳһذը
ǡÿ졭
ţ
С㰡
лҪ˵
£
а˵ҪҵҪҵҺοˣ23333
Ȼһ£а˵˶СĸоҺܸˣϸĴ󲿷һһ㣬С㲢ͯ㡣
˵ͨһЩҪһǣССZû
СZҪС㶼ӦΪСZиܣС㶼ǣΪںҾⲢͯ㡣
ΪǰһҲ˵ˣССZλñȽ⣬ãֲֻá
Ϊ㣬һģԴԭĸоǣСZεġ
Ҿá
ÿÿ˵ĿҲǿֻҵĹ۵һ¡
ԣվǶȥ漸£ܻµ뷨Ҳ˵
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26 
ƶ졣Էԭʱ, һϲ, ı, һûء
ǭZȼƲƲ, Ҿǲϲ㡣û, ǲϲ

ΪǭZȼһԷҲüͷ, Ͼ, Сʱ, ǭZȼûôȷҼ, һ˵Ĳϲ, ׼ȷ˵Ӧˡ
ʵ˵ԷãǭZȼἾԭ, ƺû˵ô򵥰
СZΪϲ, ԲŲ˵ôԷǭZȼ
Է, ˵, ƫƫû˵ڣҪͷֲҪƭԷ㣬ֻҧ´, ϶Ҳ񶨡
˵ʵ𣿡ǭZȼƺΪѵӣҲҲֻǼѣԸ˵͡˰ɡ
ֻǡ
ǭZȼΪʲôҪԼϲ㰡
ԷüͷҲĽЩ벻װ
ҡ
Էüˡ
ǭZȼԷϵ֪һֱԼˣȴûиԼƽϹʲôԷ㡭ʼնô۰
ûϵϲ㣬ͲϲɡҲϲ㣬ԣûϵġԷ㻹ǼЦݿοǭZȼգģԼ滹ЩҲ˲١
֪Է㲻׷ʵףǲƽϡ
ƽΪԼںԼĸܡ
ЩǭZȼ֪ġ
С㡣ȥץԷ֣˶˵ֻǡǡǭZȼܾ˵еΪ飬ԣȻץԷ֣ȴֲȥҪôˡǡ뿴ôϲˡ
ǭZȼ˿˵ģͨͨ滰
ȷġҪԷϲˡ
ϣԷ棬ֻûжλÿװ±ˡ
ԷǭZȼϣˡΪ顱֣ףǭZȼΪʲôˣƺһЩΪʲôµԭ
ǭZȼǺʧȥɡ
ΪԼ佱˱ˣ˵Ըܺã˵ǺܰˣǭZȼ˶Դˣ
ʵԷҲܹһЩǭZȼС
һֱǭZȼһ𣬴ǭZȼǾһֱһ𣬸ĸȽæȻͥ൱ҸǼܶʱ򣬶ֻԼǭZȼڡ
Сһʱͷؼһ΢ڿһЩᾡʱԷǭZȼȵԷ΢Щ˵ʱͷҵҲĴʱû취鿪һҲ½½ˣȻҪ鷳ǣΩһİ취ӶչԷǭZȼ
ȵԷǭZȼٴЩʱҲҪչˣ֮Ǳ˴Ϊ
ǭZȼֻҪԷͺˣѾϰûзڵȻ͸ĸĸȻܺãֻףûзߣҲįΪԷڡ
Է㡭һֱչǭZȼСʱ𣬾һֱչǭZȼġĸǭZȼļҳȥμӵģǭZȼУ԰精ǩģǭZȼУһְġ
ǣѾϰб˴ڵ
ԡǭZȼŻûʧɣ
꣬ΪԼϴѧҪסУĹϵǭZȼԼһˡȻĩҲԼ桭ܹ˴һʱ䣬չ黹ǷֿʱһЩ
һܼįɡ
Է㿴ǭZȼʹӣûԼ˵üįԷȴʱܹϿƵĸ顣
ʱ䣬ָҲϳֵĸƵ
͵˰ɡ

Է̾˿ЩǭZȼĴУһֱ֪ģܿĳҲֻҪǭZȼڵ飬һӦƫƫΣڼϣûܺúõĹǵǭZȼĸܣáܱǸ
Էûٶ˵Щʲôֻǽ֣ķߣһŽ§ԼĻ棬أظգķʣżḧıο
ûϲ˰ԷЩΣȴĽ͵ҰϲˣǼСZˡŲرʲôأҲ޹ء
ʱ򣬡ϲʣ漰ķǺܹ㣬һ飬㹻ܹáϲݡ
ǭZȼ֪Էġϲûаʲôĸ飬ܹǸ˵ġ
ΪԷܹϲİܹǡϲġ
ҪǡܹСһ󡭡ͺ˰ǭZȼԷĻƵ˵
Ϊʲô
ĻͿһֱСһˡ
ۡôءҰǴ꣬ǲıİԷǭZȼͷ˳

Ϊʲôʱ䣬ܹߵĿһЩء
Է΢ͷǭZȼһԵģ֪ˣҲͣԼΪոյ飬ĻΣǴǭZȼһϲģһֱڱܡ
ڿȸ͸¶һЩҲûɣ
СZһʱɡʱ䣬һ᳣ġ㱣֤𣿡
𣿡ǭZȼĵĴԷĻ˷ܵʵ
Ȼ˰ԷҪܹʱȻͲٴѧУˣѧУҲʱȥἾˡ
ȻѾˣ޷ʲôı䣬ô٣Էͼദʱ䣬ٵͣûġ
ȻİʲôʱƭԷǭZȼСգȻܹء
ֻҪǭZȼָܹôֵõġ
ǭZȼЦĺڵģʵԷʱҲ룬ԼǲӦôʱûԭûеߵģȫӦҲĹǡ
̫ýԡ
¶̫䵭ѹ
ҵǣǭZȼܹɡ
һ㣬Է൱˵ġΪǭZȼԷ˵λãͲֻڡáϹҹ
ǭZȼرġ
ˣҾƵ꣬䣬ԤԼ졣ˣһʲô鲻ܹһֱߵĻʱԼϢ֪ôǷԷ¼ܵȡŷסһ䶼ԡ
ҲСһס𣿡
ǭZȼʵһֱͦģҵĴխСһխСĴϵĻôǿ϶῿ܶĶǡ
˯ҵĻֻڣǭZȼҲҦͮڵĻû취Էˡ
㲻ǣϲôԷЦ˵Ц٩֮൱ԡ
ѵС㡭
ѵ
ˡ
ôô
ǭZȼˡ
ѹԷǸʱüôԭҪԼ˵ʲô飬Ϊ˹ԼĸܣԼôġ
ңΪһ˵˲ҪסΪʲô֮ʲôԷ׼뷨ѡɵĽȰźˡ
ǰþƵ뷨Ҳ

ôô
˺ԷìʲôġֵãԵرСۣر޴
ǭZȼ붼ˣſڴԼͷ
ȫûԷ˰
лҪ˵
£
µô磬֪Ϊʲô
Ϊڸأѣ
ľбˣ
м˵ˣ֮ǰλ˵ϣ֪ǰʲô
ʵмƻдǻһʵʱٷھ˵ǰ࣬ΪСZûг
ǰ飬һдġģ
Ҽȥ
֮ǰһţŨq?


27 
ǼСZ, ôˣԷ֪, ǭZȼ϶ԼӦ֮, , ˼ˡ

ǭZȼԼͷһ仰Ķ˵, ˡ
ʲô飬Է㶼Ǻ, 㵽, ǵĸܡ, ôԷģ
ΪͷԵʣǭZȼ۾, Щ, ȴѵõ侲
һԵԷ㿴ǭZȼ˹Ƕһʱ֮ҲȤͻȻҲ, ǭZȼ֡
СZǺ, Բҿô
ûСǭZȼƵ, ͷ洫
Է֪Ը, ȻҲǸǲͷʱ̫ЩСZҲȤ, ̫ˡǭZȼ֣Ҫס뿪ǸͷϾʱ̫ˣǭZȼҪûˡ
ǭZȼĻڸ̨أ͵ЦţȻҲҪûˡ
ȴʱԷѾǭZȼԼģոоԼֱԷץסˣ͵һ
ٷӦʱ
ԷѾˡ
ʵϸĻҲȫǡ
ԷҲΪû뵽ǭZȼҲͬһʱ࣬һʱŴɣԼƽ
ǭZȼߵҲ˶١ֻǣʱ˺ͣռˡ
ԷߣһתӦʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
龰ǭZȼȫû뵽İ붼û
Ͼڳﻮ׵أ¶ԷãԷ㲻ţضԶˡ
԰Ƶζû鰡
⣬ʲô
Էϵԡ۱ɿģôһһµƻԺ󣬵Ѿ֣֣أ룭¶״̬ˣĴȣ¶棬ǭZȼȻҲ
Ҳ˵ǭZȼϵļԷĴ
ָо
ǿҡѾռʶ޷ٺˡ
ǣ
ɣǣ໣
Էڿ۾ƵԷעţǭZȼȫƲ۰
ܹܲԷע£ȥԼԷŵĴȰɣ
˾֮Ҳδ̫˰ɣ
˵ˣҲҰ
СZôˣԷһֻ֣ǭZȼͷĺ
ȵġҺȣӦǡů̫˰ɡ¶ȵһͺˡǭZȼԼֵͦġ
ҲԷһЩ
ò档
ⶼڼˣ
ڣΣˣһһˣһһҲˣԲˣ
ôޣôĻ档ƣģȫջ

ⶼǹˣ
ûи
ٶ˰
ֲܿܳԣ
ˣ
ǭZȼԽԽᣬһֳܱϾԷ㿴أǣ
һƽſȥ͵Էϡ

ңԷϻζûڴϣ˶ſԷϣԷľ࣬غţȴֲòѹԼܹԳԼûʲô쳣Ϊ
СZôˣոջһͦ˵ӰôͻȻֱõˣ
ҪԷ֪ǭZȼոһ˲䣬Ҫ飬Է㻹ܹô
šǭZȼҡҡͷʾԼû¡
Ȼ뿪Է壬Լڴϡ
аһĺˣҪôԷĻԼѳֲסּĸо̫ˣҲ̫ˡһֱڳ¶ȣҪˡ
ˡǭZȼ˳ɶԺһȿȡ
Ǿ˯ɡԷͷŷ϶ʪˣְֻ˵ȫǺ˯׸ðȥϴɣϴ˯
ûµİҾ˯ҲðɺǭZȼʵûˣʲôûȴĪȫһֱð
̫ˡ
ԺҲҪԷ㡰׽ˡֲܿܳԣܵĻԼûš
УȥٺҲٲȥϴ裬ҾҪϴˣԷв
ȥŵǭZȼԡ塣
뿴Է尡ҲԷһϴ谡һѪ̫СʱһƲסԼͿʼѪ
ⶼûƵǸˣǼֱĥ
ǭZȼȨ󣬻ǾȵԼܳԵʱ١ɡ
ȵȴˣٴδԡҳʱ֣ԷѾ۵˯ˡ
ǭZȼĻðֻǿԷ㰲˯ͻȻûҲ˵Էûֻػ£Щ飬ӵҪ§Էú˯һ
ʱ򣬰ӵֻӵţúܸˡ
ûû޹
ֻӵ
ǭZȼԷ˯Цţͷһǣ
ڶ糿
ԷѹʱǭZȼ˯
ѵõûѡ
Է㻻һƣűſţҲֻһԾ͵ǭZȼ˯ģ
ϸƺҲѾþãûôǭZȼ˯ˡ
пڼҵʱÿѹǭZȼѾˣϴˣ¥ȥͷǭZȼո경ؼҡ
ΪסУĹϵǭZȼʱ䶼࣬һ˯ʱȻ͸ˡ
Ժ󣬷ǭZȼԼߵĻᣬʵࡣ
һʱ֮䣬Է¸ǣŵؽڴͷϵֻù
˺üƬԼһ԰ڳָı飬֮ôô
ܹ˼ʮԺԷ⣬ȻֻǭZȼ˯־ģ㿪ʼģ硣
Էû¶ǭZȼһұһȴ뾪ǭZȼ͵Ķ˶壬СķԷ㻹Ϊ۾ʼװ˯
˺һû˶ǭZȼĺ֮⣬ҲûʲôԷ͵͵۾ǭZȼ˯ֻͷЩңΪոҶĹϵɡ
Է֣ʳָҵķ˿õһߣƤʳָͣӶͷʼ󵽡촽
ʳָǭZȼĴϡ
Ȼȫû뵽ǡ
ǭZȼͻȻſͣžԷľС
˻
ʳָǭZȼҧסˣڣǭZȼ档
ĶòԷ뵽һЩǳӦ뵽顣
Էܸоĵʳָط¶ȣЩȵģЩʪʪġ⡭ֶʲôġ
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
лҪ˵
˼û
ΪҪ֤ڸϰû
ȡ쿼¾ͻָ
ͬѧ̫ˣѣҴϵȵ࣬Ȼңȥȣȵ磶ֵҡ
ողų극
ǲҪQAQ



28 
Ȼʵ, ǭZȼ;ˡ
⼸, Ѿϰ, ǰһ˯, ڶ϶ѵĺ磬ӶҪ, Ѿˡ
ֻûгȥ, Ͼڼ, ûô㡣Ժ, ͰڴϿʼ
ڴʲôأ
ԣʵǭZȼҲֻ͵͵Է˯ĺöƬֻǰʱ, Է, ˵ʲôҪʲô£Դͷ仹ĵ绰, ȽϷ㡣
ֻǭZȼΪ˱İȫ, ·ʱ, ܹʱ֪ͨ, Ϊġ
ˣԷֻϿڼԲһһ, ֻͻûջû顣
ǭZȼʵνģԷԸһֻĻȻҲûɲҪͿ˳ʱɧšԷˣкβأ
˿̣ǭZȼԷָ棬۾װ˯ֿˡ
⶯ɶио
ʾšʲô
ǭZȼȻǶİֻ׼Է㶮ʶȴװʶͷɨɨԷʳָָ⡣
Է㲢֪ǭZȼװ˯ֻΪ˯вСĵģǲɱģΪǭZȼһ򣬶һ
ԽԽòԾһǭZȼһҪˣҪô˵źã
ȻûʲôֻǸС飬ǭZȼҪһǷԷ㻹治֪Ӧô졣
䱻ĵǭZȼ˯ȻѣԼ
Է룬У㽫һֻǭZȼıӣһ󣬵˸ӣģڼԺ󣬿ǭZȼ۾
ǣͳû֡
װʲô֪һֻڽǭZȼʵ򡭡ʳָϣѾǭZȼҺˡ
һůĻⲿӴʳָ쳣ԡ
ǭZȼѹûϵԷͻȻסıӣֲ뱻Է㷢ʵһֱţոյһЩ鲻ٽװ˯ġҪǱˣָԷôء
ȻϷȫݼ
ǭZȼ񣬶ǿݼڵģ˵װԼ˯ѣΪ˱ֵԼոһ֪ǭZȼرװģԼ۾װԼû˯ѵӣȻŰ۾Է㣬һ޹˵ô˰
ģģװĵ滹ͦô¶
㡢ˡ̫ɹƨˣ˯ˡԷ㳶˸ɡ
ޡǭZȼ۾
ȥϴˢȥԷǭZȼߴʳָϵľӨͳûһˡ
ǣСأһԷϴԺ󣬶ỻ˯µģȻϻ˯£Ǿ˵Ҳûϴɡ
ȥ
ม
ðɣǭZȼģȥϴˡ
ȵǭZȼϴԷѾȻ·ˣ죬Ҫȥ
԰СͺˡﶼһֻҪԷڵĻ
Ǻðɡ˵գԷȥϴ
ʵѾ˼ƻֻǽһ죬ǭZȼ뷨ϾԼνȥģֻҪǭZȼ˾ͺá
šС㡭ǭZȼͻȻµĿڡ
ţ
ҡǽ˷ɡ
Ϊʲô㲻Ҫס𣿡Է㲻̫ǭZȼΪʲôͻȻô˵
ǡֻһ˯ҡһû˯ѧأҪ鿴˵ô˵ʵϣǭZȼҪԷ㼷һŴϵĸо⡭ҲҪ֪ȥԷ㡭ôͼദġ
Ҫ֪
ǺðһǾȥ˷Էνʼ磬ǭZȼôˡ
ǭZȼ˳סԷȻֻж̶졣ȴǷǳ˵ġ
ΪԷ춼ң֪ˣԷͼ֮ôദġ
ʵûеôУ̫УƺģֻͨͬѧϵѣȡѡĹϵҪٱһ㣬ǭZȼ۲ŷԼ̫һЩ
ֻǣҲû˷ΪŸհûأ֮ദһЩҲģԺô
˭˵׼
˻ᣬԷҲرĹ۲֣ǭZȼСƢǣģĵ治ϲ㡣
׼ȷ˵ӦǣǭZȼǲϲ㣬ĺܲϲԼͼ׽
֮ǰǭZȼĹ֪ǭZȼϲ㣬û뵽ϲĳ̶ô
֮ǰһΣԼ֣Է㲻ҪøѣͱǭZȼһԼ˴
ǭZȼԼø㣬ҲԷͼʲôҪǣζ̫ЩԷ㿴óȻҲס
Ϊ˱ǭZȼٲ˿ŸԷҲ˽£ĺͼ㱣ž룬ֻϾͬһ£ټϼҲȷʵദҪŪô̫ѿϵ̫ţһҦͮڣûбҪŪôҶΡ
ֻ˽Լ棬ͼ㾡ͬѧ֮Ĺϵٺ׽ǡ˵һЩھţȻǭZȼڵ¡
ǭZȼڵĻͼȻǸôദôദ̫׽Ҳ̫衣
ʱôȥǭZȼҲҵˡ
ûôĹɼԷ㲻ѹȻҲûʹֻҪǭZȼԼá
ֻǭZȼԺԷ㻹ûзż٣ıȥԷģǻߣûкԷ˵
Էͼߵ̫ȴֿԼ޷㳤
ƫƫƲܼãܵѡ
˼ǹǭZȼѡ˺ߡ
һжͽ͡
ڣԷֺͼһˣô
˵ϲ˵ôܹʲô⣿
ǸŮӣԷҲһЩԺԷкһأ
ʱʲôɣ
ʲô˵

Цˣǰô룬ڻô
ǰûᣬлˣҪ˷ô
ǭZȼףֻҪһ첻ôе飬иı䡣
ԣѡˣѧϰΪֹĿγ̣˴ѧҲкܶࡣ
ԺԷÿλؼңǭZȼҲûйʲô޲ֻ֣ǡԷҲٰ֣Լı¶ˣôģԷһ֪ȻڡԼʮİܹ֪ǭZȼ뷨ˡ
Է㲻֪ǣǭZȼֻڼʱ򣬲ŻԼϢ죬ڼҵʱǭZȼǰԼڷͷѧϰ
ǭZȼҪһΣֻһʱҲãҲҪ̺Է֮ľ롣
Ҫһ㣬վߡ
Էģ׷ߵݡ
лҪ˵
ϣ
Ҫʰҵİ2333333
Ȳ²£濪ʼСZҪء
Ȼһ
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29 
㡭ˡ
һֱǰˢǭZȼ, ˸, һ, ڷ
ǰ, ѾԼƶһϸļƻ⼸һֱϿִš
ÿÿڳʱԺ, ܹ΢һЩ
ƻֻǭZȼԼһ֪, ûиԷ, ҲΪ˱Է㿴, Ƿֻúʱ, ÿȴڶʱǰ, ѾصԼķ档
Ϊ˷ֹԷ֪顣

Ŭ飬һ֪ͺˣ̫Է㡣
û뵽ôǭZȼǰּĲο, ²һ¡
Ȼ׼֪ô, Ҳû뵽иһЩ
ǭZȼֻļƻ˿, ڲϵ, ЪԺ󣬳Ը緹ټˡ
ЩƶļڼƻҪŵǰҲȥصģϾż, żٵȻҪúˣЩڼƻӰɷŵڣģȫӲ
ûа취ȥִС
Ϊģ̻̲
ǭZȼǱԼģԼ֪ʶĻԼ뿪Է㣬ԺΪܹԷһЩԼ飬Ҳν
ҲΪ٣ǭZȼûкԷһȥΣԴˣԷʵЩġ
ѧҵЩǭZȼͻȻǱѧϰȰѧϰĻãǾԷ˽ǭZȼѧҵƺǡûôĵİ
ôģԷ㵹ûбֳϾǭZȼܹԸǱѧϰ飬۴ĸǼ顣
ûʲôȥ顣
ټϣԼҲҪŬ˰
̰СȼȼأĶȥˣôûǣԴԷ˴ѧ𣬷䶼ҪڻӵߣֻǱԤҪæ̫ˣֱźò׿ճһЩʱ䣬ûؼĹûؼҲʱŮ
ͷϵĹæһ룬ͻȻЩۣߣȴûԷǭZȼڣżٵʱڿһ𿴵ӻһġ
ˣСͶС㣬Ϊֹû¥ȫڶ¥鷿Ϳͷһ¥ڳæһϣҲû¥
ǰţҲûСȼȼͷҲһ뷨Գڼңⲻ˵Ҫһ緹źӳԣڳæء
ȥЩʲôءͷ
ȥȥɡǵøС㻹ȼȼ˵ͳԡΧȹŹһ˷ܡ
ЦŻͷ˵ãҲһҸģߵ¥ȥˡ
ˡ
ǭZȼ鱾̧ͷŶķ䣬ʵ裬ôˣʲô飿
ûУʲô鶼ûСЩ춼ڷʲôءߵǭZȼߣܾ䰲س棬̫СŮķ䡣
һǣǭZȼٻԼķģһ㷽䶼ֱԷķһһ׼һӣһ˴ŻẦ£ԲʦԷķ
ֻϴηǭZȼȻԷķţÿζԼķ￴
ûаǡ㿴ϾѧǸǭZȼһʱ֪ô˵źã˼䡣
ôùͷ˼ۣǣһһĲο飬һǸѧƵĶУӣǭZȼ˵ģģ
԰裬ûкܰǭZȼס
ǰûģһɶò
СȻаǡ̫Ҫ׼ȷ˵Ļʵǡͦѵõġ
ȻǭZȼʱȽ٣ǭZȼģŮ˽һЩģǭZȼɼ죬ǰǵһĴָҪҪ˵ѧϰ𣬵Ҳòϣ
ǭZȼһȰѧϰĺӡ
֣ѧϰȥѧϰһϲѧϰˡ
һ㷽仹֪ġ

ǭZȼǡתˣ
ȼȼ佱ԵǭZȼͷȻ˵ȼȼô뵽Ҫڼ俴ģ
ûаֻǡûʲôԾ͡鿩ǭZȼ˵һƽ
ŬǺܺãҲҪעϢݽϣ֪ȥ̫ѹԼ𣿡ǭZȼļ˵Ͳ
ţ֪㲻õң֪ôչԼǭZȼͷ
仺߳˷ţҪ˵ǭZȼôùǱѧϰǡ̫ŵģҲʲô£ҲûʲôҪȥˡ
ǭZȼȥԷķ䡣
С㡣
衣Էڴͷһ顣
ʲôأ
šרҵ顣
ѧУģߵߣ
š
֪һǰԤϰĺϰߣò׷ż٣Ӧøͬѧһ𣬶ȥǹְΰʲôġڼ棬ưסԷ֣ĳ˵
һֱ֪ŮûʧҲûΪôĹԽԽãܶԲ
裬֪зִ硣Է㸧˸֣ο
㻹ƭءʹˣٶһˣ㶼ûôȥףԷǸзִˣҲǸܶµŮŮԹĿһЩ
ðɡԷͷѵõΪǰɣⶼ㷢ˡ
֪˼ǲҪڼ棬ΪۣΪȼȼӦԼԼȦӣԼѡ
裬֪ÿζ˵һĻҶĶ䳤ˡԷװͷӣĶס䣬Ҫӡ
㰡ǡ
裬˵һ顣
ţʲô£ԷģΪܶ飬Է㶼ܹԼ÷ִ磬ԼȷľԷҲȥԼ뷨;
ǡҲǴĻһôտѧһʱĿΣˣҪϵݣһѾ֪ˣټϴһ϶кܶͬѧȥʵϰ߲μƸæʲôģϿεӦú١ԡ
ԣŲµԷ˵ʲô
ĿѧȥѧУԷ˵ĺ򶨡
ͷûȷԣ˵Ϊʲô
һټϴٽҵѧûʦҲû齲԰ɣ
еͬԷĹ۵㣬ΪȷˣҲͬأ
Ѿͽ̵˵ˡ˵ͬˡԷɫѾ¶ˣ¶˵Ѿ˵ˣѳɶ֡
Ѿնˣһ𣿡˵
ס
ûзԡû
ǡ
ͬˡ
лл裡
Է֪ԸҪԵĻһԼ˵ĵһ仰ʼͻԼԵоٳһеĲӦá
ڣûУҲ˵Դ˷ͬġ
ǿͬ⣬ҲͬⰡ
뵽Է͸
ĻͿиǭZȼˣҲüįúˡ
ʧȥԼɣ
Ϊˣȼȼɣ
ԷΪ˵Ļеһ㶣û뵽ô˵ǡΪȼȼ·ǭZȼԣʶ붼û˵ˡ
㰡ͱƭˡСֻҪʲô飬ǸԼйصģ㶼ҵǸȼȼйصأ㶼Ǹ֮ǰѾһˡֻΪȼȼնࡣ俴ĳԷж۰ǭZȼ
Է㲻֪˵Щʲôôһ˵ע⵽ȷˡֻҪΪǭZȼ飬ŻᶼǭZȼϣȥ
Ȼڲԭ򣬲ȵԷߵ¡
ʵǲҪӦġΪԼĻһ˵ʹӦƫƫЩԭ򣬶ֻΪȼȼЦţȴ̲ס̾˵̫ˡ
ȼȼҵȻҪԷҲЦǭZȼһǳȻô
ܱǸʮԺ󣬻Ͼûʱߣȼȼߡȼȼ飬ȫȥˣӱĳҺֵķһҶ֪ԷͷίŮˡ
裬ԷҡҡֱۣʵԼжЩʲô
ǳǭZȼһЩҲ޿ɺǰ
ҲȼȼҲĻҲΪ㣬ú㣬ûѳЩӦͰְ飬ȴѹϡ㱾ҲҪ۰͡ίˡ˵˵ţ̲סЩۿЩˡ
裬˵ЩʲôءҳȼȼΪԼҪԷãҵȻҪİͰְûϵİҽȼȼΪ㣬ЩӦ飬ʲôίίİԷֱס䣬ĻСŮ
С㣬ҲҪ֪ԼһЩ֪ôͰְԸϣȼȼܹ֡˶ѣѾ㹻ˡ䱧ŴŮı
š֪ԷӦ
ʵԷҪԼĸף̫ǭZȼʲôġޱȵǭZȼ飬ֻԼҪôѣ˭ûϵ
Ǹӡ
ΪãǭZȼ
Է㣬ҪΪЦӣԷã񡭡磬
лҪ˵
ʾҲҪˡ
ȻûԽżԽ¶࡭
ǰе顣
һֱûô쿴ۿСʹ߸
¸㡣
ܰʾСZҪˡ


30 
ĵڶ, Էȴװ, ǭZȼ, Լ˷ǳҪҪȥѧУʱŻȥ֮, ʱ䶼ڼ
ǭZȼ֪ʱȻֵĲ, еĴʯǷôһһİԼƶļƻֱѧǰ챨ʱԼȥ̵ʦĹ, ڶȥ׼cha࿼Ե顣
Ժ, ǭZȼһֱֳȽ, Ȼģʦ, 쿪ѧ˾ֱȥ߶Լڵİ༶Ϳˡ
ǭZȼͷ˵, ҽʦлһ
صԺɸĸڣ˼һ, 㽲ֱ˵ˡ
ȻǸ˵ģⲻ˽ǭZȼ佱һֻҲЩĵ, ʹܹĳ, ǭZȼ˼ͦ, ɱϾͻСһЩ
ȻҲˣҲĽǭZȼһ˵ôôܲȺԼԼ˾, ǭZȼѵùԹԵûзڡúúáһܷ˵ʲôͬⶼӦӡ
Է㵹ʲôû˵
Ǹ˵ģһǿ϶ģΪǭZȼжĽֻԷҲǭZȼģԼ˾ȥһãϿɡ
ֱϣ˶ڴϡ
ԷͷǭZȼ۾ģûֻ˵СZ
ţʲôǭZȼûװ˯ʵЩƣ۾Ҫ˯ֻǸߣԷ㺰
۾ͷȥԷ㡣
ܺڣȴʱ̣оԷһߡ
ԽԽأСZ㡣
ҪúõǭZȼΪʲôˣȴڿڵһ̣תĻ⡣
٣𡭡
ǭZȼʵͦĵģܹԷó֮áֻǿĹֳȥҲţûԼôİɡ
Ժ󡭡ʲôһҪ˵
һҪ𡣡
һҪ
ǭZȼԷ㣬ظ⼸仰Լ
һҪ
ʲô飬ʲô㡣

͵͵ϲ㡣
Ҳ
Էһʱԡ
ûǭZȼð⡣ⲻеĴ𰸡
ǣⲻеĴ𰸣ôеĴ𰸣ʲô
šҲǡ㲻˵ĻҲûйϵϾǼСZѾҪɴˣԼܣҲԷԼ֣ƽ˵
á磬ԷǭZȼӦǭZȼԷȻҲһ
ڣˣʲô鶼ӦԷ㣬Ļô죿
ҪԷʧ
ʲô˵ǣһƭҡʲôشľյķΧҪúõ˵ͼһ𡣡Է㻹ǴӱǭZȼͷ
ףǾԣԣԲƭСġǭZȼ˵ֿϿңٲ˽ƺĴӦԷ㣬ǭZȼΣƭԷġ
֪ˣظô顣Է΢΢һЦˣˣ˯ɡ
šСǭZȼ䰡䣬䵽ǭZȼĻסһģס壬Ҳġ
һǭZȼԷַ·صǰСʱദЩһֻǭZȼ֪ܶ飬ܿ졭ͻᷢı䡣
תۼ䣬ǭZȼҲҪˣԷҲҪٴıҵˡ
೤İǡʲôʱǶȥôԷһŵ绰ڴϣһַ־
ϵĶмӦû֮ǰȥȹǼưɣʱڡ죬ôҲܾûˣǱҵǰһξۻɡ绰Ҧͮ˹
ȻԷ˽»ǱȽϳԼģɰͬѧûˡεȷЩѵãҦͮ绰Է㣬ĻǰҦͮŲΪԼء
ȥɡӦãϾ೤ˣҲЩʱûˣξ͵ǱҵۻɡΪ೤ڣԷŴӦģֻͰ೤ȻԼż棬ϵҲ㲻˼Ҷ⿪ˣûбҪӾܾ
ǺãǾ;ưſڼ
á
ԷҦͮ˼䣬˵绰
ż־ģ˼ҳԺȴû飬Է־
룬Է¹񣬿˰죬·ȻѾҪȥμӾۻ׼ˣôȻҪһ׺ʵ·
ԼǭZȼȫȻֻ֪̯ڴϿŵӣѧϰòˣҪЪ
ǭZȼҲڿѧУ֪ʶڿƾ顣ѾһԼļƻˣѧרҵѾˣǰȻòˣû׼ʱѧû¶ܻؼҲȥѧУء
ңϵƵȥʼնûҵһܹǰͣƵ
ġ
ȥЩ
ʲôϱʲôװʲôഺʲôУ԰
塣
塣
ǭZȼ˰Դص˵ӣȻһ½ǣҪԷķȥˡ
һ䰡ǭZȼ̲סһ̶뿪
С㣬ʲô
ǭZȼŵϰأԷ㲻ڷ֪ԷڷĻǭZȼǴŵģϾټԷķҲİˣ˭Լķ仹ţ
֪ԷڷĻǻԵŵģȻҲֻԵ¶ѡ
ⲻײˡ
һֻţһֻѾŰϡһֻţһֻ־ѾתŰƿš
Ȼڿŵһ˲䣬Էӳ
ȿȡ
ʵҲȫԷ㻹ڿ㣬Ҳֻڿѡڿ֡ͦԸеͣǭZȼͦϲġ
ԷĺܺãǰǰʱҲǸŮӣھԽԽгΪһŮ˵ˣľͱøӰ͹߶ɼڿ㡭ÿߵĵطǭZȼáԼֻҪڿ΢ôһ㣬ܿƬڣseiɭˡ
ô
ԷûܹⷴǭZȼĸֱӡ
СԼӡеģ֡˲٣
Ȼʱ򶼺Է˯һŴϣǾĿţ˯ʱΪӵĻоǿ̫Ĳͬ
ȻۿĸоҪöˡ
ҡƺҲǰͦ˲ٰСͦӡǭZȼԾеڸҪ̿ˮ
þûԷôԸеӣ뻹еСء
ȻЩǭZȼڿԷһ̣ӿԺ˼ѣԷշӦʶԼŵ·סԼˣһ
ŵǭZȼľһһ㶵ģֻҲ֪źá
ԷҲ̾ͱȥˣȻҲô࣬·ס
ڼңرԼʱʱóȥֻᴩ˯£˭˯˯µʱ滹һء
û뵽ǭZȼͻȻķҾţԼӦӦ
ȫҸôˣҲֻǭZȼˣ
ǵģ
Է·
תŭߵǭZȼǰôֽţ
ҡƽİǭZȼί״ı죬˵Ҳ֪ڻ·
ֿʼһһĽˣǭZȼĵźŰ
´β׼ٽҷʱˣûԷᰡǭZȼ˵ĻûǭZȼʱҲû˵ʲô
ЩʱҲûз״
˵ףֻܹԼ
á
ǭZȼԷӦȴ̲סƣ״һ
Էû£֮һ·ϣϵһȻǽ£ǡԷһһʱ·ҲŸ塣
ǭZȼСֿ͹ĵ㡭
лҪ˵

˵һ£˶뿪У԰ġ
뿪У԰ǰǻиϷġ
⣬ұԵȻ극ŻѧУ
ϲ̫³ĻҴѧУ磬Ͽܻһ
³Ļ͡
ȶա
ϣ


31 
ȳȥһ·Է˵ձǭZȼȥ, Ȼ˷š
û
Ҳûô
ǭZȼԼ, Է㵹Ҳû, һԷ
ֻͻȻǭZȼ, ЩŵǳĲ˼ĸо, ղԲѹ޴ǭZȼȥ
ǭZȼϳԺ, Է´ϵ·, »һװ
ǭZȼ, ʶԼıӡ
ţܺã
ûѪ
ǭZȼ, ܺã
г
աſˡ
ǭZȼת, Է㡣
ɡ
㣬ҪȥǭZȼȥԺ󣬵һ仰Է, ǲҪȥϾԷոڡ·ӣ
ӦʲôҪŰɡ
š
ʲô°
СƨôࡣԷոյ, еΡ
Īġ
Ρ
ҾǭZȼԷ, סֱǵ, С㵽Ҫȥﰡ
֪
ţ룡
ܡԷԼ࣬ȴƵǭZȼȤ
ǭZȼȻ֪Է˼Ͳ¡
ҡ
˵а취֪ġ
ðɡҲûм׷ȥˡ
ԷЩţǭZȼô׷˰, ôôͲˣ
ȻǭZȼʣԷȻҲûбҪ˵ȻԼԼô˵ɣոաҸ
ҡͿڸ
㲻֪ˡڻ·˵ա
Է㿴˿ǭZȼϴ·ߵ¹Աߣ˿·
ǭZȼΪѾԷ൱ͬһ䣬ԷԷķﻻһ¹񣬿ǭZȼҲһ·ùš
Ҳ˵ǭZȼĴ󲿷·Էķġ
ôˣǭZȼߵԷʵ
Է㶢ǭZȼϵıװֿ˿¹ǭZȼУȻǭZȼ֣߱˵ߡ
ǭZȼҲ͹ԹԵģһԵظǣԼ
ǰԷӶ˴һкͷ˵ԼǭZȼȥ
ԷǭZȼȥ·ȻͿ˼գȴٿǱȽϰ͹ʡʱֻʱҪͣͣ鷳
Ȼϵʱ򡭡ȴЩڡ
ˡԶడ
վЩ࣬ԷԱһµʱһֻ˹§סȦڻ档
һ˫֣Է֮ӵ
ʵǭZȼ̫ϲ˶ĵطЩ鲻õĻԽĵطֻԽķѣҪΪûʮ꣬üԷ˾ˡ

оҲɣ
ܹö֮ģԷ§ԼĻ棬ѵõĻᣬ˶࡭ҲǼ°ɣ
СZءഫԷ
ǵȻ ǭZȼüеӣԷһЦ
룬ܽ
ǭZȼţ꣬ѾԼһˣվߣԷһ߸պ㹻ӡֻҪǰոʮ֣ĴͿԴǭZȼա
ǰԼǣİ
һȥܶطܶܶط
ǣ֡
ǭZȼǱԷǣ֡ԵɣĿأ
ʲôʱҲ֣ǣԼˣ
Է֡ǡĵĸо
ǭZȼȫûô뷨֪Է㱻ȦԼ飬ֻǿʹֻΪҪӵ˳֮Уñ˴Է㡣
˶ѡ
ûʲô񱣬ֻǵģҪĶˡ
Է㣬ġ
ˡ
ţ
ǭZȼͷԷ㣬ôһ˲䣬ƺǡ˺ĸо
ŵԷζ
ֻһ룬ͱԷվš
ԷǭZȼĵطAеҵһ֣רŹֵĵطҵֵĺ滹Сһ֣ܶ¥ù˿ȥԸϢһ£СԽֵĺͨ·ϣԱ߱һվվڡ
Ҫ·
ңǡԷǭZȼ֣ţʵ֮һ·㶼ûҪȥĶ񲻷ġ񣿡
Ϊνȥﰡ֪϶ҡ֪һ͹ ǭZȼЦЦ
㵹ǱôƻˡԷ΢һ£û뵽õĻش𣬡ô֪Ҳ㣿˵׼ء
Ǿ˵ҿǮֵã ǭZȼҲȤŤͷԷ㡣
֪
Է㱾Ҫ˵һֵģˣֲҪΪЦǭZȼһȥ壬ϲ
ôҲһ˵ǭZȼȻǮߨqsިtr
˵ˡԷҲͣͽ⣬ȥǼҵ꿴ɣϲĸӳ
ԷǭZȼ߽ˣȻڵͬ£ǭZȼ˼ݸȥԿ
ǭZȼȻͷӦ
һΪǭZȼ¶ʹǰǵԭɣ״ǰҪܶ࣬ƫƫƫ͵ģִݣ¶ɣǡС
ԱȽϳĵ·Ǹϣһرʺϵĸо
ֻһ·Ժ󣬴¼Է㻹Ǳ·ƺٸԼӣ
ǭZȼѾ˲·ˣû´ĻԷӦʱ⣬Ҫ·ӣ
ڵǶȫûпǹԼô
⵹ǣյıԡ
С㡣ǭZȼߵԷߣĽ֡
ţˣԷתǭZȼÿҲֶһԵĵ˵һ͸ոյЩһɡ
˵ãȻñͬ°·װ֮ǭZȼϵһֱüǮȻȡ˵ơ
ŸǭZȼɷ˵ץԷ㣬ȻҲһף̿һȹԷϲ߸Ьȹȳһʺ
԰ɡ
á
ԷҲûѣ·ȥ¼ˡ
ǭZȼ˸ոյԷ㣬·
ʵе˽ĵģ˸װܸоеװĸоɣ
ȵԷ㴩óԺǭZȼΧת˺üȦǡǳⰡ
ÿ
Ʋ۾
һȹӣҲԿɣǭZȼһȹӣһȹԷӵУȴʵô֪ȹӣ
ҴȻһ¾СǭZȼЦȴҲԼȻ˵ҾǾã㴩ȹӺܺÿʵ˵ԭ򣬶ģǿԷ¹񷢴˳߿ܿǿԼȹӡ
ԷȹӲ࣬Ҵ󲿷ֲӦǭZȼҲǲ²¿ѡ
˺һǭZȼ˼ȹҲ£ֻԷ¼кһʱ仹ûվһԵ ҸԷԼվš
Ϳ¼ſˣȻԷ¶ͷ
ôˣǭZȼš
ȹӡϡԷ˺ðûȥҪһǳģһȥˣڱ˳ֵĵط
һ¡˵գǭZȼе·ȫѾѻɽϣȻߵű˵Ұȥ˽ȥš
¼ܴȫˡ
Է㿴ǭZȼ˽ͷתȥԼĳ
ǭZȼԷŵĺ󱳣Ҳ֪ôġûģǰһȹӵС飬ڡ
Էȹţı¶棬ɫͰ׵ˣŸˣһ֡ԸС
ԷΪͷĹϵԺҲ¶˳޳ӣҪȥ
СZ
šǭZȼסģذֻٶȺܻ
ˡǭZȼ˫֣оʧʲôһЩʧ䣬ɡԷ壬žտԼ۹˵ÿ
ڿԼڿҰԷ٩
ȻǿСǭZȼĵĿ佱
ԷõЦˡ
ţֱӴһȹ¼䣬ǭZȼ
һߵ̨ˣԷ׼ˢʱǭZȼȴĿԼĿ

ԡ Էܾ̾ȫû뵽ǭZȼͻȻô˵ƾҪûԼĿ
ҵģˢҵĿǭZȼ˿Էľܾ
鷳ˣ̨֪׸˭ģǭZȼƲƲҲô࣬ˢҵġ
ǭZȼԷ㼱ˣһʱ֮ûעĺ֣˵עӡ
㡫ҵȻյԷС˵㿴˶ˡ
ԷֲֻÿŹ̨ͷǭZȼһСôǮ϶ǵˢԼĿ
ᣡ
̨˾ȻǭZȼĿˢ˸ˡ
صǣȻ꣡ˣʣ
ǭZȼ˴󲿷ֵ·ǰ˺ܶСֻ¼·Էš
˵ԺԷ㲻ӵôǮ
֪һ˺ü·˵ҲǧǭZȼһѧôǮ
¡
ǡZȼ
ðɺðɣ˵˵˰ɡǭZȼԷֱۣĵ͡ҴİÿµѣйڵʱġҶˡ
ƿơ
ʵͲǣſ˵Ҳ׬ǮȻ׬Ǯ϶ֹôһ㣬±˷ֻỳɣԴ󲿷ֵǮһſˣֻС
Ҳûٸ㻨ǮǭZȼգȻǶҪݺӣҲǮԶ뷽跨Ūͷ㻨Ǯ
ǭZȼ룬㻨ʵҲ߰˰ˣԼǮȥֻĻǲ͵ԼǮ߰˰ˣĶô

ҲСôõǮȻǰģԼúŰ»ȥת㡣Է밡ˣǭZȼŶ󰡡
ҪҾ㻨Ǯϲ㻨ҵǮǭZȼƱҲԼ·
Ϊʲô
ϲǭZȼǹ˹ԺҵǮ㻨
ۡʲôԷ㱾ģǭZȼһ仰ˡ
ϲһˣҪǮϲԼǮ
ǭZȼһֱ֪仰ȻһĵֻǣáⲢԷ֮䡣
ǰʱܶ˻ỨǮ׼ȷ˵ǣҵǮȴûΪԷ㻨ѷֺ
ڣΪԷ㻨ǮҪʲôԼж˫ַϣ͸
ǣҺҵǮġ
лҪ˵
ҽһ¡˵Ķǿܡ
ҵѧУѾˡûɡ
ûΪϴµʱ򣬣ʣʳˡ
̨򲻿
ȻҾȥˣһ͸ϰȥˣΪҽиԡ
ϣ˯Ȼ󣷵𴲣ѣ
Ҫúð
һǲģҶЩݣдһЩ
ϻһ¸¡
֮ǰĶһҳһʱ
Щ
ҿеİ˵ɶʱСZ˵С㡣
˵ģҲ뿴Ŀǰֻ˵׿ˡ
˵ʵʱ˵
˵Ĳ˵ǿžžž
СZضԶ
ϼ


32 
Ȼ˵ͦ, Էͦõ, ˵ǭZȼں, ֹԼ, ԼҲһĺá
˹ˣԷ滹ĥ, ͵͵ǮǭZȼ
ҲǭZȼίԼ
ͦջģԷ㴩ǭZȼһȹװԼ, Եõִ, Էͦϲġ
Է, ԶҦ֣ͮк
Է㿴, ˹ȥ
Ȼ, ȫȻ֪ǣԶĵطǭZȼء
Ҳ֪Էһ, ǹû˵֮ûиǭZȼ˵, Ǹġ
ǭZȼҲԽԽס, ס, һƵӡ
ߡ
ң
Ȼз֪
ˣ
ǭZȼģЧٵİ취
ҲȷʧΪһ취
֪Է㴩·ţҲԷŵĸ°źɫ㣬Եܰ, ݸ߸ߣܰ񵭵ӣ۾ϻһīڡ
ֱԷҦͮϵʱ֪ΪʲôԷû˵ԭ򣬿ΪҲڡ
ǭZȼףԼǲϲԷûܰԷԶ㡣
һưɵӣ
̧һ
ǡ
ûܱӵϤطˡ
ǰʱ
ΪʲôʩУ򵥣ֿ¥ϿϢԺܻӭԷѡĵطҲ޿ɺǡ
һǰļһɨգȥᣬȻ˽ȥ
ҪˢԱţ
һûУֳֻˡ
ûԱȥʱԷѾˡ
ȫǴ䣬Է˰ĻĶȥҰ
ǭZȼְֺڡ
˸̫۵ĵطţû׼;Էȥϴּء
һٴ绰ˡ
ЩԷȫȻ֪ͬѧ֮壬㱻һơ
Է㲻Ҫ˴ҵ£Ҳ˵ġһơһҵĻҦͮС˵ŵ㣬ٺЩ
ԷͷʵΪܳʱûˣϾѧҪǭZȼüįһֱڼ˱ĴС֮⣬ϺٻѧУѧڣȫУûûʵϰУ˾͸ˣȻҲԼҪӲпջȥЩͬѧˡ
εǸûᣬҵǰһһ
ҲΪ֪ˣԷԼûн˾ӣƽŪˡ
ΪԷȵǱƳգûһȥ¥ģˣԣֳȥҲ˾۾ȥ˶¥ɣ÷ɣãǰ೤ɻһ𳪸
ԷҦͮȥ¥ĲңźúһġҦͮȻû˼㣬ϾżģȻһ䵥ˡ
ҲᣬһȺɢ˰䣬ǭZȼӦץסģȻ
һ¥ȵ̫ġ
Ȼ
˯ţˣ
ѹѾһСʱԺˡ
ǭZȼǸڲ
ԼˡһñԼ
Ŷ
Ǵ
Լİ
û֮࣬ǭZȼ˿ʱ䣬Ѿˣ컹ûڡԼתתȻ̫ˡ
һ㣬ٸԷ绰ˣһؼء
һ¥ת¥˳ǭZȼ䷿Աʱ֮裬һء
׼صһ¥ʱ·¥ָʾƣǭZȼҲ׼ȥɣãڶ¥תһȦ
Ǹ찡
Ǹذ
ڲҵԷҦͮ
С㡣
ĵĵͦġ
ǭZȼԱ͵͵ţǸúԶԸЩʲôû취ΪԷڵλãǽҵıؾ֮·
ôʵϰ⿪һʡ
Ҧͮͷ˿Ĳ豭ʲô飬á
ò
á
ԷءתͷԷ㡣
¡Ҷһ
Ҳǡ
ͷ
Сȼأôϴ˵һǰɣҦͮ豭һڣʵ
ţһڸ߶ˣһѧҪˡûʲôŸеӣƽʱǸôôǡұҪš˵һʱԷһЩͣ٣ԼĽ˭ܹᡣ
ǲǺܺôƽòˡӻСͮ˵һֱɣСѧУС
š Է㵹ǲôá
ʲôġ
ͲҪ
ǭZȼ굹һһ䡣
ڣԷܾ÷Ųѹ̫󣬻ԼƵ̫
ǭZȼֲ֣ġ
˾ôһһţֱӿʼˣע⵽ʱ䣬춼Ѿˡ
ǭZȼڲҵѾҪˡ
óȴ
׼ȷ˵ǡ
ġ
ҲСʱһСʱãһСʱͽûȥˡ
Էӵ绰󣬾Ҧͮͼֱ¥KTV
ǭZȼȵĽȶˣ
ܸ̫±֣ݣһ¥ݣҪƽֶ㲻Լ̯¥ݼ䡣
Է˳˵ݣǭZȼŴ¥ݼһ߳һ顣
Էͷһۡ
ܾһעԼҸо൱ǿңͷһȴʲô
ǭZȼŵֶ¥ݼ䣬ըѣţ
һӣûԷ֣Ӧáûɣ
ô
ͻȻͷʲôġ
ã͵ˣ裬೤Ѿϵͳ˰һ˵һ˭80֣ͷһư
Ů˷һ룬кӾʹ˰೤գǲŮӡ
˿ȥϡȫǾƣԼƱ
Ʊﵹƣƣиʮ
ǭZȼڴôȵŵ㣬ܸԷ绰ˣ찡ذ֪⼸Сʱôġ
±Է㷢ֲ֣뱻Է֪Լ
Ȼ
ɵĽǡ
ϵĸ
绰ͨ
СZ
С㡭ʲôʱؼҰڡŵˡǭZȼ˸ĵط绰
šҽ죬ܲؼˣԼ˯ɣõˡǼûŽٶԷûеģϾǶʮˣټϷ֪ԷǸзִˣԶŮһҪСġ
˶ѡ
G㲻𣡣ǭZȼɵۡ
šԼҪǵЩ˯֪ôԷѾе΢ˣKTVİ䣬ڰһĻ΢һЩ̫ˡ
ǡﰡǭZȼ̽Եʵó绰ͷҪܶ࣬˵ԷӦǳKTVģĴȥ
ǣš֮ǰСͮһȥǸưɡ
ŷ
ţԷʶ̧ͷһ֣216ţڡ216˳Ȼľ˵˳
ԷЩʶĻش
ม
ǵãҪ˯Է㲻ǭZȼ
š֪ѾԷ㣬ڣſڡ
š
ǭZȼҵ˵绰оԷ״̫ԣ
̫ˡ
ԡԷ㡣ôˣ
ȻǭZȼͿͬͨҦͮӣŷ߳
ûУСZĵ绰ԷҲûעԼĳƺ⣬Ӳ˳ƺǭZȼΪСZġ
СZСZޣǡСȼɣ
ţԡ
СͮСͮ߳û˵˵Ƚʶ
߳Ҧͮ½˰ԷԴȻҲŽȥˡ
ǭZȼ̲ס⡭ǰ֪Է㲻ܺȾƵİҡûԷ⸱ӵİ
̲סǭZȼ촽һȥǰ̨˷һ·׼ȷ˵߼һ·Ȼһ̵ѾƲ衣
ŷ·ѾƲȥ
ȥãһȥǣһ
ŨŨһɾζöȵĲʡµҳһɵɳϣذϡ
ˣͦãڼ˸衣

ǭZȼһ֣һдķ
ѾƲ裬ѹ˵͵ѾƲ衣һۣԷڽ䷢Ҳ֪ǲˣûʲôӦ
Ҧͮϣ۾ţӡˡ
ӦѵһˣȻ߹ѾƲʱҲܹŵζ
裬ҦͮԷһһ
Է㻹õ㣬۾ţֻǷѾƲ˼ڡҦͮıֻۣԼϣȻιȡ
ι˼ڲԺ󣬼±ӣԾǭZȼڵķ򿴹ŷ֡Ծ
ǡģ
㡭
Էã
ǭZȼҲʲôΣϳ˾ϳ£Էˣš
ôˣ㲻ԣҡ⸱ģ´ǭZȼš
ǭZȼҲϲ˴ģҪԷûϳˣǾˣҲ˴·
˵ǭZȼýͣСҽ㣬ˣСͮҲˣ
ţ̫ˡȻԼҲһЩͷ
֮û£ΪȻЩҲʶ棬ϾûôĹϵûбܶƣҲ
¥϶䣬ȥϢɡһҲǰ취
ţȥǰ̨˵˵ʱӳ硣
һ׼ԺǭZȼߵԷǰ֡
ԷЩɢ쵽Լǰ̧֣ۣǭZȼ¾۽
ǭZȼ
ŷ
ȥסǭZȼ
ǭZȼҲ§סԷվԼϣܸоԷ㿿Լϵһ˲䣬ȫԼ
ǭZȼоԷ㿿Լϵȡ
ɵùһЦ
һԣҲҦͮ§סԼĻ
¥ԺǭZȼûаԷŵһߣһֱ§ԼĻ棬Ȼʾ֮ǰĶš
ԷҲ൱ϣ˫ȦסǭZȼĲӣûû֣س档
õԿԺһѸ㣬˲ʡµҦͮһۣת˵չСͮ㣬ûɣ
šһúչġ
˸Լķ߹ȥ
˷ԺǭZȼҪԷ㣬ƫƫԷʱʼˡ
Ʒ衣
ԷץǭZȼ֣ţȴͷСèһ
ܡ
šȶˣȻܡ

ϴͺˡ
ҿڿʡ
ȥˮ㡪

ǭZȼʵû뵽ȻӭԷôǡ
ʵһ·Է㶼ܹǭZȼ˵ҲЩѣֻǸоԼԴģҿڸģҲڷȡ
ǭZȼһһϵ촽žӨ⣬ˮһ
ȥ
ǣֻȥ
ҡ
ˣ࣭ͷ
ֻǡǭZȼ촽ѡ
ǭZȼôΪԷ촽н¡
򣭵ǭZȼ
Է§ĸЩ
Ȼ󡭡
Լˣ࣭ͷ׿Է촽࣭ͷ˽ȥ
Է㴽ڵÿһأǭZȼ˸ɾȴȻԸɿڡ
һֻ쵽Է·棬촽ƿʼգţתƣ򦵽䣬촽ԽԽ£ȴԽԽϡ
ֱԷһ룭š
ǭZȼԷĲһ㡣
֡
ֻԷƤϣȴûơ
ǽıס
ȥĻ
̫Էˡ
ǭZȼ롣
лҪ˵
΢Щ
ΪдһЩԸˡ
֪һ֡ͻȻԼţơ
??????????治
˵һ£һ΢΢ר¸ºɶ
ǡȶá
ȽϾϵӦҲ΢ˣ
ϲĿȥעһ£
Ժ»档
ҵ˯
ôô


33 
ʮ, ʮһ, Է㽥۾
ȻǭZȼĵ˴, Ǵ⻹͸˽, ΢΢⣬˳˯ŵԷ㡣

Ѿ, ӽ磬Է˯ʱԳ, ̫, Щ, ͷʹ۾
ڶͷ, Լ۾, ۾ǰһİľ
Է
ߴģ
ǾƵꣿ
Ӧ¥ľƵ귿ɡ
ȵȡ
Ƶꣿ
Էһ飬ŵԼƿӿһۡ
·
Ȼǣ
ǾƵԡ¡
˭ģѵҦͮ߼ô
һӡû˰ԷЩͷʹԼԴ
ԡﴫˮ
Ҧͮ߼ϵ·, Ҫĸʶˣһͬѧ
桭
Է㶼ȥˡ
վ, ͵͵ذǿϵԡ¿һ, 촩·ȫԼ, ԵİϹţԼϳԡ£ֻһڿ㡣
찡
ǰɡ

ҪҪôѪ
ƫƫôѪ顣
ǡֲáʲôʡ桭ҲʲôûС
񡭡
񡭡ûС
Էԡ˳ҪǸ˵˭
ˮͣˡ
˴ӵӡ
žડűˡ
Է̧ͷȥ۾
ԡµǭZȼ˳, ëͷ
СZ㡭ôﰡԷһ
ôһ˲䣬ģֹһ˿Ϊϲĸо
ҺãǭZȼ
ȴԺת˲ŵ仰Ϊʲô
ˣҺǭZȼ
ǣҺáһˣ
ΪʲôﰡǭZȼ֪Է仰ôش𣬡죬ûлؼңԡ㡣ͿˡԿ˸䣬Ϣ
˵ڼ˯õҵôԷ㻹˵仰֪Լûʲôô˵ϾǭZȼˣȻһأǰɡ
´β׼ˡôˣһŮӻӼҡԺ󲻿ˣ֪ôԷվ߹ȥӹëǭZȼߣȻȫͬǭZȼȣذͷ
ҴӦԣҲҪӦһ顣ǭZȼ̸
ӴǣСƨ泤˹ѧ̸ˣԷһЦ˵
̸ʲôģ˵Цˡ
ǴǭZȼҪԷûдӦģ
Ժ㲻ܺ˭ȥٺˡӦҵĻҾʹӦ㡫ǭZȼô˵УԷ֮ĵӣڻǭZȼԺ֮ȥ;ú£Լ͵͵ظˣȻĻ治֪ᷢʲô顣
ɲҪóıˣԷһĵģرǼ㡣
áС˴󻵵ˣҲ֪ҪּۻˡһתĴ˵ûӦ㰡ԷǭZȼıӣ۾ˣĴӦ
ʵԷҲ֪ǭZȼҪΪá飬Է㻹еء
Ҫ˵һ֪ᱻôֱӲʡˡ
̫ΣһЩ
ǭZȼˡ
ô˵ôһš
졭ȷǭZȼˣվԼǰʲôû˵žͱԼ䷿
Ȼ󡭡
Ȼ顭ЩƬƬ϶ϵģԺһԷоͷʹ
ȥϴˡ ԷǭZȼͷԺҲˣİɲʪķߣȥԡҡ
С㡣

ϴ·ǭZȼصȥģûʲô·ĵ꣬ȥ͹ġȴպŴ˵ܲһϲ·һؼҰɣ
ţģ ǰڴԼİɣԷӡУûһ·
ġȫµڿ㣬׼ˡһʧ
ม
˵ǭZȼŴӽԡҡ
ԡ·ŵһԡ
ʶ
Ҳ˵
ǭZȼ·
Է㿴žеԼͷЩεģһɫСע⡣ΪԼû˯ѿˣӵĴս˾һЩ
ǿģһ
ʲô
ϵǸɫС㣬ʹҲ
ǡôģ
ҧô
ٿ촽ҲЩףѹոܾ͹ֵֹģԭֺ׵ģͿ˴ɫĿںһޡ
ϡ
׷ʲô
ԷͷʹŶͷࡣ
졭
ԷÿڸģɵͷԼɸɵ촽
촽
ɸɵġ
ȵȡɸɵġ
ڿʣ
ǭZȼġ
Ҳ˵һԼһ
Է㲻ԾָԼ촽ĿžӼǵԼ
ȻȵĲ̫ܹ࣬Щģһֱڶ߶·״̬Ҫ˵ĻϸڣһӡûС
ǵԼе㿪ʼεģʱǭZȼһ绰ʲôʱؼңȻ˵ݣԷЩǵˣֻǵãҶϵ绰ԺСͮżҲųˡ
Ҧͮ½˰䣬ȻԽԽǣֿʼһЩƣȻ󡭡ȻͲǵá
ӡعʱǭZȼͳˡ
վԼǰ
֮󡭡
һ·Լص˷桭顭ʲôء
ʲôҪһֲǵˡ
Է㷢ŴŬĻ飬ƫƫԺ飬ûʲôӡˡ
ȵȡ
ǵԼܿڿʡ
ɸɵĸоڻܹо
Էô룬ڽ䷿ԺûȫЩƬΣԺһֲκκۼ
ܾãǸģĻ棬ԺزţûúʲôǸģĻ߹ȥҪһ㣬ԽԽҪʱЩٴԶԼ
˷
ֱǭZȼС㣬㻹ûϴ𡣡ǭZȼҲǵ˿ʱ䣬Է㶼ѾȥԡҰСʱˣǴȥΪֹԼûˮЩ
û£ûСϾͺãϴáԷ룬ϴˣҲû
ֹ˶ʮӣԷԡ˳ǭZȼʱ·ǭZȼҲ֮ǰԡ£µ·
ȴͷɡԺ緹ٻؼҰɡҸոҿͷ˶ͣ˵һ͹
šܾǭZȼһڲ֮䣬¶Ĳͬ
׼ƣ¾ô
ﲻͬԷҲ˵
ǭZȼߵԷߣҲʼģѧոհԼ顪ͷ
ͬģǭZȼԷͷİɲʪʱã
ǭZȼţԼͽ
Է˳ԡӣŲҪñ˿أߡ
԰ɡǭZȼԷݹȥ;ߡ
Ͱ˵ŵ𣿡Է߳Աš
첻ڼҡ
أûк˵ô
ˡǸԷģΪϾܻؼˣ˭֪Էˣһҹδء
Ҳȥ𴲵ģѵĩһ㶼ǵȻš
´οɲˣҪţҲúͼ˴һк֪ȥ
úúá֪ǭZȼȥˣ䶼Ҫˣתƻ˵óԣСԳԿ
Է㲻ƲƲ죬֪ϲҲû˵ȥˡ
ȣȿȿȣȿȡ
ôˣǺˣ
šȡȡǭZȼһʱԵ̫СǺԼ
Էһˮ
Щ𡣡ǭZȼˮӣȻĺ󱳣ʱʱ˳
ȣȣţöˡǭZȼˮ
Է£̧ۿǭZȼ
һʱ֮䣬۾
ǭZȼ˫ҲЩ׵ӣ֮ǰȫûע⵽ΪպȹˮĹϵ촽ϻЩˮգԺˮԵøӾӨ
һ˲䡣
ԺһĻģĻ棬
Ůӡڽǡ
һŮӳһŮȥȻһŮҲǵĸ
ǽˡ
һŮȴûн
ȥŮӵգŮ·ơ
ǵĺĺܶ飬Ȼ죬촽ס
׵ǸŮĲ䣬һӡ˻Ůӵġ롪֡
ǸǭZȼ
ǵǸŮӡԷ㡣
Է㡣
Լģ
ȻԼӡ
ôܣ
ǸС㣬ҧģǺۣ
ǭZȼ촽к׵ļΪǽˣ
ΪǭZȼˣ
һжɺϣ
ǰ˫򡰿ڿʡסľӨ˫ıϡ
ԡ
ǡ
ôˣǭZȼͷԷԵĺúõģȴٳûпԷ㶯飬ΪϲԣЩϿζ
ûܡܺóԡ
ǲǡͷʹǭZȼΪûθڣΪܣָоȷͦܵģǰǺȾƣֱǼҳ㷹ʹ࣬ˡ
ûСʹ
ġ
Щ桭һǼٵİɡ
ǻþɡ
졭ϵʱ򡭡ûзʲô
ʲôܷʲô𣿡ǭZȼûԷ˼ร˵Сͮͼ㡭ôǭZȼϲôУϾֱӽֵĻԷ˵ģ̫ûòһЩڸڡڸڵķϢҸո˿ͷˣǺû˷³극Ҫȥ𣿡
СZԷͻȻסǭZȼ֡
ţʲô£ǭZȼԷ⵽ô˰Ӹո𣬸ĸоǹֵֹģЩʵС㣬㵽ôˡ
ûûʲô飬߰衣Ҳ֪Һˡûʳڡ
ţ֪ģҲ˵ġǭZȼЦŴӦһ͵ơ
ǰ
ôˡôˡԷԼҲҪ֪ھôˣ
Ժ棬ôĪĳŮǵĻء
ŮӣԼǭZȼ
ôܡ
̫Цˡ
šԷƵӦš
ô򶨡
ӦԼ˰ɣ
˵ô
ǭZȼǺʲôġ
ܡ
˵
ղţԺЩǡ
þѡ
лҪ˵
£

΢ID_Yukix
İĵطҲˣרҲ΢
ӭע
ȻղܣRQ
ϲҵķԹעһҵר
ѰǣţŨq?
˯գ컹ڿΣѣ


34 
Էͬѧۻ, ھƵ깲һ֮, ǭZȼ˲俪ݼͣģʽ
Ӱ, ԽӰ
˵ͨ׶һЩ, һ֣װ
û, ǡװ
ʹװ
Ϸ飬ֻҪԷԼ, ôǭZȼ˵
ҪԷûá
Ҫǡ
һ¶أ
αͶ
԰, ֻҪԷ㲻, ôϷ飬ǭZȼڲġ
ҡ
⼸
ԷƺҲǺǰһҲûͬһһһ˯

ǭZȼЩ
ʵ滹ЩССڴ, Է֪Լ͵, ǡĻ

ʲôӵķӦأ
ǡ
ڵ׷ɫľܾ
ǡ
װӶû飿
Էֻı飿
ǷŭˣǸν, һеǽ֮ǣ
ǡ
ǡ
ˣ
ûôһֿܡ
Ҳϻ˶¶ϲã
֪
Щǰʱ, ûз顣
û֪, , С
˵ǡ
뷨й޴
ǭZȼ롭ڴԷһ޲ȽϺá
ģȽϺðɡ

ӦôŶԡ
, 桭ȴôôġԷܹʲô
˵ǡ
˵ڻ桭
˵
Է㡭ܼͺˡ
ģǭZȼġ
һȫûбҪ̫ԣˣ٣ʹȻ֮⣬ҲΪ棬ССڴţڴšڶԷ㣬ܹǰһ顣
һ˵ĺӣ˻£Щ±֣ȴµһ̣õ˿С
ۡ
ʲôʱͷʲôʱܹ
ԺĪð뷨Ȼһ̣ǭZȼƴҡҡͷɢЩ뷨
·ܳ
Էߡ
˯ȴġ
һ顣
Щ棬ǼٵġΡǻþ
Է㲻ȥΪʲôԺлЩ档ֻǰһļĨ˵Щ棬һļ䣬ֻĪģħһ㣬Ժжѡ
˶ѡ
˶ѡ
ˡѡô
Է㲻֪
ġ֪
Ӧôźã
ӦãȥԲźã
áôǭZȼ
һǰ֮⣬ʵڲ֪ԼӦʲôķʽȥ顣
֪
ǭZȼǸʲô˼
Ǹ˼Է
ˣҲǣǻþҲ˵أ
ԣԷ㲻ʣҲʡ
ܡ
Ǹء
ʱ򡭡ǭZȼ
С㣬С㣿俴Էһֱڷļ
衣ԷŻع
ҪģҪװǵõġ
˲ȥġ
ƫƫ
ǭZȼͷסһĻǻʱʱĳԺУ࣬ȴδҪ
ÿһΣԷ㶼ǸǻʱðԺУռԺþ޷ع
Ǹʱ򡭡
ǭZȼ
Ĳ档
һ֡Էû棬УһЩԷ㿴̫Ķоĵȴû˵޷ĸо
鶼ôˣԷ㻹ΪġԲŲʣҲȥġ
ǣÿλؼҿǭZȼԺͻǭZȼĻ棬ʱðڴ˯ǰҲðڻҿʱ򣬶Ī뵽Ǹ档
ʵϸ󣬵ڶȥ˿һˣǲ֪ΪʲôǭZȼĻ棬ǭZȼʱǿӲԼഥĸо
ڣܹоĵ
Խǲȥ飬üӵ
Էáǲ̫ɡ
ôˣļŵԷߣļ㿴Ӧûа⡭ҿģܹڷǲﲻ
ҡţ裬û¡ԷͣһʶľͰԼķҪѿڶˣʶԺ̸Ŀ˵ȽæɣûϢá
𣿡һ䣬˵εʵϰͦҪģҲ̫ѹϢʱ򣬻ǵúúϢȻôо񡣡
ţ֪ˣ衣Է˵Щ
Ȼ٣ʱ۾뵽ǭZȼ׵Ļ档øղŽɲͣסˣһ˵ɲ֪ôźá
ǡȼȼֱŤô仹ǲ̫Է˵ǣóˣڷӡУԷǭZȼûгܡ
ǣǭZȼҪĶֻҪ֣Է㶼һһ㡣ǼƣԼԷ㵹Ǹ
Է˵ˡģǭZȼҲڶΣ޲֣Էһ仰Լʮ䶼á
ûûаҺȼȼԷ㱾еƮģһǭZȼ֣һǷ֣Է㶨˶ʶľͷˣûгܡ
ô
ȷûгܡ
ֻ
ûкֱŤûϢ
ôӡ˵ܹ񣬻겻ӵˣֻȼȼͦġһܿ
ԷһֱûзִˣǺСŮйص飬ĴŮ϶һģ
ԷȻֻЦЦЦ˵ȼȼһֱܹԵġĲ顣ֻеʧߣ˯߲û˯ѡ
ʶľǭZȼ˵û
άǭZȼΪһϰߡ
ΪĹģҲΪ̡
Ҳˣ졭Űٰɡ˵ŮһС˽ġܹԷ㼸٣϶͸ˣϧҲֻܸŰˣܹԷˮŵ̫̫ԣԷڵĹܵҶУ̫ܲ
𡭡
ûµġġԷͷԴŮչСŮԷ㶼кܶûˣȻǹԵʰɣ˵û⣬û⣬ϣͰĵ˯ɡһҴ绰˾ɡи飬ǵһҪ
ţáлл衣аҲ
ȷ̫æһ£ټģҲȷҪúϢһ
ɵӣʲôæİɡҲûذ칫ˡĴŮ֣ͷļѣҪԹҪᣬԼĴŮ˳øЪ
š
뿪ԺԷ㿿ϣһܾʱ򡭡һ쳣ĸо
Է㿴˿ʱ䣬ĵࡣ
ո˵ˡҲˣ룬Է˾˴˵绰ڱؼҡ
Ļ˳ȥǭZȼѧ
ǭZȼΪܹȡʱ䣬ϰ˲ϵģܹѧؼҡżҲϸһڵϰΪѧϰֻǡûڿֲԶѡ
˾ԺԷϳ˵ֱȥǭZȼ˾Ȼʮӣ㵽Уſڡ
ͦ磬ûѧӿУţûѧӣ
˵ЩӣҲΪʵϰȽæÿһѵĹҪټԷ̫áԻ϶ûôѧУӹǭZȼѧ
ĻҲаˡ
һ¿
ѧӿУţеĻؼңеĳУ
Էһ۱Ⱥ֮УҵǭZȼӰȴɵһɺΥ͸С
ǭZȼݵģ߸ߵģ米ҲûʲôⰡƽһ
ǰôãڡͻȻ
ֱǭZȼţԷһֱע
ס㣬ôˣǭZȼȡŷ֣ԭԷҲڡ
ôԷ˳֣ӹúá
ȻǭZȼЦЦԷڳͻȻǸϲ˰ɣͦ˵ģ˵ң֮ء
ԷֻЦЦûнӻ˵ȽæûôĹ㣬㲻Ҫ
ôءǾԣǭZȼȥץԷ֣ԣġ
ԷֱУ彩Ӳһ룬㲻ͺá۲ۣˣӦҲæɣѧϰûʲôѣ˵˵ű㽫֣飭˻
Ȼû㣬ôѧϰôʲô⡣۲ǭZȼͻȻͣСսԷ㣬յĶߣС˵ҽĻҾͻᳬһҲۣ
˵ԺǭZȼȥһԷĶ䣬Ķеģƺڡ
һпǭZȼմյԷǰʾϿ조Լ
Էȴ֣סգ˵
ʹG㡫ǭZȼξԲǹģʶȥץסԼյԷ֣ס
ʲôʹԷװɵ
ֻǭZȼԷ֪˵ܣԸ˼ɻ˾ڳϣõĹϵܺãһҲʮ顣
ֻڳ£ɲô硣
ң֮ǰ¶ûأǭZȼ
ܾ
㲻ҪôǰԷɿ֡
ءƤǭZȼҲɿ֣ȻʼԼ۵С
Է㲻ǭZȼ˵ġϾڳѡԹ˵ǭZȼ˵Ļ֮⣬Ҳûбİ취ˣЩް취飬Ӱɡ
ƤԷ治ɫһĲܹˡ
ߡ˵Ƥ֤õˣҪԷôˣ
˵ڶϣԷ㻹ǺǭZȼһˣȻò׷ļ٣˹ɣע˯ߡ
Ը緹˯ǭZȼҪȥѧУǭZȼȥѧУ
Ļ᲻࣬Էͦϧġ
ȻǭZȼ͵ѧУԺֲؼˣ˳·ȥһУңѯһǭZȼѧϰ͸磬ǰһ֡
Ժԭ·أȥǭZȼϿεģûǭZȼڿϵˡһοʱ򣬶Сѧˡ
֪ǽõĹϵΪĵӦأ
ԷܹȺ֮Уһ۾ͿǭZȼ
ˡ
ǭZȼ̧۾ܿͺǡĿֻΪͣ
лҪ˵
Ҿõˡ
Щоôͼ
ΪڣʣʺɶͼˣаȨ񡭡
ҵԼоˡ
ԺͼӦöִɫģȽϼԼ
ǰ˵оϲ



35 
Ͽεӡ
ǭZȼͷ, ֪дһЩʲô, Է㿴һۺڰϵݡ
ѧΣ
ٰ߷ŵǭZȼ, ƺдһЩϿ޹صĶ
ԷڵλúǭZȼıȽԶ, ǭZȼдݣûа취, ǭZȼдĵıӡ
Ǽ±һģ
ǸԷڼΪóǭZȼܱǸ±, ȻƯ, ˵Ҳһͨļ±, ǭZȼȴǸһƤ
Է㻹صʹǭZȼǸģֻǭZȼӲ˵ǭZȼԼС, ԷȻҲٶʡ
Ͼ, ഺڵСŮЩԼСҲͦģšȻò˵Է档ǺҪ֪ݵġ
д
ǭZȼ, һ
ԷˣʦڽǭZȼ֡
ǭZȼһν, ڴͷдļ±̧ͷ, һۺڰϵ, ȻȹǸ±СĵķźãƵġߵ̨ϡ
ָ˸Լ촽Ŀ˼˼ӣ۱ʿʼд´, мûͣһǳɡ
дԺǭZȼķ˷۱ʣ֣ʦͷ˽̨
ȻʦʼǭZȼдµĴ𰸽Ǵ˰ɣȫõĵĽ⡣
½̨ԺǭZȼͷʼԼ飬˿ںʦıνΧͬѧĺںԼκοĿӦҲѾ˰ɣԺȡ
Է㽫һж
һʱ֮䣬Щӡ
ˡ
ʱΪʲôЩĸо
ֻΪǭZȼεӰֻɣ
ǡ
¶
һܹܵĵġ¶
ǭZȼһˡ
һˡ
һ˷ѧһѧ
ȥѧУ·һˣؼҵ·Ҳһˡ
˵ĳᣬ˵ļνϰΪ
·Ҫһ˵Ŀ⣬ںߵ˭
ֻԼһ
ԷĪĸеѹ֡ĳصĴĵ黹Ƿˡ
ԣΪǭZȼ̫СһЩô
һ롣
塪塪¿
á˭ڸǭZȼϿεѧʦ˳
áǡǭZȼĽ㡣Է㡣
ǡ
ǭZȼĽ㡣
㡣
ޣԭС㡣ʲôǭZȼں
šˡֻ˳һ£ƽѧϰ
ѧʦһޡ
ֻֻһ㡣
Էһ
ǭZȼڹµһЩһˣһһ
û˿ҪѡֻǣʦܹоǭZȼȫɢĮ
ǲҪѣܣĮ
һִǭZȼɢĮ
˻ǭZȼ⣬ش𣬻һʱ̵
Ứʱ䡣
͸ոУģһޡ
ţллʦҡԷͷıӳ
ѧʦ㱧Ž̲뿪ˡ
ԷǭZȼ۾
ҲǸоһעԼɣ
ǭZȼü̧⿴˿һ۾ͿԷ㡣
Էվڴ⿴
һƬܴĴ
͸Էڿ
ǭZȼ㾶ֱߡ
㲻ǻȥ𣿡Էڽ⣬Ϊ￴еˡΪƽʱ䣬Է϶ڹģ
Էֻҡҡͷ
쵽˚GôȥԷɡǭZȼԷ־ߣȥѧУԣǳʳãģʳõĲҲϲԵǴСš
áԷ죬ʲôҸһͺˡ
ԷĬĬװʲô֪ӣɿǭZȼ֣ȴûѳΪǭZȼס֣ûзſ
ǭZȼ󣬿ԼСıӰʲôʱıԼˣ
ǰǸԼڻ۴޵СӤıӰȴɲģ
ǭZȼԷĲͬ
Ȼڹȥһ糣ȴһֱţ쵽죬ӱܣǭZȼܹĸо
ԡ
Ȼ֪ô

ôһ˲䡣
ǭZȼZȼһ˿ĸо
֪Ҳá
Էĸ飬ǡò˰ɣĻɣ˳׷أ
ǰɣ
٣õķô룬ȷ
뵽ǭZȼ˽еԷ֡
Ҳáܺá
ǭZȼûлͷȥԷ飬Ӧøе޴룬ʴӵģǴʱ˿̣ȻԼڳ侲лЩҡ
Ϊ˿ġ
С㡣
ţ
ҡ
ǭZȼûлͷȴֹȥѧУʳó԰ɡðɣû˵ڣ˵ף֪ԼӦô˵Ӧ˵ЩʲôûгԹѧУʳðɣ˲ȥԳԿ϶úóԵġ
šáԷ㿴Լ֣ǭZȼϣȴȻսԼ֡
ʳԺе࣬ǭZȼһλôԷԷ㿴ʲô
Է˵㣬ǭZȼ˺üˣԷƽʱԵġ
ôͬѧһԷװʵ
ңҵȻǺһԷǭZȼûشԷ⣬Ǳؾᡣ
𡣡Է˾䣬ҲΪ˵񶼻ûͬѧ棿ôأҲܽѧУһ̸µĺѣ
̸µѣһ֪ϲʶ ǭZȼŷ
˭Է㵹û뵽ǭZȼȻĻһ˵Ĵڡ
ӦøˣǾ
รͬաǭZȼ̧ͷԷ㣬Ц˵Է㡣ʶô
ǭZȼԷ׹ԼǱˣˡ
ڣǭZȼ߸Էв˱ߴôͻȻ
ûа㿴ǳĵѣСͮ㣬㲻ǼôԷû㣬ǭZȼСҪڳˣ㿴㶼ҵĺˣô㲻ҲӦãѽܸʶʶô
еӣ
԰ɡԡ
ǣûҪһҪѽܸʶô
㣡
ԷϣȻΪ࣬ȷǭZȼˡСȻԼˣۣ
ǭZȼǺڸ˵GԷѹ㲻ҪΪҲ֪ѧУﶼãںͬѧദ桭
ΪҪ
ʲô
ѡִڣҲҪǭZȼ˿ЦɫҲȴν˵ڣҲҪ԰ҲˣԼԼ͡ǭZȼԷɫԽԽҲûټ˵ȥǺܴѡ˱졣
Ϊʲô
ͺǭZȼشƵᣬ֪仰ķжأе滮ȥװӣСڣͺˡǭZȼͷ˵š
ܲܡһӰɣԷעǭZȼ˵ܻ飬㳤ˣҲԼϲˣһ졭ҲġӦöཻѰ̸̫࣬ļͺã㡭
𡣡ӣ̧ͷԷע۾㲻ᣬһӶһô
ܻģôԷûп϶Ҳûз񶨣ֻƮƮӳôһ仰
ô
顣
ûпǹ顣
붼û
뿪ǭZȼˣ顭Ҫȥô롰顱û뵽ɡ
ǣɡ
ûйǰֻǭZȼѡ
ֻ
ûôʣµĻʲô
ô
Ҳδذɡ
˼꣬Ҳ᳤ȻܶܶˣһϲˣҲϲ˽ġ㡭Ҳġ
˵ԺԷʶԼ˵Щʲô
ǰûء
ǭZȼҲġ
Ҳġ
Է㲻ȥǭZȼ۾·ʱʧȥһйƤһ
ţһϲ˽顣
ѵǭZȼʱ򶨡
šԷĻӦĻԴκģоԼǲ˰ɡ
һֱ
ǲ˰ɡ
Ҳ飬ǰɣ˵ϲ˽飬ô
šԷЦ
ǿҵúúŬˡ
ţʲô˼
ҵŬϲҲаǭZȼȥץԷ֣عߴԼӽޱȣȴ۽ǺЦ˵ĻͻԸҽ˰ɡ˵ôҵģ㣿
ǭZȼһֱװװ⣬װںȴһֱڰԷʶǿ㡱֣Ҳ֪ڰʾԼǰʾšԼʱű˴֮Ĺϵáǽá
ԷͻȻǳʶķӦ˵ʲôʶҪӿ뽫ִǭZȼУ飭ȴǭZȼյĸյʹ
ǭZȼսһЩԷǰ˵㶮ҵ˼ģǰɣ㣿Է֣Ȼɿ֡
ոЩأǭZȼ̲ס˫ȥԷ֡

Է㿴ǭZȼԼԼֵģҲ֪ʲôӦ֪ӦöڸղŵĻشԱ㲻˵ˡ
ĬõĻشɡ
װɵõġ
극ԺԷ㿴˿ʱ䣬㲻绹һ飬ټϸղǶٷΣԷ㱾˵ߵģ绹Ҫ
ƫƫǭZȼϷ֣ʹԷ㣬˵·ɢɢ彡ôϷߡԷûޣֻôӦȻԼΪոǶٷ˿ɾͲˡ
ҪǲĻԷǭZȼղûмȥĶԻ
ΰ
Ϊɢ;иεģоȴеȻܶ࣬Ҳܶࡣ
ǭZȼҲûղŵ顣
ֻһͷʹ顣
ͬѧۻǸϡ

ʲô㻹ǵ𡣡 ǭZȼͣ½ŲתԷ㡣
ǵˡԷΰˡ
มǭZȼͷҲûô
ǡ
ţ

ǭZȼҲ֪§ԷһѽԼĻͶ׼Ĵȥ
һԥˣ࣭ͷ
Ȼˣ࣭ͷʱ̣ܶһܶݵǣȴѾԷ㷴Ӧˡ
˫󣬲֪ڻζղŵǣ޷ԡ
ǭZȼԷķӦɴ˫ͨӺ⡣

ԷĴһǡ
ͣ롣
õˡҵĽ
лҪ˵
ϣ£
ǣĸ£ûаҶһ㣿
ȻһڴѾõĸף
ⶮ
ġ
Ӵ
СZθûӴհ
Ȼ˵һ£а˵Ϊˡ
ұʾֻҪǿ˵ģһӡ
ҶȵĳŵգҲΪ˲ϲҵģԾԲա



36 
һλ, εļƻ, Է˵һ, 
, Żһλܸ֪λԷСǷ䷽ǵŮ, һֶҵ
ڸոպü˷μƻʱԷüζ, λܿǿ, Ҳλ, ŹԷ֡
šAкʮֻʷҾãӦȶԸĺʮֻе, һһг, ˶ٻҪٻȻҲӦȥһ, ͬʱҪصļԱȥһ£Щ걨˵Ļ, Ƿ걨, Ѿ˲ܹõĳ̶ȡ걨Ҫ, һһ·ٽмҲȷĺʮֻŶΡŶȸߵ´οõŶȵ͵ģ´Ȼᾭϸƶȡ
Է̨ǰԼõPPTͱ, ٩٩̸˵Լ뷨
ġ
俴ԼҴŮݵӣ¶񡣲ҲûкԸղԷƵˣСεӰɣ
ž˵һ֮ԷһǰʮӲļһ¡
ոճűڽʱ򣬱Ҳڰô˵ȴû뵽ԺƵƵǭZȼĻ档
찡
С
ܹ롣
ܹ¡
ҲܹǭZȼ
Բܹˡ
ԽԽͷʹ
Է㲻֣Լչüͷ
ڵ顭Ҳ˵ã֮ǡܸӰɡ
ǰԷһֱãԼܶǭZȼǭZȼɳˣٰѱԼϱ¶Է밡ҲûϵǭZȼֻǳ˶Լ飬Ǽ£˶ǻɳģҪģһ˽ǭZȼ
ǽأ
ûзǼ飬ԺԺô˵Ժνô롣
ǭZȼһ̿ʼ
ԷͻȻԼƺôǭZȼˡ
֪Ϊʲô
Ǵʲôʱʼأ
ǭZȼϲ
ǭZȼ˵ŬԼϲ
Է졣
ǭZȼ˵ҪԼ飿
ԷЦ
뵽ԷԥˣϲǭZȼ˵ϲϲеǸϲһ
顭
ϲô
ͷʹѡ
ԷԼûа취˼ͻȻ֮䣬ȥ˼ûа취ȥжǭZȼ˵ĵ滹Ǽ١
ǭZȼϲԷ㣿
ļٵİ
жϵѾɥʧˡ
ǡǸʱ򡭡ǭZȼϣд棬һһ䶼ôһһֵӡԷϣôˡ
ΪǭZȼǣԷɴ۾ûǭZȼǣǸʱûиܵκεĸоǭZȼĺֻԼˣˣˣˣˡ
ô
ֺóص
һһأԷķϡ
üͷĸˣ֪Լ뿪Ȼ߳Уţ˳ôҵĶ֪
ʱԽҪȥ顣
ƫƫͺԣһҪϵð
㷳ҡ
˵Ǹܹʲô
ǡһô
Ů֮ǣİɣ
ɣ
ǭZȼ֮ĹϵǽءһõĹϵҪá
ԣʵҲûʲôġ
ɡ
Է㲻ɵҡҡͷ
ֵ̨ܽᣬȴһ仰Ҳȥ
ڣԷ棬ȫǭZȼҲֻǭZȼԼǸǡ
ǡ
֣ԼĴϡ
˵
֡ôϤĸоô£
ˡ
ǰ
ǸϡҲ
˵Ȼİ
ǭZȼ׿˵һǸϡԼšȷе˵ֹףǡ
ǡ
ЩϵأԼԺĻ棬ȫͨͨʵ˵顣
һĻĻǣǭZȼ
Է־÷
ôء
ôǭZȼأǭZȼôϲء⡭ǺһЦ
ϲ
ˡ
ϲ㡣
ңϲ㡣
ѹ֡ǭZȼ˵ϲ
ԭ˼
ԷȻΪöԽϲǡǡϲ
֡
֣
ģԼ
Էʶ룬һֺȻķӦһ㣬˴𰸡
顣

ǡϲô
С㡭С㣬С㣿Էļ
šԷʶ̧ͷȥǸ˭
ôһ˲䣬ڽСС㡱֣֡Է㲻òϣʧ
ǰĸ׷䣬ǭZȼģ
һУЦݵĿԼ
岻
ûûԷĴ
вɡ
Ҳ֪ǳʲôˡ
Ĳɡ
ոջǭZȼģˣ˷䡣ԷŻعǰȴ֡棬Ѿûˡ
ˡԼͷ֮⣬һˡ
û˯𣿡еʵԷ㣬Լİ칫ҡ
Ͼڻңô˵һʺϻҳĵط̸˽ǲôġ
ûСǡ˯ġܺáպȫ෴
Ĳ֪磬ǭZȼȥѧУ֮󡭡ˣˡ
ֹ磬ûа취˯һþ˰ɣ
Ҳ߶ˡ
ʳѰ
ոյǸ飬ֵĺܺá䲻ԴŮ佱һ
šлл衣ԷòںӦ
ɵӣԼŬɹԼлʲôЦЦ˸Է֣ģȻЦݣʵҲע⵽һ㣬ӻ鿪ʼ㰡Լ̨ʱȫע֮⣬ʱ˶Ĳɵ״̬ǲǷʲôˣ
֪ŮĪĸ
Ȼ
ûܷʲôԷ˵ЩǿȴΡ
ѵҪ˵ô
˵СŮ˴ŮาԣǣСŮ˴Ů
⡭顭Էô˿ڡҲ˵óڰ
ƭأࡣ
ǰɡ
ô֪ˣ
Ļ˵뿪ʼģһȥһİ칫ң㻹ûˣͬ£Ƕ˵ûп㡣ҾͲ㻹û绰Ҳûӣʹؼ˵һˣ˵ȼȼȥѧһֱû
ҹţӦµЩʱ䣬ӦѾ쵽ˣûٴ㣬´·ϻ¡ЦЦû˸ղŵ࣬ⲻ֪¶һ̣ԷĻˣ㿴ɣҾ˵ûɣ϶ΪȼȼɣȥѧУʱʲô
ʲôԷͫ׷Ŵ󣬡ܷʲôԷЦ׼Ǹʲô˼
㻹ҵʲôʱ򣿡Ҳûֵ˼ֻûЦݣʵҲûжֻ࣬ʳһƽͨĻֻ⻰ԷĶܾá鰡
ǡȼȼѧУʲô˰ɡʦ˰ɣд˹ģ֪ġ

Է˫۵ɴһҲԭ׵һ̫ˡ
ѵǣ
ǡǣҵ˼ǣ˵ˣ
ʦ˵ʲôʲôˣǭZȼȻ㣬ûзƤʱģСʱƤڡΪڡ
ȽϡҲǺʦôһ˵û˵ȼȼ˼ԷȻ磬άǭZȼ
ԣʦ˵ʲôˣ
ʦ˵ȼȼЩµûʲôѡֻѣûеƤҲûС
֪ˡͷûʲô飬ϲŭ
Է㻹ǭZȼЩʲôʱȴڰ֣˵Һ񶼻ؼҳԷġȼȼ˵ġ˵Һ㲻ҪӰൽ̫һȥԷ
ȼȼ˵ģʲôʱ򡭡˵ģ
Ϳɣҷһš
š
ˣæɣһεѡ񷽰Ȼܶ࣬ǾĿǰĽпܵľĵķķҲϣһúŬԷͷĸһ£ûŪͷҪĹѾˣʣҪͺˡ֪𣿡
Է΢΢һ㶣ȻЦ˵ҲǣΪĸ׸ŮһС˽ô
ȻǰЦˣЦȴôŵÿĵüæˣҲȥæʣµĹҲɰɡ
šлл衣
Էߺ󣬷¶ݡ
֣ԼüģȴȻûɢ
ǭZȼڸ߶м͸ˡ˵ףҲŲѡ
ʼջ̫СЩ
Ȼ˵ԼľԼҶЩ飬ǸʱӦΪǭZȼļ֡
ᶨִ
ǲòӦ
ĸǺܸˣҲǽںӿĿֵĻϣҪ󲻶ֻ࣬ϣԷǭZȼܹҸ֣Ķν
ԷڳˣҲҵʵϰˣܿԼĹֻҪķͨˣôԷС鳤ûˣԼҲῪʼȹλãҲԽط֣ȥԼ飬Ҫô䶼Ԥ
ǭZȼ
ĺͷû˵ʵȴʮֵǡԷһֵǭZȼĳ죬ͽСʱȴȥӴһЩӵ飬ĸı䡣
Ȼڡ
ķˡ
üȻһѡͷϵĹ˵ɣȻĻʲôҲûãòǰ׷ѡ
磶㡣
ǸԼĹһߣԷеĶࡣΪ˵ֻĹʵĴ󲿷ֹʵ䶼Ѿˡ
ԴˣԷ㲻ò̾һ䣬Ȼϵ
ͬʱԷҲϣܹĽǭZȼ֮飬Ȼ֪ӦôΪʲôҪû˼ֻ롭Ҫü֪Ϊá
ǡ
˵ǭZȼϢһؼҳԷ
ǡɺô
ǭZȼģ
Ǹϲ
Է̲סˣֻҪһ뵽ǭZȼԷԺͻðܶิӷҵ⣬ԴҪըˡ
Ǹϲ
ϲʲôġǭZȼҲûпڶ˵ѹûжԼ˵ϲʲôİ
һҪԼأ
˵Լˣˣأ
һء
ңǭZȼڴഺڰഺڵŮ֪Լʲôϲʲôǲϲ˵Ǵء
һء
һ
һҪء
Էֱ󺰣һôôûйȥĺۡ
ˡ
Է̧ͷȥƿţ˵Ĺ𣿡
ţˡ
ǺãؼҰɡڣǣǰԵңһԸոְִ绰ʲôʱȥأ˵ȼȼһҪһԡ
š
ǸոãԷͷ䵽ҵʱߵ㲻
һ˼ţߵʱԷǡĵ٣Լʲô֪һֱͷججľߵ˷
Է㲻ҿǭZȼ
˵飬Ϊ޷ȷԵһΣԷ㻹ܹǭZȼ۾ڡǵǾͷڽѣԼûѵĺܣǭZȼô
Է㵹ޱȵϣ˰ҪˣǸʱԴ㶺ˣԷǵûϲذǭZȼֱԼҪѡԼڵ޷ֱĿǭZȼǱԼడ
㣬㣿
лҪ˵
Ҹˣѣ
Ҳǹա
ֻңиҪ顭æ׼
׼ĲˣԳʱˡ
һڿأѣһǰȵġ
һͦߡŶ԰ȿµǣأ
ԺʱĻҹƶһ£
ԶдһЩݣҲԶ࿴һЩ
Ҽ


37 

ϴ֡

ԷʶȥǭZȼ, ԺʶʲôƵ, ״ĽĿƳһߡ
ֻǭZȼ˵, 趼ϴ, ôȥϴ֣þ, ҶӶ˵գǭZȼվ, ߵԷ, , һȥ
áԼȥͿˡԷ˵㶼, ϴֶ, ҪôڵǰأܲúǭZȼ̫롣
Ͼ
ǭZȼ˵ģܾ

, ܾǭZȼ顭
ޱİ
һѧһ
һȥǭZȼҲԷ˵ģȻԷ˼, 治ҪŻǼٲҪ, һ, ܣҪԷ㡣
ǭZȼ֪ڣԷһҡ
һ֪ӦǺðɣ
絽ڣҲżСʱ, ԷôǿҲô͡緢ɣ
٣ǭZȼôΪġ
԰Ŵ绰Լ˵ԷһؼҳԷ
ΪԷܻңĺûᡣ
ӦóšڡûᣬԷ˼ʱûС
ǭZȼԷ֣ǣһΪһʼڸĸǰԷ㶼ûһ븸ĸ߿ʼԷͿʼʹҪ͵͵ĽִǭZȼ飭
ǭZȼԤ֪һƺ뷨ȫĻᣬֻǽץס֣ôϷſ
ˡԼϴ־ˡ֮ǣڿԷ˰ɣ
šǭZȼͷȻɿ֡
治ϲָо
ԷִԼУ飭ˣоôһ˲䣬еΪʧ䡱ӵ
ȱʧʲôƵġ
ƺԷ֣Ӧñһֱǣһ
Է΢΢ӣˮϴ֣ȴܾñյûţһߣԱյ̡
ϴְˮҪˮˡˮˮأǭZȼǰ˿أˮصģڣŵˮԺ󣬹ˣڣ°°ť
Է㶵ģǭZȼߵԼ
վԼԣȴԼһֻץסԼ֣ˮʪγһԼƣȻմȡϴҺԼĭԼϣԼֱ֣ģȻٴĵֱ
ǭZȼӣǰ
ʶһʱԷŷ֣ԼĿתĶǭZȼ
ǭZȼڸԷ֣ϴҺĭ

ıɣԼǸء
ԷǭZȼԺ󣬻ǸʲôأӺͯһŮ
ɲô
ǭZȼˣѾûʲôˣСʱģѾͣǷ
ͷˡǰǳͷСһΪøûʲôʱȥһͷĶ̷Ե˵ӷ㡣
Ҳøͦ۽ëһС󶼺ܳ
䵹ǱǰЩСʱǭZȼĶ䶼ССģĸо֮ǣԷÿοĶ˶鷢һ־úÿɰĸо
ڡġ
ǡ
͡
͡

Լ촽ഥ
ʲôоأ
ǵáǣģģеɸɵģһ㡭ζ
ݼ㣬˵ɣ
ݼ㡭
ȵȡ
һ¡
ղţʲô
ԼǭZȼǵôոڻԼǭZȼǵĹô
ѵ˵
ڻǸǣҡƺڡǸ𣡣
һֱʲôǭZȼתͷԷ㣬۾ĴģһֿѵǾã̫ÿѾƲ۵ĵزô
Էɴ˫ۡ
١
áš
ȴΪǭZȼԴǣʱŸȫޣȡ֮ŭͲм˵ʲôʲôƲۣʲôʱ˭ôˣС˵Щʲô
ҡ
աաô
ʹʹʹʹǭZȼһֻ䣬Էסˣʶľȥס֡
ߡ֪˰ɡԷʶӿʶԺŷ֪֮ǵĶ
ǡ

ǰʱ򡭡ġǡ޼ģ֮޲ĶС
ǭZȼûô࣬б˾ռ
סԷ֣ԷҪ룬һЩɿ֡
Էӡ
óҲס
νɿԷ֣ҲǿұķʽոССʧġ
ǭZȼ˫֣һΣ׵ĽԷȦԼĻ§סأ϶
ֿĸһЩ΢΢ͷ
ֻҪǰһ㣬ܹԷӡ
롭ҧһڡ
ơڱŮһ
ǭZȼڻеԷ㣬ѾˣԼԷԼĶߣѾʲôˡ
ý
롭ý
ǭZȼĺԷϡ
ڡʲô
ǭZȼסԼôôơ

ȵȣʣʺԼǭZȼ֮ĹϵôǭZȼ֮
ۿǭZȼԽԽ룬ƺҲյԽԽԷһģƿǭZȼ
ǭZȼڱƿһ˲䣬ǾһԤ֮еĸо֪ûôףҲΪ˲һԷֿĳ̶Ȱɣ
ǲϲǲ룿
ǡ
У
ǺߵĻͺˡ
ǡǺߵĻ
Էƿˣ㵵ȴ֪ԼΪʲôķӦ
ûôԴǭZȼ
ڡǱӦӦáӦϴʾܾǭZȼģǵĽɣ
ǶԵġȷġ
ɡ
Է벻֪룬ǭZȼЩССʧ䡣ȴ̲ס
ߡ߰ɡԷ뿪ֻǭZȼһӰ΢΢ͷǭZȼı飬Ҳ飬Ҳϴˡ
ֻǡ
ĺô
ӱܡ
һֱӱߡ
ֻǵһ죬ӱûϵǡԺأ
ôʲôǭZȼ˵ţŸһԷ֣һ¡
ԷߣǲǭZȼĻҲӦģ˫ȴͣ
عͷѾ˱飬ƽġ㡱ģ޶£һݵؿ˵ôˣ
ǭZȼӣҲѾƽ飬Էһ˺֮ľ룬㿴
ʲô
֮䣬Զһǻߵ
ʲô˼
ǭZȼһԷѾ˰˷֣ȴԾװȫӣĬͳ϶һֱĬϣģΩмװɵ
ҵ˼˵ǭZȼЦЦװɵ
ȻĬ˺ü룬һ㣬ŲŻؿ˵ӵ֮ľжԶһǻߵǧɽˮ߹һ·
һ䣬ǭZȼѾûЦݣǱʮֵ棬עԷ۾վǻߵߣվǰô

ô
㣬ô
ף
ǭZȼһѾ˵ô¶ǣԷγףֺγܲأ
ôһգգĿԼֻ˵ڴĻش
˵ǰܹӱܣ治ԸϣǭZȼ˵ĲഺŮʵĸо
ôأ
ոյһڵڸס
ֻǲһȷأϲ㡱
˵ЩѾԺ͡ϲ㡱ĸֻϵȺˡ
Էˡ
ĸ֣ǭZȼȴû˵ԷǵãǭZȼ˵˵ֹһΣֻԼһֱ浱Сûˡ
վվǰ
Լ
Ȼء
Էôء
ӦôǡʲôӦϣ
Щ飬Щӵ⣬Է붼룬Ѿ֪˴𰸡
ȥԷɡ
ԴǳصľܾǭZȼԸǭZȼϣΪ¶ʧı顣
ǣȴǡ
ԡ
ܹӦ
ӰɡʱӰɡ
ţð
ȻǭZȼȴû¶Էеʧı飬෴أ൱ƽ
ƺԼҪ侲ӣ
ԼǰԵøӻһЩ
ǭZȼַԷϣ·ˡ
Է㿴ǭZȼģ²׼˼֪˿ôģǭZȼûоȣûеʧ䣬ѵͲµĻشô
֪ûнΪʲôҪ˵أ
ʱǭZȼһεĴӶֻƽƺ˵ƽʲôһ֪ĿԣҲܾҵԭԣûйϵҲ⡣Է·Ȼ˵ҳ磬Ӧкһһ졣
ʲô㡭Էʶ뷴
ȴòϣոǭZȼ˵ģôһ˲䣬İԵĳ죬ԼеĶ
޷ȷһеĸоܲȷΪĶ
ǭZȼʳָסԷ촽ֹ˵ĻֻЦЦȻ֣ʮָۣˡ߰ɡȥԷɡְ軹ڵǣҳٳûлȥǸõȼ˰ɡҲɣ㣿

ԷҧͷǭZȼʲôʱôˣȫͬյǸСڻѵľһǸĻŮӣȫֶ֮У
̧ۣǣԼǰĺӡ
ӡ
Ѿˡ
Ͳˡ
ıӰѾԼҪߴˡ
ʱǭZȼܵĵ뷨һ㣬عͷ˵ʵҲͦõġ߱׳ҾͿԱˡ
Էû˵ûлش𣬾õĻش
ǭZȼ֪ԷķӦҲֻԼ˵˵ֻعͷȥ·Է߻˷
ôȥôãʵ
ޡ㰡СһϴֶϴɾǭZȼɿԷ֣׼ȷ˵Է֣Ծ͵ϴɾ
˵꣬ǭZȼ⿴Էһۡ
һʱ֮䣬Է㲻֪ôشܲ˵ǭZȼŰϴֵĻᣬϷԵ˺һʱɣ
ֻõͷĬĬصͷǳǭZȼ˵ǡ
յǭZȼĿʱݺݵءǭZȼȫʵҲǿģΪ˱־롣
Է㶼ĬĬԣ˵Ҳʧȥ٩٩̸飬ֻڷ˵ʱżڻش𼸾䣬ǭZȼᣬϼ仰Է˵ֻԷ
ֻԷΪ칤̫˵ĹϵҲʾ⣬ûдԷ㡣
˸һЩʱ
ǭZȼǺһϴ˾Էķ꣬ȵԷϴԺ󣬿ľǭZȼѾĴϣıˡ
ʵϴ䣬ԷѾˡ
ϵʱǭZȼ᲻Լһ˯
ĹˣԼӦӦüӦ
һ𣬻Ǿܾ
ȻԡҿǭZȼһ̣ԼĵһȫǶ࣬ڶ⣬˴𰸡
졭Ҳ̫ԷĿڱĵطԼķ˯ɡ
ԵǭZȼôأЩ֪֮ģҲ൱˽Է㡣
԰
ȻԷװɵҲװɵ¡
װɵ˭ᰡ
ҪװҵȻҲװף
ûϵĴô˯˴´ˡԲõġԷǭZȼĴ˫˴Ǹܺõɣң㲻˵㲻ôҪҹѹܣһܹչչ㣬㵹ˮΪԿҩ˵ô䣬ůء
ǭZȼ
ԷǸܿɰԵãȥĶˣ
ʲôʱôͷˣ
ʲôʱôˣ
ԷǸ
Ҫ΢Ц
Ц˵һˣԼ˯˰ɣ
Gô찡
Լķ䣬ͺˡ
ҵĴﰡ
ҵĴ
ҷŴöû˯ˣɾ࣬ǻġ
ܡÿ춼˴ɨ
ҡ
СԼķ˯
ǡðɡ
ǭZȼûޣվֲ
ðɣһκˣ
Ҫ㲹ˡ
һΣûⱧҪһͷɣ
ǣǭZȼվ߹Էߵʱ򣬿ٵĴһ¡
һ
С
Ȼͷٵ뿪ˡ
ֻ·Է㡣
ֱƤ
лҪ˵

£Ҷȵİ
ΪΣҵİˣô١
ðݺðݲҼµĶ㡣
˵һûյûرϴָһ
ǿԴϼ
һ൱ڹƣҶమȣⶼǰİ
һȷŷ£µʱ滻
ôô
˯


38 
໡໰ǭZȼ͡
ûʲô, ԴԷ˼, Լķ˯Ժ, û˯ù
⼸춼, 
ǭZȼʾǺҪصԷĴȥ, ȻԷȴԸָɾܾ
磺
ͻȻһ˯, ᱻ
֮ǾǭZȼ, ҪԼķ,
ҲˣҲô㡱
ûֱ˵ǭZȼԼ˯, ܾ˼ȴ൱ԡ
ǭZȼҲûװɵ, ûзֻʵֲԷ㰡
Լڵ̬ˡ
ԴԺ, Լ̬˺ܴĸı䡣
ԭΪԼηףԭΪԼδܹ˵ڵĻ, һ, ԼȻĹ, עԷ˵ϲ㡣
˵Ժ󣬲ŷ֣ʵĸֲôݣҲô˵ڡ
ֻǡǰǰ̫ų̫С, Ҳһʼ޹Է֮ĽùϵֻΪԼĵС뺦£Լİһ
һ¸ңһʼҲǱװĶѣʵ澿ܹٵʼǭZȼԼ֪
ֻһֽϻѡ
ȷû
ڣѾͬˡ
ûصǰĸޣѡǰòͬһ·Ҳţһոµĵ·֮ϣջӭһոµĽ֣һոµԼ
ǭZȼ̯ģԼơء
ǵСʱԷԹԼ̫СˣʵڴݳԼΪԼʵ̫СЩ
ء
ָ޳ָڷ
սƣǭZȼһ˲䣬·סС
Է㡣
ڵѾˣֻ»һô򵥣ӹȥıʹ֮УһոµԼ
ΪˣõԼ
ҽǾǰŸ˵ġϲ㡱Է˵ˡ
ʱţ£
ɻӿڳһ̣ûкڡ
ôһΡ
ǲܹ˵
Է֮䣬ҲܹӭͬĽ֣
ǭZȼ䣬ҲֻΪţǰ·¶ĿЦ
ԭûԷⱧǭZȼӦòŹһлģȥĥӲݵӦԼҪġ
ʵ̫æһЩ
Է㣬æ
ԷæǭZȼæѧҵ
˵ˣԷڻûأԼ׵ʲôģԲæǼæǭZȼҲȥʱһЩʱ䣬ټԼҲȷûжٿʱȥ˷ѡ
ϾǸ߶ҡٹþҪˡǭZȼôĿôںǱϾǸǰļ仹Ŀڡ˵ϻͬѧѭѭյʦΧ֮գǭZȼò
ѵԼҪǰһķʱô
Ҳܹ÷̫ѿɣܵڣваɣɲÿ
˵ԷðݡܹܲԷ㶪ɣ
ȻԷܹģǭZȼͬԣңʤС
ҪΪԷĽ
ǭZȼҪΪۺʱںεԷǰǭZȼֵʱ򣬶ܹԷ㣬ĵģе
뵽ǭZȼſʼ¶ЦݣҲûóֽʲôģֱд£
һΪĽġ
һ
ԡ
ϣǭZȼص˵ͷҲûвǿʼͷڸֲο麣֮С
ֻϣȫǸŸĲο飬һȫѾĹйۺ۵飬һȫµģó򲻾õġ
һߣԷҲͷһļ֮С
ǭZȼǸҪȥôΪʱ䶼ûС
æ
æ
֮ǰĺʮֻᷢİѾˣʵĹȫȨˣͬСɣһⶼܻۣԱǳСģҲԷʱСĴӵÿһ衣
Ҳ֪ǭZȼôˡ
ǭZȼ˵ʱľȫģȫ෴һغϵʱ䶼ûС
ЩԷ㶼ҹæ꣬Ȼ賿ŵңǸʱϴԺѾˣǸʱǭZȼҲѾ˯ˣڶ糿ǭZȼȥѧУԺԷ㻹˯ԷȥǭZȼѹҲڼˡ
ֱڡ
˵Է㲻òԼȷҪǭZȼ뷨ҲаûкúõһԷ̸ˡ
Ҳ֪Ǿø˻ǡ
ǡ
Ҫ
һ뵽ԷŷԼˣеļҲ֪ĸطˣ»ʲô©ҡҡͷǭZȼԼԺ˦ȥͷļ֮Уͷ
Ҳ֪ΪʱðԼûǭZȼ黹ô£ԷһĹٶȸּӿ죬ȸ̣Խڸˣ֮ǰ˼ҡ
ƿŵһ̣˵ԷԼĹľͿʼӯһ֣޷ȥȷҲ˵ǡȥ塣
ҲΪԼĹٶȱ˶еİɣҲΪ˽ĹȣҲΪܹؼң
Ҳ
ҲҲ
ҲΪԼ
С˰ƽ̶ƶʱǼĻӦӶֵ࣬Թ˻ؼҵʱöԸҹҹ﷢ʲôҲ˲иӦӦģҹӶˣнˮҲ֮ǡ
š
ҪҹϴˮѾպˣҪϴҲԡӶ˹˵
ȼҲаûнй˰ɣûйʲôʱ򡭡ǭZȼ֮䣬ôİˣ
Сأ˯ô
شСĻСڣʱϴ¥ʹСûУʲôʱŻ
ʮడԷ룬ظʱʱԼһ˿ǲǾͽʧ䡭
Ȼأô˵ġ
´ŵС㹤û߶ţֻС˵Сʱ䣬һ
šԷͷûЩʲôҲûʲô飬֪ˡҲóҹֱȥ˯ˡȥæɡ
ǣС㡣
ԷŰ¥ճһִֻԼļ򣬺ۡ
ǭZȼķʱ򣬿ķ滹͸Ź⣬š
ԷҲ֪Լôģߵǰƿš
ΪǭZȼû˯ȴѾڴ˯ˣֻûйصƶѣԷ㿴ǭZȼ˯࣬ЦˣȻ鱲ӡϵ鱾ҵĽţ߹ȥ鱾
Ƚ鱾ԺԷ㿴ˣ֮ǰϵģǭZȼ⡣
д
һΪĽġ
һ
ԡ
ʵһ䣬ǭZȼԭдˣȴֲˣԷѭŲĺۼſԲ³ԭʲô
Ϊҵġ
̶̵ʮ֣ûûдţκ˵ֶûУֻҡ
ҡ
Է֪ǭZȼдЩ˼
˵Ӧôģ֪ǡڿ⼸ֵʱֱģǭZȼ˵Լ
ôŬΪô
ôĲο顭
Էֳһÿһҳйĺۼ
ϣԭλתͷǭZȼ˯ŵӣζӳ¡
ôŬԭôŬԭ򡭡ȻΪô
ҡ
ô
ԷôţǭZȼĶһǡ
ҪΡ
лҪ˵
¡
˼⼸һֱæŻͼûܸ£Ͽ컭Ĳ˲ųʱ֡
һҾȥһͼ
꽻֮û⣬ܰѸ¸ˡ
Ȼ֮ǰ˵Ķûһȷġ
ȥͼ


39 
, ǭZȼһΡ
һ, ȴһ˲, ʲôǵ, ŲζѣҲûǿԼ
ֻ, ͷ֮ϣеʪʪĸо, ִһ, ȴûʲô쳣Ժ, ֱڷŵ鱾ԺвȻ
ǵ, Լ˯֮ǰ, ϻģټԼӶ˶нԼ, Լڷʱ򣬲ſ˽ɨ
ô˵ĻҲǡ
ϡ

Ҳ˵ϵǼҲˣ
, ̹Ȼ
Ҳá
Ҳ֪, , Ҳʲô°
һ㣬ǭZȼû뵽ԭΪԷĹǶ棬ô˵Ҳù˸ʲôģȻԼȥװʲôԷŻ
ڵʱ, ԤҪҡʽԷ㷴ǡˣ
ǭZȼãǰߵĿԸ
ȻԷˣôô˵Ҳûؾؾǣ
ϵο飬ǭZȼֻһۣѾ˾
ο飬ԷҪ
ţǭZȼ͡ʰöȥѧУˡ
֪ԷæȲæǼæĻģǭZȼҪһʱ˯Է㡣
ǰ˼ɣΪԷ㻹һѧѾһˣԼһ԰ǭZȼãԼҲҪúüˡ
ǭZȼ뿪ûãԷҲѹˣѾγˣڶѵıȽ硣ڻ趨ʱ䣬ҲصӣֻǱԼ˫ȣڴϺһڷֱ𴲡

ԷԺ󣬲ֱ𴲣ڴţſʼ˯ϴ
ܾãտյġ
ʲô
졭ʵǽˣϾ賿ʱġ
ǭZȼŬΪԼôô
ԷԺ֮лص仰ȴ֪ԼҪĵĸ𰸡
ϣǣҲ˵òȥǭZȼϲ顣
ϣǣ֡֡
ͷʹ
ͷʹԷԼ֪ٶȹš
ôٶȹԭ֪ô
Էһֱ֪ǭZȼ㣬ҲûпǭZȼģֻǡǭZȼԺ֪Ӧ۹ȥעǭZȼƫƫǭZȼֻʱʱܽԺ档
ÿǭZȼģԷ㣬ɵûһǶȥǭZȼ
ǭZȼŬԭǲΪԷ㶼áԼѾ޷ӱȥˡ
Ѿ޷ټӱǭZȼˡ
ڣԺܿٶűƽĹǴô
ԷЩ뷨ǭZȼȫȻֻ֪ǾˣԼԷӱܵʱѾˣȻԤϵʱҪһЩ˵ﻰʵһһ룬ǭZȼܡ
ȻԷһҲԷǸʲô˼ǴӦǾܾӱܣǭZȼվԭزԷͷˡ
ٸʱ䡣
ҲԷ֮ľ̫ԶһٲȻһôʣµľʮŲ
㡭ԷܹӦġֻԼ֮һҲǺõġ
һǭZȼǽ˿γ̣еۣȴ̲ס˷Է飬䡢Ȼֻ׶ͷҲײô
ӲϰǭZȼȨֻǽûؼңǿճʱ䣬ѡȥ䣬ȻĿĹ䡣
߽鱦ǰһҷװ껻һ·ϾУ߽ȥô˵Ҳ̫ãҲĿ
ϧǣǭZȼһ㣬պĺãһϽ֣Ŀ
ɲ˵ô
ãʣʲô԰ģΪ̨Сǰ鱦
áԼͺáǭZȼҪԼ˵ǾҪ鱦أأĻǲ˳ҲһأҪĻǲҲӦ˳㡭ָʲôء
⣬أ򲬽ء
ǭZȼǸᰡ
ĿŵƷͷβѡһʼͿе
Ʒ죬ȴʧˣмŵһģҲ߷أ˵һ˰ɣ
ҪһҰɡ
õġҪдһſƬŽȥ𡣡
á
ǭZȼӹ̨СݹĿƬ˼˺һŸ±ʡ
һΣܻ䣬Ҳڵд£
ҵġ
ҵġ
㡣
ҵġ
ҵġ
ôǿҵռ
ǣϲҲϣԷܹϲ
װԺǭZȼص˵ͷˢ˿߳ǰһ۲еһöģųŵֵĽָ
ȻûгһӣǭZȼۻ˵һöǵĽָȻڡʱ̫һЩû취ͳȥԺܻὫöָ͸Էģ԰ɣ
ܻлġ
ԺǭZȼԼ򳵻˼ңΪȷԼ飬Ը˾
ʣµģֻҪһŻؼ˰ɣ
죬ܶȡ
ͷԷ㣬ʵͷʣµҪĿļѾˣĹٶȣһĿʮУԼҪþˣǻʣһʱȴɵ÷ٶȡ
ȥô硭ĺ𡭡

ԷֿʼѡǭZȼϲԼ飬ôƱءҪһӦ
ȷ״̬£Է㣱ൽ˼ҡڴ򿪼ŵһ̣ҲֻԼ֪ɡ
С㣬˰ô簡ҪԵʲô𣬽СóϲԵĻع⡣
ȻɡԷӻе춼ûôԹȼȼء
С㰡
ûϵֱ˵Ϳˡ
Сڳ
ڳʲô
⡭С㲻˵
ԷͷҲûӶˣ֪϶ǭZȼԸǲ׼˵ԷҲûȥֱԼȥ֪ˣ
ѰһߣȻߵȥ
ǭZȼڡӣŲԡٴսһ㿴ɣ
ʱ䲻ģǭZȼǸо˹ͷȥԷ㡣
˰
ˡ
šԷߵߣӶô

˳ƽӹǭZȼеĹȥȰɡҲˣһ㣬ǭZȼһ԰ɡ
šǭZȼȻǴӦˣǲûԷĻȥվһߣԷ㡣
˵ʲôġҲԷģȻԷӲ³Ҳ־ˡ
оǭZȼû߿һֱվԼߣһעԼĿ⣬ΪҡǲҪģǡ̫ˣֳȵĸо·ҪԼյԼԷûסͷȥǭZȼͷȴнζһֱʲô
ûаУڿòðǭZȼʲôʱôˡ
㡭
ɣҶˡʵǭZȼôֻе㻳ζѡ
ȥõҡ
á
һΣǭZȼȥ˷Ȼ󡭡һԼķ䣬
˰ɡԡԷܾ˶˹ԼԶ浽
ţҲ԰һ𡣡
Էͷ
ó𡣡
óԡ
ǭZȼԷʲôóԡ
Է΢Ц
Է϶һʱԡ
ˣǶûܼһ棬ͬסһ֮£һ棬һŰسһ棬ôѣô֮ס
䣬ǭZȼͻȻ˵졭ǲǽҵķ䡣
Էԣһ٣Ȼһû˵Ҳϡ
㲻˵Ҿ͵Ĭˡ
ϵҲõİɡǭZȼЦЦǡϵǼ֣һҲ˰ɣ
ȡԷǺˣǣǭZȼĺĺ
ġ
ȣȿȡǺˡ
ǭZȼϵ˱ˮԷ㡣
˵˰ɡԷˮ
ã˵ǭZȼ
͸ġǭZȼóݵԷǰ
ʲôԷҲûô࣬ʵ
򿪿
ԷͷȻ¿ӣùӴóһϸķСӡ
ɫġ
һһ
һСƬ
ҵġ
Էաಡһͺյշȡ
Ļڲϵظ仰
ҵġ
ҵġ
ҵġ
ʱûȵԷ㷴ӦʱǭZȼսԷһЩ§ͷĶӡһǣæ棬Һ㡣Ȼ֮󡭡ҲæһˣһСɣ
촽˵һǾ仰ġҵ˼ġǭZȼ΢ЦһڱصõӣҵġҲǣҲǡ
˸ԷգҪҡ
лҪ˵
¡
ҵȥϰˡ콫ʷԵһ졭
СZİԵûĶ
һ»ʲôأ²¿


40 
תۼ, ôһ, ͹ȥˡ
ǭZȼѾˡ
вһµʱ, Ҫ׼߿ˡ
Դ֮ǰԷԺ, Է㶼ǳĬû֮ǰ顣
ǭZȼʣ, ΪûбҪ׷̫ӱ˽⵽Է㵱ʱæ, ɵĺ, Ȼ쵼ӡӷ, ټǭZȼԼҲúæΪѧѧҵҪæ֮, ڲ, ҲЩҪ
Է㣬ǭZȼᣬôȻûбҪȥ, Ͼܹܶ಻ҪΣҲҪȥӦǭZȼ
ǭZȼ, Ͳ˵
ǴʲôҲ, ԷﶼЩо, ǭZȼ֮䡭
ܡ
ΣҲ޷صǰĹϵˡ
Ĵ𰸣ǾܾҲȻһԤУǭZȼƶӦ
Է㡭ĸоԺ, ԺоȻðˡһ


ǭZȼһˣô
ᡭ롭ͨô
ȵԷعʶԼȻʱе¡
ʼ££¡
ǣԷ㿪ʼȫĵͶڹ֮УĻˣģϵõԴ˷ǳ⣬ҲؼҸǭZȼΪԷףһ
ҲԴԷյʼǭZȼͻȻйƤһҲûʲôһĶˣһǰĹɣһʱ䣬Է㶼Լǲǵ֢Щ飬ǭZȼ˵ϲԼԼ֮飬ԼĻѡ
ôԺԷִһ
þˡ
ǭZȼֿ˯ԺҲкܳʱˣҲһ˰ɣտʼǭZȼˣˣǳҪԼԼ˵ҪԼһ˯˺棬û˾˰ɡ
ҲҲǡˣʶ⣬ԲҪ
ǣȶȣ
ȶȡ

Էôһڴϣͷ˫֣컨巢Ųͷߵλá
ǲϰ߰ɡ
ϰһ˯
ϰ߿ճһλá
ϰûǭZȼ
ϰߡ
Ҳһϰ߶ѡ
лϰϰߵһ졣
վôһ졣
ǭZȼҲǰ׿ʼڣô˵һС
ˡ
ô
ţǰʲôϲϲģֶǭZȼĲɡ
ҡоֶ˵û˾ûˡ
ҲǻָǭZȼǰദ״̬ѡѡ
Ӧġ
ԷһƽˮӣʵѲӿ
˰ɡ
Է̾һ棬һۣΪԼΪǭZȼΪ֮䡣
ҡҡͷЦɵԼô뷨ءҲ̫Ц˰ɡ
ڣˣοӹأֺο࡭ȥһЩûн顣
˯£ϴԺ󣬴ȥԸ緹ʵӦ緹ˣڶѾʮˣȻԵе粻Ҳ¿
ɣ˵Ҳδ̫ɺһ£Է¥ȥԷͿǭZȼڷϣһ˳š
˹
á
ҲǼһĽ
šá
㡣˰
šԷͷ˹ȥվǰ£أҲô
С㣬ҪԷôͻͣڶСһԵӶ˿Էˣǰѯʡ
ԡ
ǣС㡣Ӷ˱ȥԷԵĶȥˡ
ţǰɡǭZȼش
Էͷû˵ʲô
о롣
ôˣ
ǰ޻̸ǽãѡ
ء
Ĭ
ԵĳĬš


ȴޱȵĬӦһģͬʱڣ³ֶһģһ
ǭZȼԷһ㶣һЦͬʱ˵˵
СZȰɡþûôйˣڡټķֻˣŷ
С㡭һæɣǭZȼ׽Ű࣬滮һȦһȦ۾ȴûжԷ㿴
ţðɣһֱǸӰ
˵Сڳģڵλֺܺã㾭ֵ飬ɵĺܳɫǭZȼЦЦοһ㣬̧ͷעԷ۾˵Ժ󣬳ĵġ
Էһ㶡
ûɵġ
Ϊʲô
ǭZȼ⣬ͷ˵ΪС㰡Ϊеģ⡭ʲô𡣡
ûСԷͫʧƵƮһ仰ûʲô
ҰԺСôͺˡϾҲ֪ԼδᷢʲôǰȻͬҲ֪ԼʲôӣΪһʲôˣʲôĹ˭һ
ġСZһᣬģڣһֱ㰡ԷǭZȼĵ꣬㳯¶ЦݣοҲԼ˵˻ѻʲôģ⻰ǰοǭZȼҲȷĻ
棬ǭZȼȷһֱ㡣
ǭZȼԴ˲ÿɷֻǣǳЦҲ֪Էİοѹš
ǡСZءԷ㳶⣬Ը֮ձøӳء
ң
԰߿Ҳû˰ɡô𣿡ԷǭZȼǭZȼȴԷԼҪӽŵӡ
ŰǭZȼЦ
ҿӣһҲŰԷ㷢ǭZȼˣðҲϷŪǲǣ
ǭZȼȥץ֣ըëв֪ȤӶ˹ֻñԭ
С㣬ʱǶСϲԵ𼦽ѼΪԷ˵ʲôӶҲ֪ôѡ񣬲֪һ㣬ǾǴСһ۶С㣬ֻҪóСϲĶСôҲ˵ϲ
šԷʾ֪ˣȻû¶ʲôϲɫ¶Цݡ
ӶԺԷ˵㵨ǰɡ
ûǭZȼŵӿԷЩԷʶĺˣϴǭZȼҲȻ󱧹Ķͷ顣
ǭZȼ㲻Ϊˣ԰ɡ
ԭΪǭZȼҪʲô족飬ȴʱɲס˳Էû뵽ģһ̣Ҳ֪Լһǡڴ˿գš
ͺ˸ԻԼķ䣬ûٶ˵ЩʲôûǰʱȴȴǰĽ䵭
ǭZȼæԽԽæԷҲæֻڡѹǲ֪Լæʲô
ѵõϢǳ˴ڷ棬ԼȻ¿˯˯ûȥæһգۼ˴ϡ
ǰ
ôĹô
ô
Է㣬ǭZȼɾûôˡ
æææѧҵæ
Сæŷա
֪δܻᷢ飬Է㣬ڸĸǲ֪Լġ
ĳɼAӦǲģûȥAǰʱɼҲAķ̫ߣȥ˱еһѧ˵ҲAȻѷɫ١
ȥAҪȥĸϵѡʲôרҵءͬרҵʲôͬ顣
ܶ飬ͬѡ񣬾вͬĽ֣ΪǭZȼ֪ʲôѡʲôĽ֣ſš
ռ˵ӦȥãڡɡҪô
ǭZȼ¡
¡Լڡ
£ܶ顣
ܹһ˼飬ᣬŸ޷ȥѡ񣬹Լ顭ʵڡ׼
һѡأ
һȷķأ
ѡ
Էص飬ôǭZȼһ̾д𰸣ڡ¹Լ
ǭZȼ޷ȷԼѡ񡭡ɵδһУ׻᲻Էйҹ
Ϊûлˡ
ǭZȼһֱΪţšƫƫֽЩӵһ𣬷Ӳֳ
ԷȻҲ޴ӵ֪ټЩҲء
ֱϵʱֻһڼң仹û㱾ŶʮТϹԭȥĵλͳԵȥˡ
ǣֻʣԷǭZȼˣڳԷʱԷƳǭZȼĲԾ
ˣһĲɵӡ
ôԷôԷȫǭZȼķ񰡡
һ춼ڷԷȷˣʲô
ûСûʲô飬ϰʲôġǭZȼشĺܼ򵥡
ûʲôطҪȥȽϿգȥȽϿաŹ֡
ԷȻһӣҲͱ֮ǰ΢ôһ𣬸æĻǵæ
óǭZȼûʲô£ҲܾûǭZttȼһȥˣԴʼ֮󣬲ǭZȼȻٵҲȲΪѧĺٰԴԷ㿪ʼʽ𣬾ûôǭZȼһȥˡ
ûаɡǭZȼûʲôȥ棬ûʲôرȥĵطһҲҪȥĵط֮⡭ǭZȼԷ㣬ޱ飬ϿʼЦݣζ
Է㿴ϽЦݵǭZȼһʵ
š㡭֪𡣡ǭZȼȥץԷ֡
ˡǭZȼס֣ԷֱµǭZȼҪ˵ϷŪĻˣ˫۲ע״ε˵žܾĻҡͻȻ֪ˡ
ǣ˵ǭZȼԷ֣ŷûˣԼԷֹϣѹסԷ۾ãſͣȥĵط

ġ
Էգᡱһ¾ͺˣʲô
ǭZȼ˿װɵ㶣ǽŽߣһ¡
ģԷҪ޳
һֱǭZȼһģǭZȼһֿͻΪ˼ȻйĶ
ôǭZȼǡ
ʲô
˵ǭZȼڡʲôλã
ǣҲֻܵΪֹ˰ɡ
ԷվҲΪͻȻվ̶ǭZȼ
ҳԺˡ˵꣬Է뿪ˡ
ԱȣǭZȼ⣬෴ģֻεЦЦֻԷǺˣϾԷΪʲôӦ
صԼķԺԷ㲻ٸԼʱ˼룬ǿʼæĹʹϢ
ֱҹÿļЩˣվ˸Ĵߣ
һһ۱㿴ǭZȼķţ͵⡣
һʱ֮䣬ֿʼ
֮ǰʱӶ˲֪ġ
Էϴѧڼ俪ʼǭZȼֻܹԼһ˯˯ʱһҪŵƣ飬ǭZȼ⽻ӶˣҪ˯ʱصơ
ǰµĺ֢ɡ
ûԷ㣬ǭZȼͺһˣºڣѹʱ򣬷һƬڣڷһжǼٵһ£룬ǭZȼе־塣
һ˵ķ䡣
Ǻڰ
ǵ
Էܾ˼һŴǭZȼֻûصԼķ䣬ÿ˯ŵơ
ԷȻ֪ǭZȼôӵֻǶٶܵûаȫ顣
ƿţǭZȼԭû˯ǱŴߣڵذϾطҲ֪Щʲô
СZ
ţ
ԷߵǭZȼҲ
ǭZȼȣͷôˣ㻹û˯

     šСZأôҲ˯
ҡ˯š
£ԷսЩ
ǡɡǭZȼûٿԷתͷǰ
Ϊʲô
֪ǭZȼ֪Ӧô˵
Է֪£Ȼʲôû˵ҲǭZȼ֣һ§סļͷԼļͷ
һ¡˵ԺԷԼš
ǭZȼĬ˺ܾãѵõĿ
û뵽ԷҲԵһ氡
Һܺ¡
ʲô
ȥA󡣡ǭZȼ¶£Ҳ֪Ӧѡʲôרҵ֪ҽӦЩʲôҲ֪ܹʲô֪ûȥϲҪµҵʲôҶ֪
Է΢üͷû˵ϸ˵УǭZȼĺ¡
ɻ
Ρ
޴롣
ķŭ
ԷͨͨܵˣǭZȼһֻ֣ȥҵǭZȼ֣ץסʮָۣʱʱôĴָĦֱ
ûʲôܹеһ˲ĳ嶯Ҫȥɵ飿ԷǭZȼЦ㲻ûϲ飬ֻǻû뵽ѡ
Сء
ţ
ΪʲôҪһ
⵹ǰԷסˡ
ʵʲôΪʲôءֻԷĸҵ̳ܵУ̲򵥣ڵĵλɽҲ´࣬ѵĸһ档
ԷֻѡܹǭZȼߵĸ˳ûʲô谭ĵ·ѡ
лͷޱĸĸһļңֺ۰ǭZȼϣģҲǭZȼܹһ֡
Ҫһ֡
Է㲻ûȥѡֻǶ˵Ҫѡֻһѡ
ҰԷתͷ΢΢£ǭZȼһ˫۾ΪҾʺҵ顣
ءҲӦѡ񡭡ʺҵô
㵱ȻáֻҪԷ˶٣ճһֻǭZȼıͷ㰡ֻҪȥκҪȥͿˡڻûҲûϵǿһȥҵ
šãǭZȼ¶Цݣֻ§סԷĻ
ȻǹǡżҲ
һΣԷûƿǭZȼ
밡ΪʲôһҪдأΪʲôһҪѡǴӦǾܾء
Ͳһֱ
򵥵Ŀ֡
ǭZȼ֮ĹϵҲ÷ֱһԵĽޡ
ͺá
лҪ˵ڻõġ
Ⱥһء
ħ
¸Щ
ţ


41 
ǭZȼ, ֱǸΪֹ, ǴԷáԼǰδй, ôǭZȼİɡ
ȻӺܾǰʱʼ, ǭZȼ֮ദģʽ޻̸ǻ˵ܶ, ¡
Էȴֻһ, žáԼǭZȼˡ
ֻǡֲ
ԼǭZȼˡ
ǡ
ǡԼ, ǭZȼ߽ˣ
ûЩ, ҲҪȥ롣
ǰһʽֻ, һ, Էɿˡ
׼ȷ˵ӦԼģȻһ仰Ϳ˵, ʮǭZȼԼǿ, ʹӦ, ЦŴһá, ȻʰֻصԷĴˡ
ǭZȼ߿죬ֻҪģԷ㶼ӦˣһܾҪǷ, ԷҲûй˼ˣ֮ܶһ仰ǭZȼռԷıˣʲô˶ǳѵף˯ǰıżأ׸СʲôģǭZȼûٸɡ
ҲΪˣǭZȼ͸˼ѪƵģķǳãɼʱ򣬺ĽA󣬶־Ը޾ã޷ɡ
ǭZȼҪԿһܲܿԼһҵ֤Լ޹ԷҲ޹أֻԼ
һеĳɰܣֻԼ
֪ѧҽѧǱȽѵǭZȼûѡҽѧΪܵҽοҽƵ꣬һʱ䣬ǭZȼȻѡ˷ѧ
պԼ˾ǻص׵Ĺ˾æѧķ֪ʶܹﵽæ
Ҳ˻ᡣ
ڴѧһλͬˡ
һ޾ø޷ɵġѧ㡣
λѧĳһա˼ԣֵܸߡ
ʵҲȷˡ
ǭZȼѧʱѾˣڰѧµʱǭZȼʶģ˵Ҳɣһֻ˼仰൱ͶȻϵʽǭZȼϲյĴ·ʽҲΪѧᣬŸһѧϰö֮˳Ϊܲɷֵĺѡ
ڡǭZȼѡ飬ԷǺԺ֪ģΪһֱæǭZȼҲ飬֪ǭZȼ˿̸˵صĺѡ£ĳÿգͻȻѪ˾һȥѧУǭZȼؼңɿġ
ǸʱѾҵˣֻΪҵǰǿǭZȼ֯ˣԺ󣬸ջеʱ䣬ǭZȼһһһĵģűԷɿˡ
ºԷװƵǭZȼֻǺһ䡰˵հѰݲ¡
⿴ͨһ仰ȴͬһССʯӣͶԷĺ֮С
濴ƽǿССʯӣʵѾӿĵ˵һС
Է⡣
ܹǭZȼ֮Ϊѡˣֻһˡ
ҲԷһδǭZȼĿУѡ֣ҡǭZȼѡ
ôʱ䣬üǰԷ⣬ǭZȼȴӲ⣬ԷǵãǸʱԡѡĻشǣҪԲȥС
ôء
ڡ
ӵС
ǲǾ˵ˣҪ
Ҫ
ɸʱ֣
ǡ
ΪǸǸգ
ա
ˡ
Է㡭͵͵ȥȿȡȻԡĽ㺦µñĳЩĻ˽ӽɣ˵Լɣɵ˵ԼȻȥġ
ա
˵ϣͨ죬Ҫ˵ʲôطͬĻǾǸձͨҪܶɣΪAΪȥѧϰ飬٣ܹѡмҵ׷ʵյϿͨͥв׼ɡ
Է㵱ҲйΪȥѧϰĻᣬֻܾˣȥѧϰһ꣬Ҫ뿪ң뿪ǸСԷ㲻ģԾܾˣ˵˵ʼԸȥĴѧAҲԭ
ȻףƷжԷȻ͡ҲӦáĲŶԡ
ǡȴȫ
˲
һҲˡ
ƫƫֳִ
Է㲻ǭZȼڸյһУֻǭZȼǰյĻװȴ
ϧǡ
ǭZȼԷǰˡ
յһСǭZȼ֮٣Էӵľýȴֲܹ˵ʣֻܹ棬ּ
֪ǭZȼ͸֮ǵȷûзʲôر飬ǭZȼᣬǡʵǭZȼ͸յĹϵܡСǭZȼ᣿
ȵȡ
ر𡭡
ر
ʲôر
ʲôر
ϸԷŷԼƺ뵽ʲôԼӦȥ飬ͷֻܸԼ
ö֮ҲԼȥϰĸܡ
ǵһС
ǭZȼ
ԷǭZȼָֻǰˣֹĹϵǢĺýãʵ֮ദҲǭZȼĺʲôصľٶ
ġ
ġ
Ѿںô
ԡȥЩǣȻֻǭZȼһʱô
һʱ
ۣ룬;ļ¡

Сԡ
Ҳԣʲôϲϲġ
һʼǻơ
壬塣
𣬴ͷļԷ˼
ι
˵õĽBarɱ˰绰ﴫҦͮ
šԷͷǴӦҼǵá
ǵýϼ㣬˵һ˰ɡ
ûҪһЩû죬ڴ飬Իԭš
ҦͮĬһ֮ǵãߵ㣬ɢǲ
֪Ҧǡ
һ
ţһ
ҵ绰ԺԷ㿴ʱ䣬ҲˣˣҪҦͮ绰Լʱɡ
Է㿪ʼʰʰˣ֮ǰҲѼ㡣
һˣϾٰ칦ᣬףһɵһɡ
һһ꣬ﶬ
ԷѾ27ˡ
ǭZȼҲӴѧҵʼԼҵĹ˾ȥֹˡ
ǽأʼԼĹԼԼȦӡ
Ψһĵģÿͬ˯һŴ
ڵǣŸǽðɡ
ܣ̫롣
á
Ҳֻ
ǭZȼһԷҲáԭء
ǵĹϵֱڣõദģʽɡ
Է㿴ˣҲˡ
ˡ
٣Է㣬ȺĴԷ㣬Ҧͮˡ
ˡ
Է߹ȥ֣Ѿˡ
ô簡
԰ڰ콻ûʲôûôæҷϢʱѾ·ˡ
ˣǵǲҲˣôѾˣȡɱҦͮʾ⿨˶ϵľƱһԼһݸԷ㡣
ɱ
ϲŵİܹĻǶ˴ҡԷ¾Ʊһ仰㿪ʼл
̫˰
ǲ˵
ǲ쵼з
ô˵أǲйͰǰǷȥ˰Ҧͮ˵žվˡ
㣬վǺúġҦͮƱղź͵ְԱʵģֻǿЦգôҲô
ǣζҦǡԷЦƱҦͮҾһոյ¾ˣһʹ

СͮԷ㣬ٺȵ㡣һԵļ㰴ͲסˣŸտʼأƶǣԼ˰Ϊ˲ɨˣֲһ䡣
Էڿ棬ǭZȼԵĸһûһš
˵󻮰ΪʲôһҪϺǭZȼûҵǰǰˣϣϰԼ
ȻǭZȼԸԼ㹻㣬ʵҲȷˣǺ㣬Ǹա㣬ڶԾõĿ棬Ƿɷ棬յļ⣬һ
ǭZȼ֪ʵΪûбҪʦͣΪϵķɹʣͬʱԸԼһЩϵİټ϶ѡ
Ȼʦ飬ȻԻȥæӦǭZȼ
˲ûԼͶ·ʱᡣ
ҲΪһ㣬ǭZȼŶԸǷҪɡ
ȻڵزȨվҲֻڵ߶ѣ֪ۺ̨ǱҲҪʵչһЩǣοϲԶһҶҪ㡣ϡն˶٣棬ԸṩһЩʵİҲԸһЩ棬˫кô
ͦеġǭZȼ°ͣ˼״ͷʾͬ⣬ȻһתҸӺǡǭZȼһִֻڸյļϣȻѾ˼ƻΪʲôԼȥϵ̸Ҫء
㲻ϰô
ϰû¶ҪǷƽȥ˵ûɣѧ㣿
ε飬ϺȻҲѧˣҲ㣬ϺƵǭZȼԼϵ֣ҳ棬̫㡣
ʲôģ˵û׼һܸæأ
顭ﲻҵġһƽյĵʹ
ˡǭZȼĸյļ򣬡УҰ㣬ǷҵӴѧ㡣
šվװµߵһߣҵһ
ûע⵽ǲŸ߸ЬડؾֱߵǭZȼǰһ㿪˵֪ZȼԼҵΪʲô
ô¸ˣǲǭZȼиչƻϣԸϺ
ոյЦݣϹʽı飬˽ʱ̸£
šǡǭZȼЦˣ֪㣬أ
ãȻZȼȿˣôҲڣֱӿżɽˡ罫һֻȵһֻϣ۾עǭZȼ˵ϵȷкϺ򣬲֪ǵжٳ⡣
Ա߿ĸգź΢΢۽ǵ⣬Ŵźɫװȹĺ磬񻣬ǰ͹̣һŮ
ǭZȼ˵ţ󻮰ǶϣǶԺ˵һηǳõķչᣬһܾɡ
㵹Ǵû˵ˣһвӦȨ𣿡ĺ˵ţһЦݡ
˵ҲʶöˣֻϵѣϺһֱе㽻顣
ֻǰʱǭZȼ¶ҲӲԼҹ˾ѣҲӡ
Ҳǰ΢΢Щͬ
ڵĺ磬귽ʮˣѾǺϵĶ³ˡ˵ǰĸףضˣԺ󣬺Ͼֻźš
ǰʱڣĸ׻ǻŵġȻǭZȼǰ̽飬ЩǼǵõġ
ǺãεĺǾͶˣһԴŶȥϣͬʱݷһ²˫֣ʮָһţһ̸Ŀʼ
õģһȥ֪һ¼ҸǭZȼվ֣㣬졣
죬ZȼҲ֣סǭZȼ֡
ˡͻȻǭZȼ۾˵һķɹʣ֪ʲôʱ򣬿ҼǱ˴ʶһ¡
ɹ𡭡㡭ȤǭZȼûбյ֡
šǡջ֣ϵļǾֵģ󲿷вɡҶȤġ΢΢һʤߣգǰɣ
ţԣǡǭZȼҧԼͷ۽ǵƲƲڿںſȵĸգƸոյĶԻһ˰ɣ
˰ɡεĺϣܹʶһ£һ
ҵǳĸЧʣŴǭZȼȫΪճȫĹν˵ֵĲɷ
ʵϸĻղķͣеСұȴǸŮǿ˵ĸоǿֵȷʵܸߣһ˿۾һ֡
ԸճԺ󣬺ܶ๫˾ϺеǿϵʵеҪչ£ϵıǲСģȻÿһǰԼĺӦ
񣬺ϣǵһ
ֻǭZȼû뵽ǣҲҵˣݸСϢ˵ǽϵıɽŮȻû뵽ҲԸȤ
ιˡǭZȼ뿪Ժ󣬱յԱߣ㣬Ѿˡ㲻װˡ
šˡյ۾ƽǰʲôɫʡ
ּһڿȣȻ±ӣ˵ˡ
ιûиѧҰ̸ҾߣôôңǭZȼᰡ½ǿָί
Ůڼһȥһ仰վԼš
ң˵Ů⻰һǰˣҲûҿ˵ˣҲʹ25꣬ôкӣˣ˭Ű
ҡ
룬ӦҲûʱҲŶ԰ɡΪ롣
ʲô˼
ʮӷ򡣡
仰ͷҲص뿪ˡ
ǭZȼʶĿȥ
Է㡣

ǸԷ㡭
ҲԼ
ԷҲڣǭZȼ
˾ôš
һ۲գ
лҪ˵
£
˼ûô¡
֮ǰһֱ׼ȥӣȣãü
ѾҲЪˣʱ
˯߳
ܿʼԻָ
ϣá
¸ãг
ȻСZĳˣѧҵӴ
Ȳ£
ʵھҪҪǸʲô
Ͼ˫ʮһǹء
˵ǰɣ



42 
ǭZȼ΢΢۾, һ, Ȼվ, Լ߹Է, ΢Ц˵ˡҲ
šԷı鵭, ֻǵͷ, Ȼָָķ, ͬһ, СͮҲڡҸ˵Ҫк, ˵ʶʶҵá
˼˵, ҹȥк
š˼Է͵㲻ȥҲûϵ, Ҹ˵¾͡
ûϵкѰС顣ǭZȼ˿ʱ, ŵ, ͦ, һҲûʲô飬
˵ԺǭZȼԷ˵ķ˹ȥԷװһ, ղǸһ˵ˣ˭
ޣ㿴˰ǭZȼͷ΢¿Է㣬㰡㻹ǵðɣСʱǺģǺϺزŮһϺԼġ
̸Ҫ̸ô
ΪԼҺ͸ҲҪԾ˳Լط˵ô˵ǭZȼ˵ôôŸղŵ϶֪ԼԲⶨطɣȻôԼ̸Ժͻؼˣ
Ѱ
ա
Ŷ԰֮ǰǲǻ𣿡
ţҼǵáԷ޲ֻ˵´Ρ΢΢һ£һ´ΡҺ͸ռɡ
ǲѾôǭZȼͻȻͣԷ㣬¶ɫ
ǼԷҲ̧ͷǭZȼ۾ûӱܣֻ
ֻʲô
ֻûб¶Լݡ
ֻ
ûʲôԷֶȻһתڷ磬뿪ֻһ䣬ǵҸһԸͺˡ
ǭZȼһš
Է㲻ҲԸȤ˰ɣ
ǰɡ
ա
ǳġġͦÿʵʮֺÿˡ
ǣ
ǣ
ǭZȼҲΪʲôȤ֮ǰˣոյĺ硭ڵԷ㡣
ѵɱô
ʲô
ţӦҪҰˡǡԷ֣ͣǭZȼ˵ԼɣǽһԼ
ǭZȼվԷߣô˵ͷʾͬ⡣
ǺãǭZȼԷá
ţǭZȼһֻ֣§סԷļһ§סԼ߿ƽҽչ˹
ǭZȼڳһ˵ӡ
Է߳ͷ§סԷ㵹ãΥ͸У෴أһֺЭĸо
˵ʲô㡣ԷƿǭZȼȻ˵ˣҲˣԷ˰ɣ
Gһ
԰ѵýô֡
߰һð


ԷΣ֪ԼӦӦסǭZȼ
Է㣬Сȼһ¡һߵҦͮˣǭZȼСȼأôģһ¶ô
ǭZȼ֪ҦͮڸѡĻᣬ˵û¶ˣ˵Լ¶ˡ
ðӦҲûʲôҪ
ţ
ǭZȼ˵Ժ󣬱оߵԷ㣬Լ½ǣôˣ
һûôϹģؼҾȻȥ
ǭZȼһЦû£ҲԷ˵Ȼס֡
°ɡվԱŲŲڳһλ
ǭZȼԷߡ
ȿȣˣôӭ£ǲáһƵݸǭZȼ
һһԭλԺǭZȼʶȥԷ㣬պͮͮģ㡣
ţ
Ⱦˣ
šϵľζô
ǣûоζǭZȼյԷĶߣС˵ú졣㵽׺˶ٰ
ֻһѰȾʲô취
ҡǭZȼߣյôľǭZȼѾܹĶˡ
㣬Ķ䣬ҲǭZȼ뿪壬ȻBarĹ߱ȽϰǭZȼǿˣԷĶ䣬ļֱ񻰡
ûУԷʶķϣȻס䣬ֽƱȾƵԭ
ม
ȻԷ㲻ϳϣǭZȼȻҲʶȤû׷ȥ
Сȼ
ǭZȼתͷȥôˣСͮ㣿
ôҦͮսЩȻҲˣǲ̫ͶͬƴƣοأѵһĩúõЪЪ˵ϵļ߻ǳְѾϵܼˣ
šʵҲȫҵĹͣһϵغõѧҰæɼôɫСͮͱˡ
٣ǫʲôҪûʵλѧô㣬Ǽ߻ҲɵôɫԲԣǫǺ飬ҲҪʵԼ飬Ӧȫ鹦ڱˡ
ǰСͮ˵Ķԡмļʾͬ㲻Ӧ÷ԼһĳɹֻΪһˣҲ20ɣ
šû뵽ͻȻ廰ǭZȼһʱ֮䣬ش䵭
һһֱڿ佱ɣЦʵ
տʼûУֻһ߻òڼССĿ佱һ¡
ļٵİ˵ĿӦ˺ܶŶ԰ɣȻôôˣһԶİѻ˵ˣҲԷ㡣
ιԷ˵ĻŷϣУôˣΪǼһѼƻɵĺ˳Ϊô˵غ𣡡
㰡ǺˡҦͮŲţԷǸʲôҦ֪ͮ
ʶԷ㵽ڣҲкüˣԷ飬Ҧͮ˵޾ϸȫ֪ǹǭZȼһǸظ˵Լ˽⡣
Ϊ
Է㡭һʮÿذ
Ҫ˵ԷôˣΪǭZȼš
ҲԣԷһǭZȼϣȷһˡ
Ǹ˵Ĳˣ·Ҫȫ綼֪ǭZȼж㣬ȴֲҪǭZȼǰϣǶôΪ
𡭡
һȺ˾ô˵š
ֱ11Ž
ʱ򣬻м˱Ƚѣܽ˵ЩӴҶˣҷ٣úڼϢϢɣû˾Ѻͬ˳·ͻؼҡ
һֱûմƣȵĶǹ֭׿Ϊ쿪˳Բܺȡ
뿪֮ǰǭZȼԷ㣬ҪҪǣǭZȼû˵Է㿪ھܾˡ
Է㱾Ϊϻֵģû뵽ôͽˣû˾ӣǭZȼߣһѾƣԼѣȻ·ȥ
ǣ㿴һԣ˫ֱסԼҦͮȥɡȶˡ
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㡭ǭZȼСؽԷ㣬Сָ˵Сͮ㡭ôˣ
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Ϊʲô
Էҡҡͷû˵ԭ
ǭZȼ״˼Ҧͮ˵ȻСͮһɣҺҽ˾
ллСȼ磬һ˵ȵȾˡԷȻȥɡ
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򴽣ȻǭZȼԷߣͻĶǭZȼסȵͼʲôʱϵôˣ
СȼԷȻȥɣͿˡ϶ǷƷˣء
šԷǭZȼ˵ȼȼ߰ɡ
ȵǭZȼԷ뿪󣬼ߵҦͮ˵ȡ
ˡ
Ҧͮľܾ˵ʲôʱֻҦͮ˵ˡһȥˡ
š·Сġ
뿪˵ǭZȼĬ˺һӣ̲סԵԷ㣬Сͮ㵽ôѵǷƷ裿
ǭZȼӡҦͮƷȫϹϵҲǻᷢƷ˰ټƺҲûȶٰ
ͼСŤ˰ɡŮ֮С飬ûʲôõĵġԷοǭZȼˡ
มǭZȼͷٶԡ
óʱ˰ûԷˣһ·š
ɢǡȫ綼ֻʣһĸо
ҲǣѾ11ˣ˱Ƚ٣ż·һЩֵĽУһЩС̯⡣ϱȽϰֻ·Ƶĵƹ⣬˵Ӱ
ϲָо
ˡǰ졭
ǰ졭ôˣ
ʹ㣬ûʲôİɣ
Էһ㶣ͣ½ŲǭZȼ˺һŻصͷš
߻ôǭZȼȻЦˣȻЦ˵һΪʹڵأôҲû뵽ҲᷢǼҰرǡڽ
ôúЦôԷʵЦǸᣬξװЦЦҲЦˡ
ûаҾһᰡ
㵹ǡͦ㡭һᡣ
Է︹š
ôأشģǭZȼȻЦţĿתĿԷ㣬һڼҺһģԷ㣬˵ôѣ
Էüͷ̧ͷעǭZȼ۾ǭZȼΪʲôҪͻȻӵĲǭZȼΪʲôҪ֪ʣ
顭
ԷĻش𡭡
ûѡ
ǭZȼӦö顭ô
Էû˵ҲǭZȼŲֱǰš
˵˵ǭZȼ׷ȥסԷ֣һЦŵģʵôˣ
Է㲻ǭZȼסߵʵûޣֻͣŤͷȥǭZȼ۾д˷ŭ
ˣǭZȼûЦݣȴһӣãҲˡһ£һҪشҡ
ʲô
ΪʲôҪգΪʲô˵Ҫʶ
ȻǭZȼ棬ųԷҲյֵܡܣͦԷģŲôӹʲôҡԼֲ
֮⡭
ǭZȼǡ
Է͸ʶʶԭûôһֿܣΪԼ
ˡ
ŬȥæʣҵŬĿסԼռ
ҪԼʲôûеʱ򣬸ԷŵԷԼ𰸡
Ϊ㣬ǸʱԷԼ𰸣ҲûԷһС

ǭZȼΪԸԷ㰮顣
ڿȥЩ뷨ǰЩ뷨¡֮
Ǹʱ򡭡İһе˵ƣԷƶᣬԷӦҲΪɣҲ˵ǭZȼܷԷ㰮飬һ죬ܸİ飬Ҳᱻɴܰɣ
ʲôûǮɻС
ʵȻ
ûʵİ飬ֻһɢɳ
ǰǭZȼãڲͬ
仰ǶԵģ̫ԡ
ֱڣǭZȼʱ䣬Լ֤һ飬֤Լˡ
ɵ졣
Ʋǳɣñǰ˺ܶࡣ
ΪڵǭZȼ˵ǰһֻעǰԷһĻʱ䣬ĸԶˣҲǵĸԶˡ
Ҫݵദ
ǭZȼҪģԷһӡ
Ҫһһ
Ҫ
ԼаյʱԼ˵ʱ򣬺һ
ðҪһشΪʲôҪգȻشң͸յʲôϵԷ㷳ˣǭZȼСʲô˼
Һ͸գ
ԣ͸ա
ǭZȼЦˡ
ڣܹȷԷڳԴװɣ
Դˣ
ҵġ
ԷؿǭZȼ֪ͣ󻰡
ѧ㡣ҵѧ㣬㲻֪ô
ԷˣǭZȼڶˣʲô˵ʹֱӵͷߡ
߰ǭZȼסԷ㣬ԲҴˡˡ
˵
ҵѰʼô˵ġһѧԺģҵѧ㰡һϿΣһţͬѧᣬö֮ȻΪ˺ѡ

ʼǭZȼԷ㣬ûʲô
Է㿴ǭZȼȻһԲһҲŲšģ
ġǭZȼûƭ㣬˵Ķʵ
Էüǲš
ðɡҸ㷢ģֻҵѧκѣƭĻҿԷҭǭZȼ˵ģԽ˵Խã˵ĶģЩҲᷢ
ȻԷľսָס촽죬Ȼ̾˿ûһ㣬㡣㲻Ҫ˵ˡԺ׼˵
ᣬǭZȼ촽ԷָһǣԷ㣭飭֣Ц˵ãҴӦ㡱
ǡڿ˵˰ɣ
˵ʲôԷĴǲȥǭZȼ۾
ƤǭZȼ֣ԷգԼ
Ϊ㲻˵ĺôýʲôѣİɣ
ǭZȼһŹ֡ӣ̲סЦŲء
ͺòá
á
ڡԴס
ûС
а


Ӵ
ڴϿչһԻ
ɵ
Сһ
ǣ˶ס졣
ǰš
ͻȻǭZȼסԷ֣ʮָۣǰ
ɡͻȻһ·ͣԷ
ᣬǣҵְ
û˵ǣԷʶǭZȼץԼ֣ԼҲȷûɿʮָţҪ֡
ȻΣǭZȼȻˣûץסֲſ
Էһȵļ϶ǭZȼ˶»صǰ
ʲô
ǭZȼСĵİƤ»̵Է㣬ȰԺţش˼£ŸԷ㣬ǰϲԵİɡ
š
Էӹ
ǰȷϲԿֻнֱС̯ĲźóԣԼڼóʦܻǾòЩʲôˣ̫æĻܹҹʱ򣬳䣬ҲٻС̯
û뵽ǭZȼǵãϲԿ
ҲһڰԷ㽫ݵǭZȼߡ
ǭZȼһԷ㣬е죬Ҳ֪ΪոСһȵģǡأ
ð
ЦЦȻȴûȥҧץסԷ֣ƵԷͣԣԷΪԣԼҧһڣҧУͿǭZȼͷ
͡
Էɴ۾
ĴǭZȼļ
ǭZȼȴ§סϷſһֱǣһֱš
ֱѾֲ壬Ϊ˳ԵеĿΪ˳
þˡ
û׽
ǣ೤
ġ
ԷҲʼķֿ
ֿ
ǣûֿǸֿأ
ԷѾ˴𰸡

ǭZȼɿ˴˶ǵͨ졣Է飬ǭZȼ˵Ӧᳵ·ģκ̫û׹ˣЩ衣
ټϡոաǵһΣԷ㡭ǣӦǭZȼȫû뵽顣
ǭZȼƲסԽԽԽԽãҲԽԽ
Ժ˶֪˵ʲôԷ͵ǭZȼһۣԺȥ
մǭZȼˣԷְ
ǭZȼȻҲ죬ȴЦˡ
Цɵϡ
ؼҰɡǭZȼǣԷ֣Էû
ǣסԼεأء
Ҳǡ
лҪ˵ˣ
˵һ䡭
ȲҪǶϸˣ
Ҹ˺öˣ
һ£࡭Ŭ£ѣ
һ¶д
ԡš

˹ûǲôԴȰ
ڻҪŰ̫ˣ
ôҲİ
ڸ¡
˵һһ
Ӧˡһ𲻻ô
ΪǱϾǽ㡡κܴѹҲܴ
ҪǺܶСZῼǵ
Ǿ붼顡С㶼Ҫȥǵ
СȷӦˡΪ޿ɱ
顡ӱܲ
СӦСZô
ҲΪһһ
ʼջǵÿһʵ
ϣ
ôôҰǣ
ţ


43 
εĲ߻, жҪ, Ŵ涼, ڲ߻ĺ˾Ѿȷ, ǺϡǭZȼ򿪵PPTŻÿһ˽PPTϵ, ͬʱԼ뷨
ǭZȼĸףҲС
, ǭZȼĳ, ѾԲ߻ɶ, ţǭZȼеĻ, ֻҪʱ, 
ԼŮ׳ɳʲôزˡ
Էѡŷ乤ЩĹ, ԼĹ˾ҵô죬ǸʱǭZȼС, Ȼһֱ, ѧϰ͹, ܹǲһģʵܻЩࡣ
ֻߣǭZȼҲһ˳ķߣһΪһ쵼ߡ
˴򹤣ñ˸Լ, еĲ࣬Ǻܴģкܶŵ档
ԣǭZȼʴӱҲҲŴԵʰɣڹ˾ֺܿ죬ʵϰڣ̶ʱ䣬ѾƾԼܼλãο
»ǭZȼ̫࣬ĸԼʹǭZȼɹ⣬Ҳڿ佱ڿ׵Ķˡ
Ǹ֮ǰһ߻ո߹ʣȻҵְҡˣһˣ֪ҵ·µͬ¼룬ǿһ顣
һŷ߶͡˾ԼƽӹûйϵԼ£ȻΪ˾׵ĺù˾ԼĲŸɲӦһСְԱλãóʵûûΪ˾£۾Ȼõϣ
ɸ߹ʲһ°ɡ
ǭZȼԼλϣһԵĸվ
Ȼٲ۵
ǭZȼŮ飬ȫ˾µ˶ֻ֪ǭZȼϵĵһ죬Ѿȫ˾ҪǭZȼСԴΪǭZȼŮˮǹڣһɿ
飬ȫ˾ˣҲ֪
죬ǭZȼܹΪܼݣվһ·׷棬˲м΢ʡ
ǭZȼ
գӶ
˼ʹϵĴһģҪųжȣǭZȼǺ㣬Ͼ̫Щ̫â¶
ոܼѾǿ飬ϣܹǵáЦſڵȻ󣬽롣
Ү
ꡪ
һƬ
߻ɵĺãҳһٺõģԷK

ǭZȼЦһ£ǸЦݷ·˵㿴ɡ
ųжղûǭZȼ˵һһ߸ǳԣЧȻǸһЩģǭZȼʢáԼѡĹӦþҪôͲȻҪȥȻҪá
ղһ㣬˵̫ף̫ӣҲûзŪ̫
ǭZȼ֪ǸΪãǿ˾еְԱֵɵ˳ۡ
ԻĽǣǭZȼճ
е̨ǰǭZȼ佱һ˵ǿ佱Ͼ̫ԣֻǿ׵ı˼䣬ǭZȼ˵Ѿ㹻
Ÿճ˻ңڻذ칫ҵ;УǭZȼԸ˵ʵεĲ߻ѧ𲻾ͺˣ˵㣬ǰBarʱ򡭡ӦҲ˰ɣ
ûȤպ䵭ӳ֡
֪ġɫ¼ûȤǹϺͺкѡϣģԴˡûʲôҪ͵ô
ӦýʲôոǭZȼİ칫ңɳϣŹʱ̸˽¡
Ϊġɫ¼ûȤҲ֪ΪʲôͺϺӦ֪βѡĺ顭һǺϵġȻҲȷǸܺõѡˡѾм˾ѡˣȻҲСĽճ˵Ӧϰöġ
ǸѵÿˡڡԣӦ˵ϣȻǭZȼϺͨˣǩ֮ǰʡȥ˺鷳
պãʱҲȽпգÿϽǢһεĲ߻
ʱҵ𣿡ͻȻЦˣüͷϣͻȻЦݡ
ЦݣǭZȼԺֻ֣ԡ
Ϊʲôûʱ䣿
ŶΪе˰⼸ÿ϶һ崺ӣ϶ҹá൱ءտڡҹ˳٩֮൱ԡ
ȻתƻĹҲĺܲ
ȡô֪ġǭZȼȻ죡ˣ
ı֪ˡƽ⼸죬ôѵӣ
ţͦ˵ġǭZȼͻȻҹʲôġ̫ˡ
ûУоȵؿǭZȼ
ûСǭZȼȫ˵ˣǣûһ𡣡
㲻˵Ѿˣǡ
ҵŮѡǭZȼЦݣҲˣôܡôװȷܾˡӦҡ
ǭZȼԷ㲻ܾĿܾ׽ѾӦ˵ģⲢԷѾԸΪŮѡ
ǲҪô졭ԷܾĻŲ˵ģ١Է㲻ڡȡϾܾҲǡһ¥˰ɣ
ƺǭZȼ˼ĴҲʾͬĵͷȻĳģһߵӣǭZȼļͷ
һоڲС
ָҳ⣬죬˵ˣ˵ʵǭZȼͻȻʶֱˣˣ˵ǲϲˣ
ϲϡ
ôһô˵ôأ
ϲϡ
ϲϡ
ǭZȼԼԴоԼȡۡ
ôܣǣǭZȼ̽ѰĿ⣬ǡ˶٣ȻĿڣƽ˵Բܻϲġ
ңû˼ǭZȼⰧ̾Ҳ̽Ůġ㡭
յǭZȼʾ˵Ļ̫
̣˺𣡡
šȷ̣ˡ
ˣС̸Ϊֹˡֱָָϵʱ䣬ҵȥŮѧˡ
ǭZȼͷһ򣬲㰡
Ůдʣ㵽ŮûûŮѣûûϹģôŮ
ιιδ֪С̰ĽڣҪ㹤ˣǰż˵һ˵ǭZȼ͵Цˡ
ţһ𰡡˵ƵᣬҡҺûŮɣǸᣬ߰ɡ
Сʱ
ǭZȼŸˡһ׶԰
š׶԰
ļٵİ
ƺܵǭZȼѾ˫ǰһȺСӵ֮С
ǳ߽׶԰Ҹºص롭׶԰ʦ˴к
Ȼһſڡ
ǭZȼ̧ͷ˿дŰ༶֣տаࡣ
ĴڶؼʽзٵţݸյƲŮ䡣
ȻĲۡ
ûӦһŰɫ黨ȹɢͷһСһСŮǷɱ
׼ȷ˵ǳŸշɱ
䣡СŮ˽յĻ
찡ǭZȼֱԼ۾
ƽ߸ϣһᵽӵģƺʲô鶼ûʲôȤӵģգϹЦݣ֮ΪᶼӦǳ̶̫ˡ
ڵϣСŮڻظͷ
ǭZȼƺ˿̸յͷһ⻷
Ϊĸ
˸оȷĸ׺ͺһ
ʱ򣬸ɿСŮСŮ·Ȼ˵Աߵλ̴к
СŮصͷȻ̧ͷǭZȼǭZȼǳչأҲͿŮߵǰ˵̺á
ûи
ôͳɰˣίͻȻôѣѡ
û󵽸Ůİ
ţһǭZȼ֮˻
ZȼҲﰡ
лҪ˵
£
˵һ顭
֮ǰа˵ʱߺÿһ
ʵӦ֮
ֻҸͦϲڣ¡Ǹ
ǸһֱԺԺͺд
áȻֺܾᡡ̲סСZСаľ
Ծд˵ڣ
ϡȥ˯


44 
, 㡭ôҲǭZȼ, תͷĺ硣
һԵĸսԭء
԰, ͬµŮѧ, ĸ£ԽסҼҡ㡭أ
ҡǭZȼ, ôͲźá
ܼġ˿ڣͬҲֱǣһСŮ, ǸСŮҪԼŮ١
һǡհɡû, һ϶ĳ䡣
šμ桭ض³, Ǹգָ̡һֻ
˵Ц, Ҳǡ컹ҵŶȥǢ̸Ǹ߻ءҲ, ָˣ߹ʡѵõҲ¶ЦȻҲ, ȥסյ֣ڴһɲ, һ֡޷ݳĸо
, һ۸յ, ʮָ޳ưݣƯ֡
λ̴кСһģƽͷڹ֮еȫˡ
̺áСŮܹ, ǭZȼ͸մк
ǭZȼ˽Ĳͬ٩㣬ͬ½Ӻӣʲôͬ°ͷԣӺǭZȼ֮ԣΪϵĶ³յȼ˵ͬ£
ġԣᡱ˵ûԱ֣֮ǭZȼЦǲŹ硣
ϵȽϺõͬ¶ѡҲû£Ҳûʲôȷͨͬ¹ϵȻӲϲ˹ע˽⣬Ҳἰ˽£ȷûǭZȼıҪ
ص棬ټһҲֻһ˶ѡ
ɸģĸţǰʱ򣬸Ҳ뿪ˣϵԼҲȻһαͻȻȥűء
ôأ߽˼ڸյŮԱ߶Լʾõãรҽк硣أ
СŮ̧ͷ˿գõֻյͷҲߵǰ˵裬䣬ӴС˶ƵģЩǿСź˵ĻȻֻСźգСһ¡
ӦԺ󣬺͸ն΢΢һ㶣ǭZȼһ߷߲ƽΪʲôСһﲻҲôÿ
Ϊ񣬺ҲСһĶͷһ¡
ʲô֣ѵöһδıСŮø׼ȷ˵СŮһ۾;úϲĪһиҲ˵ԭ
СһԺ̧ͷŸա
СաֽСաΡ
СգǽиСգǸայСԴȻ֣ÿɰ
ЦЦ
վʱÿЦݣҲЦЦŸյЦ˵Ҳǡ
ʲô
֣֣ҲܿɰܺЦһЩաݵĺءȷܺÿ
һֱվмĬĬ˵ǭZȼ۾
ߣǲǲӦվôԼڷⷢȵĸо
ѵǴ˵еġ
ݣ
ӻǣ׵ء
û뵽翴òˣһɽŮӣȻҲſھ
ǲǡվ̫ˣ
ôᡣ
ôᡣ
պͺ˺Ĭͬʱ˵
һ㶡
ǭZȼĬĬزᡣ
ҲԷ໡
䣬Ҷˡյ·ֻС۾žžડ˸ţɰˡ
ãϴؼҳԷ
ҪһҲҪ⺢ȥԷǿһ𡭡緢롣
áյĻû˵꣬ͱ˴ˡ
ðһ𰡡
û˵һһֱǱǭZȼʹǹ˸յ
ղüͷǭZȼһ۵ǭZȼνƲͷȥգ֪ʱ͸նˣһȫʬ
Ǻã߰ɣһλСѣҪʲôλСѷ롣
䡭Сջֻ۾һֱŸգҪõ
ȥɡŮû취ҲپܾˣֻõͷЦŴӦŮ
ҮСշ˽ĻﱧסһһֱǣŵСҲס
ôҪʲôأλС
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Ҫţţţţ
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ţţ
ը
ͣͣսơ
СҲ鷳
ţţ翴ԼǣֵСŮʵ
СŮͷ
ըԼŮ˵
Сձ͵ͷҪը໡
áǾһȥһըţŵĵط𣿡ȫķϾȻСӣúõĵĸ˵ǻǶһЩȡֵġ
ã
ã
СͬĴӦЦĻϲصġ
ֻ΢΢һЦû˵
ֻŸպǭZȼ˵֪һҶСӶϲĶͯ͵꣬ȥɣ
šյͷʾͬ⡣
ǭZȼһƵóѵӣϵЦݲ֪жáȻѾӦ˼ңھҪڶˣټѾӦԼŮûпʧѡ
״ݱ˺Сǰ棬СıģǭZȼ͸ں档
տԼŮǭZȼǣŵСŮ˾
ĿĵغСմһ䣡Lucky Seven 
С𡱺ͷŸСա
ţСΪѾǰطе˷ܡ
ԭҲ֪طعͷա
šŮյıһֱǵģûʲôˡıֹ
֪֡ôӻȥĸо
ܾáնƺͦ䵭ӣ
ǡǴ
ջ֪طȷͦġ
ΪLucky SevenĶͯʩһпṩСежͯҲǳʦеⷨӢȵȵȹҵĲɫṩרŸ˳ԵģȻСҲܵ㵥ˡ
ȣ˵֣ͶŹˣԼȷǰһ˱ƬƯֺÿȻ˵飬ڲŲ꣬Ѿζˣһ۾֡һ֡Ʋ۵ĸо
һֺܴ͡
Ϊ֪ºһףɹЧʺܸߣǼȻҲ֪ǭZȼ㣬ѧʱѧҵˡ
ѧϰ飬ǭZȼǺܸɣǲӿصǸնǭZȼİ
ˣûʲôֿ
û뵽ǣղôᣬѾһСĸˣҡӣҲСչ˵ĺܺã֪Lucky Sevenһܺõ֤ݡ
Lucky Sevenÿ˶ȥģǮȨ֮⣬ĻԱҲ޵ģÿһϱ׼˶ܹΪĻԱϡյļͥûжź񣬼ҾѾǸͨͥɴ˿ɼյֶ֮ߣ֮ǿ
ӡӵ顭
ȥʱջصϲûдӵһУʩģӱĺܺá
ֻǡ
ӡ
ҸรĶóԣԹСڶһ˵ҫ֮⣬ǷĸһҸЩóԵģ㵥ԣ
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Ϊʲôһӣ
żһдǡδ顱
ϣҲûʾйʷ֮Ϣûнѵ϶ûС
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ԱΣأǴƭԼ
һۼС𣬾ЩӺܿɰ֡ĶҪڻĸоҪ˵Ļͦϲӵġ
ټϡ˶СӣͺмϸյĺӣֵҲͦߡȻӷˡ
ڡա

ûм֮ǰֻǵ;˵¼лһҪʶһ£пܵĻҲϣܹϰæڡ޷ϣ͸ա
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ôˣոһֱڷ
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û˭ǰ
㻹ðɣ
հźСǭZȼ֮󣬱ߵ
ţû£лл㡣
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ѾõôZȼأ
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ţš졣
ţš졣
΢㶣ںЦЦȻ󽫸ûзĲ˵ŵһԡ
ллл
û뵽ϲأΪŮӣϲءţŸֻۣûͻ֮˼ǣΪŮӻ֣ӦûԷţš
ϰˡ˵Լ࣬Ϊֹ˵Ļʮ֡
ۡǭZȼһԸ̾žžžỺ֣͸Ĭءͬü˚GĽĬ
˻һʹĽгȻ˻ȥ
СӺ֪飬ؿǭZȼʵ̣ô
ǭZȼ˫ĵ۾޷ѸյġС˵ֻ¶Ц˵û¡
ǰ̰̫ˣһͺˡ
ޡ
ޡ
СοŸգϾӶܰ
ãݣҿ㣬̣
ǭZȼĬĬҧָ
һٷĻ֮³ˡ
Ժ󣬸ǭZȼؼңҲǵ˾ĳźӻؼˡ
·ϣܰǭZȼͻȻƬƽ죬㣬ͦĬ
˵˻ֱǭZȼл˵ҲúĨ˷ʱˡ
ȿȡȻǣ֪ĪҲǭZȼǺǺǵЦţ㣿
Լã
ͦ䵭ġ
ôϵ·ǰ·Ҳŵƹ⣬ҫŸյ
ǰȻ֪ѧһĿģ㣬Եòô
Ҷ˭
ȷ
Ȼ
ðѧ㣬ϺͺϵĺȫȨ𡣡ŶҲǭZȼԼֱǼƻͨ
á
պ֪飬ʵǱǭZȼˣǭZȼȻ֪һ䵭˭ˣЩʶ˸䵭ѣʲôͬ
պͺͦĬ飬ģǭZȼҲǵģ̫ͬˡ
˵СաĺӰ
ȻǭZȼòʣһ䣬ҵŮ
ɡ㡭
㲻ǵô
ǭZȼʶҲüˣȻ֪ûнģô˵Ҳûкκ˽ӣ
Խ͵ǵҲûн顣СҲҵŮٰ
ǡ
㵽ˡͻȻ⣬ָָǰףһ졯ҹ
˵꣬ͻȻǭZȼһ¡
Ȼ˵һ£ʵյ촽ûǭZȼգֻӸԷ㿴ѡ
һر
ǭZȼһ±Ƶ״̬ȻվͿų뿪ˣֻһź̺ʹԭصǭZȼ
˳ŷ򿴹ȥԷڵ
С㣬ˣܼҴӺӹ˯˵ĺӣʵ
ţ˼ҴŮһЩ˵ҪСһȥԷģû뵽Ūô
СˣҪлҽŮѧȥԷ
СѣҽҲæ ǺӲͬµģǹܼҵӣ֪ܼЩðˣȥӺӣ˵ȥŮҲæСһҲʶ
߽ŵƻͨĴլ
һˡ
ͬġ
նһ
лҪ˵
£
֪뿴ССZ
Ҳÿչãе
ϣҲϲãУ
Ȼ󡾹󲻿λ
֮ǰҵˡ㷢ĵɶ
ǿ֢⼸춼˵˭
ԿҰ໣ѣ
㹽ѣ
˯


45 
ô
ǭZȼԷķ߹ȥ
ԷȻľǭZȼǣԼˡ
ҲһʶĶ, ֻһǱʶϰ߰, ųǭZȼ
ÿһ˶һԱ˵İȫ롣
ԽȫĻ, ͻһΣС
˼˵, Է˵ǭZȼ֮, Զְȫ롣
ΪǭZȼĶ, еֻ, ෴, İ
·
ôɣǭZȼͻȻͣ, ĿתĿԷ㡣
Ȼ
ðɡ
˵, ؼҶͦôҲ˵һǭZȼԷ֣ƿš
˵, ͻڼôԷƵôӳһ仰
ʲô˼ǭZȼʶԭ
˰¥鷿, ײǭZȼǣԷˡ
š
⺢Ӱ, ؼҳԷҲ绰˵һЦǭZȼ˵, ɵˣ֪ȥſڽˡ
GǭZȼ΢΢һ㶣ȻͷȥһԷ, ô
ֻԷ治ɫĿǰҲȥӦǭZȼ֮ǲֲϵ̬ȡ
ȼȼ
ڡǭZȼɿԷ֣ǡһ̣ԷҲſǭZȼ֣ȻֺĬ
ְ֣ʲô£
죬ڻϵı֣ܺáĺܺá
Ҫ̲סЦˣһʱ͸Լŷ˵绰СŮˣгϢķչ۹ҲĺԶۼ
֪ǭZȼҲЦˣԼҰְֿ佱ôܲأ֣ҿܶˡ
ְĸˡû뵽ôϢҲѽڻϱֳɫ飬ˣҲܸˡ
Ҳڼң
Ȼ֪ôɫҲοոȥϴˣҪ֪ˣû׼һȥ㷿ء¶οЦݣü֮䶼ЦƵġ
ǭZȼóҲְ֪Σĺܸˡ
ɵýճȭ
ڡ
ڣҪǰȻͬĵ·ˡ
ǭZȼڳΪһɫøĸĺŮǰȫһ
ҲԷһ
һжġ
һжġ
ðְ֣ϢȻطˡǭZȼ۾ɨ¥طԷ㣬Ҳ˵Ҫط䡣
áҲǣͺϺ߻ҲܷˡҪעϢ˯֪𣿡ǭZȼļСŮҲڲ֪ɳΪһˡ˰
š
ǭZȼԷĽŲԷǰ˽ȥ
Ȼ󱳿ţ
Էŵתһ֪ǭZȼҲŽˣҷʲô
ʲôķ䰡ǭZȼŲôأҲ˯䷿氡һʹȨ
㡭
ˣǭZȼըëԷ㣬¶Цݣȥǣ֡
ΪǭZȼ֪ԷԺݲĸԼ޷˵ʲôݻԼܡ
ͺñȡ
һ飬˭Ĭûᡣ
ֻǭZȼôԷ㶼û˵ܾĻܾǭZȼԴ۰ǭZȼܡ
ͬģԷҲܡ
Ϊܣĵߡ
ڡûа취ġǭZȼĿô
Է֪𰸡
ɲǿ϶Ƿ񶨵Ĵ𰸣ֻͣͲǰ
ΪʲôҪԷûЦݣҲûı顣
ǭZȼģǺƢЦ˵úúãûҲµģ㲻ҪЦһЦ㿴ǭZȼŪԷգһЦЦӣÿ
Էвõץס˵ˡ
𲻸˰ǭZȼƾҪȥԷ㡣
ȥ֣ͣڰС
øЦÿĻȥЦ
ءȻǳԴ
ǿЦġǭZȼ֣վǱסԷ㡣شԷı§ס
˵ȻֻЦӣÿİ˵գǭZȼصͷ°͸ԷļͷȻյĶ˵ֻϲ㡣ϲ㡣
˵ʲôԷĶߴǭZȼ˵ʱϢĶϣ÷ȣշȣ䷢ȡ
ڷȡ
ֻҪ㿪
ǭZȼûϵԷͻȻ壬һûվȿʼǰ㣬ոǭZȼԷ㣬㿴ǭZȼԼӭ
СġǭZȼֱסԷ㣬΢΢һתͱǭZȼ£Էϵˡ
Ľǡ
˻ȡ
ǭZȼıŵأԷѹϡ
Сôû£ĵģԷ㡣
šûСԷӻеεûôӦǭZȼϾģôҲǸֵڶΰԷ㡭˵ļ򵥵㣬һŮ
Ӧʱע⵽ǭZȼ£СZСZʹʹԲ𣬸ոѹˡ
ǭZȼԷҪʱֽԼĻؿԼǰͲʹˡ
Էһ㶣ȴûǭZȼĻ
ֻҪҵߣҾͲʹˡЦЦԷ˵ôҸоʹ֮ǰȼոյĻɣ
ʲô
ҲǸ˵ֻҵѧӺôϴ㲻˵Ѿˣ
û˵ôѡ
񡭡ܽգʲô㲻ôǭZȼʵ˵ã֮ǰ³ʱ򣬸ûңֻǡ
ֻǣ
ֻǡҶ߸˵˼仰ѡ㿴ʱǹߺλûӴ
û˵ΪղˡŲء
ΪղˡǾ˵ΪҵĹϵǭZȼ⣬Ϊʲôʲô㲻˵ô
ҲûСԷʹͻȻƿǭZȼȻַվ
ǭZȼԷĶҲվôˣ
޹ءֻǡԼ˶ѡ
Է˵ǡǭZȼģΩһ
Է㣬ǭZȼΩһ
û
ǡ

Ҳֻǡȥˡ
СһֱǭZȼһǣΩһܹǭZȼڵǸˣ룬Ӳ뿪
ȻǸг˴ڹ
ԷĴ
ȻкǭZȼ˵ڽѷ⣬ǸʱǭZȼҲ˵Ҫѡ
ôԷҲȻģһΩһĸо
ǭZȼֻ
ǭZȼ۾Ҳֻõ
ԴӸ˳ֺһоͱˡ
ǭZȼġѡݳ֣ǭZȼ飬Է㱾Ӧøе˲ŶԣȻǡǡָо෴ΣС
ǭZȼ͸պ̸
ǭZȼظա
ǭZȼ͸չĺܺã˵Ǻˡ
ȥǼ飬ԷҲ֪
ǭZȼ͸ա
ա
Է޷ȥӸˣ޷Ѹ˷ڰȫڡ
ոҲǡ
ˣմսǭZȼգǭZȼһ
һ̣ĵķŭ־壬ԷԼò졣
ðҲ˵ûв˿ǲҲ޹أ֪ˡ
š
ԷЩ䣬ȴֺ֪ǭZȼֻǹԼѡ
̧ͷǭZȼһ˲ʧ
ǭZȼϣиյǡ
ԷüͷȻԾ֣ǭZȼϣǸλãĴָ΢һ˲·ܹǸȫ
Ŷԣߣ
Լ˹ȥǭZȼա
һǡ
Źɣ
ǹԺԷĵ˵ͷ
ǭZȼڸղԷ֮С˺һŻع
ȻôûаȫеĻôǾͲҪιϵˡǭZȼԷ㣬˵
Էһ㶣ס
ǭZȼô˵ǡʲô˼
ҪҵŮô
Է㾪
ΪǿĬĲġ
֮ǰǭZȼҲôģǾڸոգͻȻˡȥɲУټȥˡ
ҪԷΪŮѡ
ҪԷǭZȼŮѡ
ʲô˼Էü
ǭZȼͻȻЦˣҲ֪ǻȻʻ̫ڸˡ
˵

ɡ
лҪ˵
£
СZҪʼ׷ʹ໡
Ȼ
󲻿λͯЬˡ
ұʾԭԭ㡡ϸ˵23333
ûʲôһδܹ
СǾһ2333

ǡshadowλͯЬ
֪ǿ֢㻹ң˵õİأأ
ڶʲô
ڴһ⣡
󣬲˵
ڸãе˲ˡ󲿷ǶԵ
Ҳ˵˭
ҾھϣһҾ͸̫
ʵ͸뻹˷һ
ȣôôһ¾Ǹţ
ôôǣ
ҷ
Һûһߣ
˯ˣ
Ŷ˲
֮ǰ˵õĶ졣
һ
ǲҪҹ


46 

أ
ûкˡ
ǭZȼһڴ, ȴԷĻشġǾܾǴӦ, ǭZȼѡ, Ϊ, һҪԷһ
òסԷҲϲˣôԽֻΪԷġܾͷ
Ȼ
ûеȵԷĻش
Ȼﰡ ƿš
, 衣
衣
ոȥȼȼķûпҾͲ϶ķ֪, ȻǭZȼڳ, Сʱ, һֱԷ㣬ԺܶʱԷķ
԰ΪҰǭZȼԷ, , û÷俴ͬʱϻ޺ЦݣƳԷһ, ˵һֱҡ
⺢Ӱǲ㣬Сʱ, ڳ˻, Ȼ֮ȴ֮, С㰡Ӧö챻㷳˰ɡ
û衣ԷҧҧҪԼִǭZȼ, ǭZȼûҪɿֵ˼СȼȼһֱܹԵġ
⺢ӰСҲĻҲֻвܹסˡЦСôɣҲƤʱǭZȼȻҲһ棬ֻÿֻҪԷǭZȼͱضԹԵĵͷϴ
ǭZȼǺܹԣҲֻԵĶѡ
ĺӣô᲻֪أ
ԷҲǣȻǭZȼĵطӲԵģ۵ʱҲʹʱǱԼҪ۰
˵Է㲢ģҲŮ֪Էĵ۰ǭZȼ
ĹϵܹһֱôãҲο
ְ˵ڹ˾ıֺܲ˵ϡ
١һѡȻĿ佱ôǭZȼҲ
ýĵطúúýһ
ѽſ㼸Ҫ˰Էֻʶ֣Ȼ˾ǭZȼա
ӦԺ󣬲ͻȻЩԼľٶƺ̫һЩһڷǰ
Է㲻ɫȥɫ飬ע⵽֮ǰһһ
˵ĶԡɲΪҺְֿ㼸䣬ƮˡҪ֣֪ô˵Ժ󣬷Լƺ©һ䣬ϣҲΪ佱㣬̫
֪ǭZȼƲƲ죬νԷոյġǾٶҲƮˡ
Ÿ㡣ݸǭZȼһſǽϹŬܳɫĳ͡ԷҲһһģһĿҲʼ֮󣬷ģΪ˲˱ˣȻҲҪǭZȼһš
֮ǰûиΪûͷټǭZȼǻ죬Ͼͬ˻ѧУأԷЩǭZȼĳ磬ȴû뵽СŮͬŮһ㣬ȻûǷʧ
ҮʵڵǭZȼȱǮôģϵĸһ£лл衣
лҲһšΪ˹ƽҲһšЦװԸӡ
ƫİԽôã㸽ǽҸ˵ǽʵֻΪ˹ƽǭZȼҲװŲˡ
㿪Ц㻹ˡ̲סЦ
Ҳڸ㿪ЦǭZȼҲЦˡ
㰡ָ迪ЦˡԷûҪԼִǭZȼг
Ȼһεģʧˡ
㿪Цˡ˯Ҹ㻹Ҫ̸˵ţЦݣȻԷ˵ȥһ鷿
šԷ㵭شӦ
ȴǭZȼоһ˿
ܾáԷı飬ֵֹġ
Էŷȥ鷿鷿Ҳڶ¥Լ·ѣֻ⼸·Ѿ֪ԼĸҪԼ˵ʲôˡ
ܶ飬ҪȥԣҪ˵ȴվ޷⡣
ǭZȼϲҲãҲϲǭZȼҲá
㲻
˵飬㿼ǵôԷԱߣĳĿ˵ȥҸʱ˵áء

Է㲻˵ԥˣȴûа취Ŀڣ㻹ҪƵô飬ӽƵڣ㶼˶ٴˡ
裬ҲסԷһ˰˵˵ˡ
ס
ǰҲǡ
Ӳˡ
ȥ˵£С뿼Щ֮û㡣㣲ˣٹһʱҪˡ費飬죲ˣ󶼻ûСԼĻ˵̫أԷʲôãʲôܳɫ
Ψ鷽棬Ǻ޽չ
ݷ֪ԷСʱڣһҲû̸ڲ飬ҲӦиɣҪҲְɣ
һˣҲͦõġԷ㲻֪Ӧܾ
Щ£˵룬Ը⣬ͿԵġ
ܲһӶһ˰ɣ
һеġ

Էƿԡ
ǰܲܡһһˡ
ܲܡǭZȼһȥɣ
ѵҪǭZȼһô
ְѵĶӣҺְֵ˼ҲȥףҲҪôͼ޳ȥֻϣȥͼһ棬ĿԷ֣˵ľͽһԿϲԺ˵ȼһ棬ֻȼһ濴𣿡
ԷܾͣĻߣ˵һҲȥ

ֻҪǭZȼ͹ˡ
ȴҲ˵ڡ
ܾĻ˻ҽ
ֻгĬ
ҡ
ž
ǭZȼƿţ̫󣬵鷿һ±ǽߣŪ޴졣
ô⣿еȡȫûע⵽ǭZȼ⡣
Էʲô˵
ΪʲôһҪá㡭ȥף鲻ôǭZȼŴҧȫ£ͷβʾ
㻹СôᶮվߵǭZȼǰҪȥ飬㲻Ҫܡ
Ϊ飬ҲҪܰǭZȼۿе죬ֻûᣬֻķŭղ˵˲ȥףΪʲôҪ
̬ȸ˵𣿡ҲˣǭZȼ̬̫ǿңȫûһص˼
û˵˵˲ȥףΪʲôҪͲҪ鲻ô
ȻСҲְֽ飬վ˵ô̬ҲǿӲ
ôˣô£ôôƢһ¥ͿǭZȼںͷ䳳ܡ
ǭZȼ˵ˣͷƲһߡ
ԼҲˡ
û˵
ȼȼԷڿڣֹǭZȼߵߣͷ
ͻȻ֪ΪʲôЦ
һֺͻĸоҪЦ
ģϲǭZȼɡ
Լã
ǣǺϲϲ
ǭZȼ˵һ
ǰϲǰְ֮ϲ
ǭZȼƿŵһ̣Է֪ĲٸԼˡ
֣裬죬һȥġǣҲֻǣ˵ȥѡ
ֻǿ
Ѿݲ£ǭZȼˡ
лҪ˵
ȸһ¡
һһ¡
Ȼ󣬵ڣµ⣬ԼʱҲûע⡭
ǸոѾĹ
Ȼ󣡣
Щ
֪ǿ֢
ң
ȶ²˴𣡣
ҪڴϹȣ
㣡ȥˣ
һߣ


47 
϶
ղǭZȼֵô, Է벻ֶѰ
ǭZȼüͷ, ˵
һ, й, Ҳ뷢й̫, ֲܹ˵һ˵ͻԷ, ˵, Էɡ
˵Ļ˺Է, ѿʲôġ
ǭZȼҪԼ
ԷЦˣĺǭZȼ, ֻ, ѧǭZȼյȥǭZȼա
㲻˵ŮҪЦЦôЦÿԷĦǭZȼա
ǭZȼ
Էû취ΪʲôǭZȼȴʱһСһ
ΪʲôǭZȼСһŤ, ȴÿģʲôݣ
ԷսǭZȼ, Ȼһ, ۲쿴ǭZȼķӦ, ޶ԡ
ǣһ¡
ǭZȼ
ҲǺЧ
ԷαסǭZȼȻҡҡװףͲɰˡ
㲻ȥסǭZȼһ㷴Ӧ, ̧ͷԷ㡣
ôС㲻Ҳ𣬸ղҵŰ棬Ÿһȥİ
⻰ǭZȼŶ䣬ͷ
ԷپһЦҪڽЩʲôʱǭZȼĶ
֪һֱڱ㡣ǳǳǳƤģҪģ㣬һЩϲģҪ飬ȴûйǹĸܡǣЩҲΪģģϲ㡣
ϲ㡣
СZԷǭZȼ¶Щء
ԣɲԲҪȥסһòáֻ㡭һƽĻͺˡֻҪһͺðǭZȼҧ촽üͷܽŵӡ
Ȼ׹Σȴûй顣
ûһֱŹӣڵһ졣
û뵽ǣò׳ˣվԷ˵ʱԷȴҪȥˡ
Ҫȥˡ
֮أ
ô
û뵽Щӹô飬ˣԷȴҪȥˡ
СZҡҴҲûоá
һ£ǭZȼӣֺ
飬һξΡ
ڡԷҲŮѡ
Ҫ
ǭZȼʱԷܾĻŸոմӦĻҪȥףʱܾǭZȼûзӦʱ䡣
㡢㲻˵𰸡ǭZȼЩҲڲ֪˵
СZ
һ£
ǭZȼҡҡͷ·ԼοԼڸԼʹ̧ͷԷ㡣
ۿеʪҲ֪ô£֮ǰķŭȫʧȡ֮ػš
Է㲻֪ǭZȼôģô̵ʱ֮ڣı仯
죬ӽ쿪ʼҾҪʼ׷㡣ôģҲĴʲôһҪ׷㡣ǭZȼҧҧȻԼͷڸԼͣһҪ㵱ҵŮѡ
һ䣬Ҳ֪˵Էģ˵Լġ
ۡԷ̲סЦˡ
㡭ЦʲôǭZȼһ±ơ
ô
ʲôʲô
ҵĴ𰸡
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֮ǰҵ⣬ڣһΰɡ
ʲô⡭
ǡҷ֮ǰ˵Ǿ仰ڣ˵һ顣
֮ǰ֮ǰ˵ġ
ɡ
䣡
ҡǡ
ţʲôԷǭZȼߣŲĸһЩ
յǭZȼǰ΢΢ͷǭZȼһŵı顣
ǡ
ţ
ɡ
ð



ð

ð

ð

ðǭZȼԺըˡ
ʲô
ղʲô
Էղ˵ʲô

ð
hao a á
ǡǸ˼ô
Ȼأ
Էϡ
ˡ
ǭZȼϣˡ
ǣԷ֪ǭZȼ
ֻǣܸԼġ
˵ǣԷһΣѡԼġ
֪ǡסǡס飬һ᲻ϵؽֹͣԾܾܹܾٴΣ
ϣһӸĸԷ֪԰׵飬ӸĸǡĲ
ģס
ôڡϲˡϣԷ롭Լ
Ҫӱġ
ܶ飬Է㶼Ωһ㣬ûпǵ
һֱΪǭZȼϲֻһʱ𣬶ԼȴĲϿһݡ
ֱڣ֪ղţ֪ԭǭZȼҲǹܶ飬ҲΪܶա
ΪԼΪݸ顣
Ϊˡܶࡣ
ǭZȼҲ˺ܶࡣ
Ϊ
Էˡ
ˡ
ҪִȥǭZȼ޷ֿǭZȼĿ޷ܾˡ
Է㲻Ҫһζضĸ飬ӱ⡣
Ȼ㲻Ӳ
ôһɡ
Ǳ飬һɡ
ǭZȼ±ư
ôôϵЦ⽥Ũ
ǡǡǡǡ
ˣӦʲô֪ôԷ֣§סǭZȼӣǭZȼǰ
ԷʲôˣڣֻǭZȼһ
ҲĿնֻΪ˵ǭZȼɡ
ǭZȼֲɵӣԷ㶼§סˣѵ֪ʲô˼ô
ǲģȡɶ˵
ǭZȼҲ˳§סԷһԼϣȻȥ
һ೤ּҵǣһӿǡ
ǭZȼˣһ̵Ĳ࣬һԷ欵ģ
ڡ
ٺ١
Ǻǡ


١
ȵȵȵڿʱĪðСǣˡ
ÿ֪ǭZȼڷüͷһҪһǭZȼעںôϵĺһϻϰ
Ҳ˵̫ԣôְԱأ̫ǭZȼҲûӡ
ɡǭZȼôô
дһǭZȼǡûˡ
շֻҪڿʱĴ߶һ£ߵǭZȼλԵʱĲһǭZȼĽš
߹ֵĸ߸Ьһȥ
໡˻
ǭZȼһӻסԼ͡
ZȼôˣסЦʵ
ûûʲôûôãáȻǭZȼ߿ĸա
ֻ˵ǵܼ˵һ¡
˻
ǭZȼĽŻʹ
֪ģԷǵĻ棬ָԺС
ǭZȼֵˡ
лҪ˵
ϣˣ

໣
ϣ
ȥ
ʱ٣оԼ˧
˭˵Ҫϴģޣ
ҵ٣


48 
ȿȡǭZȼŽʹ, վ̨ȥ
, ڻ֮ǰ, Ҵ, лҵĵͬʱҲϣ, ֮ĺܹ졣Ϊ˱ʾϵĳ, ҲΪ˻ӭ, Խ, ߹˵͡
ңͲһǸյسô, , ø
ΪϵĹʣнˮء
͵ǡ˸ոյĳ𱻡
ߣԼ, ռƽˣѵô˵İ
ٺ١
̲סҪ뵽ǰˡ
Ӧˡ
ҵŮ˚G
ǡҸһôô
֮һô
֮䡭Ӧʲô
ǡҲǻþ, ܾú񡭡ûʲôرĸı֮ģ
Ĳϵһ뷢֮ǻ, ѭ, ǭZȼ⼸̡
Ȼ˵ǭZȼȷǺԷһˣǴӺܾǰʼ֮ദѾǳ޼, Ҫ˵Ļʵ֮䣬޲
ڣֻǶһĹϵѡ
ûʲô
ܹȷܹ˵ԼԷ֮Ѿһ˵ء
šܼ˵û롣տǭZȼּҪзˣעת˵Adaһ»ˣȥͳһϲʲôȫҵϡ
ǡAdaܻ£ԲŻᱻѡΪҲ֪󷽣ͬǺ֮ģǽⷦôˣҲѹǭZȼôôҪá
˵ǰһʦĽʦ˰
ÿοʱҲǣһݲȵӣ³۶
ֻ25ѣԼ䲻¡
Ada࿴˸ռۡ
ض³˵䡣ǭZȼվûǣڻڿᣬһ黹ûн
һƬ֮У̨Ц̨µˣ˵ϣϺ졣Ҳϣÿһλ֮ͬ䣬ܹȺúõϤһ£ܹڹʱദһɫεĺͬʱҲллո߹衣
ЦſգЦֵϣУ֣ʵҾͲ
ȻҲ¶Цݣ졣
š졣Ҳ֣͸֡
ġ
ȡ
粻üüͷ΢΢һ£վûбֳһЦݽβ
֡
ɢԺAdaȥѯÿһλͬµĿζһһ¼
ȵҵ˶߹ˣڸҲ׼뿪ʱǭZȼס
ߵſڣͣһ
Ϳҽе¶ͷѧǭZȼˣȻŷһ˵Щûѧ㡱ˣɲԵ׽ô
ն˶٣û˵ȻбۣҲȥǭZȼһҪȥӡ
ûµġĴβԼģ
ն˵ǭZȼʲôˡ
ɫѲᡣ
ϾǭZȼֹɫѰ
ѧ㡫СѧðɡǭZȼֺʮһӣ֪ĻΪڳأҲ֪ҲŸոһ𣬲ӰѾôС˵ǰɡ
źãȥɣ㲻Ҳ˵ôҲκĸˡ߰ɣ߰ɡ˦˦֣ǴӦˣȻǭZȼÿζҲǺƢÿζӦˣϾǭZȼһԹ渺ˣֻǰѸڹ֮϶ѣԭ˵ûʲô㸸ǱߣҾ͸˵ͬȥĳȥˡ԰ɣ
õģǳлǭZȼһѱסգ໡Ҿ֪ѧԷ
߰߰ɣ߰ɡˣȻ¶һЦݣǭZȼ˵ҪŶ
ţǭZȼĸյļȻɱ˻ҵſڡ
ǭZȼߵ̫ûüܿſĥԥĺ磬Сײ㣬û°ɣԲ𰡡Ҹողǹģ˼ûﲻ
ûû£ҪġС顣ȷŵˣãǭZȼײʱûкײˣûôء
翴ǭZȼû뿪û飬÷ϣ´СĵͺˡǵøոպСǭZȼʲôµӣ㲻ȥô߰ɡ
ţԲ㣬´һעġ
߰ɡ
˵ԺǭZȼͷ뿪Ͼ籾˶˵ûˣҲһֱŤȥ
ǭZȼ뿪ıӰԺ󣬺ߵʱȴһ㲻ԾʶԼҶ׹ҶĶˡ
տ˸ոյһĻļ˹ʺ˵ôˣ
ҵĶˡϵһŶȡȻ쵽յǰ̯ԼĵǿʣµĶ
ûϵͻҵġƽ˵ÿ춼ఢɨǴɨʱһҵġ
ˣԼҾͿˡ˵ţֽļ£ҪʼĴҡ
Ҫôһʡ
š֪Ҳ֪ڻشûнϣѹû˵ģ֮شЩ塣
ס˵㴩ȹӣҶ಻㣬һҸఢ˵һɨϸһ㣬Ķһԭġ
һ£תͷһ۸գޱȼᶨֻǡǸģǡ
ұ֤һҵġġյ֮䣬Ųɵƶ˵ԺԼ̫һЩ
ðɡлл㡣üͷϵİ칫¥Ҳ̫ǿ͸ҵŴ棬еͬ￴ۣ֮ͬͲ̫ˡ
ռڵϵļݸ硣һ뿪˻ҡ
Ѿ뿪ǭZȼȻ˵̰࣬أҲһ̾һ죬Ͼ°ǰһʱ뿪ѡ
Ͼ°ʱߵĻ쳵ҲûãΪ°߷ʱĶ³
ǭZȼô뿪ҲΪȥԷ㣬Դһ֮ǭZȼ˼ͳƮԷȥԴΪˣ˵ǶԷ㣬Լô˼Ĺˡ
Էһ֮͸޼ɵģˡ
ôҲô磿Է°ֱȥͣǭZȼĳ
ԴǭZȼʼԺԷͺϺĬģ˾ҪˣȻʵҲ֪ǭZȼǲÿ춼
Ҳˣÿ춼ڴ
ڴǭZȼ᲻
ʱԷҲҪ°࣬ҪǭZȼʱô룬˼ͻҲĹ
Ȼ󡭡Ҳ룬ǭZȼ᲻Ϊ°ˣҪԼʱ䣬һڡ֮ġ
Ů°࣬ȻҪǭZȼվڳǰĽӹԷĹ°ĵš
ǭZȼرϲ˵Ůѡ֣Ϊÿҧ˵ֵʱܻһֺ˷ܵĸо̲סģǳģҲҲΪ˵Ļܹ֤ԷѾΪŮѣ顣
ˣƤӡԷԵȥǭZȼС䡣
ϬһģȻԷǭZȼЦӲҪҲܾǭZȼ˵Ůѡ֣ҲΪǭZȼûаȫС
ܹһֱȥĻһò˰ɣ
ǡϷһ㣬罺ᡣ
лҪ˵
£
ȮҲλͯЬ˵Ͳ᲻
ȻôǶض԰www
Ȼ󣡣
Ҫ𣡣
֪ǿ֢һĻ
ң
ߡ㣡ࡿ㣡
ǣ
ҲκҶǿ֢𣡣
ȻҲҪ
ǻиãȱ˺
Ȼ󡡹ڿҵ˵һ
ƪ̫ᱻ
ҵʱӦûŵ
ƱᷢġҲ˵һ
һȻǵ
µС֣ߣ˵
ǰƱ飨飩֤ᣩ
Ȼȥ복Ʊ֤롡ܿ
𣿡в׵ĵط
Ⱥҡԡ
󣡣
ǹҲǹ
һܹ
zensshadow
Ҫϵǲ´



49 
Ada
, ߹ʡ
һҽճ̱
, ǡյAdaʼбŵļгһݺɫƤļ, 㿪ʼ, ȸǭZȼܼȥؿһʩȣȿĻ, Իϣ11໹һݺĺͬҪĿ, ȻȥϿ, ͨһ¹Ϻ顣
յͷ, һʱ䱻ŵģҲѾϰˡ
ʱ򡭡ʱ䱻, Ҳһ¡ͲпеĻ, ȥһЩʵʵ顣
˵ֻҪйŮ, Ѿ㹻ˡ
Ѿ㹻
һͳһʮ־µС, ȻԱ߷һŷһСֽ, ǩ, дǵַ
õġAdaСŷⶼСպã߹ʣʲôҪԸ𣿡
ʶ񣬻ع, ֿAdaʵܼ࣬˾ô
ѾˣҸոڵܼ࣬յ˾á
յͷţûˡ
AdaҲͷ˵ǣȳȥˡ
áտAda뿪ıӰ̲סüĵĶ
ǣҼĵĶϣʲô𣿡
ûУȥɡ
AdaͷѾŰˣųȥյȴڶ𣬡һ£Ada
ǡAdaͣ½ŲһתվѾߵǰùǸСԼŷ⡣
ԼˡտŵСӣԼհ׵ŷ⣬˶˵лл㡣
˺һ칫žǸСӺŷӦշŵ˳档
գգ۾Ȼӿڴóֻι㵽˾˰ɣ
԰죬лѧæллѧ⣬ллллллѧ㡣ǭZȼһھллӴҪиڣʱȥԷ´š
˵ֲǰɡ
ӴιǭZȼЦĵĲˡ
óͦҲ¡һûСεǡ
ιҪҪǲµô׼ڵ绰һͷǭZȼƲƲ졣
ŶҺòñ΢ЦϾտ
Ҿһ˵˲㿪ЦˡҲһۣÿζô׼ֻǭZȼ̫ˣʶٴΣǭZȼɲô
ҲҪõһ֮ȫȻ෴Ļش𰡡
һȥص飬ûǰɣճںģһΡ
ҵȻûǰŹְ
ûǣֻǡǵ˶ѡ
ǭZȼ飬ʮ֮ͣ㿪ҿ
ˣֱȥǱߣСʱ󹤵ؼ̾˿Կɣһ·ԴּȥӴ
٩٩֮͹ҵ˵绰˿ǭZȼĻᣬҲǭZȼΪߵΥĻ
̸ð
á
մ˼ݱҪļŽ˹°Ҫ̧뿪ʱȴʼջǷǸյĳϣԥˣ룬óǸСӺŷ⣬ûзŵԼĹ°ѡֱӷŵԼĿڴ
Сʱ
ϱ˾ǣϵ⣬ҸոտĶʲôǰ칫ŵЩɹֽдϸû⣬ĵطǳ֡
ǭZȼüͷһҲûЪţ˾񲿵ͬΪܹ˳Ĺÿһʽȥɹϣ¹̺Ͳϻʲô֮⣬ҲΪܹ˳Ĺɹòɹȥںˣ͵ϣһ̣ṇ̀ˣ˭ܸΣ
ձǭZȼһЩΪڰ칫ԥʱ򣬡һЩʱ䣬ȵ˹һʲ֪ǭZȼȥ˹ǱߴС칫ͿһĻǭZȼЩ
ղɫ߹ȥһǭZȼǭZȼǸˣ΢һ£ߵһߣһȺԱĲ˵
߸˵ؿʼһͷͲֺãǭZȼô˵
ǭZȼߵһԣԱЪȻԼҲ˵ԱߵļͿʼ棬ѻȸÿȴĻţʱĬ˺¡
˴ӵӣɨļݣžһͰˤˣܴһ
˭ܡմӲϻ˭Ҫ侲öࡣ
ҡңҡȺǰһСľ֡
һԲֻҵ칫ҵ绰Ȼյǵ棬칫绰˹˾Adaңաͬʱڳÿһ˶ܹͨݡ
ǣ߹ʣʲô£
ܹڳ˶ܹ˵һݽԱ֪ͨ飬ԼһΥӶͬ׷ļǰҪļҵİ칫ϡ
Ȼǡžһչҵ˵绰Ѿû¶ȣֻʣ䣬˭ôĻھ˵ǩ֣뿪
㲻ûйϵ
㿪ΥͶͬģ
Ϊ˭˵ǾͿ
ҪĻǿģ
һʱУССĿռӵǭZȼԴۣվߵյߣ̧ۿճͷ
ǭZȼ֪һţǸڸ˵ûϵ
ܶʱ򣬺ܶ飬ǭZȼãԼҪȸմϺܶ࣬ʵϣûиôܹ࣬侲̵̬ʱڣٶȽɵƯƯġ
ǭZȼûһЩ˵ķͷ˵ղϵ˵ոֲʶ࣬˵աܶܶ࣬ǭZȼҲ֪
ЩģΪ˽Щ̫࣬ںܶʱ򣬸ĳ̶ֳ˵ԷԼġ㡱ԼܶණµķʽҲã˵ĵҲաǭZȼáԼ͸պ
ҲˣԷԼĽ֮в֮¶ԸյһųʱǭZȼҲûΪնϽͷ
ΪǭZȼ˵øķͷ֮ģΪʮĬأľ飬ԼչʾĴ뷽ʽɲԼ飬ԸմӲȣǿȡ
ʵ˵ǭZȼȷܶ࿴˵ɡǰҲǺô˸ʮ꣬ϾЩӶĻججģܹµ̫١
ֻصڿ֮Уûзŭ˵ĻȴȷŭӵЧ
ҲЩļϵô£磬ն˶٣ÿ˶¶ȣ񶼱ûٸ˵û˸̧ͷȥնӵûУ5ǰǱңܼһ𸴣Ļȫҹ
˵Ժ󣬸ģͻȻЦ֮ǰ˵Ҫңðⳡ˾򡣹ݡ
иָССϻĹ˾ֻ߲ҵ绹֮⣬󲿷ֵˣ֪ǰ·ң֪ǰһʦĽʦ֮ŸǭZȼϹʱܶ˶ȴ൱൱
ںôΪһ죬ЩڱſЦˣ۾
Сȼߡ
Ź°ǭZȼߡ
˿ȥᣬһȺ˵Ŀ⡣
лҪ˵
ҵǿ֢Ѿû
ǡˡȡǡлл
ȡ
ȡ˵һ¡Ϊʲôϡ⼸
Ϊҡһʼڡ¡
С¡ĵĴ󡡸롡Ҫ
֮󼸡졡ҡҡ岻桡
Ҳľ͡ȥҽԺˡȥҽԺġ鲻̫
ʵд桡û
Բ㡡ȣѣ
Ȼ㡡Ⱦ⡡¡šģʽô
˵һһ
СZСѾһˣ浱ȻῪʼչã
ȲҪġСZСϷȻ
һ¡֮ôдΪҷǰдͦСZɳ
СZһ
ûôдǸˡһչһ
桡ͦϲյԸ
ô˵ءǡԸˡ㴦䲻һ
һˡ
ҼǵԼеʱΪǸʱжҲδ
ǡϣԼܹΪһˡ
ǽ
ȥˡ


50 
һ·û˵, ǸǭZȼ, Լĳ, ȻǭZȼڳ侲, ûãˮ, ֵһƿˮǭZȼ
ǭZȼû˵ָյݹ̲, ûհ̲, ΪûպЩΪ֡͡˲ء
ӹ, һڣ˻, ˵, ˵ѧ㰡
ţʲô£ոϰߴ̲
ղ˵ġôȻɣǭZȼøô˵ôûʲô⣬ǺողŶ, ҲŸտʼǿеĹһȫְĻ, ᵢ󹤳̵Ľȡ
ʲô˵ոҪǹ飿˹ĺһ̲, ǰһֻҪ֪ǵ̬Ρ
, Ҫǰû𸴣̬Ȳأ
ǾǶսһ飬ζȻǲ˲ٰȻζһģصĽϾQ, ζҲ
㲻õģ˹м¼ˣ¼ƵӰÿ춼Զ棬Ժ󶼻ᴫ͵ϵıҪְҲûйϵǱԼŶӣǿʱ̣߸һˣᣬļµĹͺˡ
ԱнˮͣټϸҲãҪҵµĹɻһ£ֻµĹҪĥڣһֻʱػϤȻõİ취ڵǰˣóǵ̬
ǭZȼŵͷǰҪְֻ߸һˣһˡ
ͨ˰ɣ
ȻҵĴǣȻһͨǭZȼNɪ
OKȻˣǾ³ɡ

ȥϿᡣ
Ŷ
ûһǭZȼ͸ձһ𿪳ϣһѳͣͣ˵ݵ7¥ŴӺ֪ڲڹ˾档
ǭZȼ˿ʱ䣬11ˣڻϵĻûһֵߣͷЩ鷳̫˷ʱ䣬ǸɴȥԷɣ⸽
OK߰ɡ
鷳㣬֪ͨһ㣬ҲǶ³ϵǭZȼܼ͸ո߹һʱЩҪ̸һ¡
õġ
ȥһû⸽ء
߰ȥط϶⡣
һʳζܺõϵ꣬Ҳܾûȥˡ
˵Ժ󣬲
ǭZȼһܣ㲻ִ͵ĸ˷˵ͶУһҳʱӦҡ
ĻȻͦӵʱʱĲ¥ĵطôôôû˵
ǭZȼ渹ţȴûʳϾ֪ȻһԻӲȥѳԵĵطԶ
ܹ֪óԶˡ
һʲôҲģĴ˿ͦһʱûɣװҲӣʳζӦûбɣϰҲûлˡ
ûɣʲôóԾ͸ҵһݣζࡣȷ࣬ΪÿθյĵǭZȼԵʱ򶼺⣬ͽȤζͶɣȤһζҲࡣ
аɡֻǳһ۲˵ûϸ㰴ϵİťûһϰԹˡ
λˣʲôϰֽͱʣ΢΢ͷѯʵϸһŷЩ죬Сհþû˰ɣ
ǰϰ塣΢΢һЦӦþòҪһʳҪһţ
ţ͹㿾㣬ӣ԰ɣ
һ㶣Ȼͷ˵ţԡɳҪּʱ߲ľͿˣ͡һݷѺһĢ㣬ҪĨĽ˹
𣿡ŤͷȥѯǭZȼҪĻڸġ
OK
õġ
ȵϰ뿪ԺǭZȼͻȻС˵˵ѧ㣬㲻ǡô
ǭZȼǵ֮ǰʱӦĸ׵ҪȥԷΪ˲ӣӦǳһ㣬һ̵ֱȥϴּˡ
ǴԺǭZȼ֪ˣԼ˵ǣζȳҪкܶ࣬ǴģΪܲζ
һ΢㶣˵ţ͹㿾ûζܽܡζͦġ
G֪ĻҲˡǭZȼҲϲζôУֻôȵ˶˵óԲˣһζܺð
Ȼҽϰĵĳ㣿
òòáǭZȼͻȻһ۾⣬˵ҿ´δҼС´ξܳǸʲôţ͹㿾ˡ
εķ˸ۡ
ǣ˵ǭZȼ
е˰ǲչ˵Ŀ⣬һ쵽ģ޽ƺ޹˼ɵģʱ䳡صģ
ǭZȼ˵һ䣬̸˲𰡡
뻹ˣ·ôѣΪǭZȼѧ㣬ǲȥˮˡ
ܹһǳ׵ˡ
ܹһôҲһ°ɡ
ס
ôˣ
˳ǭZȼɻĿ⿴ȥǭZȼڴʱĶ
ǸˡɣԭҲɡŶˣϾ긽֪Ҳ֚G
հͷŤֵͷʲôҲû˵
ԱǸ˭ôǭZȼĵİţӻͦ˧ĚGüĿ㣬۹⻹áǭZȼںߵǸ˵òȷʮ˧
δɡĵôӳһ仰
δô֪ģǭZȼ΢΢ЩȣϾûGôԵСֵš
˵¡
û뵽ҲİȤҵѧ㰡Ҳûôɽôû뵽ҲȤ
ֻЦЦû˵
δҲһ˧һ䡣ӦҲ˰ɡ
顣
Ĳˡ
Ųͳһһˡ
˿ʼһ߳ԣһһûһš
˵
ʲôǭZȼҨʳѾûôˣֻڸ̾յ۹治ζҲĺʳúôΣ
´һҲҪԷδο
ŸƮɢζǭZȼݺݵͳһڳ
һֱߣһֱһŵһŲӣظһ飬ζʮġð㡣
ĸ׹ʱҲá
һ顣
³ɶԵʱҲá
һ顣
ܷҲá
һ㡣
ڡʹʱҲá
һ㡣
Ǹˡ
š
һֱߡ
š
ôһοɸİ£ǭZȼڸ̾ʳζʱҲз
ɲŮò衣
ζ㡣
ѧҲôã
ǰ
֧ģ
лҪ˵
ˣ
໰¡ΪҪȥ
Խ硡
㡡Ⱦ⡡Űôô
ҡдʱС롡顡ʡ
д֮ҡĴ𡡰ǡһ㶼Űۡ
󡡣
㡡ȵġ͡ôôww


51 
ס𣿡ǭZȼͻȻͣ, ҲûٳԶ, ôðһ仰
ʲôɻ, ̫˼
Ϊ, Ӧá᲻ʲôŶԡǭZȼ̧ͷգҡôôע, ЩţûʲôȤô
ǡǡ֧֧
ǡ
ɡ
, ԴҵȷǺ, ʵ, ô¶
ǰ, ꡭĸ׹, ڣ»ͦ䶯ĲôԡǸʱ򣬾΢עһ¡
ˡǰ, ڡҵҴǰɣǭZȼһ, ѽ, ǡ
š
˵ơ˵һ, ǭZȼ̧ͷʱǰһ㶡һֶû취˵
ţʲôֽôûǭZȼķ㶣ǰֽƵǱȥ
ˡ㡭Ȼܹ˼ұ˼Ұͽɡ̫ôˣû뵽ʱͳ, Һøոûж졣
ţˡ²Ǻܸߣóƽ֮Ҳ֪鲻ѻǾ񲻺ãǾŷȣһİ
ѧһġ
ѧ㡭ѧǡóóȻӳôһ仰˵ں󣬺ͻȻԼʵЩ̫ˡ
İǡ
֪˭ǲҪġֻԵ̫ûòǭZȼѾָˣԡջعͷź磬ôһ˲䣬ͫ׷Ŵ󣬶ֻòĵ˵ͷǴк
㰡۾ϸյһ˲䣬ֻûɵ֡Īģڡ
ɿ˱ǣס֣ʶճȭҲ֪ô£յԵ˵ʾ⣬Ҳֻû޷ͣ޷Ӧ
ۣǲ˼𣿡ǭZȼΪΪ˿δһԷܲ˼Բɿ֣ѹ֮ǰȥϵʱ˵㲻ںϣԭˣҪԷ˵ܽôλǡ
ǡȥ˺ϰεЦЦȻֵܹĽԵˣ˵
Լ˵ɡ껷壬á껷òȥ
ʲôǭZȼ𾪵
ʲô껷壿
껷壿
ô
ǭZȼǵǰʱ򣬳껷Ͳӵİǵòôȫһ
ѵֻͬͬնѣ
ǡǲҲ̫һЩͬͬյ˶ѣΪʲôƫƫͻôɣȫˣ
⵽ô¡
СȼղǭZȼĲԾ
㡭ǣʶҲʳڡ
֮ǰм𣿡껷һ֪ӡ
ûûСǭZȼ˫Ǻɣǻ˻Լƽ˵˼ʧ̬ˡšϴ˰ɡԲ𰡡
ûϵ
šҡǣˡһ뿪ˡ
ոͷβЩĲɵģҲ֪ΪʲôΪˣŸӵľ÷ꡣ
ţáô㣬翪ǭZȼҲ÷ƣΡ
Ϊûϴˣ
ѵļ⣬ǰʱ򣬳껷屾ǳӣǡļĳ⣬ô˺δ
Ȼ껷ûԤڳ֣˺üողų֡
Ȼ껷Ǳ˵δ򣬸Էûκιϵ飬ǭZȼӦǺܸǡôء
ǰȫһĻôҪôźã
һҪֻϴ˶أҲոǰǸ껷壬ֻǸеǸˣͬͬնѣʵ˸޹ϵĻôǰеǸӦǰͳֵĳ껷壬ء
ô˵ԷΪʲôҪһ𡭡
ġôô
ǡԷһˡһô
ҲҲֻҲѰ
СȼСȼСȼǭZȼļ򣬴ӸոǸС껷塱˳ֿʼǭZȼͿʼţ˶״̬Ƶġ
ţôˡѧ㣿
㻹ðɣôôǸʲôϵô
šû¡ǭZȼҡҡͷŬ¶ЦݣģûܡͻȻѰɡûµġûµġ
ûµġ
һûµġ
ոЩʺš޹ص󡭡
ǼԷɡ
š
ĳԷô죬Ҳǲ죬ֻ˵棬װ˲ٵ¡
ǭZȼΪǸ껷塱ĳ֡
ҲΪǸ껷塱ĳ֡
ֻǡǭZȼΪԷ㡭
աΪˡ
ǰΪʲôأ
վ밡Ҫںء
ʲôϵ
ոաзʲôΪʲôҪôں
桭ΪʲôҪиء
ǰƾʲôȥں
ں˵Ĺϵôں֮ǰǣŵôںϴŵǸ͵Ķ
գƾʲôء
Խô룬Խ⡣
ʮӺ󡣺ϴ¥
ԣǵ˼ǣεĶϣúҲһֹȥ˾һô
ţûǲڿǰ̸һ̸ǭZȼ͸մ˿ںİ칫̸Ŀ⣬Ŀ˾һԡǵ˼ϣ˾һһĹҲǡҹ˾Ľ֮ĺϵ㿴¶ôأ
ðͷʾͬ⣬ⷽ棬ңϣ˵ġȹ쿪ʱ׼صļҿûʲôͿǩˡ
ǵ˼ǡ쿪ʼϣϵһֹܹʼ
ôô
š磬Ҳֱ˵ˣǱ߳һЩ⡭ʱϱȽϽš
ãˡϣ㣬һڹǱߣ׼ʱġϾҲҹ˾һ飬Ϊϵ⣬ĿƳ٣ԺҲЩӰ죬ټҲЩСѣȻûԥһھʹӦˡ
áǭZȼҲͷһھʹӦ̫ˣ͸ˣڻЩ£翪ʱǻ׼ʱġ
š
һֱһ飬ԴӦ֮˵߹ʡһ¡ʶģȥץ˸յ֡
üͣʱ򣬿źģЩá
ʲô£
Ը㡭һô˵ͻȻСϾ˽¡ԡ
պǭZȼˣǭZȼʶ˵㡣뿪ȥ칫ɳŵȣ˳ֹ˰칫ҵš
š졭޵ϵĻŪ˶顣
ʲô£յһֱȽ䵭
ʱЩ飬ǲֻ֪Ƿǵװ֪ɡ
˵һҵġҲĨˡ
ޣǼ鰡պһˡ
ʲô
Բ𰡡ҲСҪҵˡǣЦŵǸ

˵Щʲôʱ򣬸ͻȻ˵
ĶƯЦ͵۾һֱû뿪ϵһԶδİɡոڲʱ򣬲Сɿˡ
˵飬ʲôϵôȫԣ˵ЩʲôĪ
ȻаȻѾһµĶﻹȥǸһġںˣǰҶĵǸһɡ˰ɣ

Ÿ˵ЩͻȻüһġ֤˫Լ۾ڡȴЩ޷ǸˣǰνնϺ
ڣصһµĶô
Ȼ㻹ҪôҲ΢ЦݣȥңҲδҵĵ˰ɣҲ˵һ˰ԣںСǶҸոյ鲻ô
ȻͻȻȫ֪Ӧ˵Щʲôˡ
Ǹ˵ұ֤˵ˣô
ʵԼ
ǣ𡣡
˽ô
Ļش
粻֪ΪʲôͻȻ
֪һֱ֪һĮˣ㣬Ĵ綼ܺԼ⣬ô˵أָоǺͰɡ
Ҳչ¹Ҳȫģ
Ҳûмպ͹ϵʮֲദʱģǭZȼǭZȼദĸգǻἸ֡
ǣǸնһʶͨˣҲòأΪʲôһԼͱ˴⬣
Į֮⣬ء
ʱڸն˵ұ֤ʱôһ˲䣬ãܵ˸նͬᡣ
ǽأǸոأأ
ʧ
ʧ
е飬ĻͲӦôӦǺ˵һ仰ѾҪ˵ʲôû뵽վһˣķȻ෴
ʹȥ
ȴյڶ𣬰칫ֻܾܾܹ
ҲҪ¡
칫ҵţûϣѵҪСһô
ߵǭZȼǰǸ˵˼Zȼм㡣
ʲôǭZȼȻڰ칫浥͸˵ʲôƺҲ̸ܹ̫ܵ졣
ʵȫ˵ǺܲɣΪоһŻ𡭡Ҳź߳ĸգϵıŤǭZȼֱ۸ܡ
һ𿪹Ķ԰ɣԲǼҿճкҪĶˣȥҡ㣬СдŽҲǡ
ǭZȼһ㶣Ȼ˵ޣðҸǴ绰ڰѻҿճ
ãлл㡣ھ͹ȥϡ˵̶Աߵ齻˼䣬ƱҪߡ
㣬Ҳȥ˾Ҹһȥɡ
á
ǡʲôǸգҺȥˡǭZȼĸˣͺ磬Ƿֱ𿪵ĳԼҲܻȥ
šն˶٣·ٶȣ
յ֣ôһ˲䣬˶ٽŲȴٺͣߵ
ʮӺͣ
ղ֪ԼôߵͣģӲ֪Լôسģ֮ǰ˵ĻһӡûС
ֻ֪һ̣񡭡ӺϣΪʧı顣
˵Щˡô
ú¶ʧıˣô
Ϊʲôء
տЦ
ʲôʸʡ
ֱ͸
Ҳã֮䣬Ҳá
ͳͳ͸ˡ
лҪ˵
סҡڡһ˳һ¡͡ǡ
ڡд⡡һµʱдġ࡭
ġѧġ۸ߡհ
ȻҡҪ˵ľ͡лл㡡֮ǰΪΡҡǿ֢ǡô
Ϊ˱Ҷԡ㡡ȵġСл֡ҡҪΡ㡡ȵǿȡ֢
⡡Щȫҡȡİ



52 
㡭Ѿ˿ճ, ֮ǰʹҵġ֮󡭡ҪΪĿһл, Ѿ˵ԡ
ûϵ, лл㡣˵Щû
ڵ, ˵ܲһֻ֮⣬ʲôûа취ȥ롣
֪ݱĽĻ, ŪʱԼȥ, ΪʲôҪȥűء
֪, ¶Ϊ, 졭죬ֻǸ, ӽˮ˰ɡ
ǰ
˵
ΪʲôҪŸա
һ¹, ǳҲֻ˵ͬ¹ϵ˻ͬͬ˾Ҫ˵ְλ, 
ôأڹǰ, Դдĸм, Ҳδıİ˶, ʲôħˣ
㣬ʲôҪôǭZȼʵȻѾӦ˼ңȻҪãҪôͲ, Ȼ͵ôƣñఢҲһҿɣ
ǶԼҾͿˡлл㡣ͬһϣɲҪٷδ󣬿ҡ˷ʱ䡣
ֻڡҪϣûش
Ǻðɣҡʲôֱ칫ҡ
õģлл㣬Zȼ
˵Ժ󣬺ͷҲصĿʼͷҡ
ǭZȼģҲ֪ô£ֻ̾һһҵţȴһűŮǣŻҵվһš
ô£
ܼ࡭ܼá
ôˣ˭ǹģ
ܼĻǡǡ
˭ǭZȼ֧֧ӣ˶٣תһ룬ܹ˵ݡټƫƫҡ⡭˭ء
ΪҵԱߣһƬ͸Խҵ۵ס
ȻҲװ˰ҶˣñˣӦǸӵĽСİɣ
ЩһΪ˵סڻҶʱǱģǣԸȫŮӣǲ湤˿ǱģЩıҲԡ
˵Ļ

Ǹ
ȻҪô
һȻܹúȫ˼һ³ͷɢĶڻͷϸҡ
ա
Щˣû˰ɣ
Ҳֻ˰ɡ
ȻǭZȼҲûųԼϤһеĸյϢٶĿܣôǸյĿԸ߰ɣ
Ǹ߹ʣ

˵Ĭ˰ɣǷģҲ߹˵ġ˵ԺǭZȼΪԷһһ䣬ڡ߹ʷԸǵ飬ˡ
ˡǭZȼߵյİ칫ңţİ칫Ұһ𣬾Ҳ̫Զ

İ칫ҵʱǷʲôôǭZȼ˵仰ûЪΪո뿪ֹģԶˣһ仰ֲǸϹӣóǵġ̸̸졣
ûʲôֻһЩСѡ
𣿡ǭZȼüôأԼǲҲ̫һЩء
ΪպԷһǭZȼԼǲǰ̫ľԷϣǵã˵ûпȥԼѧˣ
ļͷļƣת̧ͷȫȻעǭZȼģһ˵ʲôңҵ˾ҵϰ壿ҵѣ ֮ǣ»˽¡
ʲôһ˾ϰ壬ҴûôϵķɹʣҪ˵ҵļ𲢲ߡ˽ҵѧ㣬ҵѣҹʲôô˵ô尡յһЩʵ˼ǭZȼо̫滹̲סġ
û˵ļ
ȻÿճַŻأһºȴûо˵Բ𡣡
ѧ㣬ҲԲҲдӦҲ˵ô塣յǸӣǭZȼ̡
㳳˰ǡܳʲôءô£
ն˶٣ѹﷳƣü仰ǭZȼһ´ʲô
е㷴ม
Լã
Ļó¶ֲͷȥȫ㣬Ӧ˼ҰҶˣ̬ȻôǭZȼУȻӦ˱ˣӦͲӦ
Ӧ˺Ǿ仰
е飬ĻͲӦôӦ
仰ҲһֱڸյԺ֮У֮ȥ
ʲôԸˣǭZȼ˽⣬˽һ
ԡ
۸ն˶ô䵭߶ôģһˣȥѡԷһΪӦ˱˵ˡ
պ˽ԼΪ
ǭZȼ֪һ㡣
ǭZȼҲüͷˡ
ǡı˵˰ɣ
Ÿգ۾ͻȻϾЦݣǡа񣬡ɱҸ˵˰
ʲôüͷʵ
㣬̫һɣһˣȴûġ
ô
Ӧ˵飬ȴ˵ˣⲻ㡣һԳеĸգ𣿻ˡ
ɢŵüͷҲЦҪõʲô𰸣ˡ
รʲôˣ˵㲻һ飬һԳеĸ飿
Ҳش⡣Ѿˡ
ֻ
ʲôʱ򣿡
ʲôʱ
ǣʲôʱء
ãȻô֪ĻҾ͸㡣
GðءǭZȼ䡣
յѾûЦݣȴҲûŭ䵭ʧȡ֮ǣǰδе棬Ұͺ磬Ǿԣܡ
ǰ
Բܡ
ǭZȼǭZȼ̫ˡ
ҲҸ˭ԣܣΩ
ǭZȼףҪЩʲôȴо˸նԴ˵ĿܣҲֻ˵ðɣȻȥˡ
˶٣뻹˵飬չΣӦǸΪʲô
Ϊ㣬һֱǣԳеĸա
ϣ㣬ҪԼ˵ѡ
ǵһΣǭZȼӸյ۾˿ʲô
ǰʱиоǸйµˣǡ
ɸյ£ȴ
Ҳɡ
̫ߣʧġ
˵ʲôʱСմȥ԰һ롣
㣿̰ɡüǭZȼѣȻǱСûֿɲңŲռŮıء
ҡˡ
š
Сա
ظ֡
Сա
Сա
ɵЦ
˻ڰ칫ͷҡ
硣
˵
Ǹ壬ǿհס
ֻϲǸϲϲ˵ɵϲʱӵİɣһЩһЩˣûеֿǺϲҲһɡ
򲻵ģҪ֮
Ӳôȴδʧ
ҪֻʱԺ֮Уö֮ΪһϰߣΪһֱȻ
ڣݱȻڸյ׿ڴ
лҪ˵
֮ǰΪ㡡̫ϡ⡡Ҹġס·
ҡдһ·Ŀľֻһ
󿴡ȮҲ˵ҪСҪǹƺһС͡Ҫ֡
롡дŰûɵҡ͡дŰҺááá
롡ҪдŰ
ŰŰŰŰŰŰŰ

㡡ȵǿ֢Ρá𡡣


53 
ô, 𣿡ǭZȼ, Ǽʹ, ԷҲܹоĵ, ǭZȼ̫ĵӣǭZȼ, Ц⿪ڵ, ʲô𣿡
ţ
һֱĲɵӣ˵ˣԷͷ, ɻĿǭZȼ, ·Ҫϵı飬, ҳʲô˿Ƶġ
šû, ǣ칫˾氡Щ鷳, Ҹ빤ϵǭZȼеǿĳһЦݣʳָԼա
һ, Է㿴ó, Ҳٶ, ҲƵĳ˵ǣ㻹𡣡
ʲôǭZȼعֻڲ֮䣬̾һ, ʲô
ǡ谡
ǭZȼ̫Է˼ü
㲻ǵô֮ǰ鷿ʱ跢Ƣ顣
ޡǭZȼǻȻһ㣬̫æҲͦæûʲôʱһ硣
֪ϣҡΪҺãҲӦø跢ôƢ֪Ҳǡ
ҲΪáȥô
ǭZȼüʵĸŶŮܹһãĻ鱾޿ɺǵģǭZȼǲ˰
뵽Ͳ˰
֪ǭZȼǵģ̵ĶԷ˵̣һЩӦЩģܾãۣЩܣܣͷʹɡ
ͶԷ㽱ƵǭZȼգЩЦ⣬ ùԺùԡ
ҡǭZȼͻȻתͷԷ㣬ץסԷ֣ץš
ţôô˵ô
ǭZȼֹȻԷ֣΢΢ЩԷ㽥ЩеۣͻȻʧȥƵɿ֣Ťͷֻ˵һȥǸġ
ţŶԡ˵Ǽ
Է΢΢Щʧ䡣
ôؼҰɡ
š
˰ýؼ磬ǭZȼҲشˣˣ˾齻ǷģԻֻҪڹϵ飬ǭZȼĿģ񶼲ٹʣǰǭZȼոյ˾ӴµʱĵģǭZȼɹԺ͵͵ȥļ
ǲҪǭZȼĺӣҲǲҪù˾Щûõʲô϶С㿿żĹϵ˾£ȴǸûõĸС㡱֮ģԼСŮܡ
ǭZȼͦģҲû뵽ǭZȼȻô츳ϵãҵҲְֵģο
ֻϾСһЩȻ̩Ȼɼȴ֮ǰǭZȼ鷿۵飬üɲš
ȼȼ
ţʲô£
һ¡
ŶǭZȼ߹ȥҲûǣԷ֣ߵĺȻԷ㿴߹ȥȻװְǺҪ̸ֱ˵Ȼطˡ
ãԷ㰡һһԷҲؼһص硣һһԶٷ
ðְ֡
ԷӰԶȥԺԴŮЦݣĿСŮ˵
ǭZȼüϰôһϴӣ治ϰߡ
ʲô£뽲
Gá
ǭZȼͬѧ֪ҽ˵ʲô𣿡ǿǭZȼʱĽ̵Σһ¹ӡ
֪
Ȼûʲôá
̵ô
ΰ
ǭZȼ¹̵Σ
ȿȡҾ̵ĸ㽲һ·ʹ̬ȣܲгˣ̬Ҫһ㣬˵¶Ҫô壬Ҫ侲侲
ԣ㵽Ҫ˵ʲôǭZȼƲƲ죬Ϊʲô˶ѵҲܷҲһӷ޴ɽ
ȣȻôżɽˣôҲٹĨˡȿɤӣ㿪ʼƪۡ
뽲ǭZȼ֡
أǸСô˵ҲĳвԵĵطҲӦúõһģʲô¶ء
Ȼ¶
Ҳǣ˸йص飬ʲô¶ܹô֣µĸ߶߶졣
һˣ˵ףʲôǲܹƽ͵˵أ
ǡǭZȼͻȻڡ
֪Ϊ׵¶ԷԸףҺҲٱôҲӦóаǲǣҲǣˣѾˣԼ˼룬Լж𡣡
ǭZȼ̾û˵Ǵˡ
ڸϣȷǲռ
ͨͨ˾͸Ǹȥأ˶÷ǷǶԴðְ˵ĶԣҵġǭZȼļ֪СŮǷǲֵˣֻڶѣϾǭZȼһЩ̫СûͷҲһֱŵģΪǭZȼ̫ԡ
ڷ֣Ӵ⺢ӣƢǶһ
֪ôǭZȼüͷҲˣֻЩģ᲻ҵҡ
ǣɵӡЦЦǭZȼСԴĸŮ֮иҹء䲻ġ谡ôܻء
š
һߣԷûлصԼķǱȥ鷿
裬ʵȼȼ֪ģֻǲ˼Ǹ
죬ûжԴ˷ʲôֻԷ˵ˣ죬Ҳȼȼ˵ǶԵģȻ㲻ȥףǡʱȥɡ
ԷЩȣûнĴ㣬Դûа׷׶͸Ӳֵһᣬֻ׵ĻȷЩ鷳ټϡҪ÷ġҲһֱҪ˼
ȼȼ˵ǶԵģҲӦñ㡣̾˿ʵĲҪƴŮֻǵҪܹһҵù޶ѣȻĲ׵ĻǾˡ
˵ģԷһӶޣǼҲҪˡ
衭Է㵵Ŀŷ䡣
Щ̲סпÿ죬ԷӵǼʱôСһתۡѾ˻䡣
ҵȼȼһֱûСͺܹԣȼȼС͵Ƥ΢һ㣬Һûʱ䣬ԡǺ㣬Ϊ룬ǶԵġȼȼǵĸܡסԷ֣ҲǣôСôˡ
ǳ˰
ˣˡӴˡ
֪裬֪ΪҺáң꣬ΪɣΪҺãҽϵͰְȴȻǰҵԼĺӣһֱסһֱס
ڵڷ˵ŶԣѾǼ޹ˣǭZȼ㣬ǭZȼûнùϵ
ԣܹõĸǭZȼһɡ
㣬ְѾ˵ˣǿ԰Һ񲻻ȥˡҺְֻ֣ϣܹ֡˵˵ţЩ̲סˡ
֪ģлл裬аְҲǡԷ۾Ҳеġ
ˡ
˭
ţҡ
ָԷ˲ᣬȻԼ۾ߵű߿˵ʲô¶
ȼȼл˵
ǭZȼվűߣո̸ݣϰһ
裬ҡǭZȼŷӲͷƤǸԲ֮ǰӦöġ
šЩȣһԵȫȻ֪ô¶ˣԭ㡣ЦˣǭZȼͷ
ǭZȼҲЦˣ鷿Է㿴ЦЦȴϡ
ʲôΪԷ밡
ʲôԷĸܰ
ʲôǶԵġ
Ǽٵġ
ٵġ
˵ףǭZȼǡ˽ѡ
Ϊ˽ҪԷȥףΪ˽ԶԼУΪ˽͡ûйǵκ˵ĸܣ˵ףͷβֻΪԼѡ
԰ֻһα߶ѡ
ǭZȼֻһ˽ģαߡ


54 
, ǡ緭еֽ, ûһ˿϶, д, 󻮰Ѿˣʩһֵʵ, ÿ˶϶ӦѾһʩſ˰ɣҲ˵ 
ʱ˿, վڻ￪Żᡣ
ǭZȼļȴʼ޷о, ܾε, ԼҲ֪ԼЩʲô
飬Ҫʱ̸ǽ, ҲЩĲɵ, ǭZȼѾûˣܲҲɣ
ܵһһЩźá
ҡǹ˽˽
Ժ, ֻʵϷ, ûʲô⣿Ҳ֪⻹, ܾƺǴ˼ֿ, ûʸգǿһֱûǭZȼ
ǭZȼŻعԼü䡣
óء
ǡⷽ棬OKġ
ǡ
㡣ǭZȼһؿ, ˺缴Ҫ˵ڵĻ
ʲôʵҲĳЩĲɣֻ˵֮⡭
ɡ֮ǰⷽ飬ҲĲˡ鷳ˡ
šͷ˵ɢɡĻʱȡò߻ȥؿ
ȵȫ߹ԺǭZȼ󣬸ļ˵ô£о⼸춼ĲɵġտǭZȼЩӡ
ѧ㰡û£ֻе㡭ͷΣǭZȼģûʲô
ǸóеƣǭZȼ΢üͷӣһ˵ȥɡ
ţʲô
˵ȥɡ˾飬һҡȥɣƽûôȥɡ
⻰ǭZȼһ򴽣͸ɸɵģЩѵؿ˵ˡܲǰѹ˾ȫӸɣЩѵĳһЦҡҲæ
ʲôǡˣտǭZȼϵı飬оֵֹģ˵ţ֣ǭZȼĶͷ
ôᡣء˵
Сȼ㷢ˡ϶
ǭZȼĶͷẠ̊́ɸһס֣ͷһֱð亹ǵˡѹܾһֱ˵ġ
ǰɡ
ǵġա죬ȥɣԵҩȻٺú˯һ̫ᳫһðվȥҽԺϾҲǵˣⷽرо顣
û¶˵ôذ
ǰ㻹񰡡ЩؼȥϢֻѡһǴ绰Ǽ˾㣬Ͽȥ
ðɡһؼ˯һȥͲˣԼȥˡ㲻ùҡڹ˾顭
ġ
ţѧ㡭ˡ
߰߰ɣ˸Ҵ绰
ǭZȼ仰ˣôҲԼСӰ
֪ˣ衣
Ρ
Zȼô𣿡
һ仰ðڣ˶һ㶡
û뵽绹ûߣո͹עⲻԾǭZȼȥˣҲûϵͻȻˡ
ҲǣԼҲû뵽ôͻȻ˵ˡ
ˣȥЪš
ͷҪߡ
ʶס֣Ȼ˵֣ʵҲֻѡ
ͣʾŸգʲô˼
Բ𡣡
˶٣ȴʼû˵ȴ룬ԲΪʲôΪ˸ղСץԼ֣Ϊ
Խ𡣡
ҲöˣԲһֱߣ˵ڡ
ոա
Ϊʲôء
£ԼҲ֪ɡ
Բûʱ䡣
Ȼ󣬺뿪ˡ
ܸյĵǸ
ȷӦġ
Ȼ
鷢չķȴıۡ
ŸճϿҵģ֪滹Ǽ٣ǸԼһʣʵģ
ԣһԭӦеӣ
˵ʱ䲻һŵģǣǰ۴Ͽҵ
㵽˭
һ仰һֱǻںԺУʼգó𰸹
Խ𡣡
ͷ
վǴӦ
Լ޷ķӦ
˾ôһǰһţֱ˺İ칫Ͼô˵һʺ̸˽µĺõط
ʲôڿ˵ˡ
šԼ÷ƣʲôʱŤء̧ͷҪǸǾ䡰Բȴ˵ڡ
ʵĿ⣬ա
ǡ
ʲô
Ժ󡭡͡ϵ飬ֱҽǢ
มȻء
ûˡ
šͷҲûڴʲô״Ҳ֮аɣ
ǡ
ӵˡ
š
ֱ뿪ϵİ칫¥ղعһһ䡰Բ𡱶ѣô

Ѱ
ˣǣ˵ڰ
һһ
ι˰ɣ
绰ˣյͷһǭZȼĵ绰
šѧ㣬˾ͰˣҺȥ˯ˡ
˯ɣҸ²˵һȸٰɡ˺ȹҩ֮˯
֪֪ˣҺȹҩˣ衣
Ѱ
߶ǡ
ҵ绰Ժ󣬸տͨ¼ԥһΪ̫ܱ˵¶ȷ˵Ǹ¶
Сȼˡ
Ƿ˶ţۣ֪ͨԷ㡣
ΪǭZȼǱ˰ɡô
񡭡
ԣǷļǩ֮ͺˡֱӳʵҲԡȻ󡭡ߣԷҲսһЩֻ֮˶٣˼Ȱ˵ɡ
뿪ԺԷóֻһţʾǣա
Ȼ͸ʶжԷ绰ԲʶĵطôԼţ
Сȼˡ
ŵԼֻ֣࣬ȴӦñģҪ֪ģȫ˵ˡ
ôһ˲䣬Էͫ׷Ŵ
СZһֱܺòŶԣôˡ
Է˵˹֮⣬ʣµıȫǭZȼ
ôǭZȼûôģͻȻˡòԷ뵽ǰǭZȼǳ󲡡
ŵ궼ûˡ
Էף˰칫ͬ½һֱӻؼȥˡ
ȼȼأ
ٶȻصһƿȻôţɽµĲȴûͣ£Ǽ͵ֱ¥
С˵̫Ҹҩ֮󣬾˯ˡ˵ҲҪ
š
Ӷ˵ⷬʱԷѾ˶¥
ʶֱԼķ䣬ƿ֮󣬲ŷֿһˣתߵǭZȼķȥŷѾ˯ˡ
ԷĶأµĲǺܿ죬ȴıŲٷ»ᳳǭZȼ
ֱǭZȼһ̣ԷáĶˡ
ǭZȼ˶ڱ棬һţɫЩף֮ȫ˵ɫüͷţͷϻðź
ԷԸӶëɶͷϵĺְÿǰ鷢˿ͷŵҩȻǷ˰
ӣԷüͷҲˡ
ǭZȼɪɪģԷֻԸӶ˲ҪǭZȼķҲҪԼȻ·
ӵһ˲䣬ԷܸоĵǭZȼɪһ£굽ǭZȼĻ棬ŷǭZȼϷȣȴһֱð亹

С𣿡
šǺȥϴ衣Ȼյĸصġ
ȥ䡣
ҸëԼ𡣡
š
ԻĹУǭZȼһֱûۣҲ֪ŵģ˯˵λ
ȵԷëŷǭZȼ˯ˡ

䡭
ԼһͲˡ
Ҫ䡣ǭZȼץűӲ֡
ҪСƢ·

㣬Լ
ǭZȼ뿪˱ӣӹԷеë·ѵһ룬ȴԺ˯ˡ
ԷûޣֻԼˡ
ǭZȼ˯½⿪ӣһһţ·ܻİӡ
ֱԺʶ
ǰˡ
лҪ˵
¡ӦûᡡСZС֮ᡡһĥϡڵġ
ߡպ͡ơҲ˳ƷչڡӴ
Ȼĳ׵˲ҹǵĿˡС̫
ʵ̫ϲĮùɰܡ
ĺð
ҴĺùѾŮȦ
ֱĺϲ£ȣ
ôô ôÿ
аԿ
վȫվУãգԡҿǣվģãգ
ΪϰãվȻȫͣãգҲûɶ
Ȼһ¶СѾ˵ַֺͣ
ַǣվġ
ǿҰӴ
ʾҸտ겻ҹǰʱ򡡱Ұ˶ȴû
û뵽ҹԽԽ໡ɭ
ǿĺúÿ
Сÿһճճ
ҸоǵݹġÿһĶװ
Ҫôһɫϵߺڰ䡡ߴһ
֮ͬġоݼֱ̫
һҪĻһ
⡡һ㡡ǲǵǹ
Сõָر޳ܺÿȻҲܺþ
ǣڡûָסСָ
ֱǹٷ¡ܣ
ҽֿФģͣġĺʹ
ƪһֱҶФģͣĵѭд
ôʹдô
оԼҪˡФѣ
ʵǡҲȷɶʱŰѣ
ͽ
ҪȥҵϹ
޶ˡ֮ǰ˵Ķһ
ôôУӣôôȵص˼


55 
Է, 𣿲ൽʱˡ, ļ, ЩʱԷ߹, Ȼʵˣ㿴״̬̫õӣ
, еԷǰЩ죬ǭZȼյ, ǸʱŻˡ
ûҪҪٻؼϢһҿ԰㿴šŸ顣
С顣ûġءԷЦЦ, ʵֻ˶, ǭZȼˣôȻҲܿͻ, Сͮæ𡣡

Ҧͮ, ôһЩ㶣ֻ˵һ, ֪ҸŶ԰
˵, , ΪʲôֱŤҦͮûзִ, ȻҲǻôߵˣ˸һֱܺţֻҦͮͼЩìܵӣ
֪
G
Ҳ֪
ǡҪҰ𣿡
haoҪĻѾߣȴͻȻתڵл, Է㣬ܻͻġ
ҵſ˵ġܿ졯
ˡ˵㻹һֱû˵Ϊʲôǲյ˵ְλƽȴƫƫҪ£𣿡
Ϊʲôãܹһ£Ҳͦ˵ģҲһᰡҾͦõģѵ㲻һôؾᡣ
Ǻ¡ðɣǶԵġ
˵Сȼôˣ֮ǰÿ춼Ķ԰ɣҺûˣ
Ƚæ
˵ڳģܶæϵܼ𡣡
š
ԷͷҲͷлҳǽ
߰ɡ
š
ԺǭZȼǰ˵ǳĻеĲ˵ѧʲôĬ
ʱãǭZȼǱˣǺֲǣҪ˵ǭZȼǱøӳ죬ȴֲܹô׼ȷظֻǭZȼЦʱЩŵúƵġ
뿪ǭZȼȴأ

̫У̫ݡ
Ǹ֪֮ڡ
Լ鶼ãƲˣôȥĹܱ˵أοԼ֪ԼľԼ뷨ԼΪǷȷġ
˵ûȷ֮֡
ΪֹǷһ䡰Բ𡱣ʼûܹ˵ڣ밡ܹˮȥˡ
ˮҲķ
һóһܺÿŷ⣬Լһż㣬ǺܾǰģΪϲƽڰ칫лĻͻóżŷ⣬Ϲ塣
˺һ֮ǰͽģҪĿ֮ǰǩֵļһߡ
ʮӣŸ±ʡ
ʱԽǶϲĶԽ±ʣԽѡ
»һ£ż㡣
д֮󣬸˿īˮطŽŷ֮У˺һűֽд¼֣ŵһߣŴӳóһСӣڰ칫ϣȻߣAda칫
߹ʣʲô飿
սŷǸСǰƵAdaǰ˵ĵдַϡסһҪֽϡָָںԵһűֽ
õġ
Ada칫֮ǰ̲סгAdaȵȡ
Ada룬ѵָϴһˣ
ͷֻЩţ˵һ¡
Adaյָʾ߻ذ칫ǰ֮뿪ӣôڵײĹҴһУȻŷСӣһŵǸԴһЩУźԺƵAdaǰڣ̧ͷ˵֣ص˵лл
ţõġ߹ġ
AdaҲûţ뿪˰칫ңͿʼϵԱռڿԱȡԺ˳һۡ
ĳַǻ·125ţҲǺϴ¥ڵء
ռǣ硣
ǴǺҪĶɣ
ҵܣ
Ada뵽̰ոտݣ˲ȫˡ
һֱרͼȡĿݹ˾ԿԱȡֻһƷҲ̻ټӼ͵ģ˿飬Ķʵ޹ҵܡ
ܣĿݡ
ŲСʱѾϴ¥ߣ֪ͨ칫ĺ硣
ţüͷһ壬˭ʱĿأ촽ֱ˵ãýɡ
ţõ׿ϣ˽ȥ¿ݡ
˺һŴӹ̧֮ͷٴȥעǸݺУûһŷֿݺﻹһС
š
ô˵ء
˵Ǿ˵ǡ
ǺƯֻΪʲôпͨлɫġúȫû뵽ġ
򿪺ӣžһźһСӡ
ǸСӣ᲻˹һ滹кöСأ
Ժŷֲǽø⡣
һԶ
Ȼʧһ
ΪһѾˣĻҲôҡһ޿ȡģܹҵ¸һһģһĶҲǰһˡ
һرġ

Ժиֵһ̣ʶƺѾ˴𰸡
ȷǲǸӡΪŷûдռ˵ֻ֣СTo 硱
ŷ⣬ż㵹Ǳķ񣬺գ£ҪǣżϣдźǶ壬˵ǣֺܺÿúǰһ

岻̫Ҳ̫Сһܸ֡ɾĸо
һ·ȥżβǣա
ԡǡǸ
ôһȫµĶ֮ǰ˵ģ
ҲֻǵǸ˰ɡ
ΪżϷдţ
С㣬ϴεҺܱǸ
ǳʽĵǸ
ֱǸ¹죬еĸ
ǣǸˣҾӦԭ
ңͷʽδҲ̫ûһЩɣ
翴һ޳ĵǸӦáģ
ǡƫƫں滭һСɰ
Сɰ
ʵƿͨͼ絹ǻûмġСɰء
Լô
һʱ֮䣬籾ķŭе˵ӦǾò˰ɣôɢ
ȻҲƵֽţĻش
Լࡣ
ȷ
ܾ
ûֻд֣ܾ
Ȼ˸ŷװԭⲻļĻصϣֻ˸дֵŷż㡣
ԣռĳСʱյ˿ݣɻ󰡣ǲⰡ
ʲô
ʲô
ܾ
ܾ

ǣҲǽɰɣ
Ϊֺ簡д¾ܾ֮⣬֣ɡ
ɹؼ˸յĶ־
죬ûյٴμĹȥİ飬Ѿǵڶʱ
յ˰ա
һ䡰˴˱˴ˡ
úҲеĹĻظҡķϣı⡣
Ͼ
ǣһżϷʼˡ
ɵ˲Żôɵ顣
˴˱˴ˡ
˴˱˴ˡ
㲻ѧ˵
ܾ


Ƥ
ǡƤʲôġ
Ƥ
ɡ
Ǻء
һ
ԣȫ
ڰమ˶Ǳ
лҪ˵
໡

ĺϲ
˵ԽԽܣ
ʺţ
˵ǣֻԸܣ
ȶҵܣȵϹ
СҪʹమɱˡŶ
ֱҪ鰡ҼҴ
Ȼ߱λ˵ģվȫ˼ǡ
վÿһǣվģãգԻҪĲ
ΪҹǣǱı߲ Բվдӵһֵȫ 
ڴСٻصҼҴ
˯ 
ҲҪ˯  ȻҾʹƨƨ


56 
, ʲôأ
ÿ˶, вͬĶ塣
ܶɡ
Щ˾, һһ, ɣ, ţĵ, йͬȤͬĻ, ܹ򵥵һ, ǰ顣
ЩҪȽϿ̣õͬڰ, ǲŽа, ûаֻϲϲû, ֻο壬ҸһԷ, һ𿴵Ӱ, һ, ǰ顣
顣
ֶǭZȼ˵ʵİΪ̸ܶܶһкܶ, ǰѣǰŮѣŲüįһˣǻбڵģһʱ䣬͵ûһΪûʸаǭZȼͬһ˸ͬһԸһ̫ġ
ǰˡ
ϸ˵Ļȴޱȵİ
ÿһε飬ûҲû顣
˵ףǭZȼûʲôǰ顣
ϲԷ
ǲǰ飬ǽа
ڣ˵ɣ
һأ
û˻ᡭȸո˰ɡ
ʱһϲˡôɵǣǸϲˣҲϲ
ԣô˳ȻһȻкӡ
һжôˮɡ
ôġȻ
ǡأǭZȼǭZȼеҪ֪
Ȼ󡭡ûȻˡ
ǭZȼһ±ơ
ûڸյ飬һֱܾˣͬʱҲڵš
ϾǴûпյνġһ롱ֹ
µͽˡ
˵ѧ㣬±ã빫ĹƭƭСջУƭҿɾͲ˼˹ֲСӣҲҲɵô㣿
ûƭ㣬ұĹ£ġһȻȻ𿧷ȣһڡ
ǭZȼҪҳʲôȴûܳɹ
ʱ䣬һԷأоջǭZȼʵġ
ǡôǭZȼʶ֪йӣȻ뵽һ飬ȻվҪӺӷѧӵҪ°࣬ǭZȼֻһɵûж롣

Բѧ㣬ҲǸ˼û˵ǭZȼΪǲ˵
ûϵֲǲ˵顣顭ظһ֣ʵǾãЩζ˺һֿڳϵǰɡ
һ̣ǭZȼʵΪʲôءѧԸǸһġţ˵覴ûǲ̵ĻǸ˽İɣһӦòɣϾտͦ׼ģΪֹ۹⣬û
ңһ򶼺ܽԸ飬ӦҲֻ̾һŶ԰ɣ
ǭZȼ̫θհɣǾ˵յȷǣܿɿˣǭZȼһ㣬ҲоĵԲžøԸˣܹΪѣʱܺõ顣
׷ˣȱСҸְ֣ԼҪѽһһĻˣαصȵأ
ΪûԵְɡ
GԵôһΪմšԵֶ֡أҲµĻΪԸ񲻺ϻ߳ءǭZȼͷáպ
һ˸ӳСڣˣԸܺãܹɣһҲΪս̵ĺðɣ
Ϊʲôأԭ򡣡
Ϊԭ򣬱Ƚϳɣѣɣ
ţеΣҵ飬㵹ǲ´ˡֻûԵֶѣע顣ȥˡ
Ե֡
֣Ҳ֪ŹأûŹأ
ĸһȷеĶĻֻ˵Ź
ģŹ
ֻǡĽ֣ȴ
ôأ
Ե֣
벻ţȴӲ˰ɣ
Щ飬ǡôҪţҲ˰
ΪǣѾע˵ġ
һʼǡ
˵֮ǰһֱûи˵Ů飬ҵҪǸֻҲ˵ֻǡʵڡ֪Ӧô˵΢΢ͷʾǸ⡣
ҲûƭǭZȼЩ飬ȷǡ֪Ӧôڡ
ûϵڸҲһ
㲻ͺáֺһڿȡ
лл
ιιιĲ˼ˣ˵ллҾĽˡ
Ǳԭ£ǡл⡣עİɣעҪǭZȼΪѵģһʼ;ãóǭZȼһˣǭZȼҲǣ˶ǻɣ
أȻЩȣ̵ģűڣشȣôͷǸ˰ɣһֱ֪Էĵ⣬ֻûеơ
ǭZȼԷĸ飬ǿ۾ܹ֪
һ˫۾ڿԷʱ򣬶뿪ӣ۾Ǹˣ·۾ЦƵģվ˵ԱߣܹоǷݲȴεİ⡣
ⲻǣô
ںţϲš
ʵҲĽĸɡ
ĽǭZȼǷ¸ңҲ͡
ĸ飬¸ҵĻҲܹһɣ
ԸǭZȼǰֻὫԷ֮ΪΪĵġ͡һĻ㱻ҲûйϵҲ֪˵˭
Ȼ飬Ϊ˰ﲻʲôæܹһЩȻԴ
ǭZȼ˵ɲԲҪһ¾һ׼Ļǰû˺
ӡ
𡣡ЦЦҲֻ˵֮ǰ˵һ˵ʱÿ춼ܸˣ㲻˵Ҳóǿֵģƺء
ϲ𣿡
飬ӦԼá𣿸һ˲ңӦϲ𣿡ûлش𣬶гһ⣬һǭZȼԼԼģϣϲ
ǭZȼһ˲ƿԣȻ֪ûǸ˼Ӧ֮СҵġŲϲء
ǲͽ㲻д𡣡
ðɡǭZȼͶҾ֪ô
⿴۾֪˰ϲջǳʵ˵˴𰸡
һ⣬ãϲ𣿡ǭZȼһ˿Ұ
أ
ǭZȼЩֹȴʼոش𣬱˰죬˵֪Ҳ֪
СȼʵףǭZȼҪĲĴ𰸣Ҫһģһϲġ
Լ˵ϲǭZȼҲһҷ񶨵ģ練ʡ𣿡
˵ףǶԼûġθҲǣãɡ
ˣ㻹Ǳ˵ɣҲǭZȼüǲ˵ҵ˰ɣˣɡ
ǭZȼ뿪ˮ䣬ε̾һڣҲȥ
ءһǭZȼƵģѽ㣡ô
ײˣֽס
໡ǭZȼһƨȥˡ
û°ɣûһģס˺磬˻
šǸûУû¡
⼸͸ȻŴϷֻ˶˶Էţȴʼնû¸͵ꡣ
ʵûյˣֻ˶ĬһĲҪϷڴ˿̣ȴһ˿Ρ
˵û£ɿ֣ȥǭZȼ𣿡
ѧ㣬ƨɶˤˣ˵ܺ𣡡໣Ϊʲôôƣգˤƨɡ
Ⱑֻ˵ðɣⶼײ˰ɣЦЦʶ˺һֻۡһ˿Ρ
Ҳ밡֪ôɰػضײϡǭZȼƨɣȻ˵û¶ɣ˵ô
ûµġҲ֪ոΪʲôվţôá
̸أӦϾߵŶ԰ƫƫպ˵Լ飬Ľž˸Ƶģ뿪
ʲô𣿡
СգĺӺ񳳼ˡҪ飬׶԰ʦ˵ĵ绰ͨϴ׶԰ӹʶ㣬Դ绰ˡҲ˵ڼУϵдµϵ绰ֻһ˵İɣ
ӵİְأ
顭ҲڲܺӰɣҲ̫˰ɣ
һ㶣Щģ֮󣬷Ӧܴ󣬡ʲôֻһŷûˡ
Сȼ˼Ҫȥ
ûϵڹ˾ˣѧȥ׶԰ô¶
á
˵űˡ
翴뿪ıӰܾáЩֵֹġ
лҪ˵
໸
оԼԣںúøأ
ľùѾˡǻúϧ
ҹ˵ĺ𣡣
Ⱥܣ


57 
̫̫, ˡ
׶԰ʦŸշĳ, ôһ̱ŵ, յ, ûϲŭҲо
һʼûʦԼ˵Ĵ, ǰеעĿⶼԼŮϡ
߽˽ͿԼŮλ, ͷ, һԲӡ
һ, վĶҪˡ
ӦñģǾԡܹǸܵһίŶԵġ
һĻ, ڸյ, ȼ
΢΢ԼŮһԲͷӣ֪Ѿʲôί, һֱܰɣĸ׶ںӵ뱣ıܡ
ܹо, ΪԼĳ, ԼŮͷ͵ĸ, ǸףŮʾҲϴǺ, ȴǿĲϵᡣ
һ̣Ҫ׵ľȥʦұۣ˳ڶԼΣԼ̳Ů᲻֮⣬ҲǳڶŮΣ˵ǡĿ谮ԼҺӴģضǸǣԼҺӵĴǾͱԼˡ
ԼŮС˳ƸᣬȻ˵ԡ
ţվ¶ЦݣѺõؿ׶԰ʦԻһЩ˵ʦã鷳ˣ˼ҵֻûˣˣҵġѣ˵ˡСյ飬̾͸Ϲˣ֪ʲô顣
Ҳǣô°һͿǼС˳ˣ϶кӡӣ׶԰ôµģôʦİλкĸ׿Ժ󣬾û뿪ߣҲߵʦǰȥ㿪ʼʦ
ģ̫̫̫̫ĵĶӣȺ͡Сգ̫̫ŮһЩڽǣǾʹˡ
ʲôˣüСһֱĻ׸СƢģˣ
ʲôԭ򣿡
׶԰ʦյʼر䣬󣬺¶ȣΪʦñӣȻ˵ģ̫̫Ķ˵Сûаְ֣СһʼǲģҶСգ߷ϴСղŻġУó׶԰ʦҲЩͷˡ
ҿɹܲô࣬ҼҶˣŮҪҶӵǸ㡣ֵ̫̫ת׶԰ʦϴŲм˵Ҷ³飬ɱΡ
̫̫⡭Ķȶ֣ǵ˼ҵŮڻ˼ŮҶӵǸ
զأ
̫̫ͻȻЦˣҪЦҪҪƤͣѵû𣿡հλ̫̫ΪĲ̫ãʮ˿ʮࡣ
㡭λ̫̫ŭһȻ󿴿յӣͻȻҲ¶һЦݣȴóЩ̵Ϊ˵Ļȴȱʣ˵С㿴ᣬҲ˰ɣʦ˵ˣҶ˵Ůûְ֣ûɣС˵ʵʲôأôкӿ϶δаɣ
üҵȻ飬Ȼееķգ˵Ķ񶾣Ҳν˶񶾣ĻŮЩӰСӣҡһĸףô˵ĻضȥԼŮⷬʱжѹտ֪
һɷŭӿ˵ҹ̷ڶʮԱȻ˻ʵ̰ˣصģͽ̡ۡƻ߰ȨǰߵĲŴΣ͹ĳ⡣
ȻĵȼͲΣﲻһֲһ䣬ڣҪˣܵ˺оһЩݵණԼȡҰ׶԰ļ¼񣬷̫̫ͥ
ΪϹ˲𰡣ҡҲʦ
ð㵽סյЦѾû¶ȣóһƬŵλ̫̫ǰ
̫̫˺üͷΣ
ʦ
Լ
ϼŷɹ
ȵ
ֻͳͳǣա
һʱ֮䣬λ̫̫ҲЩŵˣͷεĹ˾û뵽գ
С֮Ĵֶѣʲô˼ŮǸĻҾԭ仰ûü˵ڣ˵ִ˶˭ãŸյġ

˼˵Һӣ
عͷȥ֪Ǵʲôʱ𣬺Ҳˣ
ʲôʱģ
ΪʲôԼȫûһоأ
ʶȥѰԼŮӰȴǣ֣Ҳ˵Ů
ʲôʱ򡭡
ǣˡ
Ǹʲô̫̫ڲԡ
ŵС˶㣬·ǸоСһںһ㣬££Сһֻ֣λ̫̫˵˻𣿺ãΪСգ˵һΡ
׶԰ǺϵĲҵҲ˵ϰ壬ڣ˵ĺӱˡϹҲǣĸ˾ģұ֤ͲϰˡڼҺúЪŰɣһڣ
ǡ
粻ǶĸӣֻԵͷǣֵСһ˵߰ɡȥԵġܣ𣿡
СһҲһģʹͷ˵ã
ǾͿȥǣǣְɡܳ
ź˵ģСһȥǣ˸յ֣ȴһֱûɿ֣˾ô뿪ˡ
ֱ׶԰һұܵ꣬Сյһݱܺһ̲裬ձֹԼŮ˵ӣЦЦӦˡ
żһΣҲͦõİɣ
ղţлл㡣տԼŮڸû¶һ˵ӣл
СӣǺð
ʲô鶼ǡÿ죬ȥҲ졣
ĵ鶼
á
ð
С鰡СաעСһڣȴ͵͵ؿŸգ۲ı飬ӣܿɰͦϲġ
򴽣ͷлл
лǽǷһΣټһΣǷΡ
š
͡ôడܾáǰǡܾнӣоȫӲһʱ򣬺翴СյһȦȫմ˱ܣЦȻһֽϸСղߵıܡ
ĬĬĿһеķ
ЦţȴƺЩС˵ţѵǡΪ𣿡
ûСôһ˲䣬յͫЩŴ󣬡ûһ¡
䡣
ţŻعΪղţһֻûп̫ȷǲڸԼ˵
̣ҵóมСһűܣǰ֮ǰĲһɨգԽԽĵ˵´Σٴòã
𡣡޵Ҳ֪˭
ǰɣ
ǡ
ò䣡´һҪòòСһﲻˣΪȫ˵Ļɭء
ţð
𣡡СӶðȥģô飬ô࡭޽⣬ֻҪϲԵľͻܿġ
ʱ⡣
̫á
̫
Ҳޱ̰
ϧǣǲܵİ
ѾһСˡ
һĺӣһӵĸˣҲѾˡ
緢ּʶһһĸա
أг嶯ȴܳ谮Ůĸա
ȷ˵簮ɣǴͳϵ簮ǹŮһУǷڵһλȴݡ
оעԼ̧ͷϸյ۾һ˲䣬ЩʧΪյ񣬺ʹӣȴֲ˺ܶิӵĶ
ãԼƺܶ
ȴ֡͸
ʲô
Ǽȱģ
лҪ˵
ȣҪ˵һ£
ǸɷϣЩңȵ
зѧרҵİ벻Ҫңѣ
Ȼ˵ըëܵˣǸվ
Ҫȣܳȣ²˴
Ȼ󡡹ڲҹǡҼװĴҳۣѣ
СþȻΪǹҡҲɭ
첻ҹǾ͸
ûӵġǰȣ
Ϊ
ึˡ¡濪ʼظѧĹˡ
СZСĥڡԻ׶Ӵ
󣡣
Ļµ׻Ԫ
Ҿͻᡡĵİ
ʱҶ̸ָղһ£ѣ
ұ֤ڴϺȸң



58 
㡭
ǡȱ, ú֮ȥ, ʶȥץ˸յ֡
ůĸо
յ, ȡ
ƺӿ, ȫ෴Ƶġ
١ղǡ濴ů
ôһֱסյ, ûɿҲûҶ, ֱע⵽, ƺüͷ, ʶ˵, Բ𡣡סյֻ, ȴȻûɿ
㿴ɣȻ̫ϲأ
Ҳϲҡ˵űԼ֣ȥӻ, ں˵ģȲ, Ҳϡ
Բ𡣡
Ϊʲô
Ϊ˵ϲ

Ҳջ֡
ʱ, ȴǡžһ, ССѣ˶Ҫעһģһֻ˺ϣֽѹ˸յϡ


, ֻСһ˵䣬㲻ֻǣ֣ҲҪǣ֡˵ű㿪ʼ֣ȴûɿȻȥסյֻ֣һһǣסҪǣ֣ҲҪǣ
ʱûסЦСգùมһֻ֣ȥСһͷϻ˵ų޵Ļ
һʱ֮䣬ЩӣҲЩΣԼŮһ˫Ц¶һЦݣ˵ʵ佱ĻѽǸ龫С
ŲأҲССһһһ۵ľܾԼԼһһҲϸĳƺ
͡ʲôҲЦˡ
ССһһ˵ȴ˵յģ׼ȷ˵⡰ߡյġ
СչιԼŮСӣЦ⡣
ǸСɰءҲСһӸˡȴûע⵽մ˿ϵĽӲ
˾ôһûһţղţʵԼûܹװɣһΪηĻ𣬸˼ʶΪȫûбҪĲ
Щǰ֮ǣս뿪ıӰΪʲôҪȥأΪʲôء
Ϊ
ǰɰСɣ
ϾҲмദȻջûΪ֮ǰ飬ǸҲûôˣڽ顭ְæͬΪŮ˵Ĺϵɣ
һ仰ѣ˵˵Ҳ޿ɺǡ
ֻǡ
ΪʲôҪôյĿأһ㶼ҶԸˣһ򶼾Զ֮ŶԣΪʲôҪӽ
̡̣̣
ôˣˣعŷСһСĽ½ǡ
ÿɰ
Сӡ
ǰҲй뷨
ϲСʲôġ
Ϊڣ̫µЩɡ
СӺܿɰҲڣദúһҲùµȤ
Ҹ˵มСһƣʾ翿ԼһЩȻСһСؿ˿һԵĸգƺûעӣĵź絽һߣŴյĶߣС˵̣Ҹ˵ม
羲Сһ۵˵ţżҲ˵仰СһＸֱԺСһ»صλϣʱѾϢˣ˱ܵĳŵ磬ֻѾˣŷһЩԸոڴһЩϵ顣
ԹС󱼱ԼŮС
ţ
ǣԼŮ֣߰ɡ仰ȴǶվǰĺ˵ġ
ȥ
ع˾
ƽԼչˡСյ𣿡֮ǣҲŮ˾ȥǺû뵽ģ˵ǣû˵顣
ǣƽ밢̴ֻİһʱ飬Ҳһ̣᲻ϰߡ
ͷƵģҿ԰ġ
ʲôһٵʻû˵Ļֻͣ
ţûСûʲôҲһȥˣҲҪȥؿġ
šǣԼҵŮ֣Աߣô
ޣЩСգԾ͡
ҲҪ֪Ϊʲôڹʱܱ˵£ֻǡһ̣ĽŲʹһʱѾ˳ڿȥ׶԰·ˡ
˼붼Ŀơ
Ʋˡ
лл㡣յл⣬лźĹģʵǿİɡ
ǡǡ
ղ⣬ԼǣֵСһҲһһ㶵ģŵİǣһ˫۾ź硣
ڲ֮䣬翴Сһ۾ģģܾáһ
оϤ
šҳˡȥˡ
ޣһϰɣ
ðлл
֮Ͷѡ
˵ţѾͣȡ˳ȻһĻˣ͸Сշǳͬģ˸ʻĳϣˣڸʻϣСںϣȴĬ֡
Сղ֡
硭Ĭ
ϻǸˣôȥһС
̣Ҹ˵รĳϣкöööĳԵӴС˵űȥϵС䣬óһǳ򿪺óһǵݵߡ
ҪùǹԼԣȴСһͣЩĹִ˵̣ι㰡
ð
ԹԵأģſ͡
šоζӣ
Ȼƽ粢ǹζҲСһһѵǹԣֻżһԵĳ̶ȡ
䣬Ҳι㣡СһóһǣҪݵյߣκһӣ̫һЩɸֽڳϲҪȥԳֻ֣΢΢ͣź˵̣ιԺòá
ָ˴СһΪֶ̰չգȻһǣֵݵյߡ
տͻǹЩ΢㶣һֱרĿҲû̫עԵĶƳһǰǹԼǹݵԼߵĺһۣȻ󣬿죬Եˡ
һʼ粢ûоιǹôô֮ģιԺŷԼ֣ʼطȡ
ǡոձգС򵽵ĵط
ġ⡱ûȥܣ磬ڸմսԼֱߣ絽ԼĵʱʶоܺߣջҲ̫ˡ
ΪѾսˣǿǹҲ֪⻹ģ񡭡һʪࣩ壨ͷԼĵʱһ̣Լʧ⣬֣·һ㣬ôһ˲䣬òֹģնڷţңȫ˼ƤƵģš
ȣ̡
һֱЩ庮Щš
ʱ̣ȴáȵĶˡ
úóԡСûעĬĬһУԼǹȻ󿪿ڴ˴˿̵ƽ䣬ó𣡡
ţóԡյûƵģҲ˵ղİɣģİɡ
飬Ҳûʳڰ
ٳԵ֪𣬲ȻɸóˣԺʹʹġ
ţСչɵĴӦһǹŽŹǺУŽСպá
תͷŻڷȵĺ˵̡ҪʺǹòóԵģΪС˵ҲĳϵĿ佱Ȼͷʱȴֺͨ졭
̣ú찡
ûУ缫ķϣΡ
УУСձ죬˵ѻˣ䣡̵ģ˵ûУ
һ±ơ
ǣšǡů̫ˣԡ羡ȥա
΢üͷЩЦ˵ǡûпů
ҾáЩȡ
Ц˵ҰѴɡ
šлл
Сһذ̵ͺܺ찡
лҪ˵
Ŷ໰£
⡡°ҹӦûһ
ȻĻһ
Ҳ԰ҹҪ˯
ȻкȦգ岻ã
Ҽˣ
ҸȽҪˡ̫
˼ǡȱң


59 
ȵһԺ, Ǹ߹ĵط, ѻȸ
ʵȷ۵, ȴһŨŨĸxing⻷, ǹâ̫ۡ
ǸСǸ߹ʵĺ𣿡
ʲô߹ʲôʱˣһΪлء
վӿԼɣ߹ôῴ㡣
, ǸɰС߹ʲôϵ
һȺ˵ڶ
Ͼȫ˾˵, û֪ս, һ, øСһɰɵŮ顣
ȻɣǭZȼ֪, Ҳǰò֪ġ
մŮ֮ǰ, һ˾۵ģȻҲҪŮ˾ֻʵҲ˿԰æչһŮ, ٴ˾һȽϿ, ҲȰȫķ
, ֽվǰסġ
һ, Ҳ֪ġ
ֻʱ⡣
١һ
ҲڵĴ˵֣ãҰһ¡
칫˶һЩϸ΢Ҳʧˡ
û, ԵСŮȷҵŮȻҲġΪʲôһֱû˵ֻΪ˽µķ룬ҲûбҪȥ˵ҰŮĴ
յȻԼŮܣȻԼŮһҲƤ˼ҵĶΪ˱Ҳñʲô˽ӴԼŮ̫ġ
ţϾϣҶչչ
˵꣬ձģһֱץԼֶԼŮҴк~
Сһ￴˿ԼһֿģЩɿ֣ȻߵһߣȻֻץԼ䲻ţȴ󷽵˵塢尢Ǻá
Ǹ㣬Ǽӷֵ㣬ڳÿһ˶ͦϲСŮġ
Ҽɡ
˵Ժ󣬸ձԼŮԼİ칫ȥˣ粻֪ΪʲôҲԱߣ׼ȷ˵ǡҲСһס֣Ÿˡ
о仰ô˵ţ
ǭZȼ֪Ҫع˾칫˻Ķ֪϶Ǹջˡ
Ҳ֪ҲŮһ
ֻǣ
û뵽ǣҲСһǣ֣һ߹
ӴһͥгģӴ
ȫһڵӺ
ֱɷ˰໣
ǭZȼĥĥСһкѺãЦ֣٣Сּˣ
ϧСһİĻеµģڸյĺͺֻ¶һͷ͵͵ǭZȼ
ûµġϴβǸ̼𣿡նԼŮͷܵγˮǭZȼǰ̣ǵ𣿡
Сһͷǵá
Ǿ͸ǰ̴к𣿡ŸԼŮͣŹκһܹĻᣬ˵ԳҪòԲԣǰĺѣոѾкˣأڡӦʲôأ
С룬ָԼС°ͣûһ͸ͨƵģǰȥǭZȼ˵ǰ̺á
ԡǭZȼʵ̫һЩ飬֪Сһ̫Сֻ֪ΪʲôԼʱСһҪڸպͺأԼô𡭡
һֱôᣬôɰġ
ţأõഺ껪͵˰ˡ룬Ͳɵø̾
Ӿ֪ǷڷֻǺһAda
ǣǣ߹ʡAdaѾɵ˺
ʲôʱеĺӣʲôʱĻ飡
ߣϢҲ̫ըˣ
һҰ칫ҡ˵űԼŮ˰칫ңܹоһ߸ԼȻҲֻǸԼŮѣֻûͷȥ
Ȼ˿ʱ䣬ֵͷµǸ룬ٹʮӰɣҺܼ໹СضһȥǱ߿һ֮ǰʱϣ԰չһŮ

СպܹԵģԴڹ˾ĴתתҪϴ¥ҲҪڹ˾ת̫ãι۲ι۾ͺˣ̫ۡˣҵİ칫ЪţʳͺȵģԶˣԼþͺá˵ĻҵϢҾ棬֪ģȥҵϢ˯ͺˡ
ޡǣõġһչ˺øСġ
üƺԡ
СվͿˡ鷳ˡ
鷳鷳߹ˡ
ǾͰˡ
õġ
Сաձ뿪λվԼŮǰ
ţ
˵һ£̻չ㣬乤ĵط㵽䣬һйҪ뿪һʱ䣬ڼ䣬ʲôҪֱӸ˵չģ𣿡
СһûӦȴŸյ½ǡ
ôڸ𣿡ԼŮС˵ܿͻΪ˸СյǸ㿴ָָѾĳ룬ȫԵأԾĳӴ𣿡
ǡҲҪԣ
룬ԼŮҲýƻأøԼˣҲ֪Ǹ˭ѧģҲС¾ˣ˴ţã㣬˰ɣС
ţСһ¶ЦݣСָǣ
ţãҲСָԼŮڸǸ¡
ȥˣܿͻȻʹȥóԵģ𣿡
ãǡҪม
šմȰԼŮͷ
ȻվһԵĺһֻһеķ
֪ΪεģͻȻЩƵء
ЩЩơ
ǡӦΪǰһĻоܰŶ԰ɣ
ϵĸxing⻷ڷŹ⣬СյĿɰҲһ˸жĻ棬ȴ
Щͷʹ
ǰһкģ
ͷûʹɺǾͷۣۣۣ˺ѷεʹһ£һ£һ£һµۣûôʹȴҪܡ
Ժ󰡣ǡ
ǲŸһ뵽ԺĺϲҰѾԺҪһ𡣡
Ϊʲôܹôء
𡣡
Ȼа
ǡ
ţ
Ҳҵĵ
㰡
ѵ˵ˣ
ۣûСǶԵģԵġҾ벻㣬𣿡
ð㲻뿪źá
ô뿪
ţ°ܺ¡
ɵϣҲ˵ˣ벻ԲҪ£Ϊϲֻ㣬ԸһˣҲֻ㡣
Իˡ

ַŶͷоԼҪƵģЩƵĶԻʱԺУκʱ
ǰֻԽԽһʱԷ˯޹ص˵޹ص飬ԺжðЩԻ
ǿԺжԻ˵ģΪԺһֱһƬհףͿ˵ǣԻеˣͲڣֻʶʱЩԻѾӡˣģ֪
ô
ʱһֻסͷʹסԵǵߣû°ɣôð亹ҴȥҽԺ𣿡
̧ͷϵǸЩĿ⣬˵û£û£ֻǡû˯ðɣЩͷʹ
侲һŷ칫СһҲûЦݣʱѾߵǰ˵̣ôˡ
û°СɰСɰͷο
Сգ㿴˵ûǵȥˣԹԵλAda̵Ļ֪𡣡
š
˰칫Ժ󣬸ղŵǵ˵ûֻΪû˯õԭð亹֪𣿲ȻǻȥҽԺɣھ͸Сȼ˵ȥƾҪߡ
ס֣վֺʶľսûɿҲ̰ůɿ֣ûϵ
κεĲһҪ˵֪֪
š㡭
ʲôȥҽԺھͿߡ
ǡ翴յøģûµġ
ǣ𡭡
ᡣ
ΪձһĮˣԴӴ˲黳
ǣҲûпڶԴŮʱĳ磬ǭZȼһʱɣ˵ʱͨԱͬ˵͸һС
Ψ
硣
գΨ磬Į
أǸոء
ĵ뽹֮Ĺᡣ
ΪյӲ
˿̣ôʱԼԡ
лҪ˵
ŶŶŶҸˣˣ
Ү
Ҳաģ
ŶˡһҪһ
ǡؽڲϲѧ㰡
ô˵ء֮Ĺϵ
֮ǰһֱһرȤע
Ǵû桡֮ȴвһ
ǽֻǶ
ΪԱ˺ܺá˵Ҳܺ
ʶ֮󡡷ȫһͺ
˽һˡʵֻ˵
Ҳǡ㵥ľĮʵкܶ
ڣֿһЩʵҲܺ
ô˵ءָоǹռһһʤϲ
Ǹо֡Ǳѵĸо
Ҫ˵ǵڣ¡ɵı
һʵҵʱʱ˵ˡǵʱһʱ
˵һ仰¡మڰﶼǱء
ʵҵһƪᵽ
Ϊô˵ءҾá侲ŵ
̸ˡԷϲ
̲һɣǿ϶ᱻȱ
మ˶Ǳһֿޡ˵һ̵Ҹ
žգ
ҺҪȥϴͷ
Ҫ˵ңң


60 
лл¶ЦݡԵĸл
Բʧ̬ˡշ·ָֻ侲, ԼЩ, سԼ, ϵǵıһ
һ˲ı仯, úЩ㱡
·ոᣬֻԼʵʵ롣ûƵġ
𡣡ǭZȼԼİ칫׼һʱ, ŹİֱŸյİ칫ң㿴վڰ칫ſڵĺ, ֪˵Щʲô
͵ءˡ˵, Ҳȥոյ, ǱԼõʱ11ɣʮ, 졣
֪, ѧ㡣ǭZȼƲƲ죬ҲҪʱĺ𣬡߰, 㣬ʲô, ʲô𣿡
ûС
ʮӺ
Ҳʮһ
աǭZȼŵ˹
ת֮Ҳһ, ǿһĵط, ڿʼߣһ죬費Ի͡
ضܼ࣬߹ʡ
ʩûʲô⣿ʵ, Ͼ߹ʺõ˾ˡ
غضû⣬ǶڸϹϣܹɼĿĵһ׶Ρ
ţȻĿҲܼҲһֱҹĹҪȴõػԲԳӣٺãҲֻù̧ۿڽĴ¥ĶǴŹĹˡ
ǣض
ڹĸˣжٸ˶ڹ𣿡վʱİ칫ң͸ĲŹĴæҵˡ
ظ߹ʣһٶ˵ӣҲ˶ڹЩ˻һЪЪȿˮЪ˾ͼΪεḶ́ϰĹźǶ깤õнˮҹϹ
Ÿɣ飬൹ƽ䣬ÿĶвɹԱٷֳˡÿ˵ҪõĹߣɹ͵ݹߵһֻһΣ뱣֤ÿ˶ֵҲΪǵ밲ȫ룬ǸĿԲܹӣΪϵǣĿĵһ׶ζûɣ㴫й˹ͻߴӸߴˤʱ鷳ˡ
ٲһ칫ˣǺϻϷ鳤ǼְܵԱһֱڰ칫ڹµĹ˷ֳԺ󣬾ð칫ԱȥǣȻ߹˵һһֻһΣ֤ƽտʼܻ鷳һ㣬Ժϰ˾ͺˡˮߵҵȽϣЩǺ粹ϵġ
ǭZȼվ˵м䣬סһֱĿɿڴ״̬
ߣʲô
ոշʲô
ʲô
ʲôû
պͺΪʲôôĬ໣
һһ͵ģԼվм䣡

ⷢȣ
ѹֽպͺһʱ򣬾Ϳ˹⣬÷ȡ
ΪԼǸݰУǣȼԼΪǶȣ
һ󣬹һ£֪жҸ
Ĭĺġ
ϧǣԷ㣬ͬɡ
ӦԼҪһ𣬻ûһ˼ɣֻߡֻǡ˳ƶΪɡ
ֻԼԣǸʱ򣬲̿Լģ˳ƴӦ˰ɡ
ʱ˿̣һõ֤ô
һµĲϵ
ǭZȼȥԷĻԷҲȻûǭZȼ
ǡɣҲþ˵ġ
ܹһԷһܹӦԼش̫죬ⱾǭZȼһֱģƻģȻ෴
º侲ǭZȼԼлɹֻǡԷô׵ľʹӦԼ
ǭZȼȥȷϡ
ûӣûûеǡõԼҪǸǣܴʧģһܡ
ΪԷԼȥڴļԼҲȻһ̣ǰá
ӦŶԵġ
ϧԶԶڸж
ûоܾԭ򡭡
ԣܾ
ܽԷ
ǭZȼ붼û飬ǰûУһûУǹ飬ûҪѡһѡ
ΪΣ顣
˿̣棬ǭZȼޱ
λѡ
顣
ܼࡣ

տŴԭǭZȼüͷ΢壬֣ȴûеõӦ
ɵ߻ǭZȼȥļȻ󡭡ĶͷСȼ
໣ʹѧ㡣
ʱ䡣ղʲô
ǭZȼҲŶüͷղŵĿգȻ֮ȥ뵱Ȼı˵һֱҪõõֺµĵһ죬õˣô
ΪϲҪ
ΪԲŸӵĺ°
òĶǷݸ飬ǷݻӦȴ׾ٵı͵УԼ
ȴ֪ںʱͻ֪ʱʼţ飬ԴԼ
ʲôһʱ֮ЩûܷӦ
ϲҪ¡
˷ص顣
ǭZȼһŬȥɢЩһ߲ȥ飬ֻԼ֪ʱŻɹɹʵû˵һܾãóأغأû£ûʲôҸ̫˶ѡ
߰ɡǭZȼչüͷ뾡ɵ˵Ҫȥؿ԰ɣ
ڸոǭZȼͻȻðĻЩ˼˵ĻᣬǧҪ֡ΣҪץס߹ǭZȼߵʱ³仰ȴִЩļᶨǭZȼϣ
ǰ
ֻĻᡣ
ſ
ζҪ飬ֻʧ˶ѡ
ֻѡ
Թ˭
ȻĻôء
Թ죬ԹԼ
һ޷Ѿ顣
ǭZȼԸյĻشЩȣһֱΪԸյԸְء
ҪôҪô
ҪôץҪô֡
û뵽ջοԼ
վԭأԼ߹ĸգһʼҲûǭZȼ˼
ֻǣڸոشԺŶˡ
ϵı飬Ϊء
ΪʱᣬʱĮ
˷
ô
һ̣˵ЩʱǭZȼ˵ĸգϵı飬ӡںԺʱǸ顣
ʱڴȴ˵Ժľ
·۾ʧȥ˹һ㡣
ԣڣڹصʱ򣬺翪ʼЩĲɣע̫УܾãԺ·һߣһⲻȴҲû취֮
һ·ϣζڴǼһιţڹĴſţǺо޷ͶȥܾúΣͷΣҲԽԽأǧأֱߵԽԽ
ǰ棬ͷʱע⵽һ㣬״˵˼ЩˣϢһ°ɡ
õģ߹Ǳ룬ǱʱϢҡ
ԼȥͿˣæɡ
õġʲôԸʱҡ
š
ʱտǭZȼͺıӰȴûиȥѡ뿪
ȵǭZȼͺ絽ϢԺ󣬲ŷ˲ˣǭZȼһ±ơ
˵õϢأϢôˣҲкʧ
˴ŰСʱӣǭZȼвסˣЪҲЪˣʱˣͿʼסˣչֽţԱߣЩ˼˵Լȥǿ
ͷʾףǭZȼ뿪ԺԼСȣоЩʹʵԺظоҲʼʹϾǴа˹ָߵĸ߸ЬڹӿݲƽĵĴ߰ǳò޷ԼЬѵŵΪ˿಻˼
Ρ
ʱһ˽
ְԱô
粻ɵø̾ûаЬѵ
лҪ˵


˲
Ҹ

һҪ

𣲣
ʵʱԸնˮһЩིһЩ
Ϊд֪ҵĸһһҲ֪ϲϲ
СZҶӦ˽⡣
ҲСZĺüѸ鼦Ͷĸѧ
̻ĸһЩ
ôϲÿһɫ
ȷеĵطҺܱǸ
ҵޡıʻϸ塡ûܰĶ˵
ûǴȥ
Ρϣϣ
ϲҾͺܸˡ
ллҡ
ϲҵģԵһİҵĸרղء
лл


61 
Ȼ, ôŵʱ, Ǹǰ, ԭ, һ˫Ůʿѥյĵµͷȡ
㡭
ֻǵͷ, ޴룬ҲȥϾȵı, ֻԹԵض, Ȼ𿪺ӡ
˳ŸյĶ, ת߿ȥһ˫Ь
, һֻźС, һֻ˳ϴŵĸ߸ЬȻͬĶһֻЬ
Ȼǽʹ
š
ĽŲ, ЩףҲЩ, Ӧ·̫ɵİ, οĵҲȷ̫ӿһЩ, ߡ
ؼ֮ëһ¾ͺˡ˵űó˫Ĵ൱ɵķЬȥᣬָоžǡ
עʹץס, ͷᣬĿרעϵĶӯоʹ
ֻΪ㡣
һУֻΪ㡣
ŸյĲרע
֮׵ļ˻͸Ϊȷ󡣡յͷڶ鷢䵽ߡ
áЩ˼顣
ܾáԼ֮䣬֡
Ǹ׸˽ĵˣԼԼǸ˱ȽϡԽӽˡ
ǣƺҪѽӽĮ
Ϊġ
ֻʱ¶ᣬʱĿúе⣬ߣ׼ȷ˵ǣĶ
ģеĶİ
١
ڸյͷΪЬһ̡
޷ϵģһ¡ǰͰģƽȤģζ˴ģޱͨͻȻʧ˽࣬·ȴ˾ö
ûмҡ

ûʲô
ͣЩ죬ͻȻðǾ仰ȻͷҲ֪Ǿ仰ûУ֮ûõĻ͸ҡ
㡭ظһ飬ϿʼЦ⣬ǡŸյĲգΪϵЬģ
ĺܺÿ
ա
֣ȷֵһܸߡ
ᣬҲǡ
㲻һʦѲɡ֣ϸյգȺᣬֱ̧ͷԼʱһȣĴָָһյƵģȴȸȥոյ⣬㽫鷢±ٶ󣬽ţ촽һЦ⣬˵ڱɸҽ𣿡
ǡҵ˼˵ͻȻû
ΪͻȻת֣ŵ˱ĵط
磬յĴϡ
ĴĴָָһЩȣȥĦŸյ´
ԭûвں죬ѹֿȻΪɫĺ졣
ԺðһʣԸС
ָкܺõӣòƣܾĦŸյ´ģܺ棬ΪյķӦʵ̫ɰһЩƽһĲ˵ӣֱ˭ҪĮԽӽǴʱ˿̣ȴִ㶴㶵ģСƵġ
ַȣҲδ̫ɰһЩɣ
ĸһЩΪʲô˵߹ʣ
ҵ˼˵ҿԴȥҽԺյ۾ɴЩ㶵ģȴֹԹԵػش
лл˰תյСŷա
Ǻð
ƤҪһЩֻ
Ƕʮ갡ȴô󣬲ôࣿ
ǡ
Ȼ
ȴû㹻ʱ䣬ѻ˵
ضδˣ˵㣬㡣ղŵܹȵ˻
üͷﺰɻ󣬡ãлл㣬ϳȥ뿪֮ǰʶĿһ۸գ˵һ£л˵
յͷ
緢ֱ֣ĮĸգȴѸոյĻ˵꣬ȥˡ
߳ȥȴ껷վڹ۵ĵطǲ̫˵Щ˽µģ黻ط
껷
ڸһǱȽϰĵط˵ôˡʲô𡣡
껷Ҳ֮ĶֻЦ˵ҵ㣬㣬𣿡˵ţҪȥץ֡
翴ͼ֡
ǣбҪ𣿡껷Ӳӵջ֣ȴôһĲã˺òãҵ
ҵ˭𣿡
㲻ǵδ򰡡껷ͻȻЩ˫ַϣץѵ㲻ǵô䲻ǵ𣿡
һҪŭѹȥһ㣬˵Ҫҵļ˵¡Լ飬ұҪ
ʧ֮ǰ飬Ҳǵ𣿡껷һ飬ȴһ˵ģǼѵĿ˵ЩӡЩʧǰһӣôĿְΪʲô˫ֽţȴôסԼ֣ΪʲôΪʲôΪʲô㶼ǵء
㵽ôЩĿԼǰһˣ룬֮ǰѾ˵ú˰ɡ
ЩҲ˵Щ껷üͷˣûʧ֮ǰ˵ϽģڶǵˣһǵðôҸô֣ΪʲôҪŪزΪʲô
üͷЩͷӣ죬˵Ҳ˵ˣʧǰڣѾʲôǵˡ˵Щνġ˿ҸĻ䡯ıָֻ糣˵ĻȴĿ£ȫûӡ󡣲ᰧʹҲϲ֡Ӳᣬһеϧ
ǿ¿ʼֻҪһĻһǰһģǿԵȥ棬µĻ䣬ԡ
ԡɫô˵Ӱģһףܾ֮ǰҾѾ˵ˣǷ֣ҶѾûиˡ
Ϊʲô
㣬Ҫٴδ壬Ĵҥ˵ϾҪˣԼѾˣҲġԺۣһѰ;ΪѾԳ껷御ˡ
ġģ֮ǰô˵ʱûзϣ滹ҵģǲĲãʲôطĲõĻ˵ûйϵһĵģһᡭ
ûУΪǡ֮ǰҲ˵Ϊ˹ȫӣϣܹþۺɢϣҪҪǾҪʵһҲҪ˵ڵģֻĲҪٱ껷һֻˡ
ϴҵģڣ㡣ǴΣԼǼϲĲԷȴû뵽껷ﶼܹ֪ҵʱΪ껷̫粻ô̫ѿҲΪ˹ȫ껷ӣأò˶
û뵽ǣôɵġǭZȼ͸գºؼ֮;úڡ
ΣҪٷͬĴˡ
͵ɡ
Ϊֹ
̣أò
Ϊֹ
ΪʲôҪǲϲ˱ˣ
ֹͣ޶˵Ĳ²⣬˵Ҫ֣ѾһˣǰҾֻԼûе¡껷ѺǷˡ
ô䣬ôá껷ֽճȭͷ
㻹𡣡Ŀαϣ˵㡣ҼǸˣġ㰡
ѵǰô֪ҡ
ûСûǣҾܹȷ㡣Ǹˣ㣬ҹȥֵǸˣҲ㡣üͷһϲǸ˲㡣
һ˭껷ʼղġ
ֻʣĮĵΪֹˣӰͳһļó˦˳껷ϣһֱԥҪҪĸ㿴ˣҲûϵȻôôĻͱҲǱݣ֮ɧҵĻҾ
ЩأΪ㲻˵Ǻ˵
Ϊ˵Ǻ۸
ЩúΪ껷һ˵ƬǺϳɵģտʼһֱûлɹ
ΪЩƬ׸ġ
ֱദûжãͷˣеĲԾ
ΪһֱֵģǸĲˣʮˣǳ껷塣

ȻҲΪǸβ֪ˣȷΪǸʼɵġ
Ϊʲô
ʼնƶǸ˲Ϊ
Ҳ֪ԼƶֻǡǾã϶ǳ껷塣
మǸˡ

ǣһֱǡ

лҪ˵
໣

֮һ
Ҫ˵Ļһ
һʱҪ¿˵Ұң


62 
ӿ߳, оһ㡣
ۡ
Ŀĵš
һʱ֮ʧ, Լ˭, Լ, ԼҪȥҪʲô
һ, ͨͨһ㡣
ǰ
మǸˡ
ǳ껷塣
ǡ
ôǸ, ˭ء
ǡ˭أ
֡ء
ãã˺, ҪȥҵǸˡ
, ǸԼ֮ˣԼĻΪʲôԼءѵǸҲ
Щǰ, йమĻ, ô࣬Ҳǵ
Ҳǡ
Լǵ˻ôǸ, ǡǵõĻҲǡһȻɣ
˵
Ϊʲôء
Լĸ˵ǳ˰ɣ
֪鵽Ǽ, Ͼδ, ƭ
Ϊʲôء
ΪʲôҪƭ
ϧ, ôҪ֪𰸣Ҳûл˰ɣظҲüˡ
͡޴
ס
ڽϹţŲӳŵԼ
Ȼܲء
Сװ䷫Ьֵֹġ
ȫͲһַ񰡡
绹ϲģЬ
ҡغϽء
տʼϵʱ, ãֱڣ˺һ·ЬмŻЩء
ôôѵ칦ô
ǡ
뵽̧ţ򹤵صķ򣬴ȥ
ҪյлģһصʩĵطͱϢңŵһ̣һƬհףȻ󡭡Ϣһˡ
ûڡ
תͷһӭ߹
룬ǿԼˣ߹
ЬܺϽš
Ҫлġ
ġ

ȴû뵽վû
ա
ѧ㣡ǭZȼӺܹյǹ˺ֵ
ʲô£ȴת
¸µĲɹѣ˵ĺͬõģ㿴ȻҲѧɵģô˵أûиרҵϾҵûþͱԼ˾ʼˡ
ո㲻ǿˣ㿴ûͿ˰ɡհڳνӣǭZȼʵβʱһء
ɲ̫ãϾǹ˾ķɹʰ԰ɣǭZȼĸյļ俴һ߹ĺ磬յѾָ
տ߹һԲģ֣ץס󣬡߰ɡ
ͷȴûתʵ۹⿴գ˳üë
ʲôô䵭
СȵƲƲ죬ֻ˵ع˾ɡ
š
ǣͣԺǭZȼʶʺ˭ĳΪѾǳǳʿòģСˣС㣬ҲǳǳԾ˸Сĳ
гԵģԶԼã֪ʲôطϵðȫԺ󣬷ǳȻô˵
šҲԹԵϵ˰ȫӦ
·ϺľԶտյģҪʲôĸ㣬Ÿָʳû˷ƺҲϲĿζ
΢΢һЦû뵽ոĿζôาԣҲǸСǸСӿζ񡭡Ҳ˵أ
ЩСճԵ𣿡
ǡԼҲͦϲԵġ
𡭡Ц⽥ŨһƬԼʼųԣȻԼһƬҲҪȥιտ
ס
ֻǡٷĻô졭
˵ǡоЩ˼أǡоء
翴ŸյĲЩ
ңʲô
ţûУûа糶˵ǣ뿴СյĲǺء
ȻΪҵŮ
۾۾̫أСյ۾ô˵ءڷ⡣
G΢΢һ㶣ѵ˵ҵ۾޹𣿡
˼ֻǾã۾ܴ󣬺ܿɰɡָоܾáһǣ벻
𡭡촽ͷͬһӣ벻ͲҪ˰ɡ۾۾񡭡ҵһ롣
˵ҼһءܾáϤϤŮĸо
о˰ɡһ䣬Գһ㣬ûмοҵһ롣
Բ𡣡ͻȻ뵽աˡ
ûϵգһҲҪ˵ǸĻо̶
ţЩ𡣻ʹʹ
ʹˡллȻŸյĲ˵ĸоƵģܺϽšô֪ҴʲôЬأ
鰡ҵȻһȻɵ˵Ȼǡµİû뵽Ҹء
á࣬أ˿ȴǰԵġ
԰ɡǸоˣմ˿ɢĲֵϢƵģת˸ղŵĻ⣬ʵԭȴ룬ΪԼ⣬е֡
šǹ
ŮӲǶϲ𡣡
š
աſִͣյĸһЩøտԳԵǹòϰɣΪĸоʵʱĴĸеţ٣ʱĸоģϲ
ЩģΪιǹ֮ǰһЩ̽Ե뷨ģڶΣιճǹٴĵĻôҲ˵аٷ֮ʮĿԣǸչġ
ʵҲȷӣǹģС࣬Լഥĵһ̣ģҲڲţš
˶֪е塣
ǶĬ˺һ
Ȼ󣬻Ǹմ˳Ĭգһл˵ӣ⣬ȴޱ⣬ոգδˣ껷԰ɡյ˫ڷϣʳָȴΪոʳ⣬ŵôỵ̂ա
ͣȷ񶨣δˡǰ͸ԼˡǷˡ
յʳָͣ˰УȻ󻺻طʳָ˷ϣںĴֻʵΪʲôءֵԭǡ
ԭ򡭡ûʲôرİɡΪǸ˺޸оɣദ֮ûĸ飬ҲͻȻûˡ
ǣûй
飬ͳ껷֮䣬ûа顣
Ϊ껷壬ͲమǸˡ
Բ𡭡Խˣ˽ɣҲӦʵġֻûȥ磬ΪڿԵʣҲҲΪڿԵʰɣҲԸȥ硣
¿ܵ˺ģ
ѾҪδǸƷ˵Ļ鷳ɡ
ԣԭΪôҲ˲˵ڵġ𡣺ܿաɡ
ֻ֪һ˼Ա˵ȴӸյĿ֮Ļ
һڣֺ˳ҪԼ飬Ӧô˵ѳԿ·߿ͣĵطɲ
ţԣҪ˵ʲôأ
껷壬һƷжˣϣܹСġ˵˳ǲҪµġҲӦȥ£ʲôϵء
մӹ°óһļУݶǹڳ껷ģʵЩݣһֱ֪һֱϣ껷ԱһֵˣĻЩļҲðڷںǰˣҲһֱԥҪҪ翴
ϾҪˡôһǺϲϲܰܰɡ
֪˾̫͡˰ɡ
รͷرʾΪͲ껷֪ǸƷжˣҲûʲôþȵģ֮Ҳûϵˡ
Գ껷壬Ҳû˿ĸɷִڡ
㡭֪
Ȼ
Ϊԭ򡭡ֵ𡣡ղͷȥź磬Щ죬ԭΪ֪ġ
ǣʲôݣЩءǺı飬ô˵أûбˣûп֣ҲûѹǷǳȻ̩ȻĸоЩļݣǳʲôĽǶȥ飬Ȼҵǰ
̫ˡԲ𡣡ΪһղͻȻԼжʧ̬
ûϵʡһ㶼⡣ͻȻЦЦ˵ʵĻҴšͨͨҲ˵أǰϸڡ
Ϊʲô
ָоɡȻܹشҸյĻ͸ˡЦһЩӴս˸յա
ΪǸŮӰӦáúñǱ̣˵ĺϣȴǷŭģĴָĦʳָһСǲԾؾôˡ
𣿡
š
յøһЩ·ֻҪһܹ׵룬ոգ˵ѶԲԣ
Gʲôյɴ۾һ˲䣬оˣ񡭡ոĴָָĦʳָˡ
׾ͿյıǼ⣬ȻܵĶ
ոյĴ𰸲Ժ󡭡յգŲᣬԺ˵Ļٸңֻ滰ģڸղš²Ϊ
ͻȻƲƲͣ˻ôɰĺȫûպضǷϣҲûоñطİһ
һ
ǰѾһˡ
һжһˡ
Ҹ껷Լҷ֣Ǻˣаʱˡ翪ʼ룬ȴЩǵõķ飬ȴѾǾԶˣЩԻ롣
Ҫ˺£ǲôױġ
Ժ󣬾ͻ᲻ǵ˰ɡ
ֻǡҪ˺£жҪȴҲôļѡ
ڷֵԭҲ֪ô˵ǡһȫû˵ĸоɣҲϲҲӲϲϴαͭZȼײΪұһԷģû뵽ҹˡòܸܲѣǸʱ򡭡״̬Ƚ⣬ûоܾ̫ԡ
ǰǰͷˣڼ䣬ѵһֱɧ𣿡üͷģôˡ
ţɡ֮ǰҲҪֵı˴̫ѿûмƽϡҵʱѾ˵ˡԣû´ˡ
´ٳǰĻһҪҡ
ͻȻЦһ˫˵۾ﶼЦ⣬ά˵ѵڵ𡣡
û˵
Ҳðɣʱʤ
ҲҪ˵ʲôϲĻ
յգ˵껷ɧҵĻҿҪ鷳Ҹ˾ģΪ˵ٳֵĻһѰ;𣬸ʦ
ˣҺڸ˵顣
Ҳ氡ʦ
򴽣⸱桱ģް취

ðɡֻҪϾͺˡ˵ԺֲƵһ飬ԲԼ£Ͼ
Ͼ
ϾҪĺ鰡
лҪ˵
ұθ5000֣
߱ıյˣһҲΪҲɺ(?? . ??)
󲻿ллӴڶյ񵯣мΪ˱ҶİҲգôô??(???????)??ǲǸ


63 
ָŸյ, ܾ, ܰ, ǲ˵ʵĸо
ôǰЩǿĮ, ҲΪһԭ
߰ɡ
ͻȻ֮䣬˴˿̵˱˴˵ݡ
Ҳʵ, ̫һЩɡ
Ʋձߵָ˵, Ӧ˵, Ҳ˵ꡣȻ֪, ȻˡǸûع˾ˡ
ǣ
ҡǡ
ִӸյͦʡ
, ôȷ黹죿
ոաǢ, ڣ񡭡ֱǰĸһ
š
ţϵϰȫ
ǽòã֪, һ룬ʲôӵˡյĮ, ֻΪ裿
ȻĻ, ô, һǰӦǡɣ
뷨˳Ȼǣôһ, ϣģʼһĸհɣ
ĮҲǶԴˡ
ûرġ
Ը˵κһˣرĴڡ
ϣ
ҲҲҲϲɡ
ҪϰȫۻĶͣ⣬ԭأ֪λش𣬶֪Ӧ
ţҰһˡŸյķӦѾ֪ȷеĴ𰸣ֻǡǾáԼƺܹµһǾã֪
ִսһЩֳڸڵϣǰ㣬Ȼû߸ЬΪŵƣԺƽŸգ۾
һҷǳϲˡ
νģʩ𣿡
ǰɡյͻȻɤӾǸɿʹȴˮƵѣҶǡģϲĸоɡ
ΪʲôҪ顣ʶľʳ仰ϲˮſЩǭZȼ֮ĶԻֹԸ񲻺ô򵥰ɡ
΢΢һ㶡
ΪʲôҪ顭
รˣȻ֮һܵ˵ǻЩġ
ɡ֮ķֿ
һԲôܹͨ²ѡҲǼû˰ɡ
ɻͻȻЦˣĻͺˣȻ˵Ļôͷ˵Բˣɡ
Բ𡭡޹ءֻ⣬ѡǣעҪֿġ
ҵĻһ֪Ľɫĸ飬ʵҲֻǸˣּ֮ͨɡ
ˣ˵Щ˰ɡŮӦõȼ˰ɡЩܵ飬ͲӦ˵
Ϊôء
ͷҲֻǡѡ
֣ʼǲıġ
ֻһּ裬ΪֲԼҪҪ
ǣļ衣
塣
գģļˡ
֪ı䲻˵飬˵ʲô̸ʲôء
Ĳ
̫Цˡ
Ϊ
Ϊ
νġһĻ޷ģͻԡ޷ıĽĴϣĴҡ
ɵء
ֻǲı䡣
ϣʧ
ʧɾ
ˡ
һܹѿɰŮĸ󣬸ҸͯΩһҪȥ顣
ҲǣΩһӦȥ룬ȥǵ顣
һ·ԡ
Ĭ
һĳĬ
˼
ڸգǲ˵Щˡ
οΪԼأǡòףҪЩôҪ飬˵ʱƫƫֱȡ
ѵ
䣡СԶԶؾͿջӰˣAdaıֱԼȥ
̧ͷıԼŮԼɱЦݾѾ𣬴ӰóһʪֽԼŮź˵Ҫȥˤ˵ĻҪʹʹˣ𣿡ȻǽеĻȴǴżᣬȫܵ
ţ䣬ҳԵมСտԼ۾ڷ⡣
һ޵ģô᲻ףȻЦЦ˵ţܹԡǾ͡죬ҲȥԱܰɣ𣿡Ҳͷ˼Ƥֿɰ
ҮܣҪԱܣСӾܳԵԵĶܹõ㣬˵ıסԼ䣬ϲˣ
ԼҺӵͷһģҲܹĳж۰Ů
ȸAdaһ仹Ҫæһ£æǾͻؼң𡣡һʲôҲȥѯԼŮҲжԼܹԼ
ǲϲͬ⣬ҲҪԼ˵
áСһﵹǺܹԣϱӦȻɿ˱סһ˫С֡
ЦЦԼŮôɺǸˣȻվAda˵˼леĻ
Ŀ⣬ʼû뿪ĸŮ
հǸոմʩλǱùбӡ20ݣֱȥɡ㣬߰ɡ
պͺһͷ
䣬ǭZȼΪϹĿĸˣȻٲҪ̨һΪϵĸ˼³ԼĿɼеҪԣڸգΪɹÿһ˽ļϵ
ŴҲ֪Ρ󡯵һڹѿҪˣһ棬ҪʼۣÿһλŬ󡯵۳ɼҲҪ֮ǰŬ׷Ѱɣңֻңÿһλµʱܶʱܾ󡯻֤ǵŬ븶ûа׷ѣڣҲϣҶŬɵʱͬʱҲڹ˵ľǿ֮ġ
ңҪˣһ۹󣬾ÿεʱӴɼõĻȡȥŷǱҲ˵ءʱ򻹿ҵͶƱεطأƱƵ깫˾ȫม
ʱԿա
ϣࡣ
óܶòġ
šҲ˵ݣǱ͵˼ڳ޵ķ룬˵ʺְ㹻㡣
ԴͬµʱǿᣬҲһЦݡ
죬
ֱʱѾ°ʱˣԺ˶Żؼҡ
պǭZȼҲǡ
ȻҲǡ
ֻձȽۼ⣬˻ҵţǭZȼءտǭZȼοһЦ
ǭZȼһĲԡ
ոȷеĴ𰸣ٿǭZȼ
ǭZȼ˳Ÿڵĵطȥ
һ˲䣬۾ƺǾãЩŵĸо
߽ͣͬһ˵СС㣿
ԷҲ֪ǭZȼǿǭZȼֻ֣ǿǭZȼ˵ͷ΢Ц
ʱǭZȼƺ׹ոոյ˼תȥգ˼ȴѾˣҲˡ
Zȼ㡭̫һɣҲ֪Ǹݣô˵أܾԷֵһ̣ǭZȼ˵״̬òһˡ
ǭZȼԷ֮䣬ǡһεĴųƵģֻҪԷĳһ֣˱㿪ʼ
ġоɣ
°ͣ˼ǵĹϵЩʲôҪ顣
ֱڳ½ǡ
ͷһǸյỤ̊ô˰
СӵıǺܺöʲô鶼дϣҪȥΪʲô
աȫһ
ΪѲ¡
Ҳܹ뵽ѡûȷĴ𰸡
ô籧סСһһ̣֮һ˫ˮĴ۾
ǰͻȻģ
ΪʲôϤ
˭
ʱܹоģҺǿңһ˳ԺУǰ
ǿ
ʱһϹһΣ޷Ǹ˵ò
Ǹ˵ݣ٣üۣ˿̵ı顣
ʲôء
˭
Ǹˣ˭
ҧأȴǿ
ǿ壬ǸͿ
ԸоĴڣҲ֪Ĵڣƶȴǡ
䣡ͻȻ˵ˡСһͣúõģζúţϵζһԼʱҲรȴͻȻ˵ˡ
Сһѧÿ岻ʱ򣬸նõķʽҲСͷĶͷ
ôˣ߹źͷ󺹵ģü
ڶˡ
ԣȻ岻ô
䡭Сһü;øˣ룬ͷ˶ͷȻءȻҪôΪʲô벻ˡ
û¡ֻǣе㡭绹ûü˵껰ӭģǸշŴݡ
ĶͷʪȣԼϡ
˼ǱжҪġ
Ժûоܾûƿգڸһ̣ԺǵĻ档
ৡһͺˡ
綼úܺߣҪҸ
⡭
ȻûüƬ̵ġʪȣձ뿪ȡ֣֮ģڶͷϵͦġ
ãûзաǳ亹˰ɡ˵ţʪֽŶͷܲϸ
ؼ֮󣬻ǺһԤһ°ɡ
䡣
ţյעԼŮȥ
ȻԼŮһ仰úˡ
มһζ˵ţСһЦˣűסա
Ҳû£ֻǺЩڡ
߰ɡ첻ûؼҡ
ллͷֻϣϵĺΣܹЩɢȥ
ȴΪˡ㲻Ļԡ˵ͬʱȥס˺֡
Щġ
ԹԵıǣš
ôоҲǸյĺһǣţ

̧ȥ˳ŸԼ֣ıӰǿšһİĸо
ˡ
żӣҲ
Ϊûж³ĹϵԳֻ˰Сʱ͵˺Ĵլ
Ŀĵصʱ򣬸ҴլЩӣЩУ˵壬
ô֪ҼĶģɻӦǸܣϾǭZȼһ֪ȷеλãûã
һ㶣͡Сȼ˵Լǵá
翴ŸջشӣͷҲʡ
³Ժ
լ˱ӦؼңȻȴЩ᣿
ǡһؼˡ
š
ллĻûü˵
С磡껷峯ڵķ˹
³ʶģѺԼŮһԡ
ɧ
仰е˼һ㴦ͬѣһǡڶԼ֮ĵˣ辯档
Ŷ㰡껷վһߣһҲˣôˣû
Ҳʶ㡣Ե롣
ðʶҲáô껷սЩǲӦãѡҵδޡˣ
һµĻЦ˵仰һνӣȴĲһԿ
˼
ջԵĺ磬ֻǿĲ˵ЩʱԺʲôƵģԼǵãֻǡ޷ȥϸϸ̽
ֻǣԻ֪պͳ껷ʶİɡ
˵ˣչǸŮӣ껷ʼǸˣҲһŮһˣ˵˰ɣǽˣˣ㲻Ҫ˵ٴŶమˣ㣬ʲô˵ġٲ뿪Ҿͱ
áԸҪ𣿡ǰĳ껷ƺֻһŲڵĿûսûֵ
ʲôǡ
һǴ
ա
սһֻԣס֣ºͣġ뵽ʲôƵģȻͷרעƺҪˣ˵ҰĶ԰ɣ
šҲˣԡҪǿ
Σ飬ˡ
ն׼Ĵȥ



Ź֡
ֻǽų껷忴ĽǶȣλãǵǶѡ
ȻǶ׼͡ʪȵĺȻںϣŸյζָо
ȷСһ˵һš
͸գһζ
֡һЩôĲͬ
ΪǸհɡ
ԺǱֹͣˣɴ۾촽ȴȥա

ǣôᡣ껷ţܰ˵ţ˳ƱҪס֡
ȴսغ
սһߣһֻס껷
˻ۡһҽСյв˼飬ţ֡
粻ءңҲԶһɲġ
áҼˣڵġ껷ЦЦ֮ǰź˵磬סҽĻһڲңΪ˺ҡ
Դ
˼
飬ðֻҪû¾ͺ˰ɣĵץյϸţû°ɡ
䣬¡ոǸÿ¡СһקŸյ·ƲƲ죬һҪ˵ӣȴ
üԼոյĴʽ̫ˣϱҪοοԼŮȴķӦ죬ḧСһգǸֻУģˣĴңСŶ䳬ģѻء
䣡СЦ˻Լʲôᣬð
šСһ
ոһʱ嶯һЩ˸ԼŮ²õļͲˡ
С㣬ոճʲôˡؼҵĹܼҴʮվһţվǰڰϵͳ￴ʱ򣬾Ϲˣû뵽һС𷣡
û£ԺΧѲ߰ɣűϿء˵ţҪȥյ֡
ģûˣû¾ͺˡ
̧ܼͷϷӦ˵Сá
áն˶٣˵Ժ󡭡ҪǵĴС㡣
ǡոոǱżصģһʱ֮䣬Ҳûϳź˵˭
ˣˡ
ͣ˵ʲôȴ˵
ݰݡ
ټ
ټ
ţݰݡ
ݰݣͺˡ
ΪټӾ飬ϵĸӸɾ
ټĻᶼҪС
ݰݡ
ôͲҪҰɡ
лҪ˵
໰ұ滻
ǲǺܿ죡
Ҹ˺öأ
ŰŰΪɶ
һûŰպม
ֻʦ׸衣Խһ¡
Ҫ˯۾ᡣ



64 
ټ
˵ڵ, Ļ, ʯ, ûл
Ϊټġ
Դ쵽Ϊֹ, ȥһˡ
żʱҲյӰ
տʼʱ, 绹˺þãŴҶԼ, ôں, ֱ첻յ, ٱŲʾҪˣxingżϵǭZȼ
Ȼ֪Ľ, ճȥ, ʱΪʮҡ
ô˵ӵĻ, ͸ûˡ
Щܻᷢ, һЩ, ѹ, ־Լʲôûʲôûȥ룬ֻǴ񣬷ѡ
Ѿˡ
ԡ¸ڻ˰ɡ
һɣ
һš
翴ֻǵ¼, ͣںܾǰ
ûҪҪȥϢߴ绰ʲôġֻ绰Ϊǲ̫һЩ
绰ͨĻҪ˵ЩʲôأߣǸǱĻӦôشأ
ô룬մ绰һǵѡΪ⽫ζţӦʱ䶼ûУûа취˼Ĵ𰸣ЩûأøĻ
ǷϢĻֻйϵܹɣ
֪մӲڹʱ䣬ظ˹Ϣ
ôء
ȸɡ
һͻˡ
ԼĶ䣬һ
ʲôûС
Ҫһֻ걻СĸŪˣһֻķҲûУֻڸԷУҲãҪҪ¶ֻ顣
µõĶѾǰһˣôǻ˵һԶô¶ĵֻ꣬Ҳȥɡ
ǡ¶һֻĻýǡ
Ҳǽǰɣֻǡտյġ
յġ
ͻУ֪ӺδĽƸжѻ
ֱķ
еǸˣֵĴǻƵ
ÿεĽһÿһΣصޡ
翴ȫһϹһһ㶼һͷ˿
еĳֵĳ֪ܿʲôطȴֵǸˡ
ֻǣǸ˵òйصκΣУ綼
飬ÿһνں˵һʧܣеܣŨŨģ֮ȥʧС
Ǹˡ
˵
粻ЦˣЦ
ǸǷһʵڵˣ鶼д֤˵Ǹһˣ̫ѡ
ͬ
ˡ
һʱ䣬뻹ǡ°ɡ
֮ǰֹ껷ɧŹԼΪԺһֱ˾ͣûԼ
ѾȥתѾ붬ˣÿһϳһضǿůȻѴǹصģһֱһÿ϶͸ѡ
ſ6ģɫҪѾ
翴Ű죬ԼҲĳоƵءǳů̫˵ԭ
Ŵһһ·ʧԼҫŵĹߡ
ͣͻȻҪ
ǣС㡣˾ٶȲǺܿ죬ΪӺӾ￴ĲɿŴģʻٶȡ
һȥߡ㲻øͻȻ鲻һ㣬³ǰôһ䡣
ɴС㣬һʵ̫ȫЩ껷ֳֵĻΣˣҾںɣ֤ŵ˾ĻϿҶʵڡ
šӦˡ
һڽĿĵţйţҲ֪ԼڿʲôЩʲô
¶ûдֻһȻһܱë£ȻЩתůϾڶ죬ûзĻãһͺˡ
һֱţʮӰɣԽԽǰѺˣȴԴصġ
ͻȻ̣һСӰź籼ǸСӰһ㱧סȣͷ
һ㶣ȻСһѾܵԼˣЦӦ˵ţþòСأ𣿡
룡СһСشš
ҲЦ˵ҲСมԺ󿴵ңҪôˤʹʹ֪𣿡
ţ֪ˣСһתЦ˵̻ȥԺóԵ𣿡һ˫۾գš
ѽԭءգԾؾˣ龫ֵģһ¾ʹȥԺóԵġ
ţ
翴ŸСյЦݣҲЦˣŸڳôǼұķڴӰɣɴкһȥ԰ɡ
ȴֻԶߣգҪܣСıˤˡˣȻֹΪСˣĿԼر
ôˡ˵һܣһŻôھ͡
มǰˣԾͻˡոе죬ôﶼ
ʲôʱģΪСһﱧסԼһ̣ʶıγɰ뱧ˣڴյոһЩҲСһ˳λãСһֻú
졣ʵش
紹ڼͷļƷ˿ΪشĶͷƶԴͷٶ˵Щʲô
տźĲΪĹϵܹĿĽëϸҳͯĹ
Ӧñ
ôҲ·
еȣ봵磬һЩ
տһۺ磬Ȼȥɿָ֣ȥץסô˵䣿
˵Ժ󣬸ȴûеȴĻش𣬶ԹԵأߵŵһǰ˵˼䡣
˺Ĵ¡
Ǽ£ֱĲ񻰣翴ĸգɵ죬򴽡
ôˡǲһֱ׷Ŀ⣬û̧ͷֻüϴ¿ӵҲûͣ٣ĿתȻרĵԼе顣
̸һǸСӰ㴩·Сһͷڰ紩·Լ䣬ôˣȴҪ·أҲԼһǸС
⻰ƲƲ죬Ÿģԥһ֣ҪܾⷬȴԼϸյֵһ̣ҪƿĶûܽȥ
ֻάסյֵƣȻŸգҲɻĶϺߡ
񿴵һ֡Ϊߡ飿
ջûɿֻ֣˵ͺˡ˵ţ˴µĿӡ
ȴǽֽԼΧڲϵΧȻϣΧã岻ãôôС
ô֪岻ã֪ոϵΧſʳ
ҵ˼˵ս͵㿴һǾ岻ðɣ
ǡô졣ΪڴºɰԽתůһֻ֣ڸ˿ûбӰģ۵ϣš
Ҳ䰡ջش꣬һΪЩ䣬ԺǰɢڿУˡҸСյˣΧʲôʱ򻹸ҶԡҪȥǣסԼŮ֡
䡭˵ҪȥԺóԵˡСһ죬ԺóԵ
˵ԻողźһĲأǵ𣿡ԼŮССôڶзһף
ҪȥԺóԵġСһС
ǡЩôأյûСҲͦģֻн˵ĻԲǵð
СһͣϻشҲ֪üͷӲͷƤԼ۾֪
̾Ƶģ㲻֪ĻǾ̧ͷǸɫ磬˼´ΰɡ
ûϵҿСһԻ´һȥԺóԵģ𣿡ͷѯСһǰСһ˵С顣
šСһӦ
뵽ճ˵ģϲϲҪҪҪúõ˵
һ䣬áչ¶Цݡ
ǡ˾ںܾ˰ɣң㲻ؼô
ʵûϵģêˣ˾ϳֻǵ˰ǻûѡҡҡӦôҸɲźá
ҡ
ҡҼҡˮˡԡȥҲûϵ㳶һɣҲǺؼҡ
ǻǸô
ң˷ӡ
ֻסһˣ˼ô
ճһ
͡ˮ
𡭡
šΪ˶ܸ̽ѰĿ⣬ֻ˾㽻˼䣬ȻǣСһ־Ϳʼߣĳͣ֪𣿡
ȻôС˷ܵźֱǰˡ
տһıӰ
꣬ʼӡ
лҪ˵
ˡ
һ»
ȻҾȡôң
챬һһģʱôȣ
ûңģ
˵ȫûпŰûŰûŰûŰ
ΪɶҪ˵Űѣ
ȻһֱǸ˵һ仰
ˡ
λ֡
ʵһֱھĵ顣
һ㿪Ȧ
ҶȦûʲôʮİա
дȦҿ϶ȫġ
ʵⱾҲȫ𰡡
Ҿ˵뿴ʲôݣҾͲοӵ
һ
󡭡˵֮Զϸ
⼸鲻̫áҪֵĻ
ĻŰˡû롭
Űˣֱޡ
⼸춼û˯ãޣ޵賿ĵ㡣
ĺۡ



65 
Ь㴩˫ͺˡպ, ʹЬóһ˫Ьݸ硣
ллӹ, صɳϻЬ
ֻ˵, ȥ׼׼ͿԳԷ, ͺá
š
ŸյӰʧ绻Ь, ̧ͷһЩܣռĸ֡
ڸСյĴ֮, ԵĿ˿ռĲ, һ, һһ鷿֮, ˸Сһ￴һȦ
ԡûиյĻ, ״Ų̫ðɣ
ȻҲ˵ͺãϾǸˣȥ˼ҵķĻ, 񡭡ַ˸յ˽һ
ǣ޷ϵ, 뿴
ʲô, ǸСһһķۺݹԼΪ
ô, Ǻ߰ɣ
ǡѡ
鷿飬͸Ҳһ˾ģһ˾ģҲܽҲҵ, Ҳ˵
ְҵأҲûȥ鷿
ٿӵĸɫƫůɫǿǵСѵĹϵɣܾǸյԸĻһѡȽϵİ׻ɫ
áΪƽ˸˵ĸоȽ䵭ԡ
粻ЦЦ
ҾӵİڷţӵĲ֣ǽڵɫ
оԼϲõİɣ
ΪһҡԵʰɣ
һңĸкӣĴС޹أУ޹أֻΪǶ˵ģ֮ܰҰɣ
ܹоеů
صԺŷԭͿů˰ѹֻůʣǸոպõ¶Ȱɣ´Ժ䲻ȵĸо
ڲ֮䣬ڵλãЩ㶡
̡̡
ţ
ҸรķųóมСһһͷͦأź磦
ҿԺúóءιСһıض˵һڿԹԵĿһӣȥæ𣿡
šСһԹԵصͷŻѵɳϣңصͨƵ
糯ųȥ
˼ܲáæɣ
ֻǡ
ֵɡɡ
ձŸϵζ㿪ʼĲϣͿϴóϣ㴦ģ
üͷһӾˣߵߣס̧֣ͷԼͶɻĿ⡣
ûᣬֻǷ·ִһģõĶס֣쵽ϴֳǱߣˮϸڶԴһıСš
ֿŸյĲգš
ǡ
ǡΪʲô
ˡʲôʹ顭𡭡
ѵΪԼŽ˳𣿣
ϴֵģҲ֪ôģָоŰһ裬߳ܡ
ϴԺҲȻСĵĲϵˮգ˺һڿ̧ۿĿͣȴҲӣ
֣鷢ڶ󣬳ʱĶĴָָ˵ҲϲЩ
Ÿͣһ仰һ֣һڶûз㱻ǣ֣˳
Сա
ʲô°䣡СշҲƵܵԼߣסͷգһ˫۾
һϾ÷ǾͿάǣסֵƣһֻԼŮͷ
ţรСס˺˵̣ҪรҴһ棬÷Ǿܳ
类СոˣһС˶ģɴˣֻЦӦţá
Ȼڸɿֵһ̣ϱЦ⣬ȫʧֻǿŸգ
ȴᣬûжĿ⣬߻˳ֻһӰ
һӣҪʧ
ÿΣÿΡ
ÿһΣֻҪǶϸգǡ̲סȥյ飬ǻţͬħһϵ£뺣޷롣
漴Сһﳶ˳֣عˣţ
߰߰ɣСһź֣ߵɳǶ
ʮӺ
նŻиַ˵ŵĻϡ
翴һ۸գûгְҲ֪Ť
Ե;˼϶С˵˼仰֮󣬻϶ûпڣոоĳĬŤȴҲƣʼգһ仰Ҳ˵
˴֮䣬ͬһϵˣȴһڱһϼͬǣ಻Է
ΪԷӦǳԵģȴ˶ôԷ
󣬸һˮڿϣͺȴڸСյߣһСӼм䣬Ҳ֪ǲǹġ
һƵģһŵӡ
;еһƵڲȣʰ˱ĵӾ硣
һ򲻰ҲǴһ۵ģɸСȴʱʱûе̨ŵɳȥϴּ䡣
˶ҪңҲִָһ
ֻ֣ţֱңϡ
˭ûг֣Ҳ˭ûл̨
ﲥһװ磬Ǽֺö
һкӺһŮమһΰ飬ǰĺҡ
˫ĸĸԷǵļͥ
һôԼĺһʧأֻݶѣǶԷ
зڸ֮ңףԣԸȴŲ
Ůڣ£󷽣ԸȴΪ档
ԸǷһ
һʸ棬ʸԣȴƫƫŲš
һĶţӦǣȴƫƫΪ棬ʱ׽ŪˣʱԳɿ
Ըˣǻһ㣬˴Т
Ը죬ȴϱ⣬֪
ûбȶԷʺϣԼˡ
ԷǸ֮еעǸеΩһ
֪
ãϵһ
ȴƫƫΪֶӣ֮Ů
ĸȻǼԡ
ŮҲȻϷֿ
ɵĽϷʧ䣬Ůʧ⡣
򵥵һ£һ򵥵ľ飬ۣ˼䣬ü
ڹӾҵôˡ
ô򵥣¶òҲܹµְɣ
޷ǾǣзŮһ𣬻ǣзºŮమֿ
ھڽеҲǣʧ˵зֱŮӣӦû¿ʼŶ԰ɡ
Ƥͷȥա
Ĳ
רע
·Ϊľ飬Ĺ£Уͬܡ
ôˣ
ΪѾʱʱȴͻȻŤߣ
类ץ˸ţҪ񶨵ʱȴϸյ۾Ͷһģ˵ϲĹ𣿡
Ȼ
Ϊʲô
Ҳ֪һһɡͻȻǣЦˣ򵥣ôϲ
ǡ
ţ
Ϊʲôרע档ں𣬽֡磬ʱˣȴһֱûʳڣڱ˴֮ľ룬˴֮ĹϵôģʺʣҲʣûʡ
㵡
ôᡣ㵣չ¶Цݣ룬ǿ˰ɡֻǸ̾ľ飬Ҳ̫ЦһЩɣ
Լãü
зŮһʲôģ̫Ц𡣡
⵹Ҳǡͬ
԰ɡֿЦ
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ͻȻһֻ֣͸յľ֮Ÿգ΢΢̧ͷ
ղͷʶҪˡ
ȴϵĴУ˶
翴Ÿյһ۾һգգ
ֱֻ֣ʼأƶ
Ƕ˶ĴָסյĴĴָ΢΢˹֣еǡ
Ȼסŷת֣أĸָ-cha-ָָ֮ķ϶
ʮָۡ
Уһ
ֻǣʮָۺֱ壬ҪͷΪ̫
ʲô
ۣӡ
𡣡
š
ΪʲôǺȺ䣬Զı飬ʧΪʲôƺʲôһνӣǣ֣Ҳ޷ӦҲ²͸㵽ʲô
ȴû˼һ϶Ҳ񶨣ֻǻ仰ء
㡣
仰ĿһͣҪ˵ЩʲôȴǱտڲԡ
ִսһЩΣȴЦոգǲ˵ӣۣ
ſͣҲش𡭡Ҳ
ˡ
ʲôҲءʲôԭء
ϾѾ۾̧ͷȥ
лҪ˵
໸£
öˡ
޹˾ˡ
ǰҳһ
һֱһֱֲǻǺѹ

Ұȶҵİ
߱ʵ?ã?Ӧýо?ֳ?á?
ôôգллĵסȻ˵õأҪžžžʱܳԵ𣲣
dreamcatcherллο죬ԣǰʱֵʱ۾ȷɬе˾ͺôô
˵ģҪʵڴᣡ
ࡿȣߣqsިtr
ллҺ˯һ֮󣬽۾ͲɬҲûˣǰʱǡӴι˵շ
ȥ˯Ұ㰮㡣


66 
յɴ۾
ôź翿Լ, 
ֻ, 봽֮Ӵĸо, ܵʵС
ȡĺ, ѾƵı۾
Ľë֮һֻʮָ, һָֻĺ󾱣ָ, , , ȴҲʩһЩΪ˷ֹƿԼ, ֻ, Ϊñ˴˵Ĵĸӽܣ˱˴, 
ԼĴĦŸյ, ǵĲϸ, ϴ´, ڸյĴϣ𣬽΢ţպ, շתĥѰҳһ㣬ȵϢȵĴѹţ
ҲΪĹϵ˵ıҲôཻһ𣬺Ҳһ
Ҳ֪ǴǳԼ룬ܾá׸յʱһĺָоȣȴֲůģģϲϲŵ˸յζƵģֿĵĸоڶ⣬ӵÿط
ֻǣʼնĺ硣
ûб۾ûУκεĻӦ
Ҳǡ֪ӦλӦ
ҲΪһܽӴĹϵɣȻв࣬ȴҲô
ӿʼҲʮѡ
һϡ
뿪壬Ҳֻ뿪һѣĿŸգΪһǵĹϵЩŸߣȫ޷Ҳܹߣ΢΢ͷִսһЩֻһΣļͷϡ
һ̣ʱ䶼ֹˡ
ǲڸյļҲκεط
ǣһֻǵ磬˭ܹŵǵĵط
٣һ̣ں翿ϸռͷһ̣ĸо˵𺳡
ô졣
ʶľҪشȴ´˵Ϣ͡
ֻ˵Һϲˡ
ջû˵
ǡ
˵ף
ô
ء֣һ˫֣Ծʮָţʼգûɿƶûбû֣ͼô뷨Ͷδй͸ԸôҲɿˡ
˵˵ҵĸоǿʲôġԾɿļͷϵıȴЦţȻЦţ˵Ļ⾭ӹһᡣ
ǡǿˣҪ˵Ļʵûоãֻǡܾáܾá˿̲˵ЩʲôĻڼڳɱתţЩ飬޷úõƲסᱬ
ţ
ллϲңǡҲ𰸴ûжѡֻǸΩһѡ
˵뿪˸յļͷ
Σ˸յ۾һֻе֣ʳָסյֹͣ˵ȥҪ˵ĻҲģǾͱ˵
˵ڡڡֻҪϲ㡯飬ͺˡѾ㹻
ľܾҲܡ
㲻ϲҳϲ
ԣ˵
ͣҪ˵Щʲôȴϡ
ִս˸һЩֻβٿļͷֱӱס
գһ򣬿ŸյĲȻĶߣС˵ûиоûΪʲôܾ
˵Ļʶľ˶գҪ磬ȴֹͣ˶ΪһֻȦסͬʱ˵ҪƵģҲ
ԣ˵ĻҶšôĵıҲֻ֮ţãһ֡ڱصõĸо
Լаô˵һ仰Ҳ˺Ըû˵Ļ
ͷһֱŸյĲȴı飬ǡ񡭡Ӹ˵仰ˡʲôͬĵһֱǾƺЩܶ࡭졢ĵ˼
šǣаաĸһЩȦסķΧСȻյյĶ˵ôȻǳһĻҺβʹҵȨ
ֻöһȣһôӭƺԼ඼ܵӰ죬ֻѹǹĶװûܵӰһ⣬ǡʻأȨֲͷһ𣬾ƶսǶȵʱоˡ

ա
Ȼʵϡʵȫ
Ϊ籾;յմյĺܽټϸǸʱڵͷĽǶȣǡĴȻȻ˸յա
Ҳһû뵽ֻһЦŸյ˵ҡִӷڸվƣ任ΪĽǶȸϸյա
ָȴģգʱḧʱ
˺һûлӦȴҲûΪ𰸻شǣ֮
ȻѾˣƽ۹˽¶ھȻһ㣬ӶҪڸˣòڶԸһ
Ҳ֪ǶʮãԼ̲סֻһƵģڻֱסִֻҸ´ᣭȥסߣȻ˱ģ󽻵ֱ§ס
𣿡
šҲ±סգСղأϧ
ţ֮ǰһָֻյʮָƵģְ˫۵־𣬾Ūţȴʼղֹ
˾ôţ´ʱȴûһ̫һЩɣڶ˻ССաŮĴˣԵСѾߵǰʱǻûע⵽
Сǿǽ۵˫֣ȻһֻС־ȥˣֱǣסϣ˵䣬̣ҲҪ
ԼŮʱ򣬸ղγһҲƵĺСȺϸ΢Ĳһ£Ȼ󽥽ʮָ۵ֻԼ֣
籾ЦŶСɰģо˸յ춯ֻ˵ˣûȥˡ
ΪʲôΪʲôء
ʱᣬʱĮ
ʱʱܾ
̣Ҫ𣿡Сɰգ˫۾ź磬ϵı飬Щί
ûյĻû̻ش𣬶СɰС˵𣿡
ţ룡ϲ̣СɰսһЩס硣
̫ԸأСɰԼϣȻָָգͬĻ̾һ𣿡
áСһ˼ӦȻί״ͣԼ䣬Ȼ˵Ļζԣ䣬òãòò
СһһĿĲݵļƣͻίţֺø˵Ļ졣

̫ƻˣ̫ƻˣ̫ƻˡ
ȻԼŮһԸԼ
ðɺðɣðɡշˣˡ
ҮҮҮҮСɰ˵Ȼ㵸ĶԺ˵̣㿴ӦรǲǺܰ
šСأƵСɰıӣ´һҪСɰȥԺóԵġ
˯ԣڡ
ûϵҸտûпͷ԰ɣҿԸһ˯ԣҲ㡣Ȼͷգգ۾ǳǹģҲȸշӦСɰ˵Ҫȥķһȫա
շ̲סˡ
㲻ҡ
ʹҵ𡭡
ðɣȻҲˣǡһ˯ԡ⡭üͷˡ
տʱŵˣȻȥԼʰȥˣϾҪ˯ºͺĻϴ·С
ȵһŵ࣬СһǳԾؾ˵Ҫȥϴ裬Ϊ˵ѾǸСˣûСһԼҲ˵ԼǸСˣԸŽ̵ԼѧŸԼϴ裬ڵģջڼ䣬ڿԼŮʲôĵطͲ
ԣڸձڿļûҲڿӣʱʱֻûʲôϢ˱ظ
Сϴ󣬳˷䣬ҲһߣŸգźһڿŵӡ
ʮʱСһ۾ÿ඼ĻϴʮҲˡ
˾ȥ˯
šСɰ۾
ţ

ԼŮط˯ıӰתͷ˵Ҳ˰ɣȥϴɣϴ·Ѿԡˡ
ء
ϴ֮ϴͺˡЩģһ䣬ʲôĻҾͺˡ
һ˵꣬ҵļڻȻֱֻȥǣ磬ȥԣȻ˵ԡôҲķ䣬źֽȥʱ򣬸ջЩ˼ֱļߴȥϴ衣
翴ıŤҲƣԹԵȥԡҡ
ǰǰҲʮӵʱ䣬ȻԡңȴɾůͣΪǰůһ㣬ø¶ܹ⣬ĵĳ̶ϲ
ֻǡе뾡ģΪʲôء
ϴˣһʣ˵ϲ˯ıߣͺãҶԡ
š
ֻһӰȥԡҡ
ʱʱԴһ¸յķ䣬ڴߵһǣܡ
յķ䵹ǡô˵ȴʧ󷽣岼ҾӵİڷţҲܷ⣬ĻϲǻϲǱÿһ䣬ǡ
Цվߵױ̨ǱߣϣøյĻƷͿʲôģ־ǻƷͻױƷʲôģҲڷŵĺ룬ҪǡӡԼõһģ
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˯ɣҳȥͷƱҪȥ
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һҪһɣſϽҵֵĻô͵ҵҪˣΪض𡣡

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ʱ˴Ŀأʼմͷ
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֮ǰܶΣʱ򣬿öζ˵ģ;ãķĺúáķ˿л˳ϴˮζһġƺ
粻ԾЦǺ֢ϲϸ֮ģ֢ʲô鶼ã˺ƣõĶһϲһʲôһ
Цʲô
ոյĲûƵģ˶ᡣ
ûаǡķʺá
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ҪһԭĻǴžǡǡվ飿Ϊʲôϲ
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ţ
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ȶ˶մսЩȴһȥʧ
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Ȼͣˡ
źϼЦݵʱһ䣬ᰡ
᲻
Ȼᰡ
˵˵һ룬飬˭ᰡ
ðɡôܣĴܣѾϰˣǣջǰԡ
ü
ðɣ㲻ջҲԡѰ˸յ۾Ŀ⣬ǣסֵƣתʮָۣ˵ҲĺܺÿΪǸֵȷܸߡϲ㣬ϲ㰡Ҫ˵òȫ޹صĻû취ƭ˵ʮʮȫ޹أҿʮʮĸ㣬㱾˵ֵ硣
˵Цˡ
մԭء
۾գգôŸա
ͷô˰յյĶߣЦ˵ѵΪ˵ף̫ж𣿡ãֻǿЦˡ
һġ
˵ʲô
ֻҡҡͷ
֮󣬺緢֣Ĳɵģʱڷ
䡣
ţ
Ӧ˼ҵģģӦģ
ʳ𣿡ˡ
ţ
ԼŮŵﳵϵϣ߿ȥʳ
һ
СɰϹﳵ֮󣬴ɰͳ˾ˣȥĶСɰ˵㡣
ֻܸܡ
ڳй꣬ȥ̨˵ʱ򣬲ŷѾڳдСʱˡ
ãٰʮԪˢֽ𣿡
ˢˡǮʱԱߺһֻ֣Ѿݹȥһſˡ
ԱѿӹˣһûˣҵľͺˡְԼĿݹȥ
üŸգһ·ȥͣ·ϣҲһֱŸա
һ˳Сɰںϣһ
ι
ʲô
ܽ⣿
ûС
Ҳ˵֪˵ʲô
Ҫôô
Ҫ

ðסһϣһһ緹˯ĴҲһЩȽϺðɡ
̡Ҫ䣡СɰһֱźԼ䣬ܾúһġˡ
ˡ
ĵ飬Ǻһ䳬ʳģλǺһ𡭡
Ҫˡ
͡
Բ̲ãǸ俪ЦأҪ˺𡣡СɰСôɰһӣһˣ;ġ
𲻿ҲԼŮ֪ˣҲ֪ˡ֪͸ľǺúӣԲԡ
šСͣͷ˵
ұ֤ԺҲСղˣ𣿡

Сû˵ȴֹȥСָ
˵˵ˣҪһǧมСɰ̧ͷˡ
ţûޡ
ܺá
ţӦ
һԿһĻʹӡ
лҪ˵
໰¡
ҽ졭ԡ֪Ҫ극
ԼȽæ
ûܶ
졭пյĻܻ
ܶһµ
ûɹĻһġ
ȷġ
ҪظĻֻ½ˡ
ôôգ
ึˣСZСม
˯ˡ


69 
Щ𣿡
ʲô
ǭZȼļ̧ͷ, ֻͻȻðһ仰
տǭZȼ΢㶵, ˶, , 𡣡󣬾Ϊһֱæŵһ۷, ֳȥˣһֱûʲôʱĹǭZȼ
ȻҲԴ绰ֱӷϢʲô, ûеֱӺͷ㡣
ҡ
Ҳһѵء
ʲô, Ѿˡ
鷽桭
顭
ǡһͿ
տǭZȼ, ͷȴûټļ, ƺôش, ǡ֮С
ǡҺǭZȼЦЦôЦݣֻôء
ü, оӦӦð쿴ԷʱΪһתʲô, û˵ʲô𣿡
˵ʲô
֮, ̸һ̸ڸ鷽ʲôģߵǭZȼǰ, Щ֣أû𣿡
֮ǾһؼˡǭZȼʰʰ棬߰Ķȫ, ؼ֮ĹֻͣһֱʰĶ̧ҲգЩκֻʲôû˵

ôˣ
ǭZȼ˸ĹУǰȴȫȫȫԷ㡣
尡
Է㣬θ顣
ӦİӦõİСʱڣ֮տʼһֱԷߣһУСǵڣǿ塣
ǭZȼûġ
ûУ㹻ţԷ㡣
ǴӲȱĶġ
ΩԷǰݸǰǭZȼΣȱ
Ϲһ
ǰ·ֵĵٽһûС
ǣôء
ǭZȼôأҰԷĻشҲҪԷĻش
죬졣
Ժ۾ͿԷԼߣ˯չԼǰ
Ժ󣬲ŷԼ˯¡
˯ǰûֻڳ˯ģԶ׼ģԷİɣ
ϡǵã˯;ʱѹԷ飬ԭΪǸβŶԣԭġ
Ҳ˵Ȼһ
ֱ˯ʱ򣬱Ƕֿ˯һʱˣԷ˵Էһֱߡ
ڶ죬ˣԷ㡭Щðˡ
Ժܡ
óóʱ䡣
Ӧ˵ǣûпΪ֮棬ֻǡཻƽߡ
æԷҲæ
ʱؼˣԷ㻹ûؼҡ
ԷؼˣԷ㶼Ѿȥϰˡ
ˣĸڣ֮䡭ôء
ָɽõĹϵãĶЩ֡
ֱ죬Է˾
ǭZȼ밡ǲҲʶ֮أǡֻǵأԼˣҪԼһأ
ͽԵİɡܡܡаɡ
졣պͺ뿪֮
ôˣǭZȼߵԷߣ¶ЦݣǺæ𣿡
Էֻǿ˿죬ͷ˵æҲóչ
ΪʲôǭZȼŵͷС
ԷֻЦЦ˵ؼҰɡҲڼңʱְˣ˵ҲһȥһҳһԶٷɡ
Ҹְһ𡭡
߰ɡ
ԷֻԹԵشǭZȼĻһ뿪ˡ
˾°ʱ䣬칫϶ûˣȫԷֻǭZȼûǣ֡
ôģ˾ӵ𣿡
ǣ˾ңԼġ
ǭZȼͷǡҪȥߣԷ㣬ǡʲôҪ˵ɣȻĻҲ˵һˡ
һһԷԷģ磭ӣһ˵ŰְһؼҰûҪߣҿӡߵĺܼԼܽ
šԲҪϿһؼҰ
ðɡ
ǭZȼ˵ûӿ쿪ٶȣԷżӣ֮УҲż
˻𼱻ǵĻ˼ң˵Ȼط֮Էߵĺ
ôˣǭZȼתԼŤŤԷ̵ţлҪ˵
Էֻǿ˺һ̾ƵģǭZȼԼķ䡣
Ĭ
ΪԷֱ˵һЩġȴû뵽ʲôû˵ֻǿԼ
ǭZȼ̫ϰߣҲЩܵĲ˼
ΪԷµġȵߡҲ˵ǣǭZȼϲɣֻǡ롭뿴Էĸӡ
Ӳ֪Щӣʲô
ֻǡԷ򵥵һͺ˰
ܹһ𣬺Էһ𣬶ǭZȼԣѾǡϵҸˡ
ϧǡ
ЩǼ򵥣ģȴƫƫѵõġ
Ȼ
ȻڣǺԷһ˰
ôء
ǭZȼȫһ㡭оġһһֱĵģ顣
˵˾ǣоԷһ
Ϊǰڣڽ֮ദģʽദ
ǽȻܺãȻǰһۣǣⲻǭZȼҪģҲǭZȼҪİ
ţҲ˼
Լô̰ء
ֻҪԷ㡭Ӧ˸һĿˣǭZȼӦҪģӦҪ˰
Ϊʲôȴڴʱ˿̣״
αء
ֺοء
һӲ˵ģǲǾܹһӶֿأ
ĿܣǭZȼȴ󣬲òƷֿܡ
òϣ˵ġ̰ģ˵ġ㡣
һۣǡ͡Էһ¼ǰǶǣ벻飬顣
ڣȻʼĲ㡣
ǡ˵Ļ˵޷úõĸԷһ𰡡
ѵҪһֱ
ҪɣǭZȼ밡˺ܾãܾãġһ㶼ҪȥҪά岻ĸо͹ϵ
ǭZȼҲܾᣬܺ¡
ᣬҪҪԷ˵
£˵Ժιϵθ飬ģͽˡ
ʱ򡭡Ҫô졣
ֻܿЦ
ֻߣǭZȼޱȵĻɣԷǷʶˣ֮ǰ˵ĵһ𡱵
ҲԷûףζʲô
Էףе֮󣬻һô
ô
Ƿϲ
һֱڻţԷ㲢ϲԼֻǡֻΪԼֻãΪһֱ۰ŵõĹϵԲšӦġ
ȻҲǭZȼµԭ
ǾǡԷ֮ԻӦΪ
ǡǭZȼ޷ܵģҲġ
йϲ
ϲһ
ܰжమ
Ը⣬ΪΪõԼ
һ졣

ˣ˵Ƿֿɣ˵Բ𣬸˵ǿ㣬ŴӦһġ
ô

ǭZȼʣĻ
ǡɣǸԷ㣬ƫƫֲܹӲҪҪĻĲ֪Ӧôźˡ
ʱ򣬾Ӱɡ
һԽǺ£ԽǶԼûģԽǶǶθںԽǶǸִţԽһ
ףһԼ磬һֻԼ硣
κεþ
κεĽһ
ÿÿԷʱô롣
ʲô

ǭZȼعŷԷսǰҲԼգЩ¶ȣǭZȼתƵ۾ϣһ˫۾ֻܹõԼҲֻԼ
ԷרעǭZȼ
ܹһֱԼĻжá
áԷ۾Զֻźð
ôˣԷִյĽһЩСתǭZȼĶߣġ
ûԲ𣬸ոˡǭZȼֻȫ飬Լƺ֪ԼЩʲôҳһţ֣Ŷͷ۾
ܣ
ǣǡûˡǭZȼ۾¶һЦݣţץסԷԼյֻ֣ԼֻůһЩǰԷۺʱԣܹеůֹϣҲϣǾůġ
𡣡˵ԷҪȥ
ǭZȼ磭ֱ§˹ȥһѰԷڻ棬һ̣һ˲䣬;ãԼģ
ظʣò𰸵飬Ҳ˲˴Ƶġ
СZоǭZȼĺܽܽ΢΢ЩʹԷҲ˵ڸʹʱҲڸǭZȼں
ոգҪ˵Ϊ˰Է㵣ĵ飬ų⡣
šǡо΢΢ͷŲһͷλãսǭZȼĲ̫ĶԲԣ
ûаôᡭҲš˰ʱķǣϡ
ϣԷҪԷĲĺ£ȴԷʱʸڷϡ
ΪҡԷûǭZȼĲϣֻ漴Ŀķǣֱ˵
ǭZȼĶΪԷı飬ЩȷȴԼԼãԷЩ϶ζ
Ϊʲôôã
ΪÿߵʱڷԷͷǭZȼļͷļ򣬲ͷǭZȼĶ䣬Լģ
ǭZȼ˵Щʲôȴζ޷˵ڡ
Է˺һûǭZȼĻشû˵һ䣬Щԣֻ뿪ǭZȼĻ
ǭZȼɫ糣ֻûб顣
ô˵
˵ʲô
ǡҵ𣿡
û
ı˵㲻뿴ң㲻˵Ҳ롭
ûУ
ǡԷ֣סǭZȼգôĴָָǭZȼƤ
⺢ӣˡ
Ȼһֻ֣ǣסǭZȼ֣ʮָۣͻȻǭZȼҲܴأԼִָҲϸء˵꣬ԷЦſǭZȼ
ȴֻǭZȼˡ
ǭZȼԷͶοĿ⣬ȴձΪԳοǳ
˫ҧɿڣԼԷʮָ۵֣˳ȻץסԷ㸧ԼյֵһһҪ˵𡣡
˵вĵĻΪʲô˵˵أǰʱ㶼˵ġ
ǭZȼεĿԷ㣬ͣȴʲôû˵
лҪ˵
˼滻ˡ
賿ʱ滻һ¡
ȫ滻֮һ¡
Կ滻иµ½ม
ǲǺˬ
Ҳˬ

ȵҶпߺڸµʱظġ
ͬʱеİ˵Ǹµ⣬һɵġ
һֱΪѾ֪˵ġǷ½ڵĹ̶ģʽʲôġ
Ϊÿηŷ½ڡⶼǡ£²¡


70 
˵, ֮䡭ʲôǲܹ˵𣿡ԷȥץǭZȼ, ȴץ˸ա
ɲ, ҪһֱҵСӣ
, Ϊ𣿡Է¶Цݣƺû뵽Ϊԭ, Ц˵㰡, ʲôʱǸСˣҰ, Զ, ʹˣԡ, , ǣǭZȼüԷ۾޷˵ʹࡣ
ʲô
Է㿴ǭZȼΪͻȻ̫, Ӧ̫Ĺϵվ, һ, ȴǲ˵, ҲվȻǭZȼȽϸֻ߰΢̧ͷϾ仰˵㲻ú˵Ļ, ô֪ʲôɲԱٵСˣ
ǭZȼظһղ˵Ļ
ʲô˼Է㲻ס
㲻𣿡
ʲô
Ҳ룬ϣԸ⣬ӲϲһֱһֱһֱһֱҵһСǭZȼԷڵķ˹ȥ׽סԷ֣㲻ѾһˣҲˡ
Է֣Լز棬ȻżԷ㻹ܹоо֮£ס壬ǭZȼأءԷʶľҪֳ롣
ǭZȼȴذסԷ֣һֱԼϣڣǰˣǰңѾһŮˣһŮˣһʵŮˡ
ʱǭZȼɿסԷ֡
ǡڽ԰ɡǭZȼͷҪҲȥԷı顣
ܾã㲻ڸҽ㲻ǰҵˣҵһӡΪǸӣͯ޼ɣ˵Ļ㶼ȻӦ𡣡
Ҳ֪Ҳ֪㵽ǲ棬θ飬㵽û档ֻǡáһ㶼áڽҲҲΪ֮ǰ˵ദģʽ̫һЩ˰ɣ֮ǰ̫ܣһڡһˣȫ˰ɡ
ֻΪʲôҪԷǻӦʼջǻʱǣ֣ӵżǣǣʹǭZȼɡ
ˡ
ּ
ʣӦָĻ˲ŶԣǭZȼãҲ޷ˡ
ûҪϲԷ㡣
ֻڣһ飬е
϶ΪʱԷһ̫򵥣ӣûеľֻܾԷȻȻĴӦԣͻ˷ܳͷԣڣ˵
ԣǾáǲڽô
ǲ񡭡Ǹǡ
ǭZȼһЩǲ˵ģǲģʣأáڽ𡣡
ҡǭZȼҪ˵Щʲôʱ
С㣬С㣬үѾˣ˵Կˡã֪ˡǭZȼ˻ش߳˷ţķܾã˺ܾԺԷŻعԼĴǭZȼ֮ȥ˲Է
ٺ֮䣬Ҳû˵һ涼Ѽ
ԣ֮һζû˵
š
û˯һ
š
һˣʹ˶лؼңͬһ£
š
ļٵİ
ġ
ô㵽ôأտǭZȼޱӣеǣӦòİɡ
ôءǭZȼһЦݣϣԼǺѹӣֻǣҪʱ䡣룬ЩӾͻġɡϾҶζܷġ
˵ڰս˶ƾеȻãĿء
ȶԸˣܻḶĶһЩġ
ڸǣǸ˾ˡ
԰ǭZȼ룬һһͿء
Ҳϣˡ
ҲϣҷǭZȼЩʣ֪ԭƵ˵ѧΪӦԮ𣿡
ûСֻǡãϲЦЦЦǭZȼĿЦ棬ȻϲôͲӦ÷
˵ЩƮ˰һӣġѡѡѣܹһԼĻϲִ׷˵ģҡԼôϲյ߿𴦣ܹĵģȫȫȥϲһ˵ˣ˵ҲⱲӣģ£ˣˡ
ѧ㣿
ţ
˵
㶣Ȼü¿ǭZȼȻ
ܾá͸ҵ飬˵űˣűˣ硭Լ˵һʱǭZȼ൱ȫڿЦ
Լá
˵ѧ㣬ҲʶöˣҲðԼ͸¶ôһ˰ɣ
һֱҵܰԵӡ
ҲҪԡǭZȼͻȻ֣һµӣֻǹ㡣Ϊкܶܶʱÿ˵ҵҽʱһįӡ
𡭡
𡭡𡭡
ԭô
ʵȫȥҵ飬Ҫ֪ĻҲġ
ĻȫԼ˵ҡ
ҡ
ҡҲ֪㲻ɶϵǰǰɣԡǭZȼĪŤ۾ò֪ʲô
ԣ
ԡҾȥ˵һֱû鵽͡šš㶮á
շǳӵĿǭZȼһۣȻֻǿЦѡ
ΪЩ˲֪˵Ҳڹˡ
㡭֪࣬Ҳ˵ġ
Լ⡣
ô֪ʲôҿԿǿشม
ҡǭZȼŸһȻǡ
°˵ʱˣܼࡣָָԼϵıһСʱˣɲٶˡ
аɣ°ĵĻСô죿
ðȥӾͿˡ
仰ѿڶһ˲䣬ԺУģһ
ôˣ
ûʲô
ˣ˵ߵͦģѵ˵ҵ˵Ļ𣿡ǭZȼ뵽ʲôƵģͻȻڣ֮ĵ٩֮òڡ
ʲôû֪ʣȷˡ
һЩ̫Ҫ飬Ȼǻᱻĺܿ졣
ϧǣЩҪɲҪġˡȴζ޷
Ҳǰ
ǡʲôģͲܰ
ΪϱûСǡ
ǣرǲϲʲôģȻϲҲԶ׼ءǭZȼ˵⿪ʼһֱЦķǳġyin
ֱ˵ЩžһѣϼȻ͹ˡ
ڸߺǭZȼϵЦݱʧˡ
ÿ˶ԼѴأСԼġԽġ⡣
ǭZȼɵȻɵĶҲڳԼ֮ѡ
նԺġһ֮ڣڳ˵Ĺڳ˵Į
ܡر𡱡
ʶպüԺΪֿѣȫܹо
ղһĮˣҪ˵һ˵ĻҲȫ
ֻǿԶԴ˭ѡ
ֻǣԺںˣᶼһۻ߶˵һ䡣
ԣ֮䡭ԡСjian
ں硭
Ҫ˵ر𡱵ĻʵԴաòҲܲһ
١쿴͸ĸŮǣֲһʱ򣬺һ֡Ǻĸо
оһˡǿЦģǭZȼʵܡ
Ŭڻţǰʱйڸպͺ˵Ϣ
ȻĸĹϵǲϾϵĻ飬ǰǭZȼҲظ棬Ǹһ˿ϸ󣬲ǰʱǭZȼǵԼ֮ǰظš
ڣһǰ꣬ظѾˡ
˵աǰʱȫûмգֻ֪һĸֻ߲ʱԼһѧϰֵķϲȻҲȥղҳΪѡ
ǭZȼΨһܹ뵽ԭǡ
Ϊ
Ϊķչûаռȶ·ȥĳܻᱻı䣬ĳЩ鶼ı䡣
壬壬塣ǹ˾ߡ
ιǭZȼ绰
ܼ࣬³ϣȥ³칫һˡ
ãȥ
5Ӻ󣬶³칫ҡ
һڵԤѾҪʼˣĲԤԤ롣
š
Ҳ֪ڽҲζţŽɹ˾֯λҪʼˣȥʱ֯Ļ꣬Ҳɡ
õġ
ǡأ̸ˣ˽°ɡʾԼŮԷ㣬ǲǳˣ
ôôҲǳܺòãûа˭˵İ
û˭˵ֻǰְôöѡСƨҲˣѧ׻ˣǽǰһֱܺãͻȻô棬Ҳ˵ʲôսô
ûУֻҳ˰֪˵ʲôˡǭZȼ֪Լ˵Щʲôģһ㶼˵Է飬ԼûοԸĸѹִһ㣬״һЩ֪֮ôġˣϰ֡
߳³칫ŵһ̣ǭZȼߵ¥㣬Ŵӳŵ硣
ܺã㡣
㵽Щۡ
ǰ죬ü̫㣬㵽۵ĻҲû취ǰߵİɣ
ҪǣסԷ֣ҪԷһԶҪֿıģûб
ֻǣԸ⣬Էûں˭ʱ򣬾Ժһ
Ѿˡ
粻һˡ
һŮˡ
Է֪һ㣬ֻû
ΪÿΣÿΣÿΣԷȫȫעԼʱ¶飬ǭZȼãȻһĿڿԼ
͸ǡ
֮ĹУһֱһģ
ҪģԷ㣬ΪһŮѡ
лҪ˵
˼賿˵ġ
̫ˡ˯ˡ
Բ𰡣ڲ滻
һµģӦûһ㣬ΪҪȥ극
Ҳֵģ˳ĻҲ͸ˡ
ţ


71 
šһЩ, ҪӶ˰̵Ļ֪𡣡ڲİ, һ˾شŵ绰, ¶ϲõ, ˿͵Ĳ̫, УѾ, »ؼҾ͸, 𡣡
ʵƽûʲôرҵʲô, ˲Ƕмôɸ򵥵, ֻй, ҪʲôֻҲûʱȥμӣ˵, ŮһŮ, һҸˡ
Ҫѳ˹֮ʱ, ͥ, ӣ򵥶ƽԸܹĻѾúˡ
ô
˾ͲӦáһЩʲôġϣ, ˵йϡȥǩˣԡȥʲô뷨ĻǾǳ˰ɡ
ܶණͲ룬ͿԵĳɹġ
˵ǡȫƾԼȽϣû˿ţҲû˻㣬ҪκΣʲôÿԼ
һˣͻԼ
˼Ҳǡ
ͨͨһЩûоͷĶܹΪһһΣ¡ֻһεĽң񫣬ҡҲܽ
һǧҹ˼ϣĶԨ
ڰ׵Ԩ
´㿼һʱҲġŻعůůЦЦ
ԼŮ˽ģٰûֱһãʲôʱСˣСˣ߸ֽգߡΪŮ䣬ŮʱͻһԼŮϲҪģóݸԼŮ
Ͼ˭᲻ϲء
οԼŮܵЦݣվеʹ۶ʧˣ˳Ҳͷ
ʲô룬ֻרĵչŮרĵġΪֻĸŮļңŬܶ
ա˳ȥŷǭZȼѾˡ
ҪԹԵรáû˵䣬ձҵ绰ߡ
˼ѧ㣬Ұ̸ˣͷϻе㹤Բˡ
ûϵնòͰ֮󣬾ֱӰѵַǭZȼˣʱõǭZȼ˵õһĴ𰸣õȴ׼Ծûá
ҵˣ㿴ʲôټӰɡհѲ˵˹ȥ
ǭZȼͷ˵˵ڸ˭绰СһôˡǭZȼ̧ͷˣŸ˵ôôŮô죿
üİȥˡձԼпյĻһԼȥԼŮģֻҪпյʱ򣬱ǰ֪ͨһ¼Ị̇ǵȥӺӣԼûյĻȻҲˡ
ǭZȼò֮󣬱˷
дò֮󣬱뿪ˡ
ʱǭZȼϵĲ裬һڣǰľͿˣǸ˵סҹ
űڵ֮һ٣ȻٵĺȲ裬ġ
ǭZȼŸյӣ˵ǡװӣֱ˵⡭ǳ𣿡ȻյĵһӦǷϣô˵ȷȷ¿
š
չҲ̫˰ɣǭZȼԼϧʮԷӦԼһأȻһҲ֪һĸʲô
֮һ
ǡ
˿Ц
ʱҲûɴܲ˵ġ岻һ£Է֪֪ðһ˰ֻҪһ˾ͺð
ǡǲС
ΪĻǭZȼ͡ûа취Էһ
òΪ˺ԷһģǡΪ飬ΪԷϲ֮κԭ
ǭZȼáʼ޷԰Э
ԣǡǭZȼͻȻЦĺϲ£ˣ죬ЦǱ㷢ֵ
շҺȼ֮Ϊ˱˽ԷĻĵݿ϶˽ˣԲⶩİ䣬ЧܺãҲһЩ
Ȼڿ˷Ч
ΪЧ̫ãҲܰ԰ڣһֱصǭZȼģЦ
ĸͷƤ顣
һֵȥ
໡ǭZȼװһ˵ӣȻʵûԴһҲʹ
˺٣ûȥ
ҡ
ţŲͳű˽ĲˣʲôҪ԰ٽҡ
ãлл
ȵ뿪Ժ˱߳Աš
Ǵ֮ڼҲûôô
šæҲæ
ǵǡյͷ˵˾ÿ괺֯ΣҲ쿪ʼ˰ɡ
šˣ˰ɣҰֽһڸ¶أɡǹ˾ǮǭZȼ뵽ʲôึˣӦÿȥ˰ɣ˳㻹԰Сһϰ֮ǰһΣ㲻ûȥôǸʱ򻹲֪СһĴأƸΪһ裬ҲǹǺ̫Сɡ
ȥСһɻֻء
ţꡭӦûɣһѺҲϵġҲĹڼð̸Ͼڼ䣬˼ҶҪ꣬ڣ𣿡
ûأɣⲻһô˾β绹ûء
յͷǡأûд㡭ҲһȥǸûม
š˵еֻǭZȼÿһֱ׷üЩȷɣǿоϣ̫ɡ
ܾãйƵģûʲô񣿡ҲûټˣǭZȼͷӣƲƲ죬һ˵㣬Ҫ𡣡
ʲô
֮ĸ顣
ᡣġǭZȼͷᶨ¶֣Ų̧ͷŸգ۾ƺֳǡζܻ֮ĸġᡣһε˰
һˣѵ֪Ҫʲôôѵǰηηβ
򴽣۽ЩЦ⣬ǭZȼˣоͦĵӣ
񡭡ô˵еܿĵӣ
Ȼ
ΪõѼҵѧ㣬ҵеܿİɣǲǾѸеܽǭZȼЦ
šף㡣ЦϣЦݣҲġڷĵЦǭZȼҲܹоڷĵףԼ
ֻ
ܾá
ܾá
աڿԼֺڿԼоͨԼڿһ֡ϲõ飬ǭZȼҲ˵̫ס
ȻĹۡѣǡοĸоԼضزסϲãôأ
ԼĻ
ΪʲôǭZȼЦݣôš
ΪϲҲЦݡ
ջߣԼǰⱭȣΪڽĹϵԿȵıһССС
ܹģģġϲһˣһܲ׵鰡ϲϲ㣬ǡҲһˡôʱ˿̡Щѵ˵ţ˵촽Щٺܹģֻʣõδ˰ɡĽ֣󡭡˾ãҸɡ
աǭZȼôĿŸգЩ˵
ܣԡ϶Ժ󣬿϶ǻܶ谭ġߵ˵ĸķĲͬ΢΢üںŬҪ˵ЩʲôڻЩʲôƵġ
ǡûйϵǻϲţܲᡭֿģûʲôȱ˴˵˫ֶڶԷУ˵ˡ
㡭ҧ촽
ʱ̧ͷǭZȼ˵ˣԡһҪúõϧ
ΪమʱҲమȨ
С
ңС
ԣһǡ
лҪ˵
ҽһ¡
֮ǰǽˡҲǽķ
ԼġСֿͷһ仰Ҿ˵Ƿˡ
ԡܱ
ҵǸǸ
Բ𣬶Բ
Ϲ
ȻѾ滻ˣϾǳϦۡ
ԣףÿλȣϦ֡
Ȼ󣬼ʮˣףÿλ֣󼪡
ţû󼪣󼪣󼧡
ŮƱĺúùûŮƱȡҸŮƱúùȣ
ȿȣȻиӣȿǲǾͦõww˼ôɰǵأ˵ʲô
ȻҲµġ
ҲףֵӴ
еȫĶĵİСһһĸл
ȲҪ⡣
쿪ʼҾҪְˣ졭
ҲᾡµģΪ࣬Ϳϻ֡
Ϊһ¶һ㡣
ǸһµĻһǣ
ǸµĻÿ¾ǣǣ
Դҷġ
һóȥǸ滻ġ
ึˣ֮ǰΪûǴĻӦǡhappyһλ
Ҹ˵Ļ벻Ҫҡ
֮ǰ˵֪ѧĹȥ⼸Ӧû͸¶һЩܶ࡭ա
ôôôôôҪ˯
֮ǰ¿еİ۶賿ü㣬ãá
˯


72 
˵Լ˵Լ, ˵ǭZȼ΢΢Щ, ոո̫ͶһЩ, ĳ, úǿơ
ȴֻЦЦ˵Щʲô, ϣҲϡ
Щ顭
ô˵ء
ǡû취İɡ
ʹ, ôء
ЩοĻ, Ϊνġο, ǡһ顣
ο鱾ܹﵽʲôЧ, ѡˡ, ǲʶˣ˭ο˵Ļ, ֻģ, ͸ͬ, ȫһġ
Ըмǵġο, ˵Ҳֻܹмǵġο
Ϊظܵʹʱûܹοģܹο͡ʹĻ, ǾͲʹࡣ
Щ·ֻܹԼߣЩ飬ֻܹԼеһ
ʹ࡭ûа취ó˵ġ
ǭZȼοҲû취ǭZȼİο
˵ֻܹôҶ˵Ļֺα˵ء
һֱԹԵĺŲ裬ǭZȼܵĸŰɣ˫űڣͷЩӡ
ﲻ˵Ҿ˵˵
ܹһĻôΡֿѵӦô
ÿѡ񶼲һֻЦЦЦЩΡ
ѡĻô˭ѡõģҸһǡÿ鶼ѡ
ûУûС
ǿ
Ҳǣǿġ
԰ûѡաûѡõĽˣиõѡˡ
Ǹʱ򡭡ûѡ
Ӧġ
˶Ӧúúõʹûб˴˵顣
ҧҧŴȥЩӦ飬ֻǿǭZȼ˵㲻ҵ𣿡
šʣڡҲ֪ӦòӦˣ˵һвѵĿԡ
½⿪˵˰̣Ǹ˿Ѿԭ˵Ļܻˣǡ˰֮¡ȻǴѪġ
ǭZȼֻ֪ΪԼѧ㣬ѣ۵ĸգһЩѣһҲҪΪԼġ֪˺ա
ʰɣ㲻һֱ֪ġЩ顭һ֪ġо˶˰ɡ
ΪЩȥʱ䣬ãʧȴû뵽ЩȥЩоĻ䣬Ȼûиı
ļǵãȥһС
ȻҲ֮е顣
ûһˡ
ģģģеģ
˵ҪΪ˺ǸһĻôȫ綼ԣҲν
ˣѣۡ
ֻҪܹһĻǾûϵ
еⶼ⣬еӶǶࡣ
·ֻҪǱ˴మܹԴ˶ԿУȫ綼ûа취
԰
ʱ򣬾Ϊ첻µز¡
ǺõĵĻ
ء
֡Ļôء
ô
˭
Թô
Թ˭
ͷŷ֣޲˭Թ˭Լ
˸л˴మ
ֻøû뵽ǡַ˱仯Ȼɣܶܣ磭пǹˣԲ޷ܡ
ǣֽǰסġ
һ죬֪ˣܻ֪
ŤŤɲԸ񰡣֮ǰ㲻ǻôպһڿȣ˳˵ʱ򻹿һԼѾа˵˰
ô֪ǭZȼˣȥŵģٲȥʸհ֪ĲֵǶ鵽ˣ֪Ĳ֣ȴһֶû鵽
ϴΣļҸõ㲻ǵˣüŰǭZȼѼԭһ£鲻æôҪ㣬һȥġСġͿˣдҵ֣Լйص顣

Բۣ¸ˣȻ˸ˡ
ǭZȼڷǡǸ˵ѧ㰡ҾǡҪĹ㰡ûʲôı˼ûСĽͣȻ֪ղŲš
ûϵܻ֪ģֻʱѡԣӱĻԼԸ㣬ȽϷ㣬ʡʱ䡣յĽһȽϿ죬˷ʱ飬
硣
̸
šҲ˵̸˷ʱɣֻǡԴӺԺѾûȥϲˡ
ԣӲ˷ʱĳԣΪԶ׼ġ
ǭZȼ룬ǾͲ˷ʱ䣬ֱӿżɽ£ͺ磬ţ㶮ġ
һѪֻǸһʱҲ̫ˣ֪Ӻ˵
ǲǸһˡǭZȼʵ˵ǲǡǸ
Ͼȥռס˺üˣ
ûС
ϲɡ϶䣬ûͣ١
ôôʡšôô
֮ǰʱҲʹҺ͡ҵģϲ仰ʱ˵İɡǭZȼЦЦ˵飬۾֪˰
ǰ˵ûд۾֪ˡ
ԣһϲ硣
գһϲ硣
ǭZȼմӲ飬һ˵Ļȷ൱䵭Ǳͣǿ佱Ϊհѽ޷ֵĺԲ׽˾ʲô˼߸飬࿴һ۶ᡣ
Ӳ¡
ȻǶԳ֮
ǣڵĻͲһ
Ȼкܶ飬װںӣƺûڿƵġ
ǭZȼ֪ÿֵʱ򣬸յߣʹû뿪һֱעź磬ĹкͰ⣬Ͳضزס
ңնԺܲһ
һǵˣȴٺǰ÷ǳǣ֮ǰĶ¼
ر𡣡ǭZȼ۾ĿŸգԼӦҲвŶ԰ô
ġô԰
Ϊεĺܺء
šͶƵĵͷǭZȼ˵ĺܶԡ
ôûвء
Ϊָоһֱʧ
ǭZȼŸգʵ֡û˱Լ֡αװĲںĸоˡ
ǰʱ򡭡Ҳ
ҪװںԷ㡣
˶ڵµĻǭZȼֻмװȥֻںʲô£˵ʲôں˭˵̲ס⣬ǣװûʵȴںĲˣһֱע
Ҳǡ
ǭZȼܹ
ǰ
Һ
һɡ
˫ۣŲϵİײʧûҲûȥ飬ΪеĹһֱӡԺ֮С
ûǣһֱǵá
మ


73 
һ, һʱ
Уһ, һμ硣
, գ, 磲ꡣ
Ǹ꼶ѧ, ҲǸ˵һɫ
ΪУ죬ͳﱸ˺ܾ, Ժʢ, Ϊ˽һЩ, ѧУҵҵгɡѧ֮һ
ȻֻǸѧ, ôҲϹξðͷ, ߵòŮ·ߣҲиͷܹǺõ, ҲܹУѧһЩ;ʲôġ
ձŲŵˣȥУſڽӺ硣
ΪʱЩ, Լ˶ߵúܿ, ϾΪ˸ʱҲû취
һˡײ, һΣ˲ʱоͷۻģеƮƮġ
Բ𡣡
˼
ߴһ˵Ǹ
ŶͷҪε״̧̬۱, ˡʶְס˵۾
۾úÿ
ڶһ
ոоԼҪȥһ
Ѫ𣿡͸¶Щģʱֹͣһ˵˫ֲûдӸյÿҲ֪ǲԼûв顣
Ҳ֪ǻعˣڷЩʲôʶһҲ˳һ֪ܲΪӵӵ
ɫЩҰףͷðมʱǲŲһ룬ҲЩ˼֪Լոôͱ˼ңֻǿŸոջԼЩ̫ģ
ѧѧá
Ҳɣʱ˿̵ˣǺ硣
ֻǶԸ˵òӦͷЦЦ˵ǺáȻħһҲ֪ͳһɿյְ֣̯ɿģġ
ΪĶԻӦýģ΢΢һЦЩԿƵģյգΪԼЩš
ššΪǰСѧãͦɰİɡ
١Լһ̣峺۾ԼʵԼ
¾۽ϣãաǺܺÿһˣһ˲䣬þޡָо˰ɡ
ҵİɡҽûʲô飬ıȽ硣Խһ£ϾҲǴѧУҵģЩѧĹҲҲȽ˽⣬ԼȥġҪǡѧУʦ˵ѧġû뵽ѧˡ
ѧáָֻɫɶ񰡰ͬŵĸǰѾҵ˵ѧǰ
áͷҲ˵Цݰɣֻǵɫ·ղŵһУûзûᣬֻ˵߰ɡ
õģѧ㡣롣
ӰɣֱӴźȥѧУĵĺ̨Ϊһ͵̨ˣԸողôż
˶Щ˸֮˶ȥæˣ񻨺룬ߵǰ˵ѧ㣬Ѿҵ˵ѧĻڣŻ˾ֵˣֵ֮ǰףһ˵꣬ѧͿ׼̨ˡ
һ˵һ߰񻨡
õġӦллҡ
վһСʸգȥæҡĹģҪʲô
ûϵģѧ㡣᳤Ըҵְѧ㡣˵㲻˵ʲô
翴˸ۣϾ곤һЩԱȸոһЩŸյĲȻҲʲôû˵صȴš
ֱ̨̨󣬸ջվһߣڵӡ
٣ѧ㣡
̧ۣ˳ſȥСþòˡ
кܾðѧҵ֮ǲż
᳤Ҳ˸к
ѧ᳤
պáҲЦŴкȻԺ˵ôѧ㣬ҶðɣҿǶ˽ȨǻСŮ㰡ȤĿССЦ
Ҳ˳Ʋͷһ۸գû뵽ɸҲڣյĿץ˸ţһ㶣ȻЦЦ˵ţȷɰġ
һЦ
᳤ȥæˡʱķҲû
ȥɡ
뿪Ժ󣬺˵ôпչڲӦڽűĽ׶ô
Уܵó¶氡ȻԲ᳤ݣҲԲѧ㵱ңƼҵ᳤һЦ˵ҡ־ԸҲѾˡġ
Ѿ˰ǡһҪมɱ𹼸Ҷ㡮ЦϾԼõѧãκѣɱԼ̫ѹ˳ȻͺˡȻ֪ȫԹģǲϣ̫ѹ
֪ˡʾлѧ㣬һпôҪҪһԸʲôġ
ðҲеûţûͷĴԼȥѰǸӵټôﻹûæɡ
ûģ󱲶һЩรԺҵˣѧύǣҲܷġһۺֻ˵Ҳܲһ꼶ͺеˡ
߰ɡ
ȥǽ䡣˵ţȥҺ̨ĸȥˣ᳤ֻøǼ䡣
áĴ
иӦƵģͷöϸյ۾
տźߣû뵽ͻȻ̽ץţֻܿҪΡ
絹û⣬ʱ߹˵ˣǱһУţ˸طԷ
Ͼܾûˣǰ嵽ÿ춼ʲôҲζ
ʱһҲмꡣ
ǸӣǽСհɡ
԰һ̧ͷôˣѧЩô
รûУʣ밡úܺÿѧУЦӦû˰ɡ
ţԡ
ɼأ
ȫ
Ʒѧš
˵ĸĸʦҲ˳Żش𣬡ơҪȽϸߣЩϸɡѧĹҲûм¹ÿҲɵĺܺãºţѧ磬һް
е㾪ȣڿ佱ҵ˼
Ȼʾ϶
˵ҵĵʦΣһֱû
รνæİҽȥУʱ˵Ҳʦæĸûңֻ˵пգ
찡룬Ҳԣ첻ǺæֱӹˡôпһԸɣһҡ
аҵ绰
ڻĺ̨һֱæУӶӶĶ죬֪æ꣬Ѿȫо
ܾãۡ
ϵۣϣᷳЩֻǡ֪Щ壬
Ϊ鲻ͬ飬вͬľԲżѧģֻҪʲôһʼ²Ĺ˾ƣ
ԭΪԼǸȶȵˣϸ˵Ļֺ񲢲ôС
УѧϰѧĹһֱȥ䷳ЩЩ飬û񡢲ϲȵ
ǰЩ񡱣Ҳ֣֪ܵҲ֪ԼЩʲô飬һЩʲôˣȻʲô顣
Щã
˵󡭡ã
졭λѧ㡱顭棬Ȼģġеƽ
ңġ
ѧ㡱ϣ㡣
УһǷżٵģԣβæԺ󣬱ʰöؼˡ
һ·ϣ첻Сĵ绳飬һɿԭⲻıԼ
Уſڣؼҵķߣģ·һҵʱ֮ȥһԷ
ǱŸģûвֻһʱ֮䣬ЩźڸʱЦӣ㵸ڱȻţҲ֪˵Щʲô
ôᣬô֡
տź磬ſžͷ
ǸоһͶȥ߰ɣ۾ͻȻſڵķ򿴹ȥ㿴ڴţԼĸգһЦݣ̧֣Ÿհ˰ڣǴк
տˣСʮ֡εģźЦЦȻһܵˡ
ʱ򣬻ͷһѾûӰˡ
ôˣô
ҲشֻЦŸ̾ѽС˵ôôɰȻ˶ô
һ±ơ
รร˵ա͵ոգˡſھ
รԭ
ѧ㣬ֻչ
С˵㣬Ҫõ۹⣬ȥ̽Ѱõա˵˵žЦˣ͡˵ȥˣЦ
һܵĸգʱ˿̣ζӳ£Ϊϵĺξþû֮ȥ
лҪ˵

ĸ·
װİǣ
봸ҵСؿѹ𣬴󴸣С
ЦˣҶԲǡ
ɲˣһֱȥҽԺڿѪȻҩ
һʼҵƵһҽ˵ΪҪǶʱ鲻̫á
ңһҲܿʵ벻ôдֲдŰ
ڿƣֻصǰҩѪ飬ܶʼ
ȻҲһֱڳ飬ãѾ±ʣˡ
Խ͸ˡ
˼ϸôãҶ˼˵˼ˡ
»Ļָġ
ûµӣҲĵ顣
ȦһƪİѾųˣʵ˵ǸȡİϣҼ¡
Ȧһƪİ֮ӦûһĶġ
ҼҶ֧һƪŮѣȦݡ
һƪҲͷˣֻҪĥİˣһƪңСม
˳͸ڸµһƪģȦԼûųңСƪģϵม
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ʾһ¸һƪม
󣬾СϢ˵ѧ͸յĻƪȥ֮󣬹ɣҪССZĴϷӴҪ
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ʦĸ, 㲻ɡĵ۾ЩƮʲô, ʲô㲻, ʵҲǡ˵顣
е, Ҫ̫ࡣ
Ȼܹչֵ, Ҳв, ǡЩ顭ڸеʱæʲôͬأһεصްˡ
еʱ, ְֻ˵ΪŮ, н˴ѧ, ˼ҲҪҵ, ͸ýܼĹ˰ɣ
ţǵġ
Ȼء
˼ĹȻأ
˸꣬飬
ЦȤ
ġ֪ΪζŬ
뵽Щ, ֻãձ
Щ⣬ҲЩˣе񣬲˭ΪЩ˭ֻǡģĻ⣬ѡ
ʦʱҲˡرװģĿһ۱ϵʱ䣬Ͳˡ
áһ£ҲӦϾУŸսһѺûдȷҲͦæġ
뿪ʱ򣬾
ʦãˣǸһ5ĴƷձһ߸ߵҵ˽û뵽ҲҲһ£Ȼһкѧá
翴Ÿգ۽Цݣ֪ΪΣͻȻñȸղЦ˵ѧúá
ԱߵϾͿˡָŸյ˵ָ˵ʶϾ˿ǲ죬ҵʱ򣬸ղŸոѧ˵ǲ̫ܻʶԷŶԡ
УʱλСѧǸӴҵġָָգλ˵˼Ժֲһ䣬Сġ
СǺӰεͷҲ֣ѧỻʱǺӾǺƼģǸʱԼǺЩףϾǺӳ硢һģܾĺӻܵ˵۸
ֻû뵽ǣĳԸǡɽȻ෴һ¹ĵˣ´Ӳˮһܹٸӵ˼ʽУ࣬ȫʦ֮С
룬ľˡ
ôʱǺĶʮֵĳɫҲ֤Ǻӵȷʵ
ʦҲˣѧỹеҪ뿪
á
ʦҲˡæɡҲ˳뿪
ʵûԼʲôһ߳˰칫ҵţҲʲôû˵ֻȴĬĲС
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ֻ࣬Щƣˡ
ۡ
ء۲ۡҲţֻǾã㿴ƣӡ
ֻû뵽͸¶һ˿ʣһ˿϶ʱ򣬸ղͣ˽ŲĿߵĺ硣
ĽŲҲͣ
֮䣬ԸһЩ롣
üе㲻ҲؿŸա
ӦҲ֪˵ĶԻǲԣ
ӡӦǰߵĿɣܣ磭ɡ
ƣôظһʣҲͦס룬˵Щʲô١شʲôȽϺðɡ
ԣʶģҪ񶨣˵ϡ۲ۡʲôİɡ
ţᡭ뵽Լ˻е¡
ղº磬ֻǡҪñ˿̽ġ
ƫƫһеġ
ͺ񡭡һ۾ܹĵƣһ
ղǺϲָо
ͷûںյشҲûжԸյⷬش˵ЩʲôҲټȥģǡܾãպѹӣһʱ˵˼䣬ĻǿҵģôҲһЩѧ㣬ֲĵطԸ˵
ͣü
һ䣬˵ԺķյĻѧҵϡ߱ʲôġѧ԰ôһ㣬Ҳ
룬һչɣɫ޷԰Ρ
ǣǲǺûټź磬仰Ժ󣬱ŤͷԹԵǰš
ͣգգ۾仰Ūˣʱܣǰ˵ҲӦ˵һ䡰ллȻ𣿣
ôͻȻð仰˼Ǿܾ
û˵ֲĵĸȥСѧöô
˺һζ·֪˲ٳ
յͷԼ·ĲԼٳϺɫܽܵӵСʯӣоߣԿȥȻͷ̧ۿź硣
ǲˣ½ͶĿ⣬Ҳ׷ȥһЦݡ
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ߴˡաա
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׹ѿζĻȥ˼壬ûȥٳ˵ͼҪ뵽ǣû˵ڣ˫ץסǰˣ൱ԵģǵĿǣô˰
ûȻشյĻΪΧԽԽΧ˹ֵ̫̫󣬾ѧУʦ¾ŵΣᱻ֪ǿɾ鷳ˡ
ûµģС飬Ժעһ㣬ʱҪҵ˾ͺˡ
ԲԲ𣬶Բ𰡣Ĳ˼һֱڲϵǸǸкӣžʧְƫҵ˰ɡ
ιʲôΪһԲͿ𡣡ü൱ĲͷӱȻһ۾Ϳ׾ǰһֱڵǸкӡ
Ĳ˼кӱ˵ЩΪ飬Ҳֲסˣǵȷдȣֲ˵ʲô
е뷢ˣ;һŭ䡱ľϿʼð죬ͱ˺ˣûûˣɢ˰ɢ˰ɡ
ֶǸʧִƫк˵´СĵͺˡԺע㣬ҵˡǰѧ᳤Ȼз緶ô˵
һ⻰üͷĸˣһڣ˵´Σ
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˶߹ˣһܲˬӡ
߰ɣϿˣûȥϿˡؾᣬܾøոյĸձըҩһһš
ȥˡȥѧ÷ǳͷģ׼ȷ˵ӦǺô˵˵֡ڵţӴιѽǼֱֵܹȥˣѪ˶ȥҽԺ
һ˵ע⵽ղŻֻһƤģھѾѪˡ
ȥϿΰɣȥѧУҽҴһ¾ͺˡһС˿ڶѣֲʲô⣬ȥҽԺδҲ˵̫һЩɡ
ҲҪôܾ
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һ㶣ȻӦޡá
ҵ绰Ժ󣬵ҲǺܵӣֻڸǰ˻ΣǸüˡ
ҽҰԺ󣬺翴Ų˱֣һָоãҩ֮󣬾ͲǺˡ
ˣˣûؽҺúѧϰˡӻ֣һԹԵľߵˡ
߳ѧУûãʹһģعͷһۣջأպܻǵѵУҲǣУУš
ͣһһߵߣĬһ仰˵
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šֻе㵣ġûп۾űĵطǶȴרעģҪѴ˿̺һ
Ȼ󣬺ܰ˵ϾΪҲšţлл̫ϰ߱леϰߵǣܱ˵ĺ⡣
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лл㡣һΣԵصл
š˵
ֻڣҪؼˡ˵ԺֿһСһ˵ҪһôҲûȥֲǸܡ
ܾԲĴˣǡһܾĵڶû˵ڣֻԼ˵ǣð
һ֡ĪĴܸУܲġ
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á
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ˡ
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ܸﰡ·һֻûвűַסŰѣʣµֻסԱߵǽڣЦĸϵζĽ˵ôѵҪ𡣡

һ̣ˡ
ܾá仰ôô壭ء
˳ʯ״̬ס
翴ĸգʵûסЦ⣬յС˵̫СȻˣЩȷ˵ǲǣɰ
Ȼ󣬺͸¶һϢе⣬ȥԣɲҪû͵มû˸գ˵ԤиյķӦЦŹš
˵ŲῴأеҲУʲôÿģ
һˣĬĬڿ˺óóʱ䡣
䣬ܺߵģָոձĳĵط
ŵ˶һСʱˣѺҿ˸ˣ˿ϵʱ䣬üӲͷƤȥķţǸšͻȻ֮·ɥʧƵģǵԼӦ˵ЩʲôҲ֪γƺ
ѧ㣿ѧ㣿㻹𣿡˵֡ˡ˼ţȴȻûܵõԤеĻӦ
ֻ˵ѧ㣿ٲشҾҪƿŽˣһʹĿˡ
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ڴѱӸǺãڱ֣֮սסűֻ֡
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Ϊʲôء
ΪʲôǸһܹ֡һ۾Ϳµĸо
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ΪֹѣҲӵ㣬ѣ˽ҵˣڽһѧ㡣
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ʹҸ֪֪ǴӺζ
ÿʱʵٿ㣬졭ʦİ칫濴㣬ʵ˵ĺ⡣
ұΪǰҺһμ棬ҲһǡһΡ
˵ʲô£Ը㡣
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ңãҺ֡
Ҫ㣬һײĻʱ򣬾Īͷ
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ΪʵϣҲһ˽ˡ
Ը˵һףڡ㡱ϣȫʧȥá
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ˣԲ
ᡣ
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ʵҾ룬صذطøջȥʱҲ˳顣
졭ҡӦǻġ
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߱ллҺ찮ӴģɣҼǵáллģôôôôô
dreamcatcherллӭп΢ϿˣpandaƵȻ˰~
shadow֪ΪҺãңллӴûϵգһǻµģԼҰϲҡôôôô
ࡿԺһǻգö࿪ģܣޣޣûµ
˪ҡҷλ˵ģòơǵһοɣԺģллģһúչԼġ?
СС֪һչ˺ģҲҪչ˺Լ˯Ӵ㡣
󲻿׽⡭һ׽ģ߳Ҳ׽ôôգ
citrusҲ̱úͰ㣿ѿºӹͬ~
ȮҲҸҲѣԭ£
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󣬸л߱ССĵףôôա󲻿Ļ
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ġȦŮѡղղղء


75 
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۾, پ档
Ȼ˯һоǲһ
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, ѧ㣬˰, ðɣڿŵӵ, 
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ôҲ˵
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𣿡
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
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𣿡֣ϲƵıʵǾЩ̫ˣȻʱ˿ڵȷʹǾáôСʹˡ
յͷ˵Щʲôרעͷϵ顣
ǺվԱ߿˺һֿ˵
Ϊʲô᣿ûתͷȥ磬ֻôشţҿֲô
ûСҾһʣΪ㻹С
ϵĶһ㶣ŻشҲһѵ鰡Լһڼҵʱ򣬴ԼԵġһʼҲǽԼȥԵģĸڼҵĴˣĶҲˣֻԼ³ˡ
ö֮ϰԺʵҲã飬Ҳ˾ͺˣҲûôѳԡ
㾭һڼôһܻץص㡣
šûнͣҲûж˵ֻôˣȻ˵ˣһͺˡ
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ҲشգֻǴźĹҹһȻߵǰ
ΪĿʶһС翿˵Ҫ
Ķǰչ֪Χȹѡ
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ĳ
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Ҳ֪˭˭Ļ룬һֻ̡ãȺĸоһӱɢûĸоøܡ
˵Ҽҵı桭ûôˡУƽҲôһס˷ҲǸԼһ˳Եģ˷Լϴ룬鷳οԼҲǺܺóԡ
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û˵˵˵˾ǽĻϸҪԼ˽𡱣ҡҲȷǲ˼ôܿڡ
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仰˵꣬ѾĿӿڴˡ

վͿֻͿʼֻϵ㣬ŪԺ󣬻ԼһۣҲԼ͸ظһ飬ѧ㡭עֵĺ棬һŰġ
ţˣԡûͣϾֶֻæʳָĴ˴յա
ʱ򣬸ͻȻתͷҪװҪҧӣ뵽ܲ
һڣҧסˣġָ
˻
ʹԲ𣡡һʱʹźúáҧ˲ԼǸա
㡰͡һЦ˳ɵû°СЦѡ
ǸʱĺЦӣտ˺ܾãЦӣȻڸյԺơ
󣬾кóһʱ䣬ûٸ棬û˵Щʲôɣǵĺġơ֮ģûи緢
ΪҪÿĵɡ
£֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ͳټ
ĵǣÿ춼ظݡ
ֻøۡ
ۡ
ãһ㣬һ飬һֱھľĸҲǷɢһעɡ
𩡣
Щӣû˵Ĳ硣
ÿҲ硱飬Ҳڲظ
ʵҲ֪ԼǳʲôкܶԭҪȥԭ򣬷Ϊһɾˡ
һ㣬൱ס
Ϊ˺硣
ܣҲΪԼɡ
ϾǰǰҲãԼҲգ֮֡Ҳ硱ûһͣЪ
ڣ߶ࣩˣûһ֪˭
ʦֻ֪κΣ̫նûָҲȷԭġʦûȥ̸ֻһֻ۱һֻۡ
ҲǣաҲ硱ľ֪֮ʿɶֹ
ιһкܽһĽңߵǰϧǣ֣ͷû̧һ¡
㲻Ҫ̫ˣҪΪһ꼶ܹȵͷڣһҲû˲֪˭
˶Ÿպͺ𩣬ϧǣͷ̧һ𣬷·ֻп
Դ˾͸Ƿŭûи˰ÿԼĲ磬겻ģֱ˺
û˽̹㣬˵ʱҪŶԷôûнҲҪи޶ȡ
ʲô̧ͷ˵ʲô˼ѧ㳤̫ˣ˵ʲôûء
㡭
鷳㣬ͷһ˫ء
Ҹ˵ҡսһЩϾΧˣ̫÷֪㶮ǳֶΡӲҪҵĻɱѧˣҿɲΪǸŮӾͷŹ㡣
ֻǣȴЦԭѧ뿪λվҲսһЩѹ˰

˰
һʱŭͷڸϾһ¡󡱡
㣡ֱǲ·ưմûһˣʱúöģֱŻ
޳һЦ˵Ļ޳ܣšѹ־糯أȻ
žһƴ˺ϣ껹Ǻһƣģ޳ܣ
˵ձܳ˽ңȥϴ
ĺöİ
ڲԶĵطͺ磬ڡ
뿪һ¡ı鵹ǵģоëëģֺŭ
壬塱ʱϿˣӸһ5ֱ߳Լһණţ
ˤˡ
ˤһӡ
ſڵϣֻЦģһŮģǸ˼
ȫУû˲֪ѧ᳤
ȥϴּԺŰһĳֱֽҪϵһƤ˺һ൱³ĵطһ鶼Ƥˡ
ֻһ£͵ˣ߽ϴּı龰̲סü
ǰסյ֣˵ˡȻһֽزһƤĵطʹʹ
ûлشֻüŭ
֣ƽü塣
ŸգմʱҲ΢΢̧ͷ˾ôš
ƿߣŸոոŰʱɵ˿ڣܺ죬Ѫ
ȥ
յɴ۾

ѪɫʱѾȾ
𾪣Ҳڸܡ
粻ֹǼ򵥵ǣΪо֡䡭ʪʪĵĸоഫ
ֱġ
ʱ䲻ǺܳһֹͣǣȻڸԼ𾪵֮£˵ţˡԺҵĶԡ㲻˺Լˡ
֮Ҳȸջش㱧ס
ܽ
лҪ˵
໡
ȣԼ
ĶľУ
ǲرڿ죿
󱧱ٸ߸߻ôôգţ
Уղأӣ
ղأѣ
һǲǺ𣬰ͣҶѧˡ
е죬Ϊǻ䣬ϸдôమĻƪͻܳˡ
Ǵ㣬ֻдؼ֣ѽһɻƪ
ľУͣҲҪţŨq?
գɸ£Ҿ˯

лһ£߱ллߵĵףôôҽǲǺܹԡ
С󲻿ллĻڣ?ڼ͸Ӵ
Ҷ˯Ҫҹ
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76 
ʲôվУſ, Ÿշѧĸ, Ц˵
֪
Ź, һǳ, ųʲôͶԸ˵, вͣ, , , С, С
뵽ˡ
, ʲô
ȥҡĪðһ˸ӴŵĻֲһ䣬ǡԼ, òá
ðͷʾġ
, ɴ۾, üͷ, һľᡣ
ܾáеֵֹġÿԼѧ֮⡭ÿһԷ
Ȼν
ֻǡ
տź·ģоԼȫûвʲô⡭
ȥʲôģҼǱߵĳУǱʲôطϳԺ󣬺һ䡣
ȥƲŽָǸڳУòã
ðָ˾˵˵ַ, ı䷽
ĿĵԺ˹ﳵͿʼĴ䣬Ϊܴ󣬺粻֪ʲôԾ͸ڸյԱߡ
Ҫʲô
㣬ԡ
ɾѰ˰㡭šü˵Ҿ
ð
ų߲ʼ߲ˣ֮󣬻عͷͿĴš
ܾá
ĳò̫ʵ
ʲôʱʼ֮䡭ôˣ
˵ֱһЩȥң죬ɶù
ҲӦտʼֻȥ棬ʱһͱֱҸٺڣʱʱľͻ˵ҪȥңĻʼĲ˼ڱϰΪ
ϸĻǴʲôʱʼء
ǲʶ˲죬ڣȻҲдʱ䣬һֱڳϦദ
ˡ
ǡǸʱɡ
˵ˡʱ
ǸʱҲʶһʱѣ׹һ̣ϵĴУֱգ
ЩĴ꣬ϣһ˲䣬ͿĴȻ󴽰Ӵĵطʼıȡ
ȵʶʱĴѾ뿪ˣȡֱ֮˻档
˲ͬǣһǺֱġ
ҡȣıס޷޷˼̰ӵһˮˣץסľһ㣬ԸſԸ֡
ȻȥϿˡ
յʱ˶ը𡭡걧֮󣬾ȥϿˣ
⡭ⲻ߼
ҲǸ⣬ȻӦˣԹԹؽϿΣ뻹
磬Уſڣ˵
Ȼ󡭡Ȼ֪ͱӣһ֡޷֮䣬ʲôֵʲôĹϵ
֪ûиһĿܡ
ʵ˵ûЩ
˵һһһʲôû
ܺá
šŰɡ
ʲô֪ʲôʱ򣬺翴ڷŴ˹һȥЦ
ûԤ׵ģջع˺һ˫̽˫ۣЩҵĻش˵ûûʲô
߰ɣͻȻ뵽һЩĶ˳Ÿյ֣һֱֻŹﳵ
տź磬˺ܶµƷ磺˱ëˢӡ¼ܡӡȵȡ
Щﰡ
á˵رأ룬϶˭ҪסˣȻĻЩʲôϴκһںҵʱ򣬾˵ˣԼҲ֤ʵ飬һסġ
ˣ˵˯ҲһˡŸȥȻʸ˵һ׺ÿ
ǸɡָָһСģ˯¡
ͣȻ˵յ಻Ǻܴ󣬲ȻǻЩİɣûЩ˵ѡһףҲ˵һܿɰ˰ɣ뵽ɵЦЦ
ޡۻԱһףӹԺ󣬵ݸ˵һæһ°ɡ
üͷӹˣܲԸĽ˸ҡ
Ӹ߳ԺͷЩңãľӣŰ˯ºŵñӣҲմϣԣžĸգЦ˵ţܿɰء
ʲô
Ǿˡ

ȥɡ
ม
ȵջ˯³ʱ򣬺ѾǮˣ˵ʲô𡣡
ааæ˵С
Ȼȥʳ䶳һЩȽϷʳȥ̨һ㡣
ǮأһǱȽϴ󷽵ģǺܽ棬ÿں縶֮һҲҪԼһݸ磬Ż⣬տʼκƾˣϾջѧϧֲգÿζܡ
Ҳֻѡܡ
ŷ֣ԭⷽ൱ĹִأִҲɰı֡
룬ҪЩǮ͵͵İմҲȱǮġ
ؼԺ󣬸հе䶳ʳƷ̷ŵ䶳ңʳˮʲôȫң߷Ż߸˵Ժһ˶Ӷ˵ĻԼЩ˵İӰӰʲôģڹһһͺˣúܶʱܿģȻʳĶҪٳԣ֮ǰЩҶӵˣеѾˣô֪Ȼǡ
տڳűߣŰڱʳĸգһֱΪǸһȽϼĬˣû뵽ԭҲ߶һ档
ǻΪһ棬ϲ
٣ϲĸյġ
ϲš
ĸա
ա
ϲ
ǡ
ô˰ʲô
ţЦЦûлش
ŸעԼģȴ˫֣ס
ϲ
ָо
죬˸ա
ʶĻʶģ顭޷ش
ֻǣһֱǵãǸӵ
һֱǵãʱģ
һֱǵãʱԼ
ҲһֱǵãʱձڻԼȻһ̣õƽ
Ķ
룬Ǿ䡰ˡԺҵĶȨ˼
ռ
ʵ˵ûϸ롣
ֻǡ͡鲻Խȥ
һֿ̣˵Ǹӵܵˣķ·ȱһ飬ĬģûнͣøջؽȥϿΡ
侲ĳ档
ڵһ̵Լۡ
ջص˽ңĵһӦȻǻǸóʱûȥļңǸ˵ԼŮĸס
ʵ˵Ϊʲôɡ
ǣģǸʱġձǸк׵Ļ棬һֱǰȥӵģ÷ŭ
Ϊձֳˣ൱Ĳϲ
ҲԼ
ԼĸʲôҪǴΣһΡ
Ǹ֣ǵãΪ˵У𩡣
Ȼ󣬰иȥǸ˵ļͥԼһϵǼŹˡ
ҵˡ
Ǽҵܡ
˵ܡ
û뵽ȴǡͬ
ҲҪˣҪǣԸյҲŻ
粻Լʲô
ǣǼҼ˵ġܡǼ˵ǰѡ
ʼջصģûóǼκ֪ԼѾʴˡ
ûˣա
ôͿô
磬Ϳԡô
һ淴Լ
ǣûд𰸣û˭ܹش⡣
ΪԼûд𰸡
סĸգֻرΪı飬Щȷǲǽʲô˵ˣǱʲô
ôˡ
ֻڸյĲҡҡͷʲô˵
ոӵǣ룬ܡʳȽϺðɡ
һֱ
ңҲҪ֪𰸡
ҪĴ𰸡
ۡǲҪǸ
ն֪
磬ôġԣԼʲôĴء
̫ġᣬȥˣǡֲҿ϶
飬֪Ҳ֪ʵǺģҰ˵
ټЩ
ǡʱǡ
ӵͻأȴˣƺÿ춼еġ
ٻ˵һЩζĻʱ򡭡ĬľͱˣȻһֱš
Ҳ˵׼˼
ǡһһֱ鲻˵ˡ
Ȼˡ
ô
ǲϲң
лҪ˵
µĺ໡
ҸоΪ֮ǰϸ̫áеİҶȥˡǱˮɡۺ١Ҳɶˡ
ǶԲҡ
˵һ⡭ддš
뿪զ졭Ͼҵ˵ѧ͸һôãһζûžžž˵ǰɡֶ

ҵڻûȥԷ
ղղղذӤ
Ҫ˯


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һֱ, Ҫȥӱ, ֻΪ, ûӦ׼ɣһֱû, Ҫȥӡϲ㡱顣
û뵽ǣջԼ׿ʳ
Ȼ, ޿ɷϵ, ܡҲֵġ̫˰ɡ
ûɿӵ, ǲһЩսյĶ˵, ˵ǵĻ
ֻ, УʪӶߴһɵӶ䴩, ȥ
롭ҪԶһӵΪոպ˵ʱ, 籡һ, ˿ֻȫ, ޷˼ôء
롭ƺǲ˸յͼסյһ˫֣ʹһЩѸձĽЩ, Ȼ󲦿նĳʹĶߣأ飭һ
û뵽ǣյĶһʵǡеĿ£飭һܹԵĸоԼĻУ̱
ˣջ˲ͣšһĶȻԼҲˣ˲ͨ죬ҸԼ
˫סԼ죬ֻ᲻֪ĳʲôֱˡ
šءЦյĶӾΪʲôǵģ
һʱŭһƿ˺硣
һʱ㵣û뵽ջͻȻƿˣѵ˵ո˵̫һЩôôᣬߵԱߣûٱֻͮͮա
ֻҡҡͷ·ոյûзɫԡҪ
㡭ԥһ£ûܾסջֱֻס˸գ˵ĺһ٩˼ûУĲ˵㣬
һ㶡
ԼشĻкֻܶ࣬һ䡰ʵû뵽ģ⡣
Ҳ֪
š
Ǹ˼ô
Сģͬһ㣬ظֻǵز֪Ӧô졣
šӦŴսգͷζо˶ƽܹһֱĻöðòã
ʲôʱ򡭡֧֧ģ̫˼ʳڣ˵ԺͰԼںĻˣװһڣš壬ġ
ѵǴڿʼô§סյָ֣˸յıǸο֮ĶԼƵǡ
ڿʼ̫ðɡǸʲôֲᡭѵҪ׼׼ô
ΪʲôɿŸյı飬ܾáеֵֹء
Ϊ졭ȥץ½ǣ΢ͷŵϵľʵذ壬ûкͺӣЩѵıʾ졭һû׼á
û׼ãظһ飬ŸգǺֲ̫԰еɻ󣬡Ҫ׼ôֱ˵áӦô
ȻҪ׼̧ͷôܹú׼һ£㡭ʲô˺Ŀ⣬ֵͷȥ
ðɡǡҪ׼ʲôô׼Эһ˵Ȼ̧յ°ֱͣԼ۾ﲻҰ
ںע֮£ջǡܲ˼İƿ顭Ҳûо顭֪ôȻҪȡ׼һ¡
ô˵սգֻܿԼԣҪ׼ʲô
ѵ㲻׼ôǵģô̩ȻİѵܻôѵͲ׼ô
ңΪʲôҪ׼ʲô׼ġ˵ֻҪ˵áͺ˰ʲôϵҪ׼ʲôô
˵񡭡ܻһպС˵
˵ʲô
ѵоôܻôյһξãȻôֱʣΪʲôһֱҪΧʸͣ
ѵεô
о顭
ѵܻô
׼׼
ɿ˻Ÿ°͵֣յ˲øüͷˡ
տĺ磬ͻȻġĪڣոա˵ˣ
һ͡͡ЦЦ֣ЦᶼˣڸմɻãȻٵĮעֻ֮£סЦݣװ˵ȿȣ㡭ǲǡšǡ԰ɣ
ձЦĴ˿鲻ǺͲ̫˵˵ʲô
˵ûˣǲʲô˰òãǡ㡭šʲô˼˵־Լûбֲһ䣬½һ飬ǡҵ˼˵ûҪҡʲô˼𣿡
˵ģվ˵ŶҲûа˭˵Ҫ㡭ǡʲôȻģϧǡϵıѾй¶˳ԭ˼
ôһ˲䣬յǵͨ죬ܹγѪֺ졣
Ƕ˶ˡ
ۡŸʵǱﲻסˣЦ㵽Щʲôôᡭ뵽ǷȥһЦݣ޷Ϊʲôջ뵽־áĸգǳɰֱɰˡ
ôôɰһѱסգ͵ˣô֮ǣڵСﶼЩʲôǻ뵽Ǹȥ
ʵҲû˼ΪϲԡҲܶԸȫûǸ˼
ÿΡյʱԺУͷ뱧룬롣
סԺֻ룬롭Լ֮ģǡһҲҪֿ
ÿμʱ򣬶ģҪֿҪһֱһ
Ҳûиоʱ򡭡Ҳᱻĵľٶжʱ򡭡Ҳᡭ롭סʲôоء
ֻǣΪջ̫СһЩһֱûǸȥЩ飬;áţһͺáɡ
߳ŭ˵ź磬ŲҪ籧ҲûǸ˼Լĺòá
ţģǡҪ죿绹Ըģſ壬ȻָָϻûɢһƬΡ
㣡
ҲЦˡԼġ罫յǰټЦʲôô
ҡղм
ǡʲôʱأ
ţ
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㡭ɢЦ⣬ô
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ţ˭ո˵Ҫʱ׼׼ģΪ˸ҡʲôĻΪʲô
հƲһߣ磬˵ţ˵ʲô˵ʲôҶ
ûĻǾҾЦ˵˵ղײաǾͽɣ
ôУ
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ſ졣
տźЩģεü˵ɣǳͷ´һ㡣
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Ϊһзһ̣ǶdụʱƱͷС֣ȡ˳Ʊȥϳˡ
ҵóȥԸ²̫һǺһա
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ǻش𻷽ڡ
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߱ߣɣ䵭ôҲңҪͷţ
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shadow㲻ԣ֪͵ųأһֱ뿪һ𿪰~ٺ
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΢Щźɡ
֪Ǹʱ, ˵仰ĸ, ʲôӡ
뿴
, Ϊʱǻ౧ŶԷʼտԷ
ܾá֡
Ǳ˴, ڶԷ, ޵Ľӽ
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ȴʼ޷, ԷΪԼ仯ı顣
룬ڸյġС, ϸĵղ, ·𡭡ܹ, ӵһС
뷨棬ʵʡ
ǣʱ򣬾, Լо飬ܹܹԼ뷨ĻǾͺ˰ɡ
һ֣ûɵģ㡣
ʵ
ջؼԺ󣬰Լһˣڷ澲ڴϵʱҲášܲ˼顣
ҡ
ҡ
Ǹʱ򡭡Ϊʲôأ統ʱǸ˼ԡȻôԭΪԼҪôȻĻҲͲĸ֣뵽ǵɡ
ʼģ磬Ҫĳˣ˺磬ĺܽÿ춼棬Ӱ롣
ٺǵĹϵĪģҲ֪Ӻʱɣͱá˰ɣ˵ģ˭ûе顣
Ҫ˵ΪʲôĻܹ뵽ԭ򣬾ֻǸ˸ĵ֮󡭡ͺĴͱƵ
ûȥԭֻΪ֪ʲôĿȥԭѣҪʲôȥأ
졭ʳ˵ǲϲң仰ʱһ̣յȷǾ˼¶˾Ĳʳģֻǡ޷ϣǸʱ򡭡ǱŽģĵңƫ˺Ҳϲһֿܡ
ˡ
վãˡ
ԼϲźͬʱʵҲϲ
Դˣޱȸм
Ǹʱ밡һҪͺֿòܹһ𣬿ʼ飬ΣҪһֱһ
ʱġƶţţܹԶһ
ŷ֡뷨Ȼ˵ĿЦ棬ϣʲôԶԶֻáǡһ̲ܹΪԶ
νġԶʵҲһ˲顣
ȻЩǺ󻰡
ʱĸգںܡҲᣬͺһʱĵˡ
⼸죬նûи棬ϵҲ٣ֻʱ򣬻ͨһµ绰ʲôġ
ղŷ֡Ȼͺ绹ǡʽڽɣιϵ棬һֱڱһ練һ
ʵ˵̫ϲָоڱһͦûаȫеģΪе飬޹شСõȶԷϵܹ飬ֻеȴ
żԺҪһĻͺˡ
ʱ򡭡Ҳԡ
š
ƽ֣һ۾ܹϳ϶ǴѧˣճĴţܶʱСţпŰ׳t֮ģҲкܶʱǴȹһС
ܶʱ򶼻ŵױϴŶ߶֮Ǻ
ˣƺ񡭡ȫûзֹԼ顣
һֱû˵ķǳǳǳģϲȹģĺ磬ûаĴڼϣÿͷ״żһ紵ķ˿ƮɢţʱΪеţְ鷢ڶȻЩƺǴǸ⣬ǲ˼Ц
ǸʱΪЦĹϵ۽֮ؾŵģʱڸյԺ
ҲʱЦǸģһΪѣֻǺòѡ
кܶʱҲ롭֪ƽ֮£ʵòʲôء
Ҫ˺ׯòģȡαװߣҿʵò
ʲôʱŻ¶ƽһıأ
ȿȡ
ȻͻСЩ顭Ҳȫ֪
Ͼʱôǰɣ֮ͬ䣬Ȳ˵Զģͣͬͬѧʱ򶼻ŷЦԾҪ֪ҲѰ
οģ֪ġ
Ȼ֪ģŮӺŮ֮䡭Ĳǡšô
ʮ֣࡭Ҳ֪߷֡߰˷ֵӰɡ
˵ˡ֪ķΧҲǽ̿鼶𣬿ûʵսһʲôġϣܹһõĻģǶԺ绹ǶԼ˵ˡ
ագգ
ڣʶվش
ʶѧᣬÿһġ
Ҫ񡣡ѵóѧῪʱʳָָ˿ۺڰ壬˶רעںڰдŵݣʼ˵
ŻعѸոԺɢͶ뵽ѧĹȥ
Ȼȫȥ顣
٣ա
ոоԼһģʶתȥûˣҼֱһ£ٿȥЦų᳤
šû˸˵
ʲô
ЦݱˣȻΪ᳤ѧʲôˣʲôӣʲôﶼ
ǰվһľͷ˵̵̵ͣΪµʱ򣬺޸飬Ϊɹ˷Ļˣûʲô磬һһҪȫԼ꣬ûʵҲǿߵѰ뷨
𣿡Щס漴ЦЦҲ϶
аͷȻ˵֪֪һʱп϶ʽʷ˵ʵҲôġ
ղÿɷֻǳĬһ˵᳤֪ʲô˼أ
ʲô˼ڿ佱㰡ѧδ֮ǣܹԽԽãǵȻòˣΪ᳤Ҳܸ˿վڻ᳤ĽǶ˵ѧԽԽãĹҲΡ
ȻҲûˣҪҵˣϾѧᣬҲ֣֮ȻʼջϣѧܹչԽԽþˡ
ʲô٩ô
û뵽ҲûῪЦ˰ûЦǿһǽϣе뿪Цģȴһ㿪ЦζΪѵĽǶ˵Ǿ״̬ܺãѧҲǣһȻϣܹԽԽõģֻǡ˵治ѧҵҲȽ⣬ϣܹȥ
ҸЩ飬ҲûֻǱϣģֻҪͺమ飬Ҳûϵѣһԣܹȥġ
ڡ
סֹ˸˵ȥĻ֮ʲôϵԼͺãҽͣҲκγ֮˽ͣҪǣˣԼ֪ǵĹϵԺҪĻǶ˭ͣǲ԰׵ġ
ʵ̫ϲ£ΪѧκѵĺйأΪ˱˵ȽϺãյʼСһЩļܹͥöݵɣԼȡģǣ֮أȵѧҵ֮أ
ƱػصܼҵظֻһŮֻ˭ܹλá
ԣһعĻʼͻ
΢㶡
һ˿˼
ֻҪҸúõľͺˡ
⣬֮ʲôϵҪ˵Ҳ˵
ڣֻҪ˴మ˴మ飬Ѿ㹻
ҡʵҪǲǾá̫ų̫СҲûܹеͺһǷѹȴûʳڡ
Ϊʵһ̣ͻȻˣ飬˭˵ӦܹӰ쵽ҪԼǿسһͺ˵ĵ·
һŬġɫƺѾ˾ǣޱȳϿҵĿ˵лл㣬С㡣
εֵһˣû׹Ȼô˵Ҳ֪ʱܹ٣վߵġ߿Ժһȥ´ǱϴѧšûõʱҪҪأ߷չԺҪæĵطĻǵҡ
ţ˸յĵ绰Լֻ룬Ȼ˵ม
ţСҲǡȻҾһܹ´󣬲һ˵һ䣬ףǰƽ´ȫΧڣϷӰѧԺһۺԴѧǼ򵥵ĿܽģѧϰɼҪ֮⣬жĿԣ˲õ֪ͨ顣
㼪ԡ˿ʱ䣬Ҳ˰ɣѾ˷ѧʱˣֱӻؼˡҲûϰʲôġ
õģлС㡣
ҿڰ֣ʾտˡ
ոһͱ˻ֻߣС˵ȣʲô˵о飬šҪæĻԴʲôģҲ԰ġ
е죬װرĵһǣûоܾ˵ţãллС㣬Ǿ鷳ˡϾҪԴ̿ʽָֻİ
Ҫ֪ƵѧҲǺҪġ
ȻһڴӦøϻؼҸϢͰʲôԴȥѧϰͬʱ͵Ц
ջ˷ܻؼȥˣſŵƹ⣬ʵЩ⣬ΪҲһһģһƬڣһء
˰
ţ߽֡ţЬԼķ߳ȥôڼҰ
Ҵһѧģ⿼տ꣬ʱ˳ͻˡ߸û̧ͷźʣרעڷϵһӣ˵껰֮ûеõӦ̧ͷŸעӵĿ⣬һ䣬ôˣ˶ˣڷϣԼȥ԰ɡ˵һľ֮С
յͷȴûʲôʳһ䣬ء
һлҪæ˵Ҫģ컹˵ɴǶˡ
มûʲôǹԵĻԼķ䣬ͬʱ˷š
һ£˵һʼ֡ЧǸߡʲôѾˡ
лҪ˵
뷢
ǳһԳ
һ£ǲһֳ
һ£һڷһ½죱ǰ
סСгƱӴ
в׵Ļûҵģ۸ңҿ˾ͻϻظġ
ٽһ£¼һ֣ҲŲֳȽϺá


79 
תۼ, ôһ, ͹ȥˡ
ǭZȼѾˡ
вһµʱ, Ҫ׼߿ˡ
Դ֮ǰԷԺ, Է㶼ǳĬû֮ǰ顣
ǭZȼʣ, ΪûбҪ׷̫ӱ˽⵽Է㵱ʱæ, ɵĺ, Ȼ쵼ӡӷ, ټǭZȼԼҲúæΪѧѧҵҪæ֮, ڲ, ҲЩҪ
Է㣬ǭZȼᣬôȻûбҪȥ, Ͼܹܶ಻ҪΣҲҪȥӦǭZȼ
ǭZȼ, Ͳ˵
ǴʲôҲ, ԷﶼЩо, ǭZȼ֮䡭
ܡ
ΣҲ޷صǰĹϵˡ
Ĵ𰸣ǾܾҲȻһԤУǭZȼƶӦ
Է㡭ĸоԺ, ԺоȻðˡһ


ǭZȼһˣô
ᡭ롭ͨô
ȵԷعʶԼȻʱе¡
ʼ££¡
ǣԷ㿪ʼȫĵͶڹ֮УĻˣģϵõԴ˷ǳ⣬ҲؼҸǭZȼΪԷףһ
ҲԴԷյʼǭZȼͻȻйƤһҲûʲôһĶˣһǰĹɣһʱ䣬Է㶼Լǲǵ֢Щ飬ǭZȼ˵ϲԼԼ֮飬ԼĻѡ
ôԺԷִһ
þˡ
ǭZȼֿ˯ԺҲкܳʱˣҲһ˰ɣտʼǭZȼˣˣǳҪԼԼ˵ҪԼһ˯˺棬û˾˰ɡ
ҲҲǡˣʶ⣬ԲҪ
ǣȶȣ
ȶȡ

Էôһڴϣͷ˫֣컨巢Ųͷߵλá
ǲϰ߰ɡ
ϰһ˯
ϰ߿ճһλá
ϰûǭZȼ
ϰߡ
Ҳһϰ߶ѡ
лϰϰߵһ졣
վôһ졣
ǭZȼҲǰ׿ʼڣô˵һС
ˡ
ô
ţǰʲôϲϲģֶǭZȼĲɡ
ҡоֶ˵û˾ûˡ
ҲǻָǭZȼǰദ״̬ѡѡ
Ӧġ
ԷһƽˮӣʵѲӿ
˰ɡ
Է̾һ棬һۣΪԼΪǭZȼΪ֮䡣
ҡҡͷЦɵԼô뷨ءҲ̫Ц˰ɡ
ڣˣοӹأֺο࡭ȥһЩûн顣
˯£ϴԺ󣬴ȥԸ緹ʵӦ緹ˣڶѾʮˣȻԵе粻Ҳ¿
ɣ˵Ҳδ̫ɺһ£Է¥ȥԷͿǭZȼڷϣһ˳š
˹
á
ҲǼһĽ
šá
㡣˰
šԷͷ˹ȥվǰ£أҲô
С㣬ҪԷôͻͣڶСһԵӶ˿Էˣǰѯʡ
ԡ
ǣС㡣Ӷ˱ȥԷԵĶȥˡ
ţǰɡǭZȼش
Էͷû˵ʲô
о롣
ôˣ
ǰ޻̸ǽãѡ
ء
Ĭ
ԵĳĬš


ȴޱȵĬӦһģͬʱڣ³ֶһģһ
ǭZȼԷһ㶣һЦͬʱ˵˵
СZȰɡþûôйˣڡټķֻˣŷ
С㡭һæɣǭZȼ׽Ű࣬滮һȦһȦ۾ȴûжԷ㿴
ţðɣһֱǸӰ
˵Сڳģڵλֺܺã㾭ֵ飬ɵĺܳɫǭZȼЦЦοһ㣬̧ͷעԷ۾˵Ժ󣬳ĵġ
Էһ㶡
ûɵġ
Ϊʲô
ǭZȼ⣬ͷ˵ΪС㰡Ϊеģ⡭ʲô𡣡
ûСԷͫʧƵƮһ仰ûʲô
ҰԺСôͺˡϾҲ֪ԼδᷢʲôǰȻͬҲ֪ԼʲôӣΪһʲôˣʲôĹ˭һ
ġСZһᣬģڣһֱ㰡ԷǭZȼĵ꣬㳯¶ЦݣοҲԼ˵˻ѻʲôģ⻰ǰοǭZȼҲȷĻ
棬ǭZȼȷһֱ㡣
ǭZȼԴ˲ÿɷֻǣǳЦҲ֪Էİοѹš
ǡСZءԷ㳶⣬Ը֮ձøӳء
ң
԰߿Ҳû˰ɡô𣿡ԷǭZȼǭZȼȴԷԼҪӽŵӡ
ŰǭZȼЦ
ҿӣһҲŰԷ㷢ǭZȼˣðҲϷŪǲǣ
ǭZȼȥץ֣ըëв֪ȤӶ˹ֻñԭ
С㣬ʱǶСϲԵ𼦽ѼΪԷ˵ʲôӶҲ֪ôѡ񣬲֪һ㣬ǾǴСһ۶С㣬ֻҪóСϲĶСôҲ˵ϲ
šԷʾ֪ˣȻû¶ʲôϲɫ¶Цݡ
ӶԺԷ˵㵨ǰɡ
ûǭZȼŵӿԷЩԷʶĺˣϴǭZȼҲȻ󱧹Ķͷ顣
ǭZȼ㲻Ϊˣ԰ɡ
ԭΪǭZȼҪʲô족飬ȴʱɲס˳Էû뵽ģһ̣Ҳ֪Լһǡڴ˿գš
ͺ˸ԻԼķ䣬ûٶ˵ЩʲôûǰʱȴȴǰĽ䵭
ǭZȼæԽԽæԷҲæֻڡѹǲ֪Լæʲô
ѵõϢǳ˴ڷ棬ԼȻ¿˯˯ûȥæһգۼ˴ϡ
ǰ
ôĹô
ô
Է㣬ǭZȼɾûôˡ
æææѧҵæ
Сæŷա
֪δܻᷢ飬Է㣬ڸĸǲ֪Լġ
ĳɼAӦǲģûȥAǰʱɼҲAķ̫ߣȥ˱еһѧ˵ҲAȻѷɫ١
ȥAҪȥĸϵѡʲôרҵءͬרҵʲôͬ顣
ܶ飬ͬѡ񣬾вͬĽ֣ΪǭZȼ֪ʲôѡʲôĽ֣ſš
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ǭZȼ޷ȷԼѡ񡭡ɵδһУ׻᲻Էйҹ
Ϊûлˡ
ǭZȼһֱΪţšƫƫֽЩӵһ𣬷Ӳֳ
ԷȻҲ޴ӵ֪ټЩҲء
ֱϵʱֻһڼң仹û㱾ŶʮТϹԭȥĵλͳԵȥˡ
ǣֻʣԷǭZȼˣڳԷʱԷƳǭZȼĲԾ
ˣһĲɵӡ
ôԷôԷȫǭZȼķ񰡡
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ûʲôطҪȥȽϿգȥȽϿաŹ֡
ԷȻһӣҲͱ֮ǰ΢ôһ𣬸æĻǵæ
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Է㿴ϽЦݵǭZȼһʵ
š㡭֪𡣡ǭZȼȥץԷ֡
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˵ˣûдҲûϵ·㴩ҵľͺճƷٴȥ򡣡Է㿴һһէǭZȼԾֽǭZȼǣĲˡ
ôû뵽ءǭZȼŽߵԷ㣬רעԼӣЩˡ
СZСZСZԷ̧ͷǭZȼʱ򣬲ŷڷ͹֡
ţ
ôˣ
ûǡС㡭̫ÿ˰ǭZȼٺٺ١ɵЦ˵Ծ͡ˡ
Էһ죬޴˵ʲô̫ÿˡ컬ģôȤİôûûСɲС
˵ľʵСܺÿÿģҳϲǭZȼԷ㣬佱ô˭ϲأرŮӣ˿佱ܺÿĻһĻŭŵġ
ȻǭZȼԷһӹŮȫһ˵ҲŮ˿佱ܺÿĻܹǻеĵİɣ
С㡭ǭZȼͻȻԷסա
ڱץסԭǭZȼ˵ʼı䣬Ū͵ӡ
С˵һѧİߺߣǭZȼʲôʱ򣬱ôǻˣ
ûа桭ģûСǭZȼԼ˫֣ץסԼҵģԷ˫֣ȻסûҲŲԷֵ
ڣûԷ˫֣˶Լգһ֮󣬲˵ôõİûи˭ѧֻôѡҾãСģÿ
ǭZȼԷ˫ģ棬ÿȵһҪÿ
ôעӵԷ㣬ֻԼţһţΪǭZȼ̫һЩҲĻ棬ע⵽˲һ飬ȵһǡһ˭
һǭZȼȫû뵽ԷĹעطǸʲôһȫһ˵Ϲİ
ţ˭ԷͻȻЩȤǭZȼ棬һÿˣ˭أ
ǡһǡǭZȼ֧֧죬ѡ̹ףǡûа
ûУҲŲءԷһҲšģ۾ֱֱĶǭZȼһҪ˵һ֣˵˭
ۿţԷҪץס֣ҪԼ֮ƣǭZȼ͡һ£ǡ裡
棬ÿĵһ裡Է϶û˵˰ɡ

û뵽ǭZȼ˵һÿǷ䣬⵹ǳԷ֮⣬ǭZȼһƵóѵӣԷ棬ôһơ˵ĸоأ
ðɣ㣬СԷǭZȼıӣ߰ɣһ߻ȥվǭZȼ֡
ǭZȼҲȥǣסԷ㣬ֻЦ
ûиԷ㡣
ȵһҪÿ壬ʲô
νģȵһҪÿ˼˵۽жٺÿˣ۽ÿһλԷÿġ飬Զı䡣
ΪԶȵһҪÿ
ЦʲôأԷע⵽ǭZȼĪЦݡ
šûʲô
ʲô˵ǭZȼƫ˵ԷҪȥ

ԷһεģǭZȼ˸


˶ûϵᷢ
ԷֵҲЩˣ̫
һ㶼
һϲϲǺҦͮͬѧһҲôû
ǭZȼǵһˣš
ԷǭZȼĻ뿪վֱǭZȼ֣ȻĬǰţżͷǭZȼÿһΣõѯʽĿ⡣
š
ҲΨһһ
СZ
ţ
ǭZȼһֱעԷ㡣
ʲôʱ򣬶
ǰҲãҲա
һֱԷ㣬һֱע
ڣҲˡ
á㣬ô

Ϊ֣ǭZȼͻȻסˣоĽŲҲȻͣ
㡣
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лҪ˵
ڸ12ǰܹ
һʵУġ
ҪƱQQ΢˽ңһ¶µĽͼҾͻַᷢ
 ҵˡ
˵ôǵ۸ң

ղղղӤ


80 
ڶ졣
ȫʹѹġ
ѹʱ, ûȫӦָо, ۾˺һ, ȻŽ۾
һ۾
ճЦһ, ӳԼ
ģǡ
ձȺѵҪ, ȴûѡϴǱԵ˯ȫע
һֱź˯ա
ܾá
һ̶Զ

ԶĻ
, ȴʵĸо, һ, ·ʱľֹһ㡣
ûκβصڡ
ֻǶˡ
ֻǱ˴ˡ
Ǹں￴ġ
ûסͷ, ֻر۾, ãϣǡ
, 
Գ뿪
۾
һ˫ֻ
¶Ц, Ե˲, ܿġ
ס, ֱһǣһء󡱣̧ͷʱ, ҲЦ⡣
նʱһٻЦȻսĶԣ˵ô
նʱһ졣
ŸգڱţҲ֪˵ЩʲôƵġ
ղŲŹ磬װɵ͵غס˺ĶͷĶ
§ں֣Ҳʼźţֿʼصḧš
ҹ֮ܽӴʱ˿ƺֿʼȼúĺЩô˳
𡭡
ִͣյĶ˵ңоôϲô
ϵķۺ컹ûɢˣΪոոյġ֡øӷ졣
Ÿʳ˵⣬ʵڡ֪ôشֻûƶյĻס
ʱ򣬺ŸоһĸоԺﲻֳĻ棬ձˡ
ţ
㡭֪ġ
֪ʲô֪ʣûǹģòѧôġ̲ġôҲʺġܡԼѧĺòðԼġô֮ġ
һ¸յļͷǹģ
θҲװɵˣǿŻĺ磬Ц˵šҾǹġΪҪ֪ģӦģĸоôҪ֪ϲϲ
翴ŸԽԽı飬֣ʳָŸյüΣ촽촽ҲſҲ¶ʵ뷨ܣϲֻҪǸйصģҶϲ
һУʲôҵģϲ
еһУеУΪ㡣
ҲֻΪ㡣
ģյϲãѾü䡣
ǣͷ
տĵЦúϲ£죬Ļϲ˵Ļ͵һ
ôԼ񱻸յĿִȾƵģҲסЦһƷ˿ʳָƳɾȦ
ѵ㲻ô̧ͷЦ⣬ڴʲô
šˡˣҾͺܸˡ
һѱס˺磬飬ԼոպĻش𣬼ֱҪֻˡ
ţǡȻѾش⡣ճֻ֣ͷԱһȻ˵ǲǣҲӦúҼһ£أֱֻϻȥ
ţʲôմӺĻ뿪һ̧ͷ
ѽ
ôǵء
϶ǡ챻٣ͷԡ
ںʦ⡭⡭ôôźð
ܲܵź棬һԵ˵Ϊ׼׼Ǿˡϡѧϰѧϰɡ
ţǲӦûشһأʣ⡭ѸյֻӫĻǰȫƲߣȻһֻҲ§ס˸գѣ֮Ц⣬ǸʲôأţģûУ㿴˶٣
յı齩סˡ
亹ֱð
ûֻԴܱץĺ
ûޡ
Ҳû̹ס
Ҫڡǰһ¡
ִսǰŽ˵ţ͡硭ҪôԽ˵ԽСˬˡͺô˵꣬ս׺С͡
ʲô˵ʲôˣе㷢ȣѹļ¶ЩЩЩģ
ռź绹ǲΪȥסһֱ׷졣
κ㿪ˣֻ˵ĻԺ󶼲ˡ
⻰յٶҪŤһȥˣͱʾԼĲ
̲סЦ˳ôôɰʮһˣȵģô˵ɺȴãϲţûסڸŵϣһǣһȻ˵˵˵˵ˣн
ֱ

˵Ҳ˰
ȻԺ󣭣磭ӣзĻôš
ԣ棬֣ص˵ǸȻͰˡ
ǡС㡭ҡġԴ˵ʱЩ˼ΪԺðЩϡݣȻɶˣôǻЩߵ
С㡭һ£˵ʲôСģ
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һͰѸոѹˣŭӵĿŸգձģҲЩģǡ˴˿̶ŴƣִС
½ߵĸգǺߵģҲͷһο˲Ȥһģ΢΢ס°ֱͣԼ˫ۣȻ˵ѵ˵ںô
յû˵Ǿؿ˺һȻ󡭡һѽʱϢ
ԭǣղ֪ģͰ˫§ס˺ĲòֱԼ˫ۣĺϣһȵĸоӭȻ֮ʱѹ¡
֮λã˲䣬Ե˹
ƽԺ󣬱ϸյɪĿ⣬֣ϸյգ΢ЦţȻŸһסյĶ䣬ճʹ˵ڣ֪˰ɣ
ӡ
ֻЩҳˡСʲôʱôˣʵûȻСġ˵ɣѧģС˭ְ񣬲Զ룬һᱣ־ˣʲôʱǹϵôˣܵԻഫݡԴĵزˣ
ӡ̫ͣ˵С㰡ΪðȿȣΪңΪǺã˰ɡտźвĿ⣬̸ĿڵСôãĺ⣬Ҳþܾ˵ǰɡ԰ɡңҲʲô飬ⶼΪܹ磭ӣз
ѽҽƱ硣ҪץסյĶ䣬㿴ʶס䣬װһ޹ӡ
ţǡûް
ϲ
ϲ
գҺϲ㡣
ͱҲǡǶϸ˵԰ɡС㣬ҲһƬšƵģſϣȥգĵ
ûȴҲӦ˸յӵǣرסգڸյľ䣬촽ȥҧһ򵥵ǡ
ղСһ䣬Ѻ§ĸ
Ҫһֱһ
ͬһ˵Ļжá
ĻͿһֱһԶֿ
Ҫ㳤󰡡
бҵȻѧ㡣
ʱԵĻҲҪһǵı
ĻҶܸܵжҸˡ
Ұ㡣մյĶߣ
лҪ˵ӣѾվ
Եûһ󡭡˼
Ȼ˵һ£Ҽе飬ʵҲ̫봦ǵһȥ϶ûͱ
˵һ£һ£һˣѧ͸յĻƪһ£ʵһµľˣǡͦ۸СģʵڲģԻһ£´һЩ
Ҳôһһ£ΪͻȻŤתҲӰۿЧ
ش𻷽ڣ
ʵû£һԭΪоԼ
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ʱ̸ֻãǾԼԸһʺ̸ˣ¶ϱȽʺҡ
ʱֻͦµģҾù¶Ҫȥеģô룬ô˵Ե˵Ļǻżÿ־塣
ĸϹ˺öΣҾԲ˼룬Ȼڻ硣
żҲ룬Լ̸Ļʲôӣȫ󲻳ҾáܡҲְҵйϵɡ
оԼͦìܵġ

ҾͷɧӣҪңңң


81 
ո, ˴ƽֵĶȹʱ⡣
ʱͬ, ʱ־ӡ
ССֲ, ǻûϵĳܡ
, ԸԳĿ˺ڵĴѧܿϧ, ΪһĸգʱѾȥԼ˾ϰĺ
õ, , ʲô, 󣬶ؼ, Ȼ;, ȴܻͬ顣
ϴˣͷڹĺ磬ŻðЩͷĸ, Ц˵
šȻȥһֱæӣܶô
ʵҲùеë, ʼͷ, ߻ش˵, Ҳ֪쵽ҵʱˣҰָ´ұ۶, Բеࡣ
มտóƣ
ģô
ʱüͷл֮ȥǳ
Ϊͱҵô
ôˣһֱעԼĿ⣬Ц˵ʲôô˵ڹңΪ̫æˣûʱ㣿
Ŵ˵֪Ҳˡ
ЦѰƵյգรȻǺðƤһЩǿɶǽԭװǲҲӦżұԹһ²źðһֱôƽ⣬ôҡҺѹ״ƿЦ
ϣ㱧Թ
ҵ˼ǣżҲӦұĲȥ˳ڽǵʱҧĴꡣ
šԭ˵ġָҲ¶ЦݣȻźսһЩ
ץס֣ʮָۣȻֱٿ۾ɫҡ
ʶĿһ±𴦣űЦ˵ʲô飿Сʲôأ
֪֪ĻͲˡ
Цݡ
ʹ
ЩԥҪҪԼյĵط˵ڡ
йأȻΪô
ǰɡȫǡ绺ſ˵ʵǡҰס
ǰʱϰֵѵԼһԸ
ҲǣֻǰϰԼƵˡ
ŮѵóһٷԵĹ̻ͦģԵϰ־Ϳʼˡ
С簡ҲСˣҲô鷽棬ûʲôءظһǵģ˵
粻ײüû˵
ֻظ˵ְأûҪ˼ֻǡҲ֪ģְΪĸףҪĹ״С󣬲ѧϰɼƷʣȵȷ棬ûðְֵĹǰΩ鷽棬һֱظеĵ棬ع۲źķӦ
ҲˣҲѾûθˣҲеĲ;ߣ̧׾ؿԼĸ׸Լòģ˶û˵˺һЩ̫ãȻŷȿ˵Լ飬Լзִ硣Ϸġ
㿴ʲôʲô˼ְû˼ҪĹԼŮĸѡ
ð˵ôģ
Ȼ֪ĪŮģ֮ǰ㲻һμ˹˾ľƻôʵĸܣ˽ҹҵ˵ǶЩȤʶʶҲһ˲ţſ͵˸ܣȻСְţڻᣬԼѡȨʶЩûлģ˿Լ棬ģ̽һδ滮Ҳǲ
ظ˵꣬˼䣬ְԻûдӦֻǸһᣬ㿴أ
ܡܾþܾ˺ô
ⲻڱȥ
ֻʶһ¶ԷһԸѣԣظ̽Եһ䡣
֣㣬һһְ֣ԼԼĿռ䣬Ұ˭ʶ͸˭ʶ˭Է͸˭ԷҵɡΣǲԣǲܡ
һʱ䣬Ҳˡ
Ȼûиֹ̽ڡ񡱷⣬ϾջСһЩǣûշֿ
Ӳܻȥס
ǣһĺӣǳɵģƳҪи˿ռ䣬һְûǰְϣܹзִ磬ȻŶʮͷᣬʱ䣬ǣ˷ˡ
˵һλʱظ൱ƽ˵Ժ˶٣ȻֳЦ˵ΣҾ͸Ƶְ˵
һٷԵ󣬱ɢˡ
룬滹ЩоĪѻţ𣬿ȴôʱȥףֱڸЦ

֪ΪʲôܾáֵǷƺǡлҪʾʲô
ô
Ҹ˼ˣ
ƲƲ졣
밡ⱲӣֻǰŮһ𣬾Ҫ˵ĻҲֻ޸
ֻ޸ա

Ÿղ˵ģ絣룬̽͵ҵȻһڻؾˡֻǡұƵúܽ鲻̫öѡңûȥס
ġḧźգ˵ҵȻ㰡
ֻǣҲʹԼܡ
Ϊʲôδء
һĻԼĹҲܹδøǵ飬ȶ
ꡣ
ѾҪȲȥˡ
һ˼ĺݵֱȻ˵ûн⣬ġ
ǣ֪ܹоҸ׵ʱ㲻ġ֮ǰû㣬ǲеġ
һΣû˵
ȷ
޷ϡ
ǲġ
ǣܲģġ
һΣʹԼ
ͣΪ޷Խĺ蹵
˫֣§ԼĻصĸıοңһҵķģڻᰡűҵһεҪȥŬܶء
šҲֻرס磬ֻȴʼոоԼ˿ں绳һѾйƤôҲ᲻𾢶о˶ʧ䡣
һѹ
ʮֵ
Ϊģ޷ıΪ
˵ȴȴʱɳ֮⣬ʲôˡ
Ҫ׸յС䣬ȻֿӵӰóһ־ıݸգءȵһʺϵʱø㿴ģء綼㿴ģţȻĻ㿴׼Ҳ
ʲôձʱ߽ӹ־
˷Ȼ㶨ͣһҳϡ
⡭ǡ
ɣУյϸ
šЦ˵ҼǵáһֱͦģҲпǹѧרҵջǷѧרҵ˵ǿǵأ˵ļпγʱԼδҪ֮ģԻ˷ѧ
ʵʹԭ򣬱ϾЩشôôܣȴӲ˵Ҳûм˵ԭˡ
㡭տź磬Ҳؿо·й⣬ղЩǷϲĵģྶͥЦ˵ʲô

Цŵͷ
ǿˡ
ֻҪտģֻҪյЦݣôں˵еĲ죬ܹһ˲䣬һɨա
ǡǡЩԥǺ룬ҲϲϾδ滮еһҪĻڰ
ǣô
Ŀô
ʲôûа취
ʲôսգֱ˫ۡ
ôڵңʲôûа취㣬ϵ㣬ʱСĻҲ֪ܹܲãҡڹ̫ãҲ㡣
ǣͻȻϲͷԣЩ̫ˡ
ּ֡ĸоɣ
ȴַ·̫С
ûкѹ
ֻǣ侲˼ĽǣҪǹǵ飬ʵ̫࣬ΣڶһҪСĺʱ
ҵСɵϡḧյգһִûйģ˵ʲô׵ʲôϵ㣬ЩҪҰЩͺôûеĻҸͺΪ˵ֻҪͺˡҵߣ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ𣿡
ҡҡͷ
˼
ֻǣڲ20꣬Ҳ֪׵ϵ㣬ǰĻ
ûа취飬ûһֽ飬̸͸һҪص顣
ѡӦøܶſԡ
ڣʲôûС
һС
ԡ
ȴֻЦעŸյ˫ۣıǼⴥıǼ⣬Ȼ˵С飬㲻õģʹˣɲһξܳɹรֻǰ֪ĻǾͿǰ׼׼¸ºôȥԿ
ǣһܴ顣ҡ
ûչ˺Ҹô
ǡǡǡЩ飬ǡҾáͿԵġ
ǣҪһı롣һӶ˩ҵߣһѹ֪Ҳߵ˶֪㲻һˣһмͥˡ㹤Ժһ°ͻؼңǣֻǡ֪ģտǷѧԺԺ뵽Ҫۡ
տûյ׵Сֽ飬ؼǣЩ׵Сֽкܶ඼е͵͵ģûܾЩȫ翴ˣ;ñŤֶ΢Цֱ˵
ƫƫֲһԺϵģûȨ
𡣡ͻȻеʧȥģҡֵôôҡ˵ķ桭ĿɶϾ޷ϵǣΪոյһպܸжĺܸж
ϲ˵
ֺγҪѺ˩һأ
ռֶǺܿµġ
ҡ޷ϣҪһԼļͥ
ɵϡǵڸյԣԼյ˫ϵЦᵽ˼£ȻԼҲδֽڸյ˫ϣ˵ʲôֵúͲֵõءҪһԭ򣬻һɣܹĵĻôҵĴ𰸣ǡԸ⡣Ϊ㣬ΪǵδԸκε顣ΪСǴʱ˿̵ڡ
һ˲䣬֪ӸյڶһĨҫãˮЩֲ壬ǣܹоաܸˡ
ôѾ㹻ˡ
ոˣͻˡ
һúöԴСģһЩʱ䣬һԼøġңһΪˡսԼʮָյ֣ŵԼؿ֮ѾûЦݣǰδеࡣ
֣صЩ·˵ŽĴһ㡣
̲סЦ˳ʲôôӣоǿʶʱĸоĲˣ۽䣬˵˵ķ棬㲻õģһġúýģڸո˷⡣
ԴӺһ֮󣬱֪ո︸ĸĹϵʵǢǩԼһദʽĸСʱһֱ൱ȴûϾʱȥŮĸ빵ͨ
Ѿˡ
Щ⣬⡣
ΪҪСˣԸռ˵ķ棬ȫõģԼĸô
֪ΪʲôܾԼĸǷֵֹġ
糤һ
Ȼ綼ᷢȻôӦǰ׼
ûⲻ鲻ᷢȷڷĿܺ൱񣬻Ǳġ񡱡
յı
˽Լĸףעظ˵棬Ҳ۰Լ۰Ҳ޶ȵģһ漰ϲˡδػô׹ء
ԡ
ԼĸЭ
ƱҪøա
ʲôմս˼ŵգ֮䣬ϵı飬ʱ͸¶Ϊ߶еġ
յĿָȾĺ磬ЦſļͷʱѾԤԼˣ¸죬𡣡
šЦţ׺ĶͷӦ
ȷǱԿ飬ú͸նû뵽ǣ̫ðɡһξͳɹˡ
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ǸŮ
ҪΪɣ˹ظŮûдӦֻ˵ΪŮְλʲôʱͻ
ֱĺظûͻȻôɡ
Ҳúݼ̫ãһҲûУƨɾͻؼЪȥˡ
Ӵˣˣˡ
ңҲ˵ļҡ
ոƴˡ
ʾʹӱˣΪһСҪĹϵɣʱʱ̣̿״̬ȴһ㶼ۡ
ǴѧҪסУҲÿļҡ
ÿرۣøտȥѧУҲǻƣ
ƫƫЦ˵ûϵÿκ˵ʱ򣬸նЦŲشȻʼס͡
ʵֻ֪ģÿѧУͷɻ˺ĺϡ
Ȼ˵˰չ˺磬ջǲģÿؼչǣȻܾЩʲô
ڲߵӣǿѹе˼ץʱƴŬ֮⣬
Ҳ˵ôЩ飬㶼ͺźӳһ̸ոкõˮͷרˢĸգŵ߹ȥ߽еˮ̣ȻСķɳߣֱȷ簲ȫյĲŰһ롣
ôŰֻһЩС鰡еˮ飬һǿİֲǲмˣɵϡŸսŵ˵ӣֻúЦֲȱ첲ȵģڽųô
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СաʲôأһҲһɰġ
Ҳ˼ֻǡ̫ȫⶼһЩС飬ͺôסֱ֣ףȻԼգź¡Ķӣʵǰ
޲ðѺ˩ڿϣԼȥĶǸһϣܹ
ѵǵ˲ǰ֢ôȤǡҲûлаҲǻе˰ôûôأŸյ֣š
üҲ밡ǡԤھ¸ˣôܲŰ
УµµȥѾĿγˣ˾ԵҲ׼¸취εǰһµļ١
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ģĸŮƽɫֵҽҲЩ˵ʲô˰һ
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С㣬лл㡣
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ҲһЦǵȻİСܹСδ֮ǵ裬ķ֪ڵӰѧԺȻֻǸѧѾ˺üϷˣͷġ
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ȡĺܺðû뵽ȡôġ
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ôءҲ̲סЦЦѧ㰡֪ŮȡôȺ֣˶ء
ϲĻͺˡЦݶź˯ģҲĲˡ
һҸģҲĽ
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ٻŮңԴӺбҵ󣬻ϣֻһΣ㲻ְ˵ҪһƬԼأҪɣΪ۰Ůİְ֣ȻǴӦˡ
ڣվǲѡ
Ϊÿһ䣬Եչ¶ţһĺۼ
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ʱãʵһ˺ܺãеʱҲԼоìܡ
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ΣҪ˵һǣְֵĹ۵㣬һ˵ʵҲǺܶڼͥĸ뷨ǣĸ飬ֻ֧߲ϣһ˹ΪĸãһȥǲһӣϣĽչġ
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ΪǼʺ;ܻ飬ҲһЩ
ǣеĸĸһӶܽܵͣеĸĸ岻ã֪ЩҲܴ̼ͻǡŵɣ⣬ǿĸԸ͵ġ
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Ϊ㰮һ˵ʱҪԼģȥ
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˰, Ǹոջ˵ءѧ㶼Ŀ˰Цŵ٩, װһԹģ
ае졣
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ǡա
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˵ң˵𣿸ò˵ҵĻɣҲƵ, Ц˰ɡšû̫ʱ, ȥ˳ԵĻ˵, ձʰ˵Ʒһ, ⿪˴İװ
˹ȥʵ, ʲô
, а͵㣬С, СҶһЩࡣ˵ǹһ, Ĵ, ʹҽ, ˵ʸҽԺЪһܣûʲô⣬ܾͿԳԺؼˡ
ͷ˵á
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ţСǸ࣬óԡ
ЦЦû˵ιš
һԵĵɳϣĬĬһ˳ţǣ֣ɣвλô󣬿ռ󣬲Ȼɵڲߣź͸շֱ̫˺
ˡ籾ǿСģȴͻȻЩʲôƵģأ㻹ûиҡ
ûеõش𣬷ǸյԼŴ
ǡ
ֻǸտǣһ࣬ȥסԵȻ˵֣šաáô
ߡơաŲµʲôˣȴŹգôд
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ô
šҺϲ˳Ʊסյֱ֣ԼԱߣ롭һҲϲ֡
תףڳ͸գ۾ı˵Сա쿪ʼͽ˺ֽգϲ𡫡
ֻСƺǱˣƺϲֺ֣ǺǵЦˡ
㿴ɣҾ˵СҲϲ֡ЦŶԸ˵ȻȥգһΪСȡһֵĽ
۰۰۰۰СͻȻ
ղԡ
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֮ǣҪСιˡ
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㡭ҡ
ޡšձתȥͿԶСɳϵڳԶ
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ﰡʲô˼ѧڸƾҪȥʲô
һѾ͵סˣͰ͵˵ûû
üżţ˵ˣСˣ㰡ҲˡǶհ
Ϊ̲סЦˣȻ֪ι̰Ϊڸջ֮ǰѾιһˡ
ѧ㣬һ治ò˵СŮͦС۵ġŸ˵ɶŮ˰еҲУʲôû׼һʲôء
հƲһߡ
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Լûкúÿ
ЦյͷѸյÿѺ統㿴һ·ʵڲߣܰģһЩѧǣܳԺɣ⼸Ҳûʲô¶ѧСյԺɡ
ڣǸæǽ˼Ϸô⼸ѵϷô֪ҲͦæģСˣӦץʱ䣬ʤ׷Ŷ԰
ûϵżѣңϷľ籾һڿĿǰûоӲӡ
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⼸죬Ǹպź硣
ֱԺ죬籧Сգ߸˵Ļؼңһȴ˲Ծ
ȱű˷䣬ŷ֣ѾúӤһЩӤƷѾˣİѱŵӤǺñӣ˯ţų˷š
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˵ʲôɫò̫ÿ
Ϊʲôء
ղ֪ô˵ָо޷ݣܽţƫƫİְûΪûɫĳԽԽǵǡ
İְһʼиĸ˵뿪Ů֮ĻոоԼܻýһЩ
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ƫƫ˿̣ظǱ飬ֻܹ˼ǡĸоҲǲøո޴Ӳ
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ְֲڱ飬ֻϣܹһѣȻȶദ֮ٿǽ顣ظ
ڹ̶Ķ󡣡򵥵ӳһ仰ҲûĹ̻򵥣ֽգҸһѾʱˣǸܺá
Ѱְֵɵ𣿣գգգһŮһŮôһⲻЦôظվü֮ѾԼŭ
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Ҫģ֤ոҺ͸նѪԵϵ֤ݵĻҲȥһģΣֻǵ޷Ļôҿ㣬ȥܡ
˵Ժ󣬺һ㲻ܣҲûйϵҽֻҪ֪ѣδһѡֻпǸգҲֻиաҲȥףҲȥס
һҪǸŮһ𣿡ظЩ̼ܵһ㣬ϣָֻ࣬Ǹѧܹʲôʲô㣬αضôִš
ְ֡㣬ΪΩһˡһ㣬롭Զᶮ˵Ľ໺
ܹܲҸֶ̫ǳԣΪҪǣʲôֻǾҵߣҾѾоҸˣҪġǰ飬ҺܰҲܰҡЦ˵ûбĳ˼ֻƽģҸ֪֮˱˴֮⣬Ҳб˵Ĵڡ롭һ㣬ְ㣬Զᶮ
ûзԼ׵˼
ֻںظȴȫһζԭ㻹ڹְְ֡ãҪǸŮһҲԣҲһͬһ飬ҵҪǸСŮֵܹܲȥ
ûлشΪ֪ʵʤ۱硣
հʱ䣬֤һС
ôʱ˵滰ɡ
ӣôһһȥ
ְ֪Ƿʲô˼
͸һ飬Ӧ֪ˣ֪ˡ
յĸĸֿĻҪնϾϵ
֪յĸĸʦλʦĺϲŮ顭ҪܺѣûȰգȻȸĸؼȥɡ
Ǹղ
ҲǵһοշƢ
ȻǶǶԸĸƢ
ܡĸĸҲǵһμƢɣǶһ㶣ֻȴҲһ䣬Ժ㶼
˵νҲںϡ
㡭ͬһѧĸĸںġҲ̵ֻѧѣԼҪʲôϲԵĲˣϲĻ̵ģĸĸһ֪
ֱ˵û˸ĸûǸ˵ҵļңûйϵֻҪкСߣô˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
Ը绹Сһӵһļͥ
֪ĵź־壬һޣ㱧С˵ð˵ҲֻҪСҵߣҾͻãܰİ
ܡľɡ
޳
˵ǡ
ǹ̫ҸһЩ
ֻǡ̫磿
Ǹ⡣
Ҳǡעɣ
죬պͺСսķչˣһȥӤƷƷ㿪ȥ˽ԶһĴ̳
ؼҵʱϵ̫˳
ȵʶѵʱֻõããһƬѾҽԺˡ
ߣûк磬ֻ
˰ôûвŵǷһЩ
ͷеΡ˦˦ԴԼһЩ
ҽ˵е𵴣ͷ󡣻Сͷϸոշ룬Сһ˿ѿˡ˵ţһͷЩллأѹˣɰҸˡ
ôҽԺʲôˣأ
ҰȥԵİɡ
أ
ѧ㡭֧֧ģǿŸ˵ӣֲģһᣬɴֱӸˣˣһǵĳײˡģѧҲûʲô¡ûʲôˣǺأġءҲҽԺĲڣҽ˵ҪúϢþ
ȥ
Ȼסգǵˡ
ţ
ŴЩԿڣ⻰˵˵Ըգ˺
ʲôǵˣ
ѧǵˡʧˡ

ҽ˵ʱ򡭡Բܵˡǡʧ֢ʧ֢ɥʧļ䣬еֻڶҪûм䡣
ǵˡʲô˼
˼˵֪˭ֹ㣬˭ǵˡ
ôܣǰСʱŸһģôܻǵˣվĪֱǿЦ
ôܰ
ġ˵ޱ棬ȥˣ˭֪ҲʶҡķСձǰȥˣǡС˭ǵˡϧġΡ
ҪȥվԼ򶨣ֶڷ
աǵǰȥˡѧġȥ磬ظҲڳԲŷԼȥ˺磬ڸҪȥܡ
ҡظԸںĲſڣ˵׼κ˼硣
ˣظĿģڸ֪Ҫøȥ
Ϊǲøռġ
ΪʲôΪʲôҲܼ
ѧİְҲڡԸѧĲſڣκ˶Լ硭ر㡣
ҧҧ˫ܳȭͷͷʹ
ԽԽʹ
ҡֻһ档ֻһͺãòã
ġҪøյˮǡϣʱʧһʼĥϣ
ҾȥĻҾͻ
áŸ´ȥ˺ڵĲ̫Զֻǡһһҡ
˼˭ԽȥڲſڵװڣһһѸյ⡣
ֻֻһͺˡӡӾͺˡսš
ϧǣſڵװˣΪ
Ŵ
ߵһߣĺ磬磬磬Ǹգ㲻ǵ𣿻С㲻ǵ𣿸ǵĺӣѵҲǵ𣡣
ûһɫĲţ˴ˡ
ǣ߳ˣȴǺ磬ĸס
ˣС粻ġظţߵյǰ˵ͬʱڲſڵ˵غãոյ飬Ҳٿ
ǡ
ظŸȥҽԺ̨
죬ܺą̃Щۡ
Ŭ˺һԼϰĹߡ
ûиڸߣվ̨űߣ͵
˭ĳظûȥգеŭѾڿյһ̣ȼˡ

㣬ʱ˭ĳ
ҡյͷ
áܺáظЦת˵Ժ㲻ҪټŮˡ
ҡҪ˵ЩʲôеҪЩʲô
㺦𣿡ظʹԼŷȣ22꣬ΪһŮһŮ˵ȥ˭ÿЦŮһ𣬻˺ӣǻСµǸӣĿЦһж㺦á
ڣСҽԺĲϡʲôǵˣѣ룬ҵ˿ȫһŰֽǵģ˵ģΪµǸӣѾǵˡӸ߸ϵĴС㣬ΪôƽӹܣҪ˷̳ЦЩ㻹ûкôظҧгݵ˵
ҡԲ𡭡պЩʲô˵Ҫ磬Ҳ롭ҪǸˡ
ôôܻҪ
ǡ
鵽ز
ա͡
еģҪ˵ĻǼȲ԰ġ
ڡţ˻ţһ֮⣬Ѿʲôûˡ
յͷŬסᣬܿޣҲҪޡ
㲻ܻСġظûȥգҲãҲСø˭ǵˣҲһ¡鷳㣬ԺҪˡ
֪ûʸ˵Щǡġ㣬Ҽһ棬ֻһͺˣҸ˵仰ȷû飬Ҿ뿪㡣
һˣζţûûҡ
㣬Ľȥһ̣Ѿˡ
߰ա
ôء
ϥŵأ㣬ֻҪҼһͺˣֻһ档㡣ס᲻ҪޣǡͲģˡ
һĻܵյߣʲôû˵ֻһҪѸ
ǲ⡣
ǡΪԭԸеѹ
ΪҲΪ硣
Ϊǰ
ֻøռһѧ㶼ֻǼһѣ˴ŵ飬ҡѧҲѾʶˣ͵ֻһ޹صˣȥŶãʲôãֻǼһͺˣ㡭ԼŸգʼղΪҲڰĵ
ֻǼһ棿Ҿ̫ʴȣֻѣ˽صľ棬ѾһΣûȫŮѾ御ˣΪСĸףҲٴһΡ
ظ˵ĺǾ顣
Ҳøվã
ֻҪһͺˣֻ뿴û¾ͺã˵仰ͺãȻҾߣҽԺҲˣ㡭
ܿϧǣظûжͬģȥյİ
С飬͵ΪֹˡİɣҲСģСڰʲôҲãÿԽᣬ¿ʼһ㲻Ҫˡظɫ˵Ǹӣ㡣
ǸѧģҲŮѵҲ𣿡пܵĽ뵽ظ׼պͺһ뵽Ωһ㡣
û뵽ĸףȻѪֵزʮ»̥ĺӶܡ
һʹˡ
ѹֵ֪ڸսҲûֹ
Ϊ粻ġ
ԣɴúѺӸǸӣ˵ҲǿпޣûĴڡ
ںǸӵ
ŮӣҵŮ鶼ûĺӣظЦ˵֪֮ǰСĹϵҪã˵ǡСΩһѣǡΪ˱СҵĹȥʲôϵԡԺҲ㣬ҪٳСǰˣְֵģϣлָĿܡԣȥصһУĨɱ
˵Ժ󣬺ظ뿪ˡ
ôá
⣬ôۡ
ǡܶ飬Ѿһˡ
һֱάϥƣߣʵڲ֪ԼӦ˵ЩʲôҲ֪ܹ˵Щʲô
οô
οϣˡ
ʹ࣬Ͳǿοܹġ
յʹ࡭޷ο
С㣬лл㡭ʱ򣬻Ըҡ˺ܾúܾãõоյΪǻ
㻹𡣡
šյͷûȥϵᣬΪѾɵˣоţҲˡ
ΪʲôҪ˵㿪ءûмհôءʵڲף֪ظͲϲΪʲôҪ˵ֻȥǺظŭء
Ϊİְ֣˵ûҺûогԼôԭ򣬡޷һ㡣ΪԼԼԡô˵ңҷܸӺһЩ
㰡
ô᲻ء
֣һЩ
֮ԵģǸеھΰ
С㣬߰ɡҵġλûءҺˣҾͳԺؼҡչɵĿ˵
ĵĿֻԼ֪
㡭û𣿡Ǿúܵġ
ûеĴ󳳴֣ƽ״̬˵ǰ
ҵȻû°
Ȼû°
ôܹء
ܹ¡
һҪչСءΪģս͵԰Ǿԡµġ
Ժ󣬸աľǷһ㣬ÿ컹˵Цģ֪ÿ뿪ֻһСٻʱ򣬶ܹӸյϿۣۿ
ֻǡѡղ˵ơ
աѡ˸ͬһԺ
죬ڱڵذΧ֮£뿪ҽԺ
վԶ
밡ǡమġս֡
ա磬վ˲ͬ·Ժ󡭡ƽߣ޵죬ȴԶҲཻĽڵ㡣
ǣֻԽԽԶѡ
ʼշĲ¸յ״̬ԣԴӸճԺԺʱȥչСա
Ҳвʱ򣬱ϾѧҵҪϷԡʱ򣬻ǸһչСգķûдˡ
Сձظǲͻߵʱͬʱ͹һţ֧Ʊ
ûи߰ľܾ
Լá˼顣
յӦð֧Ʊˤ˵ϣȻºݻԾԸ̬߰չԼŶ԰
ǰ׵ǡ
ҪǮ
סԺķã渶ģ뱣ķнˮſԼò̸չСգҪǮ
Ǻʵ⡣
ûǮ
ĸǱߣβͷȥǡСգܡ
ԣʵϣѡ
ĺҪǮ
ʹԼΪȴı䣬ҲʹġһС
Сգ󡭡ңֻˡտԼŮһ˫۾ԼգѽգģЦţظա
ûϵһչ˺ġӽԺһУһһᱣģ㱻κ۸ĳŵ
ΪԼġ棬ӵһԼ˵ҸļͥһɰŮ
һУڿ̫Цˡ
ʧȥ˺ĸա
ѾһС
ǣûйϵ
㣬ѾһУǻᣬúչǵŮġ
ӴԺøҸֵĳ󣬾ǸΩһĿ꣬
ڡȥһ
͵һΰɡ
һ翵ξ
밡ڣˣҲӦûصʵˡ
ֻһΡ
ֻΡ
лҪ˵
գһݣ첹ȫ˸¡
⣡мҪ飬һС˵ˡ
ˡ
Ҫһ£ľǸո˵ĺӡ
Ҿͼ򵥵Ľһ£ɣУյϸˣھоҾͲ˵ˣϾȽ鷳
ȣ֪ӵԱȾɫϵĻģнأŮأкһشҶ֪
Ϊʲô˵һأ˵Ⱦɫ壬£һԸһĸģҲ˵ŮʵзģȾɫġ
ʵϣûоӣûУȾɫĴڣŮŮҲǿӵģ̫רҵ˵ǣֻҪһԸģȾɫһĸͿˡ
Ϊγ̥˵,Ǳ,ӲǱ
һ㣬ŮûУȾɫģŮŮֻŮӡһûа취ģҸʵҲҪŮŮɰѽԴС
ȿȿȣ˵ƫˡ
һ£ûҸƵ
ֱӽγ̥ز,ҪһЩֶ
8ǰձҵ̥ܷƬ,ɹ˺
о֣鶯̥ҪH19Igf2ııĲԲͬԱȾɫ塣H19ĸ׵Ⱦɫ壬Igf2Ը׵Ⱦɫ壬ԭǻӡǡĸȾɫһλһڵ׽ϣIgf2ıٽH19ıڸȾɫϣӡǵĲͬڵײܽϣӶʹIgf2ԱH19ܵơ
--ʱоĶ
ʱòһЩֶ,һH19ı,ɹʳ
ûȱ.
ΨһͬľͱȽϽС,
ԭ
⣬һҪ˵һ£ɣУӼ޺ǰоĽ
ҲнйصоȥʵѾɹˣȻСʵģмʵ飬һ飬ֻĸɹˡ

Ҽǲ̫ˣŮŮӣ˵Ǵڿܵģмģķ֮һĳɹʣСʵ飩
Ϊ⣬ûа취ٴʵ顣
ԣ˵СǸոĺӣһ۴ڵǰ֮µġ
ģȻЩǿеģôӵ趨۳֮չˡ
дΪС˵ԾͷΪС˵飬Щ۲ſԲֻǳΪۣǳΪʵڵ顣
һ㣬ϣ½⡣
ϡ
Ȼ˵һһ£дһµʱʵúѹ
ͦġ
ʵĿǰ״֮µһְֽˡ
дһµʱ򣬻ġǡоѹˣҡסǡФͣĵĸ衣
˫ر
оǺìܵĶ
ĽమܹĭҶͬܵ
ִڵĿмʵġ
ͺñҲкܶȻһġ
ҾãܲͲɡ
Ϊ
ʱҲܹߣȥҩ͵߶ҪüСʱ
Ҿǣ֣һӵ
Ҿĵط
ͬкõĽ֣ҶԴȴű۵
ͬǡоҲѰ
ʵ˵׻ηɡ
ԼģŲ궯ģη尮˻ûҡ

Ҳµģش⻷ڰɣҸлͶ׵İ
һ¾СZСþòǲǺ

ึˣٷһƪİԤյƪʵСZСƪӴٷŵһƪҲƪĶӴ
ҳϲּƪĸо
ڴ?ϲĻղһҵİɣлл?


83 
ǡµ, ˵ˡνһЦ, ô, ûеôӰɡʵֻһ̫൱򵥵顣
Ǻ, Ҳܼ򵥡
ԡǭZȼžáӵѹ
һò׻ص˹ȥ, ԭΪһе飬൱ײŶԡ
ǡû, ·ԶҪ, ̫ˡ
ǰʱ򡭡Լų
һأ
ǭZȼͻȻáЩ
һı̫, ֪Է㣬᲻ոһ, ʵ
ǡס, ʵϡȻʲôǵ𣿡
š
һ˲䣬ǭZȼáϣϲƵ, ոеˣѾš˵, ʧ, СյһѾǵ, ǡȴһεϲ㣬㲻áע˵𣿡
ֱߵĸ߽űűǸոҪ͹ĺƣһں˲˵û
ע˵顭ô
עĻ, ôôֿء
Ǳ˵ҵ˰ɡ¶ЦݣǭZȼ˵ʲôⰡ
ʵû⡣˵Ҿáû⣬Ҹ֮䣬⡣
ร⵹øվӱ
ܡ룬ǲǡ̫һЩʵ˵Ҵûһһܼ򵥵飬ԵҸ˵˵ɡȻûеĸҾܾĴ𰸣ǹҶģ෴ءȻһڴӦ˵áҺܸˣǡ
ǡãһ㶼̸
ȫУȻܶҡǭZȼЦΪֵһƣȻҲ߽űɱҲǡջΪֿѵԭ֮һɣ
ʶʱ򣬾һָоǻ඼ܶԷ
Ҷ㣬ֻǡҪ˵ĻҲá֮ȻɣǱͨĽùϵҪ࣬Ҫ˵֮ദĻָо֮Щʲôž֣Ѵϣδĸоɣ

ǭZȼԷ֮䣬
˵ͨãǸǡ
˵˵ĻԶ
԰ҾãҸദĺܺãһ㶼û⣬ȴҾáЩʲôңӦҽӦʵ̫졭ҡûġǭZȼ˵
ûģԼǶ
šаɡǭZȼסԷʲôʱϲģһ㼣ûУ׽ͷԣһΣֺܵĺܻɣԷǲϲԼϲҲֺ֣ܶԷûз֣Ƕ
š֪ϲӦͦ˰ɣ֪ǰôԴģѵֻǵİô
ǰǰʱ򡭡ˣǰҲȫǵذšȽʲôҾ͡Ǹʱ򻹺СڡֲСˣô
ޡһҶҶӡ
㡭ǭZȼյĵ٩е㺦ߡ
ڡҲҡҾãĻû׼ԶǸСӰɣϾҲСΪĳڰǰǶӦİɣų⣬ھͼǰ·£һҪǳɹأͼ£Ҳͦõô
ǡؼڣһ㶼ҪСӿǭZȼ̾һҸһܡ˵ǡҵڷй
û˵
ǭZȼ˶˵ʱ򡭡ǲԾûʶİɣ˵һЩǻҵСӣ˵Ҳȫһ˶С˵ҽʱķֲ塭ǲϲҡͬңҲŴӦҪģ
á۹⣬ǿˣǿһСӣ˼𣿡΢㶣û뵽ǭZȼķӦô
šѾһˣҹʮˡΪʲôͲܹҸһԵȵλء
ֻһϰߣҲ˵ء
ʲô˼
ҵ˼˵С͸һһ𳤴áѾΪһϰߣԳݡʽ㽻̸ǽ㣬ΪһϰߣҲ鲢ûΪôأֻǡϰѡıġվ磭ģΪǭZȼ
ʱ򡭡˸֮䣬̫ˣҲδһ°
ҡҲûʲôõİǲǳ飬Ҫȥ֤Ϊ鱾һʵûбҪΪ֤֤
ǡҲ뱻СӰ
ҵʶ˵ǰķʽһˡ飬ͻ
ǭZȼüƺͦеӣšԺ֮УԲһ¡ַǷС
ˣ߰ɣҽ˵̫ˡ˵ѾˣҿɸҵŮ֤ڣؼҰһø鹦ء
ǣʮТĸסҸݰɣҲһȥˡǭZȼʵ̫ĸյ״̬
ôҰû°
֪û°ǡͺ£ѼӲ̫ʹˣҾȥа
аɡ
˵ţ˽ˣ˴ݣǭZȼȰѸոͻ˼ңһ㶼԰ѸͽҲڣѸӸ硰չˡ뿪Լؼҡ
صԺӶ˻ԲԷѹûʲôԷ
һϢ̫ЩͷʹֺѹֻԵĻԼķ䡣
˵ĹȥһһҲֻΡ
ǡǭZȼԷĹȥأ
һǭZȼԷûйȥ
ǰС
ԷǰҲһ
ųĲ¸ңֻһΡ
һ᲻ҲΣ
ǲǡ̫ļһЩأ
ԷƼô졭
һΡ
ô
һһΣ
Σ
뵽ǭZȼһѣ˫ۡ
ţһ˫֣Ķͷ
ج𡣡Ӷߴ
ǭZȼ˫ۣ¾۽ҵԴǡԷ㡣
ڵĴȥǣסԷ֣Դ֤йڡһֻһΡ뷨жôʵʡ
𣿡ԷͶеĿ⣬§סԲûкúÿǵĸܣԺ󡭡һעҸ˵ġ
ҲǶԵġ
ǭZȼ侲ͻȻʵ˵Ķԡ
Է㡭ֻϰ߶ѣȻողԼĶߣ˵ԺעԼ˵ʵϡסԼһ̣ѾڡϣҲԼˡ
ȷͻ
ǡ̫ϰ߱˴˵Ĵˡ
лҪ˵

һСZС¶˸һͼ¶
ǰһΪҵԳˣ򲻿ֻ򲻿
һΪԼ⣡ǣ
ĪܴˣҲףǣʣʳˣ
ߣ
˵е㼱£ش𻷽ھһ°ɡ
ôôôգ˯
Ҫġղӣ


84 
ʵûϵǭZȼͷ, ܱǸ˵, ҵ⡣̫, Բ𡣡
㡭Էе졣
ʵ
ǭZȼ˺ܶ, ١Էôõġ
ҲΪǭZȼ֡족Է㷴ʱȥ, ȥԼӣڵټ˺ܶࡣ
ȾˣԷûлӦǭZȼĻ, ֻǡزҪǸ, ҪȥǭZȼǸ
šһ, ơ
˾ɶ𣿡Է˳һ䡣
ǣǺ͸ԼһԷ, һһ㡣ǭZȼϵζ, оҲðζء
աԷһȻģ
, ԰
㡭һֱϲաһ֮⣬㻹ϲʲôԷ, ǺƯ, ȷһһͻ˾, ܸɾŮӣ⣬ܺá
ۡϲʲô̫ݰɣҵѧ, õѣúܺÿԸҲܺãҸǳĺϵҮǭZȼԼţȻܹճΪôõѡ
GԷøĪԼûע⵽жᡣ
ǭZȼһᣬᰡǡΪʲôأԷĮı飬һĻЦ
֪
ѽ˵㰡ôԴ׳ԵϰǭZȼ̿ȻչȥһЩ§סԷ㣬û̫ܣڱϾڼǡţҪĺá
˭㡭һֱһҪõӡԷ㿿ǭZȼļͷ˵š
ʵհҲͦ˵գǭZȼ뵽ոڳԷʱ򣬸ոġйమ顣
ܾáѹ
ǭZȼ֪֡ѹĸоǴӺζҲΪܵ˸ո֮ĸȾҲΪһĪĸͬܰɡ
ʹְ࣬ҵҪһˡ
һһҪúõĸԷһ
Ļ
ѹ֮֡ǰһֱڰһֱ˵ϧǰˡ
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Էû˵ֻĬĬأǭZȼӡ
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ԷץסϺҲŵףЩʲôأ
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ʵ˵ܵġ
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ǭZȼ۵ڴԷȴЩͻȻ˵ڴ𰸣ֻЦŻش㡣´ο֣ĻҾ͸㡫
СǭZȼСţˣôô磿
ΪȽɰɡ鲻࣬ͻ˰Է˵˵ţʲôƵģ˶ˣСͮ˵ԼҺһԷҲһȥ˵Ҫ˵
СͮԼԷҲȥǭZȼû뵽ҦͮҲԼȻɣҦͮĹϵҲͦõģðСͮԷȥײȥȥ˭ȥ
㰡̵ͦġԷƵģǭZȼСǼ⡣
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ƣص
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ΪͺȥЩһ߳ӵḶ́Ҫ˵ȻҲǶ̶̼Сʱܹ˵顣
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ǭZȼҦͮôͻȻ;飬ôʶ֮ģɡԷ㰴˰֣ʾ˵
Էûѻ˵ָָ꣬㡣
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ֻԷЦЦȻߵǰ¶Ц˵Ҫˣϲ𣿡

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ţԱߵĲ輸ϰֻݻ͵֮ǰֻ»ᳳϢԡػˡ
Ҧͮͷû˵ʲôĬĬĿ˻
˶ʮδӵ绰ʮš
Ҳˡ
˵Ҧͮ翴ЩԡѡصҦֻͮġ
塣塣
Ҧͮһۼ㣬һȫûлرܵ˼󷽵ԼԱߣûа취˵绰
šû£ֻǴ̫һЩҦͮ΢΢ͷҲ֪ڿʲôطȴûѿ
ԡڰ¥˷ϢںˣֱԼȥͺˣһˡҡҦͮһۼ㣬ǡöרעĿԼһߣҵһѣҲڡţġãҲϢɣ
Ҧͮҵ绰Ժ
ֻʣһĬ
һԲ
ҦͮҲ֪ʲôҿӡƺһֱû˯ڣ롭װ֮ʲô¶ûȻڴʱ˿̡ʵûа취벻˵ʲôܹڵĳĬ
ƫƫ
ܹо߾͸Ƶģһֱûƿ
һΣáеΡ
Ǽ㣬˶ʲôû˵ֻḧסͷ
ȥϴˡҦͮѡˣ㿪
һȥԡҡ
ٴԡ۳ʱѾǰСʱ֮ˡ
㻹û˵
Ǹԡ֮ǰһƣһ
ϴˣƽ
Ҧͮͷȥϴˣˮȡ
ûϵҲġ˯⣬ָָԵλã˯ɡ

Ҧͮԥ
֪ӦӦ߹ȥ
ԥá
ʱ򣬼ȴԼ˹
ԵģҦͮĶͷȥ˲£ð¶Ȳߡ
Ҧͮȴ̲סüƲƲ죬ȻԼߵߣ롭ֵʱֳ롣
㲻𡣡
ôᡣ
ǡڶҲü
ˡ
˯ɡԱͺˡ
ҦͮһȥҲڴʲôӣԡۣߡ
ôˣҪȥ򿪷֮ǰһס
ٿһ䷿Լס֣룭


Ļֱ˵ҴɳϾͺˡǭZȼ󴲷ɳһ輸
㻹ôҦͮתż㣬۾е㷢졣
ʲô
ɲԣҪٶôãҪôǨңҪôˣ

֪֪Һʹ֪֪жʹࣿҦͮ˵˵ţ;ίˣ֪֪ҾҪö¶ľģܹƿ㰡
ҧ촽û˵
Ҧͮȫſš
㻹ֱס
ʲô˵
ϲ㡱Ҳǡ
һ䡰ԲҲǡ
ͳͳ˵ڡ


Ҧͮҭ˺һʼǿҪرסƿ
Ҫôá
ֻжڵϣһԼĻ
ӵУͲʧȥ
ֻҪرס㣬ͲẦĻ
ѾŬҪܾˣٶãġ
ǰһֱãϲһˣһõ顣
ǡϲǸˣҲϲأ
ϲˡȴء
Ҧͮףϲ㣬һ˵飬ԡ¼޷Ӧ¼ϲˡͲҲԹü㡣
ǣܲˡ
Ȼ㲻ϲңﻹҪôã
ҵĺãֻұԽԽԽԽҪ뿪㡣
ġ㡣
һ仰˵ֻùҦͮߣԹķй
ǡҸԼΪʲôôûáΪʲôȥϲ鶼ԼĶƲˡҦֱͮ͸ˡҲ֪ЩǶԼ˵ģǶԼ˵ġ
á
̫ʹ
ʹȴǡ
һʼһ׷ĻᣬûС
Ҳ˵
ʵһʼˡ
߶ûи
ѾһͿء

ˡ
֣ʹͱ˵ĸоסʺϢС

Ҧֹͮͣ˿Ժ
һվЩģǹ̫ã˰ɡ
ôֱ߳˷š
Ҧͮ˵Բ
ΪԲ֣κ⡣
ֵǸĻ˵ҲֻԼЩѣҦͮǻѹ
ҡ
ҦͮҪģͲġԲ𡱡
˷Ժû뿪ǿűߣشš
̫أԡЩ棬ҲͲٳٶ޷
Ҳ
죬Ӧý˰ɡ
ȵ糿㣬ӿڴóֻ
㿪Ǹûдȥĺ룬һϢ
Ȼ󡭡ڸԷǭZȼڵķãֻŵʾ˻ţȥ˶̨
̨Ҳ˭ܽģΪǣ֣ɣйˢ˿ͨ
Ұ
š
㡭𣿡
ҡҡͷźһ¶ЩͣԺǰɫģ컹Щɵģȴ䡣
ֻýš


˺һ
ǭZȼе㷢䣬òУͲˣҹģ˵ûʲôֲ죬Ҫ˵Ļ㻹أӦ÷ۺ찡Ҫ㼾ϣʱ̨磿
Ƿ˰
л˵ƨţٲҾˡǭZȼֱţİ
ǡЦЦ
롭һ⡣
콲ǭZȼЩͷʱҲú˯Ҳú˯ҦͮˣôҲܹ˯Էɣ
֮ǰ˵֪ϲһˡôģϡ۾ƭ˵ġ԰ɣ
԰
۾ƭ˵ģ
԰
ǡΪʲôһֱϲ㣬ȴ

棿

ǭZȼֻҹģһԴˡ
±ư
һ±ư
ʱ򣬼תһ˫۾ĿǭZȼ
ǭZȼˣƽһΣһΣƿԣǰ͡
ޡ
ڡ񡭡˵Сʡ̫еӣ
ɶɶɶ
ո˵ϲ
ġһ㶼ûвء
ҲûǭZȼʲôӦ
ֻǹԵ˵ţЩֻһ˲İ
һ˵㣬ǴԷĿ֪ġãһֱ˵㣬ĽʱҾ롭ǭZȼһһˡҺ㣬ĽҴӾùϲ
һμ㣬Ҿ֪㲻ϲң߸е˵ǣҡҲȻǰóĬȴʼգ̲סҪȥ㡣㣬㽡
СʱҾͱҪΪˣǡ㡯ʣ̫ڿ㡢һЩʼҲĿͷ򣬾ˣΪɸĸһ뾡Ŭȥǵڴ㣬ɾ飬ҳ㣬ҲȤһôģҪȥһˡ
ϸ˵ǼĴ࣬һ뷽跨Ĵ浽ĵ绰룬ҽŵһϵ㡣ǡŲ֪ɣ˺ܶܶĴ£ԷһҲǣҾáܲһΪǽãϵܺãֻ֪ҪԷĻͿ֪飬Ҹ˽㡣
ǡҺˣ㲢ûΪҶ˽⣬ԼҶԴ֮͸¶Ľ֮Ϳֺöоʲô෴أøңûаĿͶ뵽ҵϹҺܴҲˣҴûҪףΪҵĿҲЩǡϵǣûв

ֱ죬롭Ҵ֪ԭ򡣡

Ϊ˵۾ƭ˵ġ֪㲻ϲҡϲˡԷ԰ɣЦЦûʲô˵ı飬̹ܶ࣬ÿΡҿʱߡûԷƿǰ;á֮䲻̫һΪǽõĹϵֻǸá
˵ûдϲҺСʱʼҾϲˡȻ֪Ϊʲôϲһ㶼ûвϲϲԷ飬ʵûʲôҪ
Ȼ򴽣һһʼѡ˷ҿԷ㣬ʵΪ֪ģѣȴΪˣϲ𣿡
ԡǭZȼ룬ô˵ҲûȻһʼἾԭΪǰš
ȵȡ
һ˵ϲԲȥԷ㡣
ǰʱ򡭡
㿿Է㡭ѵҲΪ
ԲԣȻ
˵ϲҡΪҺ㣿ңΪѧϰ𣿡
һʼΪûΪáȤɡ

ǰ񡭡Ҳǰ
һˣſǰļļΪʡʱ䡭
ǰʱ򣬼㲻ܻϲ
ǰû㡣

Ҫ˵ġѾ˵ˡ
öܣ˵ˣһ˲䣬Եءܵȫĵķɡ
ֻΪ
ʼǱʶ֪ûлᡣ
ҲˣϾĶ֣Է㰡
һʼûʤ㡣
ǰǸ
ǭZȼȻûϲǸʲôǡܾúòˬ
㣬ϲ
ȻںҪһ£ʵ
ţ
Ҿá㲢ϲҰϸĵչҦͮǸǭZȼԺš
ǸҲ˵𡣡
ʲô
ϲһˡôģϡ
ţ԰
ҾãֻǡҪ˽ңϲҡǭZȼգգ۾˵ΪϲҲɡңΪ㡭ⲢڣϲҰ
㣬㣬Ⲣͻ
ǡҵ˼ǡðɺðɣ˵ˣ㡭ոǡڸҸף԰ɣ
š
ڣȷľܾ㡣һ㶼ϲ㡣ǡǾԲܵġ
š
ոա˵ܾʱûоáѹ
һ㡣ܾͦĵĺơ
˺ѷأе̶ֳΪܾʹġܺ
ûС
԰ɣҾ˵㲻ϲҰǭZȼһģֵĲˣȻĳ˵ϲһˣϲ˾ܾʱʹĵʹôֻһ㰡ϲޣҲᰡ
㲻˵۾ƭ˵ôÿֵʱҶڿ㡣
Һ㣬˶ᷢġǱˡǭZȼرҪ˵ҡ۾ƭ˵ġ仰롭ûס
üʾ⡣
ǭZȼЦЦϲǡ۾ֻ㡭۾ҲֻܹԼӰ
Сͮ㣿ǭZȼѵ
ˣˣݰݡǭZȼҪܲˣ춳ˣľԴҪ벻Ͷȥɡ
ึˡǭZȼǲСͮҪˣǱ˵δޣ˯ʱɱռˡ

˵ġ
üظһ仰
˵ġ
ԡ˵δô
ǡûô
лҪ˵

ţ¸³һЩΪֲҸѣ
һ¸ա
ʵʱǱŪúܷ
ġ޷ס޷⣬һ˵Ļϵ
ҼǵǰһƵʲôģ˵һĻǴӣ仰ҲϣҲȷкַܶޣǴľİɡ
ǣ޷Ĵǡ
ǿΪһЩëƤС³ɿأڶԷΪԭôʱ򣬿޾ϸչ˸ġ
Ҫ˵ûа񲻶ԣΪԱ˴˹ġ
Ҫ˵аҲԣǶʱȴûпǹԷĸܡ
ġȫ޷⣬ҲȫҪȥ⡣
һĻɡ
ǿһаһȺܶΪ鵫ͥѵķ޻Ҫȹ̡
Ǻ۰
ҿŶ۰
˵Ժڣɶˡ
ЩʱΪһЩ飬һֱľáԺϰ˹ȶ˶֮Ҫȥˡ
ҸоǴԶᶮһ˵ڵĻɵ˺ĺֵ
ϣҶܹŬѧϰ͹㾭öȻຣ
˵ģö˼Ժʲô飬еĶࡣôĹǡ
Ըÿһ˶ԹԼҪ?
ɧҴ˸Բҡ
ϻٸһ£дССZ


87 
ǭZȼһ§סԷ, ڴ, ˾֮˯ģ, ֺֺЦġ
Ҳѵôɾˡ
Էöûôˡ
֮ǰǾ, ԷС˵Է, ˵һֱԼɡ
¡Էʵϲ
¡ԷֻǴΪԼõİ˰Ϊǰ顣
¡һ, ԷһͻȻȻⲻǰ, 뿪ô졭
ǵʱ򡭡Ҫô졣
˵סǲš
ǭZȼʼնûа취, šԷĵϲ޷ȷԷϲ, Ϊ顣
ոڣˣԣ, ҦͮǾ䣬һƭԼƭ㣬뱻һȡ
ʱ򡭡ɡ
ȶ, ǻԷǰһء
˭˭䡣
ȻǭZȼˡ
ֻǡ̲סǰ顣
ҲΪܵҦͮʱĸȾɡ
ϲʮֵĻ, ǭZȼ˵ԷϲʮֵΪ, ǡԷأ
ǭZȼ֪
ȥ²ûС
ҪȵĻ, ٱǰҪ̫ࡣ
ǰʱ򡭡ǣ
֡
µǡ
ǰġ֡Զֻǣܳ֡
ôĻǭZȼ־áοһЩ
Ҳֻǣοѡ
Էɢŵͷ, ǭZȼȥ¶毺񾲵ݡ
ô͡ôϲŮء
ǰϲһ
ϲӡ
ʵҪ˵ÿĻǭZȼҲʶŮ
հվ
ıԷ
Էǡһ벻뿪ˡͻġ
ǰʱѾ֤һˡ
Ůˣ
ʲôǭZȼգһЩУԷ΢΢۾ڿԼ
û
ţƭңΪ˾ƵĹϵҲΪԷҦͮ˸Ĺϵ˿̵Щ˻ƣǶ˼ԸУסǭZȼգͷƵ
˵˵
š
ǡ졭оƽ̫һ
һﲻһ˰Է㲻
ǡںöࣿöࣿ桭ǴûпԷ⸱ӵģ𣬼ֱҰ
ǭZȼʱԷҦͮ˻żǺʱãŮ˶ˡ
أʧ𣿡ԷջظǭZȼյ֡
ûаֻǵľáûпӣúʡ
ʡǡԺûʸء

ﲻ˵
ǭZȼûԷƵǵͷսԷǰᣬ㡣ȻԷһ˵ţ

ʰԺˣÿ춼һΣ鿴

㰡ԷƵЦš
ǭZȼԷЦˣȻҲЦˡ
㵽Ϊʲôô谡СͮҲǡԼõģһ𡮷ŷҡ𣿡
Сͮġѵ㿴ô
ǭZȼ㶣ȻͷҲûЦݣšоСͮ졭һ춼ڳЦݣװܿĵӡ
ǰʵһֱôģһֱ֪ڱףСͮҲ˵ܷգֻǡû뵽ǣôһѣҾµ׾Ͷ飬̫ˡ
ǭZȼҲֻ̾̾
̾ʲôûбȥסԷͻȻЦˣָȥ˴ǭZȼա
Сͮ㶼˱ˣ㡭ʶԼѿڶĻǭZȼס졣
ҡôҲ°ֱףԷǭZȼԡ
š
㲻Ҫ£Ҳȥ׵ġҴӦ㡣ԷǭZȼСԴ
ǭZȼȫעĳԼģȥ
Сʱ򣬾һֱ£עӳġ
ǭZȼ롭һֱԷעţԡĿУͺˡ
ǵʱ䲢ȴܲࡣ
һǽǭZȼԷ§Լ
С㡭
ţԷ㿿ǭZȼļͷһƷ˿ʳָϵƳȦֽ⿪ƳȦֽ⿪˷
㡭Сͮú̸̸𡣡
̸ʲô
Ǹ㡭
СZⲻһܹȥᣭ֣顣Է΢΢ֺ̾γҪȥȰȰҦͮء
ǣҶóСͮ㲻ԼҪģֻǲѡ
ǰ㶼ĳô᲻֪ءǣСͮȻ˾ҡҲ˾֪ͨһȦѣ˵Ѿ׼ȥȰĻҺ»ᶯҡľġԷ͵ҪǡҶҡľ֮أܸҪĽˣҡԲôᣭ֣飬ﲻСͮ
ǡҵĻҿܻᡭҪȥᣭ֣ɡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊѹ
ţԷ΢΢̧ͷǭZȼ
ȻСͮԼľһʱ򣬿ֻܾҪôһεĻᰡȻȥȡһµĻΪʲôȥءҲһͳɹء


ô￴Ҳ˵ǭZȼҲؿԷ㡣
㡭Ǹд
Ϊյ飬ܾãȻлĻﲻȥԿأʵҲֻǼ仰飬֮ͶѰո֮䰮̫ΣǭZȼϧҲ֮еΡ

ѽ˵ĵɣҲǲ޵ԷסǭZȼ֣ûСͮĶҡ˵ĻȴȻòҪĽʱҪôķأ
⡭Ҳǡ
һˣ̸װ
òµľģʹ˴ƵĻô´Ρľô
ȷԷ˵Ҳе
ǡĺÿϧ
ҵĻһſֵġǭZȼıǣסԷֵƣʮָۣҽ˽֡
ҪĶԷľġ
ζᶯҡġ
ϣԷҲܹľġ
ģԼʮ֮һûУҲûϵ
ֻҪУǺõġ
šǡְԷ㽫ԼǭZȼʮָ۵֣ŵǭZȼǰ
⣿ǭZȼüͻȻЦƤһֻȦסԷ㣬ȫĵԼĻ棬Ǿ𣿡
š⡣
ҷ֡СҲкСӵһء
а
а
ûа
аɰһ氡˵ţǭZȼȥ
лҪ˵
ɣ
ҽѾһָ
ǰģҪ뿪Ӥѣ
Ȼ˵һ°Ҫڼʰɨ֣
ܸĻᾡµģܸҾͷں
û»µķݡ
˵
ӭʱҵ΢˽һȺɧӴ
һҪȥϴͷ
˯
һµпһһظˡ
ллҡ

Ŷ˶ˣСZСþûˣһ£һҲСZС㣬ǿܻҦͮͼ㡣
˳˵һ£ϲҦͮͼİǣڻûİһƪǸãС
˵һ£֮ǰ˵ϲպͺ磬ǵӽдһƪģ
ҪдǵĻһʼУ԰ϾǵĹȥûϸдҿԽܵĻ߻ʲô뷨ĻҾһ飿
˵һ¡ĬĬһ䡭ûп־˵аҪ𡭡еĻʵԼӺܶ뿴ķʲôĶա
ҪĻҲûϵҾһ¡
ţ˵ľ
ҶҪ˯


88 
ϴϴ˯ɡӦú۰ɡԷǭZȼĻ뿪, ԡȥ
ǭZȼЦЦ, ͻȻһ˿, Էȥԡҡ
Է߽ԡҽ⿪¿, תһ飬ͱǭZȼһ, ﰡ·Ҳģվſڡ
ûа㲻˵Ҫϴ𡣡
ǰԷͷ, ϴ裿Ȼԡðɣ
šô鷳ǭZȼߵԷ, §ס, ȻյĶߣŵ, ر˵, ɴ࣬ǾһϴͺôԡҲܴ󰡡
Է㱻ǭZȼ˵ʱ, ŪûЩ̫ڣΪǭZȼ°ͷڼĵط, Щ, һ˿, ѽֲˡ
вһֱ
Ųǣ㰡ﶼԷĲǭZȼĹ硣
ôҪһϴôǭZȼִյԷĶ, ô˵ţûǹģΪԷĶѾʼˣǰҲһϴİѵΪڳˣˣ
ǰǰ
ǰʱǭZȼôС˭ᡭǸȥʲô
ڲһ˰ǭZȼšʮˣ÷ĵطҲѾˡ
ԷһϴĻԷþиŶġ
̫˺𡭡
òǭZȼʼԷ㣬Ųţ㿪ʼյĲ䣬

ԷɿǭZȼס֣Ȼ󡭡
Ƴԡ⣬á
šءһԡҵš
ǭZȼ̾һðɺðɡ
շ
šһԷ㡰̹ġ
ҲûãԷϴ裬һԡ߳ǭZȼӭȥ
ϴˣ
š
ǭZȼסԷ㣬ķ䣬һ㡣ԷûϴͷΪʲôܾԷء
ԷֻǵЦûлӦʲô
ȥϴˡ
ȥ
šȥ֮ǰȡǭZȼԷʺεıͷȥ
һʼֻǺܵԷ㣬ţͿʼģҧ´ҧԺģһ֮ǰҧĵطԷĴ
ǳͷģһοһҳԡˡǭZȼЦر
ȥϴ㡣Էø˵촽ǭZȼҧˡ
ǭZȼת˸ȻԷɾ֮һĴǡһ£ԷĴ㵣ȥԡҡ
ȵǭZȼϴŷ֣ԷڴѾ۵˯ˡ
šҲԡ
ѵÿԷոݣҦͮһһ裬Ҳһ鰡
Լ
ǭZȼ밡
ǡħ˰ɡ
ǻܶ࣬ǰ顣
Щ·ѾԶԶȴǵķ顣
ǰʹݰɡȥҹˣҹ겻Ǿ뿪ģǭZȼǸ˵ˡ
һ
ƣƵģҲΪ˵Ĺϵɣܵԭ򣬻ΪԷһ˰ɡ
ԣڵݰɡȥҹ飬ȤˣҲһ߳ԳԺȺȣ֣Ҳˣֻǵľһߡ
ܹһֱŵ㻰ͺˡ
ǭZҪԷһֱעţͬʱҲҪһֱעԷ㣬۾ĶԷȫ硣
ָо룬ǭZȼܵҸˡ
Ϊ˴УֻжԷ
ô˵ء
оһĪķΧɡ
˭Ǳ˴˶˵ԣһ֣֮˴˽˸޷ᣭ㡱ָоɡ
˾ãվǵԱߣɡࡱָо
뵽ǭZȼЦˡ
ȻԷ˵ˣ˲ӦȥӰҦͮľԴˣǭZȼ޷ϣԷ˵ģȷе
ʱ򡭡
¶ȥһ飬Ǻѵġ
ȻҦͮǺòײľģǭZȼȷӦȥӰϾ޷ȷȥӰ죬᲻ҦͮõԼҪĽ
˭˵С
һֽпܵġ
ô˵
ǭZȼûס˼һѣֻϣܹװɡ
ҪУҪģҦͮ
Ҳǡ
޷ӵСֻˡ
һܿµ顣
˵ЩܹüԼĵĻٺòˡ
ʼղ׵Ļ
Ҳûа취ˡ
ԷǭZȼ˼ǭZȼ
Щ·ֻԼߡ
ЩأֻԼ
Թˡ
˭ﲻ˭
ǭZȼҲһˣʣµľͿǵ컯ˡ
ôţǭZȼߵߣӵһǣ굽ԷߣסȻ۾˯ˡ
֡֡֡
֡֡֡
ǭZȼԺ۾
˴û룬ʶԼĶֵһԵĴͷǰùֻ
ЩֻĹ߱ԵôۣǭZȼ۾ȥŵݡ
һδ֪ĺ롣
ΪǭZȼĵ绰ûд롣
ϵ֣Ȼţ
˼ҹ㡣
ЩҪ˵
Ļһ¶̨
㡣
㡣
㣿
ʲôʱ򡭡ĵ绰ģ
ҹģ
ŹǸʲô˼
ѵҪȨ
ǭZȼһʹӴˡ
дҹĽȥ̨Ȩ
Ժ˼⡰ˡȴ
ûһ֮ͣסˡ
Ҳˡ
ǭZȼ¡ոŵǼ㡣
Ϊ
˵áʱ
Ҳյŵ֮
ûж룬ǭZȼż·ͳȥˣֱ̨
ǰû취һҶԷһˣҿ㻹ô
ϱǭZȼıȥ̨Լʱʵ뷨
֪ǣԷҲˣֻѡ
Էûж룬оǭZȼ뿪ˣҲ˹ȥһ·׷Ҳ̨
ֻǣһֱվ̨űߡ
ǭZȼͼͷβĶԻԷ㾡ĲǺǴšҲ֪˵Щʲô
ʵԷôס
ǭZȼɵװɵ
ˣϲ顣
ƫƫǭZȼˣ˿ûио
ô
˵ãǭZȼϲԷӦø˲Ŷԣǡǡ⡣
Է㶼ѾҪǵãʲôʱϲǭZȼġ
ֻ֪ˡ
ϲǭZȼ
ֻǺܶ顭ǭZȼ֪ˡ
㳣˽£Ҧͮ˶ڵ£ǭZȼ顣
һʼԷû⡣
ֻǺ֡źۼԷ㿪ʼЩֵֹģֱ
ǭZȼԷġ
Ȼûʧ
㣬ĶǭZȼһ㡣
ߣǻǭZȼϣҲǭZȼӰ
ٵֵľ͸ˡ
ӦûؼܼҵӪģƫƫԼͬһط
Է㲻ûлɹҲϲֿܡ
뷨ܿʧˡ
ΪְλƽƽģȻڲͬĲŹͬ񣬿ȴͬݡ
ô
ΪʲôҪϧҲҪĲأ
ΪǭZȼ
ǣ˺ܶǭZȼ顣
̫ԡ
˾֮š
ģԵʲô̶أ
Ҧ֪ͮ
ǣҦͮԷ㣬Ҫģ顣
Էʱ򣬲ŷ֪ӺʱҦͮԹٻӦĻ⡣
ֱԶ˼㡣
Է㡭Ҳܹµԭ
ÿÿ뵽֮䷢顣
Է㶼ҪȥǭZȼݺݵҧһڣƫƫһֱûʲôȥô
ΪǭZȼҲظˣϲǺ飬˵ǭZȼ㹻㣬ϲ
ΪǭZȼĽ㣬͸ӦΪǭZȼеˣΪǭZȼô׽ء
ǲô˵ԼֻԷԼ֪ģܽ⡣
Է㣬顣
ǣܹôء
õ֮һǭZȼΩһá
޷ȥûз飬ȥ˭ȥ˭ˮġĮһУ֪Щ
ϾûȥףǭZȼҲȷûж
ⲢԷ㲻⡣
˵ǡǡ෴ģԴĲˡ
һ㣬˵ʵ֪ģǧǧ㡣
԰
ǭZȼ˵ɡ
Է޷ϡһ̵ų嶯Ӧˡ
ΪġЩ¡
ǭZȼӸ𣬾ͶЩõĸ飬׽
һ㣬Է޷ӣǡϾǭZȼĽ㣬ҡǸʱǭZȼ̫Сˣ֪ǭZȼǲഺ¶֪Դѽ֮鵱ϲ
ӣ

ӡ֤뷨Ƶġ
ǭZȼ˴ѧ֮ʶһաˣǸŮء
Է㶼òϣպܺÿܹ֮ΪƯֺÿ걻˷ΪϵֳƺˣòԸշ
ҲǭZȼʶ˸֮󣬱ԼԽԽ䵭
Щ׽˺ܶࡣ
˵ûС
ǭZȼ·˻˹ı߽硣
ٲء
Էģӿƽ
ƫƫһӵĲƣ޷˵ڡ
˭˵أ
õѣһ㣬һҦͮ
ϲǭZȼԷ㲻֪һ㣬ȥ߿ɣҡԷ㻹ǭZȼĽ㣬ʲôȥ߿أ
Ҧͮϲż㡣
ԷҲģԼķոҦͮ˵ϾĿ뷳գǭZȼйء
˵˵ĻҦͮҲζɡ
ֱԷȥףΪһ
Է㿴ǭZȼ̴ѧ֮󣬵һгƽĹӦҪ
һ̣Է㾹Ȼܵϲá
޷Լ˵
ҲΪѹŵĿƣۻŵķգԼ޷ԿصϲãЩӵ֮£ԷһΣ˳Լġ
ǽɡ
ð
ӦǭZȼ
š
֪
㿿ҵʱĵ
ԶҵʱĵĿơ
˵ϲҵʱĵϲá
Ϊ㡣
Ϊʵ
ҿܡҲ͡
ڲ֪Ӻʱ𣬾ϲˡ
лҪ˵

ʱ䲻ˣظ
ֱڴҵظɡ
Ȼ˵һһ¡
Сӽȥдĸܺ뷨һ¾Сӽǡ
ʵСҲܲװĵֻһ֪
ӣС㡣
˯
ôôգ;һţ
?


89 


ô̾ˡ
ǭZȼ, һ·߻ص䡣
Ϳԡ, һ, ŴԷ㡣
ǰ, ıһ§סԷ, °͸ļͷ˵, ôˣ
˯, ͡ˡ
Ҳ, ֻԷԼĶλλоԼʼնûаԼλá
ϺǭZȼоԷûʲô¶, ˵, Ҳô䰡
ܣҴ̫ЩɡԷǭZȼģϾڳĻ, ͻᱻǭZȼˡ
ʲôʱѵģǭZȼԷĲļ¶, ҳ𣿡
Էҡҡͷ, ʾû, Լ˯Ŷѡոգ˭ĵ绰𣿡
ǡ㣿ǭZȼԼְЩš
ϲ
棿
㣿
š
㡭𣿡
ûûаɡҲǡ°ɡ
ԷǭZȼôش𣬶˶٣Ųͷ, ǭZȼ۾𣿡
ðɡ
ţ
㡭
㣬ôˣԷҲ֪ΪʲôҪһ٣֪ʣʲô֪Ҫ׶ǭZȼʵ
˵ϲңǭZȼ˵ЩʱϵıЩŤ
ԼñŤ
ϲ㡭˵ϲ㣬ǡأԷЦʵĻشأ
ҰҵȻǸϲ˰ǭZȼ֣һƣ§סԷ㡣
Ҹ˵Ҳϲϲ㡣յԷĶߣءżֵЦְ˵ϲ㡣
Էû˵ϵЦݣȴʼů
ǡְ
֣
͡ĪôϲҰǭZȼǲףֱź
Ҳ̫ͻȻˡ
㲻ϲ㣬˵ϲ˭
㰡
Է㶡
ѵǭZȼƲƲ죬˿Դ飬ǰô׽һ£ȥĲţһֱΪϲ
㰡̫ࡣ
ܡɡǭZȼ޷Է̹ףǰЩ顣
˵ǰǰ˦ɫΪΪϲҿԷЦ
԰ǭZȼ̫ԸĳϵԺرίıʾ˭ô׽㰡
ȥЩ䣬һʱʱǭZȼңòϣеʱ򡭡ǻȥϰߣ磭ģȥǰļ䣬ڵķ顣
ЩΪȥʣӰֻǭZȼԼ֪Է㡭Դˣ֪飬ǭZȼҲ
㰡̫ɵˡ
аôʹѧҵɵ𣿡ǭZȼ
а㲻𡣣ʹѧҵ˵ģɵӡԷһһٵ˵ȻЦݣǭZȼĶͷ
ǭZȼͣʾԷҲӦСͣţûǲҪǡ
Եô߰Էʳָ˵ǭZȼͣûȥ
ո˵ǣ㡮ǰá԰ɣǡأôõģ
ڰǭZȼüͻȻеҾãϲСͮ㡣˵ҾϲˣһֱСͮҲ˵
รǴʦԼأ

ǭZȼȻԼ˿̱ԷϷˣΪԷһԿϷӡ
Ҹʾһ¡
ð
ǭZȼ˵ţͰԷ§øյԷǰԷҲԽԽ
㡭ǭZȼǰʼŴԷе㡭ˡ
ҪǭZȼǣ۾һ˿
ԷǭZȼô˵Ժ󣬵ҲرԵģûжˣǡȴԼԽԽ
ǭZȼֻԹԵأԷ㣬ֱܹоԷĺϡ
ĴûĴϣҲֻ༸ֵľѣʵؾУԷӽţΪƺֻҪ˵仰ܹǭZȼĴ
㿴ʲôǭZȼ˵ĴġԷĴ
ʲôˡʲôԷоˣĴҲ޵ģ䵽ǭZȼĴ⡣
㡣
ʲô
ҵֻ㡣
ҲԷĴҲ˵ʵáǭZȼĺô
ֻ˵ţ㿴𣿡

ġ⡱ǭZȼԷεߺֲɵȻ֪ǭZȼ˼׼ǭZȼĴȥ
һԭǡ
ܲǭZȼôθڡ
˺
Ҫסͺú
ǭZȼԷһʾ⣬ԡҲģӦԷǡ
ҧסԷ촽ռλ࣭ͷʼ£ţĴߡ
ܵԷͶ룬ǭZȼֺס촽ҧţҧԺ󣬱ֱֱİԷţӿš
ֱԷ鲻ԽķšǭZȼķſ
𣬾ոյ˼
ǡԷеգֻþƢһ˵ˣˡ
ǭZȼҲɵѾõһöȻþ
ҸողǸ˵𣬡ҵֻ㡯˼˵۾ֻСͮ㡣ôõǭZȼ͵ÿκһСͮ㻹мһʱС֮ͮ䣬ͺܲһ
ԭ㷢˰
ô˵С֪˰˵ǭZȼסȻԷ׵Ļﲻ˵أҦͮͼ㶼Ѱ
ΪҲʺ˵ЩЩ˵ʺϡ
һѣϲһѡ
һѣϲá
ҲϲԼá
ݣʺ˵Щ
ʵһԭǾǡСͮ˾ģҪ֣ҸĻԸ񡭡СͮϣǡСͮҪĲϣҪģϲ
Է̾һ˵СͮҪģͬ顣ǰԸĻܹԼʮİյĻôܹСͮģֻϣ˵㡭ͬ
¡㣬Сͮģ
ֹˡԷɫܸ㡭
ǭZȼ渴ӣǡҸոգѾ˵ô찡
֪Ҳû㶼Ѿ˵۾ƭ˵ġȻĻǲ˳Ȼɣϣ㲻Сͮġ


ôˣԷ㿴ǭZȼסģʵ
ô֪ģ۾ƭ˵ġ仰Ҹ˵˵𡣡
ԡ԰˵


ޡ֪ˣѹְС㡭ոôǭZȼִսԷǰ˵϶Ǹȥ͵˶԰ɣﲻϰѵǡԡסˣ
˵ǵĻأ
Էѵõ̹ףǭZȼеȡ
Դ˵ĻǾ˵СҵġռǿรΪұ𣿡ǭZȼһĵ⡣
֪ΪʲôԷںǭZȼôɪǼ˼
ҿЦԴˣĺܸˡǭZȼͻȻøУ磭
ʵҲɡ
ֻǡʹȻɡ
ǰʱԷĹϵԴס飬ǰ˸Ӵŵġ
ԡ
ոյ֪ԷΪ׵ʱ򣬳Դˡ
ĺøˡ
ġ
ģϲ㡣ǭZȼͷԷĲ֮䣬ϵϢ
·ֻˣܹţʱ˿̣ǭZȼԷ㣬మš
ţҲǡ
仰֮䣬̫ƽһӦˡ
ȴЩǭZȼҪ
Էĺ١ոֱ׵ıĸܸ
ԡŲס
ģϲ㡣
ţҲǡ
ܹõĻӦǭZȼ˵жҪ
ȱģݰȫа
лҪ˵
˼ڰҡʰ
ڽ
챾µġоʱе㲻
Ծ
һա
Ƽһ׸裬һµʱ
һֱڵѭ
оʺʺϼҦͮ
ǹ漵ѹϵ


90 
ص˷䡣
׼ȷ˵, ص˷ſڡ
ȴٳûˢ߽ŵĴ㡣
ܾá
ĺҡ
ǭZȼ˼˵
ʵ, 㡭һֱϲҦͮģ
ǡôİ, ʲô
ǡϲҦͮĻ
Ϊʲô, ôʹء
𡭡ףȻǭZȼܾ
Ҧͮѹ, øӵʹࡣ
ǭZȼ˵
ķӦϲҦͮ

㡭ϲҦͮ

㿿űߣܾ, ʼա벻һ𰸡
װ
ȵţࡣ
, Ƿ˰ɡ
Ȼܳȥͻ, Ȼվڷǰ, һ, ñõķ˷䡣
Ҧͮڴϡ
ֻбԡۡ
ĴѰҦͮӰѾ, ڵСɳϣĿ
ŵ, е͵һ, ΪҦͮ˯, С̺ӸҦͮϡ
ȴϣҦͮһ̣Ҧͮ۾
е㡭ף۾棬кѪ˿
ֻһ˲, Ҧͮ۾Ȼ󣬸еġ
ˡΪ޹ҦͮЩͳɳƣԵ̫ߵӡ
šùͣҲҦͮԱߵһСɳϣ˳ְͷСϡ
һɣҸոաȥġ
Ҧֻͮǿһð̻ͣؾ˵ˣҲ


ĬֻгĬ
밡ʱҦ֮ͮ䣬ڵ⸱ģ
ǰʱҦͮչ¶ǰģкܶģ˵ģģըëģĮģΩûֻԼ롣
ʱ̫òһõ顣
ΪòǡǴ֮䣬졣
ǡҦͮףǵ֮ĹϵͲҪòֶڡ
ꡣ
Ǳ˴ʶꡣ
Ѹ˽Է
ˡ׽Է
ܿϧǣҦͮˡ
мҪ˵Ҧͮȴ˳Ĭ
밡졭ԡ
Щ飬ֲ˼㣬ԼģԹ˭죬һ˰ɡ
ǽʱˡ
ȥʲôأ
ţʲô£ЦſҦͮ
ԲҲӦôԵġҡΪҸոգʧأʾǸ
ûϵûоĴ˵ĶԣҲáңܶûпܵûдáҡ
ǡҦͮնĴ˼˵ȥĻ㲻ã⡣
һ㶣Ҧ֪ͮôӻ
лл㣬һֱҵΣ磭ͣȡ֡λҦͮǷĵģлż㡣
ʵһֱҦͮдСƢˡ
һ㣬ҦͮԷ˵ദܹҦͮһϲΣ磭ͣȡֵˡ
ֻǣһֱ̫
Ҳ֪Ϊʲô
㡭ܹҦͮȫԼ
ǳġ
Ҧ̫ͮ࣬ԵûԭûеߵĵزǴ̼ҦͮҪ̽ߵĺƵģ԰ҦͮԽԽôߡԽԽ֣ҲֻԼ֡
ƫƫǺޱģҦͮеġôߡ
ǣΣ죬ҲҦͮһΡˡ
Ҫˡ
ҪٱòԼˡ
ûбҪ
Ҳû壬ô
Ҧͮ㲻

һֱԼģһԸѡ
̫档
Ϊ˵ģһֱһˣһֱڼߵĻ硭ôһϲ
ǣҦͮˡ
̫ס
ǲ
ϲϲ
ϲǲϲ
ı䲻˵ġ
š֪ҦͮΣ磬Σ磭ĶҲֻмѡ
ֻм㣬رġ
ԣҦܾͮ˺ܶ࡭ָ׷ߣŮãģϲģܵģҦܾͮˡ
飬ֻҦͮԷ֪
ʵ֪Ļλܹ֪
ϧǣšûע
Ҫϸ˵ĻôţҦͮǲϲˣֻǡģˡ
˽زȻѾ¶˾Ҫ֣ǾӦãúõ˵һټ
Ź㣬ҲŹԼ
ʶ㣬ĺܸˡ
ϲ㣬Ҳǡ
ܹϲ㣬¡Ǵûпʼ¡ûϲҡ
ɼˣֱڣһǡΪԼϲ㣬еˣʹĺۡ
СͮҲ֪ΪʲôҪڴʱ˿̽г֣ɾǡԿصģʶķӦ
㣬ԺǾͱ˰ɡȻҦͮӦ㣬Ҫֹǰˡ
ϲһ˱ͲнˣĽ١
ܡ
ԣýˡ
ΪʲôΪûа취Ӧ𣿡
ҦֻͮҡҡͷٶʲôͣҪȥô룬޹ˡ
ҲӦã޹ˡ
֮ҵĶ飬ҽ飬㶼Բ㲻ףңҲûйϵ
ҿΪڵ˼ǣҪһôĴ㵣Ŵûһ죬Ҧͮӡ
㲻Ҫ⣬ΪҾҪ㻮ޡڡˣҲڣ¶˾ģٻͷˡ
ܹٸҶһЩʱҡҸZȼ˵ˡڸոաšҲ֪Ӧô˵ǡٸһʱòãȥĻԼģǲӣ𣿡
Ĭ
޷Ӧ
ǡҲûܾ̾
Zȼ˵ܾңǡȴһ㶼ʹ࣬˵˵ʵҲϲϲˡһںǸˣΪǸ˶ܵʹ࣬ѹֻ㣬ѹʱҲʹ࣬ԡǲǡ㲻֪ԼӦΰĵ뷨ҦֻͮС׾Ľš
㣬
ҦͮվߵǰҲվҦͮƽ˫ۡ
СȼҦͮ΢΢Цһ£Сȼ˵ʲôǶСȼԼ뷨㲻ҪѱΪ飬ǿԼϡ
ǣҶ㡭
Ҧ֣ͮʳָָס˼Ҫ˵ȥĻģҪٸԼϣˣҲκΡٲϣĻ㲻ҪԼϲҡҲҪġ
ϲǡ۾ֻ㡭۾ҲֻܹԼӰ
㿴Ŵ˿̣վԼǰҦͮĪ˸ոǭZȼ߹Ļ
һΡָо
׼ȷ˵Ҳǡһע⵽
İ
Сͮ۾桭ֻ
ԼڵıʲôӣСͮ۾棬һ
רע
ιƽһ̱ͻĵ绰ƣҦͮĿ⣬ˡǿһۼ㶵ģ׼ͻȻôˡ
Ҳûа취һֱϷĵ绰ˡ
šô簡ʵðԼҲԡǡðɣãٸӣ֮Ҿͳ
ôˣҦͮҵ绰Ժȥ㣬һֱڶԼ񡭡е֡
ֻҡҡͷ
Ҧͮͷûͬȥ׷ʵףϾѾ㻮ˣȻˣͲӦٶнӴ
ոգ˭ĵ绰
˵ģѾ˵ˡҸˡҦͮûлش㣬ȥʼ飬ͬģҲٻش顣
ҪȥҲʶģҦͮ߰ɣץס֡
ˡҪؼҡ⻰һ˲䣬ץסɶĸо˳ƣ롣
ҿؼҵġץҦ֣ͮǲҪ֡
Ҧͮ򴽣˵ţлл㡣ǡ̫㡣

ˡ
ҦͮúöԵߣһԲȴǸ
ֱ򿪷ţȴַⶼˡ
Է㣬ǭZȼСҦͮѡ
ôҦͮһȡ
šʵңһֱͮͮѣõļλѵϵʽϵóȻˣԼȥĻ̫٣ԾͰһС㣬㷿ĺ롣ߴˣ̫˼Ľ͵
Ҧͮͷû˵ʲô
ϰɡĵİԼ£Ҧͮϣ˫۱עʱһ͸㡣
ɫ㣬ǣ޾İ
ллҦͮѵģЦ¡
һۣԱĮһС
ԭ
СͮҪˣǱ˵δޣ˯ʱɱռˡ
ϲǡ۾ֻ㡭۾ҲֻܹԼӰ
ԣǭZȼ˼ǡ
һ졣
Ҧͮ۾棬Ӱô
ʲô
ڣҦͮ۾ġҦͮλѡġӡ
һ㡭
֪ǣ˿̡Ҧͮ۾濴ŵǸˣ㣬ҦͮѣδδҪҦͮˡ
˵δޡ
˵ġ
ϲ޹²ݡҲ֪ôģƳһߣ󣬵ȴܹ˵ôһ仰
һڣʱЩΡ
ǭZȼҲһ߿źϷЦ
Է㵹ȥҦͮķӦ
Բ𡭡´ΣһϲĻ㡣ҦͮεĵǸš
ûϵֻǡǰϲ޹²ݶѣҲҺϲҦͮЦŰο
𣿡ҲЦˣḧ˸Ҧͮķ˿˵ϲǡ´һ𣿡
šҦͮûз˵ǡûжܻǾܾλ׽
ǡ
˿Ще˼
Ͼǣ˰
㽫һжҧһ仰Ҳ˵
ƫƫǭZȼƵģ̼㣬ĵĶҦͮ˵أСͮ㣬Ѷǡᰡ㿴Ҳߵ࣬ôΪؼءл
ҦֻͮЦЦûǭZȼĻ磬ҲΪµǭZȼôԭԲŲӦ
߰ɡԷСȼأҲڻؼ𣿡
԰ˣɴȥ˯ˣҺȼȼüˡԷ͵
˵һֱҦͮıӰ
Ҧͮ㣬Ҳܹоһǿҵ߾ۼϡ
Ǻһȥ⼸ͻĳȥˣʱһҪҦͮЦ˵ͺ񡭡һʲô鶼ûзƵġ
Ǹҹ˲
Ǹ赽ûų˲
ǸھҪֵˣ
СͮģҪĻҾ飬ҲһȥμӵġǭZȼȻӦʵ
㰡һ㰡Է㾡ԼıȻһЩסҦͮԽȻʲôûзһı飬Խ˵ĵ
вڷǰҿһֱ԰Էһ̸ֱܹĵֺѣǰǺ
ֻСڼǰ
ŻòԼ
ҲҪˡ
ڣԺֻǡǸҦͮ
ԼǸԼѾˡ
ǣҦͮԷǭZȼ
ȡҲͷԷǭZȼк
ҦͮϳǰǿһһֱԱߵļ㣬¶Цݣûʧûоһʹ඼ûС
ߵǰ§סǺǳǳһӵڼ˵ݰݡ
ţݰݡ
ټҲҪˡ
ǣԺҲҪټ˰ɡ
ݰݡ
ÿӵǺƽļƷ
ţֻһ֮ӵ
ǰݰԺǾѶˡ
һΣҦͮûٻͷɿ˼㣬űߡ
ޱĸȥλ¶޺Цݣ˼Ҳһû
͡Է̲סЦȻϱȥ
ǡ¶Цݵİ
ΪЦݣǼ׼αװʽЦݣôǴо
Ҧͮסˡ
Ȼһ˵ԷͭZȼҲǣŮӶûпôʿӦò֡ϰʱ䡯ȥ·ûɣ
ǭZȼԷ㣬ʲôʱûˣʲôʱ˵ҪȥҦͮĵˣ
ԷȴǭZȼֱۣʾ
šҲϳɣǲĻͮͮȥȻٰǻȥ𣿡Ҳ󷽵ĴӦϾҦͮ˵ʿˣܲӦ
ллЦĲá
ȻǭZȼǭZȼʻϣְҦͮԷ˺
ȼλöԺ󣬼˵ҺԷЩҪСͮ˵һںȽϷ㣬ôİɣ
ûϵܲӦ˼ƨɶѵ³
ǭZȼҧгݵĿż㣬ʾȻǺἾ㰡
Ϊ˳ȫҦͮԼúԷֿš㣬а
Է㿴ⷢһУò˵ˣ˼ǹţǭZȼǰԼ棬Լм䣬Ҧͮ档
Ҧͮ˵ĻλҲ˵ʲô
һĻ满
ԡ
ҪӮҦͮģô򵥵顣
һĵˣ׵ٴνԼô
ûô򵥵ġ
ΪẦ˰
ԷϣȥץҦ֣ͮҦͮ㿪ˡ
Ҧͮһᶼ㣬ûȥ㣬ǰͷƳһߣŴ⡣
ģˡ
ˡ
ͻȻһ㶼㲻㡣
ոռôʲô˼
Ҧͮǲ֪
ǲ롣
ȥôԭ
붼롣
Ϊģ
лҪ˵
µ
дһˡ
одһۿһ㣿ΪʱȽɡô
ôһ뿴Ķԣãأ
ʵԣãһ¶д
գ뿴ĶҾдĶԣãУ
ȻƼ׸漵ġѹϵ
ǿƼһµʱ򣬿Ա߿
Ǿ䣬ÿӵ ƽ ļƷǡѹϵĸʡ
Ҽ˴ҳԷˡȥ극
ǵֱظӴҡ


91 
, ֪ʱͲϳˡǭZȼ˿ʱ, ڶ9, Ǹһÿɶ, ΪԼġ˽Ͱˮ̫ˡ
ǭZȼ治ͣ߶š
Ͼ, ղŰԼԷҲҦͮλĳȻҲûλͻؼ, ǸҦͮ˳
Ȼ
ҦͮǱ߽гصhappyĵط, ȡ
ֱ˷ʱһٺ
ѽ, ͱԹ˰Сͮʱ˵Ҫ˾ǻ, ҲܾİԷЦŴȤ
ҵȻҪܾ, Сͮҵ˾ǵĻǶʱ䲻һЩǭZȼ˵
ǽҪ֮ǣǭZȼȻܾҦͮҵ˾, Ҳ˵ǭZȼؼҿ
ٺ, ֪ĪСҲǭZȼЦ˵, ȻԷûз, һڡ
ҪȥԷţڸʻϺϾĿǭZȼ
֪ǭZȼҲ㶵ĿԷش
ǡﲻؼҰǲ֪ȥʲôط𡭡
šؼҡ
ؼԺ󡭡ԷĹϵҪ»ָɽùϵˣÿͬһ֮£ȴʼûа취ͨ, Ҫڡزصģֶհǰ˺뵽ǭZȼ;Ʋֵġ
ôﲻؼҰ
ǭZȼίģҪ˱ڻ۰Сè䣬Է̲סȥСϲèϲǭZȼ
ؼˡҸ㡭ֵñİ˰ɡҲҪϲǭZȼ䲻Ըĳϵ
ĻشԷ΢㶡
ôأ˭˵ڼǾ͵İˣʱ򡭡ڸԷ㾡ɵ٩ǭZȼ˵
ǡҵ˼ǡͨǭZȼϸϸĹ۲Է̬ͷӦһһ˵ţ֮ͨ䡭顣㡭𣿡


˻ءʹGǭZȼסԼĶ䡣
ΪԷ㷴ӦǭZȼ˵Ļ˼֮󣬾;áշȣݺݵؾסĶ䡣
ʲô
ϾҲǳˡ
Էһʼû̫ǭZȼ˼ģǿǭZȼһֱԼǱ߼üŪ۵̬ⰵʾֱܹ̫˺ҡԷֲɵӡ
㻹֪ʹƿԴԴ浽װЩʲôԷգƽЩʲô߰Ķ
ҡҡûаЩʲô߰ĶǭZȼίĽ͵ҡǸŮ˰ո˵ҲûʲôⰡ֮ǭZȼԽ˵ԽСһԼš
ǸŮ˰
Է⻰ֱҪѪ˹컯յġڳｲİ
ⲻǡʲô
ǡҴСͲҪˣԭԷգǭZȼ״ţյԷĶ˵ԭ㿪Цˡ˵޵ģԼ촽ԷĶ
š
ԷûסЩӷȴǹ򾲵ǭZȼˣһ㡭ǣڵҪȥ
ǡ
ţ
ԷС㣬ҪԼ𣿡ǭZȼͻȻ¶ܺÿЦݣô˵ءָоһö࣬Ȼһֱֱĵ
Է㿴ǭZȼԼֻ֣Ҳ¶Цݣȥð
ǭZȼص˵ͷȻǣԷ㶼ֱ֣һǡ
ǳ
ð
˵ţǭZȼ㷢˳ӣѳȥ˵ӰԺ
ȵǭZȼͣóԺԷߣ˵ԭҪӰ

ţ
ҲҪӰҪһ𿴵ӰǭZȼ͵
Էͷһ˿ɻΣ𣿡
аֹǿӰѣ˿Ӱ֮κ飬˵ֻҪǸһҶҪȥԡ
ǭZȼ˵꣬㿴˿ͷڵֻԷˣսĶ˵ͨ飬ǿ﷦ζģһҲúȤ
Է㾲ŶǭZȼ˵
һֱôŮӵ𣿡
ԼãǭZȼװɵס
ողһһ׵ԷǭZȼС˵ǲǾһˡĳЩϣҧڡ
СǭZȼҪȥҧԷ䣬ֻ㡣
ȻǭZȼ˵ĻԷҲǰŰɣȷã١ʱġ
ΪĹϵɣûڼѹָУǭZȼŵȥǣסԷ֣˱׻̲ԺһֱӳɿԷ֡
ʵԷ㻹ǲ̫ڡ
ﻹбŤĵط
ǿǭZȼôߣɨˡټϣסǭZȼһֱͣԻһ·ǣԼ֡
ȻӰǭZȼ⣬ɴ˿̣ԵȴԷ㣬ǭZȼֻרĵĿԷѡ
ʱ򣬾עϲˣָоҲܺá
ߣǰֻҪĿܵõһ
Ƭ̵СҸҲѵá
ʲôԷ㻹ܲһֱͶԼһȵߡ
ȫûа취רĺ
١ȫûϿô
ÿǭZȼսһЩС˵
УûޣԷˡ
⻰ûӰ
Щ־ò˼ֻùһԵ̲һڣװûбǭZȼ˵⻰ҡ
ǭZȼԷһӣҲʧ䣬Ҳ̲һڣһСģܸŪˡ

ôˣԷСʵ
ܡСŪˡ
ѽôСġԷô˵ţȴһİοǭZȼûϵһͺˡ֮ǣǭZȼһܡ
ðǭZȼѵӦһ˿
Է㶼ô˵ˣǭZȼȻҲˡ
ԾùԷ̲裬ȻˬһڣԷֻûпĬҲݡ
һԷǿڿʡǲġҪùԼ̲豭
Ҳʼһڡ
̲豭ԺǭZȼùԹԵغ
ôһȥ֮󡭡
Է㷢һ顣
Ǿǡ̲϶ԼٺȣǭZȼûôȹ
ҡ
ܣָԭ״ˡ
Ϊһֱҧܵϰߣÿܺȶʱ򣬶᲻Ծȥҧܡ
Ǹոա
ÿһ̲ʱ򣬶ָܻԭ״ˡ
Ҳ˵ÿҧԺǭZȼָҧԭ״𡭡
Է̽磭ȥһǭZȼȴöǭZȼ۾
㡭
ĻѾûа취˵
ʵʵӭǭZȼһǡ
лҪ˵
ȸһ¡
һ»ȸСZСɡ
ҦͮҲдһ
ȻҪ˵һ£ҦͮҲһƪûųİģã
Եʱһƪ棬ҦͮϷݻաҲкܶǰǰദ仹Ժķչ֮
ƪĵİˣáΪڶЩҪͦϵġ
һᾡġ
ʱ򿴴Ҹ뿴һƪͿһƪ
Ȼ⼸ȽæΪѧУĺͱ棬⼸ա


92 
ӰԺ, ԷεĴӷӳ߳, ЦȴòЦǭZȼ
ǭZȼǸ, ̫೤, ԷҪƿҲûа취ƿ, ΪǭZȼһ§ԼǸ򣬿ҡڵӰԺСĿռڡ
Է»Χ˵ע, ӲʲôĶ
ǡֻ, ư͵ġǭZȼǡ
, ҾǡûסǭZȼȥ, סԷֵǸ
ʲôûס, ֪𡭡
ҵĴ²Ϊ, ξԭҰɣòð㡫ԭҰɡ㡫

Էһ顣
εƲƲ, ͥڵǭZȼװǸʵ, ڻǵĽѹ
԰
ǭZȼ, ܿ԰
ԷһǭZȼﾯζʮ㣬ͬʱҲһźţ²Ϊ
ԷһǭZȼȻЦЦ, ȻһյĶ
ԡԭ𡫡ǭZȼرҪĹȥסԷ㣬˿λ൱õĽ֮Ļ
ԭ㣬ǽأҪȥԷҲǭZȼûްѾֹˣ׷Ҳûʲôˡ
ȥԷ
С㣿
ɡ
ǭZȼ˵Ļɤ۶

ܼҲڰ
ţáǭZȼѾûʲôЦݣҲûкֻ࣬ϵı̫ò
Էһ˿ȻɫʶıȥһǭZȼ
ˣҺͿģܼСǽãܼݣҲΪ𣿡λǭZȼеġҲϹ˾ְԱƽҲǭZȼйϵһЩӴԱ˴֮Ҳİ
ҲǰɣûмǴĻҲݰɡǭZȼȻòЦӦ
԰ҵǹ¼ҹһǺò׷żϢˣҲһڼңûʲôһ˳Ӱû뵽ôɣܼ͡С㡣λ֮䣬û͸¶ʲôȴƵƵἰԷ㣬ǭZȼֻúܲڡ
ˣϴΡܸлСԼĳܸм
ᣬˡԷ㲻Ծüû뵽ôСڵӰԺܹû뵽ôɣƫƫǭZȼҲߵʱ򡭡
СԹ𣬲ĻĳλС㷢룬һȥһͺ𣿡
ҺȼȼڡԷܾϾ̫˺λҲǺ죬Ȼ֮ǰȷһԹҲΪӦ棬ڡǭZȼҲڣһԷҲԵ̫ʲô˰
ðû뵽ǣǭZȼӦˡ
ԷǭZȼô˵ʱĴ㵣ǭZȼȴʼûдǭZȼϣʲôϢκûУ·𡭡ֻһƽԼ
̫ˣллλŮʿ͹⡣λڵģλŮʿȥ˲
ҡǳʿȵģǭZȼ棬Էӣ£ģǽڵҲóԵĲɫЩһ˲͡
ͷβǭZȼ̸ֹò罻Χ֮ڣ˿û¶ʲôõ˼෴ġԷ㿴ǭZȼѵõıֳȤ
ԷáǭZȼóˣڱǰ׵ر¶ĵ뷨ǡģ
ġһ㶼
˵
ôԷԼأ
ϣǭZȼ⡭ǲأ
Է㡭ûд𰸡
ֻǣѡ𰸡
Ҫ˵Ļšìܣֺ̰İɡ
ϣ߶С
ǭZȼĻ˵ŵİɣΪԴףŻⰡ
ĻֻԷ㡭ЩΪɡ
ǭZȼģأ
Է롭
šҲˣǰɵǸˡ
ҲҪȡˡ
ΪʲôǭZȼء
С㣬Կɣ߲ɳķǳˬʺСŮաһֱڡ
ǭZȼĮһС
˵ģģġ޶ԡ
ģһ㶼⡣
Լ֪Ϊʲôʱ˿̣ȻܹƽأһлԷһͬһϳԷġȻһ㷭ӿûС
𾪵氡
˵ԡҽ㣬ð˾֮šǭZȼü٩
ܼ࣬ͲҪ٩˰ҶС㡭һԷ㣬ֿ۶ǰ⣬ô˾֮أֻһģȫСˡҲֱܹû֧֧ģֱӳˣ˳ס
ȴֻԷ㱶Σһϲ˵ڱףķǭZȼ˿ΪʲôҡԷȫǭZȼǸʲô˼
ô٩λʲô˼
ǡʵǭZȼǹô˵ģҪԼķӦ
ǡΪʲôԭ
Ҫ̽λ˼
ǳͷģ
һ
ԭҪҽ򰡣ǭZȼЦ˵
κλҲûϵǭZȼѻ˵ôֱףҡԷǺкøкϲûԷ֮䡭ֻûһƲأô˵ЩΡ
ȻǭZȼѻ˵ˣôҲûбҪ˳ǭZȼĻ˵ȥ
ܼ࡭ȿȣǣʵ˵ûдҵȷϲԷС㣬ϲܾˡĽͶԷ㣬һΣĺܸлС͹⣬ҸһԷҲǡܹԸһ𹲽ͣҲܸˡҺϲ㣬ϣܹԽΪǰᣬ
Էü
ǭZȼҲûҲԷķӦ
˵ģʵ൱棬ԷʲôķӦȻܹȷԷ϶ܾԷԸִ֮ͥ£һӵ˵ҡλǼҹ˾ˣӲˡ
ԡ
գ˳Ĭ˳ĬǳĬû˵һʱ֮䣬ЩΡ
λһֱûеõӦҲ֪Է˼ˣûбҪûȤҪǡڴ֮ͥ£澡ʧͲˣôһ˰ɲҪôûӡ
ԭ䲻أǭZȼȿˣһԷޱģȻЦŶλ˵ǡҪͿҽ㰡ɲ׷ม
ܿ׻ǹǭZȼһ̨ף˳ȥ
ֻǣԷѾܲˡ
ֺǭZȼҪ
һֱ棬һ˼Ҫ׷ˣϵĵ٩
Ҫѿ
ھ
ΣٷԷ㶼ûٳȥˡ
ʵǡǭZȼӡ
ллĺ⣬ЩȻȥˡ˼ллˡ˵꣬ԷŰˡ
ͷ˵ǻȥɡ
ءǭZȼסλ׷˳ȥ
ԷͷҲصľǰߣҲһ·СܸǭZȼ
ǭZȼҲûԷ㣬ĬĸԷһ仰Ҳ˵Ҳûк˼Էģš
Խ
ԷԽ
Ϊʲôң
ԷҲûˣҲûҪһ֮µĳȥƳ̳ͻؼȥΪҲ̫ˣȫ簡
ԣԷ㻹߻ͣ
ǭZȼҲĲˡ
Ϳ˳һϳȥϳԺҲӡ
Է״³ǡûðΪǭZȼԷһϳԺ󣬾ѳˡ
ǡԷԽǭZȼ壬ֵʻǱȥ
򡭡ûޡ
㡭ʲô˼
ʲôʲô˼


Ÿ



˼𣿡
˵أ


ԷãոպòѾ˵ŭ𣬷·ҪˣǭZȼǹİɣԾǹİɡ
˵ոԷ㻹ȷĻڣǭZȼı֣Ծǹİɡ
ǴҪİɣ
Ҫ³
ȥġ
Ҫܡ
ԡ
Ҫؼҡ
ҲҪ


㵽Ҫôˡ
ǭZȼĬһȻתͷԷ㣬ûʲôŭı飬ʵǭZȼģûԷ㣬ġˡ
ҲҪôֻǣ㣬߶ѡ
ûаҺõúܰԷҲãѾҪʶڵԼˣķʲôġû
ţǭZȼ¶٩ζЦݣϾĿԷ㣬˼ͺ˵û㿴ڵ⸱ӣ𣿡


Էһ˵ոգڲ棬ǹ֪Ҳϲ
԰ǹġҵȷǡҪ֪ӦġǭZȼЦݣĻش


飬Ҫ͡ԷƲƲ죬Ǿ˵ȽϺãҡǭZȼѾײˣءҲѾ³߰˷ˣ֮ǰȥ˾ʱǸոλдΣְ־˵иˣҪҪһұҪܾġǡ
ǡֺݲģľְֵܾҪ󡣡ǭZȼʵ൱ףԷ
֪˰
šûдԺҾʹӦˡȻ󡭡͸һһٷȥӰҾܾˡ飬ҸֻǳһٷѡûбģġԷ㼱Ž͡
ΪǭZȼķӦ̫ƽˡ
ΪѾ³˸ţΪ̫ˣ
š

㡭ûʲôҪҵ𣿡ǭZȼķӦԷ֮еķӦҪƽ̫ࡣ
أ


ڼˣĬ˺һǭZȼſʵ
ʲô
ǡϴ飬ǵڼˣǭZȼûȥԷ㣬ƿߣֻǾؿǰ
ֻһζѡԷ͵
ЩŵĿǭZȼƫƫǭZȼȫȥ
ǡԺأǭZȼ£ŲߣԷ۾״ʵԺϴ飬жٴأ
֮ǣԺأ
ԺҪôأ
һΣûоܾǡԺأԺϴ飬ܾ𣿡ǭZȼʵû룬ҪõԷشʲôģΪ֪Էûа취شԣֻԹԵ˵ţ㡭һΣܾˣܾܾ֡ٴأ

ȷǭZȼԤϵЩ⡭Է㣬޷ش
͡һشˡ
˵ʵϣûбԷЩˣǭZȼЩԷ棬Ҳ
˵һεףûܾ㡭ܾˣܹܾٴأ
ͷ˵ǲף˵ڻ磬ᣬǡΪĸ˵ǿſǻ̲סԷۣɫһѡ
Ȿ֮顣
ڣνġ֮顱ȴԷķգҲӳΪˡǭZȼ֮䣬ȥġɡ
ģû㡭ûоܾһεҲãûоʲôġֻǡ֮ãЩ⣬ȷʵţҲȷبڣ֮䡣ǭZȼͼԼ
ǹȥʱû顣
Ҳû뵽ԭһ죬Ȼܹ·룭һ㣬򶨵أԷ׳Ǳ˴֮ڵ⡣
ûȡ֡
˵ģԴӡǰЩӣԷ㱧ԹʵҲ˵ǡڵԷ㷢й
ܡ
ǭZȼʶһֱһζĸǰһĻԷ֮Ľ֣Ȼʲôıɡ
Ϊ֮ȷ⡣
ǭZȼ֮ǰģʵϣ֮⣬û˿Ӱ죬˵ˣ֮ǰȫԷ֮ѡ
ںԷһûôס
˵ǡûԷô죬ʹӦ飬һֱûʲôȫУûʲôڸԷ㽻ʵС
ܾáһ
£ǭZȼԷڽ飬һΣֺ¡Σѡ
һֱԹ԰š
Ǹգ֪ԭϲһˣҲô࡭ôѵ顣
ҲôģΪ
ǰҲǲ֪ⷽѺΪֻǡûɡ
԰ͲӦ˷ʱȥڡǭZȼҪģȥ˼بԷ֮ʲôȻҪôȥЩب֮顣
ǣӦҪȥ鰡

Բ𡣡ڡԷ˵ǸҲ֪ܹ˵Щʲôˣ֮ǰԴӦ˰ְ֡ͬȥ飬ûи㣬Բ𡣡
ʵⲻġֻǡ롣˵˵Ļ룬ǲ硭ҾͲ˵ҸλʲôûУֻǴԶٷͺˣܻ´ΣҡûҪ˵
Ժ󡭡飬һкܶ࣬ҲɵҲ֪ҪܾܹܾĴʵҲޡǭZȼһЦ´Σ㡭֪һҲҪ֪
ǭZȼҧҧ˵ҲҪΪײ飬ȥˣԲŸҡҾáڱƭšҲƭҡ
áԷ֣ǭZȼ
ʲôʱʼء
ӣǰԽԽԼ֮ǰԼӣڡȴѾԼˡ
ӦԼȥеЩѣȥЩ⣬ڡЩڵˣȴǭZȼ
ʲôʱأǭZȼԽԽ졣
񡭡
ΪԷĹϵء
뵽ԷĶ٣ܾáЩʧ䡣
˺ܶࡣǭZȼԽԽŮζԷ˵
ţ˰
ܶࡣ
ܶ࡭ﰡǭZȼ޺һ˿̰ڳʮִ޺ģ
͡٣ԽԽÿˣһˡԷ͵СԽԽˡо㡭ĳ˺ܶ࣬·桭С¶Լˡҡʱ򣬶޷еĲĵ
𣿡ǭZȼϲ
Է㶼ôõĻô˵ԽԽ˰ɣ
šġ
İ
ڡҶ֪Ǵʲôʱʼ
ͱáԽԽ졣
쵽ҲʱѾˣҴӡ
ԭʲô

ǡ
ˣ
ǡûоãڸˣǭZȼԷ㣬գգ˫۾ŵ硣
ţһֱ㶼Եء
仰ܹŵζˡ
ǭZȼôأѽô˵ѵûϼǸԵģϲ˾һֱСͮʲôϲңҲŲ֡ҲҪš
ʲô
šֻҪţϲˣֻͺǭZȼֽ׵
컬ࡣԷװһӡ
ǡϲ𣿡
ǿǿɡ
Gôողǲ˵ͬҵѵû𣿡
񡭡ԷϸϸĹ۲ǭZȼı顣
ǭZȼŵĶ𰸵ɵģ̲סЦ񡭡ûء
ǭZȼʱйͣʾŲ
ûУôûаѵ㲻ϲ𡣡ʱһ仰ԵĻǭZȼģҪʱ̶ȥԷҪһ𰸣㡭ÿһεĴ𰸿ܶһģǣҪ𰸡
ԷĴ𰸣ĵ
ǭZȼҪҩֻҪԷġҲϲ㡱ͺˡ
šϲ
ʵԷ١ҲܹоǭZȼûʲôȫаɣȻĸоôУҲڡϲϲϣȥ׽Ūʲôġ
ܹǲ̫õġ
᲻ð
⻹ࡣ˵꣬ǭZȼЦЦȻǰԷĶͷ
ʵҲû˵ôΪܹԽԽ㣬ҲȫԼĹȻǭZȼݹͣš
ţʲô˼
ǣðɡʵⶼǸյĹҪʶĻҿܡֻصްɡ
գй𣿡ԷЦ׷ʵصޡʲô˼
ǡܻᱻסɡָоҵĴ˸ѧ㰡
ĺϲա
԰ǡҵĹϰɣϣҵĻ飬ҵѣ֮ܶ෽棬ڰңհġ
㵹ǶмӰȷֵͣҿȷȻҲǺܶ˾棬ǡ˵ңͿԼͨ˾ԣʼͼһʦȷԷ֮䣬Ҳ͸¶Ըյ͡
԰ɡҾ˵ѧܰɡ
ô佱硭ʲôʱԼһԶٷɡ
֮ǰǳԹǼҺöֹǭZȼʵͷڣԸ൱͡
ôһءΡ˽£롣
ǭZȼü̫Էô壬ȴҲӦǡðɡӦöæûʲôʱɴšǭZȼ֪Ӧ൱հɡ
Ͼͺ֮顭
ˡм顭Ҫ㡣
ţʲô
ڡϣѵ㡭Ҫһֱȥ𣿡ǭZȼЦݣȸոջҪö౶
һһͰ˵ҵġǻǲܵĻҾ͡ȥסˡǼңܹҵĴҲٺܶɡԷҲЦݣĻش
ǡ㹤ʱ򣬻ǻɣҡȥסֻҪĻҲúܶɣ㾭ؼҰɣ硭㳣Էߡȥչ֮ɣ
šǡ˼ǣиõİ취ԷǭZȼ˼ˣ˵ĵȷûдͷģҪȥʶʶſĻôΣûа취ܹȫˡ
Ӳġ
ҲӲ˶ٴΡ
ҡ
ţ
㣬пǹ𡣡
ʲô
񡣡
лҪ˵
ȸһ󡪡¡
֮һ¡


93 
һ·, ۼôŬ, ҦͮһԵľܾ̬
, ҲǡѾˡ
ллһ˼Ժ, Ҧͮл
ôôḧҦͮķ䣬, ȥɣ˯߰ɣ
㲻ǻӦԷ͡Ҧͮ˶, Ǹˡֶû, ѡ, 㲻ǴӦҪǻؼ𡣡
š㲻ԸҲûа취ˡ
, ҺȼȼԼȥͺ, ûµġԷܾǭZȼǼϵĵĺ
ڼȻҦͮѾˣҲټ˼ҳ, ಻á
ҲˡȻСͮˣҲȥݷһ°̺ˡҲܾ, Ŀ, ֻǲ뿪Ҧͮѡ
˵ͷ, Ȼ˵ڶҪˣǡɣ𣿡
ҦͮĬˡ
ʵڲ̫Ҫ㣬ֻá, ۡ
ڵֻҪһ˾شžͺˡ
СͮˡҪϢҦͮƣ㿪ܾ
üСͮ𡣡ȻҦͮԼ׿ھܾģô˵ĻͶ
ȻȥɡˡǾܾˡ
ǡðɡ
Ļʱʧ䣬ֻӦ֮ǰ˵棬˱Ҧͮ
ӵҦͮûоܾ
ǡúϢ
š
ֱԶȥ뿪ˣҦͮŶԷ˵Ҫùܼ𣿡
ʵҦͮҲµԷǭZȼӦҪģԷһǴòĿôʵ
ҺȼȼȥͺͲ鷳Ǽҵ˾ˡԷܵ
ţȼȼȥ·Сġ
֪㰡úϢǺܺáԷüҦ֣ܾͮô˿̵ҦͮЩɫе㷢ףҲ֪岻̫桭Ṇ̀ʹš
ôˣ㻹Ұ֪ôչԼġҦͮοԷ˵
㰡ԷսһЩڴ˵ЩʲôǿŷֱվԵǭZȼͼ㣬ѡһ¿ռҦͮҦͮһߡ
Сͮǿ֮顭ûа취෢ʲô룬ɲѡʲôҶվߵġԣ㲻ҪԼǿʲôԷ㿴һۼ㣬ҡʱ䡣㲻ǡ¸²Ž𡣻ʱ䣬㡭ҵ˼𡣡
ȻԷ˵߶ûվûסİ˵ǲ＾㣬ǡҦͮȷϲİ
˶ϲĻôܹһĻòˡ
ֻϣһΣǧҪҦͮʧˡ
ԷĽǶ˵ƾԼ˽⣬㲻һŪˣǸ飬ֺ˵ģԡ󣬼㹼ҦͮĻôҲһŹġ
㰡ɱʧ
òʱ򣬼ǵôңʶôˣ֪ȶҪƫĵİ⻰Ҫ˵ҲûԷȷҦͮƫģҲǷʱġ
׵ġҦͮͷ
Ȼ֪Է˼
¸²Ž飬Ҳ˵ʱ䣬ԿǣҪҪ飻ʱ䣬ԥҪҪᡣ
֮䲻ö˵ʲôֻ֮ҪľҰٷְ֧㡣˵Ӧýˡ
ԷҲ˵
ϾʼҦͮ飬ѾҦͮкڵˣѾڰ＾ˡ
ɾҪҪ飬⻰飬չҦͮ˵ѡԣҲûа취ٸˡ
ΪҦͮоȨǸ˰
ڣֻܹԼ
ţСȼؼ·СЩ
ãҲǣչ˺ԼؼҺú˯һɡ
ǣСͮ㣬ҺҽúϢǭZȼҦͮ
ԷҲ˱𣬲֮ǰھߵʱ򣬻˵˾䣬㣬Сͮʧ
㶣Ȼû˵ֻͷ
뿪ҦͮͷҲصģŵķߡ
ọ̈̄˼㡣
·
Ҳ˵ʲôֻĬĬظҦͮ
ʵҦͮ˽⣬ҦͮƽֱŤģ˵ǳ£֮ʲô˵ϡˡ
ҲҦͮƣҲҪ롭ܵʱȥЩķҵ߶ԣҲֻĬĬظҦͮ
С㡣ܼҿţӭ˳
Ҧֻͮǵͷ
С㡣ܼҲϹҦͮļ㡣
ЦŶ˵ͷʺá
ҦͮʼգûʲôȽҵķӦǸʲôӦ
ûйϵ㲻ɵףҦͮûоܾѾڸˡ
ԣҦͮԲûӦ
ֻҪҦܾͮǾͺܺˡ
С㣬˺үǣڿ˵Ҫ˵ܼҼҦͮһûɵӣ˵ȥʱ򣬼ļ򣬶ҡҡͷֹ˵ȥ
Ҧͮһƣȥ˿ͿԼҸĸ˶ڿͣ˳Լ
֣裬һˡ
尢̺á˼ˡҲʺõ
ѽ˰Ҳͮͮһɣ緹𣬹尢һ԰ɡҦĸ൱
û취̫òҡΪҦͮļͥȽƵԭԡ൱óԸԼӦ罻ϣ̸֮䣬رн˵ܹӮóĺøУ԰ҦҦĸҲû˿ģˡ
ԹˡҦͮˡ
šҳԹˡлл尢̵ĺֻ˳ҦͮĻ˵
ͮͮҦˣ㣬Ҳɣͮͮһ𡣡
ʲô°Ҧ֮ͮ󣬻Ǿžʵ
ĶʽԼ̣ʲôҪĶĵط𣿡Ҧʵöˡ
ûС
㿴Ҧͮü̲ס塣
ţʲôҪĶӵĵطҪʱְ˵Щǰ˼ġ
ţ֪ˡллְ֡
ǡһطϢˡ
úúãȥɡ
Ҧͮط䣬ȻһԲĸ
ȵ˶뿪Ժ
Ϲ㲻áͮͮǲǳˣ
ţ̫򵥰
ߵԼſڵҦͮͣ˽Ų
ļ㣬Ҳ
ҪϢ
á
һϢ
á
뿪𡣡
á
ǣ㵽ô
ʲô룬ֻ㡣
лҪ˵
½


94 
лҪ˵

˼ٽҵڸģǰջѧУꡣ
ȻﻹżҪȥһ£ΪҲסԼңʱǺܷ㡣
֮ᾡЩģһһ¸¡
һ˽òô񣬣˵
ʵ˵Ҳ˵СZС㣬ʵУҲ٣ǱȽϿĸĸ֮Ӧǻѡ̹׳ҲǺٵģϾ󻷾֮£Ǹ
һºһ£¶СZС֮


95 
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뵽ʲôƵ, ˣ幫˾εĵطѾB, ЯһؼҺú׼׼, ʰʰ, ʱڴɡǭZȼ˵һ֮һĹ˾ѳεĻ
̨һƬ
˺, ģʱǿĵȴ, 忪ʼͷŰ, ⼸찡ǻǸҺúðĹɢᡣǭZȼЦ˵
ȵҵ˶߹ԺǭZȼʰļ, һ˻˰칫ҡ
Ҳ֪̫ۻǺ̫࣬һ;ᱳʹ, ֮ǸֲӦڡ
ڵ, ֻҪżٰ
תһ, ǭZȼֻҪڹ
ĻͻҪȥԷ㣬ʱ̡ȥ, һöö顣
Ǽ򵥵ĳһٷҲú㡣
ֳ붼Ȳ
ǣĻͬʱҲζšҪԣЩΪ⣬еͷʹ
֣֣֡˾ߵ绰
ʲô£
ܼ࣬Ҫȥxx·εʩӲ죬ʱԼ11㡣ڿԳˡ绰ﴫ
áǭZȼӦ
ҵ绰Ժһ
żʲôģ˰ɡ
ڰרͶ빤Ƚʺ
ʮԺ
Ĳ񱨱ʲô𣿡ǭZȼһԱ
һбԹʷٶȹ㻨ѵʱһЩ
ʱǶ೤УǰͶ˶٣
Ϊ̫£ԡҪ5졣ǰͶĻѾС
ʱ䣬Ϊ죬ͬʱǣϹĽܹӿĻᷢӦĽ𣬵͵ʵһ֣ԱңѰ;Ա֤˾ľ档
ǡ
ʲôôǭZȼ˿ʱ䣬Ҳ쵽緹ʱˡ
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ˣZȼ¶ЦݣҲк
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ϧȴûмˡ
㣬˭ǭZȼ¶һ˿ײЦݡ
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ޣ緹ʱǶǰȥԷˣһһͺˡ
ͷЩĲɵġ
أҲӲ𡣡
šǰɡ
ߡǭZȼǹģȴװ޵ĵθڡ
ţաô𣿡ԵģǭZȼոᵽˣ֮ǰĻҪȤˡ
ûаûհǭZȼʹ͵Ц
ҲԼͻأˣЩʧո˰ɣ˼š˰ɡ
ǭZȼͷ¶һζЦ˵㻹ûԷɣȻ磬һɣ
簡¶ԥǷ¹ģ˵ӦûȥģϾҲûмǸˣǺǸһԷ͸оûʲôҪԷģء
Ҫȥǹ˾ǼҲ¿ʽ꣬ˣɴ࡭ѸҲϺˡǭZȼѾȲģҪ٩ˣһᡭȤ
ȥǹ˾Ǳ𣿡˼һоԱȽϸߣĻ͸һ緹ҲúͻأɡϾҲԼҪȥǹ˾ǱߵġǭZȼȥġ
ûпյĻ´ҲԵġǭZȼװһƽ⡱ӡ
šûУֻǳԸ緹Ļһпյġ˼ȥӦˡ
һߣ֪ĸգȫ֪ϣҪǭZȼˡ
ˡ

߹ʣ緹ʱˣҺͬȥԷˡ˵Ҫ߹һͻ𡣡
û£ȥ԰ɣùҡһҲֳԲµĸо
õġˡ
š
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壬壬塣ѭȥǭZȼĵ绰
ιսˡ
ʣ߹пһԸ𣬾ڹ˾¥¿Ǽϵ㣬ҲˣɣֻźŲ̫þͲ˵ˣװס
ǭZȼһһ󴮵ĻͰѵ绰ҵˣ˿վܾĻᡣ

ŵ绰֡֡֡ΪԼܸոսһٵ绰
ʱ䣬һˣҲеСˣ̾һΣȥˡ
ۼǭZȼһֱſأ˾֣٣գ
Ҳûж룬߹ȥȻ߹ȥſһڡ
Ǻ硣
ͣû˵
һˣ¶һЦݡ
ӡ
տͻȻе㸴ӡ
ʲôǭZȼʾԱȥΪ棬ԼԵǸλã׺͹°
գѡ
ֻȥ
ôʵ
ſʹشȴǭZȼˣȥأ·ǱӲ찡ȻˣȻ˵ȻҶûԷɴһԸ

յͷû˵ʲô˵ţ뿴ԼҪʲô
㲻ÿˣ˵͵ˣģһϲԵġǭZȼĸʹɫֻиղףǭZȼ֮ŵĸֵ٩
Բ𡭡롭ΪỨһʱ䣬ȵõĻ㵽˾ͿԳˡǸε˵
¶һЦ˵ûϵҳʲôԵġ㡭ҪҵǸ
ţҪȥ֮ϵ
ǡÿ˵֣ǸεĻʱľͻᡭѹ
ûɵģᡣ
Ҳ֪ΪԼΪ
㡭ϲš¸ջᣬǲˣ͵
Һϲѿڶ
ǣʶһַӦղϲԼԡ͡Ȼģ˵ֻ
ơѿڶġ黰һ
Ļش𣬺еССĺߣǶԾ䣬о㰡
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װûƵģҲȥȥǭZȼѾ֪ˣǭZȼǹģ緹Ϊ˿Ϸ
Ҫ;ܿɡ
°֮ҸһȥСջؼң𣿡翴Ÿգ̽磭ʵ
šʱĻڸյϣ룬޷ܾκġ
ϾڣԵĺ磬ѾǵˣʼնСյһ裬ȨôǼСҲãǱʲôҲá
ҲΪղŸìܡ
֪Ӧξܾ硣
ᰡȻᵢҺпյġ˸ڴ
յͷ𣬡ð°ȥ㡣
ţü۶Цˡ
աЩӣȴҲòϣ¶Цݵĺ磬ġҲܸˡ
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ھ˳ʱߡ
Ҧͮ㣬ںһдһ㣬ܶࡣ
ԭĻΪѾƪĵİҦͮųƪ֮еҡƪĸãС
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ΪһƪڸеģƪѾųİģģãжпʹ
֮ǰֹѧ㣬һƪġŮѣȦݡĸãС
ʽԴϲĶѡԵĿӴ
ÿƪĶеƪģãʹ¶ǲܶ࣬ϾҪ֤ƪ
ϲҦͮģղһҵġ֮еҡƪĵҸϲСӴ
ڸµһƪģмҦͮľҲʧ
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ȲڲŻظǵĶ𡭡
ҾͰ֮ǰ۶ˣǾͲԴӴա
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ƪԤգʱղضģϲģȿģ
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96 
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տһۺԼĲ, Ǻڶ, Ҳǲϲֻǡܾû, Ҳȥѡ
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ôٰǭZȼԼķţ, ٿһۺһ־, һԱȡ
, ûʲôθڣҳһͺˡʵûкܶ, һԲ¡
ôûθ, ﲻü
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˵ûʲôθڡһ, üѾˡ
ûʲôȡܡӿ¡
ΪֻСܡζ޷ȥġ
һ
ûвǡôԲºܶѡתͷգɢᣬ㲻Ҫġû°
̫ţһڣղʶķӦҲδ̫һ£شҲֻõͷٽӻ˵Щʲô
ǭZȼѺķӦֿһ۸յķӦ뵽֮ǰհȥǶ½ʱӣҲ򴽣ŵ˵ˣι˾ҪΣ㲻ҲҪȥ𣿡
šȥɣѾ𣿡ףһ֭ŨĺζҲûʲôζ棬ζ㲻
塣ʱͰŵĹ棬ڹ˾ҳʼ°֮ǰӦҲ֪ͨλģ㵽ʱǵÿǭZȼѵ
ţðڴӦ
СأҲȥİɣ
ȻȻĻ˭չҰȥ棬ӦҲܸ˵ġ̫æˣûʲôʱ뵽ЩǸΣȻ˵Ϊ˸õҪܹЩʱԼŮġ
ʱ壬û𣿡
ûϵҰһپͺˡ
һŻ
ŶһҲһپͺˡ
ԵñȽ⣬ǾСѧУ治ôҪֻŮڻСҪİеʱ䶼Ůߣȡ㹻ҪİȥطֵܶĻ䣬ܹһֵͯꡣ
ǭZȼͷе㣬㶡
ﰡղ⡣
ûСΪ㲻֣Ϊ˸ŮȥŮѧУٵ֡šĸס
ᰡֻҪո˵飬ҶȥġûʲôԼŮĿָҪˡ
ء߹һ衫ǭZȼò˵ĶԸյжôһ㡣
ǭZȼĵ٩Ŀʼ
塭Ҫȥﰡǹ˾Ļ𣿡ʵ
ޣǹ˾֯Ȼһ.ǭZȼ͵
Ҫȥ𡣡
ţ԰Ժѯʣ㶣Ȼ˵ͷ
˵ŷ
ûи罻顣
˵ǡ
ѹûкͺ罻顣
ʵղɵӣȻ֪֮ǰ˵ʲôˮˡ¸ǸڣһǸõĲܹõĽ˺
ǣȴ˵ܾĻ
ʼգûѡ𴩺硣
ʲôʱȥƵĻû˵
Ҳ˵棬ҲԸ뿪
ìǣôܹȷ粻뿪أ
ǰԣڣȻԡ
գûаգҲûģµǡҲûǸˡ
Ѿ޷һԡʧȥ硱鷢Ļʲôӡ
˵ֱһĻѾûа취ٳһΣʧȥʹˡ
κκˣѡӵеһ̣Ѿʧȥķˡ
žʧȥַյķأǡҪȥѡӵСֻҪӵеĻ;Բʧȥ
ΪûпʼʼûеʱһоͶûзĿܣ㣬ޣûС
Ҳղᣬʲôʱ뿪Ҳܹװպ֪飬˵ĬǡǸպ֮Ĭ
֪Ϳ֡ڡˣɼȻûвǾڸᡣ
ܣûϵӦҲҪ
ֻҪգûоܾͺܺá
ܾζţлᡣ
ȥﰡ׷ǭZȼ˵
ޣڣеһȼɽׯǭZȼ䣬ӣҲȤ
š
Ȼô˵ˣǭZȼǲҪոֿ
ΪΪһѾһε˵ǭZȼľáûʲôȡҪʹˡ
ʲô飬ܹʹ
ǰ֪ԷˣѾûСȥ֣ˡ
ڣ绹úõĻŰֻðɣȷʧûдҲȥĻ䣬ûйϵֻҪһµĻ䣬ͺ
زȥ¿ʼ
ȼɽׯ·Ǹ
԰ǭZȼЦЦҲȤ𣿡
û̽ǭZȼĻ磬ǿһ۸գȻ򴽣Ц˵ǡаɡ
ޡҪ㰡
ûлش𣬶ڵȸյķӦϧǡպ޷ӦЩеɥؾǲ˰ɡ˾йҪæ
ǵҲǡ
һ緹ô̲ĳꡣ
ûʲôĵĻ⣬Ҳûֻ֮ºǭZȼиĹ˵Ҫع˾ȥˡ
ѵáտˣȥס֡
ˡҿġ
ҧᶨҡҡͷ˵㡣
ʱȥˡһع˾û𡭡翴˿ʱ䣬
ûϵ
ǡðɡ
õӦʣֵǰ̯
ʲô粻
Կס
ǣȻع˾ǭZȼ׼ʱ
յͷȻӹݹĳԿס
һ·ϣҲûô˵
ӦҪġ
̫̫࣬ıˡ
ƫƫÿһںǰЩԺ
٣ôǿơ翴ŸյĲô˵
һǺܵ͵ˣ˵ϻˣյԸҲǿƵֻ֣ǲԣǽ졭һúãֳͬǿƵһ档
𡣡
ᡣ
Դˣÿɷ
ΪʲôΪ𡣡ܹ뵽ԭҲֻˡ
ͣ񶨺˵ԭȴһһûжۡ
Ǿ˵ˡ΢΢һЦ
ҲŤȴɰһ档
ϲ
ֹ˺һǡһ̵ǰͣ¡
Ժ󡭡տǰɫָʾƣеǰ߹һһˣһĻ˵ԲҪ𡣡
ţʵ˵ö
ԣҪ𡣴ڿʼ
ڸ˵𣿡Цݣ
ȻתͷҲź˵
Ҫȥܺô࣬뵽ĳ񶼾¡
㡭δػһҲ᲻ú˵ֺ
Ļǻʹ
Ϊһֱڡ
յ۾̫ˣȻ֪ǻῪЦˣҲողڿЦǿϵıһ̣Ҳ֪ôģúĪáһ㣬ѹ
ãҿԴӦ㡣ҲҪӦһ顣
ʲô
ҿԴӦ㣬Ժ󶼲ǡҪϰ࣬ҪӦ꣬Ҫ°ࡣҪһԷһȥ档ԡ
ԣ
ԡԺҪ㵱ҵרְ˾
룬Ҳûôʱ䣬ҡ˾Ҳҵġ
֪ҲĹҪȥæȴĻԣΪҪӦĻù˾˾ȥ°˾Ҫң⡭ÿ°࣬㶼Ҫ𡣡Ȼ󣬺ǳģûʵ׳һɣΪҲҪԼġ
̵ͣˡã⣬ûټȥ
ֱ˺繫˾ͣͣó¶ģؾ˵ǼҡҲȱ˾֮ǣҲòʲôרְ˾ɡ
ǣڵĻսյǰֱ۾˵Ҿͻܰġ

籩
յЩ޷ӣе㺦¡翴ģ̫ˣҲ̫Щ
£Լᱻ۾ȥ
տʼԥˣʤ׷ȻӲûãİ
ǰ§סյ˫ս῿ļͷ˵ţá
ʲô
ڣáҵߣáƵ˵ţϲ㣬á
˵꣬ȥ˲յĲྱ

Ӳʩ
ձ޷ڡҲûˡ
ȻûоܾҾ͵ӦˡɴȥˣʮˣڼУѾ˵İְֶû˵ӽ쿪ʼҵרְ˾ˣָร˾С㡣
ҡ
ǸĽ磬˿վܾĻᰡûȸ˵껰Ǳס
Ժ󣬺һ䣬ǣҾ͵ҿ°˾С㡫ֱ뿪ˣǳǳԿףֱӸ˸ûˣջġ
ʵڲСҲֻô򳵻ȥˡ
տź뿪ıӰбԼеĳԿףûһ̾һ·óӣҲ뿪ˡ
ǽѡ
絹ãӲʩ
лҪ˵
£

ճղأƪղӡ
Ȼ߿ء
رף󲻿߿ܹȡúóɼ߿Ҫͣ
Ϊֻ֪󲻿Ǹաر˵һ
Ȼףеĸʹ⣬뿼ԹӴ
֤׼棲ǦʣƤӣ.ɫˮԱʵȵþߣҪǵñôϰһ𣬾Ͳ©
Ҫ˯˯Ҳϴϴϴ߾˼ã˾˯
첻ҪţƽԣûģǶӴ
ףԸеĸȫᣬɵȫԣ߿Ӵ?
СֵĻ綼͵ġϣİȲҪ
ȸ߿ԺǾ
ҶҪ˯ţŰ


97 
ع˾ûУ
ոտĳصϴ¥ͣ, յǭZȼĶš
ͣôˣ
ʮӺ, Ұ칫ҡ
á
ʮӺ
ˡ

ʲô飿ߵ칫ǰ¡
ι˾εıű, 㿴һ, ûʲô⣬Ȼÿ˵ıϵ, 鿴ûʲôǡĵطǭZȼݹȥļ
ʲôʱҪ֮, ܹжʱȥЩϵݡ
һСʱ֮, , 񲿵˾ҪʼеķãȻһ鴦Ҫѱűγεÿ˷һʼ, °֮ǰñ֤˶Ѿյ֪ͨ, ʱһšǭZȼһǽϵıӣ롣
ϣˡʱAda͹
á
˵, ļ뿪
һ¡ǭZȼ˵ǹ˾Ĺʡ
, أ
˵, űŵס޵ķ, ԼʱĳλҪ˭һ𣬶Ȩѡģ˵ǡĻǭZȼӦѾʾĺ˰ɣ㡭ҵ˼ɡ
չ˾İ, ͺ˰ջشıȽ̹Ȼ
ҵ˼˵Яġ
֪һһȥİ
˵㰡װɵû˼˺١ǭZȼƲƲ죬ǳĿ˸һۡ
ûдȥ밡˵ҲãøǭZȼʡԺû¸ԼġҸǸӡ
ŶǸӣĸӡȻҪװɵҲֻװɵ
Һ硭֮䣬ǲܵİɡջǰѡܡ˵˿ڡ
ðɣϾ֮飬ҪôʼԼѡľҲ档Լɡ̬ȣǭZȼҲ
һһɡ
֮ϡ
֪˼ллĺġջǸлǭZȼģšҲǲܹǭZȼҪ飬ǡĿǰ˵޷ʲô߳
ڣס
š
𡣡
Ҳ֪١˵ɡյģоҪоǣȴôҲѡˡ
ҡڲ
ġ
ǣܹء
ʼգӹȥڣˣʼն
ܹôء
ѡʱƫƫûѡֻԼȽһУҪȥѡĶ
أܹѡҲԣǣѡˡ
һȥļˡհڰ֣ˡ
ԴˣǭZȼҲֻ̾̾ǰ˭֪أ˵ǭZȼԼˣأôأڣҲһͷûô
ͷȷһܺõĴʱķһۣһ͹ȥˣ°ʱ䵽ˡ
ǭZȼԥһӣһڰ칫ȵ¥˶߹ˣŷԭԼôá
Ǵ˵绰Է㡣
ι
һƣȴԷһ̣·ֱÿʼ
ڣ˵𡣡ǭZȼĵѯʵ
ûϵ
Ҫ𡣡̫ȷԷǲѾ°ˣǽҪ°࣬ϾԷ֮䣬ûԼ˴˼ӰҪæĻҪ֪ͨԷ
ΪһؼңûԷĻܹ֪ˡ
Ҫ𡣡

𡣡ǭZȼЩ̫ȷԷǲԸġ
ԷΪƺǿԼ֮Ĺϵֳ־һ̿ʼô˵ءǭZȼ͡ȥÿһԷйص֮ǰʶҪȥʿԷĿɡ
ҪΪѡ
ܣԷľܾĻֻ̲סеѹ
šԷ϶Ļش
ãڹ㣬ŶʮӾͺˡһ
ţһ
绰ߣԷ̾һ
ʵĹæ͡°ˡ
ͱԼ׵ڷļ˵ţ͸뿪칫ˣȻٳûжԭ򣬻ΪڵǭZȼһͨ绰ɡ
ˡ

ŶģǷ䡣
Էһ㣬侲Ժ󣬲ŷԼ̫˰ɣ衣
û°డ
ţǴߵģȼȼոմ绰˵һȥһڣԷôһڣǲӦһɻȽϺһЩ
־ãʵʵ˵ȽϺðɣ𴩵Ļ˻ɰɡ
ȼȼ°˹ôճ㣬Ѿôˡ俴Է㣬΢Ц˵
š˭ҡȼȼĽءоԼһ
ˣ裬ʲô鰡
ޣ˳·°ûУ׼һؼҵġ
ҺˣȼȼˣͿˡ
ȼȼʲôʱ
รʮӰɡ
ͷȻ˵ϣоô
ð
أתĲҲһ˰ɡ
ţ԰Ҳðɣϵ飬ôԷشıȽ⡣
ʵǰĲŴĺúõģΪʲôҪתĲأûʹԭ𣿡̽磭ģʵ
ûԼ뷨ĻҲʡ
ͷҲټ⣬ȴֻһ˵㻹㣬ͮͮôˣһֱϵء
ţǰΪϵܺ
ͮͮأôˣ֮ǰְְ̻֣ͮͮ˵Ҫ˰ɡ
šҲɡ
ţҲɣѾڳﱸ𣿡Ī
ͮͮͮͮԼ뷨
ôˣѵͮͮзǱʲôì𣿡
ǡֻͮͮǣûðɣϾǽ°ԡúúÿǡԷ͵
⵹Ҳǣ鰡¡ظ˵һ飬·
⻰˼ԷҲס
ڰʾ£ҲӦץˡ
ôأǵôװͿȻһûû˵ġ
ܷ˵Էʱ䣬ҲȷԷʱˣΪĸ˵չϣԼŮܹٵˣȻġ
һ㣬ôûıġ
Ĭ
Է㣬ֻгĬӻС
û뵽棬ͮͮǽǸء˵
ţҲû뵽ʵԷر˵ҦͮĻ飬᲻ỹһء
һҪûء
⻰˵
ǽ˭أš֪㣬ǡ
ˡ˵Ļϡ
Էģһ
䵹Ҳգ޷͵գշҲˡ
С㣬𡣡ǭZȼ΢Цƿţ֪Ҳڣ͵ǵ̸ˣôʱţȵ˵ѽԭ̫̫Ҳء
ôλŮʿ𡣡
䵹ǱСŮЦˣǾ߰ɣǼҵС˾
̫̫˵꣬ǭZȼһ롱ơ
ԷͣȥǭZȼЩӡ
û޵ĵطҲԷѴ
ģѰ
ǰʱûпǹκκͳˣ˵͸˸ĸģȷɶˣٺŮһܣģҴš
ԣǰʱѹûоá·жôʲôġ
ڣһξãѰ
·Ѱ
лҪ˵
£
߿һ
߿СǾͲҪ׼Ӣۣ۾ͺ
ſģӴ
ֵ׾ʤ
Ǿͽ
Ȼµļأͺˬ
ҪӴ
֤׼֤棲ǦʣƤӣ.ɫˮԱʵȵþ߼ǵñӴ
͡
ٸ󲻿˵һ䣬߿Ӵ
ôôա
аһǣȣţŨq?



98 
°𡣡ռҪܾ, Ҳ, °ʱǸһͨ绰ȥ
, , °𡣡û˿ɺɵЦݡ
, Ҹͣȡ˳Ͼͳȥ㡣
, ҵ˵仰ʱ, , ֡ĸо
һôϲˣΪȴ, һ˷ʱ, Ҳһܿĵ顣
ʣûǸĵģҲԸ˷ʱȥ, Ķɵġ
ɴ˿, ȴϲȸԾ, ȴտ°ࡣ
Ҳ, һֱǲϲˡ
ǣȴ飬غڡȵǸˣ˭
£æûʱȥֶ˷ʱ, ǣΪҪǸ㣬ΪҪȵ㣬ԣĸԸ˷ҵʱ䣬ĥҵľ
ЩǺȤ飬ҲΪǸ㣬ϲ
Ȼ
ųȥӺĸգȴûô롣
˵֪Լʲô飬ȥӺģӲ֪ӦҪʲô飬ȥԺ硣
Ҳ֪ʲôʱǸͷ
ûҪ¿ʼĴĻǲӦáһʼͶء
ҡ
Ѿʲôǵ˰
ôܡϲء
Щǹͬ飬ڡϣǵõˣֻһѣȻ֪˲ˡѾֻʣһˡ
ô
ǲӦã㱣־룿
ţҲǸĵط˰ɡ
ΪѾȥˡ
ꡣ
ʱ
Сʱ죬ܣ¡

ʲô÷Ųµأ
ŮգӵСӤһ4СŮˣƼš
ԣȥǶ飬աӦѾ˲Ŷ԰ɡ
ķ˵ĻΪʲôءΪʲôԺ鲻Խء
߹Լǵ͹Ƕθɱ
Ҳ
ʱһʼڣûС¡
õ𣬷ŵ¡
ԭΪǺ»¿ʼθ飬ǡûз¹θ顣
ûз¹̸ֺ𡱣
ؾͣˡ
տվͣԶԶģ򴽣ʵôվڰ칫ҵȲͺˡ
ŲҪΪһ̣һ۾Ϳ㣬Ҳ㡭һ۾ܿҡ

ú𡣡
ţûʲô˳ۺ˰ȫ
ȥգ𣿡ѯź
ȻǵĿľȥСЦŻش˵һ죬˾С㣬ıֻҪŬ˵ԺҲշӦʱ䣬ֻԹԵشյյձߣһ£һǡ
УǳǳĿںӡ

ںǣûжӦ
һ·ϳڶǳĬ
˺һԼ޷һɳĬƵģƵһ˵һô
ţ籾ǿŸյĲģΪͻȻع
ǡյ˫Ȼעǰ˵ķӦȴеƵģʳָ˵ԼգҲǸոա׹ĵط
ʲô˼粻̫ףյָ
ҵ˼ǡһ򶼡ôôҲĴ𰸣տܱȺ籾˶Ҫɡ
ûлش𣬶ǼŸա
һûеõӦճһ̵ͣµĻᣬͷȥ磬öרע񣬡ţ
ȫûม񣬺רעҲҪԼİɣֻѡ

ǲӦáССĸһ£
ǡֶ˼У
վãҪûˡ
Ժ磬ġһ취ûС
׶԰ͣóԺ󣬸պͺһȥڵİ༶
ڼ䣬һֱĶŸ˫֡
šǣ
衫䡫СտԼԺ󣬱㻶رĻ档
ȻֵûرסԼŮ
Сգụ̂ţҲ˫֣ŸҪһ
ջ⣬˵Ļȥر˵̣Ҳ㡣
ţ
Ҳ㣿
Լ˵Сһ
ջһСͷͷЩ̿ôţһѱס˸գ
С㣬˼ܴܲһءڰ༶ʦߵ˵ϴ¼Ժ֪ԭ׶԰ϰ壬ɾôϰҲ̫ã¹ظգ͸ദôõӣƺҲǰѸյŮ۵ģ˵պִ˵ĻһСʦɱΰ
ţʲô飿ʦ̸һ㶼⣬ʵϣϴε֮ȷ׶԰԰׶԰ʲô飬ʦ԰ֱ㱨
ǹڸյ顭
ԣһ۸գգһ˫۾ԼСչԣȥǱߺ̺ʦЩҪ̸̸ţ
ţһڱӦѿĻܵȥ
տźʦߵһȥһǸԼŮйصɡ
˵
ΪʲôҪһ׶԰ء
飬ô롭̫԰ɡ
һȻŮӦǲǵõģôСӺ޹Ҫ׶԰ءǹ˾ҵ׶԰ȫմϱߣô붼ְ
һߡ
ڰﱻ۸𣿡ҪĵĻСһﱻ۸
ǡֻǡϴСձϴ̫̫Ķ۸Ժ̫̫׶԰ֹΣûֵãҲͣˣĶҲѾԺȰˣǡΪ̫̫֣ԡֹΧСѣЩСѵļҳǣ˵СûаְֵĺӣЩﴫȥ»˺Сաʦ˵ñȽпϣϾһɰĺӣҲҪ˺
ֻǣֶһʼģǴ˾֪ĵزʱ²ģҲܱġ
˼ס
ҺԺͨУأҪҪߡС㣬ϵһСյĸףΪУ߻ٰһաĻҳѧУιСϿεı֣СУһò֮ģֻҪСյĸ׳ĻȻͻ᲻ˡ𣿡յ˵򵥱ݵķʽˣֻҪӵĸ֣Ȼ¶ĻôǸȻͻʧ
ʦѡȸߺ磬ΣپҪҪ˵
кյ˵𣿡ʳ仰ôζ
ûУ԰ҵ˼ǣʿ
ġҪһھͻؾַҪСյĸ׳أĹĺӺ͸յĻͲˣôûӸ׵飬ӵĸףҲûгֹɼûѸĸŮ
ǣԽô룬Խǲζȴûа취ؾʦһȷһܹСյ˺͵ķҲûǸʸؾ
յĿɣ翴һСնĵĸգվûĻǾһСվÿԵķʽͺˡ
Ҳڵķ򣬲һ˿ʧ䣿
ôˣź糯ԼԵġû֮ǰЦݡ
ҡҡͷʵʵ˵ˣЩյ飬ʦҪ˵˵꣬ԹԵأӸյĻﱧա
оķӦͻȻе䵭ղԾüüȫǲ⡣
С㣬ãģյ顭ʦսһ顣
ԺͷʾԼˣȻֿźһԡҲˡӣʦոʦǺ˵Щ
ǵģС˼أ˵һжΪ׼顭
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ŵ˵Ļôߵġ
ϾԭܡǸգһ˵ļҡ
Ǹպɷ򣬻Сգһġһԭûλõļҡ

죬ʱյʦ˵飬Ҳ֪ˡҲʵʦ˵ķȷЧģϾǡայĸ׳ϯҲӦáԽ˵Խܣ·Գһ㣬ҳסһ𣬵ȷǺܷ㡣
Ҳ˼ףһˣʲôɷ򰡣ʲôףСոûиװ
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һǺϲ㡣ΪΩһһףʲôϲˣԸʱ飬ͱһʱûйġ
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ÿΡ̵СյʱܾáһרƵġ̲ס޵ΪĺİյϣӦûæҹɣ
רңҿɲҵֻѧϰţôȥһѡͻȻͣ

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ǡܶ飬ȴ񶼲һˡ
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䣬䡣
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죬ʦ˵ѧУġաรҪȥϿΣһԷСööࡣСո߸սʦõҪǸҳ˵ա顣
ţ֪һԼŮͷʶĿһۺ磬˵һ׼ʱġ
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֣ͻȻģ§ԼҲԼܹ§øһֻ֣ȥǣס֣ʮָۡ
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ᵽʱûģյǰ˵귢ƬΣȻ󡭡ǰȱĺ硣
ȻѾǵˡ
ûйϵ
һ̣ͻȻ;ãûйϵ
ֻҪúõģš
úõģпԼԡ
ûб⣬ܹеĵˡ
ʱ˿̣ģԼ§ڻ档
ȵģǾȵģѾ㹻˰
ûʲôȡһܹ㣬飬ֵҸеˡ
ûʧȥաûϵʧȥ磬Դ˿̵ڣѾ㹻ˡ
á
á
ã㻹ڡ
лҪ˵
룬ڣأþ㣬Ҫһѽ
ģβĲء
ţ˵һ¡
պܾᣬʵҲܾᣬһֱھӦôȥ֣յľᡣ
ⲢһֻҪո¿ʼܹ¿ʼ⡣
Ҫ¿ʼ˵ѣѣ˵򵥣Ҳ򵥡
ǸյľᣬһѿȥĿ
һֱиоһӹɵģԽǰԽη
յп־Ӱģ޷ٳһʧȥһˡ
Ҳ֪ܹܲ󣬾ǡ㵱ѾʹʹʹһˣȻʱ䣬ѾԼȥϰûˡ
Ҫ¿ʼҪܴģΪһ¿ʼζܻʧȥһΡ
һΡճܲ
ȥѡѡΪ硣
˵ϲʱ򣬸һϲõģǶҪҪһԥġ
ԥǣԼ˵Ȼ԰ɣ
и˵Ҫ
˵Ǿͷְɡ
ʵϣ˵־ܾĻ
žָо
Ҹ˱Ƚ϶վĵ㣬ǲѡĵ㡭
С黹ã޹ؽҪ飬Ͼѡԣ
һ漰ʲôҪ飬޹شСҾͻܡȥѡ
СҸʱѡ⣬
ΪܶΡÿΣѡʱܻȷ𰸲
ѡǰһ̣пǹȷ𰸵ģȴûѡ
֪𰸵ʱ򣬰ûڲѡ
ϣȣÿһˣܹţҲ˵ȷɣǣʺԼѡ
Լûڡ
ǣţ
󣬲Ҫƪղ?


100 
ү, ˻ˡӶڿ
ıֽ, ۺ÷һ, ӺŮ, ӭȥ
λŮʿôô, һͻˣЦʵ
ѽɶǼҵС˾ȼȼ, ȥҺԷһءӹ, ͵
˵, ߵʱͣûȼȼĳһؼҲûȼȼ, ԭȥͽ˰Ц˵
ϰҪлѽ, ҰǼҵ仨ȫӻؼءǭZȼ˱˻ԡ
Ҹ仨ʲôѽ̿
ҰҵȻһòѽǸò绨, Ҿ͸
˵ԷҲ̲סЦ
ôһ˲䣬Է롭һĿ, ܹһֱܰȥ, жð
Բáȥ, 飬öԸĸȥеʲôֻǡ򵥵ģǭZȼ, ͺˡ
ǭZȼĽ㣬жá
Ȼ֮䣬ûѪԵϵǡְʼաǭZȼĽ㡣
飬ϵš
ʼն޷ı䡣
ҲһֱԷĹڡ
ԴǭZȼԼԼġоǭZȼԴĲͬϹӣܹüǭZȼĸ飻ҲӣܹüԼʧǸɵӣȻסǭZȼ֮ġ顣
㣬ʱ򣬴ôȷ
ǣоֶһʼԲףװףӦǭZȼһһ̣֪飬޷ѹֵġ
⡣
ǣѰ
˺ˣҲƶˣ͵ǻءǿ԰ɡߴٵ
ǣ㲻ˣԺʵ
ˣҾͻ÷ļ˳һи֣óȥءһԻشӶ궼Ҫڡ
ϰһӦ갡ڹ˾ĿôǭZȼһڷôһʡ
ǣʵҲ㲻Ӧ꣬ɶѡ豭һڲ裬ˣͮͮİְֺҲȥ
ม𡭡ԷͷһȤȱȱӣԵⲢ̫Ȥ
һꡣ仹ǷԸӶһ񣬡һúȾƣθȾҲãȳԼڲ˵Ӱɣ˾ϣ
ǣŴˡЦӦʵϾһѵūͬʱҲŷĹġ
˵ͮͮҲ˰ɡӣһڲ˳ԣԷĬĬԷӣô˵
ţˡɡ
ˡɣʲô˵˻ɡʲôü̫Է˼
ѽϰ֣˵ˣд㲻Ҳ˵ǡ˰ɡ顯˵ûֶûһƲأû飬лڻĿǭZȼᣭ죭Է͵
ǭZȼԽԽûûС˰ôôְ˵ءװӣлְֺú˵ôôͿʼְˡ
Ҳ˵ʵû飬˭֪ءǭZȼţҲϰ֣ˣϰ񰡣ǾװģˣһСͮҪڻء
㿴⺢ӣô˵ôģ㶼ʮˣ˵ôûûС֪صģ⻰ҪҦ˼ָ಻ءʱֹϾǭZȼ⻰˵Ҳ̫Ƿȱˣһ˼Ҹĸö಻ʹ찡
ѽСͮƽʱҲû㣬ô˼Һõ㣬˳أŻڻڻġҲǻ
ǭZȼ⻰ֱ̲סۣ򴽣Ӳİѽ˵Ļ̻ȥˡ
ǣֱûͨ
Ǳ鲻ǻûôûʹڻڻĿҡֲ֪Ҧͮͼ飬ҪŬ˵Ҧͮڻ飬ء
Ȼɡô˵ҲǰУһǲУд۲һʱգ
ǭZȼǴĵ棬ϣܹҦͮһġ
ĳҦͮϲ㣬ҦͮƺҲиоãȻϲֺαػĥء
ᡭˡ
飬룬ͻá˺ѹ
˵
ǼһҦͮһˣУҲһ
˵ſӣȴͣ¶ͻȻǭZȼԷ㣬ǲ֪Щʲô
ϾҦͮϣǭZȼԷ㶼һھƺ֡϶Ҧͮ󲻻˼
ûаԷԵñȽϵֱŷ۾˵ûУҦͮ᲻飬Ҳôöѣ˭֪ء
Ҳ߷ġ
俴һ۵ȻԷ㣬ȻתͶǭZȼϡ
裬㲻ÿңʲô֪ҸСͮ㣬Сͮҽô찡ǭZȼѵ
Է㶼Ѿ̬˵֪ˣ϶ҲܲԷ̨˵ɣɲ¶ڶô
ɱ֪ڰҦͮʲô鰡Ҳ¶ҪҦҦְ֪ͮĶ鰡Ҧͮ£ǲҪȥᣭ֣֪֪ͬСɣһᣭ֣СͮĻûɣǸǸ֪֪
һһ֮Ĵɡ
ͬ
Ͼͷһġ
ǣϻҲ˵úãʮһ׮飬˼ҵ£һǾ˼ǲľ
ɵˣᣭֻ֣øѡ
٣ôġ
ܹǲϣԼŮȥƻ˼ŮĻ¶ô˵ôû
ǭZȼ״ĵͷǴӦˣҲôġ
ᣭ֣Ҧͮ¶ǭZȼԲᣭᣭ֣ģᣭ֣ᣭ죭˰ɡ
ͻûë
ԷֻüоٷҪԲȥˡ
ζͬ
°
ɾǴʲôʱһ˽£ȫ˵£
飬ǺҪ
ҪԵǸ˲ſԡ
ԷǸԵأ
Է㲻ΪҦͮǸԵˣǲҦͮǸԵˡ
ֻǣϣҦܹͮɡ
С
ԼҲǡ
飬ģûȥ
Ρϣͷġ
Է㲻ҪЭֻǾáȻԺ󶼲ˣô٣ϣٶҪ˳һЩĸ˼ġ
٣ϣܹ˳ǵ˼˳Űɡ
ϾҪʮˣóʵȴҲò飬Ǿǡͷڽȥ
ò
Ҫ˺ǭZȼΪء
Է㿴ǭZȼ
ܹоǭZȼ̫ģ㡭ǭZȼûп
ټϣͷ䲻ϵظʾ
ǵ̬ȣȻˡ
ԷͻȻá
ܣһʼʹˡ
ò˳ӣڸĸЭʵڽڽڰˡ
Ҳûнܹ飬ֻǴûа뷨ŵ̨桭ʼվãԼҲҦͮһҪ顣
ȻҲǭZȼ˵Ҧͮδػʱ򣬷Ӧô
Ҳȷ¡һжһΣΣҪ˳ͷ˼Ӧ
ڿ
ܹòˡ
׵飬ٴӦ
ΪǭZȼѹ
ǡ飬Ҳȥǡ
ΪҲøĸѹ
Ȩ󡭡٣Ŀǰ˵ܹ뵽ģԱ˴˵˺͵ķˡ
ҳԱˡԷ꣬˵Ժ󣬱Լķ䡣
ͷ䶼Щסûлع
ӡС
ԷһֱܹɣȻ١ǼûйղֳôԵĲ˵

ǭZȼҲһ㶡
湦ǵ㣬Ҳûа취׷Էȥ
ֻܹװ˵ϰ֣㣬ҽˣ㿴ں˰ɡ
һ䣬ʮĻ뿪
ϣֻ񣬺˼ķ䡣
ţҲ˵ˣü
뷨ŮˣҲԼ뷨еͻҲο
ðɣǾֻܽƺˣʱˣҲˡ˿ʱ䣬ҲóˣҡҲûð
ѽÿ̯ӶҸʰҸ㵱СȤ
ŴӢЦ˵
˿߰ɣƨˣٺȵƣǵؼҡڰ֣ߡ
Ŵˡ˵ţҲ뿪ˡ
俴뿪ıӰԶȥֿӵĲˣһ˾Žųԡ
һߣǭZȼ׷Է㣬ķſڣϵţסŰ֣ȴǳٳûתŰѡ
һվűߺһ̾һɿ֣Լķ䡣
Ҳڲһʺֵĺʱɡ
ǭZȼԷԼĿռ䡣
վſˣΪʲôšȻǭZȼת뿪һ̣ţ˴򿪡
ǭZȼһعͷ㷢Էű߿
ﲻԷ㱾ǻ˷ģɻط־˶סȥǭZȼ˭뵽һ򿪷ţͿת뿪ǭZȼ
ǭZȼһĽ͵¡ڡš鲻̫ãᡭ̫ҡ
ʲôءǭZȼ֧֧ģԷ㲻֪ôģһۣ
ǭZȼ˹ȥԷ˷䡣
һ˷䣬ԷתؿǭZȼ˭û˵·Ѿһ㡣
Է̾һֱסǭZȼ
ûţԱƱȽƽҲᡣ
Ͼڼ棬ͬһ䷿ŵĻܾášͷ룬鷳Ͳˡ
㡭㡭ˣǭZȼҲԷ˼ڼڼǺԷġ
š
Ϊְָո˵Ļô
š
ʲôò˵İǭZȼΪԷΪȥᣭ֣ҦͮŲ˵ģϾԷҦͮôõѹϵء
ϰֶ˵ˣȥᣭ֡СͮĻ£ǾͲȥᣭ֡£ǲᣭ֡ԡᣭ졯νߣжԲʲôò˵ģ㿴˵ĶеǭZȼοԷ˵
ۡǭZȼϷͦģԷûסЦ㵹ͦᡮƻľġ
ʲôƻľôô˵أǡͶȡɡ̫ˡҲϰ̫˭Լ˵ءǭZȼ׼ᣬʹԼϰ֣û취Ϊ˺Լϱֻóϰˡ
Ҳдȵģֲѽ
㰡ˣЩСԷε˵
аҾ˵ĺеѽͱ𲻸ǭZȼԷļ
ûҡҲΪ顣Է͵˵˵ţϱûЦݡ
ǡΪǭZȼҲЦ
ֻǾáš̫һЩԷ·Գһ˵ղţְ˵̬ȣҾáţʵҲк̵һɡ
̰ǭZȼͷ΢˼һ˵ʵҲ̵ġ
ţԷǭZȼָָȴôȷ
ҵ˼˵ʵĲϲȥ飬ȫп׵ġ̵ְһ棬Ҳ̵һ档߲ìܡǭZȼûб˼ȷϣԷܹס
˼ԷҲӣ㰡ͱˣзִ磬е顭оġ㲻Ҫġ
šǵġ
ֻǣҲżоûĵʱ
ˣ˵Ҫ
ǳֻǹ˾Ҫ֯ҵȻȥϳǭZȼ͵
ȥ
еĶȼɽׯԷ⣬ǭZȼһһش
ǡȥ죿ͻȻ;Щ᲻ˡ
졣һ
ม졭ԷЩʧ䣬찡оþð
ۣôھ᲻ˣǭZȼƤüһĵ⡣
ţ᲻áԷ󷽵ĳˣ˵᲻áͻ᲻ȥ𣿡
û뵽õһ֮ĻشǭZȼеסˡ
šڣǻûôҲȥѰҵĻԸҴ绰ƵҲ԰ǭZȼе㾪ȣΪԷûǰֳЩΣ磭һ棬Σ磭ģۣǭZȼ
˾֯ĳΡǣ˾߲㣬ֻȥ𣿡
Ȼǰбĸ߲Ҳȥŵľܼ࣬иգҲȥ˾Σÿ̶ȥôֻһǭZȼ̲סЦ
ԷĬ˰ΣǭZȼЦŵģû˵
šô
ǭZȼüװһȻӽ˵ޡ֪ˡǲΪھ;᲻ıңû࿴Ҽ۰
šԷͷȻ˵㳤ˡ
ʲô˼
šǼȼȼҲܹһλɫ쵼ߵݣ˾֯εĻɳ˺ܶ࣬ġءϡǡ
ˡ
ʲô˵ѵڿңǭZȼ죬Բ̫ͬԷ˵
Եڿ佱㡣ƫƫԷ㻹ǳӵġſ佱
ҡ
ˡ
Է㣬裬Խ𡣡
Է㿴һǭZȼ㶣ȻŻشķ˵ԡ
ԭȼȼҲƿ߽
ѽοοְĽ㡫ǭZȼǹô˵ġ
⺢ӡЦЦ֪˵ǭZȼʲôˡ
ˣԷ㣬ͱְֵˡԷԱߣְҲǹģֻȷǴ£СͮȻˣȥңô˵̫á
ţ׵ġԷͷ˳˵ûְֵֻǽ칤̫ˣԳԱطϢϢѡû
ûְֵͺãȻְֿɵˡЦŴȤˣʲôء
ޣڸҽ㽲幫˾ҲһȥСҪ̫ҡǭZȼƨĲˡ
ɰܵģ㲻ߣû׼㻹ɲأûԺúһء
ǭZȼƲƲ죬һ̫ӣŲᣬҽˣҲڣһҵģԲԣǹڷǰô˵ġ
Ҳɡ
Ϊ޷Էڼǰǣܹ֮ܵĹϵ˵۵Ļֻᣬ׷ŹȻҲų֡šơ͵顱ĸоáǣܴ̼ء
ġ͵顱Ҳ
㣬㲻ڣҿˡԷǭZȼǷС˼ԡǵŷ棬һĻӦ㡭ڻӦⷬʱԾɡⲻĸо
ãܹ湦װһӡ
ٺ١ԷشǭZȼ˵Ĳˣֵһ§סԷ㣬ţ£ڷǰҲãԼԷ֮ʲô
ˡЦֹˣȼȼȻԼһЩġ
ǭZȼϵɫ䣬ȴڴģѻ˵ôֱڸȥˣԷҪʲôǲģ
มǭZȼͷӦ֮ǰװ֮ƳһԷ㡣
ֻɫ糣
ôġ
Ͳö֪ˡ
ǭZȼ˷䣬Ժ󣬷ŸԷĳ˵֪ЩŤְҲ֪ûжģǲϣȥᣭ֣˼һѡ
֪ǡͮͮõѣϣѡˡ
Ƕ֪ͮͮõѣϻ˵Щʮһ׮飬ͮͮȻҪ飬ȻԼ뷨䰲οԷ˵ʱԽѣϵԽܣ˵ԽҪأҲôˣӦ˼
ţסװ
Уְָ˵ˣȼȼ棬ǹ˾Ǹˣǽһ˶ٷ
šԷû뵽֪£϶λԼ˵ȥİɡ
оôеʵ
ô
ôûϵôٿһ룬ҲԣλҪĲԷҲͻȻϯˣ˵ǣŮԷԵһߵˡ
Ҳ뿴ˡ
Ǿٻʱٿ
Էü
һڴϵ֣ץס˱裬Ҳȥˡ
֮ǰȥĺúõ𣿡仹ţ֮ǰ񿪿ȥûܾΪѾ뿪ˡ
֮Ҳȥˡ
ʲôԭ򣿡
ûԭ򡣡Է̾һһʼȥҲΪҪȥȥġҴӦΪͰְʧѣҪ顣
Ͱְ֡ûбھͽ˼ֻǡϣܹȥӴӴѣûкʵġĵģȻٿ˼ҪҪһ¿Ż˵
裬ʲôһأ˵ףͰְֻҪҽ顣Է磭ƣˤҲҪ飬飬ֹڲᣬҲġ
ҪһӶһ˹𣿡
ΪʲôУһҲܺãΪʲôͲܹһ˹һӣ
ǽְ費ˣ˭չ㣿һҪôչ˺Լ
裬Ϊʲô;áһҪչءҿʮˣѾһĳˣҿԼչ˺ԼҲҪչҰſǭZȼһ飬һҲԺܺõչ˺ԼΪʲôһҪұչأ
Ҳ˵ˣѾʮˣʮչ˺Լţɵȵʮ꣬ʮ꣬ʮʱأʱҪôչ˺Լ
Է̲סЦˣЩκͳЦҽˣϰʮʱҵһͲϰʮûչң
Է仰÷޷
ֻչ˵Ļֻǵĵûܹչ˺ҵĻҿ뻤ӶˣǶչңΪʲôһҪΪչңȥѡأ
һ˹һӣ㲻¹µ𣿱˶Ҹļͥкӳлϥµʱֻһˣ㲻ùµ𣿡
һҲԹĺܺðÿ˵ѡ񶼲һԷѵԼ촽ҲҪһҪȥѡ˶һԼҪģõġ
⺢ӡεҡҡͷĬ˺һԼҲԷ㹻侲ʱ䡣
ſ˵ҪһЩʱĻҺְֶ㣬ո˵飬ſɡ仰뿪ˡ
һֱڷ͵ǭZȼײ˸
ǭZȼţͲ֪˵ʲôãҲֻǿһۣû˵ʲôߵˡ
ǭZȼվűߣŵͷԷ㣬Ųߵǰӣȥ
ǭZȼûп˵Щʲô
Է˵ˣҲģԺҲȥˡҪԼ˿̵ľģǭZȼ
šǭZȼ򴽣Ӧţ֣ԷգĴָָĦƤ
¶˿ĵҪ˵Ļ
㲻¹µΪҲģһչһӵġ
͡Է㱻ǭZȼⷬĻЦˣǭZȼ˼ڽŸղźͷ֮Ļ⣬ڸԼӦ
ǺðҪ˵㻰ƭҡԷ֣ḧǭZȼͷ
šǭZȼԷߵķ˿õһԣҿıðҰǾԲƭġǵãڼ
ǡãҳȥ߰ɡԷ֪ǭZȼ˼Ͼڼ棬˵̫㡣
ð
˵ţǭZȼվԷ㣬һȥɢ
ϵķ磬΢ǭZȼǣԷ֣·ߣӼڣһ·ԡ
ԷͷԼϵЬӣȻģ·ߵСʯӡ
ǭZȼͷԷ㣬ãڿʵôͻȻ˵Щ
ЩԷ֪ǭZȼʵʲô˼ƫƫװɵ
֪˵ʲôǭZȼҲգЦżʵ
šΪƣˡԷͣ½Ų·ߵϣˮҪٱײˣҲҪѹ

ǭZȼϵģԷͶĿ⣬֪ԼϣԷҲŰɡ
ȷ㡭ôȥԷ㣬Է㣬Ⲣ֪Է׵ʱѹ
ûСʧԷĿǭZȼڵĴ𰸣е飬ǭZȼ˵ǡ
ûСǭZȼҡҡͷ
ԲҲѡҲ¸ҡ῿ǭZȼļͷǸš
ûϵͺˡ
Բ𡭡
ø˵ԲӦллŶԡǭZȼ΢ЦţԼͷԷԼԣܹԼ۾
ţлʲô
лл㣬మϣǭZȼͷȥ
лл㣬һᰮҡ
лл㣬ܹమ
лл¸ҡ


101 
Ѿʰ𣿡翴ŷɳԵ, ʵ
, Ͼ˰Ҳ˳ź߿ȥ, Ϻһʰ, ôôʡ
Ķأôʲôؼ𣿡Ҳ˳ʵ, Ϊ쿪ʼСվͲڼˣҲԼȥˡ
šûʲôҪġԼ, ҲôЩʲô, Ķ, ûеĻͺˡ
šȷûʲôҪߵĶ𣿡ίĽʵ
ûаɡյĻشԥ, ̫׺ʵ˼, ˼ȥһºˣԷһһȥɡ
ô˵, ߻ط䣬¹һ, ûʲôⰡ, ôĶ, յҲˡ
ʵֻȥȼѣϴϴͺˣҲôʲôģ¹ġ
˵
տ¹ŵһŵ
ôһ, оһ
ǰõʱ¹ﻹԵЩտյģΪֻڷԼѡ
ٿڣԴӺסԺ󡭡
ת֮䣬¹Ѿ
ʼģֻü·½½˺öණ֮⣬İЬӣױƷֶѾÿһ
ÿһܹĺۼ
񡭡һ
·һֱһͬģûǰһ⣬ûһ˿̡ԭһģ
ĸо̫ˡ
չô룬ѾҪϢˡ
ΣҲ̫һЩ
õ¡
һˡ
ҲǡϣܹԼסЩӵԭ֮һɣûԼͷ֮ǰϣܹʱͺֿ侲һʱ䡣
Ҫܾ磬ҪҪܾûãֻǡһֱͺԽԽĻܺ¡ֲ壬ʲôʵģʲôξ
Ը˵һԭǡȻ飬Ҳֻǡԭ
ʧȥһݼ䣬СյĴڣںܶʱѸգ˵ǡǰһУġ
룬šûҲûԹȥǸ׼ɣᡭʲô̬ȥڵĺ硣
С
ǰ飬Ҫߺ
պͺమ飬Ҫ
ҲСյ飬Ҫ˵
ʵڡ̫̫飬ø벻𰸣֪漰йعȥЩ飬ҪҪߺ硣
֪˹ȥ飬ֻʲôӦ
Ҳ£֪࡭̼
̫ģȷ磭ˡ
ڡҪʱ侲
䣡û𣡵ʱҪСձһֻĿɫСһһܵץסյ֣˷ܵ˵
ţ׼أ𣿡ԼŮͷ˵
׼͵ˡСЦĺܿģ¶˰˿ء
ţ߰ɡǣСյ֣߳䣬һֱһԵĺ磬߰ɣȥϰ࣬Ȼͻع˾
áͷ²ǺܸߣǾ¶Цݣɨ˸պСյͷ
տһķӦû˵ʲôֻоеƵģҲ˵ʲôоֻĬĬ䣬һ˼š
ʮӺ
Ϊر磬·Ͻͨ״úܶ࣬ûô³͵ˣհѳͣãһ绹ڳϣȫûн⿪ûдҪ³˼
տһͷģʵô𣿡
̧ͷһ۸գ򴽣ǾС˵Zȼ˵Դȥġ㡭
ţմ׺˼ȴѻ˵ȥ
㡭ҪҪҲһȥã˼Ѿˡ˵󣬺ое㺦ߣ⻰ô˵ô˼ġ
֮ǰ˵㹫˾飬𣿡Դź磬еЦ˼ϵĶ³Դô
˾顭Ҽ첻ҲûϵȥԺ󣬸ܿԹܣǡߵĻֻһ죬㡭㡣
һΡָо
ʣڸУһһšȻ١޵ļУȷûһˣȻܹһ̶ֿͷ
ʱ侲룬Ҳͦµģա˵һһУһһǣеϲŭ֣ȫ
ϧǣѾжˡ
ҡ
ң
ϵĶ³ֻǰŻù档һ˫۾רעĿŸա
šе㣬׵˼
֮ǣֻңǶԴҡ
ֻ㣬Żңòҡ
û뵽õ֮Ĵ𰸣նʱЩ֪ӦλӦĻ
š򴽣Եеִ٣´ΰɡ´κһΡңգһȥ棬𣿡Ҫǡ
һΣȥ𣿡Ź⣬˰оһƵġͺܰ
ţӦʵ
ǺãҵġһΡ˵Ժ󣬺¶Цݣü۶ģԺܸ˵ӡ
šҲչüۣоոƵҲΪǰЦݣʧ١
룬ܹһ飬ȥε˰ɡ
⿪ȫ³֮ǰŤŤ˵һ䣬Ҫǵÿ춼Ҵ绰
ţÿ죿
СղڣҵȻԡҪҴ绰ʳָ½ǣһȦһȦȻɿپһȦһȦĶ᲻øյĻ˵ģȴֱһ˼ǾԼһСС档
áȻ֪˼ȴҲƣֻӦ˵á
ǡˡĴ³
տգͻȻס֣ؼˣҲҪչ˺ԼÿҪǵ˾㣬ҪԼ֪𣿡
ţֲСӣ֪ôչ˺ԼŸ߶߶һӵģ롭òǰҲСڿ˰ɣ
šǾͺáյͷ
𣿡
ʲô
Ҫ˵ĻҪҵ飬𣿡Щ̿оմ˿̵ӣɵɵģÿɰ
տһڳҲգһ˫۾ԼСգҧҧ촽
ţü
հһᣬһֻסԼŮ۾һָֻϺգһǣȻĶ˵Ҳġ
ԣһ䣬Ҳ˫֣סգţҲǡ
վζݵӵ
֪ͺ¿ʼж೤
ԣѡˣñ˴˶㹻Ŀռ䣬ܹ˴㹻ȴʱ䣬Ҳθȴʱ䡣
ȷʲôĽ
ֻ֪Щ̫õĶ̫죬ٵļҲԽ
ԽãԽ顣
ǰһУճֵչʾ
飬Ʒ
Ҳǡ
лҪ˵
ϡ
滹¸¡


102 
С㡣Ӷ˸ճܻǭZȼһɾë
ллǭZȼӹ, ˳ڵл
ùë, ʼϵĺա
, ô簡ǭZȼߵ, ԷѾһ￪ʼˡ
ţҲ簡
һô簡
, 緹ɣȥϰࡣԷ˳һ, ݸǭZȼ
ǭZȼԷݹ, һ, ûҪֽӹ˼Ǿҧһڡ
, ιʳplayĸо治
Է㿴ǭZȼģ, ֪ЩʲôˣҲûдֻЦЦ, Ȼ˵Ͱ, ˡ
ǭZȼŴӹοʼԡ
ǽɡ˾Ρ
, ԰
ʱü𡣡ԷѾ, һ߿ǭZȼ̧ͣۿһ¿ıӣˣʵƽʱǰŻ𴲵ġ
졭ǿˡ
ûⰡųأʱ´, õġʱ֣ܳǭZȼȫż
šԷͷʵأʰ𣬣еʱʱȵģǵó䶼ҪУһɡʱʪˡ
ǭZȼ⻰ͣڳεĶеɵĿԷ㡣
ţôˡ
С㡭Щʰ·ʱ˵ˡǭZȼͷһΣһֳԴԷЦ˵
ม𡭡ûзԭЩˡ
˵
Ҳкóһʱ䣬ûǭZȼֿôˡ
ʵ˵ãҲð
嵽һѣҲ͡졣
졭
šҹ
Ҳð
Ҳ֪ôģԷô᲻á
ԴǭZȼʼǭZȼûзֿôʱ䣬첻ܼ桭
ʲôʱȻҲʼ̬޷԰ءյ˵ԷһֱΪԼһǺܶˣھǭZȼһǰԼζ뵽ҲСһɡ
ôоֵֹģʲôôǭZȼһ˳մνָ֭
ǡ⼸칤е࣬Ҳ̫ǵҲ˵ЩɡûʲôԷ㿴ǭZȼԵҲˣ˵Ժ𣿡
šԺˡǭZȼվ˸һ䣬ʮӣһط軻·
á
˵꣬ǭZȼطȥˡ
һʼֻΪ˶Լ˼άʶģϾǰʱҹ̫࣬ˣǷϵ˼뻹Ӱѡ˳ܣû뵽һܾôꡣ
ڰʼϲˣ糿رò˵ξǳһֺĸо޷ݣԺٳ裬ϴȥһƣо˶ˡ
٣ܶʱ򣬶ܹÿӺ鿪ʼɡ
ڲϵԷ㣬ǭZȼ뿪ĴӣҲصԼȥˣطȥԼĹ°ȴϵԼǭZȼĺ
̫̫ˡ
ǵĺա
ꡭǸеĺӣǸԼ¾Ҫõã񡭡ѾɳΪһɿĴˡ
ѾǸˡ
Լ־ͿԱסȴԼҪߣһ־ܹԼ§ڻȻףŷı仯̫죬Ϣġ
ֻһת۶ѣϸʱȴ֡ʱæ
Է㿴ƬɬԼšԼҲʮǸ׶ΰɣǸʱ򡭡ûһԼö顭
ҲûǭZȼϲ
ʲôʱʼϲأ
ϲأ
ܹ֡ϲأ
뵽Է㲻ʧЦ⼸̫æһЩɣȻĻôЩеûء
Ǳ˰ɡһţҰο˵ԼĻԷһŹ°صһ¥Ŀ
ȴͷ䶼Ѿϴãڲϳ͡
ΪǰΪˡܾȥסҦͮ飬з䶼ЩССִȻûкȷıԼ뷨Ҳ֪һǸ˵˵ġ
˿̣Էһڿ￴ǳͣⲻ˸оЩεġ
Ҳû취ܲܡͷ߻߾ȥϰɣҲ̫һЩΡ˼ǾӲͷƤߵߣк֣裬硣
Է㰡簡һ緹ɡӹʲôûзƵĿ˵
ˣҸոѾȼȼһԹˡԷ͵ѡڲһ¡
ȼȼҲԹ˰ȥĶˣôʵ
ޣһط任·˳ϴ衣һһҲãšܱȳĬûлҪá
˵ǽɣ˾ΣȼȼҲøȥǰɣ˾ƬùεĨһ׻ȻͿĨ˾Ƭϣҧһڣת˵
Ŷԣǽ졣ϵǱڿȣÿ糿һϰߣһڣش˵ȼȼܸ˲٣⺢ǳˣι˾ĳΣȫȨġ
γ㲻ȥ𣿡Ҳùһţ̣һڣ˾Ե̫࣬Щɸɵģ˺Щܡ
Ұλ鶼ȼȼͲȥˣҹ˾бĿҵȻڹ˾ˡŲϵıֽǲƾŵİ飬ʲôŴʲôżͼûرרעҲûôġ
Էأôˣְֶûпˣ⼸칤ܶ𣿡ϱֽ۷ŵһߣֺһںڿȣԷ㣬΢Цʵ
˴֮䶼ǰ췢տڲ̸·ЩִûзƵġ
ԴˣԷܾЩе죬ȴֲò˵ͷûЩ飬ʵеһپĿǰ˵ܶ飬ֻҪͲȥԡ
ʱ䣬ͷɵĿռ䡣
šЩæϵȽ϶ܻ࣬Ҫ
˵ԷҲҵҲڡ˵ʱҲ磬ôҲԼ֧ʱȨ˵أ
Է仰˼ںָ׻н鷽飬ڵԷ㻹ѡ˳ĬϾһӻ֪ôչء
һֵߣǾ鷳ˡ
ţǣŴ˵ʲôԡͷЦ˵ȷʱ仹磬ҪôҵϷܶ꣬Ҳ񸽺˷˼
ˣڹԷ׺ͽ˿ڡ
Է˲˿ĸоȻҲ֪ͷ˵ġʱ仹硱Ǹʱ䣬Ŀǰ˵Ҳֻһһˡ
ˣ֣裬簡ǭZȼϴ軻·¥ˡ
ȼȼ簡
ʰ˰ɣʵ
ϣҽһʰõģû⡫ǭZȼЦŻش
ոͷĶԻ˸š
ԷķӦҲ۵ס
㣬ʰˣ߰ɡǭZȼ˵ţߵԷߣߡ
ô磬Ķȥһʱ䣬㻹
ҽϰȥ߰߰ɡ˵ǭZȼԷߵˡ
ԷֻЦͷһкǡ裬ȥϰˡ
뿪˼ﵽ˳ϣǭZȼšָƽڼǸ龫֡󣬸͸ʲǹģҲֻԷ͸յǰ΢ԼһЩ
ǣڳɣȥλϰࡣ
ţð
ôȥλô簡ǭZȼͷһֱϵʱ䣬ڳ㵥λҲţ࣬ǵλӦûȥôɣ
šǡǿҸطһȥϰͺáԷ㵱Ȼ֪ʱ簡˵λûˣ൥λƶûҪȥˣܾһ˵Ƕˡ
ǡȥ
šֵĿȵɣøλҲֻһֶѣǿȥԷǲ˵ôţʵԤıġ
ðǡô磬￪Ŷô
ǼҺͻӪҵˣڹȥĻӦѾˡ
ǭZȼͷ㿪ֱȵꡣ
ĿĵأǭZȼԱҺõطͣó³ʱȴԷ㰴סˣţ
ڳϵҰɣȥȵģҪʲôԷ⿪ȫѾҪ³ˡ
ͺá
ãڳϵңȥȥͻ˵ţԷ³ˡ
ʮӵӣȻصϡ
ллǭZȼӹҪһ
졭оֵֹ
𡭡ԷԼǱŵԺһڡ
԰ǽ췴𴲺磬ȻҪϰ࣬ʵҲûʲôǡ˵ҪĿȵɵ֮ڳϵȥڳϺȣšǭZȼ˼ģ㡭л˵𣿡
ԷͷԼ˫ǱŵŴҲ֪ûаǭZȼ˵ĻȥֻôĬһǺ֪عƵģͷǭZȼߡ
ԵһлҪ˵ӣȴʲôû˵
ţǭZȼɵÿЦüͷԷ⸱ģʾܹ⡣
СZ
ţţ
㡭
ң
Է§סǭZȼļͷЩƲֵ˵㡭ɲԲȥ
ȥȥﰡ˳ŻشԷĻ˳㿴һ۴⣬ãȼ֮ѳˣҲڸ
šϾԷĵλͦģһͬ»ͬһλʶƼܹǲ̫õģرǡһ跽俴Ҳ̫úȥ
ϾԷڱԼơšƫ
˾ġΡ


͡ǭZȼ׹Է˼Ժ̲סЦ
žԷЩգĴǭZȼļͷ
ѽǭZȼʶһ
ʲôǭZȼסЦ⣬΢͵ͷ촽պܹԷĶߣС˵޵ĴԷĶ
Цʲô
ҡЦ
ЦʲôԷǭZȼĻע۾ʵ
Ц㰡ǭZȼЦ⣬Է㡣
ЦʲôԷƺЩǭZȼָЩĿʼȣȴƫƫѼӲĲԸϡ
ҸŹ˾ȥΰ㡭᲻ôǭZȼսԷǰһЦŵģ
Сǣ԰԰Ŀ϶𰸣˵ȴȫ෴Ĵ𰸣ܾǭZȼЦʵ̫ǷˣһԼԵģôôʹ졣
аǭZȼЦݣȴβĵĵ㿴ȫдҮ

ʵ᲻ҵĻҲԸһȥ壬㹤Ժ󡭡ͿԹĩҲϢǭZȼ˵Է㣬˳ṩõĽ飬ҡ˾ĳΣЯġĻȫ԰
ڹ˽ԷһĻȫûġ
ڹϼŶ³ĳŮμԼҹ˾λ飬˭鰡
˽˾οЯԷǭZȼŮѣҪһȥҲȫ
šȥĻǡ̫ɡԷﻹһЩٵģϾϵԱóȻȥ»ЩңҲҪˡԡҲЩҪ׼
ǡðɡǭZȼԷΪѺͽ⣬ҲٶȰ˵ʲôֻǰο˵ǡһҲ͡ѣһͻˣҵĻԸҴ绰ȵʱҲÿ绰ġ
ԷŴ֪νӻ
ԷĳĬǭZȼҲ֪Ӧ˵ЩʲôˣעԷʹŵ̲סȥĲͻȻЩʲôƵģһ䣬˵ˡ
ţ
ҡж
ʲôҪҪõĶ𣿡Է΢
šһҪĶǭZȼüЩѵ˵
ܹ𣿡
ġֻһǭZȼ¶ܰûڵı顣
ڸϿؼȥðɣʱ䣬ؼԺ󣬾ֱӸϻع˾Ǳȥ˵ȥĻǭZȼϡ
ͻȻģǭZȼĴָԷĴֹҪ˵ȥͷһֻ֣ǣԷ֣̯ģԼĿڴ

Է㻹ûס
ˣһҪĶǡô죬ԼҲûа취ߡ
ʲôԷƺʶǭZȼ˼ֲôȷ
ҵġ

оΪҵߣŻǿšǭZȼ΢΢΢ЦŽ͵
ʲôԷˣԡˣʶıҪǭZȼУأԼ֣ȴǭZȼץס֪˵ʲô
Է㣬һֱ͵ҵһ㻹𣿡
͵ʲôˡ
ҵİ͵ҵģҡԼûа취ûˡǭZȼսԷǰס
ԷȻʲôû˵ϵЦȴѾ
԰βܺһȥҲûϵЩʱҪҲûйϵΪѾ͵ҪһǭZȼָԼ֮һֱߣΪĴڶš
ǻԷ̧ͷǭZȼ¶ĸ֡
ҡаǭZȼʶıҪȴһǸסˡ
ԷһξãǭZȼô£ڡ˿ȫǭZȼĻᣬǭZȼ촽
ţѵãԷǿǭZȼ
⻹ǵһΣǭZȼԷܡԵ
лҪ˵
ϡ
ڶ
һ㻹е
ʱ򣬿Ǹһ£ҲǸ¡
ٻһ¸µ
ڴ
˵һһ£СܶʱֵıȽ侲ĮСŮ˵һ棬ʵżҲҪһԵһ氡
ÿ˶԰Եⲻ̫һ滹СԵһ棬Ҿڴôôôô
ϼ


103 
鰲, λ˳, ͰԭƻͿˡǭZȼԷȵϰʱԺ, ֱӻع˾˳öˡ
õ, λǰԭԤǣȷϡ
ҰǭZȼ룬ԭȰŵһǶ, Ȼһе, ո߹ʵλ
߹ʴŮһ, ʵش
มǸճ걨Ǽˣֻ𣿡
ǵ, ߹ʵϵʾǣֻ˺ŮСһǰ
һ, ӡΪԷһ, ǭZȼǴֱӴ绰ȷһ±ȽϺá
ιģ˾¥, ร, ͺȥЯļˣûУǺð, һ, ˡǭZȼҵ绰ȷϣ˵ҵλú͸յλðһɣ־ͺ, šԷһжĿճλãǵǰŻߺһſλ
õġļñż¼ܼ࣬ʻбķԸ𣿡
ûˣʣµİ֮ǰõļƻͿˡ
õģȥæˡ
ǭZȼͷ鱧ļȥæˡ
ƵĻ˰칫ңһԵСɳϣȻ͡˯ˡ
ˡ

ˡ

ˡ
ǭZȼ۾˯Ѽ䣬ʶıӦ۾ָһЩѣſŵǸա
ˣôˡ
С㣬֪ڼ𣬵ʱˣȥ˾¥£ˡհúԺ󣬸ǭZȼ绰Ҳû˽ӣǣԼŮֱ֣ǭZȼ칫ҡ
ǿ߰ɡǭZȼ˵ţʹҴҸϵ˾¥ȥ
˼ǸոմȥˣԳٵˣ˶𣿡տǭZȼǸ⣬Ͼγλĸˣ˳ٵˣô˵ôΰԣǰ˵ǣǭZȼ˵
ѾˣһϳͺˡСȻ侲Ľ͵
Ǻã߰ɣɡǭZȼϳˣǣСյָںҲһ˳
աǭZȼԺ˾ſ
㻹˵أȥεȫ˾˶أֹգֱҪˡհúԼŮλϵðȫŻתǭZȼķ˵
ѧ㲻˼ҴǭZȼҲ֪˼ƶˣ⳵Ҳǹ˾и߲㣬ҲûǸֹڳˣ
ûĿһǭZȼ˵Щʲôȴڳϵ˶ڣֻðѻȫʻ˶ȥ
ôˣǭZȼֹģ˳ʵ
ûʲô˵ţתͷȥչСգ׼ԳЩСʳӴ
𣡡ܹʳˣСձ۷Ź⡣
ģóСװŵģȫСհԵСʳѵóҲһֻ۱һֻˣСֱݸԼŮԼԳ̫ӴȻ˶ȼɽׯбĺóԵأСڳԵ̫һĺóԵĿɾͳԲӴ
ã䣬Сʳվֻһ㣬òã
ţǸˣԼзִ磬Լ𣿡ֻѵŮͷִ磬ԼգϾСҲҪģĻȻҪԼ
ţ˵ţСձ㿪ʼСͳԵġ
գأװԵСʳСʳʣµİװ棬㲻ʳʱ򣬾ϵ䣬𣿡
֪䡫СرɵĴӦȻʼĬĬĳԶ
ǭZȼһԾţ롭һ˳ɳõӣǲǾǸڵأ
֪ǰĸʲôӣٲҲܲǰԼϾǰԼڵԼȷǡǽĸо
ҸմСյʳ⣬ͷȥǭZȼ㿴Լ
ûС룬ѧ㡭ǰʲôӡ
ʲô˼
ûǡڵӣ;úŶʮ꣬ҵгɣѾһӵˣȻءְСսôã԰Ҿܺ͡ѧǰʱ򣬻Ǹʲôӡ
ǰþûˡ
Ǿǰʡ
Ұǰʱ򣬺ͨҲܡɡһֻ֪飬оûʲôˡǸʱͦãģȫ֪ʲô
Ǻأš֪ʲô뷨ֱ𣿡ǭZȼһֱܺڸյ飬ȻͺȥǶ飬ǭZȼѾ֪ˣÿÿ𡭡ǻãЩ˼顣
ΪӸĹȥˡమ
ȴΪ⣬ȷֿ
ղͷŴһſľҶϣ·ŴܹҶĴġડһ統ѧУʱĳƽ⡣
žǴһ𣬶ʼ塣
ΪϲһˡջߣעͶСϡ
Ȼ֮ǰǾãƺѾ˹ȥ飬ǡÿСյʱرǡСոƵһһ˫ü۵ʱ򣬸վͻ᲻ģ硣
ǭZȼû֣ϾΧ˼ǿڸеĻϢģ֣ñȥǲ̫õġ
ң֪˵˭
˵ˣĵġ͡һģȽг֣̫ˡ
šտǭZȼ򴽣ͷϵ˽ŷʵҲǣҡͬࡣǴšΪ塯ãɡ
ǣأǭZȼü
յʹǻһǸ磬籧סһ̣ĵļ٣ȻǱ˴˶֪ʲôĻǾһȥҰɡǸʱ˵İɡ
Ȼҵ˱˴ˡ塣̧ͷǭZȼߣ¶Թȥѵõ
⻰ǭZȼ΢㶣˺ü뷴Ӧѹֲסĵļ˵أѧ㣬黰š
촽ε˵黰֡ЩǺ޵ġͷֻһ˼ǵöѡڱԹ⣬ֺʧ䣬ֻǡȥʱʵڡΣȥڶԱȣ֡ʧ䡣
ʼЩڵġ
ֵø˵ǣûоرѹʲôġ
٣е˵ġ
¹ȥЩܶ࣬ܶ࣬õ飬綼ǵˣӦģȥЩ˸еѹѹֵ飬ҲһǵˣΣһϣǺõġ
ڡЩֵģ롭ܹܵס
ΪһֱŹġ
˼գҲǹ롭ǭZȼееҪͣҪøĵģֻҲûб濴ôʵġʼջںϡ
ûϵô⣬ȥˡЦŰڰ֣ΪȥЩǣģֻǡԼ̲סѹȥڵԱȶѡ
֮ǰ˵ɣСպúõˣΩһĿꡣ
ţ԰û
֮ǰô˵Ϊûɣһµˡ뷨ûиıô˵ǣ뷨ûһ˿Ķҡ𣿡ǭZȼ̽һ£ڵġ
׼ȷ˵֪ĵʵ뷨ɡ
ճĬˣȲҪ϶ûа취ȥ񶨡
˵ô֮ǰǸ˵ЯôǭZȼü٩֮൱ԡ
Ʋ죬һǭZȼأȻЯΪʲôûأ
ðɣǭZȼ䣬ʱ˵ܹӦ˰Ҫô˵ʦҲͦأ컹治ǴģǭZȼҲû̹
ǲ˵ǭZȼˣ˵գ⣬˰ɣ
ǣô˵ˣ˰ԸǭZȼˣձʾҪˡ
ֲǲ֪ǵǭZȼյյĶߣСغ˵
ôüʾǭZȼ˵ȥ
˶ӡǭZȼʾｲ̫㡣
̲ס˸ۣ˵ǭZȼҲͦģ´ҲһĴӿڴóָָֻ
ǭZȼ⣬ڳϣˡƣ㿪ʼֻ
Ҫᡣ
仰±ȻˣҲܹ³ˡ
ȻαװĲ̫ãΪЩҲԼֻһ֣ݸǭZȼ
ȻǭZȼпαװҲȷпĵӣƣջǿĳ
ҡʹڡ񡯵顣
һ±ƣھ̸Ҳ̫ЩɣϥǶܹµԷǸʲôش
ԣǾܾ
붼
ܾ˰Ҫ󣬲ȥףͬʱҲңѡġ
ţ֮С

ԣΪ˵ѡ鲻ã
ûСǭZȼͻȻ˶ͣһ£һ̾һֺγ֪ѡءֻǡķӦûôġ
ʲôӦ
ҿ⣬˺ĵ顣ǳ֮⣬Ҳں顣ǭZȼҧҧһĬĬģԹԵģڳСʳգǣСӵĻðԲôգԵĻšҲҪţһȥ
ҲܹܣԸȥ顣ǣϣһǡأǸʱ򡭡Ҫôأ磭ģûзĿܣʱѡ𣿡ǭZȼЩ֣ȴֻУٳûеݸտ
ԼĴ𰸣һնûС
á
Һͼ֮ͥ䣬ҲѡҡǭZȼĬĬóһ仰ȵʶʱɾ仰
ǣѾˡ
ǭZȼóЩ˵ʲôȴѡ˱ͣտǭZȼͷɥӣŬҪЩʲô
ȴܹ˵ڵĻŶǰο֮ġ
ֻǰοĻǭZȼԼԼ˵ԡ
ɸ֪ǭZȼҪģǰο
û뵽ˡڸԵĸУƿ
Ϊ޿κΡ
Ҫƫƫ᲻á
Ҫǰƫƫֿ粻
лҪ˵

һɣ
ҽһ壡

ᡫõ֪ȰңҲôôôôôôգţŨq?
ظҾֱظ
˵һ£Ǽ򵥵Ľһԣã֮⡭
ึʵ뵽һ飬֮ǰһֱдȵĿģһֱˡ
λô֪Ҳϲءҡ
ǸպԣҪҪָأ
ΪҸ˵ĽǶȣҾֲָ䶼ԣ
ΪߵĽǶȣʿȵ뿴ָĻҾдȲ뿴ָĻǾͿʽ
Ⱦأ
ȵ뷨Ұɡ
ǣƪղӡ
ղأ˵Ǵϼ?


104 

Ըոյ֮, պǭZȼûټĴ, Ͼ˴˶֪, кܶ, ޽ģĿǰ˵ȷ, ǶĬĲ̸۸鷽飬ѡû¶Ƶһûһġ
һСʱĳ, ࣱҾʹﵽˣеĶȼɽׯ
ȥʰˡһֻԼķ, һֻǣԼŮС, ôǭZȼ˵
ðҸ, ҷźö, һһȥԸ緹ɣ
аʱ䣬ɻɣ
԰
Ǻ, һ
մСջص䣬СհԼһ, ܵ󴲱߷ȥ, һܸ˵ӡ
ԼŮıӰ, ΢΢һϣСܹһֱȥ
ֻǣÿõϣʱ򣬾ͻ뵽硣
ǰ, ΪֿˣûжֻԼСйʲôĻ룬ڣ³֣ƺһУʼòͬˡ
ǣҪ˵ﲻͬˣ벻Ȼ
ǡؾãܶ鶼ѾһˣϵĲͬ
ΪǱ˴֮䣬Ҳнʱȴ³ҵǰҵ֮УӦô˵Լ˵ֻǸɺϣ
䣡СִӰɫĴһ·ܵյǰס
ţ
Ҷ
ðٸӣǷź͸ǰ̴绰ǾһȥԷ𣿡
ã
Ӻ
һԵɳϣǽϵʱӣһϵֻǭZȼ˵绰ȥιС㣬㻹ҪãŮ˵ˡ
ϾͺãٸӣӺſڼݰݣǭZȼһѻ˵꣬͹ҵ˵绰
һĪʰһ¶ѣôæô
εҡҡͷֿһʱ䣬Щ뷨಻ס
ˡ
šаСʱ緹ʱˣᰴʱȥԷôһʱ䶼ȥæ

ôŵʱ򣬸ͻȻ֣ȷǲͬˡ
ʱżЩʱ򡭡ΧĻµʱһ˵ʱҲ̲סȥ飬òãô뷨һҲ͵Ϊֹˡ
Ϊһ֮󣬾Ͳ
޷ȥϵúóԷҪչ˺Լһİ˵ȥͻȻҲδֺ̫ͻأ
ңǸʱǱ˴˶иԵȻûᣬûнͲӦôƽ⣬αȥƽŵأ
ǣأ
ֻҪһͨ绰һţͿһȡİˡҪ̫ݣȥ˳Ĺ
ô룬˾áĶ
ĶҲǳ嶯
һ룬վ͸Լ˵áǺ޷һЩñ˴֮䣬иԵĿռһЩȻ󡭡־һЩ
ˡ׼ʱô˸յ˼ԥգʰûŪˣڿȥԷˡ
ţˡվѸղŴ绰һֱеֻµķŻؿڴ
ûѡͨǸ롣
գ߰ɣȥԷˡ
Ү䣬ҶǶǶĹˣСձĵյߣǣס֣һָֻ·ԼĶϣصţƺĺܶˡ
֪߰ɣھȥԷԼŮͷԾᡣ
һߣøԥãҪҪͨ绰Ǹˣͷڹ֮С
³磱㣬˾ĸԼһڣԷ㹫˾һҪֵĻ飬ʱЩϣҪӺ𣿡СվһԣԺ繧ʵ
˾ģ
ǵģ˾ĸǹ˾³ĶӡСʱѵ
ˣƵɡ
ǣǹ˾ͣ˾ĺԼ
ƵͷһֱͷļݣʱʱñǩдЩʲôҺæûпոԼĻ飬糣Уӳ١
ǡСͷȻ綼ô˵ˣôȻˣûʲôĻҾȳȥˡ
šͷȻͷļ֮С
ֱһļŷ·Ƶģһ
̫ʱ䶼һ׵ˣͻȻ̧ͷòǿЩӲʣ۾ָԼüģ˳ŤŤӣǡ
ʵ˾飬ĺæǡ뵽ա־һɡ
԰˵Ƿ黰ġ
кܶĹҪȥԸһȥеĶȼɽׯĻͻͷϵ鶼ȥ
ȥС
ңеĶȼɽׯǰЩ̸ʱȥˣֻܵյ룬СһȥĻôе壬ȫͬ
ͺñȡ
ʱ˿̣ҹԺ֮У뵽ЦӣƺѾϴȥƣˡ
Լģġһ˷²
ǣãܿ֡
㣬Ѿշ²Ҳúܿ֡
ĸԸ
ֻҪǸˣǸվͺá
ôţͲԾЦˣͷϵıࣱˡ
ӣպСգӦðСʱǰ͵˰ɡ
һֱûֻ㿪ûģԾûгֵǸ绰룬ü䲻򴽣βסʧ䡣
ôҲ绰ƽء
١һҲð
̾һְֻ·Żصϣ˿ڰ칫εαϣͷͷϵİɫ컨壬ͻȻеƣֱ̧֣ڶͷϣҲ֪ԼЩʲô
ֻǣĿһУƺڷŴ
ˡ
ʲô¡类С˼
³ǰ̨绰˵е
ţҽе
ǵģ˵ռд֣ĵ绰ǰ̨ѾȷϹˡ
ǡǰ̨ɡ
õġ
Щ⣬е
϶඼ҪôԵĴҪôһ߼ȣһ¾ͺ˰
³С㽲ŵǰϡ
ţáлл㡣ֿһʱ䣬Ҳ쵽緹ʱˣȥ緹ɣҲ쵽ʱˣҲ˵һ£ھͿȥ緹ˡ
õģлл³С΢ЦűʾлȻ߳˺֪İ칫ң˳š
ȵ뿪Ժ󣬺翴ǰţƤɫֽŵȻֲ𿪣óӣ򿪲ŷԭ⽴棬һ֬ȿɿɡ
ЩԺ󣬺ĵһֱǡȫθء
壬塣ʱһֱһԵֻ𶯵˺ע⡣
ʾϵǸ˵ֱ֣ġ
ιҲû룬̽ͨ˵绰
š
㵽𡣡
㶼͵ˡ
ţһһ䡣
ǡڣʲô
ҰպСȼһڶȼɽׯĲԷվڲ棬͸ĲԼŮԵģ΢΢һЦ
š
أôתߣ̧ͷգеܺãպ̫ȴûôۣůá
û
ǣϲôôţĴ𰸣ƺѾ߰˷ֵİա
ҶģͻȻ۾ЦƵġ
Ȼü

˼ǡ㻹ڴǱ˸㶨ôûĻش𣬸׷ʵ
ûССķϵ칫ĺ㣬ǲ֪ΪΣܾЩ΢΢ء
ǣʲôղơ
š
ţСӵĶƵģһ̣һҲҪŹ磬ֻҪŵ绰Ӻ棬Ǹ𰸡
ˡ˵Ժ󣬺ֻͣ뿪֣´յĵһӦ¡Լ׹ĶֻͨһͷյĶȥ
õҪĴ𰸣յ𣬽˵ϲ𡣡һ
ţϲϲˡ
ϲʲô

ţ׹ԼǱոȦϷŪˡ
ϲô
ԣϲ
ŷԼѹûָʲôֱӻشϲˡ
ʱˣȳԵɡҲŪˡ
šˡô֪ģġҰԵĶ
ͣôһ̣˼룭·ֱغܾǰĹȥ
ҡµġһģɵĴ𰸡
ңİУɿôȵģȱġţ˵ڵĻԼáԼô
ɵϡεЦЦͻȻǳ磬Ӧþ⼸ˣǺȵıȽϺãȻʱô졣УɿҸĵ֬ģȵҲûϵֵᷢġ
һ֣Լģ·𱻸վƵĸо
һ֡
ĪģϤС
ܾá൱˽Լ
ﲻ˵
šǡͻȻã˽ҡ㡭Աˣһֱǡô𡣡ͻȻе㲻ôˣֻ̫ǡÿˣ
ÿһΣô
⡣
ϣ˵Ļǵô
ʲô
ϵĶ³ֻǰŻù档
šȻأ
Ĵ𰸣ҵĴ𰸡룬شӦáҲ̫ɡ
˵̫ԣ롭̫ԵĴ𰸣̫ԵڴеʱЩ飬˵ôףʸУҲúܶࡣ
ôش𣿡
ţ
ǣҼ֣
ʮһ֡
ţ֣ʮ𣿻һٷֵֻ֣ʮ֣룬Ĵ𰸣ҲûСôɣ
ʮֵม
ʮһǣ
͵͵㸽һ֡
ðʱ򣬺ҪסԼ־룬һ̣־áͺ翿ָоܸˡ
ǣĶҩ
ѾҩץסԼ
ʮһ֡
ʮ֣һ֡
ղ֪ǣʵ˼ǡ
Ұ㣬Զֶһ֡
лҪ˵
ϣ
֮ǰа˵뿴պ㣬¾дպǡ
ϻ


105 
Է, Է㣿Ǽ
ţԷع
ԷֱߵǱŵ
ϺⱭȵʱ, ǭZȼ, ת֮, ԼѾֿʼһĹˣǭZȼҲѾȥжȼɽׯ·ϡ
첻ܼ桭
ʱˡָָǽϵʱӡ
, ˼ˡԷվ, ϵļļ, һһ, ȷû⣬㱧ļ, ߵű, Լ˵߰ɣȥ
ͷ, ԷĲ˼
ôˣԷ̽ƵĿ, ѯ, ôң
ûСֻǾá겻Ƶġʲôô, ǣģԷٳ񣬿һĻ˵ǺҪ˰ɡ
٣ôõġ
û, ̫ˡԷЦЦܾͣҪĻ̫ˣ˵ϾĿǰΪֹԼûͷרĿ
ûǸȥЩ顣
ʮӺ󣬻ҡ
ǽĻأͣΧеʵؿһ·䡣
أǷڴҿһ£ûʲô⣬ûĻǾʹö˾һļַȥ
ԷùԼ֣֮ǰ˵ĳ飬ԼǡȥС
С
ôɡ
ȥУ
ʱǣ磿
һ̣ԷĵԼЩ̫ס
˵ȥгĻӦøе˲ŶԣΪǭZȼھڣУʱĻҲ˳·ȥǭZȼ
ǣǲЩ̫ء
Է㲻źۼģһ۷䡣
Щġ
¡ȥУǷ˼
·䷢֣·ѾʲôǭZȼ֮Ķߡ
ôʱ־ԼǲҲ̫һЩҲδ̫ıۡЩ
ǷĻоƺûбҪôתշԸ񣬿ͿʼòʾԼ˰ɣ
˼Ժ֮нƣԷ޷ֱ档
֡ͷʹѵĸо
ʲôô
ûĻô;ˣһݽϼ
ˣһҪ˾ͶڼϣʾԼ
⣬Լվ̨ȥ
ʵ˵Ц˵أ﹤һ죬ǰѾ˾ݽ˴ְˣأ°֮ҾͻְְҲѾˡ
͵Щʹһµʱ⣬ҺܿģҲѧ˺ܶණллҡ˵꣬һϣԺ󣬺ʹԵټ
Էһ±ƣЩ⣬˺ü룬Ӧ֮ȥͷβŷָС
Ҫְһðɣһ°ˣһȥԸɣǸУͣпյ˾ɡ˾˵꣬㲹һ䣬ɢᡣ
ȵҵ˶ߵ߰˰ˣԷƵʼԼʰϵļȻ߳ңֱԼ칫ҡ
ûģѾİ칫ˡ
˵С㣬Ҳ̫˼˰ɣְô鶼ǰҴк˵һְǰ콻ģְѾˣЩ飬㰵һĵˮ©Է߿Ц̼
ϵ̫ã֪Цĳ̶Ⱥ͵
ǣԷǴС˵ǣҵĴ˫ֺʮԷְ飬ģ˭û˵ҼڣҲ֪
ְû˵Լģ
š
ʲôʱģ
ţ͡ɡ֮ǰԼĲŴĺúõģͻȻתԷĲţҲֻΪܹ˽һЩǭZȼѣȻڣȷϣôϲǭZȼˣôҲûбҪټ˷ʱˡ
ңڣиҪ飬ȥ
Ҫ˷ʱˡ
㣬Ҧͮ
ԷһЦΪͮͮ𣿡
šͷ
ͮͮôˡԷҲûȥϵҦͮ׷ϾܸܲҦͮ˵㲻Ҫ飬ȻôӦҪͼһ𰡡ֻɡ
ټϣҦͮͼô˵ĻڱԼǼǱô
߶õѣѡߣҲܹѡ
СͮҦͮЩͷɥڣʲô飬˵ʲôҦֻͮоܾ
ǰʱȫһ
밡šûпǿƶҦͮ
ԡ
Ӧô˵
ȥҦͮǿƺ㡣
ǰǿƺֻԡˡڣǿƺ·רΪԼĴڡ
㣬ˡˡ
ͮͮϼ㣿ԷŲ²˵
ֹЦ
ֹǲϼ
ǼҲ
ǡְ飬ͮͮ𣿡ԷãŸҦͮȻҦ֪ͮˣҲδػıԿǺõġ
һء
š㣬ֻǡһûãӦʲôʱҲ֪Ӧôü
Է㿴յģĬ˺һȻ˵㡭ȷ𡣡
ʲôְ𣿡
ǡԷҡҡͷ˵ȷԼġ֮ǣȷϲǭZȼǣǲǾܹȷˣϲҦͮأ
Ҳϲܲϲô˵ţԽ˵üԽ˰ΪԼġĸо
һΣҦͮסҦͮʱռУôôо
ҵġü촽Է˫档
ǲģһءԷ㲻ЦȻҲ֪ԼʱЦ̫ãоͦ˼أִ͡ĵ˵ĸоٻʱ˿ʮֵļᶨȥ϶һ飬ҡǸ顣
˵Է㣬ͲҪ侮ʯˣҲܿհ̲ס̾һһֳԼ°ͣĸַ꣬ҦͮԽԽˣģҲԽļˡ
Ҳô˵˵ʵͮͮԣģʵǡܡԷһֱ֪Ҧܾͮһ˵ģʲôӣΪҦܾͮˣ϶׷ߣԷʱĿܾ˵
ϾҦܾͮ˵ʱԷܶʱԱߡ
Ω㡣
ֻм㲻֪ѡ
а֮ǰҲ֪ҶСͮôҪͼЩʲôɺĻȴ˵ڡ
ȷܹЩԼĵĻҲͲ飬չزˡ
ԺֳһҦͮϵľ
࣬ʹ
㰡˵ãȷܺã˵㻵ҲܻԷ̾һȻǶͮͮôãΪʲôءΪ㡭ҲΪԼΪԼģġܾ˺ܶܶˣЩ飬ʵֻҪ֪ĻȫԲġ

֪ϸĵĳ̶ȣͶͮͮĵĳ̶ȣȫл֪ģйᡣֻҪ࿴Ҧͮһۣܹİ͡
ƫƫҦͮϲʱ򣬼ȴƿͶŵ˵ϡ
վϿ羰
羰¥Ͽ㡣
㣬޻˵
ΪԷÿһ֣˵ĶǶԵġ
˼Ҳá
Էѡ񵽴Ϊֹټ⣬ɵĻ˵ôãȻְѾˣӣ칫ĶûʰɣȥʰɣҲˣһϳԷ
šҾȻȥˡ
ˡ
ţ
쿪ʱ򣬸о㡭̫ԣ룬ʳˣȻæҪȥ׷СͮµĻҪǡ

£ǣͭZȼйأ
С
ţ㱾뿪ɳϡ
е㵣ģҺСZ֮Ĺϵᱻ跢֡Է룬ѡ˵ԼĹǡ
ΪЩûа취ǭZȼģܹѡ֪ĶҲֻмҦͮ
ټϣҦ֪ͮǭZȼ֮ϵ֪ˡ
̺壬жԴ˰ʾʲô̬߱ô
ûСǡ֮ǰҰְֺ裬нͮͮҪ飬ʾңһѣȲ飬ҪиȻѸȶ֮ġԷ򵥵Ľһ¡
᲻̫ˣ
ҲáеġǡҾ̲סԼ롣Է̾һ
Է㡭о仰˵㲻̫ϲȨû
ԷҧŴ׼˼
Ҫ֪Ͱ̣֪ͭZȼ֮Ĺϵ飬ǱȻ޷Ǿʱѡ㣬ڲ֪ҲϾԹߣԷ侲˼Ҫܶࡣ
š
оǣͭZȼ֮Ĺϵ尢֪̿;Ҳֻ֣ҪôԼ˵ҪôԼֻ߱˷ָǣ޷ǾԼ롮񡯵ĲѡȷҪԷ㣬ϱûܲ͸ǽ
Ӭ޷ĵ
šǰԷ롭˵öԡ
񡭡֪
㲻Ͱ֪顣ǣôλ飬ѡôZȼͬô

˵ôֻ࣬Ҫ㣬㲻Ӧú±̷ͭZȼ֮Ĺϵ飬Ϊ̺綼֪ģĺ¡Լ֮⣬ҲíZȼûаȫеġ
ôСZûаȫô顭Է
ֻҵĲ²⡣һֱµ̬ĻZȼΪһϲҲϲˣôֻǺƲ⣬ʵΣֻǭZȼԼ֪
ǣΪԷֿѣҲ񣬰ѹ飬ܹ뵽УԷ㡣
أҾ˵Լú뿴ɡл˵ʲôĻǵҪҺСͮǧһţ֪֪Էļ
ţ֪Էͷ
һذ칫ȥˡϼ
ţϼ
ȵ뿪ԺԷһ˾شš
ͬģȫСô
ġûⷽⰡ
ȫС
ԷһЦ
ûаȫеˡ
Է㣬ֺγأ
Ϊ˱ȥӰԷ㻹Ǽʱ˼ԥһϵֻһѶȥ
ְˡ
˵ǣҦͮ
Էȷǲ룭ᣭ֣飬Ϊ˫ĺԼһԹߵݣбҪҦͮϢ
ҦͮѾ˵ĻôһѶҦͮΪһ֪Ϣ˾ͺˡ

棬ںĻôͻлء
ôѡǿҦͮԼ
˶ˣ˶ˡҦֻͮѶ
ΪԷ㷢ļѶҦͮ붼û͵㿪ˣȻ㿪Ժ󣬺Ȼӳ֣ȴģ˼ֲƽ
ְˡ

㣬ְˡ
ڣҦͮϵľܾ㣬ɼյҦͮﻹ֪ģ㡭һˣ˾飬̫׸ı䡣
Ȼְˣ¶ĵİɡ
ôְԭأ
ʼ飬Ҧ֪ͮΪǭZȼ
Ϊ֧µǷݹ
Ǽ㱾˼ֻ֣ڡȴְˡ
ѾĹӦ˼ʵĹѾڻ˵Ĺ񡭡ȴѡ˴ְ
еԭ
ҦͮԼҪȥ롣
˰ϲ飬Ժ
Ǹ룬ʵһʼǴġ
ĺ룬ôܹء
ȻλһΣͲӦصޡ
ڴõġ
ҦͮҧҧɾѶ
лҪ˵
뿴Ҧͮ㡫
дһ¼Ҧͮ
ԲϸдΪҦͮԣһƪԤյġ֮еҡĸ
ϲҦͮͼһԵģղء֮еҡƪģİѾų
ʱĵʱҦͮͼĹȥƪᵽա
һһ
һ


106 
, ллΪҼ, лҡԲ, ٱлĸλͬº˾
Ϊ쿪˳, Բմơ
Է㵹Ǻһ㣬һмȥ, 㼴˵ĺ˼
ֻơƣҲ˴š
һٷԵ, ɢ˳, Ե, ؼҡ
ȿԷͻ˼ңȥ, ǵðҸ尢ʸ, ҾͲȥˡ
簡Ҫȥȱ裬ԼǴкԷ㿴ʱ, ţడ
ǲˣһҪȥСͮ˵ԭ
ڣȥͮͮ, , Ҫ˰ɣԷֻǵľ, ȥĻһõʱ㡣
ϾҦͮѾ˯ˡ
ûϵֻȥ㲻⣬Ϊ֪ȥ, ҦͮҲ
ֻǡҪȥҦͮ¼ҲãֻҪ֪ڸҲܹĺܶࡣ
ԭˡǺðɣҪͰԼ·Сĵ㣬̫찡Է³ǰ㣬עⰲȫ
ţ֪Լɡ
ð
˵˱
Էһ˻˼ҡ
Է㣬˰
ţ衣
ǸոɢôûһȥԷϾЩˣȥ˵Ļ֮ѹķŲ಻ã˰ֱӻؼˡ
ţ˶ٷȻһ˻˻졣Էش
Ⱦ˰ɣôû˾ȥ㣬ϵһŮҲȫĵ
ûոһģ쿪ˣûкȾƣ˳·ͻˡԷţ˳˵ˣ˵Ҵк˵ʱ̫ˣͲˣݷ
⺢ӣǹɡ͵
ˣ˵ǺӴְˣôôͻȻְλҲͰѵϸ˷ʲôô˳ʵ
ม;뻻һ¡ԷŪ˼䣬ְԭҲûа취ϸ˵
ԭһҲáϴְһ˻˰ɣһֱôϲĹأһֱܻؼ̳мҵءȤ
šӦðɡΪԷһԷãȸͷԤɣȻһ˵ȥ˿ô죬ڼ˿ɶ֪أšʵɣְ飬Լľڻûи߼ˣţȵһʵĻᣬٸ˵ģԡ衭ǡ
Уְ˼Һ豣ôҺʲôˣӵôװ˵
û֡Ҿǰ˵һԷҲһζ֪һˡ
˺ˣҪˣԷջؼңۻ˰ɣȥϴ˯ɡߴٵʲôƵģˣȼȼ֮ǰ绰˵ģҲ˵ģ㲻ڼң˻͹ҵ绰ˡ
ȼȼ绰
԰˵绰ûӡһڲ裬Ƶ˵
ԷʶķӦҪ̵ͷӰ﷭ֻɲŶһӵʱ䣬ͣ˶ڸĸǰ̫ڿ⣬˵û˰ɡһطȥֻ磬ٸȼȼظ绰
á
ţǰ裬һطˡ˵ţԷطˡ
ֻԼ֪¥ݻصһ·ģжôȲ
һߡ
㿪Ҧͮſڡ
죬Ѿǵʮ졣
ҦͮԸ
ǣȻҪҦͮת⣬ô٣ҲӦó㹻ĳ
ҦͮǷ⣬ҲҦͮüÿ춼ĳ⡣
չѳͣ·ߣ·Ϸķ򣬱Ҧͮķ䡣
ģ죬һȴȻ˴һƬ޴ӷֱ棬ҦͮǲѾ˯
ûѡҦͮ绰ǸѶ
Է˵ģҦͮѾ˯ˣҪŵҦͮϢҡҲûбҪôȥҦͮԼҴڸС
ֻΪ˶࿴Ҧͮһ۶ѡ
ҦܹͮܲԸԸ⿴㲻ǿ
ꤣꤡһ
ȻûϨ𣬵Ϊ˳ƣҲǺע⣬ŶʻͣڶĳӣӳˣҦͮ
֮³ˣҦͮλ
ڿҦͮһ̣ˡ
лл㣬һؼҡҦͮл
δ޻ؼҵΰӦ飬ﻹ˵ллҡδҪô𣿡Բ̫Ҧͮݡ
Ҧͮ΢΢һЦֱ˵֪ģֻòѡҡϰˡ
ϰˣ˵лл
´ΣٸҵлˣеǸĻҲҪòã˼ְԵȴòصĻ֮ϣѯҦͮ
šҦͮӦˡ
ȷǡ충ˣôҲȷ˵ͨ
ȥɣȻſˣҲȥ尢̴кԼߵƺҲ̫ãôòɡϣܹҦͮһؼҡ
˰ɡѾˣҰӦöѾ˯ˡ´ΰɡҦͮܵ
ĿǰЩļˣ㡭λνġδ򡱣Ѿ˫ҳˡ
ǺðɡҾ´ڷźˡ˵գ§Ҧͮһǣˣȥɡ
šҦͮ˶٣˵ҲؼҰɣҿߣٽȥ
᲻ң࿴һô΢΢һЦ
š
Ǻá˵ţ̻ص˳ϡ

ţ·СġҦͮ˵
֪صҲһ֪𡣡뿪ǰҲҦͮ˵
š
˱뿪ˡ
ĳԶȥҦͮ֡һĸо
ʵˡ
֪ĳڶ·ߣƺţʶ
ڣ˿̣Ϩ˻˳·ߵҦͮǰ
ˣô࿴ţʲôû˵
Ĭ˴żӵʱ䣬ǰȥҦͮûжԼó飭ֽҦͮĶͷĶϣڵκκۼ


רĵģģã飭ֽҦͮոձλǹĵط
Ҧͮ˼һۣ㽫ƿͶŵ˱𴦡
ȥ۾
˿̵̫רע
ˡȷѾԺ󣬼İģģ¶ЦݣҪҦͮĶϣһԼӡǣҲֻѣ뷨գҦͮĲ졣
ոĿҦͮûоܾãԼѾӦĴмˡ
һȥˡҦͮôһ仰뿪
Ҵְˡ˵仰ʵڲ֪Ӧ˵ЩʲôסҦֻͮˡ
ȻҦͮô˵ͣ˽Ų

㿴Ҧͮмȥ˼˵ҡǰݽĴְţְѾˡʽְְ飬˵λͬ£Ŀǰû֪Ҳû֪ͨˡӦûؼҼ̳мҵ
ҦͮΪƺҲûҪ뿪Ĵ㣬˵ڴְԭ㲻ҪѹҲΪѡְġֻǣѡݹԭΪΪ˿ĳˣҺ֪ҲϲǸˣϲ㣬ףϲ㣬ҴְˣȻȷԼģͲ˷ʱڱϡ
Ҧͮʼûи輾κεķӦֻĬĬţ̫ڰü㶼ЩɣԼ˵ĻҦͮûȥ
ţ˵ģЩѾûл˵ˡ
ҦͮûʲôӦ˵껰ԺͷҲص뿪ˡ
㿴뿪ıӰû
Ҧͮص㾶ֱĻԼķ䣬ȥԡϴ˸裬ϴԺһǽϵĹӣˡ
ص˯ʱڿϵ֣ȴʼû
һ˾شվźһߵߣƿһǣ㻹ԭص
뿪ǰվʲôλã˿̵ļ㣬Ծվԭز
ҦͮĿ⣬˵ơ
ڴϣϱӣ۾
˯
ڶ
ҦͮʲôûзƵģϴԷ
Ҳȷ͡ʲôûз
ǣȴ̲֡סӴһǣȥ͵һֱվ뿪ˡ
ɫĳһֱͣ
ѾվǸλãҪҦ֪ͮû뿪
ҪȥйؼˣҲҪ¸ܣǣűߵĸоˡ
ԣϢҦͮһ죬Լ鷿棬ͷ
ţԼ
ϴԼ۾
䷿һУʲôڣǸʲô޹ء
Ҧͮ棬ôԼ
ܺãɹˡ
ٴӷѾˡ
͸ĸһԹ˱ƽҪһķĸǲ鲻ã˵ڼô
Ц˵ӶˣҪԱЩԱ
Ժֳ˷ˮҵһ㶼ƽϸʵ
ţڿ￴һӽĿһҲЦĽĿһҲЦĻ棬һûһЦһš
ҦҦĸ룬ôˡ
˵طȥϴ˯ˡ
ɻص䣬̲סȥ⣬ͣ·ߵڲڡ
ҦͮѾ޿ˡ
̳˼Ĵţߵ·ŵǰ
ڳű߷
Ҧͮܵǰͷһ䣬뿪
û˵ûлش𣬵ҲûҪ뿪˼
뿪ҵļң뿪ҵߣ뿪ҵӴԺ󶼲ҪٳҵСǾãһŭʺ޴й
Сͮϵı飬ûʲô仯ֻأһ֡
ߡ
Ҧͮġ
仰Ƿĵġ

ָо̫ʹˡ
ֻҪһ죬죬ȸ죬졣
Ҧͮͻϰߡ
ϰֶ̫ˡ
Ҧͮϰ˼ꡣ
֪֡ϰߡĶҩ
ʱͻῪʼڴʼԥʼᣬʼ⣬᲻ʲôʱ֣ʲôʱ뿪ûгȥʲôأ첻ֵĻ컹
һ޾ûиԴһϵʺţռģȫ޷ѡ
ҦֱܹͮռĵĸоˣҪһһһǣ
ѾŬԼȥˣΪʲô㻹Ҫҵǰ
㻹Ҫ
лҪ˵


ϣ
뿴һԣãء
뿴ģãȵۡ
ȻССZ磬дڼҦͮĻҲдһЩա
ֻƪ̫ࡣ
뿴Ļա
ϡ

ึϴιҪҪָ飬Ȼȶ˵ϣظ䣬
ôȷ
ָม
ҾڴţŨq?
ظѣ

ƪղӣ


107 

㻹Ҫ
Ҧͮʵһ仰, һֱ̾ڼԺ֮С
óĬӦ, ͡޻˵
ҪҦͮ
㲻ҪҦͮ, Ҫ顣
òײȷԼġ
, ҦͮƺҪԼϲˡ
ҪԼϲˡ
Ľ, û
˵ǣѹûⷽ
ֻǡ򵥵, Ҫ˳Լ, Լ, ȥԼ顣
ǣġӱġ, Ҧͮأ
Ҫô죿
㡭֪
, һ̣ʲôû˵ֻľګվԭ, Ҧͮʣֻв֪, ͳĬ
뿪Ҧͮ˵һ仰
ҪӦʲô, ҪشղŵǾ仰, ҪģֻҪ뿪ͺá
ֻҪ뿪뿪߷Χ뿪ģһжá
ٶԡ
, ͺܺˡ
Ǿ仰ԺҦͮתߵˡ
һվԭأСҦͮڿ֮еһǻŭ
һ̡
ţǲ׵ġ
ΪʲôҦͮô
ΪʲôԼֻҪشȴȻĲ졣
ѵôԼô
֮䣬Ӧİ
㣬ǲһֻڸûἰϲ֮ǰ֮ĹϵҪڵ̫̫ࡣ
٣ҦͮƢΣ磬֣Ĳ㡣
һ̣ڱҦͮʵһ̣ڱҦͮ˵뿪һ̣еĸܵˣҦͮķŭ

㻹ǵȵˣ㡣
ۿҦͮĵƹ⣬Ժ󣬲ŷӣ뿪
ֻǣ֪ǣĳӷ뿪һҦͮû˯š
ˡ

ˡ

ˡ

ʲôأôվ㷿ɶվȶˣõֶˡװ۽ģΣ磭أԼ֡
ùá
߽ŮˣǼ裬㸸׵ãҲǼ׹ùãΪü³谮֮Ĳ֮࣬Ժܶ鶼ĵЩͬõĸо
ôûʲôҪĿҺпգ㡣˵Щ㣬൱ɡ
ùʱġСѲ𡣡Ҳ迪ЦùðСʲô鶼ǵһ֡ҪôͲҪһҪáˣ⼸µּˣʲôһٷ֣Ω˽ϣЩҡ
ƫƫȫֶܳǣ˽ϣҲֻһֻ۱һֻˡ
ڳ˳Ӳ˰ҿùõЦ˹Сʱ򲼶Ҹ㻻أСûĵôôù˵ƱššĶ䣬Ҳûʹ
ѽùãҴס䣬ҲϣδСøûꣳˣȻδ飬״̬
ǣһСһ󻻡
ʲôСøɱ˵үүɲˡҰҺͷˣɱñӡϽϼֹͣ˵ȥ
ǰֵģü㰡Ƕ죬˰ɣǷֵԭأ
ûʲôԭˣͷֿһֻ֣סԼ°ͣԴż㣬һνȻںѷ飬൱Ĳ⡣
ǡѵĿˣ
ĿͷùҶһˡҰáͻȻ˼ֵ棬ŴҡҷڶҶҲͦõġ
ͷٶ˵ʲô
أϵ飬ûʲôչôع½ͶڼϣҲʮˣʮˣ֪Ҹ磬Ҳְ֣ɩӣȻ㣬ϲ˵ﻹͦģүӣİְ֣үүͼò˰ɡ
ҲⲻǡйùôİĲ趼û飬͸ˣؼʱ̣мơ
˵㣬ùƽ㵲ǹĻôϣ㻹ҪùôֲţƽǰСֶŮˡ
ѽùãҾôһ˵Ե
˺ˣ㿪Цˡһ㡣Цְ˰ɡ
һ飬黹ûʲôʱ߼أôô֪ˣʶı㿴裬Ϊʲô֪
Ϊʲô֪ǰɣùʶôʮУжҵˣʲôùÿˡʾĴ
ǡ
ģɩӻ֪үҲ֪¶أһȰţ֪ҲǸ¶ˣ׳¶Լʲôʱ̹ס
šֻ֪ûãô˵ѡͷͻȻҦͮʱǸ顣
ܾãԼ
ҲþõĻѹʵҲ֪һʼүӾͲôȥǸλµģǸɩ㣬ϣԼͺãүӲһֻ۱һֻ۵ġοڣְˣôԻ̳мҵ˾ңү֪Ļ϶ܸ˵ġ
ţҲôģ롭죬ͻع˾æɡ
ôԭءͻȻְԭ򡣡һеġ
ԼСֶŮԸ񣬵˵飬ûıڵڹ۴ְһΪˡǡؼҰæĵɡ
㿴ż裬֪ùһֱֻܶû뵽ôͿżɽԼ
ô˵ҲΪԭɡȻ㲻˵ĻүҲһ֪ôϾֻҪԸؼæǳʲôԭְүӶô⡣·ܹһۿƵģһ仰ܹĵ뷨
һˡ㻺³仰мֳء
Ǹˣְԭ򣿡׷ʵ
ô˵ȫ͵ҴְԼľ޹ء
᣿ͻȻü߷ŵ𴦣ЩζƵ˵
ͻȻһ㶡
ǡŮϼ۾
ǸŮӡûзϣڼǰûбҪαװǺǣҺϲֻҺܺڣҾȻڲŷҺϲ顣
Ůӡôһ̣˫ۣƬ̵ʧ·뵽˱ʲôʲôƵġ
ùáùãùã㿴۷ֱڳļ衣
šŮӡ˶٣ζ˵ŮӣҲͦõġ
ǣڡ̫á뵽üͷ嵽һȥˣ˫ָָֽ֮صĦţÿһ飬͸¶ܷա
迴⸱ģȥһˮ˳ԼҲһ˵
ҪˡӼӹǱˮˮĲƽ˿ģѡ
顭ʲôʱʶģ˭ʶô
ǡСͮ
š
Լûʶߵ˶ʶҦ֪ͮҦͮĴڣԣ˭ʱ򣬼ĻشֻҪǡСͮͿˣֻһǵĳƺüߵ֪Ǹ˭
СͮЩ죬ʶҦͮҲ֪ҦͮԷǷǳҪõѣǼʶôˣûʲôڼȴͻȻ˵ϲҦͮ
ҡ
軹Ϊ㵱ҪԼԸȥΪԷ㡭
ڣʱ˿̣Ȼ˵ϲҦͮ
ǡоϲء
šϲ˵ԼҲǡ
šͷѼľȣһ̱ӵ˵ùá
ţͷ
ʣǼҵ⣬Сͮҵ⣬йĹϵ𡣡һˮ룬ǵЩʲôźá
ǼġСͮǼ鱦ġáǻʲôĹϵ𣿡費Ҫ㣬ȻͼҲǿ޷ǾҪŹϵҦͮǣؼǣҵҵûֱϵ
ǣûй
̾һˣƻʧܡ


СͮǼҹ˾ˣҵҲʶһЩ̻ҸСͮĸҲй֮ԵҿŰ㰲ᣭСͮȥȻҲܱԾСͮԽܵĻ顣
û⣡һڱӦùãûû취Һܹڹֱİ취ϾҲһֱ﹤
ţ費˼
ҵ˼ǣѡְһԭ򡣡͵ϣҲܹԼҵɼĻһȥҦ壬Ųῴҡĺס
ҦͮǵѹϵҦȻῴһǼһڣҦζῴ
ҦͮһˣҦ۹ͻı䣬ϣԼܹҵɼҦҵҵ֮ƥ
ˡοĵ˵ͷû뵽㻹뷨ϲһ˾ͻΪǸ˸ıô
ãʲô뷨ĻһݼƻңпУ磭ĻһῼǺǹ˾ϵġȻϣﲻԼֶŮʲôϣܰģȻȫֵ֧ġ
ллùá
͹ùûôʳָᵯһ¼Ŷ
ֻЦЦˮֺһˮ
ˡ

Ů˽ʲôо
ۡ
̲סһˮȫ˳
һĮ·ûпһƵģڵȼĻش
֪ô֪ϲҦͮǣû׹Ҧͮ𡭡
ޡСͮûнǹԼʳ⣬ȫûиеκε⣬ʳ仰͵ͬʡһ
ˣˣϻԼء˵ţһߵְȥ
ù㲻˵Ҫ𣡡һĪ
ҸոûôҲ˰ˡ˵꣬һӰ㣬ʩʩȻ뿪ˡ
ʶ贩¶СԼģֻһʼԼûпѡ
ȵ뿪Ժ󣬷ֻʣ¼һˡ
ġ
̫ˡ
Щˡ
Ҧͮһγʲôʱ飿
Щǵˡ
񡭡Ѿþˡ
·ѾǺܾǰˡ
Ҳ֮ҦͮѾף÷˰ɣǴǸʱʼҲ˵
ͻȻðΪʲôԼô޴ء
ϲһʲôоףԼϲ˾˭ֲ壬Ϊʲôôء
ӣҦͮӣҲûˡ

Ҫˡ
¸£ţͻ顣
㵹ڴϣץסҪץסܶܶණ
Ҧͮġ
зŵʱ䡣
ڣʲôûץס
ſ˫֣ǿյģʲôûС
ҲǣյģʲôûС
ܺ¡
ġûһ飬ǲ֪ҦͮԺ飬ֻǡûȥûʶҦͮ顱飬ԭҲǻᷢġ
ڣʶˣʱ䣬ȴˡ
ҦͮģҲˡ
㻹Ҫ
죬ҦͮʱĻ
Ҳ֪ԼӦҪܹӮҦͮġ

壬塣

壬塣

壬塣

ӻѹԺĻû۾־ȥһԵֻι
ˣ㲻йùðæô㣬มڵ绰ͷһЦ⡣
ʲôһӴˡ
ҵѸңСͮһ˰ɡ֮ǣ㽫Ϊ
ллùã㼤´׼ϴˣʲôʱȥ
գһϸڣһµڡ˶٣Ȼһܹļƻ齻ңңƻ൱ĿУ磭ĻҿԱ֤Сͮڹϣֱӵҵ
˽⡣ллùá׼˼
ҵ绰Ժȥϴʼ˼ƻˡ
ϾƾùõΪҦͮҦͮȻоܾȨҦͮĻȻް취ֱЧķܹڹֱӵҵĻҦͮ޷ܾˡ
ΣʣµģʱҪŬԿ¡Ҧͮš
㲻ôĻ
ģ֪Ǻˡ
ڵֻһĿ꣬Ҧͮϲ
˼ʱǺܿ죬Լڷһ죬ڿǼƻݣϣڴϣĿ
һ춼űʼǱ۾ˣЩɬ
һһԵֻ
ֱӲǸѾĵĺ룬ȴٳûе²ͨ
ԥ˺һѡ˸һѶͺá
ࡣ
ָ̡
ֻĸ֡
ţҦͮͻе˼
ĸ֣żҪ¿ʼġ
ףȥһУѾ޷ˣ١Щȥʱ䣬ζزġ
Ȼˡ
ǾͶһѰɡ
ܹһ¿ʼˡ
һΡ
㣬УҪӮ
ҲֻӮ
һߣյѶҦͮǼ֣ЩԥҪҪ㿪
ŷ˵֣˺óʱ䣬عǵ㿪
š
ָ̡
ָ̣
ס
Ҧͮûж룬ҲԼȥʱͻᣬڵѧһ飬Ǿҵڡ
ԸٸԼġ
ΪʲôҪԼȥЩԼź;ء
ûд𰸡
ôͲҪˡ
Ȼ
ɾһѶ

οԼ鷳
лҪ˵


һһ¡
⣬˵һ£һУ衱λһƪġ֮еҡӴ
ϣϲ
Ҫúø
Ūװ޵飬һֱȥҺʵܡ
ǲҲУҲһÿȥģżһǵһ
ϣҼ¡
һᾡúøգǲÿܲһ༸ա
һ


108 
ˡܼżӶվſ, ӭź, Ϊյ˺Ϣ, ֪
šͷ
¬ܼ, 滹ôֻ˳ôһ䣬Ͼ, ҲֻԼѣòʲôġ
дСĸ, һжá¬ܼҸؼҵ˼ʮĹܼ, Ӻ֮ǰ, Ѿ﹤ƹܺؼ´СС, ںظǰ, Ҳ¬ܼҹ
ˡòл˵ģ¬ܼҲǿ, Լĸײˣ¬ܼҲİˡ
Сˡ
廹ô
һжá
Ů, СѾͷϴλô
ҼСŮ, ϴδСȥ, ˺þأллСǹҡ¬ܼҶԺʾл
µģҡ뵽ЩʲôƵģ˶٣漴¶Ц, ʵҲͦϲСӵģȥ棬Ҳܸˡ
˵Ժ󣬺Цߵȥ
¬ܼźıӰЩӡ
С㣬ڿԿˡ
รǺð˵ţߵԣԺ󣬿˿Χ˵һ԰ɡ
ɲСϹء¬ܼҾܾ
ûϵһҲûʲô˼һ³԰ɡ
ǡðɡ
Сûлؼңס𡣡
ţסһѼʱûж¬ܼ˵滰Ĵ㣬ҡ͸յĿǰΪֹϵ˵ϾǻûһҲóȻݡ
һѼ¬ܼüҲû˲һƽϴλոС𡣡
ţ԰ͷʵʲôô
ûУûС¬ܼҶ˶٣˺һ˵ֻǣǰûпλѣʶô
ţʶġ
ǡСλС֪֪ôóȻסļǲǲ̫׵λС㡭
򴽣ͣв˵Ķ¬ܼҺһ˵֪ʲôӵˡҪ
¬ܼ̲סüԲС㣬Ϸˡֻүʱ򣬷Ըңϣܹչ˺СأҪ㱻ƭˡ
ˡաܺá
ǡ

һڳĬжȹ˺һ뵽ЩʲôƵģ¬ܼ˵¬ܼңǰʶô
ʶ
มͷˣҳԺˣ԰ɣһ鷿ȥæˡ
õġ¬ܼҾһֱź磬ֱӰʧԼ֮С
Ͷŵǽϣŵһ޴ϣүĵ顭Ƿˡ
ԹˣҸոճ극ء鷿İ칫ϣ͸ͨŵ绰
ҺҲԹˡտڹԹдҵԼŮ΢΢һЦʲôûܸоһͷܰ
Ұʲôû翴ϵļȴԼ˲ɥʧĶֵƵģһҲȥһҲʶء
ҡҲʲôûдҵٵʱҲʦĩõҵнԭĿγݡ͵˵Ժһ֡΢ĸо
оԭļͥ
ںæҪȥ̵𡣡
รڡûϵղĵطҵġն˶٣ּ˵㡭Ҫ˵˵𣿡
ŵд𣿡
ûϵġյģϣܹ׽ģϾյ衣
ǺðģͦС˵СյСˡ
աߵԼŮȥͷɵģһ䣬˵ذ̵ĵ绰
СɵĵͷӸյнӹ绰̡Ľһ硣
ԡ绰ͷĺһоĶҪƵġ
СյԣͺͨʱЦݵģҲĪĿ
κأپڶԣպͺֹ֮ϵ״̬ͺܺá
ҪҪ֪衭
飬͵ȵԺ˵ɡ
ҡ
ںҲѾǵˣСգҲֻеѹѡ
绰һͷȫȻ֪յЩ뷨
ˡ
ѭȥ¬ܼƿţһˮ˹
С㡣
šͷ绰
¬ܼҷˮ߳鷿
Ĳ־öһЩصĸо
ոˣͨˣһСŮӡǸյŮɡ
ô
ǸŮĹϵ
Ҳ֮ˡ
ԴӺʧԺ󣬺ظͲٺӴȥصκĿľҪһȥĿܡ
Ѹڵѣ껷壬ŵߣͳ껷壬మֻǣһ󲡣Բǵˡ
û뵽ǣ绹Ǻ֡
µ񣬺绹͸
ˣĿǰ͸յĹϵ൱Ҫá
ûаѹȥߺ뷨򡭡ҲȻһ֪ģ
뵽¬ܼҲЩġ
ԭΪǰ͸շֿ˴ӴԺ󣬾ǻཻƽߡ
ڣһз·ȫصԭ㡣
ңȹȥһУӡ
¬ܼҿ¡һεĺ͸գƵĸٷֿˡ
Ŀǰڣ¬ܼңȴ̲סô롣
ȵСͨ绰Ժ󣬸սӹ绰ϢǱô˵æɡ
ţٿļ˯ˡĩϢûϵο˵Ҳ˯컹һг̰ɡ
ţȥɽ
Сտ˯ɡɽ۵ģҪչ˺СգҪܣҲˤˡһеĹģǡô˳Ȼûвʲô⡣
ڶҲһһӦţ֪
Լչ˺ԼԼˡһ顣
ţһġЩ˯
ţ
ҵ绰Ժ󣬺翴ϵһˮһ㣬õȥˡ
С㡣
ţʲô£
˵֮ǰͳˡ
šͷûʲôġ
ô˵ҲδʧǰܶģҲһֱദĲôͻȻͷء¬ܼ֪֮ڣȴҲòô˵
Ǻظǰġ
¬ܼңҺ⣬ദʱûйϵ籾ʹգٽͣ¬ܼһۣ˵ҡమǸˣ𣿡
󡢴С㡭ʲô˼¬ܼȻЦݡ
ûʲô˼ֻǡ˶٣ŹڿǽϵһְֵģҵĸоҵֱҸѾû˵Ƕμ䣬ڸңమǸˣ

ͣ˾Ĺأһֱϲϵͻүǰϣģս飬һԼļͥ¬ܼû뵽ĸоô׼
ЩȷǲѾЩʲôˡ
ǡ
ѾǵˣǡǰŸգ
ҵ飬Լ֪ġллҡ绹ĵĽ˵ѾһϲˣǲģԺ͵Ļ͵κζһȥɡ
ǡ
ллϢ˵꣬صԼķȥˡ
ֻ¬ܼһ˶ԭأǸ
Ϊ֪֮һ˿¬ܼҵĸޱȡ
û뵽ʱ䣬ûú磬Ǹա
ⲽ壬ߴˡ
лҪ˵


ϡ
֮ظ~



109 
, ˡǭZȼͣ½Ų, ߲ˡ
㰡, һƽûô˶ɡû߶, ôͺˡս٩ǭZȼ˵
ŲǺѧ, ҿǴѧʼ֤͡͡ÿҮ, ɡСյľҲδ̫Щ, ɽ, Ҷˣôû¶ƵġδҲ̫һЩ, ǭZȼƽҲûٶѽ, 鶼ֺЩ˰
ڣվǰǣССֵĸ, ĸŮ𡭡ɽһСʱˣôһ, ⲻѧ
кӾ֪, ӿɱȳ̫ܶˡʵɽ, ڸտȫСһ׮۸˵ʱһ˳Źġ
ǰһ˴СգҪ׼ҪչСգǸʱСջС, ·߻Ҳ˵ż´أȻҲ뱣ķտɱϾˣôЩĵġңԼŮԼŮ飬޾ϸҪΪġ
ʱҹҪ𴲸Сճι̸ȣҪ򲼣˯ĲȣһϸȻҲ밲Ȼ˯һֱҹСգ
кܳһʱ䣬յڶȥѧУϿζǴصĺȦġ
ܽˡǭZȼȭһΰĸױʾž֮飬ҶСӡûʲô뷨ûеִ㣬ǡδꡭҲǡ
óЦЦ㰡ЪûŮءնܵģɱ㻹ð
ιѧ㰡ôܹҺδĻأʱأȻоƵϰ壬һϹͷˣʹˣɲҺȡǭZȼڰ֣ˣȼɣһɽС
ȷû𣿡տ˿ʱ䣬緹ʱ仹ҪܾãֻܿһΧҲǳȺӵС˵ЦɽɽţǭZȼһɽеġ
ûһҵɽ¸㷢ϢǭZȼøշſģȻؾƵЪ緹ʱǵýңҪһȥǸ۹⾰һôء
áСյС֣գǰ˵·СģҪȻؾƵȥϢˡ
ǰ̣·СޣؾƵҪúϢѽСյͿˡ
õģ֪ллСաǭZȼСյתͷ˵
ţؾƵԺ󣬼ǵøҷϢһ¡
֪衣ǭZȼ̲סǰ٩һ£ϾچµģĺǲĵӰ
ƲƲ죬ǭZȼƺ
ȻɽһСʱɽٶȵǿ˺ܶ࣬ҲͼʮӣǭZȼɽˣûһͻصƵˣҲûǸշ˸ϢѰȫƵ꣬ġ
漴㵹ڴϡ
۾
һӡ
ӡ

ӡ
۾
˯š
ֻͨѶ¼￴Է֣ͻȻҪܶһٵġȥʲô
Ҳ֪ش˵ڹ
ڵʱĻʮ࡭
ǭZȼ롭
Էţ׼ҪõĶɣֻȷϣȻҲϢڻ
ȴֳٳٰ²ͨ
ǭZȼֻǾáԷԼĻߡпյĻӦûԼŶԡ
Ȼûд绰˵Ҫȥæɡ
뵽֮ͨ
šҳʱ͵ص㣬쿪ʱ򣬶ˡԷ㵹ҲûǭZȼʱ͵صĻҲеɡ
šǣҪȥʲôʱȥǭZȼ׼ɳϣŵӣѾСˣӾĻ滹ڰͰݱţһߺԷͨŵ绰һ߿žݡ
ţҪȥУҾͻˡԷ˵Ժ󣬱ĬˣڵǭZȼķӦͻش
УôôɰҲҪ߳֮еģǭZȼȷ΢һһֻңϵ֣΢ͣһ£ȻһƵǣҪ졣
ڡɵĽȰɣ˳Ļžһ죬˳Ļ͵ûѶһЩʱ䡣Էʵش𣬡һᾡʱģ죬ͮͮĶ磬Ӧû֮ǰϻȥμӵġ
ޣСͮ㶩顣ǭZȼŻȻһ㣬еңӵһߣ˺ü룬ɳڷ˼ԡСͮ㣬ǾҪô
ͮͮһʼҪİĿǰûҪıĴɡ˵ԷҲ̾˿ҦͮĴ飬Է㻹ǻ˵ġ
ǭZȼ̾һ
ô̾ˣ
ûǡáеϧʱӡǭZȼҦͮôϲģû뵽Ǵ飬㻹ûҦͮıľ
еϧ
Ժϲһġ
˵ͮͮôԷǭZȼ˼
԰ҿóСͮϲ㰡졭Сͮ㡭Ҳʼ˼˰ȻǻϲˣһĻǺܿϧôôѵõĻᣬܹϲһô׵鰡
ͮͮšҲɡҸ˵ĻͮͮġҡڲĵطڣẦ˰ɡʱҸ̫ͻȻǾͻⲻô
Ϊһж̫˳˰
һСĵֿҸġ塱棬ͻһεϣ˵һ㣬ǡٲ
ҦͮûţϲģҲȥš
ˡǭZȼظ⼸֡
ͻȻеˡ
񡭡Էһɡ
СZԷڵ绰ǭZȼоƺܵҦͮͼ֮ĸȾƵġ
ܾáǭZȼķӦҪƽܶء
Լһʼ˵ģǭZȼҪĵصͬǣУƺûһ㲨ֻǡʽľһ£֮⡭ûˡ
һʲôô
ڷֱǰ˵õġ
ţôˣǭZȼعɳϣȴȥӾݱЩ޵ľ飬ɳαϣ˫컨壬ֿʼ
㡭ԷֹģҪҪһ桭ȴû˵ڣô
šһɡֻͻȻеƣ̱ɳϣ붯ء
ҡá
Ϣɡǵʰ첻ҪôǭZȼԷ˵ߣ⼸ܺã¶ҲУ䲻ȣͺ
šԷӦǭZȼġ
ֻǣʼûʣҪҪ顣
ǡҾȥ˯ϻҪȥɽ
ãɽʱעⰲȫҪһȥҪͱһȥ֪ôԷЩġ
Һ͸һ𰡣ܰȫġǭZȼЦŴԷĹǡ
šЩ˯


Իˡ
ǭZȼͻȻֻŵһߡ
ûвͨԷĵ绰
졭ԷûҪء
ȻԷûǸ˼ĻôᣬǲǻȽϺá
򣬱ܾĻ˵Ҫˡ
ҡ
֮ǰԷҲ˵ˣĻšҲֻᱻԷͬĴ𰸻ؾɡ
Ȼˣǡˡ
뵽ǭZȼεҡҡͷڵԷ㣬һ취ûС
ǡȥ˯ɡ
ʲô롣
лҪ˵
ϡ
˵£ġϧ֣ʵҲ˵ССZ
˶ڵȶԷҪҪ飬ϧǡ˶ڵȣֶûᡣ
漸ҲСZС㡣
ȻҲдһ
ϲҦͮԣĺܸϾһƪģãУ
һƪҲд̫࡭
ǻн
ھ岿֣һƪ֮ĸϸд
Ȼ˵һ£еĲֽԺѧม
šѧҷŵһƪġŮѡȦƪģãӴ
ʱҲдˮֻǰ͸

Һϲָо㡫


ึƪղ?


110 
, ڵˡ, Bͦõ
, ȷԷ˷ɻ, ǵBС
жģмͬ¡
˻ʱ, ԷʶI̧ͷһۣĺܺ, ȵڴ, ֻһźɫ, Ҳ䡣
ǭZȼ˵һ
ô
ҪҪȥǭZȼء
Է㡭ûо
Ͼͨ绰, ǭZȼһֱûᵽҪ, Էʵڲ֪ǭZȼôģҲ֪ӦӦȥǭZȼ
֪, ǭZȼ᲻Ը˵
ǡ
ǭZȼ˵ˣԷҲ֪, Լ᲻š
һ
ֻܺԼĻأ
Ļ, Ǹô
ԷԽԽ, ǭZȼˡ
ֹϰɡǣ˼ϵģʼԽԽܣеĸܵһ㡣
ǭZȼżʱĳĬżʱķſճ, żʱġᵽԸδ뷨
飬ʵ̫ࡣ
еһ׮׮һʱǭZȼѾˡ
Է밡
һֱûȥע飬©ΪǭZȼ˵ʵԼһֱǱʶУǭZȼΪСӣʵһ˼˸ĳء
ţһ㣬ֲΪʲôԭ顭Է˵٣ĸоЩӡ
ʲôݸоء
Խ㡭
ǡ
ˣ
߶аɡ
ΪǭZȼĽ㣬ǸڽˣǭZȼĳɳԷĸӲѡ
1ˣȥԸɣ3ſءԵ
ʱģԷ˼
ԷعҲ룬Ͼô룬òһܹĴ𰸡
𰸣ǭZȼ
ֻǭZȼ֪𰸡
ƫƫȥǭZȼ
ǭZȼҲδػ˵
ȻؾƵɡھƵĲԵͺˡԷģЩϲŭһۣؾƵ귿Ϣһ
õġӦѾˣ롣
Էͷ漴˳

أͰԭƻȥеĺ԰طԺȼȻأҸУСʱɻʱ䣬6㣬ټϣһȥһԸɡ
Ү
Ү
һƬ֮
μӹ˾εͬ£Զ൱ˡ
ǭZȼʱݸ飬Ըպá
ôСգһȥ԰𡣡ǭZȼߵСߣСЦʵ
ýԺǭZȼԸɢᣬ˱㶼Իص׼ȥˣʮӺھƵſڼϡ
ţϲģȥ࣡Сնȥ԰飬൱ĸˣºܸ߰
Ǿͺá԰ﻹиģȥม
𣡡С۾תͷȥգ䣡б𣡳˺໹𣡡
ţȻֹк࣬кöö㣬С㣬ȴ㣬ʨкءЦ˵
Ү
СĶʰһϾҪԼŮ˵
ţѾʰˣСͷɳϡ
طȥú𣿡
ã˵ţСձǣŸյ֣ܣЦҲǭZȼ˵һſڼɱ˯ͷˡҲ٩ǭZȼ
ǭZȼ⻰εƲƲ죬֪裡
˵꣬ǭZȼЦЦҲûкܸ˵ӣֻǡЩ΢ɡ
ûкܸˡ
Ҳûвˡ
о
һƵġ
׼ȷ˵һŶʱը
ʱ䣬ԷҲѾBˡ
ǣΪֹûյйԷκϢ
ǵ绰ǼѶ
ͳͳûС
ԴˣǭZȼ١Щʧɡ
ι

ղų˵һ֣ǭZȼ;һ
ﰡտǭZȼ⸱ӣЩĿࡣ
û
ʲôأô񡣡ļ򣬡һֱվҺջط䶼궫ˣôߵʱʲôӣڻǸ
û°ҾڷѣǭZȼ˦˦֣ʾԼû£Ȼ״ģֻغɰ档
߰ɣʱˣȥ¡óˡָָ̧֣Լֱϵʱ䡣
รð
ʮӺ
ڣȸŵںתһȦȻٸȥݰɡǭZȼѵ
ʮӣһ˱ŵںһȦ
ݣ4㿪ʼڿȥŶˡտ˿ʱ䣬ͷȥʸգȥ𣿡
รǡȥɡǭZȼʾԼνҲû
һֻںɰ֣ŵֻʼûзӦ
ǭZȼ̾һ֡
šտһǭZȼЩ֣Ҳûж˵ʲô
ݿʼԺ󣬸һֱڸա
С˵ϲ࣬û뵽СջϲҮǭZȼûʲôȤͦʵģҲ£ʱע⵽ӱݵĿʼڣһֱڸգû뵽ôȣ˷ܡ
аƲƲ죬ǭZȼ
ϲࡣ
ǣԭôһ
ǡΪϲϲġ
Ǻܿɰϲ
ɸҪǣϲǸˣϲſɰĺ࣬ԡںֶ࣬˼ϲ
ϲడ
԰һֱϲģ֪к԰ĺݳģԺҴȥ
ð
Ǹʱ򣬺˵Ļ񡭡·ڶ߻ţȻ˷Ǿˡ
յڴġ
һҲѾˡ
ڡ
Ϊʲôίܾһԭ򣬲Ϊ
ֻǣ뵥ءŮһһεó̰ɣûзգûԥ
ðɺðɣġϲСǭZȼһ仰Զԡ
Уûޡ
ڣһλڣһ𻥶һ°ɣԸ𣿡ѵԱۿݵйڻš
ǭZȼͻȻ棭󣭷Цһ£ȻѸյָˡ
ǣǱһλŻɫ©·Ůʿɡ
ջЩ±Ƶ״̬ѵԱĻʶĿһԼ·
ɫ©硭
˵ĲԼ𡭡
ʶ󣬸յˡתͷǭZȼǭZȼȴû¶һװʲôûƵġ
䣡Ǹ˵ҮСһ˷ܵץŸյ½˵

λŮʿ
ɣ裬˼̨ȥϻءǭZȼԱʹ˵

ûа취ֻӲͷƤߵ̨ǰ
ûϵǺѱĶҪ¡ѵԱ˵ţø΢΢ָź׸յͺա
һ󣬸վãͦġ
ڹϯǭZȼչС֮⣬ҲһĻļ¼˸յ
ȻֻҲдƬ
˳㡭
Ҳһ˺硣
ѽѽѽ
ĸоá
˲䣬ǭZȼ飬ôһ
ȵջԺǭZȼرȵӭӵѽ𣬺ǲǺܿɰѽ
˵ءЦţ촽š
Ҿãǵء
´ɱٿˣȻҸûꡣҲúǭZȼƽˣϾȷͦġ
ѹ֡
ôϲࡣ
䣡䣡
ţ
ǲǳɰѽҸոտˣĹϵܺʱ㺦°СһԶץŸʡ
ûӴ೬ԵġԼŮͷҺǸѵԱ˵ˣһҲȥú㣬𣿡
ţСո˵ıסղϷſ
ǭZȼһԣ̾һĸŮӣ˼
ι

һֱڹĵֻգԣ̽磭ʵ
£ո㲻ڣյ񲻾ͷôǭZȼЩĲɵĻش
УһԲŵӣԾƽʱǰȴһɲ䣬ҿʲôģ˳İɣʵϣڵ˭Ϣɡ
⻰ǭZȼĵֻ֣ʱһ㶡
۽ǵ⣬׽һĻգգ۾˵һ·ϣû¾ͰֻóȻǰѣ֣ᣭڣڴ棬ΪҲ֪ô

ڵȵ绰ǭZȼ̹׵ĳˡ
ĻͺôĩӦòӰɡô顣
û⼸ǭZȼ˵Ժԥ˼룬ֲһ䣬ҲˣС
ге㾪ȡ
š
ǲǺܺսתǭZȼϣ˵ʱгأȻôɵ鰡гôþô졣
㻹˵ôɡǭZȼķӦȽƽ̫࣬ɺϣûйҪУ⼸ġ
ðɡҡҡͷǣҪ𡣡
֪
֪Ǽǲ
ûᣬҲ
ԭһҶˡģٶ˵ʲôֻǿοǭZȼרĿݡ
һߡ
βĿȥһҪϸÿһˮҪ¼ҪԷ㽻ÿһ
ӵˣԺԷԹ緹˾Ƶ꣬۾ҪϢȴٳû˯
ֻôʮӣҲû
ܾáĪĸĸоѻ棬޴йԼ޷
ţһĻ飬Щ飬ǿбԼо񿪵Ļᡣ
ʮǰҪֲϸ򡣡˵ԺԷ㿴һ۱ʼǱϵʱ䣬ˣôɢᡣˣʰˣ°ɡ
˵ҪǽӷϴǻӭһȥԷɡжС˵
Ҿ͡Է㱾ҪƾܣǽôһӲ칤ٻҪﶺһ죬˴Ҫһûа취ǴӦðɡ
ȻǴӦˣǵԼԷĵطҲһţţϯ䣬ҲƣԷƾܲˣҲӦ˼ģе൱飬֪Ըȣ㶼ŵ
ˡɢʱ򣬣ߵԷʾл
ˡԷҲͦ
˾ˣʲôԸֱӸˡܹܺؾƵȥϢɡ
áԷͷǵ˱ϳԺ·˸ٻɫ·ƣڳĲϣĳš
ȴҲڽš
ǡ
ǲʲô飬Ը
ǣȱؾƵˡԥһԷ㻹ǾȱôؾƵ꣬˾ƵҲһˣڿյķ棬̫ˣԷڹ룬;Щܲˡ
õģҪȥ˾ʵ
ţתתɡؾƵ꣬ҲûãȥȥǭZȼٴ硣
ţ࣬ʱ䡣
õġ

㡭װİɡȵͬǶ뿪Ժ󣬸շǭZȼ˵
ⶼ㷢ˡѧ㲻ѧѽǭZȼΧûˣŻָɫԼ·ĻиղǸĺģ
װ
ѧѽܲװѽƽʱǰһɶǱҿӹˣҪǲװĻոܷŹ𡭡ָÿ˾һơҵúȶٰǭZȼ˵رίûŮҲҸ˵ҵչŮԲܺȾơֻɣû취ֻܿԼĴ㰡
㰡ðĳЦǭZȼ

ΪҲ֪㰡㻹ǹġڻԼķ䣬ûڣСѾԹϴԼȥ˯ˣղ˵ĻȥαظԼҽءں˾ƣҲ׳˵ȥ𡣡
Ҳ֪סİҡһ˵ȥ˵ܾңǺûӡʵǭZȼںӣˣǡܹǰǣԷû档
ԷܾĻǭZȼ֪Լûˣ
£Էܾ
ܾáֳ룬ͻеЩѿ
򴽣ֻҡ
ǭZȼӿڴóݸ
˰ɣǭZȼɳϣ۾Ъ
ǭZȼ
Ҳȷеۣо˿е
ꡣһ
ǭZȼ۾
ﰡ
ûֻǰѸղͼƬԷ㣬һֶûãֻͼƬ
ʱûֵͼƬ롣
㡣ȷϷͳɹԺ󣬸ղŰֻǭZȼ
ǭZȼ۾ȥֻ׸ոոյЩʲôԡۡѧ㣬ﰡ
˫ס䣬ޱĻش
仰ǭZȼôôö졭ЩƬ̵ʧ
տǭZȼƺûףҵԼֻͺ¼һֱ棬ȻչʾǭZȼ
ȥ˺ݣ
㡣
Ƭĵĺܺãұ
ϢԺ硣
õģǭZȼˡ
֪Ƭˡ
ٺ٣ѧ㡭
лл㰡΢ЦŶǭZȼʾлǭZȼȫá
ѧ㡭⡭ҲǺİǭZȼͼ
รġɰѧãҲء¶޺Цݣɼ丹ڣ硣

֡
Ļš
ǭZȼֻû
ôտǭZȼ˸ŵֻ

壬塣Ϣ˵绰
ô

ǭZȼеԥ
ҲϻˣֱùǭZȼֻˣ濴ǭZȼŤŤء
ιǵģҵķ䡣ͨ
ǭZȼ۾ʱӾǸӣգһ˫۾Ÿա
ƺڴҪ˵Ļƺڵȴ
ˡ
лҪ˵
ӡ
Ҵǣn
ǴһµģһܶͬѧԼȥˡ
ΪͬѧأѵûҾȥˡ
ȥϲŻǡľʱ֡
첹ϣѣ
һһ¡
򵥽¡
֪ܲ־顣
ССZʵܾᡣ
ܶࡣ
ҪҪ飬ڵȶԷ飬ҪҪȥԷ
֮ʵܸӡ
ݵĻеɡ
ʱԶЩɻûԶ룬뿿
뿿ʱֻᡣ
һ£һ


111 
ǭZȼɳ, ͷ, ĵʵ
Ƶſڡʵش, ٶ, ͦġ

ǡҪô찡ǭZȼˡ
ʲôô졣㲻, ôȥͺ𡭡ܼ򵥵Ⱑ, ȣҪ򵥰

߰հǭZȼɳ, ŸﰡҪҲСԷ, һֱŶԡ
ˡ

ٶȡ
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ռǸչҵ绰Էŵˡ
λ
С, Է㡣⴫Է
õ, ˡտǭZȼһۣװ𡭡ҡҡͷû, Լȥˡ
С㣬á, òʺá
áԷӦ, ȴԾص濴ȥ, ȥӷĳȴûпǭZȼ
ʡСZԺŷԼƺʧˣȼȼ
, СȼϢձ壬Է߽䣬ԷͷƮɢڼͷЩңպ촽Ҳƫ죬ӣӦҲǸսĳƻ߷֣ͣĸϹ˰ɡ
񣬱߸·߸˵칫˾ͬһȥ˺԰ԺһȥԷһСȼЩƣ˻ЩεģϢ
รԷͷŸߵɳϵǭZȼ
ڱĿ
Ҳ˯
ǭZȼһ۵Է㣬ôġ
ɸȴôΪ
װ˯϶װ˯
ǡҾȴطˡллСչԷòĵлţߵǭZȼǰļ򣬡СZСZ
šǭZȼƵ۾ԵûЩԺӣС㡭
šԷӦ߰ɣطȥ˯ɡҪŵСϢ
šǭZȼԺģЩૡ
֪ķ𡭡պĳҪԷ㡣
֪ԷȴնĴ˸ջû˵ĻȷıʾԼ֪ллġ

ͣûм˵ʲô
ζĿһԷ㡣
Է㱧ǭZȼ뿪ǰմŵ٩һЦݿǭZȼȻϣǭZȼװ˯֮ǰŸգգ۾
ݼ
ǭZȼҲװ
ȵ뿪Ժ󣬸̲סҡҡͷ

Էʲôᡭ

ġᡱƺҲͦõģ١ԽǭZȼ˵ͦõġ
뵽ձ㸹һЦ˸ȥϴˡ

ԷǭZȼڷ䣬Ŀڴ˷˳صǭZȼԼķ䡣
ãһ·ǭZȼܹԣҲû֣ûзƷ衣
ȻصԺԷǭZȼŵϣٺǭZȼԺվ
ǭZȼ۾ΪҪ뿪ץס
Է˶٣ȥ
ǭZȼоԼƺͻȻɥʧ˵֪Ӧ˵Щʲô
ˣô࿴ŶԷĬ
࿴ԡ

ûĬιԷóһۡ
ҡˡǭZȼͼһ£ոաеģھ͡ˡšô˵ţе԰

ôǭZȼܲĳĬų⣬Էһġ
յ㷢ϢԷ㿴ǭZȼĬ˼룬˵롭׼ȷ˵ӦǸСֻҷϢɡ
šǰɡš湦Ҫģôղװ˲ǣҸո˯ˡҲ̫ǡӦǸշİɡ
Էͷٶԣתߡ
ҪȥǭZȼ
ǳĬΣԷûлͷֻ֣ϴ衣ԡҡ

Է߽ԡҵӰǭZȼãʱһ
ܾá
Է죬ֵֹġ
ȵԷԡҳѾǰСʱԺˡ
ˮȣȥϴɡԷ㴩Űɫԡۣԡ˳ǭZȼǰ
šǭZȼ̧ۿ˿Է˳ԡģĺܺÿϴװ׵ģ۵ģһ㶼ʮӣʩԷԶʮꡣ
Է㿴ǭZȼĿ⣬Щֹ˵Щʲô
ôˣƺʶԷĿ˼ǭZȼĵʵ
ûСûʲôƫƫʲôû˵ڣֻܹҶȥϴɡ
มáţǭZȼƨ߶ƨ߶ȥϴˡ
ȵԡҳʱ򡭡
һɫԡ۵Է㣬ԼֱۣվڴǰŴӳҹɫһء
ǭZȼ򴽣һȻ˫ԼԼһ׼ţߵԷߣӵס
ʲôǭZȼͷԷĲ䣬һţԼһԡ¶ζ㣬ϲ
жһ
ǭZȼáԼѾ޷԰ء
롭ԷԾŲϵĵӰӰԼǭZȼ
ţʲôǭZȼԷĲ̧ͷԴļͷ۾
㡭ǲ⣬ҲϲˡԷͻһϵı鶼ûһһı仯
ȴǭZȼ˫ۣĴ㵡
ǭZȼס
Էʲô˼
ʲôأ
ܾ
ǰʾ֣
ʲô˼ôһ˲䣬ǭZȼãԼģͻȻͿˣľôһ˲䡣
ԷͷЦЦͣͷԼ촽Ȼ¶ǭZȼ˫ۣҵ˼˵ڳˣԼ˼ԼĿˡԼ˸ǡ㵱ĻǲҲӦ˼һء
ǭZȼͻȻˣ̲ͣסЦˣȻ˵ԣǾãҲϲ𣿡
ԷãԼ˵ЩѣЩɬûô˵ֻǣлᣬѡӦеȨ
ǭZȼĸˣøӺЦˣҪѡ񣬻ѡϲ㣬ҺһֱأϲҪѡˣң㣿
ҺԷҲ˴𰸡
أʲôͻȻʵ㲢ϲңֻǿңΪã˵ϲ㣬㲻˺ңʹӦңȻڣˣ˵Ҫѡ𣿡ǭZȼһֱĵ飬Ƿˡ
ڡ˭ڣԷüǭZȼǭZȼЩԷȴ޷ͬܡ
Щ⣬ǭZȼЩʲô
üˣʵǸˣŶ԰
ǭZȼͷһԲ
Է㿴ʲô˵ͷǭZȼƿĻҧҧһǾ仰ֿѡĻᣬܡʲôݣ㽻Ҳã㡭ĽҲãʲôݣҡĿһǭZȼĬģҶܡ
ķȡ
Ҳļˡ
ͺͰݣѾΪֹˡ
㶼ܡܡǭZȼͻȻãҲһʼûϲҡҴûбᶨѡ׵˵ϲҲǭZȼһֱǸᶨѡˣҪȥѡΪϲˣһֱֻԷ㣬ҲֻԷ㡣
ϧǣԷȴδᶨѡ
ǭZȼ
ͷβǱѡǸˣǡѡǸˡ
ʲôأ㲻ɴһ㣬ֱһ㣬˵ǱȸҽǸ˺ˡΪҵĽ㣬㲻þܾң𣿡ǭZȼԷ۾ˡ
Ȼ˵ᶨѡң͸ʲôءԷҲˡ
ǭZȼüԷ۵ţ㲻ҪøдǺòãҸʲôûС
𡣡ԷͻȻĹϵֻͨѧѧֻǹϵĻֻ𡣡
Ȼأ
ѧʱʼա֣һֱߣһʼҲΪҶģֻ̫Ͼǵѧ㣻ֻǺ̫ͶϾѣֻǺ̫ĬϾǻǹϵĻ飻ֻͷβֻԼ̫࣬鷳룬ֱ죬ؼҡ
ҿˡԷüƺڻһЩʲôܲõ飬㡣ûоܾûƿû¶úͲϲҰǴεᡣ
ɺأһһεĺ׽ҴӲĵĿ佱ӲεϧңĶû˼ϲҶ𣿡ԷһʼһֱѹԼάԼƽֱԽ˵ԽоԼʼЩ
ֱڣղţϢصԼķ䣬ȥķĿ֮ʲôûУʲôⶼ𣿡
Էһʣƽȴ̡
ӡǭZȼ
˵͸ûʲôġ
ҲֹһεģԷʾϲգԷ㲻ҪԴס

Է㻹ˡ
ǭZȼû뵽ġ
ǭZȼͣͣȴ֡˵ڣĪġЦ
ԷԴ׳ԵطǭZȼûҲӲ֪ԭԷ԰Լ˼ôãҲصô
ո飬ٴأײ֪ǵһΣɳ֮أжٴΣûֵĻҪʲô

㻹ãҪѡˣң𣿡
ǸӡǭZȼ̲סԼڶͷϣ࣬ɻͷʹ
ҪôͰ
ԴˡҪͣ˵ĻȴǭZȼ˿ҪЦġ
Էû뵽õǭZȼֻش
ʱǭZȼӦñʾʲô
˵ԴײԴ׵ʱ
ȻǭZȼֱĵ׵Ĵ𰸵ʱԷջûɵ̳Ѫͨ졣
ڵõǭZȼġԺǭZȼһ£һ§סԷ㡣
ݲ̬ǿƶԵס
лҪ˵
ϣ

ϣ
һ¾֪˭Ǵ˭Ǹˣ
ǣ

Ȼ󡭡
һ¡¡
š
ܡ
ע⣬˵ǡܡ
С
ֻǿܡ
һȥоһвС
ϾǶá
ԡʱҪ̫ڴ
ϣȥϴϴ˯

˵ˣʸԴλңڣµıǡ㻹Ҫ
һµı⣬Ǳ֮⣬Ҳǡ㻹Ҫ׸衣
ҿµʱ򣬿Ա߿ʵҦͮ
֮ǰǸҽˣҾǶΪǸͺ͡ͲҪҡһ
˳˵£Ժб͸һĻҲƸ
Ҳ˵һ¿Ա׸߿ա
ллʸԴҡ
ƪղӡ?


112 
Էʶı㿪ʼ, Ҫ, ƫƫǭZȼ˫ֽס˫, á
ʵ
Ļ
Ҫ, Ҳһôѵ顣
ֻǡ
˵ףƲסԼİˡ
ǭZȼǵҲôİԵ, ˵ǺĶԴԷ, 潥, ԷҲлӦһЩ
ǵʱûкܳ, ǭZȼǵûʱ򣬲ɿԷ㡣
ʲôԷջЩ΢΢, ҲЩ, Ҳ֪ΪԽǵʱȱΪղһ̸ת̫, ޷Ӧ
˵ءǭZȼ⵱Է棬ˣԣĴ, ζ˵൱ˡ
ʲô˼Է㱻ǭZȼԵŪЩ, ˡ
˼ǡǭZȼ΢΢ſ, ҪúõĽһԷϥ̸ģƫƫղŵ˱˴֮һ֫ӴŪԷ˯ЩңǭZȼƫƫԴܹԷɫ˯֮µĹ⾰
š
ое㷢ء
ʲôԷü, ڼԵһͷɢţﲻ̫ĿԷ㣬Ȼ޷޲ƽš
͡ǡǭZȼ۾ķֱˡ
ʲôԷЩͷˣѾҪǭZȼľˣ㲻˵ĻҾ˯ˡ˵ԺԷֻǭZȼһıӰȥ
ǭZȼŻָһ˿ѣԷ˹ȥ
Էŷĵƹ⣬ԼӰӣĪˣⶼʲôʲôոյĻȫԼ˵ˣǭZȼôҲñʾһ°ɣͶһĬ
ҡﰡԷߵߣһ֮¾ͣһתûǭZȼأͷһ߿
۰ȻǭZȼȫûϵԷͻȻͣҪ֣Էıסġ
ΪԷһת㽫ײ˸
۰
˾ô˴ϡ
ڵµһ˲䣬ǭZȼʶıԷףס
ﰡԷоˣȴЩŤ飬ȴɵ֪Ǻá
ôû°ǭZȼ΢΢˫ֳԷ㣬רעĿǹС
ҡܾáǭZȼЩȣԷջЩ죬ҡڵơǭZȼѹϣȻȼ䡭ôôŤԷŤͷǭZȼӣش˵û¡
û¾ͺáû¡͡ԷĻشǭZȼһšֻȻĸоݹԼԷڵơǭZȼԼԷ֮ؽӴ󶨸Էϡ
˿̵Է㣬ͷڴϣɫķ˿һ˫ۿ𴦣΢΢죬˼˵ķζԵĲϸҲܳˣԡ۸ΪողСĵڴڴ󿪣۵ļӤһƣ¶Ҳǰ͹£ڸ桭
š
ǭZȼŬŬü˼۾ԼܹøһЩšûп´ҮҲ˵Էòơûдµġ
š
ȿȡ
㣬ƺǲǭZȼĿ⣬Էķָ

Щ٣ߴǭZȼ˵
šǭZȼҧҧ촽ţ¿Է˫ۣոҪ˵Ļ
ʲô
Ҫ˵ĻǡǭZȼ˶Լ壬ԼŲŲյԷĶ˵ǡԽ˵ԽС
ǡԷĶ䱻ǭZȼߺŪ΢΢ҲЩòЩʶҪӽ˫ȡ
ǡǭZȼȻάŴսԷߵƣ˫ȴӳߵƣԷ˫ʮָۡ
ʲôԷüҪûˣҲҪûˡ
ң룭Ҫ㡣
Ҫ㡣
ܼ򵥵ֳɾ䡣
Էڶ̡ৡıܵѪˣʶıҪǭZȼȻǭZȼȴûóѣ˵Ǿ仰ԺǭZȼȥסԷˡ
һΣǣӵӯ
Ҳӵģ೤
ҧסԷ´ݿ´һ££壭⣬ģ飭ţһ£¡
š㡭ʲôšԷţǭZȼڶȴȫȻΪ
ԷૣȫУԷȫ޷мܵϸ壬޷ֻ֮һͶ뵽һ·𿴲ͷ֮С
ҹܳ
ֱڶ
ǭZȼ۾
ڣһƬڰ
ˣ͸һ˿â䶼ڰ֮УǭZȼֱ֣ԼĶͷϣԼܹٶ༸ѡ
һֻʶı쵽һߣҪӵסǸһҹŮˡ

ȴʲôûС
ǭZȼ̱۾ͷȥߵǸѾˣɫĴϣֻʣԼһˡ
˵ǣյķҲֻԼһˡ
ǭZȼ֣ḧ˸ߵǸλãƺһЩ£壬ɵǸѾû˵λϣͷҲͷϣǼһᣬƺŵͷζ
Ȼɫͷϣмķ˿ǭZȼʶһҹǸŮ˵ġ
Ļ
һټյķ䣬ҪΪһҹֻԼһξˡ
ôˡ
ʲôʱߵġ
ôҲԼء
飬ô
ǡ
ˡء
ǭZȼſԷĴλϣһҲ֪Щʲô
ܾá
ԺĪľЩʧ
ûп֮еԷ˯ǡǡ෴ǣԷ·ûƵģ뿪Ҳһľôߵˡ
һ߼ѶûС
Ҫһжû𡭡
ǡ
Էúˣ
ǡ
ʱ򡭡
ܵ͡Ӱ
ǭZȼڶǵãԷǷֵģ
ٷڣԼһڴϡ
Щգճȭͷͷȴǲô˺һԺǭZȼҲʧȥƵģҲΪġʽ̫ɣʧȥ¡
ǭZȼ̾һϵԡԼϣȥϴˡ
Ȼ
ﶼûпԷӰӡ
ЩŽšҲԷ㻹ԡһ߿ء
ȻﶼûпԷӰӣĺۼûˡ
ڣֱһһ£ǭZȼЩɥ
롭
ǭZȼǣˢϴˡ
ϴԺ·𴲱ߵֻȻʲôûУһʱ䣬ˡ
ã磭ֱԼ¥ȥƵһ¥Ĳ緹ˡ
Ҳûʲô飬ˣеĶȼٰΰȫˣԷĵˡ
ǭZȼһôݺݵžһҧһΡ
лҪ˵

һһ¡
һûһ½ˣ졭
⣬һ¿顭
˵뿪ġ
˽һ¡šĲĺܣһֱҲǡʣҲܡ
ˣһᱻˮġ
ԡšûа취д
Ȼ˽һ£Ҫƣ뿴ҵ
ΪƵĻԷڷʱԶż㷬⣬ǰݻֱ·⿪ԡ
š
ĻԹעһҵΧϾҲҪ
ʱһῪͶƱͳһա
ȻԽԽʵܹƵĻԼҲҪһš
Ҳ֪СʹԸĻҵʱҲӡˢĹϵһ
У׽氡ҲʱŪ
ӡ
š
ʲô뷨˵Ҷῴ?
Χ˽Ҳԣ˽Ҷصġ
ţ¼


113 
Ҫ˵Ļǡ
ǡʲô
ң룭Ҫ㡣
Ҫ㡣
, ԷǱûǰ, ļ仰
šһ绨ѩС
Ҫ˵
ǻǵһΡ
ԷĵһΡ
ûȥ̽ⷽ, , 磭£ܶʱᡭҲҪȥЩ롣
Ͼ
ΪԷ, ǭZȼ֮ĹϵЩͬ
һҪӡ
һĽҪǡ
Ĺϵʼնû취ֿ
Ǳ˴ˡҲӲĹϵ
, ҲûЩ, ôҲǸ˰, ҴӦǭZȼһԷ֪, һ, һ춼ᷢģֻʱѡ
ֻ
û뵽ǣǭZȼ֮¡šϣ
Ѿǵ׷˶ٴ, ǭZȼҪٴΡֵûȥϸҲȥ䡣
ֻ, ڽϣ, ۾һ, ͻȻʶ˵ЩʲôЩʲô
̫Ѿ
͸ھƵ귿ĵ̺ϣԷȥ, ۵޷۾ĵز
ǣֱ۾
Ҳûѹ
Ƕߣȴ˾أȵغ
Է룬ŸͲҪ۾ȥȷŵǸ˾˭
Ϊ˿Լڻϵ¶ȣζԼǳ˴˼׵ȣԷ㴫š˭Ϣ
ǭZȼ
ǭZȼ
ҲֻǭZȼ
Է֪һ㡣
۾Լƽ飬ϣܹƽǭZȼ
ɵģǭZȼУ۾˯죬Ҳİȡ
Է֣أʳָָǭZȼü䣬üëŨܣٺУСͺܺÿڳˣԵøӢˡ
Էһֱû˵ϲǭZȼӡ
ȴϲ֮⣬ĴĽǶȶԣҲϲǭZȼĳࡣ
˿̣ϲûз˯ԼԣõݣϲǸ˵ݣԼߣԼӵ뻳
ҲϰߣֻǴڱܵ۰
Է޴ӷֱһ֡
ǰã˵ڡȫС⡣
ʵҪ˵ȫеĻԷֺγء
кܶʱԷ㶼޷ĵ棬ȥѡǭZȼϲġ
ֻ˵ǣԷԺܿ϶˵ǭZȼһϲԼģݡϲԴʲôأУмֵİأЩԷ޴ӵ֪
ϲϲ֮ľ룬ʵ̫ˡ
һֱһ
ǭZȼһԷѾˣʮʱ䣬ǳϦദûзֿû뿪˴ˡ
¾ԶˣԷеĴѧûпǹֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ѡؼңΪġܹǭZȼߡ
һʼԷ㻹οԼҪǭZȼоµҪǭZȼɺԷҲˣһҰοۣõ̫ãҲʧȥ˹Ч塣
ҲҪǭZȼģҲȷҪǭZȼеµġԷ㡭벻ǭZȼ
ǭZȼҲѡͬ
Է㣬ͬһѧȻǭZȼѧʱԷͱҵˡ
ľ룬ֽ˼֣Ҳ˼׽С
ԷҲǭZȼԣҲǲϣ뿪ԼģҪԼ׽ġ
ΪеʱǭZȼ֮׽Գ͸ĸ֮׽
׽
̫ˡ
ôϲǲҲпܣأ
ǭZȼ˵ֻΪϲԼѡ
Էεģô
Ҳ
ϲһеġ
ǣء
Ҫ˵ĻԷûôİա
ΪǭZȼᣬҲ㹻㡣
кܶܶϲ
缾㡣
Ҳȥܶˣϲܶˡ
ա
Ȩ
Էʵڲ֪ԼӦô棬Ҳ֪Լȥ棬Ӧʲôȥ档
ԡŮѵ
ǺҪôҪĳԴףˣƢʹ磭ӡ
ÿҪôʱ޷ô
ΪԷ㰡
ԷǲԴ׵ģҲˣƢᣭʹ磭ӡ
ȴᡱ֮⡭
Է㡭
Ҳô
ǡǭZȼĽ㰡
ӦøǭZȼ㹻İݺͰ
Է֪ǭZȼ̫ᣬԺ󡭡һ࣬࣬ˣ͵ˣǡˡ
У̫̫Ĳȷ磭ˡ
ҲԷһֱΣȴ޽ĵط
ǭZȼĽ㣬ӦðԵأȡֵģǭZȼ˵ӽ󣬶ֻ׼ϲһ˲С
ƫƫԷ㣬ǭZȼĽ㡣
˵
ȫʲôġ
ԷԣҲûй
ҲһֱԷ޷ԭ͡޷
ǸˣǭZȼ͵ˣǭZȼĵˣѾˣǸհ
ǭZȼһѧһֱ̣ʱաԷŵģûз¹ڡԼˡ
ѲеĻ˵˳ڻòеƹˤζҲƺ̫һص磬ǰҲܺðɣ١ڲĵȥ
ԷǭZȼ֮䣬Ӧһ𰸡
ǼӦһ𰸡
Է㡭ҪǭZȼ
ǭZȼϲյĻֻߡûʶʵϲյĻ
ǭZȼʼã¡㲻һˣǭZȼԷ飬Ҳı䡣
ԣҪ֣ԷܹģҲֻнܶѡ
ѾܹΪǭZȼģˣſ֣ɣǭZȼҪĻ
ڡĻʲôġ
Է룬ԼΣ޷˵İɡ
ǭZȼĽ㣬ӦáҲֻܹǭZȼҸף֮⣬ܹʲôء
Դ׶Ҫ
԰˵ЩѾԷļˡ
ǿԣ򵥵మĻͺˡԷ㿴ǭZȼ˯һǣô˵
Ȼ
ǰǡ
ԵĻ
Ҳ
ǣǡĻ
ţģ룭壬ѿǭZȼĻϵ·ĬĬĴãߵߣ˴ǭZȼܹ˯ĸӰһЩ
ȻڿҵԼİúã߳˷䣬ͨһ绰˼һϣھſڡ
ԷûѡǭZȼڵľƵ귿ԡΪûлϴҡҲҪԼϴˮǭZȼȵ˯ߡ
˵ˡ
ǭZȼѹԷڡ֪ӦȥǭZȼԼЩ壬Լ˿ĵ뷨
С
ǭZȼ˵飬ĿǰΪֹȻûһ𰸣ǭZȼʼûиһ˵
ڴģѶ侲£ȴȻʧȥ˵ȴǭZȼ͵ĺ
ǲ˾ϹϾվڳǰȴԷ㡣
ҶľƵȥɡԷϳ˼һЩ飬Ե˺ܾãõˡ
ˣҵְǵģСʱ˾Ըͺá˾͵
һؾƵȥɡһȥõ㶫ֱӻصλᡣԷʱĳݣȫ»Ը
õġ
ڣԷ㶩ľƵǭZȼľƵ벻ԶֻҪʮӵ·̶ѡ
ԷٶȻصԼķ䣬ϴ˸裬һ·
վھǰԼϣ޴ڵǺֻۡǭZȼķ
Խô룬Խá忪ʼȡ
ԼźƵģԷ㲻Ծֿʼеͷͣշ졣
Ҳǰ죬Է㻹мڣһԡĹӣʱѾЩˡ
ŻææĲԼ壬֡šǭZȼָԼȫĸоȥָо·Լ룬ɲǺۣȴܼ
Է־Ī߳ܡ
ҳһ˿ԼΧϣȷסеǺԺŷĵĵ˵ͷֻص˾Ƶһ¥ó
ǲҪȥ˾ţĵʵ
صλȥʮ㻹һҪҵλԺͿϢˣȵ°ʱ򡭡Է㻹ԥ̫ȷ죬ǭZȼ᲻֣ǭZȼĻǡҸ绰Ұɡڴţ°ʱһûд㣬ֱ°ؼҰɡ
õģлл˾л
šԷͷٶԡ
ȵ˻ԺԷŰ˹ֵĸ߸ЬաֱңǸڻ鿪ʼǰӵˡ
̶ȣûгֹ
ңĽһأ·ʱ͸оˡ·ʱֲͬĹУԼ΢ʹС
Щǰйġ
ǰ˵ǰ˹ֵĸ߸Ьʮֵĸ߸ЬһᣬվСʱ⣬ɽ졭
ȻĪľۡ
ղϴʱԡҾ￴ģԼһǺۡ
ǭZȼǸж
ôݵ졭
뵽Է㲻ҧҧ⡰֢ᡣ
лҪ˵
Ҹ
һһ¡
ߡ¡
忴ֲ
һ
˳һ˵аҵΧ_YukixҵΧ
ӭעκ飬ھ뷨飬Ը˽ҿͻϻظա


114 
𡣡˵˾仰, ҲȴǭZȼķӦ, ԹԵĶˡ
ǭZȼ̧ͷǸ, Ҳû, Ҹ㲻ǶѾô˵Ժ, ǭZȼҧһΡ
ӴӴӴʲôѽ, Ǵܼս, һ֭
ǭZȼƲƲ, ûشգ֪, ƾ˵, Լ⸱ӣܹµʲôˣȻ, α˷ѿˮء
ҺĹ㣬ôء˫ֽ, °͸ֱ, һȤĿǭZȼ
ǭZȼֱ˸仰, ɸջһֱ﷢ë
̧ͷͻȻ˵ʲôһȦſ, Сأô
ڷԹԵдҵ緹ʣļƻڶȼɽׯԼϿдҵʣµʱͿôôˡ΢һ¡
СտԣҪиŮҲСôԾͺˡǭZȼ̾С⺢ӻͦɵģдҵء
˼û򣬿ǼôɿɰŮһ̸Ůվ͇Nɪòˣ˳ǭZȼ
˵ѧ㣬˵Ҳôɣ֪鲻㻹ңûһͬİιӣҺίǭZȼ߿ϸŸյѪ
˰ɣ٣ίˣտЦõĿǭZȼŶǭZȼһԡ
ﶼίǭZȼرί
˴Ժһľߵ˵ģһ仰Ҳ˵ô˵İ
Էô
ӴӴӴ㿴ӡռֱûۿȥ֣ʳָָǭZȼ죬ǭZȼİɫ£ڵĿӹûпϣû뵽ϸС㣬Ҳһ氡ݺۺǺۣšУҪҺöء
ǭZȼͷڵķ򿴹ȥȻݵһģһ
ʲô
ΪʲôԼ·ʱûзأ
Բۡ
ڹڳϣǭZȼԼҲ̫㿴ЩϾΧˣܲ£ǿԼ·ɡ
ǭZȼץԼڣ̧ͷգһϷģѧ㡭
ô˰Ļ𡣡Цֹ꣬⽫ǭZȼȥŵǭZȼԼø
ûվǹġ
ǭZȼڵģվ̲סЦˣֱ̫˺
ʲôǭZȼ֧֧Ŀ˵ȵҡȥϴּ䡭
ţ㣬ȥɡյͷ롱ƣȻһأֱߵĲ˵ǿҪʲôԼŮԡ
ǭZȼ˵žվֱϴּķȥˡ
һ·ڣ߽ϴּСŸ֣Ϊ˷ڴĺۼֽ⿪һӣͷһŷ֣ѽҲ̫˺𡭡
ѹָ˵ʲôҡ
ǭZȼһֹǼҰ
ֱй֮޲
ǭZȼ췢ġϴͻ·ʱ򣬶ȫûע⵽Щ
һֱˡ
ǵĵطкüǺۣĵطһۼĳݺۡ
˵ЩԷģ
찡
һֱˣҮ
ǣԼҲкۼҲ˵ԷҲлӦô
ԡ
Ϸ顭ԷҲиоô
ûоܾǴԸ⣬ӦǴϲɡ
ǭZȼͷ˿ԼϵġһƬǽ塱̲ס̿ˮһƽһԼ飬Ȼ󣬰ѳµ¿۸ȫȥˡ
Ժ
ǭZȼص˲
ôܼ࣬һһҹɡֽŴգ۾΢ЦſǭZȼϵĵ٩֮Բˡ
ǭZȼƲƲ죬е˼ȥֱӸյ۾˵ѧ㡭⡭áûɵĸ̾һ䡣
ѧùˡЦӦȻ˵˫۾ǻ۽ءô˵ţֱߵĳ֭һڣţʳ֭ģ治



պ֭һһֱĬŵǭZȼ֭ŵһߣ٩Ҳ٩ˣ緹ʱ䣬ûߣҲ˵ܴĿǣѹԺѾ뿪ˡҸղһһĲɵģ˵Ȼš죬Щִ
ôʵԷǭZȼò룬ѾµǭZȼһᷢʲô
죬£ǭZȼڴǺۺͳݺۣҲ˵ǭZȼԷϴˡ
ǣϴǭZȼȴȻƲ֣˵Ǵšʲô̫顣
š㡭Ҳ㡭ǭZȼҲ֪ӦôȥԷ֮䷢顣
Ҫ˵ĻֻԷһֱڳƴ׶ѣǽԷһԾ뿪ˣҲһһѶߵ绰ûУҲδ̫һЩɡ
괲Ժ󣬾Ѷġ
˵˻պķ˸ۣǭZȼ֧֧ģ˵Ҳ˵ˡ
ǡ˵ĻǡԴˡǭZȼǳ˵˵飬ΪҺʲôϲʵ㡭˵
˸ţŵ˵ͷมӦ൱ƽأһ㾪ȶûУ·֪Ƶġ
㲻𡭡ôܻϲ㰡治֪ôô롭ǭZȼεҡҡͷ
ɵǳٶۣü£ϲǰһֱһ˵ĻԷĲɡԴҲҡʵ˵һֱáҲ֪ȷЩ⡣ѵ㶼ûп𣿡
ǭZȼԶԣвֹһεĺ͹Ҹ˵ҺûʲôĴ֪ԺüҶ˵Ҷû˼ˡ
ǣȻ˵ô࣬ڱϲң˵֮ǰļΡ˵ȫûдﵽ֮еЧɡպǭZȼˮ
ѧ㣬Լǡ
ߵˣ
šô˵ţǭZȼóֻһۣһˣҲûһ绰һţҸ㲻ʲô
¡֮䱾ûʲô˵㲻ϲңϲңҲῴ㰡ֳԴʹǷ°ĴһǷ԰ͣȻףлл
ۡǭZȼһˮѧҡҵֻͣǡ
ǭZȼпǹԷŷķʽֻǡַʽҪյͬ⡭
Է֪кӵ飬ǡ֪СǸպͺĺӣӲ֪չȥ罻
Ƕθ飬ûиյͬ⣬ǭZȼǾԲ˵ģȻô˵ܶԲԷ㣬ܾáδյͬ͸ԷĻһϣڸյ˿Ƶġ
ֻǣʲôպϾĿǭZȼڵġ
û£ûʲôǭZȼøõ飬Ҳ˵
ŴǭZȼֹЩ˼
СѡôǭZȼ磭ֱӳ⣬ٽ飬ܲŮѵ飬Ҫ鷳հɡ
ûϵմܹǭZȼֹҳһЩ˿ԸҺ֮顭ҲǼ˵ġֻҪ
ǭZȼͣû˵ʲô
ֻҪ粻֪Ļͺˡհڳ̬ǭZȼԷ㣬ϾԷᣬҲøһΣȷбŶԷССĳԴףȻȥͷǭZȼģֻû뵽ǣԷôɧԲôá
ҡ
ȥЩ飬Լ֪ܹʲôʱ
ûĻЩպ粻֪ȥ飬ڡ³Уǡ
տʼЩûʧ
Ŀǰ˵
ֻҪ粻֪ȥ飬ͺˡ
˵ˣյ˼ԣǭZȼ԰ͺȥǷݸ֪Է㣬ܹú֪
Ǳ˰ɡǭZȼܾ
ûϵҵľˡϾҲû飬Զ٣ҲøΣǷġ˵Ƶᣬ
ǡǭZȼüЩ̫Ըģ
㣬ĶôϻմǭZȼĻȥúýͿǭZȼļ򣬡ҽеĲͺˡմӷӹõˡ
šǭZȼŸ뿪ıӰ֡
ܾеԲء

ǭZȼ˿ʱ䣬죱ˣʣµ棬Ȼ˻Լ䡣
뻹ǡ
Ȼط˯ˡ
ȻȵĻص˷ǭZȼڴϣȴȫȻû˯⡣
Է˹λãԷͷϣӦôԷ͡

Է㻹ǡ
ɧء
̰
ϸĻǭZȼڴѧʱʶˣҲʶˣô˵աֹߣѾǺǰˡ
ѵǸʱԷѾڽ𡭡
ǸʱǸûһ𡭡
ôҲ˵ԷʵѾ˼𡭡硭ѾʼںԼ𡭡
Ϊʲô˵ء
ôͿʼںԼ˵Ļ桭һܰɡ
ǰΪǭZȼô
һ˳ôõƴס
ƴ׵ζôôô
ﲻ˵ء
Է㡭
Ǹɵϡ
ţǭZȼĪ
ڴɵ࣬ȴȻû˯ɴֱҲԼ˯ˡ
ǭZȼóֻ֮еģԷԾûзκϢҲйֻԼͨԷĵ绰
֣֣֡һ
ǭZȼסڵȴŵ绰Էͨ
ҲϣԷĵ绰
֣֡
ι绰ͷڴǸǭZȼ
æ𡣡
ţڴһЩļԷʵش
п㣬һȥԷɡǭZȼŷ룬ٶȱЩ죬ϣԷ㲻ܾ
šԷ̧ۿ˿ʱ䣬°ࡣ
ã㣬׼ʱ㡣
š
ͨ
ҵ绰ԺԷŷǭZȼƺ֪æ
ԷЩԥҪֱӽַȥģܾáǲǻ̫һЩءǡչֳԼڴʲôġ
һ˹Ծ˺һԷ㻹ǽԼλãλǭZȼ
أǭZȼյԷλԺ󣬱̻ظϢ㡣
⼸ԺԷһ䡰šȥˡ
ţǭZȼæµˡ
϶˻ȻǲȵȫƻԺѾ죴ˣڷһȦ뻹ûҪƵĵط󷢾ģûһס
ӿ۵ˡšֵֹġ
ǲ۵Ļͱ¶ô
γǴεģҲûдܶʱȥ
һɫСϣ˱
ɫȽϰΪԷһˣϣ˱ԼϣܱûҪ
ൽʱ䣬㿪ȥȡǰõĻȻֱԷڵĵط
ǭZȼǰʮӵˡ
˿̵Է㻹ڰ칫æŴһļļҿˣûʲô⣬ԷԸȥĲͿˡõļĹˡ
õġйӹǷļ
γӲĽȥһݱң磹㿪һܽ飬ͿˣȻ󶩣ĻƱأСԷԸ
õġеһһϡ
š
ʲô
ҵĻƱöˣһЩ˽Ҫ죬Լȥͺˡûй˼Էľ֪ǭZȼҲýˣǻȥԺֱӷż٣ϰͿˡ
õġ
еĹԺԷ㿴˿ʱ䣬ˣҲ֪ǭZȼûС
æ𡣡ǭZȼĵ绰ʱĴ˹
šոæꡣ
ͣ㡣
á
ҵ绰ԺԷûйʰúԼİ˵ݵͣ͵𡣡
ûУողʵʮǰ͵ˡ
ţǡԷϳϵϰȫǭZȼȥġ
ǭZȼӺùõĻ͵Էǰ͸㡣
ţллԷеЩ⣬ӡУǭZȼʵͻġ
ȥԷɣڲλӡ
š
һ·˶Ĭš
Է㿿ϣŴĹ⾰롭㲻ǡǰƽء
ǭZȼרĵĿȴҲڵȺ̵ƵʱżĳȥעԷĲ
š
ԷȻΧ˿ǭZȼܹһء
Ǻۡ
ԡԷҲע⵽𡭡
ǭZȼԾ˿ˮ
˲ԺƽزˣȽ֮ദҪƽ
ͳԵһ룬ǭZȼټȥֱ˵˵ˣ顭
ԷŲ;ߵ֣һ㶡
̧ۣߣԣڵȴĻ
㲻ãӦöҸ𡣡
ʲô
Է·֣˵Ĵ
ոʲô
Ǹ˼
˴Ժ󣬴·ˣ㲻ӦöҸ𣿡ǭZȼظһ飬Ҳȫǰᡣ
С˭˭𰡣
ԷԼбҪһ£Ϊʲô
㶼ǸˡҪҷҲŲҪҿɲӦǭZȼﵽ£ҪҸ˼ҵףôǸԺͷˡ
Է㣭ˣǣ롭ڲ˵Ƿʣ֪˵ʲôȷϲǡ
ϲ㡣ǭZȼֱ˵ĴԷĻ

أϲ𡣡

㶼Ǹˣϳϲ𣿡
ҡԷܾǭZȼ˵Ļ̫¶һЩҸطȥңǡѾˣڻ̸ʲôϲϲ
ĲϲĻͲǭZȼ˺
㻹ϲ𣿡ǭZȼָҲܣҪҸ𡣡
񱻳ԵˡŶҮǭZȼôôҪҡĻԷʵĹ˵ȥ
ãǻҶ㸺𡣡ǭZȼȵľԷ仰

ϡǭZȼ㿪ʼ¡
˵˱˵ˣԷԷȴǭZȼղŵĵ٩ŪóˣǭZȼģ
ֱ
Ҫ
ôֳ˵
Լ˵
ֱ˺
Էڷ죬˼̧ͷ
Ǻãһ£ҾͲ˵ˡûǭZȼǳԷĳϲܾô˵ţʳָ˵ԼգرҪİԼĲյԷߡ
Է㿴ǭZȼNɪӣ˿ûа취֮չȥա
Ȼ
ԷҪԼܽӴ֮ʱǭZȼתգԼ׼Է졣
һ¡
kissˡ
㡪ŪԷˡ
ԷԷǭZȼʱֿʼȫȻȥԷըë

б˲ռɵ
лҪ˵
ϣ

пעΧзззз
ӭҼעӴ
ʲôµ뷨ҪҽҲǳӭ˽Ӵ

ƪղӣѣ
?ôô


115 
һٷԵԷЩ, һΪǭZȼһĲ·, Ҳ֪ǭZȼǸʲô
ٷԺ, ᷢʲô
ǡҪĻô
, ٷԺԷǭZȼ˴֮Ĺϵ, ҲӦһսˣ
Է㲻֪
Ҳ²
֪ǭZȼЩʲô
ӡǭZȼһԷ;áԼƺѾûа취͸ǭZȼ뷨ˡ
˼, ʱ̫򵥡
򵥵, Է޴ȥ²ʵɿȡ
дǭZȼϵ, ܹ뷨
㡭ԷǭZȼϿǸ͵ı飬Ҳֻ֪ǭZȼ¶ѡ
ڡ
ʲô, ޴֪
ʱֱֶ̫׼, ֻǻǭZȼ˽⣬֪ȥǭZȼǭZȼҲ˵, ȻˡαûȤء
ǭZȼԽԽȻԽԽԼ뷨, ԼĿռ, ЩԷԽԽܹ
Է֪һ㡣
, ŻԽԽûаȫС
ҪΪϷңɵȴòΪеһԱ
ңõһ
ҳˡԷԽԽášûʲôθڡ
ǭZȼԷһȤȱȱģ˶ٲ˵, ֻô͹𡣡
šԷͷɫƽеۡ
šǭZȼҲŵͷʾ˽⣬ҲԱˡǻȥϢɡ
šԷ㲻ٶ˵ʲô
һ൱ƽ֮нǭZȼ֮ģڿؾƵ·ϣǭZȼҲһֱһȥԷĲ
ӣҪ۾Ҫ˫￴ԼȴʼûҵʵĻᡣ
Էûиᡣ
һֱͷڱĲϣŴ޺ƣĬ
ǭZȼһģΪͻȻѹֵգһʱ֮Щ֮⡣
ͻȻ֪ڵǲһԷĺʱ
ΣˣԷ𡭡
Է㡭ɲĻġ
һԷĲŵĻѵҪѸչԸǭZȼҪ
ңԷ㱾Ըƺ͡ûʲôøеӣóȻøճ棬Է־Լ͸֮èô죿
ǡ˵尡
ǭZȼڽҪҪԷʱ򣬲֪䣬ѾĿĵء
ˡ
šţԷѹԺŷ֣ǭZȼûԼľƵ꣬ǡ
һס𣿡ǭZȼ൱˵ʵ˵ڵһ̣ľȻЩԷܾ
šûСҲֻһ϶ѣռƻԷҲûAˣֻûоԼһ뿪ǺǭZȼһͬС
߰ɣȥϢǭZȼͣóߵʻԣţԷ֡
ôһ˲䣬ԷЩԥҪҪǣסǰһֻ֡
ǣסˣܹǣأ
С
ֻ֣ˣ
Է㡭ǵڼ
ôˣǭZȼԷһֱעԼȥֻ֣ȴٳûжʵ
ûʲôԷҡҡͷǽԼǭZȼġ
Bгܶ𡣡ǭZȼóǣסԷ֣һֱûٷſһ·ص䡣
ãֻǹӲ켸ĿѡԷ򵥵Ļش˼䣬Ը⽫ʹչ
ʲôʱǭZȼԷͶȥѯʵĿ⣬˵Ժ־ԼƺЩʲˣһ䣬ҵ˼˵Bгᵽʲôʱ
Ѿɵ߰˰ˡԷû˵滰AС
ôɣǭZȼһЦ˾Σһ졣
šԷûǭZȼ˼֪ǭZȼĽͣʾʲôͬʱҲ޷
ǡҪһȥĻƱ𡣡ǭZȼ˶٣˿ҪԷܾĻᣬ㶩ˣҲԸǩİɣһȥɡ
ðõҪĴ𰸣ԷͷӦʡ
ǭZȼҲ䡣
ȹȥɣл˵ǭZȼָָɳߣʾԷȹȥ£Լߵһԣ£ӾƵ귿Сó׼õĺƣ˳㡭ڱԷһ̣˳ֽ⿪ԼϷſӣܹ¶ҪԷ㿴ġǺۡ
ԺõɳԵĲ輸ϣݸԷһ
Է˹ȴûкһڣΪע⵽ˣ֪ʲôʱǭZȼϷ¿۱⿪ˣɫǺۣУĻˣҹ˾ķࡣ
һڿ𡣡ǭZȼָָԷϣȴٳûǱơ
Էգգ۾ǭZȼߣȷǭZȼЩĿʲôҪ𣬸ոճԷʱҺ˲ˡЦ
ûмǴĻո͵ʱǭZȼйˣǸʱԼѾ˲٣ǭZȼȴһҲûкȡ
ôһǭZȼһЦ͵ʱΪҪһڶûкȣſˣڡܰȫѵ㲻Һȼ𣿡
ǡðɡ룬Էû뵽ܾɣǭZȼɫҺС
ԷֻһڣǭZȼǴ󷽺ܶ࣬ƺġܰȫƵģһβʣĽƱĺȫȹˡ
ţָԼһ
Ȼһںȹ⡣
һȹ⣬ظüΡ
㡭ԷܾǭZȼ̫Ծ
ǭZȼּظŸԼƣȻֺȹĶʱԷץסǭZȼҪƵֻ֣̫ˡ
кܶ໰˵ǭZȼ̧ۣЩ٣ƺ˺ܶ¡
Է㿴ǭZȼעԼ˫۾һʱ֮侹ȻЩ֪Ǻá
ԣǭZȼ仰˼ǣȾƾûа취Щ˵𣬸ոһֱȾƣ׳˼𡭡
ץֻ֣ûȥĬ˺һԷ˵ˡѾˡ
Ѿ𡣡ǭZȼҲ֪Է㣬Լ㹻ϲ㹻İȫѾ𡣡
Էģ©һģüѾ΢΢쿪ʼﲻ֪˵ЩʲôǭZȼˡ
ûҺѡǭZȼסԷסֻ֣֪ʲôϲҲ֪ϲ˭
Է̿ˮʵЩѡ
𡣡ֻװνƵô˵ʵڻشǭZȼֻҪ֪ǭZȼĴ𰸡
㰡㣬ֻ㰡
𡣡Ҳ֮еĴҲ˵ƫƫЩԷ㣬ûһ˿
㣬κʱġסԷֻ֣Լؿڴ׵ʱǣ˵ϲʱǣʱǣʱǣǰǣǣԺҲǣǣ㲻֪ʱҲǡ
𡣡
лҪ˵
ӡ
ڸǡѣ
ңѣѡ
̫æЩ
ǡװ޵飬Ǹװ޶ӵĿҼҶʮ죬ںͬ͵ˣûװ꣬ķ
ؼһḶ́˵ұ˽ҲСΪҵڹһǲֱһĹġһҪһԤʲôġ鷳
ԸַſʼŪ
סݼ

һʼָµģѣ
ԭңѣѲҪҡҪҡ
ȻǴҵСؿںˡ
󴸣Сม
Ҫ̫˼زѣ
Ц
Ҳµģѣ
˵ǰģǰʱֳȥˡ
ȻҲ£Ӧòôæˣʱգ
ôôգţ
ǣţŨq?


116 

𡣡

ǭZȼһĻ, ԷԶԡ
Ȼ
ǭZȼ, 㹻Լϲ, Լ㹻İȫ
ǭZȼ, 
Է޷ش
ǭZȼ˵һֱϲ仰һ
ûʵС
̫԰ˡ
ƯĻ, ˭˵˭˵
ԷáԼѾ֣ˡ
Ȼ, , ĺܺ, ֮ô᲻أǡЩ, ǲᵱ, ҲҪȥ档
Ҫ
һ죬Щֻ˵˵ѵĻԲôѹ
Ϊһ, ԷΪҪһЩֱٵ, Щ, ǲܹ, ߷ͺã͹ˡ
̫棬ֻֿԡ
οĥԼء
˵ģǭZȼƸ׵Ļ, ԷжݣҲֻǶݶѡ
ȻѾһˣΪѾһˣԷԽԽá֮ľ룬ԽԽԶ
²ǭZȼЩʲôʲôƿزסĸо¡
㻹ǲϲ𡣡ǭZȼĵ˵һ䡣
Էüҧҧ̫ˣһҪ˵Щ𡣡
㻹ǾáϲǸ𡣡ǭZȼ̾һ˵áϲգϲ𡣡
šһΣԷܻ䣬ֱӳˡ
ǰôõġ
ʵһֱֹǭZȼԷ㶼Щֲ壬ǭZȼ֮䵽ʲô飬ʲôϵ
Ѿڽˣ˵˳ϵ
ǡǡо̫ƽһЩɡ
Է㲻Ҫ˼ֻܾãѾǭZȼԶԷ˵̸ˣȴʼûСΪˡһʵС
˵˾ǣ˴֪ͶԷϵɳ֮⣬ûʲôʵʵ֤
Ͼ㻹ûнʱǭZȼҲ
Է㡭ԼԼһЩʲô
һЩͬڽùϵΪڽ˹ϵˣӦ顣
š
磬顣

ǽ֮䣬Բȥ飬ҲǽùϵвڵԽ硣
ǣͬʱΪ˵ǣ顣
Էвֻһֱû˵
Ͼ飬ÿڰټϡԸǲ˵µġ
˵ڵĻͻ֡ǭZȼ˼ɡ
ԣʵԷôһáԼǭZȼ֮Ĺϵƺֿʼвͬ
رǣڿǭZȼϵļǺۡ
֪ϲҡԷ㽫ƵһߣûȥǭZȼ۾оǭZȼ۾ĻЩû취˵ˣֻǣա˵Ҵûпһ˵飬񡭡κʱҶܹĿ֡
ܹ˵Ҿϲ𡣡
ⲻܹ˵ĻԷͷȥǭZȼ۾ʵ˼ңܹ˵ʲô
ǭZȼϲҲֻΪһöԽϲҲҲ˵ϲǳ̶жأ
ҡ
ܽ⡣
ԼŮѡͣһŮӵ飬·˭ϣܲȥİɣ
ΪʲôǭZȼƫƫ֪һ㶼ûвⷽأ
ΪǭZȼҧҧʵǭZȼ촽ЩɬպƣеЩڸɣ壭壭ͷˣ촽
ԥ˺һǭZȼǾ˵Ҳ˵ġֻǣӣ˵ĻԷΣԼ͸֮ûʲôġ
飬á
⡭ȷϡ
ǰں˵ĴڵʱԷǺչôϲʱԷϲǰ㣬ö֮ǭZȼ˳µԷġ
⣬ûпǵԷ顣
Էʱ飬Ҳͺ͵ԼĿ㡱ʱһĸӺͲɡ
Էû˵ĻǭZȼ롭ܡһֱעⲻɡ
ʵ
Ȼ˵⣬ҲǭZȼԷԼ飬ǭZȼܹ黹ǾЩ˼
ûжԷֻûаϸ˵ֻǰѸյŵĸԷ㽲һ飬һûʮֵ˵̫ϸں˷ʱ䡣
ⲻڱ£ʵϡЩǸҵģ˵֪ΪáᣬһΡǭZȼ͵ġҸûʲôҲϲոô࡭ӦףҲԲϲҵġ
ǭZȼ˵Ĳ࣬Ҳ٣㹻Էȥˡ
㻹ŵĻȥʸգ˵ĶģģȻǭZȼԥһðűԷΣ˵ԵĻϣʸյʱ򣬲Ҫ̫ȥ顭Щȥ˵ţŰɡ
仰ǭZȼ˵ЩƮ
ʵϣԷԸģԷȥѰʵĿŶȣô̫Բˣоøպѹġ

ôڡ㻹𡭡ǭZȼЩΪԷ˵꿪ʼһֱûٿڹԷûб̬Ҳûʲôرı飬ǭZȼʵڲ²͸Ǹʲô˼
˵͡磿Էʶ磬ΪĸĹϵм棬ֻ㲻ʶĳ̶ȣÿμǻкǵͷ֮
š
Էֻ겻ѡ
֪ʧ飬˵ǣ֪˲٣Էǵã֪ʧʱѾԺ˿ʼּҵҸһһ
ˣ˶ûӡ¡
Ǹʱĺ磬ļһƬհס
һŰֽ
ںΪʲôʧ䣬Է֪ǣظ˵ĶǣŮͻȻһ󲡡
ΪʲôôͻȻΪʲôôƽý嶼ûбԭ򣬴ȻҲȥ׷ʣ϶༸亮ѡ
ԷҲǽ֪ԭǺ͸һԲš
ɸաиŮ𡣡ԷǵãпյĸϣΪǼҴСȨޣټϡ˽ȥ˽һŮżһǿյġ
ġ
Էֱͣ͡
ˡ
˵ʲôˡԷ۾ͻȻЩѹ͸మǣŮҲǡйǷһУȫˡ
šǭZȼԷ㣬ͻȻЩӵ
Լˡ
һһжǰͬһж¿ʼ
ȥЩʹҲãͿҲã˵ҲãСصĸҲãͳͳֻԼǵãڣһʱ˿ǰԷ㣬ȫȻ֪
㲻һϵġʧ䡱أ
ԭԷͻȻ˺ܶεоܶԲǭZȼԸҲǳıǸ
ȫûԭ
ڣҲܹ⡭ΪʲôǭZȼʱյ֣յֹ֮
۵ʱ˿̣ԷоԼƺͬܡ
֡
Ѿȫ綼ǵˡ
޹صİǣ׽ļǣమҲǡ
磬һƬֽʼ
ҵ磬ȴҪת
ֻʣһ˼ǵˡ
־
ԷҲãѹ
Բ𡣡ģܱǸ
ǭZȼ򴽣ңԶ˵ԲʵҲᣬҲӦõģϣûдãûйǺĸܡ
ڣ𡣡
š
յ飬ҲܱǸԷ̾һͻȻ౻ʲôѹסƵġ
գҲöܱǸǭZȼҧҧȻ˵ûϵȻҲҪ㣬ֻܾöܱǸ˵𡣡ǭZȼû취ܺõĽֻͣǲҪԷᡣ
˼֪ǭZȼʲôܾá֪࣬ҲǶԸյһ˺Ƶġ
˵
ţ
ϴΣȥ㹫˾㣬ҿովһڡԷ֮ǰȥ˾ǭZȼʱ¡
ǭZȼҡҡͷ
šԷˡ
ǡΪһԷɡԷһ֮ǰҲ˵İɣһʱ䣬Һ͸ʽ棬Է
ǲͼôǭZȼü
ôһǰܾòʽĻԷ˶٣˼棬ŮѵݣһԷ
Էô˵ǭZȼȻӦʣã͸˵
šԷҲǡ
ڡ
ʲô
ʱ仹硭ǭZȼԷ˫۵ߣʼƣҵǺ۶㿴ˣǺҲҪ鿴ǭZȼԷǳ治һ˿Ц˵
ԷĬˣȻȵ˵˵ʲô㣡
˵˵ţǭZȼԷѹ£ַĶ࣬ĵͷͣ鰡
һ֮ҹ
лҪ˵
ڽ֮ǰ£
һ¶Щǲһ¡

ͽ
˯ôôôôôôôôգţŨq?


117 
, ҪһҳԷŵ绰վһ, ȻһֱһֵԼŮϡ
, ԰
ﰡ, 㻹ôҳԷ, ôﰡЦҡҡͷʲô
͵лҽ˰ǭZȼ٩
ʲôⰡ, ûʲôҳԷл, ûҪɡܵ, ֻС飬ǭZȼ˵̫ˡ
ʵС˵, Է, ǰҲֻһֱûҵһʵĻᣬᵽ, ԰Ҿǲͽ졭ǭZȼڵ绰һͷ͵, ֪أ
ǡðɡûʲôҪҳԷ, ңϣ˰ն˶, Ǻͺ
šͺˡõܸˡǭZȼ֮䣬βסϲá
Ǿͺá䣬Ц˵ʲôʱ, 
ͽˣͶھƵ긽Ǽҷʽ꣬𣿡
û⡣˵ţձߡ
绰һͷ
ôôˡԷ۾һ˯ģԡЩҵĲڰ۵ļϡ
˯ˣˡǭZȼֻŵһߵİϣߵߣ˳Է£ḧ㷢ôٶ˯
һ˯ˣˡԷƤһЦ
ոڸ˭绰ԷƽɻɲɵƣǭZȼ۾˵
հ㲻˵Է𡣡
รԡǡô˵ġ
һʼƴ˵ˣ˵Ϊ黹Է̫ˡǭZȼ̲סЦ
ǺءԷ׷ʵ
Ҿ͸˵ҪԷģȻʹӦˡǭZȼԷ͵ӦҲСһСŮӦüŶԣ֮ǰȥ˾ҵʱǴθǡҲŮȥ˾ˡ
еӡ󡣡ԷԻһ£ʱпһСţеԶûϸע
Ůܿɰģ۾ġëҲܳѵһСӡ˵СգǭZȼ̲ס˼䡣
ܿɰӡԷЦЦȻûкϲӣҲᡣ
ʰʰڴ绰һ䡣˵ţǭZȼڴСϵֻ֮ǰԷĶͷϣһǡ
ԷȻܣǭZȼߵȥ绰ıӰܾá˿̣ǰ֮ܰס
ʰˡԷϴԺ֒ԼһֱԼȫ´ˣߵڿӵǭZȼǰİ䣬𡣡
ţѾԤˡ
Լļ㡣
ʮ㡣
Էֿ̧˿ֱʾʱ䣬ǭZȼļ˵˰ɣھͿԳˡ
รðǭZȼɳϵСǣԷ־ͳˡ
ʮӺ
ãòʼλſڵĽӴ΢΢ǰò˵
λҶλˣڶ䡣ǭZȼ˵űֻԤõϢҳ棬ݸӴԱ
õģӴԱȻǭZȼԷֱȥ˶İ
㿴ʲôһ֮ǭZȼѲ˵ݸԷ㣬ҸշϢ˵ȵˡ˳ѰϢҲһ𷢸
ǵǵˣһͰɡԷ㷭˷˵ûѡͣҲǺܶ˵ţתͷһֱվһԵķԱ˵˼ǵѵһ͡
õġҾſڵţҪͻ߱Ҫ󶼿ԽҡԱͷ˰ᣬţվڷſڵһࡣ
ſˡǭZȼĵ绰ֻҳʾǸջظϢ
šԷͷȻû˵ҲĲҪֳ滹̲סľЩš
ʵҲһμգǰȥǼԷͷҲʶգֻһΡԷԼģҪǭZȼŮѵݺ͸ռ棬Է
ŲͬݣͻرʹƵģԷ㲻ɵЩԼıֲá
ǵһʽݣǭZȼһԷء
㡭С㣿ǭZȼԷüȴʼûеõӦɵôӲ˵̧ͷȥעԷ㡣
ţʲô°Է΢΢һЦԼԵȻһЩ
ôˣҸոպ㼸ûзӦ岻ôǭZȼսЩоԷɫǺܺõӡ
ûֻǡЩѡһ£Է㻹ǾòҪԼеŵǭZȼˡ
Ҳ֪ǭZȼᳰЦԼ̫ˣԡǾðеĽŶˡ
ʲôءǭZȼġ
ǡ롭һҪʲôԷҶ
𡭡ǿ㲻ЩӡءǭZȼüһ˫̽۾һֱͶԷϣ˿ûƿĴ㡣
ѽ˵ûʲôԷסǭZȼ۾עӣܲ˼
𡭡ǭZȼʹס۾Ҳ˿ûҪŹԷĴ㡣
ǰԷҲִأϾ¹⣬Բá
ˡͻ֮ĴΡ
Էջ֣ǭZȼҲɫ
ãѵˡԱӦƿš
˼ˡǸգСա
˰ʱ͸ոպð׼ءˣáǭZȼ˵ûϵ뻺һա
ɡԷȻЩţͺжţҲʮͷæҵġ
ллӦԼŮҲŵԼԱߣ֮˵̴кѽ
ǰ̺ãСǰ̺áСչԹԵŸյĻ
ǭZȼһֳ֪ƺ϶Ǹս̵ģѽСǣôﻹе̵أܾСڿƯء
СáԷЦ֣СյС֣ôչȻǭZȼ˵һ۾ܴ󣬻Ǹء
ѾȵΪֹɡǭZȼ֣Ѳ˵ݸǣȵͰɡһ߳Աľͺ
˵Ҳǡյͷ
һͺ󣬷Ապ˲˵¼ǵĵݱרҵĻµˣſһƿǭZȼָõĺƣÿ˵һȻСյһǹ֭ˮ󣬷Ա뿪һ԰˽Ŀռǡ
ллƽʱڹ϶СZչˡԷ㿪żɽҲûбҪŤŤģˣ˵ʲôܹϲҪڶʲô
ˡպԷ˱ȴûֱӺȾƣԷ˵лʲôģΪĽأǡ֮൱ˡ
롣ԷЦЦ׻ǰѻ˵ĺֱףٷһʼҾСZŮѵݳϯġûбġ
̫ˣҸͬ£ЭϵʲôչˣҺѣ֮以æӦõģĸлһ˵ءЦЦһξٱﱭڣűһں˱еĺƣ˵൱Էˡ
ôԷӣΪ˱ʾ⣬ԷȻҲѱеĺƶˡ
ţָԼһƣԸյƣֻյ˱ѡ
һأΪҸˣġԷľúܲ˼ΪԼǭZȼ飬ǣ˸գЩôõĹȥϣԷľúܱǸܱǸ㣬ллô󷽣Լôֵ飬ĺܶԲ𡣡
˵ţԷԼԼһһˣǭZȼԱſɵˣûס
Ҳûס
ǭZȼ˵ȰԷٺȵ㣬롭Է˵ҲеԷ˼ֻǣǭZȼʵҲеöԸպǱǸ
ڸﰡûн⡣ЦЦֻƵᣬСȼôģ˵ôʵҲҶĳɷҲҲν⿪ᣬ㲻þñǸ
ô˵ллչСZԼллǡϣտԴ󷽣Է㲻ܹʲô鶼ûзһҲȥں̫ظˡ
л͵Ϊֹɡհڰ֣ҰõľǱǸĻлĻˣҪлҵĻ˽Ȩҷż٣ٵʱһֻ۱һֻۣʱܹŮտЦ
ðû⡣ԷǭZȼЦŴӦԺ˵һͺãСZһ뾡취ٵġнݼô
ǵȻð΢
ιιôһҰǭZȼһ
ôԶء
ǹ˾ֵģֲģôôôأֱڿ
㣬㿪Ц㻹ˡ̲סЦˡ
㰡Էһֵɻߣȴֻʣĳ硣
ˡԱͲͽˡ
Ǳ㿪ʼһͬòˡ
˵ҵҪһ٣磬ѧУġաҪȥμѧУĻ
ûⰡҲֻǰѣ㹫ݺˣˡǭZȼνʼ磬ٶѣһȨǭZȼеģҸǹ˾ķɹʣżҲҪ£ԴǭZȼֻҪһֻ۱һֻ۾ͺ
лձʾл
һôడǭZȼرĿ˸һۣ˵ѧУĻҸٿɲΪ㣬Ϊպ𡣡
ô˵лǴܼһֻ۱һֻ֪ۡǭZȼ˼޷Ǿ칫ˣʡȥ²Ĺ
˵ѧУġա֪𡣡ǭZȼ˳һ䣬һԵԷ󣬵һֱȥյķӦ
Զ˶٣˵ţ֪к˵顣
ûʲôʾ𣿡Էһ䡣
˵пյĻһȥ㡣ջظƽһ磬ҲûʲôֻǱ߳Ŷ߻ش˵˵пգʱһȥ
Է㿴һһԹԹԵģسԼĶСգգϲСɡ
ţϲϲȻϲ
ǣСء
Ҳϲյġ糣ش
Էͷٶʲô
塣ǸֻһۼѶȻȻıϢ
ǭZȼһֱۣõĲУٿջϢʱı飬ģҲ֪˭ر˵𡯣ţҲ쳣Ľ
һԵԷһ±ƣһĪĿǭZȼ
򴽣ǭZȼıڿһɵƵģ˵˻
ûаҾǰһ¼ѶݶѰ
ԷˣЦЦС㷢Ϣ𡣡
ţҳ緹ûСռ򵥵˵˼䣬Ҿͽ˵ڳԣ˳Ҫæǳ緹

ǡ
Էֻڲ֮䣬ӸյĻ׽ʡ
ǰӲãǼܳص飬Ϊ̫˰֣Ӹյ˵ڶ棬ܾá쳣ĳء
˸оѹ
Ժ󣬵ڡҲûļ𡣡ԷֻǣҪ˳ӱģʳ仰Ҫ֪ǺֻǵҪ֪
΢΢ŵպֻ˵ǡ
֮񶨵
Է㲻ס
ûǡڸ˵ûǹֻǡǵˡ
ֻǣǵ˶ѡڸյˡ
ʧˡ
ǣûǣˣǡǵˡ
ǡʣһ൱򵥵ճͷڸ֮µճԻ֮ж֣ܶ¶ǣҲСˡġ
ʵϣһ̣νġҲСġǡˡʵ˵˼Ҳǵˡ
ֻضǸʱ䣬ǵ˶ѣǻ
ϣͲ
˵飬Ǿᱻġ
ԣԸ˵ûǣֻǡǵ˶ѣǵˡȥԼ֣֮ҲãҲãҲá
ֻǣǵˣ˶ѡ
һ˲䣬ԷˣҲڸյ棬ССڴţҲδĳһ졭ȥʵһС
ǵİ顣
మǸˡ
మֹ
УǵŮ
Ҳġ
յҲϣţܹһж
㡭Ҳղϡ
ɴʱ˿̣˵ûǣֻǡǵˣȻĴϣ֤ô
Է㵭һЦٴ⣬һԵǭZȼһֱĬĹ۲Էܾãе㿴̫ԷҲЩ²͸Է뷨
ոյ˵Ļô
˿ǰԷ㣬ǰ˰ɣ
Ҳܺá
˵ǰ飬ѾǺܾúܾǰƵģǭZȼԼЩǲ̫ˡ
ֻǵãϲԷ㣬һҪԷһΩһܹȷ顣
ҲΩһһֱǵõ顣
лҪ˵


ʧ˼졭
æȥҾˣѣ
һǡ
֮ǰ˵õĶһ
컹һ£
˵һ°ɡ
ǡ͡ǵá˵
ʵкܶҸ˵Ŀġ
ԸȽƫԶȽϴ󣬳зһЩ飬ǸʱȽж
ͻܶ顣
뷨Ǹ׶βġ
дҾãһǲģ
Ϊܹǵ飬;бĿܡ
Ժܶʱճϰ˵ˡʵڱһ̡ǵˡұҪӦҪȥ飬ǡˡ
ѧϵҾôžǡǡ͡ǵáһֵĹͨ㣬
ҲǵáȻһֿԣǣһ
ŴӦöйǾ
˵ܶǰһ飬صȥҿ벻ĳһһǼȫ޹صʱ򣬿ֻں̲ʳӣڹ
һ˲䣬ͻȻܾǰһ顣
ҾǣֻǲǵǼ顣
Ǿ˵Ҹ벻Ǽ飬ǡֱӷǼڹ
Ȼʧ飬һߣҶж塣
֮ôдΪ˱ʵյģʼҪġ
ʵʧˣ᲻ָ䣬ȥʧҲȥ˽
Ϊרҵʿ˽ıȽޣ
Ķʧ趨ǣʧ֢ɥʧļ䣬еֻڶҪûм䡣
ʧ˶ڻ᲻ָ䣬Ǹʧһ̿ʼʱйصģòǣʱԽָĿԾԽС
ô˵أҸʵ൱ţǶԵ˵Ļܻġ
һʱ֮е鶼ЩƬΣǻӡġ
񰮣ϲһˣʲôǵˣ͸оǲʧġ
ҰˣǾˡ
ϡ
оеɿ飲
ͽ
вһⲿҲýҪһ̻ȥ
Ϣ
ƪղӣѣ


118 
շ²;, һ, ҳԵĺܱ, л
, лǸʲôԶٷôµĻǭZȼĴ˸յļһ, ԶٷѣôлĻ, ˼˺
ҾԵ˵һ, ΪһЦЦ, ˵ˣڸлλС㡣ָָǭZȼԵԷ, 㲻ҪҸо̫ˡ
ǻһǭZȼ££壭ͷ, Ů͸ûʲôֱ𰡡԰ھҪֳϲʱ
տǭZȼһ, Ȼ˵һɡǭZȼʮֵ, ֲ, , ټǭZȼһNɪĲ˵ӣҲϹһ֪ˡ
Էһ磬ŸյǭZȼգþա, ҲҪ㵽Ϊֹѽ
˵ǽ̻أаɣԷߵһ裬Ϊղź˵ƣԺֽһɤӡ
ţճ̱Ͷˣس̵ʱҲˡǭZȼ˵ţַֻﱸ¼ļ¼ĵ㡣
أ˾ĶһȥǡվãǭZȼԸ񣬴ǻԷȥ磬Ųܺ͹˾Ĵһȥء
ټϡ֮ǰǭZȼ˵ģԷƺ̫ԸǭZȼߣ̫»¶ʲôġ
รûáǭZȼʵν֮Էһȥͺڸ˾Ķһ⣬ǡԷ⡣
տǭZȼ˼ǭZȼԷոպͺãɱΪԭʲô϶ͲˣСһȥ˾ĶҿžͿˣس̵ͰˣҲûʲôҪæģᣬǩ־Ϳˡ
š˵ķҲǭZȼͷ㿴Է˵ǲȥɣô
ûϵԷ֪ǭZȼҪܻ䣬ǭZȼ⣬ȻԷе⣬еʱ̫ĻЧʵ䷴Ҳ˵롭ǲǱܻ̫һЩΪǭZȼĽ㣬ĵطǡɺεĵطײһôһȥҲ޿ɺǰɡ
Ҹһ𣬺͹˾ȥͺӦжλðɡò׺ǭZȼѻ˵һЩԷҲҪʱ̫ܻ䣬ŪǭZȼľͲˡ
û𡭡ǭZȼ͸¶ЩĲ
ȻûⰡ˵ǻس̵ĳûжλøңԷЦЦοǭZȼ
ᰡȻпλãкܶࡣȻԷ˵û⣬ôǭZȼҲټ׷ˡ
ˣ֮ǰҰ飬صҶˣѾȥˣһһյûСǭZȼʲôƵģͷԸ˵
˵ϷǷ𡣡ԺѰ֮ļ䡣
ԡǭZȼ϶ΪԴˣԺ󣬽Ƿʼ⼸ȥΨһһʼ
յˣҿˣͷеϲ࣬Ҳܹˣл
㿴㣬ˣһлʲôлǭZȼڰ֣һӣ˵Щʲô𡭡ֲǹ˾ģǹ˾Ҳûֱӵҵﰡ
ôղԸ˵
ǺðɣҪҰæĵطǵʱڡȻղԸ˵ǭZȼȻҲʣҲûбҪô֪࣬˱Ҫʱ򣬸˵ĻȻ˵ġ
֪
ˡտ֮ԥĬһ˵ڹȥ飬н졭ᵽģ˵ĻϣǲҪ硣
šԷһڴӦֻڵһʱ̬øΪѾͲˡ
д𡣡ǭZȼûסһ䡣

д
֪ǭZȼ˼óǭZȼʵʲô
ǣ˵ڡ
ûС
֣ûش
˵ǣûã˵ǡҪôȥ飬֪
Ҫ¿ʼ
ɣҪ¿ʼġ
ǣ롱һ£ʵһˡ
ʵʵأ̫ûаգҲûա
ûеõյĻشǭZȼ֪ˣԼӡ
ԷҲеΣҵǭZȼ֣Լģǰο˳ҲҪ˵ͰĿǰˣ롭СҲԼ뷨ǲվԭأСŶֺΪ˰ɡ
Է˼
ȻĿǰûͷôͰԼĲͺˣÿȥıʲô˳Ȼͺˡ
ңʲô˼ʧҲãûлȥһЩҲãԸ񣬶վԭز͵ˣΪ
ʱ򡭡ټвС
٣ΣղóΪǸˣڡҲֻܱ˰ɡ
лл㡣մšԷ˼
ֻǣۺ񣬶˵ǡ֪ġ
Щ顭
ȥĻôۺôնܾ
Щ顭
һ
ȥôãҲ޷ͻġ
Щø޷ͻ飬Ͷ֮һȾͻᱬըġ
ƫƫ
Դ˺֪顣
ǲʱը
Լ֪ʲôʱȵʲôʱᱬըֻȵˡǸԼҲ˵
Ľƣ޷Ժ
һһɡ
ʱҲˣȻǾˣһس̵ᣬСȼǵȥǩ֡ѵʱҲˣҴջطȥʰϢһҲˡ
ţǭZȼԷ֣ŸմС뿪ıӰԶȥ֮ǭZȼŲͷԷ˵ڻС˿ֻʾʱ䣬СʱңôҪȥ俴𡣡
˵еۣطȥϢһ£ǭZȼĵʵ
ڸһ߰ɡ
š
ǭZȼӡУԷʱһֱģ侲ģٻ˿Լ¶
١
ڸոһ˲䣬ǭZȼãƺˡԷĲֻͬһ㡭
˾ôڽϣ⼸һֱܺãģƫƫĵطһҲȣ˾¶УһжǸոյӡ
ôáԴϣյ֮ʼͱЩԾѵҵĴ𣿡ǭZȼǣԷ֣ڽ˺һЦſʮô˵
ûСֻǡĪãЩء˵һֱ֪ŮӺŮһһܼѵ飬ҪԵ̫࣬˵Ŀ⣬ѵĲ⣬ĸķԣȵ飬̫ࡣ
Է֪
ֻǣ֪һ£ʵһ¡
ӲԼϣô֪ء
Ժ飬ʵ˽⵽ʵЩֻغϣ޷غϵĵطʵ֮ĳײ
ûҲϲŮӣĻͲնǭZȼ˼ˣֻûϲǺ磬ҡ֮䣬ѡ
ԷΪģҪѺܶࡣ
Ƕθ̫ˡ
ԷңǭZȼ֮ûۡ
ǣԷҲܵǣΪҲֻǣǭZȼ֮䣬ûۡ
ⲻδҲûС
ֻǭZȼ֮䣬ȸպͺ֮䣬Ӽѡ
˵ףǭZȼҲϵĽá
ȫ綼֪ԷǼŮ
ȫ磬Ҳ֪ԷǭZȼĽ㡣
ԷεĵطҲΪĵط
ءǭZȼظһ֣Ц˵ģȴûȥԷ۾˵յ𡣡
ϣԷ˵յ顣
ȻҲֻǣϣѡ
šʵģ˵ԼǭZȼ֮ɣסǭZȼ˼ԣŸ޷ʵ
ҲġǭZȼԼԷ⣬ɵĴ𰸡
Է֪ǭZȼ
ţҲǡϣܹǭZȼᶨ¸ҡ
лҪ˵
ҰԼ
еæпյĻϻ¡
һ£š
ʾ
һ仰ûдȥ
²ľ仰
ôһܲµա

ƪղأѣ


119 

˾, ˡ
ŮС, ˼ҡ
, Ҫ, ȥϴɾǸŻҲû˿и
ʼæ, չ˺Ҳܹˡ
ʱ䣬һ̥ǡ
õ, 䡫СЦŴӦ, ܵϴּȥԼСϴϴɾ, ȻһԶܻڽеһԭλĸߣ˫̯쵽Լǰ, ϡ, 㿴
šպùԡԼŮͷ˳㿴һֱָʱ䣬Ӷ
, áСԼСӣоá
, ȥӰ, , ԡյһЦӶˣԳһʳӣǲ̫ܳ࣬ȻһͳԲ, ֪𣿡
ţܳʳˣСտɸˣżյԼǰһö
䣬̻𣿡С뿪֮ǰ׳һ⡣
ţ
ǣذ̡
ղԼ顭ûиߺ磬׼ȷ˵ûоҪʲôʱߺ磬Ȼָ˾ǽǼ㣬û˵
һ棬ԼҲϾȥ飬㹫˾ƶϸĳμƻƻʼոϲϱ仯Ҳȷһ桭ûãߺͼ
Ӧáʲô̬ȥ֪أ
һ򵥵ģһˡ
ܾáԼڰʾԼһ

ֻ棬ôԼ
Ӧáɡշ񶨵ذ̣ҲԼҪæûа취Ǽҵġ
ǡ𣿡Сգһ˫۾עŸա
տ˫۾ʶʵ˵աϲذ𡣡
ϲ˵ԺǾñĲȷƵģСֲ˼䣬Ͱһʱ򣬻ܿġҺϲͰ̻һ𣬶ҡ
ңʵСӶԡϲĶǱȽģģĳ̶ֳ˵ֱֺӣԼŮֻش𣬸ܾáԼ֮Ƶġ
Ҫտ˵ġϲذ̡Ϊյ裬ղŻá
ҡ񡭡С˵ͻȻȥյ۾Ҳÿʼ˸
ʲôüûס
ţûʲô䡣Сҡҡͷûаѻ˵ȥֻ˵Һϲม
𡣹ҲϲมԼŮıףЦ
䣬ȥˡ
ţȥɡ
СջȥıӰղԾҡҡͷ۵ĳ磬ͷǰʣµĻҪһͷ֮С
ʱЩ򵥵ܹټ򵥵飬ճܹճˡ
ǣ
ס
ңϰߡ
󣬸Сϴ裬شȥ׶԰ϿҪ鱾ȻԹԵڴɺã㿪ʼÿı޿Σڴ߸顣
֮ǰҵʱ򣬸ҲûȱϯżԸĻҲú£ǰشһߡ
Ȼ󣬹˴ңôҹҸݵеʱ򣬸ղȫչż˼άȽϷɢʱҲ΢޸һ¹µڻ߽֣Լһ£ൽ˵ȻҲȫߵģֻҪϣܹ֪飬֪ͨ
䣬ûʿ𣿡СڴϣŸգ˼Ÿոչµݡ
վãһҪʿ𣿹ȥ˶ƾԼ˴ңôأշʵ
վùԿԼͰѴȫȳһϲġСջûôĸֻǲʵ
ţȻǸŮӣܼǿҲܴƾԼܶ顣ʱһ鲻һҪԼҲĺܺõģ𣿡
ţ
Ĺµͽ˯ɡյͷԼŮĶͷϣӡһǣ
䣬С˵ԺԹԵر۾˯
չϵƣصԼķ䣬Ȼȥϴˡ
ϴڴĿϣžһĽˣֻһſȫδ硣
ԼüδϢ
˾Σ𣿡
ʲôʱ
Ҫȥ𣿡
ʲô
æ𣿡
ȫԣ硣
ԥҪҪߺʱֻһߣҲһֱûȥܡ
Ϊǹ˾еһ죬вԱ֮󣬶ֱӻؼϢҪģҲһֱûпֻ
Ҫôظֻˡ
붼ûͽ˵绰ι
𡣡ĵĴӵ绰ͷ
š
ʲôʱģ
磬šࡣ
Ϊʲôӵ绰ҵϢæʲô׳һ⣬ЩС
Ժʰֻ˳־ͷˣԺҾȥˣһֱڿյķ䣬ոϴڴϣſֻļУĵĸ͡
ˣһΪʲô飬˺ö绰㶼ûӣ㷢ϢҲһֱҡһһֱĲظѰķʣ»øղϲ
Բ´βˡֻǵ˵һ䣬ֻԼ֪仰ķжء
ûϵڸտһͷ絭һЦЩֻǡһֱûЩУ𡣡
ţòպܿġ
أѾ˯𡣡
ţոպ˯
ʵ°Ժұ˵ЩԥұҪֱӹģûнӵ绰Ϊæ㣬Ծû
š
ʵúԼסҲһֵԭ
˴˷ֿһʱ䣬˴侲һʱ䣬˴㹻Ŀռ䡣
еʱ򣬷չ̫죬һôõ飬ҶͻȻĸ飬ջǸƫϸˮɡ
ҡ
ڣҲûкͺһ֮Ĺϵš޷һȥ׼ȷĸͶ塣
ˡ
మǶǹȥˡ
ˡ
ǣѾǵˡ
ѡ
طʱƺ̶Ȼûô
ͬ¡
ֲһ˾ġ
顣
Ψһܹȥ֮ϵĴʡ
ϵİǵϵʱȴøվãޱȵķֻ̣ܿЦ
𡣡վþûٶ˵ʲô绰ͷֻܹȵĺ綼ΪǲѾ˯ˡ
һ㡣ʵش
ǡҪ˯𡣡
죬˵ڵĻûģûϵһ¡
ţ¶Цݣ죬п𡣡
ʲôʱ򰡣˵°֮𣬻ǡ
ţҪһ㣬°ԺҪȥμһ磬Ҳţǰ㣬𣿡
𡭡ðȻʱһӦûʲôϵǵٺȵƣʱ˾ɣ˵ֱȥ㣿
ûϵԼȥͺһڻؾˣȴڴС̡
ʲôҪ𣿡ղ̫ģ׷һ䡣
ûǡǡ绰˵һ룬ͻȻֻһתһЦ˼ֵ⣬ǣҪ飬ԡһҪ㡣
ղף׷ȥʲô°ڲ˵𣿡
ԡǼ顭ֻܹ˵ġͻȻóϿ֮ǰұһСأ𣿡
šðղףȴǴӦˣСءô˵ءоһ˵͸ϲһ
ȻնԴˣûڴʲô
ֻǴ˵ҪһСأ˵á
˶ѡ
ֻǲҪڴ
֮ĹϵҲΪӦʲôڴ
˳Ȼñְɡ
Ͼǻֻǣ顣
лҪ˵

һ±дպһݵģ
ǻҪһɣȻеͻأ
һ¾һ°ɡ
СZС֮ʱһǰСʱȣʵΪСZ͸֮
С㿴СZ͸ջ˼֣һֱڳԴס
Ȼһ£ǼҦͮ
һԣҿǰ͸տʼôֹۡ
Ȼһһաҡ
Ȼ˵һһ£Ȼǹ½ڣ
дպ˵ʱôദôģ
ʵܼ򵥡
ǣʵǡɼ򵥵Ǻѵġ
һ˵ǣճ˺ܶˣҲ˵ĸ͹ȥ
˵Ϊ裬ͳ˺ܶࡣ
ΪסݼңȻиСֶӣС
еĸоӸоһ顣
˵СǸ˼Ǵӵȷ
Լ·ˣͺѼԼ飬㲻עһעͿܻŪԼĺҪ
Ұ̣Ҳֶӵ̣Ǵÿ۾ֱ˯£һ춼Χֶת
˵һ£ҪæԼ飬Ȼֶ˯ѣҪιţ̣ȻŪ緹ԣ棬浽Ҫ緹ȻҪֶϴ裬˯
˯磬ֶҲټϢˣҪȥȻ÷ֶι극ִֶӳȥ棬浽ϴ裬˯
һ죬ĴͷβΧźת
һչ˺ӣÿ춼Ϣꡣ
붼úҪ
ǣҿֶӣԽԽ־к飬
ȻͬкӻϾԹܣ
ǾãԼܹ󡭡Ǽ顭Ҳˡ
ΪͻȻ뵽дΣˮԱʵıʼ׼۾Ҿ۽ĵ㣬
иķΧȻǸʱ۾űʼ⣬Զƶ
;úܺ£ʱ˭ͻȻһ£ҿܾϹ
˵оеΣ
˵ôǾãÿһܹ彡ĳʵһ˵
оǣÿһѺĸĸӦñл˵ȻšҼбľЩͥ⡣
һǺܸмԼܹĻڡ
оַϻ˺öϣϣǲҪѣ
¶ûô£ѣ
»죬ҶգҪѣԭңѣ

ƪղ


120 
ȿȡ
վھǰ, ԼŴ, ɤ, ȥʱΪʵԭ, һֱװͻȻ˽ȥϰ, 㷴Щϰˡ
ܾúܽš
šе¡Ҧͮǰ
ǰʱ򡭡ûһദʱ, ǺɺķΧ, Ҧͮʱ, ԽԽ֪Ǻˡ
ʱ򣬼ҪΪȥȡֵҦͮûдڹƵġ
ڵҦͮ, ﻹһȥӰء
˵ȡ, һ㱧ԹͲöûУҦͮϵıԽԽ٣㿪ʼԽԽ²͸
˵
ʵ, ԭӣ
ԭҦͮ
ֻ˵, Ҳȡֵһ, չԼǰˣ
ǿǡ
̫ˡ
˷ǡ
̾һ, ֹȥ˾
ûǹ˾ҪϰĹ˾ҦͮڵĹ˾
ղŸոշ, ѡټڼҶһ붼޷͡
еڴҲССĻһ£Ҧ֪ͮԼʱϻ¶ȵı顣
Ƭ̹ڴʯ󺣡
ϣܹҦͮܵϲǰǣĻǾϲǾš
ȻѾԤԻǺߡ
ãǼ㡣ݸ²һԼĸϡ
ޣǼ輾Сܹİɣ²ܴӼнӹϣԵĿ˼ۣûʲô⣬СĸϢǰұˣϺࡣ
лл
8Ӳϰ࣬ͦȸȥҦܵİ칫ҿɡ²ܱ߱˵ҪǵҦܵȽæϵҪΪƽһҦϵСӦøɣ˾ҲҦܱˣҪˣԸĴСҪЭһ¡
ǡ֪һŸոտʼϾҪûЦݣԣȫ˾Сµ˶֪ҦͮҪ𣬡СҦܣ֪𣿡
ĸϢѾˡ²һ·ܹĻ
Ҫ飬һҦˣֱͿˣʲôϵ飬ҲȥҦܵ飬֮أǣһҦָܵʾҦܵİ칫ңڻûе˾ɡ²ܽ㣬Ҧͮ칫СɳϵţĹҦͮİ칫һ칫ң˵֮󣬱뿪ˡ
ɼ˼ѹͲЩϣ²ܵǾ仰ˡ
Ҳ˵Ҧ֪ͮԼ
ûоܾ
ѵӦþܾ
ԣûܾܵĻظҦͮĬͬԼΪ˼

ǣڸԼ
Ȼ
ʵȴǡ
20Сʱǰ
ιáר׼ڶĹϵҦͮӵ²ܵĵ绰
Ҧá֮ǰ˵ҪһµĿǰѾҵ˺ʵѡĸϢѾʼˣҪȷһ£Ѿյ𣿡
ޣҿһ¡Ҧͮߣ㿪Լ䣬ŷһδʼյˣлл
һûʲô⣬ͻᵽڡ
ûʲô֮ǰעҪҶѾ˵ˣ֮ǰ˵ЩͿˡ£ҺܷġҦͮʵʵ˵飬ûҪֻǰҪ󹫲ί²˰ѰٺʵѡҲȥԼĵʱ䡣
ҦˡǼȻѾȷϽյʼҾͲˡ²ܼȻѾԼĹҲͲٷϻ
õģллĩ졣
ĩ졣
ҵ绰ԺҦͮŵӫĻҳ棬һδʼŴšɴ࿴ˡ
ôţ㿪һδʼ
ˣˡʱ򷿼ȴˡ

ĩİԼڷʲôء
衣ŵҦͮĸס
ڼҲҪæҦĸר̶ŮԵˮҪúõ˵˵ְˣôܸŮôѹڼҲܹúϢüôȥôء
û衣ԼûŸպпգ͸ɴһ칤ҪõϡҦͮЦЦοԼ
ôõôҲѳȥء
ѵϢڼﰡȥ۵ġҦͮûŮܶˣǰǻ̲ס
ѽô˻ءǰҿǼſڻơǲǳˣҦĸҲŤҦͮԸСͺܱŤü˲飬ɾǰԼȥǳĸ׵ֱܹоԼŮĲ֮ͬ
аҦͮʶľҪϡ
ûĩϢʱ򣬲ȥԷһȥ֣㣬ʱҿĳͣڼſڣȴһֱûнĲֱŤ𣿡ҦĸȻҦͮһ˵ǡ
ԼҪվŵģʲôϵҦͮҪ췢飬۾ȴʼԾ⿴Ͷ켾Ǹط
ѽ֪۸㣬ƫƫǺҲǺƢʲô˳㣬ƽҲûԱҦĸĳ˵֮ͮͮʲô˳ĵ¶̯˵ôˣʲô˵ģҪˣô¶ѵҲ׼ô
áҦͮ˵ġ

ûŵ
Ķϣܹδ֣ЦŸ˵ллֵز
鶼
ôء

ڳĻҦͮȷǲش˵Ը⡱
԰
Ǹʱ򡭡ġ
ģϣ㲻ҪμĻҲμӣҲûйϵġ
ģûйϵġ
㿴㣬ƽ̫ˣŰ߳ëҦĸʧЦԼŮʮʮˣô˵ôĻòϱӳԶ˼ǺذɣȻôͶԼǺΣ磭ء
֮ҵ飬ԼͲҪˡģҪκˣǰᵽ㣬ֶҪ
ҦͮѾҪˡ
İ궩磬顣

С˹Ҧͮѽ˹أܼ˵ؼңſˣôҲҦĸǣŮ֣ģʲô𡣡
ûСܺáԼ⡣
ôС˹Ǻӽأְֶģְֿһֱ߶ţҪδŮءҦĸЦ˵
ɡʵҦͮҲ֪죬һ죬ǡ̲סģЩִ
ϲС˹Ǻ𡣡ҦĸԼŮһĲɵģ̽磭ʳڡ
ҦͮԼʵͷһûֱӻش𣬶˵˹ܺáңҲܺá
迴óǺһĶϣǸϵĺúӡ
šҦͮͷ˿Լĸ˵ĻǸܺõģ󡣡
ȻǡΪ˵Ļ
Ҧͮ϶ҦĸҲѾ˸߰˷֣ˣæɣҲٴˡ
š
ˮһǵóԵרŸеġҦĸ뿪֮ǰ
ţлл衣
ʱ䣬ͮͮԲôġҦĸŮŮϣԼŮܹҸ
ҦͮƶǶĵͷţһģ裬лл㡣
ɵӡҦĸεҡҡͷȻ뿪ˡ
ֻʣҦͮһڷŵӫĻŴӫĻʾǴʼҳ档
ҦͮѾٿ
Ҳġ
²ҵˣܷġ
ϣ:
ҦϺáͬҦְͮԱڱϹϾĵ簲
硣ҦͮҲòмӵģЦŻӦ
硣Ҧͮߣ²Ǳ˵ҵѾˡ
簡ҦͮҲЦŴкõģ⣬²ˣ˵Ҹл²ܰҵѡĴлɡ
õġͷ
ճ̱Ӻ͵ҵİ칫ҵггһϸ֮ǰҪڰ칫Ͽ
õġ
Ҧͮ˵Լİ칫Ǳߡ
ֱߵԼİ칫ſڣһ̣˶ɵˡ

Сͮҡ㾡Լõ״̬¶һЦ
ôҦͮ۵ʣֺܿʧҲΪʲô֮ܶﲻӭ㣬Һæ˵Ժ㾶߽Լİ칫ȥˡ
ֻһˡ
С㡣Ҧͮߺܶ꣬Ȼ֪˭
飬þòˡЩΣǳһЦ
ȥˮɡҲΣ
ûϵؾлл㣬ȥæԼͺˡҼͺˡ
Ǻõģ⡣ʲôҪĻԸҾͺˡͷ˵ȥæԼĹˡ
ʮӺ
˵룿Ҧͮʱ䣬ʲôһֱſɳʲô˼
׷׷˾
ԣǱһ
ԼſڵȲУھͻԼİ칫ſڵ
Ҧͮҡҡͷμˣֿ˿ʱ䣬˵µѾ𣬸ʲôôû
뵽Ҧͮߵ绰ſڵ飬飬ȥ²һ£µô£˵Ϊʲô˻ûг֣ǣ֮ڣǸµֵĻͿ
õġ
Ӻ
ˡ

Ҧܡ֧֧ġ
ôˣµأ
ſڡָָ⡣
Ҧͮ˳߿ȥֻ˼㣬
ڡſڡ
Ҧֿͮһۣûпˣ
ǡ߳ȥ
һΣһ߽
ˡ
Ҧ̧ͮͷȴǣһĲá
ҵ𡣡Լ̬ԵȻһЩ
ʲôʱˣҵ˵һ룬ҦͮƺʶʲôüżһȻԼ䣬㿪ǸȻδѶʼ
㿪ǷʼĸϢд֣Ȼдţ㡣
㡭
ԣҲ˵ˣָ𡣡ЦЦ
ҦͮϣһѶݡ
ԣǸָ̡˼
֪ˣ
ǡԤıģ
ҦͮһԼָ侲Ȼ٬˵ǣҵ
ǡԼĿġ
ܺáҦͮЦŵͷȻ󲻴һ˿¶ȵ˵㱻ˡ
üСͮ
㱻ˡҦͮظһ顣
𡣡
ʲô
𣿡Ҳظһ顣
ʲôΪʲôҪ£Ҧ̧ͮͷվԼǰļ㣬Ծر˼ֱ
״ĵǹ˰칫ҵš
¿ң㻹ϲңƲסԼĸ飬Բԡһгӡ
ƾʲôô˵Ϊ˭ҦͮЦˣȴûзϼ˵Ļῴһгģ
ԭǣϲļģ֮һ
ȻĻôſҰҲ˼֣Ķʲô뷨û˵ĻĲϲ˵ĻҪſҰ
͡
ʲô
͡Ҧͮߣ̲סƳһߣ㲻ҪˣͲϲˡ
ȻĻαؿңȻ㡭ͲϲˣôҲûϵ˵ĶҦܡ
ҦͮҧҧðС㣬ȻôʱĻǾ㡣
õģҦܡЦŴӦ
ΣֻҪܹҦͮߡ
ʲôġ
Ҳǡ
ڲҲǡ
ֻҪܹҦͮߡ
лҪ˵
ӣҴǣһЩķݡ
챻ĸȥԼǱŪװ޵ȥˡ
ϱúøµģͬѧ˵λƸϢ
Ȼ󼸸ϵõͬѧһֱⷽ飬
ʱЩڲŸ¿ޣңң
ǲңѣ
һҲһ¸£һ»µ֡
һ¶ǰһ֡
ԭңѣ
ƻϲϱ仯ѣ
˵һһ¡
˵ҦͮΪʲôмļ
ȿԸһ£СͮǸԻ
Сͮʵܲô˵Ϊ֮ǰ˵
СͮúԼԼĶƲסǿƲסϲ㣬
ô߰˵Сͮһݲģ
ȷжĳɷڣԼ˵
ƾʲôô˵
һ̣Ҫ֤㼾ƾʲôϲˡ
Ըһ£Сͮһ̵Ĳġ
һҲСͮ㡫
һµģѣ
ҪûжҾ͡
ߣqsިtrţ


121 
ǡҪʲôվҦͮİ칫ǰ, Ц
Ҧͮ, ˼һ, кܶิӵ, ǺܿѹͶ뵽֮, һļݸ, һǶ繫˾ְԱ, Ҫľǰȫ¼, ͬʱһһʵǵĸϢԼȷϵĹ, Ƿϯ֮ġ
˶, ֣ҦͮӹǷļ, õġ
Ǹˣ˵, ͲŸ, , Ƕġ
ֻǡ
ܾá
һûǰôˡ
ǰʱ򣬲۷ʲô飬ǿԲֺ˽ӵ, ɸղһ̡
Ǹ£Ժ֮ĵһͷȴǣܾ
ûСôܹ
ôˣҦͮվԼǰļ㣬ʵ
ûʲô΢΢һЦҲʲôֻ˵һԷɣ𣿡
Ҧͮͷͷڹ֮УҺæľܾ
ûϵǡ͸԰ɡҦͮľܾҲ١
ˣлл
ǡ
ԳȥˡҦͮ˿㿿Ļᡣ
ֻһ϶㡣
ȻûпʼҲͲڽ
ȻûпʼǾͲӦٿʼ
ãȥæҵһԷһȫҦͮոյľܾϣҲ֪װɵԶ˵ЩҪϢ
ҦֻͮúЦˣ
ǡ
ǡ
һ㶼
Ҧͮ㲻ġ
٣Ҧ֪ͮǣûˣ
ȻҲֻǡ֪ѣҦͮ밡Ҳһֱһ棬ֻǰչֹһˡ
뿪Ҧͮİ칫Ժ󣬱ſڵ飬飬Сͮƽ綼ôԷôЩ鷢ǰǰҦͮϵ൱ƵͽܵģֻΪƽҶҪԼҦͮԼҲԼԷпյʱһ緹
ޣС㣬ҦʱæֱԵλ߽һ֮ľ緹˵ġ
šллҡͷȻ˵Ժ󣬽ҼͿˣСͮġҲֻҦܵѣҲͬ£㲻ôн
õģС㡣ͷʱûϰ߳ƺĸı䡣
˾ܶ˶֪СҦҪ𡣡㱾죬ȴ̲סҪ֪
ԣǰ˾˾Ѿ֪ˣǶ³·Ĺ棬빫˾˶ԲμҦܵĶ硣Լ֪Ķ˵ˣ⣬Ҧ¸½飬ܵʱ򣬶³ҲѾ֪ͨˣͬʱҲΪ˶ҦܵĹȺгǰӦĵ
㳶һ൱εЦݣʮֵĽӲȴǾò˵õģ֪ˣлл㡣
ţҼæˡͷżȥˡ
Ҳ΢΢ףصԼĹλϣλþĶ棬Ҧͮİ칫ңֻҪҦ̧ͮͷܹ͸칫ҵĲĿһС
˵ǵһָо
ǵһĹ˾ȻķʽͲǸԭһˣܾáֵֹġ
ܹ֡
ǧټƵĿʱ˿̣ͷæŵ飬ȴǰбߵ
㶼֪Ҧͮǲǹġ
ûȥ̽ʵ硣
ȻǰｨģǼʵû뵽Ҧͮ͸һ
ö
ʵ㲻֪ǣҦͮûй㣬ĹҲĵȷȷҪ飬෴ءѡĻҪüЩ顣
ܱŤ
ԼиоˣԼҪõ
ûбŤˡ
ԵĻһ㶼ϣ㴥κθ顢йص顣
ǣӴ˲ٳǰ
Ͳ
һתۣ͵硣
ˡ
Ҧͮһѹ̧ͷ鰡ʲô¡
Ҧܣ緹ʱ䵽ˣҪҸЩʲô𣿻վɿȺΣѭÿĹѯҦͮ
Ҧͮһʱ䣬ŷѾˣʶ͸칫ҵĲļ㣬ˣԼȥԾͺˣлл㡣
õġ
ҦͮߣԾͶ⼾ϡ
һֱ֪µǸģǶôȻûп㹤ʱǸӡ
졭ǵһο
ϾǴûһ¹
ԭҲǸӰ
ӡеģһġ
ʲôûиı䣬ɺ񡭡ʲôıˡ
ԭǾ仰ġ
ˣûа취ټѵġ
ľɡ
٣ڵҦͮ˵ûа취ټͼ㵱ˣСҲã˵Σ磭Ҳա
ûа취ûа취
񡭡
Σǡ
ϲ㡣
ڡǿҵǰ湤ģҾѾƲסһġѡ
ͨͨͨ
ͨͨ
ͨ
ϧǡ
ͮͮ
Ҧͮع
ˡ΢΢һЦ
ţ߰ɣȥԷЦҦͮ֡
šҦͮȻȻĽԼ֣ϡ
ſڵǸǲϴμİѣ𣿡˹յҦͮĶߣС˵
Ҧ֪ͮӦλӦ
̫϶Ҳ޷񶨡
㡭С𣿡˹ԼԵþʿһЩϾкӣк
ǡӦվߵǵǰȴڲ䣬Ҧͮͳ˹ǣŵһ˫ϡ
ôҲͮͮ𣿡˹֪Ҧͮ˼ͮͮǰԼˣҪһȥ緹㲻ĻҪҪһ
ȻҦͮͳ˹ʮָ۵ϣ˺һ̧ͷҦͮ۾ðȻôҵĻʢȴôҾ͹ˡ
߰ɣһȥԷˡ
šͷ
Ҧͮȫûп˵һ仰ڼעӣҲǳӶ̬ȡ
ǹģν
µĻš߶С
˲˹òλԼŮ£ֻĬԼ
ʵ˵
ʿŮӣŮȻȻѵġ
һжôˮɡ
ɼ㿴ȴֻôۡ
࡭
ǱʲôƵġ
Ǵʲôʱʼģ
Ҧͮѡ
˭ûиߡ
㲻֪
ԷҲ֪
ǴʲôʱʼҦͮλദ罺ˣ
·𡭡
ľеһ㡣
Ȼ
Ǳ̸
Ǵʲôʱʼء
һУԼȫ֪֮·ţѿš
ȵ֪ʱһжĲ˼Լ˵ġǣԽܡ
СҪʲôͺá˹ĵİһݲ˵ݸԼŮѣȻһݲ˵ݸ㡣
лл˵
֮ͮͮǰ˵۹ϻȾҸǰ˵Ԥһݡ
šҦͮͷҪһϺɳͺˡܾûʲôθڡ
ôô٣岻𣿡˹ЩǣץסҦ֣ͮǣסĵʵҪҪȥҽԺһ£
ûϵֻûʲôθڶѣûвҦͮϵ³˹룬ֲһ䣬ġ
͸ҡ˹ԥһ£˵Ȼ绹ǲȥ˾˰ɣ㡣

ǡСͮڷŲ˵˫û뿪ǰĲ˵ȴͻȻðôһ仰
ͮͮҵŮѣͶˣʵ˹ͻȻЩ˼ڡҲ˵δˣҵȻҪú
ҦͮͻȻͷеʹ
Gͷɴͷβȴûп˹һۡ
С㣬ѡ𡣡˹ҲûһԵļ㡣
š
õش𣬳˹ϵĵͰťߵǵòͣ㿪ʼϲ͡
϶
˵СôСͮĹ˾Сͮʲôر𣿡˹Ҧͮ칫ҵʱ򣬿λϣƺҦͮλá
Сͮûи𣿡㿴Ҧͮ˵һʼ߾һֱҦͮš

ţ˹ͷҦͮ
ҵҦͮ͵֮ǰǸҪһ顣
ޡר뼾Сæ𡣡˹˵ţл鷳Сˡ֮ͮͮǰи˵æƽһ¹ϵ飬ϾǵĶˣһкܶҪæڼСΪ˽ͮͮѣ̫ˡ
ǰǡ̫ˡ
㳶˳ǣӣڴСͮĶɡ
ȻҺͮͮΪζ飬׼˺ܳʱ䡣ҶҲ֮һȻڴ˹ΣҪ飬۾ڷ⡣
˼ȥһϴּ䡣Ҧͮ˵ţվֱϴּ䡣
ͮͮ𡭡㡭˹Ҳվ
ȴһվסҪȥĳ˹ȥŮϴּ䣬㰡ȥСͮͺˡ
仰׷Ҧͮһȥϴּ䡣
յϴּ䣬ϴּţ
Ҧͮ˫ֳϴֳرߣɫǺܺõӣ˵岻
Ҧͮһû뵽ڼ⣬Ҳش
Ǹʲô°
ǰϲŮӺڵҪ飿
ֱ͸˺
ûеõӦνЦЦϴּţֱǰҦͮ˫ۣ˹𡣿ڴǵĶ顣
ǡ
ء
ʲô
أĶ硭ڴ𡣡
ʲô°ҦͮĺܲϲһĿ˵
ƾʲô
ƾʲô
ѵ
֮ʲôϵ
˵Ǳ˴֮ݣ˼Լʱ
ⲻ̫Ц
ϲʱ
ϲˡ
ȵҲϲʱ
ȴ˵ϲҡ
ˣ
ҦͮἾ㣬ߵűߣ뿪ƫƫ㿿ź󣬵ס·ֻ˵ÿ
񡭡
ʶһĻ
һΡ
Ҳ
ϴּűߣסԼԼ뿪
ɼˣʲôء
Ҫȥˡ
㻹ǲã˫ĿҦͮĲĪĸе֪ҦͮԼΪ첻ء
ʲô˼Ҧ̧ͮͷſ㣬۾ȫ˼
ûʲôոǾ仰һʱҪƻһܼ򵥵飬ƻķʽȴмȥ飬Ҧɨأ˺ҦͮⲻҪġ
ͻȻеΡ
㽫ͷƳһߣĬ˺һŻؿ˵Խ硭𡣡
Ϊʲô
ܡһλ𡣡
ǡҦͮʧЦЦĿ㣬ʲô᣿ǲҲװǲȥ
ңΪ󡣿Ըһλ𡣡ϵı٣Ҹƽ
ƽ
ǲ
Ҧͮҡҡͷ
ƽ
ûиᡣ
ǼԼҪġ
Ҫ˵
㡭иҦͮ
һΡ
һҲá
Ϸʼգ㶼ų⡣
ԶһߣֻһԹߣ˶ѡ
ĵϲ˹Ǹ˵ĻҪ˵ͻȻЩѣˣ촽顭飬Ҷף㡣
ǡҦͮ۾ȥǣס֣㲻ϲĻΪʲôһء
ôΪʲô
ԣûлᣬ𡣡
ҦͮƳһߣûа취ͼӣǡ
á
ܷ
Ȼ
ֻҪһֱܾĻ
ǻġ
˵ס
͡ϲҡ
ӦҵʲôҲǡ
ǡ
ļƻˣ충飬¸½顣ν˵ԼĲߣҲҵļƻͺˡ
ʲô
˵ͻȻվֱ壬սҦͮǰϬ϶ĲϲңĻˣҲֵġ
㡪
С̲ͮס̾һ˳ƿҦͮļͷ§סоһ취ûС
Ǹǰһ
ް취
ɸǰͬǡ
ʵԼһֱϲ֡ް취ĸо
ҦͮԽԽ̲סҪ
Ҫʲô˳
񡭡ըëСè˳ëһ

ţɾϲ˰ɡ
ҿʼԽԽãģϲˡ
ﰡҦָͮ侲ʼſҡǺûʲôЧ
ս˫֣е
ûҦͮ
һӽ˹ĻôԵȵģҲҵһӡ
˵ʲôҦͮţ˫ᴷżļʼղ̫
ҪŪ
Сͮ㲻𡣡
ʲô
һӵʱġ
㡢Цˣƾʲôһϲôð
ûϵ§ҦͮյĶߣ˵ϲôþͺ˰
㲻ϲôõĻǾͻϲ㡣
ܾúܾǰһֱϲһ
һΣͻˡ
ϲ㡣
һΣһϲܾúܾá
ϲңҪá
лҪ˵
ӣҸǡ
һе㿨
˳ˡ
ͻȻŰֺˬĸо
ҲŰСͮѣ
оŰ㲻̫ݣΪŰͬʱҲŰСͮѣ
һȻСͮ

ƪղ


122 
ˡ

Ҧ, ҪļߵҦͮİ칫, ļ
õ, ллҦͮȻͷڹ֮С
ǽ˰, ףˡ΢Ц˵
칤֮ҦͮĶͻῪʼ
ޡҦͮűʵһ, Ŵһļ̧֮ͷ˵, ллòĵл
һǶܸ, ˵Ժ, һᵽףġͬҦͮԸ
𡭡Ҧͮ΢΢һЦллҰ, Ͼ
õġͷ, ȳȥˡ
šҦͮҲͷ
ȥԺȴҲĹˡ
ˡ
ǽˡ
°໹СһСʱ
Ҳ˵дŲСʱʱ䣬ĶҪʼˡ
á
á
Ȼ, ͸ý˰ɡ
Ҧͮ͸칫ҵĴͷļ, ôĬĬ
ʵ˵, ͡
, ˵ǡ

ôһ̣ʵĶ
롭Ҳòϣڼ˵һӵʱġʱʱʧ˽ࡣ
ǣҲֻôһ̶ѡ
, ˰
˭˵
˭ϲء
˵Ļһ£ʵһ°
ҦͮѾ˻ֺʵʣ磭ĻˣǻĶҲֻǣĶѡ
Ȼͻ˰
񡭡
ӡϲˣǸ˲ʵѹһ
ûʲôࡣ
ֻҪӦ磬ҲѹԼһ
ң㲢ϲֻǡԸ⿴Ľ飬ûа顣
˶ѡ
ǣ˭˵һҪаأаҲ԰û顭
Ҧͮ͡
̸顣
˵ϲ
仰ʱûǼٵģҦͮϣԼ㡭Ǻио
ɼǨͶΥĵġϲҦͮҪ
ܺãĺܺá
ġܳԼ
԰ҦͮŸӲ룬˵ΥĵĻ
Υĵġϲ㡱ֻѹѡ
Ѿ΢ֵز
Ҫѱεġϲ㡱
ΣҦͮҪΪˡ
ĻԼῴԼġ
ǵͺá
Ѳ̸Ҳܺá
ʹ˲Ҳܺá
ڰ칫æµļ㣬ǸܵҦͮͶһ㣬һ̧ͷҦͮõ˫ۡ
ţԴҦͮ˫֮е⡣
ҦͮԴ˫Ժ󣬾ŲߣɼǶϵļҲټоͶ뵽֮ˡ
ҡ
ͮͮ˹
ˡ
߰ɡ˹Ҧ֣ͮ˼˾е㼱Ҫ΢һЩʱ䣬ˡ
ǵĶ磬ΪǣҦͮȻܰƽ°ʱ뿪ͳ˹Ҫ絽Ļ᳡׼
ûϵҲպòæѡҦͮԼַŵ˹ϡ
˹ǣס
Ҫȥ᳡׼𡣡鿴˹ҦͮǣִӰ칫߳վϹϾ˵ףܺͳ
лл㡣һǵม˹лͬʱ顣
õģһ׼ʱġ
СҲǣһǵ׼ʱรĻͮͮҲһܸ˵ġ˹Ҳûһæµļ㡣
죬һʱ֮䣬Ȼȫ֪ԼӦ˵ЩʲôֻȻĿҦͮ˺һ˵ţһ׼ʱġ
ȥ׼ˡ˹ͷȻյҦͮĶ˵߰ɡ
š
ʼգҦͮûٿһۡ
һСʱ
ˡ

ôƯԷǭZȼ˻ױ䡣
Է˰ҦͮѾױڻױϢأСȼҲ˰Ӱ
Сͮ㣬֡ҸСĶǭZȼЦף˳ŵСøҦͮ
ô˵ͺˣҦͮ˵ţЦлл
ʲôܲ𿪿𡣡
ҸСZһһԷЦ˵Լҹ˾Ʒม
ۣôô˼ﻹǼҵ⣬ô˵лҦͮ˵ţСУһšĺƯҮ
ǿ۹ãǿԼ˾ðԷεЦЦҦͮǹˡ
㣬ҴϿһҾʹȥˡҦͮ˵ŰݸԷ㡣
áԷӹҦͮϣҦͮķɫܰףҲ޳ͦÿġ
ôÿ𡣡
ǵȻÿԷεĿ佱˵
ҦͮһЦ
ˣ˵Էװᵽ
šǰʱ˾Ҳ֪ġҦͮҲûзϵıҪ
ô
ʲôôҦͮװɵĲ֪ԷҪʲô
šǣͼ㣬ദġô
ɣ԰ɣĻشҦͮô˵ֳϣܹ˵úֻʣ£Է㣬ҽ충ˡ
ôһ仰Էƺˡ
ٹ̸۹ڼ飬Է˼֪ΪʲôҪΪôžǡ
Է㡣ҦͮԷ˵ȥĻ֪Է˵ʲôҲԷ˼
ǣЩ飬˵ˣ˼ǰԷ㡭
ţ
ǲסҦͮû˵ʲô
Է״Ҳٶ˵ʲôڣز˵ʲôҦͮţ

סǭZȼվһԺܾãԷ㣬תһŷԷͼԼ˻᳡ſͷ˻һ߽᳡ģڽױôֻʣˣ
ôţǭZȼ߳ױһŷһֱվſڡ
ﲻȥǭZȼüվҪ𡣡˵ţżһ˻ױ䡣
С㣬һֱվ档ǭZȼż߽ױ䣬
վⰡ˵õһİԷǭZȼʹ˸ɫ
һʱ֮䲻֪Ӧ˵ʲôźá
ҦͮҲǡ
ԡ
Է״˵ģСZ˵Ӳ̫ȥϴּ䡣˵⻰ԷΪԼûб£رǭZȼ԰ɣ
ޡร԰ҶӲ̫Сȥϴּ䣬Сͮһټɡ˵ǭZȼԷ뿪ˡ
һʱ֮䣬ױֻʣ¼Ҧͮ
Ҧͮûп۾뿴Ҳҿ
㿴ŵͷʹҦͮĳ˵ĺܺÿ
ҦͮĬ˺һڼ㶼ΪڸʱҦͮŸӦ𡣡
šҺϲΡ
Һϲ
ڱһ
ҦͮûƵ˵Ȼˡ̧ͷϼ˫ϲ𡣡
ϲʲô֪ʡ
Ҧֵͮͷ˺һ˵죬Ҷ顣
֪شĺƽ


ԡҦͮһ̧ͷż¶ЦݣһԼ˵ףҸɡЦһģһģ㲻ϲ𡣡
㽫ͷƲһߣҲҪ

ǡΪʲôҪءҦͮԼϵһѻױƷҵں졣
ΪʲôҲأ㷴ʵ
ҲԡҲáҦͮ˵Ż֪Ѷˡ
Ҳġ˿ãĻҸҪôΪЩΪܹߣ㡣ѵ㲻𣿡
ǡҡҦͮԳҵȻװĿĺԭû˻Ҹˡ
Ϊ
һֱҶôϲǸ˵ġ
ص̳мҵ
ִȥһûʲôȤĹλ
㲻ϧְҲҪȥǸš
㡭
һУҶ
ֻ
ҵֻ㡣
㰡㣬Ǹ󱿵û˻ҸЩ˰
һУΪ˿ϲǸˡ
Ϊ˴ԷĿ֪Сȼ顣
Щȫ֪
һжҵϡ
ΪӦûǳĸжġ
ҲֻǣΪѡ
̫ˡ
ҦͮҪΪϲǸ˵Ʒ
ҲҪȥ̽ͻȻ˵ϲԭ
ǳѵͬ飬Լϲʧ˰ȫУ
ҦͮԸ롣
ֻǣۼٿҦͮ˵û˿ĸжֻнľӺν
㣬㻹û䡣
ʼաǲס
лҪ˵˼Щ
Ϊӵ֪ͨѧУԣ
ͽһֱ׼ڱˡ
һǽΪʲôСͮ޶԰ɡ
Ҳ֪ûйָо
ǣǺϲ㣬ұӦøжģЩԱҲ
ȻͬķʽԴҡ
ô˵أͻĪԼǳƷĸоһ
ԣʵϣԽַʽСͮСͮԽĮԽ
ټϣСͮѾûоȥżϲˡ
֮ǰСͮǸϣСͮѾˣѾ¶Ҫˡ
ڼ˵ϲҦͮĶûȥ˵Լš
ΪѾûгһʧˡ
ɵòҲԸʹһΡ
ž
һΪ˵ΪʲôԷСZСͮ͡
šΪᡭ
ĶСZкøеģСZͺֻһֱûзСͮĸʵǰԶĻҪ
˱ȽƫҾϲͰĶǶԱȳġ
ÿһ˶ãʵĳ˵ÿ˶ںһ
ֻжһǲһĺãͻر𰡡
ǶСZкøеģԶҦͮϲ
ֻһֱϰСͮߣСֻͮûпǹԭҦͮһҲ뿪
Ҳ֪ҦͮΪܾ˶ˣΪҦͮû֪
ԼһֱһദĺܺãûпǹʵƽΪҦͮһֱԼܾ׷ĬĬάŵġ
Ҧͮķ֣ƽͱˣףжôϲСͮһЩӡ
ž
ʲôҲӭۣһһ»ظģ֮ǰۣ
ҲٻظΪֻģûеԲQAQ
ڷƹصźֿҪϹXD
.   컹Ҫԣ
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123 
ǲװҾǲװ۾, ˼, 㲻˵ôף
㡭ҦֱֻͮԼǰ, ͸ǰľӿż㡣
Ҳô, Ҳڶ֮ʲôĿֻ֪ϲ, ҲҲġ˵˿ûų˼
Ҧͮ, еĿں, ε̾һ
Ŀж˿ں, Ҳں˵ϲģΪ, , ˵Ķġ
𡭡ҦͮȻһν̬ȡ
ȥ
ǡܿ϶˵סҦͮߵĿں죬Ĭ˺һ, ҲתƵ֮еҦͮϡ
ҦֻͮǾôż㣬ʼһԲ
Ŀں컨ˡڸҦͮŵļ, ͻȻע⵽顣
Ҧͮ̾һ, Ӽû֮ǰҵһ֧ں, ϲǸɫ
ƫƫ㽫ƿתԻױҦͮһ֧ںԼױ
ҦͮƲƲû˵ʲô
ɫܺÿ㲹ױԺ, Լžӿ˺һɫôʺ㡣
Ҧͮû˵ʲôĿں첹ױȥԼĿں졣
ʲô֣Ծɰһ֧ںԼС
㲻˵ҵĿں컨ˣҪױҦͮüֱĪ
ҿ԰㡣ͷһεĶҦͮߡ
Ҫ
ûü˵ڣ㿴ԼǰŴ
ţû
׼ҦͮĴԼĴ޷Խӵģӡȥ
Ҧֻͮǵɴ۾˶ˡ
ͼȻܣܵĳ̶Ҳֻͬ˯һŴǣԷֶѡ
ǡǡ飬ûз
⣬ûй
࡭
Ҳֻ׹նѣΪԼһʱ̫˷ܣ̫Ӣµ¡
ҦͮԾ˫ۣ˫ִ࣬˿ĴһƬհףֻܹüԼװ
ˡ
ˡ
ˡ
һһ
һ£һ¡
ʲôײһ㡣
ҦͮƲˡ
ָоһƯںˮ֮УҲУľҲûС
ȴڴ˿̣һץסҦֱۣͮһָֻҦͮĲҦͮеĲ죬ȴʹ˷Ź
㻺ر۾΢΢ſ˫ҧҦͮ´⣭һ¡
ҦͮŷӦʶıƿ˼㣬㡭ڸﰡ
㲹ױһĲ˵ӣ·ոһϵеĶľֻڡױѡ
㡪ҦͮشŪúް취ֻôӼжһ֧ں죬ȻͷƳһߣŻױԼױݡ
ǡʲôҦͮһ߿ŻױԼһԼš
ǡ
ûǰ
Ҧͮе㡭ŵ
ôˣע⵽ҦͮдӾ͵
ҦͮСѧʱ͵˱ʦץĺһƳߡ
ܾȣ

ʵ˵ͻȻ˶٣ЩſգʵҲܾȡ˵֮󣬼뵽ЩʲôƵģЩ˼ЦЦòˡ

šҡеҡӡеңûиոɡšҲǡһΡһȥçײһˣһη֡
ҾȻôϲһˡ
ҾȻ˵ġ
ϲ㡣
Ҧͮͷ򴽣۽ǵȥż㣬Щ֪Ӧ˵Щʲôˡ
Ҳ֪һ̣Լôġ
ճ˵
ˣǱˡ
һ־һȹȥˡ
ڡ
Ǹˡ
Ǽ㡣
ǡ
㰡
ڡ
Ŷ
Ǳ˵δް
㡣ҦͮվŲ˫ۣȫȻӵϵϲ
ţ߽һЩ
ոյ顭
һεġ㲻̫ȷҦͮ˵ʲôҦͮǾ仰Ŀͷһ֡˵Լô˵ĻֱȻˣ磭ͲҪ˵ȥˡ
Ҳ
ʲôҦͮƫͷȥƵģȥ㣬֪ԼոˣǼģ
˵ոշ飬һεġһ顣
ġ


һΣ
ʲô
ʲôһΰ

㡭Ҧͮü֪Լո˵ʲô֪ʲô֪֪ﰡ
ҺСͮҸո˵ʲôʲôӣҺЩ飬ұ㻹Ҫ
һܾڵ飬ƺȸղź˲ƵģͻȻƵģ㲻ϲ㣬ûϵҪ飬ûϵҪ飬㾡ȥôҲᣬ顣

ǶʮˡҳϣҶԭZȼȷйͣһЩøУǴšҶںֵһᡣ˵ЩѣкܶĻûȥȴݸ壬Ƿݽʱ˿˵Ļȫļݳ
Ҳڣҹȥ˷ѵǺüʱ䡣ΪЩʱ䣬ףԭҲûôϲZȼҾͲηηôЩˣҲΪˣҲŷϣҿԱòԼ΢΢һЦԼ̬ԵȻһЩҲںһʲôӣֻҪܹ㣬ʲôҶġ
˫֣ҦͮգԼΩһڵģΪʲôûӦĸ飬û㣬ʵϲҵʱҲѾϲˡ
㡭
ֻҪһͺáսҦͮǰ촽촽ľֻʣʮ֣һΣҾԲʧһΡһúõĻӦϲֻҪϸһͺáòã
ҡҦ֪ͮӦ˵ʲô
ֻԽԽѾܹܵĺ㡭Ѿر۾
ͮͮ


ҦͮȻƿ˼㡣
ͮͮôˣͬŰɫСһŮӣߵҦͮߡ
˼𡣡ҦͮɫЩôȻȷλСһ𳤴֪ĺù˼𣬸ոһ̵׿ʲôֿ˶١
˼𣬺Ҧͮһ𳤴Ҳһֱ֪ϲ飬ڼҦͮӦ飬һֱ΢ʣô㣬Ҳһֱôϲ˼˵ΪʲôֻÿһҦͮߣͻðۡ
Ҧͮģ˼ʶľȥ㣬ֻ۾һֱҦͮϣ˼Ȼȿȡû˰ɣС㡣
Żع򴽣и̵˼ĺ£ոֻôһ㣬ܹҦͮĻشˣֻôһ㰡Ϊʲô˼ǳֵôʱأ
㿴˼𣬵˵ͷǴкС㡣˵Ҳô˼𣬲Ҧͮǰ˼ʵòǻеġ
ոաҵĳ֣ƺʱ̫ԣ˼ż㣬üǺڵƣСһӭҵӡ
ôᣬûСЦŷ񶨵
νˣ㲻˿ңҲû취ˣ˭á˼תҦͮϣ˫ַļϣǡСͮġء
ǹҪġ
ʵϣ˽»Ǳʱ˼ƺҦͮǡͮͮԴ֪Ժ󣬾пǰáСͮƺҦͮ
ΪĳһΡƺҦͮΪСͮʱ򣬼ϵı飬ôÿ
ôﵽҪЧˡ
ϾƺҦͮΪС֮ͮǰôҦͮˣֻм㡣
Сͮظһ飬ȴЩҧгݵ˼
ָоǡ
Լﱻռһ㡣
ģǳˬ
ˣǳȥɡ˹С˵˼𽲻ʱ򣬿⿴ż۾ǿЩȲģ뿴ԼδˣҲõ˽Ӵ͵ʱˡ
šҦͮ˵ͷ˼ǣˣûȥһۡ
ΪʵǣЩ֪ӦôԼ㡭
ҵְˣͮͮŵһ£ҵְͳߵſڣ˼ֹס˽ŲԵҦͮ˵
šҦֻͮͷ˵ãڸղŵĲ֮С
СڡƺǺ롮Сͮء˼ٴ߻ػױҲš
عͷע⵽ûҦͮӰ˵һ߽ģСأĴСͮǰңΪҲ֪𡣡
ǣС㰡С㣬̫ˣҪ㣬ʱصģۡСͮǲӰ쵽Ҫ顣˼Բѣ¼㣬ҪԼġ
˭á
㲻ϧء
ҦͮʹǶӣһֱҦͮ߿ԼõѱԴ˭̲˰
ôңֹҹСͮ飬ʲôġ㲻ӣҲֻˣﲻ촰˵ء
ģҶԡСͮʲôģ˼ʼ
㵹Сͮоģü
ǣС㣬ǸȤءȫûп佱˼˼һЦֻӣĶͮͮ˼Ļֲ㡣˵ˡ˼ߵǰԼ°ͣϲͮͮĻͣûУᡣ
˼Դ֮䣬൱š
Կ𡣡ҧҧûһ˿¶ȣ˿ֻ̣ĮСͮģֻҵģҲֻҵġ
ҴӲ顣˼ͷڻױϣԼղŹµְת뿪
ױ뿪֮ǰ˼𱳶ż˵˾䣬Ҫͮͮ
ҦͮòײžҪ֣˼ϣٳٵûлӦĸ֮С
޸һˣܺùһֱϲһֻ˵ˡ
ûü˵ʲô˼뿪ˡ
ְҵˣҦͮһԣ߳˼ƺɫ̫á
š˼һҦͮεҡҡͷȥϴּ䡣
Ҧͮǵøո˼˵˹ҵ˽Ӵ͵ʱţ
˼εƲƲ죬ױˡ˼ô˵ţ뵽Լոʼ߽ױ￴һĻˣںҲǡ

㰡ôôСģҽȥʱ򣬻ױŶû˿˿ô졣ûױǸСϢң߳ϢҵţǽӴ͵Ĵ
㿴˰ҦͮЩ㡣
±ҿˡ˼ҲҦֻͮʵ˵ʲô
˵ܱǸŷϲ飬ϣܹһᡣ
˼һԼĲֶ˼֣ǿҦͮͷҵģʲôû˵ֻǸͮͮȱˣô˵Ҳ㶩ӣϢȫμͳ˹ıͣҪľȥױȻȥ
š
ȥױɣĿں졭ȫˡҲ֪϶Ǳ˸ԵģӡҲ̫ˡ
ҡ
Ҧͮ촽ֹ죬ˡ
Ҫ˵ûף˼š
Ҧ̲ͮסշ졣
ĬĬ߽ϴּ䡣
һ˶žӣ߷Լ˫ϣԺ֮Ǹղżͷʱרעģ
ûмӡ
ߣȫǼ˵Щ

Ωһڵǣû㣬ʵϲҵʱҲѾϲˡ

һΣһúõĻӦϲ



ֻҪһͺá


лҪ˵
Ҹǣѣ
ҪǸ
׼ȷ˵ǰ졭λ߸
ұӦµģһԿԡûи³ɹ
ڽŸ¡ҶԲ㡡ԭҡȣңң
Ϊ˲֮һһ˫ѣ
Ȼ˵һһ¡
СͮıŪˡ
ǸĵĿʼ
ô˵ɣСͮʱ˵ĺܶ໰ʵǿʽʽģ
Сͮ㹻Ļ˵ܾĻֻҪ񶨣ûа취һ
ڼҲˣֻһζĵȵСͮᣬ
ҪԼȥѰᡣ
Ҳ˵ˣܸСܾͮĻᣬֻŻлᡣ
Сͮһ㶯ҡˡ
Ϊ㲻û׹̶֮ܳȴûдﵽǵĳ̶ȡ
Աǵһ̣СͮǾȵģҲǡƲסϲõġ
ǿƲסһ֡
ȿһ£Լϲ˺ܾõˣͻȻ˵ҲϲԼ
ᾪȣһ˲俪ģȻܾͻỳɣļٵİ
ǰϲңΪʲôͻȻ˵ϲأ
ϲֱͲһ
Ϊϲ˺ܾõǣһһĶƲסٵġ
ΪǸǣô˵ءǺͻȻСͮȫû׼ͷ
ͻȻʵʱе𾪣ȻȻϲá
Ӧ
Ҿ
Сͮڣģرҡ
˼ĳִ˺Ǹеϧأѣ
һ˼һء
һǸպ磡
ʱҪǰ˵һ£
һʱϦ
ʵʱе룬Ϊʼûúá
еʱʵʱϵģ
Ƿûϡ
ֻܹԭ趨ʱˡ
ϣȲҪѣ
Ժʱ߸ʵʱغϵģѣ
͵
ƪղ


124 
С㰡, ˵Сͮͼһź𡭡ǭZȼԷ, ϯĴô˳ӿ, ոյĳ, ټϽҦͮĶ磬ô붼ֹ̫۰ɣ
͵ÿԼˡ, ʵĵ绰һΪġԷĿһǭZȼ˵, Ӧſ, Ҳ֪, ԭͮͮ㶯һ˼ʹϵ, Ϊͮͮ
, Сͮÿ쳯Ϧദ˵ԺǭZȼʶʲôԾƵģ԰С֪ͮǼĻ, һʼͲ¼Ŷ԰ɡ
Ҳ֪û˵ͮͮΪʵϲûô, ҲŸӾ֡Էҡҡͷ, , ҲȥˣȵһǶӻױ֪ˡҡҸոע⵽
ҡע⵽ʲô
˼ҲȥˡԷԽһ£˼ͮͮСһ𳤴İֹˡ㡭ǳ̡
ΪйʲôǰʶǭZȼԷܶĴĴй, װġ
⵹ǡҸ㶼ΪͮͮĹϵԼ˼棬ϵ˵ܺãҲܲˣżҲкѼ֣ɾͲˣһ֡š⽣Ӱĸо
ءôǭZȼȻҡ⽣ӰʲôġѵǸ˼ŮӣҲϲСͮ㣿
ͷԷճȭͷǭZȼСԴǰôûôϲ԰Ҫ˵˼һϲͮͮϲһΪͮͮ
渴ӡǭZȼ̾һⶫ湻ġ
ͱ˵ǵˡͮͮ顭Ҳ֪Ӧôȥˡ˳Ȼˣ졭ϾͮͮĶ磬ʺЩˡԷǭZȼС⡣
װֻǣСĻϣСͮһ𡣡ǭZȼԼסԷƣǣס֣ڴҶææŽʣûʲôע⵽ǣһǣԷ֡
ҰԷ㳤̾һԶڶӽӴ͵ĳ˹ֻǻ˵ôͮͮľĻΪѵݣһǻףġϾ˹Ķܺãҿó˹ϲͮͮġ
ǭZȼ˳ԷȥšҲǣ˹ôһǱõģͦҦͮģ˵Ҳǰ㰡ֻܹร
ǭZȼͻȻһ
ţôͻȻгԷջȥǭZȼ
ҿˡǭZȼָָ˹ڵǸ
Է˳ǭZȼָŵķ򿴹ȥֻһֵݹһ߸˹̸סղҮôû
ΪոСͮ㻹Ǹ˹ɣҲ˫ĸʲôġǭZȼ͵ҲΪǵĹ˾ϵɡһҲҪô
ޣԷͷ
šȥкˡǭZȼԷ㣬˳ִһԵһƣȵݸԷ㣬ȻƣһԼУһݸҲڷ߹ĺ硣
㣬þòˡǭZȼ˾ٱ
кþòǹ˾ĺûнأ󻹶ʱءЦŽӹǭZȼݹǱƣҲ˾ٱ
С㡣Է㿴ź΢΢ף㲻ױȵͷ֮ҪϤ֡
λС㣬ĺþòˡ΢΢һЦƱԷ
˵ĸأôûпǣ绷һܣҲûƳͷӰҲþûмˣȥǴкء
ޣһŵҸȼȼġԷ㿪ڽ͵
ǿһҪһܹǶˡ
˵Сһ𣿡⻰Է㿪ĿڣǭZȼղ
ԡ
ôûдһأСԸŮӣӦкܶ׷Ŷ԰̽Է᲻شվǸأ
šС˵Цˡ򴽣ûشԷ⣬ֻһЦ
ûеõشҲԷ֮УҲû⣬Ҳȥ׷ʣһЦ֮
СͮҮǭZȼۼ⣬ע⵽ҦͮһͬŰɫŮִӻױ˳
ԷͺͬʱǱ߿ȥ
ڽӴ͵ĳ˹ע⵽Ҧͮĳ֣˹ȥ˼нӹҦͮ֡
ԼĸһĽǶȣʾҦͮסҦͮΣ⣬Ըһģס֡
˾վȺ֮УΧ˶ΪǶĿ
ԶԶĿűߣһĻĸӡ
ԷҲ˳ų˹Ҧͮˣվڽļ㣬ǭZȼС˵Ǳߣҹȥ
มҲһȥȻ֪ϲʵҦͮǭZȼܾӦĻţǲԸԷͼڵʱҪԷߡ
áԷͷֶһԵĺ˵˼С㣬ʧˡ
õġͷ
Ȼߵ˹Ҧͮǰ΢΢һЦףصҦС㣬ףǶֿ
ллҦͮ΢΢ͷʾл
·ղŻױһжƵġ
ˣٴʱ˿̣ʼնǳ˹δޡ
лл㡣˹Ц֡
Ҳ֣ͳ˹֡
˹ģϦѡΪİɣ٩
˹̫˼ЦЦԼգԵЩ󣬡ȷһ֮ǰѡĽ죬ֻϣܹͮͮϲҵ⡣ת׿ԵҦͮ˵
гôĵδҦСһܿİɡ
šҦͮ¶ЦݣϵҲϣҺܸмĺԼΪһС
˼վһԣҦͮղŻشĻ
м
ѵ
ֻимô
üҲûеơ
λô䣬ԺһҸġף
ллСףǻġ˹ЦŸл˵Ҳϣ죬ԺúȺá
һһͷ
λǵع󣬺һ飬һϢҲðףøˡ
˿ʱ䣬һת۶ѾˣҲ඼ʼˣһôк˴кҲ׼ˡ
˵
翴Լָֻ룬Ŵ˼άԿʼſգͻȻղԷĻ
ôûдһء

뵽ҧҧԼ´ȷǲӦáʸյء
֪ղڽ충֮еģҲûж룬ûпǹҪһ顣


ʱӦʿġ
һմӦ˺һأ
Ϧ
ʵŽᣬ͸ȷϵġǲ֪ôġ
ʵ˵е㺦±ܾ
ʵҲǺ°ɣֻǡҪվܾЩĻһ᲻˰
ȻҲûŻᱻܾ׼ˡ
нĻҲ֪յûС
ѽ
뵽粻еЩգոӦóǭZȼڵʱʿǭZȼġ
ǭZȼչϵôã϶᲻֪յķӦ뷨İ
̧ͷȺ֮ȥѰǭZȼӰȴûпܾôʧһܺõĻء
˿̣ȴȫȻ֪Щ뷨ֻԼڼźμ궩Ժȥ
ˡ

С߰ϺҪ
ร̣գôԣľͿˡջ鷿æŹ
ƽֻҪϢʱ밢ڼչգܹ°ȥСգżҪӰʲô⣬ͻ밢ȥջؼңչֱԼؼ
ôһֱġ
õġλǸǰؼչյģ˳ɨһ¼ʲôģڸռ﹤Ҳкüʱˡ
հϲԵϺôѽҪĻǱأӶ˰ҲϲС⺢ӣչҲкóһʱˣѾԼŮһ
̣ҪԱģóԵģС֪Ϻԣ˵òˡ
úúã̸ԹдҵдˣҲ÷ˣܳˡ
ţ
ջ鷿ͷżҲһҪĿ޸ĵļ̧ͷһʱ䡣
Ȼ˵̫⣬ȴʶעʱ䣬롭ŻҪ೤ʱ䣬Ż
ξǣе棬ôˣҪֹԭ
ЩԼĲ
ܾá
ʲôᷢƵġ
뵽򴽣ЦԼʵʵ뷨ܹʲôء
Ҳֻרյأ
һ¡
ϣ˾˭͸أ
ҲûƬҲûС
ѵǺ
ǡͻȻãԼ̫࣬ôܻǺأû׼Ǳ˻ʹ˻ء
ҡҡͷͶ뵽֮С
ȵæ˹ջӶ˰һӶ˰ֻ̣ʣ˵ʱѾǰ˵ˡ
տ˿ʱ䣬ԥҪҪ磬е㵣ģ´ȥԺ󣬺żϹ
ʱ
ĵ绰ˡ
壬壬塣
ι

ôˣ
С㡭üһԵСԼ˵绰ݣվס˸գҲ§סԼŮʲô
ãϹ˵⻰Ժ󣬸ʶһ⣬ûԽϲûӶ˰ޣôˣҲİСһڼšҲСһڼҡ
һңðɡڼ㡣
ҵ绰Ժ󣬸ȥһ·˳ҲҳһףԼŮϣһ߸СյͷϿӣһ˵գСе飬ҪȥæҲ̫һ˴ڼͺһȥһǣ𣿡
ţСĵͷһܹС𣿡
԰ȻѵĻ
仰˻ȥ
ʮӺ
塣ѶϢ
տһۡ
¥¡
ظã
СաһʱˣЦ崺ƵģҲᣬþòˡ
յͷţþòˡ
壡Сòĺ
СҲþòЦŶСգСճԽԽɰء
߰ɣſڿءɲٺȥˡһֱСգһʿš
šüȻ˳
ΪˣҲСһ˳
ԶĺĿС
Ӻ󣬺յһѶϢ
˼е㼱Ҫμ磬ֱӻؼҰɡ·עⰲȫ
ڳշѶϢãֻһ
ֱֻĵƹ⽥
ڣһƬڡ
лҪ˵

Ϊһֱдϣβ̫ͻأԹ㡭
һ˼أ
ʵ˼Ͷ˵ģֻһƪոճֶѣ
Ϊ˵СͮʵϱӦǡ֮еҡƪģã
˼ҲƪģƪֵıȽڣ
һûҪҪ˼Ҳãе˵
һ³ֵļһ»
оǡŮѡȦ
ƪĶΪ֮ǰнϣܹдּƪĵ˶й
ֹͨϵܹϵָо
һССԸ
һûʲô˵ģΪҪ½
ҲԲһ£˭
ϢӴޣߣޣ
ƪղ


125 
һڳ, á
õ, ˾ѹֵҪܲˡ
󡢴С㡭˾ΨΨŵŵĿ, ڡȥġ
ԾάŸղŵ, һһֱѾֻ, һԡ
ڵȴЩʲôڴʲô, ǡ
ʧ䡣
Ǹˡ
˭
ΪʲôջСôܵӣ
һѱסСա
, ĸŮվһ, ֱǡһһ
Ǹˡ
ǸյǰСյ
ƫƫ֣ǹ
Ϧ
ѡ˽, ǴҪ
С
յһѶϢ
˼, е㼱Ҫμ磬ֱӻؼҰɡ·עⰲȫ
¡
Ҫ
Ϊʲôƫƫǽ졭
Ϊʲôƫƫڡ
ʱ, ʲôҪģ
һһȥ
ʲô
ԡ
ǣʧ
С㣿
̾һ, ̧͸, һۡղŸպǸվĵط, ˵ȥɡͳͳ޿κΡ
ǡ
˾·ӣź罥Զ˸յļҡ
շȥһѶϢҲûлظ
ǣ粻֪, һֱڵĻš
ôŪڳӵĺκ͵ǣʲôʱʼȵģһ𣿡
ӽϿʼԼ˵ġشЩԥЩ֪ǲӦ˵һ㣬ԼˡʧԼˣȻһ˿ʼˣҡ
˶٣ȥֱŸյ۾ûֱ˵˵ЩҽҲмƻġ׼һʱ˵ȥȡ绰״Ǻܺãе㵣ľ͹ȥˣͿһ˺˸ȰҲ
򴽣ʲôʱеģС֮ǰ˵Żģ
ʱһͨ棬ĵˣУԼҲԼڣеģǽһ͹ˡ͵
Ժεҡҡͷ
ȻСմӼнӹԼĻգһ˾ֱӸ˵֪𣿡
ţСչԹԵػشš
ֻһֱŸӣԾЦˣҲ˵ţС˵ĻҲԸ˵Ա㡣
š
ż˵Ļûж˵ʲôǰעһֱû˿Ӧֻϡ
һѶϢʼڹ˿ʮˣûյĻš
Ҫǡ
㿪棬챻͹ȥϢʾǡԷѶ˵翴ϢôҲӦûһϢ
뵽ձʶü
еҪ绰ȥֵġŵ磬ûн磬˵ǻӦʲôġ
СգôˣһֱעŸյһһüͷʼҲԾظž
ţ
ôüˣԾؽָ˸յü䡣
ղ̫ȻĶ㿪ˣֻ˵ûʲôֻǣе㵣С״ͷ϶ܲˡ
ԭڵοЦЦģҳ֮ǰѾ˿ˣƵģ͵ĵġ
˵ţεҡҡͷ
ʮӺ
С㡭С㣿ոϵʱ򣬾Ϳĸһ̲Ƶſϣõǣֻ˯ˣûзƷ衣
Ȼ鷳ɾʹˡ
СŮˡԺ۾չˣûѹͿʼЦ˵ôáˣȡһ


͸һԴĺߡ
ȡ
С㣬ˣҷȥϢɡ̾һԼϣȻת׶Լ˵齵ľƵ
ڸ
ǹȥɡն˶٣˵ҷչ˺գһȥ˾Ƶٰ꣬Сĸڿһ䷿ɣϢһչСġ
׼⣬ȻľˣϾŮܲףýôУĵҹһͬƵƬſ϶дж
áͷ˵ǷͷȥһϳƵȥСһߡ
š
˵ţһַסһ§סһ˱Ӳ˳
һ·ϣȻˣһֱܰҲ֡
״̬øһ㵣ģܾáѹ̫ˣŪóպܳƣоǺ˯ˣɸղĿȥָоܺѣֻǱ۾Ϣ
ۿſ쵽Ƶſˣ³ȴӵĵ绰ι
СգСȲҪ³Ͽͷ㵽ʲôطȥ绰һͷԵЩ١
áղҵ飬˾ͷߵˡ
Ȼһֱ˾ųĴûйĿĵй䣬˴ӣִ绰
ղôˣջ𣿡ĵĻԼŮ
û£һֱúõĴҵߡף۰ľˣȽǵ飬ղҸյƵſڣͿһȺΧ˹û³ڼȻɢˣв˶ھƵſڡ
ӺŽҲ𣿡
ǲˣƵﻹмڻƣҹƺǱҲòȥҪסĵطˡ˵һͷʹȻڣеϢѾֶߣ齵ľƵ궼ѾعˣرľƵҲ
ʲôȥĵط𣿡̽ʵ
һȥƵ꿴ģ˾Ҫͣתһһֱűǵġ
򴽣Ҳû˼ܾãɴ˵ɴȥҼҰɣҲҽչ
绰һͷļô˵˼һ˵ãȻȥ˦˼Ժ󣬾ͻһġ
ãǵñա
ţһģ㲻Ҫġ
ҵ绰Ժ󣬸ձ˾Լҵסֱַӻؼҡ
ڻȥ·һжͣҲûзм߸ǣ˼¥£λһ·¥λڵԪſš
С㣬ôడֲսԼķڴߣĳ˵ˣ֪û˯ţװˡ
ǣûһ㻺۾Ц˵С˽ҡ
㰡ȾҪôʡ£ҪôƷ֣һ·һϵò˵ӣ֮ǰǸ˵Ȧӻ죬Ҫȫˣ͵ǧ
û뵽㻹ǵ˵Ļ۾εЦЦ˵ȷҵˮɣҿҪˡ
Ϣȥ㵹ˮ˵ţȥ
ʱһʷˮһë
лǿˣͷʹӹյǱˮ͵عȥˣţƷͬʱë˲Լ
˵˵𡣺ٿôǱӡ졭ʲô𡣡ü֪⸱ģˣԡ򵥡
һˮڴߵСϣĻȴûȥյ۾ֻǵͷעűԼеëʲô
ţ
ǡνЦЦ·˵Ÿȫ޹صƵģұ˦˶ѡ

ţʧˡڻ̧ͷϸյ۾ƽ˵
šǡһʱҲ˵ʲôοĻʵֱССľȵΪ֮ǰû˵нĶ󡭡
˺ˣˣҲñԼʲôοĻοң֪ҲҪЩġڰ֣ô˸ճ˲٣ʱ黹ǻдϣһ֪ˣģû£ҰֻҪúõ˯һͷʹҪ˵ţԼĶͷͷʹ
ȥϴ衣ϴͺú˯һɣҵĴø㡣
ϣˣϣˡͷֱԡңֲǵһռˣᳵ·ˡ
ˣˣˡ
ȥš
䣡С˸
ЦһѱסԼŮҲС߽Ǹ˵л˵лл㡣
Сգ㻹ʲôҲñ˺յġ˵ĺ棬һ˿Цݣˣһ˳·ҲһЩҹǶ˿һԡ
л
Ĵָס˸ҪлĻ˵ллˡ
šյͷ漴Ʋ˵ҪסҼҴšֻ㵱˯ˡ
νƢЦЦʵҲ˯ڸһطסµģȻԸޣôֶΪأ
ιιιǿһʧ˵ĸܺ𡣡һתۣѾ·ԡ˳
˵ʲô˼˵漴̺㻹˼˵أ㿴ֳʲôˣһСģͷȫţ
úúãǣҵĴԲ´βˡͶ䣬ȻͰѼ˵Ļ߷ˣղ˵ҹҶˡ
ÿζ˵Ĵ´βˣÿλǸҺ֣ڶͷͷȫռˡȻһ߱ԹԾҹڷŵǰǶĸˣˣ԰ÿҲֻ˵˵
СջС˫֡
Сһɱ˵Ļ˵С㡫ƺҪģԼò绨㲻ҪСô
ǼСտ԰ϲˡ˵Сһڣ˳ιһڵҹ
պͼ˾εҡҡͷ
ȵҹѾС˯ˣձǸ˵˼Ҫ鷳ա
ôָҵлˣε˵ÿθ棬˵ģǵлĻ
죬ҪЩʲôʲôû˵Ϊ˵ĵȷʵ
֪ġʹԥ˺ܾƵ˵ֻҪԸĻʱչ˺һӵ׼

̧עŸյ˫ۣòˣϸ˵Ļ֪Ҫ˵һŮˣһŮ֪ҸͲΪСյĸףֻҪԸᡣģһʧ
ղһԣסܹĻشֻгĬˣϢţ߽鷿
ڿĬĬעŸղŷһС
롣
ʧֶһ
Ȼ
ˣѾʧΡ
лҪ˵

һҹܳ
ûн
֮ӦҲǸպ硫
һϷ٣ΪҪ̵һЩ
оûɶýأΪĶд
ϡ

ƪղ
ึ⡾ʧˡָء


126 
ˡ, һɥļ˵, Ҳ˯, Ǿ鷳쵱װûпղŷһеģ
ʵ, Ӷõ
Ϊ, Ҳܹο
պͼѣ硭͸ǡ
, Ӻµ, Ǳ˴̫ûϵ, Ȼ֪¶ֲ˺, Ͼ粻ǵˡ
, ΪĿһ
ˡվ⣬鷿ţҿԽ𡣡
յ, 鷿ţĵĴ洫˳
ʵɨһ鷿İ, ô, ûб, ǸյʱǸ֣˯鷿Ҳûйϵαءÿζøء
ռ鷿һɳƽʱǵɳϢ, ֻż˯鷿ʱ򣬲Żɳ̳һŴ
ûϵ˯ﶼһֻЦЦͬʱҲ顣

ǲø˰
һܣ漴ⲽԣû£ֻǿһߣŸյ۾
ֻ˼룬ƿ˫ۣܹ̽Ѱ˫֮пЩʲôԡѡ˲ԡ
һӦҲѾȻЦЦȴûаѻȥ
λأУұһ˻ͺõġϾǺһ۾ۣԸʲôġֻΪʱиͨ棬ǰˣҲΪʱԵʣҲһˡ͵˼æʱ䣬һ˻ƫƫʱҪæҲȻһ˹
šյͷҪ˵ʲô
ûġ˫ֽǰһֱûС
ֻǻûжѡ̧ͷߣһ仰

С㡭ֻ̽ǴҪ֪ĿѣϣҴӦáӦøһ𡣡
𣿡ͻȻЦˣǣҪҵĿĻΪԹ˵ûʲôӦӦðɡҾáðҪҪһԼ顣

ԭ˫ֽǰƣɴ࣬Ϊѧ˵ĻͻȻվֱ壬ӸյǰߵǰҴš뿴һ𡣡
ҲûҪܸʶ˼ҲӲܻҪʼҾûͷȻҺףǳʺ㣬㡭ǾӦġͻȻת㣬˵
ȷճϣ˵ĺܶԡ
ԼãĺʺҲȷǳΪСո׵Ĳѡ
ܺãĺܺá
ǣղ
˵ˡͻȻ𴦣ЩƮϾѧŮѡˡѧ㣬һӡ롭˽˵Ҵšϣܹѧһġ
Һ硭û˵ȥ
Ҳвֹһεġ߹Ҫʲô뷨ΪһϣǸӣԡõİ취ϧǣ飬ǿƲ˵ġƲˡ˶٣עŸյһ˫۾ֶ˼ָӣһ
ֻϣ鷳šԴǸ˵
ᡣҺܶ࣬ҺܸлյͷҲܱǸ˵ѧ㲻ӦþǸΣܺãֻҺܱǸûа취Ӧĸ顣ñǸˣҲŶԡ
УǶܶ࣬ҲǸʱʶ˼
Ҳܶ࣬ԴˣĴмҲΪʲôܹһֱܾȴʼ޷˵ܾĻԭֻϣܹԼ˺͡
õǣǸзִòˣûдӦһֱվѵϣѵݺ;ȥӲѹ͸š
һ㣬ĺܸмҲмǸ⡣
𡣡ĬãŸճģͻȻð仰
޷ϣһ仰˵
Ѿ֪˴𰸡
ʵϡ
ʵշϣҲ֪𰸡
ôʣֻҪȷһ¶ѡ
תϵڶŴߵλãóһᣬڸյǰл˻Σλöûбͷ˿ķ棬ôˣƤһĥĺۼûУûҹ˵պܱⱾˡ
ڸռһУϤڡЩҪĻ䣬Ҳһ
Ҳ֪ʲô
ܾúܾǰд򿪿
ǡ̲סЦС㡭֪ˣʲôءպһ֡Լĸо
ûϢ𡣡ԭλһΣߵյԣŸڴߣȻŲ¡ҪҪɴ࣬ȥʶһء˵㻹лء
ҡûá
ʶһ¡
лᡣ
ǰԵ
ǰһ
ģ
ĺĶǡĶѹ˰
һجΣô찡
ڣһˣҲչ˵ĺܺðҡȻǵǰˣҲǰ˰ǰҪ죬أҲ˺ܶ࣬ҡѧĸҲĸյļ򣬿οѵһӶ𣿡
һҲûʲôðҸˣҲһֱ߹ôյͷŻɫë޵̺ô˵š
ǡܹܣͱһ𡣡νʼ磬Ȼѧ֮ǰиδ֪ǰЩӾѾԼˡѧǵޣĻᣬѾô
ҡῼǿġ
ðǾôľˡˣѵûأһˣҳȥԷɣ˳֣гʱûݼٹˡһᵽݼ٣ð⡣
ǡ컹Ҫϰ
ҵĹѵøһ䣬⼸ȽУôòˣ㲻Ӧúúõ𣿣ͣҵĺѧãȥԸǣһ˵˶лˣ֮ǰһ˯ӡ
˵ѧ㡭̲ס㲻ʧʱ㲻ӦܵΪʲô㻹ܹôõľʧˣôľƣոջôҹŮ˵ʲôİ
ΪʧˣԲҪְȥôԵʧ֣һУ㲻˵Ҿ͵Ӧ˹ھͻطú˯Ҳ˯ɣһҽ㡣
õģձ졣
յ¶Ҳģѧͺˣר˯㾫찲ҹְɡ˵꣬վܾĻᣬˡ
¶˾顣
ÿռңҪôһ
뿪ıӰεҡҡͷţûˣˡ
εҡҡͷЦЦ
ת̲סȥһۣǸλá
ûǹ
ûз¹
ȻŲ£ǲǡӦ˵Ǹء˵ˡڡ
ƺҲû˼ӡ
ô
Ҳܹϣء
룬ڻǡ˯ˡ
ϣҲֻϣѡ
飬̫ѡһʱ֮䣬¶İɡ
ڶ졣
۾ʱյ˫ۣ컨壬ֱһӹȥ֮ѹ
˳ߵֻһʱ䣬ϣ㣬൱׼ʱ
ʵճʱйذɣȻѾˣɵ׻ǰʱ˹ÿߵ㣬߸磬Ѿγˡ
˵
մֻͨѶ棬Լ緢ȥϢʾġԷѶǵΪֹȴʼûлظһϢ
ѵ
ΪԼ
ҡҡԴҲ׽͸˼ҪҪڴ绰ȥº绹˯绰ᳳ
ô
š˰ɡ뷨գַȥһѶϢšǳֱ׵ġ
㡭𣿡
ŤŤòֱ׵ʷӽʡʱ䡣
Ȼ
ͬΪŮӵĸգҲǲףѯʡȻõûСʵԾֻǡǿֱӴӶԷĻشƲġ
ǲֻҪشͻ֪ˡ
֪һ㡣

ȻѾϢֻõȴӦˡ
ֻҪϢʾԷѶٲظĻվԼҲܹ֪ˡ
ϣû
ĻҲֻкúõǸˡ
ں
ͻȻоеİ
öꡭûкˡ
뵽վȻĪ֡Сϣǡֺĸо
񡭡

ղԾЦЦоԼǡ̫ˡ
˵ʱ䣬ҲӦø²ľ绰ˣһ˽ԭ򣬸ղǭZȼ˵Ҳ̫ãҡһļ٣ҪǭZȼһֻ۱һֻۣҲ̫һЩ
²绰ֵͷ˿ʱ䣬šȻѾˣ磭ɴԼȥѧˣ鷳߳鷿
簡
ͿѾͣСһڲϳ緹
ม硣˯Ļ̫ռˣҲЩ̲ס۾˸Ƿô˯һţ㡣
С˵ҽѧҪһ֣Ҿ͡˵ˣͣҲСķݣҪһô
ðɡյͷϴ˳㻻·ԺصԼ˵ҪҪϢҲˣȥѧͺˡ
ûϵ㲻ҪСҾͰѧңҺնѾ׼ĲˣԳˡҪץסᣬ緹ͺˣ˻˯Сʱ䱻ŵúѵм죬˯ġ
ǡðɡղ̫ǿƵľܾ㲻ͼһҲѣΡ
ǡȥѧˡһЦС˵Сգѧ˵ټ
ټҪมС˵ţʾնԼ֮һڡ
šҲǣҪǵมҲѧԼŮһһڣ·СģѧУҪʦĻ֪𡣡
ţ
СյߵſڣСս֮۷ߵյߡ
һɻĿ
ֻ󣬱ŷƵģóһݵյǰ͸ġ
Ϊʲô
Ϧһ˵˽ڿ֡
졭Ϧʶԭ˽ڣѹ˸һûĻ
ȵȡ
ǡ
ô£
졭͵𣿡սһʵ
죿㶣Ž˵̫æʱҲˣ͹ˣҽųȥġ
ǡ㰡һֱһûĻ˭͵ģڿǼ
Ȼһ졭ԵղŸղ͸¶Ϣ˽ڿ֡ϣ¡
üŴĬ˺һȴʼûнһ
ʱ򣬳ĬõĻش
ֱӾܾ·˼ӣĬŲܣǱľܾ
ˡ
ֻε˵һҷһߡúó緹ɡ
šյͷʼգûһ¡
ȥСѧˡ˵ţֻصűߣһΣߵˡ
ֱֻʣ¸һ˵ʱ
Ϧһ
ԭϦ
ǡ
֮ǰûпգΪҪһ˽𡭡ѹ֡ôҲ˵ҪϹӲϸԼΪʲôҪ
ô
˵Ļ
һûĻ
Ҳ͵ģ
лҪ˵

һ¾øףڣУСZᵽĸյĻ˭͵ġ

ᡭҲ˵ˣһ֡
⼸ûµĲѣ
ܻ£Ҳܷ¡

ƪղ


127 
С㡣˾ϹϾվڼſھϹš
, ȥ˾ɡƽ, ɾȴ̫, ɫе㷢, ʵȦأ컹ػױ, ΪһںȦϣԼɫܹһЩ
ϳԺ, ͿʼĿ
С, ûϢ𡣡˾͸Ӿ, Ϣĺ磬СĿʵ
á羡鲻̫, Ҳţ磭ӣش
̫ˡҪע塣˾˺ؼҺܶ, Ҳǿź糤ˣȻⲻ˶Ժ༸ֹġ
ţõġлл۾, һЦݣ˵, Ժһעչ˺Լġ
, һƬĬ
ֻǿα, ͷ⡣
۾ǰֵġҲһĻѡ
ϣҹշת࣬޷ߡԺ֮вϵĸǸ档
˼, е㼱Ҫμ磬ֱӻؼҰɡ·עⰲȫ
ǸӸպСϳˣ˭
ʲôأǸ
ôҪ
Ҫ֮˴ԼҪ飬Ҳܹһߣ
һĽͶϸ
֮ǰһֱӦҪΪԾǣΪСղܹܡ
ڿ
ǰɡ
С㣬˾ˡ˾˳ڵĳĬҲж˺˼
ɿսȭͷ˫֣Ĵ࣬š
磬𡣡
仰ԥ˼룬ڡմŲ˰ɣ
õġ
úùİ߽˾
һ磬ͬڸһ·ЦӭʺõԱǴţźš
ֱ칫ҵϣóֻԥŵĽ棬ȴٳûе㿪յǸ
ֻǾؿŸյĻɫͷ񷢴
¶Ƶģһᣬ㿪յ棬ʾǸս緢һϢ
㡭𣿡
ڿ仰һ˲䣬仰ѾǳˡѶ
ɿڡʾáĻĵ᲻ûмټ֣˼
ʲô
շϢûлظˣڵͰôˣջ֪ʣɵ𣿣
ԽԽĺ磭ֱӣصͨѶ棬ֻһߣʼͶ뵽һĹ֮С
ֱ磬쵽ʱ䣬ţ֪ԭѾôá
Ҫʲôأ
졭ͻȻ뵽ո龰ǽءҪڴһ𡭡
ǡǡ˰ɡ
ܣС㲻ȷǲ˺˵
ʲôҴһһľͿˡ
õġͷҪʲô𣿡
ˡ
õġھȥ
ûϵٻҲԡһǺܶȥԷҲ鷳緹ʱ䣬רΪ񰡡
õġ˵꣬뿪ˡ
ȵСѾǰСʱԺ
ܣ͡Ȼ˵ٻҲԣְǵһʱȽϺãܲϰɡ
õģллù߲𿪿Լʲô˵ҽʲôг̰ţ
รģǹ˾ϺǸĿѾ˵һڵĹ̡Խ룬ϻ˹ᣬһһµһڹ̵βݡСļһһı棬Ȼļݸ磬һ¡
硭ϵĿǭZȼ˹漰ķҲһġô˵
ܣ
ޣûʲôˣȥϢɡļϣµݸ顣
õġӹļ˳˰칫ҲȥԷˡ
극㿪ʼ׼翪ҪļԺһļķϡ
ȻͿʼһֱֻҵȣȴһֱûеȵֻʲôӦ
Ϊ
ٻٷϢٲáҲ绰ġ
Ȼ
ûС
ôһֱڰ칫Ϣ۾ȣֻһֱ档
ֱ
칫ҵ⣬顰ˡš
ܣϵܼൽˣڻҵ
áһ˸ļ߳칫ǰһԼױݣϣԼܹһЩ١áˡò̫á
ǣֱߵңһܣڻҵ棬ѰһȦȴʼûҵԼ뿴ʱһ±ơ
ǭZȼĿһֱںϣȻĿ˵㣬ּˡ
šεĵͷZȼּˡڸǭZȼ˵ͬʱûסؿһ飬ڻǢ̸ļˡ
㡭˭ǭZȼЦʵ
ǹģ֪ʣǺϲ
ûУֻ룬ˡ۾ԾɿƲסĴûСΪһЩԭ򡭡Իڸ·ϡ
лл¡ǭZȼǹȲ񶨣״ƿ϶Ȼ󡭡
ǹ˾ÿһλԱǺܾҵģģġǭZȼ΢Ц˵ȵˣ첻ม
G
ʱҲˣȿɡǭZȼָָӱϵʱ䣬
š
ôҪ˵һ¹ҹ˾Ŀһ̽βǭZȼվߵ̨ǰõݸÿһ˿
ǣصĹѾԤ깤ȻйСĦӦķѾȥһֵĹ˵ĺͬѾڡǭZȼкõһһ֣̽㣬أ
ûʲô⡣ڷǭZȼõļԵɨݣһ˽¿Ժٸ㹵ͨһ¡
õġǭZȼͷ
βͰǸղ۵ɾͿˡ
õġ
ôĻɡ翴˿ʱ䣬дҵľҲĵòˣʣµģֻҪǴ⣬˽¸ǭZȼͨҲԣôҲˣһһȥԸɣССףһµһڹ̽͡
Ү
̫ˣ
һƬ
ϵͬȸһṫ˾һˣͷϵļԺ°ࡣǭZȼǵ
ô°ɡԷλһ鶨Ժ֪ͨǵġ
㣬ˣϼǭZȼ˵ţҲҪ뿪
סС˵ԡһ𣿡
ǭZȼһΧͬ£˵Լع˾ɣҺܿͻȥ
ǡ
õģܼ࡫
ȵ˶߹ԺǭZȼ΢΢һЦʵŲµʲôˣ㣬ʲôأ
աû𡣡
šհǭZȼӣü˵ǹ˾ķɹʣҪ۵ݣƺķ޹ء
ҵ˼ǣϵĹǺڵĺԼ⣬ҲҪճһǢ̸ɡ綼Ҫˣ֪ǭZȼǲǹⴧװͿ֮ǰ٩Լ͸յģװһ׵Ҫ
ۡ㲻ýţôﰡǭZȼûסЦսȷӦùģǸպˣû˾̸û漰档ȵβʱҪġ
ˣٵΪʲôٰ𣿡֪Ժ󣬺Ժðһѵ⡣
ͣͣͣ㲻ҪǭZȼʾ侲һ㣬ű˵û͸ңֱӽ²ĲٵģҲ˵֪û˾顣ٵԭ²Ǳ˵Ϊ˽£ûж˵
һ˿ʧ
˵ֻ岻̫ڼϢҲСղ̫ҪڼչСաǭZȼο˵㲻֪Ǹһôϲ鷳ˣһ£Ҳֻ˽ԭ
šͷллҡ
СǭZȼڰ֡
Zȼҿ԰һ𡣡
ţ
ףᡭе顭ܹܲϯˡ𡣾۲͵˵ҾͿˡ
ðǭZȼ׺˼
лл㡣

š˵ʱҵͿˣһύġмǸ⣬Ͼϵףģ˲ȥܹǲ̫õģ鷳ˡȥæˡ
šҲûع˾ˡǭZȼ˵űߣҪչ˺ǹ˾ĸ߹ม٩硣
̲סƲƲ졣
漴صԼİ칫ң齻һף飬ףķãȫҵ˽ϾͿˡ
õģܡ
鷳ˡЦ˵졣
ţллܡ
ЦЦû˵ص칫ԼĶʹֱ°ˡ
ʱϹȥĻ
ΪȷǲΪԭٵģе㵣ǲϢҲһ绰ȥͳ
ǣֱӸϵյѧУѧ
Ҳʱոպá
վհ༶⣬͵ʵһ˵ѧ
ûһ㿴С½½ӽ߳
羲ĵȴš
ȻСձСںͺ߶ϵһ̣ϲõɫűıܽĻ
̣
ǡաҲ§סСգСԴ˵𡣡
룡
ţԡ籧Сգ۵Сϣһڡ
̣ôСһ˫ˮĴ۾ôź硣
գ̡ں˵ʲôʱ򣬶һ
աǻе
ѭȥǰˡûĻڸռ¥µˡ
á΢΢һЦӺӹգʶǼ𣿡
Ǽҡü룬ʲôʱҵˡѲյĸ
ôţϵɫһ䣬ȴǾò˵ʡ͸ʲôϵ
Сյѡʵش𣬡ҲʶС𣿡
СաеôܸﰡţҲǸյġѡ
գ廳ɡ쿪˫ۡ
ʶı˻Сգѯʵգʶ𣿡
šมС˵˵ѧ
ΪʲôСôƶʵô㣿𣿡
ûมСͻȻûҲ֪Ӧô˵ֻ֪Ǽѧѡ
ôˣ
СսЩ顣ԽҽѧĽ˵֪ǵյİȫ㲻ŵĻҲԴ绰ȷϡֱյİʦиʦǰ˵
ɵĿʼͣڼϣ޷ȷϼ˵ĻҲΪĵ⣬Ȼʶôܹ˵˵ĻȷһĿŶȡ
ǡ
绹е㲻ġ
ż棬ͨ˴յĵ绰ɵ绰ȴֻĵ绰ѹػʾ
ûа취ֻñСգߵСյڰ༶ѯСյİʦڵõȷĴԺˡ
ͬʱҲСյİʦȷ˺ݡ
ô˰ɡεĺһӺĻӹСա
ðŰһЦȻҶʶգҲҪջؼҵĻôһȥռҰɡ
㡭оԼ޷ƵġôŮˡ
Ҳͳ绰ǽȴһޡ
ûѹػ
ֲĵĴ
ȴһ
ź籧СѾԶȥıӰܻĸȥ
лҪ˵

ۺ
һ
һ


128 
Сѧ֮, ձһڿ͡
׵, ֻü;;֮ײ
ʵ˵, ջЩϰߡ
ƽСѧ, ĩϢҲǺСһ͡
ٻ˿, һò͵
ʵˣһôȥ, Ҳܺ, ΪĸŮһֱΪ߹ġ
ǡ
ոһ, ͻȻʶһ⡣
һ죬Ҳ᳤
šҲһ졭
뿪Լ
, ҲСԼ
ύµ, µȦӣʶܶˣܶ, Ȼ󡭡ϲһˣϲһ
Ǹʱ򡭡
ô졣
롭úܹ¶ˡ
뵽, ֲԳ, оԼǡ̫ࡣ
ڲŶ, ѡȴ뵽ôôԺδ
Ҳδ⣬㣭ᣭģ㣭ᣭģ̫һɣ
ǡ̲סЦЩʲô
һˣʲô䲻أӸյĶ
ءۡձһ, ˡ
ôȸﰡĿڿɳϣһû˯ѵӡ
С·ôûıŵ˺𣬶ؼǡ򿪷߳ûзôİ
ôû϶̫רעûɡԼͷ˳Լ̫ѨȻΪϺ̫Եͷеʹĸоѹ
˵ڱŵúһֱæԽһ˯𡭡ôô簡ȥһۿıӣţ㡭
˵ҪְĺþûˣѵᣬҿɲܹŹ˵дʣһᵽ֣־ٱʹ඼˺öࡣ
ҿˡƲƲ죬ʾ治ôܹôϲְ
ղһ˵ʲôţ˯ۣŸ˵
ûаСﰡ
ʵոôʲôءߵ£Ҳʼ͡
ðɡֻ롭ԺҲ᳤ҲϲˣȻ󡭡Ҳܻ뿪ҡʲôġ̹׵˵
ĬĬĳ緹˺һ˵ʱ򡭡ܾãһЩ
ţʲô
ǻ롭ͻȻԭһΡѾôˡȻ;áľյء磬˼ģʽǰ㡭ȻͬΪݵת𣬻ǡֻΪøӳˡ
ͣɵ˵ȻΪұøӳ˰ҶʮҮ˼
޷Ǿǣ˺ܶȥˡ
ҲԡǶСˡЦҲǰǶǰˣͲôˡ
꣬Ƕ̫
ɡҲɡˡ
ֻϧ
һȥ
ô̾õЦ˵ղһرӵģϷ̨һӰԲҪַӾʹɫѹܴҮҪԾһա
˵ЩάҵĻ˺ҸղǷĵȫͶòą̃ҲڱҮԹ
ǡ԰㣬Ҫѧûް
ϣӣ꣬һ·ǾܳŹˣһᵽҪȥַ֣ӽսģʽ
չȻǡ޷⣬λֿȰߡ
ȻȵŵʱѾǰСʱԺ
Ȼܻصеģǲܹ̫ҡǵһ㣬ҲԸ˱ڸΪ˱߸ĵĿ֮⣬ҲΪ˱һҪǱȷ˿ϳɧĻҲ鷳ġ
ԼҲ֪һ㣬ԼҪ֣Ҳѡרŵҵʩƺܶࡣ
֮˵רŵҵΪҵԱǾɸѡģܺãÿҵĵԱиڹ˿͵ߣȷ˿ͲᱻɵԱŻǱӰ쵽
ôһС黨źɫȹӣ¾ڱȶš
ѧģʲôÿʵʵ˵һߵĸͷֻУǹҲûƬݣϻ֣оģеһƴ
ӴԽԽ˹ôңһᵱม˵ô˵ʵԼǺŵģȻ˵Ŀ佱Ҳ
ʲô𰡣Ľĺ𡣡
Уȥ˵ţȹӾ߽¼䣬ԱҲ
˸ϣˡƣ˸Ժ󣬱ҲʼĴ䣬ѡûиԼʵ
ڼ䣬һֱע⵽ֻ𶯣ƫƫȥ˸һûг
ҲΪˣҲֹһεģͬһģϵעԼֻ
֪ʲôʱġ㡭𡱳ˡԷѶıǡ
ȻʼûյĻظ
롭
ţ˰ɡ
һ¡
̲ס
ʱðͷ
ÿҪôʱֻòס
оĪһΰɡ
ΪĿǰ֮Ĺϵԣ񡭡̫ʺȥ
Բ˳
ôЧɣûãѾȹӣӸ߳
ô˵ء
Ӧ˵Ա𡭡
оġõġ
Ҳǡ
ܳһȹӣһȹӣܳ
ܺÿյǡôѧϸֳˡմսߣߵλã·üĲ̲ס޵ȹӣĺܺÿ
ǵȻЦЦ
ˣȥ֮ҿֻһֱҮӦ˴绰ɡ
ҿô˵ţߵŰĵطֻδʾ˵ֵʱ˱ɫ
ע⵽ˣôˣ
ûʲôֻһԣЦ˵޹ص˴ɧŵ绰ˡ
ܾá绰ǸˣӦòͬѰȻ˵ҲûбҪʡ
߰ɡҸˣȥһҰɡ
ɨٶȡ
ǼƤпô˵ǻһҵ꣬Ҳһҵĸڶѡ
ӲָҲԡԿɡı
ţҲáΪֻ׵Ĺϵֱڵˡ
ôƤп˵ת˼Ȧ
֡Ĵָ
ǰҲɡԵĵС˵
ʱĵ绰ִ𶯵
ѿСֻɨһۣһ˿õûҪӵ绰˼ҲٳûйҶͨ绰
𣿡̽磭أ˵ͬһ˴ģܶˣӦʲôҪɡ
ֻ룬ţǹҶ˵绰ֱӹ˻
ĿһĻĸգһӶǸ绰˼ͬ顣
š
쵽յǰ̯ơ

ֻ
պԤ浽Щʲôȴǰֻŵ
˿ֱӰҲ˻
ιѧ㡪
ҲֻһˣΪҲ֪ڵ˭˭˭ĳĳĳϢһ仰ƸյС˼ѵн죬ҳͰĹ֣еûġֻûˣؼٻ㡣

ˣҲõաҽǼһҪúչյģղʲôġ˵꣬Ͱֻһˡ
ᡣ
ȡǿƣ磭רע֮Уֱ˸ˣ
ˡôؼҳԷǳȥԡɴճȥһٺˡڳ
ġյĽŶߵʹˣܹ䣬Ȼؼһ˰ɣѶڼ˳ȥա
š˾Ȼظյļҡ
ʮӺ
ջķᡣһûУȫúŵıˡ
ԣһļţԹûˡ
Ȼ
˻صıǺͼһڿ龰
סˡ
±ˡ
ֻСո˵ķɱԼ仳ĵĴţ䣡
šջع˱ԼŮ
üΪʲô
Ҳü
յߣһˡ
죬յߣֶһŮˡ
лҪ˵
ѽ硣
˲ʡĵŮӴ

һָϡ

һ¸ʣ
ƪղӡ


129 



ڳ, ǳĬıųĬ, СһСɰֺǺǵıԼ䡣
ѧ㡭
ֻһ, ·һķ, ʶૡ
պҲΪԼȷӦڴʱ˿̳ΪǸƳĬˣǡʵڲ֪ԼӦ˵Щʲô, ֪Ӻ˵źá
ţǻ˰ƺһ˿˿, ȿ˿, Ը˵, λС㣿յѧУģҲ˵ʶ, յʦҲ˵ʶ, ˵̫ոһԾһ𡭡
šմ˿ͦҸȥģƽش˵, ûϵλšС㡭Խ˵ԽС, 밡ֵĻ, һ˰, ʶ
յĻش𣬺綼ˣȴûʲôӦ󲿷ֵľͶһֱվڸһǸŮϡ
û, ڴ
Ҳע⵽ˣһֱԼϣԼڱŵʵ
ʶأ
һ㡭
һһʶģѧ㣬ǰѡ̫ˡ
ܶණΪѧ᳤ҲϵظܶĽ֧֡
Լܹ֮˵ˣԴȦ룬ҲǶ˺ĹͰ
ʮһˡ
Ѿʶʮһ˰
ԴӺ羭ʧȥԺжûϵأ
ꡣ
û뵽طꡣ
뵽ԾһЦƺһжȻˡ
ѹյķӦô֣ᵽʱҲһ֧֧ģԭˣ
תյϣĶЦš
߷ڸԺ󣬱ҲŸտ˹ȥ
ֻñѹע⵽ˡڳ˶ͶŵԼϡ
о顭
ʱͻȻ˵Сաһ𣿡
һšⲻǹΪ𡭡˭֪ʧǺ磬ֲԼҲ̫˰ɣ
ţûǹģٷ֮ٹġ
ͣû˵
ʱȴŲֱߵյǰ
ձͣҲź磬һٶʲô
ȴֻԸЦЦŲͷ֣¶Ц˵ӰȦŮӰĴѡС㡣ãǺ硣
ȻȦ鲢ôȤ̫ߣҲܲʶֻû뵽վȻʶˡӣӦùϵǳ
֪Ӧ˵֮⻹֮أʶȴֻʶڵ
ֿѣ˿ǰȴ˷ˡ
ڣںԼһԱѣȻ֪ʵˣλεķԼǰǲòϡʹûбֳﰡʵһЩʧ䡣
ţáҲ֣ס֣ءС㡣
ֻһССͣ٣ɸȻвһ˿ʧ䣬롭飬ܹܵͬܰɡ
ˣôʱ򣬻ǲҪպˣԽصĻԽ᲻֪ô״ģҲܺ¡Ⱦȥ
Zȼ˵ˡЩԥڱ˶ڳ£ȷԼӦӦʱй¶Լ飬ΪˣԾȥպˣ˼һˡ
ţյͷһۼл˵ллҽջ
ָ˵ллҲߵյߣĵлģееƫƫǰŮĶֻεЦ˵ҶˡְɢԵķ˿
ȴվһԵĺˡ
ͷȥ磬һĪ
ͣҲ磬ľȡ
ʱŻع·Լʲôεһ㣬һȦôעţرǸյһ˫۾С¹ײģֻøģյϣûסôĴָָĦŸϵƤŲŲ˿˳͵ͷҵˡ
һڣ˵Ժ󣬺ֶپڲѣԼոն˵Щʲô
ǡ˾һЦĿǰ͸յĹϵѾˣʣµġ룬Ӧÿ̽һ¡
˵һȥԷһſϷӣ硭СҲһΣ
ޡǡ͹ˡȻ룬ûɾܾġ
ҡ
ҲҪԻλС㡱͸֮䵽Ǹʲôϵ
м
ܹȷǣСյڼ̸ɲᡣ
ѧ㰡տ˵ǼҧгݵĺˣⶼĶĶһȥԷ
ţüϸյ۾·˵ѾҶˣȻƭң
յѶţֻĬĬصͷ
죬һ㡣
߰ɣѾ˲λãڡСաҸô˵ţź潫յһ죬ߣһֻǣסСգ˼ͺ˸ɵۡ
ľˣϰ˵ĸˣҲΪ⣬翴ӰĿ⣬˲٣۾롭ոЩϰ߳ȻΪ֮ء
š
ߵĿɣܣ磭
ơ
ǺԺ֮УΩһ뵽Ĵʡ
һ䣬ϾĹԭҪ˽жıҲһڰſڡ
Ժ
ͬԤıƵģȽСչ˵ԼԼԱ£µһ̣ѾԤ˽ÿӦλ
Ϊܹչ˺ԼŮֻѡλãҲ·ȻһѡǸλһ㣬̩Ȼߵʿ˵ɡ
һ٣ʶġ۽ǵ⿴һۺ磬žܾˣҿԼ̬ƺǿӲ˲١
ĿǰһУϬʲôû˵ֻһԶ˸Ա߽ʣǸλϡ
ǣܹѡλã˵ǡλãֻʣԵǸλˣҲǡĶ档
ȵ˶Ժ
¶һײЦݡ
Ȼһ
˹֮⣬ᷢõء
ԱҲüˣϷ˿Ϸ
һϷˡ
һܴģϷ
лҪ˵

Ҳա
оһ»ܾء
ѧҪպˣһеСأ

ڴ

ôôףţŨq?


130 
, Сǿˡһ, ֱӰѲ˵ݸ, Сɡ
һ㶡
Ǽٿ
ܾá
ƺҲһֱڴԼȻ粻Ǻȷ, ܾáһֱĽͶŵԼϡ
Ϊʲô
ãôԵʡΪյĹϵ
Ǵ𡭡
㡣Сɡ, Ⱦúá
𣿡һ˿Ȼ, ǽ졭ˡûɣһ۸ա
, һֹ, ǵ˵ͷ֪ʲô, ȴܾáмƻʵʩš硱Ϊ, ƫƫǺǰ
ˡڻмڳ֪Լȥʲô飬Ҳ֪ԼͺڹĹϵ, ڸԼû֮ĸ֮£ʵ˵Ҫ֦
֮顣
һ֪, ͶһعΣա
, ҡð
, ҲûʲôɡֱӺ˼ҲشԼֱӾˣˣ֪ûʲô
ͻȻ, ԼĪվʳ׶ˡ
Ǿ͡һҳһҳķŲ˵СܾЩأԭδĳһ죬͸ջͬһһԷǡึˣٿһƿưɡ
õġ͵һһ£ҸȷһΣС𣿡
š
õģھͰµ
ڲ͵֮ǰ˺ƣҰλõ˾ƣµϺ󣬱˳˰䡣
С㣬ʲôʱʶյءȻʱ䣬ȻҪץסʿˡ
Һ硭ʶĿڣҪشҲǡʶķӦ¶ĳƺ
ร磿գƫƫͷһЦ˵Ҳ㣬ʺС㡣
ûޣֻñ͡
罫յķӦ糣Ļش˵²ʶΪ˫˾кĹϵԲڹϿʼнӴţ˶٣տһ۸գ˵һ֪յĴڣһֱһʶ
ǰʶ˰ҧгݵĿŸ˵
ôС㣬øأ
ΡָСʲô˼أ΢΢һЦʷҲ̫˰ɣ̽Լ֮Ĺϵ
ǡЦһ˵СӦҵ˼ţҲһ٣ϷŪĵĵ٩ǼҸաԴһֱ棬˸һּۣ˵Ϊ˴̫䵭̫ýӽɣ
ǼҸա
Ǽң
ǺǾ仰֮󣬵һӦ
มȻĵͷȴӻûаպܺáҲգ͵͡
มͰ˵ͷ
ȻСô࣬ô⣬ҲһɣЦ˵
ʡҲС
㡣ЦݣͻȻƺҪıƵģ͸ʲôϵǱȽϲֱ룬Ĩǵʣ̫˷ʱ䡣
𣿡⣬뷨ȷһЩַڸ߽űָĦ˺һŻش˵ҸǺѡ׼ȷ˵ѧ㡣
ѧ𣿾֪ǵӰѧԺģĻûü˵ꡣ
Сһںƣڸ߽űеŵİɫҺ壬˼ǣԶĸо
ԭ˵ͷûٶʡ
Ǳһͬĺѵġ
ô˵
ȴմˡ
С㡣հססƱ֣ٺһ㡣һ˲䣬µҪ˵ʲôƵġ
ãٺȵ㣬Ҳ˵㡣Զʧ
ոա
ʧ̬ˡ
ܾ֮䣬һ΢աᣭȥ
ˡʱţ͵ϣԺ󣬱һ뿪ٴš
ˣòͰɡ֪ǲڸղŵһ˲䣬оǣ
ģȫͶ뵽Ϸ֣оľƵġ
Сգ㲼ˡ˻һվ;һͷ
Խ˴̣żеյ
ܾԾ֪ԼԸ˼ԼҪ飿
ֻǡʶ˵㲻Ǻȡ𣿡


⻰һ㶣˫۾Ŀ硣
类˶źð죬ŻعʶԼ˵ʲôоܹ֣Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôô˵ֻǡոյǸ龰һʶĸо
˼ҡ˵ʲô𣿡ԥʳڵ
ûСճġֻȽ̶ѡΧ
šҲͷ˵˵û
Ωûп˵ζĿһۺ硣
ոķӦǺô
ԼҲûʶԼ˵ڵĻƵġ
ңǰȷǺζԻϴӲ⣬ûǺҲܹ˰
˵
տʼܹܳ飬Ҳڸֿ֮ŷġ
ô
硭
ѵ
ţʼϵ̽ź磬һٷ¶û¶ͶԸո֮ܡ
ɫʼԽԽѿ
ȴͷڹƵģԼĿǶ棬һֱͷԷ
ȥͣȡɡ֧˼
Ҳãҵ绰ȥȡóͣҲĻм߸ġ
š˵ͷֱȷϼ뿪
̣ΪʲôûСߵߣ֣ĵ˵
ʵšСô֪Ҫȥ𣿡
ţ֮ǰ˵Իһ̡Ǻû绰˵ǣǾһȥˡСս͵
šǣûа취ֱӸС˵ܲԼԴסȴһСɣΪ¡Ծ͡
վһԣע⵽ںС˵ѸС˵ûʲôҪѧҵ𡣡
С㡭ǶѾµ𡣡ε˵
ǽˣ㻹ҵʲôʱ򣿡üһʲôҲ֪ģ
ҡյͷûƵ̾һʵûҪ㡭忴һۺ磬ֻǡûӦô˵ҸڵĹϵǸӡ
ǡʲôӣҲĿͶ磬С˵ģٲȻһĸŮʲô𡣸ղͻȻ˵Ǿ仰
˻ط飬ܾáеʱ򣬺иһ֡ƺʲôĴվҲֻǴѣûаɡʲôĻͲӦˡղšֻǡ
ֻǣô룬ոյǾ仰˵ԺԼķӦͻأȻķӦʲôûģ
ֻǡһ֡ȻȻġӦɡ֮ղǲҪϣֻǲԼ̫ϣ
ϣԽʧԽ󰡡
֮ûȷķӦ֮ǰҲԼȥ顣
ţˡͷĵҲǲ
ʧãҲǻõģаٷ֮һٵء
õҲзյİ
ڶ
ս˫֣ĬһԲΪոʵˡشҲԵ⡣
̺æ𣿡һԵСͣƺʧԼԵò̫˵ӡ
ţ֮ǰһЩҪæͻȻ𣿡ÿοܻһ֡ôôɰĺءָоڻú
ţտˡһѱס˺ĲӣԼղ˲ա
类СյľٶŪĻŭŵģһʼһֱãԼϲСյԭΪСǸյĺӣӰΪݼڵĹϵȴԽԽãƺֹˣܡΪǰͱȽͶԵĹϵôܾԸܺء
´βˣ̸㱣֤ʧԼ׸յСգȻסֺ֤˵أԺˣҲң֪𡣡
ŵ𡣡Се㵣ģΪղ˵æ
ġСյСС̣һܸ˵ġ
ãСô˵˵֣Ҫ䣡
šôЦţСܵյߣҲתƵյϡ
ȻǺΪ
ǣʱͻܸˡ
һϲ˰ɡ
ϲ
硭ȷһΡע⵽翴ߵߣͻȻ
ʲô̧ͷһĪ
ǡһЦʹ˸ɫְյ壬ʹź磬ָգĴָָ촽
Ȼ󡪡
˫ȥ
յɴ۾
ţûб׵
׵ǡԼĴĴָ
ֻ˺Ӿԭǣʵϣû׵ա
λֶΣ൱
ʲô缸뵽ûߵպǰֿˡ
С㣬ҸղʲôأƵһЦʵ˵ڴţķӦ
֪᲻һء
ϣǿ϶Ĵ𰸡
٣ܹ֤ܶ顣
ôܼ൱ԵķŭֲͷԸ˵ô㰡
ʵ˵ѹû˵ˣ촽Ƥһû
ΪʲôԣͻȻúЦǵһοըëĺ磬ֻǺܿϧںʧԺſ
ΪʲôȻΪʲô
Ϊʲô
ǰΪʲô
ԽԽ
һŭ𣬴࿪ʼȼգԽԽһֱյǻоҪӿˡ
üͷһӦǸһ޹
ͷҲָŸյգĴָָĦŸյ촽׼ȷ˵Ħ·ҪղŴĵطȫȥӡƵģֱĦյ촽죬Ȼǣ׼˸յͣȥ
θûеɴ˫ۣȴʵסˡ
һ˫һһĴУ뵱ꡭһģһ
ǽǵĸоǽǶ
ʼգûиı
ķӦҺε¶ЦݣĿѾˣȻҲûҪסСյ˫ۣϾȿȣٶ㡣
³çǣֻ˼ӱˡ
Ŀź磬Щţ㡭ʲô
һĻش

ղ˵ˡ
ʶĳʶļ䣬ʶĻش
ǺķӦǺı飬һֱ׳˵Ƿ
һеһС
꣬һޡ
лҪ˵
ϣ

µ΢һЩѣѲ˼Ϊдһһ¡
оǣտʼдµʱԿ
ա
˵һһ¡
һº͵ڣ¡һ𿴡
ͻᶮպķӦ


ƪղ


131 
һʱ֮, շ·һ㡣
յķӦ̫ƽ, ˵ǡѹûзӦ
, ں翴, ˡ
ǣ̲ס￪ʼˡĴ, Լոյľٶɸյ񡭡
Ļ, Ϊʲôһ㷴Ӧû, ֻһֱĬ, ղŵǸǡ
Ȼ̫ͻأһЩɡ
ô˵ͻȻȥʲôġȷеŵİɡ
ʱûڲѡ
, ˡʱ, 
һۺ޷Ӧĸգڰŵĺ磬Լ˵, 
С㣬˵Ѿȡó, ڻȥ߽ͣһλȫ¶һڵıڡ
, ֪ˡͷ, ǣСյ֣Ըո˵ȡóˣһ߰ɡ
ˡ˾ңԼȥͿˡһ뷨, 롭ǲǲ̫뿴
ǡһ۸գ𣿡
С㡭԰չһ𡣡ڻ̧ͷ۾
ȻûⰡһЦӿյ˫һ𣬺ʲô飬
ǾͰСˡոмĵͷס˺֣ؼҺˡ
ţ·ҪСġԺ󣬱ǣСգڱڵı뿪ˡ
ֻʣ¸ˡ
߰ɡɫ糣ƽ·ʲô鶼ûзƵģú˰ףǣź֣Ҳ뿪˲
һ·Ϻû˵ֻɸǣԼ֡
һ·ţҲûԼĿĵأֻ˵ǣŶԷ֣ŶԷһ̣áԼܵǰδеƽ
ղΪ³çɵھգ̼ʧΪǣסֵһ˲䣬·ѾΪ㡣
ôһ˴ء
ֻǳĬĴԣվߣܹܵ
ǣס֣й¿ƯĴֻͻȻ˷
´˿̷Ҳη塣
գĸľһ
ץס
ץסˣζҪٷſֽ飬޷ȷеɶ˵Ǹնġ
ǸطʲôûС
һƬߡ
Ϊ˸ա
ʼ˹⣬

ղŵǸǡ
յ촽֪ΪǸյĹϵΪŮӵ촽ô𡭡
Դˣûʲô飬ֻǵã˫ĴУȻǵʱ̣ܶȴֵζ
񡭡һɵζ
Сϵζһ
ͷζ𡭡·ζ
ǡ
֪
лĻšҪȷһء
䲻䡣ͻȻͷѯź˵
ᡣҡҡͷЩЦ˵ĺůֹķȣáԼģ·ѾƵģůȡ
ʱһ̵֣ĸо
Ķɡ
˵͵˾͵𡣡ձԭƣǰûȥ۾
šͷϲ𡣡
ˡ
ˡ
ֿʼˡ
ֿ࣬ʼܿưһĿ
ڴյĻش
ΪʲôҪͻҡûش⣬׳µʡ
Ϊϲɫ˽ڡһ䣬ʾ
ôһſƬʲôġߡҲӦøһջ˵Ǳ͵Ļô졣
ǳҪһϲԲͻҲûдƬšҲҪȥҵģʱ򡭡ٿķӦϲϲ˵
յĲ
һξãô˳ôÿأÿƲۡ
ϡն˶٣סֻ֣ɵý˽ԲͻȻе飬ˡи㷢ϢҲУ㶼ûлظˡ԰ɣ
ҪϣܾøʱܹһۿƵģܲİɵûзϣҲҪ϶飬ǻԵСô
ͻȻе顭ָʲôʲôϵ̫̫ˣյߣͻȻһֶһǵʲôϵֻǱ˵𣬺Ҫ֪֪ԸԸ⣬֪Ȩҿô𡣡
ԡҪ֪Ȩվ͸֪ȨС鲻̫ãˡ˻ᷢƷ裬ĵͷ鷳ŮбչСҲ̫㣬ԲŴ绰ңȥչ
ˣסҼҡΪԤ齵ľƵ꣬ͻȻֺܶߣټǸʱеСˣԣ磭ҾͰСӵҼˡҪ˵һЩúᡭ롣
Ĭ˼룬Ž˵㻹ûиҡͼʲôϵ
ҺֻѶѡ
ǣҲֵֺܶġǰͻȻֳڸռ¥µ龰ȻıСգȻտ
ðɣҳϲҡҾܾˡҸ֮ûпܵġҲʲôǸܺõĶ󣬵ܿϧҸ֮䣬ûпܵġ
ǡСءܻ䡣
̫ҸС㡭ǾԲܵİϲңҲϲҸľǺܺõѡʶܶˡȻʧЦ
û뵽ô룬ԡȻΪղڳԷʱ֡⡱ºôΪ
ǣ͸ϲ𡣡һ顣
ţشˡ
סͻ˼𡣡
ףȻףǡӦ

ЩҪ˵ͻȻͣ˽Ųס˸յ֣壬Լ
ղòź˫ۡ
˵Щ֮ǰм飬ȷһ¡

罫ԼģյķѾճ𡣡
ʲô˼ղס
֪ˡ塭ǷֿԭҲ֪ôûٳֹҲһֱǲܲ˵״̬ȻˣҲáʲôֵļֵԷһһȷһºˡ
һ㶣ûԭȥôá绹Щ顣
𡣡


ǸǸ˼ô
ǣˡͼ͵
ûᡣܾԭ򣬰һֱرҵĸ飬Щҿﻹ֤һҪ׿Ĵ𰸡Щʱ򣬺ĪúÿԼ뵽ʱҲе
һ֡ŭ
֪һĻԭ
ΪӶûС
ҲԼĪ
ǣ̲ס
ǻ
ΪʲôǸĺǸĺԴա
Ǹƾʲôƨ˸˸գܹڸյռôҪλã
ǡ
ΪʲôûøǸˣ
ΪʲôܹڸյռһҪλã
ΪʲôܹΪøôˣ
ġ̾һʾҡûֻǡܻɡҺܻ
˼˵㻹ûзĻش𣬺ʹʧӡ
Ų޹ءðɣĻ˵ͻȻúͷʹ޷ϸͣΪܶΪǸӣе飬ҵġҵġǰ򡯣޹ءҾܾΪĲϲûлӦĸ顭ҲȷܲúõĻӦ㡣
Ҳ𣿡
ʲô
ҿԳΪǸô˵һ飬յְ֣ѹԼĿ֮ҪΪǸһֱ޷ǣռĵǸˡͲô
סˡ
ȻûųֿܣҲûȷڳԴס
ڸԼֱŤ
ǡԭúԴ׵ԭʵøվáЩЦá
ڳԴףǡڳԼĴס
ڵڳԹȥĴס
վЩΡ
ԡղСǰңΪԴ𡣡һЦʵС㲢û׵ңֻǽλѣ˵ţʾһ֮ǰڰ顣
СǹġȻĿҲﵽˡΪˡԴסҲʲôˣɴһȫ˵ˡ
ԡ㲻ҪᡣҸҲãСҲãҵǸţǰ򡯣ûܵġ
ҿΪҽô࣬ڸңģѾճ𡣡
šյͷ
ʵ˵
ģղճʲôġЩһϵûС
Ϊһֱֻһ˰
ֻкѡ
ղş̌ͷź˫ҪƵģ˵ˡ԰ɡ
šͷ̽˵㡭𣿡
ᡣȻⰡ
ǾͺãһΪҸղӡ㲻ˡ˵꣬ܺߵЦˡ
硣ͻȻһ֣˺ܶิӵģǵģģ翵ģͳͳһĻ֡
ţ
˫֣һ§ס˺磬ԼĻͷķ䣬ſǻ˵Һ㡣
ô˵˼ܿģҲ§סգ˵ţҲ㡣
˾ôŶԷ
󣬺˵ղţҲ˵ˡл˵𡣡
šԾͷںľ䣬ű˵
þ֮ǰҵԿסܹɳҵȨҺܸˡǣһûиҡֻԽ˵Խţ§סյ֣ʼð
ʲô
ɳҵݡһ˵ҿԳΪһλŮ𡣡

ɿ˸գôõĻᡣһ̣ҪյҪ֪ʱ˿̣ʲôı飬ȵģĵģģǡŵģ
˵ǲ飬ǲһӣⶼܹΪܾҵɡҲˣΪСһ׼ԸһչСգ㹲ͬеչΡֻҪϸһͺá
ԼЩ״ΣһԺЩ֪Լ˵Щʲôˣǡûа취Ǿ򶨣߸յĻŬ˵ڣԸҽ𣿡

ҲҪشҡ翴һԲЩżʵұҲûдô˵ġֻǡ⼸죬رϿ¥½գ졭ֿСվ߸ôܣҲòϡЩҲΣС

ԣϣܹ㽨ϵ羡ĽֻͣϣøվΪѡ
ɵϡֻ㰡
ʲôΣС
΢֪ôģͻȻ;áޣۿʼЩģ
һɡ֣ҵ֣ʮָ§סĺ󾱣ס
ģţ˫ǵ촽ʼ΢΢ۣȴǲϷŹ죭壭ͷᣭţ촽ݣģ壭ͷһ

һߡ
ǣСյ֣ڼλڵĻ£ͣ
ôֻգСأֱֱĶŵݺһֱŹϣûпճ֣ʵ
պͺС㻹ЩҪ̸ȴջȥ͵Ȼûи߼
Щ飬ǲ˵Ϊá
˵
ȥɣСոС̸飬ٸһȥɡñջؼҡ
ôôľͷйҪ̸һֱҪȡҵܰ顣
ôô˵ôô˸ۣô۸Ѿϰˡ
ˣϽͻȥɣʱҲˣǼСҲϴϴ˯ˣ˼ҿɻҪѧءߴż˵
ðɺðɡӦšҲ£Ҫ̸飬ӦòôؼңתͷӸҲԡ
ΪҲڵĹϵɱڿͬϾΪˣʱ۲ΧĶ
СڳԱߡ
ڳĬ˺һ
ͻȻ˵˵
ʲôл˵Ҳġ
Ҳ÷˰ɡһΣ˵ĺֱӣ˿ûиӡ
ʲôʵָʲôȻƣҲװɵ
֪˵ʲôٸӡ
򴽣㶼ҵΪֹעִ硣ûôնͻȻ͸˵ҷΪʲô
ЩԸ˵ǲ˵˵ˣ˺ܲףòģҲˣôСնûɿڹ㡭ֻоܾģֻǾáȻôˣǲҲӦһ㣬ȽϺء
Ҳ˵˰ôˡһȻҶôˣȻܹô׾ͷ˵ŬŬͳɹء
㰡Ҳ뿴˺
㲻סͷ⣬е΢磬ִԲλεģһһĹڵϣСհеİ¹⡣ҰǾԲᡪ
Բ᣿ͷȥֻ˶סˣһ˫۾ֱֱĿŴ⡣
˳ż߿ȥ
ڽǵĸո硣
лҪ˵
ϣ

ϲּһ£
Ҹоȿܸա
Ϊոһ
˵һһ°ɡ
ʵдһµո罻̸һֵʱҲܾܡ
ò˵˵ʱжݡ
ҲǺ˵ҪսմӦ˵ԭ֮һ
ҲһֱҪúõĻӦĸ顣
ȴΪȥЩһֱ޷һ
Ǹϣ鷿ҪҪ¿ʼʱ
ʵǾģɵǣ¿ʼ
ϲ¿ʼ飬̫˰
Ĺյȷԭ֮
ԭ֮Ϊա
粻֪ȥ飬Ȼ۰գԸΪյ裬һζǸԸ⿴ġ
ңձҲϲ硣
ʵԭ򣬻Ϊ˵ˡ
İʹûмٹֻһֱˣԼпȥǷݰ⡣
Ϊô˵ܶ൱귢顣
һȥЩİˮһû취סˡ
ҾãǺҪ嶯ģرϡ
˶׶˸У嶯ľڸ鷽棬ʱʺϲˡ
ǽ
ʲô⣬ӭһ

ƪղӡ


132 
ˡؼҰɡɿ, ˵
Ҫ˫, ס˸, ˫սһЩ
ô, 㻹ȥıסԼ, ΢ʹҲϸ۰
ȥҡյյĶ, С˵
, Щε˵, šɡСӦûסҼҡ
˯һ𣿡ͣ˵, øڳԴ׺Ͳˡ
Ȼǰ, øСˣ˯鷿ЦŽ͵Ҳ̫һЩ˺ô, Ȼ֪ôЩʲô
ﲻԼ˯ԣø, Լȥ˯鷿籾պôһ, ôش, ֲˡ
š鷿ʵҪߺ磬˵鷿ҪҪ̫ˡ
鷿кܶд£ֲġǱ˴మ֤
మ䡣
԰ЩóԼȥ
鷿ôˣɿ˸գܾáոһ˲, ֮ķΧЩ΢ء
ûСûʲô鷿кܶܰȻסȥһ˿ô졣հЦŰ쿪Ц˵
ҡ粻мһˣʲôһɣˣٸûͬ˯һͺˣҡô˵Ҳǿˣÿ˯鷿ƺȷЩ׵ӡ
ϾռҲûпͷ
ס
ǡҪҪҼҡһס
룬յĵһֱǾܾ
ΣЩܿļңҲЩܽӴȥֹమЩˣȥͬסƱءȥϵ
̫һЩɣҡЩǿĳһЦϣԼ̬ܹȻһЩٲҪúĲԾջ᲻ϰߡ
ึҲ԰ͻȻȥһİĻܻẦ°ɡʶԼոյ̫ͻȻһЩûϵշҪȥúõĸġѧ㡯Ů˵λãҵġ
ͻȻ֡վôźһһģȴ˵ʮĻһ㶼˵ǰʱҲûпӡ
˽̵ô
ǰһǵģ
һ֪Ĵ̬ԼԼҲ˼꣬ȴøվԼǰǰһضƵġ
ڡ
Ǳ˺ܶࡣ
һЩûмһ档
Ǻ£ҲǺ¡
õǣܹĻᣬȥֺµһ档
źǣûܹںߣ֤һ·ĸı䡣
ţ΢΢һЦͻȻʲô֪ҵ𣿻ͻȻʵҺܿɰҲ֣Լô˵Ļ·˵ͲķڡֱͱеŮһ
ۣİԼ˵Լɰʲôġ̿һĵطйŵģ˵
ǰڣˡ
ǣҺõǣϲ
㲻սһЩԼյǰòֱԼ˫ۡ
ҾáҪô۾Ըһע
ҪȥѰסյ֣ץסȻԼߣһǣΪռĵǸˡԣұȷϣ˵Ƿ㹻ĻһЦ˶Ҳܹȷ˫Զҵƿ
ǡղԾһЦܹǡʱ䣬˵˲ܹץ׼ĵĻ
ˣûа취ƿۺô
İͲԼ˰
ԴӣǰһμײĻסһġѾˡ
Ҳһ̣˫ۣҲûܴӺƿ
ֻ㡣
ͷβʼա
ֻ㰡
Цʲôʲô˼Ц̲סüͷǸʲô˼
òԼȫ黰ܸˣվӦ𣿣
ټ
Ҳٸжһɣ
ǺڸҮ粻
ǡҲĻش㡣ս֣쵽ĺ󾱣ͷסĶͷס֣ԼķܵҵġΪڣŻǿҵš
ţÿ찡¶Цݣ۾ЦˣȫȻһõģ
ǣҲǰÿ졣Ħַں粱ָҲоࡣ
ڣ𣿡һ䣬˺ıǼ⣬ѾˣؼҰɡѧУġաǵ𣿡
šǵá˵ڸռ¥µʱ򣬶ΪջüԼϯѧУġաˡ
ǾͿؼȥϢɣȥѧУԺ󣬾ͻȥ˾ϰࡣաĻŻῪʼʱȥϽ㣬˳һԸ緹ɣš𣿡սļƻߺ硣
šڹ˾Ѿźˡᵽ飬̲סܾú˷أǵһξ飬ѧУһܹԵİɣաĻž;úܰˣǰҶûֻμӡоڴ
šҲڴ졭ζûᵽһɡ
ֻ˵
һΰ
һܶǰΡ
ڡǰ׷Ρ
ȴû뵽񡭡ȻҪʵˡ
ǹȥֿӲ鰡
ͲһؼȻԼؼңһõ㡣޵ĸŸյգʳָŸյĶתתȥڶèƵģ֮ǰҲ˵˰˾һȥ㲻õҡ˾ؼңٻȥɣţ
šðЦŵͷҲüѡ
˾˵绰ûһ˾㿪ҵǡ
˾³ߵűߣţͷԺ˵С㣬롣
šȥ·罻˳
˳
˾һֱͷȴ̾ѣѾǵһο͸һˡ
ˡ
û뵽ǻˡ
ҡ
˾ϳţ͸ɫĳ˺ʮָ۵һ˫֡
վమˡ
ֿ꣬Ҳǻ˴ˣϱ˴ô
뵽˾εҡҡͷ̾һصʻϣ˳ӡ
㵽˼ǵ÷ѶϢҡյͷŴӳ̽ͷĺ
֪̲ס˸ۣǰô֪ô¡
һȥˡվֱ壬¥ؼҡ
羪һӳסա
ţһĪ
㡭ǲǻʲôҪͷյ۾Щ˸š
ò̫Ϊ˵ЩС΢΢ͷյǰ˵ո˵ʲô
ЩĽ죬ɵƽôǵһˣʱһ棬ǹ𡭡ڰͷ̲ס
ţ̧ͷһ۸գֻȻգһ˫ˮ۾޺ĿԼ
ûޡ
̾һȻֿ˿ǰʻλϵ˾˾ǳϵҲܶĽͷŤһߣԼ͸յȫ뿪
ȷ˾עûߣΧҲûʲô˵ʱһᣬһץסյ죬һ촽׼ȷĶ˸յ͡
೤һǡ
˺һŷſ
ɿĸգҲǱ¹Եʣ˴Ӱ֮УԺûע⵽øƻһһ
ҲһؼյգȻ˳뿪ˡ
ֻǴԭأһ
ǻûдӸղŵǸлعڻζŸղǸǡ
ʳָԼ˫Ǻոǹĵط
һתѾʧٵĳӣǸѾʲôûˡ
ɸյ۾עź뿪Ǹ
ҹ޷ơ
ɫ¹ڸյϣҲ¹⣬ϵı顭

졣
磬ա
һڡ
ǡ
һ𡭡ȥμŮУڻ
ΣҪ
Ҳǳڴ
ǳ
лҪ˵
ҡҡҡ

¡¡¡
ǡǡǡ
̫ˡ
ϸµġ
ٶȡܸһְɡ
ˡȥȥ˯ˡ
ǡ࡭Լ졭
Ҫ򡭡ҡҡ

һֻ±ȴߵĶס


133 
Կ, ᣭ
ת
ſˡ
ڿɳϵ, һ, ȻڵӽĿϡ
һ߽, Ͳͬһ, ҲµˡӦò̫ˡ
Լûиʵͼ顭йϵƵļ桭
һ, ɴ۾, Լ, ҲӦҪô˵ȽϺá
̧ͷһ, Ҫȷ, ϾЩ飬ڵ˵̫, Ŀǰԡգʵĸ顣
ˡѾ˯ˡûƿ, ֻȻԭƶԸ˵
յͷ, Ȼֱյķ߹ȥ, Ż˶˷ţŵߵŮĴߣ˳ִ˴ͷСơ
ͷСůɫ⣬ȱȽϵ, øտԼŮ˯ģ

СʱճʱͰ͵ģת֮䡭ˡ
ѾҪɴء
ϵҲ˼֣Ƕ˼ֳ죬СħС
۾硣
ͺͱӱȽԼ
졭һȥμѧУ֯Уڻ
֪Ļ
ҲһеڴͿ
ϣģûеʧ
΢΢һЦ֪ܹܲһϸ䣬Ҳ̫Уôģֻϣܹչ˺գһǣƽĳͺˡ
ģΩһģǱŮ
һڵ顭
ļͥȻǽȷһ𣬻᲻ʲôµìܡ
ʱǣյĻ
ôźð
ˡ֪ʱߵյķſڣűߣţС˵ʲôء
΢΢һЦûлشĻֵֻһԼŮ˯գȻͷԼŮĶͷһǣ˵ҪΡ
漴ص˴ͷСƣһƬڰֻŴ󿪶͸һ˿âղЩ뿪
ŵĹţȷûг֮󣬲̧ͷվһԿõ˵ѧ㻹˯
ⲻǵô˫ֽǰ촽˵̸ؼҵĸС㡣
ղ˼ЦЦ¶ΣȱС㣿
ûһ۸գȻɳߣһǡ
ЦӦȥ˳
ûһݺȣ˵輸ϣҲ˳Աߵĵɳ¡
ôζɣǸƿӴŹԣϣܹ
һڿȣֽӷ˲輸ϣЦ˵ζ治
ٺ٣ȻȻո˵Ļ̫硣
Ĵ˸ջû˵Ļ˵ŮҲͦôܽܣ
һʱ
ˣдš˰ɣȣֱȻ΢Ц˵ʱٺѧǣʲôо˵ĿɲǸղڲǸѵˮǣǡֱӵӴ
ͣԶԣһŻش˵С㡭ˡ
ֹңҲˣնˡһ˵㵽ôģѧڡô°
ҲҪٸȦˣֻ֪ո֮䵽ô¡
ѾһˣΪʲô˵Ҫѧ㣨ָ磩֮
ҡ
͸ղڲһ龰Ļáղûиһ
Ļ˽⣬൱Ȩˣĸһʲôֻһ߳Ըɴˡ
Ǹ
ôѾڽӣȻĻǸʱͲӦǡ˵ǡӭġһˡ
˵
Ҳ˵һģһĻڳҲǵá
ڡ
˵仰
ǲǴЩʲô
Ҹ硭ҽ˵ս͵֮ǰΪ˾һЩҵϵ¼ˡһһĿȽƵȻ˵
˵ʲôü
˵ϲҡշŻ٣֪Ϊʲô˵йظ飬еЩĪĳأһʼûдӦĲ֪ӦӦôӦ˵ʵҺܺ»ٷ뵱ʧȥһε飬ûа취ٳһˡ
ءڴ㡭ѧȥ˵ʹ࣬޷ͬܣҲܹⲢ൱ףһֱ״̬ʼղǳ֮ơ
һֱȥһ죬ᷢչصĵز
ǡҺ磬ڸոաһˡ̹׵˵Сġ̼൱ЧȻҼ¥½Һյʱ򣬱翴ˡ˵ΣСԣڣˡ
˵ЩƵᣬеľĵֻԼס
ȻڽˡôͷҲԵЩ޴룬˵ܹ¸һǻ൱ĵģһҲ˵ûûд㣬ȥ顣
ûСռ붼û룬ѿڶô˵ˡ
ûһ죬ѧԼˣҪô죿üô˵ֿܵȷڣҲΣӦ֪Ⲣǲ޿ܵ顣
š΢΢ͷô˵һ˲䣬һֹͣһ㡣
ȥ顣
ǲ̫԰
Ÿյͷģ뵽һˣлпǧѧһˣá
û뵽ǻһˡ
롭
ŲǷֿꡣ
ʼնһġ
񡭡
֪ôģûװ¹ѧˡڡѧʲôǵˣȴԾɻ͵һ޿ɾҩİ㡣Ц˵Ҫһİԡ
ԼûһЩϾպòײźͺһҲԸ⿴Ȼڹȥ֮УҲҪ̫ˡ֮ͷȻֱڼȻպѧһ𣬾ͺúɡ
šһġյͷ˼лл㣬С㡣ôлл㡣ոм˵
ףô̫࣬ȥǱ˴ѵĹϵ֮⣬ҲΪĹϵɡ
Ҫ˵Ļ֮ĸ飬֮ĸҪöࡣ
ԣѧ㣬ǳҲõѰ
Ҳȷ˵ģȷôģȻҲûڸյǰ磬Ҳ¸ջᴥ飬ʵҲйڴܹ¸һ
ڣķˡ
һˣĺܺá
İ飬õˡ
ĹôϷǫ̂ʣôˣҲ֮ĸĶˡ
ô˺ҿҰӦõģ㲻ҵѡҰѧ֪ʧڼûչ˺ĻָһᱩҵİɣЦ
˵ġ
˽ϣָܹġ
ָ䡭ʵ֮ǰԥҪҪ¿ʼҲһ档ջ˵Ҳ֪ǲǻָˡеʱ򡭡ǻһָ֣Ƶģ˵ǰһĻЩǹͬ飬ֵҲȫӡ󡣿ǡ
ǣ
˵ԵЩΪѣ͸¶Щļѣǡÿôɵʱ򣬶ᷢ֡û
Ҳ֪Ӧʲô̬ȥԴ簡Ҫ˵ڴָ䡭ǲܵġ
ǰ
˰һϣͻῪʼڴﰡ
ԽʧԽ󰡡
Ҫ˵ĻҧҧԼָղڲ﷢һĻҲѧʶΪɡղڲ˵ʱҲһΪʲôǺƺֵĺƽ
ֹǽ죬ǰҲйƵ飬Ҳšûлָ䡣ҧ´вʡ
ҲҪʶΪҲܹ˵ѧȷлָĿܣ磭οŸ˵
ǣ𡣡˫ֽһͷԼĽűߣüͷָ䣬Ǽ𡣡
ؿ˸һۣӷɳߵóһСӣݸգŰɡ
տǸɫСӣ֪װʲôˡ
Կס
һܴǰļҵԿס
Ǹӣȴֲס棬ǲҪڴѧĺۼζȴûѧڵķǸô꣬Ҳһֱû˵㲻ڴѧ㡮ؼҡҿɲšĴ˸գԿףȻһֱ㱣ܡҾãڡǸûʱˡ
СáӦôȥ𣿡ա²˾ġ
Ҿû߲ãҪһ죬ϣѧ֪Ը֪Ȩʱ򣬾ʹȥɡ˫ֽۣϣĳ˵һж뿪ʱһǼҾ߻ƷİڷţûбҲ˶ȥɨڡҪҪѧȥȡԼ
ģֻôࡣ
ҲǿȺָ䣬֪Ҳˡ
ϣһ£ʵһ¡
һúÿµġ֣صĻش˵飬ȷҪúÿұ롭ء
Ȼǰǣ֪ͬʱܵ˺
ΣԸ˵ôҪһȿǵġ
˵أؼҵڣûпſڵıҲûм٣Ҳһ˳ȥ°ɣ
ڲ̫á
ȥˣ
֮ǰ˵ôѧڽֱ߽ǵʱҲˡԼͷ޿κεɳϣڡʲôطɣȻ뷨ӷй
һú̸̸ġ죬ȻһˣҲʱͼú̸̸ˣһΡӦҲһ˰ɡ
ʵ㲻̸ҲУҲǵһξܾˡС̫۶ԼϷġԼ˵ĻˣΪôնԼľܾûһɿڹһɶļûй
ѾŲˡ
ʱһθУִ̫飬ִ̫Ǹˣı֣ô򰡡
ʲô鶼ǿΩ鲻а
ҲûֹֻʾʾԹˣСƫƫԽװɵ˼ȴװͿ
Ҳû취ҲٶԣšǲܴӦģĻҲ
û뵽ǣôһ˼ûй

ԽԽ¡
Űս
ϧǣԴô顣
磬һһȥμѧУ֯УڡաԺʱĿɡ֪ΪãҲԼ鷳˵סܾԼٶЩΡ
㰡Ҳ۶εҡҡͷﻹ²⣬ʲôʱܰʲô¶ĹԼĳëĵöԼΣҲ̫ˣСȻҲ۶ɵǲ˺ԼģؿıǩӦú
ţԸ˰ɡ¶ЩǸ⣬֮ԼĺܱǸ
һšȫҵĴôˣôһôԽء̸ʱҪڳȻ˵żأǿϲ˸ӵʲôģ顭Ҳû¼СͷһһȰڸء
˰ɡһҲԡվã飬˵ĻȽϺʡ
Уҵġòݸվܾ˵
ðɡ
Ǿôˡȥ˯ˣҲϽϴϴ˯ɡ˵ţ˸ǷȻŲ輸Ѿ˵ĿȣһԶĺȥˡ
ڿȶ˵׿ˮƵģ˾͸ûһȫˣ˯š
ţС
ˡߵſڣ뵽ЩʲôƵģѧǸǰδǽг껷ɣ֮ǰһżȻ£ҿڸ̸ܱܿЩʲô֪ҶĻˣ·ʱ̸֡
ңվ־ǲԼ̫࣬껷廹ܹʲô
ԡǸˣڷѧ𣿡Ϊ˱һ顣
Ļ֪ӦûСû
ǾͺáͷϣֻҶˡ㻹עһ°ɣչ˺պѧ㡣
һ仰ûи˵ó껷岻Ʋ磬ֻǡáѣûʵʵ֤ݣҲ˵ȻֻϣһжĴ
õģ֪ˡһעġɫصĵһͷ
СҲǰĵ绰һ͹ҵҵ绰֮˱鶼ˡӵ绰û𣿡üҲܹĸ״ġ
Ȼ鲻٣ʱ򣬸û棬˵ǡûиܵἰһʱüɫʲôģ෴أ쳣ƽ񡭡һǷֿԡνƵġ
ǵһΡվʲôͬˡ
Ϊ֮ǰûʧ
֮Ů˦ˣһ˵˦ˡ
ֱ˼顣
ٰԡͷת䣬ڹϷ֮ǰһ䣬Ҳںġ
ֻʣ¸һ˴ڿ˼
ʵ˵
ںˣ˵һҪ
Ҳûֵ벻ֵãֻԸ벻Ը⡣
ǰһθ鲻Զֻһ˵ĸŬֻǵǰ鰡
Ҳ˵
ֵںˣضӦں
лҪ˵

Ϲһ£
£ֻûз£дһ
ٽһ¡
Ȼ˵һۣÿһҶпа˵ϲո磬л????
Ҳа˵뿴СZСˣСZС㻹õȸ£Ϊ߸պľ黹ûнҪ߿ʼ
뿴СZСİٵȵȣѣ¡
˵һһ¡
һβĻԼȥġ
ԼԸ鷽Ŀһ˼ɡ
֮˵ûֵ벻ֵãֻԸ벻Ը⣬ΪȷԸġ
ЩԹ߿ֵãǵԸ⸶ԸͶ룬Ǹεĵط
ȻĲ˵ĸ鲻ӦͶ롣
ô˵ɣҸ֣Ƕһ黹һˣ֡
ѾˣѾûа취ˣҲٱԼǰһһεˡ
ΪЩ飬ľֻôһͲôһ㣬ҲǸһһεˡ
¶һһΣǲеĻҾͻĸԸķˣźҲˡ
ΪԹˡ
ָоҪȷǿԵʱ򣬣ֵļߣֺͣĸ˾ûںһ
һζһΪã֣Ϊֻһ־ܼ
ǣ֣ԹҲֻǣǣҲ룶̫Զˣҷܹ̹Ȼķ
ҲǺУҸоžɡ
ҾãһĲں㣬һֱԷҲзӦģΪԶвһװ˯ˡ
һ죬ҲΪԷӦ֡
һ˵ģֵںˣضӦں
ϣҶֵܹԼں븶?
ȥ˯Ÿ¡




134 
, Уڻ, ǵҪذһมСմԼķҵС, Ȼץסյ֡
, ֪ǵáղԾһЦ, ǵԼŮͷ
㿪ʼรԳٵС͹Ĺĵ, ǳ֣ء
ձ֤, һźذһȥμУڻ, һٵ絽ء, 𣿡ҲǲԼŮ, ֻСӶϣܹһ㵽ģȵҲ̫á
ţС˵, Ÿյ֣ģСָҪ
˵ѵҪһǧมڶ, סЦ, Ͼ˿ԼŮϵ̫, ̲סЦĻһģǳҲСָסԼŮСָȻĴָԣ³ŵ
, ԰ȥѧ𣿡Сշ죬½ǡ
ţСĵ˵ͷ
ΪС󣬸մûжʧԹÿԼ˵һһˣСҲ൱Լ˵Ļ
߰ɡվǣסԼŮ֣һ߳䣬ͷɢ߳
簡һߴŹǷһ˵Ż˸ƽյϵģȻͬ
Сô簡ٶ˯ճһʱ䣬֮ǰסҵʱĴβ˯Ͳܹ˵ġôô磬̫˼ˡ
ԤԼԺһҪȥSPA˵žͰһо̫ˣҵȥҵתһ飬ôҪҪһ𣿡
šǲˣС˾ͺá̲סҧҧò˵ġȥǡҪСȥѧУѧȻ󻹵ûع˾ϰ죬ֱȥμԼŮУڻˣûʱ䡣
ึˣˣ㻹Ҫϰ࣬⼸춼Ϣء˵û޵ġ
ԡ
ôСҪȥѧͷСһÿˣС
ţСյͷ
С㱧˵Ŷſ˫ۣ͵СͶĻأ⺢ֹҲ˶ϲòˡ
ҡ
Ůӵ屧ģܼӷ
СķɱĻһıС㣬Ϻ㡣
มر˵ԹԵģȥѧɣĩСȥԺóԵġ
ãкóԵģСЦ۽Ƕˡ
ĩϢİɣ컹ҪȥһɣΣͿ˸յС˼ˡ
û⣡һϣˡƣǳˣѧúܡ
ȥȥɣעⰲȫڰ֣ߵȥһˮ
ǣԼŮС¥ȥȡʱ򣬱һա
תͷѭȥ糯߹
ôԵúܾȡ
ΪʲôЦ˵꣬ȥСա
ϰʱ䣬㲻Ӧȥ˾ϰ𡭡
㣬һȥСѧСմкͷվϸյ۾ֲһ䣬˵˳ΪСһ׼ҲԸһչСգһͬеչΡ
㡭۾ͻȻ˵
չҵĳ⡣ӱܣֱŸյ۾ԵĻϣܹһ۾ͿԼĵĻͻ֪ԼԴ֮ĸ飬ж档
̣һȥμյУڻ𡣡ȻСѾ˺籾ˣȻҪȷһץס½ǣ˳ϣܹע⡣
ȻȥץסСյ֣С۾˵һһȥģллСม
ãõ籾˵Ŀ϶شСո˵¶˰˿ݵЦݡ
⡭Сֹһ£һʱ˵ġ֪ԼӦθ룬롭Ǹ˵İɣ١ȷһõĿʼ
㻹ں˼ʲô˵ץס˸յ֣㣬Ҫˣѧɲܳٵ
áŻعں֮£ߵȡ˳
һϳԺ󣬸ȰúԼŮڶͯȫϣű㷢˳ӣȴһֱԼҪһŪò֪ˣ
ȫָָѾԼİȫ
ô𣿰ȫʲô⣿Ϊǰȫˣս˼һ£ûⰡ
ϵ˵Լ뷨
ˣͷӺгȫƹǰϵˡ
֮ľһ̣ܿ
ͻȻԼе㷢죬ΪվںǰҲ֪ǹĻġȵĺԼϡ
һʱ֮䣬ڵͻȻ
ϵϵˡһ£˵ˡ
šлл㣿˵΢΢һЦֻԵͷ׵˸յա
е㲻̫˼ûֱӺ۾ֻԹԵĻصλϣǡˡ
šһЦоһ鶼Ƶġ
ڼ￿ڴߣűӺˮһ˳ֵһſӴӳ﷢뿪һжˡ
Ȼ
ǾãոӦһ𰡣ܹһ̫ˡ
֡
Ȼĸо
ʲôʱģ˺ܾ𣿡̫Ĭձȿ˻硣
ûкܾãֻǴŲµʲôʱţ΢ǰһʱˡ翴ŸյĲشƵᣬ·ϵôöֻһգ۵ʱƵģһЦݣȻСգţԼŮѿÿ
һȥѧУҾȥ˾
㻹Ҫȥ˾ĻԼҪٵ𡣡粻֣յգָռһ̣һ˵УգԼȥ˾Ϳˡ˾͸㳵棬һѧУȥ˾ģ㲻õġ
ţҲáյͷʱҾ͹ȥ㣬һԸ緹ɣȥμյУڻ
ðͿˡϣȴһֱû뿪յ
ܾá
ء
ʱһָоһֱûи߹գáԼԽԽˣһֿͻҪ
֪һڸҲ̲ס˺֮ѰӰ
ÿμҲ֡ζĸо
ΪĹϵ
ƺֲֻѡ
һ
Īʶ
ǰʱûмʵǰм棬ֻǵˣ
ҪһֱעҲǡ
ǣԼΪһ㣬ΪһԹߣһߣš硱עŸա
ָоĺ֡
磿ճź̵ͣ³ͷȥ磬һֱң
ǰǲǼüͷ΢΢Ҳ
һһʱ֮䲻֪Ӧôش
ޡҵ˼˵Դһõ˵սͣӦҲ֪ǰһ󲡣ȻܶǰͲǵˡ˵ʧǰʱǡûм
ôͻȻôʣǿһЦݣԥҪҪֱӸߺ磬ǰʶû
ûʲôֻǡͻȻ뵽ˣ˳һ¡ûϸ˵Ϊʶĸоʵûݡ
š㡭̫ˡտճһֻץץ֣סǰ顭ȥˡ
š̫Ժ󲻻˼ˣġΪڵο˵
ˡջûֱǸ⣬ʱҲǲ԰ɡֻǣһʱ򣬾ͻʶҪӱܡ
ͣ˳ձ³ͺһǣСյ֣һһߣȥ˽ҡ
Ҿͻع˾ָָ˾ĳڵλãԼҪСģ˾˸ҷϢ
һģͱź絽ߣ˳ߵʻĴ߶˾˵壬СЩ
õģһעģС㡣˾ƺ׸ָʲôĵͷ
糯Ÿ֡
յĿһֱ׷ߺ磬ֱʻĵط
ղڡһƵġ
̧֣Լģȫ亹
ΪѾµĹȥȴû뵽ӭһʱԼģȻĿ־塣
ԭͷҲֻǡΪѾˡ
лҪ˵
ȸһ¡
һһ£


135 
ˡ

һûй, 칫ϵļѻɽ, մһļ̧ͷ, ۡʲô˰
, ҵҵǭZȼϱŵļϣǰȥϹ˾֮, ʣµĻûн⣬ĿȻһڹ̽, βĹڽ, Һ֮ǰ˵ĺԼҲҪкĴ, ļˡ
ãû, ҹһͿսӹǭZȼϵļ, ÿһݶϷ˿
ôû˾ˣǭZȼĵ
ûֻΪһ˽ԭѡЦŻش˵
˽ԭû°ɣʶô, ǭZȼ֪պٵ, Լ, ֻҪǺҲϰ, С£һ٣С𣿡
ǰպõúأһæ, ׼ȥѧУμУڻˡ
ΪʲôΪ˽ԭٵģû𣿡ǭZȼе㵣ģΪ˿̵ĸգһ̫õģɫе㷢ס
ûֻҵһѧ⼸òϢңһҪҲܾûԼŹˣ磭ֱˣҲԼϢϢմԵĽһ£֪ǭZȼǹ
˵ǰ˽ڹ˾յ͵İɣǭZȼüһԡ
̧ͷһȻ㶼֪˻Ҹӡ
ٺ٣Ҿ֪ǭZȼ칫ǰĵӣֱϲμʱ㣬һ̽һ£ûֱӳϾˡС˵ˣóں㣬ȻҪԼ˼ûȫסء
Ҹ硭ն˶٣Ǿ̹ףϾֽǰסģǭZȼ֪Ļǻ֪ģҲûбҪһˡ
˵Ǿ̸˼𣿡ǭZȼַڰ칫ϣ°͸ϣԴŸա
Ǹӡ̹ϵĿ϶
Ҿ֪һǻһġǭZȼԴֵĿ϶ֵο
֪ˣ
԰Ϊ̫˰ǭZȼЦЦ
Ȼһֱֱ䵽ǭZȼϣ˵ʲôвζʮ㡣
ҲǸ˼Ҳ˵̫ˡǭZȼ͵šҲԡҲͦ˵ġ
շڸļǩֵıʣ壬ϾĿǭZȼĿޱ飬ո˵ʲô
ǭZȼˣ˼ģ֮ͣ˵Լϲһ飬ʵ̫ˡϲͬʱҲϲһϲ㣬ûбֵ˸˵ˣ𣿡ǭZȼⲻһпҲ֪˵磬ԼԷ㡣
лϲֻͬǡҲûô򵥰Ҳǳ
ʲôóģԺֵһͦõǭZȼΪʲôջǳüչģǰϲˣ˵ǳˣమôõչңⲻһչСգһһˣͥҸô붼ǳɣ
ֻǲ֪һ죬翪ʼȥ飬ҹڹȥʱӦôشźá˵յ˫˼ָӡ
ɶðǭZȼ˵˵ţȸջҪ˷ܺڴĻָ䣬ǶԸջǶǱ˴֮ĸ飬һ
ɡֻǵ˵Ҳָ䡣ˡ
Ǹ㲻㣬ҪԼǭZȼҡҡͷҲĿǲҵĻָ䣬һܸ˵ġ
ֻпЦԼʵǣȷûôֹ۰
ҡһ㣬ǭZȼס
ۺָָ߲䣬ҪղΪָͶϲһ֣ҲΪʧȥʧٰһ㡣
ڸ˵ϲģǺ˰
ûйȥļ䶼ãʲôӶãǺ磬ڸյվǰĺ磬ϲˣһ㣬ûиı
һĺ磬Ϊĸĺ磬ֿĺ磬ʧȥ˼ĺ磬ºְĺ硣
һǺ硣
ģǺȫ
зִͱЦ˵
û£ǭZȼǶһ䣬ô˵ҪҡϵҰﲻʲôæٵͰҲǺõġ
סοĵ˵ͷܸжǭZȼܶôͷΡ
ǡļҲ͵ˣҪҲﵽˣˡǭZȼվ֣Լ·
ǭZȼߺ󣬸ҲͶ뵽֮С
æµ֮Уʱǹúܿ죬һգ۾͵磬ҲӦеĹˣϸĶǩֵļൽһߣʣµļؼҿ
һжֱ֮ӳȥϽӺˡ
һ͡
Ȼ
糿ʣվڲᣬҲûвյֻͶ뵽Ůѵ֮С
ˣһ飬㡣ù֮󣬸ѹĻ
껷塭ûгɧŹ㣿ȻվӦûУΪԷһǾ籾ȷһ±ȽϺá
껷壿е㾪ȣû뵽ջᵽˣǺȻĻشˣûԴҸȡԼԺ󣬾һؼǴԺûٳֹˡ
Ǹʱ򣬳껷廹ƣΪ˺绹Ĺһӣ˵ǲ³껷ĸΪ˰Լ껷ţܵ˺Ͳˡ
û뵽֮󣬳껷˼Ƶģ˶ûӰϢû֮μӵľƻ̻ᣬû껷塣
һ㣬úú֣ҲûȥϾܲ껷壬ҲͦõģΡ
껷壿ղûΪĻشֳһӣΪڳ껷塰ǡĳƺ΢΢ã֮൱졣
ͻȻЦˣȥյıӣ鰡ѵǳԴ𣿡
ôܡգϣԳ껷ƺʱжôͲˬ
𣿿ǡ뷨дม˫ֽϣ°͸ϣᰡΪʲôӶôɰ
оԽԽϲˡ
ϲһĶװ£Ҫĸо˶ůģҸš
ƲƲ죬ȲҲϣɽشĻȴȫУôҲڽԱôǵĳƺ̫ðɡ
ԴŸգС˵Ķԡ
㿪ЦˡɤӣԼһ㣬һգߣпĻҪǵøҡ
Ѳɡ㻹𣿡ΪǳԴ׵Լ껷Լ˻Ź
԰԰𣿡˳ˮۣɴͳˣȻȫԭ򣬵ϡ˽ĵġ
˭ǸˡԺδ壬ء
㰡ǡ綼̲ס²ˡ
ôˣ
ǵģôɰ˵
ղÿɷ
ô˵üͷųһ˿⣬ҲһҪ㡣
ţװƵģ˼ΪҪϵǸ⡣
λôܰǡСաСաġҲø֪ܵĽŮѣҲˬĺ
һʱʵаʾֱӽաͿˣǼƫƫҪСաʱˣҲپˣΪʵǡ̫װˡ
ҲܣԺٽ㡮СաԴϵıûЦݣ˼棬ֻҿԽ㡮СաСաСաСա
ָо
ǰʱ򣬺ôƺġ
Сա
һһɫ
һеһУô
ǹʵлʲô
ǡľʶģȻȻķӦ
ô˵ΪԼȡֻڿЦȻƺΪСաвˬ
֮ǰûнûǸݣҲûǸȥˬڡһˣԼһĵĲãǿԵİɣ
ֻǡû뵽Ҳôɵһˡ
һ죬Ҳû뵽Լôɵһ棬ʶ˸գáһӶܷ֣ԭԼҲﰡ㲻ϲ
Ȼչ˶٣һ䣬Ťĳ˵ϲ
ϲӣ㶼С
ΪʲôӣҶϲ
߰ɣʱҲˡ֣ȥǣ֣ڴǰͿԵյѧУˡ
š۾ŸǣԼֻϡ

ʵС
ǣ
ԤһѧУʱ򣬲ţ㣴
֪ʱ䣬ӦûݣûдţУҲܹһЩҳѾˡ
Żʱ䣬ձźУɢɢ
ѧУУڻܶҪҳμأƵ𣿡类ǣ֣ĸоͬʱҲչ⣬ȴ
ɣʱѧУٰʲôĻ˶֮ģҳμӡ˼һش˵㲻ѧУͶ֮һ㶼û˽𣿡
Ұ粻˼ЦЦͶʵʱûôȻͦϲСӵģҲ׶԰ģϾƽʱСǶҪϿΰݰȻǷѧؼˣûʲôҪʱ˵ֻǸͶ߶Ȼ׶԰ʦʶңϾҲӪѧУ

ţ
ͻȻúܸˣеҵͶ׶԰Ц˵
ΪʲôղĿѯʵ
Ϊ׶԰鰡Ϊʦ֪ʶ㣬ҲͲ֪ͨѧУίɣҾáҿҲĿȥ˸յ˫ۣ۾¶ϲá

ҲעҲ˵أЦЦעǻԷȻԷһ𡣡
ǰһϵġעǷֿˣǻһγһעء
˵öԡ޷ϡ
㿴ſรӦݽ˰ɡָָڵĽҡ
˳źָŵķȥȻûһͿԼŮӰճ֣ա
䣡¶һЦݣԼܹ̣Ҳû©վڸߵĺ硣
ôգ˵˰ɡͷָ˸Сյգһġ
ţϲˣСո˵ıס˺硣
տһĻá
룬εĳ
ӦȴҲûлᷢĳ
ڴ˿̣Ϊʵ
վãܶԺǻǵǰһĻɡ
ģһء
лҪ˵
£
~
һġ
Ҫ˵ݣͷ´˵ɡ
һ˵һ£ϣܹһ¸յĸо
Ϊ߻ұˣľãĲ⣬羿᲻ָ䡣
ԭдϲǺȫ
ȻҲ˵ղ⣬Ͳָ
ֻǸղǵǸСŮˣŲ
ӦģİҲȵ̫ࡣ
Ե˵һ¾ǽ
ʣµһ»˵
ӭһۣţŨq?



136 
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ֻ˫һĿǰĶ, ˼뵽Զĵط
աագץס˸յ, ҡҡ, ͼע
ʲô£ջع, һ֪עź磬⡣
ô˰¶, СߣҲᵣ, С˵, ﷢ǲ岻𣿡
û΢΢һЦ, ҸոաֻǡһЩšϵ
㰡ȻμյУڻ, Ͱѹһ߰, յǰͲҪģʽЩЦã治֪˵ǶԹ渺ִ̫ء
šĵͷ
䣬㲻𣿡Сճ˳Լ½ǡ
, ȻûյͷǣסԼŮС, ˵, ܹμյУڻ, Ǹ˵òء
ҪרĵĲμУڻมСһ˫۾ֱŸյ˫ۣϵıĲˡ
ãӦ㡣ԼŮͷ뿪ʼ, 𣿡
ţʦ˵ȥรСָָϴŵĸĴжλϵͳĶֱͯ
ޣھʼʮӡնкúóԷ˯ϢڶûʲôԵĶĳͣѧУҪҪڴȥԵ㶫
ȻƽնرעԼΪֹϣܹΪһϰߺòĺúӣԼߵʱ򣬿ʱǻᵣûгԱûϢá
ҪҪκζ
䡣СҲѧŸָԼģҲ֣յԴȴִżᶨ˵ղСˣôúչԼมÿѧУкúó緹ģҲкú˯ม
𡣡Щ̿
ţСص˵ͷǳ˵㲻ŵĻȥʦร
֪οЦЦǴ仹Ϊûгأ䲻ԡ
վһԵĺҲ΢ŸպСһһ֡˼ĸо
ĵﻹĪһ˿۵ĸо
ִʹĸоһУһѷСһһµĸţΪʹʱ⧲ظһ
һֱ߹
һˣСգһֱչڡ
һ
ɡ
ûϵ
ΪԼվڸյԣߣһչСա
뵽չüͷ
ھմǼιѧУɡʮأʮӺٻɡ
СգͷѯС˵
ţรС˵ţÿճһֻ֣ȥǣס֣̣߰Ҵ㿴ѧУร
ֻЦЦû˵
ʵΪѧУͶ֮һùһʱι۹ѧУʱиպСյٲιһߣָоǱµƵġ
˵См䣬ֱǣŸո֣Сĸ˵֮ǰյʦ˵Ǹ⣬ôǡաܶСѵļҳģǡ㲢ںԲȥ᣿
ţʲô⣿һʱ֮ûзӦΪעȫԼŮˡ
ԼŮǣŵʱͻȻá񡭡ֳһЩأ̧߱ˡ
ǡһЩԡ˵Сաûиʲôġʵ̫飬Щﲢ٣Ǵ㡭ղȥЩĻôˣȻǰǣԸԼĻ
รǸղĿϺ˫ۣͻȻЦ˵֪ˡ
ţüԡյ˼ǣѾ׼˽İ취𡭡
Ҳൽʱˣôҵķ߻ȥɡһ£ʵ׺˼ϸ˵Щȵʱһжˡ
翴ղûҪش˼ҲֻգšҲֻо˰ɡ
ؼʱΣЩ˺պյġ
صԺСǶصԼλãҳǱȫվڽҺ󷽡
أΪʦлλҳԸԼǰμѧУġաʦ̨˵ſ׵Ŀס
λСأѧУҲǳĹԣǳΪһεġաλСҲ˶ࡣʦָָҺ󷽣ĺڰ϶ǸλСΪμҳǵĵ׼ƷΪ˷λҳǲιۣѾȫڰϽչ
أλСǣжɣʦָλϵСǱӿĳóȫܵ󷽼ҳڵλãеƷԼļҳǡ
ŸλҳҲԿԼĺнӹƷвͬЩǸλСԼģÿһƷûоʦУָģȫǳںԼͷḻģλҳǵʦ͵
յͷ˿ԼӹĶһţˡҲС͸ġһ
͸ûϸϾڳûôʱ䣬Ҳϸµȥое
أӭλҳԼСѵĴ£ʼڽҵĺ󷽺ڰϣвιۡʦ˶٣֮ǰأһλСѵĸأң˵һҪ˵
̨еߣе˽̨֮ϡ
ƣĸףŮʿ̫̫
̨һƬȻ
ϾԵĿʼλ̫̫ġ
Ůʿ
ƣ裿
λ̫̫𣿡
ӲѾѧ𣿡
ôģ
ոڵ𣿡
һãȻĵһֱȥԵĸգȴֻϵıʮȻ
Һáλ̫̫һ̨Ϲε飬ŴҶҺ̫̫ͣĶӣҲİǰã༶еһԱĸ׵ģﲻԵʣһλСѣһλλСѵĸ˺͹ҺܱǸ
̨µһּҳﶼŶ˵˭
е˲Ŀ۽ǵȥգղᣬֻȻĿλ̨ϵ̫̫ؽС§Լࡣ
ΪǵĳΪһͨˣҶӦùԴԼʵۣΪλС͸СţվҲϣܹҵĶ۸СǲԵģͬͬѧԲѷǴشΪԼΪӵĸףȴûмʱ棬ԴҸеĺܱǸ̫̫˵ͷ̨¾һ
깪Ժλ̫̫ҲԼĶӣ̨¸պ͸ڵλãϿҵ˵һ䣬Բ𡣡
˼ΪҸ˵ԭôʱ䡣̧̫̫ͷԵʦ˵ֶ̨µķ˵ϣҲλҳţǵʱܱǸ
ûйϵģ̫̫ԸΪʦҲοʦֻܴԲ˵
ôҾȸˡ̫̫˵ţŶһת뿪
ոŮʿǰңϣһҪܹԸ̫̫͸СǸУڶ̫̫֮ǰӰ쿼ǣͬˡʦһڼҳ͵
ôӭλҳιۣҪ˽СѧУļҳҲӭۡ
鵽һ䡣
ָֻ֮ǰӡ
ҲûЩŴ̽ʵĿڸպСյϡ
ˣ֮ǰ˵Ǿ仰˼
֮ҪôҪλ̫̫ŶӳԵյǸԭ
һȷΪԼԵĲۣĵĵǸ
ǸˣǼĸ𣬶պ͸նܺߡ
Ǿ档
һѾѧУѧ˵ĺӣȴȻĸ״ǰѧУΪ֮ǰԼĲ۵ǸټϼҳʹùԴǣ£λ̫̫ԸǸģǡʹһֶҪġ
ܹʹֶҪˣݱضͣҲһһ͵λ
ϾѧУĺӵĸĸ඼ǾӢͥλ̫̫ԼݵλҲܹͣˣֻǸ
ڳмҳءһ㡣
Ҳ˵Ȼղŵλ̫̫ѾԵ˳壬Ҳǻ˲̫̫ĳ壬ԡ಻ţԵֻн
Ǳ۶ˡ
ΪСǰ̸۵ĻСȥһпٷһ飬Լ㡭Ҫ̸Ļ⣬Ҳֻ˽һӵĸĸ֮˽̸ۣԵļҳҳ֮䶼޷̸Ļ⣬򣬾ֻԡ
ǣһɡ
ԣսڽ졣
ڸղţôģļƻɡ
Ŀһ۸գû뵽㡭
ҡʲôֻרĵĿźڰԼŮƷûвĿȥ硣
ֻû뵽ƻô
ûаɡֻǵ˵ҵĿģһʼֻвܵ˺ѡʱתͷ˵ܵ˺İ취ǣԣԶʧ
ǣҲֻܹ֤ᴫյĶ𣿡
Ѿ㹻ˡյϴŲмҸͲôңֻôңЩҶνֻҪЩᴫյĶ˺͹ˡ
Ҳףסһ˵죬˵죬Ǹ˵죬һٸ˵أ
Ͽûܲ͸ǽ
ǣûйϵ
ֻҪ֤Щ͵˲Ѻ˵˵˵㹻ˡ
ǡҵĻҲҪ˺㡣ͻȻ˵
ճĬ˺һŵοҲ˵Ҳôһ߿ңΪ֮ˣͳͳǡˡ
տź۾עüʱ䣬ŴյĶߣС˵ԣֻҪ۾һֱעңһֱ˵˵͹ˡֻҪңϲңҾͻܸˡ
šصĵһͷһǲ˺ġա
һ䣬¶Цݣ۽ǶЦˡ
˵㡭ôİѧ˵ˣܹһǸڸʹʲôֶΣǺܺġ
޷Ǿǡλ̫̫һЩѱ϶ѡմܵ˺𣬾ȡ֤λҪĶˣҲûдЩѱֻҪĿĴﵽˣЩ˵ͺ塣
ңЩǻɫشĶȻѾԼҪһϷôҲûбҪϾɱ
˵ˡ
ǵĵǸոм
˵ˣĿֻǲԼŮܵ˺ѡ
Ϊյ䣬һ𣬾µԡ
лҪ˵
ӡ
Ҹǣ
úðѸġ
ҶŬµġ
šոտһ£û٣ԽҪˡ
е࣬ҡˡ
ʵҪָΪ˧֮Ҳ֪ûкúõı
ϣܹðȸܵҪյּᶨ˧Ӵ(ޣգ)~٣
֮ǰļ£һٽˡ
Լ죡
Ȼǿĸ밮ȿڣ
ôôգţ
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137 
ڸյĴ֮, ոһڽҺչʾϵƷ
ۿչʱԺ, ʦְռƻ, ڽ֮֯ĻϷ, ѻճ߳
ÿλҳյУһݵļƷԽ
ǣԼŮ, ϳڶͯȫú, ָϵ˰ȫ, ʻû, Сձ˯ˡ
ӺӾע⵽ˣСյ˯, ЦСԸ˵, սۻˡ
šϷʱСĺܾҲͶ룬Ҳܿġ
Ҳǡ, ڿĸյĲһЦ, ٿЦݡ
ţʲôЦݣֱֻǰ·, רĵĿų, ʵҲһƣȽƽ
šǡЦСƵģһҲƽġҸоǸЦݣҺûмʵʵ˵һûн
ǡڿոС֮以ʱ, ԼһַΧеʶ֪ǲΪҲܸ̫еԭһ̡ЦӣƺԺ֮гֹ
ǡ
粻ȷǸЦʲôʱֹģڵµһ
ǡǰ
СƵģͣ٣漴򴽣ɵЦ˵Ǹʱҵӡ𣿡
ǡȻķϣš˵ĸоҵ˼ǡһ̵㣬ʵ

šȷһݵĻ˵һ̵㡭ʵҮҧҧͻȻо˿̵ԼЩ룬Լ֮е˼ָ˵ĸоһ롭ǺԼĿƣǲ㱾Ҳ˵
ӡһЦҪټ⣬ֻƫͷź˵Ҳɡ
ǸСгԵġս˻⣬ˣһȥ꿾ԺеҪ뿪һ£չһ𣿡
ȻûⰡһڱӦҪȥﰡ
һ飬Ҫȥһ¡ҪҪߺ磬Ҫȥ̸̸
£
ûлشֻŴڳһ޹ı顣
˽ˡðɣȻǸСйص𣬻Ǽ
̸̸վ̹һ㣬Ͼողһ𣬡ϿʼҸ绰Ϣûлظԡһ㵣״ô˵ȻյȷԼ˼һú̸̸ѹûյԼȷĻظʵϣҲ֪׻᲻ḰԼ
Ȼ˵һѼȥˡ
ˣôתߣƽǰȥյȻܺÿʱȥĻһ̲סԭͬġ
ûûУСҲڵġոϽ͵ֻȥ˵ѡ⡭һ飬ʿһ飬ĻȻ˲һ˵ܻбˣĻñ֪𣿡
ղûб˼νҪеĻҲʲôģϾͲСˣڵͣԣҪ̸֡һҪѸ¡ʽС
ңڵǣҲδܹİ鹫֮ڡ
ϾݻЩУȻ˫ͬһ˾Ҳǰ칫飬ô˵ءڵĹ˾Ŀǰкϵֵ̫ԵĻܻⲻЩġ
ȫףܻһЩôõġ
տԲ⣬δء
ڵĺ磬ǰĺ硭ǻвһĵطϵθˣĵλҲǰѧʱʱȫͬνҲҪΪ翼ǡ
Ĭ㼸ʱ䣬Ż˵˵Ļգ𡣡
ᡣռᶨظ˺شŤԽʱԽҪᶨҴҲܹĹǡ֮ݵȷȽУڹϵȷҪӣ㲻õģҲġ
šȻĻش𣬺ȷһĸо֪ΪΡĪֶһ˿ʧأû뵽ջشôɴܾ࣬áܹһ㲻ĻԼһЩء
ȻܹĽܱǸ
Ļ˵ģûйϵֻǲ빫˽֣˻òһĿ⿴͸֮ĸʲôģֻĿǰ˫֮ںϵǾͱضǣĽʼղ̫á
ã֪ˡձʾˣű㲻ټչ⡣
ȻһԵĺȴеζûסĿʵġ𡭡
ʲôܹ𣿡
š
ⰡպĻش˵ֲСӣѧʱ̸СŮ˵ҲҪ빫ǵĹϵܹðȫа˵һ䣬úĶĻҪֻУκʱκ£κǰ㶼ǵã㡭磬ҸյŮѡֻҪʱǵͿˡ
һ˲䣬óϣһ֡һеĸо
˵ǣǳ˵ء
˵Ǹնеʽء
ǿԡǡôĴء
𣿡ճźͣʱ򣬲ͷϺ۾΢΢һЦ
ţ
оó̸ӡǺķθ֮԰Է˯һࡣ

ôܰ

һ˿Ÿյ˵ģŸյ˫ۣҪƵģĿ
һ仰˵
֪ǶԸ˵˵Լ
ΪĲȷ

㲢óĻ
ȴΪΡ
ܹһ۾ͿеĹǣ˽еϰߣ˵ڵĻܹ򵥶Ѹٵģֱҵķ
㾿˭ء
ΪʲôϤ
ǡûм˴
ûеĻ
ǡΪʲôô
㡭ǣ
˿̣ƣ̵ơ
磿ע⵽ͻȻͿʼĺ磬ʶȥץס֡
֡֡֡ͣڸճ󷽿ˣѾ͵İȡ
ѵͻȻһУж˺˼
磬磿˿󷽴ֻɵǳĺ硣
㡭˭ֻСһ仰ԼƵġ
֡֡֡ѵԽԽ
ʲôûͦ˵ʲôô˰ֻץס֣塣
գͫ׽Сԭն״̬ҵŵĵطա
Ǹաôˣոʲôôˣ϶˼ֵǵ飬岻
ǡڻعֻ뵽һЩ飬һ񡣡
ǡ
㡭˭
ѹֻЩ죬Ϊʲôءôһˡ
˭ء
ͻȻ
벻ˡ
һ㶼벻ˡ
ȷûʲô𣿡ջǲģҪҪڴȥҽԺ
̣ôСҲ˹ղһѵ˱ǳߵ
ûมСһЦݣֶԸ˵ûǰԭ·ߣȥԷ
üͷ
ҪüͷˣôÿüͷͱƵĿЦ˵㿪˶ڴˣ㣬ȥԿɣնҲˣҪȥԿ˰ɣ
ţСյͷһ磬Ӷˡ
û취̷ֻӣ̵ٱɺ֮ǰʻ·ڡ
ʮӺ
һ˲Ժ󣬸ȥԼϲԵĶϲʼ⡣
϶翴СչɳԶģڽС͸Լһ
ʵһ̺ǺģȻҲǳжˣǾЩ֣СվȻҲ׼ء
ѵ˵ǡ
ΪСպϲԼ
˵֮ǰʱС˵ԼһҪȥμѧУĻô˵ǷǺ֮ǰ׼˰ɣ
ͻȻʿء
СԼԭ
ˣաѪ붼ûͿˡ
С˽һ̧ͷҲৡһ½Ͷŵϡ
עţȴЩʲˡ
оúߡ
ʲô¡С滹ڳŶ˵Щڳݲ塣
šûС̧һŷСպ͸˳ԶӼֱһģһۣմˡĨȥСմĽ֭˿ûнģĨȥ֭Ĵָŵߣһ¡
зз̡СòĵлűͷԶˡ
ǣ˵أ㲻Ҳ𡣡տź磬¶Цݡ
ţ΢΢ƫƫͷŸЦģЩԡ
㰡Ҳ֣ôĴָĨȥ˺մϵĽ֭ѧźոһԼĴָҲŵߣһ¡
粻ͬǣЦⷬе٩ζ˵൱ˡ
Ĭ˵ҲʼȣղŶСʱȫʲôⰡһȫǳֱ˼һһ̡оԼĳĸƵġ
Сվ񡭡ԼĺӣԷմŽ֭ôˡ
ɴ˿̣ѧԼһԼϡֵ٩ǹ˺𡭡
иչ񡭡
ֻõͷſϵ⣬š
ôôð
ˣ԰ɡЦǾӣĪ˺ܶࡣ
ղźһԼյ񡭡
˵ȻѪԵô
ǣô˵ദԽԽǢǸշǳ⿴Ľ
һͱһܰķΧ֮н
ǡھ뿪һӣһ¸꣬ͻġտ˿ʱ䣬Ҳ쵽ԼʱˣҸԼڸĿʲôʹ绰ҡ˵ֶ˶٣֮дŵ٩˵ߡ㲻ĵĻֱӹҲԡ
ûСʸڷϵһ̳ġȻ˵Ļпȥһ俧Ⱥȿʲôģ͵ͺ
Ȼ⻰ûи˵
ϲôáںķϣղЦЦԼŮգգҪ뿪һСȥ飬һͻģʱóԵĵ⣬ʱȸذ̡һĴ䣬𣿡ûסڡƺĵطͣһ¡
һ㡭ѿڶ˵ǡ衱ˡ
ţСյͷҪร
֪ԼŮͷ֣תķȥ
ԶˣԵСգôĴȥɣȥأЦ⣬ٸСյiǳ˵ǵһ֪ΪΣرϲСյ˵ǳ𡭡оرɰˣҼǵ̳иרṩСȥ𣿡
̡СտźЦ˵Щʲôȴֹ㡭
ţȥﶼมΪǲ˼ϾСպٶûиڵĻСӻеڣûϵ˵ʲô˵Ϳˡ
šǡСͣ˵ȥ˵ǸΡΡ
̳𣿡
ţСյͷ
ãΪ˱СֻΪԼô˵绹ϣԼһɵ״̬ദ˵ҪȥĵطҲԵร
ûϵȥ˵ĵطͿˡ
ã̴ȥǣСյ֣̳߹ȥ
Ժ󣬲ŷС治٣඼̳ĲԺ󣬴Сļҳǡ
罻˷ѣСһЬ߽кܶʩеĿǿúӸҳһġ
գʲôأ
ջһܣǣźߵһߵĻľʼѻľ
һ⣬ΪСյԸȻܹɣҲǻãΪСջѡӴ̼߻磭ǿʩģû뵽ȥѻľľˡ
Ҫʲôأ
ӡСջشĺֻܼ࣬רעֱߵĻľ
粻֪Сչ˼ķʲôӣҲóȻְֻߣרĵԼѻľ
Сдҵʱ߹֮⣬ٿ¶е㲻̫͵СƵġ
ҡ緢ǰӡü֮䡭ĪϤС
ʶĸоô˵ءĵĪһ֡У
˵ǡɾ͸У
Լĺһ
Լġ
աΪʲôҪѷأŸСս
Ϊ軹סһ𡣡
軹䣿˶٣ԼķʽȥС仰˼˵ϵĸ𣿡
ûеȵСջش𣬺˵Ժ̺ջյһסĻա𣿡
š̵˼˵һһһ𣬾ǡͰְһϲͰһ𣿡ղܹ˼Լ򵥵ķʽŽ˵
ţϲม
𡣡ü۶Цˡ
šõСոӿ϶Ļش
˵ʱҲи׼ءһһȻûϸоҲдԵĿ̺ϲ͵һมտɲԸ̣߰Ϊʲô뵽Ҳ׼һأ
СյעһֱǰĻľϣһ߶ѻľһ˼˵ϲ̡
յ仰ں˵ָоǰһСӽˮˮͻȻըһ㣬ҵĻѧӦ϶ıըһ˲䡭·ҹͻȻը̻Ĵܡ
ҲϲมһģСյСŶǣôôɰĺأʵ̫˻ˡ
̡ʱСͻȻͣеĶգֻ۾źһ
ţãչЦҲСա
ذ̣㡭ҵ𣿡
һ̣ʲôԺ֮ըѿ
һ˲ŷ
û˼ûͷ
ͻȻͿա
һе˼ֹͣˡ
лҪ˵
̫ˣ¡
һЩϣ
һһСӴ
ʾҺڴҿһµĸӴޣգޣΡ٣
һһ


138 
ոԼõһҿ, ̳, Ծ벢Զ, ֻղ绹һԷĲѡ
ںܶ෽Ŀ, žѿͶͬһ̳ڡ
ȻûгһͬǰϾҲ, ˵ûбҪСҲǣҡڵĻ, Щ, Ŷûа취ú˵ɡ
ټϡ
İѺ, úΧ̸Ӧ޷ܵġҲԵò̫Ǽĸܡ
ⲻǸҪĽ

ղû˵, 粻Գ֡
֪̸ݵĻ, ԼǳںʶǸյҪ
пǵҲĬķ, ԡŻѿͶ̳ڣѿλö˺硣
ں᲻, ǾɺԼˡ
֮, Ȼղ, ѡ͵Ļղ⡣
Լʱ䣬ʮӵʱ䵽˿Ҳǰ˽λãϾҲ, ҸελñȽϰȫҲȽ졣
ڶõλ֮һѶϢԼѾԼõĵط
ѶϢշȥûжãյĻţҸյ̳ͣóϾ͹
˴ӣīͰñװԼʮֵĸ߸Ь˽λɢҲ˽˸Աߵλá
С㡣̧ͷֻһˣô
ûҵҸ绰ˡ£˵һ̸̸飬Ҳڵ绰˵ˣûȷ˵һֻ˵֪ˡ
ȻҲûйûϵҾһβУ´κˡ
Ҳġο˵СӽҲĻҿɸûꡣ
ãС㣬ǵ곤ϣϲԱſȣķǰ˵λŮʿĵ곤˵Ҳһˡ
ޣ̫лˡû뵽Լô˻ܱϳóʽЦݣ̶ȿĹ棬֪ûҿԸ곤һϸӰأ
Ȼ֪ͨ곤ԱСǵһμˣҲ˵òˣ˷ܵĻصǰ̨
ûһ곤ŸղŵĵԱСһˣãһֱǳǳϲĵӰӾҶпݼ̫ˡ곤һֱ㿪ʼס
лл֧֡òˣղˡ
곤óõԱСգ˸ƣԺ곤֣ʾл
ллϣԺͣһ֧ģ곤뿪֮ǰ١סһ
ллٴεлҲ˵Һǣգģϣ㲻Ҫš
ס곤ʾ⣬漴Ը˵ԱҪ
С㣬մĹˡնԼǰһȣĸһԸʵ롣ߵӵߡ
ôһ·ءҲǳ˲ٵĿ࣬ŵнĳɾλ
ĵΪе뽾
ʲôڵ٩𡣡ЦͷԼǰһȣűۣ˺ܾúܾǰ飬Ұǵѧֵ֧ĻҲķԣֱӰѧԺˡ
ֻЦЦ˵˭֪С㡭ܹнĳɾͣҲǿԼһ·ĸŬ֪Ļұ֤һǳ˵ģ˵ףʱ򻹻ЦЦžͿ޳ˡ
˵ѧǸˡȻܼǿЩ浹ĸУ磭ءҲЦˣ˵ŵġǻǸˡ
ɵվŸﰡҲ¡վǰһļ˹绰㲻ӣϢ㲻ء
ֻһԲޱߵǰ¡
ѧ㡣նҡҡͷʾ˵ˣ֪ΪãûʲôƢҲ֮顣
գˣоЩأͻһ
ûеõӦ
յҲ⣬ֻǽ˵ȥˣôҲ˵һһҸС㶼ܵ㡣
û˵ֻǿż
֪ǲǴ첻עˣЩ㲣Ϻģһ㶼ƽһ˿硣
ңЦЦС㡭ӦûǸйŶ԰ɡ֮ǰ˰ʾ
ն˼֪ڰָԼѾһ˵飬ǸӡҵѣҵȻᵣ㡣
ѣЦ˵ҲֻѡܾңҲľѵλöãɵͷİҵô
ҵȻСյı棬شҲ档
һΪʲôңܾûϵҿԽܾңҲһҪǿһˣҲǡȻһĶΪʲôң£㿴ұڹﻹƤ׷㣬ܸ𣿡üͷĻһԶĶ˵˿ڡ
ѡһǸ˲˵ⱾǸոѡȨûʸҡ
ǣȻڽĶΪʲô
ѵڹˣ˼
֪ڽĶͲ᲻֪˻Ƥˡ
֪ʲô֮Ӧʿɶֹ־롣
ɸյеѿͲΡ
ҺܱǸáڱˣĸоպܳϿҵĵǸûдãԼ⣬Բ𡣡
ǣһҪ˵ҾûҪڹ˼Ӳˣ㡣վͼ͵һЩϣüеܣһ𡭡Ǹ⡣ʵϣҸϲŸոһġǡ㿴һ̣ǡžҪһ𡣡
ԵĻϣܹԼ˺֪ͣڸ˵ʲôܶ޷½⣬ĵϣ֪ʶһһֱ㿴ҪõѣôʵûиıҾԲʲôҪƭ˼
ŸճϿҵģʼѡĬ
ĺܱǸ΢΢ͷĵǸ
ֻ
ûõԼҲ˿̵ͷĸա
ղڽĶղˣ
ɴ˿̣յͷֿĵǸҲûȵԼȻҪϲŮӶԼǸ
ƣҳȥ͸͸û˵ܸյĵǸҲûԭԭµĻ⣬ֻһ仰뿪ˡ
տ뿪ķε̾һ
̾ˣȻǸˣҲǲ˵ȻѾŸһ𣬲ҪģôҲܾõģԼһ߽ͬԼԼȥһʱ䣬ͨ˾ͺˡ
ټϣΣʧˡ
˫شȻôͻ
ʱþһ㣬ͻˡɵЦŸ˵ָļ˵ʱ򰡣ͷԭʧ̬ء
ǡЦЦͻȻ˵úеΪˣһֱǸʿϣ˰ɡֻǲ˺
˾ҪʧŻɳ˵
Ŵûٽӻֻϣü˵ʱܹչȥ
һУܹµĿʼ
лҪ˵


ҽһӴ

밮ӴȻ͡Ƕã
ҿҪܵģ
Ȼҵģ͸Ҫˣ
Ϊܹ㣡?
˵һһ¡ľǸʿ˼佱
ǸзȵˣȻͷ˵е
ʵǺܺõģʼû˵˺ջ߷̸յĻ
̸к˵Ϊ֮⣬ҲǲΪԼ˵ֵܹĻ˺ա
ܺõϣѣ

졭š¡
һµΪҪȥ£ȥĻͻա
Ҫȥϴǣ
ϴǵ㽫˭ްɣţŨq?


139 
ô, ׼ȥĶ, һ, ǡ˶, ֿ̧һʱ䣬Ҫطĩ, ż٣ѧУҲż, ã
ǲˡ, Ǿܾ, ʱҲˣһǻؼҺˡ
ѵǲİշڼڰɡҡҡͷ, Ӷ˰̴Ҳͦõİ, ôԣҲҪһʮСʱ߰ɣΪŮŮū벻Ů
˵첻ѧУСաĻ, һȥԺڸ˷ڡڰҴա
ޡȻĵͷ, 㻹ʲôĲµİ, ѧ, վ͸ʲô˰ô˵Ҳôյ谡ܲڰôɡȻڲǵþˡҲãʧ˻Ӱ쵽Сյ̬ʲôġ
ҲǷĲҲ˵ΪʲôȻǲúȥչ, ֻǡܾãԼߵĻͻĪĵĸоҲΪԼǵߣе
ʲôüѧڲǵˣԡѵǸӦöһЩʱ䣬ദ顭ҲĻûָ䣬СյദҲøǢѵһٺò
١ôõ
ô˵ûյͷ˵Ļʾͬʵ˼Ҳףֻǡ
ҲǷĲ¡
Ѿ벻ˡ
һ˷ֿͻ˼ġ
һڰ
ڡòףʼر
᲻˰ɣͻȻЦСɰͲ˵ˣϾһдŮءѧ㡭˵ڸһҲڡڡ˰ɣ˵ڡֵʱʵûסЦ
Ͼʱݸոʵ̫˰
ιС㡭ͱ٩˺ôǵģ˵ˣԸ޷Կصĺ
һˣ롰ڡʲôģ˺ߵĺ
˰㣬ﲻ֪࿪أдˡ٩ȥɣҲؾƵ
ƵꣿС㲻һȥôղԣȥȻ͸һؼң㲻һô
ôûôʵ㶼ѧˣһ˼סôѵռŮ˵ͷѧһô
˵Ժҡҡͷ㰡˵㶼ѧôҲ̸ôʱôͻȻͱôˣѵ㿴ѧҳҺܰôҪ˵϶뿪ȻعŮ֮λ
𡭡Ժ֮пٻ֮ǰַӦšҾáڰɣûôСġ˵ﻰΪáԺͣЩʱСŮ뷨ɡ
Ҫ˵ǰĻǸջŵģڡ綼ʮˣǿǳŮ˰
㣬Ű̲ס
ǰ뿴ʮͣôܻ뷨վԼ뷨൱е
ǸŮ𡣡֮䲻Ըı֮飬㲻֪Ů˵Сǲʱ䳡ʹС𡣶ҡѧռء飬ɵڶǵء
˵ˣʮôͲСأ˭˵ʮŮ˾Ӧô˵ġڸͷ൱֮ԱǣĶǿǴɰתһ룬ͻȻԸζһЦʮ갡ǿǡƻͰ
˲ˣ֪ԼΪʲô붮ģ
ǣڴ֮ͥ£ৡһ¾ͺˣ񿪹һѪС㡭ǹˣ
ôˣҲѧüӦѧͣԼѧĽû̸ˣå˵ִյյĶС˵˾䣬ȻѧŮ˵ݣҲӦøѧʹΪŮ˵Ȩ
Ȩ
԰
йȨ
ֻԼö䷢飬ȫƤ񣬸оҪǰ̧ͷˣûô
ģóΪӰʵݼװһҲŲšı顣
ģ
ҡ˸ۣʲôѧ֮ǰһôЩ꣬ӦѾܴ˰ɣԾͲҪҸ㡮ѧϰϡʲôİɡ
۰̲סгסû˵껰һҪ˵죬֮ͥµģΧ˵£ô˼ɵĺ
ôҲǽ֪ŵˣȫŮ񰡡ѧ㶼˼Լ𡭡ռѵ¶仰Ѿˡ
ͷ˿ԱֻһһŵȫıڣĶ˰û˰
֮ûô롣ҡҲЩʱŸոһ𣬶ڵĺ˵ȫܹǹȥɡ
Ͳܹ̾һԼһ𣿡
һ˲䣬ֻãԼɥʧ֯Ե޷Ӧ÷Ҳˡ
˵һҲóء
һֱúɰ
ķ𡣡ĳ˵飬òӦ֪ǡ㺦֪
ǰĿһڣ˺һſ˵ҡûС
ڵ飬ѡûд˵ûжԴ֮֡ŸͻȻ˶һʹģü˵֪ĻҲģҡ
С㡣մҪ˵ȥĻնڲЩ
㰡̫ࡣεҡҡͷϣѧܹĻܹһƴˡ
ֻǲ˼ЦЦҲû˵ղŵĻ⡣
ʱˣ㲻ҪôؼȥɣҲؾƵˡ˰֣ȻղղŵĻ⣬ôҲ𣬡Ҷã5022û¶ԴҴס֮ܶ͸ûȥˡ
šյͷС뿪֮ǰһԸɣĻҲϡ
˰㣬ҿɲ뵱ݣҡڵѧ㣬۾ǵҾܹɱˡ٩ǣЦģѧô˵뿪֮ǰ֪ͨģʱһԷɡ
ãվҾˣС㲻һô

ãؾƵ֮ǵøҷϢҡҡеֻһȥSPA԰ɣǸʱ䡫һһȥģ
ã߰ɣŮūûסַ˸ۡ
ƲƲ죬ת뿪ˡ
͸ԱߵĲ뿪ĸգﲻ̶˼ֵǡ
һֱΪѾ˹ȥ飬ȴû뵽ֻһֱӱܶѡ
ıտڲԣΪҪ¿ʼǡԴڿ־ô
֪Ļۺ֮⡭ôܻȥأ
Ϊǡమ˰
лҪ˵
ǡ
ҿۡ
ǡ
ɪɪλ
ҡ¡滹һء
졭죡и¡
ȱʺǡ


140 
, ô뿪ûԶ, Ϳ˺ǣԼŮԼڵķ˹, һ绰ء
, Ҵȥ̳˻, ʱҲˣŴչ, ߽ûС˵
šҪûнĻ, Ϳ˳µԱ͵, ˼𣿡շǳƽ⡱˵˽ȥһ仰
㡭һ죬һ˿Ρ
ҿЦջ˵, ֻҪº, ﵽĿľͺˣûбҪٹΪ
գ𣿡΢΢, ʹյԼŮĶߣһ¡
, , , ҪؼҡС۾ȻסԼ
ãھͻؼҡձԼŮſԼļϡ
翴ŸղŵһĻĬû˵
漴, һ˵ȥ˵ͣ
˳ʱСѾſڸյļ˯ˣշһ㣬СĵİڳĶͯȫϣϸĵظƣܹ˯һȻŸϵ˰ȫ
һ·ϳڶֻгĬ
һóڵղ̫ãĪľáһֵֹĸо
˼Ҫ鷳İչաȻվòӦ˵ϾҲյ裬ں֪֮£лıҪ
ҡ
ҲҪ֪ղźദΡ
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еžͺáҲ΢΢һЦʼذԼλðһ˽ˡλϡ
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Ǵӹȥټһ
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ԼΪڡλϡ
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ΪˡˡˣǺҲ˵
ôĿŸգ۾գĶŸյ˫ۣ˫֮УԼ
ǣȴʲôû˵ֻһš
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ûа΢ҡҡͷֻǾãӦרĿԲû˵
򴽣ûжԴ˷ʲôֻ˵Ҳ˰ɣϢһɡԺҽ㡣
š˵ͷͷڸʻαϣ˫۵Ծɷڸյһϣֱղͷȥרע·ϣû˵
ڣ»ָ˳Ĭ
绺ر۾
ʮǰ
ذ̣㡭ҵ𣿡
Ĵ֮ڣͻȻһƬհס
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˵Ժ󱦱Ҫʲôֺأ
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ҲǰǱ䣡

۰۰۰

ذ̣㡭ҵ𣿡
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ΪǸյŮԡһ˫۾Ŀ⣬հɡ
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˼ո˵ʲôϴǸ⣬Ǹ˵Բ𰡣̸ոաЩ񡣡
ţûϵСҡҡͷֻ˵̣û𣿲ĻҪ绰รջһȥҽԺҽġ
ллչมһ䣬ͷСյĶͷһǣ⺢ĺܹأҲδ̫һЩúϲòˣûոֻǡһЩ飬Գˣû岻รԲø绰
šСյͷȻ˵û£ǾӦáû˰ɡ
ˣո˵ʲôһ˫۾Сյ
Сȴû˵ֻһֱźһ
ĬشʵĻģֻгĬ
ţüڴĿ⡣
ûʲôСȴûٶ˵ʲô
գգ۾ŸòΪԼոճûС˵˰ɣ
ϾոյΪȷ̫ò
Żһ¸ղŵ飬С˵ʲô衱ɣ
裿
˵
ղš
̧ͷܿһȦǡûпСڿޡ
СӤĿ
ĺӲĵطĸӤҡȻԱߣȥĸӤұſԣСӤܴôԶɡ
Լ

ǡþ
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ذ̡
ţСյ½ƻСյϡ
ذ̡Ժһסһ𣿡СС죬Сʵ
Ӧλشźã˺ӣϣᣬš֮ǰ̲ҲסڹյļЩվáһദÿ𣿡
ţܿģСصص˵ͷ
վøסһܿģϣ̸ջһĻǰ̾͸һס𣿡ûСյ˼ȽϺãѡȨǰСԸ⡭ϣԼһסĻô統Ȼ⡣
СղԸĻôҲԸСյ˼ϾҲϣΪѡ
Ը⣡Сո˺϶Ļش
𣿡ĻشҲܿģü۶ЦˣǡԺ͸ջյһס
ţ

ȡϨ
۾
𣿡
šע⵽۾˹
ţȥŵıԼŮӸյùԿף˳ӣһ˸յļ
սСձ˷䣬Ǻ˱ӣžĵ˳˷š
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򳵡ҲС
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ҸС˯һ𣿣ɴ۾
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Ҳ
ֻΪĹ̫̫࣬۵Ĺϵɣ
Ҳ
ЩǴѰɣ
ΪΣЩоʵء
ЩڶߵĶԻеϤ
ģֻǴ
лҪ˵
ڶ˫ַ?
ûĻССZĲ֡
˵һ£˵Եеðɡ
ͦ˵Լд˭˭˭µġ
ֻддĶѡ
ʵѡдģһʼϣڴѧʱЩܹʵԼ
ԼҪڴѧ̫Ƿϡ
Ȼϲдģϲдĵĸо
ҲϣԼı´ĽɫܹԼĹҸ
ֳɾ͸кܰ
˵ϲƪģϲĸɫĶԣãС
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Һܸмϲƪĵÿһˡ
Ҳллһ·ÿһˣǶСʹţ
˵귢ֺеƫǡ
֮ǽ˵̫̫࣬಻̫
ҲѸǡ
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141 
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⸱ģټԷ̲ס̾ӡеļ, һɵģ, ҲܰԼøʮ߰Ůһ, ȴԽԽˡ
ҹȥˡûа취, Էܷܲμһ˲, ҡʵҲе£һҪ벻ڶĻɾͲ̫ÿ, ôҲҵοҦͮĸĸҲ, ҪǱǲʲô, ҦͮҲ̫á
, ȥﰡǭZȼϽסԷ㣬Ҫһ˶ˣ£ҪοҲֲȥšʵʱԷȥȷпԭģǭZȼҲܹ, ǡǲҪԷȥ
ѾףѹͲϲԷ㣬ɻǰӰ̫󣬸޷ĵӰڡֻҪԷ˵ദԷ龰;ȫë
ǾӦûš
ʱ򡭡֮⣬Ҳûȥ߰ο˰ɡԷ˵ñȽίΪܹǭZȼ֮䣬оǭZȼڼų⡣
㡭ʼղףǭZȼΪʲôԼų⵽ֵز
˭˵û˵ġǭZȼһѿڶ˲ѻȸˣŷ֣ʱ˿̡Է㣬ΪҦͮͬĺ֮⣬ûܹȥοһ¼ˡ
ԷҲ˵ˣͿǭZȼһ˵˭ģ
ǭZȼͣ˵ʵʵһˣⲻǡҲȥ
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˵ԺԷŴԼǾ仰ŵŨŨĴζ
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Ͳһϲ¶ˡǭZȼ͸ҪԼи顣
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ǣҲûô˵ĻǶôҸո˵Ļ㲻ˣ
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Ϊʲôʺ˰ôοҲ÷ȥʺϲʺϵ
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ԡǻһ㣬Է㲻ԸԼô
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⣿ǭZȼ̽ʵȻûаѼ˼Ϲ㼾׿ڶϣй֮ĺøС
Ҳ⡣ԷֻǶԴ糣˿̸ǭZȼ۵ѹͲǸһ

ˡԷ߱Զͷ
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Żûа취ô󷽰ɡ
͵Сˡ
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㡭Է̲סҸܹô֮ͥµģ˵ˡ˼û˵ϲأҲûаôءһʱ֮Էûס˵Ự
ǣҪ֪ȻǷ̵Ļɲ֪Ϊʲô⻰Է˵ǭZȼôž;ôأĨ˷ƵأյԷĶߣӿĻ֮£һ˿ŮѵˣŮѡҲң˫ۿǻʱʱ̶̿ġ
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Ҿȥкһ͹㣡ǭZȼԷļ֮㳯ŷڵǸ߹ȥˡ
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ԴˣԷ޷⡣
ʱ򣬻һָоĳЩʱ̣ԷеǭZȼڲͬʱһ
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뵽ε̾һͻȻЩЦôֵĸоأʲôʱ䣬ôء
ҲֻǭZȼ̫࣬Լ޷͸ɡ
ţԷżڵķ߹ȥҲûġ
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ǣԷ㰡ŽջأתƵԷϣӹģпű͸İɫҺ壬֪
㣿Է㷢˼ĳ

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ôôɵء㶼֪ǲǰԴŸйΪʲôô򵥵飬Ǹʱȴء
㰡һʱ֮䡭ԷûסȺ֮ѰǭZȼӰǭZȼڸĸ߹ɵò˵ӣƲƲ˵¡
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ôͮͮϣƯɡԷ룬ֻҦͮйصĻ⣬ܹһɡ
ǰƯǰͺƯˣϡΪ绹⾫ĴƯˡ㼾㲻ϲ磬ҲòϣҦͮĺ
ղšҿ˼ͮͮһϢ߳ġԷע⵽Ϊ˼һֱҦͮߣҲ˵˼ӦѾ˰ɡôһ󡮵⽣Ӱ𣿡Է̲ס٩ûа취ֺƢĲࡣ
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Զԣ˼Է㣬ԼڻױҦͮ
˵ɫԷ˶٣û˵ȴߵת˷ҦͮǱ߿ȥȻ󣬡ޡȻ
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Ҳ˵ôһġչԷôó˹ɼʼĺѰ
Ҧͮʶôˣ˹ٺãܹѡĻԷ㵱ȻϣҦܹͮһġ
û취ҲܹƵģ˵౾ߣôܲƫء
ҡ
㣬Ҧͮϲġǳ˹ô
һõĽ󣬸Һϲ㡱ܹϾԵĵȺŰ
֪ģԶԶûԷô࣬˵нչ˵ǽȼԤϵĻҪӱҡ
٣Ŀǰͼãһ㶼ֹۡ
ǣҦͮƺ޷Ӧ
оǸǡ̫ˡ
Żһ̵ĸо㶼ȷҦͮûлӦ
С񡭡ҲǼԼƵġ
ǡ㻹Ҫ𣿡Է㿴Ҧͮ˹˲ͣı̸ţһ翪ʼ֮Ӧ֪ͮͮͳ˹ÿһıͶưɣǱ湦Ҳ㣬ȷ̵ܹǸʱ𣿡
ҡ
ȱŻشҡԷ˰̵֣Ǹʱ򣬿ͮͮͳ˹ʱȷܹܵ𣿡
ܲˡʵĻشܲôܲˡҲŰ
еһģһϵıʼûкÿȥļᶨҲʼûмٹһ֣Է㣬֪ûжʱˡ¸¡Ҫˡ
ͻȻãƺ˴СǿһѶϵȴ͸¶Ųݸĵļ㡣
šԷ˵ͷȻô˵֪˹ҦͮǾرһ֡
ʲô
ǲ֪ˡ
ʲôʱ飬ô֪ô֪ģʲôʱ֪ģ֮ǰСͮģ˲ɴ˫ۣԷ㡣
Ҳǣո֪ġԷ۾ȴûȥ㿴˹ͮͮ߹ءϾ΢ЦΪ˹ҦͮѾˡ
ͷ㷢֡Ҧͮ
С㣬С㡣˹òĴк
ҦͮһǰɣҦͮһߣվ˼
֪ͮͮ˵ǳ˼֮⣬ѵõĺѣǾơ
˹ע⵽㱭еľƿˣʾһߵߴӼùյľƱֵݸһʢĵľơ
̫ˡԷ׵˵û˵ֻһֱעҦͮ
ллǽܹμҸͮͮĶ硣˹ƱԷ㻹м漴һ룬ͮͮһҲܸˣǽܹ
šҦͮɫ̫Ȼһֱڶܼߡ
ʱûа취ٸˡ
˼ע⵽ҦͮĲȻҲ˼㲻ƿߣıվλãǰһСסҦͮҲס˼ߡ
㷢ˣǰ˼
С㣬þòءû뵽ܹ￴㡣˼Žܹķ
þòǸողǲż𡣡ûдϣСͮҲڲ𡣡
˼Ҫţ˶֪˵
˼ЦЦȻѼһȥˡ
ʲô𣿡˹ͷѯҦͮ˵С㲻Ǹܺôһֱ𣿡
ûСҦͮشĺܼ򵥣Ըٶ˵
ԷоҦͮת䣬ֻô˿̵ԽԽķչˣҪͮͮһ㰡ƽܳͮͮģܹܲáԷֻų˹ס
Ȼģһúöͮͮġ˹ȻЦŴӦ
ҦͮȴѾʼĲˣɢ˼Ǳߣκȴ˵Щʲô
һֱΪֻǴû뵽ѹһɵ˼𽫼һߣֻˣ˵
˴˱˴ˡ㲻Ҫһ㡣Ҳá
Ϊ𣿡˼̲סЦˣͲܹȥͮͮûп˹𡣡
ã㷴ʵ
֮ͮͮģ˹Ҫ̫ˡ˼ûд㷴Ļᣬ١ڣ֪ͮͮϲʱװ֪顣
ʲô˼˼ķ̣֪˼˵
˼˼˫ֲû˵ϲʱϲˣϲˣܹǰһΣŪĺ˼𣿵ʾʾ㣬㶼װ֪˱ˣֳˣôˣ
ҧҧ˵ҸС֮ͮ飬Ҳôࡣ
Ҫֻ͡Ҫʧ͹ˡ˼仰ת뿪صҦͮȥˡ
һվڽ
ûһԷ˹
ˣȫдˡԷƲƲ죬һ֪˼˸ոտ϶һ١á
û㷴
ȴ
˰㡣ԷŲţӰͳںݸ㣬ں춼Եɫˣױˣ˵û첹㡣
û֣˼һȫ
㻹ź𣬼С㡣Էô˵ȴԼԶְ＾㲹ױˣͷ̧һ
ˣٵһ㣬ˣ𶯡Էսһſں쿪ʼ＾㲹ױſſһ㡣
ס°ͣ˳סſں漾Ĩ͡
һڣòǺΪ˱Ϳ磬Էִֻսһ㡣
ԶǭZȼһĻ̾ü͸¶ԵĲá
ˣȼȼôû㰡һôǭZȼС˵
ǭZȼԾüͷ۾һգգĶŽԷͼ㡣
ȷǾԷͼ㡣
ôôܡ
ûᣬǳѵõġǭZȼ֮󣬾Ȼûж롣ǣǻеˣϾԷ˵Ժͼ̫ܵġ
Եķע⵽ϵıҲ̫ÿЦ˵ôͻȻ֮Ͳأ
ûûʲôǭZȼתߣתϵı飬ϣܹԵȻһЩ÷ʲô
ȴû뵽Ѿ˳ǭZȼŵķ˹ȥʲôô񡭡ء
ڷӽǿվڽ㲹ױԷ㣬ڸһ
ĽǶȣƣô㹻
ǭZȼû˱飬Ųã̾˵裬Ǹǡ
ס졣
лҪ˵
Ҹ
µġ
ддţֲ̫÷£Ծֱдһ
˳Ҳд˵㼾Ҧͮ
ġָӴ
һ¾ǽ
֪Ҫָ䡣
ҿ϶ǻָô
Ͼʧʱ䣬˵
Ҳ̫ϳˡ
Եѭ򽥽
⣬֮ǰλ˵ڸո֮û˺ظӣӦ˳µһ
ȻлظΪ˱бİҲ뷨
ͳһ˵һ¡
ո˶Ա˴˵İûиı䡣
Ƿֿꡣ
ǰبڸո֮谭Ǻظ
ڣȷû˺ظӡ
ڵĸո磬ȴҲǰˡ
һģǵѾת䡣
ĶҲͬˣҲµľ
ԾһˣҲȻҪĥڵġ
Ҳϣʱ䣬㹻ıܶණˡ
Ƕ˶µĿ͹۵ת䡣
ʱ䣬㹻ǸԳɳ͸ı䣬̫ˡ
ǽ
ʲô뷨Ҳӭ۽ร


142 

ǭZȼһɷǳõĸо
ĵһֱ, ϣԷͼʲô
ɵڶоȻЩԥ
䷢, Էͼ֮ĹϵͬѰ, 㡭ݲͬѰе, Ƿ䷢ֵķû⣬ΪԷȷϲŮ, ֻǸвͬѰϵԼ
ҪҪ񡭡
һ˲䣬ǭZȼȻһЩҡ
Ҳǰľ, ΪѾһ˵ġˡ, ûηо, ǡԷĻ
ʵ˵ǭZȼԷ㡭ûжġ
ҲǡһֱԷ۵Ļ, Ϊ֪н, ԷܹĻش𣬳˾ܾ֮⡭ֻгĬ
ɳĬֺγǱһ־ܾأ
˵, ֻҪǱ˴ˣĸ֪Ѿమڽ˵ʵ, ôԷ, Զоͷ, ֻǲϵصްˡ
ǭZȼеĵԷأ
ǭZȼ֪
ֻ֪Է㲻ѡ
ΪһʼѡͲԷС
Է˵, һ飬Ҳѡ
ǭZȼ仰ìܵģΪܴӸϽ⣬˵סҲֻα겻α
Ȼѡ񣬾ͱȻڻᱻֵĿܰһʱҲһ
ҹסǭZȼ֣Էڵķֱ߹ȥһʲô׼˵䲻ǭZȼ˵
ˣˡԷں죬˵㣬ոôҲùһͮͮΧϾͮͮͳ˹Ķ磬һ涼ų˹аɵѻ˵ֱ̫ǰ˲ôղŵԷ̲סһһھһҲҺ˼һߣȻָҪʲô״ء
ֺγԷ˼أֵڷӵȷûȲ˵˹ҲҦͮһεľأҡҲҪú˵ģǿһ߹̲ס
ƾʲô˹ǸһǣҦͮö֮ء
Ȼ̫Ǹʸˡ
Ǽ㣬ǻᡭ̲ס
ʵҪ֧㡣Ϊ·ߡԷף֪ͮͮϲ㣬ȻϲͮͮȻҲ⿴һ𡣵
ԷͷβûжԼ˵ⷬĵĻ㣬ҲףʵܶΡ̲סԼҦͮһ飬йϣϣһ£ʵһˡ
˭ܹʵأϣ̸δ
ͮͮľ޸˹Ӧף仰ԷԸԼ˵ģô˵šûܹ˵ˡ
ҦͮüҲԸġ
ô仰ֻ˵
ϾΪ˵ĹͬѵԷ㣬ҲöҦͮƽһЩ
ǰǣҦͮҪѡĻ
˵ϣҷ𣿡֪ԼûȻ̲סôʵ
ûϣֻ㣬㻹лᣬûжʱ䡣ͮͮıҪ޸˹뷨ӦʿɶֹԷѵôࡣ
ûжʱ䡣Ҳ֪Ʈֲ˼꣬˵סǹԼ
ͻȻı飬Է̲סеԼǲǸղЩת˲һ룬Ҳֻܳ̾һ
٣ӦѧŽʵ
ղµӱܡ
ô졭Ҧͮĺͳ˹˰
ʵ
񡣡Է˫֣ͳһļգЦһʱ򣬼Ȼͱ¶Цݣٵͮͮ
һԼ¶һȽϷܵЦݡ
С㰡˵󣬳˷
Էͼת㿴ǭZȼһ˹
̣þòˡ¶ЦݴкԴǲҵģеܸеġ
ţСҲڰҲЦŻӦ
裬ˡôûְ֣ԷЦߵס֣˿ûв
֮ǰһѣǱĵ𾢶ءЦԷסֱֵ
˵ôСءȥϲͮͮ𣿡
ޣղͮͮų˹ˣǻһһǸߣȥ˾ơԷ㻷һûȺٿҦͮͳ˹Ӱ˲ˡȥȥ˰ɡ
˵СְˣСҲһʱû˰ɣôüˣ˵Ļһٰɡ
ǭZȼ²͸˵ⷬ⣬һֱĿעŷϵı飬ֻʼ糣û˿ĸı䣬һ㲻ղǾ䡰ס족ô
̽

Ϊʲôֱӿżϵ˵أ
˵Ҫ۲쿴
һ㣬ǭZȼ޷Ӵ˿̷ϵıҵ𰸡
ô໰˵ڿûǸ˼Է˵ģָһȫҦͮˣֿƲסԼʹ߶խעⲻΧô˵۹⡣
ó׼ϵ̬Χ˾ΪֹģϾݲĬĬŵģҦͮߵѣҲûʶġ
аЦŷԷϹ˵ڿЦءԷ˼ԼҪһζľᣬϣŸô˵ȥ
ôˣϵءʼձЦݣֻһתǰʱһ룬Ůô˶ڱϵϵôã֪˭Ƚأû뵽һתô죬ͮͮء
˱Цݣ֪Ӧ˵ʲôǡҪĵġ
ǺǡԷҲֻεЦ
ֵ֪˭أС㡭ǡǼСأЦݽʼʧϵıԾûһ˿ı䣬ż˵С㡭˵أãС˭Ƚأ
һ㶣ม⡭ҡҲ˵׼飬˳Ȼͺ˰ɡشЩΣֻܸһģɵĴ𰸡
СѵҲ𣿡ʵ
㿴һԷ㣬֪Ϊʲôܾ÷ֵֹģôֳ⣬ΪԷ𣿻Լ˵仰ȰԷ飿
ֻǾã飬˳Ȼʲôʱ顭飬ҲÿԵ㵹ûаѻ˵̫ȻأҲҸԷ㶼ᣬʱ䡣
Է㡭üû¶ãȴżһ֮Ц
衭Է÷ҲùˣôԴ˽Ļ⣬Ҳ̫ãҡҲǺĻ⣬ͮͮĶҮôҸͷˣǶϲͮͮģӦðѹע㶼ͮͮ
ͷԵŮ뿪˵ЩʲôȴӲİѻ˻ȥ˵öԡ
ҲֻǹĹСĸϾͮͮѾһˣС㡭ҲӦáԡ𡣡װô˵
ҵзִԷЦŴȫһֻģ
ִ硣˵漴أԵ˵ͷ˵Ҳкһʱûְˣһȥְְɡ
㡭
СӦÿԼһ˰ɡͻȻĮ˼֣ĴԷҪ˵ȥĻ
Է΢΢еȣŭҲûмǼ㷽ŭҲᱣòղͻȻϱ˵Ҳ͸¶ĮҲ̫ټˡ
㻷һȦ˷ĲƣŻ˵šһûϵģԷ㰢̻ЭZȼһȥɡ
ȷ
ûģȥȥɡ϶ĵ˵ͷߵԷļ򣬲С˵ģҲġ㰲ȥ㰢̰ɡʹ˸ɫԷ㣬ֵֹġ
šԷɫ漴˵һ˹ɣ
䳯żķ˵ͷѾֻʣĮűԷ㣬뿪ڼҲһԲġ
Էȷϣˡ
٣϶鲻ãֹ鲻ûҪ¡
ɽ
͵͵ӱִ˴ǭZȼ˸ɫôˣ
ǭZȼһ۷䣬ڷƤӵ£ҲóȻͣھ͸ըҩһ溦Լͳ˵ȿȣǸ裬ȥһϴּ䡣˵ͻԷһɫ
ҲȥҮߣȼȼҸһȥԷȻ˵žǭZȼ׼ӡ
һסԷ㣬ڣĶҲȥ䲻ϹõǭZȼԷʹɫȼȼ㶼ˣȥϴּ䲻㣬Լȥɡ
มǭZȼε򴽣ϷҪȫףھ㲻ȥϴּ䣬Ҳȥˣһȥ
ԷˣǳԼϣлҪԼ˵
š裬ʲô𣿡ԷЦʵ
¡һĻش
˵ţԷߵߡ
˵ܲٲܲٵأҼҵĴŮԷ㡣˵űܵԷ㣬кɡ
Է˳ȥǸûмİˣѾȻǱˣãԷ㡣ڸĸڳ£ԷҲֻĬĬЩˣ룬ҲܵΧ˵棬ĸɡ
ã껷塣껷ʿ֣Сˡ
šų껷֣Էԥһָ֣ҵ
˵ҲǵһμСˡ껷Ц˵أСһûӡˡ
ร껷壬ǰͽԷ˰£˵һǼСǣ磭ãǵأ
ǣ˵Цˡ껷ò磭أ˵ͷֻһξƻϣС㣬ûô˵СӦѾûӡ˰ɡ˵Ǻþǰˡ
ԷŴεĵͷ룭뿪
СⰡֱӽСԷ㡯ͺ𡣡
Է㿴һ۷䣬ţѹָղŷ䲻׼뿪ԭǸ˶˵˵ģһʼͼƻ˵
Է㣿̫ðɡ껷ԴǸĿԷ㣬ֶ˼ڴ֪С𣿡
ҡԷҪܾȴ䲻ֻܾɫȻ˵⡣
̫ˡ껷忪ĵЦˣԷ㣬Ҳôĳƺҡҡ껷塯ͺˡ
š
ۣ˭ǭZȼ
ȥһϴּ䣬Ժ㿴Էڷ֮ͬ£ڸλƵ̸
ȼȼ
ûûСģɲôûòȻֻǱӣǴָǭZȼ˵
ûϵ껷ִ߹ģֱݸԷǭZȼãǳ껷塣֪ǣ
껷壿ǭZȼüǼ֮ǰڣǸʱ򡭡㻹ǣ˵δɣǭZȼڰָλ껷Ǻδ顣
Ȼ֣ǭZȼﻹⲻһǾòԣ˿վˣǰ֪Ǹˣȫһ
ûʲôƵĵط
ƫƫͬһ֡
ôɣͬͬ
Ƕͬдͬ
ûʲôϵô
ޡǸʱġ껷ƺҲˣǭZȼ£ǭZȼС㣿
ԷĹϵǣ껷ƫƫͷ
ҽ㡣ǭZȼסԷ֣Ц˵
ЦţȴɵÿЦ
ҽ㡣
仰ǣô˵ôܰ
ǲʵǾñŤô޷Ҳܡ仰Ȩ
ԭСС㰡껷ε˵ʧˡ
Ǽȼȼ֮ǰҲʱļ뻰˵˵ȼȼ˵ġδָ
ʲôδ򰡡껷岻ɵÿʵұ˦˶ѡԷ˷֡
ǭZȼûϸ˵Ͼǣ磬ֻۿŴ˿̷һС
Է㿴һǭZȼС˵ôˣ
û¡ǭZȼҡҡͷ
껷ǵˣЦĸ껷ű
ǣҶóʱˣͱȤˡ껷Ҳ˾ٱһġ
˵ǼСҲǵء״Ʋ˵⺢ӣˣһ㶼ʡġ
Էô㣬ׯ󷽵ŮӣһУ磭׷ôǵء˵ڵȺʵ˳أ
Ӵˣڹˣ˵ǲԸô飬ءЦ˵š
ǰǼҺҲء
ǰǰʲôţҼҺɲСôҲôڵĺţ˵ʲôҪɽ飬Ҫ˵ء
˵ġ
ΧҲһڸ͵
ˣЩϼһĻ⣬ЩˣҪһ˼벻ţԼһ߶ȥɡ
ǣ˵ǰ
Է㣬ȥɣ˵Ĺͬ࣬껷ȥԱĿߴš
ҲҪȥǭZȼץԷֲš
ȥʲôԱߴšץסǭZȼ֣С˵£ߣȻһ߶ȥҲԣǲȥԱߡ
ŷְؽԷһߣȥҼ㡣˵Էߵ껷ߣЦ⣬껷壬ǵöǼԷġ
õģ̡
Ȼ󣬷ǿǭZȼ뿪ˡ
ԷüһĪؼʲô£
ôͲȥҼˣ
ӲԼ껷壿ҪҪô԰
Է㣬˶࣬һȥİɣ껷
Է㲻ȥˣ㷽ǭZȼ뿪ˣȴʼûдԼﳷðɡ
ǭZȼһĻŭգȴް취ΪʼԼ֣ȫԼ뿪һ
һߣԷų껷嵽֮ͳ껷˼䣬뿪ˡ
ҲٻصߣϾҲ֪ص֮󣬻жٸ껷塱ڵֻø˵绰ü
ôһ尢յԷ㷢ĶλԺ󣬱̹ˡ
ʲôǲǰѽҵһֳѡԷ߿
סֳҡ㲻ɵø̾ˣо衭ǲǹֵֹģǵˣղšܾôҡ
ҲáԷͷʾͬҲ֪ǲǳԴҩˣо䵭ƽġղŻץסң˵Ҳ׼ȥ㣬ֱĪ
̶ô˵ˣ㻹Ҵҹ㡭㲻ɵɪɪ˵ѾʼˡŻ᳡ķĬĬ˵һ䡣
Էͣʶ밲οο㣬ɹԶͣҪĲǰοҦͮ
ǣԷֻ磭ļļҲԵİοɣԷ˼һοЦݡ
һУӡڷ
ޱߵԷͼǰ
衭衭ԷѾܹӷıɢУԵĸоĲˡ
̡Ҳо˷ŭȻףΪʲôŭ
ž
ĸ˼һƣ漴Էߡ
һȻ
裡ԷҲˣ׷ô
Ȼһ·ϷȴʼһԲԷκλᡣ
ֱص᳡ѹŭ˵ҹԹԲμͻؼȥ
裬㵽ô˰ΪʲôҪ㣬̫˰ɡԷŵĿŷ䡣
Ἶ㡣ֻܴߣһ뿪
лҪ˵
ӣһ¡
컹һ¡
ܿһаʡ
ӭȵ뷨
һ»ȵ뷨ġ
ſһȾͶǡ
⣬һ¼㣬Сܾͮ˵˹һƣѣ
һ¼


143 
ԷҪһ, ֳһܺõĵط, ˾ô, ʼһڷ綼͸¶, ԷͲ⾿, ǭZȼҲߡ
ԷҲˣǿ֧ǭZȼġ
ֱӽ, ԷҦͮԼҦͮĸĸк֮, Է뿪ˡ
ֻĸŮǰ˳
֪Է뿪, Ϊǳʲô飬һؼ, ȴ⵽˷ľܾ, һͷˮȫûǷʲôˣ䵹˵Լ, ԷԼؼҡ
ǭZȼҪͬҲõ˷ľܾ
ڻؼ·, ԷҪЩʲô, ôˣ, õҲֻǷĮ˵ʲô飬ؼ˵
ò׻صԷȴֻշ·һĳţûмķ䡣
佫ְڿ, 漴ɳϣ˫ֽǰֻ֣͡
ʲôԷֻĪվԭزŵĿŷ䣬ղΪʲôҪ㣿ʲô˰
㻹ҷʲô飿䷴ʵ㣬ʲôϵ˵˰ɣ
Ҹʲôϵ
ʲôϵЦЦΪʹ˾ͺͿʲô鶼֪ˡ
ûô룬ֻǡĲ֪ʲô˼ԷЩ
ãʲô˼
һʼ˵ףҸְֻԼ뷨Լı׼ֻѾڽֻʱü֪Ҳˡ
Աֳ飬ڽ飬̬ҲķУҸְֻ룬ǲǱƵ̫һЩְҲ˵ûйϵĲ飬ֲ㣬ƾԼҲû⡣˵仺˻ţҲСˣԼĿҲԼҲֻʱǵĶ󡣡
ɵͷأüû˵
ԷĬüʱ䣬롭һ⣬ڰʾ
ʲô֪٣
ǾͿȥϢˡԸӶ˺½ͶԷϡ
ΪֻҪԼԼһжԼ㲢ʱףҲǴֻ飬ʼգûд㽻һѡ
̫̫Ĳ衣ȻûзԸӶȻ
һۣ°ɣȥϢˡ漴̧ɨΧһȦ˶ȥϢɣ淢κ飬ȼȼ
ʱǭZȼ֪Щһ̸ϣܹڡĸŮ̸֮֮ڡ
ǡ
Ҳ˼ֻҪûԷ㶼òӲͷƤװɵȥһ֪˽⵽˶٣ԼóȻڽ͵Ļֻ˷۱ûǸֱ淽˫ۣö֮ĳ
һҪȫͱ𣿡üԷóʱ䣬ֱֻʣ˵ʱ򣬡С㣬㲻ҪΪ費֪ͼ֮顣
Ҳ֪ǾǴʲôʱʼģҲҲǸղμӹǶʱ䣬ҲӴѧʱھͿʼˡ
С㻹ͮͮӴѧʱǺѣһһֱ֪СǺҵϼ̳УӲҪȥһطμӹȻͬţҲֻǸãԼļƻ
ٺ룬˺ü쵼æΪȥĲţͷ˵ǽϵʵСǺӺܴ᲻֪Լŵ쵼㲻ȥĲųΪС㣬˾֮ģ˵㲻סãԼѾ˵㹻ˡ
ԷһѹָղŷҪһƣԭΪͼ֮䡭ϵǳ
һֱڽʲôǡΪ趼û𣿸ղҵ棬һ˻˭˶ͬ˵ĿǰûнĴ㡣Ӳ輸϶豭شһһ֪ͮͮʱҲʹ㣬֮ͮͮȴˣһ˭أǸʱ̬Ҳģɵģһֱڻر⡣
ԭô磬ѾԾˡ
ԷŴһԲû뵽ԭô֮ǰѾ̽Լˣһֱûв
Ȼȷͼˣûд㽻飬һ㶼ûд
㣬ǲڽȻԷһֱڻر⣬ôҲֻг׵ģͱһ㴰ֽ
ûСϣԷ㹻ĵԷϣҸĹϵĲǸӡͮͮһõѡ֮ǰһֻΪһҿģԾȥ
รüƺ˿ԷĽͷ
ڽǣ͸ûˡӦǽǶɣǸʱֻڰ㲹ױѡ
ô˵֮䣬ϵװ׿Цˣôͣźúõ쵼㲻ӲҪ뷨跨ȥڵĲţΪĲأ
Է߷䣬ôΪǭZȼ˵˵Ժ󣬺ܶ鶼øӣҲǣ࣬硭ϲͮͮٱ硭ԼڸǭZȼ
ֻΪǹϵȽϺöѡЩ԰ԷҲֻоԼĵԵһЩ
ԣ裬ֻǺܴѹϵ֮⣬ʲôûУǣ𣿡һڲ裬ƺƷ㴼
˼Է˵ͷ˫սȫѾȫ亹
á²豭Ȼˣһ֮ڣһѣԲôؼңҪһԷ¸Է˵Բ飬ǲԲȻ˵ûϵôѵĻҲɣҿ껷СӾͲϵʽѾˡ
ҶûȤԷܾ̾
ǷܾĻᣬû˵ǡҲУ硣Ӧ˼վעԷ˫ۣ̽ɡ
Է㿴ŷ˫ۣͣȴ޷˵κξܾĻ
˼ѾǳˣԵġԼղŵһͣͲš
Ҳ˵Ҫ֤Լ֮ĲʲôĹϵĻҪó֤ݣڷ俴ֱӵķǣԷ̽һѡ
ǵĻһѣҲǺġ
С㣬㲻Ҫƭ裬ɱһ˸һϷʲô鲻͡ߡԸ񲻺ϡ֮Ľڣ裬Щ趼ŵġ
ߵԷߣһһ˵٣ҲҪŵĳ̶Ȳſԡ
󣬷ߵˡ
ԷֻͷƤ顣
ղţѾѻ˵úˣĶ󣬱ǡУ硣
Ҳ˵ںԷ˭ֻҪ󡭡ǣ磭ΪоͿԡ
ԷҲѾˣҪԼ֤ģ㾿ʲôϵǡģ磭ȡûκ⡣
ô
ֻʣԷһ
ڵƻֻܹͨо
֮ǰ١һЩĺܹǭZȼĬĬ̶ֻȶѣѾǳˡ
ڣȴһ޴֣Ϊ
һϷҲ÷Ųаղŷ仰˼¡һѣҲδػ׾
Ҫŵĳ̶Ȳſԡ
ôʲô̶أ

лҪ˵

һһ
ǵģǷἾԷһȵԭ
ʵϸĵİ߼Ժõİ֣֮ᷢǰԷĺ̸ܶ
ڻ̽ԷĹϵ
ԷûǸȥһֱΪ仹ڰʾҪ顣
ʵ˵ģҸ˵Ŀǣ
ܹýˣǸĸһ
ٿٿţ鷢Լϵʱ
һֱǷԡ
ٴ󲿷£ȶᷴԣĺٻ֣
ֻҪһҾʹӦף
³ܶˣĸͺӹϵ仺ˣԾɲܵҲеģ
ʵ뷨Ҳ
Ͼһ·ߣܲߵĻĸϣ·ġ
ȻҲֻǲһ
Լĸ˿
вͬĵطҲӭһ
ȥԸ


144 
ʮ㡣
ǭZȼһͬҡ
ɵƻͨ, ȴÿ¡
ŮܵһֲͬѰĳš
ǭZȼûڿҵκ˵Ӱ, ܹµ, Էؼ, Ϊʲô顣
ⶼôˣôһҲû, Ӱûһһͷˮ˿׾ʲô顣
š֪ǭZȼ, Ȼ֪Ļ, ҲûбҪ, ҿ֮ǰķӦƺǲ㽫ԼҰְ֡
һطȥ, ֮ǰ˵, Ҳ֪ǲһؼҾ˯ˡԼıϾƺȵЩˣͷе, ʱˣҲطϢȥɡ
õ, ְǭZȼԼҰְֵ, ֱȷ˷, ԼתԼķ䡣
ڻصԼ֮ǰ·Էķ䣬ǭZȼվԷķſںһ֮ǰߵ¥ݱ߿˿¥һ㶯û, ͷӦöѾϴϴ˯˰ɡ
ôţԷ㷿ţˡ
û֮Сȡ֮ǣԿš
ӳǭZȼ֮еģԷ޾ɵһ
ӡԷ״̬̫ãҲܹµͷؼ֮һ̸һ̫ˡ
ҡԽ𡣡
šԷ˵ͷǭZȼ߽Ժûǽŷϡ
š迴ͼˡǭZȼбҪ׿ڸһԷ顣
Ҳô룿ԷվԭأûʲôĿǭZȼ
Ȼǡҵ˼˵ʱͼվһǸƣĽǶڽǡԡȻǭZȼţҪȷһ£ǵʱڸ
ֻڰױѡԷ̾һ֮ǰͮͮ˵ڻױȻ󡭡ͮͮں춼ˣڰͿںѡ
ԭˣǭZȼɴ۾û뵽㻹ӣҦͮͳ˹ĶϣȻڻױҦͮ
ǡô˵ġһɻ󣬻һɻ󣬡Ǹʱ򡭡ķӦͼˡҡƺӡ
ǡ衭ĺ췽зԷֻôһŻңûпķ䣬տʼʱָּһ𣬻˼һơ
ǭZȼ˶һ£𾪵ţ١ƽûķġ
ˣǸ껷塭ȻǸԼΪ껷塱ˣǭZȼ֪ġ껷塱ȫһ̲ס٣ȥˡ
ǸʱһֱңҾͰ߷Χ֮ĵط֮˼䣬ͽߵˣȻҾͺˣȻ󡭡ҹˡ
ǡ
ؼ֮˵˺ܶࡣԷǭZȼ˵ĻҲܲµǭZȼʲô޷ǾǷ˵Щʲô֮ġ
ܶ࡭ָӽԷɫͲ̫ÿԵЩ㲣ǭZȼһֱеһֲõԤС
Ȼڻ᳡סʱǭZȼͲܹԤϵ鲻ֹ̫ˣڡԷ״ֻ̬Ӹܵأ硣
Ҹһؼ֮󣬾˵Էޱģѻؼ̸֮ȫǭZȼ

ֱԷ˵лԺʵЩ⣬ԼȻܹƽ
ͺ񡭡ŸԼȫ޹صһ
ԼжԻԺԷûٶ˵һ仰ˣҲûзʲôԼĿֻվԭأǭZȼԼ˫۾Լڳ񣬴Էſա
ǭZȼԷĲɣһ漴վߵԷߣһֱվţ߰ǭZȼǣסԷ֣Լһڴߡ
ҡ֪˵ģôҲʣʱ˰ɣԷ㲻һԼ뷨ûУ˵ǭZȼӸȤǣô
Ҳ֪ԷӱˣͷûȥǭZȼ۾ںҡ
Ȼˣǲ硭㡣
ǭZȼ֪һֱ֪һģֻһģΪҪһЩ
Ȼȫװġѡ˻ĻɡҲ˵ˣҲõŵĳ̶Ȳſԣôʲô̶ͻأǭZȼԴЦſԷ㡣
Է֪𰸣Գ˳Ĭ޻˵
ǡǭZȼԷ㷴ӦͷȥͶǰŷŵķûʶ˵֣ǡԷ㣬֪Ĵ𰸣顣
˵ģûɣ
ҴӦ㣬ҲġԷ
ԷġǭZȼֻҡҡͷһԲ
ֻҪԷһ첻ѡΪķ֮һôֻвϵؽܸĸףߡ顣
ȻֻյĿĶѡ
ЩǭZȼ֪֪ˣһֱ飬ǿƶơ
Ϊ֪񡱲ΪԷѡ֮һҲֻ֮ĲˣҡҲҪԷеΪѡ
ҪԷúõһ𣬶Ϊѡ
ֻǣǳϧǣǱ˴మһһСѡ
ǡϷĵģʽһûйԣҲָ
һУȫҪԼ̽ѰɻᡭȴֻһΡ
СZԷڻ̧ͷǭZȼȻȻʲô˵
ǭZȼҲǣ֪ܹ˵Щʲô
¡
ģܺ¡
ǭZȼ¡ԼһڣͻԷѡ
µǣԼ⻰һԺ󣬵ġԷ㲻˼ķ񶨺;ܾ
Ļڴһ¡
ȻҲֻǡѡ
ڡҲ֪Ӧôźáֻһ㣬㱣֤ģһġԷսһЩ˫ǭZȼգ۾ʼ΢΢죬Ҫҡ
šͻȻеЩᣬ˫ۿʼԷ㣬ǭZȼҧŴ˵ͷ󡭡Է㱧˻
һߣصԺ󣬿ıǿڴͷķ䡣
ţôˣףһߣߵ£֮ǰ˵Щ̫ںЩ𣿡
ûʲô󰭣ֻͷеʹˡʱ㽫ԼǭZȼ֪ǭZȼµ٣ԼĿǰ֪ģ˵
õ֮ǰֻԼ֪õİ취ˡ
Ҫ˾ȥҽԺĵ˵
ˡֻǡƺȶһЩԲЩεİɣ˯һͺˡ
˵ôŵȴûˣССôˣҿɫ̫Ծòǳ˰ɣ
ôأЩͷΣСǺӵңԲŸɫ̫ðɡ̫࣬оǣ껷Ǻӽܸһ־ڱˣԲ̫˰ɡ
ԭûûεЦЦֻˣȻСҲڣʹܸʶʶʲô׵˼Ȼˣ껷ǺӳˣҲ
㰡˼ŮˣŲ˵İɡһЦЦҪĸ껷ǺӳˣҲͦáͮͮѾ飬ҲԶˣС㡭Ҳȥˡ
ô˵񲻽ü֮ǰ˵ˣúԼѡ֮ǰΪ˲鷢Ƣֱף̫ðɣ
֮ǰ֮ǰ仹ǾϵЦݣ±񿴳ʲôԾС⺢ҲСˣǼŮô㣬ҲӦһֱŰȻͲӦ˷Ѱ
֮һֱԷ㲻˷ԭ򣬾һֱڻԷȡ⣬ҲΪʲôʼӦҪԼŮ뷨ּαԵԭ
⵹Ҳǡ˵ͷҲѺӱƵ̫ˣֲС㣬˵СˣȼȼǺӲ飬Ҳ𰡡
˵ģɱѻ졣⻰һͷԷ㲻鶼ͷˣǭZȼɱˣˣʱˣȥϴ˯ɣ컹Ҫϰء
áգȥԡҡ
ֻʣ·һˣڴͷĿ
˿̣ǭZȼҲصԼķ䣬ϴ衣
һԼĴߣܾá
Ҳ֪ԼЩʲôֻǷŴ
Է㶼֪ӦôźõĻôԼءǭZȼܹЩʲôء

ֻ÷Ļɸɡ
ôҪԷ׵
ʱˣľİɡ
Ļʹࡣ
ǲĻࡣ
ԭΪԷһ֮һжῪʼϣɴ˿̰ǰģȴֻ
лҪ˵

˵һһ¡
ʵСZ鿴ú͸
ܹ׺Ͳķǳ
ƫƫС㲻Ը⣬ûпǹ
СҪ֤Լȡû⡣
ĻԷ̬ȣӦǲɿڵġ
СZĵطڣʵķչѾһĿȻˡ
СZҲףʵСӦҲ׽ôźá
ƫƫС㲻Ըô
ǣ˴˶֪õķʲô
˶˵
СZ˵Ϊ֪˵֮кܴĿܻᱻСܾСܾ
С㲻˵ΪĿǰûó׼Ҳ˺ĸ
֮ǰ˵ΪС곤Ĺϵῼǵܶ෽顣
ǸĸģҲĿǷΧ֮ڡ
֮£СZԴ˾͡ţ˵СZһ㣬ᶨĻѡ
С㲻ԡ
ʵãСZС˵û⣬Ϊ鱾ǲֶԴġ
˵ѡʵҲʵУºܶ˶⡣
Ȼһ²ڸߴңҪ¸ҳʲôģҪᡣ
Ϊ飬Ҫ˵ļͥġ
Ҳмȷû취񣬵ѡλġ
˵ʵҾüʵѡλˣҲûʲô⣬ֻҪ˫ܹܾͺá
ϾԿηȻҶ˵һԼһԼѡȨƿԼȨ
ÿѡ񶼲һ
Ǿã˭ԽӵеݾԽ࣬ҪǵҲԽ࣬ҲԽ
ˣСZС㲻λ⣬Ϊʱдܽλ顣
ҲˣС˵ԼԲ˵
һ˵Ҳ
һ´뿴ĶԣãУ
ȻҲдһԵļƻӦûǸպ硣
ǿģãУҲԿд
Ϳ
йڳ飬ʵҾôںĻǸĸĿɣָһµһ㸸ĸǴ
Գ飬ҪҲҪóڿ׼˵ףȱ֤öɣоû֮о˸ϵĶ
ٶ˵һ䣬ʵҾСΪѣ޷۶Դ
ΪԴǺı׼
û㹻
Ҫǳ飬ѰĿǰ
һ¾ǽ
ʲô뷨ӭǽһม
һµҿ¾ȥظ
󣬺þû˵ˣƪղ


145 
С, Ϻá
ϰ˵, Ҧͮ칫ſڡ
ߵ칫ǰ, ɢͷſֽԼʵʵļʺá
, Ϻð˵ͷǸк
, Ҳſ𣿡ֻ֣һֱͷ, Լİ칫ǰҲûаҪȡ¿ֵ˼, Ȼе΢΢ƫ, ڵĻȫûбҪһֱſֵİ, С岻𣿡
ޡе, һɣţһ㡭ð, ɤӲ̫
ҪСע尡, ȷַ˵, ȵġͬ㺮˼䡣
õ, ҲǣС塣ллĹġҲ׵ĸл˼䡣
漴˶Ͷ뵽С
ûһҦͮһɫ´߽
ֻҦͮһۣͷ
ǡһ, Ҧͮ۵ס
Ҧͮü׼ʲô˼
оղЩƵģʲôҿԼô
ǰʱһֱͶԼϣƶƲġҦͮʱֻװܹӼȵ񣬿ǽ졭ȴǡȫ෴
ΪԼôǡǿģʼҡأ
Ŷ̶̼졭Ҫֲȥô
ɻҦ߽ͮԼİ칫վڰ칫ҵűߣָŰ壬ϰ칫ŵĶȴٻ֪ôģƵĽִ£ߵԼİ칫ǰ±㿪ʼˡ
칫ҵȴǴ򿪵״̬
ġͨͨţղšܶݵһ˲䣬Ҧͮˣƿ۾
ò˵һ̡η塣
ʵڡҦͮ˿̣Ǳģ
ȥμĶ磬ԼһȻģѾˣڡϻָӡҦͮҿĻĶˡ
ǵģûд֮ԴϿ֣Լʵʵԭ򣬾ΪһԵĶ⡣
ʱ˶⣬˶±Ƶ״̬֮УȫûзӦȵЩѵʱֻԷ뿪ѾԶ˵Ӱ
ţ֮ıĴʹУ򵽶շ·ľˡ
һվԭػ˺óʱ䣬Լָ˼ѣҲӽβȺпҦͮҦͮվų˹
Ҫ߹ȥߵҦͮߣǵΧǱֱͣҦͮһ뿪Ҳ겻һ˻Լҡ
ԴӴѧҵԺ󣬼ͿʼһסˣȻǻᾭظĸסţܶʱǻѡԼһ˴ţ˶Ҧͮĸ֮Ҫһ˴ŵĸо͸
һ⣬ûŪô£ҲóȻ绰Է㣬ҲɵȻ˷Ĳ죬ܡѹ׷Ĳ쾿Ժδ
ǣֱϴʱŷ֣Լ˶һֹ죬΢ףŵӱ˱ʼ
һϣ˵ڶףǱĵطȻۼôˣܹи΢΢İӡӣƫƫֲҪ٣ϾʱѾˣֻһ죬ҲҪҦͮĻᣬֻô˿ȥϰࡣ
Ҧ֮ͮǰѹûпǹ᲻ᱻҦֵͮ⣬ǸղŸҦͮӵһۣһ˲Ļˡ
ֻǳֱΪҦͮƺܹһ۾ͿԼ
ʶĶ㿪Ҧͮߡ
ȻԴΪҦͮǰװװһʲôģȡҦͮۻǼ㡭Ҫô
Ļ͸оڶҦ֮ͮһƵģ㲻мҡҲԸҦͮ
ϲҦͮϣҦַͮܶʽ
ڰ칫ҦͮȻѾͶ뵽ģʽþˣǡȴһֱ޷רĵĹܾáرĽ⣬һ̼㡣
ֱ岻
ǰҲǴûйİǸһﵽڸʲô
֪ģҦֳͮ°ͣערĹļóʱ䡣
ˡվڰ칫ſڣûбҦͮϵš
Ҧͮڳ
ˡţο˿ڣҦܣ
ţʲô飿ҦͮŻع
Ҳľٶӹ̧ͷҦͮķȥ
һļҪǩ֡˵ţߵҦͮǰļݸ
ãҿ֮ǩҦͮ㷭˷ļҲǩ֣ȳȥɡ
õġҪŹ𣿡뿪֮ǰĵʵ
Ҧͮʶȥһļ㣬ָ߶ˡ
Ȼͷ㿪Ҧͮߡ
ΣҦֻͮĪһ֡ĪĲˬã
ֻ޹ҦͮôͻȻͱء
õġû˵ĻҾȳȥˡֻмЦݣ˭Ҧͮ˾ء
šҦͮԥһ£롭ѼǸָ칫ȻûůϾڵҲûҪůʱ򣬺úõġʲôĿ֣һ¡
ţʲôԸۻصҦͮǰ΢΢ͷ
ҿʮˣҲһҦͮһҵԼӰóǮݸһſȥ˾¥µСʳһЩԵĺȵһ´ң˳㵱Ҹлһ´μҵĶ硣
õġҦͮĿſǹ˾¥СʳVIP˵˵ҦͮǩԺͿֱӻˣСʳϰҲʶ˾ˣ鲢Ҫ֪룬ͿֱȥˣҪرЩʲô𣿡
ҵĻһʲͺˡҦͮһֿʼͷļ㣬㡭Сʲô
õġ
СҦͮ˶٣˵ҪĻ͸ҲһʲɣټһΡ
ǡ
šȥɡ
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Ҧ̫˼Ү
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ҲҲǣҪ
һһ¼ͬҪԵĶ֮󣬻ص䣬ѯż㣬СأҪʲôҦ˵
ˡûеѻ˵꣬Ļ˵֪СͮͣΪ˴лȥμĶ֪
ͷЩɬЦЦܴ˿ΪſֵԵʣ鿴ı飬֪ԡ㻺̧ͷ˵ʲôҪ
ΪͣΪ˸лҲμĶġ
˵졭Ϊ˲μĶȥģֻǡҪٷŹκһΣܹĻѡ
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Ϊʱ˿̣ܵÿһÿһξܾ֪Щȫ顣
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Ǹʱ򡭡ֻǰѿ˽⵱Ŀģ֮⣬ûȥ
ͬҦͮϣ˼Ǳ㸴˲١
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Ҫ֪ҦͮǰҲҦͮһԼԷ֣ǵãÿμҦܸͮˣЦݡ
ڡȫͬ
ʽĿǣڶԴͻƵġ
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칫ڵҦͮһֱżڵλãĽǶȣÿԿ㹤ʱĲ
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񡭡
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㿴һĻҧҧ
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ǲҪˡԼȥ԰ɡҦܾͮˡ
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ƫƫ仰ƺħƵģڶֻ򴽣ȴȻҶˡ
ĶԻ֮䣬Ĳ
仰ҦͮԼ㣬ȴѾ˵ˣһԲˬֻ֣ҪÿҦͮ˵仰ͷ·ʩ˶ħһ㣬òˡ
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ԴҦͮһֱģ֮䣬ἰ顣
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ҦֻͮԼΣ磬ΪϲҲűĸоҲԸΣ磭ģȨ
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ӦáԼй¶ĹģҲӦñ侲ҦͮԼԼһ˿ǻٻ쵰᲻ô㣬ƾʲôһưһôء
ߵġ۸ˡ
𲻸ûӡӦþͻˡ㲻뱻ҦͮϵİӡҦͮ˻᲻ˡ
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̣ĻشҦͮ΢΢㶣Ϊʲô㣿
ƲƲ죬Ҳ֪ҲúĪҺԷվһ죬Ȼ󷽰ͻȻ߹һƣžԷߵˡ
ҦͮüƵ˵áȴ׾ٵĳ
Ҿ˵ûҲʹֲǲ֪Ҵ۵ġңֻϵĺӡûѣһؼһ¾ͺˣûµġվرסҦͮȷҦͮ᲻ᷴ
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146 
ԡʵʲô鶼û, ֻǸԷһʲô, ͻȻ̴һƣ
ҦͮżԼ칫Сɳ, ϵľ, Ժȴȫʲô⡣
š
оҲûʲôر鰡ҦͮҲǾһͷˮ, Ҳûʲô캦飬ǷͻȻһΪʲô, ûԷ绰𣿡
ұ, ˼ǰ±֪, һô졭˵Լ뷨ϾҲȷ, ҸԷ绰ʱ, ڲ߰
⵹ҲǡҦͮ˵ͷԷ㶼ûϵ𣿡
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ⲻԷ磬Ҳȥ鷳ˡҦͮԼԼãúܲԾ, µǣ䷢ԷǭZȼһ顣
ǡ㷽䷢ԷǭZȼһֹؼʲôأΪʲôƫƫʹ˼ء
㡭Է㡭
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ȥμϲ˸˵Ķ͹˺ôĪѵĸϴ˸һ⣬бӿƵô
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ûʲôҦͮ룬סԼ뷨˵ĳ嶯
Կ֪ΪʲôҪŸϰ˰ɡ˵ţһֱҦͮĿָˣ´ϡ
㻹ϸﰡֱӻؼϢȥɡҦͮżѿָϣͿʼ꣬ôϲһˣʲôţؼ˯ȥɣ˵ϻбָӡϰһٲ͵ˣǹ˾ǺԻģֲǲ١
ʲôֲٰʲô飬ҲûܴϿһڣˡڽ͵Сһ䣬ҡҵʱҲ˰
˵ʲôΪſ֣ټϵһ仰ȽСҦͮû˵ʲô
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ȻϸҦ֪ͮģȴǱˣܹΥģƽ͵һ𣬺ʲôûзƵ죬һƣҲֵ˰ɡ
ôҲһЩͷ
ոձסҦͮһ̣Ҧͮûӵ̫ˡ
ҡڼƵᣬҦͮмĿһۣע⵽ֻԼУݹȥ
ȴСֻӫĻҦͮһۣ߱㱻档
ֻֽǡĺա
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ֻǸʱ򼴱ҦͮҪΣ磭Ҫ󣬼㽫˺ΪֻıֽҲֻѣҪ󡭡˵ڡ
ңǸʱʲôء
ڡ
ҦͮһźգܾãֱֻӫĻָ˺ɫӫĻְ˰ֻʳָһӫĻҪ룴ֵ롣
㱾ҪֹҦͮǻûü˵㿴ҦͮѾ⿪롣
ҦͮҲֻǱԿĴ㣬Ϊֻ룬õģĸ֣ա
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һֱĻôĵ㰡
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147 
Ǿɡʲô, ҡտ, ԷԸͬ¹
õ, Ҿȥˡ
, ȥɡ
ˡ
Էյͷͷϵһȴ, òһѹ̧֮ͷ

衣Է㿴ŷЦ߽, ܾЩ, Ϊ˿̵ģ, ͺʲô鶼ûзƵġ
·𡭡ķŭڹ
·𡭡һĸ׵, Ů˵ݾܾ뷴Ҫ
ܶ𣿡ЦߵԷǰ, ǰӣʩʩȻ¡
ţһ, ֮ǰʱѻġòҪŴʱϻԿԣԷʵش, ȴЩ
֪ʱ, ˺ƽ˾ļ
Ӳ֪, һ룬ֻҪơ
ǻá˵ţһϵļ
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, 塣ԷϵֻͻȻ𣬴ƽ
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ҲߣҲһۣ漴ע⵽Էڿǡʾ˼
ӵ绰ʲôЦָָԷȻŵֻ
šԷǸ΢΢һЦֻͨ˵绰
ι
Է𣿡
ţԣҡôˣͮͮԷҦͮ
Ȼ°пһԸôҦͮŰ칫ҵĲ˿ͷļ㣬ȻſͷסϵָӡԾڸǲסģɢĲ
°֮󣿡Է㲻֪ôģǰķƮȥעƺͷļϡ
ԡҦͮԷ㲻㣬ͳһɣֲһ䣬Ҷ飬ûдôԽٵԸôֻ
šûⰡԷӦ°ֱ֮ӹȥ
·Ĵô
ðӦãҵɡԷ㿴˿ֱϵӵ㣬Ԥŵʱ䡣
ţҲ׼ʱġҦͮ˶˵С졭ǰ볡ˣ̡廹𡣡볡ǰԷҦͮҦͮĸк
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𡭡ҦͮŲµԷ˼Ҹļɡ
ðԷ㽫ֻݸ䣬˵裬ͮͮĵ绰
俴Էݹֻͣ˼룬ſԷһۣŽӹֻιͮͮǲ˼ͻȻ̫ǼСһؼϢģɲҪ⣬Ҳ
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ѽ⺢ӣ⻰˵ġ㶩飬̺嶼ܸˡ֪⻹⣬˵顱ʱ򣬷俴Էһۣϣͳ˹Ժͺġ
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ҡû˼ôܹء
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šԷֻЦŵͷ
ʱ򣬷ԽΣԷ㷴ԽǾѹ
ΪġΡԷӡʴӡ
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ˣĹôģýšЦԼŮ֣ɵĹõһµϿɣŬ֪𡣡
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Ǻãˡվϳ극ؼң·עⰲȫԺ󣬷뿪ˡ
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Ƿ̫̫óս
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㲻֪Լ㡣ΪԼԷ°һԷҦͮǰ°ˣ˹ԼƵˡ
Էüô顭
ҿָӡҦͮһ˲ͣ߳ԱĵģκԷ֣ûסʳ˿ڣš̡Ϊʲôǲʲô᣿
ʵҦͮԼԼôԷҲŲµһЩԭˣǸ˵Ҹ˵ǸҲһʱŭûѹסʧִ㡣ΪҸڽ
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Ǳ˹ҦͮȻĵ˵ͷҲµ϶ǳʲôˣȻҲ绰Ͷ
ұϻؼҺͽͣ˳say sorryģ¼ﲻ㣬ϰֻ֣ᷢøѶԵ˵˼䡣
ûϵûй㡣ȻҦͮﲻ̫ˣϾĪͰһƣôأԼҲֻ˽һѡ
֮Ҹ˵ǸЩӻȥȥǸʵڲ㣬ȻԷ㲢÷仹ͨѶ¼Ҹ˽ʲôģܲ˼ϵһѼǣ̫Բˡ
֪ҦͮͷӦһ˵СȼҪСһЩͨ绰ҦͮҲ֪俴Է㿴öˣ֪ԷڽǭZȼǼһᷭġ
ס˵Էϱлǳ
ʲôҪæĵطǵҪҡҦͮץסԷ֣ϣܹһЩ
šԷҦͮһοЦݣ֪Ҧͮڰ
˵̾һˣ֪ϲŮˣҦͮԷڵĴ鷳Сȼ֪ЩʲôӦ
иԷϵƣֶһ֣ô飬û۹
ǿԷϵı飬Ҧͮ͸оѾķչˡ
ˣǲ˵ҵˡԷ㲻ᣬ̫ˣôͻȻԼҳԷ˵벹ҡһ𣿡
ʲôҦͮ˵ҵȷΪԭ򰡡
ǡΪʲôһͷҹ飿Է΢΢һЦǵ٩֮⣬ģ
ҦͮҡҡͷǸŲ˵ͷһĹ˾ϰ࣬Ҳ֪ҷԾ˵ġ
ûˣӡһ㶼񰡡
Ҧͮ˫ֽһ𣬵ͷûлش
Ҿ֪Լҳ顣ԷĲҦͮС˼Է̫ˣǰѧʱ˭ҪǸڱ˵˼лҦͮĻҦͮһǵȥģսֱԷǼʶöˡ
ֻǣϰ߶ѡҦͮȻͷһûܹԼȽ׽ܵɣֻǡϰά
𡭡Է㷴ʵ֪ϰֶǿԽġ

ôܹôԷ㿴Ҧͮ۾˵һֱĿڵһ仰

ܹô
ܹĻ
ҾͲᡭˡ
㣬ҵĽٰ
ҲһҾѾٲˡ
лҪ˵

Լǣ
һϲ󼸾䡣
ǰͺϲһ仰ҵĽٵĻԸΪٲ
Сͮ˵עĽ
ϣ


148 
ܹ, ô
ҦͮóĬ, ԼĻش
Է㿴Ҧͮһ, ˵ǴĬô

ʱ, Ǻֵģ㡭ԼѾ˵ĵ, ԼòʱȴѼӲƵ, ִֵţǼ, ʵ
Ҧͮ˵, ׿ڳ飬̫ˡ
㡭˿Բ̬, ѾȫȻڸԷ, ġûܽ㡱Ƴȥ
ˣȽϺáԷӱģ˵Լ뷨, ûָʲô飬仰Ҫ˼, ֪Ҧͮһܹס
˵, 㶩ˡȷû, ҲˡԷŬŬͣϣԼϵıܹȻһЩԸҦ̸֮ͮձ̫أǣûС𣿡
Ҧ̧ͮͷ, Է㣬ƺڵġԼԼã֪Է˵Щʲô
ȻûУʹʱ䡣һСصءԷ˵촽漴ЦЦô˵̫ʣšҲ̫ã˵ʲôġҦͮƫʲôġ
ĺѣ˵飬˳ҲǺܿµġ
˵Щ˼˵ȽϺʣԷߵĲһˮ˼ԵĹϵӦûȽ޳޸˹Ŷ԰ɡ
šҦͮûзϡ
˼𡭡ȷǸ޳Ҧͮͳ˹顣
Ҳ˵ŮһҪԶѣ͵ƾ˺Ҧͮһԣ˼Ͳ޳Ҧͮٴصޡ
ܹˣʹһΣѾ㹻ˡ
һˤطǲ£浥ɵڶˤͬһطǾǴ
˼ôΪģ߼򵥵˵ǣż㣬Ȼ޳Ҧͮðһա
Ҧ֪ͮ˼뷨ҲֹһεĹ뷨Է˵ĻҦͮҲܹס
ǶΪã
ǣǶܹ
ƫƫڵҦͮ˾
ΪܹȫȥἾģӴ˾͵˼ӵ߰ˣ׵شԼĨȥ
ɵͷҲֻǡΪѡ
վǰӵʱǹ̵ȣʵĴСһġȻΪš
Ľģûиı
˼뷨ĵԷ˼ԼƫͲβûɵģ˼Ż᲻ԸҦͮٺͼʲôӴԷҲǲܹ⣬Ͼ˼˵㲢ĺѣҦͮǣôȻֻȫȫվҦͮĽǶΪǡ
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ֻ˵ûȫȷ£κξǶ㣬㣬ǶԳ˹ƽ𣿡˵ףԷ㻹ϣҦܹͮؿǣˡ
ܹϲ㣬ǡһһĺͳ˹һĻôԷ޳ɲҦͮľġ
µҦͮ棬ʼնܹӰӣҪҲûסôȻìܵĻؿǿ
Է㲻ǣԸ⿴Ҧͮڡ
ȵԺٺڡͻú鷳ô
֮ĸ⣬һҦͮˣͻᷢչΪ֮ͥ⡣
ҲҪƽҦͮıƽ˵仰
ҪƽҲҪƽ
ǣ˭ƽ
ΪʲôãĻٸһλءԷüѵǣٸһλôһΡܹѡĻᡣ
ĻԷ㣬Ըѡ𣬲ηһγʧĿܡ㰡ǰѾˡ
ԷԶԣڼ飬˰ٷ֮ȷĴ𰸣ģɵĴ𰸣ȴҦͮҪġ
졭ԼԷ̸۵Щ飬ϣ㲻Ҫ㡣Ҫü֪Լ̲ס
áȻҦͮϣܣôȻҲȥ˵
ǵ㵥ɡҦͮɵЦЦҪټ˵ⷽĻˣ̸۵öˣġͻ̲סʼҡ˵ˣԷкܵĲ
㰡ҪĵľкܣӦҳЩóԵĶ𣿡ԷȤ
Щѵó𡣡ҦͮװɵҾͦóԵİ
ǣˣ˵㡣Է̲סЦˣôˣҦͮ⣭磭ӣû䡣
һ統꣬ϲϼ㡣
һϲôꡣ
굥ԺԷڵȲͼ϶ʵ˹𡣡

һ£ᰡԷ˰֣һĽ˵ҿɲڰ̽ĻʲôİֻǴѵݣδòöѡ
ҦͮƲƲ죬Ȼ֪Է㲻ͦõġʲôΪȣҰ˳
ԡеʱģŻӶҡ
Ϊ˹̫ˣ֪ӦԲźá
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ڣΩһܹˡ
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һ㻹ù۰ҦͮȤԷʱԹ޷԰Σ֪ġ
ûû˵ĹҾҲ۵ſ°ԷӾͿʼԶ߳Ա˵˵ˣͦġǰ֪ôڡ
̡ʵҦͮЩĵģԷݺͶͦ·ѾԷǭZȼ֮ĹϵģûжԣСȼ֮ĹϵչֳʲôԾĵط𣿡
ĿǰûСԷ㲢ȷֻ˵ĿǰΪֹã仳ɵǭZȼͷˡ
ΣСΪϡСȼҲǰϾԷǭZȼĹϵȻӣǡʼհ֮ĹϵҲ֪ԡҪһĻһˣԵ谭డ
֪ԷͷһͷƫƫţԼֹõ̬ȻĻַӾͱ˰
һٷýõĻЦжȹ˶̸۹öԷеΪѺŵ飬ġǻȥһͬȹĿֵʱ⡣
ľ˵ĻͰлл˹˵ҸлϹԸȢǼͮͮԷ֮ǰһĻ
˵˭ϹءôôҦͮˣȴԷġȤװģ
ôҾͻؼԷ˵ţֿ˵һ䣬ؼң㶮飬ǵð˵Ǹ
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Ϊ˳˹ѶϢ
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ոպԷһ극ڴؼҡҦͮ仰㰴˷͡
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˵˹æظϢʱ䣬ҲûгӣѾӣԾûп˹лظļ
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˹ֻǣĿһƵģ϶ļ칫ûпƣҹĻѾٺܾˡ
ȴֻάһˣĬš
충顣
ǶԣһУֵӡ
졣
δ޸δνġѡδ޵İ칫˵Ľǡ
ԭΪĹȼӿ˺ܶ࣬˹ſԣһЩʱһЩԵר͵Ҧͮȥ
ȴ롭ײһĻ
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149 
ԷֱͣԺ, ҦͮͶ뵽˹֮С
һԷ˺ܶ, ڡǱ˴֮ҪԵĸ, ԼھøԸеͷʹ⡣
Ȼĵ, ƺ˶ûܹҵ𰸣ô˵ءҲҵһйڡ
ܹԼ˵ĵ, ҲܺùһֱŶԷͣƵúá
ҦͮҲЩ鷽, ȫһ, ڵò֮ǰ, ׵
ֻǣԽ, ȴԽԽ, Լ·һ޾ѭ֮С
Ҫó𰸣ͱ˼ʹЩеŵ飬˼, ˲Ѳ
ԭΪʹ, ǾԼΩһ·, ͷŷҲ, ûг·ǡһֱͬô
ֻҪȻмӰӵĻ
ţԶûг·
ˡ

Ҧܣ磬Լˣ˾ľһԷ, ˵Ҫ̸һ²ƷƷƸöĻڵͻܹʼУҪ֪ͨС𣿡齫Ҧͮճ̱ݸ˳
ޣҼǵáʱǡҦͮϵһԼճ̱ĵ㡣
ǵġ
˼𡭡֪ͨɡ֮ǰ˵һʱ俴µƷ˼ǹ˾²ƷĴˣ֮ǰϵҲ˼ԵģԹ˾ȻҲȻĺԼԡ
ţгҲ߹𡣡ڣҦֻͮϣԼܹŬġͨĿ⣬ȥ㡣
ϣ㣬뵽㣬ҪĻرܣҲҪֻǺƽġѼ㵱һͨͬԴ
١ڹʱ䣬ӦЩ
ϾڣֻǣѰ
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Ҧֻͮ˶̶̼ӵʱ䣬˼һԼһİţûʲôҪرĶĵطճ桭ûʲô⡣ļƻͰճ̱İˡȷ֮Ҧͮչճ̱ǩ֡
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ô˵ڼ㶼ҦͮЩҦͮϵ飬ȷҪæǰҦͮûǰҦͮͿ˵ģֹҪϵ飬ЩϵҲҪæΪʱƸһ
š
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ʱһΣ㵽ࡣ
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ȵءȻλǰԼõģλǼ㶩ģΪ˷ֹԷȵȴ˰ԤԼɹϢҲͬ˶Էһݡ
°ɣԼõĵӣҲ쵽ˡҦͮ˵ű¡
ץס˵ţҦͮӣʾҦͮ¡
Ҧͮ˼һϵеĶվʱ䣬ڻ˳˼лл
ô㽫Ҧͮ׹ϣĹ°Ҳݸ̸֮ʱļŲҦֵֹͮġ
𡣡ȲϣҲԸϵ˵
棬ֻˣ㲻ҪһֱֳĬ״̬ȻҪҵͷҦͮҲһ㣬ӹĹ°Ժ󣬾ʹóļʼװ⼾Ļ⣬Ҳܹ˳µġ˵⡣
ȻǰҲûзһͶһε²Ʒ˾ﱸ˺ܾãӦòֵһͶһ϶ٲ˳ֺܶ޸ĵĵطǵҪһһдҦͮļż˵
ţ֪Ȼǰ·ңҲ˹εģ˾ǰƳļڲƷвϣμƳ²ƷﱸѾõ飬Ҳ֪ȻˣȻԴ
ۣͮͮô͵˰˼һƿ䣬Ҳ֮һȻҲյ˼㷢ϢôҲڰҲԱߣ˼ϵЦͿˣȻ֪㣬ϾյϢע˷˵֡
ǵģǹֳı㿴ġ
ҦСá˼Ҧͮк
ãþòˡӣ˼һ㴦һ鷳˰ɡ
ǰҦСҲֺñӰԼһ£Ըղ׾ٵľͱϳˣ˼ǩʲôģԵʱ䡣
ԭˡҦͮЦЦ˼˵˼簡
˼˸űҦͮһ
ûãһƿţλ˼ˡ
ûϵҲŸոյûáҦͮЦŰ˰֡
ǹڹ˾²ƷƷһ¡Է˾ľһóƷݸڳˣһݹĿ
𣿡
ȻεȷǵҪ󡭡ǣܾЩʲôҦͮûžܾ˼ȴڱϣԷܹһ޸ġ
ãЩʲôأ
֮⡭
ܹһ±仯ôָָƷϵݣǹ˾һڵ²ƷƵӯʣʱ϶Ҫܸߣ治䶯ĻȻʸУǴϻֵֹİɣ
˼أôģ²ƷĴˣƷҲˣʲô뷨Ҧͮͷȥѯ˼
Ȼûпʼ֪βƷ˵һֻһΣһԴ˼ϸһλݹļϣʵ˵ҿƷʱȫûвһֻһεĻһָо˵ǡȻҲܺÿûҸеܾޣ㹻ˡ
õĺõģǻ˵Ļ֮ټԸƵġ˲û뵽һεƷͱˡ
һεƷʲôʱԳѯʱ䡣
𣿡
ԣǾ֮ٽڶƷҲǺ죬Ҧͮ룬ʱûʲô⡣
õģҾȸˡ
ҲˣһԷɡҦͮ
ˣһøϻع˾ӰࡣƷҲûȥ֪ͨͬ½Ӧĸġܵ
ǺðɡҦͮεʼ硣
λ뿪֮Ҧͮ˿ʱ䣬ˣôǷ㣬ҪһԸ𣿡
ˣڼء˵ˡ˼Ƴһۼ㣬۵ԱߣԶ׷θͿһ㶼š
˴˱˴ˡ֪˼ڰָԼҲĻ˵
ҡ˼ʾм
Ҧ̲ͮסǺðɣȻĻǾɢ˰ɡΪ˶žֹԣҦͮѡظҸҸ衣
߰ɡСͮ˼ôȥ˹ô
ǣԼ򳵻ȥͺˡΪ֪켸˾ع˾ȥˡҦͮҡҡͷһʱ䣬˹Ƚæ˵Ѿмûˡ
ۣǡļٵİǼһȻܹס첻㡣ǶʮТѣ浽𡣼첻桭ܰɡ˼һţһ¡첻Ǿ˵⼸ûһԷҲûԼᣬҲûн°ࣿ
šҦͮ˵ͷֲ˼˹˵֮ǰ˵֮Ƚæûи˼˹Ϣ˹ȴûôظ顣
˼üëһ˼ģҲû˵ЩʲôôҪؼ˳˼ָָԼԵС㡣
Ҵ򳵾ͺáʱ䣬һǻؼ̫鷳ŮӣҦͮҲ鷳˼ҡ
ðɣҾȳؼ·Сһ㣬ҼǵøҰ˼ĳ뿪֮ǰųҦͮ˵
֪Ҳǣ·ҪСĵ㡣Ҧͮ˻֣˼ĳԶ˲뿪
ҪôؼҡҦͮע⵽һ·ϼ㶼ûп˵
ؼңٻؼҡҦͮԣͷԼڵϵһһĽŲ
ˡҴ򳵾ͿˡҦͮؾԼؼҾͿˡ
ĬûоܾҲûдӦֻǲٻشҦͮ˵ЩǷʵ͡˹𣿡
ûСҦͮϡ
ͻȻͣ˽Ų̧ͷҦͮ۾˺óʱ䣬ſ˵ǡΪʲôô㣿
ʲôҦͮ˼
Ҹղ˼˵˹㣬㶩֮󣬾ͻúæԡΪͿһֱ°࣬Լ᲻Է𡣡ıͻȻһƽԼ͸¶żŭ
ǣҲҪȥæҦͮЦЦ˵ܲһʮСʱΧתɡ
ŮѣǶ˻飬δޣЩѵӦôü˵
ҦͮĬû˵ż˫ü۾˫ֻԼǺ𡣡
֡ԾüͷϵıڸҦͮˣܲˡ
Ҧͮһͷתһߣȥ㣬ûʱҡ㲻Ӧáе˲Ŷô
յ˵ͳ˹Ӧйϵô˹֣ҲӦøе˲
Ȼ˿̵ı飬ȴǡ෴ġ
ЩǻȻһ㣬񡭡ȷӦҦͮ˵ŶԣǼ㡭Ҧͮô˵ȴȻһ㶼ĲҲô˵ǶԵġǡһҲġ
ͷ򴽣֪ܲܰ뷨úõ˵ֻǺΪʲô㶩ˣܹϧˡ˾æʲôġҲģкܶæȫЩӦΪʱĽڡ
һ˵ǣҦͮڶͻȻЦЦתԴŵͷļ㣬ѵӦáԽԽл˰˼ά𣿡
ҲҺְɡûȥҦͮ٩ֻǡ޷ܣ㲻öѡ˵ġ飬ûȥ

ûҦͮĽӻ̧ͷöҦͮӵ񣬡ǲϲҲϣ顣ЩΪæӦòʱ㣬¡
ҦͮԾûзӦ
ͻȻеԼΪʲô˵أƲƲͣ˫סԼҦͮӡ
رֱŤ˵ѽҲ֪Լ˵ʲôҲ֪ܲ˵˼֮ܶǲϲ˹ǸһҲ뿴㲻áܹ㲻ã㣡

˾ôվ·ߣάεƽţ˺һҦ֣ͮץססԼյ֣ס
΢촽Ҫ˵Щʲôһ䶼û˵ֱͣҧ´ע۾þò
㣬ˡ
˵㣬żɺһ˿ŭҾá
ϲҡ
лҪ˵

˵һһ¡
ΪʲôСͮ˵üϲĸо
ҿ˼һĲͬ
.˹ûʱҦͮеģΪлˣкܶʱҦͮˡ
.˹ûʱҦͮΪæʱҦͮĽڡ
ҿϸһ֮΢Ĳͬ
Ǽ㣬Ǽ㣬˼ĽǶҲǼ㱾˵ĽǶȡ
˹ҦͮԼԳ룬˵վԼǣԼΪȥġ
ߺ͹ע㶼Ҧͮϡ
֮ΪվҦͮĽǶǵġ
ȷǲϲ˹ⲻϣ˹Ҧͮ
ΪҦͮܺã˹ƾʲôϧأ˹ƾʲôʱȥء
ϲҦͮҲϣҦͮͳ˹飬ⲢԸ⿴˹Ҧͮá
֮ϸ΢Ĳ
Ҧͮ˼˼ʼãˡ
ΪЩ˵ҦͮڵһλҦͮʼɼ㿼Ҫ㣬һкûı׼ǰᡣ
СͮǷһ㣬ԲŻĩβĸп
Ͼ֮Ĳ
У֪λûڿģ֮ǰһλȺ
˵ϲдģжģогɾ͸Щϡ໡
رлһ£ţŨq?
¼
šһ¼Ҧͮͼ㣬͸ء
˳˵һ£͸мҪд֮СZС㡣
˵һ£һƪ棬ҦֻͮдһĲ֡
֮ǰʱ򣬺֮Ϊƪⲻһƪչˣ
ϾһƪҪдСZС㣬Լġ
ǰȲʧԤյġ֮еҡƪĿԺ󣬻ѼҦͮĹȫչʾ
֮еҡ֣±࣬˵úзһ£֮˺ֻĶһ£ر˵һ¡
ȻǸϡϣܹȡһְɡѣ
ǽ
лһ¡owlteyĵף͡leĻThanks?(??)?
˵ϲдݵİķǳжǵϲҼµĶ?
?


150 
֡֡֡
͸, ɫı, ˯˲ôŵڴϡ
֡֡֡
ӵ, һĴӱһֻ, žһصӡ
ʱȥһӡ
͵ժ֣Ӵ, ͷ˿ֱʾʱ䡣
ߵ֡
۾һԺ˴, ¶޳˫, ûдЬ, ôһһë޵̺ϡ
ΪҦͮȥϰ๤ֹ, øҦͮһȥ˼μӹ
֮ǰĵĿƷûж, ˼ԾɵϵеĹˣҦͮΪ๤ҪȻҪΪҦͮҲ˳µĵһͬȥ
뵽Ҫ˼, ź;һͷ, תһ, , °֮ԼҦͮһԷҦͮҲӦˡ
֮顣
֮ǰҦͮʱ򣬾˻ᱻܾ׼ˣû뵽, ҦͮȻֻǳĬ֮ص˵ͷȻ򵥵ĴӦеȣҲϲ
ԴҦͮƱյĵգһ˿ůӷ϶ֱ֮оƺһ˿ϣ
ΪҦͮĲܾоƺһһģҦͮж¶ķĿ
ҦͮôģپĿǰΪֹڼ㿴Ǻõ
ߺߡžˢˣͻȻź
ӴҪʲôôǼСôôءԴֵ٩˿̵ƽ
˶һ
۰
ͣһŮ˵ԡϣȴôôԵЩңƺɫĶ̾ʪյڼϣһϵģʲôеҶĤƵˡ
áá㣬ôҼҰ滹ĭǰոϴԡ߳ļ裬ڳݲʵ
ҵԿװһĲΪȻֻԹԵԡͷ
๾๾ࡪˢżʵ֪ô
ޣҼҵԿױҲ֪ŪĶȥˣ桭֪ģ̫ˣΪ˱һլүӱѵҾ͸ɴͶ˰ڼĴһǣѩɫ˫ȴԡ¶˳
ҵԿ׶ˡôܻҼҵԿסüȻע̫ԡ
֪ıԿ׳ڴſڵĲСբﰡ
εƲƲ죬ʲôʱģô֪
ĵİɡͷĽԡһߣ˻Ա˯һأ˾ȥϴ˸裬ϴߺߵʲô¶ôôˣ
ûʲôȥϴϰˡ̲סҹùöԱ˯Сʱˣһ֪ûУһǳš
аɡ˯ˡ軰ô˵Ҳûֱϴ˯ߵһɳߣҵԼֻŷûػˣߵԡȥֻûˣ绰Ķһ¡
ҵİָָ˳㿴һʱ䣬ùã㻹Ҫ˯ٹϰ಻ǾҪٵ𣿡
»صɳߣӼİҵֻ˳ش˵԰ڴ绰ȥһ½ճ̣˯ٻع˾ɡ
ڼ迴ĵطһ㿪ʼžӸԼױˣ滹ţҪô׼ϾҦͮѵɿڴӦһԷôõĻᣬʵǲҪŹ
ôڸ־糡ʱԼҲ·ߵɳԼİߣ滹ŽҦͮԼҪôƻźá
ԣȥ˾ճ̣ͰҸղŷԸͿˡ˳֪ͨһͬǣ׼ʱᡣžĽ깤ϵŹҵ绰һתͷءѾûмӰˡ
ֵͷһѾصҳֻ
һŮӵ˯ա
ʶ
οЦЦ
ôѵÿĵԡ
Ǹй؆
㣲֡
ãá㵽ֳҸֳĹԱк
˼û𣿡Ҧͮĵߵ˼ߣʵ
ҲŸյԱ˵·ˣӾ͵ˡͷҦͮоҦͮ񡭡һĲһ·˰ɡ
šҦͮ˵ͷûȥֻĵ˵ǰɡȻȴڴʲô


˾ôֳĹԱ׼˴֮ȴ˳Ĭ
ҦܹͮоһԼڴ󵨶ȵĿ⣬øʶҧҧͷϼߣ㿴Ҹ糣
ͣͻȻЦ˵ͷܺÿʺ㡣СҦͮϣĿ֮󶨸Ҧͮ˫֮ϣ֣ĴָָĴ߱㷴Ħ漴ǣֹסЦ⣬ƺ뵽ʲô˿ĵƵģɫҲǡ
Ҧͮôż˫ۣоԼ˶Ҫ˫ȥƵģԾ򴽣ŽͷƲһߣǡ
һΣĻش
ȿȡȿȡ˼ϢĽ뵽֮䣬ǳʱ˵Ĵ֮䰵Լ޵
˼˰Ҧͮ˼ƲƲ졣
㽫һĲ춼չϣڡûа취˼𲻶̣˼ĺ£͸Ӳˬˡ
òסоҦ֮ͮĸֿʼ˵ģ
ҵȻҪ˼Ҧͮ۾һЦȻĻ漴ֽͶڼɨһ飬ЩˣҪóô
㡪
ǡ˼мһЦ˼һۣ֮Ҧ֣ͮˣ߰ɣǶѾ׼ô㿪ʼİɡͮͮҡ
šðҦͮһһ˼¶޿κεЦݣֿվԭزļ㣬ȥһǸ
յˣʾʼ硣
֮ƨ߶ƨ߶ĸҦͮôڻһݣҦͮҲ˳
㹤ʼԺ
ʱһԵĹԱЭţ̸˼ȷϺ󣬵˵ͷʱ
ҦͮΪ๤ȻҲ˹ȷûԺָָڽ㹤˼𣬡ôǵһο˼ĹӰɡżԴûоÿ˼ӣ˼ֺøУ
ܸӵע˼Ĺģпϵĸۣȷͦġ
԰ɡ˼ģġҦͮòĵĿ佱˼𣬲˵ʵദҲܺõġԡǲ̫뼾Ǹ˼һͽŵģмҲĺ۰
˵ͦ˼ǣڹģʽȷרҵˮ׼顣
Ҧ̷ͮΪʲô뵱˵͵ʱ򣬼ķӦ˼ķӦһأ
治֪˵̻Ǻءڻ࿴˳۶Էϡĺء
Ȳ˵еŵأˣ£ȥǣסҦ֣ͮĿżڴ°࣬һ߰ɡ˵һԷġ
Ҧͮԣһ㶣Ȼ˵ͷš
ãҵһ°ࡣ
š
֡Ļŭŵĸо
ܡΪܾ̫ãҦͮͻȻӦôˬ죬üемֲϰˡ
֪ǲǴأȻҦͮĻشֻһټ򵥲ĵڴʣǼڶȴоڽԼᣬҦͮҲǡڴء
лҪ˵
ѣǡ
æ顣
ΪٹҾͻؼȥǡ
ؼȥӦþͻ᷽һЩ
˵һ°ɣҴȰѼҦͮһĲд
ƾͼ¾ܸ㶨
ȻͲչ֮ĸˣ֮ĸ߻Ԥյдһ֮ǰ˵
ϲСͮİҲʧ
Ȼ֮ľȫдССZи磬
СͮΪա
Ȼ˵һ֮ĸ¡
Ҿ˼ǡ
ȻҸоҿڳ˵Ρ
Ϊ£һ¡
롭ԡ¡ո
ȻҲ֪ܲѣ
һ£
Ϊûոʱ¾ͻдһЩҲ͵˸һ
ոÿ¸µᱣڣ
Ȼ˵ǡ
ʵҾԿ
ȻҲҪ׼ؼҵ飬һᾡոա
ϾոĻÿ£Ҳرࡣ
Ŀǰ뷨˵¡
Ŀǰ
Уһ£ߣãģ뷨İȿдգҶῴ
صĵطһרŷСֻظģ
ȹء



151 
ˡҦͮݸոմӰ߳˼һˮ, Ц˵, 쿴״̬ӡҽ첻üӰ, °ˣ
˼ӹҦͮݹˮ, Ⱥһڣʲôʱ״̬ùˣ
šȻÿιʱ, 㶼һȫӣǡ״̬벻, һܹóӴҦͮ΢, Բͬ˼һ˵ǡ
𡣡˼Ҧͮգգ۾, Ҳǵˡ˵š˵ʲôƵġ
ҦֻͮЦ漴ִյ˼˵, Ȼ˵ûеĻ, ǾûаɡȻ棬ȫûһ˿ͬζˡ
ҿĽȻͦģԺһԷɡҲþûһԹˡ˼˰, ȫȻһ޿κεĿҲ֪, Ůѿħ˹ţƤһ, ޲һʮСʱ, ù۶ûúõĳԲͷءıԹ֮⡣
˵ôˡҦͮƲƲ죬˵ˣû̫档ҲҪæ顣ԴˣҦͮʾ֧֣ȫûһ˼
˼һνģҦͮ, ԴЩֹһѡ˵Ļ˻ȥֻǲã԰°ʱˣ
°డҦͮЩΪѣǸ˼˵𡣡
ӡѾԼ˼ҦͮΪѵ۵ףȻ̧ͷΧæµȺ֮Уһ˵ӰҲ²¿㾿Լ˭ء
ҦͮûлشֻǲԾҲȺ֮ȥѰӰ
˼ĿתصҦͮϣרעĽͶ𴦣˼üŲײ̾һһЦ˵
ţҦͮջߣü˵ʲô
ǡûʲô˼ҡҡͷһǲˡ
ţ
ʵ˹ĻҲȥ𣿡˼עҦͮ۾ϣҦܹͮ⣬Լİʾ
ҲóȻ֣ŵҦͮûᵽ˼˼ֻǰĿ˵ͺæչң̫ðרĵĴŸЧʰ
Ҳԡ˵ģҲе˼˵ͷҦͮ˵ˣҼȥһˡ
ţมҦͮЦ˼ļ򣬶ڸղŶԻֵ⣬Ȼ
ĹɵĽš
ȻҲݵʱ䣬ǳȵĿǣֻ˸˼רŵϢʱ䣬˼Ϣڼ䣬ǹйԱʱ䣬ʱ䣬ҲϢһ¡
ҦͮͼȻҲ⡣
ݼ϶˱һϢҵɳϣŹļ
ʱ侲š
üȫоʱһһš
ֻʱ̧ףעҦͮһרעļĲ漴¶һЦգȻֵͷĿ·Żļϡ
ڹܹԣʲô˵ҲûĿĽ㣬˴֮ҲֻгĬȴһ㶼Ӱ켾ѵõĶʱ⡣
ģ
ûΪæµĹ꣬ҲΪٷա
ֻ򵥵ģһͬһ飬¡ֻǹ
ǣΪʲôеأ
ǡ뵽̲סЦһ
ҲһЦǶ֮İĬ
Ҧ̧ͮͷԵĿż㣬Цʲô
ûаļЦţȫһ㶼͸¶ԼΪʲôôˡ
ţҦͮüʵǲףʱ仹Ҫļʲôģ顭ѵֵø
ûʲôĿȻԼı飬Լ
ҦͮԾɱӼ˫ƣ˺һŵ¶һ䣬о֡
𣿡ƲƲͣôð
ҦͮҲٶ˵ʲôֻεĺһҵĴɡ
ظһʣ΢˼󣬿϶Ҧͮ뷨ôõĻǾһǴ
ʲô˼
ҵ˼˵ļϣܹ򵥵ı˵ģҲ㿴ҲͬӡԣоҺ֣һΪȥǣסҦͮסļ֣ʮָۣŬĳţΪɲͬԼ
Ҧͮţأˣ֣ͷ˫۶ļȴȫûа߾۽ļ棬Դż־ŵ˵˵ʲô
ûϵЦЦʾ⣬ҦͮķӦȥֻ֣ûϵԺܻ׵ġ
˵ˣ㹤

ȻճȻܽš
ϾһΣ˾ϵеĲƷȻһƣҲǲƷˣ첻ҲΪˣ˼㹤Ҫ죬ԸֲͬķͣѡһߵģΪϲ󶨰
һ죬ǿˡ˼߳ױȥûһ·Ժ
Ǽ˼ˡҦͮôæʱȻ˼ߣʾл
ߣġ˼Ҧͮ˸ԺɵҳԶٺõġ
û⣬㾡ܿڡҦͮһڴӦ
⻹ࡣึˣа˼Ҫ˵Щʲôʱȴһͻߴˡ
ͮͮ
Ҧͮѭȥôˣ
˹ЦЦûлشҦͮĻֻǶ˼˵ͷǴк
˼Ҳ˻֣ȻҦͮ˵Ҿȥ·ˣġ͹Աͬ뿪ˡ
˹ߵҦͮǰ
ôͻȻˣҲһҦͮЩ졣
㣬Ծˡ˹ֻǵĻشҴ绰ʹ飬˵һ춼ӰߣҾֱӹˡ
š
ʱ䣬ӦҲ˰ɣ˹ָָԼϵֱ
ţҲæòˡ˼ٻһ·꣬Ĺͽˡ
ţá˹˵ţҦ֣ͮκηӦĻᣬȥһط
G
ȵҦͮӦʱѾ˹˳ϣҪȥﰡСҵİ
İҰˣں
GҦͮһȷ˹˵Լİ֮⣬һ
޹²ݡ
ҦͮüĦ˺þá
͸ġ˹ʱĳ
ô޹²ݣҦܾͮȣ˹޹²ݣ֮ģǰǶ𣿡
Ҽǵá˹ǰ·˺ü룬Ž˵ǰһΣС˵ϲĻ޹²ݡ
šҦͮϣҼǵãǴҸˣҲϲ㰡
ѡĻѡ޹²ݡ㣿˹ȥҦͮ˫ۣȴ䣬ҦͮĻش
ʲôѡģҦͮ׳˹˼ֻһѰǰǺϲ޹²ݰĻҲûϵҲͦġ
㡭ҲûϵĻش𣬳˹Ц
ԡֻǣҲûϵѣҲ˵ǡϲ˼
԰
ô޹²ݣϲ𣿡˹ͣ·ߣһΣҦͮ˫ۡ
ϲҦͮͻȻо˳ڲһա
Ǵ
Ҧͮ˵ϲֵʱ򣬳˹оҦͮǡ
ǡÿҦͮʱӲ￴Ķ
ǡ
ģֻǶ
лҪ˵

Ҧͮ
ʾһһ⡣
𰸣档

ڶ죬ϣܼȥ


152 
ô𣿡Ҧͮ޹²·Ż˳, ŵǵĿ⿴˹, ʲô飿ǹʲô⣿
˹ֻǿЦҡҡͷ, һ, µԼ̬ŬļһЦݶҦͮ˵, ûСǡֻǡȽϺѡ
Ҧͮ˼
ûʲô˹·ӣҴȥһط
ҪȥﰡҦͮŵץס˹ڴ, ҽ졭
졭˹ü, ȴûȥҦͮ, ѵԼ𣿡ڡˡϿҧ
šԼˡ°ҪһԷҦͮʵĻش
԰ѽ°֮ʱ䡭ԡ˹Цҡҡͷ˵, ڿʼ, ԰֮ʱ䣬𣿡
ǡҦͮЩԥԼ˵, ͻȻʧԼĻ
ͮͮ˹˫֣ץס, ֱϵѾ¶˳, ԿóڼĿЩʲô

ѡ֮, δ򡣱һ𡭡˹ͣ³Ⱥ̵Ƶʱ䣬ͷעҦͮĿ˵ѵԸ͡ˡԼ𣿡
ǡҦͮ˫޴ץԼĿ, ûô롣ֻǡӦ˱ˣʱıĻ
͵ΪңʧԼһΣ𣿡˹Ҧͮ˵ǡ
̵
·ӣųĿĵؿȥ
Ҧͮų˹ŭĲֻáʵ̫ȫǸ
֮⣬ղŵһҲ͸¶ŲݾܾѹȸС
Ҧͮһξãʼ˹
ûа취ǿƵĳ˹ҦͮҲ޷˵ܾоǡ˹Ǿ䡰δʶԼݡ
Ƕ˾ڳڣôųĬ
ҦͮͷһѶ㣬˵ԼܱǸͻȻЩ£ܸԼˡ
˹۽ǵƳҦͮڷżѶ롭ҦͮѶˣ˭ء
˭ء
Ҳλ޹²ݼС㡱
뵽ַ޺޵Ĳš
Ӻ
ˡ˹ͣһſڡ
Ҧͮų̧һ³⣬ҪԷĻҲӦǰ֪ͨҰ
кҪ顣˹͵Ҳһϲ漴Ϩ˻³Կ׽˲ſڵĽӴԱ
ҦͮԶԣһ̣Ȼ֪Գ˹˵ʲôźãȫ㲻ⷬڡ
߰ɡ˹ЦţҦͮ֡
񶩻죬ŻɴҦͮһ㡣
һֻԼ֣ҦͮͣûҪܾȴûڵһʱ磭ߣ磭һĽԼ֣ڳ˹ϡ
ȡ֮ģԥ
ôˣ˹Цɣȴ벻
ûʲôҦͮЦҡҡͷŴЩĲȻ̧֣Լַڳ˹Уǣס
ߵĴã˹ҦͮǣȶλõĵطҦͮע⵽ѾѾˣǳ˹ĸ׺ĸס
ãĸáҦͮԼľȣܿԼı飬˹ĸĸһһк
ͮͮð첻ֱƯˡĸĵ͵
ĸˡ
°ɡ˹ߵҦͮԣʿӣŻصԼλ¡
ôңԼ˲ĸһԷôͻȻͰҴˡҦͮȻ˾ȣĻЩģ˹£ǰ˵ãҲΪܹи׼ھǱ
˵Ǿϲ˹ЦŻش
Ҧͮ򴽣ų¸ĸ棬Ҳܹ̫ΪֻεЦЦ
ˣȻѾˣȵͰɡ¸˵
裬ҺͮͮĲ͵ѾǰԤˡǿʲôֱµɡ
㿴ӣϱˣʲôǰԤˣȫϼһ֮ԺˡĸŴЦݣǵ٩˼
Ҳô¸Цŷ
֣裬Ǿͱ٩ˡ˹˼ա
ҦֻͮһֱЦû˵
󲿷ֵעֻϣΪ㷢ȥѶʼֱڣûյظԲЩģǲȫûע⵽ûа취Լ顣
滹ŽңҲͳ˹ѷܹ꣬ȥҼˣ١ǸҲð
ڿ˹ĸĸڣûа취극֮̾뿪ܷܲ˳Ӱ
ĸ˼ȥһϴּ䡣Ҧͮ΢΢ףԴǸ˵˳Լְϴּķȥ
˹Ҧͮ뿪ıӰ˼
ոͮͮҲ˵ȵҦͮԶˣĸų˹һԲģͻȻ˵ôͻȻҸְֽһԷǷʲôô
ĸú֣ҪδϱһԷҲӦǰԼӲŶԣô˹⺢ôͻȻҪԼϼһء
ûС˹Ըش𣬡ֻǾãȻҸͮͮѾˣҲˣӦôͰһԷ
¸ų˹Ҷģʲôû˵ֻǿԼҶӵȴ
ȥͮͮ˹˵ţҲķȥ
ֻ³¸ĸ
Ҧͮһֱ绰㣬ȴʼû˽ⲻЩǣǲǳʲô顣
ҵһֱ˽ĵ绰תһ룬ѡ˼
ι˼𡣡ҦͮüЩ㻹ֳ𣬼𣿡
绰ͷ˼˶٣ѾˣĳϣǸһҲѾ°˰ɡ
ǡû㣬ȥô˵ģҦ̫ͮѨܾԼƤҸղŴ绰һֱûнʲô顣
һ·ӻױûп֮󣬾ͱԱȥһˡȵ֮󣬼ʹңô㲻ԱߡȻ˼𲢲ϲ㣬ҲΪѼ㣬Ҹ˵ҽױһ·֮ǰ˹ˣ֮ûпӰˡ
Ȼأ
Ȼ󡭡ʲôû˵ˡ˼ŵ绰Ĭ룬ͮͮǸһﶼˣʲô鰡ܹչ˺Լġ㡭Ӧúͳ˹һɣ
šҦͮ򴽣һ˳Ҳûǰ֪ͨңҸвĸһԷ
ͰĵĺúøĸԷ˼ãбҪһҦͮģͳ˹Ѿˣ¸¾ҪˡҲҪ˹ڹ۾ͳ˹֮ʲôɣôˣµ
šҦͮüͷòͬ˼˵Ļ
Ǿȥ˹ɡ
š
ҵ绰ԺҦͮžԼһʱ֮䣬ȻЩİ
ͻȻ֪ԼոʲôֺͻȻʧȥƵģ֪Լھʲôط
ǰ˼𡭡˵û
ǳ˹δޡ
ڣ˹ĸĸҲδĹŶ棬һԷ
ôʲôԥء
ֻӦõʲôء
ҦͮԼݣԼܹ΢ƽһЩֻŽ棬߳ϴּ䣬ײ˵ȴϴּſڵĳ˹
𣿡
š˹˵ͷȥϴּôãе㵣ģԵ￴
ҦͮŴҲ˵ͷȴʲôû˵
˵
ţ
Ǻܾûкˡ˹˵ţͻȻӿڴóֻôֵüӣӦƬһ°

ҦͮЩȵʱ򣬳˹һҦͮ§סļ򣬶ԼǲҦͮһǡ
Ļ׼˾ͷ
ꡱһһƬ
̷úܿ죬ȵҦͮʶʲôʱƬѾĺˡ
˹㿪ƬݸҦͮô
šҦͮЦòǺȻЩܵĻش˵
˹Цظһ飬Ҳá
߰ɣĸڰɡҦͮ˵ţԹԵǰȥ
˹Ҧͮ뿪ıӰ¶һóѰЦݡ
лҪ˵
Լǡ
졫
ϣܼ־һЩ
һµ⣬ں½й𰸡




153 
ĸҦͮ, ˼, ոʧһ
ûû¡Ҧĸ˰, ʾ, ȥϴּ֮С˹⺢ӵľ͸һ뿪, ȫûϼһ￴ôҪء
衭˵ʲôء˹ƲƲͣʾԼĸױټ˵ȥˡ
ĸԼҶһ, ֪Ƥ, Ҳٶ, ֻһ͵Ц
˵ͮͮ, ˹⺢˽, ƽж㲻õĵطɵöൣЩ¸׻۰ӣҦͮ˵
š, ˵Цˡ˹ͦõġҦͮЦЦ¸˼, Ȼ˵ǿ, ǻ˼ȴٲΰ, ˵ϣԼܹԴ˹һЩģʵƽչҶһЩ
Ǿͺá¸ϵȲ裬ŵᴵһ£漴һ, ڣҲѾˣþҪ顣ԺǾһˣʲô뷨Ҳ˵Ҫǳ˹СӸ۸㣬͸ңǳ¼ҿɲίġ
֣˹ЩŭĿԼҸ˵ڵĻҲŲ۸ͮͮء
˵ԺȥǣסҦ֣ͮԼĿԼԵҦͮ˵ͮͮŮˣôίءһΪϣҸŮ˵ġң
Ҧͮų˹飬Լ˫ۣų˹ͶӰһ̨ʣһξá˹ݰ⣬Щء
顣
ʮ׼顣
ҲȷһԳΪһˡ
ڣǸ˵ĸŵΪʲôȴ޷ʲôӦء
޷ܾ֡޷϶
ͮͮ˹ץסҦֲֻ֣ͮԾؽ˽ϣҦܹͮӦҲϣԼĳŵҦͮҲܹӦһŵ
Ȼ˿ҦͮĳĬȴó˹ģ˶ҡ
ʼȷҦͮܲǣ֣á
ţ
𡣡˹һΣ¸½죬ǺܶԺҶ㱣֤ȻԺԥ˵ղŵһŵأ
ء
أ
ǰأ
ҡ
Ҧͮͣѵһ£󼷳һЦ˵졭ٸ㡣
졣
һܹŵĻ
š˹Цŵ˵ͷȵ˽졭
Ҧͮ޷һ𰸡
ΪţֻҪʮŲôܹжҦͮİɣôʣµһҦܻͮԸΪһİɣ
ֻҪܹȥĻ
ֻҪ
ãĲˡŲͳ͵һһذڷϡ
ˣǳԷɡ˹Ц
ҦͮϣԾɱЦݣֻǶ˼ǿΡ
ղšˡ
˹⣬һʱ֮䡭Ȼ޷شġȻʼҡˡ
һǣҡԭΪѾʼˣɵڲŷ֣ԭżһһĿ֮òĵ棬ԼĳǽȻʼ߽⣬
һսĽѾ˳£ȴ޷֮
㲻ҪϡҲûа취
˹˵һ׵ʱԺ֮ǸˡȻǼ㡣
һߡ
ֳԺȴһֱûҵҦͮȥ˼
˵ͮͮ˼վڻױ̨ǰרĵʰԼĶҸղŻһ·ʱ򣬳˹ˣһ·ٳʱûӰˡԱû˵˹ˣİһˡ
ԭͣоԼӦ˵ЩʲôŶԣȴͻȻɥʧ֯ԵЦЦ˵
֪ˡվԭأ漴˵ͷ˼˵ллҡţת뿪ˡ
˼̧ͷŵӳھļ뿪ıӰһ˼
صӰʱʣµĹԱǶڽβҵԼİһԱ˼°ˡ
ȥͣȡ˳һڳĿһУ˫ĿҲ֪ԼЩʲô
Ȼ˹ֵĻҦֲͮ뿪ôԼᣬȥ
ӡ
㲻֪Լܾܲʹ˵óһ𰸡
ҲӦȡһ¿
Ӱ﷭ֻ
ֻǡһ绰ȥˡϻһԷ𡭡ʲôģûɣ
ֻĻӦÿ԰ɣ
Ȼ
ûڰҵԼֻ
ϼùĵ绰ԡԼҹùǰѵ绰·Żذȥ𣿣
ǡ
̲סЩԳ
춼ҡ
˵ҲӦô㣿
ǡѡ˭ء
˹ǸһȻĻһҪԼԷʲôİɡ
ô㻹
һֱڵĻ
뵽ҧҧ˾˳ӣҦͮԼõĲ
֪ǶǴҲ֪һԸľãܹлҦͮһ𣬻Ҧͮת⣬ֻһжڶһ١
Ȼ֪𰸣ôʱ䣬

Ȼ
ĸлдˡҦͮЦŵл
⺢ӣ˵ʲô¸˰֣ǺδϱһԷأʲôллġ˵Ժ󣬳¸Ҧͮļ򣬡Ժ󣬶һˡҪô
һˡҦͮĶܾùֵֹģرǿų¸עԼҦͮЩȻ
ڰʾԼʲô𡭡
ղԼͳ˹֮ĶԻȻǶϲʲô˰ɡ
šҦֻͮЦЦҶ˵Щʲô
ǺãҸС˹Ȼȥˡ¸ų˹С˹ǵͮͮؼҡ漴̧һ͸ŵ棬̾˿컹ôõôڴϵľ꣬Ҫע⣬ɱʪˡ
֪ˣְ֡˹˵ͷȥ·Сġ
ˣ˾㻹ô¸˵ţ§ųĸ뿪ˡ
ĸټ·СġҦͮЦŵ߱㱻Ĵ
ˡ
㡭һ˰ɡ
ͮͮͮ
ţҦͮع²ߵĿ˹
߰ɣؼҡ
ˡԼȥ͡ҦͮЩģȻ֪㻹ڲҪȥһۡ
Ϊô
£ʧ
ڴ֮ǰܾΣҲεϣܹ
ڣȴҡˡ
ϲĻܹʧȥ
ԡ˹ľܾô꣬ҲؼҲġ
ǡ
Ծǲԡ˹ŲҦܾͮĿǣٴαʾܾ
ô˵ţһ§סҦͮȥӴԱѾѳſˣ߰ɡ
ҦͮüЩĲԸ˳
лҪ˵
ǡ
ǵ졣
ϣֵܼľһЩ
һµı⣬˵ˡ



154 
ллһؼҡ
˹ͣҦͮſ, Ҧͮ⿪˰ȫ, Ҫ³뿪, ȴ⧲ı˹ס֡
ʲô𣿡
˹Ҧͮ, Ĭ˺һղųԷʱ, ûлشҵ⡣˵ȵ죬ҡһȵġȵǽ, ׿ڸҴ𰸡
Ҧͮ, ȴֻ¶һ, š
ǡһȥˡ
ȥɡ˹ԾץҦ֣ͮûзſ, ˵, Ժһֱæûʱݷһĸ
´ΰɡ졭Ҧ֪ͮΪ, ʼĪĿܳ˹Ŀ
񡭡ﶼػԼһ㣬, ų
ղײա, 𣿡˹һһĽ, ȴȫãֻҪһ㣬ٿһ㣬ǡܹҦͮ顣
ȻѾˣǡΪֹ, һֱֻʲôڸɰͰ͵ĵȴĻ˹ġͻӿǳĲ
ãҪЩʲôáһҪЩʲôֻԼһֱæһֱææûʱȥ˼룬ܹԸƽһЩǿ궯ġ
ô˰Ҧͮʵǲף졭׼ȷ˵Ӧڶ֮󣬳˹ͿʼԾˣ
ֻ죬űֵرԡ
ôˣ˹Ҧͮ˫ۣЩ˸ȴû˵Լĵʵ뷨ֻһ㣬˵šǻǰ־֢ɣ
Ҧͮ򴽣ûнӻ
߰ɡô˵ţ˹˳ߵʻߣţҦͮ֡
Ҧͮһ۳˹֣ûн
˹Ҳ⣬ԹԵȥǣסҦ֣ͮһͬ³ţһҦͮļҡ
ѽͳͳˣҦĸϲ˵С˹Ҳ˰
̺á˹ǣҦ֣ͮߵҦҦĸ͵ҸոմͮͮҰһ극Ծˡ
ԭҦĸ˵ͷллǼͮͮԺͮͮɾһӶˣ
ðͮͮԸĻҿ֮ء˹֮ζҦͮİ⡣
Ҧֻͮǿĳ˹Ĭ
⺢ӣĵĶǼͮͮϣɲǺมҦĸͻȻü
˹һԺ֮ܶ뷨
硭Ҧͮͼ֮Ǹǡ
硭ҦҦĸԴҦͮôġ
ֱ硭ҦͮԸ޸Լ
ԽٽԼԽûġ
Цݣôϡ
ǱǼͮͮԶ𡣡ҦĸȻЦĬ˵ԺǼͮͮˣɲñ۸
衭Ҧͮеȥˡ
費˵ˡ֪ƤҦĸЦͮͮ鷿ҺһĻɣ
æǾͲ˰ɣˡ˹æڰ֣ôȻͮͮѾȫˣҲٶˡһٸ̺Լʱ䣬Űݷá
⺢ôʲôǶһˡҦĸεҡҡͷ
Ҧͮߵĸߣץס֣ʲôû˵
ӦõӦõģСӦġôҾ͸ˣټҲ˵һ̫ע塣˹΢΢Ϲ
úúáҦĸҦͮһͳ˹ſڣ·ϿСİ
õģлл̡˹˵ͷƫƫͷҦͮ˵һԷɣȥ˾㡣
Ҧͮûоֻܾǵ˵ͷĬ˰ɡ
ȵ˹Զ֮ҦĸǣԼŮ֣صһͬڿɳϣС˹ûкͺ𣿡
ûгܡ
ǲ֪ûгܡҦĸ򴽣һ˵֮ദҾáǳ˼Ƶġ
˵û
Ҧĸ˰ֹ֣ԼŮҪ˵ȥĻûУСС˹֮顣Ҫ㣬ǿҪˡȻҲϣ֮ᷢչǸزǡ֮ĻԽڡ
Ҧͮ˿Լĸף飬ôһ̣
ϣ㿪ĵĳޣϣΪ˼˶ˡǼҲҪ޳ȥҦĸĳ˵
ŮҪˣ飬ôܲˣı֣Ҳ̫һЩ
һʱģһʱĬһʱ̹ȻһʱƵģҲ֪ô¡
ҦĸҲϵʣҦͮҲ˵ġ
Լʮ»̥ŮԼô᲻˽أԸ飬˭ûа취
ҵ飬֪ôҦͮرסԼĸף裬㵣ˡ
ɵӣ˵ʲôءҦĸȰḧԼŮͷˣطȥϴϢɣ㻹ϰء
š
ˣ˵СǺӳˣҦĸͻȻ뵽֮ǰͷӸ˵ģôֺͺˣ
㡣ҦͮµĻش
⺢ӣôôʡءҦĸε̾һ
һطˡҦͮôһ仰طˣڡʵڲȥЩ顣
Ǽ㣬ǳ˹
ͷˡ
һߡ
žડ
˭贩ԡۣϷĤߵأıʪյļ㣬ۡǡȥˮˣ
ûСˡûдɡȻǿ˳ͣóԺ󣬶ж㲻ʱ
ȥԡϴ裬ɱ˰ҵĴС㡣һĸĿðôҸҡһϴһš
šޱ飬ֻľګĽӹݸϴԡۣȻԡҡ
ԡ
ˮԼͷϣ˳¡
һֱڲȣȻȵˣûг֡
ҲԤ֮аɡ
Ȼʧ䣬Ȼеʹǡ񡭡ܹܰɣ
ϾϾҦͮǱ˵δް
˵ġ
뵽̲סҧ
ϴԺԡԡңùãҵֻҷĶˣ
㴲ߡӿﴫôҲҴ绰ߵˣĵ绰ͷ㴲ˡ
มߵߣֻʮͨδӵ绰Ѷ
ӡҴ绰ˣֻǿϧǴˡ
ַһ¼ѶҦͮ˵ܱǸ첻ܸԼЦЦȻЦһЩɬ㡭ҲڳܷΧ֮ڡ
һ
İ롣
㿪һƬ
ƬǣҦͮͳ˹
һ̣о඼ͻȻֹͣˣ߾ô۽Ƭϡ
˸˻Ƶġ
񡭡һֻ֣סĲӣĺʼȻӲۣǴȴʼÿհףʶҲʧ
ˮ𡭡
ȻĻôͻȻ֮䣬ϡ
ʲôģߡ
ߴҲıϸ΢
С㣬С㡭㣿
лҪ˵
ǡ
ǵ졫ϣֵܹþһЩ
˼ÿ춼µͦ
æŰؼңҪݼҺԼܣΪкܶණҪ
оżչһֶӡ
ֻܳϵʱ֣ѣ
֪ۼ㡫
һ»ģң
ľͲ˵ܾ͸



155 
µһ, ҹǴ, ȴ, һϴ֮, Ҳؿʼת
ҦͮΧһĻҰɫΧſ߽
鹧ʺá
硣
šҦͮ˼λ, 漴ײüͷŷӦ, , 簡
ʺԺ, Ҧͮ⡱زŸ߸Ь߽Լİ칫ȥȴ̤ſڵĵһʱ, ͣ˽Ų
˶, תѾͶ뵽֮е飬顣
ǡվ, ܣʲôԸ
㡭Ҧָָͮλ, û𣿡
ǡ˵ͷ
šҦֻͮԼոյй, ⲻŵ, λûˣİûУ϶ǻûǡϰ˵ĻҰ칫ҡ
õġӦ֮, ¡
ҦͮԵĵ˵ͷתص칫ȥ
ȻʲôҪ˵ĻƵģ۷С
һòվЦʵʲô飿
ˣûʲôҦͮҡҡͷҲ֪ԼղЩʲô֪Լ˵Щʲô鷳ˡ
õġ
šһΣҦͮεĻصԼİ칫ڡ
Ű칫Ĵ͸ż⣬ʵΪġȴء
˵ֵҴһ㣬࣬࣬еʹ
ʮԺ
飬ôҦͮ˰칫ҵߵ绰ѯ顣
ܣûʵش
šҦͮҧҧĬ˼˵ǡ˵Ļϸҡ
õġ
ҵ绰Ժ
ֻԼ˶ˡ
Ҳ֪Ҧͮô£Ӿʹһͨߵ绰ȷϼ㵽ϰûС
ǡ
̧ڰ칫ڿճ˼Ҧͮ
Ҧͮ칫İҶûֻҪ̧ͷܹһۿ㾿ϰûС
бҪߵ绰Լô
Ȼڰ칫ڸ޷רĹҦͮȫȻûзһ㡣
ֻã˺ܳܳʱ䡣
ǡ㻹ûг֡
Ű칫ҵ͸λϣһˣһ
յġ
ԡ
죬ûиԼǡͲϰ֣࣬Ǳĳͷ
Ҧͮ̾һо޷Ͷ뵽֮С
ЩԼϵļݣֻһ֣ûа취ӡԺ֮УЩϸµе֣ͻȻͱƵģ۾ɨһһУҲֻǹĿ֮Ժ
ʮӺ
顭ҦͮͲסִ߸顣
ԺҲ֪ҦͮҪʲôҲĻش˵ܣС㻹ûϰࡣ
Ҧͮ˫Ŵ⣬Ŵ
šҪҰһ²𣿡СڻûӦʲô°ɣԿˣŲҲ˵أ
ˡҦܾͮˡ
漴ҵ˴ͨߡ
ȻҪʵĻԼ׿ʡ
ţ²ˡ
õĻشǣ졭û١ǲٻ¼٣û
Ҳ˵޹ȱˡ
ôΪĶͷ˾绰һ¾Ҳ޿ɺǰɣ
˳µҵһڣҦͮͨ˼ĵ绰ŵ绰ġס˺Ϊһ룬绰пܱͨöᴫĶС
ϧǡҦͮڴȵͣûܵȵӵ绰ԡң绰ԶҶˡ
Ҧͮģֲͨ˼ĵ绰
Ȼġ
Ҫ绰ġĹĵʱ򣬵绰ͨˡ
ι绰ﴫİŮ˵
Ҧͮ˶䣬һ̣Ժ֮ã˭
û뵽ֻһֵѣѾҪӵ绰ˣǱ
˭ûеõشҦͮһΡ
Ǽ裬СĹùáԱţͮͮɣǰġ
ޡ֣ҦͮԺ֮ѰŹڡ衱еϢĹùð֪㾭
Сᾭ𣿡绰ͷЦѵ˵һͺܴŮ𣿲ȻĻôáƺأʾʹ󣬵ǻûϵҪҦͮ͵ƺ
˼ùãһʱ֮ʧˣϣ㲻Ҫ⡣ҦͮǸȴѿڶҲ˼衰ùá
ûϵԭ㡣ʾ⣬ڡСһҹùõķϡ
Ҧͮʶոγƺġ
ء軰һתһùáʲôݺأдˣ˵أͮͮ
֮ⲻܹˡ
Ҧͮˣûн¼Ļ硣
ȿȡȿȡ绰ͷصĿ
ôûʹùãʲô𣿡ȻЩԶҦͮˣǼĿ
ţСأ꣬ǸðǷգڻڴϢĵҦͮԺûĿһڴϵļ㣬Ǹ˵û¶ʲôҰϹԸʲô
˼εİԼ񵽱
𡣡Ҧͮһ㶣˰ͻȻɥʧ˷Ӧ
԰һյͦģڻЩءȷӦ˵أΪڹ˾е㼱£ҪŻȥСûչˣҲ̫ģҲ֪˭չá
˵Ժ󣬼賯żʹ˸ɫǼȴǳϵģ˶ڱһ㷴Ӧ衣
ҧߵߣԼűӾһ١ᡱʹż
Сųģڼ飬˵ָˣҪǼܹһʮǧգܹѹָɽµ
һУԲˬ
ΣеͶ
ŵ绰ҦͮòǺôˣ˵𣿡
šװЩΪѵ˵С㻹أجΣҲ֪ʱ˶Ƚϴԡ
ùáڷչ𣿡Ҧͮ붼ûѿڶˡ
Ȼ绰ͷļüɫ裬ţ͵仰ء
Լ𣬻լ
Լء
ǺãϸϹҦͮ˵㿪ʼʰùãȱߣҸϵٻع˾Ͼ͵ʮӾͺá
ã𼱣·Сĵ㡣
ҵ绰Ժ󣬼賤ĺһ
ƳһۻԼڱļ㣬Ǹ㲻㣬绰ɰֻһߣֻĸͷβҲӣҰʾչ㣬Ҫ㷴ӦҲԸ⣬ôõĻҪ˷ء
Ծڱ治
ϲҪ¸ȥ׷һ֪ҽ㣬ɷû᲻ãĺ¸¾Ҫô
ô֪Ƶӱﴫ
ϴ㲻ҰôΪ˷һ㣬Թͮͮ飬еûҶ˽һ¡ɴûյ̡
ĬһȻĬĬƿ˱ӵһǣŨŨı˵ֻǲ롭ַʽͬҡ
̲סЦˣҪЦˣ
ЦʲôֻҪҦͮΪԼˡԲͬ飬ҪַʽҦͮ
ЦˡЦҡҡͷû㣬Ͳ绰ˡҲ㲻ӵ绰Ժ㣬Ӳ˵һιʱ򣬾жϳҲ㡣
һΣҲżȻ
ˣǱȻ
ô㲢öˣҺͮͮĽ顭ΪңҲ
ܣıײɡ
缾˵
ʱ˾ͻܴ
ԽǴԽױۡ
ԽǱۣԽ߽ͬ
㲻Ҫһ𣿡轫̵ϣһĿż㣬Ȼǳ綼һĻҪЩءлĻΪʲôأҲһȤ𣿡
ȤʲôġֻǱĲȡͬˡ
Ǻã㷽ʽһ¡˫ֽϣ͵飬ȡͬ飬ˡԸΪԸⱻ㡮áأ

Ҫȡͬ飬ԸĿʹⲻȤôεİ˰֡

Ҳ˰ղŵ绰棬һ˵Ҳչ㣬ҪϹЦЦһĻô̷е飬Ϲ㣬أ
𡭡ί˵ǡûнӵ绰û˵ġ
üһ˿ֻֻӫĻϵ˼¡
ùáڷչ𣿡
ǺãϸϹ
ùãȱߣҸϵٻع˾Ͼ͵ʮӾͺá
ֻãҹù˼š
̧ۣϼ۾
ֻ˵ֶŮķϣ¼Ͳл˹
·
лҪ˵
¡
ڣ֮ǰ£
졫ϣܼ־һЩ
һµݣ˵кܶ࣬ʱ䲻ҷŵߺ˵



156 
, ҦͮͼԼһ𹲽, ǽȴʧԼ
ڼʱ, ڸԼᡣ
, żԲڴҦͮͷϵһдС, ֻΪϵߡ
һе̬ɶ˻
𼱻ǵĸϵ˼ļ, ԭҪʮӵĳ, ӲǱѹʮӡ
Ҧͮվڼļſڡ
˿, ࣬ڿ
֪, ǳŮ˵ֱҦܾͮ, ֻҪţ߽ļЩͻῪʼòһ
Ȼ, ݲ룬ȴ˶, ˼ҵš
ûһ, ſˡ
ͮͮɣŵȻǼ, ЩûƯ˲ء
šҦͮ˼ĵ˵ͷùùˡ
ɡ壬Ҧͮ˽
ⲻҦͮһļңᳵ·, Ҳ󣬱ϾֻһסҲֻһȻȥ
ߣС˵С֪Ҫɿˡڵʱ򣬵ŵž˯ˡ
šҦͮ˫û뿪ǰڡʲôҪȥ룬ֻҪ㡣
Ҧͮļ㣬˯ĺڴϣԼ˱棬óΪ䣬˶һš
ҦͮļǣͻȻñһᡣ
Ĵ
վһԣĬĿҦͮעӼ˫۾һ˿
ȻˣҾС˵鷳չСˡ
šҦͮԾɷڼ˯ϣӦԺԹԵߵĴ¡
һùԼ״ϣ֮ǰƳһҦͮƬ̹ߵҦͮߣļ˹֣ʾһ˵Ľ̸ᳳ˯еļ㡣
ʲô𣿡Ҧͮʵ
šֻͻȻ뵽һ飬ҪͮͮĿ˫֣ᣭڣɫĴµĿڴϹЦݡ
ţù˵Ҧͮ׼ڣǴӦ
ںˣһ״̬£ʾҪʱ򡭡ͮͮĻηӦء
ҦͮһˣⲻǱ˵֮ˡ
ʵ˵Լĵ뷨û֮ǰҪشκˣڸ⡣
šҵĿҦͮ۾΢˸ǾáںˡҲ÷ֵȼɣ嵽˵ĻҺѶԼ̶ȹߵش𡣡
迴Ҧͮһ淢뷨ģ̲סƫƫͷţҶղ飬Ҧܹͮ۶Ц˵ร˵Ȥ
Ҳ˵ԣֻܾ԰ɣ΢ü
ǡ
Ǻá˵ͷˣǼСأáʲôӦء
Ҧͮͣʲôû˵ڣû뵽ôֱ˵
֪Ļ˵ҲûϵһֻǣʿˡһйҪع˾ȥչǼСㆪ
šõġҦͮͼ赽ſڡ
軻ЬŰͻȻһת뵽𰸵ĻԸС㡣롭ӦûڴĴ𰸡

ݰݡ
š
뿪ԺҦͮžһ
ô˵ء
ڣֻˡ
˵Ҳþûļˡ
Ǵʲôʱأ
ǡҪģ¼㿪ʼɡ
ԺҲһҲ̤һ硣
ɽ죬ٴ
ζʲôء
𰸣Ѿ֮ˡ
ҦͮȴЩٷԼȥ
صķ䣬ߣһֱע˯
ʱ䡰ણણડĹȥ
֪ʱҦͮſ˼ߡ
ߣʼû뿪
ȴͻȻ۾öҦͮԼ˫ͬʱεĸ飬۵ס
ҦͮûϵͻȻѹˣһʱ֮Щ֪Լ۾Ӧÿ˫۷˾֮޴ţֻĴܡ
ˡӱһֻḧסҦͮգΪ޴ŵ˫ۣҵȷ㣬ҡ
㣬ﰡͻȻ֮˵Ҫ
ֻЦЦüģǾáעӵĸоܺáǰܶΣ㿴ʱרעֻҪһͷܹߡ
һЩ𡣡ڼĸҦͮûоܾżḧҲоĴĹ̡
ûʲôҲǺأҳԵҩ˯һͺˡοҦͮ˵
Բ𡣡ûܸԼҦͮĺܱǸ
ҪҵǸЦݣĿҦͮˣɬ´ƽ˵ҵҲãҼҵҲãҴ߽Ϊ˵Բġ


еԶ
˭Ĵܹһɵ̬еĲ졣
ԣرеĴڡ
ﲻҵĵ绰ҲؼѶҡ𡣡ҦͮЩί˵
ǰѳ֮ףԼΪʲôôίأӦίҲʸίˣŲڴϰ
ⶼǣ߳ĳë
Ϊû绰㲻˵
Ҧͮ˵ʹ˼˵֪˹ˣȥ𡣡
עҦͮ۾ϵЦݣûӰĬԺ˿϶Ļش𣬡ǡ
Ǵˣ㲻취ȴ绰ȷһ𡣸һ绰Ҳ͸ɰͰ͵ڲȰܳؼҡ
ҡҦͮԹģż˿ȷ˵ֻҪȷһ¡㾿ѡ˭˵ԺḧҦͮյ֣Ĵ
ûѡңҵ֮С
ǣһǺѹ
Ҧͮôأʱļ㣬Ĵ
ںˣһ״̬£ʾҪʱ򡭡ηӦأ
Ժ֮УͻȻղż⡣
ηӦ𡭡
ǡ
ǡѾд
ʱ˿̣ڼǰ
⣬ѾǴ
ûѡҦͮͻȻ
㲻˼
Ҵûѡ
㡣
Ǹˡһֱ㰡
졭ͻȻҵģȫû֪ҡԺ㲻ɷ˵ץ뿪ȥ˲ұϿ͹ȥ㣬û뵽˹ĸĸҲڡҦͮͼ͵
ԭԣΪ˹ĸĸҲڣŲ뿪
ô˹ĸĸڣǲǾͿΪҦͮȥ
οԼŻܹùһЩɡ
˵ûѡΪûиһѡǲ𣿡ҦͮͻȻĮ˵
㿴Ҧ֪ͮηӦ
ϲʱ㲻ϲҡҪȥϲˣȴ˵ϲҡҦͮ˵˵ţ㿪ʼӼֿǻиҲϲĻ𣿡
Сͮ
Ҧͮ۾ʼ΢΢죬ģˡ
֪Һܲʹ֮䡭˺ܶõʱ⡣޴˵ڣٸһλһ𣬰Щõʱ⣬ȫ
𡣡Ѿ˰
ԡֻҪ㻹ϲңֻҪϵͷһԡȦסҦͮ


ԸҴ𡣡Сʵ
ھߣѾõĴ𡣡
Ҧͮ˼ЦŽ§ø
лҪ˵
¡
졫ϣܼȥ

һรģ


157 
ʲôоء
İ, ʲôӵأ
ûиܹ
Ϊûо, ÿһε, ˵, ǵһΣһеĸо档
Ҳϲ
ԭ̸, һôõ鰡
˿̣ؽҦͮ§뻳, άӵѾþúþ, õǸ֪ѾǼʱ֡
ǰ, ӵĸоڼҦͮ˵, һĶҩ
ֻӵѡ
ȴ˵˸еİ
һ̵Ҧͮ, ·Ѿ׿һС
ʲôݣʲôԱʲô롣
ͨͨԺ֮С
, ˵ֻҪ㡣
񡭡ص˴ѧʱƵġ
һʶ, Լϲϼʱ, ʲôûпǹ, ֮ϵҲãǵԱҲã˵۹ҲãʱûȥǹЩ
ֻһо, ҲĵһֱǱǡҪ㡣
ҦͮҪһ
ϲȥ׷
Ȼô׷˾ˡ
ֻǡһģȻȻĿ㣬ס֣ĳ磬ռߡ
ϲ֮⣬֮ദ״̬
ڡ
ȥǣ֮һݡȱٵĶ
ǰ
ҦͮһֱҪӼϵõȴһֱûܵõĶ
ɽ죬㽫ҪһУҪһУ
磬밮
Ҽңû𣿡㱧Ҧͮ˺óóʱ䣬Щ᲻ɿ֣ʵ
ûġҦͮʶĻشʵҲ֪Լ޹ʿʲôĺ
ֻǣ֪һ̣ס޷Լȥܼ㣬֮ǰװӶҪѡ
ǲôǡ޷
ˣ룬Ҳֻҵôɡ
ûСҦͮҡҡͷ
ڼĻ棬·¶ȡ
Ȼ濪ůΪڷյĹϵ±ƽҪһЩȻҦͮһ㶼ȣ෴ֻԽԽʡ
ڻҪ˯ˡ
ǡ˾˵ȥͻ̸£Ǹ߲쵼õļȻַʽ֪ġ
ҲûСҦͮҡҡͷ
ǡôͻȻҼ𣿡
šҦͮ˵ͷŴ˸ǷԽԽĸо
û뵽ɺÿĻȣôҰ
ΪҦܾͮǲˬԼǰǱ˺Щڷۼ׷ԼԼȴ׵ؾʹӦһôһҲ̫ƽ˰ɣҲûС
šЦü۶ˣ˵ûоûаɡţ΢΢ͷյҦͮĶ˵֪УͿˡ
ιҦͮյȭͷҼ㡣
˵ġͻȻЦݣһץסҦ֣֪ͮ㻹Ǻܽңĺܸˡ
ָĦҦͮġ
ҦͮûҲûסֻ֣Ǿ˵ţҪ˵ĻԴӣֱҪ֮ҵͺܲáÿ춼֪ԼҪʲôоҲȤȻ˵ұҲûжϲǸǡֻǴﵽɹĳ̶ȣ˵Ҳʼѡ
ԣ˼˵Ҧͮһеʼٸ
ʱԼԷҲ˵ûʱ䣬еʱ򡭡ԷԼ㣬һܹ㣬Ƕʱ䡭ҴĿУĻǾܾҲǸʱҲŷ֡ǡǸʱҲʶǡġҪ顣
ô˵أָо
һʼҦͮġֻ֪ͨǴ֪棬˽Ҧͮɡ
ǽأġġˡ
е֪ɡ
ʱԽʶҲǿңġҲʹ
Ҫ˵ЩҦͮ׼Ҫʲô˵ǼҪ˵˵ǡоֻѡ
ǣûʲôֻǡͻȻпһ¡ĵ˵һֱҪϣûʲôΪȥ㣬ûǰЩֳǿơԣʵһֱܺ£Ļ˹顣
˵̲ס˽Ҧͮ˫֣֪ǲΪԵʣܺ¡ʱһУֻ룬һΣ۾пܡֻһ˴档
ҦͮЩĬ򴽣Ȼؿ˵ĸ˹˵Ļ㡭𡣡
ĬããŻش˵Ҳɡ
ιҦͮʾǳĲ𰸣ô׾ͷˣ˵ģͻȻеʵԼﻹˡ
΢΢һЦҦͮĹĵգֻǾá˺ͳ˹̶ֳȣô١ԣ˹һһҪλãǸλø߹ҡ
˵𣿡
ǣǾãȻѡ˻ҾͲȥ㡣˫Ҧͮǣһǻϲ㡣
˫ۣעҦ֮ͮǰҲ˵һһֱġֻҪҪͷҶվ㿴üĵط㡣
㰡Ҧͮҧ´ƽȴ˼ΣǰʼǸԽôִǡЩִ飬˵Ƶᣬν
ҲԽһֱϲҲ˵ء
ԽҲûϵ㽫յҦͮǰͷŶͷ΢Ц˵ôûϵ
ǣйϵҦͮü˵
԰
һֱ
Զǡûϵ
ҦͮһΪġûϵйϵ
ΪڣҲܹûϵףһֱףҦͮԣǾرĴڡ
ֻǡûǷݾԴڡ
ãף
ߡҦͮ˸ۣΪ˵ûܹ֮ǰŪһȻһʹôûôء
Сͮһ˵ҪôҶġ
Ҧͮſͣأˣǡȸұ۾ú˯
ıд˲⣬òײҦͮϲھ۾˯ҪҲ̫˰ɡ
ˣһ˯Ҧͮ˵ţɵ˼ߡ
˯ŴĸоŴζҲ˯ԼԵһͬߵʱ⡣
š£ԹԵҦͮߡ
һεĻֻϣⳡΣԶѡ
ǣ𡣡ʵ
Ҧͮһ㶡
졭̤䷿𣬾̫༾˵ɥˣšҲܹµĴԴڴ˿ʡ
ɲ֪ΪΡ
ί̬еۡ
ʱ㡣
Ϊңȴڽڰˡ
֣뼾ཻʮָۡ
Ųߣ㵽ĻУ̵¡
ֱѹΪֹһһֱߵġ˵
ֻǵΪֹ𡣡ͷҦͮĶһǡ
ǡãͶáڣɫԵҲܹһΡ
ð¶ЦݣЦԵǹĺƵģҪȺܾûҪá
лҪ˵
ǡ
ҽڰؼǣ
ﶫö࣬ҡʰѣ
ڰ죬ϣܼ־һЩ
һ°˵üģ˵
ô簮Ըһ¡
һ¾͵üƽ



158 
ڼ˯Ҧͮ, һ೤Ρ
, һƬãã硣
վڲԶ, 
Ҧͮỽһ, 㡱
漴ת, һЦݵĿϵǷݵ, ͵ꡭһģһ
Լ, , ߵԼǰ
һΣûվԼߵȥ
, Լ
·һ֡϶˵ĸо
ԭһ, ԼҲΪᶨѡˡ
ȴûеõҸС
ΣͻȻˡ
Ҧͮ۾, ԼǰģǼŴ˵˯, ˯, Ծǡ
˯Ŀ찡
, ıǼ⡣
ģҪҧһڡ
Ҫһµģֻ񶯵Ķ
Ҧͮŵ˴Լֻһ, ͨ˵绰˼ôˣ

ʲô𣿡ܾ˼żּС
˹绰ҹң˵Լ˽һԷģ㣬˵һͳȥˣһֱûлع˾绰㣬ûӣʹң֪֪ȥˡ˼͵
ˣ˼ôһѣҦͮ񡭡ôһ£졭òǴӦ˳˹ҪһԷġ
ӡǲ飿绰ͷ˼̲סҦͮʲôʱ±հǰ˺ˣ
أڵȻﻹżʣ桭ƺѾµ˼֡
ܹҦͮ˷ˣܹмأ
ҡҦͮתһԾɱ۾˯లȻļ㣬ʱ˼ְ뼸˿⣬ڡҡˣԡ
˼һû˵ʲô
˼𣿡û绰Ҧͮ˺֡
Ҹ˹˵ԼԷһʱ֮Ǹ֪ͨˡ˼룬ҲֻܰҦͮˣȻܹ绰ѯ֮ǰһܶε绰ˣֻûӡ˵ֻô࣬Լ͡
һжѾԤס
һֱáڰϣľܾӱܣ˹磬Ҧͮѡ
ҦͮģᶨҲ֧Ҧͮļᶨǡݼᶨڼ³Ժ󣬿ʼһһ߽⡣
ҲԹ壬˼𿴵̫ˣֻһֱû˵ڡҦͮģšѾ˾
šҦͮģΣ¸Ҫ˹ˣڡȴܹ˹лˣΪδޣʧְ
˼ҲЩ˼Ȼǹۣһֱ˼𶼲̫ϣһΪ˼á˺ף˼ǲҪܵ˺ڿƺ˼ʧˣлл㣬˼𡣡Ǻܸжģʼգ˼ʼվߡ
֮ô˹˵ġ᲻ţһˣԼúøһ°ɡǸʵʵ˵ҲãǼԲҲãΪ֮ɡ
ţסҦͮ˵һúôġ
ҵ绰ԺҦͮһ
Ȼò׺ͼһ𣬵ͬʱֶ˺ܶ鷳Ҫȥ
ߵ£滹ȵģ䲻رߵץסˡ
Ҧͮһͷȥϼ۵Ц⣬ʲôʱѵİ
š򴽣ԥӦøҦͮʱʲôʱźãšҵ绰̾ʱ򣿡
𣿡ҦͮüһԲŵӡ
ƭЦЦڱѰҦ֣ͮһǣסʵ´ӵ绰ʱҾˡ
𣿡Ҧͮһż㻹Щģ;ñǸ
û֪İһǳ߰ǣסҦ֣ͮ쵽Ҧͮǰң㲻˵Ҫһֱߵ뿪ˣҵȻҪϿѹץס㰡
Ҧ̲ͮסһۣǷ˼㣬ʱô鿪Ц
Ϊҡ顭úܼ֡𡣡ȻҦͮͨݣòǺǿҦͮı飬Ҳܹµ绰ݴŸѲ˹ϵ
ҵ⡣ҦͮҪǣⱾ˹֮飬Ҫ˹Ǩŭڼ㡣
ҡ
Գ˹ھεģȻҪúô飬ûϵҲá
ɵСͮô᲻á֣ظҦͮգ˫¶˲̺ۣҦͮԸᣭ֣ȥЩ飬ǳڹ
ǰģȴҪҦͮһȥԣһȥЩ̯ӣôܹе鶼İõķβء
֮ҦͮҡҡͷԸ
ȻԵʲô
ȣҪԼԼĸⷽ棬г˹ĸŵǸǱزٵģҲһٻܵǵԹָ𣬻г˹֪ôܹ˺͡
ҸһȥŰݷһ³˹ĸĸɡ֮ǣԸҦͮһеָҲãҲգܹ֮Ҧͮܵ˺а̺壨ҦҦĸҲǣԵŸǵǸ
š
ҲõҩʱˡָָҦֱͮϵʱ䣬һ˯ôãҲ˰ɣҪҪԵʲôɡ
ǱˡҦͮס֣Ҫֹ㻹Ųǻǽɡ
ô˵ˣߣҵĲͺˡЦü۶ˣͷҦͮĴһǣǳֹ
֪ǲǸһΪ¶˱磭أ
о֡İ⣬ɽ緢һһֱôֹֹס
ңþûгҵ˰ɣ㵣ĵĻҾ򵥵ͣٴȥԺõģţ˵ԾӴ뿪ֻһףߵ˳ӱóʳģʼ
ҦͮЦŸڼΣ̲סڴһֱܻҲԼֲԣȥڴѧڼ䣬ôһ·衱ġ
֡֡
ֻǼֻҦ֪ͮ˵յѶ
ҿһʲôݡڲֻ̫߲Ҧͮ˵
ôҰѵ͵С𣿡Ҧͮü
ǰûܡε˵һ㶼Ҧͮ֪̽й飬෴ģǸ²Ը˽ء
仰һƽĻɲ֪ΪΡӼ˵ڣٴҦͮĶ棬ȫζ
ô𡭡˰Ҧͮϲˣȴúã˵ʱǵĻȣʼƽͬ
飬
òͬ
Цһ飬ǵһĻȣǡһħ㣬롰ƽͬ
Ҫ𡣡ͷĹĵŲϣʶľͻشˡ

ʲôʱô˵ˣҦֱͮźؼǡıáˣǣôǺ
ţﲻ˵ûеõش𣬼ͣеĶ̧ͷҦͮͨͨգ۵ס
ˡҦͮ仰ܵȥüֻȥˡ
㿴Ťģεҡҡͷ
ô찡ʹС磭ӣӣҲϲòء
Ϊʲôǰʱûзأ
صҵֻҦͮЦݵĵ㿪һյļѶ
һ̣Цݱϡ
Ƭ
ҦͮϸĿһ鷢Ѷĵ绰룬ȷϣաȷ˷Ѷˣǳ˹
ָֻӫĻϻ˻ҵƬ
죬˹סһյƬ
Ϊʲô
ԣʵ֪
ôôԭأ
ΪˡƼ㣿
лҪ˵
¡
ھ졫ϣһֵܼþһЩ
˵һµڣ˵ݡ


159 
Ҧ֪ͮ˹֪֪ͼ֮ʲô, ǾĿǰΪֹ, һǿԿ϶, Ǿǡ˹Լ㱧Եĵ⡣
ԵΪ, һǳ˹ʲô߲Ŷԡ򣬳˹ڸ㷢Ƭɡ
뵽, Ҧͮüżֻ, ָֻӫĻϻ˻, Ϸݡ
ȫƬ, һǴӲͬĽǶġ
ЩƬǳ˹ʱץĵ, һЩҦͮ˶ûп
ǡΪʲôء
Ȼ˹ͼ֮вԾĵط, Ϊʲôֱӳȷһأò̸һ̸
졭˹ͻȻһϵеķΪ, ǹ
ԼܹԼüڲһֱԼ
Ҧͮһ, Щš
óԼֻ, ˺ܶͨ˹δ, 㿪˳˹ĺ룬ãȴٳûвȥ
Сͮ⴫
ҦͮԼֻֻԭص˳
ôôð̧ۿһƽҦͮ, ĵʵ˭˵ʲô
ޡǡĵ֮ġҦͮûи߼ʲôֻĬĬעż㡣
˵ͷȻ˵ˣݱȽϼ򵥣㲻Ҫ⡣
ȻᰡҰһõȥ
ںԺ󣬼Ҧͮ׼ò͡
ǡҦͮԺ󣬲ſ˼㵽ЩʲôԵġ
۹ϻȾԿɡüЦ⣬Ӧû
ôҦͮЩ⣬û뵽Щ
һڹ˾ʱ򣬳˹һԷҲҡǴΣ˵ϲ۹ϻȾ򵥵Ľһ£ڼпյʱ򣬻᳢㳢
ô˵أһʱһҦͮĵĸоǱһֱƵģȷȴﵽ˰ٷ֮٣ƫ
ԭҲὫϲԵĶĬĬļ档
Ȼģȴⲻ˶һɬ
ϧǣǵһüôˡ
ó𣿡㲢֪ҦͮйֻһڴĿ
šҦͮһ϶ۡ
ǾͶԵ㡣õҪĴ𰸣ЦЦ
ҦͮҲͿˡ
ֻǣԵһʱע⵽ڷڼǰͣһδֳֻ°ͣһЦݵĿԼ
أô԰ҦͮеĲӣ㲻ϲЩ𣿡
ûֻǲЦҡҡͷԵô㣬ҾѾúܱˡ
Ҧͮ˫۶żһϸŷһ㷢ף촽Ҳܸɣü廹Ǻܲ𣿡
ûʾ⡣
Ҧͮţ̾ȥĶͷϻ˵ǾԼȻҾͲˡ
˻һЧ
̾ͲˣֻҦͮڲ
̡Ҧͮŷ֣ԭûգһתļûУĶͷ̣ҲףͻûãҪƭҰ
ֻЦſҦͮû˵
ҪɨҦͮˣοողŸҦͮһҲҪúõıһԼҦͮԼжమ
УĶͷḷ́һǴȥҽԺȴ˵ɡٸҩĻ֪õȵʲôʱŻή£ҦͮһҲȲˣ˵˼Լ״ϣҲ˼·ݸ
ûϵֻǷնѣȥҽԺҦͮ
Ҧͮʲôû˵ֻ۾ż㣬ʳָָż㣬һҵġģ
ȻҦͮʲôû˵вȴ˾
ðɡԹԵԼ·ҦͮһȥҽԺ
ȵҽԺԺҦͮ＾󣬱Żʿһȥ˲żڲϣվһߣŻʿСΪ¡
38.6档ʿСԺҦͮ˳¼ƵݸҦͮһۡ
ҦͮԺûƲƲ죬˫ŭ
Ҳûʲô¡ġֻĵЦЦϣҦܹͮ
ʿС¼ƣ˵ƿܣ׼漾Һ
㻹˼˵أյ38.6ˣ㻹˵û飿Ҧͮŭյģÿһʲô⣬˵ûϵû²Ҫʲôʱ˵йϵ˵ģҽԺʱڼҵһܵʲôʱ򰡡
ǡͷʼչЦݣҦͮ۾棬ȫûзպһ㶼Ҧͮ෴أҦͮੲݵĻ棬ȫݵ黰˵öԡҲá
Ҧͮһ̲ס˼һۣ̫û˼ˣӴѧʱӣÿ˵ʱĻشԶǡúúãǣţҲá
һ˼ûС
ʿС룬漾˵ƿ˳ĿҦͮԼͷβġ˵̡ЦŶԼ˵õƢ𱬣һء
ǼƢͷβҲûֹҦͮһֱЦĿҦͮ
Ҧͮһ;ĹĵģŲǼãƢˣû˵˵׶ּ㣡
ŵ˰ɡáĻȿʼЦҲԻʿС˵ŮѡĽ磬ż֣ȥץסҦ֣ͮʮָۣǣŮѾôԵСȸһߴߴͣ˼Цˡ
Ҧͮ꣬˲ߺȴûз˵ĻֻǵͷԼҵ
ʿСһҲ˲ȻֻЦЦûٶ˵뿪ˡ
ȵʿС뿪һԺҦͮϵı飬̧ͷϼ˫ۣһ˿Ը˵˭Ůˡ
ѵ𣿡ɴ۾޹;ȡ
ۡҦͮżɵӣ̲סЦˡ
㽫ΪԼŮѽܸ飬ʱֻû뵽죬ͻȻͳΪʵ
Ҹǲ̫ͻȻһЩء
ҦܾͮáҸ̫ˣ̫ʵƵġ
ЦʲôüͷץסҦͮСָŰѽڣ㻹ûлشҸղŵ
˵ǣǾǆҦͮסЦ⣬ϻǶĮ
ιüͷøˣҦͮǸʲô˼ѵǷ𣬡˵
Ҧͮʵûס˹ôһģôôҲδ̫ɰ˰ɣŮѡ 
ʮˣôôɰ
ѵ֪ܷ
ŷˣǵõҦͮ˵ĸ֤ˣ漴գգ۾ࡣ
𣿡
ţһ㡣
һ£˯ɡҦͮżƣܹ˯һЩڳȥһ£˾һ飬Ҵϻ˳Եġ춼ûʲôһˮӦûܶ
š˵ͷҲ뵢Ҧ̫ͮãϾҦͮѾһУܾˡ
úϢҦͮЩ᲻õģ˲伾Ķͷ۾뿪
ߵҽԺţ̧ͷεɫգð
ҦͮЦЦţһӿڴóֻڲͨǸ绰
ȻѾǼŮˣôҲӦóһЩΪŮѣӦҪеŶ԰
ι˹Ǽһ𡣡
лҪ˵¡
һºľУ
˼Է
û취µ
һм˵һš
ֻܷŵˣѣ

ʮ죬ϣֵܼľһЩ
˵һҾͦģоѽ
رǼĸʿ˵СͮŮѵʱԣ
ҪһŮѣ

һҦͮҪȥδ


160 
ò׵ȵҦͮ绰ĳ˹, ĻϲĽͨ˵绰, ǲزסϲ, ͮͮﰡ, ôһ춼ӵ绰˼Ѿ˵ˣԭԼһԷ, ôҲһأһΪ㷢ʲô, ĵòˡ
š˼Ҧͮ, ˵, һʱ֮䡭æǸˡҲãûǰ֪ͨ㡣约һˡ
ûϵ㻹ʲôء˹ʾ, ֻҪû¾ͺ
˹ͨ϶, ļ˿½ʾʱ䣬ô, ڸոæ, оǺþöûԼˡǸ, ̫æ, Ժ㡣ûϵҿдѵʱˡ
ҦͮĬ룬Ժ֮˼ӦδǲźãšҽϣǺʱ䡣, ҵȷЩҪ˵Ļϣһܼһ档
˹һʱ֮ûзӦףҦ֮ͮ䣬ΪͻȻУʲôҸо̫õӡ
ţǼ˵ɣ𣿡ЩҦͮҪڵ绰˵̫ࡣ
Ҫ˵ҲӦõ˵Գ˹һأ绰˵Ҳ̫ˡ
šð㣬棬ȥɣ
Ҷ԰ʲôʱ򷽱ͺˡص㡭㹫˾¥µǼ俧ȵɡȥ㡣
ðǡ˹ͣƬ̣˵һѴŵʱ䷢ɡ
š
漴ҦͮҶ˵绰
˹һཡཡ㵵ı飬ϡ
ܾáһֲ̫õԤС
ղŵͨ绰棬Ҧͮ˵̫٣˹ܲҦͮϲŭֱ֣Ҧͮ绰Լ֮䣬ᷢʲô
˹һĿڰ칫εαϣôͷŰãã컨壬Ҳ֪ԼԴЩʲô顣
塪塪˾ߵ绰
ι
ιܾʮԺҪ˾ܡ
ڰɡ˹ľګĻ㱨о˿̵ԼԺֻ֮һƬհףʲôֶȥʲôȥʲôݶװȥ
𣿡ǾȣǸĵʲôʱھȥԷ绰
ĵɡ
õġ
󣬳˹ҵߵ绰غɫİ칫淢Ŵ
ȻһͻȻ뵽ЩʲôƵģֻͨһ绰롣
ͨ绰ԺؿʼָһЩЦ⣬ţһѶҦͮʱ䡣
ҦͮȻһ˹˾
Ͼʱ뿪ʱֻ˵мҪΪʲô뿪Ҳûϸ˵ع˾ȥһҲ̫ãҲӦûȥһµģƶȰ²źϹذ
ܣˡ鿴Ҧ֣ͮվ΢΢˵ͷ
šҦͮҲ˵ͷǴкһҰ칫ҡߵ칫ǰ£飬뿪ڼ䣬зʲô𡣡
รġ΢΢ͷѸղŸҦ߽ͮʱŵļļݸ⼸ļ͹ģ˵ҪĿǩԺ󣬲ܹ
šҦͮӹļַֻһ£űŵһ飬˵أ
оǡ鷭ŵһļ磱㣵ҵʱ򣬳˹ҹҸ˵Ҫˡ
㣴ֵʱ򣬶³ߵ绰˵ȥһİ칫ңҸ˵ûлû˵ʲô͹ҵ˵绰
Ұְ֣Ҧͮ΢΢üҦڹ˾ʱ򣬳˹˾ʱ򣬺ٻûи˵һ֮ңȥ
ҡҡͷи³˵Ժͻϸ˵ҹȥǶ³˵Ȼ㲻ڹ˾ĻͲˡҲر˵
ԺҦͮ۾õģ֪ˣȳȥЩļϾͿǩԺһ֪ͨõġ
õġ΢΢ǷǷ뿪ˡ
Ҧͮڰ칫ǰ˺һûд绰Լϰ֣ʲôµĻӦûֱӴ绰Լ˲Ŷԡ
ǣҲ룬㿪ʼļ
ȵļȷûԺǩ֣ߵ绰֪ͨЩҶˣûʲô⡣ˣ֮ǰ²ƷƸ壬Է˾µķ𣿡
šѾ绰Ǵ߹ˣԷ˵Ҫʱ䡣ʵش
ǺðɡҦͮ˵ͷŰļݸ顣
ͷϵһЩ飬Ҧͮ˿ʱ䣬ҲˣʰԼĶ뿪߳칫ҵʱ˵Ҫȥ˾ʲôҵĻֱӴҵĵ绰Ϳˡ
õġ
ûʲôĹҪʱ䣬ֱ°ɡ
õģллܡ
漴Ҧͮȥͣȡ˳ֱӿȥ˹˾¥µĿ
Լʱ仹Ҫ絽ӡ
ȵʱ˹Ѿˡ
ʲôʱġҦͮߵǰʵ
ҲŸյѡ˹ߵҦͮԣӣ£һʿķ
лл
һô˹ЦùҦͮףϡ
㻹ӣԼʱ䣬ÿǰǱҵĻҪ硣Ҧͮɵø̾˹ⷬޱ
ҵδްǵ㼸Ӷѣʲôء˹ЦҡҡͷȫЩһ£ӦҪİ
šҦͮεӦ˹ſͣȴʲôû˵ڡ
ЩţĶʼðǰİ׿ˮӺһСڡ
ôˣ˵˵𡣡˹ҦͮΪչֳľִ١
šҪ㡣Ҧͮ˵ͷһԺ֮иֳӰϣܹһԼ¸һЩеһЩʵҽ졭
ţ
ҽϵʱ򡭡
Ҵŵ𣿡˼Ŵְߵǵǰ
˼𣿡Ҧͮһȣôᡭǳ˹˾¥µĿôɵ𡭡
˼ġ˹Ц˵
Ϊʲô
˼ע⵽ҦͮϾȵı飬Աȳ˹ϵЦݣҦ֪ͮԼ֣ǳ˹˵֮һС⣬ϣҰ˵˵飬ÿܹԭ
Ҧͮ˹ǲ⣬֮飬˹ΪʲôҪұᣭ֣ء
ԣ˹ϵЦ͸¶ֺãԲͮͮ˾̫ˣҳæŹûôʱ㣬㲻Ҫҵòã
˹Ҫ˵ġ顣Ҧͮüô˵Ļȫˡ
ҪټֱŤ˺𡣡˹˵ţվߵҦͮǰóһɫСӣϥ£ûĻɡ
лҪ˵
£
ʮһ죬ϣֵܼľһЩ
ҶԲȣѣ
˵õĽҪһµڣµġ
֡
Ҫȥɰ£
ߺɣ
һҪһʱ佲һµڣ»⼸£ѣ



161 
, ˿̻, ͸, ΪԭѾů˼ů⡣
, Ҧͮǰĳ˹ϥ, һɫСӵݵҦͮǰ, һָ
˼ű֮Ľָ, û˵, ˹ĸףڸ֪, ҦͮηӦ
°ɡ˹, ûĻʹ𣿡
Ҧֻͮעų˹, ٳûзӦ
֪ô˵ܻЩͻȻҲɣ¸ǾҪлˡ˹ƶеĽָ, ָ, ֻǸ, ǵĽָһȵǽ죬Ϊϵġ
˹Գ˹һЦݣҦ֪ͮǺãָ֪Բܹܡ
ǡʱ˿ܾ˹
Ҧ̧ͮ, ˹һϥ¹ĶͺıףѾڲٵĿⶼˣڿ˵˫۾俧ڳ˹˾¥£ܾĻһûӡ
ֹԼǰԺ俧ڹ˾ܶǣ浽֮С
ں𡣡˹ҦͮٳûзӦԼȥȡºĽָָ⣬Ҧͮ˵̫һЩҪһЩ͵ĽָҾͿһЩˣϣ㲻̫ͻ
˵Ժ󣬳˹ǵĻȱеĽָ÷һֻץסҦ֣ͮϽָ
ЩĽָһһĴҦָָͮڡ
һ̣Ҧͮų˹һȴ
ǰĻ棬ǼҽԺǣס֣ʿСͣԼŮѡ
һ롪
ҦͮԼճȭͷǸָԼУֹ˳˹ҪϽָͼ߰ɣЩҪ㡣
ס˹վ뿪֮ǰͷһֱһԹһе˼˵˼𣬰ˡҦָָͮϵĿȣʾæһ½˵⡣
ţû⡣˼ûЦ⣬ֻǵ˵ͷӦߵ̨ˡ
󣬸Ҧͮһ뿪ˡ
һߵҦͮĳߣҦͮ߳˹˵ȥһط
˹ֱҦͮ˼ϳо̫õԤУʼǿ
ԭΪ˼ڳ˵ĻҦͮٻῴ۵ķԭǽȴԤڵĴྶͥ
ҡ˾飬ɡ˹վԭûжһ㹫Ҫ
ֻҪҪʮӣԸĻȥ칫̸ҲԡҦͮץס˹֣˿̷ų˹뿪Ϊ¡֮һ뿪ģܻᡣ
˹ҧҧüͷԸٹĺҦ̸ͮȥĿǰǵ̸ܹĽȥʮӵʱҲûУɣ죬𣿡
ҦͮüͷҲţ˹ȫһܾͨӣѵһҪվڽֱ߰ѻȫ˵
壬塣ڴ˿̣Ҧͮĵ绰ˡ
˹˼ߣȫҦͮϡ
Ҧͮ룬ӿڴóֻʾǼ֡
ԥƬ̣ǽͨ˵绰ι
Сͮæ𡣡ո˯ѹһʱ䣬ƿĵҲˣŴҦͮһҿˮˡ
šҦͮһԵĳ˹Ļش˵һҪ
ޣҪҪҹ㣬˳ԵĴ㣿ˮоЩˣҲԼһ˻ؼңҡŸոոҦͮһܾԼߣǣסͻܵƵġ
ˡҦͮ붼ûؾˣЦڳ˹˼ҲڣϹ鲻ԽԽ𣬡ںЩ𡣲ټϢһ£æԺϸϹ̫ļһ˻ؼҡ
öˡûµ㲻Ҫġο˵ùҡûյĻæɣùùһؼҡ
áúϢҦͮмڼߣҲһЩ
šСվǰļİĿ⣬绰Ƶһ飬СĸҦͮ˵æҼҰɡˡ
һֵϮȫĸоֻǼ򵥵һ䡰ˡȴڴҦͮһ̣仰ʼһֱԺ֮̾᲻¡
ԭԼϲˣҲϲԼʱ򣬻һָо
޷ݵۡ
šҦͮϵı龡򶨣Ͼڳ˹˼ע֮£Ҳֵܹ̫ԣ̫Ҳ̫á
ǡֵͨ绰˵ôһ֡͵ĸоء
ҵ绰֮Ҧͮ˫ۺĶ˳˹̽Ŀ⡣
ˡ˹Ҧͮ룬һ䣬ˡͷҲصת뿪ˡ
˹Ҧͮһס󣬡ߵôأĻ綼˵ġûʱ䣬ҿһֱİ칫ſڵȣ°ΪֹæΪֹ֮ǣӱܵһʱӱܲһġǻġ
˹վӰҦͮһε˵á˵ģʮӡ󣬱ԹԵ߽˾¥
Ҧͮһ˵ݣ˼ԼӦ뿪ˣҦͮȴһȥˡ
ڻص˹칫ҵһ·ϣְԱϵͷʺãҦͮҲǣǶ֪Ҧͮǳ˹δޡ
ܾȻǡһ߽칫ңѯų˹ҦͮҪʲô
ˡ˹նľܾˣתҦͮ˵˵ģʮӡ
š
״ͷԣ˳ȥǹ˰칫ҵš
˹ַڰ칫ϣֵĴĴָʳָĦűָϵĶָƳһҦ֣ͮ桭ʲôûС
˼һԣע⵽˳˹ߵƶҲˣʼʲôû˵
˹Ҧͮһڣ˹ǿһ˼ʾҦ̸֮ͮǷӦеڳ
ʵû뵽˼˵鷴ͽ鷳
Ҧͮ׳˹˼˻˵˼ˡҡЩ飬綼֪ҵı⡭Ҳġ
˹ʲôû˵ֻǽͷƳһߣ˵
Ҧͮų˹ģҲ⣬ֻһ˫ֱֱĿ˹ƽ˵ǡְɡ
ܡ˹Ҳû뼸̾ͻؾˣֲһһ仰ܹ˵ġѾˣӶѡ˾ƵҲˣ¸¾ͽ飬˵־ͷ֡
Ҧͮûϵ˹ķӦôѸ٣˹Ŀ֮ܵУԼ飬һԸĸ˵ǵǸԭ¡
ֻҪ顣Ҧͮ˵֮ǰһЩţڣѾؿʼƽѾˡǡ֡
ǣҲͬ⡣˹ԳһЦţǾͿҪ˰ڸ˵Ҫ֣Ҳܵġ
ʵ֪˲𡣡Ҧͮų˹ŭӣ˺һ˵㷢ЩƬҶˡѾʲôΪʲô
˵˹ֹ̧֣Ҧͮ˵ȥһֶ˵ˣʲôֻ֪ǾͿҪˣҳ˹δޡ
ȥʲôء
ʲô塭ʲô壿˹Ҧͮ˫ۣɴ۾Ĳ𣬻Ϊʱ㣬ΪʲôͻȻҪҽԼҪ֣ǲǼ˵ʲôʱΪʲôܾ
˹Խ˵Խ̲סȥץסҦͮ˫֣ǲǿģ
ǡҦͮҡҡͷɫؽԼִӳ˹˫֮У룭ǸӡûǿȹʲôԼľ޹ء
޹أ˹ЦˣĲţ֪Щæڹ飬ų˶ԲԣؼңԼһԷǰѵĹϵŲܾĶԲԣ
ԣңΪ֪Լ𡣡Ҧͮüͷĺ֪֪ⷢΪǿңһֱڲңʪ˻ؼҷڼһ죬ڻҽԺˮ
ҦͮƽϣǼȻ˹飬һЩƲסԼˣ鱾ֻ֮飬˹ΪʲôҪѼǣء
Щ˹һĿڰ칫ϣ㰮𣿡
һ仰Ҧͮеŭ˲סˣҪ˵ȥĻҲȫ˺á
㰮𡣡˹Գһʳ仰
Һϲ㡣ҦͮҧӲͷƤʵش𣬡Ϊ˵ĺܺá
ȻĺܺãΪʲôҪҷ֣˹ףȻҦͮãΪҪ֡
Բ𡣡˹ʣҦͮҲشˣ˳˹𰸣Ҳ˹ˣĺܱǸ
ԭĲ𣬾Ȼô󡣡˹˵ͷȥҦֻͮ˵ʮӵˣ߰ɡ
ҦͮԾϣעһȻĳ˹
ҲӦֵġ˹ͷƳһߣԸٽҦͮעӵĿ⣬߰ɡһйҪҪ
Ҧͮû˵ʲôֻԵ˼һ뿪ˡ
ʱ¶Գ˹ٶ˵ʲôǶࡣ
лҪ˵
ǡ
ʮ죬ϣֵܹþһЩ
ʵ﷢˲̫õ飬鲻̫ãҲеϵ
ҿܻЩæ
ô˵Ҿ֤ոɡ
޷ոٸµʱһһЩġ
ǸˣԲҡ
ˣ˵һµڣ°ɡ
дڣ£ظһЩݺҦͮĶд
Կʱϣҿ԰һµݿһЩ
Ժ֮ģһʵĳͻܶࡣ
ҦͮϵĴߵ绰ȷϣ㵽ûϰࡣ
ͨҲ˵ˣҦͮ칫ҵĴûʵֻҪ̧ۿһ´⣬
ûУڲڰ칫λϣһ
ǲϵشȷϣ
˵һΪ֪û飬ϣܹˡ
ڴеҪ֡
ٽһǰµݣʵܹСͮĵ߱仯ˣ
Լµķߣһһ߽⡣
ӡѼ㵱ͨͬദɡͼƽദ
ԽԽûоܾ
ΪʼţҲϲ
ǰտʼСͮżϲ
Ϊ.ˣĳܲʧ
.ԼԸҲΪ˲岻ĽǿԼƭ
.տʼСͮĿȡһ֣Сͮķʽ
ΪҲͬķʽǭZȼҦͮǳõǺַʽ
ڵʼʩͬķʽõԼϵʱ
СͮĪһƷĸоǳ񣬲ܵ
ǰ˵һ´Ҽǲ̫˵һ顣
ǺתǷ˼һơ
Ҧͮôװװ⣬һ㣬ʼǰżġ
Ͳÿװ޹ϵˣ
飬֣ôαװҲǻ⼾㡣
аӡʱ۾ͺˣ
ȻӦÿ˶ʶҺһ
㱻ˣҦͮĵһӦۣǸȻӦ
ڡߡһ£ʵͬ£Ҳü㷢ԽԽϲСͮƲסϲ
Ҳóʤ׷һ·Сͮġ
ģڡߡ½ݣԼĺСдͲ˵ˡ
ϣСͮԼֿʼⲢҽϲԼԭ
һ뷨ԭȼᶨҪ˹ľͻᶯҡ
СͮԼ˵ģ̫˰ԼϲҲϲԼϲ
һ¾ͻڴġ
һ£ҿԿͷʵ㲢ϣ绰Ҧͮ
һΪȻ֮УҦͮûиԼȷкѹټ˶ôʵ͸ܡ˵뷨Ļᱯۺܶ࣬ܶᱻŴ
Ϊ㲻Լó˵͸оԼҦͮչԼƵġ
ҪҦͮͬ
һ㣬ûдģƲһ¾ͺ
Ϊʲô˵ڣأΪǼܵġ
ʶҦͮ˾²ܣʲô鲻Լȥ٣һ仰ͿԽ˵ġ
ûд绰ڵҦͮȻҦ֮ͮ·һ£Ҧͮչ˼ˡ
ϾʵҪչ˼㣬ȫԲȥ˾ģҪΪҸҦͮͼ
Ϊôڲԣ˵һ
Ҧͮûм㣬绰֪ˣҲΪʲôϰȻúϢ
Ҧͮһûչˣ˵Լˡ
żı־ͺˡ
پǣڼͼ磬뱻õ˵
ҾߵĿǣϣ˵ģֻǽǶȲͬ
˵ĺ׵һǣһԸһԸ
ҦͮԸüãôһĬ
ȷǣʵûûأ˵ϣ㣬
ҿ˵ʵ㲢ûжأҲ⣬ΪҰ㣬ҸȨԣԸϷʵûкصʵȻԸ㡣
ǳһְֱ
Ҳ֮һĬ
ʵҾİģҷԭƭңҾָ㣬ֻǴҪ۰СʹʹСӣһôأ˳㿪ģֲٿ⣬ֶΪأ
ǽ
о˵е࡫
˵а˵ϲùõԸҾóĵҮ
ʵҲϲԸ񣲣
˳㼾ǰĳŴҶԸҲһ˽˰ɡ
ôľ;ڴ
ʵ˵ǴֻдСͮͼһͽƪľˡ
ڵأ¡𰸡һˣѾдһЩݣ
šǲǲൽء
һµݣߵµһ¾ͲǵĸϷƪӦͣء
ȵùƪ棬ǵĸϸϸչȾء
ǰһ£ҵĿ
û⣬Ҿͣһ£дһҵݾͣĸϷ
ȻʼдСZС͸ˡ
ôأ
ɶ뷨ӭ۸ҡ
ж⼸¼Ҧ֮ͮĿҲ۸ңȵûпա
ôǽ



162 
Ҧͮ˼һ뿪˳˹İ칫, ߳칫ҵ, ܹоһ˫һ˫Ŀ⼯, ·һ̨, һɫ۹ԼϣԼΪƵġ
˹ҲҦͮ뿪Ժ, ˰칫ҵд
ڣ˭Ҳ
ղ, Ҧͮ˵Ļ, , ÿһ䶼ţҲȫû
֪˻βסѹ, ֻһ˿ڰ칫εα
칫ֻʣһڻš
ô˼Ҧͮһ뿪˰칫¥, ҦͮĳԺ˶ڳڳĬ˺һ˼ſҦͮĲ˵, Ҫô
ǡ˼һʱ䣬Żȥ㼾㣿
Ҧͮ΢΢, ˼˵, ǲǡʱء
ָʱ䡭˵˹ֵ, Ǻͼһ飿
š߶СšʵҦͮҪǰߣȻ˼ˣʵҪ˼Ŀ
ܾá߳˹һѡʱҲѡ˵ص㡣
˼Ҧͮھε, Ҫ˵Ļ˻ȥ˵ЩҲѾûˡѾ˹˷֣ҲѾһˡ𡣡
ǡû뵽Ҧͮģ̲סԳ˹һΡ
˹˵öԣ¸¾Ҫˡ
ڹϡҪԼ֣ƽ
֪ҺܶԲ
治ף¶ģ׿ڸ˵Ҫ˹顣ǵڣǶѾˣ˶֪¸¾ͻ顣˼𲢲Ҫվڳ˹˵ֻǴԹߵĽǶ˵ڹҪ󣬱˵˹Ӧ¸ĸӦ¾ҦҦĸҲôͬģŸ˹֣Ǹ˶һӦǲӦġ
ҳϡղŷһУҵȷг嶯ĳɷ档ҦͮͷǣҲڡ
󲻺ڣ˵𡣵㱻Ǹһ˵ôô׵ľԭ˵Ҫһ𡣡Դ˼֪˺ҦͮʼûжԼ˱йڴӲü㣬Ҳ㲻ڣȷô
˵ڳ˹ϣ˼ܹվԹߵĽǶȥ飬ΪҦͮҪҪ˹һνǡҦͮΪҪ˹Լ˼ȴѡ񷴶ԡ
Ҳ֪Ҧͮƽ˵Ҿãġҿ۾ʱ֪ġƭҡ
˼̾һ򴽣һ˵ղų˹㣬㰮Ĵء

ĸ˵˹ʱΪ˹رĴڡϾϵô࣬ƫƫѡ˳˹Ը飬١һ˴ڲͬҲĿǲͬġ˼˻֯˴ǣղų˹о仰˵úܶԣ֮Ĳ̫࣬ˡ
Ҧͮó˼˼
Ǹʱ˹Ļشǣϲ㡣
ϲ㣬Ұ㡣
ȴԼڣҲ㡣
㲻ǣҿóܰ㡣
֪ԡһֱŬĳΪδޡҦͮҧŴȥͳ˹֣֮ижġб˹ΪһУжҲΪͳ˹һֹǡЩƲϡҸ
ͼһʱʲôֻ˾Ļһʲô˵׵ʱԣѾ㹻ƵҸˡ
˹û˵
Ͳȷܴ
˼ҡҡͷ֪˵ʲôźãֻҲ˵һֱΪҦͮѡһˣܱǿһϲˣҪù̫ࡣ
Ҳһֱ㲻˳۵ԭ
һȫȫҦͮﰮˡ
һһֱֻܾҦͮѣֻϲˡ
վڹ۵ĽǶȣ˼ȻϣҦͮѡ˹
ûϵת⣬Ҧͮ˵ԭһֱϲ
ţŬֻǡ޷ֲľ롣
ŬĳΪ˹δޣҪΪ˹δޣʹűϵĲͬ
һǳ˼ϵҪȥԵ飻һǳֱϵһ˼֪Ӧô顣
֮Ĳ࣬ôײء
ǡ֣һУɾˡ
˼ֹһεѹҦͮǳ˹δޡ
Ҧͮȴʼûס
ͬæڹɫɼĻءҦͮΪԼĳ֣üźͲ鷳ɡ
˼ˣóҦͮ𣬿ϧǣҦͮûʶһ㡣
Ҧ֪ͮλش˼𣬲ôģģ޷ֲԳ˹ɵ˺ֻǡ鵽˽ز̸˹ֵĻǻᵢ
ѵҪȵ죬б͵ܾ˵ҲԸ⡱ӡǸˣûϡ
µҲû·ˡ˼üͷҲԸٶҦͮ˵ͳ˹֮ˣҲҦͮڵ鷳жΪĹۣôܹأҪͳ˹Լ˹ĸĸǱߣԵŵǸǱҪģҲᣬ尢Ǳߡô졣
һûô˵Ҫ˹ԼҽովġҦͮʵش
尢̲ͬĻһᾡȥȰȰ˼Ȱ㡭ýϻؼң̸尢̡ϵԽãֻԽԽѰ졣
֮󡭡͸ġҦֽͮڷϣֻǡ˹ǱߡҲ֮顭ȴһֱûиᣬѵҲֵĻһֱ棬ҽ𡣡
ʲôʱ֪ġ
Ӧ֪һʱˡֻ￴ÿ춼㷢һҵƬʱ򻹻ᷢҸĺաҦͮʵشп˵æǼ죬ΪʵǼҸѶûлأֻΪ̫æˣԶûлظѶ飬Ҳû̫⡣
ȱ룬ץʱԼ˼üڳ˹Сһ㡣
ôҦͮ˼עһ°ȫ³˹ʲô飬Ҳģ˵һЩҲܹ⡣
治֪ô˵źá˼ûķ˸ۣ֮ҵľͶˣʲôСһ㣬ûġ
֪ˡҦͮ˵ͷ
߰ɡ˼ָӵ
ȥﰡҦͮԣҪؼȥɣ
ˣͨ绰Ǽİɣ㵱ʱӵ绰ʱ崺ı飬ɵӶܿˡ㰡ǵġų˹Ӽĵ绰飬ǲɵİ˼ûס²۰Ҧͮ绰Ǹ飬ܹµ绰ͷ˭
˼ҳ˹ֲɵӣ绰˰
ôôҦͮȫûע⵽пԼװ򶨣ƽôడ
㲻Ǵȥô߰
㡭Ҳȥ
ôҲȥ𣿡˼ѵһЦòˣ㲻һֱϣҸƽദˣΪ˱ʾѺãȥ𣿡
ǡðɡҦͮ޷ܾ㡭ǣ𳳼ม
쿪ɡ˼˵ЦݣϵϰȫϾĿʼϱĿˡ
ҦͮҲӣȥ˼ҡ
һΡһΣŮѵݱȥŮ̬ļҡ
Ҳϣܹѳ
ԸѡûдľҲ
лҪ˵
¡
ʮ죬ϣֵܼþһЩ
⣬ץʱ˵¡
ҿȥһǰ˼ļݡ
ǵڣºͣ¡
ڻعͷȥܹ˼Ҧͮ˵Ļˡ
ʾҲãʾҲգ˼ԥû˵Ļ
ʵһֱҪҦͮݡ
ΪǸʱǳ˹δޡ
ǣ˼Ҳû˵еĻûзŵֱ̨Ӹ
ΪǿԿʵ˼ѾˣҦͮͼ֮ϵʼòͬˡ
ˣҲûе
Ժ棬Ҧͮͳ˹ֵʱ˼ûжྪȣһ֮еĸо
ǾȣҲǾãû뵽ô˷֡
һҲ˵ˣ벻֮Ĳ𾿾ж
˼ʵѹСͮ˵˹Ļȥ˹
ǵʱСͮش˵Լȥҳ˹š
æ˻ɼ㣬ͻȫͬ
ʵ˼˵ǣԴˣĳֻˣô鷳ء
ΪҦͮ˹Բ⡣


163 
ûκʶ, ۾
ʲôʱ˯ŵء
۾Ժ, ߾һƬڰ֮, ʲôҲ, ʲôҲ޷ȥ˼
ֻǲ֪ģ˯֮С
ȫûԤ׵֮, ۾
ԼԺ޽䱸˵˯ӳԼ
غһ, һΡе, ǰδеĸо˻泩, á
ǰá
ԭ˾ӦҪһȥİ
Ȼʱ, ڡһж١
۾, һûȫѹӣ͸˵֮лżʲôء
롭Цҡҡͷ, źһô㰡ָ, ص˵ıǼ⡣
ң۾, Լػָ˼, ҲǾΪʲôҪң
Ҿ㴥ֿɼĵط㻹άҵƣȴ˵ң
ⲻǺ
ûղ, 룬㻹Ҫ˯ʲôʱ򡭡ʲôʱֻ۾ѹȻ󡭡ѹԺ۾ңϡֻչֳʲôı飬˵ʲô
Ұ˵áʱ˹۾һ۵ʱ򣬾ûվӣҲ֪һЦݵģΪͻܿġȻ˵Ҳáе˯⣬굽˸յĻһֻ֣ӵķ˿һߣ˵á
ڻûס¶һЦݣǵ뷨һء
԰϶Ҳһ䣬˵ǾӦһ𰡡
һΡһһʱ뷨
Ӳ֪ԼʧǰʲôӣǿԼǰƬҲǵ˵ģǸ׵ʱ򣬸һĺգСô˵أĸоİ
ΪƬǸˣԡİģΪˡڿһŵƬ
ңǿЩƬҲ޷ʲôԹȥ飬һӡҲûС
֪ģԼ飬˸׸ģʣµġȫǿԼȡϢˡ
ԼǰûԼһáһϲһˣһ𣬻һӦá
顣
̫ȻĻǻһ֮֡ĸо
Ȼϣȷһ㹻ŵˣڸϣšҲֻһ߶ѡ
ǣԴ˸գһҪøȥ⣬ͨͨȻ
ǣӦҪһİ
ҵһƶľãұκ˶Ҫʺ㣬֮⣬Ҳ˱㻹Ҫʺҡ
졭ʲôƻ𡣡սֵ壬Žϣѯź硣
ûء룬ҲûʲôҪԼĩȥ飬ų˹֮⣬һ˴ڼ棬Ҳûʲôǲ
ǰĩʱ㶼ʲôȻҪ¿ʼȴǻ̲סҪȥ˽⣬֪Ĺںǿհ׵֮Уȹġ
šҲûʲôرİŷԭܶʱ򣬶ʲô鶼ûʱѾȥˣȽ϶ʱ򣬾ͻӰȥӦ꣬ûʲôʱ򣬾һڼң׷׷罡֮İɡ
šоƽּ˵ԼһЩѡȥʲô𡣡
ûʲôرĵѡܡǰйɡʧ֮״ЩˣͱְְŽ˾ʼͷϵˡʱ䣬ٽӴˣǹ˾Ļ֮ģֻй϶Ҳûа취
յֻÿһ仰һػԭ㶼
ôˣûע⵽ֻǷĳĬЦ˵ǲǾơ˼Һ񡭡ҲûʲôرõĽ顣úİɡ
ᰡʲôá̷񶨵Ȼ󶨶Ŀź۾ԺÿһĩҶ׷׷磬
š
첻С
Ϊʲô
šǰͺѧԼˣһȥᡣʵĻش˵ұʿƽЩʲôȻûʲôҪæĻ硭һ𰡣
Сһ𰡡ͣ˼һ£ȻǸնˡȻһչգҲ
Ը𣿡ʵǱʶ棬ϣܹúദģ²ָܹܿǰѧʱʱֹϵҲҪ̫ɡ
ʵ˵ӺС㡱ĳƺյ桭һ㲻ζ
ͺ磬ϵܹҪõӰ룬ڡȴֻʣò
ô룬һѹ
Ҳ
㡭ܲϲС𡣡̽磭ʵ
ûҪ˵ϲҲǡ̹׵˵һʼΪϲ㣬ȷЩ̫ô˵ءÿοһ֡ţ׽ĸо
׽
ԡ˵ƽ׽˻ǡ׺ء粻֪Ӧô׼ȷָоֲЩǼʱ򣬻áĪ׽аɣһᡣ
ʵС˺ܺõġŵһദһҲϲΪܺõѵġ
üĬſյ˫ۡ
ôˡ
йŹม΢΢ü˵ǰԵ˵ĺû¡һ𣿡
ûûûаսһ£漴˸˵ǡҸСǺܺõѰȻҲϲС㣬ԡҵȻϣ㲻ϲС㰡ܹΪѡȻ͸ð
𡣡ܾøյķӦЩŹأҲûмˣģһŬСΪѵģмΪѵģҡұҲ
Ǿ̫ˡ΢΢ϣһУܹõķʼչ
ึˡһ飬㡣
ţʲô
¸һҸ׵ļգԡһȥ𡣡Ż٣һϲˣ㣬Ҳ㡣
ϵı飬һ˲䣬ϡ
㲻ԸĻ翴˸ϵԥŴ˵Ǿˡûϵġֻǡһ¡Ȩܾ
ûǿȥ˵ġյģһ˫ۣҲûдһʧᰡϣȥĻҡûϵġ
𣿡Ȼеģջǿ㲻ȥĻһȥҲϣ˵ģ㲻ǿԼҡ
ûϵҸղûдӦǾáȥĻ᲻ЩͻȻϣȥǡȥջǴӦ
Ǻá˵ม翪ĵЦˣաܿɰҰ֪ĻһҲϲġ
źϺ޷Цݣղײ̾һ
ģˡ
ȻһЩ޷ӱܡ
лҪ˵
¡
ʮ죬ϣֵܼľһЩ
˵̫ˣ˵
šҦͮĺƪûչдˡ
ϾƪĵãǸ磬СZС㡭
ʵдҦͮΪƪǵĸֵ߳Ļ
ʱҲȽ
չǵĸ飬ֻҪˮ
û뵽ҺϲҦͮĹ¡
һررлҡ
ĺллôϲҦͮĹ¡
ƪʵѾˣǳƪˡ
ֻдҦͮһ𣬾Ͳչġ
ҿۣа˵ϣٿҦͮͳ˹ԼĲ֡
ʵһҲпǹСͮͳ˹ֲΪһ仰ô򵥺׵ķֿġ
лԼҪԼҪ˵˫ĸѾȥ⡣
ҪЩҪʱ ûа취򵥵һʴһҪһƪд
չƪĻ绹СZСĲ־ͻᱻŵܺˡ
չҦͮĹ£ƪĵƪ͸ˡ
ԡĺܱǸѣ
ķǳǳлңҲǳǳмôϲҦͮĹ¡
ҲҷģҦͮһͳ˹ԼģҼҲһҦͮһЩѵġ
ֻǼҦͮĺµ÷ŵȥˡ
ڴİɡ
ĺܱǸܶԲңҾϹǣѣ
ԭ£ѣ
ҪúõдСZС㻹иˡ
ҲģȻҦͮͼĹ²ƪչϸд
ǻǻ
ϾǻԷĺء
Ϲˣѣ
Ҫңѣ
ףҺΡ


164 
ڴϻһ֮, , ϴ, ձ㿪ʼ׼򵥵, ϾʱȽΣŵ, ˶緹ʱ䣬Щ򵥵͵Ӿͺá
Ҫȥ𣿡翴Źڿǽϵı˵
Ҳ̧һʱ, , ȥɡʱ, ѾѹҲ˵
ţƫƫͷ׸յ˼
ûʲô, ȥյķ֪ˡ
ڸյΪ, ʼ磬յķ䣬š
û뵽, ĵõ˷֮˵ĻӦСյ
Щ, 򿪷, ıǸǰССӰ
̡ջعͷ۾Ϻ, дЩ
գô簡Щ⣬һ˵СӲǱȽϲôҽ컹ĩϢֲѧ, ԭΪСջڴ˯أʲôʱѹģ
ŵ㡣
ߵСյߣḧ۵СԽԽﻶϲѾʼม
Һţ̡СָָԼһѾչ˵ţ̺ӡ
ǡʲôأ
ͼᡣСеͼᣬݸ磬˵ûʱ򣬿ԿЩ
̲ˡͣٽȥԺ𣿡
ţСһڴӦ
뿪Сյķ䣬ص˳ŸæµӰ˸ողŵֹ֪СѾѹ𡣡
ûаҲµġյͷרĵĴеʳģҲһЩעȥش⣬ϰ߾ŵˣ˵Ļֱҵķ𴲸緹ģԼǱŵţ̺ȡ
ôԣοЦЦܾáոҵĸоܲһء
Լأ
ûа;ãպ˵Ϊյ䣬Ľǳɫͳɹɣĵ͵
ЦҡҡͷĻź翴Ŀɬ̫ˡ
ôĻҲû衣
Ȼղãڵ׼ͥﳤӻĺʲôͬΪյİΪֻԼһչͲ簮֮
ֻԵĻȻϣܹһ֤Сյĳɳ
ǰս¿ʼվи߹գһ裬ֻǡûи߹գֽ硣
ĿǰΪֹҲûпǺãʲôʱСգ衣
ûаĿ佱㣬ܵ𰡡ߵյ˫§סͷļϣ֪Щġ
ţһ˲䣬Ļ̫Ĳȷ磭ˣú޷ĸղôһ̡ЩӺ˵ʱ򣬸յĵһӦǡûʧǱ˴֮䣬ֻΪĳЩԭֿˡ
ǵá
˼˵ȻҲҪ˽ڵ㣬δ㣬ǡȥ㣬ҲҪ˽⡣ĵĽ͵
ڡٿʼ˽⣬ҲٰղЦЦ̫˰ɣҡûб
š
ˡ˵ߣֱ֪նϵǸǳǳӡǸǸۼûȥڵʵӡӲǺƾڵҽƼȫǸӡǡ
粻̫һֱǸӡǣܾáÿοоЩۡ
ĪһִʹĸоǳĽ⡣
ճĬ룬ֻǼ򵥵˵šʱûǸ뷨
ĨǸӡǣܹͬĨȥô
ЩʹԶǵãҲšҪǰɡ
ȥҰɣҪôͰսԼԴţԼԴҲܹںļͷ
Ȼһ롭õһԺǡ
û΢΢ƫͷڸյĲһ¡
һΣ̲סЦü۶Цˣ˵û취
ҳȥ㡣ȻѾ׵׵ˣȻԹԵ뿪˳
ȵһùԺ
սʰϣ˱һš
ʮӺ󣬱㵽ġ
ˡ߽ĺ󣬸ҵſȫĦ
ѧ㡭硣
ѵõÿռ죬ȻҪץʱܿͷȫɡ
ôһ𰡡Ҳע⵽һԵĺ磬ǣźֵСգҲ
С㡣Сյء
šԡ
С㡣òĴк
ƺԡǣôôô̶ֻԼ飬ĸо˲Ϯȫ۾Լûע⵽˻ƣҡСͿˡ
ޡ΢ЦŵͷҲ󷽵˵ҲԽ硣
š˫֮С
նĵɬץһ˵߰ɣȥ·
š
·Ժ󣬸նָָһרչ˶ͯķԱվ͸ȥɣкܶСѸһมˣλ䣬𣿡
ţСչɵĵͷǵһûжٺµĸо
šЦḧԼŮСԴŶյϴжλϵͳĶֱͯŶһغʱķԱ˵ǾͰˡ
õģġ
Ȼ󣬸ձǣź֣һȥϴԡġ
Ժ󣬷갴Ħˡ
С㣬ٶȿ찡
̫ĥĥġεҡҡͷ
ҲԡЦ
Ǽ˳ԡ
ûһ˼ĸյļ
ղͷȴɶζ˫ۡ
üʾտԵĺ硣
ιü漴תĽǶȣںǰ
뵽ȥ˰̾һǳķ˸ۣǡĵطǲ֪һһ㶼û䰡㿴⡭Сĳ̶ȻǸһ
²Ÿա
ΪողŵΪǰֹԼιʱΪһģһ
ճĬŲ˵Ĭˣñ˿ģ壭
˵ر۵˵һ䣬ѧɻǡԽԽء
С㣡յŭš
ۡûסЦˣɤӣ㿴Цˡģ㿴С˵
ż˿⣬ת˵ĵطһסˡ
Ҫ࣬һ̺ۡ
ûж룬ֻڿһֱ̣Ǹ˺ۣǰµӡǡ
ͬһɵӡǡ
½һֱ籣ͬӹϵȻͬһߣ˴֮ģҲûһϴ裬·ǷֿС
Խ죬Ҳյһ¿塣
û˱ϤˣԡޱȵȷţǸۼǰĺ磬ϴûйġ
̫Լˡٴĸյļ򣬿οֺγ֪뷨ء
ǳԺ󣬺ظͰѺûмһ棬Ҳǣԡʵϣ˶֪統ܵʲôӳ̶ȵ˺
쿴Ժ˵ģζӳ¡
Сһ仰ȥɣ÷ˡ󣬽ռ˸硣
лҪ˵
ʮ죬ϣܼ־һЩ



165 
ֻǺ޷ĳϴ, ȫûע⵽պǱߵ
Ȼյ۾ӱ˺סԺ, ҲƲˡ
˫˳ź࿴ȥ, ŷ֡ԭҲһǳǳĺۼ
һ, յ۾ͺˡ
һ˲䣬ийٶǱŴ, ·Լûʶȴһ˷Ӧ
, ϵʱ, 绹Ķ˵, Ҫ˽ȥġ
ǡ
ôֺγء
ҲҪ˽ĺ, һİ
, ʧȥ˭ʶһһġΪڵ
ꡭܵ˺
еʱ򡭡̲סȥ롭, ûһĻһ͸ᷢˡ
Ҳֿ
Ȼûһ, ̸ֺֿء
ֻǡÿһԺ֮뷨ʱ, ͻáܶԲա
ĽһִĻ, յĳҲһִô
뷨ջܱǸ
յͷߵߣָ⣬ŸźǸ˺ۡ
޲ĺֻ˲䷢, ˶Ǳ絽Ƶģ̲ͷϵıǸ΢΢˫ۣţ
ź˫˺һſ˵ɲŸ˵ɤ˻Ƴ̶ȴ¶һš
ޡﰡֻЦ˵Ҹ˵ΪСʱͬĺһ棬һС⣬˿ڡ
Сʱ⣿յ˫ԾɶǸ˺ۣ۾ȴдˡ
šҺСʱܵ˻ͦصģԳԺ󣬸ȥҽԺڵǸӡǡ˻֮УǵʱʧԺ󣬺ظ飬ֻҽ˵Ϊ˵̫أԺۼôҲȫĨȥǸ˺ֻۣܹ˺۵ĺۼǳ
ǡղ˫ָ֣˳źƶ˺ۣҲǣ
š˵ͷ˵ûжŸ֣ⷬµѯʣЩĵ㡭𣿡
ʲô
ǡϵ˺֮ġ粻˼ЦЦΪЩ˺ۣ͡Ǻܺÿ
ճĬţ߶Ϻ˫ۣǺ粻ܹ⡣
㡭⣿յĳĬúΪǽ⡣
ջûлش⡣
ֻǵ壬۾սǸ˺ۣʹԼܹøһЩ
ţںע֮£촽סǸǳǳӡǡ

Ȼ壭⣭أ飭ţǸ˺ۣ󡭡Ǹӡ֮ϣһ¡
šû뵽ջһٶûסԼԺžΪжô˸е߳ܡ
ѸٵĻܣ֪ʲôʱѾˣȷֻԼ˺һ
ŵģȴûзӽ
Ϊյ˫Ѿ˳࣬һֱϵǵı
մӺ§סȴʼû뿪壬˿̵ƣ翴ϵı飬˫֮ĳȣȴ֮便ڷʲô
գ
šӦһ
󣬱ͬղҲӡϣһǣصһӡǡ
˺֮ϣȡ֮ģϺɫǺۡ
ġԺ󣬸ղŽͷںļͷ֮ϣڻشղŵ⡣
㡭
һ㶼⡣΢΢ͷ˵ǣ˵ᣭţ绬۵ļͷϲ㣬УСÿһطϲ
ֻһ죬Ҳʼܾáø˰
ţձſ˺壬Լ֣ḧգȴһ仰˵
ôˣܾáʱЩĪءǺܿĵգȴܹܵͻȻõ䣬ͺɽƵģ֪ʲôʱ򡭡ἱתֱ¡

кܶ໰Ҫ˵Щȫںſ͡Ҳ޷¶һ֡
εǣĻ޷˵Ŀɬ
ں粻Ŀ֮£һѱ˻
һֻ֣§ס˺һֻḧźĺԣӵԼܹоʹ
·ֻʹܹȷţڵĺúõıȦڻС
ϵûж˵ʲôֻḧŸյıֻʱŻһ֡ԭҲҪ˰οһ氡ĸо
ոĸоô˵أһ̸ܻˣ˽Լ˵ÿһ仰ÿһֱܹķǡЩͷˡ
ںԸղŶʮͣȴ˺ܶ࡭ӦóܵĶ˵ЩáءĶʲôҲ壬ǡյġܡȴеѹ
оǡ
ӵڵǡǻ࣭ģ״̬
ָоҲ̫ǿ˰ɡ
š㡭
һĵԼԸú翴ʹһ棬Բҡ
ûϵرϲ˵Բ𣬿ǡϲ˵ԲĻÿһζĻ˵ûϵ
Ժһܵ˺עź۾˵ҧгݰĺ⡣
ʹ޵ĲǺĸ׵ĺģʹ޵ġǵΪԼ
ɵϣ˵ʲô㡣Цü۶ˣϵЩ˺ָۣûйϵҪʲô鶼Լϰ
ճεĻһЦ֮⣬ʲô˵ˡ
ҪյգЩ˺۶ǹȥˣʵҲûʲôֻǡѣȻ㲻Ļһⶼû
š
󣬶ǣ֣һͬȥɣ÷ȥˡ
ȵĻеĲˣóԺĽ𿨵ݸ˷̨շС㡣
ãС𡣡շСڵĻԱ룬ϢԺ󣬱㽫Ľ˻ѣѾ˸ˡ
һշСݻĽ𿨣ɫ˵ˢҵĿ
̶ȣ˸һֱô£ûˡ
ҲͻȻתеȡ
С㣿մյߣ˵ôˣ
û¡ֻͷԸҡҡͷ
ǡС㣬ѽѾ˸ˡշСԵúΪѵӣһѰġ
üûԼһŽ𿨡
Ȼͳֻһ绰롣
˭µģǰװʲôİ˵仰㡰žĹ˵绰
Ȼһ롪
ôƢ˭ˣһĵĴĶ
лҪ˵
ǡ
¡
ʮ죬ϣܼ־һЩ
˵һһ¡
˵ûʱ˵š
һֱãյǾ䡰û˱Ϥˡ
仰ĪЩɫľ23333
Ȼ˵һһ¡
Ҫ粻ʹȥȥȻ¿ʼ
Ȼǲܵġ
кܶڹȥţշŲ¹ȥ顣
ҪȥûǣĿʼʵ
ȻľͻῪʼǡ
ҲҪʼָ·ǡ
ǽϡ
ʲô뷨ӭ


166 
һͭɫ, һëaְȹ, һ˫ʮָ߶ȳѥŮ, ӽ˳
˵߶
ֻǳһЦ
漴Ե˵, ллϰæ
, Сˣܹаæ, ҵҡԵУ磭ǫ, ͷЦ
С, ֪ԽķǷءţǸߵ̨ѯ, Թ̨շС˵, ոշʲô飬ǵС㲻ô
ϰ壬С˵ϣĽѡշСϹϾĽ͵
, ԭˡϰ塱ˣ˵ͷ, ͵, , С㣬λСѾˣҾСԸѣе
ءϴʵĻؾ, ҲҪٺġ
С㡱εĸ˸ͷߵߣϰ˰֣ллİæʣµͿˡ
õġϰ뿪ˡ
˶һǵЦôλСϸȰ
ðˡ˵Ժһסһ±ƵĸڿϷĺ磬˳ǣסСյ˵߰ɣȻ˿ϰ׻ǮãðײãҲѾˣǻȥɡ
ҪȥġСһץס֡
ʲô°ıȻ糣ȴѾĻǲͷ仰뿪
ãһؾƵ㡣Сſ֣˫ֽǰһô֣Ҷа취ӡ΢䣬֪þƵ꣬ҿȥķ㡣
ȻվסˣعͷĿλС㣬ôҷ䡣Ȼʾ䣬ȴõĳڴƺѾµ˰˷֡
ġ
棬㻹ܹ޳һôһһ˵
ԡϣ޳һĻߵǰһԸ
㡪
ôԸһʱ䣬߸һһؾƵôҲһЦ⡣
С㣿մյĶߣʵҪæô֮ǣ費ҪΧߡ
濴֮Ѿȫĸգü漴֣ҶԸ¶Цݣ֮䣬ȴĵ⣬λС㣬ҸС֮飬Ҫᣭ֡
ǣѵûпСԸôձֳõļᶨΪüͷ
ԸĻȻԼ׿ھܾҪ졣ʼձЦݣȴٿһ
ι
˵ЦˡȽԼϵģԼߣԾ˵˵ĻʡλС㣿
㣬ôĻȣѾûЦ⡣
⻰Цݣ˫磬仰Ѿɹļŭ
ˡˡһͷô⼸˵˵žȼ̵ζء
һߣȻȻȥɡ۽ǵƳһۣʼվһĿתľ棬ҸеҪ̸̸
С㣿һ㵣ģžļƣܾЩŲưȻҲ֪ͬŮˣλ桭Ҳʲôֻǡղϲ˵ҡܹоóλ澮СĿܣûôҡһһԵĺ磬Һ硭ġҲϢҶûʲô顣
ûϵֻЦЦֲܹôֻһЩСѣǾͲôµˡȺѧһؼҰɣһ죬Ҳ˰ɡͷظ˸յСԴ˵ҲǣһҪؼϢɡ
㡭翴ץס󣬡ġû𣿡
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôһָоֻǿ뿪ؼϢģǾáЩ£Щѹ
ǽеˣһǿϵ˰̣ڶǸղšԼ˵άԼȻҲֻάնѣΡԼ
˫ۣͻȻ˼ֻͻȻЦ˵ڹ𣿡
ǡһĵ˵ͷ
ллĵлллոճάңڻҡҺܸˡ
ǲȻһȥɡϡһԷǣסյ֣Сܺóԣǳԡ
ղͷĲǾ䡰СաһϤһϤͻȻĹģԸ⡣
ðȻ綼ˣȻܾȰһ¡֮飬Ȼó֮İ취
š
ǡҪλС㣬һؾƵ𡣡
šӦǡ
ؾƵɡҺ绹ҲؾƵ󣬿ھƵſڵ̸ԺһҼȥԷΣ
ͷˡ治֪ʱߵߣܾпСһؾƵꡣ
𡣡°ͣŴÿƽЬûǼֵĸ߸ڴʮָ߸ѥľǰòһأϿɲ䣬С㡭ԸĻȻԼ׿ھܾҪ졣
㡪ҧгݵĿŸգܺðǺܻۻ۰
ˡ˫һ˿ŭ֣۾ͺ˵ȥҾˡ
ϣˡ漴㲻ȫ˼ҲܹﾯζԼ͸¶ļֲͷŴ˰֣Ըò
ҵʱһñҹȥģǾͱˣȻؼҰɡ
ǺðɡԼСһ㡣տԿһһԺνľ档
š
Ժ󣬸ձź绹ԼŮؼˡ
߰ɣͣſڡĻŶʱ䣬µڻѾǰȡóˡ
ֻǲһʡ
ε̾һ֮ǰѾ׼⵽ȫ̵ˡ
ǣֻĬĬţϳԺȥϵðȫȴѹûԼᡣ
Ǵ㣬ȫ㽻
ΪϳʼԹԵϵϰȫȻīʼĿ
ûϵ˾ƵԺ̸ҲԡϢһ¡浹Ҳ⣬˭֮ǰʧԼȵء
лҪ˵
ǡ
ʮ죬ϣֵܹþһЩ
˵м齲һ¡
쿪ʼҾҪְˣѣ
ҸоڼҴ̫ˣ˶Ƿϡ
Ȼڿǵ㵱ˡȥְе㲻ȥ
ȻεѾ
Ҫʼְһʱˣѣ
Ҿǻᱣոģֻǰһ´ҡ
µոһᾡס
ȻְľҲ쿪ʼ˲֪
˵һһ¡
ĳǺõ
Ȼĳ֣ҲҪΪģãˮ
ռ̫ƪġ
Ϊƪĳõģֻ˳Ϊģãˮ
˳㣬һ׽˺ܶࡣ
֮ǰнĪ׽С
ǰԭʶ֮⣬ҲȷһֱֵԸ׽
ô˵أһԸ㵱Ըӽ㣬ܹܵġ
ึͷԾдϣܹôԲ˳һЩ
Ǵһֻ
ľһЩϾƪչܶϸд
вĲ֣ԴҶĶλƴƴͼһľͻˡ
ǽ
ɶ˵Ļӭ
Ҫȥ


167 
鲻أ
÷, ӳŲ˷ڲ, Ƴһޱ, ԰, Ҿ˵㵱ʱֱӸһ
鲻ðֻ۾İڲϣֳ°, ССգһؿĵ, ǼСһ, Ҳ֪ء
εķ˷, ǰ㻹ݰҡ⸱ӡ°ͣҿ, 漴ҡҡͷ, ӰҲݼ¶ʱ򰡡
ιʲôҲ˵ˣֻһ˫۾Ÿ, вϿ졣
Ȼǲ̫ϲǸʲô澮С㡭շĲˣֳԼ, ˵, ܹô˵, һ򵥡ԡ
ס򡪡ס˫ְڳһͣƣϽԶһա

ˣԷɡӳһһķϰںá
, ŮѶ˵ˡ
ҡͷ˸漴Թ¿ʼԷ
ĬĬעһУٿһ棬ʱǰĸգǶģ
ôλСؾƵꡭҪ̸ʲôءû꣬ճһڷ㿪ʵ
հһڷûȥ͸еһ˿⡣
ϡлؾƵ귿ȥ˯Ĵ𡣡ӣ㿪ʼԷ˵ĻȻǡλС㣬Ȼķȥأ
εЦЦûдش⣬ֻĬؼԷ
ʱ򣬶һĲϣڱĬϡ
㲻Ļס߳Է˵Ļ˵һƽƵġ
˿磬ΪҪִˡ
⻰ҪǷǰӺ˵ȫû⣬ǽ졭̫ˡ
ҲһССġšֵֹĸоȻܶô׽ǺܸˣֻǡתٶҲ̫˰ɡ
Ҹﰡ̧ͷ˫۾ĿתĶ
ޡյ۾ڿжݽᣬ漴˸ʵ˵ǡܾȡôšôôѺã
翴Ŀ⣬ŽʶԼΪת䣬มҡЩ֪νԼΪΪ˼˷Ӧʶʱȴ޴ӵַ֪ӦġԴԺδ
ļ򣬽ʮָۣԸΪԼšҲǲҪԼȥǺǷڻָĿܣת˵˵û㲻ȥĻסҲûⰡӣø㡣
ǡһۺ硣
סռңø˯ԣʵҲȫԽ˯鷿ģֻڸնԣԣ鷿ҪҪöࡣ
ȥ䡣
֪һ㣬ԡҲơ
˰ɣǱȽϺá뻹ǴգȻϣܹ֮ĹȥǡȻձ˶û׼ôʲôʱú֪ѡȨڸȽϺʡ
ЦЦһؾƵ¿ͺνİڰ֣һȫѾģҲܡѣеľƵ궼
һӻȵ³ꡣ
Сϴ裬ȻҲԡ
ǣֻʣ˸
ǲǶѧ˵ʲôҵ̬ȡֱʮȵĴת֮ǰ绹Ĵ׶е⣬ͶѺõòòˣֱܳ
ҵȷи˵ϣܹΪѡֻǡķӦҲܳҵϡƲƲɣ˵áһĪ׽С
üȻڸ˵ĺȤ
ǺมģԼ˵ġ
漴Ը˵ʵ˵ѧάҵʱǸ򾲵ģ̫˧ˡͺ͡ǰѧУʱһ
ԡգЩ˸ĺܸˡ
ֻǡûа취ȥº¿ˮˡ
𡣡οЦЦǺܺð
ءϵЦݣѧΪڡлָļĻôأ
սͷƳһߣֱ۾֪˵ʲôڿ̸ûҵ𰸣˵ɡ
ϵʱ򡭡˵ϣȥһ²ͷ׿ɳϣ¶һһǲļա
ӡӦˡҰģ֪˵ʲôˡ
š


Ҳȥɡ
һġϾô˵Ҳյ⹫
̲͡סЦˣ⹫˵үүء
ܺõ̸ȫһЦˣҧŴ۵ıӣѧ㡪
Цˡǿôͷɥģ뿪ССЦԾһյİ
ô׼ôȥ
ҲУҲûС
ҷ֡ڶϲϻ˵˲Ǹû˵һô
ҡûáŰ׻컨壬ʲôûУֻǴӦ˻ȥ
֪ҸղžӦ˵ס
ţ
Ļͻѧһ˯鷿˰ô˵ѧлᷢСˡ

Ȼ󡪡˶٣ţգѵһ࣬ΣͲټĥԼˡ

㰡Լˣô̾һҡҡͷԼͬģ磭ӣް취
Ωһܹͬ߳ˣҲֻкˡ
ʲôСϴԺ󣬱ֱӺȥ˯ˣ춼һ죬СڴϺܿ˯ˡ
ûһԼϴ裬Ӹյķ˳
Ҳˡ
·Сġ

뿪Ժ
ŸɳϣЦǸղڽʲôҺʲôĥڣ
มգˣҲ˼ӦôŪȥǡС˵ҲҪĥ۸ʲôġ
ģ
ţµĵ˵ͷԵر֣صģ
۾ЦЦŹ֡
ҲЦˣﲻҰ
ΪϵЦݽʧһ˿̽ζרע飬оҡ
šɴ۾Ļȶûһ˿ı䣬ȴʼ
Ǹо粻ں˵ҲܡҸоˡ
˸̬ϵĲȻ
š
ȥϴɡ
á
ŸȥҵӰüͷ΢΢
лҪ˵
¡
ʮ졫ϣܼ־һЩ
Ҫ
ش곿ǡûģãУ


168 
һ
һ, ոһȥѧУ, ŰѺ͵˹˾, Լȥ˾ϰࡣ
Ȼ, ڹ˾ͣͣóһ·۶ǭZȼ
һϾô簡ǭZȼֱģ, ˫ֽǰ, һϷģǭZȼ
СǭZȼͣóԺ, ˰, Եرǫ飬Ҳվ, ˰
ָͣס, ŲǭZȼĹάô𣬿϶û¡
ǭZȼ̲סƲƲ, 󰡣Ҳ̫˰ɡ
, Цס, ǭZȼ߽
OK
ôô˰ü, Ҫ˵ʲô·ĻǭZȼķӦԻڻҪӇNɪٰʮŶ԰̶ûﵽһı׼
Ҫ˵ûʲô¶ôһϵľôء
ԡȻ˾Ǹоô
ûаǭZȼЦЦ¶˿ݵЦݡ
Ȼڸ˵Ǻֲܿˡ
̲ס̿ˮ, 뿪ʵʲô־úڵ治̫㡣
Ȼֻˡ
̸˽±Ͼ̫á
ึˣĻ飬ҿûа취μˡ߳ݺ󣬸ЩʲôƵģǭZȼ˵Ѿݸ²ˡҪõļҶˣҲμӻ飬ͬʱļ¼ϣһع˾ٿûдĻǸͬͿǩ
ţˡǭZȼ˳һ䣬ҪȥѧУл𣿡
ǡսϣҿȥһ²졭ǲļա
มǭZȼپʧԣ˼
ûϵ
Ǻãȥɡ쿴¼ҡ
ţһذ칫ҹȥˡ
ݡ
һ㡣
ͷϵĹʰ˶ȥԼŮѧУ
ô˵ҲǺĸ׵ļգնӦһȥ
Ȼ߳칫Ҵȥ˵ݵʱ·ǭZȼİ칫ҡ
ʱ䣬칫¥˼ȥԷ˻ûüΩʣǭZȼһڰ칫ͷɡ
ˡ߹ȥ칫ҵš
ǭZȼͷ̧һ£ķȥ˭
ʱ䶼ڹ칫ǰӣһߣԼ£֪ɲķ񰡡
ô׼ȥˣǭZȼ̧ͷǸգ΢΢͸¶һ˿Ц⡣
ǰտ˿ʱ䣬ʱ磬Ҵ뿪ʱ򣬿ĳרעڹЦൽ·Ҫĩյģһ㵣ģ̲ס
𡣡յɴ۾˸Ѹյĵ٩ϣҵͦġ
ĻʱӦڸȥߵ·ϻѾˡ۾⿴㣬ַֻʳͷģʽʵڲķ񰡡
ǭZȼĸģʽԽΪģžվţžţٵʱͲĹȦģʽǶ˷ʱ䡣
ӦôңǭZȼüͷβرƽһ㲨ûУ̷ͷеĹȻȥ
ǭZȼ⻰˼ͦͱô;رǷء
ž;ﲻ̫
Ӧվӣո˵жǺ
Ǹûע⡣
ǺòײŽ⿪ĽôôˡƽһĵĲˬƽ͵˵ǳ˰ɣ
ǭZȼ꣬ԳһЦˣҪģֻǸܵĻõˡ¾¡Ҹͳ
ι㡭
ǭZȼ̫Ծʵ˵ǭZȼЩ֪
Ϊ˿ǰǭZȼκʱ򡭡Ҫ׽͸
㡭ǭZȼϵһļƵһԣķҲķǡܱȲճʱȥЩĵҪ̫ˣĸĸ𡣡
˵ǭZȼû˵ĸ飬֮¡Ǹ֮ǰȽϳԼԷȴûмյĸĸᶼû
ĸ񡭡յͻȻƮĻ̫ңԶˣغܾúܾǰļ䣬ûйĻᡣ
ǸԷ˸յ˼Ϊ˵ĸĸˡ
ǲǡհ˰֣û˵
ţ
ҵĸĸڡֻǺƽˣڱǰĸĸ˵Ǹĸ˵ĸʱ̸һЩġ޹ʿ
ֻǡܶûϵˡ赭д˵ڡÿнù̶ת˸⣬ϲϵ
Ϊʲô
ΪǲҪҡҡҲ޷ﵽǵҡҡǵҲҪȥԡ
ǭZȼ˼
ǰҸһһʱ֮󣬾ͱĸˡս͵Ҳ֪֪ģҲ֪Ǵ֪ģֻ֪Ժͺظҳ˼šȻ󡭡Ҿ˳µĸסһˡ
ȻһֱڡûϵǭZȼЩȣ겻ϵյĸĸҲ̫һЩɡ
ͬԺȰңϣܹҵĸĸƽ͵̸̸ֻǺƽ˵ţЩСѾ飬Ϊ磬гԹֻÿһΣʧճ
ҸաûãʧˣǱȷֿ˵յϻ¶˼ֲȻ飬Ұҹң˵ԲƽϹȥ飬ҲԽǶ鵱ûзһ

Ǻ֮䣬ֻܹѡһ仰˵Ѿ޹ʹˣ񲻹ܶٴΡ仰øվЩ־޷ݣֻǾáĶˣԨѡصߵĻվͻᱻ͵¶Ժ

ǭZȼԭΪʹ࣬Ǵֿһ꿪ʼģҲȷʵͬǡܵʹѣԶΪҪ޴öࡣ
ô𡣡
ʵϵǭZȼ޷Ӳҵ⣬ӵһ棬νΪûھ顣
ǰѾ
һε飬پڶεʱ򣬷һֳԶûеһô
ڵǭZȼ޷Ϊ
Ǹ˭ʱ޷˵Է֡
¡
£Է°
Ļʵ˵ûʲôʵϵĸоǰˣοĪ񡱵ģԸ޷Ҳ׼ԣҲʲôʵϵĽ顣
ֻն˶٣ҲΪĸҵĸĸ׻Ҫ̲ȻҵǲͬϾ
ô˵ǭZȼԷϣǽõĹϵ
ǭZȼһŮమˣȥĸͬףҪࡣ
ϧǣʲô
ӸʶǭZȼǭZȼûгֹԷŮˡ
лҪ˵
¡
¡ҵȥְ
ʮ죬ϣܼ־һЩ
һǽһʧĸ߸ĸ
ʵ߸ĸԸյĹϵдպĹȥЩ½ڵʱвд
ȻظˣǸ߸ĸڡ
ʱǽĲ˵ˣѣ




169 
ǿûϣˡǭZȼ, , ׿ڸ߹, ᡮ񡯵ġ

ҾáҺ֮, һŲ֪ʲôʱȥĵסҲһηԷ㺦ĸ̹ĸ룭磭򣭵ʱҲԷظʱҲܵԷ֮Ϊʱ, ûʾûʱ, Ҳ֪, ǡ֪, һܡ˵ըͱըˡ
Сȼ
Һ¡ըԷ㡣ҲµġǿƲסԼĵĸɡ
ΪľУ޷סӡ

ʹǭZȼ, պҪ˵, ʲôáٰοһҲá
ɵͷſͣǱˡ
, οǭZȼ
ο顭, ˡ
˸еʹ, ôܻΪ˵ͱء
, Ǹ׽ˣܡ
οЧֻܹ֤Ǹ˵ʹʹˡ
ǡο, Ŀţϣܹõ˵İοҪοĻ
ȻպǭZȼҪο
٣Ҫ˰οĻ
ǡ㺦Ҳûã𣿡
ǭZȼ̧ͷϸյ˫ۣ
Сѡһһ졣侲زʵ㲻飬Ļѡǲ񣬶ġɲĸܲԵɾ顣
Ҳ˵һ죬ǻᷢڵġֻʱٰˡסǭZȼ֣ŷֱȵһʱôܹô𰸡Ѿ֮ô

ȻѾˣôͲҪ¡ţǭZȼ˼һĵʱˣķݣһᶨȥ
ǡһ죬ܿͻˡǭZȼ䣬۾ȴˣڡѾڻСģ磭ˣֻɵĶңСѡȻֻǸᣬС㷴ӦҲҵ֮аɡ
ҲΪԷķӦ֮УŻӵѹ
ϣԷܹ¸һΡ
ϣܹһ¸ҵӰء
翼һ£ȥסأһȽ˽ܵĸ˿ռ䣬ñ˴˶侲һ¡
ûиĸĸ֮˵뷨Ҳܹһ£ܱţǼҪð
һˣǰʱҲһסǸʱΪӱܣԲš
ӱܡ
ҲҲ
һʱһʱ
ܱԷÿͬһ£ȴҪװûаĽ֮飬Ҫõöࡣ
٣ڰ
ߡһȥȻҵ˼ǡǿòͬɣҲͬʱȥס
ҿһ¡
ʵҿ㲻̫ǡϣǭZȼԲҪôۣǲ֪ԷΪʲôԸҲһҲܹ³˾Ųʮԭ򣬵Ρܹóݸ棬ûǱ̬ǶԴˣĸǰôų˵ģ֪ܲһ졭Ǹ׾ͱըˣǡôҲǿʮˣѵᱻŵò֪ɪɪô

󲻳ɪɪģպ̹׵˵֮ôڡֻҪĻûܹ谭ǡôʲôµأ
һˣܹ˸ɡ
ΪѾʲôûˣһʲôúʧȥأֻʲôܹʧȥأ
ʱ򣬾Ǿܷ
ҵˡֵָϵӱʾǭZȼʱ뿪ˡ
šǭZȼ˵ͷึˣ˾иµĿҪǩһƹ㣬һ£һοȻȥ̸һºͬɡ
ϣˡմӦ뿪ǰ˵ɱޱӰ
ֲСӣǭZȼŭ
һЦߵˡ
ǿȥѧУ˯գŴӺյĵֱַӿǰĹ԰
ΪǺظļգԺûȥ˾ֱӴӼ˾ĳȥĹ԰
Ĺ԰ſڣձ㿴ڳͣ˳Ҳ˳

šǣߵߣóǺܺãҲó͸¶ŵļ
С㣬ʱˡ¬ܼߵߣ
áտ¬ܼ״ƲĴͷк
С㣬á¬ܼɫģҲòʺá
ţȻʱˡ糯֣Ǿ߰ɡǿųһЦ˵ʵܹһȥԼĸףĻЩ˵ģֻЦĺ޽黳Щѡ
⡭¬ܼ֧֧˵񡭡̫ðɡ
⻰üʲôõģ
һʣʵ¬ܼƿԣܲܰѵ˵ɣֻ˵һȥүڴˡһȥǲǡ̫Ϲءڡˡϣҧ
ǱˡǣŸյ֣תΪʮָۣңȥݰְ֣ʲôؿԡԸһȥҺܸˡţְ֪ĻҲһܸ˵ġ
ǡǺ仰¬ܼҲüͷˡ
ֻ¡ظҪǻţź͸һˣѪѹֱҽԺš
¬ܼңǶԸʲô𣿡
ûСϷ򲻸ҡ
սǵĶԻͷβﱾͲŵһ˿ȴʼŴ󣬡Ȼһǲȥ˰ɡ
ɿ˺֣Լ֣룭űǸ
ˡ
ȫΪ¬ܼҵĻ
ܡΪĻɡ
üôһԲעŸա
ձ飬ȴûа취ӦֻܹԼŮ˵գšذ̣һȥһºذ̵İְֺ𣿡
⴩ȫɫװҲǴһȫɫΪľΪׯһЩ
ʵǾԼֻǸģϾһʼûԼӦӦ̤ǸĹ԰һ
ذ̵İְ֣Сţ͡
ԡһݺذְֵ̰ʱҪƺذ̵İְΪүү֪𣿡
ţСչɵصͷ
ءͷһֱû뿪գ㲻һȥ
ҡյ˸һ˰ɡȥɡ㣬һġҾͺá

С㡭¬ܼҴߴٵ
Ǻðɡ͸¶żʧ䣬ôҲǸˣѵСһֱŤӲŸȥô
šյẓֲ̇ûú翴ĳ
߰ɡǣСĹ԰ȥ
żλźɫװıںӶˡ
¬ܼҸ˼ֱͣǣŸյԶˣ۷
лҪ˵
¡
ڶʮ졫ϣܼ־һЩ
Ҳü°ѣ
Ҽȥ
Ҳ²¿¬ܼһ˵ʲô


170 
һվԭ, ڳű, źǣСյԶ, ĸŮӰ, ʼıΪɫӰӣֱʧ
¬ܼҲ֪ʱ, ߵ˸յߡ
յͷԼڽϵĺɫƤЬ, Ҳ֪ԼЩʲô
۽ǵ, ע⵽Ե¬ܼ, ȴûпڴһ̵İ
¬ܼҲֻڸյվ´Ÿա
ǸҪ绤СŮ, ˡ
֪ʱ, ¬̧ܼͷǣС뿪ĵطѾǵӰ, ¬ܼ֪ǵķλעǸ, ɣ, ǻ˴˿̵, СС㳤˺ܶࡣ꿴ʱ򣬻ǸеӤ
ԾɵͷһԲ
Ӧ˵ʲô
飬Ҫȥ𣬸Ҫ͡
Ҫɡλ¬ܼ, ҲǸܹƽ̸۹ȥĺѡ
Ϸ򿴵óССòҲܹɣʱ䡭ҲҪˡ¬ܼҵƺһеĿףΪ֮պٳһЩضΪһɫˡһСҪ鹦ڸСĹ͡
¬ܼջطԶߣ¿գЩһչСС㣬һ˰ɡ
á̧ͷһƽǰʼղ¬ܼҶӣҵŮչӦ飬˵࣬ҲʲôͲ͵ġ
Ȼ¬ܼҵ۾΢΢У񿪳׵̵棬Ϊһ仰˵ССŮôΪʲôڣֽСǰء
Ů֣աŴԥһվֱ壬ת¬ܼңһ˫۾һ˿ŭƣյաҲŮΪʲôûȨ磿
ǺǣϷ˼¬ܼ΢΢һЦɫĺһССǴС㻳̥ʮģС裬ȻȨС㡣
ҧҧԸٶ˵һ䣬¿سϣȴ˫ֽǰڳһܾ¬ܼҽ̬
Ϸ˼ǡ¬ܼҿյϬƺҪ˵˼͸Ƶģ㣬ֻҪССС㣬һĸŮ֮ĻǵȷӦҪССͷΪƣСһĻôϷǾԲͬġ
ǰҪ縸׵ͬ⣬ôͻȻЦŵҡҡͷڡҪͬ𣿡
С˭һ𣬸˭Ƕɡ˭ԣǡ㲻С¬ܼҲչֳõĺ
ڸһ𡣡ղԸٶѿ࣬磭ϲ
ȻСԸ˵ʵôҲͲȦˡ¬ܼɫҿóСϲСС㣬СС㡭ҲСһ𡣼ȻˣϣóССĸȨСС㣬չˡȻȻȨ
ܡ¬ܼҵĻû꣬һڻؾǾԲܵġҲ鷢Ҳͬ⣬Ҳܻͬġ
ǵҪչգԸһĻͲôСʱոֿӸ֮ʱ𣬾һֱɸչ˳󣬡ϣҷֱ֣ڳ˵Ρ
꣬ǴСĸףҲүϣСԻع֮ǰ¬ܼü˵ҲΪĸˣվڸĸĽǶȣһ£СǸʱٵʲô״ʧȥ䣬ʲô˶ǵãԿ˵һпհףԼܹ֤չ˺Լ£ãǸʱչСС𣿡
ңСʧ֮ûССĴڡҲʺϽʶµ󣬿չһµ
ʲôȥ飬ʶͬһǶ⣬С˵һجΡ
ԴʧȥԺһجξͿʼˣֱڡ
ղ֪һجΣ˽죬ǲѾˣ˵ҲӦýˣÿÿȥһִĵڶķܾ
ϣܹ⡣
ڲ̸Щ˵ĻҲΪ˵ġЩȥˣҲᡣ˫ָ֣̯ƣ֮䣬ǾԲõļᶨ֮ܶ¹յϣһһҶԲòġ
á¬ܼҵ˵ͷ˳⣬ȻС㲻ԸСС϶̸ۣǲ̸Щ̣Щ˵
ôڴСء
˵ʵϷú⡣ڵΣҲϷζû뵽ġ
СʧԺ󣬾Ȼ㡣ҡ¬ܼ̲סЦˣºһˡ
¬ܼ˵ȴѭ򽥽һжĲ֮С
֪С˻ԼΪԵʡ¬ܼҶĿŸգȻἰʱֻһ仰赭дУһΪˡ
Ϸ򲢲СǷָ˼䣬Ҳļ俪ʼлָļּǵ˶١ȻСֺһˣǡ֪顭¬ܼ΢΢¶һ˿Ц⡣
ɸǾԲЦݣԸλߵĳ֪СֻηӦأ
飬޳ܣԸͲϷһһо˵˰ɣ¬ܼҵЦݽֱûЦ⣬תԣСС㱣־룬ʿɶֹ
ֻǵͷһԲ
ֻһ㣬ֻҪϣ޷ʲôûа취˵Ҳ޷ʲô
Ϊ¬ܼ˵ʵ
յ飬԰ͦصһһ
飬ȷʵ⣬Ĵ
죬Сܹϣ֪ܵģûкƤСһͬĹ԰ȥүһϡ¬ܼҵϣչֳͰЦݣȴżֱģϷǳĵģл
ҲϣӽԺܹһԼݺλá¬ܼҿʼЦݣҪ̫ڽӽС㣬ʲôҪšΣˡ
ҲᡣҲûô
ѡһҲôһ̣й嶯Ǵ󲿷ֵԭ򣬶Ǹվ˼ľ
ҪʲôΣա
Ǿ㣬ʹС֣뿪¬ܼҵɴ۾ͶŵԶĮ̣͸һ𣿡
˵仰Ժ¬ܼߵܣԸĹ԰ſڵ˾Ӷ˲Ҫղյ̸ݡ
¸һԭأĹ԰ȥ
գԾάһ˿ڳϵƣȴǻİ
лҪ˵
¡
ʵһҷ䶨ʱµ
ǣ
ϻԶ¡
ڶʮһ죬ϣܼ־һЩ
˵һһ£ʵ˵ɶǸо˵˻͸ѣ
ʾɣ¬ܼҺ۰磬ںظ߹һӣ˵ǿ糤ˡ
Ҳˡ
ĿôҲɻĵطдա
ึм飬ŷֵģһֱ˵
ÿдСֵʱˡ
ע⣡ɺϣɺϣɺϣ
Ҫ˵顣
ոŮǽ
Ȼ󷴹гһ㣬ǡֵߣ
աֵ
ҷġڸɫ趨ȡֵʱȫû뵽֡
ģɫ־ͻȻģȻŮҲΪŮֵȻҪֵ֡
Ծ͸һ𣬾Ǹˡ
ʱͻȻ֣գгֵֵߡ
Լֵʱ򶼱ɺϸȵ˹
оø˰
ģ
ȻǸɺϣǾһڤڤ֮עĸо
ԽˣʹҲߴң
ϲľУ

Ҫȥ˯



171 
Ĺ԰
ǣСյ, Ĺ԰ȥ
ʮ, 㵽Ŀĵء
ı, ĹΧվһ, ӶҲеƷдҳոµİɫĤ, մȡˮ㿪ʼһĹĻҳ
ֹ, ɡִǵнӹĨ
վվȰһº𣿡ͷ֪Сա
ţСҲɵĴӦ
С˳ģ, ¶Ȱı, СԴĨʼȥĹĻҳ
ʱĹ԰
ֻżյʱ, ŻĹ԰һ¸ס
ƽ, 鲻̫õʱҲһ˴ڼ棬ϣѲõҲ
ǰ, ϵĹ¼ҹһˡ
˵, һлûʲô仯, Ҳ¬ܼڼż, һжôľȻ
ǣֻкӸһ̿ʼϣġһ˶ûˡ
¬ܼǿ, ȻˣȴʤˣɵסҲ޷ĸλͬ
ԴԺ󣬹˾һдСҲȫļϣҪһ˿һ乫˾ˣһ˳ѾֻʣһˡѾٳ֮Ϊҡļҡ
ʧȥԺ꣬껷Ȼߣδ塣
ҲΪĹϵ껷ĻԼҲ˳µĵڡ
˵ʵɹڵһ̣棬ľһ
ʵףԼԳ껷塭ûио
㡭ʧȥĸ׾͸߹껷ʧǰమ֪ˣ˼Ҫˡ
ɡֶûСûа
ȷ֪ʧǰԼǲԼ˵껷ǳҲ֪ȥԼ껷֮便ǷڹΪ顱Ķ
ܹ϶ǣ١мԳ껷塭޸о
Ҳ˵ǿġ
ûͬ⡣
飬ȷ
ǣо޷ģҲǡ
ЩоУûСûУǿ󲻵á
껷δ꣬粻޶ԣҲֻǰϵѺİ˵ͨѰˣһЩĳ̶ȶû
ʼ껷塣
֪껷Ƿһ㣬Ҳٻճˡ
֪ǲΪĹϵʵ粢ûϵЩʲôڹȥļ䡣
ֻǡżԺ֮УðһЩƬλ߲֣ʱܹڶȥڹĶԻ
ǣЩ̫ˣһÿһΣŬĻԺ֮гֹĳҪŬļȥʱЩ桭ͻῪʼģ壬κε׼ʱ䣬ʧˡ
Щ棬ں˵ȴǺģΪЩģú͸Ķȷһ㡪ǸԼ׿УԼమ֪ˣǳ껷塣
㿴壬ţǸȷţǸˡ
ȵʱˣҲῪʼʧԼĸ׶Լ˵ÿһ仰
ɥʧеļ䣬ѣݣϢȫǾԼ׵֣õϣеĻǸ׿ġ
ǣʼɡ
Ҳأܹӹȥ˵ĻУҵ©
ңҲúַܶʽ֤Լ뷨
磬װ֮䣬ѯʳ껷壬ǹȥϲʲôȥʲôطǹȥĺգ껷ԴںĶȴձƣ֮˻ȥʱ٩٩̸
ֱ磬¬ܼһм˾Ӷ̸ȥ飬ǻشĿھ벽Զôһ¡Ҫô֧֧ᣬҪôԼĸΪڣ˵ʲôԸȥԼԺ󴥾еʲôġ
һеļ󣬶мѭ
ûã껷˷֡
Լף껷ô˽ʱ䡣
ڶԼʱĸлҲԸ˺ƤֻϣҺɢ൱ͨѾͺá
ֱϹʣǭZȼҵĹ˾ǩ˺Ŀ
գˡ
˵ǡһʣһء
ֺøкȤںǰҵ˵ֵʱ򣬾Ѿˣֱˡ
ЩҪ˽뷨ЩҪ׽ĳȣѸٵӿռĴԣ޷˼޴ӹ˼
Щ׾ܾ껷壬Ըٸһ˿ϣžԺκ
ٺһˣҲ˲ٵСᣭܹ͸һҲһദôǢ˵ʵĺܸˣҲ㡣
ΪҪµļˡ
罫׵ĹĨɾҲһʱ飬һһ˵
ԺĨ½Ӷˣʱ뿪
һʱ֮䣬ĹǰֻʣСˡ
ְ֣ܾòˡ翴ĹϵһźڰƬƬһЦҲûУһ˿òˣƬ΢΢һЦںܺáһҷǳϲˡ֣ա
վߺܹԵСӣŮֽСաСյļ򣬶ЦЦǸܺõ֡գƣյա
ƣյա
ա
ߡơա


֣šաáô
šҺϲ
ֽգϲ

ߡգԾظ֡
̣ʲô°С֣ץס֣ʹҡţ̣
ţعСգ¶һЦݣ˵գأǰ̵İְ֡Խүүม
ޣСһɵĿĹϵˣСһүү
ԡСյСգԼĸ˵ܹԺòԲԡҺϲദҲ졣һҸоӵµļһ
ڸա룬ǲ̫˼ɣҲҵ̫ͻأһЩʱ̫Ը㡣ţ˶ãһ԰ץһġչֳʮ˵
СҸ껷壬ˡҲ˻Լɫ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪƭҡüͷ㻹ڵĻһش˵ΪҺáֻǡһǾãԼĹȥۺõģǻģҶ֪Ȩ
ʧԺԭϣԼĸףҲǻ
ŮÿضҪֳһ
Ȼظܻĳ̾һ߶ţΪá
ÿζŰƲͣĻһ£ֻҲټ첱Ӵˡ
֪Ȩ
֪һУ̫١
˵˽ϢҲȫĸ׸ļҲ˵
ϣһ죬˺һš׸ϵľ޴ߡ
ҲһУῪʼʡ
磬ЩʱԺ֮вļƬ
磬Щ߻֮ȥ
ٱ硭ա
лҪ˵
ϡ¡
ڶʮ죬ϣܼ־һЩ
˵ҿһ£ľɶоֶ


172 
ǵġ
粢Ǻ޸о
Լ׵Ļ, Ҳо, Ҳ, ڸաҲǡ
ô˵ء
ǡĪĹС
עŸյĵʱ, һִյ۾ע, ȴڿǡ͸ע, ڿˡ
ʱú, 񡭡Ϊˡĳˡ, ˵ǣˡĳˡĴƷƵġ
˵ʵ, ܲϲָо
ÿÿս̸ʱ, ָоûпĽ˭ǺȻദ
ΪҪӽ, ҲĳɹĿԺ󣬻˽⵽վһ, ־ģ
ӽԺ, ȴܾá¶һЩҲԭӦóϵı顣
ȷе˵, ӦþǡΥ͸С
粢֪ԼǴӺεó۵ģֻ뷨ʱ򣬲ŷѾΪ뷨һۡ
Ӫһּ󣬻ǡǲǸģء
޴ӵ֪Ҳ޷ϡ
С㡣¬ܼҲ֪ʱߵĹǰ, ΢΢ͷСԺ˵̫ѹˡ
عһ¬ܼң΢΢˵ͷš
졭үļգҲʺ˵Щ˵顣¬ܼƺָС㲻͸ү˵˵Ŀĵ飬ǹϻз顣
Ҹղ˵ˡƽ˵һ˰ְ֣Ѿ껷Լ顣۽ǵ⿴һ¬ܼң˶٣漴˵ԼҸս顣
⡭¬ܼţһʱ֮üͷ
¬ܼҡʲô뷨
ûУûС¬ܼҡҡͷ˵ֻǡүļգ˵Щ𡣡
ôʣ罫С§ڻƫƫͷ¬ܼ˵һҺܸˡܹһҲҸе㡣⡭ʲôô
¬ܼ޻˵ͣ˵ЩĻֲĲ죬ҲԸڽӣںĸǰʲôۣȥԵò̫𾴣ʵı͡
ʱҲˡ¬ܼûٶ˵ʲôҲټ⣬ǿʼ׼һ°ɡ
õġ¬ܼҴӦתȥԸһֱΧӶǿʼ׼
ԸԺתźģ
ղ̸֣ⲻһ̾Ϣ
ʵ֮ǰԺظ˵ĻҲ˲٣ò˵͸֮䡭ǡ֪˵ԵԵǳ֮Ǳ˴˶ϷŹԷ
ҲšϷŹԼɡ
綼ѾʧˣϸԺ󣬾ȻϲҺһ
Ϊ˸ǲһе̬뵱ꡭһޡ
ظڻĻŮ֮һⲻһսˡ
ȵݼԺ
һվĹǰ˫۶ؿԼĸףһŴ˵ְ֣´㡣СһһֱɵվԼԵСգڴһ˿Цݣ´ΣҲһġ
¬ܼ꣬һü
ûеգҲָ֪Ǹա
ȵ鶼Ժ¬ܼҷԸӶ½ʰűź磬һĹ԰ſȥ
ûһСձӲԶԼӰһԶܵ˸յ߱ס
ԼŮסԺ󣬸ղŻعʶѾˣԼŮĶͷɫº͵˵иүүú˵𡣡
ţ
ԡ
漴۽ǵ⣬Ѿߵǰ̧ͷǡö˺һ˫۾ˣ
šɫƽ͵ĵ˵ͷ
š򴽣Ҳٶ
һʱ֮䣬֪Ժ磬Ҳ֪Ӧ˵Щʲô
ˡ
ţ΢΢һ㶣ûзӦ
ε̾һ§ס˸յ°͸ļϣһ˿ƣ˵ˡ
ޡǻعƵģḧ˸ıգգ۾˵ǡ߰ɣؼҡ
šǡ
á
仰ĺů
߰ɣؼҡ
ҡ
мˡ
С㣬Ѿ׼˷ˣȥԡ¬ܼװʲôûзƵĿ˵ȫϲԵĲˡÿݼүȥһٵġ
ûзӦ
Ҳ޷Ӧ
С㣿¬ܼұֿһΡ
Դֻǡ°ȻڸյļϣĲŸյļʹյյĶ˵ôءǡҪһȥԷ𣿡
ͣû˼ֻ̫࣬ʶҪܾҡ̫ɡ
Ϊʲô

㣬Ϊʲôò̫㣿
޷ش
ǰΪʲôء
Ϊʲôһṳ̂һء
Ϊʲôһֻվҵſڿһȶҹϵء
Ȼûлشô͵Ĭˣ㲻شǾǴӦ҆
ǡǾá֧֧˵졭Ͼ㸸׵ļգӦáҪһ˴Ŷ̫Ҫ˴ɡ
Ӧá𣿡罫Լշֿ˻ɫ׿ڸ˵Ҫһ˴Ŷ𣿡
סˣû뵽ͻȻͱ
˵ûдҵȷ̫Ҫ˴š򴽽ǣȴûЦ⣬㲻Ǳˡͷһգһ˫۾СգҲǡ

ԣҪһȥ𡣡
𣿡üšһδԵĸʧĺ磬ӡҴҡ֮ǣջǾáĹϵ
Ҳ˵ҸѾˡעŸյ۾û˿㣬ֻвݶҡļᶨڣܻ߷ôأһңκ˵ʲôʲô޹ء
ԣȷδһѡǸѡ⣬ѡҲֻΩһһ
Ǹա
Ҳֻиա
տ۾ͻȻЩģΪʲôʧȥ˼䣬ܹ˵ЩǿԼᶨĻء
ꡭ߹ҵһ
ǡǿһ棬ҡ

ˣΥ͸С
ڸնӣҲĵȷȷܹӸյԼӰԼ
ΪΡȴء
յӳճǸӰġô
á¶ЦݣҲЦ⣬Ҹһȥ
šֻǡǵЦ⣬ȴЩǣǿ
лҪ˵

Ұҹһ¡
ڶʮ죬ϣֵܼþһЩ
賿.
֪ҿһɶоأ
Ҫ涼ġ
ҿ޷شĵط涼˵ա
ҵȥ˯
һ¾ֱӷȥͺϾѾǵڶ

ԸÿһˣΡ
ġ


173 
С, ˡ˾ͣ˺ؼҴլļſڡ
ŸպСһ˳
Լǰһլ, յζӳ¡
ʵûȥļҡ
ʶֻûнǰ, Ҳżؼһ, ˴ʱʲôֻǾһ, øΪʱ⡣
翪ʼ, ںظƤӵ, ҲдŸ, ֻʱظڼңҲδظ̹յĹϵ
ٺһһµС, ͺˡ
ͻȻ
ʧԺ, 㱻ظ˼ңʱվŵſڵ
ϣܹһ档
ֻ, ܿϧǡţȴҲû򿪹
û, ظΪ, ͳ˹
աҲ, Ӧġ
Ҳкü˰ɡ
죬վŵǰ
ۿţŶ򿪣ߡվŵ, ҲǺ籾ˡ
񡭡һжûиı䡣
ƺֻһ߳Ρ
ɺ񡭡һУѾˡ
С㡣¬ܼĬĬߵߣʾԻؼˡ
š翴ű򿪵ĴţϸգҲǣСյ֣˽ȥ
¬ܼҿǰһ˵Ӱε̾һ
Ϊ˵ߣҲǸᡣ
ܹ
ָԭ״Ժֻܹɵƽ
ǰ
ᰡ
ᡭܹôء
⿪İ취ǡϡ
С㣬ѽһλŸ˵ӵǰЦ˵¬ܼҽر𽻴÷˵ԵĲˣҪԵ㡣
ðллЦŵл
ҲûдվںԵĸգֻڿǣһľɫС㡣΢΢ͷʺá
áҲмֲȻȴҪ
߽ĵһ𣬾͸оڡ
λǡŵƣע⵽һֱץס½ǵСա
СյһȥһİĵطЩ¡
գҪ£Ǻذ̵ļҡظԼŮ͵Ŵк
Сͣգһ˫۾վǰݴһС˵źá
ԡ֣Ҳµ˭һʱϲλС
ȡ¬ܼվһɫż˵ڵĻСæڣѾˣȥ׼һ¡
ޡžղŲһʧˣ˫ģε˵ԴˣͿˣ¶ˡתԺЦ˵Сλֱȥ³ԷɣǸոõģȺء
õġ
Ժ󣬺粻һֱֵôнܾ̤Լҵļһ𣬾˶һܽ״̬Ϊܹһ㣬㽫մԼķ䣬ԻĴιһ¡
ķ䣿ǣԼŮ֣վںķſڡ
šţߵ߽һֱվſڰɡ
š
վڷſڣ˷ڵĲһܣһϤȻ
һУûб䡭
Ȼûʲôı䡣

ޡ
տĴԼϲĸȤĶ档СջƣϾķ桭ҲܻʲôСӰ֮ġ
ţСմӦű㿪ʼڷĴơ
Ǹա߽Ժ󣬱㾶ֱߵԣĿ鼮ƷĬ
ôˣ翴ģߵߣĲʵ
ûСֻҡҡͷ漴Ц˵ûʲô
﷢
տһۺֵı飬漴ֽתϡ
ûǴĻ
ߵһ
Ȼ
ǸšĸĺɫСӣԾľ
ֽעǸɫСӺһ
ʲô𣿡ӸյùǸɫСӣˣ˵ǻҡӡװ֮ǰϻʧǸĺӡ
յߣʼշںɫСӡŵǸĸϣҲзѯʺ磬ô֪ôȷ𣿡
ΪҲšyĸȻ˵߼Ҳ˵ǸʱӦңҪҵģȴ˵ʲôˣҲûҵǸҺԼȥҲûҵ
ùеĺɫСӣĿһۣԭλ˳룬磬Ǹ⣬ԲҲ֪Ǹ壬˵ôҪ
ԭΪѾʲôǵˡ
ȻˣǸΪǶĴڣԡҲֻһͨװƷˣпޡ
ҴӲʧˣǸ˵ȴԾҪ⡣
Һø˰
磬ġø˰
ǣֺѹ
Ǹʱ򡭡ΪʲôҪԳ껷ĴأĶòԸǸ껹㣬ɡ
򴽣Ĭ˺һǲָգǸꡭȻʧˡôҲû취ˡ
Ȼô˵ʵ棬ǾЩѹźġ
ţΪֹҲ˵Ǹ壬ǡĵ棬ʧ
յɫ¶ԥ֪ӦӦøߺ磬ʵǸ꣬ıԼ
Լˡ֣ḧŸյգ漴ƣ֣תϸĶʳָĴָš
ţ
ԭһŷԭյĶһֻǡûпմ߶Ҳעһֱûз֡
šһʱ֮Щţ΢΢ƫͷָסԼ
֣ͣڿУЦЦ漴ջ֣ôûм߶ʲôأ˶ȴô
Ϊգգ۾ɫ糣ػش˵ûҵʮǵĿʽ
˵ͷӦǳ˵Ǹ죬һȥɣȥһãĶҶһԶ꣬һһֻ
šЦŴӦ
̣̣ʱСﱧһͼĶܹС˭ѽ
ţӹСյݹͼᣬ׹ᣬЦ˵СŮมСʱƬ
Ҳ΢̽ͷȥСʱƬ
ע⵽ƺԼƬЩȤ㽫ݸ
սӹһԵͷطƬ
Ȼһ
棬йںȥƬһŶʣ˵˵ĺûУĺնûУеƬҪôǺСʱҪôǽġ
ţյʱ򡣡
ţ̨ݵʱ򡣡
ţյʦ䷢״ʱ򡣡
š
š
š
ôŸշʱרעĲ峺ö
Ժ֮ģӰ񡭡
ʱ˵
㡭ô֪ġ
ôյĻشӦǡ
ţ
̧ͷżɻȴЦݡ
Ƭķ治д𣿡
ʼ
лҪ˵
˼ˣûʱ֡
ողã滻
һžǽ
ڶʱ䣬ڵڣ£д
ûӡİȣȥ
ĵ㣬ҵ˯

ڶʮ죬ϣܼ־һЩ


174 
ڶ졣
ڶ
հչ, һԼŮȥѧУ
, ںļ, Խ, ϰɺؼҵ˾ȥ˾
ǸձֻҪԼŮѧͿˡ
Ȼյĳոտ׶԰ſ, ͣͱһ˸Χ
ֻǰ, ĳ㱻һȺŻͲ˸Χסˡ
տƲ, 𳵴, ˳ţֻСŵô, 䣡
ûϵ, ûϵ̽ԼŮ§סҪ, 
ˡǿûһԶܽ, С, ˵һ¸С֮Ĺϵ
С, СλΪʲôأ
Сޣ֮䷢ʲô飿
С㡭
С㡭
С㡭
øûӡȫһоԼʲô
ղҪ£ᱣġտŴ, ֿԼɪɪСգǽԼСյϣ뿪
ȴջع˾һ½г̰빤ݣⲻϣԽؼɡ
Ȼ˾ǱûܵӰĻᾡڹ˾ѹ뿪
գֱȥѧУϿΣȻҲа취ձܿȺ˵׷ʽѧУǡԼŮյŵģʵûа취
ʵҲпǹҪҪմؼңȻ֪ͨӶ˰չա
룬׶԰һҲĻ»ᵢܶʱ䡣
칫˾һҪĻ飬̫ȱϯ
ôţձ㽫ϴ¥ͣڡ
񡭡һⶼûˣ
̫𡭡ôϵſڣһƽ
Ҳãôţͣ˳ȻǣСյ˵ݡ
һԼ칫ҵķߣһߴѧУʦʦ첻ȥѧУˣϣܼ¡
ȻΪֹԼҲû׷ʲô顣
ֻǵãһȺͻͲΧסʱһߴߴ˺ܶ⡣
ģԼ֡
ȵڰ칫¥㣬ǣյԼ칫ҵķߣһ·ϣܹоڰ칫λϵͬͶעӵĿ⣬˳߻ȥֿǶܰĵͷͷͷϵĹ
û߽Լİ칫ңԼAdaӭ漱ææ˹߹ʡ
ʲô°
ܼ˵Ҹ˹˾Ժֱȥ칫㡣
á㶣漴Ӧһ칫ҷźö͡
ܼ˼ạ̇̄ϾȥAdaһ۸գֵͷƳһСա
ãˡպһ漴Ada˵վȰտһˡҵİ칫ȥͿˡ
գҪ뿪һӡյգ˵㻹ǸλAdaһȥİ칫һİ칫ϲĻᣬϴ㿴֪ȥİ칫Ժ󣬾Լȥҳæ깤㣬𣿡
䡭Сձ˱ɣ֮ǰľţץסյ֣е㲻̫Ҫ뿪
ܿġʮӾͺáʮ֮䱣֤ն˶ɫᶨ˵֮ǰʲôҪֱӸλAda˵ţ
šƺǸо˸յΣСսɿ˸յ֣Ƕʮ֮һҪม
á
ţ
˼鷳ˡձǸضAda˵
ûϵʵյŮܹҲʱ򣬻϶ûôĹڵԣȽϵĵġǸա
šյ˵ͷеĹ°ǭZȼİ칫ȥ
һ·ĵߵǭZȼİ칫ſڣǰһһֲ̫õԤС
ˣˡ
Ӧܿʹڴ˳
Ada˵ҡ߽칫ң˳š
ǭZȼָָ칫ǰӣ𱻷һԵң˰칫ҵİҶ
տǭZȼһϵжǾһõ̬˵ʲô鰡ҵô˵ֻжʮӡҴһҴӦʮ֮ڵûصߵġ
ǭZȼյɫҲûڣֱӿżɽ˵ϵţ㿴𣿡
ţʲôţüͷƾţǷţ
־Ҳû𣿡
ұһȥѧУģǸյѧУͱһȺ˸ĪΧסˡղ룬ǭZȼķӦӦϷѲ˸ϵڻûйЩʲôˣ
㡭ǭZȼ˵侲Ļû˵ڣˣ㻹Լɡô˵ţӳóü־ӵյǰ
ҪʲôƾŻǷŵˣƫƫǡ
š
տǭZȼóǼ־ͼݱֽÿһŷ϶Ӱ
ͬһӰģеĲҲȳˣˣյ
յȴˡ
ʲôܹܣʲôܹ̣йյκ飬Բò
ǭZȼĬŵͷ˼Լݹȥ־ͱֽ
һ⼸ǡ
ϸ߹Ӱͬ磭
ĸͬ磭磭Ϊİ㡱
Ӱҵ鳡ʧ⣿
ϸ߹ҹֹǾˡ
Ӱ߹֮䲻ò˵Ķ¡
еĺüŶͼƬȻеƬҲСϾľͷȻСӱˣǭZȼΪ֪ˣȻҲܹϳǸ˵ĺա
ЩҲǽ˹˾Ժ֪ġǭZȼڽ˵Ȼʹ绰ˣһֱûнӡ
һֱİ绰ҵ˾
ұҪ֪ͨ첻Ҫ˾ġҽյ˾ʱ򣬾ͷֹ˾ſΧһȺߡǺ˾ſڱΧ˸ˮйͨñ˰ȫˡ
ѹ֡ʱ򣬽ܹͣͨ衣
Ѿסˡȫ˾˶Ѿ֪ˣҰְҲǡ

ְ֪Ա˽˵飬Ϲ˾ţȻýͱǺܲڹ˾ġǭZȼȻԸ˵ֻܹʵ߸ա
סǭZȼ˵ЩҲǳְˣȻҲܹס
ĿǰΪְֹ³ûдô£ҲûϢ˵㡣ֻǡӦףʱġֻǡʱûжѡ
Ҷҧҧһ׼ġ
֡³Ǹ棬Ҳʵòһµġ
ģ飬֪ôտЩ־ϵ֣һ˿
ֻǰһ̨棬ô˵ûϵ
ڡ
ǣ浽ߵˣǣա
˭һŹ
롭ǱߣӦҲܿͻ֪ǭZȼ˵Ϊ˱ⲻҪ鷳㿴ҪҪ绰˵һ¡
һῼǿġսϵ־뱨ֽȫЩʵ˾ĸӰ죬Ҳġ
лҪ˵

ڶʮ죬ϣܼ־һЩ
λ˵ϣãС
ûգ漸»С
֮Ҫдԭա
͸͵



175 
бôûеĻ, ҾȻذ칫ˡտһʱ, Ѿȥʮˡ
Ҫصյߡ
ǭZȼסվĸ, ƬϵŮˡ
۾, Զʱ, 㻹ʲôء
ҲǸ˼ǭZȼȻŸյΪ˰ǴӸտЩ, Ҫ뿪, ͷβûз񶨹Щ, ƬϵŮ˾ʶɣһֱûзƬŮ˵Ĺϵ
ҵѡմԵĲһĹϵ, Ҳҵѧ, ʱʶģҺܶæ

ǭZȼ˵ͷ
ȻôӾˣҲʶ, ֪ˣȻ˵Ӿ, żҲһȥӰ, ߴԷԼ, Ҳ뿴Ӱѡ
ЩĵӰҲĲ롣
Ҳ֪Ҳܸߡ
ֻûջһϵ
ѧ㡭㡭
ѧ, һ졣ǡǰǣǷǳҪõѡ
ޡˣǡǸ꣬ԸһУ֪ˣĿһķ
ЩЩƬģ
ǡճϣµƬĵȷȷʵڲҷģд롣
ʵϣ֮ĹϵͽӴһֱͨѵĽ֮ڣûԽ
ֻеġһЩ֮˵Ŀ󵼶ܹ޵ķŴ󣬴ӶﵽעЧ
ŮŮ֮ദͻһЩǹѾ͸ǡ
һǰ֮£پĳЩʿĴ󴫲ͻñΪЩ֮µıǡࡱ
ֻǣһѧˡұԼõܵģΪ֮ǰ绰ң˵æ˻ճأÿһԸʲôġվ򵥵Ľһȥ֪ǰˣУľ˻ǰͻȻʹ绰ңϣȥΪľλʿչȥƵ꣬һĵĻһֻһЩʵͷԲŰȥ
ԭ
ңѧÿλأУʲôرԭĻһ㶼סҼҵġ
ӣЩƬӦö챻ĵİɡǭZȼε̾һԭλУ磭Ҫӣȴû뵽ȥֳš
֮㲻ùˡ飬һᴦõġһ飬ڸ˾ʧԼӰ飬ĺܱǸ
ǭZȼڰ֣ر𲻰ոǸ
鴦ˣ粨ȥԺԸееĺǭZȼ˵ͷܱǸ鷳
ιסǭZȼվ˶ˣҵİ칫ңҰֵİ칫ңңҰҰ֣ɱˣⷬٴɶԴˣ
ε˵ܱ֮ǸҲ鷳ôҵ顣
˵ʲôءôǭZȼڳһܲ˵ӣ˵ˣҪĲôĵĻͿЩ鶼ҾͲ˰
ţһġ
СͻȻġǭZȼԥһҡһ˵ӦţҪҲǱǵְͷϾð桭Ҳֱ֪ӾͷŷϣΡðͷˣӦҵ˼
֪յɫǭZȼָʲô
޷ǾǡһЩߣУҪˡ
ʵȥؼңסһߺһ֮䶼Ǳŷǳ֫Ӵ
ǱǳƬۿȴȫױĽǶȡ
˵ⲻĳЩΪ֮տɲš
Ҳҵֶȥ˽һµġǭZȼֻǸյѣΪͬҵ
ϵԱԸգǵͬڸԡ
ǱˡʵЩģȻȫǲʵٱǡϲͬ磭ȷʵģȻϲеŮӣֻϲѣǡ
Ϊҵ飬ʲô˾Ͳˡ֪ǭZȼΪԷţǭZȼΪͬ磭飬븸ĸʲôˣͻú鷳
Է㡭ҲܺôȥǭZȼĸ׵Ĺϵɡ
֪ô磬ǭZȼŭɢһ롣
ˣһȥˡտ˿ʱ䣬ǭZȼҲ˲ʮˣյӦҲȼˣȻѾˣĿǰ³ûң롭ҽӦûһֱڹɹµĻҲμӵġ
áǭZȼ˵ͷĻ¼ҲѾAda֮ŵİ칫ˣһذ칫Ժһ¡
š
ţձЩ־ͱֽصԼİ칫ҡ
ȻȫһЩʵıɼȻǱǳĶǾǰֵֽ֣úõоһ
߹ʡAdaΪСյĹϵҲһֱڸյİ칫
ллչասЩ־ͱֽ˼鷳㡣
ᰡĻAdaЦŰֱʾ⣬ܹҲܰȫ鷳
Ǿ̫ˡ
æĻ¼ҷˡAdaָָϵɫļУȳȥæˣʲôٽҡ
á
ȵAda뿪Ժ
ߵԼŮߣ񣬳Ǹ⣬գԲ𰡣ϡŵ˰ɡ
šСŬĵ˵ͷҲϲǡöΧ
ˡһѱסԼŮ§ڻ㱣֤ٷˡõĻ䡣
ţ
￴ᡣءһæˣԼȥǱߵСóԵġȹˣʹؼҡ𣿡
ţСչԹԵĴӦžܵ˵СȥСʳˡ
ӾǺӣ򵥺ܶ࣬кóԵģģͻܿˡ
ղϣԼŮʧȥݼ򵥵㡣
Ȼذ칫ǰ˹°óֻ
кܶδӵ绰
İӶࡣ
ΡǺ硣
Ȼǣ
Щδӵ绰;Դǵġ
ڷʱֻӫĻлʾĻ档
ʾǣ硣
˼ʱ䣬漴ͨ˵绰
ι
ææϵش绰һֱûнӣúܲڡսͨ˵绰ȴֲ֪οڡ
˵Ļںڡ
ңЩʲô𡣡վϣԼܹԵûһЩôȴ˵ء
˵
ţ
㡣
лҪ˵

ڶʮ죬ϣܼ־һЩ
Ҫȥ

֮ǰ˵ˡ
ӡ
ġףƽҹ֡ʥڿ֣ѣ
Ҫѣ


176 

, һ㶡
û뵽õĻش
һ, һů, ӿȫ
лл㡣պܸˡ
СЩš绹ڴ, Ӧθ飬ô
ŲӰ칫˾, ĵȻҲ, ȽҪ֪, ϴ洦顣
СȼĹĿǰ³ûҹ, Ѿˡʵʵ˵, ֪ôõҡ
šȻϷſ, ʵﻹЩĵǣ졭ʲôʱؼҡ硭ȥɣ
Ļҽճʱ°ġ
, ǡ㲻ҡԼȥҾͺˡʵ¸յļſҲᱻЩΧˮйͨԴ°, ظռһЩ鷳¡
ûԼһˡ
Ȼ˾ȥ, 㲻õ˶, 㣬𡣻աҴʦ˽⵽սûȥѧУ˼١ڡ𣿡
ȻȥѧУʱ򱻼Χסȷܵһ㾪šڡղͷһڱ߳ʳ߿ԼŮ, һĨǳǳЦ⣬ӦѾûˡСͰѷնˡ
ţǾͺáյĻش𣬺΢΢һţ°ȥһ̳һССգϣܹοһ
ͱˡֲǸոտʼˣ黹ѲҡһúýġսһЩҪ絣ҲҪǣ֮С
̫أҲǳŮ˵ֱܾáûô򵥣ڽõ֮ǰԸ罫ȥ
㰡ͰĹɡ
ţҲǰ
ʲôĻҪǵøҡ
֪Ļʲôءû
ǡðɡ
漴չҶ˵绰
㽫Щһ©ģȫϸоһ
ŵĿû֣ƬҲû漰ϢеŶǱǵġ
Ҳ˵ЩƬԴͬһˣֻƬԴ첻ʵϢˣͬһ˻ǹӶϵǺϵͲö֪ˡ
Ŀǰ˵õĽ취ǾǷǵ˾˭ѹЩʵţʵ࣬Ȼع˾
뵽մһ绰
Ȼ˺óʱ䣬˽
ţִһ
ȵҶ²һε绰ʱ򣬵绰ȴͻȻͨˡ
ιС㣬顭
㻹˼绰𡣡绰ͷģһĮŮˡ
նӡ
С㡣
ߣû뵽ļǻڵ绰ͷЦʱ㻹绰ʲôĸС˰־ͷˡ֮䣬Ǽĳ
СأøϻڲǸЩʱ
С飬ãط˵ԣҪСͨԽҡ
ιƲƲ졣
ʲôʱ˵ҵȫ˵ģӵ绰ͷԶĴ˹ιС𣿡
ǣС㡣
ţʲô飬˵ɡȫȻ˾İԹŭӣֻԹԵشԼֻ漴ߵһߣʼ绰
ţҲӦѾ֪ˡʵЩ˼ܾ
ԣҿˡƽܶ࣬ϾͷĴ̫ˣʮָͷЩԵýʲô鲻дЩ飬Ҫֲˡ
˼Ҹ鷳ҲȻ˲⣬ⲢԸպӰ졣
ҡӣСնϾˣȻǱˣ滹ǾúܲдԾдǣСʲô¶ء
˵ˣСյĸأ˵ӲСպ裬ֻԼС㡱ô˵ҲСյԼŮ۰
գû뵽Щߺ־ô֣նǣܱǸ˵ģҵľ͹˾Ѿʼˡ
ʵڵһʱ֪ˣҲ̾͸մ˵绰ֻǸûнӣʹ㻺һþ͹˾飬ҲͿһġ
ôǻȦģټھķ䲻뿪벻ڵһʱյһϢҲѰ
Ҳǣоָ鷳ˡվãò˼ŶԣʶľãķǱ
ʲôءεҡҡͷôأһʲô飬ܾԼĴᣬҲ̫ѽ⿪˰ɣҪΪȦˣЩôĵͷȥأһնǣ˵˼ˣҲŶ԰
ô͸ò˼ˡԻ;˷УǱģͬ磭ţҪûжӵôдô⵹ãֱӹ˹񡣡
ιü˾һۣ漴־úܲʹ죬˵ܲ𡣡֮ǣĶĶȥɡ
ߡЦһмĽԴŤһߣȻߣ粽롣
ˣ¶˵¶ɡ㲻м𣿡
ԣм飬һ¡
˵ɡ
绰桭˵̫ûеڿԿճҲһݺͬһ·㣬㿴һ֮һظ𣿡
ԣû⡣
ǺãھͲȻϷ㡣
š
漴ҵ˵绰
öϾŭߡ
ȻһߣȫӵˣԡҿʼȥղֻһĤ
ȻһΣûԼֻ
ȵĤʱոպãյ˸շǷݲĺͬ
㿪˿һۣһ䡣
Ȼ߳ԡңֻӸĪľ档


ĿϸĿǷݳԸֲ֮ĺͬ
УҲͬ⡣
Ϊʲô˫ֽǰһģȻѾġͬ⡱ܺãҲܹù˾⣬ûоܾɡ
С
üʾ⾮˵ȥ
˵УС
üͷھĻشǳ㶼ʮüŮˣܲôȡ𡣡
ûеڡ
Ź˾ԸΪŲڵġ
֮Ҳͬ⡣
ءӾûֻš
ιץס֣˳㰴סֻôð˵Ҫôô㶼һԼ𡣡
ȣҲķʲô⡣Լ水ס֣һһģ룭Σͬڹ˾ĶҪߺܶ࣬ȫΪҵĵһѡС
УǶ˵ҪˡתƵһ飬Щ˸ԣô㶼Ӧ㻹ʲôء

̾һ漴һ飬ʼջš
Ժߵǰֳھɳ߷ϣֱؿ
ﰡ
֮ǰ㲻˵ϣҲҪôֻҪͬĻҾͲˡ
㲻ǶѾˡѼӲ֪Ըԭ治֪࿪أԸʹȻţǵ˱˻Եͬͬ⣬ôҪ
Ҫ˵ͷԣͬô
Ȼϣͬ⣬Ҿͬ͡¡滹ȴѾ΢΢͸һ˿Цݡ
绰ͷĸգյͬĻţҲǡ
лҪ˵
ϣ
µĺľУ
ʵڸ֮ͣͷŽ
һǶʱա
ڿľУ
ڶʮ죬ϣܼ־һЩ
ڴҵɻ󣬺½ڻ𰸵ģԲҪ?


177 
ˡ

̧ͷ, ߽칫ҵˡ
ôôпգ
ûа, ֪С, ͹¡ǭZȼ˵Ƶ, ڹʱҸվƵġ
𣿡
ǰǭZȼһ޹ص˵ͷ漴Сյ, գþòǵ˭𣿡
ţСմӻ̧ͷ, һЦԼ, Ҳ¶һЦ˵, ǵãǰ̡
šΪСյĳƺ, ǭZȼһʱ, ҲͶʮͷͣôͳ˰ءôҲú
ң£
ʲô£ǭZȼװͿ
ˡ², ڹҿ϶л˵տһʱ䣬뿪ỹаСʱ
ð, ֪㡣ǭZȼƲƲ, ֻʵʵ˵, Ұ֡ҲǶ³Сʱ֮Ļ飬Ҳϯ֪ԭûдμġ
ڳı֮ѡϯ, ǭZȼҲѰ
˼ǭZȼָʲôá³ڻϣóΪһô
ǡ
šʵҲղ⣬Ͼ¹ع˾ҲȷٻԹ˾һӰ죬㶭³Ҫڻ϶ۣҲ֮еġ㲻Ҫġ
Ҷ಻ĵ⡣Ӧ֪˽ʻԶԾͻ׽öࡣǭZȼüͷ¼Ϊŵ̸Ǿǰŵˣ㲻̨ġ
㲻ҪġտοǭZȼ˵Ѿ֮ӦĽ취ˡ
ʲô취
ǡ
֡֡ϵߵ绰
ιս
߹ʣ³ߵ绰˵Ҫȥ칫һˡAdaġ
³ҪңտǭZȼһۡ
ǡ
ãϾȥ
ҵߵ绰Ժ󣬸ʰϵļǭZȼ˵Ҿȥ³ˣʲôһġ
Ҳһȥ
ˣ³ָҪңû˵ҲҪһȥˡ
ôСǭZȼ˵ʵǵĸյĴ֮⣬ʵҲҪ֪ıĸס׻ʲôĿ
ϾĿǰΪֹԷ㣭磭ˣֻз䣬񻹺֪顣
ǭZȼ֪飬ô
ҪȥҲаǭZȼܣҪŸһȥ˵վˡ
ǺðɡŸߵԼŮߣ˼䣬ߵ⣬Ada˵ھȥ³һ¿ֱܾӿˣվ鷳ˡ
õġ
ǭZȼһȥİ칫ҡ
߹ã³û³칫ңͱ鹧ʱˡ
ţõġ
ܼ࣬³˵Ҫ߹ʡ֮ǣ˸֮ˣ˭ܽȥ
ǭZȼһۣǴһ߽ȥ
ܼࡪ齫
ҪңǭZȼ˵ʱ˼֡
ҲΣԸġ
СȼҲҪ
֡֡Եߵ绰
ǣãõġӦҵ˵绰ߵǭZȼߵͷ˵ܼ࣬Խȥˡ³˵͸߹һȥ
ǭZȼüûΪʲôҲһȥܲܡĴɡ
߰ɡ
ձżݺɫļУǭZȼһ߽İ칫ҡ
ֻڰ칫ǰһƽؿǣ

֪Ҫ̸ʲôʵףҲԸǰװɵΪҵ˽ԭ򣬸˾˲õӰ죬ҺܱǸ
ȻףҲ㶵ȦӡָԼֱãھ鿪ʼʮӵʱ䣬ڿ֮ǰ뷨
㣬ֹΪȼȼѧѣҲΪȷӦףϲỨǮӶܵˡѻ˵ĺֱףԣٰ̨֮ǰһᡣӦöҵ˼
ǡյȻףҲڿǰǸ绰ˡ
ҸղĺͬǩԼĶҲѾͨˣԷ˵û⡣֮ҲûĻƻͿԶˡսеļݺɫļзŵϡ
ǭZȼһݿʼġ
ǷĵʱҲ֮ĹϵȻصͶ
Ҳ˵ͬݺͬĳĻǿһķᡣʳָסıһֱûбЩ׼뷨ݣͬļд
֪³ô
ļϰֽ֣΢΢۾ַļϣָʮнûļĬһ˵ӦԽ¼ĴٶȺܿ죬ĽҲǳʣˣ˳ѹ˾һĿķҲˡ
֮䣬ǿ佱֮⣬úܺáҹȻûˡ
³ˡ΢΢˵ͷҲΪ˾Ϊҵ˽ܵĸӰѣЩҵķ֮¡
㲻Ҫǫ顣˰֣Ȼȷù˾ܵӰ죬ϻûôʲô˱ƪʵ¾ܹѹġ
˵ǡ
ֻǡΪԷһһһºˡϣ㲻Ҫ⡣񻰷һת˶˵ƪϵݣô
Ҳӱܲ⣬ָǣƬµݡ
˵ǣСǶȿʮƬҲãǴ󵨵¶ǵҲã֪ģǼٵġ
ƬǽλĵġΪǶȵ⣬־ϵĴЧС㣬װףҵѧҲҵѣǵĹϵֻѡ
ǡƫƫͷʾ˵ȥ
ЩôҪôǭZȼͻȻڣʻĸײںЩĻΪʲôһҪʸء
Ϊ˾쵼ˣ֪Щ
ЩѵԱ˽ôǭZȼģ³㡭ѵַԱ˽ô
飬ΪʲôҪʵôأ
ԷǸУ磭Ļĸףôô
㲻Ӧð˽ΪǭZȼӦôΪѣǹ˾
ôǹ˾ΪǶ³ͿַԱ˽ô
㡪һʱ
նǭZȼҡҡͷʾٸ̧ˣתֶ˵µݣеݶǼٵġһ㣬ȷʵϲŮӡ
ãˡ˵ͷֿǭZȼһۡ
ݺͬоٳû⡣ļС㹵ͨ˵ĻֱǩԼ
õġ
һ¿֮ǰЩղλӡãͷڻ˵ɡ
ǡ
ˣȥɣʮӣΪ׼ˡ
õģҾȳȥˡ
Ҳ
¡
лҪ˵
ǡ
ûһҲǶʱա
һҲǶʱ¡
ʱ¹̶ڣ:
Ϊʮȫʮ
ڶʮ죬ϣܼ־һЩ
⣬ݣСZС㻹иĲ֣Ὺʼд
ǣǵ飬Ƿͬһʱġ
ǽϡ
ʲôӭ


178 
ǭZȼһǭZȼ, 漴ļ, 뿪˰칫ҡ
˿, 칫ֻʣǭZȼŮ
˵ʲô, ³
ֻǸŮʱԳƺҰְ־ͺá
˵ʲô, ְ֡ǭZȼ˳ƺǸղһӲ
, ڹ˾, ҲкһʱˡѵӦð˽, Ҫ˵𣿡ǭZȼĮüͷ
ҲҸո˵ʲô⡣ǭZȼ, ղŵķ, ȷַյ˽ôϲ˭ϲ˻Ů, ıʲôϵĹϵôο, ǹ˾, ҲûĹ涨, Ӷ磭ȡΪͬԵˡ
ձ˵ģ磭ǣУ磭Ļôйıֽ־ϵıٵģǹ˾ֱѰ;飬ֱȥдЩ˷̰ͿˡһǭZȼָ뷨ʧƫĵĵط, ѧɵģһְ취
ûУ˵ٴһģ棭ʵ磬Ҫ˽࣬ЩģЩʵġ
֪ˡ
һɫ۾ȥϲ˭飿ƫƫͷĿǭZȼ
ǡǭZȼҲε˵Լ뷨
̾һҡҡͷ˵ģǸյ˽£޹أҹܲЩҲ治Щ
ܲ治ˣڡ㲻ɫ۾ڵǭZȼš˴⬣˵Ļ̫ԣ磭ˡ
ðְôش㣿
áǭZȼԼҰְֵ۾üʱ䣬ڡ顱ţһᣬҸ㣬ҲϲŮء
˵ʲô͸˰˸ȣҲ㡣
˵ҲϲŮӵĻְôشء
ǭZȼ̽ΪĻ̫©ˡ
Ȼ˵ĺеΪ³ȷҪȥ˽ʵ̶ȣǡͷβûзһӦõۡ
ܲ
治ˡ
ЩΪոûκιϵɣܹν
ΪǱ˼ҵĺӣôԽܡ
Լվͬλϵʱ񡭡ܹô˵ô
ɡְ֡ǭZȼνһЦ·𡭡ķӦ֮ƵģҲôν
㡪
ǭZȼ˵仰վ뿪ˡ
ֻһݺݵڰ칫
ǭZȼҲûáղֻǿЦġĽǰιȥֻǾ仰뿪ˡ
ʣµģȫƾˡ
ҪҲãҲա
֮Ѿȫ̬ˡ
Ц
Լ׵ɫ۾ԭֻԼѡ
󣬱㵽˿ʱ䡣
֮ͬǰ˵ڻвλԱԼ뷨Լ¼ӦĽ
飬Բճ
ֻǭZȼŮ֮Уûжӹ
һĹҲǸԻؼҡ
ǣصԺҲǻ඼˵
ע⵽ԸŮ֮Ĳڷ󣬳ǭZȼԷ㶼ط˺ڿɳѯԵɡ
ղųʱôôֻ̽磭ؿڡ
ʳԣ޲۾һֱŵӽĿֻ˼ȴȫڵӾϣʲôֵġԷӦðسԡ
ǰɲô˵ġֵôǵǰҵǣرϲķϳЦءܹһĿڵҸа
ƲƲɣ⻰ûȥ
ôˣ֮һ仰˵ƢʵȼȼҲǣصҾ˰Ϊϵ飬ʲô𣿻ʲô
ûСһҪıƽȥش䡣
ΪϵʲôۣҲҲǹϵؼοΪǹ˾ϳʲô⣬еķԸᡣ
šشЩܣüͷԾؾˣǭZȼ˵Ļ;÷ꡣ
Ҹ㣬ҲϲŮء
仰棭ʵ磬޴ӱ١
ǸʱǭZȼ˵ˡ
ȻǡĻǾ˵һеǰᶼֻǼ衣
ǡһ̣ǭZȼıôУŭ뿪ӣԼؼ֮һԲ״̬ʵǺţ˵Ǿ仰ġ
Ҫ֪ǭZȼʲô˼ȴûһǭZȼ
ΪеĻһʳ˿ڣͿܻõȷĴ𰸡
Ǵ𰸡ȴδԼϣǸ
һͷԷǭZȼ˷䣬ԣڴһӣüͷʣôˣͰְ֮ǰìô
ûСǭZȼˣָĿ˵Ҳìܰɡ
ʲôôӻؼҿʼһ˵ءԷ˫ַϣԼϣעǭZȼ
ֻǡЩͰְֲͬˡ
ǲͬܲͬ
ͬͲԷЦЦÿ˶ͬһ¶вͬĿǶ˵һǧ߾һǧķôҪΪ鲻ء
顭ǭZȼεǣ죬˾˺ܴ顣
Щ־ͱֽϵı˵Է
ǡְֵ˼ǣ
øյĽ취ܺáڸյ飬Ҳ˵νܲˣҲ޷档
š
ҸǭZȼ˸öԷ˫ۣҲϲŮӵĻô
һ̣ԷԼǡְֵ˼ǡ
Էװ򶨣ǭZȼջߣ۾֪
֪ǡ
û˵ô죬Ҳԡôνӡ
šԷ򴽣ûٶ˵ʲô
ܶʱıܿǭZȼĵⷽĻ⡣
Ϊ޽⣬ˣҲֻܹǳĬճѣȻˡֺα֮˫Ĳء
ءǭZȼ̧֣ԼĶͷĵðһ仰
ҡ
ϣְֻʲôشءǭZȼ˶٣ǸʱȥĻá𣿡
ԷĬãҲֻǴ˵˵ЩҲûʲôáҲֻ˵ġôóЩ䡣
ǭZȼŴش˵š
ǰֻǣѡ
ǰĴ𰸣˰
ȴֻܹˡ
лҪ˵
һҲǶʱա
ڶʮ죬ϣܼ־һЩ
ʵķӦܺ⡣
Ǹĸеһֵ͵Ĵ
ʵо
еĸĸƿڱ˼ҵĺӳϲͬԡ
ܹο˼ҵĸĸ˵źȥġ
Ϊ²ؼܹƵ·Ȼȥοˡ
һԼӵ֮ȫһֶԴİ취
ʵкܶʱ򣬸ĸɫ۾ֻרԼĺӡ
Լ⡣
вͬѣӭ뷨


179 
ˡͽļǩ, 쵽ʱ, Ϳ°ˡ
õġļ, ΢΢, 뿪
С
վźķԸ
յݵ, סҪκˡ
ǡ
ˣûʲô, ȥ°ɡ
õġ˵ͷ, 뿪İ칫ҡ
һĿڰ칫, ˶ڷſյ״̬֮£˫ĶŰɫ컨, ޴۽
֪˶, ֱ壬һ󡭡㽫ϵǸļ
, ת׿˿ʱ䣬ڡ°ʱ仹һСʱ
ϰ, Ӧڹ˾, ȻŸ°ġ
⡣
˽ű, Ҳܹ뵽жۣʵڲѾЩͷöʱ򣬻ҪԼ°ࡣ
˵Щŵı⡭
ܾÿܴء
ΪǸպĹϵֻǣձдô, еǳĲ졣
ԼϲˣҪȥϧˣΪ˱˲෹ĻһǲõĲʵۣ˭еİɡ
뵽͸еЩͷʹ
СʱԺ֮еĻ棬ԼڶߵĶԻ̫ǿҵϤˡ
粻֪ǲǿʼڹȥļˣЩ飬˭ûиߡ
ǼӶҲã¬ܼҲãǸաû˵
֪ôģЩܸǡ
뵽Щ飬Ҫʼͷˡ
ǡ°ˡ
ȻҲҼҲʳΪͣ췢ô飬ҲĸջؼһҪƣȥ
ֻǣڴ֮ǰһ飬Ҫһ¡
Ϊ˷ս°ܹ˳ؼң룬绰һұ˾ȥϻиռСȥһЩ˰ԵġӬǡ
õĻظԺųȥ͡
ȥ˾ģ˾ͣ¥£Լ¥
ǼҲͳ껷һĲôɵǭZȼ͸ա
Ҳļ䣬Ϊ껷塣
ֻǡϲҲʳζ
ǴʲôʱҲĴأѾǲ̫ˡ
񡭡һµ磬æʲôûгԣæͷĹڹ˾Ѱʳʳ
ʵ˵֪ôҵҲģֻ˳·šͿˡ
ƺһУڤڤ֮ע
һ˵ʱżҸ³Է
˵һֱûдء
´ΰɣ´Ρһһ
С㣬ѽϡͰǺþûˡϰ廹ǵǸϰ壬ÿ͵ӣҲһ㶼ûб䡣
ãþòˡȷжûˣһЩʳؼҡ
õġϰЦŰѲ˵ݸ
šҪһ棬ӦñȽʺСӳԣֻաš緭Ų˵ŸϲЩʲôŷ񶼲֪ϲЩʲô
ӡ֮Уƺʲôԣ϶ʳģԺҲûʲôرϲԵĶ
С𣿡ϰץסһҪϢ˵ţС㻹Сһ𡭡ˣϴǻ͵һţ͹ɣǼһ㶼ȣһϲġ
㣿
԰

Ҫʲô
㡣
Ҳġ
ģһ㶼ȣһϲġ
𣿡
Ȼôζ

С㣬ˡŴõͣ¥
һ·϶ûпЩ˲ġӬǡӦеı˾ˣѾЩ鷳˶˰ɡ
Ȼߵռſڵʱվǰˣһ㶡
¬ܼңôˡ
С㣬Ҵĵ绰ûнӡ¬ܼ΢΢һЦµˡ
ôˣʲôô
ϷСؼҵġ¬ܼԾɱЦݣһ·ϣӦûʲô޹ʿ߶ɣ
˼Ҳ˵ЩġӬǡ¬ܼҽġ
С㷢ô飬ϷΪӦٺʲôǣ㡭ϲķ˲ãǷӦؿһأ
ؾҡЩֽ־ݣ඼ǲ׽ӰԼж
ãΪԼǣҲӦΪϿһ¡¬ܼбСڱôķ粨سˣͬ磭ţʱ׽һֻ֮ͬͬᱻЩС׽ӰˡҲǣȥ𣿡
ʱǻдѿݡ¬ܼɫѵΪ˲෹ĻôνҲӦÿһºȫԱĸܣкҵķ𣿡
ôдǵɡңǲд
ΣһҪСһô
˵ϲ˭Ҫ˭һҵɡҡͻȻϬ¬ܼ㡭һֱֹ׽գΪһŮӣһкӵĵ裬Ϊ
ţֻ۾ֱֱע¬ܼҵ۾һһٵ˵Ǹգ
¬ܼҵЩ˸ȴǿװ򶨻ش𣬡Щû𡣡
𡣡νʼ漴ӿڴóԿЩûԻ
˵ԺԿ״ţ˽ȥҲ˳ֹš
ͽ¬ܼһվſڡ
صĺ磬һͣ˲ϡ
ŻҰļͻȻ¡
ǣ˼еĵƣﶼͨ͸漴ʼ򵥵ɨ
Ҳǰռһ¸
һһȥ󡭡ʣ˸յ鷿
ֻɨ뷨ټϡ˵ÿһط룬ԡһΣһ߽˸ռҵ鷿
֮Уû̫
һмҾƷǺܼ򵥵ĲúͰڷš
רĵĲŸ鷿칫ϵĻҳ
šܶ鶼Ԥһ㣬ֻǺĵʹ֮£˰칫ģ롣

һˡش˸յ
硭ڼ𣿡ؿ˺绹ûüսЬ˫߸Ь
ЦգĻر
šտź磬Դ
ԷɡùСձϵ˵Ҳǣ̽˺ܺóԵĶม
ۣ𣡡С˵ţЬӣ˷ܵܡ
ôˣ
ţ
оر˵ӡ
𣿡
šյ˵ͷûкܸߣ翴ƺܺõӣҲиȾа
Ϊ˰
лҪ˵
¡
û⣬һҲǶʱ
賿õġ
ʮ죬ϣܼ־һЩ
˵дʵڲ֪ȡʲôźá
ѡˡ֡
ֲֹǱ⣬⡣
ҿԲһ¡
ʲôġ
ţǽ
²¿İȣӭۡ


180 
εΡεΡǹ˾ߵ绰
ιʲô顣ս绰
, ߹, ˾ǰ̨绰˵, ĿѾ˾¥´, ڵ
ҵĿˣû̫ס
ǣǰ̨绰˵, ˵Լ
۾һգѾµ˭, һ˵, , ǰ̨˵Ͼȥӡһ߰ϵļƵһ, ׾ݵķߡ
˹˾
Ȼ
С㡣յĲŶסƵ, ̾һȻ㡣ȻҪôҲǰһӦȥŶ԰
ʲôصؽҡȡϵī, ¶˵ЦݣȻʱ, ȻԼֲ¶, иѵ˾ָԸľ档
ߡ֮ĵ٩, ȻҲϡֻգҲʲôɫˡ
ܸ֮л˫ֺʮʾл漴;һȥԼİ칫ġ
˰칫¥ʱ, ȡīԵʣڰ칫ְԱĿⶼ
Ϊ챨ֽ־ͷϵһ֮⣬ҲȻΪȫŮ񰡣
ۣǿǿ
ʲô
쿴
ԲۣҮ
ԲۣģŮģҽ۾尡˭ָһ·򣡡
ԲۣŮ񣡡
찡˱ȵ濴ҪҮ
Ƥã
˵ʮˡȻôᡭ
͸߹һģѵ˵ֽ־ϵıģ
ɡŮ𣡡
ôŮĻҲԸ䰡
߽յİ칫֮ǰȻΧϤ˶ֻȫûе¡
ôҲǻȦٴ˵ˣСǶ¶ټϡôҲȫŮߵĶĶߵģģЩϰˡ
ǣǳ¶һͰЦݣ˷ǳƽ׽˵ߣҴкˣҺð
ιǿڶЦҮ
׳հڸ˴к
ҲҲܣղ۾һڿң
Ҫô˵Ůأһڶձˡ
ŮԱ߻һŮ
Үīڴʲôī
ǸŮ˭
ŮЦÿЦڵӾ￴ӻҪÿʮ
ԣǺÿһٱһǧ
տһʢҪô˵ȥľƵ̸̸ϸأԹ״ܲô
˺ˣȫȥɡ֣ʾҶĴԵΪֹˣСأҲʶôкʹΪֹǻйҪ̸
ţձ쵽Լİ칫ӵߵ칫ҵľҲԶɴһߣȴǴδйԼһ亹
С㣬ر칫ǰӡ
£֪һƨȥˡ
ձΪŪһһ㶵ģֱֻ۾
лл˫ֽǰȻ˵ŵǸлĻʵȴȫûил˼ܣرǷᡣ
㡪øֱҧ
Сգֱ˵°ɡ̲סʵڲٸǸɹ˵Щϻˣ磭ֱԼͬʱҲøʦһԱߡ
ҲɫҷӰʽͬСôû⻰ڿֱǩԼȻûʲôҪ޸ĵĵطҵȨ޷Χ֮ڣҲᾡܵҪ󡣡
㷢ĺͬϸˣ⡭λҹϹģǹ˾ʦоˣͬû⡣һºͬݣϸϣҲչ˵Ϣʱ䡣ϣҲ㿪˺ܸҡʵңǰһġ
ȻСæڳͷ棬Ȼܹ㡣Ҳ֪Ǵ뿪еģΪ˰ңҪŲϣҺܱǸպܲ˼˵ԣʲôҪĻֻҪܹģҶϣܹþƾһЩ
˵㲻ѹˡ㿪˾ȻԸΪҵڣӦҽ˵ǩͬҾԿ˰֣ʵտǺźˣԱλϰ嶼ˣ˵Ĳ
𡣡ƫƫͷž¶ԵЦݣллϰ塣
ͷƳһߣա
ȻС㣬ҷĺͬûĻôھȥѺͬӡȷһ£ֽʰûĻǾͿֱǩԼˡ
á
õĿ϶ձߵ绰AdaͬӡͬʱȽ
һǩԼ֮ûĻϻһʽķᣬĿǶһ£СΪĿĴˡ˵ʱҲϣС㣬һͬϯ
û⡣
ھС㡭տ˿棬˶٣˵ԸĻҲΪСϰһͬϯȻ㲻ԸĻҲǿ󡣡ϾһʼվͰѾҲڣʵϡϯԡ
ڵݣСϰ塣ֱԲ䡣
տž棬Ųµ˼ȴ֪˼ǣ
;һͬʦһԣĶԻ̲סɪɪʲô֪Ҳʲô֪ΪʲôҪǰ˵ô˵Ļء
Ҷղ飬̧ͷϸյߣźڵķâûбҪ˵ôװɣ
ղʲôᣭǵĶԻݣ̸飬˵ʲôʱܲܲ˽°ûһרҵʰ
Բ𡣡΢΢ͷȵǸ
濴һ漴Ҳտڲԣ˵
ˡ

Adaӡĺͬ˸յİ칫ϣͬʱҲݺ˵ļһһݸļλ˳ȥ
ʮӺ
ԣû⡣ʦоһմӡֽʺͬȷǷݵӰĺͬһģһ
õģûĻǾǩԼɡǸմٳɵģ㹻ȨޣεĿ
š
ӹʣںͬǩԼ֡
Ҳǡ
ôСѧáЦ֣ʵǺܸ˵ģôһθһ£ʵ˵Ļᣬ⡣
ðѧ㣬졣Ҳ¶Цݣס֡
һ¾㱸ˡ
лҪ˵
£
ʮһ졣
۰ڼֵոһ
˵һ֮ĸ·ʽ
ȸ˵Ǹӣ¿ʼܵøոˡ
ʱĻᾡո
ԵĻܣѮңҾͻְˡ
ʲôʱǰһϼȻ󽻽˲֪
Ҳߴҵġ
Ȼҽְ֮һᾡָոա
ȻǾд뿴ݣҲƪġ
ΪӼְཻ棬ûйɵϣ̫ˡ
¸¿ʼҪ֤ոеѣǸոĻӦû⡣
ȸ˵Բ
Ҳõģһְͻᾡ쿪ʼոġ
ȡдƪ
˵Ĵžǽϡ
󣬽ǰӦûǣš
ǰ˵֣Ԫ֡
һˣƪָһ߹һͷҲŴһ߹һͷ
ллһͲ벻
һŬдȥġ
ֻҪԸ⿴Ҷһֱдȥġ
лл?ǡȹ?????ࡡ
ţ
ף֡
µһ꣬ף˳ƽϲ?


181 
鷳ˡרŰŵϢ, յл˵, ǽΰ, һܸĻֲʧźĴ, ˰, ҵѧð
𡣡հڰ֣ʾҵ, С, ⶥñҿɲҴҵлл, Ըճʱҡ
˰㡣˸ۣƻǹ˾߲ͨ, ѧ֪ô
šն˶, ˵ʱи
ѧô˵ģ
˵ܹѹţʵ, ǳáξǡ൱Ƕεļƻܴĸ, ûʲôʧʵش
šûʲô쳣ӡԴ, һΪѧԴʲôġ
ûεЦЦ, Щԥ֪ǷӦý֪
ʲô
ճĬûпڣĲʶԼ
Ǹλãֻһ
˳ŸյĶ, ע⵽ϣʲôûС
ס΢΢ü˵λôյġ
ջعĦָʱͣеĶ
ʲôǰѧһǸ꣬ôûˡָָλã㲻һֱܱǸô˯᲻ժ
Ǹ֪꣬Ӻʱ𣬳Ϊ˶ԸնԣǻһĴڣ˯Ҳ׵Ľȡ
ֹһε²۹˯궼ժҲһʱ˯̫ͿԼˣȻÿθնЦЦ˵
ҲٶԣϾǸ壬ס
š̫
㣿˯ʱ򶼲ժµˣ˵㣿Ÿ⺢ӿ϶ںŪˣΪѧ㣿
򴽣漴˵ͷ
һѡڰɣ
յͷҵһٴμʱҶϣҲŶꡣ֪ģһ
ü漴¶ЦݣⲻǺܺ𣿡
á𣿡
ôãЦ𽥼ûѧڻǸ꣬ѵ˵Ǳʶ١֤Ǹ꣬ҪǺ°

԰֮ǰμûҮҲǿտյġ
ǣձ֮ǰ飬һ
üͷ̾һǸ㲻㰡
ϡյʮָһĴָ֮䲻ͣػĦš

ţյһ˫ÿ۾ź翴Ҳ˵
ҸﰡŸգ¡
㡭տźЦģһʱ֮䣬ͻȻʲô˵ˣЦҡҡͷûʲô
ûʲôǾͿԷɡץסС˵տȥϴϴ֣˺óԵģϴɾͿԆ
ҮСкóԵľȥϴˡ
Ҳǣһȥ˵ţ㽫ķ
ΣԼŮһϴֻصʱ㿴һʳڵԼǰ
Щ
ҽ°࣬רȥġ罫һһݵǵϣ֪һۣҪʲôģ̫鷳ˡֲԸɴȥˡ㳢ζӦò
šյ˵ͷ
Ȼ⿪ʳеĸӣʱ̲סһ㶡
ôˣĳ񣬱ѯʣθô
˽ʹZȼĿζ˵ܲζ˵ģҵһ㶼ȣһϲġ
ģһ㶼ȣһϲġ
һġ
ʲô
ޡעź˫ۣŻع΢˵ϴκСȼһȥ꣬Ǽҵ㡭ȷȡǡǼңǹ˾
ԣ͵ݣȫġ
šյɴ˫ۣ֪νӻ磭ֱӿԡ
ó𣿡
ó԰
šôо죬رĵӣĴÿ̧ͷϺߵʱ򣬶оΧʢŵСƵģ˵ķΧò̫һˡ
ţͣܺõʵ
ʲô𣿡
ѵ㲻֪𣿡練ʸյ
ҡȴͻһǷʣʵʧ⣬һ̡Ժ֮ܶܶ
Ժ׹⣬ֻǶ̶̵һ˲ѣԺȴǧֲͬĴ𰸡
㻹ҵʲôʱ򰡣ͻȻװģ
ͣͻȻ޴һʱ֮ʲôǷӦ
֪˵ġָʲô
ǣʶʱͻȻԭ飬Ѿൽˣָ֪һĳ̶ȡ
ʵͣ˳㽫ӰոЩյ˵
ʲôֻǿһѾ֪ܱܲЦݵЦεװɵ
ҵ˰ﻹ˵ҲŪˣȥ鷿鷿ĳóǸԼȴСʧĸĶ꣬ҽѪҪɨһ¼㻹ҵʲôʱ򰡣
ȥ鷿˰
԰˵ͷ˵ʲôʱһģôҰǡ㱾һ죬һϲ𣿡
šһһ˿Цů⣬ҵˣġһֱûкʵĻᡣ
ԼˡЦҵˣ㾹Ȼҵˡ
տźרעעǸģʵôϲ𡣡
ţϲ̧ͷϸյ˫ۣϲ֮ضزסǳϲ
꣬ˣƺҲһɸ˵ľȾƵģҲЦ⡣
ţһʼ⻰ûʲô˼һĿֱǺڵ٩˺һŷӦ
ô˵ˣյĽǶȸˣϲ˵Ķ꣬ˣ
ҧҧƫ˳յģȻָĶ
ҲİƵģֻЦЦЦﾡǳ硣
Ҵݸա
սӹǸĸĶ꣬áģ漴յҶߣǸꡣ
Ȼڻûü룭ʱ򣬱㱻ͻȻ§ס
ֻգشյĶߣ૲ȴЩ˵Ҳϲ
ǾǶϲմȴ˵Ҳ̫̰˰ɡ
лҪ˵

а˵ãе⣿
ûãֻĿǰĲҪչһ顣
СZС
ģ
Ҽ


182 
㡭˵Ļ, һʱ֮, ȻԶ, 㡭㡭˵ˡ
šգ۾, һ޹ؿ͵ӡ
⡭ʲôյ𣿡̫յԻ·ҡⲻǷհ, ղǺԵģڸɣ
ûСղ˼ֱ, ôһ˵, 񡭡һ㡰ɡ
ƲƲ, ղſǸֹ֧֧ģΪʲô鷳ŵ, ͷ, ѹͲǰ
ʲôŰ
ǡ
Ҳǣ۵Ű
ʵꡭһֱϡմһԵһùԼİóһĸĺɫС, ŵݸ
ԡûٴԭ򡭡ѸյݹǸɫСǰȫһ飬Ϊѧʲô
Ŵ˺, һɫĶ, ԭӦһ, ˿̣ȴֻطһ꣬ûпȥңΪԭ֪, ĸ˶ʲôط
ҡҡͷ·˻ȥϺӣ˸գǡġơһšǸյġա
ˣءǣȫô
ʲôõ𡣡ղףȥ飬ֻ˹ȥʹ࣬ô𡱣ʲôأ
ңǵáʲôõôֱԲ䣬۾ֱĶŸգȫŹκһ˿Ӧ

ش𲻳

ҪǡҪ𡯣ЩӦһġֽǰϵЦݺ͵٩ھʧѡȨһʼѧ
ô˵ǡ
㲻Ҫҵǡ˰ֹ֣ռ˵ȥѶô㲻ϣܹ˿ĨȥܹĿܶƾԼܶô
޷ϡ
û¶ģȥ࣬ذڷںǰʱÿȥصʱʶķӦء
ѧļĻҲסѻ˵úֱףңڹȥܹء

ʲôϴּϢңһţߵߣ֮ѹֵա
ûʲôһС顣
ൽʱ׼ˣҳȥŴͷվ˳ȥ
ֱŸչ뿪ſ˵
ûСҡҡͷ㲻ֻҪ߽ͬˣһµĿܡ
١һôġעĲƽ˵ĺܲһ
ҵѧðҸŮ䣬ҶȻһˡҪ˵յĹϵһһأջѧŮء
𡣵Ҳ˼ֱӱԼ˵ǣεĽ󣬶Ҫġ
ͷϾߣ滰˼ˣǡ׳ôأӰ𡣡
ǡ
ǡ˵ǣǰɡµͷʼԼָ
Ϊʲôشҡһס֡
ΪûбҪ
Һǧ֮䡭
С㡪ʱ˽׼ĲˣҲ㣬ڿԳȥ
˾ŭߡ

С㣬֪ŵʱӦţõĻشٽòôҧгݵضԸ˵
˼ΪСר׼ϢңɵԱ̫ʺϣᣭ죭ɡ΢ЦŻػ
ˣ߰ɣȥɡһͷ󣬾̻ÿһԣǹˡ
Ҹһ𡭡˵ű
ˡܾʹϢɡһͿˡ
˵⻰ԺŸǰȥ¾һ˶Ϣˡ
̣Լһ߿ʵ⡣ͨݸ㿴һ¡
ˣ֪ˡ
ûһ㿪ʼˣҲ
ҺãһרٿأΪһ£ĿĴѾˣǵ˼˰С㡣ڼƻɸģټҪ֮ǰİŵ⣬ԷҲ֣ʲô⣬ӭҷԡ
֮ǰܿ־𣿡
߹ʸС֮вɸ˵Ĺϵ𣿡
СΪ˳𣿡
СʲôʱСأ֮ǰǰѷΪСĽ𣿡
֪Ҷ⼸촫÷зĲʵкܶʣýŽᣬҲҳһ¡Цſ˵ʵأҺԵλСأܶǰѾʶˡ
ʱ˵ҸأһбҵģѧѧõĹϵҲǷǳҪõѡ
ûڱֽ־˵ܻΪԼ͸޻̸֮ˡҸѧ֮ǰȷܻᣬΪĿĴˣ֮ǰдġܻᡯ
Ϊʲôȥѧ̸һΪλѧ㰡ʵ̫ˣһļͨ涼һ㣬ǴҪ԰˾֪ҸѵĹϵŰȥ˵ͣϣѧңճʱĿĴԡ
ΪյŮϵĸŮóʱûҺ԰̸ʱҪǰҵĸŮҲϡӻǵνܻᡯҵľ˼ҲڳǾ˭ĻỹԼ˴ϵݵ𣿡
⵹
ģ͹˾ôܻǺ
˭Ů;һĻİ
̨ѾһƬ͵
ȻҲȰѾͨ˵ļ߻С
ҪЧ
԰ЩŵĶ㿴ͺáĸλЩý岻ͬԼжЩ첻ʵŵˣҲڷɷΧ֮ڣһɫ
ڸⷬӲʩ֮£˳š
Ժ󣬵ȵ᳡˶ɢ߰˰ˣһ
ķܳɹ֪ʱ𣬺ĵߵ˸յߡ
ôˡЩȡ
ʵЩĲ£ģڻ᳡˭Zȼһˡ
СһԵкϴΡ˵ôɣ
šһ㶣漴˵ͷͬʱҲע⵽ˣҶߣǸĸĶꡣ
˵Խô˳Ҫлİæյл
æˡȡˡ˰֣˵ʲôæлĻ̫ˣҪˡ
ˡ˵ǰһеİ
԰
ĸа
һ۸գû̻ش
ôͻȻҲῴһ˼
ûа棬ʿЦЦѵǲ˵𣿡

ôᡣЦŴԲҸաź磬˶٣Ž˵ǣǣѧҵġ
ޡ˵ͷһתһȻӣеӡ󡣡
һ㶡
յᵽɤ۶
һ£һϰɣᡣţת˻⡣
ŵģŷ
ǡҾȺȥˡ
รáӦ⼸æ꣬ǳԷ
š
æͷϵ飬˹
߰ɡż˵
𣿡һԸ˵СգһȥɡҪȥ˾ǰɣ
ץסյ֣ڸջûüش֮ǰش˼˳㡭˸յǰڵס˼յߣһ𡣡
ע⵽վڸԵĺ硣
ԭСҲڡ򴽣漴˵ͷ˵ҸСȻȥˡƽĻȣЩĿɬ
ȵоһͬ뿪Ժ
ǣס֣һ˳ȥ
һ·Ͼ
ڵȺ̵Ƶʱ򣬺ͻȻ˵ҿóǺϲ㡣
ǣֻϲ㡣֣𣿡Դź磬̿ԣٳƴײ˵ˣ𣿡
ʲôƴססЦ⣬ΪӶ˺𡣡
ãھʹȥԷȻϻϡ
ιҲûôǡһ㣬һѡ粻뵢󵽿ʱ䡣
ʲôãֻҪ㲻Դס
аƱЩʲôƵģˡڻ᳡Zȼʱ򣬺п껷塣

ZȼʶôЩ󣬡ֳĹԱҽ᳡Լͳ껷̸Ҳ̸̫ʲô
յ˵ͷɻѹҪúġ
Щ飬ͱȥḧ֣ûϵˡԣͲҪٹˡ
ţֻ֪ǡϴβ˵ôٿֵĻҪ㡣
˵ĻǵôЦʵ
Ȼ翴ŸմЦĲ˵˵ÿһ֣ÿһ仰Ҷǵá
лҪ˵
ǡ
һ¡
ҵ˯ˡ
ó磬ѣ
?


183 
峿
, 
΢硣
, ֮һ⡣
ǭZȼĺһ, ѾܹĿԼ¶İ
䡣һҲ䡣
ֻǡ

, ԽԽͷʹеܵ, Щͷʹ飬޴, ֪Ӧ
ܴ֪ܲ
ֻҪڼ, ͻеѡ
񡭡һ, ޷ԼȥЩԼŵ顣
ҪӱܣҪȥᡣ
ӡ
ֻӡ
ԽԶԽá
ǡ˵Ļ, Էôأ
ܹһô
õĻ, Ͳڻڿˡ
죬չһڽгܡ
ȻЩ, ǿܺã˵˶֮, Ҳ˵úһЩ
ǭZȼΪ, ȥܵġ
ֻǡԸһζشڼ档
ѹԺ, Űãã컨壬ʲô벻ʲô벻˷ֻܳ, ʱһһš
֮⣬ʲôôС
״̬̫ˡ
еѹ֡
ԣ׿ЩͷʹѵķճܣܳһĺȻ󡭡ʵʵȥ˾ϰɡ



Źתע
šա
ͷҲֻ޾ѭ֮аˡ
ǭZȼ֪ǣΪ
ֳȥˣԷϴߵϳϻǭZȼ
šǭZȼ²ôߣ˵ƽֻܶ࣬ǺܵȻĵ˵ͷԷ߹
Է㣬ͻȻץסǭZȼ֡
ץסֱ۵ǭZȼɻĿԷ㡣
ԷֻǶעǭZȼ˫ۣҪ۾￴ЩʲôʲôûʳڣֻǭZȼڲϵİɫëǭZȼŶͷϵϸС
ллǭZȼ΢΢һЦ
ûʲôĶΪȻΪһϰߣġǣȥе˰ɡ
ޡͻȻǭZȼԷ˫ۣ˸һ£ҵȥϴˡЦŽ˵һĺ
šԷ㲻̫ףΪͻȻôת䡣
漴ʶԭǷһԷ˳
ʲôʱʼء
ңòֻǸҡ
ʱ򡭡ңӵһ˫εƵģͻϮһġסĺ
ȵǭZȼϴ裬һһͬ͵С
Ĺ˾ĵķǼ㣿ͻȻǭZȼ˵
㡣ǭZȼһ߿һߵػش˵ظ¶Ѿźˡ˵ķ棬ҲѾ̸ˣǩԼͻῪᡣ
ҲҪһȥ㲻ϯҲӦڳ
֪
Ů֮ĶԻȫûյĻЦֻʣһ¹Ŀ
ԷĬĬעһУһֱڶǭZȼķӦȴͣûзӦ
ֻһֱͷͣҲûʲô顣
ҳԱˡûһǭZȼһԣһֽ˲ͣ漴˵кܶ๤ҪҾȳȥ˾ˡ
ֻǵ˵ͷ
俴ĮģεҡҡͷǶǭZȼ¶Ц˵·ϿСһ㡣
֪ˡǭZȼ˵ͷ漴˵
Է㿴ǭZȼ뿪ıӰֱ߳ţʧ
ǡ
ͷβǭZȼûиӹ
ġΪ֮
Լ˸ʵģԷ㲻شü
ԣǭZȼʵڶԼ
ǡΪʲô
˹˾ԺǭZȼ㿪ʼͷ
ڵķᣬȻ˵Ŀĸ֮һϾɸ
Դ󲿷ֵʱ䣬ڻ᳡ලԱĽ
Ϊⳡᣬ˵һ㣬¹ع˾ټϡҲǸղ߻ķ֮սɲᱻ˭ҡ
ˣZȼ
㣿ǭZȼЩ⣬ô
֮ϲҪһ𿪸ôЦŽ˵ټϡ첻Ǻæԡ͹
ǲĸհɣǭZȼĴ˼
յ뷨дԵĸ˵֪ЩģǳڶԸĵģֻ·ʲôӣϾƻϲϱ仯һһң˵ܴãԡ
㿪Цô氡ǭZȼЦЦȻȻϱˣùԱȥɡ
áţǭZȼŵĹԱ᳡ȥ
֪ǲۻһ̣Ⱥ֮УһϤӰ
껷塣
λǭZȼ
С㣿껷˳һֻǰ׷ѰϣϳǭZȼǼġ
޹ԱڡǭZȼȫȻ˵Ļֻǰڳ»ֹ̬
޹Ա껷ͻȻᣭڿ㶵һֻ֣ˣװ׵ڴó뺯ݸǭZȼ
ǭZȼͷų껷ݹĶһ۾ϳϷȥ뺯
ǣֱϣһӦǾܾ껷᳡ڡ
û˰ɣ껷һ䣬ƺгûǭZȼӦʣǰߡ
СǭZȼԾɽ껷¡
껷彥ЦݣɫĿǭZȼԼͼ֪ʲôأ
˵У⡣ǭZȼ˿ԼԳ껷˽ϵĲ
𣿡껷岻ԡ
ǭZȼų껷Цʱ򡭡껷һΡ
ǸʱΪ껷塱ˣǰʶˣһģһ
ֻǸʱǰۣӦò
ڡǰһλȴӡеġ껷塱ȫһ
ǭZȼ׵⣬ļ䡭˴ôǡֻɺء
ˡֻͬͬأ
Ȼôǹǡλ껷ǰʱ̲סҪԼȦĳ嶯
ԸλǣԸλߵǣرǡԷ㡣
֮һ뺯Ӧǹ˾ɷԱˣԭĸǭZȼִӳ껷ùһ뺯ݸԵĹԱպã˼졭һˡ
΢΢ǰһ
ôҲô˫۾ţϷҲ㡣
ϾڣڴϣΪϵܼ˵һһжڱ˵ע֮£ɲʧ϶
껷ͷǭZȼһӣƺҲڻζղ˵ÿһ仰
ǣڳ˵ע֮£ЦˣһҲʧȵ˵ûϵΪԷСãԡҲ
˵ʲôԷЦʣĻȣȴûһ˿Ц⣬ֻзŭ
ûʲô껷ǣĿģѾﵽˣǭZȼС㣬ڡ
漴껷彫£ᣭأԼĿ㶵ҡڵ뿪ˡ
ǭZȼŭ뿪ıӰһ˿޵
лҪ˵
¡
СZСľչա
еæҵҶûüظ˼
ȵۣÿһҶп
ͳһظһ£Ŀǰûлָ䡣
Ȼ˵ֻĿǰ
Ĳϸ˵Ϊд˵;͸ˡ
⣬粻ͻȻĻָ䡣
ΪʧˣҪͻȻָ䣬ûô׵
Ҳ̫ϳϾ䲻ǿأҰ°ťͻȻӿ
ָĹһдҷġ
ˣҵ˯ˣѣ

ʲô⣬ӭۣҶῴա
ʱĻһֱӻظͳһлҪ˵ظ?


184 
ܼ, ˡ
ǭZȼŸճ, ߵԼİ칫ſ, ͱԼӭˡ
š
³Ը, ʮԺҪһݵĻ顣˶Ѿ֪ͨλ, ֻˡСϹϾ˵
ݵĻ飿ǭZȼü漴߽Լİ칫, , ߽˵, ³û˵Ϊʲôģأ
, ߹ʮǰص˹˾С˵, ³˼˵ø߹ڻϱһη˳⼸췢, һܽᡣ
ã֪ˡǭZȼ˵ͷ, ȥæɡ
õġ
ȵС뿪Ժ, ǭZȼαأԷŴ
롭ղų껷뿪ʱ, һ䡰ڡʲô˼
ڡ
Ǹʱ򣬳껷ΪʲôЦ
αװĴȡȷ·ĵЦݣ
ܾáֵֹģκô룬벻һȻ
ˡ

ܼ࣬鿪ʼ, ӡѵ
֪ˡǭZȼע⵽ղһʱ͹ȥˡ
漴صļȥ˻ҡ
أĿ⡣
Ȼȫʼն޽ŮֻڿжݵĶӣǭZȼƿߡ
ӱܣֻǲԸ⿴ĿԺȥ²ԼʱЩʲôֻҪʾԼʲô
ЩĽȥᡣ
飬ϣҿ˽һ¸ոսķؾԼո˶⼸漰Ĺ˾⣬һ¸ܽᡣϯλָʾš
ô˵һ½緢ĽԤմˣʼ㱨
ǭZȼ˫ۣȴֻһֱŰɫĴĻûзӦƺѾˡ
ô̧ͷ̨µһ˲䣬ע⵽ǭZȼģȴҲڣ޷̫Եѣ磭ֱװûпϣҲע⵽ǭZȼڷ飬ϣǷɵͽԣԤڵĽҪáΡΪڹϴʧԭ򣬸˾ɵʧһ֣صҵǸ
˵Ժ󣬸΢΢ͷ΢΢Ϲ
ΪĿ飬ʱģ֪ˣȴֻй˾Ϊĸ߲ԱԸնڲĽͣˡԼǢ̸ʱ䱻ץġǡвɸ˵Ĺϵ
ĽͣҲĬϵķʽϾȻѾõ˽ô徿ô£ǰΣûбҪټ֦ˡ
ˣӦ÷ƪˡ
ȻϣЩŵȷǶԹ˾һӰ졣˿ڣǴ㽫鳹׵ķڣڸҲܹʱĲȣع˾ҲѾС̸Ŀ飬Сļ룬˾ĿӪһǰδеĳɹ
һϣǸлһ¸աͷơ
³˽ڣˣﻹвһƵأ
Ĵ֮УǭZȼعһסԼĸղŵĲɣҲ˹ƵС
ô鵽ҲͽˡЦ˵ǰЩЩֽ־ϵġšνҥֹߡЩù˾֮ͬڲŽ˵һ٣ַעһȦЦ˵ĸλǴˣȻǷǡ
λ֮ͬ䶼֮İʾҲ˰˷֡
ˣȻˣɢɡ
ҵ˿ʼ½½ȥԾվ̨ǰʰŶ
ǭZȼǰ뿪ѯһڳ껷飬ȴֹסܼ࣬һҰ칫ҡ
仰ͷҲصˡ
տһ뿪ʱıӰСǭZȼ˵ô°ղһֱĲɵӡʱڷ԰ɣҹƶ³ˡ
ǭZȼεƲƲ죬һΪαװúܺûбء
εҡҡͷ˵ҵİ칫ңȥ궭³֮󣬾;Ϲɣ֮ǰĹ̵ڶҪʼˣģӦ֪ɣ
ޡˡǭZȼ֣Ͱ¶ˣ˵ôýкܶûأУʮӡʮӺȥ칫㡣
ң¥»𡭡ն˶٣תתӣ˼šûǴĻһµĻ飬ǲҪμӵİңǲ˶ڹ̵Ļ᲻Ǹһ𿪡
֪ǭZȼڰ֣֮ʮӺȥ칫֪ˣ㻹̸̸˵ˣȥҶ³ˡ
СտǭZȼ𼱻뿪ıӰǭZȼô¡
С껷ô
ǰû
ˡ

³ʲôң
ղſʱˡֻʮָཻĿǭZȼ
ǡǭZȼҲƱ磬ֱӳϴ󣬡Բ´һעġǡ´ˡ
εķ粨ǹȥˡ񶨶ǭZȼԥ˵Ҳϣ´Ρ
ʲô˼ǭZȼ̫ס
ϵÿһλԱ˽ҹܲˡҧҧ˵Ϊ˽˵Ӱ쵽˾󣬾Ҫе㡭㲻ֹϵԱ
ˡ
˵ĻѾˡ
ֻûаһ䡰㻹ǼҵĺӣŲ̊ˡ
˵ףǭZȼϵԱһһж⡭ŮһһǼҡ
׾ͺáһ֮ƺ־Щ̣оѻ˵̫һЩѡǿŸʩѹƵģʵְûб˼ֻ΢һ¡
סǭZȼ˵ͷЩ΢΢ɬûбµĻҾȳȥˣбҪҴ
ţȥɡ۲ǭZȼ沿飬ƺûʲô仯ôղšһ˲䣬ǭZȼı仯Ĵ𡭡
š
뿪İ칫ԺǭZȼѹֻɡ
ǰʱĸģ磭̬ȣǰûûΣҪǡǰʱûиԷ㽻ҲûиԷ㽻ĿܣС
һԷһˡ
˴֮˵Ĺϵ
γһ
ǰΡ
Σǻѵİ
ʵͷ̬ȣŮӸŮһĿǭZȼν
ϾһΡ
ǡЩԷ˵أ
ҲŵԼ飬ǡֲԸ÷ϲŮӡ
ô飬޽⡣
ͷ̬ԽǿӲǭZȼġ
ܺ£֪ʲôʱѣ֪ʲôʱ򡭡Էͻܲѹѡ뿪
뵽ֽе
ԭΪܹһϣĿʼ
ǰû뵽ǡ
ϣ󣬾Ȼǡ

лҪ˵
¡
СZڵ״̫
һ
ĸŮӸŮһ̬ȣʡ
ǭZȼν֪Էν
˵ЩʵǭZȼӰûر
ǭZȼѹǣЩԷԷܲˡ
ʵС˵飬û⣬ֻּϣġ
ؼڣ仳ɻ˵϶Ů˼
С㲻Ը÷ϲŮӡ
ͺҪˡ
Ҫ֤ϲŮӣܼ򵥣ѣ֤֮䲻Ǽװģǽ顣
СŵСZ顣
һֵѭ֮С
СĿǰû뵽취
СZȫûͷ
̬ԽǿӲԽ
ΪĻʵڰʾҪһͬš
ĻΪ˾ԱӰ칫˾ΪŮҲǼ˷顣
žǽ
ʵûз֣СZС㿪Űˣѣ


185 
ǭZȼһ
ֳĺһ
ĵĳ, ȴô̾ꡣ
ص칫ֱӱסһһҪļ, ֱյİ칫ҡ
, 㡣߽칫, ȴû¡
Zȼ΢΢һЦ˵, Ҫ̸ʲô
ޡǭZȼʵҪǹڳ껷飬ź, ʳڵĻ, ȴ˵, 񡭡̫ء
һ۸գתԺ˵, ǿ, ô
԰ָָԼϵֱڡҪֱӿʼôʵ˵μӻ, ʵֻ߶Ŀڹ̵Ĵƻġ
ʵϣĿĺ, Խ, ֻ˽, ϣܹиʱദһֱûнֽ
ټϣҲûرæԾԼԴĿĺڹ̣ҲܹӦù
ԡǭZȼ˵ͷ
һǭZȼ, ƺʶˣղһ˲ֹ΢˵ǾȥɣҲæˡţ˶٣Сȼæ˵Ļ֪ͨһ£ЩҪ̸һ¡
á
߰ɡվǭZȼһ뿪Ų֮ǰͷŸգգ۾һ°ࡣ
䴽ǣϵıȴдҸƺѭָӵĸо
ιιιǭZȼҪո˸Цˣһﻹںֳϵصķĺ
˵ʲô㡣ߴٵȥ㡣ʵЩˡ
ǭZȼѧŸղŸջشҲô˵˵٩

һСʱԺڿ˻ᡣ
ǭZȼ˶һ˵ĸо
ˡǭZȼļ򣬿ǭZȼԶڹ̵ļƻҲ˺ܶĹΣղŵĻ飬óǭZȼġ
ûʲô°ˡǭZȼڰ֣ȥհ칫ô
ԡ翴һʱ䣬ûе°ʱ䣬ȥһ°ࡣ
ҾȻذ칫ˡǭZȼʼԼϵһļˣող˵Ҫ̸š㣬鷳Ҹ߸һˣҪ̸ֱҰ칫Ұɡ
á
˵Ժ󣬺ֱӻ˸յİ칫ҡ
ˣ
ԡ
ǡȥһСȼİ칫ҡأºһ˴İ칫úġ
ھ°໹һʱ䣬ҾȥСհɣûǱӱȽϺãҲڵĻǲģ˿Ҳֻһ̸۹֮ġ
ڸҪȥǭZȼټֲϵְԱټһ˴Ļ˵лһʲôҪͲˡ
ҽСգٻ㡣֣Կ׸ҰɣǸһϵģû˾ĳ
ûĴͳԿףԵúԥǲҪ˰ɡҰгȥհɡԺٴ򳵻ҡǾһؼҡ
翴Ÿû˵Ȼ˵ԺҪȥ˾ҲûؼҲãԼ˾ҲϣԼǴӦûд
ֻû뵽նس̶ȱûҪϸ񣬲Ҳûа취˭ԼӦأáͲðҽгˣԼȥſͺˣһ
ţԺ󣬷Ϣҡ
֪
סҪͺȥϴ¥ſڵĳ嶯ֻ͵˵ݿڣŵŹϣֱҲתȥǭZȼİ칫ҡ
ˡ
š
أǭZȼЦ˵ðһİ칫Ұ
ȥˡҵĳϣû˾ֻܴȥյѧУҸȥݿڡ칫ǰϾϣǱܵӻȽϺá׺ôԭ
۰ȥݿڡǭZȼ٩ζʮ˵ǻǡ罺ᰡ
ȤءͲˡ˵ġձ˫ۣϵı㿪֮ǰ˵ҪҺ̸ôʲôû˵ôˣ
ǭZȼɴ۾յãûʲôеǵġֻǣ껷Ǻδ򣬸оڸյǰȥ̸۳껷壬øս⡣
˵Ҳ㡣ǭZȼĻ˸գ˵ڻ᳡껷ˣ̸֮ǰ𣿡
ӡ֮УǭZȼӦúͳ껷Ŷ԰ǵʼǭZȼһײ껷ʱǭZȼ˭֪
졣
᳡ʲô
˾Ҳ뺯ƺҲзݳϯļ߻ġǭZȼ򵥵˵һ´µջ뺯ˡ
յͷм顭㡣
˵
Ժ󡭡飬ֱܲӸҽ̸ءĦָƺ˼ǲźãҲϣٽӴй飬ǡԺй飬ʧ
û⡣ǭZȼעŸգգ۾롭ΪԴô
˲òడһֱûԭǴ׾ô˰
ûٽ͸ܹ࣬ǭZȼ֮ж˼
ǭZȼڳԴס
ǰûܹһԺ껷顭ΪֻвҲȻǻ̲סҪȥ֪Ľ
ڲͬȻ¸һˣôߣֻ
ȻˣôҲֱ˵ˡյ˼ǭZȼˣ⵹Ҳ»֪ڳ껷顣
ҵǿ԰֪Ĺ鶼㣬ֻǡΪʲôͻȻȤղ̫ףʼǭZȼһȤȱȱģ
ΪǭZȼԥ˺һû˵ʵԭҰ衭ڴС㡣
յͷ漴Լ֪ģȫǭZȼ
ԡĸװŵߣٰδİǭZȼüʳԼеʣ㡭ô֣Ľ껷𣿡
ôôʣƫƫͷǰʶ
ûСǭZȼҡҡͷ漴ϵֻʡ
ǰʲôҲûоʵش𣬡ֻ֪֪Ĵڿʼ־ǡ껷塯ˡ
ˡллҡǭZȼ򴽣ɵ˵ˣʵľЩѡȥæɡ
š뿪ǰȴһ£ղŶ³ȥ칫ңѵ㻰˰ɣ
ѵǭZȼνЦˣǵڡͷʼͷϵļ޷ǾǣңұʲôʾһҰˡ
㡭ԥʳڣܹоǭZȼ״̬ԾƫƫǭZȼŵ飬Ҳﲻʲôæ𡣡
ʲôû߲õġǭZȼ̯̯֣ȫȻνһ㶼⣬ʲô飬ܰôأܹļ£ϥҲܹ뵽˰
޷ǾǡͣҵְȻٶˮ¡ⶼ·ˣǭZȼǰֲûҪķʲô飬ͷ仹ܷô˵ˣһҲǰô쵰Ҫְͣˣ͵Լż¡ҡ
ңտǭZȼȼһɻ˵ǻ𡭡һ˵ǡ־
Ҳǲ¯ǭZȼͻȻһЦø߸ߵģôһ죬Ҫѧæ
Ȼһ㶣漴ӦֻҪ㿪ڣһ㡣
˵İҿɵˡǭZȼ΢΢۾ָֻ֮ǰûûεģҾллㆪ
ʲôհڰ֣漴ˣҲҪæȻȥˡ
š
뿪֮ǭZȼͶ뵽֮У֪Ͱ
콥ˡ
ҹĻ
Ҳൽ°ʱ䣬ǭZȼļ۾žôϢӣͿ°ˡ
Ȼͻߣȴ˴˿̵ƽ
ˡ

ǭZȼ۾
Ǽҵȼȼô氡
߽ˣǷ䡣󣬻Է㡣
ôݵһ˲䣬ǭZȼ˫۶Է۾漴ƿߡ
衣оѹ֣ǭZȼŬسһЦ㡣ôˡ
첻ôæ磬ͺһһ°డ˵꣬ԹԵǰҸմֵİ칫أʰһ°ɣൽ°ʱˣǿһؼˡ
ð
˵һҲþûһˡöڣһһȥɣҲܾû¶һˡҸղҲѾ绰ˣɡ
İǭZȼװڴı飬оԼѾҪϰαװˣʲôʱֻҪĻŶܹ̰ڳʺǸ龳ı飬Ǿ̫ˣҶóʱûԹķˣˡ
С𡣡Цúϲ£졣
ԷȴһֱĬעǭZȼ
۾õǭZȼЦ
ҲģоõǭZȼЦ֮ŵƣ
Է롭أʲôʱʼ֮䡭Сȥܿ˴֮ĽЩ˵Ϊûн취⣬Ҳֻͽ˵ĲΣԡǶĬѡ˳Ĭ
˵ĳĬΪıܷۣᡭͿʱ룬롭Ϳӱԣֻʱġ
ǣûĳĬǭZȼʲô
ǭZȼЦݣԽԽ٣ҲԽԽԼ
ǰʱ򡭡ҲԷ۵
ʲôʱء
ˡ
Ǻܶǰһ˵ϲԼ֮ǰպѹ
ԷͻȻʶԭһֱǭZȼĳɳǱȵġ
ĴڣǭZȼȳ
ԣϡŻЩԭӦóڵı顣
ǭZȼЦݣƣ
лҪ˵
¡
е㿨ġ
о⼸дĸоǺܺá
ҵǸ
ܶԲҡ
ϣܹд˳һЩ
һŬдøһЩģҾϹǡ



186 
æ𡣡Է˵, ûдŵɣ
ôᡣǭZȼŴ, ҡҡͷ, ʵҲæò, ʰ׼°š
ð, ȼȼʰʰߴٵʰ, Ҳ¥µˡ
ðǭZȼӦ, ʰһ, ļλҲ칫ҵĳ붼غ, ŸŷǭZȼһߵ˹˾ſڡ
Ѿڳˡ
߰, ϳ˳
ǭZȼϵʱԷסǭZȼվűߵͷ, Է˵, ȼȼ˵쿪˹˾, ȥ, ȼȼȥȡ͵
ҲСͷҪȼȼСĵ㡣
֪ԷЦЦԱߣﻹ
⵹ҲǡҲЦ, ⺢ӰСĻˡҸְ־ȹȥˡ
á
ŷĳԶˣԷסǭZȼͣķȥ
ȻǭZȼֻľګĸԷ㡣
ҵǭZȼĳԺԷ㿴Ŵԭط·̫յǭZȼ˵ɵվŸ費˵ȥ̳𣬿ϳ
มޡǭZȼŻعҵԿ׽
ԷֻǶǭZȼ
ϳ𣿡ǭZȼţеһĶͻȻͣ
߰ɡԷ֣
ǭZȼһ±ƣԷʲô
ҪȥǸ̳ģǭZȼһ߸ԼϵϰȫһѯԷ㡣
ڣ·
š߰ɣǭZȼϵðȫԺ󣬱ţֱĿĵء
ȫ̡ûԷκεĶӡ
Ժͣ˳Էֱ̳ĳС
ΪǽڳеĹϵԽƷҲȽ϶࣬ռҲԴܶࡣ
ȵǭZȼҵʱ򣬲ŷŹﳵﳵѾ˸ָĶ
ۡȣǭZȼĿܵ˾ţҲ̫˰ɣ
û˵ȫǽ͡΢΢һЦ˵Բŵ´Σ軹ܼ¶һء
šǭZȼֻܸŵͷһȥŶӽˡ
衭Է㶼ȥˣί˵ôණıŵô
ûġڰ֣ѵæҲ³óԵĸǲһˡ㿴ȼȼ񳤸ˡҲˣ˺öࡣ
俴ǭZȼݸݸߵıӰ¶
šԷŷȥѰǭZȼӰǰǭZȼˡͷҲѾӾ䳤˼硣
Ҳǡ
衭ûݰءԷյ˵ǶԷ䣬⻰˵ֱ϶ˡ
㰡ĴβǸ˵㳤ˡ˵֡ԷֱۣһⶼûУȫǹͷˡ
ԷεƲƲ죬ڷܾû˭ǡ֡İɣĶ
˵˫ԶŶӸ˵ǭZȼĿڣ֮ǰҿ껷°࣬ǵĹϵ
ԷʶĿһվԶǭZȼûУֻڸ칫ˣļ䡣
Էļ򣬡١ãվһӣͦġ
仰Ժ󣬷ǭZȼķȥŶѾŵǣԺ󣬾Ϳ뿪ˡ
귽һԷֻǳĬ漴ĽŲ
صԺ󣬷㿪ʼڳæԷȻҲԼһڳæ
ǭZȼҲ߽˳Ȼߣӳɾ˵ҪȥæȻԡֻԽԽæɽĸϳ˳ֻܹڿſ
ĵӿţڲŲ֪ӽĿ
ǭZȼֻ񣬿նŵתһһ档
ƺúרĵģ
ǣ˭û˵
żӳĸŮ֮⣬ֻʣµӽĿ
۾ڵϣȴڡ
룬ǴʲôʱʼŮһ𣬴ͬһռ֮£ȴ޻˵
ûкúóԷ
;úܹ֣ȴǾڼһԷ
ҪֻæŹҲҪúϢ
ͱȽˣǸ׶ŮĹġ
ȴԵЩ裬ԭĸŮϵӦø׽һЩġ
˾ûӦչһ⣬ȴؿڣǭZȼ˼Ĺ˾Ŀɵĺܺá
มǭZȼķӦ̫ƽ
ҲţӦθǭZȼнԭ֮һ
ǾǡǭZȼĻشȫûҪչ⽻˼һม֣㹻սˡ
룬ΪףǲӦó׵ĳ飬ǭZȼúõһΣǲǡҲӦýԼĵ׵Ǹʣء
һ죬칫ǭZȼ˵һ䣬˵ҲϲŮӵĻְôشءǳΪάΪѵĸգһʱ֮ѿڶĻΪһģһĻأ
Ҫȷϣȴֲȷϡ
һʳڣóȥˮˮհ
ึˣһ飬ʰְ֡
ţʲôǭZȼ⻰һڣȤŮԸȻĲ١
繫˾ķᣬжⷢ뺯ǡ뺯˭гģǭZȼüͷ֪ȻɸģҪǷֽ־ý˺һЩ׫ˣķ뺯飬֡
֪뺯飬Ǹ֪ͨĲŽдģֻз顣ʵش𣬡·뺯ˣҼǵ²ġ

ʲô⣿ɫ
รûаҾʡǭZȼͻȻһ֮ǰģ¶һƤЦ˵Ϊ緢ֵ˱ȽӣҾʿϣ֮ԲͲٳʲôˡ
ٳʲôӡƺָָӰ칫˾ĸţǵָε¼
ǭZȼôĿԼϰ֣һʱ֮䲻֪Ӧλش𣬵Ӧ˼֮󣬱Ųһ·ȣżЦЦ˵ְأáָǰ߻Ǻأ
һ֡ѡӱܣְ֪֮Ϊ˹˾ãʲôӰ쵽˾԰ɣ
ȻǭZȼ˵ͷһЦű뿪Լķ䡣
š
Щܹƿصġ
ϣܲ͸ǽ
Է֮飬һӡ
˼ѹôأܲܡ˶һӲɣ
ԡ
԰
ô졣
ǭZȼһ˶ڷ
ԽԽϲһ˴һ˭Ҫ
ǣֺܺ£Լһ˴̫ãͻ뵽Щ߰޷⡣
ͷʹ
ǵģ룬汻ӽȥİɫӣһʱ֮䣬˼Զ
˺ܾá
ˡŵ
ˡˡ
СZ
ˡǭZȼϣ룬һߵűߣŰϡ
Ȼ¶Цݣš
лҪ˵
¡
һ£˵һ¡
šҿʱעһ˳⡣
ΪݣһЩ飬˳йϵ

һҾ͵˯
Ҫϰѣѡ
ҲҪ˯
Һ̨пĵСʹ
ҪϢѽ


187 
ôһ˴ڷԷЦ˵
ûʲô, е, Ϣһ¡ǭZȼ䴽, ϹŵЦ, һ˿ûС
𡣡Է㿴ǭZȼ۾¶, ԾḧǭZȼգ, ˺öࡣ
ɫûǰ, ЦӡҲյļɵ, ˼ǿ
ǲ̫æˣûôúóԷԷǭZȼ, ָЩ, ǭZȼȵģȻһֱͷ, æ
ûǭZȼҡҡͷԸЩ, ˵Ҳû˼, ô, ûôʲô°
Է㶣漴˵ร÷, Ҹղûڿ㣬ְ־˵طˣ㡣
šǭZȼ˵ͷϵЦݽʧһ䣬߰ɣȥԷɣöҲˡ
Էǰֱֱ߹ûʲôֻԹԵ¥ȥ
Է㿴뿪ıӰ˼ָӣ˵ʲôֻǡǭZȼûԴ
֡䣬ƿĸоúѹ
СԵ㡣䲻ͣظŮвˣ֪ڼʣٳһ˵һӵĲ˶³ģøһӰȼȼҲǣˣһ㲹
㰡Ҳ̫˰ɡһ߳һ˵ŮСˣԷ¶Ƕ֪ġҲæˣԼԼ԰ɣнŵģԼв˵ġ
԰裬㲻øвˣԼˡǭZȼæһѶԼ룬еĲ˶ѳɽˡ
θڲ̫ãǷ³ֻӦһ½Ͱɣڷ仹ôĲˡҲ˵ԲԵ⣬ѹͳԲ°
аɣղŸеĲˣɶóꡣ
šҡǭZȼ¶ɫҲֻӲͷƤ˵Ҿ
ǲǸȼȼĹ̫ˣڶݵֻʣͷˡ俴ǭZȼԽԽݵΣ̲סԹ
һûʲô仯ֻίȼȼֵĹɵͦõġһ֮һЩָأԺֹ˾顣
Ȳ̲סǭZȼԵ㣬ǭZȼ°Ͷˣ۵ýǲһĹƽûעⰴʱԷ
ǭZȼúΣѻɽĲˣ̲ס˵ںúóԷֻǡšһԷ㣬Ҹҽһأ
Ϲ˵ʲôʰһǭZȼһ˵ŮӼʶΪĽкӣѵǼȼȼҲˣ
˻һԷʶı㿴ǭZȼ
һǭZȼߡ
ԷעӣǭZȼһ㶣漴Ʋߣϵ̫ˡһְءһӾҽ㡣һĿһһӣǿɶѽ
˵ʲô㡣񲻽ЦЦתһ룬˵Ҫʮˣ͡Ҳ̸ˡְֺͲһء
ְһҽ˵ʱôǭZȼֻ㳶⣬ɱøĸתƵˣǿɲóš
Ļ¿ӣװӣʵǼֽ¶ĵ뷨ȿȡְֻǿԽġ
㽲ҿˡ˳תƻɹ
ǣ뷽ᰮУǭZȼһʳζ͡
ȻְֵĹ½ˣҲԵòˣǭZȼԼĶӣװԵúܹӣĸ״³ջǸǰһã
𡣡ǭZȼһۣǵЦȴôҲֹס
ȻطԱ㣬ϴҲ˯ˡ
ǭZȼôһ仰¥
ԷҲ˵ҲԱˡˡǭZȼ¥
ҲԵòˡ꣬ϴˣװġ
һ±ƣ˵ôﶼûпӶأԭ䶼źˡ
صǭZȼڽ뵽Լһ̣ԭϹŵЦݣ˲ʧˡ
ߵԡңͷſϴϣˡ
Ĳ˺ܺóԣϲǡҲģԲȥ
֪ʲôʱ𣬳Էԣʼһ㣬ʳζǣԺ֮УزһͷΪΪ˻ȥҪбҪĽʳĻŲѳԷ֮Ҫе
θʲôڷӿš
һܵĸоʳϣ
Ż
ˡ
оࡣ
ǭZȼˮͷǱˮԼͷ
ʱһһĹȥ
ˮԾɴͷӿ˳ͷϴڡ
֪Լάƶãķʽȴܹܵĸо
ʲôԷ㲻֪ʱ߽ķ䣬Ҳ֪ʱ
ǭZȼѹվֱ壬תԷ㣬ͷѾˮʪ˿̱ˮ˳ķļϣڹ⻬ĵذϡ
ҲԷϡ
ô̹ǡ
ۡ
ԷԡҵùëǭZȼͷԼʱԼζǭZȼ·ܹŵζʲôҲ˵ֻľګصͷԷڲ
һԲ֮գҲĬ㣬ɼˣԷΪǭZȼͷȣȴǱżᡣ
Ūʹ
ҲѡַʽйԼ
С㡭ǭZȼŤŤ˵
ûзӦ
ԷֻԹԵأǭZȼͷȵòԺ󣬱ó紵磬ͷ
˿һͷԷֻרעΪͷ飬ȫ̲ȥǭZȼһۡ
ֱȷѾǭZȼͷԷ΢һǭZȼԡңߡ
ǭZȼſϷһкõˮ
šԷˮԼԣŻİɡ
ţóԣǭZȼһˮԼһ飬ƺҪһ´˿̽ƵգҲҪװɵûղŵĲŪȥ
ȻõˮûüȥŻµĸоӿȫܵԡȥſϴϣˡ
ŻŻ
˸ղŵˮԵģһ˳
ô¡Էûм㲵ǭZȼ𡣡ıϣḧıϣܹܹоһЩ
ûû¡ǭZȼڰ֣ȴǵͷڴźţԺĸоһ㶼ûмᡣ
ҷȥһ¡
š
Է˵ЩΪǭZȼ̧ͷһ̣ǭZȼնǲ԰׵ġ
õ𡣡Է㲻ҵǭZȼһ£ͣḧıϣܹùһЩ
šǭZȼڴڵĺţཥؿʼָٶȣƽ
Է㵣ǵ˫ۣǭZȼһЦݣֻǡʱ̫ˣθ̫
ôôڷܣԷҲɵֻҲҴǭZȼθҩ㣬Ҽǵڡ֪ǭZȼҩģ룭˳룬ҳθҩ
ȻŸո룬ͱǭZȼֹסˣ׼ȷ˵ǣǭZȼְֱѣ룭ȥˡҩʲôģҲ̫
ţԷһۡ
ڡֻȵˮȵˮůůθͺˡ
Ǻãȥ㵹ˮ˵ţߵһߣһˮݸ
ǭZȼùӣ͵ذˮ࣬һһˮ
ȰǺˡ
ûû¡ǭZȼˮַϣ漴ڰ֣ʾԼû£öˡ
𣿡ԷŵüͷȻûбƽɫǺܲ԰ס
Ҫ
ԷôǭZȼ۾Լ˵滰ǡԷȴ޷š
ֻһʱ̫֮ˣθŪġǭZȼסԷ֣ʮָཻ裬Ȼ˷һ⡣
šԷ˵ͷŵģʼûз¡
ղš
ǭZȼķӦΪʲôôء
ʲô
С⣿
лҪ˵
¡
ȥ


188 
ҹ
ʰ, Żص, ϴ˸ڴϡ
ֱױ̨ǰͿĨƷķ, רע, Ŀ͡
žӳע⵽۷ֱ, 뻽һʲô, ô, ۾÷ֱˡ
ع, ͸ע⵽̽ѰĿ⣬漴β, , ôôˣǸʱһء
˵ʲô㡣ֵ, Ϸ˻˵ֻҲӺ
ⲻǿô
˰㡣ͿĨ껤Ʒ, ߵߡ
Ҳ˴ͷ, ¿ڴϡ
ƿ, ߣĻ£
ſֱۣ§סû˵, Ĭϡ
òỹΪ֮ǰȼȼɣżЦ˵Ůһиҹ𰡣ѵڻӹȥˣ
ûСֻҡҡͷ
Ϊʲô΢΢̧ͷ񣬡ղôܲǹ˾ɣ㲻˵Ӳѹ´ؼҵģţ
ǹ˾飬ֲֻǹ˾顣֪Ӧ俪ڣ񡭡޷׿Ļ⡣
ô˵ҲʼˣЩвζ·ڸ˵֪ôɣ

˾ЩţӦ֪
ǰ֪Ȼô־ƽҲῴֽðְݣпΪ漰Լҹ˾⣬Ҳо
롭
ţ
ί˵ǵŮҲϲŮӵĻôء
ʲôô죿䶼Ϊˡ
ǡô飬ǵŮϲŮӵĻ֪̬ȣΪŮ衣
ʲô˼һ飬Ļüͷ
ûаȱ𼤶̲סԼһ亹·йӦҾһʣⲻǼô٣裭磭أһˡ
ʲôʲôüû˵Ȼǲͬˡ
ޡͷþȣַ֮С
ȵȣʲô̬ȡ˫ֽǰһ񣬡С㻹ȼȼҶһ·˵ҹܲţҵŮҲӲ
ǡεЦЦǳϵĵͷŴ˵ǡҵĿࡣ
ˣ˯ɡͻȻ͵˹ȵס
µʱľһᵽɤ۶Է飬ء
šʾͬ⣬漴˵ƣŷ
ǣ˭û˯š
Ƿ˴˱ŶԷںڰ֮Уһ˫۾֪Щʲô
һҹߡ
ֱڶϰ࣬仹Щ㱣޷оͶ뵽֮С
úֲ֣̫࣬Ե޹ʸЩ飬Ϊűижʲô
뵽;һ
ˡ
üͷ̧ۿ߽ˣüԱƽһЩԷ㰡ʲô顣粻ôջ
šԷһƽ߽ȴһɽļơ
ôˣһԼƽģл˵
ǡԷӣڷǰЩء
ҲԷɢŸȫȻͬգýԼŮҪ˵飬ض򵥡
衭м飬ҿ˺ܾá˾Է˫ʮָཻϣĴָ֮以ĦţŸ٣Ϣһʱ䡣
٣Щ죬Էģȫû뵽飬ʲôˣ
ûСֻǡڸ״̬ϵĿҾáҸ״̬Ǻܺãά״̬ĻǶԹĲҲͬºҪ鷳Է˵úίϣ䲻ȻҲֻϣѣԣҾáŸٻȽϺá
ҡôˣҵļһֱһΡÿԳϢһ¡
״̬ǺܺãԷ˵ģɣ׾ͻᣬָĹ״̬ΪʲôܵӰ죬Բš
裬ֻҪżٶѣҪúõϢһӡԷ׷˼̫Ȼôģô˳˼˵ˣϣܹ׼ҷŸ٣ҲܹһЩʱ䣬ҺúõĴԼ顣
עԷ۾óʱû˵ȷԷ˼ǲǵĻҪʱԼ侲Ҳδɡ
áҪʱԼϢܹ⡣˼ǹ󣬷׼٣ϣԺָܹȥõľòͶ뵽֮С
˼ʵ̫ԣԷ򴽣ҲϣȻļ٣ôôԼҪżˡ
ţ㲻ʧġ΢΢һЦȥץסԼŮ֣ֱ
šȻҲȷС÷˼
Ǽǩ˼ݸԷ㣬һȥǱ߽һ£ʱ򣬾ȥ١
õġԷӹĶðҾȳȥˡ
ȥ֮󣬾뿪ô
šȥɢɢġ
ãȥɡ
Էȥµݽ˼깤Ժ󣬾ֿտյ뿪ˡ
뿪һ̣ûоôɹ
ô꣬ڼϵĶ̫ˡĸڴԸĸΣ׵ƫ˵۹⣬̫̫ˡ
ڡЩһƽһˡ
ƽһˣǭZȼ
ƽʱƽء
ЩǭZȼĸоԲƣ˽ĶԼƫš
죬ڣ뿪
Ȼֻʱ뿪һʱ䣬Ҳûйϵ
ûдҲûб֪ҪȥҲ֪ӦЩʲô
ԷͳֻͨǸĵĺ롣
ιǭZȼһöżƣӵ绰ͷ
Էڶæ𡣡
šڴԷ㷭ļԾ̾һôпմңˣ
šԷѵûŤķϣ𣬼̾͸˿϶Ĵ𰸣ͻȻ㡣
һͻ۵黰õ绰ͷǭZȼԸв죬ȵ°ؼңͿԼˡ
Ҫôð֪ΪΣǭZȼĻشͱ΢
Ϊʲô棬Ҫȵ°Ժء
صңôأ
ڸĸ˫۾ġ֮¡ֻԱġùϵദû˽˿ռ䡣
Բ𡣡ǭZȼܱǸ˵ȻҰѹһϣԺ°࣬ȥ㣬𣿡
ûϵԷ̲סһᣬ·ܹ˿̵绰ͷǭZȼϵıƵģѹĸоʱӿȫæľͺˡߡ
Է˶٣ֽ˵ҲЩ飬Ҫץʱ䴦һ¡æԺҲҪ°ˡǾͻؼҼɡ
ĻشҲǭZȼ֮Уֻ֮Уֻǡ̻䵭ʧ䣬Ǻðɡ
ҪԷŬʹԼһЩҪǭZȼΪѹˣ°ؼˣǣ𣿡
ֲСӡǭZȼ̲סƲƲ졣
֪ԸԴӲܳԵǡ
ʲô˼
ؼҾ֪ˡ
ϲ𣿡
˵ǵĻеڴ𡣡ԷЦˡ
ᡣ
Ǿǡ
ã°õԷĿ϶شǭZȼů⣬ڴ
šԷ㲻ԼƵ̫ˣ緹𡣡
šǭZȼشЩֻһ㣬ûʲôθˡ
һ㡭Ӳųȥġ
ƺǲǭZȼŵһ˿ǿԷ㵹Ҳûٸʵףѡ˳⣬ǻؼҼ
š
š


绰ֻʣ³ĬԼĶԷĺǡ˭ûйҶϵ绰
ǭZȼΪͨ绰ҪΪþʱ绰ͷģԷ
СZ
ţ
Ұ㰡
лҪ˵

һ¾ǣŸ
ΪҪ࣬°ͺˣֱӸ¡
ʵе֪ҿСǾ䡰Ұ㰡ʲôܡ
ΪһһЩϵӽǡûа취ϸ˵
˵ǣСǾ䡰Ұ㰡ܸӡ
֪ҿ仰ʲôܣ


189 
ȼСȼܼ࡭

ǭZȼ
һŭ, ۴͵ǭZȼع, ʲô¡
ʲô, 㻹˼Ұüͷ, һԲ˵ӣ̸Ү, ڷʲôѾǽˡ
Բ, ĲɡǭZȼǸ˵, ˼ѧ, ˵һ飬Ҳˡ
տǭZȼ̲ס̾һ, Ѿ, ǭZȼĳ˵㡭ûôɴϢһ°, ҵһٽһ飬Ъɡ
ûϵ, , ˵ɡұ֤ٷˡǭZȼڰ, ʾ£˳һϣܹо
ӦվӣԼڵӡյüͷøˣɫ, ȦҲءǲǡʩѹˣǡʩѹˣһֱ״̬ã
ûСǭZȼҡҡͷְûбС㣬ҲûбңԼûôϢá
Ҳ֪ô£ÿڴϣ۾Ҳ˯ţʮڴϣ㻹Ǿߡ
ɫ̫áóֽݸǭZȼһð亹ɡ
ллǭZȼӹֽҵĲһϵϸֽһţߥʹĲð亹
緹ôǶðɡԽԽòԾоǭZȼڵ״ܵǡ
һ㡣ǭZȼǿһЦθڲǺܺáˣ㽲ɣһġ
û£ʵȽϹǭZȼ壬ļϸͨãǩ־ҪȥʱȽϽ
û
ȵȵȡһǭZȼǰߵ绰ͨĺ룬Ǹգ˼鷳㵹һˮ
õġ߹ʡ
ûһСŲ豭߽ˮ
лл
սݸǭZȼȵˮɣɫ̫ˣʲô°
˵ģĶôذûôúóԷ˯߲̫ôǭZȼЦ˵ÿһͺˡ
εҡҡͷǷǭZȼˣ˻ЦҪ˵ô׾ͺˡ
ͱˣɣǭZȼģ΢΢װһӡ
òֿʼ¸̸ļݡ
ץʱ䣬һ̸֮ǽˣϣˣǩˣǩ֣ļͿԽȥˡ
СǭZȼļдԼ֡
ǺãҾˡԼĶ뿪ߵһʲôƵģתǭZȼ˵״Ҳû˰ɣ°ţҽ쿪ؼҺˡ
鷳ˡǭZȼܾ㻹Ҫȥ°࣬Сգȥѧɣһؼ̫ʱˣ˵ˡҲԴ㡣
˵ʲô㡣̲סǭZȼһۣҸķ̴绰ȥ°ͺãҲ˵ģġǵ°ҰǭZȼ״̬ʵŲġ
ǡðɣл˰ǭZȼһϲǼ˸Ƶģи˾ؼҡ
һʲô˰仰ձͷҲص뿪ˡ
ڸ뿪ԺǭZȼϵЦݲŽʧ򿪰칫ģ룬óһɫСӣһɫҩƬŸղŵýѾһصˮȥ
һֱȫƲסԼ˼롭һעͻ̲ס
ʱԷǸ绰˺ܾãܾá
Էһ䡰Ұ㰡Ų
ΪʲôǾ仰أ˸еһ˿ĸо
ͨ绰ͳǾ䡰Ұ㰡ΪֹǭZȼĬŹҵ˵绰
ܺ£Ǿ䡰Ұ㰡棬һ䡰ǡ
ǭZȼ£Է֣뿪֮Ļһ֡ϣġ
˵޷ټ̸ȥѡжǸ绰˵ǡӱһԷҲܾĿܡ
Ұ㰡ڿһ˵İ칫ǭZȼѧԷ˵һ仰
ҪԷĽǶȺ仰ȴʼҲʲôͷûʲôͬ
ΪΡԷʱоѹء
ô
뵽ǭZȼ̾һԴըˣʵ벻
磭Ͷ뵽֮ȥˡ
ȵ°ʱ䣬İ칫һ°࣬߰ɡ
ۡǭZȼһʱ䣬ӣ׼ʱѲųԿ˰
㻹ҿЦ㡣ټƶ죬ˣʰһ°ɡʰ˲Ҳʱ°ˡ
ϣˡ
ǭZȼʰһ£˸յĳ
ڳڶܳĬǭZȼĻȽ϶࣬쵹ǳİϳԺ˫۾͸ֱֱǰҲ֪Щʲô
ǲ岻̫ͻأĿʵ
аǭZȼˣ㿴ӣôҪҩ
ǡճŵȺ̵ƵʱƳǭZȼһۣ֮Եʲô
ǭZȼֻһ£Ǹô֪ء
㲻òˣ칫ҵĴûߵʱ͸ˣаʲô԰ɡֲֻ̫õԤС
ǭZȼĲƽ磬ҲӦûѰ칫ҵĴģ졭û鶼ûע⵽ɼ״̬Ĳ̫ã˶ǻ㱵ġ
ǭZȼĬţû˵ֳֻͷһֱڳľɫϡ
ǭZȼûзӦմżŭ˵һҪ˵֪֪岻һҪȥҽ
ȥˡǭZȼ˵漴ͷϸյߣϻЦݣһ˿ûУûµֻһЩҩˡ˯߲̫ҽң˵ҳ֮ʲôģ˯ߵġ
ģֱ̫ǭZȼĻ
ѧĺ܆ҮˡǭZȼ˵Ժ󣬻Ÿ˸
ǵ㣬Ϊ֪֪üҡҡͷǭZȼûа취
֪憪£ƽôµһҪ˰ɡǭZȼûûεЦţЦ۽Ƕˡ
ֻûްҡҡͷ漴һֽݸ
ǭZȼ˹ͷƲһߣزȥ۽ǵᡣ
ڣָֻ˸ղŵĳĬ
ûһ㵽Ǽҡ
Ǽſͣ˳ǭZȼû³㿴˴Ӽ߳Է㡣
ǭZȼ³ӭߵԼǰԷЩ죬Ȼô;ͻؼˣôô簡
ˡ
١Ϊʲô
աԷ㳯ŸյͷǴк
Сȼ졭տһǭZȼ˵ıȽԲ첻̫̫㿪Ҿˡ³ԷͣԷᡣ
տ֪ģʵԷǸ׾ҲС
ллؼҡԷͷڸյĽ˿⣬ûгԴʲôġ
ǡȻѾȫͻؼңҾˡ˵űϳʱԵмԥ˵㡭úչСȼɡ
һġԷŴգ΢΢
šҲٶԣ˳Ժ󣬱뿪ˡ
㻹ûиңΪʲô١ǭZȼԷ壬ԼĿ岻ؼϢ
һҪ飬ҪԾˡ
ǭZȼôĿԷһͣǰѹĵ˵ڵĻҪ֪ġȻ෴
ԷǭZȼ㡭ңʲô𣿡
ޡǭZȼſڣƺ˳һЩǡʲô鰡
졭ڵ绰Ҳ˵ΪҺ㰡Է΢΢һЦϣһ°࣬صҾܹңԺ󡭡ÿ죬ˡ
лҪ˵
˼
ʵʹµġ
Ȼҳһ΢İ
ȥͨϷˡϰ˵˯ѾˣԾ͡ڲŸ
ҲҰһǸϷ缱
棬ǹٺgalgameѾguo-shenˡ
ޣãǲ£ǣҲģңѣ
Ŀǰûᣬе߻ͨأȤİȿȥһѡ
ҳУкаɡ
һ£ʲôᡣ
ҸϷûǣΪԼˢ΢ʱ򿴵˵İ
ȻԼײԺ󣬵ȷòҰġ
ϷĿǰҲշѣԴҿԷ档
΢תǸϷģȤȥһɡȿһһ£
һ¸ϡ
һɵİ
˵ҵ˯ࡣ
໣ڶѾˡ



190 
Ժ󡭡ÿ죿ǭZȼظһ, 仰Ĵ, ȴ޷˼, ʲô˼ڡҲÿ𡣡
ԷֻǳĬŲ˵, ǭZȼ۾һ, ̫
ǭZȼĸӣֻüͷ, ¶ԥɫ, һ, 촽ҿԡһ𡣡
, ʰɡԷָƽü, ֮䣬ۡ
ʲôʱϵЦݶ, ȡ֮ģüôҲƽ塣
ҲѧԼĵ, ˵ΥĵĻ, Լ뷨ʱҪ˼ǰ, ǰһ޹˼ɡ
Ϊʲô

ǣʲôʱء
Ϊ
ҵӱܣҵܣ֮и̫ѹûаȫ, ̫Ĳȷ
ҵ绰֮ǰǭZȼǶԷǾ䡰Ұ㰡˵Ǿ仰ʲô˼
ʲôԷսǭZȼǰ𴽽ǣһƵעǭZȼ֪Ϊʲôȴƫƫֱӵĸ
ǡǭZȼͻȻŤŤŤӱԷ㿴ֶ˼ֿɰ
ǡʲô
Ұ㰡ǭZȼһᣬ˵˿ڡ
ţҲǰԷͷ漴ḧǭZȼա
ģˡ
ϼûʲôˣʱһĸоûУԷԼǭZȼϵֻ֣ѵۣҲ

Ҳ˼ǭZȼ̲ס˸ۣȫûϵҲбԷ·һ죬һ»·
ţԷüƺڶǭZȼ˵˼ĸ˼ѵ㲻ң
ҲǡҲ˼ǡǭZȼ֧֧ģо˵ˣûԷͣѽҲ֪ô˵ˣ֮ǹģҵ˼
ûаԷװر޹͵۾˵ϹЦЦǸʱ˵ģġǡͻȻ֮䣬㣬顣
һ̣ŵ绰ǳǳĪ뽫Ǿ仰˵ֻҪҪ㽫ҵ飬ӡ
ǭZȼһ㶡
Էôˡ
׽͸
ôվڼſأﲻȥһ˫ɫ߸Ь³ߵǭZȼԷǰûü˵
㴫һ
٣컹ɰһ˶ڼſڸˡ򿪳ԴЦ˵
ˣȻؼȥɣʲôҲȱͣŻؼ˵ǭZȼԷ㣬֪˻Ϊվſڸء
šǭZȼԷһۣѾתƵϣʼ佻̸ˡ
ǭZȼЩʧ䣬ҪʳڵĻվûеõ𰸡
ܾáԷڷƵġ
֣߽˼ţڼһֱͷ
Ȼʧ֮еʱ򣬱˳˳½ǣ̧ͷߵˣöԷ˫ۣԼգգ۾Ƥӿ˵ǷǳɰˣţͶ뵽Ľ̸֮С
ǭZȼ롭ղšԷľٶǡڰο˼ô
ԾҡҡͷصԺ󣬱صԼķ䣬Էڿŷ˵
ǭZȼٳֵʱѾʱˡ
ʵֻǡԵĻһᱻ߶ģԡֻӣҲóڷϣϼڣҲǵӣóԱٲԼ
ڿʼԷ֮ǰм˵һ¡ȵһȫ֮Է㿪˿ڣ֣֮⡣
ôˣôࣿЦ˵ƽɴӲ⸱ģҪʲô鰡
졭ˣϣܹһϢһ£Ҳ׼ˡ
ǭZȼ䣬֮䷽˵ͷû¶ɫʮ
Ȼ󡭡Ҫ˵ǣҴȥס
ǭZȼͣǳȡ
ԡԷڵ绰˵Ҫ
úõģҪȥأ
ǰԷ⻰һҲˣԷҲȥסڼסĲôͻȻ˵Ҫȥס
Էڰ֣裬ǱᡣڼסĺܿİֻǡҪһЩԼ˽˿ռ䣬μڣһԼһĸоǸסһ𣬷Ҳһ֡ԼûĸоƵġ
ûû£ҪԸ⣬ڼסһӶûϵְֲ㡣Եò̫˵ӣԲϣŮ뿪һ㽫ˣֻҪԸ⣬ְ־ͰǼҸڵķҲסڸڣû¾ܻؼҿ
֡ԷǳΣôĺܸмҲܸˣֻǡбҪȥɣҶʮˣͲСˣҲòҰչ˺Լġ
УҲͬ⡣Է㣬˵ıȫдϡ
šǣѾҺ˷ӣҲǩúͬˡҲѾȫȥˣϡסȥԷ˶٣¶Цݣֺð˵˵ˣֻǰȥסѰֲǴӴԺͲˣһǻʱ軹ȼȼһԷİֻǲסڼģǲʲôı䰡
㶼Ѿնˣְ˵ʲôû˵
⻰һۣôŮ˵ѵ㻹ҪŮȥ
ѵ͸˱Ƶģһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
С㣬Ҳǵģô飬ôܲǰءתԷ˵ѷҺˣͬҲǩˣѾȥٸǣûҸְֵĸܡ
Բ衣Էץŷ֣˵Ҿ֪һᷴԲİҶʮˣѵȨûôԷԽ˵Խί
û취εҡҡͷЭˣŮС͹һûˣϾԼŮҪԼ˽˿ռ䣬һԼסĸоȥɡ軰˵ðֻ㡮סķӡļɲˡ
ԣ˵û͵ղ˵ĻְֿɶˣҪǵþְһԷ
ԷڴӦõͷӦ֮һǭZȼգգ۾ȫȻһıóѵӡ
ǭZȼûӦʲô飬ڸղŵľ֮С
Էʲôʱġ
ôͻȻ˵Ҫȥ
֮ǰ˵Ҫæʵָİ
Ҫסȥ
˵ÿ춼Ҫ
ǻô棿
һٷǭZȼԼ֮йȥ
ȳ극Ժټû̻Լķ䣬ǸڿȻǼһԲȴԷߣ븸ĸ֮Ľ̸
żԼֱҲӦ䡣
̸ֱԷ˷䡣
ߵԷķſڣȴԷ㷿䡭ǻûʲôı仯ƺߵĶ࣬ԷƷĳ軹֮ǰ޶¡
ôˣлҰɡԷƺµǭZȼĿģĵĹ˷ţŽǭZȼԼĴ¡
ôͻȻȥŲţԷȥԭֻǸĸ˵ôء
ղųԷʱ򣬲Ѿ˵𡣡ԷԴüżֵƤҪԼ˽˿ռ䰡
ģ
Ȼġ

Ұȥס㲻ˣ
㲻ǽŸ˵ϣÿһ°࣬صҾܹڡȥˣǡǭZȼ֮ʧ䡣
ɵϡ
Էε촽ǭZȼ۾ϧ֣§סǭZȼĲĶͷԼĶͷıǼⴥԼıǼ⡣
˴˵ľ룬ܹŵԷĺ
ҰȥˣҲŻи˽˿ռ䰡Է㽫Լ뷨͸ǭZȼǲܹõһ𰡡㲻𣿡
˼˵ǭZȼ˸һ¡
һ˲˸Է˴ΪԼǡ
ţҵɵСZ
𡣡Ǹ
Է㡭ҲԼ׽ԡѡַʽ
ʲôʱƭ㣿Էȴٶԣֻ˫§סǭZȼ
ԭֻһС£ܹ¶Ц
ǭZȼĵطԷۿԼĺҪǭZȼı仯
ϣܹˣǭZȼȫС
룬ְ
лҪ˵
¡
˯
Ҫѣ


191 
ô, ʲôôء, ַϷļ, , ΪƣͣѵΪղŮ˵Ҫȥס鲻˰
ֻǳĬû˵, Ҳ֪ǻûعΪ˵, 
ȻҲϣŮȥ, ղŸﲻһ𷴶, Ůͬȥ˵, ̾һ, һ˿ԹͰԹһôˣŮͻȻ˵Ҫȥ, ǡ᲻ðŮôԣôɰ, ͻȻͰȥס, Ժ󶼿ˡ
̾
÷ķҡ
ˡ̲סһ, ʱˣʲôƢأŮ˵ҪȥΪܺܰ
ǺӡСͻȻúᣬڻЩʲôƵģȻʮ»̥, Ҳһô꣬ʮ꣬ǧҹǶͬһҪ᲻ãܱöء
ﻹͬأʱһ𷴶ѽüͣԼĶ壬۾˵ҪȥС㣬˵ȥˣ˵˵ģҸˣҲ᲻һ˳ȥס
ΪСҼءʱˣʲô磭ӣءǿЦãûŮղ˵Ҫ˽˿ռ䣬Ҫһסĸо˵ˣʮˣʱ뿪ԼˡŮҪɡ
ɡһƽҲûǿʲôѽҲûиɺ˽˿ռѽ
ӴˣһסҲܲ˰Ҳⲻ̾һŸ̾һ˵ˣͬǩˣҲ֪Ǻӵģ磭񣭰ôԵն࣬Ϊ֤ľô֪ģСǣһľ˵飬Ͳ׸ıˡ
⵹Ҳǡεĵ˵ͷҲ֪Էʲôӣ磭񣭵ˣֱȥˣǲıġ
ȴͻȻֱóĬ
һľ˵飬Ͳ׸ıˡ
Ǵ˵Ļ˵ԺԼȵˡ
ǰ֪Էģ磭
ô
ԷϲŮӡ׵ĸı䣭磭
νġϣԼ˽˿ռ䣬ԼͻȻ֮ҪԼŸϢ
Щô
ǡֻΪĽء
ֻǽڵĻôԷ뿪ûô˰ɡ
Ǻӡ
ššţһ
ţʲôعôҸ
ôֲ˵ˡС¶أȻҲãǼȻѾӦԷˣҲûа취ˣˣԼ˵ģӴˣҲܲˣȻҪԼĿռ䣬ȥͰȥɣֻҪǵʱؼҿͺá
ȻԼҲ᲻ãҲοԼš
šͷüȴɢȥǳϣˡ
ǰϣȥֻҪԼһǡڶ塣
иĿҪһʱ䣬ŮȥסҲ̫ѹһҡͷһ̾
ȥĶ
ӦȥаɣҪȥǱ̸Ŀ˳μһ̻ᡣ
ʲôʱ򰡣
Ӧþɣʱ仹ûʵĽ
š˵ͷʾף漴˵˵Ҳൽʱȥһˡˡ
ء֪ģֹȥһء§סԼţҳһȥɡ
ˡ쵽ˣҪ¶ϻ鷳ÿ궼ȥйæҪȱϯһ꣬Ҳû¶ġ䰲ο
ðɡȻӦˣɻţʱҸϵüĻһȥɡ
á
޾ô໥һ
ˡ漴Է⴫ְ裬ңС㣬ܽ𡣡
ԡ
Է򿪷ţ˽ǭZȼ
ôЦ˵ôǣְ߰ıעⲻȥ𣿡
Է㲻˼˵ԼҰְĲãϧǡҪʧˣ˵һǱߣЩûдȥҴڰʣµùȥֱסˡ
ôüȥô
šԷ¶ر޹ı飬Ϊ٣Ǳ߷Ҳûüʰȥһ¡
һˣҲüڴϵģԷôŰסȥԽɣԷҪһסȥĿˡ
˾ǡһ˻ɣͻῪʼìܵﰡ
ȻǰԷЦҡҡͷվԼԵǭZȼһ죬ȼȼһȥ˵Ҫһʰ
ԷͷǭZȼߣ˵껰Ժ󣬳Ƥգգ۾԰ɣ
šǭZȼԷ˼ŵͷͷ˵԰ڸŽһȥʰһ£һʰ۰ҸŹȥҲð
ǭZȼҲԷ˵һĲ԰һ㣬˲ͬˣǺãȥɣúʰһ£һʰʲôģҲͦ鷳ġ
ţ
˾ȥɡ񿪿ڵС㻹Ҫȥ˾͵ȥ
áõĸ׿ϵԷ㣬һ裬ʰˣͻؼǳԷҪ̫ม
һҪչ˺Լ֪ôԷǰ͵ſڣһԷ跢˵ĻͲһסˡ
֪衣Է¶Цݣ֪Żֽšķʽв
ֱס䣬˵ţлл㣬衣
ĺܸмʮչˡ
񡭡Ҫ뿪ңͻȻ֮䡭Щ᲻á
ôҲס˶ʮ꣬ôܹһ鶼ûе뿪ôء
ɵӣ˵ʲôءԷͻɿĻ÷˲̲סۿͻȻ֮䣬⺢ӾҪȥһˣ᲻ð
Ҳֻ§סԷ㣬Լۿı˻ȥżɣοԷ˵ֲǲˡ㲻˵ˣ᳣ؼҺְֳԷô
ţ
ְ֡ԷתҲӵһ
ʲôû˵ΪףЩ̫ɿĻʵû׵˵ڣֻýŮе۰һӵظ˸Ůͷˡ
С㣬źˡ˾ԷõŽ󣬱ߵԹ˵
ˣȥɡſɵĴŮ·עⰲȫһסҪСģ֪ʲôˣʱ
š
úʰ֪ôתǭZȼ
֪Ƿİ¶ʲôʱǵĹ˵ġǭZȼװNɪ˵
ܡ̲סǭZȼЦˡ
ǰ裬ҽȥ˹漴ǭZȼԷһ˳㳯ų˻֡
ţ㿪Զˡ
ͷӰڳڵĺӾбԽԽСֱҲ
Էвᣬɸģǡİɡ
Ϊܹ뿪ҶежˣȷΪԼܹӵһµռ䣬еɡ
ܹõչ˺ǭZȼ
ƫͷǭZȼĲԼһҪչЦݡ
ţԷߣǭZȼƺ΢΢գߣôˣðְֺ˰ɣ
Ŵ΢·ƹߣôһ˲䣬ǭZȼ񿴵Է⣬ΪΪ뿪ĸЩ˸С
Է΢΢ҡҡͷ漴һš
ҲʱȥġǭZȼżãΪû뵽Է㾹ȻѡȥסԵʣе⣬Ҳþϲ㲻úһˡ
ҲһˡԷںڰ֮ҵǭZȼ֣ǰ˾ӽԼУסʮָۣԣСZҪ¡
ţǭZȼüԷ˼شĻȴ͸©һ˿벻ȷҡûк°
ԷȴֻЦЦٶԡ
ȡ֮ģǱ˴֮俿ĸľ롣
пԣ
ԭΪҺ˵Ŀ֮׽ЩĿ⣬ǲ⣬Ǽֹҿ
ԭΪЩеǣҲֻһమʽˣֻҪǻģ㲻ʽҲûйϵ
ǵͷҲŷԭЩе㣬ͳͳֵһᡣ
лҪ˵

æӵ顣
ҵļְ
Ժú
ϣ˯



192 
˾͵Էס, ŰǰѴ˵һһ¥, һʰɡ
, ¥³ҾˡϾԷ˽Ʒ, ǭZȼ̫Ըҽʰͺˡ
õ, С㡣˾˵ͷ뿪ǰ˵, ʲôҪ, ʱҡ
, ȥɡ
Է㽫ŵһߣһҲæʰ, ȥˮݸǭZȼ, ôЩѾˣԼʰͿˡ
ҪʰǭZȼӹԷݹˮ, һڣȷе˵Ӧֻ, ڿ, Ȼ촽Щ΢΢, ȻˣͰʰˣõʱһæ
ǵһιιһ£ʰôԷЦſ
ҮǭZȼʶ, ûкúõϸԷӸġ
뵽ǭZȼеúõĲιһԷġ¼ҡ
һһƫСһЩҲԵܰҺԡԶԽϴһЩסȽʣСą̃ԿСķòɹҲõĻ˵ܹϦɽľɫ
ҮǭZȼ̲ס䴽ǣ˶ã
ʱǩһĺԼԷ㲻סĸãֻǼƻϲϱ仯ҲһסĿǰʱҪҵһŵĵطˡ
ڽ顭Ҳпǹֻڻûļƻ
ǡǭZȼսеˮ͸еˮ΢΢ĻԼᷢ΢Ĳһ֮󡭡ͻؼס𡣡
ȻԷע⵽˱ǭZȼˮˮţ㲻ɫߵߣ壬Լο˵ֻǡһʱס߶ѣҵ˸õĵطҾͻᵽõĵطȥ
ΪסʵʱľʱЩִ٣֮£ܹҵ䷿ӣҲ˿ɣȻƲ϶ãҲ
˼ǡǭZȼͣ˺һ˵Ժ󡭡ؼȥס𣿡
šҲȫô˵ɡԷ˶٣һҪżؼҿ裬Ȼסǵ԰ɣ˵ԺǭZȼƤգգ۾
ԡǭZȼƺԷ˼漴ûԺ㶼һס𣿡
ţһסԷװرΪѵӣսǭZȼߣòֱԼ˫۵ĵزżص˵ѵ㲻һô
ǭZȼһ˿⣬˵ȻðҵȻԸⰡ
˿Լϲ֮飬ЩڵĸȫͨϵıչֳЩ飬ԷҪġ
㰡ǸСɵϡԷص˵ǭZȼıǼĳ磬ǭZȼ޷ܵĳ
ǡšһҺܺ桭ǭZȼҪѯԷԭ򣬡ôͻȻҪס
ţԭ򣬲Ѿ˵𡣡ԷüҶѾʮˣҪһԼ˽˿ռ䡭Ǻ𡣶ҲһӺͰסһ𰡡
ֻǡΪ𣿡ȻԷԼʶ¾סǺܸܾЩ԰ġ̫ͻȻڴ֮ǰһⷽļûйûиԼⷽ뷨ᶼû
ţѡǡ㻹Ҫʲô𰸣˵Է㿴ǭZȼ˵ϣΪʲôԭأ
ûûСǭZȼҧҧ´񶨵Ҿ˵ˣֻǺϾһ˵ҪֱӰѺһϵ鶼ˣҲš֪ԭ
Է治ɫעǭZȼ˫ۣһԲ˵Ļӡ
ǭZȼ̽Ŀⶢţֻûڣ㿪ʼ⣬ιϣҪʰǭZȼ˵ţߣӴԷ䣬ʼһһ·
Էı仯΢΢һЦԼӣ뵽ЩʲôߵɳҵԼֻһһ߹ĵ˺һŸǭZȼʼһ
ʵԺ֣ԷҲûдֻΪԵʣ˲ˡ١Ĵɡ
okϡǭZȼ궫֣𣬿д󲿷ֶڼӡ
ѾԷĶˣӻԵÿտյģЩġ
ûϵֻһЩƷģȵҪõʱͺԷ㲻İڰ֣ңҽų٣ȱʲôؼҲܷ㡣
ôҪż١ԷҪסǭZȼе⵫ҲȷʵþϲȴֻǾ˵ҪŴ١֮ǰЩᶼûǭZȼʵЩġ
ΪƵ̫Ĺϵ𣿡ݳ٣ǰסһϵе鿴ҪѷġӡȥǭZȼҲֻ뵽ԭˡ
ԷҡҡͷȻǭZȼû˵֪ǭZȼЩʲôʵԴǴԺ󣬷ûôƹңҲûһֱңڹĵطɵ
ģǭZȼ΢΢üͷһҲԷ˵ġ
İԷǳǳػشǭZȼע⵽ǭZȼصı飬üͷʶִü䣬ʲôʱƭˣţ
ðɡǭZȼԵЩִٲ
ͷֽһʶĦ˫֣ԥſ˵ҡҪΪĸ
ԷµͷǭZȼ˵ÿһ仰ڴʹġ
ϣһΣͣ˺ܾãԺ󣬳ĺһѰʲôܹһЩҰοһĿ˵һ𣬲ѹ
ǣһڣǭZȼȴҪԼĳ嶯
ȫ˵˰
Էһ𡭡ôûѹأôûѹءǸܵİ
ֻҪһĻһѹİ
šûеõԷĻӦǭZȼЩ̧ͷȥ۾ȴں׼¿ҪһĳĬԵ֧֧ģҡղš˵Ļ㲻Ҫϡ
һᣬҧҧ̧ͷԷߣҾ͡˵˵ģС㡭Ҫ⡭˵ԺǿһЦ
һξãǭZȼЦӣȿ޻Ҫѿ
ɵϣʲôءԷס޵ĳ嶯һѱסǭZȼôҵĸء
һֱΪһֻҪһ˱Щѹ㹻ˣɼҲ޷ƿʱԡѡ˱۾ȥᣬס俪ʼӱܡ
Ҵûһ𣬻ôѹ
Ҵ֪ڰϣˬʵ΢С
ң͵˳
ҵ㣬Ҹеܡ
šҲ˵Ҹղš˵˵ǭZȼЦ˼㲻ҪЩҾͶģġ
ΪʲôЦݣѹ
ΪʲôĻԵľ
Ųء
ʲôʱ㡭Ϊǰͬ㡣
ҡ
Ϊҡ
šԷ˵ͷȴһԣΪ֪Ũıװûµ
ҾͿЦҪˡ𣿡ǭZȼԷıǰο
Բһˡôѹ
š
С㡭СZ԰ɣ
ԲôûаȫС
š
ǡ
ʵԷ㣬ǭZȼ޴ģŻԷرڻ޲ýԼƵģȻĶߣ˵һЩܹ黰̲סЦſա
ֻڡʡ
Ҫӡ
롭ߡ
ΪƲԼ
Է㣬ƲԼ
ǣҪԷᣬҲΪѡ
롭ҲηǣҪ׽ʱ򣬻˵ģҪ䲻ԸյܾĻ
һֱԷ㣬ֱܾúܾԺ
ǣҲʧģҲʹ
ȻǭZȼҪԷʧ
ԣѡ˻˱λãӴԺ󡭡ĨɱһлᱻԷܾģɣܣ硣
ֻԷȷĸˡԸ⡱ָŻѡ򡭡ԸԶڱλá
ǡܹģΩһܹԷİ취
ʱˡǭZȼҧģſԷ㣬Ц˵Ҿͻȥˣ̫ˡᵣĵġ
ʵͷ仳ɣġΪԷáĸ롣
ǭZȼߵűߡ
ߴһֻСʱŴԷ
վס
ǭZȼס漴ת
Է֣ǭZȼĶ࣬ŵűߣȦסǭZȼ˭˵ؼˡ
ǭZȼһ±ƣղţ𣬡ǣ˾¥°
Ȼȥˡ
ʲôʱ򡭡
ǡ
ԡԷĴǭZȼҪ˵ȥĻյǭZȼǰֱֱĵסıǼ⣬ɡ
ǭZȼתתͼԷ֮УһЩĿܴڵϢֻǡ
ԷεƲƲ죬ǭZȼȻɫͿȾأϲںûǸӵǭZȼء
Է§סǭZȼĲ촽յǭZȼĶߣϹǭZȼĽЦݣżԺ󡭡֡
ǭZȼһЦ
漴һѱԷ㣬ҡ
ҹܳ
лҪ˵
ǡ
ˣ䣬ɪɪ
ҶҪעⱣůѽ
ǰЩûúø£ʣµļ죬Ҷúøա
״̬ã˫״̬Ҳᱣ֤ոÿ±֤
ʵ˵һҡддţԼҲѹˡ
ӦǱβģ̲סд˵ǡ
СȻԵҲܿɰء
Ҳǻ˻ҵܰɡ
ϣȿҲܻ
ȻҸоһûпŰѣ
ǽ
ҵ˯

Ҷ˯עⱣůഩһ㣬Ӵ


193 
Բ𡣡
Ϊʲô
ԷͻĵǸ, ǭZȼı, ԵЩľګ, ͬʱĸеĲ
ҪͻȻҵǸЦ˵, ƺҪƴ˿̽ŵķΧ
ҡԷϱֳЩԥü, ΢΢ͷȥֱǭZȼ˫, ¿˵, Ҳܸһ𡣡
ôôͻȻ˵ǡһܡܡӦ˵һ, ֮ദķΧܺ𣬻Ǳʲô, һ̡ǭZȼĻش, ȻԼе飬ܡΪʲôһ𣿾Ϊҽ𣬻ΪǶŮ, 㿪ʼˣ
ǭZȼյýһЩ̲ס˫ץסԷֱ, ץԷ㶼ʹ
ǡûнЩԷƿǭZȼ, ѿץס˫, ֻǡҺۡ
Ҳ۰ǭZȼۿſǻ˵ǣϲ㣬ĺܰ㰡, С㡣
ȻǶ۵Ļ硭ͷŹ˴˰ɡԷ˵СZ㡭ͻᣬԺ󡭡õˣֵõˣϲϸõˣԺ󡭡
ΪʲôҪ˵Ժ󣿡ǭZȼӲشԷҪ˵ȥĻѵġԺûй𣿡ס˫磬ֱԼ˫ۡ
˵ЩѾûˡԷѾǭZȼ˫ۣûһ˿⡣
ⲻʵ뷨ǭZȼҧϵҲ֪Щ˵ԷڰοԼǰԲԣǰָѹԡͻȻ˵ЩʵҲϲң֮ҵһԸҲǰҵģֻڰѹԲŸô˵ģԲԣ
ǭZȼôģԷһ˿̣СZҡ
Ҳǰҵģ𣿸ңǰҵģ
ҡǰ㡣ǡ
ҪǡǭZȼԷ˵ĻΪ֪Է˵Ļһ䶼ҪֻҪǰҵľͺˡ
ҲᷳġһܹԵġǿسһЦǵĻȴûһ˿֣ȫίȥ׵Ļ㡭ȥɣҲģġôԣҪȥף˷곡ϷҲνģֻҪһͺ˰ģĲģҰ
ԷüøСZûбҪԼôίġ㡭ǲһˣһǻǰ㣬ʼա׽۰ˣ㡭ֻΪҵá
ҲҪҲҪǭZȼŭ˻ţҲҪãѵڽ㲻ҵŮҪô԰ܶѹҶ֪֪࣬ǡҲûеҪֿĵزһᡭþһеķ㣬ҪôôҿԲԭģԡҪ
ҲϣΪôࡣһʼǾͲӦһûпʼҲŪزԷεҡҡͷţ˵Ǿ䣬ԻǭZȼĻСZǡְɡ
ô˵ţԷָ֣һһǭZȼסԼ˫֣漴뿪
ҪǭZȼ޷ԼһҡͷܲˣĽҪҲ޷ĽҪҪ
С㡭Ҫ뿪ҡ㡭Ҫ
СZԲ𡣡ԷֻһǸͷҲص뿪ˣֻǭZȼһӰ
ۿԷҪ뿪ǭZȼֱҪץסȴԷԽԽԶŲʼıŬ׷ԶԷ㣬ȴ֡Է֮ľ룬˿ụ̂ˣԷ㷴ԽԽԶ
Ҫ
ģѾʹ޷ܡ
ԿʼĴʹʼϰʹ󽥽رľֱ˶ʼѣ
ʱǰһڡ
Ҫ
۾һ̣ӳǭZȼģһƬİĻİĴϣŰããǽڣһƬհס
һʱ֮䣬޷˼ֻǴڵĴղԺ֮еĻ棬ʹУ˿ȻϮ
ʵʹ
Щֲ壬ղžһУΣʵ
СZôءԷ⴫ԽԽֱƿţڴĿ͵ǭZȼ
ôˣߣָǭZȼգɫҰ׵ģһجô
ǭZȼֻǷŴûʶſˮ촽ƤˣҲɸɵģеԽԽѣȫð亹
СZСZԷüͷûпǭZȼ㻹ü˵֪𣿡
û¡ǭZȼץסԷ㸧յ֣Ƶһߣǰδе侲ֺǻûлع̫ˡ
˿ʱ䣬ŲͷԷ㵣ǵߣЩ㣬Է˫Щͣҳһĺȥϴ衣
áԷͷȥɡָסǭZȼ
ˡȴ⵽ǭZȼľܾ
߹ֱԡңڼ䣬ûпԷһۡ
ǭZȼԷе£ڴߣŻˡ
ԷߵǭZȼߵԡҽŷ漴ſϴϣֳڰɫˮرߣʼŻ²ֹ
ŻŻ
һ֡ƲסģķθĸоӶ˳ʳӿϡ
СZСZ⴫ԷԶ㻹𣿡
ǭZȼһ㣬ϴصˮͷ򿪣ȥѻҲ򿪣ˮˢڸǵ˿̵ĺû£Һܺá
ҸûϴˡԷţ㿪һ£
šǭZȼӣЩԥţֻ¶һСοռ䣬Լȥ
ȴϣԷץס֡

֡ԷץǭZȼ֣ܽ
šΪˮҡղǵˮǱˣԾ͡ǭZȼֻʱҸһ¡
ԭǭZȼĵطԷ΢ͷűԼսĵǭZȼ֡
˵Ҫһϴ𡣡
šԷһȴٳûж
վԡһߵǭZȼһֱȵҪΪղЩֻԼԺ֮еʱԷͻȻ˶
̧֣ԼߣĴֱϣĴУǭZȼ̲ס֡
С㣿
ǻϴԷɿǭZȼ֣ϴݸ緹Ѿˣϴ裬ͳ԰ɡ
á
ǭZȼõϴţԷ㽥ԶĽŲſԡҵϣһ
ϴԺԷרŸĻϴߵŷԭԼϵȻԷ㣬Լԭ·
·ǭZȼЩ֣˵ͻȻԷ¼ҡģԷ㲻ܻü׼ʺĻϴŶ԰οϵһףԼ·ôô
ûԷʢ࣬Ŵӳ߳ڲϣ·
ҵȻ֪ҵ·ǭZȼùӣҵ˼˵ôҵ··ʱߵ̫ôô
ûУ·ùġԷǭZȼĶҨһ࣬ش˴¶ȣȻáẠ̊́µģÿԳԡ
š
ôⰡԷǭZȼֹģЦ˵Ҿٸһˡ
ʲô£
·ΪʲôȻΪ֪һްԷЦЦȻ·Ҳֻһףʵϡ·ʱҲһֶһôˡ
ǭZȼһ±ƣ׼͵Ķ˲佩סô֪ʱ򣬶ûп
Ϊʱװһ䣬ʰɵСZԷ˵ϵĶҲûͣҨһ࣬شһιǭZȼߡ
ԡסԭһʹõİǭZȼ״ſͣһڳ£óԡ
óԣͶһ㡣һڣԷ־òԣǲҪˣšܳԶپͳԶٺˣɱԼ֪꣬𣿡
š
͡㶼ôģԷȻһһڵιǭZȼ״ʵ
Ӧһ°нȥ͵ʱҴһݡżпյʱҲһԣ̫æĻܾͲ˰ɡ˵Ժžһ仰Ҳ̫һЩ̲ססԼͣղź͸¶̫һЩ
ԷķӦڷż٣ҲûʲôԺ͵ʱһȥ˾һԡûɣ
ûСֻǡǭZȼЩ֣Էģ磭ô˰
ֻʲô
Ҫÿ춼ҳ緹𣿡
ǡԷͷʲô𣿡
ÿ춼Ļְᣬ¡ԷᣬԱ˵
ûϵġԷֳνӣԾһһڵιǭZȼ̸࣬һЩǱ˺޹Ƶģֻһ緹ѡ
šûϵĻǾ͡ðȻԷνĻȻҲûоܾɡ
͡ԵĻԷӦô˵ϣ°ԺҲֱ˵ϣ԰ﵱһңֻ˵ļҡ
šΪ̫ˣǭZȼȫû뵽Էô˵һʱ֮еˣ٩Էôá˵ͺڡһҮ
ۡԷ̲סЦˣʲôأ˵ֻ
⵹Ҳǡ
һڡ˵ţԷҨһ࣬ιǭZȼߡ
šǭZȼԹԵسȥ˵ôһֱιңԼ԰
ΪǼСZ̫̫ɰˣ̲ס͡ԷЦ˵
ҲܣҲҪι㡣ǭZȼ˳ƾ͡ˡ
ðԷôӦϽչ¶Цݣŵȴһûɿ
һͣ˵֮н
ʱҲˣóȥ˾ˡԷָָڿıӣ֪ģĳӦûڹ˾Ǳߣ˾¥ˣȥ˾ġ
ѡķӣΪǭZȼϰĵطҲǺԶ
šǭZȼüôáڿе鶼ƻأԡޣȻһʹ˵İɡ
ѽԷ˿ϵ˵ҾһС˼ǡ𡣡
ڣֻϣ飬ܹ֡
ֻǳǳĻȣֵõġ
ˡǳˡǭZȼԷ۹⣬ý
˾ôض˺һֻǻŶԷ۾ﰲֻܹ˺
ͻȻԷֱסǭZȼ
ļͷ§סҡ

ǭZȼĻ§ס
һ㡣
ס
һ㡣

һ㡣

һ㡣
šʹ𣿡
ʹ
ʹ𡣡
ᡣ
ԷҲ§סǭZȼͺܺá
ϣһֱס㣬Ҳϣһֱӵţ㡭嶼ʹҲҪֿ
ΪʲôǷֿء
ϣһֱ

ʹš
Ϊʹʱңڱš
Ҳϣʹܹоڱš
лҪ˵
ŰŰ
Լ˵
š
һµۡ
ҡ
ҷһСǣ𡭡
ǿСǡšء
һҲǡ
һǡûŰءҲСǡ
ȿ󡭡𰡡ǲ
ˣǡԼ졣

˵Ҽ´ѩҮ䡣
ҲҪעⱣů˰
Ϣ֪
˯


194 
ˡԷþе, ǭZȼ, һ, ǹ, Լſ
ţ
ʱˣٲߵĻ, ȥϰҪٵˡԷָָԼϵֱ
šǭZȼһƽ˵㣬ؿʼЬ
Ժ, , ˶, תԷ㡭һֱվ, ע
ôˣͶȥѯʵĿ, ʲôû𣿡
㡭ǲ᲻ң
ң
ûС˵ĻȴôҲ˵ڣҺ񡭡Ѿȥ²˼, Ƕ˵̫ѡ
Ϊ£ͻҪ֪𰸡
ʵ´Ҳûйϵ, ֻǡҺ񡭡Ѿɥʧǰһ, 
о仰˵, ˵ô
Һ¡˵ÿһ仰ڻڲ֮䣬ΪѹĿܡ
ҲϣѹӲϣǡҵĴڣΪѹ
ţԷ㲻⡣
ûʲôǭZȼֻЦЦ, ߆
ԷͣҪסȴһ˷Ӧ
֣ץס뿪
ţǭZȼһ㶣漴Цſôʲô˵
ûʲôر˵ġֻǰһߵǰ
ͱԷҪһЩǭZȼ΢΢ͷֻ
ԷǭZȼգһһĴĴϡ
ˡ
ǭZȼЩȡ
ȥϰɡٲŵĻҪٵԷ㹴𴽽ǣϳһЩΣߴǭZȼ뿪ȴǲᣬ硭һ׼ʱȥġ
ţΪһǣǭZȼƺ¶Цݣصĵ˵ͷת뿪
¥£˾ȻѾڳűߺˡ
С㡣
ţ߰ɡȥ˾ǭZȼ˳ڳԺ󣬲ŷ֡ϴؼҵϹķһԣӡһԷԸ˾Ӽùİɡ
ôһ롭еˡ
ޡԸιʳиղŵ簲ǡ
Ҫ˵еĻǡȻǷǳϲҲǳģǡܾãЩĪء
ͻȻ֮䡭ôܡʵ˵Щܳء
ΪԷڰԼһסˣԾ͡ʼͷˣ
šȷЩ˼ɵ˼ء
ǭZȼεҡҡͷûͷʵ벻ԭ򰡡
С㣬ˡ˾ͣ˹˾ſڡ
õģллǭZȼ³Ժ󣬷Ըҽ졭Է˵ϣԺ°ȥһԷ飬ӦûææԺƻЩˣһԼؼҵġֱӻؼҾͺˡ
õġ
ѵһյǭZȼǹЦݣõ˾Ȼյ﹫˾򿪵ʱ䣬һ㣬ǲȵ㵽ġ
ΪõԵʣо˵òһˣ˭ܹ˵Цġ
ǭZȼյ칫ҷԼĶ칫ζûȣ߽֪ܼͨ࣬³ٿ飬ʮӺ¥ҡ
û˵Ϊʲô飿
ûС³ֻ֪ͨ˵߲쵼ʮӺ󵽻ȥͿˡ
ã֪ˡ
ǭZȼ̾һ
Ȼûб֪ͨʲô飬׼Ŀ϶⡭ͻȻѪ˾飬һʱ鷳ˡ
Ժ󡪡
ܼ࣬һ¡ɢԺס˴뿪ǭZȼ
ȵ˶߿ˣֻʣǸŮ˵ʱſ˵
֪³סңʲôأ
ղҲˣһȥгϯһ̻ᣬ뿪һµʱ䡣
ţ֪
ڼ䣬ϣܹڹ˾Ϊ˵ķǳֱף֪Դ˾˽ҲٷϾҵʱͻСټϡҵŮ˹˾ԺһһȻᱻҹעֻһЩС飬Ҳᱻ޷Ŵ󣬳Ϊ෹̸ʡ
ǭZȼĬţЩҶղˣҲǲס
ˡŮļ򣬡ְ֪е˺ܶࡣҲȷŬ˲ٵĳɼһΣҲڹ˾Ҫ㿴ˡ
һġǭZȼᶨػش
ģְֺܸˡҪоġıְֲڹ˾һ£ûҶῴġ𣿡
šǭZȼͷԾһ
Ҫ¡ǭZȼĽţ֪ڲŶʮͻСе̫Ҳáְϣڰְֲڵʱ򣬷ȥҲûϵԲҪ̫ѹ
ϵ顭ġǭZȼŴ³ģҲʧġ
⻰ôôЩأֻǡϵ𣿡

ðְʧֻйϵôƺָ
ǭZȼ˴ӵʱ䷴Ӧͣһ仰Ҳû˵
óĬеĻش
ʱ򡭡ӻʣ񡭡ܿ϶Ƿ񶨣̫ԡ
ˣҪ˵ĻѾ˵ˡЦЦƺղŵ⣬ӲƵģȥæɡˣְֶĻƱ֮ǰǵøС㣬һԸ
֪
ţǭZȼһļУصԼİ칫ҡ
һ£㿿ڰ칫εαϣͷ컨塣
񡭡ҪӱҲãǲȥЩҲãƺôҲӲ
Է飬ôװɵѾݼõƭԼʱʵֻһֻ֣סԴȥЩҪԵʵ
ʱһΣٽ緹ʱ䡣
ˡ

ôһ緹ɡƺ׼ʱģ˵֪æǸæҲóԸԲԾܾ
ǭZȼ̲סƲƲ죬˵ˣ㻹˵Щʲô
У߰ɡߵǭZȼǰ롱ơ
šǣĲа
˵˲ԾܾôոоóǭZȼ״̬ãҪҲãֻǳԸ緹Ҳã֮ɲ뿴ǭZȼһ˿Ĵڰ칫ͷ㲻ܼ࣬ҲǸ߹ʡѧ㣬Ϊѧã㲻Ծܾ
ǺӦǭZȼЩΣǡĲа
ΪʲôüѵԼˣ
ҡ˭ԼԷʵ벻ǭZȼûΪͷĿ˳˺ûˣټڹ˾һըҩӡ˭һԷ
ǭZȼͣ˵˭ʱȴ͸ûйϵŵķ϶Էӭ߽Ӱ
˼ԼСZһԷԷߵյߣʱĿ˵
ղͷԷ㣬ȻһЦԭˡ
ѹ֡һҵܾôɴࡣտǭZȼһۣǵ٩ζ
ǭZȼNɪİ˰֣һҲû취ӣװرΡ
Ҿ͡ﰭˡնԷЦЦ漴뿪ˡ
Էվڰ칫ߣʱոպá
㻹׼ʱǭZȼʵû뵽Էô׼
š
ǣҲˡǭZȼļƵһߣվ˵߰ɣʲô
ȻԷֻվԭزǲȥ԰ɡ
ȥҪʲôӦ֪İɡǹ˾ûʳð
Է˵ţŵı´ŵ칫ϡ
ţǭZȼע⵽ԭԷд
Է򿪱´óСУӡװȫ˵ķˣģ
šԷùǭZȼףһߣԺ󣬽Ƶǰʳ̫ˣԺÿһ죬Ҷڼ緹Ȼùһԡ
һʱ֮䣬ǭZȼûзӦ
˵ġԷ˶٣ƵĿǭZȼϲĶ
ûСôءţǭZȼǺǿģĶóҵθˣԸÿҳԣ֮ء
šǭZȼĻشԷĵ˵ͷŰѿӵݸǭZȼˣ԰ɣȵء
ðǭZȼǣӹУǰļУЦ㰡ķСǿɰ
ԷУһСͨ΢¯õ͸ʺУǴСͨͼ֡
֮ûȫķйҲǿǵǭZȼʳ⣬Է㲻ϣǭZȼԵ̫̫ʶȾͺá
Ҳúܿɰ԰ɡԷѵõüһ䣬ƺǭZȼ˵
ǭZȼЦЦû뵽ԭԷ㻹ȺãҲܿɰ
šʹȻԷ֮ദ̫̫˳һʱ֮䣬ûסЩʧȥǡ֣գø߸ߵģɰģ㡣
Էһ㶣ؿǭZȼЦ⣬ضزסƺһ̡оǭZȼ֮ദģʽֱ˴ǰģ
øˡ
Ȼ
Է㿴̫ȣعʼԼͻʶ޴Բ𡣡
ǭZȼջԼ֣ͻȻ֪۾ӦÿʲôطźãΪЩΡ
ΪʲôԷһץס볷ص֣ҪǸ
ΪǭZȼ֪Ӧλش
ΪʲôҪǸֱĿǭZȼ˫ۣظһ飬ȴ֮ǰʣȻͬ
ǭZȼ¶ɫЩѵأˣɬ´İ칫棬֧֧ػشΪǹ˾ԡ
ԣ
ҾáǭZȼ˫ͣ˺һ¿ڣƺھع˵ӦûϣǱӣȽϺá
ԷĬţһԡ
ǭZȼһ¶ˣ
ôţԷУأԼס֡
û뵽ԷȴץסֲϷſ

ûô롣˸ղŵȴЩ
ԡηηβģȻΪҰ
ԷģͻȻʼ
칫ҵʱ򣬰칫ҵĴǱϵģʲô˿ء
˵סֻǭZȼˡ
ǭZȼ̧ͷԷ˼Щ׽͸
ûʲôԷ򴽣һ飬¶Ц԰ɣ˶Ҫˡ
มǭZȼһۣƺµԷ㣬㿪ʼͷԷ
ҪԵôָ֮ǰһᣬ㿴㣬ճˡ
ﰡǭZȼţ㽫ߡ
ҪԷץסֻ֡
ţվͷյߣĴǡ
ſͣ⣬ǸճǷУ漴ס
ǭZȼ˶סˡ
ǧ˼һ̣Ժ֮ըѿ
ͣ˵ЩʲôʱȴԵʲô
̵ġ
лҪ˵
ǡ
š
ŰŰ
ġŰ
ңѣĲŰ
ϴԵضԼ˵
ʵСZС֮䣬ϸ˵һ£Ǹоûʱ
ǰ˵ܾе͸ĸоء
Ҫϣǰľ飬ҿԴԼĿ뷨ȥɡ
˵˵ĻоӰ쵽ҡ
Եȵ˺ľ˵ʱϸ˵һ°ɡ
Ŀǰ͡Լһ°ɡ
ӡҪҡ
Ҷˡȶ˵Űа˵ж
ж
ǡôҲǰ˵ǰɡɡ
ţ
ʵһ¡ҲǺŰҲŰɡ
ء
һЩ˯໡
գ
Ͻߡ


195 

ѵõĩʱ, ǭZȼûлؼ, ѡԷס
˿, ԷĻ, ǣǭZȼϲġ
Է§ס, Ҳ˳ȦסԷ塣
˾ôţɳ, ĿŵӽĿ
ʵϡǭZȼڵתĻ, ŵݶȤ
ʶĵͷԷ㡣
Է㡭ӽĿú档

ǭZȼ, 漴ϡ
ʲڡ
磬Էİ칫֮, ÿעԷʱ򡭡һ״ĸо
޷ܺõݳ, ָоʲô롭ץסһ̵ĸо
ΪʲôԷԼʱ򣬻ء
һշ飬һֱǭZȼԺ֮, ɢȥ
Ϊֹûҵ𰸡
ϸ, ܹ԰ҲһֱڱԷȥ̸鷽, Ǳ˴֮δܻñ˴˶̫ʹ顣
յ, ԷӦòΪѰɡ
ѵǡĸԼһйô
Ƿ񡭡ָʲôѹô
֮ǰڼʱ򣬿Ҳ񰡣Է仹֮䣬ദķΧҲǢһⶼûа
⡭ǳء
, ǭZȼҲһֹӣȻʡҲûʳڣȻºԷͼҲΪش𷴶Եú֣ΪǿԲѡش
ǭZȼĴ𰸣˵Ǵ𰸣˵ŪĽڱȽϺʡ
ȫСһ

㡭ǭZȼ˶ɵˡ
ʶģˣԼ˫滹ɢԷζ
ԷֻǺҵĲ˲ϵᣬŬЦ˵ûҾ뵽Сʱˡ
㿴Է۾Żصλû¶һ¶ЦݣСʱ򶼲ԹԳԷôҶе㲻ϰˡ
ǭZȼֻͣĿⶨԷϣȴʼһ仰˵
ܿ졣
Ҳǽţֻ޴롣
ΪȻӦ˵ʲô֪
Էָֻһɫظ˸ǭZȼգôҸﰡԷٲԷ˶ˡ
һ˵һӸǭZȼвˣһһϵʱ侫Ϊ׼ģɲܲԱһЩม
ǭZȼԾɶԷ˫ۣҧҧ´ϵı飬д˵ǡ
Ϊ˿̣ԾܹĿԷϵۡ
԰㲻ԵĻǡҾֻιԆԷ˿ǵģղűֱˡ
ǭZȼ̵ζʲôǡʵҪԷġݼƭȥˡ
ԷˣݵǭZȼߣ죬
ޡǭZȼľګԷ˵Ļ
ó𡣡Էջ֣ڴĿǭZȼ̫һ㡣
šǭZȼţȴ·һζûУ˿̵ȫԲԼڽŵĶʲôֻ˳ӵĽšʳѣóԡ
ǾͺáԷ򴽣漴ӡ
ǭZȼƵģȻԷУֱָϡ
Է㿴ڵڣôһ˲䣬һ˿ڴ
㡭ǭZȼſͣѡ˻رܣ֡е
䡣ЦЦȻϣգҲ⣬ֻҡҡͷ԰ɡԺץʱ䣬ſ˯һ¡羫һЩ
šǭZȼ촽ЩȴһӦ
֮䣬ʲôûзһ͡

ʲôԷͻȻڶߣǭZȼ˼
΢΢ͷöԷеߣţ
Ϊʲôһֱ̾
̾𣿡
СԷ϶ĵ˵ͷһûз֡·ŵڲŵĽĿϣǭZȼıż㾭̾
𡣡ǭZȼ֪Ӧ
Էҡҡͷ
ءΪʲô̾ǭZȼͷʼעԷ㣬㡭ֻܹĲ
ΪԷԴǭZȼˣ㶼ûкúõĿӡ

ҿ֪มԷͻȻһ䣬һ˿ƤζĿͶǭZȼϣǽղšһֱڿң԰ɣ
ǭZȼҲ̲סһ䡣
һʱ⣬̫ˣҲ̫ѵãʱԷɰģһ˲䣬ͷǭZȼģ붼û룬šҲûǸʱȥ˼࣬ǰסĴ
ǭZȼǵĺᣬҲᣬ壭⣬żС˿Ĵ
šԷϵſͣģ壭ͷԼнţ
ǭZȼԷ˳ӣҲдģůϢ
֪ʱ֮ӵҲı䡣
ǭZȼԷѹ£ַԷĶ࣬Է֡Ҳ§סǭZȼ࣬תΪ§סĺ󾱡
һǽ
˾ôؿŶԷ۾˭ûгƴ˿ա
ԷͻȻһֻ֣ǭZȼɢļ糤ĶЦ
ǭZȼһһ˿ȣͷİ⣬һĶϡ
漴㽫Դľ䡣

ĺƺҪζǻ֮С
Էܵռ˳ӵĽ§ø
⣬һ̣ʲôû롣
ʲô飬ʲôδʲôףĸѹҲã׵ƫҲա
ǭZȼ£õƽ
Щƽ밲ĸоɢһз˼
áԷ̲ס̾һָǭZȼ˳ķ˿
šǭZȼԾԷľ䣬źţϲ
ϲԷ϶Ļش
Ҫʲôءһ죬оǭZȼһʲôܺãֻ̫Ŀĵľ˷ѵ֮ѵõദʱ⡣
硭
ţ
һ£Ҫع˾һˡǭZȼ˵
ӰࣿԷüһ壬û
Ϊְ¸ҪĹϵѹ˾һЩļûµʱͿһ¡ǭZȼԷļ̌ͷֱ壬§صԼĻУ°ʱߵ̫һˡ
Է˵ͷְҪôȥ
ǣеһ̻ᡣ
ǭZȼ˵ĻȫظһԷ
Ҫȥһ°
š
ǺܺðԷĿһǭZȼȴû˵ƣֻɫƽ˵һ£ҲҪ̫ţҪԼģ𡣡
ǭZȼЦЦҵȻչ˺Լ
ġԷͻȻüͷװģֻ֣ǭZȼŰţգԣһῴġ
ǡðǭZȼ￪ĵòˣͲԷ˵ء
ȥ
һͳš
áԷջ֣ǭZȼߣرԵĶ𡣡
Ļȫ԰Ůʽı׼شǭZȼһֱǿ
ô𰡡
šǭZȼ˵ͷ漴˵Է㺦ߵĻΪոճԹˡ
Է붮һͺˡ
ٺ١ǭZȼóѰЦ
֪ƶ졣ԷֵӣȴЦǭZȼձߡһ£Ǻ𡣡
ֵǭZȼԱˡ
ַ·Է鰡
û뵽ԷӲ׳֣һԼľͻ˲䱻²
һൽʱˣǭZȼʰһ£ȥ˹˾
ԷһڿɳϣŵϲŵĵӽĿԴȴţӦҪʲôǭZȼԡ
һֱעǭZȼʳκٵĿƣ֮һֱЩ嵭ЩĶǭZȼԣǭZȼͷעԼ塣
ڽô
ţ
壬塣

壬壬塣
ι绰켸ע⵽
裿Էһ㶣𣿲ᰡܷ㡣ԣҽɡ
ԣáϹȥ㡣Էһŵ绰һȥԼףҴšʮӣʮӾͿԹɡ
ãʮӺ
ҵ绰ԺԷ㳤һúԿױš
ʮӺ
裡ԷڳҵŹﳵĴйŵķ䡣
˰Է㣬С㣬㿴ЩȥŹ䡣
Էע⵽ŵĹﳵѾҪĵزˡ
衭ͣôôණ
ЩǸİŹﳵ߸ԷͣԱߵöﳵհһסȼ棬϶ȱٺܶƷģпգһˣ뿴ȱʲôá
衭ˡ⣬ԷĺܸжǡҲ̫˰ɣûʲôȱˡʵҶˣȱĶԼҲѾˡ
Ȼʵǣھһ죬Һ÷ǩúͬ㶨е飬˳ȱƷưζʲôȫһˡ
ĸԼôһءƲƲ죬Щ⣬ƽԼõʱ򣬾ͻģǶ˰
衭Է̲סץסֱۣЩѾˣġҷǳжĹˡ
˺ˣǾЩɡεҡҡͷȻŹﳵȥŶӽˡ
һżĶԷסߡ
ôһİ򳵹ôԷ㱾۰ĸ׵ԭ˴󲿷ֵĶ
ǣ˾ҹġĶ࣬ȽУŸһؼˡ
ǡְ֪ôԷŷһ˵ݡ
֪Ҹ绰ˡ֪һܣЩԴأ˵ҶһһŮˡ̲סЦЦȼȼӦø˵˰ɣְҪڻڼ׼أ˵ˣһæֱӸϹһԷ
มҿԸһ¶һԷָָ棬ˡ
俴˿ΧһҲ٣Ӧò̫
ţȥɡ
á
ԿҺɰԷ϶̫࣬ûˣ㽫ĺɰ¶
á˼㽫ĿڴҵԿףԼš
šţϵĶķŵһߡ
ţʵסҲ
п𣿡
ûУǩͬʱ򣬼Ҿ߾ġֻǺԼЩƷѡԷ㽫ŵĴӷ˿ϡ
ͦõġ˵һ˰ס᲻ϰأڿҲͦģסܾģҲܸˡ
лл衣Է㿪ĵЦݣ˵ȼȼһҲ
̫ˣһ˿һԶٷ
š
һе飬ƽȵؽţչš
˿̵ƽԵԷеҸ
ܹһֱ򵥣ͺˡ
лҪ˵
ţоβĵط̫ԣּһЩݡ
һ²ŰŰĲŰ
һΣûŰ
˵ǰ£ľŰ𡭡
ǶֻǰءһûʼŰѽ
ɪɪҪҡ
а˵ŰޣҡĲ̡
һ¾ɡ
ģ
֮󡭡šڴ
˵һ£һµı⡭ʵǺġ
ϡ


196 

뿪ԷĻԺ, ǭZȼһ˿ȥ˹˾
Щļʵ, ڹ˾ġ
ô˵ءǹһ뿪ɡ
ļ, иҪĶڹ˾
кԺ, 㾶ֱԼİ칫ȥ
ĩҶϢ, Թ˾϶ûʲôˣһȻߵԼİ칫ߡ
Ҫȥʲô, ΪҪļ, Ѿķһģ룭ˡ
ӿڴóԿ, 򿪣룬óļ, ȴֱӽļŵһߡ
ЩļóԺ, 룭ŵıǼɫĺӣ棬һĻɫţƤֽ
Щ, ʶؽüͷִԼİó˸ղųǰ·߸ʳһСƿȪˮ, ţŵİɫĶһ¡
Щ, ֻڼķͰ칫С
Ȼڿ, пܻԷǱСסһʱ䣬ȻҲڳסĿܣĿǰҰЩһûԷļҡ
¡֡
Ҫġ
ͬʱǭZȼҲ¡Է㷢֮׷ԼʱԼĳĬ
֮మ, Ѿôˣٷʲô顭¡ֻǱ˴֮䣬Զ
ǭZȼϣ־룬ΪԼԵʱԶ
һϣ˺һ󣬳ĺһֽ룭ļ뿪ˡ
ȵؼҵʱѾ㡣
֮ǰԷҵϣѾԿ׸ʵ˵ǭZȼǺܸ˵ġ
٣ûнԼ֮⣬ԼԿס˵ϣԼܹİɣҲǡڻӭԼʱɡ
뵽䴽ǡ
Ըõ飬ܹһֱȥĻͺˡ
óԿ״š
û֮еĸо֡ؼˡڴΪ˻ԡ
ġһ
Ȼ
ǭZȼû뵽ǣԺƻͨļԷ㡭з䡣
һ˵˭ءӿɳߵǭZȼǰԭǼȼȼ˰
衭ǭZȼ㶣漴¶Цݣôˡ
⻰˵ģ㣬ôͲ˰üװӡ
ûûСҵȻ˼ǭZȼֺһסֱۣҾǺôͻȻˣҲûҽ
迴Ž칤ñȽ磬ҲǺæһסüˣ̫ģԾǭZȼŵʲôڳ˺ööණõӰɡ
GǭZȼԴ׵ӣôණȻ裬ƫѽҽһ䳬Уһ𡣡
Сٵġ̲סЦˣʮˣûζأСӵģҸ绰ʱ˵£һŻɲܹҰ
ٺ٣֪衣ղ˵ĻҶǹ⽲ġǭZȼϵļ￪ʼԼϲԵĶֲСӣŲϳԴء
˵ˣԷŮѽԷǲڱŮô˻أôܻԴء
ѽ㣬ˣͷľˡεİڰֻ֣ԼԣҲһȥԲ԰
ף˵ҽأôûǭZȼע⵽ӽſʼûԷ㣬ΪԷһڿء
һְæҲҪ˵ˣҪúõ¶һ֣ǳաָָķ򣬡ֲæһڳæء
ޡȥǭZȼ˵ţҲϳԵģһ߽˳
裬Ҳ˵˲æôԷͷҲûֻ̧רĵĵͷϵʳģһ˿ԵġźúϢһ£һҵհɡ
ҡǭZȼԴԷЦЦ
ȻŮ
Է˿˵ģôͻݵӡ̲סҪȢؼҡ
ǭZȼԷʶ̧ͷĿ⣬ҲһչЦգ
šǭZȼЦŵ˵ͷ
Էֿʼæϵʳģٵһ£Ͼͺˡ
˵Ժ뵽ʲôָָķ򣬡˺ܶԵģ˵Ļͳһһ¶ӡԳ̫ĶȻһ£ͳԲ·ˡ
֪ǭZȼеʳš
ţԷüǸʲôƺĶûôϲĸо
ڡ佱㡣ǭZȼЦߵԷߡ
𡭡ԷϵıͻȻúԡǭZȼνġ佱ȫûеõĸо
ǰ졣ǭZȼԷιһʳһֱڳæҲ˰ɡ
һԷ㲻˵šζ
ǭZȼͷעԷĲ
ΪҪԵʣԷ㽫˳ĳڶƤİһ¶ϸĲɫļֳЩɢͷ˳ϡ
˿̵ĳú
ǡԷв˵һȻǭZȼȴֻõС¹ײ㡰񡱵ЩʼԳ
ţͻȻûԷͣв˵ĶͷǭZȼôֲ˵ˣ
ǭZȼЦЦͻȻ뵽һЩСʱ顣
СʱģԷ۾һ˿ڴʲô
ԺСZˣҪȢ㡣ǭZȼ¶һ޵̨ʡ
ԷЩסˣЩ飬ԺչֳһĻ档

㣬ԺСZˣҪȢ㡣
ɵϣôܹȢء
Ϊʲôԣʦ˵ϲһ˾ҪȢġ
ɡĽ㰡
ôҲҪȢ㡣
ѽ

Է̿ˮý
ǭZȼֻЦҡҡͷƺûڴԷӦӣʼͷеʳ
Ȼһ룬ĶߣԷ
ð
ʳ֣ͣڿУԷĻشĴĶУȴҪãֻĴ
㵵ĶԷߡ
ֻǣЦһᣬдһ˿ۡ
ð
СʱļСȻͬĴ𰸡
ҡǭZȼͣԴһţԵ޴뼫ˣȴ֪ӦλӦԷ㣬˵Ļ̫࣬ĿΪ̫𾪵Եʰɡ
ԷӦ飬ûڴ
ôԷ۾ôɵ
Ա׾ǭZȼԷ֣ȥգκΪղв˵ԵʣЩ޷Ը
˵𡣡ǭZȼʵ棬Ҳ档
ȻİԷҲó̬ͬػӦʲôʱƭ
ǭZȼ۾һŻҲȼһѻԷ㣬΢΢ͷ̲סս
Է˫зŴԷ֪ҪʲôҲ֪ʲôһ̵ûѡ񱣳֣磬ѡԼıģ˳ӵı۾
С㰡ǭZȼı
ŵǭZȼԷҲͷղв˵Ķ
衢衣ǭZȼװ򶨣תϷߣ㡢ôˡ
⻰˵ġֻĪôҲܽ
ЦЦ漴Է˵ְָղŴ绰ң˵Ҫˣߡæ𣿡ע⵽Է㻹вˣһæ̫ۣ˵˾ˣһһԷһͺãô¡صġ
šûµġԷԾɵͷвˣϵĺοʼɢȥһˣк¹һ¾ˣְֵ˵ʱ򣬲ͿԿʼԷˡ
šá˵ͷڴ
ǭZȼһֱעⷽıͶӡղšӦʲôûпɣҲӦáʲôûзɡ
ǭZȼֲˣרĵæ˵űǭZȼϳ˳
뿪ԺԷظ̾һ
ûãŷ䷢ĵַˡ
սţԷɱæˣѳõĲһһõϷźãְ֡áԳԷˡ
ۡǿĲ˺úõĿһšѹſھѾŵζˣ֪ˣλѽ
ǼҹɵĴŮԷ³ءС˵ˣҰæЩȫһءǳա
úúáĵͷǼŮĲˣҲó֪ǿ϶һ
εЦЦ⣬ŮҲرĹȣˣˣ³԰ɡ
š˷Աߵ
˵Ӧö֪˰ɣְҪȥг顣߳Ա˵
š
ְֲڼҵЩ죬Ҫúչ裬֪𣿡
֡ǭZȼظһڴӦ
СҲǣְҪ뿪һµʱ䣬ءҲݼ٣бȽϿеʱ򣬾Ͷؼ衣
֣֪ġ
⻰˵ģֲǸӣҪչҰһۣɻô˵뵣ģʮõġ
˵֮Ҳ뿪һʱ䡣΢ɵ˵ӻûȵȷˣٸǡ
ҲҪԷе㾪ȣ֮ǰϵ𣿡
ǹڹϵ飬֮ǰ¼ЦŰԼŮ
รǾǡְֺ֮趼Ҫ뿪һʱ䡣ǭZȼЦرNɪǷģһչ˺ҽġ
ǣչ˺㣬Ǿˡ̲סЦˣڼңôҲԷչǭZȼİ
ˡͻȻЩʲô°ʱڰ칫¥ſ껷塣ϴζ껷塣˵ǼԷ°ġ
ԣҲԷ㣬һϷӡ
ԷʶĿһǭZȼ
ǲСæŰңǸ˼һʼݼٵˣ
ţС㣬˵ð⻰أ껷ǺӰתģɾûͼӴףҲûа˵˼มе꣬Ǻ˵˺ö绰㶼ûӣûа취֮£칫¥ſڵ°ġת˵֮ǰǼ飬ϣ㿼һ¡


š֮ǰǼ顯̲ס٩ԼŮС㣬˵һ£Ǽ顯ʲôԭԴͮͮϼԺ󣬾һֱϵ
ǭZȼֻǳĬţŶߵһС
ǡǰǸӡȻڷͷ뷨ʵԷ˵ǭZȼģһֱʶעǭZȼϵı飬˵ǼǡĹ˾Ǻ뷨ϣܹаһЩæѾܾˡ
ָġ֮ǰǸ飿ͻȻ
šԷ㳯ǭZȼķ˵ͷ
ԭҲ˵ͷܾǶԵġ
ǰְǸӰνҡҡͷ
Ҿ˵ǡҲ̫ˡԷһˣ԰ɣ˵õҪúõĳҵյ𡣡
ԶԶԡ͵
ҲӿʼԷ
Է㡭һֱעǭZȼĶȴ򶨡
򶨵ƺ޶ԡ
лҪ˵

һҲŰŰ
һҲģģ
ȲҪ°
šʱ
ʵ»дݣסͲˡ
ʣµݾͷŵһº

ȥ˵ǸϷҪһ뷨23333


197 
, ȥϴ, ϾԷһһѾ, ټΪһŵĶʮТϹȻҲ᲻÷ȥϴ, ֻԼˡ
Է񣬼Լϴ, ðְֶ֣ûֹĸ۰, ļҳȥˡ
ǭZȼȽ, ǡϴ, ԺԾظԷƨɺ棬ŷһȥ˿
Щ, ҲҪ뿪һ, ȼȼˣҪչ˺ԼסԷ֣ԼŮɵģ, ĳ˵㻹ôС, һת۶ѾܹԼһ, 谡, ϶ˡ
裬ôͻȻ˵
ǣûʲô뵽Щʲô漴ԳһЦЦǿڳص, ˣԸпһ¡
มԷоղźҪ˵ЩʲôӣԼʱҲЩԾֲ֪ΪʲôҲԼĸоˣͻȥʲá
ȼȼأҲָҺְֶڼڼܹչ˺㡣֪ԷչǭZȼǿɿ׶ˣԼԼ˺þˡҪؼҳԷأʱȥӶ˶ڼءҪһڼŹµżС
裬ġһչ˺ȼȼġԷЦЦ漴ľګǭZȼһۡ
Ҿ֪û˵չġѽɱ軵ˡ̲ס̾һҪ˵ڳǭZȼϣԷɱĸ׻񶼸
˵ˣȼȼѾʮˣҪ˵չԼҲ´ˡ̲סƳһǭZȼ֪ҲһӣһӶ߰ɣպԼļͥԼĺӣҪѧԼġ
ǭZȼͣȴʲôҲû˵ڡ
ҪЩʲô֡ҪĻСˣƢƵǰΣ硣
ͷеĲƣֻܻΪһ̾Ϣڶ
裬˵ȥ˰Էü֪ǭZȼԱЩ϶ǻòĵġ
̫ԶһЩɡ俴һ۳ĬǭZȼƺҲʶԼղ˵ĻǭZȼڶԼ˵ΪԷ׸ЦŸǭZȼǸ˵ղ˵̫һЩȼȼֻǾãͣҲӦѧԼһЩˣʲôʱߡ
֪ġǭZȼ򴽣ҲûԵر𲻸˵ӣһ̬¶Ц˵ֲǸСӣȻܱҽ㡭˩һӡ
š˵ͷû˼ͺá
ԷֻһԲǭZȼ˵ĻһЩĸо
ҲΪǭZȼĻòˣҲô˵ֻǡĸо

һһӵġ
ڷǰȴҪǧء
ǭZȼò˵ΥĵĻò̡
ǰʱܾãǵĹϵǼùģܹҲôʺϹǣǰϾǱ˴֮ݱȽ⡣
Կηûеġ
ԣһֱȻΪǰڸĸǰ룬ݺñ˴֮Ӧеݣ֮飬ҲӦǱ˴˵Ĺʶ
ɵڣŷֻһԸ뷨ѡ
ҲһʼǭZȼͲԸôŲϲزصĹϵηηĸ飬ֻΪԼѡЭ뷨ȫԼĸܣһζԼ
ԭһֱĲ̡
֡ưȫķϵ˺
ôλŮʿЩʲôСϴˣһΣЦ¾õӣߵ¡
ЩŮ֮飬ôءЦŻش
ǣʱҲˡָָϵֱѾŵˣҲûȥˣŵСϢ
ǡע⵽ʱô죬һת۶ŵˣؼҲʮˣǸûȥˡ
û¶ƽҲ˯ô硣Ҳûϵ
˲ˣڶŵˣϴһҲҪʮˣԼһϢһҲ˯ˡڰ֣漴ߵ˵߰ɡ
á
ǭZȼŷҪ뿪оԼƺҲʺϼϾղŷѾ˵ˣҲȷı̬ˣԼ޵Ļƺ̫ãҡһԷ㣬о˰ɡ
ҲһߺˡǭZȼɵ˵ʱرļװ˸ҿ˳Լȥˡ
֣裬ҪȻǱȱ˭ȵңǭZȼЦŸĸЦ
ûϵȻһ㡣
ֻҪ˫΢΢һ㻡ȣܹЦˣܼ򵥣ԣûµġ
ȻٺԵЩѾԵʹУЦݡܹøʵ
Ϲ˵ʲôأһСĿɱˡ̲סǭZȼһۣ⺢ôһҲΪԼİȫأУһĳؼң⺢ҿɲһˡ
ǭZȼԺһ֪Ͳ俪Цˡ
һߵſڡ
Է
ڻЬ
ǭZȼתԷһۣ漴ЦЦ
Էͣû˵ʲôֻǰһסǭZȼ󣬶ԸոջЬͷ˵֣裬ϢȼȼףɣҲһ˿ء£˵˵
ðν
ҲУڶ۰Ҳͷû취Ͼ춼£ټԷһ䷿ҲûضסǭZȼ˵ȼȼ˼أ͸ɴˡһҲиӦ
มǭZȼͷ䣬ľľĵ˵ͷǺð
Ȼһվſڣ͸ĸϵ뿪
ˡǭZȼȽļţԴߣԼĻϴ·ȥϴ裬Էϡ
ס׼ȥԡҵǭZȼ
ʱ˵顭ϣ㲻ᡣԷûΪʲôѡؼסģǭZȼ껷֮Ĺϵ
ҡǭZȼһ£Ц˵ûа
Ҹ֮ûʲôԷ֣ص˵Һ˵ЩǡץסǭZȼ֣ҡ
ǭZȼ֣סͣʲô˵Щ㡣
ãʡ
㰮𡣡
ԷǳĿǭZȼʮֵ࣬һ䣬Һܰ㡣
ǭZȼ˶٣򴽽ǣԥ˺һֿڣܾ֮ǰ˵㲻񣬵ǡҲһ顣𡣡
ǡһ𡣡ǭZȼʼգŷǳ侲
ڳʱҲǲŴӦ𡣡ǭZȼ΢΢һЦе죬ЩɬĻش˵㣬ǭZȼ⣬ҡ˭ޡ
ҡǭZȼһЩɣʶü𣿡
ԡ
áǭZȼһʲôشƵģ̬㡣
лҪ˵
ǡ
¡ҿҪְ
ȻĿǰֻǿ
ϣܸһո
ΪҼʹɣ
۱Ļһжģѣ
µԶ˼İ
ƪģϲĻϣղһ£ԣ



198 
õ, СתһЩԡӰʦ, ȻӦʲô, ܺ, ͱһ顣
۰ǭZȼߵյߡ
ţ˫ֽǰ, ͷǭZȼô, ɣ
ֹǲǭZȼ֮, ֱרҵеרҵ
ǵȻ, ͸żֵ⣬Եý, ɴûеҲûлɹˮ׼, Լκء
ǸգȻûҴˡѹô, ȻûԭġǭZȼЦЦܹҵΪϵ´̫ˡ
ô˵, Ҿͷˡתͷ, ǭZȼ۾˵, ûܼʧͺá
٣⻰˵ģ߹£ʲôʱĹǭZȼεҡҡͷ⻰˵, һñӸЦʲôţô˵Ҳûǻػ䡣
ʳָ˵ǭZȼǸԼͦĬԼЦǽӵô׼
ôЦˣȻһЩװƵǭZȼڵ
ǭZȼڻش˵Ż̧Լֱĸտҵ岻һֱô
ն˶٣ûж˵Щʲôֻ֣ǭZȼ°ͣ󿴿ֿģ˵šǣգ֮ǰȷԲ˲١
ǭZȼĵյ֣Լ˫գ񡭡ǳˡ
ôʲôü㰡ӲǸոպã֮ǰǶʱ䡭㶼ݵøƵģ첻ˣ϶û⡣
ǰЩʱǭZȼÿüͷģȥ֮ǡʲôʱøվãɢһŨŨĳоǭZȼ˵ľ״̬ǳá
ǣ˵ôŰǭZȼȻЦЦڼʺ֮ݵ˵ҵļʺгЧ
͸ʹװɡ̲ס˸ۣ̫ǭZȼʲô磭񣭵ˣԽ¾ԽϲװûµӣԽ˵أص˭˵ĵز
ǭZȼʲô飬벻ͨ޷ģٶһЩȡһ񡭡ǭZȼȴԼ뷨ȫȻܵģҲȻǭZȼ˲˵ôôʣǭZȼֻ̫ġ
ǭZȼֻŴЦȴһԲ
׸յ˼ҲӸյпһЩֻʲô˵ڵѾҪȥЩˡ
ţһжȴֻδ֮ǰϧһʱ⣬Ͷȥʱ⣬顭Ҳ
ҡҲֻԼˡ
˵Ļľͻܡ
ãǳӰ֮ǰĺõһƬղŵļ鶼ǳС࿩绹Ҫ鷳ˡ
Աߵԣȹڣ߳ӰȥϢһ·
ѧ㣬มߵԼߵʱ򣬸պĵĿ佱Ĵָ
һֱ֪Դ飬ȴûۼʱʲôӣѵлᣬټĿܲ߻ˣҲ˵ˣεҪȫͬԵһʶһʱķɡ
ߡرNɪüë¸յĿޡ
С𡣡ǭZȼ֣ãϵܼǭZȼһСķɣǳлϣ졣ǭZȼҪ֮һȻ˵ǲҪÿֳţϾҲбĹҪæżҪֳһģʲô죬Ӱ쵽ȣǾͲ̫ˡ
ôнͺáҲЦ֣סǭZȼ֣֪СյѣСյѾҵѣҲϣܺ졣ϲǹ˾ǵĺ֮ڣϿȷܹԤڵЧԺ˴֮ҲвٺĿܡ
㹤Ѿܼ෽ĻһԷɣͣҲС롣İѸ
ιѧôôҡε̾һ
ѧͰ˵գҴѧѧ㡣ǭZȼ˼䡣
û뵽ôɣҲǸյѧ㡣Ǹʱѧ㡣
ǿɰѧ͵ĻҵȻǲӦþܾġǭZȼ˶٣治˼ѾԼˡ
һҪʱԷҲȻ÷ԣм£Է㵱˾ȻڳϳԷ겻ġ
ǭZȼԼԼãԷƺʲôȴҲΪЩŵ飬Ӷѡ˻رܡ
˼ͼԼЦŵ٩԰ѧ緹ÿ
ԭˡЦЦԭҲֻ˵ĿȻǭZȼӦĻҲ޷ϾǽҲкĻᣬټϽҪһʱ䣬ñ˴˵ĹϵǢһҲûлǾ´ΰɡ
˼ǭZȼ΢΢Ǹףһ
Ҿȥ·ˡͷűڹԱͬȥϢһ·ˡ
ÿ춼м㣬һԷҡûǴĻ΢˼һ£ÿζԼģӦԼİɡ
ǭZȼʱԷͷ˾һθǭZȼԷԷ㣬˸ҲˣԷ㲻żÿ춼
ǡ
ޱ㵱ͻȻðôһżֵ٩漴Цҡҡͷô罺ᣬǺ¡֮ǰǸ˵ˣȥסô顭õķչԡ
ͻȻͣǭZȼͷϸյߣڵһ仰
ֻͻȻתмأҪһ㡣
ܾãǭZȼ˺ܶ࣬Ǿиı䣬˵Կ϶ǣǭZȼϵһЩĵȷȷڲϸ΢ı仯ǱûǱ仵ϣõǸڸı䡣
ǭZȼԣ룬¶Цݣһ
šյ˵ͷҲٶ˵ʲôҾȥϢСˡʱ䣬ӦҲҪ˰ɣҾͲݴˡ
š
ոûãǭZȼӵԷĵ绰
ڵ绰Է˵˷˴͹ԼһԣɷʱԼһԷһԼڷԷ︽Ĳȥ
áǭZȼӦַԺ󣬱˵绰
̫⣬⧲񡭡ǭZȼͲ֪һƽܹάֶ೤ʱ䣬̬һֱǡùҹܶһѾһֶˡ
֪ʲôʱƽᱻƣƽֽ֮츲صı仯
ֻ󡭡ϣǸѵجΣᷢ
лҪ˵
ǡ
˼ǰ׼ҲŰæûܼʱ¡
ҶпȷġһֱڿŰ·ϣš
ʵҾãŰҲŰˡ
üŴҲܷ֣С̬кܴת䡣
ԺʵҲôŰˡ
ңҲдŰϾС˵λأ
Ȼ˵һ£һ»д͸ա
Ȼ»صССZ
Ϊк󲿷ˡ
һһãС
Ŀǰ뷨ǣһãд£һ£Ͼе鶼ͬʱġ
ɶ뷨ӭۣҶῴա
˵ƪղӡ
ƪԺٿĵĻȿղضƪ
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199 
ôС㡣Ϣҵ, õԺ˽ȥ, վԱ, ͷ, ĹǿӦûðɣе۵ĻһҪҡʱ仹ͦԣ, ôϣʵٶҲǿԵġ
վ°λ̸, ô˵Ҳ˼Ҹˮ, Ȼ˵Ͽ, Ҳıʵûʱ, Ҳǡһֱôæ, ڴģΪԼԵʣҲδһӦεĴ԰ɡ
, СհСգҲ̫С˰ɣбƳһ¸, ժ¶һ, Ϊ, Ҿʵʵ˵ˣٶȣ㲻ǿȺܴ󰡣۸żϽȵҶ˵ʵεͨ, ҵûнӴ֮࣬˳Ϣ
׸յ˼ôϰˡ
Щһֱڸǿȹ°ģҲ㲻ʲôģȵ彥ϰǿ֮󣬷ǳɾһı죬ܹٵʱĹҲûʲôõġ
ңҲûаοյ˼ϵǿȣԣĵȷȷ㲻ʲô
۾ͺáЦرȣһԵ£ͿƵȡ¶ʲôġ
˵ջϢһȦ߽ʱѾùԱȥˣ˵Լ߾ͿˣҲ˵һЩϢֻʣˣλСء
һ㶣ȡεĶҲһ٣漴ͻȻЩ䵭úõʲôѵô
ûСҾ͡ʰһ˵ȷʣΪ֮ǰһֱӰôţƤһճ㡣
มȡΣ˵ͷڲڣӦûҰ˺ܶɡ֮ǣ治ڣð˰ɡ
Ҳ˼תתȻǲ̫ϲȻҲôҾˡҵܹóСͦһģСҲ
Ļû˵˵ϣһܹ˼ֻһԼĲ룬ƣȥʱ򡭡˵ʧˣǸʧˡ
պŮ⣬һ㡭ӸеʱѾ˽ˡ
ϾǸʱԼ˵Ҫ̽һ£磭֮ĹϵԲǸ˭ûȷĽ綨Էģ磭
ҲΪʲôջµʱȻܹüšŮŮ֮ġѧԴ
û˵ֻøյԴ߽˸ſʼ·˳ԣҲ̫Ȥ˰ɡ
Ȼһֱȫͬһʱæûһ緹ҲмֻͬͬʱҲҪȥæһЩĹԼǰȥ缸ǸոһԷ
㻹˭յνðɣǲˣѲɡҪԼСһ𣿡
ûеõĻӦվڸҵſڣüʱȴһ˲š
ѾԼ·Ӹ˳ԸյͷһֵҪһֱ
ǳˣΪ˲Ӱ쵽Ӱ飬ʶȤĽ⡣
ҿɴȥѧ㹫˾ôһ˿һģա
һԷտ˿ʱ䣬Ӧûʲô⡭ǳ극ϻԺϾûжʱϢˣֱӽ㹤û𣿡
û˰֣Ÿȥͣ
ڸտȥϵ·ϣŸյĵ绰ͨ˺ĺ롣
ա绰ͷôˣ
ûµĻͲ𣿡ɤӣģŸյش
˶٣һƵ绰ͷ˵˵ݣС㡣
ǣôʶ˰εķ˸ۣй˵Ľİʧˣ֮Ĭһδһ㶼棬֮ǰ˵ˣƺҡСͺá
Сǡյֻɣôˣ֮ǣôԸԼ绰
ڿԲǺܷ㡣ϵ·ϣһ緹֪ûпأ
翴ոոֻͣԥһӵʱ䣬Ӧпգáûԡ
ǺãʮӺ󣬺ϴ¥ģԺϸĻҲһ˽ģΪѧڼпʼںϹпյĻҲԼһԷֻҲѾǺЩǰˡ
ȸͣóԺŸһ߽˲İ䣬ȻߵıҲһֱţֻŽˡ
С㡭ͼ˵İɡտ̾;òԾ˲˵䶼ǰԤˡҪ˵Ԥıɲš
˵ôԸյһ裬ǳһ緹ǰԤλӣҲûʲô

ûã㰴ĵַˡ
кԺ󣬲ˣ㿪ʼһԷ֮Ȼ㲻ͣҲǳԵ졣
Ǹദˣʱʱһȥ֮Ҳ˹ͬ⡣
ڼ䣬뿪һСȥһϴּ䡣
뿪Ժ󣬺Ĭ˺һڵС㡭֮ǰ˵Ӹ𣬾͸ʶˣ԰ɣ
ǣûͷ
šôʣЩͻҺ֪˶٣ǹյǰΡһʲôӵء
ûмŻش⣬豭˺üڲ裬ӦôȥǻȽϺã㡭ôͻȻء
١ȥ顣ȵĲ豭ڣһ㲻֪룬ȡůƵģʱ򡭡ұֳһЩʱҲֻװɵŪҡ֪һҲӦִ̫Ĺȥ
ȻųĬҲ˵ûд㽫ȥгĿǰӦôͣҲûá
ֻǡҵĴ翴Щ̽ѰĿ⣬ܾáԭӡ֪ǲǡǰйء
աǸհĻشҲһЩҶ˼һ˳ɳĹУкܶྭЩøãΪɫˣδءһǸǰйصġȻô˵ʵϣĻȻأûзϣյ״ǰ޹ء
㿴ղǻôĻûϾ֪һܹ鵽Ҫشټ̫Ļúģ˵գһС룬ձյĴҲռźܴԭ򡣡
ԡС˼˵ָŲ豭ߣóƺ̫ϸµȥ⣬㡭ǰε飬𣿡Դи̫ԼȨ׿ʡ
һζĻشҪõöࡣ
Ŵҧҧ⻰ɻûش˵ǵֱͬƭ磬˵Ļָ绹ȥ顭
֨ѽſˡ
մϴּˣ


ڣֻʣһĬ
ô˵ˣ΢㶣ҸղŽʱ򣬿ĵòͦȻôú׽Ǻõ
ûʲôֻڸ۹ϵеļ㳶һӣŸһ֪ƺûвӣʵ˵ڿǡҪҪԼ̸ݸ
Ϊ֪ͻȻôʵġԭʲô
԰΢Цŵͷû뵽ҸС۹ôһ¡ȻոԸԲ˵Ŀǰûнղ̸֮͸¶յĴ㣬ﰵһ
ǸðЦģǰͺܺϵˣǶƷ۹⣬ǶĿҲܽغǰһ
ҿҲԵò˰ɡ˿ʱ䣬ڸոϻӰһҲҪʼˡ
߰ɣѾˡһȥͣ
ͣ˺ϴ¥ͣڡ
ϳǰͻȻס
ţתؿ
ȻڸջӦʱ򣬺ֱס
һĻʶȤԼȥҵ˸յĳ˽ȥ
ô
ʲô
ղ̫˼ȴҲ˳ֻ§ʡ
ڣǸˣ˭
Цһ漴ش˵㡣ˣ㡣㣬˭ܹҵء
ң˭
磬硣
硭˭
šشüȴǻش˵ô
š΢΢һЦ漴ſ˸յ壬ˡ
ǡԵĻн𣿡
ûС

ӦԺ󣬸վãƺˣǺЦֺģǹô
ǳǳһ䣬ССĶ硣
ȥɡߴŸ뿪ҵ°ҡ
áյͷ漴ںĿ֮£뿪
ڸ뿪֮󣬺ǵЦ⣬ʧ
лҪ˵
ǡ
һ¸ĶһЩ
һСZС㡣
⣬ҿ˼һ±˼
šʱȡʵ˼ģҿ뿴
²Էһῴա
Լ졣



200 
û, ǭZȼ㰴Է֪ĵַ, ϵ˲, Ӱ︽, Ҳûʱ䡣
߽ͿԷ㳯, ñ飬˹ȥ
Էһߡ
ǭZȼߵһ, Ƴһ, ѡ˷߿ճλá
Է㿴һĻ, Ĭû˵
ôҪʲôǭZȼùһԵĲ˵, ҲĶ, ӦûͦǵĿζġ
ҺѾòˣǷҲˡԷµӡֽݸ
ԷӹԺ΢һ, ûʲô⣬Է֪Ŀζ, ĳԵ, ûʲô, ԸҵģҵȻ
衭ôͻȻҪһ緹ǭZȼӡֽŵһߣˮѹš
ôҪԼһԶٷҪԭַڲ, ͷǭZȼ
ûСǭZȼ˼ЦЦⲻǡһô
䲻ҡҡͷ˵֮ǰ˵ЩҪ죬뿪һôΪϵ鵢һӣոմͷϵ飬Դͻ뿪С
Էɣְֲڼңһ˳Ҳͦû˼ġԷ㿪Ҳпգٷʢġ
ˣһ극һûؼʰһ£ҵ˯һķɻԼǰðĲ˼ڣѵݼ٣ͺúõһ¼ڰɣαԼôأеͣ鷳
ⲻǿҪ뿪У᲻ôԷסԼ֣żζ
֪ġԷסԼֱֵο¶Цݡ
裬Ҫ뿪ðǭZȼʱ䣬ĻμӵǸ̻ҲӦÿˣְֿҮ
һܡֻǷıعƣϾ뿪һܵ飬ͷĹ̫࣬æĻż뿪ʮ죬һܵʱ䣬ԾͱȽƽȻҲܸ̾ˡ
ǵʱ򣬰ְӦҲ˰ɡǭZȼʱ䡣
һܡ
һܣһҲ˵
ܹú÷һܡ
ΪټϷҲæԵʣʵϣ󲿷ֵʱ䣬סԷġ
ǰÿڼң̧ͷͷȴҪԼܹ̫ܵѹ֣Է㵥һȻҪġ
ǣȵԺҲܹڸĸƤӵԷ˰ɡ
ȥҲ
㡭ͷ䶼æǣĿǰ֮䴦ڱ״̬ĹϵܹҪСһЩġ
ĻӦǰɡͨʱԼ˵Ĺ⣬ְ˵̻˵ʱ򣬾ͻؼˣֻĿǰΪֹس̵ľʱ仹ûж
šǭZȼײһЦԵЩɬѣҲϵĲ͵عһˮϣⱭƽζİ׿ˮ嵭ŵǵĿɬС
Է㲶׽ǭZȼɬЦݣشüšܹµǭZȼЩʲô
ý²ɫǭZȼǭZȼˣ̧ͷȥöרעߣ۾
ڷҲԱߣԷû˵ЩοǭZȼĻ㳯¶һοЦݣڸûϵ
ǭZȼ䴽ǣʧҲǻů˼֡
ĸŮ˾һ
˲͵㡣
˱Ӧ÷ǳǢ͵ĳ͵ģȻֻԵһ룬ȴһ֮͡
Է㡣
˺Լ֣Է㱾ܵѭȥѰǸ˵Ӱǳ껷壬ϵıһ
ǭZȼǵ˺ܶ࣬Ϊ֪ǳ껷ˣֻڵ֣ⲻһ١
䵹Ǿʣ롭껷ԼŮ֮䣬ʲôʵеܺ档
ôԷҧƵؿ˵
·û뵽Ͱ̡껷վڲԣһˣĿǭZȼ֮ʱһ٣ЦſԷ㣬λСС㣬Ҳڰ
ǲǺ졣ԷüΪ껷ĿŵľվڲһԣΧⲻͶһЩ̽ѰĿ⣬ܲ㣬ҪҸҵļò͡
껷һ㶣ȻóԷģҲ⣬ĿҲ漴һЦʵҲ̻ġáһòֻͣһֱϽҵĵ绰ҲҲ㣬ҵȻǲԸŹġ
껷廰˼ˣȻ껷Ҳɡ껷վڲһԣʵЩˣΪһҲŸ˼ߡ
ˣҾͲˣԷ㲻ˡлл̵ĺ⡣껷ЦЦԷԷ㣬̸̸ɡ
ûաԷ㲻©ɫ껷ԶһЩ뿪
㲻Ը̸Ļû뿪ɡ껷ʼղЦݣνֲЦˣͲһֱЦݣԷôȻһֱЦݵĻǷҲûڴ֮ͥ߰ɡ
óԷԳ껷Դ֮ľܾҲó껷岻ĿĲݵ˵ʵΪһһŮ磭ԣ̫ϲ껷⸱ģ˾úֻκڹڳϣҲܹ̫
Է㿴ų껷ģ̲סüʵһֱҪһ껷˵־ûʲôҪˣȥ˵ֻǡǭZȼҲڣĶ棬ǭZȼͷĬĬŶģ޷ڴӦ㡭Ǿ߳껷塣
ȥɡǭZȼһŵĻ֮°س棬еĵ棬̧Է˵ȥɡ
Է㿴ǭZȼ޲ı飬΢΢㶣ȴʼǿҵ
һֱҲû취⡣ǭZȼ΢΢Էེŵߣ൱ƽ
ԷŴû˵
ȻԷġáô˵ˣ硭͸һӣȥҸط̸̸ɡ껷ץסᣬæ˵
ԷҧҧĿޱǭZȼ漴˵ͷá
뿪ǰǭZȼһۣűų껷뿪ˡ
ˣԷɣ衣ǭZȼɣõĶԷ˵Ӭˣ԰ˡ
šЩģȽϵԷ㣬˿ûвǭZȼ˿ı仯԰ɡ
ѾˡǭZȼָָԼյӣ裬ȥһϴּ䡣
ޣá
֪ԺǭZȼ뿪λȥϴּ䡣
ŵĲһ±һ³ء
ղţ֣Էƿˡ
ǭZȼߵϴּ䣬ҵһŵĸ䣬š
ؽгҪŭ˻ĵıԼܣȫй
ȴֻסԼͣҧԼݡ
ճȭͷһһµشϣûоȵȭͷһһµĻŸš
Ϊûȶˡˡ
߽ϴּһԱ߸Ҳŭһ񾭲漴뿪ϴּ䡣
ǭZȼʼֻǳĬųŰ·ֻģܹʹһ֡
֣Ѿûֻ֪ǴѭĿƣظͬһ
һͣеĶ
һĿڸϣ˳ű˵ϡ
ҪĻҿԸɡ
š
һŬģԸ
лҪ˵
ǡ
һЩ˼ѣ
ţЩеİȿе㲻⡭
涼ġ
ֻĿǰû͸д
ΣЩ飬ʵССû˵
СZģΪСģҲûиС㡣
˶û̹ϲ˵ﻰ
šܽľֻЩ
֮СZС㡣



201 
Էվڲ, ע͸ĲͶ䵽뿪ǭZȼϡ
ǭZȼ뿪λʱıӰ, ĵǲѡ
Щ, ǭZȼղƿ
û, ҲûжȰοĻԼų껷, Լ껷ԼദԽԷԽ
ֻʮӵʱ䡣ǿѹĵҪ籡ŭ, ԼõĽԳ껷˵
˵껷Ծɴһ˿Ц, ָָ·, Χˣϣ֮ͥ, ̸ô˽˵ô
ν, ֻԷ㡭껷֣ᣭ㶵üԷ㡣

ԷŴ, ҧݣעһΧ, ·߹ʱƮ̽ѰĿ, һ, ϣԼֱֽܹǵĻ߰ɡ
ð껷ԣǵĻȸˣЦŸԷ
Ϊﱾһҵ֣ҪڸһĲ, ԷһԱȽϰĿȵ꣬˽ȥ
һڿȡ껷Ժ󣬾Ȼ˲˵һȵģ˵ݸ˷Ա󣬱ѯԷ㣬ء
ءԷϾܾˣ񣬡㻹а˷ӡ
˷ӣ껷̧ͷνӣãȻԷʱ䡭
С㡣Էų껷ĳƺ
ãС㡣껷Է¶ĺ⣬Ҿͳ˵ˡ
Է㿴ų껷壬Ŀޱ顣
֮ǰ̸۹飬ϣܹӦ
ܡԷ㼸شնҼǵã֮ǰѾܾˡ
𡣡껷΢΢ҡҡͷܾôáԷ㡭ע⵽ԷԼָ˳ƺС㡭ֻҪǵʱѣƺлء
ĻҲ˵ԷԸ껷ʱ䣬һΪ껷һֱԱ߲ߣò͵˴ţΪе㵣ĳ껷˵©죬֮ǰʱ̸۹˵
Է㲢ҪǭZȼ̸֪ݡ
ֻҪ˵Ļû̸ȥıҪԷվ׼뿪
𡣡껷һ㶼ģǡСļ֪ĻҲûйϵ𡣡
Լ飬ΪʲôһҪݡԷҧԭλ
ʱԱ˳껷һڿȡ
лл껷лԺ󣬱Ǳڿȣش߱ƮɢŵźһڣţĿζһô㰡
ԷüǼ飬㲻ҵĻҲұ˵ģΪʲôһҪҲš
Ϊ㳤úÿ껷ЦЦ
㾿ô
ܼ򵥣Ӧҵ껷еĺڿȣ΢΢Ҳ¶ı飬ұ֤㵣ĵ飬ᷢ
ԷЩƲסԼŭ⣬ܡ˵ˣǼ飬ҲܴӦġұ˰ɡ
ôҸ尢Ҳ𡣡껷üëӦòǡʺ尢֪ɡ
ֻҪӦҵҡͬҲúõ㣬ð̴ĻɣǺܺݵĺҲô
ܡԷʼûиıĴ𰸣ҵȷǲϣ֪ǡ飬ΪҪЮҵİѱΪ˶٣ȴûнĻ˵ȥôһԼ׿ڸǡ
˵ԺԷվŲ뿪֮ǰһ仰Ժ󣬲Ҫٳǰˡ
󣬱ͷҲص뿪ˡ
껷忴Է뿪ıӰмЦˡ
Է𲻴ӦνˣĿġѾﵽˡ
껷ȣǱڿȼš

šҲǸʱɡ
Ǹ磬ԼԷ㣬ʿȣ˽˵ԷԼᡣ
֪ʲôءԷʱ䣬Լˣǹ֮ǰϺ飬룬ѾȷˣȨȥǼ˭֣ԣҶٴΣûá
Է㣬ˡ껷ڰ֣ҽԼΪϴε顣
ǡ
껷תת۾ȵ˰ɣʱ䣬ӦҲû԰ɡǱ߳ԱģΣҲǡΪϴεͻ˵ݸԷ㣬¶޺Цݡ
Է㱾ܾɳ껷ͻﶼ˼̬Ѿŵ㹻ͣҲû취ȥ˼ҵӦǡðɡ
Ժ
ʲôءԷȲļղŵĻ⣬˵ʵҪͳ껷ʲôϵͽӴҲ껷ܸԼʲôչ֮ģֻ뾡Ǳ˴֮ĿܻϵٷӦþͲټˡ
šӦáԷ˽°ɡô˵ʵ̫ܲãҵȷûð˼껷˵Щί񣬡ʵ֮ǰȷĽ˼ҵҲ֪˽˽㣬ײһЩ飬ҡ
껷˵ô֣ȴûصģԷһͷˮ
껷óָֻֻӫĻϻü֮󣬽ֻת򣬵ݸԷ㿴

Էȥֳ껷ֻӫĻһƬƬǣǭZȼ
ǣ֣ǭZȼ
ԷǵãǭZȼȥԼᣬһʱ֮ûпסȻ棬ǭZȼʱʱûоܾ
û뵽һĻ˿ؼǡ˻ϳƬһʱ֮䣬ԷЩ
껷ûԼֻֻӫĻּ˼£㽫ֻŵһߡ
Է㡭ġá֮䡭껷ûаѻ˵ȥ
Էò׼껷ƬݸǸʲô˼̷ȻҸһ£ǳ顭Ĭһ֮󣬡Ҳ׳˼Ҫȷϳ껷ͼʲô
ʵ֮ǰҦСͳĻϼǴΣԷӦҲˣҵļˡҲڴߴңһʵĶȻ顣껷建˵ʵϡԷĽĻҵļˡҲҸӷģҵԡ
ԣԷ۾
㲻ҪᣬȻҳϣ֮ǰȷĽ㡣ӲáȻ㡭ƳһƬϵһǣѾĻȻٶκεķǷ֮롣ұ֤浽˽
ˣ˵ôǰ׺ҵ˼Ѿ㹻ˡ껷ҲټȦˣ֪㣬ܲܡٰһҵŮءڵĵزֻ˫ĸǰӣܹ˵õҪģ㡭Ҳܹܡ롭尢̱ҲƵͦİɣҲܹȼü֮Ǳ˴˵Ӧһ˫Ӯ顣
˵ʵԷ֮ܺ䷢չʲôȻǸãȻеĻҲν
Է㱾ˣ껷еģԷ㱳ļͥԴﵽԼͥλĿġ
ȻŮ磭٣ǡԷ㣬ͥ㣬ۺŮ磭ȴôңټϡԷ㱾ӦҲҪİæŶԡ
Լ󣬶˼ֳɹġ
˼˵Ҽװ㽻𣿡Է׵˳껷˼Ǳ˴ˣΪԷϵһ룿𣿡
ԷȻ껷΢΢һЦû˼

ãĲˡԷĬһ̣ŲͳеĲˡ
ûϵǡֻһ¡ϣ㲻Լڵѡ񡣡껷忴Էԥ
ǣ
ûҪʱĻܿǡ껷ҲȳԷɡ
Էӵһ̣Ժ֮гǭZȼЦط˿ӣ֣صĶԳ껷˵ԲҲܴӦллƬңҲϣܹܣһܸмġ

㲻尢֪ô껷ͼŬֻҪӦңҿȫ㣬ҲκصΪ尢̲֪Ҳѹô
㣬Ҹĸ֪ô
껷һ㶣һ˻ش𣬡ᡣ
лл㡣Է¶мЦݣִűǸ˵ܾҺܱǸܸܹʶ㡣ǳлһЩûд꣬ˡ٣ɡǶΪұܵĸл
˵ԺԷͷ΢΢һЦԼİǰ̨ȥˡ
Ժһ뿪˲
껷忴뿪ıӰҡҡͷϵֻ㿪һۡ
ѡءС㡣
껷¶һζЦݣ㿪ʼԹԵس

ǵڶΣԷܾ
껷εҡҡͷ
᱾ֻһΣΡ
ȻѡˣҪ۰
ҿӡһУ֮а
лҪ˵
ǡ
еѣ
Ҽ극Ҳе
дա
һ¾˵һ£껷ΪʲôץС㲻š
ȻбĿģڲ˵
֮ա



202 
ǭZȼһϴּĵذ, ֪˶, ֻķŴ, Ȼعʱ, ŽֳŵذϣʹԼվ
߳С, ֳϴϣžԼ, ͻȻ֮áԼ, ЩʶԼˡ
ǭZȼȻһ, Լϵı飬˳һԼš
뿪ϴּʱ, ȴԷϴּ, ӭԼ
һ̣ǭZȼֻӣ֪, Ӧʲôӵı飬ȥԷ㡣

˵ϴּ˺ܾ, 㡣Էе㵣ǭZȼ״̬, ߽ϴּͿǭZȼɫԵĲ̫, лҪ˵ģһͰ˵Ļˣ岻ô
Ӳ̫ǭZȼ㳶һɣȻҲýһϴּôڸ
ӲԷüͷ, ôǲղųԶԵ̫ˣӲųԵ̫ˣ˵ͳ궫ˡȥǭZȼĶӣظš
ûûǭZȼ̫Ȼ׽סԷϵ֣ȻֻǸ·ƺܹܵĴȣڡ̫ô㲻źۼƿԷֶֻ֣ͨӶѡ
𣿡Է㻹ǲ̫ŵӣڶӻô
û¡ǭZȼſԷ֣漴˰־ܾȥɣ˵ȥ͸ˡ˵˵ţԷ߲ȥ
Է㿴ǭZȼ뿪ıӰôôŤʵлҪǭZȼ˵ġ
ôϴּôð΢΢һЦ
ԷղŻԺ󣬾Ͱȥ򵥵ĸ˼䣬Ȼȥ˲ܹ÷֪Ĳ֣˵ֻΪ÷䰲ĶѣϾղ˵ҲῪʣǻԼ˵ȻһЩԼ̫شͲˡ
Ӳ̫ǭZȼ˵Ժ·׷ʲôٻشôˣʵ˵Ĳ̫˵ҡϴּտʼʱе࣬Ŷ
ǿž񣬱ЦݼģеЩᡣ
ԭ˵ͷǳһúóԶٷĸŮ̸̸ĵģû뵽úõһôƻˡ֮ǣʵҲ̫ϲղų껷ֵǸӡ
Բ裬ɨˡԷ㱧Ǹ˵Щŭ껷ͻȻ֣ղŵ顭һǭZȼеˡ
ûϵԺеǻᰡǭZȼȻ¶ЦݣЦŰο㻹û԰ɣ͵㶼Щˣٵ㼸µİɡѲ˵ݸԷ㡣
ˣҲ㷽ǭZȼԷģڷǭZȼˣﻹʲôʳأټϳ껷Ľ֣Ū⣬Ӳˡ
俴һԷ㣬ղŸԼ˵ЩҲûʲôʳҲԾˣһĻЩĶ԰ɡ
š
ǡǭZȼͷȻ˶ûǭZȼҲνˣȥˡ˵㰴°ťзˡ
ԺƺΪ껷Ĵţ˵鶼Ӱ졣
ҾȻȥˡһ߳˲վڽֱߵ
ȥɣúüมְֿǺڴı֣ɱʧม䲻ΪԼŮʹ
šǭZȼ䴽ǣû˵ʲô
Һ㻹Ҫȥ
šˡ
ǭZȼ²̫ߵӣ˵ԵñȽƽֻҲΪ껷ĴܵӰ죬Ҳû̫¡
ǭZȼת뿪ȥҲԷ׼뿪
裬һ¡ԷȴߣסǭZȼûüӦʱһֻסĶ䣬΢΢żյǭZȼĶ˵°֮ҪؼรлҪ˵
ǭZȼֻöһȣܹԷ˵ʱɢĺ˻ûüӦԷ·𻹴ڵ֮УӦԷ㻰˼ʱȴԷƺҧĶ䣬ͻܾٶ̲סӡ
ΪԷġͻϮǭZȼ˲˹ʶԷҧĶʱ򣬱ʶȥ䣬漴ֽתԷϡ
ʱԷѾ뿪ǭZȼĶ࣬˶վǰˡ
ǭZȼͣ˵Щʲôȴʲôû˵ϡʺ˵ЩԴ˿̵Եر޴롣
ԷȴʲôûзһֻǭZȼ˫ۣһЦˣȥɡ˵ǭZȼ
Ȼ󣬱߻صߣס֣뿪ˡ
ôˣղŸȼȼ˵ʲôˣͷȥԼŮ
ٺ٣ûʲôԷֻŴء
Ҳ˵𣿡мֲȻǹģˡ
Һȼȼ֮ġܡԷ˵㲻ٻشˡ
εЦЦҲ׷ȥŮˣ֮ЩԼС̫ˣֲûЩСŮʱŮ֮ܲҪøĸ֪Ҳ֮е飬ǳܹ⡣
ǭZȼȴԭأԷŷ뿪ıӰûȺ֮УŻع
ôܡôǭZȼһվڽֱߣ
ԽԽ㲻Էˡ
һ˾Ȼÿİı㵱칫ټϽ죬ڷڳ֮¶ʹ۵ġС
ԷЩΪǭZȼе⡣
ҪĹǺͻɵô
ǡòײ¶ģҪŬİ
˼Ǻαء
Ѫô

ԡĻô
ΪھΡô
ǭZȼ֣ͷԼĶ࣬ɢԷʱ£֮䴥ָоƺҲܹоֻǡȴ޲ˡ
˾ǻڴܶĶڴˣȻҲףܹڴȻҲʧ䣬ʲôζ
ԣ㲻ڴˡ
ʳָĴָָĦԼ΢΢췢̵Ķ£漴غһѡת뿪
ȵصֳʱ򣬲ŷѾλ㿪ʼˣߵյߣ˼һˡ
ޣ˰û¶ڹԱҲŸովλѣ
ˣЧͼѾˣҸղŴԵķһ£оⲻ㿴һ°ɡհƽЧͼҳ棬ݸǭZȼ
ۡĲҮǭZȼ߿߱ͣרҵеרҵ
ˣһֱñӰ̲סЦˣǭZȼһһէģȻЩƬЧĵȷȷǺܲˣʱҲúܾޡ
ǰ֪һһ£رվֳһԹۿ״˽⵽Ͷô㡣
Ҳû˵ǭZȼƽЧͼ̧ͷȥӰӰ󰡣ѹôꡣ
͵ճ˳ǭZȼӣҪСˣɲֵ֪ÇNɪˡ̲סȻȷЇNɪʱˡ
NɪҲӦðϾȷʵǺܰǭZȼĬĬأԼ֣ճӵʱڲ䵽ֱһۡ
ôˣղǭZȼĲԾʶĵͷһ֣ȻΪЩӰԵʣ߲̫㣬̫ȴԵĸоǭZȼʶĲ֡
ûʲôǡǭZȼתԼװչǵģ
üƳһۣĿеζȻһ룬ץסǭZȼ֣㻣˭ء
֡տǭZȼֱϵ˺ۣĿøһʱ֮䲻֪˵ʲô
ûǭZȼ̫ڵģԼ֣ϵı鲻̫ÿȻҲע⵽ϵıһôÿ
ڸʲôüʳһֱʵĻ
иʲôóԳԣúȺ¡ǭZȼԲش⣬Իش൱ܡ
㡭
ڸ뱬һ¼ȥʱǭZȼֻȴ壬塣
ҽӸ绰ǭZȼֻзŵǰ˻Σ漴ߵһߣûһ߻˵˾е飬Ҫϻȥһ£ｻ㣿
û⣬ȥɡ˵ֲ꣬ĵסǭZȼûöУָָ֡ǭZȼֱϵ˺ۣ֮ҪԼ촦һ£ҩʲôġ
֪ǭZȼڳһϣˡƣԼİȡ˳˾ϡ
ôʲôճݿڣѾſڣļ߱߸ˡ
ã֪ˡļңһᴦġǭZȼԼİ칫ҷߣͬʱͷһʱ䣬ˣС鷳ٵһˮ
õġ
ǭZȼص칫Ժ󣬱רĵĿļڼˮͽԺ󣬾ͳȥæˡ
ʵϵⲢ󣬱Ͼļûǩ֣Ҳ˵иĵأ⼸ļеϣʵʱ仹еȵġ
ȵǭZȼԺоԼ۾Ҫˣ̲סĦԼü䣬һƣ͡
Ŀ˺һղ鵹ˮ飬ȥñӣϱڵһ̣ŸоˮѾˣʼ΢΢
ǭZȼεҡҡͷⱭѾ΢ˮţ룭аɫСһȥ
ɫС·Żأ룭ʱ۽ǵ˱ַĻɫţƤֽһݡûĻɫţƤֽ
ǭZȼĿͣü룬ջֽ˳
˻ɫţƤֽһЩƬһֱ¼ʡ
ǭZȼ¼ʣУ˲ż
ÿ޴ʱ򣬾ͻ

֡¼ﴫ˵
Է㡭ġá֮䡭
Ҳ׳˼
ʵ֮ǰҦСͳĻϼǴΣԷӦҲˣҵļˡҲڴߴңһʵĶȻ顣ʵϡԷĽĻҵļˡҲҸӷģҵԡ
ԣ
㲻ҪᣬȻҳϣ֮ǰȷĽ㡣ӲáȻ㡭ѾĻȻٶκεķǷ֮롣ұ֤浽˽
ˣ˵ôǰ׺ҵ˼Ѿ㹻ˡ֪㣬ܲܡٰһҵŮءڵĵزֻ˫ĸǰӣܹ˵õҪģ㡭Ҳܹܡ
˼˵Ҽװ㽻𣿡
ԷȻ
㣬Ҹĸ֪ô
ᡣ
лл㡣
롭尢̱ҲƵͦİɣҲܹȼü֮Ǳ˴˵Ӧһ˫Ӯ顣
ҡӦллƬңҲϣܹܣһܸмġǱ˴ˣΪԷϵһ롣
ȳԷɡ
٣ɡǶΪұܵĸл
֡Ի

ǭZȼֻľګ¼ĶԻݣЩԻѾһΡ
ϤܹĶԻˡ
ǡû뵽Ľ
ʼķŭƽϢʧ䣬ֱڣѾľ
ʵ˵ѹ
ǳѹ
ʹѾظˣҲǻѹ
ֻǡģȴˡ
ôðɣֻҪԷҪģܹԷ֮⣬ôء
ʲôˡ
Ѿʲô
ˡ


203 
˼, ܼæ, ܽȥͻȻһ, ڼ϶
, ߿
ĲС
ǭZȼעĶûüŪʲô, Ŷ룬˴˿̵ƽ
ϵܼࣿ
ԡǭZȼһ, 漴¼սɫţƤֽ, ˰, ʲôô
ŭŶˣԱߵһ, û˵
ǭZȼл˵, ְбڳͿˣȳȥ, ˳㵹ˮλ
õġ˶٣ͷ, ȥˮȥˡ

ûһ, 鵹ˮͽԺ, 뿪ˡ
ȵ˴ţ˲ſ˵Լ⡣
ǭZȼ˺һ֪֮ǰһĿĳнӷΪԼ
˼Ҵˣ, ֮һһ𸴡ǭZȼȥʣµľǵصļ嵱ʱ˭ִ
ô㣿λʿǭZȼ̬ͦãԴҲ΢ֻͣüȴһû١
ҵƬǭZȼԼƬݸҲ֪ǹ˾ĵַܲܵɣģ֮ڣһһĽԲ
ʿԼеƬ̧ǭZȼһ¶˵ã㡣
šȥϢɣһϵ㡣
ȵЩ¶ԺǭZȼ̾˿ɵ°ʱ䡣
úðȥͣȡ˳㿪ؼҡ
ֻһ·϶򿪳ΧһȺˣﻹţôôˣ°ʱҲô³ɡ
Ͳôãټһֱ³ԵʣŪǭZȼøӷʮӵĳ̾ȻʮӣصԷʱ򣬶Ѿߵˡ
һˡǭZȼŰһƣš
һţɵſڡ
ȥڵıĲùһӻ˲˼ǭZȼûӦô¶ע⵽ԷŲ̴ӳ߳
Է֮ǰ͸ǭZȼ绰ʲôʱܻǭZȼʵ·ϴ绰Էûж˵ʲôֻĵظҪһ㡣
Է֪ǭZȼ³ʱͣһǭZȼˡ
šǭZȼЬ˿ɳϣߵǰ£ŷ֡ͣ񡭡ֻ͵ӡ
һԷ㣬ԷЦӣЩ׽͸Է˼Ĭ
ʵ룬ԷЩΪֲʲôô
ǡܵӰ죬
ʱոպáԷں˲;ߣҲӣǭZȼԱ
졭ôôʢǭZȼһĲɫоʾ˼ǿҰ
ţáƽͳԵĺͨ𣿡
ûаֻǾáеֶѡǭZȼεգΪƽͳԵıȽϡš嵭
ţ졭⡣
Ϊʲô
ǭZȼ׷ʣԷһôĿǭZȼ˫ۺóʱ䣬˶û˵
ǭZȼԷעӵЩڣ㲻ͣգ۾һߣһƿ۾ԵЩ޴롣
㡭֪ʲô𡣡Էƽһ˿ʵĿ˵
ʲôӣǭZȼͣûڼ֪
Է̲סЦˣЩֵ˼ɸĴǱǭZȼЦģ֪˵ʲôźãȳ԰ɣһ֪ˡ
มǭZȼľګĵ˵ͷ𵶲㿪ʼţţһԷֵ֮ʳ滹ڷ˺ÿţԷôô̫鰡
ΪЩǭZȼġ
Է㱾ҲڰţţȴʶȥǭZȼһƳƼǭZȼֱϵĲˡ
ܹµЩ˺۲ԭΪǼɡ
аɡߣǭZȼֱϵĲƿùǭZȼǰĲ͵㣬ʼһһİţֱÿһ鶼гɸպڵĴС
ȻкԺûоͲ͵㻹ǭZȼԼĲ;ߣʼǭZȼιʳ
ǭZȼüûоܾԷ
ѵǵĻᣬҲûбҪܾ
ǭZȼſͽԼιÿһʳ£Էһ˵С
ˣ㲻˵Ҫ˵𣿡ǭZȼ߽ʵ
ꡣԷ㲻Ըƴ˿̾׵ĸоʳָ΢΢ԼĴߣǭZȼҪЦŻش˵һ¸㡣
׿ڸ֮ǰҪȱһظС
Է밡ڣѡ߳һ
ĿܺͺѡѡͲѡ֮й
ڣԸΪǭZȼΪǱ˴֮ĸ飬¸ҵһ
ȻʹǴʱ˿̣ģǻЩ뺦£ЩǭZȼֵһˡ
ֽǰסġ
Ϊʲôǰʱء
ʵڻԷŷ֡ηӱܣǭZȼϡֹôֵ࣬ı顣
Щ֣ԼģʵǲӦãҲ̫Բˡ
ôˡǭZȼųţ㷢Է㿴Լ۾ˣЩԣʶ֣գָĦ
ǭZȼôһ˵ԷŷǰģǭZȼôˡ
ǰЩӱܣͻͲԼ
ûԷز˲۽ǵˮЦŸǭZȼ˵۾ɳˣ̫ԡ
ǭZȼ޴ģˣԼ촽ʲôû˵ֻظԷգƺڰο
Էûоܾĸ밲ο
ͽԺԷʰ˲о֣ڼǭZȼһֱߣʲô˵ֻǾҪڰο־οĻ˵ں󣬻Ե̫Īֻա
Ҵȥϴ裬ȥңһԡôԷҵԡҲ棬ǵĸ䡣
ðǭZȼһڴӦ
ߵſڣƿţһԵĿأ򿪵Ժ󣬷ִɫĴϣһġġͣȫõ廨Ļ꣬Ա߻ڷһϵźС
𿪿𣿡
ǭZȼ󣬴Էʶػͷ
졭
˽ڰԷ¶һЦݣ۾Ц⣬ߵǭZȼߣǭZȼգĴЩ᲻ɿ֣ɵСZ
ǭZȼŷӦѹֽôأôˣԭ
𿪿ԷЩڴǭZȼıģЩţ֪᲻ϲԼ
֮ǰ׼ˣֻһֱҲǵͷȥֵʱҲĴѰҺʵ첻ˣҵ˺۵Ķ
šǭZȼϰõĺ˿һһĲ𿪡
һ̣ƺԼغһ𣬼ԷڴĿ⣬ǭZȼҲŽˡ
ֱ˰װǭZȼǳɫĺӣǰǡһģһ
ڿ˲䣬ǭZȼ۾ͺˡ
ǵ
ǰʱԷ͸
һ͸һԷԼŴ
ͬҰοһĵúص񡭡³ǰ
úõģôҲѽԷε򴽣ȥǭZȼᣬǭZȼޣĻررۡ
ûУҾǡ̫ˡһ˲䣬˺ܶܶǰ飬ʧȥԷʹĸоˣ뵽ԷվԼԣһ֡ʧáҸУһǭZȼЩ
ҸϡԷȡһǭZȼԺֶؿǭZȼüۣĴһ䣬Ȼձߣһ£СZ˽ڿ֡
ţǭZȼޣЦܾһ̫ҸˣҸЩʵЩ£һЩҸͻߣšǣûи׼
ɵϡԷ㲻ЦЦ˵һĻõﰡֻҪǭZȼֻܹ֣ҪǭZȼܹúõģ˵ûбЩõˡ
Ÿһ㡭ָҴôԷϾĵǭZȼΪһһģһ
ãǭZȼڴӦɴӰװȡ֣ȴ΢΢ţܽš
ǰʱ򡭡ҲΪԷֻǡԼ˵ΪԷģԷҪġ
һԷվͬλãһζ׷ѰԷıӰˣվԷߣమ
ôÿ𣿡Է㣬ҲýţǭZȼЦ⣬Ҳ̰ĵҪ׶˵佱
Ȼÿ۹ܺãǳÿǭZȼֻĦһһٳ޹˫Է۾ÿĻ㡣
Էţ䴽ǣü֮䶼Ц⡣
ûü˵ʲôͿǭZȼͷ˹
Էϵĵƣ§סǭZȼĲ˳һǡ
лҪ˵
ǡ
ǡ˽ؼ
Ȼʱһ㡣
Ǵ㰴ԭߵģ뵽˽ڡ
ԭĻϣһǡ
һǺСZģţ
һ»Ǹ磬Ҳ˽ؼܲܺ˱
Ϊ˽ڼǣҲԭĻϼӵģһҷġ
⣬Ȼ˽ڹˣǻǡ
ף˽ڿ?ȹ?????ࡡ
ѣһһֻҪѣ

ʵһµĽβ֮СZСӦˡţǶá
ԥƵľддȽУǶá


204 
ΪǳҵĹϵ, 㹤ǰ, 칤Աǰչ
Ͼ˽, Ҳ֪ҵ˼, ȻĹˣҲûбҪǿ´Ҽ
Сȥ, Ҫһô
ˡ֪ܵ˽, һһ, ɲ뵱, ҿɲ뿴ѧ˷
ղ˼ЦЦûзϡ
šҪҰչһôȻ˵յĴڲ, żǲҲӦøո˶һ»ȽϺ, Ҳûʲô
ղյĴڣӰ쵽֮ദķΧȻ˵һȻ, Ҳ鷳ҲҵС˰
㻹ǻŮ, Ůﶼһһ׵ġ̿ҡҡͷ
, Ƿĵôõĺôձͣ, ߸˵ĲҪô
ֻϢ˵Ѿˣһȥġ
ǺðɡȻܾ, Ҳǿ
ҵĳˡ˼ĳˣ򿪳һһģշֿ
Ķ
ǱߡָָĳڵķȻӳˣȴǼ
Сվڳߣ΢΢һЦ
šĲҪءհţղܾչյľȻǶԵİȻҪǴŵġĿɾ˰
հһЦž˵ͷǴк
ע⵽ˣûչֳһ߰ӣҲŸյ˵ͷ
ע⵽Դӿ𣬱һֱվԭأֻó˹ȥֱߵǰ
ǡҾˡļ򣬱ʶȤ뿪ˡ
ȵ뿪Ժ;ĳĬڼ
ֱ˰ȣƺڿվͣ·ϰƵģȷӦ֣ߵߣţ˳ӵ˳΢΢һ
漴Ҳصûü˵
㲻ô֮ǰ뿪ôôˡ
Ҳˣֻǻȥһ顣ЦŽ͵ˣͻ㡣
ңüĻû˵ȥ
ĺ󻰣㡣
Ȼ治˵ҲʣαظԼҲأֻƲƲ죬ȴҲٸ̧ܡ
ȥһط˵ţȥϵ˰ȫ㷢ӣ뿪ͣ
ǿž濪뿪Ÿŷ뿪ġ
ʵᷢͣﳳϾҲһڳϣһбϳƵϣһⲻ˻һɧ
ãӣ֮ദ졣
ճԺ˿ʾʱ䣬ʱ仹磬ȥһ̳ѡ˸ȻҲûԼŮһֱҪĲżܣ˳㻹ĲҲһˡ
ȵһ׼׵Ժ󣬸ǿȥ׶԰գϣͣͣ
ϹʵؾѾʰˣյԸյѶϢ֮󣬱ͣȥ
𡣡ڿؼҵ·ϣշһ·ԡ
ûСҡҡͷûкۣһȤȱȱģҲ˵ԵЩˡ
룬ǲΪΪֹûб̬˽飬Ժ粻̫ˣ
ǰҲй
ǱȽϲšֵġ
Ҫôһʼͱ¶ļֻǣûһʼռȻĻһװɵף䲻⹥䲻úеϲ
ôˣϰߣһ㶼ûб䡣
ȥͣ
šջ˼˳ͬʱҲǣڳյһ˳
ֻǣЩǣ³ʱﻹһһȸߵĲżܣ֮ǰϳʱΪԭԶûע⵽
ôһżܰСյվһߵŸͣóһȥСձڻĲżܣ΢΢һЦ˵ӣպϲء
ţСո˵صͷҵġ
šƫƫͷǷʲô𣬻ܵѧУʦıˣ
תһ룬־òԣԴһ֮ʱ׶԰ʦ֪һЩյ飬ѧУܵ˱Ļ˵֪ܲ
뵽־ԼЩЦյ䣬ҪԼŮżܣѵҪرôǸŮħŮҲɡ
̫ذɣʲô鶼ȥ²һ鱳̫ˡ
߰ɡյŽĲϣߵǵߣ׼뿪ʱͻȻ״һ˵жڳˡ
ʲô
ҲԿҵĿڴȥһº𡣡ֶֻϴͲϣں
ð붼û룬ִӸյĿڴ˳Կױߵߴ˳ӵĺ䡣
仺
ǣյ֣ߵԱߡ
ߣһֱںϡ
翴һѾȫ¶Լǰĺ䣬˻滹һεУ¶ȵĿա
ֻüǣʲôû˵
ֱмһõ廨߷Ŷӵ
ʣµĻаٺϻõһԳС
ôᡭʵ˵ϲ
Ļǣյ֣һؼҰɡں￴Ц⣬˵Ѿ㹻ˣû˵ЩĻһ»дءźʳġ
ţ°ʱʱһɨ⣬һõ壬ǣյ֣һ˼ҡ
Ǹڳæš
дҵһ㿪ˡ
翴һĲˣ˵ȫϲԵĲˣգһʱ֮䣬ãЩ
ԷɡЦЦʳﲢڳʲôԵͣȻҲô£ʲôԣǶƫʳⷽ棬ǱȽ硣
ЩҰԵġ罫Уȴٳû¿ꡣ
֪Ȼĵͷĺտʼط֮ʱЩǣֿļ꣬Ҳ֪任˿ζûУȻദ֮£زԹĿζϰߣǰһʱһģһ
ԽϵĲ˵붼û룬Ѿеˡ
Ȼ㰮ԵģǻŸ㿪ʼ԰˵ţҲӣԼеٲԵĻնҪԹء
š򴽣漴ʼꡣ
ԺһС˺һ˲ʱ䣬ȥ˯ˡ
˯ˣտŴСշ߳ĺ磬ʵ
Ƚϳ˯˯ǰµĹȥ
һ㣬Ȼʮָ˲ġ
šߵյߣԾĻ졭ʲô𣿡
ʲô£ղָʲô
ǡﰡѰյ֣ʮָཻ˲żܶ԰ɣͻңΪʲô𣿡
˼˵ѵûзʲô£ҾͲܹ͸𣿡
ȻǰֻǡҾеֶѡӸյĻĿա
ôţֻǿЦѡֱס磬§ԼĻ֮УҪ˵ΪʲôĻΪʹȻɣϾ˽
˽ڡ練Ӧˣ˽ڣ
ţôӦô󣿡
ʵ˵æһЩ飬ЩᣬԺܶ¶ûȥע⣬˼ҡûע⵽
ûϵҸںЩ΢΢һЦòˣոҲ˵ͲҪԭ򰡣ֻҪ룬ֻҪҪĻκʱ򶼿ԡ˽죬Ϊ˽ڣʹȻ롭ҲӦ׼ֻѡ
ʵ㲻˽ڣǻżԼŮģյе֮飬ԸʱʱһЩСϲǿġ
ҶûС
а֪Ҫ˵ʲô붼ûҪ˵ȥĻϲ˵ûʲôúõĴҵ߸õˡ
ɵϣõյ˰
һգһ㡣
֮һѾǶˣοûʲôеҸ˵İ
õˡ
εƲƲ죬ǵЦ⣬ȴôڸǲס
ϲĻҿÿ춼˵΢΢ͷںĶϣһǣ˵񡭡ûвȥ͸ʲô𣿡
ึԡԣ뿪˸յĻȥһԼȥˡ
ոŻͻȻʧů£ε̾һ
罫õڸյ߲
ϸϸ˺İװֽУһ
ϲ𡣡һţ磬㲻ڸСϵеļôһ֪ϲۣ
ţϲ֣صص˵ͷյ۾ʮֵ棬ܺҵ⡣û뵽һ仰վͻĬĬؼ
ǾͺãҰɡ
š

ˣ۹á絹ҲûƭգȻò˵նһٷֵںӸݸжӷֺܶ࣬׿Щ˵յ۹ȷ١ʵͦϲġ
ʵм롭۾ϸյߡ
յ۾ﵹӳԼ
Ӳŷ֣յ۾ղ񣬵ǱӸöһЩ߸ߵģͦͦģԵӢȴֲʧ
ţʲô£
ޡջĿ⣬輸ϵİӰ롭Ϊʲôܹǡôģƿҵÿһϲãÿһ˿
ľϲΪҵĸǽһ͡
ǡֺܹģֱģòġ
ô˵ǲӦøеˣղûв
ܾáûʲôʵСûлشյĻͻȻЩ䡣
ôôءָסԼ
㰮𡣡
Ұ㰡ջشú档
㰮ң
šƶصͷ
㰮ҡ㰮𡣡Щȷһ졭ҲأǸʱ㻹˵㰮ûһҲҺã𣿡ֻأԵСš
˵ʲôüô᲻أ㵱Ȼ㰡ǲúõһ𡣡
ûһأ
ʵ롭ԼǲǺʲôЩûаȫأ㣬ǲһһǻðǻ˵Ұ㰡
һ㡣
Ωһ㣬ܻı䡣
㡭ط֮ûһҲǲı䡭ʼհ顣
ǣǲ᲻һ𰡣𡣡סĴڡúõһôʲôء
šص˵ͷ˵ǶԵġ
˵ģǶԵİЩ̿żǡ
Ҳ׿ղŷ˼Ӧǡ
лҪ˵

ĸո˽ڡ
һºܱǸΪ˽ؼͻȻġ
͵ﶼ
ºľС
»صСZС
ףµһ꣬彡˳ġ
?ᣡst
ϣµһҶԿĵģЩѸ
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205 
һҹΡ
ڶ, ǭZȼ۾
ľȻĿ컨巢Ŵ, Щ, ˯ȵһ˰ɡ
֮ǰ˯ʱ, ǲ̫ÿ춼, һϿüͬΣѹԺ, ˶ε, ˼, ʱһ춼Լо
ǭZȼغһ̧һʱ, 㡣
Ծ䴽, Ѿǲˣ١ҲܹһȻʵû˯þˡ

ǭZȼƫƫͷ, ˿̡ԷԼߣ׼ȷ˵ӦԼĻ, ƽ, ˯ĺ졣
ǵһοԷô, һ㡭ƽ
Է㡭Ӧûӵġһ㣬һ㡣
ϵԷ㣬ȫһС飿
ǭZȼԾº, ¶Ц⣬Էĸı䣬ϲġ
ϲͬʱ־ԣһ֡۵ĸ
оǡʹŰɡ
Ϊ֪ԷΪʲôͻȻ飬ǭZȼҲԸȥ̽ԭ
ʵ֪붼룬ܹµˡ
ǳεɡ
Ϊ벹ԡ
ǭZȼԳҡҡͷֹԼټôȥ򡭡ҹ࣬ͨͨɻơ
̫ϸĻݸ飬ͻѿ
˵ϲȴе˵ĳء
ĿתԷ˯޷ı顭ֻܹɡ
ܣӦѧ֪㣬ǲǾѾ㹻أǲǲӦҪء
ôţǭZȼϵЦݽʧֲԷɢϵķ˿ͷĴһǡ
ѵˮһ㡣
ǭZȼĶỺԷƺǱˣˣ
㡣
š㰡ԷŹǷԻûȫѹӡ
Բ𣬳ˡǭZȼԷôģЩ˼˵
Է޷ģ̫Ķˣûס㡭ʵû뵽Է˯ôǳȻôѹˡ
˵Բ𡣡Էոѹ۾ûǭZȼﴫıǸʶü۾ŬԼ۾ǡöǭZȼרעߡ
רע˫żֱǸɫ
Էüͣһ鲻̫õӣʳָǭZȼĴϣԺٸ˵Բ𣬱ǸҲԡ֮ԸҵǸ
ǭZȼ㶣ûзӦ
Ҳϲ˵ǸĻǭZȼǸеʴӣһֻεĲƵģ࡭ҲŸе
ҲǭZȼֻǳòıǸԷ㿴͸ûбҪˣ֮ĹϵҪἰòĶ
ˣֻ˵֮ϵ̫Զ
šǭZȼ򴽣ƺǴԷĲԸ죬ɵĵ˵ͷ
壬ſԷ㣬Ȼ󻺻ſͣԷߵʳָУؿҧʳָʱʱã壭⣭ȥʳָָ
Էо˴Լָ⴫ůʪĸоͻȻʶ˿̵ձ÷ǳ̧ۿǭZȼ׽Լ˫ֳȵĿ⡣
㡭ΪһʮŮˣοҲδ¹ǭZȼоһӾ׹ˣֻǡ׿˵ǻ߳ܣ
ţǭZȼûֹͣĶôߡؿʼţָ⣬ڰطԵñģ壭顣
ԷĶߣֱսޡ
𡭡ԷƲ۾ЩȥǭZȼȵ񣬼Ҫˡ
Ѿȴһҹ壬ֿʼµҹǭZȼŴô顣
ڣĸоʼԽԽǿңԷ̲סӽ˫ȣĦĹ⻬ʶ˿ǭZȼű֮µ壬ǳ״̬
ǭZȼԷ۾ɼİתɺ죬ɿֽԷһȦԼĻ§ýأ˫ȣزԷϡ
ͻļףԷ̲סһ
оˣԼ¶ȱùͻȻӴǭZȼļഥ巢顣
ԷǭZȼĻͷĲ䣬̧ͷȴǭZȼ֪ǲ̫иоˣǭZȼģʱǭZȼԷԽԽ̣ҲԽԽио񡭡һ㣭飭
ȻǲϾĸоϯúܿ졣ǭZȼԼ¶ȾжôḶ́ҲоԷн˫ûһ˿һиʵ˵ЩԳˣǵȵϰɡ
бȽҪĹҪȻʵǭZȼԷôܱȹҪҪأҲΪѾ֪ƣҪԷüˡ
ټĻԷܲס̱ڴϣѾԹÿԷ͵İı㵱ڵǭZȼɲʱˡ
šǭZȼԺС롱ζĻԷǭZȼͷøˣȴûоܾص˵ͷ
⵹ǭZȼ⣬ΪԷܾ˵֪ơûζʲôġ
ʵԷĵȷȷΪǭZȼղŵоò˸оֻǡкҪҪǭZȼ
ȷȽ⣬ҪȵǭZȼ鶼˵Ժ١ģֻһʱ֮䣬ʹȻûֵܹס˳ǭZȼ˼
ڣɵסˣҡգʲôģǻúܺߵġ
ҲǸ˵лҪ˵𡣡ԷǭZȼĻ룭һЩϸǭZȼգḧȥ
šǭZȼȷô¶ΪԷҪ˵飬ǡ˽ڿ֡ѣڿԭô¶ʲô°
ǰʱҸ˵ĿǰΪֹûаǵĹϵҸߵİĴ㣬԰ɡ
šЩǭZȼʶһ£Է壬ҲͻȻȴղŵʱ֮գͺܺðͻȻЩ飬˵ģǭZȼһ㶼ҪĲҪЩ
Է𣬾;ͷʹ
ԷǭZȼ̸Ŀܣһ˿˿ķۣ֮ǰӱܵʲô̶ȣ־ǭZȼ˶ٵʹ࣬ǭZȼЩüͻῪʼԾس塣
ڣҸıˡʵų쿪ʼѾԵǸҡˣ֪һ죬ѡǭZȼ֮Ĺϵͷ䣬ֻǡһֱҲһʵʱ¶Ľ뷨ǭZȼ
ڣõʱ
㣬Ŀǰͷ䣬١ҪǭZȼ֪⣬뷨ҲѾ¶Ĵȥôڸ߸ĸ֮ǰϣܹǭZȼһ֮ȷʱ͸֪ĸķʽ
Ȼͷᷴԣ붼ܹԤϵģֻǡԷ㻹ϣԵĻԸĸ˺ᵽͰɡ
ǭZȼΪˡ
㻺˽һӵʱ䣬ǭZȼôԷ㣬ϵı棬ûаֿЦ˼
ǣǭZȼǲţԼղʲô
䣬ڰÿ¡
лҪ˵

滹һ¡


206 
ǭZȼֻܹԼˡ, ˡ䶼Ҫըˡ
㡭˵ʲô
Էεҡҡͷ, 롭֮ǰжʧܰ, ΪǭZȼŮѾǵжʧְ, ܹǭZȼڶԼϣûаȫС
Ϊ˻һǭZȼĽŸ, Էһ˿Ц˵˵, ҸıˡǭZȼ, šҲ֪ǲǴ, ǲǿʼˣ
룬Ը⽫֮Ĺϵ, ׵ĸְֺ߰衣ֻǡԷ˶, 嵽ʲôʱǣһûоҪ뷨ȸ, Ȼһȷһ¾ʱ䡣
ǭZȼɴ۾, , ȴһֶû˵
Ȼ, ԵĻϣҪȡֱ̫ӻߴֱķʽǿǽܡԵĻǡȰʾһ£ȻİȫǡĻá𣿡

šֻĿǰʱ뵽ķ, òôеĻǻټǿԷΪǭZȼԸַʽ
㡭
ţ
𡣡ǭZȼ˵仰˫ҧݣȫ˼Ƥ
͡ǭZȼ⸱ֽӣ̲סЦˣʲôʱƭ㰡
ǲԸҪӱܵ飬ԷҲԲƭǭZȼġ
֮ǰԸҲʵǭZȼʲô

עԷǭZȼȴøҪԷ㣬ǡǶ¼Ƭȴ˵ܶˡ
Էת䣬ֲֺ̫õζ棬ǭZȼ֪ЩֺһǳԷģɹؼǣֱ治Щжκֺõĳɷڡ
ôˡԷע⵽ǭZȼ⿪ʼ˵ͱ鶼ԭΪǭZȼԼľеģôԭҲȷǳҪǭZȼ飬ڡǭZȼϵı飬ȴϣģȫһô
Էüͷε̾һʹ˵Ҳ֪
ѵ㲻ϣҰ֮飬ְֺ߰𣿡ԷǭZȼգĦš
ϣҵȻϣǭZȼС˵Էȥȷࡣ
ԷģڡȴֵúԥȷԷ˵ǲ滰ˡ
Ұϣȥ㲻ô
ҡǭZȼͣĻ˵ڡ
ôʲô뷨ԸҰǭZȼǰǷƵģԷľյøЩͷǭZȼĶͷǼıǼ⣬Ҳġ
ǭZȼſԷ۾ԥԼ赭дһЩ㡭Ǹ껷һô
Էֻ꣬Ī˭˵ġϲ㣬Ȼֻһ𰡡˵ԺԷ־òԾ껷Ǹʱ˵Ļһ£ǳ껷ģ
ǡǭZȼҡҡͷҲ֪ǲǡҲǰɡ
ȻûаԷˣðɣȷҰʾҲϣܹΪԷϵһ룬Ҿܾˡ
ܾˣǭZȼüͷøˣһƿӣȥҵԼİó˻ɫţƤֽ
첻СķŽģȵ˼Ժŷڰ칫ҵģ룭ˡ
Է㿴ڳģղɵһ죬ʶıƿߣûĿ̲ס׷ǭZȼȥ
ǭZȼǰͺݣ֮ǰǶʱ״̬ã˵Եø˼Բƣǲ
ǭZȼɫţƤֽݸԷ㡣
Է㿴ǭZȼݹĶ򿪣óƬ¼ʣǡ
ЩƬϵǷǭZȼ
ЩƬһţǵ껷ġ
Է㽫Ƭŵһߣ㿪¼ʵĲż¼ݴͷβԺ¼ʵ̲ס
ģ
Ҳ֪˼ĵ˾ҵġûǭZȼԵЩ˲û鵽˭¼һóǳ껷壬롭Ӧĵİɡ
ԡƿңҸߣ𡣡ԷֻȻĸоѹ֡ǭZȼ״̬ô֡
ǭZȼû˵ֻǵͷĬ˰ɡ
ǡԷһ룬ˣҲ׹ˣøˣҲáھͿװ׵ĸ߹㣬¼ĶԻʵĴڹǶԻݲȫ棬Ե˳䶯
˼ǡƵǭZȼ⡱һ£ԡˣ
ʱԺ󣬳ڶԷĲĺûģʶƵĶԻݡ
Բ𡣡ΣҪԷ㣬ͷû
Է㿴ǭZȼһӣľһƬˣɵϣ˵ˣٸҵǸô
ҡ֪ӦôԷ㣬ԼĲţԥţš
ˣԼˡҶû㣬ôԼءԷ쳤ǭZȼĶһǣҲã֮ûˣʲô鶼˵ˡҷӦллһ仰Էǲôᡣ
ǭZȼֻðգϵһһɣεѭ֮С
񡭡ʲôǴġ
ôôԷ֣סǭZȼĶ䣬ָĦĶҸղ˵Ļġ
ǭZȼԷ㣬˵ͷ
ǾͺáԷο¶Цݣǡһֻ֣ҵǭZȼ֣ʮָۣԼĿڴһܾúܾúܾáҪһֱȥСZ
ţǭZȼ֪Էж຦£ڵʲôҪȥˣֻҪչ˺ǭZȼ
ûϵԷֱ׵ε˵׵Ļ˵Ǹףǽʽʱ򷢱һ֣سŵš

ǭZȼ֣ԷĿڡ
ֱļһԷ


䣬ͻȻ
ǭZȼһ
㡭Է㾪
ǭZȼͻȻ΢΢һЦԷѹ£Ҹıˡ
Էһʱ֮ûзӦǭZȼָʲô
ϵķݡ˵ڰķݣڰɡ
ʲôԷƺǭZȼ˼ƿܾĻûü˵ڣͿǭZȼԼŴ

š
СԷֿʼķҪϰ࡭
硣ǭZȼһ壬һ߻شʱ㡣
㡭
ǭZȼԷѵ˵ǣһǣס͡
лҪ˵

Ϊǰû첹ϡ
ְǶá
Խ첹¸
СZڰĵС
ʵСZС㣬һֱĺܱ΢ġ
һˣʱڸС
ʵϣСZĵֲУûʧ
ΪǰûиСһֻԶԶؿõվھĵط
ǰСһֱǡá״̬
һСһʱǷǳ˵ģһͻȻ˲Ʊһ
СӦʱǾùԼеˡ
ΪûиСһһĿҪСһ𣬶һֱûȥǹһ֮顣
ҪԸĸ⣬СZûпǹΪǰͲ£ûСڰǵĹϵ߸ĸһôų顣
ԿС㺦µʱСZǵһ˿־忴ʼʲôʵ
֮ǰһֱΪģһҪһ𡱣һ飬ǡһҲڷֵĿܡ
ڴ֮ǰûиԷֵĿܣûһҲûôԶ
λһΪССZĹϵʵ̫ˡ
˵ֱһɣ֮һͲһķֱ𣬾ûзϵ
СZֱС㷢ϵˣĲ΢ҵһ㰲ȫС
ΪǵĹϵ̫ˣ㲻ˣҲһܶ飬ûһǰǵദģʽѾģʽǺܽӽˡ
Ҫӡ֤ڽǻϲһ㣬ֱǷϵСZҵһ˵ʵС
Щǰ涼д
پǺСȷʾһʼСZûʲôһһ¡
ǷȴʼС㲻ϰˡ
СȻǱʾԼ飬Ҳֲĸδε˽¼Ρ
֮һϵġ
ǸʱСZͿʼֲõԤˣС㱾ǴںǿռģԽС㲻ֻҪС㲻飬ĬĬһҲûʲôҪһֱС㲻ϵȥ׸˼Լᣬܲˡ
СҲûоܾ׵ɣΪһ㣬˵
縸ĸһ䡰Ȼ㶼飬ȥҲνֻС޷ܾˡ
ң鲢̫ѰСZǿһ㣬Ÿ
СԲ飬һֱѸĸܲɡ
Ǹʱ򣬷ʵʼСͼ֮ˣǸֵ½ݣкԵİʾҾñĻǺԵģ̽Сͼ顣
ֻСԼûʲôû̽
ڻع˵Ļͺˡ
ϵʱ
СZףС㲻ʵܲʵĸỳɣСȷ̬ҲԱֵų飬ų⣬СķӦܺ¡
СZҲ̫ȥ顣
ôԤ֮һܴܵĽ־ǣǱȻСѹСZ֡
СZ»С֣Կʼĵ֪ʲôʱǺСһһˡ
ԣʵϣǸ¼ݵʱûлɼŵԭ֮һʾдģаġ
ǣֻҪС㲻֣ôСʲôСZܹõܵĵز
ǰڣ£СZС˵Ļ㲻ǸʱѾ¼ˣĬ¼ʵģС˵ġ񣬵Ҳ顱㲻
СZ֪С˵ģôֻҪԼ֣С껷ٰɶԷϵһ룬Ҳѡܡ
ѡСΪѣܺС֡յ㣬ͻˡ
СZѡûиСֵѡԵڣ³껷ֵʱСZƿС㣬ǱԼ¡͡ϡġ
ʵڵڣµʱбСZտʼ¼úȥСȷϣҲСԼԸСԼϲС
ŭ󣬻סˡ
ΪԼĲԸͷƢСѹӶСŲȥԼ֡
ԣֻҪСǺһģֻҪС㲻֣СZǱԼһЭͽˡ
ϣȫ
˳ʱҲвǺ׻ĵط۸ҡشһСֱֻӻظ۽ա
СZǰ̫ˣһծˡ۵
˵һȲҪ
ҵ˯컹óȥ
֪ܸܲ˺Ͳ



207 
ոϴ, ԡ߳, ױ̨ǰŻƷ
ཡཡ
, ΢΢һЦ, ߵһԣʼǱϷ, 񷢹Ƶ롣
šһӵӳ٣漴СӫĻϡ
𣿡΢΢һЦ
пյĻ, ÿƵ, ˴Ļ, ˵һ˵Լʲô߸ڼ, һЩŮ顣
ˡһ½Ĺ, Ļһھܹϻؼˡ
Ǿͺá
ˣ˾Ǳûʲô¶ɣȻڹ˾, ˻ᶨһ¹˾״ʵ϶ڹ˾ָ, ֪ǭZȼĹ״̬, ϾԼŮ, ȻϣǭZȼԽԽá
ûʲôɡһ˵ҽŸСȼȼһԵ緹ڡС˵ȼȼæ㹤Ĳȼȼ״̬ͦõ, ֻ
ֻʲôĲԾ˳ʵ
Էʱ򣬳껷Ǻˡ
ǼСİɣЦЦⲻǺ¶㲻ͦϣСкӽύһµô
ϣСĿǰûнĴ㣬ҲһѽﻹڽԷͼ֮飬ֻǹǼһֱûӣСҡǺ̫ˣҲ̫ϲ
֪֮ǰ껷ΪйԷ֮ѾԳ껷Щˣ󣬾͸ӶԳ껷ӡò
ΪŮԣǣȣ˵û˻ϲһ̫ôˣοֹڳ֮£˾ˣ
ϲͺˡ˷ͳСӵʲô¶ˣŮҲǵòˣ¶ӵͺˡ
ᵽһǭZȼڹòǣ磭ӣأܸһֲĸоôǵһξã͸ԼŮ뷨ģ硣
һҪǸӣ֪ˣǭZȼɾ͵군ˡ
ô˵ȥˣϵķôע⵽˵˵ţͱûˡ
Ȼ˼аҡҡͷǵæͷϵĹ˵ɣڵĻŮǱ߶취֮̽̽ڷ˵ɡ
ûϵ㲻ǿôһ¶ЦҶĻƱ˵һͬһء
𣿡˶٣ɴֱӵһȻһȥɣҲû죬Ҿܻˡ
ˡרæɡҡҡͷ͸ó˵ģΪ֮ǰЩͷϵûнŽȥŵʱ䡣пգҲϵøˡ
Ǻðɡ̾һһ㲻СһȥôǺʮˣҲӦ֪һеˣοҲӦһֱ֪Ȩ
´ΰɡüƳһߣԲҪ̸⣬˰ɡ
ţҲáĿܣҲǿˣʱˣţϢɡ
ţھƵҲϴϴ˯˰ɡ
á
ҶƵԺ󣬷˱ʼǱŵһߣߵǰ˰ɫĴ¹Ķ߽һЩܹķХ¥µǿŴҶӳƬƬı紵˵ϡ
ꡭСǺӴؼҵʱǿֻһ۱ϵСأѾԽԽ׳ˣҪɲģˡ
һתۣѾʮˡ
ͬ飬Բٷһˡ
ǿϵ֦ҶڷҡҷģŴתϴ˵ơ
һ磬һڿ緹
̫̫İӶ˱һֽ˹
ôһġ佫ӵԼÿֽϵĽֽ
Ժ󣬿ֽݣϵı飬𾪣𽥱ɫ
һ룬ֿʼ侲ﻹһ˿ǲдš
˷ԼֽֽݷŽ˾ţȥԷļ
һ·ţ磭ӣȴܿƵĲͣشߴ˾һ㣬һֱڳϡ
ֱվԷſǰűƽһһԼ侲ȵȫԺ̧֣ˣˡš
ȻûзӦ
üһ绰Է㡣
Ծɺ޷Ӧ
绰绰ﶼ˹
佫ֻ˽ȻǭZȼ
ʼӦ
ҧҧӰͳԿס
ԷԿס
һΣԷһȥ궫ʱԷԿ׿š
ʱԺֱ˰Ƿϣؼʱ򣬲ŴԼİ﷢Կףĳ֡ԼҲ˵ûѡԿ׻Է㡣
ÿȥԷңҲӲԿס
죬ˡ
ԿףᣭԿ׿תױŤડһſˡ
Ȼ˿̣ԷǭZȼڴϡ
šһ㡣Է㽫ͷͷͨ죬ﴫɬʱŴϢ
ðǭZȼ꣬һ˿ЩָˣָĦţȴٳٲһ
Է͵ŤԹ壬ҪǭZȼƣҲǱİʾȻǭZȼȴΪֻһֱάָ⸧ĶζٽһͷյԷĶߣش
𡭡ԷĲǭZȼŪЩƫƫͷ漴ץסǭZȼ֣㡭
ţ
Էһޣȴ˼ټ˵ȥ
ǭZȼĶԽԽЦȴԽԽ˵һô
Է̲ס˸ۣǭZȼ֪ˣô
ǡ𡣡ǭZȼͷԷϣָ̽ȥ
šԷһȴֱǭZȼ
Էܵı飬ǭZȼЦЦӿĶ
Է㱧סǭZȼ֣ת§סĲӵԼ壬رסԼûз϶ĵز
壬塣
壬塣
һЩŷţӿԷĶ
šԷ΢΢üǲǡ
ţǭZȼû˵ʲô
绰á񡭡ԷƺʶʲôȻһ룬
ǭZȼüʹյԷĴߣûã㻹ܹ˼ȥ飿
ǡԷ§סǭZȼ֣ʱսָĽץסǭZȼƤš

ǲӦټͷһ£ǭZȼֳԷĶߣͷϵĴߣﺬ˵š
ǭZȼԷֱǭZȼ֣һֱǭZȼ֣˵Ҫʼˣǻˡ
ǡҲֻ㻵ǭZȼ΢΢һЦֺƵ̺סԷ촽
⣬ûЬ߸Ьذײˡաߵһ۾ɳϵףɢڲ輸ϵʳˮ
ߵſڣŷɫһǣסǺɫһţһһŮʽڿ㡣
ɫѾ÷ǳѿ˸ŷŴӷڴĸдϢ
Դǡ
ȥ˼жŭƿ˷š
ڽǵŵסˡ
Է㾪ס
ǭZȼɫҲɺ콥ףʶĻסԷ壬Է§ڻﱣš
ôǰҲгľ飬ԷҪ΢ôһģֻǡҲûıԷöپˣǰҲûоֱӴסŮڴϷϵĳ档
ֻǿ˲˵
ԵĻһԼ˫Ŀʧ
ʲô
Ů
Ů
ǭZȼԷڴϽǣ֮ǰǷ˹ϵ䲻ȥƿҲ֪˿Ůȫ࣭ڴཻ塣
ߵĵذϣĴɢ˵·
ԼղſŮʽڿ㣬пӣ£ȫɢڷĸ䡣
ʲôֻԼЩͷĿѣģ˵ǲŵģԼ֪Լ˵ʲô
ңʲôһһĮһһһһҪ
صʵ
Էȫȥֱӷϵı飬ǭZȼҲԼƳһߡ
ôԳ鵭Ҳûĳֱӷ˫ۡ
˵סҲʼջǷŮôҲ̹Ȼֵز
ԷǭZȼô󣬴ûмķ䣬Ҳû侲µ˵
ź޻Ӧʣתš
뿪֮ǰֻһ¶ȵĻ
Ҹʱ䣬ʰԼ
лҪ˵

һ¡š
ʵͻȻԼеȤζ
÷СZС׽ڴʲôġ˵Ǻܴ̼ˡ
ϵĴ̼
֪»᲻ᱻԸɡ
šҲŰɡûʼ
֮͡ҲŰ÷ܡͺˡ



208 
ǭZȼĬŴԷ뿪
Էʹ, ֪˫Ӧÿδ, ۽ǵ, Ѿ˷, ڿǣһƬ, ʵڲ֪Ǻá
ȷ˴񣬿ȫûķʽ, ԭϣܹԸƽ͵ķʽ, ǭZȼһ߷, ȰʾһټǶԲߡ
ɽһ侹ȻԼ, ǭZȼ, Ρûϵ
ǭZȼʲôû˵ֻǹԵؼɢڵϵԼ·ٵشԺ, Է·һһ÷ڴߡ
, ̧ͷԷ, ֪Էһ, Լ˿鶼ôĲƽοԷأֻԷһЩǣ£Ԥģɣܣ磭֮һ, ܹ΢ƽһЩ
ǭZȼԷڱģ΢΢һЦ֣ḧԷգ˵·ҷһˣһǵôϣҪǵ顭ҳȥ̸̸ͺˣʹɡ
˵ԺǭZȼ뿪
Էʶץס֣СZĿɢĵǡ
ģһҡǭZȼŬĳһЦݣʵҲ֪便ôѡԷţԼһ˳ȥԡ
ȥ²ⷽķӦĻǭZȼҲֻܹǰļȥ²һ¡
ǱȻġ
֮

ΪǰĶȻŮˣȴǡԷκŮˣһȴֻԷ㡣
ӣǭZȼҲ͸ǸʲôӦˡ
Ρܻǰɡ
ˡǭZȼԷȻͷҲصĳ˷š
ճţ˷Ŀ⣬͸¶ź⣬㾭һΣǹԸĸʱĿ־壬ǻЩ}ûš
ʼǷĺӣʼĸס
ĸ׷ʱ򣬺ӡôܲء
ֻһԲĿǭZȼ
ǭZȼ֪˵ʲôҪǰ˫ҲǦƵģ粽Уֻܹվԭأһģ۵Ŀⲻ֪δ뷽ӣÿÿϷĿ⣬Ƴ˱𴦡
ڿɳϣǭZȼվͷģһ˴֪Ǻõĺӡ
΢΢
Ƿȴ˳Ĭ
ǭZȼ΢΢̧ͷҪһۣĿȴڴһͷŵʿˮŶʼһһŲŽŲߵɳԡ
һҪԼ侲һ㣬ŵȣվߵǭZȼǰͷ̧
ǭZȼ򴽣Ȼ̧ͷŷϲŭɫΡΡ˵衭
ž
ǭZȼĻûü˵꣬ܵһƷ磬ֻˡžһӭһƣͷĿѣһʱ֮˶ǻģӦ
ȵѹʱֻߵջۡ
ԼղŻǭZȼյ֣ǭZȼߵգĿٶȺ
֪ԼղŵһжأΪȥһ̣־ˡ
һƣǭZȼҲûõȥ
ҲûϵԼµȥֻ֣ǡǭZȼ̧ͷԼһ˲䣬ԼŮͻ뵽ղڷ￴һĻ
ԼСŮѹڴŮϣ¶ļǳ࣭״̬ԼǿԼſ֮ʱ¶ľȵı飬ֻҪһǭZȼͻһĻ
աſˡ
ԷҴҵĴӷ˳ղŷһ̫أСԷڷһţҲУ±һµǭZȼ϶Ǳһƣ˼˶̾ʹӷ˳Ҳ˲ûû·
ǭZȼͷûзӦ֪Էˡ
仹ȴЩڣԼղžȻĴǭZȼһƣôأȴϱֳڡԷ߳ģϻ͸¶Žŵ飬΢΢һղĺڿʼɢ
衭ԷҲͷ̫ȥ۾ֻǵͻһ
衭ǭZȼԷ˵Ļǻȥ˵ɡ
ãߡɳϵİǭZȼŷȥ
ҲȥԷ˵űǰȥֻһɫСĶֻһ̿㣬ŵʱҲΪ̫żЬû
վס俴ԷģܵòˣԷôһӣΪĴŮôӡԽԽ봩Ӹ߳ȥô
ԷʶԼûżˣãһȥԷҲĳط䣬Ҳ˲׿ס
Ȼ·һ˲䣬⴫ġصĹ
ǭZȼŷ˳
ؼȥֱ䵽˱㣬УҽĻƱȡ
ǡ˾شӦǼҹô꣬ûнô
ٿǭZȼϺһӡ±Ѿµ˼ԭ򣬹ΪǭZȼǵ÷˰ɡ
벻ͨһ۰ŮǭZȼȻ磭񣭵ȷƤһЩҲ÷ôݵְɡ
Ȼô˵һ˾Ҳٶ˵ʲô˳￪
ȵ˼Ժ󣬷ߵǲɢ˼ӶˣֱֻʣǭZȼˡ
ǭZȼһֱĬĬվڿľګͬһһ㣬һġ
ͿǭZȼһֱǶ
ԼİóһƬʲôƬֳǭZȼһӣЩƬɢˤǭZȼϣȻƮƮ˵ذϡ
ǰ죬Կûпơ
ЩڵϵƬȴ÷ôۡ
ңЩʲô˵˵ţͿʼƲסˣʲô
ǭZȼ˫˼ƬġƬϵǣԷ㡣
껷֮ǰĸЩƬЩкܶûмġ
ӡ֮ǰģȫƬ
ЩƬӦԷ֮Ļ䣬ڡȴ͵ĵʽ¼ѿķʽԼǰǡܿϧء
ǭZȼżƬվȴǵͷһԡ
˵ͷʹǭZȼһζĳĬоӷ
ƬǭZȼ̾һЭһ͸¶κҺСƬ
С㣿ֻԴҪըˣɢڵϵƬÿһţԼŮ֮ųѰõĸ顣

㰡üͷôأôأԷĽ㰡
ҽ㡭ǭZȼ˵ĵǺ㣬Ҳǲ޷Ӵظ߷䣬ĵʵ뷨
ǡҲϲ˰֮λбʹ
ôܹϲҧԼ촽˶ţ֮䲻ָܹ飬㲻ô
ΪʲôԣǭZȼƺȼһһЩŭ̧ͷϷߣûѪԵϵΪʲôԣϲΪʲôͲԣҸһΪʲôͲԣ
Ůˣôԣ۾ûǭZȼôΣ磭Ҳܻ˵ֻңҵŮҲҵŮģֻҪҵŮһ죬͵ú㣬ֻã
ҲҪءǭZȼͻȻû˱飬Ҳ
˵ʲô
ŮͲܹһĻǭZȼ˶٣ҲŮͺ˰
ž
һơ
ǭZȼͷմۡ
˵ʲôô˷ŭ֪֪˵ֻжģ
ǭZȼͻȻһᣬۿѸپͺ
һڣЩˡ
ֻǷǸô˵һʱӷȣ˳ŷĻ˵ȥˡ
Բ衣ǭZȼͷεĵǸ
ʲô仹Ҫȷһ£ϣһֱԺһĻֻΪһжܹлأҧʵȥʱʲô
ϴǭZȼһֱͷ
ž
˵һ顣ɫԽԽѿϣԼˣǸʱʲô
ϴ
ž
˵һ顣ǭZȼĴ𰸣Ǹ
ϴ֪ôشֻ÷ԽԽһһİƴǭZȼѾô޷ǾϣԼ˵ЭĻϣԼܹò˵Ĵ
ǡǹִزҪ˳ŷ˼
ҪЭԸЭ
ž
ƽϵİǰߵգǭZȼѾܹѪˣѾˣоԼѾܲʹˣԿʼһԼ嶼ԼʶƵĸоˣ·˶Ѿˡ
˵һ顣
ϴ
ž
ǭZȼѾǲԼ˶ٸƣֻǵãһ˿д־ǿ֧ҪЭ
ҪЭ
лҪ˵
¡
΢һЩ˼ԽдһЩ
Ϊ첻Ļ˫˫ĻһһдһЩ
һ¡СZ
Ҷۡ
Σ˵һ±˼ǰ塣
һ̫ɣʼվãе飬ʱ֪ӲӲûôģҪһ
ǲܹЭ
ô



209 
ԷʶǭZȼؼȥʱ, Ѿʼ, , ֻǴ¹ⷭҳһ׹, Կ׾ͳţ¥ŷԼֻԿ, ԼǮʲôĶûá
Ҳ˲ݻؼһˣȥͣȡ˳ķ򿪡
ȵԷϻؼʱ, һ۱㿴ͷѵǭZȼ
ֱ߽, ſɢڵϵƬ, İÿ£°ƵһһĻ, һһԷĶ, áµĲǰƣһѵһһµĿϡ
ˣԷ˹ȥ, һѱסǭZȼ§ԼĻ, ƳǭZȼѾ׵ջһ˫ͮͮ۾, Ӿһ, 裬ˡ
СZ㡭Է㿴ǭZȼҪˣĵĻȴʲ, ȡ֮ǭZȼ§ĸ֣СZ
ãȻȼȼԸ˵Ҿ˵䳤غһȥǭZȼΪǭZȼ׵оľ
ܹоԼĶѾʼȷ飬пƻӰƵȣǽǭZȼ³ԲԼֿоˡ
ʲôԷ۾˸һ£Էļᶨ÷һݣƺѾ֮ˣԷ׿˵ֻǻһܹôҶȽʷȼȼʲôϵ
Էʹһᣬѡ̧ͷ䣬һվˣֻǻˣǰôҲûа취ӱˣҵǭZȼ֣һ𣬡衭Ȼ㶼֪ˣҲûа취ȥˡ
㿴Է̹׵Щѣ˿ǰֻз䣬ûˣб۹עӵֹаɣֻǡԷ䣬ѹԴԴϵӿ֪Ӧ֯ԣõȥǭZȼ֮飬ҡȼȼһˡ
ҺܱǸ˵ԷƲĿ⣬޷ټ̩ȻԷʧĿ⣬ҡҸȼȼһ飬ҵ⣬ϲġ
ܹѡĻϣ˿̱Ȱȵպ׵źá
ϲģֱں֣ŵĿԷ㣬֪˵ʲôС㰡С㣬֪ղŸ˵ʲôô
ǶŮˣοðԳһָԷ㣬ָⶼ΢΢ţô꣬ô㡭ôϲء
衭ҸȼȼԷ㣭ˣɬ˫͵ЩѣҸ֮䣬ѪԵϵ
ãǺð
꾹ȻЦˡ
û뵽
ǭZȼԷ㣬ȻáûѪԵϵΪɡ
ô²ŵ˫֣սȫָĵǾܹһ˵ףܹǲϲôǴСһ𳤴ȷⲻΪ簮ȼȼµĴĸô
ҺҡҲ侲֪˵ʲôҲʲôϲ˭ڸ˭һҪͱ㴰ֽԭΪٻһЩϢʱ䣬ȴû뵽һ죬Ŀ죬ȶģȼȼ¡ԡ㲻ҪҲٴˡ
Է˵Ժüͷˡ
˵ǭZȼ˽Է֣ڡҪŬļһЦݸԷ㿴ܿϧǡʵѾûǸˣȸ׵ġ
ô¡䲻ףϲŮˣġֻϲŮˣΪʲôƫƫҪǶԷ
ΪʲôԷǭZȼƫƫѡ˱˴ء
Ҹ㡭ֻһᣬϲңҲûϲԼˡԷ밡Ҳ԰һж˵ˣҵ˵ˣҸ֮ûʲô
ǣǰ㵹˵ԷʧԼ̫
ڻһжԤ˰ɡ
Էͼ֮⣬Է㵱Ͼն˵֮ʲôûУ䵱ʱš
ڿԷͼ֮䵹ȷʲôûУΪԷѹûзϹϲŮˣһѾнˡ
ЩԷ㶼û˵Ҳûз񶨹
ǷǸʱִ̫ŶڡԷͼˣԲŹִΪԷ֮ŲѰĹϵ
ԭǻӡ
գգ۾Ųһˡ
šԷ˶٣ѡʵش𣬡ˡ
ãá䱾ģҪЦ˰ŮƤӵ£һꣿ
ꡭ
ĸ׵ģйʧְЦҡҡͷϵıȿ޻ҪѿƤӵ½ˣҶ֪
衭Էü֪˵ǸĻ֮⣬ܹ˵Щʲô䡣
ҵһ¾ʹ绰ȥ٣졭̾һ죬͸һԺÿ죬Ҷһ°࣬Ŭؾһĸ׵ΡԼ١ʧְ
ԣԷ̿ˮĿǰûлȥĴ㣬ǭZȼ⸱ģҲרͶ뵽ȥҡĿǰûлصλĴ㡣
ãðǣصͷȻ㲻ȥǸɴ࡭Ҳˡ
衭
ͷҲصĻԼķ䣬ҲȥԷǭZȼһۡ
ֻͷʹѡ
۰ŮȻˣͬһ£ꡣ
ȻǵƤӵ¡
񣬾Ȼ
䲻ûлɹԷģ磭⣬Ҳûķȥǹֻǡû뵽Էһֱ̹ϵˣȻǭZȼ
ΪСһ𳤴󣬼Ũ̶ѾԽһĽãֻϵ룬Ҳѹûǿȥ
ϾԷǭZȼ֮ĹϵһЩҲͬΪŮӣټϽ񣬾㶯һЩҲûеһ£ֻǺõ˵ԷңǭZȼҲûнԷѪԵϵ飬ԴˣȻġ
ֻû뵽ѪԵϵ˻ᣬһ
˭ϵϦദĽãȻụ㺣Ա˴ء
οŮˡ
ڷ俴޷⡣
ԷǭZȼôܣôء
ڿˣ
ԷĿôôԼһЩ¡Լסһͻ޳
û£û¡ǭZȼƳڴʯذϣذϺð亹ָⴥĵذϣԼ˲٣ֻͷεģƺûдӸղŵĻ֮л
Է˫ḧǭZȼ򦣬ȥȥֱǺģԷóȻ˵ȥҽԺɣҽ㴦һ£òá
Է͸¶ǣǭZȼӦȴǰġħϡ޷Эǲˡұһ¾ͺˡ
˵ԺǭZȼԷʼղĵǵɫգ˵Ҫˡ
ǱߡǭZȼһ۷ķڷһȽյţźܳʱ䶼򿪰ɣ£ҡúôġ
ԷŴ̲סǭZȼˣģӦģȴӣţûк¡
ԷסǭZȼԼյ֣ԼؿڴܹоõôһֱΪšҲģԡҲҪģΣ뿪ġ
ǭZȼ꣬΢΢㶣漴ص˵ͷš
壬塣ڿڴĵ绰
ʾϵ֣ǭZȼüͷһ壬ҽӸ绰űߵһߡ
áԷӦ۹һƳϻĴɢǭZȼ޼ĺգĬض£ЩƬһһŵļϳõһ
ҡǭZȼ绰ߣת㿴ڼƬԷ㣬ʲôЩ顭ӶȥʶıԸӶȥȴŷԷЩƬϵǶӶⲻ˵˽һΡ
֧ӶˣǲԷ˿ɡ
ɡǭZȼ˵ű°ԷһƬ
ˣѾˡԷ㽫һƬУ΢ͷƬеԼǭZȼԭƬеǣĿ֣ˣԭԼҲôҸƬܺá
ţ
һúغõġԷǭZȼ΢΢һЦȻЩƬĳ֣֮ع⣬ɲô˵ЩƬԣܿɹĻ䣬ÿһŶ¼ǭZȼõ˲䣬᲻ûٵ
áԷǭZȼᣬŻĵ˵ͷ
ˣղ˵ʲô
˾ﻹ顣ҵøϻȥΪղһ飬ǭZȼ͹˱ӦϰʱˣкҪĹҪæ
ԡԷ㱾ܵľܾӣôȥ˾״̬ô
ǭZȼ̾һ㲻ҲаЩ飬Ҫſԡҡûô簡ϣ˵
ҸһȥԷ㲻ģǭZȼ᲻Լټ׳ӣҪȥҲһ½а㴦Ժ󣬾ͻҵķҰһ£ס
㡭ڼɡǭZȼʶüķӦ١ԵĻҲϣܹ͵ᣬ˾ʹˣԷҲⶾ֡
ͱЩˡԷǭZȼ飬ˡʹְ¡ҵĴҲԼӵĺͬҲҪŵڡ
Ĵ㣬˾ְȻظϳҡ
֮⣬ʲôµء
һΡɵĸо
ԭΪĿ־˺ģɵķʱȻһĸо
ڲѹԼǭZȼĸ飬ڲӱԼģܹ¸ҵǭZȼ֮Ĺϵ
ֻҪʧȥǭZȼСʲôء
ǭZȼѹˣҲҪǭZȼյ˺ˡ
ղŷǭZȼƵЩ棬һĻһĻԷԺѭš
ÿһƣһӡ
ݺݵش̽࣬ÿһ㡣
ǭZȼ̲סɴ۾û뵽ԷģԭΪ޴һЩŶԵġ
߰ԷסǭZȼ֣ôȥҩЩҩһ£ʹ
ǭZȼֻľګĵͷӦ
Էĵȫûϵġ
ɵϡ
ɵǭZȼԷֻǣ֣ߣСɵϡ
ңһľͺˡ
лҪ˵
˵㡣
ûܶΪֵʱ֪һҺ𾪵ϢǹͬѧȽ˽˵飬Ҳ˵
ǸоӦܶĪָо
ֻһ£¶дЩ
С˵Ļеû˵
̫ԵʰɣǾе鼴֪ӲӲˣǻѡô
ΪԸЭΪִǿҪԼ뷨
ȻҲǹҶͲȡӲӲǾȽϺʡ
еʱеһЩܹõõЧֶΪأ
ֻԼԭϣ޷òģԼһˣôˣҲҪҡ
žָоɡ
˵е󡭡
ξǣʵСZѾǺõˡ
ֻǴơȻҵ˼˵СZǶԵġ
ֻǷķӦô˵ء˵ϷΧ֮ڡ
иʶѾǸ˳ˣǸ˵Ƿǳˡ
֮ǺܺãҲ˵ʲôˡ
֮Ҫء
ʵ˵˵ȥЩʲô飬þö
СǾô˾ʹְ˰ɣΪöˣҲʧȥʲô
ҪĸİæĻҪء
˵ɣоһȽϳصĻ⣬ǲչˡ



210 
ôôණ
Է㽫ͣ·, ǭZȼڳ, ȥҩһѵĶ
ǭZȼһӵĶ, ;Դе㷢Ρ
һҩҩʦ, շӦòҩźãƼ˼, ҶˡԷһᣬΪǭZȼȥҽԺ, ǾֻܹԼҩЩٿ, һһһΣ磭, ӻع˾˿˵Ļ, ָ˽±, һҰҩԺٴϿְɡ
šǭZȼ˵ͷ㿼ǵܵ
Է㿴ǭZȼͷϴ﷭ҩģ, һ㶼ûܵӰ죬Խ, Է㷴Խ, ǭZȼѾʰ鿪ʼͶ뵽, Ǽװûз߿ȥѡ񣭣磭ϵĲ졣
ǰߵĻҲãǭZȼǱϷй, ǲŸ°
ˣͱҶˡԷץסǭZȼ֣ҩ
šǭZȼ꣬ɵزҶ
Էϴҵ׵ҩ໹ǩһҩǩϣͿĨǭZȼǰǭZȼܻеۣһ̡
ǭZȼۡ
ǭZȼһۣľͻۡ
СûʲôǭZȼŬǣϣܹԷһοЦݣκһߵվͻǣ֮ʹֻЦЦûµӣԷ㿴ЩܣҲûеơ
š
ԷǩؽǩϵҩͿĨǭZȼϣһֱעǭZȼϵı飬Լûпƺǿʹ
Ȼ֮ǣǭZȼֵúƽһֱעԷ˫ۣҲ֣ó棬ĬĬؿԷ㡣
ʹ𡣡ԷΪӵҩЧ̫ã̫棬ͿǭZȼ׵Ҳеۡ
ʹǭZȼƽıԼĸܡ
һ룬˼ͬʱ
һ㡣
ǡ
ţԷͣĶ۵Ŀǡʲô
ĻͲʹˡǭZȼϵıľȻе˵޹ؽҪһ㣬ָԷգоҵֹʹҩһ

ԣԷ΢㶣šʹˣҲҡ
ңΪ̻ҵĻҲᱻӡ
మ
ϣܹΪĶܡ
ȴܿһģΪ˺ì
ԣֻҪĻͲúʹǭZȼܹԷСĶ֮УܵһЩҪԷ̫صĸ
ҪһԵ飬ֻ٣ЩҪĶܲҪУͲҪаɡ
һһֱߵġԷ򴽣ԼǲԼϵı̫һЩҲŴȾǭZȼԼá
ôţԷЦ㻹컬ҿЦ
ǿЦôõġ
ֹ֪ʹҩԷ㽫մյǭZȼǰΪպţҲû취ϣֻתĴһ£ҵĿĹ𣿡
ðӴǭZȼ꣬һûעЦ˺׵գ˻ͻȻһۣоԱһָղ˻¶û˯ѵ״̬ʹһ̾ȫ˵ĸо
ûζԷ̲סǭZȼһۣڹˣ鿪Ц
Ҳá
˵գǽûԾһЩ
Է㿪ʼǭZȼҩòԺǩ
𶯣Ұͷһ¡
ʱǭZȼΪ˹㣬ϰ඼ͷϡûʱ䣬ͷһֱɢڼͷ
Է򵥵İǭZȼͷͷһЩðԵȻһЩ԰Ͽ֡
ˡǭZȼ⸱ģⲻ̾һȻЩ̫㣬ܺù㶥һź׵ڹ˾ҪöˡҲù˾һЩ˱ۡ
š
ȻԷǭZȼȥ˹˾
ǭZȼһ֣ϰѹϵһͨ
ãԺ¥ĻҿɣһбҪ˵һ¡
õġ
ǭZȼԺ󣬱߽Լİ칫ңҳһҪõļ
Է֪һֱǭZȼߣӰ쵽Ծ˵Ҿ칫źˣ˵ĻһȥСϢģ㲻õҡ
šǭZȼܾͦίԷģ֪ϸи̳ĵĻʵȥҲԵģҵĳԿæԺٸ绰
֪ôԼһͱˡԷԷ֣ҪԼ
ϣԼΪǭZȼĸ
ҲҪǭZȼʱչĸܣһֱǹļϡ
ùʱ򣬻ҪȫͶ뵽֮бȽϺá
ǭZȼģҪ˾£һǺҪ飬Է㲢Ҫŵ
áƵĻҰ칫ϵҲһЩ־㿴ͺˡǭZȼ˿ʱ䣬쵽ˣõļļึˣԼȥֵĻǵ÷Ϣһ
֪ȥɡԷߴǭZȼѾߵſ˵ˣۻҪ
ʲôʱΪǭZȼҪչ˵һأ
оǭZȼ֮ĹϵԵƵġ
ţȥˡҪҪŴҲԷ˵ˣ˼Ͽ첽ȥˡ
ȵǭZȼ뿪ԺԷһİ칫ģֻܹܣǭZȼ칫İ벼á
Ȼ֮ǰÿ춼ǭZȼ͡͡Ǹʱ˼ΰǭZȼðװȥˣǴûôúõزι۹İ칫ҡ
Էڰ칫һȦǭZȼİ칫ϡ
Ҳ֪ǭZȼƽӣΪղżŸȥᣬļŪһңڰ칫ϼֱһƬǽ壬ļ̯߰档
ԷεЦЦҲ¿ϵļһһãһߡ
ȻǭZȼƽʱŵİ칫ϡ
šоƽʱİ칫һֲ̫һĸоء
ӡǰ칫רõӡ
ȥĸоҰϣôһ㡭΢Ĳͬء
Էڰ칫ϵʱע⵽칫Ϸһ򣬷ŵһĿڵƬһǭZȼ˵ĺա
ƬɬԼǭZȼ۵ģԷŻһƬʱڡ
šǭZȼʮյһɡ
ƬĲʵȽͻȻ
ΪǸʱǭZȼΪɣԼ㲻ʲôҪԷȻ붼ûʹӦˡ
ǭZȼֻģʽͷ׼ˣԭǭZȼֱ۵ƣû뵽ǣһ̣ǭZȼͻȻԼ§ĻһȦסԼƣ漴ǭZȼ˿ż
ºԷҲû룬ֻǭZȼġ硱Ǹʱ򡭡ֻǭZȼã߸׼ȷ˵ǡ˵ԼֻܹǭZȼȥ
ܣ֮ǰǭZȼѾ׹ֻǡûаǭZȼġϲ
ǸʱǭZȼ̫ˡ
Է㿴ǭZȼպ󡭡áʺˣԼνġϲһʱһʱĴ
ڣԼҲ֡롰֮УҲѲá
⡭Եô
ǵĻһؾһɡ


211 
֮, ϵ, ǽӰҲͨҲ, Ҳʲô취, ϰʱҪд龭ıҵİ칫ϡǭZȼѲ񱨱ݺݵˤ˻ҵϡ
ټĻ, ÿһԱҳС
֪ж, ǭZȼƢز, ȫû뵽ġ
Ҹ˴𸴵, ֮ǰĿĸ˱Ұ龭ֵ˸Ȼһһĸɸѡ, ֱӹǭZȼָ, ָĹؽصû棬ϲĴҵûôǮһﲻµˡ

ѻȸ, ֻһֱصǭZȼ
𿪻ᣬһй, ˶ķй
˭ҳ, һСľײǹ, ǭZȼˡ
ˣô͵ɢᡣǭZȼϵļҲһ۾뿪˻ҡ
ֻ»һԱ
Ƕ氵ԴǭZȼ쵽ǳʲôըҩˣ˶ǱŻҩƵ, һţŽҪӰ࣬ǾͰ˭˵߾ܾ
С㣬֪ܼôô
ǰǰôô
ѽһſ֣ô£
ǭZȼԶˣһԱ㳯ʰоֵǭZȼΧȥ
Ķǽпᰡֱǿ˵ģʽҸղ඼ųˡ
ǱңҲ֪С˰֣ܾشκ⡣
鰡ƽǸܼ󣬶ٶ֪ʲôɡ
ǲˣǸ鲻˳˸˦ˣô˶Ծ
鲻˳Ц㣬ܼʲôţϵĶǧ𰡣Ǯգ׼׸˭˦ǿˣ
ˣǱ˵ˡص˱ʼǱͶӰĻͲףЩôôԡ
Ǿ¡С֪ʲô͸¶һ£
ߵߵŵ
Χ˱һȥ
߹ʡ
˾Ĺ涨ڱ۱˰ɣﱧļƽ壬ɫƵĿЩߡοܼ໹ǵ˾˾ôѵô
Χһ˵ȣ˵һߣͷһ仰Ҳ˵ˡ
ڡǸղܼЩѾ㹻ɷ̰ˡյһۣԺ󣬹ܺԼ͡²Ϊ򡭡
û˵ȥֻߵǭZȼߣһѻ¼һݸAdaҲĲˣͻذ칫ȥæɡ
ոæ֪꣬ǭZȼڿᣬŻʱ̸һ¹ϵ飬û뵽һײЩĵڱ۱˵˽£ǭZȼ鱻ΧˡЩ״̬Χ˵Ļᡣ
õġмĵ˵ͷлл˵Ժ͸һ뿪ˡ
ղſῪôˣܼ࡭ƢˣȻ˽龭ǸղվſҲ˲٣ӦǷʲô˵顣
šίػش˵ܼ࡭鲻̫õӡ
ã֪ˡ
ߵǭZȼ칫ſڣţõ˿϶Ļظƿ߽ȥ
ԭΪǭZȼ϶üͷڷֻʲô¶ҲȥȻȫû뵽ǣһƿ칫ҵţȻǭZȼЦܿĵӡ
ȻǭZȼǴſ֣ܹü֮УжϳЦ

ôˡǭZȼڸԷ㿪Цأˣӡǽɣ
һ ֲˣֳڼ㣬ҽյЧͼ֪ûʱȥЩ飬ù㿴һ£˳㱨һ¡߽ƽݸȫǴ֮ݣǴӡʵЧʱеϣҾ͸ɴֱˡ 
ðҿ
šհƽݸԺ󣬲ע⵽ԷҲáЩӲشк
ʵ˵Щ⣬֪ԷÿǭZȼԡı㵱£ڲš11㡣
ҿӡաе΢ء
֪ΪʲôЩĵˡǭZȼˣϸһͷڡ
ǭZȼûͷ˵˿֣ǷҲǰ칫ҲŰɡ
áԷ΢Цŵ˵ͷȳȥһ°ɣ̸ˡ
𰡡ǭZȼסԷ㣬ֲˣʲôŲŵġ
ǰЦЦʵҲûʲôҪֻһ㹤ϵС⣬Ҹͨһ£Ͼͺˡǡ»Ӱ쵽ǡ
ôᡣԷҡҡͷ漴һԵɳϣصȴš
ǭZȼרעĽںɰԿ׵֣Ҳ΢΢һ
ղšǭZȼڵʱǭZȼһЩ޹صСս룭иסˣǭZȼԿס
ǭZȼԿװԿ׶һϣǸӡ
ŵİɫСӡ
֮ǰڼǭZȼķ䣭룭ڣİɫСһģһ
ֺͰװһͬһҽԺҩġ
ôţԷüͷͲ
ǭZȼǭZȼ㵽סжҡ
ΪʲôҪأܹ
ܺãǭZȼĴ𸴣ʵҪӡٷݣ
šʮҰɡָͷţŶҪһݣǼලҲҪһݣСȻҲҪһݣȻŻʣ¸һݻΪݡ
ðʮá
ϣˣԭһ䴫㡣ûƽ壬˾ˣһмݺͬҪͲˡ
š
ȵȵȵȡߵſʲôƵ˻֮ǰźǸĿѾʽˣǲμ칦磬ô
ǰǭZȼ͸¶Ų̫Ը˼̶ֿһɳϵԷ㡣
ùҰԷƺǶ˼֪ΪԼԵʶ̫ҪμӵӣȽҪ

ҪǲȥͲȥɡտǭZȼΪѣȥҲһҹ˾ҲֹһȥǴĿ˶ȥģĲȥҵʱ㳶ɾͺ˰
ˡǭZȼ뻹ǾӦһȥɣǶѾԿˣپܾҲⲻȥԺҲкĻᣬǭZȼԼȥᱻԷ˾ΪԼӣպ̫ˡ
ȷ
šҡ
ȷǭZȼԥԷ˾ȥġӦ
տһǭZȼڵǭZȼķӦ
ţҡȥɡȻԷ㶼ӦˣҲûŤˣʲôʱ򣿡
塣
ã°֮һȥ
šյǭZȼԷ֮һȦֱ˿̻ǸϽȽϺãҾͻȥˡ
ȵ뿪Ժ󣬰칫ֻʣǭZȼԷˡ
㲻ҪҰҲСӣҪСZһֱߵġ
ǭZȼߵԷߣɳϣֻ۾һ仰û˵
ң
ǡ
Ϊʲôҡ˼룿
š
أͲ˼ô

Ҳ˼ǭZȼ˶٣żۣ֮ǰһֱ֪뷨˵ԸΪѡ̯ƵʱʵҺܸˣĺܸˡ
š
ԡͨһ顣
ţ
֮ǰ;֣ôͻȻ֮˵Ҫݸ٣Ȼ󻹲ذһסǭZȼסԷ֣칫ҵİҶģİ칫ңûһҲҲžֱӽ԰ȫܶ࣬ڿΪҰɡ
ǭZȼЩھΡ
ԷͨˣԸʵԼ֮ĹϵǸ˵ģͬʱ־ЩھΣΪԷΪ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
˭˵Ϊ㣿ԷһüǭZȼǺɡ
ǭZȼһ㶣ȥԷ۾ıر档
ǰɡѵ⣿
ЩΪ㣬ֻΪԼѡԷ㷴סֽ֣ԼԸΪ֮ĸ飬ĸԸĸ㲻ҪЩԸġǳԼ־ȥЩģ޹ء
ǭZȼô룬αظԼôνĸء

𡣡
š
ŹԡԷ΢΢һЦǰĶͷϡ
壬塣
һ룬绰ˡ
ҽӸ绰Էֻ
á
ι
С㣬Ҵ绰ǼӶ˴ģ˻˵Ѿ÷ˣظϻؼңһԷ
磿
ǡ
Էû̻شʶĿһǭZȼ
ǭZȼԴָָԼǲǸԼйء

ǭZȼԷûзӦԾشյֻԣȥ绰̸ݡ
С㣿˵ػؼҸһԷӶûظظһΡ

ǭZȼˣùԷֻ

裬Ҹ׼ʱؼҳԷġ
õġ
ҵ绰ԺǭZȼŰֻԷ㡣
Ҫһȥ緹
ûʲôԵİɡǭZȼװνƵʼ򣬡Ҳû취׼ı㵱ҵȻ͸һؼȥԷ

⡭ҿһ¡ǭZȼʹվڰ칫ǰӸµĿűڰ칫ϵվգܰҲãҲãʱ䣬ǻǰؼȥסɡ
ҪԷ
Էܹǰװһ¸ҵӣ߼㡭ԷԼ¸ң˵ĻԷеΪѡ
ǭZȼղͨ绰ԷԥΪǵԼĸܣųٳûлش
شǱĲܾ
ʵϣǹǵ飬ԷһڴӦˡ
Է㲻˵ǭZȼҲܹµʲô˵ϣԾƽķʽ߸ĸ֮ĹϵǭZȼͺԷжںͷĸˡ
ԣܹǵĵطԷģ磭ҪŶᾡ㡣
ǡΩһܹİ취˰ɡ
лҪ˵

һЩ
˵һ£֮СZСٴżݺ󣬾Ҫʼд͸յĲˡ
СZСҲǲдˣֻǽȾͻὥˡ
ΪɣǸ־սÿ춼鷢
ļ尾һģÿ춼尾ĵط
ԲҲÿʼ͸յĲˣȻᴩдСZС
ǰ˵һ¡
⣬գ
ʵǣ.ģȻûУ.ѣ
ףԼԶʮ
ϣⱾᡫ
ҸԼһʱ䣬·֮ǰɣȡ֮ǰᡣ
ƪʵҲܳˣҲдͦˣҲҪβˡ
дһʱҲڿĵľ⡣
ĻȿղضһûĻмҦͮһˡ
ʵдĺдȺϷãвǷֵúǴҶǣãУչ˵֡
Ҫ˵ǸãеĻӦþдһһĸ鲻չĲǸãаɡ
ָд
˳Ҳ˵һ£ʱҦͮĲ֣һᴩŻдΪʵȥ˲飬Եòд
Ҫ˻мĹùüǶ໣ϲһ㼧ˣ
ʱ֧
ึ˻УиԶİûãϾǸİϡʵҾҶȡҲͦϵġ
òͻİ
ļӦòдôˡ
˵Ĵžô
лҡ
?


212 
Դӷ䷢ǭZȼԷ֮Ĺϵ쿪ʼ, Ѿȥʱˡ
ҲǴ쿪ʼ, ǭZȼԷһ˼ס
˵ҪԷ, ȥʼ, ɵҲûǿȥϰ࣬Ȼά֮ǰųٵ״̬
Է㲢ûʷ便ûгļ, µ˷ֻǱҲû˵ʲôлĻ
ϾлĻһͷ, һչĻϡ
ûиǭZȼ֮ϵ, ԷȻҲûɵҪȥǹײ, вû£ڸ˵ʲô, ֻάճ״̬
ܽ˵, װɵ
ֻҪ䲻ᣬڡ
⼸죬Է͸û¶һ, óԳԸúȺȣװǼûƵġ
, үղŴ绰˵, ͻˡӶ˸ս绰, ߵ߸үڵ绰˵·ɻһϾͻ
š˵ͷǾ͵, һ԰ɡ
õġ
ڿ輸кüļ沥Ų֪ĵӽĿԷǭZȼڷߡ
ȻԷûлȥϰ࣬û¶ܣĩʱҲԷļʿԹĿ֮øֹûʵɽ˩Լߡ
һλɺϣˣǿΪ֮ˡ
ǭZȼԷ㶼ȴղûеơ
ҲһֱӰѰ칫ĵصĳ˿Էû취صԼķ䡣
ǭZȼʲôҲǭZȼҪȥʲôֻҪȷԷԼԣôҲܹһǭZȼԷ֮ദʱ䡣
һΣβҪپһˣ붼һجһ㡣
Ρ佫ļݵԷСύı顣
šûʲô⡣Է¿һ£һλƽ·񣬡ƽԴϽ棬һ׷ϸڵļõˮ©ġ
𡣡ȽƽԷĻشƺ֮УҲá
šԷļ˷䡣
ʵ÷Щļû塣
տʼͷһʱܹţ磭ӣѷݸļȫһֲ©ĸꡣ
ǣԽ棬ԽѹͲæֵʲôΪĥӲݵİԼ˩Ա߶ѡ
ΪЩļһⶼûУÿһݡѾܹǩϽݣȫҪ޸ģҲȫκε⡣
ԵڣܷʲôļǴһ£Ĵ𰸻ҲǴͬСġû⡱ϣˡͦõġࡣ
ţôʱˣ䲻ûвԼ̬ЩܵʵǷ仹ոһյظû˷ʱ顣
ȻúΣȴһ취ҲûУֻһֱڷš
ĳ棬ǭZȼҲó˵ʲôϾšɣÿ°֮ԾԱһܿࡱ֮⣬Ҳ֪ӦΰοԷźá
Ǵڿ棬Էһֱ˵ϵ飬ǭZȼˣҲһţţûкÿĵӾҲĵؽһԼԼȥЩ飬Իͬʹࡱ
λŮʿһˡſڴԶ
װ£˳ŰĹİһݸӶˣȻߵ˷ǰ˳Էʱ䣬ôæڹ
ְ֡
֡
ڿһ̣Էһ֡þˡĸо
֪ǼҵŮʿҵϵŮǿˣôȰҲóԷɣ˷ļڲ輸ϣȳԷɣ
ðǴһԵġջؽ˫ȣվǱߣ߸Է˵Ȼˣټ
ʽԷܾĻᡣ
á
ˣһĿһʼԷ
ȻԷûеô֣Ϊôãò׻ˣλŮʿӦöǺܸ˲Ŷԣǰ⸱Ĭľ۾
ô˵λŮʿ֮䣬ػصĿֿܾչò̫

Ȼûһ˻ش
ȼȼǲʲô飬ˣǭZȼͷƽͷ
㵽ֵǭZȼʶĿһ۷䣬漴Ʋߣ˵е㲻ûûа
𣿡ûǭZȼӱܣֻǺɵƽ㲻ǻôÿΰְֳ㲻ҰְҪôְһôûô
ǭZȼƲƲͣ㳶һɣҡֲСˣŲôĵ顣
ߣڵǳӲ˰ЦЦô˵ְ㲻Ҫˣ
ҪȻҪԼϰ֣Ȼְ㶼ˣʢȴһǻµġ
ǣ˵εҡҡͷϵǹЦݡ
С㣬ְҲ׼ת򵽹ɵĴŮϣЦᣬת䣬ָϷ֣ţҲ׼׼һ⡣
š
ллְ֡
˵СؼҳԷְ֪Ҫˣؼҿְֵ𣿡
šԷ˵ͷ뻹ǾԼȽϺãְ֣Ұؼסˡ
𣿡⻰ɸˣԭͲ̫ԷȥסŮж᲻ˣԷűףһˣ̫ˡԺס𣿡
Էһ۷䣬̩Ȼĳŷ޷Ӧšǰɡڼסġ
ǺðȻԷû˵ԺסȻˣʱӦòٰȥĻǸ˵ģȻˣͶסЩӡ
š
;һ˵ġæн
Ȼ˷䣬ȥԺʼ͸֮ǰ˵һԷڿĹ
ǭZȼһͬһԼķ䡣
ȵԷ뷽ġħצѾʮԺˡ
Ƶ¥ȥͬʱҲעŷĶȷԼԺԷżӿŲ¥
ûȻԼ䣬ȥǭZȼķ䡣
ԷţûзӦԼ˽ȥ˷һȦûпǭZȼӰһΪǭZȼ岻ԡŻ£ߵԡȴûп
̨ҵǭZȼ
Է̨ĲţǭZȼվ̨ϣַŷֵıӰԵįѹ
̨ߣע⵽ǭZȼָһ̣һԵİɫСԲϣ̺У̻Ҹ׺ʹ
Է㿴ǭZȼָһһȼţͷðŰɫ̣üһ塣
ʲôʱѧˣ̨ĲţߵǭZȼԡ
ǭZȼһ㶣֪ԷʲôʱԼķ䣬Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼվԼԣһϳְյı顣
ôشң
ûҲ̣ġǭZȼеԱСԲϵ̻Ҹһ˵ֻżûͷʱ򣬻һ֧ζͷԻһЩ
ǻᣭ̣ǰ̻ͦ׵ģһѧ˺ܶ࣬ûô
ֻʼ̫ã״̬Ҳܵԡ
һ쿪һСſڵʱ򣬿Ųڷŵһ̷㶣ȻҲ֪ôģ³ȥһŮʿ̺ʹ
̻ҸҲ͵͵ģƽԺ󣬶̻Ҹ׺úòûбֹ졭̫һЩʱ䣬û뵽ͱԷץ˸š
Է㿴ǭZȼϨ̵Ķֵܾ쳣Щ̫ӡ
ҴӲ̵ġȻֻһ
ֻζҲСԷϵ̻Ҹף̺лд߻˷䣬ҵͰȻĶȫӽͰ̱̱Ҫ塣ЩȫûˣһҾӶ˸ӵ㲻ˡ
ǭZȼԷӣЦ˵á
ǭZȼʵЦţǸЦݡԷôԵô㲣ͻȻ֣һѱסǭZȼ
ÿĹˡǭZȼҲ֣§סԷ㡣
ԷûлشֻǽͷǭZȼĲǼĳԣһ£漴ƵǭZȼĶߣҲϲϵζ
Ժ󶼲ˡǭZȼԷĺ󱳣֤
ģ
ţġ
Ҳ㣬ô졣
ǡôſأ
Ҫ׿ڸ˵ңǭZȼԺ󶼲ˣֻǵ̲ζҲСԷ뿪ǭZȼĻĿ
áǭZȼͷӦңǭZȼԺ󶼲ˣֻǵ̲ζҲС
ţ㡣ԷչСգ±סǭZȼ
һΣøˡ
Ҹô졣
Ҫô֡
лҪ˵

ҵףллףտ֡
סһףһһ˭ӲţŨq?
Ȼ˵һ¡
Ǹ־ս
ĸı׳ԡ
㾭öҲ׳ԡ
öֻǳıҪǰᣬҲ˾ܹġ
ĳʱٵľһȷѪ갡
ʵ˵ģٵĸĸܹŮϲͬԵġ
˽⵽ģ㸸ĸѧʶٸߣΪٿ֪ŮϲͬԵʱ򣬵һӦǲܺͷԡ
رŮӸŮ֮䣬ԵΪǿҡ
ΪŮԱܵƽĶԴкӣŮҪһȥҪ˷Ķࡣ
һŸոտʼһһЩֻ˵ϣԺԽԽðɡ
˵
ٴθлҵףĸл
?ţ



213 
ǭZȼվİ칫ǰ, ԵЩִٲ, ϵһ䲻ģ, ˿ûб¶ĵ, ǿװ񱨸棬һ˾ı仯
Ժ, ĺ飬ص˹˾ϰ, Ҫĵһǿʼ˾ļ, 翪һ, һɢǭZȼеԼİ칫ļ, µķһ, 㿪ʼǭZȼһ˾Ķ
Ȼ뿪һ˾﷢ʲô仯, иףҪ׿ǭZȼ˵, ǭZȼ뷨
˵֮ǰһ˾ֹ£ָڡ
ǡǭZȼûз, ѡ˵ȥ, ǰڵĿûн壬ѾˣԱҲѾ
Ѿˣļһ٣ǭZȼԱְ, Ҳô
ԡǭZȼ˵ͷԴģ·ҲԼලõģ⡣
šӦͷеļ˵ء
ǭZȼĵģЩûףǼʼ㱨Ȼǡ
ȵе飬һ㱨Ժ˵ÿˮˣž΢һšϣЩˡ
СǭZȼ壬֮ǰģ˾һй˾֮ǰǺĿͬһȥԷ
ǰҲУϾԺкܴĺܡ˵ͷ˵һϲԼţɣ극ȥ䳪ʲôġ
ǣǭZȼεЦЦ֪ĵطԺ󣬾̲ס˸ۣǶѾӦˣҲٸĿ˵ȥˡ
ȥɣЩӦ꣬Ҫϰߵģ˾ʼһҪȥġΪףȲǭZȼȥϣȥʶһ£ɱ̫ƣٺһ㣬ؼҡֳϣ㲻̸⣬ҲⲻҪȼơ
ȥȺƵĿܣ磭ǱȽϴ󣬵ǭZȼϾǸŮӣٻǻЩİȫġ
ֲֳ֪ûȥǭZȼν̯̯֣ǵһξֳˣӦô֪ġ
ãµҲˡļ˰칫ϣϵ飬Ѿ˽һˡôΪŮݣĿɡ
ǭZȼһ㶡
ɱŪҡָָǭZȼһѾˣաҪر˵˰ɣʲôӣӦúôڸְ˵˵ְֲڼһ£﾿ʲôɡ
鰡ǭZȼ۾𴦣ְô֪Ļ費ôӶʲôġ
ร
ҡʱҲڼҰôءԺһֱûеҹԷеκһˣɼ䲢ûаԼԷ֮
Ȼ䲻˵ǭZȼҲ˵顣
㵹ǻƲϵڰ칫ϣҪ֪ĻҲͲˡ
ǰϣʷʱ龰

ţô۲۰
մӿ˷䣬Ѿϴͽߣʼ򣬡æܶôÿСǺ̸ϵأڷųô
ɵԷѾ˼ʼųˣûбҪȥܹϵ顣
һѾݼٵˣô֪һͷβ̣Է㲻ǾˣҲûá
ֻʿԷԹϵ뷨Ҳ˵ùȥǴʼÿϣ䶼ƱػԷڿ̸۹
ʱǰͿʼˣʱſʼսʱ䣬ضʮԺ
һ벻ⶼѡ
ҾԹϵļ⡣˵һȻ۾ĦʱţЩᱳʹġ
ڰ칫æϻؼڿԷ̸嶼Ӳˡ
ǣСڷżô̽ʵǺӶôûЪˣò׷Ÿһ£һ̸ֱ𣿡
㶮ʲôһ٣Ϣ̫ãѹϵȫԺ⵽ʱٻȥ˵лͲˡ
΢΢㶣漴һЦװû·ޣԭ
ǰĵô˵һ䣬̾һ±۾˵
оĻرܣҲټ⡣
ˣ㲻˵ҪȥСģĸôһʱ㻹ڼҡһʱ䣬ֶԲϣ˵һʱѾѾˣڼҰǡûȥ
Ƚæڴһ䣬վȥϴˡ
˵꣬һ±Ƶڴϡ

ʵ˵㣬ǲǳˣüо˵ǳֲܺôС
ҪǳܵĻÿԷ̸ôܲǲ˵ô
˵ˣȽϿһǭZȼ֮䶼ûô˵
˵׼ǭZȼͷ䳳ˣȻ󡭡ԷТ˳ŷ䡭̸
ҡǭZȼһҲ֪
㡭ƲƲ죬Щûˣǵʲôң
ûĹϵĻҾȳȥˡǭZȼ˵꣬뿪İ칫ҡ
ֻʣһ˴ڰ칫ơ
˵Ůһ̨ϷŮˡݵһʲôϷء
ʼ벻һͷ
˲°ʱǭZȼʱȥ˸յİ칫ңôʰһ׼߰ɣ
ޣðȴ绰
ۣǸ㱨һ°ɣ
ʲô͸ˡЦЦȻʼӰֻΪ˱ģһٸ绰˵һȽϺã˳Ҫǵȥշѧ
ֻŲͨ˵绰
ιŵ绰յĶС
ţҸոʰãڳȥԷտǭZȼվһζĿ⣬̲סƲƲ죬ֻߵһԣǵȥշѧУϺúóԷȵһһῴ׼ģҾؼңġ
áһЦҽ°ˣѾȥշѧ·ˡͲõҸˣٺȵƣʵڶ㲻ĻںȾ֮ǰԵ㶫ӣȻǵ·һ̺ȵ̿Խƣ¸ղԶŶӺȾƣθ
֪
˼䣬Ź˵绰
ǶѽǭZȼȻЦȴ¶Ľ
տǭZȼüҲ֮ǰÿ춼ޱ㵱ô
ǭZȼֻŴҡҡͷûжͣ
ף졭ôǭZȼָڵֱӰˡ¥㣬ȥͣ
һһⲻ˺ȾƵģơƻǺƣմһҲܿ

ҡ㻹ſȥͿҽڲú˰ɣտǭZȼһĪı飬Ͳµôˣ֮ǰ̸ͬʱҾ˵õɣǱӲźһСο컹ǹ˾Ҳȥƽ﹤ʱ򡭡ǶôϸýôõĻᣬǻŹô
һεĶǭZȼļ򣬸ˡ
ǭZȼͣˣָָգһԴ˵öԣ֮ǡǾԲܷŹǵġ
԰ɣһ˵ţһ߳ݣҸƿ̣Ȼȥɡ
ϣˡ
лҪ˵
¡
дݻûдꡣ
одԺϾµˡ
ȸһ°ɡ

Ȼ˵һ£һ



214 
絽ڵѧУ, ½кӴУſڳ, ЦЦ, ڵİ༶ߡ
áȻǵһշѧ, ȻˣǸյʦкȽϺá
áյʦ˰༶ſ, ǣյСߵǰһֱܹԵġյСԴ
ллչˡǣСյ, ʦһߵл, һס

Ǿˡ
õ, ټ
ʦټСʦ֡
ټ
ǣź, ͷ, ͵źһĶСġ
۽ǵע⵽һ㣬ͷ΢Ц, ôˣǲˣͣڸҪһ·, Ҫ̱𣿡
, ҿԼߡ
á
ȻԼô˵, ҲǿϾ·Ҳ̫Զͼ׶ѣ뿴ʲô̴ȥ, ʲôม
ȡ˳簲úøգȴٳûзӣתѯʸգóʲô𣿡
̣أһ·նûƼգԭΪڳϵԼȴֻˡ
Ӧ꣬ҪһܻؼҡԽ죬Ͱ̸ˡĽԺΪΪղߣûʲôȫУûϵ̻һֱյģóʲô𣿰ھʹȥԣ
ԡתתӣ˼˵Ա衭ƽնôԣΪ¶еͣ˻
谡룬ƽղøճԲûģѵСˡ
̡Сգһ˫۾ëģϹЦݣдڴ
ãͱɡһʱ֮ûסӦˣ֮ܣԸ䡣ҡֻܳһ㡣𣿡
ţܹԵԵĶСնˡ
Сָ
СҲԼСָסСָ󻹸˸¡
ЦЦȻ㿪ȥ˸ռҸĳС
衣Źﳵ䶳Ĵţ˳㿴ûʲôҪõƷ
ﳵòģ¿СȥڿһλϻаȫֹСѲСûˤˣǷƷƷԴ˿СɰԼ
š翴䶳ƷͻȻһ뷨ҧҧ΢΢С˵գ硭ԣûǸо飬ҲôѰɡ
Сչ˹ͣû˵ֱںע£űŤؿ˵̡𡣡
Сôһʣ绹ǡ֪λشأ
СԾעź磬úЩ顣
ðɡ̻ǴȥԺˡһ£ǷˣɹؼǣѹûһѸռҵĳˡ
ЩƷиСյı裬ȥŶӸˡ
Сȥ˸Ĳһһһؼҡ
ؼҺ󣬺翪ůͿʼѴӳĶãȵﶼůԺӱóݸСա
ůԱ裬ô
ԺʲôأƽĻ˵Сճ극͸ȥдҵˣ壬絹ҲСһҪȥҵʲôġ
ҡò׺˵ദһ£ȻϣܹûᣬСһ¸飬ԼĺøУϲԼ
Сձ߳ű裬ɳϿŵﲥŵĶƬš׽Բأ
㶣áһڴӦ
ǣҪร
ãġСһ龫ģЩ̿СǼ
ûһСվͳ˱裬ȥӵ֮󣬱㿪ʼԼϷ
С˵ˣ̨ȥҰ̨ҪСնȥ̨ΣգʣµģÿһطԶ
ʱڡ
ںҲСյĻ䣬ҵˣС
˶ùԺ󣬺վ̨űߣ۾С̿ʼҵط
ʵʵشһʮȻʼһһҡ
ѡĵطǿͳЩԶ׼ĵطһȦûӰ㿪ʼ
ȥСԼķ䣬ϣ££棬¹棬ûˣȥԼյңһ飬ûˡ
Ȼԡң󡭡ֻʣ鷿
翴鷿յţԴЦҡҡͷû뵽ԴһôĶԴϷרĵĳ̶ȿȿʱˣֱȫעô
òϣСһȷͦ˵ġ
ŵĴ鷿ţȻЦ˵գ̽
ͻȻƮһ£Ƴ¶½ǣûдôͽϷߵĵطװ˵ģ׼ʱ䣬µӦð಻סʱ򣬲ȥ
֪ͲڴԲԣЦߵߣȴƿ˵һȻִŴֱӱסСա
֪Сʱ򣬾˳ŴһȥȵʱСѾӴ˳ڵǱȥˡ
Գܾȵӡ
Сתĺ磬̲סЦǺǺǡǺǺǺǡץң
ţ𡫡ģȻһ˫֣ҪץƣǱܹȥھץ㣡
Сռ״ܣСܵùˣһӾץסСա
Сʶһӣһʱ֮ûվȣһˣϡ
ܵ˳ײڷŵ飬Ųĵ
ˡ
ûϵͺˡյСԴοûµġ
ȻſСգѵڵϵһһʰá
Ǹصءеֱ̯ҳʱ˳һݣյม
裬䡣
ЦЦһʱ죬˵ˡ衱СյǸ˵ţǰ˵ˣǡյ
ţ͵صͷ

翴ƶģһ㶡
˵
һμյʱҲ˵

ãรҽк硣أ
裬䣬Ӵ

衭䡭
̣Сտ翪ʼա
ţջעĺ磬̧ͷСյһ˫۾ͻȻǰЩģ
ȷյ۾ôء
۾ӦǸյһɡ
뵽εҡҡͷѼ鶼ãڻվʼһһķš
ŵ屾ʱ۾ϵһ
İڷǿ֣Ӧӡ
ȥҵʱ򣬸նпСʱӣԼ֪ǰʲôأոСʱʲôӡ
ЦЦЩģʣµ飬ŵһߣȥһᡣ


215 
ոǭZȼһ, ڳ๾ࡱĺ, ͣóֱӽ˻
쿴
ǱǱߣ
ܼ͸߹ˣ
, ܼ͹˰
Ƕ˺þˣ
տǭZȼ, ЩΣ˵, 㿴ɣȻһ, ȫŹǡϰڷŵļƿơ
, ʱ, ּˡԷ˾ĺվߵ, ΢΢, ֣ǴкⲻҪһ
á
, þò
ǭZȼ͸ҲֱԷĸ֡
˵ˣ׷, ϯԷ
һʼ, ֮, ԵЩнϾƽﲢô죬Ҳ˽ԶԷ˽ͽӴҲͽ֮ǰϵĺദ
ټ֮ǰĺ֮һȺһʱûϵ, θôûԷֱͬԷ˴֮ȻЩŲ
ôҾԸµͷˡԷĸ֮һƱվȣǴΪ֮ǰҹ˾һл˴֮Σ뻥ﻥ
˵ǰ
ǣ
Ϊɱ
ⶼǸ갡
ɣ
ãһһ
һ˶ǳҲǳͶļУƱһɱһ
ձ˼һ£ûϵһܳôĵزεĸһ𣬸һơ
ǭZȼüûһ£һһ
ˣôڶǵܼ࣬˵仰ɡԷĸ˽ָǭZȼԡ
ͻȻ㵽ֵǭZȼǵܶ࣬ĬһȻΪԼֵһƣ漴վˡ
еĿⶼϣ촽ϣôڶΪպܸõĺһɡڴңһվͬһսϹͬŬ
ã
ܼ˵á
´εĺ
ӦúܿɣĿô
ҮǴҺܹܿ˰
ڶ
һһһ
ʣµıγһĵĹ涨Ƶģֵ߹˾ʣµĸԡ
ռЩΣҲӲͷ˵ע֮һݽ
ϵձԽԽУ˴֮ķİҲʼж
һճˣǶĵһȥˣǭZȼˣҲ΢ܹһǵߣһ١ɡ
ôŵʱ򣬶Էĸ˲֪ʱλãֱǭZȼߵλϡ
һάһлһչδ
Ȼ󡭡ʼ뵽˽˻⡱
ϲģʵ̲ס˸ۣҪǿͬôڣǹ˾ְԱ¾Ʊðˡ
ⶼʲôʲôѽ
Իǡ칦硱˵ʲôΪ˸лһα˴֮Ĭĺ޼䣬ʲôΪһܹõĺҪ˴˵ľ룬˴֮ĸ顣
ҪΪܹҹ˾ܹദøǢҲˣɵڣȴʼγԷʼĿˡ
˵ġ칦硱ףֻ˳ģҪΪ£ǭZȼɡ
ǵģ£
ڣꡣ
Ǳȵġ
ԷλУ磭˶ǵһ൱ʵӡ
ǡԶԷ˵뿿Ѿش൱ˣҪûʲôͣ磭ˣš˼ҪŮȥ绰
ŮԷһƺȫûϵѾкˡ
ԣѾСѧˡóֻʾֻƬǸա
Էһ±ƣòЦЦֻȻߵһԣĸ˸绰
ιӵ绰Ǻ磬л
šﻹ𣿡ΪһȺųԷ˵ЦģԸߵߵȥ绰κߵ̫࣬ЩӣòǺ
ܺãشıȽϼ򵥣ڴء
Ǿͺáաûʲôɣ
ɺÿɿˡ˵Ժ󣬰ֻĻͲ׼Сյߣʾ˵䣬䣡㲻̫ร̴ڳԺóԵģҲԺóԵİɣ
Ů˵̲סһЦ
ڣ˰ɣ
ţġյ˵ͷʹҲҪ̫ˣɱʲôþܾģǵþܾźá
ĪĸоôøǲµӦ͵͵أҡ
Ǻã԰ɣյദˡյǴŵЦ⣬ӺСദúܺãҲͦ˵ģһɨ֮ǰڰ顣
šĬһŰ⻰ʳڣʲôʱ
СǺðȫùô࣬Ҳ̫ܹ࣬˵ԼĻ
Ǿ䡰ҲҪ˵ģϧǡǰ̹ף޷Ԥ˵˼
šձ˵¾һߵģɿӰ߳ˣ֣Ծǳģû취εظߺ磬ǵһЩˡ
ûϵһչ˺յġ
á
󣬵绰ߡ
صʱе綼ѾԵ߰˰ˣҲѾʰˣ͵ˡ
ǡ
ǴתĿĵˡԷ˽͵ҽ춼Եúܿģ񶼻δӣҪһˣתս¥ϵģˣԣ֣Ѿˣ͵绰һȥˡ
ޡȫûҽˡ
ǭZȼһȺ˶ȴʼе㲻Ծι㡭ô£
ͳȥ˸绰뿪һһԺôоǭZȼʼˡ
û¡ǭZȼæڰ֣ղŶԷˣһҡɱ˵ǡơҶ˼
ƲƲ죬һʹߣɱٺˣҵһᣬһɡ
ǭZȼû˵ֻڳһϣˡơ
ˣˣԣԺ˶һӵΧڵԱߣղųԷѾԳ˸飬ټϾƾ¶ȼƣ˵˵㶼ʼˣˣԣֵİѾʼֺ
ǭZȼһǣĬĬر߳Զַͬļ׸衣
ȻһȺ˵Ĵӵ£ȥ衣
ѡһףñȽϷܣŲݲ£ҪȺѾ˵ˡ
ɲ֪ǵµ˺Ⱦƺ̫࣬¶˻̫ӣշܵĳԺ󣬵»һˡ
ǭZȼĬŵһסûô򵥡
ִЩͳɤʼɢڰ֮Уĳֿʼĸƽ

ûô

ǲ
ֻǿ
˭ıɱҵ
ûô
ȥȫ
ʵ
ҲҲһ

Ҹûô
Żر
ʲô


ĵȴ
ĵļ

ǭZȼ˫ֱ˷磬רעضŸĻر顣
տǭZȼܾáر𡭡رĲԾ
һ
һϡ
ǭZȼ̨¾˸ǸлңȻĬߵλźƿʼһһĺȡ
ιֶĺƿյĶС˵ʲô
ǭZȼֻεЦһ仰Ҳ˵
տǭZȼľګģ˶ˣסǭZȼ˴㣬ֻԷģһ͸һˣﰡ
ǭZȼûлش
ʱյֻһǸİ룬ǿƺͦģǭZȼ⸱ģ뿪ǭZȼȥӵ绰Ͱѵ绰ˡ
û뵽չҵ˵绰Ǹ绰ִˣֻһֱһֱ죬˭ʲô¶û취ֻøǭZȼ˵ҳȥӸ绰㡭ٺȵ㣡ϾͻҪٸҶȣСȥҡС㡯״
ڡС㡱ĸҧСֻǭZȼ
û취ֲܹǭZȼô죬ֻðǭZȼˡ
ǭZȼͻȻ˷ӦƵģץסȥӵ绰ĸգҪ
ǭZȼۿͻȻˡ
һǴŻŻǭZȼģҲûĸԷ˵㰴סǭZȼ֣ģο˵ˣҲġҳȥӸ绰Ͼͻ
á
ߵ󣬸սͨ˵绰ιãǸգǣ
ǡ
ʵ̫ˣΧİҲܴ󣬵¸ò˼һ£òǺΪ˳ؽ绰ߵǰ̨Ǳȥˡ
ã˵˭ˡ
գԷ㡣Է´ŵʱ䣬ǭZȼӦûؼˣ׳ǭZȼԷĻַ˸ڰ˷䣬Ȼ󿪳ǭZȼȥ
ޡ˵Ǹ绰ôôأǰӵԷĵ绰һֱû棬ôˣ
СZؼҵġҸ˺ܶ绰ûӣԡֻô鷳ˡԷ򵥵Ľ˼䣬Ѿڣſˣڼ¥ǰɣ𣿡
ޣðð¥ֱɣҾǰ̨
õġ
ûһԷջˡ
ˡվ͸Ƶģ߰ɣһڰſڵңҽȥСȼȻͰȥɡ
ʲô𣿡Էɵʵ
ջǲǭZȼǸ˵ģԷˣҶͦ˵ģԡСȼΪϵܼ࣬˹˺ܶƣȻֻǺơҸоȵͦġ
֪ˡԷͷӿ˲Ÿһ˰ſڡ
Ȼ߽ȥԺ󣬿һȦûпǭZȼץһͬʵܼأôˣ
ܼడղᵹ˵Ҫȥϴּ䡣ץסͬ½˼䣬ҸղŻ˵ҪҪŮͬ·һȥ˵ˣһҪԼȥҾûñͬ¸ˡ

򴽣߳˰ᡣ
Է㿴һ˳ģʵСZأ
棬ͬ˵ȥϴּˡ
ȥϴּˡԷǭZȼˣһ׳¡
šǭZȼ֮ǰۿӣе㵣ģҲû˵Ҹһȥ
Էһϴּ䣬ƿžͿǭZȼͷʪյģķ˿ճϣҲǺģڵϣϴأ


ǰȥǭZȼ
ԷĿǭZȼͻȻ˫һҲǰá
Сȼվͷˣô˰
ҡҲ֪
ˣȱ˵ˡץסֱۣȸСؼҰɡ
С㣿ǭZȼ񣬿ʼ۽С㣿
԰ؼҰɡ
ҪǭZȼҡͷҪҪҪ
ʼǿҵŸգĻû뵽ķӦͻȻôһƵ˵ϣǭZȼһʱ֮ʧصϡ
ֱԴԼͷҲӣҲӵġ

ԡ
ԡ
ԡ
ҡ

סˣûмӵǭZȼ
عԺʶģƳԷ㣬ûĻԷ۾ѾˣϹۣɴʼգûٿǭZȼһ
СȼߵǭZȼߣ§ס侲һ㣬侲һ𡣡
㲻ҪҲҪңҲؼҡǭZȼͻȻץסյ˫磬ǽڶ͹Գ㣬Ҳӡ

Ҳһжҡ
Ҳӵġ
㣬Ҫ
ǭZȼ˵Ժ󣬱Ÿյ


ճĬһ֪ǭZȼڿޣҲǭZȼղŻĿǻáҴӦ㣬ҲҪ㣬ᡭ
תͷһվڲԶԷ㣬Ѿ˫סԼͣǿŲԼ޳ˣҧҧۿҲʼ죬ᡭӡ
ǭZȼ̧ͷĿŸգ𣿡
ġռѵأˣ´ұ֤֪췢顣
ǭZȼ˵ֻǵͷͷˮҲճᣬƳһţϣѾģ
лҪ˵
໡
¡
һдҪдĲˡ
Ȼʱ仨еá
ڳֵĸʲ֣͹СZĲ֡
ϸƷȻ߿ʳøӡ
һ¼
ҺڿľС
¸ܶľУ
µӴ
ûиң


216 
ϴּ, ž
ǭZȼط, ץŸյ, Ҳʧȥ, ˶˸յĻ
˫ִǭZȼ⣬ס, ڱĵϡ
Ĭš
˭ûдһ̵ĳĬ
˭û˵һ仰
ϴּ, ϶شӵ, , һʡĬĵط
ǭZȼӸղ˵껰֮󣬾һ, չ, Ӧ̫˯ˡ
ֵ˺һ֮󣬸ոоǭZȼ, ƽȵĺΪȷһ, С˵, Сȼ
ûлӦ
㡭˯ô
ԾûзӦ
ؼң֪ǭZȼǲ˵, Ըش˯ˣ̽

ȻǭZȼûлش
ȷˣǭZȼȷ˯ˡ
ЩķǭZȼߵԷ, Էߣһۡһ۶ѣͿԷۿˮͨ˫ۣۣȴʼһûз
ղ߽ϴּ䣬һ۾ͿǭZȼڵذϵӣ֮ûеһʱߵǭZȼǰǭZȼԸǸȻӰɡ
Է㽫ƳһߣȥǭZȼ˫ԾסԼͣκεĿ
ǣѾ˳˫
̾һÿһֻ֣ӿڴóֽݸԷ㣬ɣ㡣
лл㡣ԷŨصıл۾ȴ޷նӣתøտı飬ֽӹֽ
շǭZȼ߳ϴּ䣬ҲĵΪϴּĴţûãģ
գһ۱ԼŵģѾ۾˯˵ǭZȼҲžһһš
óֻͨѶ¼ҳһҲμ칦ͬµĵ绰룬˳ȥصȴŵ绰ͨ
ûһ绰䴫ľǰ硰Ǻһǹŵ绰࣬߹ʣʲô°
СŰܼеˣҴھȥˡȻҪ뿪ܵý䣬Էĸ˵һ£ҸܼܱǸǰ뿪ˣܹһˣԣֵķɣһ˵ֱӽAda
õġϾ͸ǽ͡
УҸܼİڰ棬鷳һóôڷܼ࣬Ҳ̫áտһ۱ϵʱ䣬ӰɣӺڰſڵңҷܼ
õġ
ҵ绰Ժ󣬸ճغһڣԷ˵šǡԷ㡭֪ӦôƺԷźãԵЩŤҴСȼȥǱһǵİҸͬ˵ˣͳ¾ֱǰ̨ǰɡ
ֱΪ̫ʺð˿Է㣬Է飬óΪһܣֻԷ֪ͺˡ
벻˵ӦñܻһԷǭZȼ֮Ĺϵ飬ǭZȼͲϣԷڹ۳֣ԡΪ˱ͬ¿պǭZȼǰ˵©죬ǱԷָǽӴȽϺá
߹ʡΪСšͬ£ѾúǭZȼ͸յİڰſˡ
ãлл㰡һù˵İڼϣ鷳ˡ
СŵɫȽȻƺûȶٵӣҲͦѵģ⣬ҰĻתԷ˾ĸˣ˵ܼˣ˵ǸеܱǸΪǵԵʣܼ˺ܶƣԽһѾˣ
ҲãһҸлһǡյ˵ͷ˵ڴһεĺϣ´κ졣
õģ֪СЦ˵ܼ࣬·Сġ
һġ֮ǰǶ˵˼䣬һʱ˵ʱ⼸Ůͬһ뿪ȥɣ̫ˣϡעⰲȫ
֪ġлл߹ʡС֪յ˼ǹǼŮͬµİȫ΢Цŵл
š
ţһѾ˯˵ǭZȼȥǰ̨ԷѾˡ
˼ҸղŸͬ¶˵˼䡣
ûϵԷתϸյߣѾָ糣̬Ȼƺšм飬Ҫ㡣
ţ
Ȼô˵ĺܱǸǡղŵΣҲˡԡĻԷԵЩݵӣֻʱ䣬ǭZȼ״˸֮⣬Ҳ޷ȥбˣܲܰ㣬չСZһءֻǽͺá
Է˵Ժ߲ԾؾǭZȼ˯
İǭZȼؼҵĻֻǸհͻؼҵĻѹܻỳɵİɡ
Ȼû⡣˼һ£ҼҲǺܴ󣬿ֻί˯鷿ˣȻһᾡչġ𣿡
Ϊںסһûа취úȥ鷿ǱϢ
ȥƵ꿪һĻǲڷ䲻õ⣬ǡղܴǭZȼȥ
鷳ˡԷ¶ЦݵлֻԵúƣӡ
ҡҡͷ
ðɡԷùմڼϵİûȥǭZȼ»ᳳǭZȼ
á˼Ҳǿ
շǭZȼǰ棬ԷŰں棬һǰһĳ˻
ͱ˰ɡսһ£µһ¡СZڳϻѹڿĻͲˡ
šԷס
ģ飬ҲҲ˵ȥġձ֤飬ֻҸ֪
лл㡣
С
ֻһȳԺǭZȼúԷȴĿԷĲ֮ǰǭZȼǸʹӣ̲סʳڣСȼ֮䡭ʲôˣ𣿡
֪ǭZȼԷ֮飬Ӧö죬ǡΪǭZȼĺѣʵڿۣҲʵѾ̲ȥˡ
Ӻ֮ǰԼ俪ʼǭZȼĲԾˣڳʲô֪ҩûϸʣֻǭZȼһ£ͱǭZȼȥ
Ƕʱ䣬ǭZȼ˵״ֿ̬ܲܲÿɫҲܲܵģƫƫǭZȼֱտڲԣ޿κΡ
ֱ죬ۿǭZȼûյĹ˶Ƿϴּذϵһ̣ʶˣǭZȼԷ֮⾿жء

Բ𡭡ҲӦöġտԷĳĬΪԷκΪˣǸ˵ͻˡ
Էҡҡͷڰ֣£㲻ҪǸ
Է㿴һڳ˯ǭZȼҸСZ֮䡭ûгܣֻǡҧҧϸյ˫ۣ˵衭Ҹ֮Ĺϵ
Щȣ漴ƽһվҪģҲվģֻʱ⣬ףԭ
ԡСZ鲻ãŸⷽ棬ЩϵɡԷֶ˶٣ͷЩԳ˵ҲܡҵԭΪҵ̬ȡеʹҲ˵ɡ
ԷЩѹֵ̾һ֪ӦôźãҪôܹǭZȼĵţǾԲ뿪ء
ҪôǭZȼףֿ飬Լһ޵ء
Сȼܽ㣬Ҳں㡣մûжԷ˵ЩʶôãӦһʼҴûмôֹ
Է㿴Ÿգûнӻ
ԣҲҪ̫ѹˡƺ뵽һЩȥ飬ƳһߣЩƮ顭ӦһԵġϲˣӦֻܹһҸͿֵˣѹʹҲӦһһе
Է̧ͷ𴦵ĸգܾá˵ԼǭZȼ֮飬ֺ񡭡ͨԼǭZȼ˵ű˵һ㡣
ǡɡ
׶ǭZȼģڸո֮顣
ллЩĸյļǸлҲǰοɣһúÿӦôġ
Ͱ΢΢һЦٶ˵ʲôһչ˺ġ
лл
ԷлԺ߽ߣͷ̽ͷȥעǭZȼ˯ա
˯ò̫ȣƺ˯ú죬ܳЩľζԷ򴽣˹ȥĴһǣС˵
漴վֱ塣
ǾͰˡ
ġ֣ص˵ȻųԷ
ԷվԭأǭZȼĳﳤȥ
˺ܾúܾãֱ׵ʧҹĻ֮Уת߻ػȥͣȡؼҡ
صѾٽҹˡ
źļĵش򿪼ţŵĴԼķȥ
֪һƬĿȴȥˣôڲŻ
Էһһ漴Ŭƽһ±׵࣬ԼƽһЩе飬ҳȥһ£㲻Ҳ֪ô
֪˵ͷȼȼҲûлһΪȥء
ԷͣغһȻߵһߣ˿Ŀأҵе飬ĳêˣȥһ£˳ؼҡ
һԷ۾Ϊղһֱںڰ֮УͻȻĹߣ۾ЩС
䵹˿Ӱ죬ֽǰޱĿԷ㡣
รĸѰü˵ѣӦöʶ
Է˶٣漴˵ǡͮͮӦ꣬㿪ؼҵģӰ·êˣȥȼ
Էʵ˵ģ뵽ϴη˼һƣȻڷ֪֮ûʲôˣҲڶԼǸʲô̬ȣΪ˱ף˵һȽϱյ֡
ͮͮͻȻЦһ£ͮͮг˹ôõδڣô飬δ򣬷أ
ΪԷ֪϶ôʣͮͮ˹֮䣬һЩ⡭ԣҳ˹ʹ绰Ҿȼˡ
һЩ⣿ЩŽɵӣʵʲô⣿
ҲԷ˰֣ԡԼһԷһһԷʱòһء
俴Է񣬱ϬûٶȥƺԷ˵ǡ
ˣ˵㡭ôû˯Էߵǵ˵ʱˣҪϢ
ⲻǿȥһֱûôʼɫ糣ȼȼǺҲǵģְ˵Ҫȥǰĸ˳Էʲôģû
ޡ
㶼𣿡̽ʵ
ҡΪѾ˰ԷҲԴ㿴ⲻǣջôһΪؼء
ˡ

ҸղŸ绰ˣҴȥʱȼȼȥϴּ䣬ǸǺӽӵġ˼䣬˵ǽԷ˾ĸĵúܾˣ˶һƣҶûһҲû취ȼȼӦûڸҵطϢһǺӻ˵ˣæչȼȼģǱġ
มԷ˵ͷ
ˣȻҲˣҾͻطȥϢˡ˽ϵС磬վط˯ˣʱˣҲطϢɡ
ðԷ΢Цŵͷ裬
ţ
ȵȷϷ˷䣬Էȥ˿ĵƣԼķ
͸ҦͮһϢ
ͮͮȣ
㣬ҵ飬Ҫҽһ
ΪӦԺ󣬴㿪ؼңĳ·ȴêˣΪ˹֮䡭һ⣬ѡ˴绰Ұæ
ǣҾͿȥ㣬㴦ê⣬Ȼ˼ҡ
Ĺڡ
⣬ظһԶٷУ
༭ԺԷһ飬ȷû⣬˷͡
ΪҦͮѾ˯ˣԲûѡ绰û뵽һӣҦͮһá֡
ֹʮ룬ֽյһϢ
Է㶣ȥһ䣺ôˣôû˯
ԷһأСͮϴ裬㡣
Է㳹׵סˡ
ֻظȥһţ
Ҳظһţ
ԷƲƲɣֻӫĻϵһۣ컹һԶ٣úһˡ


217 
һڿ
ľ͸Сϴ, ϴЩ˯, ȻҲûÿ顪С顣
ȵСպ˯Ժ, һȥ˿, ȻǴ˵ӣɿŵϲ֪ĵӽĿ, ȴôҲ޷Ͷ뵽ȥ
ûȤҲġ
ʲôҲ, ʲôҲȥ롣
Ϊ, һ벻, Ҫձ˽֤
ԣڵ, ʱһһĹȥ, ȸջ
Ѿǵһɳϵ˼Сʱˣ̧ۿһǽϵıӣѾ賿һˡ
, ջûл
绰գɿͨѶ¼дֵĺ, ȴôҲ޷²ͨ
绰ͨԺ, Ӧ˵ʲô
ֻʱ, ס˺
һֱһֱŵĪĹУͻȻͱһߡ
·ܹоֻҪһһߣһ, ͻչǰ
ĪƶȷһߵͷѾԼУֻҪ롭ܹ֪
ǣȴһûС
žડ
Ǽſ
عǱߡ
ţǭZȼ߽أһ˲һ㶣漴վ߹ȥסǭZȼô°
պǭZȼߵʱ򣬺ӭŵ˱ǶľǺ˶ٰ
Ҳ֮϶پˡջЬӣЬԺ󣬒ǭZȼһһǭZȼȥ鷿
ȻóµëȥԡҽʪˮԺ󣬸ǭZȼ˲һʪյͷѵʪףǭZȼţ˵⻰
˯ɡȵʰ׵Ժ۵ɳǭZȼȥó˱õıӣԺ󣬲뿪
ǽ첻ֻȥԸô㷹лҲڱӰɣӡУӦҲںȵزɣοǽֻȥԷѡ
տһ鷿յţԼ鲻̫ãԼԼ
ԭ΢ѹҿղ˯˯òȣҡǿ޹ʱҿ۾ģҲ۵ӡ
Ӧ˵ǡɡ
ǭZȼҵļſʼ翴ĵһ۶ûϳ˭
ʱǭZȼͷһˣϣ˭ֱ߽˰ǿͷϳǭZȼӡ
ȻǭZȼĹϵһҪѺһЩҲûӵǭZȼӡеǭZȼлһŮӣǽ˲˹ģء
ԲûǰкͰؼˡס֣һ˷䣬Ǹ˵״̬ǺܺãղǸӻؼҵĻơҾûؼңһ
ûϵġʾ⣬óǭZȼܲֻǣҲסZȼΪʲôǸӣǽֻȥμӡ칦硯ôƣҲڻǸӰɡ
˵һĹϵսһ£ԷĹϵ֪ءСȼ֪֮ˣ
Ļû˵ȥѾ˵زǭZȼĴӦѾˡ
Ǿ˵Ǳ˷֮֡Ĺϵ˰ɡ˵ȷϵĻȴһ㣬ƺڻЩʲô˼Щʲô
ţ԰յ˵ͷȻգ˵ôû˯һʱ򿴵ڿڵ𣿡
š
ȥ˯ͺãÿҰ΢΢һЦ¶ۣ´ƵӦ꣬ƵĻҾƵˣƲҲһЩġһչգˡ

翴ŸרעԼĿ⣬ҲһЩưɣЩ΢΢죬ԵɫϵûǭZȼôŨصľɢרڡաζϵӿıУ˼Ӱ
ˣȥϴɣϴ˾Ϳ˯ϵ⣬ȻǰĶһ£Сȼ״̬ǺܺãҲ̫ԽӦҲ˯鷿ˣȽϷչȥ
ס
ôˣ
л˵
ţԴʲô°һҪ˵𣿲졭
ڡ֪顣

Ϻı飬ն˶٣漴תۻźڴð
˵罫ĿƳһߣȥϵı飬˿ЩţҶû㸸ĸ顣

졭ҸżȻʱ˵ûм⹫š
šյ˵ͷûзϣΪꡭҵĹæû̫ʱջؼҡ
ĸĸǱ𣿡΢΢üתȥյ۾ȴտĻرߡ
ǡˡ
ǡ
ոҸĸֻǡǸʱջǳСһӡûСңҸҰĹϵһ⡣̹׵ĳˣֻǡʱǲЩ漰ȥ飬һÿشһ䣬ͻᱻȥĹÿһ棬ԡʵѾкüûлعˣҲΪҸǹϵõԵʣûлȥ˵ûм桭Ҳ
Щںҵȷе򣬿ͬʱҲ˸ϵת䣬ƽѹ֣ʵ֪飬ȴ׷ȥ
Ĵôһ̣Ӹյһ˿һʹࡣ
ֻʡץץյָ֣Ħģһ˼𡣡
ûĦģоеģץ֣ʮָһ𣬡㲻ҪôС
˺һƺ¶˾һ˵һ졭֪ʲôĻңһᡭͨͨġ㲻ҪһΪѵ顣
𡣡Ŀøȷô˵ʲô˼ŴһЩһЩܹץסΪȥĻᡣ

Ļ
յģͻȻʼ񡱵һʼֻǾãһ죬ЩʲôǸʱ򡭡ԵĻϣԼܹΪߺһеǸ˵ġ
ɴ˿̺׷ʣеǳţǲζšһѾˣҺ硭Ѿ֪ʲô
ڸһ֮ǰûиŮӽ
żֿ϶
ʵ𰸣ȻںУֻǡ׿˵
йյĿʼð亹ܹоԼЩ΢΢زȴǼر򶨡
ҡϲ˭

סˡ
ںʳ仰֮ǰԺ֮УĿܣѾáǲǻǰǲʶֻǺѾˡ
ǣûС
ÿһֿûгֹ˿һֿܡ
ľګעź˫ۣףһ̽ȴʲôҲ壬ʲôҲ
ϲˣ˭
΢˫üôڡһ𰡣ȻΪϲš
֪ˡ΢΢һЦţȥϴˡ
ţٿȻԡңֻ¸һڷڴ߷
ڻζźղŵ⣬Żʱϵı飬ѯʱ˵
񡭡о֪ʲôƵġ
ǡȴץס֡Ȼĸо
˺һղȥ鷿
Ϳ˫ŵǭZȼ
ʲôʱѵģ
ղš
˯һоЩôߵ¡
СǭZȼԼŵɳѧ㰡Ʒζⴲͦģ
ƲƲɣôడ
ܲٲ˵ôԽǣΨжſǭZȼ֣ĿĶ컨ϰɫůƣǰ߿ʼģԾЧһ
εҡҡͷǡǴʫˣġǡô
ǭZȼͷһƲϸյĿ⣬ϷһЦûС
㰡
աǭZȼ˸յĻͻȻллûһؼҡ

տӣлøϴּĵȻˣ;һ˵Ǹǰģһô
˵ġǭZȼһɺãֱ֣Լ۾ϣסůЩ۵ĹߣƮҲӡ

³һٸԼϴһ㣬ټȥˡ
ǡ
֮ǰ㲻ôôڸ㣬跢ҸĹϵˡ

ԣҵԼǿǿǭZȼرСǿܹܲѹŲ뿪ҡ
ҿóܰ㰡

ûеõǭZȼĻӦձԹԵԼ˵ȥˣ㲻˵ȥסô֮ǰȥסһԭɣΪ˸õظһദʱ䣬ÿ͡ġ㵱ʲôģÿһԷóں㰡
ǡⲢѹ뿪Ұģûа
ʱ򡭡᲻ִ̫ˡն˶٣бֹ뿪ļвҪûеĻΪʲôܹٶһأҲ֮ĸ飬һģ𣿡

ȻĸǷԵģֻҪһ죬Ӧͺô˵ȷǺܼ򵥵ӣʵϣ鱾ͺܼ򵥣̵ȷܼѣɽͰﰡ㲮ĸӦôأζšһô˭ģ׿ڸ˵ô
ûУû˵
ǲͽô
ֻǡ¡
˵ЩοĻԼԼҲûʲôʸο
¡ܹ׿˷İɡ
ʶƳһ۷Ǳλã󡭡߶
þûĵǭZȼÿԼס۾˫֣ȥѰҸյӰȴڷգ

ȴûĺһ㣬վߵǰϵ֮λá
ˣ
Щϵ飬ǸȥģǺһǰԼķ˲һһȥģҲΪʱҪһЩĵʱ򣬸ҵԼҪõʡҪѵʱ䡣
ڣϵĺüڷŵλãı䡣
ô˰ǭZȼ˸ռûӦֱߵߣ顭ôô
ۣô鰡ǭZȼһַȥܶ඼Ǹص飬ÿǺһ󱾡
סʲôôǭZȼ֣ʳָһۣ㽫һĲӣ˳
ʱ򣬲ŷᡣ
ᰡ
һⷭ˷ȫƬСʱģҲе껹ѧĸգԼ磬кܶ˵ĺա
ǭZȼﰵ̾ţԭǰĸҲЦôʱ򰡡
͵͵Ƴһڵĸգ²ţǸʱĸոȫһ
Ҳ¶Ľо̸ĸո磬ֻǿƬǭZȼƺܹоҸˡ
Ǹʱˣж۰
ûеĻաӦûһɣôڡ֪ñȵҪҸٱ
ͳǭZȼڷĿյ㱻һߣһûأ
㡭ΪʲôսУָܹĹǽڡ
Ϊôش飬мűܶĲӰǭZȼָŷһŵܣ㿴ûôҲûⱾᱡԾͺܺ
ͻȻסˡ
ιǭZȼַŵյǰ˻Σ㡭𡭡
ΪⱾǲܿģ˵ΪⱾøĵĻ䣬ղΪ³çøջ˹ȥĵ飬ʲôҲǹġҲ֪ᣬֻǡէһ֮£һΪǱ飬Բš
ҡҡͷ
ǭZȼһ±ƣȫ˵ʲô
ֻץеᣬ١
ղźʲôţ
ǭZȼɳĻ
ô
ԣˣ
лҪ˵
໸£
ڿöľУ
һµ
ңᣡ
ľῪʼڸպˡ
СZСҲдǲֻ١
ӡ־Ҫô
ӡʮɡ
оûѣԻҪô
⣬˸£ǰ÷⡣
־Ļľɰѡ
žǣȥҴд֮⣬뿴ʲôݻĶԣãУҾͻдӣԣ
ǿָ
ҪôûеĻҼʡ


218 
٣ǭZȼĸյļ, ô, ʲôɫôôѿ
û¡ղš, ˡ, ŽеϣڡоЩô, 費Ҫġ
ˡǭZȼ࿴˸ռֱָۣյϽɫԷ
ղŸճ, ŪǭZȼΪԼʲôõ, ơԼȥܵ˰, ǭZȼ滹е
ɳһ˯ͦõġǭZȼ߻صԭλ, ѽͺúõر߰, ҿɲΪҵĹϵ߰ҿˡ
鲻, ܸҿЦתǭZȼ, վǰ, ѱŪ˳ڷŵ鼮, ùԭʼڷŵλϡ
԰ɡ
ʵǭZȼǣ鲻ܹôأӻǵùȥ
۾ѹҪؼңǵЩϢѹ, ı״
ЩҲ޲͵øҲ١һҹС
ĲҪһ£ջ˳ٶһ䣬ϾӦԷ㣬ҪúչǭZȼġ
ϣû취ǭZȼʲôæҲܹ죬һܹһԼĵѹ֣ܺùһ˰ʲôܵ鶼
Ͼ֪ǭZȼԷڽ˲࣬ǭZȼֲܹЩѹԷ㣬ôԼܹķйҲǺõġ
߰㣬һ徻һǭZȼĳŸ˦˦֣˼Ҫߡ
Ǻðɡֽ˼䣬ţҲǵһҼˣҪˮĻȥԼҹʲô飬ֱӴ绰ңҪţ˯˲ԳİҸˣС
˺ˣҶ֪ˣ衣ǭZȼ˫סԼĶ䣬߆ˡ
ϣˣϣˡսİ࣬ȥϴϴ˯ˣϢĻ˾ϢգɴԹ緹߰ɡ
緹ǭZȼͻȻЦ㡭緹𣿡
ι
Ҿʣ뵽ȥˣôһһէġǭZȼҡҡԴѸյըëǹô˵ģɸվȻ붮ˣ˵Ҳûдൽȥ
˯ǭZȼĵЦ߳鷿
ȵϴԺصѾҪˡ
ŵƿӣƵ͵͵˴Сɵһ࣬ôڵķ֮Уעź米һ˯ŵıӰá
ַڱ棬ϵֱһһµתУڼžķУнķգա
ָת˼ʼƮ
ͻȻǰĺ綯һ£漴ת壬ı˯ŵƺͷһһٰʮȵתԸյһߡ
ӵĸգ̲ס䴽ǣսһЩ÷ڱֻ֣§ס磬۾
һܹӵá
֪һе㣬ȵ˯ҵ
ʣյĺʼ𽥱أʶҲ𽥱ģ
ڶʱŬ۾֪˯̫û˯ʱ̫̣оƤأ˺ôľ۾
ʶԵλãѾһˣһ¶ûˣֿ̧һֱϵʱ䣬Ѿ磱ˡ
ȵԳԺ󣬸ղ𴲣򵥵ϴһ£žеԼεԳһ
жáû˯ôˣ
ƺǴӺסʼɡ
ӣڹձȻǣѣϢѹҲᳬʮ㡣
ϾҪ緹ճԣԺܶʱ򣬸նѹ֮ǰ׼
ԴӺסԺ󣬾ͷֵһС
չҲǡ
ǡԽԽһˡ
뵽̲סЦԼɵ
ǣһ˰
߳Ժ󣬸ȴûڿˣתյķ䡣
ߵſڣ洫Цƿһʲôôأ
˰յȴǭZȼ
ô㣿һȦûпӰ
ޣ˵ЩϵҪЩҪϷԼǱˣؼȥˡǭZȼСϷ˵ҿ㻹˯ҲûʲôҪ飬
มմһ˿ʧ䡣
̫ҸˣѹͻȻøվЩϰߡ
У¶Ҳ̫ԴһЩ˰ɣǭZȼŸ˸Ҿôʧ𣡡
ûòطһ£ȻûʲôЧˣӦûûԷɣֱ緹Σ
緹ĻѾԹ緹ءǭZȼͻȻͣװСӣȻıҮ
ιʵûסǭZȼһۣŮԱأȻ⻰СˣջһյëޣǭZȼ˹ȥ
ǭZȼһض˹ȥֽýץס˱ӹëޣ˳ֵݸһԵСգЦ
ø˵ȥˡ
߳ԼŮķ䣬ʼ֮ǰǸһ绰ĻԼϷ顣
¡Ϊԭ򣬲ӿġ
ιȥĵ绰ܿͱͨˣһ̣յһˣ
š
ôٶ˯һվԼҵ鷿ڣǰ̯ڷŵĸϣҰ˭Zȼչգܹ˯һġ
аһȻء΢΢һЦÿϧ
ţ
ʱûп㡣ͻȻ֮䣬;á˼ġ
緭ϵֶ˶٣˼˴ԼӣŸ˸ջش𣬡ͷϻһЩҪæ
ޣŵ𡣡żֱǸæɡ
á
ϣԷ𡣡
šϵе࣬Ƚ鷳ԽӦòȥˡܡ춼ԵмΪѣǸһֱȥ˾ֱһ°𣿡
һ꣬ŵͻȻĵʧֶһ㣬ȴǵ˵á
š
ǡæ
š
ҵ绰Ժ󣬸ջŵ绰ҶϵӫĻ棬ֱֻԶص棬Űֻ£ȥʼ׼͡
һߣҵ绰ĺҲ̾һ
ǰڷŵϣǰͻȻģоһŽƵȫһ
ողŲײ̾ϢĶߣ˼޷侲˼úõԼ
ˡ
˭
С㣬ҡ¬ܼҲϵŴ˽
翴һ̯һϣ˵
С㣬ò׻һΣҷԸӶ׼ȫԵĲˡ¬ܼҵˮͽСʱˣһʹϿʼ鷿￴Ϣһ°ɣȵˮԵˮ
¬ܼҴ㽫е̷ϣɷȥȴûֵĵط㵥ֽϵһߣʱϵһЩ֣һݣȴԾװµӣռԺ󣬽̷ϡ
¬ܼңûʲô˵ô
Ϸ򡭡Ǻ״С˼
Щеֽŷŵ¬ܼҵǰָָһԵϣЩ¬ܼҼȻѾˣ˵˵ĿΣ
ЩϣǺȥҵġ
ܶ඼ǹȥ顣
ǰȻɹȴûȥǺԽԽòԾſʼȥԼ飬ٺΪ¬Ըյ̬رһ˳Ҳһ¸յ飬Ǳ㷢еè̫ˡ
硭ıҵѧУ޸Ĺ
Ǵѧʼڹ飬ʵӦʧԺųĹֱΪֹڹġ
ˣաͬһѧУҵġ
˵ֹǱҵѧУڡʧļ俪ʼ޸Ĺ
񡭡һˣΪӪһڹһ㡣
һ޼

˵
С㣬֪ˣ
Ӧж٣
Ϸ֪
һֱ룬Ϊʲôô׽ա۾һʼΪֻΪŮˡǡرر𷴸ʵ˵ǿҳģ˵ҵүүһϣܹ
ɣ
ȴԹԵ˵ţ֪Ҹǰʶ˶԰ɡһһؼҵʱ㿴֣ϵıǳȻ
һ߻һ˵ҡ㵱ʱƺΪС㡯ûǴĻһһؼңǰʶ֪ʲô
һʼһΪԼ̫࣬ЩֻǴԽҾԽԽ鲻򵥡˵֮ǰձʲôͬ磭šǼ飬İɡ

ʵ鵽ˣǸաüڸ鷿￴ĶƺͲ鵽ˣֻһֱûиңûǰЩ顣
Щ洦Ǽ֤ݣûùͻȻǲģԼӦú
ƫţ˵¬Ϊ֮һĻΪҽ𡣡
¬ܼ۾˫𾪣𡣡
ԡĆԳһЦˣûУûֻǡ֪˺ܶ顣
Ҫ˵ȫҲǣֻǡżڸߵʱԺ֮лһЩƬΣһһЩƬָоɡ
Ŀǰ˵áԺ֮гֵЩ棬ȫƴյ
鷢ʱߣûа취
Ȼ֪ˣΪʲôҪһ𣿡¬첻ףȻѾ֪˲飬ΪλûпյĿ
Ϊʲôԣ練ʵ
ϲĻͲ뿪ˡ
ǡΪʲô뿪ңܹµԭ򣬾Ǹĸ֮ģǰְǷֿİɡ
үǷֿģүǮǷֿġ¬콫귢ǵǸŮϲүͬ⣬ҲʲôƫҵүүһҲҵŮһϲҲϲһϲ㣬һ֧ǵġ

Ȼʹ󣬿Ҳ̲ˡΪǶŮӲŶرΪλС˲һϾϲˣҲϲˡǣѡȴ̫ʧˡ¬Խ˵Խ귢ظһƵġ
ճȭͷ˶ʼ߰׻ɫĺҲʼŸΪʧСʱһôǣǳ
㶡
նϵǸǳǳİ̺۲Եɡ
֮ǰտϵ˰ʱǸִźͱǸ
ԣҿˣˣҲ¬첻޵΢ǣˣʧԺһΣû㡣
𡭡գգ۾ʹ֪Щʲô
Ϊ˵飬үǳǸһܴ֧ƱҪٳǰȻ󡭡ûٳֹ
Ҳãˡϲáջˡ
Ǹ֧ƱܴȥһүǰĿ֧ܹһˡǸʱĸĸҲ֪һ𡣡¬ЦˣЩţ羿жϲգڻǲ˵Ķġ
үͲһִҪһΪүһܡ¬ƺҪһ߸Ƶģֳ˳ĸĸҲ֪֮飬ǿҵķһ£ֻҪ뿪ܹһʾ޶Ļɫ룬ã˻ܾĺô𣿡
Ҳ˲ᣬʼվЩԾЩطֵֹġ
Ҫô
鵽ôһԼ粻Ըӡᣬաҵĺӣô
úӡоǿҵģա
ÿοǸӣһ˫۾;Ϥ֪žӣӳھԼʱ򣬲ףǿҵϤǴġ
һġ
۾յ۾
ǡ¬ҲȥˣȻȥ飬綼ѾˣҲûȥıҪˣϾЩֻҪ֪վܹġ
ظغЩڶѾ߰˰ˣȫϵֽдء
ү˵ϣ۵㣬ҲϣôͳΪ裬ҡʧ£ССչ˵Ļ
ҵߵĻͲĨȥҸ֮ϵˣô綼Ѿµˡ
ĸףΪһΪƾ˹ȥļ䣬Ҳһְն˹ȥС
ǡ¬СʱЩ̣յһͺؼҵʱͼСգû뵽껹ֻеӤѾôɰһŮˣԵĻ¬쵹áӦðǺںߡ
ȥɡ
Ӧˡ
ȥ
ǡ
ͽȻվԭأҧҧѾޱ顣
лҪ˵

ʵ绳ɸ֮Ĺϵ֮ǰһЩ½ڶϸ͸¶ġ
øȥϴּ䣬Ȼ͵͵ʱѾȷԼĻˡ

ʣµ˵
ľУ
ҪҪ


219 
³, ҡҴææ߽
˭ľ״̬Ǻܺ, һļ, һֶûȥ
Ѿٽ°ʱ, ȴճӦɵһ鶼û˳ɡ
ЩֶķƵģֻһֱǰһ԰ֽ, ̫ա
ˡ껷ҡڵĴ߽
ͻȻѹһ, ϵΪ, ˵, ȳȥɡ
ǡ
ʲôѾܾû껷ˣҡĳ, زʲô¡
þû, Һ㡣껷΢΢һЦԹԵǰĶ˳ַ, ԡ㡣

Įؿһ۳껷塣
⼸鱾Ͳôã״̬ǲ, оôû, ¿껷һЦݿԼģ, øˡ
ֱӰһԵߵ绰ñ롪
껷ʱǰҵߵ绰𼸷Ц, ֪ôù㡣
ʲô˼
Ȱıȥ
򴽣漴ֲͨߵ绰һղŵġʧ󡱲ûˣǲøˡ
ڿˣҶϵ绰Ժ󣬺ޱĿų껷壬ʵ˵ûжĸֻսپ˵ĻϽߡ
ñǿиֻΪ˲ñ˴˵Ĵ̫ѿˡ
šô䵭ô껷ֽڰ칫ϣ°ͳֱϣź˫飬㡭ǽ˻ϵҲôҰɣ
ôҲһꡣ

Ȼƭ㡭ҲΪϲ㰡

ڳ껷˵ģ粢κεĻӦ
ǣ껷ͼһģ˻ϻƵģʼ޼ɵĵĸ顣
㻹ΪǼҵ𣿡껷˵üԼָƭ飬ҲȫҰɣְôҲΪ㰡ҡôƭԭʧǰ֮⣬ʶ

٣ϲ㡣˵껷Цݣ֣µģԡ
㵽˵ʲô̾һͷˡ
껷һļɶһֱг껷ߴߴûа취ܺõļоڳ껷廹һֱ飬ûרעעˡ
֪Ѿ֪ȥˡ껷ʱҺ磬ڣܸ֪˭˭㲻˰ɡ
˵ʲôֻ治ɫؼų껷壬Ҳ֪˵ʲô
֮ǰҾ˵һڲңΪ˺ҡ껷һֱ壬ЩƵζȻ㶼֪ˣͱװ˰ɡ
Ҹ֮顣ͣѾ㣬ҪָֻšΪ˸˵ЩĻô뿪
֮飿껷üë˶ȣղź˵ĻڽЦƵģֱӰЦˣȥô
顣
Ϊʲôҵ飿
껷ֳ棬һģ淢صءˡվҲһ˿ŭȥҶУڣҲһֱڹעһһΪʲôҵ£
֮Ѿûйϵˡ߰ɡ
ûйϵΪûҵĻܲ鵽ô𡣡껷峰ŴǣŲм㿴ʲô
ԼùϵļƵ˺ǰȻһԼϵװ˳Ժ󣬲һ¸ղʧص
翴ݹĶУȻĪһֳĸоֱļݣܲʲô¡
ô껷˾ڣϾؿź磬ͻȻЩڴķӦʲôӡ
ôЩЩļϵݣԼ鵽ݣкܶغϵĵطԼ鵽ģļϻһЩݡ
鵽Щݣҷųȥ
ŲŲӵλãĵطȻ֪ôҾ˳ˮ飬֪ҡ͸֪ˣ롭֪Ļ¸Ը࿴һ۰ɣ
ҽԺһ䣬ӵҽԺһ䣬ĵصְֵ˻ʽˡ껷νİ˰֣֪뿴ЩԾͶˣЩѾõЩӦþѾеˡ
֮ǰȥ˺統סҽԺȥסԺ¼еҽԺʱµϢôɣþһ죬ҽԺײ˾ܲǭZȼ
ԭΪǭZȼ̽ɳ껷û¶͸תת֪ԭԼȥҽ
ǭZȼĲ飬׼᲻ȶ˺Ľⷢӡ
øһӽԷĻᣬԼԷǭZȼ֮Ļᡣ
ߵˣһŹ
⡣
ͻȻһëȻĸо
ЩŵĿų껷壬ԼĴ˽⵽ʲôزԼڲȥ飬͵͵ϣ⼸ԼղѣȶʱԵɿ
һʱ֮ͻȻЩ㶣ͳ껷һദ꣬Լûа飬ɲô˵Ҳû˺ԼԴ˺ǸлģϾԼꡣ
ڣȻһ㶼˽껷ǸʲôӵˣʼЩȻһˡԼߴꡣ
㻹֪ЩʲôһԼ侲Ƽ飬Ҳһȴעװ򶨵ӡ
һ֪ʲô껷ֽһ忿磬ҷӺ棬Ѿ֪˶٣ֻ֪٣
粻ɫýߵذ壬ϵԶ˳껷弸˵ĻҶѾ֪ˣҲ뿪ˡ
ôΪ룬ҲΪ㸶ô࡭껷üë۵һֱںϣ㶼жһô
˵㲻ỹϲɣ˵һת鿪ʼЩ
ҪôԷŹҡѾûټ껷ȥˡ
Ź㣿껷ͻȻЦˡ
ܣŹ㣬ǲܵġôûôĿ⣬ź磬֪ҶģҶĸҲģԡҾܷŹ㡣

Ĭſų껷۾ŭ˵ԼһĻںĶЩ¡
ʱſˡ
ǣյվſڣվڸߵ飬Űϡ
վ
Сܵǰֱס̣Һ㰡
§סСա
ʲôߵԣʶؽԼŮ
ҵδ޹ĺòð껷Цһ޺ӡ
ûδޡյ
ʲôأ
ң껷Ц찡ֵÿʱ򰡣
ϵļԼһݣݸ˸ա
սˣ漴򿪣ֻһۣ㡰žغ˵ļ
ôǲ˲ͱˣ껷ЦĸˣϵıôҾͷˡ

ߣҵȻǻߵġǰ˼վյǰ棬ߵ֮£΢΢ͷӵ񣬿Ÿգһε飬ˣ㣬һΡɾûôˡ
ŴͻȻЦˣȹ˺Լɡ
ʲôµġһ˿壬Ѿһˡ
ˣ˵㶼ûһεĻء껷ıգԽտ磬˵磿
Ҿˡ֣ᣭ㶵ĺɰ뿪֮ǰһ䣬úýһ¡֮Ĺϵɣ磬Ҳǵġ

ļݣտһ۾ѾµЩʲôˣٽһ⼸ľٶżĮԭѾܹ֪
ļںİ칫ϣ˵һѾ֪ˡ
֪껷ʲôʱģļݣ粻һ۶û
뵽յͷתļ֣
лҪ˵

ʵͲˡ
ʱ䲻û˵ꡣ
ʱ˵ǡյһ롱
ǰʱ˵ǳƺġ֮ġ
һ롱ûָԱǸʱ;øոŮһˡ
ڸΪʲôẦ֪֮»ġ

˼ԶȻһ¡
¿ӣʼԤա
ԵĻղһɡ
лȣϹ



220 
翴վԭһĸ, һԼ, ͷСԼǸһ, ΢΢һЦ, ȻظһСն, ǻؼҰɣ
ţС꣬صصһͷ
ĿյСͣƬ, ߵյ, ֣ߣеļ, Ȼͬ칫һ𣬷ŽԼİ
תʼվſڵ˵, ϵİ칫ļ, һ°ɣȻ°ɡ
õġ
깤ԺŸյ˵, ȥɡ
ֻ˵ͷû˵
ؼҵһ·, ˴˶ԡ
Էʱ, ҲûյĻЦ
ղ֪Ӧ˵ʲô, ǲ֪Ӧô˵
ն֮ҲŲ˵һĬĬسŷ
󣬸ոҲ֪ǿػرܻ̫Ĭѡ˱տڲᣬ˶յ, £˯
ֱڴƤʼܣһѾҪ˯ˣȴǱԼѵıŤģ̲סЦ˵ô˯˯ɣ
䡭
ţ΢ЦĹڴߡ
䡭̡𣿡
һ㶣һʱ֮ûлش
ֻǺ˵ûม
ģ
šƳһۺ磬ûӣֻרעĿգ˵ͷ϶˺Ļش𣬡ġ
ˣ˯ɡ¶Цݣ˵ҪΡ漴ͷյĶһǡ
ҲҪСղˣҪҲ
ն˼ҲŲλãıƵʱ崥˺磬ʶԱһŲΪڻرԼҲƹֳڴߣͷԼŮĶͷ


Сı۾
˯Ժ󣬺뿪յķ䣬տ뿪ıӰգ壭ĹߣϵóģɫչΧɸȴֻܹ뿪ıӰ
һ統꣬ߺɫȺƴӵҽԺ뿪
ʼգֻܹվںԶĵط뿪
֣Ҳץסĸо·ϯȫ
һ죬ʼҪģ֪ˣô
٣վˡ
ô⧲޷
̾һʰԼԼһЩվŵع˳ȥ
֪룬ȻѾ˶˵ڿɳϵˣҲ޷ӱȥȥ鷿ˣǱᣬ𡣡
ˡ綨գ֮ľ룬Զɸվվԭأ߹
࿿һǼѡ
Ϊʲôأ
Ϊˣô
㡭
Ĵ𰸣Ѿ֮еĻش𣬿ɲ֪ΪΣ׿ڳϵһ̣յģֹסΪ֮š
ʲô𡣡һͣ˺óóʱ䣬ԼһڷĲǱ¶ҵ
ûлش
ʼշڸյϣ۽ǵ⣬ϵ֮ľ롣
Ŀ⣬ѾҪ
Ҫһֱվ˵𣿡
ͣһ˹վ΢ͷһӣѧʱ˴ʦѧŤˡ
̾һѰȫóϣûʲô˵𣿡

㡭ջ̧ͷϺߣ𡣡
翴˸˫еĿתͻȻһŭ⣬ߣûС
֪תΪ֮죬ԴŭĻش޷Ӧ
˸ң뿪ΪҸǸʱ򷴶һһ֧Ʊ绺ؿڣҲڸŲ֧ƱȻ뿪ңӴûٳֹ
עŸգ´ϵĵһ˿仯𡣡
վֱߵյǰòֱԼ˫ۣ𣿡
ǡޱĳˡ
Ȼأ
ʲô
һʲôͻȻЩЦ㲻Ӧҽһ𡣡
֪ΪʲôررϲǰգҲܲϲ
Ҫ롣
ʲô̾һ漴΢΢һЦǸӰҲ֪˵ʲô
ؿŸգһ˿ʧ
漴ת˷䡣
һվԭأͻȻԼһƬհף̧ͷſҵĵƣƹ̫ˣЩۣоǰһƬףվվˡ
ڲ輸ϵǼϡ
˹ȥɳϣЩϡ
ǹİɣЩ棬ΪԼİɡ
εЦЦ·Գһ㣬ſʼЩļݣ֪ʱƤһأʧȥ֪
ȵڶʱϸűӣůҲˣһ㶼䣬̧һһˣͻȻԿת
űߡ
Ǻõͻˡ


֮ģո˱˴˵ߣάԭƣŶԷȴһԲ
ͣ˵ЩʲôԴ֮䣬󶼿ںһʺ򣬡硣
š˵ͷ˽ͷϣʱˣȥ𴲡
á
漴ȥԡϴ
ղſĺݣע⵽ˡʹ绨ŨŨױҪסĺȦҲûзŹڲҰ׵ݡ
ڿ˯һ
һڴϣȥշת࣬ȴҲûа취˯һ۾кܶ໭治ϵתҲȫϵظŹȥ飬еһռĴԣ˶Ҫˡ
ȥˮȵʱ򣬲ע⵽ڿɳ˯˵顣
Ϊʲô
˯գ޷ء
˯ŵôɰ
Ƕڹȥ飬ȴԼʼղһԣһͶϸ
ʵҪ󲢲ߣֻ֪֪飬ǲνġࡱҪ֪ࡣ
յһ͡
ֻҪͣͻš
ɸձտڲᣬڡʵĳӱ飬úеӵѹ
ΪʲôͲܹ̹ء
ǡľǸӣ
Ϊʲô
ҪĿ⿴Լأ
Ϊʲô
ĵһ仰ĵһ顭
ûء
ڴԼ
ʲôûأ
ʲôأ
вͬ
նԴԼ̬ȣΪ飬ͬô

ģô
лҪ˵
£


221 
ϻǹ, տ, ڸʻ, ȥѧУ·, ȴ޽
Сռ㻹ֻǸӣҲܹܵɢŵĲԾ, һںĶͯϣҲ֨, ֻǵͷ͡
ѧУԺ, ˸߲ҵ³ȥѧ, ԱȽЩ̬ȣղԼŮı仯, ƺЩ, 죬˵ô, ƽʱϲѧУѧԸʦСһôô, Цˣ
, ҲŶ, ΢΢һЦúյ˵ǲﲻ
СֻҡͷȴʲôҲ˵
ոʶضһۣʶϸյĿԺ, ƿߣЦݶ˵ôҪʲô˵ţ
СͣŶǰĸո磬һͶڴѯʵĿ⣬ǻһ˵ȥˡ

ץյ֣ڿС
ԼŮ߽ıӰд˲ˣͻȻһĸоֻϣԼŮܹ־ͺõģ޿ɱ˺
̬ô
ǡ֮⣬ѾӰ쵽գ
ҲգʵЩ֪Ӧôദźá
ԭûзԼʵյһĸ֮ǰԴյ̬ȣȷϣԼܹԼĺġ
֪ĸŮʱ򣬺ﻹǲɱĲһ˿ӡ
֮䣬һ̶޿ɸĵĹϵʱ򣬺Īһѹ
֪ӦȥݣҲܿ϶֪棬ӵϲ̶ȣֻ޼ġ
ԡĸŮ֮ʽദģ粻֪ӦǺá
ûо
ҡ
ûۼһĳɳҲûˤʱַĵϵĻҳȻԼź޵Ļᣬûܸ
ûߵʱ⣬ڣһֱȱϯҪǡ
յļ䣬ûС
ÿ뵽ʱͻúܶԲա
ΪһĸףԼĺӶǵá룬˸е
աΪʲôˡҲԭֻܹʸգֱջ֪
üʳָԼĴ䣬ҡ˰ɡ
ܸ֮Ĵ𰸡
ֱ˵оΪ֮չֵֹģӰ쵽յĻһúġ
ҡ
ⱾĴ
ԺǣҲǡ
Ĵ
յĻش𣬺һַǳĿȥգоھͰһɵƵġ
Ȼǲ֪ղ˵ԭ򣬿ɸյֻش𡭡Ҳδ̫˰ɣ
ն֮άҪĲ
֪֪ʲôⶼԼϣ˵ԼĴ󡭡ĻΪĴ

һ㶣ֻǿźһˣȥıӰ
粢ûΪչ顰Ϊ롱жˣáǰĸգһƵġ
һ˰ѸͲȫԼϣӲ˵ԼĴôͻĳΪġ
鱾ǽʲôܲ˵ԼΪ
ܲϲ
ǳϲ
ںڳߣҪϳ֮ǰСܵͻȻס֡
ʲôתЩģҲǺܺá
ϲԣӵǹÿ˵ʱ򣬸һţͻĵ飬Ȼ¶Цݡ
ӵģֺ죬ԼҲӵǹǰȽæļͷʹʱͻһŷŵ档
ȻӲǣɷŽ֮Ӳǵ¾ͻڻǹľͻζɢÿһ䣬ݼĸо޷԰ΣʱƲ˾ͻһŽһŵĳԵ
˭˵

ĵʱ򣬳һǹһ°ɡ

ԺǸôġ
һŮӡ
ǵãȻǸ˵ٵģеʱῴɢڼͷĺڷ
Լǹʱֻ֣Ҳܰ޳
ôǸӦǡ
翴գڵĸաѾ΢Ĺ糤ˣ۾ʶƳմ֡
ӡ󣿡ղԾ
ߴմЩȵ粻һƳҵڴ
šմûзܡȥģҲûз
ÿÿἰ֮ĹʱÿÿԼֳлʲôƬεĿʱʱʶذڳر̬ܵȣӲһģĴ𰸣Ȼһ⡣
еʱ򣬸յǻ᲻Ծһ㻡ȡ
һ㻡ȣѾ㹻ú֪ǸȥԼԸ˵жҪˡ
ʹգҪһøպ޷Ļ֮£õʵĻش
ԣʸա
ģ˭
˵
Ǻ硣
ǣ羿˭أ
Ǻ簡
ɣҲǺ簡
ǸһϲŸգȴŹͬġ
ΩֻС޿κεġ
Ϊ֮룬ҲԶ
粻֪ȥԼʲôӣȥ˭۴˭еõش𣬿Ҳǡеĺ硱ԼеԼأǸʲôӣ
ûйȥܵó𰸡
ͬһˡ
ֻֻǣƣͬһˡ
ûС罫Ƴһߣȥա
šεЦЦ̬ɵ˵ûϵǵҲûϵ°ʱȥ㣬һȥɣ

Ϊʲôܹڳһء
ʵǡڴܹİɣ
򡭡Ҳҷϻʲôʱ¶ʧˡ
𣿡ղԾ֣ץס󣬡ǡȽæ
ʵţȻ֪˺ܶȥ飬ôҲϣ֮Ĺϵܹø׽ȻһЩ
šǵ˵ͷһ䣬߰ɣϰҪٵˡ漴תţ˽ȥ
á
ϳԺΪ˲óոӳƺѹ֣մ֣Լ⡣
ЩûиƺøӲȶ
ֵɣ̲סҧҧȻ֣һһһ
ϲ͡
ϲ֡
ڣͻȻ֮䣬ϲˡ
һڣƲѡ
Ҹ컻һͺˡտ˺ֹϵĹ죬ֹص֣ص˵ҪҪԵʲôģСкܶԵġ
һ漴ֹϣһԼ̬ܹһЩҺܱ
춼ǡ
ʳųϰߡҲˣ
һá
ǰϲö
ҡÿһܹ󣬺ƫģкġ
ÿһǸոպá
һ֣Ҳһ㣬ն̶ȡϵİգ˵ǡá
Ϊʲôں磬ֻĪеѹء
һеϲãȥϲ
ڣϲãʵҲˡ
Уһֿܡ
ֻǡáϲãûбѡ
Ҳ˵նԴķʽǰչȥ֮ദģʽİɣ
գŻжòѰɡ
ڡģûˡ
еһУ뵱Ȼ෴ķ
ôȷһ°ɡ
лҪ˵
¡
ֻǡõ˼ô˵ء
ǣҪ֪ϲľǹȥڵ
Ϊոദģʽʵȥǲġ
ãڵһֿǣֻǡԼϲôû
ȷڸնϲǲǻڹȥĻ֮ϡ
ʵҾ˵еˡ
滹мµġ
ͻὲˡ
漸£һرдСֵĸ˸ܡ
ǸһдĻӦþͻܶˡ
⣬аˣϲľ˭
Һдġ
ʵĴ𰸣ǰ͸ˡ
ҿһʲô
šһСֽ
⣬мҪ˵һ£
պĹȥĿǰѸУ汾
ʵİ汾ǣ££ֵĻݶġ
ΪΪ汾һģｲһ¡
ô¼

Ǹ
־Ҫ𡭡
ûٽʡ



222 
ʼתů, , ոʱů, ֱԼҲ, һЩźá
ǰ
ĵƬôҲϲƵġ
Ŭ, ںǰװû·ӣҲܹоó, 羡ǰ, ἰȥ顣
, ˵ᣬ˵ǡε, òȥĮӹȥ顣
֪, ڵԼڡ
Щζû취Լ˵ڵġ
񡭡ֻһֱ棬Щȥһһ, 棬ѹĿ, ܹõһ㡣
˵, ܹꡣ
, ֻԶּĬܹĺùһЩ
Ⱥܾ𡣡ӵһ۾ͿѾ絽ˣվڳߵȴĸգ, һ·Сߵոǰ߸ЬЬ治ϵطડ
̧ͷԼܹǰ˼ʶؾץסе㽫Ȧڻͼһ㣬Ҳյѡ
Ӧ߾ܹ°˵ģֻͻȻֳһС״ԵһЩʱ䡣شս͵
ûϵյĴ΢΢˻ȣһЦ⣬ֲΪСܹҵͷڣӶѡ
Ҫ˵ȴĻһֱڵȴŸɡ
ȻܾԼûбйĻ룬ʵڴٶйġ
ôЩ궼ȹˣοֻǰļӶء
´βҪô߾ͺˡտᣬһǻ飬Ƶģ߸Ьܲˤӡ
ֻǴؿա
ܶеᡣ
ᣬеء
粻Ծü漴Ƴߣ߰ɡߵʻǱߣţԹԵ˽ȥȥհɡ

ͻȻ뿪ߣ㶣һȻ˳˳ӡ
׶԰Ժ
˶ǳĬڶԷԣŶԷһߵſڣȥա
ȻûоĹշ⣬ո֮䣬òӦΪǱ˴֮⣬Ӱ쵽ա
ʦս졭𡣡ճλʰջ˻֣Сվſڵʦѯ
յ״Щ⡣
հͦõİյʦսѧУڵı֣ȽľšƽһЩõĸо
򴽽ǣ΢΢ףʦлллǡ
ˡ
䡣СյСûʲô飬Сߵſڣ˼䣬̡
աֻһۣСսӴûô޾ɵӣ쿴ԴȻƺҲûвˣɺ绹ܹоյѣ˵ƺûлˡ
ùձСԼȻǣյС֣˵ʦ˵ټɣǸһؼ
ʦټС΢΢һЦʦ˻֡
ȻǣŸյ֣һһš
ȥϲԵʳɡԼŮķ˿㲻ϲȥʳô
Сյ˵ͷֻȤ̫ǵӡ
ոһۣԡ
󣬸տźһȥ̳Źﳵֱʳ
ǣյǰ棬ŹﳵһԣﳵѾŲʳ˵
Ļ档
ø˺ܶǰ
ոһʱҲӡһ̳ɹһ˺ܶİ£ÿ춼ŲεӣȻͨȴҸ
Ҹǿġ
ӵй
ʧȥ
ڡ
źıӰ
תöϸյߡ
У˺ܶ࣬δȫһȺ;ߣĪе
תͷǣյ֣ʳ䣬һӾߵ˰ڷϲǸǹǰ
ϲ𡣡һסǹһǣյǰ
ţյ˫֮УȻһ˿⡣
Ǻϲ
СӾֱ̹ء
ϲĶܹΡ
Ǹյĺӣɸնȴһ㶼̹ס
ΪϲΪŵǶ֮Ĺȥһ֪
뵽ͻȻһĨԳЦݡ
ϲ𣿡СհѴӺõǹݸ翴óԵġ
Ȼϲ
䣡һòã˵ϲСתܵߣץס½ǰò
ãġ
ҮСո˵ˣ̫ˣȻ˳յ½ǣʾ
ͼ˳ӵĶ
ȻСյֻС֣ץסյļżĶͷһ£лл䡣
ãܹԡòˣԼŮСҲһ£ϡ
տԼŮչЦգҲЦִһǹݵǰ㡣

ͣͷյԼСڴĿ⣬ллม
̣ģҪлл䡣һץס֣һָŸյķ
šһ㶣漴˵лл㡣
лУ
ţ
粻Ŀա
Ӧþֻел
ʦ˵ϲ˱лһַʽʵʦ˼˵СҪĸл⣬ϲĸĻҪлϲʱ򣬾ͿԼĸĸǶͷ֮ĵط
ʹסˡ
տǺԸӣ㿪ھܾټôҲ̳ġȷʺйܵΪͷϵĵлҲǿԵมյСԴ
̲ϲ𣿡СüͷٶҪŤһȥˣԵί
ᰡ΢΢һЦպò׿Ҫƻյĺ飬ߵյߣע֮£°ͣĶһ¡
ˡ
أ
С
һ¡
㶼ûл̣ղ㶼˵ģСץסյָȥʣһûɡ
ǡտ磬е˼
糯˵ͷ
ձ㽫ʹ˹ȥںϡ
ѵˮһǡ
ᵽ缸û֪
ɸտʱݹԴĸоԼĺԼϵȣǸղ֮ǣʵĴš
ոеĲ裬СղſЦˡ
翴գεҡҡͷȻһߵС
Ҳ֪ԼŮǲǹģܾԼһֱ·˵ĸоһѱգ㰡龫

ȥŶӽˡ
ȻձգȻȻŹﳵˣһȥ
Ŷӵʱ򣬸ָָﳵԼİҵİɣ˳֣ҷǮˣһ¡
Ϊճ̳ѻֵһԶһһЩƷÿ϶Ǹսˡ
֪ЩҲǿ
š
ҵյİֽȥһѣȴһǷĶ
Ҳ֪ôģץסǸ֪壬ӰóһɫСӡ
СУȴΧĻͻȻֹƵġ
ǸɫСӡĺ졣
ֱǡһһģһ
ɺϵǣɫС棬Ҳдһĸĸ
ûд򿪺ӣ鿴ķŵĶǺһĪֱ񡭡Ѿܹ²װŵʲôˡ
Īƶ
һ
򿪺һ
һ
֪Ľṹһ㣬ת˶еķһӾ׼ȷҵˣĸ
һʱ֮䣬ͻȻ֪Ӧ˵ʲôźá
绹Լ統С
ʶԼҶϵһſĸĶ
Եһԡ
Ϊʲôǰû뵽ء
ԼֻһҶ
ôɣҲֻһ
غһ
ȻСؽһŶŻԭλһ׶ˮһ㣬Լ֮⣬ûܹһĶŵ

ֻһܹõҲֻһܹܵõ

͸ġ
ʲô
򿪿
Ư
ϲ𡣡
ԺгϤ
ϲϲ
˷ܵػش˵
Ȼϲ
ͻȻͶҰ˷ܵŮĿͻȻùڡ
顣
ι
໣
ͳŮֵˣʹĽг
Ұ
ѧˣ
ûа
˵ʲô
ʲôʲôˡ

еתŷ򣬽󶨸ڸյϡ
Ժ֮ģġǸͳŮ٣Ҳʼ

ٵĸŹӣһء
û¸ﰡٵĺеĶϴЦ⡣
;Ͱʲô˵ţȡºеĶŤתŷøһЩ㿴
ʲô𣿡սһƣŷ֣ĸ
šһĸĶġ˵ţִһȡһŶҵĸ
΢΢һЦһȻ
մı֪ѾԼͼҲٶְͣҶϡ
˵֮ǰôȥֻҴҶءЦ⣬ҶϵĶ񻹲Ÿյ£ԭǴⰡ
֣µ˵ȻҪܼƻܽУ׼

Ц漴С˰˵˸յĻ
԰յĶߡ
ţ
ڡӡձں米˫֣Ҳʼʵػͼ飭顯Ҳǡ
㡭һŷӦȻϸ¶ܵѾš

ʼܹһЩˡ
ҲʼܹһЩˡ
ЩƬ֮Уо

ֱܹĵ֡
翴ŸգͻȻһҲ˵ϵĶҲͣ
ͻȻʱ䱻ֹͣƵģһҲ
ΩյĿ⣬⡣


223 
ǼôָָԱ¼ϵһȹ, С黨Ű׾, ʻϸһ, гߺϸ, Ҳرȳ˶١
񲻴ӡѭŸָķҵǼȹ, ָס¼ܣó˿, ϱ˱, ƺͦġ
ǰ, λС˵Ĳô, ȹѾǳġСһֱվһԸ, һϷȹӵļģһ˻治һȥ
òĻ, ȥԿɣ
š
С㽫ȹֱϣźһȥ˸ҡ
һŵһߡ
ѵݼ, ˵Ҫ, ձ˵һ, ҲԸտһͯװ֮ġ
ţûԡյ衱̬ʲôǸᣬ˿ûԥĴӦˡ
һڱ˴һȥҵֹװꡣ
˵, һȥ̳궫ԺѾȥüˡ
ǸȴǶ鹢ڻ쿪ʼ˵ǡǰֻһֱûвûз֣
о翴Ŀ⣬һЩת䡣
˱仯Ҳ˵ֻÿÿϺ֮ʱ۾ͻĪһֵֹֹĸо
졭
һһؼ֮󣬶һ糣
ֻպ˯Ժ߳յķ䣬ȴûпӰڼѰһȦ󷴶鷿ҵġ

գ˯ˣڸ鷿ϣͷҲ̧ĿеĶʱķһ¡
ƿŵܹµ߽Ǹˡ
ߵߵǰΪɵϵģҲ
ڷŵģһᡣ
šյ߱Ƭ׼ȷ˵ߵģƬϵˣͷű緭ŵƬľګص˵ͷ
һ⾰ء
վߣעʧȥĺһһµطƬ
鷿·ֹƵģֻܹõ緭Ƭġꡱ
ղ²͸ôͼ
ðʺų
ֻǡ뿴
ǡЩʲô
ڣԼӦߵߣסļ򣬸˵Щʲô
ǡӦĬص˳鷿һĿռأ
ʱһһڸյľ֮š
ȵѹʱֻѾ֪ʱֹͣ˷ĶָĦҳֽܷϣȦƬЦòõϡ
ĽǶҲ֪ںʱ˱仯һ΢΢ֻ̣ܹķ棬ݱ߽һ
Ҹɡ

ؿڣƺһʱ֮䣬û˵ʲô
ǹȥӦáٷǳ˵ʱͣһ£ǱԼ˵ĻȵˣǾƺǳȻ˫΢䣬۲תûн˵ȥ
ڵڣκȴһֱûеȵģ಻סʵȥô𣿡
һҸɡ̧ͷѡϸյߣǳǳĻȣøտϲŭ
һʱ
ʵӦһܺûش⣬ƾܹһ׼𰸡
ֻǡ
ڶϺ˫۵һ̣ղһЩֱ֪ӦһԼĻش
ڣҲúҸ
ǰֻйȥҸء
ܹһһż򵥶ͨӣѾܹҸ˰ɡ
Ѿ޷ڸҸˡ
ͣѾ֮Ҫ˵ĿͣȴֻΪһ
û˵ȥֻǽƽ̯棬ȻְסߣתһٰʮȣøտƬݡ
Ժͣٹ󣬱ûΪ
ԣȷڳǰһҳƬǸղúʧݡ
һ
ѧʱ硣
Ժ֪ĵطƮɢ
ѸٵѰŸƬϵصļ䡣
һ꣬бҵһ죬ѧУ
ǣ֣߹ѧУÿһǱ˴˶ϤĽ䣬ڽңڲٳ£ȥϿεС·ϣȥҵ¥ݼ䣬˺ܹܶΪƬ
ͷǣиֵķŹӣ鱧ŶԷǱ˴˴ӣŶԷֽ۲ſӡ
̫̫࣬ࡣ
Ǹ
˸յĻ䡣
ǰĻҲһʧعĿעź磬߲ԾرҶϵǸĸĶ
Ǹʮʱ򣬺һ죬Ϊϵġ
壬û׿ڸ߹硣

סռ
Ǹյĳԡ
ԣ֪羹Ȼʧ֮󣬸ֱ֮ȻԭΪĪҪǣһֱöʱ򣬱жˡ
ൽյߣˡ
ԼҶȥָϵǣһ𡣡
šջߣ϶˺Ĵ𰸡
͵ģ
ǡ

ǰģûЩǹȥļ䣬ܹóҸץסˡ
ϧ
ûмĶ¶Ҳܲ

ϣ֮ĶԻѾˡ
ղ֪Ӧν»磬ҲٶԣԻӦĲټ
ɴ֮󣬸ԵĸоԴ̬ϵĲͬ
ʱὫ߷Լϣÿղߣȥʱƿߣװʲôûзӡ
Ȼܶʼ
֮⣬С
ȻܺСźӸ
յĿ׷źӰ
վھǰȹȻĽϷҵĵطϵϸ໥ƹ࣬ճ˺Ρ
ȹӱҲܸߣټϽ籾ʹŸ߸Ь͸Ե˫޳
䣡С˷ܵŸյֱָ֣źϵȹ㿴̺รƯģ
šճԼŮ΢΢һЦḧĶͷ漴·Żصϡ
ȳСһЦԸ˵ζмֵ⣬ллյĿ佱รô˵Һܸء
ţ̧ͷӾע⵽ȵߡ
תŸ߸ЬһһߵյǰŸ߸ЬӴһһнġաԶյҲᵽɤ۶һˡ
Ķ
ģһֱš
ɸʱ˿̵Ľ࣬вͬ
ÿڣǳǳЦ⣬ߵǰվ
ÿ΢΢һЦͣҲζԺƺǾһÿԱԼĸܣһ䣬
ɺȴٳû˵
ڿ

ֺ񡭡ͨȥһˡ
ֻӳԼѡ
ϵЦ⣬ͻȻʧ
תضһЦݵĵС˵˼ҲǺϲһ
ȻԹԵ߽ȹ
ã
ˡ
֮⣬еǣ粻
ղ֪⣬Ļشúе죬Щӣܲڲ֪ʲôʱһٰʮȵĴת䣬øոͺ޷һ׼ûУͿϵЦ̱
Ժ˴ջ˼ҡ
ΪһСӣһֹһ죬ڳϵʱѾ۵˯ˣǺؼȥģԺؽԼĴϣ˯һϢϢȵԷʱٽ
һҲͣЪֱ㿪ʼ
ɺȴס
ˡץŸյ֣ɳ£֮䣬һξ롣
о˲١
ʲô
̸̸ɡ
һֱտڲᣬװʲôûзҲǸ취
˵
Щӣ˺ܶ顣˫һӦΰĵ뷨۸߸գǾãЩӦ˵
Щļϵݣ٣Ҳûжټ䡣
š
ԣ롭Ҿ͸ɴֱ˵ˡ
š
յҲûʲô飬źɫȻĸԼ̸֮һֱڱܼɵ飬Ķ˼ֳ
֧Ʊ𡣡
ʵ꣬Ѿ֪ˡ
ǰĿ֧ѾȥȷϹĿˮĵȷȷ֧ôһʷá
ǡղΣֱӳˡ
á˽⣬źһظؽѵĸо
㣬ٸһλĻ֧Ʊ𡣡
ź磬
񡭡ڴҲ
ؿȴûٸȥƲһߣ۶ٴΣҶ֧Ʊ
Ҳѡûѡ
۶ٴΡ
ˡ
ͻȻЦˣЦЩأ仰㻹л˵𡣡
ҡ
֪ڸᡣ
޻˵
ѿڶһ̣
оʹʹͬʱҲǾꡣ
ˡ
Цݣóò̬ףллҡ
漴վӸյǰ߹
ով
ʱͻȻתȥס졣

Ҫʱ䣬Ҳǡ
áû
ҧҧڳһ˿ŭ⡣
ѵĻ
ڸջᣬ͵ĻᣬԼ̹׵ĻᣬǡʾԼ
Ϊʲô޶ԣ
ձܿŭĿ⡣
֪Ļʲôǡ˵ڡ
ԵĻϣܴһȥס졣
ʲôһ㶡
Ȼûйڹȥļ䣬ǡұϾյĸףϣܹʱദ͵֪նڸյҪģûյ˼ֻǡϣܹദϲҡҵ˼𣿡
šյͷʾ⣬Ҳá
Ǵ֮䷢ʲô飬յϣո綼ͬĬһ㣬ǲᲨա
ѹһԹȥɡȻղãϾһô֪֮꣬ĸŮϵϣһЩദĻᣬҲܹ⡣
á
תֱ߽յķȥʰֻһıӰ
룬վ̵ܹʲôʱ
оԼڵľһȭϣҲǸ޻࣬ʹñ

մźõյһȥҡ
䣬һסںذ̼𣿡ղףΪʲôֻȥԼȴ¡
šΪȽæȥذ̼ҵĻչ㡣
ðɡ֪ղһ£СЩʧ䣬ʵϲһ
̼кöģȥ˾ͻϲϵġںϣ죬ϴȥʱ򣬲˵ϲ̼ҵȥĻЩ߶ม
𣿡
ȻϲĻ̻ȥߡ
ǡССָ
ã
ĸŮһ¡
󣬵˺ļͺһȥ
ȴؿóˣúеĶԻ
㲻Ҫˡ
֮ǰǺͦô
֮ǰֻϣСܹǸŮӵĿѣȻѾ֪˹ȥ飬ҲûϵıҪˡ˵ԴŲϣȴŭ⡣
¬ܼңô˵Ҳͬһºü꣬Ҳδ̫ЩɣôƲϵһܿϵʱӦĵͦİ˵˫֣ᣭڿ㶵˼٬
Ҳ˵ʲô
ûϵ㲻ףҰװóֻֻӫĻ㼸£㴫ڸյ顭
㡭
ģҲṫȥģ˵ʵλ˵û壬ֲǵˣҲܸѽ԰ɣ
ʲô
ֻҪ㣬һ»شδݣϣԺദ졣¬ܼ֣˳лһ㣬֮ǰ飬졣
ⲻܡ
˴˿̵ƽҲ֮ĶԻ
¬ܼҿ֣ʧɫ
ˣ硣껷Цк
˵ܶˣ֮䲻ˡ
Ϊʲô㻹һ𣿡껷ָָվںĸա
ǲΪҶܸһϣǺþۺɢѾҪٸ껷̸֮䱾ʣ޼ĸػˡ
Ժþۣɢġ껷岻ЦݣҲɢһߵǰ
ץס֣Լߡ
ҲԾԿȥ
һ¿ʼ׷㡣
˵仰㾶ֱ뿪˺ؼҡ
뿪Ժ󣬺翴¬ܼҺһתԸ˵֮ǰֽϵ飬ܱǸ
һֱΪΪϾΪȦˣע⣬Ҳױиġ
û뵽ȻǳŸġ
ҡǳ껷¬ܼ˽һôġ
տһվڲԶ¬ܼңԸúΪѣȥˡ
лл㡭û׷Ҫ׷Ļ껷һѲ˸ϵ֮ûΪšҲǿǵ¬ܼ֮ĹϵԲŲǣ¬ܼҰɡ
ˣʵ׷Ļ껷Ҳû¡ԡҡҡͷʾ⣬˵ҲȷĻ֮ǰ־ϵ飬껷Ʋ÷ǳɾ׷Ҳܰѳ껷ô¬ܼҡúûʲôġ
ллһ
ţҾˡ
˵Ժ󣬸նԼŮСסںذ̼ңҪذ̵Ļ֪Ļ͸绰ţ
ţСصص˵ͷȻСϸյգһڡ
ҲԼŮһڣվЩؿһۺ磬ת뿪
һۡ
Ҳ˺Ĳᡣ
ŸԶȥıӰֱ߳ţӰʧԼ֮УǣСյ߽
ڼ䣬ûٿ¬ܼһۡ
뿪ĸգ߳ؼҴԺ󣬴뿪վڳűߣţͻȻһããĵƹȴ壭̵۾Щˡ
껷忪ųʻߣ³¶Ц˵硭ҵģҶû
˼Ҳ׵˼ġƺûаɣ
Nɪ̫á껷۾ϴˣ㣬´ΡɾͲһҵòģҲõ
˵ʲô˫ۣŭų껷塣
ҵ˼ԡСİ˵Ժ󣬳껷𳵴ĲţӸյʻ
ŵĸԱһ㡣
껷ӺӾǱΣЦӺһߣʧȥģһӱֻ
̧һźӾеӳԼģü䲻һ壬ŷŭӾŤһߡ
տų껷忪ĳʧɫ֮Уʼ˼ղµǼ仰
˵ġô
ܾáе찡


224 
ôġ
صؽļˤڰ칫ϡ
ǭZȼͷ, һԲ, ĬĬسƢ
һ֮, ĹЧʾֱ½վñֱ, ָصشļϣ㿴ļƻдöЩʲôտʼһΪԼƵ̫, ʱ乤ѹ󣬿֪˾˶ô˵ô
Բ𡣡
ҿЩδҲ̫ɢˣǭZȼһ
ǭZȼֻޱĴվԭء
ƺע⵽Լ̬̫ʧ, ͸칫ҵĲ, ְԱ濴, óң
㲻ҪΪĲ֪﷢ʲô顣
ǭZȼ̧ͷԼҸһ, Ļƺָӡ
ѾǸ, Ҫ֪ʲôʲô鲻üϵıޱȵ, ڹ˾¶ҲüˣڹϵѾɳ, Ϊʲô˼, ȴһ㳤ҲûУ㻹ԼڵСӿ𣿡

С
˵ȥʱ, ⴫õؿűߣ˲˽ŵġ

ְ֡
Է㡣
ǭZȼͲһ¡
΢㶣ſһһԵķӦ
ȼȼ˵, ¡ʵǭZȼģǴǭZȼ˵ˣǭZȼ״̬ǺܺõӣҪ
֪ԺԷ͸ϹˣûдŵģϾҲп̸۹ϵ顣
Էߵ칫ſڣ洫ŭͬ¶һԷ㿴ͷԣˡ
ɫߵǭZȼߣס֣ԴǭZȼĲ΢΢һЦҪԾһգ˵ôˣǲʲô⣬ǰְ˰
˵ԺԷת񣬡֣ʵȼȼҲడһ쵽ԼͷУ֮ǰȥǶӣÿڹ˾Ӱ࣬ѹؼȥŬˡ
֪˵ô˵ɿԷЩ֡
ǻҵʲôʱ򣿡߶ԷסǭZȼֱ۵ϡ
ͬŮӣǢֹҲȻټǽãһϵԷǭZȼ֮˿ֻᵱǽܻ֮Ц
һˣŮ֮ΪͼֲˣοվǰŮôҲ뵽ԷǭZȼ֮侹Ȼһϵڡ
ʲôԷ㻹Ц񣬲˵Ļʲô˼ʵѾֵĲ²⡣
ǾһˣҲûʲôµġ
Է㣬㲻Ҫְװɵػص칫
ûиְװɵֻǡ
Է㻰˵һ룬оǭZȼץסƺʾҪְִ
ָסǭZȼֱ֣ƺϣַܹͨʽǭZȼĺ
ãԼشװڿڴóһƬϣƬΪڿת˼ȦŤŤϣ֮ǰڿ񵽵ġ
֮ǰڿɳ棬Լȥʱ˳ģȻ˳ƾ˳Ϊɳ¶ѻ˲ٶӶɨһ£óһſݡ
ԷͷϵƬ
ԺѸصļ䡣
š֮ǰƬڵϵʱеƬΪϵĴש̫˳䵽ȥ˰ɣԲŵ֮ǰϵƬûмȫط֡
㻹ʲô˵ģ
ûСԷסǭZȼ֣ǰְǸӣҸСZڽ
һѵĻڶӦɫıǳ֮ĹϵӦöôظԣеĻ͵һһȫкģԷ˿ε̬ȣȫûϵ

ֹǭZȼµˣɵɵؿԷ㣬˿ûлرܵ˼ǹĳǱ˴֮һϵڻץ֣ؾ񿴣ʮָ۵˫Ƶġ
ҺϲҲϲҡʵ˵ЩʱԷһֱڳӿţ㾭ҲԾɲţ֮ҲΪǭZȼ˵棬Լĸ׳Լİ⣬˵Щڱ׵黰Ҳúܺߺܲ˼
ʲôϲ֪Ӧ˵Ļ𣿡۾ŭǣΪ飬ű÷޳ǲǣ


һʣԷǭZȼƿԡ
ڲ˵ˣղŲǻ˵ô
С£ϲģȸ׵ġǭZȼ򴽣ǰһԷԼܲʲô鶼ƵԷϣʲô˵
ô֪ϲҵģ
˭֪Է㷴ôһ䣬ǭZȼͣȻ֪˵ʲôźá
Է㰡Է㣬ȼȼĽ㰡ôܹһǭZȼԷ˵Щֻͷǵġ
֣Ҫ˵ҸСZ֮ĽùϵһʲôľͲˡЩҲ˵ˣҲѾˣңҲǼҵŮ𡣡
Է⻰ҭסˣļԷʮʱֽԷ㣬ʵѾĸĹϵˡ
ô˵ҺҲİְֺˣ
Ҳ˼ԷЩ⣬ղŵǾ仰˵̫һЩе㲻̫ظĸ˼ֻ֪ҲֿģְҲ˵ˣ֪ѾʮˣǸԼ˼ĳŮ磭ˣ֪ԼҪ˭ܹܿ϶ȷҶСZĸ龿ǲǰ顣
ãҾ͵ȷˡЦŵͷô֤ǽֿ

ûпǹ֮ĸ鷢ʲô仯⣬ǷˣԺͬһÿ˴˵жΣҪػԶԷϵһطţʱô죿Ҹ䵱ûйŮ𣿡
ǡֿġǭZȼĬĬ˵еСԵġ
ְ˵ǶԵġĿǡȷһĵԷ㲻òϣĿǴһĿܣ磬ǡְ꣬һʱ򣬻ֿ𡣡
ԷͻȻ֮ˡ
ǭZȼġ
ǭZȼ벻֪ʲôʱֿʲôʱǾͿܻ֡
ԷҲһֱΪǭZȼ뷨еţ֪ҪôܹǭZȼԼ⣬Ҳ֪ӦôܹǭZȼȷȷʵʵĸоԼ뿪
ȫУɲ֪᲻ǭZȼҪְȫС
ͻȻ֮䣬ˡ
ǭZȼĵǴŵģ
ͺúõһȴҪȥǷֵĿܣ磬ȥ֮顣
ôΪʲôҪһ
ȻһĻֻҪúõؿǱ˴֮ͺֻҪӦõһͺ
ΪʲôҪȥֵء
Է˵ǭZȼһһ̣ʹûֵⰡ
һĺúõģʲôѵĵط޷ĵطܹʱͽ˾ʱŵһ취ȷķʽɣ
ԡ
ΪʲôҪΪ߸仯ͷأ
ΪϲһģȴϵȥǷֵ顣Է㳰ƵЦˣǺ𣿡
㡪һʱ֮䱻ԷƵԶԡ
Ļȷ㡣
һʱ򣬾ûҪֿ
ϲˣôܻҪֿء
ְһʱǣ߸仯ô죬ְĵһӦӦ˵ôܡ𣿡

Է㻰µû˵ˡ
òϡ˭ûΪտʱأ׹밮Ǳ磬˭޷ơ
һʱ˭ֵ⣬һв
һôôܻȥ顣
֪һʱְֺܻ֮ûа취ҸСZһ顣ԷǭZȼ֣תͷһЦݣż˵ԸȣԸСZһʱ֤ǻһܾúܾõġ
ʱ˵滰ɡ
ȳȥɡֻͷʹѣӦԴǼҵķһ飬Է㷴Ļȷʵ޷ش
һ䡰ơֿܹô
Էϼᶨı飬֪˴𰸡
š
Է漴ǭZȼ뿪Էİ칫ҡ
ǭZȼԷղ˵Ļ֮Уþûлع
ֱԷվ·һ⳵ϵַʱѹȥȥĶ
šȥһЦĵطԷ㽫ǭZȼգͶˣ㿪
ΪձԷñΣԷǡڻϰʱ䰡
Ǿ̰ɡԷƵ˵ǭZȼǰԼ̫ˡ
ʵԭԼˣԷŶԡ
ǭZȼǰģ磭񣭸ӵģȴʼԼΧΧǽԼԷ롭ΪԼĹϵԲŽز֪ܵӰ죬Լ
ԣڡӦؽ⿪ǭZȼ
ְҲ˵ĹЧֱ½˰ɣ״̬Ҳû취úͶ뵽֮аɡԷڳһȫˡı飬üëȻˣȥһ¡
ǭZȼüëڿôòãԷֵһ£ء
ö˶˵ĴҰ
ԺüˡԷЦݣҲϲ㲻˵ӡ
ม
ౡ
ͻȻԷȥһǭZȼա
ССͣҪܰڳһɣӡ
š
Ϊ˼ල㣬Ժ󡭡ҶúõشߡԷ㿴ǭZȼ˫ۣĿת˽סǭZȼָ֣ԣҪ¡
á
ǭZȼԷ㻰˼䴽ǡ
лҪ˵
¡
һС뷨ʵΪСZһֱľ׵ġ
ʵѸ鿴üһĻǾСǸӡ
İùôֻҪǸϵĵߵĽ˱ġ
ô֮⣬ӦҲҪν⣬ȥǷ֡
ҳ΢˵ϲϲϲʣܲһͬ顣
ܹģİ鰡ֵÿȥҲĻ޻ڵİ鰡
ôȽƫʵվʵҵȷǹִΪġ
ܶ鶼ҪԱȣҲڶԱȡ
ܹĸ֮ΪĻôֻܹ֮һľ޷ơˡ
Ϊ׼ֻһ
ͺñȣһѡ⣬𰸣ȫ˲ܵõְֻܹѡһǾֻһѡķ֡
ÿ˵ı׼ͬ˶졣
˵ôֻ˵ϣÿ˶԰
ĸģԷŲǸԵˡ
ʵҲǺŷֵġ
һ飬ÿ˶вͬĿ
Ժǳȥ뿴˵뷨ͳġ
Ϊ֪ûпʯ֮ţһ
Խʱǲڵģǻʱֶ˵һѡһ仰ɺֲܶͬĽ
Ϊһ仰չɲͬķ֧ľ֦Ѿһкֲ֦ܶ
ôһĻͻãʵԼӵйܹıһе
˵ôߴңУرҪľʱ
Ϊһ飬ʵܻиõĽ취ֻǵʱһʱ֮ãû뵽ѡ
ϣҶܹΪһ޻ڵˡ
ҳԹ̫ºڵĿˣܽͷڶϲǺܹ
ԸҶܹԼҪӡ
Σ˵һ£֮ǰ˵Ǹѣʧˡ
߳ˣڰ˵һһ߳ߵ
ҵѸĸĸˣѾ߳ˣͰһúõĹȥ
ʵ˵ĸĸû谭̫ԣ˵ĸĸʵһʼҲǲͬģֶûж༤ңֻﲻͬ⣬ϻǱȽϺġ
˸ĸĿͰ˵߳ˡ
֪ʱĺܸˡ
ʵ˵飬Ҳߴңõİ飬Եˣ˾ͱ֡
ҵرǻֿܹһߵĲס
˵İԷκѶ˵ģҪӦȥ
ǵ󰤲ȥͷ֣ʵҲһˡ
ȻҲܻ
ϻô˵ĸ
˵һ£еİۣ
ȥĵİֻҪԤնѣǴ㵽ʱһĸ¡
ֻŰİһЩعȣһЩղضѡ
һһдٿһģ˫߸࡭ﲻ
ֻЩԶԾͰĸųѣԺдӡ
ģȿùõһȻмСͮϷ
ԵĻϣҿղһҵǡ
Ϲл?


225 
ԷǭZȼȥ԰
ΪǹյĹϵ, ԰˲ôࡣ
Ʊ, Ȼ쵽ǭZȼǰ, ̯, ĳϡ
ʲôǭZȼ˼
ֻ
มǭZȼĴӿڴֻóϡ
ԷֱӰֻ˻, ȻŻʲô, רĵͺˡ
ǭZȼŴ, һ˾ô졭ǷĲ¹ϵ顣
ͽ, ʲôҪ룬Լһ, 𣿡Է㳯ǭZȼգգ۾, ˳˼˵ҸְַѶˣ˵һ, Ӧҵ˼
𡣡
Ѿˣ֪ڽ, ղŵ״, ƺҲͦ, ǭZȼЩġ
ڻᷴҲͺˡԷοܵùȥ
Է˽ŲǭZȼ󣬽ִļ, űǰߣֱӾͱɽǱߵĩβȥŶˡ
ŶӳǰһôڷƮ㣬żһ磬֦ǵҶӱƮɢǿݽߵغɫһ̣ǭZȼҶӲڽ棬ҶĴ
룬졭Ҫ˰ɡ
ǲζţԷһУҲ𽥹ȥء
Ǳ˴֮ܵѹʹ࣬ǲҲЩҶһ㣬ʱȥȻڴʱӭ
ʲôأҪԷסǭZȼ֣ƱݸԱߵǰҺλȥ
ʱǭZȼŻع
⡭ʲô
ɽ
ӦʱԷѾ˰ȫԱҲǰȫˡ
оɽŻʻٶ죬ȻһһʻϣһǭZȼָ˰ããգɫĵ׺һ˲һһĸо
һ롪

ߴβļֲ˭˭ֻԼƵš

ͻȻоһֻ֣ס֣ǭZȼͷһԣԷ˫ۣƺܺµӡ
ǭZȼֻסԷ֣Щٽתǰʱһת䣬ǭZȼͻȻЦˣǱΧЩ־йĺȾƵģҲſʹг
ԷǭZȼźĿ־Źɽ϶¼ٵĽ䣬ȴȻźſ۽ǵһ˿϶ĿǭZȼϵЦݡ
漴ҲͶ뵽һй֮С
ӹɽǭZȼߵԷץ֣ΡΡģ·߲ˡ
Էʵ˫ŶڸŶ֪ԼôӹɽģҲ֪һµĸ߿ôġ
̲ס̧ԼĵطֶһԼʣоԼڸղŵһ߿֮ûлعʹˡȻǾסô̼ʶЩˡ
ٿǲǭZȼǸԼһĹɽɽ֮ǰһһû׼õӣԼԱȴܸû¶һģ˿ûܵӰ졣
ȲñȲãԷ㿴ǭZȼ֮Աȣò̾һ䣬ãл
С㣬㡭𡣡ǭZȼԷߵһߵĵ
һ£ͺˡԷƽҲǶ־壬ֻǴӸ߿µһ̲סļ¡
͡ǭZȼûôӵԷ㣬̲סûûεЦˡ
Է㣬ҪôǶװڳѵҪôһׯҹӣ¶˿˿Ǳӡ
Ȼڣϣ긲ʱķ־ˡ
Է΢΢ͷװûǭZȼЦϾĺûӡ
ôҲҪǭZȼֳģŵһĿԼͿҪˣҲ̫ˡ
ʵûŵһĿô̼ģһʼǴѭ򽥽һЩƽһЩʩȵǭZȼԺд̼ġ
ɿǭZȼģŸɴֱ̼ĺˣǭZȼܹоͶ뵽С
Լˡ
ҼǵáСʱɽûô°ǭZȼȥһһƿˮšԺ󣬵ݸԷ㣬Աôһ꣬˶Ծˡ
Է㲻˼ıû˵ʵСʱָ߿͵ʩҲļµģκǭZȼСǭZȼû޴󺰵ģܱܲǭZȼҪ°ɣҲ̫ûˡ
ҡҲǭZȼΪȡЦ
ԣԷشǭZȼ⣬ĬĬؾˮƿˮȻعȥ
ǭZȼԷ㲻ǺشӣȻҲһǺܿĵġ
ˮȵһ룬Էͣ¶ǭZȼͷŵϵĸɰͰͽӲ˫ذڶţǱǳǳЦ⣬Է룬Լûа׷ѡ
ǽȥһɡ
סǭZȼûסЦ⣬Ҳ͸¶Էĵ٩㻹𣿡
ȻԷǭZȼһۣΪ֤Լû£վǭZȼǰת˼Ȧ֤Լһ鶼ûУҿɲСҡ
˵ԺǭZȼ֡
Ǻð
ǭZȼǣסԼһһĿ
еıӰůůϵóġ
ֱˣ˲һЯ˼ҡ
С㣬С㣬ˡӶ˴ţ㿴ˮǣһǭZȼԷ߱øӿһЩ֧֧˵ڿǡ


ԷǭZȼһۣ˴˶û˵ʲô
ǭZȼ룬صǲòȥʵⰡ
ûˡ
ûߵѾӿķˡ
衣
衣
ǡ
Է׼ʱ˷˵Ļ裬ʲôһ˵ɣҸȼȼ϶Ǻȥϴ裬Ȼġ
俴һǰ˿΢ʪĵŮû˵
ǰţȥϴ裬Ȼ˶಻áҲ˵ûȻԷǭZȼʹɫǸϽ
ȵԷǭZȼʧ֮еʱ򣬷Ŷ˵֪˵֪֪ҵĿİ
֪ƲƲͣǱƵٽʲôأĻѵܰǵƤô
ûа취ˣ˵ʲô취
ȻҪŮֻˡ
ʼ伴ԷԼĹҲܹоԷĲˣҲظоЩ
ʵҲԷ˩߲ǳ֮ƣΪҲһʮСʱĴԷߡ
ԷѾһˣҲȥɡ
ҡа취ġֻ֧֧Ŀǰû뵽
ңһһⶼûСûؿŭ۾·ܹˡ
СɡԥҪҪԷڰ칫˵Ļ߷䣬˼Ƭ̻ˣоֻѣϾڻͷϡ
ʲôɣ

̾޻˵
ƬԼֵģʹˣڼҵʱ򣬼浽׷ʲô顣
Ӷֻ˵֮ǰ䷢˺ܴһƢ
ûޣֻ˽ȥѼļظȡˣ˲֪便ж׵Ҳǲܹⷽ䵱ĸ׵顣
ɿǭZȼ˺üƣ׵ĻʱҲǾĵ۰
ӶģǭZȼʲôʱô˴οֵĻǷ䡣
ͻɡŭվֻһ䣬Ҹûꡣת˷䡣
һɳϣü䣬˼Ӧôźá
ΩһˣλŮʿúñţֱⰡ
ԼŵĽοĵҲ޵ԷǭZȼǹֱܾҪֿǿ϶ȵ컹ѡ
İƭ˵ģʣԼҵŮ֮ĸԺ󣬾˽ĬĬϸĹ۲˿ԷȷͬѰҲȷ˰⡣
ɹؼǡ
ܳʲôʱء
˭ܹ֤ⲻǵһʱ𣬻߱һʱԻء
ʲôܹ˵Ω¶û˵
һһ
ѡ
Ѱ
лҪ˵
ǡ
һдݱȽ϶࣬Ӧûø㡣
¼
СZǸԺСʵѾһĸоˡ
СZҲС¿
ʵ巬Ҫ𡭡û´ٽʡ
⣬ƪԤգղأѣ


226 
ϴˣ
Էϴ贵ͷ, ߵǭZȼķ￴ʰôˡ
š
ǭZȼŴǳɫ˿˯µԷ, ĴһƽעԼģ, ؿ, ˾ôԵעŶԷ˫ۺһ
졭ôڰְֵİ칫ǭZȼĪʱԷ˵һ
ڻ, ĻЩĶѡ
˵ٵԭ򣬿һ, ԷĲ, ǭZȼоԷòһˡ
Ϊûʲô鰡, ֿ쵽緹ʱ䣬ȥһԷԷ˼, ΪͻȻؼ, ȻһЩϵ飬ûʱȥԣżȥһҲ
Ȼ˵, ְ㣬һ㺰ϰְһԷ, һߵ칫ſھ洫ˡԷεʼ
ǭZȼգգ۾, û˵ʲô, ֻ治ζ񡭡Է㿴ӡ
֮ǰܹǿԼרĵĺúùģҲ֪ô£״̬ԽԽеʱо˶ǻ㱵ġ
ʱһļһһСʱ, ʮӾܹ⣬ȴҪѺüʱܹɣֻǻʱ䳤һЩҲˣؼʱҲ˷ѵˣ޷֤ͷʹ
ҲĹ״̬ôãҲû֮ĴԺͽ֮ĻĻһӲȥˣʵû飬ټϡЩҲûֵĹȷ·˺üΡ
Ϊһ˵Ĺ⣬ȴһļͬ£ҲѹǻԹԡ
뵽ǭZȼԳһ¡
Ϊ̬ȣԡӰ쵽ˣ𣿡ԷǭZȼ֣ԼԵλãʾǭZȼԼԱ
˵ΪңԡĹˣԷֱֱĶǭZȼԼʵ뷨˵滰
޹أǭZȼŵҡҡ֣Էᣬͷ뷨Լ⣬ûм˺Լ͹
ôô˵ءԷ̧֣ظգǱӰ飬ҲǺ鰡Ϊʲôڡϲе⡭Լء

ҲԾãѹܴ󰡣Ҳ԰Ѳĵ鶼˵Է˳ǭZȼգĶָ࣬Ķ䣬ÿ˶ԼļޣԲô㡣
ǣϣ㰡ǭZȼͷƲһߣ̾һ
ֻгΪˣվߡ
֪ʱԺ֮뷨
ǡҲҪͿ
ʲô
㲻ǡҪΪ𣿡ԷԴ΢΢ͣƺмζҪһֱһĻҲҪΪ˲а

ǭZȼֻ΢΢һЦԴûзۡ
ﲻ˵
ԷսһЩ˵Ļûʲô뷨𣿡
ǭZȼֻǶԷ㣬ԷԼǰŴĬ˺һžƽ˵һ𡭡᲻úۡ
ʵʳڵһ̣žԼԷ֡
ԷõʲôĻشأ
𰸡ʵ֪
ǣʡ
ʵûٳǣǿ֮ɢ֡ѹֵķΧȴʼûмٹ
ܶʱ̫ȥĸӣΪǵ۾ûü˼Ѿȸ֮ܵеѹָС
ǣúܡ
롭ԷһҲǰɡ
ܡܡ
ԷסǭZȼ֣ƶĸᡣ
šǭZȼϵıûʲô仯ƺҲǣ޲Ǿͺáࡣ

֪ôģǭZȼ˵ֻԷ̲סﷺᣬ˵ǭZȼĻ§סĲӣ°͸ļϣҺ࣬ҲҸһۡ
ѵ𣿡
ǡԷͷǣ
šǭZȼûϵԷķӦô󣬱ḧıϣǡǡ
ˡ
š

ǭZȼһԾԼ޶ԷһۣûüһʱӦ

ԷȳͷǭZȼĲ䣬ʼûиı䣬شʱƵġ
վõӦƿŴ߽ȥŮ̸һ̸һžͿԼŮ˯ڴϱһ
תͷƲһһߣһ˲μֱ޷ݣ
׵ĽŮͱȽϾнϾŮбŮܸŮ§§һһĻײĶ鰡
ǡ˵ʲôɸտھ;˵ȥˣǵģ
ǭZȼԷļʾ뿪ԼĻˡ
ԷҲϵֱ壬ΪǭZȼһͷ
ʵǹģʱŵĳĸĸ˭ء
֣ôˣʲô𡣡ǭZȼʳָգǸоͦεģͻȻеǶԲ
һֱڿôûûʹվԭغһOO@@ƽתߵǭZȼߣ
衭ɡԷܹµԭ
˼˵û˵ǸղʲôңҪǸղ߽䣬ɲñ
䣬һͷ
ΪŮˡ
ǭZȼԷıԹѡ˱죬ڲ˵ʲôŶֺá
˵飬Ҳôģ١ڼ棬ر𡭡ע⣬ǡر𡯡ǿǰעһ·ִ;롣
ǭZȼľګ񣬡ְ˼ǡ
ˣô˵ǴҾԷһû⡣ǱϾǽãСһ𳤴ֵܷǲǰôһҪǿô졣
ǡ˵Щģ
ԼǰѶ
ֻڼעִ˼ǣ桭Ͳ𡣡
Ȼǡŭʳ⻰ǭZȼˣӹһ˼

ǭZȼͲ˵ˡ
֪֪Ϊǵ飬Щ춼ǣҲԲã˯Ҳ˯¡뵽Լÿ˯Լշתߵξ;ܣǰŮӵܾ;ͷۡ
ҡȼȼҲܰԷץסǭZȼ֣˵
֪治ˡԴӿƬͼ¼Ժ󣬾пĸŮ֮ľͷΧ̬ԽԽܣﲻʹҲûô
С֪֮ǰȼȼ顣˵Ҳһʹȼȼ衣㣬Ҳܡ

ǭZȼͷû˵
Է״֣ο
𣬵ʱȥҽ𡣡ϸǭZȼѾʲôۼˣе㵣ġ
ˣûˡԷǭZȼشġ
ҲסΪʲôôĻǭZȼû˵ȥ
Ϊ֪Ӧôݲźá
ǰʱ򣬷֪ϲŮӵʱȻҲǿҷԣҲûеʱ֪Էһʱ򣬷Ӧôҡ
ѵΪۿԼԷڴϵԵô
ô˵ءͷŭǭZȼܹ⣬ڸĸӦΧ֮ġ
ǭZȼǾЩ֣ǰʱôһЩ
һ䷴ԵǸƺΪǰһҪöࡣ
ʵҲĿԡ
ɫЩѿҪҪԷǭZȼ˵Щ顣
ʲôԣǭZȼüʵ
һԷ㣬û˵
лҪ˵
ǡ
һ»˵ԭ
ֱӸµķݵģʱ䲻ˡ
Ϊ챻ȥˣûʱ֡
Щ
ʵСZС۲۵ʱҶﷺᡣ

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227 

Է㲶׽̽ѰĿ, ʶĿһǭZȼ, Щ֧˵, йϵ𣿡

ԷԴɵ, û˵
Щ˵ôʣǡ, Щֻܹ˵
֣ô˰
ǭZȼ, ϰôͻȻͲ, ղŲǻһ˵дǵô, ˵˵һֳĬֱθڡ
ǸйصɡԷ㿴ó, ǹ, ԥţûϵİְ֣˵, ܹܵס
ˣԼǭZȼ̸鶼, ʲôܲء
ʱԽǶ׽, ЩԽԿ˵, Էѵһضˣڱġ룬ܹ׼ġ
С㡭Լ飬ǵ𡣡˻ԼԴ, ϣṴԷʲôõļ䣬Ҳϣܹ⵽˺˵ĸ
š
ἰĸ˺һŵ˵ͷ
ǼԺͷʵٸ˵飬ǰ̸ܹܶ;̸۵֣ԷļУԭͥĴָһθ𣬶ѾǺüǰˡ
йϵ𣿡
С
ͷʵ
Էɫ΢㶣ԾԵǭZȼ
ǭZȼĵĲƹĺ󱳣ϣ§סܹȻĿԼĻ
Է֪ǭZȼĶԼǭZȼ§סֱֵϣбһǭZȼϡ
ǭZȼĪһֱԷεĸоΪԷ׽ĵһ޷ݵĳֱ壬ֱֱͦģƺַʽԷ㣬Ҫ£Լڣ԰ĵԼ
ʵԷȥ飬ǰһǭZȼһ֪
Ϊһ񼸺ӲڼҲԷǰԷԭͥ顣
ԴǭZȼԷѾһˡ
ңʵϣͷһʼԼ֪ԷʵûѪԵϵ
ΪԷԼ飬Է㱾Լģ˵֮ͻ̫Сһʱ֮޷⣬һ˼˼컹û˼ȥʹʦ
ʦ֪ԺǸһȻ绰֪顣
ҲǻΪͷŷбҪԷ֮ĹϵԾĸĿ֮Ǻһ֣صؿһμͥ飬õ棬Խһ֮Ĺϵ
ɼǽͣǭZȼԴ˵ĽǶȻоʵҲûаѻ˵ж͵ЩģСӶԣЩ͵㹻ˡ
ֻ٣Էԭͥ飬Ǿʹûչϸ˵ᶼûᣬֻǸԼסԷĽ㣬ҲͬǵŮԶҵһ֮Ļ㲻ٶˡ
۽ǵ⣬ƳǭZȼԷ֮ġСͣҲûж˵ʲô
ҲܹµǭZȼҪοһԷСҲ̫֣Ըɴ͵ûˣȼȣС㻹ǵãǼ꿪ʼһһദ𡣡
šţңʱ̫ˣԷǵòǺˣֻǴŵͻ΢еӡ
͡΢΢һЦ˵ԷΪŮ񣬶Ѿжʮˡ
һΣѾôá
ʵأΪҸŮʼ֮Ȼû˵Ǳ˴ﶼԷиĵԼƵģĸ顣֮Ĭһʼٸ㣬־ʮ̫СŴ١
˵۾ʶƮǭZȼԷ۵ʮָϣоַΧ£˵˻Ƶģɫ˱䣬šҲпǹȹЩٸ㣬Ҳ뷨ϵڣǺԼٸˡ
ĸأ֮ǰǽ֮ǰһܴ顣˵ﲻͷܾøԷЩ̣ϲһŮӣΪŮӣ̹ʵ飬ǡ֪ǡΪ飬ˡ


ĸһܺõŮӡ
ڻÿϧ֮͸¶ϧ
Ϊ佻ȷϱ˴˳ΪԷһԺڷĽ£ʶԷĸ
棬⿴Ӻ̸£֪һǳͻõŮӡ
ԷĸСʱھӣСʱϵͺܺãΪԭӣаˣУˣҲûж֮ϵ
֡㡭ǭZȼͣпϧҲ
üǭZȼһתҲ㣭𣿡
ǭZȼȻûѻ˵ȥǻ˼ײˣ֪Ů涼װЩʲô
ءǭZȼţĿģ̲סɪһ£Ҳǹİ˭ôô
ͲѧѧС㣬һôСŮûа취
ǭZȼ˹û˵
Сĸ֪ҸҪʱ򣬺ǿģ˵˺ܶܶףǵĻҲһֱҺúöԴ䣬ܿó֮ĸǳǳãҲһֱܺõѡ̾һҲǸʱע⵽ʵûкܿģΪǸʱѾˡ
һʼֻ֪һϲˣرˣɺȴԽԽ
Ϊ桭ϵ̫𡭡ǭZȼ׷ʵͬʱҲ§Է㣬ܹоԷϵı仯
Ҹ䶼ΪɺɫԽԽ˵ʵŸǣǸŮӳܲѹֺһŤͷϾͽˡ
ǭZȼ̲סզ࣬ȴһ仰Ҳû˵Ͼ¹ԷĸҲöۡ
ǡĸءԷ㿪ˣȴǲزסĲ
̫ãһֱɴҲʼиԵĹȽæȴִֵҪ˵Լȥɢɢľͺˡ
ɽҸճʱټʱĶѾˡ˵ܾЩ̣Լ˵ǣĸһ⻳ϵģҲΪûдϯûлֻͥ˼򵥵ĳ˶ٷԡҸ䶼֪飬ֵʱѾмˡ

֮£ԷоЩڹȥģĵطƺʼ
ǵáĸ׶ʵܺãֻǡ٣żЦЦţԷҲܹоóʵ֡
ЦǳǿͲ԰ס
ĸԭ򡭡ԷûмǴĻǣĸΪ⣬⣿
ǡ
ԺԽԽҲǣÿ¡ĻҲʼЩղס뵱ôõŮӣȴĬԣôܲϧء
Ұְ֡Էüһʱ죬ûעƺ֮Ŀڣ˵ҵ
һοЦݣ֪Է㲻ǹģЦŸûϵģĸ׵״ʵһֱ̫ã֮󣬱ø㸸ס֪ĻΪøĸһ𲻿֣Ծ͡
ĽıȽίȻЩѾǹȥöǰˣǲϣΪЩ֥ùӵ飬Ӱ쵽ڵԷ㡣
Էǲǵãǵö٣ֻ׻ڲ⣬񶼲ϣܵ˺

Ļ˵ԷҲܹµˡ
޷ǾǼ֡ϥǶܹ뵽ĵԭ
ʵͼûʲôڸ׵ļ䣬ڡûʲôӡ˵ԭͥԭļͥҲֻĸ˶ѡ
ԣǾжѹһ֡ˡĸо
ٺĸ׵ԽԽ͡ˡ

ǭZȼ۵§Է㣬ȻҲǵһ˵Щ飬ԷΪˣûٹԭͥӡҲ϶᲻ôܡ
ָԷֱۣḧţƺƾⷬٶԷ֪ЩȥˣǹȥˣڡԼߣֿɼĵط
û¡ԷգǭZȼ˵֪ǭZȼǵ
Щ顭ǴһʵʱٸġʵءǰЩӣ衭䣬Ǵȥаݼһĸ׵ģʱҶȥģƫƫǰЩҵȥس˵Լһȥ
Ҳиڵ绰˵ҪҪһȥǾáʱԺһ㡣
ǡ跴ҸСΪ
ΪСĸ飬˺ܴӰ졣Щ£Ҳò̫ãǾŮӸŮһ𣬲ʲôýԼܺڣĸϣûȥĻӦǿ֯ĸϲǸŮӵġ

޷⣬Ҳǵ衣˵͸ɰͰ͵ģ̲סˣңûЩȣҲδػ֮ͬ顣

ǭZȼû˵췽ʱϷŭıˡ
ǸʱȻͷżܹƳϵıģ˷ŭϻűˡ
ǭZȼҲͻȻˣΪʲôʱôݡΪʱԼ͵ǹײ
ǡְءǭZȼͻȻʵ
ûڴ⣬ǾĿǰ񡭡վԷߵģ
ңҡҡͷǲǾãְûķԣǵͬ˰
ǡѵ𡣡
ʵ˵ְֲ޳ɡûвͬ⣬ⲻ޳ԷǭZȼһ顣
ΪʲôǭZȼף޳ɵ˼ѵǵڱᷴ
˵ŮˣһһŮһ𣬶ҪôĲۺпߵ󡣡ͷߵƽ̹Ⲣףô򵥵ģοŮӣҪԵѹҪࡣ˵ˡǵĹϵֻŮӵ⡣
ΪףϣŮڱָָĻ֮̫ˡ
ĸĸϣŮѶϣܲ۵أ
ְáǭZȼһ˵׻ǣ磭ƫҸСֿԸкӽܹپдĥô˼ô
кӸŮһʼǴԵĻҲŮԶ棬ҲôпʵǭZȼǰ
ǣ˭һ𣬶ûнݾ߰ǭZȼ̹Ȼ˵һ˵һ̣һξܵǰδеɣܹнݾߵĻ˭ҪȥԶ·ߵһɣ
Ϊ֪ԲֵóԵļֵ

εƲƲ죬ûˡ
Է㣬ǭZȼһϸ˵õȻǺܺʵһ¶
ѵ𣿡ǭZȼüëںѯ
ǰԷͻȻЦЦȻͷļͷǭZȼܹô룬ܸˡ
ܹ⻰ô˵ְû취ش㡣˸ۣͷƳһߣǲϰ֪Ůų֮ԺǰôܵĶôôŤǾһ۾ͻܣĻû⣬Ҿû⡣
ְ⻰˵˾͵û˵
ǭZȼ֪һǸūشҲ˵ūʽı׼ˡ
Ҿ˵ˣ֮ءвԵĵطǱȥҲܵġ
ûй衣ԷЦЦϣ֪Ϊ۰ǡ
ܹô룬Ȼٺòˡοĵ˵ͷˣϢɡ
ְ
ְ

뿪֮
ԷתرסǭZȼ
ôˡ
һ˯ԷǭZȼĻƵش˳òá
á
ǭZȼ΢΢ͷͷϡ
ŵζǼ䡣
лҪ˵
£


228 
ô, ͵ɡ
ǭZȼͶӰĻң˼, ͶӰ档
, Adaһ¡ǭZȼǰʰ, ر˱ʼǱģУУҳ棬Ȼֽļ
ܼʲôԸAdaԼļһ, ȻǭZȼһʰ
ôڣǭZȼصͶӰǣϱʼǱ, ûǴĻ, ӰǱߵĹʮſʼ, ڲ9㣬Ķȥˣ
߹ʽˡAdaʵش
٣ǭZȼеĶһ, ²Ǳ˵, ʲôԭô
ǲ١AdaϵļǭZȼһͬ뿪˻, ϸ߹ʸҴ绰˵岻̫, ϵ, ҲѾˡ
ǡСǱ, ˭
߹˵Ѿϵˣһ˻ȥչ˵ġ
ˣǱȥˣȥˡǭZȼ̧֣һϵʱ䡣
Ǹ߹˵
ҵ, ûġǭZȼļʾûϵʲô⣬ʱ׷ֱҹͨˡ
õġ
ˣûʲôˣȥæɡ
á
ǭZȼһļﱧűʼǱԼİ칫ңȥǾմ绰
ôúõľ벡ˡ֮ǰʱ򣬻ĸû¶һ
˵ǺҲûô棬ԷҲǴкȻĹϵ飬ټϡ֮ǰԷÿ춼˾һ緹ǭZȼôһŷкóʱûһúˡ
ȰѱʼǱպãļȶòˣϵףŰȥͣˡ
ȥȡ·ϣŴ绰գ˵ôˣϲأԼпյĻ绹˳ȥ

绰ͨˣȴû˽ӡ
ཡཡཡ
ǭZȼִһֱ绰ԶҶ϶û˽ӡ
û취ˡ
Դ˵Ǹ˯Ϣֻһߵĸʻλϣӿȥֳ
ܼࡣ
ܼá
ܼࡣ
ţǺãǺá֮ǰжʱǭZȼȥ˱ĹߵĹҲиһֱ֪ʵϴ󲿷ʱǸߴǽͷϵ鲻࣬Թ
һЩԱһûˣѵó֣ĸк
С㡣
ǭZȼסһԱѯһ£֪Ѿˣ;ֱȥ˻ױ䡣
Ѿ˶˵ڻױǰ۾ûױҸױˡ
˸к۾תһƣſǭZȼãþò
šǭZȼͷòЦһ£Ȼ͵Сߵ㹤𡣡
㣿Сأ˵ҲĨǵģǭZȼȻ죬ô˵˴˶չϵҲûбҪ֧֧˵ȥæˣ
ǵûĻϽϵ飬ɸһִٳɵģҲȷ߹㹤ӿʼ
޲ǣ˲١
٣ûһʲôӦһֱվԱ߸Աͨʲôļˣ
ǭZȼͣһʱ֮ûзӦżŵ飬ΪжߵԼѯʵģֱ̫Ծ
ɫ˳ס·̫ˡ
ޡŷӦ֪ԼղŵΪЩ˼ʧˡ΢΢ףǭZȼǸ
ޡûû¡ǭZȼһת΢ת䣬ѾԺ֮еĲ˰˷ֵİա
ԣ칤κ⣬ֱӸҹͨͿˡǭZȼ΢΢һЦͷСʲôҪ󣬾ܸͺá
õģ鷳ˡЦŵлҲǡӿȵĻ㹤ǰ𡣡

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ǭZȼһȥͨһ½칤ϵ顣
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Ĳһ¡ǭZȼ뿪ױԺֱȥӰҵĵݹͨڽϵ飬ط̨ʿƵøһЩɡ
ȵöԺֱӿʼ㹤
߽Ӱһ˲䣬ߵĽ㣬Ӱߡ
ող˼ߵǭZȼߣһͬע㡣
ᡣǭZȼʾ£š϶лҪ˵ȻӦֱվڵԱߣֲӰ쵽ĵطȻҲųʲôϵҪһֿܡ
ҪǭZȼµĻԭӦǰߡ
ֱ
ôЩðһ£ˣ𡣡
š˼ҲǺٵȥǱ߹ͨġǭZȼشñȽϹ»첻ϰ飬ҲǴ֪ġ
˵ͷϵıԵЩį͸¶ʧ䣬Ǿòллң̫ͻˡ
ûϵ
ǭZȼһۼ漴˸ﵽһȥŹԱ̸ϵȥˡ
ԶվӰգڵƹ£΢ַ࣬任Ƶʱ۽ǵ⽫ղŵΪ۵ס
֮£һټӿ죬ʱҲһѹת֮˽ȡ
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á
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šǭZȼһڲԶרĸݽŵļߵߣС˵Ҫȥ𣿡
ǡ
üûзϡ
ǡҪһ𣿡ǭZȼ˼ּһ䣬ҵ˼˵Сҵĳȥ͡ȥա

գһǭZȼһ˿ȣ漴ӦϮã鷳ˡ
ȻһȥϢҡ
·뿪ǰ˵еҪ뿪һ£Լȥæ鲻ÿңҴԺԼ˾ġ
õġ
ԺϹīһ֣ͷϻһѼñѹñܣ첽ߵͣȥǭZȼ֣Ÿ߸Ь䡱ĳ
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ǭZȼȵԺ󣬱㷢ȥ˸ռҡ
ǰվſڣ壬˲ӣǭZȼͣذ£Ųſġ
尴һξ͹ˡĳǭZȼ˵ʵ뷢𣬿ȴûа취ŷŭʱּԺ󣬱ת߻ؿɳһϡ

ǭZȼػգ²һ˵һ㲻ûţŸſͣһֶڶûվʧûӰˡ
ǲˣͦصġ
һۣȽϵߵأԼЬҳЬˣǭZȼһ𻻺Ьȥ˿
հѼﴰģҲûпƣԹߺܰƾԼԸռҾߵİϵļ䣬ûûߵɳµġ
ǭZȼ߹ȥʱûλøˣ˵ɳϣмĳɳϣֻԵ£ֳαϣ°͸ԼֱϣһĪĶŸա
㡭ûˡȿڴ˴˿̵ƽ
ǵˡǼɤ﷢ȸղſʱĻҪ˻Ʋ١
ղǺ˵еðЩǿҲȲɳϣȻůղȥſǱ߿Ҳûף廹ڻů֮С
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ȥˡյͷû仯ƽ˵ϣܹʱദһ£԰ȥס졣
ʲôǴӸյĻЩˣڵĻûа취ദ𣿡

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ǭZȼղ̫ԣɵʣ𡣡

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˫ȣֽǰϾĵŸջش
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죬ǭZȼȽϼ
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ⲻͦõǭZȼȽϸˣɣӦõķ򿴣ô˵ܻ֪ģ֪Ҳ
˵մȥס졣ͬˡõԵЩӲΪ֪˹ȥ飬޷ԭңҲ뿴Ұɡ
ƿ̺ڵ̺ҵԼЬִĲ輸һٷңҵڸһļµĸðҩȻԹԵȥﵹһˮеĸðҩģɫĽüȥ
ҲáҩԺ󣬸߻ؿɳϣص̺һȡůӣͦġ
ûᣬΪղŸڲ輸ϷҸðҩʱۼע⵽˲輸ϵļݣһݴ
ЩĶģ
ʲôǭZȼ϶ӣŲԱȥļݸִӲ輸һݡ
Լ鵽ġԺֲһ䣬񡭡õЩǳ껷˸ġ
˵ģѧǸǰδɣŲмЦ
ƲƲɣ֪˼Щֽϵݣҿû⣬û٣û죬ǵࡣ
ļ輸һӣࣿ˭İ汾İ汾𣿡

ûІ֪ûס˸һְ̾ԼųĺӲθУ鷿Ǹᡭ
ˡ
ţͻȻЦˡ
ʵʱͦ㲻ġ㲻֪ӦðҸչԼغˡȻô۵ĵطһᷢĲô
䣬ֻԳЦЦûж͡
ԼףҪľʲô
˺סȨÿһȨͬʱȴǰǶ˵Ĺտڲԡ
Щղǹȥ޼Ƭö֮ıڷ鷿ϡ
ղûԭֻÿÿ뵽ӦͻղŵһԼЦ
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װһθһ㣬ߺʶʵ
ڴһܹԼࡣ
ϣܹЩĨȥļ䡣
ںһҵʱ򣬸ոÿһط롣
ѡҲѡ
ԣȨˡ
ѡȨ˺磬Ҳ졣
ǵ˼Ҳǲ²ֻ̫ˡۣߵҲۡôҲǲܹյ𣬿ǵľͲһ򵥵ѡܹġ
ֻԼ̺ץǣһ仰Ҳ˵
ǲ֪ġڲ˵Ҳˡ
ҡҡͷøͷڹûˡ
֪ôһҵĶ䣬͵͵ңǲǾǸ㱧һһˡ֪Сʱ͸߹һ顣
ܶʱ򣬴ǾãСʲôʲô֪ɲͲ֪Ͳɵ
Ӧ˵ûбСӸӴˡ
һӵģǿġ
ģǿҲζŹ۲ǿ
Сӣ˭ҪóԹɫ
üżСմһ˿˷ܣּżɵΣһָʲô
˵һοһˣ͵͵ĿűеڿޡŶλҵǱ飬ŷֲᣬȫƬ
ͻȻһۡ
˵ԴʱЦݸվƬһʱ¶ЦһģһԼü䣬Ͳ£һǲ衣
ˣƿ̺Щһץס֣ŵʵ
ԣҸ˵Ƭϵһ˾衣ֻȥ˺ԶĵطܻͷƲһߣһ˵֪˻ѹ֪賤ʲôӵ飬Ҹ֮ܣҪ㡣
飬һֱû˵
Ϊûոֻһ
ǸʱûжСշϣһΪƭΪǸʱСյдڴ֪ϵĻСһʧǾСռ㻹ǸӣҲӦҪ֪Ȩֻ֪Ƭϵһǲѣ֡
šȻԺδܹԼ裬֪Լһȴһֱ̫ôԱһʱʵ˼ʱ򣬻ܹ͵͵Ƭ
ʱôǲǶһżĺ˵Щ̡
աʲôʱ֪ģյۿЩ졣
ѹԴ֪һ֮ЩǿӲرʾϣܹ˵ȥ֮飬Ҫôִš
Ҳûкܾáһʱ䣬ϴλAеʱ򣬴ǰɡ
ձ۾ͷֱۼ䣬һʱ֮ʵЩƽ
ǭZȼһԣĬĬذѲ輸ϵļˣͬʱҲŶ̸֮ݡ
껷塭ǭZȼüоǳ֣ʶ𣿡
ôˣƲͷʵҲΪʵڲ뿴Ǹͷɥӣġ
šǡ費֪ҺС𡭡ǭZȼ˽֣СŮѡ
̧ͷǭZȼ
֪Ϊĸ費ҸСܵƬҺ֮ǰǸ˻ѳ껷С֮ĶԻ¼ˣ֮󾭹ƵĸңȻû¼һҾӦɵġ
ô̬²۵

ǰãһμ껷ʱ˵Ļ

ҵ˼ԡСİ

ĿꡭǺ
˵
һ¡ǭZȼ˵Ҳǳ껷ĵû
ʲôʱʼİ
Ųһǰɣ¡
ôֵôʼȻǭZȼԷ鱻֡ٵ֪ȥ顭
Ŀ꣬
׼ȷ˵Ŀǡߵˣ
ôˣקסգǲ뵽ʲôˣ㣿

ֻǿû˵ӦòӦ˵Լ뷨˵ʵ̫ǭZȼˮ
ȻΪԭ򣬺ѾӰ쵽ߵˡ
ѧ㡭㹤˳𣿡
𳶿⡣
ղǲ뵽ʲôˣ
ֻǲ롭ǲҵҲ˳ۡŰǶˮˡսüͷǸ˵ǿˣߵ𡭡
̫˰ɡǱȽνһֱԼԵʣźøͷģϾǸȦӵˣʱ̱˫е۾ء
ڰɡǭZȼҲãֳ껷ĸоϾԡ껷塱̫ˡ
һúò鿴ġջǲġ
šǭZȼ˵ͷܾùֵֹģû껷壬ˡûʲô⡣
壬塣
ǭZȼĵ绰ˣֻŸպʾԼߵһȥӵ绰ι
ҪӰ𣿡
ûа
Ϊʲôûлؼҡ绰ͷԷԴԹƽǭZȼ°ʱ䣬͸õˡ
ǭZȼע⵽Ѿߵˣޡҡˣһٸ˵ɣϾͻ
á
绰Ժ󣬸ЦŶǭZȼ˵ؼҰɣ޹Сȼѧá
ۡûסЦ
ǡҾȻȥˡǭZȼûյĵ٩СһҪҪؾƵꣿ
ˣչָָգллĺ⡣
Ǻá
ǭZȼ˵˼Ļ뿪
ǭZȼߺ󣬸ŵüͷԾûչ
Ǹ̬е飬ȥͺˣڡ㻹ôѧɡû˵
١ٻɡ
ɴ۾ĩˣܹѧô
ǾĿǰûв֮ǰʵղߣȽϷġ
мͨҪȥBУ㲡Ҿߡ
ѧΪҷˡ
ô죬Ҫǲչ˺㣬ѧԺˣɲץһѵⰡ˵дǡ
ѧϣ𣿡
ȻЦЦʵѵ㲻ϣ
ң
źߡ
ҡϣǡⲢҪ
ʲôԴŤŤɳϣ׸յ߼
Ҫܹײˡ
ֻЦŲٶԡ
ǵҲûϵ벻ҲûϵֻҪͺˡ
лҪ˵

һĸó೬ľУ
Ҿǡ
һ»Ǹ硣
ʵߵ˶ϣҲҪ
֮ǰ˵ղ絽׼ǲǵùȥļ䣬ԵĻϣܹġ
ǣܹܲԸ˵Ҫ
ڿ˵һֱ˵ˣ
ǣ
ʵÿ˶ϲ˸׵ʱ򣬶˵ϲ㡱԰ɣ
ǣʵÿ˵ġϲ㡱ǲһģǸϲ͡㡱ǲͬġ
ȷӾﳣ̨ʣˡô㵱ӵġ̨ʡ
ǣ˲ֻһ棬һֱһ飬ÿ˶жġ
ֻп˶ԷΪ˶ԷˣԷŻ಻ͬչǰ
ʵÿһ涼
ԼһԴͬչֳͬһ档
ԴĸѾͲͬڳǰȽϾнǰԺܶࡣ
е˵ϲ㣬ʵϲֻǵʱԼǰչֵһ档
˵ֻϲԼ˽⵽ĶԷԸһ֡
е˵ϲ˽֮󣬻øϲҲо˻߾û뵽뷨
ͱڵʱöԷʲôãһĥھͻᷢĦ
Ϊĥڵʱ򣬶Է׽һչֳԼ಻ͬķ档
ܹܵģĭ
Ը˵йȥĺ磬ʧ˵ĺ磬ֻǺչֳĲͬѡ
ЩԸղӰ죬ΪΪ׽ˣոЩ
ҲΪʲô˵հǰȫ
˵һҪҷ뷨ǣ죡
ϡ
˲٣ûиһЩѽ
ƪԤУղأѣ


229 
ջؼһס˼졣
պܹ, Ҳ, Ҳ, ֻż˵, ͺ֮Ļ
ˣֻܹĬ
Ļһһ˿Ρ
Ը, Ҳա
ȷϣܹշֿһʱ䣬ñ˴˶侲һ, ϣܹԼĶռ, Լ֮ĸ顣
ΡҲҪʱ䡣
̣̣һӯĽŲԶ
СС, СڹԴš
һ롣
ѾŶ롣
̣
Сܱܵ˺, ס
С, Բ𡭡ŵˡСպܽ¬ܼһǸ⡣
ûϵЦرᡣ
ŵյĻȫ⡣
СССԺ󶼴ССסڼ𡣡
Ѿûٳֹ
¬ܼΪ, ǺΪȥ飬ڸϳ, ҼΪ֪˵뿪, ޷, ŰҲؼˡ
ͬʱԺ󶼻һĿܡ
ֻǸչȽæѡ֪¬ܼ˵ʲô֮ΣҲ˵飬Ըó֮κˣᣭ֡
ҡ
ʵرϲжԸյͲмĿ, Ͳʵۣú
ҲŴջס졣֮ǣ¬ܼұ̫֮࣬ΪǸӡ
̣
Сץסָ֣żӡ
ţôˣסգż˵
ңҪؼңСհѺ·ץ壬е㼤
𣿡
ţСصصͷˣңң
һ˵Сչ⻬С˵Լ˵ģЩ̲סЦ
ˣÿģС˵ͣҪȥҪչģ
ˣţһ˲ʧ˺⣬ô֪ģ𣿡
ǣղҸ绰Сӵģ˵岻ǺСյüë嵽һȥˣ϶ǲرأȻյĵ绰Ҳӵģ

ҪؼңؼˣСձŤغŲ壬ź֣Ҫؼȥ
СС㡣¬ܼҼ״ǰסǴˣչ˺Լġֻ岻̫ѣСġ
ƭˣ
Сղһ˫С¬ܼңַԼ
Ҫؼңؼң
СС㲻ϲס𣿡¬ܼյĺ󱳣滺ЩذһҲܿ𣿡
ҲܣܣСձͣȥ
¬ܼң
վߵ¬ܼǰнӹСգ
̣ؼˡҺ䡣Сָźס㲻𡣡
ͣûлش
ģȴ⣬ʹ
밡
ôܲ밡
ÿ죬Ӷ
Ϊʲô֪绰Լ
ԼΪʲôôŤ绰
ÿ죬ֻϵʱ򣬴յ֪չôһЩʲôݡ
֡Ѿ˼£ȴ޷ĸоĺܡ
̵ġ
˵𡣡
ţ
Сյͷ
ÿϴ绰ʱ򶼻ôġСָͷʼһգ۲ۣڶգ˯úòãա
ÿ춼̣

𡣡
룡
ȥ
Ҵȥһȥ
С㡭⡭¬ֻܼÿЦѾϾŵˣȥ𣿡

翴һӱʾʱ䣬׼ŵĻռҾͿ϶ʮˡ
˵Ӱ쵽Ϣ
ңСС㲻˵ˣСչôֻѣôذɣ¬ܼҲǺúһȥرʱ㣬صĻȻȥҽԺġ
ûԥ

뵽ʱԼߵĻŲֹջշתߣԼһҲ˯ðɡ
˵ˡ
մ˿ץ֣һ۵Сд˶Ըյĵģôʧء
ǡ

á
Ӻ󣬺һ˳·;Сʱҩ꣬˸ֲͬĸðҩҩ
ΪҲôڼûȥҽԺĻһ˵ӦöǸðգÿ͵ĶһС
·ûʲôˣҲ³翿ںαϣ§ԼĻ򳵴һ·ơ
һһ
ľɫãȴղġ
³һЩķХӾĶԸյĵġ
һ㡣
õġ
ûã㵽˸ռҡ
գѾ˯ϢһǻȥԺҪСԳ֪𣿡Сյ֣վڼſڣС
ţСصصͷԼʳָڴ䣬ꡪ
ԡ类龫ģЦˣҲѧӣꡪ
ȻóԿ״ţһŵػЬӡ
ɿȴûغڰõģǣյߣյԽԽ

㶼˻ҿһûʲôҲǺæ
ӡ
ʲô¶˵ʱ䲻ˣǲҲûȥ˰ֶһ֪磭ǸŮˡ
ڼѾҳ˺ʵĶӦѡ
ǡðɡ
˵ţŴˡ
Ỵ̂ſס
á糯˵ͷǴк
衪䡪СֻԼ䣬һ˽ȥֻѾ˲ͰЬߵһߣϺ˵յĻﱧס
գЩ⣬Ժܸˡ
ʶؿ⡣
Ȼջô
˵ˡĺü˫۾ƵģװʲôûƵĿڣ㣬ԡҴ
Լĵ˿ᣬҲ˳ͬԼ˼һ𣬲
ֻ𡭡ⶢź磬ȷԼ̽ѰԺװһƳתĿͶգֻ𡣡
ŲأҲˣСձŸղ֡
ޡסЦԸ˵Ů˵ֹһء
ʵأģءҲûصܿ˵ĵزֻոմ绰ʱɸϴ裬˳ֽһ¡
Ϊȸ߹յȻܻ绰͸ս͸ղʱ򣬰ͼӴסһ
ǣͻջˣû뵽ĶôѸ٣̸Ϲˡ
ҡ
߲׽еĴӣӡӦöҩʲôİɡ
ͣһۣȫǿֲ¶󰡣ⶼʲôˣ
ۡʵûסЦ˳
հأûкأúϢһ£չֱգ壬̽䣬׼ؼˣһȥһ壬𣿡
Ȼ˵ʵҲڽ͸˳գһЩռദһ¡
ãСҲֱס뿪֮ǰ˵ҪúϢร
šЦŵͷ
ȵֻʣˡ
Ŵӣɵվԭء
ôʱ
˵С˵ˡ㣬ҾʹˡеĴӣߵյߣû뵽ͦõġ
⻰ôôء
ġһ㶣漴̽˵СǽŹģȻ岻̫˵չҡϵʱͻȻġ˵̽Ҳܹϸߡ
ม
ûʲôӦ
һ£Ӧóһ֡еĴӷŵǰ
šմ淭ԼܳԵҩ
û˵ʲôֻǹȥ˳յһˮҩɡ
á΢΢һЦһ˿ġ
һ̣˶˵ĸо


ճҩԺ󣬷ָֻƽ
罫ƲһߣȲգҲ˵
Ϊյߣ̲סü

ΪʲôҪĿ⿴أ
Ϊʲô
ΪʲôҪӶ
ˡ
ͷеģڴ˿ͻȻ˼ޡ
Ѿûа취ٶԸյĿ⣬װӶˣҲûа취װ֮ˡ
Ҫ۹⿴ҡͷƳһߡ
ʼ޷ټ侲վ뿪
ʵҲŪԼôġ
ֻǡһʼ˼ϲŵģڵǹȥʱ޷ֹͣԼĻɡ
һʼɣͱֹ
ǸͶÿһĿҲãո˵ÿһ仰ҲãնÿһҲá
նÿһ翿ÿһֵϲ
ɡ
⡣
ʲôշӦѸٵץס֣뿪һֱֻգԼôˣ
ҡʲô飬㲻𣿡
Ҳ֪Ҳ֪ڽЩʲôǡҾǽⰡ˻ţϹᣬյԼ
òã𣿡Ҫ硣
ɲԣҪ˵ҪôᰡԽ˵ԽһĪѹʼӡ
㵽ôˣղװ
Ҫҡ罫ͷƳһߣܾ͸նӣҪѰ
ʲô˼
ҲҲǡҡͷɢͷһڶҡҷ˵ЩͨͨǵãûӡһҲ벻ȥЩͨͨûСһӵоǸ˲ң㰮ǸҲҡ
㡭ͻȻЦˣ˵ģһ仰Ҳ㾿˵ʲô
㲻ҾڽЩʲô𣿡ſǻ˵
ÿһοҵʱ򣬶ڴҵѰҹȥӰһѰӰĿ⣬ҽ⡣
ҾֻĴƷһҽ⡣
ҲǡҪ𣬻ΪĹϵŶģҽ⡣
ӵҵȣǡôҵĸоҵƣΪʲôϤΪʲôԴҵһУ㶼ҽ⣬Щҽ⡣
ҸǣΪʲôҲΪʲôʲô벻ΪʲôΪʲôʵϲң
磿侲һ㣬ģǸӡģøŻˣ§ס磬˿ԼİûдȥѰҹȥӰӡ
ҲǹȥĴƷ˵㰡ûлָ䶼һҰľǺ簡
ᣬΪҰ㣬ᣬƲסᣬԼûвԭᡣ
ʱΪ뱧űģĶ޹أҲŪ㣬ԱȺᣬֺ뿿㣬һֱߣ̲סӵ㡣
ֻǳĬᡣ
ôͲءյͷȥˮϲйͬĹȥ㣬Ҳھߵ㰡ڵĺ磬͹ȥĺ磬ûзֱ𰡣ҰģǴʱ˿һ㡣
ۺʱǺ簡ʧȥ˼䲻ǵùȥЩûйϵǿһٴµĻͺ˰
֪ǡҾ̲ס粻ģΪʲôҪΪʲôҪʲôǵء
ΪʲôҪøһ˳ܹȥЩʹ࣬ԼȴΪء
ɵϡһ䣬ȥϵᣬֵôԼĴءԼ׵㣬Ҳϲ
˵ձȥ
Ҳдۿˮ̵ģղ⣬ϸģĵģѺϵˮһһǵ
лҪ˵
£
ʵҾóԼĴףҲһȵ㡣
ĺܿɰ


230 
ʱһһĹȥ
ֻǾؽ§ڻ, ·ܲʱš
кöû׽, ղԸ׵طŹᡣ
ֻǶ߻ϵشС, øղòղźһЪ˹, ԼЩżðĲͬѰ

, Ǹˣ˭
㡣, 㡣

, ˭
, 硣
硭˭

㰮𡣡
Ұ㰡
㰮ң

㰮ҡ㰮𡣡

ǹȥһҸɡ

Ҳ

ͻȻ֮䣬˺ıŤ, ԭ
ǡ
ͻȻ֪úôźá
ǡǡ
, Һ㣬û
áϲ㣬һ, ΪǹȥԵ𡣡΢΢ͷ°ںĶ, ܶᡣ

û˵, Ĭ˸յĿ, յĻеҪӱˡ
ʵ⣬ǡûȥǹƽ˵չֳ쳣, ͣΪһ̣һ顣
ʼһԲͷԼĹȫȻûиղ˻ʱһֻǺúõŶյĴ𰸡
ٴΣ㣬Ҷϲ㡣ʼʱҲǶһ֪ǸʱҲûиһദļ䣬ô
һ㣬һЩһ˽Ĺ̡
ٴ㣬ʧʱ㣬ҿҴûмģոµһ档
ǹȥһʱҲֹġ
ҾȣԭǷֿڼ䣬˴˶仯˴˶ڳɳ
ҲҾϲΪǶ˸ȥͬģȴ̲סҲ˵ϲҵһ̣ƲסĶš
ǲһӣſǻ˵㣬˴˲˽ΪûѡѡĻ㻹ѡ𡣡

ʵǣûйȥЩһͬദļ䡣
ɼˣȴܹҵĺظܵ㾿жమˡ
ʱԼ˸һֻ˷ѡ
мһܲˣ߶ˣֻʣ޼ꡣ
񡭡ڵռŸհŵǸƵġ
ʡҪˡ
ÿÿô룬ֻ̲סĵﳰЦԼԼȻŹȥԼĴס
ֱĵֿЦ
˵ɵˡոܵ·ϵģ飭֪һǿʼԼĹȥ͵͵ؿޣ§˺磬̲סЦˣȴȻ࣬ʲô㰡ģ˵ø񲡻Ƶģм㣬벻㻹㰡
ɡ
ǻ㣬ʧˣѡ˭ѡмǸûǸոоСӣ˵һЩŵȡֵĻʵǣ׵ҲбĿɰѲֳܰ

ºû˵ˡ
ʵѡ⣬Ϊ޹ѡ
Ȼġ⡯ЩͷҲǿɰġ
ʵ
ţ
ǾãܱǸȷǳԴˣô飬Ͼ̫ˣҡҲֻǳԴ׶ѡ
ԴףֻǱ
ģĥɡ
Щ㹲ȵʱ⣬˵һҪȴʧǣֻһ˼ǵãôŬ˫ۿЩƬǡһ벻
˽³ԹܶΣԼĿתضЩƬŬȥ䣬ȥܣֻһҲãҲҪһһƬﵱָо
ǲôԹȥӡ󶼺ģ
ԼʶĴɢһ㣬Ҳ֮ƥϵһ룬޷γһʣֻܹһֱƮɢҲȷе㡣
Ҳϣֻһ˼ǵãЩֹҲãЩʹҲãҲһ˳еЩ˵˵ţ̲ס
̫ʹˡ
֪ڵģ磭񣬰µķʽܶȥйأԸԼԭҲǣҪֵҪһ˳еЩ

ɵϣЩôܹءյḧźıʧȥҰ꿪ҲҰҪ˵ԲҲҶԲ㣬ԣ㲻𡣡
Щѻ˵öˣҲͳ棬˵ԼܹƭԼˡ
ܺãô
ʱһ£֪ͻǸ
ɵǸζ֪֮⣬õһΪٷ֮ʮġԭ㡣
һְʾ
֮ǰĴ𰸣ġ
һźĸǩ֧ƱٴΣ¡
飬ʵڶ֮һĿܣԾܾ
ϧǡûС
ĵطҲãԺ籧Ǹĵط
ĸģȴһ֧ƱԲҲԲ֮ĸ顣
µԭ򣬸Ҫ
ΣúΪѡԭ𣿻úϵʱĻѹĿռ䣿
Ǻ޳ô
νĵǸʵǱҪԼʹ࣬ȫȻȥǶԷ˺˵ĸܣô
һ䡰Բ𡱣˵ʲô
飬Ƿˣʱ䲢ᵹ˺ʵпĴڹ
ߺôأúİΪǵȥú
ʲô
ЩǸҪġ
Ҫģʵʹ
ʹԣǱľꡣ
ú֪һҵ﷽ʽ
ǸʱûбܾȨ
վѡȨģֻǡԼûѡˡ
ԣúţʵ¬ܼҺͳ껷˵ǸӰɣĸԸıֱᣬҲĸԸģȥͬЩᡱǡࡱ
ܹãĺһЩ

㻹ƭҵʲôʱ򣿡
ƿգȴԾɽץŸյֱۣΪ۵ԵʣͷɢҵϣЩ٣ֻܹԼպۿ΢΢졣
ձ͵ƿûʶʲôֻǴûж
껷ƭң¬ܼƭңҸҲƭҡŷŭڣҲҪƭҡ
ʲô
ΪҲ֪𣿡
ʵص䡣

Щ죬ȥܶ顣
ļ㣲һſģɳʱţ꣬ҵļաңõˡץסյֱۣ֮΢΢ףյҲΪȶ壬ô

˻ѻղ֪ܹ˵Щʲô
ôܹҰɿ˸յ֣ճȭشŸյļ򣬡ΪʲôҪ˵
ֻҧ촽ɺĿߣȴһ仰Ҳ˵
ûа취ֻ˵յĻͷļ򣬸Ϣڱ˴˵ĳĬ֮ƽԼ
ܵԼƽһЩʱż˵ҡȥǰѧУҲĸĸ
Դ֪ԼͷϵЩʵǳ껷Ժ󣬺˽Լȥ˲ˡ
Ҫȷϣ࣬ǲ¬ܼҺͳ껷˵Ǹӡ
Ұ裿סˡ
ǡԥسˣҸĸ̸һ£ǸҺܶȥ顣ȻʵҲûж٣ôѾ˽⵽һЩ
ԭΪյĸĸӴᱻų;ܾȴû뵽ദǢ
ǡ
պܶ겻عˣһֱ黳յ飬ҲûдմȥҪǺ¡ĸΪȥǨŭգ˵һЩĻ˺վͲ̫ˡ
ӺǵĶԻУóʵ㡣
Ϊʲô˵յЩӲ˵ҲЩӲԸĸʱǻЩֱŤƵģÿĸǵǮҲȫ˻˻
ΪҲѾģԸǰɡյĸĸ͵˵ΪĸǮΪ˻Щ飬ҡҲòãȴǿŲ˵ִذԼʡǮֻΪ˻ǡ˻㣬Ҳϣܹøá
ǣ̬ȱ˭ҪǿӲڻ˼˵ҹִЩ·Ŀŭ
ѵ㲻𣿡

նʱ㱻˴룬һŻ𣬾ͱķʸˡ
ǲԸ˵𣿡
뿪յĻָһ²Լķ˿ҵϵᣬ֮仹ܹΪ޹һһ
ʵ㲻˵ĻҿȥСԸҵġ
ʵϣղ˵Ҳܹµ
Ӹոĸе֪˵공֮飬ҪؼҵĻվͱ뱻ߡ
յĸĸǱôԼĸҲòȥɡ
һ̵գΪһɽĴڣֻиܹҲֻиջԸеΡ
ǱǮ׸ġ
ټϡǸʱյͣУѧ
𰸣ʵѾ֮ˡ
ûǮյͷֱӺ۾ȴڿˣǡ԰ߵġ
ջ糣ֻѾƽһԳֺ侲Щ
۾ֺ
ί
ί
㡭뿪ҺգҡҲҪչ˺ġ֧֧˵״Σ˵˵ȥô䣬ǡûǮ
Ǹʱ򡭡
͵ذѸ§ԼԼۿ˳
ò㣬ҲܲʹˣᡭֹסԼµ
ڴ˿̾ͷ·һСƵģ㵽˺Ļͱӻץס·Բ𡭡ʲôûС

ֻǸţ
ǰʱ򣬺ܶΡӵһ𣬴ձڻ
籧Ÿյһ̲ŷ֣ԭҲխխļԵøҪ˱
ȴһ˳еôôΣôôصĵӡ
ϢĨԼϵᣬôθԼĻޡ
ֱƽ
ſ˵Ҳԭ㡣
յĺֹˡ
˵Ϊ㱾ûԣҪҵǸ
յ壬ԾںĻýӲ
ô˵ҵ˼
յյĶߣתһ磬նУҸΩһŮҲΩһļ̳ˡһУĸծʲҼ̳СҲ˵µ֧Ʊȫȫҵʲ
ֱɵˡ
Ϊյĸףոõѵһô

粢ڹȥǼȥΪ֪ձΪŹȥǼִš
˵ֻϣֱܹȥҪӱȥһԼԼĽŸϲ˾˭һ
һζĹִֻ
ȻˣβѹȥյһΪأ
ԣԺҪٹԼˡȻĻҲԼΪʲô벻ȥһ˳еЩ

ԡһ¶ԡȥִ¿ʼúõ𣿡

סȴŸյĻش
š
СգҰ㡣罫յĲ䣬ζлķ䴫ϴˮζԼͷɢζıϣ߼һ
Ҳ㡣
յ˫§˺ϸǹȥڣҰ˶ֻ㣬ֻǺѣ㡭˭ԡ
ǲҲӦѧŷ¹ȥ飬һһĸһרעǵδأ
죬һ𣬻գһȥһ²ĸ𡣡ظŸյıڸè˳ëһ㡣
á
ùȥΪ廳ɡ
ӴԺǡգһ¿ʼ
лҪ˵
ʵԼȥԺ󣬲ҲܹµһЩˡ
Ƹ˵ϣֱܹȥ顣
ΪԽǱ棬֮һ̸ֱܶҲǷŲ¹ȥ顣
ʱ򣬿޳ԺﷴͺһЩƵġ
֪յԺʵͲµˡ
ΪǸգɸȴûзϹ飬һֱȡĬϵ̬ȣΪϣֽ֣ѵĸо
һ㣬ԴΰƸ˵ǱйҲܺһЩջһֱȥ
Σ粢ǵĳԹȥԼĴס
ȷΪտĿϵһɣյϲ˭ֻֻıѡ
ȻȷгԴףʵҲڸԼģΪøճ̫ˣԼȴԴһ֪ʲôҲ벻ʹࡣ
ҲܿΪʲôԼ벻ΪʲôԼʧˣΪʲôԼΪշֵŤԭ
һĽᶼ⿪ˣ˲ܸõһ
ոıŤҶйյıŤô˵أ˵ͨһ㣬ǶͣҪŰǳԴף
дԼ̹׵һ̣ԼûסĨһᣬۡ

ǽ
ʵҲҪβˡ
¼
ָġġ
⣬ƪԤУղأѣ
УҪ飬˵
ǣҪҵĻõԶ˳ֵԶ˳ֵġ
رƻûòƻûȰ׿ûҪѣԶ˳ֵȣУл㡣
ǽ


231 
һƬڡ
ͻȻһӰ, شOO@@, ·Ħ
šԷ۾û, ·˶ûƵ, ʶ֣һץ, ʲô
ˣǭZȼشϵĶȴûͣ, ҵֻ, ֱӹ, żһùԼ·ס
ô˯һ
ԷŹǷ, ۾, ˯»ûеõ㡣
ҵʱȥϰˡ
ǭZȼ·ƿӵһǣ´ҵԼЬ, Ȼʼӡ
Է۾Ŭ۾, ǭZȼڴԼıӰӳ
̧̧, ʱţ, ô磬ô˯һ
ԷôǭZȼȥܶˣΪǭZȼЩ̫æˣÿ춼˯úټϵӰ, ԷûúϢÿ̫Ļ塣
ȥϴȻԸ緹˾ͲˡǭZȼֲһ֮ǰϵĹʧرڷܡ
ÿȥ˾磬°뿪ñȽȻǰѹֱӴؼ
췽ΪҪȥˣǭZȼͼװʵ͵͵ÿæͷϵĹǱ뵽Էķ䣬굽ı棬ռߵһλá
տʼûֻϸŮһԷʱӶ²˵ǭZȼĴ϶ˣʱһ㶣ȻʶؾȥעǭZȼԷķӦ
װʲô֪ӡ
Ҳ˸˾Ųʮˣ䲻ڼ棬Ҳղĵ֪ˡ
Ҳˣ˯ɡǭZȼͷԷĶͷ漴뿪صԼķȥϴϾԷķĻᳳ

ԷסǭZȼ֡
ţ
ֻǶؿǭZȼ˵ҲһµĽ㣬ֻǳĽĿǭZȼϡ
ô
ߡ
ԷʶҪԼߡ
һ̣Īһ˿̷ֱ
źߣǭZȼתӣ߻صԷߣڴߣ᲻ô
š
ԷѵôʵӱһֻҲֻһ§ǭZȼĲӣߣòá
ǭZȼƿӵһ̣ӷ϶룬⣬Է㣬ʶѾһˡ
ǭZȼȥıӰֻǸһԼķȥϴȻȥ˾ϰѣɽ𡭡ȴͬ졣
ÿĲᣬġ
֡Լµĸо

Էһͻת׾پǣġ
ǭZȼÿԷߵ˿˿һֵֻʳָԷľ䡣
Ĵľ
˫ϵᴥĲӣתΪĦֱߴǳǳصš
Է֪ǭZȼҪʲôƵģ˳ӵر۾ǭZȼġ񡱡
ǭZȼ壭⣬ᣭţϸƺܹܵϼӿٶȵ
ЦЦݿϵļݼϸϸĥţҧţϸĲӣһ·£˳ſҧԷǰ
ԷصĺѾճȭ˫֣ڰʾţԽᷢڴ
ɾʱǭZȼĴȴ뿪塣
ԭѾ飭壬ͻȻ֮ʧȥǷȣԷ㲻ֵŤϢȵſͣСZ㡭
ȻǭZȼȴ˿ûи˵ȥĻᣬӦѸٵغסĴ֮ʱ壭⣭׾ٵشģ飭֮У񾭡
Է㱻ǭZȼǣеעȫȫͶ뵽֮УҲͬ壭ͷһûһ˿϶˭ԸŹ˭
ǭZȼֲ֪ʱ˳Էļ磬ԷǰԷ̵װɫӡ֮¡
ָĽ⿪˯µĵڶŦۣ£һֻֽʵʵסǰģᣭ漴΢΢еȡ
š񡭡ˡ
š
ԷƺûϵǭZȼⷬһ飬̲סȫһ£ᣬǭZȼǵøѾԷĺ
ǣ⻹
룬ҡ
뿴Է㱻Ūҵӡ
ǭZȼסԷ㣭ᣭֻ֣ǰģᣭɸֲͬ״

š
ԷѾ޷ܣԽԽϡҪ޷ˣǰĸоȴץ

Ըҡ
ǭZȼôţָһѾͦߣʣŵģ죭ָģ䣬صһ˳ʱķʼꡣ
ߣϻصԷѹֲסģ
ԷоԼʶѾʼ룬һ޷ݵĿм֮У˳ѪҺӿͷ˫ʶĴҸţǭZȼĺԣر§סûʶĽԼϵؼǡ
ģ飭ѾൽҪһƺѾԤףһ˳ϯһͻٽ㣬еĿֶΪԷһ䡣
šš
Ժ֮һƬհףԷʶ֪Ʈɢںδ˿ǭZȼѾſĴڴڵĺţȴֻΪȱ֮γɵһʶΪ
ס˫ȣŤŤ壬ȫֻ̱ڴϡ
ֻѡȥһôǭZȼյԷĶߣЦһ㡣

Էֻɣûа취ܺõĻӦǭZȼⷬ٩
û뵽ҵӰô󰡡
ԷȻûа취شʲô߳ģ֪ǭZȼ˼ָʲô֮˫ĿסԼ۾ʵڲԸϣǭZȼָ֮£徿жС
𡣡
ǭZȼرҪ׷ԷΡ

Էתϱ죬ǭZȼԸش⡣
˵˼ǡǭZȼվֳŵԷձߣȫԼĿƷΧ֮ڣһûô
㡭
ţǭZȼü
Է֮£ֻûشΪǭZȼصֿ֣ʼϺҵĸֱ
δƽϢһŷȼյĻ磬ǭZȼֻҪ΢òһ£ͱػԭ
˰ɡ
šǺءǭZȼѹ壬Է۶۱ǶԱǣȻҾáҲû⣬ϰɡ

ֻǡҺ⡣
ʲô

ǭZȼԷ䣬һ̣ˡ
յĶߣ˵û뵽һϡСģ磭¡ôߡ֪Ժܲܺء
㡪
Է޲Ҹȥʵ̾ͷֱסǭZȼĻһֻըëСèƵҧǭZȼĲӣƵؿԼϷŪǭZȼǡˣ
ǻϲ
ߡ
ԷûлشȴЦˡ
ţһᣬ˲ò뿪ʱǭZȼĸԷ㽻ȥ˾ϰˡ
ԷҲܹ⣬ڰֶСģǭZȼ뿪һ룬Ϯ۾˯ˡ
˹˾ʱǭZȼһʱ䣬ͻȻЩôˣһʼʵʵڴϺԷ㡰ˡء
㲻㡣
ǭZȼ߽ݣϧʱ򣬾ڵӭ濴񣬵ҲûˣǸŮҲûбܻ䣬ԹԵغһ֡
ş̌ͷӭ崺ǭZȼͷԺһ㶡


к֮󣬵һĬ
Ů࿴ŶԷԡ
ǭZȼشֿͱġ
ȡɿ˼ͷһߣ̫õҲίظǭZȼ˵
มǭZȼľȻĵͷ
ΪڼҪעԷ֮Ľߺ̶ܳȣٱڷǰ̫ˡ

رĿǭZȼһۣ漴¶һɸֵı顣

ǡͻȻһɺͳָǭZȼ˵迴ǵ٣㣭ɣ
ǭZȼãȻˣΪʲô
Ȼ֮仹϶ԼͦɵİΪʲô˵
һſҲϣ
ʱݡһˣһ䣬УļЧͽҲȫ۵ˣϰʱݲ
˵ԺǭZȼ쳣ȡ
ӰóЯĻױһ־ǵĵطһǳغӡ
ءһԷϵġ˰ɡ
ǭZȼѳĿҲˣܰǿšʵĲݮʱˡ
ȥȥ칫ҵ·ϣҲһ𾪣һϾ֪һŮľܡ
ǲ£ɵǸˣһ֪ô£ҲΪ񲻵òԼҵĴŮĿ࿴
û뵽ƽֱͿơСްģĴŮԷ㣬ȻҲ񡰺족һ档
һǱǭZȼģ
ֲºСŮ
ôţǭZȼ˰˰ٱ顣
ǭZȼصԼİ칫ңһ·϶ĵģԼһ˿ǿݮ

ʧߡ
̾һʼ
֪˶ã⴫ɧڰ칫ǭZȼŵˡ
üվ˳ȥô¡
˵ϴ¥ſڣھۼһź¡˵
ʲôǭZȼԣԭôΪʲôҪ£
ʱ
߹ʺ͹زһȥˡ
ǭZȼϸһָü䣬˵ȥ
ǡ
ǭZȼû˵ͼҴҵ߽ݣϵϴ¥ſڵʱոزͬڸźһЩ˽ʲô
߹ȥ˽Ҳ֪˭Ⱥкһ䣬
漴˵߶ۼϡ

ǭZȼһĪ
ЩźĹǣȴֱ߹滹ڲϵظʲôʲôһͱΧסˡ
ʧȥʶǰֻǵöһֺԼں֡
ܼܼ࣬࡭
Ҳ˵˱𣡡
ܼʱܼͼæ˵ˡ׷ʱЩ˾Ѿ
СȼСȼ
лҪ˵
ǡ

߽β


232 
š
Է֮۾, ΢΢Ӵ͸һ˿
ڴ, ô˺һʱ, ôԻָѡ
Է, ԴϷֱֱţ˸, һĸоʹ
ǭZȼ뿪֮ǰ飬ǣ飭󣭵ĸо, ŻΪЩֻһΣɡ
뵽, ԷͻȻЩ˼, ĳ˳죬Լ˶ȥ
Ǹʱû˯𡭡
ȻĻôǭZȼ˵ֻҪԼʲô, ؼ֮󻹸һ, ôʲôԵԼر𣭣ô
Էһ˺˼ԼһŻȻһ, ܵǰһ˿⡣
ͷһŷ, Լǰ˯´󿪡ԾϸǭZȼһ, һ졣
ǹְ, Ǹһ
ǡ
Ȼ˵ǭZȼǸĻǺܸˡ
ԷԺԼʰһ˳ϴ˸裬Ͼʲô֮󡭡ճĸо̫, һϴ衭Է㵹ע⵽ˣǭZȼµȥ찡ĲкüӡӣڣΪǭZȼõطôУ̫ɢˣûа취ԡ߳վ¹ǰ㿼ʮ֮ãųһ˿ԼΧϡ
ǣڼô룬ôô֡
Υ͸УԷȥ˿㿴˷Ѿڿɳˡ
վ¥ݿһ㶡
衣
ԣ̧ۿһԷ㣬ĿⱻΧڲϵ˿۾û˵ʲôš
裬ʲôʱģԷߵ
ջûá
˷ɻʹӻϻ绹ݼٰ죬һʹطȥϢһµģߵշİˣű㲻붯ˣе
˼Сʱķɻ˰ɡԷɳվɣ
ߵ˫Լļš
ûоֻܾǱ۾ŮТ˳
˺һſ˵ǲл˵
ЩϾûиŮôúõ˵ʱǳһЩĸŮ֮ѺΡ
ϧǣЧ΢
Ҳûٸ߷磬οȰͬ⣬ֻĥԼҪ̫ţǼ⡣
ôܿÿأ
ŮȻƤӵ̸ôܵ˰
ûаԷͷס䣬ֻǼ򵥵򻺽һƣͶѣǰҲ
ǰʶظʡ
ǺǺܾ֮ǰˡ
ЩֹԷǭZȼˮȣʵҲûкõȥֺγڶء

ԷĶ䲶׽˷߶Ļҧ´ԥһ˵緹ô
ûС
һ·ɻͻˣ۵ȫ붯ʱ緹ء
ҲûУҸһ԰ɡ
衭ᡭ
ſͣӦȻһڻû˵꣬Է˵
ȼȼҲһϰɡԷ˵ȥϵĻǵʱ䣬˳԰ѰְҲһϣǾϸҸһ԰ɣһһ𡣡

Է㻰˼һӦܾԷǾ䡰һһ𡱣ԥˡ
ڼңҸȼȼر㡣Է㿴һ˿ɶӰѾ˵ʵȼȼһֱôģر𲻺ã˵˵ɶûᡣ

ңڹϳһ⣬ְˡر𲻺ܣ˵״̬ҲôáаοһģǡûʲôЧ

΢΢ݣѹ֮ǰ°ؼҵʱ򣬶ûôǭZȼڼңڹ˾Ӱɡ
ԣˣһԶٷȼȼһܿĵġԷż̽ԡ𣬽һ˺úóԶٷɣ裿
ǰһˡ
ң첻ˡ
ʱѵȫ˶ڼңһڷϴʱҲֻгĬȫ̶ûʲôȫյڡ
á
һû̬ǿӲľܾ
Ǻãȥѳ
Է㿪ĵòˣЦžȥȡˡ
һϳԷڳǰǭZȼһ绰ҪǰԼһԷ
ûнӡ
״ָ˸绰û˽ӡ
šڿɣֻûԷ͵ȥɣֱ֮ȥǣû׼ǡ
š
ͷ
Է״˳ӣ˳˵̨
ȴ̨ﴫŲнʮʮ֣ϴ¥ſڷ˾ۼֹ̿¼ȺңһʮŮԺҽŮӾ˵ϵһ߹ܡ

ԷһЩԾ
˶Լͬؿ˶Էһۡ
Ҹȼȼ绰
ְô¡
ǭZȼûӵ绰ĵ绰ͨˡ
绰һͨһڱһ׷ʣô£˵˭ȼȼڸһ𣿡
ţ𼱣ȼȼû£ֻһСˣҽԺ
ʲôһͻˣļҽԺļ䲡
ҽԺ¥
ãϸСһ
ҵ绰Ժ󣬸ԷַĸŮһϹȥˡ
ҽԺԺ˴Ҵææؾȥ
Էһſڣһ۾ͿǭZȼһ·ʲôû˵ﵣĵòˣǭZȼʲô顣
ôˣԷ˭ûпֻǭZȼһˣĿ֮ȫǭZȼӰռˣֱ嵽ǭZȼǰַסǭZȼļ򣬡úõôˣ
С㣿
ˣʹʹԷ㲻ҺҰڶǭZȼ壬»˵ֹסԼǵ飬ֻһ˫۾Ĵƣôô˻չ˺ԼأЩ־ˣ㲻Ҫһȥ˿ôð
𼱣û¡ǭZȼ֪Էļ΢ЦŰοûʲô
ûʲôûʲôֻ˵ûʲôʲôʲô뷨ʱĻ𣿣ԷͻȻµʱװʲô鶼ûУЦҼװ㲻֮⣬㻹̹ʲô𣿡

ԷͷһʣǭZȼˡ
ûʲôĻҪô찡
лҪ˵
£


233 
Էͻһͷ, ǭZȼһʱ֮䲻֪ӦԲźá
ЩΡ
ֹվԱ, Ҳ˸Է󻺻ߵԼߵķ䡣
ղԷһ, ˵Ŀⶼϡ

㷢ʲô, ô죿

ǭZȼ¶ɫԷ, һҲ˵Ҳ֪Էô, ըҩƵ, һšֻǱرЦ, ŵͷ˴ĺ, ĬĬųĽ̵
ȼȼȷûʲô¶Ҳ˲ڲӲзչǿƵηΧ, ЦųԲҽѾˡ
ߵԱߣԶ˵˸ղŵķΧ, ˵ô£
֮ǰһĿĿ, һ֮ǰǸĿĹ׷ʿ顣ҲǸյ, ý, վԱ߼״е˽͵ΣҺ͹ز˸ڽн棬û뵽СȼҲˣڹ˾ſڵʱ, Щ˿˾Χ˹ȥСȼĹˤιȥˡ
ҽô˵ģô䵽׻ŮģĶдϡ
ֻ˵ˣڵϵʱֲˣ¡⻰ǭZȼԼ˵ģ΢һ±ɫס֡
𣿡
Է㲻ǭZȼ˵ģ㿴׷š
ûտһǭZȼȵ˼ȴûᣬҽԺ۲һ
Էû˵ֻ˫صǭZȼﺬż˿ŭ⡣

ͱˡ
סƽ
ôУǭZȼһȴˣô˵ҲǾҵֳ£ôҵð̯Ӹʰá
㻹ǺúϢɡҲȰʾҪǿ
û°ǭZȼ˦˦ֻűֻ֣һС˶ѣֲӰ쵽ңܣΪʲôҪ

ԵеΪѵӣʾǭZȼһϵı飬漴ûٽӻ
ҽҲ˵ˣҪԺ۲һ
ҽ˵ǡ顯ǡ롯ǭZȼüһֱôϲҽԺÿҽԺ洦ŵǹˮζͻͷʹ
رԷҲˮζǰԷһǭZȼ;Żŵģ޷
㻹ô
ԷѾûʲôˡ

ǭZȼû˵
飬Ѿûа취ˡı˿ЩʲôϴҾʹ㣬龿ûУ˵ȷû⡣ҽԺϴǼ̯ûʰɾµĺ󻼡
ҲҪΣ׽鰡
ǭZȼ˵ž׼ƿ´
Сȼսסҡͷ
ǭZȼס
һ룬ˡ
㱻ְˡûһ˿¶ȡ
Ŀ
ǹ˾ľ
ΪһߣҪϣʵϡѾˣǭZȼŮĻǭZȼͱ븺𵽵ס

ǭZȼҧû˵
Է״ĬĬظסļס֡
ڹϵ飬ڹ˾⣬Ҳãᣭ죭˵ʲôֻԷǭZȼһСȫ
ͺúϢɡתԷ˵ţȻˣãС㣬һչȼȼɡһع˾ȥˡ
šͷǾ˵ˣģһչ˺ġ
߰ɣһع˾ȥ
˵ͷҲص뿪ˡ
ޡá֮ǰǭZȼһο񣬵װôڣûúõؽһ顣
ȵֻʣ˵ʱ򣬷俴СŮ׻ûģ˵ֻ۲ۡ
ǭZȼֻҡͷ
俴ͷһʧģҲµ治ˣҡղŵ̸ƺΪԭεʱ䣬ϹȥҲһɡ
ǭZȼĬ˺һһԼ˵һ䣬Ҫؼҡ
ԡ
Է㲻ͬ⡣
ҡǭZȼͱͣοڣ˼ίԷ½ǣҲҽԺ
ҲϲҽԺ
꽿ֲһ䡣
ҽ˵ˣ顯Ժ۲졣Է͸һ㲻ݸĵ˼
衣ǭZȼ״֪ټԷ˵ȥҲûãֻתȡ
ЩûôúøԼ˵Ӷ̫ңη˺һû裬ˣȻôأΪҪĸ󱧱Ǹеģ̲סίֻǴװģһ£һڣȴ̲סһ˿ǻ衭ؼҡ

俴ǭZȼۿˣԼҲĺۡ
˵ԼŮôڿ˲ű֣Щݵݣ÷뵽һ죬ǭZȼκ۾ȴ־ǿĲãһҪԼԷĽϵ
Լκģһʱ֮䱻ŭͷԣһһ£һһƣصϡ
ܶΣ뵽ʱ඼Ǿۡ
һƴǭZȼϣֺγһµԼء
ǭZȼãؼҰɡ
ţǭZȼͷһתץס·
ŷЩ
ж÷û˵ˣ
ǭZȼ񶼼ǲˡ
Ȼ䶼˽ڣԷҲûټȥˣȥǭZȼҲǭZȼҲûôϣϵ·ǲŷԼ·ͷһǭZȼȥͣ漴ؼҡ
صԺǭZȼóĬֻ˵һ䣬Ϣһ¡㾶ԻȥԼķ䡣
״ҲţֱǭZȼһЩ嵭࣬һ㼦ǭZȼ
Է㱾æȴ˳
ʵܵǭZȼߵǭZȼǰ̧֣ȴûа취šҸ̫Ƶ̫롭ڵǭZȼҪԼĿռɡ
ǣԷֻĬĬǭZȼűߣһϥڵϣ°͸ϥϣôĬĬ
ҪȴֲҪǭZȼ֪һֱ߰
ȵ䰾࣬ԶŲʱ򣬿ıһ
ʵ˵ЩĪĵ׿ʼӡ
ǭZȼԷ֮ĸ飬һЩ޷⡣
ڹȥܶ۾Ҳ޷ߵҹһ˺ܶܶࡣ
ÿһԼƤӵ£ദģԼʱദġ
뵽ܻǸϣͬĿһеĳ
Ůӡôԣ
ο
ŮŮ
ǰԷ겻ᣬǭZȼſڵģ÷Īݡ
֮ǰҽԺԷǭZȼļʣǭZȼŵ飬Ŀ
֪һֱ֪ԷܹǭZȼûаĹģǲ˽֮ĸ顣
ǽ죬ƺز˲ͬ
ԷǭZȼĲͬ
ȥõĹ֮⣬ùϵһ֮⣬һĵΪİʱߺί
Է軹ҪǭZȼ
ǰ֪֮Ĺϵã֪ˡ֣ʽԴŶԷһһ𣬶÷áһеĳ㣬Ϊһ顱֡
Ů˺Ůˡ
ô
עԷ㣬˼Ŵ𰸡
лҪ˵



234 
ô
վ¥ݿںܾ, ϵһðཥȴ, Էȴʼղ
̾һ, ߵǭZȼķǰ, ûʲôı飬ֻǵͷԷ㡣
衣
ԷŻع, Լ֪ǭZȼſһ˴˶ãѹһ, Լ֪ԼղЩʲô
šıЩ, ֪Ӧθ, 鼱ֻ֮˵һҡȼȼ鲻, ǡ´ŵϢ, Ծ͡
Ծ͡΢΢ͷزһֱſڵԼ

Էͷûлش, ǽվһġ
˵һԷ, ҶûüԡҸհࡣԷ, һһɡ
šԷԹԵظڷ, лл衣
ţ漴Ų˽ȥ
衣ǭZȼûڴϢǰæµʲôȫֽ߰š
ôúϢ
Ų߽ˣſǭZȼϵЩʲô, ȫǸصļ
ԷǭZȼϵĶһߣڳλ÷²̡
谾࣬һ㡣
á
ǭZȼͷӦȥ룬ȴԷһ
ι㡣ԷָָǭZȼɫŵ֣ƺ˵ԺҲڳʶؿһ䣬ȼȼˣ̫㣬ԡ
һٽ֮Է㷴ִ˵ĸо
ԽԽڡ
š
䵹û˵ʲô
ǭZȼһֱעŷϵı飬ȴ޷϶Щʲôǿʲô
˿̵Ĳԡǳʲôأ
˵Լ岻̫ķϣʱ£
û䷴ԵԷģһЩ
룬Ҩһ࣬ŵԼߣشɢɢСĵһ¶ȣȷȵĲ֮󣬲ŷĵ͵ǭZȼͣ졣

ǭZȼоеŤȥԷ庢Ƶ֮⣬ڷע֮£ֻȫ̿Էİ࣬ҸԷӡ
ζôȴûпǰһĻƵģƺĸŮ֮ĽٴδԹζûзŶΣҪϢԵһȽϺá
ţܺáǭZȼŻᣬȻҪʹ佱һԼĳգķǳóԣҸоԳԺüأ
óԾͶԵ㡣
ķӦأǭZȼԷʲôֻ˵ʲôûʲôӦ
ְֽ˵Ļ㲻˰ɣ
ûС
ǭZȼشúܳʵûвˣӦ˵𲻸ˣòİɡ
㹤ϵ飬ٹʣְҲǡȻǭZȼ˵ûвˣڷ俴滹ǻЩʹģֻǡôԭ򡣡
׵ġ
ȳ԰ɡԷҨһ࣬͵ǭZȼߣȻڼϢ˵
š
ǭZȼֻ緹Ź˾飬ͱ͵ҽԺȥˣͶùˣֻЩķԼִ⣬˼ͿʼôˣжԣԷιһܿ˵ס
úϢ
ǭZȼˣԷһ㡣
ɣ衣Էӷ̣ճæڣһѾˣȥϢɣʰͺˡ

ֻעǭZȼԷ㣬ûж
šҸһȥɡԷ̣վڷߡ
û˵ֻԷվԼʱת⡣

ǭZȼһĻ뵽Ȼûô򵥣Ǻ߰
ŲĬĬڷԷ㣬ĬŲһԣȻղŷʲôû˵ƺѾ˵һУԷܹס
ΪףԲŸӲ֪Ӧôźá
֪ȼȼ
ǰ棬ͻȻðôһ

Է²׼˵ʲôԼֳĬ
Ϊĸ˵ԴҸеοһ̨׵ʱ򣬷ͣ˽Ųվ¥ݿڵĵطתԷ㣬ȼȼ˵һܺõĽ㣬˵ҲǺܹĵŮ
Ҷȼȼ
·ѾԤҪ˵ĻԷֹ˵ȥ
Ѿ㹻ˡ
ԣ֮ĹϵʺϡҲӦãٸһˡ
㵣ĵǱĻҲֿԷŲ̵֣΢΢˲̵ĲӣָҲΪָĹϵףǳˣֵʲôǰһҲǾϸǵģҺȼȼäĿϲ϶Էģҡ
ô֤أ˫ֱһȻڵʹȴø߸ߵģΪǴСһ𳤴Խ֮ĸ飬ΪϲкܶطصĸӰǶԱ˴֮䡮ϲжˡ
֤ʲôġҸ
һ㣬ҲǭZȼԷ㶼еͻɹĵط
Է㱾ô˵Ҫ֤Ļ
ҳϣҶĹҲãϲҲãǾΪõĸڵģһ޷ϡ
ǴСһ𳤴󣬱˴֮ܣԽĲֻͨĽãҲֻͨˣ֮飬Ҫӵöࡣ
ҸйԽ̶֮ܳȡ˵Է㽫ͷƳһߡ
Ͼô˵ĻһڰʾϷĸо
Ҹȷ˴֮ŶԶԷĸ飬Ͳ顣ҺҪʲô

ֻǶעԷ˫ۡ
أ֮ǰ龰һüͷͷֿʼʹˡ
ǶŮӣôţܹһߵ󡣡
㿼ǹ˻ô֮κһ˺ˣҪ˳θ˽Ļǵһʲô𣿡
֮κһ£ǿǹְĸ𣿡

귽ʣԷ֪˵Ǹǽⲻ
Ҹȼȼ
Ҳٸ顣
˿ԷκηĻᣬ˫ش࣬ˣҪȥϢһ¡
˵ԺԻԼ䡣
Է㿴ԼıӰ֪˵Щʲôá
Ҳܴš˵ʲôûˡ
Դ֪ĽԺ󣬾ϣܹƽ͵ĺú̸һ̸ǽϸղŷղ׳Щ⣬ֻƾ򵥵ؼ仰˵Ļ
£ܡ

Է̲ס̾һ
ʱǭZȼվվڶ¥ĽעŷıӰһ㣬ע
ղԷ뷽֮ĶԻˡ
һ㵽ʲôʱ򣿡
ͻȻԷ
㡭ǭZȼߵԷߣֺƵ˵ţô֪ڰ
ʲôҲ֪ģԷͷҲشʱ䣬ּ˵˵ˣҲԼȥĻѡԼô

Һܹ԰
ǭZȼһ䣬ȴʡ
ңҪԡԷ¶ѵı飬ԲԵġ
ҡаǭZȼתӣһĨײЦݣյԷĶߣС˵ҽϡСԡ

Է꣬һ˿ΣǺܿ͵顣
һ͵˹ȵס
ĵ˵һ䣬ֻʱҶ˵ʲô
ǰԷ̫ܰǭZȼӿ֪ǰϻʵܶ飬ףȴӲ̹ס
ż˿ʧ˵仰ԺԷǭZȼվԭأԼŲȥ˳
ǭZȼԷıӰظоԾ

ˣ
лҪ˵



235 
Ȼ˵ҪطϢ, ʵɵԺ, ȴַȥ˯š
һǳֵ״̬֮, Ѿ൱, ۾ҲҪˣǱ, ȴôҲ޷ú˯
ȫԷ֮ĶԻݣ֮⻹ԷǭZȼһദЩ, ϵԺ֮֡
뵽Ҫô, ܹ׵Ľ, ţ֪ʱ˯š
ȵѹʱ, Ѿ֪˶á
ע컨, һƬڡ
˳ͷùڴͷֻһ۲ŷѾ˵ˡ
漴˳ȥ
ˡ
ʱ, Ӷڳæ, ʺ, , ҪԵʲô𣿡
ɡʵûʲôθڣΪѵԵʣθûüӦֻΪ̫
ڿһܣСȼȼ, Թô
СͶС㶼ùˡӶ˿ʼ׼ԵĶ˵ûʲôθڣֻһͱˡ

꣬ûʲôӦֻǽʣأûУ
үѾˣ鷿˵ҪĹҪûµĻҪȥ
Թô
ûУү˵ûʲôθڡӶ˵ͷүʱʹʲôҸ˵ڷϢԺ˵ͷֱȥ鷿
֪ˡ̾һŶͷţɣһԶȥ鷿ͺˡ
ǡ
ڿɳϱĿʮӡ
ˣˡӶ˽õ棬׼õĲϣŶ˵ǰĲ輸ϰںá
ˣȥϢɡ
õġ
һ̣鷿ȥ
ߵſǰվţȴ鷿洫ĶԻ
˵ҶѾҲѸǩõĺͬҿվǰһѺɫɫļУ˼Ƭ̣ǽֵԭΪõǮˣûҵ
֧˵أԺԼලǸǩ֣ܳ⡣ǭZȼһ˼ǰ󣬻һʱ䣬ŰȥˣֻҪЩǿĻͻ鱾͸޹ء
˵ȷУǸǩֵļҲڣǽվڹ˾ſźЩûյǮô
Ϸļѱ߰ŪøҵһɫļԺ󣬵ݸǭZȼȻЩݣ͸ϳϹϵǱҲãҪҲãǶûʤߣϾǲռǽǵһоӰϵ

ǭZȼӹݹļԺѸٴӿʼĵطҲ˵ûҵˣҪˣǴͷˣ
ǭZȼһЦغеļһӣĶô򵥵顣
ҪǱٳֻôǸûɰϣһһʦҲǻ
ǭZȼ͸¶һ˿
˵ЩոҲȷôˡ鷳ǣϵѾˡ
ȻʵϣϲǹЩôһ֣һƱػϴõӰ죬ºϳͣҲؾ棬Ͼֻű⣬ֻ鷢ʱ򣬵ȵĽˣδػһֱע
ԡұ뱻ְ𡣡
⣬Ҫ˳еΣϲȫǹһ鷢ԴͷǭZȼ֣Ŀǰ⣬Ҫ˳е
ҪԹ˾ڲнü˽ԭίԺѾǭZȼûжΣȴȷȷʵʵĸ˾Ӱ죬ȥĿ˵ϣǩֵ㣬Ҳ㡣
ס
ǭZȼ֪ԼҰְֵ˼
ǽҪĿľǭZȼں˵˵ܹع˾أԴΪص˾Σ
㣿
ҪӮع˾ð취ǾôתƶעǵҰŵһµϡǭZȼһֱļݸ񣬡µļƻ顣
һ춼Լڷ棬Ūԭί֮⣬Ҳ˼µķ
ǲǡʽ棬Ӧú˾ڵʽԽ¿ٵĿһǭZȼⶨõļƻ飬ִȶҲ㣬ҪĵطȴЩѣǾʽ档
򵥡ǭZȼ΢΢һЦӿڴóֽʣдһ֣ǩԼ֣ҿԳеΣΪ˾ɵľʧҲһĻ˾ڲû˻˰ɣ
д֧ƱǩԼֵ֧Ʊ֧Ʊ˺쵽ǰ
֪ûôǮһ֧Ʊϵ֣̲סЦˣСŮˣôͷ֧Ʊû塣
Ȼô˵ǣʽȱٵĲ֣Լ˽˻ͷϣô˵ҲԼŮҪְһµ
ְΪдź𣿡ǭZȼԴϵıȴȫڿЦҪȷһǲģȥо֪ˡ

ڲ䣬ü΢۾ǭZȼƺòضԴ˵Ļ˵ģĶģ
֮ǺϷ;Լ׬ġǭZȼûϸ˵ԭ

ֻǶŴ˿վǰСŮþû˵
ʵ뿪ϡʵ˵ְ֣˵Ե̫ˣҾáҲ㹻ʽ𣬿Լ¯û뿪ԭΪʼŮ۷ʲôһǲıģһ죬ҵýϡǭZȼ˵úֱףʵûб˼ֻЩԼ˼ԺóĽۣԣҲ˷ʱ·

һֱ֪ǭZȼ㣬ЩǭZȼСʱѧУĳɼܹûʵҲˣʵܶʱ񶼲òϣĵ棬ڽǭZȼһӡ
һӦԼĽ̵ҪԼĺӡ
ְֺ֪趼һͬҸСһ顣ԡǭZȼЦҡҡͷѵóʵһΣӦ˵ǣǵĵһӦǷԺܹԤĽ
أ
ʻ
ζӳµˣȴվķ䡣
ȻҶĽֺ֪αôǿȥأ
ԡҺ׼Щˡ
Щ֧Ʊϵ֣Ծ
һ̣Ժ֮ܶʣЩЩ
Ǯ
Ǯ֮أ
ǭZȼɳʲôزǴʲôʱʼɳģģ
ʹңСʲôʱʼġǭZȼĿתͷůɫĵƹ﷢ɢ֪֮УˡҺܾúܾǰϲˣԺܶ飬סǵķǱȻҪСһĻһóܹ֮Ķ
ҲЩǸı뷨ͬҸ顣١ǵķԣϡǱ˴˶ѹ֮⣬޷ٴķӰ쵽ǡ
ֻиϵ飬ǭZȼɿصģɳ˸ϵ飬Ŭ׼ء
С˵ʱְ֤ҸԱ˴֮ĸ鶼ģǲ档ǭZȼ͸ֿ
עСŮ˫ۣ濴ͬͯһγ
Ҳðְֺ֪ҵġ
äĿԷһҲǲδֻǰҿֵˡ
Ҳ䲻׵رЩı뷨Ŀǰ˵ԼĸǸȽϺõͻƿڣǭZȼԼĸףĸ飬棬һӣһˡ
һڣͬŮ˵Ůˡ
ЩǿеɷǳɡǭZȼذ鶼̨ǡôԣֹҸСమ顣
˵ԺǭZȼ΢΢һЦ漴ת뿪
ڴŵһ˲䣬Ϊ𾪵Ĺϵͫ
վſڡ


236 
Ķ, ̫ͻȻ
ǭZȼǺԤ׵ؽŴ, ֺ׼ءϵı, ۵ס
ڿվſڵķһ, Ժ֮зٵܶͷ
ʲôʱģ
ղԼ鷿׵ĶԻ˶٣
Լ뷨, Ժֻô룿
ǲǺ
ղԼ˵ǲ̫أֻ
ǭZȼľȻվԭ, Űѵֻץ, ΪڽŵԵ, ץסصָ΢΢ᡭ
Ҫ˵Щʲô, ȴôҲһ
˫ԾɶŲ, ϰڷҲðŰɫĿתؿǭZȼʲôû˵
ǭZȼ䶥ࡰ񡱵ֱ, һͻȻԼҪʲôƵģ˶ԭء
ǭZȼıӰ, ԱһƲ, ׾ٵƼվſڵķ䡣
ҲŽ, ֪ղԼŮĶԻԼž˶٣ɷϵı̫Ҳ²
ô졭
ǭZȼĴԿʼ˼ţӦôӦǰ档
ղŶ˵һԼʵ뷨, ڵ˷ǰĻƺԵԼľĲС
ԴԷ̬֮ȾͲôʣԼٲȡر̬ȵĻ
衭衭ǭZȼĿغŷ䣬ȻҪ˵Է䣬עӷ۾ʱ򣬻ʶԱһƳ
ţˣ
ղ̫ԣæߵűߣǭZȼһ߶ò׳Ϣչȼȼˡ˯ú𣿡
ԡ
俴վһԴŵǭZȼ漴ŴһֱĲ̵ݵǰ֪һؼҾ鷿æˣӶ棬Ҳöˣһ԰ɡ
ðһЦӷụ̀ԼűŲŲλã÷㷽߽
㡭ǡ̬ȴݶһƺȫȻûǭZȼ֮Իӣ̸깫𣿡
ˣѾˡû¶С顣
Ǿͺá
˵ͷ
ǭZȼĬĬվһߣûô
ʸ𣬿ӶǭZȼñɡ
Զвһװ˯ˡ
ǭZȼΪ÷䲻Ϊ·ΪӶ
һѾɷ췢󣬾ҲûгֹʲôϵĲ
ǭZȼҲ֪ԼǸʲôӲ֪ڷġ޲Ӧøе˻ѹ
Ǹ衭Һ͡ǭZȼǾһ¡
ȼȼͱﵱˡ
ǭZȼҪ˵ȥĻתʹ˸ɫʾϽߣҸ衣
ǡ
ˣ˾Ѿˣ뷨ҲˡǭZȼƫƫԴȥϢɡ

ǭZȼûлش𣬶ȿһԼ裬оȫû֮ܵԻӰ죬Լ˵ʱ򣬶ûԼ߶࿴һۡ
ǭZȼֻε̾һðɡ
ǡ裬Ϣ
ԺǭZȼ鷿Ų뿪
ȷǭZȼߵԺߵߣſѾļɫˣذڷŵһԣһЦ鷳ˣš
԰ɡ
û˵ʲôֻ
ԱߣӸһ
ڼֻܹʱڡעŷĲɤӣȡ
ôˣ

ţ㡭ʲôʱѹģûʳڡ
ʮǰƺµʲô
ʮķˣĬ֮仹еġ
㡭˶٣
ʲô
ţָ֪ʲôҲȦˣŮ֮飬ǷûгĹ
֪ʱûΪԼҲ֮УȻǭZȼϲŮ飬֮ǰѾǭZȼ̬ԼزһЩ֪ǭZȼϲĶȻԷʱǾþûл
һΪ֪ʱǭZȼԷѾһˣҲ˵ǭZȼǵá
Ϊ񼸺Ҫ˼ܹ֪жô顣
ǭZȼϲһŮӣҲô˵Ҳڵŭĵز
ƫƫһԷ㣬ͬΪŮӲ˵ǽáټԷĸ顣
֪һ̣ѹòˣȻĵһӦҲǷԣŮ˽ġʵûסΪŮһѺ
Ҵˣ
佫еĿӡžһϣӿ񣬿Ϊѹ鷿֮УĻзŷŭ
֪һŮ֮⡣
ôķ޸飬ÿͬ£ԼоôԼ¡Ҳضܹ
ôЩ죬ûʹȴڶԴŮżļ䣬ټϡղվһԻЩѾ˵Ѿ֪ȥˡ
Ҳ˼
ҲеĿӷ£ַסԼŵļϣܹסԼôģô᲻ءҵţﲻ֣ΪɷҲΪŽЩ㲻ֵ顣
Ž⣿ôŽ⣿㲻Ѿڰ˵ô˫ֱֱض
Сȼȼ֮飬Ҵû˵ͬ⡣
Ҳ˵㲻ԆĻ֮У׵ز׽ôϢ
˵ԡֻǣϣܹƽ͵ֶ顣̫ǿƵ̬ȣΪǴʲôôôʼձ侲ԽǼֻӾԽԽԶѡЩӣҶ֡һһúųԷӣһֶֻùϳԷʱ˭Ǵĵ˵أ

һԶԡ
˵Ҫʲôʽ⣿̾һǻ
㻹ڽ⡭Сĸ飬𣿡ס֣̽ʵ

ûлشֻǰͷƲһߣĬĿ
ʵ˵ʵʼҲµȼȼпϲŮӵʱҵĵһӦǷԣûԭķԣֱҵʱҲʱ뵽ܶ෴˵ǡ
еʱ򣬶һķԣʶģһ̱֮еңŭţɣǲԸܣЩһȥ侲磭ģжһ顣
ǰʱ룬ǼС泤ģȻС㲻ģȼȼû𡣡
΢΢һЦ۾ƳϵϣתķֱƬ棬ˣһĿڡ
ǸˣҺԴ˵ж෽㣬ûʱҾڵģǽܵίܻ롭ĳһ죬ҪǰСӴؼһҪúõһҵŮί
뷨
ԣȼȼϲŮʱҾͦЦģһŮҪôѹأͻôС֪ʲôϲô֪ʲôǰôûıʲôûеĻվҵǰ˵Щôҵʱ͸˵עִ硣
ɿסֻֻ֣һĴָĲᴥƬǭZȼЦݣɽ졭еĹˡ

ü
̧ͷϷ۾Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼȼȼȻҺ޲֮£ɳҴûĵزղšҸȼȼ˵ĻӦҲ˰ɣ롭Ѿûа취һӺӵĿ⣬ȥҵСŮˡȷѾΪһԳΪ졯ĳˡ
֧Ʊϵ֣Ҳδܹ˵ʲô
ǭZȼôĶȴ񲻵òȥ¿ǭZȼ
ΪǸ֧ƱдµֶŬСΪѾ˵ǭZȼԼԷ֮ĸ飬äӵģҲΪһʱǴΪǾǰһģȷȷʵʵľԼ˼ǣµľΪ֮Ŭ
ǭZȼǹԷ֮δ
ͬǭZȼ˵ģ֧ƱϵЩǸʱԼˣܹ϶֮ĸһ֮⣬Ѿûа취
ò˵ͬСһ°ɣ
һû˵ءЦЦ˵Сܾ׵ʱҵĹ±Ҫô죬ͨʱ־ԼЦһӲ飬ǼҲһӣҡҪСǺһһĽˣ˵ҵСܲĸҸء
ôҲ䷴ʵǲҸôȻǿԣСΪʲôУ
˵еǡСĸҸ𡣡
ԭԺҸûֱ⣬ǲȡ˻ر̬ܵȡ
СĸǸŮ֮󣬲ҲôǡҸôΪ飬ܵ˻ҸôҲǱβ
˵ô࣬ϧСҪ˵ˣ˵ô࣬ڰŮǱ˵ô
ûа˵ϣסԼŵֱ֣ڣҲûб̬˵ͬһˣĵǲûеģҶ
˵ô࣬ʲôûصôڵŮ˵͡
˵ôǲܴ˭ؼң׵ġġǣվһǶȥ飬ӣչȼȼСĻһǰٷ֮ٵķģΪܱҸ㣬ȼȼҪĵöࡣ
ֱԼŵ˫ۣ˵ȼȼ˵ղҸĶԻ˵ĻôǭZȼд֧Ʊݸ˷䡣
ҽԺҲˣСǰȼȼһ׶԰СվʦǰѵһС˵ʲôȼȼһ䷴ҡ֪֪ס
ԣҾҪȥ𣿱˻ô֮Ĺϵ
˵ȥ˭֪˭˵һҪѸˣ

ÿǸղųԵ̫ˣҲ̫ͷûмʱ¶ǣθ淭ţûúõ˵Ļ
ݹ֧ƱǭZȼ˵Ļ·Ķߡ
ô᲻أΪףŸԽܣŸӵġ֪ôźá
Ҳ֪Ҫô飬ʵֵȷǭZȼ˵ôҶѹ֮⣬޷ǭZȼԷ֮ĸʲôӰ졣
ӰĻǼĸʱһѾѹѡˡ
֪һ㣬ŸӾѰ졣
ǵĸ顭ġ
ûа˵˼ֻǰĿǰʵڳŵǰָסԼŵһֱԣȻֿҲضж֡Ҳһֱͬ⣬ôϲԷҲĿŵǰܡ
⻰˵ģǵָôΪҵķԣŮ֣
ü۾Ѿŭ𣬿ġȴʼ˼ŹԼϹ뷨
ҵ˼ǣʼСȼȼ衣̲סɪɪðΣռ˵뿴Сһֱסڼ棬Ϊ㣬Żסôȫȼȼһס棬Դ㿹⣬һҪһľģͱ˴֮СŮûôô
ˣ˵ˡұˣԼʰɡ
˵ףڸŮ˵ûȰһЩô
ǳͷνġŽ⡱͡ƽ͵ֶˡ
˦֣䡱һվӸµĶ˵һ˯鷿ɡ롮һˡϢ

˵Ժ󣬷ͷҲصߵˣ鷿ŵıعˡ
Լ뿪ıӰĬĬᡣ
ΪŮǲġ
лҪ˵

Ȼδػͬ⣬ǻĸı뷨ġ
ϾȽУټʷ⡭
ǰְ֪뷨ˣһǶȥ迪⣬ա
ʵǰְҲһͬ⣬ֻ˵еЭ˼ҲǴЭת˼ά뿪˰ɡ
ΪǰְǸŮأԴĳ˵Ůһ𡭡ĹЦġ
ǰְֵȷôһ뷨ȻҲΪòЭ֮ôοԼɣȻôһ֮󣬷ﻹ̹һЩˡ
β



237 
ιι, ǿ
ʲôʲô
Ǳ߰
ܼˣ
ܼ࣡
԰, ǶմӰ칫߳ء
ڲǲŸյϰʱ, ʲôʱİ
ͦˡ
ǭZȼӰ칫߳, ͬѾ½½һЩС۾ն, ·ǵİ칫λʱҲʼպƢıЦݡ
Ϻá
ܼ簡
ܼϺá
ܼ硣
ǭZȼҲЦʺ, 硣
ЩĿɿڴھ֮еͬ΢΢, 漴ߵˮ, ˮԷһΣ磭ֽĵطȡһ, һˮ
ߵ̫, ҲûǵðԼˮϡ
ǭZȼеⱭˮһԼһ, һߵӣȥ
ûеϰʱ, ΢еʱ, Լ˼ſһ¡
Ȼ֮ǰķ, ڼ˼죬ȵֲ˱¼ҲƽϢԺ׼»ص˾
ǭZȼҲܹԼҸ׵ˣֻ⼸ûô, е㲻ϰˣһͷ·ѪƵģ޲Ҫڼ˼ȫڽľ
ĵ˹˾ʱ򣬿¥һˣŵҰɫİ칫ңǭZȼȴЩ㱡
һ̣һֺԼһ˴һռĸоΧ̫ˣһ˶ûУǺ½ͬ˾ǭZȼоܻ뵽һԼԿƵ֮С
ôţǭZȼͽʼ˼еֽҲʶ±Աƽ״ˮΪֽĿռ⵽˼ѹԵʣˮλҪ
ˮ⴫Ųᡣ
˾ĵߵǭZȼס˺յǭZȼĶߣһι

ǭZȼȫȻûע⵽˿ͻĺŵһᣬϻȥˤϣȻӹĴשܽӴϵ·ȴûôˡ
ǭZȼеװˮֽΪܵ˾ţʶɿֽˮһΪбĿϣһֻһ˵ϡ
ʲôأô񡣡մСװڴóֽݸǭZȼɡ
ΪͻȻңǭZȼϽӹֽʼͷԼѾʪĿӡ
Ǻ㣬һϰ࣬ɳİɣһô񣬸ʲôأǡܡࡪߵһߵĹ̨ϣóһմɱӣʼͷԼſȡ

ǭZȼԡ
𣿡սȱǭZȼһ
ǭZȼſͣʶؾøոҲһ漴뵽ʲôֻúһ˰֣˲ˣˡ
Ҳ䣿Щ̿ѱӴӿȻŵߣشɢƮڱڵбڹ̨ߣǭZȼڵķ򣬡ǰǿȿôûпȿô
ǰǰ
ǭZȼ̲סƲƲ죬ȣӲѵʱҪһȼȸԼ񰡡
ӣһҪİɣյͷһڿȣе̣̲סͷ
ǡ
ҲͦõģڼϢ˼죬ϵɫÿˡ̧ͷһǭZȼо˲٣Ѫɫˡ
֮ǱǰЩӺöˣǰǭZȼǸµӣֱû
֪˻Ϊ˭ôأǶʱо˶ġ
⻰˵ģǰˣǹ𡭡ǭZȼڸյ²ؿš
ʵһ

ϣ뿪鷿ԺǭZȼֱӻԼȥϢģǾԷķʱ̲סš
ԷԷʱ򣬻߼ලι֮⣬ʱ϶ô˵ˡ
ǭZȼܹԵظо֮ձÿſ˵ЩʲôʱԷͻƵģ߼ϣǭZȼԷĿԺ󣬾Ͱ˵Ļȫ˻ȥֻóԷɵЦ
Է֮ǰ˵ĻٽҽԺʱԼһͷġǭZȼܹȷȷ˵ġ
ˡǭZȼҧŴӲͷƤԷ㷿š

ûлӦ
ˡ
ĵؼá

ɻûзӦ
ǭZȼе㰴಻סˣƵĳ˳ܣûʲôڣԼ˷ţƿһСηηĽԴ̽룬Էһ˿ڴͷŶڿ治֪ʲôݵ־
ǭZȼš
Է㳯űߵһ񣬵һ̽ͷ̽ԵǭZȼû˵Ȼ־

ǭZȼεЦЦšԷⲻ𡭡ﲻ
ԷҲʲôӦǭZȼֻԼƿ˽ȥȻѱź棬˳ֽһء
Է۽ǵƳǭZȼһΪȨûп
ٺ١
ǭZȼЦС鲽ߵߣڽϵЬԱһӣ˾ȥˡ
ڿʲô
ǭZȼֺðĴյԷȥ뿴Էŵʲôʱ˭֪ԷͻȻžһͰ־ˡ

ǭZȼԾɱЦݣȡԷһ߶Ķʲô裬ѶԼʱȴ֡û
ѹûڷŸ衣
ûȻؿԷ㡣
صˡ
ԷְԼһ߶ϵĶȡͬʱ˳ְѣᣭϣֻڴߣȻ壬ǭZȼıӰдš
𲻸
ǭZȼִԷҸ£ı§ס־ߣĸ°͸ԷļϣʹյԷĶߣżѹ˵֪ˣԺһᾡԼ˵ģ

ԷһûзӦҲûǭZȼ§ס֣ƳǭZȼ§֣Űɫıе㵣ġԼŪʹֻ÷Լ֡
ûʲôֻǲֶѡ㿴ǭZȼ˵ţѲű־ٵԷǰݸΪ֤Լûʲô飬ǹҡԼ֣һⶼû

ԷһץסǭZȼ֡
û°Ҫҡ
ԷסԼֵһ̣ǭZȼͷһů§øͷľ䣬ľ㣬ΪԷζܹİ
ʲôʱ򣬸˵£Է㿴űԼץסǭZȼ֣˼ʼɢе
ţ

Է̾һסǭZȼ֣ԼĻظǭZȼűֻ֣һãһ־ͻһƵģңʹ𡣡
һ죬ǭZȼӣԷǰʹ࣬ǭZȼ߹
ԷԼۿĻ¶޷ǭZȼʹൽǸز
ٽģ񡭡ԷĻǻۣᷢ࡭õڴţڸţ۵ĸоȴʼձʣӲľ֡

ǭZȼ΢΢һ㶣û˵
ܵ۵ʱ򣬻𡣡Է㿿ڴͷɢֻ˵û£ܺãûʲôҲҪġ

ǭZȼͻȻԷģҪղ¥ݿʱƺڲͷйڱжʧ䡣
ֻǡ
ǭZȼҪ˵ʲôɻһͷȴûٽȥ
˵ףǲԸԷ㵣ģ˵˵ȥҲֻһ仰
˵ܹԣǡҲҪܹ԰ԷǭZȼ§ס֣΢΢Ļת壬ǰԲԣ𡣡
Σ磬Բ֣뿴ġʵǸ㣬һζǰǿ㡣
ԡ
ǭZȼת飬յԷǰҵˣͿ𡣡

Է̲סһͷǭZȼԴȥ
ʲôʱˣǭZȼôܹЦ
ǡǭZȼ˵ĻԷȴǲˣΪʲôǭZȼ˵Ļܹ붮
ء
ǭZȼʶסԷĵطίƲ죬˵
뵽ȥ˰ںĸ˵鰡ԷԼһҪססҪסˣЦ
ǡ뵽ȥˡ
ǭZȼͷȥԷ۾ȴСš
˵ʲôԷ͸¶һ˿Σա
û
ǭZȼû޵̾һҲЦˡ
𡣡
ҿ԰Ҳһ棬ȫչֳ𣬲ѹҲе
ҲԵĻ𣬻𣬻ΪҲԡܵѹʹ𡣡
ǭZȼֻǲԸԷһѹ
ֻҪʵ㣬ҶϲġԷȥǭZȼĶӡһǡ
𡣡
ġ

ǭZȼе㶯ġ
Է˫֮ϣսԷǰ˿˼ޱȡ
ǭZȼԷ֣ԼķԷ˫ۣ˵ҴӦ㣬һʵ
лҪ˵
¡
һдеࡣ
оûдꡣ
һ¼ˡ
˵һ£һ֮չͷ̸֮ΪΪ˷Լʵ
ǰְѡΪͷ辭˺ܶ࣬ĽҲ֪
ΣǰְʵһʼҲͬģ뷨ϵת䣬߷֮Ҳ˼
ʵչһҲеԼĳɷ档
ұȽϲ̽ӲͬĽǶȥ顣
ʵڽǰְֵĻԼĿ
һ¼
а˵ôᡭ
ҽһ£֮ǰ˵ǡǰᣬǣµס
ڿӣҸоʵ巬ţǡ
ԷĻǸº̫࣬һºͲˡ
ĿǰĽȿ³ҿᡣ
ʼŬĵģȡһ㣬㿪ġ
š
ʲô뷨ӭ΢˽Ҳԣ˽ҶῴҲظġ


238 
ι
ǭZȼǰ˻Ρ
, ܼࡣ
ǭZȼ¾۽һ, еǰ, š˼, ˡ
ڻϣԷ㻰, ٽԷĸı仯ǶԼĹĸչˡ
, ԷӦ֪, һ״
ǲ˵Ļ, ҲڶԼʳܿصôϸ
Ǵʲôʱء
ʱ䣬ǭZȼѾ̫ǵ, Ҳ֪ԼǴʲôʱʼǱĬ֮з˷츲صı仯, ֻǵȵԼʱ򣬺ѾЩˡ
ϸ˵ĻǭZȼ֡ԴԼЩ伲ҽ, Ϊǰԭ൱ҽԺ, ʵжʱ䷢Լ̫, ȴǿ, ЩѹĵףװӶ
ֱоʼ޷Щʱ, ʱʱţоÿԽԽۣԶһֽ״̬֮£ʱãҲԲ£ֻܶȼԼ侲һЩ
˺ʱųһ㶫һ̲ס³ʱزأ硣
ǣǭZȼȥҽԺ
ѯ֮ȷԼ״ԭ
Ϊۻ̫࣬³θܵӰ졣
ǭZȼ֪ԷʲôʱģǴԷԴ̬Լ֮ǰżʮÿ͸ġ͡Է״һٶ
Ϊܹһ˽ģû뵽Ǳˡ
ǭZȼεҡҡͷҲתĹ̨ϡ
վԱߣ˵飬͸оĲԾÿ㲵ݣҲܹоǭZȼ֪ʱһǣû꣬ÿο񣬶ֻܹն
ǭZȼ̾ĻƺҲУĶʲô飬ܹءҪĵ飬ܻмһ죬ٰˡ
ҲҪѸ֮Ĺȥ󣬿ɽҲûȥô
ס
쿴㣬ʵһǰһĸоһͦĵġǭZȼļһִ˶С˵
ֿǭZȼסյ֣ƵһߣҡʲôС쿴Ҿãǰһÿ춼ǹ˵ġ
֪Ҫֶôдô̲ס˸ۣǭZȼǡһָԭ״Ժ󣬾⸱ģɫҪȾ
ֻ˵ʵѰǭZȼͷ
ҲòϣھԺľʼһֵı仯
Ȼеʱ򣬻ǻоǡǭZȼѾؿʼԼԼʾˣÿܵԼʱͻῪʼԼҰοԼõһЩӰ죬ϣܹԼصõתɡ
۶٣ҪԼС
Щԭ۶˭ǲȡտڲԵ̬ȣǲϣκ˵ĸرչˣڡȻԷѾ֪ˣôζҪԼתУԷΪġ
֮⣬ҲΪǭZȼԼĸ̫࣬ҲӰ쵽Է㣬ԷԼֵĻǲΥһʼԷıô
ԡ
ǭZȼһÿܵһЩѹʱ򣬶ʶԼĴһЩȻ󲻶ϵضԼе
šġ
ҲãǸĸԷ֮谭Ҳá
ġ
˵㡭
ǭZȼ뿪Ժһֱʸպôˡ
㻹𡣡
ðһֱܺá
ղ׸ô˵ҪôǺøأ
ԣߣͺܺˣ»ʲôѹ飬Ҳֵһᡣ
ǡ
ǭZȼգա
һˣúõһˡƵصͷһڿȡ
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š֮˺ܶɣ˵տűﵴĺɫȣףһȣתӽϴఢ̶̹ϴЩ
ֳڹ̨棬˵ĻĿⲻԾ΢΢¿ʼ
͡
ǭZȼĿŸգ̲סЦ
Цʲô
ƫͷؿ
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šյ˵ͷŪ˹ȥ飬Ȼû֮ǰĹܼңұȽϳӣ֪Ժ͹ҵǸ˵úܱǸ
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ǡǲסǭZȼرŤ
Щ֮Աǣʵ˵ǱȽϼǳģ¶ҪǷϣǿɲǼǸܹģǸƢãôԴ˻Цԭ¡
ƲƲͣǭZȼ֪˵ʲôҲǲܹ뷨ֻ˺ѡΪ¬ܼ֪飬൱һֶǴӺĸ֪ġ
Ϊ˱ʾǸ⣬չգѧѧҲ͵ģʵ˵ҲʡĲٰɣȻһʼҲû鷳ġ
տʼʱ򣬸ջƴһ¬ܼ˵ˣ¬ܼҲǸţƢΪ˱ʾԼǸ⣬˵һҪԼÿԽգѹҲ˳˶һЩʱ䡣
ձ˵ˣ¬ܼͷ˵ʲôܵĻǲԭʵֲ˼ҵ⣬ټϺҲһԼ֣ȰԼӦŵͷ
ʱ䶼Ƚɣ°ȥϽͿֱӻؼˣȻصĶǺҡ
һʼǾܾġ
Ȼǽ˶ԹȥѾִô˵ءȥңǻһĪĿڡ
ںġա֮¡òеͶ
ò˵Щסںңͦġ
ΪܶʱһңѾ׼˵ˣԼ
Gͦģϴ̬ȳϿңǭZȼԼ°ܼͣҡͦİɣû뵽ôʶȤռ硣

㡣
ճ壬漴ǭZȼֱָָָ룬ʱˡ
ϣˣһҼ
һǹᡣ
һͬӲˮ뿪ȴЦݡ
·һжں
뿪󣬼ӲˮĲɫڻɫĵ̺ϣԤʾšһ졣
лҪ˵

һǽһߵڰɡ
ʵСȼʲôұǴڷдģмοа˵֪
Ըɴͷһ½ˡ
СȼĲϾû֢ôأ񻯵Ļ֢չ
ΪҲҽû˵رרҵ
ҲصϣСȼĲҪһĻ˵ǣθ
ΪθǷǳӰ٣һ˸أҲӰ쵽θġ
ҲΪʲôСȼ֮ǰʱԶûʳصŻ¡
Ͼʲôģۣҿظա
Ȼ󡭡
ҿа˵ϣôᡣ
ʵ˵ĺܸж
ллôϲƪģķǳǳлҲж
ллǶƪĵ֧֡
ģֻŬ壬翪ر
֪˵ʲôĸл?


239 
Ͼ󻮵ݡ
Ļ϶ǭZȼƶPPTһҳ, Ʊʷŵ, ˫ֳ, һݵ̬, ŵģȴͬ
Ǻþûɵվ˰ɡ
ƽǼҪԼȫעͶ뵽֮, Ҳǻһĵĸоÿ˾ʱ, ǰǸҶý, һҲܷ, Լźܼ򵥵ĹڽкܼĲ, Ҳǳһָ߶ȼе״̬֮, ʵ̫ķѾˡ
һľ
ԷӦһǷϲѹ֮󣬾ͿʼĪĻûʧ֮УٵĵΪϲԷǷݽ, ٵڡ䷢֮Ĺϵ
һĸо
֪˲ٷ粨, Ҳ˻ɻ, ˻ᵣ, ҷģÿһλϾԱǶÿһλϵΣϵķ, ҶҵÿһݸҸжĴм
ǭZȼһ̨µһۣ漴һ˫ǰȺ֮һƳվ̨ϵ̨˵ע֮£΢΢̨µ˳ֿľһ
ллҡ
ǭZȼ
Ǹһɼ죬ȴҲΣ磭СŮվ̨ϣԼеĽһߵݣԱŸл´ǡ
˹⾰ζӳ¡
һ̵ǭZȼԾıŮڵȴѾǻԼ⻷֮µˡ
һԼģȴΪ׵ĺӵŮѾˡ
ǭZȼǩһ֧ƱȻȷʵ̶ȣȥкʵһ£ȷһǿͷ֧Ʊ
Ȼ֧ƱϵģôȡǭZȼͷϿ֧ĽǸֵࡣ
ԼҲӦÿһǰˡ
ǭZȼԷ֮ĸ顭Ѿ޹ˡ
ΪףķԣֻŮ֣ԼҲŲ֣οǭZȼδػ
ôҲϣҸһϡøá
ǭZȼ˵ԺһĨǳǳЦݣߴ̨һ۽ǵȥڵһֱĬŵ氵룬ԼղŵıǷܹԼҰְ־üأ
ɢɡ
ȵݽԺǭZȼɢᡣ
½½վļʼ뿪ҡ
뿪֮ǰߵǭZȼߣЩѵǭZȼ޷ϲ²ԼղŵıǷ⣬ֻǿԼҰְվԼǰʱֹסĽ
ôְԺһ»صλ棬ɲҪʲô۶ӡ
ô˳ȹһ찡
ְ֡
ǭZȼʶѿڶĳƺ漴Ŀڣ³
š˵ͷһֻ֣ǭZȼļϣſͣο̾һŽǭZȼԴϣظ˸ټںޱӵ֮£䴽ǣһ˿佱˵㳤ˡ
񶼱Ƚڿ佱ǭZȼرǵŹ˾˵棬Ŀ佱
ΪǭZȼҪ㣬ͱҪȱ˽ܸϸҪǲ佱ֻǡ޷׵ؿ佱ҲûһһŮõóɼʱ򣬾Ͷ԰ǺɫЩǺܼ򵥵飬ԴԱԣΩԴǭZȼȴС
ϾԼŮ˾֪ʵ
Ϊ˲˽ܵ˸ۣһЩҪܵƫֻܹѡҷǳעӣʮֵĻǭZȼʮ֣ܹ΢һЩ佱˼
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ǭZȼԴһҲûô࣬أϰֲ˼ˡ
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գһ¡
˶ߵĲ˵ʱǭZȼѸոסˡ
ʲô
ձߵſˣǭZȼֻ֣۷
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첻æʼ򣬡ÿ춼ɡղŵ֮æɡ
ǲǲ鵽˳껷ʲô鰡
һ㶣ǭZȼû˵
ǭZȼ֪յ˼ֻǼӿĶϿѶʰˣŸվͻԼİ칫ȥˣͬʱŸˡ
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ǭZȼŸùļûļȴǴ˵ӣ̧ͷһ͵ģ
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Ծ͡һȻģĶ𡣡
ҡĵġġǭZȼ˵ķǳϿңͷյǸ
ˣʵҲûʲô㿴ҲͿ˰ɡհ˰֣ԭǭZȼˣҲһС飬ǭZȼô֣µظǸСǼǭZȼôƵġ
ʵǰͲֻûرϸµĲտѾļ磭ֱӰе϶óˣǸʱҸյ֪һ𣬲һδߣҡ̫ģ΢һ¡
ǸʱĽأ
ͨ͡ġܲ鵽Щ
أǭZȼĵؼʵ
͡ƷôȻ罻ΰʲôġͦİɣؼʵ˵ĻȷǡŵԣͱСһЩͲܹչӡΪԼһաû⣬˵ЩʱҲҲȻ
ǭZȼڶȴһ֡ţЩ񡭡ڳԴءѽô죬ѽ˭ҵĴ̳Ӵѽ
ǭZȼ˵ָסӣһֻɿΧĿ˵ĸƵġ
ιûгԴ׺𡣡۾ԼĴ
˵Դ𣿡

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ҡСһЩĻҲǰɣѵҲչôǭZȼ²۵
ιϵıˣһʮֲǵģ㵽վ˭ߵİôҲ̨
Ҿǡ㻰ﲡ𡭡㡭һЩԼ̹һԴ׾ͳԴʲô˼ġǭZȼЦ
ˣҳԴףǳԴˣ̳ӷˣԴһأ˰ɣ
ͷֽϵ֡
ȴڸţôܲԴأǸˡȻšδͷΣںߴʱ䣬ֹǳԴװú
Ľʺޣһûܣ

շϣĺúõģͻȻһ
ʲô
ǭZȼչȥʲôôⲻǺܼ򵥵ô
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𣿡
ǭZȼü֮ǰ˵Ļһ˵ΪʲôǳİһȽ¡ǳء
Ǹ˵ô飬ٽ飬ûܵӰˣȫߵôңҸСƬǱ飬ȷе֤ݣָйء
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ǭZȼһһμ껷ʱĳСʱ򣬺ͼһμӻʱġ
ǸʱǰԼ֪һģһ
껷壬ȴ
ǰ
ǭZȼ̲ססͷͼʲôԽԽûҡ
һһμ껷ʱСʱ飬ȻǸʱΪСӵһ˵꣬ڻҲʮǰˣ˳껷һ֮⣬ǭZȼܹݲࡣ
ʵҲǭZȼԾü跢ҸС֮Ĺϵ󲻾ãҾͲûеõʲôõϢ
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Ժ󣬷ü壬Щϣˣ֮һоһµġ
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š
ˣҵûȥˣٲʼҽ͵üӰˡ
ս÷ŻļųǭZȼ˻֣漴뿪
ĵĵ뻳ɣȴһδ
лҪ˵
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ţ



240 
ⲻϵشӵ, ʱʱź, ȥ, һų˳, һ·ˣǰ·ָ, ͼɢһЩһĿǰˮйͨĽͨ·
ͣ, ͣ¡
Ǳߡ
ϵػʾ⡣
, , ͣ¡
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ı·Ҳûа취Ҳ˲ãҲãֻøһǰС
ź绹ڹ˾°, յľ̲סҪټȥϹȥҪˡ
ղͣؿųʾʱ䣬ֻԾָָؽûֻ档
żֻӫĻ棬ʾʮǰ緢ҪżͺáϢվ͸ƽ
̲סԴ쵽棬ǰ𽥺ת·ԼǰʼƶǰŵĳĵĽ΢
ǰĳӿʼǰˣ˳ֽĵ绰ӵһԵĸʻϣȻһڷϣһְ˰Ҷϵ
ֻ˴ӵʱ䣬绰ͱͨˡ
ι
һͷǳ˿谭شյĶУ˲丧ƽ˸ĵĽꡣ
תˣϾ͹𼱡
̲͡סЦ˳ȴøȫˣûмǸ˵ˣͺôôżʲôֲܡ
̫ðͣ˺һ˵Ļ
ʮӶѡ粻˵ţͶ̯ڰ칫ļϣ۵Ÿմ˿̿
ֻԼܹһ䣬ֻǵ㼸ʮӣȴҺüꡣ
ҲߵӣҲҵЩҲ˿
ߡ
ﶼȥģ֤һҵҡ΢΢һЦǰļڡѾʲôݶȥˣԣһ㣬ż𣿡
á
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תȴתһ̣֮п˳껷壬˻ԴԼ۾漴껷ʧ˺֮С
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š
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֪
翴Ÿƽ糣Ĳ̲סǣһôˣֻҪǸߵʲôأ
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Сձ֪ǸոˣĵĴӴſܳ
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Сһ§סյĲӣһڡ
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š
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š
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ƫƫͷôʡһЩ֪νˣ֪Ϊʲô
ԭүûи߹ҡ¬ܼùеֽϵϵǰϻڱϣǾ֪ΪԴСĽߵݳֵģҸĳҲйϵ
ʲô˼
ղףǲ
Ǵү֪꿪ġһֱĴ⡣껷֣˵ǡʵС㿪⣬ǡɲ棬̫үȥˣȷȴҲ˭ֽš
¬ܼüŻ伸ǰ顣
үһʼҲǸʱСճԺûãȽһĽߡԾӣǡ˿ηÿ춼үܾ͸ߣˣԴС㳵ɲֽŵҲҵġ
ҵģôҵģյճȭͷеֽţҲΪȵĹϵΣĺۼûȷϹ˵Ǽ𣿡
ȷϹġ¬ܼҷǳ϶ĵͷҲΪүſʼж·ҡ
ʲô

¬ܼұֳЩΪѵӣĻ˵о˺Ϊע⵽ˣյְеץúܽ
ûϵ˵ɡ
ҡ˵Ը¹ڵһڴСչүͰһͳ˹һõġ

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šʧģĽɡ
ߣλãҲĻᣬϧ
ںҾͲ̫ˣΪֻүʱȥǡ¬ܼҰ˵һعҲۿˣ껷Ǹ˶ԴСȷǲܿóϲС㣬ֻǡС̬ȴת䣬ʼԽԽ׽ֱ꣬ҪԼͱüˡ
˿̣վ⣬ǽڱߵĺ磬Щ˸һ
õģˡллЩ
ҵķ£ʲô֪ģʱҡ¬ܼҰϻ˸ա
š
¬ܼ뿪Ժ
һϣϡ
ԺУ껷˵Ļ¬ܼҸղŻشĻϵؽһĶߡ

껷ϲ磬ôΪϲԼϵؾܾ߳ŭ
Ͼ顭Ǽٵġ
ټϡ
յ߶ϵһǣʾȫǳ껷ĸҵѧУ
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ԡĽߵݣҲġ
лҪ˵

һ¸һЩ
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241 
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ǭZȼڿ, ڰԷ񵱳Էһʱ, һ
ֻ, ǸʱǰѶڷźãȴȫ
ͻȻԷߵǭZȼǰ
㡣
еһſݸǭZȼ
ʲô
ǭZȼùԷݹĿ, һŷдǡ𡱡
Ҫ
дŽȻǽԷָ˵ǭZȼĶͷ漴óһŸǭZȼһģһĿ, Ұš
ǭZȼ߶Էϵһſ, ֵͷԼſ, Ҫһ
԰ԷͷԺͲÿϳȥܲˣʵڼһ̨ܲĵطһ̨Ƚ⡣
Է˵ıȽޡ
Ͼסڼ, ܲʲô̫ˣ俴ĻȻԷ㲻·룬ΪľʵҲòǵ飬ϣܹرһЩͻرһ°ɡ
ҰҪעϢÿΪ˶ô磬Ҫæô˯̫ˡ
ȻʵΪżлʱǭZȼһ˯ɵڶǭZȼҪĻֻһڴϵʱϯȫĹ¶ϰߣҲ̰ǭZȼ£ֻǰСʱҲãôһ
˵ˣȥĻҲԸһȥڼϢҸоԼˡԷ뵽;ǲΪΪչ˺ǭZȼǭZȼһԼġӪ͡ҪǭZȼʵͬʱҲԼιˣ
ôţͻȻԼֱۣšģǡˡ
𣿡ǭZȼԴһ˿ͻȻ˫ָԷߣʮָôã
ιԷʶץסǭZȼֵ˫֡
ⲻ֣СšǭZȼüͷŬһʵݴʣ
ء
ȻԷһֵ
Ҫ㡣ԷסǭZȼĶ䣬עĴǡ
ӴӴۡǭZȼס䣬ġ

ǭZȼһС̹˵ıעţԷĲ̣֣ѹûšĶ䰡

ֵһ˲䣬ԷתɡšΪࡱʳָĴָָǭZȼĶ䣬ϻ˵Ųô˵Ļ㻹ǣ硣
ϵĶȴᣬ˼ֳ硣
ȥʰһ¡
š
ǭZȼһЦ漴Ҳͷʰ
ڴԷСǷױ̨ϵһЩ֮࣬ǭZȼһһСĵذװκ档
ǡ
ǭZȼһֻϤĶģӺһʱ䡣
ôԷȥĻȴûеõǭZȼĻӦ۵ߵǭZȼߣĵֻŵǰޣ͸ҵܾǰˡ
֪ǭZȼֻ״ͿʽͻȻˣǡ㻹ǵΪʲôֻһֻ𣿡
šԷŻһ£ǵð
ΪҲϲİҵĶǭZȼԭ֮ǰԷ㻹˵رãҪͼԼģǸȥμӰһѵŮĻʱ򣬲СĵһҼǵһ˰Ҽˣл֮ҾͰǸӵˡ
ʵӵֻľԭԷҲǿֻʱ򣬲ģһ˲䣬ҪķӦǭZȼ࣬ߵѡαװ
ǡ㻹ǵðǸ˭𣿡
ǭZȼȴȫûзԷ˿̵룬˼ȫڵǸϡ
ӦǸŸĸһμӻİɡԷֻǵһλʿ֮Ѿûӡˡ
ǳ껷尡Ǹˣǳ껷尡ǭZȼԷûмǴĻӦǡһμ
ǭZȼԿ϶ûмǴΪ껷һǲǵġ
ңĿǰܹһЩģĻǸʱĳ껷廹ͦģͦСǸʱСҲǸʱǭZȼҪϲ١
Էһ±ƣô֪Ҳǵôǰͼ
Է˵Ժšüصͼʲôҡ껷岻ǸӰ
ȻѾ̫ǵõǸʿʲôˣӡУԷýڳ껷λʿӦòͬһ˰
ȷǡǸӡǭZȼҧ´֪ô˵źá
ȻԷ˵ڵĳ껷ӡеĳ껷壬֮⣬øͲһ
ҲǭZȼһֱֵĵط
ҡҼǵáǸ˺ֻҼ˶û˵ʲôְɣԷָǭZȼļ򣬲ؿǭZȼô֪ǳ껷أ



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԰
Ϊʲôء
ΪʲôõʱǸ˾һǳ껷ءΪǸ˵һ̣һΪĹ
ΪһǭZȼʶĳ껷弸һģһǭZȼȫûнȷϵ֮£Ѿȵ϶Ǹ˾ǳ껷ˡ
ԷղŵķʣǭZȼŷӦ
ȷˣͷβǸ˶û˵ʲôʲôֻΪһ껷ƵǭZȼĬ˵ǸԷ˾ǳ껷壬ûлɹһ¡
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ǭZȼԼģգô˰úõģôͻȻ˵Щ
ûҾǡΪʲôһ顣ǭZȼŪԺٸԷ㣬Ŀǰȶܰɣ㿴Ի¼ⷢңȻһƬֱ˷裬ǡӣЩɡ԰Ҿ룬ΪʲôҪô
šΪҸһװ˹ϵǽʧˣԷǵã껷嵱ʱʱֻǭZȼ˵ĺոǸʱʵڱҪЮɡ
νĳŵὫǭZȼһ֪˵ĸĸҲǻ֮ƣΪԼ֪һǹɱһֲɡ
ȷԷҲԼ̫ʣȻѡһ˿˽˵Ļ˵׻Լ̫˰ɡ
ҲΪǸʱ򼴱Ѿ˱ĸֵ׼ȴʼջûкѡű¶㣬ó껷лɳ˰ɡ
ΪԼԥҲڱץţҲͲᵼ¡ǭZȼǸʱ򱻷Ȱȵ˰ɡ
˵ףһеԴͷΪ̫ɣֻܹͨһĻǭZȼҲôûаȫУҲͲܵôӰˡ
ϸԷŷԭһеףȻԼ
ҵʱ򣬴ûһܾɡֻߡԭ׼ҾܾĻͻƬع֪ɡԷ²˵
ǰɡ
𣿡
㡭ǡ
ţ
Է§סǭZȼĲӣ°͸ļϣԴעĲ
šǻЩĳǭZȼıòȻ껷塭֮ǰδ£ӦŰɣ
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ǽӴԼˡҵĹµĿתƵϡҲ˵ģΪܾ߳ŭˣֻǡ
ֻǣ
ֻǣ˵껷ǳȥģ޹ء
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أ
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֮ǰϲǳôոС㲻ֳŻ˱Ǽǳ껷µġȻҸֱ֪ˡǭZȼͷˣɬ˫վãµȫߵˣԡ
Ҳ˵飬껷ǸһйأԷҲеˡ
ġǭZȼԷ¶ɫס֣ڣµġһȥġ
һ˰ôһҪ㱣ҵġԷ̲סЦˣǭZȼôĿԼҪ㣬ҲҪСİҲһŮӣҲҪ˱
˵ǭZȼĻôҲһİҲܵǭZȼ
µÿǹ˾϶һ߰ûġǭZȼοԷ㣬ȷ˺ܶ࣬ҪӰ࣬ʱ̫ĻҲѹؼɣһڹ˾̫
ǾͺáԷǭZȼգǿ㣬Ǽʰɡʰ˾ͻؼȥԷʱ䲻ˣȥ̫Ļᵣĵġ
á
ǭZȼͷӦͶ뵽ǰƷ֮С
ȴţڶȥ˾һҪչͨһ顣
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Ҳ˵մһ񵽵ף·ġС顱Ҳһ硰֡ɡ
㡭
Ժ˲䡰ৡľͺ, ҲΪչϷʵŷ죬·ȵϢĶߡ
ԣ͹ԹԵŲͿˡ
ץס֣࣬漴ָ¿ۣ˯ϵĿӣһһŵĽ⿪ֱ׾Ͼ屩¶ǰ
ϸĵ£ǳȻһƿӣź˿࣬˵̧һ㡣

ѾܹγѪƲһߣȫϸյߣȴڸշָ֮£һһӦ
ֳڴϣ壬̧ȣ˳ֽ˿룬ӿ壬ȴʼ޵Ĵźȣĸоú΢΢̲סһ飬˶
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翴Ÿ뿪һ֮ġǻļһ˿ʧ䡣
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һʰԺǺһ͡
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µǸ˱۾ʼһ
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ʲô˼ߣͬеץ˾ߣѻôȥ⸽Ҳûг⳵ĶҳȥҽҩѶٻûôӵҲܣǱ뿪ǵĳҺȥ
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⻹ࡣ
˾û˵˽ڵϵһϳһԼں棬ʣµǰ˾صλϣŷӿȥҽԺ
Ǹµ˳ԺһĨЦݡ
ȵҽԺԺ˾³ߵ¬ܼҿţ¬ܼұ˳
ں˲ŽԼѷ³
ʱǰǸɷˣߵһԼǸ˵ʱ¬ܼһиһԵ˾ӭײһҲյϣ漴һ¬ܼҡ
¬ܼҲûĿһǸɷˣСȥ˼ҡ
㡣Ǹɷˣ¬ܼһԶˣŰĶһͬ߰ɣչˡ
С漴ɿԼϵͬС˵ŵ㡣
Ȼֻһʹ˹ȥ
类͵˾Ժе㲻̫õץסֲɿ滹ؽ黳Ϸ顣
ţտźסԼֵ֣ͷһԲģŴǣĿ

ﲻ˵
ǡ
ôˣ
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ޡðҽпյĻ͹һȥԳԿɣ
š
𣿡
ʲô
ţʲô
㡭ֱסգƫͷ촽Ķ䣬ƵĿڣ͡ûٸһô
һʼջûӦȫĵעں翿ʱɢˣ֮ǶߺԴռȫרע

ޡ
Żһºղž˵ʲôʶ˵ʱ׺˼ˣԡ롭Ҳ촽Ķϣѹô롭ҽһô
š˶٣źԥĳˡ
ǡðһθⷽʱ򣬵ʱǷ飬Լۡ

һú׼ġ
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ǡˣҪȥϰˡɿסյ֣תݿڡ
տıӰֿྡĸоһֱûзֿÿճͻһɣ
ͻȻվڵݿڵĺͻȻתŸ˵һڴġ
ţһ֮У˵š
۾ûпĻڵŹ֮ǰһ̡ϹЦݡ
ҲܹźͶ뵽һĹ֮ˣôţһ뿪
˹˾ĺ磬Ͼͽ״̬ʼúõĹ
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˲֪ŶãĴһ

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ŵݣȻӳϣСŮûµĻ·ڡһˣ߱ˡ
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Ǹ·൱ƫƧһС䣬һߵͿͣ
ߵߣ˳ųһ¼СյĿ¬ܼҰοյ
绹ǲóȻϳ
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㡭
𾪵Ժ󣬿ų˲´Ͽ֡
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мҪ˵
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ǣǭZȼҡͷСʱһˣ껷񣬵Ǹڵĳ껷峤ȫһӡ֮У껷ĳӦǳøСʱǸһģӣ
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ǡ
հļһŵ̯ڰ칫ϣļŶƬȻǺڰ׵ģϳƬϵǸ˭
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ǡ硭
뵽ͼˣͳ绰硣
˿ڳ껷峵ϵĺ磬ֻˣҵֻʾдŸյ֣һ۳껷壬ӣȴͻȻһְֻԼֻˡ
ʲô
СŮ͵øߡ껷彵³ֻֽӳ⡣
ֻӸ߿׹ڵϣˤ˸顣
ҧ˺յĻĲ㡣
껷忴źģ൱Į
һͷĸգĵһͨ绰ûбֲͨһ飬ȴǣĵ绰ѹػ
սüͷһ仰Ҳ˵
ô
ػˡ
ȻĹ˾ȥԣ˵ֻڿᣬһʱ֮ûа취绰أǭZȼ
áһ绰򵽺ȴĿе֪缸ʮǰյһ֮󣬾ͼҴҵĳȥˣҲû˵Ϊʲô顣
ô
˵ʮǰͳȥˣܼӣҲû˵Ϊʲô
ǡ
ü˼ţ漴뵽ʲôƵģաϸ¬ܼҴ绰õȴһĻظתֲ绰׶԰ʦʦȴոûȥѧУҡǰúҲ绰֪顣
ȱ𼱡ǭZȼվڸߣ绰ݣһŸɫҰ׵ģסļο˵ո㶼µġ𼱡
Уҵãյ˫ֳϣֱʹһվʱȴһתǰͻȻãһƬ
㡢侲һ㡣ǭZȼҡҡ׹վվȵĸգַסҰԣ侲Լ̫ˣ𣿡
ľګǭZȼ˫ȴʼսץסǭZȼ֡
ϰ㣭żǭZȼ˵žóֻʼ
ǹ˾һ죭Ͼͻھ侲ӣӾ͵
šصصͷȴһ𣬸оһؿڵĵط
ˣˡ
ǭZȼͷһԼֻ죬СҷϢҿһ¡
š
ʲô
ǭZȼ㿪ֻϸŷԷһλʲô˵һԷôطӦڽˡȥʲô
ǭZȼԼһֲõԤУҲû͸Է˸绰
Ҫȴʱ䣬绰ͱͨˡ
С㣬㡭
ȼȼ˵绰ͷ쳣Էѹɤڸղŷ㶨λǸطҲڣ
С㣿ͻȻ֮䣬ԷȻֹǭZȼֻડƺֻ˵ϣ漴绰ﴫһˡ̵ǭZȼ䷢ʹС㣬С㣿
ǭZȼȥͨʱѾʾԷҶ˵绰
ôˣüץס֣ԷģҺ˵֣ʲôˣ
Спܸһ𡣡ǭZȼսеֻظ˸գղԷڵ绰˵ݡ
ûĻСĵ绰֮ǰǸûӦǡ껷塯Ҳǡ˵Ǹ𩡣
壬塣
漴ǭZȼֻ˼£һš
дһ֣Լһ˻ʱ䡭ʱһСʱ
֡հ칫ϵߵ绰ˡ
ι
߹ʣǰ̨˵绰˵У죭ͬ־ǰӵˣ绰˵һλԳơաŮʿġ
룬ֻͰԼйس껷ĵϾ׼¥³壬ǵˡ
Ҹһȥ
ǭZȼҲˣŸһȥ˹˾һ¥
ãҾǸայ¥£ֱǰ̨
Ůʿã˵һ¾
ﲻǸõطȥ̸ɡǭZȼһ˵ȥ¥ϣ¥Ļǿյġ
á
һ˵˻Ժ󣬸հͷϹڳ껷ĵȫݸ죬漴ʼǽԭί
䣬ǭZȼһֱͬʱϵز绰Է㣬ɵ绰ȴҲûбͨʱԽãľԽ
ûã⴫һɧƿ߽ô£
˾˾ô飬Ȼûеһʱ֪ͨ
ְ֡
ڸʲô
ǭZȼһߣɫص˵С㡭ͻȻİһۣСܳˡ
ʲôӦرһ¾Ϳˣô£
˽һľղŸͨѶ˾湵֮ͨ˽⵽ڼʮǰѾʧλСṩ·ĶλѾͬ³ȥˡ
ֻǳĬһԲĵȴѾǲӿ
ǭZȼվһԣʲôҲû˵ȴڲϵؼӿ죬֪ʱʼһֱð亹
ʮǰ
ԷʳϿһ¿Сʳ꣬Ŀǰ𱬳̶ȫһ濪ڣ·ǭZȼԼҪһ緹ԺԸǭZȼһ𳢳
Էʱ䣬ǰӼȥǼ𱬵СʳŶӣѡڷ緹ʱ䣬µ˷ԺǼᱬ
СʳǳߣȴһС꣬һһӪûˣҲȽСſʱǼڷٶȺܿ죬ǰĹ˿͸ǮϳԵ뿪ƶٶȲǵص΢еƫǿȺĴϣڽֽǵĲ档
ŶӵĹУע⵽úõͣͣȴ⿪һСԷ£߱ע⵽˻ֵͦģóһλʿȴñӣԸţҲ֪ǸĸԣôѳͣǶĻһ˵Ļһⲻһ˵Ȼߡ
ûһԷʹȺ֮пźɫװĺȺ֮Уֹˣ߽ͣСԱߣȴֻվڳűߣٳûϳ
Ϊһξ룬ϽǶȵ⣬Է㿴òǺע⵽ĥһԼϵĳһӱ㷢ˣشӽֽ˳Ҵڵķ澭
Ҳһ̣Է㿴Ǹ¿֣һ˲䣬Էע⵽˱ڿ֮µݣǱˡǳ껷塣
ڷ飬ٽǭZȼĪĸ껷飬Է붼ûʹȥĳͣڸͣȥȡĻǰĳ϶ѾԶˣֻܵ·һȥ
Сȥﰡ
鷳㣬ҸǰҪ̫־ͺá
˾ӺӾ￴Էһۣݣǰ濪Ŀɷô˵ȥ׽ģ뵽˾ĵӿһӢСģˣ
ޣ鷳ˡԷȫûע⵽˾һĻֻǻţղźϳǰϵɡ
˴ʮӵʱ䣬ӿ˽˾ۼǰҪһЩķϵͣģĵطˣ̲ס˵СǰǳҪǸͣȥǻ
⸽ĳ࣬ǸƾɵͣĳӾ͸ˣóȻȥ˵ᱻ֡
ˡͣ⸽ɣԼȥˡԷ˾ˣҸ˫Ǯ
Сˡ
˼ܲ鷳ٵһȣҾͽȥһ£ûʲô飬һҴһѳ鷳ͻ𣿡Է³ǰ˾е⸽ĳҲ٣Ҳ򳵣֪ᵢĹʱ䣬ԵʱĲ׬ĽҸϣ𣿡
аɡҾȻ˾ԷǸͦˬˣòȻŵ˻ᲹϲۣԼҲϢӦ
лл
˵ԺԷ³ˣ߽ǸƾɵͣǰǭZȼһλֻ˾ģʽ
Է߽ͣŷ֣ԶշѻշѣڴԶշѻȴѾˣһЩȴԼ߸Ьڿյͣš
ԷסŲĴѰŸղſȴͻȻֻĻʾǭZȼ֣Ͼͽͨ˵绰
С㣬㡭
ȼȼ˵Էѹɤڸղŷ㶨λǸطҲڣ
ֻͻȻˣԷתͷһûվԼǰ˭߾Ѿʼģֻˤڵϣ˲
ǰǣһݵˡ
еʶͣʧ


244 
Ҫʲô
ոͲƭң
㵽װղصȥˣ
ΪʲôҪô, 㵽ʲôĿģ
ԼʱҾ˵, ϣǺþۺɢΪʲô㻹ǼҸղţ
Է㲻֪˶á
ߴһŮһһʵ, ЩϤǡ磿
, 簡
Ҫʲôš
ǡų껷ĳͣȻ󡭡
Էһ飬˹, ȴû۾΢΢۾һ, ۲ΧĻ
ЩãȻĿ, ʪ, ߺܰ
껷˿ûзѾѹʵԷǳŲλ, ֲϵڵѰܸϰ˫ӵ, һӣƺˣֻһһĥӡ
ղţǳ껷, 簡磬ʧ֮, ǿɰ
ʲô˼
Ϊ, δݳֵʱ, ΪĽ𣿡
ֻŭų껷塣
껷尧̾һһرϧģ˵Ҳ׵İɣϾڹȥ飬ʲôǵˡ
ǡǰʶ
û뵽㻹еӡ󣿡껷Ц˵, ǰʶأˡһ㺦ü֪𡣡
סˡ
Ϊ˸նϢĻҰ־Ͳ֪ҸӵʵҲ顣֪ʱжʹȻҴҲô׽Ǹϰ֣ʱ֪Ǽ췭ظ𣿡
껷뿪ľʵϣߵǰ壬ϥڵϣһֻ°ͣòԼ㿴ҵ㿴ǰǳģģʱңŪݣòȥģ㺦ã֪𡣡
˫ץסļ򣬲ͣҡź塣
ǰ۾Ŭͼʲô
ǰΪ΢ᱡһ¸գôôϲôʲôǵ˾ȻϲŮһʲôõģ껷޷⣬ʵ޷ܣ꣬갡ôҹΪʲôͲܶҶأҶôá
Ҳϲ㡣
ǣϲһ䲻ϲ
껷߳һ֪ҵӦúһ㣬֪ôʵΪġ
ʲô
ɲֽţǸ˻ͽԴ˻ȡǸȥϰ֣ҵΡ껷յĶ˵ûһУΪߡȻ󱨸㡣ֻǡ
껷ͣЩЦãץסԼؿڣǰϱץһţֻǡҾȻû뵽ߣΪ˱ʧңȻİ㡣
еһУΪ˱֮ʧ
ɳ껷û糯Ϧദ֮£Ȼİ
ʧĺ磬һƬհףȴǹŵЦݣĳȾ˳껷壬ûмһõŮӡ
ԭԼȴΪߣʹ尾ġõ˾꣬ʼϲչǰŮӣȻŮӱ곤һЩⲢӰΪһ˳еչΡ
֪Ӻʱʼ껷忪ʼҪΪ硰δ򡱣ǼװģҲǹһʵͷΣʼϣΪһ롣
һУȴΪʱ䣬÷ֱ
翪ʼϵԶֱһ죬ƽԼԼ
껷嵱ȻӦںԼԺԾɲ϶δͷΣϵȥԼһԷƾܹҲֲʱʵûа취ʹӦˣϾһദôЩ꣬껷ʵĺãܸܵ˺껷塣
ȴûϣǸչ껷ԽԽ䱾ĴʼԽԽƵ翪ʼľܾ
ٺճˡ
һ۾ϲǸֻĪ䵭ŮӣҲᶨ˾ܾ껷ġ
ǣȴûн粻֪һǳ껷ģϲŭ޳ƦҲԽԽ
ǡǴˡ껷ҧΪ㡭ϧƭ˵ҵز˲㣬ǸգղǸףΪʧ󺦵ҾһеʹࡣҶϧƭԼΪ㿪ˣɵͷ
껷廰һת̧۾ʱֻʣĮ壬ȴ˿ϧ
ǺյĻͲȻǰļͥҲûжҸܱڵҡã˶ڱļ˵Ǹ˽ӣ׶ôأҲΪԼܹҵ԰ﵽҪǣףɲֹһӣԼֻǸ˽ӡ
Ҳ֪굽׷ʲô飬ʲôͺã˺պ͸աûаֵͬΣֻзŭҪң공Ǽ飬ҲѾˡΪܳΪжεĽڡ
ߣ˼㶼ģˣأ
Է㣬ǹȥ޹ءֻϣܹ˺ᵽ͡
㲻˵ҵǿĴˡ껷壬Էλá
ʱ껷忪һ·ϡ٣Ҳ࣬ĺȴһֱһȻñȽԶ껷ԾܹӺӾ￴Ӱӣ⿪һϾɵͣǴﻻһģԷԼ߽ʱ򣬾Ͱˡ
ܻҲûͷû֪ŪԷԺһŰԷ˳ͱˣȻŻĳǸƾɵͣĺߵˣ֪
û뵽껷岻ЦЦȻĳһ⣬Ҳáֶһ˵ǸҲյֹϵɡ
껷ͻȻߵԷ߶£Ǻ羪ι
ʵҲͦƯģ㵱ʱӦҼװ̸Ļ˵Ҳ˳Ƴһϲ㣬ϧܾҡ㲻ܾңҲʹ֮ı̬ϵĸĸߡ
ޡ
ԷͻȻų껷˿ˮ
껷ȫûϵѾ
Է˫Ŭ˱Ѿûжӣһ룬ʹȫ껷˵ϣ껷ҲΪŲԵʣ˵ϡ
϶껷ϵԿҲŵ˳
Է״϶˹ߵߣϿöӰĥ˫ϵӡ
˻껷Ĩϵĭȴ¶һ˿˲Цݣ˦˦ԴվصĵϵĻҳԭˡ
ô㲻ҪΪû֪͸ȼȼλˣܿͻҹġ
ĺ£Ͳôˡ껷һȫԷвģˣǮһҾͻȥڹûԼץҡ
Էץź粻ϵˡ
껷ȴԽԽӽԷƵ޿˺һץԷ㣬ȫûֱĳһơ
صءžһص߻谵
ס֣
ȥץס껷壬ֹ˺Է㡣
ɳ껷ȴħһץסԷĲӣһҲŮ˸Ůһʲôõģţ
ι֣ɿ˲һֱشų껷塣
ȻŮ˺˵൱Ĳ࣬껷ȫѺĴһ¡
״ղų껷ŵľӣس껷ıȥ
˻
껷Ϊ۵Ĺϵòֹͣ˵ĶҲΪȥʱĽǶ⣬Ҳ˵˺ԡ
㲻˺УסҪȱԷ㣬㻹𣿡
ȿȿȣȿȣȿȿȡԷͨ죬˫סӣͣؿţӯſ¿ʼڵĺš
ĿɰҸûץǸСŮĻҵǸ¬ͷͣˡ껷岻ûпǹҪһץ۲Ǻһˣ¬ܼѧ˾ͣ˻ˣһСһ̫鷳ֻСŮʣµһϣô㡣
ԣֻһֽţ͵¬ܼҺ˾ֻϵĹΣ¼Ůʧ¬ܼҵĵ绰ִֻܸͨߡ
˵ʲô
˻껷һ½ǣȴΪ˿ǣųʹ㻹ɵͷβƭת
ǱߣߡԷ͵͵ס½ǣС˵
ߣ껷űߣֻһͷһ˻ʽ˵֪ͨ漴һЦˡֻһӣ̧Ĳ飬ųȥԺ̽ŷ
ιʲôŰ㣡
ԷܵűߣȴֲôûãѾˡ
ţһսζ⴫
ûŵʲô
Էһۣƺµʲô
ô죬Żˣ
취취Էڻ谵߶š
Ǳǲй⣿ָһ˿ȵĽ䡣
ûǴԷ߹ȥִȻľ壬ΪϾɵԵʣӶ͵ˣľ顣
Է˺Ѿ𽥸ʴľһ
Ȼˣ
վԶһ㡣ľڽ£ϾһţȻŴһȥ㡰ડһˡ
׵ΧʣƬԷ˵ȳȥ
ô죿
ȥԺңȥ
ԷЩԥǿԽԽŨսζ㷭ӴԽ˳ȥ֪ȥʱȴ˵˽Ųӣ˻
ôˣӴ̽ͷѯԷ״
û¡ҽס㡣ԷʹŬվ˫֣ס
Ҳûϴȥ
˶ʧˤˣԷȸˡ
˼ѹˣô㻹𣿡ע⵽ԷһֱŽ׵ĵط
û£ߣ뿪
á
ԷߣһƬȻǽǶ̫Ϥʲôط
Կף껷Կף˵ûߡԷóų껷岻עʱ߲ԿףĳӦҲ
һ£Һ񿴵Ժ껷³ʱƺƳͣ
翴ԷķȻԷյһߣԶͣһ
𣿡
̫ܷܲùԷԿףȥĽ˲ܿã
ԷϳԺ󣬺ɹط˳ӡ
ߣ
Ҳ֮˳·ȥ·ܲȰɡ
Զ껷һźԷڳԶȥӰӣóһС
һԿףⱩ¶ģ㵱ʱԷûԿ׵ҲķʽⱩ¶ǴԿףΪľúõԿס
ǳ껷ûвʴľͷµ㣬ԷӲͻᱻڷӳƱػԿ׿뿪
һ֡󶼻һ
˵ģһҪû
ܹ˺ѡǺĪǭZȼǸ˶ĸֵӺżˬˣټϡԷ֮Ǳ̬Ĺϵеġ
ãԷ㵹Լˡ
簡磬ԼûаסģѡңҾһѡ˺㰡
ǣȴûаסᡭ
û뵽󣬵ĳȻݡ
һΡŲôˡ
Է㣬ûоܾԼĻ˵ԼҲߵһ
Գ껷ԣҪԷĵλݣ߻ݻ顭ȴܾˡ
ôô޴Ů˰
ⶼעİɡ
עԼҪߵһעһ١
뵽껷岻мһЦ漴ӿ


245 

ǭZȼϵš
˿һƬ, żţλ죭֮۵
Ҳһ, ֽ, ʮָ, ̫ţ

ǭZȼԽԽء
Աߵĸղ, ĿȥѾͷ, û°ɣôͷ󺹰
ָǭZȼ, ȴ˫ֱ, Сȼ㻹𣿡

ǷѾȥ, µ, µġղϵظ仰Ҳ֪ڰοǭZȼڰοԼ
, 塣
ʱյֻ, һʶĺ롣
ιͽ
С, ¬ܼ, ˾·ϳһ⣬СˣҺ˾һȥҽԺողŴСơ¬ܼͷ͵ε, Һ˾ֻĪĲˣڲҽԺĹõ绰
һֱһ𣿡
ǰ
ҽԺļҽԺ
ҽԺãǾʹҽԺﶼȥ
õġ
ֽ֮󣬲Źҵ绰֪ͨڳģ죬պ¬ܼǰȫģĿǰҽԺ
Ϊ׵ģ죭ȥҽԺպ¬ܼҡ
һ۵
ͻȻӵһµϢ
ҵˡǸϾɵͣĽֵġ
ǭZȼɳվȴʧһ㻬ס˵λ죭ͬ־ֱۣôˣ
˵ǳˣ˶ˣҽԺ;С

Ժֵֻƾס˶ͷЩΪȥĲõĻ䣬˲ϯһֻ̣ܹܵ־塣
磬
꾭һ˲䣬·Ŀ˿Ժ֮пʼš
˵µˡ
ǭZȼԺ˾վֱӹ˵ϣֳڵϣͷʼڴڵغţ
ȼȼȼȼע⵽ŮĲԾ϶§ס侲һ㣬侲һ㣿

һ룬ǭZȼʶѾģ塣
ȼȼȼȼȼȼ񲻶ϵغ
ǭZȼ棬ȴ߶ţС㡭С㡭С㡭
ȵǭZȼ۾ʱ۵˲䣬ֱ塣
ȼȼߣһݡ
СأСôˣǭZȼ͵ץס֣ʹ䶼ûз
ǭZȼץסϣܵжԷ㣬ο˵ģСûµġ

֣ſڵء

ǭZȼﲻϵظ⼸ʣ漴ƿ´ץסĵطȥ
ȼȼʲô󣬡ҽ˵ŹȣڻҪϢȥĶ
С㣬С㡭
ǭZȼ·κκ
һһߵǰ
ְϢôˡվǰǭZȼ˹ǰȥס

ǭZȼ˫ϵǸơ
κε˵ĺߣĺһ㡣
˫۽עǸɫĵơ
࿪ʼʹоֿʼ
С㡭С㡭
ǭZȼץסԼؿڴ˫ȴʧĵ׹ֱϥǵڵϡ
Ҫʧȥ𡭡
Ϊʲô
ΪʲôҪҡ

ȼȼʲô
ŹڵϣסǭZȼСû£µģ
衣ǭZȼеתԴ衭С㡭С
ʲôҲû˵ȴֱµɫѾ԰ס
ȼȼ
Ҫʧȥˡ
ǭZȼصͷֲϵشűĴשƺܲϵʹ
ΪʲôΪʲô
Ҫ뿪Ұ㣬Ҫ뿪Ұ
ˡС㡭뿪Ұ
ġʧȥ㰡
ǭZȼ˫ۣͷڵϵĴשϣ˳棬С㡭С㡭
棬ϵĬԷ֡
俴ǭZȼǸ˻ӣ֪ôĿֻôʹѡ
üעŷϵı飬šӦòˡ
ȼȼ§סǭZȼļ̧ͷһ񣬡û˵СֻΪ׹һС𣿡
˵İȼȼ˵Լ߹ˡ͵
ʲôʲô׹ۣǭZȼٵشӸĸĶԻ֮в׽һµϢ̧ͷӣѾ޳һèˣСǳ𣿡
ǳˣֻһЩˣټϽ׹ˣҪһС̶һ¡
ûΣ𣿡ǭZȼֺҵĨ
ȻûС̾һ
˿̣ҵĵϨˡ
Էڲϣﱻ˳
ǭZȼվȴΪڴשϵһֻ˵ϣĵ°ͣİմϵˮ·һĨȻվܴԷߣס֣㻹ʹʹ
ԷֻЦҡҡͷȻḧǭZȼ
㵣ˡԷЩؿڵ
ţǭZȼصص˵ͷһڱ˿ǻž͵ˣԺҲܹ뿪ˣȻһᳬģµĻҡ
ԷסǭZȼͣ˵ȥҲˣҲ뿪ġ
ţ
˺ˣ·ˣʲôز˵ɡ
ǭZȼһߣҪҽԱĹ
ǭZȼ谭վڲߵҽԱڵķȥǭZȼƺˣ˵עȫԷϣôԷĲһһߡ
俴Ǹػģӡ
ղǭZȼһģԷĸһģһ
ǡǭZȼ
㲻Ըô룬ҲòϡǭZȼǸʹʧģǾԵʵУΪʹ̫ʵˣġһ
ǭZȼԷ㡭
ӡ
ŮӺŮӡ
ȫ̹עԼϵı飬ţҲ߰ɣȥŮ
š
ƺһжһΣĺ
лҪ˵
СZǰ鹢ڻħʼڳڳҲǽ⿪ħˡ


246 
һߡ
һҵſ, , Ųͣضŵذ, ¬ܼҺնߡ
ѧôˣ
ĸ˹
С㡣¬ܼҳͷк
ޡáҲ¬ܼҴк
⻹Եֱ, һ档
յͷ˫ֱסԼԴ, ʹ˵
ô°ߵĿλ
ǵģ죭˵ײԱ߹·, Է·ֵ߱, Ʋ˵ˡ
ô
ǳ껷ƭ˵, ץգյ׶԰ʦ, ʦ˵ûȥѧУ, ¬ܼҴ绰Ҳûֿͨ껷ĸİװϵСΣΪץ, ˳껷ĳ
һ̧֮ͷ
˵, ӦǺŶԡС㻹ǵô, һǸѧ, 𩡣صļң֣ݡ̾һֻһѹֵؿڣ㷢־ͺ, ҲͲᷢ顣
˭ġḧסյıҲԱߣҪȥ㵹ˣô졣ҡ
ŵһţѧܹڡҲһԵġ
ϣˡսҧݡ
˺һҵĵƹϨˡ
类˴˳ͳȥ
磬磿һץס֡
ɵϣҪ¶ֱ顣糯΢΢һЦ
ΪͷϷ룬Űɫı
ղüһ塣

ãҪѲȥϢ
ޡá
ʣֻ׷ȥ
ʮԺ
¬ܼȴջؼȥϢһֱҽԺ˶ӡУ죭¼£ڳҲá
¬ܼҵͷӦˡ
ֻʣ¸кǰ¼ģ졣
Сã֪մһۣһڷһ±¼ʵڲеĻǾ
ûϵǵĹԵġֳڴߣҪ
𶯡սŵΧںߣŲбĽǶȣͺá
ЦſգϸķĲˡ
źϵı飬һ˿
ѧ㡭
ѭȥͻȻʳָԼĴ䣬ʾҪء
һЦ漴תȥĬĬĨȥԼ۽ǵˮ
ˡ
ԣС𣿡
ǣΪҷԺٶȱеĳ̶ȣȻͻȻ껷Լ˵ģҳʱɲֽţҾͲ룬ɲ᲻Ҳ⡣
˹˵Ųɲȴɲʧ飬ҽ֪ԷС㣬ΪҲûкܿ죬Ҿˣ֮ԼҲˣٽšҾʧȥʶˡ
õġ¼ģ죭ͬ־ʣллĺĻҪ鷳һ¡
Ȼû⡣
˵һ£껷ͬĿǰѾץˣֻ˻ûϢ˽һȷϢʱǻ֪ͨģȷ֮ǰǵͬ£СʱС㡣
ףտ
лл
뿪Ժһ۸գǡҲȳȥˡ
ȥʲôղؿˣС㲻𡭡
㰡ٻһ㰡سЦŸգ漴ѲĿռոˡ
ʲô˼ղͷȥ磬һ㲻˵ʲôģ
һЦŸ֡
ţںĴߣĿⱻԴϵİɫҪ˵ĵطȴֺŪʹжʹɡ
꣬ˡҲ𡣡ָ֣նǰķ˿ڵڷ˿֮µǳǳۼô¶˳
ϸĿŻῴǸǳɫӡǡ
ʲôһ㶡
ôһ˴աһɡϸյա
㡭ղΡΡؿڣȴ˵һľӡ
𣿡ԴԴڴϣɫЩ԰ףȴ¶Цݣˡ
ʲʲôնΪˡ
ȫˣȥЩ֣֮ʱ򣬸మʱ򣬻оյʱҶˡ
㡭롭롭˵һһŵĵ硭
šԡ
ţ涵ıס磬ܲôˡ
ڡϲĸأЦԽѾںĴˣѾȫˣⱾû壬ǡҪһ¸ա

մӺĻ̽ͷľȻĿϷʵ
ѵӦáΥ𡣡˵Ժֲһ䣬ϲʧĺ촽

̲ס˸ۡ
ʲôȫǹİѿƸʹء
Ҳٶԣ̧ͷ׼Ĵȥ
һжõʱ
ʱǣమʱǣиҲǣڡǧһ˹ȥԳеһеĴ˿̣͸ǡ
𰸰ɡ
һǽ󣬺֣Ÿյĺԣ˳ķ˿
ţ
տŹ⡣
ղĴ𰸣㲻֪𣿡
ң
Ȼͷ֪𣿡
ţ
ĬţŸյ˫ãŻؿڡ
ʧǰĺ磬ʧĺ磬ǡʧָֻмĺ磬ֻŸһˣֻᰮһˡҾĿʹۡǴ˶ãһ㣬һǻ޿ɾҩİ㡣

翴⻰Ժ˸ŵǣ𴽽ǡ
Ұ㡣
Ҳǡ
лҪ˵ţʼڳڳ
ھһͬĴ̼Ժ󣬻ָ˼䡣
оҲ㻵ɣ
˵һ¡
ǰ˵ڸ˵ľǺˡ
Ҳ˵ʧȥͻָĺ绹ǻ
ΪûйȥĺĹȥ飬ҲĲ
ǻָĺ磬е鶼Գ˵
Ƿֱ
հȫǻڸ鲿֣̬ϻзֱġ
ʧĺ磬վԵñȽϳ죬֮俴ƽȡ
Իָĺ磬ȻĳΪյˣռһȨ
ЩӦܴ⼸иܵһա
ϡ


247 һ
ԷǴγӳ, ˴һܵʱ, 껷, Ҳʵ𩡱, ϴڹݺۼԺ, ߣֻȿͥС
ͬʱ, ץĳ껷֮ͬһ, еλǮȴʧİͷ
, ܵӦĳͷ
Է糹װȫˡ
й˴µʱ䡣
ͺˡ
ǭZȼüԷ˵, ѵôһ˿á
ԼԵġԷЩ߷ߡ
ڻҪŹ, Ҳűô԰ǭZȼ
ôˣúõôˡ
ڼҺ͵ҽԺ, ͿŮੲݵʲô
Ҳ̫ˣСͲܵ, ҲûֹʲôŤ, Էϻǲű, ˵ǭZȼֻܸӹʲô˳Է˼ôܻҪء
һߣͷעֻʾĹ, ƺ﷢һж޹Ƶġ
ô°ŮҲȰȰߵԱߣҺõһߵϣ־;סĶ䡣
ӴʶػסԼĶ䣬ţ㰡ĶǳܰȫǱ̸˵˵ˡ۵飬ҡһˡҲﲻæ


ǭZȼԷ˶ΪĻͣϵĶ
̸˵ʲôġ⻰˵
ԼͬؽĿŵϡ
俴עӵĿ⣬˵ô£ʲôأ
裬СɲˣǭZȼҵɽƵģסֱָۣԷøľƵȣ㿴·գӲҪԼȥϴּ䡣
ޡ䶮ˣԷҪȥһ¡
ѹ˵ܲˡ
ôתͷǭZȼ
šҡȻǡС㣬һȥǭZȼͻȻǺ֧֧˵ôе߳ء
аɣȥɡˣɱˤˣҽ˵ˣ˵ֻŲŵصģ˿ûĴӦˡ
Էһ±ƣΪʲôô׾ٵľʹӦ˰ѵӦɫľܾ
ǭZȼҲһ𾪣ȻϣܹվһߵģɷĴӦʱе㡭¡
ʲôȥȥ˵ߴ򿪱±ʢһ
衭ҿԼȥԷŤŲǭZȼͬҪǡǭZȼȥϴּ䣬ֹô򵥡ҪޣǭZȼȥѿӲ
߳˺𡭡
ڵȷ㣬ȼȼȥҲá
˵öԡǭZȼõԷĹȣԼ֣ԼΪԹȣҪ
ԷΣֻôӦ
ʵϴּͲԶڲڡ
ˣվáǭZȼԷһ߽ϴּ䣬ͰԷ㷽ֵܶ࣬ĹȵݸԷ㣬
ԷͷŤһߣȥǭZȼȲ¿ӵĸоʱǭZȼ˿ʲô
ǭZȼԷĿ
ȻͰϡ
ˡԳȥˡĲһ϶ɱܸ߳С
ôУʲôꡭһҪ㴩ءǭZȼ˵⻰ʱرһ㿪Ц˼ûС
ŪԷãԼƵġ
ϴּڣˮԷҸطȥ
𣿡
ԷѾ߳ܵ˵ˣֻܵͷ
׼ǭZȼסԷʹһ
óֽԷšȻ󶪵ֽÿӣһƵģسԷЦЦ

ǭZȼЦݣԷáǭZȼе㲻һˡ
ϴּ⣬ڣŷҵװ˵ôôȻ
ûʲôó룬ͷרעķֱʢŮһȣֻǣԺ˻߲ˣҪչ˶Էģھ͵ǰǸһϵһºˡ
ţ˼ǡսĸǰ뿴ϵı飬ȷԼղû
ѵϣô𣿡
Ȼᰡô룬Ȼˡ
ûһǭZȼԷˣַԷ䣬ԷҲִļϰ뱧е㻥ĸоǭZȼ§Էֱصϡ
ɡ佫ݹȥ
˵˺ܾءԷǭZȼʼƷŷҵζǣͻȻ˵
ţǭZȼָ֪ʲô
ԷҲ̧ͷŷ䡣
Сĸļա
衭ʲôʱȥԷ֮дһ˿СҸһȥɡ
Ҳôˡɴ࡭һĵ֮ͬĸɣԺ󣬴ȼȼһһһȥпĸװɡ
裿һ˲䣬Է㼸ҪԼֻþˣȷ˵ĻǲǸ˼
ȻѾȼȼһˣѵӦôȥĸһô
衭Է㼸Ҫгϲãû˼˵
šֻ˵ͷѾԼŬѻ˵ֱһЩˣѾļˡ
ֿܣҲַʽϣǭZȼԷֿ
ΪĸףԷǭZȼǶͣҲʼĺӡ
ûǺӡ
Ե֪ǭZȼԷһˣ˷ֱԼͬжôŶԷʱЩֿ黰ڷȫЦ
ǶǺӣ֪ʲôа
Ůôһأ
ǣϵʵ̫࣬ʤö٣Ůˣֱ޷侲ǾֻԼ侲
ǭZȼԷˣΪһʱ嶯Ҳãֲô곯ϦദĸϵҲգ֮Է˵׳һʵ
ЩۿԷǭZȼ֮ıʡ
ᣬҲǳ嶯ҲûһԸá
㷽䲻Ը飬Ҳò֮ĸ飬ȷȷʵʵġǰ顣
ǭZȼΪԷڽͷʱֳľ䶼ܹıʹͬܡ
ÿÿճ֮УԷ㿴ǭZȼʱһ۾׵ĳ磬ǲʱ¶ᣬΧ˴ţǭZȼʵ
衭ǭZȼסˣȻһֱھõ̬ڷǷͬԷһ飬ֻ
졭ȴһƵģĬˡ
ɵŸʲôأȺڳڼСʱҺõģǽȫøҺȹˡ
ţ
ã
ԷǭZȼĵضһۣЦŴӦۿ֪ʱעˮ
֮
ԷĽϺˣ·µûˣһ˱ȥС
ڷһԷĸһЩԺǷ㽫ռǭZȼԷ㡣
裬СZԷԼĸǣԼֵǭZȼǷǰְֵŮҲϲˣһܾˡ
š裿ǭZȼƫͷԷȷĳƺǷʣԷͷԺЦЦԺҲСһܾõġҺϲҺܰһúñԲһίġ
ǭZȼ˵ԺϵĶճȭ۾ĬĬ˵ʲô
ԷվһԣעǭZȼרעĲ
롭ǴʲôʱϲǭZȼġ
ϸְǭZȼʱӦ֪ϲǭZȼʱɡ
˵ǿǭZȼģȷе˵ӦǭZȼһġ
˵ǭZȼǸرĴڣΪܻΧԼߣԼĿռ䡣
Щûи߹ǭZȼ֪ꡭһǼԺ󣬺ܿģҲſ־塣
ֱǭZȼԺĿ־
֪ǭZȼĵ᲻ʲôı䡣
ǭZȼĳȴ׸ı켣Լȫϡ
֪ʲôʱʼģһ˽ģȻ˵ǭZȼرĻôҲϣǭZȼ˵Ҳرġ
ԣֻǭZȼʱ͵͵ĺǭZȼ³ƺСZ
ðƺΪԷ㣬ĸС㡣
㣬Z
һС˼˭û˵
ֱǭZȼ˵ϲֻǺӵϷԣ˭ûиഺأԼǭZȼϵؿ˵ϲĻҲֻǺӵഺ궯޴йˡ
ֱһ죬֡㿿ϵشѯʹǭZȼ飬ǭZȼȤȻҡ
ʶԭǭZȼ㹻㵽ܹˣۣ磭
ٺΪԼ飬ԷڶЩЦɿŤ˵ӣȴۣڡſʼԼĸˡ
ӦǭZȼһ죬ǭZȼĵģԱ
ǵమȴעҪԺܶನۣĸ谭׵۹⣬ϰ
Է¹
ֱһ죬ǭZȼ״⣬ǭZȼʱأ룭ɫӵĽţǭZȼڼңЩҩȥҽԺ
ǭZȼϽʧȥЦݵԭ
Ҳһ̣Էʶųֱ˺ǭZȼҡøܡ
£ͬһ;Ժ飬ⷿͿʼϻؼʰ
ǸֻҪ߾ЦݵãΪų˽òˡ
ǲԷҪģҲԷԸ⿴ġ
ֱ죬ڳ֮Ĺϵ
Է㣬ܹǭZȼһˡ
ԴˣĴм
һУǭZȼİֲ
ǾעҪһģԡǲŻһôĲۡ
˵𣿡Է̿ĴյǭZȼĶʵһֱǭZȼߴߴĸԼĸŵʲô
šˡǭZȼͷҸŵˣһܺõģΪҵš
͡ԷЦˣȴûзƺ
ǭZȼҲ¶Цݣǣ֣Էĸһͬ뿪
ǻǣ֣ߵԶԶԺ


248 
һĵϾ, Լ˺һҿ¡
С, Щлл㡣Լǰһţ, һڡ
лʲô
ҸСշֿԺ, ڰæչ֪, Ҳǡһг˺ܶ˺ܶæ֪ģ磭, Щ, һ, ־ԼԼ֪
Ǹʱ䣬ջС, ҲæѧУ, ֮ǰҲ˽Ƕʱ䣬ĸգ͸ϾϵЩ, ﻹ̲סᡣ
һζôʹѰӰȴһĬĬҧ, ҪѧУ, Ҫչա
һܲù
ȥ, ѧ㡣Ҳܹ˿̵顣
ȥԺƱػĻΣôûлָʱ֪ȥһܵò˵ˣڻָ, ĵοֻ޼
ǹȥˡ
ͻȻ
ôһҹȥˣ־һϧź
ڸѺʹǶԼȴûߣΪеΡ
Ҫĸչ˵ǶʱԼȴûۼ֤ĳɳΪеź
װ׵˷ôЩʱ䣬ʵ˵ʵЩƽ⡣
ҾǡеŰɿܣڻָ˼֮󣬻ǻ̲סȥ롭ҪûзǳҸջգֻʲôء
ҸһڣһֱһĻһøҸġ
ѧǰɲϲ廳ȥ˰ǰĿȣһڡ
ȥĺ磬ǳģֻñȽá
ǰĺ磬;Ͷ֮䶼͸¶൱ĳ
Ǹı䡣
Ҳǹȥĺйĵط
޷ǺǻϾչǻɳġ
Ҳ˵ˣǰʱʧȥԺҾҵ˿հףԺҲǡܳһʱ䣬Ҷ֪ԼЩʲôҲ֪ԼӦЩʲôûĿ꣬ʼĪĿԼʧǶʱڵӡ
ȻְֻңܾáڿһɫʲôʲôҲ˵塣ҿΪңȴûа취ж·ദ׽
ǡǱʶġųôüʵ
ǰɡ
˵ͷ
ҲǸʱʼҿʼȥȥ飬ͼȥԺ֮пѾʧļ䣬ʼûʲôεҡҡͷԺ֮żһЩƬΣ˵ֻǡһֱԺǸ˵ĳࡣ
Ǳ˰ɣı֣̲ס̾䰢ѧһϣһ㶼û䡣
ʲôһ㰡
ǡʲôʱ򣬶գ¶ӡǺԸմδıϲ
𡭡ŤƲƲ죬ôá
Ѿǳ˺𡣡̲סź緭˸ۣ͵ƾʧȥԺȴǰ˸ոһ飬Ѿ㹻ˡǵġѾˣĻҿܾҪϹˡ
Цˣûз˵ţĺܰ
ô˵ٶҶԣҺܿģܹźֿ֣ģѧ㣬ӭ
ȻʧȥĺҲǺ磬˵չǲһġ
ûйȥͬľû͵ĻһϤĸоⲢ֮ѹϵָǰ׽
ָĺȫͬǿ׵Թȥ˴˶Ϥطʽ̸Ѹٽ״̬֮С
ţáҲЦס֡
ֺǰţһڡ
һСղȿȵİɡЦ
ţ˵Ҹղ߲ͣȻ֪Լҳҳǰңֻܺ׿ţ̡
ʵԼȿȵʱҲԼ˸һ𣬲Ծܾˡ
տǵͺæܹԼһȿȣһǴӰæ֮УʱģҡŸջָ䲻ã֮ǰһֱϣܹջָ䣬ˣ֮һкܶ໰˵
ȻǲԼҲڳվáӦ絥Ĺ˽Ŀռ
СѧáһġءЦ˵ڵ·𵱳ǻڸʱĳ
ʱȥĵСԼпվͻȥԷ
˸õøʲôƵģǸʱӡĿ֡
ֻϧһȥˡ
ǰԡ뵽˻֮У˵ʽȥһģһµ뵽ʲôЦ˵ԺпգԷǡСѧáม
һĨɫ漴̲סͷǵġױ
ֻЦſҲһĨɫ
廳ȥһֱˣҶ¶ˡ˵ţӰóһɫĺӡ
ʲôӹһ̣һֳĸоʵǸɫĺӺᡣ
ɡ΢΢һЦڵ㡭Ӧһ۾ܹ˰ɡ

ƳһۣһǸɫĺӡ
澲һԿס
ǡ
ҵԿס
֪һ۾ϳˡ
ǸһֱһסŵķӣǸװջһڵСӡ
ûôǾݺ֪ǣǸԼʧ󣬾ͱԼĸ׿ٵͼ۳ˣΪ˲Լȥһϵ
ˣˣǸա˵˲֧Ʊ֪ͼ۳֮ǰһסķӣ˵һҪȫĻ䣬Ұѳнף˲Űѷתص¡
ǡʲôʱᵽסǸȥģ罫һԿģĽĵ֮ů⡣
󡣡һͰᵽڵǸΪ˵Ǽ䷿ڹĺۼжζһʼΪи룬ɺˣ׿Ҳˣټؾʹ࣬˵Ҫÿ㶼ʹ࣬Ͱˡ

ڷӡ᲻ͰԿױ᲻Ǹطǿĵ׵˼ϡ˵ǲһȥһۡ̾һ԰ԭˣģжȥɨ֤һȾ
ллЩʹĵǧ˼ӿ
󣬺ЩŮ֮Ļ⣬ȻҲٲһɣ˲5Ž
濪ųſڽװעĿ֮£һĨϷʵЦݣк
浹̹ܶ࣬󷽵ĽܺĴ
ѧôȥûд绰߸ǵʱѾ˵˼ĵʵ
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