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ؼ֣ǣ磬  ǣˣ뿤  
һ仰飺Ůϸڹ


1 
ҵĴӣ궼ѾʮˣûףϵͷˣĸÿγԷҪ߶ÿγȥƶ˵Ǹġֻһ㶼
磬ԵúúõģֿʼĨĨˣǷһ˲ţĶðȻû״Ԫ
Ͷסˣ̧ͷͰ͵˵ĸ˵һòãⶼȥˡ
̫һֺϣⶼȥˣʮһ꿼״Ԫڶʮˣû䡣Ҫˡ
û˵ɶ˿һ˵أ˵ءˣֻһӣֲãûܸҿ֦ɢҶǲǹء
̫涵ĳһۣźе㲻˵һˣ˵˵㣬֪ȥƣҲץʱҸϱ˵Ϲͷ֪ˣɲ֮ǰδϱģ
˸æ͵˵ﻰȥǶΪ簡֮ǰ˵˸СҪϲĸҾȥȥô˵ġżҶСȻͷ˵㣬úÿ˵У䲻磻ҹŮͷ˰ɣ˼ҳòҵǧ۸ͷиͷҪòòզ˵ģ˵˼ƨСңǮҵСǸͷߡòáƨ̵ģ˵ңּܳҡ˵ôҪĸҹɫ绨񻹻ּҵȥ
磬˵ĸǲҪ̫ˡһ߳һ߿籧Թ
εЦЦҲܹĸҲҸõġ
תͷֶ̫ĸͱżҵĻˣҸ֤ʮ֮ǰһҵˡ
һٱ֤£ܴӲӳˡ
ȻǲҷˣΪͲжװ׵Ĺء룬ãҪǹҶʮû䣬ĸҪˡ
꣬Ҵ˺ͶͬʱүŻ˭¹ӣ˭
ΪһӲǻͬŮʵŹ˶ӣͻָŮݣļˡ˭֪绹û꣬Ҵ˾ƨˣҲûָݡ
־ţǾ͵ȶСʱٸСָݰɡ˭һҲҪˣһīôҲû޳
ɿˣһһ꣬ڡ
̾˿Ҳ֪Ǻá㱼ߵ̴ˡڳֵģΧ˺öˣæ˹ȥ
ǰһƣָһڵĹңǰҲ࣬ȰԼѸ˹
ȻС˵Ƿ˺£Ҫָһһ˵⣬һ£û˼˵ڵĹҡ˿Χ۵Ⱥڣ֣ʧʧ񣬵ˣҼ
˵Сһۣ˫ҾŹʵʧˣҼҵС˲£ﲻҪ黳ʲô˵ɣ롣
Įº͵ӳһ䡰ҵĴ;ֱ߽ݣҲ˼ҵͬ⣬ϱλãԼԼ˱衣
翴ҲǸɴˣһЩ棬ǳƶ˼ҵĹҲɴĽʲôѣ˰ɣĿǱˡ֪ʲôʲôܰġ
Ҳ˵ȺȲ裬һһ
Ҳﰵķţ
Ǻȵö˵㣬ȵļ˵㣬ȴʧҷ緶
˼ҽŮ¶ҪϸʣҪ˿ˣҲҪȣνŹ㣬ǰں󣬷Ϊɶŷ硣
ֻϻ˼ֹʹһƲ£ȻڲȥǷ䵭ŵʣѰ˼ҵŮᡣ
ҲӵܣȻ֮Щνʲôӣ˾ѧҲֻǶʩЧ򭣬龰֪Ѱ˼ҡ
ԾݣǼھһЩСģһֳͻ˭֪ɽҼææ˳ѣһֱֻܴһˡ˵⣬ϸĿ˿磬֪˵Ļûš
Ҽǵ·һѰֳʮС˲ͬ⣬Ҿ͵ߣ䡣
ǹһ΢Цһߵͷȫ֪˴λ湫ӣѷ£Խʲô˵˳
΢Цͷ渽ͣȴǺ˵ĻһλƯĹɽ׾ٵӳɽɲҪǮҲҪƯŮˣǮ´λƯ´οɾͲһˡ
ϸһ£ﲻؽ黳һ·ѣ˭˻ûѵʱأ֪ǷҪ°ﱨ
òáǲֳҲ˳Ѿȥˣ´Ҳȫڳе¥ջġϧ޷ģס¥ջ
üĿλһ˵˼ٻ֪鲻ǳɴû֪˵ʲôɽ飬һƬΰãǱʥϼνġϵҲ𴩣ֻǷԸС·һӸλ
¥ջƹʶȥɣڣǲ֮ģǮƲҲ¥ջˣһ˱á
û̫ı飬΢Цȴʮֻϲĵ
Ҿڴ˶лˣպһٱ𡣡
Ź̹Ȼӣѵ䶼ʩҲô
ˣţҲûҪʰһУҪ͹ȥ޷Ҫ¥˼һƯԣʵҪúò飬ɲܴ˻ˣΰ
˵Ҳʵڲùܵģ˭һֱǸأΪΪʵǳ˺ܶ
ٺù飬ȻԵõĺС˻ؼҵ·ϣ칫ûҪģе˹ܣǵС»òġ
δ̤ţͿǰɾģĵƵ󣬴
ѽСӣŻˡôˣְϷظһۣææߣ
㣬͵أܵҵСǧ𣬱С꣬һʮ
˵⣬С˵ǼҵСǧױܶģ˳ֺÿɵÿССˡ֪ۡ𹼸˶ҵĺ⡣
統п˵װǧﶥôҲŲ۲˵ˣԼȥôֿʼˡ
˵˵һľ֪ȥܣ˼ҼĹӶ¥Ժܣ㵹ã㲻ռ̻ϢǼŹ˵㣬Ҳܹĸһ˵ǲǡʹ磬һһ˵
ͻȻסţվŲת˵͸˵ҽܲӵõɡ
˺һСӣУҿ϶㣬ѽͱǰһ·ˡ
˵ţֺһӡֻΧʮʮˡ
˵˵׼ˣҪһ㣬Ҿˡ
Դ˵һ仰ֻǼߡ
Ź˵Ϊôľ㻹úõĸȥף̫˶ˡ
ɵֻè磬ĵ˵
ʲô˵ˣﰡô˻Сһѹְѵܵϵģô꣬ûһС檽


2 
Ҫ˵Сǧ𣬻ǳǣرһ˫۾㿴һ۾ǵ˺ƫƫˮѹ֣˸еˮ峺ˡ˵Ҳ˼άɼҲܶ顣
һϸ˺Сǧ죬̲סšһʱ䣬ĸЦ˺öˣϲﰡˣԼ鷳ˡ
ţֻϷ˵Ͻǰ
ͷ˫ۣ˿ĺܷЩ׵Ļˡ
û˵幫ǻҪȥæɣȥ·Ҳ١
ϲæ˵лˣȥʱ֪һҸƼʱ˵ġ
תһ߳Ϸһ߼ææĵ£ȥˣĸϢɡ

û߳һͱϷ˺ס
װʲô㣬ʲôʱʱæҹ
˵ţϷ֣黳ǼҷҼ棬һƯĹͲ֪롣
緭˸ۣĸ˵˵Ҳ̫ˡ
һЦ⣬סϷ˵Ļ˵幫ӴӲ̤̻֮أҹУɶôһλӦÿ乫ӡǸŮӲϣԼһһء
˵ţһۣԴߡ
ɵˣĸģ̸ˣ
Ϸ˹ЦɲǣҼҷһʵǷǳԺģţĸ㱣֤۸ġ
ղɵۣھ£Աһ仰Ҳ˵
װ
ˡȥİɣһϸǵ¡
Ϸ˿˿磬ߣ
ϽǼҵķ羰ǰЩӸո̨ͤ¥󣬷羰ðϽȥ
˵꣬һЦ˳ȥϱⰡ
˭˵ϱҲųӸƨּ̡ҵģⲻһ
Ϸ˸ߣɫûôãʵЩ̻أҶȥġôõĹҵʱˡ
ƫƫͷ΢΢һЦҲҽ
룬ֵҲɻ顣
Ц۲ϷȢңܲȢ𣿡
翴ĵǿӲ˵ҲȢ
ĸᱻġŸһ䣬Ƥ˵
ڶ˵䣬ӻŻææĴ˽ӣˣ¥ջĻ˵ȥǸˣѿջˡ
ʲôͬʱ
ϸĹ۲һ磬Ů˰ɡ
翴񣬾֪ˣҲͣ˵ʵǻ£ȥæˡ
ҲǸǿѾͷҪŪҪߡ
ֲֻôһȥ
˿ջһһ¥ȫһӡ
æ¥鿴һţֻһŶͷԼĹһһߡ
缱æܹȥ´ǹһŷ˵˵
һܰôණֵܣǶҰɡ
Ҳڵùһͨ߷ߵ˵ģߵǸ˴ġ
羭ѣŷǹ߻һˣﰵ룬ˣ˵°ɣһܣֶһˡ
ȳΪҪ㣬¥µС˵㾭ϷƯ
ûأǴ󺺻ŻŷôǵϷأ佱ĻôǵϷء
ҵ˴ģǿǳֵģﶼˣ˵ҲȳԲѷ
һ˾񣬿ɣǡµģܴˣͱ٣Լ
ǳһ磬ղ˵Ǳ˴ģӸһԲˣһ㶼°
Ǯ飬޹Ա˺˵
סһ̡𣿡
üͷš𣬡ȳԲѷġ
ֵЩòõˣƽǲѰģҪǵ棬Ҫˡ
ǵݵΰһܺãѵã
ҲҲǣЩֻϹ򣬿۱ԼúáˣƽϣԼ֮˳˼һĸʲôûУɹ㣬кܶණ
ţ˼ֵܷ֤ߵλӿһֱڹߣҹ
һ£˼幫ӷģպһõġ幫ӿǵҲȷʵԣФʱԼߣһűԼͲˡ
˰ֱ֣Ӷ˵Իͱˣùʹɡһֻع򲻹š
ѵһЦл幫ˣ鷳ˡ
һЦĴ˸⻹ǵһοЦأЦÿ
һã̾幫ӻѵһأȫ΢ѹڼҿ
ţҲʶԼҲûɶõĵģ˰ɡ
ҪţҪȥҼסɡ
ĽŲͣס˸ۣ幫ӻûˡҲˣſڿš
գգۣһͣסˣӲΪҵģңҲһùҵ
ü˳ߵˣôݣһǼھǲǿھֵģ
ţǷӦһ漴Цǣǲǻˡ
ŶȣϵĹӣ߿ı˵ôһͲǻˡ
Ͼ幫ҲĻӷΣɫŮˣǼ˲١
֣࣬ɹģͷһ۲żء
üȥǿ۽磬׻һֱҫǸأ˭֪ҲǸͽӡ
һˤ˳ȥ
ǿ˿ֿ˿һ磬ζĵ幫ӣҼǿھֵģ幫ھѾж˿ˡ
һǡںΪʲô
ǰ΢΢дЦ幫ѵǽŵϷҾܾˣ
ǺЦﰡ
ǽӻգһ֡
չҲЦңҸ˵ɣղλﰡĸ׵ģҸףֻþܾˡչģҾûеϷ֮⣬¸мչҡ
Ҳӻ΢ЦţֱֱĿ硣
ֵĿԷģҾûзǷ֮롣
ǻǲӻ΢Цţ硣
˵ģ¾ֵͽӡ
죬ֱ졣
һʲôҪ˵ﾡ˵ֻҪֲŬȥ
ĵ˵ͷҵӲˣղŶˣܲٽһ
סӵֶ˶ʶ˻һ찡Լͻ˶ˡ


3 
صϣôôԾԼչҲ죬һ춼ȥˣҲ֪չܻܲѹ
˶˵һǧΪˣԼ˼ҵָͷûأⲻ׻ô
һߣţФվһźţ£һӸǮ㿴һ۵ġ
ǵ۲ҲǸ幫ǰһҲû˭סηǸˡ
ǵ˵ߵĲˣФæϣ˵ˣҲȥǮȽģԺ˵ɡ
һ˺üڣǵͷ̾Ҳ˻ǲġ

Ҳ˻ǲģ幫ҪȻŰɡǵ
һۣƲ˻кóԣ
΢΢죬ͷҼҲ幫Ӽҵ󣬳ԹĶȻû幫Ӷ࣬ƲҾҲǺóˡ
簡ľˣ˵ҪæͨæҲͰˣҲǸˡ
磬ƫҪðˣʲôð
Ǽ粻˵Ȱ幫ӣ治Ҳ㣬˵ô
һϷæ˵ˣչ˵Ұ㣬ҷΡǱãһ飬İҲޡ
ɫһɵģûʲô飬ԱߵФŤˣȥˣƨΣҼСһ飿İ
һˣôˣһչ˵Ӧû԰ɣ
ǵ˵ͷĳ̶ֳ˵ǿԵġ
ʲô̶ȣФͬʱʵ
˿ڲ裬˵νĳ̶ȡ
ФЦĲԳ֣ǼҵʲôʱôĬˡ
һʹĵı飬չ˲ɣ˵ǲҰ㣬Ρ
ǿ磬ϵĵ˵ͷ
ǰɣ˵ӦӦñҡ
ֵ˵ͷӦõģʵû˰Ҳݲָо
ϲúúȱˣҪչ㲻̫࣬͹ؼʱ̿ҵúˡ
Ǻ޹գգۣ硣
ǺɸְôƯһôô
㿴Ҿ˵ҲǾܾ
ԴҪˡԼûϢĸʦ˵һؼҾдǻˡ
»Ǻ£ĸһŭ֮£ԼһµףݳﵫеҵĹһ飬ôһˡ
ǿ緳ӣģûôȤ˺ôȤˣ͵û
幫ӣҲòô꣬Ҳûʲô˵ģ㲻ϲȥһˡ
Ф⻰ǳ鶯һ£뿤׵ʱɲôοԼġ
һɥĿǣŮʵ̫ˣҶô˻ңѰġ
Ҷң̯֣˵
ǵĵûУ幫ӣ˵õģһΪڡ
ҲܣھҪҪòʹ¥ջȥ⻹ҸǸķء
¶˾ģһҪɣǮԺܲûǻأȰɵЩ׵˵
˼ԼĻȼϣչɣأ³֮Ҹǧ㿴ô
𵭵Ц⣬ǧ˾ΪǧȥЦȺŹ
Ҳ˼ģҲȷʵȥǮʱܱ¶ˡ
ðǷ²豭磬ʹĴӦˡһм
˵˵˵ֻҪٸӶӦ㡣һȵĳǡ
һǮ
ȻȻ
ţܺãǽ˵ڶǼҵʳסУҪ
ҲȻȻ
Фҽ¥ջǮ
Ǹһ˵꣬ФĲС㣬򲻿ɣһʲôҲߣΣհ
ͿФ˳ˣʲôΣգҿǷ緶֮ңҲǳΰõĵط˵ˣǻʲôΣա
Ф޺޵ĵΣգһҼСòɫô죿
緭˸ۣСȷʵòɲûˣҪּɫĵˣܵջɻ
ǳ˳ǶˣҲ
չģᷢκ飬ҵ˸㱣֤
ǳ˼һ幫ӣҵǲģ궼ʮˣΪλδɻ飿
ͣϸ룬ǻ١ˣپͲٰɡȻǰǰסʱ򣬻ػ
չأչ궼ʮˣҴһ꣬Ϊλδɻ鰡
һۣҲȹӣȢ޲ÿ檣Ҽˣ룬ҲȻҪúѡˡ
֪ͲԼסԼڹﱻźϰˣţҪĸëˡ
룬ʵǲģʹ󲻻ɱ˵˺ܶˣŻҪ˵Ѳ幫ҲǹңȻΪڻŤŤأ
һӱ˵˼û׼ãȻ֪Ŀǡ
ǵ˲ر任ɡȡ̾仯ɣѲŮӣϸ˿ֵ¶Ƥ⻬ϸ壬ȷʵӵļ
ֻһˣôŮء
ЦЦ
գ׼ˣڽǽܸҡ
ǰʵչ㱳㶼ס𣿡
ʮаյ˵ȻģǮƣȻҪ飬ԭһеġ
ĵ˵ͷ룬ֵչģдݣ³֮գٶǧ
üǵ䵽׬Ǯء
ȵһС֮ǵ׼ǰܣôҲ
Уͽӣ˵㣬û˵㶯ֶšüͷά΢ҧ
չⲻΪԵǱȽҼ˲ŻŰ
֣
չˣֻһֻһΣ²Ϊұ֤
˼һֱΪǺ߲ǣԻΣɣϱҲҪţҪ
һһ˸룬ֻǰ
˵Լ˸ĵŮˣձġɿǵģ󣬲̾ѹܰѷԳӡ
ӱôĶϱסǰͷ
üᣬ죬ž׵òѼѵõǴһĹ
ҼҷǺ۹Ⱑ˾Ŀ˾Ҳܱҵ
ǵҲ˱˿ֻǵĻصл˿佱
һǣԵʣҼҷôģôõġ
Ǻ籾ƺڣպʾֻһ磬о飬ս죬ߵ
ھǰ˭֪·˵޷ģʳ幫ӰңСŮӼ˰ˣ廧ˣԱȡسͣ幫ӲһδЩ㿶ҡ
ޣ˻Ȼĵ˵ͷҾ˵ǼҷһΣûŻôܿء
ǿЦ⡣
ܻôƽҲͰˣջ˽ҡ


4 
˵Ǻϲǣֲ˻ˣúÿϲ
Ϸ˿ɾͲΪˣǳ侲ķŮһѰ֮ģһ֮˵ǳҵļҵġ
ǣϷ˵˹
СǸʲôģôһŮӵš
ע⵽Ϸ˵ĵ⣬֪Ǵ̽Լļƭӡ
Ϸˣھǿƹݵġ˴˵³һõ廨ƣˣɿڣζڿоþòɢҸôǰѰŴؾݳһʡ
ͷĿɿڴһͨϹ˵õĿھͻء
ǰȷʵһ¾ƣݵ˶ҪطԭҲҷӵġ
ǼϷԼĻϹǵģûţŸĳˣ˭֪δݣͱ͵ˣҵ幫Ӱæ˰֮գѾȡǮ˹ӵǮ
һͨ˵ģڳǸи뷨˴ȻǵĻϷҲǰŰɣ˵Ѿ˷ǮҲûôĵˣүȻǲŵģΪǮƷѾ˼ˡ
磬᲻ϷѾǧղ˵ݵúãټǧڽȥĶ˼˵Ҳˡһգ۾ûǧʹĲ˵
Ƕı޶ã˭ͽӸղŸء
ѽѽ˼չﶼվôˣҲ˼һչһ𡣡˼û˽æԲֳ滰˵ˣƵʱء
ȻϷ˲ôˣչﰡҴȻҲˣôղһأôһԳԷ
ϷˣҺʹͷûǮ絣ˣɾ⣬ĶˣҺʹʳסг⡣
ǳһƮǰͷװЩε˵ϷˣҼҴӲ࣬ǿһңҲֻܶһ뾩ɽ·ԶƹҲ±ƭǮơ
Ϸ˲ôʵϵĹ޷޷ҲǵģͷȻãҲҵϱˣôôء
Ǹӳ˵ҼҴҵ󣬼˺öҵӡ
縸뵱꣬Ҽ޽ҵʱҴǼױʮ䡣ϷԼѾȥĴ磬ǣοƵ֣һô簡
Ϸϵõõ廨ƣֻõ廨ƹӦ٣ڿջգҲųһСϷôϵľͺء
СģԺ󰡣ôôõǮ⣬ǮҷҪ
ʲô羪еʲôûأǧûˣҪ
лʲôϷ˵һۡǮУֻҪܸϽӡˣʶˣѽҲץʱǰˡ
ǳȵĵǵ졣
Ϸ죬һ£Ҳͦõġ
˸ɴĵ첻ˣ»ҪץġǶűأղײգһԺɡһ£Ҫץʱס
ԵõĿ磬ûϵʱ·ˣ磬ɾͲˡ
ǣ˵Ĵ£ǵ˶֪Ҷʮ껹û׵磬¸Ҫɻˡ
紹ͷɥһԣҧгݵĵǣŮˡԼֻ˵æݳϷû˵зӵ¶ˡ
幫ӣ㲻Ӧûؼ춼ҪˡǷһҳ飬Ʒ˿õ廨ƣ˵
ʱϷȡ̳õ廨Ƹ˵ȹܰȣȡ̳̳㹻ȺܾˡҪװȥȻһɣõ廨Ƶطˡʵû뵽˷ׯҲҵġ
գǣ߷ȻĿ㿴Һġ
ôˣװ˿⡣ǵ͸źεĽ
㻹˵ûУ˶ʲôüıԹ
Ƿ飬ĵ
һͷ̯ϣôǺãôǺðȫǶ֪ҪˣҺ˭ס
룬ԼȷʵˣӦӦŻ£ɵʱԼҲûӦҲȷʵͦԲǵġ
߽ߣִ㰲οο磬ɵǣպûߵǣԹԵ˸ǣǵǡϡ
գգۣϸ˼һ£ְһ£ûȷʵŮ˵زͦġ
գգģץǵ֣󺰵ÿӣ
῿αϣµһƵᣬЦӺݻ󣺡Ůʲôأ˵ǲǣ๫
翴һĲ辡½ϣڵðһεĵ˭๫
ؼң˼ľԼĻ£һοӲˡ
ǰйһ뷨Ȣͨ˼ҵĹˣóԺúȵĹţ˶Ŀͨ˼ҵĹ˭Ըعء
ӸԼ⣬õõˡ
Ҹ¥ŮӣȢؼң
һ⣬СȥָԼϺ¥һǻģġܲǸԼɡ
絹Ҳʵֹۣתͷ˯ˡ
糿һţľ͵幫Ҫȥ·˰Сġ
ЦŻصǣҳȥתת
߳ûĵ幫ҪҪⰡҼҵɺˣ·˾ϲ
ЦŻصȥתתԼתת
ûͿôʺܺã̾Ǻ÷羰
һתֿڣ˵ģģС裬ӵģϲƷģˢˢ˵
ϣ幫ȥ·˰ɡ
幫ӵ·˳ÿ幫Ӻ۹Ⱑ
幫ӣǳӸ·˰ɡ
幫ӣ׼ǵҼϲҼҺء
幫ӣϲϲ

ɫתƣǼĻ£ôôʹȫ
˻ŵܵԼ̣һţС˺үٷ·
žһСͷϣڸˡүں
˶ñӹͷϣС̣߳ҪǸҹ߽¥ִȫˡ
ЦĲԳ֣Ӧúˣڶ㲻ˡ
Ʊһ㻹ЦңſԼĺ°ɡ
˵Ҳ֣ԭΪôɵֻһˣû뵽ӵҲôɡӿɶǹҰ
ȻƲסЦ⣬ûôң¥ܣ϶ᴫҲ١
ߣһҾͿôסЦҡ
磬ҿĹͦõģɴȢؼҰɡ
Ȣҧ˵ôҶǱģŮ̫ˡ
𣿡
һ䵭Ϥ룬Ȼ۾
㣬㣬ô¥һǣϡ
˵Ĵġǲ˵ţ˳Լһò衣
˵¥ʲôɵһǣ˸ӴŵҲУ
˵¥ˣӦù㡣
˵ô֪¥
˵ģ
Ҽſڣôܿ¥
˻ؼҵİ˵ġ
һԹĵʵҲ˵ȫǴ˶֪δ¥ˣ
üĿһϷӣû
Աߴҳһͬ帮¿˼ǣʱֻúڵţٸһѹչıͦñֱһЦ⣬ȴ֮ܲ⣬¥֮أԹԵƷ裬ԱȵСϱ
һͷײˣñģôһ֪Ұ
ǵǺܿÿˣмɡھݿֵطҪ
ΪԼˡ
絹ǺͬؼҲҪúܣԺأӣ˼ͷơҲǵһ۽
˿ڿˮǾ䰡
һͷƵĹǾȫˣ˭֪ҹǮκõġ˵õġõġõĶˡ


5 
δλ˵ȳԵᳪĳţĹ̰ɡ
һԭȨλﰡ׷Χߡ
翪ţ¥ﴦɼϷСĵŮӣϷĶͣŮŮǵǸӣֻҪ£˭еءȺҲǼöˡһ߾Χݺݺࡣ
类ⳡŭɿڴʱֻдЦԼ˵˾Ρ
粻֪ΪξαϵΣžôںһֲ˾ìܵġ
粻УһԱ֮£Χݺݺ඼ӹ֬׷һ㡣
ٻعȴǵٴЦ˼üĿԣһԲ
¥ͻȻһžǱײƵΧ鿴ֻʿӣȻ򣬲ϵǽײġ
üͷôˣ⼸նٱǵѲߣǰЩӼС죬˵Ǳ˴ʧˣչҵһңȥʲô
ǵıưԹԵĺȲ衣ÿҲ֪ǽıȻĻô˵ҲһܾⱩ¶ڴǰӷһǻ˵á
ǺÿüͷͻȻФĻ
ȻӲһ˸еģФûдȫûͦεģǿ˵ţӽӲҪĻչʾҿ
ҲܾݵΰˣҶݣڳãı顣ҡҡͷҿʲô
ӹ񣬸տһۣڵԭת˺üȦȦⲻǣⲻǣⲻФ
Ľ۵ݸǣǺ⣬ȴˣһϵͽǧ
ǽӹ񣬷һԣҲȥüӯӯǧҲ࣬幫»֮ʧֹǧ
ĴһǶݳǿɨأֹǧ֮ࡣǻˣҪƽǣ֮
Щ黹Ҫ˵ĺãңǵ֣ͬ㽲
ջǲȥˣФѾ¶ˣ罫ñӴͷϣֽǵ³£˳š
ֻһ۾תתȥҲûŪһ
Щж缴֪ԼǱ֮ͨˣҲûͽԼ͸ٸСģ˵ҲΪ˲ԼܵǣǻЩжﾹЩĵ׵ͷ
չ
һЩĿͷһ棬Ӧţ£
㿴ҽ㣬˵õĸǧѣܲˣ
ţһ漴ЦЦ磬ǸʡǮ˲š
һԵõһϴһϢһʮһ߲Ụ̄һ
ϢΪ󣿡
̧ͷֱ׳ĴҿðΣգ̽ϢôܲյĹһ㡣
֮ɫǺܻôءҲûӣܱˣջǲסˣٱȥ̲飬ֻʱסˡ
˻û꣬ںǣ綨һ£ǵҽţҳȥ
߳ţ˴ӽֿһֱФһżôˣûֶͨ
ФƵţ֪ʲôˣҼСء
ʲôˣһ𾪣㶼ͨˣҪˡ
Ф߽˻һ̣ĬĬؽŸʾݸ磬󲽲߽ͣš
ֻʾһдţФʮ壬˻Ѱ֮ǧ翴һ
ɻĴ˵ڶŸʾФռ֮׻ռСŮݸʧѰ֮ߣǧѰߣ
ҵ谡羪춼ϲˣڸղĵĸ֤ФǶˣ绹Űɡû뵽תۼһ֮Ůһ커
ţתСԽ֮ŮǿʱڲϵáдʾˣΪβдȫˣҪֿд
ٴȷ˸ʾϵĹӡһĵܽŹǵĴϡ
չ簧ԹĻȻı飬չסţҲǮġô࣬ôأһҪҵĺ⣬Ҫܾҡ
ѴФϢ˾ټ磬ղŽȻͬء
ﾡβסЦ⣬ǻһЦݣȻҾΪѽˣǵĻ鷿ɡ
鷿ϸһ£ԥԥǻɵĵҪȢң
ǷƵȴҪȢ𣿡
һƨɶڵϣӺң㲻ס
ҲԼ˽ģ뿤֮뿤ҲǰЩʱ׵ˣĸĸԴ˷ǳ⡣
Ф˵ʾд֮ŮǱѾʮֲáԼδӦŻ£ΪȢȻд֮ŮҪıλ
Ҳףûиͬ⣬ȻˣѲɸʸıˣҪԼ޸٣ΪԷһҪԼı
̱һֱֱ磬Ӻݵ壬йڣһЦ㣬Σ
Ÿո΢΢˻һ̱˵ϣǿҪ
ŵŵĵǿ𣿡
üĿȻüкڰ׷߷ֺǵӵĳǡ
ԡ
Σ
ǵ۾ƽ
㣬Σ
ʵ벻شҲ֪Ϊǣλ˶ʮĹӣֻһɰͰ͵Цݣֲãˡ
΢΢һЦȻȤĺأаĵˣӦúúء
СݹˣΪСĺӣԱΨһŮܾȫ˵۰Сܾ˳谮νҪ÷Ҫꡣϴܾܴ֮죬һֱڼﲻ
ԱһϢδ޲֮Ůǵӵĳھǹٸڡ
˻ɵǹʲô֤
ԱȻУлȫأµƺͻʺơ˵ƣͷɾʹˣȻʴ½ɽΪ˷ֹ˽ӡƣͬĻңʮλòԶüɽʯ죬һֻһʮ帱̫ӡһϷӡһʺӡһ̫һʣµĿɶֻܾҳ谮Ļӹǲõ
˵ǵ£Աͷͷǵ
ⳤһ˾ɼжܳ衣ʺ˻ʹܿ࣬Űһˡ
ô˵ˣ˸æʵǼҿԴǵľܾҶˣˣ˴ʱͬϷ˵˺꾫ʱҪȻϷҲ֪Ǽҷ˸ĵŮˣ˼ҹΪôǺá
˵Աҡҡͷⳤô궼ûףɼʼǶôϸΪѡ粻һ֮ӣϳ¡
Ա˵꣬˼˼ۣᣬɤ˵һºĻǲھˡ
ǲŲأǹһȻһֱϲ磬ֻҪŮܹԹԳԷ˵˵ĺûҷ԰Ը⡣
ȻϢһʹĶĵģ緹ˡ
лҪ˵дģлл֧֣ŬҪϰֻ࣬дҪȡһһϸ~~~


6 
Ҳϲ磬ֻǴСҪĶûеòģ֮׵ĸǶൽ̤ҵż˭֪˸ͷôܸء
˵ҲǣԴӸ֮ܳ󣬾һֱһ޷Ĵ״̬
ǣԭգŮˣһʼƭң̫ɶˡ߷ߵǡɲԼæǰæģ˼ȴ˵˭˭ܿġ
ʶľͰĲǻ׾ǹҪһˡ
ǣҪȢ;Ҳ˵ǵĳò绨ʵţòǾԵһһ˵Ҳƣ궼ôˣð츮ۡӵԼĲҵˣǻӰҪȢ˹ǿȡ֮֮ߵǮư
뵽⣬ͿĵĲ԰ΣЦ˳
Цʲô
ԹԵ룬Ȼͱˣ뷢𣬼֮󣬱˻˵ϣⲻҵǧСͷݹٺᰡ
һΪʲôСȥľȥģ˵껹һۡ
ΣСӻԼ̼һҼҿɲģʱᰡĿأأڶžԭα¶ˡ
Ǳһί˵ҺĿ㣿ҪȥҼƭĵһΪʲô˾ӡ˵ţˣŭŭĽȻصؿϣҶƭӡ
̲סЦСȻ˵㣬ɻǺܿɰ
ɤӣʫһ㣺ԴŸ磬Ӵ˼ʶûĺѡ٣̧̧ͷʾѵСдģ
̧ͷһۣǱСдģҪΣ
дģΪνջ
⡣ŤŤӣͷ硣־ԼΪЩţ㽾ĵСǿôѹģ㶺ֵġ
΢΢һ٣ϸ룬ʮֲ⣺ΪҪѹ
ЦţδǳΪ޸㣿
統ʮˣͲСˣ۵ôСǳôáҲԸ׼ߡ
ʮֲϲ˺վǰȥв磬ҽ׼úø㣬ѹģҲЦġʮϵ硣
̧ͷ쳤Хһͦˣܶ鶼ûףƫƫʱ˾
ǣҲô˵ˣ˾
ûϵƽϣί˫ۺᣬ׹£ȴֹۿԳһ˳ȥ
ʵûסЦΪСжء
ȥ˹ٸһʱ⣬һȥȻͲҵˣ⹦Ͱֲͷϡ
ʱ˿̣ݴʷΪ׼ĸۡˣ˵ǸۡһԺΪĵ˸ӣΪ׼ĺءǸԺӻԺӲСһѵˣػصĿɳֹͷˡ
ŶȥϣһƷŲһʵ
ǣȥΣһοΪǳˣſڵһʱŽŲ鿴ǵĶûˣ˸ھ˸
ǸӡǷ²豭ָȴԾڲ豭绹ǲϲ鲻ϲ˼Լڣ֪ݵλҲԸ֪ԼǹԼܵۡȥѵΪȺ˸ҵ˹
룬ȴɵô磬ſڵһʱ뵽⣬΢΢ü簡һû׷ԣ̼֮ңôôء
ǵ¸Фѯһ䣬ȴϵûеõκλظ̧ͷһǲ֪ԼˣǰһԴظǵ¸
ţǻع˼һڵ֪ͨŴˣȥ帮ү
үФɻȴǲɫѵ£ϻ֪أĵĳƺүǲЩס
ǼıóѵЦǸã췹ˣҲҺΡ
ǡФֻܽǹˣȻʲôҪӹģǻĹҲģǹǳĻ̡
ԭǵ˼ǣ֪ͨ
Ŵ˲ôģ밡⹫ҹӻûףѾƺˣһ幫Ӱѹ˰˵Ѿ̥ˡĳһҪùܵҵ˶غ;ء
ţʷ˾һ¡ص̣ǰ쿪·мһ̧Ĵӣϲģ˰ǰŴ˴˴ıĶӲǸ˻ʵӲͷ
ΧȺ۷׷ף
幫ȥˣ
ȥˣ˵أûŴ˶֪ͨ
ԲӣûŴһ˵϶и档
Ƕ˵ˣҿǻˣ幫һºҪ빫ˣŮˡ
ûȴ꣬ͼŴſڴүظ󲶿Ÿߺүظ
Զڸûл
ֻ̫һѱһᣬǶԩˣô겻Ҷԭǵ꾩ݿƿ֮ʱ˹һֱڵȹء
ҲǱôΰİ£ж棬ǿɲǷȥԼˣǾʯέʯƣέ˿
ΧȺǷ׷״̣һʱ֮䣬ΰİ´ݳǡ
ηλ⣬ϧǧѰ幫ӿƿ޺Ϊʵǿɸ
ȫű̧˻Σʱ̫һҪ͹úùӰпջ̡
ŴԱ߲Ϸˣİɣ幫Ӱݣˣ
Ŵ˷ǳ˵˵һиûɷ飬ҲǺܹ¿ġ
~ոջ˵ٴα׹ɢˡ
ʲôУǱǻ
»һ˾ɻ󣬿ŴǷǳɴ࣬һݣǰȥ֪ͨ˵ү̫ڻ빫̽һ¡
ǾһţĪվһʱ֣׼磬Ĵ󷢵ȥ硣
ǣΧȺٴοȻµһĻ
үףĴ֣ǰӭӣֻɾ
ʱǡܸģû뵽·̫ˣ˶뿴ݳֵ飬պҲĵʱռϷ硣һŴ·ϱ˹˹ȥһֱӲŤŤ߳˲һķ羰
ǵĳڴп˰ʱ
ǶôⰡ
İһоٵ״Ԫдһƪ£רŸ̳ү⣬ϿڣһǴ⣺
޲ʷ˫Ϭһͨ
ߣ״ԪɵУһ˿Ľζ
棬ûãλ½״ԪɣӭȢ˴ѵ幫ú⡣
ȻˣһˣҲᡣ


7 
ǺǵФĻǴģԼӶˡ
磬һ۵ӣͰ͵ĵҪǱ֪ˣ᲻ɱҰ
ǵһЦȴǹ˻ǣֻҪԹᱣġ
~籣۵ӣʵⲻ˹֮
ǰͲأ֮ǰ粻Ըðգ˭֪ôһ֣Ҳûвϵˡ
ڹʲôģ֮ԼںֻҪܴԼĿģκ鶼ǿõģСʱҳԱ̻ġ
磬ѾˣҲû취ȢӣԼףȰԼҲһǼҵļҵҲͲǷʲôˡ
ԴϷʵĵᣬѵĹ׵Ķȥˡ
ٴαϴˢۣһΪ䴫أû뵽װ
˶٣ּ˵ǲǱ˼ҵԼİײˣԼҪŰײˣ
ͷѵ¶һƤӣǰˣ㻹Ҫðײ˱ϹϾء
òң̲סһµĳ뵽ô궼δɻ飬Ϊһѵװɡ
һ룬ԼͷϺһƬ͵ĴԭȻ˵ԼֻǸ˲֪
װ·ɨһ磬ɫ֪ʲôҲȥͣ΢΢ǡ
˵ϢͨÿԺֿɺǸŮӲܱӵܵ幫ˡ
ĳ죬컹δǾͱ˴ӴϽ˵幫ˡֻ߽һȺˣˢˢĺݼ
ΣôСܶͶٿ·Ҳһƽܶ;ͶͣҪиͷζţǼ޲ȥˡ
ʽ~μǣæǵĸ첲ʽ~ôһôءҿ˵ѡˣϲġ
΢΢𣬡ҵԼϲɡ
ߣνһǵĸ첲ҡʽ㣬Ҽɣһ·϶겻ĳϵˣǶôӢѾȲˡ
һߵ磬˻΢΢˼幫ֱǸƣҪ͵ڵ·ǸׯŵĹ¥Ļ
Ȼע⵽˺ĶεҲûжôӢ
ǾǲŻඡμʵ
ҲûС
Ǿ书ǿ
ҲûС
Ҷˣһǹǣıı˰ɡ
΢΢һȣҲûС
һͻȻЦûʽϲϵˣһĿ࣬һʮ
΢΢תͷ磬ɴ˵ҲûС
˳ǵע⵽һֱվһ߹磬ԥĵλү
Ͳô˵ˣһҵĻᣬվɴĻصǡ˳һǡ
ţν˺üͷû취Ҳ֪ô䰡
ǿ˿һŭ磬΢΢Цţ޲ȴе£䲻ǿȴоģıȴʶԻ֪
⻰һڳͷȻûһ죬ִˣ幫ϲٰѣάүŭ幫
Чִ˲пͷųκ磬˶⡣
ôô˵ءô޲ıˡһط˵Ϊ˶Ŀ˯һ䷿ˣ˯˯¡
һӣΪλʽѡһλҲǰ㿪ʵΪΰʽ㣬úð
طӦܿ죬ߡ
Ŀ磬ôԱ˵һҲ˼ұȡ
ߣһľߵ֮ɫ⡣
һϷı飬ԹԵ̲裬ҲβǺ۸ģҲʲôƢ
οŶ˷򳪸棬ʽһҲûа˼΢΢ȹڣĵЦ⣬ߵߣһֻһֻס°ͣ˫˫ۣöίΪεһͶҶԶﰡ
ʿˮ彩ֱһҲҶֻŵһ˱ǣȴȴ֪Ϊܾòϲ
ǵ񽥽εĹǼģ˵ͷ࣬ǵþɳɱϵİ׽ҲԵȥôǾݵĴٹһȢÿ˶һ׷
˵ġͰײ˵Ĺ¡ʣЩνŹ壬Ȣײˣɶ޲һðײ˵ķ飬һ̣һֻϷ˼Ұײ˵
翴ǵķȻ֪Ǵʱ˿̵ı飬ֻǼĳǻȾҡ
ĺ䵭ȥȴ磬ֻǶΰǳĵǲǼ̾ظ
欵ʱſ磬װµĻصλϣʽСҿЦ
ϵĺڻĸоȷʵܺãܲ𰡡ʵǲǽ֮ˣﰵһӣŮ˶ʲôˣڵһ£˰˵꣬ҲηӦžͳȥˡ
ȥıӰҡҡͷ˵ʽ濴ˡɲʲô£ؾܶԸȺү
ǱͲ뽫ʵߵˣӦǲġ
ãǵҲôɷھ㡣
΢΢һЦг֮ɫⲻǻ
δ˸˵ʹУ˭εǾ͵ͷһλˣʽ
ҪıְǾݺԪǺ˵ƿԪй١ֳ°ͣĵ
һƣĵã֪ͲˣСʵʽҪҸԪͨͨýıһְٰ
ǵĵȻȥƿֻҪǰ׾ˡ
ۣμֱҪˣʽ㣬㻹˵ȥԪһأҿҲֻܴĿˡ
¶һ˿ЦǾͻˡ
ʽ~ξͲǵĹϺˣʽ㣬ôôңҺôҲð
ƽεͷһ治¶˿ƣЦŶʽҸͿ
ο˫޹ֻһưԼĻǰӹʱӻˣ߸֪ˣ߱ˤȶУֻҪôС


8 
ݣ
ѾҪˣϵǸ˽϶ݿƿӣһҪסСһʮˣ޳Уһ麱񣬻ⲽŰϵ˵
ӸҲûã޸ˣôסء
ĵסҲҪȢ˳ǼаһԺɾʹ£Ҫųء
˵ͷüĿȴһ˿ԥ֮ɫСһ𳤴ľôǣЩĲ̵ģοٶҲЩ棬òȢҲȫǸҪȢΪޡ
û˶Ķ뿤١
ǵΨһһλڵʵ۵ǻ죬ʳԼĵܵ˻λھıһ·Ͼݣνҡ
ڹ뾩ݵǰһԼ˱˵ʱʵ֣ƽϢңҲ˱ΪȨ죬ձȨֻû֪Ϊڹؼʱ̱
꣬ʵ۵ĳѾ㹻ӲˣʼԹ߸Ĵ֣ҲɷصؾݣȨ˱˺ܶࡣ
ʮǰѾԤ뵽н죬ԼȥصʱԼĵճͽʹһûʵ۷ģҲö̫ӹ׽һ
ԹŹ߸³ֻһųնǶȢ˻ʵ۵ĹʵҲԼ飬ֻҪڣ²ܶɽڣΪʲôǳ
һʮλҵǣλڸճûʱزˣֻʣ˳ǡ誡幫Ρճϡ˹պŹʮı
޸˵ةĵճӣŹһʮ걾ȢһֱӮ²ܵãȢ˹Ȼ檣ǶȻԼճġʮǻ׵ĺӣ꣬ǵȲˡ幫Ͱ˹൱ҲʺȢ̻֮أκʵڲȢؼҡ
ƣֻǺʡȢǴδξܾϻʺԸǿϵ˽ա˼ȢѲִţ˻ӶˣԼҵĵճӽѾʮˣδɻ顣
뵽⣬¶׹⣬ֻǣԣǸʲô̵˳綼Ȼκ˵·ȢǻʵƼơ
Զߵ˿ûʶΣĵǵ档
ôķ羰ɡױƵļüŪ˵⻹ûȫأٹһЩʱգһƬ죬ǲŽһء
ǿ˿ܣǻϲûôһƬסһƬϼסСһתתȥĿ
㿴תеȴǰ龰ۡǵﲻ䵭֮ɫϲ֮飬Ҳٹԣ幫˵˵ȥһһƬҶһߣϦ͸ï֦Ҷǵļ򣬴ϡ
ԿǳĽëڲסȶ뵽˿̵ĹǶôЩҶöô͵ͬ幫˵
֪ΪΣԼ񴭲ˣͺܲ͸ϣҲڣͨͨţ촽
תպöƺĿ⣬һסˡǸĿϤú÷򾭳Ŀű˴ˡ
һסˣȫȻû뵽ǻתͻȻͺ¶ԼѾõһ֪˵ʲôá
磡쵰ԭ⡣ĴӲԶһԴ۵
һûã֡Ǳһɫô
ԶڱϣûпǺˣ߽֮ŷ֣Ȼү͹һ棬ŷһ£֪Լﲻ£ĬĬĶ˸Ҳٴˡ
һͷˮỹڼǳɣǰִļϵι㲻ôСİɡ˻ǳء
ԼּˣҴˣ˵Ҳˡ
˸ۣȷʵЩأĶߣЩ̵˵˭Һ˭֪үйΪС
һصǰ֪ͺãڿﲻˡ
㣡ָָ磬Ϊ̼һܼ˭֪绹ǸСóȻ
ߣ˶ţԹԵܵһȥˡȨǲ繫´󣬿ҲģһôҲᱻ˵Сɡ磬ǻá
ο⣬һԣǽС˰ɣǳԴˡ
Сպڳ뷴δü˵˭ľ˰ûûƤģ˭ܿ
ϣҡҡͷⲽ߽ߣ۲ǳܣȴԳһֵӣСƢܴ󰡡˵һʽҲûûƤģүˡ
һŻˣʽ㣿ǲ˵վǰҲǹˡ磬һ˲Լ˵ùѹǰɣߡ
ȥֲңʱܹ裬Ҳڳứľ˳ȥ
Ҳû뵽ôһΣԶĹ۸СŮһ
һ֮ɫԼȥСѾͷǺƢһ˿ءԼүˣԼ˲ǰԼһؾϷȥˣԼ˱Ϊô죿ɽ߻ʵԶģҲܲ˰ǹ繫ܰʲôءһ뵽⣬׷˳ȥźúðһ
Ա߼֤ọ̈̄ʶ֪˼ҵŮױ谮ˣĵز˵⼤ЩҲȥνҲԼ־УҲһǰ䵭ġ
Ǽ޿˳ȥһ仰Ҳû˵׷ȥȴЩˡȴҲֻԼô׷˳ȥǶԼ𣬲ĵȻӦõġ
һȻĿǵЩ仯ԼķЩӣûͻʽκܵľٶ˵洫ˣͲŻʽİĽģҲ뵽ǴʲôЭ飬ݻѡȴеˣԼǲͨĻʽнİɿӣԼһʽ񲢲̫ԼⰡ
ξˣҪһԼĻʽ㣬Լģ׷ԼҸڽ£ҲԽˣûǰס


9 
Ҫ˵ܵĻͦ죬绹治׷ϡ
С㣬ˣ˿Ϊ۸ءڵϣ˵ˣƽʱؼʱ̻治С
˲ᣬŲҪͽǰأӲĵ˭ҵģŲҺ񡣡
ǷǳˣˣôҲҪСӺͽ⣬ȻԺϿд鷳ˣͽģ˵ԩ޳ģ϶Ÿɰǲǣǿ
ͷżʯصתѣҲǺðɣ˵ôѣ
ʲô绹ΪԼˣôѣ̫ѻشˣǿһȥȺС裬Сʫʸ踳˵ǲǡ
վǻ˹ˣԼٿ̾ð
ͬĵ˵ͷǺðɣԺͲҶŸˡ
ǣ﷭˸ۣĸҺѾͷŸɰԼû·ҪԼףһ˸ţƤ
߰ɡһ磬ֱǰȥ
ȥĶ
ողԼ˵ȥȺС裬Сʫʸ踳СƢˣĺһԸ֮ɫԼƢ˵ȥȥ
һҺȥˣͱҳˣвУҾͲȥˡ
ţͷȴʮֻϲԸ綷죬Ҳÿġ
磬㶼˶ˣôûһԺָʵ
ҡָָԼţҿǧﲻľ㶮ʲôССѾͷ
ҲŲأͷˡ˵̯ھϣǺǵЦţһԺһѵĵ
¥᷿ԵļˣһЦ绨һ˪
ʽ㣬治ˣںȥֱȥڿջϢˡϷŪпϣž˵
Į͸һɱֻзƣ׷ȥûˣ춼ҲûظҪ÷ҪɢɢģԼ»濴ôõĻءҲ룬ﴫô죬ԼɶôᰡʱԼļƻôС
βòҲ֪ʽ϶һʲôȱļƻˡԼĻʽ㾿ʲôʱʶں˵ءκһ
ȥֻһŰµĹӣߵߣūŷԸһūűš
˳ǰЩһһȹӣҲæȥˣһƵĿϷ
ôˣӣǿģ˵һͬ¡һ߷һ߿
ӿǰĽ֪ʱѾյǵļϣѾʵزǷȥһƬôɫ
΢΢һЦΣ·ãϷŪú֮ⲻھưô빴
֪˵Ǽ٣Ի棬Ҳ⣬ָǵһǵϴȦȦгջǵĶߣʽԸ⣬Ȼϲʽ㳤ô׽㣬ÿһء
Ƿ糺죬һƿΣϵԼҲ˵׽ã㲻ǣŮŮ֮ô¡
Ϊβܣγǵļ򣬽°Ϳļϣʽ㶼ţȻˣ£֮䣬ŮŮ֮䣬еǹء
ŭİһۣͷ˵
ô˵ʽ㲻ţǱԩһ֧ӣʽǲţҲȥ̽̽ʵء
Ҳη壺һΪ
治侹£ʹ֮ȻŮŮ֮ǲįĴţֱô꣬δһҲ˱Żʹеļįˡ
εһ˿Ц⣬գʽ͸֪ԼǶôĹªˡһ뵽ߵĻʽӣξ̲סϲ
ߣ֣ؼȥˡӴ˵ĵվվȣˤ˵ϡ
¥ţüͷҲ̫ɫˣŹҲ֪һ硣¥Ҳȥ磬ֻǶѾʹ˸ɫѾǰ硣
ҲڣպҲֻȥˡӵҾʩ
Ͱֹˡ촽
·ģѾ֪ͨңӦ
ţǲĵĵ˵ͷֺ˼䣬ͻظˡ
Ѿʱ䵭ĳԵүȶˣ˯񷿣Ѿơ˵꣬Ҳ˵ķӦԹԵĻطˡ
ɵҲй¶ǻФ׼κ˽ӽ
綼Ѿڲ˯ûˣûصңҵ˵ˣֻƫƫȥﺰš磬ȣС㡱ӵвһ˿֮ɫ
ϲ簡סıӣ
˭˵ϲģҲûأر۸ҡھƾ£Եýޱȡ
΢΢ͷüۼȴһ˿ɬ㵱治ȥ
ȥҡҡλε֡
˼Ƭ̣ͷҵ˵Сζȥڸڿջסһסɣ糿ӻȥ
⡭ҵ໥һΪѣֹӣСǳ˵⣬ҲֹסүҪˡ
ӵ˵ͷεĵֻܰϻȥˡ
ĸ첲Сһߣ󺰴У˷׷תͷ
û취˻֣ʾ֣ͣˣҼҸۡڲԶɣǷģ׵Ʒݳ˽֪Ȼŷ顣
ǿΣ
ҵǣ໥֮ȥַݳǵĴˣҲǸˣүȥַһֹӣּҩ̷ƽʩҩβˣ˭ииֵģַܻŵ㣬ݳ˳ޡ
һ˵ˣҵлֹӣֻҵҲסֹӼңҼСȥ֪㡣
ӵͷȻ㡣
ϽָҲϢһˣҶ˯̫죬ȴû˵üҹĵǱķ䡣
糿һصʱ绹˯СһƬʱ绹˯С
ôҲ벻ף˯žôô
ǵֻǰš˯񷿺˯ʲô𣿶ϰ˵Ȼһҹˡ


10 
ϺѽϢĳǵ
һ֪̾ˣˣԼܳȥȻƱץ˸УһŹԼģ϶ҪԼ
̧ͷ˿һɾ磬Ц֮ǰȥݸ軻·ӻǺ˯һϲҲûó԰
ٺ٣һĵЦ˫ֵͷֱϣǰΪʾҶԹľ֮飬ҪǴãһǴ󲻾
΢΢ӡ
Ȼңϴɾˣšקãֲ䴥Ǹʵز
࣬ȵѸ˦ӡ
ǺǣڨЦָǼ⣬ΣֲǹģСģ˭ҵģ˵֮ǰҵء
ЦЦø磬ռˣͷԼĴɫ
ͽӡüҧԼǹڷˣʶĻ죬Լ֣ɼǶô֮ˣã˴ξǱˣǳƽ
˵ţָĸ˸ǰҪƽԼģ˵ҲԣҶŮοԼ֮ǰҲСȴ֪أ˼Ʈҹ幫ĳ棬һƬ糺졣
һߵ죬ҪЦţزǺϵİ
ǵһۣɫЩʱգ＾ƿˣЩӾͱˣĵڸ϶ʥ飬׼ƿɡ
һܣƽϲľǶˡ
ûķƿ˰ɣ˵˷ʱ䡣
üĿӯӯҲаҪһӣʿںӵķϲɱġ
˫ֱֽڿУ˵Ļ˶ùϺӿɱȥμӿƿ׶ˣҲΪ
ˣһùɡ
Ǻĵ˵ͷвǰףҪͷġ
ʲôػǸڽԼ
룬ָָ󿪣ǰҡΣһ㣡
һ͡
ǣҴ٣Ҹ㣬ҼٰѾкЩʱˣЩҶܹܼ⣬Ұһĥ˵飬㷨ÿҪǰЩͲˣӽ쿪ʼˡ
ߣԲѡȵôǸǮգôҲǸǮ˼ҵĹӣһ쵽ۿѵģôҲǸʳĹӸ磬ôǮġ
һ棬֪ˣҵ׬ģҲʡģҪҵĺһ㡣ɻָݳ֮أһҪԼһ㣬Ӷඪ˰
΢̣üϸз飬Ц˱ˣȻӣ
翴ֱۣһ˫ڹε۾͸ڹԣһʫһЦɫǹǸӣ󹬶ҪȥԼһŮ˶ǺÿЦÿӦöЦЦ
ǵһ£ֱȵ˻ȴʮ泩СŮ֪Լÿ
˵գΰ˦˦ӣǱŤĵϽ飬ʧˣΨʡ˵꣬ϲõĳš
ãĿһϵľٶ̾ƢⰡͻȻԼǽƻȻת˻⡣ۣһ
ڳҪ˵ˣɵ
飬ʮֱԼ֮Ҳôˣǲᣬֱ̫ˣֱͲǶǿϡ
СǣǲӦóȥתת۾һת飬Űͯ
ɹ˵ȥͿҪƿˣӦúúö顣ͯȻĻصòԵ̧̧ͷҲû硣
ŵĵҾȥҪһȥɣٻ顣˵˵ν
ȻСͷ룬ͬ˵үкüûˡ
ǿɲǣ빫һղﰡҶû˼ˡôߣŲæҵںгϣ
СЦһЦУ˵ˣүܳš
йˣСǻ״򲻶ԼʲôܸԼһھˡ
Сǣڹˡͷʼ׽
ţԼˡ
ˣ˰㾭𣿡
ڸϣǾ뿤
սһת뿤ǹ˾ٴ
Сһ𾪵磬үҲ̫ˣⶼ̹Ȼ˵ڣǲǾҲ֪뿤ȷʵȥҹҾһţ뿤˵Сʮֺóԡ
˻ֻзƣǣҸ㵱ţ˵СһˣԷ޲øʮǧôϲ뿤ﲻ޸
Сǿ˼һүҲҪ룬СģҲԳģ뿤䰮ĽɹЩ궼ûӦ޸ˡ
˸ƨаǼҹٺϷأأһ뵽͸ˣԼܻˣȻԼộԼÿԼ
뵽⣬Ҳʲô鲻ˣҲ˸ŵʱˣҪȥ͹š
СǼæվү˵˸͹
û˵꣬ѾԿ˳ȥΣСֻýظߣҪǶԼɾʹˡ
أֻ۵һ±߿ˣһŭ߽һߣҲ¾Ϳʼԡ
ο˿ǣգգۣʡʽˡ
ҡҡͷʾԼ£ǿʵˣ
͵˵أ׼˻죬ŭ˵ˡ
ǺЦ˳糿׼ʲôˣԵĻ
һ£Цö漴ӦԼֻعɲܰݵʯȹ¡ҲشǵĻֱֱֻĿһѲˣǵĿһ̲ǰһ̲˶˵Լǰ
ǵĿڿУҲǲҲǣĶˡǣٽǵĿһ̲ʱһ˶ߡ
ģ́磬һ̲ˣȻһ̲ˡ
μһٶּԼʽԱӣйЦȴװĳҶˣܳ𣿡
ˣԼǰĲ˶ƵǰһЦ԰ɣ㡣
κǵһۣζĳ


11 
Ƿ¿ӣ˼Լûеɡ
ҪԵģͷֱǣôˣη塣
Ƭ̣ޱ飬ЩˣԵóʲô
ƣʲôף֪ףҪġ
ۣһڷϣʲôүװɰȻΪҪԻʽĵġҪԻʽˣ̣ԸƵõôǸ˰ɡ
ǵĺһȦܿƽô֪һġ
Сǵָսˣүǧܳ
ɨһСǣ죬ǵĵμġ
ǣµĿ磬ȴʮѲգ۵ģǵϹϹôܸ״ԪҾ͸ȥɡ
˵꣬׼ųأžһ˾վǣ̫ˣǸٸ״ԪôģôģǮҲңҲοҡ
ǵ촽˶û˵һ仰ʲôʱˣô˵ҲõĹġ
翴ֻĬһУ߷ַŭֳĵߣɴֱٵǸáѹֵһμ棬˵Լǣԭһʼ˷ҵա
û˵΢΢죬Ļй¶һ˿ϲֻоӿ
ֲ˵ϵıתתףʷ׳ʣŭߺߺߡת뿪š
ʲôתǰļ̲˶ˣǣ૵ͲԣԽϲԽԣŰҡ
ûסһЦˣϸ㷢ôΪûǮûġ
ֿˣǾù࿵ĵСŲ˲֪ôǺãԼŹôЦأҪڲҰɡ
Ǹ˵ͷһתע⵽һֱԱ߿ϷΣ鵭ûûꣿ
Ц˵ˣˣʽͽǼùҡ
ǻߡһЦŭ
ߣߣʵǲ˼ʽͽˣˡ
飿Ǻͬʱ˴ˣ֮飿ǲܵĺðɣǶŮˣôܵء
ĵΪûģԴǮⲻǵ飬Ǹһء
룺ô͹飬ǴĹãָġ
и룬ȴԾرܿ˶Է˫ۡ
˼ǰ˼Ѳ˷ϣ˰Ҳû˵ʲô˰־˳ȥ
һԽ죬ҳ˳ȥŵôôߣСһ
ͷɨһԼĻʽ㣬Ŀɿڴֻ࣬üĿߡ
ҹÿҪ˯Ǻ磬ǰĸ˯˹ȥǸи˼
οһֱûǣҪͻʽȥ֤ŮŮ֮ǵ£üˣǴˣε˺ݻҲֻȥˡ
˼Ҷ˵˵˵ľǣô˵ٲã͸һı飬㻰һҺε˼
ʽ㣬ΡʮֲʵĿǵϣͷļϣĵͷһοʽӣˬ
δ𻰣Ÿڷ֮ŶĥŮˣ˼ңŮŮ˿ԣԼʲô˼ء
εĿɫʷ׳ʵǣһЦ⡣
ǻͷ˿Σϻָ֮΢΢𣺡ôʱ䣬ؾǰɣ뿤Ҫˡ
΢΢üһı飬ʽҪһؾǰȱ
һ߳һ˵û뿤˴ΪҺģյݵϢ߽Ҳݡ
߽ûʥϵּ⣬ǲġǣһ˿ǣٲŰ˼ʮ꣬Ҫ
ʱҡǿ͸εģаյ˵һؾݰһЩǵԼ˷ֲΧκҲӦϣĴûôǲ
áһͷѾǵģʽ뿤ǽɡ
绹תͷ֮Ҳ˵幫Ҫؾˡһϲ˳
Ҳ˵ǿܹ磬˵
ƫһͷװ˵ûС˵ȻСȷʵ˵ˡ˵̫ܵ죬ľûˡ
С˸ںһһԹүɲԩСģС˵ģ̫ܵˡ
תļ򣺡ż幫˳ûĻĴ
ǺǣЦϹ˵Լ顣
תͷֶ˵ʽ˵϶ܳܳˡ
һΣȴһһãҲˣмĵ˵幫幫·Сġ
ҲƣЦЦĵ˵Ҫ׷һʽĿɴڣҪúŬˣҿ֧ġ
ٺ٣ֿ˻ԼԵµͷġ
һҲں˵ʲôӣüͷȴ̲ס˸ҵű˵ĻǷ
Σǵƨɺ棬ˣѲѹ
Ƕ˽Ųͷѹ㣬ȥ飡
϶ѹģҾһʮֱˣҲȥˣ㡣һЦ⣬ʮֹȵ˵
ã㰲οдЦȴ䵭˵
ôܲأӦΪǽѵġ
棿һϷʵĿ硣
ʲô棿
˵Ϊҷǽѣǵ棿
Ȼ档̧ͷͦأĵ˵
Ǳˡüۼ¶һ˿ƣҹϵĳӼ뿪ˣҲǺϲѾķȥ㶫ҳ԰ɡ
ͣһԲĿͣ
ôˣԸ𣿲˵ԸΪǽ𣿡ǿĵ
ҡҡͷСĵǱҡ
˵ʲôأ磬ЦЦĵ
ûû˵ʲô֣˵ȥ͵Ұɡ
΢΢Цţá
ߵſڣԸСǵСǣȥ¥򼸸ˡ
үҪԾ¥Ĳ˰СǲŵʵǿǹôЩ۵Ķء
һƨڲݶϣǹɲôֻȥҵ׼û
СһΪѣӦūϾȥ
һţʹһ
лҪ˵ÿٸ3£ϰ࣬ûôʱ䣬ڿӲġлл֧~~~


12 
ôó𣿡
ǿһ磬һ֪֪ƭǴ
գգ۾ĵ˵ûƭҲԼĲóȥ˾¥ģݳľ¥
ֳ˼ڣ˵ȷʵ
ֿ˻ųԷǡ
һ԰ɡ̧̧ۣɫ˵ȻǷޣҲ̫ɬˡ
ūѾԡˮ׼ˡ
ŮĻǻûӦȽеһҪԡ˵ŻһߵЦ⡣
ǵĻصǰȥ鷿ȥûҪš
ᣬôǰҲڷԡ
үԡأŴ˾ù̫ڼªˣԽˡ⼸ֻڷԡˡ
Ŷһ䣬뵽ôʱһúù۸ֲɵҽһˣ̫ˣϢұ֤㣬ֻ˯
Ƿ¿ӣڣѡһҽ˰ӳȥԼȥ
¹࣬վڷſڣһȻҾͲȥҸϳȥҲߣҽȥҾʹſ¡
үһ£ūҪˮ
үһ£ūҪˮ
үãūҪ˻䡣
үãūҪ
쳤һ̫ˣϴô鷳ҡ
ФԱ򾲵˵үԡһҪʱġ
ʱǻʼҵɰ
ҲܣҪ˯翴Фί˵
ΪүִҪȥĻҲΪѵġ
ģ
Фϸ룬Ƕ幫ģΪλֵĺںأʵ˷ѽ⣬ô꣬ԼǵһοһˣȻĴ㣬ԼǲҪˣùѵԼ
ٺ٣Ҳ˵ģүǹ𣿡Фת˸ͷЦ˵
ǣ緭˸ۣһĶôˡ
ػص˽ֳȥģֻۿţֲҽȥȴڱԹϴҲ̫ʱˣˣʱ仹úһ¹⡣
ڿʲô
ͻȻǵȻŻع֪ʱФҲˣɫҲôˡ
ϴˣ
΢΢üϴ裬ԡ
죬ǣ֪˵ʲôãǰװ
ңһЦЦ˵
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Ȼû뿤ȴҲ뿤䲻ǣʲô֮ӣʲôսۣһ֡
޸뿤𣿡
ĴЩڵԼĴ֪ΪﾹҲЩζǸƽˣ֣ĵԼȴԨպһŮӵݱ¶Լܱܲס档
ϣӶжΪ̫ӣ˳١ɽʱգﾹȻЩԲסˡ
¹£Ҳõɡ̲סΪԼѡ
ҪߵĻ뿪ˡ
סˣȥĶô˻Ҫţ
תͷֱ磬ٰҵΣأ֮ǰȷʵΪԼǿ֣ҪǾú£뿪һƺ󡣡
һ£Ц֪취࣬Ҫ֣ҲһᱣҲ˺Ҳôˡ
ǣһЦݣ˵ҲõĽˣﵱ飬Ѿʮˣûа취ֲҵ֪ǸŮӣһ˵ġ
һ֪дƻƻʲôҶԸһ𣬹գҪȻҲǴ£ǲ೯٣Ȼ֪ʲô飬֪Ǽðô򵥣ɲʲôûΣգҶԸ͹һ𣬾һ׷İɡҾֻһҪ󡣡
ǵ¶ʲôģ˵
һչɣҪҵʱϣ֮һӣȻңкŮáҪи߹ĳ
ǵĴǣȻĻ΢΢Цϣ˵ǵĺӣҲھ󣿡
ǡɴĻصҵҲ֪ⱲӶˣֻˡ
˴³çȴһһ㱻Լá
ֱ̧޳ָӹ޽ǣдᣬӦʳԡ
ֻԼޱȣǺܶС۷ػصתͣ࿵ĵڵϷ𣿡
һ˿ңָת˸°ͣǱôϷ㲻ã
ϷɻطϷ˵ԼվôʱˣûһأϽط˯ɡ
ǵˣָ£°ڣŷȥһһ˵ͽӡղŻжһء
һҪ˯𣿡Ͱ͵ĸǵ
Ȼأñǧ֮˯𣿡
ǿһ˯ұ֤ռ˵ġ
ǵһ죬
绹ģҶŮʲôµġ˵ˣеҲа˵ŻϸĿ˿Լغƨɡ
ǼֱҪˣ绹һŮӵӶûУ϶ǱЩݵķӸˣţͺ񿴵ЩӵܴڽֱߵϷҸŮĳ档
翴ǣ𻰣ֻͬ⣬ʮίȴҲֻĬĬùڵϣҪ£ͱק
ȥ˯ϣ˯¡ֻһΡ
һ˵ȴը˹һԼһģô˵˳ˡ
𣿡ϲþû˯ˣСͯԹ鷿˯Ļ첻Ź֡
ȻģǴѵĳ˵һԾŶȥȥȥˡ˵ţҪߵӡ
ȥȥȥһЦ⣬ŴﶼҪųâˣôܹ˹ĺأȥ˵ŻһۣǺȴװһӣǿɰˡ


13 
ڵ£ô˯ôȷʵǺ˯ôЩҲˡ
ȻʲôֳŸ첲Щ磬ʵý˵ʲô
˯Ѿǰ˯ŵ״̬ˣԺĻص幫˵ҪŬ
ŬʲôĵѵҪŪǰף۾ԼǶǧҪ벻
Ŭ׷㰡
ǻһ΢΢𣬡˵
ǰԺ˫ۣĵȻΪʲô
ɺã۾εûй˵ʲôأϽ˯ɡ
峿۾Ѿˡ
Ҳǣ룬ȷʵ磬ƽʱǹ𴲣ÿû˯þͱקˣ˯˸þģȻˡ
ϴϣ߽˴׼ţȴСۣ
죬뿤Ҫˣ˵רҹġ
ǿɲ뿤ϲģǹһֱԸ¼ޡ
Ҽǵ幫Ӻ͹֮ղӦڽ𣿡
ʲô֮գǧ֮壬Ҫ¼幫ҲҪ׼ҲҪؾݲٰģôİˣвҲТҪɱͷġ
羭ôһѣǰݷҵʱ򣬻¶һºգۼ䣬ⶼһ¹ȥˣҲ֪ôģԼǻȥһ˵ĺáת˸䣬ҲƽЩ۵ˣƵ˴
ǼˣҲʾһŮŮ㽫׼õŶ
һҼһˡ˼࣬ϸ룬Ҫһµģһ͹Ĳһǲ¶ˡ
һ漴˵ȥҲãһ𡣡һ£˵֪㲻Фȥˡ
̧ͷЩȵĿǣФȥҼˣ
첻ԭĴϲ֮˵⣬ͣһЩߣƽһֵϲ֮ҲˣȢҪָ飬Ҳֻھݰ죬԰ԭ˵õĳҪġ
ФȥҼң֪Ҷ²ˣ绹ɻ
ǽ磬ǰһЩƷȥȨǸ˼ˡҲˣ˵ڸù飬׼ȡͲؼˡģѾ˴ȥˣ»ҪģҲ˶ʧġǱ˵ζЦЦӵĿ˿磬ȥļ磬Բ°
ǵĻҲǶԼиҶˡǵı飬֪ЦԼǲȫءЦ˳ץǰĻЦȢ𣿲Ǽ𣿡
ζĵȢ𣿡
˻Ⱑƿԣ˵Ҳԣֻô˵Ҳ±˻ɰ
ǿ˿һƬɫ֪Ǻˣʮֵ⣬͸ûִ硣
һǲĵĲ뱾׺ȻҪסھݣⲻ׸ʲô׸Ǽ޸
һǵǹԼԼȣʵûʲôģùĵ̶ֳȣûৡ
ǰοһСˣ΢΢ЦôˣӲǺܿİǲΪûܼ޸
죬شǲãϾǸˣشǣǿ϶ŹԼҪŶԼˣԼҲˣʲôء
ǣû빫ףлֲ̿ɫ㡢֪Ŷׯ˭˶Яϡ˵⣬ۣװ˵ɲҰⱲӵٻֻܿŹˣ޸ҿһӲԴ
ԽԽ伫Ȼô˵˵Ļ񰡣֤ԼǸСǸ޼޵С
Եĸһ΢Ц˲Ҫ޵а
Χڸǰļ̵֤Ů׷šüү̫ҪˣȢΪٻҲ˵ɡ˲ҪүҪϡ
˾ʮ⣬ߣ˭Ǵδξ֪۸ġ
ݳǵʱǻڻʹеҹأѾͷƬӡ
Ҫ֪ôģһƾȷ
帮ûص뿤ڹš
һƬȻֻ֪ˡ㲻磬üͷ
Ȼڼٺ󣬾Ϳ϶Լ뷨
ȻǸ꿡ţʲд֮硣ǹ˶ʱգҲһ߳սһˡһɼ֮⣬ԼԶȲˡ
ټԶԶϴϲǰӭӣҲֻǣһδǱȹȥÿˡ
Ա£ǣǣðһ˺ĵڿҵδ޾ˣ˵ЩŻĻʵǲܡ˭Ϊû
Ц⣬Ϊǿɻûгأǰܻ룬ȴ仰ôãڵλҵ
˻ȻǶ˵ģȷڵ˵ָ뿤ˡ
תͷֶλ뿤֮ӡ
⻰˵ĿǴн뿤Σ߹ٺ»ǿӣһܺõȥء
һԵ磬֮̽⣬ǰ˵ǰһ֮ʱΪǶٵķΣŻ磬ùġ
һòӢҲ񣬻̼֮ͭңôܿһء
Ȼ֪ǵ̻֮⣬ʱ֮ǰҲмĬˡ߷סǵ֣İ¡
Ҳʮϵİ˻ȥ˴֮ͥ޼ɵ
Ȼ𷽲˵ΪҲûз˼֣˼֣еĽԾյøˡ
ȴһЦ⣬񣬶λְɣţһȷʵѹΪġ
ĵ£أҪԼˣ̬ʵģ⾩ݵĴٹ˶ôϷ
һģҪǲ֪ʲôŹأ񣬶ô̹ϵıĵ
練Ӧ漴صүˣС񲻸ҵ
Ҳˣмۺ죬Ϲȥ˵лͺˡ˵ˣһүȸкѾˡ


14 
ǳԵȥɣˡһͿİڷżӡ
ǣҸЦЦϲõ˵ţһ˵һǰӡ
·ݣʢķ𾭣һʮƽﲻϲЩοһӿˡ
һʯͷıȫͨ͸̹⣬һǼõ䣬ϲҿ˵̳ɷʦ⣬ЯҲɱƽ
üͷﰵôɷųţ
ִһӣֻޱʵʵܲ͸磬ױһʵǲ²ʲô
ǳ˼һӾݣƱҪȪȪĲǰʮ˻񣬶ıȪֻȪƳɲþͻڻҲѴǱȪҲ²ˣΪλҪޱ
Цţ㣬˵ٲ²£ǲǱȪ
𣬵Ҳ¿϶ǱȪ
ǱȪƿӣֻһװ׵ӭһĶڴǰұΪ˭֪һλ˷ӣޱסڻʹڲɢȥͿԱˡ
糶˳ǵ·ʵΪȪ
ǻûش˵Ȫ˼壬бȪǺɱʿȡشڸؽеģȪȻǺȪȪˮˣÿȪˮϣһЩĹӣжϸ죬ó󣬺Ȫˮ͹ӻһ壬
һⲻǱʲôϡġ
ٹЦˣȻ֮ȫͬõĿǺȪȪˮֻЩܳһֲˣȥȪȪ۸ȡӣÿȪ۳ˮʱǱۼȪȥʳˮʳ̫ܼ࣬ľһʳ˶þͻȥӼܷ⣬Ҳ˱ԭ֭ԭζĴȪˮƳɱȪȪˮǴӰȡˮ
룬ϣóһö飬ݵǵǰЩȡʮ־ͨӨ˵飬ֻһֻҲȡţȥһҲδȡǽȡģġ
Ǹ飬ȷʵƷֻҲ̫ˣֶҪȥģóˣҪʰĲռңЩ߹
ǶФʹһɫФˣ˫ӹ顣
ɫãҲ˵ʲôȴתͷ磬һ˿ЦּҵҲûȪ𣿡
ǵĻصûУ˼жӣԶš
жȷʵ㣬οҪȥݵĹ־ͲһС磬ʵʿȴǡ
ЦЦȴ䳰ûϹսأôȻģ޷빫ᾭ˫׵ģٲУ˫׸һȥһžۣܷչҵļҵǵ⣬ȫ
˦˦ӣŭ㷢չ̤ʯ
ǿôõϷҲеˣڶ䳰ȷʱѾˣھȻôŭǲ֪ߵغ񣬱Ե޷֮໥ҲӦõġ
Ц˳
ٽüͷ΢΢ǰ
û˵꣬ͱǴ˻缴̼֮ңҲҵ˵Щ
ҡ죬ȴʲôҲû˵ֻǺ޺޵ת˸ͷ
ɨһۣת˵뿤СʶƢãƷȴ㿴ҵҲҪƽˡ
΢΢Цţ˵ͷǵֽһЩʼջǸӶһЩ⻰˵ãзִ磬ڹϣǲ˵ڹϣȨ뿤ˡ
ڴ٣үͿүһεˣ˵˭˭߹ǾͿ˭ֵĻϵϲˣԣֻҪϲүүͱ뿤Ҫڳ׷ױȽһĺãϾүûȢء
Ϊβϲ뿤ƣӴطһֱţǼ˶ǹܣҲһ䵭Цӯӯ˵
Ϊʣǻͷ磬俴ݣֻҲǵ䡣̲ס̧֣ס°ͣͷ̧
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ǵָ˳üëĻ£ͷ۾ٺãǲģҲá
ǣֻ촽̲ס˿ڿˮ
ššüŭһŮôôߡΪ֪Щ˼ƯĹң̲סʿˮġ
˭ùôÿġû񣬾ͱò𺳵ˡͷ˵ģƱ
ߡһЦݣȴû棬ݱҳúÿĶȥˡ
ƫͷǣĵĵҲţòأǷءһô꣬ûκһòʲġ
ǱĻŭţϻǿάŵı飬𣿡
ڵһǵǰǰϸϸĹ۲һ£Եģĳرررÿ
˵֪꣬뵽ʲô̾˿ǵĶһߣɻ۹⣬Һ͹ļƻ֮ǻҪȢٵӣָȢʲôӵأ˹ˣôĸԸȢء
һЦ˳Ϊڷʲôأ룬ĻصȻˣһӵɡ
綢ǵ۾һĿã΢΢ͷôܵһأõˣӦһķ
ۣ㲻Ǹķ
ǸŮӡ
Ůкβɣ
̧ͷǣŮŮӣЦ˳˷𣿡
΢΢ͷ򶨴Щᣬһ˷
΢΢Цţڵϣ˫ǵϥϣǣе˵ҲԵķˣҺͺӰɣһһֱݵġ
΢΢һЦǣ飺ãһΪ
лҪ˵ȪϹģλ顣


15 
ҹڴϣֻޱȵĿģĶǾһΪϲܺ͹һҲǷǳõ鰡ôƯŮӣǿžͺܸˡ
ȻǾ䡰һ˷һǹ׵ԭ𣿹һֱϲŮ˰ɣһֱϲҰɣ϶ǵģ϶ңһ飬Ŷǣʱ֪ŮءŶҶˣһ˵ĽУҵȳͷԣҡѹѹ֡
ѹŴȥҵʱ򶼺ү췹Ҳܾܾ̫ĻϲˣΪʲôúܿİ˵ڴϷȥĴȻŮӣǹȫԽܰ
㲻˯͹ŭĺһ䣬˯ʱжˣ˯¾Ͳ
ŵһҶڴϣһӵ˵Ҫȥ˯
ҪҲԸ죡˯ľ
˵Żſڴ뿤
ôˣ˵ɣѾ˯ˡ練ӦĵǺܿ죬ȥһǾͷӽţ뿤Ŷ
ҲǡôģŽȥֲң빫Ĺ뷿֮£ԼҪͻˣеҪ֪֮便ʲôϵѲѾǷˡ
üͷ˵ģȻȥɣ˵
˵꣬ҲٱĻᣬФФ뿤ȥ
ФӦһ˵үɣѾ̫ˡ
һֺʵҪҪ
ͷڰ֮ı飬²һԼһС˵ȥô̫ࡣ
۾СĻصǲУұռô죿
ںҹз˸ۣ˭Ҫռˣ˼ϲǱᣬ³ȥˣ㣡ȥɱͷ
ߡƵ´Сţ֪ŻˡŸŵأתϣôųȥ뿤϶Ϊɶˣ᲻һʱɱҰ
ǺǵЦ˳СĵǾίˣһúչ˵ġȥɡ
֪Ů˲ֶˣҲ֪Ĺҡ
ǣФڣ뿤ֵͼ书ֻ֣½Ƕ
ţ̧ͷͦأЩһʮӣ˵үô˻˯ʲô𣿡
ŭգ紩ĳɺͳһ뵽һ䵭Ļ࣬ɱ˵ĶˣأҪǼ㡣
΢΢һЦϸ˵ˣѾ˯ˡ
ˣˣٽյ˫ȭҲ̲סˣ̧ͳϴȥδףǻĹ
ҺФڳһץסٵѵүϣҪ˭ҲǲܸԤġ
˵ֵõūŲ졣̧һֻ֣Фһơ
ûУһװüͷվһߣǷŭ˵ҵٴҵ£뿤˭ĵӣѲˡ
ټæ֣ʩ΢³çˣʵڸ
ֻǸӣǱķδүҲܲסˡ˵һɵ̫˺֣ǵʵ̫ˣ¾̫Ӷ㶯ʹʵǷ
ٵͷҧгݣȴ΢빫
ȥɣ˵ǳ磬ֱӹš
Фˣǵ֣Ķ˵
֪ǵ۾У˳Ҫջġ
ڶգûʱҹ뿤ŭ޵Ѿݳǡ
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Ȼǻ̧ͷһۣ飬˵ôÿһȵĿƿ
ͣڻƵȣתͷǣ˸ͦõģûпƿͨ˼ҵĺôлıأôˣ
Ƕһ£ʵЩأ
ûˣʲô
ЦЦȥĿƿһ⣬һڲϡ
ôܣ纰˵Ĳ𣿡
ԣѧд֣仰˭ġ
Ҳдٸ֡ͷգգۣУİ
Ǳϣ΢΢һЦãСǣΪ׼ķıһΪޡ
дд˭˭Сʱ˽ĵһʮȥ
дûһ뿤ˡ
˸ߵߣúдҪġ˵꣬˳ȥΪֹٴŵ磬ǺĵΪţ̫ãܿ˵
ֻǵΪƿ׼
ٳЦĻһ䣺΢˵幫Ӵϲʥ飬ƿ鲻˷ʱ𣿡
˻ֻ̨ٵͷϣȴ˿δиܱʼ顣˻ܲ˼˵ûŻǾóʵơ
Ϊ䵭˵ʿյĿ뿤Լսһ£Ҳһôǰġ
Ǿµݣԣ֪Ϊ˭
ˣҲӦ֪ΪҲ㡣赭д˵Ļȴʹѡ
£׼ˣ
΢΢̧ͷٵ۾϶Ķ֡
ٿһЦҲҲã˵öԣʼնûλãȻʲôŲأٻȨλһӵŮˣαһϵء
΢͹ϲˣ΢£ˡ
ǵһЦΪӦȥıӰ˳˼ĸФ˵׼֡


16 
˼һ߽ţһ̤ţ㿴ӣϣǳԺǵɺͳ
˻Դдˣȥɡ
Цһ£ҲٱˣֱߵǰĴֽüͷСϸĿһһ飬̧ͷʱüۼ価һƬ⵱дģ
ɻѲôвŻСǸдġ
ǱһָǴȻдģһܱء
㱳ŴЦӯӯλϡ
ôôأдġһӣſǵǰейĵ
Сǿ˿磬Ҳ˵үдģү뿤˵Ǹݰߣ˲Ż
Фվһԣ̲סЦָæ͵үīˮܱдûīˮǱҲûðɴ˿ɼ£үǺĲɵġ
վһԣͬĵ˵ͷ
Ʒ˿ڲ裬΢΢Цţ磬һƤĵȻˣ͵ˣոʦѧϰɡ
ֻǰأ˸߲ңȥɫü֧֧ĵΪҪѧϰ䣿
ƵĻصĵĲлģ״Ԫͬãա
һĿǣҲ̫̰˰ɡ
ĶͷһЦ˵Ѿˣǲܵõʵ׼ôܶԵ𱾹أ
ͷһ룬˵ҵˣʲôûз
˵뷢ʲôҲԡ
ʱָ˴ģٶٿ˵һ仰һҲҳԿתͳˣǰεȥˡ
ǵָڱת˼Ȧ¶һĨЦ⣬ѹϲϷˣҲȤ
Ф죬̾Ǹ幫ѧˡ
籾ݳǵˣҵĹӣƽݳǵټʶȻ˸ǣҲûа̫˸磬ֻСһͯңʱʱ
Ϊٵĵǲòִ̽Ϣգ߽ҲҪˣ˽̽Ϣ˸ٲˣݳǵȻǲõģǵҲ֪Լ˱Ͳ࣬幫ʱ̴ŻûеִﾩݰɣҪٻҪ졣Ҳʵûֱˡ
ٵٴҲݳдүɡ
뻹ǲģȥ帮ϣ˵үɳʮ˱硣
һҲˡ
һƣص˸ϣһԷǣ㼱͵ѵ£죬׼ˮҪԡ
ǰĿɿڴĿһϵвӦʱѾ£ֻһ£ȥ
üӣ·ϣɺͳ
һ˵ǣǿˣΪΣ
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֣ϣֻѾ׼ˮȥʦѧģˡ
ȥѧˣͣίͰ͵˵ʦ̫ˣҪһһʱһδϰ֮õҾûмסΧųһ磬ΧЦҡ
ü룬ӦðФƼʦʱ˵缫Ϊ̹ôءе
ҡҡͷ۵ֶ붯ʱŽء
ЩŭˣһҪˡ
һȻʲô˵塣
ţǵֲĦ˼£ЦЦô㹼ļ˱ˡ
С۾͵ԩҿɴû˵ԼһԸ
棿һɵʵ
ȻģҶް뷨̧֣һҪĵӡ
ǶƬ̣磬Ƕ˭뷨
ǣɤӣεж˭˭û뷨
ǻҪ˵ͱ˴ˣ£ˮѾˡ
˵ͷȥɣԡ
Ŵ˻ŵؿڣܾ˹ôͷأԼҲȥɡ
ǻЦţȴĲӣԡӦõ𣿡
ڨڨЦӦòӦã˼ӷ̷ǿԵģɹһܷأ˹۵ġ
Ҳٽֻվ磬ǹſϷЦ⡣
ҪٲȥҾ˰ǿװ򶨵˵
ѰɣԡҪµģôôòѣűѣ˵ȴһδ
ѸٵĶ˶⹫ǰҲôˡһţҲҲˣֱӰ¸
֬覣˱ذزһӿνǿط۾ԭء
죬ȴǿǻ뿴Ҿȫѵˡ˵žҪѵء
Ƕ˶ţ޺޵ת˸һƬ糺죬㡭Ǹͽӡ
ǺһƬͣСͨͨţȻҲߣ²⹫϶ߣߣû¾͵Ϸơ
лҪ˵лΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
л[ӪҺ]Сʹ
yl[ 5ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


17 
ڶһ磬ʰһЩڲϣָ˵ȥϾҲʦ㻹Ҫ¸¸ģĸû¶һ
¸Щȵ漴Цôо飬ǰ¸˭𣿡
΢΢̧ͷȤ񣬻صΪɻкܶģȻҪ¸
ӣͷ쵽ǰʲô黹ǹģ
һ٣˵ͷͬԼشĵ˵棬ǰչĹأǲģǱֻǻ¸ĸǻĸ
йĺһ֪ûô˵֪۸һա
ȤĿı飬һôƶԱкܴ
УҶԹ糤ˮġ缱æǼһģƨ˵ţˣʲôʱؾݡǰЩؼҿĸ˵ǻȥʱǾٰ硣
룬ǸɴĵͱˣƲʣʲôʱȥҲȷɡ
Щԥм˺ܾãɻǾ벻ͨ뻹˵˵ķŭˣ᲻ҵļ˶֡
ǺţûӻãŵͷԤӦòᣬǡ
Ǻǣ۵һ˿ӣϣһʼûй˼Ҽ˵𣿡
̧ͷһԲɫĿ硣
Щ죬һֱ룬ƵôãΪʲôֶ׼룬˵ˣ˴θͲΪݣ֮ͻ룬˻ἤŭһٲһ˵ȡ˵Ķ𣿹
ǵüͷһ£ĶϣԣҲԣҸûᷢչûٻݣҲû֪ʱѾڰݼٷˡοݼٷ޵Ҫ󣬲ҴӦҪȻһչ죬̸ֺ㡣
̾˿ˣǱɣҲǡѾչɽˣô졣
ǿ˿԰׵˵ģһᾡȥļˡ
αôҲ
˼һϬº͵˵һФһЩȥңҹ帮
ǹô죿ЩĵʵĲˣǶİοţֿʼԼֱŤ̫Ӧˡ
΢΢һЦüô㲻ļˣǵˡ
ҪˣһҪŤתͷ
һѰͷϣͷת˹Լ˵ǹ򲻵ѣǲɱҡ
ߵĻɡ
㶣ֲߵĸЩжҲЩ֪룬Ҫ˵ˣܹӦ
һЦˣ죬ͷǣŤҲܿɰͺСǿԼжһһɰ
ܽˣһú˵ʱ򣬾ϲáǿԼݡ
䡭һɰֻԼԴҪըˡ飬Ϊôȥˡ
ҹԡ׼Ϣ֮ͻȻ̺ӱӣһ̵Ĵ
ʲôʱ˵Ĵһ̹Ȼļıѡ
㲻ɣҪȥ˯¡һ۸˵СϱӣڴһǣԼء
𣿡ǵƤ磬ɫͷͷ˯ʵ˵
ҡҡͷ
㻹ú˯˵
翴뿪ֵ˿ڿˮǣð˵ǣҲҡ
Щˣһ磬ʲôҵġ
ϰѹǵϣ°Ϳĵǵֻ͡Ǻۡ
æҿû顣δϸŵǴоƵζ
ҡҡͷԭǺˣѹôءϸ࣬ʵǼ͵õ廨ƣûꣿ
ͷ룬˵ˡ
ˣȵʲôʵ
ʮ˵ǽġ
ܲӵЦЦһϣ˵ͷӦˡ
Цǰס֣֧ʵ
û˵˵㻹Ц㿴ԼȻԡ·Ҫ
Цţ˵ͷǲҪҪҹİ˴ϡ
ʱˣ
˵ûУڲҿǸˡ
ڱǸŮ˰
ŮˣҲô
ϲľǸġ
һĿ磬˵
֪ˣֻһᰮϹ
ˣֻ±ҪȰˡ
縩ӣǣ
ţ
ЦЦܿɰЩϢɣ컹ء
á
£ߵǣʵ˵ǣڹˡ
ͺǸעҪȥְٰ
~~~~
뵽飬ȻҲ뵽˺飬˶Լͬĺ
ȿڵҹȶˣ˵Щʲôǵˡ
սȴ˵ҹԡЩˣҲǵˡ
ţǾͺܺãɡ֣վϽ߰ɣҺһȥУ
ƽգ϶ʸȥ죬оʱ̫ԣҲ̫ԣǲ˵ˡ
ΧȺڿ˹һȥУĳ֮һףȴ˿Ӱҵ룬ֳܿһϷ
ǵۣȻȫٿʹߵ۷׷׵Ҳ
һʱ룺ôϲ磬Ҳῴ÷ķϡϣһЩ̨¡
ȫȻûй˼顣ռô꣬˾֪ⷬȫ˿ռЦ
ٰսȭͷǣ㲻飬ͱҲˡѾˣﻢ£ʹҲ
лҪ˵
лΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
л[ӪҺ]Сʹ
һֻţ 20ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


18 
ԴһȥУ֮ʦ㲻Ϊ磬Ͼɮ濴档
ϸʣ֪ԴƺһֱüôˣûЦ˶Ϊ۸
һԵ͵ҡͷ۸С㡣ǵȻҲڣȻ˵ģ˼䡣
ల£ʦҲϵˡ
ʮ£ѧ仹Ǽ飬ǿ壬ǿţڿЩå޲ȥһȭ̵ǡ
죬һȥУ·ϣû߶ԶͿֵиϤӰϸһȻ뵽Ǽ˵Լ۸飬缱æǰ
ŶЦĴ˸к
ƫͷһɨһۣҲ磬궫ˡ
ιû𣿡һ䣬ֽžĺ첽ǰסȥ·
С㣬ôˣЦʵСѾͷź
һҲû˵˵ͷ̧ʱﾹȫˮϴҧ´˼ί
ЩˣǵһοŮôһ棬Сʵôˣ˭۸ˣ˵ȥʰ
ţ˵һ仰˲ᣬ˸䳯ǰȥ
׷ȥֻΧһӰʮֵһסʮִЩ󣺡
һ۱ϳӣôŲһ²ôˣ
ӣ纰һ䣬ǰһѳסӵ·ôˣ
ЩΪѣ˿û£˵СŤ
ԴĿŶˣȥȱɣҶѣʲô˵
ӻδ˵첽ǰˡ
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ӳ·˵ŻʱͻȻĽſң˭
תͷֻһȺӣĸ첲Ӹǰקס죬ȥҹ
δ䣬ǱһԵ̯˳ոɳתתڽֱģͶһ߹۲һ£û֮ͥ£Ȼ˸Ұү˭Ƿ
ϵĶһ٣֪Ǹ÷˻Ǹץˣͷ˵ץˡּץ硣
ǽФͼĸɽ帮տˣʣµĶЩСߵҲ޷Ƕ帮ļҶƽЩ棬ȶˡһȥ֮֡
һȥٸһܻԼңȥȱ
ϣקߣȴĺһֱסȻͬǾһɡ
һϤСģ٣
㱼䣬Ǳ
˵ݳǲΰãûһ򣬺¡¡ĽŲ㴫ˡ
ǼƲãҪȥٱ׷ᣬǰѹݳŪˣһȺ˵ԴͱҪˡ
ôֳסһߣǱڻ
ǵһЦް
ʱЦأЩۣùӺݵ߹󷽣ʲôʱǱٻңһͰ͡
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ʮĺܺ£ȤȤҲ˵ʲôﱧ˱߽߱ǽǣصײײĵЩۡ
Ȼ⣬۰ĵĻ޷ģǵ˾ں棬ܲ˵ġ
˿̵ϢǵĶͷϡ
ҲǵҺһݣɱǡ
ս֣ģôˣӻҪЮҪЮٱ
Բ𣬹ˡ
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ŭգʲôʱǶ˻ʱۡ
ٲԼ£̫ˣ磬ʵͷ֮ޣû뵽ǾȻҲŲͽˣҪһɱˣȲ²֡
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ס֣һųȹһָٵɱҲӲˡ
йڲ飬ôӲˡѹɤӣԼݡ
ǻ˻Ȩ֪ݣ˭ģǮģʮ㣬ֻҪ
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䣬ô飡
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üͷаˣȻ£Լ̫뱨ˣȫûпôĺ
˵⻰ٱǷӿһת׼׼ĶĲӣ𶯣˭ǰһҾɱ˵ţһ˺Żѡ
翴׼ʱһץסٵ֣һת߹ȥι˵ǰ˲Ϻ󣬱ĺһŴɡ
Ǽ״ãס֣ȴݺݵקȥ˫˫ɽ£С
ˮףӿٱΧʱѲӰ
һʱ֮䣬ݳڴҡ

˲£ǾͰѱĻʽ㶪ˣһżߵŭǰյϢ˵Ѿˣ׼֣Ӧϡϵ׼ˣӦȴ˶ˡ
Ϣŭ¹ѾȥˣһҵġʷŴͷǺڵɪɪ
һЦΪ˻ټ
ܡܳѾ˾ˣ¹ڷԲ֮ڶӪկҹѰңһҵġ
˼˵ҵʬ壿
¹ٲ˼һἪࡣ
ٸʮʱ䣬Ҫҵ幫ӣǴػŵˣԴ
ǣǣ¹һհ졣
λ˻֣ʾŴȥ
ռΪ²飬ɼ֪ռΪҲʽ㲻ڣݳǾʣһˣֻ
䳰ЦЦʽʮʱѾݣʫǼƲıԣ֮ףЩ꣬ʽӶĲʽ˲ٵãŲһδɻԭɡǼˣƫ̻ҡ
Լʮʱôªţ˵ָ㽭ɽˣһЩѰСҲáһ㣬ҲǺԱģԣҲֻܿŷǳòŵоˡ
̾˿ʽ㰡ʽ㣬㵽㲻ڣĽЩ顣
лҪ˵賿2ӣһ֣


19 
βŸո뿤
һ룬ֻΪȥģȴû뵽پֳ
ҲӦپţֻǺ޺޵룬ôץסǴ
ڳҪûеץȺ˰ɣϾԸռڻʱ
ɡ
΢μ
뿤ôˣҲʵ
΢΢̧ͷ˿Σֵͷ΢ܻȫ
΢΢ҲãԼҲʡıȥˡ
Ȼˣ뿤Ӧɡ
Щɻ̧ͷ΢빫ָʾ
ڻ棬׽õյΪ졣Ҫˡ
ٵĲһ£֪ձٱ׷ʱѾԾˡ
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ߣé
ôǣĵʵ
ǹɽˮʱǸպѹһʯͷϣؿ϶ˡ
Ƿ֣΢΢ãӦûʲô󰭡
ǶѾˣ˻ǲãץʱ·ȥɡǹǿӣۡ
⸽ӡ𣿡ܣһƬéݻǱľ𣬽ΨһһƬʯͷϣé߲ٲǺˮ
ҡҡͷûӡǶƬݵӣЯŻ˴Դҳ󣬾ûôˣ˵ǺˮԽԽˮܼҶҾ˲ա
ͬĵ˵ͷ漴Ӧ˵ݣ
ǰ϶Ļش
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뿴ܡ
ҡҡͷУˣصģܴ磬ǸϽȥɡ
ǰ뿿ϣ˵ݴʷ̫ӵˣҲݾ·̣ǰϵ¾
ݵı˺ϢĵݣһˣǵĻ˵
͵Ŀһۣǡ
类Щ˼ˣⲻ𣿹ҡ
ǲ԰׵¶һ˿Цݣǿ˵ʵܴǲѧ
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죬¶˾İ㣬úϢվͻˡ
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úã죬Ƕȥ򡣡˴ĻŷæָԼļĸȥæҩ
㣬˴С£δ֪ˣԲܴ̫ҽֹӸϵҽʦҽκ㣬㲻Ҫġ
ҹӲδֱӴӹϢĽķ䣬֪ҵ磬˾ȥҳ׼һ¡
ϸ˵֪类ҵʱһ˿ʶ˵Ҫˡĵ


20 
ڻȥ֮ǰֻôࡣѾ˺ܳʱˣһҪϵĲʣһҪݳǵƣ񿴼ȺˣڿԷˡ
ʱֺˡ
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㶣Բ԰׵Ծǰ֪ȥҵˡ
ֻԽܣ޷ƽĵ˰ģûΣգǶͳˣõŵȵڣжΣգ
Щ̣ǾԼ۾ЩᣬǴĸж¶˾ϿеĳУһ˲ĸоҲãҲǻ
ϻǲϣʶˡ
ûǰˡ
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ôأһ̣֪ĵ뷨һʵû취ȥӱܵʵ粻ΣմԽ˾Ҳ޷ƭԼˡ
ıӣżĵ˳ȥ
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Ӳɵÿﰵǳ»һŭ
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֪ھƹӵ̬֪Ѿ֮ˣôԵŮˣ̡
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΢ͷȻ뵽һ㣬ЦŵѹǺѡ
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üͬӵĻɻǲ̹ȻԼʵҪģһ˸ְûдģǿǹ뾭ѵҲܳܵģǲŮΪֻ涨Ů֮£
ӵͷ̯еȣָеһƬ֣˵㿴ɽ֣ʮǰ帹ڴ˵޽Ҵȵ۴½ɽʱϲ˽Ǩڴ˵أɺȵʶ׹أ˲ڴ˵ï֣ܵ˽յɽ֡
ͬĵ˵ͷ˵ɽҴ帹ɲһߣдأ帹ҪڴȫûˣҴѼʮδս֮ࡣ
ӺȣԶʢʱڱȵϲ˲ƣȵԹһУλȨ˵ô˵ŮŮ֮䣬֮İǴءȨҲһ˵ˣͨΪ˴ԼĿģɱ谭ѡ
ŮϲܲӣƴӲܱԴ㣬ЩλȨ֪ĥ䲢ˣҲʹգ˶ɣǾζŵȨ߻ĲɡӸλӦñҸԽ޴İԽ׿ƣٶıˣֻĴҲҪˡ
˵꣬ǣ˴治Ļ֪Ƿ׷
ӣͻȻЩӵˣ˶ôˣǷ۵Ҫͷġ
΢΢һЦɵ˵仰һ֪ǲ׷֮
˵˵һ仰ڻʼңûɡʵСϰҲûɣҵʱ۸һ˻źӲ㣬ʱҼ£ҩĸ˾ȱˣﲻʱǸк˶ҳӹ˼ҵǱ϶˼֣ҵ֪һҾ;ҵֻܱһץκ˶۸ңϲŮΣƫҪϲ㲻ܹϲ͵͵ҲҪϲ
ǵж˼ϧƽֵּҹҲľ·񣬻Ϊǽӵܡ
ǣ죬һģܿԹ⣬ǷʱȫʪܵģѾˣɿҵһ˲䣬ſڵĵһ仰ǣҪ֪ˣ˹¡
˵⣬ϸĹ۲ǵ飬ϣüͷ˫ۡ
ʶҼҵѹԶʤңװһǿģʮҲʮ飬ͬİ벻Ҫˡ


21 
ڵϣʪĲĶͷԴﲻظӵĻǹͬİ벻Ҫˡ
ͬİ⣬ǸСܵıԼҹΪأ˴ˣðΣȥ˾ΪһиҪҪ
šüͷһ΢΢ۡ
ˣһϲ

ң
ǿһЦ⣺Щ𣿡
ǵ˵ͷöˣ㡣ս֣Щ˵֪
Ⱥȵˮɡ磬ڻ
ˣŮӰ
ü֪ģ
Լ˵ġǶ˶ֽŵ㲻ǽȥݵһһܡ
ƿߵˮתǣЩǵʵһ˹𣿡
ǵһ˿ԥûУġ
ȷʵŲӣӱϾĺѣҲῴˣҲͲҪ˵ˣ˵˳ԸҪˡ󲻹˿ˡ
ն幫˵ʱҲԱߣҵ֪ҶûзҲ֪ˣǵģҴһɡǣüͷô飬Ȼ֪ˡ
ǵǰһģǹˣȻҲˣɱҲδùͷɱӲһ֮ûκιϵΡ
һȣ°ͣ˫⣬޷ˣİѱҲıң˵ˣҲᱻּҵϷɨسţʱּҶҪۣȻа취
簲ĵĵ˵ͷ˵˽ģǱ޳ܵСˣҿ
ǲõü𱸵ʲô㶼ܵôҪ
Ҳˣƿţһ̹Ȼ˿Լ͵ʵ磬ҪǻкǾҵҶҪˡ
ʮֲˣʲôʱ˸Ҵ󵨵ǽˡ
ɨɨǣһãæ˵ᣬû͵ҾԱ߼๤أǸéݣУֲע⣬Ҿˡ
Цǵ֣ˣӱͲҲǹģ˵ˣնӣҪȻҺ͹ҪɥȪˡ
֪ϵ»ȪããԲ˵
ǶһۣĬЦЦ
Ա߿һ£ʵЦʲô
ԵЦ˵öԣǲ鰡
һʧİһۡ
ȴˣ٩ôǺܰˣ
һЦ˵˰ˣˣһǸ˰ɣңʵǲš˵꣬ת˼ȦƵ˳ȥ
һɬԴԺǶһˣǣ֣ЦݲãҪ֪ǰǵı겻ԶһеЦ⣬Ҳ΢΢ЦЦ¶ݡѲɹˣ㿪ĵĻţ
磬Цݵ£ĵԺҪôΣյ顣
£Щ⣬һʱûзӦ
Լ֮¡
ҡҡͷϹŵЦ⣬ᶨ˺һӶ빫Ͱһ𣬾ȹǾԼ
һԲ磬˶á
תͷû£õˡ
ǻ˺ܾã˵ˣǲȥ˾ģˣҲֻȴȱ
˵ͷûб¶˿Թ֪бȾҸҪ顣
ĵ˵ͷӦʱԼΪأǰڱ˵
ͻȻЦǣЦĵǹˣûȣȻ˾ˣǵڶҪɱˣǲǡ
ͷϸ룬˵ҲûȣѹɵնҪɱ㣬մӦնġ
˱죬һЦ⣬ֻƴȥȹˡ
ҲЦһЦǧɽѩɽ
һƬ⣬Ҳ֪ۻжٴΣգ綼ƴȻ޷ı䣬Ȼͨ˵ʲôء
㱣֤ػúõر㣬κ㡣
˵ͷתƻ⣬ԳƱˡְˡ
ǺһüЦ˳ȥ
Ϊջδˣ׼Ŵ磬߷һǣֻȤһڷ棬ûʲôģҲû鿴
үʵǲܳȥ벻ҪΪСˡ
Ҷ˺ܶ·ԲģǷİɣҳȥ
ôˣڵģҪȥǡ
ڷ̫ˣʲôû档
̾˿ô죿Ǽ˵ȥˣȥժǶа
ӣͶ԰겻壬˾ʮǨͣټǸոԼ⣬ô綼ϲҪֱûȱԡ
ǾǣʱҪҪ֪⣬ȥָҪȥժժء
Уˣڲܳȥ䵭ʮ򾲵ľܾ
һ˥Ƿϵ߻˷
ˣҲȥ๤ˣɣɽ𣿡
ģϲЦտһƨڴߣֵ̯̫ˣɣ
ôٶò̫ԣһһ쵽ûûãʲô
ʲô
ڴ۵Сۣ˵ʲô
Ҳ֪ʲô
ʲôҾʲô
ûʲôĵġ
ţܺãûʲôĵǰɣſȥǾͲˡ
ҪһקסǵȹӣĵٰһڷˣҺ¡
£תͷʲô
һ£漴˵ûʲôϹ˵ġ
ǲûкӱܣ׷ʵʲôҡ
ͷֲԾקԼ·ϣںҿˡ
ǵһѲǼ˶ʲôˣĽҰģʱŮˣѲǡżʵʲôˣǶʲôˣ
̧ͷſ־壬ˣüˣƯںϣ·Ӧɱǵˣˣе۾ûϡ
Խ˵ԽǿңϢԽŨϵĺԽԽࡣ
лҪ˵лΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
л[ӪҺ]Сʹ
Сŵ 5ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


22 
ץס̧֣ͷ۾£ûˣ㡣
־ǻ꣬ұ۾ܿǣҲ뿴ǡһڷܾ쬵ġ
۵ıо嶼ڴڹ֮͢УСɱ֮£ЩʱЩ˵Ѫ·ϣ۾գ
̫ҵʱǻẦ¡οһӵܣʲôʱĳ档
ϣĶɹˮЩʲôװƽĻȥһŲֻ֪֪жôҪܰѿ־֮صڣգ˻ʱûһ㲻Ծ
ûˣȥһģһڻ֪㻹ţжġôءֻܳȥתע
Ҳ֪ءǵĻ
ҲҪԼ롣
ǺĶƽǵĻ˳
ڻܸǣһලҵļǱ֪ǻˣʱỵµġ
ͷڴߣ֣ĸһֱãǲҵĻ£ҽã֪֮̽Ϸˣδ֪Խ֪ԽáϷ˷ʲôûоϷһݵķǳá
˵ͷĬǵ˵ĸʱС¹ϴ󵨡
ĬĬسŴһֱŮٵ˸Ůһֱǣ֮ǰŲܴ̫ˣʽ˸˴Ǹһģ촬ùٸˣαˡǵһŮٱ֪ʲô˼ˡ
һŮٱһˮǸ幫ӵģ˯ߡ
ǵͷӹ豭ĵɣֵطֶһ㶼ס˵ţСĽ豭˵ߣС̡
ŮšüͷһϵеĶʲôʱԱˣФ˵幫û
ûãͻ˯ȥˣǶ翴һתŮٵȥѺණˣŪ
촬Ƚţһ٣٣Ǵ˹ֻôബһע⣬Ǳ߱ҲߣҲܴģжõķڴ˴촬Ǳߺϴ
Ǽһֱû˯ãҲͣΨ֮
۾ľſڴ˯㣬ÿ˾ǲһ˯ôÿ粻Ծĺ鲻Խǵ
幫ӣŰɡԱߵŮʵǿȥˣ幫ͲܿԱ߻ûˣ
磡á硣һæ֣״ε˵
һô磬ԭڸҪ̹µġŮָ絽ˮϴڣЩԸ׼ģ˵ʲô粻ܷ磬
·Ҫ˴һȣŮٻôõĸô˰Щˣ˵Ҳ˼ֶ
Ůٿ磬֪Ǹÿ޻ǸЦǰ𣿡幫ӷģ𴲺ԼµģŮ̴ֻ¡ô׿ء
˭Ҫӣˣ𴲶ôһ𱻻ˣʵ̫ˣ˯һû뵽ôȤĶԻ
Ůٲ´˵幫ӡ
缱æûô˵
Ůٸ˵幫Ӹղŵ˼ʮĽܷ̹¡
˻βӣлŸ˯ѵ룬ЦЦȻˣͷˡ
Ů΢ȸˡ
߰ųŵŮٺ
û뷨㻹Լ°ɡ罫ͷڹ꣬ĵȥ
ڼ׵ϣֳͷĵҷˣҹûϢãҡ
˿ڿˮ뷴ǴЦ˵󣬵ĴĿĵ̿ˮˡ
գգۣʱ벻ǵĻֻ˵̫
̫㻹Ը£ɲ˭ܿġŴ۾ǹЦݣϷ硣
ڹ𣿡ʵ
һ£漴ЦŵĸˣҲԼģǰѾˣҪϹ𣿡
ҧҧЩɬȥԼĻϹġ
һ߽ǾͺԾվſ˫ۡ
ֳס´ֲ̫ң㲻Ằɣ
գգۣ޹Ŀ磬û˵ǲ˵ʵҲ֮ܺ߰ǰŮ¿ʱɲ
һɬ磬̾һӢôͿˣҪˡ
͵һ³ǵ½̫ûƺã˳Ʊ˻ǲߣϸȣҲ͸ϼְɣǵպö°͡
ԭأֻǵ䣬һҲҶǹɡ
ҲˣԼ붺ôͷչˣÿʲô˵˵ʲôҪ˵ʲôĻ˵ʲôأûҲʲô°
׹𣿡ȿڵ
ǵ۾һƿ磬ȸ״ʲôʱˣȥġ
ҧҧһۣǹҸµġÿξͻԩˡ
ֻ¶ѡ죬ϻǿʶ
ð̧ͷǣûأҾͼ˰
Ǻһ̯˫֣ḡ硣
ǲûϴ裿Ȼ뵽㣬ϴˣϻҪ·
ü۽ǣǷ飬ô㻹Ÿԡ
ü̧۳˳ǣôôɧˡ
Ҳû˼أҪϴˣڻ·û𣿡
ıţſ˯һϣ
ɵǸ£գգһֻ۾е˵һ˯ɡſ˯ˣ
ȹڣ΢ת洺磬ȻһЦѲΪ˯ڴϣ
ţȫԣӳʹĵ˵ͷͰ˵׼˯ڴϡ
罫Žɣôã
ȻҸ˵ʮģһ㣬Ҫץʱ䣬¹ȡ붴
̬Ϲ˵
磬һģоԴԺ󣬹Ǿɽϵ̫Ĵ۰
лҪ˵лΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
л[ӪҺ]Сʹ
һҶ֪ 1ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


23 
˼ֿЦЦǲ̫һˣڶЦĸˡ
ǲǣҪȡʱ䣬ѹ£Ǻɸ֣ôһŮ羹Ȼô
Ϲ˵Һ͹Լģ˵ˣǶŮˡȻ￪ĵĲУɻǾмжסǡ
Ǻ޲һ磬쵰˶ʮװ˭֪Ůˣ
绹ЩģǱ˲۹ġ
ӿɵ磬ֱۣ̾ͳеֶΣڸݻףҪ˭С֪ˣǶòŵڶ죬תͷ
İɣ㻹֪ɱϣڳݺô꣬ʲôֶûֶʮָһỤסġ
Щô˵ǣȻҲ֪˵ûдʶδʶ֮ǰϾѾгĴ˵ˣҲ˲٣׼ô˵Ҿù
ҡҡԴһÿԻ𣿡
˵ģȫȻûע¥ȵǡ
ֹ幫ӽ㡣ŮٸǶС˵һ͵Ҫ羹ȻǸŮģˣֻҪϲŮء
̧̧ۣɫȥֵҹ
ŮȻʧЦǽ蹫
ãӿŴ¥ǣĴк
ǿ˿ӣҲûֵȥ촬ɡ
һ˲𰡣԰ڣһ뵽飬̾˿ʮĽ磬ǸҰҺֶΡ
μ
ôˣ
ʮ죬ͲˣչļƻÿδݵˣʮҴ㹻Ѿǵھˡ
ǵ˵ͷû˵˴У
ΪβУüЩɻʵ
˺ˮļһϴˣÿʮˣȫס
ЦЦǰ˵㣬ڴϷЩʯͷÿ˲˹̫࣬ɡ
ޡ粻˼ƫͷйڣԼϹ԰ʲô³ˡ
΢΢Ц֡
ǲԸ͵Щɱ¾̵ֲ飬Լеɡ˸ɣ֧һԼȥˡ
ٰ㲻ԸҲΪ˭ʬųءҪʬҰ
ԼʮȤһ磬ͻȻһش飬ƿҪˣǺ졣
ܵߣƿҪˣһȥμ𣿡
һ߸źһ´
ʲô
ǵ˵ͷ̾ѲǸջˡ
סԿתţԼ͹Ǽ֮ˣܱ¶ݣ˿̻ȥƿļƻǹһˣţǲÿˡ
һ뵽ÿƿųõЦݣҲǣԼQžͻȥˡ
Ůһ£ָָ磬ʵø幫𣿡
ǱЦãֻҪȥƿʲôëܺˡ˽磬ֵģջӣֵһȥˡ
ŮٴһָˣЦ漴ֵ幫Ӳƿô
Цӯӯ˲ôˡ
ҹǻŮٵ⣬οƿѲɻҪȵꣿҲϴСˣٵһҲǲУʱ;ٳʲô飬ǾͲˡ
뵽⣬ǵƤЦЦ磬磬ѡԼѡ
绹ڿéݽеһ飬Ѿ˺óʱˣκβ飬Ǽǲסѡʲô
һѶ飬ȻȥƿǱȻҪҸɣ㵱ˡ
»˻Դ˺þõ飬Ӷˣϲңɲ𣿡
ۣɫ죬ֻյĻ¯߲ױ
ϲŰײˣҪЩײ˵ŵ㣬οһˡ
üҵŵܶడ˵ƽ⣬黭оͨƷУػ㣬ǲı䡣
ߣεЦСѾͷģƲҪǸ㵱ڱݵգѡ
Уĵ
Ǿ͵ٰɣνɽˮ֪Ҫܿŵ٣Ѹʺˣ׼ҵڶܼ޸㡣
ϸһ£һ˵ҵã´ﲻҪ󡣡
ǱϣǴЦ⣬˵ͷֵٲУ黭ܿ԰ɡ
ͣһΪĵЩ¶ﲻҪ󡣡
ǲɫĬ
˼Ƭ̣һľ㰮
ǵ˵ͷ˵ҲУֻһǣҪȱθĴ̷Ҳͷˣ塣Ҳøʰѱ޸㡣ȹһξȢ¼ûô˵顣
죬ˣ̫ˡ
Ǻ͵ĶգգۣФʱǰ˵еġ
Ҫѡ𣿡ȻǸ˵Ļ˷ܵĺѡΪʲôҪ뷨ӣˡ
ǵұ㽫ͻ帮ţˣͻȥҴɸ㰲ŸְλʱͶԸ˵˫ȫƽңһʱˣְλΪһֻ䣬пܻѳ
أֱװɣƤҪ޸㣬ӦҲͬ⣬ʲͬ⣬Ǳơ
ˣת磬Ц˵ѡڶ
һһߵϣߡ
ġ缱æסǣĿ˼ҾǿЦˡ
ɫ࣬£ֱ۾֪㲻ȨıҲ֪㲻ԸͽЩУŮݱ¶ļˡ˵㣬Ȼ԰磬·Ҫʲôˣ;ˣҪȵֵʱ򡣡
ֻԼ޹òģôĴˣڶģô޴ķӣ׷ӴԺ󣬲棬Ҳɨأһ̧ͷЦ
ߣһǣ̫ˣ˿û׼˳ϣʲô
ƫҪסǵ֣޺޵˵


24 
˾ǶңɻҶȥѵ𣿡üͷ壬ؿסǵ֡
ǹô΢ŭ
ЦѶҲ˰ɣ;ǸȵˣѶҲȴӲ˵
סֱֱĶ۾ͣδй뷨
ǺǣԳЦЦδйҵȫûдҾ޴־ˣһС¾͵£ͬСıԶԣʲôûȻǵӣƿòμˣڹʲôأԼѵûԼ顣
̾˿ûȷʵԼһ£ҪΣޱȣҲ㣬ԲܾԺǹ֮͢УҲֺᷳοԼ۱˴ء
粻˵ϸĹ۲ǵı飬ò˵˵ˡ
üĿ⣬죬һԲ
ǲɿƵģԲŻԴǼҵĶ˵Ļ𣿡
ǵ΢΢˶û˵һ仰
κ鶼ָƣΨ飬Ը飬ɲùԹˡ㺦ΪѳԼƽ׸һǻ⣬ȴòԼҪģԼܵɡ
Ҷ˵һŮԼеòӦͻŻҳԷ⣬ɢ⣬ߵƮƮȻ˿ȥһ˿˸С
Ҷﻹ˵ŮСûܹʲô飬ȱٰĻгģԲŻẦ¸ԼĸòӦ뵽һɢ⡣
üͷ΢壬ҡҡͷק֣ĬĬվ⡣֪ӦǸ÷硣
СκζҪҪŬûκһǿõģڻʼңΪǹȻһС
˶Ϊ޼ɵȴû֪ʵϿʱʱ̵̿£һ첻øʵʥı㱻ʹôĻӹ˶һܾǧ谮ġЩеĳ谮Լġ
ϰ˶κƿأעӮ
ǿҵȥ׳ԵõĶʶ綯ÿÿ˼ôʱǾʹùģ̫ʺǸΧǽˣԸ⣬ԺҲһԸ⣬ԺԸ⣬Ӧ
ĵģԴҴδİ⣬ͬ㽲Ƿü
סǣһҶԹȹҵ٣۹ҪʲôҶԸһ塣
°ǵļϣס֣ǵʮָգһãԲŻ̲ס˵ɡһֱҵʧѻ࣬Բ̲סİɡ
ֻʮǣԼƣӲָԼϽҲӲָ𣬰ѹԼϣֱܲסʱ򣬲ŻЦ䷢ŭ
ǿŴ⣬֪һ·ϻôգ
΢΢ЦţۺεգҼȻѾԹ³ŵһ
ǻع񣬶峺˫ۣǰͬ˵һڲϣҾðȥ˾㣬ˣҲԸ⣿
絭ȻһЦԸ⣬õٻ󣬲Ҳҵһ𣿹ơŮһˮ֯빫ҲǷֹȷԸǣչ˹
ǵȻ˻¶Ц⣬ս֣ŵ㣬ٻ󣬹»ֻҪеģ㾡ȡ֮
Цţ毺õǣаֻȡѣ˼ңɵ뵽˶֮ҹǽ¿üĿߵӡһƬϡ
šüͷݺݵĸ첲һ£һۡǷŵ񣬾֪ʲô
Ÿ첲󣬳Ŵȥ
Ҫ͵һͷ磬һ
˯գ޹۾Ц˵
ǳһӣڵϵϯϣȥ˯
ʲôʵӽ̸ڴ˯÷ʲô
ЦǰС
ָסǵСָǣ˵ҶԹ˵Ļҵﻰﻰòű˽̡
ǺһԼ֣ϴű˲˼ľȣΪ㣿ûôء
ĿתֱǿֱҪǿˣЦ˵˵ѹ·ͻѳֲסϴ˯ˡ
ߣǹӵɨ缸ۣ̼˵Ʋɱġ
һͷǣѹڴϣ§סľӣ˵ģ
䲻ǣҲСұˣټʩǵ㵽˼ء
ΣȴŹ˫䡣ǲԳֹЦٵģ˵Ǽٵġ֣
ͣס֣ͷǵĻУ㰮𣿡
дЦ˳ķ˿Ťĵʵģʲôġ
İͷ̧죬˼ί㣬˵ô֪ߣ˵
ǿЦ⣬Щߵĵ˵ˣֻҪеģ㾡ȡֱ֮㻹ס
翪ĵЦˣǼƽˣһίĵ£ȡ֮ǵĲҲҵ
ıסǣϹЦݣҲ
Ǹ뷴ʱ˵㡱תһ룬˾һҲû£㲻ٿڣֱֻ۽Ļס硣
ԴӶ˻ף֮СһŨŨζӼģǸŷ߶Ųζֻ֪ǣ˲ͬ
ǺԡڰУ˲ߵģܻ䣬ιҺˮҸȻȫ̶Ҳû
ûĬĬϾǳ
ЩԭСǣ֮ǰҶüۣǹĲڹˡ
˵Ӣңɱˣ۰мӣһ߷磬Ͳ˵ˡ
ӺŮĬĬڸ޺õͤУһԲԶȥһЦǡ
Ů̲סˣȿڵ羿ʲôǹ
ƳŮһۣǷϵ˵֪Ҫ֪ˡ
˭Ůһ⻰˾ѲֹӺ幫ӶҼҹģ̫ˡ
ҪܣͲ㡣˳ȥ»ûӦǲҪĺá
лҪ˵ллжһֱڿǾҸµĶ


25 
Ů󺰵֪㿴˭ˣ
תתŮһı飬ʮΣתһ룬ѲǶ˵ģ¿ֻ֪õĹĹϵá
ָӴ£ͤЪЪҪȥǣͼŮصĳ
㲻ȥ
Ůһƨ̨ϣڷԸǹڴ飬Ҳȥ
ĽҡҡͷǲӦùǵ𣿡
Ů幫ӼҴҵѲɳӻҪ˷
һ˵ûʶأķ˸ۣҪߡ
Ůסص˵幫Ҫͷˡ
šü㲻Ů˵ʲô
˵ܣֹ֪ϲ˭ֹҲϲǹ
ʲô۾˺þãʵô֪ģ
Ůҡҡͷһ̾Ϣ幫ӼȻϲǼӣҪúע۲ߵ˰Ҽô㣬еϲ
ǺЦǼҲûΰôϲأʵ޻̸֮
ͻȻ뵽ʹǷŮ¡ЩˣѵϲǽΪùĲŸġԼϲ֪İѵһ㲻˼Ƕô飿
һǷͤǧ
ʲôôԡԶͿһ͵磬Ը飬͸Ͻˡ
̧ۣǣˡ˵ּ꣬
Ц˳ʲôôƣţ˵
Ҫ˵Ӽææ˹ˣǱ߳˵¡
ɫһ䣬Ҳû𣬸Ӿˣ·ǲһЩѸٵס
翴һջƾʲôӶܽӴЩ飬ܣӲˣ
ν޲ۣҪôߣͱԹ
ţĿ첽˹ȥֻӶ˵£һֻֻضʮˣֻжʮֻһҲֻزİˣ뿤Լʹ˶ݣټڴ˴İӦӦҲˣ⻹ûˣǰһ׼ʮˡ
ǵ˵㣬˼һһҪһ죬ǰ̫죬»뿤˲
ǳüչ΢΢ǰֻأ
ţ˻ȻתͷһȻ磬˲չ¶Цݣôˣ
˵ƾʲôҲҲһΪǽѰɵô˵棬ʵ˵ڣ
ֲȱʿչ幫ӱЮ֣Ǽǵ𣿡ŮٽĻ
һǺļҵģ̫ˣȻؼһҪߵúѵǡ
Ǽǵã΢΢ЦŻΣʱߵ˲ֻܴ࣬帮ˣ׼̻˽ǵտһԺ㹻ˣǡ뿤ˣһ̡ݴʷһ֮ǰ̫ӽҵļԼӾӪ˳ʵӦøǿǰ¡
ŮٵʱͲڳҲֻº˵𣬸֪帮ļôһ˵һ羽ȵɫ϶ĳˣǵôһ˵δү˰
ŮæԵԭ帮ļ˽ҼˣѾˣղȾѵĿ³ǣĻ˵ˣಫĻ緶幫һģһʵǿɾ壬˸ж
ǺǿЦ⣬һ磬ֻϸӾˡ
˲лŮٿ佱
Ůٹ˹֣صֻ˵ʵѣ幫ӿˡ
Ҳȥˣ־ò̫ãŮٸ˵ԼߣⲻԵԼСܼǳ
ǿ˼˵ȥҺδˣʼ£鿴һ¹ж˿ȵͬʱȥݳ幫ϸڵȰѼǵȰ幫ߣҵ뿤ȶ幫֡
ӣ˾׵
ǵͷɢ˰ɡ˵꣬ʹ˸ɫᣬԾĸ˻ȥ
·ϣǷ˽ŲƽЩƤʵʲôҪͬҽ
룬˵ɣ˵ܣŮٸ˵ҲϹˡ˵꣬û¾ˣţҿôشҡ
ǺЦ磬ڳԴףŲңŲĺѣ
ŲҲǻģֲһɲ䡣
šüЩãô˵ԺҲһˣ
˵ôˣ
糶ǵ䣬뵽һֱĲȫУֽ˵ҲıԼ⣬Ϊĺ㹻ҶһӣһŬһãܶҶһˡ
ֱͨͨԼŬء
ͻȻֻĸоһƽͰ磬ûսûı˺֣СϪߣںˮزŪֻ硣뵽ǽסЦ
ûǵĻӦתͷǣ֤ڤ˼ɵЦȫ̡
úܿЦֺҶʱ𣿡
Ƕ˶ǣס֣ղ˵ĻղŲڳԴ𣿡ǲʲô˵ڣѾϰǱԼķʽʶֻ˵Ϲ
֧֧ᣬû˵ƤĵԴôˣϲѵӦóԴ𣿡
ӦӦáıӣϣ˱裬𣬱ŮϹ˵ʰ
һϲãģ
ȻǹأһԾŶǳͷġ漴ֿڵ㲻֪ϲ
ɻ˼룬ҡҡͷ治֪֪
˿ڲ裬˵֪ϴڿջӰͻȥģʱҾ;òԾǰ죬ԵʱʹͳˡʡʡȻ˵ԼΪ˽ĵ󣬲ʵӡ
㾹Ȼ֪üͷ黹ҪһЩġ
һۣЩȻԼʶԼΨһŵˣӺСʶ֮Ĺϵû⣬Ҫǲǵ꣬ҲӦӰôӽӴˣ˽⹫ļƻء
ǻڳԴף΢΢һִֻϣСָЦôŲ˵ĻڳԴ֪̫ˡ


26 
ԵЦЦĵǵ֣ˣû˼
棿΢ˡ
Ȼģ̇ͷֺĵ̫ˣһûԹ̶ֳȡ
˵ͷǺðɡ㲻ԹԵ衣
ʮεЦøְˣҲ˵ƫҪ˵
Ƕ豭صݵǣǡƺôĵסǵЦ⣬з߷߲ƽţú÷ٯٯģ絹ã֪Żײ֪֪
裬ֽȥˣǲ˵
̲ˣƨƨߵܵǰĵΪʲôң
ת˸磬顣
Ҳת˸泯ǣһѰǵ飬ЩƵĵǲϲӣ
ǲֱֱĶ磬к⣬ôϲأ˵ţ
ּˮתСһҼӣָ̧°ͣ磬ѵ㻹ҵ𣿡
ҡҡͷٶٿĵΪʲôҪ§㡣
Ǵһ£ϸ룬ԼӽӴʱҲô࣬ʲôʱ§§ˣһ룬׹ԼҪˤӷԼһѵǴΰɡ
ҵʱҪˤ˰һѣ˶ѡ̱ӦõҪжᣬһ㣬Ҫ޳ˡ
ȷϵʵĲϲӣ
ǧȷֻһ
Ҳ̲סˣһĨᣬЦ
˰죬׹ǱˣˣŭգԼһʲôʱôϷŪʵņָ֣̀㣬㡭
һ߬סǵ֣£ֱǣĵ˵ﻰҲŻ˵ġ
ǲ֪λش˵Ҳԣʱȸ״ˣԼȻޱ֮ԣ⣬ֻܿˣˡ
Ķ䣬´ΣġŻء
һЦǵ֣ٵֱϣȻװµӣվһ̵ˡ
ǵĿһֱ磬Ҳ˵˳ȥһЦ˳ŸձǵֱŭС쵰
ߣںСƼ๤أƼ㳯˻֡
߽һƨߣҲףֱ˵Ů˵㰮Ϲˡ
ۡһϾ˳ȥĨĨ͵ľƣ˵˵
Ц˳һӣѣ֪Ҿ֪㲻ˡ
Ӻһ˰㣬ղŹһӡ
˵ϲҲӲ磬ת˸任˵䣬϶
ǰӵЩϲųβԳ˵ϲ𣿡
˵ͷô֪꣬ҵġ
Ӻ˿Ȼ֪㣬޹أҺ顣
ǻȥҾ͸ҰǹҺ֮ǲнġ
磬ţ˵ˣϲ㣬Ҳ׷ˡ
ΪΣ
ΪϣھƹݺϣҺѾ
˵ŻŻŵ˹һ˵ˡ
ϸĿ˿ãݳˡ
²μ뿤ˡ
Ե쳣幫أ
幫δ֪뿤ҹҹ䣬ʱҶ˯֮УҹҲǸɵˣ֮У幫Ūˣ¸빫𷣡
Ƕ˶٣֪ˣȥúˡ
ô죿дŵ֮ɫ֪ʱ˿̣֮ǰ˵ЩʵС֮ģʵǵҵļˡ
ս֣⡣
練סǵ֣췴񼫣ҵһģҵֻһˣй°ĺܡ
һս֣֪
֪ԼǺܴѹͷ뿪µѪҵ˲ңҲܹ£ؾңţҵһΪԵľ׷ҪǣλȺˡ
ʲô飬ĿдһЩӵĶŮٵ˶ԣѸٵĻָ˳̬֡
Ųһգ뿤񣬲ݳΪУڱ߽󳼵İ£ֱݣ·ݻϣܼ
˿ǰ֪رû뵽ôԸı
δݵҲ˱ˣѱǸԴӼˣЩŵʵȫ˶ݣôܲء
˿⣬ᶨĵȥݣ̫ѴȪݷһ·ǧӼʿǻϡ
ǣµ
һʱ䣬ȫԱװϣԭĶʮҴֻңĶԭˡ˸ɣһϣο鲻ҲıʾǾΣֻܸӻмһ
ڵǴǰ˴֮󣬺ȵβ裬ϵ˯һǾ͵ˣٽ㡣
ʮĺ˲β裬һ˯ˣһƬƽֻֻʣһҡ
Ьӣܳȥק·ʵأ
ޱ飬ص幫Ӻֹȥݡ
ȥ𣿡ҧгݵʵô
Ҳֻ£幫½⡣ǵͷԵúǹ
Щҵԭת˸ȦȦﲻԾѵѾʧˣԣǰ֪ʧأǲȥģûʧأΪȽݡݾǰȫھıھʮﴦӪկޱ֧ԮʧҲ£Ϊȥݣ£ȪҲȾҪȫ⡣
໥ӣ˽Ժͷ˶ʮȷ֪ҪŪֻ࣬һ취ȥݣ
γذףơ
ֻǵĻһ䡰幫ĵС뽫ذ״̽ȥɡ
Ľذһߣ⻰ǣ׼Ծô
ӼذףԼĲӡ
ƮƮĵǱͲǷֹʲôֹҲĵļˣҲ뽫ذ״̽ȥɡˣֲһ䣬˵Ｋˡ
ذףżʵôˣأôˣ
໥˿һ˵һֱλһסڵϣŵĻҲǹ֮ǰ֪ǵģĲ֪ˣλӲҪΪǡ
лҪ˵лΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лͶ[]Сʹ28419239 1
л[ӪҺ]Сʹ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


27 
ʮΣҲ޼Ʋߣֻ֮֮ӽ˷䡣
˵ô죿
ҡҡͷҲ֪ǼǹƶˣҿŪʲô˵ţ磬Ҳ֪
Ĳ֪û˵£ҪȻҲƭϴˡ
ˡһӣȥݵ·Ҫվ˯ڴ˯ɳԷҪȥɡʱ˵Ⱥ׼Ķóԣȥվԣûܡ
ܣϸ˼Ƭ̣֣ҿвͨˣ˿һʣһء˵ˣǿǸеĸ֣һٲһṦ׷㡣
Ӹŵ˵ͷ˵Ҳǣô죿ܾܲȥݰɡ
¶һ˿ЦݣɴһУŪˡ
üƲߣôȥݣ
վƥǳ˿ǰȥҲһ·̡
ãӼᶨĵ˵ͷʼҶ
һɻĿӷȥĶأ
ֱӣǲ˰Ѵ
ڣָָõ죬ôҲҪȵϰɡ
ȻڣǾҴҲ֪ǹģҪܣȻﲻֱһ㣬ץʱ䣬϶֪ݶԶˡ
һĥȷʵҲֿʼҶûһʱ䣬˾ͽ˸
缱ܳȥţţ©ˮˡ
æ˹ܽһ̾˿뷢ֲңϾһλδүǺڵ£ŹǵƸء
λӣ⣬ڰѴˣôϰ
һ㶣磬ǾȻˣһȥء
ϽϽˮóȥ
һȺ˻𼱻ǵĶųĹư裬ˮҵĶҲ˸ľʱˣֻʣϸСķ϶ϵؽˮҲ߲ˡ
ʲô֣һ̫ˣżϣվһߵʵǰע⵽ʣµĸ˶˵ġ
ĺӡ
ĺӣӦ֪Ҫʲôɣѭѭգº͵ʵ
²֪ĺǽ˿Ϊ
֪ܲ빫˽Ҳ˷֮ʵ˵ɵúϹ֪ҪʰԼˡȥʲôжΣգҶԸһ𣿡
ĺӵһ˿ӲɫҲһЩϻǾҾ˵ףѾоΥ
籾вһУҪǹˣүˣҲˣתһ룬Ⱥƽﶼǵȥвֻʱ̬øء
Ȣޣ
ļۣ́صѾȢˡ
кӣ
ĺӵ͸ů⣬һŮܿɰҵһ
ĺӵ̬֪ⲽ߶ˡ
Ӻվɷһȥ
ĺӶ˶٣磬ᶨĵܻʶȻԹΪأӹ
ԣɢҲ־ˣ粻ļ׷ʵ
ĺӵ۾תתûشĻֻ˵幫ӣ֪ʲô˼ɲô˵Ҷ뿪ġ
˵ͷ֪ˣ㣬ͼ룻ܾҵְڡûʲôͻ
ĺӿ˼ͣе幫ҲǸ̹ˡ
˫أʵ
һ𡣡
Ӧ֪ѾھʮⰲӪկͲ¾ݣ
幫ȥݣȻѾȷݲݡ
Ц㵹ֱӡ
ĺϴŵЦ⣬Ҳص幫ӺֱӣҳƪһѣԵЩαˡ
̾ǰФ֪䣬ҲֻΪǹӦˡּŮ٣һŮӣ䣬̾ʶ㣬߻ǲԻ
ĺ΢΢һЦǵĻ󣬿ǽ
תֱĺӣܻʶҲҪʵǿɾ塣˵ЩʱѾĬϾݲݣ˲ˡأܼᶨ˫׷˺ӣȻȻı𣿡
ĺһԣȫû뵽Ƭ֮Ҳ֪ȴʶѡԼļˡ
Ѿѡ񣬶𣿼ȻˣΪҪأҵļݣ֪ҵݣ֪ҶԣǾޣĸ֮ң֮ڴʱ˿ǣһȥݣǲҲТʲ֮ͽܷһݡ
ĺƲͷüͷ壬Ȼѱ˵ɹԸһҪ幫͵ݡ
ĺֻӲĵ幫ӣһǾ仰о
˫ֱ󣬿ĺӣв顣ǵձ𷣣ԸһеΣһݣ˴λȥһ˵Σ޹أֻҵļһ𣬲빶͵
ĺֱֱĶ磬Ŀԣ
ãΪĺӲӦʱֻ˻صȵվ´ǻỤ幫ӻݡ
翪ĵҪװ򶨵ĵлˡ˸תȥӣϲá
ֻĺ˵лңֻΪ˹¡
˵ͷг˸м֮顣ת򷿼ȥ
վѾûĵطˣվѹѹһȺˣˣΪ׵һüĿ㣬Ů˵ˡ
һţһڽ̸𣿡
Ϊ׵˵С㣡Ҫ𾪻ţ幫ȻҪǰȥѾ˶ԲߣֻҪָǡ
͢ﲻڴ幫ʧ𣿡
Ҫҥԣ´ǻϣѲɻϻ᲻֪幫ʧ𣿡
幫ΣӶһִۣΪ׵ȥδ߽㱻һ
ĺǰóƣ˿ܣС˵ǳˡʸ˭
Ϊ׵߽ƣ˫Ҿԭǳµ棬ʧʧˡ
ȵһֽһ֧飬Ҫ𱣻ʹлʵۻӹǣֻ࣬һǧˣǽˣҪո߳һа٣ҪףҪ顣


28 
ĺ΢΢üһڹнϣôᱻɵء֪йеĹأ˵µĺãûпʡ
絹ʵ˲ڹﱣܳʲô
Ϊ׵ӱЦЦ񽻸ǡ
Ҫȥȥǿһ𡣡ʵ
ȥݡ
Ѿٹˣǻ֪𣿡Ż˵ѵϢô
ӵȻ֪Ǵȥջݵġ
Ǻǣ粻ԾЦ˳ʶǳæˣȻŴȥݣصҲǶడⲻǰװ
ӻص޷ȥȻѾ˶Բߣֻּǡ
ȥݣܴܲһ𣿡ȥݣֱӻݣ׻֪ôˡ
ӻδشȵףһ˸ôˣֲʶôС
һ֪ǲǣɷģûƭ㣬ͳٺλ̨ȥ߰ɣҿԱ֤ƽݣǵơ
ĺ΢ͷɨһƣ˵ͷ
ٺʲôǽ״Ԫٺ
¡
ԭ㡣ҡͷЦЦǰ˵½״Ԫһʫ̳ү룬ǰ
״ԪǽңûȥԣȻҲǰװ׵һˡ϶ٺɻҽܵ硣
ٺȻͷԭǳүʧʧ˵ţʩһ
빫δأ̫ˡ
һ£һ¾һӣŶٺһȥݣʣµһݡ
ֱ·ϣٺ˵֣Σأûô򵥣յ飬֪ɽлƫɽУͳҲǲУȥǧأ
֪˿ѾٵУһֱĽǣǽѱܻڵ顣
ʱ˿̣ԼҪȥǣ鷢һ߹°ϣ˵ֱҪء۹ǲԼҪȥѳɶ֣ȥϵҲı䣬ȻǾܾһһ
ֱء
˿ת˵ӣ֪һҿҵļˡ
֣ġ
д̫עĿһ˸Ϊǰȥ·Ͽӱޣĸʱ͵ݵĴš
ֻݳǴŽգһСŹ·˽ǣԱҪܼ飬һٹٱųš
ʱ˵ݹٱٵ˴ˣڵϣһʯ棬ĵʵ
δˣһûСݴʷͶˡ
üͷ˵ڳǰ·ӵϢӦûתĿĵذɡ
ĺҡҡͷᣬĿݣȰݱԱ̫٣ݴʷӦսҲزסǣǻͶɹˡԭҲ
̾˿תڵϣϵĳǹӡ˵ˣҸӽǡӣǽ˳ˡ
ĺͬĵ˵ͷֻˣȥЩܴӴߣ
ҹ䣬˳˼ֻɽǿɫǶֵĺʱ
幫ӣȥȻ㣬˳һ˿ĺӣ˵
ڶȥܼȥ𣿡ĺӿ˿񣬺ĵʵ
ҪݣܴġǿĻص
˲Ÿȥ˳ųǽû㱻Ѳߵʿˣһʱ֮ʸΰ¡
Ǽ幫뿪ȥݵܻءӦûȥǡסǧҪ˸٣۹ĺ˵ָָ꣬һ˳һ˳ȥٱǾŻѣ
翴һŵĹٱǵĺӡ
幫ӿ߰ɣ߾ˡһקһֻ첲ǰȥ
ĺǲ°ɣܱʡҪģĺĳˣԼôԵء
ֿһһ䣬Ӧòᣬ֮ǰݰ£Ϥߵ·뿤ҲݵĹٱѲǣԼǸã߽ʿҲһΣû׷ǵġ幫ӷģ
߹հ˹գòܵһСһߵǰţڴһ˵
ôˣҪʲô
Ҵ򡣡
̫ˣɡ
ֻܽˣǼиӴѪȥæ
ڵŴ˻ţ죬
һ͵ĿһϵвͻȻЩʶԼȷģֱ˿̣ųףһսǹҼңκһ㼫СĴ󶼻˺ͻȻ䣬뵽ĺǡ
幫ӣ
߹ӣһ̧۾ͿŮ١ȵתӣЩ¼ˡ
ڸһֱ˵ˣŮٵĻͣס˿ڣòŵվ͵ҶȥúϢۡ
ǣڸִ뻮һ
һһ˴ڸֱ߳һܾãҲǵӰ
Ůٵͷ֪Щʲô;ӵĿ˿硣
ڸڴһ
Ů٣Է̿𴦣ӡⲽ߽ڡ
Ƕ̫ʦϣֱֱĶ磬ޱ顣
̽ĺһ
šźÿüͷص˭ģǰҲº͡
Ϊһж𣿡һš
ǰ˼ңֻǲһȥ
Իļ˾ȳȥһ𡣡
ǰ˼Ҳֻںҵļˣһں㡣
Ƕ˶٣ֵ޷ôˣʲô£
̱ϣһͷɥûһ㣬ûǸҪһ㡣ǰıԶԣԼʲôأԼĴڣֻ鷳ԺҪȥԼ
뵽ĸܵһִܸСǰûʶԼ֮ĲôĴ󡣾ͺϵƲϵ
Ǽӣ̣ǰĶ䣬Ȼ˾ͻ˰ɡ֮֮ҲҪˡ


29 
Ӳ˲࣬ǵ֡Щԥĵĺǻ棬ҪҪȥǣ
ǲɫջ֣أǴʱ򣬾ѾԤ뵽˸ֽ֡
ǱϾ湫ô꣡Щˣôô塣
磬Ϊ˾˸ء
֪ĳɳսһ˿һ˽⣬ֵսϾͳϰʱ޿̶ôԼôȥȡԼҪģһǶôͲıѾγɵĺɫ֡
һ̰ͻúܿ¡粻ΪϷ˵ҪҲԼ뷨Ȳ˵磬ҲԼһ档
ͷһԭţǿԼһܸˣܻȲǣԼ֣֪ӣһء
ˡǶ⺰һ幫ʰ䣬׼ˮԡ
ǱĿһۣһֱҲȥʱӦú룬ѾˣĽչǷ˳֪缴㲻ܰæҲ˴ҵĺȡ
л㱵վˣȥ˷䡣
תҲȥԼķ䡣ֲϢˣĵļƻú뵽Ӧô죿֪Ǽ£Żֿȭȥˡ
һߣݳڡ
ͬ߰˷ֱݳǳĵؽУ鲼ݳǶϱĸ䣬
һգı֮ǰѾյ̽ӵϢƶõļƻѸٽȺɢǰѾϵõ˼
Щ˻ٶаѱεУǳĴ󻧣ѾΪģȻЩ¸صѲ飬Ÿοɳ֮
ʱգ⼸ˡı֮գѾ˽ƻ֪˻ʵۣԮҲ⼸쵽ˡ
ʱ˿̵ĳ⣬ٺһȺѵ˺üʱˡ
ͳ죬Ҫô죿幫ƺ֪Ѿˡ
ٺ룬Ҫһ˽ȥ̽Ϣ幫Ǵ湥ǴӦѾֲȡʤĻᣬֻǣǾѾֻˣҪȥˡ
ʵ֪滹жѾ
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˭ȥٺߵһʵ
ҽȥɣԭݳǵˣҼͶǲôģݳŵǾΪǼҵĲƲҲɱңǻвҲ֪ôˡ
ֹӣ뷨̫ˣҪҵǮֱžˡ
ӵǲһݸ˼иأһܵطһȡȥ֮󣬺ܷƣ׸үүֻϢȻǵģǼҲصֻҵ֪ҵˣֻʣ֪ˡ
һ𣿡̾Ǯ˻Ǯ
æ˵ģֻҪ˴ǽѾּԸһλѹ񡣡
ļٵģһ𰡣ǲٶˣһ˾ٶ𰡡
ˣӷˡ
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㻹ʲôȥµĵˡ
ǣٽ𰡣Ժдһ궼ûôٺ»
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ٺ۷׷ףüͷɨˣ̱첻Ǽ䣬ǣ֪ս˵Ǻ£ҲͲˡ
ֹӣҾòףҪɱأֻǵȡ˽ӣɱȫء̫ˡҲȥðաٺӰ˰֣ͬ顣
ҵ޷˰ֹӵСˣһŽȥݳôּҲͶ̫ı㷢飬ҲиӦǵֲ˵жһаٵ̫ˣһʮܹ黹ǿԵġ
һͷͳ죬ȥɡұϤƣҪҵ˹Ҳܾ콫Ϣݸ㡣
ٺ˼һǺðɣǾֹˡ
һӾʹҡڵš
ͣ£һţͱٱʲôģ
ЦĴкһ˹ٱļϣôǣ˵ǣ˼죬ǾͲʶˣ
󵨣ǹٱ˦ӵ֣γ
ᣬˣˣүּҩ̵ģּҩ֪𣿲ּ֪ҩ̰ݳҩ̡ǼүŴʶˣġôûǣģѹֲʶǼү
ǹٱת˼Ȧ˵ּҵĴүϲıˣ˼Ϸʡ
ִүǴ
̯ӣס۵̫̫ôɹˣⶼˣǵġ
꣬ſǹٱⲻǳȥȥ˶ˣջ㻹˵ǵطǲѹ˼õءǷ羰þˣŮء
˵⣬ӵͷڹٱĶߵݵĲ֪Ư٣пգŴ˴ȥơ
ǹٱЦֹǼʶ㡣ﰵ룬ԭǸӵܰ
ֹӲ֪ݳǷʲô飿
ʲôһȵʵ˵ţߴӻͳкõӣң
⼾ӣңǹٱӣңҲ˸ղŵ̸
˭ҿݳǵһ竣ʲôöҵòġӳź˰̧֣һСӣҳʵֻ·ϼģ˶İɡ
ⲻǴӾݻ·ģʹһСԡ⼸Ŵڻˣġ
˵ţһӵסǰ̫һߴһӣңҪǸǣû
ǾͲˡ
ֻܳԡӻ˻ֽ֣ǰ˵ݣˣղ˵ݳǷʲôˣ
Ǽٱ࿴˿ѵûյϢ뿤ıˣѾ뿤ˡ
ӾȵŴͣ⡭⣬Ҳû˵
һһֱδ˵Ĺٱ̽ŵֹô£
ҡҡͷôСϰգֻԼӣ˭ǹӣ˭¡ģѡء


30 
˵ŻȻԱ˹󻹸ıŮ˷׷ֻ֣ͣʣһеӳˮ
μˣ
ԱЦ̧̧֣ʾȴһֱӵϣֹӣǴ
ƳԱһۣӣ˼£صӾݻԱ˽ð
Цô
ͦõģ˵ʲôӵͫײСЦǺǵ˵ɨɨԱߵ
𣿡ɫȻô˵ڵڷ·ءֹδӾݰȻܻأ
ץӵֽӲڰУǿװһ򶨵ӣҿû˵˾þݳǣǴ˼Ϣɡ
۾ضӣǰ˼ֹӼȻˣЩؼҿɣ㲻ڵЩӣɵˡ
ȻȻҲʮֹӽ𣬶λٱǾͲ˵ˣȸˡ˵곯Сǻ˻֡
·Աߵʱ̲ס࿴˼ۣԱһֱԼæ˵δСֱøӳˡ˼һǧԶʤ򱦰
Ҳӣתͷ
Ѿܾûˣһʼ˵Ϊҵ磬˽Դˣ˺Щʱգַ˽ֻǳȥˣŷ뿤ıô飬ӶûĲ֪װ֪ءĲ֪ôԶھݵ⹫Ѿ֪̽ϢӾ᲻֪
ԼǸ̫ԶˣҲԸ⶯ȥӵʲôֻȫ׼ŻģΪڵݳѲԭְ̩ݳˡ
ӼҲԼԳЦЦǻûԭԼɡ㲻˵
ּ̤ҸۡĴţӾͼһȺʿΧԼҵĻ԰ﶷУ˭˭Ҽҵģ
ϣλһֹӰɣպã̫ʱˡһһݣΧ¿˿һֱϸǮϽóɡ
ǿ𣿡
ǿ㿴ǵ·ǹٱ
Ӷôˣַ˸սţһ۾ע⵽Լ˼ĺĺӣǰȥסӡַ˵ứ˳׻Ϊʲôء

ڴϣȥôҲ˯ţǵ̬ʵ̫ԷֱˣһǡʱʱŰûǱŰԼܣԼܶˣҲܰɡ̾˿Լȥ˯ȥЩ顣
һǣڿ˼ŶԲߡıսֻҪǽ죬Ǿһһʿõˡ
ݣıپǸyaoͰӣֱײ׼첻ľǡֻ¡ǲԸȥĽԸôˣҲɲȫˡ
Ǵ˿̿ʼȥ룬Ϊʲôϲأһӵˣһһջǻ˻ѾӲĲӣοԼΪֶȱٵİɡ
ˣľλϵš
ŮٳգգۣԴݣɴûôšԴݣҹҹһϣûиԼʱţʱһֻһ١ô磬Ϊ幫Ӱɡ
ŮҲΪ¶幫ӻим֮飬ֻǸСùģԸΪţһ㹻ˡ
˵ͷҲ˵ӾͿʼһǷſûԼͷӦˡ
˼Ϻõĵĸҿͷˡ
ЦΪ˵ʲôˡ
ǼڣҲЦ˳Цʲô
Цʲô練ʵ
Ϲŵ΢ЦҹĲȥˣʲôܱȵһЦء
ĺӻˣҹȥˡǵͷһߺ࣬һװĵ˵
û˰ɣܿġ
ûУǶݺϤЩȻ׷ǡ
ǾͺáоÿӶˣͷǣһΪʯĳ
΢ü֪˵ö˲죬ɻǼ˵ЩʱҪʯĳȻẦ˸ˣ𣿡
˵ͷδڣͿһ˻𼱻ǵ˽£ɱ˶ʮˣԵٲͻɱˡ
֮̾ǰĻһᵽ龰ˡ
ĿڿУüͷ壬ղʲôɱ˶ʮˣΪ˱ƹ
ıɹЩ˿ɶ񰡡
ǻصܶҪֻٻǶԾū
Ʈҡҡͷ̫ˣ񲻺ãôЧҵأ
ǻصΪҪЧңС
˶û˵ãʵӦóȥ𣿡
ȥˣǻɱô죿޹۾ʵ
Цһ⻹дȥ
ݣ֪Լ˵ˣæ˵Ȼ᲻ùȥֻǲ֪ʲôõļƲߣһʯ񡣡
ǵûּƲߣһˡȥˣջҲĸࣻҲȥձȻǽõļƲҲһʯֻܴƽ֡
æ˵ҲҪȥ
ΪΣǵ˺ܶࡣԭΪĴҪأˣǻΪԼǣԼļ˰˾ͲôˡãЦЦϲ̵ˡ
ȥˣô죿ҪˣҲˡҵδ뿪ңһҪô졣ûиӻݣȹģҵ̹ңҪ޵ʱʧ͡ѳɶ֣޷أҾκ˺㡣
֪û£ҲֻʱģٻһЩݣֻǻļ˲
𣿡翪ĵĽ
ȻģԼˡ
е㺦ߵĵղ˵ˡ
ǣʲô⣿
صȻ⣬ǾζҲǹˣңԼ
ǺܲӵĵҶ˶ҵģһֱԼⲻҪҵĶ飬Ҫλ


31 
ľ֮£ĵλǰһˣΣҲһȺУ¼ۣıˡ
£յϢǰݡò˼죬ݾͿɱոˡ
Ҫܵݣǵһ仰ȴȫž
ʱ²ȷѾ幫ʧܾˣв֪ݳǵʵ
šһֵõ㹻ˣһǲصġ£ҪҪһ¾άݵİȫ
ǡŮٿһˣر磬˵ԴٽѾɱʮˣҪЮ³档ʱţɱҲԽԽƣλӦȫ׼Ľ硪ǣλһ£Σѵ£λܱסݶˣǲΪһճǡ
תͷˣ⾿ǲģ̶죬Ѿɱ˽İˡɵ˳˶鵭û۷׷ףһһ̸ԼĹ۵㣬ڴ˵һ
УˣǸˡᵽսǲпģԶͨˡΪЩͨˣõϢԶµ׼ȷġ
뷨ʼת䣬ʶڴѹֻǮûõģ㻹ҪȨݳ׸֮ӣûһݣҲܾݵءǮҲһĲпᣬ׻ҪЩûǮơǮʲôء
ʱ任ָ棬ΨһֻȨֻһȨԶָֻţۻŻĲƸʲôԵءԼĵ°мʸȨʲôߵءͷķǡ
֪룬ҲľȡѹУҪֺЩͨʲôءһȺУ̸δι滮յ̸۰ϵҪջҪĺá
£ʮգ幫Ǳ߾ܴãԮͻִݣǵҲѾ׼ˣʱؿԶӦս
ǵͣһֱڴ״̬ϣϵãǶźһ飬ԮˣӦϡ
ǣӦ
¾°ɡǻ˻֣ʾǿԳȥˡ
̧ͷԮĸŽǣֻȳѵҪǰճǲ룬Ҫأ
ѾϯļˣĬĬԭλҲǶԣ⣬ӦöˣʳδүǾͱҪԹԵţ¶м顣
̧ۣ缸룬ĺӣ˵һ˵еĵɡ
ǡĺӽתһ࣬幫ӣҾһ߰գѾĺҲԸིѾӦóǵֻС
ǾͳߺüطİգĽǵȫߣѾ֪һ䡣
ûôıĺӽŽӵѾˣǳ߶ϱİգҲ㹻ıΧǣôǷԮӺδǷԮʱ
֪ǲĵʵԣЩ޹İվֻˣ
ǵģΪѵһԱʹΪһЩ顣

Ѿ޿ˣȺҳԺȱҵʲôķƹݣ
Ա⣬ˣҪŶ¡
̾˿ֹӣһ̰ɣǶ뿤ˣǹܣҲܲˡ
ǹܲˣڵһվԭת˺üȦȦ޶ԺζĿɹƭûһǲģ·ϻһЩڴϵϷҸŮ㾹Ȼ˵ǲܣ
ʮεӶţֹӣҲмˣӦöݳǵʮ˽ˡ£λﰵﶼ˵Լ뿤ˣµǻϾʰǡҪǵ뿤㿴⼸λ˻˭һССԱ⣬ôأ˰
˵⻰ٱȵ˽໵ķҪӵˣҾǸС٣Žһˣɱ֪ô
ĵ˵λʿˣֹӲǸ˼
ҲܣϽץȥץȥ͵űժɴñɣҪдŸүǼҰģ
ˣһ˿ıóѵС⣬Ǿ͹ҼҵĽҰɡôҲּҩ̵ӣҪؽ»Ļ̻̣ү֮ǰҲ˵ܵЩˣԺʤˣҪǽµݳء
Ǽ໥֮俴˿Ǿü죡
΢ܿʧˣ溰ˣ˹ؽ︮Ľңûҵ׼
ӸҪŭ˴ϵصѹһ¡
ҹֲָСǽڵµģҲûСţԼڼҪô졣
ţű˴ˣ˺СģڶûĽŲֹӣ
ӽŻ⿴˿ˣʲô
ѹĵصȥˣ
˵Žż⣬ĵĴڵͨУӵˣǼһЩ
ҲǵΪ˱޽ġ
֪ʲô˼ȻʵĻλҲģ뿤ֶûʲôͬŹȥ˼ʮ꣬ʷˡ
ߵһǰţȻϵİťԱߵͨ˳ųģһȰš
תͷţֻһۣƼԼƼˡ幫ô
һߣΧż̴ӣӣһ㶼ȣ
ЦЦˣûֻһˡ
ε¶ɻ漴Ȼȥ˰ɡǶȢϱ֪Ůӣ˲֪Ҳֻܰ統ӣⱩ¶ݡ
ӵǺܾ˾Ȼ֪Լ幫
͵ջҼˣ㻳ˣǵĿһ㶼ݳǵˣѧ˵ҲֻƭƭЩеˣôƭأһ¾֪㰡Ǹﲻ֪Ҫ֪˻ȥ
ӻȻ򣬵ѹִҪ˶ˡ
ηʵ˭ģжˣ
ٺʶ½¿״ԪҲͳ죬ˣĺӿǵƣȷǴӾġ
ҡҡͷֵ˵ͷ½¿״Ԫٺ˵ûʲôƻ
һһʮĵǴӴͻЩôҲ벻˸ҴӴͻ˴ͻƣΪ˾˺գٺҹҹҲǵоʱ򡣡
ţͬĵ˵ͷʵˣ֪ݳĲͼ
¹֪ٿԴԴͶ֮Ϊ˱ֳ̬ȣʲôûǡ
˾ȿıھݣǳç򡣡Ǳӵ˵ֿ˷Ը׼׼ʱԽԽãĵסٺɰסж˭飿
лҪ˵лΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
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л[ӪҺ]Сʹ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


32 
飬Ӽæֻ˽ңҪϢ߶ĵĶź󡣴˽źһסĲӡ
ҡ
ӺܳԾǰôˡ
ת´ӣû°ɡ
Щ㱣ò׿סԼϲ֮飬û°ûô
ǾͺãЩ㡣ӻͳһЩõĵģֵҲˣݳǺ޼Ѿһˣ뿤£Ҳû˸ҹǣӰɡ
ӽӹģЩ˼ã֪ˣôң
ܹû⣬ֻúϢˡ
ӳıӰ⼸վͱˣȫ
ĶĵĲԽλش⡣
Ϊβֱɴʰ٣ǲˣ˵˶࣬Ի˵Ҳడǲʮľ𣿡
ȷʵˣҪܱѪвǸãսϣıʤ˵˱Ҳͨϰ˵־ζο񴦴ܵУ߽սʿܵܵҲҪȹžáҺͻʽѾ߻˺óһʱ䣬ͶѣҲֵô󶯸ɸꡣ
ԽԽεЩսˣôܱ֤Ĳء뵽оЩмǺΣǸݳǵİһڵһУܺùǡ
̾˿ֻǲ֪Ǳ߻Ρ
̶һҹݳǵһʿѽ⻹Ҫлǵľˮɺҩ
գݳѾȫźˣǺͬıˣȫɱ壬ɱ˽߰ˡνǽݵһϴա
Ŵ·ǳģݳѾʰˣ¾͵ˣļѱô뵽ÿһλټ棬ᱻ¼ڰǰıžͱʵץ˼ء
üͷҲ֪˵ʲôҲûãֻѹıǵļʲôϵأɱ޹ʲô
ǲֻŲ˵ЩˣűϳˣôҪڶ̶̼֮ھƷʮ˼ءָָʾԼǰʲô˵𣿡
ҡҡͷ
΢΢üֵ֪ĵԸˣķչֻˣ׵ģ𣿡
練סǵ֣һ£Ҫȥһ¡
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ǿЦҲˣƿҲûȥҼ˶ٺ¿״Ԫ㡣
磬ֻһ绪˿˪˵һϣüĿ価׵ǳ̲ס̧֣˳üëĻ£Ҫһü
ץס֣ǵ۾͵ǻԹҾһ˶ʮ꣬ԽԽˡ
ס°ͣͷ۾ҲûϵòǿԼףǸˣǳϵĳӣЩòȥף̡ԥһֽ˵ɻ̫̣
ץסǻеԥЦЦһɨŵĵͳסǵ֣ڱ֤ʲôʲôŵδ˵ÿ˵Ը滷͵ġڻʼңȻϰղ׵ѹ۹ֻҪ£ǲ᲻ϲģİɡ
࣬˿һ㣬˦֣εϲϲ顣
ЦſǣֱۻǵϸͷǵıϣůůЦ⣬˿ڸǲסеĿɬӵһݼ򵥴ãɰǣעñضĶ
Ǳͻӵסˣȴûƿ硣üŴδйĵģǹǰǰǣܶණһҪһ£ҲôǷĴء
֪Ϊȥݣǽִĸ첲ϣа뿿ŵµգ˵ĸҪģٵݳ֮ĸҹң˼ͿݵĿĲǣ浽㣬ңϣΣʱ̣ܷһ·Ԩ
Цĸ϶֪㰮ˣ᲻ء
ǽ֣۾͸һ˿ɷ羰ĵҲ᲻ãҪǻҵһõˣҲС
᲻Ҿƿһ˺ö죬ʳ˿ڣһʱ򣬾ǣԼʲôĴڡ
תȥĿ磬Ѫ˿̧֣۾ϣأеȵ۾ϣ۾ǵĴ۾ϡ
ǵͷĶߵҺҪ㣬Ҿ;úܰġĴھ塣
ųһõ΢ЦӦЩˣֻȵĿǣ˯˹ȥ֮˯õһˡ

˻Դڴ˯˹
ǰ飬ȥ̱첻̸ۡ⼸ΪδүĪģûٱүˣҲģˣ΢Ҫѵ⡣
һһεգ˵ˣң⼸̫ˣҲãλˡ˵꣬ŴҾ;һ
ŵ÷׷ľһӿˣ²ҵ
һ죬ǿЦ⣬һԲ
˷׷ϣ㱨˵ɱʱѹ࣬˵ĿĶ׼磬Ҳĵɨ硣
絭ЦЦ޷˵ġ
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ݶˣ߳ŭ˵һȰ˵²ʱǵ뷨
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֪Ը⽫ϣһѹݣֻ˼͵شд³ӹܾӣ̣߽


33 
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ؼ·ϣŵƽʣ̼֮飬֮ʱ֣ͬһȾƳԷò⣬ս˼׮ԩеĳƺΪƽֻҪʱ·̣Ӳĥĥ컹ûݡ
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34 
ǾԼǰ߳ëˣ⻹ûأź˯һǰͬסһ֮٣Ҳû˯һ𰡣鶼ˣ˯ġԺȥ˯ƫ
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΢΢һЦҸջعϰߣҹɡ
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35 
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ܹƽģΪûүȨֻүȨУүԼɡ
¶òʽЦ⣬Ǻǣǣǰɡ


36 
鹫ǰ죬һҾƹݿӪҵˡϲ̵ĿԼĵ̣ôĵ棬ҿ᲻⣬ǮǺã׳԰׺ȵСˬ
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򣬵˭ǸģⲻǱ˱ˡ
Ҿ֪˹Ϊ֮ԭڱң̫ɶˡ
ЦЦ첲ѹֽ˳һƹһҵ
ҵ
ǰǰûҵ
ǻһ£Уǰҵǡλ˵оηɢоעλ⳯ϵΣȣû֡
ſϣ˻Դ˵һϲҵ˵֣һҲ벻ӡ
ǳһӣԱߣĥ
Ҫдҵ𣿡͸Ź⡣
һΣ²Ϊ
ڶҲûϸҵ磬Яžȥ˻ʹʦմմϲο㻹ôΪҡ
ֱʦɫԽԽѿʶ˲Ծ
ǣ죬ûѵڻʹſվһ죬ֱɹ˹ȥ绹øǣһԭġ
ҵǰκдţ幫Ρճϡ˹պȥܱ֤ͯҵ
ûʱҵʹ幫Ρճϡ˹պ˿ҵЦ˼ӴѵѶȡ
ԶڹǣֺǺǵĺŲ裬һһЦȻ
ڶ죬ӻ磬С˸֪ԺĿγ̼˱뽣ȣˮûȣ˹ȥ
ÿձдԼϿɹս黭ȼܣҪʦĿ¼˱뽣ȡڽձĲɷʱ͸¶ԼȡϿֶѵԼÿձԴ˱ʾǿҵľ⡣
ձд𣿡
ԣЩɣԺÿ춼ҪдҪǴһȱˡҴʽ㰡
ڽǵϵĻŴºĬĬ˵ǹܣ갡


37 
ƻֻװ٣һݣֱӽʦȥ˹䣬һһİǸƽϢ˹ǵŭ
סڹˡŲ裬ǳƽ˵ڻûףסڹ㣬һԺӣȥסɡ
绹ǵһҲ
Ͱȥ΢˵
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ǣǵָôŲ豭˼һڹأΪã㲻ܵ࣬𣿡
һл
Ҹ˲ˡ
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ţǵ˵ͷǰɣУ˭̲ס
Ůȥˣ£ȥƹݲ¥תת
μһӾǵĸʱϴϲ棬ǡǶˡ
ɣ񡣡ǵתͷ˵һֱδȥǽ˵Ϊλ
ӵ²ǵˣǺλ
λ룬ˣةĵڶӡ
δ
ǵģδ΢ĽѾãܵüʵҡλվ⣬ͷֱǡ
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λ֪ҪͿˣɻǲȥ˵΢˵оӾ飬˵Ҳɣ΢Ҳо֪ܷ빫̸䡣
ŵ֪ãвŻˣȻԸ⽻Ｘ˼ǻص֪ʲôߣ
΢ȥũ۲˼죬ᡣλ˵ˣߵˣ첻
ǳžƹݵĹܼʹ˸ɫܼ˳ȥǵˣͽ̸ɡ
λϲŹؾص£̧ͷĵĿǣֻǰһѣΣ˾ɫļˣò˶ˣ˵˫ıŻ
΢˵ټСԱڵϸɡ
ҲȷʵˣҴѽ˻ϣǴƱɾĻҡ
΢ǰȥũңһũһֽСʳֻһ߰˴㹻һһĻʳĶأԱ֤һĿһ²ӣʳҴձֲһٵ⣬Ҳӭжˡ
Ŷֶδ־ϲ
ǣţ΢Դǰȥһֻʳʳ֮ζũǶԣҲ֡
ǵһЦȥҪȷǷôĶ
һǴԺģÿհʱ̵ȥԺսĺܿ졣ɣѻʵ۵оҲһʦʦ֣Χ¯࣬Ҳһ֡ΨִѶ棬ԺѡһˣֻӮ䡣λŵ÷׷׳ƲԺѣټ
ΪδĴˣҲ׷ģһԭλ˷׷ټʵΣܲ˴ϳɣֻѡ˸뺲Ժһµ硣
Ŵ£д󾪣ȴҲް취ֻŮһչ˺磬׼κβء
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أæž飬ȻȻҲǰƵģܳʱȥ硣
òװ˱ǰһ죬
үҪͳȥתתɣͱˣҪ飬ѹ̫ҲѧôˣϢһ°ɡһλԺĴ˵λ˷׷ͬ
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˹Ц߽һҺĲ¥϶¥ֻһ۱㿴λһǽǵǡ
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ƽƽҲĵԹԵǡ
һ̧ۣͿ磬ϵıҲԼʲôһһߵЩˣʱˣһʱ֮侹֪˵ʲô
ȿڵɰ
ǵһ˿죬ȻûлӦ硣
λֵˣˡ
ˣ˼֣Դ˾ݺ˶ƺΪүĬǻ׵ʵԼǵĻǶ˵ġպλһУһʵǲûгɻ飬ͻʥּûС
ˡԷ˭ʣܵĻصתͷ˵ǽճ飬ȺȲ裬ʦսţҲȥǵˡ
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תˣŵŵŵ¥
ǴȥʱŷѾˡãԼҲûʲô鰡ôֱ׽ĸоҲ֪ǲôģҲûʲôŴԼˣʹظˡ
ڶգڽʱ뺲ԺһģҲδǡ
ǲˣŮٸǵĶߵ
װ֪ĵΪ
£үһȥɢĵġŮί˵
ǲɫķţû£Ϊ
Ůҧҧû˵µǲС
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ŭȼգûпԼΪʲôһԼأеŭйϣµ͹ԷĳǳأŲʮУ·硣
һﰲοһҪסɲСС֡ɾѶһʱ֮ҲŤתϵ˷׷˰Ѻ
ǽŵĽžƱһˣѵδ棬һ߳ŭصĳͷġ
翴棬һƬڰУƺѿĻ·ܶʱһ˴һһעˣչ켣أ


38 
л㱳һһƽյ·ԶĶദӡ
֮ϵ˶ҵĴˣֲûֵӰ죬ƺ϶˰·ֻڴ
粻ȥܱ˵ľ֮ɫԼУԼڴˣôأҪĶĲʧȥ𣿻ʧȥҲûʲô
ߴһһŰ͵Էߡһһʧȥ罫һʧȥ
Է¶һʤ΢Ц
ȻֵĽУܿ췢ļıʧȥΪĿ·ҲΪ˽·
ѾˣѾû˻ء
˫ڼԼľ棬Ĵ򷨶һȻӮ˵Ҳ䣬һԺΪ
ϲЦտܶණǽվƱҲɿˡ
˵Ϊ˭˼£Ǳˡ
һۣܿڴԶ˶֪δĴո߳Ǵ֣ԺЩҲ
ÿձץסλᣬǧĸ߼Ķרã
ˣΧµôãʲôԭأ
΢΢Ц츳ɣûʲô廹õĳ֡
˵˿˼ҵ̣׬˲ǮʲôҪ¿̵𣿡
˼һҿ̵ҪĿĲΪ׬ǮҶǮȤ׬Ǯֻһ˳飬ʵԼĹ˳һ顣˵ʵҾֵһʱûǮʱˡҪ˵ҾҪľǳˡ
ɷõ˸ŵ˵ͷûǮʱҲ֣ܿʱ׽ɽץȷʵУʱһǮҪ뻨ʱôأ
ԼʱһҵˣҵֻһѾźң˼ҶѾźʱر㻨ǮҲûˣԭˣĵط䷿ôǼȴһֱС
ɷõˣ˵ľͺá
˶޴ҵһλˣôأڰϳ֮ǰ֪ҴѵһŮ𣿡
ҡҡͷҵĲ֪ҶӵòҪ󲻸ߣҾҪľҵһǣĵӸλҲѳڳ࣬˵ʵ˸˲ͬҿһǲҸоøҲ࣬ƽƽ棬ͦõġ
ɷõƤЦⲻЦ
֮ǰ˷ȥгˣݣҲҪԼЩ𣿡
ǲô˵ڳ͢ʲôݣ˺ԺĴţҾһͨС񣬸һ
ɷõ˱죬ᣬã˻֣һһ˹ɷá
˹ˣҲˣǲʮֵĿ֣
ӣ˵ͷϿʲôˣҸоԼʵһһе״̬Ҿÿ˴ĳ˵ӵеĶࡣ
Ĳɷߣã˳ȥԭĲɷ˵ҸɲˣüǮ
ǾšÿձǺǵЦţƽƽ棿һ
ǵǽգбŷɱ⡣
ǻûɡŮٸԶѣϹĵЦʱ˭Ҫ˹˭Լ׼Ĩ˲Ӱɡ
ʲôģߵø磬ǰɡ
Ů٣ȥ磬ʱҡ
£Ҫ׼õǸĻһʱ벻
̧ۿ˿Ů٣͵˵а취Ͱ˵İ졣
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ŮĬĬ˳ȥתȥһԷ
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Ǻǣǽֽһţ¶һЦ⣬ãȥ˵һԼȳ׷Ժұˡ
ŮһĬĬ˳ȥߵſʱſڵ˵Ů٣Ǹʲôأܵͦڰȥİ
ŮһϣĻصȥ~˸ұƥ
һŮٳſˣ˵ӹּǡ
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סǿɾͳסˡ
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Ůҡҡͷ
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⼸ڸʲôأ
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ǲ֮࣬Ҳȥžȥһɡ
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дʱһ۱ǣҲĿ˴˸кˡ
գգۣŮ˵ղɣû𣿡
Ů룬΢֪΢ûղ˭ˡ
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£ǺǲܽģƼݴɣƷһϡ
ֱֱĿˣԷ˿ûж㿪֮⣬µģãǱҪһɡ
ڰѾûˣ²⣬Ƽݺ᷿ɣԱƽʱԷ
ǵ˵ͷ޷ȥɡ
ڳǵĻ룬ԼȷʵЩˣô˵ҲŮԼüˣôȥҪѷŪûˣǱ˱ˡ뵽⣬˳ǵķȥﰵȸᡣ


39 
ĲˣҲ˷ϣֱӵݸǡ
̧ۣ΢۾Ҳãֻǵ߾ǿͣôģ
ŮټûһҪͣģæ˹ˣ˵м仰ҵ˼ǲҽӴġݹأСݵôһء
΢ЩˣǺǵЦô˵ƹҲ䲻ˣ
Ȼ䲻ϣ˭ϣȻǺ͹һĴٹˡ˫ֱз⣬Ϊǽ͵ġ
ȻˣǾɣߣһתݺݵײز
أǵıӰһԲ֮ռλҲͰˣȥʲôΨ鲻У˶ģԥǡ
žŮٿ˦һصĲ豭С˵£ǸʲôˣҲ˽һ㣬ȻСڣ֣ȴ俴ظ飬ԸΪ˵ðΣա
̧ۣüۼǹһ˪ˣ˵飿ûܵô衣ǳԶ˱ôô޼ɵ
ʽ㰡ʽ㣬ôôظأˡ幫ĲӣϹſϷı顣
ΣüҲһûûС
ʽ㣬Ҳǣǰɡת˼Ȧ˿ΧĵôõĶˤʲôˡ
Σ¾˵ûˣ
˻ЦӯӯߵߣŮʹ˸ɫŮټ˳ȥھʣǶˡ
ʽ㣬Ƿ壿
ȻתͷΣһɻ
ںܶǷЩԵ
ʱȷʵˡ
º𣿡
Ҳºͣʱִֵúܡ˶Ƣߵĵ
ȻˣʽӦ֪һִ֣ЩԵˣôԼ泯Ľģ黨ǲء
ʲôǵһһףĺģ黨ǲݣ
΢΢һЦݶ֪빫ΪةҵĶӡ
̾˿һε˵ؼЩȫԼˣȥ˼£֪η
ǵ˵һۡԼةҵĶӺ˸һ˵£ôô˶ǱĴ
ǿǵ뷨ʽ㣬Ȳ貢ûʲôؼºһ仰Ҳͣ˵壬˵ľѳ²ˣҪǸʿʽ֮ǰѳٺȲ裬ʽѵһ仰Ҳ˵𣿾Ͳ¸ΪʽҪ޸٣
ο˿ˣֻ˵˵ͷָָ档
·ʽ㣬ɱȳõ¸ӶˡһԼˡ
һ˾ţԼе˵һȲȥҸʽȥͣһǾ粻뿪ĵλ⣬粻Ը⣬Ҳ˻飻϶縶ĸҪࡣһҲѳˡ
죬οԼҲдﲻֱʣҪô䡣
ȥү벻ͱˡ̧ͷŮ˵Ҫǻ벻ڡ
һʱ䣬Ůٻˣĸˣ̧ű廨硣
£ˡ
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ŴǣҪҶְɣһɰ翴׼ʱ˳ȥǵ칫ˣԼɡ
һʱûӦԭء
ڶ죬ֱץˡ
һڴ֮ϣӸµµ磺ʲôܲˣ
ҡҡͷ
΢΢һЦǰ̨ףߵߣ°ͣʵǴӻǲӣ
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ˣҸ̫죬֪ʲôȽϺá
ʵʵڴϵһߣ㲻Ҷɣ
΢΢ǰջԣ㲻Ϊͱ˺˱𣿻ɱĽģǱҲֻôˣһ֣ǲǾͲˡ
죬ǿЦ⣬Ҹ֣
ȻˣǱ㣬ûܺͱȴ
˵ͷ˵Ұɡ
ߡǵϷһƬǲ֪߰
΢΢ǰ绷סǵĶ˵蹫ôҲ֪ڹҪˡĴ£ǵȵ»֮ɡҲẦߵĺ
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һ̧ͷ˵ԣϴһߣʲôЦģȲͺȲ裬ЦôģҲҽ͡
Ķ䣬㰡Ϊβأ֪ҲóЩ飬ˡ´Ҫңһúø㽲
üĿЦ⣬ǵĴһǡ
վŮһЦ⡣
ԴǺͺúݵǵӰ仨ССԡͻ棬ò⡣
ϺͻʺۼǶˣҲʮֻϲôŮʮġ
޹Ȩ󣬶ԻλӰ죬Լֺ޹ģҲڳɣؼǼﲻȱǮҲòŻ˷ֱ֣ѡղײա
ٳٲ飬Ϻα㰵ʾ飬º֮ҪʾΪʥּİ䷢ҲģϿɲּŮ
մ裬ɲɡɼںӭ֮Ϊ񡱡
ɲɡýзĸиŮ顣Ҫȥ飬ϲּһͰźˣٺĸλӸλûΣɴǰȥ顣
ɲ֮󣬾Ҫ֣ν֮֮ռǷСɼ㣬ҲͰźˣνǼܾû˵Ļϻʺ󣬻ϷϲЦտ
ЩˣҪƸ֮Ҳǡ
ݳǵ׸Ҫ˵ǮȻûлʹĶ࣬ҲԲ١
ǪƽԢⳤþãһףһף䱭һףĸ׹ֻһףʯ崮ˮ帱˿ľǶ崮˼ҾƷ˿ׯ
ԽԽ𾪣ЩʹҲʯ˵ʹҲֻҾȻ崮ǲƴ֡˹˼ҾƷ˿ׯ͸ˣǴţ׺󣬾Ҫȫּĵˣеһжˡ
ţ鲻Խ¶Ц⣬ľġ
£һ㣬ôҲǴѵĳŮٰ΢ĵѵ


40 
΢򱡴ƯŮһۡ
Ƹ󣬾ҪѡһӭȢǡڡѾ¶ʮǻƵգ˫飬ھͶ
ҵĻǰ׼Ϳʼˣ˵ݵĴٹ˶Ϊͷڿǻ¸ĺʱ˭֪̫ϲľԼĴʽ㣬ܵóԼ䣬˵ܱ̫ʶӴƽơ
ǣǱܳ谮ĳݳǵ׸ʲôöûҪʲôԵгء
ԴӶ˻ڣĬĬһڸţŶɡ类ϻԼıԷ֮ղܼʵ
ºڷҹФİɵǱ˹Ϣǵķ䡣
èӣںҹǰıһڴߣһյơ
ϸĿ˿磬ȷûգգ۵ôܵˣ˵ţЦ
档ӹĵյЬһߣڴϡ
ڣںںڵһƬ΢ôˣñƵģ
˸ǷתתԴǲĿѸٵѵԼ£ڴϣҾģ̫ˣ˯ˣɡ
㣿Ǻÿüš磬˭ڱ˯ģǻûء
緭˸ǣ̫ˣ˯һ
εЦҡҡͷߣֱͨͨǰʲô컹ҪءοԼɻǲ˯һһ˯磬޺޵İһۣ˵ȤԼ˯㡣
Ǻڹ˶ԶĿڹҹ˾˾ߣⰲʲô˼ν·˽֪
ƫƫһغںλҲû˸˵һӦٶҲоȫȻ֪ۼû˸˵ʵվ˳ҹȥ·ϽҲϾԼŮֻ֮鶯֮˵ͨ硣
ǼûȻȥ֪ʽȥҲģԼȵ˯ˣ˯֮ʱ룺ãñĹг߾ߡţȴЦˡ
֮˵һͱʰҰŪűһºǹô͵˹̽ͷǡ
ϣɹ٣㼱ʲôϽȥ⻹ܼأ֮ǰܼ档ϲ糯Ժȥ
һ죬߶ǻĵЦţߡִϲ֮ղѾū̫̣ҲЦȥˡ
һϲˣ˺ͷ£ߣҷ
˰죬ǿһϲˣһ󷢺죬ϲнӹ컨סһߣȥ
ޣнСˮ·̶ӣרŹֵʿʮˣɨصˮͰڶ֮ǰɨһǰ·һŮſúܻһŮǶӽ롱˸߲ҵҪС̶ӵĺǰС
ݣǰһƬڰֻܿŽϲЬء
͸Ǵʽ㴩װ㿴С幫ΰĶ˵˹ǵһͬ⡣
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ǵ񼫶ȵ֣ͣ΢΢̧ͷӡĴϣһǣģ˼⡣
⣬ȼڣȶ΢ŻζţʱһһΣһϲ˳ŵһϸѩ׵΢΢ѹһͬϸѩ׵ϣ˫ʮָ۽һ𡭡
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