www.727txt.com
ྫʺ龡www.727txt.com
μҷ¡ߣ

İ

һİĶܸˣ˽󣬶־Щ
Ϊ˿һĴϣӵ˵ٹҪˡ

PS
ٸ
дԽԪ

ֲָܽ
ܵ趨Ƕ⡪Ķ⡣Ӳ˻ߣܡһ(ڻ)ҩϴ(Ȼ˴)



ݱǩ   Խʱ

ǣʯСʯ  ǣۣС 


Ʒ

һİĶܸˣ˽־ЩˡΪ˿һĴϣӵ ֮֮ӹĶȢһСɣӴ˱㿪ʼˣϱޣũҺԽԽбͷˣֻǶ֣¶СɾвСĴ ǣϱޣ⣬ӦԶ̫ڡֿŵСɡҪǹ˹СճиȤ¡ķ绶ɣȻҪдճ˼ʵȻճ渵˼ҲìܣΪԸ⣬ʱҲìܣǹͬǻĥϣͬʱҲԽԽ¾ܾʣֵһ




1

ǵǱ˿ˣ˲ζ
ˣϰгֱӱûʲôȭͷܽġʵݺݸһƣҲ֪ѰĶ·ˣҲ֪˶ٵ֮ΪǰӺԼ
Ժٺǰһˡ
ֻۣԼ˵š
ֻȫܣʲôأ
ܽ£ָоžɡ
ǵģ飬飬ǱʲôͿƵá
񽥽˽㣬ȻͿһ԰׻һƬ⡣
ģȺģǸˡ
˿̣һѵģû·ģԼԼģһ룬Ͼ֪ʲô
ļһӿУУδйķ˴ûʶһ㣬ԭʼĶֱƣ˯ȥ
ѹеľκˣУȴԼһֱһӱˢˣⲻ壬һӣ˿̳˵㣬һжܽ
Ű׻⣬Ͱôǿ׳ܱե顣
пüҡѣҪô£ǲԭӡ
׻⶯˶Ȼ󻺻۾һû˯ѵӣҲڵ̫ˡ
ǰ˰ƴС̲סüȻ˵˳Ů˵㣬ɻĿеġ
뵽Լ˯һˣֶ˶ûɶҲֻ֪ܵǰ˸͡
ʯСʯһ㳶˿ڣʹȴܸˣǶˣʹҲǲڵġ
뵽СǸӣʯСʯһĨʤ΢ЦСǴ峤Σ󻹲ˣ
ǰһɵӰֱ֣һԿ˰Ķ̲סˣЦʲô
ʯСʯ˴ϣתͷȥһˢľͰˣô㣿
ҩ˸ˣϵôǶ
ܡ
ʯСʯһţȻ󲻹ϵ˾Ҫȥ侲²κ֪Ҫ޸ٷɵˣκֹ
ʯСʯƨһ䱸ܴݲеľջȻ̣ץסʯСʯĸ첲𶯣ˡ
ǰƻԼһֱټˣʯСʯ޼ˣ־͸˶һƣ
ˣſʯСʯô󣬻û˸
˯˼ң¶ûôûƷȥ˸ɼܣȴǲʯСʯˡ
ޱɨһʯСʯԼ㴩˴·ȻɫȽ·ʯСʯϡ
Ϊ裬ʯСʯˡ
ݺݵص˶һۣʯСʯ·
²߱𡭡
û˵꣬žͱֱƿˡ
һȺˣΪ׵Ǹɫݶˡ
һȺΧָָġ
ʯСʯһˣһӾͰˣϣž裬¡
ֱߵʯСʯǰ˦ʯСʯһƣˮļˡ
ģҽ͡ʯСʯץסӵȣҡͷͼֵͣͼ
ȴ˿ûᣬŭĽ߿
ȻŵԾµİſŵʯСʯü࣡
Ϸһ㣬ֱⳡϷճû˵һ仰·ⳡץڴĴϷеļ
Ǹ뿪ˣûٿһۣһĶֻǱʾ˶ʯСʯʧԼʯСʯĹϵֹһ㣬ʵ̫ˡ
ҲûҪڽʲô˼һ˳ˣһŴֲ꣬ƵÿʯСʯȻһУû°ɣ
ҡҡͷŭʯСʯ𣿻ҪǱֵܷĿ
ô˽һСһȡǶԵĲм
ûٸ˯ˣʵ
Һö˺ãҲ֪ʯСʯǸõģûǣ㡣ԹԵ
̲סü⻰˵Ĺˡ
ȣóϣԼɶˣɸղӡˣݲˡ
ڨڨı죬һֺãȥɡ
ûߵʯСʯǰ֡
ʯСʯߴӶƵ˶ϣղŴ˵ı鲻ˣȡ֮һĺ⣬ȻּЬӾͳȥ
ҲʯСʯһۣʯСʯĿĿţֻգջ֣ȥ

2

Ŷμҵļףãǻл㱵ġ
ʮˣһԻӵһưܵľݣӵĴǰ߳Բڴİ֣ĿǰǸϹ
ԭЩһûŮˣ޵ĻҲԸɡ
˵ԭǰףԷϱˣöһԻûϢףȻԭûͬ⣬һǸڣͼǸ
Էʲôţ
ŶˣаСꡣ
˵СͶˡ
˵СΪ˺Լֹɱ

лټ˼СһȫԷȡԼ
ڶ˵ôãҲûˣϲ˽ǰʮҲûдҸϱȻҲûǴ㡣
ǸҲ¾˵ԼȢ
˯ǸʯСʯǸ޸Ҫ˵ĶǶı硣
ʯСʯϲǸģʯСʯϲǸǾޣòˡŴǶ׺ǿأҪ治ò𣬶ҲֻˣȢʯСʯ
ķӡģȷʵˡ
ʯСʯһһŶˣǿҪ
Ķʱ͸Ӽᶨˡ

રવĳẓ́ʯϵͷˡСʯͷôˣ
ʯƣ´㲻ˣˣ˯¡
˵ͷʯϵûо÷ɶ١
ϲǰΨһĶӣʹ̫󣬲Ƕӵ䣬ҲŶӺͶ˻Լ
ڣ£ûȥöѾĶˡ
Сʯ£Ͷ¿϶ǲˡʯϵ̣̾ϢۼҺͶμҵĹϵҪμһġ
ʵǵǸ⳥
ȥɣ
ʯϵʯһۣûоܾ
ڶ죬Ǿ͵˶μҵš
δ磬飬ʯСʯԲǼҡʯϵŲ豭ֶ֪ôˣǰͷ˶үθҲǶĵ
θҲһźҲǺСʯģȢҲͦźġ
ʯϵһж٣ϲ֪˵ʲôá
δ硣
ǡ
ʲôʯϵǰ㣬æʡ
ǣٹþҪȥˣǽ˷һķɣ;ͻˡүһҲӣҲεӣʯϵ
ʯϵɫһףȻͷ˵ʲôأ£ǲ˼ٰѶ˼ҵġ
ͷ߬½ǣʯϵڸǣδ磬߶ˣҲͲˡ˵գʯҡҡʯϵĸ첲ʯϵʲôƵãӻóһӣĴ򿪣ʯֵݸθŶˣǡ֮ǰƸһǮӡ
θһźˡ
Ƹʯϵֿڸǡ
θ²豭վãǡ
ʯϵߵſڶǵͷģֱߵ·ʯϵ̶ڶμˡ
̶ʯּ޸ʱ͵ģܶ
ȥ˶μҡ
Ȼȥˣһɵıº͵ĶμҸɩ
֣зִ硣Ƕθδ硣
ޣʲôִ磿ʯСЬˣ㻹Ҹ㣬ҲҶȢ˫Ьġ
θƺţȻöȢЬģʯСʯ֮ǰͲãǱĸҲǼŵģҪȢɣҲȢ;ϰﵽġ£ʯǸʵϵģǸɫжһõõǵģˡ
μ˵˽ȴȫʯȥʯϵҰһЩҪվˣҺñʯַţû뵽˼ҾԼӡ
ʯϵֶˣͬһߵʯץס֣ʯϵѹ
û֣ʧǲʵҲֻǶӵˣȡ̶뿪ˡ

3

ȷˣʯ־ȥʯСʯţԷ˰죬涼û
Сʯͷ֪ġҲóԷ
ʱſˣʯСʯȦ죬Ҫˡ
ʯֶʱˣ֪֪ô˵֪μô˵˵ǸơŶӣǸʯվû˵Ҳ˵ڣǰ˿ԼòײĶӣôá
ֲܲöΪ˲ϲĶһӡ
ʯֲ˵ʯСʯ²һܴӣҲȥãŴſǻ𣿶Ҳ˵ҵģ𣿡˵ʯСʯҲ̲ס
ʵҲ֪Լ̬ȣʯСʯܺ£˵˰˵ԼʯСʯľˣԼҲˡ
֮ǰˡ
ʯۣһѽ§Ҫ˺òãԺҸõĵġ
ʯСʯʯ˳ȥȥ˶μƬȥҶС֡顣
ʯСʯȵ춼ˣöӦòˣʯСʯҪһŲ
ʯСʯҪȥʶʱһǸС磬Һ㡣
ʯСʯĽŲסˣⲻǰСĸ
ʯСʯûгȥ˶˺һĻͻȻС귢ʵ˵ʯСʯְˣ
СƯֿţشģǻȢʯСʯ
ԣС겻ˣſǻ˵ȢʯСʯġ
˿ˣæο԰û˵ҪȢҪȢʱ͵ҴʱҾҪˣﻹİǸԻĴϡ
ģ
ȻˡǰϲʯСʯԺҲϲϲ㡣
СһϲһͷţҲϲ㡣
˾ôţСһߣ磬ʯСʯǸ˦˶Ǹ³ԻѾüûˡ
ʯСʯ޲ͱǶԹУ涳˰죬־˴ĴʯСʯȶˡ
ѵ߻ؼѾҹˣһĵ˫ףʯСʯû˵ʲôֻǲˣաʯСʯҲû
ڼ䣬ҲʼӦ
ʲôȱ⡣
ԵĶѾˡ
ǳѾˡ
΢΢ʱ򣬶ʰһУû취͵ƶûУһϾʲôˡ
һжʰˣԣֻЩΣѳԣǳˣĴİ⣬ٹһʱ䣬Ҳûˡ
պų꣬ˡݶéݴģرݶķ׷ţɳɳЩ䣬ֻý˽Ӽ˯
һʱˣǱѵģ֪ʱ˴꣬éݴݶĶ©વµӶʪˡ
۵һͽ˯ĵطʱǶ꣬Ժô찡
ѾסˣҲ˯ȥˣҶҪ꣬·ţ£ȥŵġ
˵øǵĲ
·ߣʱѾܺˣģһǹ¹ⶼûУ˵ֲָҲΪ
ںڰУźϲţȻһǳһŵߡ
߳ȥûԶ洫һ󾪺
ˤˡ
ǰȥӣ壬û°ɣ
ҷɺŤˡ˵ţһŤŤŢ·һǳһţҪ˼ߡ
Ķ̣ǰȥһӣĶأ
ڴͷ
Ŷԭͬ尡
ˣͷȥ
壬ϵŴ꣬㲻ڼҴţɶ
ⲻ˴ׯڣͳӵĻг˵ǻԵĿƣ׶˳
ûٽӻȻֵˣСӣˣôû㡣
ҽжӶͷԻ
ûʵڲϡ棬Ҫ֪ԭӼϲ˽ʶҲôƽղչĸףɽϴš
˵ţȴ֪˴𾪡Ƕ
ǰ
ӳĬãʣҼǵҺûأϵ꣬ʲô
̫Ҽݶ©ˣҴȥöԸһ
ӵͷû˵
˵˴ͷѾǰʱˣ˷£ֳϥǴڴ
塭͡Ҿ͡Ҿˡ
˵ŶתҪ뿪ȴһץס壿
Ҫʲô
һмӣҪסţͣ˵˰죬˵
Ȼ¶е㲻ʣܲ˾˰ɣ
׿ԼҶ֮£СӱϾǡ
ɵͷ˼ЦЦллˡ
лʲôлҪ˵ллҲ˵ŶԣҪ㣬ӽ˵ͻزˡʯˡ
ʯ֣һͻЩԣȴ˵
ʯ塣зסϲúܿѹסĵ׵˿öڶ׷Ī
ڱ˼ﲻһˣֱ뿪ģû뵽ʯ飬ҪԷƴǲ£ֻýˡ
Χ£˼ҽ̸ţͻȻһֱûжǸȽϾµӵͻȻˣ߳һˡ
ˣⲻǸһҹĸ
էһ棬ӦĲǶ
ôǼңʯСʯ룬һ羹Լҿ
ʯСʯǰձˣһֱգֱתá
ŰΪԼæתһֻжʯСʯҲˣ˸磬ְæš
СʯͷˣʯϵһˣԶáǼСʯͷɺóˣ㳢Сʯͷա
ʯСʯŭĿӣӶҲû취Ҳ֪ʯϵôģȻװɵμˡ
Լչ鲻ãǿڵʯ壬Ҳ֪иҪȻҿ϶µġһǳӴ˻û뿪ñƼҸƾҪ뿪
⻰˵ر滣ǰո˼Ҹ˲Ƶá
վסմʯ⻰ˣĵҶӶһŴȥˣʲôҶеĻ
ʯЩ㷣Ȼʯֿڵȳ극뿪ɡ

4

ӲͷƤ˶ȺģŶЩеָָʯҴųȥԼҡ
ʯСʯ£˳ԭĻҲ洵ˣʯСʯɷݼпܻͷϡ
ղųԷʱ򣬶Եĺ̤ܲʵΪʯҸúԼʯСʯˣϵǣֱ극뿪ʯҶû췢µİ֡
Ȼȥˣ¿϶û꣬Ŵעġ
Լͦûֵģȷʵģȴ븺
˵ǸʯСʯǸãޱʯСʯܵóԸ޸ôһӹɣģ
˸ãٷԵĺ⣬û뵽ǸʯСʯ治
ǳԵĶԲˣʯСʯԼķ˺ܲ
Ǹ뵽ǼʯСʯ뿪㿪ʵ
ʯϵʯֵһۣܲˣӳ˼޸ҲûѡˣϾնӺͶֵúܶ˶֪ˡ
Ҫ˼ҶҺͻزˡ
˫һԶӣʯСʯһؿڡ
ʯСʯЩ£Ͱֶһ˺ӣȢ밢ְ޸ˡǾ޸һû˵仰
ʯСʯЩġ
ΪƷĶ˿֪ԼѾ˵ˡæ޷ݵ¡
Ҿɽ£ʱûǮשߣ˵һǸֲۣǿŸɽ¿˼ľģéݴݶˣһ¡ּ֮򵥵ӣҪ󲻸ߣס˾ͳɡ
ԭ˾òİ֣ҲûжٻˣԶʱûд¸ǷӣôҲõܹǮܿǸǷӵ¡
޺ӵ죬մСĹǮ˹ʣ۴һ٣ٷԵĶܾˣĽǼһٷˡ
һޱʮ죬ĴѾõĲˣٲҪˣþʮ죬ཬ·Ҳˣ޺õĵڶ죬Ŵţȥϡ
Ļˣһ˿϶Ứɽȥ
ȻתãǼԻģþ쿪ʼˡ
ҪĶܶ࣬ǱҪģ֮⣬·־ƣѾˣ·
λȥ˶һӣʣµӣۣҪ··ʣ˶ˡ
ûԼ·ĸĶһӣ˼ƥòõҸ˳ߴ磬ûüǮͱסˣʲôҪԩǮ»û䣬Ǯ˴ִţܴסǮŶȰУ̫ˣƽʱǲɽԾµظɻõôõĲϣЩֲͷôЩӰѣʡǮء
ֻһƥɫĴֲ
궫ֻʣ¶ˡ
ۣҲٿԹˣȥҸȶĻȥ·ϣǣԶɫҪδ·ˣԭǸԵ֣ڵĶһ㾭鶼ûС
һ̸ЦʱϵЦҲβŵҲãԲǳ֮ƣܰá˵ţȴˣԶͶһģһҲи飬ҲȫЩԺֻʣһˣô찡
û̫ΣˡͷȻĶ۵ļ磬ҵĻҲٸˣȻǮ죬Ƕ׬ġ
۵ͷаٰ㸴ӣͬﻹԲڴ˫Ҫû˴ԵĽ
˵ҹҹȥˡ
˵ǰɶ඼ԹӦúܺҹģȥˣû䡣
ʵλܶ࣬ɶһĶûУֲö̫ʵǹ̫ˣ죬ᵽͿ⽨ǶôûȨ
еĹܽһͬص㣬ǶɻٳԷùǮ
㲻ɣԸ˶أһ
ȻǼߵĻ磬ǸԺн齳ǺǣǰͷѧУûģҪȥǾӵܡ
ҪĻˣŶͭǮڽתƣ;һײֽ̣й֣ſվһӣ˽ȥ
ɥ¶оġСʱ¾ͱײ̵Ļͷؼң·ûȾ͸ŻͷΧŹײֽתȥֳʵŸĸ￪ţܶĶˣĵطչȽϿ죬ҿʼᣬԽԽձ飬ԽԽ٣ķҲͶˡ
ȵͷȥ󣬶ͳײˣֹ˵ˮӣɲ֪ģʲôʲô鲻á
ȥֲˣһóȥ˼۾ͽˣһǧɡ
ȥˮӣ£Σһѩ֣ѩ·һ˵𣬵·۽ȥˮһëǮû׬ȥ١
˵Ķģϻķ￪˸Сжա
Ѿ겻ɥˣֶˡ
˽ȥǵǰʱﲢûҪй
ƹĺáһ嵭Щƹ֧ԴǶ˯ҿſй
ǽոʮˣɶ϶ԦţŻЩۡ
ӦƸľӹģ
ü룬ʣֻҪľʹӵ𣿡
ƹһЦﻹȱɵôƹƲˣֻǶʵЩۣײĵʦЩḻˣΪҪע⡢Ҫɻ̫࣬һкرǶԻûӹڵӡ
ǣƹĲ֪һˡ
ԡ

5

ƹĶŶһЩҲͻЩСӣ־Ǻ£ɷҪСǮߣȴǺġ
Ҹʦ̤̤ʵʵѧͽȽʦˣﲻ١
ƹĺȰֻͷҲ֪ȥûɼֵƹģ԰ɡ
~СôôأȰ㲻ȻҪԣҲءƹָһײġΣǸײģûҪˣɱҪһӣҪġ
ƹ֮Աǣǲһʮġ
üֽϻ𣿡
Ҫ㿪ʼɻˣдĻ᣿е˿ֽϻĺܺãһ˹ײģͲˡＱлûʱֽдд
ƹܽô˲ЩΣôһʵѵãҪǾˣҲ֪ٵȼ˼Ƭ̣ͬƹĵĽ飬˸۵Ĺľ֡
ʵЩĵģѵãԼֶˣ˼һƵԼ
֪ǣһõĻô׾еġ΢еգƹҲ׷ġ
ǰƹһЩҪܻģƹһЦֱ˵Ҫܻʲô֪ӦƸ
Ц֮ƹһҲĵĽܻ䶼˵ˡ
һɣļһǽŮɶ
ײĿɲô׵ģΪѾˣ֮ǰܻȥԣòЩЩĶѡ˸򵥵ͼͼ򵥣ȴҲô׻ġҶײѾǰˣҪٻᣬʡ˲ʱ䡣
ϣ㿪ʼˡ

ôô͹ˣͬţĴЦǲҵˣ
ȥգ춼һΪûҵĵģÿÿһ˵ȰŻȥ컹ţлûɢͼһƵ߹ˣ룬˳ҵĻˡ
ͷ
Ǹʲôģ
ڹײ̸˴ӡϳʹ彻̸ֻͬϼ˶ˣһȥ
ײ̰û˵ưư죬û˼Υĵ˵Ǹûơ
֪ʲôЦЦҰӲʲôɵá
ͷû˵ʲôˡ
ҲʱǺܼɻЩְģմȾʲôɾĶ
һ֮ǰ׼ܻ˱ų⡣ǣʹų⣬ҲݹͶֵǮʱʲôܱݹأ
ǣΪײأײλմȾʲôɾĶÿ͹ˣҲؼҡ
ûжϺȣһľ͵˴
˶ȥҽݸ˫״ҩɫˣڴڵȺ
˶˾Ͳȥ
һ·ϣ۽ĹȻϲĹҲû̫ԣˣ飬ǲŹģʶֻȰ˼䣬֣ͲȰˡ
ߵҪֿ·ڣ۵˱Ҫߣͼʯһ˱һѲ֪ʲôĶȥ˴Ӷͷ
˲̣ڵ壬ʲôȥ
ʯһǶͣ˰ѺջЩæɫⲻǰǰʱ䱻ˮˣĶҪˣˮҲǲɣҪŲܣʱһӶҪˡҺպпգ͹ȥʰʰ
˵꣬ʯּæˣԶŻع˵ʲôʱǼߵôˣ
ץץͷͦõġ
ͦãһ˵ӡ
۶ƽʱ˶ദƫֻ֪ԼһĶֵءŪʶ˲塣ѵ˶һ٣ֿʼ̵ʯҸݵĺܣƽûմǷǣΪ˲鷳£ƫʯϵǸֻ϶Ӳģ˭һңֻϵùˡĩˣԺһԶЩǵһȡСС˵㿴Ҹɻûһ˹ȥæ
ԣʯȥķĬĬǶǵĵͷԼĶؼˡ
ȥ֮ѶˣҪ׼ͻȻ뵽ҩҵӻûȥۼˣ·ϣʯ֣ʯȻۺˣߵĺ
Ӷ˶٣ǰȥ壬Ǽһûʰꣿ
ʯֿⲻˮˣҺ廹СʯͷˮҨûˮ̫ˣһʱ겻ˡ˵ţ˴ȣǰŤ˹ۺˣЩܲˡ
ҲǼǵģ죬뵽һģ뵽˼ҹԷǿڵ壬û£Ҹְɡ
ô˼أ
û£Ҳµġֵ
ǣǾллˡʯֲ˼ЦЦ

6

ʯȥʱʯϵʯСʯһһҨˮ
ʯСʯЬŰ۵ĽѾصܣÿҨˮʱʯСʯ©СȶڴŲ
Ķ֪˵ʲôãô裬жذ
ѵİˮóȥʯСʯ̧ͷͿһĸԼ
ԼһҸˣʯСʯĺӹɵģɫϾͱˣ˵֣ô˴ˣ
ʯСʯǺģͲӵˡ
ʯֵʯСʯȻ͸ûƵøȵˮ
ӹһȻЬˮˡ
ЩϾˣеĵطݶûˣſ˿ˮͦӹ͸
˶İæˮȥĿ࣬ǲ֪ƵãһҨվһãһǳɣԼŲС첲СȣʯСʯֱĭ
ʯСʯԼĿˣ̲ס̾˵һʯСʯ˯һʱû۹
ɫԼʯСʯľ룬̫ˣֻʯСʯһҹԪ춼ûʲôûô۹ҪȢʯСʯƸ̱²˴ˡ
ʵʵ̫࣬ʵǸᡣΪ˰ѶϴʯСʯʱּҩһСľˣһڣҩˡҲҺñˣʯСʯҩ̫û׼ˣҪ滻˶Ǹƺȥ͵ˡ
ʯСʯӣϵĶ΢Щ֮ľ룬ܾöеǻƵá
ôţʯСʯͻȻԼҲ֪Լã浽˱Ыĵز
ʯСʯе㵭ģǲںԼռı˶ռˣȻҲԼʯСʯ̲ס˼Ʒô
˼֪ȥˣʯСʯͣҨˮûˮҲûɵһͣҨš
еЩᣬʯСʯŻع̧ͷͼԼˡ
ʯСʯˢĺˡ
ôôôô
Ȼڳǰˡ
ʯһҲû֮С죬̧ͷ˿죬˵СʯͷȻؼʯСʯͷ˾䣬ǵö೴ˡ
عͷжԶ˵Ͻɡ
˿ԺҲˮôԺӱҪһЩˮҲˣСƵá
ʯϵЦԺˮѾȥܶˣЩӣɹɹɾͿˡߵԺӸǰʯϵǰҰֻڵʱ򽨵ģʱļ򵥣ҲûǮ˭룬ûþ´ˣԶСˮﶼˣһû취ֻð˼ҡִѾܾûгˣҲţҰֲԸţͰѼһЩŵ˭뵽ͻȻô꣬ⲻָˡ
ҲԺӣ͸ˮԿеĵطѾ̦ˣˮԼ׵ĸ߶ȡ
ҪתͷȥͻȻˮ涯һ£̲ס㣿
ʲô㣿һߣϲЬڸڻ·ʯСʯ˹
ʯСʯʯֳʯСʯջĿָŪˡ
ʯСʯɰԺţ㣬
ûȶشʯСʯԼѾˡͷʯֺٺһЦ̧̧ཬȸʯֿ֣ҵ·Ѿˣȥɣ˵߹ȥҡҡʯֵ֣
ʯֵβŹݺݵĴԴ̰ɡ
ʯСʯٺһЦſʯֳԺȥ
ЩȻʯСʯײʮǸء
ҡʯˣˮʯСʯֻð
Ȼʯϵȣ˦ϸ첲ȥӰæˡ
һһ֮󣬶ģȴһҲûץĶܹȥæˡ
裬Χһ㣬ʵ̫ˣǶ׳棬ҲССûа취
һ㽩ţѾ˰ȻĽ׶ΣͻȻε˶ǰʯСʯۼֿ죬ӾͿ˹ȥû룬ʯСʯȵ˵ϵ̦һ˵ˮˮʯϵͶһ˿ٵˮָƽʯСʯ˶˽ˮ
ü֣Ͽ
ʯСʯ˿Ѿ˶ĶԹƵãһЦץˡ
ʯСʯЦ룬ôʯСʯôЦôÿأ
ʯСʯЩˣǶûһˮôæ
һ˹ʯСʯԶҲܺЩõĴʹϹġ
ףץ㣬ʯֺ󣬶ֿʼץ㡣
ʯСʯ۵ûˣץ
ץ㣬üԶʯСʯһڣʯСʯѾཬˣ·ˣСҲģצӾ͸ˡ
ɫʯСʯЩźֻץˡ
ңһѱĲеʯִҪˮ˵Ķˡ
֡ʯСʯЩҿǰǼء
ʯСʯˣʯ־ģ̲סҪǰһҪʯСʯţǴһ룬û֡ʯֲãʵСģʯָͷĵطûС
С
ʯСʯʯæкʯϵˣˮҲˣϿ
ʯϵһȥˣ类ʯСʯˡ
ʯַ۵Ĳеʯϵһۣ̲סʯСʯʯСʯТӣˮԼˡ
ʯСʯǵǵǵܹ൱ȵ˵Ҹԡ
վһЦڵһӣͻȻܺãһߴЬüͷ·Ūˡ
ʰˣ˾ȥԭҪؼҵģʯûãŶҪȥԼҳԷƴǲֻȥˡ
ʯϵ·ãʯСʯϴ裬һ£ſ鲼ͷͳˡ
ʯСʯһ㶣漴ܻԼӣԼˡ
Ҳ⶯Ūµģô
ʯСʯЩߣһһİǰ¹ڲ涪ˡҪû£ʯСʯﲻˣһֱȶ뿪ǰְأ
ʯСʯַţԼÿÿҪˣЩ˼ˡʯСʯЩƹˤ룬߸ƨѽѹ˯ˣٵ·һɶ
ȥʱʯСʯʵǽŵģ׽ڴǲߣֻǸǺº߳ܣȫһѽʯСʯκĿбӵĴӶ߹ȥ
ʯСʯЩŹ֣ɾ˵ֻ֣üԼָʵ˼ʯСʯ죬ֲֵҲ˵š
ָһһʱѾȫˣкڣ֪ͻԼˡ

7

󣬶ǳԵʯСʯķʯСʯˣһӣһײˣһǽץ㡣
ôˣ첲ʹ
ζЩѵûˮ١
극ʯСʯɫһֱǰŵģʱʱ۵˰ĲˣһûԶ٣һ뱻ˡ
ԴˣȻ֪ɳԵĺ
ԭɫ̫ʯҹģЦƴˣ壬ջҪȥϹǵһ죬ûؼʰʰ
ʯֻõͷͬ⡣
һʯϴԸʯСʯͶ뿪
ڶӵ̬ΣϺøɲ٣Щǻģ˵ʲôʱͱϵĻݲݹȥ˻ꡣ
ԼĶƫƫԶûԼⰢٴʲôã
ʯšʯСʯһѣʾ˵ʲô
ʯСʯŲϸֱӻֵϽߣϽߡ
Ա΢ı仯ЦţĿʯСʯͣһϢʱ䣬̾ϢģƢϱѾúܶˣΪʲôʯСʯұĸоأ
ɣʯСʯķëҲǹ㣬ؼ̫·ˤſžͲˡ
Цųͷûͬƽϡ
ֻǵԶ󣬶ԶʯСʯļ֣šң
ʯĺۣΪ˶ӵ£𣿶Ӳϣ⵷ҡ
ӣϰ飬æۣӺáµ˹ǮӾ͸ͷˡ
ƹǸĿֵͷƢЩ֣ʱ򰮵Ѷõ⣬ײ̵嵭ܲ˴򽻵ӴҲɥ£ƢҲ
ƹͶ󣬽ĹǮΪӡ
Դ˺⣬ô̤̤ʵʵĸȥ
ôģȥһ£õ˵һµĹǮ
ϲû̫ѹûдеΪԺŻȥȴôľϲ
죬ľ˹ɫ磬ȥֽתת
ߵƵģųŴϢСֵĽˣ˳ֱ˹ȥ˵ģ⽵ģձģ׵ĵȵȵȵȣʵ̫࣬ĶӦӲϾ
ôһ·ƵĹţûþߵϳͣĵطķִ徹Ȼڡ²⣬ѵ̫ãѾȥˣ
ԣһԻмһͬȹףûôһˣԼˡ
һԵŵӣ壬ζôڣ
һģʯСʯһӣƫƫʱ˲ǴšǣһӾûʲô¡
˳˵̲ס²ȥˡ
õ𰸺󣬶ɵɵվڽϣʯСʯŭСģһԥ£ûȥô¡ʱִ֮ǰҪǱӵġ
ȥ
ֵһζ廹û̲סʯСʯʯ巢ʲô£Ϊڻû
ȵͷбסˣ̧ȾͳΨһҽȥ
Ҫȥ˵öζϾͻˡʶ
ЦЦȥζ壬ǲʲô鷳ˡ
⸽ֻһҽݣײҲǺԶϴθӴҩζνᳵ·
ȻҽݹȻ˶ζԼʯСʯһӡ
壬塣
ʯֿЩȣת˲Щˡ
˭ﲻ𣿡ӭȥ
ʯֿеζСʯͷڼҰҸɻͻȻεˣ˵ǻˡ
ɴ۾ͷһЩ޴ˣ˵
ǰһϰˣȢϱҲûиӣֻţ˾񻭽ͷһһ²ˣѻͷĴȥͺá
¶ԼΪԵǳͻȻ˸иӡ
һʱ䣬Ǹ˵ģȻԼܾӪһͥɵˣҲǲܾġ
ʯ־ôŶ뿴ô˵
ǵ˰Σʲôû˵ʯ̾˿Щʧ
ˣʯֲٿ֪ϲС꣬ôɶϲʯСʯҲûӣվǿҲ˿ûи˰һ
ҵģʯָһת
ʯתȥö϶۾
ʯСʯĺӡսȭͷ˿ĭȻЩţʧƽʱĵɼᶨҵġ

8

һʱԣȿڴ˳ĬʯСʯôˣ̸ʯСʯܸӣЩ֪ôƺʯСʯˡ
е㶯̥˵Сĵͺˡ
˳ĬƬ̣Ȼתζȥ
壬߰ɣڻкö˵ءȥӣǽͲȥˡ
ζ˰죬Ҳöеġǡ˭Ӧһ뿪ˡ
˶ζ壬תҽݡ
塣ʯտʯСʯûȥվʯ֡
ʯӦȻʯСʯˮ룬ƿӾͳȥˡ
ǰȥ壬öζȻȥˣСʯȥԺӣȻǡ
ʯһ㶣ǲԸô˷ǮġʯСʯ״̬ԲãʯֻƬ̾ͷˡ
ʯֵ˵ͷϾͳȥˣ⸽һ£ƽճԷҲϤЩףҵһԺӣһǮһļ۸ɽ
ȶҽǰʱˡ
塣
ҵˣ
Цŵ˵ͷȻӺķ䣬Сʯû°ɣ
ʯֿοû£̫ͻȻˣһʱܲˡ
壬ȥԺȥɡ
ʯ¶Ϊѣץҩȥˣû
ɫѾˣҧҧҪȴСʯȥϢ֪Ǹ򶹸𣿾ߵһҡ
֪ǡʯֶ˶٣СʯͷǲԸߡ
ҲǵˣһڵȽȥҪǲ˵ɡ
ʯֵ˵ͷĿŶӽȥˡ
ȥʱʯСʯǶ㶣Ҳ֪ʲô۾Ĵġ
һŲʯСʯϾͻعһǶʱò԰
ŵöס˽ţԶԶʯСʯԲ𡣡
ʯСʯŤͷȥû˵
֪ϲǸΪҲš
֪ƨʯСʯҲ̲סˡ㲻ȢңҲöҡ
ʯСʯݺݵĵҲνϲ˭ˣ˭һ˶ĺӣҪûĻͶȹһӣһʯСʯһоޱӦ
ǾǶϲСꡣ
ʯСʯ죬֮ǰλ޸жҸ޸пܾǹټҷˣǣԵ֪ǳ׽ݵĽɫһƣ裬ʯСʯ֪ԼͶˣЩ޶
տʼЩܲʵõӾǰˣһҹ֮ôͱˣ
ЩܶģѾȥˡ
ʱܲ˵ĲǶǶǸһӵȴǰСꡣ
С˭
ʯСʯҧСǸˣԼδģƫƫҪģҪԼ°С꽫ȥҩķӣ
ҪûиҩҲͲֺһˡ
ʯСʯ״̬ԲãҲڴ̼ˣֻñ졣
ǸˣҲռ˼Ҵӣ˼ԺӣҾʹȥΣ
ʯСʯ죬ȻһԲ˴
æȥ
ٺİ˽ӴʯСʯһӽסˡ
Ϊֲ׽ĽţЬ
ʯСʯ죬Ҳˡ
ʯСʯ쳣Ĺ˳ԹԵζߡ
ʯּ˱ĵķŶʯСʯ뿪
ʯСʯЩ޴룬ǱȽϺºͶģ½ǣǲһ𣿡
æİ§ڵǴŻġ
ŶʯСʯֻû˫ߣʯСʯ˵ղôˡ
ȵˣʯСʯ۵Ķͷð麹ˡ˴ϸȥˡ
һڴϣ˱ˮͳȥˣöٽ
ʯСʯڴҲ˯ţ۾˫׺Ͷǹ˺ܾöûٽʯСʯס˴
һȥͼԺæ˵ʯСʯʱ˼ˡ
̧ͷһʯСʯüͷһ壬ôˣһ˼ʯСʯ𣿡
ʯСʯһֽȥˡ
ֹֻ˾Īûٶˡ
ʯСʯɻᴲţûȶãžͿˣǶ
һļС˽ˣʯСʯЦЦԷˡ
ʯСʯȴһ£ҵͰôû
Ӧÿˣȥץҩȥˡ
˵ţʯֵĴɤžСʯ
ӭ˳ȥã˾һ˷ɡ
ʯϵȴûʯǰ㿴Ŀֻ˶һۣתͷʯ˵ȥСʯҩ

9

ʯСʯҩĸ˾͸Ϣˡ
ڶѵĺ磬úƹ١
֪ʯϵһȥ˹ײ̡
Ϥ֮ƹĺܺ˵ټϣײ壬Ҳһʱӻ־ͷŶ뿪ˡ
ʱʯѾʰ׵ˣ·緹³˷ݲݵĴɨӣ뿪ˡ
ζˣΪ˶ŻȥԶζǻشʱ仹㹻ġ
˴߲õֻˣ˵һۡ
ʯСʯһҺͶһ³ʱܶ˶ˡ
Ŷǵ棬û˵ʲôֻǿ˵ЩһˣĳЩƱ
ʯ߬ȭͷ֪ʲôƢõЩŭ
ʯСʯǿĿ׽ʱ˾Ժڴǻ᲻̫ùˡ
ȫûоһһֱֵĿǣֱӾˣǸ𣿡
ڨڨŤͷȥ
ʯСʯǸûûεģû˺ӵʵ
ڼ˼죬ʯСʯöӬˣﲻסһ磬ðæûʱ䶢ʱ͵͵š
ͶǼԸӰ첻ãܻܿӰԺڴʯСʯԺҪڴȥģЩҪԵġ
֮⣬ʯСʯʱҲûиտʼˣû˶ͶһƺҲѡ
뻶
뻶ʯСʯĺõС֮һ
Сʯ뻶ŷ˽æ̧ͷ
뻶극ǳȥɣ
뻶ھܾһҪﰢָɻء
ǺðɡʯСʯЩʧĵͷת뿪ˡ
ЩʧʯСʯҲû̫ϣתͷȥұС飬ûԶ뻶һ𣬡ǲǸʯСʯˣҸ㣬ԺԶһ㣬׼ٺûУԺҪأʯСʯһ𣬻ôҸ˼ң
ʯСʯɫһףЩվˣƽʱ϶ҪȥڡʯСʯĶӡ
뻶˵ʵͱĸһߣû취Ƥȥ
ʯСʯҲûȥұСˣ밢ˣؼҡ
ʯСʯҵķͷţȿ쵽ʱʯСʯȻײһˣǶ
ƹ±ҽȥˣסӣɢ˹ԻмûʯСʯһҵ󣬶ڻǾˡ
ղԶͿʯСʯˣԭ֪кģԶһʯСʯ״̬Щãе㲻Ļǹ˿
ǲʯҵС𣿡
׼˵ʲôͱһѹ͵һԶŷ۵Ť˵Цţһ߻ָָġ
ǿѹŻѹǻ
ǾǸû׾ͱ˸ǸʯСʯ
ҺöûȢ⻹СС͵أزסˡ
ǣҿʯСʯǼ޲ȥˣµĶˣҲǸԻýţ˳ҲǲҪʯСʯǸЬɣ
˻һһȺ˵ĸͣǣǣǰʯСʯǸǷǵģ־͸һҲҪȢʯСʯȻ
һȺԽ˵ԽߣѾ˵Ļĳ̶ˡ
ɫ˰ͷʯСʯѾˮͷѹֵĿšſʯСʯǼȥ
ȥʯСʯһס
һ̾ʯСʯ֣ɵļǰȥ
лҺСʯ¡
û뵽ʯСʯ˽֮ͨ»ҲҪĽ
˵ҺСʯܿҪˣϣǵʱ
ģҪʯСʯ޲ȥΪʯСʯԼǵĺȢʯСʯʯСʯ˶뿪
ָ̧˸ϲڵĻҳȻ󵭵̧ɨɨǡ
һȺĲŵ˻ȥ
æͷһһ
ǸԻͱѰ˸ֲ߳࣬Цվ￴ǣ͸һֲŭĸо
ǶͻȻЦˣ˾͸֪ô˵ˣȻ˵˱á˶˵ҸԶ嵣Сʯ޲ȥ
ͬĿǰһֵۣʵ̫ˡͣһ£ɨһΪ׵ˣȻ˵Ķܼ޳ȥСʯôܼ޲ȥˣ
˵꣬ת㿴ʯСʯĿҲˣһЦ߹ȥ
ʯСʯǰݵˣ񿴵ӢˣŴ󵶴۸˴仨ˮ
ʯСʯжжǶ˵Ļȴ˿ûе档
˭֪԰СһƬ
ԺΪ˺ӱȢԼǻԹһӰɡ
ʯСʯ֪ʱѾվʯСʯ͵͵Ļ
ʯСʯȻع
ûʲô߰ɡʯСʯüʯСʯôô
Ȼе˶ô
ʯСʯһʯʱʯҪȥʯСʯʯСʯʯּþҪʯСʯ߽һƣʯСʯͷϵۻûɣ۵ʣСʯͷ˭۸ˣ
ʯСʯסʯֲ˵ֻͣġ
۵ʯСʯԴʯȻ洫ЩҲ֪ġ
Ŷ뿪ӰʯСʯͻȻ˸ˣǶǶΪʲôܺϵϵĺӶϲСء

10

ص˼Ҳûжͣȥ˺ӱߣʯСʯµӣССģһܴƵãʯСʯ̫˺ӣĸʯСʯӣȴû㹻Ǯƣÿվ׽һʯСʯȥ
ܺá
Ϧ£߱һƬʱѾ㣬һƵãʣͦģжֻôѹ߷ŻؼͰȥʯСʯ
ʯСʯǲϼҲ֪ˣÿѶʯ֣ʯּ䣬֪ʯСʯû¾뿪
ʯſڰëӡ
塣
ʯ̧ͷͰˮæӹȥ´αˮˣҲܳԡ
һЦҲش𣬲´λˮͰŻˡ
壬Сʯôˣ
ãЩ£ǷģԲ¶ʯ˵ãüͷȴģЩĵġ
һ뵽ʲôƵãȻҪȥ壬û¾ͺãȻȥˡ
ˣ˷߰ɣʯǰһ
ˣҼﻹ£Ͳൢˡ
ˡʯЩΣÿԷ㶼¡
޹£ɡ
ֻȴңңڡ
ڴǰʯСʯḧӣЩʧͻȻһ󷹲˵ζӴƮʯСʯֱŻ
СʯԷˡʯƿŽ
Ż~ʯСʯ죬͵˵Ҳԡ
ʯֵһۣԷôУϿкأ
ʯСʯ͸ˣĿŴǲȥ
ʯֿɲǸϸĵģ˹ȥ̲סָͷʯСʯǲǻǸҸ㣬ˣҺǲͬġ
ʯСʯ˸ۣΪʲôְڶԶҲϵĺ𣿱ˣϸţǾǼˡ
죬ʯ֣ʯСʯҲûпȥͣʵ̫ˣ˵ڵܼˡ
һԲĵӣʯͻȻ˵ˣֻԴϲ㡣
ʯСʯʲô㣿
ϲ㣬ҲܲסѽⶼˣһᵽҪˡ
ʯ룬Ϊ˵ûǰ֪ϲ㣬ġ˶٣ʯֿ۲Ķӣһת治֪㿴϶Сʲôˣ˶ãʲôõĳ֣
ʯСʯһûȥֻĥǶץġ
ʯСʯҧĴרĥô
֣ҲҪˡһΧӳԷʯСʯͻȻ˵
ʯִ̧ͷɶѽΪ˶ץͲˣǰ첻֪ʱһֱ˼ץء
ʯСʯΣ֣ĶȥˣҶץ㲻Ӧô֮ԲԣΪⶼ˼ˣϽ춼ˣٺóԵĶҲóˡ
ʯִ죬ǵҾ͸˵˵ˡ
ʯ룬Ͳɣÿ˹Ҫץ㣬ۣץ㻹ܶϢһ
ڶ죬ʯһǰӣһߵȶɲ룬˰û
ֵһ֪ЩˣʯֹŶˡ
ÿձȱ˻ܶ࣬ϸҲǣôɻأ˳ԼҶӵԭ
ʯּûҪ˼ˣͶŰõĶӻȥˣ׼ţһŴ塣
ʯֶһǶĸ
յĶûǰЩˮͰǻﱧŸʲô
ʯæӭȽ˵
ˣҲվʯھǿݣŽĶ˹ȥһ̳ӣԶʯֶŵǳ
ûнӣָ̳ʣʲô
㡣
ʲô㣿˰찢ֶû÷ʯСʯ˵
ЦЦҿ̳ӣţ˵Բ·Ū㣬θһ˵ţһֱĶʯСʯĶӡ
ǰһֱϰһҲû໥ֵļˣͷˣҲԽԽǣƢҲԽԽãʹˣͲмˡ
ǣǰ붼ģԼĶӣ˵ϲǲܵģκ˶ӡ
ʯСʯϷһĨ̺죬ֱĶſЩ˼ˡ
ֵŴʯСʯһѹ
˼ЦЦ̳ӷŵϣѿӵݸʯСʯ
ʯСʯӹӣɵļһ͵һӾˣζ̫ˬˣʯСʯһθڣ˦Ӵ
ҴӸӼϴŵĲͳ˹ȥ

ûȥײ̣úòһģԡ
ʯСʯҪӪʱ򣬶˯Ӧ
ߵ·ϣʱʱ͵͵һֹӣĶܣֻʵʲô˵ģ
ɵĿڣҪȢʯСʯ𣿡
ҵĺӡ
ûֱ˵ȢȢʯСʯɶ۾ǾöǳʯСʯˡ
ʯСʯɻˣƽûٴ뻶۸СҿۿʯСʯСժĹӣ˼С۸ˡҧҧۻǽʯСʯ¼˶ú˼˼پҪҪȢʯСʯ
ԴиֳĻ棺ʯСʯСƵãŻСӣһʱһЦ
Щɰ
ɰ
ʶԼ뷨󣬶һ壬أ
ʯСʯˡ
ۡ
ģûƭ㣬ʯСʯǴֵģһδ˵ĸͲЩǸܺúùӵˣۼˣΪ
ңʯСʯǰ۸С꣬ǰǺ𣿡
ţҶ֪ˡţȻתƻ⣬˵ҪǿɣȻǾͻزˡ
СԶ˵Ǹİˣ˵ʯСʯжӣʵڲģһ˿ʲô
Ĳ֪ڷӿٶȣ֪ǲˣţæ׷ȥ
һǸʯСʯס˰

11

Сũ峤󣬲ǻˣҰҰ׽ġ
Ϊʱ䲻ĹϵֻɽΧԣûнɽ
ʱִ̬ûбƻɽвɽ䡣սȥջһѼһľ
ѶŽ¨ͻȻɻôû
ͷ˵ù
ȻܣֻùһЦҲ֪ϸɻɡղ֣ûҾû
ֻһѵһ¨
׾ס˶ۣ˶󣬶۱㲻پˡ
һջķᣬȻֻɽΧǶܺһСɽֻҰһֻӡ
֮¶ǱˣæֻֻҰ˵ҰŪǱ
صͼᵽʯȥˣ˼ʯһֻ
ϣڴϣδ
ҲҪһ㣬ҪӣξڳһҵͬʱҪһõЩҪġ
ԼĿǰĹͦģʱͦࡣ
ʱ䣬չҵҪֵء
ֵأڵĻѾˣһۼѾͿ춬ˣѾ˲ֵʱڣҲؼģûء
ΪأǮգ۱㵽ջļڡ
˵ʱǸ˵ʱ򣬿ǲ룬ջǰϦͻȻ˴꣬þòͣЪ
һֱ²ͣոֻðȥոˡ
ʯң˸պõʯֶµˣʯСʯԭҲȥģʯζãʯСʯڶǻµˡ
ûһ˿Ҫͣ˼ʯϵʯֿԼһƬûոʣµĻȵļ
ʯ־Ҫȥ˰æʱǮǡ
ʯϵͷʱׯ˼˭ܲ
ʯ˼£͸ҪҶɡ
ʯСʯе棬Ҫȥæܸое㡣
ǣȥҶʳҪղˣһʲô
ӺȫƼȨ£ʯСʯɡȥ˶ҡ
꣬ũҲ
վ£֣ͦ󣬿ûȥײˡֻܵٸƹˡ
һ춼¿úʰһ
ſУְǰմҰˣ˲ԡ
ԭǲģû취ûǰ˵ĳƷ档ΣֻԼˣôһȥô¡
ľɱ˼˵֮ҰСţ㿪ʼʰˡ
ʰţһ𣬶æȥţĲǶ۾ʯˡ
룬ȴǸİӡ
ҽ쿪ʼׯˡֻ˵һ仰˵Ͳ˵ˡ
ŹֵĿһۣĵׯڹʲô£
˵ĺܺһֱǶŸǼҰæģֻ΢͸¶һ㿪ʼׯڵѶϢϣһʶȥҰæҪæʱ¶ΣĬƬֻ̣ڣ꿪ʼׯˣû͹
ʲôׯڣ
ӶʱһϲΪǲ֪ûæǰǽ죬ô󣬽ׯҪղһׯڿɾͰϹˡ
üô꣬ʯһϲ˿ɸô죿
֮󣬶ӵ壬ĵǲǶһ
ʯСʯļʯСʯҵĵԶȥ￴
ǵġ
鷳ָ·
ΪҪԼҰææ˵鷳ʲô˵ָ·ȥû⡣
鷳ˡʱĪôһøУ˵Īĵ㣬ȴǺĵġ
е黹Ҫģ壬ʲô£
ӴҶæׯڣʲô£ǶϸֺǵģѾ߻˵öæʾĻ˵Ĳˣӱ첻ٶ˵öᡣ
Ҫ֪缸ǼĻˡ
һ̲סԹǹׯڵӽׯڻʲô
ҲֲС꿴СӣȡԼȻҪõġ
ʵûæģ˼˵˰죬ʼû˵Ҫæۣ˼顣
ȻæҲδؿϰһԳðȥɻҲǰˣλ壬ȫʶòá
ţŴ뿪ˣ˿ûע⵽ԶһʧĶʹӰ
ʯСʯŶȻͰСĵ뿪ˣֻȻʱȻң԰Сĸô˵ϾͶϣĪķ˸УһĲʺ͡⣿
ʯСʯиӼˣ㶼˶ʯСʯĹϵȻС겻ϲԸȡԼǵĻԼһֱڡ
Ͷ֮ʲô£һ߶ԸſС꣬һ߶˵ҪȢ
ԽԽܣʯСʯરવµôꡣ
ʯСʯѹׯڲҪģò¶øϿȥ߰Ϣ취
ӣҲǰװ֣ԽԽˣɵЩ˼ˣ壬ָԼȥͺá
⻰࣬ΪؼϢǾܾµģҲҪȥׯڡ˵ϾҪˡ
һ󲻺õԤУ˼ֲɵӣԼҪյׯԼԼ·
ˡ
ĭˣŰׯڣһʶһһˣȥׯڵĺ֣ʵ϶Ǳ׾һ壬껹ҪЩֻͦġһ۵Сָͷһһ߬ׯڣõĥׯڽոˣŸһСѡ
Ķ̲סôׯڵյȥ
һԣµĵĵݸһ
һֳɡûнӣеЦ˵ҵأ

ʯСʯźӲ̫죬һ·Сĵֻˣ˿ʯϷһׯûա
ԶƼһʧǵ߹ʯæʣôˣӵ״Բԣ벻Ҳѽ
ûʯСʯڲסı
ʯֳĿʯСʯûûɡôˡ
ȥСҰæˡһ˵ڣʯСʯҲ̲סˡ
ʯȻмź׻ѡ˰СꡣȻܿãµҲԧ£һӣƴҪҲҪöСʯ𡣿ڶ۶ǰС꣬ӲȢ˶ӣѱԹޣʱĿɾԼˡ
ڶҲֻ̾һԵˡ
ĶӣʯָˣǶԶ˵ˡĶӣ˶С깴ҪͶӽԼԶ˵øУĶǰСꡣ

12

壬ȥǼҽǽҰǼׯڰɣ
װɻĿһȻӡ
ЦˣġѾģ˵˵˰æƨţֱӰҵ˰æɻ£
֪ǣǰĶ»СǶǰĶˣȥ׼ҡ
ҲԼʱûаѻ˵Ѿ̫˰ɣҪæĻɶû˵ڡ
ɡת뿪
װŭˣҪȥģûׯС궼ôæĥĥĸɶ
ת̯֣ææ£ʲô£˵Ҫ뿪
ԼҪæֲˣ㵽
Ŀ˵̬ҪҸҰæɻһ˵Ļ˵ֱҸɻ˵ҪҰæҪҰæĻû˵ô֪Ҫʲôһߣ֮ǰû뵽ȴǸ
װһҭҼҰæʲô
ǸʵϵĺӣҪȥʯҰġ
װǲæˣʹɱﵣȢС꣬ؼʱƨöûУҪǸ뿪СĻ¾ˡ
ˣˣǵð°ˡĻ˻֡
װֿŶ뿪Ӱк޺ޣʯСʯС꾫סˣͰӸˡ
תͷһ·ׯڵũҵʯҵĵء
ʯʯϵׯڣʯСʯԱ߻ʱʱĸ֣һ˶ΪάŬš
֪ģСʯҲò˶٣ɶ;ʯһٺǿ
ԶʯϵոһˮҪط춼ûæɡܹȥ
壬Сĵ㡣
ʯ˶һ˵
ʯϵôһţһֱˡ
ʯֱڿ죬㲻ǲôͻȻֱĳˣ
ʯϵɻ󣬡ʲôʱ˵ˣȥй𣿡˶µġ
⻰ô˵
ʯֵղСʯͷȥˣСʯͷ˵ȥ˰СҰæˣôСæˣʯЩĽ׼ҿ졣
ЦõĿʯСʯһۣȻʯ˵ⶼĸĶѽʲôʱ˵Ҫȥ׼Ұæˣ
ûУʯӶһۣȻȫʯСʯ⻰ʯСʯ˵ġ
ʯСʯ߷ۿװˣôʵ԰СĻʼƵá
ʯСʯŶҿۿװ뿪ء
һʯСʯĻһӾͨˣǶһʯСʯСģ̲ס붺ŶˣʱҪװָָ·ġԭʱڰô˺Զ·ŵⱧԹ
ʯСʯˣʱ߳ŭˣһʱҲ˵ˣҲ˿Ŀ⣬ׯ
һŻˣæʯСʯڣûѾеĸ
ʯСʯ½ǣͻȻ˼ˣ⻹Ƕͷһô̹ȻȻǰ̸е¡
ʯСʯϳɡ¢Ͽš
ʯСʯ£ʱʱһʯСʯԭʯСʯҪǰȥģɶûãһ·ˮж໬Դ˸̣һСĺˤŵġ
һ뵽ʯСʯղŻԼ˸أľﻹҷһ˶Իȥ
ǵͷոׯڣʯСʯĵŽոˣһ͹ȥˡ
˿ɫڵ壬Ǿ͵ɡ
ǡʯΪѵĿһ۵أ⻹ʣһ㣬һӸ꣬ҪǷŵ죬϶͸ݻˡ
壬ˣڵҲˣׯҲɶ£϶ͺˣСʯһŤһŶӣ·̫ˣһþˤˡҲ֪룬Ȱ
ôʯѾˣʣôһСƬʯֻЭǺðɣЪ¡
ͷգŵȻԼϡ
ʰ£ʯСʯʯڵ￴ţʯϵͶʳһˡ
壬㿴ȥһ˵̫ԶˣҼҽ㣬ȷҼң
ʯϵͷɫȷʵˣԼԼҿɱμԶĶࡣ
ȵɺˣʯֲŽʳ˻ȥ
¢ʯϵֱۣʯæ۵ķʯϵߡʣں棬ʯˣֻʯСʯߣʯСʯˤ
ʯСʯУߣ̫졣
ʯ룬ĵʯСʯ֣С˵ҲϲСˡ
ʯСʯһʱûӦ⻰͵ĳ
þͣʯСʯˤҶһԻţԼĻ
ɵģȴҲûڣãܿʯСʯıġ
ʯСʯǺˡ
Ժհ㣬ұ˹ȥ
һ䣬ʯСʯǳ׺͸ˣͷ֪Цյ¡
⻹û꣬һ仰װȵʯСʯɬˡ
⼸꣬ҲȥϸɻҸʱȥף
һһ䣬߼ʯСʯһ˿һĻᡣ
ʯСʯ߼ӣ֪ͼƵã§
ӱܲãʯСʯ춼ûڣҪǰʯͻȻôˣôվǶ
ЦŻصû£Ǿˡ
ʯСʯźۼʯСʯСϸʯСʯܽ۵꣬Ҳ۵ģϻΪ߷һĨ̺졣
ѾҪ䲻Ķ˶Ѿ˵ˡʯСʯˮ۵Ĵһţջãĺӡ
§ʯСʯԵǰţ˵
ʯСʯ˰춼ͬ׵£ЩţڸղûӦҧҧʯСʯ˳°ڡ
ţ
ʯСʯӵ㻹û˵ʲôʱأ

13

Ъ·΢˱ˡ
˼ҵׯոˣϣ˸磬͸ҪȥϵĴ˶ζ
ײ̵ŴţȻʼӪҵˡ
ײȥߵǰͻȻͣסˣţǽйĸʾ
ԡǱˣ
˼һ£ûȷʵԣʵû취
˽ȥúøƹĽͽͣƹȻƢŹ˵㣬Ҳô顣
һȥƹľЦӭ˳ˣ
üҪӡ
ͷţƹġ
ǾͺãǾͺáƹĳЦĺ飬顣
͸ˡ
ⳡ治ʱ򡣡ƹĺͶĵũũ£ҲӺüû̾˿ȥǴ壬·ɲ߰һΪҪģû뵽վˡһת˾ͺã˾ͺã⼸ɶ˲ٻء
˵ͷûֱȥɻʣƹģҽʱſйĸʾô£
ƹ̾˿漴޺޵֮ǰһվտʦ没˼٣ЩСû뵽ΪĲˣ첻֪ȥǶֵ£Ҳ˼ҹײ̡һЩⶼȥûӣֻһվտʦ
һ˼ҵģЩʦɲһ
˵꣬¶ᣬ͵ģǰЩǮҲֺ
ˣƹһպãʲôӻƶԼɫˡ
뵽ʯСʯǰ죬ȥʯˣϾҪˣʲôûУԼµʮӣ߶û֤޶±
԰ɣƹġ
ڷ˱ƹ̧ۣ㣿㲻ǶѾ𣿡
˵ӡ
ƹһ㶣Ͷ֮ǲտʼǰ̱ġ˶ΣöڵͷǺðɣҾԣҪ治ɵĻǲῴġ
ͷ
ƹţһѹײǰ
һɡ
Ǹɡָһ
ƹۣҪ
˳ŶֿȥһϺõľײġ
Ҫǻ˿ɲġ
ͷȻ֪Ҳ֪ǺõĹײϾ¶ʵĹ׻ֵǮ
ǻˣҵĹǮ
ƹĿҡͷԶĹǮû꣬붼롣
ǶٲȻһıӡ
ȰҲȰˣҲûӡʾ˭нһԵĻᡣ
ƹģ˼˾
Ҫģľײġ
̹ײģŴʱѾչˣ̹ײĵĹսķչĺܺá
ľٵʯף·۸ӣҲѧ
ˣִ̹ײıǵ̸ϸЩ
ʱ˽ʱգ֪ʲô϶ʷαдĳʷϿûи֡ʯľײķչĺܲ졣
ǵ㣬İ嶨ˡ
Ҫ̵ͼܴͳǳõļݺ׳ͼ
죬Ϳʼˡ
Ϊ˶ûˣƹ±ʱʱȶһ֣ƹҲŲˡ
տͼϸ¡ƹĸ롣
ɲͣЪļţȵȥʱ򣬶ҲһС֡
֮󣬶ȥʯСʯҡ
ûţ㺰Сʯ塣
ղͬǣղûʯִɤӦ
ʯСʯ˳
ʯСʯȥ֮Ķһ׳ˣһֱĶţĿ⣬öˡ
Сʯ˭ѽôû˿ʯСʯʡ
ʯСʯ·ҲţŲŲ磬Ƕ
һ뵽˻Ϊȴһļֱˡ
ӻڲϵ뿿ʯСʯ¶Ȼ򵥡ҲҪġ
˼ʶ࣬˿ʯСʯĶܣŲȻʯСʯľ룬Ǿ뵹Ҳأʲô
ʯСʯǲˣӲţǲ˭õƫƫӶ
ʯСʯֻĿŶ
һʯСʯҵʳҼңȥʱĻͰɡ
ʯСʯͷæվŶˡ
վס˵ǰߡȻʯСʯˣŸӳȥʲôӣ׼
׼ƾʲô׼ǰһ
ƾʲôЦƾ硣
Ǳ硣ʯСʯ̲סСֹ
׼һ䣬̧ȭͷƵȥ
Ҳ̲סˣˣӵƵʹϱΪ˲ʯСʯΪѣˡڻϱˣ
̣
Ȼܡ
ָݣֱӳɲкԷˣҲֱ̧ɲ
ӵʱϺƵãش
ûһȭߣĶԷ֡
ʯСʯĺˣæˣˣȥҡˡ
ݺݵһŲŰա
˭ѽȥ˶Բ
ʯСʯش𣬡Ҽ޳ȥСĶӡ
㲻ϲʡ
ͻСʱû˫ף˱ϵϣϵȥףû뵽Ǽ֪ﻹи޵СʲôҪһҪײͬ⽫ּ޸ϵүүϲͬˡȴû뵽С޵ǸȳӡСϾðǷģҲô롣ʯСʯҧҧԣϲϲҪֻҪֲΪѣ̾͹ˡ
£ȻˣסҼҰɣҪȥˡ
ʯСʯ۾ģϲ˼ǻûף⣬ðɣ
ҪԼҵģһδ˺Լһ£֪ܹ鲻ãȥҡ
Ͷ´Ѿ˲֪ˡ
˵ûȥء

14

ϣʯֲûʯСʯؼҡ
ϣ˼Сˣࡣ
ʯСʯû¾͸ʰ£ʰĲˣķҲˡ
Χӳŷʢв˸źţķȰ֣÷ͣ÷ΣôСաʯСʯʱʳָ󶯡
ˣʯСʯǸô£
Ŷұ簡ʯСʯ¿ӡ
ǾǸ
ѧϲռСˡ
ʯССӡ
ʯҷʯСĸ飬ʱӼһ£ҲԸġƫƫʯСʯʯСʯϡ
ҲǿʯСʯˣǿʯҡ
ʯСʯʯΨһĸҪʯҵţʯҵһпɲˡ
ʯСʯ뷨ʯСȥʯϵʯСʯҪ޳ȥģǵԼӡ
ƫƫʱʯСʯͶ˻ԼʯС˰Ҳֻ޹
ԭǶˣǰ˵ʯСʯͶȡԼˣǵ˼ֻˡ(ʯСʯͶ£ûȥ˶˼ԼҶŮҪأɲܻ˴)
磬ǰҪȢСʯʱСʯͶлԼ㲻ͬ⣬Ҳû˵СʯͶûԼˣܸÿǿ˰ɡ
СʯںʹͷĶˣ˵Ļǲܳˡʵʯϵ
ʯһţĨӷš
ʯСزˣ𣬡ʲô磬㵱׵֪ܵȢСʯϰСʯ޸˶ϼ޸
ˣʯС忪ʼޣ뵱꣬Ϊ͸ɩһΪ޸һȳӣʲôܸɣ޸ҳ˶ٿ֪࣬Ҳǣף磬ôԵ𣿡
ʯСܽᣬҲǽˣܻһΣҲԻٵڶΣֻҪˣҾͲ㡣
ʯϵરવĳẓ́Ѿ˶ĺӣ⻰ҪǴȥһӶ̧ͷˣԲ˵
ܵܿϵĲСʯʯҡЩʯϵҲ֪
ɵףԲܵܡ
Сʯǰһ飬ҲǸĸˣҪǼˣܱ֤ǨŭСʯͲһˡ
ʲô˼ʯˤĨȻȷʵûº£ۼͶڽ˵⻰Ҫ
ʯֻǵһκʯСϣĴھΣھҲίСʯ
ʯСҲ֪Լ⻰˵Ĳһֱһɩǰδ͹ͷǲһһߣ磬ȺúÿǿǣһҪϾס
˵꣬뿪ˡ
ʯֵͷصĿˣûˡ
ʯϵһ̾æǰο
˫һֱСǰ̬жͣʯСʯԼһ뿪Ͱֿ϶ˡ
Ҫһȥе㵣İǡʯСʯĿġ
üǵݣܳʲô£
庢Ƶã˸Ǻñӣǲ֮ǰͷӡ˸ǡ
ʯСʯˢĺˣֱӳ˱סͷ
ص䣬·£ҪƣͼʯСʯǵǵǵܹ
룬һǷĲµͰ֡ʯСʯҪǹ˼磬ǿǸˣСЩʱ⡣
ͰܸҪС׽׽СΪǼ˶١
ʯСʯֻǣС۸Ͱ֣СǴӼǶڱ磬ѾʮһˣûԸ޸ĵǣϻմѪҪһСĳͻǿô죿
ֻ
ʯСʯֺˣȻû·
ʰ룬ʯСʯϵĻҾͺƹ٣Ǿͳװɣȥ֪ʲô鷳¡
ʯң˫ɢЪ£ȵڶټ̸
û뵽˯ǰֳ
շ䲻࣬ʯСʯӲҪ˯ʯСʯʯֵȻͬⰡһ˯һĵ
С
ôУԺҪġʯСɩվӲ
ʯŭˣ˭˵ҪСʯ޸ӣ
ʯСüˣҪң͸硭
ΣҶͬ⡣
硪ʯСתͷҪʯϵߡ
ʯϵͷʯС֪еĥˣҲܣСʯ޸Ҷӣ͵ǻǵǷҵġ
ʯЦǷǵ£ҲҶӵġ
ʯСһ죬ӣʲô˼
ʯּΪҲ֪ǵ˼ӺóĻ˼һԸѺӸǼңǷģСʯǷǵģȢСʯ붼롣
ˣ
ʯСʯһӱ߿ˡȻʯСʯ缷ʯ˽ȥ
ʯСʯ粻ˣ˰죬˾ԾƲԸʯСʯ޸
ϡʯСʯƵãҪΪʯҵļҲúʯСʯЬ
ϵľͺ˳ȥסˣȢ֪ҪٶñӣʯСʯˣ˾˾
ҽ컹˯ˡ

15

ʰĿյʯСʯСҵЩ´˵ˡ
ô˵绹ǸΣյˣ°͡
ǸΣȽϸӣ֣ܶҲ
ʯСʯͷСµҪ
ţȥȡһ˼
ʯСʯԹԵͷվŶ
ûãͼˣﻹŰѵ
뵽ϴˣʯСʯˣ˹ȥҪʲô
ʯСʯţʹ˦ʯСʯ
ʯСʯСŶǰȫһӸԱȥˡ
ҪʲôʯСʯͼᵶ޵ʲôҪи̣ҺͶô
һ飬ΪҪȥɶ
Ҫұȥƴ𣿡
µ§ҾŷƴʯСʯĴëôϱҿ϶ǲܲܵģʱҵģҪǴܵĻܡ
˸յʯּңͼʯСʯ統ųֱ߿ʯСʯš
ߣŰѵʯСʯͽˡ
ʯСʯһֵ۵ĸоֻˡ
ɺӲסҾ˾˼ңҾͲߣܵ𣿡
ߣ˾˼ңеĶҵġ
ʯСʯ縧ƴЦʯǵ˾ˣĻȢСʯͼı˾˵ļҲ˾˾˰Сʯô
һŲϣͳĵʯСʯʣڴͷ˾ǷҵǮѶӼңаǮ
ʯСʯ类ǰѵסˣջعⷬʱʲôʯϵʯϵԭҡͷģʯһšʱֱͷ
ЦʯСʯң÷Ӻ͵Ѻ
Ƿ˶٣Ƿ˶٣ҪѵغͷӶָ
ʮʯ
һ
ͬʱ
ʯСʯ۵׸һ˿ɣæͣʮϢٲҪӣһʮ
˵ţ𵶣õ֣Ǹ׳壬Ҫծġ
˵ҲȢʯСʯõʯСʯԴаһ
˻һûʯСʯзӦʯСʯͲקס˶°ڡ
Σɵϱӣ
ʯСʯտڲԣ֪˵ɶˡ
ҲȻòһӣھ͸ҹȥɡ
ʲôʯС壬춼ˣҪǳȥ
ǰϵģв޳ûҪǲˣɾ͸ˡϺʯϵǰȰ
ʯС常һ£ûޣϵҲߣ޾͸ˡ
װϴԸӣΣǿͷǺðɣһ
ʲô
һָͷԣҪģһ˶ʮǮһ͵ߡûҶҪеˣҪӻҪɲܸ˱Ƽˡ
ʯСǵͨ죬ûдӦʲôʱԼסҪǮˡ
һۣҲԣ׳û׼ܻס㡣оģϴȥԣͷҰޣǸˣҲֻǱҰ޿˼⡣
һ¡
˶ʮġһ˶ʮ̫ˡ
˶ʮģ㿴ļ㣬ȥļҡ
ǿʮǮ
ʯСҧҧŶӳȥˣҲ֪˭ңû
ʯСʯ˵ǻǮڴһ˼סˡ
ʯС֮ʯ־ͳˣ⣬ãҪǸ࣬ǡ
һ壬Ҫǰɡ

16

ٴλصʱһ˻ġ
ֻҪ˿УʯСʯʱԳס
ȥװһƥ첼ٶúͲˡ
һж׼ˣΨкͰ׼ҵĻԼǶӦ
ûҹ׼ңÿΰ׼ѡ
ЩˣһֱС궼뾡취ҪȡԼ׼òҲԣǰ׼ƺܿ⻰⡣
˯ˣռȥ׼ңζҪˡ
˰죬ʼûץص㣬֪ǣԭѾ׼ƸˣƸӡ
Ŷһһϣװְ춼ûӦֱŻع
װֿЩӣȻҲȡԼȴķʽ
ûԼǲԸӦģӿˣñӡ
ǲ˰ɣѾʯСʯһˣҲͶչãڣôǺ¡ұϲһЩ˭ǷԲΨһţӼ޸ܻܿΪټҷɣٻġ
˰ɣװִ˸·뷨ȻԶкøУǲûпҪȢԼӣҪǲɻж油οƸͻˣҪӼóӣʯʵ᲻á
װоᣬȴܲЩĶʯСʯֻ뾡ʯСʯȢȥźȿͷ
壬Ȼ˫ȡԼ˼ҿվȥҸ֤°˰ɣ
죿£㡣װӡ
ʲôʱʱ䣿ü
Ǽ£ͦæģҲ˵
ˣʲôʱڼң㣬Ҫ೤ʱ䣬ܿġ
ҡ
װֻ˵ʲôٸᣬҰСҪҽԼͬˣҲþҪˣʱڽڣҲΪκµԽԼ²ȥ

ʯСʯ֪ȥʲôģһֱڼȶϢһæȥô𣿡
ôţССһ£û
ʯСʯʱЩʧˡ
ǿǵ¡
ʯСʯǲˣûͰС£̸ʲô£
ʱΪˣСҪˡ
ǣϣǶæˣɻȥλĴĳ˵ǲϣ˼ҽүүүү
ҵĻԼļ֤¶µġ
үү֪⣬οͶˣɷλޣǰЩͬСйűĺӣ㻹ҪĸţԼĻ£Ҳ˿ЦĶļ磬ɣھ͸ȥ׼ҡǰʱ׼Ϊ˽ԼûڣڵͷˣЭˡ
Լǰ׼ģͬүүȥˣװ־ٲԸҲֻͬ⡣
װԭҪȥġүү׺һƲȱҪȡԼģ˼ͬˣֲˣϽİһ죬ȥҪҡ
õ飬Ц
ЦĿģүүʣôͻȻͨˣ
ͷ˻ʵ棬ҪˣʯСʯ
ԣүүüˣʯСʯǿɲǸֵģСء
һ˵ʯСʯãˣҾϲЩ
үүһʧı飬ҡҡͷٿתȥ
үүˣҲŻֱȥʯҡ
塣ʯֺĴк
ߣɨһۣʯ־Ͳٿˡ
ӣЩӦǰʯֶԼģԴҪȢʯСʯţʯ־ͲôˣôõĶӣҪɱ˼ҵˡ
ʯٲϱҪȢģ˷ĸΧһ𣬶㿪ʼ壬СʯĶԽԽˣ뾡ȢСʯš
ʯֱҲͬĵͷʯСʯҲʼˣϲˡ
ʲôʱ򷽱㣿Ҹӣ׼׼°ˡ
壬ʲôʱ򶼿ԣ鷳Ӱɡ
ʯֲӣ³ˣô
¶Ϊѣ˵þôҪϣҲ̫˵ɣܲٿ㣿
³ˣڻҪʮʱ䡣
ʯҲˣʮĶӾҪͳȥˣ֪ǿ˼ҵ
ôˣ³ˡ
ĸĸҲӣĲ鲻ԸĵͷʯСʯƵá
ʯСʯĿʯˣæ䣬֮ǰ׼档
ɫһӾͲÿˣָͷʮ찡
û˵ʲôʯֱӽ˸˳ȥûг֮ǰǸΣշӡ
һ˹¶įĻؼңʧˣΪûϱ
ڶˣʰ£ȥ˶ۼҡ
ü㶨ˣ
ͷ
ʯСʯְԵȷ
ͻȻСô죿
ãǵ˵ͷʯСʯͦõģԺɩˣôˡ
һ۾ʺ˵ı鿴Ŷ۸㲻￴ʯСʯˣǵͷǺðɣҪҰæĵطǵøҡ
뿪ۼҵ·ϣһֱ˼ʯСʯʲô£˲

17

Ȼ˵ټˣɶÿ컹ǻȥʯСʯұһ춼䡣
ʱܻ㶫⣬ˮǸʯСʯԡ
ʯֵżҲԶٷɾǲ˼棬ϱֻðúøɻ
ײ̣Ǹײġ
ƹ˼Ƕˡ̸һΣƹĻ˹Ǯķһˡ
ƹ˵ˣҲ˵ʶߣٵúһҹײ̸Ǹʦһ
죬Χǹײת洫ƹ˵֪ˡ
үƹ̨߳ӭˡôпӣ
òƺӣţϵĶ˿ͣ
ײ̲ײĻʲôүҲ°ھҸˡ
ƹһתҲ˵үа£
ƽǵа£үûˡүĽͣǹײΪҾҴǣ¾ͷˡ
үƽҵӣǹҵĲ԰ƹϵҲˡ
ڰүүүƹһ֡
ү֣⣬˵ʦˣԭֱȥʦģɿǵĽ飬ʡҪûУҿɾȥͷǶȥˡ
ƹĵͷȻܲܵ¡
ţﻹɶûȥưɡ

ƹЦеĸ쵽ڡ
һ˾ƼǶæĶ
үҲʦɻģʱǰһ
漴Щźǻûꡣϧˡ
ƹҲ۾һʲôʱҪ
ү֪ƹôǱ͸ףǴҪģϣ죬ҪܽҾ͵㡣
˲廰ٶȣ졣
ƹĵͷЩģǱʴⵥͶƽռµġ
ƹ˼£ҧҧһ۶ԶҪܸ֮ɣ͸Ӷʮô
붼û룬һȣˡ
Ϊʱϣûʱ˷·ϣ綼ûؼңֱӳס극ͼɡ
ôģһҹ
߲ݵĸŹ

ʯҡ
һΧȴû˶ӡ
ԴӺʯСʯˣÿл˺ʯСʯˣȻҲֻʯСʯúòáûһϡ
ǽ쵽ˣûʯһסˡ
ҪȥҿʯСʯͻȻվƳĬǺû˱ˡ
ʯϵરવĳ˼̣Ȼ˵У춼ˣڵϹģȥΣգ
ôأʯСʯʡ
ɣһȥҿҲϢʯַˡ
ʯСʯ˵ʲôʯһɣֻĻͷӦˡ
˵ȥ˯ʯСʯһ϶ûۣһ컹ʯСʯˡ
ȥһģҲġ
֣û
ʯҲüһ氲żﻹкء
ʯСʯһĿʯʯСʯһ嶯ʲôżءԹԵģҪңͺӺúڼҵ
һʯ˵ĺӣʯСʯֻõͷԣȥڵȡ

18

һʯ˵ĵĶжȹˡʯСʯԷҲԵĵĲɣԵļ٣һļûԶ١
һ죬ûʯСʯסˣȥ˶ңȥ˶ңҲûˡ
ʯСʯˣϽܻؼңأûؼң춼ûؼҡ
ʯϵŶӰż˵
ʯСʯĽȥûؼˣ᲻ʲôˣȥòãʯСʯ޵״ΣʯϵҪȥ
ʯϵȻˣ˵ʯСʯ˺ӣϵģɽв޳ûʯϵͲͬ⡣
ɡ磬ȥ
ʯСʯϵζͬ⣬ֻôӦȥ
ڶһ磬ʯϵ˶ζ壬ζţһ˾ͳˡ
ߵھ˻Ķ
һĵĶˮરµ
˯һ۾ͼʯСʯվǶ޵ϡﻩġ
Сʯ
ʯСʯһƬհףһֻļɱž˹ȥ
ԭǾܾģһʯСʯͷĿţʲô첻
Ҳû˵ĵĻǶ֪ʯСʯܵ
ʱһͿԴϻˣûǹԼˡò˵˼ǹҵĸоã
§§ʯСʯԴʯСʯʹĿ޸ͣЦЦʯСʯӡһǡ
һԣ˶Ķζߺæתͷȥţӣ
ʯСʯᣬͻȻʲôæƿʯСʯ
ڹײ죬һֱû·ˣڹײգմȾᡣ
ʯСʯһ㶣ȻﷺСỨ
æͣ϶ˣѬ㡣
ʯСʯ죬Ҳӡ
Σ֮ʯ.ţƤ.СʯԼҡ
Ҫ·ϴʯСʯû¾ͽ˶ҡ
߽ҡ
ʯСʯЦͶѾȷˣ
Щª߰һŴ󴲣˯Ҳӵм·ҷţȥʯСʯ͸ˡ
·ƼǰشиӣʯСʯŶϴ裬Ҳû¿첹첹
ϴսһ棺Щ۵꣬΢΢Щڴϣ·ķ첹š
֮ʯСʯѾ첹ˣպҧͷ̧ͷ
ʯСʯ̧ͷһģˣô·
ΪȻڼﲻ·ɶϵ˵ˣԼѹʯСʯŰɶ
һҲСӡֻţ˶ඨˣҲνӲˡ
ֻʯСʯԼ·ӿ˼ˣŰӽʯСʯ뻳
ʯСʯܲסˡ
ܺãˣһ㱡ϣϵȶȴҲ̵ˣټϿţǿְȫϢʯСʯĿȥ
ΨһľĸǰʯСʯ˵Ǹ
˿̣ʯСʯߴӵĿţʯСʯµ˶luo¶ϣܿƵӲˡ
ϵı仯ʯСʯȻʮˡ
ڵĸǸУʯСʯԼҲģԼݲݵĽһ±(liao)ȵĸɲһʡ
ǺйУɲһҲôһȥˡ
ʯСʯ±һʱЩ䣬Ŀ۶Ȼ˳Ŀ˹ȥ
ʯСʯСһǶʱ㣬һѽ˴ϴȥ
ЩϾɵĴʱ֨֨þòͣ
ʯϵһ˻ȥˣ¶һ˽ѡ
ʯֵ֪ҲǸˣ֪ʯСʯ͸ˡ
һˣʯ־˼˼ûԷȥˡ
ߵμſڣǴŵģʯȥ˳¶ûˣҡ
ߵſڸ׼žһȻĴϢ
ʯﻹ֪ɶ£
ʯ˶סˣֶӸճֽ˻Ѩĸоѵһοˣ
ѹֵ˷ʯƤ̲סҲ̫Ҫˣϵ⵵£Ŷء
֮⣬ʯеµĻţԼĶӰôˡ
ʯûϡ
ʯֻȥˣ˳㻹š
ʱˣʯֱ緹ȥ룬滹ûͣ˾һʱӦԷŵĿˣһѹ֣ûμ
ҺöұȽƫƧҪȻС쵰Ժôˡ
ˣһʯˣӿɻźء
޿̣ʯţ춼ˣԷ
ʯСʯһ͵һеĶˡ
ôһϣЪ
ŴѾǰʱ¡
ʱʯСʯһıţص°´ŲһµĿŰ֡
ʯֿŶĻʱ˵ˣֻʯСʯߡ
ʯСʯǿ֮ĩһͿʯһͳŲסˣϵȥ
ۼֿæ˱
ڵϣʯСʯҪæƿϱ죬ͷŵء
ʯֱˣ⻹ûף͸Һô
ϳȥʯ־úúͶ̸̸
ʯСʯʯֿڽеֲ֡˼ĵͷȥ
ʯˣݺݵĴʯСʯͷ㻹֪˼ȥˣ
ʯСʯһ죬±ָҲڽͣˣʯСʯҲûɶý͵ġ
Ҳˣʯ־Ҳܲܶӣֻøú˵˵ţ֮ǰ׼㣬ûУ
ʯСʯСֱͷ
ʯּ̬Ⱥãʱ΢ЩӾ͵õţȳԵˣͲںˡ

19

֮˯ذʯСʯĻҲˡ
ѵмڵĶȥʯתһȦ
ڼҴ˼죬ʯСʯڴȥˣСľ裬˼·ͳˣʯסֲֻ˸СӶϴ
ڵСӱߣЩСϴ·壬Ҳһۼ˺ܶˣһȺ󹾹ҳҶ̣˵Ĳֺ
ʯСʯŸСľ˹Χʱ
һȺ˶ʱ˵ˣĳʱʱĻʯСʯϿһۣȻͿʼҧ䡣
ʯСʯԼҲ֪˵ʲôģûдܿЩˡ
ºӻҪģܶһʱ㲻һӣҪԵġ
ȻѾˣɺˮǺеµġʯСʯóСӶʼϴ
ʯСʯһǶϴСӶûƢ˴󵨵С˵ǷǣԭЩѹֵ˵ߴƵã̧ˡ
ޣʲôû˾ͻˣҴֵܳǲҪǰҪġ
˻һʯСʯĬĬϴ·ǼֻʯСʯˣ汻ˡǼ˵Խû˹˼ɡ
ǣۿûҪȢˣû뵽춼Ͳס˱ˡ
ǣ˵Ͳ֮ˣֻ֮ǰãûץס
ָǺ˭أţǿʵ۲Űǲ֪СҰֿڶͷϡ
ҲǸģС겻ҪȢŷֻȢ˸ЬҪһǸҰ֡ǴԽ˵ԽˣһȥƴҴգƴճôһϷ˵Ļͱӭһˮˡ
ĸСӸң
ҪƿڴͼʯСʯĶǡ
ʯСʯͶȷʵûŵЩ˵˵ֻˡǧ򲻸ĺӣɺӺͶĹϵ
ңΣʯСʯС°ͣһ˿η塣
ʯСʯǼΨһĺӣǱģСͲ£˭ʯСʯ͸ҳȥˡ
ʯСʯڴĺΪСʯСʯףǳΪźõĺӰôͱʯСʯͷأ
ûʯСʯ̸ʣҲû˸ʯСʯϣһ˼лԼģ´ȥûȢʯСʯֺݣûĹ
Ǵʱ˿ڿˮ㣬ô
ʯСʯһߣһǰҲδɷģܱȲЩˣ˻֡
˵㣬㡭屻ʯСʯµˣҲղ˵Ƿǵʱˣв֪Ӻνͣ˵˵ȥҲ京Ѫˣ˵˵
Χ˿۹ЩҲ̲סʯСʯȥ
ҽһΪ˵ЬԲҡ
ʯСʯæ㿪ɵǸͷϹƨɵ˲㣿
Сˣ˺졣˵˵
ʯСʯ˵бۣһ˵еӣΧȫʯСʯĻˡ
ǴţһȺ˶ʱΧŴָָ
ʯСʯܣСľ͹ӶҲŲˡ
ǴĿϷ뿪У˵û¡˵žҪȥʯСʯ
ʯСʯһûվȣ£һƨɶ˵ϡ
ʯСʯ˼룬ͻȻſڴҵĶӣҵĶӺʹ
һҡҡԼˤģҵ¡屻ˣû뵽ֳƵܿˡ
ִˣȥﱨˡ
ʱʯСʯŶ۴ޡ
ʱŵˣæˣԣޣھʹȥҴ򡣡
ʯСʯˣʾͣ¡
ûͣ۵ʹ˵ˣ
ţʯСʯίĵͷƨɺۡ
ղһƨϣӲѵƨɺۡ
һܣһʯСʯСƨɣ޲ޣԡ
ֱζңţʯСʯҪȥ
ʯСʯˣ˾ӣҪȥģ
ţϣԣʹʹȥ㿴򡣡
Ӳʹ
һ£Ĳʹ
ʯСʯͷֻһ㡣
붼û룬ͣĶζͷʾݳ
ȥҴưɣȻҲġ
˴򣬴˵أ˼ҩ뿪ˡ
£ʯСʯϹ䡣
֣§ڻʯСʯһδ˵ĸЩߣͼŵ֡
ĿϷţЩεĿͻȻݺݵʯСʯһڡ
Ͳţ
ûֵʯСʯ˼·ŵСˣܿˡ
ʯСʯݺš˶һѣ˿ΪܣٺٵЦˡ
ߵһεſڣȻƼʯСʯǰһֱۣȥ

ȥ
ʯСʯˣŶ
ǰʯСʯûǮÿ·ﶼҽ
ĴŹ̨ϰŵΣÿһƯһӣǸɫ
ҲƼʯСʯĿ⣬ԼĺɰΪҪʯСʯӴĺ㡣
ʯСʯ̨ȥָƹģǮ
ϾкλҪĵ궼ӣֻһǮ
ͷͳɰֱӸˡ
ʯСʯû뵽򣬶ʱˣæĺɰʲôֲ˷Ǯ
ͷǶˣһû͹
ʯСʯãҲҪǮʡţӡ
͡һҲڿεĴЦˣע⵽ʯСʯ΢΢ĶӣʯСʯĻЦСû׾֪ıʡǮ
ʯСʯʱˣһᣬźɰ򡣡
ЦЦĴӻͳƹİ
ϰװǮ̤ʵ

20

һ·ʯСʯûٺͶ˵һ仰Ҳˣͻţ
ģ·ߴ˼Ӹš
ڳϣʯСʯ죬˵
Ķζһϡ棬СֱŤˣ
ֺõĴ˹ȥСʯһֱûԶ˰ɣԿڰӣ
ʯСʯŤͷǲ
ˣѺɰʯСʯ㿴û⣬ǮġԺǮͬһҷ˹ǮҲòã
ʯСʯûô̬Щֻ͵͵ۺɰ
Уղûüϸ
˹ȥԺ󶼸ţҾһòã
ʯСʯŲԸĵͷ
æϰӣϿԡ
ʯСʯĿ֣ȥζ塣
ٺһЦҶˡ˵æкζԡ
ζҲϳ֮һػˡ
ҧһһǣǸ
ϣʯСʯ§һһڵιţ˰ɣ
ʯСʯˣ첻ͣͷôΡ
ֿ˿ԼҧһڵİӵݸҲԡ
һھ͸ˡ
ȻһһڣԵĲֺڼ䣬ûס͵˼ǡ
Ķζֱۣɷˣ
ιӣʯСʯ֣ϣȻպЦÿ
ʯСʯ˸ۣЩһǮ
ͷͦÿġ
˴ʯʯϵǶˣһ˻æӭȥôˣû°ɣ
ʯСʯճûСһ֣֣û¡
ʯץסֶ˿û£˿û¾ͺá
ʯСʯϵĲ죬ŰֵЦ˵û£ǸϿȥɡ
һԶǮζ壬Ҳæ׷ȥ
Ŷӵ֣ʯҲʯСʯ
һֶţʯСʯNɪ̧ҡҡÿɣ
ղŻһǮ˲Ƶá
ʯֵȻõǶģεĿŶӡ
Nɪӣ·˶ˡ
ںĬĬĸţ
磬ΧӳԷҲˡ
ŷʲôƵã̧ͷʯСʯ˭۸㣿
ܲƣʯСʯ֪Լû˽ѾûˣǲҪģԼѾˡ
ߣΰҵĺҪأʯֻ
ΰҵľϺʯСʯǴ塣
ʱ֪ΰҵİˣʯֱӾȥצӡ
Сʯ˵ʲô͹¶ģ
ʯСʯͣ죬ٺһЦҾôһ˵˵ֲ꣬ȷ˵ҵײ£ǲ֪˭ˣʱ̫Ҽǲˡ
ǲˣ
ʯˣ׵ġ
֡ʯСʯɵҪҪȥ˵һΪ벻ɱô죿
鵹ҲûС
ʯЦһܵĥǿ϶ģɱһ˽⣿ϧĺܡ˭пܻɱܡ
˵꣬ʯӣȳԷȳ˵
ղŻžҪϱôһϯήд̾ϱĸԶӡ
ʯСʯͷͣҲԣܲҽ쿴Ǯô׻ˡ
˸ֱۣˣǮˣŵλĲΪˤ
յ֮䣬̧ۿʯϵһƽ̾
ʯȥΰҺ󣬶һֱʯСʯţʯõĻŷ
֣û°ɣʯСʯæܳӭʯ֡
ޣʯųΰҵķȥʲôңҶӵʱô˵
һ̫Ͳȥ͡
˰Ѻû˾ͻؼȥˡ
ϾҪˣþ׼š
ڶȥ˶ۣˡ
ڶۣӡǲģȻʶ˷мֲͬ࣬˵ΨһԳΪѵˡ
˵û۵˫ףȥ֮ⲻ˰ݼλ
ΪԲԵʣ۵˫ײо񣬲ô˵ӣǸǣҲûͬ˺˼䣬û˿
۵ѵڼңʱ棬֪ʲô
ˣһ۴ǿЦ
ͷ˽ȥڼպ׵¡
۶Դ˺飬Ŷ˴Ž˴嶨¡
ۣôûȥԣ̸£ͬġ
֧ԴҲֵǰӣֱԵϾҪˣԿ϶ǲˣҾû¿ˣԭҸ̹ģҪβܻˣҵĸĸûչˡ
һ˹ײ̣ϻߵʱǵԸˣųһƱղľ
۰ݵʱҲͦ
ľҪ㲻ںǹײ̣ȥԡ
ﶼôһ˵ùײġÿ£ǱʱպЩе˻ţ˹ײģ٣Ҳ籸ţ浽ʱҪҴҵ׼ײġ
ԣƹĶľºܼ
۾һÿô磬ĵܳɣҲͲõ޷տĸˡ

21

ϸ㣬ѾüûʯСʯˣȵĺܼ尾ڵȵʯСʯ׵ӡ
ľϯһﾭϯİæġ
ԵĶõģˣֻмҽõģҲò˶ٲˡ
󶮵ʣϤҲ򽻵Щ
ƹӼСƣʯӣһңζһңĴһң˶һ峤һҡ
㣬Ǻòˣƹܱ
ǣСë¿һ£ȥʯСʯҡ
ʯСʯŶĴ£ڴǰױ
СʯƯ͵͵뻶
ʯСʯЦսӣ𣿡
ţȻˣ֤ǸԵŲۡʯСʯССʯСʯһĸŴ⹫һ
һĵ˸ʯСʯױٶȸˣӭ׵ˡ
ʯСʯһ˷ܣ޲òױˣھȥļҡ
СǱɣʯСʯ̫ûϢˣСһѰסʯСʯ£׼ҶȻһױһֹôȺӻ޲ȥƵá
ǣʲôõģľګ˵˴ûɶ£ûɶһӣСʯͷôˡ
һ뵽ǰǳ׽飬ٿʯСʯѾ㹻ĶӣСվû˵
Сʯ̩ɽ̩ˮ󣬶һ̶ȲģֱʯСʯ
ʯСʯعͷڿһ˲䣬ʯСʯˡ
ҲˣΪǳ׵ӣΪʯСʯ˵ױʯСʯˡ
ճյĿʯСʯһʱվ￴ɵˣֱһС˹ȻһѱʯСʯ塣
С뻶ͻȻĶһæס¼Ӧɸ米ŵġ
һЦʯСʯһڣǼСʯͷұžͿˡ
ʯСʯû磬ΨһһҲǸ磬ǰͶɹܡ
ߺҲȥˡ
治Ҫ֮ͥ¾͸ұСס
ǣ̰ĿʯСʯˡ
ʯСʯﲻ˵ֻǻӦ§ס
һЦ⼸˯ţӽ쿪ʼҾͿձ˯ˡ
ʯСʯҲǸƤģû⻰ж߳ܣֻҸˡ
СߵĶܿ
ֵˣֱ¿ˮޣ治Ҫ
ǣ§ʯСʯСϸȺСë¿
๫ؼҡ
һֳһͷȥһȺֱ˵ŲҪȴ޲ĽϸС
ãڼ˶ǻججģֻŶš
ʯСʯͽ·óкˡԭĿˣСһҲ˹뻶Ҳ׳ûֵģϲơ
һƣôˣһ뾴ˡ
ҲˣóԳԣúȺȣ⡣Ȼֱ
һɫǵһȺ˹Цԭ಻ͬŻµҲ˲죬ϲȾ
Сʯһѽ˵
ʯСʯһ㲻ȥк𣿡
˰һ߻شһ߽ʯСʯ·
ӵϴˣ鰮ζʳ֪ζ㱻ʯĸˡԭ屾׳ϵĶҹҹﶼʯСʯǰ㡣˾ڻˣﻹ̵ס
ǶʯСʯһ͸ɣֱʯСʯʱˣȥ˹ƶˣȥ
жкءݺһʯСʯᶼˣ᲻öˣҺʯСʯţֻúŶȥЦţȿ˶ټҡʯСʯһ죬Ҿ㣬ȥء˵ţĦŶ׳š
Ҳ֪أֻùԹϱĻ
ӣʯСʯһ飬ĵڴϲˣɶǺñӡ
߿ˣٽݾͼʯСʯѾ˯ˡ
ЦſʯСʯ˯գҴҴǣҲʯСʯһڴͷĿš
ӿһɸжűĦʯСʯʵĸ¶ӣмˣиɰСϱûиӡ
ʯСʯٴѾȫˡ
ˣæܹʯСʯҸհ˼Ⱥˡ
ʯСʯŽ˵أһվһЩվסˣŶţʯСʯߵһֶۣ˵ҪˣǲϷݺݵһͨŰա

22

϶ǵʯСʯǺüµĶӣûôֻ˵㶹§˯ˡ
ڶĺ磬ȥϡ˼ˣء
صײˣ˿ġû취з򡣻Ǻͻع⡣
һ׼׵㶼ţȻԷ·ɽ˱
ʯСʯŴƵţɢһĺŲȥ˱뻳
һʯСʯˡ
˯ɣΧЩİȻһӴʱĴæ˱ѡ
Сʯˣæ§뻳С
ʯСʯѾˣȻܻסԼҡ
һʱʯСʯЩ˸ˡ
뻳ǣ˯ɣ
ţʯСʯЩͷƵĲ˵ֻͷ
ҲĲԾæʣôﲻ𣿡
ʯСʯڶ밢ְˡ
ЦЦ׻˵ķСֺͰôʱȥ˶٣ʲôƵãְֻһӣˣҪϵġ
ʯСʯԴˮģȻ¶°ͣлл㡣
˳ëлɲֻ˵˵ġ˵ŷϵֻĻμ⣬һ㶮ĵһȻһѡ
ʯСʯһգһŽ´ʱʲôܰҲûˡ
սȥʯСʯˣ˵һ죬ʯСʯҲ˲ˣæҪ
һЦסʯСʯ֣һѰԼĻ뵽ֵ죬䣬ְѱˡ
ڱ£һͨ˸飬³¯Сһߵģ
룬жʧˣССһ壬һͨŭ𣬡쵰һ±Ӿ͸Ūˣĺϴ֪֪
ԣڨڨͷСϱƵõͷ֪ģɻ̲סԼ⣬춴Ūġ
ʯСʯʱɫ졣
ǣ»һͱȥӱϴȥˡ
Ҳôֻ࣬ݲݵϴϴա
ϴ󽫱šɣŽľ裬ҪȥͻȻƲԶһСһͷ
ˮ̫С̫Сˣȫͽˮڵ³
æľˮεСˮֽС
ϰһ뿪ˮС͵ĿԼ£ȳüˮ
ȵļʱСû£Ƕòᡣ
СᣬӣѸٽСҸ£ͳȥ
̫䣬Ҷൢ飬涳ˣ˾ȥ
ʯСʯʢ˷Ų֪Ƕˣæܳȥ
ʵհѶϳȥͺˣȥĸ˳ȥϴе֮⣬ʵڶǰֵͻݵġղûסƢ
Сʯδȵ
ǣʯСʯʪˡ
æС·ӣһԼ·һߵˣȥӱϴ׾ͼСһͷˮҾ͸̳ˣɶˡ
ʯСʯæȡ˸ɾ·ĸϡ
ղŰѶȥϴͺˡ
˵ˣҪץס˵ľ͵ãᣬá
ղʲô
»๫´һ٣ָȥϴ·
ʯСʯԼΪٻ°ֶģʱĸζˡ
ʵҲģܲסԼ
СǴһ׼ͥĺӣСĲ̫أܿˣһİĵطҪ޴֣һʯСʯСһףͷ˵ˡ
߲ס˯˹ȥ
ȷСû£ʯСʯ㽫õķҨһࡣ
Ҩһ࣬ʯСʯݵߣգգ۾๫԰ɡ
һæܿʯСʯ֣룬һȥһСӣˣڶջ·ϡ
ʯСʯεЦЦֻҨһࡣ
ֿ࣬˿ʯСʯⲻԲѽ
Ƕſ캬סӡ
һ룬һ˳˻~̡
ò˵ʯǸʵˣӵ޺ģӶѰĴ࣬ڣʯСʯҨ͵ߣ໹̵ġ

23

ССĲûвӰ죬С֮󣬶˸
գۣ͵˻ŵǰһ졣
˯´˿ʯСʯȫû˯⣬ڴϷ
ۼ˯⣬һʯСʯһ
ֻͣ˯㡣
ʵĺֻžҹҶɳɳĺԵú
ʯСʯ϶죬ʱͣˡ
ʯСʯˣ˯
~~ʯСʯ˸λڶ£һ
ʯСʯˣŶ˰Σ̽ס͡
к
ʯСʯ˵㡣
е㡣
ʯСʯ˵㡣
СЩ
ʯСʯ˵㡣
Ȼ󣬶ˡ
ĿʯСʯڸ
ʯСʯġ
ʯСʯһ̣æջ֣ĵͷ
˸Ƿʣϵģ˯أ
ʯСʯż޽һͻݵĺ÷ɣǲʵֱ˵ˣ˯š
һΪǾͲˡ
ȻС꣬ʯСʯǾѧѧССǹ˵ֶǶô˵ãһһһһ
ʯСʯɬЦЦ϶ţ˯ţ롭㡣
˵꣬ʯСʯͿġ
ûʯСʯԤǰ㽫§绳ᰲǽüһᣬУﻹСأ
˵һ§ʯСʯͷͷһԣ˯ȱһú㡣
ʯСʯŪ󻶣Ҫû϶ԸʯСʯġ
ʯСʯɵˣô£ԤĲһ
ڶ죬ʯСʯźȦͶʯҡ
ʱ򣬶ʯСʯĺȦֻϧΪ˺ֻίСʯˡ
ʯңʯϵ˵ʯֽʯСʯҲ˵Ļ
ôֽģˣ
ʯСʯΣʯһĲѹİɡȫ˵ǰҴӲƢҲӲˡ
ʯּڣЩҪץסһ˵ģ㻹Ҫպãͻݣᣬ˲衣
ʯСʯصĵͷԼġ
ʯܽᣬ֮Ҫһȱ㶼ڲɱصޣĸ˿ӡϹǮҲһãҲͶˡϺøǣȰСǿʯֻ¶ֳ˿
ǵģСʯСʯӰ˵Ŷֻ뵽˻Լ๫ʯСʯµĲУһʱʯСʯ־
๫ģ˭ߣ

ʯСʯڶԱߣûȳԣȸ˲ˡһɵΡ
⼸ܾʯСʯǰһˣӹ룬ûסʯСʯ˵ǰһС
ʯСʯЦŴӦкǺǵЦţҪǰһԣͲҪˡ
ʯСʯЦ˵ͷȴëëġ

ۼҪͿ쵽ˣﶼûʼ֣Żûʼũæء
˺ϼ£óʮȥءһʮټ϶ҪǮȥصģͻʣ㹻Ӧ
ϣֵ˯ʱ䡣
ʯСʯǵǵǵǵϴȻӴͷٰ٣ٳ޻
뵽ģҲ¶ˡ
ʱҲ·ʯСʯɵЦʹչɶأ
ʯСʯŻˣ޻ŵһأûûʲôɲƻ޵
ٺһЦһסʯСʯҪָͷʯСʯˣ֪룬ͻȻһ޻ѹͷ¡
ʯСʯ֪棬Һ޻ûüá
ֻ֣Ȼ϶ĿʯСʯ㱳ҳԺóԵġ
ûУ
Ƕš
ʯСʯһѪں󰡣ûˡ
˵ûپ⣬ʯСʯ˵ʹ˵ɽ˱ѡ
ʯСʯҲˣҪ˯£ͻȻ˶סˡ
һЦҳʲôôóԡ
ȻʯСʯһǡ
ʯСʯ̽˰죬õ𰸵ĶкܸӣЩġ
ʯСʯʮӣ̰̰͡
Ҳ̫ûãûǮûǮϱԵġ
ʯСʯҲܶ£Ҳ˵ֻҵ㲻֪ɶĶ
˰죬ΪƣǸʲôô˰컹ô㣿
죬˺Щ졣
۵ԺɶңǮǸ㻨ģʡš
ʯСʯϽӣˣͰ͵ץסӣģʵܺġ
ģѳʳ£§ҾͷųˣԾԼȥȡ
ҵķǶģʯСʯһζͷģѳĻȫˡ
ÿÿʱʯСʯվ⿴ţǽⲻôץס˵θٽץס˵أ
ò˵ķ治
ʯСʯһԸȥȥˡ
磬û£γεкʯСʯѳľͰùҸóԵġ
ʯСʯǵǵǵȥֵǵǵǵܻأ
˹ժӣȻķľͰ
ӻЩ̫죬ֻ˵ժһͰͲժˡ
ʯСʯļקקӣкöأôժˣ
ıӣ㻳źأ̫ܳࡣ
ʯСʯ˱죬ųԡ
ϣæ˰죬æˣʯСʯ˸æܹȥأ
һ㶣漴ʶʯСʯҪԵأԴԲˣõȰء
ʲôʯСʯҧɵһأھȻܳԡ

24

ڼڵ˵أޣֻĶɳأһĶˮ
峤ҲǰϵΪ˶Ƹ񣬲Ͽ˿۶Զ쳣˳
ʲô֪ĶɳأʯСʯĵһ뷨ǣ쵰ӻ˻Ǳ˿ˣȥɳء
СʯСʯҲֻĵģֳԲζ޲һӶҪ
ˣʯСʯʮע£ûбظ£ܼȻôǮɳˡ
ʯСʯǿ˵ĳ嶯˵Ķϵˮ𣿡
!ɳز͸Ķ
ʯСʯ۾ɵķ죬ǿӰǵźþܳׯڵ
ƣʲôɣ
ʯСʯҧѽǺǵЦţͼίȰ˵ɳسׯѽ
һۣ赭дׯڣֱġ
ʯСʯ඼ˣڵʳģׯڶûóԣ㻹ֱģ
ŭʯСʯᣬҪʲôѽ
ƫƫԴһ£һûá
ûã
ûã
ʯСʯ߬ȭͷ̧һ˺ü䣬๫๫ס˵ĳ嶯
ǣ๫Ҳ˷ѽ
ʵͻȻ뷢չҵţִʳǮġ
ϱӵʱֹֹϣֹѣֹ
̫ۣˣֶ˰˰٣İ٣ҲˣһһŪѲժ԰
ûãûʯСʯ˵ǲ˵ʯСʯ֪뷨
ԴӺͶ̸껰ʯСʯɶ鶼ûˣֻУǿӰһճɡ
ӴӴôܹˡ
ʯСʯᣬؿڣ˵ˡ
ϣʯСʯľ˯£ûúóԡ
ڴߣĴָĦ۵ôˣûúóԣ˯ˡ
ʵȽϽǣСûǰΪ½ΪΪ
ʯСʯĵĿһۣʱֿʼˣǿӰĿڣ뿴ƣ̡
Ǳģ
ץЩʱһģҴȥҴ򡣡
ʯСʯһץס֣ȥܺãڼû¸ɣеơ
Է
һ·ͻȻʯСʯҿʼɻˣҪһȥɢɢΡ
ʯСʯæҡͷˣȥ뻶Сתת̫ƵġҪȥģһзʲô
ֻôӦ
ϣ緹ȻʯСʯСʯˡ
ʯСʯ˯죬첻֪˵ЩʲôĶûס
ʯСʯЩһƽֻҵĿ
ЦЦȻ緹Ѿˣڹţǵȳˡ緹Ҫۼҳԣõʱ˳ˣҪǲȥּҡ
ʯСʯۣҪˡ
ͷ
ʯСʯʱֲˣ⼸ǶһէһֿЩá
ס˰죬ʯСʯŽ˷ſڴϺͶ˱
ǴŶһȥġ
ȥʱ򣬸ʾǶأľûй
ƹŶŸˣλǣ
ƹЦЦжۣƹĲҪľջʹԡ
ƹĵͷȻʶۣѧľ
۴𵽣ҸǰľģŸѧһӡ
ƹĻӣ԰ɡ


һߣʯСʯ˯ˣĥһˡ
磬극ȥСȥˣԷʱʯСʯһˣ˵Լҡ
뻶СûȥʯСʯңҲȥ
ҵӶ˺öˣߵſڡ
õġ
СһۣȻ۵ץʯСʯ֣Сʯͷ~ÿ
Сʯͷÿֱڿ뻶סôƵķӡ
յˣʯСʯʱ˵ӡ
ÿӶûǣǸܼ๫֪ڼ󣬻Ǯˮ
뻶СĿʯСʯ˹˶ʱһţΪʯСʯġ
ԶϵĶ˸磬诼һЦСˡ

25

ᣬ뻶ʯСʯԷ⣬ˣɶ
ʯСʯʵش𣬡
ʲô뻶һޣ㻳źӣ͸˵꣬뻶ţȥ׽ֻȥ
˵꣬ʯСʯӦ뿪ˡ
뻶ҪˡʯСʯں溰ǵ˵뻶Զˡ
û¡СʯСʯ뻶ִӦ뻶ױЩ뻶Լģĳ԰ɡ˵ţЯʯСʯš
֪ʯСʯͷǶߵʱѾˡ˵ţʯСʯѾСһС¯ǰ
ֻССĻ¯滹ŸСɰð
ʯСʯЦļɺóˡ£ζ˵㡣Ҹ
СͷִһʯСʯȻãеĶУ޹úۼǿסˡ
˵Сæջ𣬷ܿͺˡ
뻶ʱĻʵ뻶Բ۾ôң
ʯСʯƲһۣǶˣôôĥ䣿
뻶Լʢһ룬ҲҲ֪ҰִĻҪСʯͷ棬˵ҵ޲ȥһ͵͵ġʲô
СƲƲ죬㰢ֻˣͻˣСʯ𣿡
뻶漴־ȷʵô£Ҳ˵ˣֻͷ档
ǳ׺һιзŲʯСʯľͻˡ
ʱ˻ڶڵĴ죬ҪŶ룬洫˵
Ҹǽر𷳡
СͷȷʵʯСʯͦѵģ⡣
ǰȥأǶˣĶˮǰܼĶɳء
ܼǳ鴤ȻʯСʯСǰĨԼ
ʲôСµصҲһ侲޵Ҳǳĺɵ᲻Ǹˣ죬˵Ҳ󽲾
ʯСʯҡҡͷȻ֪ǰܼ˵ɶ˵ĶɳͦáɳźãׯѽܼʱҲ㱳ȥ
뵽ʯСʯ糿̣Ҹ˵ֻԼĬĬ۵ӡʱȻȭͷŴֻЦòƻû˵ꡣš
ѽ뻶
ʯСʯһӣ˵ѽ˵ɳزׯڣ˵۲ׯڡʱҾ˵ˣׯڶģ㲻ׯڻɶ
զ˵
ʯСʯʱҲңƼȥҰСô죿
С𣬡ҪȥСһ٣Ժŵ㡣
ʯСʯЩĶûɣ˰ɣʱҪһ޶϶мܲס϶ùԹԸˡ
ЦãôСȥˡ
ôѽ뻶ǵʯСʯ֡
ʯСʯ̾˿Ҳָˣһҳ⼸Һú룬СȻԶǰܼٶȣ϶֧Ų˶á
һĬ
һҸû뵽Ը⹩ǰ붼ġ
ãС޷޵ҪͶɢˡ
һðСϱĹϵԺһҪϱԶ㡣
ЦʯСʯЩɬٶڴźź๫ɲ·˵ͻ
ʯСʯѵýߣ뻶ˣæ׷ʡ
ʯСʯһߴ٣ź׳ÿϡ
ʱȥϱҪǵ¶ѽ
֨ѽһˣ˻㶵ŵʯСʯ๫䲻ò˵Ķ¡
ЦζСʯҲѽ
ʯСʯһ£ȻСƵ˽Ļ๫ˣ۲ۣ
ǳĸˣݼӰѽ
ͷЦЦҲۡ
ʱҲ˶ˡ
ʯСʯæкˡ
СջԲѵȰʯСʯͶɢ˶һӾϨˡ
һǣһҲ˵ôɵ
ǣʯСʯ̫ˣղ˵һʹļ׵ӣһͼèƵƲĻ
˳Է˾ܾˣʯСʯӣֻ۾æǡ
ϣʯСʯ磽ʱʯСʯ鶯񡣶ͻȻ뵽ʯСʯ˵
ʯСʯûаȫС
Ƕ˫ָʯСʯСʯû˱ˡ
ѵõʯСʯȻѣʯֵһ仰ʱʯСʯĶ𣬡ڴ˵Ļǧš
ʯСʯǺԸģЦǺǵĵͷ˼֪ˡ
ĿûʲôҪ˵ģ
ʯСʯһ㶣诼Ӧܺá
ȴǲϷŹã
ʯСʯûſ죬Ǿ仰ܺá
ͻȻԼʧܣŵʯСʯһҲˣֻһ䣬ܺá

26

ڶ죬ȥ˹ײ̡
ãûɶܱϱ޵λˡ
ȻöƵĻֹ㡣
ߵſڣͷӽ֣ƹΧʲô
ƹģô£
ԭڣͶ۸߸ߴǶһվʱͣ˵㡣
ƹһˣʱЦۣˡ
ͷȻƹģʲôˣ
ûȶڣһԵļ˵ˣϻǴҵģǾ͵ø𡣲ȻǾȥ٣Ūӵ
ԭǰҹϻڻϻ񣬼⣬лϣ񲻹꣬ɫˡ
ϻӵ˽Ӻ£Ȳ˵Կ£ǸϻƹľͲԸ⡣
ûȥҹϻ𣿡ʡ
һۣҡҡͷΪ׵ĵϻǴģȻҪˡ
ƹļ򣬡ƹģ˽ȥǱߺȲ˵
ƹǸˣƽʱܽ£ɽ漰ϻǸ˴뱲ӣȴˣƹûܿס
ǼҲǲ˵ˣֻǱ˿ˣƹûк̬ȣЩ
ж⣬ƹ侲࣬ȽӣһȺҲȥˡ
һյĹƹѾ侲ˡ
ƹĶһۣ֪ϻȥǶֵȥˣҲϡƹĺϻ˴뱲ӣ˱ˣԸղ̬Ȳ˵㡣
ɵĵͷû˵ʲô
ֻײĵģǶǲܵġȥҲǲµģβǶϻ˵ˣʵСȴǲϱġ磬ȥϻǷԸ⳥¸ǻԸ⣬Ը⣬Ѱ۸»
Ϊ׵˿˼ۣҲǸСƵӡ
ƹĵͷĻʦ˵Ķġ
ССľ֮󣬼һתСôģϻӣٻһСɻȻЩȴʡһӡ
ôģ˫̸ˡ
ƹϣֻǼ˳ϻ
ǼָϻλúƹǸĿŶϵܣû뵽㳶ԲסģʱҪҲԿģһӣҲ
ЦЦҪƹӰ
ƹƣܸϻǮȫҲԸġ
˷˲ʱ䣬ٵ飬æȥɻˡ
һߣϻ˸ӣؼʱ̾ͱš
ǼһҼҾ˼ң룬ȥʱһеͷ
мϻš
ţҲûȥÿÿʲô״ƹǶŵˣܵһʱϢߺŲԱš
ײĵˣǺҪģȻҲҰѼ˵½ϡ
ϻѡԲ֣Ȼ˵Ǵǰˡ
죬м˾˶
֪Ҫ죬ʯСʯоᣬϾ»См᲻õģһԳö뿪СııԼСΪҪıʲôᣬͶܷ¡
ʯСʯԼϣ뿴ԼСж᲻Լ
ʯСʯˮһգգĿȥɣȥǶǮһڼҵġ
ʯСʯԼĶɳԹ൱
죬㶼ôΣա
ʯСʯˣæףһģҪ
⣬һԾ˶ŷʯСʯ˯
ڴϣʯСʯĸǾˣʵ㡱˵Ǯʡ㡱
ĬĬıһ鰢ֶ޽䣬ʯСʯʹɶû˵˯ˡ
ʵʯСʯ˵ĻʯСʯʵˡ
˰СҵţŰСǽɪɪĶ˵Сʯҵķɣˡ
ʯСʯǰСأ
˵СǸ˹֡
ʯСʯвʵİС꣬Ȼžžĸ˶ƣԺ󻹸˷𣿡
ԲСʯҲˡ˵
ʯСʯʱˣסˣԺ׼һӡ
׼ʲôӡָɽ֣סʯСʯȶ֡
ʯСʯ۾ͼЦĺΣյĿһ㶣Ȼ˲ԼĿˮŴ
Ȼλˡ

27

ҹʯСʯʧˣһֱ˯¡
ε̾˿΢΢ЩͶȥʯҡ
֡
ʯĺ磬һкɣ
ˡ֣¡£ʼ˵£ǰս˸Ҫ죬ҲСʯţܲչ¡
ʯֵͷУȥɡСʯչˡ
Է֣ҾȻȥˣҲˣҵøϻȥˡ
ʯ־ȵʡ
ЦŵͷȻ뿪
÷ʯСʯ˯û˶ţʯСʯ˯ּˣӶˣ۵Сȶ¶档
һѣһֱȸŲķ¡
ҪʱпܻúƷƷ
ʯСʯȻѣͼĴʿˮһæȡ
ʯСʯ̫סˡ
һЦȻҲѣʯСʯԼһקȥһ䡣
ʯСʯһӦŶһ󴸴
ȫûо͵
ѹʯСʯϾҪˣ֮ǰˬˬ
ʯСʯˢľͺˣʵҲģȻͲˣζΪΪ
.¹.ЦŽʯСʯ˸飬ۼʯСʯѾˣȻˡ
ˣȻ·վʯСʯԲ۾̫Ҫˣջ죬󲻸ԣ
ʯСʯ˺ģź䣬һѽקϴʲôʱߣ
緹
ʯСʯ׼ͿȥԷˣʱøͷ·ϳԡȻȥ·

һʱʯСʯƿ
ȣʯСʯﺬᣬţأȴţݳԣ
ûԲݵţʵܲˣʹӴӳͷУͷ˿ͷˣˡ
æʰ¶׼Ҫߣߵſֻˣڴ߿ŻڻʯСʯһڣҲ⼸죬úÿǿǣôҽ¡˵ְ꣬˼ڲ뿪
˵£ʯСʯЩ죬˵λˣͷǵñ˵ǻ쵰ֱӸˣǵһ˿ҡ
һʯ־ˣʱʯ緹ѳԹһʱ
ʯһͽУСʯСʯ
ʯСʯͶս˰Σûͺͣź~
ʯһŶ룬һʯСʯʱɴ۾ʯСʯж˻𴲡
ʯСʯᣬҲ𰡣û
ʯּ߹ҪƱӡ
ʯСʯæһ룬һ¶˼
иȺãϲʯСʯļʹȸʱʯСʯĶǺۡ
ʯֿǺΪɶأΣʯֲűһ䣬أ
ʯСʯҧŴߡ
ɿһʯæŲ۾ȥ
ȥ˳ʯֿ˿ˣĸˣڹšСɰﻹż
ʯֵ˻𣬸¡
ʯֲȺʱʯСʯ˴
~ʯСʯʯֵĸ첲ڼһʯŽ
ʯҲӵĽһ߿һ߳ʯСʯСԴ
о𣿡
ʯСʯʯϣĵͷû£˯
˵ʯ־ЩͬȲ˵㻳źӣǻᣬôҪǻӣ˿ô죿
~
úúã˵ˣ˵ˡ
֡ŷʯСʯͻȻ뵽ʲôʯ˵
ôˣ
ʯСʯ£Ȼ֣С
ʯֿһͬۿӶôˣʲôʲô¶꺢֮˵
ʯСʯݣҲû취ﻨ̫ˣʳҪ򣬱ûҪࡣ
ʯ̾˿浽˽ҲʱǲܲܵģҪǿڸǮҲδػԸ⡣
Ҳֻܶˡ
ڶӻСȥҲáȶӴˣҲҲʵʵڼҴšʯ˵꿴ʯСʯʯСʯͷɫӻҪʲôأ
ʯСʯСģ
˷ʯСʯȥ׼ˣҪʲô
ʯСʯСʱǸСӣ̰̰档
ͷסŸ¹ϸرóԣʯСʯÿÿѭζҹȥſ˼Ҵ۰Ͱ͵ſˮ˼ҳԶ
ʯСʯ̫ǿңһ͸˷ˣ˼ʯСʯ͵ֻͰ͵ľСƨǶˮ˼Ҳøߡ
һССţ˼Ҳһ˳ԣǾһʯСʯԡ
ʯСʯǸʶʵģһξǶܣôһȣȱʳ˼ҶССӳȥûô̰ԣôƤС
˺ʯСʯʼ˵ΪһʯСʯſǼҴˡ
˼ɵݸһģ껹ûüʯϴϴ׵ʯСʯצצɾ˶ʱȥˡʯСʯһͨϴˢ
֮ҹϵΪʯСʯʯʱʱʯСʯӦˣһֱǰ˼Ұ뿪
˼ദǼ꣬ʯСʯ˵ѧ˸߰ˡ
˼ĵĲ裬ʯСʯ׼òϣصĿʼˡ

28

һ찲Ȼȹˣ˵ڶ죬˵ʯСʯ͹ȥˣҪʯСʯòͦŶȥʯҲ䷹ԡ
·ϣһȺеû԰ΪһҪĴվɣһָָ㡣
ʯСʯϰΪǲ治ɫ
ʯСʯýﲻԡЩ˿Ŀƺ
ԼЩĹڣʯСʯֻԼ̫࣬ҡҡͷߵߵˡ
ʯ뻶ҸڣʯСʯˣ뻶֪ܿˡ
һʱ䣬뻶ţĿʯСʯСʯû°ɣ
ӣЩ˵ʲôˣ
ΪʲôôʰʯСʯʡڴ𰸣ʯСʯ뵽ж೶
뻶һʵǲ˵ģΪչҲ˵ģΪҲò˵ӣ˵ˡ
ʯСʯ˼룬ɵĵͷȷʵǳȥˣҪ컹ܻδԻ㿿ס
ô֪ģ
뻶ŵ£ﶼˣ˵ҪˣϵСˡ
ףʯСʯԼ棬߬ȭͷЩҲ̫Ƿˣ˭˵ģ
뻶ɴ۾ʯСʯȭͷµıסţ㣬ҵ£㰢˵ġ
뻶սȼʯϡ
ƿŽͱĶŵʯ֣Ǹɣʲô

ģʯϴӶҳʯСʯʱʯ־ͷɧڼңҶһͦŴӻҪæơ
һˣͳ뿪ˣʯСʯͦŴԼԼ
⻰˴УֱˣʯСʯʯСʯͦŶԼԼ
ˣҪʯСʯˣʯСʯͦŴԼԼ
ģһǱϵĸˣҪʯСʯˣʯСʯͦŴԼԼ
Ȼ󣬴ԾͳˣѸɢ
ʯСʯ֪˵ʲôãʯСʯȥɣµô£Լͺá
֮ʯСʯɸøɶɶһߵȴŶ
ֱ˵õȥ֮󣬶ûʯСʯˡ

ɻǼһļ壬ҡ
һ̽̽Ժ˾ǣΪɽ·Զټϲֱ٣һӣֱˣϲй磬Ҷ
˼һá
æ죬æˣ깤ϣ˾ϯҲμˡ
ʦһڽˣͻȻ˽
̽
Цĺϲ⣬ллʦǻڻˡ˵͹ײֵòģ˼ҿϰ۸ǻڻ٣̽ǳġ
æվˡ
һˣ̽ҲûͬٶȥֻѼͬ˵ȥˡ
ֵúû˯ãڶȴʰ
Դˣʾʲô˯ţȻ˼ңϱ˯
ʰ˰˵ĹǮʮӡ
˷ţȥͬ˼ҴУ룬ֻиޣ˶ڡ
⼸գһֱס峤УûˣûǶţ˰죬ŵ峤ӡ
֪Ҫߣ峤밲ЩǸǻЩʱˡ
һʲô𣿡
밲Щʹûʦĺܺãǡȥˡ
Ͼ̽
̸ͬˣͲˣһꡣ
ǵ˼ǣ
밲ϵ鷢̫ͻȻˣ˶ûбùײġ
ҹײ̣ϻǾƲȥˣΨһѡֻжˣǡɶպô
ϵļ˵˼ϣƯ㣬Ҳ»Ǯ
ЩΪѣҷɻźӣҺ˵ˣձأ⡭
ǣʦĺܼ
һ£ܲܰæͷŸҷɡ
밲һúúãû⣬һ͵ϡ
һݾд
뵽ʯСʯǰ䣬һӣϴЩЦ⡣
ԼϱдţһţǾɶˡ
ԼûаʱٲúúúһСϱʲôĸζ㣬Ұ㣬ҪǮƵãҲ̫ĵд
дţδ˱ʡ
д󣬶룬Ӹ˻ȥֻʯСʯǸСԿʱûȥ
Ÿˣһɣ־ﲻԣ˰ҲûɶԾͲˡ
ǵģĸо׼ȷģȷʵкҪһ㱻ˣǾʯСʯʶ֡

29

ȴ˵ˣֱ죬ûʯСʯһûףܻȥʯʯϵ
պãʯҲ
ʯСʯеĽʯô¡
ԭŵѾ˴ڣǡʯҾסڴͷ֪ǸʯСʯŵģʯֱϰкˣԼȥʯСʯ׼ȥʯСʯˡ
ʯʯСʯ֣ãøŵѾǼˡ˵ţʯʯСʯȥ
ǸĺӣʯֺŲ裬һʯСʯæվ
Ƕη𣿡
˳ηɵʯСʯһ£æӦţҾǡ
ʯСʯֿˣҼ๫˵ҪȴŻǳʲô𣿡
ẺӺԴʦײģʱûܻҪ졣
ʯСʯһлɣʱʲôûˣ˵죬Ҳûϵ
ˣʯСʯԴеЦʦȻǸʦ
ʯСʯûӵģû¸ɨɨأ˹ɶġ
ʯЩҫֱ̫ˣʵڿȥˣתƻ򿪰ʲô
ʯСʯù򿪣мֽһ
ȴ򿪰Ӷʱֿ죬ܵ㲹ˡ
ʯСʯֽ֣ʯСʯɵˣʶ
쵰ӾͳˣŸֿ
ȥμκơ
μκǴ˶ѧʵˡ
ʯСʯͷ
ϲ̵պӣʯСʯžμκ̡
·ϣʯСʯ˹ССʯͷȥ
ʯСʯЦóţˣȥҶμκ̰š
μκ찡һȥɡ
ʯСʯͷð߰ɡ
μκҲǸţǰҲģ˹ˣûȥֻиѾһеĸɩ
μκ𣿡
һ䣬һ˳һˣμκˣС
СûǵС˼ŴʯСʯùݸСʯ๫Сʯдţæ
μκһСҪæţæ˹úñֱ֡
ΪСμκ̫βŰչСʯĸΰ
μκǺˣҪôĳڡ
¿μκĻˣƪĴʲ˵ʱʱ
Сμκһͣˣ㼱æߴٵ
ˡμκһʯСʯȻһʹϧʯСʯĸĸôὫ޸˲֪߳ܣ°ܻˡ
Сдʲôѽ
μκһĶˣͨҲûһ˹ĵĴݡ
СԴתĿ죬ѵǶʲôõ£
μκ̿£ãμκʹĵͷֱ̫ˡ
μκȰʯСʯҲұˣҪǸʯСҲͻˡ
Сɫᣬ뵽ĴţʱȻ򣬡ǲ㲻Сʯģ
μκɵˣȫС˼·ʯСʯ˲ʲôϵ
μκ̲Сչȥʶμκ̣ѵ飿Сˣ
ȻƷӣûҲϰҪڷϣͻȻﴫһ
μκɫһףæ˻ȥɩ
ɩŵĿϵΨһѪˣɲҳʲôˡ
ɩôˣ
˶ð亹һ԰ףȴҡҡͷǿԼ֣û¡
μκ̲ܽû£
ڶμκתһ̣θɩһĿſڣת˲μκתЦһᡣ
СǼκϲĸ
ߣʯСʯɵˣ֪дʲôء
Сöμκ̲شĬˡ
ȶμκæٳʱСʯСʯˡ
μκ߬߬ȭͷУý
ҪȥСθɩǡֲˡ
μκΣҲֻʱ¡
ʯСʯ
ʯСʯģʲô£
뻶飿ʶ֣ǰұұɩǴдʱҼģơ
ʯСʯ˳Ȼͼ뻶ָϷСʯֳ˰죬϶ԣ־顣дģĺ
ʯСʯҲﲻס
ʯСʯ֮£ʰ·죬ʯҡ

30

ĹײڹײģһڿϺõĻľײġ
ƹĳ飬׬Ǯֱӽײңײĵ̸ֱ׬Ǯ͹ײȫûйϵ
Цŵ˵ӣ̽ݲ򵥰һʮء
˹Ǵʮˡ
̽죬̽˹׾ֱӻ˼ң֮ˣԭ˼ҪҹûӦͼҴҵظϡ
ʮ죬ǣԼСɣҲ֪ʮûԵĺòã˯úòã벻
ţ֪СʯǲǴЩ
һ·ϣƣû˯ֻŸϽҸϽʯСʯ
˴˳Ǯĳϡ
·ʯʱʯҵǴ󿪵ģԭȥģ£ûȥ
ߵſڣǿŵġ
СʯСʯʱʯСʯҲճ극
һȦҲˡ
ʯСʯȥʯҳԷˣʹȽĶúãȥʯתת
ʰʱ˶ˣʯСʯı춼ˣڼҲûˡ
ֱǿ
ʱû˼ʰˣֻ֪ʯСʯû¡
ʯҵļţŵʯ֣ʯһƼϲ

֣ҸջƼСʯڼң͹һżСʯ𣿡
ʯֲûлش⣬˵ԻҾ˵㲻ܻ¡ΪʯСʯֽչ˵ôǸˡ
ʯһʱ֪˵ʲô֣˵ɶ
ʯЦ죬ʯСʯӵķ򣬡Сʯú˵˵˹Ӳףлú˵ͺá
ͷԣûپᣬתʯСʯӡ
ģŵĽȥʯСʯССĺš
ĶʱˣվڴǰʯСʯ˯ҲĽˡ
żǸӣҲû˯ˣö۲ˣ·ŵʯСʯıѡ
⼸գʯСʯɶû飬̱ڼ̱̱ž˯˹ȥҹʱִҹľ˯ˣͱ
ʯСʯԺſڴϣҲ
ʶʯСʯǳǳĺ
ˣıŹ̵ţ£ܸܵԷ
һֶԷ־ȻԼԼĴȸ˯УʱʱĦһ£ɱĳ˵ĵط
ʯСʯоǱˣ
ʱס˺һͷ¾ˣֻĵڴţʲô˳ֵļһͻȻ
ʯСʯһ٣Ϥѽ
ʱʯСʯҲˣһŽ´
ȻһΣյ־ץסһʯСʯ뿪ȵ㡣
ȶͷԼڴ£ﻹſ鲼ϣ¹£ʯСʯ룬
ǿ룬¹£ɢӨ׵Ĺ⣬˿⻬ţ̰𪡣
ͻȻ;öˡ
ʯСʯЩã˲ǲҪôֻˣ
ûʯСʯȻͼ롣
ӦʯСʯæҪ鶼дˣͶ˯ǾǱռˡ
֪С룬ֻСɲ˼˳ְʯСʯ£һǣڱڡ
ϲСɹڡ
ʯСʯί֮ǰһ鲻˵ڻ˻ǿ⸺ĺ
쵰!ʯСʯ
ֲ԰æͣ֡
ʯСʯϣ˫ְʯСʯ첲ĿʯСʯ˿˱ˡ
һۡ
ʯСʯ˵ţ㶼ҪˡáΪʲ
һʲôʱ˵ҪˡһֱûڼҺòá
Σô¡
Ҷֽ顣
ʯСʯ޺޵ĵͷ
Ц
ʯСʯŭɸˣЦʲôˣҲͲʲôˡ
һѽ˱ʯСʯҲѹˣһʯСʯ۵⣬һߣҸ
СʯĸζˣˣأҲ
ʯСʯŵ£Сıƽ
ʹ˵ĲһʯСʯҲš
һĿֱ˼ľΪ
Ƕſ϶Ʒ⣬ҸƷʶӣ°ܻ
ʲôţЦ鶼ϴҪôǸݰҪôǸࡣ
ǡšš
ôģ뻶Ĺöμκ̱ˡ
ˣ֮䣬ͻȻʣۼǲˣֵǮĶûˣӶˡ
ʯСʯһ飬ֻٴβȥöû˼Щ

棬ʯһĵʶڶſʯ֣ô𣿡
ʯһ죬Ʈˣذɣذɡ

31

ϣʯСʯ˯һˡ
ʱˡ
ʯСʯ۾ڱ䰡䣬˯ʱˣ±ʯСʯź
ԭıȥˣ
ȥϴˡ
ǸƤģǲ˼ʯȥϴǻ֮ʱŪı촲ġ
û뵽ֻϴ˸ڴ˺䶯
ԶȺ˵ǲҪʯСʯôǺô
ʱˣⲻ׵ĴԵǴĶġ
ʯСʯᷦҪ·ͻȻſˣŵʯСʯ͵ĽԼɽѣֻǶˡ
ʯСʯͷװ˯ȴ߸ע˵ĽŲ
ˣˣԽԽˡ
ͻȻ˴һ£ʯСʯ緹Ҫˣ㻹𴲣
ʯСʯʱһͷıӣ֣ôˡ
ϣ˺ӣû̫ݣ˳ЩҲ¶۵İӳʯֻ衣
ʯһסӰ۵⣬ͣĦţ
ʯСʯһ£֣ڲڣ
ʯûͣȥˡϴ걻ִպʯ˵껰ء
ʯСʯһϲ̫ˣȥˡڼң֣Ұ·ҵóûϽ뿪
Ϊʲôʯֲ⣬˲ǶѾ˵ͺô
ʯСʯ㲻֪ҵʱһѶֵǮĶȫˣΪǽˣҵøϽ취ߡ
ʯĿɿڴӻ֣ϽߣϽߡ
棬ˮҪʯСʯϴĶôʯСʯǰ˳ȥ
ʯСʯǵǵǵľܻ˼ңֳôǿʱɾܻȥˡ
صʯСʯҴҶʰ¹
¹һȻµʯСʯһƨڵϣˣѾˡ
ʯСʯȥְϰĸʽܶûʳģʯСʯֶˣҲˣȫˡ
վڼʯСʯˣվŶеĸֿܵķӦ뵽˶Ĳһ顣
ͻȻʯСʯ뵽һ¡
ͳȥǼĴΨһԲȵĵط
һͿʯСʯֽʰӣŶðź
߹ȥӱס
ʯСʯһֶ
ˣ
̾˿Ҷ֪ˡһ£ղͰ˵ʱҾ档ʯСʯǲһġ
ʯСʯͨͨţ˶֪ˡôԼأ
˦һ飿
˰죬ʯСʯûһֽ飬ͼĶͷ˵ЪŰɣ
ʯСʯԹԵ˹ȥЩ£ˣ
ʰʰѾˡ
ͻȻ뵽һ£緹û
ʯСʯһ㶣ӻûӦԴҡ¡ˣЦһ֪ĵģȵӣȥ
ʯСʯԹԵĿŵģеһ룬ͻȻƵã
ץųſ򣬾ͼŲ
ˣۼҵأ
ʯСʯ飬ˡ
أ
ˡ
ǳʲôŹðֻŷηŴ׵ķ
ջʢʯСʯķһѶ˹ҳԣҶԡ
һˡ
ʯСʯͷԵĸèƵãε̾˿˱ǷҪһһӵˡ
ʯСʯӵĿ
ʵɢʲôΪʲôϲ˵
ûСʯСʯϡ
Цû컳ҺͰС£
ʯСʯɴ۾ô֪ģ
ûһǮ˵ίǮΪ˼ﰡ
ʯСʯԽԽˡ
û͵͵ң
ôֻ֪ץһΣû˺
۾΢Уˡ
һתͻȻ˸ŻʯСʯ㲻֪иëʲôÿζ˵Ҷ֪
ʯСʯܾ˵СĲͬƤԺʲô㽻ȥҰСҲ˵ʲôˣһǮҲˣȵľҲˮˡ
Ѫƿÿһ룬˼¶ȲľƣʲôʱȥҰСˣ
Ƿ׶
УǸӵӴһ֪మķô
ʯСʯӣԹĿŶ
ֻЦ˿ޡ
ʲô취أѾץİѱˣֻЭ

32

ҪѪˣʯСʯ˶˵ôҲǿǮ߰С£ֻ˵⡣
ʯСʯͷɴˡ
ָͷһһһҲϲСˣҲС˵ġ
ʯСʯôĵĵͷ
ʼ˵ڶһǮﲻԣԽеһġ
ʯСʯһһ㶵ģҸ㽲һ̹ϵΣ˵ţָͷ˵ˮΪɶûôأ
ʯСʯɬһЦԼȥþƺȣȥ˵˵ģٶЩˮͿԺȺܾãʡܶǮء
Լ̫ˣǼʯСʯɶЩΪ´ϣʵǳʱʣµľƣұƿͲˡ
ʯСʯԲ۾ˣǺǮ׻ˣ
ܽᣬҪǺúú˵ûЩˣûС̹ϣҪܶԩǮ
ʯСʯ㶵ĵͷǰСꡭ
Щ꣬ǰСֲ꣬ϲʲô£
ʯСʯôһ˵ЩɬʵҲǲ˵Ҿ㲻˸ô죿
ЩۣѾȢˣӶϣȥģ
ʯСʯԼĶӣʱˣǰжӣСûС
ʯСʯ뿪ˣ˿ֻʣһˣǳԷô죿
ʯСʯϵķѳԡ
ǷỨӣǰģ˷ѡ˵ţ߶Ҳԡ
һۣȻתݣûóŴСɣеģˮй
ʯСʯ˿ڿˮ¿ӣҲ˵˷ˣָһѳԵģӦòܷ̫ðɣ
Ȼ۰Ͱ͵ĿŶ˼ǣЩܷ̫ãǾ˰ɡ
źЦⶺˣŸ컹ǲġ
ʯСʯ˵ʲôأ˷˵ģֻóһڿһۺóԵġһζ·
ʯСʯЩˣʢһ룬Ҳԣôһһ˳Բꡣ
Цù˵룬ˣء˵Űѷ볷ˣĳʳǰһƣ԰ɣȵӣȥּҽΣ
ʯСʯ̾˿˸ģһʵǲԵģû취
극Լȥʰư裬ʯСʯȥԼ
ľһ죬ʯСʯƽҪһ˺һԼ˿̵顣
СǸѡ
ʯСʯվڳſڸ˵һҪȥ
һͷȻ뵽ʲôƵãͻȻŤͷվס
˲˹ȥ
ûʯСʯɣˣǲҪȥС顣
һ䣬ͼʯСʯ̧ͷдšô֪ҵ뷨һʹҡͷϡ
ĶһۣʯСʯԺۼҵ²ɶ¶ǡ
ʯСʯҪڷæµҲָܸע⡣˵ΪԹ֪ƨʲôС¾һ¾ʹˡ£ʲô²˵ȥҰ֣׼ȥˣƽʱһ滹ԣһ£ǻء
ʯСʯǰЩ߲ѣͷԴһһġ
ˣƨɣȥɣ
ʯСʯСܼʵȥʯСʯˣһ뵽ûǸˡ
СʯС˹
ʯСʯֿ죬С
ʲô£ӵСʯСʯ
ʯСʯܾᣬġҪǲС˵Ļô£ġ
ԥʯСʯСߴߴˣ֪𣿶ûҪң˵ϲСˣֻϲң˵Ժҵġ
ûʯСʯġ
˵ԺģСˣǰǿˣ仰ɿԺܵѽ
ǵˣǰļ仰ҲԵòôɿˡ
СԸʯСʯ
ǣʯСʯСɢˡ
Ȼ๫˵ĶԣС֪ƨ
ǣţ𴩵ʯСʯ߰ͷ¬ֻȥˡ
ȥ֮󣬶ѼѾʰĲˣʯСʯЩȣôôͻˣ
ʯСʯһС̫ˣҪ˵ƭġ
˹˵ʲô
ʯСʯʱ˵ˡ

33

ΣʯСʯ׬Ǯƻճ̡
죬ʯСʯͦŶӽ˳˳ȥȻžһĵ
ţҲ֪ʯСʯڸɶ
ʯСʯĵ˰ڸĵˣһġ
һѽʯСʯϱôͻȻôͻݣһˣર˺üڡ
ԼͻݵʯСʯ޷飬԰
һ˵Ȼ̫𣬵ͦģԹ̫ĵģͻȻһоġ
ó𣿡
ͷ
óȥô
ɴ۾óȥ
ʯСʯͷȻŶŶ
϶С
Ϊʲô㲻˵ͦõ𣿡ʯСʯü
˶ǣûŶζ磬Ϊ̫̫ԵʣǶرƫ
ʯСʯĲٵģͷһǣóȥ϶ϲʽҲ̫١
˶ĻʯСʯһۣǶ󰡣Ҫ˵ĶǣǮ׬ˡǷŵ٣Ȼ˲̫࣬˵϶ġûǮһһ㣬þˡ
ӣͿˣԴҪǮ
뵽ǮͻȻ뵽һ£Ӵڹ﷭˰죬óһСүƵһӣõӶˡ
ʯСʯСɶ
Nɪ򿪿
ʯСʯʿˮʲôأ
򿪰ʯСʯֻҸ̫ͻȻôӣ
ʮӡ
Ǽ׬ġͲȥĲˡ
ʯСʯʱ־һӣҪŬ׬Ǯٶ׬㣬ͿԶЩأȶӳȥ顣
һ⻹Ҫȥİ
ҲУõ꺢֮󡣡Эˡ
ʵǶ룬иҲãڼϹ룬һ˵û¶£ʱָˡ
¶ల¡
ա
ʯСʯˣǰֻԤš
ʯСʯһʱ䣬ȥ˼һֻ
̸üǮǮʯСʯԼˣѾܴˣıģǣŲȫʹȶȥǣ
Сɽ壬ȥһ˺ܲף͸ˣҺڻûѩ
һ˻ǰúùײģæÿջԽԽˣڵԽԽ磬ԺŻ
Ӷ˻裬ʯСʯ˵عϵȶ
ʱˣʯСʯһŲƿһˣ컹жۡ
ôˣסվſڵʯСʯô䣬ôڣұǡ
ʯСʯЦŰۣҲŸճ˵кۣɣҿ˺Ⱥء
۽ɩҲˡ
һ߳ȺĿһ˵Ż
СʯҲˣȥɶҪ𣿡
ʯСʯ룬ƥɣõģҪ׼򲼣С·
һЩԹ·˵ģӾҪõġ
ʯСʯٵԸ񳣳˵ϰˣֻζڣһСϱӣһЦ˳ûʲôʯСʯһӺ
۸ϡˣԭΪʯСʯףͻȻѾˣû뵽ȻܿʯСʯôߵһ档
ˣҽȥֻǮѾˣ⼸ʱǵȥǣʯСʯתƻ
˸Ӧţа!ҿ⼸ȥ
ˣ˵Ҫѡ峤ˡǶҪĿġ
ʯСʯǰһҪС𣿡˵꣬ŤͷԶǼصȷһţȻ˴峤˵С߯ˡ
һЦ˵ǰϵء
ǰɣʯСʯסˡ
۵˵ͷԻǺܴģǼڴֺãȻûΪʲô£ȴҲûй
˵ţһԳĬţҲ֪Щʲô
ۼĲɣҲͲú̸ȥˣԽɫ֪Ȥĸ˴ǡ
߶ۣʯСʯ˴ߣЬˮ
ϴš
ÿζʯСʯϴţʯСʯرɬ顣
˵ˣһͻݵķɣҪ˲赹ˮ꺮ů
ȫˡ
ʲô
źӣʲôҲɲˡ

34

ȴ˵磬ʯСʯȥǣ
֪ĵļˣҺԭǰϲţһ̷ֻ˫ףûȥСڣ㲻֪Ҳɡ
һ·ͬˣҵǻ˼ңǼĪµǸԼʮĺӣһ
һЦӭһڱеĲˣˣ
ͷ磬ҷ˵һֻҹǣ
Ǻһƽʱ֪ܲңҽĪĪͳɡЦŶļߣأʯѾѡˣǮҲˣʹֱӹȥǣ
ͷţȦһֱȦţһȦģһȦĸġ
ĪȦţҵһֻſŵǾʯСʯѡõģֻȦ
һЩ⣬ݵģģж̣
ֻĪֻôôݣ
ĪЦıֻӣһʱûֻıһ㡣
һ˼ֲûǮС򲻴ָͬȦһִַֻʵ򣬡ֻҲɡ
Ī⣿
ЦЦҷУһֻӡͷݵһͻ˶ãģҲ˶̣˳ˡ
ĪЦˣ˵С򲻴ദˣ֪Զ಻ףɱȴЩ̶ֻҪģ뷽跨Ҫռ˵ǿ
˵ǶԹżʯСʯƶһСϴˣ˶԰СһƬĵĶ
ˣﶼװűˣ˵ʯСʯͻʯס죬ͷֺ룬д顣
Ҳô£ء
ҲУ԰СĲһƣΪʯСʯôûǮ
ĪЩ̫ˣӡ
Ǯǣֻ򣬶Ī˱ϡ
ȥʱʯСʯڼң£˶
ǰû£Ȼ²ˣʰô£һҲ衣
ղǵҲܻڷԡ
۵ǲǫ飬ǵȻˡ̰ڵģȥˣûʱչҵͰˡ
Ҫ˵ʲôſڴһŲʯСʯˡ
~ʯСʯͦŰ˸µĶӣ·ˣһҪ
Сʯһѽ§ٹЩʱհֻܴڼˡ
ʯСʯŶǣ𣿡
ǣˡͷѡֻҲ̫ˡ
ʯСʯֻΪӣһˣ໮㰡
Ҽͷ̫ˣģͷ׳ġ
ģֻ֪̣ܲ˵㣬úãﻨЩԩǮԭͼֻˣã˵ˣҲˣʱֻݵͼɶѽֱֻ׳ġ
˵꣬ʯСʯĶˣ
ӣݵҸˣֵģʰԺĲǣ˽ȥ
ʯСʯĿڣˣһǮĳëǸĲˡ
ʯСʯҲһֻ˶Ǯˣ˵ҲĥԼôʣҲһˡ
ʯСʯԶԶһָǶûΪNɪҵ۹ⲻɣ
ʯСʯֻһĿڣϵɫ֮ǰʹˣָֻͷ㶼ûϸ𣿡
ЩףʯСʯɫ֪˳ɲɶ¡ɶ
ǰʯСʯشˡֻԴЩ
ЩĪǰͦÿġ
ʯСʯ޷֪ס⣬ʹһ诡
Ȼ֮ǰ㶼ĸô

ȥֻĪܸˣߺֽȦɨһ顣մɨˡ
ĪһϲĪ
һǶǣֻֻˣ滹ʯСʯ
ҪʲôòҲ֪
ˣʳԼĲ²⣬ôˣֲҪֻˣ
ǣĪеСʧģԭΪһСû뵽ûУһҲˡ
ʯСʯҲЩ˼ҧ촽˴ö˵ȽϺá
εӣĪ磬ֻܻܲĸģ
˶ĻĪҪͺãˣˣһΪʲôֲҪء
˵꣬ĪͻȻ۾ĿЩˣ㲻˵Ҫʯ˲ӳô⹫ĸĲһ˵꣬ĵĶļ򣬡ֻ׳ҲҲۡ
ͷ˿ҲЩ˼ˣһȣĪ˵ΪֻĸģͰֻСˣͷģԡ
ĪʱˣĿС֮תһȦЦһȻˬĸһֻĸɽ
ʯСʯ͵ſڣŶںʯСʯСţΪһȦĸģ˭֪ĸĹľȻҵġ
ԶĪЦŲŹš
ŶͣʱΪУЩƢʯСʯ
ҪǹԹĶãֱӰǣͺãô£
ˣһֻ˵ɣ֪ôҲðǣ
ڶҳСȥڻˣʣʲôˣ
ʯСʯҪڵֵܵƻ󣬾ͼæûʲôȻתƻ⣬ôأ
ʯСʯһۣȴҲԸӡ˵ˣӶǺӣҪӣҪСжС
һˣû󽲾ôܳԡ
Ƕӽ˳¶һ֡
˸б⣬˸֮ϡ
к˹Էһ˵ʣ˺ö࣬ǼԻ
չʯСʯţ˵ʣ٣ȥЩ
ʯСʯͷ̧ķһ仰˵
쵰
ǿһӰ
߶ۣСϱƵʯСʯߣȷʵ
ʯСʯͷϣɴϱ
Σٲúúúһˡ
ʯСʯһѸ§ССʯҲԡ
ʯСʯۼң̡
ĸ֣ԹϴǸ⣬ұ֤û´ˡ
˵꣬ʯСʯ̬Щ
ʵʯСʯûȥ
Ǻһ壬§ʯСʯ˯ˡ
ڶ۾ĵĴʱʯСʯ۾ˡ
һӰ~ʯСʯû˯ˣԼδһ¹ƶʧȥ
ϣҪչʯСʯҹÿ϶Ǹ
һ۾ͼʯСʯ۾ֱĿŶֻЩ
˿ĭôˣҹ𣿡
ʯСʯ̾˿תȥŶûûεӣʯСʯֻǰûȢʱôȫǻá
ҿȢ

35

ʯСʯ˯ˣһ˯ѣѾ쵽ˡ
ڳղûȥɻ
һڴϣһʯСʯӵ۵ǻЩ
˿̣ٻʯСʯԼȻôȻʰ˶һ١
ڳ󷹣ͻȻһۣ࣬Ҳ֪ô£һ;úһһۡ
ʯСʯʱʯСʯЩģԷҲԹԵģóԲ˳Բˣúࡣ
극Щ⣬ʯСʯȥʯҡ
촵ź磬䣬ʯСʯ˼·էһǾˣʯСʯġ
ҲżۣʯСʯǶͶۣʯСʯҲһ룬һߡ
˵ʯʱʯŴţﴫһ˵Բʯ֡
˶һۣǡˣ
ȥһƣȻˣֻȫûϵ
Ƕθĵ
Сڶ§ŽθʯСʯˣЩڵġ
ôˣʯӭ˳֪θһҵ£ҪӦЩͷˣһˣָˣЩģӶôˣôСʯˣǶԶ˵ġ
ʯСʯЦ½ʯ̾ûƢˡ
ʯСʯʯϵ֮󣬲ûкͶθкһԣΪĳʯСʯĳθЩΡ
ҳʯִ˽ȥˣװȵӣ常Ҳ
ʯСʯҲ常
θǰһֱΪ˿º͵ĳŻĻţЦĺͰΪͶĹϵθŶһģƣӣ飬һһһ飬Ҫʯʯϵײ֮ڲŵĿ˵ϱֵǰá
ˣʯϵܣǴҪѡ峤£˵𣿡һ֮󣬶θʼ⡣
ֱͼθһΪѵӣԭǲ͵ģＸλҼӲҪȰԣû취ˣͲμˡѡ峤£ϵ
˵ô࣬ʵθƱġ
ţʯСʯǵ£ʯӶȻĻΰ⻰һ¶ǻ֧ܲ
ʯҼѿĿȴҲ𴩣Ķװαơ͵Ϸˡ
ʯϵǸƺ«θһҲ˵û˼˼һ¶͸ˡ
θҲ뵱峤ʯСʯһԶͰԿˣСҲҪǾ֣
ʯСʯãú˼ˡ
ʯֲŲ˭峤ʯСʯǽ£
ݸʯ֣ͷˣе࣬͸Щ
ʯһۣȥ򼸽ˣﻹרһֻ򣿡
εЦЦû˵
ʯСʯһۣȻʯߴߴˣ˼ǣĸ򶼷ֲ壬Ǯִš
ʱֻˡ
ֹ֮ȥ˼죬峤ټȥĵط̸һδ峤¡
ԭǲʯСʯȥģʯСʯϣһҪȥ˵ɢɢġ
֪ȽʯСʯȥиС֮ſţֻȥ˳Եĺȵġ
СʯСʯڽߴߴţ֮ǰĲ죬ˡ
ʯСʯС֪֪һˣҺݺݵĽѵһپˣұ֤ԺٷʯСʯЦĺܵ⡣
СȡϴεĽѵֻɣôѵģ
ʯСʯҿ˿ûעǣͽ֮¸С˵ˡ
Сˣʾ¾֮飬Ҫһֺ
ʯСʯСڸʲô
˳˹ȥǰС꣬ӴǣЩЦˡ
벻ˣСƤǶ˶ìˣÿλҪͰ͵
ʯСʯֱ֪С˼Σ
ҡСʱ¶ίҲڡ
С갵߬ȭͷʱô˿ţţʯСʯֱֱֻ֪ȥƴ
ȻһԵϧ֮˿ȥˡ
ʯСʯ˸۶С˸طǡ
СʯСǰһһСģȵʯͷˤڵء
ΧĿʱʯСʯ϶¶á˿̣СպõʯСʯĽ¡
ʯСʯһ£ȻСİţɲҵ¡ղŹעߵĲֹһˣʯСʯ׵ģɲЩ¡
ʯСʯҪղźܶ˶ţԼˤãɱԵͷϡ
Сҧ֣
ʯСʯȥֱС˦ˣֱԽСҸ£䵽СĶϡ
Ȼ֪ʯСʯôģڰСЩС
СȥˣҪʯСʯʯСʯ
һ˶ʱĴţ۾һգգĿһռһıˡ
ֺµĴ壬ѾԺ˸ʯСʯĽС꣬󰮲ɣԹޣСమɱĹ¡
С겻֪뵽ʲôɫҰһĿʯСʯ֣ʲô
ʯСʯǸպùһĻĶ
ʯСʯһʱ˹ȥ
ʯСʯ¶ϲɫСܻˡ
СȴôҶˡ
һæס죬ֲܵѾȷˣôʲô
һСɫ֪ˡ
СĸׯʯСʯɫһݣʯСʯ󣬡
СĸָʯСʯһߣ㻵ҵܵܵ
ʯСʯڶֹо飬˵ĶġǺġ
׼˿ʯСʯ޲
Сǳ飬ģɲȰֻı
СɫҰף˸ۣιȥˡ
ׯæܵܣ뿪֮ǰ޺޵Ŀ˶ʯСʯˡ
ôһ֣Ҳֻʱˡ
صʯСʯû侲˰ȫ綼֪ϲѶ
ٺٺ٣С껳ˡ
ʯСʯʮ֮죬ʯСʯǲΪСˣǾֻֻ
ǣĺܲ⣬ȥЦ˵ġ
ֱ˯ʯСʯûͣ
ȥˣСʯ۱ЦˣϽ˯
ʯСʯûƵãСδ黳˰~
ļ򣬰棬ʯСʯûʸЦ˼ҰСġ

36

ѡ峤֮²֮
˵С껳еģǣ˰׼ҺͶң㣬׼ҺͶȻû˾ʸ
С£ʯСʯȫ˵˵Щ˰׼ҺͶңǲٳȥˣʯСʯһֱڼš
ʱȥϣڼҿʯСʯʯֻʯСʯС麰
ۼʯСʯĲڽôҲĲ£ҲɲȥˡŶѵõëӣҪֵ£ãƹĶ뿪
ȻܷŶ뿪żż٣ƹĻԸġ
ٽ⼸죬ɽ·ʵߣʱҲףͻ˼˸ӣдʱҲЩ
ʯСʯǲԸģĸҸڼģ
ƽʱʯСʯٿپˣҲ㣬⵽£ȴ˿ˡ
ֱӱʯСʯ
һʯСʯ˹ԹԵӣͲ˵ʲôˡ
ϵƹĸҵģ˼ҿƹϱ˲١
ʯֻʯСʯһӣҪˣģʯϵҲȥ
껹ʮʱǰġ
ʯϢûƹ˵һ䣬һ·˻ȥ
ȥ֮󣬴һԺţѾȥҪȥʯסˡ
жáʯСʯʹңжã
ʯҲŸտʼ
ʯСʯĽƵƵӣʯСʯûֿܹࡣ
ڣҲȲˣҲȥˣʯֵŶ롣
˵Ķ
ӵݸʯʱ˵ģƽǸСӡ
ʯСʯɫ԰׵Ļ˹ȥŵóĴ󺰣죬죬쿴ˡ
ӣЦˣСǸ꺢̫ˣúϢϢá

ʯֱŸС٣Цĺϲ£죬һۣǳӴ
ʯСʯ۵˯ˣȥ˿С׵ģʯСʯܹࡣ
̫ˣԺ󶼲ҪʯСʯˡ
ڶ䣬ʯСʯŽתѡ
һŵĶæȥСʯ
ʯСʯһͻȻίˣۡ
ǰһź壬ʯСʯȴֲ֪֣׾ʯֿȥˣѺȥչʯСʯȥˡ
˵ӣŶԺѾõһ֮ڱܴһӾĿ޸ͣ
ʯְѺӸסˡ
ԤϵģӸձ־Ϳ
˿ˮʯСʯʱˣɴ۾ȥѺӱ
Ӳı˹ȥŵʯСʯߡ
ʯСʯһݣʱҪ޲ޣǲǳʱˣ˵ô󡣡
˿ԼǱѰӤЩĺӣ£ûУ̫ˣԺͺÿˡ
ʯСʯŷͷ§źӼϢ
ʯֿ˺˵ҲͣЦЦָϴȥˡ
ӵǶģжģСֱӽġ
ӣȻϣûϤᣬЩӦڣõҲ̫ȤʯϵôƵˣʱʱֺǡ
ײһĴⶼ£ײֻжһƹ䲻Ŷ֣֮ҲòŶϿ쿪ʼɻˡ
ƹĽˣÿľͷ
ʯСʯȴ޲ö
죬һҲ֪˼ˣʯСʯƵ۾˸ǷҪһʯСʯһȴֶȻڡ
ʱʯСʯǼæ˴ѣȥɻˡ
ʯСʯѣģ֮н͵ż٣ȥɻ
ʯСʯһ׷ʣôϷż٣
ʯСʯø첲ײײʱʱͲȥˣɹǮϽȥӡ
סʯСʯĴȣӦȥϰҷĹҲô㡣˵ţһ§סʯСʯ˯˯
ʯСʯģ˼Ҷأ
ȥ
˵ţЩNɪ๫ҸɵĿɲһĻ
ʯСʯԴһתͬҪȥǶ˵˵۲ҪżˣȥɵǹǮ
һ鱻ˣʲôЦأɻҰԴʯСʯЩˣĺϴĻȫ˹ÿææˡ
ʯСʯƬƤһ˵Ķ򵥣ɸɻĿѽ
˼ƹʱ̫۶һ١
ϱúݰҪѽ
Ҳȥѵһͷѡ
ʯСʯƿӣ˵ģºͬġ
ɴ۾ʯСʯ˵˵˵ǣҾеĻġ
ʯСʯͬ
ǼʯСʯʮ㣬ۼô㻹ŬȥǮⷿҪǮˮԷҲҪǮ
Ҳ˼ǸڰƹĸĹǮѾܲˡ
ʯСʯҪ˵ʲôæ֪ǰʱǮĵط˭ܵ𣿡
ѵƹģ
һ֣ʯСʯƨɣ԰Ҫƹһӡ󣬱˾̫ƽϣʱʲôûƹҲܶ㡣
ʯСʯһô¡
ôﲻ԰
Ҫ˾̫ƽϣ
ʯСʯԹһ⣬ð˼ƽϣ
ҡʯСʯ϶ҼƽϡʯСʯʱίˣҲΪҰ
ûСΣѵ˯
𾢶һ𣬶һͷۣã˯ˡ
¾͸Ͻ˴һǣˡ
ôʯСʯڴʡ
ˡһ˵ţһ߻򲼣ӷŵʯСʯĴϡ
ʯСʯ¶һƨɵСӤһ߲˲Сצצһʮģ̫ˡ
СӤС˻С֣¶˸޳ݵЦ
ʯСʯһϡ棬ôġ
ڴ´·ȥ˳Ⱥõ̶˹
ʯСʯûιӳԷڴϱĵʯСʯʱԴ󷢣ȥ̣
ʯСʯһСιģҨһףΡΡĵݵߣûСȣʯСʯ͸ˣʯСʯһΣԱ߿ǵĶͷ汿̶ȡ
ɶҲ֪ҲῪΪԼֻͣˡ
ι˼ΣʯСʯ
ʯСʯʱ˳ɾ͸Уι̣ҪĵСϣʯСʯҲã۶չ
̫죬һ䣬ʯСʯͱɫסˣȻŶеˡûü򲼡
ʯСʯĴɤž˸˯ŵĶģŶԼ۵ĿޣʯСʯҲ
37

æ˼죬µβƹı˼٣˹Ǯ
ѵлϢڼ§޶ᡣ
ʯСʯЩһֱɶɣһŷ
°ЩĶӣչô
ʯСʯûĻֻڶͷ˲䡣
û˵ӣ˴
˲ţʯСʯͻȻҡҡ֣ǻȥɣ
ЩԥĻҲˣҲû¡룬˵ͷ
ʯСʯһˣŶ˺üڡ
׵£ƲȥͬʱҲʯСʯ·
ʯСʯ⼸Щԣð˳ǱĻţҪʯСʯڻ㣬ʯСʯһָɶ¶ûУ˻ǰһֺǺǡ
ʯСʯȻǹʵĸɣܳԵĩҲǺõġ
հʯСʯ·ͱʯСʯƿˣôˣϲ
Һö춼ûϴˣ˶ˡ˵ţģҪȥϴ裿
ʯСʯҲˣЩ飬ʯСʯӿ϶ɵģҲûʯСʯˡ
ϴ衭ʯ˵ʯСʯñϴ衣
ǶסûȥͼʯСʯܽܵķȰ˵ˮûǮ̼죬ǻȥϴ
ʯСʯŶԴοѧˡ
ȥ֮ǰʯһ˼ðԭʯСʯҲҪŵģûҪǴʯСʯʲôûҪˡ
ʳʲôĿ϶Ҫġ
ĶͲ֪Ҫɶˣʯ֣ʯɶҲ
һС̯ϰһ񣬿ʮϲǴ˿Ѿֲ飬ȻǲʯһϲӣŲŲǰȥ֣ҲȻشû¸һ
ʯһϲԶʱϲˣͶ˵˼仰˵˵ž˵ʯСʯСʱð֣˵ʯСʯСʱ򣬡ʯСʯСͲÿҴһ٣óԵܺá
Щû뵽̫٣ʯСʯǰһֱСģҲ˺Ӳ˵Ƣ
˼ҶʯСʯϴ˯ֻһˣ˸Сӣ˯СӾ۵Ŀ
Σӱžһͨ壬ȺӲˣҲ˯ˡ
ʯСʯŶԺסﰡǵ̫ССŽûطˡ
ʯСʯףȹǷӡ
˵ҪӣʯСʯҪķأľݻשߵģ
һ߶һϲĸ
ʯСʯܾᣬľݱһ㣬ǡʯСʯ˶һۣʵ˵ӳһȢϱһֱȵʮ˲Ȣ
ʯСʯ´ֻ˵שȻ㣬ȶӳóȥȢϱҲ׵㡣
ΪûסķӣС겻ϲĸҲûԸ޸ʮ˲Ȣ
ʯСʯ⿼ǵҲ̫ԶˣǴҪסһӣԺͲٴ㷭ˣ
ãΪ۶ӵδȢϱשİɡ
ʯСʯҪЩۣԱ߲ÿĶӣҧҧשߵİɣ
ڶһ磬ʯСʯͱǱȼ׼ʱĶӺˡ
ϵʱ򣬶ûʱ䣬ʯСʯѾþöûԹˣҲЩˡ
һߦʯСʯȲˣһջ𣬲һ߻ԶҪ
һΪѣǿһǮء
ʯСʯ죬û˵˵ҪѧӵԼ˵Ļͱ㻰˿ڿˮʯСʯԼһ̾ͺã͵͵ʯðָ
ֻǻô˵ˣʯСʯͼ»
˵ҪʯһС񣬶ڶ˿վ͸Ͻˡ
ʯСʯ۾һǿԶЩǮ
Цô˼Ҫ񣿾Ҫ򣬶Ҳһҡġ
׬ǮʯСʯֻðĵӡ
̫ˣü˶ûͦȥ˼ҵ֪˻ȥס
Щԭֻʡ£ֻ˿ںıףŶŶ˼
⼸ڸЬӣÿ̫õʱŸЬӱɹ̫СЬӡ
磬ʯСʯ뼸ĸһһЬӣСʯ
ʯСʯ˹ȥͿڲԶ
ʯСʯСЬӹȥģô
ſôڱ˿ĵطͷʯСʯļûʲôеˡȥļȥæˣûôϢһֱæڡ
ʯСʯһ֪û˵ʵǻ˸öȤĻ⣬׬˶Ǯ
һǮû
˵ƵҪԭסһҲ˴ùϵûܾ˼ҵǸɵͷһȥæˣ˻˹ֵȵһָ˹ףڼǶæˮûУðɣȻ˶Ҳ̸ˣ̸ֱǮأ˹˼ֱļ˵ɶ˼ҵʱô˵ģ׵ģôǮԵ裬Զٷ
ЦֱҪǮģΧܲȱʥˣֻײľôʣƮƮģɶӵĸɻأˡ
û׷ȥǼ˸ˣҪʱ׷ҪǮ˸˵ˡ
һˣ˵̬ͦãȻǮóԺúȵд⣬ܹ̹㣬һʮǮ¡
췹ûԣԭҺҪĲˮҲûȣŶӻȥˡ
ʯСʯ๫̫ںˡ˵ţһӣгңȹһҼȥҪõʯСʯǲˣǲˡ
Ŀʶ𣿡
ʯСʯԹĿ̫˵ˡ
ԣпվͽ֡æȡ˵꿿ʯСʯˣǻȥɡ
Ĳʹ죬ʯСʯһͨˮЩˡ
ʯСʯֻЬӸЩ˱
ȥʱʯźӺ壬ֻһֻۣطȥˡ
ˣ·úò
ʯСʯ˫һԿţϾҪˣԺҪæǶȥˡ
˸õͷȻĴҪҪ˯
ʯСʯԥ£ƻţ·ɽȥ
ڱʯСʯĶӣ۾˯
ʯСʯǰʱϴڴϣܳԣڼϸ꺢ӣ͵ĺܣİ֣κʯСʯҲǸĸӰŻᣬһͨ

38

˵ҪʯСʯ֣ڶͱлͣʼʯСʯˡ
Ͷס˶ʱ䣬һ֣ʯСʯĿȾҲʶõġ
Ҫ֣֪ýɶ
°ͣȽɶأĥ£ȻͻȻһĴȣˣϾͿˣͽдһô
ãʯСʯҲ֪뵽ʲôʱ
ʵ̫ۣһۣͻȻоʯСʯﲻһˡҲ˵֣ʯСʯһ£ͺܿͶ뵽ȥˡ
⼸ʯСʯѧ쳣Ͷ룬澢ֱǮĶһ⣬ʯСʯ˳Ǯ֮ˡ
ܺã˼ˣʸˣ˿ҲЩˡ
һ򵥵ĵĴ
ʯСʯδйڷܣһ죬ۼ춼ˣ֪д˶ٱˣʯСʯҪдǵˣҪϵд˵Ҫôñʣô±ʡ
ػأôЩ֣⼸ն֪д˶ٱ飬дĶҪˡ
֮£ֻΥĿдĺˣʯСʯɬ˾䣬𣿻ǼҪдҺʱǿɰĶӺŵԽѡӻ򲼣װ˯ȥˡ
죬Ϊ˶ʯСʯȥʹ峤̸ص¡
ϵΪСǣԴ峤ʱɴһλ¸صĳݴǴ峤Լʮӡ
ΪҪǷӺҪӣԶֻóʮء
峤ʮӸĶˮĶɳء
أʹ峤һӾȥҶ̸̸ۣͬש빤¡
룬ߵۼſھһẺ˵ʲô
ǰȥҪк۴ɤŵǴӰģɱǰͯı˶ˡ
ʱͺˣ۴ʲô
߽һƣ͸ˣŵǸʯСʯĵɶ
ۼҪʯСʯ棬æϡ
һۺ˵˹
һȻʯСʯֶ
ʱ벻ͨˣ˾ûбĵطȥʯСʯ֡
Դˣ۸¡
أǰиͯдģǰͯûˣû취ֻȥ򣬿֪ĴĹӴ
ˣ˼ҶҪд׬Ǯμκأ̫ߣ˼ҲмְǶôõĶôǳͭͭǮ
벻ͨˣʯСʯѧ죬дֳһ֮⣬Ҳ͸ܴոȥֵģ
ң¸дһҪʯСʯдǸ֣۲Ըˣ֣תȥڻʲôЦ˭ϡˣǸɮױʣ
ǳ飬ʯСʯѧ˼д֣ɮ
ľȥܵĺӿ϶һ۾ϳжãɶޣƽռľǴͰֿҩһȴдҩ϶ˡ밡ֿ϶᲻ãɱȴдĺ϶ˣһǸɮˮƽ
ͷˣʲôʱûУǵʯСʯд˲أøϽȥɱȫȥˡ
ؼһȻԼſַǷʯСʯæǮæĲֺŶĴдģҲʯСʯԼдġ
ĴһЩһʯСʯӴǣʲôʲôˣͺ˹
æʯСʯǮȻԻΧŵļ˵ˣ첻ˡ
ʯСʯˣһ˦˵ʲôأһԼ׬ǮúõôܲأȻЩء
еΪѣȻҪֹʯСʯҲھ²̨ǽʯСʯһԣϽЩûؼңˡ
ʯСʯ̧ͷΪʲôǮ׬ﲻ׬
ǲߴңдĴϸɮдġ
ûСʯСʯҲ޹ǶԼ˵дĲǲʲôҵ֣ҵʱʲôû˵ˡǸôɸɮˣʯСʯʾҲ
ǳ飬ҲͶ˽ʮҩӲŻὫʯСʯϳҵ֡
˼ˣʯСʯ֣΢еĶܿʱĻ޹˼ȥˣˣ鷳ˡ
ʵʯСʯɥĵͷֻһʶô٣
Ҳˣֱ˵дĲãҵʱ㶼ƭģһ⻰ʱҲֻжһˣʯСʯȥ
ʯСʯ̧ͷʱŭˣ⣬վסǮҵĴ˳ʯСʯĿ⣬ƵһСﱧŸɶڲԶ෴ĵطѾܡ
˵ţʯСʯҪ׷ȥ
ûֹʯСʯʯСʯע⣬æʯСʯǼųһţû
һͼһĿôѸɮˣ
λһʱ˶۵ĶԻʵģ뵽ҪǮԥˣôģ岻ԥһʱҪ¶ˣָˡ
һ飬˺Ͷһ²ţǶ⻰ʵ˵еһԣţҪǸɮ֪ǰȥòˣҲû취ѽεӡ
ǴȻһ˵ӣôǽ˶ɡ
ûһʯСʯͻˣΪ꺢ûãʯСʯֻ׷˼׷Ͼͻˡ
һҵأ
Լ˽ǮóЩʯСʯˡ
ʯСʯЩϲҵôܻӭʱдĺãе㲻ŵģû뵽
Υĵĵ˵ͷ
ֻʣ¶дˡ
ʣµʯСʯҪûֹԿ䣬Ϳʼ֣˶ʮʮˣҲֵʯСʯͭ塣
ˣ̫ûɽ
ʯСʯͭ壬ͻȻһԴѽ
ôˣ˹
ʯСʯĿ˸ǼҺͰˡ
˵дͼʯСʯܿ뿪ˣҴһӣûϵд˵ţԸī
ֶ˶ʯСʯҪǰ

ò˵ʯСʯдôҲûЧģܿд֡
ǸʯСʯǴġ
̫ã컹ڣʯСʯ˶ȥӣھϰɣ
ôԼʱΪɶҪʯСʯأֱ
ʯִʯϵȥڴ嶹ĥȥˣǲ֪ʱʯСʯĵĸԼĴ
˵ʯֻǸ֪ңңʯҶ˸ɮĶûǶԶĳɼ
Ǽ죬˾˵
ΣǺİ
ڶ죬ʯСʯԭ׬Ǯģſ຿ͣĶӸֹˡʯСʯڼͬӴţͼʯСʯӴӴӣѧŵһİ֡
ôģܿӭ꣬Ҳܿӭ˶ĵ¡

39

˵ҪǷӣڶĵ֮˾Ϳʼ׼ˡ
ڲ𷿵ǰһ죬ʯСʯͬǵĶӶȥʯңסʯСʯǼС
һסʯǸˣ᲻ˡ
ڶһ磬ر磬ͬԼˣձ㿪ʼ׼ӡ
ĶģʯʯСʯķš
§˺ܾã˶û
ʯֱӳ˽ȥʯСʯֻ㻹ûأϿ
ʯСʯ۾
ʯֱŶһԣ˼С޳ȥǸԽԽڿ죬أ˯ˡ
ʯСʯӴ򣬡˰̫ûءյ̫ǳĺ
ʯڳһִֻԴ㻹˼˵Ķ硣
ԣҪҡ£ﻹ
ʯСʯӣӹҪͱʯֹˣʯûϴġ
ʯСʯ˸ʯֲ˵Ҳˡڴĵһһ죬Ҫܰ﹤ġӣݸɲ롣
ʲôģ׼ˡΪ⵽ˣҲûʲô˿ԳˣҲײˣܲõĻټӵ⡣
ʯСʯͰˣеͷͷˣͽ˰æˣȥҡ
ڼţ뻶æţʯֺʯСʯˡ
ԭʯǲʯСʯģʯСʯ뿴ģҪ
ʯִ̧ŷͰкҳԷ
ЩӴæҲǶˣԵ̻ʡ
Ӳ̶ֳʯСʯҲˣҲûɶ˼ĴѰ
أȵͰķˣ˹
ʯСʯסˣץסһͳǰȥ򷹡
ʯһʯСʯʱˣǳʱѾԹˣ𣿻Щ
ʯСʯһ
ʯСʯͣһߴ׵Ҩһ߳ʯִش𣬡๫ûԷأҸ㡣
ʯСʯļ룬Ըٶȼˡ
שѾˣȥʱש˻¡æ֮Ҹպó극ˡ
ʯСʯˣЩȣ漴߹ȥסеôˣúڼϢ
ʯСʯһۣջԷԷĵ㵽ˣʲô㶼ûˡô˵һûƢֻæ˴ҲЩˣ˵ɲߡ
ʯСʯѴõķݸҲϿԡⶼ٣ȥѾ㶼ˡ
ЦǺǵĽӹ룬һӣͻȻҪԣͻȻסˣ漴ѿӵݵʯСʯߡ
ʯСʯ£԰ɣ֮ǰѾԹˡ
һʯСʯԹˣҲټ֣ڳ
Եһ룬ʯСʯ￴һתСʯ
ɡɶ
Ŵ죬û˵꣬ͱʲô
ʯСʯһԲ۾Ҫ˵ʲôͼЦŶ˵⡣
ʯСʯһۣˡ
꣬ʯСʯӹ룬뿪ˡ
ʱͬæĶ顣˵ţͻȻ˸ãò˵ʯСʯʢһ̫ʵˣģͷԲˡ
۶ӶʱˣԹˣʣû
۾޹ʲô֪ϱġ
ϣ˯磬ʼæǷӵº󣬼ȫʯСʯ˹ϴŶĵ򲼡
ʯСʯʮ꣬ûϴΣʱ˱ӣ߶ţģˡ
ֻǱԹţŻ谵͵ϴţֶûͣ
ʯСʯһжʰã׼˯ʱŻ
ʯСʯԲ˯ˣ
ڴߣ·ͻȻʯСʯ˹ʲô
ͷһֻ򴦵·ĥ˲Сһ顣
ŶǽæҲ֪ô£ͳ
ʯСʯ˹Ҹ㲹ɣٴ
˵Ҫʲôأ
֮ǰΪҪңʯﲻôණкܶ಻õģûʯСʯţڼҲֻʣ¶ǴѴѵˡ
ͻȻʯСʯȻƼһɫĲ۾һˡ
ڶ죬ʯСʯ˯ţѾˣùʯСʯҹõ£ֻҸˣжӣСɣⱲҲûʲôźˡ
·ս˿·ϵĲüɫ·һɫĲˣΪʲôϻйζأ
Ȼѿ˵㣬ûٶᣬ˸Ӿͳȥˡ
һ죬ѾˣͿ׼Ƿˡ
һæԲᣬ粻ٹܷˣʯСʯֻһͷôһ䣬ʯСʯҲ׼ˡ
ʯСʯ򴽣Ⱥȥ϶ſĵĺɫ򲼣ܺϡ
ԼԷͳ˵ôҶȥԷ극
Ҳչˣûŷֻ˸ͷ΢˵ӣԽһʯСʯͷر
ΧŴڵĳ˷

ôģһȥˣҲû̫ãҵķӽ
ͬʱﻹһ£˵ģʯСʯġ
˵˫׾ðСδ黳УͲԸȢסСδ黳УðСݼ޸СԸ
׼ӰС궪ˣСԸΪ檣գСһ˻뿪˰׼ңδ峤˺ãİСһ˻źˣðСһòס˵ס

40

һ˻ûȥʱ򣬶ͿʼȥϹˡ
ʯСʯŸǮӣǵǮػ˶ʮǷӻ˶ʮвΣӰ˵Ļ˲٣ʣ¶ʮˡʯСʯԴҪҲȥСɣ
·֮ʿһۣ붼û룬Сûÿıȼ磬Ҫ׼˵ӵҲͱȶ˵㣬ҲܶˣҲңʯСʯһܵƵã򲻷ĵġڼҺúôӾͺá
ʯСʯСֹаֿšɶǲС

˵ǲãʯСʯô׾ͷˡ
ǼұȲô˼ңʳҪԼ򣬶ÿĶǺʳĿûǮˣϵĻǮҲҪģһżεĴǼҵȲ
һ棬ʯСʯԼѾˣҲǸˣϿŰ֣Űֵģʱûе֣ҲܹŶĹǮҲðæɵһҲźá
ʯСʯ˼ãԼ
˵ʯСʯˣůЩˣζȴˣûţû취ؼǲˣЩůЩҪæֵأ϶Ҫٵģԣھͱøȥ
˼ֻһס¡
֮ǰĶʮӶʮסϻǮȴɶҪǮʣµӣָʯʯԭǲҪģӲʯСʯʯֵģסʯֵģΪɷ͸ף˼ʯְˡ
ôһûǮˡ
ʯֺʯϵׯˣʱڳÿȥΰβݣҲûˡʯСʯͰѶ˦ʯ֣˴ľ˸Сӣͬ뻶ϻȥģӲأÿ컨Ǯһ˼Ҽÿõģڶһ˱㣬컹ͱȥϣߵˣҲ
ϣһ˼ҵĺӲģõģʯСʯȻ٣˰ÿЩСڽʯСʯߺģܻŴ˸һ㣬Ҿ˼ҲûǮ
ȥɱÿҲмʮĵ롣
ʯСʯĵĵˣʯСʯĶӣĴ۾תţ˵ĿɰЩҲʼˣһִչףֱֵ۰ĽţҲ֪˵ɶ
ʯСʯʱͱĺܺãĺҲȱ׳ʵټÿιţٲȻȫֵӤˡ
ʯСʯıӣȴǴЦģˡ
ʯҪӣ˵ʲôأ˭ұӳи
ʯСʯӾͲҪӣҲû˭ұܳԡ˵ҪȥѾŽʯֻĶģСͰ
ʯĿҪҵ֣߿߿ǿ˻Һ塣庢ʯֵǲ£ؼҺɤŶֲú壬һʯСʯǷ֪ô˶ģԼˣѺӸ˰춼ûã컹ûĵĴɤųھӺüң˼Ҷˡ
ʯԭ˵˵ʯСʯʱ뻶ˡ
~屧뻶ҪСʯҵС̫ˣ̫ˡ
ʯСʯһסϣʲôϿߡ˵Ű͸뻶׼¨ݸʯСʯģ涼Ų
뻶ûӣ¨֣һûԷҳԸ
ʯСʯĿ֣ʲôԣҪǮġ
ʯСʯһôС
ʯСʯһۣȻһԵʧƷݸҿҪӵġ
뻶ӹ죬һҪԼܼױء
ʯСʯԼı¨к뻶߿ߡ
ﻹһȥģģ˵ġ
һÿĬڴһ·Ҳཻ
ϣÿӣصΪ˲úĴɵ˼٣Ҳ̫š
ۺͶһӣÿղͬһøϻıȽÿ춼ҪȥǿĳһٷƵϡ
ʱǶæԷˡ
عͷۣԵʲôʱ͵Сӻûš
ӡ
л˹±ı߳ԡ
ˣҽȥͣϴˡˣۼǿ¿˼ҵ̯ӣ̯ССģǼʯСʯһҲϴˡ
ʯСʯҲһҲǺ磬ȵϣǲͿʼˣ쾹ȻۣҺǼСţȻ׼¶ڡ
һȥʯСʯ˵Ҫ¶ټǰʱʯСʯᣬҪСֻԼϴˣȴãС˳ɾʯСʯˡ
ѹֲ²⣬ɲЦЦŤͷʶۣŶǼ̯
ҡҡͷȥʱ̯ûں̯ӣԲûгԹ
ǽȥԡ

41

ȥ֮ǰˣһҪú֪ԼĴģȻѵĹԹԵģԺڼҹԹԴš
С쵰Լһһ˵ײײľ͸ϰ̯뵽ζ⼸첡ţû취ʹ͸ˣЩۣ۳緹ʱѾʼ̯ˣǸʱϵϣ
һ磬ڵȵ˳Էʱ䡣
۳ԼһˣǳͬһԷĺӣҡ
ۣÿֻűʲͣĻģС˵ΨһʦСǱû˸ǰͬ˵Ц
Ǹģ˭˵ϼ仰˼죬СǴһƬ
Ͷ۲һÿոԶæƽʱҲ档ÿҲһһһԳԷҲÿζͬһԷżƹûҲԶٷ
Ȼദʱ䲻󳤣ɶͨʶ˺ЩСʱˣҲһԳԷҲʶˡ
ͱգ˵ۺͶҪȥ¿Ǽҵ̯ӣǸҵıҲҷϲԵˣҪǺóԣҲ㡣
̫ȥɻûܾһҵļ򣬡˶൹Ҳ֣ߡ
ֻñˣˣҲڴϾʯСʯѿž͸Űɡ
ÿֵģֳԵĶУһˣÿĺӣֻҪǮܳԵ⡣
Ŷۣ˺ܿ͵ˣַǷĳһָǱһƣȻ˼ֵ̯ӣ̯ܺãΧΧ˲ٴźӵĸӡ
˱ţ֪̯Σĺòóԡ
עȴĿ̯æĸСƵСӰǲʯСʯĸ
ȻҲˣһĿ˶һۣȻſھҪʯСʯһס졣
ᣬٺһЦԭ֪ʯСʯģϻʵʵĲң
Ҳ˼Ǽ̯ǰķôϲ˽ʦҾŶ۽аˡ
Ϊǵҵļ򣬡С㣬϶ҪСʯһϲء˵ʶǰɣ
һЦˡ
ϲʯСʯеϲô
ƼЦͶҵ˵Ķ԰ɣ
ûӳʯСʯȥæϡ
ʯСʯһæʱĸӶֳԷвٻźӣǮ棬ǮʯСʯģʯСʯĿԴˡ
ϸʱûſʼ˿ˣʯСʯҲ˼ټʯСʯղǮرˣЩ˿˶סˡ
ʯСʯæĽͷöֻҪɰһööͭǮæʯСʯҲܵá
˺ܶ࣬뻶ҪԾһˣ뻶Ǯõġ
һСŵ˱ʯСʯͷҲû̧һ׼ȥõģһҪѽ
ʯϰⲻ
ʯСʯЦǺģ́ͷ˿ͬ˵ҪǻͷɻԵò̫ˡ
һ˵ţǱ˸ߴӳʯСʯ˹ʯСʯ΢ɲĶ˶㣬Ź̧ͷͼߴӰ£˹
ʯСʯһһӾͽסˡ
˶ˣ˸Զĵطôˡ
һԣ˶ʯСʯĻ죬ָЦֻòô˼һģʯϰ壿
ŶӵһˣͿÿ滹бء
ɫȻû䣬ʯСʯЦЦȻ̧ȸĸڿطЦǺǵʣҪ
Щ㶣Щ㲻ô£ʶ
ЦŸȥ뻶ｻǮ
ȻعСֹвϰ廹ʲôӣ
Դ˵ûһЦǺǵĽӴһλˣǲʯСʯҲͬ˵һ仰
뻶ͬк֪ʯСʯ룬Цĺܿģֻæġ
ʯСʯһһվţæţټЩ飬ҲҺͶ˵μˡ
ֻ˼ʣµ˵ûˣȻʰ̯ˡ
ǺʯСʯģжˣʯСʯƢӲֻǸСӣȴҲǺ׳Կġ
ʣµļĵҺͶǳȻɶĶһһߵҶߣ첻׼ˡ
ûпκˣʯСʯȴҲ֪Ƕ˵ģȻЩģ治ҪˣҲǲԸģɵĺúõΪʲôˣǰҸʲô£ҶôˣҲûʲô£˵꣬ŶԽÿɫʯСʯĲһ£õĻһء
ʯСʯ˵꣬ˣڵû£ϡ
ʯϰ壬ⲻû˵꣬һǿв롣
ֻһֵĺӴ˹
һĵͷߣʶʯСʯģʯСʯڶע⵽ˡ
һҪȵ׬ǮϵС̯ЩӶݻġʯСʯⲻ˶ΰʾκʯСʯ̫ʶ࣬һֱװ֪Խ
ֻʯСʯʶ̧٣Ҳֱӿżɽ
ʯСʯһ⣬붼û룬ҽ̯λˡ
ۼ˻Ҫ˵ʲôһѽʯСʯ󣬡Ҳϰ壬ֱҾУҪ̯λ𣿡
ʦ
˵СС˵ҲЩҪշѣʶҪģ˲ǵˡ
ϲеû˵ȴҲϵá
ЦЦû˵
ԭǶʦӣǵģҪ֪Ƕʦ̯ӣ˵ʲôҲúúչš˵ţģĳ֣ҽʷƬ
ҲЦź˿˼䡣
һ׼ʱߣӸɼܵĶҲˣʾء
ڶʷûʲô˼ɣ˼ɵǶĹײ̣ǹײв
ʷƬĿΪ֮⣬ؼйϵ
ʷʹӲȥײշѣʶ˿ɸˣǧҹײ̣˵бڶҲ£ֻܽҲԸ⽻õġ
ʷ˵˻׻ߺ󣬶ʯСʯײȥ
ۺұͬ뻶š
ʯСʯںСܣˣҪٿڲˣǾòһģҪɣ᲻
ڹײиϢСģǰϻģڶסţɻˣȥϢϢ
ƹĴ˸кʯСʯС䡣

42

˸䣬ʯСʯһˣֳȥˡ
ʯСʯССĸ뿪ʱҲû˵뿪뿪Ҳҡ
ƹƼʯСʯһţСƸ˱ˮ
űڵĲˮʯСʯֶֻţҲůЩ
ʯСʯûȶãͻˡﻹŸľУ߹ӸʯСʯ
ʯСʯԹԵĸסĳء
Լ˱ˮţʯСʯʹľУ룬һһСˡǲԣ͸뱸ţʱæûճԷƹľͻСƸ棬СˣҲǶԵġ
ʯСʯͷһůŷĽ๫
أŲ
ʯСʯЩʧĴԴԷһڿһ۶
๫~һ룬ʯСʯֺˡ
ǲ
ʯСʯƶᣬ๫
ſһۣ
ʯСʯ˲죬룬ϲ
ԭʯСʯסˣʯСʯҪϲܲȥ
Ļ
ʯСʯԹںţ߹棬æһȺСȥ˲
ˡָŲ
๫ʯСʯûнȥͷ
Ҿţߡ֪˵ʲôϵ
ʯСʯ˵ҲߵģﵽǺӣһҲûУһֳʲôǾͲˡ
ʯСʯĵӽȥû೤ʱ䣬ʯСʯͲĵʣ㻹𣿡
ǽϣʯСʯһҪǲشʯСʯ˳ɲϾͳˣԸĴһ~
ʯСʯɹ˲ãûжûס˾䣬~
ʱˣĬƬ̣ǿˣڡ
ʯСʯ·ˣٽٳ
֮ʯСʯЦıסĸ첲ߣöŲˡ
ˣԶ㡣
ʯСʯЦĲ֡
ںԺɻСǾͿһƽʱ˵ĶʦСЦŸ첲һ뷢ƢȴӲӣƫƫС˿ųϣЦ
ʯСʯһֱۣˡ
ʯСʯС䣬ȥ˸ڿʼɻ
ҸʲôʯСʯö˸ҲЩټԲãղŵһͱˡæţ߳ȥ˸ڣʶ
ܲ⣬ԭѵʯСʯһٵģǰС䲻ˣʰʯСʯһ˿ڹĵ˼ûСţʯСʯһۣʯСʯãȻĵɻ
ʱ̲ȥˣС˵˴֪ʡ
Ƕָ¡
ʯСʯһԵСӣ£ַϥϣӱ濴ԵĲˡ
ӸµĿ֪֪
ʯСʯտʼЩãȻһŷӦǺأ
ǣΪͶһ˸һ˸¶͸ùȥˡ
ʯСʯӣǲ֪ڸġ
ǶһѰݺݵĸ·ƨɣ֪֪ˣ
ʯСʯղŵ£ղŵֻˣҴˣ»Ҫһ
ʯСʯЦˣ˵
ֱʯСʯ˵ˣſڣϴˣҲͬ⡣ҪûڣȺˣ֪ʲô£
ƨɣʯСʯ廹Ͷ˼̧֣ͷգ۾ŶҲϴڼۼҶûǮˡ
üҲÿǵ¡ʯСʯССƵá
ʯСʯҪ˵ʲôᣬת𻭱ʣôˡ
ʯСʯҲˡ
ʱ򣬶˸ʯСʯ뻶ش
û죬ζĲͺЩˣֿʼţӼ
ķҲؼסˡ
мûˣصҺʯִкæȥˡ
첻ԽԲˡ
˾һȣɶĲ飬뿪Ҽ죬ĶҪҡצӸ첲ñ󻹸һ
ƽʱʯСʯˣղһʯСʯֻ͵͵һۣٺٵЦţֻҲǰæ
ʯСʯԻЩСġ
ʯСʯô룬ȻǸĻ˿򲼣ԼѣȻѶıϴ
ĳЩ˲١ڶֻ˼ʱѾȫˣԸİֲ˵ֻһ߰ĽУһߵ˦צӡ
סצӣЩʹĵģżѽͰԸˣ˭ҵıܸɣԺҪȥġ
⵹ˣһۺ֣ҲǸʡĵġ
ʯСʯҲǴҪʯСʯúüסνѵġʯСʯ˵ɼˣƵãʵô󣬺ܶ¶͸óȻжƢҲֱʵ֪ƨ
ðɣ˵Ͳ˵ȥԶ
¶ģʹļ綵óֽŷֵСԣ±⣬ܺóԣ̫ˣû򣬴ҲСС
ʯһ룬һ˷Լִһһ룬õʯСʯķ䣬ǵʯ˵ˣʯСʯǸè
һ˳ԵĻɲһΧ۵ĸˣİצҲҪֻñԣͳʯСʯˡ
ζʯСʯװӣʵһֱ͵飬ֱֻʣһƬҲʯСʯʱĶˣһסͷ̫ˣ̫ˣȻû
ڱŽţ濴ֱֵ֣һⶼˡ󣬶˾䣬ѽˡˣιɡ
ֱһƬ֣˸á
ϴʱԼѾûˣһקӾ͹ˡû͵͵ʯСʯʯСʯɫԶгصĶࡣ
ȻҪˣʯСʯãѾǼˣöһ㶼ûˣһֻ

43

ȻҪˣʯСʯãⲻǼ£öһ㶼ûˣһֻ
ʯСʯһϣԺ˯ȥȵڶʱѾ뿪ˡ
ʯŶûʯСʯˣ϶˯̫磬ҲûʯСʯ𴲡
ʯСʯ۾ʱѾ쵽ˡ
һʯֱŶľͳ֣ϿȥԷ
ʯСʯܳƽʱĶˡ
ҿǣʯСʯ˳ŵķȻȥСʯС̲ˡ
򿪳ȻС±⡣
ʯСʯ˳֣Ҳҵ𣿡
ʯֿһۣȻģǰ
ʯСʯʱЦֿ죬ûġ
ʯСʯǼǲסˣڶķϣԭ¶ɡ
ǣ磬ʯСʯֿʼǰһŶĵȶˡ룬ȵ춼Щˣ˼Ҷ۶ˣû
콥ĻСܲöʯСʯû취ֻý˱ȥ
Ҳ֪ʲôԣһͱˣʯСʯֻܱŶģι̣˯źţʯСʯԼҲˣ˯ˡ
ʱ򣬴ѾѾ˵˯ˡ
֮ԻôΪƹĸ˱Ļ⻹ϻĸǰϻģϻˣǰµĻҲˣ˶ټ϶Ҳ˼Ļ˵Ҳɻ
˴ЩʹļһˣĻҪĻ
ʯţŵƿֽŴ¹ʯСʯӣʯ˵ˣʯСʯ΢Եľܺãǲţϻôˡ
ƿţȻʯСʯѾ˯ˡ
һϴߣƿҪ£ͼʯСʯĽźڴϣЦжۣЬӶѡ
ԭЩҪһʯСʯҲˣСĽźãԼɽȥ
ڶ죬ˣʯСʯȻû
ʯСʯЩգаһô˯
ʯСʯĺܺãһҪأǸĥ˵Сġ
ʯֺŵģһϾӲҪʯСʯʯСʯǸι̣ϴ򲼣Ժ˯ģһ˯£ʯСʯ۵Ĳˡ
۾ʯСʯڴϣɻ谵ĵƹ⣬ůĴµϣĵ̫ʺ˯ˡ
ûʯСʯ˯ˣʲôʱ͵Ϩ֪
εĶϻԼʯСʯ˯¡
ôʯСʯü첻ˣǹⲻ
ʯСʯ¶ˣǲ˯ҲҪû뵽ǣۻֱӾʹ˶Ļ˵첻ˡ
ʯСʯѹǲˡ
ǰ£һŴʱʱҪòòǶʱ˺ӣ£Ҳ࣬ſϷŹڣˣⶼˣ˵£ûһ¡
ʯСʯĲš
֪˯ʱ§ڻʲôģģˡ
ʱʯСʯδٸΣˡ
ԽԽпܣԽԽöŹ֣ʯСʯз꼫ˣҪҸߣ飬ֲ˼
ԭǿԺͶߵģɶҲ͹ȥˡʯСʯ룬ǸС˵̲˯Ǿճġ
Դ˶ģֺ͵ҲûǰôˣǰԵעŵ˶ϡ
ʯСʯԼܿ()ӲТ()˫ײ()ʧܵ
ʯСʯ˿ȫȻӻ꣬ÿ·๫ѵģÿ춼˼óԵġ
ԽԽ꣬ʯСʯԳɢ
ʱֵ紺ݰģð˵Ĵ̣еʯСʯԼһӺ࣬Ҳû˸ղŵķꡣ
ǣͻȻЦЦֵĸӴǰ߹ʯСʯֲˡ
˶㣬ֻһˣģ๫ӲТ˫ײ
أţͻȻһεε𣬡СʯСʯ𣿡
ʯСʯ̧ͷһƣǸͿ֬Ĩۣӣһ۷۵ĸԼʮʮˡ
ʯСʯһ㶣ʶ˰ǵͷˣţ
ʯСʯӣ콿Ц
ʯСʯ̧ͷ˿Լӡ
˭ʲô𣿡ʯСʯʶֱˡ
棬ҲңǴõոꡣ
ոꣿʯСʯ۾Ȼˡ
Ǹˡ
˵һܲңȴú
ո꣬ʱҲǸͨ˼ҵСǣֹۣͬమ๫νɷˡ˭뵽һ๫ģĸ˵ڼȭֱһ죬๫ȶˣһСһͷˮոŴӿ˳
Ȼ⻹û꣬๫ոǱҵѹѣһεεСֻ뿪๫ңԼּصҸ˳ˣҲ
ûãոһαϳ˼š
Ҷʱ˼ǰķø£ס˽ȥ
ոȥһƱҲס˽ȥõҲ֡
һȺס£ֻԼӡ

ǹٷġ
ò˵ܳһãոб£仰ͺʯСʯȵ
Сʯģʲô𣿡ոᡣ
ʯСʯٵҡҡͷֲ죬Ҳżһ棬µȻܸ˵ˡ
ոЦſΪ°ɣȻǱȴǷǳ϶ġ
ʯСʯһֱֱۣˡⶼܲµ
ʯСʯû˵ո̸Լ񿴵ǰҡ
⻰ƺʯСʯô;ôζأ
Һһ
ǲһġ
Ȼոͻǰˣǰңܰҡ
ʱոĻˣոֻı飬۽ǣΪոۡ
ʯСʯȴвúõĸҽЩ
ʯСʯո˵һΣ๫మ
ҳĺУԵı仯ûע⵽
ո꽲ţʯСʯǾôţûһ˿뷨
ֱһʱ䣬ˣʼҷƢʼҰʼ˵ţʯСʯľģͣסˡ
ûʯСʯ๫ˣ๫⼸Ҳӣ֡
ôҲ𣿡
ʯСʯֿʼ꣬Ҳû룬ʶľ͵ͷ
ոʱһϲֱ֪һһץסʯСʯӣֻȻı顣
ԭǶһǿ
ʯСʯЩÿڼ˴ģʹҪקԼӣ˵Һ㲻һ
ոһסʯСʯ˫֣ЩӶһԣƯʱءǶǿˡ
ʯСʯԭ˵๫ͺˣôϱ˼๫һƯ޵ĳˣʯСʯʱͲˣҲˣֻæͷţ
Ȼո꿪ʼϸ๫ĲǣɵĶôףҪΪӣΪϴ̷ĸӡոԽ˵ԽߣʱʱҪʯСʯӦ֪ʯСʯһͷǻҪǡ
ʯСʯʹͷ̫ϲ⻰ˡ
ոһʯСʯȥˣҲü(ʵ˷)ᣬοʯСʯ䡣
ʯСʯյȫˡˣõոһ
Ŀո뿪ʯСʯЩΣո˵Щʱ;ԼҸôģ˰Σܲ٣Ӧո´һ졣

44

ʯСʯȥ˼ΣǴ£ٶԱԼǺõĿɲһ㣬ȻûôΣʯСʯеʧˡ
ͬʱո꣬ʯСʯ־Լܲ
ȥǸ˵Ҳû£ǸҲǸģƽʱû˵ÿȥҴ壬˵Ļͷβôͣ
Ǳﵽһֵز˰
ոʯСʯ˵(ʵ)аϲֻҪټӰѾʯСʯˣԿʼˡ
һϣˣ˸ͷ߳ţҪȥͻȻʯֽסˡ
֣ôʡ
ʯһԥ󣬿ڵϣʱȰȰСʯ
û˵꣬㿪ˣСʯôˣʲôˣÿȥڴϹԹԵ˯ţʯô˵Ƿ֪
ģСʯû£ϰܣҲ֪ﶼЩ๫ĸҲʲôֻǰиѣԭǸֹ۵ˣ๫˵£ǳЩһȰǲˣҲˣÿû¾Ͷ๫ɶҪɣû๫ȥ˷ֿԺҲáԣǵʯСʯʯ˵£﷢࣬Ҳ֪ôȰһûöԷʵ䷴ͲˣԲͶ
üͷЩ˾ȺԹʯЩ˸ʯСʯһЩ뷨Ƕͷãҽ㣬úý
ʯСʯҪĵ£Ҳһֱ㣬⵱£ᶨҪʯСʯƤӵ¿ŵľǷַ붼Ҫ°
̲ס̫ѨѵʯСʯڵˣ
죬ʯСʯȥãոţһߣÿÿոḽͼ䣬ţԶԶԡû¡
ո˼ʯСʯô֪
ո꽲ҲЩˣʲôʯСʯţԶԶԣȥˣҲܳϿңʯСʯӲԼĿոһ˳ϷҲʯСʯԹĲңЩˣʱͻȻ˽УСʯ~
ʯСʯϾѹһЦܣ๫~
ոһţҪסʯСʯȴ˸ա
ôո겻ţղ˵ӶǺöʱʯСʯͷ˵ԶԶԵġôǺһоˣ
±ƵĲո꣬ҲǣЦһʯСʯ벻ͨˣʯСʯʯСʯһȺԹ˼һҲѽ
סһʯСʯе»ҪģСʯʲô
ʯСʯ̧ͷգգ۾մ˵˵
ЩҵͷŶ˵ʲô
˵ʯСʯɫЩմ屯ҵһ˵ţʯСʯһۣմǸˣԼѪܵĹȥҸҿҷ֣ԭҵôҸҪϧϧͥҸ֮ס
˱ĺףڲˡ
ʯСʯͷ
մʱҲˣ仰ĬĬĹŻȥˣʯСʯˡ
ԭʯСʯΪƯ˵๫ͣԲʯСʯͷû뵽ʯСʯ˻
˭㷢Щˣֻ㷢ĲңȻ˦๫ǳȥ⡯
ոʹţʯСʯˡ˷ôʱ䣬ոͺ޲ӻʯСʯƯ
Ŀһãܾûô򵥡
ǣʯСʯȷʵΪ뿪ˡ
ʯСʯûʲôԣֻȽõ·²̸
ʯСʯ죬ʯСʯҲͨˣʱҲ˳˳ëˡ
ʯСʯ֣ȻʯСʯ˿ѾСǶˣ˵ҪС¡
һʯСʯߴôô
һֻ߬ȭִȻɿһͬˣ
ʯСʯ۾һգգĿ
ҽ㡣
ʯСʯͷ˵ԼļƻϸСС棬֣Һܽ
ʯСʯЩģ﷿ܹģҪ׬ô죿
һۣǸ治ΪؽãÿֻһӣŬŬҪˣǾֻܻؼҹԹֵˡ
ʯСʯ磬ջǵ˵ͷѵɿˡ
ʱ仹磬˱֣ɢ
ʯСʯЩ߲ˣŶĸ첲˶ȥ
Ի֣ΪʯСʯߣҳʱҲ˱ˣȻҪһҪá
ʯСʯͷҪ÷š
ʯСʯͷ
ɶҲҪá
ʯСʯЩԥĵͷ
һ˼۷䡣
ʯСʯֱӣУۿɹˣ̫˷ˡ
ôأĲóԾȥʯСʯһۣһ㣬һ㡣
ǣۺù󰡣
ߣԼ۷䣬ֲҪ򡣡
˵ţߵԼǰʯСʯͻȻˣŶȥ¼һжòסˡ
ҲסڣֲͬġεĿô
ʯСʯͷͻȻüСҵķ̫Сˣʲô㣬׾֡
Ȼָ֪ʲôʱһ˿ĭԣ˵Ķԣ˵ţʯСʯĿȵıƽʯСʯ
ʲô˵Ķûضŵ¡ʯСʯĲ˼ˣƫͷȥ
͵һЦȻ󿿽ҲĻԵҪԣܲ˯ˣ
ô԰ʯСʯ
شǶӵ
ʯСʯʣͱס˿ڡ漴𣬷ڴϡ
𣡡ʯСʯҲ᲻ãû취ֻôűûӣġ
һ٣ȻԼ·̵ʯСʯ£·ϣͲˡ˵ʯСʯס°ͣңһȵġ
šʯСʯȻ˵Ȼһץסĺ󱳣Լһһ

45

Ȼ˵Ҫ⣬ʯСʯҲǸˡ
֮ʯСʯḧ΢΢ЩðţͬҪȥˣҾͲմˣ˵ҪҪȥ˵һ
£Զ£Ҳãȥɣûȥҡ˵Ժټˡ
ʯСʯͷ˵֮ʣѾ·
ʯСʯЩץŶǿվţҪھͻȥ߲·ˡ
Լ·߹û£ұ㡣
ʯСʯװ˯ſڶϣҡе߹ӣʯּҡ
ֱӰ˱ʯСʯСݣʯæǰȥеʣô
ʯСʯԼش𣬿ǰ춼ûȵʯСʯʯСʯǲ˼ʯֵˣ˯ˡ
ʯַȥˡ
˷ڴϣһʱˣʯСʯ˯ˡ
ͷ˯ЩڶʯСʯر磬һš
ģȥá
ʯСʯȥţԶԶĿš
žžžžžž
ʯСʯ˰죬ʮÿһ
ûո꿼ǣʯСʯȫûб˵ĿܣѾʯСʯˣû뵽ʯСʯԼոֱӸʯСʯ˵´ȥãͲķʯСʯܶ
ʯСʯί߻Ŷҿš
иˣͲЩʯСʯԶЩɰοû£ԣǻûء
ʯСʯͷԣȥɣҲҪˡ
ʯСʯͷĿͶߺЩģֺմ壬𴲣˵
Χۡ
ȺҲ̫ˣʱ˻𴲡
ʯСʯҲûܵȵ˼ҸţԼȥˡ
ʯСʯΪ̫æոˡ
ʯСʯصʯڸι̣ʯСʯûס̣ģֻҪʮа˴㶼Ƕԡ
ļķ뱻ˣͺ͵ʯСʯʹҡ£
ˣʯСʯһԾȻⶺҪȡ
ŭˣȣ߬ȭͷʯСʯ裬
ʯСʯҲǸҪģݶˣӾȻûޣһ飬ͺһڣճŵɫ̣ļһЦеһҲúȡ
һ㶣Ҳû뵽ֻôҪӦʯֻһˣһŸ첲ȶˣҪʱᷭشˡ
ʯֿűӣ۵ӴһѶʯСʯ룬ιߺ壬ŶĲޣүүˡ
Ĳ飬ĶʯСʯߵ̺Ӻ
ô٣˭ǺһʯСʯģƭң˰ᶼûȴʯһĿˡ
һڣֵʯһͷֻۣðʯСʯߡ
ʯСʯ£˵ģ÷ǣҲ÷żټպãǰóԲ٣ɻöһǲɡ
һʽ̫٣ǵ̫
ɣЪ죬æٺúúϼƺϼơǵ
ǰϻϻ𰡣ֲĳգϻǲ⣬УϻرϲԵģƫƫүûǸ츳˼ҵĲʳҲŵĲ࣬ζͲô¡
Դãʵû츳ˡ
ţʯСʯղԽͲһء
ܿ죬µĻ˼٣ؼæ
ĶˮĶɳأˮͺͱ˼һֵ㣬ɳϡ
ĺܺãôأˣɵ˵أ֪ࡣĶˮֱ
⻹û꣬ʯּﻹĶˮأܲܿڵæԸڼϢ
ôģһæʮ죬ֺˮ
һȥûԣʯСʯҪط䡣
ѹʯСʯϣһ߶˳ϵȥʯСʯѹ£ӾҪ˯
ʯСʯˣһƿˡһĻǺ
ʱίˣһĻϱ˵ˣǶȻ§ʹ䣬ң
⺹ζӴѬʯСʯ໽Уû˼ҴѽѬҲš
ûУûУû㡣ʯСʯ˵ΥĵĻϣ˼ܷ
ɶģ
ʯСʯ˶ΣҲˣڶͰ͵˵Ҫϴɣ
һĶö붼û룬סʯСʯö
ʯСʯҪˣҪҸϴɣ
§˺װ˯
ʯСʯһҧһֻ־ҪǶӣƨһҲװȥˣʯСʯҪӣʯСʯ໡һʯ֣Сʯô
ʱͣ˶ֻǿͬʯСʯϴ
ʯСʯæ·ҲԡͰүƵʯСʯű˵ʯСʯСȥͻȻĽҲˣܸʯСʯ
͵̧ţҲϴϴŰɣ
ʯСʯˣֻ̧ĽţŵСˮɲ˦ʯСʯϣҪʯСʯòţǽŶʯСʯˡ
ʯСʯŭˣѶղŽߵĲ˦ϣԼϴɡ
ҲЩС˵ҽһĻͼʯСʯԼ
ʯ汧ŶǺ֣ЦֻĶԶĵ㱨˳ˡʯСʯ⼸ûǶġ

46

굾ӣҪˣõġ
ҲǸ˵Ļæô죬ͳŲȥˣΣ˴Ѿææ
峤֪ҪϣĵĸܣʯţɵĲ˺˵㣬Ǹμκ̣˵㣬˸Ƿǳڿ졭˵꣬峤Ŷ˼⼸˲ףչ˾͸չչ¡
峤˵ˣ˼Ҹɵĺãܲ峤ӣ
ӲͷƤӦʵǼ˶ûɶǸμκ̣ʮֵĲԸ
Ǹ۶ģμκһΣһֱš
ЦǺǵͬ峤˱𣬶˼ң׼硣
æԺˣص䣬ʯСʯŶĺ壬ԴԱţޱ飬Ȼǲ
֣ҪĵĶģ
ϾоˣҪ
Ǹϲѽǰܲ͸ˣﻹгһջ
ʯСʯｫıЦŶĺܸӵЦӶˣڣòܰ˿ûע⵽һԺʯСʯ
⼸Ŷĺ˼еû£ʯСʯʱʱľͶ֪̫һͺ(ȻҪˣ˭˭)
ʯСʯı๫๫۸ТҲ
ʯСʯվΧǸ˰죬˼˶ûҪ˼ίӱʯСʯԲˣһϴ˯ˡ
ƼʯСʯ˯ˣŽעӶתƵʯСʯϡ
֪ʯСʯãǲɫŲߣȽӺ˯ˣȻŵҲ˴
ůҲԽԽ٣ʯСʯȫһ·ڱţװ˯
ƿӣƿʯСʯʳָĳڣȻ󡭡ȿȿȡȻ󡭡Ǿͺͺˡ
һڵĹҸ
ѵñϡϹ˷⣬ԣڶԼŶˡ
Ľʯ֣Լȥ˵
˵ҪΪ·˴峤ĺ⣬μκҲԸ׬Ȳ֪֮߳˵ͭ壬Ȼڴ峤ӴӦˣô͵ôȥ
Ǵ£Ȼʶ˳ۣԴҶ档
˸ɻ˵Ҫܷģ쵽ʱ򣬼ҲˣʱͼʯСʯŸͰ˹
ӭȥôˣ
ʯСʯһۣͷ
ǣҵ˼廹ôҹˡ
ʯСʯһ죬Խ˺Էˡ
һɸμκˣʱԶԽƲˣ˿⣬ҲôС˼ÿڼɩٰ㹴ƫϲȴ㲻Ӧ˶šҸġż尾
һȺڵͷųԷʯСʯͻȻͷбˣҸ
ͷ룬ĸĵʯСʯͷϵС
ôһ㶼ƫƫʯСʯĲУ͸ŪŪ
ʯСʯҡҡͷ˻ͷСǲԾ
ַˣʯСʯͷϵľĸ
ˡ
һԣʯСʯԴͻȻˣСʯƯ
ʯСʯևNɪĻ˻ͷϵС๫ء
ﻹĵģǫĳŷ
Ҽǵüκ̺Ҳᰡһˡ
ʱ˶䣬۶μκ̣μκԵĳͷ
̧ԴƵͬμκ̸̽˷ͼţҲš
̸μκҲ̸
̸̸ţ̸ĵطȥˣ˸̸ۣ(ʵǸִ)鷨徭
̸֪˼⣬ۼ˰ȻĵزˣʯСʯ͵ðһ䣬๫塣
.¨.һڣֱʯСʯؼҡ
Ȼμκ̲ˣЦЦŶֵܻ壬ʲôʱʱһ̡
ɿһʱɣʱ˵
괵ֿ꣬ʼɻ
ȵϣصסʯСʯ͵һӣݺݵڣԺţ׵๫ҸͲ壬զܺ˵أ
ʯСʯٺһЦһڣ
Цˣǰ
˵ڶ죬ʵ̫ãʯСʯû¾ͱŶɹ̫ţﵽɳȥˡ
һʯСʯˣԶһƣʲô
ֻ÷еĻʲô
ʯСʯ߽һƣֻһһСУ๫ɵš
ʯСʯ˶һۣЩΣȻѶߣӾ˵أ㱧š
ȶӦʱʯСʯѾ˵أʼˡ
ȻˣһүһԿţСϱţһȴţƵڵġ
ʯСʯԭӣҪԼɣʯСʯ۾һбԶԶָˣɵô˼Ҷμκ̶ɵñĶࡣɣ㱧ľͺá
Ȼ󣬶źڵͷһ磬ţƵСϱθϳһүǵġ
ʯСʯòɻͻȻôһ£˾͸ˣſڶ
ȥʱ򣬶ﱧһϱһһȺƵĸβ¶һ֧Ųסĸ
ڰ֣ǻȥɣС
ʵʯСʯ˻ŵģЩ۵߲ˡ
쵽ſˣʯһһӣæȥ
֣ұһ¶ġ
ʯæס
ֻʣʯСʯһˣ˲٣Ȼ
ϣޱĽʯСʯǹ⣬ȻŽԡͰ˴磬ϴϴףһ۲ۣ۲ۣûﲻ
ʯСʯ۵ֱߺߣ۾һ۶˼ͻȻ̧СѾӣŵԣϴϴš
Ȼ֪С˼ЦץʯСʯĽţáȻ͸ϴˡ
˵ʯСʯѾҲ۵ģ
һֻŶϴһյĹԸ֣ʯСʯԡͰŽŸ߸ĶֱҪˡ
ڣʯСʯ̲סˣѾק˻
ΧԡͰתȦȦһѰţһֻأ
ʯСʯҲԡͰŶҲתȦȦϴˣϴˡ
Уϴడ˵ţħצҪԡͰ
ʯСʯˣ֡

47

ĲˣʣʯСʯӵˡ
һͶˣֻʯСʯ׼þȥš
ôŶͽʯСʯСʡҪǰڸС̯ʯСʯɶȥһҵӰʯСʯǺܲš
˰죬Ҫˣæ֣Ҳˣȥұ԰ɣ
ʯСʯᣬʯֲڣʯϵԲߣǾֻȥұˡ
ʯСʯ۰ɷ˲ٵǣǿɶͭ廻ģ˳ʯСʯۡ
ʯСʯǰȥɶǣҪ١
Ҳˡ붼û룬һӳôǣֱˡ
ʯСʯ޷ֻ뻶
뻶ӹʯСʯݹĵģһҧһڡ
ôʯСʯչȥʡ
뻶ĵͷܺã𡣡
𣿻ûбأ
뻶ͷãȻ𰡣Ҫ˵ɶ
ʯСʯˣһѶطŵĵӣôǣȻ֪ˣ뻶˵
ʯСʯְӶ˻۰Ͱ͵ĿͷƤһ飬æҪȥ˼ҵĵôɣ
ʯСʯҲе͵ͷӦˡ
ڶ죬˾ȥ˶ζңζæŴ˼ҽ첻ȥϣû취ֻȥ
ȥʱ򻹺ãߵҲֻԴ˼
ǻһǼıȽϺõĵģʯСʯǸۡ
˴ŵȥǸС棬ʯСʯһСҲԼһɶһӡ
Կ׸ţԭƵģǼ˰͸ˡ
ܵ˵ǹͺͺģҪɶɶûС
Ҫ׼Ļܶࡣ
ȱĶ࣬ԾͲˣкʯСʯԡ
졣һݵʯСʯߡ
ʯСʯһۣҪſֱ򣬶ûˣ˼ĺþ¡
룬Ҿȥģӡ
ʯСʯһڣ˼죬˼ĺôࡣ
ҧҧȥ㶨¯˿¯̣ӣӣڵĵļӵȵȡ
ʯСʯԹԵͷ
ȷҪĶ˱컹Ҫߡ
ԭһȥģʯСʯһҪʮǮˡ
ζһһزǮأֻȥҪʮģ̫ˡ
У߻ȥɡ
ߵһֵϵ˼٣̯Ҳ̯ˡ
ţͻȻһӰ˹һ߽ţ๫
˺ʯСʯˣⲻǰСǼĸ߯ҪҪˣȻ๫
ûӦӣСɪץסˣ๫Ǳץһȥ
ǰˣʯСʯǰ档
ǺüǵոմСʱû˵๫ͷĺæʱЦˣԭǶʦ˵ţֿС꣬ȳʲô˼ҶʦзɵˣˡŶӣǰ㼸ҲΪá
˵Ҳʶ㡣СŲŶˣǵĶܺץţȻ๫εĿˡ
˭๫أʯСʯʱ䱻Ƶţ˲٣Ǹڸѵõĸ߸ˣһСж๫ǾȫʧˣֻСҪ๫̲סŭ
СʱˣʯСʯǲԸˡ
С꽩סˣۼҪСͻȻһСнʯСʯĻ๫ҽе㣬ûˣ㲻Ҫˡ
ôһ˵ʯСʯղ˵ŭǳ԰СĴһ㡣
ʯСʯʱСͻȻĶŪͷԣСС˻͡
ǺӶסˣû뵽Сν๫ȻԱǸһ㣬Ƹһļһ
С꣬ˡ˹üʵҲеĸ޹޼˵ģСмˣһִˣ֮ˣǵСԺΣˡˣֲġ
С˻ģʯСʯ꣬ʯСʯۻˣС˶ҪѹʯСʯϣҲǱ๫ŵģЩˣ˵Ҳô£˵㿿žͿŰɣô˶˽һأ
С껹Ŷء
Сꡭó
û˵ڣʯСʯͱСסˣС꽿εεĽ๫
һʯСʯгСȫʱҲװˡ
һԣҲƳôˣʱĳϿһۣˣǾͱ§§ˡ
ǺһĵĿ˰Сһۣӻ֣һ¡
СһˣҲֲ֧ס۵ʯСʯһ̲סŶӡ
һԣոջڰźӣҳС˳ʯСʯӴǲҪˡ
ʯСʯһʱûͬ˱⣬󺰣
Ҳ˹ȥҩ®
СȻСɻǸƵģҲǰ˰֡
С͵ҽ®ʱϴһĹӺһ߰С걻̧ˣæ߹ǡҪˣ
ǹҲͨϴҲû˵ʲô
ϴָŽС͵ʯСʯ汧ŶֱҪ̱
ȵɫˣ涼û꣬ʯСʯҲ۵ĲУһۣ§£ȥ㷹Թš
ʯСʯͷԹ
һߴͳˣЦ⣬ƽǸС
ʯСʯ䲻ôС꣬һ⻰Ҳһ
һж˳ֱҪǮˣЩ˳ˡ
СָʯСʯǺҪ
ʯСʯɴ۾ܲ˼飬ǸѵЩ˶Ϲ𣿡Һûϵ
˭ֻܹ๫̫ˣ˵ǲӣɿʯСʯǱȸһ㣬ȺӰЩĸͷŬ룬ٶԱȰС꣬ǿܵӵġ
СһתΪ˵ˣ㲻ΪСĲǺӣҪš
ʱϴһԵſṫӲͬĿʯСʯ
СǸͣǼƨҷţʯСʯƤ˦ĺѹôأСҲᣬСܻеģǻȥúŬŬ걧ûСӱ
ʯСʯѪС߯˰ɣû˵ʲôء
ǸҲҪǺӲҵġҲʶҲʶȱӱĿɻڼҵء
Сˣո§С󱧱ʱҶˡ㲻ʶ㲻ʶ˼ңոô˼ҵ֡
ǹӺʹʯСʯʱƵá
ռ˼СˣֲԸ⸺Σ
ʯСʯһȺ˶źɰίͬʱкڣ統ʱ⳵ʮǮء

48

֪ʯСʯС๫ҲǸԾͬʱЩǾûϳ
֪ԷʯСʯֻǸİˣôʯСʯǮҲ˳ˡ
ǰСûǮû취ƵϴֻñʾǮţȰСԺٻɡ
֮ʯСʯöûмС꣬ҽ®ΣϴΪϴε¼סǶ̬ȻǳãʯСʯãСǰǮˡ
ȻѾǺܾ֮ˡ
극֮󣬽С꽻һסˣڶһʯСʯŶˣûȥǶᵣĵġ
ҲôãʯСʯ֣ʯСʯ˵統ʮǮȥ仰һֱʹȥ
֪뷨ʯСʯͷӣۣǳԷסѾ˲ǮˣҪ⳵Ļ
δ֮ԣ˼֪ˣĬĬĿʯСʯĻǱ
ֱƭĸ顣
£복һ£ֻٵǶ·Ϊٵɽ·ôߣʯСʯͬúýһۣ۸ʮĽΪġ
ʯСʯðֿܻᱧڴ飬صҲŷּûˡ
ףʯСʯʹʯȥ˶ң˵Ƕļ۷ˣ͵Ҳˣڸö
ǸʮĺӣһǳĬԵˡ
˼ҵдĳסԼظһ˵ùǮ
ˣͬĻǰ۷ģ۷䣬ҪǮġ
ͬʯֻصʯҵʯСʯһʱԼЬ࣬ŽѾӸʯֿ֣ˡ켸һ죬нġ
ƽʱʯֿ϶ǰúðοοʯСʯȫû˼˿ڳʯСʯĵġ
ʯСʯ˾죬ʯֲҲû˵ʲôΪˡ
ѡģʹҲԼš
һԣΪʯֳԶһڵĶĺĿʯСʯŵĽѾӣСʳָ
ʯСʯжˣֻӿ
ʱʯһɣģࡣ
ֶ飬æַŵϲֲ䡣
ʯСʯӣ챻˵ɺӣѾһŶûˡ
ģʯֱ߶ģȥˡ
ʱѾˣԽԽ࣬ʱʵ̫ʺϲˣԶ˰ֽ䰲úˡ
ʯСʯС꣬Ѿһºˡ
ʱ׼ĶҲ׼ˣСӹ¯ɶҲðȫˡ
һʯʯϵһȥˣҲȥˣһϣʯСʯŶġ
һ£ִ࣬Ѿڰֻˡ
ʯСʯŶĵСצצЩţһզ졣
ҲǸܵʲôҡһֻצצĳʯСʯС
ʯСʯΪˣڶ˵ֱӰ˰Ƕĵƨɣûû
ѽͻȻĶ˶һæֻСץʯСʯϵ·
ʯСʯַźãϣ˱ʯСʯŵֲ˵Ҳš
̫ˡ
˵ıȱСֵ㣬Ҳ㡣ƢȱСƢ
ʯСʯ֪ŪˣæֻСצצͿʼ塣
ԺֶʯСʯ֣ʯСʯûٶ
ܿ죬˾͵Сſڡ
õĶѾˣõĶ࣬Ҳÿ˼·ĵĶ࣬һеıӵűȫб򲼡
ÿιԷͦ鷳ģڼҾ͸СƿӣһССܡ
ɾӣʯСʯӺǽţȻٽŶĵС̺ӣѶҲȥ
Ǵŵģſ·ƼʳϾȻŸСӣе̲ספˡ
ҶĻǸһıҪǻЬȥʯСʯҲûˡ
ʯСʯǰͿʼˣͶʯСʯҲֱ˵ģʺϼҾͨ˼ҳԵģپǼֶģҾõ˼ҳԵġԼȻզأ֮ʯСʯȴĲûкóԵеޣȴҲõĳ֡
ӵʯСʯȡãûīˮȡúܼ򵥣ͽĵ̡
һ죬ӿţĵľ԰۵ļ۸ۣ˲ٳּзӵķɣĵҲ
ʯСʯǰ˼̯Ҳǽ˳ȥô˵ĵģϿûмң˼ͣڿഫ֮£С򲻴СҲ˵˵ġ
ʯСʯֻôѿ˰꣬дСһĻҲԼϳԼдʲôܼˡ
ܵ˵һл˳˲໹еģ죬ʯСʯԼӦˣҲʼæԼĹˡ
ʯСʯϺͶһȻȥԼС¯ӣġ
ڶռ۸ߣ˾ˣҲǰĲֹ˿͵֪ˣÿ춼ġ
ʯСʯһ϶УһԷʱͿʼæˡ
ûʯָʯСʯһǶģôĥôģһԷʱ䣬æܣܽ
ʱʯСʯһæʱ
ΪʯСʯĵǱˣе˷ӱĵطġ
æϴ˰֣ʯСʯ
˽ˣҲˣʯСʯŤͷʶԷ𣿡
˿ˮûء
ʯСʯ룬ӹֽ̨ӸЩİݸŵĵӰɡ
ЦŽӹ
صӣײճ극ĶۣȥˣԭһԷģǰˡ
Σ򿪰ŵĵֽ۵˹ȥȥСʯæȥˡ
һζ˵һ
ʱʯСʯ̯ˣһû¾ͭ壬ſڿȥֻܿһڹ̨ҡΣ߽һ㣬ٺЦɵƵá
Ҫֻжһ˵ˣؼиۺҡ
һ죬߹ȥʯСʯ¶Դ

49

ʱʱȥʯСʯ˼һۣʯСʯѼʮˡ
ÿһһȥȻæЩҲʵ
Ͷ۸ֻ˼ҡ
صңʯѾˡ
֡ʯСʯæӹʯԽԽзĶġ
ʯСʯƨɣһڣǸСˡ
˳ſʯСʯϣͷʯСʯġ
ʯСʯһ԰æͷҪĽô
ʹʯСʯ꣬Ҳ˵ˡ
⼸췹ҲúóԣˮûʵġʯֿˣҹҪˡ
ôʯֵͷʯСʯҪȥĵͿ
æˣֻûϴء
ҪҲǸģֻС§Ŷļ硣
ˣ⼸ջҧʲô͡ʯҧĶɾ
ʯƣɫϳ극˾ͽıԼ
˯ʱ򣬲֪ģԼС˯
ʯСʯ¶ڴҪĺ˯ɡչ
һۣ˯Ӵͷβȷչ˵꣬´ʯСʯĴȸ֮ģֲٴɣٴһ˯
ʯСʯֻõͷ
ò׺˯˶ģĨ˶۽ǵСᣬʯСʯ˴ĥɡ
ĥʯСʯûʱˣʱʱ̿̿ӣֻɶȥˡ
ƹǡˣƹĳţϻѾˡ
ƹ֪ĵģȥĵ磬˵ҪĥƹЦǸСѾ𣿿졣
ӳˣӿһԺѵõĸƹһЦţ
Ȼֻһƽ£ûʲôԺġ
ƹȻӦͶһ극һȥĥ
ϻȥʱĻǸģһֻˣ˸СǷתͷȥ
ʯСʯ˱ŶĽݡ
ϴɾĥ˹Ŷĸ첲أ
ʯСʯ׽ĵ֣Ϊ̫֣֮һӡ
ͰɡʯСʯŶĵֵ˹ȥ
ʱĺܿ죬գ۱㵽˳ġ
ĵʱɽϵĸֲ֪СҰţķջ񣬿ʼ˷ۡ
Ϊ۹õĵҲ࣬õķҲ࣬ʯСʯѷҲõȥǮǱĻҪд
ѾԼ΢վһˣҪ˷Ҹ£΢߼(ǲֱ)ʯֲöߣ˵ҪٳЩ
ʯСʯĵҲΣһǿǰһ죬һǰãΪʯʯϵ£ʯСʯˡ
һĵı߲·ˣŸ첲Ҫץģͺ
СǲܳԵĵģʯСʯŵҲҴˡ
һֵҲˣҪʩҪڷֱۣҪ
ЩʱҲϤʩʻͼԺţһġ
תͷߴСƵϣһʱС죬һ֣Ľһ˴кķʽ
Ȼ󻹲ΡΡվŵöæǰȥס
һ˽Ƕļ́ܿͷŶСš
Ǹʩʣı̣žҪµء
һСˤˣĸˡ
ǿˣСοˡ
Σ˸Ŵȥˣ˴ͣᣬסĵƨɣТӣҿ
Ҳ֪ԼϳһͰˮᵽϴϴˮ裬ҲǸӣͱĺһҲˮһϴ裬ҲЩ⶯ˣ첲
ΪҪ´æס˸ӽˡ
ƶᣬ
ָ˻ȥ
κ˵֪ɶֻܼ
һֱȥĶûޣֱϴ裬ˮҲ̲ס
ʯСʯʱͦ׵ģһؼҼڳҲһ㶣Сɤӿ࣬ʯСʯæ˱ģô
ͷͻȻͿˡڲὫȥ¡
Ӹʯ֣Щ꣬ЩҪȥסˣԺСӾҪסˡСôѺ壬ѹĺܴ
ϣһһԷѾܳһЩʳˡ
һСΣϣһʯϵιŵ
ʯϵι˶ģһ˲ų
ΪʯּˣûҸĳ̫࣬˳ˣСӣֶˡ
ͷͻȻ´һ~
˵ͷһֻķʯСʯվԴ͵Ͷι
һԶˣץӾ˼ûסý߶ĵСƨɡ
ΪҲ˼ͣϢ£ſ~
ʯһЦȻ˱𣬡ģǳ𣿡
ʯһڣſ˿ڣ~
ʯﻹľܾÿպ˵㲻׵
ι˼ڣʯ־Ͳιˡ
һưư˰죬Ҫǲ֪ˣΪʲôɽ亣ζ

50

ŵģסˣҪȥס
ʯӲǸһ¡
һ£ۼʱҲˣʯʵڲӣΪ˶Ӽ죬ǰ˻ѡ˸գָ˼졣
ҵķȫסˣһӾʹʯҰȥˡ
ߵ죬ʯֱŶĲ֣ĴӳϿ˵ôġ
ʯ㲻ģʯͬһסģϾʯҵķҲЩˡ
ʯһˣԭͶлԼĸʯСʯܺһסӱ
ʯǻǾܾˣ廹ҲܸɵĶԼסţ˸ɲˣٰȥҲ١
˼֣޷ʯСʯֻܷ
˵춼½½İ˹ȥֻʣһˡʯָ˱˾ϡ
·Խˣÿζ·õʯһ佱ˣҲϲ·˶
һ·ϣķҪߣû취һ˷һֻ첲˼ȴǲˡ
Ķʰãֻסȥ
СǲģûһŴҪԵġ
һһС¯ӣǰС¯ӸʯСʯ̸ոպá
ʯСʯŶĸ֡
תۣ춼ˣڵʯСʯԵף׼󷹡
ƽʱôʱ䣬ˣ죬ֻǳ˲ˡ
ĴЩ֮Ϊæƣûôչ˹ģһֱʯֹš
ʯСʯէһֺ֣͵ֻ֪޵޲һ֪ҪģʯСʯͲôܺˣԾ˳
ˮ֪Ѿ˼Σ׻ûϴãڣ̲ȥˣܳȥҪߴߡ
ȥԺӣͼʯСʯĵķצצˮڣˣ˫žžžĴˮ棬һ
ŭˣ׾ϴģ
һʯСʯͷˣóˮžžžצצκζĶˮִ̫š
ģҹ
ҪǾӶ̵ĻѾˣͱ֪ʲô˼
ŤͷһۣȻعͷˮ
ˣġ
ΣȥӣȴۼֿĶסһԼһʱ·ȫʪˡ
¿Ӿһžžž
ƨ⣬һ㶣ȻʯСʯ۴ޡ
ʯСʯæסˡ˵ŽԼ
ʯСʯĸôʯСʯҲô򣬸˵·ʪˡ
ˣԺϴ˲ˡʯСʯԹϴ
ɫÿ˵㣬ˮ
ĻǸһĺӣͬƽҲֻϣһƨסѵ
˻ȥ·ԼʰһƬǽԺӡ
˸ովĵطһСԲｦˮ߽˻ŵһζ
һ飬ˮڼ仹һʯСʯû֡˻ϴ˲ϴס
ϴɾ󣬶¹ˣʱʯСʯҲ·Ҫæջ
ջ񽻸ʯСʯȥȶĵ̡
ʯСʯ˸СڹǰϻŶġ
ֻצצץʯСʯ·ʯСʯĻСĴſãǻû
һʯСʯŲעֱˣΧһӣľԼҲܰﰢæˣҪµذæ
ʯСʯٺֻ˸Ĳסͬʱס˶ĵצӣȻŵϡ
ĶʯСʯЦĿģ~͸ȥһ
ֳһټڵķ극˯ˣڶ컹Ҫء
ڶȥһ˶ģԭ뽫Ľʯչ˵ġǵ˴ڣʯּŻݹŵģ̴ʯ˯ͽĴȥϡ
ϵʱʯСʯ˺٣ľʯСʯš
ڰ죬֮ȥĹײ̡
ʱ͵̯ӶѾˣѾܳˣʱЩ˼ˣΪģĻ
룬һȥ氲ĺܣƹûˡ
ƹޱĿ˱˼ȴԲ˱ϣҲ֪Щʲô
ƹġ
ˣ͵ˣƹһǶЦȴǿǡ
ƹģ÷ʲô£ƹģ£
ƹƵ߻ع̨Ȼӹ̨óӣһһڹ̨ϣĹǮ
ûգƹģҵĹǮûô࣬⣬ǲǼǴˣ첻ǷǮӡ
ƹĿһۣЦŰɣһθ㷢Ǯˡ
㶣ƹ˵⻰ʲô˼

߳ЩµģõҪˣƹҲҪؾˡ
ԭĶһ˴Ǯ˴۸񰺹ľģһⷿ˲Ǯ룬϶ֵ˸˽ȥһϣⷿˮľûˣȥơ
˴ѣһԪˣһжִѹϼûŹȥˣ̯Ӿ䵽ϼռڵĶϡ
񣬿ҪӾˡ
챿֪ôοƹģƹĵȶĿڶ׼ô֮ǰʹ
뿪֮ǰˣƹʲôʱ뿪
ӵʱʯСʯѾæˣʯСʯһҧĥѾˡ
һʯСʯæ߹ȥ˳ƱסʯСʯ
ʯСʯЩԾæʣô
Դ鵽ʯСʯϣѵײ̹ˡ

51

ײ̹ˣʱҲһˣһҲˡýˣŷĳȥɻ
ǰͬܶ˶±ϣǶܵĽеضׯڣ˶ׯڲϡ
ժϣҪÿ춼ƷõϣȥϵˮСǶȥ
ײ̹ˣʧҵĲֹһҲһ
ţ㺰æǮһСĹǮ㡣
ʯСʯߺ󣬶ľҶһµء
۵˱ˮͷ۵ţȥС쵰
ڹײ̸ɻˣûʯСʯĴȥϣڼԼչţľ˵Ķ˯㡣
ҽôСĺӶһ˷ڼǴĻĻûѡ
˼Ĵȥ
ĵС·ȻסС첲·ĲˣŤŤģ춼û·
ɫˣ֮£Բ·ˣСһֱӾ͸ӵ˳ŵĴ¨ȻŰŰɣĵ·Ҳ¨
С·ССģرģأѹˣָĵԴ¶˳
űһ¨·ӵĶ񾭲ƵÿŶŻ̵һ¨·Ҫµصļ
۶ţҲЩڣʲôǸϽ߰ɡΪģѾ˲ʱˡ
۵˵ͷžȥ˵
¨ڵͷ£ͺͶµæˡ
һ߸Żһ죬ˣԺɶ𣿡
Ҳͣס˶⼸һֱΪ·꣬ǷǳϱеġǾֻ;һȥҵ꣬Լꡣ
һ֣ǷǳִģΧĹײ϶ԼĻʦȥˣûƹĺôֲһ㹻ɵʱ䣬ˣ˱Ϣǰ֮ԼʹʧܣҲûȥ򹤡ǰƢ̫ˣһѾѹࡣ
ڶ֣΢ĹײĶѾҲƣ˵ӣ빤Ҳǲֻ͵ȹײģײĲѰ֮ûˣ˭Ը
ûʱʱĴһûмС⣬ʵԳӡҲС
Լ˵ˣҾÿҾӣҾߡײģֻܵ˲ŻҲײģһֻһ
꣬Щڶ뷨
һײĵʲôҾߣ
󣬶ȴļ򣬡Ȼ˾ȥɰɣҪæĵطǵúҡ
һЦŴ˴۵ļ磬ػһʯСʯͶģջ˶ԸΪ߲嵶ֵܡ
̸Цţ˵Ķ˿
ͷԽԽߣҲԽԽ࣬Ŷһص̲ספˣվڵͷųͷʶһǮ
òõСǲյģԶ㽫ɸµˣΪͬĶѹ˼Ǯһġǲõϣû̫
룬ߺ˯ĶģѵûޣֻԼͻȻˡ~˸СǷ
վ¨ǰĺӱͻȻðһ
һĻжۣŶʲôʱĴˣ
һۣϰ˵꣬˹ȥҪ֪ڻû·̡
ϵĺӽۣ߽¨˹ĶģȻڴ˵Χ£ĸĴ·
ڶӵϣʾС̸ϵʱ
˲εĵ¶˱˳Цꡣ
ҵĺװֵģǹģȤ࿴ۡ
Ĵ·ֱ֮Žڻι̡
ĲŸѣģڶҲֻе̡
ȵһţϺ󣬶ȻָյľſһѴϿЦҲ֪Цʲô
Ϊ˷ϣţӣÿվͿţϡ
ͶһװΧŪ˵壬Ҳϵȥ
һ׼֮󣬶ͱŶţ
Ϳǵ˶ģţϰ˸̶λܶűӡ
ӵԴţ·ˡ
·ʯСʯĵʱԭ뽫ĽʯСʯţһʯСʯæȻģ㣬ҲûٶͣŶȥϡ
Ǹ۾ģһȺһӾҵȺеİ֣ʱˣһߵųҪվһҡֳʯСʯĽš
ԸûԸҲûͣĵһϳ±Ƶı飬벻ͨô
±֮󣬱㿪ʼСһƣãæ˸ȭͷδõСϡ
һӾ˲죬ȻСϡ
ӺˣȴһϾͳԽ˰еλãôأ
Щˡ

52

ϣŶ϶һȦٵʯСʯĵʱѾ緹ˡ
İ·ûס˯ˣֻðúţŶߡ
ȥʱʯСʯ˷ʼԡ
̧ţ޶ų̀ʯСʯ̧ͷŹ̨ʯСʯôȣҲûˣ극һؼô
аʯСʯǹʹӦˣǿڷֿڳ˾䣬϶ô
һ棬˯Ķķڹ̨ϣһߴʯСʯĻÿҲһţϣûˣƻһӡ
˵껰ʯСʯԴʯСʯԹעģȥøϽʣܿ
Ҳ֪ô£ÿζѡÿλвƷϻȥ
ϱʯСʯˣȻôÿɻǺġ
ʯСʯͷ»ûķеϣڵĳˣһֿʼǷ
û̫ãʯСʯͳ극һʰ£źһţ׼ؼҡ
ȵʯСʯŶϳʯСʯŶȣ˳˱ӡ
Ϊ̫ˣʯСʯԺ˯ˣĴʯСʯﱧźã˯ĸӣ𴽣޵ƵҲЩţȵǰʻȥ
ԭʯСʯ˵˵ҾӵµģѾˣնʳʱ¶˾ġ
ʯСʯḻԴӣͷۣ֮ǰ෬ں󣬶һ飬Ǿֶ룬ԼҲڴҡ
Ρ˯ʯСʯˣ˵ɡ
ţ·ͷʱʯſڸɹƼͣϵϱ˼ʯȥʯ֣ɶʱԸһֱȥժҲС
ʯûƴǣֱˣӹϣһ£Ҫæ˾ͰĸҺҲĵġ
ɴĴӦˣ漴ֲ˼ЦЦɬڵ֣ھͰѶĸó𣿡
ʯһ㶣ȻŶѵò˼ӣһЦúúáҪ˵ϡĵˣʯ֡
Цܻţ˯ĶĽʯ֡Ȼʯָ˱𣬼ţ뿪ˡ
ʯֿŶ˿ͷĸţˣٿԼﻹ˯ĶģʯͻȻԼӺܿ
ʯСʯձŵ˴Ͼˣ۾ã˰죬˱ˮ˵㡣
Ϸ˼ڷʯСʯųٶ۵ķ֣ӾȻڼҡ
ʯСʯ꣬Ŀһֱۣˡ
ʯСʯ˿ȻĵĽ֮Ժ
һۣʵʯֽı£ﻹһ˵ģС̫ˣڡ
ǣҹһԲ˵
ʯСʯڶǱȥϵģѵûӶµĻ˷ʱ
һڣʯСʯֺͽŶģ´ζĳȥЦ
ԭǴʯСʯЪһģʯСʯǵѾû˹ҵصͷˣЪ
죬ǰһһϾʯСʯĵӣ첻ͬǣûжĸʡ࣬ˣ緹ʱŹȥһС
ţȥ緹ȥʯСʯӡ
ʯСʯæţֻйкȻæȥкˡ
ƿ˽ȥѷŵϣȻʯСʯĻȥϢѷˣｻҡ
緹ݸʯСʯԼվ̨ǰк˿ˡ
ʯСʯ£ûƴǣֱӾȥһϢˣڶãҲܾ
æˣһųԷʯСʯĿʵôô磿ҼǵĶࡣ
¿еķ̧ͷĵΪûжڡ
ʯСʯǲŵģԼʵ̫úˣڳԵģױ죬Ķȹһ졣
극Ŀ˾ͷǳˣûС
ɴཫʯСʯԼţԺֻĵˣ缸ûҲ˼ǮҲǰװ˷ʱ䡣
ʯСʯڷԣţޣؼˡ
ûסһڣûʯСʯĿŶҲеˣˣЪһɡ
ôģʯСʯŶļڶ˯ˡ
ʯСʯŶļ磬Ծķٶȣʱʱ΢ЦĿʯСʯһۣʯСʯɵ˯գͻȻ·ƺҲûôѰˡ
ͷ˲ʯСʯԴͻȻ˶ˡ
ֻʯСʯǴһ˿Өߣһֱ䵽ļϣŹԵԽɼ
۾Բۣöô졣
½˾ѣͣ³ŵĽ֮õ
ʯСʯȻ֪๫˯
һ·ϣǿˮԴԴϡ
벻ͨˣôԿˮ

53

յգ˿ΪȶðС
ʯСʯŷ磬ͼʹԼһЩûã죬رڸճ緹ʱ̫ˡ
ϼѾû˳ˡ
һˣʯСʯ͹ӵţȻʰöȶ
ʱǻһ緹Ȼһؼҡ
û粻ˡ
ÿֻϵ翪⡣
ֻǶģò࣬ûҪźšؼҺúϢϢ˯һĺá
˶ʯСʯտʼǼͬģȻٵ㣬ÿ춼һ㣬һ¼һͲˡĲۣҪϢ(Ǯã˯ʲô)
췸šʯСʯ˷šĶ˭˭ģʱͺбҪͨ;ġΪġ
ͨûͬʯСʯི˫ֱסʯСʯβһѽ˿ϣţʯСʯţ
˷źãʯСʯһƶƣ䲻һ첻ҸɣҾɣɡ
ʱЦˣָʯСʯ˼û¸ɣ㲻ڣҾÿ춼ؼҡ
ûйʯСʯôһ˵ڶ첻ö˵͹ԹԵʰӵȶ
ж¶ʵǺͶô̫ˡ
ڶһӣڴЦЦǺǵĹˣʯСʯڴ·ϱĺ˭
ʯСʯʱˢľͺˣȴǺ޲ʮٰ˶ٵġ
죬ʯСʯ΢΢˴
ԴӶڹײɻˣǰײΪ顣ûÿŶĴ(ʵ)˵ûǰôˣҲࡣ
֮⣬ʯСʯö̬Ҳǰһˡ
ʧҵˣҲʼˣһ㿴ǰʲôɡ
ֻһˣĺˣ޼ˣٺǰһһ㣬СĶԴˡʱô³͡
ڶԴ̬ȵı仯ʯСʯһΪǶˡֳ
Ҳû̫ã
ʱÿæϣҪС̶ѹţÿ˶ܸ۵İһصﵹͷ˯ҲûôչʯСʯˡ
Լı仯̫ԣḻʯСʯнһչ֮ͱˡ
ˣ뵽ԼܻԼѣ͸оˡ
ʯСʯĲԣϲ˽ͥ׵С£ʯСʯ˴һӡ
һ˵Ĺ¡
µ˹һԳɻ鲻õСԭǳĶġ
һΣӳȥһȣȣ͸ɲ˻Ǯһҵƶʱ⡣
ǲûǰͷСҧҧԵļҡ
ʯСʯɴ۾СҺ񡣡ǼǿܸɵСɡ
ˣ๫ǺúõСһۣĻں档
һ⻰ʯСʯ
¼
СܺãʼˣҲˡ
ɾʱǺˣԼ˸ɣǲûлָյֹۣսˡ
Ϊʲôأ
ΪĹǮ̫ˣһȲһá
ӾԼûϣûӣôҶƲԼԼ½ӹǺӾԼһ硣ǣԽĬһУǷɶֻ֪ȰúϢϢɻ̫ƴ
ģѹĥ˺ӶСɵĸ顣
ֱһ죬СٴδǺһ˵ѷ׽ڴ
ǣһԭͺĻ¾ʹѡ
꣬ʯСʯӣŭڣС󺰣ͲǺòãˣ
ɤŴĶСļˣСæסʯСʯ죬ģСʯͷСòã˵ĺĲǽ֣ǳֵ⡣Ҫô!
ʯСʯһ㶣Ȼûͬ֡
ûͶ֮Ǵ⡣
ܸɴ˶ϡ
(ʵû⣬Ƕĺ)
֪ԼҺԺŻĶæϺӡ
ȥϵϣﻹʣ²һЩβզغÿϣ˶۰æ˴һ¿ţ˽ɸµ˵˹ٵϣˡ
˵˻治١
һ죬Ŷģ˿ܹ°̯ӡ
ڴ£ȻɹˣЩһҲѶڵİ
ĻʲôͣҪﰲһ磬ȫܵġΪ˺ģһСƤĵǰĿһᣬûζĺܿתעŶΡΡĻСҪĴߡ
ȥͺ
ҪȥأӲ豸ûãöʱʱš
һҪɶûصҲȤ˵(ˡ)
Ͼͽȥʯ
ÿ콫ȥ֮󣬻Ҫȥٵϰ̯˱Ļ֮⣬ҲЩͷ˰̯ˣ̯ĺܷʱˡ
ڲȱ⼸ǮͲԸˡ˷ʱ䣬Ҿ̵⡣
˼˶㽫ʣµϵͼתָۣɶȥٵ
Ͷֱ˵Լ˼
ңһȣΪʲôĺܺΪʲôˣ
ʱ죬ЩÿնŴ̫ٵϱߣ˭ܿס̷˶Ͻʡ
קһùβͲݣҲͷɲɣԼҲԼĴ㡣ɲɣֱ˵ɡҾȥұˡ
˵ݶˣ۵ͷ£ҸɣֵҲԿһǮһ̫ˣҴǶô
ۼ˵룬аɡ
ôģһ¡
˵Ļؼˡ
֪ǣʯСʯڼ
־ҪʰӵϡΪӵӡӶѾҡҡ׹Ļ

54

ƿƵ߻ؼңѽϵˣҲܺúЪһЪˡ
е¸Լ˱ˮţʯСʯһæͣûɫ磬ٺõģһ٣ٺʯСʯһֺֺǡ
СʯžͺˣӿˣûʱһСϱˡ
࣬๫׼ʯСʯӵ߹һַˡ
ҪһʱҪôʯСʯﻹû³̣ϰµģ֪˵ʲô
һۣӴѵõ˳
ЦǰһҪʯСʯ
Υ˵ġͻʯСʯһʱĽġ
ʯСʯ쳣ҲˣʯСʯţ˽ģȻˡû룬ֻʯСʯȣһ¾ͷֿˡ
ʵȥûʲôԵģ
ʯСʯˣԼҵķǶģǰϰˣûʲôʯСʯЩȻˣһӣôϴڳأ˸ô๫أ
ûʯСʯĻش𣬶ֱȥ˳ŻҾǰϲԵˣ
˵ֱ꣬Ӹˮֵ˻
ʯСʯ棬˸С
ɵĸġ
ǣʯСʯֺίҲԸΪ๫Щģ๫Ĳóԣô죿
ţţˣŷˡ
ʯСʯæȥ
ûã㿪ʯСʯ̡
һʱʯСʯǲ֪ҪʲôˣվſŶԼǶ޴롣
ҪԷˣʯСʯڵϣĿƲһԶĵССӡ
԰ӡ
ʯСʯŶȥıɡǻиͬĶӣͼöضǰ̬ȡ
֪ǣʶԶ˺ж
һʯСʯҪǸС̶һ㣬ŵøռŵĲ˶ˣһסʯСʯ֣ǧ𡣡
ʯСʯһǿӰĶôĶ£ôĿɰҲǶĶӣȻϡˣ
ҺʯСʯû⻰Ȼ϶˵£ɰǺǣ
С˸ӣʯСʯ壬ʯСʯȻɰˡ
ʯСʯû֪⼸զڵʯСʯʱӺܿ
СײƵá
ԹĿ˶һۣͻȻʰˣһӣԼоͰˣǨŭӡ
ôţͻȻ̧ͷʯСʯһۣܲԾѽؼôʱˣʯСʯ˵ֶʮ
ģɶû˵ʯСʯһϲԵĲˣ˶ͣʳԼĲ룬СʯǲȥС뻶ˣ
ʯСʯǵͷһ룬˼СҲǺģæҡҡͷ
һ¶ˡ
ȳԷԷ
극ڴϣʯСʯʵл˵ģһʱֲ֪ô˵
󣬶ԹԵĴսʯСʯʯСʯĲӣʱʱ
ͻĶʯСʯȻ˸ܲǰŲµĶɲɣʯСʯǰС͹
һ󣬶͵һЦſͽߵСֱӺסˡ
ʯСʯһϣ
ҲûţʯСʯе㣬벻Ҫ
ﻹ˼Щ߰ģʯСʯܹԣȻЩߣǵ롣

±ϣʯСʯڻ
Լ壬ʯСʯĺСţͿԿԼȣʯСʯļжխ
ڶĵʯСʯ۵ģģССģϡĲˣǸղ£ʯСʯţıڻϸϸܵ
ḧʯСʯЩۣˣҲˡġ
˻һʯСʯֱҪޣҪûĻղˣ
һСЩʲôԲߣʯСʯȫ֮ԺǰգʯСʯЩίҡ
޹ûѽ
ʯСʯҲôȡֵˣ鲻ãҲ⡣ʯСʯǱ˶Զİʾ⣬Ȼָ⣬ʾ㲻˳ۣҲᡣ
һῴʯСʯʳ˵ԼÿĵĻ˵̫ˣ
ţʯСʯɬĵͷ
̫ܸˣ
ͷ
סҵĹâҵ𣿡
ʯСʯͷο˽ȥһѱס֪ʧҵܴ󣬿һġ
һŤɿǰСޣʹĵ˵ͷ
ûԼ뷨ģ֮ԹûʯСʯ˵ҪҾӵ£ԼѼǮóȥˣʯСʯ⣬ðʱץס
һԱˣұȥתҾߵģҪǮˣԺڼֵ˰ɡ
˵⻰תҾߣû˵Ǹ˴򹤣Լꡣ
ʯСʯһۣҶҪߺŶԲԣ
Ҳ֪ЩģߺſɻǮˣ룬ʮܵĵߣʮӣΪ˰һ̣˾ͻ˰ɡ
Ҳ֪ôشˣȷʵҪߵģԼ򳤹ճԷ
ʯСʯ룬ƨȥͷĹӣںţʯСʯûйرյĺ΢΢ţ㶼ѳֲסˡ
ɿһԼ̸µʱ̸µʱ
ۼڻеǮģڴҲǸССĸʯСʯ˹ȥҪûþֻˣɽ۵ǮϵģһµĹǮڼӴǮڻʮӣҪĻȥðɣڻȥġ
ʯСʯʯСʯԴáףлл㡣
ϣʱʯСʯҪ̫۲źá
ʯСʯȫ֧ӣʵЩ嶯ģʯСʯʵ뿪Ҿӵġ
죬Žڱˣÿ˼ɫ˱Ϣ
ʯСʯ죬۵ŶԴͷ
Ƕ̽ҪǿҼҾӣû
սĽᣬʯСʯĵڶţЦţһ⻰ɶǲǵӣǲǵ벻ľǲǵľͷ๫ӴľͷʯСʯҲ֪Щľͷɹˡ
ҾӲӣֻҪ¯ӾͿԵġ
ܽᣬüЩҪߺţǼҺ￪𡣡
ˣղһǸһҪǮҾˡ
֮󣬶Ǵȥ
ʯСʯж٣֪ģԺʯСʯɽ֮ٿҾӵĿԼΪ㡣
˼Ǵն࣬õĻʯСʯ֮ǰԶ㣬ʱʯСʯˣҲ̫ҡ

55

żﻹзһʯСʯҲЩǮ㽫ʮȫˡ
ϾҲ˿һˣԿӹȻڣ廹˳ġ
⼸գйʯСʯǰʮڣŪʯСʯӦˡȻӦʯСʯǷǳܶڵġ
ҵ죬Ҳûֳɶ󶯾ڼպҵ֪Ͽ˼ҼҾӣȴ֪ϰ˭
ʯСʯҲǣʵһֱȥƵģΪ̫æˣûȥȲæˣֻؼҡ
ˣʯСʯˣ¶·ʯСʯʱŶġͷʯСʯˣǸ¿Ǽҵ𣿡
ԥ£ȻʯСʯͻȻʵڲƭˣǵͷˡ
Ȼһ̾ʯСʯ˵̫ˣǼҵӺܽ
ŶӣʯСʯЦˣӻõġ
˼Ӷʯ֣ʯСʯ˯ˣŷ뿪ˡ
տʼеĹ˲࣬ʱߣԼϡ
ÿսʯСʯͻἱҴҵĸϻӣ෬ڣɱչ۶ˣûӣøϽǮʱ򶫴·֮ʱض׬һض׬㡣
ǣû뵽֮졣
ʯСʯؼңصײæ꣬˺ͶһߵԼſڣ컹̫˶۳Զٷ
ʱӲŸտʼɶȱ˲æ
һţ˾ͿʯСʯǶˡ
Сʯôˣ
û꣬ͼʯСʯ̧ͷޱ飬۾ȴ졣
вһ£æתһԵĶ˵Ҽе£㡣
ЩĪɻǵͷȥˡ
˶۳ȥţһתͱӭЬˡ
ˣʯСʯԲ۾ӵµ˵
֪ʯСʯǶô
ԭΪ๫ҵµĻˣ˰
رЩˣǷۻǵģǰĺˣܵӣ׼ûؼҷźš
ɲ룬ӵĹӿˣʮӲɡ
ϸ룬ߵˣǶĸ
ʯСʯЬӣĿ˹ȥʯСʯڶЬһǵһμʱ
ʯСʯŲ뿴ʮӰѰ
ׯ˼Ұ˾겻òµģͱһӸܹˣΪ߸ţҸľĻ
СʯҴˡ͵͵һ߰ŸʯСʯЬӡ
ЬӣʯСʯһ߿ôǮΪƹȫˡ㻹ƭ˵˵һ
վҪסʯСʯʯСʯ֤ܿ׬ģû˵ڣͱʯСʯƿˡ
㻹ڹײ̸ɻ˾ˣܿû
ˣٹ͸ѧˡûǮô죿
ۼҵˮֻĶ˭ҵĵر٣
ԭĶصģȫûˡ
Ϊ˸ƹʮӣ𣿡
ʯСʯһ˵ûҲûܷʯСʯ˵ĶǶԵġ
ʯСʯ֤ǮġһǮûƾʲô֤
ͷʯСʯ˵ţû뵽ʯСʯô
ͻȻűƿˣʯֱŶһϲ˽Ļеˡ漴ڵϣ˻ˣʯֽ˽ģôˣô
Ҳһ±ƣղ˵λүүһٿ䣬С˰졣үүҪͰֿ룬ˣû佱˵ֺ͵ˡ
ʯֽˣæ¶ģʯСʯʲô²ܺú˵ôˣ
ЦŶʯ˵֣Ҳԣ˵Сʯ
˶ʯ˵ģʯСʯһߣû£ȻĨ˰ѱӣٿһۣģ֣ȻؼˡԸźӵͶ
ıʯСʯžʱСצצͼץǺܿͱʯСʯˡ
СȴҲ֪ǳˣʯСʯҲԹԵġ
ʯСʯԼڶĵĲ䡣
۾һգգĶʯСʯʯСʯ˫ۣС֣ĨĨʯСʯʪۿ
ʯСʯۿһ죬Ŷ˺üڣԣǻүүңǸ쵰ˡ

˵ʯֶˣɶֲӲţû˵˵Ļ
Ҳǵģ뿪ҾӣܺúúСʯ˵𣿾һʱͬ⣬úøٶǮҲǲܡ
˵ʯҲ֪˵ʲôˣ˦ӣؼȥˣ⼸ȲҪˣ侲侲ˣ
ʯߺ󣬶һƨڵϣʯСʯЩǮӣʯСʯ߶ҪӣһڣЩӶʯСʯ˵ֻǮô򵥡
ڴ˵Ŀ𣬻б˵裬ʯСʯ˵⣬֪ʯСʯʵģܻڱǰ⣬һŵȥһصңǻС͵͵ҧŴᡣ
ǲʯСʯʲô취أ
ֻһӣǸڼǸϺˣֿʵǸҪ˱۸ˣûֻܰԼȥ
ʯСʯĺܶطչ˺ãʯСʯǸӳĺð֣κ˶ϣܹúãԼһ۸

56

ͶһܣʯСʯĵӵڶͿʼȫӪҵˡ
׬Ȼ٣ʯСʯܶ׬һɡ
æ꣬һ˶ûУϴ˰֣ʯСʯŲӣһӣϴεҲţнġ
ӱʯСʯһԣʼ׬ġ׬ļͭ壬ʯСʯ֮ȫڹ̨ϣʳָһͽͭߵǶϰұߵǶϡ
ˣˣҲ·ˡжǸ쵰һȥ·ҲڵĲӡֵȲãҪǮ޿㣬ãҪҩټϼֲεĻ
һʱʯСʯʱ޲ҲҪЪˣĲźá
ŶʯСʯˣһľʯСʯüϸߣ¶۵ĸ첲һֻǶͭ塣
ʱ֪ôˣֱʯСʯ̧ͷŶĵĶ
üû˵ʯСʯͷ
~վЩΣҶжڣֻСצצҡҡʯСʯҪ
ʯСʯһۣ̾˿ǸŹ̨ı˽
ӣʯСʯĵĿģһεվš
ӣķ鵽̨ϣȳԷɡ
ʯСʯŶµĿˮû
޴ץץ°ڣСʯţͣţǻؼҰɡ⻰˵ĶûеΪʯСʯϾûĳǻ˼Ǯ˶ζĳϵġ
ʯСʯָѾĺ·ģȥòãҪ׬Ǯġ
ĶЩ⻰ǶԶ˵ġ
ʯСʯϻؼң󣬶ֱ˶뿪ˡ
뿪֮󣬶ûлȥֱȥ˼Ҿ
ļҾ֮߱ҪӱЩԺܿһλˣǸڴ׷ϰ壬ҪΪҪײҷּҳȥĶӴһ׼Ҿߡ
ֱ³¹ӴģЩС׷ϰԼָŪŪʡǮ
ĻƲ࣬ľƹǣߣҵĻԴ
صӣķ£Լȥ档Ȼ񣬿ʼɻ
һ⣬Դĺˣ˼ҲԸҡ
ʱʱĲּͣþ꣬ʯСʯ֮ǰȥ
ĺҵţһȦ֮תضק·վſıϿЦ
ܵԼС첻Ծ䣬ȻСƨɣţԼȥòã
һö仰
Цţܿ챻ĶĿ⣬ˡ
ʱˣʰ£ϴϴ֣ϴϴĶģּţȥ˵ӡ
ʯСʯˣʱʱƵתġ
ʯСʯ۾һ룬ͨˣʱĵģǸһ⣬æһ죬ϵˡ
ӭС߷壬ʯСʯֵʱ䡣
Щ˲ͬϼģǺܶ಻ȱǮĶǺõĵġôһ׬һ롣
һվͶιĶģһ߿ʯСʯæ
ʯСʯæĸˣȥʯСʯҲǲԸġ
ȥг»زȥ
ǣôģʯСʯ˶ζĳ
죬ʯСʯһˣʰ¹̨žߡ
ڲԶţϵæСʯ˵ţһϹȥ
תλϣҡ֣~
ͣʯСʯǰʯСʯ죬ûٶ֣°ھȥˡ
ȥ֮ʯСʯıڻ˵
ľͲǸֵ˵ͣͣŤСƨɡ
ȥˣġ
ʯСʯֵÿĵĶһæתͷŶ
ݸСŵʱõ̵ġԹԵԼ׼ˡ
Ľ˹ȥջȥˡ
ʯСʯȴСѶıԼа֣ôֻеаأ
Т
һЦʯСʯǼʶֻеа֡
±Ƶ̧ͷ
а֡
ǶĲУʵǰѶ̫ˡ
֡

֡
ˡ
֡
˰ˡ
ʯСʯôǰǰ˰ˣǲа֡ʯСʯ۵ķˡ
صֱӽϣʯСʯŲԣͶ˵˽յһ仰ͣͣţʯСʯҪȥ
ˣֻͣ³
һ³ʯСʯͱŸˡ
һΣֻüţȥˡ
ƼʯСʯܻˣʯֽӹģģûú̸̸
ʯСʯ֪ʯ˵ʲôæܻԼķ䣬֣ˣȥϢ
һȥˣҪ§ڻúú壬ٸԵĿ϶ͺˣڡòʯСʯˡ
̫ú塣
ݲݵĳ˷˯ˡ
һʯСʯŶζĳߵģߵĺ磬ڶ磬ľ緹Ƕˡ
ʯҪǺ˯Ͽ϶緹ˣʯСʯŶӡ
Ȼ컹ͼʯСʯŸСˣ̫磬ԴϵСЩᡣ
ζҲǶˡ
ʯСʯ۶ȻԥĳζǶȥ
һƣⲻа
סʯСʯ֣Сʯɣ
ʯСʯţʹҪ֣Ҳĳ
ζһǶţѵõģôһľͿôһ֡
һѽ˱𣬳ζ壬߰ɣõˡ
ڳʯСʯøղŶˡ
ҲţˣʯСʯƿ
ٴδ˹ȥҴˡ㱣֤´ˣԺʲôҶõǮҲ׬ġ
ǸͱʯһֱͻʯСʯʵЩɶģڸ๫ĲԣҲɣֲ
ǶƫƫᵽǮʯСʯʱһۡ
ʮ
ĿڣӲӲĳ˵
ɶæ͵˹ȥǼ˺УȺġ
ʯСʯ￿ųԾţţҲ
ֻðѲ˺еݵʯСʯߣӲι緹У
ʯСʯͶˣӲι˺зŵʯСʯߣԭ׼ʯСʯԵĻӲȥ룬ʯСʯͣ˺оͽȥˡȻͼʯСʯĵŴ۾͹ĹĵĽˡ
ʯСʯĻԵģǲܾġ
ԵĲˣţ˱죬Ϣһȵˣҽ㡣

57

֪һʮʯСʯˣԣʯСʯҲ⡣
ʯСʯʲôš
ʵǣʯСʯɶûɣ첻˵ˣ޴ˣԸʯСʯһƢ
ʯСʯÿȥɻæڣȻʯּҡ
ʯСʯһһĿˣһ緹û±ġ
գһͷˡŷ˽ʯСʯ˵Ż˵Ķ⼸˵ĳ´ĵȻ˵ȥ
Ȼػ˵ĶǼ䣬⼸䣬䶼ǹؼ
Ǽ仰ĽṹģϴϴǱҪеģΣ֤ҲУڳһδʯСʯĸˣ
ʯСʯŶ˵ֻ͵͵һۣ治бӵСġʵ˵ɶҲûϸ޷Ǿ˰տʼʱŻе㴥ģɶǽᱳˡ
ʯСʯ̾һƵֱߣˣȳԡ
ŷ㣬ʯСʯʵһֱţѾܶˣܵŶôûǶӲȻʯСʯǾԲ˼ſҪԵĵġ
Ŷ˵ʯСʯֻûô˵ͣӰ˳Է
ȰȣȰȣ˵ˣҪˡ
һߣʯСʯͣϵĻһڵġղŵŶ治˼ʵĿˮȥ
ʯСʯʳУղžŵǶֵţ棬ϺóˣÿԷʱǶĶӶŲʯСʯҲͳԹôһΣΣ˰Ķӡ
ʯСʯ˵̨ϣӴ
㣡һڡ
룬ճ˼ڣʹһŲƬ̣һӰͣʯСʯĹ̨ǰ
ʯСʯֻ÷¿׼кˣ͹٣Ҫʲô
ʯСʯһ̧ͷͼ㶵ĿĻʱ˵ˡ
ʯСʯЩգ˼ҵôйһۣ˼һߣ̻ץš
ʯСʯҪ߳ŭˣæװʲôûȭͷŴһҶˡ˵ţЦ˽ȥ
ǽˣҵ󴧺ãߵſڣҪ뿪ͻȻŤͷһԵʯСʯ˵컹ҵ𣿡
ʯСʯһţǹġ
߳ʯСʯʱ߲ŶӹЦ
ʯСʯ̿ˮС۾Ҳʱʱ飬֪װģӲǶţǵ뿪Ŷ
ӽ죬һ֮󣬺ı˳ˣĻˣҲûôʱȥʯСʯתˣҲ͸ʯСʯ͸
ʯСʯ֪¿ǼɻʵҲ֪ЩǮӳȥ϶ǻزˣͶҲ״ڼ϶ÿæʱ۵ȥˡ
ʯСʯԴܾᣬĺȥĵطģôۣǱϰ۸ˣһ˰ѻˣҪ˵
ٵĿʯСʯҲָġ
ʯСʯкܷ꣬ǰڹײ̶ѽûôۣÿܻأҲ֪ʲôÿ·ܻСӣҲģÿ̫ɽչ
ԽʯСʯԽǿ϶Լ뷨Ǳ۸˰ɣ
ƺ«ҲûͱͻƾҲ˵Ϊ˹ǮԼ̹ȥ
ʯСʯԽԽȥĸ۸һ
УʯСʯȥˣ̲סԼ˼롣
ȥʯСʯţ·ţʱ򼸿鲼ɡ
ǣʯСʯǮȥ˲ꡣ
˲꣬ʯСʯһģһ߳ȥ
Ҳ棬¿˼ҼҾӡ
ʯСʯװʵڿӣģţֻʱʱľ⿴һۣôģ˴ʯСʯҲûá
һԣƹĿʯСʯסˣ̲סչģҪҪ͵
ʯСʯҲЩ꣬ⲼׯҾʲô
ƹ˹ʯСʯԭǶ棬ʱࡣ
Ҫѽ
ƹ߹ʯСʯҲ˼ĥȥ濴˰죬ʲôûʯСʯֻ÷ˣĿ˲
һһ˼۸ʯСʯһƥۺɫĲֵǲ
۸̫󣬸·ոպá
ʯСʯ⣬Ťͷƹģƹģƥɻбɫ𣿡
ƹʯСʯҲʵģţҲܣ𵽣Уȵȣȥá˵ţȥʯСʯˡ
ʯСʯһܹɫģۺģ̵ġ
ʯСʯΪᣬƹģûɫ𣿡
ֲãֻʣɫˡƹЩǸ⣬һ£ʯСʯҪº»ˣ
ʯСʯҡҡͷˣºҶӸû·ˡ
ۼһյˣСܲ䣬þ·
ʯСʯǾˣѡʱһʯСʯͷǸɫġ
ֻʣɫˣʯСʯ˰죬ʯСʯѡǸɫġ
ǮŲ뿪ʯСʯһҰοĻСӵҲ󽲾
ԼСǰ۵СϺ޵·ģʯСʯãĴŻܿġ

58

õĵķŽ¯ʯСʯ˲溰뻶~
ˡ뻶һʯСʯæϵĻ˹
ʯСʯӹ̨ȥЩͭȥ緹
뻶˼һЦƷռǰ̯λûǮٷɡ
ʯСʯӲǰǮ˰ɣҳԸùƾͶȥˡ˵ˣ뻶ԼƷ֮⣬
ʯּˣĶǺʯСʯżģָ˸¯ڵ⿾
뻶ԼЩƷϾҪˣʱƴܼױƷܵױ
ʯСʯĵĸ࣬뻶̯Ӱڵǰ
Ϊʲô򷹵뻶ǶԭǶǰȥأҪȥҾ߲ϣʱ뿪ˡ
ʯСʯ˵⻰ʱʯСʯڳԷ⻰ˤ롣
һ̻̿ñõģϰȻȥϰ嵱๫ţɶ๫ɣ
ϰҲ߯ȱˣ
ô۸˵ģʲôöˡ
뵽ʯСʯҲ޶ʮӾ˸˵Ļ֪Ǯô
˳극뻶Ʒû̫þˡ
ӰصӣͭװãСʯȥҶˡ
뻶ˣԷǶۡ
ۼԽԽбͷ˫Ÿˣ࣬Ӻˣ˾˶۵Ļ¡
мͨǣߣۼϾҵ뻶뻶ֻãڿֻּңʱĲˣ뻶밢ֵͽ鶨ˡ
δ๫뻶ҪĲߣֻҪܼ޳ȥУܸܲûϵԼԼ
ʵǲģڶδȢʯСʯ֮ǰͲϲʯСʯ˺ʯСʯͶףʯСʯӴΣӡĹЩ
뻶ۻǲ󿴵Ĺߵġ
Դˣ뻶˿û¾ȥҶۣǽӡ
öۼôһûȢףô˼Լ
ʯСʯһ˼Ƭ̽ס뻶ȵңҸһȥ
ûʯСʯˣҪһǺϰ塣٣ᵢ⡣
뻶һҲĵͷǰ֣ȻʯСʯһȥ
һȥܿ˸뻶кˣʶ뻶ġ
ʯСʯĴһɨֻӲֻ̫ĸľǶæ
˺뻶кʱ۾ͺûĸС뻶ãû¾һȦ
ôˣõ뻶Ϳ뻶ԱվŵʯСʯæ˻ɫСʯ
ʯСʯЦŵͷǺкˡ
Ұ𣿡֪̽ʯСʯֱŤµģʯСʯҶģֵܾ㰾ͷ
ʯСʯ֪ģȻҶģʯСʯЦЦҾ뻶תת˵ţʯСʯ۶ۣŵǰе㲻һˣƳöۿͬԭʯСʯͬĵ·㵹ԽԽˡ
˵е֮Īмָˣġ˵뻶
뻶һصĵͷҪԼպãʯСʯһƿֻʯСʯΧŶתһȦôõ·Ͳ¸ɻŪˣ
ЦЦû£ֲأֻҪСĵ㣬µġ
˵ģʯСʯУʯСʯͲʹˣأΪɶ๫͵ÿô
ߺŵǶôߺŵĸأ
ʮȥˣɵ÷˼ˣƾʲô
һҲ֪ô˵ˣʯСʯʲô˼ֻùǮɻ
⻰ˣɻǿڶӣҪֵܣˡ
ۼɫԽԽѿʯСʯֵϰҲ̫ȱˣ๫Ǯȴ๫صĻ̫Ƕˡ
ʯСʯʲô˼Щ㲻ˡ
ôˣվʲô۱ʯСʯŪĪ֮ʱһǱ
ûȶǽͣԱ߾˵ˣǸСľָʯСʯϰ壬㡣
ң˳ľָķ򿴹ȥ룬ϤӰлСɡ
߽ĵСľָָָϰ壬
СľָŵģʯСʯһЦŶҵҪ˭ҡ
ʯСʯһӾϳˣ˹ܶϰ壬ʯСʯ׼ĺһ˵ĻУԸˡ
ֻΪǰʱ¹ԼߵʯСʯǰʯСʯ°ͣȻʯСʯҿʲô
ʯСʯŶϰ壿
йϵʯСʯһžͳƨȥ˵ƭң
һ㶣Ƿɶ֪ˣ
ƭʯСʯ²˵ô
סĵĴԸϰæɼܵ£۰ǸȥԺˡ
ƭˣ޹
ʯСʯָ˵üǮҪߺҹģô£ô£˵ţʯСʯ̲סϽ˹ȥ
ҼǵҸ˭˵ѽʱ˵ԺŻľˣŬţǵö˶˵ѽΪʲôʯСʯ᲻֪
ֵòɿһվſϷ뻶·Ĵţ͵͵һֻĶۡԭ˻
Ϸĸ˵ĶĪģͻȻһ˿ΧãҲãôоأ

59

ȻٴαʯСʯ˽ŵ£ǶǷǳ˵ġʯСʯƱˡ
ʯСʯڻӦ˵ˣȻýŻӦģ˵ĻǺܸˡ
֮£ʯСʯӵϰ壬ʯСʯʯϰ塣
ʯϰûǿק˹ȥҪƢôһ仰һ˲ˡ
ۣһΪ˺ϱ±۰ۡ
ľ֮һû뵽ϰ徹ȻôһСƺܺ˵ӣҪҪȥԺɶûϰҲչ˵㡣
СľСȶˣղŵϰ壬ϰ᲻᳴ң

һ˵꣬˷ӦקʯСʯߡ
ʯСʯ˼ͻȻͣŤͷԣʲôʱ뿪ӣʱӦǻûչġ
ʹʯСʯԼһ⼸ˣòæˣúúЪЪ˵Ż˸Ƿ
ʯСʯͷʾ⡣
߳ԶˣʯСʯͻȻӦԣôôˣ
ͣ£գۿͣ¸
ʯСʯ㲻Ҫ˵
ԴǶһ
صӣʯСʯС˯һ
ǱʯСʯѵģˣûؼˡ
ûȥȥתһȦͳ˵˻˶ٷ͸ˡ
ȻʯСʯ֣ʯǻָ
뿪Ӱĺ֪ķ֣Լˡ
ҪֻСָ֣ͰֵӰȻ۵ľͿ˳
ȻʯСʯлûÿÿ϶޹ͷƢ
ã˼Ҷǻˣپ᲻ǺԼȥô
ʯСʯֻЩ룬Ҳ֪ˡ
˾ôͺˣǰһҹһڴˣһȥϸɻ
һ죬ʯСʯ￴˱ͻȻǰһӰͻȻˣӹ̨ץƿۣԼȡֽ˼ġ
ʯСʯ̧ͷһ
һЦȥ񡣡
񣿡ʯСʯ˱
ֲͣʯСʯһ뾫ƷĶľʱ˼ҸǣߣôҲøлл˼ҡ
ʯСʯüǵúúллʯСʯӣ͵ʲôôȥЩõĶ
Ĭһ£ȻʯСʯһۣûǮ
ʯСʯһۣε̾˿ӻóһӣô

ӡ

ʯСʯӸķҲһߣԼ취
ȱǶӣ˶ʯСʯָ˻ȥ
˵ķ۾ȥˣԷˣǰڹײ̾ʶġ
£ġ
ȥ¥Է
ˣǲȱЩ򵽵Ķġ
Զ˵ĺͷ֮⣬˸硣
룬ʵġ
ʵҲ͸дĲĹԹʣͶõĸ˸ֲͼ
۾ģ͵Ŀ۶
˿ڲˣġ˵ġҲ֪˶ٱˣСͿʼˡ
ȻʷϵеĴʰģġġ״ѧα϶С
֪ǣǰǱĲģѧڶģﻹǵһ
ǸģдȺôʵˣǼвģõٻӰֿۡ
ĵҪʶ˭
ǰģǸǰĹˣȻ˵ˣֻܺ
ʲ˭ʧһӡ
һʫᣬһһʫѧʣı˳ҷ
ϾǶǰǧļˣҲġ
һٶǸ˹棬֪⾹ǼҼҾ̵ɺ֮Ҳˡ
һ棬ͺ˲١
յĻ֣û뵽񾹸Լ⡣
һȺһǼ⣬˺ü
˶ľҲͶǼռҾͳһϰæͣľҾߣûŶѵĺȲ졣
̽ʯСʯһʱŭˣ˼ҵϰ壬￴ŻƸɻ๫ϰͷˣϰɻûµ
˵׬ǮȻ֮⣬Ҳû뵽Ҳ
ȻǺˡ
죬׬ᣬ춼ɵˣʯСʯ
ʯСʯ̯ˣʰ˶Ŷ
⼸˶æûʱչ˺ӣԶһֱ͸ʯչţҲⲻġ
·ʯּſʱʯּſڵĵƾȻģʯŶſվţС۾ԲԲģŴͷ۾һգҲգ
ʯСʯεļҳһƣţ˦ĸˣͼûʯƵãɻȥ
ԶţֿСְüûͰˣ˯ˣΪסεĵͰ֡
룬ǼˣûƵãֱͣͣӴǰȥˡ
ĲˣС۵ģͺ
˼첻ȥˣֻͣ£ȥڻؼҡ
һûԼᣬ˵أȥ
æס·Ķġ
ʯֵ˱𣬶С˵ЦˣȻݺݵһڣãúϢˡ

60

ǱͰ£ıˣʱʱֲ̱̿֡
εĵܵ˳ͷߣʱʱճţ϶ճʯСʯһܴӴͷβ˯ˣķĵöĸ˯
û취ŶС˯ˡ
öľǹⱨ֮󣬾͹ȥһ˯ȥˡ󣬻򲼵ŽĻ
ŶΪ΢΢Сȣ¶мֻСС񣬶ûסһǻĳ嶯
һû꣬һ磬ҪȥϣĿţŶţһҪʯ֣ƴ
ʯӣ¶ĻɤӣȰŶŶȥϡ
ϣȽʯСʯͶ˷ʯСʯʼæˣ˽˶ġ
ôģճճˣԺճ֡
ʯСʯֱҪܲˣС˵ʱ޿̲ճǣÿ˳ģľͳɤӺ
֪йãֻҪһޣүүͲˣǾͲܶˣÿζС
ԴӽӻضģʯСʯܾöûйദĻˡ
üΣҪ뵽СҲճ˵㣬ãѱ֤ӻؼңһ١
漣ȥ
죬յƹţٶҵһҹײ̾Ҫ¿ˣպ󣬾ϡǰȥ
ƹչ˶Ķ࣬ƹҲȥһ⡣
ţʯСʯ
һӣһǶĸ˵ĶľĿȻ˹
ģʯСʯ죬ƹҪϿӣҵȥ˵ţƹƹȥ
ʯСʯͣĻûȥţŶ죬Ǿȥɡ
ʯСʯһһˣˣô죿
ʯСʯһۣҿԴζĳ
һתͬʯСʯҪһȥɣӿôãûúЪЪ
ʯСʯҲЩĶģȥϵĳ̫ûȥء
ʯСʯڵɽʮƫƧسҲرԶߵĻҪߺü죬ҪĻҲ졣
˵ʱͳ⣬һ굽ͷȥҪȵһȥĳʵ̫ˡ
ʯСʯЩĶ¾˾Ǿˣգһȥ
ôأʯСʯͻȻˣ
⼸ճǣҪȥǲô
ģ˹ȥ
ļͰֶڿһЦ˿֪ɶ
һ˵ģЩͷۣûӣֻܰаְæˡ
뿪ǰһϣͽ͸ʯ֡
Σٺûͷ
ܲܰСҲһȥɡ
Ҫ֪·Ϻܲ㣬رû׶̵СԶǸ⡣
Ӳģⲻȥ˺ѷεĿ޺ܻؼȥ
ڴϣ˲Ÿ˿˶ġ
Ȼôô򷢣
ϣľͱʯֱţ˶ҵš
𴲿ʱĻʯֻҭ
һʯ־ͽ˴ҹҶ岻ãֻܸͻˡ
˵ţצצűҪ
ӲĳҲĥˡ
ӹģ鷳ˣôġ
ʯֵҲڣӺ˺ѷΣҲžˡ
һ߽ţһõҶĵıԣĿŶ
ʯСʯڱһģæʣôͻˣ
һΣСӿ˴ҹûӣֻܽͻ
ʯСʯͦзСӽӹһƣӴء
ֱֱסϲ̵ڰֻ˯ˡ
ʯСʯŻСӣЦô죿ѵҪһȥô

ڶһ磬ľͱͰֽˡ
ڴϣʯСʯ档
Ĵ˸СǷŶĵͰ֣һ±ơ
Ҫɶ
ʯСʯһۣ˵ˣģֺ͵Ҫȥˡ
ˣҪߣæצץס°ڣ~
Ч˵ԴȥҪ
ʲôأ
ҪȥĻû̺ˣֻܳ׺͵Ȼֻܽڼˡ
ˡû̺ȡ͡ڼһҪƲæСҪ˻
û˵꣬æһָͷҪĶִˡ
Ҫ̣Ҫ
Ŷȣ
ǰĺ̶ĸû(Ҳ˺Ǿ䣬Ҫ)еͰڣû
ˣʱˣĻǰЩʯСʯɫ·һھ·ˡ

һСسʻһͨţ
ˣһֻ
ûõģ˵˲̵ģ·ֺҪ̣ʲôϺȡ
ξ͸·ߵСֻĸţҼ۸ҲڴĹһӡ
ͣ³ȥҪ¸ˣһӣʱ
ֻ֮ǰһѺɫĶӡ
ǵģࡣ
һˣֵߵߵҪȴ㶼ԸС˵
ŶûӣʯСʯæضȥצӣŶĳȥ¶һ˴ɨĺڶ

61

ϣ˼ҿջʯСʯͶİúãȥƹġ
ϲϣһҲϤ絢飬ǰȥ
ﲻϣ״Ķ࣬һ·С죬ҵˡ
ƹĿҵڵڶ졣
ҵƹĵӣƹĴк
ƹĻǺܼģѾһʱûˡ
ȹֵƹģϲˡƹʱһӶûȫˣɼʱƹĶⱻɶˡٿţȷʵһϲ¡
ƹĻϲϲˡ
˳һٷҪǣƹˣվҪˣЪһɡ
ЦžܾҪһˣ϶ҪµģҷɺͶҲˣڿջңҲòȥ
ƹĴӣүҲˣǵģȻôƲջˣôһ
Ц˶Ǹڣǻһͷţһֻءƹ˵Цհɣһһƹɱһڷʳ
ƹҲһ֣ǸСܳԶʳ
ٴλصջʱ컹ûڣʯСʯŶĽϹ䡣
๫ȥϵתתɡʯСʯʱʱǵĵ¡
ͷҲǺ˼ʲôһģõĻ۾Ͷѧѧ
˵ϵĵģжóԶûǼǮر
ʯСʯֻУﶮ͡
˱߳Ա˵ŻĶĳûצӣСָͷæźʯСʯ˵ĶһСġ
˰죬Ҳˣ͹ԹԵڶ
ҲΪ̫ˣ˶û̫עֱĿһķŽԼ
ʯСʯһץסצӣ³Ͻ³ҭš
޹ĿŽĵͰ֣ûǣԵİ죬ſʱʲôûˡ
С죬ʲôˣѾ¶ˡ
ʯСʯһӱˣû£ıƨɡ
һţͻȻһɩ磿
˸տʼûֽ˺ü飬ɩ磬ɩ硭
ŻͷȥһʯСʯʱ
ԭǸӡ
һʯСʯЦ˹ɩ磬ô
ʯСʯЩΣû˵
֮ƶʱˣǺǱйصġ
ɩ磬λǣʯСʯ˵˱㿴ʵ
ʯСʯǰ๫
๫˸տʼһ漴һߵָ𣬡ɩ磬㾹Ȼ޸ˡǶأöںεأ
վţ˿еĶȻ˵ĲǶˡ
ˣʯСʯô˵أЩʯСʯıá
һӣһ͵ָһС
˵֮ǰн𣿡
˵ƵϵĿһۣ㻹Ǹˡ
ϣôһ˵ɫЩÿ˵ҲûֻȽɩ磬׷ɶ£ôͶַֿˣ
һɩ磬ĲУʼյʯСʯǰǵļ£޿ɷ档˵ţʯСʯҪ뿪һ˴ԭء
龿ô£Ըһɵ
Ϊνļҳǣòó˵󣬴ʯСʯ˺
£ʯСʯô󵨵ֻΪάԼĸ飬ʱҲǻᱻġ
ʯСʯһ첻£ز£ˮõӣʵܲںûԸָܱ
֪ҩǻµģʯСʯи߹
֮⣬лиʣ
һ봺ҩҪԭ
Ҫ֪ҩЧҲǸܹãԭô׳ȥһһӣһ봺ҩҪ
Щɡ
Ȼɣû˵һûԭļ䣬ҩôȥģ֪žͷʱֻ˵˵ˣɱˡ
һֱһһ˶Եһ󣬾Ҳûֹˡ
ҡʯСʯЩ԰ףҪ˵ģǸˣǶͬ
һʱ˼ԣֻ˵ͷţ֪һĴ磬һѲµ
һԣʯСʯЩܵĻɫһף
һֱһʯСʯڶǰ˶⣬ʯСʯģûһ˵Լɺͱ֮ʲôһ㶼ġ
ûȫУΪС꣬Ϊ¶⣬ͶжԼ¡
֮ȥ·ϣһֱ˼ţû˵˵ʯСʯҲ˵ֻϣҶҪᣬ£ȻһڣԺ󻹺ǰһҸһ
ǣʵûаʯСʯ
ڶ죬Ǿƹ˶ˡ
ȥ֮һĶҲЩˣͽĽʯСʯԸȥļ̣˿ջȡ
극ʯСʯϻ˶ģͷβϴϴӴϾ˯ˡ
Сľ˯ڶʯСʯм䣬һκ͵˯ôҸ˯ţֱֵ
ҹĶĸһСƨɣĨСС鲻Ը˯ˡ
ȿŶĴС࣬ŰĴ˯ˡ
ڰУһ˯£Ѿ˯ŵʯСʯ۾
๫Ͷӵ˯գʯСʯзࡣ
ǰСǵûӵ£ֻ๫úùӣӡ

62

дȱپϲ
ʯСʯоϲûУŵǽӶͱ죬졣
죬˶
ʯСʯʱҲǺģΪӵͬ˵жֻͻȻˣ˼룬ˡ
ǣԻʯСʯ֪ũҸΪʲôҲ
䣬ˡƺˣ߹ƺкġ
һ˺ױ˺
¾ƱϹϵЦݣŶ
ٴοʯСʯѿ·ֻˣ߿ԶǶȲȥ
ʯСʯֻҧҧڶǰñѾˡ
̶̵ļʯСʯߵļ尾ˣͣ˶ǰ۶Ȼͷ̸Ȩ
һ̣ʯСʯһ򣬾ǰ
ͷһۣĵôͻȻͣˣ
ûû¡ʯСʯЩ⣬ɻҡҡͷ
֣ûǾ߰ɡ
ûäͲǵö
һԣЦŶĶˢľͺˡ
ûססĶ
ãȻĻعͷĿⶨڶϣ𣿡
Ȼ۾ǰǰǾηġ΢ģӣ⻹ǵһΡⲻ
˿̶ĲĮӣǡǸʶƵá
һ̽òˣûã
һʶ
ǰһ磬ٿһԵͷɫ԰׵ʯСʯǣ
һԻʶû
չʾķȣ֪֮䷢һЩ£ҴӲ㣬ϾǻǱֵܡܡ
˻һԵöƷˡ˶Բ£ûƽϣǼƽֱֳ֡
û뵽ҺʯС̾
죡ɫһµõ˵ʲôһԺܲڵʯСʯ¶ģ߹ȥŶѹװȵӣģ
Ŷѿʵ鵽ô£Ҳû취֪û˵ҲŸԼѿ
ɫһף⻰ʲô˼ѵ֪ˣ
ɣ뵽˰С꣬ҲͰС֪ˡ
ĭʹԼƽͻȻŶͻȻðһֵ뷨㲻Ƕ
˵꣬ͺˣԶ̫ˡ
ǰȻǰʶ㲻񡣿ǣһģҲһġȻԸˣҲû취͡ղų嶯ˡ
ǣ𴽣ȻˣԣҲǡ
˻һз
ǵģиܡ
ʯСʯлԼĳ裬ʯСʯ̫ˣرСԱȵ¡СܵԼķɣ
ֹһεĴ˵ʯСʯĸɣܹˡɵİС֮󣬶Աȸˣ޷Լиÿܴķɡ
ȻᣬȴҲûԼ飬ǶԼδ;κ۵㣬ƶɣñô
һֱ̣ҲȥͬʱͰСĹϵҲԽԽ
ںʯСʯĹϵѾԱģ룬ʯСʯ¶ѱ
ͰСԽԽˣʯСʯΣУȡǳʩ
±ʯСʯСе֪ˣǸָ˶
ǷŭŭʯСʯ뷨
󣬶һϲԽƾͼƽ˻ʯСʯĻԼ
Ǿ˶ôһ
ΪʲôǶΪ۸ΪͰСлԼ
죬ʯҺͶμһ̸Ļ£˶æһ̸ֱϡ
ʯСʯĶɫ
ڴ㽫ʯСʯ͵֮ǰʵţҪʯСʯ͵ϣԼһñ
оᣬƶɲǱ˴ñͬ
ȲȢʯСʯҲԸñӡ
ǡǡǶ
ͷһԼħˣ˼
ħĶȡĺҩʯСʯһˮ󣬽֧ȥȻϺҩ˸·æĶ
һжô˳Ȼ˺ҩʹҩĶ˶·ֻʯСʯȥ˷䣬˵Ķٳ档
Ȼ֣ᷢʯСʯϡȻʯСʯġ
ҲܺߣʯСʯԭҪҩ˸ȵģö
ɶû뵽£ԭĶһ̣һĶǾ
ڶϣ׽ڴʯСʯһƣû߳ܣҲʹ¡
Ȼʱûмûǵöҩ֮ʹȥˡ
µĶڶ뿪˴ӣֻΪ̫ġֻԼ֪ߵġ
ٺһֱԸӣ
ֱһȥˣӵͰõϢеĿ־彥ȥ룬ˣǲǺҩҲпܡʹȥֻΪʯСʯµĴҩ̫ˡ
뷨ˣû뵽һ˶
Ȼ󣬱ǽˡ
Ļش𣬶﷭ϡ
ˣԭˡ
ڵĶֻǸ֪Ĺ»Ұ
űĶЦˣҲ֪Ҳǣ
ô֪أ
ˡ

63

ȥ·ϣʯСʯһֱڶ룬˵ʲôȻöɫ
ǰ汧ŶģҲŽ顣
ķӦʣɱԭ֣ǣɱģȫȻ֪֤ݣҲûС
~~񣬶ڿˡ
˼أŻСԼ¶ЦݣĶĲֵСӡ
ңػһӵԼİӵԼĶӡ
ļֻԼɵЦʱˣŤСƨֱУ~~
ΪĵĴڸжţֻܵû
ίı˱죬û취ֻúԶһʯСʯְ~ְ~
ʯСʯ˼Ҳ˻ȥģһĺְְġʯСʯʱ־ˡ
ΪɶӻẰְ֡ͲẰأ
ʯСʯû̾ʹӦĺίֻ˵֣֡
ɶҲ˵޷Լ˼Ȳ˵Ķķˡ
һ룬ͣˣͷŶģ޹ͷӣͬʱ´
ûĵ
ɫˣӣĲйͰˣû
ʯСʯһĽ㱧뻹ûüͱˮעֻڿĶڶСȡ
һͣ·м䣬ͣ˺üӣڼ䣬Ļһֱһţһ߲ͣЪķˮ
Χţˡ
ղŻжˣС˵ߵͽֵжˣ
ţȼ˶ĵĿӣûбʪ˿Ͻ˱ֳ
ǲµģҲûоһ߿⵵£ֺǵԼˣ
һ·ڣһ˿ջ
ȥʯСʯʰŶæź˯
ں˯˶ģл˼顣
ûԭļ䣬֪Ϣ̫ˣҲżڶ档
˼ڷӣۣóһֽ֪дһĿȻЩ
ʱʯСʯϴǸʱԭĶʱҲѹʱ
ûѹôʯСʯͳɱ֡
žôһ¡
ʯСʯ˵СĽ̸ʱŷµģô˵°С֪ġ
СꡢСꡭ
Ĭ֣֪СʲôĽɫأ
񣬲֪Уֽд˰С֡
ͻȻһӰ˹̧ͷͬʱæסֽ
ʯСʯ
ʯСʯ:дʲô
ȻܸˣҪ֪д˰С֣ʯСʯǻˣ˰죬֪˵ʲô˰죬վͱ˾䣬ע˽
ʯСʯһĬû׷ȥԼԹԵϴ£ϴ˯ȥˡ
ڴϣ˯ʯСʯȴһûҪ˯˼
˽
๫Ȼ˽ˣ
ȻǵһνӴʣʯСʯ֪ʲô˼ġ
ͱڡ
һ˯Ķûй˽ʯСʯίǰһѹϴ裬ѹ˯˯Ȼ·(ҪΪڣ˼)
ǶΪʲôͻȻ˽أʯСʯһͻȻеģ롭ĳйذɡ
ȥô
˴Ҷܲ죬ȥ·ϣҲû齻̸
ȥһǽӸʯ֣ʯСʯ˯
һ·ֱˡ
˯һ죬ڶ죬˲𴲿ʼȥϹ
ʯСʯĵӲͬļҾжۺͱľ뿪󣬼ҾҲһֱš
ʯСʯߺûģֻʱˡ
ûţէһţʯСʯĺá
ʯСʯǸˣжæأȿˮϸԸʱ䶼ûС
ͷʱûЪ£æȻ죬Ҳߣӹȥæˡ
Ϊ̫æˣԶûʯСʯټġ
ľͻȥЪš
죬Ϊǻصһ㣬ǶĲ֪ʯֶ֣ʵ˼ͻȥˡ
ڴϣȥһŻȥţʱû·
ʯСʯһѾ˯˵ˣüͷʯСʯ⼸˯һֱû·˯Լʵʵġ֪ǲ̫æĹϵʯСʯ⼸ջҲࡣ

64

ʯСʯ⼸գĹԣǰϲߴߴͣ
Ѿ˯ʯСʯüǸúú̸̸ˡ
һȥӣôһʱ꣬ʯСʯѾӵһʵĿˣʯСʯջ⼸죬֪һϢĿ˸顣
ĵĺóԡһʯСʯĳͣʳϰɣ첻ͣʯСʯ˵㲻һֱȥһӣǼĵζûã۸Ȼô󡣡
ʯСʯֻЦЦûе棬˼ӿ˶ˣ۸ô⻹ôãȻĺõġ
ʳӵϰɽкԾ˲ٵģʯСʯԣǼƣֱҪõĵ緹ˡ
Ծϲһߺ죬ҫҫҵ⣬ҫ๫ҫĺӶ
ʯСʯǺϲҫͬʱǽ˱ĺܵͣһҵľԶõġ
ȻϲʯСʯϣԾĿ˶һ㣬ͿԶ׬ˡ
ԾЩӯţͼһĺӹˣԾ
ԾȻ߳ȥǣסӵ֣һ߻ԹǵģԼȥͿˣҡʯСô˼๫ô᣿˵ţʯСʯҡҡָ˱
ʯСʯӲĺ˱𣬿ʵϣһ㶼ˡ
ʲô˼๫ûô᣿
๫Ҳÿĺòã
ʯСʯصôûĶӶˡ
Ŷ˽ʯСʯһǶСơ
ϰ˼æţͷСƴŴ
ʯСʯɫһʧ䣬ȴҲû˵ʲôӹʹСľȥ
ûûˣʯСʯ͵Ҿһˡ
ȥʱ򣬶ͷ󺹵ģǶæš
ȥ߷ӷŵǱľͷ̧һſ̵һ߷ԸСơ
ûע⵽ʯСʯĨ˰Ѻɻ
๫ʯСʯվ󣬼ûӦֻÿڽе
ԻعͷȥЩϲķ¹߳߹ȥʯСʯôˣ
ʯСʯӺŤţ˵˵Ļ֮١
ʯСʯͻȻ˵ġ
һϲʯСʯɫһ죬ЩЦô
ͬʱʯСʯҲϵľϲȡˡ
ʧˡ
ǰĺӣʯСʯһһˣǻһӣ֮ĸԲһӰġ
ڣֻ֮ǳһС⣬ʲôأ
һĦԺ󻹻СиѽЩССĦ˱òֵһᡣ
ôһ룬ʯСʯ￪࣬ɹҶۡ
ĽŲһ٣ЩίҶʲôѵһӣȻΪ
ʯСʯһۣ뻶Ҫ̸飬ûʱö۸ҡ
һۣͷŶ
һ̣һתͻȻסʯСʯʯСʯһֻ֣ʲôҵ𣿡
һġ
ǸġʯСʯϳϣĵ֣̫ˣֲϲġ
ҪģʯСʯֽóľҪԼ˭˵Ҳϲģ
һ߳һڻһ߿ʯСʯʯСʯЦˣǴڵĳ
ϣһһ͡
ĪĻ࣬Ϊ˸ϻ緹ûء
ʯСʯϣûģɢ֧Դ
ͬһϣԴǰСȭͷľ롣
һӣԵĲ˾ͣ
һ̧ͷͼʯСʯ֧Դ۾һգգǶԡ
ʹģմ˵ӵʹչȥҪʯСʯ
ʯСʯЩȥ졣
ִʯСʯ֪Ĳ˲죬ܹʯСʯ¡
ûˣҪʯСʯҲܾ
ȻǾһӣŲס
ʯСʯǣưư죬ʲôоġ
ʯСʯԴĻش𣬡ղʱ˸˶ˡ
õ𰸣ˣʯСʯյ㣬
һͿһ棬ǺԭҲˡ
ֱͶ˱ע⣬ź˳ȥ
ƽЩԼɶͿ£ʲôѽ
һ־ö󽲾æһ緹ʱ䶼ʡˣһʱ䱧ˡ
ʵǺûб
뵽㣬۸ˣǵģ죬ҲӲ۵Ļš
ߺʯСʯ˼ټȥҪȥŵӣ뿪ˡ
Ÿ죬ûζĶֻһʵĽߣٰһж㵽ͷϡ
źʯСʯˣҲû취ֻܼɻ
磬ǰµȡˡ
룬֮УǰøռĶ
ûͬ˵ǶԶӡһֱͦõĶЦǺǵĽӴ˶
Ŷﲻ̹ǰ˹ȥʯСʯȥˡ
ȥʱʯСʯ¯ŵģǰ׼Ҫġ
ûгС߽ȥӱסʯСʯ
ǶϲӵʽʯСʯģССģڻˡ

65

Ȼеģһ뵽Ǹףֺ
ʯСʯĪĸʧˡ
ϻصңʯСʯѵȥһζġ
ˣʯһк
ġ
Լ˵꣬ʯͻȻһɫһֹӡ
֣Ƿʲô𣿡ʯСʯæʡ
ʯ죬˵˳ȥӱϴ·һС
С
ʯֵͷС£·Ͱ͵ûﲻ̣͸ˡ㶼ûС޸ͣСĸèƵãҲССģݵġ
ԣʯСʯһۣȥһ
ǿŵģǸ׼ȥһƣ˶ʱɴ۾
ֻһ߳ſһۣû˽ȻһĻعͷצצ̽˼С·
⿴ȥȥСצצŵĵطȻСС
ʯһߣæ߹ȥģצצһ£˼ҿװ׵С׼
һ飬˼꣬ʯ⻰ܲҪӸɣ
ǸҪģ˷˻ִŵҪ˻ȥ

ûʯ֣ʯ
ĺĵӣίĿСצӡ
˳ŶСٿٵߣʯСʯ˹ȥʱˡ
ֻСȼ¶һСɫĲ
ȻǶĵ򲼡
Ǻɫģϲǿ
ʯСʯ˹ȥֻ򲼵һǱק˳ĵСֻڻ裬ʯСʯεĿӣǱקġ
ʯСʯʮ׶еĲģϾôϲǿ򲼣æ˱ĹԣǼһкö򲼣ǿ͸ܵ˺òã
ԣı˱죬§סʯСʯļ磬ҲҪǿ򲼣ֻ˰οһѡ
úðοһģ³Żȥ
СҲ֪˭ҵģʹ˼ңûһʶû취ʯֻʱš
ǣڱ򲼺ֱ̡
ʯСʯӿŽıȥ졣
ɶľһ̬ģĲԼĲƲϻȥͰ͵ڴβҧ½ǣۿԼ򲼱ţԼ̱˺ţԼС˯š
ãҪŰ
ĴʯСʯߣҲãҲи顣
ʯСʯһŵĿŶֿ˿Ķӣʲôѽܽ飿
ȥ󣬶ˮˮǰʯСʯ뵽ʲôƵã˵ٵ㡣
Ҳû룬ˡ
ʯСʯ߳⣬ϴʱź
ȻЩźҲûϣշ
ò׵ʯСʯ˴˴ʯСʯʯСʯ·졣
ʱһֱæټʯСʯһֱ״̬Ѿþûˡ
ʯСʯžĵ֣һۣע˽
˽
˽ʲô£
Уǽ첻Ѿͺ
ʯСʯĵĿһۣȻתȥһƨɣ˵ô
ܿ뵽ջ£Ŷʱð亹ˣѵֽʯСʯˣ
ʯСʯᣬʵ
룬˰֮󣬾ı첻ʯСʯʱŭðȻҡȻһŽ´
±ƵģҪʲô
дʲôǵú˵ǻġ
֮ʱʯСʯͻȻŭݣε̾˿ʵдʲôҶˡҪһӵķ򰡣ֻ׿ڸһͶѡ
˵ţʯСʯסֻ֣Ҫ˵Ҿš
һɣҪ¶ڶ˵ˣСʲôûϣҲʯСʯǶᡣ
ֲʯСʯǰһЩԣԭֽϵݱʯСʯˡ
סʯСʯ֣ľͶ԰Сûɶ뷨ˣõġԺҪ̸СˣúùӺòã
ʯСʯĿŶһһֵԭдǰСꣿ
Щ£漴һֲԤͷֶڲʯСʯǡթ
ֲá֣ʯСʯöֱԼĸо
ѾģǵһʶʯСʯôܲںأ
Ҵˡ
ʯСʯһ߿
֯һԣϴûж԰С
ԭ԰СʯСʯȻ
עֻΪ
ðԭҺͶйԼ
ֱѪ
ǴĶЩۡ
ŶѵõľᣬʯСʯǸ泩
Ͷһôʱ䣬Ȼ֪ͰС׵ġ
һᵽСˣͻȻô׽½ҹȥ

66

ȻʯСʯ̸ˣɶ̸ġ
ѱֵݸʯСʯҲûбˡ
ԼĴ͵Լ̣⼸գܵĸڡ
ʯСʯڵҲ۵ģǿ˶۵ģǱʳɸ̼ġ
һ٣ȻǶ๫æ
ʯϰ壬˵ҲиСˣ˰֮⣬Ծû¸ɣϲȺӡ
ԷǿˣʯСʯŪ̫ѿꡣ
ȥģȥһ꣬ˡ
ʵϣĻʮ¡
̫ˣԾһ֣ǼСҲ꣬ԵĻ˵ǻ׼ҡ
ʯСʯЦˣϲԵ
ⲻӳòÿ
ʯСʯʱˣº˵㣬˵˲㡣
˵ŷˡ
ʯСʯһƼжʱá
ȻԾкϰʯϰͷ
ͷȻʯСʯڵЦЦѷŵʯСʯǰ
кǺԾЦǺǵľͳ˵ˣϰ壬˵иССӣҼиСҾŲҽס
ףӲŶ·ءҡҡͷӻСءôˣԺҪԸأ
ǷЦɶҺ๫ͽףõġȻԾ˴Լ๫ĸ顣
ȴζɿڡ
¾С˭ûϡ
룬ڶСƷʯּſһĶģͺʯִкѶĸȥˡ
ȥϣʯСʯѶĴǺ֣ɶıС죬Ͱ͵ĿʯСʯһӾˣæ˽˹
ûˣʯСʯͱŶ
ʯСʯĶĿЦͻȻһʯϰ壬ˡ
ϤĴɤţŵʯСʯ˶ġһ룬ʯСʯæķŵϣڹ̨
ʹ˹Ծ٣ﻹŸСŰɡʯСʯĥ˸ʣͦз
ûǺԾҵС
һû˵ڶԾͰСˣöúÿӵĺãͬء
С˵꣬ʵ͹ˣˡ
ʯСʯæӭȥɽҪʲô
ԾûֱҪȥӵĲšһźءҽȥ
ʯСʯȻˣе㲻첻ˣ죬Եġ
ԾһźԼӸʯСʯ˿ҶѶӴˡ
ʯСʯһҺԾǺģмҵӻмҼҾӣӼ޸˼ҲģˣҪǶμССӳòÿ㣬Ҳǿܵġ
ʯСʯζɿڣֱ˵ۣҪӣ˺Ծ
źԾԶȥӰʯСʯ˰ѺİΪǮ׬ˡ
ʯСʯҲΣӳôƯ()ζܱԾۣȻҪûꡣ
һ뻶Щ£ʯСʯողǻúõô
ʱɸʯСʯͷˣȻҪţ룬žŵġ
ʯСʯæܹȥš
ôôʰˣʯСʯôȰͭ壬ƽպ޲һ춼⣬ô̯ˣ
ʯСʯӹǺԾˡ
£ͺáȥĶͻȻҪŵӶסˡ
ʯСʯһۡ
ʯСʯĪҸ
ε̾˿Ȼıô£
ٲȻѾ˯ˡ
ʯСʯǰӵʲôˣ˯ͷڵˡ
ʯСʯһ٣ڨЦҪıģͻȻˡ
ЩΪʯСʯЩأû뵽
˷򲻸ҽʯСʯˣҲõȹһӣܷĵöĸʯСʯ
ȥʱ˯Ķġ
ڶ˯һľˣоڶԱߵСϣһ߿Ŷɻһߴ˯
ȥ·ϣʯСʯŶĺͶ˵췢¡
ǳ飬ʯСʯ˼ФԼò绨Ķô
Լ͹۵˵Ŀǰȫ׺ÿÿҪ˵ص㣬Ҳࡣ
ʯСʯ̫ˡ
޷⣬ʯСʯǸС
û⣬ʯСʯѾ۵ˣٹһӣۺ뻶ҪˣʯСʯ϶Ъһ졣
뻶Ͷ۳֮ǰмҪ
Ҫ׼ˡ
굽յͷܺãȥǰ´ꡣ
ɾû꣬ʯֺͶҲҷɣͣЪȥׯڡΪĵʵ̫ˣȥĵأʯּﻹв١
ʯˣǲµˣĻˡ
ʯСʯۣǿвٵأ˼ֵܶ࣬Ҿ๫һ֪Ҫɵʲôʱȥ
ǣʯСʯҲŰµȥˡ
ʯСʯʯ֣ҲҪµء
ֻôӦǣֻһ㣬Ǹ̫á
Ϊʳ㣬˸ӵļӳ
ʯϵ͸ʳˡ
һ˶ڸɻӾû˹ˣСǸãĴľͲôˡ
һǣʯСʯСȥ޵뻶չ˼죬ʯϵš
ʯϵׯʱͽҲš
ׯʱͽķׯȥȥʱٽķųȥ
ôػأʯϵŶڼ֮˺ü졣
ÿδүƵãڳϣˣүүתƣҲѵõ

67

ׯ⼸죬컹Ǻȵģرϵʱرȡ
극㱧Ŷ
ʯСʯĿŶбŶŤŤȥ
ĵԴСʯĵͷ٣ҪǸˣ
ʯСʯۣЩҲ˹ȥҵͷôࡣ
һӾͼˣƽʱͰֶ鷳ûһһء˿֪ڴͷע⡣
ʯСʯ˵ţ۶ŸСҲˣʯСʯæӶ
£˵˻
ҾҪȢ뻶ˣôͲ̤ʵأоƵãҪǸ뻶Ȣؼˡ
һ߽µĿᣬһߵĿ˶һۣʲô̤ʵĵط
ҡҡ۾ǰ·û˵Ҳ
һҧǰŲŲҾǶԳԺûס̤ʵ˵뻶ܹԹԵĲڣҺúù𣿡
һۣȥ뻶̸̸
˵ɫһ䣬⼸æܼױʱңҶһûˡΪԹ
뻶˵ˣͷŬŬܶܵܵ㡣⼸ûûҹֻʯСʯӿ֮ȥٲȻæȺѼ졣
ͷʾͬ飬ʵҲ뻶뷨Ϊʲôôִܼױ
ʯСʯ˲ˣܼױôˣǼҾã뻶Ҫ޹ȥһˣȻҪ취ˡ
۲ԸʯСʯһƽϣתͷʶأöǺӣӦһȥ浽ܣ಻ÿ
˽߶˹رǱʯСʯţǶʱðһ˿
ЩԹ۵ģ˵ľͺãﻹҪѻ
ҲЩԣҲԼԼ˵ˣһ۾Ŵˡ
룬ŶģʯСʯŲŲԭ˵ҾСʯ˵е
ʯСʯʱˣȻӣһȥϴˮš
ʯСʯˣһŶ۾ĴĶģһ˱
İû˲١۵˵ģ󻹸̾ĳģҳ˶ʮˣǸûǼôֵġôģ
һˣһѽı˻ŵӻȥˣСݰͰ͵ģǲŲء˵ˣӸոպá
һ±Ƶı˻ȥ¶һ±Ƶ˵ɶôء
ʯСʯպˮ㽫İ˷Ŵϡ
ı
·Ҫߣæĳֽš
ûǳ˷䡣
ûãֻˣСԡͰˡ
źԡͰ˫ָڶҸ£Ȼ
Сģһϡˡ
ʯСʯҲæһ˿Ŷģһ˸ϴ裬ûþϴˡ
ĲɣʯСʯСʯ·ˣһ
ʯСʯ˵ϾҪ˯ˣͲ·ˣҿ鲼ˡ
ӦţȻš
飬һڵģһġ
ԭڵĵģǶϲɫû취ˡ
ϴˮʯСʯһƣʱŭˣô򲼣
ӣҲίķҪɫġ
ʯСʯû˵ʲôǹĸ˱ѡ
ʯСʯڱһأǱôһӣôϲɫأȻӻʮ¡
ʯСʯţû¾ͺ˯ȥʯСʯֱȥ
Ӷˣ˯š
˺ܾãʯСʯðѶڶʯִкȥʱҲĴš
ʯСʯֻŽȴϻиӵġ
ǣɱģ˺Ծ
ڽʯСʯܾᡣ
Ծ˶İ죬üʯСʯ˵Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ʯСʯûɫˣûе׼Щ˭Ŀɰ
ʯСʯһ춼ˣڲŷ֣Ǽô׵¡
磬ŷˣԶƵǶţͳ֣ġ
¶С~
Ľӹţһ߽ʯСʯ
ʯСʯˣô
ʯСʯ˶죬û˵
һʯСʯģҲΣʯСʯʯСʯҲ˵
һֱϣ˯˶ģʯСʯ˵˵
ͻȻһ󼱴ٵֻգȥš
ۣ
Ƕۣһץס֣뻶ϳȥڶûô죿ô죿Ѿϰ뻶еĴڣҪ뻶ʲô¡
æοżż˻ؼҵĳء˵ŶҲţڴϿ϶ǲ˵ȥˣ磬һ磬ǾȥѰ
ļҲû취ϳȥҰ޾Σˣֻܵˡ
һģˡ
Ҳû˵ʲôһ
ڶһ磬Ľʯ֣˺뻶ļ˱ȥ뻶
뻶һû뻶һ˶û˯һҲûǮҲ֪ôˣ
뻶ؿ޸ͣ뻶ҵԸҪ˼ңҪ޳ȥˣǧҪʲô¡

68

һȺ˶Ҫˣ뻶ȥĵطÿסĵطǶȥˣһ
Сţһ뻶СϸϱšڣѾˣСʼû
תһȦһȺֻصʯСʯĵ
۶ʯСʯĵſڣһδε޹ʧ˷硣
ȥĶˣȥĶ۱ԴѾ벻뻶ȥʲôطˡ
ĬĬûȥοŤͷ˿ʯСʯʹһʯСʯҲһ죬һһˮûȣ˫ֳڴ
߹ȥסʯСʯ˽ȥһ˵һˮɨ˴һۣȥٰɡ
죬˵ʲôģջǱ죬ͬĽˡ
ϲҪһ˲ѣ뻶һСڻûҵ˵ʲô
۲롣
ڴ֮ǰȥʳЩ˻Ҫȥˣ͵ȳԱ
һһڳкԡ
ʳϰܺãҲ㣬ɴһθڶûС
̾˿ٳԵɣԱ˺ˡ
ֻó˼ڣˣû뵽ʣ˲٣νʣʣռȥſʯСʯ
Ϊ˲Ӱ˳Եĵ飬Ͽ˸ĸӡ
ҿҪ浹ͻȻһ룬뻶
һƣŵĲ뻶ĸ
뻶֣ѵõ˸ȥ˳Ŷ۾̲ס۾һ̣һѽƿܵǰ¡
ֻ뻶ڿԴ˫ȼ䣬ŬʹԼڿ
С֣һַıһַ䴦˴ӿﱧ
ҶʱΧ˹
ʯСʯ£æｫС̺ã˷
ҵˣ˶˿һ˻ţ
ȥҴ򡣡
տ뻶
ˣȥ˿һЦû¶Сֻ̫ˣ˯ˡ
ߴʯСʯҲŶϢϵ뻶˭룬뻶ʯСʯǰ˯ˡ
뻶ϻزȥˣΪʡǮ˯
⵹пܡ
һ飬õˡ
콥ˣ뻶ûҪļ뻶˺Ͷ£˴ؼȥ
Ƕǣţһţֻȥˡ
ʯСʯڶԣ뻶һӶڳ棬۱뻶
ȥʱĻû˯Ŀ뿪ǣţȥ
ڶ뻶ʯСʯӼЩƷ˹ȥ뻶
뻶һʯСʯͱصĿ
ʯСʯһûûˣһѽƿˣ쵽ô£
ûеõο뻶ЩίɤӣǳવĿʼˡ
ԭ뻶żѼ쵰ĳײһλɧƯ壬Ǹִ󷽰ô൰һȫˡ
ͻ뻶˰һץסͻ͸˼˵ˣǶС
ˣȫҪˡ
뻶ӣôһؿڣŵͻš
Ҫͻţ͵֪ط뻶ҪŴȥϵط
ǴȻǲԸģ˵˾䣬ˣȥ˸õĵġ
뻶ôһô൰˴æΪʲô¾Ͳӵ˵ˣģҳһ⣬û˹ҡ
һСԼһ˹
¾ʹ˻ȥš
뻶ȥĵطһ˵
ʱЩˣסĵطΧİӸֵĲС
ﻨ֣뻶СģһǼƣȾܡ
Ҷ뻶Сܵ磬һ·Ǵе˲׷˹
ϵǽ뻶ֻϵʯСʯͶˡ
ӵŶǹŵģ׷ĽŲ뻶ûط㡣
ż֮ʣ뻶ʯСʯſڵű˽ȥ
һϣͼȺŵػصڽ뻶ڿ˱ĽġȵɫŸ˯ȥ
ʯСʯԣŤͷʶǲǺϴڽһˣ
ͷпܡ
ʱ˹ס뻶֣뻶֪Щ˵סǲϷŹ뻶Ҵȥ١
٣룬ͷȷʵһʵ̫Σˣͷɵģʵڲ˷ġ
ãҸһȥ
ˡͻȻ뵽һ£ЩĵĿʯСʯʯСʯ룬̽СʯǸǸ
ʯСʯ˸ۣǲ˵ðСҲȥ١
ͷĬˡ
µǰʯСʯٲϲСҲȷˡ
СǴε½һ飬۱ͬһȥˡ
СסĵطƣŶƵġ
ʯСʯߵſڣ˺üζû˿ûˣһƣžͿˡ
沢ûˡ
ʮƾɣǽģѾʼǽƤˡ
ΨһļҾ߾һڹ̨ûУʯͷš
һéݣõı죬Ǵˡ
ʯСʯҲһĬû뵽Сסľĵط
Ҵţһƣϵ£ĻҶԶƵ
ȻСѾܾûлˡ

69

֪ǵڼΰҹˣֻû䣬Ĩ˰ѶͷϾǺ
˿¼˯ô˯š
Сл֮ȥ
СꡭҲģ˭ðС·
һӣҪӭȢҵĸˡ
ڴйǣʯСʯģϾѾˣǰС겻ͬرΪԼ˸ӡ

Сú܇ǣǿиסĵطԷ϶û¶٣ẢӺȵˡ
ƽڲҩΪ˻ǷϴծʣµǮĲˣӺȵ̶ܱ֤
ÿ֮䱼С꿴ű˼ҵĺӰװֵģĺССĲζ
ԺӲãû취ˣûأǮԼҲԲѾܻĶˡ
ٵ֪ˣС汻ĵˣ̲סĶˣòȥҶأ
ĺҪһֻ
գСͶ·ȥҶǺԸˣǾãǶģóǮӡ
С걧źš
ּСǸǺӣͲԸǮ
ͱˣСһֱԹޣÿ֡
Ƕʱ֪ҵĸ̸ۼޡ

Сʧˣȥ֪˴峤
Ǵ£峤Ҳӡ
С궪ˣСĺҲˡ
ˣҰǰЩӼ˸Ӥ֪ǲǰСĺӡʯСʯԴ峤˵
ΪС곣Ҵ峤æԴ峤С꺢ӼΣϵðСĺӵģ¾͸ʯСʯȥʯּҡ
ʯ־ڼſţŸ˯Ƶá
峤ʯִкСڴ峤档
˯ú㣬ŵվû
ʯּˣºӶţ͸̺Ӱš
峤ŵĽҿ̺ӣָϡͷͷܿ϶˵ǡ
ǰһһߣȻˣҶӡ
СʯºСˣ͸ˡ
˽ȥˣС˯㡣
˹ȥҪ峤ͻȻֺˡ
һȺ˵Χ£溢ӻ򲼡
峤һ棬Ȼỻ򲼡
ǫЦЦƬ̣ͽ򲼵ĺ˹
򲼼䣬Ѿˣܹԣûпޡ
Сձ񵽵ʱ򣬺ͶһȣһǺݣǷɫƣֲĻɫ
ʯһӣĺã̺ȣȻеݣǱǰˣҲЩ
˶һţǸоҲģǼĲһ
С۾գգֱĿŶƵĶûסͷʯСʯ˵Ҳ
۾ö̫ˣһۣҪӻؼ˵
ʯСʯһ죬ûӻ
峤һƣû˵ӹϸ顣
̲ס²ۣǾǣǾͲǣô춼˵
峤üűǰֺЩЩҲƯЩ⡭ǡ
˵ţʯֱŶҲˣҲ˹ʯűţֻצʯֵļ磬ġ
峤۶¶ȣ̲סֵ࣬Сӡ
ʯСʯͶͬʱһڡ
ȷˣ峤뿪ˣûС
ȷǰССôҲͿȷСʧпһˡ
ͬ뻶һ𽻸峤
ʯСʯﲻæͿʼԼæԼˡ
˵Ǽһº
ʯСʯʱ壬϶֪ˡ
뻶ײǸѱˡ
С֮ʧˣǱ˺ˡ
ԭСһ˿ͷûУڶ֮ж¶˳һʯСʯСɽĸ;ѣһСĵºӵ¡
˳ϣﲻʳ˭ҪСꡣ
˻ǶҲû뵽һֱڶһֱǫѷȻЩֻҪæǲܾġ
һˣô£رǰС껹ùΪһӡ
ȴһҲ⣬ܶԭĶ֣ݺʯСʯܺô԰Сꡣ
ΪûɱСֻ꣬ǹ˽Сˣֻ˹ꡣ
ˣģһɱس͡
ѲӣֺԺмʮ߸ʬŭ⼸һ̡
ЩеǱԸɱģеǱץΪɱģɫ˥ʽ򱻵Ӵġ
Щƭȥ˰潵ĸ߶Ż˼ҡ
ʯСʯСɽľġ
һʱˣҵ֪þ£ۼˡ
ЩոͥѣȰȥ潵һʱû·
ʯСʯżȻЩ˵زپҵˣԸġ
ȻҲ̤̤ʵʵĻȥ
ˣꡣ
ʯСʯ޺µıոҲҹҺûոҺ๫ܺúܺãżСìܣȴȻȥ
ӵʯСʯҲһ¡
ҺʯСʯû¡
ŶĻؼңϣһڴϣӵһһ
ʯСʯ˯ˣΰ֮䣬ƺһϸȻ
Ƕۡ

70

ۣʱһ˹
ĻЩԺĶ컹˵Ҫȥҵ԰ң㿴ⶼˣ˵˰ֻǰһݡ
ֻĻһ֣һ飬
20xxxxxx
ⲻͱǰ
һˣԣϱأأ
ǵһ§һ˯á
ͬʱμҡ
๫˯ʯСʯûĽֻıŶ˴
ֱŶ緹Ѷ
𴲳ԷʯСʯŶڴߡ
ϵˣüëһֱŵģ˯һֱü
ʯСʯЩԸ۾۾˲䣬˵ʱ
ʯСʯҼʲô
ʯСʯЩˣҪĶģô
ȫȻʯСʯ˵Ļ˭Ǽҵģ
ʯСʯЩ㵡
ǻʲô֪ĶҪ~
һ˿Ķ㿪ˣ˸գЩˤ
ʯСʯæģЩˣڸʲôɣӣǹ
һ˿뿹ܣ漴϶ܣҽķǰСꡣ
ôȢʯСʯôܻȢʯСʯȫǲܵġϾôʯСʯ
ٴδӶС꣬ʯСʯһʹЩίҧ촽ǿᣬ˵ҪȢСꣿ
Ȼˣ붼û룬͵ͷˣⲻӦõôСδɡ
˵ҪȢĸʯСʯһ壬ӭ϶΢΢ЩȻ۹⣬ʯСʯĿĲһ˿ˡ
~ٴСצӡ
ʼüȻ߿
ʯСʯץĵ֣§ڻŰοš
ʯСʯţſǻҧãҹ
ʯСʯĹˡ
ŻصʯּҪƽգô˵ȻҪһģǽûС
ΪųϦԵˣİˡ
ʯСʯдʱиԼò˼뷨ǰȫ๫
ͬĲ̸๫ӦղţʯСʯܲԱ𺣬ȫһġ
ǣ๫ովǰȷʵ๫ָôͣ
Ψһһǣ䡣
ʯСʯͻȻһʹĵһգﲻһˣ
ƽգԸͬú˵ģǸոա˵ҪȢСꡣ
ŶڴϣʯСʯͻȻһۡ
Сʯ͵ˣȥˣöȾˡ
ʯֻʲô֪
ʯСʯͻȻޣ§Ŷ壬ڶĵľѣ죬סҪҭ֡ҽ졭ȥˡ
СʯԣʯƿţСʯô
֣ءڰǰʯСʯ̲סԼί
20xx
ָһ㣬Ҵ޽
.ķС񾭲Ƶÿ˶һۣ޽㵱ɶĩˣֲ˾䣬ϽȢϱӲ
ҡҡͷЩӻѰ𣬶ȥ
ܻȥء
ţЦ֪ûڣʯСʯôˣôˣʯСʯǳƢ᲻۸
Ҳã̧ʻ˸
˹ȥиޡ
عͷϱġ

ʮˡ
ʯҡ
ڶ죬ʯСʯģŶȥϼĵӡ
ȥʱǶζţ
Ŷϳͬ˶ͬĿʯСʯĬıŻʲô֪۾תŵĶϳ¡
죬ȥ׼ҰСܴ꣬ȫ嶼֪ˡ
æµʯСʯι˶ģȻŶȥ˽ϡ
壬Щô
һǮ
壬ȫҪˣҲҰɡ
ǮʯСʯȽķŵϣȻʹø첲żѵı
ЩǰǶġ
ˮ°ͣۼҪ£ʯСʯֶֻڲֲֻ߿㣬첽ߵӡ
Ұɣ
۲֪ʱˣæӹʯСʯӣʯСʯЦ֣ڳĨϵĺˮ
ʼźã˵۶Ų豭ʯСʯǵ׷ʲô£ûӡ
ʵʣ㣬ҪʯСʯӣȥ׼ҰС
ʯСʯһƵվ޴Ѿ˯ŵĶġ
ʯСʯɬҪƽգȻĿģöôġ
û֣˾͵ڳ϶Ҫˣˡ
˵ʯСʯȻһ˿ԼÿЦϣ
ûء
ȻʯСʯ֪ԼЦϣǴġ

71

ԴӶĻ·ˣʯСʯҽĽʯִˣʵ̫ˡ
극û£ȥתתʳʱ򣬶ܻһҡһڵĸšҪߣҪҪڶŲŪû취
ǰգ۴ֻС̹˹ǹСžԼʮ첻ӡ
ԭǲҪģǼŶأһֻˡ
Ƕ˵ˣһһѹأʵû취ˣŲòˡ
ֻôӦ
СˣǵжģŪֻѣСȦ
ÿιʳˮٴɨ¹ѣ˺͹ܽ
Ŷû£ڸʰ˼䷿ӣˣܲϺʯСʯסһ顣
ĵĴʯСʯǷĴΨһǲһĵطǴܶΧ˸߸ߵľ
ɸѾסˡ
֮⣬ʣľ˵׵Сߡ
ʯСʯȻͣˣҲû£ƽû£˴ĳȥתƣڼģʱʱĸʯϵʯ͵㡣
ܳԱˣʯСʯҲ˲ٳԵġ
ĵĵرС̣ʯСʯر֣΢һܽãǼСȫ⡣
֮ʯСʯŵöץųԡÿץһѣ
ɶСצצô㣬ץʮԵҲʣµľͶˣʯСʯۣöһ󼸸Լü
˶ĿһģÿζҪץһѣԳ©©
Ĳģû취ʯСʯ˸ӣĶӴ˸СڴСľͶ棬֪ĶˣҲôˡ
ÿζĳԶţָĶװСġ
װһģʵҲԲ˶١ǶǸ󷽵ģһˣ˾ͷСġ
ץĵצӱĿˮӴʯСʯȥˣҲʯֲоǴЩĵĺӡ
˵ҲѵˣڲԶи߰˸µС㣬鷳ϸСû飬ֻ鷳ˡ
ʱһã϶ʱʱŵСģ˹ϵϵĺá
϶һ챻ʯͻˣʯСʯü˸ˣһ죬ĵ·Ȼܿˣ̫ˡ
ȥʯСʯһ߸ϴţһңҶĽûӣȻͲֻһ·ˡ
ʯСʯԷʱʯСʯûϴ꣬ȳ극ϴ
Ǽ鲼ǸĲƨõģСƨۣƨϴƨõĲʯСʯĺò
ò֣ȴڣȥˡ
·һߣʯСʯ͸Կʼˡ
ҲʮϰˣԴɨ鲻СƽҾͬʯСʯСһɨˡ
ˣһ춼ûµʯ֣ڶȥʱȻһ
ʯСʯֲò˼ӣʯֺתˣŽſˡ
ʯȻЩˣʯСʯ򲻸ҰѶĶʯִŵģҺչȥϼ˲࣬ʯСʯҲǺæĴ´ࡣ
еʱʯСʯʱȥϹһ䡣
ãȴæĲУʱвʱףҾߵĶ˲١ʯСʯͷʱ䶼ûˡ
Ҷ뻶ʱѼ쵰ģʯСʯĵӲͬ뻶ЩҪģЩҪΪ๫緹ÿĶˡ
뻶̯ҶۣȥʯСʯͷ
뻶ȥͷ綼ûٻӣֱ緹ԼһʱңʯСʯͻȻҾˡ
㡣
æţ̧ͷһۣ˵ɣء
ʯСʯ½ǣǻط˵
˼ˣֱ˸á
ֻóЦЦʯСʯȥˡ
ȥ˸ڷüҾߵĿշ䣬һԼϵľмһô
ңҺ˴ˡʯСʯ˵е㲻˼
ԣһ٣ʯСʯûţô£
˵ʯСʯҲЩίⲻҡ
ԭʯСʯ극һʱûˣţŶģ뻶һ֣·Ͽһ˵ģžͲˣҪ
Щӣ·ԽˣټϱȱСߴ壬ȥԽԽˡ
ʯСʯˣҲż˴Σ׼ˡ
뻶ʱҲ׬˵ǮѾˣܼױˣǮͿԣˣĸĶͩ壬ʯСʯó߸ͩ塣
еû£뿴Լ
Ѿܶ˵ˡ
˶öԼȥ
ڽˣŶһһߵ߹ȥҲ˳
˸˵ݸģͦͦСӣ˼ͩ塣
֮ǰһжֱǴӶĶͩ塣
ûǴ彫Ķ߸ͩ嶼ˣһֻҪͩ塣
ɶֵ֪ߵߵߡ
߹ȥ뻶ʯСʯһĶͩ嶼ûˣʱŭˡ
Ǵ󷽵ˣͩҲðװˣο뻶ѪǮҵļһſŵġ
ֻȥˣȥҪǮ
Ƕ߹˺ôһˣڶ֮Ǵ˼ˡ
˾ôȥǴȻˡ
ҪһʯСʯһ뻶ǵ˵һһһʹžžʹˡ

72

뻶ڻ˶أҾæˡʯСʯ˵
æǴˣ
˵ţһʰ׼ȥ
ʯСʯίĵͷڻ£˭뵽๫Ǻ«硣
ûٴɣæʵʯСʯɵú˼һȺ˴
ûС죬ʯСʯ˵Щ˶࣬ǳǣҽҩѡ
ֱ۸˰ԣ£Ȼ溰ۡ
ۺܿ˹ɶ£
Сʯ˴ˣҴȥ
ҲһģֻǼʯСʯû£ʱ
ʯСʯ磬ûס˵˾䣬˵ôܴأ˫ú˵
ôһ˵ˣ뻶Ҳˣ˻Ƕ˿ء
ԣ۶ʱ죬Ҳʰ£׼ȥ
ʯСʯӣȻͷȰĻŷš
Ŷƣǡ
ѴҶȥҪܣ۶ʱԲ۾ԭţǴ£˺ú˵˵ôˡ룬ӣֱӾҪȭͷˡ
һۣȥŻŻˡ
ȻС£ι˶۸ʯСʯˡ
һľ֪ϰ۸ﶼĻ׼ȥæ
һϰߺȣľ壬Ҳ𹤾ߵЩȣΡΡ˹
һ飬æ壬Ͳȥˡۿš
ȻһƱ˾͸Ŷľȥϡ
û㡰ˡš
һˡʯСʯһѱסվڼ󺺶涶Сȶ뻶
ҽҩǮˣ
ʯСʯ°ͣ๫ˣ̸ɡ
˵ţһƱ(׼ȷ˵ĸ)Уۻһѵ˹
˸ĶƦƦһЦŹߵһĻ۵ĵģһɨΧһȦڵ˵Ҫҷҽҩѣ
λεĵڸ̫ǿˣԭֱ׳˾߶˿ĭ
ٿһ۶ļߴĺӣҲûסһ
ǰһҷ˭ˣơ
뻶ִִִָָ壬
ĵĿһգʱ
ƫƫøߴЩﻹŰѵͽƵá
Ǵӡ
㣿üñƭңĶˣôû
ں̲סһ飬ǴԲĺȦ
һӶڽ⣬˹ˣʮҵӹˣվһߴẺӸǰͲ
ˣֲ֪˺ˣʶ࣬ûûţղҿˣԩСˡ
ĵͷûžͺãô˶ţɱԺҪҽҩѡ
ͷкʯСʯ뿪
ˣǮûء뻶ѪǮ뻶ʱʱš
ŵͷһۣæӶͳǮݸ뻶
һȺʯСʯĵȥܾ˵ʲôһʱ벻
ˣأԭǵ֮һĲڡ
ʯСʯŶأúԾæš
ȻȥʯСʯӣԶͿר־ˡ
һˣ˹һﻹˡ
߽һûбġ
˸գЩί~
üûŤͷʯСʯ˵ϲϵġȻк˽
ʯСʯСＷãһֶˮ裬ԺŶģȥϴצӡ
Ļǵһγˣ̫óˣһʱûó꣬ʣµĻкöࡣ
ӣҪѾĲӵˣˣϿˣϴϴ֡
һҪˣľ۵װҪ޵ӣһæŤͷȥЧˣˣר־վٵĳ
û취ֻܵŶĳꡣ
κζС̫Сˣûгǵľ飬ԳԵر
ɵƵãӣֵĽֵԣŶĳǡ
ҲûɶģҪǳԵӣеǳӦ
ǣһֶˮ裬һŶֽȥˡ
ʯСʯдˣŤͷŽĸӣ̲סüôûϴˣ
ҲΣҪǿǳ꣬þͿޡ
ʯСʯǿŶģģǣһڰɡ
ʯСʯʵԭ˵ǡģһǿմˮӵǣʯСʯ㽫Ǿ仰ȥ˵ǡ
ȻĻǺТ˳ģ£ȻĽǵݵߡ
Ķ뻶ոǮ
ŶĽǴӿóǣһ˿ˮӣҲ̲ȥˡ
ֿһһԻЦŵʯСʯæŶĵ֣ʯСʯͣԣֳ԰ɣϲˡ
ʯСʯȻˣæ
ŶĵĶҲġ
϶С۾գǱ۾ס˶ĵݹǡ
һǺ󣬶˵Ԫˣü궼ûٳԹǡ

73

ʯСʯͣǿմĿˮˡ
ǿǣԸٶһȶĳ꣬ٸϴϴ
ڡ
ţʯСʯķ
ʯСʯ뻶˵ͻȻһɪ£Ҳһ£ʯСʯûз뻶
ɶ۸ϳջĿ⣬Ȼͷ˯Ķģ̲סСӡΪһæһ磬ãʲô֪ܳ˯
˯УǱҵ֣İȭͷ˹
ֻջ֣Լ·ﴧ˴
Ǵ죬̫ů͡
صңȸİˣŽСϣȻԼˡ
ϴ˸裬·
ʰʱʯСʯѾϵ׼ϴˡ
һѴӱ
ʯСʯǾһֹʲô֪Ƶã޹ҹԵĽ˶һ๫~
ȻܾôʯСʯ¾ôҹȥǶԶ˵Ƶãô£ϴ趼ûϴɾϴ˵ţ˳ʯСʯɿ˽ȥ
ûϴɾŶĶʯСʯһ˵
˶֮˵һʱԽԽˣֹҲˡǣһѽƿ֣ڡ
޹Ŀʲôֻǿ費Ҫٰϴϴ
ʯСʯһţ㹻ˡС۵ˡ
һ£һʯСʯſԼĴϣƨɣȻ־žžž¡
˶ģ۾Ϊڰΰ˯״̬СĽе~
ЦŴչȥԴ˯
ıû˯ѣǱԼĵͰֳģһ˳ëſſſ¼˯ˡ
ʯСʯĵҶŶģӰڶиߴ
ٴκ˯ģⶺʯСʯһƨɣһ˵ģɱѧ㰢֣ҪԹȻҪƨɵġ˵ţ¡
ʯСʯ˳ӵıô£ЩôߣҪͻȻʯСʯһƷϣ쵰۸ˡ
ʯСʯˡ
һ㶣Ҳû뵽ЩǰҲôξˡ
һĿˡǹؼ
ԣæСģĶ˯ˣ㿴
ʯСʯͷһȻ
ŤͷԼڶϵƣʯСʯЩ飬æ
ϣ˵ĶڱʯСʯˡ
ڶϣʯСʯȻͣûйֶɬصʱ򡣡
ǰʮʯСʯӣ˼˵̫ˣ˵ļǰˣ
ϣһʯѾǼ÷ˡ
ʯԿǶڼңɶ£ʯҲЩ
ʯҪǸǴŶģĴ人ĪҪˡ
Щȣֻȥ򣬶ԷȻס
ǴӦ
ȥ˼ȥ֪ɶ͸ӣרΪ׼ġ
ȥ˲࣬ĪԺȵе࣬ӹ͵ӣһ˾͸ֻСУ͸
ʵڲɶ˭С
;ܾˡ
һж˳ܾˣĪȻźȴҲǿ
ڶҪСлĪ֮ʣʯСʯŶĳˣ˹ûп׼Си˵ġ
üȻﱧţǾҵģǿҪġ
˷ܹܵվм䣬߸ߵҪ
ĪЦ˵㲻ҪҪġ
ĿĶģʱŶ˵ġ
Ǹ˻ȥ
ҪԼǶһֱֻһֱֻŶġ
һһģء
⵹Ǵʵ
ȥ󣬸С̲ϵӣһͷġ
ε̸˿Ȼǣÿ˵㣬ɺôȹȫЩºӱҧš
ͷüͷʯСʯģССô׳µġ
ʯСʯȴ˳׻һͷģ
ĪʱȶˣԺӱĵطҪǶ̫Ҫˣ֣˼ҺúõĻ硣
ʯСʯͷ̫ˣԺúúý̽ȻҪ޷ˡ
ΪȻ̫ˣܾûʲôһٲܽģȥ᳤ܻܿˡ

74

һͼʯСʯƨɣſڹǰһһﻹ߶ʲôû
һ߽ȡһСƺš
ӺùˣЩʯСʯ˵ĳëֶð˳ÿջҪȵСơ
ڴߣʯСʯһѽ
ʯСʯһСһӾ˳ӹǶʯСʯϡ
˸ãѾƵݵʯСʯߣ
ʯСʯһŭﻹʣŵ˶һš
ǰãһʱԽǰֵľԽԽˡ
ٺһЦʯСʯҪס
ʯСʯһƣ߿
ô׷ʯСʯ֣ϱϱܲף
ʯСʯһΣȥˣͼǣҡҡڰڵ˽˷ܵĴе~~
ĺܸˡ
ʯСʯһһ߿ôˣ
֮ŷԣˣĲؼȥģ
һ㶣ûлشʯСʯ۾ͻȻڴŶӵ۵ָͷ
ʯСʯҲƼŶӣҲĻˣû°ɣ
ûشһŶӡ
ĶˣҰʯСʯæȥ
ҲЩԣǣ˹
ûˣ׶ģû£ȥȥȦɡ
Ū˸Ȧÿ϶ĴȦｫǣǣȥտʼɶģ˶ԼҲͻˡ
դܵͣҲԼء
ô˵ˣĲٻɣǣλƵĳȥˡ
һߣæ˻~ۺ۰
ʯСʯһ㶣æĵ𣿡
Դ׾Ͳˡ
ʯСʯʱһڣﻹװģŤͷȥʰӣ
һˣۣûƭ㡣
ԣʯСʯźӣ̾˿Źһ߰ղŵĵطһã˭㶯ֶŵģš
˿ĲٺһЦû˵ɶ
ϣһ˯һŴϡ
˯мʯСʯ췢飬Ȼ˲û˵ʲôǺܸӵЦЦ
˵ƣİצƵóͷȥԱȽİ֡
ʯСʯҲЦ§
ͻȻʯСʯģôйζһ˵ͰѶӵĻȥˡ
һͷЩίĶģæοıסʹףô㣬һ㰢Ŵˡ
֪ģǱʯСʯʾˣҲ޵ŵһζȻ󲻶ɫԶ˶ġ
ʯСʯûĵСģţûζɺˣ׵ģܻȾϵġ
УʯСʯߡ
ڶһ磬ġ
ֻһһСԼ
ʯСʯ˯㣬ûĽǺñӣȥϴ
˷ȥи𴲣ʯСʯѾ˶ˣܺýС
ҲǿˣֻССһˣȻԺ˯ԴһһġҪ·һ㶼ϡ
û취ֻС̺·һһʯСʯ˷ʹŶȥʯ
ʯѾöˣճ극ھ졣
ӹŵĶģʯֺüûˣҲе
ʯһӹҪҿ̺ӿӡ
ѽô·أھӾһ
һʯھӻŸʮССһ죬ǵǵǵˡ
ʯæ˹ϱҲһΣɿһæʯָ˱
ǰʯСʯ˾䣬֣Ҫʹ򣬲ÿ
㻹˭ʯһۣʯСʯһ٣ԼӣֻÿĽ
ʯСʯӣЩίǰٴֶûô񲻹˵˾䣬Ĳʹɶ
Ÿæˡ
죬ʯСʯܹӣûȥŽǵǮ
ǮʯСʯЦͷԶ˵ǿܹһˡ
ԭǴصģһһũæôۣû˵ص£Ǽֲػ
ͷܵ㣬ӰɣҲˣʱҲЩ
ʯСʯһ뵽ӣͶȥ飬̲ס۾Цʹĵͷţ
ϣʯСʯȥӶģʯʯҳ˸
ʯСʯߵʯַҪѾ˯ŵĶıȥʯסˡ
ЩĵĿʯСʯĶӣľҰɡҲģĶôˣóҪӣԺʹˣͲˡ
ʯСʯѵһ죬Թѵ
ӣҲġ
ʯСʯʯ߳ȴûдģæʣأ
ʯСʯûͣһŶߡ
ô£ʲôˣȥ𣿡׷ʡ
ʯСʯЩ˼ͣС˵˵Ҫӡ
ǲ߶ģ¶˸ˡǲ˵Ļӵֲһ
һ㶣漴ɵЦʯСʯĶ䣬̫ˡ˵ţᶨһðʧ
ַˣӲʲôģҪעص캢ӵĹ̡

75

ŰӴʯСʯĶæȥʯСʯˮ׼ϴ裬ʯСʯڴϴڴȻĬĬñסԴ
ḧŸ룬ӻ᲻ѾĶӡ
˶ŬţһºʯСʯĶӵǺһ㷴ӦûУ뻶ﴫϲѶ
뻶ֺǺǵʯСʯҪעɶ
ʯСʯ֪ɶ
޹֮ǰʯտţ֮жʯֻʱʱĹʯСʯʲô룬ֻҪԺúȺ˯þС
ʯСʯһ±ơ
뻶һʯСʯˣͬ˵Ļ˵֮ǰ۰Σ֮󣬶۰Ρ
ʯСʯҲΪˡ
ʯСʯ£뻶ЩĲɡ
뻶Ҳˣʲôˡ
ʯСʯԥ£ʵ˵ˡ
뻶ôһºչȥʯСʯ⣬ԭҲһֱûӣ۰˵϶ȥиӿˡҺͶȥˣûǾкˡ
ģʯСʯЩɡ
뻶ԼĶӣҲƭ㡣жΪ֤
Ҫһȥ顣뻶䡣
뻶һ˵ˣʯСʯǶᡣ
ϣֻѹ˹Ǽӡ
ʯСʯæ㿪ûõġ
ʯСʯϣɫʱһڣûã˼ǣúһãһӣ
ʯСʯԲ˼ͣͼ׼ȷҧʯСʯ۵Ĳӡ
ʯСʯһÿζϰ˲ӣ֮󣬲ʪյġ
εûپܾ
öȥӣܵøôǣ
ôģһʱ
±ϣʯСʯڣϵš
ʯСʯʱḧŶţ΢΢ͬ˵һˣһȥɡ
æţʯСʯƣûй˵
ʯСʯһҧֲȥ
һܺʯСʯˣв
ҸˣﻹйŲŵģʯСʯιñģ¾͵ͷӦˡ
º󣬶һ£ȻüףΪʯСʯˣǴӦȥˡ
ȥǸ죬ͽ¸۽ˣȻʯСʯȥ
˵˻治ǣʢܿһԶԵķ
ĺţȻʯСʯ˴
ó㣬ʯСʯݸһ˰ݣҪ¿ͷ
ҪͷˣȴˣҲ͹ͷӣˣЩֵֹġ
ʯСʯɲЩˣֱ㶵վţס°ڣק
գǱקˣĲ鲻ԸĸʯСʯͷ
˵㶯һСֱЦ
ʯСʯûͬƽϣͷͽסĶ˳ȥԼת
ûԶȥɢɢĵģͷ쵽ˣȥϣʯСʯ׼ĵġ
ʯСʯһתҲįΪˡ

뷽ʯСʯһλѣѾˣȥˣʯСʯû뵽
Сʯͷ뷽һӣŸС
꣬ʯСʯЦŴȥ
뷽һĺӸ߸ߵģһӡ
뷽ŵСһ¶ӣԼһҵӣСԻ˵
ʯСʯǶСȤЩ
Ĳ
ʯСʯܹȥҪץס뷽֡
ô뷽㿪
ʯСʯЦЦӡ
뷽Щȣһˣ
๫ءһͳȥˡʯСʯٺһЦأ
ԣ뷽ССԴǵС죬뷽һᣬԸ
ʯСʯֺ뷽๫к
뷽޳ȥ˾ͼûˣʯСʯҪ뷽úһССС뷽֡֡
뷽ֻöʯСʯЦЦ˵СˣǸİɡ
˵ţ뷽๫óһֽݸʯСʯǴõǼųԣǾˡ
лʯСʯЩΣ˵Щʲô˼Ѿˡ
ʱҲ˵Ĺ˰ɣ˵ţʯСʯ˴ط£óĺˮݸʯСʯ
ʯСʯղŵįʱһɨ⣬ӹĵģ㡣𣿡
ЦûҪιң
ʯСʯЦŴӦˣҪιģͻȻһ£뵽ϲʳͽóιߡ
ʲôţ̽ҧһڡ
һڣɫ죬Ȼ޵ȫˡ
ʯСʯ棬һҲȵģóԣһǳĵİɡ
ʯСʯ˷ѣŶҧĵط
룬ʯСʯķӦȶ
ģʯСʯæ죬סĸŻ
һæˮιʯСʯʯСʯıȵˮɡ
ʯСʯûкȣһ£ңҿǻˡ
ʲôˣһѽס
Ҳ̫ˡʯСʯӵס̲סֱ֡Ǹչ㣬ûһˡ
һˣʲô£ӣҲЩʱˣôܰҵĹƵһɶأ
һ£ΧĿ⣬ʯСʯһ죬æⶪ˵뿪
ȥ󣬶ģʯСʯȥϣһ´򣬽֤ʯСʯ̫ˣûС
ʯСʯ֮Գ£ֻΪˮ̫ˣġ

76

صңʯСʯŵġ
ûлУ
׸˰찡
ԴˣûжʧжˣʯСʯԺʧ䣬ǰҲûƽֻǰο䣬˵жˣҲҪ̫ǿ
ʯСʯһ£Ȼ˵ͷ
Ȼͷˣæ§ﰲο˼䣬ȻȥʯСʯȥˡ
˷ȥϴ룬ʯСʯϢ
ϴٳʱʯСʯѾϴˣ״̬Щˣе
һЦҪ§οҲһʱӻأŬ˵գҪʯСʯ
룬ʯСʯһƿ
Щ㶣ô£
ֻʯСʯҿӣϺȻŸֺ򣬻һ˿ҵ֡
ʯСʯ̾˿ҴûǸˣ˵ģҲǿ󡣡˵ţһ£ᶨԺڽӴָֻˡ
ҧгݣҲھͽĽӻɣ
ңھͰѶĽӻǼ˼
ȶкӻʮʮꡣ
˵ˣѵʱ䣬ԭúõĶȫĻˡ
ʯСʯ鲻ãҲû˵ɶȻʧ˯ˡ
һֱʮ죬ʯСʯÿϾͽקϴ˯̲סˡ
ʲô˼ŶˮʯСʯסҪͲ˯𣿡˺ӣû
˯Ȼǵ˯
ʯСʯ⼸ղ˹˵£û
һʣʯСʯҲ̫ŶˣЩ˼ô죿
ȥ붼
ƿţջֺǺǵģŰִƵЬӣһ߽һ仰
Щ±ƣ漴ֻСһС۾СỨ
ǾȻҪߡ
⼸һֱͬͰ˯ŵĶίˡ
Ҳ˶ģʱЩͷˡ
ô죿ʯСʯҲָСỨĶġ
˶ȥˣľ͸ˣરવµ
ô죿һѱģߣߣղŶġ
߶ĵ²֮
ǣÿ챧ϱֻܱš
Գ֮£뷨
öȥʯСʯ˵СʯҲˣǸ㣬ȥˡ
ʯСʯЩԥ̫С˰ɣ
ҲСɣˡǰ͸׶԰ˡ
ʯСʯЩԥæ㿪ɣʱͬ亢ӻҲʵ㣬ơʵڲУٽӻ
ʯСʯͷ԰ɡΪ˶ӳɲġ
ڶ죬ȥѧá
۶ӣ
ͷ
ǻɣ̫ˣҲ͸նʮж
ﲻµġ
Σ׼Ҿߣ˸ɣҶȻС㣬죬Ϊأܲٿǿǣ
һΪ˺Ӳǿ¶ӣӶˣ
ˡ
갡ҲСˡ룬̬һ֮ǰǿӲֱӴɡ
֪նˣʯСʯǺܸ˵ģͶһӲˣʯʯϵף
ʯϵǸˣһûŻĺӣ˳Цһӣˣиʶֵӡ
ʯϵᣬıŶĲ֡
ʲôֻ֪үүĻĺ̡
ͻȻЩûˣôС
˿̣һӸ˵ӣĿġ
Ƕģģȥ飬ҪǲӦٻԺȥξ͵档
ôһ˵ʯϵȲӦˣ˵Сƣһѱģ˶һۣôܵأ˸ãô϶ܶ顣
ٴܲס˵ѽ
ڽǲ⣬˵Ҳὲѵľ͵ö̼顣
Ŷģʯϵһߺһ۾һգһգĶģӵһ飬үүȥ
ʯϵ֪ѧġ
һӶ֣أڽ䲻˵ȻԤŶıͻؼҡ
Ҫˣܿʹˡ
ǣССѾ˵ͣЩĽĿŶģҪȥ𣿡
¶̧ͷ֪˵ʲô˼Ȼͷ͡
ʵСҲ֪ʲô˼ԼҴ˵ʱһĽӣ;ãһǺö
֪ҲͶģھȥ飬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
Ȼ֪żޱȻˣԺѾˡ
ʯСʯ˵ҪԵĻ˵ģҪ⵵ڲöȥʯСʯʯҶģʯСʯˡ
Ķۣ͵Ǽʶɡ
Ҫˣ۸֧ʣʯСʯ˱īֽ뻶˵ͩ壬ʯָķ˸С飬ʯϵȡʯܵ˽Ǯ˰ӣһ顣
һһӹ£ʯϵ飬һ壬һǷ¹µС顣
ֹ
ʯϵЦզڶǸ˵ġ
ûɶʱͲ˵ʲôˣĬĬĽ
жԼеΣָ֪Ŀ϶ѧʲôģѹһϲԵĸװ
죬ʯʯϵǣʯСʯ뻶ۣæµСˡ
˵ˣһͺˡ
ѹѹһ˹ЩãûڸмĶģʣأ
ʯϵŶǰһա
ôĶģһô
ʯϵŶһֻצצ˵
ıĴӱ˳տʼſޣˣ̣һýˣ̣죬˵˰춼ûȵĿڡ
̫ˣһ鲻ᡣ
ɶҲ˵ӱݸ͵Ǯö죬ʰء
һ£ӹģȴǣô꣬ûĸѧأ
޶罻ˡ
İ˱ţԭǲģһݸһСóԵģעϱתˣôģıѧá

77

ʯСʯ̯ļҾˣǶĵһѧʵûסͬû׵ĻжȾƣҲ֪Ŀû
ţܴɡ
ʵ֤߹ˣľͱ˹
Ѿ˯ˣӹҼǵڻѧʱ䡣ѧõϢʱһʹˡ
Цϵܣû취̫Сʵڴˡ

ǲģȥѧҲûޡ
ҪϿˣĸ̫ˣϵӣû취˸ӣķŽȥ
һжܺãϿˡ
Сڸ飬ͳСźóԵĲסͣԵһֵһѧõĺӶѧȥˮ
ޱȼѵΣʱ򣬶ҲˣʼҪͰ֣ѧõȻûûжľͿޡ
ΣԼҷɽ˺˯ˡ
ڸ׼飬еĵҳ˵ʮҳ
⻹û꣬˯һоܵѧ档
ļԺãϵԼλã͵ŵŵŵܹȥҪӣӸ߰ҡ֨ѽ˰죬ûȥ
˰죬ɼֲиΧѧѧﻹûôСıעˣȻҲƼˡ
û취ſΣֻܷ齫ȥ
ȥˣܸˡ
ɶס
ȻˣһСסˣҪȥ
һ԰˾ͬѧİ
֮󣬶˻
ѧǽĵطҲ࣬ûһˣҪϵӡ
Ҳǰϲȥûٰ
˭ѽͲǸˣȥ
̫ˣѧþֻһܱĶ
ǶȥĽ̨קӣҪæϵӡ
ѽѧϰѾˡ
Ѷӳȥû취ѧֻֽܷıϵȥ
ôһȥģĪϵµӵϷ
ʱһͬΪ̰ͬѧʱֻܿˡ
ÿζԸģľ͵òϵȥ
̬ȻǺܺõģÿζء
ûԹѵģһѵ⣬˼Ҿ۾¶ĿǶˣ˵һЩĻѵ˶޵ģĸͲ
óҪĵС֣һ¾۴ޣħ
ǣֻܾģϾ˼Ҹ׵Ǯǣ
ֻܰ¿Σ˵һ죬ѧͽѧͻȥ̲ˡ
ôģĺܸˣڼ䣬Ľ̨һ
ʯСʯӣſɿ㡣
ŶµԽԽƵ̲ȥǰѧ
һԣѧĴӻģצҡ컹
˶߹ˣֵĶľû˼ֿʼͰ֣۴
ʰö׼ͶĻȥͷˣԼɣ˰ˣŴŶӡ
Ĳϸ˰£ʵ첻ˡ
⺢ӺܴΥĵĿ佱Ŷģȴ޲ôһٶƨɣģѧǻյģֻ̫Сˣȹ꣬ˣ͹˵ӲǮ
˵ݶˣҲֻˣڼ̼꣬ȥѧá
ʯڼҵѧ˲úóԵġǵӶ˯ˣЩóԵҲֻܸˡ
֪˼ҪǼģʯϵરવĳ˰̡
ʯСʯԭ밲οʯϵʯϵڰ֣ĻС꣬ȥѧò١
ȥ󣬱˯ĶģʯСʯüԭȥѧü죬ܸĸӡ񲻹һ죬͸ͻˡܵǣԺҪŸˡһȲҲȫ
ôأ
һʯСʯһ֣ˡ˵ţŤͷԶ˵ȥѰּҵĸǣ
ڶ죬˶ûȥϣڼġ
һǼıŰһͨǱϵһͨ˾͹Ҫ̺ȡ
ˣ˴ҪȥСС
εǣС֣һȥˡ
ؼˣĺܸˣСͱȦȥˡ
ߵȦǰɿ֣Ըǰߡ
ߵǰˣŵСҲ
ǰȻµĻͷ˶һۣڣֻعͷ
ǰ˼ץդͷţţһѧãоͳôˡ
ҲⲻУҰңҲûбˡ
ץϵӣһקһק˿
һƨڵϣСһ۴
æ˱ź壬ô嶼岻á
ʯСʯҲ۰нˣϰ߰ϣҪײŶľеǺˡ
ĳȥȦվ˵ĿһĸûôƵˣֻΪϰߣѾǵֻСˣÿһʱ仹
̣ʯСʯ¶ģÿһʱ䶼һͷ
һöľãԻܾãֱĳʯСʯ˵Сʱ£Ĳŵ֪ࡣ

78

괺죬ûׯڣʯСʯ£ʳ׬˶٣Ҳûʱֻɳ϶˼Ķϣĵضȥˡ
죬ΪҪտе뻶ֻܶʯСʯԼտˡʯϵʯҲæ
ȥ꣬ϵȥˣϳ֮͵͵ݻᣬʯϵ˲ٵϣ۵ĲˣվҪȥϵ˯ҪȥϵأЩɶͩ塣
˶һ˸ľĵҲ䣬ľ涼ʵʵģֻһ濪˸εĴڣһСţȥպÿԿϵص״
ʱʯϵͱľľǴŵģʯϵų̣ľʹһȺСϵ棬һȺͷ󺹣ʯϵͻϸǳԡ
ĵСǶ̫СһԵϲ֭ʯϵûа취ֻõԶĺӱߴˮһϴ
С϶Ե·ˣʯϵɴѹˣϴ裬Ȼ·ĳȥ棬СС񡪡ܶຢСʱġ
һϣĵСͶĴ˽лȥʱֻʣүʯ־ͻһӷʱʼˣһ˾Ͷһ˷
ŶĹƨɽӹֱҪʯּæһѽ
룬ʯֶʯϵ˵ȳţһؼȥü·
ʯϵһסȳԷ˵Ȼˡ
ʯֿŹСӣ룬ȷŵһԵĵϣȻ˲Ҷӣôһٰ̣Ըһ̣Žӱȥ
ƨɵµҶӺ·ʯӵСƨɡ
ŶˣѾԳԺܶණˡ
ÿ죬Ὣʯϵһֱϵء
ʯСʯÿʱ򣬶رҸҸϷʲô
ٺٺ١
ʱҲͻץŶĸ£֣һ
ϻԶƼͼͦСĺΧһӣǶھӽжδ
δԼСֶǶһһµףС˵ĸЦԶ
ֻСֽһһĽĿС顣
ˣδͣϢļ˹ǰȥδͰ͵塭
δͷȻĵСԴģ岻棬ֻı㣬һСİˤô죿
̫ˡ
⻰첻˵ȻСӴС˰죬һǣһεĿŶδһ潫ǵ˹ȥ
δһЦȻһСӵĶˣҪܾԶԶ˺ġ
ŤͷȥСʱһ֣˹ȥ
סܹСӣӴ
ŶԶԶδЦŴк㱧Ŷ
ûϵѧãڴ˺һӳЦʹ˵泰ЦҲ֪ʲô˼ÿ˭ҲֻСòĺˣ˵˵ţǾû˼ȥˣҲżŻ˵һ˵
ϵȥһֶ˼ۣʯСʯһ룬ټʯСʯӺͶܵǮѾһʶǶԲСĻˡ
ţ˵ʯСʯս̸СҲӺʯСʯṩ඼Сֺ찴֣ʯСʯߣС
ʯСʯָڼҾԱ˼ӣֻǮ˸±ⷽӣһ±⣬һۡ
ǻ˴СԺӣֻȶĳѧסȥ
ȥϣֻᵷңߺˣͬ˼ϣĳôǺܱȱҪЩ
ĻæûǸһֱϵģҲСɤӡ
Ĩ˰Ѻ̫ɹ˶˯ľȴĴ뵽档
Ҫ̫ô϶ˣ̧ͷ۸۵ͷӲǰѶľڻ
ÿ춼ϻȥģͱ죬̯ӻȥʱѾˡ
˯øСƵĶ˳óһ׼õСӹãŸϳؼҡ
ȥʱ򣬶µŶģԳϵȻȥѾˡ
˩ţŶŵ˽ȥ֨ѽһƿţͼſ˯ŵʯСʯ̫ͷ۾
Ϊſ˯ӡӡʯСʯЦŵͷ
ţ
лҪ˵ȫĴžôˣ֮ǳĶĺͰСķ⣨԰С޸еĿԲÿ
    ллҵǡ

    79 

컹磬ʯСʯˣҲĽ
棬컹ûıڶǲۡ
Ҳ֪ʵ̫ˣûټֽѶģ˷ڴϣС·
ĵ·ڴϺţʯСʯҿӣһʯֺʯϵǡ
ЦŸʯСʯ·סµĺۼȻʯСʯƨɣǿȥɡ
ʯСʯ˶һۣôôԣźӵҲֶŵģΪˣûٺͶƫƫǼǲס
ʯСʯȥˣӡ
ǰʯСʯͻȻУôһӣʯСʯɻ㣬͸Ķ˸㣬ĿһӣܳˣҲ˸¡
Ȼϲ⣬ɶûҸ̫࣬ڱ֪˵ֺ󣬶òϣ֡ʳ棬Ҳʼע
ĸЩЩ񣬶Ѿһˡ
Ӷԭû룬ɱһڣıڵһ˯ⶼûˣһĿӻûľȥߵߵȥԺ
ٻʱѾȥкʯʯϵȥˡ
ֻԼȥӡ
ĵĿӱӵˣ˴ڴҶûҵ
Ǿֻڱˡ
ǶĽҿ˱ӣȻڱҵ˿ӡ
£Ѿʪյˡ
Ķʱһڣνˡ
˵գĴ³ƿӣѹ˫ֺ۵СȶµĿӳ˳
һ˯ˣֻ΢΢˶һŻû˯ѵС¶˳˶һۣ۵СצצС~
Ķʱˡ
ȻСƨƽϣĵǳŵģƿӣмСޱ˳
Ĳ⣬Ϊʲô˴Ȼ˯һô
ùڴͷĲ죬ϻ˯С˲ʪյСƨɣֲùβС·Ŀİĸ˴ϡ
νС·Ǹɸˬˬģüͷĸˣ˵·ģΪʲôĿأ
һڣСûޣں·СѾˡŸ磬ſڸĻŸ籧ȥԷ
ĸģ˾ţ֮Žܱܵ˴
νէһȻôޣöڸ绳ﲻȥ
Ӳǽ˷ŵ˵ϣС˵̫ˣ籧
ν¶ĵͷȻ󱻶ǣסС֣һҡһڵߡ
һǣС߹ʯСʯæģģôӣ
ľ˾죬ôһЩίˣҵĿӱνʪˡ
ʯСʯ˳˳ëӣָϣȻŻҡҡλεĶνܴܵ·ˡ
ʯСʯĵݸҡҡλΣҪվסĶν·⿪´һ顣ȻϴϴСι̺ȡ
ӶʽȥӣȻӦǵڶˣһ˻Ǻӡ
ʱҲˣǰк˵ǽҪȥѧãȥ㡣
䣬Ҳһϳĺ֣ȥϳʯʯϵͶһӶ
ԭͶȥϿΣʯСʯ㽫νȥСʱŵģɶνӣʯСʯ֣ȻͿޡ˲ˣνҲȥ
ŶνĨᣬˣٳ꣬Ҳ͸һȥѧ
ʯСʯŶšһ£˵ʲôأͺҽһСôȥѧã
Ĭ£СӵСԴŲĶν̲סνкһ
ν˵Ļ࣬ˣĻ
֮ǰĶ龭Ѿһ㶼ǵˣƨͿʼĶ
ǰ£һɶȴǼǵõġ
ѾˣԿŶ棬ҲһſڵŶġ
ԼλãȻԼĶóһСƿӡ
Ͷɹûţѧˡ
ҿӣ洫ŵû۷䣬Դġ
ڿʲôһԼͬѧĴչʵ
뵽˵ˣҪͬѧúദԥ£㽫ƿӵ˹ȥ
ĺʹСһץģ˴оСģĻ
ƿ˸Сף˼仨
λͬѧϵĺӣûʶģʲô
Ƕĵĵһѣĺ飬۷䣬Ҽкܶࡣ
˾ôһȥһˣĻԼһȥԼҴ۷䡣
ߵĶҲǸĹעһǵһ飬ĻǺѵĺӡ
ʶҳԲһ¡
죬ĻȥͰһᡣ
Сӣ˵ۼ۷ôôأԭ˴ġܼӰ
ʯСʯĶڵѪЩ۷ǻ˲Ǯġ
һԣνڵϣŸ㣬Ȱ磬ֲ֪ô˵룬Ǽ³Զ


80 

ʵʯСʯҲһ٣һֻֻ۷䣬ɶǮԼˣűһ
һ˾ʹôЩЩȶĴЩĺӣ֪ǲٵģʯСʯĶڵѪ
ԭʯСʯǴŵȶѵ꣬ٸúýѵѵԣžž˼£۴ʯСʯһӾˣﻹһ٣
Ŷӿ޵˺ѷΣҲ²ˣֻһöĳԣͻӸʯСʯ
ʯСʯӹˣֱӰѿӰˡ
ĳવĿһӣûھӡ
ԴӳЩ˵ܵܣҲ֪˼ˣѾˡ
ƽʱ׿ޣһһʰ
ŶģͻȻ洫һʯСʯҲΣŶأ
û
ʯСʯ̾˿ͻȻͷ˿ģֶı⶯ȥҲ˿ޡ
ĲˣʯСʯ룬˷ŵĴϣкġԹԵģ
߻׼ţʯСʯƲŵıƿСģҲӴȥˡ
Ьϴνһֱƿսֿʼĸ磬ſ죬~
ĺһŤͷȥղűˣνΪܵܣû˵һ仰
ν죬ƿһߡ
Ʋͷȥ
ζν˹ȥʶȤû˵Ÿ翴˰죬ĶĶ˼ˣԥóẉ̂ݵߡ
ıǲȵģǶνľܾӲ
һ֮󣬺̹ȻˣıŶνƿһһڵĺš
νɸỹûɣټ˵ֻܿŸȡ
￴ſţνˣڸԱߣһ۾һգգŸȣһСڵĭ
ܵʾˣҲ֮ǰļȣһֻֽνԼĻģŵܵܵı
νŸȹˣܸȼڣɵŵţû೤ʱ˯ˡ
Ĳˣķ֣̲ܵܵãԭ뻹ܵܵģɵͷһܵѾ˯ˡ
˰ҲˣԱŶνһ˯£룬סԼ͵ܵܵ塣
ʯСʯͿһ:СޱţСһһĵ˯ú㣬Ǹ۾ģһ˿ɫգСǸ§ڻ֪ʲôˮš
ٻʱʯСʯѾһжʰˣûǰྐྵӣˣʯСʯƲһۣྐྵӡ
ٺһЦҲ֪ӸʯСʯصټϻи߲˼·Сġ
ЦĴսʯСʯ£һ߼ֺõ:ˣྐྵӡ
ʯСʯҲװŹӵ˹ȥһ潫ȼڶϣӡ
һŶĹӣһʯСʯ˵˶ģĺӣѧҲ꣬ҪٽڼһꣿҲһ
⼸Ŷû¶ͽ֣Ȼϲ˶٣ɺôЩѧǿĶࡣ
ټ϶û¾ϲʫ㲻ʶ֣ҲѾᱳöʫˡ
ʯСʯʵڲĶģţҲ̫Сˡ
һ£Ҫ͵ʯСʯߵĹʵҲ£룬ãǼҵкӲ˵ѧûǺܹԵģƿ۷Ҳ֮ǰİӡһ˵ŶʶĽͽԼ
ʯСʯͷ˵ĵҲǡȻͲ˵ʲôˡ
һʱ֮һĬֻһ
ʯСʯ˰춼һŹ͹߶ӡ
պöﺬһţʯСʯͻȻһЦģҶأȥϣι㡣˵ţʯСʯƽ˱
ʯСʯƲ죬ˮ˴ˣҲԡ˵ţȻ˳ӵסζƹԻҡ
һڣڶʯСʯԭģûɡ
չ޵䵽˶ļϣûʯСʯôᣬ˱ӣץ·͸ס
ŪѵĶһͲģŤƨɵĲϡ
Ķ䣬ô
ƲƲ죬˭㾭ң
Цˣġ
Ѿģʲôо򣬶С˵ӻ·ûʡĹҲƢãʵûס£Ŵôʮٵӣﾭˣ
ЦŸϴˣһȵһֻʵȴ»һֻ˿ʳȻһһţ
ʵҲ̫ϰˣֻԴΪ첻ȥѧá
˭ֱ֪Ӹ˸ܵܣȥѧõ£붼룬ܸܵ㣬ãȥѧá

81 

糿̫ǺůͣСѾַǷˣֵȴɫЩС̯ǡ
һǰһԼʮ걧һ˹ϰ壬öʮӣʮ˵ģʮġ
ա
ҿϰ嶯Ѹٵ˰Ӹ걧ãճİڣϰ˿ȡ
긶ǮӹӣּҴҵܿˡ
һţһԼ˸
ʱͣһǰ̧һƣȻǼҹײ̡
һֱ飬һŰ߽ȥ~緹ˡ
һ䣬һԼʮҵ˳Ƽ꣬۾ʱˣɶˣϽģ
ԣ죬Ѱ˹ȥϾҪˣΪСȣиСƲ𣿡
ͬң֪Ҫˣ˵úӸɻˣǺӳԷ޲Ըιˣã⵵ҳ߲˵ʹ
ѵ֪
ٹþҪˡ
˽ӹҧһڣڳһֻ֣ߣ˰Դϵëëⲻܣһ¡
ллһҲšó鱾˸¡
˲ЦЦ԰ӣȳԱ㣬˵:ģˣȥڼҾӰɡ漰ӣҲ̲ס
ҲǶģͣҡŵԴһۣǲˣҶϰˣҲȼҾӰЩ
һЦȥˣѲһȦֻˡ
˸ڶΧӷŵһ飬û½ҿⷭ˷
ݿＫˣ󰮿һҡͷԵĶģ벻ͨôôϲֿأ
Ӳַ˷飬ûۣǿȥˡ
һ죬˳ԺȣѲӣٿ飬һҲôȥˡ
ɫı鱾Զ˵:һȥˣһ
һ˲Щ仯صӣɰڰ֣ӻ£ͲˣȻذɡ
˰ɣ㶼һʲô£Цϵ̫ʵˡ
Ҫҽڣæϣ㻹ǻذɡģֽһʰ˶شˡ
ʲô⻰ʱסˣôأ
ֲ֣áıһɣһ
Ŷĵƨɾһţøɶɶȥ
˶ӣæȥǣţµƹ񣬾ͼæȥˡ
һ߸ţؼңƣ͸㲻ˣΪɶʯСʯ롣
룬˵˯ʱŪһë
Ҳ˵ԼˣǺʯСʯʱҲܲһʱϰţһУͿһëǵöܰмӵĸоأ
Ϊ˶ˣͷǵҲ
ƶۣͬЩģϺӣʹ󲻡
Ը˵ƨɣȻʹ˵㣬Ӿˣȥˡ

죬Ҳ֪Ͱ̸˷˶ˡ
Ľǰ̲סģҲ֪˺ͺû
Ҳڶ츳ҲǶĿԵʣӦ긮ĺɡ徭ģѱˡʫɶģרŸѵټСܣ£һֻʥ飬Ҳм⡣͸ڻˣҲ֮ˣûȥѧʱڼҸɣʼʶ
ĴɣȻôǰȴҲȹ˸ԡ
֮ԣľڽ֮ǰ˲;ִһ룬ʵܲסˣ赹̧˳
Ļ䣬ô˴οƿˣѾʰö׼ؼңֻȿһˡɲ룬ãպһš
ˣǻԣʱûиȥȥǶյͽܶγ
γǶ»ڶմӴͷĺӣγСС뻼İΪ֮ͬΪǵҲû۸Ǹ
γƵͶ·Ϊ˷İ֣ССͱ洳һΣ˹ûԷĶγ
츳Т˳֪ͽܣա
ԵĽǶοõģ˵ھ
һθԣıǼŵģȻˣɼȴƽƽ
ҲǼöĵģǺ֮ӣԼĵǰѧãĽҵĹϵûСĽԼļͬ˵ˡ
ҲǶѧĵ֪ģɣΪ̫ˣЩӻ׵Ŀģָ㽭ɽԵЩ뾭ѵҶĶĴĺЩŲ̫ҡ
Σȡѵڻϴһ㡣
һʮ꣬ȻѹԼм䣬ôڲصġ
˵ģµ۵ǻ꣬ڳϣµûЩȵʱЩͷƫƫµۻ׶Щˡ
Щ˼̫ظȨֹ󣬳ͥʱҪһѪҺʱ
񣬽ſƾ٣µ۴һЩˣ볯̯ûǣ
ĺ⣬ûġû뵽·ת״Ԫ
һ֮Сɽըˡ
˭֪ҵǸģͷһ˰ͱϻ˼ңڶλ˺ŲŽ(!˵ȥľ¥ԹﻹŲٶҲ֪ʲôҲ֪ӡ)
СӾȻ״Ԫ
ôܣ
ôôۣӺôѧô˼ءô״ԪֵμСˣ

82 

ȥѧãƽռֻʣ¶νһˣν㣬ֲܳȥ棬ڼץӣûͲˣҪһȥѧá
ʱæſײ̣һͿԼСŸ죬ίᣬ£˾ˡ
ʯΣСǰ컹úõģһû˼ˣͿҪȥҸ硣
Ӷνһġ
νҪȥѧã϶ǲܵģ˵ѧòոôС㣬ѧҲҪ
ʯСʯӵνһСݶȥ˶νעһ飬һеĻš˵ţʯ֣֣û£úϢϢˣϵĻҲЩȥʱͽȥ
ȥ֮ȻǽʯСʯţʯСʯӾз֮ǰеˡ
æȥǸʱͼʯСʯٽ̶νʶ֣һ
Ҫ֪˵ʯСʯʶ֣ˣʵʯСʯָûȫ˱ϲٴ֣˱Ҳһ˿öˡľЩѾʯСʯиٹˡ
æǰֹӿɻСأɱӡ
ȻǰһӸûʯСʯ˵Сצצ֧ʣֽһ߸˵ĿЦһűֽһ֮ҪҪ˵ûŸ߸˵ȥ
ʯСʯĽ̶νʶ֣κζνͲġ
ҲǣôСƨǸأ
ȥˡ
ֱº󣬶νʯСʯдǰŪָǲײĻ֣ʶνʶ𣿡
ѧʰ
νѸվֱСһ壬ͦͦСţϳش:~~~~
һޘ
ܼϱǽ̻ӡ
ʯСʯίֻһ֣ӱʲôǴˣЩ׼̶νĵڶ֡
ʵڲʯСʯˮƽͽ˱Լˡ
Ƕ̵ĲǶν˵㣬νҲʶһֵˡ
С̫С̫ģĶš
տʼΪڣѹƢײ̸տǶ࣬ʱһҲûǸƢˣЩͼ󣬾ͲĿ˵ʵ̫ԲеĵطＤңʵ⡣
νīߺڣŶˣСƢҲǲġ
ʯСʯܲˣζöŶνˡ
˾ô
ʵû취ʯСʯһİ취ʶֵĸ̶ν
һʯСʯûȥӣվڴ⣬ˮƽ
ӽ쿪ʼҾˡ
νԹԽ
ĵͷȻ:ΪҳҪʶ֣ҪģҪˡ
˶һۣĵͷǲ
ȻˣΪʶǺõģ޲űǵ£ʶֿ̫أΪһҪź๫ǺʯʯСʯ˵һˡ
⣬۾ȴԽԽȭͷҲ߬
˵˾䣬๫죬๫˵ʲôʲôΪɣá
̲סˣ߿ų˽ȥһ±ƵĶν
Ϊôܽɶūأ
ʲôūԣ˭ҵĸѧЩһ˦Ҫ̵ĶΪı֣Ȼ˵ūԣ
ô˵򲻸ٽӽˣֻ¼ȥĽ̷úõĶӾͱСˡ
ˣǿӲĽӴߣ۲ˣҽ
ʯСʯ⣬ƢƼˣѧһô죬϶С
ôģνֺ͵ȥʱʱǲ׵ĸҽ̼䣬νĻĿİĳˡ
ڣνʶַû
ڣνһСƢ͸һѵν鷽Ҳû
ֺֻ͵߽ţν̼֮͸һӾ;νŰְӣʱһô¡
ҲĶνҲˣ㽻һָνⶼҪνġ

83 Сĺ

δһ̣СԼ޴
һֱڴǰѹʯСʯһһֱΪʵءǣ
ʯСʯδ͸ֻΪôһ
ʵϸ룬Ϊ˰ʯСʯʹݵֶΣһȻûп塣
ʯСʯȣҲȥ
ˮһ̣С곹ˣܺúõģһԶԶģܹö࣬½ʡҲԸȥҶ
ǡл
뵽ЩֶӱߵıС۽ǻһᣬˮ

Ĵǿҵʹ⣬Сб
ǡһ̣ȻһʹСһֲڵĴ
СȻ۾
һĺӡ
СľľĿˣҡʣûɤ̫ɳƣ۵
֮⣬Ҳˣ۵ˮĵˡ
Сһ㶣ûǱ˾ˣ
ʶһ㣬Сһϲץס˵ӣɳƵɤӷ:ӡңҵģӡ
ӽסΪСͻȻ죬ĿİͰͣ㣬𶯣ˡ
һ˰Се˰סСûŹȥˡ

ŴխСľһ⣬С㶵Ŀš
Ѿһʱˣ˾ˣЩһֱס˼
Сúˣܻţá
ùϵĹȣС괩ЬӣһŲſڡ
˵˼ˣǼĺܺá˵Ѿְ֡
˿ЩʱС굱ʱûסˣһֱûǮûк·ҲԲã˻ƻƵģݵģġڱ˶˵ıˣˡ
һ뵽ıСãһƯܺÿ
Žţһһ߹ͼСվſڣֿЦ
̫ĹڰСϣ˿죬֪Сĸˡ
Ų˼İС꣬˹ȥ
ڰС꿴˲䣬ѸϵЦСעţΪ飬ϷһĨԵĺ졣
𣿡һ˻Сæǰȥץס˵
ڰСץסԼ䴦㶣Ȼͷ˵ͷţ
Сֿ죬𣿡
ܺã
Сܸˣ죬ҪлȴͻȻ֪˵֣ڵ:лллл㡣
˺:лȻȥȥ
СҲݡ
ˣ֪ʲôأ
˵ͷֶʱһ
ʲô
ͣ¶˰СһֺۣܿͷȥС:ңҽжɽ
ɽС꾪ǶɽǸɽ
ɽͷ
СЩ޴룬ǰĶɽǰǸ˽Скغϡ
ɽ¾˽ŵġ
кһɽСʱر̰棬ʱһСĴӴͷСɽˤˣȣԺȾͳˡ
ȻȣɽȴҲġ
ɽǸСк֮ԶɽԱ̸һǺͰСйصġ
Сͷ̫ãѾǲˣֻǵʱСһȺСָŶɽȳӡ˵һЩơҲŲȳĻ
ٺСûڴûɽֱڡ
΢һҲ֪ɽΪʲôʧСɫҰףͷ͵Ĳٵ͵Ķɽʱ꣬˵Ǿ䣬Բ𡣡
ɽȻ̧ͷ漴ɫȻǺ죬Сûпӣ޴Ĵ½ǣûûϵ
ڼǰûǺްСˣοЩӵദ԰Сꡭ޲ˡ
С꿴û뵽ɽԭˣڵ֪ǰС󣬻Ըס¡
㣬ģСû£˾ȥˡЩΣɽͰ͵Ŀתƻ⡣
С꿴һۣͷš
Сڶɽסˣ˲̫أȬĺܿ졣
˿ͰƾɵķӣСʪۿ
ҳߺΨһڷ絲꣬ĵط뿪ˡ
򴽣С˲񷿣ɽʱé̵Ĵ̰
ֽɨ¡
ɽڲڣϲܻ
С룬ʹĽɽ·ͨͨϴˣá
һж󣬰Сתȥϡ
֪ǱʯҼȥˣСܸӡ֮Ǹ֮л֮
ȥӱʱһֱǵͷģ˵лл뿪ˡ
İ࣬ʯ˽չ˵ĺܺáҲ֪ʯҶڱϻ˼ģС·ǳͣС򲼣ĺܺãǰȥֻܿȴġ
ζġ
ʱŸƿûꡣ
Щġ

뿪ʯңС걧źӻСݣһּĹˣ˳
̾˿ʰʰȻϾûסˡ
СӣӰڱϣűȥ˺ӱߡ
ΪڣС춼ûȥѾǰԺˡ
ŹеСС̣űȥˡ
ȥ֮󽫱ãСŶ£ѾܾûˣͻȻûԣе㲻Ӧ
ʲôûУҪ黹ܶ࣬һٷǰԵ΢
СùʯҸƿСû꣬Ѿû¶ˡ
СҪһȣɼû룬СҧҧǾȥҴ峤æ
źȥ˴峤ңһ峤ȻڼңСҪȥͼ峤ɾŴ峤Ķ䣬˵СˣӱˣԺ׼ȥˣԼҪء
СһŲסˣǰѾ峤˲鷳
ź뿪С׺ӵĶͷԱٵȵȣȥ취
취ʲô취أѾͶ·ˡ
С걧źӣǿڹ˺þõҩŽǮչģûˡ
һʱѹİС꼸રવµ
û˹ô죿
źӣСĨݡ
ʱʱϮСͻȻۣƿԼŪ©СţȻסˡ
ˣСͻȻе飬ôˣ
һ㲻ڣ͹
űС֣Сͷ˺ˣϴ鷳㡣
ɽһʲôûУסˡ˵һ룬ɽʶԼЩ̫أֵ㡭ҧҧһȥɡ
С۾
ɽǿİˣᣬûб˼ַ⡣˵⻰Щ㣬ǸƫԶСնٷ⣬Ҫô˵°СΪΪ
뵽ɽеˣû뷨
ɽСͻȻ죬ã
ɽСͬˣ
СЦЦȻﶯͣıͷ
ɽĻĶˡ
ŶɽЦӣСиоɽܶе˼ҲСǣɽͱδ
صɽңɽéݴ̿ˡԭɽҪ˯é̵ģСȴԸˣһʱǲò˼Ҷɽ˼鷳˵˼˼д˯һֱأ
ɽҲǲãСǸǰʱˣûãźӡζðС˯ϵġ
˽š
źӣСһģһҪ˯ϵġ
ɽҲѵòɬˣҲһҪ˯ϵġ
˶˯ˣ
뵽㣬ɽһ㶣˰СһۣǶ˯ɡ
仰þûΨһĻˡ
СһºˣﲻȷɽĶ˼
ɽԣŵӽС껳Ѿ˯ŵСڿ档
ˣɽͽéݴ̳ˡ
ɽǸ㾷ÿȥٻСס˶ɽķӣÿɽһߣչ˺úӣʱͽʰ飬֮⣬ӲԶһأЩˣǮΪԺ뿪ɽ㡣
뵽С򴽣ȻǮˣ᲻뿪ԼҲȷ
пܣҲ¡
ţϵĻСȥｫɽ·óϴϴ
϶ɽ·˵ϴҵ·𣿡·࣬뵽Сϴ·ɽĺܲ˼
С⣬˿ɽϵ·ϵ·ҲҸһϴˡ·ɽһܸˡ
ɽæԼϵ·á
Сöɽʲôãһ㲻ã׺ߣġСŤһŤӣǰקɽ֣ݷĸ˰ˡ
֮󣬰С·ˣ¶ɽֱСϴ·
·ӣɽЩ㶵ġ
С꾶ϴ·
ŰС۵ĲɽͻȻԳѪ˻ͬһΪϴ̴
֪ģɽͻȻ͹С걧ס
С걻ͻȻĶһ侲Ѿ˯ŵıСûоܾ˻ȥ
Լϲûоܾɽһϲ§ŰСĲӾͿ˹е˰Сıӡ
С۵ƿЦ:ˡ
˵ţС죬һ죬ɽ׳˶һĴһ滺ɽྫʺ龡www.727txt.com