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һ¹ҹȥ
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ؼ֣ ܿ  ŷ 



1 
ҹ
ͷɢع˪Уʯ̾͵ĵ̹ǣﴫһһ⣬̲סز
Χĵƻʮƽϲҹյ磬伫ݳޣҲһЦ֮˵һƤ
ȴ̣ΪǽǱģյһܴӴʯķ⴦Լһӡ
Ųһ󣬴š֨ѽһ˿һ˼ǵĺ˽ͺһģޱֱܹ̣ӣŰײ
֡֨ѽһˡ
̧ͷžӸͻȻеݶʼ˵ܹܣҪ£Ҫ£ҲҲ
һмǻӦɱ²㣬˽ᣬ·ɣ
ģҺãҸ簡ץסһݣϥǰĺƯӺˮˣôģҪҪ
ǰޣлֲ̿ѣ»ʵǨŭԼޣȴǻıģһĭϣ
ͷ㻹֪´ãôرµģ
ٿסˡ
˵̶ɱ½㵱бǰŽϵ˼ɺһУǶ㶯飬Ϊڹкˣ㣬һᣬ»˳빬磿ϣλһ˿֮ĵһ𣬱±Ѿ֪ˣĵܵܣȴ֪ôҪ֪޿֮ʱĹ֮ڣ
ϵˮһӴۿ
ǵģԼ֪㡣֪ԼǻӡԭӦǻʵ۵һ㱻ס۾֪ǿ⽫ڹУϵʱĳ޺㲻ɶֹıˡ
ԼԭӦӵеһУԼŰ衢һ޳ɣ㶯˲ö˼⳼ȡĻλ
ôȥ
͸֪ԼʺǸλãµϻʵۣôúãΪ⳼Ю·ˣ
ЦԼû֪ŵʵ۵Σ
Ͼǵ֮ϣ˯ԼĻλҪԼ𣿸οԼֵֻ飡ղԼִΣ
ߵյԼʲô湶
ۻˣȴ֪ܵģҪȥǰʹ顢һģġԼҲǺ޲ȥɣ
ֻһ·ߡ
͸ʵۣϵ̡
ڹ꣬ȻԴš߰籣һƣһ
˵ҶˣƸҰɡ
˻ӷһ̱㽫Ƶӣŵǰĵϡ
ϲֽƺ뵽ʲô΢Ͽң߱£Ҹײ֪£һ
˵ˣ˳żε°ͱԵ˾С
ȴϾ˴ˣ˰ݡ
ԭ¶һ˿ӵ顣
ף΢ľˮӳھϣ·һֱڸǵ£ʶ
֮ϧϧ
һͷɬҺ͵˺
׵ڵϣɼƬѪڵϣ·ĺ÷
Ļʵվڴڣ湬ɫֻ²ȫƽɪ
δ£ѷ
ʵԣ͵һתЩ΢ף޺ʱ
һ漴ͻȻ뵽ʲô͵۾æڵأū
ˣֻнзŵ
ʵ侲Ѿָƽյǻٴ޵ʥּ
̧ͷͷصڱĵϣүΪ˱£Ϊ˽ɽ𢡭
ʵ۾˰죬ʵǰ˵ʲô
ʵ˵ʷ֪飬ƽʷһ
ԣʵƺЩʧƺЩο󣬲ŵ֪ˡ
Բ̧ͷ֪ʵ۴ʱ鲢ã˷ڵϣҲҳ
ãʵ۵ȥʷɥɣ˵˼زˣ㡭úðʷУᵽȥҪκ֪
ǣū澸ˡһ˳ȥˡ
ʵ۵ıƽȭͷȴƺЩ
䡭૵š
īɫ۾ϣڸһвΪ֪㺡
ͬҹĻ˼еıϡԹ˺ڰ֮С
紵޺ۼ


2 
ʱԼһʮϤĵط
͵ֵػܡʷԼķ
ǣԼѾˣôʷأѲֻǼҩһ
ɻ󣬾һϤ϶
һš֨ѽһ˿ףʷ˽ϡǴʱĽϻᣬ緢ӣһɫĹ޶ˡ
һ£漴Ӧ´˽˽ϵĻû̫ˣ̫
ԼûҲֽٺľϲŶĿ־塢ԼµĴĻںޣô
ŽϣҪйеһ㣬
һ£ܿ췴Ӧһִϣһͷɵ϶ˣ
ǣǡ̧ͷԼߣȻԼǰˣѾ븸ײˣôֻ׵ؿˣĿɿڴδ˵һҹ֮䰫ţѲԼȵĶֻʹ˱䰫ģ
ϼԼľľģСһɵɵı飬ֻδ˯ѣЦӸ˲ߵᣬұ˵ÿ춼Ҫ㣬ÿ춼˯ϡͿġ룬˵λиϢҪ㡣
ϱעĽëգգʲôϢ
ѲԼıˣ
ֻƿߣӵ˵Ҫѡ̶㡣
仰͵۾
ȴ˵ѡˣܵñʶһְٰȻǺ¡Ȼ黢㻹Сһʲôطܵġ
ţɵˣ
ΪĳĶԻѾһˣ
ʮ꣬ڳѡ̶ʱ˳˵ģ
ץסԼ׵ӣ̲סʵἸˣ
ЩΪʲôͻȻ⣬Եµǻ꣬갡϶Ϊ⣿
ꣿ棬Ϊǵʮ갡Ϊʲôʱ˻صꣿѲԼΣ
ɡԼЩ鰡˵Լ˴˵еġһΡ
мǡ˵¬ںõסޣ˯һһٻĺΡʱδ죬󳹴
ԼǲҲأμԼǻʵĵ֮ܵģʵۻر谮ԼԼִֿϹڣԼˡ
ʶԼʵǻʵ۵ĵܵܣҲδٽı
ԼûмʵۣôĻʵôʵأڶǵûʵʲôʹĲʲôġμ
ԽԽͿһԵĽҲɻ󣬾ԼӲ֪ΪΣЩ֣ҺЩһˡ
ǵﲻһأ
һͿˡ
󣬹ܼ벮˸ķүӣѾˣҪҪţ
ҲЩˣ˵ҪҪģҿˣ
ϱЦˣ㣬ȥϴڻ㡣
Ӧǣ

Ҫȥʹѡ̶ˣϵȴЩ
ϣ˿еĽ𣬾µüȴȾһ㲻ĳɫ
˻ʹıѡˣԼԼǻӣԴԼ𣿻ֱӽԼɱˣߣͬһԴԼԼ᲻صޣ
ԼǱýʹģǲȥǱǿּ˵̾ͻǣ
ȥˣһѡϡ
ֲȥ
ԽԽӷ롭Ź֮£ôͻ䵽Լͷأ
ϣıУȴԴڴϣѰί߶ˣΪ˭
϶ôˣ
Լһ˱һ˫۾ŽϣĶ𣿡
ϻΪʲô裬ݵЦȻҵĶӡ
ҡҡͷǣ㣬Ķ𣿡
ԣȻˣðŻعƵģɫףɫʵ˭ֻ뻰ģ
ϿķӦһ̳ȥǰʮĿӣץסָһ
֪Լǽʱʮ𾪣е֡Сû˵ȥˣĹ硣δ˼֮ʱҲδκϼᣬ·ûһƵġ
Ҫǣò
ԣգǽʵ
Ⲣ뽭ϵĸ飬ãô䣬Զڻ뵽鶼ĵز
ԣ˵Ǳ˸˵ģԼµġ
˺һ˼ת̾˿˵ԺҪ˵ֻ˻ˣһģҵĶӣ˭Ķӣ
Ѿ֪˴𰸣ЦЦ˽˵ţǵĶӣԶǡ
ǵģҲͨˡ
ԼǻѪΣֻҪԼȥФ벻ԼĶֵַԼϣʼռǵʷ򽭽ϲԼĸףͺ
ҪɱԼΪλҪʦڰԼѡ빬У˵ֻԼ߰Լ˶ѡ
ôԼȥһӹµܣֻ֪Ժ̶ֵԼƽһ˰ɣ
ֻǣҲͲڵϥ³лˡ
ϿԼһۣ漴ֽرס
뵽Լڻʹжһ״ʣԼ
ɺﲻ֪ǿͣһ̰
Īƾ޽ɽʱ׼ʱѡˮ仨ȥҲ˼䡣
ԸԼΪһ


3 
һ磬ϴͣͱ
֮ǰͷԼһȥأ޷Լ֮
ȻǲģȻȥе̶ʮµĻزֲǼ겻˴أֻΪǶˣȴδԶ
õڸۡſڣꤵԶȥ֪һȥһʹ˸ı䡣

ϵ˻ʹĲţӭʱͣˣٻ˼ҵṫվ鲻һϲûţԸġҲɫɫЩѾʮˣЩ뽭һʮ塣Щ㣬ЩȴƽͨЩŻЩȴزۡһ㡣
Ȼ֪ģʱҲвٴڹʱԼŮӣڻʵǰǵøһΣи̫µĴԼҵСʵ̣ʵѵһ٣˵Բ
ԽʹߣԽϤʹ˵ϤĳҲ˵Ϥ
֪ؿʼΪǰЩмģǻʵǲҲԼϤǸ
ϵһһ꿴ɫ̫ÿӣѹǲǽţ
ϻͷһۣЦЦҡҡͷ
һ㣬ôעѡϵֻкã
̹Ȼȥˡ
ѡ̶ĵطǻʹҲǿƿʱеԵĵطѡ̶ڿ״ԪʵȤ
ſվһţеֱڣһһȥġѡֻͬѡһѡˣµı㲻ٿˡ
Ͼ﷢װλſڣٿԵӣʲôʣϾУ֪ٻˡ
˴ԼһյĹվۻˣڽˣ
ʷ򽭽֮ӽϣʮġ
æͷ߽ȥվþˣĽŻе㲻ʹżϰһӡû͹ڵϹ񣺡Сӣziμ£ꡣ
ǳտĵС࣬һССϡ
ܾĵģһ˿Ҳޣ̧ͷʱ򣬾һʮϤ˵
ôԶʲô߽Щ
ŶϻЩ㱣˵ǡСǰ˼Ȼ¹¡
룬ɸе񰡣ò᳤Ҳһģһɣ
׵˵ͷ̧
ԲɵЩͷ͵͵ȥѡʱôЩŮģڵԼôѡƵģ
ţ̧ͷ漴䲻ײһ˫ĺС
һ͵ػعȻͿϵĻʵ
ɫ۷ýĽԼǸ³ֻͷĵᣬҲδȥ겻ʮ꣬÷ǳһ˫бü޵ĵֱۣͦÿı΢΢һߣɫĳĵƳݷϵһ
ϼԼмһģһɵþˡ
Լµһı飬̲ס΢΢˴
󵨣ֱգǰʧǣվŵܹͻȻǳ
ϲ֪ʲô仰òæڵأлˡСӡСӡ
ﾻһʱȴʲô͵ĻҲ˵
׵ķӦȤˡ֪Ϊѡ̶
æ𣺡رµĻС֪
šһ̶ô㣬ڼҶЩ飿
ϸѿ˵徭Ժв֪ʲôƵģĿڵҸСӶ徭С޶ۣЩ飬ֻϵüְˡ
Ŷβǲš
һʱָֻ˼žϱϾ亹ʪС¡ϸϸΧ˶Լۣ˵Լ̫Ƥעڶġ˱ãǻʵȵԼ֪Լڶ飬Լȴǰ׾ԼСͱҪˡ
ð죬ʵ۲ֵûʲô飬ҪôźأƽǼѰʻ
ɽȴԽɱټǸ߸ϵĻʵۣϾЩӶЩһƵĵұҲ빬ɵ˵ͿҵӣҾͱ÷ˡ
Խ˵ԽС̲ס͵͵ȥ
ڻһУ֪÷ӣȴԣ˵Զ˻ݣ͸Լʱãһ̣鲻ãͲʹһֱûԹ
ƹˤƵͯּ͵͵Լ̲סԽȤΪʲô빬޵̶ѵ𣿡
ϼֱӵеþҲϲҹֲܡǶϲȥܵˡ
һĺڵķȾһ⣬ǸˣԸ㹦ܹҫ棬ʱҶ㣬㣬ʲôʲôѵҲ𣿡
˵ü⣬ɽȴᵽΣա⻰ѵ̽Լ᲻Ļλ
ѾݺζȻٶǽӲĻλκ֮ģæҡͷ˵ʲôõģҵԸ⵱ũȥֵأǶڣҵÿնҪ糯д£ҿͷˣ
ĺڵ΢΢𣬴ǵĻԽˣȻ޲ϲǿѣͦϲģ°ɡ
˵ţЦȥˡ
ֻһ˹ڵϣıӰ
ȻˣȻЩͬɽһġ
Ҳ˵ԼȷʵĻӣҲ㽫ԼڻʹˡǣǲԼȥλͲأ

ڵ۰ǰǺͷۡ׵һɫۣԼĪʮͷģ忡ˣмɫ䵭
ǴŹǺӣ
ԣͣеı̧ͷϴһĨ׽͸΢Ц£ҲǸȨ֮ˣǻҵѪŰɣűˡ
ֵЩװģִΣ
һ˿ɫ漴Լ̫СˣǺֻʮ꣬϶֪Լε֪ο͵Χ˶˵Ȼֻ֪ˣ顭ʣӵ꣬ζǰ׾
ԣ˵ͷˣԼɡ¿Ҫţú˳ġ⣬飬㲻Ҫˡ
ǣһЦȻ
ԼġܵܡȻҪúáš


4 
ϱڻʹסˡ
ط֣ԼסĵطȻеĲͬУסڻʵ޹ߣ˪Զ徲Ҳܴ󣬵ʵ޹ĳԶԼһӲŵ
ȴֵ˻ʵ۳ŹķΧ֮УĶǣǴСʵ۵סȴǺܽģֻٲ·ߵ
͸˼ֻüյ̣ôס
ܹͽʮһЦЩֵ˵µ޵Ϊ̶ȻҪ浽ġ
浽ӦʱӰɣ
̾˿ԼѾֵôҪ˷أ
һЩŮ̸˵ЩˣЩϤЩһ
ʱ֪£Ȼ֪ġЩ˶ĸԼʳӣҲʱؼԼԱƿԼ
ΣֲҪλҪӣǼӱˡ
Ƶʱ֣ǰǰӣҪúÿһĻжҲʣټôЩʱ˽źϴ˴˯ˡ
ʲôҲ룬ֻúûţŻȥȡǱˡ
ڶһ磬Ͼ˹̫Ӧطһϴ˯ò̫á
Ůź𴲣ߵҲ̫Щ²ȥ糯ء
̶ʱ֮δʱ̵ʱȻšϺٺЦЦϴЩЩˡ
ʮϤıȣɵЩУȣźң⣿
ȱһ꣬ѾʮˣǵȥгŮģЦЦ˵ʲôźĸӲźֻź׺ӣū澵ĸأ
ˮıˣӦ͵ǣֲٻڹܱС
ЦЦɲǸʡ¶أΪԣ֪Ⱥͱ˶鷳־ƢӸǿҲʮԼġ֪Щźôˣ
ϴָ˷žˡڻʵ۵ĳŹУȴܸţרŵСʳʱ򣬾ͱʮһʹ˰ԵĲʽţԵģϲģǱרζࡣ
ԽĻʹûУԵǶģбÿջŻĳԡ
ùţԺʳ˳Ժķ羰
ʱʮ궬쳣䣬˲ˣǰȴĳľѿݳݺɵʱϣŵů⡣ԽٰٰǵĴǷǳġ
ţԼҲⱲҲ˹ˣɵЩܣ㲻ߣתȥˡ
δʱ̣С֪ͨ˵Թȥź¶ˡ
˵ź飬ͷĽϾûź죬Ҳ㲻ϡź򡱣඼д֣һţʱ򷢴ʱԼ棬ʵҲ档
Ѿ·ˣ·ҲĿбӵģͺһҲƵģ̽˳ƫ
ƫַһܣȫ飬ͬѰ˼ҵ鷿һ㡣
μꡣѡΪ̶ɳơˣҲؼžдˡع£˰
źɫĵͷڣͷдЩʲôһſޱģ񣬵ûƵģͷҲ̧Ҳ˵񡱡
ϵöûɵЩƣ͵͵̧ͷǰŵֻǷ̧ͷߣŵæͷȥ
һߵı΢΢Щȣ漴ڵסÿɻϰߣ
æ˵ϰߵġ
ţÿɷȴô˵ˣϴ
ϴ󾽣ôôԼϴǰô˵ϰߡأҪҪˣ
ȣ̲סװǰѣ۾֮֪۾֮Σ
˶ˣ
룬찡ԭҪɱԼģھҵˣ֪ովʵ˵ˣڿǺãѲҪˣ
֮ʹɲһˣ
Ӹµؿһ׽£ںڵ˿Ժ𣬴˿̱Լŵû̱һ۶µСɫɷףţʯһĴ۾ﶼˣֱֻ˾ŵСӣʮȤ
̲סȭĶٿһ˵Цأɡ
Ͼϲ̧ͷΨƵģл£˵ţæˡ
ĥī֡
Ŷ̹ɵܹȥѰӿ¶һֻסڣ漴īĥī
ᳵ·ʵôĥī
ʶҡҡͷ漴ֵͷСʱҿдֺ棬Ҫĥī˾Ͳˡ
ţˣ
ŷӦԼ˵ʲôæؽͣң˵ȥˣ˵ĥīˣīôãĥҲذĥģ
һۣôϻۣôôûӵġ
תһ룬ֲģȻ񡣵λһûӣġ
ϻں£ѹû仰
ûʲôĥİɡЦ⣬˼ŵеϡ
Ŷϼ˵Ҳ˵һһĥīˡ


5 
ĥīǿģܿīŨˣҲͣ֡
˿̷ֻˣܾĵģֻԽҤ¯ȼųˮ㣬뵵ط
̲ס̧ͷʮֽ
÷ǳÿԶϾΪԶᱻ˵ѹϺˣǽ㲻֮Ӱ죬ʮֿһ񣬼ģûһ˿覴á
֪ɾǸ廨ͷ
ʮǻʮо꣬͢ǰ󹬵˼ʰ÷ûһ˸ӵ˵Ĳʹˡ
ǻʱԻʺΪĸףȻٵ̫֮λŮҰ̫Ҳ̫޴ȻѧֲݰѳֳΪܣôϣܿȻڵľŵܣүӦϽնݳ֮ϣ̫ҲϵԷٲ¡
еԼԼλ˵ʱʮʮԼĶ֣
ԼЦ̫޴ԼҲһ޴Цô
ҺԼѾⲻΪˡ
ʲôһͳ
ϻعԼöˣԼһ˫ĺڵӺ޷׽
æͷȥְֺ죺ûûʲô
ţȻǲŵġ
ϵˣæīȥա
ԼﱻԵʣ¼ˣһСԼֱˡ
ȥûһ˿飬಻һ˿¶ȣҲֻﵹǽ̵á
͸˼һʱҲһػ
ɹһֻȴ쵽ǰֹǽڷָ޳ɫͬϺõָ֬޼롣ĳϣǡҪǣ
ãȻ̧ͷ
üۼȾЩͷҪҪ
ַ̰ϡ
Ƹůеĺܲһ
һԺöޣ÷
ŶæͷͷȴЩңͨͨģֻССӡ
еЩͬеǴܺõģһʼͺܺãǳ׺񣬴Ӳ˵һػôôҪͰϴθֱȴܳӻҪã˺õܳ𽥱ѳȴ̫ء
Ҫǣȫ޷͸žνġʥѲ⡱ɣ
˷ǳ˳صʱҪسˣϱȥ֮Ҳˡ
ϡ
ĵƻͨģĻʵ۷ǳһʱڴ񣬴ԽԱÿ춼㹻ġ
ǳټһ澡
ȹڵϣɫ˳ū澲μ꣡
ûͣеʣͷҲֻ̧˯ˣ
رµĻѾ˯ˣͷźš
ͣеıʣ۷ŵһߣ̧ͷΣ
룬شӺعأֻԺ߶δҲδʳӣƢƺҲ
ޱĿδһ˿˵
ӽղδʲô£ֻڴڷһĴǻδϤԵʡ
ԣȴĬ
Ƭ̣֪ˣȥɡ
ǡ
ƳһվŵһۣʵΪΣ
£ūδ뽭ӽӴʮһСū澵˵λū˵Ӻܹɣٻӵǰ㽾ݡյһһ·ĿбӣҲ˵ɼҽǲġ
𣿡ƵķʣǵİĨЦݴ⡣
֪ϵΪˣ־͵˼ʷӲԸʢȴǫˣߪΪʷ򣬵ǫֱǳ
ĸףز̳̫񻰵Ķӣһ뵽ɫס˳мӵعڵϵӣȴĪĲ

峿
ϱһ̣Ҳûʲô¿ɸɣûʲôҪġ
ϴ룬Լ˯Ƕһ£ÿĸ͵糯
룬;Լһ㶼뵱ʲӻʵˡ
ŵأͼ
ӣǱߴȥźأ
ϣ
Ҳ̶ôҪźţϵС嵽һ𡭡ж಻棬ôƫƫҪ
һȰӣ̶ɱϾǳӣźţƵȥСͷݶ裬ûأ
˵ǧݶԼܲһСǱ²ҪԼ˰ɣ
룬ʵ۽ˣϾܲȥֻ㲻Ըȥ幬


6 
ӵĵط΢һЩϾǻʵʳӵĵط̣Ҳͦء
ǻм飬ƣͷͷҲҿԶԶؾ͹
΢μꡣ
ź£ж̫㣬軻ɳ̧ͷԶԶع£΢䣬޲˵㲻ù𣿡
ϳϻ̳Ͽ֣Ҫ֪ڻУٰãȴҲδճ̬ӣȴҪܾҪԼķͷƤˣæ˵ûйزɷԲ΢ף΢м΢ϾֻһƷ»̴ӣԽء
һʱ㵹ˡ
ԣһȻȻֻ˵̽̽ԼǷв֮ġҺԼǣϲ޵˵ⶼǼҸĹ͡
޻˵
͵ۣǰ£Ƶ˵ʲôźޣ
ŶŶСܹȥģظʢࡢˣڻиΣҲ衣
Ķȴϰߣ浱Լūأ
ԣͣеĶãȻ̧ͷ
Ա˵ҿɲūѲҵܵܣ
ɱ˵ЦˣֲһΡ
ĺڵӾؿ·ڴĿʮֹ졭
Ūýϻ
ð죬ջĿ⣬
Լδأһɫζͦ˵Ÿˣ̲ס͵͵ʿˮ
ˣûţһ
ϲ㱻ˮǺţģ̿ˮѾ̵úѽôأ
˵㻹ûţͷظһ顣
ϲæ˵֪Ҫźţˡ
ü޵Ĵ
ʶҪȥһһֻŽסˣ
˵ˣȥ
ҪˡʵǵҪһʼ͹Ա߿Ҳ뱻ںʲô
СһҪ޵ı飬ȻǡһЦ˳
¿Ҫˡ
ͻȻͺˣҲࣺôˣȥ㸸׻Ϊ۸ء
ϵͷ
Ĵ߻ԽˣջԼĽţˣһŰɡһ
˵΢ң
÷ӡ˵
ϣ
֪ҪˣȻвԼᡣ
꣬㿴һۣҪ޵㣿
һƨ£Сһ˿ڴĸҳ÷ӣ
ƤƳһۣı֡
ŶǹԹԵһš
Ƥڹ꣬˶Ϊ壬ҲĳЩô󷽵öࡣ
⿴ɳԷģ΢΢˶
˵ȷǷǳĹɣعصģ롣
ţϹȻ͵õ÷ӣǣֻš
šϸŭԣֻ÷ӰԹؿȥıӰ
Ȼֻҵū澣Ȼиˣ
롣
ǱȾͿŽСʱ÷ӣһţ᲻óԣֽˡ
忴ʲôʱСˣ÷ʲô˵ȥֻأ
ſڴڣ죺ǹǲǺ
壺
Ȼɣ
Ҳǡתһ룬־ǽ֪ʵ۶Сµòˣ˵ҲǣϾȻᳫڼ󣬵ͷСǿɲһ
Ŷϵͷ˵֪ģǲǾǸˣң
Ҳ֪ʵ
ţжšѧԼģ˵
Ͼ˷ѿǳģܺµˣҲϹһָ̫ңķѹ⡣
²˵㣬֪أ֪˵ĳֹƯʲôǿǱʯأͿǽأ
룬ʲôԼڻ˪˵ĳֹݻʮҸʲô趼ǼֵǵıһŮӣ仹ǸȹݻҲ㲻ʲôֵҫ¡
һϲӣ˵Ҳ̫ݻˣһҪȻΪ¶ʡЩǮӯ⡣
⻰˵⣬ⲻϾ͵Ķ
üŶô˵
æ˵ǵģӻ˵²ףЩӵģЩģӦ£Ϊ·ǲǡ»ʵۻƵģ׵üǧȷū澲а١
ԣЦһ˸֮硣
ʵ۱µƺΪ峿ֵ÷ӡ
ɰ˻ˣ²ذǰغõһóˣȻְµһŲ˽ȥ
һΣΪ÷ӣܾøʲôźãˡ౦֣أʵ۾ˡ
Ϸ·һ룬ˣұӦһֲ˼ô˼ʹأ
ɴԽġԿ塱ԼϾҪǣˡ
עдˡˡ֮󣬱̫ԿΪǡ˻Ĳ븴ٱ죬ǴϡǣҩԱСǣҩǮӣ˷ú˵ͷʼ鴤㲿§Ӷ״ǣСǣҩ


7 
ͿƵĹԼǰ߶µ˵
μ꣬ꡣ
΢΢ü΢΢Źڽűߵˣʲô
ģܾúܣʲôƵġ
϶ˣûû֡
ԣƿȥߵļֻϱֽ̿űʣϰ֡ϰֱϰ֣ʲôµģ
ƺ뵽ʲôҲǹŵĽϣȥϰֵֽһƣüͷԽˡ౦ѣ˾ʲô
֡ǲĿ
ѲԼЦ
ڵϴҲҳĽϣ΢΢𴽽ǣ֡дÿ湻ģʱдģҲõó֡
㶣漴ȴа˿ĵûãԼ֣иʱŤ˵ģܽС硭Լһֺ֣϶ҪɻԼأ
ţҲ࣬Ϊд⣬ԲҪϰѽ빬ǰҸ˵βɻķϣʱҪҵĹεġ
̽ɳ鷨Ǽõģ˶ԼӵĽҲδаи
˵ͷǺ¡
ת֣޽д
ˣУ̹дһ֣ȥˣδⷽҪ
ôޱȲ㸸ףʦķ¶Щá
̹ɵҡҡͷǻ£ʦӵ̫ŷʿӣƵǱµѧ͵ϵʦˣ
˵ţܹѧһվһԡ
˳ӵģ⣬̴ľȦڱɽϵëʣīֽ֭д֣дߵƺˣǰڵֹϸ£ƽϽվѧ㣬Ҫģǹƽȣ󷽿׷վġʱʮֵרģ𣿡
ϣһֱȻֽϡ
ϲ֣ǼõģмȴԳһңһԼۻ֮С
ͷæ˵ʡˡ
ëʵݸдơ
Ͻӹëʣλãԭдһ֣ε˵жÿ֮ǰдģȴǶˡ
ƣüͷ΢ձʵƲԡ˵ţȥձơ
ֻܳԼüܸܵϵζԼִĵطеȣе
Ծغ
ƣҲŰֳȥֱӰֽд֣д
ýȥֻԴһһģװ밶С㣬ŪܺúþһŽ
иǺ˼롭Ҹ磬ڽд֣ÿдҲǶÿġ
һдˣͷ𣿡
䲻ţһĲɵѧͻȻӵƵģ͵תæͷᣬˣ
ɫ죬ҪЩʲôͻȻ˴ˣ
£Ҫڳš
̧ͷ֪ˣһȥ
ǡ
ϼ£æ̧ͷվŵ˵ҪҪˡ
֮Щ߰ɣ
˴ӣƽϣֻúϰ֣Ҫġ
ЩԸ˵Ŷ
Ѫϰ֣һʱú棬˼飬Ū˾ģǶȤ
ۿ󲽣Ȼæ¹ͱ£
ԽˡǲϣԼϰֵôԼд֡ԼĹˣͲ¡̻ͽܣʦ𣿻ԼĶ֣ѧʲôҲΪǣ
Ҳֻ̽Լأ
һ뵽ܣĶǵģҪԼĹΣʵϾ뿴ԼǷϲд֣Լһֳڶд֣ĳЩ츳ͻɱɣ
ԽԽԼգëʣǰҲдȥˡ
ˣԼͲд֣ȻҲϣԼд֣ǲǸ˳Լ˼˲ųڵűɱǻһʲôȴƽŵķ
ׯô˵ţ
ΪǶҷβͿк
ӣὫҷβͿС
⣬ϽëһӣԺȥˡ

æ鲻飬ȥ˽ϵ̶ƵʱֲԼ˹£
ҹֵֵҹʶǱ壬Ϊ˻Щ˵ҲЩ
չһ죬ߺ󣬰Ҳδд
üŶʲôˣ
֪Ź˺֮أ
ŲԶ뻪ĺʯ棬ź̺ӣȴЩΪѵ˵ӡ׽ȥˡ
ԣ̲ס͵ȥƻʵ۵ɫ
ȻɫһӺǴЦͯȤ㲻޵Ļϡ
ϸ룬Լϣ̰治֪£ýһʲôʲôķ
ô˻ķѧҵȴǲأ
ñ£Լ̲סߡźʱõ˶֪˼ʱж֮һ
˼أͣ½Ų
ΪóһۣԼҲΪĲ˰ɣϾԼˣϲ˲̲ܽ



8 
̶ʱ򣬽ϳһдֽ
һۣ沿ûаֱ仯ɽȴظо仯ˣ
Ƴ˹վһԵĽһۣʲôʱдģ˶ٹ򣿡
ϲ˵ѣֻôͷԵ˵ոдģһӵĹ򡣡
뿴̰治ҵݸһ̲ɵĻɫݳѶ˼
ʲôԼģǰ
ơ
ͷģȫһη¶/ֳ/ӽѵСӣ̲סͱסЦݣֽܿһֱߣ㿴֣дͬ˯ſƵģʲôֱ𣿷û޵Ļȥú
ϰͷøˡ
һԷŵĽߣ
͵̧ͷؿ£
ĺڵ
ֻÿذȥСģһ㡣
ߣһ㲻޵Ļʮ£˵ţ߸߸ߵؾžһڽϵġ
ǰ۵һӡӡ
ʹᶼɹ˼Ӳҧ촽ûԼ޳
žڶϣϾԼʹľˡ
žžž£Ȼ£ϼǴһ¶һ£ڼƤǽ̫Ҳܹĥ˵ĳͷĵίˡ
ϣԼ̰治ڶ飬ԼѾ̰ˣôҪԼģ
۸ˡϺſǻ˵仰Լˡ
Ҳһ㶣漴˭㲻޵Ļ
޻˵ϾǻʵۣܽˡĥˣҪô
ֻԽԽί޵ҲԽģܾԼѾ˲ףΪζԷҪԼͷԼ
޵ģ˶һһģĵһ˿ð죬ֻ̬ǰҿ
ϹɵذȥʵؿǿߣˣдˣҪˣء
䲻ĻЦˣٱסҿٴ¡
̧ͷʵءؿϴЦݣ֪ԼģԽбģ˼ңҪñȡ֡
Ĵߣ̲סͷϵһ¡
ղ̶ˣɡ
Ŷͷĵط㶣漴æ˵˾䡰ˡתһܳȥˡ
СܳȥתͷһźԸʮһúҩȥ
æūס
룬ּһ䣺ٴ÷ȥ
Թ
ȻҲƻʵΪλһСС̶ãܹ鲻ū澸ôģֻɱµķԸˡ
ֻҲӣԼúϵˡ
ǵϵʱ򣬽ϱǸүһ㣬̯֣һһ׵ι
ôǱ²أһʵ
˵¾Ͳģ˾첻˵˵Ϊֵ£û֣ҪңҵĶǲ֪ʹˣʮ£ҵûң
룬ʲôƾʲô۸Լ
º󻹴ҩ÷ӣǴƸôŲϡ
ιıԿ˿׵ģҲֿģ֪ǱǶϲĻģɲǽ𣿴ĶģҪԵˣ˵Ͱˡ
ϻڶ̲ס˵ߣӾͰӣˣ۸ң
̲סۡЦ˵Ӵӵӻͦ󡣡
ԣ͵طӦΧȫˣ⻰ǱˣԼмԴѽ
Щ˰˵ҡҲˣֻ˴򣬻Ը
±Ⱥͱ˶Ц
Խ䣬ֻ˹ȻǻʵۣΪƸΪ꣬ԼôŶ׼ƢҪԼβźã
Ƕд֣ˣԼı㡣ǲдֲ֣ˣΪԼĻ
Ŷ˼ҪԼĻд֣Ƕ¹ƨͨдŤôҲˣ
ϴĦ˰죬ԼĦ˼ġʥ⡱Ҵպͷ׼
ϣʵ潭ϵ״ʱʵ۵ľүҲڳ
ձһһʮ棬ȥˣһԵĻ壬ΪΣ
ү΢΢ۣ忡һ˿Ϊʲô
һ磬漴ʶ
̧һۣҲپڴˣΪΣ
ģȻ̫ᡣʱɣҲͦ£ףЩ
޳ָؿŴϵۣ˫Ŀ΢΢ţ֪뵽ʲôƬ̣۵ǿ˾ӡ
һ˵ԹŰĲݣɱˣĸǸʲôˡСЩΪá
ྲ˾漴ЦǰĲݣ̫һˣ
Ծһ£漴üᲢۣԻϥ³ŷĽ̵ǡĲݡ
ȴ֪ΪΣЦҡҡͷ壬޹۲գȷǴ֮ˡ˵޺̫ҲǷ࣬οޱ곤࣬ѲɻƲ⽭ɽҲҪʧ˵ġ
衿˼죬ŵµ˼ǡҪӣúý̵úˣ
ҡҡͷһ¶ۡ׶׳𣬶ĺãȴҲ㲻ǷҧһڣɼѲġν·ң֪վüģպɣ
ԣ¶ָӣд㣬Ҳ˵ʲôˣԸܸµ˼µĶźá
ЦЦû˵


9 
һ磬Ǳǲ˹ýǰȥźš
ĵΪϺõҩѾ࣬еǹȴδԶԶڵϹ£˵
μ꣬ꡣ
ߣƤӿһۣ񣬹
Ŷվ߹ȥĲԶĵطͣסˡ
һۣվôԶʲôźޡ
ϱӲͷƤ߹ȥʢ಼ˣȻĬĬؽǰһԲصͷԱվš
ֿ࣬ڶˣɵԺã۽ǴЦ⣬ʵô޵
˵ϲҡ
̰θţң㵹Ǻܸ
϶θ׻Ǻ£ƯĴ۾ʪ⣬ЩûУΪ̶ֻǱµһū澣¹ܽϣϵĸ
ڻʵУԼҲǱϵİɣʹһѪҰ֡
ԣɫ̲Ծӵؿ۽ϣвɵǡ
֪ѹ֪ԼǻѪҪǷ˵ײԼˡ
Цһǣ㲻޵һū澣ʲôʸǶ
˵Ҫˡ
еĸһͷˣһҲãҲѹܵܿѵ
ԼڹеţԼﲻҪˡ
Ӹµۼһεˮںĵ̺ϣܿʧ̲ס
ԼʲôǸʮĴСڼҲһߵСүܹίԼֺαѰĲʹ졣
˾˺һ˵ȥһ÷
ǡ
ܿ죬һС̹һ÷ӽˣһ÷ӷ뽭Ͻϡ
һۣҪԾԼ
̧ͷʵؿһۣС˵ū澣
ԣ͵תͷĵؿһۡ
ŵվã
ԼûϵԼķӦô죬붼û롣
ְԼôôûأԼôһ۾ų
⣬ôԲͺˣ
ϲ˵
˵ߣֲҵܵܣʲôҪԣ
ţͻȻ߽̽˵ʲôתͷ˽һۣ˵ɡ
ϲ֪˵ʲô˭ѽûһͼϴһ糺Ĺ۽ˡ
ϱǳ糯ʱʵۣ̽һ̽ʵ۵Ŀڷ磬֪ԼڹеһƫȴԼӾʵһͬţһţ
ŵ겻壬ҲУΪ˻㴦䲻¹
΢μ£
ϲ⣬ܹȥôˣ
Ϊ֮أ
̵һۣ֣
ЦЦƽ
ԼԽϲץĹ۲Ϸ֣˵ǲҵģǲǣ
ǰʧǣɺͳһ֣һֳ࣬Ȯ֪ñ¼Цˡ
ŽϣߵЦζϲ
ϲ֪ΪΣ仰˺
ȴ෴˿ԼƯôĪ΢΢˰ףеĻҲ˼֣϶϶ĸ
ĺһø˵强ȥˡ
һϾԼߣˣɫص϶빬⼸գǷһ˳
Ȼ˵ͷá
ֺɵʵôһţ
ϵô֣ϾڻУǹкаԵСʣҲʹˣ½һµġ
ϵüͷ΢΢ﲻ̫Ծ
Ǿ仰һ㾪ĵĻɣ֪Լײ֪£òת
㶣漴ﶼԾ
ϵĶ
漴˵֣ҪҵĹΣ̰治棬Ҫҵģ
ϣҳɲţ仰סû˵
Ͼ£ϣ֪ʼ֪˿ɲʲô¡
ԣ̲סһʵȷʵǰԼӵСӿġԽзʢУԼҲ
ϣԼ·
Ƭ̣Խ϶вȼСģʱʱע⣬𣿡
ϵ˵ͷ˵ұȵ㶮ö
ϼɵģִһʱƻԽԽɫ̾˿У϶ӦԼĸ֣ҪԼ·ʡ𣿡
ͷ֪˵ʲôǹɵص˵ͷʡãİɡ
ڹвûһ뿪ˡ
̶ʱʽ׶˵ʲô
룬ԼǼ仰Ҳûʲôɸ˵ģһ׶Լ빬Ķӵˣ㽫Ļԭԭ˵һ߸
ʱںȲ裬ղ㽫ˮ
ķϾȴСʱв֪뵽ʲôЦȴʧ˴ǡ


10 
ϴӹг뵽Լ¶֪µĶӣ̲סҡͷ̾
̴æӭˣظ񣿡
룬ͷȴһС˼æس˵
ʷҼ룬ҵ¥һ𡣡˵ţһ̳ʸ
ɻؽӹ̣ھϷһ衡֣һ϶Ӳһ忡ɫѿк·Ը㴫˰ɣ
С΢Цҡҡͷ˵뽭ʷ̸źã˶ԽʷΪأȻ뽭ʷ̣ʷ˵أ
⻰˵ѾԽˣɽ֪޷ܾǰС˵Ļ
ɫ粻ǵ߰ɡ
ϽӣӱС˵£¥ȥ
¥Ǿľ¥ȴǾΪµġī࣬вĴٹˣ¥ȴ˿ң඼ɪ֡˾ӵܼƷ񲻸ߵǲ˵ģҲл£ƵǷ֮ء
һյĹ򣬽ϵĽӾ˰¥ſڣ¥ĵСϵ֪ӶĿ֮˾ʶҵҪȥͼ˸ƣ̾˵һȥˡ
һֱ¥ǻʵ۵ĶĿ״־ð¥Ҳδزɡ
ǰС¥żߣߵ÷ַʱС˱ͣ½Ų˳سͷ
ӣʷˡ
ֻһϤͳ˵
С˱㿪Źȥ
ϰٰ㲻ԸȴӲͷƤߡ
ȥȻһ״ߣɫĽ£ý˿߻ƣںڵ˿ס٣˹ĵͬž޲Ҳֻ˵
ʷˡ
Ϲ¹񣺡¹ٲμүǧꡣ
񡣡ү衿ɡ˵ţöϣŷϵĲˮȥһȲ裬˼µĵġ
бλֻʣ衶һֻõ¹ٲҡ
̧һۣüۼ˼ֲã뱾֮仹ίʲô㲻󵨣Ҳв֮ʱ
б⣬ֻͷһ̣̲ס˰ףǣ¹پԽˡ
˵ţ
衴ӿ֣̽ǽڷסɲ豭΢΢һڣȴʼδ뿪ϡ
΢ͷ㲻̧ͷֻԼϣԼѿѡ
ð죬衲ŷ빬ȥˣ
ǡǵģȮף¹ٵڹдǱ²죬ʶǰȥ̽ӡ˵ţʲôæ͵ұ棬˭֪ȥʱźţʶʶ
衿Ⱦ˼⣬Ų豭ֻͣס˶豭ŵϣȴ󣬲豭žһˮЩޱؿŽϣһ̶Եȥźţ
ɵܼˣ仰Ҳ˵
ֻһ̶衻еĲø˼֡
ɱ¡ϻδ˵꣬Ц
˼ǣд
Ҳ
ˣ衴ĻӦϴɭ䣬һķ΢żؿѻֲ̿ĽϣˣӦˡϣϣܺúþĶӣ²ǱзǷ֮룬³ûˣ
ϻһǾûϵ˵ⷬһԾؿ漴ָȴѿǴı顭ѾʮȥˣΪʲô϶Լˣ
Ϊ϶Ҳˣ
һ뵽иȴǷŭһȭ÷̲סվ衵̫ˣδӸ¿Ҳδй˵үҴδ㣬ʮǰ²ҲգҲգ֮޹أ϶Ҳϣ빬үǾʣؼαң
Ҫ֮С۱֮˳үΪ׸УƴһȣǸΪ;֮ܳˣôүǲϲҸӶˣֱӽҸӶ˸ϳǱˣֺαصˣܵǰɫǸӣ˾ǾΪ
衱˵һ㶣漴ɫһϣ뱾˵
ϵڳóʮصˣʱƹˤӲˣʷɵٹ٣Ǳֱ棬ʷԡ֮үȴ˵ʣүǱȱ»Ҫ֣
һα˵ƿԡ
ֻڳϼʶϵֱԼɣȴ֪гһս׼ԼҲͱˡңɫȻ忡ϱƽ˼ɫ޶ʮǰǸһȵҹ
ϼסˣɵҲЩ졭үڳǳĲ顢ִĮΪÿ󣬹ʶڳ˽¶˹ôԼ˵ˣҲŭ
Ϊ̫ڶɵˣ
ź֪غҪǳҲء
衵ɫ̽ŵү£¹ٱȣȸ˰ɣ
Ϊ衻òߣҪۣû뵽ֻһ˵
ȥɡ
ϱҲƵĳˡ
룬ԼҲ㵨󣬾衣Щ֪ͬ°ͶҪһأ
ȥ·ϣڽϸϸʮǰ׮£ԽԽòζ
ʮǰнʿΪûˣھ٣μĿԡԵĵϣԼû뼸һͬԵľȥ¥ȾơǼ˺Ⱦʫķ֮£˭֪ʤز˼ңֻ¥Ŀͷڡ
ڶ֪ģͷԼһӳͬһŴϡ
ϼʷͷһϳŷǵӵ壬ү衣
һֱΪΪ;ĴΪԼˣǳֶνŵûˮ̡Ϊɹٵλϣһֱӡʮһ仰϶£ⱲҲн
룬ϳԿԼʮԼڳдδйһ˿н̤ƫаӰбʲô
衶ʮǰǻ¹ڻסţδ̫ˡ


11 
ӹ÷ɿ죬빬Ѿˡ
ϺӦеӣʱϱȥźţʱæţ̶ҲˣԼһΧϹ棬ԹϤ㲻ŹķΧҲҵԼӡ
в̫һ̬㲻ϺãܶʱҲֻҪԼԣ᲻ĻͲᶯŭҲϻġѳӣΪеӰ죬㲻ö̫ãʶҲ̫ݣƢӽĽ
ʱʱĹΣѾѧˡҪ̫ãҲ̫£ĻôҲ˼ɻ䡣
һйȻ飬ѾǳŬдֻǲֱӣ֮ǰ빬ʱнҲһֻ۱һֻ۷ȥˡ
ϻԽˮҵƤӵ»ķǿϷᳫġӹ֣ʲô¶Ҫ̫ãҲҪ̫Ͳˡ
ڹȻڰ
Ѿ³ϲݳݺɣ
ŹмһʢԶԶȥͬɫϼ˵ˡºصĶ£״ͱȱһһһۣһݲ裬һۿ㣬һ۸ġ
ӣ¶źһ۵ֱۣڷһ㴹ʣԳһ˵ߡ
ˡһǸʮַĻƣûһ;ø첲ˡ
Ъɣū澺ͱˡЦ
ϡŶһԼԼż̧ͷԶ
ǽķҺܸߣߵǹԶաףʲôϾؽһ
˳ԶƣֻһֻɫѤֽչ߷ɡԼһСڷŷݰɣ
ϱ˻УеڷŷݣҲŷݣһִֻƯ÷ݸֻ̫ˣŲȥһǷݲȵ÷飬ˣҲֻЦЦ˵˾䡰֡
̬ȣ²ٸԼ˰ɣ
ԼҲǸɵģ˼ҸԼԼҪûˣ۰Ͱ˼Լһֻ
̲ס̾˿
ڱȺͱ˶һۣΪĽ˼ҷֽ𰣬׼ڽ±ʵۡ
ûϵǣ磬ȴȥ˼֦˵ҪԼݡ
ֻǷ򵥣ҲɼУһѹûѧģúãⲻڶȥţŲ
û٣Žи
ˣ˵
δ˯£ݣء
Ŷü漴ȥ
Ȼͼֽ֦һСϣһزֽءһԣñƬ֦
ˣͼæ¶
񡣡վūǶȥˣŻܣ֪ʵʲôأ
ѽ۾˵һֻŲٸĸģ˵ܷ
̲ס㻹ݣ
ûԹ⣬ѲɻûҲкһԵֽŲãǰŵĶǽģҼ˼ݡǰ꣬ԣȥĴҾվԱ߿žġ
λӸµؿʵ˭
ǻ˵ĶӣǼҸǼھӣǺѡһֽ߰óɺӣһ˵Ĵʲôᣬдúã书ҪǻݣķִƯĻҪãÿηŵöҸߣᣡ
ˣĪؾͲˬһ˵ˣһǻʵأ
Ͳݣ˿ûв˶ԻеĲԾСдĪ
վ˵˭˵ģҲġ
ϰһ֦Ƶǰ˵Ǳƣ
߹Сϣ֦ȻûԹ⡱Ҳûܡݣؾôһ°ɣ
ǻʵ۾
Ȼͷ֣治ݡ
תͷһϣǺſС˯ˣ˯𣬿ˮˡ
̲ס˵Ķǣߣ޸ݣԼ˯
ϲʵض˶˻ʲôˣ૵˵λҲҪݣҪһִƯķݡ
̲סЦ⺢ҪȴʲôڣǵԼǡɵɵۡ
ѽϱϴ齣Ǻޱ漴ŵسˣվſںŵ˵ҹȥһֻݣִƯСϲ֣֮ǰ͵
æǡ
˵ҹģĶѽ
תͷޱضԱȱ˵һô˵ﶼװɣ
Ⱥͱæ
ǵڶһ磬һۣƼ˷һԵģһִֻƯĺݣ·һ̾Ҫչ߷ɣ
ϲˣ뿪ʣ˵
ˣ¸һϵķݣŻȥģƣϲϲ
˵ʲôϲϲϸжöҪˣ
һϵķݣϼֱţֿЦ޲ðѷݱڻһڡ
Ȼū澻ƭɣһ˵˯ˣһֲֽӵģŪ˺һޣȥʱ۾ˡû˵ָ˼ʲôģǺø´μǵúúлл¡
Ųлȥᣬȴ̲סЦݡ
֪᲻öãͷôﶨȻҲԸ
ϾԼĵܵѽ
ָԼݵķϣԼҲΪԭĲ


12 
һţϾȥŷˡ
Ź󣬵ǲڽϤΣܵ˳Ź棬ס˪˷ݡ
Լ̫̫󣬾һ㡭޷ݷȥ˺üǿݷȥûһָͷƵģŷžʹϵˡ
ڵϣϸϸؼһݣûˤһ
ģɲˤˣ롣
ҲǸ¶Լ̫ȴקŷҲûãݸɲ
ڵϷأͼһ˫ɫĽѥԼ󻹸һ˫ɫĹѥǰһ͵̧ͷ
ݡ
˲һӣźɫֺۣƺ׵磬԰ϲһ˫ƯһۣЦЦЦִżַΡ
Ǹѹء
ʶүĵһ꣬֡ʱöţ˳ƹ񣺡΢μݿ¡
ȴüϴЦôʶ㣿
΢Ǳѡ̶ϣª΢ʶҲʵʵش
ǵûǺܲϲġֵԣԼоġһӵģϴЦģкüʱ򣬶ˣǽܹܵóܴиоԼ಻ϲԼ
룬ľүҲϲԼԭߵ˶ϲԼôԼ̫̫ԵԵ
Щ䡣
ʲôأǰһڵϵķݣֽ𰣿
ϵ˵ͷ
Цôûзȥأ
ϵʱƵĵΪΪ̫̫󡭡
￴һۣǵЦã˵ɣ㡣
˰æϸǺܸ˲ŶԣȴЩΪѣڵҲҲӦ
ɻĿ⿴ôԸⱾ㣿
æҡҡͷ
ԸԼԼж²ǣԼһСС̶ܵÿµԮ֣Ӧм㣿
һ뵽ֻģͲˡָԼķݣԼӦͶұֽȥ𣿼ˣʲô֮УԼǷݲˡӦֲ
ֻҡͷ˵Ҫ˵ʲôи
ڴʲôأ
ȥֻŵһȺ̣߹ˣޱģ鲻̫á

šһ漴ŵĽϣʲô
Զԡ
㿴ߵȴ£ֻ˵ԣôп빬
ԡ֣֮ȡֻ֣г֮˲ſɳ֣ɼ˸жá
ЦЦµһ˵ά漣һƷһ
ȷһС˱Żᡣ˵ͷֿ¹ŵĽ˵Сˣ
￴ϣЦЦ˵ǣŷݣԸ⣬أǲҷŷݼ̫
¹ŵĽæ͵ǡ͵͵һͷϲһū澣ͷ˿
ޱǸݡ˵ȴ֪뵽ʲôü࣬Сɡ
ϡŶһŷˣл˵ϸˡ
Ҫ£סһȡ
ͣסŲã
ﳯ߹ȥסֻݣȤζ˵ֻģǲҲȥһֻ
Ͽ֪ò˵Լأ֪ͦԼõģһ־ûʵݸ̶˵ȥ̫ҲͷҲʮּɻأ
˶ӣǵЦζͽ͸Σ
̲סŷݺһ¡ޱ顢ۿŵ˿ڿˮЩ̿ƵĵǱϵģ䲻ֵǮ˵ǷҪ취һֻõĸ¡
ŷݣһ䱦Ƶģ֪뵽ʲô̲ס￪ڵôˣ˼Сӵһֻݣ
ԣ̲סЦðɣӲá˰ɡ
ϿζЦݣܾе֣֣˵
һۣջ̫ˣȥ幬ȼڲڣ
ЦУ߰ɡ˼תͷԽ˵С϶㲻ҷŷݼ̫ΪҲ˰
ʶһ䣬ȴԾ
ɵģѵõﴽǣȴٲߣޱȥˡ
úúãȥЦţæȥˡ
ϱŷݣ˽Զֻɵɵվԭأ뵽׷ʲô


13 
һˣ㽫Ǿάġɽѩͼóչʾ
Ħڵ֮⾳ʫлʫ뿴˻Σ⾳Σ
žϸϸһأ˵ʫͨҲ˵Ȼ
һֻۣ΢΢Ц
˿ʲô
ЦԵã˼ȫڻϰˡ
Ŷüﴽǣ֪ʵ˵޵˼ȥˣ
ܹ鲻ҵĻϡ￴ı飬ЦʵСС̶ĪǱ³裿
һ㶣漴ȴЦˣתͷԷΪ˶ô
̹̹֪Լˣˣˡô̶
Ȼ򣿡ü漴ùյԼһȲ衣
Ȼţֻǲ˵˵ҼССͣΪֹȴǴ󷽣ƽͷģսĪǽʷҵĶӣ
˵ͷš
ҿͯɣǳǸ֮ˣֻһ벻ͨ
£
΢΢Цݣ޳ʳָ˿棬ңʰ˵μݿ¡ҴδҲӦδңôһ۾֪ݿ
ԣҲ̲סü
Ҳôʶ㡯˵ª΢ҲʶҲЩﴽֻһʵ˵ˡ
ĬֵҲֻɺҲ˵
üͷȻûɿϲʮ꣬ٻȥֵĳϣοòסܵһ۾ͽϳ˵ɺδҲ̫ǣǿˡ
ֻһֿܡǰǹ߻׹ĳࡣ
һ룬黭
̲סĶȥ⽭ϸˡ

δʱ̣ǰ̶
ûж飬ֻģˣҪĥī
ҪõīīˣӦһܡ
̧߽ͷһۣ漴ͷȥ
ϼޱؿԼһۣĪؾ͸оĲơ޶˵ؾܸܵĲá
һ룬Լûʲô¶ѽôʵԼأ
ѲɽûæŷݣԼ˵ʲôĻ
ҲԼĿԵѽܹô
ԽԽīȶƿزˣһ۵оˣҲ̧ͷֻ˵
ô£
ŵī֪
ֱӱЦˣתͷֻô£֪ʲô˵ʲôޣ
ҡҡͷ͵͵̧ͷһ̵ͷȥҲݿҷŷݣΪֻǱָģţҪԷȥźãԲšš
˵ȥ
ϲ֣־壬ǹݿԵģ
ԣȴЦһӸµؿϰϣô˵ֺޣ
ˣ漴˵ͷ
룬Ҿֺ㰡һˣҪңιҺȶҩô죿
ֱӳˣɫࣺ㸸׽ôģ
һ㶣˵£Լģͬһô˵ĻԼأ
ͷס°ͣǿ̧ͷԼޣǲ㸸׽ֺ޵ģ
̽Һʹ㡭
ô°ͶҪϵˣ
ȴΪţ
ϵֵˣҲ֪˵ʲôΪʲôͻȻôףء
һı鲻٣ŷſһ⣬ʵشޡ
۾û˵
㣬ôʶģ
Ҳû룬ͷ

ϻ˵ڲŷӦԼ˵ʲô϶ҪʲôΣҿɲ˵滰϶Ҫɱҡ
ȻʲôΣ
棬¿һĻ¸֮ǰһ˸Σμи磬ҿɺˣʲô¶ҡˣͰĳ໭ҵˣ˵ݿôʶģұ˵˸Σ˵˼ҹΣ̫Ľиˡ
˵ţգŴ۾һ޹ؿ룬㲻ܵܣҲҪҸ磬Ұݿ磬㣡
ϸϸ˽ϵı飬α־ô˽̫棬ô㽫ƣ
Ŷ
ֽ̺ϱ˱ʣҧűʸ룬漴ֽϻ
СӦϵҪϰֲҲ̶ãпɣܱѰʮҪһЩ
ⲻһӾͻ˻漴˷ܵ˱ʡ
ֽϵ߷еϺЦ׺ݣм񣬵ΪϺܿЦݣǡ෴ˣǲϤ˵˿⻭֮ˣһЩ
Żˣȴɵסˡ
˸Ҳȷе˵ʵԼţ˸ǳһˡ
ǣǰ
ϣ˵ѵӦޣ
°ͣС˵ŲǣʲôʱЦ
̲ס°ͣĵţ
̹ɵصͷţǱ£Ǳ£
˵Ķǣԡ
Ͼ죬˵Ӷڲ֣ΪʲôҶֶŵģ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôתͷʽϣ㲻˵ݿΪʲôŷݣ
̺֧֧ɡɷǱ¡ѽ
Ҫ޺һ磬ѡ˭ʳڣԼҲɵ㶡
Ͽ˿룬漴ѡ㡣
ȻﶾһֱǵĺáҲǱϵĿģûмֵ飬ԼҲϵĻᶼûаɣ
̱Īȡˣȴüô޶ôףҪ㣬㻹ѡޣѲΪֺޣ
ȴͷ˵ѡ㣬Ǳ¡
һ㶣漴ȴӦڸеֻüĴǴЩȣֻҲܵܵġ
ϿҲЦˣлл㣬ҡ


14 
³ʮʳ
չжٻŴʳеűĺó࣬ڶڶġ춹ڶġõڶģӾ£ѰĻࡣ
罭ϳţЩʳˣ˲òȥʳҪʳձס˵δȢδ޵Ůͷϵ´ƿϡÿ꺮ʳҪ֦ɹڴͷϣ˵ǱƽġҲѰ֦ȻҪһȥ̶ʱ򣬺͸
ǵóŹϱߵķر˾ʹűһȥˡ
ر߹ȻҶïʢ֦ϸ羵ĳϣϲ
˵´Ƽ´ҲƼŲԶ˷ܵͷ֦ÿȣ˵أ
ЦЦӻʫأɵץʱ䣬˾͸ϲسŹˡ
ϵͷҲǣ±ֵôҵĶ˵ţرȥ
Ȼ߹ȥϴŮӵ˵ټˣİŮӵسǱ߿ȥ
ֻһŮӣԼͣüοˣҲһϮ´źϻͼȹίأ嶣졣Żķ٣ޱĻϸϸܵװīڷĵˡ
ˣȻʶġ
󹬵٣Ʒ׸ߵģ޼һˣ㻹ʣһ÷һ楣һˡǰŮӣˡ
ԪյĵŮагˣԡڻԸһСС̶ȴڹкУùõĶ鷳
ΪӣһСŮӼƽϣ˵ˣĳֲһգʲôãϱǲ⵹ˡ
񣬽ϲĳ裬ָѧˣҲһСŮӹȥ˼̴ӵ߹ʵʵع
΢μˡ
ϻľ飬ˣֻΪˡ
˿ߵǰԶͣԭΪ˲ṇ̀ϸһȴŴ̲ͬԳơ΢ǡū澡ɵ˼ɻ󣬱Ǻˣôڴ˴
ʵ΢Ǳµ̶нϡ
ˣϾͲɵȾ˼񡭡װͯ˲һꡣǰ˵ʵѡһ̶ʵǲһˡϾʵʵ̫ˣҪɻʵǲǲϲŮˡ
ͷ̧
仰вɵ˼գֲū澣ôҪͷ̧㿴
Ʒ»ױȲһƷĺֻʵʵ̧ͷ
˼Сɣ峺Ưֱͦݺ촽һɫĶԽ£żڷɣǣǱͯҪʮٱֲ١Ȼ϶ԼĲ²⣬ôǻʵ۵殳裬ǽ̶ͷˣ
ʣ˭̶Լסһأ
Ӱ˰ǣȥһĨмЦݣǸͯʲôڱСūһ޶ġ
ԣĹĵ̧ͷô˵أ˭ͯ˭ū澣
ٲҲʷĶӣǸҲ˵ū澣
벻ᶥ죬̶ݺݵصСҪ㣬ֱСΪ㡯ô˵ģû˽ô
ѧĹȻнϣѲɶһֻҲҪعؽôϵɽϵݵѧ˸ʮ㣬ⲻǹأ
˱׵˵㡢㡱˺þãŸСƼ죡Ҳ˷
ǣƼĹվ˳ӳ˹
ϻδ˵ŵıǰԴǵ
ˣҼҹӱعأǸ빬˵֪أ빬Ѿãд֪µƢ˹Ӱɣ
Ӳʩһ̨ףȴǸģ
ñѹСˣһЦԲɣǸƷ»̶ȴǴƷĹˣѲɻܽѵƼ֣
ӣϣæȥ书ԷĶ֣һŤ໽С
ϹһԿţȥⲻñ·ϵͷʱִˣȥȸ״ֶ۵ģʱ϶϶ĴܷҪ˱ȣȴǲֵˡ
ˣסȵȣס֡
㶣ȴͣ
˶
ͷԽˣҪ㷣ɡ
˵ţͷȴ̾˿룬ҺʱܹίƷߵ÷Ҳܹ
˾Ӹ¿Ϸ̲סЦʶ࣬Ƽ죬Ҳ˵ͣ׼ͣ
ӣ̲סһ
Ϊ֪ǰ겢ʲôλ΢̶ǵµ׵ܵܣĻӣ
һС˼裿
Ͽ˿ȴֻǴӣЩįرͷ
žһ£ϱᵽһߣڷɢסĺ
ҧסŬԼгҪ׼һƣȴһѹŭ
ס֣


15 
ѭȥֻʵ۴һɫͼ̣ˮͬʵذס
һ㶣漴æǰ񣺡檲μꡣ
ϴŽģò󹬣óûӭԼУţǰһҪڣȴʵֱԹǰȥߵʱֱֱضŴͷڵϵĽϣⶼδָ
㵵ش
ֻߵǰԶĵطӸµؿʲô
ϵʹͷ̲ס˿ڿˮΪܸоŭƺʮԭûŪʲôѽ
Ī
룬ʵֱڿ죬ͻˣڽѵҡ
վŵţҲ֪̫Ծæ߹ѽСӲ̫أǡǹһСС̶檣Ҫѵߵū澻ҷ£ʵ̫ˣ빬ܹȵ裿ҪΪ
ˣϵ˼֣Цô
æͷǡ
㣬˭̶˭ˣ
ǡǱµˡ
֪޵ˣ£Ҳѵʱֵ޽ѵѲɣҪ޵ˣ۳һɨͬʵĺһ㣬һ䣬̲סɪһ£Ӧѷڵأ
ˡ֪ˣ
δֻϹŵĽϣͷ̧޿
ϱ㻺ͷֻ̧Ź⻬СϣȻĸʺָӡССⴽϣһĨۡ˫ۺˮ޹ִƺܵѪζ̲ס򣬷ɫⴥ̺죬ұޡ
ĺ˳ɫȴԽѿ˭޹
ţѹֵķŭȴԣ·Ѿѹֵ˼ޣһѹյĵݣὫŭй
ŴϵĹŮƼæعűߣһֺģɪɪͬɸūֻǰС°£
̲ס̧һŽ߷ڵأĻĹūȥһ٣ȥҴͥ
££ƼʵãæԼˣקȹڵСңСң
ԼҲŵ÷ȥһū澣һѣýϽߡ
ĵؿޱϣ״ݲϣԽΪˣ£ȥ޺ú÷ʡɣ
һʱľ漴Ӧ̲סϥеʵǰߵ£檲Ƿһ̶ôҪΪƷοֻһƣ̶Ӿôôˣ檲Ұ
ˣ̲סҲ
ֻԣϵЦ̧ͷȻŵֻſߣıЩҲˡ
˵ˣ޺ʱ˵ˣ
յˣѲɻǱµ殳ô
һ˿磬ָܿЦΣ޳˭ҪʣȻ֪޵ˣ͸޹Զ㣬޿Ѱʹ죬飡
ˣعȥٳǰ
εȻ飬״һæȥҪУĲס͡
ǰ˼ߵǰִϥǣᱧһţ̲ס𶯣ûӵģ
ȴҲ̲סؾ죬Թؿκÿ°̲ͣסʺ
߻سŹ·̽ʵ
£ᣬū澽иɣ
Բ֪뵽ʲôǾ޷޵ġˡ˶ԴҲӦ
ҲЦЦ˵ȥˡ
ʵҪʹ˿أýЩԽϴŮ֪ʲôʲô
Ϸڹϣֽбȥȡ˱Ϻõĸҩ
Ŵ۾㶵ؿЩֵˣ̲ס˵£ʲôСˡ
ϵ㶣漴ޱ˵סڸڵˡ
Ŷסڱ¸ڣǱµġˡˣϾһ
ȴ̲סЦֵ˵Ķǡ
Ϊǹ˵ʲô𣿡
ЩĹĵ˵ū澣˵ġͯȻ֪ͯʲô˼ɸū澷һزʲôûҺǹ
˵˵ţ̲ס£ʲôǡͯ
ˣ˴ӣ漴ʲôûûҪ֪
ֻºģ˵Ŷ
ֽڷ棬úõأȥʲô幬á
˵ЩίˣǺʳҵ˵ʳҪģ᳤󡭡ڣҲᣬ϶Сûдڣۼ֦ڣδʱ̵͸¡
ԣ̲סõȥƽϣһͯɣϵֱֱؿԼһᣬ·Ϊůһϡ
˵ûӵġ
̲סƢΪʲô˵ûӣҵ˵ҿɴˣ
ЦԴ
ôʱȵűҩˣ˵ĶԻ
һ߸һߵŻʵ۵ԹôʵȻ书ţܹ鲻ùӳ˿ɹȴ֣װ˵Ĵ򣬱ˣΪأ
ˣҲ
ɱȱԼһ˵Ϊ²ƫҵġʱȲ·ôܷҲˣ۱ȾͲˡ
ˣ̲ס㶯ݣǿЦ˵˵ɽūôԴǧ֮ū澲Ǹˣʲôأ
бб˴
ͷԼҲôҰɣ
˿ȻˣԼȴɡԼˣأ
ӦûǺԼİɣ
˵ؿԼȴһĸоͷ


16 
Ϊʵۣȥ档
ھⲻԶһʱɵˣǮ֮εˮã˴Խʵ۶ڴˡ
ԽӸ濪ʼ˴˴ʵ۵ͼΣԽѳ֮ƣ뱱Ĵһϸ£ֻһʱ廢
ĸֺšڡҲһĻʵֻۣϧӢţֻʮͳɼݱˡλʺԪʺܲʺѦ̫ʱķޣʮ͵£ձڰˣֻһڶλʺǵܲʺĵãʷơСѦ󡱣СѦΪԽݣխˡͷӣڵĺ󹬽һҡһֱӣ㰵ȺеĺµʱֻжӲزۡУ̥ʮ¾һ̥ԼҲʧѪ
λʺĸˡСѦʱڵĵ͵ĸߣڱ㽫̧˻ʺֻϧĻʺҲûáܿ죬ھ򲡼ݱˣ̫
Ϊĸǿʯ򯻹ͼѳֳѧ˾׵ү衡ү媵һϻı䳹׸ϳ˳á
ĸϵĸ鲻丸ȴǷǳ羴ʮϲСͽԼԽ̫ŷΡʦگָ̳лλˣÿڼ붼ǳӡ
ÿڣ˻ʵ˻ĸ羰͡λүãǻӻﶼȫˡ
ȴ⣬˸ϡ
һͱȽȻϴŴ磬Ū˰ʱȻֱӱ˻ʵ۵УŶһǰȥ졣
£ȥʲôѽϵѾ࣬ǻһЩۼ˸ӣԼϣüӸ
üϹߵȥȵۺ档
ϡŶһ
ʵ֪ġϾУÿҪȥģô᲻֪
УδһôȴҪԼأɻʵ
ֻһ̶ôҲҪأ
޳ʳָ˵Ķͷʱźޡ
̲סЦǱźѽ
šš죺졣
ǵ˱˻ԡ
ϿϷε̲סɵɵЦˡ
ǲΪԼҪԣԼһȻأ
ţ鲻ϺָģǸɫǱµֳ𣿡
룬˵ţ޵Ļ֣͡
ϻ𷽲ǸĿࡢ࿡͵ӣ̲ס̫ദأݿȥȽ׺͡ʣ£ϵΣòã
һۣĶô⣿
˵ÿֺɤģһֻè
һֲ꣬һ𳤴󣬹ϵ׽ȥĸֲߣֺޣҲҪֻɢĿҲȥ
룬˵Ǳеܵ𣿡
ԣɵĺӿһڴŴ۾ԼƿߣĬһŵУѾزˡ
ϵĺɵȥ˵
룬ô۾˵Ҽǵҵҽʳڵ˵սʱ׹꼧ΪԼĶλ趾ı̫ɱĵܵضΪ˶ܻߣǽ·ϾɼΪ˻ʵ۵λӣӻӱ˴֮乴ĶǼֵ٣ȥᣬԼҲһ°ɣ
ԣһ磬漴ϵ飬죬ŵ㲻֪ˡ˼µú
ϺٺЦЦҲǺܴģֻҪҵģҶǵס˵˵ģҲǵסǱµˡ
а̲סЦ
ɵСպ֪ˡ˼Լ˵Ļ֪ʲô
뻹ͦڴġ
ԾһʲôƵģͻȻҲĽȻʣмʮ͵ĵֵܡ
һѵܹδֵǽ£ү媡ү衶ĹֶҲøԼǴԽʷټġ
ԣοƵĶѽҶԱҲĹġ
һۣ漴ЦһʲôãΪʲô
˵ź¶дְȻ˲赹ˮЬʢˣҲǿԵġҵôô˵أ
Цһ޴鷳޾͹˵ˣ
˵ţĶӣˣɡ
ϱ㷭˭֪ʱǡ˵͵һĲȣһ˵Ļһѽѹϡ
Ӵʹ̧ͷɺܿסˡ
üϢɶܵõ
ٽߣ΢ĺӷ·ʯһ㣬ֱؿʧ񣬻˫շȣȫˡ
ؿǰµСģһ˫ƯĺɵԼ˫糺죬ССĺ촽΢򣬱ˡ
˵ĺ٣֯һ


17 
ƿԼĿ⣬Ϊߴ˵ȶȣʵǽ޷ٳˡ
СǸ
ƿߣûʲô飺ɡ
æڽϵϣܸܵӯһյߡ
ϱĴһ̷ϡ֪ΪΣĵطоȵģЩ̲ס֡
ְԽҤɣǽڷʮָ޳ʵǺÿˡ
ԼϣΪòʣ㽫ִϳ˻
бһĪʧС
˭Ҳ˵һİ
һ굽ˡ
£굽ˡͷ
֪ˡӦһֻͷԽ˵޺ͼλүȥٳԳȥߣҪߣ𣿡
Ϲɵصͷˡ
˵ţְһԵĺ׽ݸͷ󣬱°紩ϰɡ
һֿۣޱüҪԼִ
ϳӣһӣɻǶָ磺ðɣ˭˵ܷ㴩Ьأ
һذԼϵĴӣµϺһĽë΢΢ͶӰڰϣԵǹɡ
ôϵˣƵԹ
°ͣԸֱˣԹӳ
ϺٺЦЦĩ˵
ͷ˿ǳ̶á
˼ʱһֱ⽹صȺ˼ҪҪߴһ»ʵۣͿʵƿˡ
ʵ۴磬ڵĴϵŤŤģֱֱӡ
뵽Լͷһλڵġա
߰ɣ
룬æȥ
඼ȥˡ
ϸͷֻȵûˣӣͷľɫ
÷ǳΰΡ룬ӳһ޴Ʒ顰ꡱ֣һʯ·ʯʯԼʯ٣ʯ·ľͷǼˡⶼкƺƵȺǸȥġ
ŴһҪ³ȥߡôãҲۼˡ
һŽ˹ߵһüйӢһϥأ
ȥߣ΢ź򡣡
ϸ룬Ȼ˵Һϵ㣬ǰš
˱ͷ΢š
Ǳҵ𣿡ʵ
΢ӵİȫಢ
ϵ˵ͷŰɡ
ǡ
˱һǰһߡϲûн꣬Ϊ֪ȻûдȥǾǲȥġ
Щ΢ʧ䣬ΪΪȥģϧûС
ҲûйϵοԼϾԼϲ㲻ʲôӻһˣȥʲôοȻʡȻʺûаָ飬ȥʲôأ
һС·ţһɽĵ·һ·Ͽɿ֦ⰻȻžʤ𣬴ϢʮŨ
һ·ߣ˼̲סɻ˻һС
ʱ˸ڻʵ۵ڶλʺҲСѦĺӣûбͳӦǻʵ۵ĵӣټϵʱѦ죬ˣǼп̫ܵӵġǣʱĵҲ̫»̫֮λ˰ͨСѦߵĹŮеͳ˹תһӤּĳζ߲ҩļʹСѦ֮ʧѪ
󣬵Ȼܷŭ̫󲻽ʧȥ˻̫֮λǺĸ׵֣ȴİֲ˼񣬱һ
ڻҲõʱԼ൱ͿֱǱġСѦŮôᱻԭΪСѦΪ˲ʵԵʣ롣οСѦҲֻʱڻʵߣ޷ְˣ
Ϊ˻λȨ˭˭ǣ˭ֱܷ棿
ûбͳڹУСѦΪˣ˵ʲôأ

ţãԼʵʵ̶ɣ
Լ˼гԼѾߵͦԶˣתߣһ·ͼݿ±߻
һѰĴŴʽö࣬ȴ˼ַ˼ֿ߹󡣼΢΢Цţôˣһ·ʲôջ񣿡
ϸ˵ؽһݿã˵һ֦žȥأݿãһ֦ÿ
һɽĶž飬пƵĿеǧѰףѪɽǺ졯뵽ʲôתͷϣ۽ǺЦС϶ҾŻǲء
̧ͷɻؿ˵ү
šͷԼΪһֵ殳裬ʶɣֱִģЩͯˡ
룬֪ʲôүĹϵ֪СѦĶӣȴ죬Ų˵ģŲʲô殳Ĺϵأ
˵ʲô殳裿
۾ؿʲô殳谡
￴̲סǿЦˣҲ֪
ӣ㲻ҵȻ֪֪϶ʲôû
ÿɰЦãһҲֻдЩ⣺殳衯ôź˵ѽ
ɻ󣺡źˣ˵źźӵģ
Ц̲ס߽ߣˡź򡯷ǱˡźҲ殳ֻڴź򡭡
ԣ͵͵ءؽһ漴ͨ죡
䲻֪£ɻбϾʮ꣬ô֮ܲ¡ô˵ġˡ
ԼҲ˼ɣ
ҲԼ殳衱
С˰ף漴ֺŴʮֲ˼ڡ
ЦԽóѣǲϱ仯ıʮȤô㻹ʲôʵô
ʮּѵؿڣʵǡˡҲ殳˼𣿡
㶣漴ҲͬΪˡָң殳衣
ԭȻЩ׵
ң
Ǳµˡ
һ뵽Լ׿˵⻰͵ڸԼˡ
Լж


18 
ʱ򣬾ͿͨվߣһȤıվϣ˵
΢΢𵤷ۣŲԶһߵĽϣͻȻһɲá
첽߹ȥҪڣͼһŤͷᡱӽãü˵ʲô
Цֻһ¡殳衯롮ˡ˼ڡûŵı飬Ȥˣ
Ƴһǵֲõı飬̲סЩǳԼǰдһ书
Īһ£ԼõܵȻһޱ飬ľ飬ǸоĲáڨڨЦһµǲǸ̻ȥˣȹȥˣ⡣
˵ţȥˡ
ߡһһܣ졣
̳ݡ
أͻȻͼӽˣȥһæԱݡ¡
ҵӣҲ˵ߡ
ͻȻ;޷̧ͷȥˡʱ˵Լʲô˼ѽǲǷܰģԼĵܵܰôô͡
ʵûȥ
ʲôأͻȻڣĺڵĵ۽
һֻܾƵĲһң޴Ƶģңûûʲôûʲô
״üһ棿
̵ͷ絷⣺ţ
ȵֱؿ·ڴɺܿ죬ƿߣǱá
˰һЩʱʱ͵ۿ
㿴ʲôأ̲ס΢΢㵹̿ýˡ˫Ǽ̶ˮ÷·ܰȥ
̲סʹסˡ
ǹһȣڿޣ
ЦʵЦǺܺÿģӴЦ⣬˾紺硣
ˡ
ȥ°ͣĴָĦĴҪʹ󷽷ؿ͵ʲô
ϵһ£
ʲô˼
סҵ֣ƵĵңҲû͵㣬顭ңң㲻ңô֪ڿأ
һӹЦ˳ǣס֣Ҫ޺𣿡
Ͽűǣס֣ԼСֱĴְůһȶȡ
̲ס԰ĻȻ֪޵ˣ͸޹Զһ㡭
˵£ϵʲô
̧˵أ
ϳʵҡҡͷҲ֪
Сַ˫֮䣬ϵСһ£漴̾˿
⺢ӻ̫СˣҲʲô鰮
οԼĵܵܡ
˵̶Ǳ̶޵ĵܵܡ
̾ϲŴ۾ʵ𣿡
ڷġûеܵܣ㡣
ûеܵܣֻнϡ
Ļɵһ£ܿͨˡѽԼֲܶϣԼֲͼӿλӣֻҪˣ͹ˡ
ϲñ¿ܵܣϺܸˣĺܸˣ
ϲЩ죬ЦЦ˵ҪúޣҪޣΣҪ𣿡
΢Цκʱ·Ҫͣȴп֣档
ˣҲ֣صص˵ͷ˵ҴӦ£һ³
ֵ֮飡
ص˵ͷȻ˵
ϱȻ
Ĺɣְķ㣬˵һ壬ҵԼ䣬Ժ˼ޣޣ˭޷㣬Ҳܲһ򡣡
ԣ˵÷·ҪιȥˣԼǲǻУͬһԼɱϡܿԼ뷨ΪУԼȻ˭ù򣬿ڹкУȴδͷεĻҲδõ壡
δ˿Ҳδɹ
䣬ͼϵһ壬Ϻõĺ񣬷ǳ͸ҲһǼֵǵ䱦
Сشȡ壬ǰһ£̾˵һ񡣡
ָ£ϵȥ𣿡
ЦЦ˵Ķͷôߡ
ȴǽӹ壬ָϵȥ
Ͽļˣ˽ĻƤ˵л¡
ס˱˻ԣ
ϺٺЦˡ
룬ȻûܼȻʣʲôҪأǰԼܵأ


19 
ڹлˮеĴȴԽԽϡ
ϴΰͷϱλݺͽ֮󣬹֮˰ۣ˵̶֮殳֮£ڱ´ܳ裬ֿȡ
˶ӣҥңû죬¾Ըְ汾ʽǰǰԱ䲻Щ£殳Ķǽϣ˾Ͳˡ
ڳʾˣĵһЩֱԱʶ壬ҲΪֱԣҲһЩԱЩԱΪαԼĶӾȻȥ˻ʵ۵殳裬ϲⲻǴԼЩ˵˼̻
֪ү뽭֪ͣʲôԭүԽҲ˽¹ϵһʵүҼΪֱͬԼôôү᲻ϲ
ãǴϣ¸үϡ

ڶһ磬糯ϡ
Ź۹ñʷ̨ò
ˣߵʲô
תȥֻԪһƵؿԼ
ͷԪߵ̲ɺѰɽ࿪ڵðǲԸҵȱ΢֮ˡ
˵ʲô˼ϵɫһѿԼʹ֮£ƫƫԼĶȴ£ôʷְ֮
ѰɽɫϵĽжȣ̵Цʲô˼Լѵ֪ô˵ĶǷ֦ͷˣ˱µۣøٻɱȮӿÿˡ
㡭ɫ࣬춶ڱ̲סЩΪ͢٣ҲԺһ۳̣֪Ǳˣ룿
Ѱɽ̱ҭסˣúӶŭΪʷԼ͵殳裬ֱ֪ܣ񾹻ҵǰҡ࣬ҡȨƣ޳ߣ
һԵİԪǻѰɽȹ֮ͽ˵ʲôߣ
ߣѰɽһ֮ȥ
ŭӯأ޲̽ʵ۵ĳŹʸףϴԼĳ裬侲ϸϸ˼⣬ȴ֪Լǲġ
ʵᣬ¼ֶΣΪ޿ޣǶȻֻµģοԼĶԼ˽⣬ף˼ôȥ£
ԼóóȻȥʣԼӵģûʵ¶黳ЩԴ¹ԼҲΪԼȥʻʵ۾ԼģֻΪԼֻ˼ŮҪƷ
ԼΨһҪģһ̡֣
̵ʵ޿֮ʱ¶Ȼӭж⡣
˹ӭͼһ͵Ľ˹ſڡģһ۵ү衡
衼ޱ¶һĨЦݣ֮ǰ뱾˵־䣬У֪µ񣬽˻кλ˵
ȴ˿ɫ߽ʹЩҥԶģүִΣ
ˣ㶣Ȼûϵ⣬ɺܿ죬ӦʵʷЩӦ˽ⲻʷ˵أ
΢΢һЦү֪Ϊ榷ϷĹ£үΪӦְ榣
衵ɫ̲ס͵˵µĲǣ
ֶϵãǺ̵ܻġ
¹ȻңӢ䣬Ტۣ¹ֻүʷˡ
㣡
ϵһӣȥү֪һĲĵǾȻңŮ·Ҳջ󲻵÷ֺԼ»ݣȴҪȥŮ޸ǿЦ𣿡
뷴ʲôɷԼԶԡ
ү˰榣槼зСԣȰүȥֱɵġȸɡգ˵ţ΢΢һﳤȥԭغʲôҲ˵
ԭ鲻ã衴һйʲôҲ˵;ƾݺݳһڶ
룬ֶҪ»ݣǸѹǰҲ治ɫǳ£ռ˵Ҳ֪ܣߣ
뵽ˣϻͻȻ֣ʵǸֱִүȻ˵ԼδζԼ֮ͭ£ƽʱ˶ηƣʶҲҳﻹ粵ʵԴͲΪ֪ԼȥͱƱ磬ȻֻԶԡ
ңԼִԣ˵ɫ࣬ҲûԼô
˵֪ռûԼֻơȡְˣ


20 

ͷۣ
£үˣš
ԣ̧ͷɡ˵ţǺڱɽϣۺϷŵһߡ
衽ͼְüģ̲סʵôô
ۿЦЦ첻أǻ壬ôпʲôûô
һźľ̫ʦΣ衱ˣ漴ƵģֱߵĲյҲ㲻ʲô£ֻһЩԡ
Ŷʲôԣ΢΢ü岻˵
һϺõǰң˵¼̶ϣ⽫Ϊ̣
ԣʵŶЦôҲСԶﴫҥʵҲһ˵
衿û˵
ĪŽϷһͨƢô˵ҲǻҵѪɵðһ裬Ȼ˵޵ġˡҥԱɴ˴ɡ
ˣ˵ͷѯʵǱ¶ڽϣʲô뷨
ԣ΢΢ЦͦɵʵǺܴġ
ô˵
ʲôǡ殳衯͡ˡ֪ȴ֪ضĹ£֪˵ֵһ¡˵ˣǲǺЦſ治֪£ȴϻۣһǿϧ𣿡
ףδ޵Ŀģ޶ĺãǱϡɱ𣿡
ԳĬˡ
˵ףҲȻʵѪһĶԹȥɣϾ޹ġһ˵ʹҪĻλΪ޻ˣô޵λҲʧ˵ġ
Խƫײڤ粻֮ˣһ˵ҲȻˣֻ˵зִá룬˵ֻҥϣ֮£Ҳüʱֹźá
ˣЦŵ⡭ֻί˽ʷԼᵽʱһ˿Ȼ뵽ʲô̽ʵ˵뽭ʷϣȷд£
ȴ˵ֻ˵ֻˡ
Լǰͱ˵Ŀӣ̲ס΢΢üͷ
ԣҲʣʷ⵽ѷ飬Ҫʱڰһǳѵֱ֮ˣ޵ΪĪеί
Ÿաѡϵһ㶣漴ɫЩεءšһ
뽭ϣʱһ䶥԰
ֻԼʱȥˣ֪ȴôԼ

ֹ˼졣
Ϸ糯ţڱ˵ԼǷǣ
Դ˼ˣҲȥУ˹ˡ
ƽԼݲɳӣԼӵ֮ȴκζɼʮа˾ģţƽϴָɣı£
ˣһתͷȥȴʡԱԱƽηè±׽˻ȥʵǶһмΣȴӣֻû
λ˽ôôУȥʡô飬ȴʱڴ฾˳̣
һԱһͽ˲ģʷҪ潫빬殳裬ҵȲһЩظãʲôֵ˵ģ
㣡
һԱǺڽЦдԡʷӲȢԽ˿˵ǵͷ°գ
⻰ϲҪרΪȥź˵殳ˣ൱˵Ļϱ⻰ɫףʹҪ³ѪҪ˲ȿڴһϤ
ô֪д˵Ȼ˻
һתȥȴһү衡
æֳһ񣺡¹ٲμү
񡣡ߵߣ΢΢˿һ˿漴ʡԱλʲôأñҲ
˵ңҡ
衵ɵþ֣ɤҥֹߣλΪ͢٣ȥõֵȴڴ˴۳̣һЩĪе£Ѳʡˣȥط
һô˵Ƕɫְףүƽ뽭ԸģҲϰ˵ҲǴµ̬δ֪
뵽ˣүѵǣҵۡ
ؿˣƤҲ̧һ£ȥã
ǣǣ¹ٸˡ˵ţƵģ磬æؾˡ
ˣ㲻°ɣת򽭽ϣɫãǷúˡ룬ǰˣôǰֶأûá
϶衵ķＫˡΪ衻˵ԼأȻԼ˵ˣԴҩ˻ҳԴҩˣ
ɲô˵ϾԼΧˣԼҲ̫Сţϱлүػ¹ٲµġţлүˡ
˵ţһҾ
衲Ϊôл
ϣ
Ȼûģ
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ϵͷ¹ٸǡ
ţȥɡĿͽɫĽ죬΢΢һĨȡ
ʵͦ˼ģ롣


21 
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һ磬ͷһߵӽԺӣлСӣ̣Դͣ
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Ȼ֪ûӵ𣿡ЩߣҲǿǸӰˣλλֲ֣ó裬ǵʲô
˺ˣҲ˵գȰο̶ʱ쵽ˣ׼׼ýѹˡ
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22 
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衲ϲԼΪԼĶӣ
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һף˶ˣˡ
ϣҵ˭Ķӣ
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衣
ʱڣȻˣ಻ǿôţӽ𣬽֮ӽϷΪԾӳŹʮʮƥڰ壿
վĸʲô壬ͬ˵ʥ
վȴ̲ס˽Žϵ֡


23 
糯
衺ͽϱٽ˳һȥˡ
ǾΣһĺɣ衵һȻӣֻˣϻظо鲢Ǻܺõӡ
һ˵ı飬ȿڵ䣬ɻʲô𣿡
æֵˣֻǴ̫ͻȻһʱ֮仹ܽܡ˵ţ̧һ衡
衼Լ̲סͷֻᰮӣֻǻʼѪûĵο⼸ԷţȥһҪܻˡ
ϵȻ֪ʵһϢ֮պҲƵҥԣҽϻһٻָѪ
ǣвʡ
ϾԼһĺӣôһ˵Ǳ˵ĺӾʹ߶أ
ңԺ϶᲻׽Լ׽ˣ
һվŵĻ̌ͷǿ͸Ĺǣ̲ס֣˵Ȼºү˵Զǵĺصġ˵ţ衣ǲǣү
Լү㿴ޱ治ף
ȻģֻǱڹǾȻ˲Լһ֮֮ϵһ̶֥ʷ⻹ͦƵġ
ôʱûʲô⣬ɽţȴЩΪϲ衣أ
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ο϶Ҳ衸ĵԵʡ
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衿Ÿĵĳޱؿһۡ˶ֶڵҲ̫Щɣ
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Ѿʮϲˣ˵ţ֪ˣʵ۸磡
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24 
˼죬Ҫвˡ
ʮ󼪡
񲿵٣Ϊʹ͸ʹŽ𱦽һ̩΢ʥּв
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25 
һҹ䣬ϴЪϢˡ
Ϊýʱ䷢飬þú˼һ¡
ôҲû뵽ȻүӵݰԼͷϡΪʲôأ
ʵǸԼһ˳ĻݡԼĻ٣ǲģȻҲΪԼӶλ·ģϾһүӣ˵ǻԼҲ˰ɣ
οԼҲȥʲôֻ밲ȵضȹһԼҪֵ飬Ψ˶ѡ
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ңүԼһ׸δȢޡպȻӰɣΪʲôίܰ
ԼҲΪѰԼĸ׺ˡ

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ع֪ϺԶ˻ݣֻûóԣϲӣ᣺С˵ʲôأûУ÷ӻģԺ󵫷СҪǰ֪ͨūһūȻ㱸ˣ
ϵͷ絷⡣
룬̫ˣû뵽ﻹĺôԺʱʱסһ죡


26 
ǽһõġ
صڻһżӵĺľǶʯԲڷŰ̼µĲˣɽ亣ζȴʱʡ
ЩнϾǸһšܾˣóԷޡðɣʵҲͨѽ
еĲ̫һٽֻһģҲ̫˵
ڼʱϽ̵ϡʳ޲ĵȻٿƵסԼڸһԣⲻ˸عء
һʱ䣬ֻü
衼һнӣ̲סԼȿڣѯô˲θ𣿡
һæҡҡͷûУ˶Ǻõġ
ôأҲýϲǸгǸģϾʲô鶼أ
Ŷ̻ʵģ̫ţٺ١ϲ˼ЦЦ
衵ı鲻˼֣ù˼ˣﲻؾţڼΣΰɡ
ŶӦһ漴ҲſһЩ
쵫̬ȹس衸ˣףˣá
ţȥɡһӦţһҲָоЩԼĶһԷ˶ӻԼˣΪ˸ָо̧ͷعһվźе壬ô
ԽȻϲˣ˵СȻǼõģֹɣҲãعضǡ
Ե˵ͷбȽϲ˼𡭡һش󳤹ĶͣΪĶӣȴûʲô԰ļϡһ㣬˵³һ֪ʲôˡ
ع¼ɫֳͣû˵ֻһ㲻á
ʲô̧ͷ
ūҪʲôԵģ˵÷ӣ˵ֻҪž͹ˡĺӣūѰ˼ţѰռҵĺӳ÷ӻһһѵĳأ⺢ӣȻֻҪž͹ˣع¼ۣ·Ѿ˽ϳָűĺӳ÷ӵĿҲ֪ʷƽôСӵģᡣ
㶣漴뽭˵ġ¹ÿٺ»ʮͲˣͽıڡ־ýϻȷʵóǵСӰԵع˼Ǯ
ǣūСӶлүˡعֲ֧ˣҪһĳԵ
ҹ
ϴˣȥ˯š
ƽڹȻҹɽԵ򷢱˯ȥˣǶһˣշת˵˶ûС
ۿİĴһжƵġ
·ǰһ˪һȴүΪ
ǡΡ

ãȴһֱ˯⣬ֻ˼ˡ
ųżϿˡͷҹϾѾѮˣҲǺ䣬عգܱмϡϡǡ
ӣؿ˼Ʈص˶ʱʱҹԺеĹеʱڵĻţһС˵һЩֵĹ¡
ҪһֱĶӸöá
ţͻȻһʵôû˯
ѭȥֻ磬һվԶæվеף
˵еϴ˯šôҲû˯
ҴһЩ񡣡衵
ǵģе衶һڳرʳĻǾԲֵģԭʵͦæģЩ£ύȻÿա
Ŷϵͷ
ԡ
ЩΣһ죬ЩЪϢɣһͽȥ
衱Ҳһ֮־÷һżϵӹֿģԼǾù¶Բ˯šƽռҵĸôú˯ģ
£
˵Һ˯ȥ˯
ĿɿڴʲôҪԼ˯
Ҳὲ£ܸ㽲ЩһЩšɫЩȻ˵
ԲҪЦ˼СӲ轲˯ԼʮˣҪ£
Ҳ衵һɣ룬ȷʵ˵ͦ£ʵҲͦɰ
Ǹһ˷䣬ϴϴޱϴһ˫۾ڴ֪Ŀ
ҲСһʪ۾ɰˡ
ȻؿһȻʼ¡ЩȥطѲʱһЩ永̸ȻûнϺ˵ͳƽȫͬ߼ܣͦˡ
ϱֻǸ˳û뵽ղܣ۾ˣϰݡ
衿ģҲеЦ΢΢¶һ㻡ȣ˾˯ɡ
ȴ֣ʵˣֻ˵ǸٽŸҽòã
ʱģŵ㽿ͺһǰĶӣôԶн
һ׵ĸоšһ˵ٽ˯ɡ
һͷ˯ˡ
衿ָҴҴ򴦵ı漴һԵĵƻתȥˡ


27 
ϣϲų緹ع¾ʹһ澽ˡ
Сӣū˲죬ÿԣóԾ͸ū˵ūԺЩ
عһÿ˶һ̣һµӣ졭Ǻ«͹ӡ۽ź۹Ǹ⡢ӡɹԼһЩûĶ
һϲؿع£Щҵģ
ȻūڲƭСӣعЦһ飬ֻҪСӸˣԶٶУСƷԣ
ţллع£þûгԱأһЩǰ͹ӳԣ֮ǰⶫǽûδһӳ˺üţԵʱ򻹿ع£Цһ飬Žųġ
ӣһֻʳСӡ
عһүүĶòС
ԺҪóԵĸСӣ
һ춼Եñģر㣬ôóԵģҲˣҲˣȻȻ
Ͻݷүʱ򣬾˵ϳԱѾ׼˯ˣ
үһ𣬾˵ں˯
ϱ˵衰ѽϽӻ˸ļٵԼĵǰ衴̽˵˵ãͷΣһαӣȻ϶Ļģͼ϶ߣ̫ˣ
˵õĲϻ϶أ
ƽ޲ȴ˾ΣڻĿϣŵһ
عϴЦʮֿʷݷãȻʲôҪ°ɣҼүںС˯ûʱд
΢΢һЦ޷¹ٵһȱˡ
عʣʷƽһǳƶɣ
ϣ
ΪʲôԵ޹ʣ
عҲѧ΢΢һЦ˵ǽʷԵƬ̣үС˯ͻġ˵ţȻȥˡ
ϷǳӣҶӣֵõ壿

衺彭˯ųʱ򣬾ع˵ˣԲ֪뵽ʲô΢΢¶һ㻡ȣ֪ˣȥ
ͼһ࣬װƽʵɢšˡѶš߹ȥʷ
͵תͷһƽһ壬ƺƲ˿ĶߣҲʱѹͷɻŭ񣺡¹ٲμү
ض񡣡λ£ʷҹãкιɣ
ԣв֪˶پ仰ȴŬԼЦɳƲϣֻϻӦүһ׾ðǰ߶ţΪֹС˽ܡ֮ӣʶҹǰү
衡šһȴûκζ
һ£漴ʲôæݸүŽ̡
е˿£Ȼ򶨣Ƥ湻ģ
衲ɫؽӹ֮չ֮ǰģһͼΪ֪ǡͼأΪֻɻȻʢѾӵ
漴̧һۣʷϸ֮дЩִ٣òǴ򷢱İɣ
һ˿졭û뵽衾ȻҲóȷʵڽŽϱӽ֮æʻ͡
ǰȻܳϣ˵¹پ޴⣬ֻǽ鸡֮꣬ʱʹ˼ִָ١
Цһ룬ҪôƫԸŶǱˡ
ϣ
ճ㲻ӦΪʲô¶
ô˳Ż϶°
衿һԱӣ泩ˡѵԼռһϷ磬ʹ졣
ЦݣͷȴһƲһƣָ⻭ϵү֪¹ΪҪһͼү𣿡
衽Цӡǡӡ㲻һԼĴȸ黳ñ㽻һ½ϵ𣿱ƫ⡣װһӣ߽࣬Ⱦȴӣؽʷϣؾ·˪һĸֱ߽Ⱦɣ
ϣ
үҲ̫˰ɣ˭ֱ߽Ⱦˣ
Ƥ
ޱ飬ЦѣǰԽԽȤˡ
ʵסˣ¹ٵ͵Ͳ߶үϢˣ¹ٸǡ
Ҳֻ̧˵š
㬶ȥ
ߵſڣ衵
պ󵫷϶У㶼ʱɡ
ģϾϲתһ˫Ŀ˳ԵĵĽϡ
衵ͷһ䣺˵ᡭȥʹ㣬ʲôʱˣ˵һӳ
ϼֱϵڱϲԽлүлү
΢΢Цһ£лԼġӡɣ
һ㶣漴
ԭ֪ģȻװ֪Լġ
ңƽЦģŪԼЦġЦ˭ء


28 
ס죬Ͼͻػʹˡ
ǰŸյʹˣ糯ŻδùϱţԻźš
һޱ飬ֻʱʱһ䣺ڻסÿɻϰߣ
ϵͷţȻеϴÿҽº˯
Ŷͣ˿ͷתüʵ廹㽲£
Ҳûϵ֮ˣСӽ£
԰ϺԥصͷҽǰһЩ永˼ˣÿ춼꣬˯ʱ򻹸˵ˣ´ȥٸҽ
ԣһԼϽµĻ棬ɵЩζ
룬ȥﻹ𣿡
衣عºһ죬˼ãŵûȥ֮ǰһΪǸʮദˣȴ˺ܺãˣҲҼãҺϲǡ
üţ
һƺЩãΪʲô᲻ãѵԼϲ
һ°ͣãǹãʵʱһ˫ǧ꺮̷Ƶףƺǧ
ϱ÷ۣɻûȥֻ֣Ҵؿ͵˵ȻȻǹãϾҶסϰˡ
סˣܲϰ
ƺ΢΢һǷŹˡ
ţ׼ȥˣҲûǽϣֻ˵Ҳźۡ
ŶҾܾಽظȥˡ
˵ǡźۡʵ浽˳Ҫʲôأиīˡ
￴ۣϾһϰ֣ʱдҲֱܻӵȥҲ£Լϰ֡
˵ĳʱȴһ͵̧ͷ
ʱţûпֻǹԼ¡
ƫиӣס˽ϵߣȴ˶䣬ϸϸĶԻ
ʢлֱ˵ɡ
漴ֻһ΢ɣȴʮ˵ش˴εѰ֮ԭǴػʵ۽ݵ֮ʵ˷ݣֱҴԽĽݣص̷Ϊ̷֪Ϊü޸֮ʵܣסػʵ۽֮ʵ̷ΪĹϽΧ˾Ⱑ
ʢ˼ֵΣ
ȻؿɵҴԽȻɣ²̷ΪݣرҲˡ
ֻﾲһ£漴Ǵ£迼Ǽ죬ȵʱ֪ͨʢɡ
ʢϣϳˡ
һһϣָֻ˼ž
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һ֧°ͣü΢΢ƺ˼˳ָֻƽޱ飺ˣ
ҡҡͷ
ˣ΢΢ŵ㲻͡
ߵףеĴһվںľ񻨰ĲԶʵǸˣǲʢɽ
һ磬漴ޱضʲô
ϴ̬иܵ˲ãҲ֪Ĵ𰸣ֱֱؿһ˫ԭĴ۾ִ֣ʵ۸磬ҪСġ
üͷ΢΢Сʲô
СĽɽǸˡΪͼǸ̡ˣʢɽ
ǴʲôһһŵվôԶʲô
߹ȥСһվϣ漴һ̣ȫȫ§ϴ۾дЩţеؽеʵ۸硭
Ĵֹߣ˵ʱ³Ҳϣ˵ô֪Ǹˣ
ȴһʱƿԣܲܰ¸ɣֻ˵Ҳ֪
ʢɽΪȻ˽⣬Щ¶أһЩĸԱ֪ôһŵĺӻ֪
ˣ˼֣Ҳ˼֣϶Ǹúӣ֪ϲˣʵޣ㵽ô֪ģ
Ͽǰ˫ɲĺŵҪޣԼ޴ɶ㣬·һҪĻ¼ˣʶػסĲʵҲ֪Ҳ֪ʲô֪㲻Ҫˣ
˫ִҪԼֻ˫Ĵ۾ʹҲʶػһЩƾʲô˵Ǹˣ
ϾԼίΪãȴҪԼ˹ŲµΪҪıҪġ
ȥסȥҪ˵Ļ
Ͼ㵵۾
СֱҪסϵ°ͣԼȥԵء
ֻиһֱײشԼͣԼз˱ԼÿһôֱŪˡ
ִֻȵ˫֣ԼʹˣҪˡ
ǽģȴͷŪԼģ˫Ҳ̲סٴȦĲ
ȴ뿪
˫ƺôˡ
˫ú˵Ҳô֪ģǷЩҲ˵ˣûУ
Ժص˵ͷԳҲûע⵽
Լ϶ܺãҺϲ
ò˵˿̵ھεġϴһƬϣȴʱʱҪʵĻϲ⣬ôܻ˱׾ķʽ£
ԼڽǰôªѬġ
Ͳһ硣
ϱڻı飬˵Ǿ仰ȻЩףشʵ۸ҲܺãҲϲ
ǵģ
ⱲӣֻúõرеĶ飬Ҫǽеֵ顣
ӣѾ


29 
ʱƮܿ͵˶硣
ٰĶʮ֣СֱֺͺӷֶʢļУ˵ˮĦ࣬磬˺ϻٰۣ֯жˡ˵䣬ԽĻʹѵõ֣ѬݡӡۻƾƣеģͷС
ЩûʲôϵϾΪһ֮ÿ춼ôҪһҵҪģﻹʱ仹ʲô粻أ˵æأ
ɲ˵б䶯һЩҪ󳼶ڳһˡ
Ͻһֱû˵æ֮ҲżˣΪǶ磬ȺͱҪԼӡ
Ⱥͱͬ飬Ͼ¿ôŪʱ⡣
˹ͷһֺܻӣռãģԴԼȱѧһҲ᲻ͷ
ڳԵķ뷨ŰţͻȻ˵ΪʲôҪأѵͲܷŵģ
㶣漴ҲŸ˵˵ǣǹŵʲôڶȥأ
ͷ룬˷ܵ˵ȣҺͱһ˻ζܺã
Ȼ˵ڣʵ۵ʳϲǲܱ֪ģΪ˻ûͷ¡ֻ˵Լϲԡ
룬˵ӵķӵǿУֻѻеϸϸģɢ˷ţζ
һԵı뵽ʲô˵ūŷĳӰѻг˿Žڿ˵ҲѧͻһŽڶζлȵζҶ㣬ȫ
һ֣ôǲ϶У󲻹Щʱˡ
ǣ˶ȻǲֵģϾΪЩôֵõȥͶְ˼ӣǼЩģ״ֱ˹֡
ˣ˷ܵذԼġ˹֡ȫܹʮĸڶģȵģ᲻Լԣȵĺڶװʳ׼ȥ
װʳУȤӴҪȥ˭ѽĸôиܳǿְӣòļҵĹ
Сͨ죺ȥµģ㣬Ī˵
ͱЦô
ʳܵ˳ߵſھסˡֻ˺վſڣ˵ʲô澣ҲһʳС
Ϻͱһˣ㽫תˣЦŵӴ£Ҳأ
˼Ϲ˸Цٻ⣬ɵ˼ҲԸСӣ檲ţԸС˼Ȼձ׾ôۣõǼӻƶͼڶ
˵ţʾ澽ʳд˿һ£ֻżֻµӣһ򿪱˱ǣɼζҲǼõġ
ΪңԵ࿼ӣҲȥ
ʱҪʳڱϣ϶ҪʳвصȥˡԱ˵ӣǼ˹֡͵ó֣
Щ˼ɣĶȻҲǼõġ
ڴǣЦǶԱµһƬֵ飬ǳ檵󼰵ģ
˳˫ЦǣվԼʱЩ࡭Լɩɩദʱ⣬Լʲô֣
һԼһˣ־ﲻ룬˵³ܵĶ벻ñµֻۣͷһȥֻ˵ǳܵһƬˡ
˵Ը˳ˮ飬ȴЦŵ
ߣϾˣȥи²ãūȥһɱ¾ɣ
ˣϺ˵Ҳ޻˵ֻ׷׵
ͷܹܡ
ȥˣûֳˣֻЦÿضԶ˵
үԺҪ·˲㣬˱ū˷˵ʳУȿˣԻټˡ
ڹѾãȻ֪үҪԼΪǲֵģүĶӣӼӣ쾭ġ
ȻҪʶ࣬Աʾ澽ʳеݸʮһǾͶлܹˡ
˵үҪһ˷תԱ˵ȣȥµļҰҲȡ¸ҪҪ
Ȼ衣ϡ
Ҫ衴Ӧϰӹȥͺˣ롣
վĻ¶һȷʵЦݣʵְأ
˷ܵصͷشʳȡһֻݸع³ְģų󣬵ζ϶óأ
ȻҲûԹ
ŵæһֵūңңɷūˣ
ȱ˵ʲôݣǸ񡭡ʵôСҪǵһ˽ӣϹͷҪҪˣ
û¿ɱūūԣĲԡ


30 
Ͻ˳ۣǰ
ܲμ¡
ɡڴ̧ͷһſޱģȥһƫ˵޴ӣ
š˷ܵصͷʳо͸߹ȥ£ʳзǰСϴ򿪣أƣ
ʳһ򿪣һ˱ǣдͻȵζһҶ̧ȥƽϣڶôѰĲͬ
Ϊѽ⼸Լأϸ⽾·Ƿǳ˲飬ǵģ󣬿ζ϶أ
Ųֻ˵㳢ˣ
ͷ᲻óԣ㡭ζΣҲ֪˵ţٺɵЦһ¡
ֵ˵Ķͷд᣺һ޳ԡ
ţ̶֣һȻݸ㳢
һۣ΢΢𣺡㲻ιޣ
һ£ӣ˵¶ôˣҪι
Ҳ⣬ֱס֣ҧһӡ
ʲôҲ˲ˣֻ׷ôζΣ
ⲻشˣŽְͷ͵˵ˣܺóԡ
㣬ֱԼӻҪģصͷŴЦˡ
룬˵Ҿ˵ܺóԵŽһܹܣȻҪأ

ϻδо˵ǸˣҲҪּ׿϶Ҳϲġ
õʵ㵽˼
ô˭Ҫ֣
ã˵ʮѽ˵಻࣬˵Ҳأ
Ŷ˵ˡ
ĿɿڴٺóԣҲԲʮɣοҪأǸס
˲Ǵ˼𣿵¸峢ˡ˵üȻ
޻˵ô˵ˣô˵뵽Ǽ˵ӣ̲סڵǣЩӿȥƯֺóԣĲ𣿡
һһڰѽϵġ˹֡꣺ˣ޸ϲ⼸
ϵȻܸˣԼġ˹֡ȻǼۣ룬ȻǴԼõģôױȲֵġ
ͦ볢ģĻ˵ĺóԡ
£ܳ˵Ǽ𣿡
ˣü漴ѽϵǰֱƵǰһڡ
ϣ
㶼ҧˣ
ţ
ϴڨЦҲ±𣿡
һۣΪѲ㡣
ֻֻҧһڣȻͷ֡ʵó԰
ηˣõ
е㻳ǲͷˣȻ˵ܺóԣ£㲻áе㵭ô
ޱؽµĳ꣺Σ޵Ŀζ嵭
Ҳ̫˰ɣҼǵзΰϾԼеʧܣյؿ˵ȱ̵ģ÷̫࣬Ҳûźܶεġ
˹ؾֳ꣬Ȼѵõ¶һЦݣûϵ𡣡
ԻŴ죬ȻôҲİɣζûʧûɵʵ۸磬ͷǲʲô
Ŵ΢΢Цݣţ˵ʲô
ϼ˫īһŨ˫Щʵ۸磬˵ͷǲǷֱ治ζ
ů˼īɫӿһһϵС죬ĿȾһЩȶȣҪҪԼԣ
ɻ󣬿ǺܿͲɻˡסĴ
һ£̲סҲ֪ͨͨζʲôºȴ֪ģңãо
һ͸ҲմӵֱͣסĲӣͷõذͷԴһЩǺֱײġ
ɣȻࡣһֿסϵһĺף˶˻
ԸȻѷ֣ԽԽղܡ
ֱϸо̽£סǰǿССĺ춹
һ£֮ȴĪܸ߳УܰƿԼ֣ʵ۸硭
뿪࣬дִ־ţ̲סЦɤƵģȴú֣
ΪʲôҪо֡òֱ
Ϊ㡣ߣĶͲ϶ϲ㣬ϲ𣿡
ϸоһ飬ÿܣֻ˵Ҳϲ磬ǣǡ
ʲôü
ҪҪ꣡˵ţҲƵܳȥˡ
գգۣͻȻ˻ּǺӴҴȥıӰ̲ס΢΢˴ǡ


31 
ǰŸߣ衾͵ˡ
һɫүһ飬ƫСϷһµʳУ΢΢üʵ˵԰ӣ׼͸ң𣿡
Ųյڣ΢΢һڲˮǣġ
ϵأ
ޱ飺Ѿˡ
衣
˵ϴ˺ܶһȫˣ
Ļʵֶ۾˵Ϲı£ԽԽˡ
ȥҪתߡ
ҶѳԵúܣزϲ
衿ӣ֪ǴҪˣתɮ붨ƵһˣϵȲҲһڣѳԵǰˣҲȱӳԡֻĳЩ˿ӣΪһӣ˰ɡ
ԣ̧徹ıǷӡɲϻһᴦ񡣡
⻰˵ã˼ֵ٩С
̧ͷƺĴǴһ˿Ц⣿
ֶԸƣĬԳޱ飬˵ʱ˴˶ûʲôЦݣ໥˽⣬Ҳ֣ǲ˽ֶˣΪ˳أ
ѵõس衵ЩӦٿһѲڱУҾô
üٲȥ޹֮˵¡
Զԣϸϸ漴ۼطϵգ΢΢۾µЩգôӳԵ˲Сģ
յ״ָӡҲ֪˭§Ĳӡ
ֵԶԡ
ֻ˵ʳﻹʣ˼ֻӣ½ȥȥ԰ɡ
衵ȻͷţҾͲˡ

Ϸʷ̨ؼңܼ˵йš
λأһſӭӣͿһɫվſڣ࿡һڣֱһ
߶ϲԽأæ񣺡¹ٲμү֪үݵʧԶӭүˡ
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36 
ϱԼ뷨Ϳˣ־ԼòôӦ°Ҫ󣬿ɻûأүˡ
үǰյ˼ƥ뵽˽ϣӻ׼ȥ
ⱲӻûأҲúʣ˳ؾȥ
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ָƥƥǴıԼһƥɡ
ϵƥѲһأָƥҪһƥ
衴һۣιʣ
ƥǿȥңѱˣҪɫһƥͷƺƵĴ˸ǣ̸˵תͷ衣ƣҲϲأ
֪㣬֪֮
衵˵ͷ¶һǳЦݣţ֣ƥˡ
𣿡Щϲòţĩͷ룬Ȼͷһ÷ӡͽ÷Ӱ÷ӰߣûӰҲνܵÿҲ
˵ţԼҲЦ
µģ̷еүĲɣ÷ӰǼõģ
ЦЦ¶ѵõ֮飺ãǾͽС÷Ӱǣ϶
ϵʮкӣ˺棬ϸؽҪ죬ˡ
ԼȻûǰҪ˳ˡûһԼСһȦˡ
⵱ȻҲ鹦÷Ӱ÷ӰԣλСҲ˳һ硣
ڲԶ۳ҵĽϣвɵϾǻѪȥܹǲġ
ûˡ
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϶ɣͷˣһ䣺ףԺ㻹Ҫٴ
衵ͷͷǵˡ
Ȼͻȥˡ
ϸһţ;ϲطϾȻĻ򶨣βסĿΡ
ʱܹȥ˽ϻסϷ֣ôˣ𣿡
ʱý⸱ģæƽϣ㸸ʲôӣ
ŶҲ֪Լʲôϵ¶شӽϻվһߣ˵ǲҵģ
Ͽ˿衵ɫǾһãǣүصҵġ
ˣԽǸǳõĺˣæת˵ллף
ĪԼĴе֣˵ֻɫӵ˵ţģһ鷿ˡ
߳Żع֡
ͽϾһԺķޣǰӣԼ鷿رܡ
衇
쵽ʱˣҪߣǰȥ衸ǣȴ
϶ò߰ɡ϶һ˯Ҳռط´ټҲҪʮˡ
е־񲻺һ߶衣ڴȴʲô˵ӣ־Ĳ̣ã衿˼ֱӵ
ô˵ˣǱ
Ȼ˵ˣҲ޻˵ֻ
ĵ׻룬衻Ǹӣ˵Ҳ֮
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37 
ûкԼ˯һŴˣ˸˷ܡ
ҲòԼˣϴָ̺ôԼ£Ȼˡ
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ššЦǰôô󣬺ܿҪȢϱˡʱ㻹𣿡
Ȼ˽ԶǵĶӣ۳߶ǵĶӣݵͷˣҲǵĶӣҲս
ԣͷ㸸״òã
ţ״Ҽáϵͷ˵״ȥϸҽľУÿÿζ׼ö죬Ƕҿɺˡ
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룬ҡҡͷ
ϼ״һʵǱأ
룬ҡҡͷ
̾˿Ҫˡ
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ϿԼı飬ץӵĵҵĵҶأƽʱʦҲڽ壬˵һģµúãҲ
ԣÿɷеտҪһ⣬ԺһӵܣǰѪɲǶһô
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Ů֮ϲȴǲ˷ġһãҲ˲ΪˣԷǲԸǸϲ˾ͬⱲıһǾԸ˷ġ
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ˣвɵԼ뷨Ƚϣ룬бҷҲԸģҲС
룬ԼҲǲԸģѲҲϲô
ǵҲԸͱ˷㰡Ҳϲ𣿡
Ļ̲סЦɵӣȻǰ𣿻Ϊ𣿻У֮ܵ£ֻз޲ģϲһˣĸԸЩ¡
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Ŷ룬ȷʵ˵ͦΪģԼ˵Ҳпԭ
ԸǣǲǾ˵ϲأ
ֵѽϲҲûйϵ

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ڽϺȥ糯ˣҲģп϶Ҫء
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ϴ˸Ƿ˯š
ȵҲֻ˵ϴëԼַˣǵ¿Ҫú˯һϿûء
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һ磬ҡҡͷ¸֪ӳģʶ
Ŷʧ伫ˡ
룬ϲȴϲңҲңѵͽС仨ˮ顱ô
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ȿһۣԣǴɡ
һԵĽȴʵԼȥұˣ
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Цһӣôȣ
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һԱȰ˼ӣҪϷ۾һߵӣū澵ģ°Ͱع¹ӿǧܲκͣ´ιֻƲⳤŹУҲʲô¶Уǰعﲻʺ󣬵빬ӣڱѾ˼ɻ䣬κͽȥµðʲô
룬ұͲ
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ͱȶˡ


38 
ʱ򣬽ݡ
˯ڹϣű̺ӣ˯죬Ҳ֪μʲôüͷ΢΢
ˣ
첻Ȼ֪°°ѽŪЩˡһһȺͱ嶼Խʲôʲôһ㶼ܹ˽⡣
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죬úһ룬Լʲô顣
ϣֻµСһⴽ΢΢üͷ΢μ˲ĵ¡Ҳȥʳָ࿪üͷ
˭֪˵λŶֺµؽеҪɱңҪɱң¡
͵ü
μʲô
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һ˯ȥҴҴ̺ӣ뿪ˡ
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ظˡһƳ漴ͷҲصسȥˡ
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ʱδʱˡ
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֪˵ʲôͻȻѿڶ˵ʵ۸ϲ㣡
˭֪һӾͷ͵վӸµؿŽϣ˵ʲô뻰֪ܣֵܣ鰮֮ģ
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Ц˵ⲻ֪ܵ£ͼ£ʹסȥɣ
ֵؽҪҪɱңҪɱң¡
ȴ˵СѦϣͲûϣ΢΢̷һ˦·
޴Ŀ־ͷǰһڣǻ˯һ㣬ȥ

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һ춼л㱵ģѩϿЩĲɵģѩ£ҲΪֻ֮ǰ˵
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ѩ˵Ҳ׷ףֻ˵ˣúϢˡ
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뵽ҵôԣˣô죿
һ磬ֱϨ˵ƣһֱû
϶ڱֺ¼ôᣬҲġ
뵽ίؿ


39 
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ȴ춼ģ᲻ǲϽеķ꣬˼ԺӵĲȫˡ
ԺһӾֲˡ
룬ù̫Ȥˣǻúãүæ£Ĺֲȥ˱˴롣
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ʱҴҽҪһ㣬ȴӣݿˣء
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һ䣬ȴһ¾Ͳô
˽һæתͷȥֻݿһ»һҡһѽ߻ȣ΢ЦݲȵشͷӺƲͣԼҡ
æЩҵؿ֣ôôͻȻˣҶûȥӭ㡭
һЦˣ˵Բúܣ˼ʵǵŻȻȷ磬մӱһܱµĳ裬ԼǼģʶơ
һⲻ˵䣬ܱµĳ裬Ҫ̰ҪȥĹźá
Թһ£һ߸ϵĲյһۣô³
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Ŷ￴ǵĻȸ󣬡ȴǲ֪ԭΪ֣ôʲô强Ҫҽ
ϱ̬ܵŪñŤˣȴֲܲӦԣ룬ûУֻǰʦҲ˼о֣ƾֵĶԲߣȣҾԴҲ벻ӳîֽÿգָһ
ðĶأҲĸߣԱ²˻ȣ˷ܵؿŽϡ
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ϽӹСϸƣȴԭһֻ๷ͿźϣнУɺⲻнôҼһкöֻҪǮһ⻹ҪӴش
ԣ֪ɷ΢΢ЦЦ漴תֻβͣת˼Ȧ㽫ϣû뵽ֻ๷һϣ㿩տ
Ͼ۾ɵԲе棡ôԼߣ
￴ɰЦ˵Լԣ
ţ๷ģβת˼ȦȻϣȻú棡
Ц˵дţҪϲҽٸ򼸸
ȻϲתһԼˣҪ˵ȥҪЦˣʵϲڴؿ˵ǡҪ˰ɣôˡ
ﱻҪȴֿƵӶˣЦû£Ҳ˵û˻֪ģôˡҸ
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˵ţȡֽˢˢˢͿ˼ʣһĲоֱֽϡ
Ͽ˿ɻ˵⻹оӶѾˡ
ЦԽĪ⣺ʦ˾֪ˡˣˡ
æɻ󣬶ЦЦߣҵϻţɲҪˣ
ʡˣ೯һЦתȥˡ


40 
Ƶʱ֣ſϣ²๷
δôϡһ綼֣룬´Ūֻͺˣ԰Щ๷ţŪһӣһڵߣǸö磬Ҫǿˣ϶Ľˣ
ţͻȻ뵽ʹмôϴѲҲϲֶרҵģ
벻𰸣ա
Žſ๷Ȱӣʱ䲻ˣϴˡ
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һ۾˵ţҵѶϣȥ
ƽԡϴҲϾȲϴˮӡڻҲȥǶġ
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ȱһ˻أһ׼ϣȺͱ͵ͷȥˡ
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֪æֹͣС˵㣬㣬Ūʹˡ
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ɤͳЩ᣺Ǹ๷ϲ𣿡
ϲ̧ͷô֪ܿ췴Ӧҵģ
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˹ǣá


41 
Ͻ⿪ĽᣬּϴЦݣ˫ĵۿԼʱģճ÷Ƶġ
ֱס׳ͷʵ۸磬ԺҪңòãһ˺Ȥ
ͷȥ㷢˿δţִ䱳ϣͬһ⻬ڷɢˮϣͬһ㡣
ЩԳ
յ϶ߣ֮ǰأ㣬С˵ţصذȥ
ϾЩŹ֡ͳ֮дЩ˶ᣬͬһ㣬̲ס۾磬֡ʲô
ǣһЦ£ء
Цôô飬϶̲סҪУҲ䶯ˣֻ˵һЩңƤˡ
һ˵̿ʲô˼ûˡͷϴ˵ţһߵĲģĸ
ϱźģһܵӣ˵磬ǲǵһ źԡ
ȻΪ˭ܽеöźգ͵Цɡ
ϵȻЦˣ˵Ҿ֪Һˡ
Ϊ֮𣬿ԼԡǱźģȴźԡֵ֮ʲôأ
˿˿ģʣҪǸϲأ
϶ϲˡöͷᶥ˶ĶͷдЩӣ϶˾ˡ
룬ң֪ϲ˼ˡ
ȴ˵˵ˣ
ðɣǻʵ۸Ҳ϶ϲˡ
ˣֻͯЦЦδϡ
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ĶԭģȴæҵæϸϣСʵǱ
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μģʵ۸ңȻ֪Ϊʲôǰˮƫ٣ǵȹ죬ݾͻ±꣬ʱˣ
ǵģΪ꽭ˮƫ٣ӹ̵ĵ̰һ겢ûмӹ̣ںձ֮󣬵̰ӱ٣ˮֱӳ˽ݳУ˺üİգ
ǵʱĴ£Խϼǵر
֣µضʵ۸磬ϵһҪҰ
üؿһΪԼĻʱͼͷе˰Ӽ߽ݸ壬̴ߴתƣ֮ڣ첻ͷأ
ͷվŵȫͷԣǷǳӦǣūȥ
˵ţȥˡ
ĽŲתͷȥϣͷ˵ΪϷҲΪ㽫ʮնˡ
е㲻˼֪Լģ㳯ЦЦ
˵ʵ۸磬պȻмҵġ


42 
ڶա
ѩˣϲŸ˯£ͱӲקŪˡ
ڰоˣ
˯죬۾ðſǰԭԼʦѩԺʵʦʲôˣ
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Ŷתͷֻֽ汻ΣѾȫĿˣʦҿʲô
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κر˴ǰѩڲо֡
ѩѲоְںã˷ܵʵǲӾͿˣ
ϵʹͷ
ԭǳʹթѩһŹâ㿴ֻҪȫͿԷΪʤˣǸʮ־ɵľ֣Ҹȡ˸֣ؽǲǺܳģ
ʵûתֻһͷ
ѩʣϻ˵оֵ˭ţ
ԣŴ˯оѣ룬˵˵ܸ˭
ƨŪʲô飡ѩΪʦ˭
ϰͷҡø˹ƵģҴӦ˵ģ˵˾ǲãʦ㲻ܽһõˡ
ѩ޻˵룬ֱŷâҸ㻭һо֣ⲻָңΣ
룬ԼӦֲȴӦ˵ˣãҸ˵
ѩһֽһоȥˣ˵µĻܴʦʱһ֣ʱܴʦҪˣֻϧ£ж˶ġٺԲˣ壬Ҳûƽˡ
˵ţЩϧź˵ܽ⿪Ҳҵһź
Ц޶˵ؾͶģǵİɣǸ˶Ȼܽ⿪ġ
ѩԣַСǲǾΪʦأ
ϣ
˼ҽ⿪ֲ˼Ӯʲô뷨
ѩŽίС飬ĳ£繬д˵һŹֵݴ󺵣ȴнݰߴתƣΪˮ׼Ƶġ֪ô
Ȼ֪Ͼµأ
ܸѩ£ֻ˵ľϣҲ£Ҳ֪ۡ
ѩԣһ㵹Ǹ͵ܵܡڳ͢ⶼۣ˵иڹƻأ
ϣ
ˣôͳˣ
ԺһΪˡģߣ
ѩҲ̫Ȥ˰һҲˣֻˣǿʼϿΰɣ
Ϻ뺿ʦҽݻû˯֪֪Ϸ˵ˣ粻˯

үһ࣬ŵضŲյȲ裬ʲôҲûСбӣԡ
衺˺ðĲ裬Żڵ˵˸Źֵн֪ѽݰߴ
Ŷ½糯Ѿ۹ˣջ岻ڣʶ֪ͣеǺ뵽ʲô΢Ц޴˾ԭڣȴܸǣֻ˵й¶
Բü֪ǺŹ֮µģʵǱܷң
ȥԺһ˿Цݣ衶ЩŹˣֻ˵϶μĩдˮΪΣ
衵üͷһ漴֣
˶٣˵ʮյɶϷһСӣͯ޼ɣɵ棿
ΪǣȻԽûǰĵ⣬Щ֮飬Ǿ˽Ϲ
ĻȴҲɫֻ֪ΪΣȴһӦֻǷ˰ɡ
˵ˣȻ޻˵ǿɳģ֪ΪƷԣҲٳֻ˵Ǳú𣿡
ѵõشǷǲ飬˵μİɡ
淢޻˵һ䡰´Ρȥˡ
ٴۣԺȴϾµС
һѵʱ򣬽ϱɵϸĴȱԼȼ䣬¶̺촽΢ţһˡ˯ͼʮֹˡ
ʱ룬Сһǰ槼֮ԼҲϰգ


43 
ס
ϵΪشŹĶǣҪ죬ټʡþߣ㲻ú䤱ˡ
οϴüˬһ˿İӯ͸ҪؿһЩӾһЩˬˡ
һЩŮ̧ͷ
գбϳӣɵϷ˳ҡͼǵ˭أ
һ̷ֲ̧ߵ֭ˮ֣
ףüҡŻ߽ôڵƵģ
ѽҵʱ˵ţɿعϣ¶ȣڷȫʹһˡʦһоָ㣬˵ǽⲻҰָ
ŶµüŶһ˫һ۲תϻĲо֣ɽ⿪ˣ
Ȼˡתбȡֽݸƣţʦȡ˸ء
ôʲô
ؽֵܳġϺҲĥһ֣ŸоﲼֵľҲ̾ѩƾֵǻۡ
ؽ￴˲о֣Ƭ̣漴ؽɽ𷴰ΪʤȷʵܳģǸˡ
ȻѩϾǷǳĽģ˵⣬ҲЩ룬˵Ĳо֣¡
ﻻһֽ˿漴΢΢üͷƵĵƾԣձɽˡ
Ȼϱ㽫ѩ˵Ĵ˾ֵ˵һ飬˵ʦ˵⿪ˣֲźˡ
ţЦЦ֪ˣҴȥĥգ֮ڣƾ񣬶һ˵ţֽۺãС
֪뵽ʲô̧ͷԽζЦţ˵˵½ʳ޶һôͺ
Ϻ˺죬ʲôͺòͺõģ±ûֹŤ
ȻţҪŵ٩䣬һ˽
˭ֱŤˣ
תͷֻһ۵˽ɫͣڴϵʱͻȻһۣ漴߹ȥָӣ
ˡ
û룬عЦˣ˵
Ǿӡ
ϱ仰Ūͷԣ֪ôͻȻ˵ԼǾˣʲôϵ
漴˵ƾ˭ǿ׷ҲС
ۡһЦûסԼİֻ¶һ˫ˮһۣúúãҲˡ
һ
һԵĽһͷˮ
ȴʵôȥɽׯˣ
Žһ£æ㲻ȥˡҲȥŽһȥǱϾΪأΪ֮
һۣĿɽɽׯôȥ
΢΢Ц̫Ȥˣƹһһ¶Ȥ
Ҫֵۣ
ⲻǰҸ˵һŹֵֱ¡
˵΢΢۴ؿ˽һۣ޸ոյݵϢҹ̰꣬ӿˮУҶմ󲿷ֶǨߴʶͿ̿
ﾪȵ˫Ŀ
һԵĽˣһ㶣漴ųâ˵ƣ˵ˣҾ˵ĩдˮ
ȣʵԤ˴ˮ
Ȼң˭ı£
Сģ̲סЦЦͷ֪ܺá
زĴ֡
һԵ׼Ҳ˵۾嵽ˣ̲סߣ룬ɲ۸ҹ¼ҹô
ֿ˵ԣиȥ졣
£
ȥҼдݵģ϶Ԥˮȥ
üʵҪ
ȥˡüĿؿһãȻĽϣ΢΢ⲻǣڸԼ·𣿡
ȻƵЦЦȻʢ
뿪󣬽ɻʵ۸磬ΪʲôҪȥѽ
ôֽһ£ˣ㲻Ҫˣš
ϵͷ˿Լڣɵص˵ͷţ´βˡ
ɵģ㣺ɣȥ˴鷳޸ʹ͵ʲôأ
ԣ˫۷̿˵һ÷ӣ
ò÷ʲôζˣ
ȴƫƫ˵
йӣǡ벻ˡ
ЦЦ˵ǿ޿ɷ⣬಻ȱԴöȺͽƱǾͲ˰ɡ
תתӣ뵽ʲô˷ܵ˵ָɣ
ʲô䣿
һûãʱ֡ϵƤͷ
̿գ㰡ðɣ׼ˡ
Խ⣬ܾãԼһʱ


44 
û죬ԤԽݴˮ֮±㴫Ƕзˡ
һ˵ɫ˵飺Ҫ˵ǿǹߵƲͯתµķнݴˮҲǴȴ󱯵ĹеΣǵүĶӣʮִ桭
æЩ˵Щ˵
λĪС϶Ϊϸϸ
ϻ֪ԼѾΪƲͯתӺ衶ġ衽ӵСסݱϣ£Ժġ
Ϊ˳أǸգԸնˣѧһʱ䣬·̫ҲԭĶ֡кü衶װûŹˣֱʵ̲סˣ
϶ˡ
ź񲻶أͷ衺ٺЦ
޳ָźӣ˹ؽӵϣġžžɫ͵ؿŽϣĳѩѧһӣ༼ɣˣʱƣ䣬Уδ۲ҵ·˵ҵһ
ڸ֪Ҫѽʱϣ϶ʶ֣Ȼϣʲôֻ뽫ϡ
ȴԸʶ֣Խ̵
¶ص˵ͷˣл׽̻塣
ֵΪˣʱơжȣ˽ʣ۲Է˽ԷΪˣ֪֪ˣܰս
ٴεͷ˼棬˲ָȻ
˵ţܼ˵ˡ
ϲ⣬һתͷͿŽһѻɫۣĵޣʲ
ɱȥһѱסϵͶĻ
ϵҲ¶ЦʵϳŨüۣЩұޣŵʺֱƷ񣬽Щȥˣֻʣ¿
ֻסϵıᰲο϶Щúòã
á̧ͷ¶һŲõЦʹҲãҲá
ϱתͷȥ衣лүշ
ֻ϶ҲҵĺӣȻշ˵Ǹ˵ɣȥ鷿顣˵ţת뿪ˡ
ϰѽʯһߣʯϣŸҶģ˵ĵء
Ŷתͷ뿪ķֻͷʽϣ϶ͷ÷зģ˵ݴˮ£Ԥģ
ϵ˵ͷѽѽ
üô֪ģѲǹθ㣿
һͷˮʲôɣ
ϿЦҾ֪˵˶׫ģȻˡ
Ҫ˵˵̫ɫˣ͸ۼƵģòˡ
˵׸ʲôϵϼ⸱飬̱
뵽˵˵Ĺ£ҲǿЦã˵ǹߵƲͯתɽٵģ˴ԤݴˮҲǹθ㡭
۾漴ЦƲͯתô˵Ƕת磡
̲סЦ˵Ķͷ˵㵽֪дˮģ
Ҳʹңμġ˵Ļλμ飬ڲκˣĵ׵ģμﴫ˵ݷ˴ˮʧ;òӶʳﲻ֪Ӷʳʲô˼ص˱ȣӡ
Ҳ˵ģ˵ȷʵ޿ޣˡ
룬ҲˣȴԼ޶ʲô£˵ǵ˵й¶˵ֻ
֪дˮôĲ߱أһطʡ
ҲʵˡʮպͶ֮ѡҲ̫ˡ
룬ǰοԼһ㣬˵֪£ΪʮݰҲ˵ֵڶΣ˴ξˡ
ͬصͷ˵öԡ
˵һ强ϱߣǽȴߣǺЩûмˣҲ᲻öӣб仯гöӿɰȻ᲻㱻ǰһ
ҲûʲôӦʹӦˣ䲻˵ĵʮָмһֱΪǽϵһܴ󷽵Ѷóദʮֿȡ
˵ǽϣĵܵǰץܵ˵ллףõĸס
衲Ц¶Цͷ˵أ
ϿԶվŵĽϣЦò˵õĸףõĵ
½Ҳ̲סЦˡ
ŽŵعһӾͿദгĻ棬Ժ̲סһֵͷ
ôүʷСվһôһڣ


45 
Ƶʱ֣ϱߴٽϴЪϢˡ
ȴ˷ܣܾòԼ·˵Ļĥĥزȥϴ
ǽϺ˵˵ԹԵظűȺͱϴȥˡ
ݣ׼糯ҲЩɣһ˿Я鿴
ſһҳš֨ѽһˣתͷȥԭ衡
һ㶣漴ԼĴЩʧЩæ񣺡¹ٲμүҹ¹ڲү¡
ԣһü롰ҹ¹ڲ⻰ôмأ
֮αض񣿡̧һ½ϣû¶һϮ£ڷ£䣬ʹƽʱŶׯһӱˣ·ׯŵҩЩޡӳϣʹһ˼֡
ɵö࿴ֻۣƽ˽´ྶͥ·һ׽Ĵ
ϼԼĪؾͺүҹã֪к
ûС衿˿ܣֻ϶֪˯²
϶ϴȥˣԼһӺϾô˿֮Ҳεģ̸۹µһЩΪ˽¼棬ο֮ǰһֱϵã䲻ԣʴ
Ŷƺľִ٣ߵ£ҽʱ·ڿ飬֪ڿʲô飿
ҲûʲôģæҲʲôֻɽļӣ£ʱ⡣
衿һۣʵϲģ
һ磬ѲҹģҪʫ㲻æôϽȥ˯
룬ϻʵɽʫ㣬ҶȽϲϲĻӽʷʫ硶͡һף̹̣Ǽϲġ
üΪϲġ⡷ʫġ
ЦЦɽġ⡷ʫ㣬ϸϸڷŵˡ
ŶƵʵأ
Ϊ˴̵ġ޲ʷ˫Ϭһͨһ䣬ʵһС͹ůֲ串ƺ졯һ䣬дɽüĿ顢簵һܳϵģ˵檣˵ĸ輿ӣȴ֮üĿ飬Ƿŵأ
衵Ĵ΢΢¶һЦݣ˵ҲԣʱˣĹȥҪˣδЩϿ˰ա
˴Щ˼ζЦôүɽԭˣ
ǣ˴š
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һ˿죬漴һЦΪɽԭ£һһ㡣
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¹Ǻ²֪أ˭Ĵ㶼߲ܣ
ĵ˵Լɽһ㣬ҿǱɽҪŵգ
衿ŽЦЦЩŹɵ΢΢üʷʲôѲɱͷɽҪô
ҲҡæЦݣһү⣬¹ٲү
΢΢ۣҿƺĽ仰
һ㶣漴ߣЦү˵ʮǰһ£㹢ڻ¹Ҳ黳񡭡
ʮǰ֮£Ҳɵü
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衼鲻αο뽭ʱ䣬Ҳˣ֪Ǹᡣ
ԭˣһ˵ˣҵʱѵģʱҵ¥磬кһůƣ鶯ּҷУΪңʶ㡭
ԣеҭ
ʲôʲôɲ顱ǡ
ù
衼һ˿ı飬оûЦֻЦŬסˣһϵǸʮꡣ
ϰڰ֣ˣ͵ҡ˵͵ұҧһڡͻȻ˵ݣ̸Ŀڣ͵үӵıӦ
ҲǾû˵ڵĻѸ˿ڣҲ׷ֻչҵĴһֲ㡣
̲ŵؿǰǰֲмһ˵ѹͬһˡ
˵ҶѾںˣүӲؽ黳үֻҪл϶Ѿ֪ˡ
衻˵ʲôϺŸˣҲڣǳаʵôҲڣҲҪһ˯𣿡
衺ͽϣ
Ӵ
衼ٿһʱ䲻ˣЩϢɣҲطˡ
ЩãȻǹ˵͸ף
Դȥˡ
еĽϿһ޹ĶӣǰĶʵͬ飬һŵ⣬úбҪһ֮¡



46 
СסعˣгԵģϾû飬ֲ̫Ȥˣÿһζ
Ҳбԭ
Ͻһظ˽֮£˵ʲôֻз޲ͬǸֵܣʮҲͬ˯һŴˣлġ
ˣеܷ߳е˷ܡ
֪ԼϲȻͬз֮°
ͬʱͻȻͺʹȥˡ
ûбֳżصʹȥˡ
ʱǰյʱ֣һʲôڣȥҲӣ˼ɵŽȥˡ
һţȴһףһЦݵغ˵ʲô
һӳ
̧ͷһ漴ޱࣺ϶ôʱˣ
СܹȥߣС˵Ϊˡ˵ţ̲ס˫ɫĴ۾Ƶŵꡣ
Ƚϴңúܿü֮仹ЩӢ
ȻĻ§ס˵ȴ۾ƵµˣܵǴ󳤹ĶӣֽӣӣǾŻĶӣϡ
ӴӷžѾʼˣֻԼδƯкЩСĹСҲûôģһֻؿŽϡ
֪ˣεĺȥ߽󽫾ʹشȥˡǾӾߵˣһ񣬵ܹӡ
ŻعϴЦݣЩƤЦƵĵСˣƷףһûأ
˵˾˵ĶӣôҴСûм㣿
һۣ⼸굽Ұʲô֪ģ϶ǾŻϻĶӡ
ЦֶԽ˵С϶ˣôŻôС
ܾӵĿеЩߣۿֻ˵ʮˣѾСˡ
ЦøӻǸߵģ޲룬˵סأס𣿡
ҡҡͷסڹס
ӡŶһѾ˼ƽϡ
ۿ˵¶Щص飬бЩֻ˵ӣˣʹĸõˣ޾Ͳˣȥɡ
һ漴Цζؿ˽һۣ˵ǳȸˡ
ҪߣŸۿû뵽ǡƼתʱʮаԼϻһ˿ŹֵЦݣ̺ת
˵Ķ§Žϵֲ˽ʲôأ
ûûʲô̧ͷ˿뿪ķתͷȥ˵ܹӺ֣Ϊʲôҡ
䣬˵ҰаԺԶ㡣
Ϲɵص˵ͷţ֪ˡ
ޱȣҲո˵ˣ𣿡
š¶һ㺦ߵЦݣ̲ס͵ȥ硣
˵Ӵͬ
˵Ļ̲סͷףҲ϶
΢΢ǰӢְƵǺÿĴϣ˵Ҫ׶ͷҪ͡
˵꣬Լ̲סߵס
˫Цסô㣿
ϱȦĲһ˫īɫӴ󵨶еأ
ЦͳЦǻǵý϶ܵ˲˵϶ûô󵨵󻶡
ϲס󻶡ʲô˼ֻΪ۰޹ִĵܵѽ
԰ҵĵܵܡЦһ£ϣ¶ĽⱲӶᶮ£ԣ۾ϡ
̱۾Ȼ͸ܵһĶԼϣʶſ죬һʪȶĶ˽з˱ˣվҲվס
·٣ϣܿ;ûޱȣ޲ð·ˡ
ܿ죬ſ黹ЩŹ֡
˫۶ʵģôˡ
ЦЦǺˮƥֳһ˿ķ϶ҿܵȲ㳤ˣô죿
ϲе˼һãȻؿ
ͷɣԺš
ŶϵͷЩ뿪Ļߵʱ򻹲ת
ܹŹ֣Ǵʱȴܺÿÿýǡ


47 
ԷţϴδԴǹߵƲͯת⼸ոЩƽϢ⼸µˡ
үʷ򽭽򴾿վ飬ǰۿһ
˵ϵʱ򿴼ϵĽӴӶͣ£Ͻȥ֮Ҳ
˼գ˵ү뽭ãֻǰƲ㹫ˡ
ٹգسһܡ˵ʵǽϻ̥ʮ¶ʮǰһ¶ˮԵһҹж˽ϣԼжЦĿ⣬˶衲͵Ѻƾˣ̽ɣ衼߶һӣΪԼŮӽϣʮֺԴ˶ʮ衲֪Ķ֪࣬ʵԼĹ⣬˽ϻأֻѳиŮΪġŮôһ˿ûأοһŮӣ衵ֱ飬ôܴûҹ
ˣǵóۡϾү衵ľˣϾү衺ͽϵĹ⣡
ⲻֱ˵ʼɫ˵𱾳ֵ˵Ĺˣ
ʱʷ֪ԼУ˵Ǿޱȣһӣôϲأˣֻ˵жһۣ룬Ϸҽʮ꣬δһλϲǽʷˣͬһͷһˮΪӣУ⴫ȥҪ˵ү֪ˣԼҲȥȥǽһշתߡϸϸһҹ뿪ү֪⽭ʷַ˺£λ٣ոɣ
Χ˵˵Ŀһɢ˵Ҳ߻׼ؼңһ̧ͷȴһſεվԼĪʮ꣬һǳɫεϴЩ糺죬Щŭɫ
˵Цλ๫˵㵽ˣһǹ涨ÿֻʱģաүԵԩƾԲһֻһۣٵҲˡ
ȴſεӳ֪˭
ϣ˵Цˡ˵ЦĶ֪˭ƾ˭½ҲˣСʳأ
ԽŭǺ˫͵ϣǽϣ
˵һ㶣漴͵طӦһѱסͷڵϣʷСĲڷԣҪү°СļлСʷСɣ
ͷð̣޲ý˵˺ݺôһ١
˵͵͵˿ı飬æģʷСǺ֧үģ㵱ɹģдСģСĻҪҺڰοοвֹһ˵˵ү£ɱңҲ²סڿڰ
ϣ
޲˺죡
һԵ̴鲻ԾæȰӣαǲһЩ޴ƽͷհˣ
ˣȴû˿ʷˣ֪ǺܿµģΪʷС顱ȨĶֻҪ˵ĳԱĳĳǲ֤ݱڻʵǰùԱɴ˿ɼж£ֱҪһ˵
˵˵ϷƵ˵ֵ֪˳ɻ²Ҳģʱ֪͢ˣʵҲ֪ˣͬǸ˵ʲôڳΪ٣
ϴˡ
˵˵öԣֹһڴһ˵Ҫɱɱһѵܰ˵˶ɱô
ˣϺݺݵص˵һۣתˡ
˵ؿµվѽ⽭ʷò˰ű񣬳ÿ濡Σ˶ôÿһΪ˵߳ŭˣүҲ֪οο

糯
һ磬Ͼ͵˻ʹſڣӱߣ׼ȥ糯ͷˣĴҴңһ㶼Ըˣһ·ϣвͬżк
ˣ簡
ʷߵôôȵҰ
֣ô·һ·ͷأҶأ
Ϻ޺ҧ˵˵ʲô٩ҶˣǿҵĶʲô
ӸǴһܣ
һƽ׺ƽ׽˵̬ȣ˲ǵģһ·ֱɵû뵽һȥͿһүվڴһڣվñֱһ
ҪͷװûȥһԵĶϢͼ͵תһ˫ĵֱֱؿֻһۣܿ㽫ߴƵĶϡ
ϣ
Ժ˰


48 
㡭衸տڣͱϴˣ
¹ٶү˵
ֻñ˿ڣһԵĶȥ׼ϳĴϢĵط˲Ҳһ㷿ĴС
һǰһȥæš
衿ƵģҲżһˣеʷлԱ˵
ү˵˾д˰գҲίߣżɽˡ
˵ˡ衴¶һ˿ЦݣĿٴ䵽ϵĶϣϷʣԭ϶ģǸˣ˽ղŷ֡
ϣ
ú˵
ү֪ģһʮǰ϶ʮ꣬ôģ۱ȡЦˣ˭ùأ
衵ĴߣֻסЦ⣬һȻ֪÷׷ҶҪ̲ס϶ǲˣҪ˵㳤Ҳ񡣡
˵ţõб
ܻôܣһӣôܻӣǻ֮𣡡
תһ룬ԣȻ϶Ķӣô϶Ȼ֪ôܻԼģ
αӣȻԼȡ֡
뵽̵үӰŮӣ϶ӦĹ⣬ôģǸŮӱУүҲ֪϶ôģ
ԣ֪ԼúˣҪˣ˲ٶ΢΢ЦȻ֪뽭ʷ˵Цˡ
ʲôЦģχȻԼĹϵ紫ѵҲż𣿡йүѵүż𣿡
ЦݣֻΪҪż壬𣿡
룬ͷΪүȨ죬Ȼû˸ȡ֣أ˵ӵ˿ҰԺôڳ㣿
ѲүԺ˵˵þ鸴ȼƣ
ǰ˼վԴ˵ǲãֻǺѹϵ
ȻүΪǧ꣬˵Ȼзʲôܽ͵ģ
أ
һסˡ
衿ĺͬʯķʮ䣬ֻǲûôףһҹޣȷʵй𣿡
͵غ
Ҫô˵ֻɺϣֻǸ
ǼȷʵȻģȴǲĨɱġ
үô죿䷢չԷչ˵վͻᴫϵڶˡүԺȻҪӣǰܻڻа
תߣٿҲЩȻֻ˵㲻⣬϶ٵĴڽӴҪǣϲӣϲŮӡ

Ŀ࣬ðŷӦԼЩʧæת߼ٿһһתͷүüüǣ
һۣ㰡

ϾԼԽԽˣһͷˮ˫ãȻʵҺθɣ
衻һſϴŸӵ飬˫ֱֱؿԴ㣬ұҲϲŮˣ˵ǲǸ㣿
ϵһӺ͸ˣö֮ӣæͷٿԣȿȣŶǸ
һ˫ڵ׽ѥУһ̧ͷͿߵĿֻһֻǽڷļͷ
ҾãԻȱųúãԺǴЦˡ
˵ţͷ˰ֱ뿪ˡ
Ͼͬ˵˵ġһͷһˮ˶סˡ
仰ʲô˼
Ժܻ
ȫϸ밡

Աү衺ʷ򽭽һǰһӶϻſɵĺơ
Ǻַ˱仯
˵ʷ糯֮ǰүοһ˶һǰһʷۺɫ¶ɫȻǱүúá۰һѽ˶˵´ͻˣĻᣬ̻ģ
˵ûΪ֪˽ʷӵ£ʷίòУ˲糯͸үοأڽǵһԵĶ﷭Ƹ꣬Щ˶˵ģ
ЩԲʱִ˽ϵĶҲԲ£רܵڽүʷɲһղá˵̯ݺݵؽ̯˸飬ųؼҡ
תһߣǰĿɿڴ˵˵ǸΧһʣ֪үˣֻ˵
ԲסǽʷΪǳƢ̫ãλൣ
ȻҶҶ١үǳ鰡Խʷ˵ĳ谮
˵ǰʷƽ׽ˣȫûдٵļӣ˷ǳ׺񡭡ôƢ˱ꣿ
ò˰ɣҼҲˣ£Ƣɱ꣬ܳ˵ˡ
˻һΧһͬȻǵģү˳ͣеڶҲӦӵ˲ܴŭԺʷˣǾң˭
ڶ죬Щ˽϶УһѪ³
ֱһͷײˡ


49 
磬һĥѩµĲо֣ͼѽ毺õϴβסЦ⡣
ü⣬ѷһߣӣȵĥɣҶƵˡ
ýҲЩˣѲоַһߣѺƳЦģ̲סЦʲôأ
ˣ̲סЦݣȴֻڴǵĻȣûʲô¡
ˣԽ׷ʵȴǲţпĵ£ȴ˵ⲻǽҲȲȥ𣿡
һţһ治ȵģæ㣬ҪҲԣ˵˵ģ֪ˣҪ˵Ұԣǰˡ
ȻʲôˡϵƤسʹ˸ɫ
ܣ͢ⶼ۽ʷүأ¶˵ƵģȤúܡ

Ƕ˵үͽʷʮǰʶˣǽʷġ
ۡĽһСĽ˳죬һģʵ˵˭ģ
̲סһЦû˵ǽʷԸġ
˵ʷүΪǹԾͲ𣬺صǿȡ˹үΪʷѾӣΪǸˣһֱ֪ӣԭ־鸴ȼˡǴòű߼ʣ˵ʷϲأ
˵ţ̲סЦòá
χȻ⵽ôһ£֮ǰᶨƵΪԼСѦȵ۵ѪֻɹԼү衵ĺӣҲûƷԼȵĽۡôִһƵİ汾
˷Ӵ
˵ţߵ
ӣݿˡ
ɡĴأá
ȻͼֳȣһѿƶӳϴЦݽˣϣǲǵأ
ǣӭϴ˷ܣǰʦĲо֡˲
һһЦ˲
ôȻƲ˿
ΪΣ
ϵĴ۾¶һĨƤУҵʦµһұµһֵͽܣˣҾ͵µһֵͽˣ𣿡
Ľֵͣ̿汻˵ˣʵѣǲ
ϲ˵Ĳ谸֮ǰ˵죬ô뷴ڣ
ǵǡƿߣ𴽽ǣ˵죬ҵ˼ֻ˵ҵյĺڿ̫ˡ
Сѩˡ
ЦҲԷƱܺµһֹУѾ
ﱻЦˣֵ˵Ķͷ㻹Ǹ˾͵ű
ͷٺЦ˵ǴԼ͸¶ʦˣ
ţֱ˵޷žһ򿪻ȣ̬ʵȣӶ˵ǷŲԶգ·𿴼ʲôƵģ΢ŴҵǺڴ֪ҵ֮󣬻ʲôӦ
㶣Щؿ
ȴתͷ뵽ʲôЦ飬ڴʷ;Ż£˵˲
϶ʱһƵı飬˵Ҹ˵
￴ı飬Цøţֹ˼ֻȻ£ֱµһš
χ񣬼̶˵֣ЦʲôѽȥҸǰЦб
һ뵽衲ЦıƵĴԣЦøˣһ뵽Ż⴫Ժı飬;úЦ
һ￪ĴЦüһôûµؾܣǸļһ
Ҳ֪ʲôء
ĲӲɵüӿˡ
߽Цţཱུţˣǰ״
£ˣҸ׺͵ȡأ
ԣббһۣŶԼеûţþŻҵͺˡ
𣡡æסЦݣҴ˻ҪǽоŻ֪ˣ֪ôѵأ
òʱˣ㻹ô
ӣҰۣ
ü˵أ
ðɡԾˣϻһǳȸˡ
ҲȥֱתͷȥʽϣԵʲô
áϲʳϲʳʵģӵñŻǰնһĲˡ
ãǽš˵ţתͷһźȥá
ǡæȥˣȱҲԾظȥˡ
ϼǶȥˣߣҵҸ׵飬ôѽ
ԣһЦ§ϸǺ˵
ҵҸÿģӢü۽ߣ俴öˣԾĶ΢΢˺ɫ
ұ㲻֪ˡ֪뵽ʲô£ֻ˵ģܽ𣿡
룬ԼϲԼϲҲûʲô˵ѽ˵ˣ˼ҵСչ˵һˣԼֲߣշĺүһҲδǼ°
ˣ˵ͷԽܣ׳òΪҲãûʲôġ
Ц㵹Ϊ롣
Ȼ뵽ʲôԼҲ̲סЦ紫ԣҾҵģϣҲΪ밡
Ƥģ̲ס
ȣϻϲܽӴ˲䣬˵ʵ۸磬վϦˣʲô𣿡
¶һ˿ʣ漴ܵĶ䣬֪Ϧʲô𣿡
ҵȻ֪ţ֯ŮϵĶҲٿһ˫ĵۣСŮӡ
ҲĺߣֻչлʺһձҪͻʺһһϦ磬ûлʺһҲȥˣ϶ϣʲô𣿡
ϺߵֻСȩ̀ͷʪĺϣʵ۸ҡĩˣּһ䣬ûɩɩܵҲûйϵ
һ˿ӣ漴ȴЦߵʲôɣҹҪЩɣ
ɤĪؾ˵ܽӴ̲סͷӷ˵ֻҪͻʵ۸һʲôûйϵ
˵ġһһѣǾô˵ˡ
šߵԴˡ


50 
ϦϦҲɽڣܹϲˡ
һδ޵Ĺ֯ŮɹȾָףԼܼ޸ɾڹУ๬ŮҲɴ֣Сþʵ뵽ԼĹԼȼѽڣԴԤʾܹ¶
겻̫ϦڣŶԼȻ̫һ
һͷԸȥ˴Ҳر㣬ϣ֮ǰȫꡣ
ʱ룬ۣ˵ʷˣ١

ϵΪ˽ģйҪࡣֻɫǰ£бࡣ
ɡ
ϼʵͷۣ΢΢ü⣬£֪ɵ˽˰һ³ûдһ֤
ԣ̧ͷǴ£ʷҲա
Ƿ꣬ʳգɱ˰ȴһԭɵ˽Ը˰Ŀ糯ߵһ˵˽˰֮͢
˵֮Ҳǳ̰ͼ֮ͽɵ֪һְ
Ϲ۲ɫ£ɵΣһطĵӣ˽Ը˰ɵֵòʵʵĺô¹Ҳһ١ȴðżķգԼ֪һܱסɵ޶ۣΪȥ£
ʻڱɽϣ˼Ƭ̣ʷΪΣ
ϵ΢ΪʵӦȥ¶۲١˵ţֲ΢˰ɵĳӱ˽ʶǰȥòǡ
ŶüǰΪ˭ɿΣ
΢Ը΢ĸݶߵıݣպ꣬¾ȫ΢Т֮΢ǰ΢˽áһǿǵӵԣȥйү衵ϣ뿪ʱһܷͷ
Ҳܹ˵޿һ糯𸴡
л¡Ϲһ񣬡΢ˡ
ȥɡ
ϸһ£˵үˡ
̧ͷͼү衴һɫ۽ʣŽˣ
΢Ц·Žˣ
ǡһ£ɫЩÿԴӾҵĴұ֮Ы޲òͬʱһء
֪ԼǽûҲʣֻǻ˴ǰֻİɣ
衻ҡҡͷΪɵһ¶
ŶüҲΪɵһ
ҲɻؿҲΪ˴£
ǡԴΣǰݰá
ĺ¶һ˿ȤƬ̵д⣬׼һͬǰ
뿼ǣôһ˵ֻܴӦˣ׼²Ը⡭
üһᣬ¶һ޵飺˹Ҵ£ΪϷƾʲôԸ⣿
Цһ˵Լȥ˵㶼ء
Ҳգǻ׼һ£ս̽׵һϣҲҸһͬȥɡ
ţлˣȸˡ˵ţȥˡ
һһߣ˺ЩԼӶˣͷ࿴ϵ
£ҸͳԵ
һ̧ͷͿ϶һɹһĶ˸߲ҵؽ
£ǸɹȺţ㳢ױһ͵ǰڵصϿӡ
εЦЦͷӹĿӣ𣿡
ȻǣϳͷȫģΪɹ÷Ž͹ըǲҽСԾǶˡҼرĶȥòóԣ
һڣоζԵɹͬһ˵˵ͷʲôȥ
ó԰ɣǺҷϷǳԺʱӽȥҷֺۣó̲ģܸܲɣ
ܸ̿ɣʮܸɣˡ
Խˡ
ĶͷȻȥһмۣϾ͹
áϺСЦһȥ㡣
˵ţϲϲܳȥˡ
ȥǵĻһֱȥ


51 
˳صӭЦ
ô˵
ȻǿϼֱҪ̫⣬˵ɹܺóԣܸأ
ͱȶһۣﶼЦ⡣ȸ½մϵĳίЩŮҵ£ΪүЩδʧݡ
ֲҪҵҪʲôݣ˵ЩҸˡ˵óԣҸˡ
εЦ˵ˣū澱ǧҲûˡ
ϱ˵ˡ˵ϱţȥ׼׼ɣȥԺժѡ
Ⱥͱһۣһ
ÿѽڣǱȸСҪæµĴ±ȥĴأҺǹʵʵĿ˻ҪǲǱµ殳أ
Ժժѡ
ֲģر𣬽С鳤ͭǮСൽϣʵǻϲúܡ˵ϦʱѼ¿ţ֯ŮĻ⽫һֱš
룬˵ҹ¿ɸǿѼһƷһţ֯ŮĻѽ
ʱһˣһˣΣ붼أ
Ļϲժѣ˽е
Сˣ
δӦ͸о˴ӱһѱסԼ֮󣬶˶òǰһ
Ϊ˸߲ҵתͷȥȴһа͵ӳС
ӡ
ۼӸ˱ɾ֣̲סôΪ˭
һߺæ˵ܹӣſҡ
˵أüһŴЩƦа
糺һӾȥȶȣеſңҲϲҲЦſң
ȴߵЦƵĵһø磬Ҿͷſ㡣
ֻ磬ƺ˽ŽģܵĽзԵҪСø硱ȴ㲻Ըģ˵
ҲУſңҾȥ߱£˵۸ң
ЦԽ֫ϸȴԣŮӵĲͬӵ಻һķˣԽ᲻÷ֻ֣˵ƾ˵ֻǲšҼ°һŮӳȥˣ¿Ҳûʲô˼°ɣ
˵ţԽ϶һø硯ø㡣
ûɵ˺ôҲشһƿӣ˳ŭĿӣұҪ˸ȥˣ
ӼԲԲ۾շ죬ģǿɰȫûֻЦŵúúãҴ˻跢Ƣ
Ĺĵģپˣֻ㷽ż°һŮӣŮǲģ㣬°ԸһЩ
룬ͷǣôʶ
˵ȻʶǰӨѲĻԼ˹Ϧ
Լˣ
Ӽɫ˱䣬Ʋֵӣ΢΢ü𴽣¶һµаӣôϲǸŮӣ
ҲŲϲأô󣡡ӨȻ󣬵ǽôô
ӸȤˣΪһ飿
ұôˣұһ飡ڵĻҲֶ˵Ϧ
治ĲȻԼ˰
ˣδмˣתͷĹˣһãȻ
̿Ȼ㰡ø⼸춼ˣ
ϼֺֺ˵˵ˣҲ˵Ҫժˣ
˵ţתȥժˡ


52 
ӿŽཱུӣͷһ顭ǰֻŽŪ֣ЩСĻ߲֪µһٴ򷢵ûʲô캦£Щ´δʲôС
ǰĽϣȴааֻСһɰý
ǰȥಽظϦôأҪҪ͸һȥҴȥĺӷȥ
ͣժѵ֣ؿҪѾͱ˵ˣһġ
Ҷ˵˱ºŮһʲôʱ㹲Ϧˡǰץס֣ջƵ˵͸һȥȥԺóԵġ
ôΪ򶯣Ҫܾıȵӣˡ
ԣŵһͷͼޱվڲԶһ˫ؿӡ
æӵ֣ܵǰЩؽе£
ȻҲ֪ԼΪʲôҪ飬ǿֱ;ԼƵġ
šûʲôӦһȴֽԼߡ
ǰ񣬵μ¡
Ҳ˵񡱣ֻʣʲôأ
æܹ˵Ҫҳȥأ˵ҺͱԼˣˬԼġ
ŶüҪǲԼˣ͸ȥˣ
ţ۾Ҳ¶һ˿â˽ϡ
ϾԼû˼Ǳӿţֲ˼˵ҲŲҪһȥء˺ĵҲҲ
ӵˡ


53 
ȴ̳˽һۣ˵ŶǿϧˣѾԼˣϷԡ
ֱֿ˻Ȼǻʵ۸磬ҵ˼ˣӵƣܹӣ汧Ǹܺһȥ
ͽ׽ȴǰˣȻˣС͸ˡ
š£ѾôֹӺͽټˡ
ֱӵδıˡ
Щǲ֪ġ˷ܵӸ㿴ժ˺öѣҽбȥϴһϴϾܳˡ
ֺõСҲĶ˳ͷƵıӣСԻʲô֪ԡ
ٺ٣бңֻ֪Ծͺϳͷ
߽УͻȻ˵£̲ס̽Ƶʵ£°Ͱعȥ𣿡
˭˵ģתͷȥббؿ
ûû˭ϱţЩˣڨڨҲ֪˭˵
΢΢𴽽ǣôΣ
æҡͷûûУĸʲô
ϵĻԽ̲סֵĶͷ棿
ϱ˵桱˫˫ָۣ˿ڣСһ˵ţָ˱ȣһ㡣
Ŷʲô˵ϾյһڣʩʩȻ˵ȥ
еΪƵģǸǣһΪ»Ϊǲء£عΪ𣿡
Ϊʲôô룿΢΢üϣ޵ӣ
Ȼ˵°Ϊ˰Өصȥҹϣǣߴš
ѵСһﵱԼһ˼ҲޣԲŶ԰Өº޽٣
ԣæҡҡͷհӨԼ񣬾̲סӣҵȻû밡عֲϲңҲŲҪ˵ء
ֻΪ뿴˵ӣЩʧ룬СһԼİԼֳܵɣ
룬ûЩʲôȴ֪ô˵бģҲ֪ô˵
ԼƺǡӨϲΪӨ
۲ı飬һģĵʧ䣬ͷˣˡҲϲӵġ
䣬ʮһͷ£°ˡ
˵ͼ°˽üͷ˵ʵ۸磬ҵǼȥλӹϦѽڣû뵽ȴ͵ܵһ𣬻һϦģѵǰĴһ㣬ٽ迤֮ͽг֮𣿡
һĻǰδе䣺
ʵ۸硭°ҲЩ⣬ȴٸڵĻ᣺
˭׼ģȥ
ʵ۸磡°˵ʲô¼ˣȫûе˵ȥˣߺ޵ص˽һۣתܳȥˡ
ϼɫʮֿ£뵽°ĻĬ
Ϊʲôܵܺ͸粻ܹϦƫҪͻʵ۸Ϧ殳ΣĸԸҧѽ
ϵɫƺЩԾ°ԽˡԽԽ˸ҲˣܵǰָֻţûѾ֮
ʱ޳ȥˡ
°ôһϣ컲˼Ҳûˣּϱ粻̽ص϶㲻Ҫ˵Ҷûаа֮ģֻ㵱ܵ۰
һ·𱻵ͷˮ͵̧ͷֻҵܵܣҰ㵱˰ʧصͷȥеۿģֲǰޣǱ֪Լϲ磬в뷨϶Լİɣ
ͷС֪ˣΪ˱ӣ»ǻȥɡ
һ㶣¶һ˲֮ɫָܿ糣ֻ˵ǺðɣȻȥˣǧҪ˼롣
ϵͷûлشֻȥˡ
ֻûпߵһ˲䣬оӨӽ


54 
ϻȥˣүҲ֪ȥĶˡ⼸̤ýܼˡ
Χ˵̬֪ܱǲġ˵䣬ֵܺҪַ˯˾ҪּңֵһĵοڻʼңҪؾ֮Ҫرֵ֣֮ҪãҲ˯һȥ
ǽֹס˵ʱż¶΢ЦԼӵԼܡ
ÿÿ°Ļͻᾪһ亹ԭԼǸجΡоӴƵģۡ
ѩϿҲĲɣ֪ˣ˵زס˼
Ͷ̣žһ졣
ǾѹƵģ͵ػع񣬾ʦôˣ
ôҵҪôأѩûٳٲӣȥˣ
ϾµС¶һ˿գԲʦˡ
ദˣѩҲ翪ʼһˣϴʧѹ֪鲻ãˡ
ʣʲôأ鲻ã˭۸ˣ
Ϻѵ˿£̲סʦǲǺ᣿
ôˣѩü˭˵˵ˣ
ҡҡͷȴ˵ˡ
ѩ룬ԼԿݼľӻʹЩлɣʵҲǣϼȻүӣôȻӦסȥΪȴڻʹУҲ
뿪䣬˵
ʦ˵ֳСй֮£ô룿
ѩˣһܿ췴Ӧʵ˵ͱ¹ϵ
õӿһСȻ·һ̾Ҫ޳ˡ
ѩΪ裬ʱߣʵ˭˵㣿ѵ²֪𣿵˷ºͿҪô
ȴֻҡͷ
ô£ѩʸףȴƺ˵⣬׷ʵ
ʦ㻹ûشҵ⣬˵ֳϵô죿
ѩԼЦ滢һĴ磬ԼϵĻ棬̲סһ񺮣æ˵ҶȻǸ˳һ٣ҲϣϾҺҴ籾ûʲôֺαΪֿЦ
Ҫ黳ô죿
ѩ룬̲סЦˣɡ˵ţΪԼΪ˵ģ̲סЦˣһ;úܿЦ
ϣ
ʦİ
һ£
ʦ˼˵飬ԲŽ黳
԰Ҫ飬ֺ˵˵ĻʲôȵȣѩӦԼƺʲô˵°
ϵ˼˵ʵΪЩԶ˽ϣѲɡʵϲϣ
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ѩĪ룬Ҫǰûаȥȫûע⵽òôһְֵа֮ٿСһ̫Գˡ
οʵϦദϲҲǱȻȵȣֻ֪ʼ»᲻ɱڣ
Ľϼɫһһı䣬̲סʵʦôˣ
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ɱ½Ⱑü첻ˡС˵ɫǺͬ߻ա
ѩ̲סЦɵӣǻʵۣĪĻֻǽȻ˵Ż˷ˣٴ󷽷㣬ǲ㣬ɼ飬Ҫô⻰Լ˵أ
𣿡ϲãסˣֻ۾
šѩ˵˵ֲͷ˺ˣͬ˵ˣһȥˡ
ŶϼҪߣʲôʵˣʦ𣿡
ѩᵽʱñǼһǸʮαӣʮᣬҲ뿴ˡ

˵˲˵ˡѩڰ֣ˣ
˵ţˡ
˫ϻѩĻѵΪ
ҸҲ⣬殳Ҳ⡭᲻ͽأ
ţò糺ֺ


55 
ϸճڳ衣³ǰʰ
үй
衼ʵÿף̲סҪȡֻ֣ǣ֪ʷҪȥεأ
ϵΪ衲֪ԼĿĵأԼΣܾʵ棬˵¹ǰȥ̽סүǡ
ԣһһ˵Ŷ档
ϣ
¹پʹ˱ˡ
ü㡣
ŷ۵ĳ嶯ת
Ȼͷ衵һֱԼϸ磬ûֵ𡱡
ͣɡʵھñûšߴѵ͵ʮݻΧһµô̸ᳵӺ棬ֱ㰭ۣͣϢһԵȹȥ
ǡŵͣ
ߵҲͣҲ˳
ǺǣүϢϸЦ
ǣʷҲˣ衱򶨣һ˿С
ŶԵ룺㵽ô㲻ǹܵúǻϽߣ
衵˵ͷ̶СַԸ佫ŵķȡԽϵһŰɣ
ص׼˵
вԸϹϵ˵лү⣬ͻȻе£һˡ
˵ţתߡ
ȵȣ衵ĴЩҲȥݡ
ϣ
һֱˣҰ
д
ɣһȥ΢˽á˹̶׼õСϴζ΢Ц
ͨ죬ֲ÷ֻú޺޵תۼϴŶóѵ΢Цһ̲ס
үˣҺܺô
õۿһۣ˭Ҫҿס
үסȴ˴Щ߰ĻҪǲүףԻȥ񻹶ǡүԵԩƾԲڻ
㶼˵˶Щʲô衱˵ӸһϺʡ
ϱߣ鱻˴ӵĲүү̨
ԣ̲סЦһСЩ֮£̺߻ţôţһְˡ
ϼһſƥٿ¶ЦݣǾЦʵڿΣЦԼǺʲôҲ˵
ˣˣͲҪֱŤˣ˴ʶҡ衵Щᣬ˺һ㡣
ϲ࣬ͷԷ
룬԰ײԣȳԱ˵
衱߳Աߵ΢ݣ㲻үʷˡ
үãҸγƺ㣿
ֻһͬεĺѣּɡ̧ĺӿ֪ʲô
ϱߣӣޣաġޡġޡ
Ե˵ͷ޲žнޡϲ״ʣ
šϿŲԶգΪʷҪڣԸͬžһ㣬ꡣ
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󣬻˵˽ϣϾʡռ䣬ҺѳУһһʲôӣһᴩġ
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ôСĿռл˵ĿԵʱֹϵҲýͷƤ顣
֪˼ƵģԼȡ˱鿴Ҷ˵㲻عңҪ˯˯Ҫҿ飬׼飬ȡ̫
⵹˽ϵ⣬Ҳȡ˱ʱ䣬ҪǱܿ衶
ſžͷԼȡһҲˣ澹ЩеĻĵ£ʲôԪմ˶¡дλߵĸԪյĹ£ҵĵճ̫ӵ£ʲôÿС̡Ӱ˵ģĿ׵УŵҲУһⶼ൱Ƶġ
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лһƪôһƿ״Ԫ̽Ĺ£˵ĸ൱۸ˣÿĹ£״ԪҲʷ̨˿֪˿˻θ롣
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ϿֺЦֺ
ŷžЦһµ˹ȻԼϣ
æȥȻһϤ֣ү
ϸоһͷϡ
עᣬϺҲ


56 
һĿʮһ㣬Ѹٵ£ԽԽֱӽˤˡ
ŵ衱ĶŪ̧ͷ۴ؿˣ
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鶼̶ͳһģ̶ֻ֪̰ʵģҲɡ飬ôˣʰˤ飬˷̾ͷ˱Ͱ͵һҳһֻͷд
Իһ·˪µϢ磬ɿɺԻβɣֻ겻ϾʱԻϵãϵáԻϣϡϷŪ֮ʣ޳޹ǣӨͬ񣬲飬ˣƲ̥ߡżȾã񡣾в֪ɡԽƣòʣɫһˣԻֻԻ컯Ҳ֮Ի֪֣֪С֮ԱϣȻ¡Ի㣬պ϶һ븮㸸һٻƣҹҹá
ԭд뽭ϱǰӡƾԲһ¡
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Ц㷭󣬿ɼ㽫֮ǰ¶ˣô˼ҵ¾ͿýζҲŭ󶯸λأ
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ԣдϲæүԱǣҾͲүˡ
衰ڰ֣ȥˡ
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57 
δ̤ʮա
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ѩ˵ںԼԼŲҲ̫˰ɣ
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58 
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ʵͱȱźˣֻзĲ£ܾ÷¶ԼʲźáԼһ˷ͷ޾ϸҪΪŰġ
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59 
ԡϳʱ糺ģһǱˮѬģһǱȵġ
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衿ı飬ԽúЦȴֻȤ֪ȢӣֻεĹ⾰


60 
Բڣ֮ҪĽ֮һ
ٰŵƽʣװһ£Ľֵǳˮòֻ֡㲻ʲôϣƻԻͣߺ𣬼˵Цѽˡ
ܱ߸ǲ˵֯δͬϵһǶͭһϣٹ˱ͬӳΣδװεķǳݻġ
װݻδУһҲ̫۵δͷվżµȥȴ̫Ѱ
δݿµġ
ڣϴһɫ£ڷԺͲٲȻһѰӵĴ磬ſδĴߣ
һԵһɫ£½кɫƣÿƥһˣſε·һ㣬Ůһ졣һԣ˹ĺȲ裬۾һֱ뿪ǾƨɿڵĽϣʼմһĨЦ⡣
ѩôڵμֱýţһ𵽴ͷ˸СȾȥˡ
Ͽһ֪ʲôתͷ˷ܵƣʲô
ǰһסӯһյϸһƿӣ⿴˿ֻһƴӶϷʻ룬ЦЦƴÿشնҪˮǼʱ
Ŷԭϳӣ̧ͷˮ𣿡
뵽ʲô߹һ˿ζĻȣҪȥʦˡ
ףΪʲô룬ѩֻͨѵ֪Щ£
Ц䴫ţĴ̫һ԰˵ţҲ̲סЦøһЩ
𣿡Ϻ˷ܵ۾̲סȥʦ
ôߣǶ¿ռ䣬ҲȥǶ԰ͽ
Ƚһߵ󣬴ڴڣ˫§סյߣȥ
ֺȴʵΪʲô
ôʲôҪΪʲôЦϲʦȥˣǴ𣿡
ϵɴ۾תȥ棿
Ȼ棬ʲôʱ˵ٻŴ۾С΢ţɰˣչȥ͡
ϵһ˲ֺ˼֣Ǳںۣ˵ʦǻء
ǲȥǣȻҲǡס°̧ͣͷ漴ס
˳ӵ̧ͷܣ־òӲ㣬ת档
һһָϸβַɿ飬ǵý鶯Ťӣǵֽ촽ƵĲӺǴڽ۵ļ˱ǡ
ֻԼȼˣ飬˵Щое㺦¡
ͣ¶Լõơ΢΢Ϣɤ˵£϶
ȴֱסƤЦҲ£ҵĵС
ҲЦ
ʱͻȻ͵һΣںļٵش˸ת
§סϣַס˴ձڣˤЩãȴˣŽߣ߳գͿﱧѩڼװϣ˳ѩæվ״ʵô£
ѩԣſɵĴתŶһιѴô죬ȥأ
Ϊ͵سæܣɴľһζ
ĴǵĴʵԶˣԼ߰˳߾ҪײˣǴϴ֪æǸ
ԲסǴһûƺö棬ùܾˡ
ѩﱧһ£ͽǰˡ󡱣˺Ź˵Բס˰˵£
ǰǴЦݣȴǿӲһūţûʸǵǸӳ
ˣֻǽҺǵĴϴ汻Ǵײˣ֪أҲˣﻹͽλӣǵһͷ˿˭
ټΪСǱŵģ£ͼϳ˭
ĴϴˣϴΪѣＸ˴粻ףͨĹΧݲҲҵǣСȥ
ǣŽϵǰȥҲʲô£΢һ²һ°ɡ
ǣҺ͸綼ˣ˰ɡ
ЦȻ˵ˣǾˡֿѩΪأ
Ƕô󷽣ͱˣԵҽƽΪˡѩһǾ
̿תԷϵ˵ֻӴ߳һɫµĸߴӣʵߴѾܸˣӿȥȴҪ߳ͷӽüĿ࿡ʣһѱʮֺˬȴл׹Ĺˣ۴һǣ漴Ц
λѣʵԲסҵū³ç˸λ
һڣȴĬضһۣղԭ˵һڱ


61 
Ӽ˲ֵҴ˺þƣΪλȾƣΣ
ˣ˵ȴǶɼѿ֮ˡ
˴Ǽһڱȥͨˣ˱£Ҳãֻѡ
˱϶ԷĴ߽С
ǴͨδǴվĸͬѰӣ䴩űܸоɱβűŽ̲ס˽
ȴĸһﲻź򣬳ȥɡ
ĸӱ㹧˳һȥˡ
˹Ż˻֣ʾ˳ȥſ˿ǹȥˡ
λЩźá˵ţ۾ȴֹסشߵĽϡ
ϱЩڣ߿һЩ
ȿڵλŴؿزǴԽ˰ɣ
ԣЦǣأ⣬ֲ裬ǴԽģ֪λ֣߾ͣ
Ȼ͸¶ʵ˶˵ڼʱû˵عӲҵǱϣ֣誣֣衣õܣϺҵĶӣѩ󶼣ѩΪǽӷϴ
һһطʺطҲһһ𸴡
˺Ѱգط˾ƣԽķ飬Ϊϸطգ
ԽǸõطȴظ˶飬ȴ֮ˣö
ţ΢ЦһԵѩ˸ۣ
ξ֪ҴԽ˲أҴԽ˲ű䲢أͱȷҴ磬ǳ쵱˫ȫ֮ˣд̣һһĺãǻʵ۲ʣֻر߽ȥˡ
Ŷطüӵĸһλպлᣬĳúֽһ
˵ԼĴ磬ѩżֽҴ磬ֻھһ䡮硯˭˲֪˲
һˣ̲סҪȤȻ˭ˮϱġأ
˻һͽ϶̲סЦ
ѩŭĿӣ죡֮˵Ұ̸ΪáþӣҲ˵죡
Цø
һԵط̲סʵǺεʣ˵
΢΢һЦƳһѩ֪䴫ţӺ̫ɷֻԧ첻ɵһԶţ
ˣط⿡ʵ¶Ȥζѩʵӣ䴫䲻ţϾѣֿ֪һλˣ
ѩյȻǼٵģһǰҴ絽ۣ⾹磬ˮУΪһȣòЩֲ֪٣ҴѱȤҴ˵̫ӣ´˳ȥЩ˵ıͼӴףܳɻϷģȡСЩ޻̸֮֮˵ˣ
һ˽ЦΨǵһ£Щˣʵأټ𣿡
ѩҴв˵׻ǶЩһཫòҿˣȷʵǼòġֻòҲˣƫȷǶһһĺãòɾһ
طˣ΢΢һЦĿӶĽϣʵѲҲл͵òȣ
һ㶣漴ӦԷ˵Լҡɾһ˵꣬ʶؿ
ɫЩãЦݵضطףֻǲҪȤˡ
طԣֿһ۽ϣžյЦĻôȤͻСպ󳤳ɣضǷƷòѵļѹӡ
ĵ˼֣ȴֻԡ
˵ƶˣٽźȡ
ƻصƣٴֱֻ˫Ҳûаů⡣
ȥʱѩߣͽعѾ˯ˣڻ˵
ʵ£ڷλصĹο
ԣһЦԳˣͨȺȴһҲһ˸УǴصĻ׹С
ӢΪֻǴصĻ׹У͵ģֻ¾ãһ
˭Ҳ֪ƾֱ˲ࡣ˿ϵĿ⣬ʮֲˬ
룬Ҳܵɱйߵɱصģɼȷ֮
˵ͷȥ飬Ǻηʥ
д⣬æּ


62 
߰գ뽭϶ǵݡ
˲ע⣬˵ĳȱͷͬѰټôЩ̴ӣȻעҲѣ衺ͽ˰취Щ̴Ӷڳ⣬ָֻװ磬ˣݳǡ
Ѱʮֲֹ·ƫ˹Ŀ֮˵ȷǣʵЩײ࣬һԵĽҲ̲סЦ
衼ЦԼ̲סյΪֺõȥ
ĽطĴ磬Ļ˴磬˼ҵĹӣֻ⸻һ֪Ǹӡ
СػܱҪһЩұ˵ڳ⣬һǼɣƫҪⲻײģҲ鰸
ü˵ʲô
ûʲôûʲôæ⣬ָǰһ¥֮㿴¥һƾƳ񡯣¥ȡǽȥøţ
Ǽ٣Ϣ档
д뷨˵д⣬߰ɡ
˽˾¥еСӭСŹʣ಻ף֪˶ȻҸԣæĵʵλ͹룬ǷҪż䣿
Ѱеݵ˶ԸڴһԷ佭˲Էģ̽Ϣģ˲Ҫż䣬衱
ˣѰƧĽá
˵ţʮֿȥһӡ
С̻⣬ʮڵشһȥˡ
̸վһԡ衸Сݷģһʲôɫ
Сˣ۾ʵ͹Ƿģߴ˵طˣ
С˻Ӻ˵𣿡
㣬˵ݽʳճɲãСũԱ⣬Ϊ˼ƣţԲʲô˼Ȳ裿
С˵õҲԣǸֻܰһˡ衲ŲæؽӻǸˣǵýһ԰棬ƽʱżӣ·һ㣬ƽʱׯصĹ⾰һҲûˣм˵ӡ
˭֪з衣һԵĵСԼ¶Цݣ
ԭλ٣С˻Ϊǽֵܡ
ϵһӺ͸ˡ
ھһͱйమģ඼ǮȥСĹСģȢؼС檡̣˴ƷǷǳʵһ£ᱻݵͼһȴȫͬпᰮɫСֵܡĴͳӳ16ʱһλԴδΪ֣ưõʽ˾ͬһ㣬ͬͬ˯ֱ곤ӽ顣Щһ˫Ȣ޵Ȼάֹϵʮ껹ܶ˫ĸ໥ѶԷĶӵŮ㿴Ҳ˵һӺǷǳѰһ£˭Ҳ۹⿴ֵеκһˡ
ݶнҲзӰ졣һ衸ߴ˹ޣȷʵЩֵܡɡ
衼Ϻ̲ס˹ԵСֵƤСͲҪȤˡ漴˿Ӹȥˡ
Ȼ˽̨£ЩҲסôھʱߣǡֵܡأѲעԩҲɣ
衼ԵͷٿһС˵ʳǸգɻϱʱȴ˵ʳɼΣɵһ£δǰ϶
˵£Ҳ벻ôˣעһ±˹֮ǣ˰ӣϸϸòǡ
һţҪˣͷʮ֣ϱСݿʲô£ôô֣
Сû˵أϵʳ˵ݵļũ֪ſأε֪үˡ
Ŷüʵô˷ʲô
Сؽ͵͹֪ʳǸգмصũɲ˰˿ǣǵ˰˭֪ͱͷ˾ͱְˣʵǸùٰҲǿ
뽭϶һۣвա
˸ˣһȥ֡
ﱭ¥Զ˲Ŵ֣˲ã㵽˸øֻΧڣڵİչſڣһͷ״ֽſվŵֻۣ۸ܵһ㣬ֲݣɷس
֪үڰ񣬶ȵ񲻵ٴţ
վڽϸһСһԵһ˵ǰŻЦذһǮӭȥˣȾأ
һ˵ɲǣ֪үǾģôĹŵݸССԱæȥͽݰգ¿Ҫˣ
ˣ΢΢ü̲סһԵĽϣε֪˭
ЩЦشһۣдţҲ֪ʲô
ûشһһĵĴͻش㣬λɲ֪֪ǵʢɽСӷٰԼǵүӳ죬һĹԱҪ
ԣߺЦŶԭ
˵䣬֪žͳһ۵ӣӳ໹֣һһ֪Ǻ֮
æǰ֪үǼص飬ͷ˵һ˵һ·ɣ
ǷһǺЦ˵ȳ͢ȵ֮£ɵ˽Լ˰۾ϣմŭվҪǻȥڴ֣پͲˣ
˵ţתҪߣֻЩ˵ɵļ٣ϷߣæϥǰһĴũ񣬸Ĺ۲ߣ
ˣǺùٰˣ
ߵİոǷ׷׿ͷ죬Χⲻ̾
Ƿһ˹⾰ŭý۵ũһ߷ڵأһվŵĹٲ˲ɣ콫Щҹȥ
ǣЩٲҪ֣һ
ס֣
ѭȥֻȺվһĸߴ󡢳˹Ŀӣʮң˴磬һ˫ضǷ١
ûɵĵһ飬ԷǸˣҲûϣֻĸٵ
վԵĽԣо̲סЦһЦشҲ벻ԼȻһ챻ЦǷǳıӵ衣ǲ֪ԾĹ
룬ֿ衣֪᲻Լݣ
ֻһԵԴǵԱգӦմԽλˣЩ˷
δԼݣб˵ףаո״ԱӦ󰸣㵹ãò״ֽȴ״һٴǺεѵ¼ʷǰһ
Ƿٱ˵޻˵߳ŭݣٱǷɣ˭ʹ˭СʵҲܲң˱ǵλͼˣҽѵˣ˵ţһԵĹٲ˶·ϣǻ콫ץ
ۿٲҪ֣˵̰νǰһǰ


63 
ٲǾҷȻŭΪ׵ĳСС񣬾ҷ͢ǹ죡
Χţ˵ģٱͲǣ񷴿øͷ
ȻֻµϽһתۼǹٲĵͶϳأаءһڵϣ̶ɫѷٶȱ˵
ʵȡǹٲڵϵľͲǰصӦǹٲԴˡǹٲȻ֪ŵɫһ仰Ҳ˵
衻ǰߣ˫ؿǷ٣ˣвԱУΪ֮
̫£Ƿٲ֪ģŵʲôҲ˵ֳ״ֽũЩһˡ
ϸ衽İմտ̬ͶѯʶԷǷв֮˴ԭȣƽڳˡ
Ѱʮ㣬ׯԳ֣һһ⣬ŷҲʲô֮ͨˡ
ţͼѾʺ˻ѼũЩ岮Ǻˣ֪ˣȻϻοȻؼȥɣ״ֽ㽻ңҶȻ˺ԩĪס
ԵһЩտл˵űҪȥлλǻת
ʶתͷĹˣǡˡ漴ŷӦԼֱˣ
һҪڷֱ棬˵ߣ˱㲻Զˡ
ϣ
ЩˣתԽϵȻؿջɡ
ȴһ
һ㶣漴۳һݣЦԶߣǰ
ֱ˵ǽϱˣ˵ǣн࣬ضԵĻҲ˵Цݣ
߰ɣ
˵ţȥˣæȥһһȻӣʵȴ˶ӣǸòȻαӣ
˻صĿջ衱뽭ϵ顣
ܾ˵ЩŤ׹Ҫ󷽵УдţʶүǷҪ¹ȱһܣ
ԣ̧ͷһۣʣô֮ˣ
˵ˣ¹үб𣬲ֱү̹֡Ե
֮䣬ίʲôһۣ
ôֱӵġ㶣ŷӦ˹ȥүкηԸ
˵ţдš
ֿܾ衲ˣֻ£ү
ţ̧ͷ۰ġ
ðɣ֮ϼæĿڣдŸ£
ȻбˣͲҪˣŤ˵ţ˵ͷǸµģǳ⼸죬һδعϢý⼸ǵϤʱ֪
룬յɵߣΪ鱾Ӧˣ֪ʢܣºпʢΪ⣬ʹֹ£˵ʳղ٣ɵ˴˴ȴʳǸաжȻ˴¡
衵˵ͷò飬ʱ򵽻౨һ֪˭ճ
ҡҡͷⲢйϣ룬ǲϼݵĹԱһЩطʳճϱʱȴ˵ʳգ˰ʱڷʵӣ·Сظ񡯵ߣӵĲ࣬Щ˰ĳЩԱУǲɵǣɵڵȴǡǡǸգɵҲ˰ֻ˽Ը˰ĿӦϽɵʵԶŭЩ̰īĹԱ㽫ε˱ǰΪΣ
΢΢ĿָؽϿ˿ۣˣЩ̫޷ˡ
ϳĬȷʵҪ˴£һԱܳµģУҲ֪ǣ˶ˣٸ߹س
Ƭ̣衵ʱ仹磬һȥݳ⿴Σ
ʲôʶʵ
ЦˣɽˮбԿɿܲǿɣ
ˣ
ϱīһĵһֺ̲סߣЩˣԼȥɡ
һ㶣漴Ц˵ôСƵĶƽʱǸԴׯصĽʷĶȥˣѲԼ̫ݵԵʣ
ļ磬Ҳƿζ˼Ҳ㣬㲻ˣ
ȣתͷʲôүȡ֣˼ô˵ţƳ۴Լϵ֣ÿܲס
衱Цˣ룬֮¶ˣʲôܲס
ԽԽֱֶ͵£нύ֮⣬б𣬹ʸ֮ġʮ֮󣬵ʤǰӾͣǷֺҹȥȡ֣ҺôҲʷȻʮһΪ˸ĸ˶Դҹô
һ㶣漴΢΢¶һа˵أ
Ҫ͵վʲô׽Ūһ治棿
衼ˣ̲ס̾˿ƽʱôôʱ˺Ϳأ
̾ʲô㵹˵Ҫǹ˼үݣ϶Ҫˡ
˹ڽϵע̹Ȼߵǰһ§סˣ𣿡
ϣ
ףü漴һսӶԼϣһסĺףͷǳɫĴ
ϳɵˡ


64 
սת
ϴ£˾¾ַ˴صʽһѣҲкüǴصĶԽ¹ӣԽȫŽ󣬴δֹԽʽϻǴԽһԽġ
Խˮɫ½·ǽɵÿۣԣһ˪ɫϱͳ࿡Σһʳ칬صһ㡣
һ޲̾ºʼжԽ˺ˡ
ʱſڹ϶󴫡˵ݿˡ
šһҲȻòΪ⼸ʵ̫ƵˣƵЩˡ
ΪʲôأȻΪѩ
ֻﴩһѩ£ɫĵһƱ֪ǻ׹еѹӡŻȣеڵǲſ飬ЦŴȤ
ô¿飿ôϿˣ
ÿÿǳѩϿ֮ǰ¿εʱѩ棬ɽ׼ʱģôѩӰҲޣѲǰϺÿΣѾȥˣ
˵Űһţ΢Щ˵˵Ϊ֣
ΪңָԼһЦģôˣ
ΪʦʦͲȻܻԹɫһˣ͸Ҳԭίˡ
һɫİ˱£ҡҡȣŶΪӾͲأ
Ҫѽ˵ÿᵽ㣬ʦ߳ŭɼ׼ˣԲŲԸ㡣
ԣ̲סЦҲδ˵ʲôѽ
˵ʵ۸˵ˣ׼ᱡΪḡʦԺҪ˵ûˡ
һ㶣漴ЦˣƵģԸ˹飬侮ʯ˵ҵķ
Щ˼׷ʵʵ۸ôˣ
Ҫ˵һ
ǰ˵ʲôأ˵
ȥһɫĵ߽ϹЦЦЦݡ
ʵ۸磡С¶õЦֶͷƣ˵ܲٲܲٵɼܱ˵ˡ
ʧЦ
ڹ£ϱԼϣһ§סǵʵ˯˲
ֿģ˵˯ˣأ
˯ӣж㱻ˣԡ˵ţС
￴˵ӣ̲סһأˣҪˣ
һۣ˵ҪǾ̫ʢ޴йҲԽźдд蹦򡣡
Զԡ
ϾΪԽʹһ֣д裬϶ҿͷԡ
ϿԱ̲סЦΪʦ
Ҳ̲סЦֵֹԵѩǹ֮ˣֻƤĿڲһѣôһʱ䣬Ů²ɣضֵ
ЦҵϼҰ
Ŷס˵˺ͨһ£Ϊ๤лᵽãʱγûлأ
ԣ˫۶˵á
Ǿôˡ˵ţһ£ϻϵ˿Ϣˣ
ҲϻϵǸط⣬𣬲ɺǸطôˣ
ԣüͷ˺ǰȥ٣ȴܿ͸ˣ½յһЩھֵ߱ʼտ͸ݡ
Ҫ֪ﰵаѵһЩǰһѡ¶һһο˸Ǵδӣȴط˦ɼطܱߵҲǷ֮
һţǸط⣬ǲǻˣ
͵ֻǻɰˡ
ʵϣܶɵ㶼˵طⲢͨĴˣıһʲôɲݱ
ȥŲˣֻھ̫ͣáҷǳɣֻԽ̽Ϣġ
šͷֲóȻݾߡֻܾˡ
ÿÿط⿴ϵ񣬾;мǲãԤУط⣬һټġ
žһȣʱ崺ЦݣˣȸˣҪȥˡ
̿ȥɡ
ϿȥıӰʵʦȥˣ
ͷ׷ѩǻػص·Ҫߣ硶ʫ˵ҳء
ã̲סЦû
ԣͷף˵ţ˵һ
ЦȥĵۣңҲ˼
׽ס֣ڴǣ˵дŸ㣬ͻһģҪҪ
ģϲ⣬ȻҪģ
óȵĵĶԽƣ˵㴩信Σʹ幬ңҺһţòã
˵ҪȥֿʼͲڸ𣿡
Դǣܡ
ϣ
Ͽ϶ҪһЩ˺ߵ飬ҡҲȥ
ȥԲΣţȻ㲻Ըϵ幬
̽ȥ
Цף㡣
Ϻ̲סԼĻ


65 
طʲôˣܿ˴𰸡
ٽʱ򣬴ͻȻʹԽʵʽ˴ʵ۵ţвᵽͨ˺ӡó׵ȹ£ᵽһ˽£ʵԣ
ԽŮ޶顢ˮԽòģ˰֮ˣԸΪ̫ȢҹΪޣԽؽ֮á
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66 
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67 
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68 
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69 
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70 
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ˣŴϳȥȻһЩŵطѽϴ֮أҲ֮ܺˡ
Ӧѩȥ˵ͬһȥûдӦ
ҲһֱŽϣǳʱڣȲ˵һ£ʢһ£Ϻ;ط佯ҵģѱ˲Ǻ޽ϣԽϲʲôõͷ
һֱ󣬽ϰٰδɿڡ
ʱӣдΣҲ
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ѩ룬ҲҰ¶۴صʲôʱ뺷оã˵ʵ󲿷˶ǲôԽģһų̻δ֮ǰϿѴȥء
ϴ˵ģʵ׵ѫδõϣ˿ڣֲʱԽ˿ԽڶȻìͷָϣпܻСʧ󣬻ӹܣʱղܿڣЩԱ󳼶ȻῪڣôʱ֮¶ͷöܵصأ
ˣɼ׵ѫ֮ն
ˣѩȻˣɼ뷨ȻԶô´δЩԷԡ֮ڣڷܲܶסЩյĿڲ۰ɣ
ԣĵ¶һȣЦЦмƽϡ
ѩ֪ʲôƽϣʵ۵ļƲȻһ뵽ţԼߡ
˵Ȼˣˡ
˻֣ʾˡ
ʱѽӽʮ£ڰصĳرߣȴø䡣
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룬ұ㣬Ͷι౻Ȧһˮ֮Уڣʵɡ
ʵҲǷҪȥֻ̬ʵġ
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Ϥһ͵תͼһɫĵ۷վڲԶ
˴󣬲˾߹ֽԼϵϡ
̺۾ʧƵģתͷȥ
ı飬̲סЦҵأ
˵ʱ˵磬ټԽ˵ʱ΢Ե͡
̲סޣǾԼǿᷳסᣬֻ˵ֻԼ
һ£ְԼ϶ڳ͢ⲢȶȥΣգҲġ
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ĲЦЩɬȵһʱҾȥҲˡ
ˣҲ˼˵ҪԼȥ棬̿ǻɵʣ棿
Ȼ棬ӣϷԡ˵ţĳı飬̲סͷ϶ܸܲң֪Լݵģ
˼⡭ϵֻ֪衾˵ȥұȱҲûзȥ߽Ӵʲôˣôô֪ģ
ͷ˵˵ˣ𣿡
Ȼš
ұ˵ϵͷȥصĽ𣬵һΣδ빬֮ǰμһģһľӦ빬µ̶´ҺܺãҪʲôʲôҺܲ£Ƣܻˤͷˡʮʱ빬ң˵ҲҵĶӣСѦĶӣӦȻʵĵճӣǻλҲҵģǱȦңˡ
˵ţúʵĺ
һһ㱡
ʲôΣʵǽΣԤ뽭ϴԼҲĹϵԭʹ㽫ɱ˵ģ
Ǻأ
˵ʵ۵ʱԽʹѾս˱㹴أԽȴƭ˵ǰˣ£ѣǴ󱦡Ǵºܿ춫··֮մŭ˪ԴҺٹȥԾѡһԾˡȴʱ仹꣬һδ빬
ԽԽľ̲סʵ˭ǰ
֪ģʢɽ϶ʢɽֺ£Խ֮սδʼѾˣͷһ׮¡
ҲϵֻǾ֣ս˵Щ¶ôȴ緢ˣΪԼͽϵĹϵı䣬ʹЩҲһһı
ǡԼĻʢŭ֮´
ԣѹֽϸսʱ˾ԼҲ˹ɣԼǱо˰ɣ
϶ȷҴ㣿
룬ܹܴģдġ˵Լ·ǳңһ涼ҡ
ע⵽ƺеԼС¡С硱УԼȻѪԵϵȴȫ㲻һֳɡ
ְӵýģģô϶οֻΣôܵأ
ǰϵ¶ЦкãҲұкãûʲôġ
һ룬ȷʵˣԼľѾк˰ٱǧôǲأ
Լ̫̰ˣֻҪĴԼþ͹ˣȴϣ͸˫˫ܣ޸ҡôܣ
ԶǳϪ£ޡѰ˼ҷһиԶ֮ʱΪôûԼĿͿأ


71 
˼죬ͻȻһĴϢ
˵ʮһӫģ׹¶ضΪʯ˴ŵȥʯϾȻ֣Ȼǣ
֮
̴ܿ촫ʵ˽ʯͷ˻¸ɮѯʼףɮڳ
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ɮׯϡɷǣȻԽʵؤûһģһ˶Ҳšټ˿ڰмɿǱȫŲɡ
Ҫ֪ǰԤԽݴˮһѿǻһһдֱѽд£˭ʵأ
һԽȫһģҪսսҪȴǼӣ
ϵȻܸˣûһ˰ѽϵջˮƲͯúÿӦõģֻĲ֪ǺܾȻҹġ֮Ҫȥ̫
һ̫ġ˵µʱһС˵©죬˵Щɿд˶ˡ
Ϻ׹ҺЩҲǱģ
һׯԳֵЩȻҲҲȫǡ
㣬ôģбңҵЦˣǺôףûȢֻܼ޸ǰɣ
ӣҲǡ
ʲôǣǣȥȥҲ㣬ˣαӣ
衴ŵվڷſڣǱƽ˹ϵˡ
·Ƕ͵Ц
衼ٿһƵ㿪ţ˳ɺͳ
䶼ΨϴҾͲ㻹ˣҴҾͻʷ
û취ֻЩ͵Ц˳ʲôЦʲôЦȥ
״ɢԼ˽͵ȥˡ
Χˣ̷Сޣҽȥɣ֪ˡ
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û취ֻװޣ䰡ҿɾֻŵ°
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ͷţȻԾЦ˳
ϻ߶ͻȻͷûΪôأأʾ
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Ȼ֪ǹģֺֺЦ̲ס򿪷ţͼƽ߸ϵүһ£ڷſڣǿ
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ϰүҪƵſʲôӣ
ţǺԺһȰ壬ǿϴ˯
ôҪ˴ϣɲý˵ˡ
衱§Ž˯§§־Ϳʼʵ䱳ߡ
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衾ͰӽûȵĴľ⣬һŪǰǡ
ϵĺȥ׽֣ʲôһ绹Ҫ糯Щ˯
˯š衵ĺõͳ˵ޣꡣ
С䡱һ£ͨ졣
Ȼһһ࣬ǻδһ
ͳȥ˯˯ϲΪʵ̫ˡ
ޡ衻һʵᣬתҿ㡣
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΢΢ﴽޣ濡ΣȻÿ춼һ𣬵Ǻ㡣
Һõ㣬ռ㣬ΪҶŶӴ˰ҵء
Ȼ鶯ѣҪˣ֪ԭ衴ô˵黰
ֻú̳ܵˣֻΨһ䣺δ߷ָ꣬û֡
գ̲סЦǰ»һ䣬Цñ¿ߣ÷乲ҡ硯
ϵκ죺Ҫ˵Ȼұ㲻ˣ
úúãҲ˵ˡ衸һ£Ĵֽ¶һ飬ǼЪ֬˿񣬹Ȼ
ûţš⣬ǵԽˣȻƣֿ˫ȣָѨ
ߵú޲סԼ˫ۣȴһ߶϶ʱʲôιǲףԣǲ֭
ϱû뵽˱û̲ס̳
ƽʱòȻҲ̫Ҫˣ˵óڡ
һչѨһŪףϽʵ̲ˣͷ£ޣβˣ΢̡
˵ţһֱ롣
ʹףӲסû
Ȼ֪ʹ۵Ϊȥϵ亹
ˣ㶯ɣعҡ룬ʹʹȥҲͰˡ
Ҳʵ̲סǡ裬ԵңǱνٻġ
ʱһãҲûôô
衱Ҫӣڴ֮£Ӳ˵䣬ɫã˵ģ㵽ʱɱҡ
ϻٳ䣬ͷ͵شŪϾ˼룬ֻܸл
飬ұޣл򽿻򴭣衼ˣĵҡ⡢飬Խ۰
Ǵ̡


72 
ʱ÷ɿ죬ܿ͵ʮ¡
Խǵĩʵ͢ԽææſԱæܽһ̲æŴһڷĴС;ڣæŽ֧ǹҲæ׼ꡣ
ΪʵۣȻæһսʢɽ̰һæĸĻҪļæ׼ӦԴص߽ؾжһսģ˴ԽҲ˿и
ȵ˴ʮеһʱͣԽǹ﹬⣬һϲģҼһæꡣ
ǾʢĹ磬߷ŵƽʣƻԻַͣǷ
ϵһβμ깬磬ʮ桭ܶ裬ȴδμӹ磬⻹ͷһ
ɫĿצڻ˿ͼڷһ˿ýסһ磬һܽǶͯһƥĿˡ
˴һʢģԱھ˺һŮμӣʶ绹δʼʱ򣬵²δĹټС㶼򰵵شϣСȷʵͬתͶ̥һ㣬˵ǿ֥һ㣬ֻԶ۶ɡ
ܿ쵽㿪ʼˡ
ʵʼҵǱȽȤģΪʵٹҪ໥ƣ໥ףأһαʮ֮߳Ǹ裬ʱĸǶŵ֣ˣҲ͡ټϵĳʳûдеôáʱĲƷֻ辫ºÿõó֣ҪóʲôʶҲûʲôôˡ
ǶڽϴˣҪϽʶʲôȨԼ߸ԼŮɫŮֻɺˡ
ʵȤѳҪȥ͸һ͵͵˳ȥ
߷ŵƽʣ·ҲյúȻûʲôˣҲ˸е¡ϴδ߷һʱ䵹ʡ
һΣԼʮಽ⣬еˣҪߣͼһɫӰٿسһײһ˲˭أ
ӦôҲˣ
һȴʲôҲûɺ磬ô㣿ôһ˳ˣ
Цȥ֣͵øУҲģּ͵͵Ҳ˸ڳˡ
̲ס¶ЦݣҲԣѧ͵
Сûĵģҳ˭ģЦŵ˵Ķͷ
˵ʲôй˵Զϵһս֣һִֻ·ȡһȻһߵļɽȥ
꣬޴ȥһط
ԼȻ֪ҪԼȥҲȴǳģһҲ¡
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Ϻܺ棬ǹɵظȥĶѽ
һɽɽ˵󲻴󣬵˵СҲСѰ˼ҳͷȴֱߣлһʯͷǵһɹ¡
ȡ·ʯͷϣ˱ʯ
Щ䣬Ͻذɻ磬ʲôطѽ
ҵܡЦ͵Сʱˣˣһ˶ҵÿ켱޵ʱٳȥѾòˡ
ϻȻЦ˵ɼСʱҲʡ͵ĵơ
ҲЦע϶ҵ϶
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΢̲סס֣硣
һǣִӻͳһֽŵС϶ãִһˡ
ǷǳѰʺ򣬿ɽȴ֪Ǳһᰮ⻹ǻˣ̲סʪۿûп޳ֻЦʵʲô
ѹǮЦ
ϴһһöͭǮҲЦôֻһģ
һԪʼ¡͵϶ǸΣ˽գ֣Ʃ֣ƩùøãĹ
ȹ꣬Ը궼ˣֵֻݡ
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˵ЦŰӵ뻳һ㣬㳤󣬵ȫס
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ǣδ˵ʲô˵϶˽죬Ͷʮˣ͵ڵ͡ǡ˵Ӷʮڶ֡лδ֣ܲȡһ֣
ϲ̧ͷһ棬˵ЦӾȣôҪѵӦԼҸסĳȡ𣿡
ȡģҲʺңǵġ˵¶һڴ飬ŮӳޣҪȡ֣ȻŮӣڴ϶ȡ֡
̺ΪְѸȢؼҵĴ
ΪȡԺҲȡ֣ɺã
ԣδӦá
䣬룬ǰδ֮ҵҲɼȵ̳д󱦣Ĵҵ˱˵Ķݣǡ󡯣ı֣ͽС󡯣Σ
룬ЦˣǺ⣬˵ãͽ󡣡
ҵıأ𣿡ʵ
Ȼʵ֮ǰѾˣղһ˵ˣΪȸҲعǡﻹҲǡ顯⣬Ҳţ߶ԶܻͷӸ硭
˼
룬컹ҵģҶٰŪˡ
Լһ飬ʮֻϲҺϲ֣лл硣
䣬е͵ȴڴ˿ȼմԽԽ
϶һأòãΧԽԽǲ֪ģ۾ȴͬϵǡ
Ͽŵӵá
㿿ס
ڴ˿ϨɽһƬڰǽȴãķӴ˵޺ڰϮ


73 
֪ôģԽԽæǸճ꣬ӦһϾʱ򣬿ȴæӡ
Ϸ֣ԴӳϦҹԺļ滹Ρ
Ƕ³ˡ
һ޼ദǲ˰һ޼䣬֮޸ҡ̹Եദһ֮æҲӦõġ
һɣʶҲóʲôڱͱȣһɲ֪ģϾǸһҲÿ춼лӴ߸ϵĻʵۣ
ʼѩϿΣѩǲǷʲô£ô˸ɫ
ѩ֪ԭеһн϶ǲ֪ģ¶ʮպȻԽİ䣬᧿Σ
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ѩߺǵСѩشϣůʪ󣬶պѩⳡѩǽͷһء
ɫ谵ϾͽȺͱ壬һƣ֪ΪʲôԤУ
žƣҵĹ𻨾㡣̴ȥ԰֦Ǻˮװ㼸ϷţĿȾҲѧһ㡣
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Цùˣٳůͻʳˡ
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ϱĶͻŪϺҪϲǰŮҲʲô¡֪һΪǸ磬ҰԼ͸㣬ɺã
˵꣬ĴϢ˼֡
硭̽ػ
һ̣ͱ߽ߣһѰڴϣؿȴһ񣬷·һ̾Ҫ¶ȥ
ܿ˸ԼȻ͸оѹԼϣ磿Ҫʲô
ܾһЩܵ£δˣһʱЩӦ
˭֪ȴشһѳڶϡ
磿תͷһã޹
һ㶣漴̾˿¶εЦݡȥԼȵĴס۾϶ҪңҪҡ
ôˣ̲סʵ
Ϊ㲻ңҾͿԺĳռΪˡЦ漴뿪˴˵϶뿪ʹɡ
ϻһ𣬷·𱻶ͷһˮû䣬ȴ¶һ˿ѿЦ˼ȥס죿
ǡĺڵӽı飬ҵ˼ǣԺ󶼲Ҫˡ
Ϊʲôϵ᲻Ƶһŵʵ㲻Ҫ𣿡
ûΪʲôٿӣһߣؾŻһȥġˣԼˣңûǲҪˡ
Ļ̲סġ
ʵĿδüͼǵ뿪ˡ
ΪʲôϲԼΪʲôҪԼףŻúõغԼ˵ȾȣΪʲôͻȻǱһˣ
Ĳˮƽ


74 
ڶһ磬ӽϳ
ȻϲߣѷѲɻƤشڹвɣҲһ죺
Ϊʲôö˶˵Ҫ˳ǵûз
һԳĬƬ̵³ԺûǽźǧԼӡнʱ򡣡
ȻֻǰοԼһȿ޻ѿЦݡ
ʰˡʹ⣬Ψ͸ķݡ๷壬һú˴ȥվſڵСʱԭΪǵҲЩˡ
һԸί˼Σү糯æŴҲ֪˿æʱܵÿء
ˣ̵ֻ֪ԼĲʶȤЩŭ֪ˣʲô߱ˣǰͲߣ
˵ţֱС
һԵ̺˫̱Щڨڨģһˣô
ү鲻ãൣһ·źˣϸƤ
ǣҡ˵ţæȥ
ЩֵԼδ˫̸æᣬӣͷվĿ˫̵ǽȥɣˣպ󡭡ౣء
˫̿ģȻ֪ܣҲǿЦ
ݡ
ԶȥУ󿴣ֻСܿ챻סˡ
ŷӣ
粻Ҫˣ롣

ص衵Ҳסˣλ͵֪ҪһУҲ˵
ҲãɣҲ˼֮ࡣ
֮ǰڹеʱҹҹͽžۣͽϹǵСӣ衣һԲˮȸԾŶԣǽܵ˾ΥܰȴܾȱЩʲôƵġ
ѩվϿΣһЩóԵĺģϻǴ
ѩȻ˵СӿɱʶôǿͽܵķҲΪѸģҪûأ㻹
ʱ¶һЦ˵ллɩɩ
ѩͨ죬ҪŷƢ˵˵ʲô˭ɩɩٽһҾ˺죡
̲סЦȴĵϲˣʦǧ˺ҵ죡
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Ҳ֪ˣҪģʲôˣ
鲻ãټ䣬ڼ˽£Ūýÿտ񶼴ǡ
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ϵȥɣעⰲȫ
Щ˵ĶԻǵͷʡˣͷİɡ
衻Ǹһ׿һԭİоǡţɱ
Ҳ̫ںţ˴һߵһ֣߻ؽԭļңҲǽסҸڣһֱھ
֪ǲòߵԵʣϺǰδ빬ǰƺͬȻ˵ﲻܸͬܵе
ңĴŴ硢Ѿ൱ġȺЩط룬һ·ߣһ·вٹߺ
ϱǿҲǰȻúãȫǿɰЩĻϲܻ˵ļҵСӴΡģЩδĹҺĸˣӴǰڨȻǰ׿һڵĻ
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Ϊǰһ±ΪƲͯӣԼ֪ģҲûж룬ֻЦЦ˵Ϲ
ȴ˵ǴصǸʲô̫ȢܲϹİɣΪǴԽɼġ֮
ˣʲô̫֮ʲôʱҪȢˣ
Ҳһ㶣漴Ц˵װʲôɵ´ôԽ˾֪Խ̣ɲǴصǸ̫ҪȢ㣬ʵ۱²ôɼǼܵܵġ
δ˵꣬Ͼ͵ش
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75 
ϷӦкҲ˲ϴ򣬼ææܻ֪Լôص
ʱ衻ڹδأ鷿칫̧ͷͼһҪ޵ıܵпһæվ϶
ϼǵ˷УżɽʵˣΪʲôҲ֪ǵ׻жңΪʲôҪң
ϼǱвᣬǿ㽫׵ѫԽһºгֵ϶ǱδǣģҲ֪᲻ѹ
ԭί߶ƵĵƫǴˣұʲôֻҵĴ
óᣬ̾˿ȥΪ˭Ȼ˵һͳԭ֮ģ״»ɱԹ
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룬ֲԽԽæֲȥص̫ӣҲֲߡԭһжΪҡ
ϼóһõţ˵Ǳ㸸תģ˵ǵ֪Щµʱٸ㡣
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䣡Ϊְ֮ӣ˼֮֮ñ𣬴˱μ빬ʱ¶ͯö÷֮ʣȻ𣬺ʿɰȻϲ괿¶Ը֮ɳԸ⣬ԸģԸ֪¡ճɳ
꣬ʱصƽ¼ȶΪޣ˼֮
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δ˺Լ£Ϊ£ʲôǣΪ£ȷĴ𰸶ܸѹִԼԺǷϲ
룬ҲǶԵģԼȷҪʱԼ⣬ҪޡӣôԼӦףԼϲϲֻǶԼĳͻʧӰ٣
Ϻѹ뵽Լ᳤õǧԼ棬̲סҪᡣһĳŵʰף־ۣ˷ָǧ֮Ҳ޹ؽҪֻҪͨʱʲôأ
ͨһ㣬ϱȻʣȻΪԼŬƽأôԼҲӦΪŬŬһõġϸˣ

С֮ͬ䱦ȴҲϡ
ʼӼѧϰʦŷΪʦѧϰʫʸ踳ȻѩĲ֮Ҳδķϣܶʱ衻Խ̵Ϊ˴䴿棬ޱ֮ˣö֮Ҳϰü洫
·ݵʱ򣬱߽ݵϢ˵ʵ۴ԽӴôˣոݡֱȡصļݡ
ϵõϢϲõԱ̲סдŸ빧ϲԼ֮£īĥˣȴ޴±ʡƺ˵ʲôûԼ˼ֻôҴдԼ뷨ۺһŽһһ
ʱ򳣳ддͻȻ뵱ԼһһһһЦһһʱŻЦеʱţȴ
˷ֱĻ٣ͽϷֱ𣬽Ҳֻڹѣȴǧ֮⣬ָӴǺųơ֮ʦľսôܲģ
һأȥϺʦѩһСĿѩȣѩ̧ͷɫ糺죬룬飬ֻȣ·Ҫ븹С
һֱһϣͬһӶԵ񡭡ͨ죬תĶӡ
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շת֮䣬ǰ˫Ưȵĵۣ֮ȥ
ҹΣȻμμܵ飬Ǹоʵ̫棬йΪԼô򴲣Цһ졣
ͷߴ΢Ц϶ôأ϶ˡ
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ӣЩʧǻϣʵǽ֮ǰܻ𣿡
衳Ĭ˳ҲԣǿԼСοձϺԽӲӦõļƲ߻ǰΪ
Ҳ˵ֻᰴκνչ
ȻʧǰοԼǸԼʱԼΪˣԼһҪڸʱһϲĽϡ
ùѧգʮ³йӼ࿼ԣ˵ڶһһӵܣŻ磬ķڷֻаϾԼŷ͸׵Ľ̵ôˣضҪŬźá
˵ȵڶ꿪ѧ֮ǰԣ˵һӼĲʿǶд̶ݽ겣Ǻų˿󼰡
ΪӲڿļӣΪƣҲֱ̹ϣӼͬǶϲԸΣҲʶ˲ٺѡ
ȵʮ˴Խ´ƶݵϢʱ򣬽ٲȻǾĹˡ
Ȼδšҹʱһ˶⡭
ѾҲ̫죬Ѿʶˣʶأûи׵Ϳݣؼ䣬ˣһϲ𣿻Ըȴ޸


76 
ʮһ£Խأһͳй۸ΪΪԪꡣԴˣйԽʱڣԽһͳʱڡ
ʮ³ʵ۰ʦسգ۹ͣȺ
һʼᣬע⵽Ǹߵꡣ
޳ͦΣϸȴòȳڣˣվһȺ׹֮䣬ҲѷɫٲȻһͦСɣֻʱգɳΪĲ
󷽵س¶һƽ΢Ц
ǳȡ
괽ǵЦã漴ƿߣ·עߵ˵ȥˡ
ЩԼĻ壬յ֮Ц̣ʮְۡ
һԵѩѾɷޣٳһͬүߣ衺ͽңңԣֹסزͷϣ̲סذЦһ˵
㿴£ôɫԭ֮飬ң겻㣬¶̲ڡ
һ˵Ȼͽܣڳˣòˣü˼ӢͨҲһˣҪǱ£ڶȻ޲ðźá󳼵ŮĽǿֲұֵ̫ԣﵨӴ˲òãϧͽһҲϰ
ȻϣС׺Ϊˮȴɽơ
㶮ƨСȡλعˣԵ޵Ե
úúã˵ʲôʲô

ᵽδʱŽʱ̫бˣ˽Ǿ˶顣
ϱҪѽסЩ˶ǹӵ˲ƷжȽϳڵģҲȤͶ˵ֿһ磬ӵԼǰȥμᣬ֪ǹѩͽܣʶǰȥѹ󡱡
룬΢ЦŵͷӦˡ
һ˱²ȥ磬ֻǻֻδʼãģ뽭ϣ
СĹ봾ع
ϱʱԴȦϣԼǰ£һģҲ΢΢ŴĿд⣬룬룿
˶һۣ뿤үعһ𣡡
ŶϵĴøߣԭǱ°Ҳֻּˡ
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˱Ȼǡһǰһ´һۣЦЦȥˡ
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ˣԭڵһɫĵսϴ˶Խ죬üԽɱƺ˶˲٣ǰ˼֮˼Ե
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ϼסĵļһƽ񣺡ܲμ꣬رʶԭóԸ
תĿԣҲԷֿ
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ϸǵСǺҡ
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֪ķθ֮ԣȦ˵ÿδ̶ָӣʱɱУԽʿǴܹ裬ʿǣʶӮعĻ֮ʦÿÿЩľսʲôʧ
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ԣȴ˵΢Ц֪ϲңҲɡ˵ǰ̫ˣһôСͶ飬ǰһݣ˯ţȥҵû뵽Ϳװѵڻ顭
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Ȼ¶һ񣬵ͷȴסˣһ£磬㻹ǵֹһ𣿡
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ҪʲôҪģһֱǸ˰Цá
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