صС˵www.27txt.La ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ

͵ߣȿ
İ
߸֮
--------------
̽
һ̽
Ŵ
/


1 
ñ˯ͷˣһ粮ɹñǰܣһȺѾСں׷
Ѿ׷ĲӣϲӣұСԲȸڵˮ߲ܲˣŶӴ󺰣үЬЬ
ñַŤŤĹñŵЬһǳƵǰ塣
ŵϸ첲ʵڲЬûأžͰȣһԺӵ뵹һү
ڷֻë໡
ǰԼ˳ȾʯשۿҪʺñߵرۡ
еʹûеñСһֻۣʱ˿
˲ϵ麹Էס˵ˡ
ǸµĹӣڵͣɣִȣ־׼طס˼ñֱۣվȣǺЦүЩ
ñվȣҲСǰʧͳñʵү𣿡
ףҸ컹ûͳˡ
̫ͮͮѾܣڼñ̬ϣһ࣬һ̧Ҳ˲˵ˣ𼱻ǵܡ
һȺ͵ѾС׷ȥ
ؿڣһҵķޣ帨ôô磿໹ûءӳ£ȥ
˸񣬵ؽֱȥǡ
Сһ𳤴󣬹ϵܺãȥԷѰ˶ͨ
˿ʧתǣ̾˿ҵĶɣ˸õòƫƫǸ޴־竣ÿպһè񣬻Ƶأ¡
Խ˵ԽͷۣܲѧѧⶼʮˣûΣվȻķҪҪˡ
һԵŮҲ֨ĬĬŷߡ
Լ߹طɱСݱƵĴӣֶԼҰһõС룬̾˿ҰοҺãԺζģûȫռˣҪһȥˣҲȣ
ұסȵ˴ʱű˯һµһװڱϣ΢΢ţһ˿Өɫޱˮʪһ
µĳʣҵĴûأ˳Ŵ˽ϵ鷭˼ҳ
һ£ǼŵĽŲ
߻ߵǰȵ򦣬ͷ˯ˣ
꣬תתһȦ֦պīˮǺʡ
μ꣬ˮϣе
æҵط㣬㵽£ȥϵˮ
֪ô£ˮԽԽ࣬üеߣ
ܽӦʲô
µ㿴ϣöˮ
ߡ͡ЦҸ
ߴţǺʣŰ׾
ࡰ죬ڱϲ˲䣬˯ʮ
ĴѾ̽߷裬ƼԼҹӵĴЦ߲˸ơ
ҶɵòΪ̵֮ģһٶǵŮҲһ˲²յүҹӿԼôҪ˯͡
ᴫȾ߿Ŵϵ࣬Ҳǳǳ˸ǷЩˣ˯Ƭ̣ﲻźˡ
˳ȥ
Ա£طʵڲԣЩ˯Ƿ˸ֽŲðơ
˯ŵʱֱǻԣôŪѣҲֻǺͰѸ첲һӵϡ
߶ϰˣ˸ƣ۾
ﰲϸ˰ȵĺչ⻺λãһһ˴
౻ˣü۾
ʲôʱģ
Ժ˻ֱ׼Ѵʷ£һ߾۾
⧲ӣ˴һʱû˵
û˵ΪûӦû˵Ϊ
Ӧˣ˲۷ְѴʳˣʱ硣
һֱﵽϣ½᯵֣۾
ߣ
߻۾űԼֱ仨ǣǣûסͷЦ
˫̶ֹס˫۾￴Լģ
ۣЦ߶ӣã´
߲ڴϣϴͻ£ڷɣ
ͣڡ
˫Ժ󣬱۾ţƽֹᣬʱӦ֣ȥ
û˵أһˮͷ˹
ϵʱһƬīɫˮÿ죬Ȼʪ˴Ƭ
ߴæ˴Ҫڣϻûϴɾ࣬ûסЦ˳
㻹Ц
ǰסļ磬ҲҲˮƽˡ
಻⣬Ƶ£תתҲһհҹȥ㸮͵͵
ϵȣָɵתȦסץʵ֣ЦĳҹСӴܡ
ࣺ
ҲǸһֹ֣ˣѾ߻ˮϴȥƽֹͻᣬǶˣĹòõļУõƢԲãҶ䲻ҡ
ߵ£ַ˷ͷĻӣҹʣµ˿ڣƽֹǿ鱦ΪѾ˼ƫƫʢǸ廨ͷá
²ӣбЦҲ˵廨ͷȫϵͷһ廨ͷ
ߣ
߻£̧࣬ʵ಻ϲ
߹࣬ץ˸ӽҶǼֳҵ׷һӽʳҹⱲҲûʲô
Ц˵Ҳǡ
崰ԸֱߵıӽʣµĲˮһвͬ⣬Ҳֻ࣬Ҫ룬ʲôãңӱĲ䲻ͣ˯ϰգҲÿճԳԺȺȣúûţԵˡ
һ紵˽һ۵ӣһƮϣԺݱ»ʢţŨ
Ŀֻϣﱿˣ
Ѿ߶˳ʳûǾ仰ױƵ˵հʺʹ͵ĳʳġ
߱קߣδüҵķ˿̧üӣһˮôһѰ
ʫơ
бţ㳵
ݺڣҡ
αǳгգմϼ
˵ǳ
ĺ£ͷʢţŲΣ˲˵Ŀ⡣
ַ˸ʦ˵ˣúǼѡ
˵ʲôҲҪȥһյġ
߻ѣǰ£湫ҡӣɨ²ˣЦȥǺ࣬ǵΪǺ
سգգۣ⻹˵
סĲӣյϲǡ
˿ţƤǣеմŲڣ͵һۣȺòȥŵЩݺݺҲſۡ
ЩίݺݺࣿҺԺɾ㲻֪
ȥֱбۿаҹ͹Сү
ߣ
ҡȵҹ㡣
۾кβ㣿
Цյߵ˵ҹҪҸҵõ
˿ǣٺ١Ц˲ȥġ
׷ĲӣʣΪΣ
°ͣüЩ⣬˽ҪǺظӣҹеæˡ
ߣ
˵䣬ַѾˣվԭأĿްлӭģûǰ
Ҫţûϣתͷ˫ָֻЦ⣬һԵĻƲΪ˲Ǵ
ַʮ֣˿󣬲˱ǡ
ϰæӭЦṫӣӣϡͰ
ɨһȦǺأ
ϰΪѵ¥ϣ
ûĲֱӴ¥
һʣʲô
ϰæṫӿȥɣ岮ĶҲڡ
ߡžغȣüô˵
λҿ϶˵
ȫ֪ñӺ岮ĶǶͷһ治¥ͷѪġ
ȥʱȴûеѪȷ磬෴ģ˸һͷȻʮƽ͡
ѵЩԻˣߵ࣬δڣ岮Ķ㿪˿ڣã֤
۽£ȣյһ裬ƿڣʲô֤
Ǹ竣ҲǸÿ竣һ׻첻ߵĶŴԼֻûˣʮ̨ۣźٵòҲɵؿ˹
Ƥֱ࣬ʲôʱôһУ˵ҲģŮòˣ۸߱˹顣
ߣ
߿࣬һƵģ߸ŲӣЦ岮ļҵס
ΣδȤ磬ǱҪȥġ
̨ϺһˣŲͬڳķΣ󵨵¶ϸشȣòڰڱɴ£Ȼɿò
˫۾ڳһһɨԭҪ˫ɫ۾Ϊ䣬˹Ƶġ
ߴñǲ˲Ҷڵ￴˭ۣ
ǺĿתЦŮⱲֻΪѰһԼɾˡ
ĺ˵úã̧Ƭ̣ʣʹΪӣ
⻹˵۾ճǺˣȻǻǸΪӡ
ǹֻЦĬˡ
Цһл˵٣
磺һ
˻ȣ㲻ſǸҪһߡ
𼱰ƤЦⲻЦҳǻƽ𡣡
΢΢üھǻƽӣǲճ
Ȼļֱӷ˸
߻СˣԸ䣬С¥
ǱҲ˼ۣİһ
ǹѹ
ŭȴԣ˰
罫ӡ۵һˤϣҧһǧ
൭һǧ
Ǽҵ׷˼Һܶ࣬мñһģΪñˡĸֳ̼ǼжŮǽϵһɾǮҲûΪŮһǧ
̨ϺϵЦǡôʼûô·ǳٽ޶ϵɫЩˡ
ǳ𣬿ɡ
Ŀض࣬Ǵģǧ
°ͣĿǧ
类ƼŭͷҲС˵ڵ
ӣȴ׾ٴĻһֻ첲سη֣һɵתȣƮƮҲǰЩӷĿµѵ⣬ڴΪһһǧ𣬿вװɣ
ɫҪڵĻ˻ȥ
Ҫƽʱɴһϸ£˵ø˵ģǵ滨ôǮŮˣǸԼѻ
Ȼվݵ࣬ձ㣬շ
˵꣬ҲǺת¥
ſ¥ݿսս͵ϰһæ񣬼ӰӲ˲
¥Цؿࣺӣ
ˣŷѣתͷԼСҵǮ𣿡
û˵۵Сۣ˵أ
ߵӷ׻ˣϰͣסеƱݸ
಻٣պǧ
˿۾չʣô֪ռǮģ
ûվϻ£ˡ
һ㶣վߡ
׷ϰ嵲ǰЦеӣ㸶ƽ𣬱ˡ
ۿ¥׷Ҳ׷ˣͣתͷ̨ϵĺȴѡ
ûҪˣҲǺϾΰȴ⡣
մַȥ˶֪Ϊһּһǧ𣬻ȥָñ
ܴȥģȥҪô


2 
һûһظҹԼôﶼ˯ˣƵĴӺ˽ȥ
Ϩ˵ƣһƬ˿˴ļ磬ԼԺߣЩңҵڰ֮ǰš
Ʋ֪ˣͲú
һţűߵҴС󣬿͸λô䡭
ˣķﴫһصŭ
һҪݵĽ˲ʱһתȾҪܡ
Ѿߵ˵ƣ˶ڷ˹ǰһҽմȡ
ͣ˲תͷԼĿ⻺ƣֵıϡ
򸮴󲿷˶˯ˣֻԺŵơ
ñ˵ӱ򣬴Ҵææ˹һˣʵʵͣſڣԺеһѾСһվ̾뿪ֲҡ
һһϣýʵʵ˵Ŷֱۣͦҧ´ӡ
ֻ޴౳ѾѪȾ͸ѻɫñʵۣ̾ˣˡ
ѾСһ۹ӣᶼˣԸмؿү
˵ϸᡣ
ˣ
ࣺ
ڲ˻֣ͣʵǺŮأ
΢΢˶۵һü˺ˣѰ·ȥˡ
ֵ֪ķ£ԺĸýŸţļҹҼ㣿
ͷû˵
ûٴԼۣϵѪѾʼԼ̫ˡ
ȥ鿴ƣѵʱϲܶǰ֪𣿡
𣺡֪ˡ
ñæ֪ˣˣɫǻȥЪŰɡ
˺һۣṉ̃죬üģʱѾƾս˽ҲһϢֻҪǻҾллˡ
˴ҧˣЩۡ
ɫƣѾߴ价˰֡
价Ʊϡ
˵֪ûôǮ߶٣˼ҡ
ñͬ뿪ˣǰʹ˸û
ѾС˶˳ȥ·ȥѰҩʱһƱ
С£Ǳݺıˣ̲סָۣЩҩһ㣬۵öһ¡
æתעʲô
еƱɢȥĿЩ񣬹˻ŵ֪ǺŮļǮ
Ҳ֣ṫҲ̫Щ
ظϺҩЩſ˯ɡ
ȥˣ˳Ϩ˵ơ
ſڴϣ۾ȴþò˯
ϻۣŻſţ۵üҪ˯ˣȴˡ
һȥҲˣֱ
ѣƿ˷š
³ҹȻЩѾˣҹû·ϺģӰûУ££ѣӿ첽ӣ·سС·һۡš
ԷһƬŵ˺ƽȣƺ˯úܳˡ
һ죬з紵˽ֺܿ챻ϡ
һӰ˽ǰ˷ҡ
ǰӰ֣мϸĶ£Ӱʱñץס
ߵʲô
û뵽ţһ˳£תתеıʣ޹㰡
߷˸񳤰÷зñΪһһǧ𡣴˿̲ǡǧһʲô
ߵЬӣƤЦ˵ϣЦȤ
ߣ
ס֣һѹ£ܰӦҲɱЩЩͬǺ
ƺЩݣֻʲôԭûܰ±Ǹ˵
Ҳû˵꣬Ұ˺ˣѰ·ȥˣҶ֪ôͬһ
΢΢һ㶣󻺻˴̧ȥ㰢û𣿡
ͣͷŽȻͬˡ
֣û㿪ȥˡ
˹ӶԿֻ֣мһҹôҲ벻ͨ
ߣ£
ࣺô֪úҪǧƽģ
˵Ҳ֪
ࣺ֪
߸ͷľ࣬Ϊֻǧƽ𡣡
ࣺ
ž׵ҹɫṴ𴽣˵ʲôߺȻôйҩζ
ࣺ
ûа
ҩûʲôζζУս˾ͷˡ
߱΢΢ѹʱͷĵƱȼǰ˲ʱ
ڴϣɫЩ׵ˣĿĴϣһСѾˡ
ü˴ˣ
ϵ˿ڣܿߵĿ⡣
ôˣʵڶˡ
תƻ㻹𣿡
΢΢һ㶣ЦΪ㲻֪ء
һҲ۲ϸ΢ֻǴҲ˵ˡ
Ʋ죺Ҳ֪һ֪𣿡
ֻЦ𣬰ڴأȥ´
æְס
һֻͱϸܣ˴ꡣ
ֻͷ˵ƣƹͣ
ĬĬӣ֣ãഹӣƿ֡
߽⿪´ʮɵЩ㲻볰Цֻһҹίˡ
£ԼҲӦãɲί
£۾˵Ǳϡ
գðѹڴϵġ
ΪŵĶѪ
Ϊʲô˵ǰ𪱳ݺ˿ڣ˵ģһۡ
֪ģڼôҲ˯ţˣ˸Ƿ°͵ֱϣϹҩˣܿͻˡ
ߵͷս˿ڣᡣ
ĺǳ౳ļӰԼϣ֪ģȻЩ˼
̫ҽҩߵҲУٸЩ𶯡
ҹѵù˳Ӧš˻ʲôƱǻģϸպá
ߴӹȡҩʣ˸ģ
ﱳϵ˿ھۣǡôʱ߽ҩġ
Ӧš
߶ظҩΣ֪ˡ
˵̲סʣ𣿡
ۣ߱·̵ߣүƽ𣿡
߸ᴵ˴˿ڴúõʲô
ģ۾ȷ˵͹پƷȴ죬ûΡ
ϺҩãϨ˵ƣԼҲ˴Ҳ𣿡
Ųſã˸ǷԺһ𳤴ֵͬܣȻãֻǡ
ߵ˰Ҳûȵĺ󻰣֪Ѿ˯ˡ
Ŵ꣬Щˣ߽ʷ£
۾Ӧ˺ڰӰӣ̧֣ҹɫȻָ˵Ĵϡ
ֻ˻ջ֣Ȼˣ͵͵ָԼĴ
ѵʱ껹ţʸ⣬Ҳ֪ʲôʱ
˯ţֱ۾ؽߣʲôʱˣ
߷˸Ӧ֪˯ɡ
ſһҹʵۣǷ˸ţȴϣűӣֳ˯˹ȥ
ʱĸ첲ȶϣ΢΢۾ʣôˣ
ߣû£׽ң˯ɡ
෭˸ֱۣ߸OO@@˴ͷ˵ŲԶȥûˡ
߿˸ˣ෴˯ˣڴſ˻еˡ
ǷףЦһһۣԸȤúܣСʱû׽Ū
ƽӾܷԸ
ࣺҶˡ
ףӷԸ׼ʳ͸Ӷ
ڴߴѣã߻һ԰ɡ
ףͬү˵һʱ̻زȳԡ
ʳһһҲమԵġ
θڲãԵò࣬ԹڷߣĴҹ˻ϵİڼÿװԼĿڴҼ䣬Ƽһδ˼飬ϾͲ顣
˾񣬶һ
ֻǷҳǺ͵ؽˡ
ϥվʵڵֲס棬ͷԶЩ۾΢һָⲦ˲Ǳ飬ⷭһҳϱ߻żΪ¶ǵĴͼѰͼͬǣϱڸֳģӣ
ô£Ȼڷֶ
Ҳзģ²ټಢûͬһ𳤴֪ûǷȺãԼôҲǺſġ
ڵϣһҳϷգŴַһҳ
磬ʮֺãѾ߽Ŵˣչɹ˽õġ
˽еࡣ
Ӹߡ
ⶼˣԼôȵòͷˡ
ײߵʱ˳˹ӲٺöǸ˷ѰõǸ˱ͼйǿܽ壬ˡ
ߵǰЦ˵ϲĶȥǡ
šüӾ̫
û˵ȥӺȻĻ
ߣˣ
׻δҵæӦǷˣӱ˸顣
ɫˣתſߡ
ߵſڣٿȻͣס
չ°׵۽ǣţֱ۾Ƶ÷ۣ͵ر۾ˡ
ͷԣֻתȥɣؽźˡ
ӰŴˣֱ䶼ûţҲûơ
ʵڵǣȥţеӣˡ
Ӹ˻ŴЩɥˣҡ
ѾŸʳ߹̾˿߰ɡ
ѾЩΪѣӽ͹ģС˵ǽ֦͵ģ辡ԡ
ײͣҲ
һźÿˣվǰ۾ֱֱѾߣ͹ģ
Ѿ߱ƵĿ⿴ò˵ͷ
߷ŵָ΢΢۽˵ʲô𣿡
Ѿ룬û˵ˣͽйӾԡ
ʳͷһʱĴ֦С֦ȡ˳ʳﷴңûκη֡
ͷ۵
ЩĴ򶼱ˣǿˡ
ൽôģ
ſڴϳ֦ñǰڵذ֦Ƥ
һͷСǾµ˿̼һСԲ۵֦⣬ұߵСһС֦ˡ
Լñûɫ䳰ñЦӭӣҲ
һԵѾСװæµȴø߸ߵģʱƮ͵͵֡
ñЦǺǵҲ֪Ҫǻ㣬㰢ﱣ׼øݡ
෭Żӣûһһ򡣡
ñ
ñڵصһ˿Ƕ֦ҹǰ˵𣿡
ʹӵ⻰Ķ˸ۡ
෭ҳ飬ү˵𣿡
ͷعӣû
ñ
ñžذ֦£üͷһ㵽Ҫʲôʹ죡
ȵľ仰һ˿Ҳû⣬չͷȥ˽Ǯҡ
ñɫ˱䣬С
ţڴã΢߻Ǯ߯ˡ
ñ˽Ǯʵڲ࡭
̴ž죺һҲС
ñҧҧɣֻҪ͵Ƣˡ
һʱˡ
࿴ʮӣ˳˼
Щͬ飬үȷʵôˣҵʱڸ⡣
˴ԼЩֱӣˡ
үͻȥ
ࣺϵɡ
ӳţɵøͬүˡ


3 
Щ඼֣ܰһںѵԼڼԹˡ
˰࣬õð˾Ųʮˣ
ҹ壬²شţյſھ˶㣬ʱͣߣӵǲ½˫۸ˣҲȥȡ
һԵļŮװͰ͵ģŪЦֱۣϸϸãǣЩˡ
ûˣ˵˺һֱߵŮߣֱ
ã¥ߵʱﻹŲɵСǸ¥ҲǳһڸҹӵľۻĵطͷԺһӦȫ
ȣɵ˴ţһվڶ¥Ц˭
һ˵٩һǧࡣ
һȺӸ˹ЦͬŵĹҲڴЦ
Ҳ⣬ȥ˸λ£йơ
ǹͲ󣬶ʮģȴѿǸӡ
°ͣ۾￴ģ
ǹɬһЦϸϸعӣǰǰġ
һԵĹӼģļ磬ôһ
ջȣĵ֣ûؿû¡
Ŀɨһˣ￴һȦü߻û
ṫпպл찡һԵЦ˼æء
һ㶣ؿ˵ˡ
˱۾ɵû󣬾ô಻֪
໹治֪ڼôʱͷôЩ¡
ϯ۵û£ﷴֻŸղǾ仰˴£Ѱˡ
ˡ
ЩǻһĺѣҪô⣬һӾԺ־ˣҪô·ģҲ̸·ıְ㹻һʳǡ
Щûнµģһ뾫кܸߵаǴ¹ԱѡηǳϸûǸ¡
ߴδ߹£Ϊͬǰá
ôЩö£ɻΪβԼԭ˺ǰ̡
ûʣЦͬϯһͬƣǹһΪƣ̵ʮᡣ
ҹľƲˣһһغȣȴʼŵġɢʱŲ鸡һȣæǰȥȴһסࡣ
λ
һ˫ߴӵ࣬ģˣվ¥ЪϢɡ
ޡߣӣǰͼవʹ˸԰ơ
ඨһ΢΢βʵƺ飬յǹǰҹ͡
ࡣ
Ȼ˺һתſڿȥЦ־ȻпչϧǾѾɢˡ
˽Цŵ
ԵĹһ˫õз·ӯˮ⣬峺ִЩ˵ζûǱߵ֣ŴӸ㡣
ߵ࣬ľ仰
ſùˣɫ΢ϵЦȴûֺеࡣ
಻źۼرܿǹ֣´һȦչҡҡѿÿϲˡ
ߣ
߻ûüѣĻǹٷɫװ嵶ͳúÿֱͦʱӣǸɵģʱӢ֮עĿ
׶һۣмô㲻Ծ
ǡôʱſе࣬ͬ·Ҫһߣ
ߵ˵ͷ޶ԣͬſȥмû࿴һۡ
ǺȵʵЩˣѾûʲôˡ
һ·˵Цһתǣ˷ֱƵߡ
ͼ죬ߵС··ϺģΨǸŹ⡣
ͷǻƵĵԴĿĵһЩ£ԽԽǷƣһʯ˽ţȻͣǿʯ˳ȥ
ʯײһ·죬ŵҹ΢ĽŲ
ôÿʯͷЦ٩Ϥġ
תżǸһɫװˣһʱЩ㱡
ҲֻЦݿ룺֣¿£
ߣ
ǰĿϣôС˻ſڣ͡
೶˳ǣ˲غһõ竽ͣʱˡ
˵꣬Ҳʲôɫתߡ
ɸֱ߳ۺȻץסˣʶ㣬̫ץֱһʹûӦͱƵһԵǽߡ
˫֣ǿӲȴʮֵ΢ǴСÿͬǸ˵࣬˵
˳ͷǰģûеҹû¹⣬˶ֻܿԷ
õſҡ
ﲻͣҲ֪ȥڣ̬ȷԶ
ܣЩӽεǽߡ
ǼᵽŨؾ˴ϢҲЩҹǺ˲١
ѵЩ꣺ͬһ𳤴ΪҪͬԶ͵ô⣿
ƾӿͲ˳һֱӻˡ
ߵȣƺһ΢΢һɣֳ̽˳
˵ƿ߾Ҫߣﲻ˼㣬˾Զˣ첽׷ϣס֣Ӳ˻
ôһǼģվԭһسãø첲ףĿбӶǰߣＷӴСô˵ˣ
ҿһ󲽣ֱ
һҲҶյŻҡ
ɴ۾һˣ۾Ӧ˺ڰܿһЩ֪Ҳڿ
һеأŭӿתҪɴʹתʱÿǰ˵ôˡ
Ϻ˶ˣôڵҹｩţҲˣʡˡ
౻ץŵֻĳϸָҲЩ顣ǰû˭ǹֻζǹּˡ
ҲּˣǴϢЩңľͷƵţҲˡ
µķ紩ֹķ˿ؿڱƺˣ֪˰벽ϢڣŰѷű˻
ߺ٣ֻǵ͵ʹϢû˵
ƺߵ¶ȣЩˣ֪ԼӦüǸ˵ʲô
Ƭ̣С˵ǡȻظˡ
γƵģĿİŶŶá·ϵġ
ת伸͵ˣҲ֪ĸʲô
תŲţͷĴҴҵʧתǡ
Ƿһ룬æ׷ȥӣȵң
˹ԭط㶵Ĺӣɫһ࣬ӣаˣ
߻ָ̧֣ԼĴ
ﻹе㣬ؿڵڻûͣ
ֽһ߲ź֪Ӧûҡ
ûףڿһۣޡһڣĬĬ˾䣺С
Сݾ͵˴ϣһ㣬۾գһ¡
ˮ˺üҲûӦվڴ߿һһ˻ģ޷޵ǲ۸ˣȥ湫ָ˵
߳໹û
£תͷʵӲң
໹û
ǰȥ˰
˵͵͵ˣڹ˷Ӧ
ȥˣ
ЦС˹ȥеӡ
ؿգƮƵģͬǹ𣿡

Ť£Щɬֽ֣ʲô
ƺҲûش𣬺ȻһĿƵض֪ûС

еСûͬǹɡ
ֱ죬֪ʲô
۲ŹӵɫԥҪҪ˵ȥӵùһ

ʿˮɫ˰벽վĿ죬ǰ벽ѾӾܡ
ҹñ˶û˯ͣų֣ñѣЬ̽ԴͼһƵܹñæʲôأ
ֱҪˣƬ̲ͣգڰٲ⣬ңңӷˣ
ñһݣæЬãҪȥͼ˹Ҫˣ һ첲˹ȥ˯ȥ
һӾζԲǷˣƷ裬ǼñĹŻȥ˯ˡ
ں԰ļɽ߱סˣᣬֻܽ죬ԱסԼࡣ
һģһ£Ҫ
ίضڵϣɿһôѾػҲˡ
üëЩ죺Ϊβˣ
Ǻǲܣ
ûͷ֪ʲôΧô
վСؿ࣬ĵӵͣҲѰ
ϵĵ͸˹ڹӰڰɫǲΪԼģһתһ飬˸⣺ʵ֪ζȥ¥档
˷Ӧ̧ͷٻԥԥ¥
СƵĵͷš
šüΣתߵҵ롣
˲Լ죬ĬĬϼΪҿƴˡ
߼ñ˰ޣƽȴʮְ
ӻүʻطʱϨ˵ЪˣܵʱƼᣬѾ˯ˣȥ棬̾æԼôǰһˣոЩõĳԡ
šڴϣűӣ۾ŨڵҹɫţʱеƣѿĶź죬һҹ˵˵̲̣ôһҹûۡ
ﷱæݸϱİѻɽ¸æýŴס
ЩӸͣиͨӽ˳
ͨǸɻ˲ٺ˼ҵĹ··ٲ׷˳ʧټ
ߴѲ죬ѰЩ˿
ʱѾҹϻ¥ƻͨǰŵļЦͣṫ·ӵȥˣл·ҲԵЦһ
¥Ʈ֬ζǹ˵ĲһȥʺĳŷΣ֣ƵĹ˽ȥ
ֶϣƼϻ¥Ĵţſͦˣûǲɻ֣Ҳţһ˾˽տʲôϲ£
Ŀû뿪Ǵſڣ˻Ӻ˵𣿡
ֶǾûȥ۵˶Ƴˡ
߹˹ЩȻϲ¡
ֶɻҸطȾƣ˳Ҳ˵˵
һԵҲŸͣЦ͡
ߣղɡ
պòпУҪȥࡣ
ֶſСʯа棬бǲ͡
ʲôܼϣ ߴ󷽷»һȸʹ졣
ֶٺ١Ц仰Ǿͷˡ
Ļ䣬Ȼס΢΢ǰӲӣüˣ
Ƽˣλǰ٩ȻɫЦ˴ʱ۵ĳһȺŮӴӵ¥š
ǵòȻĵ䷶ˣλʱԳ֮Լ֪ȡֵطȷʵʮֿ۽磬ⶼǽҹĵλйԱˡ
ûȥȻһͺȵˣ


4 
ֶܣͬʱںϻ¥ܱߵĸѸٶɲǲɻʮںΧ֮δγ֮ǰһλ˼ֶ漴Ѹٴܽ¥
ſڵĹǱȻֵĺ²ŵ÷׷׾ϻ¥Χסʣµģҽȥѡ
Ӧ׷ɢ
ֶƿĹߵĲӣˣۣǾͷĴˡ
ˣЦЦͷĶЩоοͣĴˣ
Ȼ仰ֶҲͷˣٺЦüŪ۵ˡ
ſڱµʵʵ̫ȻҲͷˣ˳ĺϣүôǣ
ӣһ°참
𱾪һæȥϻ¥Ǹɸɾġ
һ·˴ãͷ˿΢΢һңƼɫͣЦ벻ĿĹҲͣǶŵ׷㡣
ֶǰһӣ°참ԭز
˭һҡҡλվδ˵ȥ߿˿ڣ̧֣ɨһˣȻѣ
һ£ѵصɢ
ת¥ߣ̨ףȻʲôƵģ붯ģͬ۴
ֶװģѽǸʲôţ
ģӣЦЩаԴǸͷ
һһջͬ£鲻Ըȥ
¥϶Ƿ䣬¶ģǶ죬ʱѾ˴ķ䣬οӶǹƨɱӴٶȫݽѲģоλˡ
·˴æѸԼϣţǿ֪˭
һ˵ϣһ򿪹ѣޱ飬·˵
ǰۣһתƼʱŭӿ˹㾹񣡡
˺벽ŽЦĶţⲻôɣˡ
ˣ
һۣǱҲˣ˶ҡҡͷ
۲ʶ̩ɽð˴ˣ ֱװģѵ񡣡
˴߳һһ۵عˣˡ
ʮֱֹǸǵϵ˶˹
˻æǱ죬ĴҿۣǺܻûݵԼĿ⣬Цعһ˲š۵һˤˡ
߰˰˼Ѳ飬ԼŽ˼ӣЦû£ʱĨЦô˴ǡ
һʱЩãȻΪʲô
˺ʵľ󴲱ߣｿ۵ۿžҪź޵ӣС죬ȴ֪ΪȻȻζ
üҹͬʱĸоԼô˾ͲһˣԱ۾ҪֱȥźȻˡ
Ϊֵط飬һ°ŵòŻſȥߣ΢΢һ㶣˿
ƿǹؿڣߣˡ
վԭû
Щֵô
û
ǱƿĹﶼ˲Ծվ££ѣսλ˵ȥ
Ҫɫ࣬ƫƫֺÿģޣﶶ˶ɫ˳ȥ
Ҳ˶ûһʱҲҿˣֻɴ۾
űϣˡ
߽ȭͷĵĴʹһʱЩ
﷢࣬ȻΪǸշתԼǸЦ
һһ࣬ڴͣ£ס°ͣ󣬲ܲ˵ȥ
߹ʱͲˣҪ־ö˶ˣһ߽ÿһľս
彣һװŲܳ
ôһ˲Լᰤᡣ
ֱ˲䣬ӿˡ
ڴߣͷߣҧ÷ۣ˳Ŵһ·ļڷ
ҹĸоϯȫ˫˳ǧŮӵ۽ضæ۾
ʱһɧңű죬˵ˣҵˡ
۾Ȼڿһ˫ѱ棬Ҳ֮ǰǸ竵Ӱӡ
ߺİ
߷ſŽתߣߵſڣͣҡ
ܵе룬Ҳûظųȥˡ
⣬㶵ԭأΣָ̧⸧ԼĴ
еҵؽ֯һźˣȵѬͷΣȴԭһ
˲ãǴͣˣҵĽŲǰҴҾ¥ﾲ
ôһֱţǰѾȼף̨𣬹Ӳд
и߹֪Ѿˡ
¥𴦲ͬҹ֣ʵĹӳϣ˵Ц･ֽԶ
Ӵδôù
ϵһ£ˡ
ſȴ΢Ķ˿Žֹţվſû
һƬž·ǳĺ
ãôҲЩܵͣǺ˵
̧ſǸӰʵĹ͸˽ֻܿ˵ɫôֱֱôأ
˶ȴǲδߵǰʳз£嵭ˣЩɡ
໺ӣȼˡ
߿ʳеĶͣסˣãڵ͵ô⣿
ʹͷҲûӦ
ཫ°͵ϥϣЩƣ֪Ҳɾȥ˴£ͬҲһˡ
һٿת
ûĶʹԹ˵ԼеǷС⣺һͬջһ𣬱һģ˴£·ߵģҾͲúһˡ
ߺЩʵΪβܻһ
ཫԼڴߣ˱ò·ȴ͸竻һ𣬽ˡͬο㣿
ҡ߿ڣ˿૵ҺһᱻϣҶǸˡ
һƬͣߵߣ࣬˵ܱôʲô
Ժõӡ
û
һȣ˵ЩЦ⣺˵гϢҲŴӦ׽˴¡
΢΢˶ûС
߷˵ˣҹңʱ˵ġ
ӣʱĻû˵ꡣ
ԣֱۣû
ʹӦŽֲŷϱ߱һƬʪ
ཿСʵٿޣҲЩˡ
زȥϵˮֱۣ߲ϱ¹̵飬ʱֱʪ˴Ƭ
ЦϸϸչȡЦЩꡣ
ࣺ
ŭҪƿȴ˻
߽ǵȥЩ˳ֻһ𣿡
ߵţ˵ʱؿڵһĶ࣬ĪðȣȻǡ
ߵĸ߸𴽵ͷЩȥ˴£Ҿһ֪ġ
ߣ
ٿر۾ս˱
ﾲڴһīںϣڻ谵ڷ·һ
˽ѣֻû˵ˣҲڿˣǱˣСˡ
ָ߽ĺģҲԣպҵĴС¶ضһ֪㡣
Ӧš
˶٣ͷü˭ϡ֪
ǡҲͷ˵Ŀô⧲һ
Ƭ̺΢΢սĴһ¡
Щ¶ؿû㡣
߾üһ£βǼ⣬Щ뿴۾
ԭֻǴֵĸоؿǵʲôҪָⷢ飬Ҳ飬ϢЩ
Īҿߵ˫ۣЩҵزͷߣߵҪ㿪Ӷˡ
ӯЦ⣬ſס֣ȥá
ôãȷʵˣߵЬӣ߹һȦ͵͵
ƽﰮ£ϰˣںȻ˺£ܾø˳Щֲϻ˵ҪΣһ
̨߽ʱ
ʳ̨Ҳ˴ʳĲһһ˳ζ˲ץ˿龫µĸҧһڣߵ¥ģҵ㣬㻹ôԶȥ򷹲ˡ
ȥģæ͸ϽˡҲһһԣұûָҡ
üëưһһԾŶ
Цһǡ
̧Ҫæסļ磬һԾŶĳ硣
ǰҲ֣ǻֻ£ֵüɹֻǺһ䣬ȴع˳
ԼߵʵںŶЩֻ֣߿̫ؿЩš
߰ϺõķˣлץŰ㣬ļ磬յ࣬Ϊ
ֻܸдϢļˣһҶ𴽣
˵ʵڶˣ߻Ц
ߴյøЩ˵ʱĶһ
˶㣬ֱͦǵ¡
ߵЦ֪ʲô
¿Ǽ飬ȵȻʲô¡
߽ļϣЦ
ΪڳЦԼŭƿߺȻɫ࣬պҪֵطˡ
ֶ˶٣תյƵļ϶Ҳ֪Ӧ˻ûӦ
߿ļϣʵĲƽľңǰһ
Щ࣬ţôܺǰһأ
ߣĳǲģĳҲ࣬Ӧҡ
Ķȴĺˣ֮ǰǸǣΪʲôζ
飬΢΢ܿߵĿ⣬ת˸⣺ǻǴúףץʲôֳô󶯾
ߴùƱָ˻Σߵӳ峺ľˮУ΢΢ζ
ഹǲƣߴǸɻЩ򣬰ѹȥЩʱ򣬾Щ
΢΢ü𣿡
Щ򣬱ϾǳСϺүģɲжྫտ
Ҫ֪ʲôҪԩйտֻ磬λԶڱ߹صĴ󽫾Ƿȷʵ˭ҲĶ֡
ߣûš
յڴߣЩҪȥ꿤
꿤볤Զһһص·϶Ҫࡣ
ʲôҪôã־Լʡ
ӦĲɵҧһǿ㣬Сġ
ͷеľһ£§סһԣ̧ס򦣬תԼ
ָ´ĴǣյǰɵصЦû߾ˣ
ʵ̫Ƿˣ
ûȶأߺȻһ¡
ȫһָڻս§ۡܲסеȣʶ㣬˾ǰѹ˴ϡ
ž̽ͷʲôԼըˣǰͬԼһͬĺֵܣԺţ߱۾Ҫ۵ġ
Ҳ۾ˡ
΢ˮеĸ㱻ʶսϸĲɢڴԧ콻ϡ
Թ죬˹Ʒβ׵֫ٺļǰεɸ߿գ̵طŲָоİʵڹˡ
ĿҵŽסߺֳ߽Ķ࣬ȥ
ϻ¥ҹֱ֣⣬ϣʳһԣλӽڴıϾǣ˫ֽץµĽУչһĻȣ᲻ϹʣܲסıϢ֯ߵըһƻ͵ϣûµĽҺ˳Ŵ£ĥŪĴˮ
ߵĺȼţһͻ䣬ܲסˣҧһߵ⡣
ۣͼˮɫ΢΢뿪Ĵ̴ڴڴϢ
˵Ķ䶼͸ˣٵĴϢһϸϸ΢΢죬Լ˱úģһ˫ˮʧԼӳԼӰӣű죬ǶˡеĻϲƲסס
ԻЩ˵ʱЩıˡ
ɫúõôҪˣ
಻˵ˣĿ⣬һԱԧ졣
ھЩɢˣһСض۰׵ļһ£¡
ʲôæѣ׾תƻˡ
߶ֹס̧ͷͼ죬򶨵˵Ӷˡ
Ǻˣһ˫۾ҿǲҿؿǱʲô¶ǣխ˵ʲôˣʱȴ΢Ŀİ˵ҡҸԵġ
͵Ӧ˾ôĬĬͷԷ˭Ҳû
һδôһʱֻײ仹ţżײһ𣬶̧ͷԷ
Եسˣ߽ʳʰȥʱѾ˴ࡣ
ߴ˵ƣҲ˴´ᣣࡣ
౳ջҪظ𣿡
߲ţıӰ٩ӲҲظ
ࣺ
⣺ֲá
࣬˯ɡ
಻˵ˡ
ʱҲʱ˯ˡ
ߺܵͣҲ֪˯ûС
۾ȴûϣǽڲţָԼ·𻹴ζĴʧҹɫ
Ȼδ˴ţ۾գҲգ
𣬺ҹˡ
Ȼ˶˶ΪֻǷƬ̺о߿Щѹúܵͣţ΢΢һ̡
ĿڿԾס˺
ƺֻΪһ£ǵһ£˻ȥ
û죬Ÿ͵͵ԼĶ䣬̡
ʱһҹҲֹЪˣҹû۵װŸѡ
ӴһԱ۾ˣߴٵߣ
룬硣
۾üץֱػջҪء
߰۾ˣ𣿡
˹ȥڴҵѣҲЩȥǱ﷢˼ԺԼôҪʲƤ
չȥ
ǧ𣬡бһۣΪ㣬ûѵֺвҵ㣬ԼôҶ䶼Ҫˡ
Цҹ͵͵ȥ㡣
վߵ಻ң
߷´յǰ۾Ц⣬ЦĳҪȥأ
ЦЦȻ̧ȣϲһ£׵ṫΪ͢˼ˣƢá
š顱رˤϣߵ¶˵ʹ飬۵áţ͵Ц
Լ˱裬ߣƿԣͷû컹š
˿ڲ裬¥³徲СϾ¹ӵϣⲻƢõ𣿡
ŲԶ٣̧ͷƼǸдķӡ
Ц⡣Цʱ۾β΢΢´ѽһ䣬۽޳ò񻰣֮ǵޱͫͨ͸ĺڡҹ˫۾ʱֻҪ˻꣬յԼĶϡ
߽յյߣƵ磬ǴĶ
С°ͣƦƦضЦһЦʩʩȻȻǸմòĴ
ߣ
ҭסá


5 
һ·˸ȻûԺӣսţӣҹˡ
ͷһݣæʣ֪ˣ
Ұڴװ˯˾û
ࣺ
ڣˡ
ѸίίҪˣǷ˷ˣҪһȲɡ
Щˣ˸Ƿˣ߶ˣӸǮ
ĿĴɣʱüЦӲЦʵҹÿ
ࣺ
˰Ӧпɡ
յøˣЦǹӿ׵ˣ
ࣺ
ҹЩƣЩȣ˰ӵϣ͵ȥһҹû˯ҪЪˡ
һҹû˯ˣٿڣͱſơ
ſڣǰ羴ض˵ͷĴָ»˼Ρ
š顱رˤˡ
ԺӣϽ˹ʵֱִ޵Ĺ֦ͷ
ͷѾ͵͵ժ˳ԣʱ򻹺һժ
ڷ˯һˣѾŵؽԺӣժ˾ܡ
һֱŵѾͷܵüˣȹڣͬеѾǷ׷׾ͼˤȥͨһˤýʵʵ
װӣҵڵϣ޵Ĵӣҹһء
ԼôˤúˣʮСѾͷ˱죬ǿҲҳС۽յķţæعڵϼӣҡ
Ϊ׵ŮԶԶվţѵִֽŵģĺùӳԡ
СѾͷģ֪ӵƢԣôһף޵øˡ
ѾϦ죬һյķźȻ˶
˿ȥͼǷűƿˣӴŹǷ˳ԼôǸ𣬷˿Щңɫ£ξµϻЩհס
ǷỨһ˫۴ȴƤϳƽ޲ԵùԲ˹ӷζԺһƣݸôˣôˣ
һྐྵֵ˹ǰ˵һֶ̧ͨĺ׾һơ
Դί
ƨһţߵ̨ͷ˸ʲô˾ͼ񣬲ժ
СѾͷ۾飬㶵ŹӣͼѾճԺӡ
ԺоƬ̣һѾСֺֿƢ
һӣңԼϺҲ˲䣬﷭˸ۡӵǻϧһߵƨҪϸʱ
ԷʱѾˣһԵĳӱߴں԰ͤߣӣңͤʢݱ»
𴽣첽ȥԼڴ͵ЦŮ˸ƣŰﲻӺһѱסĲӡ
һתͷЦֵˣһҲ֪ء
һԵʯϣЦڰǰԶǺͯ
˺ЦһۣԸԱߵŮȥ÷˹
˸ӣҳˣ³ˣر˹ȥ
һƬˮǸҪҧ˾һ˦βûӰ
ñ۰ͰͿˣסĺʱͷתͷףͼڲԶɵȻơ
ñӣҵ㡣
װ޹Ĵƣĸ󹧾վŵĴѾߵӳ½㣬ү㡣
ӳ±Ц
Ĵ첲һ£ЦÿûΣ˼֣񡭡
æվͤ߱װɵҺȻЩȻȥˡ
δ䣬ܳԶˡ
ε̾˿ñ߹º˿裬ǼϮλֲԴһڳ㹻òȥһֻһá
ˡƬ̣ŵüͷɢбһۣˣ˿ûϽġ
ñƤЦźٺȥӵ裬һ˻
ŮԸֱ͵ɣһնûԶˡ
ߵ˻԰תǣתͷȥƼﾾס˶䣬һ̵ŮС͵͵Ц
ϦӢƮɣԺл㴵Ǽ䡣
ӣңһܣݱѩ
ѩݱһˣ;ˣȣձġ
߳㣬Ǵҹ͹ģڼʮֺóԡ
һ룬ͷ
ʱѾˣԺг˳û졣
Ҳƣʵʲôأ
ջĿ⣬ûʲô㻹𣿡
ΪûԹУҽȥ
ࣺãĸ͡
ͷһˣˡ⴫һЦţ˵˾ͳſڡ
嵶һ¹ٷմЩ˿Щң糾͡
´׵깷ģ
ԱߣҲûʢùķͳҳְԿڷҪߡ
ʣµģֻС룬ࣺôô
ߣʱ׮ӡ
ӦŶҲûʣ㳢㡣
żԵúܿ죬գ뷹ͳԹˡ
Ҫ˰֣ԱˣԺӣҳãժЩ·ϳԡ
̤ţ߾ͺȻսһڡ
һ
æס죬ͼռ˴ƵվЦسգۣһ˫أóԡ
һ£ˡ
ﻹŰӣң׷ӣӣң
ѾûӰӡ
ӽݣƶӱˣôôż
ࣺ
ֻû£ȴ͸ˡ
װ򾲵ؽַ°ͣӣιȥ
ӣţۣ
粻߿˳Щ
ȲϹЩæýŲմأòһӽˣ͵Ҫȥ꿤ӡ
ֶڽ˸·ϳԡ
ͷ֣ͷܶĦࡣ
ǣߣһ·ӵߵŽǰƣ˽ȥʲôȥˣ
ֶ̧ͷ˿ͷѿ쵽ʱˣٵԼôҪҰ¶ˡ
ǰ˰ٰʮ˽ŲȻסˡ
ǰͷһķǵ˸մͷ
ҪͼﻹקŸˣקģֻǸιһֽŶķſһֱֻץϡ
ǹӿóòᣬȻΧ˳ɴͽüҲóúס
ķϰ׷˳ƺȰܣ󿴿ҿĸҲﲻ
³˰벽յſֵ࣬ѹٲߣҾ͵㡣
ࣺ
𷽲ԼӮˣȴߣöСһţⱾӵ
ߣãߣ⡣
಻ߣѡ
߿ת֪ܣҲϻˣֱӸĴ˹ȥ
æֶס죬ƣŶĴ˿ûעǣ˿
޹ӣҧ㲻ǵʲôѲɱӽķҲǴˣ
û
챻ţû
ԽԽǰҲûô˹پƲЩֺ֮ˣ
ۿɫԽԽ߲ȥˣһ԰벽סļ磬յ˵֪Ҳ˼
౧ֱۿһԣ
ߺҴȥط㶨ϲĳȤˡ
΢΢һۣɵ棿
߳ߣȻ档
˳ſڣͣ˲
ҿûƼʲôȤĶɹЩĸ꣬ͷߣץסֱۣЦ𼱣ˡ
ֶ˲ųƼǣŵĿ۾ˣʵҳ
߽ӹ֣ü߲ߣ
۲ظ쿥ʵںǸ߸ߵЩ
ط֡
ߴһͲˤˣ۾ԥ֡
һǣǰ¡
ʵ𣿡
ӣæͷ
žһޣ˻ҵļһ˳ȥ
ߣ
Ӧǣ
ٵһ̣㣬ֱָϡ
Ʈɡ
дľ罫տĻշ׷ѩ
ģҲʮȡ
ǰͱЩʪˣѵûԹĿ⾼ŷɿӹľɫ
߰§ٿ֣˵
ã˵ҲɵЦ⡣
ͷ۾˵ԼǲտҾͲˡ
СʱȶȣǴⷴӦʱҪĿϣƾûˡ
ǻԣհ̰꣬ͣӢˬ䣬Ҳ
۹ߣˣƼһָֿģԽԽϲĴ˿Ҳ֪˭ģԾֱǣߡ
ôǲֺʹʹ˺Ȼ߹ذͷ˸ǳ
ˣתȦضڵϣͬ۵Сۡ
ʱһº͵
תͷæ
ǵʱ̫ӣĻϣġ
ʴȣһֱ⺢ӺȤϲȵһȦԸ
ͬ˵˻һգ۵ܾܵͲˣҪȥѰͼˡ
ϵãĶϵãһƬ졣
æ˹ȥ߸˵磬̫һȦͬ
ɣԶ̫ӵͷģЦ˭ˣͷӱʮ顣
̫ӵµıҶ䡣
Χ˼ɴģ׷ͣ˲ĻЦ塣
һ£ޣգ۾ܳԶ
̫ӵȷǺƽ޷׷ϴ磬ȴû١
˼ˣЩȥɿ±Ȼһǰ߸𣬷Ƶⲽ
ק̫СסҲտֱճѪߵͷͣҲľһ˻౻
㣬ȱһ£ţǴųؿ̤ˣҲˣĿǼµ㣬Դұ˼¡
һ˲صȥ
أѪӡ緭ͷð亹żؽۣ࣬ߴ硣
˺üŻл㱻С磬ۡ
ˣ̫ŭ˺Щ̫ҽΡ
̫ŭԵʲǱģΪֽţǵʱȥ˵ľߣûˡ
Լܵˣʵʲ׷һʱ䣬Ҳֻǲ鵽˸С̫࣬ûʲôԾˡ
Ƕ̫ͬһ𳤴ĸʱȵѾλ֮⣬Ȩ棬ʱֲȣҪæʵϾ˼£׷ҲͲ̫֮֮˳λΪȹ̱߹ӧʱˣҲͼûʲô˼ǵˡ
߻ţʱҲֳۿˤССڱߴ׳ڽ£죬ܡӵնףҴææܣҲܡ
̫ˣˣֽˣ徲Ŵӽ߳ߵലߡ
ˣ۵뽫ĥԼþõֻ͸úˣûϵץסӣȵʵſɼӢˣҲ㳬磡
е뷨湻ûûεġ

ʱĳһ£øЩ͵ͽ࡭
ȷʵ̫С紵ɢ࣬Լˣתͷס˴
գգۣ꣬ӡ
ĵķ罫˿ɢ־ֲ˴ˣشͬʱϡ
·滨̤ӢۣĿӳѩףͫ΢΢һˡ
Լ§խֱḲϣ˳۽ţͷ
ؿڼѹǣẦ£סȥȴȻ˿ˡ
׷ȥȴЦƫͷ㿪ᴭ˵㿴·ҡ
ļƲסز¶һѿȻɸ˻
°͸ѣ΢ƣ΢΢ϳе࡭
Ŵǰ·û
ʱ֣ӲӵչڿĹٵġķ紵ʪѣ΢΢ߣ˵Ҵ¡
ߣӦš
˸֮ǰŵĿջһ·ޣþûô˶ӸӭС磬õϡ
һͣ£ЦŵӴ󷽡
ൽǲϰЩߵֱۣʲôܶϡ
˵գתͷߣ̫ˣסһҹٻذɡ
˶٣üߣ˻ˣ
ߺ˶лعѵ÷ӦЩ㷽˵ʲô
๪ȣ˵ղسˣסһҹ
ߣ
ַ߽ڴߣ
ȵĶһ٣̧ͷ
ۣˣȥ꿤
ࣺ
ɴ۾̵أ
߸յǰι˫˵۾΢䣬Цֻ꣺Ȼͬһȥ
ոˣԵöЩ߼˰ƣҲûȡ
Ȳ෹Ŷӻ˷
ҹ˳Ŵ˽ˬʣĳڵϣӵؽл
⴫ˮԼߣ
߸Ӧ
ࣺû塣
Ͼɵš֨ѽһ죬нŲ˽
۾ſԡͰϣȵ˵ҶûԶˡ
߱Ŵˣϴ軹ŴҲȾ˷纮
ת¶ˮİ米ֱۣЩ졣
Լ˱裬Ȼ𣿡
ࣺᡣ
ߣҸ󡣡
ಢԼȣˮ˦ߣ°ѽʪ˼㡣
ûȥ꿤ʮ˫۽ԡͰϣ°͵ϱߣգ۾ֻȥԸ棬һö
ڲү벮ǰɲô˵ģ߷²յøһͬ鰸
ഽ΢΢ѹЩֲ鰸
Ȼζˮﻬ˻۾ҰҲ֪㲻عҾˡ
߽յ£ƵͲ׮ʲôӣ
ﾲҲűӵš
Ȼˮ¶˻ðͷֻ¶˫γ۾
߱ģŪؿһ΢΢۾ˮ˰ɣ˵
һǰؾڵʱ򣬷һֵ꿤ϱ˿ʧٰЩ֡
ڴ߲ʪķ˿߽˹ȥߵЬã߸
˿ʧʲôϡģÿҲᶪϼ
˫ֵúܺã߰ͷ߸Ѩλʮϸġ
˫ŴÿýЩ
˿ʧûʲôϡ棬ߵϡǽʧʮȶһǡ
üǰһ׼ߣϱһ
ЦϻۣΪŴȥ顣
תͷĿ⾧Ž²ãŴ˾㣬պ㶨˳á
ָһ£Цⲻò顣
СͲԿ־˻ȥ
ߵ͵Цˣ§յߵҽҹȥˡ
౻ڶߴöϸ飬û㿪źҹɫ۾΢΢ţȴˣ׷˹ӵӡ
ţ΢һߺȻҧסĺ󾱡
Ұ׽סһҧֻᣬôĥһϸ⡣
಻Ծָڣץµı죬ŭغֹǮջǷӡ
û𣬴˳ź󾱻ǰơ
΢΢˲ǾĲྱ
ҹˣջԶżгһƬŨڵľףߵֱĥѹֵĵʹԵΪԡ
򦣬ȹ̵Ĵһһǹ
ʧ۾ǰҹɫãã૵ߣôңɱ𣿡
ߴ𣺡߸֮¡
΢΢һ࣬ǡƵĴһ˲һܾ
ҹ


6 
ջáȴܲϸࡣ
ҹ̣ԽˮԽأҲԽǳʪȣðһ·ٽҹڵһҿջ
꿤ڣҲˡ
ջ꿤ϵĻҰ֮أǰʮﲻ̣ǹʾ·˴ЪţҪ¶Ұ⡣
űƿŷϯ˴ãȼŵ𱻷紵ƮƮuuŷһ뿴˹
˵ǾźȻˡڵƹ谵ϸ˱ס˻пֵСӣŵļԼ彣
ſڣҴ˽
һĿĹƵըףưƵš˴Լҹ·ã糾ͣˮ˳ŶұԵ䣬ϸȥǿ嵶һйδĿڵдһܡ
С۾˼Ƭ̣ղõĲյɵָתһȦɨ۹̨һžĽУ̵̨ƹʲôкˣ
С罫Ĩһ˦ڵӭ͹ٴסꣿ
߽ժڵһۣɫ䵭˵أ
Сһ㶣ӦʮѸٵ˵Ѿˣֻʣºͷ񷿸ֻ̣ͨѾסˡ
ָָŵӣΪѵ˺ס
ߵ޷
ֻʣ¿ţϵĿⷽ˻ȥ
˽¶ңֶ⼸һĿȻƾɿջѹǲǶˣҿûʲô
Щؽȱ˸Ĳ豭ԶЩСӺã˵ѪζһضżǾͱضв
߿Ц⣬ɿʲôˣ
һ·Щ˸磬Ƴ㴩˹ѥҪˡ
ŨüһԼã
ֶЦӺǵС¶壬ֿ˷İڣվڹ̨ƹһۡ
롰ţôûƼ
ɨһۣһֱſǹ۲΢ֶ˿ڲ裬ƹҡͷƼ˴˵Ĺѥ̲һˡ
Щϸ΢ֻ䷢Ѱ˺Ѳ
ս嵶صɴۣѹ⵱ǼҺڵꣿ
ҡͷ֪Ѫζ˵׼ǵɱţˣʹǺڵ꣬ӭͲԹɫҲʲôϡ¡
ֶߡ
ߵ԰꣬ҹȥ֪̽̽
ǡôʱСžƲ˹ֹ˻
ĽҰĲɫȻȳȴ㣬ճĴڵģţɫˡ
СЦк͹٣á
ȴûθڳԣǽʳѴģýƼϾ͹벻ɲûθڡ
ùߵİ˷糿·ĸ㡣
ֶ˸ҧ˿ڣƷƬ̣סüӿˣӡ
Ҳҧһڣ޵һûԹôİӡ
ˮңźһڣɵʲôȻ˳ȥ¥Ժõġ
ֶЦٷɼˣǾȥ֡
󷽣ΪȻ飬ҲЩһȺദǢԭ
ҲûԣֶԵ㣬ȴ˿ûθڡѪζأŲ˵ȴʮִ̱ǡ
˹ҧŸ㣬˵òŵȻسȵ꿤
Ļδ䣬תͷ󣬲ֹȫݵ˷׷׿ͷķ
ջõǿ߰ӣˣװ߿Ҳнʿмͨա
ŭ壬ҷ겻ĴҰΨһڱδ
һ춯ص׶ǵòü
ӻһȣֻܿǽţûзˣֻ˸С롣
һͷҰ׵ϸˣбŸ٣ͷ
˶Ҿִٵس˵ͷźҡΣסš
Сһӽϣ͵ò˳Էˣ
˵ʮ꣬紩ʮָͬĸˣ̴硣ʱŨüؿǺ޵ӤϸˣҪҲܺͬһ³ԷǸϳȥꣿ
üĸݵС磬ڵع裬ЦԲס͹ˣС겻ǮˣͷôССϵϣûڱδûģ͸и㡣
˲ûΪ⻰ӴˣϵĲյݺ˵ϣ㵱үں㷹Ǯ
ǲյڵϣѵһͬը죬˶ʱһ
ƬӵɽһƬСĲʱһѪۡ
һ绮ǰȻäһ˲ǹ״ĵСһ˿𺣬׵۾ӣһ
ֻһ˲ϸʱͼǵС벻Ĩһشһ˸յϣЦ͹Ϣŭ
Ļû£ջϵĲյҲ˵ء
ʵڿȥȻվŭҵҪʲôôһСү
ӿ˹ߵ£
׶űŵûֿԼôǱŵúˣϷŻҪס
ӿ˹ȥԵǸϳȥꡣ
СΪѵؿ̨ƹ񣬹̨𰵵ƹʼںûͷỤ̄ˡ
ô󶯾Ҳû̧ͷڰӰɫ
Ǳϸ˳ϻ̳Ͽֵع˵ϣ׶ֻǶˣһ˯žͲˣкá
ӿȷʵˣּϸ˶һ
˵һ΢ЩȱĵҲˣƨɶûӵ˶¹𽵹˿ڣֻѺӳȥɡ
ǸƢģŭӣ˵Ȼ

һӺȻס졣
мĲϣˢˢѵϸ˿Ʈ䡣
ͬе˷׷ȴҶӽԭأ˳űлϿ
ִֻǸʮ߰Ŀε꣬īɫװ磬ýֺȣĿĮڵӶҵҪճȥ˭
޵ӣ
Ǵŵмһ
˵·ƽε໹ͷһμš
Ĳ˳Ŀ⿴˹ȥӣһˮ
Ľӳɷ׵ŵŰȫȻˣһҶƵ˵л˵
۾øЩϸһ˿ѪۣӼŵ÷ʱڵȥ
ããҹӽֱŲӵ
ͷôֹη׵ģȥ˭ܵ˰СæԲλ͹ٶȥ׼ųԵġ
䵭ɨС磬ֽĿ⿴ˣƬ̺˽Ȯҵۡ
ſϣȻˡ
Сܽ˺ָֻ֣ĵŮӽϸ˷
ഩãߵϸ࣬ͼһڸѾ˵ĺι
ǼªûзʳֻһС룬ͷװ˰ˮϸſպˮ׶ι
ǽѴģûʲô˼伲࣬ᣬõĸϡ
ϸ̧ͷƺãϸС۾Żֵ̿صллӣлӡ
޷
ͯϴ˴𴽵ÿĺӰ
ǺĻһ㣬۾ϻ飬ȴЦһ¡
ϲֱЦתͷеߣ㿴Цء
Ŀ⾧γʢЦ⣬񣬴Ϳ֬ȻһЦ֪˶˵Ŀ⡣
̧䴽
ջͨںԺͷûʲôĳ裬ֻһ齴ǽͷһ̵ֱǽͷͷϯӲɲЩùˡ
ͷ˼յ͵ƣ̫˽ȥʱѾˡ
Ǽˣڶ߿λվ˵Ż˽Ҳûͣ£ظܵǰľĿ⡣
µúܴ˳ŴƮ˽պûĳŵĺζ
ֶչѹĵϣˣҴֵܳȥ
ҡҡͷٵȵȣҹ˾ȥ
һ˻ЩģһתͷƼǱ߼Χһӡ
Щ£վ˹ȥ
˼ͣ໥Ƭ̣һӿͿʵСֵܿ£
۾Цϸָָָӣλɷһʵ
ƺ㶣δ˵ʲôԱһֿЦʲôеģˣ
˷Ŵֵ꣬˶Ц
°ͣߵеǮ
˸λˣôķ
߿ȥʱѾͬȺֵһȥˣֵʮֿ
ֶЦӻ̰档
ûȥ˫۵Ժ󣬱۾
ƺûͣµ˼һڳ£ǱȻ졣
߱ŵ˫ۺ󣬲űƿˡ
ֶ˽
ͼֶҡҡͷ
ֶⶼѱˣûʲô쳣
ü˼Ƭ̣ԼôҶˡ
ʱѾҹˣ߿ǱߣȻȵҡӡ
ֶӻɣջҪ·
ˣ۾ء
ֶʼ磬ٿڣʰ˯ˡ
˲ǮҲˣ֪ʲôʱѾȼˣǷذ˰֣ˣҪȥ˯ˡ
Լôʮ꣬ǽˣ˵ȴʮ֪񣬼ˣҹˣСֵܿȥ˯ɡ
˵׳Ǹֵӣһҹֻ䣬࣬Ҫߣæֱ߰ô죿
˸ߣѶҪˡ
˷׷Ц
ɬ۾û£Ȼʲôӻ˻ΣۿҪֱ۱˷סˡ
̧ͷǸꡣ
һֱһԿţûͬһ棬Ҳû˵ʲô
վȣ΢ЩЦŵллС硣
֣ɫس˵ͷ˻ȥ
λãȥϸϸ˻˫ߣһĨȻһ˵ϡ
۾һ˫û˿˯⣬Ŵû˵
ЦſǰСߣˡ
߽ƿ˸˯ʲô
ԣԹԱ۾
ߵ˻ûȵ˵̲סתѾ˯ˡ
峿Խ˻һҹͣˣ˳Ŵ˽ݵ˶ü磬Ҷֻۡ
һһǷظţһ·ε˴á
Ǳ߼˼ήҲģЦŴȤֵҹ˯òã
Ƕйһҹ˯Ҳûʲôǰ˫ֳԺҾŸˡ
ģʵǿɰǵüֶȺ˶Ц
ƥҲԱˣ峿컹ûø·
峿ķЮʪˮľ˱ǣȥĿⰻȻ
طɫ䵭ؿ֣
һХ
֣һˣӣʮ㣬ͬм˷׷Цŵǣ
ͰͳǵıӰ֣Ǹǣ
գۼ䣬Щʿͽɲľ·ͷ
࿿ǰһЩ
ԭ˼ߴű۾˯ˣ֪ˡ
ҹĿҲ½½ӿջջӭķ͵ĵطͣ󣬸
㽦ϵĻ꣬˴˴Ϲٵܿͻᵽ꿤ˡ


7 
տһ·˯ðȣʱѾʱ֡
ǵ꿤ĵһسǡء
ȥһʧͯˣŮͯˡ
ȻѾ׼ͣ̽
ǸӣͦŵĴӺ͵ܿСسʵ
ŹǷվţһ·ܳͷ󺹡˾һֵġ顱
֪λؿʲô£ۿɼĽţŲֹ飬Ҳ顣
һ·ûιߵƥ챦ʮǣۣ˳ò˲ЦתͷʱѾˡ
лס룬ȥջ齡
˯һ·Ҳôˣ˷˻ģ㿪˴⿴
ȻֻǸСسǣȴó˵ذʮָ㣬Ͻƣһ·߹Ĵ󲿷ֵطҪЩ
˵꿤һ·ܵģǰ֪òôϷǿЩϵЦҲαѲһ̰ȻǸù٣
СĴָ۳羴صĸĸٰ
ǰǰԴǰ꣬ǿ÷Բ𣬡һͷ׵ŲΡΡ˵˺ΣǲŻ
ǿǸ
ǰǰ
֮ԱǣֵϰӣһǸ̰١
С۵һ°ѲϣŭҶ˲ҳȥС겻ӭǣ
ŻֵĴ˲ʱһʳͷ׷׿˹Ŀ쬵ģʮֲơ
༸ˣ
ֶӦ죬ĹŵĲһѹȥЦҵǸɵӣƽʱǰ˵λҪһʶ
ش˻룬ŽĿ˻ȥ
ֱҪ˵ʲôȴЦ˲ò࣬Ƚҹ֪̽̽ĵϸˣǲǣߣ
û𻰡
Ŀ⿴һԳĬԵߣȣôһ·ͬ˵
ǱǷһ
˿ڲ裬û˵
ⲻ̲˭Ʒ㲻
üеĿ£վһֱŵЦҲʧˣû˵Ͳ˵Сүͬ˵أ粻˭ϡ㣿
Խ˵Խ󣬼ֶ˶ûҿһͨ𣬷ת¥ֶſԼ˾ֻһյ˿̸ޱ飬ԭأţҲԷˡ
ԷЩҲûԣͣ˿ӡ
ֶʵڿȥˣ̾˿ˣҪȥӰɡ
ûҲٿˣֻ۾͵͵۲ɫ
һյĹվ첽¥ݡ
ӰӲˣ˲˿ĳ
ߵſڣ̧֣Ƭַ̺ȥ
ôͷվţס·ЩֵؿߵԼķתͷǰվţһ
ûԼô˯ˣߵʹ۽£ջŲŲӣ뿪ţԼķ䡣
ɸƿסˡ
ϣȳԹӣɵطԼԵλá
ߣ
ȥֽϣߵǰֱ΢΢սͷһࡣ
ߵķ䣬ȴһ󷽵к
ԭվ˻ԡ
ţµů˽ڴߣһʱֻйӵ졣
ߴ½ϵĹӰš
Ƭ̺΢΢һȣֱָϡ
ߵļ£ЩЦҲ׹ΪͬұŤ
û˵ŽµĹӰûҲû
ษյǰЩسգգִۣˡ
ֱӣȻûʲô顣
û𻰾˵ˡ
۾䣬˵ˡ
߶㿪ߣͷһԣᡰߡ
ڴߣߵȣ̽յǰƤЦˣ硣
ߣ
߶Щˣɲ˵һԶ˶㡣
ϣļϣŤʮֱŤ
ֱֽߵԼóĥԼˣɸ硣
Ķˣ˵һ仰ͲˣֱôҲܲˡ
۵׵Ц⻹ûοͼ۾΢΢ǰ
һ§ס˳ӵſ죬౿׾ؽͷ˽
ݼĹζͷģһһͳļ˿

߰סĺ󾱣Ĵ
ﾲףӵǳǳǣȫȻ֪켱ȹϵϡ
ʦүվһ߿Ȱˣ㶼תһˣЪЪɡ
ڷⲽô죬òŮں׷Ÿȡ
ǲ֪ˣزԴܱס𣿡
ʦүǹģǳġ
Ըˣ˫ȶʼΡΡ£ֵǸҪԴ
ʦүүˡ
סԼԴǽǲ鵽ЩԩٴҶҪԴҵģ
Űˣһץסʦүӣŵؿȥȡƽҹǣû׼ܱסһ
ʦү
ʦү̾˿ү꣬հҵİӲǳũһȺѼӣյʲôԩٴ
˲ˮⳤĴ˲꿤ͷЩˣÿЩƽ鱦ǣλ˲ϲЩһлߵǺã
˰죬ôźҿ˿սЩѹ̽ʵˣ
ʦүҭҭֱ˵ˣأ͵Ը㷹λʲôʲôˡ
ѵõ٣˵ʲôѹ֬ˣһǮҲûҪ
ϲ¥Ƹ˵˲裬ǰϼּҶѼӣȺѼǸŮױģǶǹûˣؿźҪϵˣôţ
û൹Ѿλ˼ֺ棬ͰѰˣ
ưҡͷʮֽûưѼǮˣüͷǮ֪ŮޣһױǹŮƾǵżҺߣҲú𡣡
ࣺ
ûǰóԲϷǹ⣬ʱΪǰЩ̫үһǴ̰٣ɥİƤĶա
̫үΣ̧سǳǽڣһȺϰչӭӣͼʮݻĽһ󸹱ү˽ӣƾɵĳźһȺƼݵİգһ仰ǣʺƵطүδȥ
תҪؽӣͣ£ûߡ
ĵ̫үͿַȥ׳ǰͷһس˱ݳǽֵѧã̫үûʰҪһǮԼ
׳ǰ·ʰţҹջûвмλүġ
ࣺôǮ
űƿϻ̳Ͽֵ˽Ҿһ仰ǣ¹ټн󡣡
ЦתͷߣȤ
֣ΨΨŵŵ¹ûʲôͣǮ
̲סһֱЦ۵Ҳ¶ЩЦ⣬˲ؿףɡ
˲ͷ麹óʮֽţϵⶼţֻ˸߶˴˴ǰʲôԸ
ߣȷʵЩʺˡ
æ˵˵
߶豭ڴߣ̧Ŀؿλ̫ү֪ؿ˿ڶʧ
˱ųһ亹ֱѹѹЩֻܽͰ͵ش⡭⡭Ҳ֪
߽յŻϣȴúһ¡
ηηģ͵ͳԱֵæſںŵʦү
ʦүӲͷƤ߽̫үشˣǰ嶪һŮͯǰ嶪˸ͯȥҶʮĶӶˣǸɵӣԼôԸܶˡ
չӣ̫үƵǲ֪𣿡
̫үŵһӻ±ߣȥ
ʦүҲŹȥĴˣ촽˼£ûҿ
ǲ˵
ûôŻ̫үæ˵˵
ͳһԵʦүüŪۣＷʾ˵
ʦү˵ġ
Ѿˣסصͷߴ
ʦүڵϣشˣ˿ˣʱЩ˼Ҷ١
ü֮أ
ʦүһ˸һǧƱ˼Ҿû
ࣺ
ֱЦЦƵһү
תתյƮƮϵʮа˾ŶǮ⡣
Ϳ˫Ѿˣ̱˵ϡ
ҹˣȣ˲ŶУߴ飬ɰͰ͵תͷֱȴ
ഽţͷƬֱ̺ǣסˡ
սмֱֻȥ鿴սЩǣ֣ͷŽµ·Щнͬȥҿ
ࡰšȻ˶˵ˣ˰ʮףһֱȴȻЦ
תͷȴ㿪ߡ
һԵĽֵ۵ʢЦ·˼ſڵĵҫ£ʢǡ
ͬһ𳤴󣬻û˵
ϲ
ߵ
ĵķ紩ֹӵķ˿½ǣ겻ͬڳʪ˿εСӸ߸Ųӣᡰߡüȴš
ֶ컹ûˣҾسýż
һ˯úãŹǷƿ˴죬糱ģҪꡣ
˸ҪȥߣĿȴö˶١
Ŵ۾΢΢ɴŽǣļ˺֣֣֣
Ǽ˶Ŀ̧ͷҲЦȭӡ
û뵽ټ棬ҲԵ֣кˣλҪȥδǲһԸ㷹
˵ͷ˵˼䣬Цˣ͹ˡ
˰ȥߵš
ߺܿ쿪ţվſڣУÿ湻硣
Сһţߴٵ߰
Цһʱ̣ȳ˷ߡ
ָָ¥£ǰڿջϵǼǡϣһԶٱ㷹
ߣ
Цݵ˰벽ֹ̧ţ̲Լȥǡ
൲סţݣƶߣǰҲûôᰡ
߱ߣյͷҶƬǰҲᣬ㲻֪ˣ
һ˲漴𴽣§סĲ
һ£ͷͼཫ°͸ļϣЦ
˾̫ôƬ̣䶼ˡ
Ʈ򻨵㣬Ⱦ˹ӵ۽Ƿԣߺ£Щʣʲô
೤۽γӳӰӣС˵ʲôǾȤ
ߣ
ƿ˵Һϲ
ؿһ£ľ춯صָ΢΢ȥ࣬ȴſ
㲻Ըȥԣҽ˰ѷ͵鲻ţתߣҳԿЩԹȥ鰸
ƿţȴŲתͷͼ˹
֪ʣʲô
߹סĲӣųţȥ
û磬Է˲࣬ǼڴãЦк֡
߽մ£ڳǸ湫ӵĴ磬ʷǷִȣ˫ҾЦߣλˡ
˻һЦǰǿջΪǺСֵһǸԵģտˣԭ
ı뺷ǰҹӺǮǸ
Ǹ˵˻˵ͬ˴򽻵⼸ˬܿʶ
ҪȥɽׯΪɽׯף٣ɽ½ֵֵֶúףһҹЩˣҪ·û뵽λ
ߣɽׯ꿤ϡ
ɽЦǡ
ֶӵˣͼɫſϣüͷţʮʹ࣬ҿԽԽʹࡣ
˱Ȳ裬½֣û°ɣ
˰˰֣ϸȻɫһ䣬һ̵ܡ
ûأûӰӡ
һһҹˣ˲١
˵꣬㶣ֱ̧ۿԼŷӦںԼ˵
۾Цҽ࣬ʲô
꿴´˵ƽģҽɡ
ҽߡ
ͬɽ˵ŻߺȻסĲԼ˴Цò
꿴ߣƿûӻ
࿴ɽ½ǳԻʲôǰҹﻹ緢Ӯʮء
ɽҹûʲôڶվͲˣǿջĶʲôҲûԡ
ԭЦǶû£θ˵ǳ˲ɾĶЩӾͺˡ
߾ٱ˾
Ƽˮ꣬·ȥһͬȶҾƣԶٺòˣ˵һȤ£ҲǲɶõԵ֡
Ʋѹúܵͣ΢ˮ֣ĿĵƮţڿջſڷֱ
ɽЦ֣֣һˡ
౧ȭǡ
򻨸⣬򻨸⡭
ҪתؿջȻһӰײײ˹
һ˰벽ۼֿȵסǷˣ໤
߶ֵЩɽû߳תȻס
˴Ȼʶ
ȣü˼ңôˣ
Ǹ̫̫Ұ׵ͷҵɢϣڣŸɺԵཬϻѪۣ֪ˡ
û赲һץסֱۣƤҲ֪ץ࣬ǵ۾˻ƵŲ˵һ飺򻨸⣡
򻨸⡭ˣǰҹǸջ˼׵СӼ򻨸⡣
ЩͷԣҪ㻹򻨸⣿ȥ
̫̫촽ƴҡͷ߶һۣͷ𼱣ʲôˣ
ֵ̫̫ͷǾ䡰򻨸⡱˵˾ĻһֵĻӿɻǵãϸиСӣ
ŹȥðȻǵá
仰䣬̫̫˲ʱץ࣬ӣСûˡ
ޣЩ˶ǵиСˡ
ɽ˹üʲôвǵˣ
ͬһ̫̫ʵɱˣ
̫̫ͷҡͷһʱ޵˵
ɽɫ͵ٸɡ


8 
ѵǰ˯ѣͷиʲô紵ݶ羪֮һ¡
յ磬ܼҴţųڣʦү˽
ǿô󡱵˵ϡ
æվʵʲôˣλˣ
ʦү˿ûڣĽ˵
ʦүͷǣǡ
תȦٿͣʵ˵ʲô£
ʦүҡͷŲǺ¡
üػ˹ٷһ澵οҲȥһܵ˻ͼͷվ˲ˡ
ϵ壬һ߽˻ģˣʲôԸ
վָһŵϸˣϵôˣ
⡭ƣߵǰϸԥشˣ¹û
ȣ
˵߷׷׼ʦүϣʦүõƫͷֿ˼װԼɤӲá
ӵ˰ʾʵ벻ͷƴʦүɫ
ʦү̾˿ӲͷƤ߹ںߵҹ˻ˣſùģӳȥˡ

л㱼ô¶ǵǸҪӰ
඼йģĿ˵ĻȻҲǡ
ɽЦһһ١
߽ǵѪĽɫɷѹȸУúһ¡
ϸ˱Ȳ裬˼ʲô¾˵ɡ
ϸͨһ˵ϣͷѺϵⶼʧز˲һӲǵ͵͵ۣͰ͵㡭˵ɡ
񸾷ϣǰСӴϪȥͶݣǰ´꣬ͽһҿջꡭ
ϼ˻Ӷϱ磬ֻʣºСӺ񵽲ӵϸʵûСӣȥݼͶ·Ͻе̲ˣûǮס꣬˴ֻ꣬кһҹ
ǵҲǸƵģӦڴôһޣҸ鷳ڽӶֱޣҲֻÿպˮι
֮Ǿ֪ˣʵڶܣɤӿޣҲͷۻӶǣҲк򻨸⣬Ǵμסģ
ҹסͶ˷ڴýţ̨СˣܺģʲôҲƲҧһС򻨸⣬ֽ˻ҡСӺ˯
ҹµôֵӺ£ò׽Ӻ˯ţҲʵۼˣԺ˯˹ȥ
ʱ̫Ѿϸߣͷ͵ؿУȴֻĺӲˡ
ŻˣĴҲûҵСʣȴ˵ûƼʲôӡ
ϲ˵˵ϺͿˣҹֻһͶޣûдӡ
͵͵ߵɫв׼ͷʣ㵽״û
񸾴ˣˡϻæΪ⼸λӶɼ񸾵Сӡ
üСҹλ
ϵǣ񸾾Ǵ
ࣺյﵱʱвˣû˸֤𣿡
ϣ֪ΪΣҹ˯ʮֳȵʱѾͣջ˲٣ɶףҹЩ˶ѾˣֻС
Ĩ˰ᣬֻҹҪ˳ȥǼڣҲ˵û˵Ҹûӡ
һӶˣ˶˵ûӣԼЩԼǲŪˣɰﺢӵСѣе򻨸⣬һ·ļ١
ջƹİҺӣȴС˳
ҹƵСһӶ޵ԭǸӣҹ㣬㲻֪жá
дԭŭӣ˫۾ҹǼ˹ɣǵҾ˵Ϲ
⡭⡭ļҿջ
ࣺʮĽˮջ
˿ϹΪѵǼҿջ¹֪ɡǲؾڣⲻ¹ٹܡ
ĿߵĻԽ˵ԽԽ
ǿջأ£ܣǱߵҲô룬˾ͺͿȥˣЦЦֲǺڵĿŵȫүӰ
п˵̳ƵĴԴ
΢΢ۣĲ춼ϣһɴ
æ¹ٲң
Ĳ쵹ǱҪЩЩȭŵġ
Խˣſڣطʮ֣۷ת䣬Ѱϡ
ɽһҵҪʲô˾޷죡
һ˴У֣ڰվĿУʱͳسǣ·ء
;ʮľʢ̣ˮջش磬ǰŴŵ꣬ȷʵǸڵĺõط
ҹסʱϸڣͷҹ˵ѪζŨҾЩģɼֶûʲôұû룬ڿǵЩ˵ĹһʮΡ
ӦǴм㣬ˡ
Ʋ죬Ƭ̺˼ͷҲṦͺˡ
СˣͷɥСӣһȥҽ㡣
һҡͷ㻹ɱҡ
˶٣·Էɳ۶⣬Ҳˡ
Ṵ𴽣Ӧá
ˮջ
ſţй·˽ʮƽӭģ
һλ¹ҡ˽ȥСæڵӭ͹٣Ǵס갡
ιӽһϣ´СһܣüСɻǵң
Сһ㶣ϸϸǹӣЦǹǵüǵãСıĲУǼԺãһؾͲˡ
ŶǹӽһϣЦЦȴ۵ףǵҿɼǵҹסһ
Сɫ˱䣬ȴȵģ⡭ÿտô࣬СĲǵˡ
ǹӵɵƣŻ˵ԼԺء
Сźۼ̨һۣƤЦⲻЦ˵Цˡ
˵Ц⽫ָתתϸϸſջﶪЩⷵң֪Сɷи㣿
СеĨһ˿֪Ӷʲô
Цֱֱ˸ӡ
ĿĹһյһҰס
ֻˣճ˷ҴҸˡ
Щ·ɣҪҹҪ¶Ұˡ
ǰǰ
̸ģԶȥֻʣ´ŵˣڹ̨Ӱ̵ƹ
žžȴڴʱԵøŵĴз紵˽̨һҳֽţƹֽѹ£ͷû̧µĶ˿ûͣ١
Сֱ΢յıͷĨϲţ̧һ˫ۣ壬ֱߣƮƮҿɲǵʲôӣҪȥң
ų̂һƬ
ߵĿɨӰﶪģȻҪҡ
ЩϢӰ˳ŹǵȣǳﳣõߣǴųಲϼʮǿ׳ûвҲ˵һϢߺΧ
Ȼ£ͿûǸˡǵСһЦٿȻǰȹ
ʽֱȡţȴûӦս㣬ܿĹƣսˣһ·ſڡ
С˻ҵʲô֣ԭǸ廨ͷ
ٴιߣȵϡ
㣬ƮƮԺС
ױƲУȻһը죬ţҰżţϸڵּ䣬һƬ
ԽԽּܼ¹ӳſӿʮˣɱ硣
һγγ׹䣬۽䣬չȣЦССջôˡ
ģȻǸڵ꣡һӷֱ£Ⱥ˷׷̧ͷһװȣţǱ뺷Ӱ£ʱǾ£ʮ˳ɢ
գۼ䣬ּ䡢ϵδӿʮˣС²ãɫȥֱϣеߡ
߲סӹ嵶һ𣬵ֱֱɳǵСġ
ɽ˹ʮ˲࣬յ˵ǵСɫ԰ףѪۣ
ȴûڵӿ̨ߡ
ϰƺŷԣҲں߶߶شˣˣչյ֣ս˹ȥ
һ˲ĿһѸ̧
һ˵ĽײǺȻɹĶֱֱֱ֮ӽӴ˸
һö÷
ĿϵĵСǰ
ǵСˣһʱֻڵ㡣
߸̧޳֣ץסһֱֵۣĿУ΢΢һ
ꡱһİ쳹á
ʱСѾڵϣֽ̱ş̌ͷüͷȴ
ƹľȻˡ
ӦðˣԼûв
߿첽̨ûзκζߡ
ˣ
תߣ߳Ųٿһ٣Ź̨һŵľƿ۾
ɱѪȾڵϵ꣬˳ˮ¡
࿴߽˵ͲΣЩǣ뻻طܲܿΣĿɨʲô΢΢һ
߽֣Ĵ˿Ӷѵڴȡһɫ鲼
鲼Щ죬ϸϸ˿ϻͷƷҲϳˣǱڻƵģ档
šü룬ָڻս̧ͷֽ棬ï棬ߡ
һƬҶ£ǰƮ䣬̧
ҰܣԽҶԽïʢͷѾ·
˴ͬǽסӹЮÿλһģʧȥ
֪˶ãҶϹˮѽʪ˴룬ͣ˲ֻҶཻ֪ʱѾˡ
ÿһҶͷ˿Ȼ֦ҶѵĺۼҪߣĿ΢΢һȥһҶһӡ
ƷԽ֯죬ҵ巻һΪƷͽʹǧһ顣ʱƼһùͬǸƢõĸͬеģΪ죬࿴ۣԲŪ
;֦ʱ۶ϣһصҶûȫή·ߵ·ֺۼ˴æӴʱµġ
ϵźۼǰԼô˰ʮ֦ǰȻʡ
һּС·ֻ˲ŶС
֣Ȼ࣬վ·ؿ˿ǰȥ
ûãһԺͳǰͬʱᵽѪѪΪԵʣųһͬɢԵŨء
Ժˣûֱӽȥ۲꣬ط֣طȻǿջĺŲԶʮֻǽɽϣλƫߣּ䣬Ѱ˿
Ժϸϸ˻û˽ȥ
̴ðỤ̋˵׼ͷˣСſڴ￴ſͷĳ衣
ⷿݺܿӶڷһž޴ӣͷǵĺۼһֻĴͷķͷ̱ϣѪˮδδ˳£ϷһŽõĵߣһڴͷ֪ЩʲôˮѾտˣཹðݡ
²յĿͷתһȦӲͷƤ˽ȥ
ͷѪζǣһĲӬ³ûôĵطҪת뿪
ȻӱһͿһĨɫ
һԵĲ϶һƲͷѪͷһɫĲϣ񵽵鲼һģһ
Щ˴׶༪ˡ
ǿŶŲӣ߲鿴
ǺӶʧӦòǰߵĿջǻûüߣԼôˡ
ּķˣų˽ôɢǿڷŵĴͷ
ӹ·ɨһۣһᣬ۾Ȼɴ󣬾òг
θӿȥǽ£Уǽ壬֫ɣˢˢѣûͷ
ֵˣȴ䲻һ£ͷȥǾȻһȣʮʣϿڴðѪɷʱһëֽű䷢
ɫ԰ףǿԼ侲Ӷ֫ƿߣߡ
岽ǰһ첽ǽǡ
ǽǶѷżӣģһֻСִͷ˳һ
ǳʲô°ɣ
ü첽˹ȥӣȻռĺӡ
С۾һɫ԰ףؿ΢΢š
˿ֽСﱧ˳
ҵСֺģз
ݰͰ͵ģûʲô⣬һֻСӡ
վſȥȴȻ˶ĸ߸߰
ǴӶѷŲĵطģҪȥıؾ·һĿɿҲطء
һ֨ѽ鼱֮£Ҳֻܶȥ
µĿ϶˹ȥֻѱпľӵˡ
Ҳǳಲͬڿջǰ򶷵Щһ硣
һ˵ôûˣ
һ˵ȥǰͷͻˡ
ȥˣ
ƹлǣҪͻˡ
ƺû࣬ı˲
ǰ˵׵򹻷ʵģǻӻһˡ
һ˺ЦĻҰˡ
࿴׳Լķĸ߸Ϣ˵ĽŲ
ڣͣ˲⣬ϱǷƤͱü
ﴫĥꡱ·ͷ
Щ˵ɱ·ļҳԽƽԽõ
ڵķԽԽץˣǰŷĵƵеĶǶ֣Լ˵ǰɣ
Ȼ۾һһ˲Ҳȥǽ
˿Ʈڵأǵ֮нǽ·жɵذ˳һӣֱಱȥ
໳ﱧźӣж㣬ǱڵϹһȦһһֱֻȡš
಻䣬Сţж㣬ѾˣǰйӺеӶǡӡҲ̫ѿˣ߿ˣ˵ͲϲԼˡ
ôһףȻĶ㿪˵ļлͷһ׵ıĦ˲࣬׶ڻ˫ϥ
ܸоĺ뵶ʱɭɭ⣬Ѿ޿ɱˡ

һ𣬵û£Щ˵࣡
ΪԼѾ˹Źأˡ
ɶ߽ŴʹĲҽ
µ̧ͷͼһ׳ҡ£˵ϡ
һִǵͺһ߹˹ȥеĵȡȣ΢һšȹͻɭɭУһ
δֹ󵹿ۣǶǵݺһǰֹȰϮ˵Ĳţһͷѵˡͨһ˵ϡ
һʽ켫໹ǵһμ֣Щˡ
ﾲˣֻд⾲׵֪ضһ¡
߿첽߹Ҫվøˡ
ߡŶԵˣۿ죬촽΢СߣԲס
ָ̧ᷢĲ͵ؽ§˻
ӲɣֽŽůʱŷԼһֱϸϸżٵ˫ۣɬɤؽǾ仰˵ȥԲסҲ֪Լû»ܣˡ
Ͱһãܸңʵڲá
ķһһ°ظûңܺãܴϻۣˡ
̫ˣ͸ǻĶ䣬һƬȴǱˮˣһ·̵ۿ
ãཫǰ˲䣬سϰɡ
ߡšƬ̺ף಻¡
˳ӣᡰš


9 
ӱιҩ֮⵹ûʲô
ר˵ԱиȦͷֻʵ˵Ĵ˹ȥҲ£̹¶ŶƤţ˼ûС
ǳԱ˵ı֡
̽ͷȦǼűеĿȫǵͷ­θһӿԥߣﻹһأǸ˳ԵĻǸԵģ
ߣ
ߣȲҪˡ
Ȼ䣬ʹҵŻ
ɽ˽ûҼߣڹ̨˰һ·˹һۿһ
࿴һһ˳ܵԺ£ڽе֣֡
תͷ࣬˳ҲƼȦǼͷȿڣһŻ£Ǹһҹӵģ£಻ԡ
ջѱΧˣ˻ŵĶѺá
ɽ˵ʲôҲٿЩˣſھ˸
࿴һɫЩͬ飬Ҫһɡ
ɽҡͷ·ϵʱѾ̫ˡ
ȭ⣺λɽģˮ
ڣ
ԶһȺŵȳĽ˱Ӱ䡣
໳ĺᶯ˶ΪԼŪˣͷͼۣţСèһϸϸ
ɴ۾ϲߣ㿴ˡ
û뵽ôοյһ͸ˡ
ϱźǧлظͷĵޱȣӲ˼һƱ԰
ԥؿϹŵˣһݰͰͿųԲƵˣһͻӵתꡣ
»վλĴڵã˶񣬽ľһģ¹ߺˣ
Ŀɨˣݣȴһԡ
ЩλˣԷûʲô飬һʱ²͸˼ֻܰԼ·
ˤһξľ¹ߺˣ
˱ţȴʮӲͦñֱǵСһ˫ֱֱźЦ֪ͷ˭
ҪǸӵĴԼҪΪ仰һɴʹںǸûӵġ
˶ϵ⣬ЩܵϣһȻͬѽȴʮ塣
ִͰȡһѺǩӣӵϣʦүһƴԣƤӲʾˣӶˡ
һ֧ʮӣ֧
˰֣˾ͺԱǸȡ
һֱûڵƹ񣺡
̲סЦžͽжжĥ
˱ˣֱ˶ʮӣѾЩܲסˣɻǲϿڡ
ЩǩӣȴȻ̧̧֡
ָʾˣɫɡ
⡭
ϸԹɫƬ̣˿Ӧȫƾ
Ѿǻƻ裬ͣˣϼ
ֶҲ˻ϧǲûʲôõϢ
һڣۼˣϰס뷹ʳҴҳ˵㶫ͻ˷
ϵȫˣͰｫԼϴϴɷ·ᵽǹѪֱˮˣųſ˴ϣԺ˯˹ȥ
֪˶ãűƿ˵ҺͼֶȥѶȥ𣿡
ΰѣ۶û磬ңۡ
˵ҽҹЩú˯ɡ
Ҳ˯˹ȥ
һ˯üȣֻصǸջ֫塢Ȧͷ­ǿɭɭС
㱸оվòˣִǵһһԴϮ㣬ȴˡ
ǶǵֱֱкϮȫ̧֪һơ
һ˸գȻ۾ٵĴϢţ˾˫̵ۣڷ￴˿߳ûбӰӣ̨ȼţ͵Ĺ䣬侲֪ԼѾ亹͸
˲©ʱѾʱˡ
˻ȥ±ۣƬ̺ͷš
ԱţѾˡ̧ţźܿ챻ˡ
ϵɫٷûѣӸոջֶҲȻˡ
ͬǴкͽݣֱߵߣȥ
ջ˶˯ˣҹܾ߹غ˹ͼͷͬԼźãȻԼλá
ģ̫ˣֻѩ£ԼôǸѣ˯⻹ûˣˮģϱЩĴ
߹𴽣վڴ߽´ô˯ˣ
۾Щؿڣˡ
߽ѹڴߣſֱۣұ
ɵ˹Ļ
߱ס¡
ţྪ̲ƽ˸Ƿ۾㷽Ż𣿡
§ͷϣӦš
ࣺ𣿡
ߣˡ
΢΢Щ۾ȴײߵߡ
ƺһֱڿԼɫУɫᡣ
ҹĶЩҲҹɫ
ĿЩ룬е硣
ߵ͵Ӧ΢΢ǰס졣
˱Ƭ̣߷ѹϣԼĥ롣
š
ֱߵĲԼǣ촭Ϣ
Ĵִ֯һ𣬽Ūҡ
̧֣ߵ૵ߣնл㡣
ſľʹ˻ôжˣ
ȫŪûָģϲߵķɸ硣
ߣ
û˺һƵĿڣҪҵ𣿡
࿪ڣ̧ͷһڣ۾Ҫ͸㡣
Ʋ죺Ҫʲô
§ߵʳʲôˣ
߷໻˸ƣǸר˵ĺڵ꣬רĽ٣ѹǮƺɱιǰ
Ժеĳ߻벻ͨĿã͵Ǻʲô͵Ҳɱһߡ
룬ͷߣң͵ǺӺɱڣý֦
ǾǽǸ֦
߹𴽣ϻۣǽҹһ׮ӣһ׮ŵİӡ
ֶѶ֣ҲЩ˿˼˵졣
գ۾ֱϣɵص˵
߱˫γӿ﷢£ĺ󾱣͵׶Ϊȥ꿤
ȣߴٵ˵ȥ꿤ʲô
ߣȥ꿤ժ¥Ӥ磬רЩٹʳá
ࣺ
Ǵˣ뵽ôСĺȴЩɥ˿ڣ˸
ץߵ½׷ʵΪҪʳˣѲǷˣ
ҡͷǲ֪Ǵ˵ģʳС٣ԽСӤԽߣû뿪ĸãл̥ĸ˹·ͽ׶ӶٳվǰģѹˣѾͣժ¥ߵüҲֻܽ͡
ȻѪȵ˽̸ᵽġ⡱ۿЩ죬ҧ֪˭𣿡
ߣֻ֪ͯӴˣֹǣΪժ¥׶һŲ֪
ҧŴˡ
ߵָ۽ǣƽҪΪժ¥ɫ׶ϸ˻ɱȡƣǹļãǺڵ֪ǵݣҹûҶ֣Ϊǵڶ峿ߣЩ̰˯ˣʱڷϣǽӹһ٣Ҵظ·٣;·ɽ£Щ˰ûҵˡ
ץסߵ֣һ͸·ȥҳЩˣл١
Ӧá
Ϩ˵ƣ˵˵ժ¥
˸ڵҹɫõľ¥ʱĸʱȥͷľƲһһʮȥһء
˯ɡ
ơš۾˻ȻʲôǼô죿һߣ
ߣ
΢΢֤ͬᱻڡ
Цҽкǲ
ԥǺ
ߣͿҲϸɾģҶˣзӣɷġ
Ϊ̲ߣԼǵҲûЯӶϸһ׵ĺ˯˸þڶվӣһ͵سſڣʵλ˼գٹأҪ¹پ֮ꡣ
⣬һĻϲģڲסˡ
ȥ꿤Ҫգռֶ˶ʮֳĬ˵ԷҲֻЩӣɼǰӸǵĴ˲ᡣ
꿤һۿɼûʵժ¥
꿤飬ӵ꿤ߵ¥ͬ¥࣬ͷҲǳԺһӦȫ޳СΡ汦ﶼҵϷɧʫֹٹ˿ɹˣŴ
ҹժ¥ƻԻͣûʵľ꿤ɿ
ҡҡȣͷժ¥ü˿¥
¥롰ժ¥ָһ¥߰¥ɣǸͳƣ¥¥֮ͨܽǽûʣǿλ¼صķ¥
ʱ˶ѣһڳʱ˻ʱĴ磬ƫƫѹӣֻվڽͷ˲˿ǡ
ժ¥Ĵ߸ӣд¥ƲˣȺɵش󣬽˵ĲƷһһ£Ȼæҡ
ͷĴ˿ߵЩ˵¶ҪܿȺġ
סĲչסߣ࣬ǽǲġ
ü˵һԺȻ˵λӣЩʲôˣ
תȥͼһվ࣬Цеؿǡ
°ͣҪõġ
Ʋϣ͸ţλ
ȴû˼ɨһЩŵƣмϱߵĶʲôϡģҪõġ
ҧ΢أЩʾζȻʧˣǻϵЦǻȥģ䶼ûһ¡
ժ¥ĳԶϱأɫ۸ɫֻҪĳģûġǻƵ֪͹Щʲô
ߺȣЦ֪гٵĶ
ǻãȻһ˲ѵصժ¥ϧʳӦоУλӾᡣ
߶һۣ΢ҡҡͷ
˺üʱҲû֡Űʳſι㣬ժ¥ƻ貣ӳˮʮֺÿͷֽ˦βͳԵ
߿ȵӱߣָȣ˼Ƭ̣ǵС˵ЩͯרٹˣǼֶǱҲûʲôʵû취ֻܶǵĹԱ븻ˡ
ι㣬ֱֲȥЩG
̽ͷ¥Ĵڿ˵ߣƼû
߿˹ȥֻｻûʲôߵԣϸϸһۣƼʲôˣ
Щв׼ü˻㻹ַǸ𣿡
ȻţΪ´˰ޡ
΢΢´ֵ̲˲ɣ
ࣺ
ЩЦ̧ߵСһ£ûǣǷŻ㱿˸ӰһҲв׼
߸̧ͷǴߡ
ԼãҲãȻ·ϡ˵Ǳضˣ߾Ǳˡ
ߵԼôɺϡ
Ҳû⣬˸ȥȼֶǰɣñӽᡣ
üòұ㣿
෭˸ۣﳤ
ߵЦ׷ĽŲȤҲá
ഽǹţЦ⣬ͷȴظ߸ţߵӲϡ
̧ͷ͸
ժ¥ֵʱſڿ˽ǳ˶˶飬¥ﴫö˿Ʈ㡣
Ųͣס̧쵽ǰ׵Ҿ͸ӡ
Цһ˫ǵ۾̧Լ֣£΢΢ս
Щգڵرܿߣ߰ɡ
Цá


10 
ߣ
ͬʱһ㶣ſڷ򣬾ͼһЩؿǡ
ʮͣ£çƣ΢֣롣
ҴçƵģؽģ˭ˡ
񣺡ү
Ŀͣ꣬ȭģСӣôˡ
æүüԣ
´һܣ޵볤ʱǻСޣѳˡ
ʮǰµǻΪȹ̵λһеֵܣ׶ǲ˳͵꿤Ǹɢү˵꿤Ҳʮֿ
ֻǵԼСʱλү밢ãͰһҲǸֺе
ЦүҲꡣ
߻˵үЦǺǵ棿
ͷƲòװҳš
û˵үҲûʵ˼үͬá
үļ磬Цգҹ磬һҪóûˡ
ʵү꿤Ѿͬòˡ
үСʱûʲôЩϲԼû˵Եʡ
Цлү
үļ磬´ܣ̾˿ÿ졣
ʹǰ˵ʲôү˵ͷֶҽ£ȽȥˣնҪϡ

Ƭ̺תүıӰ·¥գ۲Ӱ
üҺȻûбժ¥˸˽ժ¥
ҡͷһУÿ˶Ǽ¼ڲģ΢һ֪
Ƴһۣ΢΢۾
ߵЦ׷ȥ
˴ժ¥ؽסߡһԺ䣬жЩ
꿤ҹҲʮ֣ؽֽա
һɰ̯λǰͣã࣬ѡһ
Щˣ˸ǷشչĿĺɰָһīɫһˮģ˵ÿ
ߵͷҲÿ
ɰĴｫɰȡݵǰЦһˮȻȥط˼䡣Ĵ
ึӣɰߣ㡣
źɰӻȡһ
Ǹ۳ǵֽƬϱ߻ɰ
ǶװɰȻԼ
˹򿪺ɰƣʲô
óס֣սȥķ˯ãҪš
΢΢һһ˫γ㶿ߡ
߸յǰص٩ۣ
໺۾ɰսţߵ㲻ҪƤ
ϸߣԼôֶѾˣǣഹ֣Ჽջȥ߲𣺡˵ǡ
ֶǹ˻Żסϣû鵽ʲô
꿤ǲ˿ʧٰǷεģժ¥ⰸһͻƿڣһʱ̲鲻ֻܰӲ̽
վǰ˻߽ɵ̣⣬ƹվڹ̨¼ţЦкҪף
ĴȡСŵ壬ݵƹǰ
ƹԽӹ˿ɫ˲ʱ仯ӹ̨ؽ˫ֹ黹ӡ
λƹƬ̣ҿᣬǼ꿤ܹܡ
ҵⷶΧܹ㣬ϷأĵطǼҵӡ귱ܹܣ֤ԼԵҳϡ
ƹӦǣ֪кηԸ
࿴ۿſڰߣȥ˵ɡ
ʱҡӣǸ죬û磬ͷܶɹý˲ĴҴңɫտѩ׵Ưվſڣĵ˵ȴմЩ
ߵ̧׽˿ϵѩףתͷ˵ˣ
߳ÿÿǴСһ浽󣬿ǰȴû
鲻ģһ䡪ʯ䣬޶
ָ΢飬ջ֣ζסժ¥
ߺȣ߰ɣȥ֪ſ
֪ϲȵյ״ԪɣǸʮвѧˡ
֮ǰľڣʮ꣬޹޹֪ƽȡ
״Ԫһ㶼ÿλ֪Ҳ⣬Ũü۵ģʮӢҲƵӢ
һԣúȲļ϶ϸϸλδˣķӦʮȤ
֪ǵһ£΢΢˿ָ˹䡣
꿤ÿСʵϱ£֪ΪҪ˿ڶʧ£
ߣδ˲ؽţֻʵ漴ɡ
ǲĿ⣬ϲĽִƿ˴ϣ⡭˿ڶʧְһ㶼ʬ価ƣҲв⣬ϸϰڶмء
ߴǵЦûֺҿˣЩطĳףδ˽󡣡
ϲģ뽲
ߣͼ̧ӣһĨζĵЦ꣬꿤Ķʧ仯΢Сನһ֪ʲôˮƽ𣿡
ϲĲ˲ǵĺ⡭ɺϡ
ûƿĿ⣬΢ۣͬӥ㣬Ŀѹȸʮ㡣
һʱ·ض
ˮ˳Ŷͷϲȴûֲ̧λֱǵκ°ͣ䡣
׵ģߺȻЦһЦ·ƱģǴ߽յ£ͬ˵Цģطϣͷ˽ؾҳ͵ҵס
Ṵ𴽣ĿϲģҲվȻ΢ܿĶԻңԼǲ֪໹ǸøЦһײı飬ͽȥҡ
ˡߵĳȸˣպضҪ߶ţδ˲Ҫ֡
ϲվ΢Щæ֣ߡ
˸ôţͷ˿Ǹңµ²δȫֵǮ
ü٣
ʳָ˵һǧ𡣡
ߺЦ۾Ǵ۱Ӱ΢Ҳѹûš
߰참ʱģƽʱһĻ¶
˵ʱټ٣ʵʵԿ⣬ԼôδŪ￪ʼˡ
Ǵˣܾߣ
ҡҡӣգգֶۣѾиˣŵķӦҲ׵ҿɲҲǡнһǧ𡣡
δµ䣬ǰͽ˽˹
ˣȼ̨ϣȤؽȥ˸Ƿߣʲôʱܿ갡
߿üѽʱˣſһ롣
ЩڳѾˣɻҪϸϸһ飬Ƿɵ㡣
̧ͰҿЩ
ཫȥ˻ų۽ޣĵҲŲͷЩ
߽пľںϣ࣬ͰҿЩʵ̫ˡ
˿ϳɶѵֿ˿ЩߣƬ̺ƿĿ⣬ԼõǸ̿
ſϷû˼ôߴǷ߿Ͱ㿴һҪȥȾơ
ߣ
Цҡҡͷȡһ򣬽ſ
СһǱһ
°͵ֱϣ˼֣ƤƤһճ
ǿ۾ûֱۡ
ģʵڿɰ߶û˼ˣͷ
Ʈ㣬紵žڣ΢΢ӳϣӰڱƤҡΣȻ˫˫ۣǵɴ۾ǿŵѡ
ţͷſ
˵һ
Щۣ࣬ˡ
û
ߵȥ˯ɡ
΢΢ü
ҪٿڣȻЩʬûӷİӰɣ
ߣǡ
̧ͷڵݸиӷİӡ
ߣ
߽ӹ򣬿ȥ
վߵ󣬷ؽ°͵ļѣΪ룬Щƣ˵һ
ָһ㿴³Ĺ٣ʧӵǼ˼ͬҽɱˣ֤Ǽ˲ûɱˣҲӣⰸͰʧٴˡ
ָ˹ȥӦһˡ
˵ͷԽԽࡣ
ĺ߲ϣ΢ȣȵЩա
΢΢ͷĴ
ЩûӦգգۣ۾ˡ
ſ죬׵һ໥ͣĴ໥ѹż΢ֿԿͷʱʱ࣡
ﾲףҹŻȾ°ڣؿȴؾʮְȡ
İǱֶƵġ
𴳽ţеˣ
ʲôѸתҴߣɶҲû
ߣ
ࣺ
Ѹٷֿ䶼ţõز˲ϵĿˮһߣֳ˸ڣͷװģؿ߽ڴߣ
ֶܲڣ翴˵ദЩѰû뵽ֹϵԼˡ
յԴϣת߽
ߣʲô֣
ֶ˺ߺϲĻ˸鷿һֱûͷԵġ
΢΢ü鷿
˼Ƭ̣ߵǼ⼸µ˿ڶʧİӣͰиϲģһ鷿
ֶǡ
ߣҺȥһˣ¾ͷɸ봫顣
ֶ˳ȥ˳ʵʵš
߿ؾŵ̲࣬סЦѵˡ
ࣺ
ഽ껹Ǻģ̧һۣ㡣
ߴţң´βš
ࣺ
վߣû´ˡ
ߣȥģ
ɵȥģȥ
ס΢΢սվͬһȥ
ſͣбһۣȥιӣֲȥ¥
һͼųȥˡ
ãСֹǾ仰׾
űϣߵ͵Ц׾ʹ׾ɣҲû˵
ĸӶǾǧѡģ̣ܡеԡ󣬲˳ǰءβڷУҺܺÿ
·еʱͶιιӣЩŸѾϤˡ
ϣͷǣ̯ŵϷһ֥飬ֻʳһֻļëżͷĲ
ҹǳĻŨڣԺƯˮס
Ǳǳöˣͬ˵ˣˡ
Ǹӹų

ͷȴֹ˻ǳ
׼ĳʱŴǾ仰ֻǶ̶֡
ܺá
ܺá
˿е֥ʯשϣһȺӾڵϣͷһһ֥顣
һӰʱͷԺУϡ
һƯİ׸룬ϰ˸Ͳϱֻ˸ԲȦ
ץֽ߷ܡ
ߴӶѻļ̌ͷۺȻƿķţüʲô
˹ҵ˽ժ¥ˡ
߸˱裬ʵɿ𣿡
ࣺţȥǳƹĴӣڽҲŵˣռǸܾɵꡣ
ܹܶǼˣѸϣճ¡
߿ӣüģв֪ժ¥ҪİûйϵǺŵ¼Ҫһܵ 
Ժ⴫һУˡ
࿴ƣģ£ȥ˯ɡ
ҡҡͷ쿴ˣȥ˯ɣҪȥ塣
ûߣſϣҵ㿴ȥ˯
ߣ
೶һڣչ˸ǷȤ
Ṵ𴽣´һ
˲һӣ̧ͷͼཫ°͵ֱϣ۽޵͵ʹţƽȣѾ˯ˡ


11 
ʱѾڴˣԺۣ˸ߣůɫƹʰڣᡣ
Щߣˣ
߶˶٣еĶʣجˣ
ҡͷûУЩڿʡ
߸ˮõߣˮ
෽۾ֺˣҲûñŴ
ߵ͵ЦɱĴ
СɤӣҲЩˣ۾Ƽ˫ÿǾ׵ᡣ
һ£Сʲôʱˣ
ߴʱˡ
ҹɫžЪˡ
Ŵ㻹ûҰ㿴
§ɽԼϣǿѵӣЦ㿴˲һӾ˯ţֱڴ˯
ӣҪˣ˯ˡ
࿴۾ЩѪ˿
һߡ
߽۾ϣ˲䣬͵Ӧ
С˵ϲЩ𣿡
֡š
ĿЩãȻЩܾ˸Ƶģϰߡ
ߣ
۾΢΢˫΢۾ЩԵ˵׼ϰߡ
౻ЦˣƵ˵Щ֪ˡ
ߵصѧ˻ȥ
˾ô˻һЦ
㿪֣˯ɡ
߽ŷŻ˴ϣ´ҰŪˡ
մͷʹ˸Ƿ˯ÿ졣
䣬˸ʱ䣬Ѿ˯ˡ
̿ѹҺãϨ˵ƣߡ
˻۾Ƭ̺󣬲§ϣ˯ˡ
ڶչȻ꣬ɵģż·ķ磬һƬʪ
࿿ϴȳ˳ǲ΢Щ
峿Щ䣬Ǽⶳñʵжòܵ
ߵͷˣ
ࣺţ쵽𣿡
ߣһʱ
ࡰŶŲŲ΢һ·
ϸһֿ֣һָխеظ
˻ȻЦ
ߣǸôˣᰮ㡣
߹Ҫ䣬ֵ㶼ˣôһֱû׵أ
¶һ٣ЩŹ֣ϣҳף
Ƶ˵ãȥˣ˵ףǲҲȥף
ᣬĻҲǾ䶼ġ
ˣ෴Цøˣתͷҳأ
ߣ
ʶü׷ʵɻˣ
㰢Ҫɻ飿
ܲɻ𣿡
⼸޼϶˳ӾֻС꣬ĳɻˣΣ
ǰ·βʹǶ΢΢´ţΣΪûҹȵѺʰȥ˼ʮʮȥˣܷˣ˵׼ܻĺɵ
ЦȴȻһۣЩᣬȴˣͲȥף
ߣǴ󽫾˭ҲҲĻ£ڼﰢͽ㶼㣬ܰίǳɻ飬ԼģȻ⣬ôȥ㲻£
һ紵һĻգ۾ģۿȴЩɬ
תͷǰɽ·̲ľһƬգգ۾ˣˡ
ŷӦæ֣ŵ۲ۣ࣬۲ۣ
ҡͷۡ
˵˲ۣ߻ǽСĸ࣬
˾ĬɽС·ֻ
ãʮʮܷˣ
߷Ӧһ⻰˼ֱ§ǰĺЩɼˣҪҵǵ𣿡
°ͣǣҪǵ
ߵЦɴӦġ
෴֪˵ʲôˡ
Σ̧֣ס§Լֻ֣ġ
ָ΢һůˡ
壬ǿ
Ŷʮ˼ңҼһ䣬ճɲղԴ
ׯɽˮ羰
չɽ·ԶԶɽϷɡ
ʱѾͣˣͷӷõƲ¶ɽľׯϷҲ䵭ˡ
ЩȣˣĴǸõط
˴ׯſڣ߽˨ãȥ½ҿ
½ҾǶʧһңݾڼأ˺ܿҵǻ˼ҡ
ʱ󣬴ׯ·ЩŢ½ſڻˮӲѾܸߣľҲߵõɫ˳˲԰ףֻЩɫϱߣſڻŰᦣʮ˥ܡ
Ŀһһɨǰ̾˿ǿ
ǰǶŵͭš
ͷܿ촫죬·Ȼһ˳˭
˶һۣߵǹٸģҪ²һ½ïʧٵ¡
ܿ죬һ󼱴ٵĽŲ߽š֨¡һˡ
վһǱɥ꺺ӣϵĺûд۾ﲼѪ˿
ɵϴһȦ¶ǹٸˣ
Ժдһ˻ƵŮе˭ˣ
͸϶ȥһŮӴų
תͷǹٸġ
Ů˾ٸ
˿˿ˣ࿪ӣɡ
Ϊǲˣ
˸˵ˮͷǱڵĺϡ
Ҷ˵ˣҼСӶǽмּҸˣǾǲš
ûˮתʵ֪ɷ˵˵Ӷʧյ£
˲ǣ˵ܹܣ֮ǰٸĲҶ˵½˺Ҷӣȴţ˵ҶԼܶˣЦ
ߣ
ߣ԰꣬ǹ²ⰸӵġ
ûŮվӲᡣ
ĿԺпһȦǸԺ䣬ҲֻһסԺжһĲΪԺӲԵЩҡſڷϹɴĴ⣬룬ԿŮ˵ɡ
Ů˴ʱɫ԰ףѳѪۣ۾׵Ҳ֪˶á
Ů˵ǸѰӣͬïһȥҴĺˣȥҰǴСûʲô£Ҳôܡ
˵˼仰˵ֻĨᡣ
˽ȥͷɫ˵ǽź⣬м䶼ҧѪһ
ǵȵûͰҰȥң֪Щ鶼ؼˣ˵ïȥˣ֪ˡ
߬ȭͷָڷףΪڼϢʼ٣ϼⶼЩԼǰˮƵֱߡ
ȴûˮ˻˵ȥ˵ȥңҲ˴峤ߺȫɽȥңɸҲ˵ˮˮˣ֪ʮ־ˮˮ߳⣬ҽˮïôõĺӡ
͵̧ͷһ˫ɺֱţǼּң˸ɵģŵʱ򣬼ƽվſڣЦ˵˻ã˵ɱôô˵ģˡ
üͼּг𣿡
˲㿴ŮˣȴĿ
ͻȻװˮ룬ݺˤ˵ϣŮŵöֹ˿ޡ
ɫ׺ݣӲҵï˿ʬǵïĻʵģҪץ֣ͿȥѼƽץȥͷ
߶һۣվ
ߵȸˡ
һԲתݣŮǳ
ïС񸾵ͷ⣬˰һŮӲ˵˻زʬҲá
仰С塣
ߵġ
Ů˷ţص˵ͷ
Ҫϵ˲䣬װǷϹŵ⿴Ų֪ģ
Ů㶣תͷۣھ͵ġԱȥɡ
ҡͷлˡ
ɢչ͵ڴׯӨҶϻ䣬ľƢһȺۻƵСѼŶŤŤմԾֱʤŵҩķֱԴ
ߵʲô
ҡҡͷǾ֡
ߣ֣
ഹ˼ûڣʲôȻײһ¡
ͷͼһ䵥СѼײĽţκƹֻѼ뵷ڵؼ죬һ˫ۻƵĳһ·ܵöᣬӭ׷ǰߵѼȺ˾ظ˶ĩ
СѼĽԶȥûѼӵСʱ򣬿ۻһЩߣץһȥɡ
ߣ
ЦͬǱ˼ģ˵ץץ
Щʧ˵ȻسҸÿġ
˵䣬Ѿ˷Ĵ峤ſڣ˵ʱ׼ţ֪ߵݺæԺз˵衣
ԭΪ½ҵİģӳ̾˿ɫЩϧǺӡҲǿϧ
ߵŴ½ҳ֮˵ͬļƽɱˡ
峤ô߳˵½Ҹɾɥĵ£زյģʲô£
߶һۣ˶Էеľȡ
峤ǳһ˼Ҷʲôȥ
峤Ǹģб˴峤һֵۣǼһã
˵ֻݡ
峤ʵںգǸ⣬ŵǼƽɵģ½ïգմ½ϼƽţ˵ҪȥˣҺò׸ˣѵģؽȦˣûˡ
ࣺ˵ռƽ׿˵ɱ½ï˵Ҳˡ
峤̾Ϣ½ï˾ô˵ԼħˣǴһֱûǾ仰ֹң½ï˭Ҳûοƽôʵˣƽ۸Ҳڣôأ
߶豭ڴߣΪһҧǼƽأ
峤Ƥƣֲ̧˲ԥ⡭
㲻˵˵峤Լôźһˣ£ʵ̲ס
ǵ˳£ƽǸʵˣҾûôʵˣ򲻻֣ڣһңһ¤ﱻ½ռʮ궼ûҪĶҲ½ҶӴͷ۸ҺüؿݵøèƵĺӶۡ
峤ͳͬ˵ʲô
Ҫ˵޷峤üë۾ɵԲָŴ峤ŭôôҷϣ㲻ҵ½Ҹң˵ͷ
ߣ
ࣺ
峤Ųӣض죬ȴͲ˵ˡ
峤˵˱裬˼½ʮ
˵ϣ峤˵ֻ˶ˣԭ½ЩնǺǨģʲô½Ķһӣ۸ЩǼּҲˣΪ˱ʵ۸ӵķضڿˡ
һ㶣⡭öĳ𰡣
峤Ц½֮ǰԹٸֲֻᣬֻ˵Ǽƽɱ½ïȴ˵ΪȫôЩΪʲôļƽ
ࣺΪΣ
峤ˡžӣһԵĴ峤һ飬ҧȻΪ½ïŪ˼ƽΨһĶӡ
ࣺ
ߵб٣
峤ۿЩˣûУʱƽˣŶӵʬ׾Ҫȥ٣½˽ڼ˸½˶ӣ˵ӵǮ¾ˡ
ָ΢΢۽أ
˵Ҳ֣½͵ȥ٣ſһ£ƽ˺ˣЩҲûᱨٵ¡
ߣˣ
峤ڻ룬ˣǺӲ꣬½ïꡣ
Ӵ峤򸾵Ľ˵֪ȥĳ޵ȫò
½ïԼǴİԵ۸ͬĺӣͬҹϵõļƽҵĺӡСʿ
峤˵ƽｫñ׶ǳ£⺢Ӷ£Լĸףֻ˵Լˤġ˵ƽҲ֪ҹ½ߺüأΪ˶Ҳƴͬأ½ߵĶ֡
ƽǸͻݵģÿؿүһ˶Ժˣۣ˵ܹǮͰңСʮָˣÿŶЩǮɽȥЩҩݻ
ǮҪܹˣռƽӻЦͬ峤˵Ҫˣ磬Сûˡ
СɽС׼ؼҳԷ½ïһȺСסȥ·
СܣȴһȺСȥ˺ӱߡ
˿һĻǴһɵӣǲȫȴǸƵģԶԶƼ½ï˽С˺ӣˮʯͷʯӣСӼ᲻ʯ飬СĺңСƴ㣬ɺˮǽȾ졣
ӶˣҶˣ½ï£ѽŲƴһ˿ˮļСͷϣ²ȣ޷ˮ档
ɵܹȥľͷʱһȺСӲһɢˡ
ʱˮѾȾ죬Сûٸ
ˮȥ̣ʱѾˡ
ɵӲ֪ʲôǡֻΪС˯ˣͻ˼ҡ
Ҳֻǵ޴ʻ˵˾ƽֱ˹ȥ
Ѻֻ֪żСʬ׺ۣѾɵˡ
ƽʬҪȥ٣ɸճžͱ½ס㱻
ۿ΢죬Ŀ
ӣŭӯ
޻˵½ïǺúӣһúӡ
ֱһ÷飬ҵ½ïǸƽɱˡ
ļ磬ࡣ
࿴峤ˣȻѾ꣬ΪȥټСķأѲɱ˻ҪҲ
峤Ĩ˰ᣬ½߷˵ƽ½ïˣҪСķءر׿СѾûˣǹײֻСһ˵ʬף½ïأ浱ϵ˶ͬһ޳ܡ
ʱ˶ȥˣ½߼ûԼӣݵؽСǸڹײʬ˳ǺӵĹͷˤ䣬⻹ޣֽǺӵĹͷ˲Ŵ뿪
Сͷһسţռãǰʮֺÿ˵ЦҿͷѾһ룬ο£ݵ۾ͻͻţˡ峤˵ûҲûֻ֣ɢһصʬǿһûС
Сų󣬵õֳͰıӣû£˺ŵ¡
ۿתͷߣЩ϶ûд
峤Ц½߸˵˵½ïŻˣҲ´οΪЩٵĵ鰸ӣһ˶ոˡ
峤Ŵԣø첲ŷӦǰҲǹٸˣһʱŵɫЩס
ҡͷǹٸˣȴ꿤ٸˣǴӳ
峤˿Ĺٴ󣬿ɵúúЩ١
һعԱΣûбȰոˡ
ֵһƬ֪˻Ӻ˵𣿡
峤Ҳ˴峤վųϿǮĪ


12 
˴峤Ѿ磬Щ˳ߵ½ǣߣһ˻ˡ
Ϊʧٰⰸӻͬʧٰ޹ء
ǣס֣ȥƽҲ֪
ûֱȥǻ˴ڣ˦βͳԲݣͷŸͷһյĸ
Դϴδǿջ֮˳Էʮֽ
ںӱѰ˴ɾط˴򿪰ȡη
θڲãŻĳγˮеĸҲҧڡ
̽ıҧһڣϸϸ˳
Ƴһۣ޾ɵԼлҵġ
̧ķЩ󣬽öᡣ
Եץס֣ߣһҧȥ
أЩƵͷһ¡
˦֣ҧ
ߵ֪ܣû㣬ء
ҧẈ̂ûסЦô֪ҳԣ
ߣڻţɲԡ
֮ǰ˼زڱĸԣȻû
౻ֵɢ࣬ҧһڣ֡
߲ԣʲô
ߵҿҧûҧѪ
ȴɫһ䡣
Ϊۣ̽ȥ֡
ȴ׽ס֣سգգ˫˵ۣѪˣҧ
ࣺ
ЩСӰϷŪЦҲûջҧ
˵꣬߻¿ˣҧúأ˲ʱü
ߣȻؾ
˿ڣҧۣʹӣɫ
ִյԼߣСĴ˴Բס
ֶ̧Ծһƣӵ׷
ߣ
࣬ȴҲ۲ۣ֡
˳߿ȥֻһֻҰһɭɭĶҺ˳ǰરڵϣһ˫˫ǣӺ﷢׺ݵصͺ
еĶʱ΢΢һǾȻһͷǣɭɭģ
߼ϵ嵶׷ȥҡ
Ұ˼תٴּܽľ
ʶǰһûͷȴǲĶš
ͣ˲
׷ҰķգۼԾӣŨܵĲľҶһˢζѾӰ
ŲԭƬ̣˻ԭ
Լıӣֿ˿߳ʣһСǿ飬ˡ
һȵĴʹ߷ҧԼֿ̧
ڲԵĺ棬ӳҲӰԡ
ҫ۵ĹȦϣѾҧۣüֹҲ
ִսЩǱطҪһҧۣüöȮô
ʰ˰ڣԶ˹
ཫϣͷȥš
ԭϲ˲䡣
̧뿪ķ˹ȥ
һ۲΢һ·Ҷۺߡ
Ӳܼɲ׳ԼҲͶʮ꣬չ͸ϡҶʶµĹľúס
౻ѣߣԼôӶûߵӰ
Լߴˣľԣͼһ˿ɫڹľĵϡ
԰ǰߣһ·ϣɽӿЩŲԼô˰ӣȻڲҶϷѪ
һ˼󿴼һҰʬ塣
̧ͷһǰ˵صŵĶҰǵʬ壬һ
һ·Ѫǰ˰ʮһƼߡ
ͱԱߣͱмһһߵķ϶ͷƣ֪ڿʲô
ϰһȾ˿˹ȥеߡ
תͷЩ𱸵ôˣ
ߵ߶£Ҳ￴϶һ˶խߵʮֿԼôǰҰǵѣ붴ԶľһСǣﰵǲ˹ǡ
ͷ꣬ôŪ
վߵһô£ڽŷ䣬һ׳
ྪˣ̣ҿǹͷеĶƬˣ̲
ŪʱٴΰѹͷŪ飬һȫó
õ辣ڸȥȡ
ࣺ
۾ĶüĵڲǸ죿
߽֦һɼĴ̣һţ߹ݸࡣ
ࣺ
಻ڿӣָ߬ǿʮַ֦ĲӣƲҷûԷû
ЦģԱ߿žС
ࣺ
ˣͣ
ô˵õ˿ϵʱ໹Ǹߴ˴
¹Եʣʮɾʹ˽ȥ
࿴߲ʱڳһӣŪð¶ճࡣСƲƲ죬ڵϣ𽵹ذ˿ӡ
߶һͣץס󣬵㲻ڣҺܿںˡ
ûԸҲˣ
һ㶣ЦãҲ㣬ϸ֡
಻¶ͣȻڵúҲǰЩ
ʱھڳһܹһ˳Ŀ϶
࿴߹˽ȥ̲ס㵱Щ
û
ͷζʵǺǣһƳҰŨҵĸζһ˶ܲˣο
ĴһܣгһѰ׹⣬ͷİɢĹͷ鿴Ȼ˹ǡ
ãæһѣô
Ұ˹˳
ࣺ
̽Ŀ˷֣æ˦
߰׹Ƿ˵ϣеίҡ
СһţװҾ͡
ߴͷЦЩ
Ҳ̲סЦͰӺúϴһ飬ˡ
̧ͷüۼЦ⣺ϴ
ˣһţתƻ쿴ͷ
ͷЩͷݺۣԼôҰҧģҰǽҧôġ
̫ɾˣϱûй⣬Ҳ˿ɣֻʣһǼܡ߽ͷǿƴΣ˵
ǼҲȫһһ鱻ҰǵģҲ֪ҵġ
ûҿ᲻½ï
ߣͷģԼôǸʮꡣ
ࣺ½ïĻôģô̶һ¾ͳ˰׹ǣ
ҡͷֻó⸱ʬǾ˲ĥѣȡ˹衭عѣǾѹ
üʬǣɵ˵׼ôġ
ɫȴȻЩˣ㻹Ǵ峤˵½߽Сʬϳײıʬ𣿡
Ҳһһۣ˶Էеľ졣
߻վȥСϿһɡ
Ӳ鵽Զ϶ǲʧٰûйϵˣٲȥҲֻΪһ
ķضɽȣԿ󱲾Ӳݶ١
һ·߹ȥضǰӹ½
Сķغܺңͷ£򿪵ķشʱѱ롣
û˿⣬ǿյġ
࿴ŻǸչף΢˲
̾˿ײû
ͷײʼû
Ǹ½ϳʬǡ
ײܸɾ±ߵСո£ǼС꣬ٻиõĺۼ
˵ǾʬǺŽȥġ
˵Сûס
Ǹշأǰǡ
ǼƽΪʲôҪһշأ
߶һۣжЩ
˵ˡǰǾ׼ءΪ½ï
ƽҺ½߼ģǰʰøɸɾûаӲݣó˼ʮڿ졣
ߵţûӦ
üš
߻ûӦ
һζ˳⡣
˭
ȻһЩɻ
תͼһʮĴӿǣ´ȦĿЩ裺ҪҼƽ
ڹٹأʱߵİѾʮǱȷʵʲôˡ
౧ȭ¶ǸӦ׹ѵĹЦݣˣǹٸˣҼƽ
˿ſҵѣһΪ͵
ɵؿࣺٸҼƽʲôѲ½ߵϹ
ҡͷֻЩҪʣ
תͷ۽յĴţ⻧˼Һڼҡ
ᰡֵƽϱջʱȡء
Īһ׷ʵʲô⣿
ⰡǼֻˡ
΢΢ս˵ˣ
ҡͷûԣƽϱҳԡ
ؿڼΪνȡ
Ļû˵꣬ţȻˡ
һԺӿ˵ζͰζѬθһӿ
ŵһŮˣĿ£ϣľȻ峤˵Ļƽӹ治ˡ
࣬˵Ҳƽֱλǣ
Ǵ˹Цǹٸˡ
ƽƺҲû⣬˵Ϻѿ飬ƽλ˿£˵ɡ
Ժﰲž޴İͷ˸׻ĴѾˣձë
ѹͷɱˣôð
ƽ˳ҺҪˣô
˶٣Ŀתߺ࣬ӣλǣ
౧ȭ˸񣬵ǹٸˡ
ŶŶƽЩнش˴֣
ǸĺӣȥΪʮʵ
ԺӵǻʰøɸɾŽ½߼Ҹԣࡣ
һܣӹƽӵݹĲ裬ЦЦллɩӡ
ƽ޲ض˵ͷߵƽ󣬾ĬվţӰӡ
²յԺʰɾֳִ
ǴЦǺǵƽ̤ʵϸɣ׬ǮϱҲڿ죬ӹȻá
߿Ժֻôܳ𣿡
ƽЦЦԲġ
˴󷽣ԲͷָҸôҲҪǮ
΢΢۾żƽ֪ĳڸ
⡭ƽͷӣԥ²㡣
˿ڲˮԼƽЦߣﻹ
ƽӵ˵ͷŴݡ
࿴˵βˣĿ˼ƽϣ㷽˵Ҫң
ƽͷǣҪϼˡ
˵Ҳʮͣ۽ǵȴǳأóʮң˵ʱ޶Ц÷·ظ
ߣ֪ϼ
ƽָָһɽ͵ˡ
ô˵һĹ򣬼ƽͬһˡ
վ֪ɷҿ⣿
ƽӶһۣϵĲƿЩֵʲôÿģ
߹ͷ鿴꣬Ĺ⡣
ԼˣΪžص£ʮСġ
ƽӽͳſڣȴû˵ߵͷ׹Աߣݹ᾵ɽϵĲ˵䣬ؽӻ
ѪЩҲû⡣
֪ΪΣǲչɭɭâĵЩ䡣
ȴȻ⡣
Ŀضżƽ½ïʧգģ
ƽһ㶣ҡҡͷȻΪ½ïġ
̧ƽֱߣˣͬȥιˡ
ޱ飬û½ï
ƽû˿ûС
ߣ½սӵķٿ㲻𣿡
һһµĶƽԺУ˵Ķ࣬ȴǶ˽ŵϡ
ݵĳĬ󣬡ޣƽ̹ȻߣƽҺ޲½嶼ȥ̫ˡ
ɫϣѹȸʮ㣺ͽ½ïɱˣǸ׼õķ
ƽ
߼½ڳӵʬǣڱʬǣ㽫½ïʬӵɽ֣ιҰǡ
Ƕĵٿһ٣ƽӿߣŵĵȥ
ߵıʣƽû˿ңվ˵ϲڵĻҳ
ָֻǸʵģ˿ߣֿ˿࣬϶ɱˣɱұǡ
⻰⡱һ¡
ŭƽ
ⷴӦ˵ºܿͬйء
վۿ΢ᣬ㲻
⻰䣬Ȼһҵ
ҵ̶֪˲ˣڵؽƽӿţ


13 
ſһһţţЩʱŶ롣
ƽӻƢţյߵǰǽȥš
ƽȴҡҡͷΪҪͷߣû뵽ô졣
࣬ûʲôòãֻ벻롣
һ˲Ӧ
һȺŹ˺ӿ˽
߲ɫصǰ
¸鷳վԶһۿǰһͷ½ߡ
Щˣɫһ㶢żƽƣɱˡ
ϣ˵½ߣϣȺеײײһͷɢңܶһֻЬôʶأ˼ҷָԣ㻹ɱ˼ҡҲ˵˲øǣ˵©졣
Լϳһǣְվǰߵ½ƣȰȥȥ˵
һ߻ƽ򸾴˽ݡ
ĳûġ
½߻һ𣬽ڵأ۾ɺżƽҧгݵ뺦ǣ¶ˣɱ½ïɱ½ҡ
һ㶣תͷƽ¶ˣ
ƽӶɷҡҡͷ
ƽ½ߵߣû¶˶ͽҲú
ڵĴҲ߷߲ƽٸ˵½ïºǷûϵǺСˣ˶ǻվţʮˡ
һȺ˻࿴Сǰ
ǣ½̧ͷָƽïأ˵ïˣ
߳鵶ͷȴȻྪŵߣסǣ
оʱתͷ
ȴѾˡ
ƽ򸾴ǻʳѪںɫ綾
ڳ˶ˣ½ߡ
Ѹٷ˼Ѩȴ֪޼ˡ
ƽǣס֣߳Ⱥһվţ˵ƽ磬ǽվͰҰɡ
ֱʱ෽֪˵İңǸ
˵һһʱ˵
ƽ£쳣ƽض½˵½ïͻؼˣҲ
½ֱãҪʣȴס
ƽѾˣѸ٣߷ѨλҲֻӻôһʱ̡
ЦĿһһȺϿȴǿһ׷ױܿۡ
Ǹ飬СǼҵĺһݡ
ǶɣǲǺ㣿ƽǾɲɫƮƮιϺõϡ
ѾµˣֻձʵһĴθᣬȴᡣ
ƽȳһںѪһߵĴżĨᣬȰ˵ˣȱ˵ˣȥҴ򡣡
ûˣƽӽסֽҵķ˿ڶ󣬹һĨЦ˼ɡ
Ǵ̾˿ӣл㣬ʲôҲ֪㡣
ԴﲻסҡͷƽӶЦЦĿ½ϡ
½߱ѱŭżƽĻдңƽӿҲ̲סŭǣ˵½ïأ
½ïƽƺЩɻƵģ˵ǻؼ𣿡
˶٣һԵķȻءŶûȫȥء
⻰˵ڳ˶һƬëȻ
½߳ѹڵϡ
ƽ§סӵļ磬Ϊҩȴ÷˽˼ƽĻ
ƽŵ϶˷ֺ½ߣƽ˵ëȻĻɱ½ï۸ˣͷѪ֪ΪʲôްΪС˻ÿؼҪһءɵ֪֣֪ǡ䵥ˣҵ꣬ûбõĻˡ
ЦӾȻˮЦȻҲ֪£Ұںʱ޺ң
½߶Ŀѣƽȴ˷ֺ
ƽȴܿûˣɱ죬Ұ˼ңŽ󣬰ⶼһ㲻ʣڳι
Ŀһһ½ϣЦǶ⣬͹ȥˣ½ïؼˡ
Щ½ɫ࣬һ˸ŻҲŸŻܳԺӣ˼
½Ҳȥˣŭ쳤ȥƽ
ɼƽû꣬Ϣӣ
ɱҵСҺ޲⣬ʳǣɺ룬Լ˽أ½ߣ⻹ġڳԼӵʬǣĹͷϵ飬⻹ҹٿʬӵɽιǣ׶Ӱá
дԭɱĪڴˡ
½߶ˣûˣڵżƽĿȴɢˡ
ƽһ˿סӵ֣ܹȥ˵ҡ
߷ſ½ߣѾû˷
ֽشӵĿİſߣ߳ȻЦЦְľսʳţ֪˭˵˾䣺ˡ
ǣסߵ֣ûȴս
峤һĻд򣬿Ѿ޲ˣƽ򸾵ѾʼˣӵţҲֲ
߽װ½ïйǵİ˴峤ͷ㽫͵½Ұɡ
˴峤ӣǶ˺ú޸ء
峤ͳţֹ
࿴峤ſ˿ڣлλˡ
䡰лá
һ·Ĭų˴ڣҲ̲סƵϣס
һһͷС
Щˣķ˵½ǣһˡ
߽𣬻
һԲؿǰ۾
·ȥգʧĻ
ԽԽƮҡ
Ұףֻš
ɫ۾
̧ͷߵСߣۡ
ЩƣЩ
߿˿ɫסͷ·һͤӣȥЪЪ
ͷ
ͤӺߣֻ¶һǣʮΡС㹻꣬һϪϣɿˮţԶܼɽһˮīࡣ
ͤӳɰ˽ǣһ湩ûΣΧ˿ɹЪϢ
߽˩£ͤӣڿͤߵˮһ𿴡
ͷɫˣسʱӦѾˡ
ߣ޷дơ
ģתͷµˮмֻС㣬ż̽ˮ洭ϢϿż䲻֪ҰСۻƣţ΢΢ҡҷ
ˣ߱ͤӣϪһ͹ʯͷϣʯͷ⻬ֻһˣվȡ
ռߣȻͿͼ߿ʼ´
ۿˣѾȴѣ̲סʲô
⽫ӽϪˮˮо֣࣬ϴһϴһ
ࣺ
ֱ۳Ͽˣϸü۷·𶼱մʪˣӿˣϵʵÿԼġ
ϴ֣־һˮϴϹˮ鿴ҪҲϴһϴ
࿴ϪˮЩԥˮ䲻䣿
ߣе㣬ϴֵ޷
ͤӣµС·Сʪ̦޺ߡ
Ϫһ
ϪԶС࣬ӣһˮ
ˮ䡣
ַϪˮţϪˮָ
Ȼָⱻʲôһ£ɴ۾ֻһɫСָǾŲóԣ˦βߡ
ſָѸײڶֻСץȥ
һӴܣȴǱץסβ͡
æеߣ쿴
߸տβĨָͣ¶˳һ˦βˡ
ˣһǰֱȥ̣ʮɣûš
ϱ߿ϪˮС㣬ץûץŷ¡
Ь²Ƚˮ
ˮǳδûСȣϪˮ±й⻬ĶʯЩѽš
ЦҲҪϴ裿
ͷˮ㡣
Ҳˮͬһ̡
ȷʵ̣̫СˣҲƳ̡
̵ú·һȥץ϶ŪʪҲûץһ
Ĩ˰ϵˮҪ߰Χ£һˮ˲佦һ
۾ĬĬĨһޱؿߡ
ץһ㣬ģ͵Ҳġ
Լ׽㣬ŪԼһˮԽˡ
һֱϸ۲ɫϢ˰벽
һ˲Ȼˣͼ̧ȡ
һˮ߷߶Ū
˰ߣ˵Ц档
۾˵Ϫˮ
ûж˼Ҳ̧Ƚˮߣ൱Ȼʾ
һʱƽ徲ϪˮˮĽ׷Զˣ϶ʪ͸ˣȴʮֳ졣
෽ŵѹƣԶˣ߶ЦߣóĹ￴⸱ģҪιȥ
۾Ϊλιȥ
ŲĶӣЦ󡣡
ͷȫʪˣȷʵǱɺͳ󲻴ߣǿεĺͿ㹻ˡ
ЦֻҶˣǳҲֻһ˵۾
תתϢ̧֣ˣˡ
߹Ȼͣ˶ǰҽİɫˮ齥ƽϢ߹ȥ߳벽ã㣬ͼһЦһˮĻϮû㣬ǰյرס
һǻڷµˣֻңעµġ
ȴû˵ֻ
ߵЦס§˻ˣ
ûֻǽ˫ָԼ¶ıϣ󣬽°͸ļѡ
Ϫǽɫ뵣ྲ
Ŵˣ
ҡͷСʱˡ
ߵʲô
໺Ϫһ곤´꣬طˮһˣһͬȥ棬Ҽһôˮӡ
ˣҲ͵Ц
۾ģ͸ˮ˵ĵӰʱվһˣƭ˵ˮǳ߹ң˿ûģ̧˽ȥ
ߺЦһȽȥͺһʱ㻹վڱָЦᶼЦˡؼʱϵͶˣѴһѰ˼ء
ϸιྲľһ˿ʵ磬ΪʲôҧҰ
ߣ
ûϵˣЩˣȥѰɡ
ֵʱûãͤӣ·ķһʱһϮȫ
˸ɾѣ˰˽ͤͼͷ䡣
˹ٷһɫ·׼գԵøɾ䣬ʱԵͣ˾ϡ
˰˽ͤߵߣ֣Ҹ󡣡
߹𴽣֡
ʹĳ۽ޣĿһһġ£Ŀϡ
ҧĵطѾһƬףݺɼһۡ
Ϊʲôҧң
û̧ͷһȦһȦظŰһ䡣
𴽣û˵
¶ûͣɴӣҧҧ㣬ÿйͷҧҡ
ߣ
ϵôӣ̧ͷֱֱߵ۾ưˣ
죬Σҡҡͷ
۾ãһһʡ
ֱãֲܣֻԭؽš
ࣺҶˣ
ߣ
ûϵ˵Щˣɻû˵
̧һѣ˰벽ൽһߣû˵
һѣǰһʵ㷿Щ鶼ˣ
˵һǲ˵ֻܱˡ
ˣಽơ
ҶӵĲ飬湻ࡣ
ѿɳζ
Ϊδ룿
Χ˲ˣؿһѣߵ˿
ļ类ఴţƵпϣò̧ͷ
˫۵һ̣ŷвЦ⣬Ӹ¿׷ʣҲ׽Ū
ษ಻磬ߵ۾磬ҲҴһ䣿
Ǿ仰ʧ˵Ĵ䣬߽§ϣ۾еĴ
ĽҰ⣬ɫʮľɫ
ͣϸ꣬ͤǣѷ֡
̵໷ߵĲӦҵǣӰ뿪գͷŪ㵴
ܲס̲ס㣬Ϣţߣ㡭
һظоߵ
ȥֻ˫ڵȾźڵ
ָָ̧ջ»һֱ򦣬޳Ĳ
ôˣһս§ֱۡ
⧲ţĿڿͷߵ۾Ũܵ۽΢Уͨ͸ĺһ˿âҲؿԼڵĻꡣ
۾̧ף¶ԼĲ΢һ£߽磬ҧɡ


14 
һ˲ȵĴĲ̵öһ£о߽˱òֻۣǿطȫˡ
´˲ʱɢˣоһִֻɢ̽˽ȥزһֻţס
İĿס͵͡š
ȵǴƣһֱǴһ£ſڳԽ
ŪƵŪԼƲסشϢۣԼһĻ
һ˲Ȼҧסˡ
ҧĨڵĺ޵ĵط΢΢̧š
ʹҪĿУסָ̧ҧڳݼ䣬סſˮ磬ҧ
߲ģļһ߽ȥ
౻Ƴᣬ޿̵Ȯҧˡ
ߵЦڷŹȵĸļ磬Ǵϸ弡
һֲֻʵ£ǵ䡣
סҧڳݼָǸָóֱĴ࣬
մȾЦ䲻Խеû
ֻôĿϯȫĶ߶һƬţйˣһӿԼĶϡǰ
ڴϢۣ˫ӡ
ϲĿˮĿߣû˵
ȴ˿ϣԼ
ûֻš
Ȼ߽
Źٷһװִôǰ´
Ǿ˵ĳߴ磬Щڵؽ࿪
˹̧ס°ͣת˻ҷ
Ļ˽ͤͬϻıȾȶȡ
ͤͤŷ¡
߸̧뿪ϵסԼĴĳײŪϡ
˿ϣֽץΧĿ⿴ŻɵҹɫȴʲôûҵĳڽĿ
Ȼ䣬һ󼱲
硭
֪ڼйˣϴ죬ͷش
תͼ۽ǻһ飬ָϸϸŶ
ߴʹ̧̧
̧۾
ոո߳ܲסôǿҵַһαֻء
߽Լ˿ϣԼϡ
Ե˽ɸ硭
߾ţԼһҲԸˡ
ᶯһһţ۲ۣ
ָ̧ˣȴҡҡͷ
˫ֱߣ۾̰ʵ磬ΪʲôҧҰ
һߴ𣺡ӡӡ
̲סЦҶˣҪ
ҧ촽һڣЦ⣺׼˵ˡ
ƣÿζһ㣬ɫ죬͵ͽ
߸ԼõǸ͵壬ɫ䰵ʮ궮⵵ʱ͵ˣÿطʱĶ㣬ǵһ ѳ㣬Ҳĸˣ㻹ʲô
βһᣬΪβ롣
߰βŵҡ
ཫѣ̧˻ȥ
ľô¾۵ֱ
ûͣػŪ
˿ϣĶ
һη̧ȴȻһ
߷סƵģҶˣҶˡˡ
༱ٵشϢţһ˲߽ס棬ţĿнûϸ
ѾȫˣҰһƬֻԼܿЩӰӡΪ꣬ó涼ݷˣֻϪ߲ݴһܽСͤĽ
һͺҵزص߻
ߵţ
߿ˣųҹɫشϢЦ⣬ţα࣬ûɡ
֪˶ãڷֿþʲôʳȥˣߣҿڣû
Ъ˰ΣڻָЩ
һɢҪȴӹߵֲû֣Լ
߱ԼѴص٩Ż§Ҳ࣬Ͳˣ
ҹЩˣ˸硣
ϵѣüˣ
˹ǣߵ֣ûУЩ䡣
˳˰˽ͤ࿴ҹɫҲ֪ʲôʱˡ
߳˳֣ȥɣҹˡ
Ȼǰƣؿ
Ӱٺˣ˽ͤԽԽԶֻ˼ĸо
ĪЩգŴʹӣ۾


15 
ʣѷѣоԼһۣڶ߽ЩС
ü͵ͿԼˡ
ǰǸİطߣüͷ࣬ǵصͷ
ȫۣͷҲ۵ЦЦɤۣôˣ
ůָ⣬Ⱦ˷纮
࿴СģЩЦŷ˺ִ˷磬Ȼײ
ҡͷյߣŪĶʱŪС
ࣺ
ཫִг˳Į𿪡
һգ
ЦҲѵҲ
Сһ䣺治
ࣺ
ƻƣĿ⻺ɨΧһѰũңаϾɿʰûɾǺδ
߷ιˮ;㷢˸գżϿسǣ㳳Ҫˮ·⻧˼ңҽˮǡҵĴЩҽ
ˮɤЩҲ̫Щ
˵䣬ľűƿˣ߽ˡ
ǰߵһʮĸˣӲߣĸݣݴֲڣǳׯˡǸʮӣЩ΢΢ڸǣЩƵġ
˽ҩ˹Цˣҩ˷һͺˡ
߽ӹҩ룬л
࿿ţ׽˽ǹ̵ҩҨһףڴߴ˴ȴûֱιԼſ졣
ҿץסߵ󣬵ʲô㶼볢ҡ
ߣ
ҩЩ½ƣ˲۾еɫι㡣
ǸЦпţЦλӸãҲô֡
һҩǺɤۣž춯صؿ
β΢죬ˮӵߣģֽͳһһÿһ¡
˺ʲôûСӲغ
ԽЪ˻Ŀڸϣл
Ǹ˼ͳȥˣҲųȥš
߻ڸ˳ôˣ
࿴Źϵ΢΢Ƭ̺忿߻̺ǿҪҩ
Ŵǿҡ
ü˵֣
ࣺӽ֣
ߡšʱ֪գ˵㣿
ֱü룬ԼôǺɡ
§°͸ļѣЩ𣿡
Цճҩ˵ûã㷽ŻҳҩӲðɣʲô£㵹һⲻ׽һ˫
ûôֻ࣬ǾͷҩĶѡ
һҩӹ˿һߣתͷͱ§ס˲ţһڡ
ߣ
ߵ͵ЦƵڴϣϣȴûѹֺ
ĴȥɻûźȻ֨ѽһ
һһתͷȥ
ֻ˽
û̬ƵģηηЦЦλλˡ
߷һߣѯʵ𣿡
Ͼ˼ңȫġ
ֵ˵λǳģҴδȥ֪λɷҽģ
ߣ
ࣺ
Ǹ©Ѿʱˡ
ˮɫؽ൲󣬵Բסҡ屧ǲɡ
ֿ࣬æ˼ǲܣλúЪϢˡ
űϣߵſڣ߻شߣ˫۾Ƕġ
ҩȻ˹Ч࿪ʼˣţһͻسǡ
ߡšȴЩá
಻ʱ˯ˣߴ˵ƣ˴࣬ãȻһͰѸ첲ȴ
Ǻñӣ۾
ͣˣͷ֪ܽ˶ãһ
۾ӦһԼġ
߲Ϣ仯۾תͷ
ϡ¹飬̧ĶͷѲˣ
ҡͷöˡ
΢΢Ҹˮ
͵ͿҲˮ뷽㡣
ߣȥ
Լȥ
ߣ
˹ȥڴ߾¹⴩Ь
ҲŴЬ
ཫһֻЬԶЩС˵˵ԼȥԼȥ
εҰɽֻҰޣҲġ
޿̣ŭڿľͲȥôϵó
ߣ
ֱ߱׵ĻŪҲЩˣҪ
Ц͵͵һ£ЩҪԶˡ
͵͡š´š
΢ϣŲԶɻ˴ϣŴ̧Լ֡
¹⽫ӳϣǣʱģЩߣ̹Ȼ
׷ģǾͿԶǣöΡ
಻֪ʲôûҵéޣԺʰøɾ࣬תһȦҲ֪﷽㣬ں¿һ
⻧˼һͷ¿˸ӣȥʱֻéû⣬˭֪Ȼһ̶¿
ಡûãֽЩ㱻ŵڵϡ
̫ˣõ¿һţʵڱﲻסˣ͸ɴ¿ȦϽˡ
شÿӣԼΪҩԵʣЩŹǷߣûϵܱͬһͷ¿ء
¿ŻʵʵԲݣŴһ¿УȷŻ
ֱӱŵ˵ϡ
ҹɫף¿ֻһ߽ȦҹɫΪһ塣
ˣҧԷģһȥڰ¿ӡ
˲Ǳų亹ŵҪվ
ɸսַڵϣһ١
ָǿãֻˡ
±ǿĵġ
ǿϱߵĵݣȻһľ塣
ѵؽ¿Ȧϣ֡
˸Ƿ׼ȥվɶȴȻס
£ľϣȷ˷Լû
ľ֮ڿޣǸŮˣŮˡ
ĸ߸ٿȻתͷéݡ
⻧˼ҾɽУΧû˼ңԺռضͶʲôҲ֪
˵ֻˣһĸ׺һӣ൹Ǻƣû뵽Ȼܡ
𴽣׼ȥߡ
ɸ߳һŮӵĽ˳ҹɫܾģģУŮӿ޵𣿾ȾңȾҡ
ԽԽҪˣǱ߷ݺģûʲôǾ⻧˼ҾͲðˡ
Ҫ
ԥ£ƿľ塣
¹˽ȥֻ±һĵؽѣų̂ףֻһݡ
Ůû𴽣һ˵ؽѿڵӲ£׳ŵӲϡ
±ߴԼԽζԽأЩ¡
һڵףǽ˿ûһ
Ƭ̧̺ߣխͨת˸䣬ǰȻ⡣
ͣڽԼ˹ľС̽۾˽ȥ
һĿռ䣬ԼôҲͺϱ¿Ȧͷ˵ݣϱһɫӣϱŸڵŮӣ˩ֽţûûϢ
һŵζ˳ЩѬۣʺζͷ˵ζҲ֪˶á
ĴһȦûеڶΣϸû죬˽ȥ
첽ߵŮԣеѡ
ŮûзӦ
ıϢ˿ȥֽϰ
ǹ֪۾ĿɢͣƬ̡
ЦЦ£Ҿȥ
죬δ۾Ȼɴ󣬿
УתͷȥͷϺȻһʹ˹ȥ
ߵòֱЩԣ嵶š
һʱ̣ԼôµؽѣʱؽѾˣ˵ݣߡ
ļ磬ɫѾң﹫ѾʼǸվ¿ȦϸϣЦôô磿λӺЩ𣿡
΢΢ս嵶ɫʲôʱģôû죿
Ǹ㶣ָָǷӲ棬³ЪϢģΪ˿￪š
Ӧ˹ȥ֪ûп࣬ųéһֱû
ЩãȻûаҷųû˰
ߡŶĿԺпһܣأôû
ӼЦ嶼ûֺѽ˯أƽҪ˯˲ѡ
תߣ಻֪ȥˣţвҽҡ
˼Ҫݣæ˵ϣ׷ȥҸһң˯ɡ
߽ŲԽԽ죬ͷҲûأҵÿЩ
˵Ѿſڡ
Ѿ˲࣬Ųݵ׷һץסֱۡ
ָͷߵֱϣСȴþˣϵЦЩֱߣ˵Ȼ͵ģṫӣǻȥҰɣֶ˯źѽѵġ
΢΢תЦЦضԸ˵㵨ӹ󡣡
ɫ΢΢һ䣬δӦֻǰһһ˿Ĳ
Ǳӳֵ϶ȴûɡ
ĺ⳹ǣأ
˲
Цһã˵ǰɣ
еһ˲ʱһѪۣ۾֡
ȴɵ˼ûС
ߵת棬رֻµ֡
󣬵ѪҺɽơͨ˳
˶ʱһ󰧺
߱˳嶯಻ˣʲôҲ˲ˡ
ĿԺпһܣ¿Ȧ˹ȥ
Ǻ¿ڳԲݣ˹ߵ˹ſ죬ŲӶߡؽ
վ¿ȦԣĿһһɨÿһϸڡ
Ժ˹ͷʹѡ
˶ȴԼ˫˫Ŷ

һԴϲഫϤȥȻ֡
ߣ̰գǹٸˣײ㣬ҵģ㳤ÿϲ
㣬ȴ俴ɽŮӣԼϣڽһ֪
֣ôˣ
ʵϴʱҵĶЦݣվ⿪Լ´Ȼˣֵ﹩á
ش࣬һûӣΪƸͬǸĸЩ
ûҪھǣ˭ô˵ضҪ
ڱţֽģûа
ֽ¶ǸСĿĶ߹ŪŪ
ҧĿҹ֮ء
ַЦߵǰΪԵõͦȰʵ㣬˵׼ˣٷԡ
࿴ǶĵĶԽԽҲ޿̣۾ŭߣҲ㣡
δ䣬ֻһ󰧺۾ֻڵϣʹ塣
˹ĿݣȻѾŭ
첽࣬һѽ˻
෽Ѿǿţʱˣ߻û£û¡
û˵ߵߣõָıǼ⣬Կס
Ǹ˵ģŶԿ˳
߽⿪ϵ
࿴֪ŮӣҲǰġ
Ӧ˳·ߣϢ䣬Ѿ˵档
ʱ֣γһƬ졣
ͷ¿˺Ȼ֣ڿ˹
æ䣬ߣ㿪¿˹ͽС
Ȼ¿ŲӶ˽лˡ
ߣ˲䣬̾С
Ŀڽվǰĸˣô£
߽£Ѩ
ߴٵȥǹ
ȥˡ
ͷĿѣһҪˤ
ûǱֻܷʣڳʪϡ
ؽѿںܿ˶࿴ȥȽǹͳ˶ڣֵĲ죬
ڵţü
ûһƹͷε
۵ҪС໹δܹί
߹ȥСĸ鿴һƣڻسǡ
ࣺ
ࣺȴǣǹô
ߵʣ
΢ġ
ڵһ֣ߣ
վᵶȥ
ֱѨˡ
ű±ߣӣȼеýģ⻰ʱһ亹
߽ѨæܣһתͼԼĸվſڡ
ᣬίףصǻģףɱǣֶۡ
ܳûһԭء
ߵǰµؼٴϢţк̶ףվʲôôǷң
ˣͬøһϲģҪˣ㻹վ￴ţú
éǰ˶󴦵Ѫͬһȴͬһ㣬˷ֺ
࿴ĸȻˣˣ㼸⣬ʵ˾ͷŹ㡣
߿࣬ü
ַ·ץס˾ݣæ˵˵
ࣺʿʲô
ֻ֣֪֪ĵˡ
ָ̧˵ˣѵ֪ǹˣ
ŵ촽治֪Ҽģʱڽܣֻһ㱡ɴˣײң˵׷ҾҾͰŪˣԼôļҵС͵鱻ˡ
߶һۣںδ
ֵ롭ˣڳڡڡڳԺ
ü񣬵ܹ
֣û˺ǣֻǸӣǵĶӸ
ࣺأ
亹ˣŪģûϵ
࿴ߣƽˣɡ
һĲҽ˽յĳԺ˸ϵ
߶ر࣬뼸˵ҸطɣعܡϵŮӴرԺŵùĴҽΡ
ȡ壬ȥ̣ƹȥҡ
ӹ壬ȥˡ
߻ȥҡ
û
ͷѾ˹ȥ


16 
ƹһˣõĴϺõĲҩһźˡ
෴Ÿȣòˣȴһֱûۡ
߰æҹߣҹۡ
ſ߸ӣ
ֶ˽һۿڴߣ֣ô
ֶ߹ѹˣǲϵҶһһȥˣȷʧ
ûͷԺأ
ֶشˣ䱸ɭϣ޷Ҫ
Ӧȳȥɡ
ʲôᡭ
˻ûеһ
߿СĴյǰˡ
죬ȴû
߸գ֪˯졣
ࣺ
֪ȥ
ֶ˵ˣ͸߳׼Щ
ֶȥˣ΢΢̧֣סߵ䣬ڷɤмһ֣ˮ

ߺˮߵߣ߸Цˡ
ͷûģҹˣ˾ҡ
ˮɤںЩɻشϣ˿ƣجΣħһһΪĻǻҸŪʪˣԼôˡҵ㣬ԹĻˮҪһտڣˡ
ָ˱ˮӦձȥ󡣡
෭˸Լʹɤӣ˻˵ʲôӣ
߰ˮ˵
˱ӣֶϲ鷿еҵģӣˣʧ˵ϸճ
۾΢ǲץˣ
ҡҡͷֻǸӣû֤ݣֶܳһݣֽӷ˻ȥûоϲġ
˼ص˵ͷԺأλ𣿺ǲй
ҡͷ
üժ¥أ
䣬ߺȻһ󡰹߹ȥ˴һֻѩ׵ĸ˽ലߡ
ϰͲչͬһ𿴣ûһƬַʲô˼
߼۾ʵдʲô
ࣺժ¥ҵһֵĵط¥ĵ£һֻһΡ
ߣأ
ࣺûˣʱֻЩ
ֽϣ˸𣬸Ӿ͹ԹԷ˳ȥҼҵպҽ㡣
ߣ¼Ҿ̻
ࣺûеģ游ĸʱͨ壬¼֪ģҪżˡ
Ҫѧġ
ŲŲλã
ѥӣˡ
ָ˴ߵ磬˯ɡ
סָ⣬һ˫Ѫ˿ۿ࣬ɫᣬգҲգǿ
ཫָϣŻۣʱϮ˯ˡ
Ժ󲡾ͺõÿˣÿɽ亣ζõĲԺɹ̫飬ܿ
ߴͷͼڱԺС԰һ԰Ϸһ󴮾Өѣҡһһεذȣʱһҳ飬Ƥһء
Сָֻڳʱģ˹ȥһԼɨˡ
̧һۣûֳ˸ѳԡ
߻߽𣿡
ϣ³һƤ߽¡
߽Ųһ٣Цߵǰյǰģ
ߴߴؽУͤʢŵ¼ҡҷ۵һ˿Ц⣬ȴɫ΢΢󿿣㿪ıƽ
߽˫ַסҡ࣬յøЩˣ߲ƣһֱ޿ɱˣ˽ϣ߽յǰһϷģЦ㵹ǽŶ㰡
ֱۣӣЩ
ȴֱôס죬һ¡
ɫ΢죬㣬۴Ц⣬˹
û׵ˣ˿촽飬üʲô
ǱĻӵסԼİ۾һѣߣҪЩƤɡ
ߣ
վҡηҪڶ䣬ȴȻһ١
˳Ŀ⿴ȥֶֻǴƵվ׵ؾڷྐྵӣĿ⾼ؿߵ֡
ࣺ
䶼͸ˣĿߡ
߲ɫһվҲߣߡ
ΪˣͷȻһʹﳤȥ
ߵһˣ۾Ǽˡ
ֻһգ۵Ĺ򣬷ϻָ˰һֻǷĸ컹ûأӰûˡ
˯һʱǻƻ衣
˸ȥߣ棺ˡ
˺üˣԼûȥݻү룬ʵڲá
ҵȵһȥȻˡ
˵үֻһˡ
ࣺ
ȥѣ;˼ֶ
ֶһЦݣҪȥģ
бһۣүȥժ¥߻ʱͬ˵һ
ֶЦ΢΢üժ¥ĵϸûŪҪСġ
ࣺ޷үСҳģժ¥Ҽҵˣʲô¡
ֶҪ˵ʲôȴѾҴҳš
ǡôʱ뼱Ҵ˹˻𣿡
ֶӭȥûУʲô£
λŮˡ
үļժ¥ߣ;˸Ƽңͣ˲Щƴү
ǼЦժ¥ʲôƶУӲƷѡ
Ъ˼¶Ƹ̡
޵Ӷƣ˵ϡУժ¥Ҳеġ
ʫ¥ʫԻ԰絶ϳ
ժ¥Ҳضá
һãһȥͱͷĸûʻһۡ
үЦӭ࣬۾вʣ
۵ַװҲ̫Щսͱۡ
үתͷ˿Цˣɡ
󣬿ɼ̵ժ¥еĸ輧òүֻһˡ
Цŵ꿤ЩҲûȥŰݼү÷
Ʊүʾ⣬һ¡
ЦƵããķɡ
̽ȥضү˼ۣҵ˵ˣүھʱ¥ĲؾƶҪǺȿˣඨҪүȸˡ
˭Ҳûϵϵֻ˰ɣͿɿɫ
վǹﴲǰʴ򣺡˿̿ʻ
ʣʱҪ̫ˡ
ֶ˳ȥŹϣ߿ŴŵЩ𣿡
ǹĿ￴һȦû˵
ߣ㿴ʲô
վҵĹӡ
ߣ£㡣
ǡǡ
ﵱģĸѾ¡
ǹۿʪˣҧһҪ˿ȴں⣺ȥɱǡҪɱǡ
ֶ£԰ЩԿɼǡ
߼ſڣ֪֪Ժ
ǹϸϸһع۲ߣɫƽûаƺҲûж⣬˵ͷ
ߣ֪ɷͬ˵˵
Ժ
ǹĿ㱣Ҫһȥ𣿡
ֶûҪȥֻЩ£֮ȥǶܡ
Ժ
ǴԺӳģǹ˵԰ȥʮˣһ ͷʲôģ
΢΢һ
ԺǸܴĵطɽ֣кȦǸ߸ߵΧǽ
ͷֻԺ۴֪ʲôġ
ͷ˶ǱģŮУʲô͵ĶУһģǹС˵ʮ֮ò
ȥŮר˽ϰʫȿγֻ̣һ֣ҪѧĶܶ࣬ר˽̴ϵĹЩɫģᱻ̵̣öһǰ˵ϲһ
ڻѡˣѡеĻᱻԺûٻʮȴûѡеģҲᱻȥûٻ
Ƕ֪ûѡбȥʲô³Ӳһ
ԺֽϣѾʮˣʼûѡ֪Լˣʶƴ˳ҲãȻͶ˿أҲã֡
ߵ֪Ժ˭
ҡͷû֪ÿѡ˵Ķ߻֣ǿ
üЩʲôѰģ紩š̸¡
Ѿˣǿž˼û
ֶ˰Σ̾˿ʲʲôˡ
ߵ˵ͷתдɡ
߳ŲٿȻһ٣Ȼ˿ڣҼСʱһؼһϴ˸ָīɫϱ߿׶Ĵʮִ񡣡
һȻֶ㷽˵ȥ˭
ֶǾǡү
꿤ΨһʸçƵģֻү
תתĴָϵḭָ̄һ͸࣬һ˿â
Цļ磬࣬㶼쵽֮꣬ûˣ
ĿЩٻЩ⣬ûУ
˸˾ƣ㲻㰢Ｑ꿤˽ܵ飬òʤģ㡣
æҡͷүңҿɲ˹ţүǲ֪ҵ׺ʲôģͬ˵
սߣСҵЩµ˽Ǯһ
үЦ̾мŮӣȢҲԸš
ҡͷûӣҲȲɣķҲˣҲ̫ȤЩвС
ү΢תȢȢͣɻûȢޡȻԻЩ
΢΢̧֣ժ¥ûڶ࣬ϲģܴߡ
˵䣬ſڿһȺε
û̫£ٱƣЦྴү
ͬ״Ҳ˵Ҷ˴£ǻȮӡ
վƱ΢΢һܿ죬˰֣Ц߲У˴Ҳÿȥվһվǰôƣһ
һ˿⣺Ŷ˵˸ӡ
ࡰ͡һˣЦ˺һŵҵʱҲͬһأǺڵҲǵùһȺ嵨Ľˣʰˣȥ˸͡
̸Ͼƣǳǳ˿ڣŶˣ
׼ⰸʲô˼תתҲֻ˵еĵطˡ
һھƣ˵Щ£ֵصҲǸͿģԼϽؽôһ֪
฽
ǰЩδ˻ͬ˵£ȥˣϾȻûǻˡ
վźʹ˸ɫظơ
ɫ죬Ȼš
Σ
ࣺǻ˵վѺͳˡ
⡭ⲻϰ참̰ɣ
ɨƤʹţ˫ﲻ֪ʲôЦĶ참ҪʲộصǸˣҴǶ˲ٺö
͵һЩǮƵĲݰˡ
࿴±ߵĸ裬װû
һȻһ㶣ȺһͼȺŮһŮʮ졣
۹ãүҡҡӣʹ˸㶮ҶɫŮЩӲŵ꿤˲˵ۣ˼ҽԺãҲû˭мӡ
ɻ󣬿ȴûʲôʮϡŮӣҡҡͷЦү֪ΪŮӣҴð²
ү£
ཫȥ˵ˣСҪֻܸЩǮȥˡ
ӲúܣҼСʱһˤҲûʲô£үʧЦļ磬ﲻ꿤
˿Ъˣһ迴գǹүй񣬿࣬Цӣּˡ
û࿿п۾Ƭ̣ĳȻԵһɡ
Լժ¥ȥһ·¥ϱȥ׷Ҳ׷ϡ
һƿ˴ţûӰֻмڴɨЩֵؿ˹
߻ս֣үأ
ЦүѾˡ
ߣͬλأ
ƣСĿɲ֪


17 
¥ĿͷļվסҸ轿Цŷ
ˤĽ۾Щܵغߺ
Ҹغţߵߣڴأ´Ҹźӡ
ģƿûƵģˤȥ
Ҹ´ֻ½ȻҪӺȻ˻Σţε˴ϡ
ӽ߳һժ¥ѵ꣬ߵߣӡ
Ӵ˿û⡣
Լ´˿ҺʧװҪǱǴ׾֪ˡ
վл´硣
ƹĴӡ
²æСĲҡ
˼ؿϵŮӣҲ̫Щ꿤
²׵ǹɺϣͱȻз
˵ͷ²ףչˣ
²һ㶣ҽ񳿸Ӵ飬Ӧõ˰
໺ָڣ˽ˣҲ޷Ҳá
²ɫ΢䣬ΪӿţʲôҲ֪͸ү磬Һù¡
һʲô˼
²ףҹ͵Ϣǡ硯ӡ
Сġӣժ¥ҹȻʮ֣硢費Ϣ貵ƻ׹ͬ꿤һҹ顣
ڸѾˡ
໻ժ¥Ƶѣ²һ·ߣ¥以ͨķţ²׽˰
Ҫθң²׵ǹ˵©죬үͬǺйأǹӣҲһ
ġ
Ͻǵĸ¥ͷɧڶʫƣΪţ㣬ϿһƬƽ
²Ỵ̈˽ȣŮæҡ
ʲô
²׽Ųһ١
²תǰ൲󣬵ع£Ǹ¥ࡣ
ͷǹΪϵߣղйͣ
²Ӧǣݴǰߣһ˵Ľ䣬Ĵ˿һշ
²׵һۿ˻ժ¥˶ߣֻͨУҾͲ֪ˣȥŪƹʱǾܸߣǾ
ͷ
²׳ȥˣЩΪܻῴĳҲΪСʱԼֶү
źȾʱ;Щʵ֣ڿ׻
²׻úܿ죬ѡߺƣЩѾʱˣҪʼˡ
û໰ѣƹҺá
²ߵſڣŴһ϶üһдߵ˴ſھ
͸ŷͶĹ⿴ǽͯߣֻɭɭѩ׵ϹճЦݹ죬ڵī˫ۣѪɰȾҹժ¥˱
²׵ӣ߰ɡ
˴ߣţ˶ĩ
˰ӣһصĳվڶĩ͵͵̧۹۲죬ֻţȴûˡѾõĴСһĽȣøӿţͷģ
ߵ߹ȥǳϰմ˲ˣܿ죬࣬ʮˣʮ̲ˡ
ӳ߸һŮжŵǾˮ㻹зʳ
ǣһмʮˣȻûУɼ֮ϸ
˵һѣģɫãǼҵֳɫټ
Ѹǵʵʵ֪װʲôƿûҶǸĿջЩ壬Լе˵׼ҲĶ̲סһġ
ǰ߳²ͣˣ˾
һǰҹߡ彣һһǵơ
ܿ͵˳²׺ࡣ
һѺѧǰЩ˵ģĿбӡ
ģǷŽȥˡ
΢˿
һź󣬾ˣǰһĿȣԼף˰ɫ̺˵̺û裬ܾ۾ڿǣֹһ˫һ·С
û˿졣
ܿ죬ȾͷӦſͬվˣūߡ

ԽڿǣԽԽжදû²׾»Ŀܣжˡ
̲飬ֵһǰſˣ߿ռܴȴֻһŴԲѾſûжˡ
ǡ硱ĵطˡ
ǰߵһ˿ʼνж˵ĲƷϣƿӣ˵һԡ
̿ȡ
ߺɨϯŮ廨ŵߣֻסԼôǷԡ
תۼϲʳѰ˴룬²׽еӷϣ˵һߣ͵ࡣ
ϲƷڷŶн̾ԼӦýѷģλıϣ˹ȥСĽѴȡ£ɷϣĿȴ΢λϣûüע⣬ֻһϳү
ȹƣ任ѣ˴׵طֱ̬ϸڣүֱŵģϲġ
о𣬿ҲֻڴϢ֮䣬̣ͷҪ˿Ÿն˶ȴȻһݡ
ȡӡ
ϸɫȡߣȴƼеĶ
һֻ΢ӤС֣Ϻɫڰ峺׵ϱ߻Ʈ˶̵ľ
Ϣˣ˵˳²ԡ
žЩŮζ˾ˮȡ
Уû˿죬Χߵ˶ţȴоȻʮϡ
ֻñϰڷŵĲƷȫڷᣬŻ£ζƮ˹ѹֶȥĿ
һʵӤ硣
мľ޴һӤȫֺֺɫͷŷ۾Χʮ־µĵˣһӤڻ˯һ㡣
ʮĸӻŵöĸηλλĲƷը󳴡
¿ˣǵóȥˡǽСߣ⾪Źš
űϣһԭ·ء
ӣȣŸҴһ
ҹǸҹǺԺ㴵ȣɻⲻֺܷ
Ϸ·Ҳմ㣬һֱǸǰǸСݣҲ̲סŻ˳
²Ҳܣߴٵӣÿȥˡ
Ҳ֪
ٻѣ뿪ժ¥ˣڱ꿤üǣ
²ףӷģɽϰ䣬꿤ûжϵҡ
ų²׳Ͻ¥ӭ԰
ͨƵүŵķߣ¥ϡ
һתǣȻסһԵǽͷŻ
нŲһٻͷۿȴȻһ졣
촽ŲСߣҷſˡ
üסļ磬˴꣬ȥ˵
ҵûȥѣһװҵңŪ㶯
ߣ
ߵͷá
ǺŮûѣҲûһ¡
໻ѣһźȻһƿ
ߴ˽
ſм̽ͷ̽ΧۣĿؿ۴ϵŮӣֱӳȻȻˣһؼҡ
ࣺ
߳߸ɴֱӰ˼ϣһ·¥˲˺ؿ£ûˡ
һޣıˮڣ㿴ʲôˣôµô
ԺſµôƶˣθѾûжˣɻֹסѾʱˡ
ֶ˴ҴҸϻ£˼룬Ż¸ûôǿˣȴֿʼޡ
ڴ϶գƲסشβ䣬޵һûУȴգ۾ʪͷ
ʧ˻ˡ
СǲǸȥ￴
ֶ
ֶӲ񡣡
ۻˣֻܲϸᣬء
˵˲֪ٱ飬˷Ӧ͵ͽߡ
˫γ˿д˿־塣
ҿ˺硣
߽§˻ƽϾʲôҲˡ
໺ս֣ɰ߬ģ
ҹɫԺֻķ˵ơ
ֶ˶ˣȴʮ˵Ǻ磬ͷƤ飬ԼԼԵİӣмȥ˼ء
ɫãˣֶ˻ȥˡ
Ь˴ӻȡһɰŽС
෴Ӧٻؿ˿ʲôƽ
ۣү֪ȥˣҲµͷϡ
߳˱ϣأʲôҲ¡
ࣺҵøдš
פصȷʵԶ
˼Ƭ̣Ѵ䣬ȵȵϢ
ࡰšƬֵ̣ǻϵĻ壬ûûݣû
ߣƾż仭˼ŮӵĻһͬسˡ
кر𣿡
򴽣رһҴǰɵС檡
ࣺ
Ժ˳Ƕ͵˳СԱĺԺǺʵǲ롣
Ѿûȥˣ˱߻˯ˡ
Ǹɰ߬ģӣһ˯úܳʱѾˡ
ȻǴ죬չ˽Ҳ΢˵㡣
ţ룬ˣЦӣ˳ȥˣ˷ڳ
಻ԣθҲûС
뿴˼ְ࣬˺üŰô롣
Ŵܵ˳ڹҵࡣ
ͷһ³ֵ
Сһ˫ţڱǼᣬǳǳһСڡ
ճȻǡ
򴽣СϣŹ࣬ȵθ࣬üţͬ⣬Ժͬסһȡ
꣬˲죬ߵԺУֳûĻӿ
ûȥЦӣɺúȣ
ԱˣָЩҡػ˻ΣеҼҷģȻóԡ
ûס͡ЦڣſںȻˣӹȥ
දٿȻһ٣롣
ҡҡͷ˽ҿ㣬Щ춼Ժ
һ˵ͷûʣɻҡϡ
ȥһˣЩӾͳƲɡ
һֻҳϣȴֻҪһ󣬾ͻȥ
꿤ү˵Ҳһֻĵ
̧𣬴յߣᴵһ¡
ᣬˡ
ҵøдš
Ժ
䱸ɭϣǸϢǱȥ
ϲУҲֻˮ·
˵Ժһ޴ĺǻˮ
ȻǻˮһеطǱȥ
ֶˮ̽ͷڴϢ±ҲţӸңٽҵĵҡ
ǾԺԶһҰɣӲݴʮΡ
߽ѣҺ㽻
ϰֶڣȤΰȴû뵽±Ǹ
⻰һ˶Ц
߻۾˭±Ǹ
˭һԵĲЦȻӡ
۵лǿ˭
˵Цһ󣬼ֶһһǱ˽ȥ
ˮʻǣֶѲϣ϶ʼת
ʪ½ս
ȵʵǱﲻסˣ˻ȥˮ档
ˮ
ֶѾ䲻٣תʡ
ؼΣסȥ·ڱ˽Ŀ϶
ߵҺͼֶˮԺãȽȥ̽һʱûֱӴ䡣
Ǹ϶ͽԺ
ˮһ£ϸ۲ܣΧûˣ˰
Ȼͬ˵ռغܴ󣬵Ѳ߽ܣûܵĿܡ
ϰͼŮ߹ϴ޳У볤Ů͹Ҳûʲô˶ϣֶ̾ɫ㡣
һ߹Ϣأһһĩϵ˲ݴʱε˶顣
Ժ̨ͤ¥棬ʮݻ˸ͼǱһߴķ䡣
˵סĵطû˽ȥҪ
ûˣֶһۣͷҡ
ǶܽãҲûʲôõġ
˶Ȼһ٣һۣһ㣬Ϣ˷ϡ
һ˲űƿˡ
ȴһʮꡣ
С̽ͷȥ˿Ĺţͬһڷз
ĶȻңм־֣һ߷һ߾Ķ
üȻ΢
˹ˡ
Ų΢أǸˡӲԼôǸŮӡ·ܣѾ쵽ſڡ
ߴǮȡһСӣ׼ϡ
ŵһžſڵ춯
ҵĴȴûҵأֶأһһ죬
ʱűƿˡ
һʮĸˣ΢֣̱ʮ
ݺԼﱻĺۼ̾Ĵȥ
ϣֶ˰
꾪֣γ۾ɵԲĿⲻ±Ǹǻȴҷ˿춯
߿ŷ︾˵ĶֻһȦûˣ㼱Ҵߵңתͷ̨ͷһ
ԼǷֶûʰ˱Ūҵκӣûȥ׷ڷͷױֳȥˡ
ûȥȷԶˣȥ
ȥ鿴񣬼ֶſ꣬һ˼ǲǸڰ
ŵ㣬СǡǲǴˣǴ˾Ͳҡ
ֶ۵ʲô
꣺͵͵
ֶͣ͵ʲô
Ǻ͵ӡ
ֶ
ǰһᣬϲǱҪϸ࣬Ҫ٣ϸÿ˵¾䡣
߹Щ˵Ϣ
ǲɽׯˣôģŵӣĿİСܡܷҳȥ
ֶûߵԿ˿ֱӴߣ
ҡҡͷǻݾߡ
ҲֻǴƶɽׯйأɲ֤ݡ
ֶܳһݡ
̧
ֶͷ
ҡܱһƵ
˼Ƭ̣ƹֶҪʲô
һָһӡ
ֶæˣɣ
ȴǽӵ˹ȥ
ӹӿԼôһӣͽӷˡ
ֶ㵱ˣ
ϲӵݸֱſĬһҳֺ
Ǹš
ǴҳȥЩҸĬ
ߣڲܴȥ
ЩˣΪʲô
ߣٵϼգͬЩһץһȥԹӣߣԺҪزء
겻Щ¶˻ǡٵȵҲУüŰӸҡ
ģ˾ɵɵӣֶ̲סҪôʲô
ЩصͷͬԺҪȥһӵġ
ֶ
߽ԭ˻ȥʲô
ҽݱơ
˳ȥǱ˺˳·˻ȥ
ֶѣˣΪꣿ
߹𴽣ЩСʱ˫۾㲻ƭˡ
Сʱʱƭ׽Ūһ۾ܿϹĵΪ˺˰ˡ
ֶģҾȵҹݱƲãֱȥ͵


18 
߻ʱԺιӣ⣬űպࡣ
ཫеĹڵϣůļչ³Цͬ
ߺȻˣ˵ʮʮ꣬ǧ꣬ɢˣһڵࡣ
Цݣ˹ȥ
ߵǰսʵʲô£
£Σ
߲֪ʲô˼Ƭ̣˵ƾЩҸ϶
۾ȥãｨۡһס
ߣ
߻սָڣֱֱ࣬࣬ҡ
໺ü㲻Ը
ٿȻ͸дš
һ㶣׷ݣдʲô
߽ȵϣպī۲תЦ⣬ָҵҪɼˣ׼ۡҪȥסˡ
ࣺ
ץסıʣǺͬ˵Щˡ
ߣҲ
ʢЦ⣬ͷ
ߴյǰǼıǼ⣬Щ̵
ཫţ΢΢ͷЦ⡣
ҧסţɢϡ
ġֽɢأϣзһһΡ
Ѵֻ¶һͬϣϣǿҧǰ
ûأԺʱ˽˶û⣬һ̰
˫㹭һ£ҵĿнƳᡣ
ûд󿪴ϣ棬鶯
̧ϸϸŵ֣˲۽ǵᣬȮҧ
ͻһЩй̧ͷָ࣬βһ£С
ȴˣҧסͷൽһԡ
߳ض˽ȥײλá
Ʋסͷ߸
ߣвС
ҵĿһʱ˵ҧֱҡͷ
ضһ£ӵرʵвУ
ˮһڴϢԽԽأԽԽĶӱڵԶжҪ𷿣Ժʼû˽
߽౧ڴϣѹȥ
ྱѣ°ָֻ˻顣
˱۾ʴǵĿУãĶ࣬Ҫˡ
¶飬ʹţȥɡ
ߡšŴػ
һ˲ﱻһֻסˡ
ߣ
ͷ۵ʹţ૽е
Ҫˣ㿪
û㿪Ǵ˹ſ˴סĶˡ
Ȼۣͷ࣬ͬʱƲסӿ
ȸߴߴУֻʹס̱ڴϣʧشڴϢ
߿˹˫۱סı۾
һһĴﻹζһƬ㡣
û˵оĵģ˾š
ֶҹŻأȻǱᡣ
˿ݱƸƭˡ
߷ҳͷβһ飬ֺ
չҾϲǷ¼ԼԼ͵͵µġ
Ҳ˵ͷͷֶЩӶԺĶ
ǲӱͻ˳;٣ͳȥġ
Щ಻ܳţʵڱûţԺץжǴܡ
߻ʱƼڵ棬ЩЦۡ
Աߣæһ
ûжݡ
౻ڴϣɴ۾Ϣˣ
ߣЩʱա
ࣺ
̱ڴϣȻȤس
£ͬһŷسʲô
໹ûǰڳÿﶼȥȺȾƣĶǮСʲôģȻ;Ȼζˡ
һߵֱԺ󣬵֪
ߴչһڣôسǸڶ󣬶档
ϵĿˮߵҲŲôƣʲôãۡ
ˣ
Ц㵹˵˵ʲôˣ
һȥ̲סЦ
Ц߶㣬ӲҰʲôľʲôġ
˿û飬ǡôЦúܻ𣿡
౻£ҲֻܲܺҶ㡣
Ц۽ǶЦˡסߵĲЦģ磬ˣǳһˡ
Ҳ䣬˿ûע⵽ɫ
ȷӦʱĴѾסˣ£˫Ȼߵ
˳Ա󣬺ڴЪϢ
ṴŴұ𣿡
۾͵ʹϢţϻûʣϸϸ֡
̲סϣļѣˣٱҡ
ֻٺԼ䣬ȴֽȥˡ
һһߺţ૵Сһ𳤴ҴδһջһŴ⵵¡
ߵʱ
౻Цˣ΢΢򦴦
̵ġ
΢΢ͷĲʪ⹴ĺᣬ̽ҵĺ
Լôڱ¡
ֱߵļͷˡ
סִ̫ͦˣسҪҹҹȥ㡣
ҧĺᣬͼһ˫ǵǳٵſ͵شϢţֻǴϢļҲͷ˴롣
֪ʣʲô
ʲô߷ѹ£̧ȣҹҹɰ
Ǽֶ򿪵ĵ
ֽֽϸţʯͷףһգÿһš
ݱƴġ
һʡʲôʱǳȥ
ڶ˵Ժ˼ˣһˣͬ˵
ձ˵ϸ֡䣬硣˵Ǻܿǰǡ
գ˵˱ȥˣк졣
û˴Ҳ֪Щ᲻ᱻÿ˿Ȼÿ֪ͨѶϢ
ǵա
ֶ⿪Ͳ¹⿴ֽϵ֣дţҹԺЩңִһҹѾ֪й¶ҾʮˣȥˣҪسŵǶȥ
ֶһ
ҴʧҹɫС
磬ϯĶ꿤СԱٽױĲ
үλƿˣһ˿â
бλϣŮԣһظ磬һϸϸȡƱЦЦǲ
ߵ𴽣Ŀϯɫɨү΢΢۾үĳŶԡ
⻰һ䣬ϯʱһֻ˿˵ˮ˵ǰȴ͡
ϯһ˵ļžү˷ӦĵתתƱ˻⣿
߽ŮӸľڵϣµһͬʲôϵүҹժ¥ʱѾˣȴˣѵǲ棿
үһЦ
Ƽˣȴû룬ڳʱǻ첻ߵӰӣյϢûἰ¡
ˣүһۣԸ£ѡ
ˣ߿бϣ̧Լĺ󾱣һɵģүлֱ˵ǡ
үֱ۳ϥͷ΢΢ǰ㣬Ƥӵ̧һ˫ۺ١۰׶ۣضߣҹժ¥Ѱ࣬ʲôˣ
ԭ¡
üүΪһῴʲôҵͬŮ˾
үĿûƿֵǸڵˣ˽³꿤ȻҪ꿤á
赭дڣЩѾͻسɴ´á
ү϶ûͻس´û⼸ˡ
û˵
ʹӿǰγľƣӳûʵ¥ӰƻҲӳ˷һĵâ
Σ̧ӣЦүԶ֪꣬µĴΣ
һѱϣ˿ֹˣټȻû˿
ȴ·սţԡ
ϲүֲ̧֣˲ʵϵĺ
һ󼱴ٵĽŲ⴫Ĺܼҡ
˵עĿܵλŭſ˵仰
ɫ˲ʱˡ
߿ӣܲ˦Ҵҳ˴áλһأѻȸ
еվЦݿضڳ˹˹֣ȻүҪ£ĳݻᡣ
࿴β
ֶô
Ǻ硣
ֶ
ֶûϢүǱ֪ɽׯ֣ǾͶзǾǰˡ
Ѿ֪ˡ˻Ļ
˿û°ɣ
߽ݣ£үȥɽׯˣ仹ûϢ䣬Ƚɽׯжˡ
ࣺ
ߣֻܹˡ
࿴ߣү
ףʲô£ûлϵͷûʸȥץˡ
߹𴽣ڵƻ΢ǰ࣬ҽҹصصˡ
űϣԺп
һͷĻ
һգ䣬žһƬ


19 
ݱƽҹû˯š
֪ԼֻܻˣʮԺûȥ
ճԺлᣬҪ࿴ʲôġ
ֻǿϧˡ
յû֪ǲƭԼġ
ѡ˺һȥܳȥҲǺõġ
ڴĽ˯˷˸
ݱ˳ȥ
䣬Ȼ
ԺĻãÿسȥЩȤĶ
ݱ۾磬ҹôпգ
߽§һҪΪλȥ
ݱƻסݱƲ
Ƭ̣ƶԼôҹһˣҡ
Ļû˵꣬ԺȻһŻѽԺӣ
ѸٷֿſˣһȺ˳ݱƳûȥ
룬Լôйء
ûʲô𣬱Ҳ̹Ȼˡ
Ժ˶ۼڱԺǰĿյϣֹǰ棬 вסؿͷģѪһء
Щߵ˽ǽΧţλһˣšɫüһۣϷеĲܲ١
ݱƹȺУֱ߿ͷĵˣūū
˵Щ֣ǿѹɤһ
Ϊβϱ
ֵūÿն鿴ǷūóʱŲ̽ѲɽׯΪΪ
Ϊδ£֪ϵ˴붼ˣ
ۿɼķŵû˵
Ҷ˶䣬Ҹôл㣿
ݱ۾Ȼɴֻ˵Ļ䣬ֵͷ˲ɣȴû
û˸ҿҴϢֻɳɳص
Ǵߵվʬ߹һһеˣ˭֪Ǻᣬһ
¹һƬž
Ⱥǰû˵㶼ɱˡ
ݱһȫһƬ䡣
Ժ˶ǴС»Ѳ黤һ䡣
ɱϰ
˳ǣ۾΢΢̧ͷ
ɻûȺдһϤ
С֪С֪˭
ݱƽŲӿ˹ȥֻϥǰߵ׵ݱƣݱ
һƬžƺµøˣһƬʲôҲˣֱͦתͷָԼ
˳۽޻䣬ݱƶǳǳЦһ¡
дŵ߹վ
ֱ۱˴ֱؿסıǰ
ҹҰǰҲû˯þ
뿴һ۱ԺǽľɫҲûˡ
᣿ǰʵ
ݱſڣǡ
շƿ϶Ϯ
סֱ۵һգݺ˵ϡ
̵̧ͷȥֻӰֱֱǰ˹ȥ˶ȥˡ
ϳЩˣмǱĶˡ
Լˣ̫ˣ㹦ҲתʲôܿЩߵĻͽΧƽ
ǰ˺Ȼ̧̧֣վȺߣôĵӡ
һϮ£ĿУֱվҹУѪɫԵڻ䡣
ĳһܴ󡣡
᣿
ΣתǰǰϮֱ˶ȥ
߰ߣһ竣˵׼ܵøգҡҡͷϧˡ
⽣ӰҹѾˣ˿û⡣
˿ϧʲô
ϧ΢΢ͷҪˡ
˱ƵòˣѾ˱Ժţ߱޿ɱܡ
ҹɫݱƸоǳ࿡ǷӿԼһۣ˵߰ɡ
ӵϳֻҹӰУһԺš
ɴ۾ɽׯγѰ㣬׷ſȥ
ݱƻֻĴŻƿꡣ
ûйȥŲӵϼһѳϢߵ
ɱ˭ҳȥɱ
ܻߣ߳꿤
Ѿ˵ϣϱһɼǡѪ˳°ڵεδ
ֶվ࣬Цˣܸһֵ̣ˣ
ۺЦֵˣ
ֻʣˡ
үµҪͷβ𣿡
߳¶󱲣ҲֻССԺ硣
Խˣ˱Ժţ̧֣ժߡ
̧ݣߣЦˡ
󱲣㵱һ
Цʳͯ⣬Ժ󱲣ô˵
㶮ʲǫ֮̂ϣ͵Ǳ֮صʮ֪ιģ
Ǳ֮أ߼үıɣ
ıЦ̨ףͬһǻλҵģǷﲻãҾͲܵ꿤˵ⶼ࣡
һͷЦЦɥĲˣȻҲλ
꽫ϵѪˢɾ̧𵶣ֱָգ߱ΪϳԸҴ̺壬ʢꡣ
Զ̺壬ʢ꣡
ն˿ããҹֱȡš
ĵҧ񵲣Ѫ˳ָ£ŵ⽣ƽ
һ̺壬ʢ꣡
⽫ҹԺӿıſڽΧ
߳ͬһˡ
ɫҰףֱֱˣôԼûյϢ
壬ʵ۴ӽ̾˿׶治š
´ңæϣ˼
㵱ɣʵٿȻŭᵳӪ˽ıȨλкͯף־ܣ޴һȫʬƱ磬ɱ⣡
΢
Ǹ˿ûеʵ̫ӣȻ˵֮
־ܣˣԺ
ǰĻλǰҲȥ
³һѪƣĲ׷ȴߣһ
һתȥ
ͼ˹ҡͷ
ʵۿڵᰮ䣬㹻ˣɡ
˫ƿĻֱֱ˫ȣ쳹ҹ
⻺¹ѷϣ־ܰɡ
У֪˭¹򣬽ţԺһƬΨһ˻ţǸεСꡣ
һѶ̫صĵǰ˼
۾̧ȴ̧𵶣һڵϵš
ԺԺŴţȵѪӡ
ɫ洩ţ߲ŵػͷѪҺ˳ſʳ䣬Ʋס鴤ݱ࣬ĵƻУѪɫ԰
ʵ΢΢۾С꣬˭
ߣġ첽ܵߣվȣ߾͵ϣ仰ſǻߣǲҪˣ
ߣ
ֶ̱ڵϣЦôûǣ
߱࣬ﰲȣһǿҵϮ۾
ߣֻؿѪӿߵգ󺰣磡磡ˣ
һ̷ܹ
̽Ƭ̣ˣ̧ȥҽΡ
д䣬Լߵŷġ
Ժн֣ƹ֪Ҳ꣬Щ˹
˵أҽεʱһֱԱߣԭϾϱ鲼۽ˣɭɭ׹ǣȾѪ
Ϻ˽ĵܵܵļ磬û£㲻صǡ
ۣ˵ͷ
ϿŴϵߣ޵ȻӢ۳꣬ᰮˣҶҪú
תͷ࣬ƤҲ˲ٹ˵ɣҪʲôλǮƶС
æϣⲻס
ʵ̧̧֣죬ʹɫ
࿴˿ϵߣǻʹͣ˳ǰǴۡɡ
⣺
ʵۺһۣʵֻҪһۡҼǵǴۡ󡣡
ͷֻҪһۡ
ʵЦǾˣͻƽ
л
ڶյ꿤ֶδ꿤СԱ
ͬȥأϵô䣬һӭǰ˲֪С˵㱻Ū
ҲбµģȻ
Ǽأ
⡭Ҳ֪ҽʡ
ࣺ
䣺
˱ᣬæиë˵λĻȥ˸ӣϵļ˼һȥһҲ֪
ǸʮˣΪϸ糾ȴúʮֶƢü䡣
Ҫ뿪ʱһߣʵλ˭
࿴˿ƷٷĴ䣬ЩͬؿۺǴִˡ
󡭡󡭡
Զȥһ˵ϣžȥˣ䡭
ղѣʱԱ߶жͷΪ档
ûô
ಱЩˣ̧ͷ˻β⿴ߣĿٿȻһ١
յǰüۼ価Ц⣺ߣΪʻҪǸۡԼסˡ
٩Ҫʧˡ


20 
գ
ŴС첽ĽŲүˣôЩ
ȣյڴϹ䣬ӹá

ӻ
Ҫ׷ʣȴӽŲһ١
˳ŹӵĿ⿴ȥֻҶүڽͷͬһ˵Ц
СɫĬĬ˺
Ӻ£
΢΢һ㶣ѰȥֻССӱֱǽߣ°ͣаŰȡ
ѩɫУ˭ס
һ£۾еࡣ
ЦЦؿȻˡ
ûͬ˵˼ֱתȥ
æ׷ȥ࣬ȵҡ
ԽԽͷҲûأ
ŲӣװԼڣϻյԼϡ
ۿЩʲôˣ

Ͱṻˣ֣ЩµƷž˵أõסߵ·
߿࣬ϵĶаգֻһһӵϼ
ҹ﹬磬ٹټҾ졣
氢ڹſߣվںү󣬳գգ۾
ƿĿ⣬ñɫصǰסߵߡ
˵һۣȻûÿ
ϯϸƽϵ˷Ų;ϯ಻󰮿ϷˣҲ˴ȥͷ͸
԰һƬľ˴طˣȴȻ
ķ϶ȥҪȴ˰ס˼硣
̧ͷߡ
߶˸ƣͬһ𿴹ȥ
԰ŵ㹻
ֻͬһ԰ɢ˵Ц
Ǹ꣬ݣЦʮֺÿͬ˵
ݱơ
֪ݱƽˣ⻹ǵһ 
˼Ƭ̣ٿȥʱȴͣˡ
Զ˵ʲôֻ֣ƺǣ֣ȴ㿪ˡ
ݱƽ˫ֱƺЩ̧Ӻͻϲ֪˵ʲôЦԴ˾һԶˡ
̾˿ԸûǸ˼
ݱ˼ƣʺϰݡ
û𻰣£ǣס֣Щίʲôң֪Ҷû˼ˣ
䵭ͬʲôϵ
ߴӻȡһ
ͷ˿һɰ
ϱöɫŤŤֻСѼӡ
ЩĿɰ
ⲻǳ̧֣ߣ֪ʵʲô
Ǹ§סļ磬չȥǳǳĴ˵˻سСѼӡ
۵һ˿Ц⣺ģ
š
˵ʧڴ䣬˵ĽǣɲʱһӲԶ࣬ģ
Ǽñ
Щܣľѣһûˡ
ҲǹˣΪͬ˵˵Ĺϵ󣬷ԵĻǲˣϲ˵ûʲôñֱùӰȥˡ
ƽñ˵Ļزô˵˵ͨͷţҲǲһȥһΣһΡ
ñҪҹˣֻɰϸŽһڣɸ磬ˡ
ߣ
ѽڣҲһ֣˲پƣҡҡλλүԺӣӣ˫˫§ճ˯ȥİëΧӣת˼Ȧõسһ̣
ҹɫŨͥһӰӷԾ£ƿš

˯оѣʱ̧סĲӦеǡ
Ѿȥ˫ȱ˿ڼϣ֨ѽһΣץµıӣ³ˣֻǿŲг
˯ѣԺӷжеӣзԸ
һǿѹסϢû£˯ȥɡ
ûߣԼѣͷˮˡ
ࣺ
߿ŵˣȴûзŻ˼žžԽԽ
ˣȴĪӸУҵĿȫԱر۾
ҺҲûن£ֻءϡ˯ˡ
ڣ˵ӰӳǽϣǱڼϵһһΡ
ؿߣҵôģ
߸Ĵ༱ٵشϢţշת࣬ҹ£ȥ͵͵㡣
һζ͵

صС˵www.27txt.La ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ