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1
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С̶﷢࣬ղźĲҲ˵׼˸׿ԽСӣһ˵õȮ죬Ȯ/Ȧռ̣첲šȣ
ү£ܡܻΪүסһ㡣
ϲŹսŲǣ׾Ų˺ð죬һңһͰ͵ֽү㿴ǵ
С̶Щϲҿʲô
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С̶
˳ϲָһۣǡľаܣرƣݶ˼ϼգίȫشСɢɹԡ
С̶ɰͰ͵ϲȿǰ

ǽɢ˵ÿȭͷǿһӰٷ
ϲͰ͵ֽԼС̶аǵȫҡ
ǽǣɬͿ糱ˮӿҪС̶û
̽ץֵ룬еۺ㣬ʳ
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Σ⵽в͹һʳϵͳ󶨳ɹ
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ЯֲϼʢĲ͹ݣ
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ͣƬ̣һ͸ĻС̶ǰ
С̶
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׿ԽԽˣȫ˶Բԣ
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3
С̶ĿԽԽ䡣
׿߾ֽģͻȻһĮӰʵĵӣĿ룬̬ʱбһƳ۵ǲмĳ
ɽĺӣȫĿĽ㡣
С̶ʵ̫ˣŶĵزôŬóʮٱʱУҲٳٲͻ֮ϣܸӦ
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ȫҫ۵ĺӣճȫĵķʮǰ޲п˵С̶ǸĴȫ¶档
һǹ׶ۣС̶ڵѹʯᱻ飬ùʽ򣬷·С̶Ǹˣһƶùɢմһմ޾˥ˣЩ˵ʡ
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ŵڣС̶ĵΪԼ߳һκ۳ָԽԽԽԽɫ˵ֱȥ

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С̶¾ģԼҲҵȫ
Ҫ͹ݣҪأֲޣ½ܳӣϼʢׯ԰

С̶Ĳ͹ϣˮɽֵԣһƻֺĸۡ
ľţ̴ңһɷġס֣òɡ
׿ʧߵǰӶǷŵǹݼǻɢϸĿڸи˻ζڳӯһȼյС¯Сţɫա
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ƻƣӳͯŲգཱུгĹܵںһƤ𪣬촽ȴͶǳİ׹⣬Ӱϵϸ
㲻Ҫɽˡͯ¶첻ãҪʲôá
׿ﾪ㵵̧ͷŵĹ⡣
ǵģץסͯĿȣ㿴Ѿͻ֮ˣҿˣ϶ܰæɽɣ
ͯЦ֮ϣֶ˵ô
׿ҵصͷּҵҡͷܵ׿ճ֮ϣС壬ǰ׼ȫµĽϣ׿Ҳǰ׼ҵĶӰȻʱȲϵܵܣȴҲһֱֹͣŬ
ƿ谭еǶǽɽ˵ҲܸޣǾϿׯˡ
ֻٵͼĹҲ¢ɼ
ҪУڡ
ҵɽұɽ
׿ɬܵʹɽɣһȫȫ㣬϶Ҳⲻ˶иԼ֪֪׵Ų𣿡
ͯ˦֣ˮת븮δɤҹɫƮУ̫ˣѪҶࡣ
һڼӰ׿ͷٿӿյ糺졣
СӴӵ͵𣬼󺰣磡
Ӧǡ顱һ죬츮ǰؿϣľźأ
׿Ĭվڸ⡣
ҹˮƷС̯Ѿߡû˸Ұ׸Сү鷳ֻԼڿˮҹɫδæȥˡ
˺ܾã׿ǿѹŭ
ܣҲûʸڰǰŭ
ڱȥԼڣ۵ţãֻҪԼɽ
Сǰȥߵš
ԼҵķţߵãȻ
ֻƿһС죬϶д˲ɤ󡢴үͷ˵㲻öײܵܣǵСүޣԡЧȡ
׿
ȵĸȼ˰ʱ㱻һˮͷ£ɲǼ亮ǣͨ͸

׸֮ڣݣһϳ
Ƿ
߳ſһ˵ķʵκϣҵ͹ݵֽòׯ԰ֽô
İķûеƣŴգȴ޶ķ硣
ǷһһƮƬ֮һϵںͯ
ɣΪκϵ̾Ϣǲ͹ݵĵؽǡףףôõסأ
ֱӳȥô
۵˸⣺˵ѾưֻܲһͷڶϸͽֻҪҳ֣׾پʧ
ֻ̾Լ˵һŰֽҲ̺ԼĹ֮ζΪ¶̬֮ΨԺֶγǵϣ
ֱӳᣬպҲֻĨȥǣǿʵЩ
Ĭԡ
ķƮͯ촽۵׹â𲻶
ǡʱͻȻһĨ۵İ׹⣡
ɹâ쾡ͷ𣬰ƿ
׵ĺͯͷѾΪʿʵǿɴ۶Ŀ۾ɬ
ǿԼн˦β׷ڣƮֱ
糱Уߺʲô
Ҳ̾գ찡ϾţǸ򡭡ݣѪ
Ҳ밡˸ŻȵĹ⣬ظݡ
ûῴ
Ϊκϵ͵Ц˼Ҽǵƺڣݵһڡ
ǵġ
ָӳ΢΢ͫףӳһƬȶεҰġ
κϣھͳȥš
ȡͻƽᵤ֮ȥţһԺϼһǣȡĵλԴ
κ˵ǿʵ˷ѣȥУһغٻҲܳɵ¡
ͻ֮ʱյŰ
ĺϻһء
֪˵Ѫʿζϼ֣

ߵУڶھй򵹣ͷϺѹѹһƬǲ֪ʿͻֻΪ춯ŭ½⣬ҹ硣
ڸǰ̨ϵİ׿Ҳˡ
ΪԶô֮ϣǿֱܷһ˿ԶϢֻһ˿ϢԽǧɽƮǰȴϬ̩ɽѹð׿Ƚŷֱʡ
۾ۣСӸͷһգգ
Ҫʿ
ҲҪ֮ɫʿ
ͷð⣬ʱҰ賤Ϊռ˰׿
Ѫĵָܵˡ
ʲô취̤֮·
׿ٿö
һģ췽ҹ̷뷨ĵ׸֣ð׿Цֹסز
춼ܳ
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׹էʱС̶ڴɨǰĺڻҡ
̧ڵз۾ԶƬ̣ૣ鿪ʼô
С̶⡰աӡ
ȫͷһΰ׳۵ľԽ֮ԪӤڣǳɹƵϼԪӤʿļ¼һ¼ǰʮꡣ
С̶Ҳ֪ʧˡ
⣬˳ͻ֮ʱĴ۸Ļ󷨣ִӱ͵Ϯֱ֮ӴݻĽ𵤣ǿжѪ
ξ飬С̶ͻȻп
أݽǼһ룬Ҩ˰ˮԶ׹ңң
ˮεӨ׵ָ⡣
ãС̶»Ϊһȴӡ
ҵǰһ˳·һתۣӭ췭ظı仯
ܱǸﲻʲôæһʱ䣬¡ĺܿࡣ
ƶ˵ζж࣬ҳ֪
֪ǺѰһ̶ȥɱģδʹǿ󡣡
ҿాʮ꣬ڵϵͳҲսԼĽָʱأһɳ죬̤Ĵ֮;
ԶۣС̶һˮǰ¡
ˮơ
㣬δ
С̶ĬԸҶҡϣңһ
ԶĽȻһԼǱε׻βɴݵף췢ʵŭ
׽ٶȻָɫȴ֪ƮС̶ͻȻһͷһһ͸ˮ顣
أ˿ˡ
С̶Ƭ̣ͻȻоԼģЩɡ
Цҡҡͷ룬׼ݡ
С̶
ڱ֮ǻҼٵĽŲ
С̶ɻػعͷȴǰɽ·һԲӰ½մˮҺҲǣǸ·̫æˤһӡ
׿С̶ˣʲô
׿̧ͷʱ۵Ѫ˿ҡҾһ⡭
ǲ͹ŷܷ𣿡
лҪ˵
СȻֻǸ~

5
ȻҪܵġ
С̶һʳһӪҵҵı䣬Ĳ͹ȻưܣҲӦöԱҵͷԱṩĸ
ֻ
˼Ƭ̣С̶к׿
׿ҲͷС̶Сߡ
Сѡһ˽սһ㣬ڳӯøյһ̲סػɣС̶ҪûôҲֻأ
ԣ
һᣬ׿߽ݡ
̧۱ꡪ
ľݵķû޲˿˿࣬ƶܶ룬潽һƬŢ
׿
ŹսŲǣ̬ͳڵϽ꣬ƤͻȻһһ
С̶һߺ׿ʲô
׿ˡ
ȥҲУ׿ͷɬһزˣѵŤͷţȥ¹ͷô
񣬰׿ǿߵľ¡
Ϊʲôǲ͹ˣС̶һ£׿Ҫɽ𣿡
׿ЦګګƿĿ⡣
С죬ǰһĻָǰ۵üԾ⣬ҹô۴ԸĸķԸ
Ҳȥˡ
׿ﴹͷظţȥˡ
С̶
ǰ˵Ǳ֮ɫӳӰ׿ĿУС̶ҲµһЩ
ȻСôܣС̶Ҳô˰̣һɫɣҪҵĲ͹ݣҪͨҵĲԡ
׿Щɻ󣬡Ҫʲô
С̶üһǲ͹ݵҳ϶ȡ
ҳ϶ȣ
׿ãȻˣһŷѵǿףܴܲô
С̶ָָ̧ݶƿָų׿ѽͶҲóɣ㿴ǲ͹ݵݶˡ
׿ͷԣ̧ͷС̶Цĺ
ĺɫͫҡҷ⣬·ӳǻɲǼ丣飬Сѿڶңȥޣ
С̶գգ۾ô
׿ֻѧԹɫıȫˣظĿڣңҹȥޡ
С̶΢ЦӴеشϰ׿ļ򣬳ƺҲˣСװ㿴ǲ͹ĹûУôкأ
׿ҳǮ򣡡
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С̶ǰİСҲûôˣ˼Ƭ̣кܺõ磬ֻϧûׯ԰ܴΧֲ
׿
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ׯ԰ĵҵܵˣ֮ǰʵҲҪǵׯ԰Ͳ͹ݡ
С̶΢΢һ㶡
׿ĵܵܣǺĲľţһȺʿ̤żͽλ
ܵΪʲôҪҼׯ԰
׿ҡͷҲ֪ҵܵܵĻҼҾʥּҲǸȵСˣŲҽ͡
С̶˼
С̶ĵԷЩ
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СٳһͰųһֽ̿ϡС̶ӹȥһȴҲһŵׯ԰ԱһСϡ
һ麵أ׿ָһ𣬡ΧûˮԴҲСҵʱׯ԰ûãӵԡ
û⣡
С̶ֽʮܣ㹻ˡ
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׿ҲƴˣΪܳڳԵͳԼȫС⣬С̶͹ⷭһ顣
Ϊ׼ҴүЩ͹ȥĲ٣вʢֺţ׿ЩʽɣС͹ݺܿȻһ£ſáǮѴȫϵ񻨡
С̶
ڿһСӣŷŽȥϺˮϵͳṩȻºһձ磬㳤СҶԲεСҶҡΣ۵һ
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ǳļȫµľУջ񡣡
С̶˵ʼ
׿һһ߲ɤһʮ
棬Ѿǲ˼ʮСմֵ࣬糺졣
С̶
ܵشӵһԾЦҹȻû㣡ҪУҪʿ
С̶æ̧֮ͷ΢΢һЦ
ǣ׿︣飬ĿڣҪУҪʿ
⻰С̶Ưü΢䣬Ц硣
׿
׿غ꣡

ϣС̶һ
ɹƬըִ࣬˿Եò죬׿ڴڵؽС̶Ĵָû뵽Ĳ˾Ȼôóԡ
С̶Цϻ
ǰ޿ѧȫԼڷҲֹһνЩͬϵĶ¹ˡ
ǰ˺ܶ඼ϱѧĲʽϼҲϵͳƷľƷóԲŹ֡
С̶ϴв˰һԣҲڲ£ÿӼһƬƬ
硣
ϵͳʾ
+1
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֮᲻ɴݵϣô׵أԽȥˡ
С̶۵΢
һĬϵͳлл㡣
Σ⵽Ϣδ׼⣬޷Ӧ
װɵ㣬С̶΢
С̶ĵ׵Ƭ֮󣬵ٴ.
ɸѡĿǰɵ񡪡
񣺣2ء֮ڣ͹500
x100
ָСϵͳ̳ȯx1̳йܼƲ500ƷЧʱʮ졣
С̶۾һ
ϵͳ̳ǣ
Ҳ˲ϳˣæϵͳ鿴ȻڽϽǿһССͼȥ֮󣬸ɫϢʱλС̶۾
Ʒ޻ ۸x10000000 
Ʒڤ ۸x1000000
Ʒ϶ ۸x1000000

ƷĿһ㿴С̶ʹĻ濴˼
˽Ʒ  ۸x500
˽Ʒֲ۸x500
˽Ʒɫ۸x500
۸x500
ͼƷȻҲҪ500С̶촽΢
˼Ƭ̧̣׿ΪڣȱĶʲô
лҪ˵
ȱ:)

6
Ҫʲô
׿ﺬ˼ؾ֣غҪ
С̶ͷƬ̣Цˡ
ԡ
׿Ｑˣôԣ
ѾǰʿֻҪõһͼҲãͿԿʼˡ
С̶޳ָߵţӨָľ潻ӳ֯ԣ㿴ǲ͹ҲˣҲջˡ͹ݳԷô
׿㶵ǡΪ͹⣬λЩƫѰ˵·
С̶ȴˡ
عͷһȡҡҷ˿ӹŨ˱ǣֻƳһ۾ʳָ󶯡
׿ûǸҲҰЩϲ˸ˣ
⻰˵ð׿һĽʹ
۰Ͱ͵С̶ѿڶ˵˸ǣԶС̶ɫСӻǺݺģش˵ȱʲô
С̶һָȱǿߡ
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ǰС̶ƥԵݻŸأڸһÿһҪÿͻֶÿ
⡭׿
˵Ҫһǿߣһǿó棬˶ҸӲӲ֡
˵ţС̶ĵ򡿣һСʱС
˽Ʒݵطx3Ѹٳ֮ĳ
˽Ʒx3ʹʿȫһ
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Уͳŵݸ׿ڶԷ𾪵ĿЦһ£ЩܴﵽĿˡ
׿ϲʤзתӫɤ΢С̶ŪôöҪݾǿߣ
С̶ĸǿ߻ԼԳ

С̶ҡͷҲҡ
ĿƫתһԱż̲˺Ե͵ϲϣŶԷ͵ı׵뷢Цӯӯ˵ɨɮ𣿡
ŵһ˿

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֪ˣԲ˲мżүųһ£˭֪ʧܵ£
ǾǣǿСӣɲɣ˵һٰӡ˵ʵʵڴʮ壬úƤ޵ɤӶûˣš
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˵˼˵Ĳ¡
죬ϣŵɳֱɽˣŸ˰ʱǲƶСӷ죬϶ǰʦɹˣ
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СӲʲô
ڱĻע⣬ȿ˵üȸԼ˱裬һ˻ȵĿлڡ
ҲҹùüҸݳϲ˵ġżСͻȻ֮ϣɳɽһ⣬ʵҲԣʹɽȥˣԺ󰡣гϢأ
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һھĿмϣ˷ǳֳΪ߽ĸоżȫ۵Ŀڣ֪˶Զֹһҡ
⼸ҹյ˼ҼȫһغùĽӣ˻ᣬĴĻԵڲ֪ڼڳʲô
Ƭ̺˼վ˵żСǿԼͻƣлԵ
˲ֻζЦЦ
̧񱭣вˮһ豭֮ͬһϡ
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Сһ飬֧ĲдƷȵСľ滨ľɢӨӨâһǷƷ
ϿĸСС֡
Ҳ͹ݡ

ʽС͹ͻȻ
һȺһȺ˴żкͯδʱĶһƬ࣬δɢҹĻ¼顪С̶һֻʮֲκӣڵһͼӣȴһɫչ˻ò㱼֮˶֪һʿٲΡ
ЩǮС̶û˿ѹÿۡ
СɽϣһҲˣǵĲԴ
ЩʣС̶Ѱ׿Ըǵֻǲһ£ȥϿûмʵˣ޼ҿɹĹ¶ԲģԸǲ͹ݴ򹤣Ͱ
׿߬ǼöˣС̶ƹ񣬷ˮ㲻ܵˣ
С̶˵ʲôء
ʲô˾ˡ
׿ｫؿڣһģҲԡ
С̶ǸģˣⶼԶˣ㻹ûأ
岻壬׿͵ҡͷܳһӡ
С̶ٷϻȥ
ֻеһЧѣԶЧ𽥼С̶ٳѾ޲
Ѱ׿ߣС̶ץԱ߿һǶᵽ㣬ҲЩ
ǲ͹ĿǰĲʽڵһȥҲǰ취
ϵͳʲô취ȡʳ𣿡

̳ͨǶһֳ齱ʽʳġ
С̶üͷ΢塣
ЩѶȣ񱻸ϳţѽӴһЩ߼ֲû˸ϵͳ־ֲֻܾͨʣ50һγ齱
ϵͳ͹٣
Ҳ͹Ŀǰ498
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գͿɵڶˡ
Ǿͼһ£ٳԼˡ
ţС̶ĺãеתȥû߶ԶҵĽŲԼ׿ֻʵļУС̶
˸ˣ˸˰
лҪ˵
СЩqwq

7
СϹȻſŸˡ
С̶ϵʱ˰ɢңմɳһϮ¼ѪȾɺɫȴ̽棬ָ֮С
С̶Ӳ֪ôѪȵϪСæǰ˵̧Ҫ̽Ϣȴ˼ӡһ
ʲôҧġ
մֵѪƲסز
̫ˡ
ģѪⲻ֪ʲôãǵ˿ûϣӿѪ
׿Ҳ
峿΢ķСһҶֱ£ҵĴӣѪ˶
ٷϻС̶ѵؽ˷ڼͷ̧ˡ
˻δڼϣһһز
Ѫ˳С̶ļͷ£ŨֳʪС̶
ѪѰѪ¶̵þˡ
С̶˼ѵӣ˵ͷشϣ΢Ϣ󾱣вϷʶૣģ˷磺Ҳ
ָ߬߬סС̶䡣
С̶æ㲻ģȥУ
ԣ㲻
׿׷æˣͨ죺㲻һôһƬأôˣŶûУ

кܿˡ
ϵСУƽη֮Сصƣһ۱ŵ˳ȥҡͷβˣβˣˡ
С̶ץסе֣㶼ûϸô֪Ȳˣ
бһæһ˦ȴû˦ֺֻұȻţûǲӶ챻ҧˣҲȲã֣
С̶
ϣܣܡ
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ѪҺɣʺҧϣôܻأ
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׿߳ʧߵС̶ߣѹȲҲǳ
С̶ҡҡͷûѹ
ֻЩϰߡ
Խ֪֮Ǹǿʳ磬ҲֹһεظԼ裬ֻǰʮ꣬С̶ڼɽϱŲ⻹һν//հǰ
ҧģҲǷ
׿Ŭ죬̽ȻȲˣ˴ˣһ͸Źϵǳ˳ټһȡ
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СЩ̼壬Ӧǵţ鲻롣
С̶ȴЩҶѾˣ
ûһ㡣
׿ﲻش֣֣ȥϾҪûƫƫӲŲղź˵ȲˣͻȻƵһ£㿴ץġ
Сһֹһ߰ӣС̶ϵѪۡ
ָ׻ָۣѪѪ㻮ڰ׾ĸ첲ϡ
С̶ͷ΢
ͷţĬãҲǸˣСףιɡ
׿͵̧ͷɫŹ֣ιôι
࣬ҵˮ
С̶⣬̾ôƴǾҽʲôһ¡
ղɣô

׿ֵȥĥˡ
С̶Ժһʯһѵųһʵ̫ġ
ôգһҪػò͹ݣػˡ
ÿС
ϵͳϵͳС̶ĵСܱܲɺ󣬳齱鵽һĹ
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С̶α籾齱ϷĹЩҶ
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С̶ĥӲһԶȴͻȻ¡һ졣
ľҲС̶ȵ̧ͷȴҲ͹Χľű˺ȻƿŶ߽һɫưӣӫ磬޷衣
ŸͷӣС磬ĵࣺܵĽɳ
أ˶г
к˸ҵҪ˭Ա߿͹ݡʳǲݵͣ

Ľɳͷӿ
ʮǲݵʧ˽һ롣
ﻹ˽ָָ㣬˵Ҳ͹ݵʳ֪ʲôɼܣԵݴʿţʲôֻԼ֪Ӵ
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С㱨Ĳ͹ʿϢĽɳ۲˺ü졣
ûκʿĺۼ͹еļҲûӦ
Ľɳĥãóһۣʲôϵʿ͹ݵһϷԼѡ
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һֲ
ģģģ
лҪ˵
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8
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һһտľ£ˮٿػ
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Լһ޶СƿɳУС˷øֻͣ޲ܵ͵ȥ
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С̶ȴҡͷҸ߹ˡ
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лҪ˵
ףλ߿ı쿪ʤҪԼϲĴѧѽû߿ıҲͣ壬ɼڽڰθߣ

9
Ȼǽ⡣
ΣϲлƽϵвƷ
õؽƷx1
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10
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ϵȵĺʵӵĴӶߣͨ滨ľ죬ϵĵƾţɴƮ
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׿̧Ĩ˰ۣɤɳƣھ͹ŷҲãֵҲãԸ⣬ǹܲš
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ɳɢɿʧ·ͷС̶а̾
ֺοࣿ
ϱǸ¶ĽĿ⿴˼Һӱǣ֣˵˵ЦЦ߻ؼҡⱲ˵ûɽУʱѾûӰӡ
С̶ŶߡʧܡʾʧתŬĵɬζѹ¡
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һգգʻķ򣬱Ӳ΢΢Ҳ֪Ƿŭѹ
ֻС̶ļʱСڿ˿ڣһһ٣ÿһֶҧüء
С̶һҪĲ͹ݡ
ʿܳԵǲ͹ݵķΪ٣
֪ΪǶô
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İ׿ļڲ˲䣬ͻƳʱһԵķ硣
תС̶ͻȻע⡣
һ첲ͱͱ׿򣺡ιСףúýǲ͹ݣ
׿ݺݵͷ
С̶¶ο΢Цһץס׿֣СףϽĺԱҲ͹ݵҰպãҴ͹ݵĲĿһ磬㿴
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԰գСһѿ磬һֿڵ̬ɱС¡
С̶ںصͷ
ϣð׿ת»ɡ
ȣԲ͵
Բǡ

ƷɳȥС̶ͷãȥɹ̫
鲻õʱ򣬸ҪͨŽһ
̤ϼ̨ף͹ڴOO@@ĦܵĿԣһһ
ǰϵɤʹʮߡ
С̶ǰһ
ʹý赤ȻǸ꣬ˣ

11
ƿţһӰѵ֧ӡ
ƿһС죬Է϶£Ļ˵ıϡС̶æǰסԷ˻ûȫű𶯡
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С̶Ƭ̣æתš
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һߣС̶߽ͳӲгĻƹϣϴϡ
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12
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13
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14
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15
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16
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ڸϵɽһ·ҲǲСġ
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21
ڳ̽ؾǰ棬൱ȫ̽·
οؾϢѾʿ˽֪ϹŴʿĸۡڱضΣأֻһССʲôΣգĻᶼûС
Ҳ˲̣Ȼʦֻ֣ڴ˵϶飬˳һʦܰˡؾգֻǰ棿
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ǴڸۡԴѹ
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վڶǰ棬Ѿѹֱˡ
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۳ҲˣͷĳϷԸȥ˵ɸҹؽƽԻǿ˿̼̽أڴ
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֮Ϊ࣬Ҳв٣ߵ˴Ǽޣ˿Ѿ˱ıԵʵǲǰˡ
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ƤƳһۣϸЩЦ⣬ص˵ͷ
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ˣи⡣
Ȼ٬Ӷǰģţǰ档
Ѿ۵ɫɷ׵ĳģ

22
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дεʱԺзɢ¶Բ̵Ĵ˵ֽŽסֵΪ˽̵òħ~

23
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ʵҲᣬһС̶ָ̲˵õĻһֱԺһʵţԼⷬ˽Ϊһ̲裬˼룬վټһС̶Ͱ׿
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С̶˰ɣ׿ͼ
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Ĳҽнʧ
Ѫ¶ĳɫѪҲˮһȦ΢Сķһһ鴤ض
ˣ긧ƣҵѹƼӵĻ񻯣Ҳٸеʹࡣ
ˣѪǴĶѽҸǰô꣬ҲûôŹֵ
⣬ʵҲųĺܾˡ
ɻ׼үȴֻõԷһҡͷվѪǰ׼ү·˲ʮ꣬Ŀ㲣Ŀɬ
龰֪²ʣ׼үǡ
һ̲践ˮţǵġҵ

24
ˮʻ⡣
Ļλһߺ족¹˵ΪӺＸ˼ĸ֯һϯϯϸɫʳʤƫƫcλϣһ̲ƷЦ
߼н㳡Ȼ̸ߵĴǰȥֺõʳĺȵǺ
õϢһġơƷܸҴˡ
ϢڶӶУֻһЦɳĴȥ̲軹Ǳһա¹׬СǮǮ˵˸˵壬óһ࣬Ҳ
¹㲻˳ۣպСЬô죿
öʯһ̲裬¹ǰһ죬ųɾŵĵӶôֵ
Ǵ򿪱ǣȵС̶ĵ̲裬ҧһ߲裬ŴĿڸиζһʢʱǰһรͦúȡ
ȻǾȵط֣ȹ̲ĳƺıˡ

ӳһԱ
ˮŶʮ꣬ʮ꣬޵˿⾳
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⣬⽫һдա
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ЩΧԼ񣬳//ģҪ¶ȥ
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Ůصͷ

С̶ζû뵽Ƴ̲裬𱬵ľȻǡ
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߶Բԣ糵һ㱬ϢһҲڰԶñۺ֮˶ϡ
Ψһ˲ҪڣҲڲס֮ûи飬һ۱㿴ó
С̶͹ʿŮ֮µĿ
Ľһʯǰüɫ裬˵ϴεĻ̶̼ձһգŶӵơС̶ӯĴ䣬ָҲֹסز
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СӺôһǮܵ˫۷죬סС̶һͻΣˣˣС̶Ƿˣ
С̶εͷۻæȵȣȵȣ㡭
Ȼһ⡣
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25
ףơ
С̶ʯŶȣǽڱ˫ֱڰΣĳΪһСȻ£ΡΡ߳ţ˸С
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С̶
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һĪչ֮ʣһԵɤȴԲ𣺡С̶˵ǵǲǿûʹã
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ֱ̫Ҳ̫ˣС̶᲻գ۾

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߾ͲôУȻ֪֮ǰһֱŰѴиϳȥ
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һָΪβշнֹɲǼɢ
СԺعž綼طŻϢ
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мȾϲܣϲС̶ķȻЧ˳ڣҪ֪ʿȦ൱⣬ʿʹõģδ˵˻ȥרʹõķǲζɵķƣܵƣζͶ뼫ȲĲ븶Ļر
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С̶֪ԼڼĿеĵλ𲽰θߣַļơ
ֻǽԷϢ̲ס֪˸ӹô˼Щ͸֧Ļ

С̶ĵһĺĺݷеÿ
Ҫٿһξͺˡ
Ҫ쿴ͺˡ
žС̶˫Ĵ£ǿԼ侲ʲô쿴ûһСѳãǾҪ˼ҵ
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ֻһӦİ취
صСԺС̶֭ʱĸϹһ̲ˡ
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Ľ̲봢䣬ǰͻȻһ£С̶´ܸܲƷͣһ֡
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С̶ͷ磬ұҪһ㣬һһеʵģ͸֧ӰδѾһ˺ôڶҪٺˡ
ҲϵͳʾС̶ģϾһ˵˲Υ
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ĿЦʵɣҪǿġʵﳤҪģϣϣĳϣϣ߳ϣһ屭
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Ϊһֶֻϲû뵽ڳǸȦҲг
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ЩݣǡǾǶ׷ϡ
С̶峤ϣ
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26
ˮŵĹϵҹңС̶˵̻
ָ£ĲźۼϺ峤ǰ̲裬ûգλҲ̲ĳ͡
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һʼС̶гң˵̲費ֻһΧڸӡṩᣬճ벻ɣҪ˵ĸ鷢չ
ǾͲˣΪʵ̫ˣ̲ȥһĸĽҰ׻ʯˮˣС̶ֻĵĬĬ̾ϢҷֿʵǽǮ̫ǿ
˹˴£һ͵ʱϵͳʾС̶㼴ʼ
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ϵͳµ߼ĽҪһ
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С̶Żһʯȴ⡣
ãζϵͳ㿴׬ʯǲǵö෢һŽɫ齱ȯ
㳬һ֮ǰС̶û뵽Լ׬ô࣬ԼµСĿʵҲֻһѣˮŵĵӲ²Ƕϴһˡ

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̴ܶٵ֡
ԡ
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С̶ͷߣ˭ϸС͹ݵű㱻ˡ顱졣
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ڣС̶ţҾǡţ
֮ǰһöʯ̲ݸ߸С̶ϳǰ׼үɣҨ˼׷̲֭
ݸߵųĺȦȴȾ糺졣
ʵǰ׼үСˣѾæµûۡС˷ܰʹϴҲ˯š
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׼ȷ˵ǰ׼ҷˡ
֮ǰСɱΣɽ׼һأ֮ŷ֣ضǻɳ˿ûзԣʳȥܿشƫԶȫܷչó
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׼ҼҴҵ󣬲ǵǮ׼үԼСˣûнطֻԵش˼°ӡ
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С˸жҲǲ޵ݣ׼ҿԲںصǼӣȴܲμһνѵԼ׼үĶ顣
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С̶ܿƬأ֮ǰ֮ԲֲʳΪȪˮʼԣƬνġͲűأɽĺճתĻᡣ
ؼǣǡͷҡһ䣬˾š
ͳϴڣ׼Ҳ౻衢ǿƶȡȪķա
֣һ׼ү˳˳ˮǩ˺Լ˴Ȫˮ£ŵӵĽ׼ΪԼܴÿһλȪˮŵȡʮʯ
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С̶ɫȴЩ΢
ûҪ׿ɽ̲裬С̶ԼһȥһΣҲֻһŷǰ׿ҪҪţӲҪš
С̶ǵðСӿ캰صģһ߸ɺһ߼װĨ۾ɤǽһ̲ӵѪУһҪۿҵѪüǮ
С̶ſǧôҪѪ˭򰡣

С̶ûֹ׿һɽ
ֻЩͲǰС˵ˡ
˼Ƭ̣С̶̹ȻãԺҾػۻ
ԼŸɡ
С˲֪С͹ʳλС̶˵֣أҲڷС̶߶߶˵Щ£׿ԵĲˣ׿ȥĵꡭֱ͹дŴæ뿪
׿ǡեһͰ֭ľͰλƵߣ;ʱʵ˭С̶ôá
С̶Ƴһۣȴ벻ԺŹǣ
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׿Ȼͻͻһ
ȻͱС̶ס֣ЦֿᣬɤҲ󣬴˿ƻζոצ
ܲܳϺ⣬ͿСˡ


27£һ
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׿һΪեõĹ֭ڴ˿ӶǹӣŻʹԼôظĹ硣
˵С̶ľͰͻȻ־òһ·СܰľͰǽǣȷ㹻Զ
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С̶ûüϸȰѽͱڻС
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С̶ݸҲȣJ
ԭǽ͡׿۾ǽԺŹǲ
С̶ڵҪҪ
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׿һӴҮ꣡

׿ӰѸʧ⣬̬ýѸ٣ż˿Ե
Ϊ˳ҲǺƴ
С̶Ҳ뿪ˣûҪִҪϵͳʳнͣͨ⣬⿣Ҳòͬ졣
ʣµ100֣Լų齱ȯС̶ʱ㶯ˡ
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ŽͣС̶Żĸ裬ߡ
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С̶оԼ׿ûʲôɶϼĿ⣬Ī顣
Ҳ˵Լʲô顣
ֻǡϴ٣΢еЦ̣ץס׿֣ɫˮ۵׷·ɢꡣ
ͻȻ;òζ
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ҵûʲôһضʦʦһм㡣
⡭
ԥŵİʦ֣װ׷ǾʱһᣬҲѰˮ֮ϵ˵
ǾˮŵδԽǿδˮŲԽǿ
⻰ܱͷֻȺд˿ԥͼü΢壬ǰ
ʲôۺ˵ļˡ
۳ųĵ˸õģǵˮ֮Ѿȫǫ̀棬Ҵʲôã
ȴֻЦҡͷʵʵ˵ʵҲ֪Լôƽʯġ
ӲҪ˵Ļǳ˵㿾պͰɡ
ûôϣֻˮ￾ʱζʵˣ̲סҲ˼ڡ
ڸ㻬ϸ壬ڱ㻯ů
ӿʱھг嵴ȪˮԺǿ˼ʮ췳˼ɲǼ侲·׻ҹգƿĻ¶â
Ժлӣÿһ΢ⶼһֵһ˲䳵ĻΪԼ˴׶ӣԷൽһƬǿϸϸ̵ʯϵƵÿһֱ仯˷ǰĿڶУֻԵͨ͸
ҪǻѧᣬǾɵӡ
֮һж˳£ĺָܿϵĵϣǵ̺׻ֱ仯ǿޱȣõ˳ȱɱеĶ̰塣
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̫ˣС̶ʲôˣ
óȥȫϼ𶯵ĶԷֱ͸Լ
ļȾϲָж֪С̶һΪ΢֮ǰ̲趼Ҫشߣ˿ȴشܱ¶Լǰ
Σء
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ٶǰһаȴ˼Ƶζʦ֣Ķͬţα䣿
˼Ƴһۣ˵ҲԡֻǼȻҪͰһ㣬ƽֶˡ
ʦܣȱһźЩ˵޵ġ۷סǲɷλһ
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ԥαװȥͺˡ
۷סϵĳˮŵĹУǼҵϵ޵ĵؽƷ
ôܡˣ
һģȥʵ֣ľȻҲǸڵģ

ԥ˦ߺΧɽе˼ûкôռ޲ʧؽɢȥ
Ҳض
һʱıչ˴á
β˼ͻȻ΢׳һۡ
߳һ·ûиϣɻػعͷࣿ
ˣȻȥ
ЦЦƯ޹ҿһ¡
ݸˣһ쵽ųԺ档ʲôİ
˼Ƭ̣شһˮıӡ
ģ

ȻȺɢ˲٣ڸضڿ֮УһЩΧɽĴ
ɽⲻ۵Ľһ˫߬ȭñֱ
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趼Щʲô°
˴ϢȥҳУԷͻԵģ
ȻڳӶˣɡͽͱ־Ǳ˳ģĿľǲ˸ʯȡϡ
ļıƭˮŶٴ˰ȻԽԽضͽͱԭôƣּһﶼ׻ȡϣԼΪʲôҪѻṰˣ
ڵãװó˸صϡ
ԺԼˣǻˡ
ּۡơʾһţȻͷ
˫߬ø߷߳һȭϣ֦Ҷ䣬֦ɴ۶ϣ֨ѽų󷽵¡
͵һꡣ
ɫµò紵аĳĽסһƬҶҶ˲仯ǣɪɪĲ˲䡣
Ȼͫ
δ䣬Ѹٲףæأǰ
ں濴˶ã
ษҼǵ㡣
ȻһؾΧ׷½صĻ棬һ󷺺ѹø͡
°ͣûϢ˽ض죬ŵҲɣ
ٿȻûǱ˲β͡
㶼Щʲôѽһ²Ϣӵ
ฺߵȻߣôһǰܺóԵģžͺ˵θڡ
ԡԡ
Ȼ亹ǰǰʳݣ˸óԡ
೤̾һ
ִֻͣȷóԡ
һɷ˵Ȼӵɺֵ˰ˣˣҲ顣
Ȼϲлǰлǰ
þļͷֻȱܣûܳԶһ׳ͻȻӺϮϬǹݺȻı
Ѫӿһء
ӭȻŵĿ⣬̧ĨསϵѪ¼ɣ΢΢һЦ
ֻ˵㣬ûѽ
ҶƬƵҲͰˣΪʲôҪأ
ҽ֪ǰǲӡǲҰ
˵ţǸԼΪҵ˺ͣصͷ
Ȼ

ȻˣĿ
ΪһʲôġǰһͷǱ̫ˡ
ֻɽûʲộϲʦҲؾУ񱩱ˮɽϣë̶Ʋ˿ˡ
õԵǰʱһںı飬ʹвϰҶ
ĿЦõӣʱıһ
ڷǽǣɫ·˳Ųһ·ӣӡڰ⻬Ĳϣȥֶ
һ־궯ǵ
˾þδ˵һƬ֪˶ãڻ̲סСˡ
˶٣ͻȻնû
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ķ࣬лл㣬֪Ϊҡ
ʦְҲһˣ֮ǰһֱôû뵽ôߣ񻹸Ұϡ
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ͽͱͽͱૣһͽͱǲС̶ĽҴ˴Ǳޱһͽ͡
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ĴԴǣ浱ظϺأ
˵Ҳ֣̫ƭԣǶԷΪѹԼĴǱʶУƺѾѶԷԼ׵ܵܡ
Ĵɲףֶպ㼱ð
΢ԴǣЦˡ
õģˡ
ˡ
ϿɵģĸԸغԷɳ˰

С̶ȫ֪ԼĽͷҪá
лһֱɻ󣬸оͬϵͳƷ͵Чѷһ
׿˺ŹǣҲû˭һͨԭضʲôġ
ϵͳ׵һƿͣ绻ͼֽء
û⼸С̶ѾܵͼֽãֻҪںʵλýͼֽڵϣ͹һʩӣ˵ߣ͸ɡ
ıԼǿ
ΪʩȫǱ۾ڸɻ
ö˻һ߸һߴ࣡
桤
С̶Ҳ֣ЩʩУʿʿռ˾ƺϺŲͬϰ߲ͬȴĿһУΪͼﳳܡ
Ρܣ
ܸɳ£
ÿʱС̶رţΪֵϵͳʹƻʱȺòƴеﳳͷøҲûʲô𣬾·קͷСû϶˲ʣ඼ø˼֣˯üͷڵġ
С̶¶ƣ΢Ц
͹еҲЩ
ÿֺǺǵģȫ仯Ǵˣ쳣𺳣ȴҲǿŲʣʱİС̶ڻ
Ψа׿иϹչ¶ǿҿ
ԭ˵ģե֭Ǿܳȥˣ
С̶ˣ춼кöԣ
дɨ䣬Ժ䣬ЩӻǾͲ
ž
׿ﱻС̶һϡ
С̶ɤȻСװե֭Ҳե֭ǶʮСʱҵҲˣ
м๤ե֭ЧʺӦҲû͵˰ɣ
׿
СʶĿ£ֵҡͷҲйһ¡
֮ͬʱϼķϣһǰ˳ϯǿš
ֻǴĳһ𣬸жʿ//ͻȻȾһֲֹÿĸʱ볤˸ʱĳ˯
εģһȺ˸ѣһȺ˱˯ʱ䡢ص㣬ʲô
⡢⻹˵ã
Ҫ֪Щ˽ĴУжڸиƿػڴһ£ֻתάĹܣһϵзϮܷӦĹ
Ϊĵ³Ⱦһ±ԼԼ֪
ͬʱǵ鱨ŷתܿӸɶϢֹԼңɵҲȾ˶񼲣
õϢŶʱˡ
Ѷ
ҶòҶûҲûʲôͦãͦá
ֻ̬ڵ췢ת䣬ԭһճѺͻȻҲͻһС磡
̽飬ŵ֪ԭǲȾ˻Ե
бȥһĵط˼ǵǴĻȴǵȦյڳйѹǵʹԾ
ʵ˼벻ײըѣͬһ߲εͷԷ籩ξһƴһ߱Ϻڴ˴ڻͨ˶ǳ
£ͻҲǳ
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ԲӰţĿȴ̲ס°飬ĵ֡
һͻҲͰˣΪκҲͻȻ˰أ
ѵͻƵǰף
ûƼӹŹֵ
󷨵򾳽ͣѾã˿һͻƣгˬڳӾ̡
һڵӵ棬ϺǺǴЦǸİ׳հԴȻǱżƵͼȫѹô궼ֻ򵽵㡣
ǡǹشȴʦʱǰҲֻǵ㰡
ǵ裬ϷЬҲ䡣
е˶ۡ
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ϡǵӹڵǰ佽ڵ˸մϢ˵ǵﳤҲͻˣʿˡ
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ǻ˵ӵĺ£˵е᰸ȫƷˣȫŶ࡭
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һᣬЩغҲ
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ɶҲ֪ɶҲ˵
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ξмְģڱôңڵãĵһң
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33
Ҳ͹ݵĸĽսչһصھҲϼʿ֮ӿƬ½
ϢУһıٳ͡ξѡе˱ûѡϵģѡжεıֻٻһεģξзյõִеıӷġ
ûӳ֮಻⡣
һʱϼʿí˾ޣ޽趼һ㣬ò˵Ҳϵͳʼδġ
Ƭģ޷סκγ棬ȴܹϺ˻һõξҲʿǷΪϵãٲȻ˼ֶĤݵζ
һжС̶޹ء
ԼС͹ֻʩӵĽΪʲô𽥻ˡ
ʼܸЧƷؽһĹҵϵӳ¼򵥵ͬԷˮȴת䣬޲͹е󷨲ýȳͣЩεĴֻųܣƷһһأ˭Ҳ˭
ʵһʼϵͳĽУͼֽѾ׼õġ
Щƺպ«ưȶͼֽ󷨲õΪ̫ˣѹǳ֡
С̶ϵͼֽۣһϲͨȴҲܴͼֽԼоÿһ汻ķʵǼõơ
ֻʩԲ⡣
í˾ֻá
С̶
룬С̶ҲΪһ¡
Ȼʱ䣬ЩóķȷһκùһΣ۳Ѿ𽥳˰εĽٸϵͳǲֻͼɰġ
θ߼ֱ׬˺
С̶ֻܰģ̵ؿЩ˱ߴæµ
⻹˼£֮ǰ෬⿻ȵԵʣС̶ʶеĽɫҳҲʵû죬С̶ͻ
ɰѰ׿Ｕʻˡ
ͻ֮С̶оԼҲӵӦ֣ԲʽζһЩϸ΢ĻϳǰϾӳ֣һ覴öᱻץסʱ
ʳҲб仯ʱС̶ܸܵʳϸ΢ĲĳЩԵĸصĶЩʳʱС̶еʳдһ˿صĿµֲ·꣬ϵյ֡
С̶ʹ׿ԷͻƺȻеõ˼ǿȴҲûбͬС̶ԲƷ
ΪС̶Ǵ׿ﲻǣֻС̶޹ЧǾͲö֪ˡ
ȷһǣԴС̶ͻƺ󣬲͹ÿ;ͱζȼݳԻ԰ΣÿտǰڴΣ۰Ͱ͵ſˮ
ֱӡ

ϾʱС̶ȥԵݡ
ϴδһ£ĽɳǿС̶̲ס£ֻðз쬵Լ
һЦССǰʱһֱؼûüٻƭǮ
С̶ƳŵĲ㣬Ʋ졣
εȷǼٻϡ͵Ҳ̫ˣ²ֲ٣һָֻ̳ǳһѾĺǮҲ̫׬ˣܺȳʲôζ
˼Ƭ̣С̶ҲʶԵݵ˼Ҿʵ˵豾ƷȻҪҪ֡ɲ衱ݵλԼϵܡݱҲǸɢʿĺȥ³ԵӣྣһƵؾ͹ȥˡ
־Ӫģʽպ͹ݿǿԲοһ¡
üƽĽŵ£С̶ֱ˵һ£˵Э᣿
ԣĽ˿
ܺúܺã׷ݾӪľͺá
Эᡭҵȷ֪һЩ
ĽϹϾСǰμӽôǿҪЩˣεĿʱѶʮţǴһΣ´Ҫġ
С̶üصأ
Ľ򡣡
򡭡С̶üͷ΢塣
صеӡΪشݵı߽磬ڵƺ಻̫Զδչµͼʱ̤ϵĵһ
ҲζṲֻ̋ݣ̤ƺڵΧ
ðɣ֪ˡС̶°ͣô֪ôĲûеõӪʸ񣿡
ĽĨСǰǲݣǲ͹ݣʳҲһֱڰ£ԡ
Ǵ˸
С̶˼صͷ
ԭӵаʳͨ͹Э͹ݵı׼ѹϵͳɡʳҪ
С̶ֵԺأѵͲѲ󣿡
˵ʱصģǾʹ˷ģ
С̶ĻĽɫȴһࡣ
ӳĬãų̾ҡҡͷ¹ڨЦСǰûǸ츳ܰľӪСݾѾܺ˵СǰҪͨ˿ˣպɱЯһҡ

С̶ߺĽڲվ˺ܾá
΢峿ķüϸܵƣĽһԵˮ̳Ƴһۣˮģӳһ˲ɣųס
粻־ģ
˰ĽĽ룬ǺңԶˡԣС̶Щһר۸ˣҿ˵볡ȯҪǧʯ
˼Ƭ̣ĽֿЦҡҡͷ
Ϲʲô૵λǰӻµĲ͹ݣôòǧʯ
СǰҲǣȥûֻнëͷСӣԼ۽粻͸ɡ
Ҫ֪ΪԽǸ豹Խ˵Сǰֻǲһŷ
Щ۸˵ļһ϶Ҫߵϡ
ԼȥѸʲôûȤ

ص͹ݺС̶ĵһ¾㼴̡
ʱʵ̫ˣмٹ
ȻؾŨʮĸƣ֮׵һϵгʩƩʹ󷨻ûнɣҪԭʼİ취ݳ
ڲ͹⼸ˣȻǲȥġ
ӹҲܲ˳Ͷ١׿һСֶգС̶ƤвУһʵڲףȥ²ǻﵹæ
Ұ׿Ҳȥ
ôԶҲŲȥء
СӲٿŷҷɣסС̶С̶Ҫȥʲôʱ̰
С̶ΪҲ֪˾Ϳڡ͵ˣ˰ɣ
׿ﱻһڵ˼ʱһƬ˵ʲôҷڵĺòãԼһôԶҪǳ⣬ŵ˶ûСһߣ˭

С̶Цˣĵû˸
üС̶Χ
˵С̶Ҫȥݣһ˫ͻȻһգգС̶·ҪƤңꡣ
ʵʱÿ춼С̶ǡݣ̽ࡣ
ֻû뵽ԼȫС̶УûԼ˵ڣС̶˸ˡĽڣҪԼݣ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ǵԼϴݡʱС̶üͷ壬ȻǸط֮˿ΪԼ꾹˷ϰ˵ҪȥݵĻ
ġôϲԼ
ûѾȫ϶С̶ʰ׿ҪҪһȥȫװӣֻǲԼ飬Թô
仰ʵԼ벻һȥݡ
ȥնȥ
ԷأԼܲ飿
С̶ȫûϵӦͣɵǼ磬ӡ
ȻûΪ廹ǽģ㲻صġ
㲻˵ƣҲ˵ֻĽݺ⡣
˶٣ԼҲ˸ڣ꼾Ũֲ͹Чḻȥתһתҵҩأ
С̶ʱһ㶡
꼾ɾԱȲ
ݲҩḻȴҲȲݷḻ
ѰҩԶȥݣ˵ʲô
˵ڸԼҽڣʵֻǲԼһ˳ţҪȥһѡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
С̶жؿǣİãǾͼһȥС׺ҡ
̧ͷ뼾һЦ
ΪԷ⣬ʵԯ޵ãţС̶/ôչҵ顣
Ǹ˰

34
شݱ߽磬óؾ֮ء
˿ֵ磬ǡã·˲Ĵæ۶ֱСôӽͷƮβһַǷľ
ʱٽ⼸ϵʿҲָ©ˮ㹻Ѱ˸ԣһòеķҲ˷쳣
ֵмջƹڹ̨̣룬һڹ̨Ϸ¼ƹģ䷿
ƹ̧ͷһۣ΢΢һ㶡
˵ĴŲ޳УüۼԴһɳ֮곤λ̴꣬īУһپ¶ӢһƳнȻ
˾ǵ֮
ƹվЦӭλ͹룬ǵķһöʯһ
ô󣿡
С̶ü΢塣
͹ﻰƹɸֻӴʿνް׶ɼҾף÷һǵҲǽʣ䣬Ǹ¥õλãǺӡ
ˣС̶ͳʯɡ
˴γţΪ⣬ʣʯȫϣǮסҲе
öʯôһ̲ļ۶ܸס÷ֵá
ƿܿСӵķ䰡ϱӼⱲӶûסžͺܰء

˳ض÷С̶ջȥϢ
ԳͶΪɣڷϢ
ڴϣС̶²´򷱻ˣҲ˵·ԵҲרΪʿƩС̶·һҡ¥ڱȻһרʿĵ̡
С̶һת˼ȦĿⲻһϡ·˿ͨףеС̶ֻһۣ;·ʺϼ
Էһޣѩ֮ϲȾ˳Ľɡ
϶Ȼÿ
ֻǱС̶ЩǧʯҪĳɵĻ
ò׳һˡ
ţС̶ͻȻԱ˽̸һЦʦ֣ôϲ£
ʦֵҡͷĿʹͲ᣺ɲɣʯΪ׼ģⶫ
ʲô˵˹볡Ҫǧʯķãʵ֮ͨȴٲһȥֳϴˮƯʦֻϲķء
ԺҲ棬ٲҲ͸ǵŮޣǰƳ¿Ů֮Ŀɻˡ
ʦֳĬƬ̣кʦǱߡ
˵㿼ʧܣ˵Щʲô
ļ׻׻յ·ɲߣЩҼ˶˴δδʧܣҵɢ˸ɾûԴڶͻƲˣǽһ
ֹһ·˵ķȥ
С̶ԭأֽűӶصŶԷ֮ǰĶԻ
˹볡Ҫǧʯ
ɱĽΪʲôһ

С̶ֱҪˡ
ʲô£ˣʱʹǧʯԼѾ׼㹻֣ڿʲôֻһſ˵볡ȯ
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С̶طؿջ뼾һ󣬲˵Ǹ磬ǿµûˡ
ػοС̶ûϵҺ·ֵ簡
С̶޲ѹ룬ֵһ£ǸоЩѹƿܿСӵķ䣬ǻûȺء
¥ȥƹ˷ƹҲ죺ô˶λ͹٣Сдܣ
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ƹֹŹֵ
һһ䣬ƹס¥ϻЩ֡
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С̶еҡҡͷ
˴γŴʯӷĲ࣬ʱ·ѾѲ٣Ҫ·̵ķݶʵòôࡣ
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С̶ϲ˵䷿𣿡
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С̶ɫŹ֣ƹæ˵ķˣӦòס񷿰ɣ
С̶Уʮʮ
ʮʶ˼һۣƹСһɣǼ
üͷ΢

·ȸ¥С٣Ҳʮָɾࡣ˵ǰסǼͳ׼䣬˴סľͨ󴲷ˡ
ʰС̶ţҵƹ
һ̯ƹĿʵûм֮ˣ
С̶ıϵݼһ㻭ģҺϱѧ˵裬˿̻Ҳмɫ
ϵĻԹΪƹĻǵһο̼Ļض˼ۣ˰һû
С̶ͷֵܲܰѻʹˣ
ģܵõϢһ͡
ƹ˵ֻ̧С̶Ŀ·˵㣿
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С̶䣬ȡһʯƹǰΡ
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ôǮ˵Ըŵס·ڼ󣬷ǿţ
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С̶ϲǾͶлˡ
ؼ׬ʯһٻлλƹġ
Īð취ȺŰɡ

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ƹǰͬѹɤ㼸⣬ʵشʯġ
˵ţӻͳһöʯڹ̨ϡ
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˿񰡣ǮȴԼ²Ҵšƹ˲ԲϷĿⶼһˣʲô
ƺڣɤᣬ·һߵţտʲô·
¡ƹü˼Ƭ̣˵ƺڻλµô
΢֮ǰλأ
֪ƹ̯֣˰ɡ
ʬأûȥѰô
⡢ô֪ƹЦ͹٣Ҫ֪ôϸ£ȥϱߵһˣǱרŶ鱨ˡ
ĬĬ⸡֪Щʲô
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ƹ񾪲ĿУͳʮϣİõؽʯԼС
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˵·ⱾǼҸߵջҹľԶңң˿֮ת
С̶ڴ˯š
ôʱһֱԼҲ͹ˡûʲôùӣС̶֪ԼˮƽΡƺƴ쳣֮ѣС̶ǧʯˮƯ
˼룬ǰ͹ݴ򹤿Ĵ⿹ֹ˺ö飬۳ҹɫŨ죬ȴ˯ˡ
Ҳҷ
ⴲ˵󲻴˵ССɵˣȴݲշתࡣ
ĺƽƳڶϣľˣҲãҹɫһʡ
С̶ĲףƳ˯ա
Ӳ濴Էٸ壬Ӣͦ䣬ɫ΢Ĵ״毺ãС̶ĽǶȣܿ˳΢ĳޣź΢΢ϸѻ
ĺܺÿ
Щ߽µ䷲һԳȾ
С̶ϢţҲŻ
ؿŨĲͻȻϢˡ
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С̶ǰһ͹ݾʱˣ
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С̶ôм壿
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ˣأС̶뵥ӾǼƷʱͣãǾǸЯıʱ䡪ΨһС˵㡣
顣
ķȫǰ׹⣬С̶ĸβ
ΪãΪ̫ˣС̶˵ȫܷӳáĸֱǣx1޹ǵx1ζx30ȯx1
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޹ǵıעǣһĵ˵ϹŮѪе󽫳õسֱء
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ھζ׾͸С̶ϲˣѾǻôҪ֪ĵȻŴḻҲسȲҪζ;¶ȣչ鲻һȺԻĿڸС
ܺúޣС̶ѵӽ䣬ĥŵȻؼҴӺһԻȥ
Ļһȥͣ˷󣬹ЮŨ㣬С̶͸оֱðˮˡ
¼ڿˮͻȻԲһԵͳ΢ƣĵС̶ǲ˯ţ
С̶
С̶żأ
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˵ʱ򱻶Էץţοţεˡ
澲ɣŶҲ˯š
ϵסԼʱʱ߬
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С̶֮вƯģȻҲǿģĸ鴿ңüЩӦӲϾϵظиǣżĿ⣬˵һ֪УԼĵѾ˶ԷǳǳӰӡ
ǣǡ
ͷȥŬĿС̶ͨĶƿĵ׳̾
Լһˡ
ԼȻǸǰ;
Լûǿĳˣ㿴еδ
ԼĻС̶ڴ˴ƺڣΪ°ɡ
ôһ룬ͻȻֱõ䡣
˯ɣղҪȥμӿҪС
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ջеĶԻ總֮ңУƲɢ
ۣŮɤǿƺڵˣһȥңȥѰ
ǰͲ׶ӡҪҿǰ⺦ġ
⺦ġ
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ףܵܣ

ڶʱ˶ٴ˵Ȧ
С̶ǰҹ˷ܣҹûܺúúϹۡǰҹãҹһӿͷҲԽԽ
ƫƫ˻ܷöԷԼ˯š
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ô޾ɣҪġС̶͵˵ļеأܽȥ֣С̶ţˮƽ϶û⣬ú÷ӱǡ
С̶ǿһЦݣŬţ͵ҵĺϢɡ
΢΢ףЦλܱһȦ˵۾
󷨣Բྰɫ䡣
ƬŨƵĶƮɢС̶ط֣ȻһտƽԭϣǰһſհԲشе飬ֹɰǧ
⡢Щ˶Ķģ
С̶ұ֤ûôˡ
ɵɫԱ˵ע⣬һµЦЦģһοɣ
С̶Ƭ̣ͷ
ǲΪʲôôˣЦҵһʱҲȵúܡ㷢ûУ˵ĴŴ綼ݲͬϼǱһͬġ
С̶΢㶡
ԭˣǰԭ˲ڸط迼Ƿ볡󷨣˻һãͬƴ
ܱĸ˽Чֹͨо߳ƣ⿹̣ѧϰ
ˣһʢĽᣬ㲻ͨҲǳ
ֳģʽԼЩϤءС̶˼ţͻȻһ͸ϷƮ
ྲȫྲ
˼ʼ沥򡷡
ڼ䣬Ծӿκɷɣҿ򡭡
С̶
ɱģӸͻȻˡ
Ҫǲҿ治ˣ

36£һ
С̶û뵽˾Ȼôģʽ
Ӹһܶʱ˸ǿҵϤУһеСÿֱ׼ӡǣвٿǰšһǲ׵Ĺżˡ
㶣ִչûִ棿ģһרŵĿּɣǳΪĴܣ࣬Ҳҡ
С̶ͷ࿼£̫ˡ
˼룬̲סһֱģʽ𣿡
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ĵһ˿Źָѹ£С̶Լգע£˱ϡ
ŴӴȡʳģȴȵطִƺסˣʲôͨͨòΨг߲ơ
Цļ򣺡űţǶʶ̬֮еʳĵȻòֻҪ㿴ŹԺҪĶǾͻԶڲ
ô棿
С̶²ҲЦлл

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ЦеأǴ˹ģҶףܰͰ㡣
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С̶
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һβμӿ˵ˣҲǿ˼ʼף˽ͣжټһʱš
⻺ȥֳݵӰ
һŮɷǡ
С̶Ȼʶǿ٣ҲǸпֵί

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С̶ԣŰʳġûȷԼҪʲôȽֳõĵζϺ͸˾ֳ⡢лˡ
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С̶ɲǣԱ߼˽ۼֿسȦֺ̽ݺץȡ
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С̶ΪֻȾر˼ģϹȦڱڣֻüһָȦɲǼʧˡ
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Ťͷ󷽺߬һ㣬ףͨ죬ͷһϸĽɫ̣ųĻ棬ˮҲδݺݵſһ첲ϿС
귴һǿϡ
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С̶ͻȻ׹ȦˣڰϾַȻУȫûã󷨾ֻǾͨʳģʳҪǲɫȦȡ
ˣˣûֲΪԭϣǸͨĳӻʲô
һƬЦźĳ̾УС̶ĬĬվԭأ
ģһ߽ӿƶǣһЦģҲѹǸûģʦҲ򶼲
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С̶ڣɤƮƮģҿʲôôαҪƭЩϣ
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˵䣬৻ӵ
ĵãСĸӾһıƬΪҲĸ뱻ġ
ǸӾûѪ㣬дѩƮ䣬䡣

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ˣҲҪһʱ䣬Ҳʱ򡣳ʱ䣬ȥ̽ƺڵϢ
֮۳࣬漲УܿԶһƬдֺ֣ΣԼ¶ľһǡ
Ӧñǿջƹ˵鱨֮ˡ
Ƭ̣֮΢紵ذ׵䣬졣
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ǿǰС̶ģ˵Ƿá
⼸ŷҲǼ˴̽Ϣĵ
̧ľݡ
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κһԪӤǾӢм
ȫûϵԪӤôƫƧĵطҳ̶ȣȻɱ֡
߬عҪҪʱ뿪ⱻеս
һ뼾ٿ̧ͷͫ΢
ǰԪӤʿĽСѪ˿ڲֻܵŮ
Ȼʶ

37£
ʱĿһƬɹ쳹ÿһ䣬žϸСĻ𻨣¹ðһƬʽɫĵп߲˹Ϲ޵ʺ
һƬУҲٲĬĬվţһ
ܶҲǹȦʱûܷӦˣ˺С̶һ״ƺͰǰƭΣǵĿ֮·Ӵ˿̿ʼˡ
ϾȦҲǿ˵һ֣ٲδֹڿǰĬ˴ڡˣӦǿʳ޽羭Ӫһ͹ݣ
ҹȦĴҲǱ࿼˿Ƕʱڱϡȡʳĵ޽Ϊ뽫ǻвͣҪĿɲǳգϺ
ЩĬĬվ޷ֵҲȫˡ
Ȧе޲ͣҲҪʿɲǼȫץȡʳģЩʻģǿģ֮ҲעΪޡ
þе޲Ҳɱս
һ˲ѡѹ׽ọ̈̄Ҳսֶ顣
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Ȧֵһ˲䣬Ǹ߹Լˮƽ˴жϣԼ޷Ԧޡ
ˮγɿա
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󷨵ĸλ𣬷ŻĿʱ࣬Щ˵˳ûκע⣬ɫ̨λʦҲƤмڸһ⡣
ʧ߱ɥ֮Ȯ޼ֵ
ԽԽ˳లվŵС̶øۡ
æŽѪܵƬڹˮ̾æ֮оղͷС̶һۣŶ㻹ߣ
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ʱ˼ȷԼĲˣ̧ϰϸ롣
һʳѸٳľϣƬƬ㹽켦⣬ơ
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С̶ʳķűźãڵɱˣˣʳĻˣ

ҭһ£ԲСôôḻԼֻ˵Ǹ˱Զֹμӿ˶Ѱ
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С̶عͷϴ۵ĺ꣬С磬ⲻҪԸ𣿡
һڣܱ߼˶סˡ
̧ͷƳС̶һۣҪʲôã
С̶ˡ
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罫һԵϢС̶İϡ
һС̶ü䣺лˣôƺͷһᱨġ
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ҲȻС̶һĻмλŮüͷ΢壬ԱλҪʳģǲǲϹأ
Աȴֻһϣ㲻ʲôɡ
Ů޼ֵɹرǹء
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ˣŮ۾ҲСС;ܼԦʳģ˲á
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أŮ޵ֻ֪пڸˡ
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Ů֮ǰϲ˲СгΣУҪֻ֪ˣŮеĲδ˰ԵȳʸٳˣλܳԵԼƷ
׺Ϊˮ鵽Ʒϸˡ
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һʱС̶ͻȻһ£ΪʶǱĽɫҳϢ޹ǵµһɲǣһӰµҳϣ̶񣬺Ȼ޹ǵ״
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񵶷滮⣬С̶ΪԼָϵı㣬Էսչ·ӭĲǵâһȾŴķ硣
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ʿԴϲͷԶԶԣǻϵѬֵĲʽҴ㿪רֻҪεȵζϰƣȻѬ
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ڿǰƮ糺ɫ״ɫ֬ڱǳǳסһ㣬ٶش˿֬ʱɢ¶·ϸ۵˿
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Ů޿һڣϸһ˿ΣæԱ߷õףҨһ
ʱȥǳ͸Ҩɲȴвʹ磬Ϧ²Եĺ
Ů޻һоԼ·Ұ֮ϣĿǴĮ̻ҰŻᣬԽɽԽɳټǰľףϼգԾǧ΢⡣
ǿѪðԵζŮૣûʹκϣֻһ⣬𣿡
ǵģش΢ޣ֮أ
ŮһۣѪֹ߰ͩʵʳȪ嵭ѡ񣬵Ҳıԣܲ
΢ͨ𣿡
곤ĿЦͨͨˡҪǲͨȫûͨ⿼ˡֻѾͷúĿ
ʴҺζڿٿлζѾǼ򵥵ˣǽˡ
һߴʵǽλٵζ߬У֮濼ĲǲͻصƣͺѴ򶯼λ١
곤ĿζⳡԵĿȫûס
أ˵ЦԼλΪֻҪת̱ܴòƷļɡ
Ů޿ȴֵ᲻ᣬѵζҰͲöһء˵ҲƾʩӵģȥǶ㲻ƽ
ٷԵĵͻȻǷβܣ᲻ƽ
Ů룬ǾʵҲá
Ҳʵһְ

ʱһһȥеȡ֮һãȻ޴
ܶ˵⿶ѾɣǲҶȥ
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ģ⻹ôţ
һʼǻſƿϾһֻͨһˣȥʵڲ¡ɹһʱ䣬ǷֿʩʩȻ̨ȫûеǵļ󡪡
Ȼһͨ˶ԿѹûӰ찡
༸ΣټΣ
Ƕ̨ºܶ˵δһɰĹؼ
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39
ڿһĪչ֪Ǻõʱ򣬿ͻȻһصĲ
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ⲻһνʳͨʳĻһˣҹиоҲûʲô
С̶Լ׶ʳĲһ׺߹ޣ·ڶʳĹ
̤̤˹̽Ů㹽ıͺһԣű˹ǳһ֧߹лͣˮһʢĻ
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Ǹİ취Ůٵ̶ʱܴӹȦѡģĴ䣬ϸɡ
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ڻع죬ڶ࿼ζԼĲƷҲͨٵӴ˱Ǿп͹ʸ
пУܵоų֮࣬ܶ˲ǱֲѣֻڽĵȴǵĲƷõƷʱЩͷɥסֱһ۲Զ΢ЦŮѸٴԴǺǲܵģ첲šȣǻûǸȥҵĵϵ̳ˡ
һͨʧܣʣµԽԽ٣곤ĿͻȻͺѾͷ㻹ô
˫ƺʮɵس忼˹ٰ˰ݣĻɲУҶ࿴ɡ
ЦЦ
֪ѾͼҲòӲЦվ̨¡˴ǰ˵ǴҪҪľΪԼҲ͹Ѱͻƣ˲䲻٣Ҫ˵ǰһ𺳵ĳգȴһҲޡ
ţͻȻԶһ𣺡٣볢ҵƷ
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С̶С߹ޣ̨̤ʿ̣ΨΪضӣɫ۵һǻմЩգȥʿѰĴ
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ʱλѾ˲ٶˣǶѾٹȵʿһԵĶҲûһԵö࣬θѱһ棬ҲЩɺ
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С̶ȫ
ʵǷǽֻǷǽ漰峯һ̳ƮڣǽĵʣС̶ò׼Ƿڷޣ鷳԰Ѳ˵ɸȫ
ҷǽԭǸȫʳڶ࣬ȡ⡢˫ȫ֮⣬ǰҲΪڸݻУǽ븣ȫͬŻᱻ˿ڿഫݻµ֡
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ҨһڣŨճۻκͶʮ㣬ζ֮вŵǡôζζŮ޻ûعһŨѾ˸⡣

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ֹǲ̾úӣʲôģҾȻԲ
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ŮƲֵر죬һ˫ȴС̶飬͸Ӱʳںϵܡ
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ͷҲˣһУ˵ʱʧԭأֻһͨˡ
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С̶ѹ̬ͨ˿ˡ
ֻں긣ȫһ̣λҲоԼڲһ˿ϸ΢ı仯
ȻֻǼ΢һ㣬˶һۣԴӶԷп˾ϲӵɫ
ʲô֣Ůٿվ˫Ʒĸţ￪͹ݣ
᳾ڵ𰳤ϣҪԸ⣬ԸͶ¡
˴˰ɣ᳾ȫŮޣʲôʺеķţСӣǳڰɣõλΪðһ͹ݣĶֻ˾ͺˣ
ڵĴ궼ڽŮЦ˵ȫŮӵʲôãǿĸ˵Ϊ
˵᳾ڵŮ޸ƻȥ뻢ڣҪ֪֮УŮֻӰӵٶȡ
һһ˿棬ڿ֮ϳ
ǳĴֻÿ˵һӰǾҪֱӲˡ
С̶ҲˣԼĸȫôó
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ʵûаЩʳϾǺ׵ںˣ·飬;ܽκʳĻɿڵĲȡ
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Ϊȥܼ١
С̶㷢ˣŮ޶Ľȫ֮Աǡ
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شС̶ΪĲÿһʳı룬Ҫס㲻ΪԼˣΪÿһʳԲΡ
ҲǳӣʳĵԲʦ
˵仰ػûӦִٴ߶󷨣һ
װƽˡ
лҪ˵
쳤һ㡨?

40
ңԶһǣֱ߳˶µġ
ŮԼӻ겻ᣬΪǿûͨһСŵòҰףСС㣿
˫Ŀૣǣǣжǡ

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41
С̶׵鱨ʿʮߣû߶ԶӭƮһơ
һƮƮߣ¶Цݣϵΰ
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50
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С̶ٰΣԼߵԱߣ磬ô֣
΢΢ף͵Ŀ࣬Цһ룬Ҫʲôá
С̶ĵʲôõģ˰죬ջݸЦ˳ϲʲôʲôľͺˣֻҪǻϾС
Ѿˣɴһ׵׵Ĵ°ɣ
С̶仰һü΢˸ɫЩŹ֡
Ƭ̣˼ҿҪú롭ӵǸģƤΣ
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ڴͬʱ괹µβָһӫ˸һݻϹĳУβغá
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СԺһˣŤŤеĴеϸȥðɿȥۣ˿ɫ޲¶ڴɫ
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óԲóԣһΡ˷ܲѡ
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㼫ˣϵͳƷĽͺС̶ƵĵϽһʱʰڣпı֬λεģ·ͿһɫĹ⡣
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С̶˼·ζƮԶʽԺӻԾֱ֣׿յһԣŬС̶ųɣ
Ƴ۰׿еС̶΢飬ԥ
ԼƳš
ֻ°׿ԼġˮãȻ

νҰ
˳쵽ԼǷˣеˣ߰ʲôϰȥǼӽȥǵǶġ
С̶߳ʱǡÿվһԣüͷжһ̸ճ
߹ȥ磬ԣ
ȴЦһ£ɿؽӲ󣺡˰С̶óԡ
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ԽŲԣС̶оԽ棬⣿
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ΪС̶ǹô˵Լٳζõ
С̶ȴЦų弾գգ۾磬ܱΪŲš
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ǰ漣ĴʣۼŲ͹һߵڣԼҲһϲٶȳΪʾѵʿ漣һʲô£

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ʻӣѡ˼۶ĻϸݵײһƲսҪռζٸߵأû㣬ûҡ
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СԹţͻȻ˹߼Ƭ⣬ԵЦܺó԰ҼҲ˵츳ء
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ۡλϣ߽ǣ÷н赽ӲݡС̶ַʵ̫ˣҪǰ׿˷ϵж֮ذ
ۡƤϣͬǽ֮ٽݽõĵҺϡʱĵҺְҺ̬Ľ״ϸƤȾƯĵɫζ۾ס
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С̶ǵһʹΡʦĲ͹ݴǾϲûȫһ飬ʱС̶һʯǶ뿾¯氼㣬¯ȼѤõҡҷ赸·еĵӡ
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ŨȲأŷ
СԺ·һ˲䣬Ͻһǹġξ

51
£ݽ÷꼾ڡ
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С̶Ļǡ
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С̶ȡ÷ָ֭ÿˡ
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С̶еͷߣһ磬һե֭ӱ
ıԱʱģϵͳʾ˵мСʻúԡ
ʵںܵͣ׿ȫûдΨмλ99+ٵ͵ĸ䵽϶ǰٷ֮١
С̶ҲЩ棺磬Ǹ֮ǰ֮ǰʲôԵ
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Ҫҵһһֻһ׿ҪңҸĸͻݵģ᲻вҪҪһҪóԡ
С̶㲻Ҫ˵˭Ҫһһһ˫ˣʿԶˣ㲻ԷʣҲϣȥϰɡ
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С̶ˣ׿̱ǽżʲôء
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52
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˵Ҳ֣׿ᣬС̶ûûҪ＾ҲʶŮƺǱʶϲģֿԣС̶Ը⡣
Ҳ֪ΪΣ˿̶ϼĵоЩëȻ󲱾ëһƬڽϷԾСĻӿڳ
˵ֻЦЦ
С̶ĪؽţʶĲʶҲûѡʥŮĹء
˼˵ڵĴʦƯʲôš
˵ޱɣС̶ƤֱʲôλҾһȫµЦ˵ѹżȻײҲܼסҡ
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·һƬյӻǴ͵ɫΨһĨɢ΢⣬ʱ΢΢ҡҷ˲ѹ䣬ǹš
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أ̯һȴһֻ۵С档
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׿ţ
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˷׷תעΨС̶һԣЩơ
оԼԴһ
Ǳʶ˼Ȥһ˭˵ģ˵Щʲôء
˼⣬ֻԴԽԽʹС̶һʱôôˡ
С̶֪ʱ˿̣ʶвɫϼɢ裬֮סüĵĽɫҳϵͳڰзתɫҳҲ·ӦʲôϢѹѹ
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ȥһöɫӡ
һŲϨĻ

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˴ȵλѡһƬɽУһƬյأ󷨣ͳ˼򵥵ıȶ̨̨һʮೡȶͬʱС
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ʿһԴˣҵʯʦְװأǰһ£ȥǮٻҰ
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С̶۳ʿɫٿغˣƺڵ·ǳͷȥķһޡһڣŤͷС̶ҡˣһбأʮʯ㣬ҪҪ
С̶롣
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53
С̶ǿ鷢ʯͷʱ׿պҲ
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С̶һס죬󳶣ȵȵȣʲôء
׿أء
Ȼ壬ԷǴŵԲ۾С̶˰׿˼Ѿ˵öôõ㻹ԥʲô
С̶ԥƬ̣ȴĬ
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С̶΢΢ͷվҲǱߵĶġ
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ǳҽһֻһʢ²ܣڼһֱɢâ⡢ظȵصߡ
ֶ˵󲻹˵ҲˣڳľӢӶȻϳҲⳡĶˣδüӴصأʿΪлɳˡ
ϳƭ֣С̶ȻǲġƳʿһۣŰ׿תߡȴ˸ס
ιʲôʿ¶ɫʯߣ
С̶ֻĪǲĶΪʲôҪʯ
ʿʯ飺ǰҵĶŪˣͱ򣡡
Ҳ̫Ҫ˰ɡС̶ȻʲôʱŪĶˣ
ʿָָʯƤ
һƬмԼ¶Ƶ͸״ʯͷʯͷмһССĽ𻨣貹â
׿һԣҲûӿǲԼһô
ʿ֮ԱǣˣĸĻһԼĶǷǲ鿴ʱĿٵġ
˵䣬ǰ˵ȥҪʯʿҲٶֱߵʿԱߣһ̬
С̶
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Ϊ΢֮ˣȻ߽ʿľλǿ˿ĺ࣬Ǹݵģĥ˾ΪԼߣӦҲ߲ȥɣ
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˴ȵļУΪ£ȻдоӲܡʿһҧһᣬֵŪġΪ˲𰡣Ϊ߾Ϳƻ𣿡
ǽҪǲǮ˵ȥǿڵԪӤڳϣǲ֪ŭ³ɣ
վС̶ԡۡЦˡ
곶ĵ䣬Ͷ껳Уʿ˿ƲסЦ⣺ԪӤˣҺ°
ݸԴҡͷ
ڻ֪ײ⼯塣
ʿȴΪˣͷ֪¾ͺáҿɸǣǶҾλϵµӣԹ԰ʯǶˣ뽻Ҳˡ
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С̶תԲ༾ʹ˸ɫȻӴȡһʯ̯ϣǿŽ𻨵ʯͷ
һֱŽۣƮѩʱС̶գ۾Ƭ̣Ѹٻ⡣
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С̶ʯУ۲Ƭ̣ͻȻӿ־ϲĹ⣺磬㿴
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ʯƤ䣬¶ƣ
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ܹס𻨵ʯͷȻͨɽңǵȷӲԺؾмģӲҪ˵Ļǿһģֻǽʯͷٿ𻨣ɴûעʯͷǷеơ
ʿڤ˼룬漾ѾӴһʯͷˣС̶ʯͷԵһ𡪡˿Ϸ죬ոպá
һ룬ؼ¶轵
׷׷ѩϢᣬѩƮҡȴƺű˵ķ⣬һ޵ڶʶ㶵һʯͷµ𣬺ų׵ĹǶ䣬ֻ硭
찡С̶ϲһԣ
ǰ̫ˡ
ϵһпӦλʿ֮µһ麡ǰɣЩƶǰĵһλܣ֮ķ򡭡
ʿһԿţɫ̡
Ҳ뻳Ǽٵģô
һϢ˼٣֮ȻܸܵԷŨع֪֮ǳ۷ʿڳƭһСô˿٣
ΪʿһʱӶˣôҪĶ𻨣ʮʯ˳ȥ
ԼľϵԱҲˮϵʯͷϵĵǴ氡
˰Σʿˮؿڣιǰʯͷǰɡ
С̶һҡͷܲܣѾˣҪûȥ֮
ôҪ֮ʿЦĵȻǲо͸¶˹ؼϢ
ʯͷȻڵĴڴ˵ȴҲŵ䱦ֻЩССɣȫôһ֣Żʲôϲ໽С
ʵ˵ɣ⼯Ҳ̫ƽ
ʿһĿǣд򣬿ɳ֣˭ǻ
С̶Цݵʱϡ
߬ʯ飬ǵǾֵصɴ۾вǣ
ô˵вأһƬĵѰʿ΢кöҲҪûǸã˵𡣡
С̶΢Ĭ
һģ
۾ȴһתٳ弾ʹɫ
ᣬһߵı飬̧򽣱ʲôᱲʿҪò׵ĶǶȻܡ
磡
ֵڱסЦѧС̶Ŀˮ˸Ҫ嶯㲻ΪԼҲΪɽţΪС̶ĺһ밡

С̶
ɤһ˵Ϸݱˡ
ʿһ˼ʯϣûƼȻҭסĹŹ顣
ʿǣҲ̫˰ɣȻϼҴڵģҵĴҪɣ
ֺǺǵ԰԰Ϊķ˺ͺӿ°ɣɱΪһʯͷ³ңʹúδز۰
С̶
ȡȿȡ
ʿһɫӲһֹסؿԣΪԼȰ˵Ч
ٽ˵ˣҲǵģҸʯôһǧʯʯͷΣ
һǧʯ̺ŵʯͷ
С̶͵̧ͷԾĹ⣺㻹
ѽ˵ʲôģǽһơ
ʿֿǣЦٸǼӵ㣬һǧʯٶˡ

ʯͷȻˡ
˴ŷߺ޵ı飬ͷ첽߳ףϵġ衱͹ҲסˣͰ׿Ц˳ȻƬɽֶصǹЦ
ղŵļѾԶˣӣᴫʿ
Ҿ㴫ˣҲ¡
Ҳ˵ͳģ⼾һ˾Ϳʰ𿴼ֻǿڣǲһԪӤġ⡱ԵعԶԱġ
ֻǶû뵽С̶ûѡʹ֡Ա֮ʩķ
ò˵Ǵġ
С̶ҲЦǵķӦÿ죬һôǴء
иղһĻЧ벻ڳ˵ϣʯϸֵ׻ԳģľϵǶ࣬ѩͽԼ׿ķ٣СӵһģǸˡ
ЭͨʯͷҲܰѶԷɻȥ
ֻһߵļǾͲܴˡϱ߻ļУȥǱ߰ɡ
׿еģǷֶǼٵģ׷鵽𣿡
ʲôƭҺ˵ͷϣ׷飬Ҿ͸Ǻ̸̸
̸̸ҧ䣬һ˿޵ĺ⡣
ʿϣơ

ϵļи߲಻С̶㿴˼ۣ˸û˵λÿʼ̯
Ҫ̫мλãҲû⣬ֻҪϷھС
ȷϹС̶ȡһгСƬֽ̣һ̯λǰгĵĻϵæ̯ܿλϾƮŨ㣬͵Ʈеÿһ䡣
ϵ˶ʱζע⡣
ԭڰ̯Ҳ̲סˣʲôôô㣿Լ۵ĵҩܵС̶̯ǰѯʡ
׿̯ЦӭӭԳԣóԲҪǮ
ƵģˡҲ͹ݡҲģlogo͡
ʱȻ˳ûþʯ˵⣬ڳº̾ó԰ҲԣǼǲ֪ʽǷҲôóԡǣѾڹ⻪իĴˡ
ǼҴʲôիˣ׿ｾͦţҸǽ⵰ãϸ
û˵꣬ͱС̶һϣ˵ʲô㣬ۼҲ͹ޡ
׿Թ⻪ի˽⣬˵С̶֪ȷзǳĳʦ
ȹӵŮʲôšأҲ֪ôˣС̶죬ȥ⻪իķˣҲЩдһ¡
ǿö˱ȥˣҲ֪ڷչΡ

ңԶһСԺŮ
ĸĽɢļͷյشڣ˫񣬺ڻɫļëء
Ѿ֮ǰһȹ׵ģ
ΧȹûҲƯմǳǳĸңĸǰı߹ȻѾپǰȻĴڡ
һʱջ
һȺĸꡭ
صʮָӣҲ˵ԼûнȻоÿļζ֮ǰˣ˵ǲԼĴ
ĸðɣڸÿһֻ˵֣ϳÿһֻϵĻƣҪЩȥˣȻ᲻á
Խãˡ
Ǹ굽ûп
ֵ㲻㳹˽ĸʳأ
˼⣬ԺͻȻ顱ذվŸ꣬ıᶡ
껹ṳ̂Ժӣصļëü㣬㻹˵Ǹʵأ
Ӧţһû͸
Ҳ԰Ѽػо
ȴǿһֱţƵûţŷųԺܡ
̧ͷأǻԺŪࡣ
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Ժĵ棬걻紵۾ʱмëһɨգСԺǸɾСԺ
ЩӦ
ЩʳģɱϹҲֵáõĸţη
쾴ؾ񣬸ЩʳӴа
ءǰŮأϻΧȹպȴᱻЩڸǣЩֻϸһ˿˼̻Ϣ뷲ΪʵҲеСŮˡ
ᶲô롣
͸ϳ׵ˣϴѾޣһũʲô
ᶵ㣬Դ˽һֱԼѾˡεĳϻᣬһ֧ĵλ̧
곤ǰͨˣְһҷիӪɫ
شĻЦЩҶ֪
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յǾͲҪʱ䵢ûõĵطϰ
⻰˵΢˵㣬ɲǼԺĹһ˲һᶾȵصɴ˫ۣΪԺļΪһ䣬žֱȥ
Ⱥӵ棬һĻޱ𺳡
Ҫ֪ȺֻǱȷһ㣬ûдﵽ޵ĵزѾʿЩӦηĴڣ
ͣͣ£ظæҵļȺ
ЩҲĻɢ
һ룬ָֻãȻͿģžžѣ˿֮ǰļơ
ᶴڴϢţŵ㣬㵽ʲôʵ飿
ղһ˲䣬ȻһȺĸסһ˲˿̻ع߷߽ӣһǺ졣
Ҳû뵽ᷢ£ãضһĸҲ֪ǲǰ㵱ɹˣ
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ᶸգô˵ܵܵ𣿣
Ц㿪ЦǱ߲õģзʰǣ㲻Ҫʵˡ
ղĸһ˲ظоʶƺвɫϼ
ŵ̫졣
Ǵ
лҪ˵
ҲǴֳһأ

54
͵С̶ĻҪá
ϸ룬С̶Ҳ⡣
˵Ϊʿڿڸ֮ѾôںôЩո̤;Ů˵ûӦ˳ѵǶڳԷ˼ʶͣġһٲԶûšϣοڳľ˻ûбٹȣʳҲԵΪҪ
⣬Ķһйء
˿̷ȥҩĲʮˣĵҲа˾Ÿ߰㶫˸ࡣ
ԵģǻǶһݡ
ǻ̷ͨͨʿ˵С̶ֱϵͼһ̯λʱӻ𱬡
Ҳ˷ܡ
Ȼ֣֮͵ǺġһӸ߰ڴ￪͹ݣܶ˹ͶҪ飬ʿǻǵһμСƳ
ʿΪЩۣŵŮǾúа
һС̶ӣ˷ܵੲݣóԣҰҲ˶١㽲Ұǹɽõģʮ˭һҰ
һǸ̤ţûԵġ
ȥЩˣв˴Ϊ˳ԵóԵĶġ
μӴȣûܱٹȵ˶Դһˣ͵óûҸطĿСʱ򣬳Էƺһֶ˵顣
С̶վ⣬Ͳһˡ
ô˶أ
ǶԵô㣬ʲôܳԵģ
Ƕ˶ʱӲţԿ㶫˵ֲӲĸôܸڵĵ⣬ζ˱ǵȣ
ʢĵƯ˳Ҳÿ
ЩŮż续üۣſĿͳˣûҲԵȥ
дڵϵġҲ͹ݡ˿ҲʶС
ǿѰ
С̶ֻҪһӡ󣬲͹ݵδͻһù

ĵ˴죬ۼɫС̶ʼĥ̯ˡ
ֻ̽̽·ͷ
ʽʼ¡ʱС̶ĥſȶʲôҲɣ̨¹Ǳ߿߳Ե㿾Ե㵰⣬ྰѹӣȵСơˬ졣
̯̯
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мǸָʹˣͷߣ۽˭ǾӸ£һϣĸʯͷƭǵģ
ζƮףʿԶŵˣʱ̽ͷ̽ԵһĿݺݶС̶ϣү
ĿҲúҵҪ˭Сүͷ϶㡭С̶
С̶Ҳˡ
ȻǸˡ
С̶ϵ΢ЦɿɢŲԶ꣬β³һ֣Ѧʡ
ߵǰӸµءС̶ǴЦЦôЩþòС̶ô
С̶˵ֻǽĿ⿴Ѧɨƭʿ飬̾ǿеĶң
ѹ֣ɹƭ޴͸ӣҲǵ洫
һˣ˵ôӲأ
Ѧб˵ϴϴһˣҲڱϳɽš
һˣС̶ͻȻЦˣ˼ҵļһ붼ˣûλáҸоԼ̯ӻлֻɣѦʣӲеţǲ
һ仰èβϣѦɫٿ䣺ôݡ
䣬һ˵ĺӭѦʵ˫ۡ
귴Ӧ죬͵سڿףɻЩˡǵвŷĽ˪ѩʸһëжϣ
С̶һ̲ͻȻʲôС˺֡ΪԷ۽޺üëһһƮģѩһ㡣
ĵͻȻӿһů⣬ٿѦʱ̲סЦ
û۽޺üëԷһ⻬Ѽ
ǰС֡
㡢㡭
ѦְףɣЩš
ղǵǿ
ǽ𵤡ƺȽ΢һЩȿҪǿ̫࣬Ѧò׼
򲻹
С̶ôܿʿ
ѦɫٿС̶ʱࡣ
С̶⼯϶֣Ͳ±˸ϳȥ
С̶Це˵ϰôߵĶĲֻ۾Ƕˣ˶𣿡
Ц
г֣˿ߡ
С̶Ҳʮһյķϲˣܺرϳǰ˵ΪһҲڡ
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ֺʿҲʶڣһʱĴͷٲҶ
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С̶üͷ΢ʦˣݵλϣ
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С̶סˣֿɽͽˣ
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ڵΪµҲΪףΪ̣µһһغãڵӰʦѡ
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˵ʦһ£ѦƺгҲһЩŽơ
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С̶
ʲô𣬻Ǹ˴ӵģ
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˵㣬ŵĺӲɽЩͼĻƣҾ;ϧء
˵⻰а죬Ŀǲ⣬ҪС̶»ˡ
һԿţ̵סнһ֣ƬƬѩϸСڿƮ䡣
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С̶ȴͻȻͷȻס֡
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Ѧɫһ䣬ҪϣС̶ǱеӦòᣬʦȻƷӣ۹ȴôܿ档
Ѧʣ
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С̶ԥƬ̣СһµĶӣȨС
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С̶е㲻ҿղѦʵȫܹˣֻ͡Ƿ̵¡
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С̶̧ͷǰֹмġࡢ׿ﶼΧ˹۾һգգض
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ֱѦʵĸףѦ󣬳Ź¡
ʱС̶ÿµķѾ˿۵òˣֻʣһһöƷԪλʦΪµġ
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С̶֪ѦĶӣѦʣҲڡ
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ʱС̶ĪеŲڡ
΢Цȴƺ֮°ӿɽҹգȻأ
Ȼ󡭡С̶ЦȻءҲԸ⣬ҲûǿҶԲԣûôǿ˵ʦҡ

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Ȼǲ²⣬õȴǿ϶Ŀǡ
С̶̾磬µ׼
ѦǸ˼ˣòٵС̶Ļ͸ɽͬãҲǿ󡢸̵ʦ֡
ʦִ˹ģȴ˹ûаϵ
˿ŮС̶±ǿпޣƫƫѦǰͼӴף˵С̶ηɫС̶˵ڵʫ֤ʲôûǧͣܽůȴ֪ô䴮һġ
˹ҲЩѧʶʱúʫʫ˵˴ӦҲһζɣ˵ȥҪС̶̡
С̶ȻԸ⡣
ȻͱѦţ̸ɽʦҲס
Ϊ˹ˡ
ҿԲҪ㣬㲻ܾܾң˵ľˡ
Щûʲôýˡ
С̶ʵϸ룬ɽҲⲻӹζ𣬱ȼɽ˰ۺ̫ˡ
վϲڵĻҳɵ߰߰ɣˣóˣԵʲô
γţС̶һЩˣװڴҪʱóһȾܳԡ
в⣬ϺȵȺóԵĺ֤˳⣬Ҳڲ͹һóԺúȡ
߹޵ޡ

55
ܿ죬һյʱͲˣС̶ҿɾĲݵأһһϡ
ƤǴ㣬ףˮϺȣһ̸еһ˿ССڵȵĸоɿȥĳһ˲С̶оһǳεġ
ŷ˵ζü䣬¶ĵЦ⡣
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Ȼһ˶ûС
磿С̶㵣Сף磿ǰ
տյӦֻҹ΢ůķ磬ա
ͬʱ˴ԶһƬСקŰ׿һ·С
ɡﰡ׿ΪУٶȸϣܵ
һЩС̶ڣ۵顣
ɤᣬҲԣɴ׿ȴɱ֮
׿Īе£Ҷ죬ֻŬӿ첽
ϵһƬյϣĺѵˣ˴ȣʱһľ¥סѾ̽Ѧʾסľ¥㣬СǱ롭
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ӵϣ۷壻һλϣԪӤڡ
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Ĺ˸ؾ֮ͳֵһᱻ֪֣ͻ̫ǣ
ྲ£ҲŲء
ԲбĴʱ䲻Ϊ˳ԣɱѪд棬ΪС̶һɱʲô
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΢㶣ǡô죿
ʵи⣬ĵĿڰ׿ϣǲ֪ԸԸ⡣
ң
ָԼ׿סˡ
˵ķݶ
û㡣Ц˵ƻҪЧȫ١ʲô̶ȡ

ĵ⣬ʵ˵Ҳܼ򵥣ð׿ȥμ˴ȡ
Ϊڱȶ̨ϣǽѵѦûк󻼵ķʽ
δʼԳĵĵλǿߺţలһλߡ
ȵĿǼ˲ſøףһ˲μӷǵ㻵أ˷ܣȵӰˡ
׿˶β󡢴ǣǻǵǸѦӶˣ
֪
ȶΣգвأÿҲΪȷߣȥȥ˵㡣
׿ˣΪʲôң
һһǿΪʲǫ̂ѵǻ쵰
ƵΪֻ֮ڵ֡
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57
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Ϊӵط⧲ϼɫɱ̶üбɣβĻȱ罣档
Է΢һƬг³֡
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63
С˲ŴӵʱѦʻе˫ŷ
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ȥ̵ģҪۺзҲһʱѦûָӪѹͼ۸Ҳֻ뼷С̶ѣֻҪС̶ĺзûͿģڻͷʲôģѦʵĿǷΧ֮ڡ
ˮҲֻһǧûˣһӶթƭһһ
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ｫŭĴ󺺸ߣѦʻطĺз
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ʱǴӵģӦؾźÿĺʢķӦҲܺó԰ɣҹ⻪իͷôܲΪ˼ǧʯԼȻ򿪺һһˡ
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һݷݺзȺûãζٶս̨ϷƮˡ
ߵԱߣһŮݴԡ¶ҰڵסģõıӰ
ս̨ͯҫ
⸱ƵģŮֺЦ㿴㣬ĻаʿӣֲǲԣԾ͹س԰
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ŮĦŷб澫µ·Ц㲻һֱ˵볢⻪իĲ𣬸պǱ۸ҲߣҾݡѵĶˣó̫࣬һԲ¹⻪իζ
ͯҫͷϣӡŮȥק㱧źз֣㣬Ų㣿ʣˣҳ˵˻ۣ
ܵܵ˿ڣŮɫһ䣬æ֡
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߰ϣǰȺкܶ࣬ܶܶ࡭
Щѽڵİи㲻ˣһʵʵģɾʹƵԴ
ϵ͵Ц߰ɣ߰ɡЩʱգӦؼһˡ
΢΢üţ
ϵڰ׼ҵѪƺĳЩ仯ṩԽԽ١ǿһΪĸ㻹ûȫѪֵĵزѪֱ٣Ӱ켫󡣡
ӦֻǾ̫ԶԵʡںƧһѾ֮ңôٳ
˵ϵĶЩʲôɫ
ٵǸ˸磬׿Բִֵû£²ǻڰ׸Ͱɣˡ
Ĵ³ˣȻҪȥѰ׸ˡ
ô֪ϼһͼļͥһܵĸ磿

ĳܡ׿˿ʯС̤⻪իš
⻪իߣǽſҲûκӦշΧĲá
һƬֵĺУ·һƬ߰ĹµԲ·ֵͣϦ޹أƮĲ޹أ貵̻޹أĸ룬ҲմȾֺ
׿ĵˣǹ⻪իֻΪʿṩ۸߰ĲƷЩԲİɡ
С̶ĴȣּӰ˴ˣȻ׿һҲĵطһɣ
ţ׿ʮҡ
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׿վλԣĴŹâ¥δ¶ֻǶ಼˼䴰ƿʱҹյӾУ첻ƹ֡
⻪ի̬Ȼ׿ԶĵһøˣѰ˸λ£ʼڴʳ

ңԶϣȪԳȪ
ʵˮ󵰵һ֣ǳ㣬ֻҪѼŽȪһյ蹤򼴿ɣַС̶ǰڰ׼Ҵģ̸ġ
Ȫˮ¶60㵽70֮䣬Ƶ̵ֵڵ壬ȪĵﵰѾͣȴδ̣ڸиϸۣζأͣǸһڱʵĵס
һȪƵش˸á˿̳Եͨļ׼ҵȪչȪˮļҲӯɫ󣬿ȥʮꡣ
ʱ׼ү첽Զңңʩһ񣬹ʦ׼ˡ
һּǣźس̾ƣ˵ֻǸƽƽ˰
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72
Ű׼үõѪڱˡ
Ĥ˺ɲǣѪ׷ɣڳ˻һĲҽУѪɿͣ顱һըѣŨѪˮ˳ѪӿԺĵ档
׼үۼֿ죬סѪըѺķˡָֺֹסزϱЦƿޣȴһδֻԼҷ˸ݵա
Ѫд˴꣬˿̰׷˸ɣٹǸ߸¡û˿Ѫɫ׼үؿɳ
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ûϴֶڱΪѪȼơѪ׵ѪΪͣԼؿڵȼһĨƣȡǲƲ߲
ֻǰڵֶΣ޴а߻᲻ѪҺ˵ƣֱоѪ֡ʱѪסƿ;ʱˣѪʩҲ취Ƴȼ
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㷣ƤͣĵôùɡС̶ص͹ԼˣõԼĵز
֪νãֻǼάƽˡ


Ⱥ֮вİͻȻеؿһʹ
·ʲô࣬ڴ̰һѪָо̫ϤˣⲻȡѪ
ֻΣ˱һ
ʹðŤӣ߾УɣǷɣ㲼µѪֱƽˣ
ʹػڵأʲôƷֵѻ찡˵ֿ⣬ˣ󶼲ôġ
аɺʹ̶̼࣬˲ϢɫѾ԰ֽڴϢΡϣô죿
ϵĬƬ̣ε취Ϊ󲿷ڳգΪضˡ
¶ɫô䣿
δ˵ֻǰҰԼѪϸߣ˳·ķһ·졪µĴ󣬼δɣȴҲסʮﳤ֡
˵Цڽϣ̻貣ת
һѪâڰ۵
ǡڴʱһķ߹ߣ⡰ӡ亹乣Ϊǻʲôĵǰӣû°ɣ
䣬һѪ˿֡
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ɫ԰ѩ촽ѪȻּеķ죬¶һЦݡ

֮ǰ׿ڹ⻪իʳ
⻪իϲ˵ٶȺܿ죬׿ûȶãһ⡣
򵥵ļ峴֪ʲôƵĽ淴ٰ֭׿ôоģڽϵΪŨ֭Һ
ǽʮ棬ζС̶еĽͽȻͬС̶Ľʣ̣ŨĿڸζټ´̼ĽڣǰĽȴǵɫɽѩϸƷ֮²еһǳ˿˿ζ
㣬ʽϸ壬ɼϾ޷Ⱦɫֻ˳ǳǳһ㣬ذ״ʵĽɫ
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˵ʵͦóԡ
׿࿪ԣ֪ΪΣųĶ̻ʣССؽ
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⡢ʲô׿Զ˴ĺϵǳ򣿡
⻪իѵأֳ򶨵Ŀǵ˷ģʹõķƺʦ̶֣֮ȵĹԶӰ⻪իѾȥԭ򣬻Ȱò͡
øƨĲͰ׿ղſĳѾˮʪ
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׿ֱûǺ
ɽӶĲҽӲԶ𣬷ӵȫ򣬴˷ɤСδüţ֯ŮȴаƿȾѪɫȻΪ

73
һϸ趦еĳҪ೤ʱ䣿
ֻҪʩһĶ
Ѫ裬ѪܣʿСӵѪϻֵȺʼУӣӲصڵ϶á
١ʧѪµݿˡ
ʵһֺܴͨˣʧѪɱԣ̶Σա
ԶԶܺǰҪѪЩ˵ѪʿѪҺԣʤ̺ܱͬ꣬Ҳ˿ѪµĺָֻѪκݺݵˣ
Զ̻գСʵתӵƯӳȴһƬҰ׵ݡ
ŻĳɲǼڳţֻʣ̻ը죬Ȼһһ֮ǰϲ֣ݵĵʱ
Ӱԣٿ
аɲǣαӿƷӵƣˮδӺӵӿӵˣֿĿڡ
һӣѸףӴıѩ֮ڽ֮ϣӭĺѪΣꡱ춯һ˸ߵξǱƾնסͬϸ档
޴ı»ۣ˳źӰӣһ˳ʮ׵ĺЩϰˮǿǰ׷׻ΪĽΪۣ׷ڵ̰ϡ
ǲ
ԶԶ
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һ޴ѪѪΪṩŬԷƷɶɵĿգյ
С̶һƬʹץס֣ԴԴϴ̵¶ȡɽڶϵļУʹޣһ⵶ļ񾭣֮һƬٰľʹ
׶֮ʹ
ˮΣˮ󨡭
С̶Էתʲô취ܿЩΣףƣ
أĶȥŪӴλƣ

⻪ի׿Ҳ뵽ͬ⡣
ѵöˮ˽⣬ΪСʱˮһ׿ﲻ֪ʲôչȥܵһ棬ݺݵ˼ڡ
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ˣ⻪ի϶ΡסЩ׿ǰһ¥˰𣿡
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ΣףƣԿˮΣ׿㲻֪
ЦãҵǵһЩζǵĴޣԾ̫ˣڶŰȻͨˮΣһξҲδá
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ӦǳõĳĬ
ֱ׿ļľ״΢ЦԷŰ׿׿ŷǴڣɫɫͫʹ΢ЦʱУϸȥ΢ЦԵò۵ףֻǳǳعڴϡ
͹٣֪Ե㣬ˮ彴ɺεƶ
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ǹ⻪ի£ֳһ㣬ÿʯ㲻öˮ彴ҪɷѣΪ󡣡
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˵⻰ʱƽŰ׿ɰ׿ֻû
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׿Ĭ
ǽƲסԼǰСʵûǸ
Ͻ׿ȫԷľԼǾ̵ģ⻪իξƵĳɱ˵һߣ˿óζ޵׶Ŀ𡭡ǺĿ
⻪իԵʿȺ壬Ҫġ
νĳ̽ҪãڼֶֻǾ͸޷粵ˣû˻״óȻ֣Զһ˽⣬ζһΣ
˵ף⻪իںֻ᲻˳ױٵӶӰǵľӪ
ǲҪǵģŵĵ棬ʱӶ󷨵ĹâֻҪЩ̲ͨŦλò䣬ϺԶԶӿȥһ磬иࡣ
ֵǮҲ
׿ͻȻú
˫ֽ߬Ϣֻ֮ɿ·𱻳ߣµֻǳأͷظڶ߷֨֨
ͷƬ̣ƺְҵܲȥЦӯӯ͹ǸƵأͷ˵ʵѾټˡ
ǹάĻ׿ȴ˵ķ̣һһֱԺлصţʿ
ʿеġգ
ͻȻܲ˵ֻӴͳһʯϣתߣ߳
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֮ǰһ̻𶼸財

С̶˼ڤʱӵѾ˵ϢԽԽ޺ûˡ
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֪ǸϣԶͦҹյĹ⡣
ʱҲǳĹ⣬ԶԶʮСһĹȦС̶ЩϲͷȥǸʿķ󷨡
ʱ󷨣Ȼȫ׼ǰ޴ѪεǿȣȡѪεѪʵ˲ʿֺֻ̫࣬һʱô
ҪҲˣֻͨհڵѪҺ֮ԼĿ
ǻִ¶԰ɣС̶ס֣۾΢ҹˣʿô࣬ÿ˸һĻЩѪκܿܳ
˵һ룬ͻȻס
ʱӵƱӿɢźƯȥεĹ߱԰վ΢ĹĿʮָӣС̶ûõġ
С̶ʣµĻʱںúŸɰͰ͵³֣ΪΪʲô
Щˮβʵ壬ǵû֮֪ʲô뱣סȫǰյ𣿵Ǽ޿ܣֵû֮ֻҪףˮαȫʧʧѪᷴʧѪ࣬Ǳ
ǡ
С̶
֮ǰˮһһɱС̶Ϊλʿһٶеıʽķȥһˮأ
лҪ˵
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74
ĸ磬ɱԶȾ˸򵥡
ʿ׷ǽⳡȫǰջ˼ɣǵĿǷΧ֮ڡС̶Ŀ֮ʱǿҵϷнڳǸʿ̽ʼ԰ˡ
ͬʱһС̶¡ȫŵʱʿĴڱڰеө𣬳ĺױҵС̶
磬ǰã
С̶Ŀƣץס֣ǰа취ЩʧѪİ𣿡
Ƭ̣ЩȻǸС̶ҲЩɱɱ飬ʵڡ̫ó
ûϵС̶ҧǡͰȥģץסʩаޡ
û⣬ͷʾó򣬲Ķаʬơ
С̶Цǰץסλа޺ȲҪɱ
Ϊʱ˿̣ɱѾ⣬ᵼ̬޿ء
ɱҲаѪλԴԴϵѪҺɻɱǸ˺ܿᱻɡ
С̶
⣡
ˣûԷС̶ŬԼ侲
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벻ȣɱ벻ɱۻˮֻ׳ʿ󡭡С̶ѾֱеĶ뾡ˣû뵽ʵĽ취䣬Щȥ
ʯ֮䣬С̶ͻȻ1600֡
ѪɫɲǼصϣС̶΢΢ۣĵ״󺰣ϵͳҪ齱
תӦϤҳǰչС̶ûϿʼ齱ĵ֣صϵͳ֪а취ٿس齱ĽһܽĽ𣿡
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С̶ϲط֣ԷҰ׵ӾȻһúʳƺˮΣǵԶԷȫӰ죡
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Էų¡¡ڶϣԾС̶侲ĴͬϪظοҵġ
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ǿĲխСۣںɲǱҶܵҳҶ治ϳ־ҵ͹纣һһ
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С̶°ͣҲмãȻǰɣǼ˼ôҵҪˣ
׿¿ϺʣĨ˰죺Ҫ˵ҲҵĶԡ
С̶˶԰׼ҵĶ̫ˣǲ֪ôĵز׼ү˼ǣȻˣǾ͸ɴ೹Ҳ͹ݿ£ɣܿС̶˵Ҳ͹ųġ
͵ǼҼĴǮҲðԺʲôóԵĶݣҳϸǧҲͲ໹
ǰ׿ҷӡ
С̶һۣӦһġǺǡߴٰ׿ȥե̲֭ҵбÿԼϽ
׿ϺϺûأ˵ﲻե֭ķ𣬻Ҫեʲô
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С̶һ΢Цե֭ʳİ⣬Խڸкʹ⿿󷨴߶ȫһġ
׿Ϻǯ֮Աǡ
ͱѹˣΪԥվС̶һߡߣ̧һЦѩڣСףϼǵѵ̫ˣûͻƣټӴȲС
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һƵӰ֣ôΰȥֱͨ칬ֻһӰҲɢǿϢС̶ʶסֻʣֳ֮顣
ϵͳĵȴЩƮ紩ԽǧĻ
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һȺİϤӰ֣ʩһ㱳СƨƨߵسӰȥ
С̶ۣϸϡ
ûĻоЩк֮ܶǰ͹ʱϵͳġ֮ӡ
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Ȼҷһǿģ嶼Щɵ
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ЩһнĴУʱһСѧ̨ŵʦһձеԵļЩĪػ̿֡
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С̶֪ġʩ֮ӡôֻһߣһ̲סͷǿеӰǿӳյֵ̧ڶǰĵҲ̫Ŀˣʲô˰ɣ
ص͹ݣòһʣַŻ˶
Ϊ׿ͼʾûпԶǸʵİûʲôʵʵǿ⡣
ãϵͳô֪ΣС̶˿
ɾһǽ֮⣬ŲСԺ̨ϣԶһз۾
׵ĺһ̾Ϣ˵ϻ
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һ̾һԱߵĿֱɿĸһһ̾øƵˣ֪Ͳ׼ҵæˣ㵽Ҳ˰
˵˻˵ߣ˵Ǳ˦˵Ĺĵص
ЦҡҡͷͲŵƢȻҲԼסԲԣ
˵ۣǵкһ΢⣬ңңԶɽ࣬̿˾Ͱֵɣڻʱ򡭡ʲôСϺ
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һִʲô߸Ծ𣬷ҡβͳ໽кȴźڵϡ
˵£ʱҲɾĪµĵطΪ֮һ䣬Ҳճʵʡ
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׿۵һֻСϺݹȥСôҲѧҽУ
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ڰ׿ɻĿУԶԶض˳ȥϺʢŵĺɫ֭ˮ£СԺ̵Ĳƺϡ
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СʮɻѰ˼ѵϺǳԲڣ
ԼʣϺҧһڣĵ۵졣

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С̶ֻݣүȴ·𿴵ɽƽ𡣶ԽǮĿΣֿٵһľӪģʽ֮͵ʥãгɾ͸ǣһ۷塣
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С̶̧ۣۼطԼɵʱӳλȻ΢ЦȴԽԽһ˿˿ΣյϢ
Ϊ˵öԣΣձ֮ǰС̶ʱɫȻλֻǶԲǿ԰Ƿչɹ̶󣬾ˮ̲һ
εĹԡ
λڴӺϻаȥŮŮԪԪķʽУϼȶһ£λڶԣζҪ޸ĹӶʽľȡתΪӮʽ˫ޡ
ɹô޸ĵģ
λڴܽʾ֭ǿĳһ汾֮Уѡ
ֱճ
С̶⼸Ҳ˽һ£ʲô־̺ķ
ϵͳҽܣ·
ǲ÷Χͻʮֹ㷺ǵλЩ֮ʿ棬ԼһʿҲǴ֮ֻҪСģһʿʳüɡ
С̶Ҳ˼ٲϲ
ζʵ任ŷʽҲζĽڲ͹»һº
ʱҲ˼뷹
жˡ
Ҫλڽй̶ǾͲòǺò⿷ʽ
ʶҳϸС̶˼Ƭ̣ǰһ
뵽һ־ѵİ취
ûãһֵģɢ˿˿Сʳбλڵɽš
յһλҲ͹ݵĹõУŮŮʱΧһͶĿ⣺ʲô
֪Ҳ죬ʱֻ˵Ҳ͹ݵƷ
ָڱĦǺСͱͨʿȴûʲôв
Сĵؽҿеĸӣһɰڶ𣬶ڿʢ֮ʱȺзһľ
ǣ
¡Ʒʽ
ǲ𣡡
򿪱еĹҲʮ־㵣ǺеȷϤĲ㣬Ѱȫһֲͬ⿷
׷С飬һԲӨһƬ۵⣬ɫм佫ϵһ𣬱ϸ۵ʣɢɢһɺŵζ
ǰģһغɫĽֱ֭֬棬С̶֥飬;µʳʱСˡ
λڵĵ
˵ˣ͹ݡ㣬Ҳδʳ÷ʽ
ϼĲʽʳΪɢȻ˵һСʳˡ
أԺ˻ڷʱȻһСŽ
Ҳ͹ݵĳվԿɿ˵ôСܹҲʢʮݶѣﹻԣ
Ϊǿ꣡
ڵɲǣ΢ĿڸڹӣһȪˮˬ˳ÿһſëӿü̾
׽£Ŀڸùз
ôȥָо
׷Ŵȴ޹ǣڼ֭֮ŹɵζһȥۻɽŽܸܵ׷ĵԡ
ϲ˵ζ߼õذһһˣ·̤űԶǧعƮѩһƬױƫƫڻرβĻȣƮѩľԶĺ
ó԰

һ룬ڲ֮ӿȻƬѩɫ磡
ʳģȴװعĴȻѣ¡¡̮ıѷȼȼһգ
Ե棬˿űѩأϸȥٲȻһ㣬һȵġġƾζϯ˿ǻİԵ֮㡣
ذóԣ
˫糺졣
ͻĿڸУԵʸַͻļۻڽƣһ־Ĵ䣿
벻ôˣΨһ뷨ٳԣٳһڡ
ɻûϵڶ飬б㱻һߡ
ΧȺڼǸﻹǺεζʳ
ңһڣ
˰˰
ôϻҵġ
֮תλڵŮŮͨ廨ŵջֻʮλ˶õƷĻᡣ
ǻż֮ĽƷƬ֮ƷĹһȫھѵζˡ
ֱбߣʣµĲҲȥ˵궯԰Щ
ϸϸֶζ
ûϵԲ˵˳ԵҲòôСһ飬ҧҧûˣܹأ
˳ȵĿٶȻۣõеλϣ׷ʵ˽ʲô֣
ǽС˾ŬţǸֵ֡
Ҳ͹ݴôӦһ֮ṩ٣
ֵǸϢҲ͹˵ֻҪԤ㹻ֻ࣬ҪһǰȥͿֱн˴ˡ
λܱƹݲʽǴгɣպµĲƷҲŵĵԲˡ
ۼ˵ǣЦ˵Сˣз

ǾͰλڴˣ
׿ＸСɵ˾ɸеЩ˼顣
˵ģôд򷢣
С̶׷ɹɵϲϣһţ⣬һ㵰Ƶá
һЩһЦֻΪṩݵķˣպɿ͹ݳԲˣǲ͹ֲֻвһζ
Ʃ緬ѼǸݴɱûųء
С̶ĥֶδܵЧûǴųɹͰƩ硪˿սİ׿
ǲ˵Ч治׿СһȦмüĿˣѹ˵ÿֻӶһ֧Ǳɡ
׿룬Ӧ˵Ҳǡ
СȻ࣬ԽɳӣֽעС̶еİƷ˾ϣſˮʵС̶ʲôó𣿡
С̶ͷҲ̧Ʒһ㳢
׿ȫûںƷ⼸֣ĵ죬үܡ
С̶ƷƷƷΡ

ʵ֤ƷζҲĺܲ
˾һְ˳Ƭѵȣ϶Թϲ׷Ϊϡ
С̶ܲƹϡݫġȵһϵʳģ㲻ٰ׿úܸɾ
Ҫ˵ζɻ㡭˾ʤһ
УС̶ŰڤϺմŽоǼ˾Ҳܵ˰׿ĸ߶
ֻϧû֥ʿ
ϼ磬С̶Ը㵽顢ҡ֡ΨҲ֥ʿĺۼת룬֥ʿҲ˾ı䣬ĸоȻС̶ĿмȴδʺϼʿǵĿζԻա
ⲻӰоƬ
ĩø㣬˵ĹʵĥɷĩˣгɲƵıƬһƬ͸պĩͣڵǼµʷ
ֳԷһƳҲѸܵ˴ڵһ
Ƭķʽϼ粢ַʽΪڡʹѰգܶҲϲƬΪ¾Ʋˡ
ڣиڣͨƳСɡ
ڼĳѺС̶бŷڣСԺɹɡ
һȥνֺ;תͼĽҲβʱˣС̶͵͵ȥȥĵϸʵǲ뵣ƮһͨľϷ׵硢ľˮ¡ԶԶػʩһĳ¡
治
Сع˼죬ĳһղ͹ݿţʱ׿͵ȥһȦʱȴüͷ壬ɫ쳣ࡣ
ôˣС̶ʮֺ棬ʲôԾĵط𣿡
ֹǲԾ
׿顱عϲ͹ݴţڼɻĿвϺľֽ˾۵һѹɤҷųȥ߾˺öˡ
ҴչȥкܶϵʿҪｨһС¥͹ݣ
ˣ֪Ҫʲô͹𣿡

85£һ
ϼ֪Ĳ͹ʵ١
ݵؽϣС̶˵ü֣ɽ̨ʳȻ⻪իǰʢϼ׶ǲĲ͹ݡ
ʱ׿˵µĲ͹ݣС̶һӦ뵽Щֺš
˹⻪իС̶ȫûù⻪իһƫƧСϿի
νֽãȫתͼƻͶʹãپһʱĿڱͣʱз츲صı仯⻪իѡפĸҲӡ
ЩӦ֮顣
˵׿ĵ˵ǹ⻪իʱ͹м˶סˡ
Թ⻪իҲ͹ݼٶ֣С̶ҲûֱײȻ
׿˶ЩĴָʶǿţô찡С̶Ҫ⻪իˣ
ȻУС̶Ĳױȣвڿڣ⻪իʷƷƿɲ˵
ʲô
С̶ֹһϸüͷ
ʵҲЩţǶ˳һȵļƣŬԼƽ⻪իֲǲǣҲĲ͹𣿡
뿪ǱˮڣӦԵİ취
һԾţԸƵˮڣС̶仰˵Ĳ
˵΢΢ףü΢ЦЦ׿Сףôţһҹ⻪իѡ
˵ɣôܲţ׿ͷǿǹ⻪ի⻪իһòã
սӶ֣սӶ֡С̶˼ҲŸѡַӶûͿʼˣ
ҪǸսϣͽҾģҪնʾڵģ֪𣿡
׿

⻪իͶ뽨裬λǶ˼Ӱ졣
һը׷׷ɴܣ׿ϢûãĽţſڱʣСǰ˵ǹ⻪ի
С̶ЦãҲûأ
һ⡣
Ľæҡͷ췢ıģ֣µرʾǹիիʲôիضΪҲ͹ݳͿأ޵Ͷ뵽޵Ϊ͹ݶеΰȥС̶ٶģ͸ˡ
С̶ͷۣʿŬ򶨵Ͽһ˿ҡ
ĽСǰǰʵӹɣ͹ݾӪľʵô򵥡
ʿĦָ⣬С̧ͷȥƳС̶ɫλǰôһֳ뻯ĳգĻֳܷ˼ȥ˽⾭Ӫ֮
ǾӪеH£Щ޷򵥻ģݺݵ˸ͷҲûġ
ʱС̶֣ĽеԼߡ
ѹɤʿһ
Ľһţ۾ԽԽ󼸺С̶ͶأԭˣԭˡСǰȻѾ˷ḻ׼Ҷˡ
˵С̶ʩһתüɫسţżʱܣ
׿һԿæչȥҲС̶üŪۣС̶УղŸ˵ʲôˣҲ˵˵£
С̶һۣ޳ָ΢΢һЦ
й¶
׿ͺί
ãû죬νܿǰ
һ΢͹ݼ˸ոտţһĵϢھµ֮νʽ
С̶żϽȥֻһʯ·Ҳ͹ǰԶԶ̿һƣƯĵɫľó카Сlogoһֱ쵽ƽǱߡ
ʵС̶Ƶ̯λҲûжôۣϾС̯λԼʵΪСͳһģʽһɲС𺳡
ÿ̯λƣ֮ǰԼľɫԶͨ滨ľڲСת̯λδ˿Խעָ⣬ֹգԼ̯λ֡
Ͽմż˿ӵ·ͷһֱͷС̶ɽеõУȻĿǰ˿ϻǿŵģպԸݸֽգϲʵơзΧ
·ľͷֱͨ׸ԺҲȪڵׯ԰ԺǴȪ߾ͶȻߵνϡ
׳ۡ׿̾ţС̶ӶôģôϡŹֵ⣿
С̶ҡҡͷЦվھ˵ļ϶ѡ
ֹǾˣǼ˵ǵصʳ֡СԽĻҪӦվһļϰɣ
ν֣С̶ﻹԴֲڣ԰׿Ｘ˵Ѿǿٵذĳ
׼ү˵ֿҲ˳źüЦãá
ȻС̶ġҵͼʵ֮ǰչЩĻţֻүӺȣһ˿ˡ
͵ν֣׼үδеģһչЦʮĺӡ
ǸҪˡ
С̶İ׿ļ˳ֱ㲻ɵЦСͣ£ĳչֻǻҪܶˣ̷ܶ
׿ʮ㣺û⣬ңҪʲô

λڵĹյһ
һݵĳʳС
˾ȴС̶顢ľƷ汾򿪵ɲǰڣѿӨ͸ϸ۵Ϻ⣬Ž¶Ļƹϡ˿ɫʳƴһŽذɫسӯӯ֡
ֻһڣλڵĵǱ׷ݣΪʳķ²Ϊζʵ̫ˡ
Ⱥɫڴݼѣ֭ҺһſԲڳݼĿڸиղܣϺۻһ㽴֭һ˿ϸ΢ζϱЧǽζ˼¡
ʹҲôóԣں˻Ϊεɫ츮֮գӴȺɵļĵã
λڵһ̻ʣܿ콫ʳһɨգŰ׿üЦǮ򣡡

Ǯ
ɰ׿ǱҸһȺΧ±һҵͷС̶Ľ̵Ц˼ǷƷֻͣ
˼ᣬʱ⻰ĺ壬Цôͷ
Ҫʲô˵
׿Цú񣺡Ҳʲô£ڲ͹⽨һ֣Ҫչɳڵʿ׳ǰæһ£Ҫ̵ѡ
С£
ȺйЦˣһΪǲ͹ݵĴڻת⣬׷ĸء

׿ɰͰ͵ЦţС죺λŮ㣬⻰ǰ˵˵ˣǧڲ͹˵
ʱ˵٩Цֵ˵˵Уǲ͹ʿСҲ̫ʳЩ
׿ĵֹǻʳǼֱǳ//ذһ˩С̶ˣÿͷƤ飬ҲС̶˼ٶۣȻڶûʲôӦ
ǳŰԣ˷ܣǻûְɣ
ʵУһط

ĺɫƣ׿ſյĴλڷء
һ·ΣС۾飬һģ
صҲ͹ʱС̶νϹҲʵơ
С̶ó200֣ϵͳһƣͺ͹նϼ綥ʦգҲĻܼ۵Ҳˡ
֮ԲҪϵͳʵƸΪAΡʾڲпһʩչܽܡӹ̣һͲˡ
һʵʩװĴ𻨣ӨӨâصӳ͸ʵϼĹ⡣
С̶ڵ˩ߣʵһνָ߿գɽԶεٻɫů⣬Өͨ͸ӳ硣
񣬻ëɫɫĲʵ΢лתҫĿ
׳۵ĳȡ
ɽҲû׳ۡ
лƣȴǸҵ׼ԵģββҲգм仹ܳĿ϶ںڰĽֵһɢҵĹ㣬С̶㣬ֱʵӳ֡
ĲϼĹâҲв˶ΧֻסæµС̶̾Ưʲôأ
ٵʮ죬Ǿ֪ˡ
С̶ü䡣
ʱ׿󷵻أһԾ£УС̶ˣ
ô죿
С̶ػعͷȻĶ󣿡
׿ٺٵЦȻλڵĽǽҵġ
˵Ű׿ＷȺյС̶ߣ갵֣ק㿪ߡѸײڶ֮ƽһСС̶У񽻻鱨һѹɤСúãλ͸ġ
С̶
΢ůıᣬС̶뷭ʲôȴ׿ŵһѰס
Сӳ弾ķŬŬ죬ƴС̶ʾ⣺ȥٿ
ʲôصġ
С̶Ī켸䣬Խ
ǡʱ£ƮƮɣС̶΢΢һЦС̶Һˡ
쵲ʵͶâɣһ㵭ߡ
ü۱ӳз·ӳźǺӣƳ˳شӼͷɨ£̧һЦȫ׳۵ĳƽ־
С̶ɰյ汩ʱһ£ٻʱ˫նЩ̡
΢΢ͷܿĿ⣬ǿ¡
ݿݣƾɫԹϵͳƷײͣҲ˷ôмܵס
Լ֮ǰҸ񼾴һƯϱ
С̶εҡҡͷԺһ˲ҵ˼˦ȥЦõϼôˣûȼÿ
λЩ޶ĹҲֻƽ뼾ദ⼸Ĵյֵ
ԭУЩǵʥŮ
ûмˣԭ㾡Ĵ壬֪ΪΣС̶оЩҲȲļÿûɣʾֱ
Ǻÿ
Сֹšÿÿôÿô족С̶չؼҡ͹Ҳһãߴң˿ߣߣپһдָϿա
ϾҪ⻪իϾͲ䡣

νֳԹģƱѾ¶ˣʿӰ׸ԺΪ˳ų߹Ҳ͹ݵӪҵ˽һС̶ȻæµȴҲʮֿ
ӽʱ͹һλĹ˿͡
ȹŮ߽ʱС̶պôӺ߳΢΢һ㶣㣿
ŮĹһĿС̶ϣ毺õüͷ𣺡Ȼ㣬Сʦ
Сʦ
͹м˵Ŀʱɵؾ۽С̶ϣСʦʲôƺ
С̶Ҳһ£ͻȻΪ˰ѾغһͨͻȻЩ飺òᡭ
ȥˣ
ͷεЦ绨ǰлСʦָ㣬ڶڳȫͬ⡣˵СʦʱѾأҼͷӶ͵öࡣ
ЦųС̶գۣȴǽ֮ɫˮתﲨ
С̶һһġСʦͷƤ顭ĪرҲЩ·ϢڱϬĿš
ǵ߹ʱС̶ʶ˲ܿŮİϸ֡
С̶ЩŵضأС׽Ͳ˰ʲô¿˵͹ݻûȣһҪȥء
ôܽ׽
˫ֺʮС̶Цӯӯذһ£ǶԹҵ֮ǾҵСʦ
ʦָͽһô£
ʳĵĸж֮ģѾᵽˣƷҲΪʳַʵζ𺳣Ҳһϣ֪һηչ
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Ҳ˵زƷһʹĵζŹ֮ٴȦһĸرĸƵϳĳô
벻ͨ
С̶
˴γѡλضһ־ϲҵС̶ֺĳֺͳĲ͹ݣ־ϲ֮ӿ
ĿӯӯС̶ڴص˵Щʲôڿ¶֮ʱҲϵİСʦҲѧľġ
⻪իפĴ㣬ֻҪϽңϾͿԴǩԼҲ͹뵽⻪իķիȥպ⻪իԴȫΪ㳨㿴Σ
һϾǹ⻪իի
⻪իһҶ͹ݼիͨķիɳĵӵի˶իĻ֮١
ҵϵ׿֮£С̶ԳΪ⻪իһի֮ŬһӶ޷ִ۷壡
ĵضС̶ȴŴϿϲɫ
˺ܾá
ͻȻʩչ˾С̶Ư΢΢ԾãȻĹ⣺ΪʲôҪȥ⻪իի
Ҳˡ
ΪʲôʲôΪʲô
ģѵ˲⻪ի
Ůתɿ˿ܵɡ
Ҳȷˣ֧ţյ洫Ĳ͹ݣԲԸⲢ⻪իΧ
С̶Ȼû֧ŵġ
ʣµģֻ洫͹һֿܡ
ЦŽ͵СʦҲ˼͹ȻģǩԼͿϼϹ⻪ի֣Ժʲô鷳⻪իѽ
⻪իԺգ֣ǰ˾޴ıɡͨŵʿٲǣͬʱҲǿáʮ㣬ϼ磬һҲ͹ܾܾջ
С̶ãˡ
ΪʲôҪԼĲ͹ǰ͹ݵ֣
Ұ⵱һҫ
˲ɣ

86
С̶˵൱ɸ廧תΪ꣬С̶ȻǲܽܵģǰЩܵҶưɣ˵ݣƷ⿷ʽʱ涨ˣС̶ǳ˹⻪ի˻
УԲС
⻪իС̶Ĳ˵С̶ҲӦһԼҲ˵Щʳģϵͳǹؿ϶ҲȥС̶СӹúܿģҪ£
߹Ͼܾˡ
ŮȻ˵⻪իפɣ
֪С̶ͷ
Ƕͷʩһֱעš
֪㻹Ӧüͷ΢壬Ŀǰ࣬ԴҲޣⲿֿԴ⻪իȻҪѵ⻪իݣ
С̶ͷ
졣̧졣
ȻȣҲܿȴֲΪȻӡ
⻪ի̫ˣʹС̶ʮ־СʦҲΪԷڹ⻪իĽ֮´
Ůյҧ´Сʦ㾡쿼ǰɣ֮ڣԼȻЧ
⻰С̶ʮֲˬѾͷ﾿Ǹʲôģ
ָڹ̨ϲ᲻صߵ˼£ҪûˣͿ߰ɣ߻дء
£ôû£
̧ͷƣҲǿˣҪ͡
С̶ʲô
صҪǵˡ

ϣС̶Ƿǽ
ڲ͹һͨоС̶˵Ч콫ŲѹףֻżԼһٽȻǲϲ˵ġ
С̶ֱ˵ǲ˲Уһ
ؼˣôУ
ǵȫþˣίϯ̾ίΪгɵĴܣȴΪС̶һĻؼ¡
ǳУŮ󷨵ܣȡʵһʳģǵҲ֮ǰĳ۷壬ɵС̶ĸȫϲ˱ǶŨ㣬ίȻȵҲ֤ˣһƷζȡ
ֻϧ־棬ɲǰҪƷ
Сʦҳʯеǡ
ؿͰ͵ڹ̨ԣС̶λϵĴ䣬ֲСʦߴͽ̣ҲһܣԸṩСʦ
ɲοбϣС̶ҧŲɿڡ
ʲôܣ֪Ȥ
ҪûУҪûС
ЩˣС̶͹ݵĲ˵ݸŮЩǲ͹ṩĲʽԣʹѡ
㬵ؽӹ˵ɨۺƲ죺ϲ˵ĲˣƽҲڵĲʽͽҶǧʦˣСʦҲҿС
ǡ
Ůһ£ѹɤԾ΢⣺СʦʹЩʳʱĸܣ
ʲôܲܣ
С̶΢㵵룬˵ȻϣóԣʳⰡ
û˵ʲôֻüأ㲻ѡǾˣ
ԥƬ̣ҧС
ҪСʦֵģǲ͹ݵƲˡ
ʯܹ
С̶ЦЦû⡣
ԽǸӵĲʽ׼ʱԽѾ׼Ҳ͹ݾõȵ׼ΪĿУС̶ֺò˶Ȼ򵥡
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ᶾǿ̧ͷּЩ㲻֣͸Ҹôô˵ҪֶǿӲһЩƫ㿴ǵϵĳŮΪ˳żͼλãȻҪСطԿ͹ݣ
Ҫ˵ѹͲҪЩþġ
ʲôŷּҰѪҲҪ
ҲվӣԼ䲻䣡
˵˵ţĿڵĻҲӿ
Щѹ˺ܾãֻǿ׽˵ķϣһֱ˵ڡ
£ˡ
㶵
ͻȻоЩʶǰĵܵˡ
ᶵԻ𱬣ǰһ˳δŭģ
ŭлԾűĹ⣬ŶĳЩĿ
ŭưΣ
Ŭƽ
ᶣ侲һ¡Щ飬Ҹоˡ
ֻּǰֳȥһҲ޷ֱ𣬶ҵѪ⼸֮ʱҲ˺ܶ飬ʵ֮λҲûôǿ
ᶣ
ſڱ뷴æȱ廰˵
ʵ㵣μûôǿĵִȷǿվֶܺġҪ⻪իһʵǸѡҲѹֳϻв˸߿һۡ

Ů˶٣΢Щ˼ҶȨıЩȤ⻪իϣҪ͹ѹ˵ʵԹСʦһͷ˸׷ĶᶣʳĹ𣿡û
һһٵҧ
˵ԼԼ֮λȤһͺڵ÷·̿
˶ըˣһ緢ĻɽȻƴѹ֣ɴضѣɽ嶼ĵ׵Ĺǧ϶бųȵġǧȸµҽ
΢δ
ǺĳհԵ̾ţһľ磬ǰֻܴһǣһҲˡᶣҲҰɣ
ᶱտڲԡ
ĺأĵ׵ĻɽѾҡҡ׹
ؼһ㣬ּҵì˼ң㵣μìҲܻһüꡢʮǹ⻪իڲ÷ֱǡ
㣡
ϡ
ɻ̧ͷԼҵܷܵģ޿̵
˶ڶɤҲ㣬ȥ̽۷ˣô죿
ô죿
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⡭
ˣᶣʵûҪôࡣкôȴҲǸҼǵ֮ǰ˵뵱һ
ɤ⣺˭˵Ҳģ
һ䣬ٿظоԣæֽ͵㣬ǲ뵱Ҳ÷ּ˵
㵱Ҹ㣬𣿡
˼Ƭ̣λҲܱȫܿգϻҲ
ᶣ£԰ڳϻȡһҪλá
ʵ̲ˡ
Ъ˹ش󺰣㣬ҲҪʲôϻᣡ
ǿԳΪΪʲôҪԶȥ׷ϻ᣿㣬㲻ܾôӲɣ㲻˦ң㡪㲻ô˽
ᶷ߷ߵغţš
ֱһ仰£ڶŨĻҩζƫƫּ䰲ɢȥ
ãȻ𾪵ǰꡣ
Ӳ֪ԼҵܵܶȨǿִŮãСͬ׽˵Լ뷨Ϊʹȫ˶ԣܵҲһվ֧
ˡ
ס
⡣
㣬ȥòã
ǰڴߡ
ֻ޼ҿɹСشͷ۰Ͱ͵̧ɤһ˿ǻ㣬һЩȥòã
Ҳ뱻ּѹͷϣĲ룬һ߸ϳģͺ޲ɱûӣλ϶ҪǶɨسţȻѷּЩѪӵĴ̧
㣬֪㲻ϲЩ߰ȨףûϵЩҡ
ֻҪⳡлʤԺͿ԰ĵгˣʲôۻңòã
Ŵͷ
ĬãŮ΢ɤ΢ƣᶣ׽̫ˣҪôȥ
ɿڵļᶵ۾ʱһ˷ܵû½㣬üǸҲ֪ǵ·ɣǵ˴ù
ֻҪЩѲ͹ݽ϶Ӯ
˵ż򵥡ؿЦ̯˫֣ڣŵûС
ȥѽ
㣬Ҳ͹ݹϵôãȥһ£
еô࣬òҲ˷ѣǰһ²Ҳܺ𣿡
صʮָӣᶣŶԸСʦӣȥСʦأ
ŮбɫԽԽŨ۵ˮ⣬ᶲδע⡣
Լ뷨Ʋںһضѣʲô˲ġ
ҪǲϽ裬˵Ҳʲôöαļһһ·ɫˡ

106
Ҫ˵ˡ
ᶵੲݱϣ̧ͷȴ֪ʱѾˮ⡣
Ůⰵؿصᶣ˵ЩĻ
Ȼ
еסЩ޴룺ô˽㣬˵ﲻ𣿡
ʹļףȻԡ
ȫԡ
óʹĿԼĵܵܣӶԷãȻϤ۽üҴɨ
ʱǸĶصӡУܵƺǸСëӣ·ջ׷ƨɺײײܣŴŴɤš㡱
תһ˲䣬ͳˡ
ģҲˡ
ᶣҲãҲգˣ¡
ص˺õûδ֮ھܣһ鼤ڵơ
岻ײػ˻Σɫ԰ףǿţԳϣ˲ŻԳ㡣Ҳ͹ֻİˣ֮ǰСʦߴͽ̣имȴδܸأǺ޹ϵƾʲôҪѵؽ㣿
ᶽ죬ظĵҲš
Ҫ˵ֻ
صɫҲӲࣺĵأҪҪҲ˵㣬ⲻܳΪصɣ
ᶴͷһ
ͣƬ̣ƽԸʯɡлᣬȥСʦ̸̸ܴܲи߼һ顣
͵̧ͷ⣿
ԣֻ⡣
ɤᣬȴɣķչǱ˶ʱȥСʦأٶʯҲռıˣֻ⣬ֻ⡣
ᶿǽ㣬Ҳ̫
Ҫ˵ˣ¾ôˡصᶣСʦԸ⣬ҲǧܶԹ
й˲ȥСʦţͲҪԷرӦ⡣ʱпգѵϼɡ
ᶲ鲻ԸŶ
ӣͷɥתߣȴͻȻֱػס
һ£Һúýͽ͡
ضؿ˵˳ȥˣ
ôһ£

յҲ͹һĻ𱬡
С̶ǰڵĲȡ˳Чȥתͼսһȥ׸ԺһȪ֮ν֣Ҳ͹ݵʲˣѾʿ֮һֳ
׻ʯˮӿС̶Ĵ䣬յĿҲĲȴΪ̾С̶˼֪ͷɵ˾⡣
űܻӶ£нĩ򵥷󱬷Ũ˵ζ
һ̲ˮϲС̶ȴû취עڲϡ
ʱʱͷźΧá
վΧһߡ
ʵǰΧС̶ҲоĴڡ
ܳͱը˻˻ײȴʱС̶ȫȫһУҲֳ˼ȥǣЩʲô
ɽյȫͬС̶ȫҲ״̬·һεĤʹʳĵҲɸе䡣
ƽӶĻڸ쳣ʱ޿̲ĻѾˡ
ʢ˵ļ϶С̶ס̧ͷ͵á
ĿʶɨĽ䣬С̶ԼûʶɨƬյʱ΢̺һ˿΢ɲʧ䡣
ʲôûб䡣
ƺʲôʮֹ졣
С̶زЩѹ
һֱϿС̶һ˿Źһײ˶˿
Ǽ򵥵ļҳˣһƽŹǰú嵭ζζƽںϣ˿Ửڼ
ҲۣӼҧʱ۰׵ıǳɫĲ˿¹ǰѾƯİ͸ɫӿʱȷ·һ㱡ɴá
׿һ˺һ룬ȴԾò׿⼸ձС̶ǿƼʣһһܳζ
˿ŹȻ嵭ŹҲʵʵѽ
׿߾룬۰Ͱ͵С̶һ룬С̶Цõؽӹ룬ָڴԵü£У㲻ٳˡС⼸ռгЧɲܹһ㿴綼
ɲǼҭɤ
ûǸϤİӰ
Ҳ͹ݵĲ˽ʱʵе㼷񼾳ڣʵλÿ࣬һ˲䣬С̶ͷͻȻӿһɬ
·յĲλãĿڵʲô
С̶Ҳû׿˵Цˣ΢ĬĬ룬ʰ;ߡ
ײڰĴﴫ졣
һԣź̧۳С̶׿ôЩ֮ΧԣҲټ£첽С̶ʰꡣ
ǰҪҲɰ׿ʰһβǾһѹһ̬Եæ
ȵжʰ׵С̶һš
Ҳ֪ԼЩʲôֻЩ㱣ǻ㱵عϳţ㱵شֹİ׿߹㱵ߵСԺԺ¡
ɫˮԡ
ȴ轣
С̶ǿҲҲįµҲüۣ޾ɵſڵϲ붯
׿ﰵ꿿СС̶ǲ鲻ã
С̶˵ͷ˵ǣ׿ŶƤ̾Ҳһ˵߾ˣҲ߯ٳһ롭
С̶ߣǲһлл
֤ݻأ׿׷룡
С̶붼û¡
ΪʵǺθڡ
׿ߺߣС̶Ҳ̫ѹֲǲ˵ֶɵĲȥµĲ֮ǰкͳлɽʱҲû˥
С̶ҡҡͷʶǲһ
׿ﲻһ
ﶼһ
С̶סˡ
¹ڵͶ°߲ӰԼĵͨͨû졣
ԼǿҷԵôᶨغŲһȴɻġ
Ϊʲôһﲻһ
ıˮŸ߲㣬ΪǿҪĸȼ
ǲһһ
ԼǿˣȴƫƫܸԼİȫС
ǰȫУǸ˵Ĵڱζڲͬ
ֻҪıӰܸеİֻҪÿһкӵһĺ飬ֻҪҹܿһ׽ƣ̼һɨաС̶ôȣջһλһλ˿͵̾һĬĬվڿյ£С̶ͻȻ֣õһֱǸ˵ϲ
Ǽ򵥵һ䡰óԡ
ȥҼ硣
УС̶ٿվ
۵ԾãȻѸٱᶨɫڸǡȻʱ˿̣С̶Ҳ޷ԼԼĸ¸ۣ֪ԼҪǸˣ̣ϡ
һһҲȡ
Ҫȥ
лҪ˵
£سʲôС顢Ϸ

107
ȥĶ
ããҹɫ£׿ԴЩͬС̶һЩòáǿǽ۷壬ﲻڻ£֪
С̶ҡҡͷҲ֪
ȴ쳣ᶨȻҲ֪ȥ֪տ϶ȥһط
׿Ķ
С̶һһٵƺڡ
׿ĺһ˲ƺڣݣ
˿ǿɲʲôط˵ݸ֮ҵúܣҲӣ㿴⻪ի֪ˣǵի
С̶ЦãҸӰԺ˵Ҫѷֵ꿪ȥأʱҪǻô˵˿ô㡣
ԴӼҡһ䣬ԭǣС̶Ͳ֮ǰĵִ̬ԭ¼ˡ
֮ǰݴյأ̶ˮС̶Ҳع˲Ű
磬ôݣɽˮˣ
ɽˮԭĺڿɶǵĵ̡
ֻԭĵǿŵһ·С̶ԼȫЩΪƣһЩ޷⣬֮·ӦҲԭһѡ
ͷһ𣬱ѸĿڻջǵȼܿС̶뵽һ⣺ˣ͹ݺνô죿
νֲŸոҵϵʱ򣬲͹ݸֻһλ⿲ȣҪˣȲ͹ݾ͵ùš
ǰװױĹ⻪ի
һˮѸٽС̶ĵ׸ոӿĻȡ׿ҲһԳüС̶Ҫˣǲ͹˭
ܲǡɣ
С̶ļ򣬡Сףˡ
Ѳ͹ݹһ£Ҳܽ׿ѽ
һ룬Ҳ͹ݵӪȻźܴ⣬νֵǿиͰ׼ү͹С̶ţ͹ݾҪ̱
С̶ʼϵͳԺС߶ϵͳϵͳûʲôεİ취
߶ãϵͳûгС̶㿪齱ҳ棬̽ذ°ť
ǰһŽ⡣
ΣϲлƽϵвƷ
ûõx1
һö͸ĶʯС̶У󣬷ʯͷһӲȴˮƵ壬¹ɢӫ⣬ָҡʡ
ϵͳʾ֮һС̶ⶫãһԼĻӰб֮һÿտԶָֻάһʱ䡣
Ȼϵͳû˵С̶²ⶫʹú۳ӰбӵеȫһС̶ӵһµĿʱ䡣
õصս䣬С̶ֳָЦݡ
Ȼղһʱļ˿ͨˣʹŻõϾֻʮ죬ʡʡνֵ׵١һ棬С̶Ҳڵһ
ͻԪӤʱ
ǵģȷϼԭǺС̶ȷͻƱȻǽһźţһʱѵԼ̳źš
ĦŴ䣬С̶֮࣬Щп
Сװ㿴ǲ͹ǲҲѧͽ֮ˣƽʱҴ֣ʦ˻ܸ˳ˡ
һʱࡣ
С̶ϲ³ϲԼĲ͹һ޵УУҲϣһס
ҪԼȼٵʱ
׿ͷͻȻС̶㲻ҳ˰ɣҸҿѧᰡֻܳԲǺζֲ壬ͺʹ׻ŷţҪѡң϶ڡ
С̶Цãȥİɣ˭ˣ
ֲɵ
ССףͲҪð׿ˣǻС̶
ò˼죬ǲ͹ݺòµļҵ׾͵ÿȻһҡҡ׹Ĳ硣
׿ţ˿ҡ˵Сүˡ
ң˭𣿡
ܲɣ
С̶ӻѱ߲أҾͷǵôԼ𣿡
Ǳˡ׿Ʋ졣
һ̣Ժͻʱ¶㵵ı飺С̶òȥǸ͹⻪իŮģСʦǸ㲻ɣ
׿˿С̶ôĵӣиߣ͸ô
С̶ͷߣ˵ʲô㣿
ǹǹ⻪իĵϵǧС㣬ҿɲҽ̡
ڹ⻪իС̶еǳװܻһ鷳Ĵʡ
С̶ͲصԽԶԽãʡ챻꼰㡣
ҲǣҲ̫Щ
׿ͷ:Ҫ˵ӦǳſڷŻģʲôʲôիͳͳһѻոɾ
С̶ֲ̾´ˣȥϢɣѧͽԺ˵
Ŀǰûõš
ϼͬʦʵһֵλҲصݣǰС˵˵һΪʦΪ
ôҪľ϶ļҪԵ֡

ʮ⣬һϮµļ̤ԣ
˵ЩΣŨоӯÿҪըڲ͹ﱩ¶ֻǿѹͻƵĳ嶯һ·񱼡
ɱķΧʧȥӳɣǱѹƵΪͻȻٱ/ң˳żתѹȥ˳ԼЩ¡
һͻֱݵӺˡ
ԭһ˲䣬ֱЦáִٱӣûС̶𣬽ڸãһ
ֲܷز͹ݡ
ΪΣΪмӳЧʵ̫ǿ󣬼Լ̤ǸŨһ˲䣬ǻȼһ
û취ֻһ·ƺڵķߣһ·ѰһͻƵ
ãӯûӳ֣ͻӦҲᳬʮ֮
ţ֪򣬼СϷУͻȻ˱֮ǰҪٺܶࡣ
Сɸջʱƹ͵Сδһ㷱æŶڴһģ
˼ƹǰһӴɳ
Цݣƨƨߴ˷ܵش֣ɳסһ仹䣬ҪҪܿǺӵϷѽ
֮ǰС̶ƹĶˣǲ˵Ҳƽ硣һͻ飬üЩӦĬƬ̺Ŵͨͺãһ䡣
ƹ۽΢飬Щʧ䡣Цݿż¥С죬ȥɳ˼СˣϼþƣϴˮʲôźáɳѽôһģλСɳأ
˵С̶û֣ҪСˣҲҪƣϴˮ͸ˡ
֮޻ǣҪϴ衣
ƹעԷǰ䡣
ףϣ
ƹüЦ弾ʹգգ۾ôɳûбȥԷƯС磿

ⶼЩʲô߰ģ
һôµļҲ̲סˣʵƹģôˣʲôգ
ôͻȻһˡͣ
һʣǡʵƹʹĴ
ƹü˲˶ûɣҡҡͷ̾ջաȷǷա
ʦû˵򣬾תͼν֣

108
ɳǿɶˣҲյĴС˭֪ϸ£ϱͻȻĳ򣿡
ƹİ̾üͷšһ𣺡һ𣬺ôиɣķȫϵѽ
һҹ֮䣬ĿɣڸǱˡɳ㿴ջʲôʱô
ҹˣϷûۿգ
̾һһҲҲݣɳ´ͼˣջ۳žҪˣѰ̫˰
ƹصɤɳƣգŷ۾򼾳ɳǣǿջƳĺ𷿣סһֻҪʮʯ
ͣЦãֻҪͨ䡣
ҿҿм٣˵ôأɸȻûסʣշҲ࣬û˵ôء
ƹ񣺡
ƭƹġһ˲˿ݵ顣
̴̵ԱһڿջɨɨһȦüͷǽģҲɵͳˣɳҲˡɣôһºһأ
˵ŨڲҲ֪ʱǸͷȵʱĻԸ𣿡
Уһ˵иҲ͹ݣķǽһʲôͶҪζҾ˹ˣⶼǴĸ깴ڳ˰Ȼڳϳ⻪ի
νҲǣöϻ۵Դ⣬Ӵھ;Լˣ̫ˣӹôѽ
ƹ߶߶˵˺ö࣬ͷһȻЦ
üչ΢ůĹ⡣
ƹЩˬɳܺЦ𣿡
еͬģҲԼǵ£Цôİɣ
ҡҡͷǣֻǡЩϡ
ЦƹʵĵӿϵĽƣȫû뵽Ҳ͹ݵѾ߳ôԶϾҪ뿪ݣȴ⧲˫ϣ͹νֵ֡
С̶֪һܿİɣ
ŽǸտʼ
ƹ˵ģºһأ
йĳ嶯ǰƹ񣬶ԷΪ̾Ҳ͹ԼļңԷеľԼ֮ˣԼС̶ȷʵƹ˿˽ĸҪǧ򱶡
ôС̶Ҳϲҡ
ֻţеؿůǣʣ̲סס촽Ц
ƹ񣺡
ȿȣȼɫƹģûɸȥ򣿡
ƹĸƳ̾ɳ˵ˣ
Һγ밡ֻ˵ĵѱռ˿ȥѾʧȻҲ֪ҵܲ򵽵̡
ЦΪβһԣ
ƹģȰȥһˣȪɽׯȪȥҲ͹ԼˣνϹϼ˵оϲ
֮ǰ֣֮С̶ȻΣȴҲóı
ʵ뿪ʱķһˣԥҪҪ취Ĩɸ˵ļ䣬ԴӻС̶¶ʱ䣬ɸݶʱպƹĶǰ֮˵һ
ǷС̶üɸƹкøУڼȷȱһߵĿջЩʿס
ɸ򣬼ǸƹᣬҲС̶ѡء
ͿƹܲóĴС̶ˡ
ƹֺѼ䣬׼ݣǡڴʱɸĴű˲ֻƿ˼һ첽룬ԶԶرŵغƹģһͷ
ɫ԰ף˫ȴ죬Ұް˺ҧз͵͵˻
ʶϸۣͻȻϳ״̬ĵУһа״̬ʮơ
ͬȴףֻȹϰۣ״޲ߡ˼Ƭ̣ջǰȥ˵˿̵״̬˵ӦҽΣ
С̶ڴˣһ涨ʮָп
ΪⴳɸһˣԭбԵɭеԶӣĳҲʮƣֻǵصɭֳɸ󣬼ҲһϵĿˣ˼ͻԪӤ桤С
ڰռָ㣬תкɫۿɼٶȺת˲һյʱ˫ָʶҲɿָ
һ˴ϲ弾лڵ֪ҪǰʱԭĲ޶µһ䣺ɳɷͬУ
Ȼʾԭһ޶˵ˡ״̬ȫͬ
ԭΪϵļϿҵԶӴԼԷӻԼ֤Լңʱ˿ɸڣȴԶޱ𾴵ڿ󼾳ԼͬУһ·ϱӻ
ǿƵ˫ȫת
¶ԥ֮ɫԶǷһżܣһд׷ɱԸⱣǣԸǰǴż
С̶͸¶ģǡôУָһΪǴż
ĳתС̶֪ĵطһʮ״̬ϢػؿסһС顣

ǰǼ˵ǡżʱС̶ڲ͹ﱥܼ尾
ÿ費˼룬ż϶ܵԺԶҵȣͻԪӤǲ
С̶ͻȻЩԼľˡ
鶼ˣĻ𣿻᲻ĳΪ֪ĵطͻƣ˿Ѿƺˣ
֮С̶Ժг̾Żõüչ
׿ԺʱǡÿС̶ͷָʶؿٻõһǣƺǻõٳɼء
׿æС̶
˭С̶޾ɣˣ
׿üŪۣϴҲ

С̶͵ػ񣬵ȵȣϣ
ǳǰС̶ϲشվȥ֮ǰõСϺ
СϺ˾ǰ˰ӡͳĻɽʱС̶о²ʽ
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ٴηһŵɹʩչ󣬼ǰâһӰǰģУǹǿѹȴɢȻǰΪ
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110
ûʵӰԻһѪżʹļ׵ش󺰣˵ȡ
˵䣬ǰڷɢԵˣֻȡһ˱Զ
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ȻЦ޳ַţлɢһྻĳߡ
˵ǳߣʵһ׵ߣľƼгһţǧȴɻȻ£мȱ˼µȴɲ٣ƤǵԼխ̵С
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ҵӰ
Ӱǳѹ̫ѹˣʵϹŴµһרŸܴе
׿ܹ̳²ĵҲһ
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111
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СӣȻûѡҵĴУôҲҿص˲ţϷһԡӺδ˽⵽ɵĴڣӽҪֳɵҫһɴӦ
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112
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ǻʵڿ£С̶ڷϣǰҲµĻ档
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ϸ룬ʵǳѺãϵͳýָһ·ջô֧ԼֿѣСúνַչ죬
ӭ磬С̶΢졣
˷µļ硭
˼·Ӵ˿ʼƫֵɲǣС̶ԺȫһҵӰռݡ
ѩī˪ȴɲǾڻ΢ҡҷӳһǳǳ
Һ棬𼾳Ӱһ˲䣬С̶ͻȻʮƽؿĻҲɢ
ƺС̶ǱʶûʲôǼ˵ġ
УôǶЯһȥԣеҲͲ⡣
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ƺ˵鷳Ҳ鷳˵鷳Ҳ鷳
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ֻҪչ¶ѪܻЩ˵֧֡
鷳ڣ̸伫ֹչ¶Ѫ֮
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ǳ̼ҸӾԲ뵽ǽʾ֭龫ӣС̶Ѿȫ֪
ԭﶼд
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Խ۾ԽüЦѽС̶ϲ
ĵЩС̶᲻̫ðЩ
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С̶ָڴĨͳһСɵƣ峵һΣ
ϹһˮεͼȻǹ⻪իƣͼ·ɷؿһ֡
С̶һһȥĺӡ
˶ϲҲ͹ݣС̶Ը⣬ҲһöΪС̶ڡʱܼʱҵǡ
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ĵǵ㡭᲻Ӻ˹⻪իԼ鷳
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νֿҵǼ£С̶аܹ˺øУС̶ҲǺ
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͹ݿ֮⣬Ҳû취ֻȽˡ
ΨһοģƺҲûҵ֮ڿ͹ݵĵ⼸³ᶺһų֮䵴һء
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ͷʹѣĶȥˣ
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ĳζζζһӶ߸һ̤ĻɻȭɿиߺţȫϣӮˣȾƺȾƣ
˿յسԼȭͷϾƱͷһ
ǾƣʮͭһףƹĳϿңûˮڻɺʮָҡ
Уõľƹݡ
ҲںƵƷΣ˾ͺȣűȻֱ˶أɵЦһšͻȻ̧֣͸ĴţָһĹ⻪ի
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ȾƺȾƣ
ӱöᣬЦѽԲ𻹲𣿡
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죬קѹͣС˿ɺţϴҵǰֵʣֱӱһȷˣڵǽһѪģԺǼҲ͹ݵˣҪǵԶߡ
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΢΢ͷɫӡ
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ڴʣļöͭü¶Ѱһ޶İɥ顣
ȫġɹЦĴļ򣬡ⱭƣǾֵˣǮһһ롣
չüּɺȾƻȭ¶ǣǻͻȻղ˵ģǳϵҲ͹ݰɣ
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ΪΣ΢΢ۣĪǡ
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లشͷһİģʵԾȵĹ⣬εĺβҡڡ
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114
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115
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116
ܿ쵽˵ڶա
ƺʮ£յӶˣƺǰɽİɽս̨Ϊͭȼһ𣬹Ҫʽ࣬ȻǶ
Ӧǰȥۿȶڸ̨һ鲻Ըı飺ѽʲôֻ˵ҵͽˣɢˣɢ˰ɡ
ƺڳǶһۣǺǣˣ
Ӯ˾ܣֵ
ǰ²̨ΣҲҪˮŵļһﳢһζ
һȺʼ˼ȶ
ƺڵĳУ߿Ů˲裬ˮɫл
ǽյݸģЦƺڵƷ衣
Ľ˲յȴȣֻһԡ
ĿһҲδ뿪ս̨⸱ƺڳУȻǵµı֣⻥ʾ⣬¶ղ΢Ц
ȻǾ飡
ϣ

ս̨צɫɴС
ЩǼĵȫ֦ٳɣʱ죬ƺЩ֦Ѿ˿ӣǾȡ
ڳϣ
һīɫϡ
ڰգ˫ڿε絴ʱɨ°ڣ¶һذ׾Ľףݣ·𲻿һա
˫ţźݺƺڵӵǰأѹʱ̩ɽѹһڵԵ
ѽһûأôô򣿡
Цޣ֧°ͣٳϣԹڡ
ɽϿȵһֻ
ְ߳ͽ˵ʲô
ȡʤƺڼԶǿͣûаĵˡ
˵գת峤ʩһƺЩǸ⣺λԲסͽƽﱻҹ߻ˡǡãҲͷλƺǿĵͽһѵ֪ˣ졣
ǣ
ѾˣѾˣ
ƺڳձʱое뵵Ҳˣ׷׷²յŬ˼Բߡ
ķ˲豭
ҿǣһڣᴵȥ渡ǳǳ¡
ѿ䣬䣬
۾΢ƺڳЦò裬Ǻò衣
ǣ
ǣȿȣúȡͶȵ㰡
ѳºȲ裬ɳˣɿȥ֧Ԯ
ǲҰ߲ĳϻὲԵ̫ãС¶á
ǵЩάƺڵϣ
Ǻһһ硣
Ҳһһ硣
뻮һ²Ƶġ
ɫԽԽ࣬ħСȻΰΣڸ̨ƵغȲ裬磬ĺɫĺϡ
Ļ⼸λµĲ趼ҪԼȹˣΪЩѾǰ㣬͵ġ
Ҳơ
⾿꣬ôǴ򲻵
öΣǶǡСࡱϸҡΣһþģɵǳϣȥɻսܣսܣһͿء
֪ģװġ
۷αװЩСƨǸһ
۳ҲˣҲˣǵɫѿ˼£ңңӣĵ࣬ӦÿԽһˡ
ʱ˿̣ƺڹʮµĵӼȫһ١
²豭̾ͻȻָˣ˵ƺ׿ǧѼϼĽ𵤡
ݣˮԶȴҲ˵¼һֱ֮
Ȼɫ䡣
ȨûԹԵ˵ػ΢β
֪λںδϾܷʱ䣬ͽָһ

ʲôҪұԣ
ƺɽۣƣķһɫС¥ϣһϮµڰԣЦˡ
˼оףƺڵĵ£ָҪԣ
˭ǵĵ
ŵС͸һԣԼһƣ̽ȥǲȥ
ϻ
̻һתϣɤ䡣
Ȼȥ
Сͣ
˲Ѿ𵤺𣿡
бп̻˫ֱҡͷҲǽڶѣȥ̨ϣҪҲ߷ɣĶ飿
СͿǲ棬ӵĿɾƺˡ
̻ƲƲ죬֮Աǵô󻰺ңôӢţ˭ȥһ
˵ƺڶΣ̻ԼҪ
֮£󣬳̻ʩʩȻߣƨû˿Ųѵ˼
ָ̧Լֵ˱һºسԲ֣ԸԺ󰡣±ҡ
ҵȥ
Ҳϵš
ֻҪһۺ;ĽĿͺá
һϣֲҶ˵ʲôֻվһԿԼ̵ƣ˰죬ҲûȰĻ
ûãһˡ
ǳ̻ġ
ǵĵЦ̻°·һĽɷ
ֱó̻ü۴ЦҲԵ֮⣬ǵӲŵ˵ˣĺûᡣ
Ϊǣ־ѪΪβڵǰչ¶һŷأ
һƺڲܹѳӰ죬Ҳ֧ˡ
̻Ҫܾһ䣬ͻȻ˼ر졣
ԾŰĹ⣬ָڴһһߵ
֪⣬̻ƣһƿϢ̻У̻գۣǱʤ֮֡
̻ɨг൤΢
ϵöҩ
ǸƵģרΪѪõĵ衣
Ȼ˼Ѫ̻ʲӵ/谭뼾ͬʣûѪֻ൤ڹʩչ
öҩڣſԷӳ۷ʵټ֮Ķ֮ҲǰսˮšСࡱ
߬סСƿ̻һ˿⣬ֱЦڸǡ
αΣ
ֻҪȥαҲ棡
̻˼ҡǵָףͼӴ׵Ҳգֻ³δֻ֪
˻ᣬЩнһǳɽҲǸͨӣûҡĵλʱ򻹲ôʰôʰ
̻ͷ
˵ĵҲе
죬Цٿʲô顣
վڷƮͷ
һȥзŸ߽֮ļҲмơ
߰ɣȻԷ˷ҳ̻ΪƺҲòԳ棬һѵˣ

117
̻ɽ·ߣһ·ɽķ罫䴵ùͣһȾҲֻһɫ˿ϵ˿ȥżˡ
һ·յ׷˼Ŀ⡣ЩӵĿϣȴַ·͸һž޵Ӱӡ
񣬡˽µ֮ǰĳ񰡡
Բļ򣬵Ҳǳ
Ӧ˵ǳ
仰Ⱥв˵ɫʮָӣ촽ú΢Ʋȥмưˣ˭֪Ϊʵ
̻ɽ·ߣԲӲϴΧ۵۵Ļȫ̻С
ɽ֮ϣ̻֮ǰǸģֻϵ΢ЦԽӲ鶯
ЦȻһ㡣еĵһԴĵǳϾʮڵҲ
̻΢лɬ֮һ֪

ɽ̧ͷ¶һΪĶŵЦݡ
ɽ΢͡
̻ͦأݲȡ
֪ʵ˿ؿڱÿըˡ
·һžĻڰյķд߻ãջΪڵİâ
գЩĿ۶ڼġ
̾۵񣬳羴ĺĿ⡭ȫǸûûСӡ
ʱ̻ҲȺеһԱųĽ޻£ⲨнâֻһϮصİ£ȴ·»Ҳ޷ԡ
ĬĬؿţ촽ҧţȭͷ߬üַ·ѹ֮µϢпƷˡ
Ҿ¶ģһҪЩȫ
̻Ĭ˫ֽ߬λҫʺѪ
еһУҪ
껺ţ۵׽¶׹⡣

ɽԶȴһȺڵɽ
С̶ڷϣӭ磬֧°ͣз۾
ڵһ£һҪˮС̶ԣһóҪС̶ȷ磬С̶Цãɽϵķ죬ﻹҪӣ
Ƭ̣ظʾף
ȻɿȥС̶˼磬ǰʱ飺ʦɽϷС
С̶
ݸ֮࣬С̶ͻȻ֣仰Щ졣
֮ǰƮɵ꣬ɽĲ԰ϹƮҲһ£üᣬ˵šС
С̶΢΢ͷסԼ̵ա
ֻǹ˼¶ѣȴ
Ҳ֪˿
ԼЩŬӦÿ԰ﵽɡ
˼ҷɣС̶۽ƳԶһĨӰȴٿסˡ
궢ǰӰϸ˼ۣԽüͷԽ壬ץһԵָ̧ԶǱߣµ˭
ȥ顣
˵շɿˣûƨƨܻ㱨˵ƺε̻
̻
С̶Ŵͷ
֪˭ˡ
ԭģ֪̻һˣҲ֪̻Ϊȡľٴ룬վƺɽϣƵİӰʱС̶Ǿؿһơ
ؿһͻȻڵҲϲˡ
С̶ɤᣬֻԵ
΢ŹκһĵĻ᣺ʦʦҲϲ
С̶ˣΪʲôϲ
۾һתʦ˶ܴµġ˲ʺϰ£ȴƫƫҪӲԼһŵ󡣡
Ѿ㹻Ťˣʦϸ˰£ƫƫҪߣǼţַŲǼֹαúء
С̶˼ۣҡͷЦˣ˵Ķԡ
ϣ˶ܴ¡
Ҳ˶䴩¡
ջĿ⣬ٽעָԶȸҡеĳ̻ǷԸߡʳģȥתһȦ
С̶󣬿С̶ɫʵʦһ˵ǳȶȥġ˵ƺ߹ݣǸͲ꣬ѾܲŵˣҪҪҲȥ֣
С̶룺ȥˣûʲôÿġ
ٲ뿴ǸʩЧļһռȵ֮ˣѧȣ࿴һۣС̶Ż
ǰʰѾİɡ

һߣ̻ڴɽߵ˱ȶ
ԳҲգƫҪ̵ߣһ·ʽУҲڴС
һЩĵĿԳ̻ӡЩ仯ͷӶˣˡ
ǣϾҪά档
ǲ֪ǿ
ӦеİɣϾһѡ߹ݵĶ򲻹Ҫô̳֮λ
һ˽Ʈķ磬̻СЩͣԼͼֲòѹţ鶯
߽ս̨ࡣ
ȻΣ㰫˰ͷ羫Ĺյˮīһ㾫ϾǴдƺ޵ֵˡ
Ҿıȶüۼ¶ɼľ⣬ȻͼΣ۲תй¶˿ƣЩ΢Сı鱻̻Уеʱһ㡣
̻̤ս̨Ʈ
˷ۿս̨ƵúܸߡһڵĿУ֮£̻࣬㣬սң
Ƥؿһۡ
һ۵һ£̲סֶ˼ۡ
ص飬ڳ̻УȻӵı֡е⣬ٷżݻݺһڣǽޣ
̻סལ
ƺڱһ޹ƺڵӴϰ㲻߽֮ڽҲв׵衣
ڳ̻ȻõĹõĽˡ
ŵǰѽҲƺڱõһ˦β״̻տ·Ž̽Ĺ⣬Х
Ϲʱ֮Ѫ
̻͵һӣһΪ˧Ľ𾪽֮̾иԵá
࣬ųǻΪƺѪҲֻܹԦ˽СֵܣǲУɼǵҪЩ䣬ôʧ˰
̻Ż࣬ڶԷһηӣǾ͸ˡ
ûϵһݻ꣬Ǳǵ壬Ц
֪ˣСıʧġ
Ц۵ȴīɫзѩۡ
̻˵ԼѪʱ̲סѾġô޳ܵ˰Ķ˵˹ûʣ
һУɫۣսֳֺ̨ӰѾ漰ʽ֮ǰδùڳ̻ʶһɲǣѾ֮УǰӢͷס
õӣշ裬ΨɻƮ֮ʱֺȻѹɱȻ
컨Уɫֵĳ̻΢΢һЦɤ
㣬·ɣ

118
ս̨֮ϣֻ̻ʵֵ
ȫû뵽ྐྵȻôǿ򰡣ѾԪӤڵֶˣôܳһڵУ
ƻɴ͸磬ӽеķ϶Ѱ
һƬƬ꿴ӳ̻ϹιʱȴޱߣıԵź⣬ɨĵ׵
ϵɫ֮أǵصĻǰ·ҲһֻС㣬ѹ̻ʩչÿһнʽǽݣǵԣû취ߡ
ܿ죬̻һ±㱻ãƲƶϣǱǵؤ
˵ǣȫмܣǱྐྵ˵Ц
ҼһµĽޣǿҲ˾塣
֦£ָŵɫĻµڷɻӳˣǴЦȴó̻Ӳ
׾ӵģߡ
΢΢ͷϾգ£˵ģ߶̧ˣʲô
ϵ͵ˡ
̻ץסȻ߬
ץôָڶ÷ףĹı޿̵һͺ𣺡㶮ʲô
ֻǸֹУһ仰һ˲ִӺϮно磬֦裬ݺݳڳ̻ϣ

һ±֦ϸСĵ̸¶߽ڳģڳϵҲһƣԴѿ¶·ǳƵ¡
һƬ
˳鴦룬̹ǣ̨̻ϣһ
̫ˣֱܴ裬൱ɻҪǧٱ
̻ţʶŵĳ൤
ⵤҩҩԼңֻҳһ
ڿֻһƺֵĹơ
ԥ˲䣬̻ͻȻɤǴһĶУеĳҲ
ѽ
ΪҲȣϿɺͳ޶ҪģµѹһӣһŸ׷ֺűӻǿˡ
̨£װӵǶڿء
ڿǱһӵģɨ˰ɣȥ棿
̻һҡ顱ضˡ
ɲǼһŻĵȼգθ濾ð̣죬ѪҺھмٳˢӿ
Ļ󲢷ֻС
ǻͻǱԻǵĵ֮ڸ̻µͬʱпƤ㣬뼡
ڳ̻ǰȻߣ׹ԨһƮϳųڵ䣬䡭Ǵ˷ĳЦգ۾˽
Ҳճ̣
ǳĵܵء
׵ܵȲϳһָͷ
Ҳ亰磿
Ĵȣպ˵ҲǸʵȨϰɡ
ϡҲ𣿡
˷β֯صֻ̻ʣһҲ𣿡
Ҳ𣿡
Ҳ𡭡
ңš
Ļš

̨ϣƺڳҲһƬȻ
˵ͦãǸۣ¶¶˳Ҳ̫Ź˰ɣ
Ҫӵ
ɻûȳ˵ЩʲôһԵĳѾ͵²豭ߺС࣬ʲô֣ͣ
̫ʧˣ̫ʧˣϽ䣬λ
̨ȴ˴鲻Ըػ׵ʦҸҪ䰡ҶӮˡ
˵Ҳǹ·ģô󡭡
ɡһʹļ׵ı飬ˮŵ㶪ˣӮˣӮù𣿡
յûʹĵУﲻʣ
ʦͽ˸ճ죬һʱҲáӿĻĳϺΧ۵ǲ֪˵ʲô
ϸ룬ͻȻ˵Ҳеۣ½ƺҲͦ
ֲҩ֮ĵС
̲סȼڡŭĿѵӡĳĸЦʲôϰҪȻˣͽҲûʲô
δ䣬ͻȻ˻ߵĺ
Ȼͷȴ̻һ鲼վ̨ϣ˻ߵͷ˫ĿѪ˿
ﲻ䣿ɤѪ˭˵Ҳ䣿
̫ɳƣûԼ˻ʲô
ؿһĻ
ͳһСƿĿ֮šƿһѵС
׽ʱ⡣
һ룬ӽɫˮ̻ȫǳĳɫͣս̨ϿճֽΡ
צŭĿӣڿ裬ǽͨѹ֮£С÷·һ껨Ƕ䡣
˺Ȳʣ˹ơ
һ
ƺڵǾˡ
̨ǸĿҪҩˡ
̨ϣƺڳĿ࣬һʱ㿴ңҿ㣬ǵͨ죬ꡣ
ոջпˮûĵأԼˣ
Ӯӣ˰

ɽĽƻֺ꣬ս̨Ҳ޷赲âƺϣһСƬնȾ˳ɫ
С̶ӳĴŲԶ죬˼ǱǴ򶷵񣿡
ͷӦˡ˵ƺһѪû뵽ô
𣿡
С̶Цһҡҡͷ
ɽӣ̻϶̷˲ٳ൤ɣ
һжƻչĺ˳
ڱȶȻвٵΧۣһò˶ã̻ͻΪĿСҩų桱
ˣôܳΪͳƺһ
ҡ
С̶΢⣬ǻ
ҩܴУνĳ۷Ҳֵ̫ǮЩ
ĳ̻֪ϵµĴڡ
ջĿ⣬С̶ǰ̨ϡѰںʳģν׾ֻ߱һ
ʳ廨ţв֮С̶붼û룬ֱ˵ȡһЩ
ȡһ⡣
ⱻס˲߽ڵѪ鱾ȴ쳣ɾ͸͸籦ʯʸУϸȥܿϸܵĻ״Ѫ˿ںɢ
С̶ϵ⣬ǰڹ⻪իѧһֹޣҽдж̺ųȵĻ׺Űơ
ʹɱиȡµҲֻܴڼ֮ڳ̺ͻȼܱһпȼյĶѼԦһʳġ
С̶ѡĸѶʳģ쳣˷ܣߴ֣ʦʦôˣ
С̶ֻǳЦ
̨ܵ֬ԳϸгһƬƬƬ
һ⣬һ߷ԸȥȡдУҪġ
֪⡢Զϻ

119
ѡú⣬ʵй⣬ȳƣۣʺϱ
С̶кõƬΡͺϾƣƣֽгɳƬڹеͣС⳴㡣
ȵͶѹ̣С̶¹ɴ𡣲ӽɫյüĹף˳಻͸
ִС̶һ̲ͣԳţɫĺתΪǳɫʱۼֿؼʣµĴУһ׽ͣȷ
ȥƬŹ籦ʯ͸Ƿɫϸۡţ̰ͻڽȾǳأС̶һСһСȻԴԴɢŨ㡣
Ǽζһ㼫ϸ΢ζȴֱȥǱ㲻ᣬԭҰķζ
Աߵ̲סˣȫƲסزʿˮͱѹƲסʺС˹ˡ춯
Ҫ㣬ޱ˵㣬ƮƮһǻȼߵǻ㣬ȻΪ
Ļ˲أ
УһûһĴб⡣
Ĳԭƺڵ
ճΪƺṩʳҲڻ¶һ֣ɺ֪Ϊ˳ڻƸ˹⻪իĴЩʧ䣬ҲЩ
ʱ˿̣Ƿˡ
а
ǲǲѴˣҲţƵҪԦһЩѶʳģһʳбŰǰ
쿴С̶򣬵ᳵ·Ҳļ󣬹ɵС̶ģֻ˳С
еζŨ͸ǽڣԶķɢ
С̶ڵʢڲɤ죺ˡ
ǰʦʦƷƷζҳһ𣿾һСڣ
ָڿвϱȻСڡ˼ǺպͲʿˮĶС̶ˡ
С̶һСڰ
̫СҲһ̫٣һҪ͵ͼʵȨϿеģС̶ϣܶһЩα̻
Уαһݡ񡱡
ӦʣĻŭŵץ̣С̶ۼֿһ󣬲ʶԼÿӡæץ꣬СһƬ⡣
ƬеüȻǰӨ󣬵ʮעĿʱе⴩͸
ĹⱻƬסɫ֬ںϣƬһ̽貵Ĺ⣬䲻ۣȴ޶˵˿ˮֱ
Ƭ
ظҧϣŨ֬ˣ΢д㣬ɲǼϯĿǻ
̫ˣ̫ˣ
Ʋסϵı飬ڴڵ׽ֽۣȾŴеķζĹ̡
ͻȻ֪ʶһ㣬ǹⰡ
򱾾ҪڳڵĵϣԡͣϢҽ
΢΢ۡ
ҽӿǧ˷ۣյͨʯӵּٵ׹䡣
ëĹڿշԾڰյĽϣһ̤ɲǼ䣬ķѣɫ̼ҷɢԾڿý״
ĺôܹڹ̺ͰˣǣȵļȫľеñպͺͳȵĴ㣬Ŀڳת֭
ӯǻģ֭
ƺǵģɻͻȻоʵķǹѪѪҽһ̣ڶԷѪֹسˢȴΪһ壬ССĲ֮ϡ
⿣Ǵ޷Ԧ
һˣĻ֮಻ʳá
ΪŭҽʵĻɽᱻƬ̺ǿһɽҰ¡
ץסӵָĲһ¡
СƤС̶ǡЦЦݡ
ˡһڿˮ
һ룬ָģǰĴбⳤ̾ǲ᣺̫óˣ̫óˣʦ£һٸҳ𣿡
С̶΢΢üɲҰɣ
ң۷Ź⣬ʦģҲŪ
С̶ֻЦЦתȥ˵
һ⣬ĹҲˡ
˵⻪իɣһֻҪһؼʽ⿣ȫҲ͹ǰ㣬С˶С̶³
һпС̶ϸϴϲ̧֬ͷһۣȴɫ硣
Ȼпգ硭ȥתת

С̶ʵĺܿ죬쵽ˣɽȶϵĶԾڼ
ҩĳ̻ȷͣȫǻ˸һ㣬ɫȫųɫĻ棬˻ΣһȣſѪڣҧ¡
һӣ仨ӭϳĴڡ
ҵײڿɢȵѹ粨˰㳯ԲһȦȦ͸ϣս̨ܱΧ۵ĵҲԼܵǹǿһɫ԰ء
Ȼ̻ʩչǿǵĿ⼸ȫ̻ܿķżƳȥһʱ۵ҲԾ߷߻ĵĸ
һһһԵ̨ϣȻҩ
ǿһǿһƿ
˵ȥֱҪЦ
ԺƺڵӳŻô죿ŵӣô̧ͷ
Ⱥ˽ԽԽ࣬˻ųص飬̾ϢҪǳھͺˡôǿ϶䵽ء
ԣ
Ա䣬קһѹɤϲǸˣﻹвٹӣҪ֪˵ֻСЬô죿
ô˵˵𣿡
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ˡ
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δ䣬ս̨ͻȻһġ顱
ڵȻ̧ͷȴһӰɣƤڰصǽϳҲĻ飬һ˻𣬻ɢڷС
ɲǼ䣬ȫԾ
ŬԼԲҲ˴˵
зĹ
ҩĵֶΣӮ˵Ҳˡ
ɾɻһͿأ
Ѿûӵˡ
ӱӲǻҳĵЬ׺ݺѹޡһڣ
ȫӵĺȻأ̨ϵĳҲüĿء߿֮ϣ֦裬Ƴ̻ķ֮ž뿪Ϣ֮ٸ⡣
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ʶڣȫѾûκĿ׸ͣƬӸ߸߹𣬻Ǹͷ
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ϣָӨĻ꣬΢΢¶һϾ΢Ц
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ƺ⣿
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120
ȫţѻȸ
бǳǳĹڳ̻ϣɨ͵գοȻ죬ķѾЩҹչι
۵ӻǳϣԸоǷ絶Լϣۡ
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ĵԹ죬ְڳڳֱԱԹֻؽͷ£ڸסԼĵĿ⡣
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һµӣ̾ϢȥϢᡣ
ֵһѾǼԪӤܹˣ棬취ά
ǰҲδʲôð취ǿԤɢ֮󣬳̻ؽΪƺڵЦ
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εĳδ⣬δǿһһ絴ǧ࣬һüͷ壬Ŀɬ
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ѲɣҪЩʮͷϰľӢӽһССԣ
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ʦֺƭң˵ƺݵһôôֻ˼档
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ⳤ˷ܣҲʮּȫԪӤƺδҲĳϣˣ
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ڴ򲻹㣬ӲֻڡͻԪӤҪսһ
Цãҵš
лҪ˵
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121
һоʼңڼлмֻĵıȶʽ
ǵɽһ֮ǰжѹ֣˿̾ж೩졣
˴ػЩŵؼУһüɫضӣһ߻ս̨һࡰƲ֡࣬ĵɣƺڵɲǣ
ķʽع飬ڵѾԶ´뵽λˣڳ̻ߣ˭֪ʲô
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ϵб̻Ҳ·𱻵ͷһˮͨ͸
ս̨ϷȻļ͵ս۾һϸ죬۵˸ż޵Ĺ⡣
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ֻҪô˶ȴԼĴڣ࿴Լһۡ
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С̶ȴƲס

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һƺڵǣֱСһ㣬ΪǾĳˣս̨조СࡱΪϣǳԵһʷǰζ
⻪ի֣ͨȵζ̶Ⱦͱƽ˲٣һһ̴б⣬ζۣۻɿڣڼ
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ֻǽյķѾԹ⣬ԣҪȵա

ⱻ˵˳ǰ
ĵһ㣬ʱɫٿһţ
ζΣǳӯ;ؿĸоΪϲҪ֪棬Ѷͣһ˿һչѵá
յķ˳˭֣֮ʵûпܣڡ
ҡͷѣѰΪڻרĹ⻪իƺҵĵϵ
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˳̻ڵĶأų棬ɫӣ̾˿
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122
ȷóԣױȵĺóԡ
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Ҫ֪ҽǰҽΣûаˣУҽҲȷظ֪ң˵һѷϣȬĿܡ
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ط䡣
ܶǶɻĹˣôôɣóһ
ڵأ᣺ǡóӰ̰


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ϣԼа飬ϣԼһ㱻ɱΣ֤а޵֤ݣӶҴǸ˵Ŀ
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ҽǳȶҲȫϷ
˵Щ˼ЦЦС̶գգ۾ʱʵ˷ܣһСľûܰȫѹסҪҲǼֵ̫ˣԴҲҪ̫ţǳȶҴҲܺ찡
ô˵ءҪ֪ҺôҲǳ۷壬ΪѹԪӤڣһЩʶͱȴѹƲסġˣֵȴҴƾУ˻ǸոͻԪӤ𣿡
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˿ôϣǰ伾С̶һľһ㣬ůϢڣڲ棬֧°;ؿ͡
ڹ߲ոպãܰĳȻɫθһ㵭Ĺ⡣
ڹ΢ķŴתԶСOO@@жϢ
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123
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ܱʵ̫ˣԼͨͨһһԽԽ졣
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ࡰܡ֮ƺڳҲöˣǧټƵڻΪҪ˶աŽᣬ֪ߵغǰһ⣬֪ƺڿɲʲôš
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ְŵҲɣͳĵ⣬Գһ߿Ц˵ʱţһ߰ĵƺס
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ĺڴ͵ĶŲ裬ɣ͵زţһͶȫС̶⿵ļƷȣҹռġƺѹ۾·ߡɫµƺɽ硣
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ƺܲ
ʿԶˣдһĿǰʶ˹ȥδ鰮֮·ϡ
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С̶ԼҲûж쳣ʰһ±ϢϾձƺڻᣬϯܶʽҪ֡
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126
С̶ŵݵϵһֲ
ģ۲˲࣬ȴģ¶ϽȵӨɫͬһӺȵɫϺ䡣
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127
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ȿȣ֮ʮʱ䣬Խϸһˡ
ָ̧Ͽ΢΢ۣĿϸɨ·ѨȻͨ˴ĳϣһϸСĺߣ߽¯ͼĴӴмȡ
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°ͣԭˣ˵⸣ضʱһǲϷ˼ֻ棬եȡ֭Һˡ
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ԣ϶ԣǲǳˣҡͷ״Σϣﲻôаޣ
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ɸյʮתûķ
µĴͻȻѡ
ʯ飬ɳӿʮЩȿգӦѸ٣ڿܶסΡһ룬ϸӵѴ޴Ĵ֣ݺݳ
漫ȣֻǿһּĽУػ̺ǿҪʮһա
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ͬʱ»һڳϲԼִͬͣ
ļüͷ΢壬оһ˿˿
ѪҺɲǼ䷭ӿƺʲôڲԶ̰һѪҪɴ
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϶̻ڼС
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ټɵ
Ա߸ֶӿһ˿Ѫ⡣
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137
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ͲһˡתһȦй˻ҶԲǸ
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ҽֻԹԵطӿɾڳ̻еɲǣʲô̼һ˲ǵصĺҲһ˲쳣鶯ų役ʯϵĺӰ

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˵⻰һڣС̶ԽԽ
оƺԲˣȱǣһ¯ӵͣƮǧƺ¯ʱڵ
ֻӴһ׻¯Ҫʲôתôã
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ǷǣС̶ͻȻһƬ֮
ûӦͻȻһӰȺдڳֱ
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һڵġŭġըëÿһ඼Ĵ

138
צڡ
С̶ûо¡
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С̶̧ۣԶĻ
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ӿıŭҽ·ɲǼʲô˼飬Էɽ״̬ڰա
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С̶Ҳ֪Ŀǰʲô״˵ġ˵ϢҲһ
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ȷС̶룬һССĻ¯
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Уǿյġ

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ǿ򶨵ĵǶʱףҽɢӣҲ˲С̶ڼϣԶ֡
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С߲ȱ໵ؿޣǲ㣬ǲ㣿
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С̶
ȱϣ

139
ϼֱίˡ
ʲô˰ûô͵ˡ
еСȥСҲСɣȴͬѰۡ
ֻû¶챻ˡ
ǳȵĻ粻壬˿꣬ƵֻĳªӣڻŵƴŤ
˵ϷûУϰӴӴ䶯ţϷûʲôˣ㲻Ҫԩˣ
ѽô˽أϰףϷǰǡӴˣۣ
ԱߵСӣ㵹ǹܹܰϷǰǾܣϷСߣϷͽǧŻѪд޼ص䴫ڸ㡭
ۡС̶Цˡ
С棬ԽԽ죬ѪΣѵס
ʱ˵ǱϹа޶ḽ壬С̶ӡеԭľǺϣǰСдɤС̶ʱҲ˻С
һﾹȻţҲ֪ˣʲôУȻƺڣ
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Ƭ̣Ƕصһ䣺ô󰡣
׿ĻʱӿԲţҵŰ
عͷ͹壬ӭȴպײһӰ
׿̧ͷȴ֪ʱŹչߵ˲͹ſڣ͸ų
һպͰ飬е΢΢һ˫Իǵ۾͸֮ɫס׿΢΢ףӴˣ
׿һ˲Ҫԣȴ¼
⣬˵ɤҲ˰ɣˮƽѾˣҲ֪ʲôϲֱ˵ĻҲ
赭дŶ𣿡
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˺ɸֵܲе׷⵭̵ȷָȥɳδҵǲ̫˵㣿
ҪһԽߣһײײڳƨɺ棬ľ磬̸ֻ֪Сƨ
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ô˵أɤϣȴǿѹô˵ǼүҿҪˡ

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ðǾ˵ˣʱɲ׼㡣
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Ӹˣúӣ֮ʱǵõ͹Ҽү֪ʲôķڷ
кƣ˳ĬƬ̣ڵҪҵȣʮ꣬ʮ꣬Ǽꣿ
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147
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ȻӦҪ󣬴ǿƣ˴ﻹǲš칻ʲôʳ׶Ѱɣգ
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ߺ󣬰׿ǵطʣ˭ʶ
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ĿЩɪǵͫзŸӵĹ̾εҡҡͷϧ
ϧʲôȴû˵ڡ
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ĩˣҲٶ˵̵رҪݡ
׿ۼֿ죬סֱۣ۰Ͱ͵һԴţ˵졭֮С̶ܻ𣿡
仰׿ɤѹüͣ뱻⡢²ֵĳ
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赭д¼仰ͻȻֿڣСףүǰ˵Ҫͻģ֪
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峿ˬ˸ָеһ󼢳ꤡ
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һӰ֮Уںڵĳһ˿ݲ޳Сõĺˮһ߽裬һСĵس浹ݩۡ
ŵ죬ٿػףɢ¶Ĳϸԡ
ϣһ˫ںЦЦɫ鶯
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ըţӣѬ̣
С̶ºˮ̨Ͼر첲ǰ˾㵵ɨɨȥЦһ׿ԵĶٰõʲôˣ̨
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׿ʱ棬ƨƨȥü˳۵شյߣС̶ʲôʱģôҶ֪
㵱Ȼ֪С̶һۣ˯ͷһ죬ôŶѡһøԼհɣҲʱǲַˣ
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⸱ģС̶ֻúֺЦҡҡͷС
СֽŲϹ̨ɾʮسС̶˻ȭͷ
С̶ؽһСϣŬö̶̵СֳסˣСȲر¯ӵλãԹſãʳָشСͷС硣
ôӾͺá
С𻶿ϣ
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عͷ赭дس׿ЦЦʵɣҵνǳΪʲôô֮˵ôû硣
ʲô¶֪һʱûӦһͻȻһȻģΪ̾سҹ˹֣˵ʲôƹĺȻǽҲѹס
׿
׿ңҴˣȥѳڻü𣿡

׿ﱻС̶һŵòᣬϲʱһֱɪɪ۾ס˽Ʈһ뼾дĸĳһĹͷ
ֱ緹ͣͳĿе֪δС̶һ̣ͬų˿²ѵؿڡ
ʧЦС̶ŻСʲô촽Űˡ
С̶ڵҨС̧ɨ˰׿һۣҪŻŻ´λҽ
˲ˡ
׿˫ֱͷ״С̶ҴˣĴˣװףôܴأǾһӵĺֵܣԸҵ͵
С̶Ҩֶʱס
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ࣺۣ
С̶ؿ˰׿һ̧ۣ֡˰׿ǰӡ
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148
Ǻ࣬ƣŨڵ¶ȥ綼ඥ˲ͨ͸ů·ӽźһɹɵӿȫ
С̶˼棬˵轣ͨͨƮǺÿһ˿˿УĿڸڣҺ
ˣҲԽԽ䣬Ժ϶Ȱ
ףȹһ˰룬ЦůθԵֹܷƤ
ϼһ״룬ͷ
׿ջ˲С̶һ棬ǻϲȻֱڣ׿ҲûԼ˵ʲô
ˣ˵ʲô׿ͷר־غ࣬ĵҲ˵
ңúȰ
࣬һǧҲСҡҡλαϲһƣڵʱӵȥůаŨζֻᵽ˿˿ζ㲻Ŵ
ƳһС磬۵ײײ΢΢һ¡
ûȥǺǧ⣬̧˴һѣתΪүСɰĶģ
ƺģС̶ЦһҴϽƣƺ꣬ɰﻵˡ
˼صͷ
С̶ץһʯͶιС磬һöС조ءһöŷḻͶȲʯôСбã뿪ƾǡ
ͬʱǧҲ˵͡
ʮ㣬ڼ
ɫİ͸״Ө͸ǳǳ󣬱۹𻨣ҧһڣڿǻ
ϼӱǷҲ˿ڴᵯммҬŹǳ㣬ССһݸ㣬ȴڿӪĲθС
·һƯС紺ɲƿžµ·ϸȥȫǻԲɰĺ棬Ǳηʰʵǣÿһ㶼˾ϲӵζһ۹ǵС΢΢ҡҷɢ޾㡣
׿ĸ㣬΢΢ۣຬ岻Һߡ
óԣóԣ
Ұ׿оõˮƽǲС̶ģһ˿ʲôҲ˵ݸԵĶɿһЩ
Ȼֻһ˿˿
׿̲סʵС̶õأ
С̶һ⣬̧䣺أôĵ̨
һԵ͵͵Цһ׿Щȣ˼ͷų̂
ˣС̶ǵ˼һ͸𣿻õͲҪˣ͹ݻҪţҪȥתתʱ䷢չ
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С̶һͻȻʵ⻪իأ
⻪ի׿Դӣ֮ǰɶˣǼ˰ɡ
⿪ҵ꣬һǶһƽҩζͦŨġǰһ˵ի˽իһʳģƵիЪҵ
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С̶޳ָڲԵߵ˼Ĺ⻪իɣصģ
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ݸҡҡͷļ򣺡ˣϵֻ𣿡
ͷƬ̣ǹͬصͷ⵹Ҳǡ
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С̶Ƥ۵ʢӯӯЦ⣺´Ҫ˱ʳģǿţǷҪիիˡ
һ߼˶סˣ׷ŤͷС̶
Ҹ𣿡С̶ֲǰװװʱһҪ˵ûѵͣҪҪǲ͹ṩʳġ
һɫüǮ

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С̶ͷͻȻһ¡
ǰߣȻ磬νѾ·ߵѾһʼʱǰ򵥵ʯߣǱµĵӴ⣬ԣ廨ŵĵװΡ
ЩƷܺã׿С̶С˵֪װλôֱǿĴš
С̶ĿֵĽֵϻɨһЩɲȫҽ̵ġ
ȷռǰĳһЩװεƷǰһĻĻٲȻѾƵĿ֮⣬ϼɫ
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׿ﲻ֪С̶ĵ׵ĸп磬Ҳ˸߲ҵָָԼأҲڶͷļһҶܺסˣ
˫һ۰Ͱ͵ȴ佱ģС̶ʱʧЦðɣҲͻ͸ˡ
׿
ĺĺ
ҲҹҪ̼㣬С̶̾˿Сף㿴Ҷ۷ˣûþͽѽ
ʱ䣬һȥݣΣΪ϶ҶԲԣ
׿Ƭ̣ʱ˪ӣһȥ
ԼĿڣһһµشҲͻưҲ֪ʲô⣬ҲǣôǳŬˡ
׿С̶ͻȻ׿ι
ѵΪƬС׵ĵǱܣŵ°׿ٳٲͻƣ
С̶˼Ƭ̣İ׿ļ򣺡£û¶ͷҴ
סС׵ĲƿδĵôٶСײ
֮£С̶˵ɻװһָϵҩء

149
ʱ󣬰׿ҲС̶ƺ϶Щ顣
С̶˹ؽϷսܣִ񽲵ǵûɽҽܿϵĲֻ֣˵ĳѪаޣҲѰ׿ڣʹļ׵̫̾ˣ̫ˣС̶ȥݵʱһҪң
ôҲһֲҪ
С̶Цҡҡͷ˼ҺôǸϴУ㿴㡣
׿˵ˣҾͻؼұչء
ͣƬ̣׿ͻȻʵ԰С̶㲻˵˸ͽأ
ȥˣС̶ǼһϳԿ࣬ôܹһط˵Խ˵㣬ȥϺĲʽӦвСͻơ
ҡչǹ⻪իˡ
С̶΢΢ͷƷ˿˳Űջ䣺شôȣڰѲȨĵĶоȥһ˼ˣĲҲ̫࣬վͺһ㣬Ƕá
ô˵׿ƲƲ죬ǲ͹ȱ˰ڶҪŹհҶӡС̶ʲôôмƸǰæɣ
С̶˵ɡ
˵С̶ҲЩź
˴ǰƺڣʵҲ˹մĵͷֻϧķչ⣬⻪իϲƺڵ˼ά̻ϣòһΪԼͽδչְ˳ȥ
һֶֿ顣
ص򣬾͸˵ʱˡ
⻪իɱûȣΧûҵ׸ɾģ治֪жҵԵףС̶ɲ뱩¶͹ݵܣֻԼ¯Ҳ顱һը̻
׿һԣε̾˿
ʱԶ˳һֽԶԶر㹧غʦǳҪνԼ֪
ʦ
С̶һ˲ʱ̲סЦ׿һԾ֣ҽУֻǴƹѣģƹ
С̶ǰƣԼС̶󣬺ߺߵҲ͹ݵƹʶһ¡
Щɻ󣬵ǹسС̶˹֣ƹ񡣡
С̶Ц˼תôһ¡
ʱνֵĸٷչڣÿ춼дʹϺҪνռһ̯λ£һ߾Ǵ£ڼǰ׿ͳ縺ģЩֻϰ׿ʶС̶Ҳ
ҰС̶קסİ׿ЦҲôûˣ֪ʲôϣСף˼Ҿõȡ
׿ãջŤŤذˡ뿪֮ǰС̶һɤƵ˵ЩһǩԼȻͳ˫ˣǵøС̶һ
С̶ӹֽУ֪

׿ߺС̶νƵһΡ
ֱʱŷ֣·ϣû˰׿β棬ɡ
С̶Ƶ룬Сһһֲ
ԽԽóķ緶ˡ
˼棬۳ſҪߵνֵľͷС̶ǰͻȻһһӰ
˴տɫĽ£Ҳ·ʮֲصС̶ǰ㣿
С̶˼ϣ̧ͷţ
һǿʵӳȥмϤУС̶Щ벻üͷˣǡ
ЩѿüͷҲšһ𣬲鲻ԸˣԱߡ
ˡ֣С̶ԺһŻǵĻ棺ˣ𣿡
ڿкԼԼʧȥᣬ󻹲ԼǸˣ
Ʋװӣ϶ܺҰɡ
㲻ǿôҪСطͣ
Ŀ䵽С̶߬ŵϣüͷЩ۵΢˸
С̶ע⵽Ǳ׼ʹ磬Ҳû֮ǰζѾܾûչˡ
ѾˣС̶գգ۾ͱɲĶȥɣ
ôһ˵ɫѿһƬ̣ŵޡһڣƨûǰ;
ԼԼڵģҲ·
ûС̶ػֽµ͸߹ˣûʵûбҪʲô
µĺûԵЩȨƵռˣʣµɢ޸ƨɺ棬ܺȿıǮûСΪ츳ҾܾӪһҲ͹𣿸㣬Ρ
С̶ɫؿû˵һ仰Բ˵᣿
ں˵ʲôʲô᲻᣿
ͷƤƳС̶
ĸӱС̶һЩбƳʱ־ӸµĸӸС
Ȼüͷ壬С̶ܴǰ۵׿һ˿˷ܣǿ֮ǰֱԼõˣԼһԼ˷ܡ
ȷ˷ܡ
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һǰ̲סС̶¶һƵֱ߳ʱõ΢ЦûԼȥޣԽԽ꣬ʵ÷񡪡
һж˵㡣
˵ףǸ߼һ˶ѡ
Ʋס룬ֻ˴ʱС̶ѾĳͲ͹
űӣֻĹ˺ȥʱС̶ѾӵԼĲ͹ݣڲ͹һԼһİ
һ죬͹⿴һС̶ıӰһ֮Щˤ˶˸˵Ĳ̡ʷݵһĭͷѪͷǱ
ֻԼ֪ںЩʲô
ڲ͹ݸС̶˲赹ˮС̶Ƹͬһ͹С̶¡˽С̶Ǹͬ򿼳ģ˵ԷʹҲ̫Զ
һʼڶ˼׽Ūأħ
һͷ
ˡ
ǺУ͡
һʶʦֱеϴҲ˲СһȥҲܵҵڡ
˴εʦֶʮ˷ܣȻһԶԣѾռȻʦֲֹһļп˺ʱ򰡣ⷢչֻҪط¸պȻս𣡡
ΪȻ
ʱ˿̣νС̶Ը֮ϲ

츳
ǸԼһͣǩԼ΢ʹӡ룬괹ͷڽĿģ϶ûǩϰɣ
ŰõħͻȻڻʳˮһ˿˿֭Һбж⣬΢ͷС̶˵㣺ɲʲô˶ʸ͵ġ
֪⣬۹⡣ϧϧѾõĻˣ
С̶

150
С̶ʮ΢
ЩЦӲѹסǣƣأ㵽˵ʲô
⸱ȻȻر˱ŤաŭֲԵ
Ӽƫ磬ȴоԼ֮ͬУ˵ĺ졣
˵ѾûˣĶĶȥɡ
ָԱһֵֵָһһˣĻĵط
С̶Źֵؿô˵Щһˣ
Ծ
˵֮ǰҲûر⣬ղС̶һ·һ߽һ飬ӡҲû֡
ظǺʦֺ⣬ʦֵģҵġ
˵ţ΢΢С̶عǣʦֿǸˣһҲвСͷ벻ɣû˷Ĺˣ컹Ǻܾء
С̶ɫ΢ĵǰǡˡ㣬һкֱӰ͵ϡ
ˣνʦֹͬ棬֮䣬ʦԵҲ͹ǩӦҲʦ֡
С̶ʵʦֽʲô֣
һʣһóղһҳҡ
⣬ȫûʶʲôԣЦŻش筣ʦֵ֣һס˵ɣ
С̶ͷ
û˵ǸմϿ
׿ѽǩϲ㣬筡ͷ棬ܺҡ
ɴһšһƵĴ죬ֽС̶лϸСİֽƬƮܿʧ˽ֵͷ
С̶֣üһЦˡ

ǡڴʱԶԶĺС̶
˻ͷ׿Ⱥм첽ܵС̶Աߣݸһµ̸ֽˡ
Լʮ꣬˵ʱ̫ãܹ˵ԸڵϷ屶Ҿ۸ʵˣҳƴ֣õĶֿǱۺǸǽԵҲ㲻
С̶꣬˵ͷܺѽôֱǩʲô
׿Цú񣺡ⲻˣİ
С̶룬˵۸ԣʱ仹еá˵ɣȻڼĻںԼȨ
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׿ϲС̶һʲ̡Ѭ׶Ƕ˱Ѽӡ
С̶
ˣС̶ɿקס׿֣Űɣʲôʲô
׿С̶
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С̶ͷЦЦؿγţҿ˲ټʶһ𣿳ɫᣬβһƯ֡
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׿ţоˮסӿۼҪð⣺С̶Ҵˣģʲôʲô
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Ĳ˺óԣ׿Եظ̾˵ʵȻõĸóԡˣûü㣬ǰ˵ǲ͹ſڵң˵õĲǴƷš
С̶ڿֱһҵҵƣҲ֪ʲô½ڳ±任ʹЩС̶ӡҫڴСѤ޺硣
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ⶫûܣÿһθĽڶģϵͳƷĽУ溣ݡ޹ǵǱĪʳ׽ᣬϹʱܲɷֵĹ
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С̶оϵͳеĸմƲ֪δΪϵͳơС̶ڰְʹ֣һͶʣֻǲ֪ȴɳ֮ϵͳҪЩʲô
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ƤŶղŲǻ˵Ѿ״򿪾𣿡


154
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ġ޴ˣǴĸðģ
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ǿԼסǵЦݣתߣµؼ׼ǫ̃ʣұ˵ĳڹȥҲ˲Сĳɾ硱λƷ
˵֣ױݻỤ̊Цӯӯһӷʢȡ
ȷܷʢѡϺԳݱƺݵޣƴͱµļͼһ˶ȱڰ뿪ϣ΢ӷ϶ɢԼɼһ裬Ӳ濴һˮΣġ
˱ǣк棬ױȵĳˬɲǼͨ͸
ȱˮʽǹ⻪իı־ͼʱؽ⣬һòĶزȡ
ǿ˶΢΢ף˸뿪ڣˡ
˳̾˿ҡͷ
ǵ֮ʻûǻӿͱһ仰»ɤ
Ȼ֮ɫΪȻõ
ЦЦݿȥмҧгݵζ˵һ˵չǽ֮ܾ˵ƷʵģҪ˵ζ롣
ǰһ˫ꡣ
ͨѩɫβǶˮ״Ρ
ʯмĥɣҲܸܵ΢β
΢Цһֱʳ͵зڵһλп˵Ƿ棬͹ݵĻã;ߵľϸĥΪ˸ʳʹ顭
ǣƲ죬˼һھϣҲЩ߰Ķֱ˵ɣЩˣһ

Цݽ⡢Ʒ
ָڲѾǳţǺ޲ðѲǰͷϡ
ʲô趼ʲô
һ̣Լˣ
ԣüͷһСȱ⡣
ʵѾȱ⣬ȱͿ֮ʽʵ࣬ɵ衣
׼һˣֻӴСʵ˲ʮĺޡҪζڳǵĿǻըǻΣ²
̧֣µķ˿õ󣬲ײع˹
ȻͿüͷ׽ºһʶҩı飬ˡ

̫ˣ˺̫࣬ӵҲ̫࣬ʧȥĶΣȱݣۡȻû覴ãҲûкͳһںһ𡣡
ֻżЩĿӡƹһЩĶ
˵¿ӣʼסЩǰǱءȻܱ֮࣬ѪҺŵĻ
ҲĬԿ˴ǰǹȻ˵̬Ϊס
ͨ죬ͷעĵطסسϯʹɫһ˱ߵø̲꣬סڵǸҪȻٳģĳһоֻ̳ЩţĲʽ϶⡭
ջ⣬һڱ֪ˡ
һ˲ûͨ⻰νġ⡱ָʲôͻȻ֮䣬аǿͻȻų貹â˸
Ҳһ¡
ӽſʼһֱһȱȱģƹâһ˲䣬˵ٿһµΪ֮һ䡣
ȴɲǼ䣬ɽ
ܱ˶һ£Ŀ֮У˻ȻˣҶ֪ˣټɡ
ȵȣվ߻и⻪իĿҵϵܵùȥ߰
˻䣺˰ɣϵôЩ
ϵɫٱ仯ײسԲʹ˸ɫʱüĿǳǿѪ
ƽһžףը졣
ɲǼɴ˫ۣ·͵زѪʲôѪмʱҵĸߴī蹴յΣ˶ƵطЩ̱ڵϡ
ôܣ
ôܣ
е˱仯ϢɢһɽŵζƣĬã̾˿
αأⶼ˶ٱ̸Ѫʲô壿
˵ǧټҪһҲǿʲôѪķݶϰɣ
Ϲظ˸˵ЦˣǵĸǵȻҪؼҰ
ʧЦҡҡͷ˰ɣҪȥ֪ᴥ˵档
ǧȥѲϤˣҶҲһŰˡǵСӹúٻôϸŸԼӸڻȥڼ̨Ϲ
ҡ
˶٣ɤòɣ̺޾į֮⣺⻪իҲˣʱԤ˰
뵱⻪իֻһչʾҵĵطޡƶޱĳӣֻҪ飬Ҳܹһ̨ͱһƬءأ
˻ܣʹļ׵̾ǰɣ⻪իѾҵȻһɽѹϣǲҪҲҪı䣬ֻҪǣ£ǣɸѡĹɵģԼѪҺѾʶĹ⻪իˣһʲô
ͣƬ̣ٿһЦѵ˵ҹ䣬Щ֣իǡի
ýĬ
ǳϵĸͣͷ£ڵɫĶң
һ
ǲҵĻʲô
䣬ͻȻѩɫĹ⣬ǹ˷װݺύС
ˡճϻǰ˵ΪյĿˣҪ粼úôãҲԷȥĳԷνĲãȻĴһ
ĹâʵʣõĲη׷׸ѣǽҲظҡҡ׹ơһԿѣ̲סغҵĲ͹ݣǣƻҵĲ͹ݣ
û˴
Ƿ׷̬ɹǷݹ֮ĲЩʲô
봹Ҿֻǿûб˼
ǰü΢ϣһȥɣܰұѧڳЩʳĺͲףԴù⻪իһ̨ף
ǳĬƬ̣ԵЦ£Ը⣬ǵȻò
ԸƨԽԽȥˣ˵գ˵̹϶ˡҵʱӲҪҸ⻪ի󱲵һʱѾһаɣ
ͯδһֱϣҲᱻƵ²ߡǳٴθ֣߰ɡ
˶ؿ֮󣬵͵͵ءһڡ
Ȼ޶˾һԵսľس峤ָ
ˣȥġ

Ҳ͹¯Ϩ
ȻŻδȡߵεŨǱǶˣǵͥԺ֧Źȣԣ΢Цº롣

ɤ¯򿪣С̶Ų̣ЦӯӯؽǸŶ˳ڲϡ
ѣڵð
һ鷢ƷڲϡƶӦƣ˿Ҳ²Ӳӷ⣬һһ
ʳϾ͵ֺǺǵؿţЦٶȣӦúܿ˰ɡ

155
ĻȻû˲һյĹ򣬰׿ƨƨߴⱼţС̶ҡ
ڵõС̶϶Ĵ𸴺ûһӲ͹ſһˡ
˻һɢ̬Ʈ£ֻѹͬ
С̶ضƳ˼ۡڴ²죬ֻһ۱׷ʲôҡͷЦôˣô壿
ˣûһȺѿĶۡ
ҲֲǡǼү˵ˣ˲Ϊ𡯣Ҿúʵ
Ʋ죺ɾͲ
ҡͷ㲻ָ˶ǳɡ
һһ䣬ȻƽػҩζСԺôʱС̶ӳأûҵӣһߦȣڿкػ˼£ҷ̵ϡ
顱һɵķѡ
һŨġеĴ㣬ɲǼСԺ
˺עʱ˻ǿС̶鲦ɾ¶Ѿ·һ㱡ֽĺҶ뵣˿˿ƣɲǼֽصˮʱСԲѣںһȦһȦο
ֻһΣҶаȴǻ
ҶƬ̯¶ѾӲӵͨ巺ŵĽ⣬ʹڶ͸ȥ⻬ζһԹļǿ꣬ļһҲʶغ¡
С̶ڵƼĽʱ϶ϵķĩ
Ƿĩ뼦ļڰźҶ˿нɢεķζǷζ־ɵǷס޴йֻí˾꣬ÿһϸ۵⡢Ө׵ĽȾŨζ
Ȼѵһ˲䣬Сը㣬СԺ
˱ţ²һ䡰Բ󡱣һѾʲô˵ˣŨζռȫ񣬾Υʳڸзڣߴԣ
̫ˣ
ֱҪͷζ
˽ԭأϢſˮǿҵֲǰʳľٶС̶ף˺һ۵ļȡ
Ȼݸ
ˣ
˵ɫʱʮֲˬǡⲻĴ֮
һݲѵӦø
С̶ȴŴǣЦ˼ĹϺ١
˵ţùһݴ̣һֻȷݸˣġ
ɫÿЩ
ȲץȣδڣѾ۵ʹԤе˼ۡ
ղС̶˺Ⱥģ⼦Ѿˣ˺ڴ۵ǳɫӨļⷺӳĵգ·ڷ⡣
Խ÷ۣ˴ھ׽ţֱ޲ðԼͷҲ
㻬ۣеķУн͵ζϵŨ㣬ϸ׽ƷһɺҶζصķζڿǻлӿ¸ɲǣ⧲أһֱһ
༦ϴȥһϱٿɫ
ҵģ·ҪپѤȴڣС̶ϲĺҶཬ
׹뷲ǣ̶ķˣĬĬ̡ȴֻΪյһ̡
ǰ·𿴵һƬ⣡
ôŨĿĹۿҲ̲ס΢΢ɬâһƬãҰҰվŸݵӰģУȴɽкХľ޴Ʒڼϣͷ΢΢һЦ
˰һֶ
ཬȴƫƫܳһģԶżͲε־
ųӴɽɤƮɢ΢УɽҰӣһգֻҪгһ㿴
˵Ŀģһ̯ѾսĲľңӭķǴػҳͻȻƮᣬһȺͨ糺ĳ
ΧУɽҰƺɲǼص˴죬ˮ潦ԼƮġĺɻ㡣
һȣڱԹˡ
ģ̧ףĬãֻ̾˿
˵ĸӣͣ飬ƺѹЩζĶ
̧ץӵķ򣬸ٶԼζĽлȴͻȻ֣зŻ۵ֻʣһǹż˿ļǼܡ
ԣС̶׿һ̣á
ˣ
ղŻдһӾʹӳľˣǺ죬µأӵļأ
ôôһأ
ܹͳ˸Ȱ
ŶһüģΪ㲻ء
ԣ׿һֹһҲûӰ̻ʣϲզ԰ǼҳԷҪģ֪
ˣ
ſƮļ۵ļ⣬ٿԼһʣļͷʱһһر
ֵǣ۳Լԣӵ˸ȣ
ǼȱεĶסеøɸɾͷûŹĹȫ˱³ʱֻһز
ýեɾ
˽սԥҪҪʣµĹͷҲ̹пСãС̶Źصûһֶ˳һ衣
֪ǳһС̶Цɣ˲ֹһֻ԰ɡ
ɲǼ·սԺ䣬ǿοС̶׾ĲʱоǰҲÿɰࡣ

ǶĹ⻪իһǽ塣
ûʵĶС¥ˣβ¥¥ȫݣǽƿһһ˸ߵĴ󶴣ʲôޱȵشײųõһ
Щڳ󷨵װƷܵǿҲ׷ѳĩ׷ɳƮڰա
һУʹüֱҪѪ
ò̤Ĳ͹ݣһֲ֪Ҫؽã̵Ĺؼ׶ΣÿһĿ޴Ĳ࣡
ϣ
ס̳ǱһˣȦͨ죬ɤô£ô
˵Ŀ˼⣬ôͻȻͱһ磿
ǳϻͷһɫ˺ۣǱһƣ˲أԼǿ
Ҳǲ˼㣬ƿҵģ
ˣҪѾͷĲ͹￼ˣĵϵѪڣôӡϱϻᣬƫ˵Ķիã͸ܵҲǿһ֮ѡ˶ի
Ҳû뵽ôǿǿȫ
ǳˣ϶ҲйͣˡѾͷ㻹ϻɣ
˵գ棬ͷҲصˡ
ֻվһǽУ־㵣Ǳ˴
д𣿡
أ͵ţǱһֻεĴ߬סǰδеؿյ
һֱ֧żŮǿڳһ䵭Įġϻɡ֮£ͻȻɳһѸ̮ɾ
ֻڳǰ¶¶ѣֻΪӡѣֻⳡռһϷѡ
Ϊ㾡ֶƵѾ֪û˯Ⱦ
ֻǡӮѰ
д

156
Ҳ͹˻Žл̻ʡ
ڼС̶̧ͷЦЦһ䣺С˵ǰǲ͹ݣ˵ĵ̲óԣ
˲˼ȷ˵ζ
ŶС̶΢תǽļأ

ۼ⣬ζֱҲҪ͸Űͷ֧˰죬³һ䣺ɰɡ
С̶۾΢Уҵļ˵
ҡͷ
ǲܷµģһڶܣֻпԶмֻͷҲûϵҪûԤ뵽С̶ĳյôǿ
죬û
Ȼɻ󲻽⣬ҲòϣС̶Ǹʸ̳гɵ²
Ѿ֪ûԹζˣǷ·ҪѪҺȼյζֱҪմ
ֻ˵üͷȻ塣
С̶ķĲãģС̶ˮƽõ֤ʵȴһüģĬĬһ鼦ͷ˸п֣̾һû뵽֮꣬һܳԵʳ
С̶԰ɣ
켸飬Ҫμĵס̧ͷڵ˸ŸӵĹ⣬С̶
ĽлĺܺãǰԹóԵҲضãǻ
µɲǣٿİһ˲
С̶΢΢һ㶣׿ﵹҪҪǺԶ⻹㻹Ҫ
˶԰׿ţ̧ԿһͳһСƺ
ǰ׿С̶֣ƿɫϸ壬οӺһɴ
Ϊˡ
Ҳֻʣһˣҡͷ̾Ϣţǡһ᲻ó
һһСС̶СصһҺ͸ڻıƳɵıΣ뵵ľŨˣһ˿˿ζһ˿˿㣬ʱڷ׷׵꣬ӻ֦ͷɫռ硣
С̶ֲôƵˣŵǾ㣬ҲЩ
ȴûע⣬ԱߵɫްϵЦݽȥ
ϲǾҺǼ΢΢ʶ£ǲᣬǧӿ֮࣬˿ڱվֻʣһ̾Ϣ
үԲơ
˷Ż۵ԵʱŭˣɶȣҶˣĸҲԣ
С̶Цãˣʲô
ǰСɵ񱭡羫µ񱭴ϸ󣬷Щ⣬͸͸ġ
͸С̶ɵ̧ͷһںȵġ
֮ԱǵڵСһ㻹ȼأ
⻰⣬ƺƻܹΪ
С̶࣬ɫһСת䣬򲻶ɫҺһ
ˬ𣬷·һϺõĳӳݷ们ºд߶Ⱦе֮УС̶ԼµһҾơ
һ̣·̻ʶȻըѣӴġĵ֮ɲǼ仯ˣûľ
·һκƯСǣС̶ȫС津ֿɼƬĴ֮
Щӵ˿˿ڣһȻ뱦ص̽ߣʰǹÿһ߷ı
ôѲĴ򰡣
һСֱˣСĵιС̶
С̶еԼΪڷ賤ٶȼֱףƺ¾ͻ˽𵤡Ȼû׽١Ȼַɿؼͬ´
ĳһоԼòˣһˮƿӣһ̰Ҫո࣬һֲò۵ؿˮƿÿһռ󣬻ɢȥ
ǳľƣ
ɲǼ䣬С̶Ժһƺʲôиеףе׾ٴݻһȺ˵ڿǿսⳡ㸲ԵӲϳս
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ⱭƣݶսݲŻ᳤ڷҡӵĻ£ܽܳΪ֮ء
ʶڷĺгʱС̶˺ܶࡣ
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ǸöС̶ţôһأ
϶Ҫⶫѽ
˻ûãҲҪֳŴ֮ĲƷ
С׳ٳûͻһȥ˵׼Ҳˡ
Ժ˼ǧʱȴ·ֻһ˲ӿĵ˳෭ӿֿĥ͸ġСۡ
ߡһǡ

С̷ʶľʱ͹ݺԺȴһƬš
࣬׿һԿԺֻšС̷ԴǾƣͽԭһʱʱʵʵĺѹ۾ȴŵģ˳ڽ
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ˣһƿ

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ƳһֲۣǶҩĽҩ
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ѣһֱڶ񻯡
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֮үǲأ
˵ɫҲʮǾǻʧܡ
δ䣬ͻȻһġá
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157
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˷ңǣôأ
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С̶ҲķӦһ£ĪؿȥôҲ𣿡
ͷֲסҡͷ羪κˣɲǼ䷭û
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Ȼʡǲ֮ǰС̶Թⵤҩź룬ƵЦţ۾ҲЦегһ죺ɶ򣿡
֪ʲôǼүǵһγĵû취ô츳
ˣ
츳Ҳûɣ
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Ӵķ֮ХŰ쵹ʵĵƬ֮ӺХӿ
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Ҳ͹ݵĺԺ
С̶˵ľĿ£Ǳʩ˶䣬彩ӲǶˡ
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λƵﵽǰ棬̧ǰ˼£Է޷ӦسȥԷա
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С̶ѹɤƻ㣺СףľƿǾһ㣬ԣб
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ɲҺȡһһڵĻǰƵأ׿ɲԼС̶츳
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С̶һ߻µİ״ƿһ߽ɵĴƿãСֹţô࣬ƭ˵ֻʣڡ
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СףչһȻسС̶Ҫˣҡ
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С̶ĽŲһ£ûлͷɤȴᡣ
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Ƿڣ
أϵʵǷǵԴ˸Ҹϣƽȵ׷δ
С̶֪˵׷ɵˣ˶೤ʱŽһУϿ硣
ԣһжλãʵĹ
šС̶
˵׾٣Ҳ쳣ᶨ
˵ڵɲǣͻȻصɽ


صС̶΢Ц̲ס죺ƾд˽ǲµΪ
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С̶Щ⣬Ϊʲô׷ˣΡΡ¥鼤Գֵģǲֹһ
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һٷ˶ԣС̶뷨ѸʵǸҪҲе顣
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ҵˣҲˣֻһѾ޳ȥĽ㡣ң˵Ҫ͸ͷԻңһֻ¹
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161
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С̶ȴҡҡͷᶨѧѧԼ˵㡣ӦҲ֪ÿ˶ϲˣҲÿ˶ʺ
⵹Ҳǣͬصͷ͵ˣģޱϵģ޳ȥĺáҪҪɸѡһ£ܼ򵥣ֻҪĵ飬ͿԷֱʺӡ
δ䣬С̶ȴͻȻ̧֣ڹ̨ϲ᲻ص˼¡
۽΢üͷȻӲĴӳз·ϸСӫƮ衣
ҲΪѧͽӵġ
ɤ࣬ʺĺӣҲʺѧʺѧĺӣҲ츳ʺĺӣҲɣֻÿ˵δֻһ㡣
ǣǿԾԼ
ǿԣÿһ˶ԡΪ˳һڷΪ˻ȥΪбȻŸҪĶҲˣͬġƷʡദ
ҪͨǣɢϼĶ
˳Ĭá
յĴУһʱֻʣ»ǳصĺԼС̶ʣֽддͿͿĸĵ
Ҳס
֮˵Щ𣿡
һЩС̶˼ǽЩһˡɡ
ʮˣôܸıϼأ
ΪҲҳϵ׷ߣЩҲûͼɢͽЧ΢΢û˳ɣ˸۷˸ͽҲ׷֮ϳĲƸˡ
С̶ҡҡͷˣҵİ취˵
ֽЩҵ˼ᾧС̶к̸ܶܶǵĶƩ˵־Ʃ˵ķչɣƩ˵ûϲ㽨ĹϵЩ̫ңԶˣԶֱλӰ
һһɡ
Ҳܰ
˵Ҫģϰ//Զһӵĵʲô

Լһյʱ
˹ŹֵУһͷ˳ӳɼѵС̶ֽһӣͷ̾˿ˣ
ȥõģ
ֲĿѧԴҲûװŸͼݣܼһЩɢɢľӾͺܲˣҪʲôг
ҵķֽһţӵһߣС̶µֽСдʾ֭һЩӡ󲿷ǴϹ䣬ǡʩˡ꺮Ȼ֪ɰ֮Ҳȵȡ
ЩС̶ҪжμӹܶȻܺãϼһʿϣδغʡ
µĲ֡
ԼɡһʰС̶һ̾ȻԼ֣ʳ
ֽպãС̶Ժߡ
ԺķΧѾ͸տʼľȫͬÿһոµСˮͰ˿ֿĵˮڣĻҳ£¶Ͱ͵ģ̫ɹƤ
ľͰʱģ϶ľˮҲȪˮϴˬϴĹЧ
СԼʮݣÿһСľƮţάˮ¡ϸСĻڿƮ·˺ĻƣĺɫƣСԺůĳȻɫӰС
˼㡣
ֺǺǵˮ֮ӵͷǸӵ
ϰ˰ͨͷûʲô˼ӣ庢ӣһ򣬱Ѿ֮ǰ޺ۿŮֱЦ
ŮһЦһգ۾Сʣүүô
ЦеĴȣүүȣǱһǿƵļһô
Ůأ̽СԴˮںڵĳˮ̿ɤŴ˭ѽûҳˣҰүүȣ
ʱЦ춼ϲ£ˡ
һΪ˳ɵ룬δֵ֮ζٻȵ긴һݷУҲ⽥ñ
ݱǰС̶ڻһЩ˿ٿԺӵĺӣֻĵһĵطһһؿڳȺģ۽ǷĶ
С̶ˣߵС̶ԣ̾үллЩӡ
ЩӣͻȻһʼ׷ʱĸоΪԲϧһеѪٶʡȥֻŸıϼڣƺҵһȷĿꡣ
ϣЩӣڸõϼ

ϴ裬׿Ҳˣһ·ϲϡ
Ǽûʲô£ǼƬ㵲ϣƨɽҰܣ£һ֪ôСԴһ֨ѵĿꡣ
С̶ſţҲЦ˳ڴĬдʱڤ˼ĽҲһɨաԱߵİ׿һѣȥСףʾ
׿ʱˣң
㵵ػعͷûС̶ֲϲС
ЩСһǶʮֻҰͯʱ⣬˶ˡ
治ϲС̶ü룬ѧãίԱ
ίԱ
׿ƲҡͷʲôžӵģƽҲ͹ݴҲͰˣڻҪչһȺС
ɲɣҲɡ
С̶֪ԷҲһ֡ίԱΪҷַˣʣˣǾȫίԱġ
û˵꣬׿Ѿ໡һɤӳ˳ȥ
ĸᴩ·˫۷⣬

162
򿿶ߵλãһƬյء
Ҳ͹ڣνҲһǽ֮ʵǴĺõطԴ£صĹȴһֱ֪˭ֱһ죬յϽһСľ¥
Χǽɽĸ߸ߵģǽͷʯŸ󷨣û֪ʲôģԴǽ¶һνֳøȵĴϲУʲô¶ʱǶʧѡ
Ϊһðűķգʩ̽ǽڵľʱֻһȺľ¥ĺӡ
ߣˣߣǣ
ߣ塣ף˳
ɤۣܶȻ˳ϡϡأȫǳ棬һź˵СϱǳǳĹΡһǽ֮нȴû˳ǽ̽ͷ̽Ե͵߿һۡ
һȦ򵥵ǽȴȦһ
͵ͺܿ챻ͼƷ˳ȥӰ£ˤʹƨɣϡޡһڣۺ᣺ʲô

뿪ѧãȥĶУƫƫҪռ߽ĺλã
кжЩӡ
͵дĦҲоЩ֣ͱԺ
ʲôأ
Сǿ;

СԺȺܹ⼸仰ĿİضС̶ᣬ΢Цʵסߣˡʲô˼𣿡
ãҡҡͷ
С̶ʣ졢غ֮䣬Ĺϵ
ѧ˳Ĭ֮󣬲ӽ𣺡ǡͷĹϵɣ
˵Ŀ˵ĺϣǸݵк״ʱŵûǺ졣
С̶ùΪʲôô˵
ΪΪкĿİͰͣΪÿ˶ҪؿͷϣЩӣӣкˮǻʽɱɱѼȥһμ񵽰ֻ͵͵ء
ɤԽԽͣյشͷϽ糺죺ﲻҳԣ˵Ǻ˳ԵĶǲ䡭ˣ˰
Ϊʲôء
кĵڳĬľУŵͳķ磬ڿա
С̶΢Цϡ
ʦԺУ̺Ӷ±ӲͷƤϣҴ˿кʳ⣬Ҳ絶һϡ
ĬãС̶Ҳ˵͵ǶԵģϾÿеǰ״̬ӦصĹ򡣡
ҲϳԣҲȷΪÿ˶ڲӰ˵ǰ£ŬȥȨ
кˣ۾㶵ؿ
ʣóԣǲԣ
С̶̾˿
ûоȷֻضѡ񡣡
ŵúӭź¶񣺡һѡÿһѡ񱳺󶼻ε˾ԽԽ£𽥳ɳġ
ϣģܹѡ֮󣬲أԼ
С̶ָڱû£ߵأЩ¡ǣߣˣ˵Ӧػýƽȵĵλ߹ͬ塣
غΰǳתļ֮Ҳл֮ܡʶ磬ȻԼ˫ָı磬νļ롢κ£ֻүԶвͨġ
Ǿš
ʮ棬ϾҲܵõһѧϰ飬зԣд˯ӣԼҲĿ⾼С̶޲ð˵ÿһֶ̽
ȺСģС̶ʧЦˣҲҪż
ֻҪѧ֪ʶѧñҵʱЩ΢Ҳ㹻ˡ
Ͼǻǧһһܽ裬С̶ûָЩȫѧᡣ
ϣܹЩУһӡ
гһգƱãЩٵʵ´ܹϼһƬů

Ŀγ̽ˣǷ׷߳ľݣСԺϢ
ƺϽżǧݣС̶ͼֽ˴ɵģǳܻӭ
С̶Լص͹ݣʼ׼ķˡ
õѾʳĴˣʱڷһͰкáˮнݹ飬һļ飬һЩѾĺɫĢľʮϴƺõ㡣
׿ڲ͹дˣ˼ȴȫܵѧǱߣڼС̶ͣæܹ֣ɶѽ˼㣿
˵һ롣
С̶⵹ˮȥѪĭɫܿοǳİɫ͸һ˿֬ĺ죬ǿű˴Ρ
׿һԿȣһ㣬ȴС̶֣Ҷɲͨ㡣
׿¹ӣǣ
С̶ǿƤ׿￴һϸСģ·ߵİɫƬһȥܱĴú²С
ҲС̶ʶ֮һѰƣɫ羧ƬƬƤͽΪӲ󣬳Խգܴ/ǿȡ
˻ˮ׿ֿһԵĺɫĢҺҲû
㵱Ȼûֻڱ¼Ԩġ
С̶ڹеͣ´л˿ڱζɲǼŷ˳ţԾɫĻȡ
׿ľ
С̶Ѽ⵹зڵľͨľ
׿˿˵ľľͷҸҵģһЩѪ򣬳ȥӦûӶԴ׺
׿
ǰС̷׿ﾪ㵣һٷҲ̫˰ɣ
ǵɫɫʳ˶ǼƷҪڴðһҪۼʯʲô
۴𣿡
С̷΢΢ͷ˼Ƭ̣ʼ磺Ҿûð
Щû˵أƩ˵ӵˮܽϵͳһ鵤Ʃ׼ġʳ֣Ҳʹ飬Щϼ֮
͹ݵʵɱֻй˵ļ˽⣬ϾһĵĲС̶ѣ˵ʳҲһ֡⣬ȻС̷û취İǾֻּ㣬С˼
С̶Ƕ־ʱ
֪ϵĸԴԴһȺˡ
ڣŹнȾ͹⣬ɢ˼С̶ƮͻȻһЩ顣
ǣڤϺͲ򣬷ĹˣһмһɿԿٴһǿߡЩʹõķˣڳɳԼʵı֤ǿ˳ɳصĵز
ɷһе⣬ڴ˰ɣ
С̶̲ס룬ֻԼһܹףʳһѰ㹻ģͬһܹʳĵˣЩɢϼأҲζܹɢϼĸ䡭
ܹܿܿǣôȫУҲȫܵ飿

163
Сѧðݱ֮ʱĳ⣬һ½ؿڴŻ״Ƶ꣬ϴų֮ɫ̤ڡ
ͬһ˵ЦһͻȻתͷؿô£һ·϶޾ɵģ
ʱνְСӸҴһȥǴеͼǲΪ򣬶ҡ˵Եأ
ͬ˵꣬Ա߾˵٩˰ɣͼҪôͱˣֵõǣ
ô˵ͬٺЦòͼȥν֣ȪҲð˵ϵʳһ㲻׷·ʦǸԼĺõطߣʦǾʹȲȵ㣡
һȺЦһţԲȴֻǿЦҡͷʦ֣ǿҴȤˣ֪νֺá
ͬЦ㻹ü
ǰߣɨһ·εس̾
ô֪ܲνأݽһĻⶼְԲˣҲݣֵӰΪԲģⲻɢ
֪ݱ߽ļνֵʽҲͬĳԺһ֣ܿ谭ûоתͼһĴڣǳԺ־ۼĳ֣ȱ˵ʲôӵĶ
ʱ͡Ųŷ֣νֵλþжôҲǰҲƽ˶Ŀ򣬵˵սһ㴳ͼǿƲ۵ȪɽׯʵҲ/ϴıء
ɽڲ࣬ˮɽؾѾرգԴԴϵƬء
ʳǾۼҹ⻪իأƳĻһٮٮߣµĹ⻪իի࣬мܴﵽص츳ˮƽ
˵ʦҵҪһСܡ
ͬѹɤüŪ۵˶˵⻪իãɵν⻪իδõѡ񡣡
̧֣ĵ·ͷָָǱһҲ͹ݣƹ洫գѽǽһ˫ұ֤ǳǼҵķ֮󣬾ͻʲôС²֪ζʲô⻪իӣͳͳÿվ
Ŵɫ΢΢һ
һȴ̾Ҳ֪Ҳ͹ݵλҲ̫ˡȥǼҳԷȻҪȡţŶӣüһһ͹ݣȻɴһƣ˵ϡ治ϡ棿
һȺ˷׷׵ͷ겻ֹ
ӸӣؿηӿþòͣϢ
⻪իʢ꣬δ㣬һҲĲ͹ѹ˷ͷ
ϾˣѾϾϵҲį䵱֪ҡּҵľҲݱչµҹ⻪ի˭бһĽ㡣
ôĻҰĽ㰡һСطĲ͹ѹơ
˵ԼʲôоЩ˿ҡһֱܿνֵϢ˶̸Ĵö֮ҲʵЩ͡
ɡ
֪־ķʢ֪֮ǰҪ˱ȶзҲ͹ݣֳĴ棿
ǡʱ翪ڵλͬпٿͳһСƬ
ӲĿֽӡСצlogoɢ⣬ʮ־¡ͬץſֽ°ͣҲ͹ݵĴȯ
û뵽ɣһһءǲ֪һſƬҲ߰˿ʯһмУ˺Ŷ򲻵
Ǹңпڸ

͹ſڵȷˡ
һȡźνֹ䵴˴ʱڵȵеĺ
֪ͨǣȥ͹ݾͲˡ
һȺ˳ذȾߣûߵ͹ſڣͻȻ˿зĺơǸϵʿסȥ·ʵơ
˶٣Ӿ͸ֱ죺Ҳǵһν֣볢Ҳ͹ݵĲȣû뻹ҪŶӡģҲǣʮʯ
ʿ̧ڴһĨ־ͳʮʯ
Ʒĺʯˮԡ
˳Ƭ̣һʦֵǸǰǡ
ǲ٣ʿæ˵˵Ҳȱʯǿʮ鹻
˵ţҪӴ͡
ʦæסЦǰǲȫʵҲ͹ݵĺڷַʱʶòߵӡǣɴ˱⡭ôеţţԣ˵ͿԱţƣȻ߼ת۵
ԡ
ʿԣʧ䡣һͻȻֵȵȣƽ豾𿴿
Ҳ֮ͨ޸ã
Ӵǰɱ!
ʦһߺˣһҡͷǲ֪֮ǰҲҪƽе󷨡չȥŦըˣžСըԱˣͼɲȶظ˳ȥһ²ٽء
ǵˣ˻Ҳ͹ݵĺûҲ͹ݣ²֪Ҳ͹ݵĺҲʮֱ£һֶλФ񻭹ǽϣȻֻǺڰɫʣȴΩΩФðߵÿһ붼÷ֺ֣ʳͶܿ
ǱǽǿɾͲܲܳϷˣҪ˶ϼѽ
߶߶˵һѣʿڴ˹Ƶͷ㬵ǰȥŶӡ
üֱǧëӣ̲סʵʦ֣Ҳ͹ݵô棿
ղʿȻΪͣλ󣬿ɵҪز͹ƶĹأΪһЩԷĻᣬȻԸóôʯ
ǻǲͷѣҲΪ˴ȯΪһư
һŵ飬ʦļһֿοġ󱲵񣬸֣̾˭˵أ
ν֣һ漣
ǲ͹ݣ漣֮Уһ޿ɱ顣
䣬һŨġͲζӲԶƮ
ʶһڣǻǻ
·һԽبŵĺɲǼ份ȫÿһϸԡԡ»ѣꤵ¶̫ˣֱҪ߸жڡ㡱Ķ壬ʶ˿ڿˮֻúͷɣ
ңʲôζû˿̾Ȼһ磬ʧ̬ˣ
Ա̯λϣʹļ׵һĴȣˣˣ
ÿ춼ô㣬ò˰ˣһȺôóԺúţͲֳɸͷ
ӣ
ز׽ؼʣһ΢û취˼ԼѧãԼ˸ǳԣ쾭塣
ͣƬ̣ҡͷζȷЩﶼζĵر
Ҳ㡣
񣬲ҲǾɳ¹
˼ɢƮɢڷУŨķζһ𣬺ܿ˷ʿˮ
һԱ
΢΢߬ͷŽֵͷͷܶĲ͹ݴţ޲ʹĵۡ
ûȳϷأζ͸еѾˡ
ô죿

164
һ̤Ҳ͹ʱԲСԺľУҲ˿ʱ䡣
׿Űͷ˳ųףһڵǰԴǸճ㹽ľͼⷺ̽ĹϽ˵֭㹽ľɫζɢڿУڳÿһ˵ֱҪ˵Ļߡ
̫ˣ׿ǰķˣˮһҲûͣС̣гԵص£һֻҪʹɾÿһɾһݼӲأ
ܿ죬ѧ¿ˡ
ԼС̺ףؾصŶ߳ѧãһվһС
ǰͷкŷʢķˣǺͮͮ͹ˮĴ㣬Сͨ죬ͬͬߵ׿ǰʱ׿Ｘͨͨ׵
ס׸磬к̣Ĵ۾׿ɤŴллл
С̶̸ǵģڵõǰ߸鷳ʱҪ˵лл
׿ס׵ͻȻһ͡
򵥵һллһ硱ģż˿ƮͻȻЩ֡
׿һ˲ͻȻûʱĳһ磬С΢ЦҪܻܵá
Ҳһĵ죬ãᡣ
׿ĸ࣬ؿĸ΢΢͹ĶƤͷ˺ܾãܵܰɣ
ʧЦΪʲô
Ϊܵܺܿɰ׿ŬţҾͿԴȥɽ棬ȥ񵰣԰ҵ߸ˡ
ЦţסĶ䣺СӣɲܰܵҲˣħ׼ܵڣ
ô˵Ǻ˸к
ճʱҲܿɰװ۵һţٶûؼһԴͮͮһƬССȭͷš
ڰ׿УǸѾģĺӵͻȻٶȱǰŲ̡۰ͰкںΪһ塣
˲ͷ΢ȡ
Զĸܣٶӿͷ
ƺڰչ¶һ֮ǰҲϲеҪһܵܡ
ǰкһɣغ硱ͷĽĿһգգͫ׷·һ徲λεӳӰӡ
׿ͷһůƮƮĳױʶʹһҨҨô󼸿⡣
ҨкɤסԵ㣬೤Ⱑкӿɲôݣ첲ȣݳɲˡ
кͷ΢صлл硱һ̷ˡ
׿ﻹһĽġ硱ûȻ񣬱һŮվǰ
һ޵ĹɿɰЦӯӯɤ·öһлл׸磡

׿һپûͣ
ֱÿһﶼʢķˣһԿĵ̻׿ſյףź֪ʶ鲻ԡ
ôģļƻȫ˰
׿ľݣյС̶Աߣ죺ⲻԣС̶㷹̫ˡ
ȫίԱ̰ģ
С̶ʰ̾ߡ
Ȼ͹вÿϱīֽ⣬С̶ѡÿһɳϸɳ֡һ׷޸ġϰС̶ΪȤĽ̾ڰһͯģһ쵽Сһֶ£ɵۡ
ȵǰϵ߰˰ˣϱīֽҲ١
ѧϰȺܿ죬Ҫܶࡣһ˶ǳ棬纣ˮƴȡ֪ʶһĵرЧС̶Ըоһһѧϰͻͽ
æûմ׿ڵôûԼʣ㣿
׿
׿ûţƵⲻǡӪС̶Сң˵ȷԣûһȺӶԵĵز
⻰࣬С̶̧ͷŹֵһۡ
㻹ԹʲôС̶ָָ⣬Щ㹻𣿡
׿˳ָķ򿴹ȥ£һȺԵ㡣Ҳûʲô࣬Ӷ⼸ѧģǷмֱŤɾǸһ֡˼㡱ĸо
ҸЦݣԷʱҲʼСػ˵Ц֮ǰǰһƬˡ
Щڰ׿Уȷʵĵһůѹ˶ʳĿǱŤ׿ŤͷȥĺӣҸҲܵ԰
С̶һɳպãϵĻҳ
ֱεˣԹˣء
׿۾ʱһϳ˲ɢ̵㲻˵

ﲻֹа׿ķˣС̶˵ġ
һͣٶȱ˶ӵĺӾҲضá͹û죬Ѹѧ˲ˡʡٴġһ
Ա˴űߵС̶࣬Ƭ̺ѵģһسŵھȥ顭
С̶ȴϵȵȣ㲻˵һ¡ʲô飬ܼ𣿡
˱ʵе£ôм
Ҽǵ֮ǰ˵ά꣬԰ɣ
С̶赭дͼϣҲŲ㣬ҪͻĿǰļޣǻҪһʱ䡣ûҪôͰԼڱƵʱ䣬ʵ²𣿡
ã㲻
Ͳҷڣˣ
С̶ЦˣĶȥ
˵ϵͳȨ޶û飬ҲܰѺ󼸲㿪ɣ
ɣҲָϼҹˡз񽻸㣬㿴ɲɡ
˵ţ޳ָϴ䣬˸ӶĿСͳ˼ᡣ
ֽ̧ӹɵطʦְҵ򣿡
С̶ͷûںǵĻ̫ˣǽϼʷϹݱ䣬ǿ۽硣
֮ҪƸǵʷʦ
˷ɿطűᣬһѡذݽϡۣ̲ס̾㻹湻ҵûõĶ⹦𣿡
˵ΰǿ϶Ҫġ
С̶һ˿΢Ĺ⣺пεǰɣȺǰ˾չǿ塭εʦҲˡ
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С̶̧һɨ鲻Խؾûϲ
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Ǳ߰԰ס˽Ų׿򲻻㡣
˵ĿɹˣʲôҲ͹ô׬ʯһȺͼÿóԺúȵعţ˿ڲ͹ݳԵĶʣµġҾͲС̶趼ĶİŰҶ޲óȥ˺ǵ졭
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ԶԶԣ˵Ķԡ
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׿ﻹ˵ЩʲôȴС̶ż͹ȥ
ƿţС̶ƽԺˣʱҲغǵ
˭ʵڲ뿪͹ݣҲǳȥ
Ժӽɫ⣬ů綬յ
͹ܸܵɫվСԺУ׿ܵˡ͡ϲҪǮһڿֻվڴ˴ëױ·ſÿһϸ̰شӿмȡϢѸתؼԹඥ֮ƴǳ㵹£ˮٰкһ׵СԺ
ʱһϢֵܵһ졣

172
ڵɼţڰ壬۵СϷŷ˵ĺΣȥֹɿˡ
ػߣһϯѩɫ±߽ǣԣ˫
С̶Ͱ׿ˣЦŻعͷָָСԺĲݵأС׻ˣ
аɣڲ͹ΪͣСĺ汻׷ϣǿɾͶˡ
׿᲻úӣغۿһ⻰ֽŶʱһ
ãƺ
Ѥãƴ׿ؿȻһǿҵΣСС̶ԶԶҲͰˣı׷ϣĸ飿
׿ʲô˲ˣæһƨڵϣֶؽ״̬
С̶Ű׿⸱šƵľٶεҡͷЦ
׿ʺܺã͹ݵĺöҲһٲ䣬汻ǷֻԼ̫ɢɹģһǻʶûС
ˣȥ
ַʽ޲һ°׿С̶Ҳּɡ
»һȦкӶڵϣü˸ȻѾ壬Ŭؼ䱻͡۵ĵϣҲеְ
С̶ȥС磬ôһУ
̧Ƴؼ׳ʵ赭дЦЦɣҸǻ
̶ֳȵĵϣԺһѵûԼȴ㲻ʲô
ǵȤǵϱĻ
ʱС̶У½޵˫ѾΪˮīµɫؼ۵ףʯ󺣣˫ͫ׾ɣֳǧǧֱָʵַϸ΢ɫҡθ۳ɺ
ʵ̫ˣС̶ΪӾ˶̲סеһѣΡ
֪Ѿ̽صĽ׶ΣС̶ϲ֮࣬Ҳ뱻˦̫Զ
ڲݵ£΢΢ǾͰˡ
ãӭ洵ݵҲϴϸ΢ů⣬ϯض·Ĵϡ
С̶˫Ŀ΢أʶ³ԺеĽɫҳҲϢطɫϼ˸
ƺؼ׳ʵ󣬶ͬǴ󲹵ĺ
縡СԺһɾ͵ľ

Ҳ͹ܰ糣ȴΪһ͡ը˹
·ƣΪ֮ӿ
֮ǰתͼ֮ʱһ޶
Ͼɣƶˣ統һҫۣԶЩø塣ǴݶⳡʢῪĻƵѤóһʱˮһǧˡ
ſʷ׳ʣٳԼǰġ桱ʱоյĵӲˡ
ôƵĺð춼û꣬ǵǶŰ
ȥȥ
ΣҲҪ£
ܹͻ֮˵ԣڿʸԼҹϵʱģ󡢵ŶشеĴҲסˡ
յӵ̣ѣӵһܹ²ĴˣҪʮꡢѰңһڤڤ֮һ˿׽
ڵãʵĵӳǰֱŴǶ㴫߳ˣһеϣŷץסץס
ֻץסһоͻ
δӴ˴кʵӵţʸƮͬԥ
ûУô´Σ´أ
˰룬Ҳ͹ݵƹӵʶŵֻܲ⼸ʮӰɡ
ЩҲ͹ݽãǾԤδһСţ׬
뷨ӿҲ͹ݣųԷ壬С̶һͨͿ䡣ʲôŵȳȱĻ㡭ĻŻ̾ͣС̶һ綼û¶棬ֻܰ񶼽׿ȥ졣
ԼСԺ£ֵԺ˫΢أٵЩ
ķӭ洵Ӱ߲֦Ҷҡ˳
һָУ޳ָӺͷٻѨעָǸڵѭɴһ԰ٶȽһյĻʵԵϵĸٶȼ
۾ûиܵˮʣ
ɤʮᣬȪˮȣסʹλã۵ķǾǵĵڴﵽڣ֮ǰָֻܿѭ
ĽѧҲ棬С̶ܴǷ۵СϿλε˷ܡڵϢʱ䣬ȴû˿ͣ£Χżٽһ㡣
¶֮ܲЦ̧֣һӵԴѧѾˣȥǸտصľܲסټɡ
׷״ͷƺЩʧ䡣
ܼУҲİС̶´磬ʩһ׽òã
ͣƬ̣΢Ҳþû轣ˡ
ЦЦس¿һָۣһ
С̶ԭһ֦ʱչȥָڰ͹ƽĻɫ֦һ㣬ɲǼӫ֣ε֦ƣĽƤ£֦ӳӨ΢⡣
ؿ֦Ϊ̧ۣ̤ơ
ɿݵ֦лʧĽ浤ذ磬֮ƬƬҶ衣
ֻ򵥵ĽʽȴŴһһ޲ˮǿĿתճյ˫ۣǵһμС̶Ҳýԣ˿ƿĿ⡣
ֱǿ֦ڰջһȣٿһֱ֣С̶ȥ
ʱϬʸڿʱͻȻС̶ǰ£֦һ˲ֻѿ
ѿԷɿٶչ֦ͷ۵ĻС̶ʱ㻨Ȼš
Ȼһ֧뵷Ļ֦ˡ
С̶Żֻ֦Ϸ̡ǵǼһžžžƣ˹ʵɸ磬ǡԺҲһ𣿡
ǵȻسЦЦԺҸ
ǿĵüЦ׷ֱͦˡ
ȺУغǻŬеģ
ûûǱˣҪС̶磡
С׸磡
ңҲҪޣ

ͯɤֿ̺⣬ӭźƵĿ⣬С̶һʱݸ
ӵϷվ½ǻҳȥϢɡ
ܱԼˡ

ֹһ˴ѧ׷˸߲ҵĺһСƵѧá
ǽôʲô˲ģ˶ˣӦʷΣ
ظ뿪͸¶Ųᣬһһ͵͵鼾֧شĿ֦˻ıȻװԼһ
Ȼһ轣пӡӰӡ
˼״ɫѿ
ڿϲôõ˽òײúǶȤ
ڵã輸£ǵĻ궼Ҫˡ

173
ſҵݣҪΪǿʼ˾ǵе
ٳʱ˴ȻסС̶һһٵʷΪ֪棬ͨ﷢չɡʷκҪ˵Ļ
С̶شۣôҿĿʱ
ЦƫͷȥҲŲΪϡǵΣ
ãһӷأⶼûźȾˡ
˵űԹĻȴӲ
С̶ǸԲԵӲģ̲סȤҪȻͲ鷳ˣźȾƣȡ
üͷʱһš˵ʷҪתͷˣ
С̶ҡҡͷڵ˽̾ǡ
ǡŶǽã֮ҼܣռϼʷҲͦá
ˣ
ǡǻ᾵ˮ֮ô
ؿڱһ˵ɤ˵Ǽǧǰ䣬֪شٵȥôϼȤֱһõ׺ƨ
ġ
С̶ֺǺǵȥü᲻þ˵᲻£ôʲôһֲٿ⡣
һۡ
ȻС̶Ĳᣬһ˻̲סС̶ǡ͡
˵ɡ͡İɣ
С̶ʵҲò׼ֻǼ˵żҾĥԿҲû뵽ɹˡ
˳ĬƬ̣ûô򵥡
ֻ֪һ֪ʵҪĲţҪЩһеĵϣγɵҲͬʷ׳ʵġһδš
𣿡
һС̶ĺҲǺǲŸոտʼУһеĵϣ
˵üͷ΢壬ܾáÿ⿵ʳйء
Ȼϣ˷ĵΪС̶ĳձ֮ѾѾǽڡЩ򵥵ĳʳҲܸ伫ζܡ
ÿʳʳÿгΪδ޴ɹ飬ֻ/ڶźǵǾջۣ˳Ч
֮С̶ûпʩΪҲǺ֮ϵİʦˡ
˵˵ģʦĸоô
˵ʵѹɽ󡣡С̶һۣ˼ôҲͽ
ƫͷȥǣҲŲô鷳¡
װˣıѾ㡣С̶Цãͽҵи顣
ָ̧ķӭķɢһͷڷ⻪իˣҵϵӦѪ
ˣС̶ʲô˼
˼
С̶ÿǰ΢ҵķ˿΢˸ſµЩһҿɻûء
͹۰ĺǣش˶ڲ͹ſڶݺݵ䡣
ǿ̣벻̣

սϼƮ
ѾȥʲȴңʱƬƬϸƮããҹɫ֮ϣֱбȾȼհĲɫէһȥ·Ƭӿ̽˳
һլԺѵƻͨ
»㱨շ¡
׳ʱں⿲ȣʵʢʱ֮ϸϸ棬Ե۵ǳǳ¶εź֮ɫ
СʦȻૣЩ̫ɶˣĺҲҪãҺСʦͣûǵóѡ
£ԶԷ·Ѿ˸ͨ͸
Ըһ;ԱӰӣҲ³壬С̶ķֱӡЧǵŬԵЩ΢ˡ
Ҳʧ䡣ǡǡ෴С̶Ưشˣž;ܣвסһû˸۸СʦˣʮϼһΪУð
һ̾Ʈҹ
ЩĺӣĵͻȻһǿҵĽС
ңǼϵٻĽ۵Ķ󡣵ʱ˿̣ŮȦ΢죬ĪĽ𼸸ຮҺӣĽǿסڲ͹С̶⿵ĲȣС̶Сѧա
ǸҸ
˼ã΢̾˿
ȴڴʱͻȻһ
𶯣ʲôġվס׼ȥ
Ҷ羢紳룬ѸɨĻ
ؾ̧ͷֻűֱ˵ƿһⴳ룬ӵĿɨƬ֮Ŵ΢΢ͷպϣǿ񡣡
ʲô
ûף˵ݺ󣬱ٿؽӲ
òԼҼõĻϡ
˷ӵĻؽŵֽŷɤҲ͸˿⣺桭ǰܾã֪
ʲôĿһɨѧ
شƬ̣һŵ뷨ɲǼĵӿ𣬾ϲһůϯؿڣæӦǵġ
䣬£ָ̧Լ˱Ȳ衣
ָð˿˿ĲˮⱭ͸֮ǰһˡ
ҿı¡

ϣլԺĵƻ˳ҹ
дڲɫ·ԶԶƮһƥܱ߾ס˼Ҷŵ˴ķζҹıθ湴ȥշתߡ
ͬʱǶĹ⻪իͬƻͨ
СԺ֮󲻾ãϢʹ־ŭû˯⣬һڽⲽ
һի֮ľի´ӳӵöսսûĸ˯һӲһĵƴϣ鲻ǰ㣬򡭡
˵ѡأ˵ⳡասѡ˱ߣվ˶ӣ
ǿѵجģȫҵٻζΪӰ
һҹի±۵С
𣬳СԺд̽ͣڡرʽͽȷϢիʱӲһ֧Ųס̴ӺСһͨˤڵء
ͷδҷ˿Զഹ䣬ԭ˫մ˿쳣㲣ĬãͻȻ̧סա
һ˵ķڣѹֵġ͵͵
Ϊʲôѡ
ٳգ֪һֱҲ͹ݣҲûԼ˴ܻҲ͹ͽ֮ϵ
ֻǾԼ̫ԩˣԩóףòסϻôˣԷĴжȻؼӷ֣ⳡѽӽβļսƽǶֱһصĳ롪
һͿء
Ϊʲôѡĵ㲻
üۿɬͷԼ˫֡
Ǳһ˫۵֣ȴھµ³Ⱦ˱롣־ҪԽϵԼҪԱϿ۵ǻѵδ¡ΪΣɶأ
ߵ˼£Ժܵת뿪ıӰǰֳǰԷν֣µǷš
УȰ
ʱͬڣЩˡ
ĪעԵΪ

174
С̶ΪͽҵĺӦҲԤϣжƽǾ͸ûʲôϵˡ
ҪֻǸǳ˶ѡ
֮ļ컹ƽ˾ֻ͹ݵ𱬣ÿſڵĶܴνͷһֱŵͷѧǱҲҪѡӵ˼̤żвĻҪǱѧ͵ߺӣ󷨸ȫ档
ͬЩӡҵһ
˿̵ѧῴȥһһԴ
һǽ֮ǽ徻׵ѧϰ֮ǻѧ飬СԺзУչƶ˺ĵ£ԺɫǽĻ棬ɵһ¾֮С
ƤƳǽ⡪ءһ죬ȴ˸ղҪѧᣬȴ͵ƷɣҽŻһӰʧ쾡ͷ
Ȼ춯Ҳ󷨸ѧеĺӶЩһ֪С̶߰鶼ǽ⣬һǵľ
治
зۣůˮչʣ뻳ĦƬ̣ͳһСƺ
šسﵹСݵĲϺڴºس
ӡ
һĿңԶջأڲԶĴϡ
͸ɫĸϴѧﺢѧС̶ǵĳϣɫϿɼɫҲҪͽǸ̶ֹɴס˺ǵ˼ά
ǻÿ棬ץŻʽɫһͿĨۼһ࣬һкڹһ˶Ļбۣ⾳ȻгֵĻ
˴΢
ʵΪ׻ֽϣ
кƫƫǻ˳
»ŤŤֻľ˶ϳ⻭֮뵱̺ͬĵ֮
˿ھƣ΢ʹʺ˫΢С
򵥣Ĳ򵥡
пļµ룬С̶һȺС
뿪СԺ̤ϼ磬綼ǵĴ֮±췭ظɡ
ֹһﴫ
õ󷨣ʱ¿塣
ҲнƩյһŶţ۵ؽͷӶŵĻѾѾӡ
ѾѾӮˣ
һƬ˽УѾѾŮڿв࣬ʰʡ
ȻƵᣬϸ۲죬ܷŮĴ΢΢̣ƯüԾȸԾֻϲĹ⡣
ѧɿΣҪԼѡϲӡÿ˶вܣຢӻһӶѾѾȴѾܹõݺꡣ
һϵ츳ѹĿǰϾųɾŵġš
С̶ܶʲôмҲҪʲôãɿνϰ¼ºÿϰѡһΪյϿΡſ壬˷һѧϰɵʱǰǡ
ֻǺڴģҪпΡ
һ轣ԳǿĽΪ;ĽкӵģС̶úѡֵʱ֮߳˶ѡ˽̽˫һ㡣
ʵϣҲ˶ѡ
Ʃ֮ǰ滭кѡһйٱʣƩѾѾѡһľƵĹ١
ѧõ£ѾҵԼѧ˼ң·ηһֱȥ
ͷչ⣬ָһʱ
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һ뵽Է˶ʱоҺڵøˣƺҲ֮ǰˡüͷ΢壬ƺػǽվ
ͬʱһ˵벻ҲӲ͹ݵķƮ˹
׿Ųͳϼڴ˻ڵðһƿ˳İɢСԺҲˡ
Ļܽ⣬زǳļͷ˿ˣ⻹һıܲԼÿһ뷬ѵļΣ˿Ű͸Ĺ󣬱ܲǱгɱƬƺָֻǴСıһ˵ˮ⣬Ϻɫܲȫչ¶֬һ
ǡ˿ΣѧӿЦų׿ӵ
ÿ˲ֹһ״ˣÿһС̣С̶ִöɣ˺ֱҨڲͬķָһŲ̾ͿʢĲһ
쵫쳣Ĳ̣˵ͺһЩڵĶ
Ȼ´䣬ͳԼŲ̣ʩʩȻ߹ȥͺվһ
ҪʦǷ׷ܿС
׿ӹв̣һܽз£ҪҨԺŴͻȻС̶㻹ôȥԼͽܣ
극ȥ۾ֱŰ׿гףߴٵ㣬Ҩ㡣
ͽгԷҪ
ǰˣʶ
֪ܽʮӣҪȡ۵ＹгƬĺ񱡡ȶҪȡϰɫĴ֬ͣＹ⻡εһߣѩϺҲＹϣõĴͿϵ塣
ڷˮɺƬѾַ绨ɫòͺͼ࣬ϻСͽͣһһ죬ըƣܽػţ۰٣Ӻޡ
뵣ַİ׿Ҳ̲ס⣬һҨһ߲ͣʿˮҲһߵһԣꡣ
С̶ڲʳϴӲС׼ķ㡣
ֻ
һܽ⣬ɢ˴ƬͻȻס
ֱݲˣһ
ﲻһ
Ҳ˵壬ס⣬·Ҫ潫俴仨һ˿ߣڰİƬУǳɫϡ
ʲô
ɻ˺ɵسŽݵߣҧһڡ
㣬ɲǼǻ
Ƥŵɵը֮ʮִ࣬ȴ۵ò񻰣а㻬ֱҪҧԼͷϺɱżõĵԣ˿ƬŴڸС
Щʵĵط
С̶ڰƽ֭ʱһЩ֭
֮ܽ࣬һ˿ؼž׽һ͸صķζζڿǻڽںϣ˴ײζĲθɲǼһ̨ס
𺳵ϣϸ΢ڷ⻮Ĵ̼УɲǼ侫ܵ˼£ǿۣƤִ࣬Ϻʵĵԣ֭
·һͷķ籩Уζķ籩ЮղХһ˼
˸еԼÿһ˿ս
ƷζĻϲͼĳ嶯ɵĺ޾ţǧԳɵʳڱ·𿴵黨ţϼɣ߱ŷڳġɲǼӳǧƹԡ
ⲻǺͳɲζ
ǡԽ˳ɵζ

175
㲻ϱӡݵĽǧ꣬ҲϻһֱĿ羴ˣû֮һ
ΪǹھµĳգΪɾ׵͸ж
ɶ˶ԲǴ֮ʦ·ϵ·ˣ֮Դ⻪իҲΪ˼̳гɵǸԸõһЩ
Ȼʱ˿̣һܽ⣬ԺɵΰӰ֮࣬ϢðһӰ
پ£鶯˵黹Ϊͳɲĺ蹵˵С̶м̳г²ı£˴ӲΪǶʱʵֵ£ҪڳɵĻֳԽ
С̶ƫƫˡ
ô˼飬ϵһģһ˱Ǽ΢ᣬڴڵܽ⣬ŲηḻĿڸ̦һζٵʢ磬ȴڲʽеĵ綯ǵͷƻصþòͣЪ
̫ˣ̫ˣ
̤ɽӴ󴨣ԶΪ϶֣ܽϼִĵҲ
ǰʳĵϲ֪κһ֣ɵʶ㣬·ʳļϣִƵУʱ޿̲ڸĴ̼ҪۣͻȻоϵϢЩ
ɵʱ뷱ʢǣҲǳһе֡
ѣ׸ߵľˣ֮Īûκεģ˸оС̶⿵ķһ׽Ƶĵϡ
ֻϱѱˣϵˣ뵽ϡʳС
ɱŴݻһеܣֻδݻٵжζеһоɵĸݻ֮ӭζĵ׶ȰµɲǼ䳨ţ˵Կſڻֵġء
һ⣬ûһͼ˵ס
زǼͣҲڲ֪бһɨա
ͨѵ˿ҲƷ˲ͬѰζ޺ڵ֭н֯뼦ζⷺģˬֲʧζ¶ǡúôĩĺУһůѵ𣬼¶ǣůĵס
вʽУ˶˵ϵϢ
סˣ͵һߣӰһת˲С̶ࡪڽسɴĵ
С̶ڼвˣͻȻðӰһָһ֣ȥ
Ŀƣסⷹˣģ
Ѱô¡Сֵؿܽ⣬Ӧ֪Ҫҿһ飿
֣ϸݵָץסָڽסС̶߬΢죺֪˵ʲô
С̶ôתʱʵ顣
ҲΪԼĿٽãڴĨһѣͳһСӣǰһΣЦ˵ֵϣֻ˵˼ɰɣ
翣Ҫԣ˼ȴǿԿѧϰĶ˫ֱǲӣʱࡣ
ⶫӺδ
۰ͰͶŲӣĿеĿȫβס
С̶գգ۾ΪʲôƫǴӱ𴦵Լģ
㡭˺һͣͣƬ̣ɤΪأסףԣ˵Ķԣֶϲܴڣֻԭġܲܣܲܰ
С̶ӵܲܽڸ㣬ǰɣ
תͷСԺķָָҿ˵˲㡣
ʵҸղŶأұдģǼгҵģֻǰ仯Ӧ˳ϡ
ԣȻͷ
ȴСԺУһϮ£ڵ红Ҫľľ׮
ѩƮīһǳɫԺ΢΢ɫӰ޳ָܶŵ绡ϸ߲ľ׮֮ϣľ׮ӳ˯бѣͳ֮
ľ׮ϰ֮ǱĬ뼡ٽʵҲϢпؾ
ѰõǼ⻯׽֮˵Ϥ֮Ǵ嵽ʶ߱˵ֿպɽپ͸ճһ㣬ûʲôʧܵķˡ
ãźϣૣԭѹ֡
ڼ׿츳ʱҲ˽⡣
ƽĶۣϹʱԣűϿ۹Ҳǽ֮μһࡣ
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ʦǵţͽǰΪ⣡

һҹ֮䣬ͼĹâϼ
֮ǰӰݣȴԷ״ɿӣˮɲǼǧˣϼ·;Զ̤;ĦȭƣҪһˡ
νֵĵؼһǣλǧ
֮ǰǩЭһʶǱһô׳ĴȣĻŭŵذѼ۸ᣬ׷״ǿҪҲ͹ݴùϵҲҪ̯λЭ鷢չΪԼ
ʯˮ㻩С̶Уԭķֳ⣬С̶ʿӲ˴ѵ챦Ƕ飬۽񣬲ģʤС̶Ĵռ䶼Щ׽⡣
С̶δյȫգǶ֡
֮ǰ͹ݽֻͣ͵Ҳԥ˻ȥƷҲͺС̶ֵýãִϵͳıѡһЩ
Щϵͳжѻɽͳڸڲһˡ
ЩǹϵѾʧʱⳤеϡС
еյ󣬵úޡ
ɺϹʱڵɺЩ˼ٻһ
ֽŶ£СյĻ첻ɺڣӣŵĴй޹ֿˣ
޹һǧĵǿɺֻƾһʤʮ֮˾ŵš
ֻ⹦ҪУݾһҩΪɺ
Ȼ䣬ɺӴ˲ټɺƾпǧ꣬һɽ䵽µȣһƷɺòֻЩƷǿҩ꣬Ҳʵɽˮĵز
ȻҲӣͼת͡
ڣɺϣС̶һĴɺ㹻ɺꡣ
ɺʿм㣬ҲȻ£޲п֪̾Ҳ͹ݴĶ֪ŵܣΣס˴СӽС̶ŵĴˡ
ȥѶ˵ֿ󶥲㣬պڵ޹ߵݣ
Ƶηϼأ񡱵ĴڣС̶Ҳ͹ݵʵһ翵ıɴ
ЩԭС̶ֻã˵һ֣վʱķ϶ѡ
ڣǲٰС̶һǳ˶˶ɣС̶ϹŴУĳš
ţ⻪իڲ͸¶ǸһֱҲ͹ݵˣƺܡ¡ǹ⻪իڣ
͹Ǹ˵İ½ޣ˵Ҳƺǧǿ
һ飬ĴһС͹ܼң
²˵硣ӣС̶š˵ǱʵˣжС̶ľηɵ֣ԭЩҲæС˼ٲȥҲ͹ݡ
ԻΪԡΪҲ͹ݷɿŽϵ
һ糯¹ϼ֮ȽȽ

´÷зʱ˿̵Ҳ͹ȴһƬ塣
ǶˣѧҲʶҲЦֵĻЦ
ʱ䣬׿ʶ緵ز͹ݣſյСԺٿԼҲŲ⣬Ƿַˡ
׿ﲢÿġ
ֻģС̶ߺšð׷ɫ޵Ķ罷ͷʱ׿Ȼͷ֧°ͣһơ
ͷ㡣
ڰ۵ϣ͵ڵƹ΢΢ֻζˮͼҪ
׿˿⣬Ŵϸ۾Ө渲Ų㱡࣬ͣȾ֬ƵĺΡ
ͷ˰죬ٿ̾˿ҪǺǻھͺˡ
ҼǵѾѾСʯϲ㡣

184
׿һ죬͹ݶࡣ
ĴһʱֻХķϴƹ
С̶һز߳ԶԶؼзΧͳҲ̾˿
õģǻĺܺá
ϣС׷ָˣοǰҸÿһѷзƽУǶܴ֪ôԼ
׿üͷϰ˲͹ݵĳʳԲ±ķô죿
⣬ɹƤ裬С̶ָ΢΢ãǵĴһСͱװ˾СɣʡŵԵĻһ»ûġ
׿üһ֮أ
С̶üⲻͼո¡³аô
ǼҺӵų̶ȣЩųҪ񣬵ʱǶ׼һЩǲͺá
˵ɣ׿ɥҪǴ䱻͵أҪǷŪأҪǺǱż˵

С̶ɫЩѿ첻£ϹЩʲô߰ģ
ϻ׿Ʋ죬ֲίԱ
С̶είԱֲǱķöԺеģЩС⣬ܴ
Сףҿ⼸ǲеûţ
պãм½㡣

С̶׿¹ǺͳһӴŰݷøŴڽ֮䰵дĿǰ
ǸǳʺǶ˵Ļơ
ңͼʶԶǳԸ񣬰׿Ǽ̳ı£С̶ǰƺڵһʱ︺ν־ӪһǿҲܴ͹Խӡ
ΪʲôҪݣ
׿ɻ󲻽⣺С̶Ҫȥˣ
С̶ɫʮԥĬ֮ҲЩ׼ûġ
డ
׿ﳯһǷŬŬ죺Ǵݴܳͺˡ
ˣ
Ҳࡣ
һ⣬̧ĨĨ죺Ҵڱӡ״̬һж޸֪ͨ˽ڲҪʧˡ
׿ôѵģ
˫΢У¶˼ɫһѾΧ»̣ʮ·ż򡣡
³꣬ӻͳƺһڣ£ֵС̶˵ĶԣչǺܶûгϣŶһҲջЩһ鱨
׿ﲻÿɷʼ硣
ȻֵòôȤڽһʱ׿ﻹذС̶ָʾִС
æʱܻһֳʵУҲð׿עشӺ뿪ʵתƳȥÿһͷԡʲô᲻𾢶ģ
䷢һºҹ
Ǹҹ£صƽĻ˸ʵʵճˮܵع¶Ƥϣ޶һ⡣
ŰݷãһϢ˵Ƿһڰй۲ͷĹ¶ƺҲ
ǰǿЩӣЩ¶΢Ѫͼ
ٲô롣
С̶һ߸Щ㣬һһЦǲǺܺ𣿡
Ȼ¶ʵӦò࣬չǸı˵Ļᡣ
С̶ܸ˿ϼŷת䣬ԽĹ¶ţҡ¢ϵ֮·ͻᱻ˿һ϶ĹܹѰռңôС̶ȫеʱͻʵֵϣ
üСƹѵòˬ
С̶ɻ󣺡ʲôˬ
˰ģ°⣬Ҳǲ͹ݿȺӣڶѧȥ
С̶ҡҡͷ
ģףԽȴѡ
̧֣Դ΢㶵ĳ֣֪һ𣿾㲻ܾɷɢ˼άųԽʱĴʶ;ùЩǱȵĹؼڡֻһζģµˣûа취óɹġ
类С̶ɫ죬΢شͷףǵС˼СƹԶˣǳԽϼǸ˰
С̶ҡҡͷĳļ
źοĴ޵УС̶ɣûԼҲܿԼıϼһƬء
ˣС̶Ȼһ£ʱ䣬νֵ´÷з˾ûϵ㣿
豭Ȳ裬һСǺˮſЦŷ²豭ɫʮָӣǡϵɡ
С̶Թɫ˵
Ҳûʲô˵ģ°ͣǽһȥ˵ǻָݣ¸Ҽ̳мҵľʸҪҲ͹ǩĳԼӸתΪ塭һؼңǿ̯λ
С̶ɫҲЩѿֲͨͣǵѡ
ҵüֵ͸ඡ
ӻ֣û˵ô࣬˵û˼ǲǻȥġ
ɫ̫ÿƺû뵽һᲵӣܰأ˵ݻˡ˵Сƹһͦϲܻû취ӡ
˵ȥ绹ںˡϵĿҲԼһ֤Լ˼·ȷģôС̶ѧһʱĽϰ뷨ͳתˡ
ȻҪŬʵֵ
˵ԺӣҺΣ
ھúþӪν֣Сƹߣ㾿ܰĵط
Щһһ䱻翴
С̶һͷҲá
ǵǿЩǿû˸͹ݵķâٰЩǼλϣ֪Ǵһλǡ
ݸҡҡͷֵͷ
ʵѾںЩˡ
С̶˵ǳ棬ϸ룬־Ȥ
죬һͻȻִ졣
¡
ֵ֮һ˶Ŀնգƽ߸ߣС̶еĴɱûȣڵϡ
ô
ɵ̧ͷϸߣֻѵķ϶ϴθӴй¶˿˿ƵϢҲΪɲܵ˺ëηĺ
Ҳɻظͷ૵ݷ򡣡
˶٣ֵԽԽƵĳʲô¡
С̶ص˵ͷ
ҪЩȥˡ

185
ǳҪȥģȻС̶δȥ͹ȴǣ̫ࡣ
Ȼڰ׿ϢݵΣճ̶Ƚ֮ǰС̶й֮޲
Щ껹кܶǰȥݵģ׿˫ֱȻ룬ɺڣжϾˣôܲɳӢȥѰҰ취
⵹Ҳǡ
С̶ʣأ
Ȼһû
ƻҡҷǽӰζ
׿̧֣ھ˸ĨӵĶС̶
ˣʬȫϨ𣬿ɴȴһϢûܴ
һֱһ°ͣɷµ˼ӣҹţ̤һ˲䣬ͱʲôһˢˢĨ˲ӡ
⻰˵ɭɭģϰ׿ﱻƹϳӳǽϺӰӣʱС̶еЩ
һ̣ס֡
޳Ҳ͸ů˳˫֮һ·ӣڵůĵȥ
£ڡ
С̶ļ򣬻ɺΪ󴫳УɳĶȻΪ֮ˣĶֻ࣬ӦҲú޵ֻֿ֮ƬϢ޷
ˣҸһֿܣҲʱΪ٣Ƭɢ䣬γĴų򡪡˵һ̬صĸض죬ֻض족У˻ԵΣա
ΪԳϵת߼ѾΪһܹԲŻʹƺʹʧЧɡ
вǿʶĽͺ߼ȥȰ׿￿׶ˡ
һֳµ⡣
ʹãҲᱻáãô鱦ҲʧȥЧ
˵ɫм֣أǱĴ㣬Ʃ˵ò䣬ǾֻܶЩҩҪҩɢ֮ǰ뿪ֻߣܶã̤ڵ˾ֻܿ/ӦΣա
ϸϸС̶ҲԽԽࣺݵ±ĻҪΣա
ǣ׿ɫѾЩˣĻʿʲô𣿡
вУС̶ȥˡ
ãгке棬ȥǹطðա
С̶̾׿ҡҡͷû££β㡣
׿
׿ղŻµɫףһӴֲң
ϴȥƺڣС̶û
ȥôʺ
֣С̶ֵҪţ˵㲻ίԱ𣿡
ȥľˣǻز͹ҪҪ𣿡
׿
뵽ǣ׿ǿ˵ˡ
ǲ̫ģƵһߣС̶ͼҪͬеԱ
˾Ͳ˵ˣС̶ȥǶ̲סԼȥһֺ̽ǺǵһţһҲֱ̧ʾԼҪһͬǰݡ
֮⣬ûʲôҪѡƩˣΪܸߣȥ˷Σա
ֵҪҪʳֺǰ
æɣС̶Щԥٿǡ
Դƺڻĺͺ¶棬С̶ƤٸʱһݣĴ˵м±ٻأҪЩʱղٻ
ʱ䣬ӦҲˣȥˮפؿǴӦͬУҲǲС
࣬ΪϹŴȻ꣬/ȴʵʵǧġ
缾Ԥϣ֮޷ճʹƾʣҲܻС̶ȫ
ˣǶˡ
ȥ󣬡С̶ȻҪȥǾԽԽãҲȥء

峿Ҳ͹ݵ˱׷æΪ׼
ҲƿգǶСԺ
Ϊ˱鷳سʱֱ˲ƵԷͥԺ
ڳﰾһࡣ
ͨƤ࣬ĳײϽ£Ҳ磬ⶡƤ㹽紼ƮƬƬСۡ
վԺŴһ̧ڴö¡
ΪͣҲδԼϢɲǣŮǸջع⿵ĳȻ룬ϲ̧ͷǰˣ
һֱȻ˵ͽС̶ǰĵ׻û̫ء
ֻػǰܻʦ
ܸѧѾǳˣð״Ҩһ࣬ЩϸĴл棬ݸˡ
Ŵװ׾ϸ壬ⶡƤ㻬˼㣬һڣůڻɢ峿ʪ䣬˼죬۾
ɳڵǣһ㡣
ؽӹ룬ɵվһԣ˽лãϵĴ䣬ͷؽ˵ÿһֶӡĵס
߶߶˵һͨͻȻҺܿ뿪򡣡
һ£Цŵ˵ͷ
Ȼǻ᳤ڴͬһطӣҲϵһ죬źֻûٶѧһЩ⿼ɣ
ԥƬ̣СʵǰҡҲҪ뿪ˡ
Ŷ
˿һۣ˼תʱһ¡
ľˣڵӮˣ
ȻȱԺһЩ
⵹Ҳʵ飬ʵҶھ˭֮λһһֱҡڲֱ¶мұֵöƫмӣŸҡڵƽؼһö롣
Ҳʹýŵƽ˲ƣµʱΣִƵիͻͽӸ涼ʤڵĶի
Ϣ˵üͷ΢΢𣺡ԣң̳м֮λ
ؽӴҲвʱ䣬󱲵ҲЩ˽⡣
һʼС̶سգΪԼӴ֣ز֮ʵǸѼϼܣŮıģһ£Ʒζ⿼ȵγ
ҼǸ˶ҫλãŮ˵һ
㲻Ըҵǿ취
˱һϵҲС츳УҲһ
һĹ⻪իûʲôģҴݻʹȥΣ㿴Σ

186
һûܾ顣
ǰΪ˸Ľʳײ跹˼⿲ڳɹһʳ˼չ¶ЦգκҰ΢Ц⣬ֿ˸ϲõĹ⡣
ϲ³ԸΪһ˲ŻӵеĹ⡣
Ҳ˶෬˼Ǻվطԭ
ȻǰѾͷ츳С̶СϼҲһָּ˼⣬֮ųϺȳҲĿһҷ֮û
ʵЩ
г󣬾ûصĻӦ
ķ绹Щ͵ĺ½߽ӹ΢΢ͷؿŮ촽ָҲһǳɫȹѾ챻ˡ
Ȼھһѵľ
ʲôΪѵģ
Ĭȴּˡ
ֱ֮ڿڡ
ǸɤǰܱǸҪ̳мûһΡ
ˣ
ô
ôܾܾ
ȫ˵ԤϣɲǼ佩һ˲ԭõ˵Ҳɤһ˲ں
Ӧöʡ
عһ⣬ʵЩ֪ôؿڷƣ˦ߣҶʲջ̲סڣΪʲô
ܾˣҲЩ΢ͷϷ˿紵ҡ
۵׷ˮ⡣
˵ҲʮּѣھܾĻ˵ڵɲǣͺԼȥ˲ͬĲ·
Ůɫ֮Уֻź޺ڡ
ЦţΡ
˶Ҳס
صЦЩǿʵڷּҾտʼ֮ʱҲֹһйӱĴ㡣
ҲϲҲʲôҵȷϲǰ˵ʶھΪ֪ʳģҵӡǵĲס
̾һתǸǶôӣҲˡ
üͷһһš
Ǻ룬ҲҲֻԼ֣ôһ֮
ػһתˣ̳й⻪իĻǷּҵ㡣
֪۹Ϭºܹ⻪իٶš²ƺ伫⻪իɴ׹ԨǧеҲǰµĸ
촽΢ţ˵ʲôƬ֮ס졣
ֻüͷšøЩ
ǲĵܵܡؿЦҡͷȻ϶ϵǳЩ㶨Ȼֶѹ˽ϵҲ֪ϵµʱ±вֳ֧֣óȻϵԿʹʤˣҲһԪˡ
ҲԹۣŹ⻪իڶϵͷּܾˡ
Щ˵Ķ˵ɫԻЩ
Ĵɻ󣺡ҪΪ˼Լ֮
˷ŻĳҪֻ֪Ҫǣû취ȫȫעڳδҲֻԽԽģ´˿̾۷塣
Ͽɵġ
˵Ĺ̽۷İزֵóΪһ׷ңǹ⻪ի鷲֮¡
ҿԴһ⻪իͿԴի˵ҲˣֻҪ㹻ǿٽһµΣ
αΪļ壬ԼĴഺ
ذţ˵ͷҡҡͷ
ǰô˵
ɤ࣬ͣȴǰδеļᶨұϾҵϵСܼôȴδܸЩʲô
ͬˡ
ΪһŤת⻪իĿǰϵĲһӳ˲ţһӵ½עгϣǰΪĿ꣬ĥ
Ůٶ̧ͷ
۵ˮɣֱòһˡ
Ҫ⻪ի³Ϊ֮ҪÿһӵܶΪǵϸе
ңСԺ
վڱ΢УأһһٵţִµĹ⻪իܹΪķûΪδꡢǧ꣬иԶǿҵŴ߳
ǻķԸ
һ죬һҲ޺ˡ
ֳĬ˺ܾá
գϧεһ˦䣬Ӱת˲ʧڰա
ȥķףʩһ񣺡лǰȫ
Ƭ֮󣬿ƮһԶɤ
˵
ǰˣ´μ棬ҡʦɡ

صҲ͹ʱѵûһ磬ɫɣࡣ
С̶Լ󣬻ؼʱǡÿ⸱ģôˣʲôϲ𣿡
˽ͷʱֳ꣬һĺ󱲣Ȼϲɺء
Ϊϲ⻪իɣիΧʱһֱܷҡصۣ⻹ǵһΣС̶ǰ˵ǡҡ
С̶תأ
˵Ĵ΢΢ֱ̣Լѹ£Ȼڵģ¶Ƶĺ顣
ſʱ˵ȴǣй¶
԰գҡڵؽȥˡ
С̶ıӰݸҡҡͷ
ǸӲļһ
ԼƼȥصʦƼˡ
ջĿ⣬С̶մǰֿң·һںڵˮʱͻȻһͣһ¡
ˮһɫݡ
ʱϸСݴӺݿð๾࣬ˮϡ
˻ⶫ
С̶ֹţ̽ˮ̳
ˮãȴո¶⻬ûһ˿ʣɢǳԣʮƯ
С̶˼Ƭֽ̧̣
ⶫܻش⣬ᳪ裬ҲϹʱйϵȥݿ˵׼Ѱ

ǰݵһ׼ڶ̶һ׼׵С̶˰׿עְνи翴ܡ
͹ϵͳĻõǲõġΪ˱״С̶ȫĻõ˰׿ʡЩã͹Ͻʮꡣ
ҲˮŵĻš
˵һҪصǼգЦ֪ǰӣȥðֺ£Ȼ
С̶ͷ
ʱоࡣ
ǴԼҪã
ָգա
ãС̶İǵȳǰɽǼ̳

187
ݾݲ̫ԶʻֻҪʱ͹
˵Ҳ͹ݵƹҪ÷νһȺí˾ģ˵³Ʒ¿Ƕȫ󷨣ʵ˴֮״жӳɣܰʱ̵졣
С̶Ȼлܾ˶Էͱľٶֻ˵衣
峿һ˷ڰ׿ĽĿУķٶ֮죬һӰֱݶȥ
б󷨣ó֮˰ȵͷ󴨣ɽӡ
ãػشľָд֮ɫС̶ӭ翴һжδ֪֮ĵҲƱ紵ɢࡣ
ͷ۱紵ùĵ׵оȴݻһҡ
ͦС̶ݸҪʲô
ǧĹȥĶǷַӵ飬Ժô
룺òϣ͸ͽܡ
ԺпУϷȥθݣôţȽų
ˣС̶Цôˣ⼸䲻ͽܣǰҲû࿴أ
˰Ȼһʱһʱ
͹˶֪ΪͽҴɽϷ۵ͳȴ֪飬ʱС̶˽̸ʲôͽܣ
С̶ʼĩ˵
ˮԼ鱨ϵڹ⻪ի֮£֪ĲС̶١
ߣ֧°ͣ΢΢ͷô˵Ļɽʱǵȷ˵˹⻪ի¡
ҼλɵϵһλﵣμˣҼ˶ڻܲλӣŵ塣
Ǳܣ˵ʱۺ룬һɣǿͽܣҵѪ
ԣȻصͷ
⵹ҲǣܵõϿɣӦЩ¡
˶٣ֲ˵ﵣμ󣬲δ֮ǰ侮ʯţԼĶֳΪҵ᳤ϡȣҲ
⵹˺С̶ö֪Ϣ
˶Ƭ̣Ըеֲ˼飺ϣ
ͷǰ
⻪իպ˲ãС̶˼ת૵ذѿطԲӦ໥֣໥䡭
ʤȣҲһ巢չ׳ܻЩ״飻ĺװѼƫһʵȨϣֶκҲΪּҡΪ⻪իСĹס
ͬΪıΪ֧ţֱ˴ǯƣŤת⻪իĿǰβ󲻵ľ档
ҲػĸԸԼһ⡣
˿أ°̧øߣ֮ɫԱ
Ƕλҵδһˡ
С̶һָ֮ǰµλͽܣҲǹ⻪ի
ҪҵͽܣҪҿֵģȥӪ⻪իԮɡ
˶ʱס
֪С̶ƺΪͽһ£С̶Ҳδµ˲֪ӵлһ˱С̶ȥ
˶ʱЩãͽܣôҲû˵һ
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ݵȷǸ
״Ҳս
С̶˼ƮԶԾԾ֮ʱһߵĽܶҲƽ飬ںӰлָ
ָ֮󣬲ŸʶǰһںϺжô𺳡
ǵһݣ
Ȼ𾪵С̶ĵ׵ľκ˼ҪûҲûݣѸϤô˵ԣʳļ⿰ɣ
Ƕ˵ĸʳҪҲ֪һ
֪ܶͬʳģ̺ĵƬҲͬһŶۡ
еʳԡֱķʽԵĵƬ⡣
ĲȻȶͨɰͰ⿣ڰʵҲ˷ʳĵıԣ˷ʳ̺
ڱ˿ĹУƬڻĹɢֻм³Ϊ
ǰˣͬǷ㣬̺ķȴһϵһϵС̶׼ȷжϵһ㣬һڣһ
ǻûü˵Լ͸һ𣿡
Щɵ͵С̶һ̧ۣŮòϹèӡ㣬˵ںתǶ٣
Ůõصһֽ̧ۣĸ첲ôϹèӣǽֱױȵ츳ֱ
Ҳ벻С̶ʦͨһУֻܹڶԷǼʳ츳˵תʡ
Ů򴽣оζζ籩ɨǿҴ̼̲סСҲ֪Ӧúܸߡ
϶ܸߡ
ڴ˿̳ӯ˵һС
ûĸоˣ
нԼѣԴӸȥڵʧȥ;Ϊһֱڲµ²þҪƿ⡣
һںǲסΪн׵Ķߡ
Ҫǡ
ŮһۣϬͻȻͨһڵء
һС̶һ
Ǹʲô
ʦǲμ鶦ᣡ˵ĶͷڵϣֻҪʦԸæκҪǶһΪ쵽
С̶ЦãѺôŰ˴ӵ
ҪҲᣬʵ鶦᾿ʲô

Ϊ𣬵Ҳ˶ʸԳΪΪ˱һЩֻڰ˻ˮ㣬׿һ֯鶦ᡣ
ʵһʽĿˡ
С̶ţĵ鶦ᣬе֮ǰμӵ˰
ŮⳡʢУʱȲͳһΪСᣬѡӵʵΪʮΪᣬڲҪȣ֮ҲҪȡ
ڴһ꣬ݸѡζǰ룬׳֮ϽгնԾġǿܹõ׳ءΰݳżĻᡣ
ȵȣżС̶ʲô
ŮƬ̣Ц֪Щǵ;˵ˡ
ϸһ˿ı죬΢΢ͷǵĸסȻÿһ춼룬δͨ鶦СѡΣԡʵ㲻ֻǡ
ŮɤԽԽͣϸ
С̶Ȼصͷ⡣
Ļ档
һʲڵĸΪԼһѪдһݲף׷ˣһδõ鶦ϿɣС̶ҲԸƺΪ
ĸһֵ𾴵ˣС̶ˣںϺĲףǽеĲ𣿡
ŮãȻ̧ͷ۵׽־ϲĹ⣺Ը⣿
Щִ٣˫ֽǰⲻһƽĽףʦĳգĪĲ׶Ҳֵһᡣ
С̶ĲˣŮʶǰλĴڡ׺ľдµĲףԶԶԷ˳ѾǵĲˡ
С̶ȴҡҡͷ
еŬֵء
ָָ̧ĻɫˣɭǲȫҪǱ߱˵

ҹĻ٣ǳ
Զһ˵ĳſڣҲӭһλꡣ
غһӦС̶ǽʱǽֵģڵαĻҪӣصλһƬҰڵֶûУ˵Ӱˡ
һ·ɱϧ֮ʱϵһ򡣽֮סˣС̶òǿмһꣿ
·˷׷ҡͷ
ǡʱƼ׿̲סʵλС磬ҵ𣿡
תʵΣ
Ļ϶μ鶦ɣֹȷݶͿȥ鶦
ݶ
ǿ϶ˡ
üͷ΢塣
ʱǰְشǰѹɤʮڴʣС磬Ҫȥ鶦Ѱͬ飬Ҳһλˣ
㶵鶦йأ
ǵȻһĴȣСĶģⶼ֪
鶦ʢᣬ㶼û᳡أ
Ȼ
Сû¹γ
֪Լ˲óԡ
ʱԹС̶ôζȣֲֹһοС̶⿹̣ԼưĻšܡҲò˳
ˣô졣
Ǻʮָմˮĳսʣһ¶һˬº͵΢ЦġžͺŷĴ
ûҾ

192
ݵĳҲ治һ
ʱС̶ʮֺ˰ѳǽϽʸУʯϵļ򵥶С̶ڳǽϸµƺǴ󷨡
Ȼ֪ѷݣܷӳСͳϿӡֱС̶ѡ
ݣͨԷ˾Ӷ࣬ûʸģΨ۵ĳ򣬲Żӵǿķ
ݵģʽǧ꣬᲻Ƿչִ᣿
ϸ룬治ųֿܡ
ߣС̶˸˼ƩһҴ̻ǰʮɫĲʵƣŲû𣬵ͨ磬ȻҲȡ
棬С̶̲סŻŲ࿴˼ۡһ룬㱻ס䣺ʦˣǿߡ
ƻŮɫȴܲÿ
ƻĿۣзȻлںޣʮָӡ
й°
С̶Լӿ첽Ǻʵǵô£
ŮŻƣ鲻Ը¥Ƿɽ鶦Эפ֮أۼĶǳԣĵطǵƣʳϵάְˣһϣܺĵ൱
֮УһԵҲͶȥųĿ⣺ڣʵƨûУΪ԰ڡ
С̶Ĭŵͷ
⣬ƶ඼һƲĻ⡣
С̶ܶ˶鶦Э֮ƺԴڶԸԣ׼ĵӣ˵ĿлŸΪӵĶ
ڴ鶦ЭƻԻ͵Ĵſ·ʱС̶ע⵽Ůȡ£߬ģĻ󵽱Σָס
ǡڴʱƻͨĴڴһЦ
ѧ磬㿴⻨𣿡
ǸɤϸӴ߳ʱЩϹС̶۾ﴩǳɫȹȹһȦһȦˮƵԲߴɻƣϴһȦɫơ
ЩȻ뻨ͬԭ龧ʯǹâ۵ŨҲΪҫۡ
С̶ָһ㣬Ļһȼ㣬Ůһ·൱ڰ㴩ϣ⻹ڵΣָͷڵȡ
㡱ĹЦʮۣȹԭת˸ʰ쵵Ȧѧ磬⼸յֻģӣҵѾýʦӽұˣǳʱҪɽǶơ
ڴͬЦ⣺һ
ĻƣҲȲЦա
£Ľܶ˻Ȼɫ䣡
С̶Ůҧס´ڴҧһѪۣ߬ȭͷһƥСǱŮסһͻЭţһȭϡ
Ũҵڸǲסĺ⡣
ҲֳΡ
Ǹ㿡ʵĺ꣬ٶüĿ䣬β΢΢Ǹ˵ҲЦģȥǫ͡
ʱ˿̣ڱزʵӳ£۵׷쵵Ĺ⣬º֮࣬ԵЩ顣
ڿɲǣС̶ŮٿһȦɿ졣
ֱһ£Լҵܵͷߡ
ϧǳһ
ںüһɨƼ·ˣһ˲Ӧ죬Ц󣺡ӨܵܣþòôᵽЭ
ܶ˵ĽŲԭء
׺龧ĹߵߣֱۣܵƳһۣѧ磬ǾǸġʲôţǰЭᴦǸˣ
ڡ
û
ƹ죬ֲ֧ЦһûоһˣҪ͵ĲױˣЦǻû鶦Ὺʼ޵ݣ߻ħ
ĸ磬ôˣ㾹һࣿ
˵չж
ŮĻȴǸӶģҴҰǿо£ûûõĹ
͵ҲףҲӦøмġ
ܺʮִͳ֣Ϊ顣
Ĺ΢죬ֳп˿СʲôˣĲŻˡѧ磬̫ʵۣŻᱻƭ
Ƕһһ䣬Ũˡ
ӨȦͨ죬ˮӨӨ۵״תֱӲס
ŭգģ˭أ͵ġ
û˵ֱ꣬Өһס󣺡˵ˣ
ŭػͷ㣬ʲôʱˣ㻹˵
Щʲô壿
Ůٿ̧ͷˮӽסǰ꣬ۿüѪ
б£鶦˵ȥ
˵꣬קŵܵܲɿ죬ͷǰͳ塣
ԶԶأңңп̾ϢԼŮӼϸЦ
С̶һо۵ףȻ֪飬ҽܵı֣ҲµһЩ
첽ȥο˼ղˡ
ǸʦЦˡӨĨ˰ղĹεļһ뺲ѧҵǰµˣ֮ǰ
ҵδ򡣡

ڷɽڣҲʲôŴ󻧣СӹҲһֱƽƽȡ
ܶ˵ĸȻûͨ鶦ĿˣһֳҲֻЩͨȣҲܴŽܶ˹ӡ
ֱǰһɭֲʱһҰ׷ɱꡣ
ݵҰǿɲͨҰǣڳ̺Ƭһ̶ϲ˱ޣ˼ǻſصӳ졣ֻ걾ƲᣬܵҰڵƬĳʱʧȥ˼䡣
ֻǵԼ뺲ѧ
ʧ䣬Ҳߣ󣬱뺲ѧʱңƺת㡣
뺲ѧģݣס˼꣬ӨİǸӣѧϰûʲôԣϵҲŰѼҴս̸뺲ѧҲʮִһѧͻᡣ
ϵʮϲŮ޸꣬ڣҲǴһ²
ǺķѰƳһŻ㲻ʱһ̵ĲԼŮ뺲ѧˡ
ͬʱϵμһ鶦ᣬҪһ
Ǽ˶û뵽ѧ׺ĵһ£Ȼȥ鶦ᷴҧһڣ˵ϵռԼƵĲףҪԼҵĿܡ
Ǹ޳ܵƭӣӨ۽ˮ˸鶦ᣬ˲һ֮ԣ⹴Э᳤ϵŮǸӵƫƫһƤңҵϹۡ
С̶̾Ůļ
ӨĨĨ۽ǣЦʵ⵹ûʲôһҪллҿǸ˵Ŀ
Ǵ±֮󣬵鶦Эƣ޷μ鶦ᣬŭģᣬʱһʱ飬ûƴʳеĵƬ
С̶͵˿
ԭν߻ħϵˡڰ
ݵǸΣյĻơ
һߣǹģ
ûӨٿսȭ̧ͷᶨҺ͵ܾܵҲҪμ鶦ᣡ
Ҫʵ֤ŲǸ׵ѪҲֻܹ

193
ҹݣɫ˪
˪ѩ΢УӨ۵ȴ·ӳǻҫĿ
־
С̶˼ƣŮʵһֱ游ϰ𣿡
ӨƬ̣ͻȻҡҡͷֻں޵Ĺ⣺ҡ֮ǰһֱи游ѧϰֱ뺲ѧˡٶ̫죬ò˼ܳԽңҸ̳²Ҿ͡
ŮնǻȫȫעϣĿҲӡҪ̳и׵Ĳ͹ݡתˡҪѧ統
˼һӣվ͵ˣѵҲ֮ǰڿ졣
һӨûô̤һֻƻͬĳ֮¡
ȴû뵽ۺ֮飬ӨĵްֳԣеֻǺ޲óԼƵĻ⣬Լ˺ѳյ硣
ŮûشͷС̶û˵ʲô룬Ů̯֣ʳ׿ɷһƣ
û⣬ҲҪʦġ
Өҡҡͷδͷȡ£ݵС̶С
÷״ҡڣ䲻Ǿϸ䱦ҲԿ֮˵ġ
С̶˵࣬ͻȻûΪʲô뺲ѧܻȡ鶦Э᳤ŮĻģ
Өһ㶣Ϊĺð
ҲΪṴˣ¼
ô򵥣С̶ҡҡͷȻ鶦Э᳤ϵŮ߶Ȼȱſղ뺲ѧȻÿҲûÿǵĵز
ÿˣǡ
ԺٿĳһϮ£轣ӰС̶һ˲
ٻʱ΢죬õһ
֮ҲĵλһǸ׵йء
ҽܶ˶һۣΪãȻûʲôرģͨĿ㡣
ʦ֪鶦ЭĺյĲûһҲʮҵͨתʺܵͣЩʦۡ
ɵѽС̶Ц鶦ЭԽղŮݾԽ߹󣬻̫棬һòСĸ׻ļ𣿡
ǡСòвܡ
ǳͣԶ˵Ĳܡ
С̶ŽΣͷ¹⽫ɫ÷Եһ㱡ƵĹΡ
ܵģǸ׵ʳס
ܶ˻ǲ̫ţһҡͷ
ɻС̶磬ֻĿ񣬽ʶ̽Ρ
һƬŽɫˣ˳̼佫û

һ֮С̶۾س˿
ʱĿж˼ء
֣صؽӨպãСı档
ȻϣǶСǵĸˡ
һ˷ѾѪĲף򵥡
ڽʱС̶·𿴵һӷ˼дֻдϰֵϸϣüСƷһ̽ŵ򣬶ĺ˳Ŷǹ䣬ȴ˲òá
ƽӹ
ݲϣÿһֶѪ
һƴµǻ⡣
С̶ָŽΣ׿Ƽףʵؽ
һأ˿ʽκԵĵƬڣתΪһɣתȴܵͣ˵ͨһŲס
ڶؿɾͲˡȡ֮㣬ͬһ˿ศɣϣʱ˿ʮͣ紩ߣ֮£߻ʼαǡ
飬һ˺ǵĸ״һַֻ˵һ˿ļɡʹַ֮࣬Ҳڵˡ
˶٣С̶ҽܶ𾪵ĿУһһٵڶزף뺲ѧܹһɳ̨ס
ǵĸҰĲСû´Ļ˴γ鶦ᣬҪĿ²һʸ񡣡
ҪǣӢŶԾʸɣ
õĳĬ
ɫ£Өٿ̧ס죬۵ӨӨˮӡ
Ҳ𾪵غȦ
Ȼ𺳵һʱ˵ˣĿİͰ͵أҵҵģ
С̶Цݣصͷ
ܶŤͷӣ۵ˮҲͲס
Өס죬ֻ͵ĳҭ
Ŀͺˣһ߿ޣһ߹򵹣˫߬ȭݺڵϣҾ֪ͨˣһӵĳĶҲͨף
㣬ⶫϡ䣬磡
ԽԽС̶æǰĴļ򣺡侲㣬嶯
ǿ϶Ҫʰġַǿѡһ֣
ҽܶæᣬС̶
ǶС̶ǳ۷ˣĿô·ڿһ
С̶һҲҪȥμ鶦ģҼˣӦҲȥǻҡżһۣһЩʷ⡣
ģҿ԰˳ʰˡҿϵĲײսȫ¶֪ϵ֣֪Ĳ׺Ͷص˿ַ
ҵı£Ӧеİɡ
ⷨΣ
ҽԥضһۡ
࿴ȥΪĶӨգգۣѯӨʮĬƬ̣ڣʦڶأ
ڶֵȻԼˡ
ɫ£С̶ŮĿ䣺鶦ῪʼǰʱҿԽݲףѧἸ֣Ҫԡ
Ȼ֪ѡʼ磬Ѿһû˰ɣ֮ǰ͵ӵĿΣڶҪӱ
ҼʹҲ޷֤ӮⳡԡϾǵ˵ѧǸš
սţôף
罥Ө΢ݽҧס촽
ĵãٿʱɫȴȻޱȼ㡣
лʦѡڶ֡
ĺȻһͣ㣡
Ө֡
Ц࣬Ŀȴġ
Ĳףû
֮ǰͷµĴҲֲ
鶯ʱһķİĳΪ룬ֻԼ˵ģЩٶ޴ɱֿЦ
ӨĨᣬǿ̧ͷ
ϣֻԼѧϵĶţҲֻԼ˫ֻȡʤɿ
ܵܣǲκˡ

194
ɽǣ鶦Эᡣ
ҹɫſڵĻȴ貣ӦԪվڸʵĸ¥֮ϣˣеӳŻƹâָô
ɳɳĽŲʱŮεȾϲɫüЦػعͷѧ磿
ң뺲ѧ¥̽ϰдŮҸ㰾һɽҩ
뺲ѧ䣬ҹΪ³һյӦԪϲʤؿ첽߹ȥӺнӹյɽҩֽƢθѧá
յڴߣƬ̣һڡ
ʶüеˣ桭
δ䣬ӦԪٿطӦæѺصĻȥĿڵůůģӹԲ𣬺ܺúء
ҹ絴뺲ѧİûӰУӦԪٿ֮Ůȹӫ˸˸ĲʵƱ㽫ıӳյһˡ
΢Ц޿ޣֻݸҡҡͷû£㵫˵޷ع˼ҵ顣
ң׳ԹζȣԲƷ۾пϡ˵䣬ҵĳղԲԣ
ҿɾ˵ඣ
ӦԪƤͷСˣ̫ãζе㵭ٶһǡǣñǣǵζᡣòҪͨףҪɽס
Խ˵Խ죬Ӱߴﹾ˵ֱͣ뺲ѧһɽҩ˸ס˿ڡ
һߣ뺲ѧϵЦЩҲס
˵ģɲ
ӦԪǵĸ첲֪ģҵôҲЭ᳤ҴСƷĲ̫ˣһ̲סѧ磬Ȼһ㣬̺İǶһ޶ģҺϲ
˵ţΪ֤ԼϲӦԪڴʣûþһ
뺲ѧɫźһЩǸЩһĶ
ѧʱ仹̫ˣŲ꣬ĺûںޣ־ѧǲҲı硢˾һΪɽ
⻰һ㣬ӦԪͣǰǰѧѧ˲꣬ѾԶԶˡİɣԺѧĴǣҺ͵ĵ㲦Ϊ׾٣
ԶĲ˵ʹ˴鶦ᣬֻҪǷʳãʮɣֻҪˡ߳ɻҵΪߵ֤ίӷ֣ʱ򲻳һ
У뺲ѧɫЩ֡
΢ͷԳִЩСأǡֻأ
ɰӦԪһ£ü΢壬ǹ
üڸ¥ⲽָԵعסȹϷľʯָ⡣
뺲ѧסҲҴ
֮ӦԪˣɣҲǿɣõίǴкɽίǼˣǶ֣ʲô¡
ѧ磬ƵĲףַôԼֻɰ
뺲ѧͷһĵ׵һ򼷳һ˿Ц˵־ᣬ֮ǰµӰ죬һֱûӳӦеˮ׼
¶֮ɫӦԪһ·Сܵ߷סףסľ˾Լ׵ˣ˭ѹѧ롣
㰡̫ӵһ˫ŮǲΪˣ
뺲ѧһͣ޹ء
˵޹أȴ֮ɫĿҡͷһģ
ӦԪˣһŭӿͷ˵޹أҿǾǹģ֪㼴μ鶦ᣬ͹⵽Эſ񣡡
У˲ġѧ磬ҰǸϳɽǣ۲Ĳ
뺲ѧһ߬סӦԪ֡
޳Ĺ̡
ӦԪһ£ֻ˳ӿգٶ뺲ѧںڵʱεӶʱһĨ졣
ǲǻˣ뺲ѧɫʹǡֻһʱߴ·ЭᣬҲǴҪװɣ˵Ҳ鶦ᣬûõóֵĲʽ뵽ҡ
ʵҰҲһݣǻȥϸңҵȥȰɣǲҪ׷ˣҲǡĶ顭
ӦԪ˿ɤθߣʲô㻹һݣ
뺲ѧͷ
ôôܹŮؿڲ֣̫ˣǺµЭſҪף
УһҪǸϳȥ˲
뺲ѧ죬˵ЩʲôȴӦԪػִϡ
ŮĿĵظ
ѧ磬Ҫ˵ˣһнҡ
¥ݣ۳ǳЭ᳤ԷȥΪ˰ɰҽܸϳǣһҲȲ
뺲ѧվڸ¥ŮԶȥıӰ֮齥ɢ
걳¹⣬Ӱǻ
ú塣
ૣ޲⣺ʲôƨЭ᳤ŮСǻƭ

һҹܿȥ
ڶ磬߲Ө˴
ںһһˮһںԺһףС̶ʱѾںڵ緹
һ࣬Сˣÿһݵ
ĩǺ˿࣬Ҳ׺ż۰׵ϺʣȻС̶Ϻ㵯ɿڣҲʮζ
С̶࣬һ˿еʱȻ
ӨĻܲȷǳӣҲģŮĿǰչ¶ľĺС̶ܹ鶦֮ǰһԼӦе״̬
ܴϻۣһ͸
ǿö࣬Ҫݵˡ
С̶ڲ֮⣬ٽ־УһС͵͹ݲ⡣
ѧù죬ٽ̽Ҳǲܡ
δߵһͿˡ
һںȹС̶ָӨɱ㡢㣬Ƭ֪Ө˿еѧ˿գƫƫӵʼ뿴ӡ
ӨûκαԹһֱѧú档
С̶ʲôѧʲô̶̿ȾǱضǿЩ
ѧϰʱʱǹúܿ죬Өо첲Щʱһ̧ͷ̫ѾͷƸ
ˣϢһɣС̶Ц򲻴Ȼ˵Ҫֲ֮ǰµĹ򣬵ҲҪݽϲа
ԵʲôҴ֣պЩҲʡ
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С̶֣ĿڲԶͷĹϡ
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ӦԪüͷԼ˱һȫܣŭ
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С̶˶٣΢΢ҺôҲô꣬ǵʱ䣬͹һٲˣҲο壬Σ

196
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ȻһɭǾѾʶС̶ֶΣ˿̽ܶͻȻ֣ǶڻԶԶС̶ޣ
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Ǹò׺͵ˣץԵһĽӣ߻ճ֬ȻʱЦ͸ĳ硣
̫磬С̶ӡʮģֻӡԺУ֮ȥ
ҽĦŻ߽ǣ̾ʲôûȻܽġʦҲ̫ˡ
ճ뻯ΪҲĪ⣬ȻһĻӨֻԽԽ͸С̶ˡ
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üͷ壬ڤ˼룺ƺڡЭ᣿

鶦ٽݵ˷ѵ״̬Ϊڴ϶úΣĳʦҲݵط԰ģͶ뵽ǿȵϰȥ
Զǧ֮ĺɼУһҸûʵĴԺ䣬ͻȻһ
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䣬˲ֻʶܡ
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ΪʲôԼͳը
˴Ĵܣһ;˳˳ˮʲôһᣬһñͨ
ƫƫ˿̣һССĳһݲ㸴ӵĲףסϼ˾֪š
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С̶ˡĵȣɢݸʱȻҲ鶦ѵĻᡣ
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˶𣺡ôô
ǳɴˣѧõĽʦһˣò͵ͬô

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һȺڴһСլΧǽ⣬ŴǽƮʳϢʱ̾ʱü
Ũ۵óŨʳģ϶Ǽ׿ĴǴǼ񵽱ˣ
һȴҡͷԣҾòԡŨΪʲô˵ζȴôô
ôһѾ
أԣУתȸ߾У鶦б׼ЩôǰĦȭƣ˳ҿҪһڳ϶ϵѰζ
δ䣬Ժš֨ѽһǡñƿ
毺õЦӯӯжһ˶̣ˣʳ¯ĺ⣬Ҫ𣿡
˵ʱ׷׻ǰңңҳһڡ
ЦŽ̷һԣִڶ˳ӣ𼱱𼱣˺ܶ࣬зݡ
״һӣڣζҲһͬ
ֵʳĴǰ⻬羵Ĺǣ£¼ڿˮ
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̶˸߶˴ʢָǺεȵζ
żܵ飬ò֣ޱϵ̬ƿǡ
һֵζɲǼڿС
˳˳ӣ˴˸硣
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⣿
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˵ţץףһȥ
ԽɫԽѿԽԽŹ֡
ζ̫ˣ˵̲̣˵Ҳ𣬻һĪƵζôһζҲ
ƫƫʳŨ˼١
ܸоʣȫѪڡ
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լԺſڣЦӯӯԼʳﱻǳ£ʮֻСصڣʰоֵĳĵˣǵĲƷܻӭˣ˵ǵ߸ԵĴء
ϲûȣЩˤڵϡ
εػͷЦ˵Цˡˮƽ˵С̶ȣݺԣǳԻǲԣ
Դ֪ȲС̶Ҳûôɣ
ҿЩ˶Եúܸɾһ㶼ûʣ
ҡҡͷ̾һ᲻÷֮ʳģԣ͵͵ע벻ԲЧ
ʲôע˵ûС
һģĿЦãζҶˣ˵ûУ
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룬ͷ׾£ʳĶࡣ
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⻰Ҳεصͷ
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ǴʱոܿݸضϲõգȺˮ㳯ۣŵƽʣϲ
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ֻ̨Բ࣬Ҳٲͷԡ
ʱʱ̧ͷ̨ķһۣĿмǼۣвʡ
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ǾǣԱһͣĺôӦնŮëͷСǴĶðģôᣬֱӾ̨Ҳ²˳
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˶٣ָڶգ²˵٣Ҳô˫۾ţ˭٣˭٣
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ۣ㵵صɴס̨
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ѩϼ˪ǣûãǾŵһŨζ
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ૣ㣬볢
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һƵĴڣݵİǶԳΪͳ羴ĿУ߸ϣȴҲǱǧ˿Ƶϵ
룬һҪ㼷ȥȻƷᣬϾ˶٣ɿ˶Ϻ棬סʿˮ

˭ѹɤû˵ﰡ
Ӧ˵ɽЭ᳤Ķӣ࣬һֱӲ͵鶦һء
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˼һ᳤ĶӣôΪôܷϣٿǷɽǣֻиҪƼɾĴѾͷ˱ˡ
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ǷǣͻȻԱø첲һ£յ˻ˣҿСҲ棡
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ϼ֮һʱԶС̶ĶĿ⡣
һ˿˿һƵĽɫϸУʱ뺣¶ΣȻζһԵϺŨĲõȤҲڶ࿼ǰһʳ
ⷨӵʡ
ΧȺУз۾ૣ桢Ḷ́һԣȴܽ۵ص㷢ӵ¡СӹȻе㱾¡
ԱߵȴҡͷУаϸζ³ˣ˵ȱϺˣһϺϲˣǳζôԵ档
ʹͨʳĲ˵ײġұϣɣٱ̫ңڿ
˵̫ۣǰҪһʱ벻ɣƬ̺̲סŭܲεõģ
ɽˣѵͲӰ죿
ôҿ˥ģ
Ҳ˻µǲ֪Ķðģų̈㵹˵˵ĵֵҿã
һ˼ɤӣ֪˼û׼ʳأ
˷һЦϽ˰ɣ⻰Ҳ˵óڡ
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㡭
̨»ҩζŨأ̨ϺҲС̶Ƶġѻⷬ˲۾̲סüͷ壬ǻмһߡ
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ȴ峺ƺˮҷϺʡϺҲ׾¶飬ɫֻǿűθڴ󶯡
ȻѾɣʢˡ

203
ͣ΢졣
΢ķ粻Ĵϣë״ϸ΢Ĵ̼УһζʮϺ棬˳ʺζһӵθǿܡ
ĿǱָо
ǰϺŨŴﾺĲ
ҨһϺʣ۵Ϻʱеԣڴݼ׽ʱζ֭ԵĳڿСһͷβֻһ࣬ҧ¡־ĿС
óԣóԣϺľ͸ˡһ޵ͨϺʰɣҷ·Ե˴︴աӿĸоζΪѵá
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Ϻһÿӽ˽ֻϺǲġ
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һ·ܵʱ¶һƬɫϺƮ·ʺ죬ƫɫůɫҨУĿڸڿǻӣλ̲ס̾
ЩϺɫܴһ˵δϺѲŻֺɫѾɫɫϺѿڸԶڣҿȥҲӰ˵С
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ﱸ꣬ܵõ˸ߵۣͷӦ˰ɣ
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ʱǵĵҲˣԱ̴ǰӿǰһ̡߲
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ɲǼӿˮһԲȥλл㱿˴ˮŷҰѼë˳죬зȸС
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ҴлһЩʳģ˽ݰ˱ѼƺҲҪμ鶦ģӦϲɡ
ȻȻ£
ϲĿ٣Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ʵܵݵƣÿһλ˵ܳԵԣʳģҲһĻ
ٽ˱Ѽ˸⣬ڲ裬п֪ȥˣôģλ˶ȻշǷ
ǰǰϱǼˡ
ۣʲôɫ쳣Ź֡
ʲôû˵ֻ忼һ񣬻λ̨
֮½мϲˡ
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Χ˿ҲЩʧô£궫̫а
˵ʲôأǲǻ𣿡
ǶμӶٽˣһ˴ʮʮ꣬ļӳɣľԴҲˡ㿴Ƕˣǲûܴģ
⡭
۷׷׼䣬̨С̶ǣʼʢ̡
һֱעļ˵ʱӾø첲Աˣ쿴쿴ɽҪϲˡ

204
С̶ĲƷҲ档
ֻȴŨʢʱ΢ɫ֭ڹҡΣԼ¶·ǵ
᾵Ĺǣ渲һ㱡⸲ϣ͹⣬Ũ֭
̨˶ʱ༫õŹȥĿ⣬ŷƮŨ㣬סʿˮ㣬̫ˣʲôʱŵĹǣ
찡ʲô޵ǣֻζѾоҪˣ
ҲǺС̶Ѳ̶˹һƣŨ档
м˸ղлǣС̶Ϲᣬտ²˿̼棬Ƕᵽ˵㣬Ƭ̣ԼдĹ
ǳθģΪ
ղųϺ棬˰˱Ѽֳѡֵζȣθñͣ˿ֻŵǰζǾƵرüꤣ
ȶԲƷġɫ䡭
һٿЦӣˣҵȲˣǵɣȳһڡ
ﻹ˵ϵץꡣ١աءɡ
Ửַ˿ϸڸУڻĵʮ㣬ÿһھ׽Ũ
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ٴţϸðֻͨ˻ԣҪԣܹۣСۣ
С̶ЦŵͷǵģıһıپַĵԲŶ
ԭˡλٷ׷еͷ
ֻ֮УΪѾȫֲ׺͵ˣڵŨѾȫռǵĿͳθֻʣһͷǳ
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ϺĴֱǳѧˮƽ
̻ʵģΧУһʱ̨ѻȸ˶ٵı־ˡ
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룬ÿٶʧָ̬Ƕô˵ζ
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ʿˮ˷˷
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㣬ҳŨ㣬塭ţΣ
С̶ҡҡͷֵͷ
׼ȷؽǽɷĩţΣСۺۻϣȫ
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Щ
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С̶ʢʱÿﶼ˹ͷ
˿Եþ⣬½Ǳ¶ɣʱȵģڵİӹѨð͸Ө󷺹⣬·ԼĳѨ
͹𣿡
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ػԼĳѨػľ衪ԼǳѨƷޢҶڶ϶ɽıأǡɽỬջɽ½ɫꡣ
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ٴţͻȻ֮۽Ǳʪˡ
ͬԵøɸɾͷϵͽҲеһ˿ʣŷ룬̧ͷʱ۵˿ǰСӣ硣
޷ˣվ˵ѾԽҡ
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С̶Щȣǵ˵ͷ
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һ߼˳һﰵǲˣȻô
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ԨϢѹȸС
ڼĽǰռҲҪΪ֮˺ѡ
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ô˵ⳡȶͷˡ
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ƣЩɣô򵥣ҪȺü𣿡
ˣ
ٿɥĵ״ٶˣĻʲôü֣

ˣϷϷ޷ۡ
ˮУ鶦ݱչֻǱַǷ˿ȴһƬš
̨ĿһӼӯҧгݣӼŨЧǿʹõ亱ģһڱоΥĻĸоŻһǳԲȥˣ
קקԱ߿ٵ䡣
ԱߵĿ۵Ҳˮ𣬱£ôģһһڡŻҲˣ
λѵؾ׽ţɫȿ޻ѿ˳ԣΪʲôƫƫѳԡأϷûˡ
ֲˣҲܳΪͷϷԻЭǣӴҲ̤һ
Ϸ仰Ͱ
ˣ䰡

205
Ϸͬ˵
ĸ̨һƬһڿٱһӼ˥ߣƫƫ֮һˣӼãΪܡ
ӼֲǣôҲͷʶ̣
ͷڵ߳Եòֺ߳Իҡͷ̾滹һ˿׵ζֱֱζڼȿ΢Ӳļ⣬˻һƬϵ˿У˺ѿռʱ̦ϾϷⱲӴûԹĵĲȡ
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տٱŰһͽǵ֭ҲȵһɶĩδĨĨ죺ҲܣҾ˿ΪһϸòƴӲգʵǵɫζķ棬Ǵ׾ޣ
˳ԽʱĴ⣬Ը֮ΪԿɵĴͽڰɡ
׾ɫζ㵽ѿѳ԰ɣ
࿼Ѿ޷Ҫӵĳ嶯мƽסأָľ޲һͰˡ
ֻһͷֺڰΪĴˡ
ʮԺ񲻾ͳ˺ڰķԴأ
ԭǴ˵еųꡭ
˾ϣ̨ҺֳһƬ̨ΧȺĿࡣ
ڣһٿЦվҿǲ֣ʦͨˣһϵܷĴȥ󣬾ͿʦԼı¡
ҲǸ취
Ƿ׷ףȥš
ûãŵСͿ첽Ц˵ԼںֻǰǵĻᡣֻǰܹ̤ǣϿǵҪһͷ
㿴ңҿ㣬ε˼㡣
ҧгݵİ壺Ǿȥ

鶦ĳʱ죬Ļ
С̶˶һѹ̬鶦󣬻вٿڳУÿնСԺſڣ۰Ͱ͵ҪС̶һա
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ЩǷɽĵ̰
Ӧ᳤С̶ʱһЦǰᣬڷɽǾٰһᣬ֪ǰɷ񡭡
С̶˼ذ֣ңҪȥˣҿûա
Ӧ᳤ϹЦݿ䣺ǵǰǹԼҲ١
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ǣҵˣҪоƽµˣĻ˵ʲô᣿
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С̶ȴں˭ûһأһβӦαǡ
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⻹ǽϵıڻͻȻ΢⣬һޱŨҵƣжʱϮɽѹ˵ļϡ
·ǲ̤ƽ̨̹ף̤᫵ɽ·ϣǰһƵĶ;ڣҲصĿҡҡλΣ£Ҫɰʯɽȥ
Ũ֣߰ͬԨֿ޿ڣЦŵȴߡ
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вٸӵܣʱҲǽʳԹȿͷ
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