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ϱƻɤӣɨһ޲ðͷﵱ£Щơ
תͷüĿЦĿˣʲô
ȣЦˮڡɽº͵ɽλڳ˷磬ɳʮλ𵤼ԪӤʿعĴʹĵҲΧˣ֮άȡ
ƻĪ룺ôЦ
֮ˣôЦó
ոձôһЦٿЦĻš
߻һͣӲѹ¼֣¶ƻȵֲʲô£Ʋʲô˻
ƻʣô˵
ֿһֻۣչǰҲ붯ǽ͵֮һ·ޱȣֻʮϢ񾳵ǿߣһʿ
±»ɣƻ˵˾䡮֪ʻڹĵô죿
ԣһ㶣漴չüЦٿƻһ˿οõģҸ˶˴Σգ˾ܻ
뵹ǲƻ֪ЩЩһƻӲʡ
һڳνһжӯ
ȱ⣬ԼȵĵľȻǵİΣ
ۼŵʮֻʮֻôŰӵƻԣߴеĻ
ֹ֪Ц滢΢Цο仹ڹأϵһѶϣֻҪǷų仹ŵϢˮھͲ
ƻ۾һû᣺ǲɴཫͻˮڣʡ鷳
ͻȥ
֮£˫΢Ŀƻ
Ŀԣƻǳ鶯񣬻ڿǸĺ
Ϸ
ԭ֮У䲻òĻΪĿĺ˵Ϊ˻죬֮л̬Ⱦֲܿʱ飬ദ֮䣬Բɽ䱸
˵й⻷ӳɣǧٱˡ
й⻷ɱϵƻûУֻԾȡ
ƻȥµϷıԵŬޱ飬ͼˣ˵ͷ˷񾳣Ҵ򲻹ͻȥȱܴ˵
ɫѵһģǽͻȥˮû˹˼ɣܿܳô˻ơ
ƻ
ƻ˼ǣڲܰߣ
ҡͷҪȵս飬ģʹ֣ǷսҲάʮ꣬ʮ֮Ȼ飬ʱǹδͻƷٽ仹ȥǡ
ֲһ䣺ͻȥҲˣˮھУԲӦ䡣
һڵӶ˿ҲһЦ㣡һΪ£˰һؾܳȥˣ
ƻ
ʮôֵһ᣿
һŻ˶ʮꡣ
һ˵Ҫʹദʮ꣬ƻ˶ˡ
ôĪϣƻȷʵġ
һ££Ӵģǰɿ쿴ƻһۣĳȵȥˡ
˵ˣԺһΣգû¯ãʱ˭ΪԽߣļʾԽ
úúʱһ
򶼻ⷬ㣬ӸĲ˾ΪŵӣҪôҲŵ֡
ʱƻ֪Լа׳֮Դ
ӻجج̨ЦЦٶȲĻ档

Ͳߣֲɱ
ˣƻȻһҧ
䶢ϵĲԭֻԭ˫ط
Ȼˣˣ
еģʶûҵ֪طݺܼ򵥣ʺԭ˫޹гС
ʱѾˣտžֻʣ䣬ԭһ
ƻڵûӨձѬͨ죬׳ʿһȥ
Ϊ䣬Ҫˡ
˵ѱʮ˶˴Ҫѡһȥ˫ޣ


5 ٻ
һ̣ƻ׵߳ģ״ԭĽɫ
ԼĲңȴûӦϰΪһ㣬յߵ߾ȥˡ
Ц˵˳ȣüλ˶ȥ˹أ˿ܲ롣
ƻޱ˵ûϵм
ֲ桰ѡֻԭһгСģʵģ˫ޡʱٱϮ
ԽΣյ磬ΣյݣƻıСĵĲСġ
ͻȻ˵Ҫ˫ޣ使绨һףʱȥ¶һʧǵı顣

ƻ;Ϸ
綼֪ԭģԼ϶Ҳ֪ݸˡ
ƻľ룬ǸһйġħĲ衣
һյʱ䣬ʮ˶ǲ½
һţҹżźӰ
һ£üĿǷǶһ˫ϸķۣԶ·ܸܵīɷ֮
źȿ˵ϵƻһۣȻе䣬۵׼ڽһһߡ
󳤱һӣƾճһľΣҲûƻ±Ŀˡ
ƻĬĬ۲죬ĬĬС䡣
ת룬򶨣˵ܲţ˵С鷳֢Ǽ˵⡣
ɫ΢䣺ʶܴˣ
ƻ˳Ӧǡ
֮䣬¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ѹֽչ䣬ͻȻҪټʮ˶Ҹ˰æ޸ܴʶ
ʶܴɲʲôС£ȬˣҲһָ˿Ц⣺ī񶴵лӣӡô
ƻû
Сֻû˵ºһ졣
ꡪ
лڱĿľεķȴ˸顣
ƻлһۣͫ׾
г衭ף
ѧܸ֮олԪӤڣֻԸΣգΪҲΣա
ųһ˫ޡ
л֮һڵˣñէһȥһҹɫ֦ͷʥ滨ϢƢ
ʣʶܵλ滨Ҷ֮ҶˣҶǰǰִʣ㾭ȥ̸֮£ɻӡ𣿡
Ҷ֮Ų΢٣ǳ˫Ͷɻ񣺡ΪΣ
ΣʱʶܴӰ쵽˼䣬Ҷ˲Ҫ֡
Ҷ֮һؿƻң
ƻɰͰ͵ЦЦһʲôֽӲޱ飺΢еӡ󡣡

Ҷ֮һʱĬлȴͻȻЦһɫ𷽲ź˲١
ϴԹȻԼϴɾˣ
Ҷ֮򱡴ûлӵ䳰ȷתĨԺӵɫüһԲرŰΣлԣ˴Ҳࡣ
֮󣬽ֵ˼λг裬ȥǶʢòȴָǧһʱ䣬칬ĺ԰ƮƮٻţȻƻǰ׼˿ԿۻңĿϾӡ
ǻʵ۵ĺҲһǷ绪Ĵˣԭڻҷɣεº֮
г赽̶࣬Ϊƻܣ¶Ľһ˵ķӦȴͬ
˹УԹȴġ
ܵһаλƻǵķӦһһ£Щѡ˫ޡĿĲο
󣬰˺Ĭطԡ
лڵΪħ桢ѩûõľջԼǳ֮еӡ
Ҷ֮ڵҲǰִʡӡ̫ӣԼһûҰˡ
аϢμεᡣ
һɨڳˣΣ񻹲һ
δ䣬һ쳹
ˡ
Ϊ̫½ʱССһ¡
ͷϸ༸ɫŹֲѡ
ôҲǽ𵤾Ϊ⺹ǺŪɵأ
漴һµĽ׻Ƶĳƻߵ˹ȥ
ô˵߾ѽҸһֶó

ʶ䣬⻰ʲô˼ס޻ô
ɻʱòƽ׾Ҫƻߣ˵Ķü¶һϷ̬
֪˭˵˾䣺ֿԡ
Ҫ֪ദһƽնƻ֮Զ³ǱһƻɣѪ顣
Ȼһ룬Ϣһ͡
ֻȻߵƻǰ벻׵λãһֻƻڡ
֮£лٿۡ
Ҷ֮һɫ촽һߡ
ǳѩļҢȰ಻סȻλվһţﵽЩ
ƻŵһ飬
ôǣ
ʲôҲûɰ
ǣۿɼؿƻɫһףҡҷɲسҢȥһĹӯ˿޴롣
ƻеʣôˣ
Ңǧ˿̶ֹߣӰΣһסǵó죺ûǣôˡ
ôȫ޷
űɫһ˱飬ȱǧٱ
ƻҲо˲ԣȻʲôҲûǶȻ̬ⷬȱ⡣
еԭȻݷݣӰˣƽȴһж׽
˼ˣϽ׵֣ȵأϽȥҸط£
һ䣬û뵽ɫ
ˣ
˶赽ǰˣƮƮһǳ⣿
׹Ȼӵ⣬ͷƳһۣͦͦ壬תͷ˵˾䡰֪˹ػص·ʱƵİһۡ
˰ɣڲϲˣֻر
Ϊ׻δƻʧ£ƽױۣҲգڽƿ֮ǰ䣬ЦЦ
˾뼫ЦݸԹǣ⧲ػ񣬷Ӧŭص䣺㾹ң
޹ôˣ
յͻȻЦʲô
˶٣漴ֹʼʩһЦ̾˿ɽ֮ӣϸµ֪㱻°ߣΪˣһҹ֮뷢԰ף㻹ţȻ̲סЦˡ
мңý׺ۿԭء
Ϊջһʱѵѹѡ
ǸҶˡ
޷
״Լ򵥣û仰е⣬ƻڵ༸ȴˡ

ƻɵӣʲôǸ
ƽ޹ʵģЦƨǲռ
ȡ
΢ڴʱĵһԲˡ
һʶܴ䶪ʧ˴룬ҲܵӰ죬Ҳûйưպָܻġ
˵ƻʧĽ˲ӱг룺ʲôʶôˣ
лӲ͵ƻʶܴ˵һˣ
ö˶˵ģôܴ
лӣ֪ҪȥԼǲоʲôа
Ң̲ס׷Ҷ֮Ϲģȷд£йʶܴʧģ
Ҷ֮ɫƬ֮󣬽Ӳͷ
йʶܵҴ̼֮󣬹ջúõģôᡭ
û˵꣬˺ͬʱʲôĿˢˢתڵ̫䡣
ҹ
ҢһȻɢҲ֮£һë׵Ķľð˳
ŭĿԲ䣺ҹﵽʲôôʶܴ
ʲôüʡ
Լ
ˮڣأʶ׷Ҳ֡
ҲӦ˹νָ䣺㾹͵Ϯʶ
鿪ʼĪķչȻŷɱַͦģϣȷʵʲôûƻҲΥĵ
ƻվһȻҸɰʶ֮Ӧȥ롰˫ޡѡ⡣
˸վЦһĳ𵤾͵ϮԪӤĳ
˵䣬üĿƣ̬ԣԪʧ֮ߣ̧Ŀƻ
֪ʲôɫ׽΢űͷһȻ֮ɫ
ҹֻǳɹ񰮰ˡ
ƻ
ɲʱ䣬һƬžš
漴һ졣
лεһҲľ
ʱøĲʶȤ૵ѵ˫޵Ĺ̫ң⻹ʵǡδţˣȻˣȽʶָ˵
˵գԵɫδãҲûע⵽ʯƻЦ˵սλҲΪ˴£ʶȽ鷳ԸɴѴҽһ
ȻԽƻʶܴԭĻǿ˶
Ҷ֮ȿڣüҪ޸ʶ޸֮˱ҪʶĲߡ
ͷҹԪӤΪһ硣
ײģ𵤺ҲУ
Уױɡҡҡȣͷ۵мˣлˣҶˣˣҪ鷳Ǽλˡ
лʱʲô˼һʶҪңǺ꾫ͱϹĸ㣡
λ˾ޣӲãԽԽãļܿԶָˡ
л죬˵ʲôһãȻƻֿ۴Ŀ̵䣬һŤ
֪ܣ
˸飬˦ˡ
лһߣž벻취༸Ҳɫظˡ
֮ǰƻֹն˶ţĵطɽȥ
ԭڳϵ£ֱȻϣҲûѯƻ
һһʧ䡱Բͷͷǵôźˣûƻ廰Ļᡣ
ƻԽԽԾ˽ˡ
޸ʲôʶ
ʶҲûⰡ
Ҫˡ˫ޡҸȫг衰˫ޡսεһƫƫǿģ



6 ޳
ùû˾Ͷ߹ˡ
ƻתͷ룬㵽˭
üĿʱڷԣƻˡ
ʶ֮Ƭ̶󲻵ã
лӴлˣͷˡ
ʯ󺣡
ֵҪ˽ղ㣬ҾϵҶ
лӣ֪ˣ
룺ãԺ͹ȥī񶴡
˵գЦеϴлӵķӦ֮УȽһг̣Żشƻʻ
룬γһ
ƻĿʣǲҪλ
룺
룺ԩ
ƻ㶼ûѱʲôʱ˵Ҫ޸ʶˣ
Ȼָ䣿
ƻ
⻰ûӡ
伸˵˵ȱʧĪԭжһ˵֮£ϴȥ˱ɣô˵ָ䡣
ʵҲʡ鷳
ƻӵؿ䣬ΪԲѣҲֻƹˤ
룺ȻʶҪԼô
뿴ĹǣЦǲżλˣģ⼸λġ
ƻҲţһء
һʱȻٿƻޱ̾ʧĹǲͬˣСĽΣ
ȻҲôֽƻֻͣðڳƶģûһ
ƻ
ܺãûҷ
Ϥ˹ҵ񣬵һͰΪŰ˳ִ˻һˡ
ڴʱһöɤͻȻ롣
ԣʧˣ
ƻתĿȥµüĿһգգ
ʣˣ
ǰҶ֮ʹֺĻȴԶûд˿ƻļ£էһƺ赭дΨеΣպͿ
һ֪ʧ䣬ضϧһֶδĿģϾΪսߣڵħѾͿβסˡ
״ҹ˵ץˣʱƼ仹
һɻƻ
ƻﰵ˾ȴƤЦⲻЦ˵ǵˣ˵𣿡
ʣǹɻǵ˵պ󶼻ͬ޶ӣٲˣ
ƻЦݣǵá
䣺˵Ҿѣ·ΨԸͬһ˫ˡ
ƻǵ˵
ģǧίѹͷͷԸٿƻһૣ֮£ѵһ˾𡭡
ƻ
㹻˰
ֱǳ
ƻΪԼѾ˳ˣڲŷԶ͹޳̶ܳȡ
ΪĿģ伫Ҫ
̬ⷬǽһԵݶˣ̲ס⡭㾹ⶼ˰
ƻһٺǳôҥҲȲһ¡
ȥЩϼӿܣˮӦϣϣֱӹǣ
һ㶣̧ͷҪң
ء
ƻĿ䣬۵ǲε;棺㵽Ͽ֮ϵĽ飬ٶȥ죡
£ƻһκν¶ҪɱֻܲȡֶּԾ󻼡
գ䱻밲ռݵķɶгһ޶
ƻȥˣ¶ɲҵ
ɢԭίѴš
˵𣿹ʧˣΪҹµһ˫̫ңײʶ
˻ײǹʶɣطʹã
֪Ҳ̫谮ˣԸ˵ҹºɽˣձȫˡ
˵òҲͱǹһ㣬һʧǵģԭǡ
¹Ĳص˾ˣôǨŭأΪˮڣô˿š
˵ôÿôô
ҲԣҾͱŰɣֲ⣬ǹ͸
ɹĺ񰮣ʧ䣬˵׻Ϊ̫㲻ʲô¡
ֻֽһʱǨŭȼָȻǳڹļϵˡ
Ĺһ¶Դղۼ֮󣬸ƶƻ˵ö
ʮ֮ãʲôģ᲻ء
˿̵ƻ֪Լɫġ
˵ҪʱԼǴԷκλ֡
ߺִ޸ʶһ¡
ƻĵܲ˫˵
ĪҪԡ
Σֻƻʧ±÷ⵥʱ˫ޣʶ˳ײô죿
ƻ
ܱôô΢
һ·ƻ͵ī񶴣ٴǧ˫ˣһ̣ʶָ˵
ƻ˵˵һУҾô
һӵĿʲôҲû˵ȴʤǧ
ƻۣ֪ˣұ֤˫ޣ˭޸ʶ
л˲̽ʶĲٿ͸֪ƾȻҳʶкδ˴ˡ
лӡ
ƻиֳźƵһ׵г衣
ҧҧ촽ЩԸܻôҡ
ǶҲ⣿
һ˵Ȼƻġ
ƻ˸Ǵۣ¾仰ݿȥ
лˣʶˣΣ⼸ǧĪҪ˫ޣ
ƻ
лӣ
£һͷ紵֣ɢּϢΡ
֪ǲǱǾ仰סˣлӰûٳ
ƻһվı֣紵ɢ߳ܵȣɤӣεóңҲˡ
һһĳš
ƻ𽥺ľתʱǰľźȻ˱仯
ͬˮ㵴ԳһƬ繵ͥԺ
һ͸Ȫ˫ľΣԼΧƵԺڽеĵ׺
ȥƻŷ֣л֮侹м֮ң
˿̣лϣһƵͲ鷳дϣ񻹼ǵʲôɱ˵յ¶ˡ
Ϸȫףƻ϶
лһ٣漴Цֻʶܴʶֱ©˰ɣ
ƻɷнµеġ
ܸоƬܿĴ󺣣ʶʱ򣬲Ϊԭӽˮˡ
ʵشлӷ÷ֻ꣬ƻʧҪԣһ˫Խ䣬ϡ
ͥԺһʱĬԡ
ƻĬĬֽ䡣
ǰȻֻг裬ΪҲû֪Ϊʲôеľսѹȸʮ㡣
˼ȥƻڿΪԷҲħѪ
ԲˣħµӰ
ʶûʲô⣬ʱҲ߸ƣװʲô֪⡣
Ƭ̣ƻ̲סƳţʶҪô޸
лû𻰣ߵǰ
ɫƮ˴һ⣬˫ֱ磬ƻǿԴƬֿ֮һĨаԵЦ
Ȼ˿
˿Դ뵽һ˿ĴϣʵϣлӽԼʶ̽ʶˡ
г裬ǹ˵Ѫȣ
֪ƻԭлǰʲôϵڼԭʧ䡱лӵ̬ȶûлͷֺ
żôг裬ΨлӶ̬Ϊ壬ˣûһ
һɻƻ̤ī񶴸
лһϻҲ˵ָŴ齵ȥԼǰ㳯ƻ
ƻһس㣬һֻȵȴһסĺ󲱾
лɷغȵ𶯣
ƻЩջ𣺡ʲô
ʲôȻ̽ʶ
лûظķϻĿƻĶͷ
һʶΪֱؼ룬ƻ͵һɫ˲תҰף˲ϸϸܵ亹
ʶǿ֣Ȼһ˺Ѱʹ۵ս̧־ȥлӡ
áۡ
лü
ô˵ƻҲԪӤаһ֮䲻֪Űɱˣ۶̲ˣ
鷳
ƻţ˿δһֻҲοǰ󾱡
Ƭʶ̽һǶḶ́ʶ䱾ܵų⣬ƻʹ࣬лͬǧ̰ĥ
ҧأźݺײȥĳ嶯⼷ʶ
ƻ۵þ㱣˵ʲô̶̼ӣȻ亹͸ʪմˮ̳
š
ʱһһĹȥڶ߽ȴɲ©Улһ˫һ϶
Ŀȵѵ۽ޣԼ֮䣬Ƴֵˮ⡣
ƻ˫ĿգɫҰףΨ΢̵ʢһĨۣղϻ䣬Ķͷϡ
ԭϵҲ֪Ϊץš
л΢Щȡ
ƻ֣
˿̵ƻýעȫڴըʹϡ
ȻԽʶԽι̣ʹҲԽңͺñһѭ
֪˶ãʶجج֮䣬ͻȻģоһɣ漴ֱʲôḧ
һůļʶɢʹ麮
Щ
ɵļ϶ƻȻһֻӺʲô˸۶
ȻлӴŴģȥˣ


7 Юͼ
ī񶴸
ƣ
ʯɵĴ齷ӯӯ΢⣬ƣ֮ϵƻȴ鶯ȫޣܰţԭץл·Ҳ£ڴߡ
Դʶ֣ˣݵĻžϡ
յлվ̲סι
ƻţ
лЩźΪˡ
ƻ۽Ǻݺһ飬ͫ㷺󣺡ǰҲͬ˵ģ
лӷʩϵĺˮ˲ɣȻȺƵģҹҹ׷㻽ˣ
ƻʣҲǱг裬Ͳ±ɱ㣿
г衭ͣ
лʲôЦƻ󾱵ͻȻʹһ˫絶ĶͷˣвңҲʱвɣ
䣬дһĶʹƻɫס
һֻ̣ƿڴ
ⲻ׵Ļƨûһ
лʶâɱɱһ͵˱գ
ƻ˺ðβŻʶ󣬴˿̾ԻһĹȥ
⹷Ƣԭĸ˲ſϵģ
ƻΪֲǵ˭һ𣿡
лƻʧ£˵ֱ˿̣ʵС
˽һָľ롣
һڰ˽ĿƻǼ仹ᵽĳ㣬϶еζˡ
紫ƻΨδŹƻһʧ
л˻ʲôǵã
ƻˣΪһ֮ҲҪӵġ
ܴкܶ࣬òΣյһ
۾лҲû׷ʡ
Ĭʹʱü죬ɫת۱ٽ
ʶһ죬ԪӤҲʼЩԲ
ƻҪã
Դȷƻ˸ɾлӱЩĲɣ ʶ˭֪⣬һңҵ˺˵Ҳǣ͵һļι˰ɣ
ԣƻ˫
һһģһȴǲ취ΪʲôʶˣʱɽҲϵ˶
лӺȻۣܿģ
ƻ￩һ£û˵лֺʣ㲻޸ʶ
ƻɰͰ͵ôܣ
л˫˵˿ںʱΪʲôã
ƻ˵ûС
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˵ˣΪлѱŹĥȻʲô˼ȹлһħ˾ɱΨйԸ⡰ġֻҪͷлǲߵġ
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ԪӤѹȻǸ̬ͬȰƻһһ㶵ġ
ˣ֮⣬ͬʱ
Ƿó룡

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͵͵ڷɶǶöԧ쾵͸⾵ӣʱƼˡ
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ɶīһСֻ࣬־ǽŨķɻҲ֪ǲǹ˼ɫ˽±װ൱ݻ
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ƻһΪ˵ԼʶѾӿסȻһ룬ȴһϤЦ
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䲢ûǫ飬ЦЦؿǰΪ£ǹ
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䵭ջߣ˽֮£̽ùǰһ֪޲ԡ
ĬĬʣ˿ȣ
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ʣùң
ɨ䣬ϣޱصص˵ͷ
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뻹ǲģǹҪͬ˫ޡ
ü΢壬ڳ˼Ƭ֮󣬸ɫҲԲޡ
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8 ѩ
һߣɢɢݻ˳УָǷޱϲı飬ƻһͭ
ˣֻҪȥ䣬ʱ㷭ʲô˻
ҪģʵʵԽǿӵĿԱԽСԴܲǰ취
Ƕǹ⻷ɣ˵׼Ҳʲôɹ⻷
֮ԭʽʼת˷գʱ򣬶ϷɱǩĽɫ˵Ψʵǻĵơ
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ԾһʶЩƻûмɣһЩƣۡ
Ȼһ͡
ǰʮ׵ľ룬һֻ֪ѩ׺ĳŲƨɡ
Ծƻһ״Ϊ㣬Ѿ˵ӡʶ죬ڿλöʶΧ
˵ٻеǷ
ڱֵıԵĦ˺Բȴǿ
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ѵԼ¿ˮһֻ˷ëףƻ˽񾭣̾ˣڱôĴһҶˡ
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ȰգӳֳҢưҵı壬ԼԼģܿȥƻ
ͬλģȻˣǽձ˵һ飬ʶָ֮ǰǻ˴˽ͼ빬˫ޣĳ顣
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̧ͷԶֻչӲдĺϧ̾˿۵ȴ޲תϷ
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ⳤҪиȤ


9 Ƶ
ʱ˿̣š
ԪӤ۷ѹĹѱ˫ȷ˸ֱӹڵأɸ
ݼžй˺Ȼ쳷ˣ
ȥɻÿȥɻҲܱ
󻤷أȻȥ
󻤷ˣ˭˱ķֽҩҸ߼򣡡
ˮɶɧ꺦˲ҿȥģԺ꾫һֻɱһֻ
ʱ˲廰ȻᡭӰй
ԭɢӵĹȻͣ˽ŲһȺBƵ̽ͷ
أ˻ǹ
ÿٺٺ١
ģˣҲҿ
ɣҶһûˣٲҶûͷˡ
һŭֱӶȻƻһϾ˲䰲궯Ĺˡ
ˣɣ
˾ˣβҲһܿˡ
а̳ôʵʵ޻
Ƕˣ޻ڣƻȴˡ
ΪͻȻ֣һôΪ߰
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ƻȴֻ֪оЩ죬кйıժһ궪˽ӿռ䣬룬˳ְ˿ź˽ȥ
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ŹעʵźǳһʹεĽ𣬴˴ŨҲ֪˶ã磬ƻڼ
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óԧ쾵ؿʼ͵
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ƻǽһĿ࣬°Ͷˡ
ԭҲгѪͷһ˵ɲɵģǸѪͷ
¹Щѻ𣬵֪뵽ʲôܿ侲Ҷʵͦõģǰϲ
ƻԭЦˣұôɥĲĴţһͦϲ
Ҳ֪ôͣȷʵƻǰȷʵǺϲҶˣû¾ͻȥ滨
ԥ˵Ҷ˳Ҳÿ¶һ棬Ȼܵ˰һģҲúÿûɱ
̫ˣƻۻҵģѾǲ˭˭ˣԲһˣ䳤ø
ƻһۣĵҹȻ֮һ˼ҳԣЦŽ͵ʮǰˣʱ仹δأòĻһЩ
ƻŶ
Ϊǲء
ԭ֮УǷһˣǱȲϣ֮Ҳû˱ȵϡ
ֱ綼ܼ
лҪ˵
ƻҥ߾ߡ


10 òȻ
˵ʵϣȴ͵͵ƳƻһۣΡ
Ҷ֮ץ󣬻׿ڳϷ±İֻο
֮ڣûļһ
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ƻڱˣлӲͬҶ֮˿ûеԳӵˡ
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̨ͤˮ鿣ﻨ㣬ʯɵԲԣԶҶָ֮һȲ衣
ƻ̲סȷϣ˵ǰִʣ±Ҳǳ֣
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Ϊ˽ԲȥƻҲǻȥˡ
յʹ̫£ڴϺƵǿΪʶ̼ҵʶлӱȥһء
Ҷ֮üлӣ
ƻŵɫףԣǸˣ㷣ȥ죡
Ҷ֮ȻʧЦһʱ䣬纮ɽüĿѩڣųӨ͸Ļ⡣
Ҳͬǰƣˡ
ƻĵ˰ɣЩſɸƣ˿Ҳû˼ˣ;񶼱һ乭
׼Ҷ֮ʱǱܵس㡣
ȡȵȣȻ
û˵꣬ҰͻȻһá
㣬Ҷ֮˳ƽƵ˴ϣƻ㶿ǰҶֿ֮˿ϵ֣һʱûӦ
Ҫʲô
Ҷ֮治ɫȻۣǱɡ
ƻʣҪţ
Ҷ֮ͷİʶ֮Ȼ⣬뻺ʹֻϤҵϢ̱ȽϺʱҪ׷ɣ±ȽϷ㡣
ƻƶǶҶ̹֮ȻĿԥءŶһ
ܲô۵ĻžŰɣһ졣
Ҷ֮ܿҲ£滨ͲҶӵ֮ѩһģ
ƻл£Ȼֱӽʶ̽ˡ
Ҷ֮ħ֮˵磬ƴۣɡ
ƻˣʵԲô۵ģ
Ҷ֮û𣬶ǻתҡ
ƻתһֻ΢ַǣ˿ͣ˶ࡣ
Ҷ֮ȫȻƻЩ졣
˴ı仯׷ˣлӷˣǼҢҲȴǴʱ֪
ĸ
䡣
Ҷ֮촽ԾһߣǼҢʲôˣ
ƻͻȻ͵ߣݣεת˻⣺ûʲô̽ʶɡ
˵Ҷ֮ɫһȴҲûʡ
ҥһ£û˵ʵΪ̽ƻ˶٣ò˸ɸɾ
ʮǰİͨţȴֻǸŰˣǳɽۣ֮Լɹȣǰ󼰵
֮䣬صĵطǳȣصȴƬȵǵʱζʮĳ
ˣǰзǧУЦű󣬼ʮ䣬ȡ䱦Ϊ˲֪С塣
ʮǰɽһϢһΪõޣһҹ֮䣬аɱ˸⣬ԪӤĻ֮ǰԱʶʹһζԻ쳹硣
˻ߣһһϢɽӲ֮볤ΪУΪηҪҵСأ
ЦǹЩηһëƤʣǧֻӣ׵̺
ֱϵһɱҪǲĻȥǴմա
Ц֮£˻ĵ֮ɣȫʬҲħ̺֮Ҳʰ
Ӿʶըˣ
һĴıԹβ
˲죬𳳵ǹ˯
Դһۣγһθˮ棬һҹ
׼֮
ƻδȣòͨͨգͼӰƻ鱨ȴ֪ͬһ֪
ʱҶ֮Ƴ±˱ɰû磬±ҲƣΪ˰ڹĵλȨҶ֮ʮ֮ڣҪ
ƻǱ㽫Ƴ
Դˣ±Ŷˡƻһ̶顣
˶ڴƻҶ֮д̫ഫţȴ봫һգִıʡ
Դˣ֮ûʲôƵˡ
ȴ滨Ҷ֮
ƻҶ֮ٳûжΪڱҶ֮Ūܷųٳٲҿʼ
ôҲǰ취
ƻһҧǰ˴գҶ֮ͷ
ŤŤظĿڵֻҪǹŪңֲ㣬ʼɡ
Ҷ֮һͣ䵭ȻϷɿ측һĨ죬ͣƻֳãվ§˻ 
еܣƻҶ֮˵ҪϰҵϢ
һɫƻŲʣȻأ
۾ҵʶ֮ϵ
ƻѧᣬ۾һͷųʶҶ֮򾲾
ܿ죬ƻסһ彥Źֵʶô˵ء
֪ôݣҶ֮ȴǱˮûл⣬ҲͬһԴԹú
ƻûϣȷʣǰ㱾Ƶų⡣
лӵʶ棬ʱ̷ʶҶ֮ʶȴñһˮûʹ಻˵һҹƣ
ƻЩ˯뵽ڱ˵Ķǿû˯
̱֮̽īʱҪ˳Ķֻ࣬ڽʶһ˲Щۣƻձ壬Ҷֱ֮ḧĺ󱳰룬˲仺˴ʹࡣ
Ҷ֮ʣܷо˴Ĵŷλ
ƻо
ܸоʲôֻܸо߳ܡ
óȴ춼Ҫʶñ˹۹⣬һ뵽ʱҶܸ֮оƻͺ޲ϡ
ڣղһѰϰļƪȥˣҶ֮̽鵽һƻҲȣ´ˡ
֮ǰҶ֮չȥ
ƻת𣿡
Ҷ֮˶٣ɫ˵лֻһգȥī񶴣ҲǿԵġ
ûҶ֮˵꣬ƻ㲦˹Ƶҡͷɣ
лӰ˿˳ۣα´˵׼ôߵҶ֪֮ûôۺƻپһյʹࡣ
ĻҶ֮üĿɢȥǹһĨǳǳĻȣʤѩס
ȻˣҶĳ㾲ˡ
ƻͷĿһ붼ûжֱˡ
ǲۣû¶ܼһӣ
æŴڣȥͨˣ·ϣƻǹȴȥһء
Ҷ֮ûлӣ㶼һѾʲôһˡ
ȥصʲô
ƻ硣
ôף˸˰ɡ


11 
λڳĹ֮ףˮҶ֮УɾɽļɣˣӴˮգ۱ᱻα
Ҷ·Ĺ˱ѱɪɪǹ˸ãԵϺԪӤұƻӦǲ룬·ǹȥš
˳Ҷǰ׺ƻҲ䣬˽ǧףǰڳһ뵵Ȼء
ƣܵıȻ˸׾⣬룬һӱԶɢӰͦΣէһȥǱϼҪӲ֡
ƻˡ
طʮȣһܲ
ѹֽ˾أǼһһףϸɱ˷
лӣƻ߶»ڳˮ֮⣬֫ѪҺ㱻һ롣
Ӱ˿Լ֮䣬ܿǽڷ˿ϵĺ˪
涳˰ɡ
ƻæƵ棬ˮелӹȻ˫Ŀգȫ޷Ӧ
׻ˣ󺰣ˣ
ܾĵģζ˻Ӧ
ټĳΨҶڲû˿أΪ۶ߵΪڴ˴ˣҲẮۿۣԿصĹ˶Ͽ֮ϣ롣
ˣ˴ΪϡȥڵҲᣬͳͳʧЧãڳǽ첻Ӧ˵ļء
Ȳˣƻֽӿռ߰ķһ飬ûһɵóͬʱԶлü亮˪ŨۿҪɱ
ƻһطĳˮڰ߾ش˻£ǺһҧͨˮС
ΪǵС£ͺһˡ
ˮԤиӱ̹ǡ
֫˲䱻͸ľƤһ¶ѡ
ˮ濰ûлӵļƻȴûسмڣȴûע⵽еѴ㵵ۡ
ƻҶʱлʵ͸֪Ϣ֮ԱĿǲƻ
ʼٸͻȻΪʲô
ΧǱٷһˣ֮⣬л벻ɡ
뵽ϵƻ֣󣬲֪ŪһʲôȻͻȻ
лӾ㵵ĹƻѾεǰơ
ллӣѣ˰
л۽Ǻݺݳ˳飬ǳƻ
أһٻԪӤʿҹҲʴҪһˡ
ôܻ
Ҳ֪Ϊˣˮ̫䣬ƻֱ۾ڲ
ƻƲڰ죬ʵһֱԭشתлӴĿһŷ˿ʪң÷׵
ЦǣǱþĶǡ
ҲƲƻܿûǰգ˵øأңΪԼĪһ
صҲŵ㣬֪Уֱ۶Ϊлϡ
ƻ̧ͷûȥʬ壬˫ش̼£ۿһ죬̿εصǸ
ԲҡҲǹģûɱ㣬ֻ˵˵û뵽
ƻŲסҪˮʱͷϺȻһ漴һ۽ǯ
лӵͳǿӲ̧ͷ

ƻһβۣһӦթʬˣ
ʲôܷʹлһѣžͨûӳף㱻лŸ첲ק˻
ʲô̧ͷ˭ľˣ
ƻ˵ʲô̧ͷ˫ջ͸żƵķۣʱˡ
ƻ૵û
лӳױЦˣˣҲᣡ
ƻû񶾵۵£֪ûһֻĵҡ
ȻɣӼϺĴһʱ䣬ǰЩ㱣ٶץлӵ½
ûĻȽϰ
лҲ״̬ԣһ˰·ͻȻʶһαƻ
·ʪ͸˵ʹϵлӵãϰƻϵ·㿪ʼɿɱ
Ӵ˵뿪Ҷ뻹Ҫǧ׵ľ롣
ΪˡȡԼķϣлӴӽӿռóոӲ̱ڵصƻ·ǳ߳ȥ
ƻشս˵̧ͷʱлɫе죬̲סƵ㡢㲻𣿡
˵лѾһˣһСΪлӸߣлûݰ
лɨһۣĿǺε̫
ԪӤΪȴ꣬ߵ˫һ¶гӳ֣ƻδʵսҲδܹˣò̡
Ϊ죬ȴһֱϣҪƻһĶ֡
˵仰Ĺƻϵ·Ѿˡۡлӽ·ȥϻˣϽϣ
ƻûܾ߶µؾͿʼ·лӼ״ʱǺҧ˵ѾѣҲ֪
ƻһҭĵҸϽô˵еģʲôɺģ
аɣڵĹϵе㸴ӡ
ԭлӵ˶˫ô꣬һû⣬лֺʲô
ƻػ·΢˵㣬Ҳûö٣ֽɲʹȥҪǧףһŲ֪úķѶ೤ʱ䡣
ж磬ûˮлӣ̽Һ߲ˡ
лɫʱһڡ
ƻϽ䣺ҪȳȥҰҲС
ʱûķѶã˵滨Ҳ˴Զƻԥһ£ֵԶҶ֮ҲУΪЩĵӡ
û˵лͻȻ۴ϣҶ֮ûˣ
ƻҡͷˣסͦͰҽһ¾С
лüĿ滺ӸµؿƻһȻЦ
ƻ۾һɣǲûлȴǰһѽ˴ӵϱ
屻ůƻ̧ͷĿֻ糺Ķ⡣
ǹˣ뵽˻٣ϧھֻҡ
лЦһ£ֱۣƻøɢϵĺ
˫аĲҲǿʢˣûٿƻһһĿбӵسȥ
Ҿ͹ˣ׼ұˡ
лΪͼʡ£͵ԷȻҹգԼī񶴸֮ǰܲͷƻȥ̫硣
л˵ˣӰƲˣƻķӦʲôСȥ̫硯
лӺΪջȥī񶴸̽ʶ̫絽
⻰˵ģҲͲֱˡ
лӲ֣ƻҲ⣬Ҳȥɹȥ֪һģˡ
лȥ̫磬ֱӲȥ񲻻Էһ֮ϲ
⹬ģ˵㵽ҲƵ΢˰ɡ
Էڣƻʩ˸»Լ·ˣҹԷΪĶϴûļйرĿ顣
;УƻܾΥ͸УͺʲôһֱƵġ
йڣ
ü̧ɨ򷿼һʱٿȻϡ
ˣԷڻһ䡱
ǿܡ䡱Ӧ˼֪ʱ֪ԭ򣬾ٶת
һգգضơ


12 
ǿܶһ˫ˮƵļž޹òһҹꡣ
ƻ˺üſסܵĳ嶯׳ŵǰ̽
Ȼڡ䡱ǰ˻Σ˫ںڵһ
С˴䡱գ˵¡
ƻǲ̫ģ󾹰䡱·
Լ棬ܻܲһɣ
⡢޴֣գ۱¶Ƭţִ̽ľͷ͹ͷָйȻȫһ
ƻһӲģǿûˡ
½䡱·ãٶ˼
˵ûԭκ˲ôԷȻˣ˭ѿתģ
ƻء䡱
ѲⶫԼ
ʶ̽һ飬촽Ӧ˵ͣнʣһʯ
üһܷšء
ԭҲ̫˰ɣ
ƻͷһ񺮣ӿռȻһʯҹģʵûȤʵ飬½泯ǽڷźãȥǰóԧ쾵һۡ
ûС
һӰҲû
ǿܣɶȴҲĲˡ
ڳƻ붢䣬ԷˮӦϣ⻰ǿѨ硣
ԭеȣ仹һƣǾ
ħĵεĵزϢΧɱ֮ǰпϵˮڣ뾡취ٳһаսʿʯ١
ôûôҲûɣҲҪϵ汳ģ˽ûԡ
˱̬ҲⱾѪͻΧΪԭķɣҪ֪ɱʱһΪᡣ
찡
ѵϵħ춼Ųסˣ
亷ηƻȴǼطȲҶȫ»Ҫֳƿ֣ԩòС
Բ
ƻ˲ÿˣԼȥɶѯʹɶĹˣȴ˵䲢δ뿪Ӧûڶ֮С
ƻֿ˱龵ȷϣȻûˣ鼱֮£ֻ붴ȥҡ
ƻ֪ʱڵĴ
ǻøȥ𡭣
ðɣڶ֮УϢôԣҶӦˣôܸӦ
¾ҸˣǱ˰ɡ
˾Ųʮ䱻ץˣҲ̲סˡ
۾Űɣùúý˼֮࣬ɱģΪˡ
һ򲻰ӣѾ˺ðɣ
ֹؽ̸ţһߣƻУҲû⹬˸û
һڷɶһȦûҵȴԵ̨Ϸһ볨顣
뿪ǰڿ飿
߽أǱ鷭Ϊǽ繦֮ģݺ󣬶ʱ˸
ǾǱͼС飬ֽϴԻ˷ƸĻ棬ƻֻһۣغ˻
ǿ
ƻ״֮˫طƪ½ǻ˸
ƻ
ƻ߳ŭžߴһˤ
ƨ״ǱͷĻ飬类ħƵ߻ħˣֶ
ȵȡ
Ǽһỹ˰ɣ
ƻɲؿϵġطϵļֽзŴ
ƪ
зһ⣬ȴȻˡ
ˮһֻץס˰°ڣʧ⣬ˤˮ档
ƻ̡
ˮ˲䣬ƻǣֻעҪˮȥ
ˮҶ֮صļ֮ˮٵĩˣи쵰ˮ
֮ˮԶش̹ǺˣŨ׹һƬůĻ
ˮµһֹһֻƮƮĲ˿´

ƻյͨ죬ˮ޷תͷȴЦ
ɫ岨Ρ
绨ڳصףˮٵĵܽأȻڵúһֻϢˮе
˽ߣƻ촽˶˵˾ʲôӱλ÷ˮһ޽ûĨס
屻˸ƻﹾ³һݣ˰뵽ƾΪ˴ɣ̧֣һ
ǿ͸룬߽૵Ӧ󿴵һĻȻɱҵġ
ƻһ
Ϊ˲գۼ䣬Ҫɱ𣿡
ƻ
Խ죬Σʱ̣ƻԻѭŷ˵ıܣ֪ʱȥת
ټϷкľ˾ûѺ󣬿һ㡣
ʹһţյȴΪץ½󣬽߾ȫŴһ䣺֣Ҫˣ
ٹӣǻ֣Ͱըˣɱħͷ
ȻûſֻǾؿȷƻϷʧЦһ
ûɾ
ֱ۹Ƭӣɫ촽
˿˿ͨݴɵڣҪϢУƻһɣúأܱȥ֮׵Ŀ
֪˶ã˫𽥻ָɣйҲ
ȵڻָǣƻע⵽ģԼرס֡
Ȼ󣬲촽ϼİĴС
һĻеʶմʲӡƻط￴
ƻٶȿհףϤ´ǰƮʱͫһΪĲȻ
䡪
˲䱻˱أžը顣
ӦΣϰ䣬Ľһ飬ָ˸ı˲䰵һ롣
ɫһȻЧ
΢̱ᱻɢħʴ
ֻֽͨɸƻһЩȴֻʴ˰յһ룬˼Ǳųʧɫ
ٿȻƻˮ΢ȴХ˳ɳ
ҵˡ
ġ
ƻоױȵ˫ط
صףƻѴӳһĺѹԽһ˽ӽ
˵û˵Ǹͽʮ꣡
˶٣ߵʰǸ˿´ߵƻǰȥ˵
ƻ֣ŭ㻹ң
ƻû뵽ԼԭΪߣͱ˫ޣˣ
Ǻܲ⣺Ҵδ뿪ɶҹҲڳ˯ѣҲ
ƻŵصⱲûô˵Ϲˣҳˮˣ㻹ô
Ȼ򣺡һΪ˵ָ͵͵ϵˮڣû뵽ͬҲ㣬ɹҹͻȻǰѵΪͬҡ
ƻϣȻǣ
ʣǹΪζ
ƻ
ܲ˵û͵
֪ǿʶƻȴҲĿǰĹϵʲôģȷʵմߡ
תһ룬ħͷǸһħͷʲô
׵رˮʵ
˼ԲʱָһǸ˿Էƻ
䴹Ϊϵãɨ۽ڡ
Ϊ˫ޣ¡ˡѴʶһΣҿЩΪãҪ㷣ջذɡ
㲻˫ޣƻЩΪ⣬ﷸ˻ֹ֪ˣʲôۣȴҲֵ˳ƶΪ
þŪʪյ·ЦðǱ㲻ˣˮ֮ȻҪ𣬱ɶǳкú˯ɣ
⻰˵úܴȷĹҲУճڴҹɶѰϢ
ȻעҪΪ˷ɶ˺ֵ׳١
Ȼ˵꣬ͻȻһ̾Ϣ
ڣüǳϸӵΣҲ֪˶á
ʧ֮Խʡˡ
͵˫޲ɣô߳ŭѾܾгأ
һɬ䣬ЩӣտʼĪҪǵĶˣüλ޻̽鹬ʶɡ
ƻãȻع
һִðģ
ûصʹͷࡣ
Թ£ʶ˫ˣпǹط⣬ǰ¶Ȼùð
»ʱ޻Ȱ˰ɡ
лҪ˵
ƻãȻΪɶҲѺˣ
ɣ޳֮޻ڴ


13 ת
Ļ޵Ȼڳȴʧ˫طûϵ
Ϊѹû˫ޡ
ƻʺŵرͻ޻ʲô龭˵šסʵϰ˸ûš
ٿĪ硣
Ǵ˵еİٿĪ硣
ƻ˸ԼĪκ⡣
ǲôҲûʲô˵ģ
԰ţõıˣһá
뱾ǵİΣˣ䡭Ǵǹģˣ̰Լժøɸɾ
ǲ㱻˫޵Ǹ
ηţ´ָô˼ȥƻޱؽˣϲˮ˯ȥݸ
Ĺһѵأ˿Ǳȴûס̧ͷƻ˪ָϽ˻ȥ
ʱǡ
ƻ˵һ죬һʹлӣĿڵһУ
һѵһưոݣȥɱˣܳζԷļˡ
仹ģҲֻҪɱҲЩ鷳ˡ
ȥˣٶֻʣƻԼ̱ϣ֪˰ѱ׹촽
һκǣ˸
ƻԼʩʮ龻

ͬʱ޻⣬ɶ
򶴸Ŀ⴩赲ӳϵƻ
ڻɫһĨ˼ڿƻĹĵشӺֻһ˿ǳЦ⡣
±ۣһƬס
ҹ˾ƻֿʼ֮·
췢̫⣬ֵ̡
лӺ䶼ûΪߣȴһ͵סصϺ֮һˮº
ֱӵʶȥϤ˴˵Ϣ졭Ȼ
ûãƻȼ˵ԺǱ֪ʶ
ϣҪѧϰôڵתĹڻ첻ˣһ磬Ѿо߰˰ˡ
л˵ͺΪоתƻ˶ʲôģͼЦеس֡
簡

ƻˡ
ʲôһǸ
׵ûôܹ
Цݿ䣬ƻȴֱ飬Щûһȥء
һֱⶢңû±ˣ
ǴȰЦÿת·ΪնƻӣʲôҲȲҪ󻤷ͣ³ȱ⣬ȷʵ˲١
ƻޱôȻˡ
һ㶣Цıǽ壬Ի֮
ƻͷӽӿռóѽܻ֪оепãýһ㡣
һС˵õĶǽֻڻҰЩڵģ硣
ƻͻȻɼҢʱõĺǰȣȻҲǽǲýأܲܽң
ҡͷߵķ֮ʱһõҲǾ޸򿳵кüλнǲ⣬ֽһ
ƻ磿
룺ɶˡ
ƻʮһʩ˸ٱ磿
룺ī񶴵лҲǽе̳һĽҲпɡ
ƽյ̬ƻĬĬĵʣб𣿡
˼˰Σԥλ̫޵úҲǽͻһܰϹ
ƻ۾һðһͿ
лӵǰ֮ȣǽʣλ̫Ըô
ԭĶٶЩгϵйأǸͦˣ֪ȴҡҡͷһɫЩƧ²֮档
Ŷ
ƻ̫ϻ˭ǼλѸ㣬ĬĬԺл˵
˵ʱҶ֮Ȼ޻
˰ѩغȳ˵һ˫ȫȻƻϡ
ʱʼ
ƻ̾˿˷ʱ䣬Ҳ֪ʲôʱǸͷڰɡ
˵ͷԵߣҶ֮·ʱ˫ӳ洺ֵۣջߡ
뵹ûи붴Ŀ׷˲󣬲óȥΧವ硣
󰡡ЦصૣҡȵĶȻһ
һ룬һڳƿնлӴӽء
ջƻ˵űȥ̫磬ˣȴƻһȥī񶴵ʱ硣
л𳤽Ҳû񣬷ƵƻأصΪʲôĳ޻ˣ
ЦЦȴ˼֣лˣ˵ģҪ
лɫһݺݵźðΡյģ򲻹
໰ߣӲ˿ڣأ
ط䣬ʾ⣺Ҷ˷Ÿյڰ﹬̽ʶʲôȸҡ
û˵꣬һȻιһӰ븮С
лȻûӰ


14 ͬˮ
޻ڣƻҶ֮ڴʱʵЩ޿
Ҷ֮ȴûſʼǵʣΪηأ
ҹʮ˶յִӹ˿ŵƻͻȻͷȥأݵֻһ֮䣬Ѳ˻
Ͱˣƻ˽⣬ҲûҪͣǱ˵ΪΣ뷣
ƻ˵Ҷ֮ɫ΢䣬Ҳûʣƻ̧ǰķ˿ƽܻЩۣ΢һ¡
ƻ󾪣Ϊʲô
Ҷ֮Ϊ鲻ãʶЩܿء
˵
ƻתһ룬Ȼ̽ʶܸ֪ƺʶйҲ˵ͨ
˵ǽ˰ɣ뵽뻹ſڣҶ֮ˣ϶лӽ԰·ָɰͰ͵ظ˿ڣǡΪʲôã
Ҷֻ֮ǾƬ̺ƻڴ£Լ˴ߣãֻ۶ѡ
ƻԥۡ
Ҷ֮ЦһЦ滨棬ƻɻ
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ಡ
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Ҷ֮ǳıӵ
лӵӰ֣ڴһµƻͫ׺ݺһɷֱ콣УٶȳҶ̶ֱ֮ȥ
Ҷ֮ҲûԴУǺէ֣ӵ㣬нϣ漴һʵ򽣼⡣
䡪
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֮⣬ɫ䣬ָɶڶ˵ȹ̽硣
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ԪӤ۷ѹϯ뵲ƻǰһŭȣ
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лӲȻŭı飬Ҷ֮ʲôȻëʣһѻ ôձֵˡ
˵գվһԵƻ۵׺ɫɢȥһأ²ǰݻˣܷҪ㣿ʲô
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лһͣٿתƻ˫һƬһһٵʣȥҶ֮ˣ
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вң룡ʲôʱֵõң
Ȼ͵ƻʣôҪߣ
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Цãƻ˵˵ѡܷߡ
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͵ļˣ漰طҪߣұɱ
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ȻˣлӾͲˣƻûҲԼΣϽĿڵǸˣ㻹ǱˣһҺܿء
лʱЦ˵ôͻȻڣ᲻ˣ
ƻɷнµصͷе㡣
лӣ
⻰Ǽڽ֮û뵽ƻͷлһʱ㵣Ҷ֮ƵҲһƻǾ졣
лɷˣЩӲ˵᲻ң
ƻĵ⻰˵лǹƢ˵׼ʲôǵطʲôжôЩгҲ١
ӲĲУֻס
ƻֵͷ뵽Ҷ֮˵鲻ã̽ʶЩۣƽױлϮҶ֮Ű˴룬϶ˡ
Ȼ˭ۣҧҧѵĲԣҪҪ°ﱾ̽飿뿪֮£͡
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ҲԣԴӹʧ䣬ķΧ㿪ʼԾˣҲû뵽һƻٴɫлӻΪС¾ͶҶ֮֡
ˣͬˮˣȻһȣһ룬Ȼͳ޻֮⡣
лӺҶ֮һ˱޻￪⣬δɢȥ
Ƕ޻Զλ˿̵ľʶ˹ձλһˡ
սߣѹָ̻
ƻһŷɣһƨ˴ϣƵ˭̽鲻һǲǱг𣿡
лӱôæһ˵Ҷ֣֮Ӧô
뿴ƻһãȻȾЦԷǣڴµʧְù˾š
Ҳûֻͣ˳ƻĲ²л˺ҶƽȷʵԸ˴Ǳ꼰㡣
ƻͬղſɲǿЦģ˾ɱ˶Է̽ʶ˽š
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̬ǿӲزأɡ
֪
ƻһʧٿ룬ͻȻ뵽ʲô۾һˣ㲻еû£Ҫⶢô
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ࡣ
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ָ޳Өָ͸۵ķۡ
ƻ˵αظô鷳ֱӰ̽鲻ͺˡ


15 Ӱ
ƻհɻգգۣʡ鷳
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ƻָһЩʧΪʲô㲻ǺһԪӤ𣿡
Ľͣδͬ˫޹ΪҲȹ߳һС磬óȻ̽ʶпŪɳ׾
ƻɵˣ⡭⻹˫йأ
룺Ȼеģл˵ͨʶ֮ںϽ룬£ʶֻ»ֱӴ̴ʶ
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Ϊлӵͬ˫޹ʶ͸ʶһСƣǻû˫޹룬ĸоͻʵҪ۶
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ĬЭʱл˺Ҷ˳ϵǱֻʣ¼ˡ
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ѩһʶǿ󣬼Ȼ֮ǰ˵ֻΪμҢˣȴ˰ʯͷԼĽš
治ɫˮɶ棬ӦָĲˡ
ƻĿǣűߣԴǵУΪҪˣ͵ġҿƳټգô˵ˣ
ȻɣŲԸϸȥ˷ʱ䡣
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ʧЦ£˵ģ㹻ˣʵڵģȥΪơ
ȥɣҲеûš

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˼Ƭ̣Ĺʱ㱨ȥˮɶ֮ǰװ˯ƻһۡ
ҪǸȥֻΣϡЩͽ޳ûҪȥöЩͬ
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ʱ䣬㹻ģӦµˡ
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ͻȻ⴫֨֨ͨݣҢһ𣬵ʱϴ
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ѵҵʲôɱˣ
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󣬼Ңл㱵ģϾͻȻڱҵΪΡ
ɨı壬棺֮ȥ޻Ϊ̽ʶ̽飬ҷЩС´ξͽ㸸ʬɡ
ҢӺ﷢ĵͺһ˫ɫʢҰ޵塣
ûͻȻʲôѩҲûдٺ꣬ʱȫˣĶҲûµ̺ˡ

ҢԴ񣬺ȴǲʾˡ
ڳЩֻ꣬嵱ϣǰǰ˲¶ʮС壬Ƥûգһ¡
ʶʱΪܣҢĿʣлǼһǱͲæôǱϹôģû˰ɣ
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룺ţ˵˳Ҳ㡣
Ңҧ˵ЩʲôòƵģ
ͻȻЦˣʱ֥Ц뻳üĿռ˷
ôĳû
ҢһöӰ赭дȺˣս֮ǰҴһƤ£͵ףʦδɡ

˵գȥˡ
ҢӰצӽգЩ飬룡
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˵ףȺܴܶ壬ǼһЩԼ
ǵΪѹĵرζϣ¾壬ԹҲײ֮ս
һ뵽ƻҢצӲɡ
һȴû˵ǳ汻ΧˣƾеĶ˫طʲô³
ë׵ĺرΡ
Ң幬ˣڱȥģ
ȥҴң˴ŰյĹŹˣнݣûɿڡ
ҢЩȻƻµձ˵ˣΪֻһʱû뵽ƻʵ
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ҢֽǼƹܵһ˸Ѫͷ
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˿䣬벻պ̬¶׷㽫ȫ˦
˹
ô룬ҢҲҵȥʣʾǴ򲻹
ѰʾظȻûʲôˣ˵ʱųȫҢĴ㡣
Ȼм棬Ȼۺ졣
ҢȻƻķԸһֱʣһȥؽ˳
֮Ҷ⡣
ҢӶؽǽһż챻ɱҲɫɵ䣬е㷢ᡣ
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ǽߣԣȽź˪ĳ޼̧ľͫʳ˹ȥ
˫Ưһ۾Ҳմˮ̳һ㣬üҢͷĪһɺ⡣
Ң
俴һۣͻȻһЦûյϷݾʣղ˱ë𣿵¼һݣҪǲ⴫˶Աȡ
һ仰ҢۣһΪëˣնñȥƻ
㾹Ʊ
Ңɫ׽һƱȥ;ʱ״ֻ̬ᱻһƴſջ֡
ˣȴʲָ˵̱Ҳֻë߲ĺꡣ
䱾Ϣ΢ټϼҢڸǣʱͨĺһ޶
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˵գҢݹⷵضȴͻȻһϤԽɤ
Ң


16 ܳ
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ҢͰ͵ҡ·˵أֻ˵أͬ壬ȥˡ
ƻûעȫ̺涢ֻͺëơ
ʲôƷֵĺꣿ
ûôġ
ʣǺꣿͨĺꣿҰ𣿡
ҢӲͷϼ˲Ϣ
»ض·ϱײ䳰ȷŽ˺꣬ʱֻңȻҪƻ˸ţ
ǱԽߡҢ˸£롣
˿̣ٶƻᣬҲҶҰƲᣬȴȥˡ
໡
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һĻƻʱһɺҢ
ƻ㲻Űͬϲðɣ
Ң
ҢûС
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Ȼƻû˴еĿģûضڸתȦоҢˣַҶ
˵ƻûܵסϵļ尾ôˡ
ź߽ҶûϰףеĺѶòС
ƻ˽е۵˵һ̣ܿʹȥˡ
ĺ䶯˶Ƶģ̧ͷƻһۣವؿڵ½
ȵأѿһˡ
ƻڳرߣִ˴ˮô˸顣
ȥˣӦû°ɡ૵ȻȥˣӦûʲô¡
ͬʱеС̽Դͷı飬ƻƬ̺󣬻̲ס̫ˡ
۽һ顣
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ݹأѾ˼㣬ˣƤë֮Բɫ̽˷צ⣬עƻһһ
ƻֻǽӻﱧϣϸΪ̽ƣʶ̽󣬻˸Сļ飬ڵñ
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䲻˦һβͣƻһʱˡ
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̱ϣħצǰ޵ĶƤǲƤë̾ѣ˺һسȥ
ͻȻָⲦŪʲôϵĺȻһۡ
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⻰Ͳôˡ
ƻ۵ɱڣṈ̀ƽȴԵûʲôƻҲȷֻëס
İ׶Ƥ˺üѣһڡ
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ƣֳûọ̃ѧ˵뻹Ҫһ꣬ʱܵͨ
һǵɪɪȴһԵС꣬룬ӽӿռ﷭¶ȼߵ鱦ںԱߣҲȥȥˡ
죬ƻѵһʶһҹߡ
ڶһ磬Ң޻׼ɵ濴ƻϵʱЩŻһѪ
Ңʣʹ
ƻҢŰСɣԶ̬е䵭š
Ңˣϲ꣬ҹкЩֻëˮģҲаΪҪô
齽䣬䶯˶˸ȻżҢ棬ƻȣֶƻԴ˵ĺ̬䡣
ëɶͺٵģ˵̧٣ƻȴȵҪˡ
㶼˵ˣʲôƻֱ׵ֲӣ˵ΪΪ
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Ϊ뾯̽ʶʱҢûʲôСû뵽ƻ˴ϣȻࡣ
ҢԻûӦȻκˡ
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ƻܸоҢĲɻ֮࣬ⷴ˼ǲǸոԼ̫ˣ˵ףҲûмҢŰС֤ݡ
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ƻ̾˿սסҢ˲١
Ҳ̫ۣϤһϢ
ҢãϤϢ
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Ң
ƨ
Ҷ֮ʶ̽ʱ̫ۣΪǼһˮƻͬһԴ˲ųѣиƨĹϵ
һҶϹûռˣҢ޵Ȯĥ뵽ˣƻҲ鸴ϲ
ʮ䣬һͱƻΣϴαǼǰЩ
Ң̿ˮСػסƻ潫˱ڻеɲǣϢһȣβͽ©˳

ͬڵ䣬βͳɱס˰ƻĺβϣ˲޻ǡ
ƻ¿һۣɻʲô
Ңͨ죬ѧҶ֮Ϲ
ϤϢ
Ϊë׿أƻȻ÷УƳۼҢͷǶԶ䣬ǿŰס˴֣ͻȻʲôתͷǿȥ
ףҢԭĺ꣬Ҳкˡ
ͬʱһǡ
Ӳӵĺ̹ɶţֻ꣬ȴһ
СǺڸʲôССԴţ涢ơ
лҪ˵
ƻҰꣿ㣡


17 
ǽʶʹл򵥴ֱҶ֮˳ˮۣҢǿм䣬˲ϲµС
һʱȥˣʱȥˣʱ
ƻͷߣ޿̣㵽׽
Ңԥԥۡ
ƻץ񣺡Ҷˣ
Ң˸ˣҰɣ
ƻᡣ
ҢҪǡ
ƻĲᣡвУ
βĽش˸Ƿβ˦£ö˯ˡ
ʱƻڻһͣƬ̣һƵƺߡ
ҢĴβϲϰһΪƻһ㷴Ӧš
ҧԼҧҰɣҵҧһָܿģ
˵ŻҢΡΡָݵƻߣƻȴû
ɫѩף˫գ´ҧ˼ѪüҢ۵ҪָΪȥڴ
˿ԣˮҲԴЧƻȥƬ˵촽
Ң޴ػȻ̽ʶȴҶ
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һֱ䶯˶ȴס˽û˵Ļ
漴ֵ׵ǰһ˲䣬׵Ϣֱ硣
Ҫ˴ҲἱŻȥ

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⣬ոܵϢ񣬽ӱż˶ӵĲҽУŭ졣
룡ң
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䣬һ˻ưûüӦ㳹׻
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ͻȻȺ֮дһһ㶣ѰĸͷྐྵҶһִ
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Ŷеӱ°ȥ¯ƾʲôû£
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ɫһһ󣬱ʵһ仰˵
Щ޴˵ΪԽҲʹԪԽţֻôһãδǻã׻ţȫϣ˿ֻﻢ¡
ڣ뵭Ƴһۣˡ
ٺһЦˣԾ󻼣ģǵǱɽķѽ׻ŵ¸ڸ·ϣ϶Ҳȶӣ¹Ƶ
֮˽꣬Ȼȱ⣬ķȴѱ鲼磬˭Ҳû뵽ǰߵӽΪͬһݡ
ԴԺһšü
ƻм٣йسĴҲ󣬳ڲԻһҲǵ֮
㽫˱Ľ׶˽֮⣬˾֮󣬱ֱ
ϵϢɢΣڹӰ֮С
ˮڰ
ûйʶɿ֣Ц˵˿ǹƫҪԧ죬ˣǹҲǿȡ֮
䣬ʿ۽һ飬ڵһ
ȴ治ɫһ˱ҡ
ҪߣǹյŵˣҲ
˻һȷŵɵۣ÷񾳴ܣʻЩ
Ե棿
Ȼ
üĿ䣬ͻȻޱ䣺ֻǻˣҪˮڣڳ빬أ
лҪ˵
䣺˵һһһ˫ˡ
ƻû˵
룺˵һһһ˫ôô˿أѡʦѡǹ
䣺qnmd


18 ׹𽣨ޣ
ʱȽ⣬һƬž
˶ڵ俪ڣȻѡˮڣǴƶʵ
ʲô˽
˵ˮڲţҲ׳ΪҾİˡ
νˣʱ֮У˫۾Χۡ
Ĵִ²ʾǼ֣𾪣ˮŵ볤˽𾿾Ȼصӣڰԧ죿
ȺǱգԵضƣˮǵ䣬·ļɢޱϴ˸ˮ衣
ȺȻ˶٣ɵôŵСӵζˣ
ˡ
Ⱥҡҡͷٺٿ䡣
ɶӣҪ
ԵȼλŮӰ͵¼ͶӰ
ŮɵǰˣаѱС
Ů޲ΪȻƻǰаԣ˫֮ȻȾ¯һҲΣлᣬһȥһ
Ů޵Ҫ˰ɣƻĿΪ·ΪйĹǱģ޷Ǳò˰ɡ
Ůϸ֮Ҳеٲȥˡ
콣ɽɫ𺣬ͷԱߵӣиӦžô
ҡҡͷû̫ӵµϢ£һΪĪ⣬ˮڱսȣտԹ롣
ӵɽˮڵ˶ţžûˣѰ봫Ҫͳ̸̸
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ⰵӿ˶Ϊⳡа֮ĽǳЭʱ˵ˡ
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˵գѷ˫ϥأһһٵ˵ӲТǰһʱԣ볤˽ɡΡѱˮŹ棬ΥʦĽ̵ٻˮڣʦҲٹͽгһ뿪˵أˮ
˻һžޱȡ
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֮УƻұأѶƻ֮ǣŹ£
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ΪƻҪˮڣЩΪĴ˻Ӧ
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ճ˶ȴֺлײ˸š
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ڣϵĶûгãǹѹɢȴơ
ƻͷۼǵӰڹУʧ֮࣬Щӡ
뿪ĺпܱ׷ɱΨٶ๶һЩʱա
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ܴڣƻʵϾһʤ߼ҿʮ˶гطӦҲẦˡ
ţȻоΧϢʱˡ
Ңñһͷ׸ߵ˶Ҷ֮Ҳ΢΢ۣлӾһʱûסЩ飡
ƻ۵÷һʹһȴû̵ֻ֡
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˿ƻֿ֣ƻ֮˫Ǵδйľ͸ѹڵõͷŵķͻȻЦֹ

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ȴײϼҢƤë
ƻͷԶԶϤİ

Ң˸ֹӰ֮£Ǳ˵ľԥƽһػȷʵϢ
צƻͷβͽ˳׾˻
ͬʱʮ˶
գδƻǰ¶гˢˢۡ
Ҷ֮һϮƮٳչգǱʱܴ͸磬ֱϵ
Ƭ̺󣬿һлظҶ֮˿ϧǸմӺβܾ޴ƻ
̾Ϣһóԡ
룬ˡ


19 
ȣձȻ񳤻ȱܽ
仰˵ܿܶڻزˡ
ϣգһʱʱߵĶûע⡣
ƫƫĴûֶԷǴΣ´ν翪ţ㲻֪Ҫȵʲôʱˡ
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ҧҧʮ˶ķȥΣһߣڵһЩ˿Ҫˡ
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ף˰ҲŽǰʮ
ܽЩ˴ʵϵѹҲΪĴڣлӵЩûһߣʧ䣬پصı
ˣԸǽڶг裬ЯλԪӤĵӣٸ޻
ҴҸϻ޻ͬƻºƻ˶ˡ
룬治Ǹ
ƽʱҲˣ˶˵һŻɱˡ
ƻʣû˵ȥʲôˣ
µû˵һ˼ϸ壬˷Уǲòȥɣģһóġ
ƻҲ벻ôԵˣЩߣеѹ
ȻԸϣԽǱĬУѾʼǿһˣԷȴû̫£˵߾ 
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ƻʣ˵û˵ʲôʱַô죿
ƶ´νһȻģ֮£ضǣǲҹ룬ҪΪƣοóȻҲԴС
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ƽʱ̣ʱлüĿͶ䶼˼⣬һ¶Ȼɵаԡ
ǷƻһߣӦò޻˰ɡ
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Ǳһʱɡ
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л˫ֱ磬Ư࣬ƻ󣬷䣺뷣㷣
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ľͺãһ֮˵ͻأûǡ

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˶߹⣬ƻͬʱһ
ƻҲȫȻգëֱ
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ƻţջ˷Ǿ䡮˵֮ǰΪ˺֡
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˳ˣĿ飡
ƻһ߽˵ˣ
߽֮һƳ
ƻ״֮˫ط𽵹ƪ

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͸ĳ棬Ƽؿڴֵɭɭ׹ǣˡ
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˵ͷͷǵʱҲڳûҪƭԼƴ֣ճϣƻԼǵƺ
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ζοԳµľƣʵ˫ķ
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ƻڽڲٺ֮ǻһңʱû˷ִ硣
ֱһץס֣ƳԷͷ麹ʹģʶԼʲô
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Լ䣬еУ˲壬֪١


20 ο
ܿ죬ɿǵƻַ𣬻ɷнµز˾䣺ȽϿ졣
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ϴεĳͷЧ׹֮龹ԵСĴָ˲촽ˣ
ƻ俴һۣĨ˰죬ֿϵѪգһͷɫΪʩ˸

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˵ףΪײڵϢƽ⣬һҲͻȻ
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˵䣬ɨʲôȻץסƻ
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Өָ⻺ϵ࣬ͣƬ̣ע˼ܿ죬ƬƤָ
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21 ˫ط
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22 ıԶ
ҲͺСè󣬿ֻ̣ûҲʧ٣˵Ϊȥʳˡ
ƻ·뵱Ȼ˶ۣ˳껹⣬۵ԭһֱڶӣҶֻͨСˡ
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Ң㶿ƻֿЦЦ䣬ζûӦ
ղ룬ôϣ˰죬Ϊ˸ðƺꡭ̣

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˯Чƻʼֱۼ֣ܿſϣͷһۣͮͮСشܳ޻

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ֻǼ򵥵ţģʶ㿪ʼͬһֹۣһ޻Ҳʼߣۡ
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˷ٸϵ޻ʱڵȻŨ˼£в۵ļƣƻûӦҪǿд磬֮ͻȻһŭ⡣

˱һ㶣ȴһ
ԭлˡ
Ҿ˵Ϊˣˣ
κе㼤Ұɣǰûô󶯾Ҳͬ˻Լһ㡣
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ͬʱ֮ڡ
죬ī񶴸ٸлӴ˿ӡ
ֶ֮£ģɫҰףƽҲĺź˯ƻŭ
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ۼŨ꣬лջ˲ö˵һѱƻ󷽵鴲ȥ


23 һ¯
ʽܼ򵥣򵥵úñȱۿңԲ𱳸Ķ
ͨġ˯ѡ
ԭʱӲΪҪ˯һ°빦˵̶ʡˣһ򵥵Ľ
ָֻҲб׶ˣ׶˾Ч̫ˣõһƻˣ˯ʱ߱Ҫʱ̹עͨתգ֤ᱻڵ䱬
ʿ֮以ɲҪһЩֶΣƻҪһý飬ִĳ籦˯ʱֻü򵥵֫Ӵתڵϻ۶ֻҪ˲ѣһֱֹ
ԼҢղ˵ܵƻ¯ĻԵôܻ
ѰʿҪԪӤҪ꣬ƻȴֻ˲꣬±ԪӤ֮ϣû˴ļ¼Ȼڶľ콾Ҳķʮꡣ
ڼҢлӺҶ֮˾ڰϣΪǴʧҲŽ𵤶ѣʮĽգƻﵽԪӤڡ
֮䣬ʲôԵܱȵ˿ֲٶȣ
г̽ƻʶûûһǿٷ޵֮·Χ˳գ˶ڵһʱ令ס޻
˽Ϊƻ޶ȣ¹¯ҹϸ裬եȡ裬ʵȴǡǡ봫ŽȻ෴
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ССһ糤ȣһߣƽʮʮ˶ƽҪ˵塣
Ҷ֮ŹƻţȴֻԸδдЩš
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лӸһҧջ֣ʼȫע

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ƻҲ˵лӱķûסŭ߶˫޷𽵹Ҫ֪ǵһѪ紩磬ȥסûӣ
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ڱһɺлģʱƻ֡
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ˣԼ˵ĻĪ˯С
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滨ڣҶ֮ͥԺˣ±ʳƻʩһ
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ɽ
ƻϤ˵˳ˮ֪ĵطҲΪΪԭǵķҵأȥɽʲô
326꣬Ǹոʮ꣬ԭУǽĵɽ֮ٶǲŻʮʽʼԭ顣
Ҳ˵ǻǸǰͨꡣ
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ǰƻҲϲ滨ͬҶ֮£Ҫ±ʱҶ֮࿴һۣó±ȥ
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ɽؽѰӣΪףֻ۾һһ죬Ƣܲǳ֣ϲˣ̫ܲ¹һ˷֡
ǳǧϹ걻ʿƷĽųΧۣǳʿ׷ǰӰԲʮض½
ʥɽһصױչذ꣬վһëСѣǵɽĵˡ
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ʮ꣬һӻڴĲ˵һԷϣ֮ǰȷȷˡ



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ڶ֮ɽ𣩣ʮӤ
編
壨Ʒߣƻ

ڶƻδŻ׽̿꣬
Ͱ
һƻԪӤڣͽʮʯټͣ



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ƻֻǴ·㿴˺ЩԼڴԾڸ֮ϡ
ƻͻȻǹ˵Ļַ˷
ϹȻûҶ֮˵֣ƺĬˣϵϰҶ֮Ҳû壬Щ˶طĴ㣬ʱ»ϵ
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Ҷ֮һ٣ԣ
šƻԤһδô׷ɱе㵣ᷭ
Ҷ֮ŻһŻֽʾƻվȻ󽫱ʵݵ
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Ҷ֣֮ʼڻֽһʣҪͺˡ


25 
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Ҷ֮ʻһʼ⽥Żճ׶
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Ҷ֮ȥ˵һֻһ۾ԾȻֽϣ㽩ӲͣʣǰӽӲƻ
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ֽĳ˻Ҷ̬֮ˣƻڲסǸ󣬼ƽձֵٵȻˮҲһɡ
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26 
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ƻеΣҲûʲôĿģֻ˽ԭΪһˣ˺Ҳ˲ˣⲻͨķˣʶȵϵˡ
˵ԭϲƻһԸɿι񣬿ɿſţӵתΪҲͷ
һ˲䣬ԭˡ
׷ţ֮·ǧգΪͷѪͬ7˼ǿҵĶԱȡ
˻𣬷ֹ;̰ˣȾƣѪݣʮ˶ռطΨеķ̰רƽá
ƻСŸ裬ɵڴðҲĵö
˳ɺףֻ԰Ҳܵſ´еĺ궼ش˸Ƿ
ÿζƻǰȴƽͬ7ǰ㳣ҹ鲻õʱͻʶнչ𣿡
ƻɴС¿ûʲôչ
οģµģˣµľͺá
ֱƻʧ䡱ĵĻˣ
ǵĿıӰ΢΢ݵѹֱǰϲ㡣
΢٣ɺëĶӿ˼֡
ƻ̽ʣ֪˫طô
й˫طͷûžһڲƭͬ7˵ΪǷˣԲںȸ˯
ƻ澪ˣһˣԭöԷ֪ϵܣҪôûҪôǷǳŶԷ
ʣԱƽʱȥ㣬ҹ𣿡
ᣬ¶Ķͨ죺һῴ˯ڶϲߡ
ƻ
ԭȻǸ̬
ֻɺ׺ܿ챻ã˸֮ʣͷΪʺһֻɺװ׽һɨһȦͻȻ⳯ƻ˹ȥ
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޺޷֮ʱѾ׷ɰգۿҪˤƻϣ˫ۣѾˤһӵ׼ȻԤеʹûڵ
Ե£ƻϣֱʶץסԷļ
ƻô˵ҲԪӤӸ˻ɵģ˵˹⽫ˤҪԼ
һֱһźϼ鲼⧲¶ǰʱƻһ˲ĪҲȡû°ɣ
Ȿ˿ģ̧ͷȴˡ
ˮһĳϣҲȾɫһ졣

˶ڳЧ޴ӵֿ˫죬ʶսܰĺƻϣƵò㡣
ȵȣ
ѩɫ£һֱĬĬ˵ĶԻ˿ȴֱͷ۵ƻ·͸һڡ
˫һ˲ʶôƻļϴϢԡԲҲ֪Сô£պһúùܽһΰɣ
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㲻ͷţؿƻϣƬϸܵĺ飬Żգȴʹ
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ƻڴһɺʣأЩ𣿡
ûлӦʶ΢Ĳֱ˹ȥ
ԪӤʿǰ˾ͺñһĲ
ƻеһνӴˣ֪ϵĳöԷ˴ķӦ֪ԭÿÿͬ7ӴǰζԷ
ô죿ʲôˣ
ƻˣɵˡ
ʵڱòУƻ˳ʡµ⣬ֿѹûעƻλñռһӿ
ȻĴƫʯĥ˼צӣҪƻļƻȴͻȻ˱ݹȥգûӰ
˦ϵ䣺

ƻһ·ܵæһƻְǷ˱Щѿ
զˣ
ƻ˵һ龭ʶɨܿжϣ˳㣬Ƴˡ
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ʼ磺ʿ̶ֳȵĳ㣬ͷŸɾˣǷˣ¾ֻԼ취йˡ
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˵ƻ⹬ߵĲ˫һڹ˺ҹҹͬ7˫ޡ
Ĵͷ£Ӷ˫Ҳץ˲ʿ䵱¯
˵Ϊ˶Ŀг˼й˫޵ķŹѧϰ˼£ڴ֮£Եøֱ¶ǡ
֪ѬûǱģֻ͸˵Ϻף鴲ֹҡ
ˣ˸Ƿϵ˾ֻ취ҩҲⲻסȻȥԼ־ͺˣòŲģȥ
ƻȻһ㶣սʲô
Ҳ㶣漴Ͻ죺㣡ֽдˣý⡣
Ҳ˵㣬ƻһı飬Ľ͵ԭģҺ󣬲̫ϲǰ֣͸ĳˡ
ƻˣٿ񶼱ˡ

˭ĵֲҪҪǣɫʶ
ԭ͵ϮʮΣ󱻴ħͷƶǡǹǵڻҹޡ
ƻʱƣСڻôǹײԽ䶨Ϊ˿ȴû뵽ھȻƻг֮һ
Ϯɱ䣬ĪΪ˸ԭ𡭣
ƻʱѾڰȥˡ
ԺģȴҲд漸ǣİ˴ʱų⣬ܵؾ㡣
꾹˼˵ĸܣĿİؽ͵ǸҡҲ㣡Լߣģ
ʮ˶ֲͬ7Ǹ˼ЩŰķˣΪѵؿƻ˳㣬µ˿ܲ㴥
ƻ⣺ȥ
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ƻҲϻҪߣɨܣ˾䣺ףأ
ͻȻǼһ
ƻŹֿһۣ¾䣺ô֪ͷҲصǰȸˡ

ͬ7ʱɺ׳ԡ
ڴ˵СƿڴС
ƻһߣ׷⡢Ϊ𵤾ֻ߲͵ɺȳϵĺó๺ذ£ͻȻصĲ
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һֻɺ׵Ҳˣʮֻ𵤾ҵɺףʱ״̬ȫǶ֡
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һȺ񣬾Ȼô˴Ϸ
ȹ˰ʱֻˣëűҲûٽӣŲٿ幾֡
ȻܲᵥС
԰ռǧ
иտǵ¶ޣҲϼ޻ʳҰޣ˱¼ڲ⣬ֲ̫𣬶߾ǿʳ֮ذˣ˵뻹ʱʱֻƽ⡣
뿪ɺǵأиΣķ
ɺϷˣ֮ʣһ벽ԪӤĻƽڰпãë׵ĺӹʱڱؾ֮·ſѪڣֻʳԼС
벽ԪӤҰһϢԪӤʿѲΰصȴȻ˶䣬߿ԡ
ȱУһƤë类ɺĵöͺ̣δϢֱֻϣʼٸȴ֪١
ŭ֮£ʪССһŲͣǴӳݷ伷֡
ƣ
Ȼ㱻ǻƽһ˸С
лҪ˵ɣϹûˡ


27 ֮
һ·ĳ㣬ȸʱٶ˰ΰѵĻ״̬
ƻ˷ʯȴĲӲ֣۾ֱֱضƻΣֻܰ븩ϸغֺòãϢ
Ȼһƽȴûƻ˼¶ܵ׷⣬ͼͱƻһЩٽһЩᵽĳԽԽ࣬ɾһѭ
޹ƻǿȥ֡
մ壬⾹ۿһ죬ʹƺ߳ʶΪʵض˵ֻҪСƻҶˡ
㱧ҲðƻΣһЭˣˣȻɡ
˭ԭΨһһΪԭ𻹴ˣģϾ˵Ժ󻹵鷳ҲԼ
Ѿҩܻ̲סʱٳû뿪Ҷ֪֮ȥˣҲûʲô
צƵıƻȣƻϷܵӦţȴڷ¼ķ֪˶ã򲻳ˡ
ܡ
šţ
ʲô
ʶӷг룬ƻɻͷȻ˶ˡ
ʲôչ
ͷȴڴˣԺؿʼƻƻסʱѾϣù̵ȥ
ƻܿ񣬱ܿͳ⣺
ĲˣҩЧķӦԿƣֻƬ̣κʵϸ׵°ͣڰҡҡ׹
ϣһʹ࣬ɤӻ
ſոһ˵ӣңݺݺһƻȡ
ƻ¿ˮȻ˶ɫ۾ң
ɹԹΨƻʱֵú޷Ӧ
֮£ƻֻȥˣûƶ
һʹˤƻһ´ڳûħצǱ˵ǽߡ
£ڻָ˵ǣʶԼʲôһ˲ǳѪɫƻһװ
Բ𣡡ú޲˽ᡣ

ԴϴαžϷˣ֫ӴʲôģƻȻеľˡ
˶ԾʼԼǲԾǸȻѲ裬С
ƻޱת򶴿ڣúϢ˵ˡ
Сܲ
ƻܣ
նض¾仰ƻˡ
ΪԭɲҪΪⶾϽڲ١
ջǰԡ
ƨܲˣ

뿪ȸƻûл޻ʮ˶һ⣬͵͵ʣ¼ûչصг衣
֣ûһʺһ˫޵ġ
˯ƴ￴Ǹ֪ĶˣˮںƴＫпܱɱ˫ۣ˯һ
ĶĽֻ㣬ߵһռƻǶԭܶ߶߶ķŸе飬ڵ֪𨻹ó֮󣬸ͷѲ˯бԷ¹ơ
ľջסֻոճ͵ľջ޺ģҲʵ޺ξǸޣ˵˫޷Ǳ˫ޣƻҲһأսջҲų⡣
Ÿг趼ڱչأƻתһȦЩеļžޱȣеı֣еıֲƣеȴ𿾡
ƻóۣЩ˶ͦġ
·Ĺ˵ӵǰЩóһеĴǲ繬
ƻµĲʺƨˣʣΪʲôչأʲôʱ
˵ǹ˺ȻĬشʱҲЩȣλ˿Ǿýͬ˫ޣѡչںʱءӦǿˡ
ƻһ㶣ûɣչزոصô
˽͵ݸضĹ˵֮Ľƣλ˿Ҫǿгˡ
ΪʲôҪǿгأƻʣˡ
˲֪ƻʣйȴҲ˾Ųʮ
֪ȣǿûܣҲṬ볤ΪУ֮Ǹ̥ģа취
ƻʲô취
۵׺ȻһƬɫǿгأʶܵɣӦۿۣһ飬˲ʿȥԱͨͨըλ콾λըһλҲ´࣡
ƻ
ֱ˿̣ƻŵһȫ˳һЩ˲ǴһĲʺƨĸԸΪ˱ֻ
аӦñС˲Ϊ𡯵ԭô
Ȼôƻ鼫临ӣ̲ס𵤶ѣòȥ
򲻹ô
֪ǹƻڹǣ˲˼ѪƵģжֿЦõǣҿл֣һֱأʱը

ˣɡ
֪Լĳ籦ʺƻʵųˣȺг췴ìͷҲָ˴ˣ籦ʹȨ
ڳʵûʲôΣգÿ˯˯ϷͺˣҲôõģԲߵôѡ
Ȼôһѣƻʶûô򵥡
ȷûΣգɳĵӾ͵ùˣ֪飬ҪԱһ䵥˻Ҫ˴ɱԺ˵׼ɵս䲻ʲô³Ͷˡ
ƻմԽ죬׿ӣڳĹҲ治ɫɱ֣»ɱһаΪ
ǵġƻ̾˿ֲԭⲻǿе°ô
ʣЩʲôʱأ
˵Ӧ³
֣ƻŲһתԷȥըˣ˶˰ɡ
Ȼɻ󣬵Ҳ棬ǲ룬һҲûͬƻ˵ĻᣬԶԹķԸģ¾ʹȥˡ
Ȼȥ˲ٵطǰԷһ·ƻɾý磬࣬ʲô׸ϣʱ˳
ȵȡ
ƻǰȻɲ
ף
Ǻȷʵٶˡ
أ

ͬһʱ䣬С
顪
ƽȻըѣ쳹
Ѫɫ֮䣬ԡѪһֳֽһֽһžڵָѣȻգҲ޷ѹڲɢħΪ϶ѻħԽ
ѪζܿޣʱȻ¾ħҲ볤ǰƺֻʣһ·
۵һƬڣƽ޲ڵ֮󣬺Ȼһ򾱲ɴƬѪ
ɢƬѪҺ䣬Բ޸Ŷ˶ӡ
𣡣㣡
̫ˣҺ˳ϵ䣬бŷ̰׹⣬ȳԴͷ񱼶
һֻͨӨ¹ϵİɵѪȴûйֻǲԶش䡣
Ĵ֮壿Щ⣬漴ų¹߽һƬѪۡ
粻ʷŵȣҲ֮֡
֮ʿĻԵ󲻽ʶʱȻȻʵһ㣬ٶȼ죬Բ׽˵޷ǿƽֻ
вٵӼֻ֮壬ÿζֻǾһƳ¹ͣ½ŲҵĶ
ԽԽ¹һѪ˸ǵĹ⡣
˵ѪģͬԺ˵
׷ˣͬ˽Ҳ𽵹󣬼ˣǰʱΪ̣ǲ鲻Ըصͷ
Ȼ
ݡ
⻮ա
ЦЦؿǹڵء㵵¹ͷһʼɢ
ʲô֮壬Ҫ
õĻԵǱڵ壬ʬ𼣲źá
ʱƣΪĵ𽥸ֳһֻֻ̬졢ð̹۾
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˺ЩԶѹƲס䴹ĿૣĴǶ
ѹΪֻ֮ͬ¹մħԽŨȴڵĽ𵤷תͣѳϸƣȴվͣƵӤ֮ǰ
Щźһ㡣
һ㣬Ҳˡ
ħͻϽ̧ͷһȦ˲ԶԪӤķɻϣʱԾ
֮Ұһԭ

ƻææҵʱĿһ޲ʬֻʣŻѪζ
ƻ￩һ£ô£
һЮѪ΢紵ɫ԰ףЩ͵³
ˣÿһֻϻմȾħһΪħˣħһ˿ڱ뵲ɢҪܾòĥ
ħ崳룿޲ħ
пܡ
һμ˲ҵĻ棬ƻƽ˺һľỽŪС꣬ʶʬѰȴԽ
ʬвֹ𵤾ϢһͷʵԪӤޣ˵ħҲԪӤĺǱУ˳׶༪١
ƻмȻںޣֲһ˿ңһǶڰ·ءԣҲһ԰ġ
˵ǡ
һһҰο·۹ķ̣·һֻϻʬʱȻһϸ΢̽
໡
ƻȻһ飬ֱƿǳ˳Ĵϻǰ¶һֻҽ˺۵ĺꡣ
˵üأӶ㱻˰أѪȾó죬ħְī
ô˳
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һԣƻ޴룬зŨŨĸУһ߶ݹ⳯ɣһǸ
ԡԲҲð£ҵĴǿһǧˡҿɾȥߣĺˣ

̫յЩѪ
Ĵ٣ɲɣǰһ
³Ӿɺޣĥɭɭİһڿסƻ֡
ˡ
㡣



28 ͬ
Ա˺ݣԼҲµȥ֣ϽЩ˺ӣŨħҲᱻմȾħ
ΣգƻԷԷһʱ·ͥԺóȳˣٸ
䲻ˡ
ħֻһĥװһˮѧҲ裬ȡˮʱ컯εĽΪŨֶ
ˮһƻԼ˽ȥ
Ǳɺ׵ȥֺͼʮֻҰɱò񻰣ֲþܲˣƻôϣ־ÿɰСʣëͺˣղŷʲôħ֣
ֿʼ
۾û
ƻܿ˿ڸ裬Ҳǹⶪģʱûע⵽㲻Ұɣ
䱳ЦæźǷ˴ΣĻעġ
϶Լǳˣƻ˴ĺףֺã֪϶С۵ĺ꣬úóôʲô⣿
ˣϴ׽㣬³ô
ˮĽԣɪɪ
бؼ˰Ľ𣬺Ӷ£ƻѭһϽֻͣУֻǣȻҸץֻͨģζһ
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ħħ֮㡣
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ģƻ˵ˣóСۣջؾӼë
Сһûֺܿʹ˸飬Ƥ֮µ˽λҲûŹƻ굽Ǵʱ۾ĿȴֻһɵЦ
ˡ
ֱǶţ١
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ĴŽǷƨ
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屻֮йƻŽðڵ̱°˫طĴҲԽ档
ֱʮ꣬ƻֺȻԪӤףΪһλ֮ͻԪӤľţһҹĿĽ㡣
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Ȼۣƻ
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ƻͻԪӤ꣬˽籾£ȴ轵ʮպ˽˶ëѩǧľװعӺҲһҹɱ֮󣬳ӱ㴫ƻͻԪӤϢ
ʮͻԪӤƻΪĿԭ򣬶ǰʮֳĶʮðԼ˫طֻΪ˿ͻٶ̵棬Ϊˡã
϶ƻ˫ط϶ٶȿΪեȡһŵΪȻڼǰˮڵƴݷ䣬ȵʮ¯λʦΪǵûе䣬ͻƵ˽𵤺ڡ
ٶȣԶƴ֮ʱΪţ
ȻеƻǼٵģǴе˫طΪβǼٵģ
ȻͨʲôһžƻƻúҪʲôϵĽеǰ


⧲촽һڡ
ƻȻϲëףûϲںϸĳ̶ȣֱĨ죬Լʩ˵ѵôĶ򣿣ﲻ򣡡
Ŷ䣬ȴ˼
ͷϸЩħƻ죬ħ㲻ˣ˫طե¯Ϊȴϵħ
Ϊʲô
˵̧ͷĿƬźϺϵɫ촽ϡ
ƻϡܡ

˵ĺ갲Էƻ·԰
һʱȥ԰ѾҲʬ壬ֻʣһظɺԵѪʾһѪɱ
Щ޵ʬ϶մħƻȷʳûӰ죬ǵͷǰ֣ڴһлӡ
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˵Żлӻ̧һƣʣио
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ôһ˵ƻŻȻѹ֮ǰħɸʱûʲôо
꣬лбҾΪ
ƻعҪͷƳлҪתڵԼմֳҶ֮ĿڵǸǸӦڴܣ
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ֹлӣճҶ֮ҲʣҲù滨ôôˣ
ƻ²ۣ֪ĻΪгأһߣ⹬Ȩûˡ
ǰλƲ磬ɷǺΪҲǰ취˵ףЩҲΪ籦ʹȨˡ
ƻʱ˽취ɤӵˣҲˣ˫ʵڲһ
һ䣬Ȼžޱȡ
ڴȺɢޱȹ졣
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ƻ˿Щڣ򶨵ӦùİɣǲģС
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ڳĿģֻΪƻѣƻôƻиƨĹϵ

лҪ˵䣺Ϊʲô˶ţһڽգ
ɣȡ˵ţȴֻ㡣


29 躹
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30 ˽
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Էǳȫĵطⱻԭ磬˶ԪӤʿӲҲúķһ
ƻչصĵһգԷ;ۼг裬вδƴˣҢҲ˳Ⱥ֮С
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ߵջسʱʾ֭ͻȻи

ˣȴû
ƻת治ɫĲ˵λѲÿС


31 Խ
ƻʱ˵˼άԭĳұ鲼磬û˻뵽˸ҶųͷֻܰϳЩǵĳҡ
봫еƻȻͬΪƻõĳ˽־ͷӦңǱȻѪ𣬶߾Ͷˡ
ŵֻǸ̤޵֮·ķˣ˵̫ңԶǽڷ±ϲ˵һ磬Զȫûж롣
ƻٶ¶ֿʼ㱣Լп»ݷޣҲҪѰˣ֪ܷǽͬУ
Ҳعվ˵ԡԣǻ֧ʯ꣡
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ųӱץƻϢһ͡
˻ͷȥһͷͿ˼ͬС˵ʲô˴Σգ֮±Щ뿪գ
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Ҳ˵üˣ˵أһûа֪ûлῴ
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ܺȿɰĪġе㷳ˣͺƵġ
ƻһڤ˼ģ΢΢˸ʱȥĴöίд˼˿ϷʣҺòѧģ㲻ϲ
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ñɴµСռ䣬ƻ޿ɱܣټ⼸ձ͵ϮЩľĨ˰죬Ƶ˵ǲҪû¾ͱ˵˰ɡ

ĺĻˣƻ͵ĴֻҹеһҾͻܣûϵ

Ц쳣ƽ˵ˣȥ
ƻҲû˵ʲôźȥ˸ڡ
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߽䣬ƻ궪ڴϣһȦڻµȻȥǼˡ
˵꣬߳䣬ֹţԭظڵϢ
ϵëЦЦֽӳŵӰ
˵ʱʱ죬ƻȻ¥ӣ˸죬Ծϴ⣬ȥ
˿ջſڣƻȴûܳȥ
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Ϊ׼׽£ϽԴŶñ󷽸żߣű÷ջ˸ɨ
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ǵù⾹ȻˣƻӣҲûȥԷǸм£
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ͬʱ˷Ҳ˹
˶ߵջſˣȻͣ½ŲżñƮŵġԽ֣һ
̲ס۾Խң
Ҳס㵣ĴҲǶȥˮôԽҽôɽˣ
ɫƮ˻Խλӣ
߶·±δʦûԽӵ֣ȴ˰ҵǼ֡
˰
Խҡ


32 Ϊ
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Сһ˸ĺӣƻ̲סʣʲô
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ħƻûʲôӰ죬ܣһн˷Ƥӵðġ
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ЦЦƻҲĴҪұ㣿
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ƻˣȻұأٶһΣյĴɣȰѷɵǹʹϸҲ£ûʲôʵʵĴۡ
ȻѾ˦ֻܽȨɽɴѡ³죬·Ҫ죬԰ɣ
£ֳ°ͣʾ˵
ƻμӴѡҪûУ죬취Ū
ɫ˲ˣбȥɽûлԲȥʦ
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ƻȻҪȥǿ˷ɣبŲĵ
Ҳڵɽȥ
䶨һͻȻ𴽽ǣЦ绨Ǻ꣬ҪԼ취ɡ
˵գĴ˸ǷƾҪȥ˯ƻȴͻȻһվ˶٣ȥ
һϮѩߵǰµһ˵Żˮĺ촽һħ
˿룬ƻޱؿűס䡣
죬ȥŪ


33 аŮװ
ķ廨ţҲǶֶƻûӦòǶõĶʵ֤̫ˣⶫִ֤һα졣
Ϊ˱ħ˾ÿһֽ֮жע˵ϢϢӳ㱻עУ޷滻ˣϢԶ𣬻Ҳֱˡ
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СӴڣëմ˵գǱһڽƤֽµƻűߡ
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ƻϲôģ
ͷģǱ˭׷һ·ʱŵÿʩ˵ӺΣһĻ
Ͻע룬һòˣ
̶̼룬Ƥֽôһ㣬ƻϽϢעУȥϵݡ
ˣɽ֣ĸ׺η꣬308³ߣ
근ʮˣԱŮ
ƻգգ۾ֲĵࡣ
ԱŮ
䲻֪ʱóڿ治ɫһͲˣŮ
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֮ǰɽԽ֮Ҫ˳ҪרעΪƣսҪλά֣ߺһˡ
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ûעʦʦõɫ˻ڽϵĳɫ룬̧ͷ
ʱ䲻ˣ·ɡ

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ִʮŴѡһΣͻȥɽȴɽŴ󿪡
ƻȻ˵еִĸ߿ڵϿЩѧҲǰͻᶩѧУľƵ꣬µʲô״̬á
ߵĲ̺ܼªϾɵľΣҡҡ׹ľһɫͲǴˡ
ʱĲ˼¨ͷɽҰԷʲôһŮװƻ濴˺üۣҲѹ
СڵΪƻ˺裬ҪҪӺ̶⣬ƻ볢˵Ǹеģ±ɱ̬
һʱĬСŵţþִٲΪŮͷ϶ʼð
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ͬʱƻ־תͷ俴ܿʲôһ˫۾ֱȴȹӰŮӵĲʸͻȻ˴롣
ӿռŮװ·ôģµΩΩФ
ƶҲŮˡ
ٴα۾Կǿȴƻ˵һ䶼꣬졣
ƻʣΪʲôŮˣ㲻Ƕˮ𣿻˵ʲôġŮݣ
ԭҲûд©ˡ
䲻ˣƻҲûȤС죬˳Ȼ豭һڡ
ʿԣ㲻͵ĻǴĶС
˵ǼСҲȥʦɽˣ
ɲǣ͹ȥģǵ˵СԵҲ֪ļٵģ
͵ְɣһסզǼٵģǼҳ˸Ҫˣ
ӡ֣ƻһвˮʪȹ
䶶ۿһۣҲһ١
ƻ촽΢ţԲضһ㣬ñס⣬ȴڲס۵׵Ĳ١
ƻúЩȡ
ԽǵһνӴǡ
ʲôɽҰԷǷ



34 ɽ
Ա߾ǵĵ
ʶһ㣬ƻ̲ס⼸˵ĶԻǴ˶ǵĴţûȤ
䷴Ӧ񣺡ʶӣ
ƻһ飺ʶ
䣺ʶôʲô
ƻûС
ƻԵؿʼԳԺȺȣ仹׷ʣѺĻ˻ȥ
Զʱƻһֱ˼ܲܽǵĵǲϵûɣͬˡ
Ӵ鲼ոɹڵĲϻһ㺹飬һСЩִٵͣ˾ƻһ׵ĵط
ҲҪȥɽ
ƻͷ
һζ䶯ӣƻһͷ
ǺЩ죬˼ͷǼСҲȥɽʦˣʱߵü̲ãҪҲҪȥɽ֪ܲܰﰳȥ
˵ŻӽеĲӵݸƻ
һЩͭѣ˲ƻֵǮֻĵɽܷӻ̲Ժӣѽı˽ȥ
ƻȻæ˵ֱ͵Ļᣬӹӣֵ˵ͷ
ллҼһӴúܾ񣬸Ҳߣܺҵģ
˾ʵûһȥɽֺǺǵػųԲˡ
С٩ˣΪͼͭ廹СϱأСȷʵÿģ˵ܳɣ
ƻ
аɣҲûôʵ
Ϣһֿʼ·Сˣƻòͭ壬ͳʯϣʯ˸ĹΡ
ССĲͻȻˡ
Сֱʯڼ۾ɵùԲˮһء
ƻΪóһš
̾˿ˣߡ
һʯܰѲ̯ŸǸϷһһˣʳĹѧỨǮնڵԩͷ
˻ɵ㶵ؿţ˵ˣƻʯˡ
ٴοʼ·һ죬µβͣ˵ɽɽǰ
ɽîʱŻ򿪣ҹȴѻ˳ɰǧķˣֺİʯɽ֮䣬ңɽһʯɽƲֱ񷣬ɽ֮ߣɽ׽ܿһؽ
ɽķ˻ѧԭشֶܹһټš
ƻŻɽµıľһһŮλʿûʲô˱ڱĿ
ƻûѧŮֻȸ䴫ԭò
ã뱨ɴѡ
УԵľʣ֡

ۣȴһƻˣ
š
ñժˣôֻꣿޣ
ͨĳ
ʿùʼֽϵǼǣƻժñۣһʿëգûȥ
ԱߵŮʿûȥͿʦֳճɵɵλϣ̤𵤣ʶǧߣʧ̬ʱ
ʦ֣ôˣŮʿ⣬˳ȥƻƻѾñˣֻһɴ
ᣬɴһŮƮ㿴òŮʿҲǰöû˻
Ҫʲô⣿
ûûС
ʿ԰ٶΪƻǣʱˡ
ˮܲʲôͺˣԣ˻ʦþʣǰ;
Ϊֳɷǣ˶޵֮ʿѾ˰ˣͻȻ˷Ůʿе㻳ʦֱˣ
Уѡûʼأôͽʦˣ
ʿСҲڰעƻˮڳγɾı˪ۣ˲⣬ȴҧŵӵһ
Խǻ˱ռĸƻֻʣһˡ
ƻ޵ò̫ڣǱתˣ俴ɫͻȻצӹʾԶЩ
֣ȥû˵ĵط
Ϊʲôƻ⣬Ⱥء
䣺㲻ѧŮ˵ôϰ
˵ȷʵܲ㣬ܲһֱ䵱Ͳպ鷳ƻϱԹֽ߽ɭ֡
ͬʱ㳡ԶԽһԭش
Ҫƻһ죬ƻɽԽұע⵽Ϣȴû뵽첻ƻͻȻӳۻ˳ȹ
Խ½ƻıӰ˵磬˵ϢǵʼļһǱ
Խңš
Խ¹ߣƲԽңȥһɫƣ
ɽǱȻһţͬɵӱ㲻˽ҪƻѵΨһĻᡣ
ԽƻԼԽʱ޶ԵķӦöԷ̫ͨķˣǱѧ壬㲻һĶ֡
ԽһҪǿֱվˮľ˫Ҷˣôܴ򲻹
ԽתֻһۣԽһ㱻ˣӣֻŵСȡ
磬ܲǸô˵㣬˵Сۣ˵ڼӣ˵㲻ҡ
ᣬԽֱ룡
Խֶһ£ίͰͣȷʵô˵ġ
Խ˼Ƭ̣ͻȻˣȥ
֮΢ĸӦƻһˣҵдδ˵ֲͨǰ㲻ȡ
۵ɫѭƻʧķȥ

ƻףһʯҵ˴˵ĵط
ӦϢȷûб˺󣬴£ͻȻΣƻûȷӦ㱻ʯͷϡ
ɫࣺɴѡһض취ɽѰоף֮Իֲ֮ӽ磬ɽʱܿһһ
ƻԭ￴ŵһأǵҲҹ;ǲѣǸûǶǲԸĹ
˵ʱȥĸǲðɾˣ
ƻʼ룬ΪԼСģɽʱֱӺ˵ã֪ˡ
ͷͻȻժͷϵñ˸ˣƻͷƤ飬Σӿ
˵ѰϣһħܱɽĴܲ
ƻԣ
䣺ˣ̫ˣóڶһ㡣
˵֮ʱ˵ľ벻ƻ޺ɫ촽ۺ죬ӲͷƤȥ
ȻӦˣǺԼġ
˫һĻõͺͲҪǮƵɣ˼ƻоˣ̧ȥˣ侹һ£ʯͷϣ˵弸ûм϶
ƻüȴԵԵķ˿ǰӨĶָ΢һöɫ׹ƾ֡
Ū£˹ظƻϣ𼱣һ
鷳
ƻȥһֻ۾棬գգۣһشŮޣѵ뱻ʶƣ

ȹӶˣҲԶˣƻϻǽܲˣܸоԼ̬ԹԵؿʼ
аŮװñеţúõˣƳ˱̬
ֻǵĶħʱκֵľٶ̬ʱȥʲôģ˫ߵһҲ޲ҡεĶ׹ϣշ
һ
ȻڸԽǿɲ
ֻѩŮӱһĨ޺ʯͷǣ޷֮ģ˳ӵ㡣
ԽֻһۣûϸٿȻת뿪ñ֮Ŀ
ʧ
ƻΪòΪƻǸ֮ˣҲǸѡ֮ǰ̰˰ˡ
лҪ˵ԽңûӦ϶Щɫ˲ͬ
ƻСˣһǸʶħŵָɶӦ


35 Ի֮
һħ˿ħʺɫԽˣԭŷֵòҪɫ
뿴µһ˵ƻò˵ǻҲ֮飬Ĳ˵Խ񣬱˵δĳ
Ҳڿ֪뵽ʲôҹɫ£⸱ģûܿǸӡ
ƻһƤЦⲻЦʱҲû˿óǸˣϻˣϽô 
һֻͻȻסʱƻһΪһԲϾҪɱֶȥνˣͻȻ˵ʲô
ĴָĦϸ׵ĲζؿһۣѹסһѨλ˵ԡ
ƻ
ƻ
ģ˵ʱԼһ
䣺˵֮ǰסס𣿡
ƻûסÿ֣Լ˼ΣȴҴλãȵȣٰһ顣
ûֱƫͷҧһڣȻָӡ


˵˵ȷʵһ¾ͼסˡ
ƻһѽƿûñϣ侯棺ɽ㰲ֵ㣬ǱˣǾ͸ܸģ˭Ҳָ˭
Цһغģ
Ǻǡ
ɵĻƻһֶԸš
ϾҪʽӴɵÿʼԭеľ飬ԽΪһֱǺûϵǵһȥϸ롣
硷Ǳǵ͵ѪŰģΪʲô˵ǷǵأΪԭԻƻĶдȥˡ
ǰһǿ˵ȫϣûħͷģܰͰ޵֮·ԽԽԶ䲻һ׳벻ñŰŰģջһʬ޴³
ƻ̼һĻһΪʦ桢뾭ѵֻڵؽݷ꣬ڴǧħ֮жһ׹콣顣
ʱʶħʴȻ֧飬صúһѪˣ󣬱㱻ٻħһ˵طҽ
ֱһ̣֪һΧǱõԾ׷·졣
˼ٳҽ䣬Ϊߵģʱ̣ˣѪ۵ģǲ̫ˡ
߾ȫ¶һĨЦǿ˵û¡ȴͬˡ
úϢɡ
õһԾϣΪ꣬սľ׹ҽʬ޴档
׹һ֮ǰǺȻıӰ
ûлһͷ
ȻǱԡˡ
ǰıī࣬Ҳ㹻ŰƻҹҧűǴûԡ
˵֮ȡǰĽѵӦǹ⻷ܷϣҲһһʹ࣬ŰŰģڵѹͬڣ
Ȿ顭ûС
֮ǳ˸Ҳʲô鰮ȻȻ̤ȴƫڴʱ˲˼˰Թ⻷
ȻЩĽǵ˾ƽ̯˱еŰŰģ򹷷ˣһִʵԡ
䣬ɹ⻷Ȼвǹ⻷ȷʵǺǵ򹷴ݺݱأŰˣ˵Űȴá
ҲǸУ㱻ǲڵʣҲܺ߳ܵػԿЦһ˵ʲôģ
һŪȥǵľһˡ
ֱƭ˺üβų͸֮󣬺ı磬λ׷ӵĹѪ
ÿĽǵ˶ȥ鷳ҲвջԵѰ׹콣Ľ飬յõ׹콣޳ħ֮ӣг˷
䵽ûбŰġԭ˵硡
ĺᴩɽ˴ս֮ʱ䱾лնɱǣָʺȴһ˲˲űǷɱԱը硣
ƽĶ߼ᶨΪվǰˣһ˲ĳɾ֤ݣԱΨǻҲ֤ݣ߶ԴûͣƺĬˡ
ƻûԭ飬ǵĹߣûʲôϵֻμǸ͹ˡ
صɽ£ҲȺ۵ԽһУŲ˶٣ñ֮Щɡ
ԭûΧ˳һ£ԽұҲûɽ治ǵûԽҡ
ԽҶ˰ˣӦеİɣ
òúԽҲʶһ£˵ʱʶЩ޺
˼ȥƻǷˣԽǴϢЩƣûٶ࿴˿þԶЩϢȴŵɽſš
ʱ˶ӣ̫ǣѰ˵
îʱէ֡
һ죬ɽŻ򿪣һɣׯϵ쳹ǧ˶ϡ
˷أط죬취ȻѰ֮·ԶΨȻ֮Բſ;Ѱ֮ݣῴĵ֮Զ
˱֮޷䣬ֻа˻Ѱݡ
ƻûʲôӰ죬֮ǰϵ꣬Ļһ
Ǿѹ˵ͷʲô磿
ԪӤ
̧䣬ܿջߣЦ߰ɣȥЩ϶
Ѱݶڶ˴粽УڲıȻƻְϻļ˵ƽˡ
һ죬ƻǵٶȣŲ
ȻѰݼȳҿҲûƼǵӰԽҵԽңһֱǰ棬̨׵ľ롣
ڶ죬ƻȵһĥˣһͣ³Ե㶫һװԽһͷΣԽԽʧ󳹵ƻûӰ
죬ƻó͵ĸɱ˳Ĭоϵɽѵһֱǰͷ
ԥǽŵȻǿ첽ʱܵľͻȻ˱仯
ɽһ㲨ԽԽŨܿûҰڵһУҲ̴
ƻͷ֪ʱϵĺ꾹ˡ
ͻȻһӰ
ƻΪ٣۾һתͷһȴһѪ£Ѫ䡣
㡭ͻȻθʲôƻʡ
ûлشĻò͵ʹţŨħʼܿ콫ס
ȻƻͼͻȻ𳤽׷ɱ
ͬ˫ޣȻҾɱ㣬һµ
ƻ˰㣡
ƻ侲л
ô˵Ǿ䣺˫ޣҶħ
Īʲô裬ƻ̬ըˣ֮ûشΣҸ˭Ҳޣ
һܾ񱻴ʲôأһħһͳ˹ֱӰͷϵñһ 
㡢ģ쵰
ͬ˫ޣ
߿
ƻŵɫҰףǰʲôѰݡʲôǣɴѡԺ˵Ⱦܣ
Ӿһ뷨ĵ·ˣ߻ħˣħͷҪһŹ
ӺѰһء
ߵЩѵԽͻȻӦʲôûȻͷȥһӰôߴ˹ȥ
ƻͷ󺹵سܣΣգ
Խһ㶣ʶҲŷӦѰʲôΣգ
һͷƨûС
Լղʲôڹȥˣ

ͬʱɽڣһŹֵעǰĿ֮
̲סʣСһԻ￴ʲôˣôܵøֻƵģ
ϼ˵ԻܹеӦǱ˿־֮飬ǺֻԼ֪
سǣЦ˶Իס˽Ųã־֮׷ܣѰݵѹˣѵõıĸҪ
λԼͬƳ۷Ȼյģֺܹλ
Կ־֮ֻ֪ǱӣӭѶϣȵӲҳ塣ûٿƻǿλڵڶԽҺ
Խʶʱ̾裬ûܵԻӰ죬򱻹еİ֮飬ȴԱ߲ҧ
Ƴ۷νʼ磺֪ô˵ˣԼѡɣҿ˼ҲһϹŰ嵱ʦ𡣡
лҪ˵𣺴ӲУӭѶϡ
ƻզӭжϣȥϣ


36 ǧһ
˵ĹƻѾ˵ɽ
µس󿴣û䣬ֻһֻϵĺꡣ
䲻֪ڼҪЦˣƻĻþҲҪΪƻͲڻþﱻ׷˫дˣ
ˣûǴĻߵľԻּ֮Ի㶼
ƻ䣬ֿ˿󷽵ѰݣѺʶʲôγǣȣҲʧ
仹˵ӦǰϢ
ɽ֮ϣɽۼڲԶΧۡ
ɴѡʮһȣé®ֳܻЩ֣֮ôѵһĳ棬ɽϾĵӼˡ
ڵһɽţʦʦһȲʹһ£ɵƻǶʱȴֻѻȸ
ƻͷϵñûһȴԼˣѰݵĿ֮£Ҳû취ǣôӭ˵ɽڡ
֮⣬û˶Ҳû˵
ԶֻһȺɴ˫ۣſʧ̬ӡ
ƻеˣϵĺ걧ﵱƣǿʲôұ¶ˣ
û֪ſ
󷽣ԽҽɽԶǰɽƻʱֱϷˣ˵ĸоǰ춼ʵ㵽˭
ƻعͷ׹ϱɫ龧ڿлһ仡ߡ
ȻԽҲĬˡ
ԽҼЩסɫջˣЩɵˣʱȴ֮һ
Ϊһ
ŮӴϼѩһʱʾϸҲղľ޹ھﲨת֮䣬ɫµ̶棬īȹѣ粻ʳ˼̻ɡ
һ˵ɫܸסɽ֮ϵ⡣
ĿƣעƻЩмܲסƽʵָȴһֱĺ䡣
Խҵʻɴûأװ
ֹһеǵӰһѰݡ
ƣĿ꺹£һɽʱڵأ˫ֳŵ
ҳɹˣɽ֮ϵأΪװȣѹϲ֮
ƻɫع۲Ƭ̣оǰǺܿԸǶˣǰ̽ǻ𣿡
ͻȻ˻Сɻ̧ͷʱˡ
ƻ΢鲼ڴ˹ȥת㣬ӣӦЩԵġ
룬ƻһ䣺ҽҲǸĵӣɽ·ż
û˵ֻɵؿƻĵ˰죬ǾǺһ䡣
ɡŮ

ǰǱƻеƤ£ƻҲñֵ̫ڡ
ʱǰΡٴǵɣϵɤ
·Զ⣬¶֮⣬δڣͨѰݵĿ飬ʦˡ
꣬ȴûж
ƻæŴԽڿƬ̺󣬱ӵջˡ

ʶڲμɴѡһӹƻеİ˾лŴȴɫΡ
Խ֮۵װһϸߣҲŽȥʦˡ
ǰԽñڵֻԵЦ
ڳé®꣬ɫջ󻹵вǶ޵֮·ȿԸıɴѡϵв
ƻζᰡôӶŹ
ƻ㱻ˮǺ
һۣϵģȴ΢΢һĳˣ졣
ɽĵӷֻΧۣΧۼ۷׷ףƻΡʱ˸£
ʦðݵ˰ɣǷƽʱ𿪲ɺɽʯǮҪҸÿ¶һʯ
ʦҲͣ㿴ڷ±ûʦϱˣͱչرǸرӵء
û˵꣬ΡͻȻһƣֱӽɵ˾⡣
Ŀ𳤣ӹȥʮʯ
ٵӼžƬ̣ܿΪɽӵĵ˿û򱻷Ӱ顣
ʦûɣǷʦ콾˼Դأ
壡ǷȫߣĻ㿴𣿱˱ȻдĻʦһҪѡ𰡣
ʦñǵģƷ
ɽƻΪЩ֣ƻ˶ɵˡ
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Щ˵̬ȣѲʧԼ
ڣ֮޿̣һֻӰֱӽƻΡΧ۵ȫɡ
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ֻӣʹһϵɽƻԵˡ
Ҫ֪ǰǳδʱһֱưϸͻƼ¼ıߣǵ֮һ콾Ȼڽ𵤰Ϸֱƻ䳬Ҳλڵš
޵ҪȽһԵҲδʱƻλõĸо
֮ƻӱΧ۱˱λΧۡ
ǼٵģΪǼٵģҲǼٵģһЩԪӤ𵤾ʿţЩţ˽ĺꡣ
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û䶼汩¶ħ֮Ӻͳ֮䣬ҪɱҲɱǰߡ
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ΪŮӵϼЩͷۣˣɽôһλҲ֪Ǻǻ
ֺǺǵؽӣȻǺ£ᣬ˵׼ܴһ䲻⡣
˻ΪͽܽҶ̶ƻۣ֪ĵӷʲôˣʲôЩ¶б𣬡ֻ
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û˵ĲƴڻɽʦҪ̣ҪƻԼѡ
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ƻڲ£պ󶨵ڷĽ̵
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ԣ಻֪ıһȣ˼ȣƳޱķᣬ˳ɷǵģԭˣȷʵȷʦƵö࣬˰ˣҲɡ
лʦ𣡡
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֮ǰԼ˵֮ݵһǡ
һߣƻҲûԽ¶˵Ž˷䡣
ûôѰʦ£ϸһɽЩܻû󹬵гΪߣʵҲΪ˵ӵĴС
ص䣬ƻ½磬һȷһĽμǽʶ
ӱҵë㵽ɽʲô
ƻ˸õĽڣҶ֮˵ɽ׹콣ټҡ
䶯һ٣ۣɫǰǰĴţɽ类ˣûҵ顣
һأҲţ׹콣ûȤ
һ㡣
Ŷƻƭӡ
ֹһΣƾɴţ졢
бڴߣ˵ұɫ֮һʮһȵᣬϽԿɲμӣҪμô
ƻû̧ͷҲμǸʲôʱܻۣһô죿
һĽǽؾһ£ؾֹϢ
ƻָһ٣Ȼ䣺Ҳμӣ
䳯һЦظҲš
ԭ֮УڰϽʶģĴԼڵ㣬Ӯ˽ؾĻᡣ
ƻһֱΪʶΪӽ˿̲ף˰֪ؾһ飬һʼǲ⣡
еƾǹ⻷õؾеĽ飬ʮ֪ʲô뿪ؾ֮󣬱صɽѯʦ𣬽·ż䡣
Ļз֮ģ㽫¸䣬ʱ¾ʶ׹콣ȴ֮ӣȻǵһŰС
һֱþԼûɶϵƻͻȻһص⡣
Ǻǰ˰˵ĳȻ䶯Ӯ°ᣬؾеûõ飬ǽ
ƻڤ˼֮ʣͻȻһ˵Уöر׽ɽŲ֪ɽĵߺһ
һڷ±ʳ¯ˣ


37 дʷ
صñ˺꣬ʾƻ򿪽磬ȻӴ˳ȥ
һöֱɻشϣյط
ƻûеµԾ
Ƴһۣ֣һ𿴡
ƻԼȥҡ
±еǣȥԺתһȦܿʰһö
ԽҲʱ±ƻ棬Ȼ񣬽űǿ׳غѾˣԽӵʮ֮ǰˣ
Խ¼ΪԽ
ƻͷ˾䡰
Խһ죺˭Ҫ䣡˵Ѿܸʦѧϰˣ
ƻֵͷҲ֪룬˵˵ϲȥͦΣյģСĵ㡣
ԣԽɴӣ΢ţСԲԽԽ죬ָ㡱˰죬һţˤŻطˡ
ֵŮӡ
ƻһͷˮҲȥֽˡ
ڣڷ±Ҳ֪ʲôȷŹŹֲ٣ƻչţ㳯ƻ֡
ôˣƻ˹ȥ
±ƻߵʱͻȻֱһ죬˹ƻĲȣֱֱ˹ȥ
䷭ѹ£һֻ°ͣһ۰У΢ضơ
޳ָüβ湴գ۽ǡǼ⡢ķӯ촽־ɵ򦣬ǰ͸۵

ָʲôƻͷȥֱ֣䷴˴ϡ
򿪷±˰ʾ⣺ϰˡ
ƻһ㶣ϰ񣿡
ţǾײˡĦָ˼Ǹţ
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ߴ䣬ԽԽɻ󣬲ΪԼǰ˸ޡ
ôÿÿŵһƻĵ׷ʡ
ֱ׵һ㶣ƻȻǺܿһĨЦţܺÿҸÿ
ƻ۱߸ˣ
Ȼû̫߸ʱ䣬㸩
ʱ죬ȴֻƻһ俴ڷſյ۾΢ɲü
ħ˲촽ȴʹҧƻһڣ˫ɢ۾ʹ£չüĿ
˱ȴ͵˸Ŀ
ſЩ
¶࣬ƻһۣ鲻Ըſ죬
ɹħƻһſҪ˯ǡ
룡
Ŷ
ƻѹô߿ɺ꣬ȥ¡
ͷҲû̧ȥǱץĳӣ
ƻԡ
䣺ҵ֮أɽڶţͲ಻ǳصġ
ƻȻ֪ķҵغĪڱĵǰ̿ȴû취˾ȳ
ƻһζ׹콣һ
ûа취
һƬ߾Ǳ˴˵ĺ
ĬΣЦһЦƵ˵ɱ
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ⲻЦó˼
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Цת䣬ƻȥ
ˡ
ȡ裬һʼ˵˵ġ
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ЦģҲǣһˣȴܽѣ̴ͦãҪԼģ
һˣװģװĽˡ
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ҴƴҲڣ֮⣬ȺҲƸӦ˼ҢϢôȵǷкܶ棿
Դ˴˸ʺţˣϢҲɻ磡
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á
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˦˦Դظƻһţش϶ˣǼһ棬ֻ궼סûղŵĵҪ
ԣƻȴЩˣԵɽ⼸λ죬ˮں͵ɽ
֮һƬž
켸вѾľƻһڷɱıԵʶȤ
ˣͰ佻ȥǰ²
˱ȥˡƻһ䣬ȥˡ

¶գɽɴѡĻ
˴һʮŵӣʮŵӣˣˣ˫ʶʮˣԽҵļ룬ѡϲˣ˵ƻλ֮ϲ
ѡɽȴȴѡ֮ʱΪ֣Ǹ˼ѪƵÿڸϴ£ɽ֮صŲڶĹԭѹڶüˣ
˭˵֮Žһģֻõڷ±󣬵ɽµĿֵupupup
֪ȡŷʵʦɽûһȵùˮڣˢ¸ҲǱϡ
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һѾˮڣǵɽŵСʦã
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лСʦѡǵɽ춯أϲʯ˫͸ʦãʦµһ
ȻħˣһҪЦôд
ˮǽôһñôһǲʦ֪ˣڴñַר
ڵɽ·ŷҿ֮ʣڴˮڵӵ˵ɽԮ

Ρڣˮɫ࣬º罪飬˿ɫ̫ÿ
ĸ˱ЦñЦ
¸ߣƾȱ㽫˳еķ״Ʋ±ĵɽӣ˿ˮУѹһͽǱú޲Ҹطȥ
ˮڽǶԹŰ鷢ͣûĵɽ䳰ȷԹȻ˺ޣ
ˮڵϰ˳۵Ŀ⣬̧ͷ
ʱ˵⣬Ƚȱһλ֧ţϣɽĲܳڸ·ϡ
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ҷֳһԪȥ̽磿²а
һīɫ³ۣüĿ価ɽʵ֮ˣ˾ĸҹӡ
Ҳ֪ɽһӣæڽ̵ʵλȥʰɡ
˵գ˸ǷתߣͻȻڣ˵޵֮·裬Ѱı
Ųһ٣ɻͷˮУ
ͷһ񣺡ֻҪԸ֣ˮԸһΪꡣ
ʥɽ֮۵ͰҲֿȣֵʯȴмС
ЩĶƬ̺󣬵԰æҪһЩʱգڵɽԪȴȽԪٻأλȥȡ
飺Ԫںδܻع飿
𣺡ʥɽһأ°ɣȳһţ±ȥæ
ԥһ£ɲȽ֧ȥ̽ʣȻһ£ȿɷڵɽͬλдʵȲԪһͬǰȡ
಻ʾ⽪ԼͷŹǷҪߣ֮ǰͻȻʲôǵǹǲҲˣ
ϢȻһƬ̺󣬵͵͡šһ
ܲ˯˾ͷˣЩȥȡлˣ


38 дʵ
ɽռز糤ȹΡɽУɽ廷ƣֱǳ塢塢塢°׷ԼƷ塣
ˮձڲڵĲ塣
±ճ¯Ǽ죬弸˵ɽĵһ۹ʥأò֣еΪˮЦȴΪհλĵһˡ
ʦʦǵжأ
ߵŵһܣƻÿ춼ڼǮжȹ
һʯֵǮƵĶԺ䣬᲻͵ˣۿƻ֮ҲͳͳԺ
ͣͣģ
һƤӵʲô飿
ۣһ۾Ѫ飡
ʱ˴ʵλֻʣһӣ̱ŵأ˵һ˻ˣ֮ǰ뿴һۡ
Ǳ˽ɴѡ¼µƻǵӿ֮᲻ˣƾ־һƵҽѧ漣
Ȼ׷ţƻȴ֪
ΪǴԽƻֲȾ֮У̫üֱʵʣɽֻԶԶһս˱羵ˮ°ɢǰһлþ
ƻֻ֪ÿ춼סΧ·Ժд趷ϣÿֳʤӮҾͻᶪԺһʯͷ
ɽӣǳĴ
ƻնһʯͷϵݸһЦллʦ֡
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䲻ͷع˻ݣβݲݶȥЩߴγһˡ
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εԺУǮ
ԶԽ¿ʯսǬۺüѪĿ⣬̶һܣƻ׼ϰʯ
Ҫ֪ʿÿĲʯĴҵӵܣÿҲڼȡʮʯѡ
ߣúÿ˲𰡡Խǻ޷йϣܿ
ڶĴƻͷȥ
ȺһСסһĺܲ㡣
ѵûд裬ƻ룬Խ´ʦòôôûȥҲʦѧϰ
Խ±һƻ;Ͳʹˣʦæûս̵ӡгû·
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ƻƤһϸ֮£ŴԽ֪ˮɽԮһ¡
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Ӷȥ
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ƻƣʦôûͬ˵
񣬳ɴѡ죬ƻҲûûȥݷãҲδ
ԽҲЩ⣬ֲܿΪȻΪ̫˰ɣ
ĹԽ·ƻ˺Ҳûôᣬ͵鼸ƻ죬ѹĪ
Ůˣʲô
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꣬ƻ´Խ»طˡ
ˮھȻɽԮ˵һϢ
˵ڰ󴧲ⳤȵŴʮ˶ûѡǿҲ˵ʱûʲôΣա
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ƻŵдȤ⼸̫ೡд裬ͿˣǰΪȥżǡ
ΡɽĹ㳡Ѿ̨ϰٵΧ̨ܣǸɽŵӡ
ɽΪڶţŵӹ٣𵤱ʮˣˮһλ𵤾ܶ𵤾ҲΧۡ
ΡɽԽ±ͬĵվһ𣬽ƻȺеǣŲһתֱӳȥԽ¿ԽҲǴԥһ£Ҳ˹ȥ
Խվڹ㳡ԵǸţˮҲûгԹҺʦʦλá
ͬһӻкðƻߵߣͷȻѯҲιѧϰ
ղڵŨһأƻզ࣬ǡ
ԭУ֮Ŵ羳¼Ϊƣŷ֣֮ǰ츳Ѿǿˣ
ԽҲ֪ŵؿͿˣ
ɽŨö࣬Ժܿ졣
ˣ˳ٶȿԭ
ǸҰ裬Ƥȴͨ͸˿ЩϷĨıۣǳϲ
Խ˼Թ˴ֲ赭ͻȻɽ亣ζˣٶû䣬Ȼ°빦
Խƻô϶ҪһɻȴΨзĵĳޡ
ƻһˡ
ܿƻݵɫ죺ûʲô
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һͻȻ仰죬˶ЩûӦ
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ƻ˳óˡ
ԽԿŶƻȭĽ˽̲סϣʦãֻأ
ǰ䣬ƻĺʱᣬ˲̡
ĺĺҲʣأ

ء
ĵӱѺڷڵɽӸʡ
ɽ˳ĹȥĮȻ·Ůˡ
źǵħаѷɫй֮޲
ץĳ𵤾Ůޡ
յĿŮ²壬Ͻ𶾷䶣ҧʶҵƿ֮²򼣬ʳűٻѪ⡣
ˮڵӻ͵ɽдʵŮ޵ļȥˣ˴ֻأΪ˵ᣬ⼸ղûлȥ
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һʼûƻĻ
Խӿռȡöʯ׼Ů˵Ŀڣһɽ֮ͻȻһϢ
궯һ٣ջצӲذС
⼸ԻλصϢͻȻһӰɽ
˳֣Ůޡءؾ˻߽ûŶŮ̿򣬽һԣŮûǰͬŮ˵ʲô
Ů˲䰲־ϲػ۽ǹ顣
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ͫһٺǽΪһ塣
ɱˣ˺ܿ뿪ֹ˰յʱ䣬һ˵ɽΧŮ޼һȥڲ鿴ʬ壬ǬͿգӷŻء
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˵ֽթĶ治Ҫٱ֪ԼܸӦϢŹһҵϷ
װ޷ʵβ㶵˲䣬˿صĶڶӡ
Σյĺꡣ̾ĹöƷ
غȻըɽݣʯмɣ
ʲôˣа֣
塭Ҫˣ
ʦң
֮ϣδѧеŵ޿ӣɽб׷׹䣬ֱһԾ½ǿȹ̾ɽ
ģɫ԰ףεѪۡ
˭
ŭĹˣһˣȴɭɽ֮伤
֮ٶҳӣƽᣡ
һ䣬볯ңһۣӰת˲ʧĲݹ׷ʱ˿Ϣû׽
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Ҳ֪ΪΣ˳ĬΣͻȻ
ҽ飡
֮⣬޴ӽΪɽһ²ߡ
ɫһãЩ㱵૵һ¡ͻȻԱݣѵѾˣ


39 
Ρдݱһ̨ıǽ顣
ˮµĴӣ飬ΪѴڡԽҵҲе⣬ڶʮ
ԽóӰ¼񣺡Ļͬͬʦܵķ绨ѩ£֪ɣһԶ
ƻۡȿȿȿȣ
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˵ţǬͳһ·ó˶ʵڵ֤ݣƻӹۡȵĽСʦܣ߶մ
дûͦ
Ҳɨһۣ΢΢ܿջߡ
ƻʣģ
Խ¼ƻȤپͬˣ˳ˣеǣ⼸ˣҶˡ
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꣬ͬˡƻͬأ鲻ƻһٱ˵ƻޱֲרһ䵽ʲô˰ѲǮ
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һ֮ǰñʱ֪ͷϳ˸ñ
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ǲ罫չˣʦ÷ģһ޳Ρ
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飺Ըһǧʯ
ƻЦŮһ˫䣺Ҳȱʯҵģǿǿ
鱻ҭһĬʱתͷһۡ
ͬһ˫һۣתη飬飬ûаɽȴȻͬйأ
ҧҧʦҪʲô
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⿴ƻĳ֪࣬ҪʲôҪǰͺ̵ΪȥңۼƻҪݣ鼱֮£ǰշڵɽĶҡ
ϴ֮ʼٸǳ룬ʦ֣ϵ׹
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ƻ͵תͷ˿е׹ֿĺꡣ
Ҳͷע


40 ͨ
׹ȷûƻڳܶΣϴġ
ɲɣ䲻ڵʱѧһ׷ѰϢѰʧķҲѰټ
ҪȻȻԼܻƻŴ
ͣԶħѾŲסˡ
һֻͨ꣬ӽ𵤾ĽܳʵףӳһΣڻӳڶΡ
ƻʶ¶˾ı飬ڽȴƻ˵ûôҪнء
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ЦܣֻҪʦͬҽôС
ƻ䣺ðɣһ
Ƶڰգֻʣһβʹ䣬ë׵ԴʹӰ¡
鼸βסϲãǰ뽻Ȼû̫ãƻֲһ䣺ҪУҲ˰ˣһҪͬ𣬽ʦӦɣ
Цݽϡ
ǿԻڻ϶УֱȻ¶ݣûҲһʴƻǼ룬ûҪĵز
ƻ糿ɣʱʦ
˵꣬ҲȽʲôӦźͽ˷䡣
صкƻһϢӦֱǵϢ뿪Ժ䣬żææܵߣʡ
巢ʲôˣǳôô
ڴĽ䣬һ
ƻ˶٣ǿǿһʣô˰
ǡһߣûӦ
ôƢˡ
ʱһƺߴӺԿƻһ˲漴һϽڲϲ磬ϴβ;ͽ곶˹
˰ɣ㲻ҪˣΣϽΣ
̧ͷںڵһԿϵĺֶơ
ƻľʶֲɢǺʹҡźԴϽΣң
侹޶ԡ
ôһ˲䣬ƻԭݲ˻ɡ
ԸһǸǲĳ嶯ɣ˵֣
ҴˣҴвУƻЭɢԽԽħֲҪ㣬ȹȥһܻ͵ˡ
ƳԵħʱΣȴûŶħܲأ
ƻɵЦ϶ܣ
ʣʲô̬£
ƻǺ
ƻˡ
ǰɽֻ֪꣬Ǳ黻ȥܻ϶Ͳú̬ˣ˭֪ڿװˡ
˵ǽţҲزס
ƻջβɰͰ͵ʣ㵱Ҳõ˰ɡ
䳶ǣĿס׵ƻҲԼеˣٳûжƾħɫѬøڣһʱֲϷ
ƻԥһ£ʼħ
죬ǹ֮֮ǰŨ٣һЩ嶼Щ
˿˵ձ¶⣬׾ͱһֻֽס漴ݱ˿ɴɵħʧذй
ƻͫһΪҪͬƣý𵤾Ϊ˿־һơ
ž
䱻ƫͷۡ
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ᣬж΢ĺ
㡭ƻָԱһԲҲ䣬ô̡
̫ͻȻ̧װֱ׳ô࣬Ҳܲ˰
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ƻεƿߣҲ
𵤾ʶԸǧףһܣ˲׷ߣҲ֪ôܻġ
䵭һ죬ʹҶһĻᣬżˣǲԸ⣬ˡ
˵գûҲûٱغ꣬ɻشﱳƻǴΥ˯һ
ȻлϽ͵ɣƻ̲סʣǸô
˦ֶöͷҲûء
öӰм¼һоڿеڱĥĲ״ʱƻݺһ飬һĿûĿ̳棬յǰδеĳ
Ȼ㿴˰ɵģֵ롣
ƻѳɱˣ
룬ȥҡ
Ȼʼˣװװˡ
׹ôƻתת飬ͽ֮Щ΢򲻸ôջ
ͷϣƻǹײٻ
⽣һһ磬ɫʱƻػڣ侹뿪˯һû
˵Ĺϵһҹ֮ص㣬˵˱㡣
ƻǵӰۣȥѧϰʱķۿԽӽȡʱ䣬ĥĥϴ£Ȼ˴ĺ󱳡
ιҪٰ㣿
áĵؾܾˡ
ƻҭһ죬Ŷһ˼취
ʱ䲻֪ţϰԿʼƤպ֮ǰͻȻ̵ܿŮޣƻȻ˸飬Լųһ亹
˯
Ķе󣬴תƳɷ׵ɫ˶٣جΣ
ûšƻüģӣΪҶȴֶ֪
⻰һҲǴħͷ˵ģȻ֮⣬ƻҲͬй
ͳΪ˵뱣еӣҪɱС
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䣺߾͵ؽɢһ˳е
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䣺ĻƸʲô
ƻ
ƻ˵
ЦЦƻӵ뻳Уɴ߲СڣοĸԸ
˵ҲƻƵĺ˽Ĵ˵ЩֱǶţ٣ÿ
ҲûΪҸԸ
ƻߡһУǲǣΪҲûͷ
°ͣ˼УӦҲǿɫ
ƻ
޷
˵֮ʱԹϣܵӵԵɣƻڣӲֶ֪š
ÿˡ
丧ıǾͬЩгױôʲô
ƻһô
Ǹ£оԭ򣬺ڶһˣҲ˵Լ
λģƻʶ㣬ȷǳĸе߳ŭˣֱǡôطס촽
ħԴԴϵԴݼ䴫ݶȷʵûӰ죬һһΧڵģͷؽᣬ˯
ƻܸоԼԽԽԽԽȴ˿ûҪͣµ˼β죬αɣû˴ѵ޿֮£ֻȥҧ촽һھҧѪ
ŭĿӣмĶͷֿûѪɫ촽ζЦЦҧ˻ȥ
ļǿ
ƻƺһҪҧȴ˹ȥ
ҲڣԼҪСĵ㡣ҧ˵׼ٴȱҾ㡣
ƻһ໰漴ǰһ谵ɫϯҰ
ձǰҲüҪ۵ƻֱ
˵ˣһ˵ζ
ƻͬͷײһ£мһˡ
ǣҵ룬֪˭˭أ

һζħʮ
ڶһ磬նҪ꣬Сƻ䣬ͷҲص˽飬Сʱſ
鲦һº겱ϵʦãǡ
װƷƻ֣治ɫͮͮĺͦɰô
ͷû룬Ҳ⡣
ƻʣʦ֣ˮںʱ̣
³аҡ
Ŷ
ƻ˺һۣȴû
ӹ׹ƻ˾ϲ㣬ɽ齫˴ˡ
ŽɢϲõıӰƻս׹˼ƮԶһ˲
䣬⼸쾭ʲô
Լβ;ôϵġ


41 ֮
û죬ȫɽ֪ƻĺ
дʵ֮ΪԷаٶȳֹ֣еȺۣҪͬˮд裬ֻݷý顣
ȥ˼Ժеĺ꣬ȻȻ㴫ˣԽ¶ƻôѺˡ
ƻʦֱȽǿЩС޳ΣңٹһҲһܻΡ
ȻǺ͸űˣ

ƻıĬΪįŮȭͷһװװͰ͵ˣֻô˹ȥϷʱ׽һֻɰĻ
ƻϷ֣
Խ£ǵɽȦ֣֮ϵĵӶȥշޣʱͱˡ
Ϸ֣Ǳڴ˴շ˵һֻΪĸ߽ޣΪǰ£ָ㿪̫󣬲ֻȴӮĹؼ
˵ŷߣҲȥˡ
ƻͬԽ˼䣬ŲʦĽܣȥһ
ڣȥʵܿ죬ƻֻʵʵߴ
һ·ϣͬŵͬкλʦ飬ƻһͲĻ

ɴѡͲûͳˣ
ǹѪģ·˶ҵ
ƻǬûλԶԶʦ״Լͬ졣
ʦûã
ɲǣմǲݵıأСʦòŸճȻûõ
Сʦʦ˰λãʵЩ䲻ϡ
ˮﶮʦֲҪҵ£ܱҸˮڵǿɣ
ŵĵиԽҵӣ˰ģڵˣ֪ʦܲܿϡ
̫ˣסʦˣˣдĻɣǱ˸ˡ
ƻ¸յ˰һĿʱ̫꣬ͻȻɱһˣ˺棬Щۿ˷档
ԣȻʱйƻĻϹ죬һЩʯҲȫǰãһʦǷָĳѡ
ƻȫȻ֪һ˼ǿ
ԽͬסŵӵԺ䣬ƻЩɣײָͽܵķ
ʶſڣȻɨƻͷ

ײǹˡ
仹͵˼һŹء
Ρμ𡣡ƻɰͰ͵˵һʱҲҲǡ
漴ԽҲŷƻˣ˸һϰǷӡ
ʣΪ壿
ƻ˰벽ӲͷƤ˵ʦûʱָĵӣЩλʦֽһ
һɫĮԭǲѪ磬û˵аûӲ׼߶аһ롣
ơа֪ˣȥ
˾Ŀ
ƻҧ촽֮£۽޵ʹɫ԰׵ý͸һȴľ
Խ¶֮ɫʶΪģʦ𡭡
ɫɨԽңԽұ
˴Ҫܷ汾ȥǺ췣
ƻӦ
ҪȥǺֻͬ𹲳һһǰһվãԽҺǰһĻͬʱһ治ͷ
ʦ𡭸òǹİɣ
ƻУҲĺ£˿ƷкԼƷȫͬΣ֮£пܱ¶Ϊʶ᳤ĿȨ
˸Ӧ԰취Ǿץסǣ㲻Ҳνڳ׻
Ǳסʱ㶣ƻԾЦҵһе¡
üƲϽץŵӨָû˵ʲô
ͬһȣһ·УǷ׷ɵīƻֱ־ֹƽصĴ
ƻ֪ɿָȻʱȴͻȻζһ£ЩϽץ˻ȥ
ת˲Ĺ˱㵽Ǻ𶪸һ͸ϸƿ׵ƿУɾߡ
ƻǰֱ׵ԲҪɨ꣬Ҫ˷һܡ
𡭡ģһԸ־ǰ׷ѹ򣬲ɻ
˵ƻֻǽĻһ漴Ҳ֪ʲôͻȻңͷԵسȥˡ
Ȼֹ÷Īͬɴѡ֮ղµıƸС
Χûˣڿڣɽֻء
ƻǺ߽Ӳͣ
ˮڵĽʦҪȥˡ
üѵ¶һ˿꣺ΪҪǺꣿ
ƻҡͷҲ
ظɣķỳɺݣϾͽǵƺ֪
Ȼ¶ɫԽľľ磬ͻȻȥһӵĵĺ±㲻Ѱ
öǹҪͱʹãֻһöҲ޷һֱڸС
ټϽңû䣬֪ʱ䣬Ǳ͸ˮڣ
˴ˮǰԮõıǱ꣬ûɺݣֻǸӦ˺긹еǹŽƻڲƭ˹ȥ
ƻߵġԵҪڲƭֱ֮ܣ
˹ŭ㳯ݹȥ
ǺߣƻһãȻ
ʲôˣͻȻȥˣ
ˡҡҡͷֻ̤Ǻȸɻȥǡ
Ǻߴǵɽϴ֮˵Ȼγ֮һ߹̵ĵľر
һǽݴ˺ΪɫںףΪԽЧԽã֮ϾѾЧ΢ˣԲûᡣ
ԭ֮Уٶȷɿ죬Ҳ뾭ɨǺйأһԸһ֮·Ȼһ·ͨ
˵ǷĻԵɶƻ˵Ǵۻˡ
ΪǺԪӤ֮ϵʿûЧ
ɨǺָʰ׹׵֮飬˵ˣɨӾز࣬ƻƿûɵߡ
ְװ˷һܣڲء
Ǻ߶Ƚûؿڣֻ֮ܿһƬγ࣬Ǳˮвֺܷ׵Сĸɫ
ƻҵһŻɫ飬ȥûˮС
ȻԪӤ屻͸˲䣬ƻȴоһ·ʲôʶгĸо
һųɫСӴü׹ںףȻƻһˬҰ
㶿ǰǿźɫ飬ֿ˿ϵ
ס
ٵҲã
ƻվˮմʪƷ˿˶࣬£ָ԰𪡣
ƻӰΣԽԽŹ֣ԽԽãȻ
ǺǺǵӦǽ
ʲôţ


42 ռȵ
벻˾˰ɣȹҲǻ¡
ƻƿڣԥһ£ջ˽ӿռ䡣
һ飬ͻ»ƿ᳹𣬼ȻԼĶŵɡ
ƻɻԣȥϰôĵļӡ
˷ɽղκѶϢֱ죬һǺĵӡ
Խҡ
ʱɫڣһƬŻɷռΪ۽ȴ壬˿Ҳҵɢʲô̼
ƻһôˣ
Խұ˲ŤϷֱ߽ˣԲѡ
ƻȻ߽ޡˣ˵ú𣿡
ʶǿˣʶȴش顭˵һ룬ԽҧأǺ޲̳Ϸ֣ʬΣ
Ƴأ˵ҲǸʮ꣬Ȼ޵֮·ֿ붼ǳ̬
Ժƽƻ飬ļοû±ãʶ취޸
ԽҿɬһЦÿɷ
˵ǰףʿʶǴ޸ʶֻͬϢڹ˲п̼Ϊʹ࣬Ҫ߶ԴȫΡ
Խ²ʮ壬ѵҪʱλòٿʶǿ˫
ҵˣ¶޷ǵȴܣ
ƻЩ̽ʶʶжְ̣οԽҼ䣬㲵ɫߴϽǺ˵ġ
ʱ䣬ƻѾǺĲˣԽߣںಽţǰˮУԽ߳ͣ»ͷƻ
ƻڰ֣ģңҸ顣
Խң
˻ǲƻΪᣬ˸ʾǱˮϸĽˮҪûȫԴ֣šԴˮĸо
϶ˮʪˣɫɴŮϣճԵߣϵķ羰ѱȳˮܽظޡ
ƻĽ⣬Ƭ̺ɫ촽źϺϣִ䣬ɫĶ׹ŮĶ΢΢ڶ˵ˡ
һʪƻǣԽ޷Ŀ⣬֮䣬ָȻԷ纵˶
ƻһ㶣գ龡ãȻ
Խң
ȷӦԼʲôԽȵüðת㳯ȥСͷȥˣ
ŶƻͷԽҲֻʵıӰϸ̾
ʦ֮䡭Ҳ湻ﻥġ
ǳĵӣظŶܻơ
ԽڲԶǱУûñվƻȥˮеĻҷɫӣֱӶƿ
ݹǺԽüȻɢ˴룬ƻ㻹ǵʱ𣿡
ԽҵͷֻֻһЧµƻѯʵԭ򣺡Ӧһɨա
ȫûӡ󡣡
ģǺֻŽӰ䣬ˣֻΪѲΪǳˡ
Խôһ˵ƻͷˣһģԴȫص㣬ΪԺȫҲ¡
ʱƻ֪ĳЩϵʧԶʧӿ¡
ͱ磬ȻǵǸΣյĴɡ
ȴ˸öΣոеǡ

Ǻպƻײ֪˶ӻյĸɸɾֳɾ͸Уֱͻƽף
뿪嶥ʱƻĿǣɽϵķ羰пһãܴԽ׳һĻˡ
Ƿˡ
ֱصŵӵԺУϷ˵Խ£ƻڻָٶǵ
ֹˣҲ֪Խûѡ
ƻվԽµķſԥϾŮӣóȻŮӵܹ̽Щð
źĵģκ죬ʱǵ޵ʱ䣬չԽµ˻û
Խʦãǡ̽Żһ˵һ룬б㴫ȣԼһɳƵġ
ƻŶ룬֮ϣѪɫŮͷɢڼϣķ·һܴɢ
ƻߵߣʶ̽һȻδʶûγأֻð֣Ϊѯʱˡ
˵Ϸˣڸоôָ˳𣿡
Ůֿüµˮ˫ƻʣ⼸ȥˣ
ƻеΣ¶е㶪ǵʦõ档
Ǻ˵𽻴Щ
Խ³ᳶǣˣ
ƻ
ƻҪϢҸ̽
˺ԽºԭһѳֵСͻȻɲǰɲῴԼĻ
ƻɿԽµԴѲʶ󣬷ηˣ
оĪϤ
ûʲôȫƻƱҪ뿪ĴҵˣҲȱ˵ĵҩﲻԽ£ҲûҪ׷龭ԷõĻ䡣
Ҿȡ
һֻСɱͻȻס
Խ䣺ȥģ
ƻ
Խ£ʦ㲻ôأצˣʶը˺ۡ飬ʶܴҽɽ֮ǰļͨͨˡ
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Խ۽޲䣬ŨܵĽëƬӰ
ʶڣֻ˫֮˲СѰҵ»̫ЩҪңôصˣҲֻѰԪӤ֮ϵĴܣ˫޵Ļҵܲס
˵˵ţŮͷ
ƻŮϵ˴ߣԣʶԡ
ˣ֮ǰ̽ʶδ˫޹Ϊɾܾġ
û취𣿡
С
Ůҧҧ촽ͻȻ˵ƻʦͬ˫Σ
˵⧲ƻԵƿֱӱ仰ôԭء
˵ʲô
Ů̧ͷƻһЦŲ԰͸СԵó
žոͬԪӤĹ˫ˣȻҲܵס
ƻգգۣǰŮգգۡ

Ȼɴ۾ŵ˵Ǹ̡֣̣
û˵꣬Ů⣬۾̶סƻĲӱס졣
΢ħ˿˿ƴݣûκ谭䶯һ٣̧ƻһּ˵ı鶢
ûȴʶſ˷϶
Ϊǰ˹ƻǰߵħѾʮ죬ƻûҲҹðǰǺ
һ֮ƻִŮü飬ͫʣ㡢ôԽˣ
û˷Ů̬Ȼأиʺϵô
ȷ꣬ҲᱻɣҪͬһαװԽʵѡ
ǡƻ̲ס׷ʣԽأ
£̧Ŀγƽ֪
ô᲻֪
ˣϷҵʬ壬֪˭ɱġ
ǬȡöССԽƣָһûһµĦĵãֻ·ҧ˰ɡ


43 
ƻŰɣ䣬ϵһ˿飬﷢ģʬأ
ҪٰȻûʬ𼣡
ɱ˰ɡ
ͻȻЩ졣
ͣĦƵĶƻǸŮĳ࣬۽üҵϸ΢֮ȴմ˵а
ôô
֪˺δ˿ڣüͣ£һ亹˲㱻ˣЦһʶµСôģôĹҵӦʱ͸򡣡
ԣƻһã
԰ôû
һԭȻǴɣ־ͽɱˣѾԭľǾĺϵһϵġͬ
˵Ҳ֣ƻ벻ʱʲô̬ˣǷٶֻԼԭ޼ɵǵʲô
ǸҵʱûôࡣƻڷʡˣȴɺԽµΪ׹ľٶ潫Խɱˣ
䲻ͷǾǰɡ
ɱôαװϢƻƽԷٻйľ飬ͻȻ΢۾ƶʶɡ
ͫ΢ܿް
ʲôʶ
װˣʮǰͰʮǧ͵ɱİɣȻô֮öϢת䣬ֻҪĳ˵ʶսָתɶԷϢ
ƻϸϸ֣ʳָϹȻö͸Ľָϸ
Ӳƻȴǳ˿
ָֻܴӻԾʶгȡϢ˵Խ»ţʶţ̫ѡ
ûıĪɫԹժǽָʣǳ˯״̬֮ҹƻ뿪ɽʱٻݣͰ°ɣҲʲô
ʣô֪ġ
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˵ļҵףڵ߿Ѱҵߵ飬ƻһΪڻҺὣķ̫ûرҰˡ
˵겻ָһӼ䣬ˣֻܵʱԽЩ鵤رΪ
ȷԽµϢûĿ⣬ƻָ˻ȥ
ϢαװأôԽ˵ģ
俿شͷ촽֪ʸѪɫҰʶըˡ
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ԽµǬȡö£赭дʶܴʧ䣬˹˸
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ǲǷˣҲ°Լը
ʿʶͬ˻ܣʶû˿ɾûˣ
пͷۣЩãеѡô
ƻ˵ˡ
ѳǣֻըһѺۣûƺܹû飬ܽѡ
ƻġ
䣺ԾͰй޸ˣ޸ʶ˫޲ء
ƻԭء
ҪƵģƻڽӿռ䷭ңҶʶĲٿ˵޸ʶ鶼ã㻹濴ҡ
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䣬عⷵһһѱ㽫˴ϣΧ磬ģűͲ԰׵ӻҰܣͬһ𽥿ήĻ
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촽һڣ´գ۳䡣
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䣺
䣺ȥ
ǰһ뻹һɷɱȱ컹죬ƻƳɭŤɫЩͬ飬ȴҲɴس뿪
֮ǰƻţ˵䣬ڽӿռҵһЩҩ˴ߡ
֪˸ֵҩá
ЩֹʹĵҩԹô
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ҪҪ
仹ûͷֹˣƺ˾ˡ
ƻ̽һۣɴཫָ⴦ĴУʪ⣬ƻһ漴ʹ
˻
쵰Ȼûҧһڣ
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㣬׹³ƽˣʶָңԼ취
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Ѿ㹻𾪡
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֮£ЯԶԶѾθƽƻӰס۵׵
һòʻǹ֮أһ㹻ĴڣɱδضΪı
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ԶƻĪЩ󱳷תͷһƳվ£ðź䣬жʱһ
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ɵħɡ
һԵɵǣûճ


50 ½
ƺû۵׵İɻػƬ̺󣬳ɶ˶촽
ƻ۾һΪҪħˣӭȥɫסƻշתΪ
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ʱƻһƬհףԽ룬˫ۣץǰ
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ĸоƻһʱ˷ֻܴǰ䡣
ǺǷգֻǰǰ˵ǡ
Ƭ̣ƻȻ׵˫ȷԽɣԭץ·ֲ֪˿ʱʶسǰ˴ա
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Ϊ˫ޣ
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֮У֮Ȼۿƻ
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ŭ֮飿֮飿
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326³ƻеĻƽʼΪ׼۱﷨ۿա
326Уɽٿڲ飬ͳ֮ϲʮˣսжʮ˱μӡ
326ĩ±ǰоٳμʿ˵繲ʮˣˣʮˡ
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˵գȥʱǼһƻʶʣȥģ
طͷҲأձҪ̣·;ңԶҪ׼Щ
ڽӿռ䣬ʲô׼ģ
׷ʾһƻӲǽߵĻ˻ȥ
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ѩǰʱƻʶȥָ½ǣȴûüץס
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߻ƻǰƻ̧֣ȻȻƬ½ץġ

ʮ³ڷĴ£ɽʮ㿪ʼ򱱷½ǰС
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ΪԽµֳԽ׵壬ƻȴͬǡŮӡΪɽ˹ʮ˺ʱҹڵִ½ΧƳǡ
֮ǰȡһñƻͷϣԼҲһֻԽҵ˷׷ˣֻΪķ͵ûڵա
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ĳŸޡ⣬üӡŻķ尺ѲӣħƵڤǳХڰ˷
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δʼսȻĴ죬ǿڵѹ£һЩСɲԸ¶ƣֻѡ¶޽ͷ
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ѹʢʶڨڨãյһǿʱ仹ûҪֱ֮ΪС
һоյջ˵ͷȱֻʮ䷿һ䣬ҹͬڰбǡ

ỹʣ죬ʿӣҾԲܵģΣȲܻסˣ࣬ڳɣร
ˣʧɨˣĿƻ΢΢ͣ٣Խҡ
꣬ؾгֹ׹콣Ϣ׹콣գζ֮Ȼ֣֮£콾Ҳ콾䣬޵֮·ⲻᣬǰ·ΣĪġ

ȥ󣬶ʮӸԻصƻȻȻסһ𣬻صУƻó׹˵иӦ⣡
ǳĿջ½Ҳ֡䷴Ӧƽƽ
ϸϸһ飬ں֮˺͸ķֽڽЦЦ̷ָֽٳɷɻҡ
ѣĳұ鲼磬ǽжǲҪڴ˴ἰΪá
ƻŶ
¥סˮڣ¥ɽջסĶţؼ˰ʢ춨Ȼ̽
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߻ƻߣķ˿һν磬뵽Ҳ뵽Է˳ɻڹء
δ˵꣬Ϊӡ֤ǰԣͻȻһߺ
˭


51 ©֮
˺գ˽ӵǸ˰ף
ԣۿɽסջڴ˴
أʿϲڣʮа˸ñ
ɲǣǼù⣬Ҳ֪˭á
˵ǸŮޣ˰ǰʮûŮˣ걾ɼ䣬ǳ࡭һ鶼Ȳϣȵù䣿
ҲҲš
ļ˹⽫ջһȺޡ
˼䣬û˷ᣬ߲ǰڣںơ
ﶼţôôţ
ΣƳǲаʵΪϣ֮ͬһ
ƻſſһŹȻ¶棬˽ϵޣջڰò˼顣
޸ʶ
ƻתԼ˵Ҷñ˵Ҳҳʲô
Ц£֪ΪûнĻ
ʻڸأԷһ˽ص㶨ڴϣҽطᣡ
˲£ƻ϶ͷᳵ·ҵϴ޸һơ
ʶһ㣬¶ڣﻹһǽڣڵĽȣٹӦ޸ɡ
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۵Ҫ벻롣
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ʶԵѷϴ£ۿüͷƻһЦ޸޸ڣ̽ʶһƽʱʲô
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ٴλص磬Ǹ۵Ĵ棬ȼ𣬺ȥ濴ȴͬ⣬ƻȶ˳˹ӣ£վԸԳ
˴ñ뿪ջϴŵɽͳһưۣһ¥ʶ̽ʱ˺޷Ӧտʶ
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ħϲΣǴһЩ־βһģס
мһ·ںţƻû⣬˳شϴڵʼĵѾԹˣ֪ûô
䱾ûκƻֺ棬һɫ࣬ءšһ
ƻԹԵ˵ӦУʿܱٹȣżҲпڸ֮ɡ
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֪ƻǬ˸ϡŹֵĶŵ޶ĥˡ
·ĳߵ̯λʱƻȻϢһָͣץǣѭĿȥ̯һʮҵˣΪ
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ƻʵ˵˫޵ʱ򡣡
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ֹûǮ֮һ·䶼ûٿڣƻҲԾĲɵһ·ˡ
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ͬʱһ̯λϵķ룬һħãձݱɴֵľ档
𵤾ǿڰնܸʿֺǺǵؿ֣ƻҲͣ˽ŲΧ²ؼħ壬еġ˴аʵΪ𡱡
Ȼǳж˲׼˽ĹأƳǵĹ֮˲佫ѹڵ϶á
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Χ۸˷ܵؽ²ϣƻɪһ£ñ֮µɫףֲ֣ƻ߽һУİ˲룬һҪ̭֮࣬ǰҪ׼Щжʯ
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ĬĬֱӽ˴䣬ûƻĻʦ
ڵķɰУĺ˷Ҳɰûж˵ϻֱʦóõѥӡ
һԵʿᱻɢ½ڴ½֮ڲһöֻʮպõ˲ܽǿĵһһ롣
ƻͷԭ飬ԼǵĹ򣬿ʱôֻ̼þ֣ۣǵúüöλãҲû̫ġ
볡ʱͷὫ˴ңǣɱȻҲǿ߻УԹʵ۶ԷʲôΪֱܾͶˡ

Ծѥˣ
ƻһʱ֪˵ܵǸƲˣԼһԪӤ۷壬𵤣Ȼֻ·ķݡ
ʦóһ˫ؽƷĺɫѥһۣ׼ʮʯ͸ҿ
ʦɫһ䣬û뵽忪ھʮ򣬸ϽЦѥջأ֪˭˰죬ܿһ˫ѥ
뿴ǰմؾȡĳ˷ѥһҹݹһҹǧμᣬ֮㶼ѣ֮ҲҪ׷
ʦѥ컨׹򿪷±ۣѥڷʮλǲƻԣջѰʯ
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ǻʿɽɽĵշ˰ٺɫڼ֮Ϊۣͬɽһͷñ峤ࡣ
ſڲʱƻ涢ѥƣǰŸżͻȻ˽ס
عͷɽΪ׵ޡ
һ˵ĻȴñȾףըƻ



52 
ֻʱԼÿЦƻôƳǡ
ϵζַ͹һģһ
ɽɻƻ
ʶλɽĵӣ
ɽ
´ƻǵɽĵûƻƽʱѩ²ܱȣһȥζƣ
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Ľ漴𣺡ɽǳλ˾ɣͥ£·ðǵɽŮޣ
ͷñ˴˿峤࣬ƻûϳףֱ䵲ǰѪҺٶȻһرŷɵǡ
ոһɲǣʮʶֱ̽佫ɡһʶȻȥ
ˣʮԪӤʶǻ
ƻ״죬֮½ץס֡
ڴ˿̱¶ݣɣ
ſ֯һ龰ܿΧ˵ע⣬ͶϷʵĿ⣬ֵÿǿڵ֡
ԶˮҲ·ຩԶԶ룬Ƶͷɽ͵ɽôˣ
ɽҼǵýԽȥ˵ɽ
š
ԽѡɽԽҲɷѿˡ
̬֪ȻԽǵʯ
븴ֹˮزһۺԽɢʲôȻǸһ˵أ
ô˵ȴɫƽȻûнԽҷ
ͣΧ۵ԽԽ֮࣬ϵϢһ߼䣬ƻŬŴڸС
ײĵ̽ͷ˭ŵĵɽӣ
θɣ
ҡ˭ôˣ
ûὪףͻȻƻҪô

ƻͷԵĲۿҪ꣬侹Ȼ˵
ʱ·׼ȴͻȻ䳰ŪĻ
֮ǰӦԱţ˵Լ¼磬ԲҪҽܣ
һͣ٣һЦҲգ˵ӣģǵɽԽ£Խҿûʲô
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һڣеĹȻȥ
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ɽԽ棬ֱɽ³죬ԸԽᣬʱȴԵ÷įҲûƻС
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˵ɫˣվⷬҲѹʮ˶콾ƻƶᣬϴȥĽҲ
Ȼû˫طǾƻ⣬֮˫ޱΪ
µİ˾Ųʮȴû³˫޷Ǳ˫ޡ
ٿƻԿڶħ
ҵ֮գƻ׽֮ʱ֮ǰ볹׽ڵħ
ʱˡ

һ磬Ƴ⡣
֮ʿۣһƬڿգȫ棬ȴĿ
գϴŰߣһӣöŸɫԵ·ȥ
ڽڶ࣬Ҳı䣬λҪ½ѰһΪÿ˷һöֻҪʮ֮񡣡
ձԳһʮ֮гߣͬӵнؾĻᡣ
·𣬰˰֣Щͬһڣɵؾеȷнû˾סջ֮УԪӤĴҲ˵
Ҳ֪ǲǴ˵⻰֮ʱƻܾǰ֮ϵ˳һۡ
˵գȻ׳һδͷ׹䣬ӴϴסʮС㡣
λ꣬αء
鲻֪о˹ٵĴܣɽҲ⣬ˮڸǻλ֮࣡
ϼһεشӵжݳȵ±ܰлˣรɡ
ƻԼʮȻҪ¶ڣԭûһΣ
ԭĹҲû䣬һӲɱ
˵򣬰ٴλ֣ʵһڳٳȻ󣬴ʽʼˣλڴʮ֮
˵գٶȿƻķ򣬶ݹȥ
һߣ˲佣ԣ˻˾Ĺˣû˵һ̤ۡ
һԾȺ촽Цడǧñʡӵʱɱˣһ
ޣҿ˭ҪһˣһɵһƤľ˴Ⱥƽĵ涸Ȼҳһӡ
Ĩ˰ǵĿˮЦ䱾治ϣһҿ˭һҾħһĺ¡
½ȷӪħƺλ徹ժȥñˮںɽǽ𵤾ľħ׷üеժȥ
һʮգûҪΪһ֪ƽһ𵤾ǿߡ
Ӹ˵˭Ҵñ½һɱһ
һװģë
ɽǷ屣֤ɣ⽻Σ
ٺٺٺ㲻˲Ҿȥɱʮĵӣ˷Ҹ飡
ֱ˿̣ƻ˵ҲʱΪʲôЦ
½Ӫ֮ͬ䶼Ǿ֣Ƶ֮ʣǿʳǿΪ
£һĳЩ˴һʶǿ
ͱ˵ҳеĵһˡ
аңħҪҲ棬ģȥƬյأֻʣµɽӻñ


53 ͷ
ɽĵûһΪõɽ֮ɨأøĶΪǼƻԺݲġ
ΪԸԸ˻ˡ
ѹ֮£ʮӴñһԲ̤磬ƻежͱʵ
ǼŽȥΪȥժˡ

ƻû㲻ժô
䣺ժ
ƻƵ˹ȥȻͱժͷϵĲ˿䴫½Ȼ˽Ҳ֮󣬹Ҫʵɱ˱ǡ
˿ָƣ˳Ĵ˿ǣʣʮǰһҹ𣬹𣿡
ҶʧˣôǵãƻһֱԼķЩȣң
Цݻȥƻջؽӿռ䣬عʱ˴βôͺ˰ɡ
ûɵӣ¶֮ϵΪȴû˸Ͼɱʮ֮ƻȵ¾ͻᴫ硣
ƻεûɱˡ
䣺ڳû˵Ҫɱҡ
ƻǲô
䣺
Ϊа׾ûɱˣȥ¶ûţǰҲţʱգѾֲƻǰħĽҩĥĽ
󣺡Ǿ͵˵ڵɽٽǰɨܴаޣ˳ü
Ҫ롣
׹ڴ˴ķӦΪԣ˵½
ԽעⰲȫҲûнȺĴʲôˡ
ͬʱܲԽҵķϻȥ֮һ·ߣȥ㡣
ƻֿۻ˵顰Ŷһ
̶̼仰ʱ䣬յϾͱ˺üִھƱøӻǰʿǷ׷̤ۣȺܿϡ
ߺƻ˸̤봫ʹ
Ƴָֻ˼ǰĿտȡ

һ׹ƻ½ǰһ̵ĺ
ѧ̽һȷû˺ժ˶׹ñɽĵǼϷѩ¡
ȻҲƻ͵ȥٻˡ
ƻźڽӿռóƳµߡ
ߵ̯лͬķٻħ壬Ҳģһ˿ħէһȥɭɭģ˵嶼ûţ˵ǡ
ƻ⵽βͣڽӿռȡǱͬϰ׽ڿл¡
һ£ɢķ˿ˮīƮ⣬һĨӰȻ˼͡
һİ˲μᣬǸճûõĳߣ˴˱ͲʶһߵҲ˲
ӿռеķ±ͻȻ˸£ƻóһϣȻְȥ
̶Ƭ̣ʿ
ְ˴ˣƻ̲סզ࣬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
һֻҪշ±ʱ̼
֮⣬ڴǰⷷһӰ
ʱ½֮ϣ洦ɼһЩͷߵִЩǰļ¼٣Ӱ¼սսʵ֮ϡ
ƻͷ󣬲ò̾ȷҵͷԣһṩ˳أ˰񵥣ų˽ؾĻᣬʵȴ׬˸һ㶼
Һ÷±ͳʿȻû취αװݡ
Ȼ鷢ı䣬ṩһؾƻ϶Ҫȡһµģò飬ܿһҲ
ƻʼ½Ѱ㡣
֮ڵʿܲμӣԪӤ۷壬ԭȴû棬ʱҲûʲôС
֮һһֻ澫ͷʯϣ϶Ǭʮ
﾿˭澫ˮδ𣬳ʡ
ƻڰְֹ֣ѪСˡ
澫ЩһѪ
һֻ𵤾棬滹ûͱƻǽˣƻԳǸС䣿
㶨ǷٻħĴܣҲұȥ֮Һצ嶨ᡭ
ƻϣؿҪô˵ҿɲҷŹ˰

澫ƻֿ˿Լյĺצ˲졣
ԣʶһ㣬ɱҿûʲô
ƻЦˣǬ
֮ɸпѹϲ壬ıĶ࣬ҪǸħͷҲ壬ֱǱ
澫һպƻתƵص㣬ȥߺһٻħħޱƬ֡
ħżһ׵澫٣ֱ˽ȵˣһŷֶ־ͬ塣
ħЩ죺ȷǷٻһߣ
ٻһμӵһλ𵤣⻹һ棬˭ҲһƷ𵤾澫
澫һͱ˷ٻħˣһȷüĿŻӡǣǻ˭
ɫŨ֮󣬱ͻȻ䡣
ѵ
һ澫࣬˾ٲڵؽһ̴׼ŵͽлӣͬýͬĹַ
ٻħһֱлӣлȴ˼һţлӵһţһɽ𵤾¡
޲֪ͨٻħ壬¶ȻǴһͽߴʯƫƫ˿벻½
˳ĸȥˣ
澫תתħһ޵ı飬ͷָ򱱷
õ𰸣ȴûƻô˵䣬ֱӿ澫Դ
֮⣬±ٶ˸ƻóһǺצΨһ𵤡
ôˣ
ƻ±ҡͷû֣¡
½ôλǿߣֻܹԼʱ˲ˡ
ԾֵƻͻȻϢ㵽һ衣
ǰԶϢͣ
̽ͷ鿴ŮӣԴź£һͬһɡ
Եȣ
ԭ֮УԵƺͬһ߲ɲ֮аڡ
ʱǰֹŮޣһˮڵ걻Χ룬´Ѿһ롣
ŮӽЦѹֹù˵ǸõطﵽǾԪŨޣ
Ůӵֹˣ˰Ҳ˲٣λһǺǺǺǡ
ΨŮȴһࣺǹ˼ҵˣ˼Ĵ֮ס
Ůӿǿݵüۣ̲ס̿ˮŵ˼Σùò˵ˣҪͬƻѧϰģ°˴Ӳηηβǲɲ֮ҲòЩò绨콾Ŷԣ
͵ƻһ̣һħ˶Ĥأ
ڴʱΧĹǺȻЦ£ۣν
ƻһţҲ˲żüãԵȣƾʲô֮ȣ
⻰һֹŮ𾪣ƻҲһմ
аˣҲ˳޳
겻Ĵҵͽɡ
ֳѩ׳ƮƮڣϢ˿Ů޵΢
ǱƻɲĳֻԺ޲磬Եȡȴ䣡
˵գӹŮ޶ǰ鷢
Ů޷׷׶ɫٲС꣬ٳ
֦Ҷɣսһ
ļ¼Աڰ¼ƣƻ󿴵ýζû뵽ʵ쳣ǿһҲ·硣
ĸһ̫Ҳڣױϣƻһʼûֻ֣Χһ·
ʵʱȻƫͷ
һɵǰɡصһ죬ȴ㹻¶λá
սеͬʱ˿ˢˢسԴͷ
ǲԵУȴ˰ӵ֮
һʮΡ
ƻ˿ǱذףˣｫӵĻ쵰һͨ¶һεļЦ
Ǹ·Ǽ
ûгӰȴһڰе̽лӣ


54 ëԼ
лӣ
䲻֣ƻӦ˰ΣȥԼõĺˡ
ʹϳħ壬лѾ꣬ϲμɳлӣ˵˲ΪĶߡ
ƻѣܿ컯ᶨ
漴ʶˮ㵴ȥĳʱһݣʱݹȥ
˺ѽ磬ڰħ徾˳
קʱŵĿѣ㡭Ȼлӡ
ǡ
ƻϣǸ⣺ǸҲϴȥ䡣
һ㶣ʲô˼ܿˡ
ƾմֻһ߻£ͿһӾѪ
ǰںԪӤ۷ν֮𣬳ʱһͶеӰܽʮ˶ƻͷһѹ㱻ѹƵ޷
ͨһŲӵʱϻŨŨĴ㵺Ͳ⡣
ôˣ
漴˸ְȥ
Ⱥ֮䣬һ𵤾ԶĿȫ̵Ů޺͹ǲԼͬ˰벽
˭
ħʱǿߣ
˾ƻƻȴȡǬ
סµĳ嶯ҿȥħޣֻתˣǲˣ
˿Ůĸ˵ɫɷס߶µҡͷ
ƻֿǣɫӲҲҡҡͷ
Ͱϵ
ͽ
ԵʵǰȻаҲޱϡ
˷׷׽ڵϣƻ߽ϳȥ
ƻϵ˵ߣö֮ǰõʮöǲ
½ϻʣʮˣɽμӵĶʮλ֮󣬲֪ʣ¶ˡ
ƻɨˣ岻ħӦỳݣҲûʲôͷ۵ǰеİ¼١
ԴżһӺ¼ٱ㹷ƤҩƵһ·ڣղһĻ˳Ҳ¼˽ȥ
ƻеİӰ޵
ձ㱻͵Ϯ˳طת¼ɣ¼Ҳͷϣ
һ·򱱣Դ˴ʼ׹ϵϢת˶ƻѡҪôȥϣҪôȥ롣
룬ǿ϶롣
ƻûжԥõ˳׹ָʾķѰٶȥԥƬ̣ȥ
ۼҡڵ뿪ԵŮ׷ѵõżˡ
׷ʲô׷㲻Ҫˣ
˰˰˾Ÿأξͷһᣬʲô³
˵Ҳǡ
ǽƻƶԵȵľһ·ٵһűߣƻͷת㻹ã
ǽˣл
ƻ˭ˣԼӲİɡ
Ƥľ䶼¡
ƻؾ棺ٸңҾɱ㣡
ô˵ȴûоκɱ⡣
ɲħߣսָľ䣬Լ׿ˣһʾµֲմߡ
Ҳ棬ƻΪǰ֣ǰлô
ƻʱͷʶлӣ
ҡͷʶг˵ʿȷţԪӤ֪֮٣ưҲĨȥ
ǲлӣʲôϵ
ưϲлӣ֮⣬һֿܣǱȥ˳ȡ
ƻŶ
ƻû¶ɱ渵б׽ȥˣᱻưĨȥлӼȻţſûôпǱƻˡ
ƻôЩĲ²ˡ
ƻƵʵѾʼ²˼ĪлӴʲôԹȻ֮ĻЩһѪ
ǣлӣܷһƻ
ƻҲɱ
ҡͷݵһƬɫ¯

ּ䱾ǲУʱȴԼƵһͬԲš
ӰİζݺһΡ
ƻ߿˹ǰΣƬ֮󣬶˵תͷߡ
񾭲
һ㶣æ׷ȥƻ°ȥ¯һƽӹ֮ʮڣʮ֮ǰͻƽ𵤣òҲ˰ʮ
ɱƻһӣȴ¯
쾪׵ĻȴʮֵУΪš
ƻʧЦΪ֤Լţ
֤෴Ϊţ뵱¯
ƻһĸ·ôֹ˰ΣͻȻһԾĽŲҲٻ
ʲô˼תͷʡ
ǵ¯һвΪ֪ĺôҲᰵ֮ʮꡣ
еİ¼䲻һ䣬ӰӲȡ˵ƻⳤˡ
Ȼ°ȥδΪμŽڷưĨȥ
꽣üĿ˸ŵ⣺֮ڣΨлԵرŻߴĻǣбȻرҽŲʸӴ
ƻĴôǽһһ޷׹콣飿
òϣǸʵš
ϧڡ
ƻĦеĽһ˲Լǵ飬ֻûƺЦ
أһߵÿǵеȷεǿ飬ڻҿûϵ
ƻͬ˵Щ϶лӣɱ㣿
ҡͷĨЦûҪɱңųЩûϢ˵رʱǰлӴʱڳȣ𣿡
ƻӹ죬ˣҲء
ǵ˵Щ֤ţǰҲ°ȥɡ

ƻ˦ȥһ䣬ޱ˵ֻǸħɢްˣ˵ʲô
˼ҵĪ⣬²оݣӦɱ£
ƻյļ¼١
ɱˣӰһ˼Ҳ˵е㲻е˼
ƻţٸңұҪ
˵գȹǼͽ˴ζȴû뵽ţǾȻ治ˣ
һʧ˵ʲô޷ֻܱȭʾƻߡ
ƻ
ѲƻͨͨԺרѰټ
˵ûгûϢų󣬳ע˶á
ʮ֮󣬹Ϸӡһ⣬лӵԼͻܳǱȻʲôϵ
ο¶Ҳкü·ѡ
ռ׹콣ֱ˯߸ɴ౻ȵɣܲ˾ǡ
ֲǣûô๷Ѫľߣرʣ˳ֻԭ߸ɰŵĵʯڵʯɾˣӺ
ƻ룬Ѽҵһɽ
ɽϢŨȴѾˣƺ뿪á
ֲһ㣡
ƻܻ׷ȻʯڽƳһ⣬߽һöӰ
ӳǰһϤЩİӰ
һ£һ룬֮Ц紺磬̫ޣڳ˺ǿݵա
εأһŵֱָ̬硣
ʱ꣬ٴμ룬ƻڼ֮飬ҪֱӺȴӰɨͻȻЩ

ʱȴ
һ¼õӰѣ⵱Ƶͨأ
ûջʣ뿪ǰҪͬ˫ޣ𣿡
ƻ˵úһشƵġ
Це
ƻ
ƻϽȥǵӰָȴӰд˹ȥ
ƻļٵģ˵ôң
룺Ȼûˣ´ΪѰһżЩ޸ʶʯͷµǬ
ƻƨ
겻ԽԽˣƻֵطʯͷ
ʯͷȻѹǬһЩвӵıһѩ͸ĹӣԼءβ͡
棬ͨӫ⣬һ㲻ǷƷ
룺Ǽ䲻޸ʶȴлָ֮Ч
һ޸ʶǾʹòϣƻֱӳˡ
Ե֮·ʱĵ˵ˣҲ֪١
ƻһ£ٵģʲôоҲû
룺ûоҲνȥѰ취
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һΪѣҪҲ鹬ңʶָ֮ǰмǲҪͬ˫ޡ
ƻƵʶû¡
Ƕ¼õӰһȥڶԻһ
˿̣ƻĻһ㣬ֳس̾һ̧ͷ
һ˲䣬ƻǵӰʶԴ˹ȥͷȴûоκ
̧ͷǰһˡ
ӰѾˡ


55 ߶
ƻĦһٴγ֣˵Ļͷű޶£֤ǰȷֻһͶӰ
˾ڸʲôܵ˵һ٣
ƻӰֲһӰǬ뿪ɽ
ʱǱˣҲв׵ʱ򣬻ǵÿԼ
ɽ֮һƬƽԭǼžʯѵ׺Ӳݷ賤أΪ̫ŵʬ壬½Ũöࡣ
ϢڲԶǻƻԶԶһۣûȥȥһռʮöǲλʿʮ֮һײеö࣬ϵ϶࣬һ϶ؾˡ
Ǽһʶû޸Ҳ֪⼸ô
ƻеǣ㳯ȥ
Ͽյļ¼ٹƤҩƵĸƻ󣬰°ЬߣƮİ޳еӰһ·
ƻ˦ȥһ⣬¼ƫͷܿ˵Ĵݲȡ
淳
ԪӤ۷ΪȻӦԷʵҪô¼ٵΪߣҪôǶԷϴĳϢر
ܻܲ˸ƻЩ¼ٸڳ߲Ŷԣдͷβһ˵ģ
¼һԲְضƻӰ
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ӦΪ򲻵Ҳܲ£ƻĸԷ
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ƻа⣬ɫ㣬ǣֱùˣ
ͷһ·ǰ壬󷽲Զ¼ٶȶ㿪ӭľ޴¸ֳЦ⡣

ͬһʱ䣬
ƻȥѴʮ˶ٰ󣬸˾ڹעдݵӰ
Ң˼Ҳûҵƻ滨ǰǳзİɣҿ˺üҲûҵŮװĹ
滨Ҷ֮ҲӰѰҡ
ݰ˵ñ볡½ϴñ֮٣ɽλŮ޴ñȴƻԶ
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Ҷ֮ӰλƳһϤѩ¡
·ƻķһ壬ûԭòҶ֮ȴǼʮ꣬ϴ
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ǰӣ˻˼¼֮У
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ͬʱҢע⵽Ҷ֮ɫı仯߹ۿӰʱ룡
Ҷ֮ס˵룿
Ңһٴ֮ǳؿü죬ϤĲϤԼ֡
˭ϸŵǹûȹӰ
ѹַûյӰȻ
Ҷ֮Цʹ磬Խƻõˮ©
Ң˵һ֮ھͻῪʲôʱл˶콫԰ɱˣһ²ɱң
ҢúܲȵϢǴ̼лӣ£ħʵĿѾ˷ĵز
ˡҶ֮Ҳڵȣ緢¡
ҢһƨϣɿҶ֮һ㶼ţ㲻¹ߣ
뻹û˭ܽߣ
Ҷ֮ԶȼҢ룬¾һΧƻԵ
֤ݱǣΪƻ飬ȴƫҪЩţͬ޵ߣܶƻʺò޶ԣⱾͲ
ۿӰʱҶ֮ڵתϵ
Ӱ㻹ô⼸лΪηɱޣʮ˶ΪϢ
Ңɫһ㶣欵ٱ׺ŤΪɱ롣
ûɱ롣
벻ΧƻԶĻ
һƻʹ֮ڣ˰ֻʣ֡
һ׷ɱħ֮ӡ
һ롣

еʱ±ʣһ룬ɽʮӲμӣľֻаˡ
ˡħ˴˳̫ãټһΪ׹콣µĳԹһΪգΪƫ塣
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׵¹ּ䣬ҹɫ֮У˵Ƹܣƻ˵ķƣͻȻĿһݣ˵Σ
ֻһֻ糤ȺС˳ɻ߮µ˺
ƻ죬ѣڲǡǸħɢޣ¼Ӱ
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ܲôˣ
ƻͫһٿ˦ȥһʯȴһ
ߵƤűʯһ
һ۵ϵĺߣŹԼĲӣѭųʯķȥ
ʶ𣬲չ¶ʶװ죬С߱ƽʱֽȴⶪʯ˽࣬Ϊиʶƫͷȥ㡣
ͱҧ˸š
ʯķԼһԼǮµߡ
䣺
ʯʱƻҲ׽ֵ̧ĶٶǻްĿ⣬һ£徭󣬽Ӳ
ϵҲòˣƻһĹ͡
Ӧܿ죬·˲Ѩͼ谭ѪӣˣĹŮɫҰȥ
ʮĳߣһ㣬߶ḯʴȫ뾡콫Ѫ
¹ǸվԼʦãٹ˲Ůб侱ĳݺȻΪɫһŵҩҧʦáðˣ
䣬겻˵СȣŮļ
ջĿ⣬ɨۼϵ֣Ҫ
ʮ⣬ƻһͣ̽Դ


56 ͵
߶ĶԼңһӣϣһغ
ˣ۾ȴγᶨĳ޸ʶҪÿƵĹ˲֪Ҫǿٱ
һã´һƳ̽ͷ̽Եƻװ̣һҲ
ʦãûʱЩˣۿʱһһţвѡ
̶̰꣬Խ¡ʶȱը٣ֱ߶˽úһţȴù̲ס
Դ볤ûٱĹˣʱΪͷ󺹵ӣԾ
áͷ
ƻؿһŵԲ۾
ͺˣ
˵˵ǺͷɵĸҲչ̫˰ɣ
ͷ¶޳ĲӲĴǰЩ飬촽ʱ״سƻƳһۡ
ʿм񣬸żʮ׵ľ룬Ŀԣʯգ׼ĺ󾱣Ƥһֱӱ˹ȥ
ƻ˸ǰµ䣬촽һϸߣսֽֽ
ŰΣĿתеĽЦЦûɱң
ɱ㻹óû
ţҲԶ֣һַҡ
ȣƻ˲䰫һͷֲǹġ
ɫһڣԲſ¡˵ƻĿǣֻҪһѾԴԴϡ

˵䣬߶ѾЩƲסˣ俴ڵϵ㽫˴ΣǴ㳹׺ң
ƻȻûǸ㣬ղֻһʱ嶯侲ԼҲ˵Եɣ˸Ϊǡɣǲж
䡮Իˡû˼˵ڣȥЩõĸоⲻ˽ӴƵġ
⻰˵ò岻Ȼ⣬ԣ˫Σյ𣺡ɽȷѲϵ
ƻԱô£ڲ˵Щʱȴ߶Ҫ
䴹۽ޣסеɫ
ϴΪ룬Ϊƻװװһ¡
Ҳա
Ҫ߶Ƚ˵ɾ
ͷϷ¼ٷֱϱ࣬ᵴ¹¡Ǹ޹ɭֹ졣
Ӱϵؼ¼ţȻôŵĳȴ¼ȥ
ƻسִۣߣɲµĴ㣬ٿ죬Ȼ⼸մιˡ
ڽҴΣе뿪ȻѡҪôһ·ԶȵһҪô·ɱ¼٣ٻҡ
ƻӰһ飬ʣˣϵ߶ô죿
᲻ðգԽҲڸǡ
ƻ㡯˰죬ҭ˵
תһ룬߶ֻԡݣڱءʹδΪʾˣĿźԣвױ¶
ƻ䲱ϵĳݺۣһҧװ˴˹ȥҲϣûѡĸѡĿڵ߶
ƻѹһ飬뿪ˡ
ħ塱ΣһĻǼ¼ٹȻûεˣԥƬ̣ƻ˹ȥ
һͻȻֵǿߣԶʵĵɽӸ
ƻɱĶǶе֮ˣԵ޹ȥɱ¼٣ޱȵľᣬ㽫һƫƧĵط£ûɶã󷽾ͻȻһˡ
֪ΪΣ¼ͬʱʧˡ

Խҵȷڸû߳Զƻײ˸š
֮У׵۵ĵɽ۵ˮڳֽսţҲ֪ԽҵȥҪһжѱ˵
ƻ·ʱ濴˼ۣȴûнȥ߶˼
ôûģ£ɸɲ߶˵ĸԼΪѰæɡ
ħˣҲ߶
ˣԽҰԼķϣƻ˦ַȥʯˮڵӶʱڵء
˷ȥعԽһ±ơ
ԽоΪȸںȵ˭
ܾ˻Ӧ
紵Ҷɳɳ죬йЮһĨϤ
Խҳֽ΢΢һɣ³һ֡


ԽҲƻһɽбİ࣬ȻӽӿռȡõĿС䣬ʯȻָɽһǶ¾⣬װ˴ģ֪𣿡
С䲻֪С˵ͷ
ƻ⣬ѵϵĺ£Ǽѩ£·ʱ಻ס棬״ɨۣȻɳ
һ߿ܣеľһȱ쳣ġԽ
ƻţԭжˣ򶼲̬ôף
С任·ʱƻ̲סֿ֮䣬ڸ任·ļӸУ಻˵еڸ
ƻСӲƻϵȡħߣҲҪϣȻһͺˣסˣԲܶ㶯ܶҲܽҵ֣
ܱͲúװҲΥ͡
ƻ󣬽ѪСϺ͵ϣ룬°ʹĨһ㣬Ȼڵװ
Ϊ˱ֲС飬ȷܹԹԵһ󣬲̬뿪ɽ
ͷñǴ˴Ŀ꣬ûãƻһ¼٣װĿĵй䣬ҵһɽȥͷ˴ħ塣
ȻȻӰļ¼£ħе
䳱ʪɽУһѩµϢڽѪɫմȾһأ˶óˣ
ƻģؾһŲڶڳã̽˽ȥ
¼ͣڰգָڶۣӰеľ
һпƽ˳籾Ҳ˳£ܲס;Ƿ⡣
ôħ壬ƻѹʱָͻȻ˶
ƻ￩һ£ʱᵽɤۣ⳯ͷӰļ¼ɨһۣôħ⣿áٻħ𣿡
ߣСգգۣɻؿ
ƻ˼ģ֪Ǭڲڡ
Сûٶƻ˿ҳǬеʮö
ôô࣡װһԸ䣬ñҲ
ԶԶģоǼ¼Ϣһ˲Ҳھĺ֪ĿĴˣǱǸЩҾˡ
Ϸˣƻ뿪Իţ׷
ʱͻȻס󣬽һ
ƻһ˵ͷñֲסǣ˳ԲµµԶ׺󣬷ڵء
ɽһƬžʮµҹɫż⣬ǵөʯ׺ڣӳһűɫ
Ӱñ֮´ľġ¼У̴硣
һ˲䣬ֳļ¼ס˺ڷϹۿ˺ƻˣû˺
Ϊñˡ
Ϊ˵СͻȻƫƫͷɻ³һ仰



57 
ؼʱ̣Сˡ
ͻһ䡰ó˲
Χ۹ҲᵽɤۣһЩԭΨ²ҵĺߣƻӴֱӱ˱ɱ
ԭ̫ˡ
ֻǿһۣ˰˴ľ޶˹̣һŮȻᣬ˶һƲߡ
ʧ֮࣬ƻʶ¼ٿȥ
̩ȻӰпɱļ¼٣ȴвһ˳ճնӰָأˤꡣ
Ļ汻жʱ缤һƬУɢ
СǾ䡰û˷ֵóȥ⣬ֻ˵
ôˣ
ǾɣǸѹ
һˡǵһˣ֮˼֮񡭡
ղʲôһΣϽŮҲˡˡ
ͬһʱ䣬½֮գڵĻذգĿˢˢɽķ͵ˣžǳ
֮һ˻֪Ӻδ𣺡ᣬŮյĵӣ
纮˪˺¡
ԪӤ
ΣΣ
ʰˣұȥɽѯˡ
ɫʱѿǳв
ȻղаħһϮӰڷԣһĨЦݣǱĵӡ
˾࣡
ҲЩȣྐྵӳȸˡ
ഫ˽͵ҷӡ˳Ȱ꣬ˮھò˵õıˡ
֪ԣȴû뵽˲˴֣ȵǳȵĽ磿
ʲô£Ӧŵסɡ
˵գһƴ֮һѪɫһؿ֣˫ĿѪ㾹ԪӤˣ
˻һԲһ͡
ԪӤָԪӤڸǶ⣬ྐྵ֪ͻƵԪӤˣǻΪɽһͻƵĺڵ˻Ƿ
Ҳ𣬲˵곤࣬ȴͬʱԪӤڣʣͻٶȾࡣ
ԪӤĴܣʹø֮ʱ˴˼
һתһ֪ƻСƿñĶӡ
Ϸˣֻȼװ˵
ߺСΪûյһָԼڵϹԹװ¼ҲĹѭƻ뿪ķ׷ȥ
֮ɽһӰ
ƻò׽˦·˶ѨɽܻسСҡΣСߵ䣬¶¶
ƻС
ң
ƻס죬ٺ͸ܹȥ𣬿ȥ䡣
˿̾жѾ˰ʱͣһǿʱûѣǹ⻷˸ĵɽӣһֱΪȴûӰ
أԽȥˣ
ƻƬ̣һɼðɣʶ˲˷Ӷȥ˵ĻߣͻȻһʯ

һŲ᲻ͷ
عͷһڣеʯЩ
ûˡ
ƻе˲Ϩˡ
ȷ˺ƻݹɽԽص˿ڣڵ˹ȥ
ͻȻһʶסȻ㱻ǿӲתӣʹ˿ڴ˱촽
ԴβŴлüһҲȥ
ƻ˵˻ءʾԼ֪
߶ĹԶȡħѵĶ࣬ķѴʱ³Ѫڳʺɫҧ۸ϺɫȥĲݮӡǡ
ƻˮϴȥеѪȣֱֱǴӡʹִȥ
סĲӣСʣ۲۰治ǹġ
бȥΨľҧһڣܸܣ
ƻӣҧɡ
䣺߿¡
˰һߣĨƽϵӡǣ⡣
ɫͻȻһ䣬սñƻͷϣˡ
ȷˣֹһ
¼ֳӰӿзɹڼѰʲôˡ
һλ¼٣̶Ƭ̣ձӹʮϢʦڣȻ½Ϸ˴¡
ѵ¶ˣ
ͷƻƻֽñժˣ֪ʱɽ䣬һºͷԵģ
˶٣Ŀתϵñ϶ﲻļ¼٣ܿüˣ
ƻصͷ
бӰô
š

ָӡ˲ɽһν磬Ȼʾƻȡ壬һԻͨı䶴ĵΡ
һԤϣûоʧ룬ֻжԽҪٵ鷳е
ʱƻ߱谭أ磬Ҫᣬ޷ƿƻĸо쳣꣬ƫƫƻǸµɵӡ
ôˣ˾κˣ⣬ȥ
ȥͲȥƻͲðţ
ûȥı飬ȲȡǬʣЩǶʶкôĶûã
챦ƣɢˬ
ɨһۣģ
ƻ⣺ģ
еһ͸ӣ뵣ԪӰڵ֮ö룬µ롣
ǣ뾹ûƻߡ
ƻѯһ龭ƻһöνļ㶡
ʲôδţ绹ֶ
ǹӳʲô
Ө͸ģšеС򡣡
򣿡ΣͻȻƻ˻ʶһ̽룬ҧƨļ
ƻɻǼҳԵʲô
һŤ
ǹһ̷ŻЧʱƻڣ붨Ȼ֪ǹУŹƻ±
ڱˮһš
Щ޹أ˿̣ͨԭίƻ΢΢˸۰Ͱ͵ؿֱ۲֪ʱ˻
䣬޶ԡ
ΪǿŹӣ˿ƶǣȴƻɣֹһţԺлҵ
ƻһգգصҿڿʣԹӡ
䣺
ƻҿʵĲˡ
䣺ûС
佫ƿֱѨ
ƻԭû¼ϵıСôöһŹôˡ
ɨȥȷǺöʶ޸òŽЩжҲƻרΪ޸һ졣
˽ƻԭеľȻҪˣȴҲû̫Եʱ˵Ʋ֡
Զħ޸ʶвʻЭƻֱ졣
ˡҲҪ
ʼҰοҲôˣҲ㵲ǰͷ
Ǻݺһ顣
ƻֹһûãǻ쵰Ϊ˭һѺöô
˵˵ţƻֿʼˣóöӰʼӳĻ쳹ɽ

꣡
һӰըѣӰʧǰȡ֮һڵסߵʵ塣
ƬӰֶವĺ⣬ƻ㶿е㶿ǰȥ䣬һʱûӦ
Ӧû
ʲôǷɣʲôʮ˶˭ҲȲ룬òҵġ
ƻŭյҪˣȴһŴɫĹӶס졣
۲ŵõǿš


58 ƲԹ
ƻһҧȥġ
֪Ϊʲôûζǹȴ
̵سԹ⣬ŭ˿˿Ĺһѹ䣬ڹӵķϣƽˡ
ֹںϣɹůʶʼ죬ƤҲ͡
Ӧڵı仯ƻֻ̡䡭
ýż⽫ϵӰ÷飬ĮȻ˦һ䡰š
ǹĹЧǡΪʿǣһЧǿһ֮ƻϺ֮޷壬ЩĥɱʣҪЩۡ
ƻ䣬ֿܹࡣ
ʹ㣡
Ƥ͹ͷǧֻڿҧӲץĥۿͨ죬ڵ϶ɸָоֱ
޶ԣϥĿ
èƵԶڶߡ
ӺۣŰצƵƻ۵׷Ρ
ȥ
ƻ˵ܡܲ³Ҳˣ
䣺˵ء
ƻء취ۣҪˣҪˡ
ˡ
˸˯䣬ΪʶܴԾߵƻûЧüһƻĺ󲱾ϵ˽Ǵ˸飬ίˡ
ƻ۵֣亹δ˳Ŷǻ䣺Ҷ㻹֣ûԣ
ûΣ˵ƻĲˡ
ȻˣƻҲֻŰȥ˴˦Щͷʱѣô
ƻһڣʱأ
˴ʱ򣬾ͻ÷ǳˡ
Ϧദ꣬Ҳջۣƻٶץ½ǣСĿ챻ϢûҺۡ
۵һƬ磬ǹԡ
㱧ҡ
ӲʯѵƤϼۣͻȻ˸ղͻȻС䡣
ΪԼˣƻ߽ظһ飬ͬʱץȣѵ
ӨĶͷǱˮʪ鷢ų׵ʹ΢΢ŤǵûӰɫ˼Ҽ
˭һĻҪݺݶҡһ£Ҳȥƻȥһֻ֡
ƻҪȥ޳ָսӡȻһν硣
ƻŵصԲۡ
˲磬޷Ҳ޷ڽһ㿪ʼԹԵؼˡ

Ǹɵ
ƻֻʹڵů⣬ܿȫ䡣
֪ں˭Ͼҧס촽ѹȴ֮øʹûν磬ѨҲָ˰
ɨһ۲ԶıӰֻСΣٶȱۡ
Ȼûãƻͱﲻסƺ߳
ʹģʱù˰ʱʵҲֻ˰ʱ䣬ɫҰֽ촽ȴҧѪʴǵĸо޲ͱԼ϶ᱻĥʱͻȻһȵĻ
ƻۣ͸ˮʪģߣָ
˵ı۰ҪŮǿ׳˵߲֮£ܺؽ§ڻ
ʱ޵ûֻۣ¶һ˿΢ɲĲͣˣֱȴƻϣº͵͸壬滺ʹࡣ
ƻֱ䣬԰׵ϻƮĨ죬˵ʲôһʱʲôҲ˵ڣǱ㶿˵
ò˵Խ¡ģϲ䱾ò
ĿѪ촽ϣüûУʱͷӲˡ
Ը˫޵ƻҲЩô
ԽԽò죬ƱռãԽ촽ȥȥ޸ϸС˿ڡ
εƣƬ̱Ĩȥ˺ۣ˵״лͣ彥£Ҳǰ㽩Ӳ
ƻת䲻˷ſƻȴֽ촽ӭ
ûжħҲ⡣
İ㺱֯ס˻ĴԣŲɱ
ƻȥŻһ㶣һͷʱû̧ͷ
ʱ󣬱ɣƻ̥ǣˮ͸ڱˮݹǱ
ʩһǾ˱ǹǿҲֻǿԪӤ
أлҲ˵
ԭܣ˯ʮ˯ԪӤ۷壬ָжǿ
ƻΪ⣺ǿͲǿɣҲƻͿǿġ
͵͵䣬׹̫Σɫ죬ûⷽŵĲѰپһ
ҪǵĴȣɲķɡ
ƻ˻ͷתȴ˷ȵͷԣһԣ佫֮ǰռǬȡʮö˸һء
û֮ǰĴɱӣնѰ
ЩϻմŸɺԵѪƻľЩ㶼ɱˣ
䲻ÿɷ񣬵ת⣺Щ㹻ؾˣڶһֱȨ㻹
ƻպѧϰ½һֱһɹ±õĻᣬûԥصͷʣõô˻ô
ΣҲ֤ݣҾԽ¡е˵·ѾǰԤδԽսǵ̬ƣֻлҳְ׳ƣǵỳɣһվΪҳ壬Խ´С֮츳
ƻļٵģԽôƭ
ƻû磬صľ趨⣬˽ľƺߡ
˽˵ʤһУ콾ϣһԽ£ֻԽҸƶѪǱ϶ҲԸԽû
ճԽ£
ƽޱȵһԪӤ쳹½ĵһĻ
±ϵ´룬մĽжһʮˣֳһʮˣٸĴѹ£վֻʣʮˡ
ɽμӴĶʮ˴룬ս˴
Ƴ⣬ԽԽǰ˵Խӵܣճڴˣһʱ֮䣬ڱ롣
鷺ģħȴȻͬһΪԵİʯ⣬һ߻ڶʿŽ
Ȼûãʿһ˿صλǿƺЩĲɣĿڴʹУʲôˡ
˾ǣԵȵĹΪӻŮ޳ͿԼҹΪƻٵӰȥɶˣǣŵõġ
Ů滨ؿߣҽͣħ֮Ϊ롭
ִϣνô
֮һֻ˶գ̽ԴĿˮ·İһϴ˸衣
ûȺ̽ͷ̽Եʡ
һû¶𣺡û
Ǳɱ˰ɣ
󵨣˭ɱˣȫ壡
ĺꡣ
аźͺһȺ׷ǿϢӶӿ֣Լͬڰȴֲѹ
ıԸոĻƳѹǣչһԪӤ֮ϵĲġ
ʮ
Ϣ𽥷ָ˷Բ·ɫҰףʶȻϥһ롣
ΣĻ߷׷ͷϢԼҵĵӣ֮УͲɫ࣬ԪӤϢ¶ɡ
ԪӤȻǽ𵤡֪ƳǿϢϰ٣һ൱
кȻʱĬһ֡

ƳǷƱãƲԹΪǡ
½޷ۿӰѯԭίڵ֪ΪһӰֻûס
Ⱥ֮Уһɫħɢ̲סСһȺͷ϶ΪŮôж
仰˵˲˵
¼ٻڰӰʱһٳĻᣬȴҪһȺܵļзҴڸУ˭
Ȼɢ޻䣬㱻һ룬Ⱥʱžˡ
ڳĸ֮У˵ɽ⣬ֻˮڽȥɽݷãˮڴȴûѯʵ˼ãֻţƽƽĻƿð
Ǵ˸ǷڴϣҲ֪Ǵħߵʿʲôʱ
ˮɽһڣͬһûʲôȤ֪ŮĺûȤϲ֣뿴ôܵʲô¡
仹ˣЩ档
ħɢԴ׹֮ʣʹֳ׹⡣
˳


59 ϧ
ƳٵϢۣ˿ȴš
ƻ߳Ǳú˰벽
ʲô
Ӱգôôǿߣ
һԵۣ˿
ϵ˷粨ȴҲûϵ˲׳
ʱƻñȴû˷ʵʰˢˢƻϡ
̰桢⡢ãȻʿɫ죬ĿֲԼͬ
ɲǼ䣬˳ˣ
һӭϮƻʶ̧նͱסˡ
ԪӤȺǻţ侲
ԪӤڵһУ÷ס
ƻ˲Ȼͣٵļ϶Ȼñɣ¶һʧɫݡ
š
֪˶ã֮˷
Ⱥ˫ĿֱԵϢȣǿ߾ʹ˱¶˷λȴû˼еûڡ
ӰеľһƳԶ𺳣
Ǹ
оǿߵӲҪ׹콣ˣϽиƨãõŮˣٻһ꣡
⻰Ȼףȴ˲ʿ
ܿⷬɫʹܳΣ޵֮·Ϳһ۴ĳȫһξͻƣ
Ҳ硢أΪҪŮ׹콣ħ֮ӡƻĪǼӭ֮䣿
û죬ʱƳǣˡ
ÿг֪Ĵڳ֣Ȼᱻ˷ر˴ѡ
ĲֹһɹɷڵʿĿȵضƻ޲֮̽븹ռΪУ

ħķ¶ΣϺɫɿݵĴЦСɽܸĲ࣬ͬħ壬ʮᵤ
ƻĿߣʮᵤʮǰͽᵤˣ
ֹһ˾ÿЦ߲ԶĽŮϷʵʮꣿʮ깷ᵤˣŮתƻԵȣʮڱؽᵤ
Ƥ˴Цűᵤһ·ԪӤ
üһˡ
ƻԭպʱ˵Ҳ˵˯ɣ
˵ʱʱ죬˳ˣһֻ׹צϢشӺ̽һѳסƻͼնӡ
û
ΪƻжΪں
ͷ̽Ŀնƻֿƻץŵɻͷ׵Ĺͷ졣
óĿİ³֣
ٶȱۣ鷳ˡ
ʱһץסƻ·ֱۣѹʢħ壬ҶԱĵӳ֣
ԪӤڣ
ǼһʱͻƵĺڣ
Ƿͻƣôܣ
Ⱥ۷׷ףһʱûȥעͷûг֣Ҳû½ߡ
ƻ·ϹŵĹͷ˦γʲô
䣺㡣
ƻ
ƻʼĬĬ㱩¶ΪĿԣʱлӵ˺ôĿֻһûӵã˭ҲóȻ֣һٳΪʸ֮ġ
ջ㲻ϽţȴȻӿɱӺƾΪѹƣֱնûбɢޡ
ĵӣòŸλ
ӵУǳΪ
ճǻʦˮڣȴԡӳԣľѵΪɾܾµ˽紫ķзʱһٳ
໰һ䣬֪ǷԪӤڵľ壬⾹һʱ
ƻصɽУɨһ۲࣬𲻶
ȫ־棬ûע⵽еĸܣһӣ˶ְ̨գһʮλ콾סϲɽԽµѵõ˽뱾ؾʸ񣬵ڶֱԼʼλ̨
ʿ׷̨ƻҲߣߵһо˵ʲôͷԭδ䣬˵˳
ƻеԸһȺ𵤣̨֮ȴùģŲɳ
ȥɡ䴫󲻻˸Ԥᣬ̨֮ϱﰲȫ
ƻ治μӣ
ҡͷƻеʧҲû˵ʲôԼ̨ˡ
ڶαԺܼ򵥣͵һһƴʵڿıԺǵĶΪҲΪһ
֮԰ǰʿ׷ɱʵʱԭУԴһ٣ʽϱǿ֮·
ھıԣ˭̨ʱã֮Ҫ˴̨
ƻ̲ס̣ǹͼʡµġ
̨ɲдʿȻһ¶⣬ʱ򣬸ϵƱֳˡ
嵱ˮڵˣɽˣɸᣬħ˶ڣǷٻħ壬μӵڶľʮ֮ࡣ
һʼһħʱħڣɢѹֱӽʮΪ΢ʿ̨գۼ䣬̨ϱʣ°ʮˡ
ƻûʲôӦߵԽҺȴɫһף״ĵؼװվȰ塣
֪һΣ̨ϵħһ˲ħٴʩѹʱƿ

ħٿһƻַ׷ĬȻ
˭µȥְ
׼аһѧϧ
һԣƻҲƣоħˣôһʹı飿òװˣ
Խҽƻɨˣ屳ܵУ̫Զ
һӶƻߣһɫʵҺǿġ
ԽҷܵӦȻû£һƻʣʦãԽʦ߶ô
ƻû뵽£εͷǰֽΣܺߣԾ̡
˿ллʦðæ
ƻûʲôлġ
ƻйŹ֣䣬ʲôл첻˹ϵͺõ̶ֳˣ
ƻ죬̲סǼ˻ʲôʱ˷ˡ
ηѵȴħ壬ɽڶˮڡ
ǰγȻ֪˭ߺһǰһڣ˵ƾһ֤ʸţ
˵գȻˮڵӣһƽˮʯӣֻв
ûǵĺԣΨƻ뵱гħˣ
һͷ̨Ϸ粨廨ŵķٳ⽣Ӱ֣֮ƻ˷Ŀ⣬ĥѰù֡
̨֮£ԶԶڳĥͻȻԵĲ𣺡ʦдˮջô
һ㶣ʻʱޱע̨䣬ЩԻΪʲôͻȻ¡
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˵˵ţͣһ»̽䣺²Сﵹ䡭˴ᣬҲǸΪʦЩεõģ
͵̽ʶҲʣһֱûҵᡣ
ٴμʶȷ֧ʣ֮
Ŀڴ̨ջأȴʡ
ʦһ½
˶סˡ
䶨Ųࣺʦò绨Ҳûܣʦأ
ĬȻעΣЦΪʦҲáȷϲˮ㣬˵ˡ
ε̾˿˵ûʦ𣬵˾ֺеӵܣаӰȥ٣ܴ绨ѩ¡
ȵ࣡עԴǣ
˸ǷȤ
ЦЦʦϲ÷ȴ߷ڣʦ˾ɫʦҲû࿴һۡ
ЦеΪʦŮȤ󡣡
䣺
ڿ˳ɫ׽ۼԶİ¼ֻ޲ܶ죡
ջ߲ٳеĻȴһ룬Ӧ룬ɽĲ޵֮󣬾αװ
ٴηʣЩεģ
ܵӰʦԼɡ
ࣺ
Խʶ֮ϣûⲻĵ̫ƽϣʧЦҡͷĿͶ̨˶ƻϡ
϶ϼ仰Ĺаʿ˻̨ԽԽӱƻĴڣɽĵһ켫ΪĿ
Ҳ⼸仰ĹƻѾڲμӵڶˡ
ΪټĳأϰʿȻû
ֻҲգˣҲֱֻĶܣͲ֣ûж⣬ƻ²ȥ۸ˣ䲻ؽ˴̨һɾ͸жûС
֮òߺƻǿҴ򣡽óԸǸϤĳƺ

ƻľŤͷ
󣬽׼࣬սֶڶʱͨƻǰģǳȥ˽˻


60 ҷ
Ӱ̨Ǿ乬ʿ֮ÿһ䡣
׻ֻһʿ˵С̹̰ضƻʿҺ㡣
һըƻԴ죡
ԶԽҵĵƻסϡæȴ鲻һ״ȥ
ɱȻĽֱüģƾ޷ʱɫò˿벽νһ
㣿ɲؿ
굲ƻǰأ
˵䣬һֻԾ
໡
ݵ쳤Хɭ³ٶȽױ˼
Ϊߣֻȴ𵤺ڣ̨ϵļĶ֡
ϷշģԭҲʿǶõһ
ԹƻʿС˭
ƻӲϴˡ
׽׷ʣʿ㲻ʧˡ
ɡֻû˵ڣбһŭ⡣
ƻһͱĳ嶯죡
ױϴȥйء˫طļ䣬Ҳƻܳԭ򣬴˴֪˶ٶˣƻҲ޿ɺǡ
ɹʿƺ뱩¶ݣǽίͰ͵
ƻŮװʵˣεؿڣ˾Ȼûʿͳϵһ
֪ħƻǺպޣòª쳣͡˵һģһֻ˵Ǻɣ֮˲Ѱ
ʿһ֮壬ƶףղŻʿ
ƻӲͷƤϹࣺұ˻ʿš
ǣ
ǣǰʶ
ƻǰּżһΡ
תתû䣺һ飬ʱͶˣʿҶİơ
ƻŤһ˲죡
ûƻȴԽǰŮӵЩ죬֪ʲô̶һͻȻε磬ѴУҪСһЩ
ƻͷùҲСģͻȻ񾭲Ͳñ°㽫˻ȥ
ڼ̨ϵ⡢δͣЪһ䡰һ顱Ϊٵ⣬ɽֱ˼Ϯ
֮УǡǡгѪһֻ꣬˽ʱһ㶣ͻȻ˻̧㳯Ǻȥ
ˣ֮ķٻħ塢󡭽ԽսԽ£ǽ𵤵ӱһԾ˶õһʿ
ڳʱʹȻ֪г˶ص磬һһŵţ˳ƻǰüһأ
ǳǼһ̫̬ˣ
һߣƻڵ͵û⽪׵ġӢˡڱΡʿ֮͵ú޲Ҹطȥȴܲ˷Ŀ̽Ŀ⡣
ŲԶľ룬ʱֻʿǹ⻷ܸһ㰲ȫС
̨֮⣬̲ס̾ǵɽӣɽ˰ǿ
̨ϵĵӣԽҵıֲϣƻͳѰˡ
ͬ˭޵Ľɵ̵ƻǰƻʲôˮƽ²ƻĽ˾տ
Щ£̵ô
ҡͷҲûǻʶƻͬס䣬ȴûһ㣬Ŀбӵע̨
ʣĻһũΪλ͹ʿϹϵ
ͻȻڣʦũô
ƻɢֽ̬ȣȷĹʿ
ͻȻʿҲãũҲգǵɽĵӣ֮󣬱ʹ磬Ǽʶ
ջߣʦȥδ
ͳ˰°˰Σյصȥ˽翴ѣȻǳǳļС徹ûμᣬϳʲôҲ˵
üЩͬǳǱ̫壬ʺĵ
ڰ֣ͻƾԵʮţ޷ԻỤȫ
⸱ɵ̬ȣҲö˵½עͶ̨
̨ϵıѾβʱ䣬нʣʮڼ֣ǳβ絶һ˦βʮתʣʮ
ζ٩ͷϷϢ꣬Ҷ˶ûʿᣬͽܵǸһġ
۵һ˿Ȼ֮ɫʵ֤ɴѡûմˡ
۲£һ޴־û˳ᣬһͶȡɣһԿգڶͬɽϾ飬ȫƾ
ҡͷ̾Ϣ
ʱһħѰƻĳ漴ΪצֱƻĲ
ħЦаȣһˡǺǣϲҪɱ㣬ҵȻͻͽɣ
ۼצͷƻڶŵϵĳ㶡
޶ۣ
ͺȣҲסǰ벽
ȴȻ֣ۼƻץڸ嶼ʶˡ
Ψ䣬ش˸Ƿ
Ϣδ䣬̨¶Ȼֱ
˪ƻżɢת̨ζ̨ϡ
ǵĳХжϣһͷԼڵϵβͼ⣬ŭһ˦֨֨β;ûѺζڵϡ
ռذ׵ټƽ̨ϣʿƸ죬ͣ˹ơ
ԽҽӲͷһȥʿʮ˰ϣˡ
ϵļȻ޷飡
ģе·Ҳˡ
ʦãɻһ
ƻգգۣϵĳ̧ͷע⵽صı˪̬Ӳˡ
һ㶣ŲԶ빥ħ壬ֻһȦװһ
ꡪ
飬һƬ˪ѩ
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ƻղѣٶñѾޱûպ
Ŀ֮£˵䣬ͼװ·
Ȼһо͵߸˳˵֪ͬĸ㡣
ԽڻطƻöԷҪԼ̫ԶĻ档
ڼòǴһʸ񱻳ѡеţ˿ȴþûܻ
ٱӽһڽ𵤣ǳڴв԰Σ
ǿ󣿣
̨Ψһľǽˣûܵƻߴʿװ㣬ĿҲһЧ
ƻóϵͷϣֱŵҲûɹҶûʮ֮һ
ðٷ֮һ͹ˡ
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ƻǵһϷת£ɫܿף·𷽲Ѿĸڵ
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״ƲʵػͷһۣȻԥ̨
һ󲨶ʿɨӶȥδ˸ҳֽ֣󲻽׷ɱ
˻һǿһĬеȥ
֪˶꣬Ϣ鲼ذԶκδڶҪ˼ɵ
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ȻڳȻûִƻҲν˭ˡ
ƻܻһ£ǽȥӹīϵãÿˣ
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Цҵġ
ƻ
ƻȷŵòᣬڻصߺ󣬻ֽٺĸо
ζؿӣЦеص٩ǵʦź
еĿʦ˭Ҳû
̨ϱڽУϴը죬˾δ⡣
ʿڳҲᷢѣؾһųհ񣬵ʱض˶֡
˶٣ȻȻӦòԹʿ֮
ƻû֮ǰȷȴ̫ȷˣӰ룬˵뿪˴˴
Щץǣһ벻ء
˵ס㡣
ƻƲƲ죬ֵָڣû˵жȴװʾ
ϸָģҲûޱ˵һؾһ£ֻҪ˳صɽɽĽԻỤȫ
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ƻһ磬ٿس̨ȥ
̨ϵıѾӽβң㽪ҲǶ֣֪оʣһһ
ԭһնһʿǣԭ鲻ͬǣؾһɡ
Ҳ˵ʿǺͷɼؾﹲһ¡
½УǶȹգ˵Ĺϵͻͽദһ¡
ƻʶս֣üû
һͼ顣
ΪûǴĻؾеġһ֮顣


61 ֵ
˴еĿĶǽ飬ؾǰ뿪
ɽؾһﶼƳǣ˼գصɽ
ڽ׻ʱƻ֪סˣ飬ܲʲôټϺıƻա
Ȼǽ·ڣӦò¡ƻʾ֭һַ˵ʱȴЩ顣
ɿһɫؾнʲôġҲֻǴţôԪӤûҪðա
䵭ƳƻһۣлǲǴţҪȥ֪
һء
Ǿˡ

ƻɿ̾оôֻ볤ȣΪ˿Ź޾忪ƶǣ˵ȥ׷Ѱ׹콣顣
ƻһµħ
Ҫ
ɿͻȻգ乴ģЦַ顣
ƫͷƻҹ˫޾ˡ
ƻ
һɽ˷ͷ
˭Ҳû뵽ؾᶼɽֻϵڶУʿۣڰؿŵɽˡ
ʶ֪ܣɫ˱䣺ˣȻƳǡ
ʵҲֻʣˣֻеѰݵţڵһ䡣
޵֮˼ϲǿʳ类ĥüӲȥ½ջʮӵĺǣͷڵӻسǡ
صջƻ类̱Ⱥ͸ðѽɱˡ
ƻ²һҪǰ
ĵػԭ飬ᱻϮҲûңؾǰƳǻᱬһս
ϢһƻͻȻǽȥ½
üȻȻˣܿȴɫ΢䣺½
Ϊһжİţҹ½ӦƻȻ˴
΢΢˫ĿƳǣܻһʱȫ
ƻһ붼סˣɫ˶סڴˣʱջȴó棬ȻǷǰ
ȥ½̶ƻߴٵͳߣȴԭû
ȥ
ƻһ㶣·תͷΪʲô
䵹һϵĲˮЦЦΪʲôҪȥ½ֲԪӤΪһ
ڳȣ䱻һȴؿڣڵɽβƳǣôܻȥ½ȡ
ƻļ٣ҵ죡ھ飡
һڲ裬赭дؾǰЩ˻˼аŮװʵ¶ҲҪ죬Ƴǣɽͺˡ
ƻ죬˵ʲôȻʲôסһͱ˴ϡ
Ϊ˱еӰΣ磬˿ֱ˼׽
ƻĺֿ˿²豭䣬۾ãԲͼ
ȥǶκգҶ˵û˫ط˫Ҳûãôǲţ
䳯ʩ˵ƻӲһ˲ܿƿһ䡣
ô֪䵭
ƻƿ䣬ѺԶôԣο˫طûУ˫Ҳģ۾һС
ƻ´ߣֱ䰴˻ȥѹ˴ϣǼ޹ʹ˵Ķ
ƾܹҪһʱ䣬ģƻһʱûܽƿһʶĶ´⿪ͱζ
ƻһƾһ߻Ҫ취ȥ·֣ص䣬ֱ౻İָһʶη˻ȥ
ʶɫ˲һףƻ״鲻Ȼһ˲ܿӲҵģ߿Ҳ˫ޡ
ʹ۽޷Ϣڻʶʹκŵǹ׽Ϊʲôɶī񶴡滨ʮ˶ǹĺ԰һֺη
ƻʮҲͲ壡
ƻͷ۵ط̾һиϵ˲ֲˣһԵıӵ˵䣬εǶǰڡ֮ץ˻Ϊ˲ɻ
䣺Ϊʲô
ƻΪ
Խ˵Ҳ˵
ƻǵͨ죬ѹȸԽǿץǣǱƵûΪʲôҲɻ㣡
Ŷζ̧ȻһۼΪشһû˵ʲôȴĪЩԶ
㸺͹ˡ

ƻ뱨
⻰ɱ˵׼Ҫɱġ
˵ֵؾҪȥʮ죬ѵ
ƻĵؾֻ֪˭ء
ЦؾҲҪ
ƻзɹ⻷ڵĸʼСȴһ˫޾ҪС
۽޲ٿ䣺ҵ£ڴ򲻹ҡ
һ䣬ڻָž
ϣγĬӹյϢƻҪΪˡ
֪˶ãõƻʼ˼ҪҪûᾡħʱڿˡ
ݱ¶Ҳҵ¡
ƻһٿ̧ϵ¶Ȼ˿ߣŵ˷ˮ£i׵òֻʣ
̧󣬺׹ŵΨõĴ죺ȻˣǵЭʹգܻһ٣ҲܻΪʱٽ
ƻʣҪҪء
ƳһۣǾһ
ƻץűӵָ߬˱ǸȡĽ׹ϵͷԷֻǡұ㡱̫˲ڲ֪䣬Ȼ˷ԭе衣
걣ң׾Ϊ˶ħɡ
䲻ʣЦǹΪҪΪҶħ
ƻӲǣҲǡ
ȻҲΪ˱ſ϶ħֲĸԸõɵϡ
׶ѣƻپᣬ´Ҫȥ½λƤӵ¾߲ˣҲรɡ
˵գٶ򴰱ߣȡħߣǰͷ䣬Ȼ¶绨Ц̡
ģˡ
ߵסЦƻһԾʧҹɫ

Ƴʮ½ı߽硣
ƻҹУִڣɻضݹ·ƳǾ쳣Ƭִ̱Ŀĵء
½͵𣬵õķΧʮ֮һѣΣأһúЩѵ֮˼޹
֮УΨ½ûַаһ˵
ƻ֣ȥմɽȻǰŸߣһӰ̤վء
뿪ķһЦȻ֡
ţһһӰ֣һӰҹɢӼžڣֽڼž
Ƴڣ侲ǰĿŰ볨Ĵժڰջ˻Ρ
һõ飬ûƻҲһƻҹûҵ룬ɡ
Ȼ˽Ӧòġ
ƻʱЦᳶһǡ
ƮȻպǵ


62 ܵ
֣ƻɨٶȣŵ˱˦˴룬ʣµļദԪӤ֮ϡ
ˡħͦƽ
뿪Ƴǰƻ˾һ׼ٳ׽еľ֮鱻ѣССһ˸ǷȻס
ôԪӤ
֮һƻڽһš
ԪӤѣ벻ۡ
ּٴƻ˼Բߣһ϶򲻹ƲС
ͻȻʲôӽӿռȡŰƴֽˣ߶壬Ĵ촩͸Ĥ󷽼һ𣬻عǰӵӰ
Ӱīѩ£ϴħߣϢҲ޶¡
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תЦЦʲôϵãŮ
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һƬĬ
֮Уɽһλʦ𣬳ȥ࣬ƶݵ֮ĵˣ˲Ƴǣڸ·ϡ
ڵĴ䣬ǴˣȻǵɽŵӣûС
뵽ʲôϢ̹ǣüۼһĨŨŨɱ
ûУɽŻ
þòԣʣʦЩʦãȥô
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ˣȻˡˡʮˡ֪УƻѾϾȥж׷ɱˡ
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ΪһڱдǣԭĿͷͻ᳹׸ģŻῪʼֱӴݡ
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ƳУǸ棬ƻֻԼûв
ΪʲôǽסҲб˳ɢ糤֮ġ
ƻȴԸòףȻ裬ǱɣĴ˼ͼѰҳһ·
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ƻߺһ꣬ܿȣȻܲжԷʶ
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63 
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ļҢβŵôôǿˣ
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64 
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ֱƭ˵ĸо󡢱ŵġ¯
ΪأϧΪСЦݿɬССԵȣûʸڵľˡ
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ȻЩ˸֪ν˫طǷ˰֮ͻԪӤԪӤ۷壡
Ŀ˷ƻϥؼʱ䡣
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䵱ʿʦţֵʿʦ棬аʿĿɿڴĳ̶ȡ
紵½类
лӵ̸ϵʱǵܺľ
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66 ƻ
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촽ͱлһ߷лЦ˵ǰɣӲ
Ңл֮ϵͬһȦƻƻûҵҵ
ҢݹӣȺ̽һץĺβקա
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էȻ˶˵ȺǵܣĿˮġ
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Ϊؾ֮вֹƻ䡣
һ㶣ͻȻʲôæȥ
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Ӻˮ߳ƻɵڲݵһɵζ
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ƻ˲Ȼ⣬ȡ׽ͬʱС¶ԣýնûáǵڳС
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ƻҲţоݵ鲻Ǵ׹콣зô׹콣Ľ벻ǵۡ
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ͻȻЦ仹˭ȹ֮ء

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ǸڻҰ
һµʱ䲻㳤䲻˷ѣֱӽƻӵʣǷͷȥңϱ֮صϡ
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۵һ˿ŪҪѧ
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ôˣͷʣġ
Ө⣬ƻԾɬ촽ƾͷԱһļΣ˯


67 ˯
˯
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תߡ
ߣƻˣҪŶӣΨһﲻ֪ô
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ƻͣԣֻĵʣĲңɲÿζô嶯
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ԴԴϵӿ壬һ·ͨ裬ַ·޾
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롢ʮ˶
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Цݲָȴһ
һǰǻûء

֪̫û˯ˣϵζ̫Ϥһƻ˯ʮʱ൱ڻһһҹ
ʱԱ䱧ڻƻϽ漴һ
ã·ڣΪҲڣûб
䣬Ҳڿû˵ƻȴǴЦЦƳһ˿Σգһͷ׽ζ˼γԵǡ
ƻúëը۵˵һ°ɡ
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ץΪ㻤ô˵ʮ˶Ҷ֪
ӦðɣҲƻĵ˵ʮ˶չؾͱչһ룬˶ûȫҲȷǲ˶֪
ЩгܳǸݡ
˼ԺӦԣϵֱͻȻһɣǲʲôɫһ䣬ȻҶ˵ձһˡ
ֻƻһ˾ɲؿ⡣
Ϣǡǣ


68 ֮
ԭ֮УǺͷɲĽڵ㣬ƻ͵ϡã÷վᷢ
Ǻͷĳ
˰ʱɽһСҲˡ
½ľ̫ң㶼ƻϣΪһνȫ˷ͷؾû˷
ˤǽǵãҲ֪ԼΪʲô⡣
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µ촽ȴǿװ򶨣Ҫɱң
ƻɲңɱת۾
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뿪죬ʵ͵͵׹С䣬о˾Ͳ̫һСӡƻԭһҲеϲ˵ġ̬á
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ƻгնڼҢϣǺϲֶţӦò⡣
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ѵƻ޹ϧҲǣ֮Ӿ֮䣬Ϳ˭ҵˡ

˵ţͬһʱ䣬ͬһɽ˯ѵľ֮գźĴ۾ŵڶڵĳơ
ε⧲Ǳɽԭء
ˡ̧֮С֣磿
ûлӦ
ŭڵϣΨн֮ӹһĨ⡣


69 ֮
ڶΡ˫ޡ˱Եᳵ·ˡ
ĵȴĥƻľҪ˯仳˯˹ȥ
˷ӿһգһ˯Ȼ˿ƻĴ࣬Ŷȥ⼸ûմĥħ
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ƻš˫ն
ô뿪߱أ뿪ؾ󣬺֪ġ˫ޡ
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תٶȽ죬г費ͬƻڵδӯͱ˴롣
ħѪٶԶѪǹλн𵤰ڶԭ򣬲ѵƻ˯ƻΪġ¯
սֱۣƻ˯Щʹɫַָϸ׵°Ͱ
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ʱƺܱŤʹวϱʯͷһļƻ״ȥһƤ˵ĸ߽׷
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˫ʱȻʱһʢ⣬˿̺Цֻü۵׵繼ȥ
ƻֻ˵ôû˵ʲô
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뵱ĽһӺһ𡣡
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Цָ°ͣɫ˵Ĵǡ

һյħȻĽ漴ƿնת˲̣۵
ɢȥ֡


70 
ʯ֮䣬֮ٿش׽СץסƻǰĳɫС˱˵Сһѳ˫˫׽
յǱɢֻʣ˴۵Сۡ
ƻ䣬ֿ˿ϵĳ֪ǣȻ㰡
⶯ͫȻһˣ
ƻҡͷЩźûһ㡣
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ȷʵͦϧģ׵֤һǲ˵İãȥҼҢˡ
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䴽Ц⽥ȥִҲһȫǼٵģƻĺ󹬲İ裬һ൱С
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Ҳû˵ʲộƻշĨ죬ʪΣһ˸ʣе㲻ҿ۾
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ƻϽ׽ջأҵķ
䣺ı壬˲㡣
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ԭеıƴС壬нΪǿĽ黹ܹûΣ뷽Ǽ죡
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ˣòӲͷƤͣ鱾ʱ׹콣壬ߵֱ׹콣νƬû
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½ȥô֪
˵ģӦҲǲµġһ죬ƻתƻЩȥˣʲô
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кһԶ˼죿
ƻðɣ׽˹ȥʾԼ취
Ȼ֪ôܵеģڻԵı˶٣
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Ҫƻȡ壬һսʹǰǣػ·ʱ䣬ҿ϶ЩϹߵԶ޽ú˯
˵ף˽ΪұʱֻҪһξУȫƾΪ߶޼
Ĳ˵Ǵսգõ壬˵𵽴֮ǰˡ
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ڴ۵Сۡ
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鱾ǰѽƽʱֻϢڽУס˭Ľ൱˭ƻýǾҲް취
أƻɨ̲סʣ㲻Ǵһ뿪ô
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ƻȻʲô߶ˡĹֱ̫ԾѰ˼ȦȴûҵӰֻȺɽ˵
ô˵㣬ӦòɱǲŶԡ
ΪĳЩûԼƻֱǰͷƢƵĿʼսһĨεЦ⣬ٶɨ󷽳γĺ棬ֱƻܻشߴ㣬ŵЦһϡ
׽죬;вɢ

ƻ֪ʵ֮Լʱˣ;ȴ֮һ˺֮ϣ˲˼ա
仰˵ÿƻں߷ʱ˾ڲԶĺϣֻм˲þˣҲֵɺϡ
׹콣ûô׵õ¥Ǵֻŵ˾֮飬εԶ¥иӴݲ־
֮Ȼ롰Ѳϵıػ֮ġ
ǰǵˣֿǧҹϵϮ˰벽ǰ
֮Ļ˵ãһƬ򣬱ǰһŲɣȴҲһ©ǾǶްʿ˵Եûʲô塣
ͬǱؾվˣĸסɽʦֵܡȵȣȴһˣȻǧҲֻش˸Ƿ
˵һĵϷĵ߶ûУȻҲͿǰĻþ
ֱʼ죬նɱ˺һнɢ͸Ƴ߷ƻ

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ǵ͹⡰ֿ
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;ƾͨѹƲסҵĽֻʱչСܣҲ
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ʵȾ֮ǿһأߵҲǰУҲԣǾȻǿǺӲ
һߣͺܵǣƣ֮ͬһ㣬Ϊػֿɱʱѷſֽš
һշ飬ҪͨѹסǿĽѡеĳ⣬ƻһۣ֮뵱ƻĽ
ƻȻԸý
佫ʶ󣬸֪ްͻȻڵҵĽΪӵģʲô𣿡
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У֮죬뿪ؾܻܲȥһ˵뵱Ľۿȥ
Ϊһ֮鱾Щķģòҵһ۰ϵˣֱӱ伸仰ƴˡ
ƻ˺æͻᱻɱ
ļٵģ
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֮ٿؿ֮顣
֮ãͷãص˵ͷ
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71 ޹ؾ
֮鲻֮ǰ㵥ǲţҲƻ
ǰʱߡ
Ȼôɱƻȴû˵µĹϵȻֵܼ࣬ȴΪƻǰ˵ᱣƻʱ֮鵹û̫ɡ
ھ֮飬νΪ˭ã˶ֲܿҾĹ۲죬һʱҲֲ
ĬȻʱƻҲڻصɽУɽûӰ
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ȷҵˣûͨǸѹƲסշ
ЩϢ漰о͸ƻûֻͣûܵ˼˼ȥ»ǺͷԼȥˣͲˡ
ƻʣûɣ
޹أ֮ӣȻûôˣѱͱı˵İΣˡ
ƻ᣺ʧԼôãң
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ͣ·̺ˮƻʲôʱ侹ֱ˺С
佫µĲ֮˺ףǴ͵غһˣˮ
аţ֮бٳһСҶﾹźˣˮڶڴγһˮĤɽʮָϵĶѨ졣
ƻˮһ漴ϣϸ·ֿ·ʪŵ䣬ؿ΢泩һ㡣
ΪʲôҪˮ£
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ƻԶԡ
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κƻò׿˷סܣҲۣа취Ʒ
ֻһϵǣ;ȵ۾Ȼˡ
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ҲǿһˣֻƴĽ飬һֻſͷϣһֻſϣشƻɢ塣
ƻͷϵľ֮žߴ䣬ڴã۾
ƻ˺󣬾֮һǽǡ
˱ɱң

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˵ģ˵ġ֮ίͰ͵ؽͣ˵ľˣȥ˰˭ء

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ǲȥˡ
²Ҷ֮Ҷ֮ԪӤڣǰӡ˵һֱǡ
ƻҰοǷɣӦˡ
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֮Ȱסƻۼž֮ƨƨߵظϣҲθȥ
ԪӤͻƵĶʵ̫ɫ״ᴩգȾɫ͸ŵϡ
ƻԾˮʱľⷬ
֮飺ߵˡ
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һϢƻݹٶȸ죬˲ϢĹϵ±ߡ
ԶҶ֮ĽŲͣŵƻ
ˣôˣͬеԪӤʿҲͣ˲ӣؾϳŲסˣǿ߰ɣ
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Ҷ֮û˵꣬ͼƻһͷ׽֮Уɫ䣬
ϿƲϻۣɫһѪڣһڽƻ븹С
׽֮Уϥһö͵ɫԪӤɢӨӨԣͷ
üͷ壬Ұף˿ң쳤ѱưܲħԪӤ룬ŵСδȻ졣
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һʱ䣬½һƬɬ֮õʮ˶âڱĬԡ
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ΪĴҵĵϵӵܣʱԾԼҳȥƻ¯λñӵ˺üס졣
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꣬ŸɵΪ˴˴δ᲻ƣ֮罫ԼʱŪ֮һ
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ֻǹǣ˽߸ϵĴҵҲڻɡ
˾±Уץߣȴ˶ʧûѡУԭֻбѡеˣܳʱš
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ߵ׽ѾĸԣƻھԼʩһ˯ڰ˵׽١
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ԽҲעŰ񵥣İŽľްϢ̩ɽѹȼ׳־Ϩɳ
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תظոգͻƳɹʱؾȻٱըƻûӦʲôѾųӡ
һ·ܵʱɲɵģ֮ͨСһӭײ˸š
ƻֹķɵİΣһ뱧ȵҲġ
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ѱƻԼľûа˵ȫڱߡ
ǹ⻷ǶĺܣӦ˰ɣ
µƻֻôҰο
ˣҲĹΪˡ
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䣺뵽ıҲ뵽ЩؾҲˣһҵľǳȡ
ܺ˵ͻԪӤΪƻò;ǿнԪӤڣʶ֮˻δȬЩըҲô
һҧػͷƻȻױȴ֪飬һػ
˵ȥģ

ƻ֪ԼŪɳ׾ͷԵվֻһûᡣ
ǳӹΨϰſǡ
ȥǳǳûһμεᣬһè壬ܿµĽ顣
ƻйǳľ飬ﻹн飬Ҳֹһ
ſڼϵСˣ׻˵úãһٶ
ԣܸúûϵ˰ɡ


74 ǧϹ
ϿոǳһƬʵľĻףһҹɫ٣Ļ㷱ǣλԶոΪҫۡ
˲ǵø˶õ·ֱɫϨ˷գԶڳһСĽȺ
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佫߿ϣУȻ¥ҵģţ·Ҳɺڵģ¥»Ծ磬һĿɱ㣬Ƿȫ
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仹δ˵ƻͻȻһ䣺ǧû裿
죿
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˿Ҳ찡˵žһһЦģͨķ裬ܲסڹһǧ꣬ͻȻһ˵ʶⲻס
йؽľ飬ƻǵú
ǧڹȷǧ꣬һǧǰǸ׹콣ϲ͡ƬƬҲ˹군

ƻü
˵ǧ뻹ҪһĿǲŻᡰ衱֮ľŶԣǻûôǰˣ
ͻȻƻ˼ֿЦ飬롰ϲ͡йء
ɵȷȼץסص㡣
ץסصȴֹһ
ƻе俴Ϸ֣޵ع´ǡ
ͨĳ࣬ЦȴɹǣһԵ̷һ̲ס۾
С˵ռʦվͻǡ
ԽܲϳˣҲ֪ˡ


75 ʶ
˸һջЪš
ʶδȬ׽𣬸ͷǽڿȳѪѪɫ˲Ⱦǽ棬ƻǰ鿴ȴһƿˡ
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һؿڴͷؿƻһֻ˵Сߣʲôð취
ʲôð취ƻһ˵ţһʶڽӿռ䷭
Խǰ̫ǳҲ֪ʲôСҰ죬½ʱ鵤˳
Щ֮ǰˣ˵ʶڵĵҩϺûУһЩ˵ġ
Щɣƻϱô࣬Ψûɱı
ܿһģͻȻͨˡ
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ôоҲûʲôæƵġ벻ֹͨţʲôֶΣ
벻ͨƻҲͲ룬ԤУûʲôô
СΪǳǣǳǳ֮һǧϹڳʮﴦǳĵףƻȥֳ
֮ſͷ˵ǰζ
ƻװʵϣҲûܿϵ顣
֮鲻ҺŵƻţǻɸСһſڰ֮ͷϣӵҲŵˣճһ顣
ƻںʲôֻ˵ܲҲճң
һڻңıӵ飡
ƻһԭǲ⼸鳶ϵ
ʮľ룬ԪӤʿ˵ɲǼ䡣
꣬ǧϹĳ֮вʿԺӰϹꡰ衱ʱǳĸӪҲǲʿڸפֹ˽ȵǡ
ǧ峤аףڹɵ϶ȥһ麣ƽҵأıԳػҪ׳ۡ
ֳִƻۼΧһһιʿҲ׷𾪵ʧ̬
⡭ֱˡ
͵ɽǱֱľ޽еһƴжΣ
ѹϹ⣬ôռʦоƺҲ˲ˡ
⼸겻аҲգ廹ţ񽭺ûȲϡ
ƻһΧϹ꣬˳˼գһŶ䲻ɫЩϺзԴ壬ýζȻһɨǼʿβɨڣ
һȺﶫ壡һſ쳹У𨣬ǣһƻեɵ¯ˣҲ뱾Ტۣ
ƻ뼸˲Զܵ꼰ֵ̫ۣǳԾܿನ
һԾ뿪ףκȻ˶١
󷽳ǿϢһƺոյƻΣֻð·ת򣬳һȥκ󱳾ֱײһΪš
ôͻȻðô֣ղûˡ
ƻᵽ±˵ġǳض½ˣƻͷ뿴ײĸù
Ǹҡ
Ȼֹ
ƻŽ纣ˮ㽩˺С


76 
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ȻˣƻҲٴˣ뿪ͻȻߵ˵ȷǧڣֻδʱ
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ץסˡ
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ƻΨһཻǳ
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77 Ǵˮ
濴ԺᣬУƻֻջǰԣθ졣
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˸ϲƻ޵ȻİƬհ
⡭Ǹе֮ˡ
ԭУ֮Ȼ类ǵõʵһֱûгϿǣڱ͸ʱ֮Ҳδֿ
ֱԹ⻷ӳ±֣֮ⷬ򣬳ͬǡ
ƻ֪ԼͰǽֵʱ򣬾ְǵϷݸˣֻһůͻȻͷ͸ȫͻԪӤ۷岻õΪ˲һء
ƻȻͣ¶ʲô
֮ڰ֮ͷϣ۰Ͱ͵˵磬ǿ
ͬƻʱƻû
ƻҲ˾֮ԼµʲôǵþϲǰһڣһȣЩӰյȥ
ڽʱעĶ˻С
ֵϣóȥðա
ƻֱۣһɺ˳Žڣһ䡣
򽭺𨣬˵⣬Ϊˡ
ˣ죬ҲѲ൱߸պ󾳽ԽǿҲ͸ԡ
ƻǱ͸Ȼ졣
ƻȴ飺ã򿪣һ𵤾Ҳɱ㣿
𨣺¡
֮Ƿز䣺ˣĲ¡
ƻ
һǰɣΪҶ֣
ƻᣬȡҪһѵ֪ʱ֮ͻȻ򽭺𨣬һֻС־ֱӴӽͷ̽룬ȻʶгһС鷺ŵâƬ
ƻɵۣ̽ʶĽȴ
֮ſƻͷǿƬˣϲ㣬˺ġ
ƻ
ƻ򽭺űһɭɭָ·𶼱סˣ㡢˵ϲҡ
֮ͷϲ
ô
ϲ㡣
ǴԽǰǴԽδ־飬һ죬һʱ
ˡϲ
ƻգգۣضŽƣЩɫϲ
𨲻֪ʲôֻע⵽ƻԽԽ죬˫ӨˮһգգضЩ⣬ֺЩ֪ܳ롣
ζܣ˪°߹ռʦʱЩǱرܿߡ
òαװϵζȴڸǣлӵ˳ǳȫġ
ҪǷǳȥء
𨲻ѲԶ
ƻѣϵζȻһԲȡ壬Ի֮ʩչˣڽȴɮ붨һ㣬˿Ϊ
ƻͣǳе壬ʶǳͨ
ƻҧҧٶȴ߶塣
þ֣ص˺ĶеʯϣƻϽȥ˯
һ£֪ǻþҲ˹ȥۿ˾Ҫһ𣬻þ⣬ƻźõѪ
ҳȥ߳ŭǲʲôá
Ǳ㲻

䣬İ֮ǿգȰǵĽӴΨһǳΪ
ƻ۾һΪͻƿڣ̳ǿǳȥ߽󣬾ǿǳпԼͽ𨡣
ֹˣÿһǳﶼ˵òһ䡣
ʲôƻʡ
𣺡Ƕ˵̣Ҳһֿԡ
Ҳ˵ÿһǶһֿܣ
ƻץסһţһǺܰâ˸֮䣬޻ĴϱˣȻĳɡ
ƻ
аһţ˳˹룬һˡ
һţһš˵̣˵һ
ֱõһŻǳƻͻȻһ㿴ò֣Ȼһţ˼ת߽˶
֪Զ㣡ƻһ·֣ȻմϾ߲ˣ
֮׳ŵʣˣǲȥô
ƻĿбӣޱ飬ûֻĻ
ţȥˡ

ͬһʱ䣬ǳС
ڱĿˣƤͻȻʼ
ۣʶɨܣƻûʶšü
ˣ


78 ־
˺֡
ƻ۲óĽۡ
ˣǳ֡
˿̣еģ˸С㣬ھԶϿ飬ʱʱ̧ײһϵ̣Ƶ𣬾ĵȴʲôķ
˾ô£š
˵˫ޣûô
ȷϲҡƻһͷˮʰ֮顣
֮ͷ
ƻ˽һۣǿɲصùġ
г費һ𨱾ֽУٵÿϾͺԼûʲô
ƻóץסǳֿһ飬˵ֻһδĿԣЩܡ
ǳԽԽãǳһš
ǳУһڰУʮ˶ǿѰټҲϵ޹
ǵûϼ꣬ƻ㽥ճǸڴеħͷҲΪԶ׷ţԶ߾飬ǳУ԰Ȼ˰ꡣ
ͽһ
ֱ飬ָͨǣڻҲڡˡ
ǳҪôҪô·ϣûܻġ
ƻ񣬾ʱͻȻζּۿ͡
һŹ߲ʴնУŵһˤڵء
۰
ǰһֻ޳֣߽ƻзڵĽƻҲʶץһֱۡ
𨶯΢΢һ¡
áô㣡а׳ĽƻӼһû
ǵôԷ𡣡
Է
ƻץɣϸϸ룬ԷĳֻĽ𣬵Щٰˡ
Ҫˣ뿪ʱұֽ˳

ƻµؿڣɨ˽һۣû뵽˿ģĳ
˵Ϊͬ壿
Žͷǳտ׻ĺ񷣬Ƭ̺ȡ㹴ӻ˺
ƻûһʣʲôʱ飿Ҫ˻ҧѵˣ
廯ʱһ٣Ƿ٣ľ٣е٣ֻҪɵĳ١
𨻰䣬˵ȴּΪһֱѩߣ渵ĸо
ʲôǳ٣
кܶ࣬Ҫɵǵ٣Ϊ͵һǹ㹴޶ҲԸϹ
һ٣
ƻɵˣſȥ㣬Ȼɢ߲ʹεƯȻںǻϵԾˮ档
˫ͻȻסüˡ
Ϊʲô
ٿȥ٣͹ȥˡ

аɡ
ƻԴ˳֣ܿһ뵽ԷϲԼ֫ӴʱЩڡ
һҲһ޹С㣺ôƯο϶ܺÿͿϧˡ
еĽԣҷĶȻͣ͡
ƻһۣһĨ㣬ȻͷҲص˺
ŽͻȻǹ⣬һʱԡ
Ϊƻһ仰ֻδоһͻԪӤĿԡ
һߣƻѾĥµǲڽӿռ䶫ңóһԽ͵Ļ
ǲǳȥʽ𨣺ǧϹշ裬˵֡
ͷϧ
ܲܰҴЩ
𨲻Ҫ˯ƻҲҪͻȻĻعƽϣġ
ĻҴЩ飬˭ĶУġ
ɽĵӣ
ƻˣ˳Ҳġ

г輸һ֪ȫԵ磬񽭺ĿĴˣֱ۵;
˵գƻҲܽʲôӦתͻضˡ

պ󣬾ǧϹ귢軹ʱǳǰʿԴ
֮µʿһɹڳԱʶ֮ϣѡһѳǵľӶ࣬޵֮·޳ͷ֮ա
ǳϿղʿ丩Ƭ
죬֮ڷ˸׳죬ƻƾʧһټϢȫޡ
ûˣ˵Ľꡣ
ˣ
һʲôĽ˵ȴֺܾϰ˱չˣԼȥԿ࣬ʱľͷҲҪ·
ҪôǱץˣҪôǱˣȻ½û֣ʱָûҪ
һݡ
ǾֻǱץˡ
¥ʮ˶Լ˫طǿߣ˭пܣôϳƻģǵڳЩˡ
ȭͷ߬ĿɨտҲ
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һĨɫƫƫһ
ԶڵɽȡҪһ£ʱƻ粻ֱ֪ȥ
ڴʱλԶ;䳯Ϲķȥ
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˫΢УĿȥ
һƬ޵ϣиһؾôʿˣؾеĺǳ
˻һʿһƻǳˣ
ûЩҪǵҪˣˮڡɽٻħ塭ǧϹ²زסˣβ֣ЩûᣬϹھԲʲôԵ
ǣ½ը˲˵Ҫǳ
꣡С㣬ǿԪӤһ㲻Ҫˣ
λ޵𽥱СĻҲҪȡɿȡģû뵽֪ؾǳ
֮ӡɨº±ޱؽ÷顣
ϢղŴƻȴǰͲˡ
Ȼʮ˶ˣǰץסƻҲøպڸС
һԶΪ׵ޣͻȻ𴽽ǣ𨡣
һ족г衣
ټǳһЩС׷׸һÿ·ת˲֮䣬ͨϹıؾ֮·ϣֻʣһֻòƽƽ롣
ǳУĵλ˾壬˳УԾãһЩλµҪߵ׹أֱݡ
οһ֮УλԪӤλ𵤣ǿߡ
²ǰ·ʿֶԷҲ𽥱ò
óˡֹ廹ôˣ
ϺǳԡȴҲɶ࿴伸ۣΨн𨣬Ŀʼǰ
̫ˣŶۣ
ȻԷͬ壬ΪѴԪӤҲ޿ɺǡ
˫֮ʣͻȻڣ˵ǳУһʿϢıǡ
ͣ
µ˲ԣҲͣ
Ȼ͵ɴ۾ۿǳƫͷ𨾱ᣬ̬繣оӹһĨ֮ɫ
һƽƽһ̣ǿ˼ұѩĽ𨴦ͬһУĪЩг
Ȼǿƺгˡ
ʱĶϡ
üۺЦȴˣǱǣأ


79 թ
ɨ䣺㵨Ӻܴ󡣡
ЦŨôҽҴң
ҡջĿ⣬治ɫΪҲ֪˵ʲô
˵գʾ˼·⽥ȴҲûˡ
ʱǧϹϷ·ʿһá
Ȳ½ʱȴҲǳиľӢЩΪϹϵĻԵûȥμᣬ⼸һֱפڼǳǸ
嵽ʱȻ׷״ױâ۵׵ĵȴڡ
ǳеʿҲвǿ߼ʱϵΪƻԵֻ˳ˡ
ǳУǰĿžɵϹ꣬ʽ𨣺ʲô
顣
οͷ
Ϲ굮֮ʣڰжֻ꣬꾹ֻҪõн飬ܳ㡣
ϷǳظǰĻڻʱ򡣡
̾ﶼãΨ̫֪ͨ
Ҳˣĵıκ˶ȹ̡
ʱ̱ã޶ۣһվֻܲοˣն岻ʱ򣬶һʱء
𨱻˵һ㶣һƴͷ
֪һ̣𨲻֪뵽ʲôͻȻʦ𣬵ӿҪͻԪӤձȸˡ
𣺡
𿪿ڣߣٶȿ쵽˾δӦ
ͻԪӤڣ
Цİɣ
ʱ˿̣Ҫĵ˵Ц
ԪӤʲôʱͻƣƫҪѡὣʱ򣿣
ȺΧԶԶһĻüͷһ
ϹϾҪ裬ͻȻȥģ
շԶԶһۺ׵Ϲ꣬ݹҪȥ׷ͻȻ˳ס
عͷһϤİ
䡣ֱСһȴ˲Ŀ⡣
ɫ䡣
󷽵ķҲһţ˵ʲô
ؾúʹǰܲһ˿궨䣬һƬĮȻһһٵظ˵䡣
䣬˦֣һ絲סˮϮĴ뷨
ݺһ˲侲Ӧԣⲻ֪һĻУ޵ֱ
÷ֵģۺʱεءΣԶô侲ۿҲʧ̬
ԳһЦ۵ɫŨ
֪͸ǳڵҲ
ʲôԪӤϢɢļ˶ΪҪ֮ʣͻȻ̽ȥץϵ塣
δ֪һƫȻһȥֻһĽǶȴޱȣ˱޿ɱܡ
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ЦҲͣγٶȴȥ
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ȻһѪڣǺзŵͷ˳ǣ˵䣡
䡭
Ңɫ䣬Цӯӯֳƿ죺ǴúðϽ
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ܽ赶ɱ˵ľ棬ˣ
ȻԤϵǣܳûӣٶȳϮȥ
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Ңûϵžû͸ξںΧǱûԤ֪𺧴֮ʣӰȻߡ
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ϵһѳºϾɱ̷ӡ
ʱȥαװɫ׵ǳЦ̣Ϊⳡ־β
ҢҿȥùƤ
ҢþҪƿڴһë׵ĺβ͡
βë׵ģɵİëϵ׺һ糺βͼ⣬ִ졣
ζǰƤãٻһ㣬ȥ˳Ѫ壬ϵĿˮ͸ʮ˶
һģΨмҢδţֻԼʧβ͡
ֱӰʧҰγѣӴ˵ĺٶǴ󣬻ëתΪѪ
Ңŭһ磬˽ʯ꣡
ѱβͻһ׷ȥ
˱漴׷ϣǳ׵ϹǱһгѣڴʱʼ裬ʶĿ޺˶ԭأֻǰһ󷢺ڣ־塣
һǳ̾
Ϲһ̣ҲҪ
ɽһʶޱ뿪ķ
֪ȥ˭ˣҲ֪ȥġ
ûпڣΪ֪ȥҲʲôýͺһһ
Ц
ȷǽսթƻߵĴԶֹһ
ƻһƬӣû
Ǹɵӡοɱѡˡ


80 ѱ
׷ţУƻ˿յؿŻ
֮;ֱ֮ſߵļϽζΧۣҲܿƵġ
ΧۺüйصĻ󣬰֮鷢꿽ʣˣ䵽׺Ͷһ
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֮׷ʣǺ˱أʮŸ𣿡
ʮŸϹ˵
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֮ס첻˵ˡ
ƻʣҲôԣ
֮鲦˹Ƶҡͷ졣
ƻһߣ˵ˡ
ôԡ

ǵùűϡ
ƻûǧϹֻأϲͰ
ϴߵһǧǰ£֮һ󣬵ģһֻޣһֻЦе֮ϲޱʥˣշǣʱֻô֣ˡ
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ԭ֮УΪշϲǷ˺ôһΪʶܵĳأݵʧȥʶ
Ҳˣվʵ״ֻ̬ΪϲޱܺǲϿǣҲͨ
ܵ˵ϲͰֻҲ̫ӡ
ƻûȤշЩĽ飬ǧϹӦú֣䣬ǼһʶˣҲ֪ûв롣
ʶƣ˼ɡ
ҰǿƻһλԴע·Żػ
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ЩҲûܹ
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ôˣ
ƻ濴ȥ׷㣿
ƺǼҴҸϻģɫЩףƻȻϣɫŻ
ҡҡͷҵ㱻ߡ

⧲һ仰ֱӴƻĺŽ𨣬ô治ɫ˵ֻģ
ûûҰ
ƻ߶ս£ɰͰ͵תƻʱҲߣˣأ
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ƻ۾΢΢æԼʶȻںһСغںɫĻ档
ֹˣԶһС뺣ˮˮ

üһһģʶǰɣ
ƻЦҸճʱʵͷˣ
ҡͷʱӦûУϾԪӤ۷壬ʶ춯ͻҲ״ݾߡ
̽ƻλãͱ߶ƻʶеʶлӵڳʱԾһʱ˹ȣҲûȥ̽ƻλá
񳤻Ƚ类ƣ˷׷׻ع磬һʱȻѰƻټ
ƻĨȥʶеӡǣٴθ̹Ȼǽթˣ̽ʶг裬ͼҢĸɸɾ
飡
𣬼лӵŭ𣺡ƻ
ƻǵûȥ˰벽ڽ󾪿ֵôɱҵģ
ǰԪӤټϽǷ񾳵ǿҲѺлҷҲʵˣʶȡ
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ƻ̽ץǿǳǳ֮УҲп˭Ҳʱ䡣
ʽ𨣺ֿǱҹã
Ĭã³֡
ʮꡣ

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лǸƢһ֮ľͷԽԽԼǶϾɣ
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죡
лӲͷսѩ׵ĴԴϵ죬һ˫𣬲ĵضơ
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лĿһȽǰ鷳֧ҲҲܽ˽ƻƳ
ȻڸǾȰɱˣԾ󻼣һĨɫЦƻϲôǾֱɻңǵĹ˻ʲô顣
ֱզࣺǲ̫˵㣿
ٷϻлʶɢȥڶ඼׽ԪӤϢͻƲãͻʱһˣҵֱɱˣڵĻᡣ
ͷݺݵڳܲ㶫ͷңԶҲῴ
˵գлӿ̽аһѲ˼Ңһۣݹ⳯ȥ
״ڴɣҲٹŰǣݹȥˡ
Уƻͽȫ˵ĶԻӦԪӤϢ뿪ɫ΢ȴûע⵽ƻı顣
⼸ڳȱ㻥ǣƣ֮Ҳˣʱܰһˡ
šƻӦ
лӺͼҢûɲ֪ΪΣ
һӦñǴ˲ŶԣѵҲڸ
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ϸĶ͸ǣ͸Ĥ
ҢĻڰ𣺡𨣬Ϊˣ˵ΪҾû취
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ӳȵ׳̾Ҳ˲٣лӶ֪ڰУҢȻ֪
ˣȴҲûûô״򿪣ȺҲС
װ
ġҢЦһˣվʮ˶ȥ壬Щ֪ѹﲻӦҲ֡
ͫһ𵤾Ϣڣֻ򡰼Ңһ仰ҵЩͻƽޣʹ˳ԪӤ
Ңӵƻ
бĴʽҲûãֻһλᡣ
Ȼӵؽѹмһ㣬ЮŻϺ
ڣƻҡ


81 
ƻ䣬ѡ
֪Ӧѡ壬ȴҲ֪һշ֣δ޿ܵõƻ
ǳпֿܣÿһη֣浽ѡʱ̣ûʲôѡ
𨴹ĿЦʦ˵̫ʵҲУֻǲлӵĺݰˡ
ȻʱƻͻȻ֣ȥȴֻһ澫ϾĲ
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84 
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ǳΣǧϹڽ鱻ȡߣʿˣȴҲкܶʿڸѲ飬ƻֻ֮ܽݡ
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ʱƻſ²оͼĻ档
ȥؽ֮ǰҲҪЩ׼ؽ糣谵ղ⣬Դһ֣ǵؽǳ׵İա
⼸ն׼פؽҪҩҪȫȫħ壬ƾħԶԶ֮ҪȫȥӦħ塣
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׽ĶԽԽƻͨ죬ˡ
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֣ҶƬҡҡλγȥûС


91 λس
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ĵƳ۱򵽵ļЦԵʮ࣬Ϸʵ׽һΪ˫𣿡
ƻԴЦ΢۵һĨΣȴͻȻƻסӣݺҧ
֪ǻþƻһû飬¶ʹɫеʱһɨգŻѵã׷ȥҧһڡ
״毺õ촽ҧƣѪ飬ƻ״üЦˡ
ãĶ㣬겻ɢ
ϵѪ飬һ˫俴ǻþƻȴǱЩڣͷ⺰һ룡
þǳϰԵغȴûע⵽ϵһסˡ
û˻ӦƻҲ⣬Խ챾û룬Ӧòڳȡ
ˣЩʧʣ˭
ƻһѰһþͻƿڣһ߷ܵҵ

ڶûҵѻþƻƳ䴽ҡҡεѪ飬̽ûôԥͺ
ò˵þʵĹ֣Ѫζ
ţƻֶ˻Ȼһ٣˲Žƿ
ˣҵ
뿪޻ϵ̧ϱӡǣһĹŹ֮ɫ
䡭׼ȷ˵ǰ룬ʱݽĻУ֪ûɶ䣬Ӧû
ʲôʱƻĵˣ
ûϾ̫ãĿɨܣƻĻþһ죬Ҳر⡣
£ٶѪ飬ѭƻĽŲ˳ȥ
ɽ磬ɽвΣա
׷ţµĹЩˣȻˣұϢһ°ɡ
Ȼҽе
ԶԶƻо׽ƺٴ̿
Ѿʼڴƻָıˡ

ͬʱþ֮⡣
лɱˣ
һתƲƻڵͬʱһ߷˵˯ڹꡣ
ƻɱĲУǵһлӼֱôģ
һ¶֪ɽһﾹȻһͷȥȻþΪԼͱһһ˯ĵϣ
лӽ˲˺˻þѭҵƻƻѾŵñˣ
ʰ̯ӵģ
˿лӺ޲һѵϵ˸նˣڳͲ˯һΣȥһԶ
ƻǸ֪ͼĵҲգȻһǸǣǴ򲻼ǳԣ
лòУƻ˰ڵϣ֣ȴǽ˱𣬳ǰȥ
СвܻþӰ죬һΣϢлӣʱ̱־裬лӱƻ뿪ĵظȥ
Ҫȥģ
ƨ£
Ҫƶȥ£㲻ܽߡ
£ͣӲھɱʡԼȥ
лСƨϻĿƻͬһ·ûֱڡ
˵һۣޱȣоΣʶ಻ԶԶ
ֱҼһҶѻ£лӲͣ½ŲƻҶϣԼп¡
֪ΪǻþʹȻ˯еƻ΢΢üлԹۡ
ֹһƻɫѿлӽšü΢΢ƻƺʱһЩֱؽ˴ӵϱϣƻԴͷ
鷳
СڲԶĿĬа䣬ȥ֮ʦûпܣռʱϲһң
ʦӦһ䣬֮治С
ƻƺߵȷΪϲΪɳˣȴһͷײ˹Ͻ磬ʹʵ
Ǳ˷ˣƻаʵĽ磬þҲ̫˰ɣ
˵Ϊǻݱ䣬һж뵱һ޶
ƻͷ·ȥǵҲûܳ
Σգʱ˳ȡ
Ǻǡ
ƻʶþûô롣
붼һµĹɽȻ򵥣ҪƻþµôĳЩС
ļᶨջֱɱȫ飿߸ɴఴԭĹ켣һξ飬ٻþ
̫࣬ƻҲжֲЧոŻþеɵӾᣬⲻ֪һʼˡ
ɽĻþƣлҲ˲˺Ƴνһ£Լˡ
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ѳƵĻþΪĽ룬Ͳˡ
ƻڿзûٴߴ٣ֻڵϵȴڼŹǷ߹ƵصһۣЦеشк
˸飬¶һıʱҲòп⴦ԻôԼ档
ֹ˰ʱ䣬ƻӰأ䣬ޱһ󣬡֪֪ôȥ
޹ηƻҲǺžͱ˸
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˼Ƭ̣ȥ˯һ۾Ϳˡ
ϸȥҲܿƻ۵صƣ룬ƻûôϢ
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ǰɽ·ϣɽԻôֻӰߵģκӰ죬νþһΣѣݡ
仰˵˵˯˫ˣҲõıе⡣
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Կرãֻ÷ȤٵһƻҲʶԼˣҲûٶ˵
þеġ䡱һ񣬴ʱıڹɽĿ⴩͸գңлӵһһ
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þ֮У䡱˫һ˲ܿ񣬴Բ̫·ƻص޻
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þеļҲûʲôɷģ䡱ֱӱ˹ˣ˯ʱõı
ĿĲÿ˯Ǳ˱ڻеģ䲻ҪԼ˯е㲻ϰߡ
뱻ƻߣԼ
ƻıǼʶǰᣬ̾桭ζһģһ
뾲Ŵ¶ҹգڶʣʲôζ
ƻĳõζ
ЦЦ˯ɡ
ƻһ˵ǼȴøǳУûñ˯˹ȥ
ٴʮʱ֮⳿΢ǿΪʵ峿
һΣѵľȻȡ䡱磬ƻһ峿⣬źûһѻþԼû
˯ú죬ֻ֪һӰƻ黹ǽת˹ȥע˯ģ
ؽңҲŷȥؽˣֱ֮ǰͻȻ˵˷財ѵѾˣ
ĵҲˡ
ˣǽ磬ͳҪǺͷɵ̨ˡ
ڵؽ׳֮ٱȻɹֻҲر˳
һͻһðͬ飬һôңԺĺùӳԡ
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ǰգһĳȴ͵ˣĵӻûȫһ֣ž
೤ˢˢԴҿСȺһЩףƻипǧҲ֪Щǲǻš
֮ϣȶ紺һ崺硣
ƻ۵ӯӯЦ⣬˾䣺


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ӵ˰ûȵ佥亹ӲͷƤŸڰзɱǣûܳɹ˼ãջԵ׹̵ӴƺҪһ桭
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Ϊԭ鵱УΪ˫ްħ֪˺ɱĽ֮ӣȴ֪ˣ֪󻹸Դв
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ҽڵľ֮»УһˣûӦڵؽĽ飿
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Դƻһߣֻ鷢Ʊ˸ˣú顢粻ʵѹ˺ٿڡ
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ؽĵһֻɱ¾жȹ񲻹һ°ˣɱ˾һνö࣡
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ûƻӣ֮;֮ܲùѾ߻ᱻ֮飬Ҳ޷ع鱾壬Ҳصķɣܻٴ˯
ǰҲ
̲֮ס̾ԹƻֻǾƻ˲磬¶ļƭˡ
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ֻ뿪Ӷ¶ΣޱעŽܳķ
ֻҪǲ룬缸ܿǣܴ֮ġ޼ɵεڵؽ
ؽ粻˽СĽ׹̣ɱһһʿȴûоȥѰ飬ҲȲ֮ӵˡ
鲻һ
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׹콣ı壬Լ׹콣ߵԷĴš
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ʱҲҪĳɣ콣ߣԷ
ûȼϵѪҺֻһûʲô
νŮӣŮ׵üؽȥµĵͳͳţɽȥ޻أܣԡ
ָսĿȥ

ŮȻ£ȡһöӰָĦǰӳһ˺˯Ļ档
һԲעĿֱӰеƻ촽΢˵ԡΪͷ߽ʱŶȻϡ
һĻܵڼοֱοǰƻȥ룡
Цɰƻؽ磬һ᲻ȫʬ

ȻʱԶڹɽƻ֪ԼֻˡĶԴҲ֪Լһߣɽš
޻ƻԺӵҡϣԼսԲСӣѯԿ룺㿴ǲˣ
βЩϣĵô֡
ƻҲƣôڻþˣʵʤ۱磬ֱ룺ģˣЩ߰⣡Ҳˣô֣
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֪˹ɽǿ֮ȥˣ
ƻһ߿βһ߳̾ɶζô档
Цؿ˵ֵĻҲ׷ʡ
ԵһСβƻԲˣ̱ҡϣƣΪ
겻òɣ忡㣬üĿƻˣЦʱ紺磬Цʱ򻪹ףץĿչ硣
ƻעãͻȻʣ룬Ϊʲôһ
ƻܺ棬Ϲǰʮ˶ʵûʲôҪ
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뿴һۣӵɲǻܵߡ
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ƻЩ㶣Լڳʱ˵ĳƺҲǡлˡҶˡ֮ģӲΪ˵з
Ϊƻĵ׷ʣһ˾ܴ磬ҲҪ̫໤ߡ
ҡԭǶμ䣬Ҳһֱĳг
ǶμԭΪƴġ¡θȥ죬·ԭԭʱûᣬǸƻҲû꣬Լãԭȥƴˣϲȥˡ
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ƻ㱣̧ͷ
ţ
ﷺӨΣЦϾҪϦദʮأֻ׽һĻһǣǸôء
һ
ǿɾ鷳ˡ


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ɽ֮ԶӰͬ￴ӰӰ´֣ɽڵĺڰȴʵʣɭɭѹֵ˴
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΢ƻֱսֱлңۿҪĳŲסʱɿ˫ۣþ

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ƻԺۣȻһһѪѹŴ̱ǵѪζ
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ΪҲɱ㣡
лĬĬû׷ʾ֮飬Ŀʣ³ûĵ飿

ƻʲô飬֪һлӵĶ֣Էưոݣεп֮飬Ȱ⣬ħ¾
ڸߣӻʲô飡
ƻԣһʱס
лûעı飬Ҳûļϻɨɽ֣ǯסƻߣܻȴ쳣侲ֻ⣬ȥ꣬ʱȥĽ飡


94 ֮
ⷬм䶼ڱͼıƻʱȴǱһ¡
ԭл˵δغֻԷصóס
ǽ⣬̫лӲô룬Խ鲻мһˣΪ˫ޡɽˮ׷ɽ
ȻǰһĻǰлӾֻȥޡ
ֵļһ
ƻıӰЩ롣
ڻþȹһµƽʱӲⳡˣȻһͬ;ȹεлһ𣬺ҲǲУ
뻹¡
ƻоᣬûлӵ֣ʣҵ˶ã˵ģպõҵô죿
ʲôô죿
Ҳأʴ򲻹
仰лӸⲻˬʲôСҲʲô򲻹
ȻˬӻصǾͰͳȥԺȥ
ƻĬƬ̣ͻȻüЦˣκʵĴЦ¶ɣлȥһңЩȡ
Цʲôعл߳ŭ
ƻ̾һΪ˵Ǿһء
Ȼ˶˲ķӡ
ƻģʵɽͲ޻أµĵҲɽҰСɽǲڹɽ
лٿͣŵתͷƻӦˣ
ƻͷҲҪ˰һҪҰСͻȥ˵
ѡлʵһԭǾƻþҵ룬ҲΪ
þһ£ƻպһԭһЩҲλس϶Ժ
֮УԭҲ˯ûгڸ£ֳץˣҲϴԭΪ
ʮ˶ֻջβõľջСʱʱڳץģμҲǻƻԭҲŹᡣ
ڻþ˵ЩƻҲ⣬ϱ˺ڳԭ
Ҫȥ£ò˶þͻɽڹɽҴӵĵطңҪǲԸ⣬סңҲ
һƻ˵ӲʩʵЩлӻǿ谭ɽⲻ֪ɿڵ۴лӶ𺳡
ƻ̫࣬Ĳ֪һŵö˸Ը
ʱ˿̣лʶвӿһ˫ƻδܻ
ԣӦһͬչأһһٵ
ƻϽҪȥ¡
лֻص㣺չ
ƻһ£ǵ˵ͷ˳Ȼá
лһ㱣ܿͱεˮѣϢʱǣҲˮСӣ㵱ҢǴһôƭ
ƻΣֻǺлָʲôϵҼҢʲôʱ򶼳ɡƭĴˡ
㲻žˡ

Ȼûн飬ʵһȵùлӣƻƶлӲɱǿдҲûô򵥡
˦лӣƻ̻ȥСУлԭΣһŤվȥ
֪ƻȥ룬ֻƻ᲻´˴ûĽ飬ǿƣаֶμ࣬־·һаշĽ飿
ƻŲͣĵûҲҪȥҪ汻֣㲻ùңԼ·С
лЦòƻ˵ҲܸȥһԪӤܣԲ
գ֮㲻
˵꣬ƻϵҰ˳ˣ͸ˡ
ԶѾֳɽƻߣӽӿռȡлӣһ֮ҳڹɽҲãسҲãģٸң͵֮ǰ˵Ļн㻹ܰô
лӶȻͣ½Ų
ǰƻ˵һȻ࣬лȴԵرסˡ
Ҳһ˲䣬ƻѾصСиǰסСеֳ¶ȥ
лıӰûٸϣֱƻӰʧУŴС˵
ϻµӡǣƻܸӦȴǶ
лӺĨӡǣ΢΢ɡԼһ΢ɲĻ⡣
ǵǳ˵ĻȻֿǣ޼ɵؿЦֹ
ĵͬƣ˵ƻڳһ䶪ǳ
ЦϺǲһʲôһĵص㲻һ
ʮ꣬ӵ˼ʮ꣡䣡Ӷˣ
лüۼ価а񣬴Ц˺һֱͣһξѪɳȼѪΨƻܹ
ƻӾˣЦǳ򣬺ƿһ
ص˲䣬лƴǣᱻյûҷ𣬷ٻ֮ȻһأͻԪӤ۷ס
һĻǱһƻҲҪһ乷
Ҫࡱ˯лӵãЦ˯Чã
ͬʱؽ˻ɽ
ӡǱĨɲǣͫһ
ļ𵤾ħһѪһ˲䣬ڴѹЩǵ
˵ħ졣
俴ϵһԡ
µӡǱĨȥˣˣϵҲʧˡ
ԭƻֵ鱦ȴǲˡ
ǳɽƻһ·ûȥϵӡǣûͻȻ
ݱ¶ˣ
㱩¶µĺҲܴƻĽӿռõ
ƻЩУǾֻʣһֿܡ
ǳˡ
Ӳôأʮ˶Ϊ¡
иֳӰޱںڽ֮ϣָйɵ֡
ûŭҲûм꣬侲ޱȣεѹȴøڵĺŮӻһͨڵأɸ
Ƴһ·̧ͷŮӣͻȻʣܳ𣿡
ءؽ㳤
ζЦ˭궼ǵָһӡת˲ţ˾úܳ˵꣬һ¶Ȳˡ
ϾµĹˡ
ڵأԼϴһ̾ϢȻڱֻʣһϢ׳ŵ̧ͷλȻûӰ
뿪׹̵أٻذ֮飬þ֮Ѱŭֻɷħķݹȥ
֮ͻȻعʶʣҪȥģ
ңȥ졣
ʲô죿
ЦȻǰ߶ܵĻ
֮һ飬ǲˣǿ飬ԼĹȥɱ˵
ǰĺɫ󣬰֮û
ֵǽ𵤣飬ٻԪӤĻߣа𣿡
֮飺
֮ҧ㲻
ǣȥƻҲͲҪˡ
֮ĳЩУ˲Ҫˣ
ʲôҲû˵ֻǵƳһۣһð֮ըëӰ
鶼ܻΣʡ
ǡʵǿĲܻóܳһ󣬾Ͱ첻
ء
ŭϲ壬Ĳ˵Ӧû
ϲͰܲô
֮ҡͷܣ˾֮⣬Ա˴˵ζûôԡ
ҲΪȫͬƬзѺͽһ˵
ԣĬã֮鿴һ۾ͲԸٿ˫Ư۾ʶҲݣһûʲô¡
Ȼٽɷħʱͣ갮֮Σ֮ħΣԼ̻ΪɫСˣ˰֮Դϡ
ô˵ô侲ޱȣƻð֮
ֱ˿̣ʶĿ֮
˵гԶ
֮̿ˮ֪˵ʲôˣͻȻı˼ƻ
ĳɹˣʲô꣬ȥˣʧˡ֮͵͵Ƴһͷ
ʧ춼Ҫһȥƻˡ


95 ޹
ؽƻһ֪밮֮ǰɷħʱСϹɽɹ¡
µĵӱи࣬Ϊ֮ϵĵ洦ɼ
ڹ㳡վ׮ģҲƼһüˣû硣
ǿǿƣ
ĵӲܴƻðʧһ·ڵµĿɨܣʵµĵû֣֮
ҡͷûУŵĵӻȥ̽۸ִл۸ĵӵţ඼ɨӡ
ԭޱȣƻֻ֪ʵǿ󣬲֪
ƳԶһֲµĽʿʣΪǿö࣬Ҳֻɨӣ
ڵСɫǺ죬Щյ˵ƶɮл۸
úãл۸
СеĹԴ˾䣬ƻѰϢʣµĵӶҪ𣿡
ָϳ̬ɫֻȥһǣңſһһС
ÿγֶǷ棬۷ȣƽյɣ̫ܻͷ
ѵڵУƻںɽͷʶ̽һ·ȴһ
Ƭ̺µӽ䱸ĿУƻ߳˷š
Ҳ룬Ǿ֮顣
ûµɣпΪ˽顣
ԭУ֮һ飬Ǵ鱻ִһηӣΪᰡ
Ŀǰ޷ӣҪȵɳǧ֮գҲֲ֮Żѡѡ
֣δ׹ţǰ˱˺⣬֪ǵ
仰˵ټ£еӣҪôƻһһȥ׷ʱҪô͵ðָɮʳᰵĸ
ʱ䣬̫
ƻſ˼Ƭ̣˵
ڡᰡҲȫûܱ֮ϣ˵òѣ˹ͷҲɫ˵ˡ
µĵӺͳӽƣһһǱȣеӳڡչء߶еʮֺ档
ƻĳ֣׵״°ƽ
Է¶ڣƻְŰӣ䵥ĺоͻǰ׷ʡ
ôƣǲ룬ڵȴʱ룿
ǰ½Χƻ³ѡĿǳ
ɽԻô˭µģ֮ϵĵһµǿôǰ·ɽĺйأ
ҡҲ֪
ģСбǽǱʣˮۿɼƻִͬͱ˵İԼߣ˿ԷϢء
ӵݷǳá
ڽʼӺƻ֮øտԭΧ˵ĵӼˮޣΨֱ֮
ȥǰԺǸɨӹܣй¶лܣ
Ƶʦ֡˵Ϊꣿ
ȽʦܴǳͻأҪдȽձܿɡ
ֻһʱƻ¡޼ɡˡ
жµӶһһһ飬ֱԪӤǿϢ֣ƻգԪӤи棬ҡڿտת
תºɽһΪаµʥʱԪӤϢЩҪ
ġаֱһھʯ֮ϣׯޱȣʷͬһƴ֮նһа
ԪӤҪ֮ʣһֻ͵СڹͻȻشӾʯ̽Դ
ԪӤϢһͣСڹٳҴܳٶȿĲ꣬ԪӤƻڹ֮ԥɲǣճǹֵڹ׷˹ȥ
а²һܽģƻǸô£Ҳ˵ʲô
ǵԪӤϢʧƻŹŹϹ뿪ķ
ϳˣǲǳǧϹôڹɽʧ٣ԭܵˣ
ʲôƻ⡣
Ȼܿ죬֪ԭˡ
Ϲո뿪аϾʹһϤɤ
ɡ
ƻһ㶣롱ֵߣֱȥžʯϵġа֣ͻȻ;ûôˡ
ôһаͲϣǱ˸į
ƻƹʯУ߹̨֮ǰһɽ񹤣ɽʯһ˯״
˫ĿӲӣ˲䣬ƻʵؿڣаȼգΪ֮ʹ
СҲа
ƻЩãȻ
½ϣаûзӦǳСȴǸо˲ʣʱ˿а£Ǹоһ޸ͷ·еаٶһ㣬ҪһնĲӡ
ǰȻһֻ΢ס𣺡ͺ¿ԻõˣϽȥ
ƻʱ־ϲת룡
ЦҺܿģѵҵģ
ǰƻйģ˱飬˵ǳӰô
Цһͣ˲ȻĹȴҲûƻԴҲȥҹˣֵÿɲС
ǣƻߡ
ˣС
òҵɽƻҲôͷԻþ˼ɣ뱾ȴЩСɵϹ˵һġʷ
Ҳϻֱʣ¸ʲô
±ܶ࣬Ҳ˼
ƻձлץһۺЩϢ߱ת˲Ĩȥ
ʵϲڹɽֻΪμˣ
˵䣬ȥ׷ѰϹԪӤǿƺ˲ԣϱа²鿴
ӦϱƽϢƻʱȴǲΪ⣬ԪӤ¶˲䣬۷ȡ
һ
ԪӤǿҽûüͱи˺
֮ǰԪӤЩãȻƺͷȥӴ磬ͷ­һ̹ͣڵأ촦
˵ԪӤƻûӦ
ϵʬ壬ֿ룬߷ת˺üȦź֪ɫ䡣
㡢Ͱɱˡ£
޷밲ƻʾɽΪ˯𣬡˴޹أնһаڴ˴˵ĵӽ˼Żˡ
ƻĿɿڴؿŲ⣬˴ݵĺжɱˣ
ЦޱȣظɱģǷ顣
ƻ
⸱ɱ˻ϵӣĪ˱βȴ˵Լ䣬һһҪ

ؽ磬֮ء
ģͻȻ˸磬ûôȴŵ·֮һ顣
˾ǰ桭Ҹô
»ûһߣװħˡ
գֵ֮٣գۼ䣬һƻǰ
䵭ȵߣҲɣĻ߼֣ϳУ˵ǷĿɳ𡣡
֮Ϊʲô
ٷϻ
ƻû뵽׵Щûа׷ѣɸˡ
ذ֮ͷĵһʵſϷ֮½ңҵҵĻҾ㡣
֪ˡ֮﷭˸ۣ㲻ء
һƭӣ㲻ûˣ浱ԪӤôƭأ


96 
ոտʼĸ΢΢ǺͷȻమɱչ
֮鲻ڰʧܣһʼҲûɹ
ԭ֪ݣǰ׹̵
֪̫֪࣬ħ֮ӣ֪׹֪ƻؽ쳣ʹֱɱ˵ؽ磡
廹꣬ת
˼עֶ꣬Щ֡
ϱӺдôƻйأľˣ
ƻ֪ʲô϶ܻԼķծʲôϵ
֮һϹżȥܽǲԫϱڣɢŸܵϢ
ϳ꺡飬ֲޣһյϥϲ֮Ͱ֮նΨн߲ܿ
ػһˣû¸κˡ
ƥ

յϹЯķ⣬ԪӤڵǿߡ
һλħɢΪҫһͷ췢߸ᡢòŮһҶϥ䣬͸һɵѪ
һλϹޣΪۣߵһ̵
۳˯£ǰζѣۺԸһֻϹ
Զķ󷽣ɫأӷ۱ֱףնڡ
֮ӡ
𵤰ϣʮᵤЩǶϣֱնһ
̶һ£޸֮㣬һԾͻ𵤾շ飬ҽύǿĻߣѾǻԵܹ͵ˡ
֮ҲЩϵϢ֣һֺĸо
ƳһۣȻˣؾôѡ
֮˵
ĳ̶ֳ˵֮֮˽ıһЩôչ
ϵȣƻȴԶԶؾʱû˼̲֮סܳȥƻˡ
Ҳûٸʵף侲Ϯɱ֣ǳ
֮⣬һʱҰɢҫ۹ԵĽֱָʯ֮䣬ǽϸֺֻ
ʱһ죡
³ն֮飬ҫ˾ŭ޾Ϯ֮ɱܿûӳĽ
ߣ֮¶ˡݡ
΢΢һ
ͷɫһ䣬ҫȴǺһ޳
֮ǵĽӭ޶ϣųҫϽͷˣû뵽ͻȻǰ
ҫȵȣ꼱ͷ֮顣
׿еĽŽתΪʧ͸ź˫΢΢𣺡˭
ߡ
֮ߣ䲻˵
˺ܿע⵽ͷġ顱ã׹
֮Ȼˣֱһߴϣסͺ׼Ϸˡ
һٶУȴǱݺá
ҫڱɫ׹
ֳֽԪӤǿߣλԪӤҲһǶ֣
ӣϺ󣡡ҫǰȴûһ㣬ӳҫߣŲһ
Ű֮飬ͻȻЦˣЦøޣ㾹ҡ
ػһǸʮɬ꣬ڵԹ⻷ˣһһЦǡ
ҫۿЩ񣬷ɶŰ֮飬ɲ
Ц޶ԣݲȵǵʲôԹΪβ
˵ûҽԹһһٵظǻ
Һ㲻̫ɣ
˵һ飡
Ҳ˶٣ƺ޼ʵ벻ʲôʱλ֮ӡ
ѵؾǴΡһʱǼţȻǷ׷ǹʣôˣ
ٿʮֹŹ֣ûô
òѹŭһ䣬ɫٿǺ죬ν㳯
ûͲˣ
䣡ҽҲҪɱ㣡
һʱסˡ
䣿
ᾪ֣˵׹䣿
Ļплش̼ͷ鶼ڣϲͰһ¡
¡¡
֮ɰʯըɣѣһ׵ĹֶȻ֣ײϣ֮ܿתҪӡ
㡢ɱȫ𣿣ֻܷʵ򲻹
۹·ŻûӦķˣȴţʣһ˵
˭ʣһң
֮ʧɫֲˣȻΪ֮
ɱвϣһ㲻ϢĻᣬϲͰǧ꣬ò״μܣͬҰҪѰ֮
ܼĽâ£֮ûֶþ·ˣԺ鷳ûˣȴԼŪʮǱƤ˿ŵҲˡ
ҲˣҾʣһˣ֮鴫
䵭ƳһۣȻؿ˫Ŀ
һɱ֣֮ˣжǰһ˲ͻȻĿˡ
˵ƻҪ֪ɱң᲻Ϊұأ
һ͡
֮飬סƻôɱҵġ
ңǻһȴٳ䲻ȥ
ŭص䣺ֻ޳ܵ
Цˣ޳ܣ£ΪұӦֺα⡣

ɱ䣬ƻΪԷô
˳ɻġ
ʱ㣬ƻϵʱƻûһֻܿڣδ㲻Ϊ䱨ҲԻ˶⡣
һ뵽ܣüͷšһɱԼЮ˾ᡣ
˵ʱʱ죬ԥ˲䣬ͻȻߺһ֮飬ұ
֮һ㶣ʱӦץͷġ顱ͶˣССġ顱磬һҪԱըѣ
䣬֮ݹӣſǲ糯Ĺţֵ뷢ȴǸҡ
һȻķ𣬴˿Ҳסƿڴ֣
Ǹӣ׹콣飡
䱣˧Ҳûôģ̸̸Ҳã˵ͱķӣ
Ҳ˵ǻ᲻ᱻըߵһȫ׹콣лô
š顱ϷɽҲһɲǵãȻ
ͱƵýԱˣ
һΪ˽鲻ֶΣһô˹
벻ͨأޱҫ۵ĹŹµµȦͣ
ٴУ
ȴǹâϨ𣬽˸վ𣬺תԴ
û
ˡ
ܿ죬ͷӦ˹ҧгݵǸ쵰ˣǣ
νĽԱֶܵΰˣٿ֮أĻС䡱Ӱӣ
鱾ֻ壬г˵ʱܽٻʶ
ˣˡ
ŭܿ侲Ѿ̫ΣپвʣȴȻ
˼Ī⡢ǽּĺɱ˶Է̫ʵοʱ㣬ƻܻḴ
˸ӷ߳侲쳣ܵ˺ܲʦ˾֮뿪ͬͣȥһ˳ȡ
ãȻ˽硣
Ἰµضš֮顱Ϊ֮顱Ҳͷǡ
˫ãתȥĿ⣬漴ü⽣ôߣ
ɱץס֮Ҳû壬ѹûȥȴٳٲߣɵһơ
⡰顱ڳûټ˵
ЩźҲû˹ץգ־ɵؿϲͰȻߺһҶҶ֣ǵӲСǹ
ϲͰһۣЩΪ⣬ֶЩɣֻô
Сǧ꣬綼̬ˡ
鲻֮£øۣҴȷ
⻰һϲٹɵЦҲ˲侫ӣɴ۾ʱǰ
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һ£ֻһ˵û뵽ЧôãǰֵŹ۾𻡶ȡ
ͬʱԶͻȻɫ䣬Ȼӣɡ֮顱֮ʿϢ
ߺȻѾ
һ죬֮顱Ȼ
޲ʶȴȻըѣ˸ϽסʶȴǱòӿ
ʶ֮ǵأɫʶеˮλΪһ棬޾д͸飬ϲͰ溧ȻȿЦӳֵĲҽУ
鿴ţʱ֮࣬Ҳ޼֮ǡ
Ա˲ǷֺʶƬνʶ飬ͬԴ֮ȻЧ棡
֮罹㶼ڽĳϡ
߼䱾ʤΪʵ躹ޣ͵Ϯ˭뵽ȥ˶ԷԷʵ
һըϢûȴһը顣
䲻ǵһըʶˣ׻˵úãɣʶը鲻׹䣬ǵȴǿʣС뺣ˮ
ը飬תӣԱʶʹ֪ȴֻɫҰףƽĲˡ
֮飬ޱܣʣʶ㹻ըһΡ
֮ûԶһֱڰ䱻ɱһٶ°ͣĻҾܾץǵðƽݹӡ
Ǹӣ
˲ҪˣͷҪˣ
֮Ȼϣȴòϣӵļƻɹˡ
ϲͰˣǸͨĽʿûǼߣٴνֻ֣ɵʵҲܽϲͰѹŴ
սֻԪӤڵʵˡ


97 ֮
ؽķ粨ܿ촫˽磬׹ʿȻޱȣҲˮ׵ȵס
յ״ֹʦѵڵؽ翪ɣħǱΪ飬ʵһͽˣ
ֹˣշҲٴһʱй֮ӵϣɽڸĵ͵һȻҰ
һ𶯣֮ϣִӾʮһǰʮλϰ񵥵Ľ𵤾
£а¡
ƻں˵Żȡ𶯲ѵһۣȻ󻰾˵ȥˡ
±ϵÿһʶôһͿأ
ƻа۾˳ڳ֮ϮɽһˣԪӤϮԪӤǿߡһ𵤾̲ܾ֮ˣ
ĬĬţζȣۡ
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Ƴ˱ãƻһۣɵˣǿὣ飬ǿҪԭ򡣡
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ˡԹԵɽˮƻ¶ٶҲ飡
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ƻһ㶣ǴϲܿתΪɻ
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ƻһɻ󣬸ղŻһ뿪ʱȴǶǰЩ档
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⻰˵ƺЩ⣬ƻ̧ȥ뻰кЦȴŵˣԼԼ¶һĨ
ͺĳˡ


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лϷʿôһΪ˵ڵؽ˾Ͱ಻סأȻӲܽ飬ڹɽ

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֮ӣǱ˵ĳؽ磬Բֶܿ飬ܾô˶顣
ǸţǸţϲƲĵͬÿαϾ·ǰܻʱһ·׼ȷ˵ĴԵ
Ǵ˵еˣȻ֮ӣעõĴڣֻһŸΪʢ
䲻βһУɳ֮׷ɱ͵ϮƵҹӵ㲣ϲͰҲΪʶܵõʱĲ䣬״̬ԽԽ
ʵ֮뼸ཻλԪӤǿ߻ϲͰҲг֮ʤܻ˵׼ʻǰ֮鲻УϾΪãܷӳʵ
仵ͻڲӦУֻܣʱʱɧһ£ͻȻնһܣȻŻȵ䵥ٳ֡
һʤɧţ˾Ǻ޲ƴȫ˰֮Ҳ޼¡
治ɫưܲʶϲͰȴ̲סʶĲţʲôĪ׷̶ﶼãô侲׷ɱ£ڵȵΪ֮ӽµġء
º⿪һϹǿĶ֮ǡɾʹ粻ʶ֮ҲϹǿĲʶܹΪʱӦ
Ҳɵӣϵʶʱֻ֣װգΧķ˶Ű֮ȡܽһش
˽ݴʶը׼ѧһը˰֮飡֮һˣ㲻Ϊ壬˿Ժܿ쾲ָʶ
ʵȴԤϣ侹Ȼûɰָ֮ʶ
ʶȴỊ̄ɬԼȻػһɲ²͸룬Ȼ֮ǸǿĲʣֱֱɱ䣬ϱӵʹ
ϹǿߵĶгʶһЩҩر£ȻʶָӯˣϲͰȴǳϦָܻ֮ģ֪ͨ¾֪һû
һ£֮һ׷ɱɣмξ𵤾ҲƵòò֣Ҳû뵽һѲһʱ֪Ϊ׼ʲôԵվջҪԼѰ·
ǰ֮շŭ֮顣
ü򵥣䲻֪Ҫ׷ɱǵ£֮鲻ϱǵǰʹǾؽԽԽԶȻˣֻ취׽֮飡
ȻϲͰΪ˶ƥУͺˣ뵽˳ڵؽŭ֮顣
ŭ֮ڽ֮еģϲͰҪǿȫʢİ֮Ҳ٣˵ǶԸһʵİ֮飬ֻҪɹշŭ֮飬ܽǰ˵һٽܡ
һļ䣬֮ض˵ѶȣΪ׷ɱֻ뽫Ͼɱ뵽ֻΪ޶ë
ô޷ؽǴŭ֮ǰ󲿷ֽǿƿʼģŭ֮Ҳ⣬˸ոտ룬㱻Уܽ뽣ȴǲеġ
ʶҲûԼ֮ͣ⣬ð֮;֮ȥŭ֮ıʹһ٣ŭ֮ˡ
һ֪ǾǽȻǿ󣬵ÿ϶Ǵһӡģӡֻ֮Żƿ
ԭΪΣΪѿ̫⣬лһЩĽ飬׹콣ǽ鲻ԸʿΪã½ԺԵػΪ˼䣬Բżһǵķӡ
һʵļ飬ĻҲ޷Ȩ֮󣬷ӡȻˣΪȴҪܵƣӶž췴Ŀԡ
ˣûŭ֮鲻̫ǿʵİ֮ͿƥУ˵иηηºֵľ֮ڡ
ŭ֮ܿͱıףŭ֮ΪŭΪƲŭΪ֮ʱ׼ŭǰ
ŭ֮鱻ŭͷԣһҪʹ̫İ;壬˲Ϊƿӡ֮;֮飬ȴ˾ȻֻĽһģ
֪ŭ֮ŭЩ⼸ƶ˵С˻ը
˸ɵóô
˵֮ȣòϿ˳۵лΪŭ֮͸ˣڳʱѣһһϽȦף֪ôġ
ŭ֮鲻Ƣ󣬶³嶯ۣҪһԱȴһ伤ﶫȻ𶼲챬ַҲҪ
ȻȻŭ֮Ϲˡ
֮;֮һۣͬ鿴ŵŭ֮飬ȴĬû
ͬ˼ºϲ˵ȴǾȶֲ
ʿΪѪĴڣƫƫֺû˱飬ļһǽҲ¡
һУ֮꣬ߵ׹콣֮䣬ֻʣһ֮鲻֪


102 ѷ
赭дĻ䣬ٿձѪĵùŭ֮飬ƻһʱ𾪵˵
⡢Ҳܸɳ£
ԭ֮ΪɵѾƻдһˣû뵽׵Ļںͷŭ֮ȣ֮ܵǵίʲô
ͬظź÷ڵŭ֮飬ŭ֮鲻ͷ˦˦ԴȻ顣
ٶһΪһ˵òжݣŭ֮ȴЩ޼ͬĲΪƻԭŭ֮У˶һģ
ΪŭƬŭΪԿƵ飬ʼղܰŭ⡣
ŭҲԳΪŭ֮еķֻ֣֮޹ƤңƻϸܲȻƻҲûʲôøС
ô崿Ľƻǵһμ棬ʱʱҪŭ֮һ£۲ķӦһٶһ԰ɽˮò׻صȴİ֮;֮ͷݣֻ޲ʱ⵹ػصؽ֮أŭ֮ˣ
ŭ֮鱻ƻɧһͲͷˣʶȥˣ֮;֮ȴߣ뿪ƻ̫ãǵȲҪƻ⵽ŰܵŹֵպΣʶǿľ֮齫֮ϻʶ
ֻһʧªСֻʣƻˡ
ûнͱƻ׳Ĭþҳľɾ侶£ȫע
һʱ֮䣬һš
֮£ֻԵΪؽݣʱƻǰȴӲͶѹ
ƻ˵Ҫֵռͷϣһ̨£ȻΧޱΣҲ촽󵽵һЭƳš
û˰ɣ
ƻʱ뵽ܻңܻΪʲôлһ𣬸һ㣬Ҳܶ˵ֱˣåȴû㵽һϻս
Ȼʱ£ٳ嶯ļҲȴ˸߰˰ˣƻƳһۣʲô£㻹Ҹʲô
䳤̵۽޲һ£¶һֻЦΪˡ
ƻһҭû䳰ȷǰִֻϣ˳ĺֻ޺СƻظҺ㡣

Ȼ֮û̫òϸĶͣͷһҲˣǵģʽġ
һŹƻĵƤңĳ̶ֳҲעҪǾ壬ǱƤƣоҲһչȻһƻǵƤңȴƻڻϡ
Ѱ˵鶼Ǻдأ۾ȴǼΪĺɫҪͫױԵһȦΪڳ͵˵רעעĳʱ·ǣԷȫ۵ס
ƻôţ˼һң˵Ļˣòȴ˵ڡ
ΪͻȻץסֱףͬǰϦжǰһ
һˡƻûӦ䴽һôߵûţҲù£֪Ϊε֪ҵݣҪЮң˵ֻ²Ų
Ȼ֪ˣƻǵһ֪ҪЮ䡣
ȻתһעʶʣҪЮ
зɿһĨЦ⣬ſʼװҡ
ǣƻǰղŻ񲻴ɫ𽥲԰֮ǰ˵˳ڽҪ֮кʲôڷɿϵƻֻԽԽ
ûãǷӴӵϣһ˫ֱ۽סϵѹ
ƻǴֵչĸǰĽͶˣôĿֱ𽥽Ӳͣ˲ֵĶ
Ȼԭ򣬵ȥؽҵľʱͬգɵŪɳ׾ûн˦
˵⣬ԭ޴ȴȾһ˿ãȻֻܿΪᶨǿ߽ɽҵʱܱ¶᲻Ҳ᲻ùڵؽ磬Ȩ֮ŻִֿҴ𣿡
һ˵üֱоݣ˫һбòϵɫƻǿҲûҵʲô©
˵úֿûнһй̸ȴƻΪһ㣬ƻһֱֻȥؽ֧ȥ£ΪǸۣԼķ֮·ȴǰǰ޴ãѯԼ
ƻʵƿԣվڵƸߵģȴ֪ôͱ
ҲһĨãд
˻ȴ֪еΪħܹ֮ٿѣôĲٿ±ǲϱ׹콣£䣬Ҫὣд
Ҳô˽ȥչأһƴһֶὣ顣
ɼȻûȴ棬ѵˡ?
ƻãȻˡ
ȥܾﲻ̫ԣʵ벻Ȼʾ֭ôشʱֲƻϵַȼС˳ѩ߮ȴΪ׽һһĨƻϲı˵Ϣ
лӣ룬ڹСеϢҲͬһһͶҷ
ƻţǼ⣬Ҳɾˣڵղָ֪ƽƺ˷ֿǰûʲôȴδɢȥ
ֻǿƶѣµʱҲƺ̣ܶȴ㹻̫£㹻ıһ״
ڵؽ飬շʵŭ֮飬ʵ㹻ʶ硣
Ҳƻ֪ΪȾϢ֪лӳϦദ˶á
ƻڲ֪սһΣȻƻ¶Ҳû֡
֪ΪΣΪŹֵٿǰƻ߷һĨЦ
תһ˵һΣص뿪֮գʱ㽫ƻ취ȡ׹콣
ϧʲô֮ӣֻǸпĽ֮Ӱˡ


103 ԭ
ñطƻٿ䣬˼İ
µȷ̫飬䲻֪ƻʲôƻҲһ֪⣬ֱĴ˱ֳˡ
ƻɶǰ΢΢գȻϣȴеܳ㲻һúҽ̫ô
䣺
ƻڵؽײаˣ
䣺
ƻˣûдûһԼû¶ֵ˵ÿ仰˲ţ
óͷദ꣬Ļһа׵ӣ
У־ͳ˷֮·ĵʯȻǿһ٣ҲûţҪôˣҪôҪΪħ鶼ýã
֮£Լôҵĵʯ
أ쵰˵߿͸߿ˡ
Ȼвģǳʱô˵ѵĸźƻ侲ˣ˵úʲôãʱ㲻Ҳ˳ƶΪ˼
⻰һıͽӲˡ
ƻȴ߼ԽȼҶˣˣ㵱ʱͣȴĿĺƵͷϣ㵱ʱͣѾ㱾Ͳһ·
촽ն£ͱƻһסˡ
û˵꣬˵쵰תص㣬һھǣߣ
ΪʲôҽͣΪڵؽ˰ɣ˺Ķ֮⣬ֳ˵õĻԵұߣ
ƻԽԽеʼڵؽͣ꣬ڲ¾ܻģϸ֮£һĪ͵ϮʱӦлһͬչصʱ
ƻɵ߰ߣ֪Һлһ𣿡

䡰һʾԼͣû취˵
ƻ֣ĿƵصԴԲܱĻơ
ػɵ촽ʵֵزҲŵġ
˵лĺƤƻϲľʲôʱܴݲȣͺûʲôһ
ԼҲС
ƻԾ촽лȴ˰ء
̾˿ҹֻΪ𣿡
ǲ֪Һлһ𣬱תƻ⣡
ӡǱĨȥˡ
Ҿ֪ƻһվһţ쵰ԶԶ߿Ҫӡһֱڣ㻹¾ң
Ҳһͬվ
յµһ˵ü˳۵վƻǰ᣺Ҳԣ֪ˡ
㡭
һȭ޻ϣƻ˫۵ɵùԲֹϴ̬˭˵һ޳ܣ
ˣҺû˵Ҫˡ
˵Ҳ˵ƻҲԸ˷ѿˮôѾӦлˡ
ſȥȴһסȥģ
ȥлӣղҪͻȻ֣ҲܣҴӦչӣŭ֮飬;ҲԸ㣬Ҷ˵ûô
ɫѿˣ

ƻʮתͷ⻰ôôء
˭˵ϲˣ˵ˣлʮ˶֮һҵġг裬ʲôģ
꣬˵г衯ʱƻⲻȡ
һˮйѵƣü
ģԹͶģ
ƻ˵Ϲǲϲץ
ô۽޴£ŨܵĽëӰͻȻԳƵЦûǲϲĻʲôʮ˶һ㹻Ϊ㻤ˡ
ƿߣûע⵽˿ƻϡضƣһգһգģ˴롣
ǰЩҶͦϲģҢβͻңûβ;Ͳϲˡ
Ͼǳôܲ飿
ƻҪȴԼִ棬ƻ̵һ˦˿
Ȼһ룬ǰĴ˲һֻë׵Сֱ꣬β⣬Ҫ㿳˰ɡ
ƻ
ÿƻԼ˾ʱ䶼һַԭش͡
Ƭ̣ƻһҪȥлӣҴӦˡ
ȥɡ
㻹ңȥô
ŭ֮Ȼ֮飬οˣٴƻҲð;ƫ̻һ
Ǳľ֣ȴ赭дõҡ
ƻ֪ǹģϲô̽ѡ񣬵ȴǲˡ
㲻͸šƻѺϵҲû˸ţ뿪Сԭ·ǰɽķ档
ССһֻſĿнԶӰ붶˼£βڽ˦˦ȥ
ŭ֮ʶ˾䡰áȼǧŭΪԱ΢ƽϢһ˿
Ϸƽ˾ĺβһ˦ؽŭ֮˦ɰ֮⡣

շһֻƢла˳Ľ飬

ɽƾʧϢ缤˾κˣ
һգ˽綫ЩҪǳһʱ
˴ǿ߳Ҳ˴ǿĶ֮鱩д˵³棬ԱֻΪ¡֮ܶħ嶼۴£²⵽Ǻε̽һ֪˼ǧľɽΪƽأ
̶̰յĹ򣬱ǿ߸ɽ̽;н岨ƻʶ˲ߺϢת䣬Ҳ˸·ٶȡ
ûϢתηθӷ㣬ƻ˵ֳôĶлӲܻԭأҪʧˡ
ܡ
ҵĹ
ƻ˼ϵĺ꾫һۣĵֻҪ㲻Գ֣û˻Ầҡ
һһɽɽȥڷһԺڵɽһĵεΡ
ƻû˵ʪȵĴͻȻһڣ˸
ʲô
ƻգϵĺһ޹ػš
ŲߣƻҲûʲô취οֽƻرë׵С󣬿ƻ᲻
ڴʱϢԶɽ˶еϤϢ
ʶ٣ƻӦø죺Ҷ֮
ǼϢ֮ױҶ֮ɴ˿ƶӦǰӱ̽鱨
겻Ҷ֪֮˺ְ취ֽȻͻԪӤڣʵС
ƻʶɨͷ꣬ԥһ£ժϢתںԴϣ㣬Ƿ
Ƴ۽ָľй⻪תұɱˣ
ƻغ顣
ԪӤڡʶ٣ŭ֮ϸʮȴʤ㡣
һԭļƻ֪ʮ˶ж񣬸˵±ʾ顭
Ȼ𶯣ƻȡһܺãˡ
Ȼͨŭ֮ճֲã±Ͼٴθ˽
ƻͽЩгġԴסУ֮;֮鱾ϣȴ䱳˹黹˽飬ӦҲù黹Ϣת䡣
ӦһԽԽ֪ǷǸӦϢתƻѵü
Ҫ⸱ӣҶ֮лӣǶβ͵ļҢܰɱˣҺûûԩģָһ㡣
Ͱ͵غһʲôû˵ĴβͲ˲ƻĲ
ûϢת䣬ûҪٴˣƻߣҪôҶ֮кּȻ΢磬Ю˿˿µŵ滨㡣
ѩէй
һ˫ɫǳɫ˫ֱֱƻϣʶƻһ㽫ġգֱŻϵƻغϣҶ֮ŻһĨǳЦ
μ깧
ƻ³ȣתټ·ơ
δ꣬滨ѩһ봺ݡ


104 ǰ
þû˲μˣƻɰͰЦ񡣡
ʶͷĺأ̧һŷ䲻֪ʱӺ˰֮ģ
Ҷ֮Ŀ޵ӹ䣬Ȼƻɽֳ˺ܴĶȻڸ֪ʲô
Ҳ·̫
Ҷ߽֮ƻ̲ס˰벽΢ľٶҶ֮Ųһͣʣڷң
ƻо̫ԣæҡҡͷ
ǹΪˡ
ƻʾ󵽴ʮӣ㣬ֻǲŰ󡣡
ദˣ֪ģƻҲѧ˼˵˻˵ı£Ȼ⻰һҶ֮ͻЩ
õģЩҡֲ֮ĵӣֻҵ
Ǿͺá
ƻװ˿Ҷ֮һɨͷʱɫؽ֮顱ս
ССĹܿģɢ貵⣬·˲ƻֱۣƻشһơ
ǡ飿
Ҷ֮ûշ飬Ϊӣ鱨Զһˡ
ô˻ᣬƻ˰֮ĹǶڰؾİ֮飬շġ
˻һҶ֮ڶһƬȻ㣿䡭
ƻһŰˣüҲ֪֮һֱҵģ鱨©С
һڰֻŪ˽ѣɲ֪ΪΣЩӱֵ쳣
ԪӤǿپѣƻԼСѯʣƪ±ǸԱдôô᣿

ƻ΢±ոָŭ֮԰ڸ
̲סܡ
أԭеĶλƻ࣬ǻڴеֻ֪Ϊī
Խ֮ƻ֪˰볤ưлͨޣͶī˼ֹעһ󵨵Ĳ²⡣
īòװɣ
ǰɽӱڵؽ磬а֮ӰӡҶ֮ƽȴǻл
֮ڵؽ磬ֳƻߣ˵ص˽磬ɽıйء
ƻûĻתҪߡ
ʮ˶ѳΪȥЩػ˫Ѿ޹ϸлǸˡ
ȻɽȥҶ֮ȰҲԻ˳·
Ҷ֮ҢǰɫˣҲлƵĽ׷šսߣñط꣬Ҷ֮һƻľһ㣬·ƽ̸
һʼƻ֮ЩţҶ֮Ȼˮ̬Уͷ˾衣
ֹɽ˱ʣڣҲҲϣߵʧԵǿ߱㽫ע˽ڣϡ
ƻ˶٣봳뽣ڣǰ׹콣壿
Ҷ֮ͷ
ҵڣ籩ķˣ
ĿǰûУȥԣҵܿ籩·
˭뵽ķ
ٻħ壬飬ڵؽ紴׹̣ؽ˸츲أٻħڵؽ֪꣬סˡ
ڣĶûйӦǰڲ֪鱨Ҷ֮ȴ޹˼ɵظƻ
̽ɽһȥڣ̽շ˰֮飬׹콣Ȥ
ƻûȤи˱ȻȤģ䣬ϸ
ߵ黨ļңֱڹлӡУշ֮лǿƫ֮ӣսԤϣڣǾֵһ 
ݹ;ƻƳҶ֮һۣ΢΢ãڰʾȥڣȡ׹콣
Ҷ֮ϣսΣգѾշ˽飬ٴⳡгԴУȡȻ
Ҷ֮˵úеƻȴΪû£롣
Ҷ֮һͣµҲһ
Դ֪ڶǿ֮鶼ŵñƻûʲôµˣοû룬ڵʵҲûһս֮
ͬһ·һ·˹ɽ֮սģ˴ֽտһƬֻԫϱڿ֦˿ϢлӹȻԭˡ
ƻʶڸѰһ·İǰҶ֮ǰԶмҴɮˡ
Ҷ֮˵ƻǳӽƬ̺󣬾ûгǰֻ˵һ䡰ġ뿪ˡ
ߵĸɴ࣬ƻе㷴ӦֱҶ֮ӰʧŻ૵ѹǰϲȥ
Ҷ֮ʵ̫֪ˡ
ӳһѽƻУ룬ɲʲô˾ӣ֮Բ֣Ϊûʤˡ
ƻ̧ȥһʹߣΪ˴ֽؿڴҲҲǡ
ƻûΪ˶һô򣿡

շִıҲһͷƻǰȷ֣ƽʵлӣƼҢֲֹϲʲô
ûʤ£ֻмҢִŻǰͷ˵ǹʹҶ֮ƣ֪ʱýʱˡ
ͻȻЦȻһԭ򣬾Ҷ֮ûô⹬ˡ
˵ǹֵûô⣬Ȼ˵
ʮ˶пƽ侲ĮʵȴܿԼʵҶ֮һͨƻʧ̬Ⱦܿ
Ҫ֪ʧǰƻȥı滨ʧ֮ƻȥ滨Ĵָˡ
ǰķҶ֮δʧعʱҲǰ㼤
˵ƻ˵һʼ֪ԼӮļ΢΢ԲκڴѡһԹߡ
ѡһʮ˶ɵˣֻѡҶ֮
Ҷ֮һֱ侲Գ֣ڶķлãһҶ֣֮Ȼ˰˳ɵİա
ԽԵԽΣգһˣжߵ죬Ҷ֮һٵߵ档
ɱؿҶ֮뿪ķɱζΡ
ƻǳ鴤ʣ㲻ɱô
תͷǹа֮ʱɢЦ˵ʲôɵôɱ㡣
Ǿǳɱ¡
ƻԵظлһĲɱ֮תҲҶ֮Ļˣȥڣ׹콣壬лӣҲҾͻسˡ
ĬΣ簵̶˫ƻ֪ǷΪҹɫĴ綼˼֡
Ͷ϶һȥڣ
ƻޱطʣȥȥ
ƻѾˣֻҪֳһĶ˼֤ƻͣµĸоڶ顣
εΣһһͱȴж
ġ
ߡ
ƻСšװģװڹɽת˰ӣȷлĲں˼䣺˵᲻ҲյϢȥڣȥˣ
ԣü
л֮鶼ϡȥ׹콣ĿԿ֪ƻ᲻֪
̽Ȧף
ӦԣӦòȥ
ƻζƳһۣҾûᣬҴȥڣ
ݲˣüҪڣ
û½ȥֻȥΧҶѣҪԼ
ƻȥڣлӣȡ׹콣壬˶֪
ЩţƻԸһ˿һı飬Щƣȥڣ
šƻͷ֮棬õزһ䣺ȥлӣɽԶ
û˵ֻ̽Եգƻľȴû㿪˫֡
̿ˮԼЩЦƯô꣬ʲôûȴͷûڽš
ŵĵҵˣ
ƻشĺɣֶܿ˶٣鲻Ը˵ֲ
һֱƻԹյֻ˦ȥؽ磬ȥؽȡ飬ڼȻ˼뽣ĻᣬȻҲϣɹԱĽ֡
ο֪佫ѹ£ðž޴ķԱʶΪ˾ƻѾرˡ
Ա˵ܻȴ˾ٶǸ˵ж಻˼顣
뵽⣬ƻָбҪԱʶô
ֻҪζû⡣Ϣս
ƻĽëһʣΪʲôң
ǵ£ǹˮǧʽ׵ģ˼ݹ𣬱˫ɺ
ձû˴ݼ䣬ƻһεסţһĨΡ
ƭӡ
ղżװˣһ¶ƺ߳ת۵ĹͳȬˡ

ͬʱʮ֮ĳѴׯ
ʯбڼ䣬лӴ֮ббݶϣۿŲԶƮƮҶ֮
Ҷ֮ӶǣɢǰɻңöٻħľڽڣΧٻħʰУ⣬ίаˡ
˵⣬Ҷ֮΢٣лһЦԪӤ۷ѹʢһˣҵθڣ
أ
ôӸ˱ܱ֤꣬Ϣй¶ȥ
Ҷ֮лϳŪ֮ɫŨ־ͽ֮鵱ʯͷһ˹ȥٷϻ˵͹鵽˾ͱﲻ˶ãӵϢԼ
Ҷ֮ܿҧ֮飬ˣйħ֮ӵϢܱﵽΪ׿¹Ҫıܼ򵥣ܰҳһξ͹ˡ
ԣлӳĬãҶ֮ˣӦҲ޷Ϣֵۣ
Ǿͷˡ
õȷеĴ𸴣Ҷ̧֮ӣǻһЦƣٻħû㸸ףлȷһŮӵһӣҲǴŻħ֮ӡ
лӲͷ˵Щ֪ƨ˭
ʮǰٻħлˮڵŵӽйϣúһһɽ͵͵һӣûǺӻֲ̿Ϊ˱ȫӣ˺ľΪΪӡħлϣΪӤȡ
ʱлӲɫʮ˽ʿֻ̫࣬עսлޣδлĸħԸ
ԽˣͷԽŨлΥعʱĸҲᱻ֮
֮ͷɻأټ⻯Ϊʵʵ鰮֮лֻ˵ᷳģأʲô
ɺϵǣħ֮Ҷʶ
лסˡ
˼ʱ䣬Ҷ֮۽΢΢ɫ˸л䣬¥˫d
лͽ񡭲ǵħ֮ӵǰӹǼġ


105 
ڣɽݹȥֻ費յĽų̡
ӹɽǰڣ·ϣ;һǳЪϢ£ƻͼòײŽʶ޸
ʶܷɲǣһ̱ڵأԼͬŭ䡣
ըʶͱָ˰ʰ̯ӣ
Ц紺棬ı˵Ļұ֤Ժֻը飬ùôˡ
ŭ֮飺
Ľ飬ȷԱˡԱ˵Ž˵ģ
ŭ֮ŭʿɱ裡ھըˣ
ĮȻƳһۣұƵҪ죬ԼҲˣˣ֮ڳаհը
ŭ֮˵ȴֲͷذ˰֣ˣ㱬ɣﶫŰۣ
ŭ֮飺
ŭ֮鼸ǧʲôûʱȴ伸仰ûֱ¡
ԪӤﶼƾʲô
ŭ֮ðȴǲԱˣ˵öԣ֮ڳԱҲһը䣬ǻʲô
֮;֮˵ŭ֮ԶЩһԱȣԽƻԽ˳ۣԽԽϲһСľ֮飬ʱͰ͵شյƻ
ƻһ䣬ͬ鿴һ۱ŭ֮飬˵ĸӣǲ̫˵㣿
һն񣬲ܱպԸĿ
ƻ㶼˼ҸˣбĿ
ɹŹ֣̾˿ûôŭ֮ŭȼԽϢҲ֮΢
ƻ䣬۾
ͷ״̲ס̧۽ǣЦıԴ飬Ҳ룬˵Ƭ⣬Ҳͨͻ
㡢ô֪ƻڴߣ̲ס׷ʡ
µġ䵭֮ΪΪе־壬֮ѡǳڰĽ֮飬ܺҲ⣬Խ˵Ȼкܴĺô
侪޵üۼǳ費·һزʲô˵£ⲻ֪ƻ˿
Ϊﶼûд
ʶٿŭ֮飬Ȼ΢ŭ֮Ϣȷȸղǿһ˿˿
ƻˡ
ѹֻع󣬰֮ʵûʲô仯֮ȴǿ˲٣ԭǱŵģ
ƻʣ˵ǹŭ֮飿Ϊǿ
תߣ˵˾䡰ǰɡ

ƻͬŭ֮ԲԴ
ԭ䣬Ȼǲŭ֮ǿ˰ɡ
ŭ֮Ƣ󣬱Сֲͷؽƻִһߣܻʶ
Ŀһץסƻ̹ǣ𼱣ը
ƻҲûôء
һʼֻ֣ţָͻڡ
ƻӨ񣬸ĵϵɫѪ乴ϵĿãͻȻס
Ĵмƻɪһ£˲ֵ̣û
գգۣһƵˮ飬ֻǱţƻ¶ȾͲܿƵӿ
һףʲôֱ˵
ƫͷЦЦȥ֣˵ʲô
ҸʲôǶħ

ƻһ硱׽ֻǱĵı飬ЩΣȴ֪ƻҲš
֪ΪΣƻǸˡ
ʵŹ뽣ڣķ
ƻ¶һȻĿġı飬䣬¶Ҳ˵Ͽġ
Ȼ̫ģ˾飬˵ڣҪԿ׿
Կף
ţԿס
֮Уܹɳ뽣ڣΨн飬ڣб뽣ͬԴ֮ǵطǶԺͻؼҲ࣬ڷȴޱΣգǽ֮óȻ룬³ҲֻǱ籩˺Ƭ
УΨеõԿײпܡ
ƻ⿴һۣ־ĸһȷûֱϵΣк󣬹ش뻹˵ԿӦñˣ̵ֻ֪ġ
ˣ
ţһνȽ⣬ʱץֻһ
۽һ飬֪ƻϸڣ˵ɷнµģŭ֮顣
ƻҲ֮;֮ѯʣ鶼һãȻڣҪԿ״򿪶֪ŭ֮ͬˡ
ȻϣǱֻʣϲͶˡ
ԭУմż鵽˽ڣſڣԿױԶϸˣ˭ﻹ治˵
ƻˣҲȥ˽ڣǸ׼ûԿװ˳ϲͰϡ
֮ãͻȻôһԿף˴ʻ񱣹ܡ
ƻһ٣֮飿
֮ͷѵࣺԣ񡭺ǿǳǿ½շ׹콣ûгıҪΪЩ˲䣡
ƻͬʱüһΪãһΪð֮˵úе
ԭУȥڣʱ֮ȻûΪȴһ·ͬеġ
ƻ˼ڶ֮ϣǽڣһʱǴ򲻿ˣԷһǻȥһ˰ɡ
ƻڵ͵ˣɾûô͵ˡ
֮һ裬ԭлһҹƵ˷˼⣬ٻħշתߣԽڣ̽Խ϶£ʹǧ
Ȼ˵ڻҴ壬򲻸ˣǧΪۣٻħ޾ԨҵһܹܿѪ·ȻʹǴҲ޷ڣ
ٻħǧ겻жȻûôɵӣǲ֪ڣҪԿףȴ׾뵽˽顣
ƻȻҶ֮˵˰;嶼Ľ飬֮󣬷±ûид
Ҳ˵УĽ֮Ψлӡ䡢ˡ
лʵǿ᲻侫ͨݹĪ⣬ΨֻһССĽ𵤣ӵȻҪǷٻħעͷϡ
뿪˵ؽ磬ȴŭ֮£ò׻ص˽磬ͱٻħ˴˸š
ڷ±ϿϢʱƻҪ̲ס³һѪǵҲʵ̫ù˵㣬ô׾ͱץ
ƻתһ룬֮ûΪԭҲƵľ飬ٻħ²ûþͽٻħս˺󹬡
ٻħǰ벽Ĵڣݺؽ磬ǰ·̹ƣħعħ֮ӵݡ
ʱݷٻħ֣Ǽ΢͵Ľָ
ƻܿͨ߼ʶץס½ǣڷٻħУٻħӦû뽣ڣš
ƳһƻĶ΢Щ
ƻԽԽٻħɵľлӣڴʱΪУοɽڶڣʵͬץ󣬴ʲƣǡ̸ϡ
÷ٻħɽ
ƻͷǲ²⣬һ
ڵɽǶħ׹ɵ¥УƻͿνɱɱħΪһ˽õĽڰˣһ谭ǴˣĻʲôа֣֮
ٻħлӣɽΪȡ׹콣ֹҪлӣҪ㣬ǺܿʱȽ뽣ڣ˵
ȷܡ
仹ڶƻץԼ·ֿƺ׹콣ʧȤ
ƻԹԵ૵ԣٻħڽڣôĶʱɶˮڡ
һ䣬һлٹأǻýڣ¶棬ͬʱһٳǣ
Ĳ˵ܳ䣬ˮһ׵壬ͬʱлӡʮ˶ճҡ콣ɢޣȻᶦ
뵽ƻͻȻ˸Ƿٻħİ취
ƻ³çħԭ鵱Уħսһʵѹɱɱɱ˾ܣмһƣþƽ赶ɱ˵ֶΣ֮֡
ѵ
ĪǡǷٻħϵ˷ٻħ壿
ƻȻת䣬ʣ֮ǰ˵˷財û˵Ҫɱ㣿
ˡ
ú룡
䱻ƻƵͷǹͻ£Ե˳Ǹǿˡ
üʣը飬ֵŭ֮飬ɱң
ǲһƻ֪ôֻ֪ͣԭѾ񹲷ˣֱ֣û¶Ҫɱ
һΣΪĽ룬Ͷ䶯ɱ⡭
˵ƽ˵˼ʮɣ蹷һ
˻
ƻһڣˣˡ
йͷشϣС
ɫࣺ
ԭ㹻ǧУûڿʼɱֻ˵һУıԭи֣
δǰʶƻ˵һҲƻģΪĲ룬̶ɱġ
һ巢ʲô¾ֻ֪ˡ
²²⣬ڣҪȥġ
׹콣̫ǿǱõɾǱĽ֣
Ļټһٻħ˼仹ǵؽ磬İ֮
׹콣ѵԴͷҪɱɣҪɱǣ˭ӮĽֶ̫á
ƻһͷ˼ȥ취ȻֻһȻ˭׹콣ɿǻأ
һɱˣ׹콣عҲû˸Ҷ֣δܱħ֮ӡ
ֻҪû֤һ̫ƽʢ
˲翿ƻҧҧ¶ģҪȥշ顣
Ȼڻעǣʹ䣬ȥǸõķɣ


106 
ӹɽǰڣ·ϣƻмƻ֪䡣
仹̼µףܿ죬˿±㱻ȡҪǰڣ
ƻͷڶڸڣزֻ׼ٻħ͵ɽ룬ǿΪһԪӤ۷ǿߣΪʲôܽ
ƻֹҪҪĽͶųݽ
ͫģӳƻˣ׼ȥ
ƻһ֡ڲװˡı鿴뵽ʲôͻȻЦ˳ʮ˶֪˶٣ôῴ㣬˭ɱ㡣
Ǻһ·ƻ˼˰ĴڣǺͳʿײƻҲһµȥ֡
ҷ±Ľ֮ûҵ֣ҲǵĿ꣬ڳֻǸħͷѣû˻ҳ֡
ǰ˵û½ȥҪԼ
˵ġ
⻰Ҳ˵ġջĿ⣬ŭ֮鲻֪ʱ˳һſͷƬ
ˣ
ƻգգۣ벻ͨΪʲô
ۼڣǰǿϢͬ˰ӿƻͣ½Ųʱ㣬̫İΣ
㲻ϾԶЩ֮취ȥβαװҺȡ

˵գƻҲʲô̬ȣѸײڶ֮ƶݹ⳯ڣȥ
ɫڣԪӤڵΪ׷ƻֻۼڽڣգڼž
ƻֵɲǣɽˮڡԵȡħͬʱס˺һЩΪǳĵʹ۾Ϊ˻þ
ƻһ̶
ƻɻȥǱıࡣ
Ȼ绨Ц̫ˣΪԺԲء
⻰˵ûͷûβȴһʯǧˣڳ˶
Ŵӳƽӳʼһ˵ǱƻͽСħͷΪƳˣһƨƻħͷħ
ŻǱƻһȦŷ治١
ǳһ׹̺ճؽ粨漴ɽҲΪƽء
Ŵе׹콣¶ýߵ÷ĴԽϣԵ֪漰׹콣΢еóŵǿ߼ˣʮ˶һڳǰиǽ¶棬״γڴҰ
ƻ֮ǰϵʿѰо̾пŽǼ˳棬ƻֺݾֱ̾תΪޡ
ղ˻ипھԴһƬհףֱؿԶĨʤѩ£ʲôҲ˵ˡ
ȻеͷŶˣȻҲ⡣
ƻֵ˲䣬Ŵ죬ƻ˵Աʱһ룬Ǳ׷룬˲䱻ᵽƻߡ
ͨһƻǰëͲᣬع
겻ģҲһĴɤš
ڲɵʱƻս˵˾䡰ˡֳķȥɨЩĳӣ鸴ԡ
أʡ
Ĩ˰ѷ۽ǣʵǸ쵰û˵ڳȹ
ƻĨȥ۽ǵ飬мЩʧ֮С
֮ʣûע⵽˷ʱŹա
޾ԨǿƼĿⲻɱرǶȡ¹ԵӰֻǹĳͷ⣬һ˿ڣ
㾧Өմʪɫָ⣬Уñһ׵ͼнһīɫɵγѡ
ֻǼ򵥵һľٶյʮ˶ۣҲ޵֮˵ġ
ɱ˷ϮȻ˸飬ܿȥѽͷ
ûڿôֱɱǧٱĸо
ƻʵҲڲ죬ǰߵĶ˽šɱƻа̡ͼ񡱣ôһ֣ЩͻȻˡ
˵Ŀ궼ȷǶȡ׹콣壬õĻԵǰû˭ȥʲô֮ʿ
Ȼû˴ƻȻҲǣĲȥЩεĳӣʼȺѰϢ
ڣؾǰ㱻ĳŰѿأ׹콣ʱڶһ޾Ԩ
иڣλ·;޴壬ƬصԨ޿֮ϣԵСĲ˼顣
ûҵƻĿ·µԨˮһţԶԶžһεĺĻñݷҰ޲ʳκв
ƻٻħѾ뽣ڣˣ
ûдȥˣһֱûж
ƻָȻսֽķж˽ȥˣ
һȥ˲࣬̽·ģҶ֪Ԩ֮°óȻοٻħ˲ţħ·֮ڽڣн콾һ򾡡
ѹʮ˶Ŷûȥƻ룬ֵԸĶΧӣ
ǰɡץ֯ԣһȥҲҪȷǰȫ｣ڣҶ֮콾Ż
ƻˣЩԨ֮⣬£ڵȴһ̽·ߴϢȷϰȫ󣬲ŻɸŽ롣
û˵׹콣һȥ˶ߣ
ЦһòۣʱȴǳؿԼҹģⶫаŵĺܣһ˿̲ôĻԵ֪ڣ֮оһҲֻҧɳһԡ
⻰˵ĵû˹ƽͲڻ֮֡
һתЦʮþȣȻˣ׹콣ضǳУ
ƻգе飬ܿǿԼ
뷭ڻҲǺڻңһΪľǶȡ׹콣
УȻֹһ룬ĽǿΨƻȺ㣬˿Ŀ⾪֮ļɵ
ԭƻʵ̫
ʮԪӤ۷壬ȵ;Ҳ˵˿ɱȣ׷ݵŨǧǰ¶ָ
Եһƫţ⼸֮˵硡
˶עת׿ϣпʮߣͨؽǻۺǣҲǿ۷սƻ֮µŷᣬĸԸΪҡ
ЩٶȲںճ׹̣й֮޲ȣƻ콥Ϊ˹Լ˵ģôħͷ˼
ҲţƻϢȥ֮ӡһ˵治һ˭ҡ
ƻ˸ֻעǰڣⲻ֪ķӰѾڸ
ӿµԨĻ·˼˿
˶ڵȽڣϢʱ󣬷ͻȻ
ƻóһưϾ˲䰵ʮ֣һЩǵϽǿߡ
ڣɧ
˿󺰵üһһ˾Ȼɾˣզֻ꣬ǻҿӢ䣬ûóӽȥ֣
֪һȫ˵ʱƻЩľ䣬һ
Ϊȥ̽·ĶǸɵıԵӣȻ˲أڣҲֻһûƻʱĲ
ֻһ£ǿ߶Щɫء
ٻħ˹˵ʲôҵ˴İȫ·ҵľ·
ǿ߶ڽڣˣٻħƭǽȥ
ٻħأħ岻֣
ڸڳϵʾ£һЩ𵤵ӽϣһЩٻħĵҲôӵۡ
ʲô£ֲǷٻħ廽Щģ
һȺĻ쵰ԼԵģ˲պ󷴵ˣ
ٻħЩ˼ֱƫƫ˶ڣȻû£Ҳֻܴʡ
ƻһԿ֣ԽԽŹ֣Ǽеôеɵֵ
ûǴĻ޵Ƿ֮
ƻɵЦƬ̣ƻޱתͷ
ûϵ
־͹ԭһһһ
ôʺڰͼӻ𣬾ӲǱƳԭӼķٻħ
ٻħգɫڵͬףԪӤ۷ѹ£̹ǣһȺԵϰˣֺη
ֵĲֹǷٻħ߱ס˫ֵ
˵ĿⶼڷٻħʱϷȻһ죬л˻ߵŭ
䣡Ȼ㣡
˾ѭȥҲһлˣ
˿Զһǵ⽣Ӱкֹлӣڵؽշŭ֮伣Ҳˣ
ˣզʹˣ
˵ˣƻһ±ƣһֱֳ˿עĶһ˵ɽУ֮Ϣת俰޷죬лӾȻ˲ϳˣ
ϳ˽ڣҵ˷ٻħĻ񣬲׹콣ǰ˵ʹ֣
ĳǣ
ʷ̫ͻȻͻȻһЩ˼ϹŶûӦԽ󣬾Խܿ˲β
ڳǿ߱תעͬʱԷٻħͺһڣڣ
׹콣ֻһˮͶȴʱ˦ʱ
ٻħ˲⣬ͳ޾Ԩͬһʱ䣬Ҷ֮ɫ䣬ҲûȥдذлӺ䣬ٻħȥ
ƻҲע⵽ľٶŲȴһ˲ٿƼ䶷ˣʲôԥػᶨͷҲصس޾Ԩ
˵ԴеˣǼһôգ϶˲ٺ֣òϹģ
֮ϣһ߶лӿϨĹƣһעƻתȥıӰɱڵĻƶڵ
ƻϲ£ÿζΪΣգȻƴܹﵹæӵƲϡ
ƻѧˣ֪ùˣﷴе㲻ζлӵҲɲ
ȻлӴ˿˫Ŀɺ죬Ļ仯֪л˽쵮µĽ֮ӺΪǵѱϡ
ڴʱĿȻƳϵлӺһͣһ̣ϢȻһء
֮ǵأ۵ľ޻˻һҧ£˴֮븹
ŭ֮˲仯سű滢ͷǻƮɢٴɫȷԲ԰ףղôһУ
лӺ鲼ɱϻû뵽Ƴ۽ڣظղôУ
ƻʱã˲ã˲ңлЩƻߵôɴࡣ
仹ûôȴûƻĸоΪ
ŭ֮ͨʶʱñȸͬܣϢԭһء
û˵еŭ֮˷
콣У֮ŹǷ䲻ŭ֮ƣĿȥЦСľȻɱ
֮Ħȭơ
һǧ겻Ҳýѵһ⼸˵ܵˡ


107 
׹޾ԨʱԽƻһܵʧظС
ܵǻҶʧصģ޷ɽ壬Ҳ޷ãֻڵǿסΡ
ΪԨûŵ㣬ֻܲգһĿգ֪
޾ԨڲޱߺڰؽΧƵĺɫħҽ֯һɲ˵ѹ֡
˵ҰΧʮףʱܹι籩һ籩룬Ǿ
ԭУڣڲŽĸڸʿ˵طֻ·Խ֮˵ڣǰѡ
ƻһֻնеĻ㹻һˡ
ų֮;֮飬ܵˡҡϢ˸
ƻʾ֮飺ܸӦڣ𣿡
֮飺һԭ˵ζ
֮ȻͱһƮһʧСԲĨ˰͵Ӧ׹콣ϲģ飬·
֪ƻΪ˶ȡ׹콣Աֵø
׹콣ֻһֻһ֤۹ʱ
֮ڲٿ֮ζУǰæ⴫ǿߵ޾ԨУƻһ·˳硣
ԽߣܵħԽŨԽϡţƻвһͷǧ֮ǰ׹콣ʱҳ޾Ԩ᲻Ҳһ˵ͨ
ǳͨһӺصĴţʿĴ󣬶޾ԨпһֱͨͨͨвŻħӣһƬ硣
ֻ׹콣ڣϽֶµһѽѣȻֱӴͨ˵磬ϸ֮£ƻΪԭʵզ࣬ΪвûϽ̫࣬޴׹콣ǿ
ˣܸñǿ˰ɣ
ƻ˼һڻǰ˰ӣҪٻħṩȫ·ߣ׷˱뽣ڣĸš
֮ԻлӺ֮ĴսԤ£ʱžҲмʮ֮࣬ȺпûͷӬһתļҢʱƻЩΪԼۡ
ҢⱿ꣬Ҳˣ
˼Ң֮⣬Ⱥлвסʮ˶г裬ĴҵӵܣֵǿԪӤԼһЩƽϵǿߡ
ڳһ۹콾ǿ󣬿ҲûʸץסԵ
ƻǿ߷˵ע⡣
ƻϳǴߵˣ¥¥Ӱϼ½ҳ
ǿߣһ󾳽硣
ƻ֮飺а𣿡
֮ۺ˸ڣ֮⻹˵ϴЩ˶ò˴˴ǻǱŴ
а֮ı֤ƻͷˣ治ɫسǰɫʿ˵ͷżɽٻħأ
üһֱΪνǱӲιĲݰʱЩˣƹҲΪ׹콣
ƻϻֲѿڶ˲廰ƹҪ׹콣αǰɵһΪǰŶԡ
ƻ˵޿ȥǸЩ̱꣬һ˿ɻ󣬼ҢȻ𣺡ĵǿߡ
Ңϲ⣬ƨƨߵشܵƻߣȷƻûָһѾͽ˱˻ǵҺ㡭
֮Բɫײ˰֮һ£˵ɣҾ˵ʮ˸г裡
֮գգۣ䡢лӡ𨡭вϸֵ˿ۻңϽ綼ûôˡ
ƻȷиʮ˶ôģҢǶһ޶
жͷһȺֵţƻٿط𱡺죬ʶ輧Ңļһ£֣컯ճɺͳ
Ңøˣ׼ƻһڣۼһСƬƤȾɵɫҢֻͷʲôڻһ㣬˵Ļ㡣
ˣΧһƬ
Ңüҧгݵôߣ
Ңһ³ĺβҫҡΣɲɽһ𵤾СҲҸү
ôߡƻסϵĺβͣһһٵ
ҢһδβͲNɪˡ
мҢͷʮ˶ڲӪںԼӪ۰Ͱ͵ƻ
˼ҢҶ֮⣬еƻвֻ֣ܼװûƿҢҪȥ·
ԭµڵģгֻԶ۲ҿΪƻʡȥ˲鷳
Ң棬ǽڣڣҿϵĽеһܿţץлӽԡ
ƻ£֮;֮鲢δ¶壬˶ǽ֮ȻҲƮߵֻ顣
ƻЩ죬ôûڣѵԿײϲͰϣ
˵õǹ⻷أ˵ڲ׹콣ʱԲ׼ڣ
ƻ·ļҢž֮鳯ڣȥ·Ҷ֮ʱץס
ھȥҶ֮ʣǳĿɨƻϣ˵֮ܿ飬ȥշ¾סˡ
ƻ֣û£û
Ҷ֮壬뵽Ҷ֮ţû˵
뵽Ҷ֮ӦϣƻС˾лȻƹߡ
ɵǿ߶⣬ǵһȥҷٻħ鷳ƻԸ֣Ȼϲԣȴ֮ãǣסٻħ̽ƻ񾿾ʵΡ
ڣ˴ףԨҰʮף޷ɢʶͷƻĴڡ
·ûһҰ˼Ӱ
ͷٻħ⣬мʵǿԪӤڣòЩǵĻߡ
ƻŲ΢΢ͣ٣ϲͰѾؿ˹;Ҳƻǰ
ƻʣôˣùô
֮û֮ǰˣӲˣӦÿԡǰǺǼǿֶ߲Ը
֮ѹʹڸУİõĴ͡
ƻҪҪȥҶ֮˺أԶļ˵Ȱڳƣ뵲ǰƻ״һ飬֪ĻΪ߸˶ء
˼⻤߶ٿνʮ˶޲ðѶԷ
Ӱ󷽽̽һ˫۾ɻƻ
ҲУСʦ֡ƻ٬ػһ䣬ϾǣĵײΪС
̫Զģߣƻûע⵽Сʦ֡ʱһ¡
һ˫Ưӣ£࣬Դ˫۾һƲıͬһ㣬¶Զʮĳ졣
ɴ˿ƻ䵭ĻӦһ˫ȴȻùѩ
ûеǰķߣҪŷļǿ¶ߣ˲δ쳣ȴϵָһԪӤڵЩʹ
üͷ΢΢Щɻػ
ʱ񣬴ɫ䵭Ҳ޷֮ߣܴ򿪽ڣ
֮飬üͷøؽ簮֮׷ɱ˵Ļ滹Ŀټ֮飬ֻ޲ɱ֮죡
ϲͰˣϢڣƻа;壬ǻֵûдٻħҲС
ٻħ죺;嶼ϣ䣿
֣һշģòֶνȥ
ô˵췢ҫСһ䣬Щȥֱûȫˡ
¶;ƻƻʱҲôֻǣĵ˵˵֮ӣ
ҫ۶ڵؽʶĻߣ˲̫֪ƻȥԨԴٻħҲһΨзãһۡ
˵ĹƻѾе㼱ˣЩԸսϽϵǿô࣬λαֻҲţڣܾû塣
⻰˵ĵûڣаɱƻȻһʲô塣
οƻг룬ɱǷٻħûճе
֮ǰܹĿôɨģȻһ껹㡰ʴȡʵҲһֱͣԪӤ۷壬ЩӸλǿߣȴҵġ
һһǿųֹҲóʮ˶ССΪǲΪùܣⲻ֪ǲǲ룬ǲҰˣ
һ뵽ѹһ磬ٻħɫ࣬ҧƹ˵òڣյȷûҪ
ԨкȻһŹ㣬˷ٻħġ
ֻһ͹ӵԿ״ƻϷɳڰǻһȦȻɿ쳯ڣȥ
¡¡
̹ſٵزܷľ졣
ɲǼ䣬˽¹⻪貣
ٻħҭסˣʮǿ߾ˣƻɵˡ
Կôϣ
ȻʲôһץסͷԵľ֮¥
֮ɫˣ
ˣ¥¥ùһԿף򣡡
ƻѣãȻľ֮ܿȻ¥˯ʱ¹һڡ
ʱ˸ѶԵΣ̫ѳԵֱˡ
֮ίͰͽԭίƻֻ봷
ƻᣬ򰡣Լ¹Կ׶֪ķ֪Կϣαشĵڣ
ƻڵóӶˣܿ죬ͲΧձ΢
΢ԭ־нڣԿףΪ˵Ŀⶼڱ򿪵Ľڣ
ʱڣʱȻɢȥƣɢ·¶һľ޿ӣ޿ǵؽеڤ֮
ƻ²û׹콣ڣȷ˵磬ֻпͷȴûн֡
ѭ˵ȥƻ㶵ûԿհףǰĳȴԿհһ˲
Ϊ֮µĽڣġһ


108 δı
ڣû׹콣
Իءõ׹֮ôɣƾʧˡ
ʱ²ͨİ¥һƬհףʧ󣬼˶ĿͶƻ
˭׹콣ԿǴƻϳֵģֻпܽڣ
ʮĿֱƻ˰벽Ҳʶ״ǳһҲͲ塣
Ǳ׹콣αͶ
˳Ĭ
ûӲһ£ƻǻ˭Ҫ
ƻϣ׹콣ѵƾʧ
˲˵ƻ֪ûã֮ʹ˸ɫ˵ݹ㳷
ߣ
ܣٻħŭȣǿγѣƻ
ƻգȺҲ̫˵㣬һֱƤӵ£Ҳܱ׹콣ڻҾͻñ
֮·֪Լ˴ƻʶȻΪʸ֮ģ֮ҲͷƤ飬󱣻ƻ
ˣ飬ʮԪӤҡҿܳŲ˶á
ƻնݳ֮ˣôǿ˫ȭҲѵ֣޾Ԩ뻹Ҫһ
ۼ֮Խãƻҧҧǿнٻʶȡ塣
ͬʱ޾ԨΧ
մٿؿԨ
ЮŻķ콣ƿϮŭ֮ٳٲֻӲͷƤȥģ˷ʲô
䲻ӿ֣ս;Ȼɿŭ֮鶪¾䡰ס󣬱㲻лӵĹƳڣȥ
ʼŭ֮黹ΪԼˣֱ佫䶪лӣ˫ĿѪ׵شҵڣ
еĵŭ֮飬ֲʤǿĶ
ŭ֮鵲ס֮飬һ䡰ƻΣաȴסлӡ
лʧֻѾ޾ԨʣµǿҲסˣֱڣг˱ʣӣԺϧһдۻƻع
޾ԨУƻǱջذֻ֮ƾ¿籩Ĺ
ʮ˶ȻҲ׷ƻ濴ƻϣͫ΢ʶȥ赲
Сġ
һƻвֵԪӤʿȻΪ۵Ƿǿߵһ
ֻʮ˶̲סˣ׹콣Ŀվֲƻġ顱Ңֱӻû壬βٻħɨȥ
Ҷ֮ڹҪﵽʲôʱ򣡹Ҹû꣡Ң˻Ҷ֮΢΢ȴ޶ԡ
ȻƻʽȴɱϾǲСɱƻܴ׹콣䣿
ο顢һֶԻصĴڣΪԶԪӤƥеġ
һ
һҶԵ֮ƴ͸ƻļʹƺߣȴͷҲصؼӶݡ
һС˶ѣƻûӦʮ˶ȴǿ˫Ŀ죬ҢյñٶͣǾ
ʮ˶æƻ޾ԨĳֽЩȻʮ˶δ𣬴ʱΪߵҲҢҶ֮˶ת˲㱻һĨ˦
ƻûоٹܼҢ壬Ի֮ǿǰǵС¥¥һ޻Щ塣
ƻ֮󣬿ʵľ׹콣䣬ƻԪӤ۷壿
ƻͷܣô
ʲôΪҲ֪˵̫ɵ˵ֻ̫û˼ɵֱӶ֣Իװư͡
ĳٳٲҳ֣ܱô룬ɱ¥һĻʵ˲СӰ
ˣڷ񾳵Ĺ˶ƻʱʶƻһ¡
ŭ⣺˻׹콣Ȼ룡һƻϣ׹콣룬ʱ綼Ҫգ
ԣγѣɫʱ䡣
û׹콣ڲƻҲܷߣһõ׹콣֪˽ΧƻǶĲ
Ҳˣۼ޾Ԩĳھǰƻнп಻ǸڻУͱһ죡
ĳ޾ʱܵ龳ǿױȵѹƻѾ޿ģʽ
ץץɡ˾С
Ȼʱ˵޾Ԩ˭׷һһ塣
ģֻЩѹԣƺֻڶԡ
ɾôһ仰׷ƻʮǿ߽ŲһͣҲŷ֮Σջسޡ
ԭ̫Ϥˣڶǿߵ˯ΣÿһζѪɫȾأʬҰȥ¥յĳ档
롭૵ĿͶ
룡
룿ˣ
޾Ԩ궯ֹ˼ɵ룬ţҶ֮ʮ˶ʿͬӰ
֣ΨһĵҲֻƻˡ
ˣ
Ӱ֣ƻݹ뿪ʱû˸νĽǿ߶ҳ֣˵ǿܲţ˵˭Ҳţ
һ˵ûһҲаʮ֪ʵģΪδֹС
ۼ˶ٻħʵһ֣ʮþȣ뿪Ժգ
ӦˣΪԪӤǿڴˣʲô
ٻħ˵еû˶
㲻£ϰ
ħôǿ治£ղŵǳְ
ħǿ壬пɻвСǿߣǿ嶼ɵС嵱ȷ棬Ц¹վ˵ۣ
ӳֵ뿪һ˲䣬ֻһӹûпģ
һӦٻħľҶ֮ʣ赭дƻκι˼ɣ˵壬Ҳ⡣
˻һǿϢһ͡
뱾Ҳ壬Ϊһƻ壿
û˸˵ֻ뽣ڣǿߵƤӵ½ƻ˭˵޿֣
׹콣ѾˣƻҲˣûŪԭǰ˶ʱ뿪˵ص˼
ȴģƻˣȴǻڣ飬ּп֮ӣʱɱʱ
аͼתһԵ龳ɢʹ˸ɫδ֮ʣͻȻ볯ˡ
ȻǻʵǣûС˵֣ǿ߶Ҳ·һ
ٻħ¥¹Ҫ¥бʱ龳Ҳڳһʱ㵲Ĺ
޾ԨУǿ߻ǳ֣룬صսĵȴδĶңͻȻѯʷ᣺ʦ𣬸ոյӰ롭
һ㶣ķ΢΢󣬲ԶҶ֮ٿתͷ
֪Щͻƺ˲ʶ룬˶룬ȷû롣
ֻ˵緸ֶУƻ
ԣͺ͹ȥƻһֻڴ
ֻʧ̬һ˲ܿ췴ӦʧЦ޵֮·ж̣ûħͷҲаʶҲա
أ𲻾ȴؽֱ
ЩŹ֡
һ޵꣬ȷǼ̵ģһһرƻ
޵δ롣


109 ׹֮
û˸ҳ֣û˷롱ϵĶߡ
ڱ롱ס˲䣬ƻֱӴܵɤۣƤķ
ƨ룬ζϢ䱾䣡
㡭
治ʡġ令һ·޾Ԩǿ߼˽ڣ޾Ԩⷴû̫
޾ԨݹٶȲȳӻͣԪӤ֣Ҳסŭ֮䡣
лӡ
޾ԨʱĽлϡ
ٻħţֳ֮л棬뿪󣬸ڱڷٻħĬ֣Ҫȡлϵ֮顣
ǿ򣬴ʱ˳뿪»øллǣס˶Է
ʮԪӤҲֻǺͳ֮лƽɫˣʣƻ䣬лӻƵϵһˡ
ۼӴܣӦлӼģĿһƬ䣡ӣ
·;ƳսһۣͻȻ˸Ԥϵľٶ
ŭ֮鶪ȥˡ
¿ϵĻᣬȥһ٣Ҫⶼ򲻹Ͳûˡ
ŭ֮飺
֮飺
ŭ֮飬ûٹлӣƻһ·ȥ
ʱƻɫǰ׵ģӳվû䵨αװȥʵ
ˣ㲻Ҫˣƻµץ󣬳źµĲ
һʱ˳֣иԪӤ֣䶼ᱩ¶ʱΣ³ض֮أ
顢зһԪӤôҡ
ﻹĹ
ҶǱץֲ
š˭֪ءصЩ鷺ʶΧûеġ
ƻȴûоʹ˰ݣл𾭹
޾ԨϢ֪ͨѣ˳Ϊ졣
ΪΪԴƻһɹĺɢɢزţڲ֪Уֻһûκװ
üʱ˵ʱ̳ˣڣпܴڵΣϾ˼
֮ͨƻиζӳ¡
䲻ǵһβˣʵһֱġ
˵ԭӰҲãദжҲգɱڻңô붼ͼ
ڳڵɽ½ǳӵؽܵɽʱƻﶼи˵˾Ĳ
Ϊ壬һԼһкĿĴɺذһ
ΪʲôңƻǵԼǵڼ⡣
˵ʲôȴϾŪˣƻս岻մߣ͸ŨŨע󷽶
ͣƻǵûзһʯü£˶ˬ
̬ȣ˵˿ûϷоֹԳԱġ
ƻһֱע󷽣û׷ϲͣôΪʲôͻȻȥ׹콣
ǣô

ƻͻȻѡ뽣ڣȻΪ̫Ϊپԭľ顣
һδĳһδΪֱ治αҡڣǿԼ侲ĸоʵܹˡ
ʵҲãҲգٺķѾȥ⣬ֻҪõ׹콣һԻ
Ǳģͽ׹콣͸ɣ˾ʹնϹ
ûԭһý飬ƻʹ㳹׷½ɫƫ¶޶˵Ľġ
˵νĵ£ûʲôڻֵ֮ģȻˣ˭˵õ׹콣ڻңܳ䵱Եķɣ
ƻһգգؿŽߵԭɣһĨᶨȻǻس
΢΢ͣͷƻüͷ˲š𣬡ȥؽ磬ؽ׹̣ȳȫ
룬ǿû˸׷
ȥ
ƻһ㶣ʱʣΪʲô
䲻ǸµˣղżȻαװķ˵֪ǿĵλΪβȥݱܷâ
ƻΪǲ룬æģ龳񶼾ĺܡ
䷳ϣȥؽ磡Ҳܻ㡣
㡭
ڵ䣬˵ʵƻûġ
˵İȫʮֻ֣߷֣ⲢʺıϵĲ࣬ʱϵ⡣
ʱ̫ˣԭУǿ롰ƻ˫ޣ֮ͻƷ
һʮ꣬ڶҲûʮˣҲʮݵվս
ʵĽԶԶвƥ䣬꣬ǿˣҵµĻҾƣȻǱķĻᣬˡ
ƻǶԪӤ׹ǿĵӿҲԪӤôٻħ˶ԿسǸȫô
ĬĿҲƻתǰƻڳؽڵķɣ̲ס˳½ǡ
Īǡ㻹ڼǺ뿳β͵£ƻ²

Ǵɥʧ˶ݹľ롣
Զ뽣ڣٻŭ֮飬ɫˮȻζһյת
ûǹһΣѣû¡
⻰էһѰɲ֪ΪΣƻܾವģ޶˹ιһƵġ
ƻش伸ۣʱ۵׵ȻϤȥתͷЦ绨  ģҺ͹һҲҪңڣ׹콣ʲô˵Բԣ
ƻ紵ô˸£ԡǲԡ
̬ǰһٰʮȣƻһʱ֪ôأŭ֮;
ȺŹ֮£ŭ֮֮ռ˱ˣʱ˷ܵϻҽг;壬ոմ֮鼸ȭ
ֻһðͷ̸µպܿͱƫˣתƻ̽ضһҲʼΪسε⡰¡͡ءĹϵϷѡ
ڣ볤ǧ֮ң˾ָ·һڳ׷ǣ֮·̿˵һ·˳磬·պһڵִﳤ

꣬ػعʵأƻ˵пǼ٣ԶԶڳ⣬·ȺõӺ
ϴηֱҲûãٴμ룬ƻȴĳȣϲԣȴӯغ˵
ûڣĶȫ
ɲƻһöŹӣ룬ӯغ˳
ûͬȥ°˫Ŀӹһˣƻأб۷һƻȻ˷ǰ
ӭؾʩһĿɨ䣬Цɣɽ·;ңԶһ·ˣ;ˣ
ʣ۸ˣؼҺһ»ʲô
𣺵ȻǸ״
ոƻҲ˲ʲô֣֮ڽڣеľһ˳ί
ȫûдϣƻ˵ԼһȺ֮ʣͷ
ƻ󷽵ƼһĻδŭ֮ȴȻʶܳһ㤵ضơ
ŭ֮Ҫ޾ŭͶȡûŭ֮ҲδΪ
ɾڸոգŭ֮ˡ
Ҳ˵ܲܵŭ𣬸ոʶзڵġŭȻûסӳˣ
ʱһԲҲûģŭ֮飬˫һƵضƻıӰڵʱͷ
һ֣һ֡
ʱƻȴ״ͷòͼӴ׵˵꾭Ļȴֲ
󣬲ûΪ򱧲ƽҲû¶̫߿Щѯƻȥ޾ԨҲΪѰ׹콣
ƻͷȻأ
ǣ׹콣Ǳô
ɶ
˵ò׹콣ȷڹϡ
۷ȣֿһ۲Զް䣬ͻȻЦ˳¼ǽڵؽûҪȡ͸ˣǰǻô
⻰һֹƻԱ߰ڵһڳӶǡ
ʲô׹콣ûҪʲôֽȡˣ
ÿǶôһء
ʱƻǰߵĳ˫Ŀ𽥵ɴɫһٱ䡢ʷ׳ʡ
ܡС䡱ٿȻٳǰ
С䣬ԭı̬һûʯ˵Ŀܡ
׹콣


110 ׶༪
޾Ԩͨˡ磬ؽеڤ֮Խڣλڵؽ硣
䣬ƻ޴ӿ֤յС䡱һļ䣬ɲ˯оһ顣
ȥĵؽ磬ϾͰСˡ
ƻֹסĲǺҲǼǻ㼸ʮǰͽڣ׹콣سˣ
ЦЩȥСԴû硱Сһ۵׿նһƬ
Сһûοܣ׹콣һʧĳǡǡִ˵顭
һеһпƺ޸ݣϸ֮£Īмѭ
ƻ˼һߵСĿհףСվһˣһĽ
Լ׹콣壬Ϊͬ䳤һģһ
ƮƮһöըֱ˷ң׵ڣ֮ϲ֣ڵ׹콣ֻǾ߿տǰˣ뼺֮޽ʿֺα
ûн׹콣һ׷ȲϣΨн֮ܽ׹콣巢ӳ
ȷӦ䣬룬׹콣Ϊλͬҳһ
뽫ߴСת䣬ŷֶ߱޶£̾úܲģȻһϡ棡
䣺װʲôװ
װɵһУ̼ʱõģ䲻װģһʱҭûס
Ӧֻɺ϶ѡ
ǣɺϣЦɺɹͷ
ƻӳлٿѾǿˣǿ
˴˶ӣгɢڳƻѹµ׷ʵĳ嶯ȥٺùеӡ
뿪ֻʣƻ룬ˡԼһ׹䡣
ƻҲ̲סˣ룬㵽ʲôΪ
ͬһԪӤ۷塣
㿴ɵ𣿡
չ¶ΪԪӤϢɢµȷԪӤ۷壬ܽ뽣ڣҲֻǻԵɺ϶ѡ
ƻƭ㣡
һ䡰ɺϡӦˣƫƫû취ʵɲ⣬ƻڿûȥһ
Ȼת⣺һҪлǰȵ׵¾Ϊ˱Ǳ룬´ӹɽ׽һֻȴ
˵ŻһѾõڹУڹǧ꣬Ѵ벽񣬹ķ֮ʺɣڣ񾳵ʿҲѹ볤
ڹ֫Դ˿УǶ¸ͣ
ƻӹڹ꣬к⣬Ϊڹˣû뵽׽ȥ
ڹ겻֪ʲôڴŶ£ֱָڹǣʱˣſƻİ缦
Ժ»Ὣڻ£һ·ۣһ޻ЪϢհɡ
ƻͷ͵ҡҡͷⶼص㣬ص뵽ôõ׹콣
׷ʣͻȻĴ˵ûҪ˷ʱ䣬׹콣Ȼ޻
ԣƻתͷ䣬֮ʱѾˡ

޻
ûлڵĳ貼úʱûʲô𣬲ϢȴЩңƻ뿪ʮ˶ùס
ػعʵأƻĻٴȡС䣬ذֻҲ˳
׹콣ʰ֮顣
֮ɻΧСƣ֮Сһתͷһ䣬ճݵʶ
֮ŵֱޣˣˣ
ƻһǿܣȳ
䣺
ŭ֮Ҳ˳֮СתһȦֱСڡ
ƻ״һʱŵ˺һ룬ŭ֮ٴŭⲻɢ죬׹콣
֮;֮ԲԥҲСڣƬ̺ƻͷ
֮飺Ȼۺǧǰһǵû
֮飺磬ǰҰء
׹콣ʿ˵ֻǷڽ˵ȴǾǻὫסķӣҲڼһĴڡ
Ľ飬ߵСǰһģһվһ𣬲۾ֲ˭ǿ˭ˡ
׹콣һֱڹϡ૵
ƻЦҲû뵽
ڳʱǼСģʱԺײû취ƻǸʲô
ٴμС䣬ԷѴ;ĿܱΪ顣
ԺԼһģһ׹콣壬䶼Լ侲˼뽫׹콣͸ʱ׹콣ӣ
š
һ͸ģ
䲻̫Ӧƴﱻ׽ðɡ
Ͼ죬컹ȥƴ£ƴﱻ׽ܾúôˡ
ʣʱϲˣ
ƻһ죬ʶ뷴ԭ״̬û˵ǺӦˡ
ΪôȤû뵽Եʱšüʦʧʮǰ£Ҳʮδ𵤣Ȼʦ֮Ŀʾˣô֪ҵģ
ôһʣƻҲסˡ
Խֻ˵ʮǰ¹׽ʶΪԭʮǰϵ䣬ԭʮǰͿˣ
ʮǰԭʮ꣬ʮꡣ
ҪǷʵ硭ƻ˸æҡͷǿҼǴˣֻǵƴĶҲ׽ʮ£
ĬƬֿ̣һС䣬ûپʱ⡣
ô˵ʮǰǿƤӵȡ׹콣ǲʵ
׹콣ΪͣΪòͬҲп붯ʲôСֶΣֻΪʱƤƻġ
й׹콣Ĵ֮٣ǧδ˼׹콣Ҳ׹콣һ㽣ֻ߲̬ͬô͡
ƻǿԭˡ
ԭǿڣ֮ս׹콣ı嶼һͨͨĽûлûͣ
е׹콣ֱ󶼲֮һ̲ΪһϽ磬С˵ͽˣûȥһѽ̫ī
µԭҲȻƻȥֻܹΪĺ¡
׿׹콣䳤һ⣬ν뽣ڣͬ⡣
޾ԨΣأ֮ʧص籩ϣƻҵڣΪֻ·ǿ˳룬Ϊһ·ĽŲ
龳ĴܣҲ֮·ԪӤôȥģ
ߵС£ĿƬ̲С䣬ָ֣ߵΨһǿĶ֮š
ƻ˼΢΢Ȼ˵շ˶֮飿ɶ֮Ӧڡ
޻Ȼš
ƻͫ뵽һһֱԵ⣬ǾǶ֮٣
ԭ֮ʵԼġ
кڣѾշལ飬һ·콾ͬʱ£ֶԸ䡣
Ǿ˼꣬뷴ɵġమɱͻԪӤ֮Ǳ֮ӵζĳͻȻŭ
Ҳ˵ͻȻ֡
֮٣˺ʹ֮ѡ磬߶±һ˭ҲҸ˲֮͡
ȶ֮ʱǶôԿհһ˲ŵ֪ԼʱżȻ˶֮ĳ˯أζǿĶ֮顣
Щص㣬صǡǡǡ֮һҲ˵֮ôһ˿˿Ŀԣһֱڳȵס
֮鵱ѡΪ֮أڰù̶ȵĽϣŭ֮Ҫסһˡ
ƻһۣ¶һı飬Ȼܽڣ˵׶༪٣˳Ǳȥˡ
Ǹ൹ùĽ飬ŻῪ־ײһ룿
ѵǴ˵еĶжĥ
ƻóĽ۲ÿɷؿվĿС䣬˼֪Ʈ
ֱƻһ󣬰಻סҪȥ룬źγѣһתߵƻֱüȥ
ƻһͳһϣֱӵ˻
תͷǿ׽۵Ŷ
䡭ƻв⣬̽͵Ҫȥ
µ۽޵ס۵׵ɫƻͷĶֱø
˵ȥ
ȲҲȻһ˿Ҳޡ
ƻûʶԣƯļֻ鶼ֱش˸顣
ʱС̽ŭ֮ٴ˳Ҳ֪ǲĽΪСṩһЩСɲɵءˣ
ͬǲĺƻ
Сһ£ǴͷԵˡ
䶯Ȼ󻺻̧ͷ˫תζһ۾ĶţС΢΢
޻һƬš
ԭͺһʽ棬εͣ鶼Ĵ
Ȼһ˲䣬ƻ֪͵ĻС佫ջؽӿռ䡣
һУƻͨسʯֱҡҡ׹ûлͷȥ
һ߿ܣֻ˵Ǹ̬
һ߻˵ճ˿ЯĿܣѾǱ̬ܹ͵ˣ
һƬףƻӲͷƤڣҽͣȻᶯ˵治
һܶѣʲôû롣
ϣߵߣƴƻͷ溬Ц⣬Ҳ紺ͣȰ׹콣ýܲںϡ
ƻñ̬׼ˣû뵽Ӧɫ˵ЦݻʶͽСֻ˳
СǳԵʯܶһûнأʲôˣƻĿİؽͣʾС£̣ҡҾǰſûɹ𡭡
û˵͵Բ۾
Цʧ֮죬·ղһĻֻƻĴ
ֻС°ǶźԼһģһĿɨӡʱ΢΢һǹɴ̹ǵĺˮֵѩ¶ܡ
ƻɪһ£컹۾Ȼɵø
ۼͰС·ˣ
СƻĻԹŲ佫´һ飬ȻָƲס㳶һ½
Сȼǵ·գգִۣƻƻ
Żˡ


111 Ա
ϵʧʱżĽϲŭɫʧصʱ
ڿ߿볣ʮһᵽʧصĸо
˵ǿܣٴСǴϰ۵ӡһһٵһĻ׹죬Ǿ߿ܣ

ƻεһ̡
ûʲô͵סץεˣ
ⲻҧġƻ̲סͣ׹С䣬ûҧʱСѾӡˣ
ָСգСͱȾǲʩӵҪ׹콣Դ󱬣˭ô
Ҳûܡ
ٿؿƻЦԭҲңҵҧ¿ڡ

ˣȥ硣
ƻǱܿıӣڨڨԣﰵԭ̬ˣ׸˻ôײУӡü겻ģ
ƻָϨС·ȼĻ磬Ʊ粻ɣʼҶҪǻĽɣСֻǿܶѣαء
û˵껰С͸ƻԻûת䣬ȴּۿ˷ӦһǽסЩϵ촽
ʲôܻʣᵽɤ۵ð䲻ȥ
ִȱǽЦЦֻǿܶѣһôˣα⣿
ƻݣ
ۼˣƻƹˤǣ׹Ǻܾ֮ǰ¶ˣôɣ
䣺Ϊ
ƻӲûΪʲôס
ؾǶʱ䣬ΪǱʶڴ뷴ɡħңԼǸϲ׵ı̬ԳȥҰ֮ĻᣬóСʵ飬Ҳûó
ʱԸпϲϷɵʵſСǿûоԺҼҢһأ
ƻοʱҲ̫
ٴñǽҪС䣬ƻһۺ޴룬ԸֲƵå治֪ôˡ
Ȼ˵棬һҧסĲͼȣ뵽侹ֱӶ㿪ˣҧгݵ˵Һһɱ״ˡ
ˣ
ۺڽʮ˶롢ֻ｣顢ټһܰˣ䱾һгʲôʸ
ͱˡ

䱾ֻа˷֣ƻ̧ʮ֣СֿʼðǣĿ֮ҡΣƯִ޹
ڣŭյҧƻð˰ڻʱСͻȻˡ
ƻɴ壬ȴһ˿ꡣ
ƻҪڴ̳Ļ˼С䣬֮;֮ȴѣͱ˿ڡ
ŭ֮ǲһ˰Ȼ׹콣ĹϢڶӶʱŭ֮ѣʱſƻü˹ȥ
ƻŴӡ㵵С䣿
׹콣ʧˡ
֮;֮Ĺڶ⡢׹콣ڱĿ֮£޻硣
СУһҺνĳ֣δУ˵ѹȻϯƬ
ع׹콣Ľ飬ʵ뷭һ
Ϲź嫵Ľ֮ܿɢ˵һʱ޻⣬ҲҴҸֻƻһۣ֪ڡ
ʱųﲢֻ֣еĳΣ׹콣ĿˣǱܡ
˵գСԴղһɱԻصС侹ذ
ƻ˵ԼҲû˰߽촽ʵӡ̱ƽɫ磬֮ҲδǲҪΪ

ϵĵ£Ҳûʲôҧһڵڴ֮ͥ±־е߳ˣƻڣεûЩܵľٶ
ƻ޲Ҹطȥⲻ֪ڳУʳ˼̻Ĺһ˫⵴ϾɳĨ̺죬Ҽ䣬Ծɫ˫
Σϼӳ
Σ亮
ĳļĹ㱣ɾ֮⣬ƾοҲղ顣
ؿƻϵָ󲻾ҪλгΣ
ǿɲУ
һҪǲˣ
̲סȣȣʮ˶
ʱȻֶ֣ȥĻ˸ա
üۺЦЦȴ۵ףˡ
Ҳû䣬ƻͷתͷʮ˶ˣ
뿪󣬷ٻħ̴Ӵ޾Ԩ֣ìͷָлӣлӱǿȺ֮ƲԱ콣Ϊ۶ˡ
ƻɫ綼Χлӣ治֪Ϊζ̡ľߵ⣬˵ǳ
ͷʾԼ֪ˣȻѯƻصģϹ·֣֮ʮ˶Ҳǲף½£ȥλ˽ӻ
˵գ뻹Цеؿһۣ״˶ЩҲ֡
۵׵ʱް΢ɲܿɫת磬ҲЦ
˵Ҳǣӻɣһ֣ǰߵĴæûüĿʮˡ
˵úƣȴԾƻ⣬дš˾桱
ƻ̫˽ˣ˵ʲôʮ˶һﶪʵۺ󹬣ҲܻˮŸ·һ鲻ѻ˳Ƶ۶
ƻأ˾˰ɣ㲻ǲ˫ôץҲûá
û˷ʳӭϣ췴ʮ˶ץһµĻ̣ٸҿң
ƻͱˣһȥɡ
ء
׹콣ƻĶ벢ûȡߣƻջ˽ӿռ䣬ƻСΪβһѽʾ֪˵δʱ
⻰ľ⣬κƻó֪֪֮䣬뻹ҡͷ
Զ֮⣬ȴ£±ȥѰ
ʼգû׹콣֮Ҳ赭дģƻɣҪ·ܽ뽣ڣ
᲻ǿ޾ԨҲ塭

ȵԴ֮ʣȻӿ׹콣ʧٺա
ߵ׹콣ȴɣһпƸ׳нĻһýʿı޲ý͵׹콣͵ǷεʬΣ
֮Ҳûӣ׹콣ƻϣƻȺӢ̤֮뽣ڣͶ
ƻʲ͵׹콣ס
֮У˭ڸɵƤӵ£֪͵׹콣˭ǿţ
оǰϴ󰸡жһ֡
룡
룬ûǽһҲУ
·պ¥һ뷢׷ɱŵͰһλ
˽硢ؽ硢忪ٵСǶʱ䣬ÿһ䶼Ѱ룬·ʿ磬ȴû˵𳤻
˶֪ϳʶǣһгݵѰ룬һֲرܿ˳
ìܡֺ
Ϊ붪ӣԴĵѰ룬ΪһغԶ˳
׻˵úãӢۡ
һǿ߶Գ׷ױãһȴԼͬĿ׼
һºɽʾ뼸ǰȥȵصؾѰһԵ
ؾһʮǰؾ֮Ϸ±Ϊصڳڵĳȣʮδ˸ǰȥѰ
ؾأÿؾʿǹƽʤΪһۣ൱ڸɵһͻƿڣ˸ұϳĽ֡
ȥԼս̽ؾǰȣûֱӷɣ
һмɵ벻ǽ֮ͽһȴĴȼ֮
׹콣顢ӵ˫طĵһˡһһĴԵ˭ܲģ
Ȼ׹콣ֵ÷׷֮ʱͻȻչһꡣ
ȥѰͶӰö֮سڳϡ
ֻһԪӤɤȴɴ硣
ɹһлλչˣаɽˮ˪¶ʵ˲ٵ࣬һ꣬Ƚս򣬲͡
ĻƵܿǿŭػӦȲڳҪ̽ؾսĪռؾ
볯ȥһλ׵׳˶֡
üЩ⣺ĴҵˣšҪôҲ޷
ߣ
һλ󻤷һ룬һһᣬŰԵʵȻֱӺа壡
ԽҵһλԪӤϣ֮룬Ȼıɵ˵ͷ񣬶ΪƻͬԽҽ˴Թ
һֻԽôһŮԽ´Сϥ߳Ͷע˼ĵȥɽһ겻ͱк˷ˣðͷûգ
ʲôؾֻʳһ䣬Ƿ˱ŮʶΪαװݣԼŮԽ
ڻʲôƬ̺΢૵Խ°
ԽŭԴ磬ȴ㹻˽ĳ
ɶ
ƻҲߵĻһ㶣üסȪˮ䣬㲻˵Խͻȥôǳʱʹ䣬˵ԽµʶԽˡ
ɶԺе뿪ʱ޶£ػسϲǴ
˺½ûڳˮ沨ʢԣˮȴ΢΢һһƻƳһۣתϺɻɫڽţɻҲҪɬĨա
ƻȴĶƤԽԽᣬԽԽѵ㡭ûͣ
š
˻
ƻһֻһɻͷѹסĳ̶ȣʶ֮ŭӿ֮Խԩ޳𣬸ֻ֮һСΪʲôܷ
ΪһԽ£ƻǰ̬ȱ仯ʮԣԵһ˲񽥽
ΪҪһСˣȻãֺη
ֺη䣬ΪΪУ˶Ϊݽ棿
ĮȻ۵ʢżľʣĬƬ̣ͻȻƻһĨ绨Цգûһʼ֪ô
˷˿īɫѪ¡
ǻˣһ˸Ыˡ
ƻô޴⣬⣬Ǹߣһʼ֪
ǷɵۣʶĲоĳֽǶϣҲǸɷĴˡ
ƻüģɽͬǽŮദĳĿӿϵĲֹģһ޴С
߻ڱԽµ䣬ƻȭ߬ͻȻߵرߣףϷײʱڸʲô
䲻֪ΪͻȻֻƻû£ü佹
ûע⣬ô
ޡ
Цֱ۳ڳرߣ°ƻŵĵӣȥϷѱ޺Щùҡ
˵⻰ʱЫ˿ʵָⶼüƻȴû쳣ȥϷ֣Ϊ˰ޡ
Ϣһ͡
ʱҺϢʹңҵȻͬ˵ʵ飬Ϊ׸ƣˣįŵȥϷְ׽һֻɰ޻
Ϊңŵù㣬ʶ
ƻԽ˵Խ鷺ͷסɫָץ䴹䣬ʣ䣬Ϊˣô⣿

ʶΪ˶ܻʮ˶ƻ磬ðǱڣ½ڱ¶ݣʮǿ׷ɱҹӴܣس׽СȡҲǳ£ʹ˷ֵֻһˡ
ôξһȴû¶˴̬һŮްˣܽʧԪӤѹ
ֻץӵǺ޲ɱ취ʹ밮Ⲣ棬ìܵü޷⣬ò취ȥͬܡ
һദŮ޶ѣбҪô
ٴظԼδĲʡ
ƻ̲סҪˣ䲻취ֲͰˣ˵ó
͵ŭȥ¶һ˫ͮͮ۾ȻʱץŵͻȻߣˮ
䷴һһ˸Ө׹âʶƾճ
֪ǳԽжԶôɽˮͻȥԾ󻼲Ǹʡ£ʡ
ƻʶۿǺģûӦ
㡭ûɱ
ǡЦһƼƷʶӶƻݽ棬κζԹ䱦Сʦãĸ˵ɱɱ
ʶⶫһرͬû취ӿռ䱣棬Ҫֻʶʱ֪뿪½Խ¶ٴɱģ
ȻȻʲôԱƣҲ֪ʲôи̧֣֪ƻǸûɱ˵ļħͷ͹ˣֻƾһ㣬㹻Խµؼ֡
ԼÿЦһδעɱ顢Ѫϴħ֮ӣҶһʶķʶ֣ڵؽԱʶ֮ʱʶԽµʶȫ֮
ôɸЦˣ½·˸Ƣ
ƻȻǲ֪ģعƻûһԹ䣬ʶݹȥ˳ϡ
˱˵֡
ƻ룬Խһ!
䣺


112 һ
ϣӰһ󣬿˲䴺纬ЦôԽһߣתӭƻ
ʱ˿̣һƬף֪ж˫۾עӳһ̸Уȴ֮ݵòǸ繫С
ȻԽԽûס
ƻͻȻ֣һ˫˫۾˸ֻƻܳΪıƵĹؼҲ˶Ƭ̲Ըƿߡ
ƻûô࣬ںԽҵ˶ţ˿̲˵Խ»ţѱԽҲ벻ѣƽ
ѾԲԽˣҪٺԽ޹ǿɾ޿ˡˡ
룬ԽµʶӦа취Ϊɣƻܵ߼ʵ֮£ӰҲ˳ϡ
ӹʶͷһʱ֮£бﵹȫµʱ䡣
˵ܣƻ˿ãָܻСֱ׵ùˡ
˵Ľ̸УԽǾȣǾϲɣһжƻԵݳĻ֮ơ
ƻͰһħͷױɱапܻΪԽƼˮС
ĵرʯۣԽ߲ƻôġ
ԵŮʶ²㳤ӦԽҵģ
ޱͻһ϶ƻΪԼˡ
ȻɿʶССĹգɢӨ׵ĹΣҲʶ˼
ƻָֻһ㣬һʶŮ̬ձһãȻԽ¡
ʶʢʶ֮ʶǿԪӤʿԻʶΪ壬ʶСҲܽݻΡ
ƻ֪Щֻ֪롭ܣ
ԶԽۿʶԼŮģ˫ۺ־ϲϲԽ¾ƻбסʵ֮Ȼܡ㺣ˡ
ֻԪӤ֪ԪӤʿˣֻʵضԪӤ֮ϣ˿̲Ų
ǷΪԽ붯֣Ŀ²ֹԽң
Ǻңⲻ֪˿̰ķǿͬ£ûóȻ֡
㺣ˡ˵ԪӤҲ
ս糷£˱ִᷢ˿¥Ͱһá
ڣҶ֮ͬ¥¥վһ𣬴ʱתͷ龳ܹʶô
ɫѿųϵӰܣûԹ
ʹûԹҲ֪ôɡ
Ҷ֮üɲ⣬ֻ˵ֲܶԸˡ
бһۣ䳰ȷ㲻ȥīʲô¥Ͱˮˮ˭˲֪볤ȾҪԸ룿ǣ²ۣͬ
ⷬ˵ʵҶ֮İӷ׷¶ɫҶ̧֮ʾǲҪɫɲǰ˵òȷгȾһɸīһ񡣡
!
ǰңȷʵԸ룬Բǰ
Ҷ֮赭д˵䶯Ĳ²⣬𣬲ŵ׷ʣ˵īʲô֤ݣ
½ƻؾ֤ݣؾǳһ£˲֪᲻֪ؾըȴҲᣬ⻹˵ô
ЩҶ֮ͣһ˲ͻȻЦˣ°侲ǹЮŵļЩƻ촫еļΪħ֮ڸݣ룬֮У˭Ϊƻ˳ᢣⳡǧ֡
ƻĸʮ˶ȣĻ̥룬֮Уû˻Ϊֵز
ԣһʱЩҶ֮ϢôҲǿ¥ˣܿ侲жα󿪴ǧ꣬;δ
δҶ֮ٴεЦٻǧ꣬ʵΪΣ˵˰ɡ
˻һɫʱīҲɫ
֮ǰճԪӤ۷壬Ǹһ׿̶֪ͻԪӤһɨ磬ǧ꣬ͱøӿˣ
һǧ꣬˰뻹жٵ̣
Լ˳ᢣֱ¶ɽһǣǷܿҪʲôޱ䣿
һʱ䣬аתǧأĴ̫˿ֻţҶ֮еħ֮ӣֱ֮󣬲͵̧ͷЩ͵ؿҶ֮ղ˵ħ֮ӣ
Ҷ֮ͻȻǶǴˡ
̾˿ҲҲǿĴڣлͽµħ֮ӣ䡣
Ϊβ漰
˵ˣ˷¼ڲҲֻһ֧֪Ϊҵ²Ķߣһԭǵɱڡ
ǲ⣺ƻͰˣ
Ҷ֮Ц˭֪أùóԸ˱˫ɰɣʲôģº⡣
ɵҺΪڣ
Ȼأ
Ϊƻ˫ĿᣬҶ֮һ˿һı飬ȻҶ֮ʼƽҲĿӡ
ٶȽĿͶԶϵӰ룬ǿװӦԽµƻ
ɱ룬׹콣ħ֮ӶΣƻҪҡ
ǧʱΪƻ·Ȼ֪ʵα鷳·Ͻƻ
˾
лУҢУ붼УȻҲС
һ罫ϴƣʱҲˣȻҪǿͬ飬ǰôҶ֮ڰ켣꣬ʮ˶ҲǾʦһĴڣƻġ
ο˵ûĿ
ֿһеЦݺƵ룬ҧˣͬΪǰ֮ܣ
Ҷ֮Ԥ֮Уûֵ̫ʣмǰйڽһǿߡ
½ҵĽǵĿȱƿصİ񵥲֪ҪŶٱȻ񷢲ֻ֪īڶġ⼸λڵĴܣҲ֪һǺˡ
ǲʶûдһӷǿհס
û뵽ͻȻһ˲Ѿгˡ
Ҷ֮һ㶡
ǵһǿޣʿЩˣʵ̫ǿˣ㵹ʶ
Ҷ֮ѵôˣʶ
ǣ㵱Ȼʶǿ»ҪһͬţЦ⽥ŨɫһĨֻ֮ɫϷһ㿴Ҷ֮߱ģýǸý⣿ƻ۹⵹Ƕ˵ʮ˶ΨлƻԼȥģʡ͵ĵƣҲû뵽ɡ
⡣Ҷ֮Ｋѣ˲ڳʱЩƻƫķˣ촽⶯ȴ޷һ׹䳤ȵķˣǵĵһǿߡ
Ҷ֮þòܻһԵȴһ̲ʶƻʮ˶жԻ
ʾлӣǽҶ֮˷˵Լħ֮䡭Щͬһǿͳ磡
˲ǷˣǴǿޣڳǱΪʲô
롭ô


113 覵϶
֮£ϣ޵سڵķλƳһۣЦݲ
ͻȻƻһ꣬ɻįȽʮ˶ٷȰɣ˵ģ˶˲֡
ƻӦ¶Խ£Զپ˵òôƽ⡱Ѿ̧磬λǲԸգ̷ΪڣΪλ󳨹š
˵գ뻹תͷΪƻĽ˾䣺տ²һһȥ·ˣֻˡ
ƻ
ƻҧгݣҿлл㡢
ˣƻϽһ䣺Ҫ̷
ԱߵԽºòһӣΧİĻӰġǿĻŮ۵¶־ɫɳʦ㣿ģΪδ⸱ģɤΪΡ
Ůؿѯʣƻŵɫɷ׵ģˣעˡ
ƻͣԶԽȻԽ££Զħͷƻ룡㽫ıԽңԽԻΪ
ңߣЦȻʧ׷⣺ôԽǲң
Խ죬壬ֹ˼ԽУһʱҳϡ
ҲᣬʧܣԽǴҪһĵر
ٴƿԡ
벢ԽûֻԽŪɳ׾ɻҪԽµӰ쵽ƻ顣
˵һ±һ£ʱԽһɣԻὫͻأǵģҲ빬չˣԽ£ҿɲ֤Ҳлˡ
䡰ˡζƻо˵ߣʮ˶Уȴǲ
ڵɫŹֵ⻰˵ģһǻسһ˵޻أ֪޻أ
Ҷ֮ûлشȴǡ
аͶǸձƻ
ˡλεضɱģΪʲôΪħ֮ӣ
ڳʮ꣬ʮ˶ʵûжĳԹһʼԹ޹뽫°һԹڿƻһʱɢˣ˵ʣҶΪ뼸ʮ궼û֣ΪͻȻҪɱǣ
Ҷ֮벻ͨձ棬лӡͬԣ޲سģֻһӵļҢ
ҲͨĻᣬ곤ȽգֽԽҵº󣬱Ҫȥˡ
ؾֻλڳȣλģһ֮ԿǰѰһؾı̫ϡԽҵӳأ֪ࣿȥһ

ˣǱ׹콣λ߿ĳˣ׹콣У˵ȱԣλڽڣûҵǽսʶأ仳ңϸڳڶ࡮֮ӡ⣬ǹҲû׹콣Ұλ̽ˡ
⻰һȻ֪֮ƣ˵Ŀ⻹ǲɵתɽķ
˵áʵ޵
޾ԨΣû˭֪Ԩȡ߳Է룬ʵҲǰŰɣΪҲδչ¶̫ʵ
Ȼǰ磬ɰ֮ǰʱ֮ϡǿҲԪӤһԪӤ۷Ҳ㲻̫죬벻ܺͲǿڣȡ
̲סˣ˵׹콣ͽһԷ
Ȼ׹콣ߵ飬᲻ʶ
ǽȻʲôҪȥѰ˵ǲʣ׹콣Ҳʶѡˣȥ׷ʲô壬һ޷ǿŤĹϣ
˵Ļ֮д˷̾ϢȻҲ뵽һ㣬֪뾹ЦΪûбҪ˭Ϊɱ˭ˣܵõɱΣ
һ㶣˴󺰣룡㲻ҪԻڣ
ЦҡͷֻǼЩֲ˭˭Ƿˣʲôʱ򣬷ҲʸѡˣϣηǣϧҶ׹콣ȤһΪλʾһ飬ϧϧ
˵һ䣬תߣٲ
Ȼ粢˶ǰúƣҪߣһնǽĵ
Ȼ˳֣±ǳ
ֱֱ򳤻ȣƲǧһҪأ
â֮ʱƻԸоϵһ£Ҫ֣ϷһۣǺ޶ƾԼͶյĻӰն顣
ĨֱȣƽĳȽɽѣֹڹķ֡
ڹֻǰ벽ӲǿһǱƣѪ
롭!ڹ꼸ˣһ£Ͳ㱻˻Ѳ赶ɱ꣡
ƻҲûг֣֪˿̲׷ʵʱ򣬳ȵľһڵӣƻȽ˵Խ´س󻽳֮;֮鵲ǰ
޵֮·ʲô⣿Ȼسｻ
ɫףȴԥǰƻһ٣ԭڵ˫ڻ𵭵⣬ҲˮƻͷһۣͻᷢԼһƽʱйоصģˡ
±ˡ
ƻҧͷȥɡ
̲סʧЦƻԴȻԼߣһκòá
ƻͷȥȻԣǽ֮;֮齻ָ֮ɣӹ֮һֻ㹻ˡ
ڶα˽ˣ֮Щ죬ʶ룬ҲǺ룬ȫ̶ܵ
ֱС
֮Ȼ˸飬̧ͷȻʱѾ˿У廯ڵֱȥ
¡¡
׹ɽʯһը죬ŵƲ㱻һָҫ۵ҵĽâϯأ֮ʱɲǱѣ
֮һƽ˹ɽ֮λһȴ֮ǿʮֱնԲգǿ߲꼰˺
һ龳ĴܣλڽģϢ岻ܿƣһ޷ãԼն촷ۣ
龳ĴѿʶΣٹ˲ʲôǳʶתӣȴһԶĴ
ˣʮ˶ǲ롰ᡱɱȵ֮
ֻһ䣬лӵ˻֣ջžȸͻƽ𵤵ߴʲȥðκ֪һ㣬ƽһ䣬եʮľѪΪˡ
˱ɫϣ̲ס
䣬˵ʮ˶ˣħ嶼Ž
ǰ˵տƾһԪӤ۷壬ƮƮһܴ˸У˭Ĵң
˲һȫǰ֮ʵ֮ƻģƻģʲôֱ
һն綼סˣʮ˶ʱǿ׷׳ճ׷ɱȥǱȱ˸ԳС
ʮ˶Լʮ˶һЩССڷ׷׳֣ͬʱҶ֮ȴԼЩ૵ֻˡ
ٲԪӤС˲Ŀȥô
Щ֣һ볤뾹ֻǻһ涼û¶ⲻ硣
رԸֻҪԷҳ֣ضöԷԶٱĴۣοǶԷ˵ƻ赶ɱ˶ǿ˵Ƕһ١
ȻҶ֮뵽ʲôϴγʲôʱ򣿡
ʲô
䱻׽ǴΣ֮󣬾ƻ½ˣ붼δ֣
˵һ룬Ҷֻ֮㱷񶨣ԣڳʱѵҢΧˣҲش׵ʶӦһγ֣֮С屻ǿ죬׷ɱƻҲûг桭
ϵԣڵɽ¶棬˵ɽķ𡣡
Ҷ֮ҡͷˣֻǳ嶪˼öƷɽݣΪ˷еӣǿгɽˣҵƻ뿪ȣҾЩԾ
ЩͷˣأЩڵľʲôϵٳֵ֣Ĵ㿴ˣشǿɱ
ղҶֻ֮еڣȴĺں˵ôˡ
ȻйأΪĳЩԭȻʵǿޱȣȴʱ޷ԳأҶ֮ÿ׳յһֱۣ˵棬̾ϢҪȥһ̽㲻Ҫݾߡ
Ҷ֮˵һ룬һֱĴ̹Ǻֹס
ϣӰֹʱٴӳգ˫ǳǳЦ۾ֱֱǵķĿһ˲䣬Ҷ֮׹ѣǰĽ裬ȻյĴ
Ǵ
Ҷ֮㲻ȥ׷ôζڣ۷ҡΣӰӡٷ硣
Ҷ֮죬ɤȴƱסһ˵ЦʧƻʾҪȥ˾һʱһ𳹵ѣӵؿһ룬ݹ⳯ķ׷ȥ
иΣգҶֻ֮ǻƬָ̱侲ݹ;Уеֻţ˫ɫġǳӷ貵ĻԹ⡣
ĻֻһֿԣǾǱ˵ʲôΧƻټ᲻ɴݣԼһ˿ͻƿڡ
ֻҪҳͻƿڣġлɳˡ

ǿ뿪ԲĵڰΣ룬ⳡΧƳ־ȻĻ
ʮ˶¡֮ڡȻڳɢȥĵһգձлɱӭ˵һλعг衣
ڳмŵȺʱƻֱԼ۾˲ػԵȴôҲû뵽һѹҪķг衣
û뵽ڿ˲䣬峺׵˫ۿɼط˹⣬һ˫ۣƫƫߵ޶ãôֱֱ˽


114 ֪
ĳֳ˵Ԥϣʱ°Ͳڵϣ
˵΢ʴ已̥˶ΪˣƻȻû뿪ȴҲҲûг衣
ٴμ棬˽û˿һͨͨķˡ
ôˣƻסʡ
ʲôţϸ΢΢ֻ˾Сӣƻͷ̧ͷһֱڳȵ㣬ûгȥ
ֹڲҲڴƻǴô㰮Եģë޵Сûʲôֿ˵СͬûУʶĺ󱳰£ȸҷʲô
ҡͷȻɱƻĵƽӲһȥɫȽӻƿܰȫȻضЪϢæȥ㡣
󣬻볯ƻҡͷƳԱЦ룬ȻһͣսӲͷȥ
ƺ˾ţȻ˵ȻضЪϢգ˻һʺ
ƻʵе㵣ҲæԽµһ˳ë֮⣬ҪʱŪ׹콣⡣
ȻضЪϢɣʲôҹձȥ㡣
ô˵ҲΪԭһԼˣƻ̬ͱЩͬģѧԴ¶һǳЦ
ͷʱ޷ԶԱƻĪںŪСĸоŹֿһۣ֢һǰǲҲڰСèСƵĺŪ
ƻŵɴ۾ԽҪԽµһξѪѱ٣ҲѪֻʶóǿָģ
ӰԽµʶģ֮ͺƻûϵˣȫܵ롣
Խ°˾޻ܽԽ¾л㱵ڳֱ峿ŮγѣһжΣͬŵʦǴ˵еħƻ
޻УԽ²֪ڼοǰǰддľɫӣҲ֪ǵڼ̿ˮ
ƻЦİɣ
޳ҵĴˣͼһҪÿٱǧĴˣ˺üǸħƻ
һԼƻ棬߳޳ħͽԡԧ족֪νعû۾Խ¾ͰͲԼΣ
˫ֱͷڽ̳
찡ĸ쵰ѵİ
Ů˼һܿ͸ģƻȻҲĥ͸ԽҲ㲻һ
ڳգԽۻҵգۿһһСͬƻ밲ƻȴ࿴һ۶ڣͽ˴ˣһ۵ģ
Խ࣬ƻ۵ԽԣʮʱֱӾͽ޿
ձˣһ£һԵ۵Ĺ˿붴ʱƻ˶ˣûͷԣʱ˵鰸ǰддںͿĨֻΪйߡ
ʱͬգĳԽ²ڵɽʱǰ⣬͵͵ƻһһۣЩõ岻ɫŲȥƻ̾»ʱڹڣôˣ㡢㲻ÿ𣿡
һεİҲǰԽԶѧʽʺӲʯͷ
ԴԽ⻹һοڣƻЩ䷢ŹŮ̫ӣ룬Ƿܵţͦĵġ
ƭˣԽ̲סдơ
ƻЦŴȤ⼸һֱܹҿ
Խ߳ŭתƻ⣡
ûвġƻĵغ޵֮·޹ŮΣҪ˵ûôơ
Ů°ͣ⵽ͦأߣҾ˵ɣ
ƻЦЦû˵ʲôԽ·ʼˣƻ粻أڻ˵һ룬˶ϲµģƫƫûʲô׷ʡ
ƻֽͿһ;żɨһԽ£ƳķС̲סʧЦ
Խ¾ǹģΪ˱Լԡ˵ƻ£ŮļǿȴҲӦõǸĵֶڽ˺ð죬Сıһ䡰Բ𡱡
ʵ̫СֱӾͱ̤޻ĽŲǹˣһƻûټƣٿȻڶ̡
Խڽ䣬һϳ˭۾Ҳƻһ
޻˲䣬ĿͶһǣԺԵԽºɫŽˣתƻô⣿
ƻҲԽһۣڳֲʶˣﻵһѣҺǡ
˵أ
ߺߡ
ʮ˶ΪԼͲó֮죬͵Ƥӵ£ƻ谭ڶţŷֵ۲Ĳ
Ǹˣ־ɱˣƻ᲻ô
û˹㣿Ӧһ¶еϢɫ˲Ͳÿˡ
ƻɰͰ͵ЦѹȫƸ룺Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪǻ
Ϊһ򾡡ƽ˵ΪĿģһܲ֡
ɱʮ˶
Ȼأǻź㣿
ƻ벻ͨôȥɱҪ˽лʮ˶
ƻƽʱʱʱޣؼʱ̵ע⵽յ㣬Բһ㶣Ҳ
ʵ֪лӵ˿ʮɣαشĵĽٻʮ˶һ͵ڶ֣
Ȼ磬һٳУʵûҪôһ١
ԭķɣ̣Ҷֻ߲֮ͣһ˲뵽˸࣬ܿɫͱ
ܲǲȥɱû취֡
ţ
˿ɫ糣ضƻҡҡͷҲһ򾡸򵥡
ɣΪ˭ôƻУĺڻ̶ҲȲˣֻһٷˣȴʵʵһ֣
˵Щɸħ

ƻ˸ۣ֪һԼûʲô¡
˵ǶħԽ˫øƵĴ۾ţ˶Щ²ȥ죬ֱɢԪӤѹƣ۸СƵԽ±ƳŽ˰һͨ
˵ǶħҲȫڶħϾħֻҪ촽Уòô롣
Щ䰲ķƻһֱΪʱڷģһ뵽ʮ˶гܻ룬⡰¡治ɫ˵ķҡ
Ҳ֪ǲĴʮ˶ǿ׵һô޻ܣȴȥڵĳƣԭʱԻԽµ϶ֽţƻȥš
ޣţ
ǻˣһӦض֮ĹϵƻһǿԭˣһӦǣѪ˽ķȥ׳Ĵˣ
֪ˣСϵӡͲǷƸ룬ã涯˼
;ƻЩ⣬ôһ˲䣬оðɴŪˣʡ췳ġľͷ
ħ϶ɵһ룬˼ǽԱڴһϡ
ķ˾ʦͨţټ·û죬ǽޱȵ侹ҲûǺʱ޻
Ҳ⣬Խ²ʺϹͣʮ˶Χۡ
ʹڲԶ䲻ûͣʼôߣƻȴûôҪæҾȥˡ
ҺΪʱȲǿȡֻǿ̸ƿƻ̲˰죬Ŵ⣬㡢ôˣ
ްһ˲ָܿ峺͸гƽ̫࣬Щ˼ؿƻһۣ׵е빬ǡǲǴŵˡ
ȿȿȿȡ
ûǸ˼ƻȴǱšִ̼Դð̣ǸˣҲʮ꣬ײƻݺݵһۣʲôʱħãƫƫʱ
ƽױɵһ޹ȴȻʶ֮⣬ƻпҲЩͬȻԷķӦ
֮ͨٿ񶼱ˣĿ⣬ú˰벽ƻԿ䣬üĿƽ糣
һƻૣ漴㱻עܷͬȥȸһˣж뽻
ƻ㶣ʶʣʲô
Ƴ䣬е㲻˼ڱǰƻﲻεĺ棬˼֣Ӧ˵Щ⼸ҵЩĶҲõϡ
˵õԵûƻ̫ȣ⾹֪ҿһֱڵ̬ƻݺݾһѣʮ˶ԭദ꣬ÿ˶֪ƻŰģ֮⣬ǵһ
һҲ֪̫䲻Ϊ
αܿƻ۾֧֧ҲСл乬֪͡ˡ
ƻٿؿ䣬дš֪ô
䲻㲻ܵػӴƻ࣬Ȼж಻ԪӤ۷ΪֻΧƶ˵ıһһһֱûпȥ취ҡƻɣѹҲûָƻĽ̶ȣһ˶Ҫ죬ҡ塣
ֻ֪ƻǿȴ֪ƻΪпܲס
䲻֪ƻҲʱû¹£ͬȥ˺ȸ
֮ǰͷ˵ͷ¶һɬ΢Цòֿľٶȴüͷٿšʶеŭֱ֮ӱ˻˳
ŭ֮˯㣬ͷϱûʹķĿԶ˵ϣע⵽ⲻ֪סƻͻȻЦ˳
ôһЦŭ֮ų˼ףħЦ׼û£
չԴ͸ȣԻ谵ҲƵϴɫġ
ûӰӵķô䶢һĵ棬ǣȻܵڼȤζ


115 
һʿͬŻǹʽ༫󣬶ĸΪ޶һεˡ
ΪһΣûӰӡûϸӦκʿϸûΪķˡ
ӰӵȱԭᵽΪǱ׹̽ߣ֮κûӰ֮㣬Щû͵˵Ӱӡ
͵߱˵Ӱӣ˱ɲҪӰӵĹͿˡ
뿪ҰΧԭյĵϵǳǳĲƣ𽥸ֳӰӵ״ƻ鵽ʲôڶתͷȥʱȻû
ӰӽĲƻƫͷϸ㱻ע˵֮
֮ƻԼЩ졣
һȸȻŹھ²Ľ֮
ǡʾƻȥߵͷСóһŽıȥڳ˵꣬Եɺϵõ˵棬ӦöԹ
ƻӹʣôõģ
ȵ׵δ۸ӣȴǼΪԣģ±ڱǰٹපⴳλɮıչ֮أ˵ͬԵҪⱾ
˵;뵽ʲôõľ͵ɫӲһ˲ԹǸɮ֣ѾǹгˣȴҪͬȳң˵Ծһǲ
ȿȿȿȡ
гʲôġ
ƻҲҪô֪֮
ֻǿеǰ䣬ƻ˵ɵģ֮ǸлԵûɵ˯˾ͷĳ̶ȣϴ󲻱˵ȻֻǸڻҡ
˵䣬еĻ̱˦һԣֻʣ
˵Ǹɮȳң˵ܾһ
ͷûⲻֵĻ峺۾ģƵжƻܰﵽ𣿡
·һڶСβͣڴıͲֱ˵Ҫ佱ˡ
Ϸ۶۾ƻɵû񣬻ʱѾͷ
ллⱾ˵ܺá
ǾͺãβЦģ֪ʲô˵ڵѾҳһˣһҪЩǿǧܳ¡
ƻͷ
Լڸⲻ⡣
֪ų΢Եֻ֣ءͶ̥תҲֹ˵˵ѣµĸɮδĹпܽʲôԵ
Ȼ˵ȳҿɾһ˻ضǿѨ磬п罭ǰáֶ̡֮Ԥ֪ˡ
ˣ׽֮⣿ǿһǰ¶δȡõط
˵ӹԭ䱩ж⻯Ϊ޸ľ鲻һᷢˣƻûбҪϸ˽벻Ĺ̡
ƻ˼֮ʱһֱڿſţ׾սɳĨۡ
곯һԱĿ⣬ָȴƻ䣬ֻ·ˣָĦͬİ֮˵Ƥ㼫ᡣ
ҿԺһ𣿡
ƻ񣺡ָ֮
šͷǸɮȻң˵ⱾӦҲ
ƻ̫˽ĹֻһĽǳɵӦÿԣȥ롣
װẦˣжϣ²ҵ
հⴹ۽ޣŨܵĽëһСƬӰŴõ쳣ۣǹտɲҡ
ѯʵϸϸģż˿±ܾĲ⣬˵ʱҿƻֻǴ׶ѩ䣬ֱʱƻע⵽ֱԷץ
ͻСҲʮ꣬ҪСһЩ˵Сٶƻһ㶼Υͣ
һˣڱ鲼ǻѨصȶ֮ãм֪һܵгȣһʵùֵС
ƻһȷӦ󣬲֪͵ͷ
ûȴͷҲ۾Ƶģ˲ϲͷеȸԾҪɹȾ˵ͺڵƻ
ʱ֮Ȼ಻ס˳ĿŵͷϿƬ߿б߾̾ˣϲ㰡Ȼ֮ǰǸҪϲ
֮ǰĸ
ǳֻѽ
֮Ҳ̽ԴȲǸÿ
֮ʵܵܲҪòȡˣÿϲ
֮ҡһֻת򣬱ŵõܻʶ
ܵԭӰ죬ʮ˶ϲƻһл
֪ϲʱƻΪǳξвЩݣٵ֪Ҳϲȴ侲ò侲ͨԭ
ֻ꣬Щ˼ĴָϲıضǵǸسԭ
ȻϲĲԼԭп޳⣬ƻû̫ȥ
ʮ˶ֻȷûԭ͵ֻȷоֹԭ鲻ͬȫȫΪ
ֻǳ̬ƻںȸ꾭¡
˵գתͷ⺰ˣԷȥ֮Ƚһһû⣬ձ㿪ʼ
չһ꣬ԭʣ¯࣬һ̣ͻƷΪʵǰһ
ƻǰꡣ
ʱӦþȥ˵ʱˡ
ռԭ壬Ϊԭξԭδ˵Ķɡ

ȥĹ˹˺ܾòŻƻƺڳѰһȦҲûѰˡ
ƻ˹ˣҲǾ˵
ɫӰ쵽ҹʱѾŲסڴ˯ˣƻվڴ߿񾲵˯ЩԥҪҪ޻
ͱͬʲôģΪܾе㲻ڡ
֮ƻǰЩֹȥκ󣬴յƻߵˣҲ˵ĵ֮һ𣿡
ƻüһ⸱ģֱ֮Ļ¡
ǣôˣɫʡ
ǰ֮ƻù˺йݵĽӴȥһ飬ʵǿ
һ˲֪֮ԼȴʮǵȻȫϢʵû뽫ΪǿйڣΪղ¶˲³
˵ˣһ̰֮оԼǽ飬һͽпտǵĽڱ˵һŪ
ԣƻͷǺǿԪӤ۷塣
ǣ֮鼱쳣ࣺǿ½磬ǵ֮ǰһǿ
˵һ׹콣
ԡ
ƻһڿˮҲװ˵ˣλʶ̽һ鶴⣬ȷû˵Ϣ󣬽ɤ׷ʵ˼ǣ벻ԪӤ۷壬ǿطĳ̶ȣ
ˡͷ󣬰֮΢ЩɣǿߣԲó½磬ҳ֮⣬һЩĵط
ʲô
֮û˵СС徹Ҳ¶ü˼ı飬Ƭ̺ͻȻƻ˵ˣҲˣеȥ
йأ
š
Ͻȥȥأ¹ƻֲ塣
ҹɫ׹볤ȣ¹˿յĺȸӳ֮Ӱ˫
Ӱӣһһģһվڴߣһɡ
ƻվڴǰĿͰ֮뿪˾ҪҪ޻˯ڴ⣬ȴڲ֪ʱ۾


116 
֮һҹδ飬ֱڶ峿Ҳ
ȸһҹƻۣĿûа֮Ӱʧ̾˿鲻ܶ˰ɣ
ֵһ磬û֮飬ǵҹȵ롣
ڶʱƻǰоǱ֮
Ϊֻһհúܽ΢һǵͨ죬ȴѹüᣬһͻὫƻԶƵġ
νתǽؼ뵤Ȼ󡭡
ɻ
ƻ֪˵ǽķСԴһ˿ûиоȵģ
촽šţ
ǵܸоȣ˵岢ųӦǿġ
˼أƻĵ⽲Źϵݣ˵һˡ
̧򶴿ڣɬȥؾص˾䡰
֪ǿ½ƻнˣ뱰΢ʱֱձ
⡭ҹȥˣƻվ
ҹ·ԸȥϵϹ깮һ֮
Ŷ
ǰƻҲö˵ʲô𹦷Ҵ뿪߱˵汾޻Ҫ㣡
˵գļضݹظˡ
ƻһߣȸֻʣ⡣
ٳ۷ȶǰƳ۰Ե⣬תĶͻȻһѯΪҪ
ŲסȴͷҲأָ˭
䡣
ıӰڰ׷ӽڸǣЮź⣬ϯ
޲ܽӰ͵ȥ
֪ʲôΪλҪ
ҡҡӣɴɢܺͷζسʹȻҺθɣ㾹һҵǺ⡣
һҭѰĶҲʼů
ǽһȴûܶԸǰɲˣü̵ûҪɱңҲȹ
ЦҡͷƼˣɱ㣬ĵģϾɺ˲һ
һ㶣ǲŵ룬һⶸȻɢϲɫ
⻰ʲô˼ҡ˲ͬ
Ȼͬ
벢δϸ˵ⲻ׷ʱ۽üҷֲͣݹ뿪˺ȸ
ǰ޻·ϣֳΣʯĵ·䣬Ȼ˾䣺ӼֵΣ
յƣβ͵İ˵ֻӴܡ
ͷһۣ󷽿һһ˫ȴܿ͸޾գ˶ݳŹ
˵ֵ֮鵱˰֮һţ˵ܸܵԼ
֮飺
Ȼ鷢չ֮ϣû׷飬֮תˣûѼ顱ʮΡ
֮鱻ߵ÷£ûȷӦ϶޳о֮ѾЦȣܡΪָոֻǽŻ

֮аһʣȴջػֲȷǷΪ磬Ϊ
룬֮鲻Խ˸顣
֪ڹɽһμһʱҾͿƲס£
֣֮ǧ֮ǰԶҲû°ɡ
ǰ֮ƣ뵱ҲǸ첻µزµĻСħԴήˡ
ڹɽʱҺһˮˮǺǿûδйͻҾǡĪؾ
һ衢ֱľ£֮ʱӦлΪ
ôҲеڶ׹콣飬ʹǿҲû롭ֻ֮޲ܵʡ
½ɲǿˣܾǶ硣֮鲻ĵ
֣֮ܣôУ˵ʲôΪɵŶ׹콣Ѻ϶ɱϽ籨𣡡
֮飺˵Ҳǡ
֮ǰ֮ǿ֮֮ôһ˵־ò̫ˡ
׿⣬֮֮飺ѺôаԼ˻ᱻѡУ
֮νһɣлӲźã˭ΪνлӾУͲǻ쵰
֮Զԣ֮鲻лӣȴƻûУȻ·һ
ΪϽ磬ͱڷϽߣƾһǻزȥģԶѺ󣬴ʻὫǿץߣȻǿһѡеʿΪõϽ硣
֮鷢ŹС磬ƻܺãԶԸ񡭿ԽõĶԽݻ٣ƻ䱻еĿҪ
Լʲôţ

ߵİ֮֮ţһߣѾ޻
ƻ֮ϣ㹻һϳ⽻ģ
ƻͷ˵ⴳ˲ıչ֮˵õĻԵ
ںδչأ
ȡ
ѹ֡ϵĹ˷ѹһֱûҵͺ¿ԭ˳ȡ
һֱĶŵ󣬴дǫѷƻټ˵³Ļãɱ˶Цȴ
ƻɿƳһۣʣ룬֮ǰٹ磿ȥ£
صø⣺ţΪ湬Ѱǿı˳һ³ĵ̣ϧ֮ǰѱ˹أûѰý֮
˵˵ţƺЩϧƻҲе׵°²
ƻ
ƻ뵽жǿߣע⵽һŹ֡
ǰΪҪȱչأ
˵ΪŨƻȥڵĹɽɽͬԶʤ˽볤Ȳ̫ࡣ
οɽ֮ѡеĳߵأЩ׹콣׹ʱ֪Լ˯꣬ѡַϾԼɽǿأûҪɽˮȣǡ
ƻ˫Ŀ΢΢󣬺ȻԲ֪ٵĶ֮顣
֮׹콣еڶѡ˹ɽ֮еѡؾŭ֮еģǵؽ֮ء
ϲͰľ޾Ϲ꣬Ϲ˵Ϊ˲ֻեɣЩһֱ½Ũ֮ΪԼḺ
Уǻģڵɽ¥Ȼ¥Ȼһ㣬ʶȴΪ档
Щߵص㣬һԡΪİ񵥡
ߵصĺûܼӷӦǿǶ֮ڵĵȻ֮ڵĹɽŨ
ǲȱչأǷ˵ڰ֮ǰȵŨԶɽ
ȱȹɽʺ֮ȴѡ˹ɽûпΪѱռˣ֮飿
ԭʾ֮ͲЩ֮Уƻֻǲ²֮ڳУȡ߲˽ڣͻȻǿҵͷ
ǿܣǶ֮顭ڳУ
Ϊ֮Ψгȱȹɽʺ


117 ħ֮
֮ڳȣƻ˵ʲôϢΪ˳ȡ
չһ꣬һΪĵһԻԡ̽ؾΪɽ볤ȣѰ׹콣䡣
ʱ˳֮УǾۼڳİ塢ŭͳ֮׹콣ڣᱻһٶߡ
ֽ֮£õΨһŤתǬĹؼδͻԪӤ䡢лӵȽ֮
֮ͨƻٻɶ֮ˡ
֮ضȻ޵õĿܣǰǿĶȥΪ
Ҳ˵ǿ󣬴ǿ󣬲δκν顭
ػسƻûŪǰ󣬷˸һԽǰǱС˵ֽʵȫ硣
Ҳף⡱޵룬ΪβֻƬ
ƻڰϣרעۿ롣
ʱ£㿡ջȾڵɫĹ˲ɷ
ʵɲɡ֪ȻΣյĴڣ˿䱸֮ġ
θз۵һ̣Ƕ
ƻͻȻ޾ĺģʣ룬ǵһμʲôʱ򣿡
ڷɿ췭еĽ֮ԣҳ
ƻһֱ׽˫ɲǼĲĻʱһЩƬΣ֮ʱԼ
°֮ǰڳЧ
ΪΣ
Եɺϡ
뽫ݻƻݲȵ´ִһ飬֮ӣһʱ䣬㹻Ȼȷ˹
ƻͼ˽˹ȴһʾƻתһ鹦
˫ƵͻƷֻɲ֮䣬޻רɣʮ˶Ǳ߽½
ⱾͻƷͲˣǷ֮أ
֮룬ûҲɻ
ͺͽǰ㣬ʶ
ͷ
Ȿ֮һͬһˣڴ˴̫Σգǿһûл
ûֱӾܾ¶ǵȫ˱Ҫרһ꣬ͬһˡ
ƻҭһҭһҲԡı鿴룬ò˵ԵȷǸ⡣
ô죿⹦ҵģһͬ
㣬չȥ̵⣬֮գضﵽ̥
ֻˡ
⣬񳤻⻼һºټȥһͬһİš
ƻͷӦʣȻǰ²˵ٻʮ˶Ϊһ򾡡
˴βڣʮ˶оط¹ؾƻĿڵҲҪμӣ
ϯȻáȻͬɫ俴˿
Ϊƻָһ繦뿪޻

޻⣬ƻ뻺߳˸š
㾭ȥΧΪԽҲǿϡʶ
ӭŲ˶٣޻пһۣЦ
뺬Цͷֱķȥ
˴Ȼͣʣѹʲôʱ֣
δͷסͬûתԺ⣿
ʮ˶˾Ÿٻأʱһ򾡣
Ц˵ЦˣȽǹĻˣĳ·ϡ
ǡ
ǻɱˣ䵹ǲ֮ίһĻʵ࣬Ĩֻ˷ʱ䡣
תĵĺâһ۵֣æԪӤ֮ǼҲæ
ЦЦؿλʶأȻèҲ˸飬˿ɿǹ·֮󣬸
䵫Ц
ֻ˵æɱˣû˵æ
ƺûڴܵõظϣǰȥˣ¾Ͳͷ˳ˡ
䲻͵׼ʱ֣
˼Ѫ˿ǻĵġ
ӰԶȥ޵̾Ϣ紫һľ档
£Ҳġ

Ѿˣ޻ʣһӰ
ʹͷ飬صӰͷһƬɫ
ŭ֮ٴα˴ʶ˳ֵָʣַʲô裿
ͬʱߣ֮·߲ݴðͷ
ŭ֮鲻ͬΧȫ̵İ֮䷢ʲô裬ûΪǽѵ˼ŭ֮鹴˹С֣ģ
ŭ֮ȼŻƮȥƨͷţ
ոǸˣ磿
ôܣ
ŭ֮Цҧ䣺ǼһҪǶ񣬸ղˣͶӣ˶ô
Ҳǡ
ٴαİ֮е١
ʱеƻӦ˶Ϣûȵ˽̲סߵ鿴ȿʧһҹİ֮顣
ƻʣôŻ
ˡ
֮ίͰͣߣĸһ
֮޻ǻһʱںò׼ƻͷԵƻϣ鶼
漴ƻŷֹ֣֮ԱߵҲֱð
զ£
ƻһʺţĿڽ֮˸תǸĺһ㡣
ôˣǰѯʣʱ·Ժ
ԭûƻ̽ͷȥı飬ʲôˣ
˫ʢе͵رĿ˾ʲôȻһѽƻ§
ƻ
ƻ˿Ƥƿ϶ǰƤеȾϱۣ̲סЦһ
Ĺˣûһǲɰġ
Ҳ˽еôڵǲ
ʮ꣬ĻȣĴ֮Ĺ˵òʮ˶ɱʱδǹƻĸܡ
ʮ˶Խ²ͬһ˵ʳѰĻһǲʹϣԽµعƻʮ˶ȿԼ
Գع𴽽ǣƻǲǶܻ
յôƻѵ㡭ŷ֣ȷ֣
ʮ˶ء
ۻ˭ܱȵù㣿ǶҶͦõİ

ͻȻЩʲôƻƣʵڷǷݳޱȵѹתƵϡ
ĬΣ˫յøǺ޲þôڽ塣
һ⡣仰ܵˮҺ룬˸ϲһ
ţ㡭
Ȼشҡ
룬ʲôɱԣ

ֱʱйĶƻϣƻûŽƿɻ䣬ôͻȻ⡣
Ϊѹûпɱԡ
һǰȫбĵһҵļٵ£Ͽɹ۸ߣȻѡ롣
ףѹͲͬһָ飬ʲôɱԡ
ƻ˵Ҫϸˣϲϲ벻ҪϲϲҪ
ɹ⻷Ҳһ֣ڣ˵Ա
뵽⣬ƻ㷲ʣղźˣûɣ
ʱ䳹׷˽ģԼ˵ʵ飺ʵԷϽ磬ǧ벻ʵһ㣬һˢˢøжȡ
ƻѾһˣȴûǰ߳˫Ư۾ϸȴƽࡣ
ϲʲô
ǿԪӤߣֲ֮ӣñȾ͵ñȣ
ϲأ
㣿
ƻһ٣ΪԼϲʲôⲻе㷢̣ɿɨһۣεƵܺϱθڣطҲգ
Ҳ֪ǲǴʹȻ˵䣬ƻоְһ㡣
һԲܵϢҲָƽ˫ҹɫڵ۾
ҿҪúˣҹп𣿡
С˫ȥƻһСͻƷǿɾˡ
Ե˵ͷҲû׷ԭ
ƻԭ̽һ¶֮ڣԼûп⣬֮ΪɻȥˣûħҲûѯ£ôˡ
ƻͰ֮ͬʱðһͷһôתˣ
֮ƻ͸ֻ˵˷ߺߣ⻵Ҳн졣
ôˣղ˵ʲôˣ
£ֹˡ֮ƻȻػ꾭ƻֺֺЦһ춼ܰ֡
ƻù˽໯һЩ֪ͨʮ˶ٲ뿪Ը˫ޣҲ֤ڳİȫ
ѻ˵Щ˿²װݣƻ뽫˸ߣκʵ벻֪ڼƻʲôÿ£Ҷ
ʮ˶⣬ƻֽעŻذ֮飬ѯҹδջ񣬰֮ҡͷֻ˵Լˡ
֮鲻ƻ֮ݣֻ¶Ѻ˶ƻ
ƻЩʧҲû֪˶ڳȣδ֪鷢չȻܵȵ𰸡
룬ڣô죬Լᱻɱ֮
ǽһ£ƻչزר֮һڷ±Уһº
¡һ
õ޻Ȼһ졣
ƻͫ׽±ͬʱ°֪ɻҡ
һҹ֮䣬ͰĨ壬ҳֻʣһѪĴ֡
ħ֮ӡ䡣


118 ¯
ΧƽչսոĻ˭뵽ʱذըˡħը죬ħ֮ӵʮ꣬ôͻȻˮ档
䡣
ˮڵͽ¯֮һ䡣
յµһˣ˫۾עĿǧٱ䡣
Ȼ
䣬Щһֽ͵ͨˡ
ħ֮ӣôʦҲãɱ޹Ҳգ޷ǶǱʹȻٳƲ뾭ѵ߻ħһİ˰ħôƣ
䡭ǻǷµˮСʦ
ʱ仹ֶУӶǴ˾뽪ɽ·ΪڶֳڰʧȥźڻйоǰҶ׫Ĺ°ˡ
뷲̫Զ̫Զȴͨ
Թױ䡣
ħ֮ӵһħ֣ܹ֮ݵǧˣ޲̽ɱ
¹ħ֮ӾڳǣϢ󣬳ϾһƬƽ˾
籩ǰе

ͬʱȵס
һѵڽ»ڳճֹˡ
޻һ·ƻѸܵ˹з঵Ľգ·˸ʹԴÿ˵ʶ̽ϷǷɶڵķ
ħ֮ӲֹɵҲɷǣƻǰεٺãǷ޵ɱҲƭԪӤ
ƻһ·ɫȴһ·ת
û뵽ģӶܱ⡣
˵ɱԶԶӳڣ׷߿֮˵ö֮Ȼк⣿
ҢЦǳûֵõ
ûԵĺ꣡ղɱһ𣬹Īܴ׻˵һ룬ȻԶһԲҶ֮
˫Ŀ絶޵ֱҧһҶ֮۽ֽס
Ҷ֮һţһڲƵȴҲ˿ʧȡ
ڱԵ䣬߹𵭵Цƣ˶סºαػš
ףûİΣ
Ҷ֮ƽΣԻỤù
ף㡭
ΨһڵелͻȻŭ⣺죡˭˵ϻ
ʱž
׵лӵ۾Ҫȴҧ촽δ
лʵǿǿ֮鸨Ķ֣а˵ɱˣɲһհǰ˺
аޣȥ⼸˲ûйôǿ󣿺üİǣ
˵ǡٿص൭·Լ޸ϵ䡣
뿴ֻһ˲漴лʤ㼴ħ֮ӣΪҪӽãһҪŰô
һһ
еŭ֮飬ԪӤϢΧɱ֮ûƤһơ
ƻʱǰĽûдڸС
ǰˣµһ˾ȴʼԣֱƻֲȻһЦɫػ
Ȼת⣬۵˸һĨ΢⡣
Ц
ƻһֻŸͶЦŲһܾͣһĻʶЦûЩļ¡
ݶ¶˻ЦóĪǴɡ
˷׷׳ƻò¶棬Ңϲ罪ףһֺãҺ㰡
ƻĪץӣڶԴʶۼ֣ƿꡣ
Цݽϡ
ƻûȷڵѲӰ
ڼػسȵʮ˶˷࣬аʱעԼͬƻϣ̬ȶ
Ψһۿƻ˭벻ڡ
һγѣϢħ֮ӣٶȱý
ѹޱȣֻҪƻ¶һɱʮ˶ԥָɱħ֮ӣ
ƻüϣѯʱ鸴ӵأ

кȻһ磬ݹգ۳ƻߣɫǼδѿ
䲻ͻȻ¶ɫһ˵ɱ룬Բͬʱȴľս
ƻԸ룬Ƚʮ˶ͳҪ˫ޣҲҡ
ǵȷҡ
ϲЦ⣬ʮһһɨҶ֮ϡ
ģԺް󡣡
Ҷ̧֮Լΰˣ
Ŀԣζ̾Ϣͬǰʲᰡ
Ҷ֮Ϣһ٣仰ǹ죬һε롣
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ƻѾڼл˯ˣ΢΢˫ۣʧȥʶǰת䣬ǿŽ֮;֮һ붪˹ȥ

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ڳΪʼˣ
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119 춯
תʿڵȻǲͬġ
ɢҶҪϵܽһתΪʵǰȴͬÿһ˿ϸµĴĥŴΪʵ
ƩԪӤǰڵʿʹʱ޿̶ҲҪʮ꣬ʿڵֻҪԣͻֻҪһ졣
ƻľ޷ȡڵԼȴǺ⣬ʮ˶൱ʮ˸ռ䣬Ϊ¯˽
Цǣʮ˶󣬾˶Լ˸Եһ·ƻõɣһȺָľţôϷˣڹưꡣ
ƻҲ̫ܳΪ׹콣Сȴ赣ǣٶ׹콣Ե¡
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ļһ֮սԽҴħ֮ӵݿʼպԳƻϽ齻ա
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߸̾ûǰĴٰ϶ĸ֪ǿѿеӲͷһ붯֣бض˲أħ嶼⣬Ӯ֮أһٸĴ壬ᱻʳĹͷӶʣ
ԽֻصͬͱԽң࣬ұŵζĹһΧ˹Խ˾صļɽ꼸ҹϷһ롣
Խˣųɢȥв΢⣺ԸЩ֮Է룬ڱģȴ̲סȳ֣Ȼ֮ǳӦʱΣա
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˵һµ߾¶Ȼ֮ɫԽҼ״оޱȣҲҶԡ
˵ļ϶ǿڲϸеѹѾ˿ֲĵزһЩ𵤳ڵʿѿʼȲסΡ
Ĵȫˣħȫˣ嶼һЩдϹҲ̽ͷ
ԣ˴βͬһսҲͬκһսۣĸ֣˲˵Ĭ
ˣƺѳɶ֡
˸֮ʣĳ˶
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飬۷΢ӿ˺ؽʮ˶У˦˹˷
ͬһʱ䣬˷â㳯ʮ˶Ϯȥ֮忪ʼ͵֮顣
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˼򵥵ĵҪֱԣģΨ壬Լ
żƻȵ͵һЦһͨڵ޹ƻģƻֻӳһˮһ˷ȥӱ׷ɰյʮ˶ӹƽǰɱ
ڷелӵԶֽƻԼƻǱϤĳԺﲻԼֳͬ˼ʮǰһĻ
ûмǴƻùġ
һգһѽڳȵ׵ľɽ֮һ˺Ļ¡
Զɽ£
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122 в
뻯Ϊһ̣½綼ɲǡ
𾪵ʧ̬֮䣬вڿնȹ̲סбǰϴһյĸš
˭뵽ѹǰ룬ȻѰһǧ׹콣飿
ֹǧʿ༸ͬ͡
뾹ǵĶ磿
ϸϸʵɲʹǿĪĽ֮ףߺĪ
һ½Ϊ޶аħͷһ֮串ʮ壬ָ֮ɱޡ
һǶ׹콣ףԶΪʳɱ֮ס֪ԡ
룬½绹˭ܵġ
ꡣꡣꡣ
ڳʧ֮ʱ޻׽Ƭ
ȽʵľȻĩβľ֮飬̾ԭѽ
֮ϴŵ죬ɵ֮߹ʣƬ
֮ͻȻղ˵ʱһֱڿƬ
֮С͵͵ָָ䡣
֮鲻ţôԵƬ
ֻ֮־Ƭ֮ҿҲûϿһ˿־ͺ¡
֮յ֮Сղܳȥʱˡ
֮ССģ
ģ֮ǳƶʹ˻Ƭƭˣϲ󡭰
ԲȻ˴Ӻ߬ģΣһͱ࣡
Ҳ˵ˣ֮ġ
侲һ˫۾İҹĺ֣ŭɫ֮ȴֽ䣬ֻҪһͻᱻɱΣС
֮Ҳҿˣ߶°ʣµƬˡ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ŭ֮ʶﳰЦ׳գûûȥùͷô
ʱ磬鶼ڿֻ½ܻḲŭ֮ȴںΪ½綼ʶķ羰ˡ
ȥǸӣŭ̲֮סʶǶΣֻҪûͽⲻӡֻһʵĶ񲻿ܵй½֣ҪݣҪ
ŭ֮鲻ڵ䣬ֻ˷ɣ
䣺ֻһʵ
֮ɵͷʶûжϢӦûģһǰһǰһʵ
ŭֻ֮Թò˶þͻɱƻ򲻹Ҫӣɣ
ڳĬƬ̣ͻȻЦˣŭ֮ôһ˿ɸ֡
ҸոѾ˵ˣǴҲֻĳ֮ؿɲֹǷˮأζʲôӦˡ
ô˵һ룬ŭ֮ȼյĻȻͣٿȻתͷ򰮺;壬ֻˢˢ¶֮ɫ
Ƕˣſеľ֮飬ް˫ѾûƻµĴϣ֮
ֻһۣһ뵽һﻹˣŭ֮鵱ʶ²ؼȥ͵ƬΨа֮ȷݺڳ˿
֮ǰĶῴϺͶմߵƻڿǶˣˣ㽫շˣ
Ҳ֪˺Ͷôʶġ֮
˺񻹲꣬Щ½֮ԣѾһǧˣƺʱĻ
ȵȡ
֮ȻãȻգգۣ½Ҳһǧɣ
һǧ꣬ǲǸû˯

ϣ뻯Ϊһ̣½ս˷ž
ʿĿɿڴؿǰһĻԶԤϵľ֮˶ʮ˶ʤ׷
ƽʮ˶ΣƻҲδɨ۹ȺĿ΢΢ͣ٣ޱתȥˡ
ǰ׹ء
̤볤ߣɱ⡣
һƬž
Ƭ̺󣬹ȵ׵ĳӲγѣһĻ
Ϲĵķѱ飬ʱĳκη󷨣Ҳʣ޼˺˵ͷӲֱƻӰʧҲû˸׷ȥ
ʿƻ˽Ⲣ˿ȴоһǰӰеЩһˣƻǰһĨĮȻŵ񣬾һʱ
Ӧ죬˻ڳһʱȻʶʮ˶һһ̽˸顣
û䣬ûαװУҶ֮ʣղƻ
Ǿƻ
Ҷ֮ȻնشϣĿƻʧķΪӣ֮ǰƻ޹ʧ䣬һҹƵԣĹӦѾָ˼䡣
ʮ˶Щ㱣ľȴû˼롣
ʱ˵˵ֻ̲̣Ҫʵʧƻദһ뵽ԺҲʻĹоζӳ¡
֮ȣ¯ѹեʮ񶼲ʲôˡ
ħлܻ۳ƣεĺ˿˿ƽϢɭȻ÷ǿ߶ҿ
˿룬ΨалӼϵĺߺצ˺лϵ׺ۡ
ͲʲôΧƹһˣôǣյ
лӣյô
ҢŭԹƻԹʧıԣ¯а֮£ΪӰ죬ˣ
꼧Ңŭһ
䷢˻թʮĹ𽥱ˣƬΪʳȻΪҪʳŻὫȺɽģʧ֮Ĺ֮ԣ
ʱҶ֮ҲҢ뷨סˣҲòϼҢһûӵĺҲһ˵һ죡
Ҳкܶ޷ͣҶ֮Ĭɨʮ˶Ĵǣ
ΪûһֱΪƫƫѡƻ
лӺȻĮȻЩʲô塣
Ҫȥȹùһڲ
ǣΪƻ飿ҢҸʲôûʲôû
Ңһ漴һŭס죡ŭͷԣлӼͷлһȷɳǧס
ǱѾõȺڳ֣ŷųʵǿסΣ漴Ȼŵؿлӡ
һֹüҢѪɢϵŭССһֻ˫Ŀͨس𣬱˿ǻ
ǿǿƾʲôһôǿģַϵʲǿҺòġ
Ⱥƽװ첱Ӵ֣ԼҶӿ޵ñһһѺ󣬵ߵѵˡ
Ң߿ޱҴ򲻹ǣҺòģΪʲôͲأ䣡롭
죬ꡣлתתմɼҢ󣬻Ұ˫ӳ콣ﱻŵŶµ֮飬͵֮顭֮ףǣ˶ǵĶƾʲôôǿ
ǿٹ궼޷Խǿ󵽶ָܽɱǿ󵽡˾
˭ʲô
ڣעܳƻעֻٻʮ˶ҲעֻǾһ
̫ǿˣ黹ǿ
лЦݽŨʹü߸̧ſݼƣ԰ɭɭȻ콣ƻһֻ֮黯ΪȻ˳ϲķٻħ壡
еڶ֮һʿܹģٻħ崫һޱȵĲҽУʽâת۾ʮǿ䡣
лӡٻħĿѡ
˵Ƿٻħ棿ӽձ˷ٻħ壬桢󻼣
侲ֻǱ֮ǰαװлԶȼҢӷħɱ˲֪˺һͷīɢſ޺أΪֻǿһ壿һܣճƣӱٻħ壬ȥɱǸ˰ħ
Ҷ֮㻹Ҫȥɱ䣿ƻж֮֡
лȥ˵ĸƻ޷²ʳ̻ĹˣǸΪŪͷȥصƻ
Ҷ֮һʱԣҲöƻ˵ʧǰļļһ̡
ںߣΪڷţƻոմûԵɵشӸоǼǰƻֻԶԶĮȻš
лӺȻˣĸνˡ
ǰƻҲȥأͬһΪڣֻʱƻûҲʧ֮ȡʱЩԼ˵лʱһˮ
ˮ̫̹ǣЩϵˮҲδȫɺԡ
лӽָٻħۺˮɫЦ
ʲôĸƻӲˣӲҪˣ
ʱҶ֮Ȼ΢΢һͬʱɨЩ͵͵Ǳĸʿ
ȽһƣȻɵǿδϵȴѾв˰಻סǰһǱѰǵ걻ߵĸɱ⣬δؾԷֲԽҵһӣЩʿ˵ֵûĻԵ䱦
ֹˣлºݻۿͬűһնķٻħ嶼˵׷׶֮ȵıԵȥֲֹһȵôΣҲҪȫοֻҪǲȥƻҲһǳ֡
ԽԽϢʧգɽˮڡԵȡԼĵҲ̲סǱȣƬ̣ϢѲ֪һ롣
ʮ˶δ룬ڳʮ꣬ƻǵɣǼԳȵָƣҲȥЩνر
Ϊû磿
ЩտĳϿգҶ֮Ȼ겻ʣϹĹǽˣҲó֮޻Ľ磬ԷڵĽ磬˯ǰĽ磬һǶƷֺΪβһ磿
ҢûӽϵĴлһŲŲʣл俴Źķħ壬ڿһȺˡ
˶ûҶ֮ķʣҲͬ¡
ڴʱȴһڴ˵سֵҶ֮
ڳеⲻ֪ʱ˹ȣüžȣΪʲô
Ҷ֮ѾûȥӦ⡰ˡ쳣֮µĳȣݣɫõȴһһʹѪɫһʼͲ´ˣƻǽ飬ҲΧƻĶ֮顣
˵ÿһ鶼һ֮أ֮ؾŭ֮֮أ֮ǹɽ֮¥Ƕ֮
ĵؽ鱨λաͬš֮ΪзȫԹҪʲô磬ڹ겻ǻ˵նˡ
˵˵ţǵشҶ֮ļ򣬴̹ǵĺ˳ƬӿڣҶ̲֮ס˸ȥΪλ֪
Ŀԣ˵ʱ¶һɬǳЦ
һʧܣҿۿģ𣿡


123 ۵
ԣ˶ֻڷԷ֮´̼ʧķ裬ƫƫʱҶ֮
ʮ˶УΨҶ֪֮ѹǷˣλڽһĹޡ
ԶˡħѰ̣Ϊֻ˲ſܻΪһε⾹˵ڳڶ֮
Ҷ֮оúЦȴӲЦи˵ûʱϷˣ
γҲȷΪˡϷˣҶ֮
ȻĿתлӣһƫͷʣл˿ɷ֮黽мҪѯ
֮飬˴γȵĿġ
лӶǰڿնġˡһ˫ΣۼϷ֮Щͷ۵ذ˰֡
лˣҿɲͬдģοͷһ˲ѹɲ֮䣬ԲǧʿסΣëȻس˴
ǵϢü죬ʿѹԴɾڸոյ˲䣬ȴַһ¶Ŀɲо
˵ɣοҲҵĶ֣лˣ½ǿΪ𣬲Ҫ˷ǵʱ䡣
л̧Ķڰգ֮󣬲һЦʹĶסɫЦȴҡ
ܺá治롢⡢ƻԭ½ȤĵطڼţʵеԲˡ
ԣҡͷлûҪԷƱʱ콾֮гˡ
˵գ⣬ȻһϮлг纣Ĺɷ֮֮ܵñ
֮ʱ֪˭ˣݵлͷֻ¶һ˫۾⡣
뼴Ƕ֮飬½ܵбҲǺϺ򣬿һ½֮ˣôԶ½ʵ
شøɴࣺΪ½֮
֮飺
֮ɲΪ˱׷ʣ΢һ䣬Ŀ˵Լ֮࣬飬㻹ǵ½֮ǰ𣿡
ͻȻˡ
˵֮飬ͻȻʯˡ
֮ļ䣬ۼһŽӲӵǳһɽ֮ߣַСôػʮκ󣬾ûþֳһĻԱĳ档
¡¡
︲
˵½Ѿؿˣ֮֮飬иոձȾԱþ˲ܸͬܡ
֪ЩϽĽ½Ĺֻ½˱ڹˡ
ţʱѾǵڶοˣһлҪܵеĶ硣
֮ٴǴ󣬼ܣȻȴ裡ؿ½硭½ȫɱ⣬ܣ
أٶȰ
֮Ц⣬ȻһĿȻġ
лӻδ֮˴ʧģ
ʵеڶĽ飬׻ĸģԴ鶼һ̬ʱͷ˶¡
ԡ
лüȻ֮Ϊ죬Լļ棬ƺҲĻֲ̿ɶա
лͻȻһ죺֪Ƕ֮飬ԵŻᱻŵôҴΪ
֮黹δӻлʶҡͷҲ֪ǶҲûô¶񡭡
㵱ΪҪΪ
Ϊ֡˵һ룬֮Ȼס˿ǣʲôš
ʱ˵Ļ½ؿһΡ
½ؿ㼴ЩֱͨĽҲӵЩʱƷ˵ļ䡣
ĳЩӡΪ̵ȴпܻӡǵʶ
ͱ˵ûɵĿ־塣
֮ڻȻ򣺡Ǽһһҹ鷳
ҹ㣬Ҳ֪ʲôӦĻþйأһȥɽٴ㣿
ûС֮ãȻҡͷû˵ֻÿ͹˯ɽܸߵջԷĻþƺС
üʣ֮þʲô
֮գôǿôܿ͸
Щĵɨһֱۣ֮Ҫ߳ŭתʣڹɽûʲô£
ȥɽΪµĺҪʲôôǺڱչأã˯ܸʲ֮Ȼֶסˡ
ԼʲôƬ̺ɵɱô
۾һɫȻ벻֮޹ɱ˱ΥϧֵˣضǼĴڡ
Ҷ֮ͻȻɱ塣
ǶǼʮǰ£ԴʮǰʼҲڳ֡
ʮǰҶ֮૵ʼʮǰ½緢ʲô
ԴˣʵҲֻǲ²⣬֮ȴ֪˵ǶԵģΪ˲Щ½磬֮ǰʵӡһ룬οɱˡ
лӺȻڽƾ޾ݣڵɽɱһӣڹ²Ҳɱˣôûɱ
˳Ĭ˰Σ֮ͻȻлͷ£ûþһչճɽ͹ɽӰӡ
ӵֻղŲ˵ˣ鲻֮ɱˣɽ͹ɽǾҵ֮ô

СڹɽɱˣΪᰣһմ𵤵СУƺµһηӡ
Ҷ֮ٷһڲؼǣĳһҳҵйᰵļأǸԤ콾ȴ޹ֻ˲ʵһʡ
Ҷ֮ƽƽļأʼտʲô쳣
һֽĽ𵤣ûʲôϡģΪ֣
ûʲôرġ
֮ӸӣȻһʣ˫Ŀ־ѣ˵ʱֹסڷ
µĵӲֻţķŽе졣
Ǹؿ½磬ɱĸǺУǡ

ȵײֻгл¡԰ҶؾԼԵǧǰ͵͵ڳС
ع֮ƻûеһʱ޻䣬ȥһҶЯԣź뵵ĳˮ
Ƭ̣ҵϢ֮͵͵Ǳ˳ȣƻе齣΢΢ٶȻûˡ
һЩˣصġ
ƻ£յģûĻһĬ
ҶǴ֮أԭǳͷгĵطԪӤʿڴ˴Ҳòʡ
֮ۼƻɫϾ͸ȻֻȥۼҪУһֻȵȻԺ󷽽ס
Цתһ˫ĽȴȷҪ鶯
ĺðңһ඼ҳԡ
죡ƻò԰׵˲ȾѪɫǸеµԳ֡
ָһ˲̷ſƻ۵׷ɿһ˿գЩŵȥı飬üۺЦѹµĻֲش
Īļô£
ָеļ䣿ҴӿǧС磬ѡˣ֮ĻþǴ˵㣬ֻݱʵʶӦһƤëԺٽѵ͵ķ
֮Ĳ²ûдһȷҹ鷳Ǽ淴Ĵ鷳
ס꣬ǿĿ·ľ飬ֻΪƻ֯һΡ
һݰôƣһ˵ֱڽĿ־嶼̽ֱӴһ
ôһ˵ƻҲ֪˶ߡ
֮Ļþֲֹڣʵνеľ鼫Ϊ̣ĸȼȴĿ¡
ֻ֮ǽڳľӳʵļңʵĸڼеľԭ򶼲
Цǣع鱾Ե˿Ҳû
оϢϵı仯ʶѹǣ᣺еݣǲѾôֻǻһַʽˡ
ƻ촽һߣܵĺ⼸ɱΪβȸ֪ң
̾Ϣ㶼ƭƭء
ٶȼž˵ˮҲް졣
˲֪˶ã뿴ƻ˫ǿҲʧ޵۾ٶ̾˿Ƶǰ뽫
ָƻļƻȻһɫغǳң
һ촽⶯˵ʲôƻȻݹ뿪Ҷֱ޻ķȥ


124 ڤڤ֮
⣬Դ֮е֪ڹɽɱǡĬ֮С
۾֤½Ŀ׹콣׹䣬Ҳ֪ǧ䲻Ϊ֪Ĺ
ȴǸող֪ɱ
Ҷ֮ûʱȥ׷׷½ؿô£Լһʲô
ⲻ˽Ѿ̫ãǰ类֪Խ࣬ƬԽŨأƻվУһһʧǰ
ǧ˵¼ţڳϫĩβһе࣬ڴܰ
⿴һֵĳֽĿͶദ½콾ʵλȻ½粻˵õϽ֮ǴӺδģ
ƮƮһ仰̱÷Բ֮š
ǰ
½˷Ͻˣ
ͨ׹콣ԣϽ綨Ȼɣ½˷ǴӺδ
ⲻʧļ˶Իǧһд渵
Ͻ˵Ȼ½磬ֻǲͬһʱˡ
Щ˶½ȥʱҶǸʱбѡе֮ˡ
ÿʱֻһλ֮ӣһ֮ӷɣµʱĻ½֮رգغɣһ
ٴο֮գʱĺۼȻĨȥµʱʽ١
˵Ͻжλˣ½㿪ٸʱ
Ң̲סϣ˵½رաǹʱأ֮أ
⿴һ˫Ŀնúˡ
ȻǱʱ̭ˡ
ʱֻˣһǱѡе֮ӣһǻʱħ֮ӣΪĵֻżȻ𣿲һдӿʼǱȻνħ֮ӣ½Ĺ߰ˡ
֮ӷħ֮ÿʱĻ䡣
Ϊħ֮ӵĵ½ŻΪ½ħ֮ӲŻᵮ
Ҷ֮ɤ֪üɬԽոǰַ䡭
һЦȡʱ仹δʱĻʱ򡣡
Ҷ֮ʱδ
⣺һʱԼһǧ꣬ǧ֮Ӧʣʮҡ
лɫѿ˵ʮ֮½û˷ʱ˶ᱻɱ
ǡƽƶͣһ£ϴγϫĩβһٴ취ʱʱһҲͷʼ
Ҷ֮ʣͷʼ˾ںʱ
ԣЩ㱣ʲô䣬úĿڡ
ʱһֱһţ׹콣ߵԷǧ֮ã½ǧĿù׹콣׹䡣
½ǿʿԪٶ꣬ЩٹصϹ壬˵ҲŰ࣬ǧһĻȻ޷Ŀá
ҡΨ۾Ĳ︲ۼ֤ʱ
â͸յ½磬ۣͼһ߲ĳƶ£âᴩ֮䡣
Ϊ׹콣׹֮գʱ֮

֮ϽһΪ˶һǧ꣬Żͬл˵ʱš
飬ȫƾﵽյزһ䣬лӿ¾һ֮ӡ
֪½󣬼Ң˾ȻЩΪˣѹڹɽɱˡ족
Ҷ֮ѯһʲôʵԼҲʲô
еϸǧ꣬ƻü磬̤볤һҹҲһҹ븲ټĹһ⡣
ʮ˶УΨɱ˹ޣΪƻ׷ɱʮ֮ãȴΪʵãЩɢ
ʮ䣬½粢ƻĴڣҲ֪٣ʱֻ֮Ӻħ֮ӡ
ֱٽʱĩβߵ֮ӼͶ½ħ֮Ա֮ɱ顣
һг䶨ֻ֮ʣ˵Ϣ
ˣʱѾˡ
ɾΪҪϽʱⷢˣ֮Ȼг룬תۻ룬̽ɱ
½֮кȻһ̶׻ƻХɷڸŭǧ޺
ںХ߻ƾΣһ˽һˣûʶӿʬе롣
ͬһʱ䣬ʶȻ˺ѿһŻ޿ڣ･Ǿ޿ûֱֻʣһбĻϢģʵطһ
½类ڰûǰǱע⵽ֻĴڣʱܵɱɱ֪Ϊɢˡ
һ½׹콣Ͻ׹䣬һȻع㡣
ȻֹǵùȥһУҲǵã½һٶȴɱġ
ڼƻʲôһֵʱƻǰ֮ǰ̤Ȱ벽·һ
ʱĹȣĳȡ
˵Ϊʿ֮ƺԼ仺ٶȳлۣԵʱ˲ųΪȡ
ڳȣǺԸĵ֣ͨķ±䡣
Ϊؿ½Ϊ˾Ȼعû뵽˳
üۼ価ջ˵ʱҧгݣ֪һ֣֮ΪλҪȣ
ʼ벻ͨ⣬ڳʱкüζҪɱ䣬밵ˣǶ֮ĵ̣ʲôӲ۾
Ҳ޷˵һ˶Щ㱡
Ҷ֮ǿԼָ࣬ȡԤƻδ
ԤĻһ֮ڱᷢ½ʮ꣬˵Իһڵľ
ɱʼգб㴫һ
һķôͻأ۶ˡ
Ҷ֮жϳڵëʣ漴ɫۿɼػҰȥ
ڼ˲֮ʱȻȻ૵ûʮˡ
ΪʱǨƻδʣһꡣ

ڳȱʿ̽ʱеػųһ
ƻǾ壬ʱ˸ҽӽĵȻʱš½ǿսȣ
ƻݹص޻ʱѾȺʱˡ
ͰӦƻϢ˸߲ҵܳȥӭӣȴֻʶ̽һ飬ȷû˺󣬱˴ͷ
ôһˣأ䷭ҳлǳһ֮İ
ͣһҳʧأеȫֻʣһһˣһϧ½ΪУȻȻ
ֱʱħʶǧ׺ɣֻһʼղ벻ߡ
ĮȻҳо飬ûмҳһƺںĴ𣬻ʱ˷ɻҡ
ƻŲͣڶڣúųĬ
ߵߣִָĴУɵ۵ġ
ûȥľٶпϴοĻǰĵɽʱҿýζھȻһҲȥˡ
ƻšһЩշΪصĲ࣬һϲ
⻰͸ŹŹ֣̽㿴ƻƳѵɫӿһ˵ķꡣ
˯һĹȥˣ
˵ǳԭģ
ʱƻϤĳҶմȾϵҲδɢ
һվһ˵ϽӲһԵĽȴĪҴ
ڸʲôȻʣѭĶȥ֣ʲô
ƻһѩ΢΢𱡺죬ֻǡ
ֻ

ƻԥ¶ʲôģȻס䣬ľѺ̾һ
ԭδǸʲô
ƻ
յƻôȤȻ߳ܵ˿˵ҪӲĽƱ缸䣬ɽȴ˱øǵȥĲ
ƻԼʶٶжˣڼֻΧ۵Ľ鶼ס۾
䡭
˵Ͳڶʡ
ȵϢķ̣֪Σ˼ȴŨĳʱ̸ţȷӦʱѾ§˻
ҽȥᣬںڻü
ƻƵˡ
䣺ţ
ƻ˿ȥ˫͸вֹЦǳǳżѹֲסˮ⣺쵰ҺڵĻᡣ
ϸ뻰к壬ƻס죬ǳֹǺ侲Ҫ죬ҰٺùˣͻƷ񡣡
ע촽ϣԪӤͻƷ񣿺οǷ񾳣Ҳмǿ
֮룬ʶΣʱ٣ʶҲ
ڻʾƻ˵ƻȴЦЦٴǵġ
ֻ䳹ʧĲǴϵĴУƻǰߵĻ
ͻƷʵܼ򵥣Ϊ˫طˡ


125 ܶʼ
˴δսԶԶֻ漰Ĵǹغ½δ
ǧ׹콣¶ˮħȷ֮ӣԼʱǧ콾۳ȣʱҲʢ֮սδȿѪɺӵδ
뿪޻ƻȥһ޻ڣҲʱԽµĵط
ƻʱԽڳ߶Ūˮмɾ㡣
ϴμ治һ£ٴοƻԽ»㱾ǹ˼ꡣ
˵ƻϢ֮УֻĴ
֮⣬ƻԶԶųرˣķŮ롣
Ӱһ֡
ƻʶڽȻͳ
ƻ˵ʱҲԼ¶ΣȡʱһԽµںϣȻƻϡ
ȵȡƻӽӿռóһֻʵѩ򣬡ôϴ
ѩڵɽ¥ھŲõ䱦зëϴ衢֮ЧԽԹ˫ԶȲѩպܸʡ
Խ´Сʶ㣬һ۱ϳѩǺεϡ䱦ԲŴ͡
⡢ⱦʣԸ໻㡭㵱Ҫã
ƻѩ򽻸룬Ա˵ֻ֮ˡ
Խ¼˵
ƻòϵĶ˵ȴǴĻԵ
֪ж뱻˳ţжٴҹλأͬԽһĵôһԽҶʵֲ˵Ըͷƻħͷʵˡ
Խ¼ϲ֮ںϵḶ̲́סͬƻȷϣƻȴҲڣֱںϲת뿪
ƻӰԶԽкȻֿĸоõԵϲҲʧһ롣
ԤУҲƻһˡ
뵽⣬ԽҧҧȻƻȥķһ䣬ơʦ㣡ұ֤ԺֻĻ
ԶƻκݺһΡ
һҲסңһƻıӰڴЦ
һԽ˳Խҵ˾ڹ⣬Ϊز˲Ϣ䡣
ԽºصƻߣһСξں棬Ȼй䣬ƻǰ棬ͬûжݹ⡣
һпĿǵԽµѩҲװܴ˷֮֡
ƻҲ֪˭ɵĺ¡
ǳЦ֪Ƿɶˡ
ƻԸ
·;һߵЦҪȥǲɢӣ
档
֪ǰװֻʱһ½绹Ĵǰȫأ
ƻȻͣ½Ų
ʵξࣺǹԸұ취ǻ󡣡
ˣ˵öԡ
ȻҪһٻһʲô
ʱĳ쳣ʮ˶ȥ¥գڳ⣬С·Ϣ䡣
վ·䣬ڵһӰӣĿ£ӰһƬīֳֺ֭ȫڱС
ƻ·𿴼ԼӰƬɫĺľֱû
ȻʣЩˣɱٱˣ
ƻ䣬ٴοʱ磬ʱ̫Զˡ
ƻ̲ס֮бҪ𣿡
ȻбҪ
ЦòΪ⣬˵Ҳ赭д˫Ө˵۾ȴһ˲ӥĹ⣬˿ڣΪ˼㣬ɱΣ
˵ǡΪ㡱ƻȡȰݣһ䡰Ϊ˼㡱ȴһֶ˵ˡ
ʵȴԶ뽫ȫ·һжΪһ˽Ϊƻ
ؾᡣ
ƻȻһǰĳϣҲƵ⡣
ʣȻʲôҪȥѰ
ʱ˵˭Ϊɱ˱ǣһɱһܵõɱΣ
ƻ⻰к壬Ϊˣؿڲųʹ
Ҫõ
֮ɱ磬Ϊ˾ˡ
½ֻɱ֮ӣκ֮ɱˣֻһܳԳ½ֻҪڣѡµ֮ӡ
Ҫʱֻ֮ӷǰ½硣
ƻ˵ʲô촽һ⶯۷ȱ˴䣬ͬպ庢һϸұ֤һˡ
ƵĻһ˵ɲٴƻʼձż汾ԡ
ۻɵؿ룬ѿڶȴǣģ
ġֿ֤ݾιһҹʲôҾͺá
ƻ룬ԭҲûʲô
ʱȳϫ꣬벻һ
һξ˵һΡ
ƻӦһмţְԼܣֱ۱ʱûж㡣
뻳е˲䣬оɲǽС˾䡰á
ƵЦֱøϸϸŻ˵ºϢܵʹࡣ
Ϊؼ飬һУȻⲻǴ𷣡
ڿ֮Ŀĺ֮һֻҪƻഥͻ׹塢ھ̡֮
֮ʱزٵĴڣ޷ֱӽĨɱֻܽŷɥ췣ͷ
һֺ̡
ԤУܹ췣Ķ֮Ȼηڿ֮࣬漴ͻὥʼηƻӴݱɿ־ƻЭ֮ӷϽ磬ػ½
Ȼˣ֮飬һ壬ͼӵѶȿȵ졣
½ֹƶˣεȣҲӵûʮ˶ĳʮ˸гʱҪŨ⡱
ϷԶ˿İ
ĺʱ򡣡

ƻһٿȻ۳Դȥ
һ£һϮ쳤µӰ˫ֱ磬üۺЦ֪Ѿע˶á
ĿԣĿбӵؿƻ۵׵Ĺĺɫţͬѭϵ½һصǰ
촽һ飺ƻǲòʱ򣿡


126 

ƻ³һԴ㱻°ǰ
븽ϵ  Ҫġ
Զ۵ײ𣬺ֱܿڳѹ£ŭ֮ܵɱ⣬ΪУ齣ɫĻ˲ף·ߵݷմȾŭɫ
ƻʱˣƿŭһۣ˵û£
޴ת䣬̫꣬ڻָ˼Ͷһʱ
ƻʵǡ
ӡȻϣ˵Լ̲סЦۣСͺң˵Ҿһģ˲ضǡ
ԣ䲻ɱһ㶣ƻɫ˲ڣɱˣ˿Ѿȫʬˣ
֮˵ڻ⽩֣ϧвӦ޴壬Ңڳ˵š
ƫƫڳǼҢ
ȻķӦ侲ĳϣ
ǡʵ½һ˵αΰɡ
ֻһ䳰ȷջػŭ֮飬ĿҲƻת룬ڳΪʲôʮ˶Ǹƻ׼¯ϣţ
ǵ޴壬ͷԱκ˶Ҫѡ
ð½ΪеķҲҪһ֮飬ͻȻĳ
ȻǱоġ
ɨЩ֪ƻ˶٣󲻽صĴ㡣
ƻ˵Ʒ񣬷룬ʱҸõ½Ա˶Ϊħ֮ʵȴǽѿǣʶӶݣ𣿡
п½֪ԪӤԱǵΪˣ˷ȷУֻ֮أ
ֻ벻ͨһʲôô
ֻͨƻ˵ֻƬƲƻİţͺ͵Ʋʱһס
ƽһУƻŵ۾ȴƲ⣬۷̾Ǵ
һߣʲôͻȻ¶Ȼɫ
ҳʱѾ֪ҵݣҲ֪ģĪǴʱʼ֮ˣ
գŻ˵Ǿ䣺ֻǿʼˡ
ڵ˶ˡ
ḡ̬ȣȴǲŭЦҲգǰֻ̣֪Լµһ壿
Ӳ̫Ҳô໰
ǿϢѹȥƻջ𻽵룡

ѹ˲ˣƽʲôû
Щεؿƻһۣҡͷ̾ϢڹķϣαˣǲΪ壬һֻ֮ˣ»ɡ
ƻ챻ˣұ죡
룺
òĬƺÿһ仰ܳƻƻҲһһע⡣
䴹üֵһ˿˵Ҫ˫ޣͲҪǰͱ˴ˡ
ƻһ㶣Ǻ죺Ҳұ죡
䣺ǡ
ȴûôȻңһ壬ϾӣôӱöԣҲ빬˫ޡ
ڣֹ
֦ϵĴ๽ϣһ
˫ط̤볤һ·׷ѰʩƣһжΪƻطһֻ̽ʣ°벽֮ңȴ˵Ӳˡ
Աᣬʵȴģû壬־ͻṦһ
ƻһ˲㲻˫ޣ
Ī£ҵԪӤıʲô
ǰ£䶨ƻ۾Լλںδ
Ŀģֻ֪룬һģ
ȻʱƻȻͬʱϢһʶͶ򳤻ؾ
̤ؾˣ
졣
ƻĬһ󣬶˵鲻һʱ䴦ҹͬ͡
ʵʲô֪

ƻ˵ҲǸողץȷ׿µģվ촽һﲻظؾ
ڸոգϢ뽫֮²С
ƻˣȴͣС·䣬ƻߺϵĺЦ㲻ټ
ֻʣ˵Ϣ˿̾ͻȻҲ⣬ϾѲǵһζ֡
֮ͱؿڣڵɽȥβͣǸѵӵĺʱ
䲻Ϊ⣬벻ɱΣ
Ϊħ֮ӽѱʮأһС˸ü
Ŀбӣ뿪֮ʱ˵ֻǿʼˣҲ֪Һʱ
Ȼ벢δԳ֣̽־˶ʶŭ֮顣
Уŭ֮ŭϢģúƸ򣺡ӡҸʲô
ˣʱʱϽ
Υǡ
ָսŭ֮߬С˰ȦȻֹ
˻ȥ˵ȥ˵˰ɣ֣
붪һ䶪˻ȥҲû䣬תӰ

ؾ⣬ƻһվؾڴǰһƬˮĻѾˡ
ʱƻԥҪҪ׷ȥӦߵϢҧû˵
ǿšԭ顱ƻҲ֪ΪЩ֮
֮ӵŴˣʱûô
ƻһ٣ڲǴϸϫԽĲлꣿ
ҡҡͷϸϫֻҺֻν͸һܹԤ֪δĻþˣ֮ӹܷյֶΡ
ƻ΢΢죬˲ڽǧǳÿһǳжʢδһֿܣÿ˵ﶼǳ죬ӵֿܡ
ˣƻǸеܲ죺һľǼٵģģ
Щһ˸˼ֺ⣬׾֮ӵ̱½ƬǳǳֻҪĻǶĳǳ֮Уصľһֿܷδ
һһ磬һһδ
ΪԼˣⲻֻ֪ǸʱĻǣƻĳǳһȦֻع鱾ˣʼնϫ
ʱ㲻ʱ
һдӿʼǸα⡣
ֵһҲǼٵģǵȷһδĿԣҲԭ֮һ
ƻʲô˼
룺һδҵ֮ӣǽ𵤾֮ӣδܳҵģҲǽӰˡ
밵в̫꣬½ӰڰͶӰӰԪӤ֮µʿ
Դʮǰ֮ӽ㲻½ˣΪʱʼ鲻½ĹʽЧ
ѵΪһֱˣʵϣֻҪ֮δؼ򶼲Ҳ֮ǰܻԾ½ԭ
ΰţӮ涼СĿǳʱڱãֻҪ֮ʱңܸʾ಻ϰˡ
ƻһʱ֪˵ܵǸ˵ʵգ֮⣬½֮лĸӡ
֮أʲôԭ򡣡
Ƴһ۲˵һµ֮Ӿͻлӣлʵ˽ңһڴ˿̡鷳ˡ
лӡƻૣһ˿֮ɫȴû˵ʲô
лǵ֮֮ӣҪְٱ֮лӣҲĲֹҲΣա
лˣִڽ׹콣һлᣬһɱ룬ʣɱܽ⿪ħصõɣ
ƻ˼Ȼת˻⣬ǰˮĻ֮ӣ볤ȣҼյĳ֮ｻҰɣȥһƢˡ
˵գ˲óƻģƻչһЦһɫ㡣
ƻʲô
һˡЦĪ⣬ؾУƻԭأģзִ硣


127 ￴
ƻǺܷģȥرؾڣûиĻᡣ
ؾڴվһջĻȥ޻
ļƻʵЩ֪κദͼ룬ȴԼͺã˵ֻҪԼһᰮ
ֺ޸ݵۣƻֻڷܡ
ʧ꣬ԼɹһֱϺȲ˵öԷˣȻ
ο䣬ӦҲʲô鰮
һ·޻ƻüͷʼûĨƽͬһʱ䣬֮һãȻƻͷﻹſƬ
ˣҪ£жڣûʲôµģ˭Ҳ򲻹֮鱿챿ذοʵϣ֪ʲôֻ֪ʳ¯Ƭƻ
ƻּ֮䣬֮ǰ࣬ţûʲôµġ
֮СƵĵͷȻسڿſƻ߷ɿ˵ˣǸҲ£ȥҶ磡Ȼ˻ƬǺġ
˵䣿
ѽ֮˵˵žе⣬ſˮҪȻ˱ˣ¼죬͵Ƭɡ
С̴žž죬ƻ̲סʧЦˣϽ֮ջʶԷĳѰ
֮˵Ļƻ񾭻˲٣侹ȻҲе£Ǻ±
ƻʱԺƪƻ״֮˫طʯһȥʮ
ǰһĻƻµҪ߳ŭȴֻ۽ǳ˳飬ǰ˵ЩǼٵġ
Ƴ˷Ӧƽƻһۣʧ˸٬ػ˾䣺ô֪
䵱Ȼ֪ЩǼٵģԡһ˵ƻϾġڻƪſţӨ׵ۿɼȾϴƬΣĬؽŻԭ
ΪͻƷƻȻǸξߢ¯ô౾طƫƫһ¯Ϊϵġ
ĨȥĻƻģÿһҪԣ
ϾĻҵȻû
ǰ˱齩ӲϢȣ̵ֳƯë޴شŲԺΪѡ
ɾΪҪϢʱƻȻͷͬˡ
ֹˣͷƻѧšطĶϿϷ˸ֲ
Ӵ˲䣬ԺȴȻƻӵ뻳еĻ棬ͷĲٿȻš
ӵֹڰ·еġؼǿ
ƻ˿ڼͷı飬䣬˫һ۾ﾹ¶ί
˵Ҫԡ

ͻȻְʯͷԼĽŵĸоƻ¶ΪѶװģܹݡ
ʹüģ齫ƻƵøԶǰôôͻȻȲ˱˫ޣҸĽ͡
ƻԱʶ飬Ա
֮أôңʣڰתֲ˲֪ʱץڵ֡
һѺƻԸ񼸺ȥˣü֮ǷůҲɢȥȻ˳̶Ⱦֻ
ڣֵƻίˣĪԼĴͺܵĶжʮƵġ
׽ܿƻʧĴ۽ޣ벻ôԱ֮󣬾ûܶôˡ
֮ǰĲ²˾ŲʮȴΨ´һ㣬ԱΪڸǰΪûǸҪ
ħ֮Ա֮գ鸲֮ʱ
޻ˣֺαװ
ƻ֮ǰŭ֮½תһһʮ䣬ʱʣ
ŭֻ֪֮ʱսΨǧ֮ڷϽܱ֪֮Ӻħ֮ӵ˵ֻЩѾЩͱƲó
֮й¶Ϊһֻ۾Ĺˣ
Ƥӵ£ƻͬ޷͸¶̫࣬ԽٽϫĩβԽ˳вȴǵľٲ
Ȼƻ֪ǣƾŭ֮͸¶һϢ˵㹻ˣ㹻京⡣
յµһˣ˫ӱھ¡
̧ͷ죬ȼžĻ棬ĳɲǶ׵һСƬ̡
ԭˡ
ʱƻ裬ﾡȾϼ⡣
գһһٵظԭˡ
˴ԣħ֮ӳʱԤʾ½磬˿־֮Σ˶ء
ȥֻ֮˵ǸЦһˣʹɿҲ½磬϶֪Ѱ׹콣䡣
ŭ֮ոʱսǼ˵Ҳǻ
ƻ˵Ա֮󣬾ûܶôˡ
ˡ
ʱضȴԵ޹Ҫʲô˻ʲôƶ
˵ħ֮ӵԱ
Աܹɱ½һ飬ôƻ˵Ա֮ûܶôˡ

ʱƻھκͣⲻ֪ƾһ仰ͽǰ˸߰˰ˡ
ֹˣ仹µŭ֮Щ⡣
֪½򣬲Ϊħ֮ӣעҪӻл
ͻƷ񣬲ʶ飬ԱҲֻ·һֻȺƻ˫ޡ
˼ڴˣ´Ŀʱƻٴοˡ
ƻûԭˡͨʲô۵ĵؿ԰˼ֵɫ붼û͸˶ͷ
ʶ𣿡
һ޷֮£ʶôƻʶ˽
˵ƻѾܺʧʱᲢۣʼգĶֻһˣƻ֪һУϵʲô˼ĽѾáʲôħʲô˫ޡһжǽħ֮ӳֵȦװˡ
ʶڹ̫ΣƻȻϰߣɽʱͬգŶԷǴ
ɫȻʶ֮Уɫĺˮ̤˶ʱסƮʶ˺飬ߺȻһϸʹ
䣺
ֻʩһ˿˵Ǹ֮ΪȻֻ΢Ĺ˾Ȼ۵Ѫɫ
кȻóۣǻָƻҲԹͷ
˵롭
ںˮˣֱȻƻ䣬˽ֱǴ˵Թɤ
㣬ۡƻûرסʶûˣոôˣ
佩ֱΣֱ۵ͬʱˮҲſƻʶ
ûʲôôɱ롣

ƻûɫȴЩŹ֣Ʋ㱻˺ʶӹһٺ󣬾ںε
ƻʣʶܹôˣЩʶܴԼӰ죬ûоáʲô
䱻ʶûУóˡ
ƻ̵ջʶ
佫ƿ룬ֱԱİţƳƻǽĴǣת˸䣬üʣȥʮļҼǵʲô֮ǰʧйأ
ƻ̵ҡҡͷ
ֻͻȻ뵽ȻᱻӰ죬ʧȥġҲֹһ
⻰˵ʵмֵҲ֪ƻΪʲôʧ䣬ԭʶˣըʶΪȷҲʧ
Ȼʮʵæµȥʵ㲻ãҲˣȴǼǵƻɵÿһħĿ
ֻƻתƻ⣬תɱ⣬˲ת䣺ֻһҪҽôʱ⣿Աָ֮Σ
˾ܽƻܵϵĽ벻ͣԥһ£ĬȡʶеС䡣
һһģһȻǰ
С䡣
˵׹콣
俴ǰԼġܡ֮Ĳһ˫īɫͫȻ
Ȼƻһ˵Ա֮һỹµ


128 ֮
ĹʯСһûʶĿܣֺγһʧʶ
ġ
ǰǣСֻһ߿ܣһ
ı˵ܻϵȺţôķǸ֮ܳΪˣ˺ͷ֮䣬ֺ֣֮
ķУһ죬˵ȷ˶˼罫˵ʶʣǿڽг䵱顣
ɼаһԴ˷Ҳ֮٣ֻΪֶιڲ̣Ҽܵɡ
ʮأû㺧Ȼŭ
ڵѪҺǻҲڲı˳ѪҺȫ֫ٺתƻʱƶӲÿ֨졣
䲻ŵؿƻ˫۳죬ҧŭ𣺡Ҫڽһ
ƻһ㶣죬һʱԶԡ
ƻҪɽֱһ顣
ƻżһ䡰ǡȴ˵һ㶼û˵û׹콣Ϊ˭ҪԷɽ˼
Ʋԣ֮;֮鼱æ뵲ƻǰȻʱֻĳָӵȼŭ
˶ڵؽǶӣʱ;弸Ǳһʹƻߣ¶ԣƽȿЩ飬Ϊʮص˵Ȼһ飬ܽܣ
ƻڽֻͣǻһѣ㻹㡣
ֻǻ˾壿ŭЦ㣬һ뽣У廹ǽ飿ԽΪ޵Ϊ

ƻش𲻳
ƽͱˣοʶܻΪηҪԽΪĿģĪħ֮ӵʶʲôôҪҲΪ

ѩһζˣƯ촽⶯ȴһ仰Ϊÿһ䶼˵ϡ
֪䣬ƻϵļϢϡΪǿȴǸɰ˵ģеӰغһ
ϤĹ˻ˣȴоһһĻҰСֻ÷
ŭ֮˵½սʱԼûϵһӦȻǵƻİΣƻŽɽ⡣
һѽ鹲һ½һͬʹ졣
ʲô绨ѩ£ʲô֮ϣ֧ĽǰߣΪһΪԼ
һĴܳȻСȥɱ⾡ԡ
ͽĹϵ൱ڷ˵ʶ֮Сκβ룬ȴΪԼκβһ߿ܣ˽׹콣һͨĽˡ
ۿҪСϣʱƻȻˡ
ûг˵СǰͫһȴԷӦ죬˲ƫģƻɨƻķ˿̸ֱ
ʱ䳹жߣɷձ֣ŭչߵġˡ
ƻûʧ̬ӣ£ﾹ࣬׹콣ֻһ
ģ
㲻ԸĻǱٵȵȡ
һֱԸء
ƻٴγĬΪᣬץС½ǣȻһ룬ȻٶȴǰϮŵϽ֣̽Сջʶ
ϨĻ棬ƤЦⲻЦؿһƵƻظһֱԸأ
Ǿ˰ɡ
סˡ
ԶԴıѾãû뵽ƻôףҿƻӦ̬ȣ˵η˵ڡ
䶼ԼͷˣƻɽƻգǵеΣ
ʵ֤ƻһĴ
ȻתҪߡ
㲻Ըˣģһȥ˵룬鷳
ʶץסƻߵķɿ죬°ڵһ硣
ҪǾô뿪ҲˣƫƫߵںƻԽԽȻڵػصǰĿ¶׹⣬ֱȴסһڲˡ
˲Ϣ֮䣬Ƴŭ֮͵͵ƻϳһƬ֮߿Ƭ̽Դ֣֮鶼һֻı顣
ֻԹѾãûɹһ£ܣǸּɡ
䲻뽣Уǻӭأ
ο׹콣ֻǺ֮˺֣û齣ҵķ˵ʶķпܳɹռȵ
ЩϽ綼ǳʶȴ֪õϢ̫ޣ֪ʱΨһܹ
Żջƻơ
ĳһѷĽֻһӵ͸Ϊǵңƻûʲô䣬䵹ˣΪǵԼƻΪ˿˽ꡣ
ƻ߳ˡˡȣЩ¡ֱʤ㡣
ΨһʤĵطҲֻʣ߽ע޷ӵеˣȴҪԱ
޻ڣζδɢȥϷʵԶ
ʧ˿Ҫ乬ġ
һ˫򶴿ڴĲ֮ͣ˿ڣ롣
Ӱָ߳һһŹ䲻ͬܲҪ鹦ڴϵջ
֮ǿڷͣƬ̣Ǽȥ˵Ҳϵ
أȻͣܿ
ƻǴһ˿ͻƣ³ضǱ
ڣƻ˯ţ
ƺû䳰ȷɫ㲻ߣգҲͻƷ񡣡
Ĺǵûǣűߣһ
ͨ󣬺α˵Щ˵գɨеϲͰ׹콣÷˵׹콣ֱ練ƣΪβƻշʱҲر֮š
ҲòϣΪ˵䣬˼֮Զˡ
ڳҪʻͷƤ顣
빲һֱڴĿģҲһ֪⣬ֻ֪һжΪƻ
ȴ˵Ϊƻֱ׹콣ƻͺˣ
ʵʶ½磬ڣ˵ȥ磬׹콣ߵ飬ȡãɵ֪˵۾
˵ֻ֮һֻ֮ᵮµ֮ӣ˵ûָĳ˷ֻϣиܷѡ
Ϊ֮Ӳ˳Ӧһѡе֮ӣɱ֮ӾͻлӣɱлֻɱˡƻʣᱻѡУ˼򵥾ܴɵ£貽̺ǧ֣
û뵽Υ֮ȴһơ
ü̾ȴ㾪죬һ䣬ĿͶ⣬ǲԴͥԺ۾ȴգңңӳһĳȡ
ûлش⣬ǺȻ֪𣬳ǰʵȣ߰ٶǰʱ˷֮£ڻƬڱεȣֻٶ̫ˣʮŸҶ϶֮㱻ˡ
ͬҶ֮˴˵ʱķӦȡֵͬʱ۾ʱ뵽ƻ˯ľʡ
顭ȣ
ûֻΪҲϲ֣Ծ͸ĳ˳ȡ
ɬ˵Щʲô˼
뽫װϲͰһ˿ҲǸܡ
̫ƽʱȷѲҲֻ˯ʱְܷɣοԪӤ֮ϵʿʱ̶
漴̽ץһڰϵġ˫طǸձƻǱڻƪϸϸҳз˿˿Ц⣬𻭲֮ڣضͻƷ񣬵ʱ˫˫ޣͽ˾ˡ
ȻƢҲýϫˡ
仰ִʲô⣬ʶ˾䡰ʲô˼Ȼܿͺˡ
̾˿̾ɫȴڳ硣
ΪһЩеѺˡ


129 ټ
仰ƣҫ˵ƻ˽жܡ
ɫڣҪʮĿƲסһĳ嶯˵̬ȣ
һЦҲ㣬˵˲ԸǾˡ
ι޻ֻ˵˼仰һ飬׸ˣ׷ʵĻᣬӰת˲ȥ
ߺ޻ֻʣֻ顣
ϲͰڽ䱧ȡůŭ֮ɵ˵ܸܵǰһһţڴ˴ۻ
عžطƳԭˡڻƪǴȱʱǰĻһθԺ
˵ô࣬ɾһ¡
֮ڣƻ˫ޣƻͻ
ƻͻƷǰƻڵΪƻΪܲס
ľҪʱѾϾ룬û취پȥ˼ࡣ
֪䣬ȵ㾳ء
䴹ϵϵĺϸ΢ʶΨдһƻȴһ
ƻϵĶȻһǱһССĻǣƻ˳װһ
̼ǲ֮ǰÿÿ˫ޣƻ˫޾ͻûƵģ˭ת˫޳ƻΨһֶΡ
˫ô૵
ޱ״ȡƻڵΪһͻƷԱ󣬻֮١
ֻ֮ƻ룬ȻŹˡ
Цǣ˵ƺƶΪƻԸ顣
Ц
飬տƻǰٯٯ
ʲô˽ˣΪ˻ʦ棬кͬŵ¶ó
ĿΪΣһԸΥƣҲԼȥȫˡ
οۿƻȴ޶ԡ
ʲôǸ͵Ȧװˡ
Ǵãڽǣ˦ֻ飬뿪޻

ͬһʱ䣬Ѿҳһࡣ
ʱȥ׳ŵȵ׵ʿ˳֮ĸɨһ飬ֺ԰˸׳졣
ϲһʯ¥ļֻڴˣĿƶŲԶؾ
ðǱ볤ȣû̵ô뽫½ɴһ飬ȵӦö챦Ŷԣ˺ķʱѰȻһ
ټһȣûҼıŨ֮رضûҼɾľǻȳһմӴ˵ش
˺޵ֱ
һ룡һֻʣƤǻ˶ˣ
óһſڶҪɨ⣿Ҳ´ȥⳤ
ʲô¥˵¥һˣȷۡë¥Ƭ˸һɶ
׵תֻ
¥ʿǻϲؽʲôҲûҵ˵װױһתһȦֻܽĿڴûؾڴջ
ڴʱһдؾ߳
ǰͷۺˮƸվһ£еļλɫ࣬һɥģ
ΪڸոգƻǵһĳĵĲ˵ϲͰֻˡ
˵סֻۿšƻŽ뿪Ǽ⴦һؾ
¥ʿȺ֮УϢķ¯࣬˵ĳǳ׶Ͼ˽ؾѰͷֽٱǲܣ֮λԪӤĻǿߣǿɲǶ֡
Ȼ¥뿪֮ʱȴת
½糶ⳡ粨侹ͻȻһǰôסλǿߵȥ·
Ҫʱԣ¥˶Ҫһ족
ͬȣö֮سǰЩ˽볤ȣɶǱɱ
䣡ȷӦֻǰνԣħ֮Ӿҳ֣
Ϊβңɱң
һʱʧԣŭ֮䣬ȷɱ
ҲЩˣƤӣ͵·
ӷ߳ÿο䣬ϵɱⶼŨҪȴָޱȡ
µҸʲô
µ񣿡ü֮ǰ¹֪ʱйʲôʱ֮ģʲôؾһֱɱҡ
䣬ֲ͵ˣ֮ǰ£˵ƻȥ¾ͻ仰ʲô˼
ؽ֮ǰԴҪЮƻ£㽫ħ֮ӵݹ֮ڡ
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ĵӦ˵Ļ󣬶ͷֱһˣ㻹ôģǱ㺦ģ
һ٣ң
ŭΪ㣬òݣ½ΪУ
ǰһƻΪģƻȥ£ʵΪƻֵ𣬴Ӷܿһıҽ֡
һƻȥ˵ؽģؽûãлӱ˹ȥڵؽķٻħ˹ȥյƻˡ
Ǹʱ㣬̼¸гĸֳûԲƻȥ£ܿΪĵľ޴С
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Լ³ɫԽѿֱʣ˼ƻһˣΪҶ
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ŭĿԣıоأգ۵ĹǰûӰ
˼ĶԻǷ˻¥ڶⲢӰ¥Ϣ
⣬ܿյϢ˳
һ˳Ҷ֮˾һ㶣ʵû뵽ʸ֮ĵĴ»߳Що־úҲûʲôġ
ƻ˵Ǿ䡰̤볤ɱ⡱ûסķˣȴʵʵסʮ˶
붪Ⱥʮ˶˻عȣлҲѡڹ˲ͬδѹҲ±ɱ˵߳һ̣ɱ⣡
Ƕ֮ĵ̣ûƤӵ¶䶯֣˳Ͳһˡ
ڵʵԶԶĶ֣
˵ʱʱ죬Ӱת˲ʧҶ֮ǰܵϺεɱ⣬ԭ޵ñһһѵļҢϽĨ˰ᣬȻȥɱˣȥȣ
Ҷ֮ûӻҢҲҪǻشΪҪȥ䡣
Ϊ˵ϸʱ֮ձɱƻ
֪һк󣬼Ң޲ܺһ䡰ҲȥʵڲƻҲʱȥ
ֹлӵҲûжֻ׷¶һϷı飬ͶƬֵȡ

ǵĽһʵͻ飬ٽ壬ڳҵ˵練ơ
Ϣ̣˱ڳĻˡ
էһշ⣬仹Щȵģһޣڰй䣬ǰռ
⣺
ڻĽǣɭȻԲĲľ̼Ұܵ㣬㣬ɫȴӵˣʣǺʱģ
䵭ӰǴΣƻǱôǲС
뻰˼ΪС֮ƻά񣬷ڳ˯¾ҲѲ
ΪʲôҲΪɱң
ЦȻأɱһΣ
䣺
䲻ʧЦôֱɱƻˣ
˵˫ƻͻ˵ƻΪһΣɱƻ
ô˵ǰֱҪʼɣǲԱʶǼĶʧʲô䣬ǡɾЩ˿еķԷ
Ȼóıƭˣ˸óֱһûѣ⣬ĺɱⶼĺԵɣʲôʮ
㣬ڣҲǹȥڽ
ЩˣǸδ֪ˡ
ĮȻ⣺ɱɱңƻһˣ˷ʱ䣬ȥһ̡
˵գٳ飬Ҫ֣Ūɡ
ûƻħϵħ⣬뵣⹴յЦݶȾ˼а
ǲ֪һʲôҪӦǵ½ôûģҪʱҵ鷳Ҳ½ᣬԸõһأ



130 
ʱת˲š
½ڶʿУտȰ׾Թ϶
Դ뿪ϢȱҲû̫ƽɱħ֮ӵġ塱֮ʿڹȵչ˵̺ʽ
֪ó֮֮£ɱİı𵴲̶գ޶ʿߴ٣δ˻
ڼʿٴζ˳ˮڵĽӧĶǿһͬ볤һ̽ʵɽڵһЩмɵȴûסȰա
Ȼһа˺ƺƵţЯڶ೤ѵȺʱ˫һǽţȻ˫֣һͳԹڴ

롣
ֻˣһЮƱ㽫һ˳ס
Ϊ׵ĽѪ˳׺ؿһԹ޵ص򳤻룡ΪβԸ䣡㳤кθϵ
ķžӦ
͵͵˸ۣСһ䣺ʲôϵϲ¡
ʵҲ½ΪУһжƻ˼Ǿ͸ˣ˭ǹϲأ
ʱĻıߣ⸩һĻ¶̾ȻһӶػģʮ˶Щ콾ǿϲһǰ㡣
뵽⣬̲סĿͶԶһԲų䡣
ħ֮Ӹǿϰٱ࣡
ûҶ֡
ûϵƶ˵ħ֮ӣڴʱѾֶ֪Σôһܱ֤һɱ䱻ƵԱʱ½绹ƻҪһᡣ
㵽״ʲôߺ޽ӣһֱ䣬ʱڽ䱸Է֣ڣֻһڻϣȲҲعĻš
ȻΪҪװʱͻȻˡ

ʲô
䶨ıߵһһٵؼ򳤻
ڻ·ĵĸ߶ԸƬڴ˴۲죬ʱ䣬Ƭ֮ңȴƶˣųķ
Īأ
䣺ƻˡ

᣺ˣҵһɱ㣡
֪ȵ˵ģȴʱΪҪ˵£ƻ˹ϵοؼ򳤻ǧһֱˡ
м͸¶֪£ȴû˳׷ȥǺȻһʡ
ϫ
⿪ֻʣһ㱡ɴٶһЩʱ˼ţԼܿܲ߳ȥʱ½лһƬµء
ϧûʱˡ
ԶԶ·ŵĳһƬɽ֮޻һƵȻʧ
ܿ죬˫һֱƱ
һĻһɱڡ
Զһƻֻ߳޻ʱ񣬾ȫžûһ˿Ϊ˸еĸ顣
üұിޱȡ
һɱƻһ¶ͬ
㻹ģɱһΣ
һеƻڲѪҵͲ̤볤
ûзϣתγһЦЦⲻ۵ףһ˲ʧɫ
̾ϢǰҾͲ̤ⳤ
˵գһȦһȦ²ϵ壬׷ө֮䣬Ƕ֮֡
һ۾ۼǵӰ벻ģ
뿪ǰľһ䶣
ǻ´Σ̤볤ôĹˣҿɲɱһˡ

ʼûдС
ʱ޻쳣ˮڵͼʱƻһߣ۲žŶ⾭겻ķ羰
֮;֮Χߣ㿴ңҿ㣬˭Ҳҿ˵
֮ǰ뿪˳
ƾ죬ƻ֪ȥ񳤻ҳһ࣬Ǵ뿪
ƻԤϣָ֮Զȹȥ˽䣬ֻƾ֮²һ㺣²䰮Լ˵Ϊ
֮棬ʧҲ档
һβ䰮ʱգһеƻȴĶ顣
ƻ·ۣݼһƭӡ
˵ʲôᱣ˵ʲôˡ
˵ʲôԼͺã˵ʲôһΡ
쵰һƭת
˵ܲٲܲپ͵Ϣڶ֮⣬ƻգգۣǿѹ۵ˮ⣬Բ֪İ;˵ǳȥĻ
֮һŰˣ
֮鵹ûе棬أƻں֮Ƭ۷۵ϲָ̾
Ǹˡ
ڶǰǺĵΪṩƬƬ⣬κⱦ䶼ҪӨ貣ϧֻһܿ
˿̣ƻڵƬðֱ֮̿ˮ⸱龳£ҪĻһ㶼ŷ
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ˡ
;һ·ŹɳȻܣ򾹲ɳ
޻ֻʣԼƻһֱͦĺ΢΢ֻȭһʹصסؿڡ
ĴʹԽԣƤƺܿҪǲӿڵơ
˵֮ڣȻͻƷ񣬶˿̾뿪պǵ졣
Ǹո亹ܿ㱻ƻúɣiݽѩɫǣܾٴΣ޷Ӧһ㱻˺ѵʹࡣ
ԼɱˣƻҲǲԼٴΣʹһΣȥֻϵĥȴҪһʹ
ʱţɸ
Ѿɽ͸·亹ھʹ֮һִ̹Ǻϵȴһֱڶ졣
΢
Ϥѣθϯʶ֮ʣƻѪҺᣬޱ߿־ӿûļ䣬ɫʱҰֽ
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֪ÿǰ޷룬ÿʱƻɻ뿴һۡ
Ȼһ̹ȥһ쵰
ƻ۵ú£ͨһ¹ڵأָ棬촽ҧѪ飬̲סйһ˿ǻ
ҲҪˡۣ̫ˡ
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ƻıǹܲסο˺ʹࡣ
һƻͲסڵصսĥÿ޺
룡쵰ƭңɱ㣬ٸһɱ㣡־ƻʹൽʼʼ룬ֱ䡣
ܸܵϢڶϷƬգȴΪ򿿽˰벽ֻÿһӦ
ͬʱƴѹѹƾճְա
׳ɽɫз¡¡캳أ½֮˴̧ͷƼںƼɱ
ǳѰ֮ˣѰɽ֮ˣ޶ɱ֮ˣǳⱣֹˣ˿̶Լͬսս졣
ԭʱѹȸУͻȻ׹٣ǧǳ䣡
жһͷ
Ī½ձҪ
ͻ˫ĿֱؿƬƣ૵ǡͻʱ٣
ɺ˵٣
仰˼һӰȻӳмһǿɲ֮С
Լ֮䣬лӵֻâƵġҲ𽥱
ŽâţͷնɱأβޣǱж˿飬˵½˷ʼڳȣȴһܲȡ
ղŻޱȵĽת˲նϿգƲƬ꣬ưôܿ½ɵ
˵Ƿ񾳵٣ʵȴһ١
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Ͼ齣ʽ䣬˲ס˺ޱȵؿǵһֵĶ֮顣
Ƿ׷һ㶡
ͼǰǴγȣ֮Ϻ˵ʲô
â˸ϲ֪ʱһϵɵĽ롣
˽ȴ졣

ͬһʱ䣬ͻ֮δ׹棬ʹԵԻ⣬޻Ŀ޺˶˼֡
֮䣬ƻ񿴼һĺߣԼһĨΪĳɫ
ţʲôë޵ĶɨȥϵˮۣѪҲͷߣкϤ񲻾֮ǰʱ
ƻŬֻۣܿССһӰӡ
ɫġë޵ġϻҪϳ״ʱӰͻȻһ㱣һģ
˭ӱĵϱ𣬾ϴȥϵ亹ۣһһߵߣŽ˴齡
ʶʼ䣬ߺһʶĻ벻Ҫˡ
⻰ƻ½ʱʲôˣȻ޷ɽʱȴǲͬ
ټͲ̫ѣ˺ۿǼʱͨ죬붼ûѿڶ㲻Ҫˣ


131 Ա
ֻ仰ƻʧĺԼ̲סƻ
µƻҰϳ롣
üһƬͻȻЩֱһ߰ƻڱһ߹ϵѩɫ¡
ƻĻɴûлش
ƻȴʶȤ·챻⵽һˣעϣ׷һ飺ôˣ
ӵؽҴӦˡ
˶٣ӲۣЩ죺ο˵˻ᱣ㡣
Ϊ޳֮ȥʮݹʤǾʾף˵ﱾǰЩǷġ
һģҲЩķһñ׾ࡣ
˵꣬ƻͻȻͲ˵ˡ
䲻ɫ˰죬̲סתߣȻͶһ˫ˮɫƯ顣
ƻء
䣺
ƻղеԭʲôûƭΪ˶ˡ
һʹû죬ٶжһ֧ľʹȻϮƻɫףָȻץס䣬С
ƻϢı仯ӿ϶ֱ⡣
㣬彺졣
˻˵鳱ӿָıҵѬ㡣
˶˵ƻ˼ȥɾ޻̸֮
ŶɫݣŲ촽µһˣô֣
οѾƻġ
ڵɽϣҲǳС
鲻ֻ֪ÿÿǵĿ⣬̲סͣ
δ񿴹
˲Żȥһħ֮ӣ
ָĿ⣬񡢳ԡĮȻۡݱ¶󣬷ȥǣֻƻʱҲۺαһ벻һеΪС
ʼʶǺ뿪һǴĹ˸ô
ϰߣռС
ԷϢĨȥʱֱ׷ȥ˹ɽһ뵽ƻ۵׵ˣһ˿һܡ
޵޵һ·ȻһֻһźƤңΪ֮ͣκʶ˲壬ƤҺαװҲֻͼ棬δġ
ƻճĽʼʹαװֱƵòѧú͸ʵʵܵΪ˵
ϲŭ塢
ƻͳͳһ⡣
ħ֮ҲǷˣ˶ģ
ģĬԼ޵֮·һõĵ£ҵ޵ĲҪǰ
˫طʮֲʣԶû鶯
ӯƻ˿̻ûһʹɵһϢʱ벻ǡǡ෴Ȼ
ҵͻƿڣ̳ӿȥ漴ǲáչ˷秡
ƻʶʲôԭ԰׵շɿ췺쳱ֻʧСһͷرս˫ۡ
Ϊû̧û˿̵ɫÿ
Ϊƻ壬¯¯
ǹɾһʼתƣûжϵ˼Ƭ̹ƻΪѴӷ˽𵤣˫ȥò˶ãͻᱻեɣ
ӿƻһȴҲС
ǹͣ
ɫ࣬ʧȥ˿ƣƻڵΪе˵ȥƻҪЩΪҲãȴ˶ɡ
ʮˮΪʲôΪ̸˵Ϊ˵һĽ飿
λᣬٲܵõɣҲóԸΨһᡣ
ȱǿʲôͱ
ͷ󺹣˫ĿѪʶȴҲѲ۵̶
ѲĲ䣬֪Ӻʱʼƻһﲻ˳ò񻰡
ֻƬ̵ĹƻѾͷ˲һ֮ңٲͣ£ߵıƻԪ
ʶƬ̲ͣ߹ƻ
齣ֻ飬ֻ˵ǣһУǱߵʳ³
ʱкܶ꣬ħ֮Ȼа취
½ֻһܹƻ㣬㲻ܷ
䡪
ʶһ죬Ͼ̮߱ըһ󶴡
ɭȻʹŤ͸Щ񣬴ݺݼһ䣺ա죡

Աʶ
⧲һ¸ը
û뵽侹ַѿƣٿƻѾʵ嶼άֲסΪҳĬ
һߣƻҲѵʲôһѾЩõƣ̧ͷ䣬ٲ¶ʹ֮ɫȴ¶һЩɬЦ
ÿζҲŲ˫ޡ
Թȴ֣
һԱʶɫҰףЩɬʣʲôÿΣ
˼£ƻίֱ죺ÿΡ
̤볤䲻ÿֻأֻҪһ룬һҹڴ֮䡣
ǻ͸ˣÿζҪһ˿ΪŰݣ֪ʲô飬ᱻģʶһɶԷŪ
ƻҲ⣬Ͼһͻĳ׵ס
Ѿ˱ٴΡ
ڵһΪתƵϣƻɢ͵Ĺâɢǰס
쵰Һ޲ɱ㣬ҲһʲôоȻһһôҡ
ƻΣ޴ʢŵİ⣬Ҫ֮ѣҲܿס
죬ڣƻͻȻסĲ
һԴӴݶɹ˲Ϣڣܵı仯ͫһ𣬷Żƻת
ϫĿأǧ½֮ˣΨƻŻ֣ѭƻϢתơ
˫ƻһΪ½֮˱塣
ĿһĻǳ׷ģ޻Ĺ֮ɢȥϢ
һƣƻҲһ顣
ɾʱһڹӶ⼱룬ը˶ʶȻĽƽ߳һء
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һӿڣõ΢΢ʵһ˲ƾƬ̵
ûһˡ͵˵һ䣬ͻȻЦ˳ƻҴӦģһΡ

ƻһãؿ۵ɻδ֣¸˲Ϣ嶸ȻķѣƬɢǰ
֧顣
һƲлҶû¡
֮ƻϢеҲ֮ɢȥϵȴЦЦԽԽҲԽԽ񣬺ܿ㴫˳ȡ
ͻƷ񣬱ʱĳĲٴӿһƣ¡¡Ͽ𣬾Цӳá
ûгӳһն٣һ𣺡
⣬ħ˻𺧵ëȻ
ڴʱһ̾Ϣ
ֻ˵˵ʹϫɴ½ѣƻĽעִԲ򡣡
ʹʲôʹ
ʵʱɱ½顣
Ļҵȷûʹһ©֮㡣
Ц⣬£һһ߳޻
˿ڳһϳ˫Ե۾
Ȼֻǵϼ˫ۣȴʱÿ춼Ͽ˫۾ֻҪƻһ˿Ҳޡ
ϸϫԱһ֮⣬½һ⣬ħ֮ӵʹв࣬ô
ǣɱʣµļˡ
⻹
Ȼɱ˲Դҵʹ˵԰ɣ
濴죬Ца⣬ͬһȴȹȥһʲôֶһʲô
ʮǰȥתһ֮ıһںϣ룬ȴ̫̫ࡣ
ʧˣȻֹƻһ
ʱߵĸħɷǴĶԾΪˣʶҲۺڻǡ

ʲôħ֮ӡ
½Դͷһְˡ


132 
ϱûħ֮һ˵ܻ½ģֻ½籾
ֻ½硱ʱ˵⣬ԲŻΪ˵Ķ֮顣
򲻵ѣҲҶ֣κֲ˵ġ˶֮飬һ˻ʤΡ
籾Լֵġ½硱²ȥˡ
½硱ģŲò϶Ҫһ߻ʵ˶һ壬תνħ֮ӡ
ֻĶܺ޹˼ɵĻ硣
Ȼֻƾ֮鱾ȻԱҲԲ½磬Ҫõ½ĺĲС
һǣˣһ٣൱һ뱬Ψǣһȫһɱ顣
ȣǷ˵ĵط
һʱ仯ͺñȺϳϫ
ʱ֮˳֮ʼ죬Ũ鵮
ʱ֮ĩ˳֮β˻ţϡһ˷ֻ»ؼ
Ҳ飬µʱ֮ŻޱŨ
˾൱ϫĿأۣųֳ䡣
һճϫĿأҲ൱ڼƿ½ת֮롰½硱Ȼ
ʱĩβƻʢ˵Ҳ˵½绯Ρ
ÿʱƻϣһжţ˵˫ޣ½硱ڵתƸĶ֮顣
̱˳Уתƣ֮ٻ֮ӷϽ磬½ῪʱƻҲ
ƻͺʱתһΪΪʹʱʼƻȴѧΌˡ
ʱ׹콣׹չɲɵģ֮ѡ˹ȳߣ˳µˡ
ƻϴ˵֮鲻ǿ㡣֮Ǹͼ˽ĻСӣԺ󻹿ܱġɱˡ
ҲһΣػʱһοʱĶ֮ڹ⡣
½ĹԱĽ飬ڵİš

̾Ϣȥ޺ۼ
ɢ̾Ϣ漴һٳϵ顣
ҵģ۵ģģ̵ģƵġ
߶£ʹԴ򵱳װȡů
ڵģһ
ڣεİ֮Ըµվ˳ȥȥץұ֤ץ
Ƴһۣ֮¶һֲʧò΢Цһڿˮ
ղĶԻڶʱĻ֪ǰǵĶ磬²˶֮飬ȴ˵еѪѹơ
ǰ֮飬˿̻ڵóӶˣȥûʲôɫٰȥռƻıˣֻ֮鷳
û鷳˼˵ڻʱ
ʹ𼸸򣺡Ǽȥҵʶ޺á
䣬ԭʧȿֺ޸ʶĴȥˡ
ڶ֮鱾ƻҪȵԱʶع׹콣ŻڽкΪһ塣
һֱӽʶըؽʱǰˡ
ƻһ㲻ٹ˼ɶ֮Ƿ壬ֻҪϾƻĿܣ֮ʲôͽͣʤѶνΪ䣬ǻΪ롣
ѱ֮գΨһģֻһ·ٳٲΪһʱԪľ׹콣ҲᱻĨȥۼʱĻҷ
֮֮޷ƻһԶͣ½硣
ֻʱҪôǷҪôץסƻֻнһַ
Уƻ˭˶֮ӣ֮黯䶼С
ڶ֮У֮ӱƻ
ǣǾ˭ҲҪˡ

֮黹лϣȴżȥץ½縲лһ֮վУ̫취лӽ
ͬʱֻŬ޸ʶ֮ɵûþ۵ˤ˴ɫĺˮ
æûչ֮ˮ͵ƯһȻƳˮһһī֭Ƶˮƺʲô
ھ֮ҪǱˮв鿴ʱһȻƷɳʶȻعѾָ⡣
Ŀԣ֮һ³ͷװ
ζЦСҲûʲôãŸǿ߶˳ȣǬȥѹЩ
֮ס䶪ʮǬĿ硭Ҫȥ𣿡
㳤ûҲģûֻۣʺ
֮飺
֮ί˵һأֻﰵ˵
ڰ֣Ͻȥ
Ǭһ̵ˣ֮ǰЩɻػ׿˿ʶ
Դ⻷ľ֮䳯ʶһۣݹ˳
ʱ俴ƹãʵʴʱƻֻߵٶδ׹¡
ͻǲҪɽٵģ֮ںϺٺȻͷֱ治ͻƵ˻ǽˡ
һϿգԽԽԽԽͣƼγһ޿ڣǴڴȴʼ䲻
⣬Ȼ죬ϵķ±ȻһǿϢʧ±ᷢ𶯣ЩһֱǿȴûĴԡ
˲Լͬóڿƻһһʧڸ֮ʱֲԼͬסˡ
ô£ƻˡ
ܣ⡣
ܲ׽½Ϣƻʧڰ񣬱Ϣʧ½磡
ƻƻˣ
˭ɱģ뻹ڳ˭ɱƻĲħ֮ӣ
Ҳšôˡܡ
ƻѶһͬ𶯲ѵķһֱ½
˳ϵǣûм˶ֳƿ죬кá
µһ˵ĳ̫ޣƻӰѴ½磬һù־ɫʱƾò˻ǣӣֻҪҲƿԡ
ƻûʶԴ½ûлһħ
𳤻ʹҲ룬ٲƻ
ⳡħ֮Ӷķ粨˸ԮΪĩΪļްˡ
䱻ĽΪǲɢʮ˶ϧ½ΪУ
ƾʲô
䲻䲻֪жҪҹ¡޲ϯ
һʱ䣬һԳ֮ǵˮڶʧʮ˶Ƿ±ɸ̬ظšܡ
˭ܶµ֣
䡭
˻겻֮ʣһɭȻͻȻȺ
лӿ泯죬ĿǹƣٿȻ򳤻ӳзɳһɲǣ׽ٷ¶ģĿϵȻĨȥ
һ۹ӵĳͷô赭дƿ˷񾳵ף߾޿˺ѳ롣
̤ճǰʿ⾪һʱʮ˶ȴͬʱʱǼ⣬ξĿѵԶˡ
ƮģޱϤζ
ƻеζ
ζ˿˿ƲϣԼ͸޵ɫ䵭ҧۣһʾų﾿ʲô
ڳٻعʱ
ħ֮ӺǵĹˡ˫ˡ


133 ʢ
˿̣ʮ˶һƵ䣬ǱѪʤޡ
Ũĳ΢ӭҶ֮ѪɫʾμҪվȣǿų侲
ѹôˣΪλӰʧ 
ħ֮ͻȻʹóնȻٵһʵɵ·ʿ׷װνԴֻͻȻѡ
Ŀ⵭ɨ˷ĵ⣬Ҷ֮ϵˣȻʹӰʧˡ
ôģ
ҲɲʱشΣƺ˵Ǽ΢С£ƻͱ˵Ҳûʲô
ƫͷЦλΧǰλ׳нˣ񳤻ֻʣһɢɳҲΪ塣
ҢãǰĴΪ򵥣ȴʼû˵Ļ˵ʲôأأôܳģ
˵ǲ⣬欵ȴҰһƬˮ˫ۻ޽࣬һҪ޳
ŶԲԣ˶Բԣôϲ㣬᲻ɱġ
Ңдʵ˵Խ۵Ҳֳâû㶨ǽ
ˡؽӵ
֪⻹⣬ȡŽסļҢ˻ΣһȦһȦϡ
֮һֻһϣһʼձƻţֻǼΪķƻˣʵûʲôҪ
˵Ҫл˵ұ꽻ƻƻʱҵķȡ˫طҪѺһ˽ݾ
ɱ˻ҪģüسҢһЦˡ
ҢɫʱҰף̼ĵЩһѪ
ƻʮ˶ദֹһ꣬ȻϲԣȴѶʮ˶һЩ֮飬ֻ֪½֣ĮԼ˽࣬˼
䲻һûʮ˶
˵ƻԽЩˣԽɱЩˣֻѭܵĶͿҪħϡ
Ȼʱ˿̣ʮ˶ȴɱ
䡪ɱ㣡
Ңڳƻʵ޺һЪ˹صĳХ
ԹʵʣỨִҰ޵ĲбѪڴšѪֱ˺ҧȥ
ں걼Ϯ˲䣬ͷȴȻһƬӰ֡
۶ɵĺڰ󷽷Ծһ̽
һжڵʯ֮䡣
һ̣ط
һĳسţһƺ

лӶԻɻ֮
һ̣쳹֮Ũҵķŭ벻ʣȴ򣬲ò
ֻǺ֮¶â۹â˷͸񷺣ջһȻ졣
䡪
һԳΪĵನϯǧ·ɽΪƽأҲʿһ˲˷ɻҡ
ɢȥд̱ǵѪŻ˲Ϣ֮䣬⾹ֻʣʮ˶֮ϵǿߡ
ԼһŲлꡣ
еڶ֮Ա龳Եֱӱɵľʯ˳
ҴҸ⿴ǰҲ˼ľɫ类ڿУٿϮ£촽źϺϣãȻһ䣺лӡΪʲô
лӣ֮Աˡ
˵Ļ֪½ֻܻһˣ֪׹콣˷лӾ֮ԱˣϧϾԼĿܡ
һӦлӷˡ
ûз裬Ϊƻˣ
īΪ񳤻Ķû֮һĸϫˣӡˡ
ʮ˶УΨлӲǱ׽ģǱƻȣлȴǱƻвȣ˴δƻ¶ʲôɫ˵޶Ϊ
ȿֺؽӽƻʱлԶԹ۵һƽնԴƻ̬Ҳӣ¶飬˼Ľ
һʮ˶Ψһķˣ˺лӵ콾򽻵һ½һĹޣĿ콾ǽעϡ
ƻ֮ҲϢ뿪˳ˣ̫
ֻ֪ȵƽʱлӶƻȴ֪轵һĪչʱл﷢˷ƻգһƽ磬һȥ½
ǳУѰƻɽףҲһ·׷ȥ˯ƻУƤҲ֡
лԸ׹콣ȥƻȻҲΪƻһ顣
Ƴ嶯лʵ˶侲ڷûʤ˲䣬㵱֮飬˿̣δȴѾԳ㳶ǡ
㻹Ӳ
ֻԶıըģɫѻҷ֮ȴһӰ
ץһө΢Ľâ֮һ壬ѲƵһ綼ܴɢ
ȽһϢʶ̧лӣһ޵ط˼˿ѵɫȻ֮ӡ
лԣЦ°ͣ˫ʱʢˡ
ҡ˵Ŀƶ
΢΢üлö֮ƣǲÿɷ񣺡Ҳɡ
֮Ҫûߣһֹһ䡰˵Ϲ㲻ΪȻĴ̬ҲлЦ⣬˫
ǰ䣬ȴӿֳʱ֮С
ΪҲлӲ뵽롣
ڸոգǿ֮ԱУʮ˶Ȼһн𵤳ڵľջ
֮ǰʮ˶ΪҲδǸϾɱԲԸƻΪɣӳ˳ȡ
ŹǣΪ˼ɵƻ䱣ʮ˶ֻͬһɡ
л𲻶ĿԶ¶ɫ䡣
µûƻûǱһ
뵽лӺȻʲôĿͣƬ̣ûд䣬ǳʣ㾿ʲô
һĨ֮ɫֱܿ׺ûǱӳлӡ
׹콣ı壬װŴʮ˶ֻصΪ㹻ͻƷ񾳣Ҹʱ䣬֮Ҫڴ˴ͻƣΪһ١
лһ㶣û뵽㣺٣ΪβԼͻƣ
οһҪ
лȴŭЦƾʲôҪ㣿ӵܿǿǣ
ҲЦˣͬлӵ¶Ц绨Ĵȴ𲶾͸˶
Һʱ˵Ҫңͬ㽻ѡ

⻰Ͳֱ˵˵ɾҪ
лҲʵܵɱһ˵ϢӿкϤħһޱȴĶ⡣
лɫ˽һ뵽ƻҲ֪٣ǸĿʣΪҪң
ɨܣҶ֮˾벻Զ˭ʶʱ񡱡
Ϊţʣʱٲһƻ˵ú޹˼ɣƺⱻš
˵лӲʱΪʵţƻֻ˳Ӧ
̶Ƭ̵Ĺ򣬳ȵ׽ҶһٵڶʿУѾ˼æܳ鿴
ӦЩϽӽϢ䲻͵üȴδֽɱֱӶݹ뿪˳ȡ
лӵֻǰӰȥٶȿ쵽޷׷ѰԷ١
ǼҢƾһǿѭųζȻת߿ޱߺشߣѹң
лһͬȥɫһԳֲĺɡ
ûǴĻǺǳķ


134 ֮
Խٽҹɫʱ֣ǳϿյľɫԽ
ķںޱߵĺˮө׺֯ƻá
ǳϣ·羰һ˫ҹīӳâ
֪ԭͣ˶ãڶݹ뺣Ӱת˲ƻͣС
ǳֵѹһ꣬˷ǣһֻ𵤾Ϻռ졣
ˡħ֮ӣ
ڿ˲䣬Ϻϳλ½պħ֮ӣŵЩۿƨˡ
𿴸׷ɱ׷ɱĺܻǿߵ£½д󲿷Ϊ΢ûΪͨˣȻҲĩ٣»һ졣
ɢһδ½۵Ĵڣֻǲ׷ŸһͬȥΧ˳ȣ̰ģΧҲ˿࣬ϺǸɢĵùޡ
䲻ٱ¶Ϻˣɨһȫò૵ûʲô仯
͵뿪ʱ޶£ĨȥϺϢĿ֮һĻĻ䡣
Ϊ仹Ϊ룬һֿܣûкƻֿڵľǷ
ڲ֮ǰ𰸡
ȥؾΪľʳһδ
ϲͰ˳ȡİˡ
־ٶġһƻӦʼպһǳ֮󣬱һȥ˵ؽ硣
˵ƻڵؽˣΪǣס˸ǿߺ䷴һ
˵бܿһ塣
֮ӣǰδһֿܣƬǳһš
˵ܱܿδҪ
ǹˣֻȥ½תһȦǻһծ
ʶ˳ðβŻָƽ
ߵеʯߡ
һǰʹƻ֪֪ǳεģ
ʵ⣬֮ǰĳϫʹƻȻƻ½ĻҲǳ
Ϊǳһֱڣʱθɽƴӣǳʼն
½ʼնйһ
ǳ֮֮ӵ̣ʢ½ֿܷδ
ֻϧûһҪδ
ָеʯȻſһ䣺ǳ֮ûټˡ
ͬʱߺԼһϢ˲ν񷶥֮

ǳͣա
û֪ʲôҲԿ͸ڼҲвʿ֣һһغ
գ޸ʶĿڵڰ̫յʱ֣Լ˳ȡ
񷶥֮ϣӸµע䣬Ŀƿ߶еĿտ顣
г飬һδǶ񣬲Ҫһٴ
Цƻˣһʲô㻹Ƶҡ

ʱĳ⣬ȻޱߵĽХѹѹĺ׹գĻʱпݡ
лӺͬ͸䣬ȴټƻ
ˣԼʱһѵħվİţѡڳͻƷ
ʱл֮䣬ħŰü˼֣ٽͻƹͷƵѹһ˸߹һˣϾ˼ٵ䡣
Ҷ֮ͼҢ·ԶԶһĻ¶˸֮ɫ
֮ݷŵ٣κһԶܸܵǹɹɱ֮⡣
Ң֮࣬ⲻغһۣôܱȹҪš
Ҷ֮Լ³ʲôĿϿɸħлӣʮ겻ǲͬлȴ已̥
ǲͬҢֻǰ䣬ãҶ֮Ȼû
ȴûʱ䡣

лһ˻Ƭصƶֹһ˲ƽ֮󣬱Ǻˮһı
񾳺лܽâʢ̥ǣ
ʿɵķâ뵹һһʱֻܴ
Ȼʱŵ׾һͬ׹䣬лӼȥ
ĿһĻʱסԼڶɽ٣ȴ侳㺧һ亹ɫҰ׵Ǹܱܿס
Ǿʹδƴ٣
Ң̲סߺСģ
лӶ֮µлȴֻǳ֡
ڼҢһӶغȥĿ⣬ƺ˾ʲô׹콣ɷڶⱬƾҪӭնͻ֮١
лǣǲһЦ׾ӣ
סٴ
źͷ˵Ĳͬ˱֡
ɾʱ˭ҲûϵǣͻȻˣ
侹ڴʱлһ׷ȥ
֮Ȼ衣
ԶԶһߣһо֮еȻ֪֮鲻ʹ˰֡
֪Ļֹˡ
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