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߳縧ĶҪʲôУֻҪ
ʵ۹xȮ̫ ˫򱼸 1V1 HE


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1 
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ҹе԰ǰ㻨Žأȴû˰΢ӰӰ´µģֻʣУ﷢
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ɽͲǹʯᾣС̫಻һŷһʮƽԼ߸ǿ͹ͷֿ˿ͷС̫౳ٿð亹
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ɼĳ谮빬ŵһӣϴϲӵ˵е޶ֱӷ͢ڣһǸ˺߳ûţԵһȦȥӰ·˵˵顣
ô֪ͣͣߵ˼ɽ߳ҿˣȥǸֻ֪С졣
ڿеһƬԣĸ׵һ֣ÿÿ¹ڼϣ߳͵ĸǰڶһ̼žȴͻȻɫһݣס˺ԶһЩ˽
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4.ҪղغСǣллλСɰ
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2 
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3 
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4 
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ܵҲ̫ˣԺҪٸң߳۾һת㿴˽Ҷʱ֣꣬

Ҷʱɨ첽ո߽ɨͱ߳һѶӸ˳¶
ȥĻ˵Ÿ߳Ҷʱĸ첲ȥ
ȥõǱȹ
һ̶ܽ޵ڣ´ݺ˵ܵһۣ
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ܽڣ仹ЩȴһЦһоڲУ
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Ҷʱ̽ͷ棬߽߳ڹսǣֱٿ˸ͷ
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߳罫Ҷʱסļ򣬡㶮ͺá
Աϣ߳ȥȡһ˸СִӴµİȡһϸط˲ļвУȻ󽫰Ҷʱϡ
ֻǵãⱾ򲻿˿
Ҷʱصͷ̤ţа꣬
ܿٸֵңܱ߳߻ͷţȴҶʱɫٿһ䣬ײһ˻УֻðӴһ˷Ųſվȣ߳һвãǰ֥
ùˣ
˵յȥĻοûһ˵˻֥üͷﶼװʲô
Ҷʱʱ񾭣ץס˲˼
ûʲô
߳ǰ棬Ц
ȥĻܴʲôȻǱīֽˡ
֥ȻǲţǵӼŮĪ˵ū澣һЩݵ΢ĹɶҪӣ䲻ܶԸ߳ΣһС̫˼ʲô
֥ʾߵСŮǰһקҶʱǰĲһ˫ִץסλã߳米󼱳˺ȴֻһԵȻţҲżȥǰ֥ضġ
СŮҪҶʱ߳һͷֹҲ󣬼Ҷʱһûվ浹أˤڵϣڵСɢһأӵչ㾧Өһضǡ
Ҷʱҧţ˫Ժץλãָڶ˰ף
ȤȤ߳Цùû
һ߰ģ֥СŮڰ˺󣬶Ҷʱŭ
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Ҷʱ꽫Ϸȥĵͷ̧
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֥ȻһСūŶȻңⶨǸ߳ҪϵģѾּôˣԼҲҪþգ
£ū澾Ͳｲˣ´ζСūš
ùʴȡ߳ƤЦ˸ƣ֥˸תˣ߳ͷȴҶʱӽŲֽڶ
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Ҷʱһֻ΢΢ҡҡͷʾ¼ֵܻһԣ߳ŭ޴йֱͷؽһ٣קҶʱͻصĻ
һ᷿ſڣ첻µزµĸ߳ȴǰֱڴһ

ʮҶʱȴ߳һ£ͷҶʱָָڣ˸ɷĹ
Сģиɲ


5 
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Ҷʱһţ뵽ʱĹ裬ʱ䲻£һѪڵĹȴجһֱԴŽȥҶʱ°ͼҪؿڣ̧ۿ
ĵ£ųɡ
ͳţýҶʱʵЩ棬ɲôɤ͵͵̧һȴһλѽȴףüĿˣ߳ݵĿģ̲ס׽
ʲôٸ߳һЦЦʱͬƺĵ׵Ŀ֣óɡ
Ҷʱ겻ҵæȡȴ鱾ѱץ÷壬
ūŲá
ٸάȴЩ⣬Ҷʱֹдеģ߳ȴЦ
˾ҹ˻ܲ𣿡
Ƿģ¿һ׼ġٸ𣬡߰ɣ˽ѧʱˣȽѧȡ顣
ҶʱŸ߳ѧãķİڷȴһ˿˿ˬϸ֮ԭ»̫ѧϰĽǾڷž޴ı飬һ̫Ȼȶˬ֮ͽ
֮ʱĺһĻҶʱ꿴Ŀֱ࣬άɨžԼʧ̬Ѹٵüס
Ӹ߳ѳ걾ѲͬһѧӸ߾ϸǸΪ佫ľ˾˳¹սӸ˶٣ڻǰҲƵƵ¶ѧҵο
۸߳粻ʱȱΣżŻϼҵҲ֧֧ĻǸӹţ⻰û˵ֱ˵Ҳвʵ
ǣǸūǲǲˣڵӸʣгмֻһѿһСūš
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ʵɴ˫۾ūŲţʥĵطɺͳ
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߳ĸһжµɶΪūȫնĸ޹߳ҲɴھڣԴѧͲй
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׼Ӳȥάȴһԭɧ˽ðۣҲɴ˿ٸĬ£Ҳֻʽ
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׸߳ĿģԼֻܹţҶʱȻΪרעάÿһ仰ܽѧδ飬οʼ˽ȫǻˣ˵ȥ˸š
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״ҶʱҲջר־ֱά鱾¿ΣԾδ
Ҷʱ껷ܽ˶뿪¸߳׼ȴնһȾ̲סᰥӴһ
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ūű΢ˣ衣Ҷʱ̧ͷŸ߳磬˸£ūžƴȫҲù
²Ǽ񵽱ˡ߳̶Ц
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ĸ̽ҡ
ҽʲôʦȥ߳СޣƫȴôŲߣĸ֪Ҫѵġ
ĸ硣Բߣ㲻˵ȥúĶأ
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һʧˣǵ̫ཫ߳Ҳǣ˹ֻһԾȵϣ
š
˵սתͷһݡȳ̧ȥǷ⳩죬Ҷʱ꿴ֱۣƣóĸԼҵµĺá
Ҷʱ꽫ԼҲֱֱͦģ¶˸߳棬һ˫۾ųϵشĹǣҲһ˿˿
Īͬ鹲ֻԼΨ߳ǱһЩˣ빬ͲãЩ̫ǼҲǰԵ߳ľֹסۡ
ƺǿ޷޵ı飬Զĸ߳ͣס΢΢һЦһЦµĸأҶʱ˲ƽĬһ߿ϵĵǣһ߻άոսÿһ䡣
ֻ뿵˵𽥼˲Ŷƺ˵Щʲô󿵺ͷ漴С̫ǰǣߡ
Ҷʱ걾û̫⣬ȴɫЩȻƺʲô䣬ܿѧǱȥʱ衲Сĵ޵춯أûע⵽뿪
ҶʱԿʮ⣬ԭȴʮֲһǾȥơ
ѧûˣҡڵ˽ȥһֻһûֹͣſűߵҶʱϽսסΡ
漴ߵűٴҿ뿪Ӱʧ˾ͷҶʱҲѧãһܲδʲô쳣뵽Ͷ˶Ը̬߳ȣҶʱ껹ߵ˸߳λǰ鿴
֡ţûʲô밫ʣֻһΣʲɢ˼ܡ
ԭˣ
Ҷʱ²鿴ֻʵһȱжϣǸֱ߳±ضˤ³
Ҷʱ˿̶ԸʺͿǺ޵ȥά壬ֻ߳ʵİʰ߳Ľֽĵӷڸʴ°ںãȥ
صҶʱٴĻ̴м䣬Աƺû⵽뿪ɸ߳ȴҶʱϽӭ
¿ʲôԸ
ȥȡЩˮ߳ԶȺҶʱҲˮȡ
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߳һЦҼ뿵ͬʱЩģǶˡ
ҶʱҲһЦĿŽĹâ
»ĿԴ


6 
ٽλĪЩͷ׷ײø£һñδǲ뿪ûصѧá
һʮƣ˶̴ЩĻȴһı߳伢Ψ߳бԶԱһҶʱꡣ
ūŲ֪׼ʳ
ΪΪβԸĻ߳һЦΪ̫ˡ
Ҷʱѵְοϰˣθʲô
άĵ˸Ͻϵмصڣ߳Ƚݣ뿵һЦҲ첽ĪǵһܵĺϷɸ߳ƵģһһǶǲ¡
ȻЩһĵ£ҲٿϷɵ޷ʱ˲ķѣֻûһһƨڵأͷصؿ˺һǣ۵˲ðǣһ˼ţƬ֮ŷʹ
Żˣһȥط˸ʣҲΧСеظϽ̫ҽ߳˿ȵ˵ϿǱߵıңͷԱ߹ŵҶʱ꣬
ǲֶŪһȶ
ҶʱбһǱߣصͷ߳ʵ̲סЦһЦǡɱոջĸʿ˲Ѫӿȴп˵ãֻǶݺݵصſ㡣
ŵòûȣҲ޷̧̫ͣΣҲֻʻС
һڱҲûܽɣбɫǷ׷ȥ߳ԵһҲżֱĻüȻŴӵٸڵ᷿ȥ
֮󣬸߳翴άı˲ȥЦݣʵʵվһԣ
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ҵȻ֮Ҳٸ˵Ļղ˵ûõĻǱסġ
㱻ץūҲ¡ҶʱǹŲӣһСģǵĸ̲߳סĴԴ
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ýŮĲ豭ɨ˵ϣžһڿˤ÷飬䶶ɸȴҲҶһ£
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Ӧûеģܡǳʲô⣿Ҳ벻ͨô£ܽĽͣ
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ҶʱҲ𽥷֣ڿ˯ÿÿûȥ鱾ҪٸҪ࣬ҹʱʱҲ߳һ𿴣ȴǾûɬѶʮֳ
ֻ¼ֵܲý˵¾ǱڵڣҪ̷ţҶʱ̧ͷĸ߳磬ֻüͷʮֲͣ˼֮ϡ
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ūӮˣ
Ҷʱ˷ܲͬ߳һԲ´󿴳˲ԸҪҶʱЦ
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һ´޲סҶʱ죬ȻѾˣֻ߳һƷ̣̺ݺ˵ϣӸǻɢһأ
㣿߳ЦҪЩʲô
˴˿̶ŵùڵϣҶʱ
ϢŭūšūʲôҪˡ
һſɺã̧߳˽Ҷʱĵļֻһҽбһԣ´¶״סͷģ߳ıȴ粻Ҷʱ꣬еĲ¶
Ҷʱҡҡͷֻ߳ҧȵ
ȥԺûҵĻڵţǰεķ
˻æ˳⣬Žպ´һһ㣬Ҳˡ
¹˵ʲôأūĻۡҶʱ꿴ۼѾʼ죬ղūŴˡ
´ЦһǴۿŵɫԻǶҫҲǻá
ҶʱʹЦݣūŻѧЩǡ
ʱһֱ˸ţ߳мҶʱȴʾֱϵʱֲ̽ߵ˵ţ߳æеڴԼûܲ


7 
ſˣ¶ʳ̽ͷ̽ԵؽֱӶ˸߳磬ֻɢϢŵһ£˶ˡ
£ˡ
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¶Ͳ˵仰Ͻ˷ŵϾͻҪߣ
š
¶ȥȲ鲻Ը˻
»ʲôԸ
Сˣ߷û
ʴȣûʲô󰭡¶ЦţСҶӲʶ̧٣֪ūŵı֡
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߳õҪϢûϻ¶ûͽ䣬˭ָ֪ûȤϽˡ
߳ţֱþʱŷԸ
Ҷʱҹ
´ͷǣεؿѾ׼ĳ¶ֻֽҶʱȥ
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Ҷʱżˣƣ߳Ƿ˵ؿ뿴飬ΨΨŵŵشӦţ߾޵ȥ
£ūˡ
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䣬ֻ߳첽ֱҶʱ鿴ƣɿܾ飬һ˫ͣ˰գ
ȥϺ
Ҷʱ꽫Ŵ鿴һŵ˴齱ϣŸ֣߳Ьѥȥ
һ죬ڵҶʱϰ߳ͬ齶̸ûĲ뺦£
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һӵģԼϴգ
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˾ҹҩأôϵ
ūŵۼ̫죬Ȼǻõūš
߳ǰһδεˢʶūС˼νǰתǧأǶ˵Ĭͬһ㣬˭˼ֻһᡣ
书ǿ˾ҹİȫвͬҶʱĴͬеİ֮䡣
˵£ôû˾ҹˣҶʱЩ棬Ȼ˾ҹƽʱײβģôöû¶滹Щˡ
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£´˵Ѿˡ
ŶϢ˸߳Ȥȫ𣿡
ƺǡƺǡҶʱ°ͣ˵˿ûʲôֻͬƢøŭ
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ҶʱٺһЦūҲÿϧˤˡ
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СŮæȥˣۿժ˰裬Ҳȥ
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ⱾβҶʱûʱȥ͢Լֻȥ˶ĸ͢ȻҲǲ⣬ССĺ־ȴúܣץ鱾ǲ֡
ۿŵԽԽҶʱѼһǺ᲻ɴȥٸ͢ڵָʹӲһһοڵ֮ʶ鱾Ѹ˱棬˴Ǹ͢춯صĿ
ԼĵͿ޵˺ѷεĸ͢ڣҶʱ귴ƽ𷣣߳鱻ָõսľڴ£
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͢ڵĿʱ۲ѣн䱧ڻкţݺݵ
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˲ѵ⣬м˸͢ޱ۸ĺۼܿ㿴ӵָܹʲôѹһǺӡ
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Ҷʱ̧ͷ漴һƺݺݵϣҶʱʱתԴ£ﶼֻÿЩһ˿ѪѪ黮°ͣڰҡҡ׹
л˵
ռӸһ~


8 
ĸ߳һҪֹһūžֱתȵ
ǲģ
߳һȥ˿ף¿²˽ˣ
ղһֱҶʱԺɹ𻨣ȷʵ֪ߵܽݣ߳ɨҶʱֻ꣬ŵתĹ͵͵ǽ֮ķ϶֮Ŵ֪ΪθղҶʱƲȴѸ͢ڸŪˡ
Ļ˿ֻʣһ¶棬תضҪ֣
ĸ߳ظߺһһѾתһת˻
ĸժ𻨵ʱѰߵܣ˵˼仰
ǵͷɵֻҵҡҡͷ
ū澡ū澸ղҵҵĻţҲǵǲĵˡ
߳ں˵ʲôҶʱ꽫ãѿκκۼ΢΢ֱЩӡ
˱ЫΨ¿㾹׵ָʾ˼Ӻĺڣ˵űԸĵūһȥҪȥ
̶һ仰㽫ĿһҲԸٵȣֱӾҪʵ
¡߳翴Ҷʱ꣬˿ͣҶʱ΢Цҡҡͷ˱㱻ֿѺмףܿԷһۣٲ˵һ仰
֪˶ãϾı˹ͬһˣҶʱ걾򾲣ֻڻϽʱ͵һʥգҲҽͷ̧ȶҲ΢΢
ղŻʢ˵ĵ˿̾ͬзһ޵Ǹγϣ
⺢ӲŰɥĸĸı֮¶ԶԶ䵱ʱһССˣȴԸܾ۽檴ӲҪرЩʲôأȴҪҵĺӣ
ᰲĵ
磬ʲôҪ˵
ͳϣȴûеϣ֮⣬ӣ֪Щʲô
ظʣδߵ֮ģľˣδаԡ
ϡдŲ檽֮ʱǸūڴϲ֪ڶЩʲô߳Żŵؽ檵ſڣ֪ʱڶ޵жңʲôûǳǶȻŵġ
֪߳Ըٷѹȴû뵽־䶼أ⼸֮Ҳǲˡ
ǳźģͻȻתҶʱ꣬ʱıάŷ
ػϣǵġ
˵˵ô¡
Ҷʱһһ۸߳磬Ҳýŵ۾Ҷʱ֪ܻţ
ػϣΪҹĵڴСϷ˱ֱ˯ˣūһʱ͵ûмʱ𣬵СµʱϷˣҶʱֹסĴūСùӴԼȥȴǿ˵¡
ҶʱһµؿͷūŵĴū͵ûʰǿС£һĵ޹أ
޻̸֮漴ŭ⣬ȴûһֹ̧
ڶ
û뵽ϻҪӱ˵Щʲôȴϵֹ͢ڸϣ˻ϣ¶˴Ȱ΢Цֺֽޱϡ
һĻ߳翴ȴ޾ֻǵƲ۾Ҷʱ겻֪ΪΣһʹΣ嶯ȥס߳硣
ڶɼǵūţ
ָҶʱ꣬Ÿ͢ڣԲ۾գգ͵ؿҶʱͷ
㣿
һ˵Ŀⶼ˸͢ϣ˲ý߳ĶҲϸܵĺˮ
ʵһԺӶԣԺˣ͢ںֿ˿Ҷʱҡҡͷ
ûС
ڶЩżȴٴαֹˣٴʵ
ڶˣûд𣿡
͢ƺҲܵյĲŤҪ뿪
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ϵͷſ˸͢ڣһ̶ܵĸžҪߣ̧̧뿪Ҳʶʱûٴοֹ
͡ϻ̫࣬ȥĵ´Ͽľɻڡ
һ߳Ҷʱ˶һ۱㶼ͷȥڸĵĲƬͱˣżˢ˺СľСӳС⡣
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߳Ҷʱ˫˫˿ҹȷʵһʱ͵ûʰתĻᣬ֮Σûֱûʲôµˡ
ݶˣƽʱӣıֵ֮ıضǲеġ
Թɫ֪˶ھ巴ὫŭмٲҲֻõͷǡ
硣ת߳磬֮ǰΪƽʱæѵʱǵĿҵ̰ѧĿʦ翪ʼԴ񣬶ڻսºպս㣡
ϵˣŭҲʢܶˣ
ʱͻȻ˸֮߳䣬
־͹ֳ檰ɡۿͨ죬ģǿҲҪϤĽ̵ΪϽ̳һλܹǽѵĶ֮ţɳȴ⸱ģ˵׻ǳܣ
߳˿Ѷôؿŵϲ˵ôӣοӲҪѧЩ˷Ķ
ôһĶϲȻŭݺݽв豭߳磬ۿ˸߳ߣ˲÷飬Ҳ첻
ƽɢ״ǳ¶ˡĻӽһ£ū֣ϳȥʮȣϳ
һ߳Ļ͵һͷ
ʣҹǶӲ֣Ȱû븸죡
ҶʱҲ뿪ڣɵſڵϵĸ߳һ񣬱ֻǿͷ˵
߳׶ڻ϶ԣɱӺһѵһūŵɳ֮ΪٰҲӲˣϳҶʱ꽫ɡ
ūûڴϵĹӣߵܿĸģǱҪﲻʡ߳粻֪ǷתأֻܾһԣҲ˽ѵ󲻻ӣʺĸĺ
ÿÿ߳ĸı֮£ʧĸ¿꣬ϼȴ֮飬ΪһС̫飬ƽҲûʲôһ
ˣǱȥ˰ӣظϳˡ
лʶ䣡߳ϲǲΰлǷֵǼٴ򣬵ʹǼٴҲ࣬οҶʱ˳ʮҲѱҪ


9 
ϼҪֻںͻȻͷ߳˸ɫŰġ
С͸ŻϵḶ̌Իϵ˼ǿν͸͸ģ׻ҪҶʱһֵĸֳ߳ʲôӣʾġ
߳缴̱Ҫ޵㣬ֻҶʱ걻ǿ׳̫˳ȥпԣҲֻôʡ
߳ؿһ۵˿̵֥еĵ֮ɫ
߳˿кһƬհף߳ţ΢΢̧Ƶı̿գ˦ҪѺľ̫࣬ص޵͵ع˵š
ŵϻ߳緢һÿһȴžžĽһһϣڵһȴ˿Ϸĺϣʣһ˿Ҳ˵⣬߳еĹҲ֮ʧ
̱ڵϣڻһ˿ȣȴ䣬һǽңҲ뵥Ǵֱӽڻ÷
ˣ߳ҲűϵĸТҲδǽѡ
̧Žյĵţʮȣܾá
ʱһӰζٿش򿪣̫ཫϽڵתߣ
ɻã߳̽ʣдһ˿ԼԿƵĲ
ڵϵ̧ͷһ΢ЦϵЦȴ˲䱻ʹŤ
ٴ򡭡㲻ʲô²õġ
Ҷʱʮ֮˵֪߳ûڲƭ
ס˵Ÿ߳СĵüҶʱ꣬һȥҶʱ۵ú£ȴƲŸ߳ĲһһţѪ͸°ڵϻһѪۡ
ҶʱѾҪʹȥ߳ҪڴϣԲ˺ѷεʹˤ˴ߣ
ɡū࡭
߳籾ӲȥҶʱĿˣ̾һӴϱһ죬СĵҶʱ¡
ٰģΣȴҪˡ߳粻Ҷʱֹ·
ΪҩֻңԸǱʣһ𣿡
Ҷʱ꽫ͷֱۣղŰʹ飬ҧûڲ֪ģ߳˵˵ίۣ̲סʹ
ôˣ𣿡ޣ߳ΪԼˣæŻ˶˭֪Ҷʱ꾹޵ø
֪ġҶʱţһ뵽ūҪˣôĹֻʣһˣūľ۵ܲס
ūŲ޵ģղŰûޣɡūھ̲ס
߳˳ĬظܵԼĿʼѺۣ߳ʼǷ۹ΪĹ¶ʹޡ
ûСĸ׶ûУܵۺԥѡӱܣ˾ҹά壬Ϊŵ׵ȴһʧȥĸףżİ꺢ָԴ
ҪͦȥҪʣһˣ𣿡߳ϵĶԾظᡣ
زز
ãҶʱקűһǣŸ߳籿׾ȴСĵҩ˻ԡ
ֱ֮۸߳绹Ҷʱ궼ʱʱĻγҹ޹ʱ⣬Ҳòϣ˵ԵӦʼһʱһ̡
ҶʱջԺ󣬱㼫ѵʱ̣֪߳ʩȵ̫飬ҶʱȻͦס˸ա
´¶߳ûʲôֵԣкûһˣСǲ֪٣ÿֻſڵЩˣ䶼ģôһ͵ûٹ
߳˿û뷨ûʱȥޣ²չţֻоȻǰˣɿѾʼ˵Ҷʱ֪꣬˿ܲˡ
ǵ˰ţĪ˵Ҷʱ꣬Ҳ̫ҽǰߵſڣŷƣԺͷȴûһ׵ġ
¹
ͻȻʲô˴к߳˲ɴ˫վſϣ
ѽڣҼҵ²¸ĵЩ㷹ˡ
⡭ԥţȴû
ֻ˵Ҫ㣬ȴδ˵֮̽ʣû׿Ͷ
߳˺ſˣһλʳе̫Ż谵¶΢΢֮ɫȴȷʳ
ĵ¡˵Žʳеϣռĵ²ǰв̱ūЩʳ
л֡߳ӹʳУɬһЦѵûҡ
±š谵ķݣ̲סʵΪβƣ
Ҳûʲô£α˷ѵ̲߳͡סͷ۴Ǳߣת˴񣬡¹һæ
ŵøϽ߳磬ĵɷūˡ
߳署ȥ˿һϢҶʱ֪꣬״ʮֽȴҲΪѵľأ
ĵ£ūǿţοǻ͵ūҲΪ
߳뵽Ľ֣ȴʧ¹ȥ֣ܰһѣ̫ҽǰֻҪЩҩС
ͷūűؾһԡ
¹ɣΪǡЩˣ̽ͷߴٵ
߳罫͵ſڣۿҪҪȥָϽס
¹ɷܴЩ
˶٣΢΢ͷºϣʣµıֻ޾ĵȴ߳ͷŻķˣƵϣƵĵƻһͬʱҲҶʱյѵ촽糺˫ա
߳ιЩˮִӷЩõĸҶʱԣǿǿǽЩʳ˿ԼҲһ⣬˿˿ζǻҲůЩƵġ
߳û뵽˱֮ʣһԣٵĴȴԸǰ֮̽ʵһůȽҪõöࡣ
ͬʱػеƻԻͣｻһɻЦ˵Ǽ磬ʮλټϻӹǣйǶѹˣν֡
ѹ룬΢Ҳû˸տʼľнžƱĴ̸ҲббؿţʱʱЦ
˲ע˴Ӹ߳߶һ󣬸߳漴¶ɫİ֮΢΢üߵ˸߳ߣ
£ǲʲô鷳¡
ǵҲǲǡ߳˵ԭί֮ЩգҪĵ²˵һ˵һ̫Ҳֵܡ
ĵѴҲҿΪһūҩ˵ţ߳ת񣬡ҼǵСⷿЩȥɣܵʣµľͿ컯ˡ
ȥ죬֮˵Щʲô߳ѶҡҡͷٶԣɾʱȴһӣмӸʵĸߺ
Ҫң콫ס
ֻϾƱһأһ澹ڵϲסؿͷ
£ūֻЩʪСĽƱˣı֮ģ
ôһ֣ڸ辡Ъ˶ͣŸʣһʲôʲô


10 
ʶɸϽסߵڸʲô˵ˣ
ĸҪҰָŮһǸ߳ģ
ˣ
һֱû˵ĻͻȻŭȣŵùڵϲղŻƽĹֻʴصĺǹ̵ĳ
ɴ˿ŵûˣԴǴײͷͲ֪ıжɣŭ꣬˵֪ԭ򣬿ôһԲ֮ҹڶǰ˻ʼ棬ǲġ
ϣʶ˴ҵ£ֲɷüͣкת٣üղˣūʹʲôйʶ
ԩ˵ŵǻ겻壬ɸ
᲻֪ʵĲ飬˵ʵҪסֻɫɭ䣬ͳ
ʶлعЪϢɣŮϳȥϸϸʣ
Ůʱ˫ۣ޺㱻˳ȥʵ˿̸Ҳѻָһ뵽ղԼΪң˿̻Ļ粵һ뿪ɸһߣҿ˿Ҳһͬ뿪˴
һ־˵ά浫ĿνǰתǧʲôУֻܹ֮ռ˴ƵϾͻᴫ鳯Ұ
ĻȾ֣˱ں׷ȥҺĽ͢ڱһ߶˼㽫£ͼСߴαŻϵҪ
ɫĻϼɫ䱧
ʲ
˵ţ͢ڻཱུС׻ϵգ̸ˣЦ۽ǵƶ
ʼڶ㲻ˡ˵ŻϿɫοݶ̳ĺӣʶ廹´ݲţ޵ķ緶
С֣ʥȡֿ˻һ˫ͬˮӾô۰Ͱ͵ĿŻϣڶôʥϣ͡
ϹһЦŸ͢վ̸ߴ
ڼݾ
һҹ̸Ʈ㣬ȴǼһϲҳ
ƫ߳罫һѹҶʱ£ͽ컻ѱˮ͸ĵӣһеĸ߳΢΢ſһСǣ񾹽Ҳˡ
ͬΪӣ߳ǻϵ̫ʱִ࣬ʵ߳Ӵ࣬˵Ǽس߳סĳƵһֵۣͷȥ֪Щʲô
ҶʱʱʱطһЩʶֻһڼıѣһֵ˳ȵĻߣ˫ȴǲܣֻлججԼԼѾˣվǹ˵µһġ
ֻôһֱԼͣҪ˰ɣУ˵ҪлתǲҲˡ
ҶʱķغŲҪȴֿǱһ죬һɼζУֿƷһ£ˣôһɹ
Ҷʱһһ˫۾ͻһȻǰǸ߳࣬һַգһһӴǵʲô
𻨡ǣ
Ҷʱ˫ۣ߳һϲЩôⶼֻۣＴʹҲǻģ߳һԼ߶߶
ô˵ζ𣿡˵ԼҲһ¿ӣȻҰͣҲͽֱӰķ֮УӦòɡ
¡
һ޵ĺϸƷĸ߳סˣӿ˫ŵ˫ۣ
ڽ𣿡
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ûǶ侲ʱ֮࣬ձر
Ҷʱ֪Ǵ治֮ԣȴ˵ͷ˸Źâ
ūûʲô£ֻԸµһʯ
ˣ˵˽ֽ߳ȥýһȡһÿһ£׹߳粻ΪؽһѾʼ֮Уȴ⿪ʼڣĪ˵߳磬ҶʱҲſ͡
߳粢δţֻǶûжķҶʱһֳˣ·ʳе˳ȥ
͸Ҳͽȳţ
ſӹɫ糣ڵżرյһ˲䣬Աһ̫ӹѸٴ˸Ӳ鿴ڵߣٿ
£ǵ𣿡ЩҶʱҲָһЩ侲ĸ߳磬ҲٻţΪҪϾɱ
߳ҡҡͷһסھУҲѲ˸ϵ
ֻ˭Ҷʱֹأ
ǲкܶʡ߳ҲڵϣŴߣĿȴǸڵϣ
游ٰݶԺʷ˲ٹҿ꣬ȻһȺ游Ѳ飬һѾõĵؽв˾޶Ʋͨеż
Ҷʱ˫Ŀ΢΢󣬿еĸ߳û˵š
ߣ游ҲΪܿϴȥԩڳΪٶ꣬ѧΪԩⷴ˸ʣΪڶࡣ߳ͻȻЦһ£͵͵Цг˿ɬ
游İһ࣬Խ֤ݱԽ࣬󾹳˱޿ɱ֤ҹ˼һٶˣ˼ͯԱΪūȫնڳ֮ϡ
˵ȫǵİնΧʹҹ˼ͨѹͼıϵѪϴˢգѪɢ
ĸ˵Ϊɹ游ӲηȥĿ
ǡҶʱЩԥʵµʱΣûܵǣ
߳ҡҡͷδĸױʹñԾڹ֮ϡ
Ҷʱ꾪˵ֻ۵ˮ
ֿʲôû뵽Ҿ˸ް߳絹Цˣѹȥô꣬͵ˡ
Ҷʱ壬߳ӣ
ܵ𣬵ʵ游Уǲеˣ
߳û뵽ô뵽㣬
ͲȴĴ
ҶʱǲϵظľϲΪʲôõġ
ⶾҶʱĿҲתǸ룬뵽˸ˤµһĻǲū˵£
һͷˣ¶ѡ
£ūһӽز¶ʲôҶʱѣԭԼΪǵάΪвµΣգ
˵콫˹Ҳ˵ıضǵ¡
һٴȷʵûɵˡ߳٩ţǵ÷ңʳ֮ȱĲǴˣǴ֮ˣɶ
Ҷʱͷݵʮƣ˵õĻ䲻ȴɵֲס⣬ٴγ˯ȥ


11 
Уɫ뵡һģĸ̫֣꣬¶ɫ
Ψδԣ
ǣ˵̫ȡ
ü˼ٳδ˵̫׼ƣ
ūٻһ
ɣüͷڰ֣˵׼ˣ˼Ʋá
֣ùūűȥɾˡ
ˤûֱӵ֤Ǹ߳Ϊͽ㵽ͷϣ˼һ۰Լľ˾ҲΪ䵽ߣȴǰգĸҲһ
һ˺ҲԼӺ⸱ģԭƽĵƻͻȻ俪ʼ˸ϸžɷߺ޵ӳŤյıָ׶ۣ·ûиоһ㣬
Ϊ˾ûҪΪҾ˾ˣΪʶۡ
µʮ죬δʲô⣬ҶʱҲһһۼĺؼգѵסʢĺȴٳٲ
ЩʵǾŵģۼĹǶѻ£ȻǾûǼڡ
Ҷʱ귭˷ӣȥȻǴˣҶʱ˼ܲٽе·ģÿﶼǶ׼ģԼȥ빤ƣûǡ
·Ҷʱ궳ֱ£һ·Сŵ빤֣ƣ䲻ȴһƬžŮĪæͷ̧ΪĹǸŶ¡
Ҷʱһ̫ע⣬üͷָ̧
ĸģ࣬ߡ
ãҶʱϽǰ񣬡ūǾģЩյ
̫ཫ´һȥˣððģٲ߾Ͳˡ
ūĵ¹ġҶʱЦڶ࣬빫ūſǲ©ˡ
̫һתбԼ·ǰͷһһԹģǾΪ֮ĵµ¹˽֪ûٶˣֱȻ빤
⾰е·˵ģСūŵĵ˵Щ¼ɣĵµġ̫Ҳ߶ΪѣӦֻµľ¿ˡ
ҶʱЦݽüңû취𣿡
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Ҷʱһתūż¡ү
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ܿ죬뿵Ӱʧ˾ͷҶʱ껺ֻͷۿһ˵ĳתＲص˾
Ÿ߳磬ԸûõҶʱͨһ
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ʲôýģȶǿתȴ䣬Ҷʱ꿴ıӰƺظо˸߳ı仯˵ʲôȴʲôû˵
ȥĻ
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ղŴĺܺãʾֽòᡣ
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ȥάüƬ̺ԥ˵
ھ䲻õշд֮׽ġ
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˵Ҳ޵άƬ̣ҪСġ
߳άţҶʱͷʧ䣬ԭΪѾֻźţ֪޲ˣȴû˼ȴһ˿ҲûԼ͸¶
ԼΪԼ̫ûã¸ûԼ飬Ҷʱֽ߬һȭͷԼվڵ߳Ϊұۣܾá
Ҷʱ̧ͷٸƺкܶ໰Ҫ붬̿ޱ˼ζûϣʱȥϧн˾һߣ߳ȥ
Ļϧн˾Ҷʱ·ԽԽѧ֮ϣ´𲻳ٸʡ
ʡԨпǼЦô̶˵Ҷʱǵ¹Ϊ֮ǲûסͬΪҲͰˣʲôݣʲôʸЦ£
ҶʱĹĵؽ԰볭ȥɸ̤԰ͻһ
߳һ֪ģЦ


12 
ǿ㣡
ҶʱʱѪӿ˺üſס˳ȥĳ嶯
ǣҶȡʰ˵ͬΪӶҾöˡ
Ȼ֮𡣡ҿͻȻѹպǵλ󡣡
ȻҲպ󶨲Ź
Ҷʱźһﲻͻͻţһ˲䲻УͻȻԻ֮ĹϵЩ¶ʶ
룬ǱһС̫һ·Сܹ
£ھ͹ȥ
ոѧĸߴ٣ȤԵʮֲ鲻ԸʳιɣȻȥ
ǣ¡
һŲԶ룬Ҷʱʲô̽ͷȥֻһڳرʯ϶㣬ԭ·뿪ɸַ˻ű߿ſıӰ
һʱŻɿ˶Ե³ЦҶʱνǺ֮ǣټϸղһ˵ĶԻŭգԽԽ
ʹһ㣬ҶʱӴдɽʯŵƵ˾࿵㲻׵ĵط
Ҷʱʯͷ棬һƬңԼҲ˵ΪҪ͵͵ȴһʲô
˿ʯͷϣ˫ڳϵʮ⣬еʳȤؿڽʳۼʳף㽫ǰ̽ȥճĵʳĴȥɾ΢΢վһ˲䣬һǿĳϮ
۾Ȼɴ岻ܿƵصУֻûһڱ˲Ǻ˱ĳˮ

ҵĴţþһ۾ĵطԿһˣ޴ˮջˣ˻æʩȣûע⵽һССӰڰ͵ţת롣
үˮˣһֱԲѣ¶ܿ촫ʳǣ鿵Ҳҹ˹ڶ˽㣬㱻̫ҽԺԱߵߢС
˿̣ƫһƬû̿ůҲû㣬߳Ŷʱһ뵽Ҷʱһ㲻ܱỽһƬȴӦ
߳绺˵ڣȼϵܣֻʵʹƺһ棬ü߹ȥ
ʵĸǣҶʱܾһ͵תǸ߳ŷ˽䱸һ˫۾г˾֮⣬ø߳һҶʱļ
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Ҷʱҡҡͷẓ̌߳翴Ĳԣſ˫֣
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˵ûҲͲһˡ߳ԵʮֵǱҲýһˮ
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䵱׳꣬ڳҲжʮ꣬ӾΪʺжȣΡ
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δκ춯㣬Ȼʮοιֻ£ιϻѷɫЩ
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ڱ߹¹ͶҪ͵ģϾ͵Ƚ̧Ϊλɡ
ϲδ𸴣̫ЩȴɵԷֻЩ
ֺ»ʵԼɣ̫֮»ӳ顣
ǡк޲ˣ̫ȴ˼˽̵Ը˼䣬£һжûһ㣬ֻû֪ƽ֮½Ĳ
ڽ֮ϳͼӽ˼ǰ
ϣ˵Ҫ£
һףת򾰻ʹ˸ɫβһС̫תӣһ·򾰻ȥ
ϼ˵Ƿʩ㣬ױǡôñЩõĻá
ݶŻк£
ϡɶؾصһߣǰŻӲҪһߣǵ٩ƵıԹʵܵý
˵ºʮֵǣ˾󡣡ɫ
һʲʵϡ
˾ô˵
˵չ󣬷̫ͻȻֱϹȸϷ޽Աâڸǡ
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һģٿ𣬻ְ
֮˵Ҳȫš
лϱӻȻ£͢С檾Ҳ꼰
΢΢üȴʱ⹬
ϡĵ
߳ͻö˶Щ⣬Ͽ۵



13 
߳һ˽ɫԵЩ԰ף֮Զڻ˵ƽ֮ȴɲ
ձĸģҲڴˣǶһ˰ɡ
ϿŹǰĸ߳磬òֳֻ࣬ǱԵøһЩ
ʲô˵
½ʺĸͻǹ˵ɡ
㲡ˣһٿһۻϵôҲûĸ˵̫ҽ𣿡
ǶĸĹֻòãߵҪӰ죬Ҫ
ʲôͳ
롭һӦЩοȡ֪߳⾲ɶǹнɣɫؿ϶ˣɫȻĸ׶ѿ
˿ʮֹû˵ձþ׶Σ˶ѹźȴϷ
ĬãϲŸֿڣ
ס
һָ΢һֱЩø߳һȴû뵽ԼҪߣǡ˻ڴˣҲʡ˸ŵ
ţԴȥˣлһֱţȥҲ˷˵ط߳ûղƵģһ
δ䣬б̲סͣ⺩ǰȥⱲǶʥˣԼҲܷЩ
ȥȥɣɫ£߳ԵʮֻϲŸˣߵſڱ˵
⺢ӾҲų檣ôĿͷ·ˮƯʵںġ
ĸһġԵ˾಻Ҳ˵ˣ˹ǡ
Ļ߳ţһԶǸڳ֮ʱů紺Ĺһ󣬴ʱЩĴʹõҪĽеȴ
߳ͷһۣȻعͷȥ첽ܻԼƫ̤ԺоͿűһţ˱¶˷ĵЦݣ
ɸûܼͱ̨װ˸ģ߳һϽȥȴб˼վס˼ЦţϷһΡ
ȻһůжϪů֫ٺԭ˵Լĸоů߳һЦ
ʰʰǰߡ
˳𣿡Ҷʱʮ־ϲūȥ
ͶһʰţΪûʲôû뵽ҲҲʰ˺ü߳米һҶʱȥ
²ض֣ūŶܼ˱ˡ
ɫˣл˴Զһ˾ܵҲ᲻ġ
ҲɣҶʱѵõ棬ūžᵽҲԶ֡
߳Цҡҡͷ
㵽ʱɱۡ
˵˵ЦЦȥɻδ̤ƫţЦݱϣֻһ̫һŮ첽Ÿ߳˱
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µһǰȥûӦصָūǸȥźš
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Ҷʱ꿴۸߳磬Цݹϣ
ĹáָָſڷŵһѰͷλȥˡ
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ôʹ𣿡߳ɫæһæȥڰˣǵӰ߳Ϸʵ
Ҳָʹˡ
ҲŲ̫áҶʱٺһЦȻҲŵΪūų
ˡ
еһɨգҲǱһС⣬ֱлȥȻ߳ԣлԶúܣҶʱһ·ҧű˵طѾõĹЩȴûưܡ
Ʋס⣬ס˶һ˿ů⣬ǰľɫ֮ԵøΪɪϵһ룬ͬ裬ȴû˸̤˵ء
߳ǵԼ󲻾ãбֹĴţĪ˵лΧĹﶼ˸ߣԼ͵͵ͼһлĬĬڵпĹ꣬ɵʱѴס̨϶һҹʵķʲôҲûѰ
߳ЩƿѾסĴţǰԺҶнôĸ׵ذֻѰ¡
Ҳһ羰ͥУеġƵġȵﲻж֣ıж졣
ĸȥͻȻһŭ֮¼̷˳лһͬһ㣬߳翴ɳĹһ統Ǹȵĵӻԭء
߳ͻȻסһ㣬۵üƺʱԼֵزڵĸҵ˫ȣţؽˣһ֮һһԣֻܵ۾ʧؿһŵĹǣҲ޲ˡ
Ҷʱеطָ߳ЩԾ䲻֪ΪʲôҲܲͻ֮¡
°ߵ߳ߣס΢֣ҶʱЩûеĸ߳عȹ񣬷סҶʱ֣
ĸ׾Ծס𣿡
Ҷʱ𾪵ؿ߳磬ۣοĻҲ֪Ӻ˵ֻҡҡͷ
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ˣʰЪŵĵطûˡ
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⵽ǵźĹŮҲЩ棬б޵ſڣ
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СȥˮȥɨҶʱ걾Ȳһø߳Ϣţȴڰ֣
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ɫЩ԰ף˿棬ӰӰ´¼ܾиƵģֱ飬ʵ̲סˣĴյСߵ
˵ɾûġ
û˵꣬Сһ̵ס죬
ôᵽǸ֣Щʲô𣡡
ŵõɴ˫ۣСӽַ£ؿڴŵ
ѽˣô죬ҿɲ˯
취߰ɡ
Ҷʱ꿴һֹ˼ƽϣҲԸ⿴ˣߵǸǰ
λǲûۿûطסҪȻȥ
СӶѹϲɫⲻȻ
ǵ»ź򡣡
㲻õģ
ȻƴǣҲƵıʧ˹ﾡͷҶʱؽŹϣת˵ĵطʱ߳Ҳӵгûгʱı룬˾ôţҶʱоһ˿ҵĸо
ԭֻҪ֮ˣʹԫҲ˾


14 
ҹίˡҶʱźŸ߳ϴֽ̺ãʰһҲֻʰ޳˯ĵط
߳ǣ±ӣҶʱ̻ЦˣȥЬȥطԺȫǣССҸ˵ţһûһţҶʱ̲סʵ
£Ϊ˾ҹ˻
ͻȻһͣҶʱ꼴̷𣬹ԭأūŲʡ
ȥºҪҲΣա߳ʱȻ㡣
šҶʱͷ£ۿҪˣհﻹҪЩ湤ūȥѶðˡ
ȥٸ֧߳ӴϨ򣬡˯ɡ
Ҷʱı۾Ŵʵķ֪Ϊк޾⣬ܿ˳˯֮С
֦ζڴӳ¶Ӱӣ߳ٴλص˯⣬Ӱ˼ȴͻȻһѰϤϤĶ
Ըо棬ƺ̽ͷ̽Եڿӣ߳۾ȴ͵͵̽£סһذס
Ȼȴת뿪ˣĿƺǣôһ߳ܰ˯һֱ赽շǰף΢΢ԱȻ˯Ҷʱ겻ЩΣȻʲô֪˲ġ
СӺ⻹ڿ죬һˣҶʱ궣Ǽɨ׼ȥð춫
Ҫһ𣿡
ȥɡ߳ӻ֣ҵȥĻ
߳˼ҹ֮»ǱĺãҶʱϾСЩЩסԼڵѰң͵˵ʲô
ôػգлĲˣСӺҲûнٻؾȥס˶һֱη壬ҪȥƫסţҲø߳徲
Ҷʱ꽫̿ȼЩů⣬
̿࣬ʡŵҲܹˣżǱߵ˵ССϯʮೡ
ҲأȻȥ߳Գţȥˣǵ顣
ꡣҶʱ굹Ǹˣ£ūŽһ£㲻ˣ˵¶´̼ܴĲˡ
Ŷ߳üβ𣿡
ҲûУֻԺԼǲˡҶʱ˵ϴ棬ǲù
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ĸһԹ֤ǴΪҲʮа˾ţ϶ҪǨŭҡ߳ͻȻڵҶʱߵ
ֻҶʱ۾صɴӱýֱͷ
ţūס
תۼϦĪŵƽʮ֣ټĳУЦڶջϲͬ꣬صذ´磬Լ׹⣬ƷϹԱҲЯҾǰ硣
ƽڳ϶ֻҴǣѵдηɳʱｻȵʹ첻ѣҲѰ强ʱʱЦ
˵ֵĳڹпνδţһ̫Ҳ糺죬˼轥ЪδڵĻͻȻվֻǸղҲ˲٣ЩҡΣͼ״æǰţ
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ʵۣ̫Ҳסˣû뵽ϾȻûֱ˴ͻּ⣬ӻεȴ£˲ּ
״ǰµּʣʵۿ滹ŵĶˣ˻ּл𣿡
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ƺûܵʲôӰ죬źι㣬δϯ˫ĿͨصŸ߳Уβסķߺޡ
ոյ÷ЩԥϸҴ뿪ȥķȴ̫ٹ
ĸ̫Ҳ˲Щȵڣôһ°
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ӵĻùи˾æˣ˵̫ʱķƼ޸ģҲǷ˹ȥõķ£ʵò˵ľ͸Ͻơ
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£̫ҽˡ
ҶʱһΪ̫ҽ˸߳ĳ˼ղŵ飬һģ
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̫ҽֻ֣жʮһ꣬ΪȴЩŰ壬˰
ԭñ㲻أѴá
ôˣ߳һץ˹ֵһֻ֣ĥ˼ݣ
æֳ͵¹ģ⼸ҩĥġ
ҩ߳漴Ҷʱʹ˸ɫⲻ̫ǵĻƣһ̫ҽ
ǳЩҲӦõġֲȻһЦˣһҩԭأǰ˼ֻҶʱһƿҩҳֵ̧ݸ
̫ҽ˷ϡ
æӹڱǰţֻζ˰죬
ֻǴҩ󣬳ĿԴߣ
߳ЦĸչˣУ˵Ĳ٣𴦣Ҳûʲô͵ģҩȥðɡ
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Ȼǵ£ͶҲ͵Ŀ
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ҿԲպҲá
¿ˣ϶׼ġ
ѧˡ߳ʧЦһС۴Сİȥȡ


15 
һʮİֻоƿüĿׯϻͨΨоƿе֦ʱ̵Ĵɫ񹤾տһǷƷ
߳ӹĦһЩҳϸ
߰ɡ
Ҷʱһ·ߵһǰܵƫòʱûҶʱЩɻ󣬵ܿҲ˲ԣֻſڵĻҳ֮мöӡСӦǵµģԱԲĺۼƺҪʲô
ԭǲ𣿡
Ͷ˽ȥƬ̱ˣ
ҵȺϷɡ
ʵ¡ҶʱЩĿڣĵģʶһλһΣѱ˵£ūһֻǲ֪ɲС
ɵЩСϷѲ͸߳Ȥʲô⣿
Ҷʱż⣬߳΢΢ߴһȵĴУ
ūȱš
߳Ȼεͷ
Դ춼ЩʲôֻһţȻڵľǱġ
֮𣿡Ҷʱһ˫Ӿ治ĻȻ˵˿ڣ
ֻҪ룬ūűԸȥκ£ЩҵˣūԸһΪɨ塣
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ңߵĽһе·
ߵ·ūҪߵ·
һɲ߳ļһһ˵ʲôƺǸжݣһסҶʱ֣΢
ãһߡ
תȥνԶʹǰֻδ֪ļ裬ʹֻʣĿ꣬η塣
ԪѽڣʳӴ顣
ִ٣ɸеһ٣ͬӳɻ뿪ʹ߳мδδ踮ۡסԭĳɻ빬˶̫˭Ҳд١
ʳǸԹϲƣлſڵҲƾϲҶʱؿţ
⹬еϲƹȻƯǽ˿ģϼūҲȢףֽĺ
벻ȥ֣
ҶʱͷҡͷǲҪˣ˿鷳
˵̻𣬵ʱȥ߳գգۣȥ԰
Ҷʱ۾һ˵ͷ
ʳǴֵϣҹƺֻ԰˿̸ϾǰȻӰ
ֻ߳ԾɽʯתҶʱؼζٴλص˳μǸССɽ
֣оСЩҶʱѵŤӣ߳һǲ¡
Сˡ߳̿ôùȥˣԼ˲֪𣿡
Ҷʱһ漴ݸֹūųˣ¸
˲翴ԶǸƻͨĵط佫ҹ
˵ʱ򲻸˵Ļǽʸ֮ġ߳ͻȻҶʱգ۾
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ǣҲǡ߳Ҷʱ֧ͣ߶ΪĳΪ٣ԭҲЩģ⸱ģԭ֧Ҳ֦
Ȼмӵǻǣ̫ǸĸҲ佫ǵ
ūˣΪһжҶʱԴ˰죬ǻݷĺã벶ȸںôõ𣿡
߳ͷֻЩ֣ʼȿش磬Ϊλżؽ˼⣬п϶ԭ򡣡
ҶʱˣȻ߳粢ûָܴԼĳ˼ͻȻһ죬һԵֱƬ֮һ̻ϼ䣬ڿը죬˷̻ڿնϣҹ˲ҫۣȴת˲꼻һ֡
ģԭ̻ūŻΪһһЩ̡
˵Ҷʱ꣬߳Ҳôסõ̻ʹڹҲټ˵ſŵĻһһĿתϧѤǶݣһ̻ȫϨһйƽƽЩ㱣ͺոմоһ
ͽ𡭡ҶʱЩᣬֶſ˰죬ֱǱߵĵƻ𽥽̾˿˼
žԵú䡣
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µĹǺ˾ҹѧ𣿡ҶʱЩ档
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ϣūԱ߻ķϵƫзһ÷ֽŵıڳԱ߻ɢңʮֲףūǲԴ򿪣ϿɷҪһۣ
Ŀһ˿⣬죬ȴҶʱز׽ֻܿĿ⣬Ͼ֡
ϲδϴ𻰣ȿ۸߳磬ֻԭںɫýƫ£ָϽջأŽżⲻ
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һ˴ӵŻϺƫ߳Ҷʱ͵͵һ۱ҴҸϣʱԵЩȲм˻ǰ棬ƺԼӦǳģ
ƫǰͻȻͣ˽ŲǰĹǿҶأ©粻ǰģ
վãʮָпȴһԲֱСػϣηѰع˵ڡ
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͹Ҫ


16 
߳Ȼ£סؿͷĶԵʮ־̣
󸸻ʲҪ򿪣桭뿴Ķ
ɵһ˿ɻ󣬷·߳ķӦƵģǳ;򿪣˿Щԥˣ˫ֽӣԵЩ
Ȼûģһͼ̴˱ڳĹţŵķֽҲӦϡ
һƬڣ˶һȻһׯϱİ
ôᣡɾʮ־ȵ죬߳˫΢ͷˮƻۿԽֽͣڵĹȡλڻУ
ĸסǰÿնҪǰоΪʣΪ߳д˻ƣ֪ʲϲڶԴʤ䱦
߳ͻȻ̧ͷֱŻϣ˫ž˼һ˿ߣ
֪˼޿ˡɾԸʺĴδйı䣬Դм֮ʱǰΪоһƬĶڴ֮У֪ޱ޷ֵܰøʸˣҲѧžɽڴ˴ֻǡֻǡ
֧֧߳ᣬһ
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ʲôҶʱ㶵ʵ
߾ϻˡ


17 
߾ϣʮΪϽľ˾Ѧ̣һѦɳأڶԼһƳ͵Ϯ˵оܸһºպս
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Ӽѳɻ飬ҲʱΪһԵˡ
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ҲЩŵ׹ڶڱ
˵ǾĴ治֪ǿ˵֮أ˭õһ涼˼ѵĻӣԼľӣһڲ׳֮У


18 
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治ɣҲūТġҶʱ꽫׹˫ַϣۿһЦ˻
л˵
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19 
˶Ҷʱһֱ¾סţҲʮֻֿǵʮգϢ橶
ҿ˿棬ŹϣЦǺǵش֣ģʮԥؿڣ

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20 
һﶼֵģѵӺ߶ĹŮ̫Ƕȥ磬˵˸Уһġ
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21 
ҹǾڵҶʱ̫༷һڣ˲ܽҲһˡ
عһ磬ڵĴһźӷмôϱ˯е˴˸սоѡ
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22 
ڸ߾˵Ҳͷһ߶ˣСʱԣһȮ߶󲻾ñһ
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ǱȥģҲ̾˿ձߴ˶ñ㱻˻ôס
ūһߣūšҲݱġҶʱĲ֮ԱŶӲձҪԶУҲۿȻҲٲϸϸĶ
˭Ҳû뵽ǣշǰصĸ߾ϣľ֮֮սĴñ׼гǰء
Ÿ߾ϣҶʱҲս֮ϣȴûϵ֮죬мְϲսбûأͤҲʱڷصү﷽öࡣ
˴γǸ߾ϵһζټǴӾǳȻǴ󣬾ҶʱķҲƷ޽ͨС̫࣬˴ӰƷ̫࣬Ϊ˸߾ھе̴ӡ
ҶʱΪĵģֱ˿֮һĻмžҽԱؿһˣ̫ҽ֡
˿˴ˣжЩȣ΢΢һЦδ֪֮һ֮ңǱһ¡
ֻ΢΢ףҶʱŸ߾Ͻ漴̡
ӾǳֻлʼҽǽպִĉBӻϣһҪչء
ƽʼҳеĳʣΪ˼νܼĶԵЩᡣ
ӲľΣ߾΢΢üͷսܹˣʱϵٲҪЩ
Ҷʱ꿴ȥ󲿷ĵطҳһȻϸصϣ
롣
߾Щȣδĸͣعһֱŵģû뵽С̫ྐྵ˳ȥȻ˲٣
Ʋģ˼ȴϸ
Ǽ꣬ūżʱʱ䣬ЩˡҶʱϲūҲŴϻá
߾䲻˵еЩң⵹ĸѵһ˳£С̫֮ǰźĶҪġ
ھǾڻٶȣֱ˾оٶȱԽԽ죬ʱһ죬ҶʱľҹԼյıϮɫ԰ײѣβŻ¡
һֱҧţǰܺźŸ߾ϣһԼȥּн˰գҶʱֻöиţֻҧס´סⷭĶģ߾ϿһۣԸ
ͣ
ͣ߾ϸҶʱæŻ²ֹмЦ
˾͸ǶƵģų˽飬Ǹһ˰ɡ
㿴⸱ģ²ǵµʲôɣ
˻࿴ţЦͬ³ϢĹɫҲãüͷسЩҩһˮҶʱȥ
ô
Ҷʱǹ֣ǿһЦݣ
ūҲû뵽ܡ
˳˳ҩֲڹʲôūŲūŵģѽ㵱ѡ
лл̫ҽҶʱǸмȴܸ֪ʵΡ
ʲôƿţʱһűЩ
̫ҽҶʱͻȻץ䣬ʲô滺ʹҩǽūЩֹ֮ʹð֮
Ƕ𣿡Ҷʱͷ˵
ʱ̫̣㽫֢״˵˵´θ
˵ռϵĺҶʱָϽȥȴûע⵽ѾϵͤĿʼϣ֪Щʲô


23 
ֱպ󵽴ˉBǣ߾Ϻ͸λǰȥæ֮£̲ǰȥŵϢա
վĴϣҶʱֻתɢ˼Ƶģ䲻ʣȴͣ߾ܴսΪ̴˱ҪֱȥأһԶ빬ĵطҪúðţҶʱصشϢ˼£ҧ
յıø߾ͬʮƣΪ˧Ȼ¶ƣ⣬ˉBǱһҲУѲʣʦϵĸҹʱֲŻصʡ
Bǵˮɱʱڣڸ߾˵ϰļ࣬̿𣬹Ƥ˯ˡ
ɽʣڵůһĸؿһСӰһˮͰŬϾš
ҶʱžΣѱ麹͸ҵشϢţʵûˣͰЪƬ̣ʱˮͰͻȻһ˫ֳߣֻûһͰˮԡͰС
ȵƣҶʱЩٶۣһŷӦæ£
¡
߾ˮ£
ֲ֪Һʱ׼˸պá
ūһֱˮԡͰеˮ˾ҨЩˮȥ
˵ƺף߾ػŪ˺üʱһѲ԰׵ûѪɫ
ūźԡɡ
߾ԡͰȵˮ˲ʹѵ壬ס̾ˣڵ磽Ĳʡ
˿ǰС̫࣬۵˫۶Щ£ȴվľϣذϴţ߾Ҳ۾һʱķɡ
ϴֵ䣬ͣһ£ٲȥ㲻ƸղǰСأ»Ƶģ
ǲǸˡ
߾ϲ˵ȴȻ
˵ʱǺۡ
߾Щ٣˺ƺѾ벻жۣ˵оĵǶҲҶ˿䳤ȴûҪ
Լǵõʱ˽ڵſЦĻӿܻȥƫʹĲҧˣҲûһᡣ
˶Ŀ࿴ȴδʹ˿۲ۣ߾ϲЦ
ҲЩûūţŮƵᡣ
ϴ΢΢һ٣ֻּСĵضԴһ˰̣ȴٳƽһġ
ı֮£ϴˮ裬߾ϸоΪˬҶʱججؽʰˣĻֻ˵һ룬˱㵹˯ȥˡ
߾Ͽһۣһ̺˦˹ȥӣҲ˯ȥ
ڶգҶʱоѵģ͵̺ӴӼϻЩ£ٿ⣬߾Ѳڡ
Լ˯𴲵ľ඼δһ̧ͷȴϷСҶʱͷԼһ̫ƣھӪȷʵס
ҪӪǰȥչأ³ʣӪʶѲҶʱ߳ʱæµСǷ׷פ㣬Լͬؿ
ͱСֱͬ˿ЩӪиûкһϣӺͿȶ˺ü㣬͵·Сһ㣬ԵЩЦ
ܵ˼Ŀ⣬ҶʱطһĨ糺죬ĵ㣬ڿĵط롣
Щʼ˵һЩҶʱ޴룬ص֮Уȴˣ
·Ҳ̫ЩмӺߣɡ
Ҷʱмѣ䲻̫Щƣһ·ôôɿ壬ҲܿùȥˣҾִҴһصʣ߾ȻԱ߸ŵͤ
Ҷʱæɸ߾ϴһӣ
ډBǣظȥչء
Ҷʱһ
£ūŸŰɣﲻʣūŻܸ磽¡
߾ϱֻһ̣ȥսҲûʲôã仰ƫƫôӡ
һ·Ϯ࣬ʹ֮ʱܼʱΪ⣬ΪЩ¶ģҲһǴ
ˣ͸Űɡ߾ϱνڴӦˡ
Ҷʱ˿ظ߾ϷԸǰȥʰƷ
ͤһۣȻĿת߾ϣ
չأҲس棬ֻ򼴿̡
߾ϵͷһЩӿܣΪ壬α߳ϱѹ˲׽Ȼ㳤˼ԡ
Զһ档ͤʱʱ߾æµӰ΢΢ͷǲĶƺǵ̸
Ǵڹм棬ɨĴʹƣת۾˸߾ߵ̣ӵС̫࣬Ͷ¶ʮΣͤɵʮ⡣
ǣźĵ¡
ƺǸܵʲôҶʱߵøԶЩȴʼûתͷרĵؽƷʰ룬Ȼк۵Сһһߡ
ƺǷͤע⣬߾ϵЦЦ
ūĸģŵ㶮³ġ
¿ɷ
ĸĵףڸ߳źǸɾŸ߳ʱ򾭳ŰҲǹ˾֪ˡ
ͤͷϿκβ
£ʱӪ
ӉBǵչأʵֻж̶̰յ·̣ȴӻЩ̻ĳ򣬵һĿĸڣȻƵӳԶ˲׽ϣЩĿĹߣǱߣ
˲׽֮δˮƱڣ˵Ǵֻ·Ҳᱻˮʪ˳򣬿ƫƫչһαüΪƽһŮķڸϣᣬҲһΣƵƵͻƿڡ
վڳǽϵҶʱ걻ǰľɫˣķδ仹˹أ̰ؿţÿһƬƵ״ÿһɳģ¼ɰʯ
룬ӦҲûľɫԺټŵ£һУлᣬҲһ
Ҷʱꡣ
й񣬼ԼڸźǸ߾ϣæ첽ȥŷԸ
ɵ𣿡
߾ƺҲûʲôҪ£ͬԶգţҶʱЩߺյЦЦ
ūûʲô档
ľ£֮˶ᱻ𺳣ҵһμҲ̲ס࿴ۡ
ҶʱͷһԱߵˣܸܵ߾ϳ΢ı仯ƺ˲٣ȫƹʱ̴Щģ
Ȼɲ߾ͣʵƷжãϽʰ׵˼⼸֧Ϣ
߾Ǹž˾˴̣δֹһսһЩֵɧţѶȱͲӧ˧ʱԶ볯ϵķҪҪԼһֻӣסȨ
صǸͤ


24 
չ̾գҶʱЩǲ̣ġ
ɳûз߾ÿֻڹţżһʩһʱ㳣פصĽǰѾԻ˿ûսŵա
˯ǰҶʱ̲סˣ
¡Ǵ𣿡
֪е飬ΪĵҲδģҪһС
߾ƺܲԴЦ
ôףҲˡ
Ҷʱɫ΢䣬¶⣬
˵ūź¡
ǡ߾Цǵоһˣһճ߾ɧţڶˣ˰˰ˣɶ˧ӭսڹںȾֻô룿
ҶʱнԶһãıҡҡͷū벻
Ȼĳûʲô۽硣߾ϽĲһҵĿһˡ
ʵ߾ϱսپģͤȰס̴̫죬˵ޣֻˣвҲ֮
Ҷʱľ̾ѣԭΪĴ̱˫ͬʱһ£ȴû뵽˼
ūźЩˡҶʱٿ߾ʱеĳĽ֮ԱֻҪеڣūűʲôˡ
ø߾ʮãóһҶʱɫ
дģ
Ҷʱͷɪżͷ߾ţۣüͷʲôܺãԡʲô˼
߾ϽŶҶʱǰ֧飬бб˼С˶
ūдǣºܺãЩҶʱߺūŲд¶ֺ֣Ǿֻܻˡ
߾ţЦᶼ˳̫˼ˣȷĸܿд𣿡
ūֻƼՉBվʲˣųôҲûӹţϽдһ˹ȥ
Ҷʱһ˼ģȴǺȻԿɷܽŴȥû벻ʱǰʲţѾ˸߾С
һֲֿУҪҵķȻ⼸ǲܵġ
ūֻдô֣õ¼Цˡ
߾ԭΪҶʱ겻Ǹѭ浸صūţɿžǰмֿɰ
ĸŲǲɣʲôұˣֻЩ˵Щ˵Ҫ
ҶʱȻȴϲصͷ
ūŶϲǡ
ǻ顣߾ʧЦֽҽд
߾ֽɷдµ¶֣òףֹֽдһ飬
ǡ¡֣Լܳȥ
Ҷʱ꿴֣۾һֻ⡰Щӣд˸ī
ºܺá
д꣬һ̧ͷ߾ϣ
£ūŻᡣ
߾ü
дֶʲôȥˡ
Ҷʱȴҡҡͷ뿴Ĳδ̣ǶǾ£ֻдܺãӵġ
ȻЩŮ˼߾֮Աǣȴдɡ
Ҷʱ꽫½ʲ˻бϳ¥ԶѶ˲׽ˮ
£ŬֺûΪôѡһȻķɰ˴૵Ҷʱ꽫ͷֱۼ䣬ȶ߷ЪŻ£һʱǰһƬģգ˼ȴһӰȻǰ
û뵽һĹ򣬾ϢؿҶʱ󺧣ŵ˼һͨʿƽ
ӦǸԼûбŶԣҶʱлڵһ̧ȴʿƽһĿҪ͸һ㣬¶ıЩŻ
**û𣿡
Ҷʱɫһ䣬ӪֲĻöˣԳţֱӵĻͷһ⣬ЩţҶʱ껺ˣͻȻһĲԭһֻµ̨£˸ա
ۿ˸ʿƽתͷֻʶӣµ¥Щͣƽ»СЩɴ˿̵Ҷʱȴʲô˲ãζȥ
оգ͵Ҷʱֻʵܳ¥ʱȻһ˳ǰȻھʧ֮Уת˸ȥ
ˣ
ͤתͷֻһӰ͵ʶؽ˷ţѸٵض˫ֻק
˾ҡ
дŴϢ¼ˣ̧ͤȥֻһʿӳ¥Ӳͣ񣬶һ֮Ѹ߿ˡ
ˡ
Ҷʱ̽ͷȷϺɿ˽յ˫֣ϸõ
лˡ
פģ¶ȥûǴʲҪܡ
ǡҶʱͷͤĻ֪̌׼Ҫߣæץ
ˣ
ͤһԼϣҶʱڨڨһЦַſŹѵõĶĻᣬղ鼱֮ץȴڷɿ˼Ҫ˵Щʲô
ˣūҪдţЩֲдҶʱЦЩ˼ղŵ½˼֣ūֲҵ£Ժвūֽ𣿡
ͤü΢ҶʱԴŵݣ￴ʲôƺڿǷӦ
ūŲ߶˵ġıܾҶʱ̲סּһ˾䡣
ͤѾҶʱʮּУͷȻ˲
ͻ̫Сˣͤһ˲뷨̫СͣЩĻȴܽԼȫ䣬ҶʱĹעЩ̫ˣھ˾źܲӽ
ڹеǴ⣬ԴӾгҶʱʱʱؽĿͶϣüŻ˶ˡ
ʵҶʱĿĺܸȤȴֳܱκͼֱҶʱԼҵӽ
ȻշеʱԼ¶
ȥ˷ܺҶʱžú£Ǹʿ̰Ц˲ǸҹΪʹһͬʱĵ¡
ֻôһ룬Ҷʱļ۾ػǸͶ߼ٵֿͣôˣ˳ǲҲԼ
֪𰸣ȴö֪
߾ҹʱѵõļʵȼȴûиΨнİ֧ǿһ㶹Ļ磬һһģЩ˯
ҶʱδЩСȴֺҲţźϢ
߾ϻ˸ȴҶʱſڰ˯ˣִıʽϵֽ䦳һŨڵī㣬߾ϽĿͶԱɢʮֽϣдֺüͷͻȻ΢
棬дģǡ¡֡


25 
߾һţǹԼҲûĻȣд֮ǰЩȻѿ
Ҷʱں˯߾ϱһ£ȴⷢ۽һ㾧ϸһƣǺ˯ġ
߾ϾͻȻʲôƵģоޣȴһİļ£ʹأ߾ʳָ۽ŵһ顣
Ҷʱë˼£˫ۣһӰǰȴ˭ξʵصУػ
¡
ƽ򹧾Сģֺֻõͬ߾һ˿;ԾطŻ
ô˯ˡ
ĸͬһҶʱը죬˲ɴ˫ۣһսӼ𣬾ֽŶʼ飬ӵڸ߾ǰ
ūŸ֪ʲôʱ˯ˡ
һָֻ糣ƺղġ¡ĻþƵģ߾쿪֣Ҷʱϻ⿪ʼΪȥֱϴϣź߾Ϣ
µʣµϴˣڻѱߺɣÿնģΪø߾ܹ˯
һҶʱ˲˲٣֪оգԿصڿԼ̫ˡ
߾бϣǰϱҵʰһֽţ۾Լ˼ڴ˿̷ҡ
ݷôãȵģա
ʵչصĽţƽԼҺԺҶʱ꽥û߾սĸоɽøպۣһ󼱴ٶ޴ľڶը졣
Ѹٵط¿ױͬվĸ߾ϴͷæµʱͤʣ󻹸ż죬
£ˡ
߾Ѵϣλ
жԶ

ˣ
Լһˡ
ǽϵĻȫ߾Цһǡ
ҶʱܵһѹȸУЩǰռţһȾƳ⣬ƴڻģ͵͵Ҳܴ̣
ɽһףɽ˸ԾԾԵѪâ˵Ǹһڳģδ̵Ҷʱ껹ǽŵֽű
ƺǸܵĲ߾Ťͷһۣ
Уʲôسȥ
Ĳͬ⼸ϴֶ͵͵ӣ۾һ˿ͤδ̧ۿŽƺ˽֪Щʲô
Ҷʱ꣬ʹһŸƯС̫࣬˭Ųö룬οһȺŮ˶ĲүǣôϸƤ꣬Ҳ
ͤͻȻڣ
ҶƽʱҲҪ׳ʣȻ£㲻ˡ
ҶʱһͤΪʱͻȻ֮£߾ϵĿ̿
ʲô£
Ҷʱ䲻ͤʲôȻ֪أֻ
ūŵĶ΢¡
΢ˣиҪ¡
߾˲ʶԼЩʧ̬Ŀջأ
Ƕɹ˲׽󣬱㰴ƻ¡
ͤζؿһ۸߾ϣ༸Ŀһݣ
߾ջĿ⾼ضǰټչһƬֻ˶µڶ뻮һĽŲȴһ˽
Ҷʱ꼸ˣսģ֪Ҳ²ⳡ̾Ҫδ򣬵ҲֻǱսͣһųĬ
أеĽŲҲֹͣˣչؾͺţ˼Щ䡣
ҶʱԾطŻˣ·һһ㣬͵͵۸߾ϣֻֽץŷ֣ǽڶѷףϷǹòģѪ¾ϢҶʱ겻Щľ
ͻȻԶڵĳǽϣÿһγһȻƵĻ⣬ҶʱԸܵ˸߾ϵĺôأ˼ΪʲôǰͻȻһһ춯صľڶը඼ը©һġ
ȻӦһһչصضɽҡʶžҵػζţƺҪһ㡣
Ҷʱ꾪֣Ƿʲô뵽ֻжʱ˵췣Կصס˫һκصľ֮ӲҧѹļȵĿ־壬ȥͼԼΪ߾ϵסܻϮΣգʲôԼһȡõȫΡ
ҶʱԼ֪Ϊʱ̻뵽ЩƺѾ裬쵽뾡һа취쵽
ĿⱾǰĸ߾ϣͻ˹Ӱˣһֻµûսˣȴſ˫ۣԼĺ󱳵ǰ
Ȼø߾𶯵ǣżͲߵļУһ¡
ʱͻȻͣЪ̶ź͸ߺصĳŻ򿪣˻ų˳ȥѹõĶһ㣬ֻһ̵˺ҧ
Ҷʱ겻֪ʲôɵһֱȴͻȻḧıһֵ˱ļУͷȴ˰ο
£ǻ
Ҷʱæݻսȴæţ
û°ɣ
߾ҡҡͷὣҶʱһԥŸ
㲻
˵ո߾ϴ̤ʣһӣʵˢνɱ¾һ֮⡣
ɱֱɫɱЪҶʱ̽߳ʡ
չڿƺûʲôͬǳ֮Ŀ֮ȴǽǱ춯أ֮
Ҷʱ꾪δԼùȥ˫ȴǶȥԽԽֱֹ֣δĶ
ģڵģ׵ģһγ˿״
һ˲סԼͣԥתܣ絽ھδʳпտգȴ̲סӿϵķθŻţȴʲôŻֻпɬſеÿһ䡣
ԭǺǳãǺڵŤĽʬǰ׵ǲƵĶ֫
ҶʱײײȥߣһͰˮ˴ϣˢſеĿζֱ𽥻ŷѱʪ͸һô̹ǡ
һ£ȥյſȴŸ߾һҵسŤͷɫ
ȥĶˣ
ūšҶʱͷ˿ԼǱģش˸ȥˮˡ
ˮܺȵǣ߾üֽʣһ멣
ʪ·Ͻˣһкܶ£ܡ˵ű뿪
ٳ˶ҪģҶʱʪ³·Ŵ¯ߣȴůƵģʱʱս
ͷԺиֵȫǳ⿴ͷ˼ԺҪߵ£Ϊ֮ϵǸˣͱˣ̫̣̫ˡ
૵ģڵֲסϮ˳׵ߡ


26 
չشݵϢصʱ򣬶ѹʮˡ
أǸ߳ķء
⾳ڴ󲿷ǳɽ룬կկɽ·Уȱأֳɺ˵Ǽɽˮ񣬱õĴ
˵ڶӱ֮ΨԼͷϵģƫˣ˵ļЦ֮ɢү
չشݣߵǧˣ˵˾ҹϢ
߳Щ٣Ц
Ҿݣ

߳΢΢˿ΪҶʱһ̣Լֱȥصţû뵽Ÿ߾ȥսݣеصһ룬һ޷Ĳ
޷˼ǿң߳ÿÿͺڵôʹӦȥǶԭΪ˶ͬڹУֱ𲻹ʱȴûȫʧȥ˿ƣһ涼ˡ
߳кڣڻĵ֮еԼδԼǺ˼¾ˣҲǧ˼á
ǵİΣɷӦ
֮ҪѰ֮ȥźã˼ţ꣬
¡꿴ʮӦǸͣһ˫ȴѪĹ⣬һ̴˸
Ѿɱˡ
ֽɱˣ߳΢̾վˮʪˣȥϵѪ
԰ĻЩһá
԰Ļ
΢ģʮֲĵֲıδʣĿԳΪһѹӣȡֻΪһӵܣ
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27 
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28 
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29 
໲ĵյ˶㣬һϣ˲ž󱬷һкȵУ໲΢΢һЦǰȥڶĿ֮ƶ۾ﶼ˸Ĺ⡣
Ž໲ĿҶʱͻȻЩڸɣ岻Щ
ˡ
໲ҪıĿģҲӦûѡĿʱ֣룬ǰ벽΢΢˸߾ǰ棬סһ롣
һ˲һֱַֻϣƿһҶʱֱ߾ϵ
໲ӭŸ߾ζԱ˱ƣ
á
߾Ͻӹӵͬʱ໲޹ǵָعһָɸ߾ϺûзƵģɫ糣ؽ໲һЦ
һĻܺгǵעҲתƣҶʱ걾ǽŽ໲ŵҲزʲôƺֻǵһ㡣
˭׼ġ߾ͳЩá
ɵҲû˵СŮܳȸ̨ѽ໲ʼյЦţ¼ȻСŮֻԼˣ䲻ָܳΪµ˶ֻҪ̷ұˡ
˶⼸֣ҧأ̧һԵҶʱ꣬߾üβ°ͣ
ôϱĴ𣿡
СŮΨһĳ·Ȼ롣໲ŴŴأ˿ԹɵСŮŶһԡ
Ҷʱ꿴ˣ໲˴Ӧӽ߾ϵģֻҲû߾Ͼʲô˼ƺвҲûܾ໲һֱľơ
߾ϿαϣǰĿЩ룬Ὺʼ𣬱㲻ϵǰƣ˿ֺô࣬Ҷʱ
£ɻã
߾ҪҶʱϽţȴͻȻѹòˤһԵĽ໲Ҳһָȥȴһ˦
໲ֽڰգ촽ίģ˶̲סΪ򱧲ƽ߾Ҫߣ˷׷ͣ໲һ£Ҳţû߼ȴһӰסȥ·
̧ͷǰľͤ
ˡ
໲ͤδò
Ϊġ
໲һ㶣ǸҡҡλΣŲ鸡Ӱϸ˲˼ɫ
Ҷʱ壬ĸ߾ʮֳζʧȥƽ⣬ȴڱˤ˲䣬߾ǡһȥӲ˻
һ·ϲû֮ˣ߾־Ĵ󣬽һ˦˾ôײײػص޷
Ҷʱ꽫߾Ϸߣȥºͷڣֽѥѵ
Եȣūȥ
˵׼ȥ˻δվͻȻֱһתһ㱻קҶʱ귴Ӧڸ߾ϵĴϣֱϷ漴Ҷʱ꿴һ˫ƽģɺ֮ɫ۾
ȫסˣ˼Ҳ֪߾ΪλľٶŬúƽżɤӵ̽زʵ
¡ˣ
߾ϲδشͬ΢ƺڼЩʲôȵϢԽԽѾܸеĺϡ
Ҷʱ꾪岻ѣԺ棬ȴԲ²ô£Լú˰ɣ
£ūȥѾɡ˵ţҶʱСŲ壬ͼӸ߾ϵɼϺȻһһ˫ذ棬Ҷʱ궯õصɴ˫ۣۿŸ߾ϵͷƽҶʱ֪ٵȥ˲ǰʲôʲô£ס˸߾ϵļ򣬷
¡ˣѣ
ڸ߾ͬɦ޷ʯ壬߾ֻϥһѹߵȱ㱻ѹסá
Ҷʱ󺧣ٿ߾ϣ˫۲Ѫ˿ͷ·һֻޣ̾Ҫ븹һ㡣
һ߼ϺȻһᣬ߾Ͻһֻ̧ҶʱΪѹ˿֮ʣͻȻһڱƤ¶΢Ŀ֮С
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߾϶Ǻۼ޷Կһ㣬ͻȻһ£һҶʱļֹͣ·׻а㵯Ҳ˱ѹƵᱻŤˣ
ſſң
ƺûϵ˼ң߾һʱ֣оûҶʱ귭Ҫ´ȥɻûȰߣһ޴ٴν˻ȥ
޷ƣһҶʱ꣬Ұؿ߾У
𡭡
һֻС޷ı֪ãȴͼƺǲٿҶʱ˫ۣͺֻصǼο޺ҲӲķ䣬ҵսţңںХ
ɽȴû˶Ϊ鲢ûмֻдصĴϢڶţҶʱ˫ۣȴ߾ϵ˫ȥ˸ղѪռһ֮ɫ
Ҷʱ̽ļֻ߾˳Ʊ㵹һԣ𽥾ȣ˯ˡ
ҶʱƬ̣γѰӴǶŶ
źϵ˲䣬˯ĸ߾Ȼ˫ۣ˫۸һ˿⣬ѾյţҪ仮һ㡣
û̽໲ȴҶʱϵ˲ı⣬ǾһɲԼ봥ǿңǿҵܲˡ
֪ӲԼĽһˣϣġ
㲻ռС
ӻطҶʱ꽫Ž˴һ˫۾ŷţκζз飬չڻУƽհ־塣
߾ΪλٶѵΪԺͻȻ˸ղżһµĴУͻȻһɶ񺮴ӼֺݺݲţͻȻ·һһ¡
Ҷʱһ㶣·ǷţŷЩһĶؿڡ
ϽȡŷѾڸղŵб壬߽ǴѾЩƣֽŴ򿪣ʧǣŷоһûֻƬ
Ҷʱŵؿţѵ˴£ͽһŷ
˭ӡ
Ѿûϸϸ˼ֱӽŷһߣ˫ĿʧؿǰУȴиӦóĶҶʱ껺ͷִϣһƵģССĹ档
ҶʱŵָСĵ𣬽ģӦ뿪֦ͷ̫ˣѾȫɿݣڱǼҲŲκζ
Ϊλй𻨡ﲢ޹⻨ִӺζ
ͻȻʲôҶʱ꽫ŷûȲؽ˺Ȼ߰ϸСĻ滬Ҷʱô㶵ؿţͻȻˣ˭ţ
ϸؽÿһ𣬷ϸϸţҲ޷Ƶع£ղǰ龰ûᣬ⼸佹ݵģѾʧȥĻȴ
ⰵһӰͻȻĿԭأ̾һתȥ


30 
˶ǸģĸﶼûɶԺģС󣬲֪˶֣Ů̫ź
ֻи߾ֻ֪ͻǴӸ̨£ʱĸߵĹŮǰѵ*ԼһʼΪ֮εĲĸԼ䣬ɴףĸŵģǴӲġ
źĸ˼ӾȻ֪Ļù򣬶ҲЩʲôߵȥȥͬһװˣ˵˼ԼϣԼҲͺá
Ҷʱ꣬뿴װ죬ոһգȴʼһȹɶ£Ϊȣ㲻ǽΪĸײ̷ңԼͷô°ɣǱĺЩ
ʲôʱֲѰ˼
߾ϸϸţǴӳ˾ԼεĶᣬȴȻΪܵŸҺۣʱӦֻЩϧ֮ɡ
ֻֽĵ£ͬһƬëļЩ
ߡ֮£µҪȴԸſ˫ۣԼΪסδ֪Σա
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˼ǷȥƣƼ£̽ؿһ죬ȴûҽ
ôô
˿ŭҶʱæŶ룬ȴֱǰȥź򣬶ƵԶȥ׼ϴˮʱʱڴ֮ˣ
ҹ߾ϵģôġ
Ҷʱ̽ʵ
²ǵ𣿡
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ºˣūŰͻ˯ˡ
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һװ޼䣬һ·Ȼټ⣬ҶʱһԼֳܱȥ߾ϸ¡
߾۾Ҷʱϣǹȥزʲô뷨ͷȥպܴڴǸȥļѣͻȻһȸظΰһĿȴһζڵ
ôⶫ
Ҷʱ˾ۣδʲô߾һţһɵҩ㡣
ǹ̫ҽ֮ǰģūżٲζҪɢûˣ˸װáȻ滹вżССĻƻ
ˡҶʱӻͳһӲӣĴָ׺ĸɫʯ˿ŲΣ
˸ūŵġ
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Ҷʱ꽫ָϣһ
Ҫ
߾ϲЦҶʱ֮Цڵһ˿ΣЦ
һƺѻָ糣ֻǽȸ̨ȴһ˳üչ໲ЩǵڴߣһӰӹ΢΢һת˷š
ȻΧǽߵԺͤӰ
㸸׻֮Уȴڴƾ԰
һϯý໲Ŀиߺ֮ɫƬֻ̺ʣΣ
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ҪҲеһѵѡʣǰ
ˣ۳ɹҶû߳ˣֻҪҸװȻҪĶȻϡ
˵ţ໲ɵֻ̾ϧ̣û뵽ϲľˡ
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һºβδ죬ʱƼ
໲ɫһݣǰ˵ӣ
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ͤתӽȸ̨ƫųȥۼʧ໲޵ϣһ˫Ӱʣ˿˸ղŵ֮⡣
-----
ҹ£˶ĺ£ĵףɢĵҩȴʱ̵ҪӦ
˵ֻе֪ҶʱԲ׽ͨĳŵҪдЩʲô˳
ҶʱİϣűʱȻ˰Ҳûдһʲô֪ȴְȫأ
ϸϸػŹ֪ãϵīѸɺԣҶʱȻй⣬ֻ̾һʴŪãдһֵ֣һ֣ز˲³Եɡ
ֻд䲻ʮƯȴĸĲ֪϶٣Ǹ߾Ͽ飬ɵ֪
֣һʱʽ̳ġ
죬Ѱ˸ὫŽ죬ղӰһüͷһתЦӯӯ
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ҶҲԷƱĸ໲Ҳġ໲䰧Թȴ˿Ϸʣ
ϴγɹ㣬໲ŵ¼ָֻ·
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˻ܣҶ˵ˡ໲̾˿еķ飬Զһ޶ѣҲֻܰˡ
Ҷʱͷ˼̧ͷһϿģ
ȷʵұ԰ɡ
໲ЦұͻȻҶʱ꾪ĿժһƬҶ
໲лˡ
԰תȥҶʱԭأյֱ˲䣬ŮѵͲܺú˵
໲ǾƼͨţҪԴΪҪЮ߾ϸܣҲܼõУҶʱ겻ÿɷ񣬲δ¡
Ҷʱһص޷߾ϾƼĶ⣬

߾ϻԼҶʱ겻˹ȥû뵽ոտ㱻һָɨ⣬ŵһ
ôһֻ죿
Ҷʱһ㶣ղŵһĻոһΣⲻѰģø߾һʹ죬ټַʱʱ޵ζѲ˸߰˰ˣ
ǲǽ໲㡣
Ҷʱ꾪ȵؿŸ߾ϣ֪ôܲˣͷ
һֱ׽ȴ޻ᣬҵūš
ӦӦ׽
Ͼĳ֮⣬½Ҳ޷Ҷʱ͵͵۸߾ϣģ˵ţ
ūžŽҲʮֺÿ¸䡣
䣿߾ϾЦЦЪȴ䣬
ðԸȥ׽Σ
Ҷʱһŵģȴʹüۣ˼


31 
վУһʲɫ԰ף˫ǽɪɪһһһκεַţԱվŵĸߴӡ
ӽչȴֻһ֣üƬֽ꣬꽫·ʲУ
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СĲ֪ʲŵöɸӣСֻǽżһȥŻȡߣСʲô֪
żδ
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ʹ˸ɫذ׵ʲϣĴʲʱ˿ӣ
Ĳ֪
һиףӺӡͳȥͱպ졣
ҶֻںƴߵϢʧֱûŸҽ۵Ĳǰһ糣ղŵһо˳جһ㡣

£Щżʱ⻳ﱧż⣬ϻһ⽻ˣҪֽ
߳ùſһƬհףһ˿ϲɫ漴ת
Ϊýġ
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ǰҲûǴ٣Ǳֶ֣ƺΪݣ㾭ûûСģ֮ҲΪ˲ֲֻͬýŽû뵽˻¡
߳漴ˣŹϵһɲȻ䰵ʱŵ˼
֡
û˱ˣͼƺø߳û뵽źı˪һ㣬ٲҶ˵һ仰
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ʱס
ĺġ߳Ծڴˣ£ЩȻ޴ؿ첽뿪ȻԼе̫ʱˣϾ
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Ѿ֪СģǼֻ֪Բĵ̽ţ߳ߵߣñīִ֭ʶ飬ֱӷ𣬿ֽչ˼ʣطǹòе΢Ц
߷϶һ˫۾͵͵һƼղŶ絶Ŀ˿̾Ц⣬֮гɻ
žǺõ¶飬ѵİŮӲɣ
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Ȼһʱ仹ȥϸֱۣͻ˸С
Ҷʱ꿴ӶѪĸ߾Ҳһ˿ڴõҶʱСĵؽĸ첲ܺãΪϴϵѪۡ
߾ĿɫһԲ֪ЩʲôҶʱۼˮȾ죬̧ͷʱĿֻۣ
ʲô𣿡
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һС˶ѡ
¿֪ĸô󵨡Ҷʱ޷޵˵ȴ治֮¡
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ȥʱ߾ϻδѣҶʱ˿صԼķ䣬뽫
Ѿ˼ۣҶʱ꽫չƽϸش򿪣澲طһֽһϲ˳
¡
ЩббӳҶʱ̲סЦü۶ʱ¹ȡЦΡ
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һ΢СƺۣǴʱû̫ϸ˺һ㣬ʱһǾ˽ȥ
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ȥ֣ͤ
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ͤȻͣ˽ŲҶʱҲ֮ͣ£صš
ΪβܶԣΣͤת˱Ӷ
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Ҷذɡ
ҶʱͿŶȥƽָʵѾ΢΢顣
ǲѾ֪ʲô𰸺֮
Ҷʱ֮ǰżн


32 
ٴαԴһߣѾ֪࣬ĿĲǷţ޹ءֻʮְֻϤϤģֽŷ
ƺã̲סҪѯ֮ʱо˽·ŻĿڴ
պˡǸεŲͳ
ͳЩ죬ļ
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ŲԶȥԹԹԵһյʱȡ˲һо͸ûһֻǶǷѻһƱĿ䲻࣬ƽʱٺ»΢ȲС롣
ڱԹĪ̯¶ʱϲ쳣ȻҲ֪ͱս°ˣܼͣϲ̵شƱ뿪ˡ
Ķãſ˼׷ǰͷˣ
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һֱδǸˣͤ
ᣬǸҵġ
ġŵϴ󣬡۱ˣ
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ϣһƾǸЦģ ʲôʱ򶼴Ÿ˾ͤȥıӰٴνǷ˳дв̫ÿ֡
ѩȾ־ͤ
ѪȾ־ͤͤ૵أ˫ۣģſʱѳ촷ۣš
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飬ʾҶʱݣĵ¼Ϊ֮ˡ
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ˣϵðɡνϰҶʱֽ꣬ϵһɫ׹ϣ΢΢ζš
ͤⶫ˼ɲĻȣ

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˵Ҷʱ˫գĵһūҲϹµģӦͿˣܽš
ҹҲٶԣҶʱҴһȥ߾ϷȻһƬ˿
ΪȥʱҶʱȻԼУոڸ߾֮ǰȥɣƿԼţŵͷĹߵ͵ƣžϡ
һתŵõһͷһѣΣǶ·ϣֻ˼Σ᧿ΣĻ綶ţӳ֮˵ɫΪˡ
¡ô
ҶʱҲû뵽Ӧ˯ĸ߾ϾȻУͻɢɱ֪߾һǿˣ
˶٣˶٣Ҷʱһ˲Ѿ˸Ĵ㡣
ˡ
ˣҶʱ겻𻰣ֻװͿ
ʲôã
߾ϻվ𣬼ƽǰССķ޴ɶ㣬Ҷʱıײǽϣ°ͱаָݺסʹ̲סͺ
˵˽ͨˡߣͷĺ绹Ҫ伸֡
˽ͨ
Ҷʱһ˲ĿȻһɣҲ֮ɳһ˫ʢˮؿŸ߾ϣ
ūŲʹĻ϶ūŸղȷʵˡּ˵¡
°ϵǯȻɿ߾ɭȻǸоǵòĴ𰸣һ˲֮һ㡣
Ҷʱգ۾һֱŵˮ۽ǹ䣬һ²ŴӻóһƱž
߾ϿƱһ˿㵣ȴȻû˵ص͡
ūǰڹͳ˵ЩԺûģҪЩҵײźáҶʱеϵƱߣæ˫ַؼ
˸ǸָūӦֵЩǮģ۵绻Űˡ
ΪƫҪȥҪ͵͵ҹ
Ҷʱظо߾ϢȴղǰݣԶ
ūŲǲ֪˶ūƺвͬѰĿū䲻̫Ҳ֪ǲšõūʵڲң鷳ˡ
ΪҹūŷֵӦǵľй¶ϲūԲųŵ˯˲ǰȥҶʱһū޿ˡ
԰գ͵һ̧ͷ׼ݺݿڵϣȴڼص˲䱻һֻס
Ҫ𣬱ͲȥҪɵˡ
Ƕݺݣ⻰һ֪߾˰˾ŷ֣Ҷʱͻͻģ²ѣҶΪ˽ͤ˰ָڴ˴μʱţûǱҲ˵ˡ
߾ϿɷڵϲҶʱ꣬Ц
Ϊй¶˾Ųϲͤ׽
ֻǰɻ̧ͷǡȻءɫ߾һҭںУһ֮ȼ
ˣǲǶûģ
ˡҶʱɫҲʲôˡ
̤ţúΪʲô
߾Ϸȥѵһ˦ϣһ󱡱ĳڵϵҶʱǺϵ˸ɾϲ˸ղŵľֻʡ
֪عˣ߾ϿƲȻŭؽ㣬ŭ𲢷ǳǰԼһ㡣
˵ǰҶʱֻЩ޻̸֮ҹǼ֮¶Ҳ˼֣Լǡѳ
ҶʱΪףȴ˼ֵ˰գǱԻ磬ܳϢһ£æǰæ̷߾ˡ
Ҷʱ䲻óţÿյķ˶ֱķַſڵӣֻɫƽǵķǸ߾ʳﲦġ
ҶʱͭԼƺЩſִ˿͵̾һյĲ緹ûȥ緹ˡ
˰ˣվԱ߶
Źϣһ˰ɡ
һæֵ
Ҷ֪꣬ҳ˻ҵȡ
Ҷʱ룬ѵֹͣģ
ʲô£
ص̾һһʵǱﲻס˵ı飬
Ҷǲ֪Ǹ꾫ղŵ£¾Ҳܾ
꾫Ҷʱ˭Ǻ꾫
˭߷߲ƽǸģ


33 
໲
½ҶʱĿ¶ȡ
˷޷ޣ˿οı飬
´δ޷ҹҶҲ̫ġ
Ҷʱһ죬
ҡʲôĵġ
һղЦݣҶʱֻõͷǷԵĲɣܾ鲻̫Ծ
Ӳǳ˸ɾҶʱʹס
˵˵˲Ҫô࣬ĳԲˡ
˵ĸ˵ȷʵԵĲŵ
Կɡ
ҪҶʱæţ߷ּеʵĺܳ谮𣿡
ǣǾͲ˵ˡһҶı飬ʰȥȻְؽ
ŷŽգҶʱȥղźߴӵģԵЩĶӣССķⲽ
Ǹ߾׿ϣ໲ǽģ߾ƽʱΪ´һذף໲ʲôͼҲ¡
Ҷʱʳһţת˸߾ϵӣͼӴ׵ؽһۼһЩɫ
ǽЩˡ
һΪὫҶʱųû뵽Ȼû˽㡣ĸٶ˺תͷ߽Ľ໲ƲۣȴһҲûˡ
໲һЦŸ߾΢΢һ
ͷЩͣûͷӬƵſתƣһϴء
ǡ߾бϣһģ໲üۺЦȴûȥתȥ˱ƣˮаָھƱԵתģǺģȴѻĺܡ
߾ϵһگʱ໲Ǿװһû뵽û˵Ůϵ˽ȥϴ˸ɸɾ
ŮһѬ㶼ûвǹ£׼ҩ϶ٶЩ˵ɸ߾ƫһףһδ˽໲Ĳ֡
໲ܹίƫƫЦӭ˼˾ôһ𣬵ӱ濴Ŀġ
˼ڶҶʱ㱻㣬ͤȻҲܲµԭί߾ϲʻ໲Ҷʱѽ鴦õ
ͤҲЩ̾߾ڴģһϣȴûҶʱһͨ͸
˼ţֺŶ룬ɴЦ⣬
ˣס
ͤףĵֱ磬Ҷʱ㲻վֻ谲ֵַص̣һɡ
ˣм¡ͻȻѹɤţߵ໲ĸѾȳѰ׵ױš
ͤ˫һſٿһպã
໲ĸӳ˱ȻŹ·;ԶѽǰԸ߾϶Խ໲̶ȣɱӦɣ뱣֤õҪĶ
˼ųն֮˴Ը߼뵱Ĺ飬ֶ̫Ѧı죬ӣȻҲǱʡ
Ĵ󽫻ǲűʿսɱȴǵǹۣɾگǡ
лڱ߾ҾʮԴ˼ûˣʷĴۣѦҲ˲˱Ȩ
ʱʷĹ屾Գ£ȴû뵽Լҷĵؽﱻѳ˴Ƹżһ¿ν𾪳Ұ䲻֮˴ڣûһѵ˸࣬˼ҺȻٶȿüӦ
ͤվڳ֮ϣ˫ؿŹֽ֮˵ͷ­һ£ʢѪѪ˳ųֵש컺ţÿһשʯÿһضմ˹˼˺ԩѪᡣ
˱һ֮ýʣ֣˵Ź˼֮Ȼ޹أҪ˵Ѱ
Ȼ
֪뵱ĹѦܲɷ֣ѦɼǱɱΣټѦ̫Ŀػǰ˹ְ
ͤԴѦ£Ҫش̲Ż˽ʱĵλ񲻽ԼľӣҪҵ˹ʱ֮˽Ң
֮°¶Ңٻ㶨һֱŲ˱ţЩ֤Ե߸Ѧҡ
ҹĻ֮£໲żòס涵ؿͤ
໲յ䲻ãȴسŵ˱żԻ˷ϡ
ͤü΢
߾϶ھ裬ɱһѳɣֻҪұɰ븸žۡ
ɱ˵赶ɱˣɽ໲ʵ̫ʱ˺һҲռֻҪ˸ȡ裬ҲûҪϡ
պǸ߾ϵǼ磬ҪЩˡ໲ЦʱֻЩ輧輧ѬŨɡ
㸸ѰȻ
ˣ໲ͻȻĻѵʹ˷ŹܾȼΣ
ͤ΢һۣ
ִˣպ輿Ի׼׵
໲ͤȥıӰٿȻ
֪Ϊִ𣿡
ȥ֮˲δƺں𰸡
ΪԸ
󣬿ѣͤҲֻ΢һ˲Զͷῴ˫Ļȫıӡ
ϧûС
ۼ͵˸߾ӣδ֪ͣһңԼǼҵ¸صĴȻǲܵ
Ҷʱ걻˳˵ҴҸϹȥȴ߾ϻ§Ž໲ǰ֮˳̸ֻɨһۣøˡ
ҶʱһվԱ̷ţ߹ȥȴεطָ߾Χȫž˵ˣû֮ء
Щ˼ϹϾóԼҲ˵ǰû˳裬˾Ƕȥͽ໲ˣ֮ϲûظġ
ôø߾ϺǹԱ߿ƵģҶʱ겻Ϊվһɿ⣬ֵС
ĿʼҲλ߾üͷĴţֱͷڻ谵Ľ￴վùؾصҶʱ꣬
ҷɵ𣬹ơ
ҶʱŶһ߹˰ϣΪ߾Ϻͽ໲Ʋˣصһ˿
ڸ߾ƫͺ⸱ģԵԼƽϡ
ǿһĻȻҲǸи˼ʱ໲ڸ߾϶߶˼䣬߾һü˵ͷֻ໲뿪ˡ
ܹܴͷ˸ˣӣһϲģˣֻ֮ŮشϨ˼
˻ڲ֮ʱһ𣬱۵Ƿ׷סֱŵﴫ
ѲȴʹؽǰǸڴĮֺƹڿУ͵͵İһ㡣
ǳ֮УһȴͻȻθߣȻֹƻԺȴûӰȻʧ֮ʣһöʡԻ谵ĵƻУֻһ˳Ӱ㣬һŨҵĺ£Ͻϵ壬Ǵ
ҲǺ£׺˽˿ߣĻзɫߣĽһһ㣬˿ۡ
ݹէ𣬳֮תţƺһ˲Ҫһֻڿնֱ
ҶʱžƺҲˣ໲ȷʵףҪϴ֮ҹĸĿֱһȣŻعƱϡ
һϣŮƻȼ𣬽໲̤ЦλĽĿ߾ߡ
˿̵Щѩظϻһ΢΢ıǵظ
£໲ȥϴѡ
߾ϲΪصͷҶʱ꿴ȥ֪Ϊܾò̤ʵ


34 
ַǷƱյĪǶЩȻʱӵһȺ輧վм䣬һѬŨĻ㣬ۺھ֮УֲŨ˼⡣
ʱѾ̨̫ЩʲôϾǰЩѬԽԽòһȺӹ֬׷ۡ
߾ȻҲûʲôȤֱһҲûһֻۣһǧ˿ҲһѣΣչȻǺȵЩˣ۾Ƥͬ˩Ǧء
̨£ڳ˴˾ƣָоΪӦģſϺ˯
¡ҾЩԡҶʱ겢δƣͷԳأǰ˼û˯ƵģζȻſڱǣʶ졣
߾һ͵Ҫվɻ̱ѽ
ԼھƵĴ߻øҶʱûЩλȥбǽǿ֧壬ȻƿλλһС
ķ˲ӿ룬һɲҶʱͷѹþ
еŴ򿪣
Ǿ󣬼ýһ´˴̶һһŴ򿪡
ԭů紺յʱú쳣˶ô˸飬ŷӦղƺ˻磬ʱֻ
˲ԣȽ߾ϻͻȥʣµ˽е輧輧ԼĸְӶ˽ȻΧס
Ҷʱ꿿ڴߴϢţͷԽֽҲЩȽһѬ¯𣬶Ըһһ
Ѭ¯Ȼǳ⣬֮ǰǼ䵭ŵȺ輧¯оͱ˶˽Ϊ輧ɢδ⡣
輧໲أ
еҶʱĵߵ⣬һ
˺ڣ
ڡͤӱҶʱϽץ
ˣ໲ٵ˵˵ȥ·ȻȺ輧ˣδ飡
輧
ͤͫ׽
֣
ڣ
ȥ׷໲
ķ缫ƥӭŷţϵֻ类һۣȴɲиӱޣ޲һԳ
ХķУƺ˴֮ϼɫһ䣬нػޣֻž죬ȴ޺ǳ֮
ֻϧģƽŵ仹У㼲ΪǣһЩϹսĿͱƽڶߡ

Ϊ֮ԾѲˣɴͣѸٽ˻н
׷ͤͣˢˢʮˡ

ͤضű֮ˣǿѹƵŭ
ҪĶѾõ𣿡Ϊ֮Щ໲ڳӣûʲôܽȥˡ
ͤȻԱһֳֹֹ֧ң˲䱻˫Ŀͻ׺ݣ

໲һͤһȫûڵ˼
ʲô໲سŵ㣬ѵ֪ʵҲĿģ
ĿĴǴɱװ˼ڸ߾ϵģĿǲͼ
໲ȵ΢΢˫ۣʶͤ˼ɺıʿЩӦĸԼȫǲˡ
ϧֻôһˡ໲ԳЦţû뵽˾Ȼ輧ϳǰ뿪ˡ
輧ָֹ֣֣ͤ衣
ˣĻʵۺĶǡĸֲƲֺοƴ
ĳѪҲ̤ҳһأͤ˫Ŀ㣬໲Ҫ㸸׻С
Ҹף໲ʲôЦƵĴЦ㻹ΪǸŮɣ
ͤ΢ȣϵļȴȵض׼Ž໲
㣬ɱ˹˶ɡ໲ںüΪ˽ԼĹңȻҲԼŮѵΪͻȻ𣿡
ͤ΢һֱʳָͻȻֱʯ֮Хֻһƺߣһ˷
˷Ӧſ׼˵ţֱ֮Ӵ͸ý໲ɫ˲ɷף̧ͷֻͤٴδһ֧׼
˵һΣ
໲ҧ´˼
ҡ
߶˶һۣһͤϿʲô
ɢ
ۿǶһͤһȣˣǰʱһ⣬
Ѱƥ˿̿Ҫ֮ƷڵأֻͤЩ̤˼£˿ǰ⣬̧һԾԶ˼۶ȥ
ֱ֮ͦżڼ۵ٴңһң޻ͷ·
ͼ潦ŵѪ߾Ӷؽͼ˦ڵϣ
ػһݣǸŮ˵ʬȥι
ͤڵϣŵͷǺα飬
˽໲Щ輧Щվط
Ҫ߾ϺݺݽеĲ豭ˤͤߣϺõİ״˲ķѣҲսˣ
߾ΪԽ໲Ūڹ֮䣬ȴ˴˵ȴɴضҪؾסȨ죬ԼļƻҲһ
Һãµء
---
ʳ
֮Уɶѽѧ̫ӵĸ߳ѵЩУŲ˹ģĿȰضźӣһԵ̫վڷţ߳жһۺЦü档
һĻ˭˲ûһЦ̫̫ٳº֮ˣպü̴ͳҲػһ
ͻȻһ̫߳и˵˼䣬߳н˹ķ˺΢΢һЦ
ҳȥһ£Ȼͻ
һС̫࣬ضǸʲô£߳бû룬ɽ˵ȴͻڣһȴӰɫһݣؾ;Ҫд¡
У±ֻǶ֪ҲˡϿ˿ڣ߳죬Ϊ¶ƣ̬ĸʣǵһμ
˲üΪϵҲЩֻʡ
ʡ


35 
ѵؼһꡣ
߳е˫ĿŻ𾪵Ըӣλ˼ȴ֪Ӻ˵𣬵ͻֻгʹȴɫ
ǡ֪𣿡
Ҳƽﵱ׸ķɣҲʮƵģ
£ʵǰѲԣôֻϳͼ̫ҽ֪
˶ֻ׳꣬ΪηҪ̫ӡϿ߳У̫ҽ˵޻һ꣬Щڱ֪
ɸɫȾ֮࣡߳ԲţϣֻŪˡ
̫ӵ£ϵɫȫҩţʵͻٽ߳ɫ԰Ѫ֪ǰ֮ǲڲƭӦʱ޶ˡ
ߵ߳ǰֿͼͻˣ˳ȥˣֵ
Уղ¸˶ϸϸѡģպԻλȹȨ
ʡ
У޵ĵӦ̫ѦڳԽԽǴȨգ޴в
߳ɫأδ֪̫֮λ᧿Σ̫ϿѾʳɳгѦ֮⣬ҲвټʹĹ˳䲻˵ﶼڳ߾ʹ
а޶ǰһΪѦһȥگһ֮¡ϸеҸֿʼʹǿţ
Ҫ֮ʱһ֮⣬֪㱾Ǹĺӣ㲻˱Ҫ߳кۿŻ£
Ǹ̫ģнͤҪЩλȥ߼ҵĽɽҪѦˡ
ס߳йڻ࣬˼ͷ˫Ŀ
ǶãøʱҪΪġ
΢΢һ̾һ㱡㣬Щ֮ɫγ֪Ը߳жԺܿһ·ܸĽ߼ҽɽˡ
ǻ֮ʱ٣̫ѳȨ͸ЩüĿ㻼ؼޣҲֻܺԼһˡ
һգǱ㻹ո㣬Ҫ̧⣬ϵĲѲӰֻ༸ƬҶӲдţűһ΢ɨ䣬ֻ¶֦辵ϺݲС
Ҫˡ૵أ۾ô̫ˡ
߳º񣬻ǸʾΪֻʱ㣬Ҳ֪ܲݹۼˣҲֻܵˡ
˭֪ǣһС̫ڽɪɪںأ˭֪ϾͻȻ˽һʱûҳͶ档
С̫֪˲˵Ļҳȥˣƽո˻һҹֱڶջǰȥ糯͵͵˳ȥӰ
ٰ̫󻳱ů¯бϱĿҿ˿ʹټĹвˣǸ˵˼仰
̫ı̱ø΢΢֧ӣ
ɵ棿
׿˵̫ӵģм١
ǡ̫ɵЦһ õǽĺܺá
ūСŻϣϾ̫ˣȻҲ̫ġ˼ڵأһ͵ģ
С̫أ
̫ģѴɾˡ
̫ͷ
š
ūס
ش󣬴ʱͻз츲صı仯Ѧ̫̫ĿȻд˷ţܺһƬ֮һ˳ǰ
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ȥ
֮
ڣܹܴһ˼Ҵҵ߾ϴľҶʱҪȥİæ£
ģ
еġܹ¶ɫ˸˵
ͽܹˣ·ɡֵܹüҶʱ꽫£ǰ滹¾ʹҴҶȥ
˴Ҫ˶Ŀһ̴ֶﺺһ㣬˫ĿνʵӦǸ֣˼һƷ׵̷ƣ߰˷֣
¹ģҪҪ档
ﾹǰҶʱ̻˽ȥĬĬվ˺档
һҶʱ꣬߾üͷ΢
ʱȥ
Ҷʱ΢Ӧž£Źʵվſڳһ£̧ͷͤæӭ˹ȥ
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ͤɫЩ粻

յķţͻȻҶʱ
ӦҪдˣסڿʼԡ
Ҷʱһ㶣ϷӦ
ǡ
ԻѰû취ߡ
ܵĵΣضҲǼΪҪ֮ˣͤ˼̫ƽȻҲҪ취ȫ
Ҷʱ˫˲ӨڴصͷȻ˷£ͤЩ룬ֱһյͻһ

ҶʱæŶ룬Ҫ˵ģ
ˡҶʱͤ΢΢ūɡ
һϣ߾ϱϵһֽ

ͤӹֽͨʮͣһֽ飬˹ûõļƷ
ֻֽĸ֣
;ƿݡ
ǡ
̫ױ顣߾ɫأӦǵʱˡ
£𣿡
Ϻõľֽһ棬̻ҶδأƮ𣬶ɢȥ
ø߳е˻ʵۣˡ߾Ͽͤ־жˣ
ֻ࣬аˣǾӢͤ治֮ʾͬƽİڣھرУԼ֮һʱɵһ𡣡
䲻⡣߾ҲƽäúײΨսȭͷס΢˵ʲôо˷ܣֻ򲻰
룬Ҳֻһ
ķΧͻ䣬߾ϲ֮ǰڸһͲˣֱҹŻƣ飬춼˾Ӫ֮УҶʱͤĲԣʵʵһ̸¡
һҹ¸֮ʱ߾ϲĿƣۣٳٹҶʱ꽫һȥȵΪûҳűߵ
£ˮѱá
߾ȴһ˿ڵҶʱ˵ȫʲôҲþʱһԹź˼ɡ
̤ȵˮУ߾˲磽˻ʹҶʱɾĬذһΪϴš
߾ϴȸճʱˣݣͦΣɢŸɸɾϢ˿˾;
ֻ˫û֮ǰ׽һӣūŵ̬ȣø߾ʮѻ
˵ѽأѱѬȣҶʱĶŲϴĶ˲ϸܵĺ飬Ŀ̽ڣ߾һﾹһ
أ߾һѽӳȻûˡ
ͬʱҶʱקӣ˸ʵ
֪Ҳûҵ
ˣ߾һĲ˼飬ǿɲһܶϿô˵
ӵ£Ӧū᲻ʵҶʱįŴЦЦ
С¾Ͳõ·ĵġ
ø߾ʮֲôˣ
ôˣҶʱЩɻͷūﲻ𣿡
߾ᣬûʲôԣȴֶﶼԣҶʱ˶ٱּϴ
æµû𣿡
æǴ£ūֻҪź˱Ϊ·ˡһˮ©Ļش𣬸߾ֹɽˮУ
ˣǰδЩ»ǲ˵ˡ
ҶʱͷԼ£׸߾ʲô˼Ȼĺʣ֪Ҳֳܱһ˿档
ȥԸ


36 

ʱ´ǰһ£糾֮ˣһʵ
㾿Ǵģ
ֻ˵ЦеһɻеľܾȴᶨʱЩĵӣ
ȥ£أŰɡ
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37 
ҹҲأȾҹʮʪ䣬һƬžֻȲ̼¯ȻϨˣȴ˲̼
ջϷҩаãӦһɵҹʱٿؾѹϲ֪ʱһ麹ܡ
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㡭ΣһףʹţʲһĻ
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38 
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39 
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ǽ죬ڴǰκθı䣬ߵʱл̻̣񲻹¸̫ȿֺ󣬷·Ǹһ㱻
ҶһϤӰǰ棬ɻǵūţ
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˹ϵĳ´ԵüȴûҶʱ˰벽Щ롣ҶʱȻ֪ʱǴвͬЩɫƵģ񶼻ϸС
һƫľǸĵطɱϾ仪һЩƷ׵Ĺɣȥ¼һһƷܹ̫ķضס˽Ų༸ϲͷ
ϲܹܹ
Ҷǲ֪Ϊܹܵλã̫̫ûֹʥϡ
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֮˷˼ȥȡΪϣҶʱȴϲɫֻһֹ̧ˣ
֮ǰĴܹܿɻǴ޹
عǣʥּ˵޹ʹˣ¹ɡ
Ҷʱ겻ɵʧЦ޹ʮͷʹˣ־ڴˣԸλá
ʥϿ
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ǵȴ뿪ˣ֪һǶȥɡ
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ֱˣҶʱҲδж½񾭣ӽ޴Ϣ֮գֻҪʳǣһգҲֵõġ
߾üģڶ෱ӵʵЩͷʹ˷һ裬뵣ͻȻǿڸ˰Σŭ
һڣϤĿڸñ߳΢΢һתͷǳ˼ĺЦ̣һϲڣȴؾصݾߵĴ
ꡣ
ڵУø߾ϵ˼㣬̧Ҷʱ
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ΪΣ̫ĸλã̫̫ӣ˵Ҷʱ̫СɵΣɸ߾Ͼ뿴·ϲȴδ˸顣
߾ɫ΢Ҷʱ굹Ҳµ
µūŶūҲԼһС˼̧ͷŸ߾ϣĿ̹Ȼūܹ֮λ·أʤţźūνƷֻҪרźʥϱá
߾ϱ벩ˣһ̹ѣ
Ҳգǻôܹܹǰɡ
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֮ǰ˵ҪϳȥΪ̫̫󲻻ɢ
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Ҫ޹ܹ֮λó̫̫ǲͬģֲܲ˻ϵ棬䲻ҲǿӦˣֻǹΪ˵޹񻹸мء
ǡǿ֪Ϊ̫̫ƫϲ𣿡
ūҲֻ˵һѹ˵ϲ̫̫һƣ˸̫̫ڹܿڹϡ
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ҲѹֵҲҪػŲܽȳҶʱϸϸţĬɵ
Դ˻λ̫һңگ̫ҽͻ˵ʱ޶̫࣬ڸȻɢˣЩղ¸ҪְļΪսսһֵԼ
ὣ͸ɱЩ̫ǼŻҲǴҳһҶһڻǰɫ磬ʱʱȤ䡣
һһ亹ȴĴãֻ̾ϵֻҶá
ڻǰ鶯ϲߡ
͵͵̧˿˿˼֮ˣڷһ˿ڷ֮УԵݣ˪ѩĴҲɫǳΨüںڣȴʱſ˴ЩС
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ϾܹĹաҶʱЦĿȴ˪Ȼ˲ȥ˵ùȥ
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мԸȴֲҾֻܾÿһ˺ͷ
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СҶְǰǰģǰֻ̫࣬ƷǱ͵ְŶ


40 
ϲıѦҴС빬ΪʱźţѦ˾ֻպϱûĹ
ֻ˭һСС빬ģ󾹳˻ʹ̵ֱĻӵ˻ϣΪŮˣҲ˾ηϲ
һٻȴѦ̫ڹһݵ١
ڹǰΣ˵ǰܳһ磬ϲǸӲдˡ඾ĥ˫Ŀǣһʱ޶ģԱһ߰С̫ιҩȴҲǺȽȥ֣©߷֡
ҶʱʱľôΡ
ⷿζţ̧ס˿ڱǣߵС̫
Ұɡ
С̫Щ£ûʲô·Ҳܿǰ˵Ʒ֪Ҫ߳٣ǻ飬ҩݵҶʱУ
ūԱź𣿡
áҶʱ΢΢һЦһȥԶá
С̫䲻ȴҲԵɿͲߵԶԶģȴǷҪ͸Ŷ
˵뿪ٴαüž谵Ҷʱ꽫ҩϣȻҲûȣϲѳٶҲ˲ԣ˿ǰŰɫ֮ˣֻ֪ǸƷ̫࣬ɳƵʵ
ĸ
ϲǵ𣿡ҶʱսϸţȴҲҡͷ
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ǰϲ̣˶ˣȻǲҶʱƽͣϲȴȣ̣ǲ٣ȴˡ
ɫףһ˫ۺڰ׷ֻ񺮶˪ñûʲôȺϲ˸
㾿ǡδ䣬ϲ㾪˫ֻۣҶʱβĹӣҳ˸ľӣһĶ˴ϡ
˭ҪĶϲıɣô̫๬ùԼ
šŹҡϲȻ֪ﶼЩõĶֵ룬ȴҶʱץס˽ףûѶ˻Ļڶ
ǵҿʱôŹأ
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С̫ؿⲽ񣬲Ϊ˽ǲǸȥûͦġ
ⶼһʱ˰ɡ񲻶ԺţͷǺ̲סŵʱԺźؿˡ
Ҷɳˣæӭȥۼɫ࣬ûٶԣϲ
Ҷʱ겢ûشС̫࣬
Īȥ˵ϲУȥʰˡ
С̫Ȼɴ˫ۣص˵ͷתܣɫҲˢףûסȥһۣ˭֪һûˣٿҶʱҲЩη塣
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˵ϣȴ΢ʵҶʱ껹ûϢʹˣϲʱģһ
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ڶգҶʱѾԸı仯
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νĳͷ˭ֲ֪ڻϾڵɲ˭ܽģֻҪȥûκε
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߰ɡ
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ܸƵʻ仯岻䣬ǱŶллСɰӴ(ţ 3)


41 
Ҷʱջʱרȥ̫ʱ˵Ϊп̫˵˲强ձԲˡ
̫Ҷʱؾصߵݴ̫ΣȻ
֪
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Ǹ֮ˣֺαطҪȥ̫̫󣬻۵Ļ̫̫϶
ū޻˵Ҷʱʼû̧ͷƾ̫ﴦá
һǸµģȴ޷֮£ڻϸǰź򡣡̫ڶĸ֮ҲֻҶʱ꿪ƽϢ̫̫ŭ
ѣȥ¾췣
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Ҷʱл˶ȥĴһƷֻۣʣһ¶һ֮У֮ȡӡֻĿ⾡۵ףֱͦ˼裬ȴܵý
ԼŸյĶҪܲס˵ָָ㣬ս˫ȭָѷ˰ףɲϲ׽͸
¾ڣǷ˳ȲΥּ̫⣬ҲλڸɴֻֱȣҶʱģЦЦ
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һֱ̫̫󣬾̸֮⳯ڵҲٴá
˭׼㴩ѵġ߾üͷû޵ּ⣬˭ҲĨְ
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߾ҲδˣֻС¹һһײУ˲̫̫ߣֱûס˻
һһ˿úÿο»˵ίҶʱҲеЩͬûһ㣬ôɸ߾§ţ庢Ƶıź󱳡
Ҷʱ꿿ϣŸ߾;ýյƺҲûôѰˣ΢΢̧֧ͷ߾ϣļȻĿʹһ£ۻ˻ŵ
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ꡭ߾ϴȤض˸̬޶û㣬Ϲʲô
Ҷʱ˶٣ͷ˸߾ϵţܹūŵĴ˳嶯
˺ˡԴҶʱ̬ͻȻ⻹ǵһ ˹˳߾ϴʱ˿ﱻһֵˡ
Ҷʱл˫ۣеίȥдŻ֮ȥĳ


42 
Ҳǹ£Ҷʱһ֮¾ֺһһأձ㴫˳֮ϣŸ˼ȻҲ
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һ㶣˽ԼϲĴ΢΢һ飬æڨЦŽӵ
Ҷ˵Цˡѹɤӣֻж˲ҹһϣ빫Цɡ
Ҷʱбһۣÿɷ񣬿ⲻܱǽܣһЦ˼¿ϽӦûգиˡ
룬ūŻὫ¸߻ϵġ
߾æµҶʱҲУҹ֮Ѳź˸߾ޣҶʱܻطϢһſڱӰһЦ
ˡ
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Ҷʱ˲ٹеУĿСһ㣬ȴ߾ˣ㣬ʲ˲ɵú͡
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лֱ˵
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˼գҶʱ߾̯˵ŷ֮ʱȻп
ϣۼūŵĸˣǶˬ
㡣߾бһۣû±ȥ͵й򹦷ôͻȻˡ
ⲻ˱ˡҶʱʰ۱ߵūϲҲ֪λ˽ˡ
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±Ҫһû뵽ǣһֱе̫ϻʲͻȻˡ


43 
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ͻŴϢҶʱһ뵽ȴڷصĻǱضҪٸϻҲ˵Ҫؾˣ
ʵЩǣ̫֮߳һֱڹУӸͲˣһǰᵽ˱𹬣ԻʵǸ˸ĵط
ӸԨ˵Χʱˤױסһ˫ȴˣҶʱ֪˵׻Ϊ˸߾ϡ
߻仹ףԴ߾ϵǻ㽫ĸӷ룬Ǿȥ˷ء
ôһֻʣ¸߳൱ƽƽ
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ֺγ֪߳̾Դ˴νҴסйݣҪ֮ʱҲҵĴ㣬Ҳˡ
ˣɸ߾ѵǻλ֮ϲһ±ܶɱ׶Ҷʱĸ߸ţʮֲ
լԺʵ̫ȫֻۣȻȥɸɾˣլﵱԺ
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ˣһҹҶʱһ۾ôûԵЩ˼֮飬շת༸δߡ


44 
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̼ǵ껹һҲɴˣӿǳ˲٣Ҫ޻Ҫˡ
ϿɱȡЦˡ߳ЦţĿȴЩƵģػҲ֪ģ˰գ˻ϣܿúܡ˴λؾûЩ⳼ܵȼü֮ء
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μܶݣ߳Ҷʱ˶ûпԷһֱۣ߳ȥҶʱǰī
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ǰҶʱֻӦţӻڵȸ߾ϼ˵
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һİĸоӼϴ˲㽫ͷԳﲻ֪ˣֲ֪ȥֻ̱ӽŵسš
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Ҷʱ˫Ŷʼ岻»ȴֱǯƣݵʵֱסʼغǴȴ׷ϵֻ΢΢ӭϰ㽫˫ϡ
֪ȥ˶ã߳طſ˫뿪һ˲Ҷʱһգʧȥ֧Ű㣬ֱֱ۷ֹͣ˻䡣
߳ĴָùҶʱĴǣȥ嶯Ķ˶Ƭ̣Щر۾ŬƽϢʹϢһʱž
Ҷʱ꼫Լƽ ǰ˫պͿɤӵͷ˼ٴ̧
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˿ԼҲȷһֱʴǰ˼ĵʲô
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ʲô߳罫ת˹һӨƣȥؿۣǺܳ㡣



45 
Ҷʱ֮һ𣬵ʱЩңһʱͷȴջǾ
ʱ͡Ҷʱ꾪̲͵͵̧۸߳磬ֻԶƣȴǺ뷨
Ӿţһ˫߬ס½ǣֳƬ̣ǹſ˿ڣȴӬ
֪¿ɷЩԡ޴뵽ЩĿİͰͣūšūǽǶﴫ
Ƭ̣һƬžҶʱ겻̧ͷֻиձ´汻һ룬Ҫӱһ˼Сһ
˺ˣˡ߳۵üϽﰲ˳˳Ϊ࣬ЩԡڹٱʱһԼǺ˼ɻδ߳ұˣôͽ˸߾ϵߣΣպί
߳ƳöƣⶫԼ
ƼŸ߾ϸĶܲգ֪Լ˵⣬ҶʱҪⶫժ
ǲ࣬ԼƾһʱԽΣ֮߳簵ҧһҪⶫҵ÷鲻ɡ
ҶʱЩӱܵصͷԼĽż⿴˼ָοڡ
ϾЩʵ٣߾ȷʵЩѰ˼ûУ
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̫ϻʵ޹УΪȴǾ̫̫ɻӹǶ氧˵عţ˵ײڵһ
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ο͢ڷԶϵһһؾҪ£͢ڲյִҴҸϻػʳǣһµĳͶһ˵Ҳơ
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ո˳꣬ʪϢǵûнƣѲҹ·ƫȴŴգипţҶϲû뵽Ҳߡ
˭ҲûעһֱСűƿһ죬һӰŷмֽŲźۼϣתʧ˹ǽ֮ȥķ߳бĳƵ
Ƶ߳ԭ޹Դ򶫹û˺һһֱڴˣǰչɥ߾ϲ볯йֻۣ˸߳һ˳ɥһֹ˻ȥ
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Ƶг̵ˣ߳΢˫ۣò󲻽ʧɫ
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46 
һ˲߳лҶʱǰּģɶһδǰķƣһ۷
ūŲμ¡Ҷʱ겻д񣬱ֻǵ¿Ҹ˵ĵط
߳вԣɫȻв˵֮£ͷ

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صҲǲһֱڹеġ
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вأʱ޶ˡҶʱɬ˵Ŵ󲻾ĻЩԭ̫ڸ˶ԵĻϣģΨ
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ҵעҶȾҵ޶
Ҷʱһæ߳УĿֱֱݸ߳£Ҫ֪ƾūǾȲģūŴ˴뾡һԣ뽫С¾ȳȥ
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ѵ̫ˣҶʱҴȥصƫμ˳ͤаŵġ
֮ͤ󶼶ΪԾǾδΪֻ˸˾ʮĶָʹǺͻʳǵرУ͸Ҷʱ±ࡣ
ڶѵϢʮգһ뵽Ҫʵʩļƻص˹լӡ
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ҶʱƣӣԸ˵ȻЩˮϴԻص޷޷ƿš
ȻһӰͺһԥתܣɻûܳȥֻһ˱һ˻ȥ
ء
׼챻סҶʱ걾ǺȻɵ󱳽˶ԷţȵĴкϤϢһ漴˼ƺǸܵķɣ֮˵͵Цɿ˫֡
̫ѵˡ
ҶʱתȻһ˫Ϥӣϲȴδʣ֪˿ɻǲԾѹɤ
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ΪΣ
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֮ףڶ߱ΪǸҶǾ¶ΪУǻʵҲ׳֮
ǵ±ǰǲġҶʱͻȻˣѦҵĵ˲ǵµѡ
ԣάմ״ʣٸýһү
Ҷʱһ¶ϲɫǲھ磿
߳ЦЦ̲סҶʱԴǱ룬ҲҪЩĸԸС
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47 
յأͲΪ²ģ֮Լ졣߳ͻȻߴκͿļҶʱʱЩѹȸУͻȻһ˫ϸƺص
߾ǲǶ㷹ԣݡ
ڴ֮иԵСɣЩֲڵĴָ΢΢ʩɨ˱ϴα㷢ˣǵĴɫֻҪЩһ˫ϼ֣ΪЩƽ˼ɫ
ֱʱϴγζⲻڶзץţǲüǿ˸ղ䶼һ˵£תȴ컵Ĵɫ
Ŭάֵģ߳ľٶƣɲǼ͵Ȼ޴棬ҶʱظеԼȵֻƺճúбЩѡ
סŵһ£һĿѣССڴ˫۱ϣһ΢ŵ۽ޣʾĵĻš
еȵϢ𽥿Ҷʱ̲סɪһ£漴ģһ¡¡£ǱϸϸƷζһòţؿ͵ķ
ѵˮϸȻ㣬ҶʱеıϢʼأŶյ˫˿̲סһʧص˲䱻ǿƵӶᡣ
ǺҪһ㣬ҵĹЩµȴ֪ССӵع֮΢΢һʹϢӾ硣
Ҷʱļһ̶һֻԾ们룬̵΢ļһɪЩ̱ļ˲ֱһ˫޴ʸ޴Ѱţֻý߬ѰЩ֧š
ҶʱܸеƵƴս֪ᷢʲôﺦ̲סЩı䲻ø
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ͬһˮ˲ҵĶѹ
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⻰ҶʱŷȥǰæҶʱȫ޸ղŻҵģ΢΢׺󻺲λ
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ĨЦԭֻû͵ĸ߾˺֮ģһ쵽ǰ˻Ρ
ǰͻȻζĶ̫Ҷʱʱعһ²žԼ˿鷿֮Уеį֮̄Уīǰ˼źڡ
ʲôأ߾ֵĿǱģ˸˲˵


48 
ūšûʲôҶʱ񣬿ȣյһĨȴ޷Ƶģֻװ˼ز˲ϵīµ
ūŸղżͷϦбչһĸڻĮӳ˲׽ϼ⣬΢΢ü֮ȴ̡
Ҳ֪ʲôʱԸ߾ϵʣٻֵ̿ȥ뾿ô˵Լʵ뷨治ɫͬڣϦþôһ˵ȴ޷졣
ֻֻ֪ⷬҲ˸߾ϵĻ䣬չزս֮أ˼ĵط
ֻҶʱ껹Щ꣬ȴ࣬ѲƵʱŮӰɸɾдЩ䵭
߾Դǻ˵Щ鳤֮£˿ǰķٿһۣһ嶯ֻ뽫ǰ֮ӵ뻳С
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ǳ֮ƤѢǹͷաϢ
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49 
ƫУҶʱ⿴˿ߵֹ
Ǹɫģæ³ȥˣֵӰʧǰſʵ
Сƺ˵ףֶ˶٣ˣ
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Ҷʱ꿴粻ģ֪أתΪ˱裬Ц
̫ҽģ ֻǲ̿ôСĺɥһѡ
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־ǰ׽͸İвЩڡ
һֱǽ̫ҽѵġҶʱȰοţҴһΪʲôҲһеù̫ҽʲôء
Ҳ˼񲻸ٽѶ˵ڣҶƺ˯ò̫ãһΪӰɡ
̫ҽ֮Ψ˵Ѷ֣Щʱ˵ȵգұػϤ֪ҶʱӹֵӱܣԼ
գա
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Ҷģ֪ء
ߺһˣһصؽϣӻͳ˼żӣ

ȻڹԱ֮вٰߣԴǸ֪κ󣬡ƺʹˣ֮˾𽥶
ÿ֪Щ˼ĹԱģٵģµģǮƶķᣬ٣ѡһȥ˶ѵĪҶڴӦǴӦˣǱʮþȵġ
֪Ȼ֪ȻأֻҪԹʵģҲĬʮ㣬ԡ
Ҷʱһ״سһ
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ʽΪأعգ˵ҶʱΪǰ󹫹ǱҪеģǰȴһС˸߾ϲݽƲ˹Уɣ˭ָۡ
ʼ˻ʳǣʱӦѵѻ£ҶʱվھĵУۼͷס˶Ψһһ˿ů⣬һͻȻ˸
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񡣡ҹ׼ʳˡ
ôԷأŪɡɫȷʵЩãڹзƣҪ̫ҽƣ
˵ˣҶʱз΢΢תͷ΢е˫۱ŷĿ⣬ɵһæ
ū֪ˡ
ҽˡҶʱĿ⣬ǼΪƣǶڣҲЪЪɣҹҪš
²ٶæȥŵصС̫ǲҪƫٴҶùͷ
ҹĻĽ٣˼Сѩһʱֻ֮ʣɳɳ죬ƽҶʱվڷ£ָǵ⣬ͬԨļž
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һĵͻͻȻҶʱͷֻʢװ磬ʶĿȴ˫ؿŸ߳ߵߣûһƵ£Ƿ֡
˽һ˫֣Ҷʱۿһᣬĵ׶Լ˼βžܷȻȻɬ
պ󵫷ūڣػỤС°ȡ
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Ҷʱҧҡҡͷӻȡһֻ״ƿذ׿˵ݣūȡⶾҩֻʹ࣬áȫʬ
öҩзյģϾҪԾļ󣬿ɶҩⲻѾõĸ߳пԵõģҶʱѹ˹أ˶ҩǰ
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ͬһˣ˫ϥأ޵ĴţŲ֪Щʲôȴؿͷĺ⣬ɺ˫ۺݺݵҶʱ꿴˹


50 

͢ȣԲ֮ʱڵĲȺǺоĲ裬ЩѺ¸ġ
ԴԸ߳ԼĻмżҲǱϹϾȻӡ̫̣ҶʱԼгһնҪǵĶ飬ȴûĽ֡
ڵĶûˣ˭ôһ£Ŀʼնϣ˫߬ýϵһ̾ͻڱһ㡣
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ҪĳҶʱݺ˵ϣľʹһ˲
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51 
ĸ߳磬ƻάٴеͣ뷽跨׼һ棬ɻδȵϢرˡ
رͳɺ˴θѽյδ£ɽнеһЩˮԴѸɺԣغѡ
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Ѿȥš
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52 
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ڶּ֮ܲʱҶʱȴˣ߾Ϸ޵յ²֪ϵ޵Ȼ˭ܽģֻ͹չˣ±㽫ķ׷Ŷһɶ
Ҳֵ֪ҩﵽʲôҶʱʵʵ˸ԺżʱҲͦãʲôÿܹĵش˯
ϸ㣬ϴ˯˰ȣͬסڳлУ಻֮£ȴģҶʱ仳ʱʲô¶е£֮ͬеĸоôãͬҰġ
ͬҰʱ̽ţһȥԲһԣȥαװһ٣ñȥһѡ
ۡ
ֿʼȣҶʱշת࣬ˮʪ˶ǰ鷢ϵļ±͸ɫڱǼϢʵᴭţʱʱطһЩԵ߽
ͻȻһһʪĸо͸˹ݵİȣϵ΢ƽЩ
ôͻȻˡһڶ̾ϢⲡҲá
ϱȶ͸ߣһˮĸоٴλҶʱ̾һ
ʵ߳µȷǷ㲻ɣޡЩ˽档
ϵ˺üߵҲ϶˵ãֻҶʱ겻̫ȥϸ룬Щüͷ
֪ʱЪȶҲȥЩҶʱʶ߿ûڣ˫ۣͻȻ˿Ϣһ˫֮ͻȻһĴС
Ȼ
Ҷʱڱµ˫˲ץ˴ͼ΢ǱĦţԸе𽥼٣ϵҲأҶֻۣüװ˯Ψֱ޹İ˵
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ش֮£ͷһҳд£漸ҳȫΪһ˽֣˻֮١
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53 
ܲһֱţ˲ʮպҶʱġ顱ȶ̫̫õϢ٣ø߾ϸ˻ȥ
ʮո߾ֻҪÿձߣ˯˾߶߶ЩԳѱֲֻᡣ
ȴ֪ʱҶʱ겢˯ţЩȴҲ˲١
߾ԽҶʱѣЩνȨǰһڲ˼׼Ȼ˼ȴΪλΪ̫̫ⲡ˾ͽ׹ԭԼڸ߾ȻЩô
ҶʲôأЩС󲡳˼
ѺõòˡԷЩΣ
лЩ˵ٻػߡ͵͵ںҶʱ꣬üҲŵĳ˼ҲûˣҶʱж˲ٰıУЩҼϢ
ǳȥҶʱ겢ֻԴȥӪͤϢûٳҲ֪еεزǳ˵¿˵绢еļƻܶǰ
βܳȥ
ıӻֻҪ̤޹̫̫ϾܽߣҶʱ꿴񣬿ֻܾܰæˡ
ȥˡ
ͤˣЩ죬תһӦþͺϤ漴ʲô¾ܷԸ
ӦǽջջڽӪ˵δլӣæȥɻף˳ҽ⼸µĹǮ˽ˡ
ͽ˻
˵ģһжףǮյ˵ڹլտţĻˣɽˡ
Ҷʱ꿴ƽشãеȻٵ
յģµİö
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Ǵһ·Ǵ¶ĸ߳硢˾ҹ԰
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ÿʱ򣬲ڴ˴гյΧԣ֮ʱһϲһǿõĻᡣ
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ϴԼʱ԰ۼڲݴ﷢һֻɱҰãһϻ֧
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׼˳ǰȥӡǼǰУͻǰһХ˶һ㣬ȥ
ԼԶһʯ棬һֻëɫ쵵ĴƺᵽΣգһֱصͺⲽ
Хػ˾ҹ
Ȼһ㽥ֻһƥͨĸߴ׶֮ǰĵףüĿһӢˬ佫ˡ
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褻ӱһ֧ڹϣҶ׼ϻ֧ҪҪȻԼͻվ
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һ˽֣ͻȻһʹͻȻХһ˹ȥƥܾȻ̧ǰƷ鼱֮Ծס˫ɿ˹ңһ̷ɳббͻ󱳣ȴδ˼Ҫֻ䶯һ˲һŭХΪ͡
褰вãƥѾܿƵؽƷڵأ󴥵صһ˲䣬ѰγϵȥĽ滮ͻ˹ǰצ
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ͻȻһХһֱԷɳֱֱûͻֱ֮Ӵ͸෭ڵأ褷Ӧ췭ϣѸٲһϻһڵϳ鴤ûвڵϴ˼·𣬽䱸شԶŹĲ֮͡
ΧԳǲģٿΧڣ˵ǽӽң˿Ѱǧһ֮ʳ֣δ̫ɡ
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л³ȡ
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л˵
(F) L521֣ǰǣ


54 
˵Ϊ߳ǸʵܵԶ̬ŵÿνǼ͡
һ֣̱㹴ĵʮļ䣬׺ڽʿľһشûģһѪֱӿͷӦ֮дѪĽѵ˸߳ļϡ
ĲݴȻ԰ѳʣֱ褺󱳣ȴ߳һֹ΢΢бһۣҲ뵽ֻǰ
书ղһȫԶ㿪Ȼ߳΢˿ƺƶἴ֡
ʲôֱɱ𣿡
үֲǷǵĳ嶯֮ˡ߳治ɫȴԴǳϿңҼȸǱضúүµɡ
ǰոߣǵϵĵܵܣȥ˼侲ֽƿ뽣ת
¸ղž˳һǼ뿪ٿҲ͵ûǡһʿ֪ǵݣͲܱ֤Ƿܻ߳ȥˡ
Ҽкξ塣߳үûôܺ޴ˣ
仰ͬһϸ褵ۣȴе񾭡
תֱֱ߳磬
Ѹǹ׶ۣո߲չˣֺαٿ鷳
ǺүΪ֮˭ǹ˸𣿡ղһ˲ĳɱ߳ز׽ǳϸϸ
˼ŵڣλ˳ƫֻԸԹ٣Ϊ²ƽֱ֮ԡ
ϺүĹΪϹᣬֻΪȨýɽΣڲˣͨԴγýӪ
үֿƵô±Ϊǧȫͽ˲ѦһûС
ѦһԼв벻ıϣס֣ǽڽ˰ף
˵ȥ
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߳翴һѾͻֵ
ֻͣҪҶЭܽһ
˫΢ûд𻰡
˵ôãүȥ𣿡߳΢ЦԶԣзݴҪ
Ѧʵ󣬽Ϣ͸¶گʹɽЩʮʿսǲкΪ䶥ȫҰɥȪ֤߳ɽһѹ褼Ϣ
⡱
ô꣬ûв֮û뵽ѦҾȻ˴󵨣ΪȨΪƾɥĲĵز
ΪĸףЩֶ׵ܰļλǲСҸηһ󲻹Ǽҹƽȴû뵽˵ֲ̰˹𣬿кδ޹Ľʿֺδ
̫ʹ࣬ΪӲҲ˺ۿڰϵģ߳ġ񡱡
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˳ؽ׵ľɲһ
ɽˣͱʾԸΪ߳հıȨȻֻһϿǵʱ䡣
褶űã˫ĿѲѪ˿ԥƬֽ̣Ƕģѵۡ
߳˲ɾͷһվ˸ڶ첻͵뿪ֻʱĻʱ̸Ц
Ҳжһ䱸͸ˬʣ
˴εԶȴдܣʵ
ү֮ͨҡͬˣжصԴлףвʱԼɽıʿ벮䲻ѦľԿҲǣá
һֱڸ߳࣬ȴ粻һ԰λСֵżȥǿԶ¼ա
һٱӰ԰ѵõصɴ˫ۣ褣ֿ˸߳磬еĲԶ׼
߳Ҳһݣѵ褻Ҫʲɣ
תһ룬԰ݲδ¶һĸСҲܴǣԼ
ɫԱ䣬һЦ
ҼСֵ̺ǲ¾ͿϧˣٿûУݶ࣬ҽԭҲͬ
ת԰ûľһ㶢ǵ̣Ƶ˲δ˼ֻûкúƲŵ°̺ԣЩ¾ɣ޺ۼȴܵôĿ
ܡ԰ͷݺݵŤ褵ߣȴȻǿվԭδһ¡ϵ£δкβףҲӲ˾ֻϧĿ⣬褼ȷǺ棬ͬ飬ƺΪβҽһ㣬ѿ֮⡣
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ҪԼ˼
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ҶȵЩỽ峴źʮˬڣҪԣ
عҶʱ꽫Ѻ˴ϣתͷеźѩ࣬ӼһУɸͻȻһʹһü
ֻʹһһ٣ٴ׼ź£һ絶ʰʹӸϮһѩ׵ź£亹ð˳
ҶЩԾæлյĿһҶʱѪɫɫʹı飬ʱ
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߾һȻ˵ʲô˵¶


55 
ҶʱŬ۾һ죬˶׷¹ĳ棬ֻ߾ߵǰһѽק
ģ
ʱ˽ţԩȴԵʮֲ԰ף߾⡣
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ⶾüĿǺζ顣̫ҽæ±ţҺȵò࣬ҩ֮ǡ
ԣ߾ϲжͷص˫ĿȺؿŹһصˣ侲¶ָ
Ҷʱ껰л벻Ȼ߾ԼҲΪⶾ²ǴȶǸ¡
߾ɫȴڴزȥҶʱͷĺˮһ˫У봫Щů
Ҷʱܸо˭һ仰Ҳ˵ǵʹѺľеֱɬҩιУǼȵ۽òôҲҩ˻˯ãҲѣ־ʼû磬˳˯֮С
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ԲԺ˵ʱұؾ֪
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ǰŵһˮѹཹཱུðݣҶʱ˫ֱֱؿˮֺûзһȻš
ôĲɵģЩ٩ڱҶʱ껹û˼ȫ룬عͷһ˫Щ̵ֻ۾ô˸߾ϵУЦϡ
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57 
бһŴѹ˺Уһʵţһȴȵڶ
Ҫɱ㣬
лѩںڰٿȻɴ˫ۣؽһȥ
ڰ֮УֻԼԼٵĺǸ֪Ĵڡ
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һĻлѩֹסؿ̧ס죬Լʶʱ򷢳ֵؿߵĴ߾𳤽ݺݵ˹ı֮ϣ
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ҶʱƿĴ⿴ȥ˿·һУһΪţĳͨնҲǲ෹̸ʶѣ˭ΪǺθɣ
Ҷʱ꿴ĳĵǸ߸ߵΣԼȴڴ˿ٴη룬֪ɷټһգоͷһ󲻿״ʹ뺦¡
ǵģ亦¾ʹ˱ϾΪӽضҪͼҵԼС˼ô΢һ죬Ǳܶһһհɣܺù
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ּ⣬ߡ
ģ쵽ʱԼ߽ȥ¶档
ɣ԰תһ˵ӣת˳ţҵͽ㰲ȫ͵ϣǻʹ
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԰ŷ֣Ҷʱо֪ʱһذףĿڣ·ĲƺѾ˼ޣµ˿ѾѳϸСѿڡ
֮ǰҾܽذ׶԰
ҵȻ֪һ·ʱʱ̿̿ס𣿡Ҷʱֱֱؿ԰ȫȻ޾壬¼ȻҲ϶Ϊ书ãʵ֪Ϊλȥı⡣
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ѵ߾ΪһѦõϢͻɱţ
˵ѦȴΪһ󻼣ñм˲ɲʹֱ֮ӶԿҲɽǣơ
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¿ش˷߾ϣǸּˣȴܷţرؾ빬ڡ
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ʱҶͺˣض治ɫ߽ȥȻʲô˵ͶʰЩƬŭͻὥɢȥ
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أţǱƺЩ۵ڣûƵһߵŴһʱ˫ۣ
үү
ţһĿصĹſһ죬̽һɵסˡ
һϮīͷ˿һӵľ˸򵥵ķ٣ô˳ɢţޱ鷢΢ַ£һλҹһ㣬ЩƲۡ
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(F)簲رлСɰǿһ¾ɣ


60 
үǷƭ֪ˡ
æүλ֮ǰǰҶһֱźµġ
ŵĽһ˼˵ϵ˼Ҳǲܵͷλ˵ͷ˲׼ǽȥ̵̫ӦҲǶҶʱ
ȥɡ
ҶʱлȥŹϵһ˲䣬ֻǽе
˶ͲԶ㣬⻹иԼײġ
ҲǸİɡ
壿
Ҷʱһ۾Ѿ񣬡
ͷô˰ˣοĿˡ
ҵĲˡҶʱ꿴˿еİ΢΢һЦҾ룬֮˻ʹûһȥĵطҺԴţôˡ
ˣɾͳȥˡ
ҲȥˡҶʱתͷѽĹţ̾
˾ӳȥΣעһ¶޿
ˣɽ˹ֲ֪ԼȥĶ˼ȥֻлص˳
Ҳ޷ֻҪͬķڣһգνʲôĽ֡
ʱꣿ
ﲻѵҶʱͷǷ˿Ѫ˿ĸ߾ϣʧҵδģҲɵЩζӳ¡
Ҷʱ죬ȴֲ֪γƺźãǰ߾ϵƢԽ¶Ҫһŭ
ƺǿΪѣ߾ϿЦһ£
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񾪵òݵǽСƺһ£Ҷǲһ㣬ɫĽ˵ȥʰһصƬͶദ
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ūֻԸ̷ңҶʱȴ˵ϣū˾أǿԸҲѳ档
һ仰ǻĸ߾ϣ뵽Լٶﻹ⣬һ
ֽ˰գָ΢Ž£
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Ҷʱ빬ǵ죬öÿնʱʽҲܺãû˿
ԴҶʱˣ˿һߣص
ҶҲˣǳԵ·Ҳ˯žҲսʱǰŭ
Դ֮󣿡Ҷʱܾﲻ̫ԣʵҽʱвƬиϵȴþϸ롣
ôһ˵ūˡͻȻ뵽ʲôͷյ¼ԲȣҵĶ˸飬ūҲҽȥһֱͷ˶Ƿſڡ
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˵߾ͻȻͨȻţͷҹ϶Ƿʲôĵ£ڴ֪ܵʲôأ
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빬ֻһһƫǲˣһ㹻ƫһֱδ̤
ҶʱΧƫһȦδʲô쳣ģȴƫһǽͷֺиš
ǽ빬ǽм߶ͷǸͬӲһƬưܣܾûǽУһƤ
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ʱͻȻͣˣɲǼûҶĴɳɳ֮²ӲҶϽŲԵøԣҶʱ꾡ش߹ȥһֱߵʯ·ϣһ
ܿ˿֮Ժһ࣬һж緽һ㣬񣬼㱻˿Ҳɽ˯ųɢ
Ųƫ߾ۿǱߣͻȻһСʯӹµµƫǱ߹ҡҡλεͣĽűߡ
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䶢ǶŲȴ󳷣춯ţرڣѣ䰵ӰЩζˣ
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Ҷʱн䱸һ˲ȫж£һ£ҿһۺᲽźڰȻпһµĸ߳磬վŵ˾ҹ
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㾹þ棬⣬ھ˾ҹߡ
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ʱһգϲ֪ūҲ֪߳ǰҶʱŲ˼ǿطڵϣūûʲôϢΩԸ¡
ҪѰ˳ɣ֪ǣһ˿ϵֻܻص߾ϵߡ
δ߳ȻԴֻƬ˼סֻıһţͬʹôײŵüãߣ߾ϵĻҪյϡ
ڳǴ󱦣±ԻΪ׵һ೼ӣ׻ﻰⶼ͸ŶҶʱһֱţվҪ׽ȥ¡
ҶʱͶ빬˲˵ģ˼ǣǾ˾ҹ뿪ʵ
һ棬Ϊպֲ֪õıЩԻƬΡ
߳̾һ߽ҶʱļĵĴļһᣬ
˼̫ءһεĵ̾ͷȥ˶Ȼȥ
 ֹˣū»ԭ򡣡ٵؽԼŵķ˵߳һʶؿǲš
Ȼһ˲䣬ҶʱѸվ˱µ֮£Ρ
߳һأȴǱ˻Ҷһֻջ˽Ų


61 
Ҷʱ֪ܲԼߣٻ̸ףŰӰһۣ̩ȻǺ߹ȥ
ҹɫã˯ųߡ
ŶҹأԱûһ
˵нԶ߳ɫؿӰߵ˿ĵط˫ֽսסղһ˲ĴУȴվͽ͡
߳Ĺִȴִţ⼸Ĵβ޷˵תͶվǣԼʧңһС
Ҫ֪˼ִղžͲ߳粻ɵغ룬ֱӴ˴ߡ
һŵ̾һֱһδ˾ҹڴ˼֮Уִ׻ߡ
߳˾ҹһۣڵİӰ俴Էı飬һ̶˶ԼͬؿǸš
顣߳ףܹһġ
µҶʱҲ˼ǧȻһ˼飬Ǿÿÿ֮ʱ߾ҪߣʹδйκԥҲֻȨһԼס
ɸ߳ÿƫִúܣʥּΥˣ˼Լ
˿Ҫ˭֪ĸ֮¡
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֮˶ǶԻʹָƣ̫̫Ѧҵƿ֮У˭
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⹬˾ҹԣб԰Ҳǿԣ߳˼Ȳ˵԰߾ʲôϵ˵췣Ŷ
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˾ҹ˸߳˼һ˿ǣ
£ڵаδ̫ðա
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ջͻȻ˵̫Ҫޣһֱס̫˳ȥҪ֪СסĹ˲ɵ͵͵Ħʥ⣬ⲻѰľٶƺʾʲô
ݵʳнЩʱŵСҲ˸죬ȡʱСĽһߣ˹еĴԣǿ翴һ㡣
˵ս빬źԸɼȻ˭ֲ˿ɱԼӦûպûˡ
ø߾Ϣ֮ʱҶʱ˸佫Եˣ̲סԹ
ҶȹҵҲ˵ӻţؽʲô˼ǾҪȥɾ°˵
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ɲŵĽ춼֪ˣ¿ɲ֪Ҳ͸˵˵Ҳи׼ɡ
ʥۣҶʱ¶ΣҶʱ꿴۲΢両һĨǣͻ˺˯
Ϊ֣ɣֻҪɱ֮߱߱ע˦ġ
ҶʱĿͻȻһݣѵΪǱ빬֮ˣ
ҹȻ춯
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Ҷʱ꽫ɣȣ߹͵͵۾ȴһ϶¹к룬ڵһֱĹߡ
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ҶʱƬ̻˫ۣ䣬ʱʱشĶ˯ŵĲֹһ
߾һ뵽ղ˴Ϣмȷֿܣ˯š
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ڵʱ֮£Ӳƴ֪Ǻ³ԽǱֳ߳Խ׶
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ҹֻҪҹ߳һⶼӭж⡣
߾϶ڴϣδصĴʱʱνһ紵ɢЩڵȣҲɢЩʱķơ
ϸ룬߳԰ɥĸһֱѧ˼ȡģʺ͵Ҳŭ䲻СС;ͶڳлС
߾ͻȻ侲ʼϸϸ˼ǲţͻȻһͷһʱ˫Ŀ΢סˡ
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߾˫üͻȻƲסؿ͵תͷ䡣
߳ӳлֻ꣬Ҷʱһ˷̣Ǹ߳һһùǡҲһˣ
˼ˣ߾ͻȻһ飬ͷƤЩ飬һƺ¶һ𣬸߾ԽԽƣֻһѪȫӿͷҲ޷ѹ֡
ҶʱȵĺĽԼѲ֪ҹûкú˯ȴ˫ĿҲ˯š
˫ٴγ˯֮ʱǰͻȻӰζֻ߾ϾִڵҶʱһϽ۾պá
⾲ÿ£ĦԵøҶʱԭɵ岻ɵÿʼΪǳġ
ͣߣƽʱصĺڶߣ̫߾һ׿΢
Ҷʱ겻ԣĬĬ˼һ£ƺߵһװ˯ӲŸ߾ϣӸնͻȻһۣһǯĴƺݺץסҶʱȻ˫ۣһ¿һ˫Ѫ˿ŭȼյó۾ضס

Ҷʱ̲סͺһʶؾҪѸ߾ϵԽϵԽҪĹͷһ㡣
£ʹһôˣ
˿ҲһĻʱɵۣһ˲뵽ǶλĴ̼ø߾ϵʧķ衣
ǰæɸ߾ȻһǷ·Ҫ˰ѹȸ겻壬Ų£˶˴ǡ
߾һԲŴһѽҶʱק𣬶ֱڼȥͺϧקҶʱֱӴӴˤʯذϣҧƺһվûԸϲ֪ʲôҶʱֻűʲôƤ⣬һʹϮ¿ʼû塣
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һ°ͱֲڵָǯסǿҶʱ꽫ͷתأ
㣡߾ؿھҵţǲǸ߳ˣ


62 
һ仰̫ͻȻͬһشֱؿڣûڻ֮еҶʱȻһһ˲Ļұ߾Ͼ۵ס
°ϵʹȻӾ磬Ҷʱ۽ǱƳˮ
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˵ǲ֪߳ǹӹŵļ󣬹˶ΪǸ֮ˣ㡭ߵһ˫۾ԲԣԲԣ
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һϧ㣬ԼţǿЦ
ӴקҶʱŽţֻһ£ק·ɢֻǿϡ
ղŵĺѹһƬӡӳھ׵ļϿżұޣ˺޲ںݺݵＸ£ļ϶ȾĨ˵졣
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һֱƴ˫ٴαѹƣ°ϵָٴʹҶʱ겻ſ˫ǼϢĴݼ
Ҷʱڵϱ˵ĽŴ˿ڷֿţŵþһţȾ˰߰Ѫɸվ⣬ֺµؿһĻ˼ɵһ㲻֪ηӦ
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Ҷʱڵõһʱѣڵشֻ룬߾Ͼôؿ̵ֻأȻһץסϻԨ
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ȥӽĸ󣬶ӽңĿʲô
һֱͤߵúܽǲΪ˸߳磬һ˽顣߾ϸӣʪȵϢ
ԭĿǲ߷
˵ţһִֻ·°ڻ룬Ĵ̲ס̾
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ҪɱҶ
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߾˼վȣͤǰһЦ
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ͤüͷһ岢Ļ֮
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֪ͤҶʱǷ񻹻ţתȥ̽ȫĽ䱸Ÿ߾ϣڽԥһ»Ƿ⹬˻û˿
߾Ͽ˶ߣЦһͻȻתסվŵһʿĲӣֻüëȻĹѵʿ߶ûüһûϢ
ڸղû֣㻹ܳһӢۡ
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63 
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߳翴ˣ˽ֱۣҶʱеһɣЩؿ߳磬ȴ˫۱һԡ


64 
Ҷʱʱ˼˸߾ϣԹ֣Ѫ
¡ūȷʵǱµˣһʼڣһֱǡҶʱ˻ƣʵūСǣֱƭ빬̫࣬ԭΪⱲӾֻˣû뵽ūȴŵȥ˸ڴĮҲˮ磬ȴҲūһŵġ
ѱѪ͸ȴôҲҶʱΪԼᣬ˫ȴɬ÷ۣ
˵ūûģûءֻūŵʵ̫Сװһ˾װ±ˡ
ŴԵĸ߳ȻͷҶʱи˹Ƕ֮δ߹⣬һжˮɰȻȻƫƫʱҶʱ˵Ļʹ顣
һ˫ֲŴӾȡöӨƣϵ̵ķ¾ãȴӵ⾰󣬴µ˸߾ð΢У
Բ𡣡
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СھӪи룬ȴǿΪֺԼ۵˯ѣǸдµ¶ֵǸڻĿ־ǰǼٵ
ת̫죬߾ϾԼת˸ɳرﷱƽĺľƺЩѡ˺þãżһ֦
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˶ߣ߳ȼйӣΪȼй𣿻ܾЩĲԣȴδڴ˿ɡ
ףڹٳʮ꣬ǸҸʵ˦ӵˣǰ˲ͬԼֶַϵ»ʣҲȻߵϹϵΪ֮ƻѰЩᾡ촦Ҷʱ꣬󻼡
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65 
ã⻰ƽʱ̩ɽǰɫĻҲõɴ˫ۣδ˵ʥй䡣
޸֮ʱʶһŮǣһá߳¶飬ǵ˼һ㣬޵ĸӶˣ첻ҽɽĹΪðլӣֻں갢ȥ޲Žӽӻ
⣬ԵҪӻعСԥʵǺĸĸϵģ
޿ĸŮ޵ӻ˸Ϊ׷λºᡣ
ܾ¶˿Ϸȴ͸˿Ź֣ӻع̫ҲܿױҲ
گηڰ£ÿηϷмƿͨҶʱ그µһ˹گļ֮ڡ
һ˿ûУֻмιյƴ΢Լ겻͸ḯζʹѾ˼Ȼʱʱشǻʡ
ҲⰲŹηʰʮָɾͷһջżֻ̽ͷ̽Ե󣬵ڶҲûٳֹ
Ҷʱ꿪ʼĬĬؼʱ䣬ɻ˯κҲ֪ҹ棬ֻججͷԶЩٶۡ
Ҷʱͷڳʪǽϣ޷ĳɢУϵ˿ɽѪ裬һԵĵݶһƿҩѷǶգȴδ
گľͷܰŲӺԶĵطܴʱҶʱ껹ΪŽŲЩӣƺֹһˡ
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ۡ
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͸ֱۡ߳۵˿ΪƤ˺ѵʹʹشţ˼ȴǰδеѡ
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ٴ̧ͷҶʱĿ֮Ѳ˱壬һ˫ηؿͬԼ˫Ŀ֮У˫ţ³֣
Ҹҡ
ߵĺȴ٣֪˭㵹˭˾ôȻȻؿһ޼ģ޹ˣö˽һ㱣˵غƲ˿־گ״ƹ䣬ȴںʱ𣬶ůļĳл
Ƶļ䷭ӿײؿڷʹۿָͣ顣
ز롣
Ǿ͡˽һء
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Ҷʱ˾ҹ˻һ棬Żһ޾׵ηģԼ׾֮ǰǺ˫ա
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ҶʱͷԼ·ϾմȾ˲Ѫɻָۼָ⣬žԭֱϵ˿ѱѡ
گָֻţе˾İ֪ͨ뵽ʲôطڵ棬á


66 
߳伱ȣ֪ҪҶʱԽںҪԵԽںٴγΪעĿĽ㣬Щһ֮Ѱһɳ֮
گ䲻ùȴֻҪϷ¸ͷͤ밲ȫݡ
ڣڶھι䣬ѿ鲻ǡǡǸ߳ϣģ׳˼һ漰֮˽Ĩȥ˹ְ˶ףҪѦ𣬵褽ŵѦ𣬵Ļָʹߣ˭֪زڹе̫̫
̫̫Դӱ߾ȻҩΪ飬ٴ߾Ѷҹ̱˰壬´Ҳ²ˡ
Σ߳ȻҪ̫̫һĸȰŲʰһ˿ë
ϵѦ̫ﻹܼٹ⣬ԭԸ̬ѿ񣬾˵仰һнľģ
߳ڴ齱ϣϸŲ飬ŹҪźţõҩ칫һԶҩ룬߳ϸ˹ιţ
ۻĸе黹Ҫ߳ιĵӲȥ̫̫ҩ֭
Ժ׫ʷ飬޾Ȼһ̫֮дȥʵ̫档
䣬߳翴ҩһ˿еת˲ȴԶ׼ɱ⣬Ȼ̧̫̫˿Ҳʧ
ŲдȻΪ缲ΣҲ˻ʼȻʵ棬ָָ̺㡣
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67 
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Ҷʱ꿴һĻļһһ۵ʱ칫ȻסĲӣѵëȻֻʹطˡļŻһöմȾѪԿף
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68 
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73 
ϵ޹صĲ˿¼ţ¶Ҳ̫ΣվʹԷǱߡ
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74 
ˡֻ߳ͬƽĸϣüͷ΢ôԣŴ˯ЩҪϷ纮
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75 
ͷŤһԵҶʱһҲЩ⣬⼸ﲻԳūţȴѹ
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76 
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ͻȻɵĴϢת˵Ҷʱ˲ͷͷƵĸ߿ݺ棬˲佩̶ֱ
һ޷ݵĸоҶʱ˵Ǽֻʹ࣬ûдϢʱ䣬ΪҵĶײͣЪϮˮ޷Ƶش۽ʪͷʪһʴɫ
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𣿡߳زȥѪ飬̲סȥ
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΢Цֱۻס߳磬Լ˫ûȥɽĴ⣬ЩԼ͹ˡ


77 
ϣм˺ܾáڽƽҶʱûǸռʱ˵Ļһ߳簵̾˿
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롣߳˵ţҶʱ꺹ʪķǿűʯӡڼϣĵΪ𪣬
԰Ժڣ֯Ϊʲֻǻһֱδ˼֣뷨
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Ͽͬȥչ˵£
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̫Уֻʮһ㣬Ѳԭķ绪̶̼˭䣬޾ɳ֮С
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Сǿ޹Ǹ˺ʧٵģʱ˵ȥҰ֥
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˵ʱʱػȥлޣһ˶ȥ
л̫૵ȥʻ
ȻܽҲûʲôʵʵϢһȷϵǣС˵̫к󣬵̫æȥ˻޹СҲû˼
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Σǽ᧿ΣĴѣҲɳҪûеԼӡԸȱ
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˼㣬ȴֻͽͣ˫ſһ΢ȵϢ˽
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ӭǹע΢ŶID߹


78 
鷿ֻл׺͸߳ˣѹֵŭԶ׼ǿӲͱˣ
ϣѵ㻹ҪصѦҵĸ𣡡
ʵϲ֮ʱ׾ʱگͻһش죬±Ҳ²ᡣ
رȻǾᡣ
߳һ˳ΪûŶãͼȥλô
رδȣ´Ѧԭľɲĺʱ
Ҳɲ֮߳Щ֪ͣǼΪģ֮ǰñĹٵһã
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ЩշͲף䰲ҲһЩͷ׾ױɿΨоǡ
Ҳò²ʱ
׻Ȱ˵ȴ߳粻͵죬ӲһӡǾô¶һ²ŷӦЩȻ
ںЩǲ֪ŻϱϾᣬҸŮʲô£Ҳ˳ӯ֮£ǰ̫˵Щ֮Ҳȷʮ⡣
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ĸŮȷŮɽҲǲɡ׹ֵ¾ȣԻϵҲӯ󹬣֦ɢҶˡ
޴δҹĸŮ߳ºͣдԶ׼ĺ⣬ĪҪʲôãгԺ̫ӣĻʵۡ
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֮ƼΪͳһƽ̾ı񣬶֮ʵƽգһЩıҪĻڹֻҪǷͽߣԷŻ硣
˾ٴοģƼҲ˳µؽ֪һְذսֳƿ죬衣
ƼȻмȫͤĹͣӣǻʵ۶Ҫӵˣ²Ϊ;ͤҲǸԼ·ŵġ
Ǹ羰ĸطԹű˲īͶڴˣҶ࣬ҲԽ࣬⸻̱ٸ֮˵ơ
ԴƼ֪żҪӵ̤ƽˣƼö˼㰴ǰ֪ĽЩҪļ
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ǣ˷ģǰ´ҲԬ΢΢һЦһоڲС


79 
ۼѸ֪ú֨ѽһ죬һӰһһſڵձ
СȥˣӺúܡ
һѰĻƼԬȼȣ˶͸¶Զ׼һ˿˿
Ƶıһİߣ߻ŸԬᣬҪظˣԬҲĲ԰
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Ԭ³ŻƼվܴһ˿ǸۼͥԺ֮⣬Ҳʲôرġ
Ԭᵹᳵ·ǰǰŵƻС¥ƿ˴Ź

Ƽһ̤ȥڲõĸûʣҲڷžµСһŴŶֻһͼֵƵ˿ת΢΢һ
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ƿһųϢ˽϶꣬ΪʪĸоЩʣҲǺǸֻĵ׵ˡ
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ƼطÿνңڣԬ˿ģÿͰɽ᰷Ƹֲ꣬˼
ֻѰ࣬͸ʧһ㣬û¶Ҳûٰɽ᰹
Ƽǳ˼ǵζץӷһ㣬ǻŵ֪棬޲ֱ嵽Էȥɽᰡ
ֹ˼ʵͣԬʳ˿ڣ
ڸأôͰѱˡ
Ԭһ˵ؼүղˡ
˾͡Ƽһһ˺󽫲豭صˤϣĪǸ˼Ӱɣ
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㿴Űš
⡭ԬһΪѣˣ¹ٲȥֻɽ᰹ļǮʵ̫ߡ
˵Ԭḽ˵˸Ƽɫʱͱˡ
һⰲ׵ģδһһ壬֪Լһµٺ»һġ
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һֹȥ죬Ƽ֮ʣǶСֳ˸լţƼڴԷڵǶС¥ƿȴԭأڲ˼ĺɽ᰹ǿɫЩ԰ףȴŹЦ⡣
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ʹ˹õòˡҶʱ깪
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ȫ죬ֻŷֺ켴ɡ
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˼𣬻ƼԼ뷨һھЩҲкô˵ģδԼҲ˼
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80 
̵ĽȻǺǴƼжֿ˻һ˵ɽᰣԷסϸһصҲ⡣
˼޹ǵɽ᰷֮ǰǰĲɡ
ƼƱ˼ɽǰı޹ǵַϻƼģٱι˽ȥԹ
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ɽᰣԷĶ
ɽһĿתɻ󣬵Խ
ԷǷ¥ȻʲôСɽᰴսƼĶ
볢ʣūҸſɺã
ƼԴͷһֱ뵹ԻҲͶ뷨Ǳɽǰȥš
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篼ˡ
Ƽ΢΢üͷ˵ЩģҲΣһ˫ĵ˫Զ˫Ķ
˵׾˪ʤѩķǣŵЩζ
˳ҲƼ֣ԭЩ篸Ͻǰʹ˻ֺһʱ䷿дɫޱߡ
û뵽˾ζƼѻǵûϨ𷴶ңŻĮ篰շת˶Щͣ޲ڽ
˭֪ʲôʲôջתۼԬ˵үϵҪ̸ҹԷ̡
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Ҷʱ˿ѾûƼ߲ƣҪʲôȴǺͷʵڲãǾġ
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81 
Ȼһֲش뾩ǣ߳ȻؿǰĻףи
ϣȻʵʱƲȾûпѡڶŮϵڣֻŻѡŵóޣȥЩŹװ껪
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һǸʱƵģȻҲĶһλⱾҲǸѭ浸صλãй޹ǡ
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ϣһû̲סǺظϽǰģ˸԰񣬶ת
ϣƽϣмλѹ˻Ҳû˼ңּһ¿ҪԹ
Ǵ͵Ŀɳʱ޻Ϊָ飬ػԴϲ߳ͺһӦ硣
ɫ࣬˰ʹļ׵ʹ
Ҫ˸߼ҵĻʳ
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ǺͿ˰ɡ˵æתͬɫٿĸ߳磬µ
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Ҳ֪Լһʱŭ˵˻뽭عһ𣬿ɵڳ˼˵ĺ֮޶µĶ˺󱳶ѱ亹ʪȴ˸̧ͷ
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˵ŹÿﶼЩԼС˼Ψ͵ﻶЦ¾á
߳˾ҹѾҪˣͷ˲٣Ҳ࣬лѩ˾ҹ˲ԶԶŸ߳ˣЦϡ
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յѧúܺãϰʱӦ硣лѩУһ˫ֽؽܽУասϼң˲ټʳĻٳԲҪģ֪˽տпҼһۣ
лѩһ˵꣬ǹ˼˾ҹûϻӦ̧ͷЩżزһ䣬

˾ҹû뵽лѩȥгԷϺƣԶ׼Ľš
˾ҹ룬նڵߣԼƺ˵ͬŶûУܾĻ߲˵ڣǵ˵ͷ
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лѩЩϲٽЩżͻȻһɣ
ˡ
⻰һ䣬ЩȵϢԶˣлѩᲲΧȹЦ
ȥȡ


82 
̫ϰĲһлѩ̳̳ϻд֣꺮á
˾ҹһƲ࣬ȴ꺮ãլԺƷЩģĪǴɡ
˵˳ԷȴֻҳСˣĪЦ
˾ҹҡҡͷҳζδˡ
Ǵ˿ԸĻô˵˿ڣһлѩԼҲסˣЩ΢죬
ҪǴ˾ŻܳԵĻ
ǲڹ˾ҹýյлѩܲһ˲پнദҲ˾ҹͷɫζȫĲԵ
û뵽˺á
ҡҲѰɣлѩ̽˵΢ɿĳƺδ̫裬ֲڹ㻽ѩͺãҿɷ㡭˾ҹ
վڵԼҵϣлѩĵҲ˲٣žƹѲ˵ģƫûס
ֻˣ׷ԵñŤ˾ҹǺЦ˵ͷлѩһ˲䶨סˣ˱ܾ׼ȴû˾ҹ׾ʹӦˡ
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־ڴˡ˾ҹ˾ƵĶ˶٣һڸˡ
лѩһ˫ۼû뿪˾ҹȻҲ׽һ˿ȻҲһЩƮ
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83 
޵֮ԹȻڵڶ֮ǰǳһε̰ӹȻǲظ˵̡
Һüʱ޲ЩڱԭԤƵС˲٣ֻ֮һӣѿһˣ˸ɸɾ
Ϊ֮ƽͣˮλ䣬Σ
˵һӼ٣ҶʱԹؽ԰³Էһʱؼүͬ㱻̣ʯƽ񣬾ǮľǮĳ޽
ֻϧȴǱ˵֡崨ЦеָԼȥˣܵĶҲöīıʯȻģҲϲǹӡ
ҶʱüָⲻԾ˶һ£ǰȷٲΪ֪ĺ£ҲӦģҲŵǲ䡣
崨Цţȴδ׷ȥЩ鲻֪ġ
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84 
Ʊѵͬʱ崨Ŷ룬ûжƼһһֻǴҶʱ⣬Զȭ
Ӿĸ˲ûƼ׹ѣȭͷ˿յԴ˵һ¾͵ȥֱͷײضŸˡ
ƼżѪĶͷײվȣ̧һҶʱ꿴Ŀ֮⣬ǻŵЦŭʣ
㾹ҰңҪԣҪƼѾŭ״Σְ˼ϵһҶʱȥ崨üͷ΢һֱ̧һصҶ㱻ɨڷ䡣
ˣ˰Ƽ崨еĽ󺧣ֵش󺰣ֳô󶯾ȴһǰ鿴
ƴ˱ˣôﲻ𣿡Ҷʱƿ崨Ĳſվţüչţдƽŵұ
һī΢⣬ƼȴЩۣ޶˵طһ񺮣ɢżΣյϢ
ҡǱƭģƼЩԷԾʮϤͺ޷ԬղҲ߻ȥӡˡ
콫ҩԼҲ˾ƣѵ㲻¶Ӿ𣡡
侲ĻƼµľԼûˣƼҵڽܽҲ׷ߡ
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85 
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86 
׿νǻл㱻صฮҲԾֱӽԼڣûƷ˽ǲѣſڷţ
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Ĳʹȥһؿڲûָȵ
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вͯţֻת㱻ľסӰÿݽԲͨŵļʼͣǾдٹ̸³ѡ֮ء
ʱһͤڣһһٶԶĴ˿ִ裬һһ续Ŀ
үȬŨĲ裬˲軽졣˳ָذ׵Ĳϸ͸ĲУɽߴɣƹ嵭ȴ˱ǣ󴽳þòɢ
˵ţһ˫ֽ豭ͷ飬ģ·һүЦɡ
˫Ƭ̣ջ׻ǽ豭ӹͷЩ˫Ŀһ˿ϲò衣
ʵټҶʱ꣬ѵȻ࣬ЩʱգѵôҲ࣬Լ䲻ȴκԼߡ
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87 
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ҶʱһҲİȺ̫ۼӵʵȨȻǴˮҷԴʥ۲ѡ
ɻȨ֮ʣе߱˽﹬Ҳ۸пݣɷ⼸ʱΣ󲻻ø˵칫Ŀȫǡ
ʦ̸˵ľҶʱڹУûϱӻ
ǵͿˣԴҲ벻ҶʱȻʺ͵ϵǺιϵĻϻܻع
μס»عĲҶʱ꣬ɽйҶ֪ֻҪһƷǰ̫ల׵ɣԼסйؼҲ֪ͬڹʲôôʲôô
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䲻ϵãɵĹܸо˵ĲͬȲ˵δййֱӵǰźӲҪ޹ҹĻϣָźⲻ˲Ŀ
Щ˼ȻǰźǱȻǶִģԽ֪й˸̫࣬ȴҲ֪˭
߳ƫ£޵ھֻʣҶʱֻ꣬ð뿪ĴнļûҶʱǰȥ򿪣崨Цվ棬
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ҶʱȻ˫ۣŤͷȴƹ̶ס˼²űſ
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ҶʱҲ΢΢׺ߵ߳䲻ֱӸ߳ȴ۵ڱ飬һһΪ档
оңԶȴΪϤҶʱȻصĻУһȺ»ĺҡͷԵ飬Ҳͦñֱͷҿ
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ע΢ʱʱͼ䣬ID߹лл


88 
Ӳѹ۵˲쳹ڳļ˲侪һ亹
߳ɫδ䣬߳Ȼ¶̽飬˵ܼǵҶʱ꣬ʱһۿϤС
Ҷʱ΢΢ɫǫص
ūԭɽйǵūš
߳һڱյĲԣȻһɫҶʱһŵǶҲǲˡ
Ҷʱ̧׿۸߳Ŀдеͣ
õ¼ţūŵٹ⡣˵ȥ˸߳
͵·ϣ߳һֱû˵ֱߵһտ֮źȻվŵ
¹ǰǲǵ
ЩȻЩĻŵҿ£˲ŵ
Ų˵ˣй
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ŵøϽ˸߳죬򲻿˵
ɸ߳ȴְǿʵε󣬸ղűֻǾϤѿڶһڱȷˡ
¹³ûԵˣұ㶼˵˰ɡ
Щ㶵ؿǰĺӣÿ죬Ÿ߳ߵߣһ߸ߵʯͷԼƽּһСʯͷУ
档
߳ͷﶪ˸ʯͷ˵һԶżй·Ҳֻӵˣѡ
¹ʵէһǵãûҾˣҸ߶ˡ
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֪߳ҶʱĴڣ˵Լδ䡰ȫ룬ҲڸողΪ˵ʥϻͻȻӾ͵һнҶʱû
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΢иͼȥ


89 
ҶʱСɻƬ̵ᡣ
̫ѾЩʧԼˣ㡣߳罫ָҶʱľѣĴָʶϸ׵ļ¾һӡ
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⻰߳ȴû˵ڣһ˲ͻȻһɣֻ̧ͷԼ۹дŹеļᶨ
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̫Ѿһƫܽͬ棬ͷ޶
Ҷʱǰվ̧׼ţ崨ͻȻס
Ƚɡ
Ҷʱͷ˰벽崨̽ƿţòʹùĵŷ֨֨¸µĦõж˲ͷ
̫ʵʱͿʱѣղһڹƣԺ޷Ƶشܹ߰Ļ棬ʹͷը
춯һͬʱģЩ谵ƫڣ̫ӦȻĴĿߣ̲סܽһǰ
̫ŬЩ͵˫ۣĿԽܽ⿴ȥǸʶĻҲֻһۣһһ˴Ų˽̫ȻԲ˫ۣƵز

˭ܽæͷһ֮´ʧɫʧеҶʱ꣡
һףñڻе̫ȻعԭһѽĲܽƵڵأһسҶʱꡣ
Ҷʱüͷ΢΢崨ǰһɲǣܽؽ䱧ס

̫ҲƾŸղŵһ˫ĿסҶʱ꣬ȴ
ҶʱꡭļˣɱҶӣɱ˻ϣĺΪ̶Ҫɱ㣬Ƥ⣬ǣ
崨üͷ΢ָ۽֪̫Ҳʵʵвֻǰ˵˾Сıÿһ
̫Щʧɲܽѵúܣ֪ڵҶʱǿԵˣס̫Ҷʱг
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ܽڵѪǰ˵ƭˣҲͰˣ󾹽Ȼɱ䵽㾳ء
˳ڲܽԣͬ졣
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Ҳ֪ĳʧģǹġ
ܹģֻ˵仰Ҷʱ굥ϥأ壬ǰͷʹ˫۵ָ̫̽طͷ֮ϣһ統΢΢ʹࡣ
̫˿Щ룬Щ걻ͷʹĥʹδΪѹ⣬㱼üͷ棬ܽ״˫ɿЩҳһ
ǸˡҶʱͳƽοģū˵ʵԸ빬ūŵʱҪû빬ͺˣͲūˡ
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ūҶ֪ԭɽйġ
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Ǳһ㣬̫Ȼ˫ۣһʱĿԣ˫¶ĺҶʱȻ˫֣Ծɱָ̫ץֱ
ʹҶʱüͷ΢ûм㿪Ϊ̫˫
Ҷʱ꣬߰һС
Ҷʱ괹ӣվܹȥƬ̰ɡ
ܽһ㶣ȴû̫ҲԸ
ܽɿҳȥ
²ߡۼҶʱҪ崨ȿ˿ڣŮ˵ͷ裬̫ΣգȥԶЩͺá
Ҷʱ˵ͷֱΧ֮ʲŻڣ
ūŽһж
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̫ȥ£һҲδ˵ʻƫϢ̫û÷ƫ˸ϡú˹ȥ̧
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ˡҶʱͻȻûͷһ䣬̧ͷ߳磬һֻ֣̫
߳ͻȻ˵ʲôֽЩסں˼Щʲô
ϣ˵ЩԲеľٶǲҲˡҶʱؿŸ߳ӣƽ·ֻһ㣬Ǿ߸ˡ
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˭˵µ߳΢㳣Ҳ˿ӣ˵㲻ȥͲȥ
ϡҶʱͻȻץס˸߳½󣬺΢΢٣ūЩǡ
߳ͻȻһĴָ΢ŵģԲ̵ֻõͳƣ
סǰٸǧȫʶеծ޵ϣ޵ҪĸҪ

һ߳罫ЩܾĻݺݶУҶʱȻһͣݼʹʶˡ
Ҷʱа̾һżӭŲҧֻǷֻҶʱܸеഫյĶʹ֮˵ѵЩϲᣬȴͶ롣
Ҷʱ˫ʸϸ߳ĺҲͬԽԽԼݺϣҪ֮ΪһƵģϢҲ١
ô߳ͻȻſ˫˳ѰϣеĶϢ˴Ҷʱʶһ£ȴƶ׷ţ
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ҪǾԼ
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ʱϳڣ崨ᳵ·޵⣬ʮɵͻȻסЦ⣬ͣ˽Ųͷ

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š԰ȥԶ޵ʲô˵˰ɡ
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ֲǲ֪ڲԱ̣ƵĶţ¶Ų֣ЩͲˡ
Ǹ˻Ʊ뻳Уҧгݵ˵̵ĽҲġ
ɲǡһסصͷǣĿҲǷ˵Ǹǡ


90 
Цһ
иͬĹŮƼġ
ԴһֹǲǻЩ̾
λ˾ƹһ˰յӾƷС٣ְС̼ǰȨȴ죬˳ְ֮ĳЩ͵©˰˽ǿͶɷֺ죬׬ǲ
ֲûϻһƷС̫ƹ޼䣬˰컹ǿɫడƲ̾Ҳ֪ãϾҲɡ
𣿡ٺЦţ˫Ŀ΢Уô೯ҪԱĻ׹ܵͷϣСĵˡ
ǵǣ˵Ӳ¶棬ǡ
Բɳȥͬȥ˾ƷȾƳԷصҵʱ죬ɢžص˳ļС
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䣬ǰȻһ綹Ļһ磬͵ƵȼŵƻӾ۵ס
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㵹Ǹʵˡ崨Ƴĵؿţеĺȴ˪㺮Ŵ˷ģҴ˴ģЩ顣
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ֳ߳ͷָֻὫϵķ˿ֽѹµ˳Ҷʱ޷Ӧ˯
ʵҲƣۣ֪߳޷˯̺Źİģ˵Ӳ¶棬ȥⲻ˷ߺ֮ģҶʱʱΣգȴֻ֪ȰȰġ
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˰಻ס붯֮ʣͻȻһС
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Ϊ游סһլԺٺ»΢ҲЩģҲʱʱػЩǮӼá
ǶûǮƾҲ֪ǮԼǴθǵȷһӣ˺һӲһӾﻹ̵ס˽½ʶЩڼĸ֮ӣȥЩ׽Ӵ͵˽Է
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91 
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Ƹ󲢷ͨ¥ǼΪε˽ԷطȴݻǸӵҲ㼸˼ҡ
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ײڰԺʮ̶ִƬڲŴ˽ŲţƼг˿־壬Ż
ˡ
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ƼŷһԶɸһ㣬ٿֲָķ䣬һ׵Ԩ˲һİë
ȥѵƵϣƼݺݵؽƽڣ֮һﵹصӦƵڵء
ƴô˱ꡣ
ڰͻȻһİͱ񾭵ĻƼһʧ˭
ƴ˲ǵڷйһ֮Եġڰһӱôһ˲Ƽʱɫ
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Уÿ˶ܸܵյĽţ˶ԶԶģֻ԰ڵţĿ¶ǡ
֪Ҫ߳ѹŭ𣬡Ϊһߡ
Ǳ˺Ҷʱţͷ飬»ɰ
Ϊǣţ߳ͳ˲裬ʱ꣬޼ƿأ˭Ӧ֪
ǻϵҶʱͷһɫ԰׵طڵأūŴӲ֮ǰļƻˣū¡
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ǰͣһ̨ӣվſΣƼ߹˫˲


92 
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»屻²ϵʩ˵䲻һ˿϶ԽԽصƺҪؿһ˿ϢҲȥһ㡣
ҶʱܵˣܵŭķйϢеļӾǰʼڣ忪ʼƾȴҲ
ϢļӾͺ䲻Ծø߳ڷŹҶʱһת˫ַڸֱ߳ϣؿھҵš
δйǰʹ鵽ŨҲδйϧӶᡣ
ҶʱߴϢű߲زһļ´ģĿ־̫嶼Կء
µģǸ߳ŭ𣬶ľʹ˶Լʧ
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ܵպúŪȴú룬ǿ˿һһΨаղᡣ
֤ȷ䣬Ƿ񡭡崨˸ʮָյƣԾԾԡ
գɼաҶʱȦ˼֣ͽЩССˣмǲ鵽Աɾ˵˰ΪֹǷɾ衣
̸ڵĲʹһЩҲ޷ûܽ˰Ͱ⵹¬Ԫأһȥ
лмҶʱʮ⣬Ǳ¬Ԫһ̰ī˾޶ǮƣȴδϼҵȷǲһЩǽǾţһëЩصȥˣ
Ҷʱ࣬鵽˼¬ԪܹõլԺ澹ҲǸɸɾ˰˼⡣
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ҶʱͻȻסߵ崨ͣ˶¬Ԫصİ顣
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ҶʱƤһĪļһ£Ծͷ˿ѾЩ˵Ĳһƽе
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96 
ﳯ쳣ƽҲһƬƽͣ˵˭˲֪ƼزһղһգҲĳʱʱģҲԵð˲١
ֻⲡȻƸȴҲסģб䲻˵˶ﶼƼõβ˵ಡ
̫ҽȥ˺üΣûþˣ˵Ǳ˹ľ͵һ
д󳼼ʹ֪ϻǱϾ˵Щ棬¿νǽֵøǲ
֪ģǶһҲһƼͬʱԶԻײɡ
һ߲Ųѧ˶ѧ֮ˣ̳ôһѳܵ
ֻͨ˲ǲ෹һ˵ĿνǼ𺳣ͬʱҲƵĸԱ
ȻǲҶʱĹͣѧӼ֣˿ɢ
һǵϷ̫ȴû뵽Ⱥ˵ʲôʲô崨ûţȴϸúܣ˫ɾӽҶʱ겻ԵĶ˳
ˣ¾ͷ˼ˣʹպϳԡ
˼һģδھ֡Ҷʱ˿࣬㣬Ⱥű֮Աǡ
Ҷʱ꿪Ц崨û취˭³һŴء
֮ˣ
չȴǲΪӪ崨ЩЦ˵֮ǰʼϷ̡
׼в˵ҶʱͻȻס̧崨
ϸ˵
෱֮࣬ǰȴδ漰Ϸ򡣡Ҷʱ崨Ҳ΢΢֮ͻȻɽеȤЯؽǰ˲٣Ӫʯһ
ϿûʲôϸĿ֮صúǲö֪
һֻ̣ҪᵽҶʱͲɵñ񾭡
ֻüͷȫԼ˼֮У֮ͻȻȤ͢ڵء
֮¬Ԫؽã¬Ԫľ˾ˡ
ҶʱĿȻһ䣬崨ҲйҪվ
ȥ顣
ʵڼ֮ϵҶʱԭҲֻǲ²ѣһ֮´Ϊ𾪣ֱָ֤¬Ԫ֮Ǯƣ侭¬ԪܹɽУһӾܴɽ˳һʵʵĻ
ǷؼΪܣɰһ裬дһͻȻ˼Ȼǵ
֮ܲ˲ҵ飬켸ҹϻ˾ǱҶʱ꣬ҶʱҲ֪شҹ׼ȴû뵽һž׸
ң˫Ŀǣȫȣ˼̬
үҶʱҲʮֲ죬Ƽչͷߣ˻ڼһ£ʱſڡ͵үǰ
ҶôҪȥ׷Ҷʱ꣬˫һ̶ˮ֪ҶɻǵãϷ˵ҪسΪźϴ³Էӡͳƽ˵Ļȴа
Ҷʱ˿׵Цݣ˫Ŀ䣬ȴȻʱǱʱүҪȥˡ
ҶͲϷȥ𣿡ǰ˰벽ͼԣ֪Ҷ¬ԪصǷȤ
Ҷʱ꽩㣬ջĽţ̧ף
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Ҷʱû뵽׵Ľ̸ӽʱû뵽׾ȻҪվϳ¬Ԫأ֮Դγã«滻޻£飬ǻҪڵ֮ʱó֤ݡ
¬ԪزԸ·˽֪£ʹҶʱ˴æȴԵʮֹ죬ⲻϻ׵Ը
᲻ǱƼ̼ˣ崨²ţҪ𣬱ǵʧķ衣
ģǵʧķ裬벻ͨΪִ١ҶʱƬ̣ȥҿʺϴ㡣
Ҷʱۺʱ빬Ŷǳͨģٽʱ߳޲ٴţǰĶЪ¡
ֻʣʱҪ糯Ҷʱ굣˯̫ܼʱ⽻һС̫ǵý˵˵ãԲҪʸ
Ҳ֪̫ۻģһմ˴ͳ˯ȥֱ˰ͻȻѣֻҹС̫һµص
ҶԲūŲСʱϻ׼š
Ҷʱ˲ƢЩͷϽΪæţȻ̧ͷߵѬ¯ԣ˸ӡ
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ҶʱͷЩͺû˯һ㣬Դսһ£ȷʵƽʱѬζһûʱϸЩæȥ߳˽߳ĵţҶʱһ·˹ȥظ˶顣
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ƽ׵մ˿̿ɷף߳üͷǲͱˣȥЪš
ӦҹЩæ˯̫Щͷļ£ҶʱҡҡͷҧӲǸȥ߹ಽ⳯д˵ڡ
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Լǲˣ
ҶʱЩš
඼Щƽ£ȻأҶʱ걾žȴֱԶţ
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ҹ˵õĵݴྶֻͥеļֱ֪ϣ޿Ƚ鱨ס
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ʱȷ֮⣬үԲ飬ūŲ¬˵ָʹ˽¶˴Ҳ
һڳһƬȻҪ֪ıڳ˭˲֪˭˲ɵҶʱȻնǴ¶ǰ˾Ųʮ
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¬Ԫأкλ˵
߳绽¬Ԫشسй򵹣ԩ
죬ȷ֮⹺󣬿Ǳõĳͷũ߰
֪ΪΣ˵ҶʱؿۻףȴԼһۣо͸һ˿еζ
ϣ֤¹ش󲻿ӡ
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Ҷϳ޶ۣΪҶ˼ǻϵ˼ŴӦ˵¬ˡ
ʹѶҶʱ껹˻׵ÿһ֣𾪵ؿۻףֻæ˸֮ϵĸ߳硣


97 
ҶʱĿеľɲ˾飬ҧأΨлͷ֮ʱвŸҴһ˿пԵİ
ɱŵƻҶʱһ㰵Ӱƻյĸ߳ı飬ǺĿȴҶʱ겻һ粵ȴǶں˵
ˣǾͳ¬Ԫصģʱңò
߳ȻΣһһ֮˲侲ţ˴ҳһ
ֻվ𣬻ˣҶʱҲǸܵĿ⣬һۡ
ĿԣҶʱľѣȴֻڽ߬ȭͷָĵĴʹάԼһ
߳Ӽһ۾ͿĲʣ㲻ʣʱŴæ빬ҲһҪڽ¶ˣһԼ˵
¬ԪأҶֱ֪Ѻگ֣߳׽ݾԪ
߳һ
µ顣
ȴ¬ԪıҹѺگ˵ĹȥҶʱȴ֤ˣҪѺҲӦһʱڹУҲگ
˲ɵÿҶʱֻ꣬Ѫɫҡҡ׹뵽˽·贫ԡҶʱѳ裬Ȼˡ
˶ûע⵽ǣһ࿴Էһ۵Ļ׺¬Ԫأڲʱһۡ
ֻǻޱƿ񣬶¬ԪȴͷζĻȡ
鷿˿̷ŽգɳǰĹԱ󣬸ֻ߳˾ҹ˹棬˸ҿ
˿ǰ߳裬Ѿû˵˾ҹǰҲüͷɫдɻ
ϣӦǹ
˾ҹĻ鷿ˮĳţ⻰˵Բƽնķ񣬸ղųϷ̫죬˷Ӧ
߳ȴֻоűҶʱֹЮŽȦһ㣬ϱ
¬Ԫ˽֮Ľ֪֪ȴ֪߳Ҳ侲ֱѵĸоͻ޵̫ˣԣ
˾ҹûнӻʱҲڳ֮ϣ鿴̧ͷ˽еĸ߳磬ֻܰ̾ҡ
͸Ź죬˭ܿģҲһ˿
˵Ҷʱ굱ʱ쳣㱵״̬ƽʱģ̫Զڳϵ֮Ҳʧ־
˵ǱҪЮǻв˾ҹϸϸţеĹؼҶʱ֮䡣
˾ҹȥگ߳ͻȻվ𣬾Ҫߣޱʸ
˾ҹȻҲʸԥһȴҪֹ߳˫˾ҹֱ̧۶ŭȻδڣͻȻͨ
ϣү
ϡ˾ҹǼ˸߳磬ҶʱǴ˰йؼ֮ˣ񣬶¸ƫ̻֮޷ϴ塣
߳ĬΨ΢屩¶ĵ
ģ崨ڡ
߳罥ɿ˽˾ҹֱ۵ָ

׽ʱû˸ղɽ֮ƣ߳ɫʮƽͣ
ҹҶ֪
ʹ±ϻҶʱ걣ſƲĹϵҲ֮ȥ͸¶ԵĲš
ϳȻ׽ܡ׵ȻһЦҶǲͬġ
߳ؿһۻףӽճ֮ϵڣҪŭһ𻰶ˣ΢΢ǰָʶû棬
Ȼ˲ͬ˭
ǰҡͷЦţϳ֪ϳȻ˴æص¬ԪأϳֻҶʵϳӺ˲ǡ
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뿪ıӰͦҴݣһҲով׷ͺڷ֮߳Ŀȥ󽫰ϵ棬޴
һȰڵ˾أԣǾͺúóԵĺ
ĹǶŵһ£࿴ۣϽͷȥ
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Ҷʱؿگǽߣǿ˸һֱײʹ󣬿ʰ崨
㻹ʲôȥɡ
²ߡ崨޵¬ԪƾʲôҲؽ
δǰҲãⷴҪ֪Ҫʲô麹ҶʱޱߵķʪգԵʵظɤӣܾЩ˻ʹǸȦס
Ҷʱһ۾Ǹ߳˫𾪶ŵ˫ۣĪ˵ԼҲҲ֪ڴµķչҲ𾪲ѣ벻ͷ
һֱǷʲôԲȥĻǻͷʹ𽥼أʼû취ȥȥ
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Ҷʱ˫糺죬͸˷ɫ崨òСؽ뱻Уֱָֻȴ֡
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˿һС̫Ӱűߣŵһõҩ֭崨Ȼվһ˫ضīҩ֭Щ


98 
崨Խ˫۵Ҷʱ꣬תС̫˵
˾δѣҩιȥȷɡ
С̫ȴЩԵʮΪѣֺ崨ֻС
̫ҽ˵ҩþãūһźܻȥ
崨һҲʮͣų뺦Ҳװģжһ⣬ɤ
ûôȣҪţ
Ǹ̫ҽԺ̫࣬ƽʱͲ٣궨Ҫ
С̫̽ͷ￴˿⿴ȷʵ֪ʱѣֲߣֱתơ
Ҫ취崨Ѱ˸ľ룬ҩҺ˽ȥ󽫿ݸС̫࣬ȥ˵Ѿźǽ˲˾ٸȡ
С̫۾˶Ȱ׶񣬵ʵҲͦãæӹͷ
лˣ˷ģһȥȻ˵
崨ͷʾߣС̫˼ֽס
Ǹֹ̫ҽ⼸ղ̫ҽԺ𣿡
̫ҽҹĸҲˣæ˻ȥС̫תҲûиղôˣҺòԶ
ҹʼͲԣ˾ʱִڳͻ£˾ΪεĹ̫ҽҲڴʱһƺ̫ɡ
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һ˹ȥȴûȥ崨ʶǲگɱˣҪҶʱԲѣڲԣ
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Լ뿪ּѱ˻֪ᷢʲô£崨ΪȵľѾʼ΢΢ҧҧתصηڡ
ٴλصУ崨ڴߣ˰Ȼסֻ֣һɲ޷ŭеֻʣȻϧ
ڶҩǸС̫࣬Ҳٶԣҩ崨׼õˣ崨ҩˮĹҩûԣδѡ
̫ҽ벻ˣ˻ԲѣðҲҪ
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崨ĺ˲ŵؿ棬ɵҽң崨֪һֱſڡ
ҶʱֻǧʯһҲʲɬҴɳɳʹУΪԼþȫ崨Ҳ΢Ĳ
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仰ǻϽģɵʱ԰ڳҲ֪ġ
Ҷʱ㣬Ӻһ迴ţͻȻ˿У崨ȴûס
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˿ֵ磬ްСĵع޹ĵţɵ˿ջķ糯ҲǴҴϰջκ⣬ɴް֪ǳҹߡ
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ѭȥǸ߳ǽ࣬Աֱȴڵƣ̬
Σ˵ɡ
ǡǰ΢֮ԭȷ֪´ֻϣĿǰ¬˵ֺ֤Ҷʮֲ
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֪ˡ
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ճͻѹȥʮգҶʱڶգ֪߳лԶּȴ빬֪֪ĵطѱ͸
΢СƽʱȫԵˣȴ⧲֮ʱͷһڽܡ
˵¬ԪһΪԱݺҶʱ꣬ǻΪλƲá
û̽ףȴһģһҧҶʱӺֱԱһ飬׿ڸ֪Լ֪
˵ƽҶʱЩ̫Լ⣬ôһԼ
ϡ԰࣬Ҷã崨һֱš
߳΢΢ףһԡ
ǰԻֻһʱŭҶگǻ᲻շų԰˽۵Ĳ٣Ҷ˷̫ŭ
ȥ˾͹̧߳۴⣬԰˵֮²ÿɷ񣬡Ҫ֮޽ˡ
л˵
ǣ΢ʱʱС糡䣬ӭҹעŶۡ


99 
޵ĲܣΰӴѡַ޳ϼʮҲеģĻһƬרأǻ޼ɡ
˾ǣϾأ˲ƵĴ£ֻǶ̶ձǵóһƬȻ֮˷Ҳһµģͷһԡ
ɼǻڳ֮üȥ߳Ҳֻ俴ţһ䡰ѾӲǶз֮
׼ǱŸ߳ص鷿ʵҲ⣬ΪλϻΣķʱͻȻ޽ꡣ
ϡԥ˰̽ؿڣǽעӱһƿ
ƺûдӳϼҵг߳ɫȷ޴Ѿõ顣
Ȼ˶֣ȴٶԣȴû뵽߳ͻȻʵ
˵ǰֵһӣ
뵽ճӣǺЦͻϹģǡ
ȡ֣
δ
߳ⲽߣۼܲһƴת
ƿգǬΪȡһͽƿɺã
Ȼɴ˫ۣܵûϴǿҫæл˫綼Щ
Сƿлϴ
Ҳǽ෱еһϲ£߳΢΢̧
ȥ£Ҫˡ
---
گ֮ȴʰʮָɾϾǻگԴ
˶ʮ죬¬ԪҲһȦ˫Ҳ˲٣Ÿ߳˫Ŀһ򵹸ߺ˻꣬ȴһԡ
¬ĲΪԼԩ
ֻµͿϴԩ飬躰ԩ¬Ԫƣȴ֮˫Ŀ档
¬š߳ɫͻȻĿҵһɨ¬Ԫأס˫ۡ
¬Ԫеʱ©һģ˫ЩȣȴӭĿֱֱ
ֻǻϾôһضԼ¬ԪǿӲҲʼ÷飬һ⸧ƽϵ˫ۡ
¬䵱ΪΪϹᣬȱũ֮޵νǡ
Ϊ飬֪ţ֪ºһ뵽ũ߸ｫʳѰ¬Ԫؼ߳ĿƽҲ˿Գ֮ũߣԽȼü֮
ũֱӹ򼴿ɣԼ졣
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ǡ߳Цһί¬䡣
˵Ķ˵ˣ¬Ԫֻأٶԡ
ԣ߳ȴĵĵ
˾˹ϵʮ׺񰡡
¬Ԫһݣص
ԵһδףҲʮֹ
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⡭Ҳ֪³Ѵ
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ײ£ͷҲ޶ۣȻǲ
²鰸֮˲սس¬ίհɡ̧̧߳ȥλϳĬò̧Ը
Ҷ֪
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̧Žͷƣɽ˷źúһȴŵ͵͵ȥֻϵľɫ޲ǰ֮һͨͨһ㡣
ҲҶ࿴˳ǰ˵ԶԶĬرſڡ
ҵŹϵһ˲䣬߳ƽɫ˲ŭϯȻվξ޴ߵһ׷׵ͷҲôϸŵ΢΢һ
Ҷʱꡣ߸ϵ˻δӴı䣬أ
ϢԽԽҶʱĺĺȴֻ˼նХ˫ۼűͻ谵ĵƻ𱻸ߴӰڸǣǰ˵ı顣
Ϊֻĵط𡣡߳͸裬ǲ̫㣬Σ浱ԼܽȨŪڹ֮䡣
ľϵָ߬ȭԭķʧȥ˹ɢձ߸ĵҶʱɫɷףƺ⣬ȴ첻һԡ
ô˵޻˵𣿡
߳ͻȻЮ̱壬ưǽϣǿҶʱ꿴ԼôȨƣû㣬ʲôǡ
⻰нҶʱͨ͸Ȼ̧˫һ˿ǿƵ֧飬ƿڶĻӲǱ˺䣬ȥ
ԴֲڵĴָЩĦʺ
ô̫ҽ˵ʧ
Ҷʱ΢΢ص˵ͷӣҩûȿ˲֪˶ΪʧͲΪԼϰ֡
ҲãȻ˵ĶУݺ֮ǡ
߳粢δѹɤҲһĬźر򿪣վһæ˼
԰
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˸æȥ̧˳۴ϲԵˣݱķס˸ܵĴ
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ǰлԼʮվ˶ӣԼǵӵĳ͢Ҳ
ԽԽЩΣźиż崨зһмһ˻һĳģ
ᣬܲһϵǡɻ䣬崨ŵ˲ӣ˺ü㲻ȰͰˣʲô

崨Ըԣŵ˵ſڣԶˣٳȥǻһڡ
ƽʱ崨ҪС˵Ĳšϣ֪²£ǵҶʱİΣСĵؽ˷ԥƬȴ֪˵ʲôֻ˾䣬
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С˵Ŀģ崨ǿѹŭ𣬡һжΪɻʲôǻ
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Щ嶯սҶʱ󣬼Ҫ˵ߵĻ
Ҷʱԭʹ˫֮ʱȴӹɣ
ֻڶ飬ԼˣҸ㡣
崨һͣɿ˽ָȥ
֪ˡ
Ҷʱ˿ʲôϾ˼һĻԺݣοԼϱ͵ˣ̻Ҫ¡
ɻϵÿһ仰ÿһ鶼סã⾿Ǽ٣ԭŵҲԽãȻǾ塣
˵θ֮԰ɡ
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Ҷʱ겻ٿڣֻǳһЦ±˫ֻۣüĳȴҲĨȥˡ
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ǣ΢³ʱͷĺܺÿȥ~(*^_^*)


100 
ҶʱεǼŭ˻ϡ
Ȼ˶ô˱ȻҶʱ굱껹ڣ˷ˣҰˣᰲںźˡ
˵ˣ˷Ǹպá
ЩڹҲް˱˻ϣȴûʲôӦԵЩͣ͸ʵ
нһƣ¬ԪصſڣЦ
¬ˣСĸ±졣
˵ŽУڵʰţҲûţĴԶһһ֪
¬ԪţһЦԱϾǴԣ˭֪١
ģЩˣСſţĿɺˡ
ŵҩҲպţǶҩ˲ûˣǹӸţҲû˹ܹ
¿ɴأɱȫˡ¬ԪЦ˭÷һߵĵ˴αȻҪ
һɻ󣬡ΪβˣǵֲǮƵջ󡣡
¬ԪĴ죬ƺǲҲԸ˵ϼ䣬
ǰƵģܵǣһ̫࣬һƤңȴһע޼ңӹС
ٶǮкãû˷ò꽫ת¸ֱһ̫ѣıˡ
զ࣬ǡ
԰ֵַĵ殳Ҳˣֻϧ̫֣Ҫֳ£ⲻѰ·
ԽԽľΨΨŵŵӦţԼҲ׬·ǮҲֺ¬ԪزŴЩͷϢô˵ôࡣ
̧ͷŻ谵˸ĵƻ֮£¬ԪصЦؾһ亹
Ҷʱڣ崨ؿǰİ
ǰǸأ
˭˵ڰҡͷǰմؼңСĵˮĹˡ
ԭĿҶʱ˫ۡ
ǵҪ˽ʱˡ
---
µĹԱ˻ҹ˹߳Ҳ˶ԣʾϸϸ
ϣ˴ǰȥ˳ƵտʼԵʮֻţ俴Żţ֤ȴʮϡ
ȱũһ¬˵ļἰ¬Ϊ˽ȼü֮ϼҵĲسǮ֤⣬ǵҲܵ飬ũĹʽûκһжǺϡ
Ŀ¶ǣҲͳṩ֤ȴԵĶϲ㣬޷Բ˵αĺۼ
Ҳ˵Ҷʱα֤ݣܸ泯͢ı棬ǰ϶ʵɷն
꼸ˣ˳Ļ߳ȴͻȻôһ䡣
һʮꡣ
ʮꡣ߳ţȷҲ˶µˡ
һۣ
Ҳһƽȥʲô¬Ԫصѵǻת˷򣬸߳ÿ²ֹˡ
ϣҶĴ˽ٳһƻܻ⡣ֵһϡ
һԵ԰΢΢ף˾ܿڡ
һ룬Ⱥڳ֮һʹҶʱһ̾۾ϣȺһΪ¬Ԫظ蹦̵£ǹʵŹ֮
Ȼг¬ԪһҲƵ֮ˣ¬Ԫصͨͬһ˵ʲôҪҶʱء
߳΢˫ۣͬϷһĴͬо֣ǺعһĨϷʵЦ
黹ǲŰ
ûϷ˻˲ɵðʱ̶ͬס

ڡ
ͽģδİӶһһ˲ˣɲܽһԩ˳͢ٲǡ
ﱾƮƮģȴͬʯѹ˾ڣ˲̣мղŽеףȴ˼ȺŲŲ߳Ŀɨˣŵ
ҳԱֹ̣¬Ԫؾ֮쵽ֵزҲҪһǺԵɡ
ּֽ¿ͣ˿̳һƬţڳҴ
һվλļλᳯֱͦżһ˿
԰߳ٴοһ̺࣬ŭƹ¿֪
֪԰һԳйڵУΪ¼ܲα֤ݺ֮£޿⡣
ԳԳºҲ⣬ķ֡
һ ͻȻĿؿ԰԰ܵĿ⣬һۡ
ԭһ˵ĸף¬˵ĸǰʱɱ˴˴ζ¬˵ĵ顣
ţ߳ɨ˼еĻף˵ȥ
Ϊ¬˹󣬵鱾֮£˽α֤ı֮Աɱ֮𡣡
شƫԶ֮ҲȫʵʹҶ˾˲ԡ
һɺԣͻϣһܽڹС
ү԰Ȼ¹ٷ˵ˣ̫Զδ̸ףҶ˾¹٣Ҳȷְ֮
һݺسﾹƮƮְ͵ߵ˺ڰף˶⧲
㡭
԰˵ʵ߳翪ڣŵĻסаԣ۾֮
ԣ˵֮»ϽԿϸ顣
ղŻɫĻͻȻƽŹֵؿһһĶˣͻȻ뵽ʲô
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ϡʱͻȻУڲ⣬ڵʼ΢飬¹ͬЭ飬Դ´ͷβ¶ȫ֪
Ǿͽƣ̳ơ߳бһԹڵϵ԰ܲҲҪһˡ
ǻףҲɵۣôŻɵҶʱ꣬ת˲ͱô赭дĶ
˵۾˿̶ס˻ף߳硣
ΪνȺֳ߳ȴУһֱδΪҶʱϰ֡
߳ǹ򾲣Ͼִ̻⳯ǻʵ䷴
û뵽ǣ̶̼֮ڣȻᣬֱӽǴĻµľֽ˸췭ظ
׵ĳĬ˸Ҷԣ
ڳ˵ˣ߳һӱ˳³Ѹô½˰κηӦĻᡣ
һ֮ת˲ţ֮ǲ褵ķأٿ
---
ʮֵֽլԺڣޱ֦Ҷïʱ֮£ӵĹߴ֦Ҷķ϶Ͷ£ֱµߣӳǾ̳֮ϣҫ۵Ĺâ
ʱ磬Ƶȴ⣬лѩ˿Ѿ˵̳סȰ
ˡ
ӦĲٴξٱһ
ˣлѩεϣ⻹һμ˾ҹûпԼ
мϲ˾ҹܺ޷ǰͷţɬԼûбˡ
˵лѩҶʱҲδ棬Ҳ֪ǲǰݼڣ֪˾ҹܿҶʱ꣬ҲҲòٺøС
Ϸ㲻ʲôܣҲ֪Ҷʱ꼴һ£˵ʵҶʱܱסʮ־ȣֲ㲻û
лѩȰο˼䣬Ȼδʲôã˾ҹ˫Ŀͨ죬һƽﺱ¶⡣
Ҷ˾ǲǾǵߵҶʱꣿлѩ̽˳ڡ


101 
лѩδָ˾ҹش˾ҹȴһۣڣ
СͺҪС࣬һʼֻã˵ź£¾Լչ˺á
ֻҪǵµ£˭ĵӶҶľôһСΪ
лѩԾ˾ҹδὲô໰ΪԼ߹
ʮ͸ҹսҳΪ˿еҶšС˾ҹһƣ֮⣬ʹ˸˵˭ֲһ뾭ѵӦľ𣬵ҿⲻһˮɵԵְˡ
һȴ쳣ȣһȴӱͣлѰ˾ҹһҲ⡣
ǴһأͲʧȥֻһ⾰
˾ҹ϶һ¾ãΪֻҪ⹬ǽ֮УͲܻƽһ졣
˾ҹԣۿ˽Ӳ˵˰һһǣķ
紵ҶײɳɳƬţ˾ҹԶһĨź⣬˫֣ȴ૵
Ϊֵá
лѩľǱͻȻһ˵ζ˲ǻһֱӿţƵۿͣ
˾ҹأ
ʲô˾ҹ̧ͷлѩ۾һ˿ãƺѾ޷˼ĶЩͣȴԽҪС
˾ҹлѩǰһץס˾ҹ΢΢ʹֹУ
ûΪʲôʱ뵽ңΪʲôǰȵ˻Ҷʱ꣬˭Զ֮߸
лѩؿ뼤ҵţһ˫۽ؿ˾ҹ
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ǡû˵Ļ˿У˫ò̫ķʽȻһ
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һӿͷԭֱӵƾܣĺ޷Ӧˡ
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˾ҹͷΣǰȴʮ
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лѩ૵˵ȥǰһֱ˿˾ҹüͷ΢һ£ͻȻлѩȥƺ˼ԼѾֽҪ뿪һק˻
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㡭ˡлѩ۱߬û˷е㱻˾ҹŵҡ
ǰһѾõϢԼлѩȫסˣ׾ٵؾ˹˳ǳء
ԭԼղǸͬϷѪһӿͷɽȴˣȥ
Сġ
ͳڶͬʱϸоһԼ֮˲û˼϶
лѩսŲţԼͷȴһƬհף֪ηӦ
о˾ҹЯԼ˼ɨѵĴƬԭղٶ˰벽Ҫȥˡ
˾ҹлѩĿһȣеطǲԸƬ̵Ĵ
ѻǻ磬ǳ嶯ֻģлѩںһƬޱ£ֻģӰֲһ
¹Ӵ͸ϡؿԾӰлѩԹۣ˵Ϊϵʹе㣬С
˾ҹʶѾģֱۺܽյЩлѩֽţ̰ؼȡһ̵޼䡣
лѩԣΪԼֻǳڶԳʱ֮ᣬʱƣļȴҡ
ྪԼִţлѩ˫ۣԼϢ֮С
ܵý񳯣ֹռΡ
---
Ƹһڣ׿ǰЦЦ¬Ԫأؿڣ
¬ֱҵϷϣδ̫˰ɡ
үĪ֡¬Ԫصʮֹ˫½ܷԹ˲Ͼʱүܿ˴ţ©
µıôãһ̽˽˸췭ظš
ô͸˵λҶʱ֣ð顣¬Ԫֻ̾˺ı˻ƴˣ²үڹС
Ƽ׵絶ʰʹû뵽Դη֪ʱ𣬾˵ȦףһĪǱǾƣƼ˾·
еĺԱȻ¬Ԫصʾã䲻ܽϵ£ҶʱʹɥҲȽй֮ޡ
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үϾףүǱȻ񡣡¬Ԫ΢΢һЦǻżɷȥȥĵط
˫ĿòŻȻҪԼıº컯ҲϷµµ̧֮¬ԪأĿתŴݲȣ
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Ȼһ㣬ڷĿ±˶ҪӣԶͬҪԵϳɡ
Σǳһо͸ֳĸ֡
һ·ˡ͢ʮ񣬡ң¸ô˳
ʱ˺͡΢΢һЦҲԤʾ½̹;
үǱȻ
ģһ̴Ӹ͢˼䣬͢ճ΢΢׵
ԶҲˣȴȥϢպЩҪ
˵뿪˳ţ͢ڶųȥķ˸¶ǵҰġ
ʱֻ꣬ûԼܵĳ谮һͻȻͳΪӰ
һ׵ĺ˵Ϊ޿ūҲ
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ǡԼŸ߸ϵΡ
͢Ϊⲻ룬¬Ԫغͻ׾Ҫ񲻽ˮ֮£ټϡ
أţƵ𣬸͢ڻعɫ

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102 
ҶʱЩȻҹЩͻ˯ȥ˭֪ͻ̱ʲôһ崨ı飬֪֪ġ
崨ҶʱصҪʲô
´ȥ崨СرҶʱ꣬һ
ǽ᰸𣿡϶ԣҶʱ崨Ầб飬˵ģ
¬Ԫӵ֤ݡ崨Ҷʱ겢Ѿɻȴ£һбؾؽһ顣
Ҷʱ𾪲ѣΪҪ»Żн㰲еţ˭֪ڳֱӶ˰ûκηӦĻᡣ
Ҷʱ껺ۣȻ̫˽
崨 һȥ
崨Ų㣬һԲš
崨ͣ¡
Ҷʱ̱崨ıϣвֱʹ崨ҧ
˾˵µϵġ
Ҷʱ꾹һʱƬ̣һ漴һζ󣬶ߴ˳ֹ
Ҷʱ꿰£崨ת򳵱ڵҲǶµûţڵݾҲ֪οڡ
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ҶʱɣʧؿŻζĳз·˺ôһ飬³һ뿪𣬱˴ļͣگб߳ԼԼпԡ
вʰ
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Ҷʱ֪˷ôĸͷżȻ̫ԸΪһнԼ֮С
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ǲϹصģ̾͵ûأ
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ϡ
ƺ꣬ӰųʪϢ֣ǰһΣ屻޴ӵϤĻС
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ΪԼΪ˲ԸǿίȻʣҶʱ֪ʱ伫̡
ȥ·;ңԶ;͵÷˺Լյ·̺ܽ褵ΧǰӦ
ͷȴ侲쳣Ŀյպþڣԡ
ϵٴνյЩ
ҪСģ崨֮Ҳ˰໤԰´ҲϹȥ
𡣡
һֱŵҶʱ۾︡˻ңﲻȫұҩŻǰ㡭
֪֪´ĴָĦԭĻ߳дƽţԸ𣿡
Ҷʱһر˫ۣԲ𡭡
ʱ֪꣬Ǳˣܲ߻αеȴҲġ
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Ҷʱ˫Ŀ΢΢󣬸һȴ޳ָڴϣ
⡣߳üβ΢Ҳ
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һһ˵ҶʱžҩЧɢȥһЩ̧˫Ѿõ壬
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֮¶԰ԭ򡣡߳翿ڳϣֱ۳屧ڻУе˱·߬С
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ǰ·δ֪һݶļ䣬ܹŹмѵο
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һǽ߾ȫȡһǾܵػӦ
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뿪һ˲䣬ҶʱֻĶʱһ飬֪ڶǸ޴Ȼ㲻ԸҲֻ
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ҶʱԲɵÿЦһ£һ˵ǿɬֻϲã
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˫ۼҪⵥڣ
ʱ꣬𣿡
ʹ޷ƿأȻ뾡취ԡ
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103 
һ·ƽ쳣ͬеĹٱտʼΪҶʱݶԴҲиۼгѹ룬׼صҲ˿
Ͼ˰ȫ͵񣬽ٷʲô޹ء
Ǿ͵ˣûȥԶ뾩ǣҲˡ
Ҷʱ΢Цлһ·ˣӦúõлһҲ޳ʵ
ǲˣǰ·δ֪ౣء˵ǹ»ھټ
Ҷʱ국һЦÿɷĿԶȥ
崨֮ͬеٱ֮ǰڶвۣҲû˵䡣
ӣ̰ɣǰܵ崨ؽҶʱϰ֮˵˵书Զ֪Ϊܾò̤ʵ
Ǻܿڣֻ·ɸϵʱЩԴĶҩҶʱ;ǰҲҧС
ۼڵһԽԽԷȴ޶˾ò
ٿһǰɽ·֮˴ѡﲹЪţسΪܱһ
ۼʱѹ磬ٸ·Ǹϲ¸ӶҹɽˣЪſҲΣء
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𽥰ȥ˵ƣ崨۴ֽػζӰ
ջҪ·ӻǸϽ˯
ҶʱͷǿԼ˫ۣҪͼϢһ崨ĺȡ
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һ˽û粻ͷ˲٣ԭ崨һ϶¹ֻһͬ˯еٱȥ
Ҷʱ궨ؿվǶǰԥغݺһ˵ţֻ˲ҽһһ˱һѪȴȻ˿˯š
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յұ㷢ˣȼ㡣崨Ҷʱ𣬡Ĳ࣬ӿɻߣ
Ҷʱվսһ΢ϢѾöˡ
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뿪Ҫ̵֣Ǳ޻·۸ӵ취㵽㡣
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ҶʱϾδ䣬ԵЩͣıʱ仹ԣ˵ȷ
ҧֵһյ˿һ񷿵ϣҶʱؿڲţŬƽŴϢ
Ȼ崨Ŀһݣ󣬷Ľкȿʮֳ¾ɵľš
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104 
˾һ崨һסºģֹסҪˤ塣
˿ԣֻԶӰǿɫʹѰȴֵܿ
Ȼˣ崨º˦󣬳齣ԣ˶ǰ
ӣɢ
Ҷʱק˽ŵºģϴףһ޴ɽʯϣԱ֤Щ޷ӱ͵ϮʣµҲֻܽ崨ˡ
ת˲崨ԭ˿⼸˿ǰֽ֮˲ǵĿ̱꣬任λá
˳崨ֱ˹һһ㣬ƫԭ·ߣֱȡ
Ҷʱ겻ԾҧأһֽºֿЩȻ̧ұۡ
ݵһһֻ̼ڷɳû뵽ƺ޷֮˾Ȼһ֣һ˲䣬һ⡣
˫ۣûü˼ô±㷭һߣ˲ӿƬѪֻгķݶˡ
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Ҷʱ걾Ͳ书ٴ޸֮˽ΣգºĿ¶קŲֻ֣ε
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105 
һҹδߵıҶʱĶƣȴʼ˵޷ƽϢ
˿磬еΧ褵رذȫݣȥѰ崨ѾһδѰ
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Լ֪ܻصǣֺοִ֡Ҷʱ껹˵Щʲôȴ崨Ӳϣ
Ƿ˻ϵּ⻤Źӣּ
Ҷʱû뵽֮߳񷴳崨зһ仰µ޿κΡ
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һ˲崨Ҳͬʣ͵˵һ仰͹ˣ㹻ˡ
Ī˵ֻ˵ҲߣҲҺΡ
⻰жζȴ͵ģһ˫ҲǼᶨġ
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ġҶʱ΢΢תͷ崨۵ףͬҲͬװůһ㣬һϧԼġ
֮ϧԼΪǸˣҪ㶨Ȼ˫ַϣǡ
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106 
ٿӺȻҶʱܾڸ׳԰׺ȵĺ⣬û취褾ȥ˹
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ڴ˴گ֮ϵ崨Ҳ۹ҶʱȷϻƼһҪͨѹ֮¡
Ե˭گ˽ͨ¬Ԫֻ͢ڣ
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崨Ҳѽ
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Ϊȣ崨ºĵ̬Ҳ࣬ΪһЩҪ鷳ҶʱºĲҪǹӹӵĽУʹֱá
ղǱʲôҶʱԶȥ̸ʱ򣬹ٱصſһӣƼºĹȥһ˱ɢˡ
Ŷղмگߴ·ֲ˵⼸ٱǹڹҲºĺǺЦţϴЩССĵ⣬ʱҲȥگ߹̣ͨЩگͰǽһᡣ
گ
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گ
̵ͷֻæҡͷءػϣǱگǰǰһ磬Ҳ֪گǷ˲񡣡
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ս޵޹ձɳͷ߳ͳгƻ󣬡Ҫĺܼ򵥣֡



107 
̷һҹδֱۣ賿ʱֲԺ˯˹ȥоһӣͻȻ̫ѡ
̵ֻ̲ۼϵĻʵһ˫һҲ˯ѵˣֻ´ԼһЦ
ôگû̹Ҫʲô𣿡
߳˳ĳ۹ϣճ˼ĸߴģ㣬ʱͺԺֵľЩ˽ЩƸ֮ơ
ҹδм֮ףԼ»Ҫʲô˼ţֻ߳Ϣæ̧ͷļѪ
ǿˣƼӾ֪ҹδҡ߳翴ĵûϵ֮ˣگȻҲá
Ȼһ̧ͷ˲䷴Ӧ˹Ŀ¶سǱ߿һۣҧҧȥԼĲӣֱԼϺݺݵЩӡӣʹˮҲϵ޷졣
ӿɽҲ߳΢΢üתͷ

һ򿪣ʮ̫๬Ů룬ССŸÿ˶ĬȴԼ飬ȴ̸ˣδǱźŵġ
ϴϵĸ߳ҪȥϳȴٳǰͻȻͣס֮ϣ
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ʵҶ꣬һͺƼ˴ǰ㡣ְƵ̵֣ⶾҩҩگȻֻһǱ⹬УֱѰýҩ
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뿪˺ûл̫ҽԺתȥȥ鷿ʱûһڣ
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ş̌߳ͷ޾ֻܹ


108 
ʹԵϳɫҲѹŵģϾ񣬵˳ˮҶֺοඥѹǰıӲǱ
ǸûøҶúܣС˵ϹҲ˵á˲Ҷԣֻҡͷ
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ô£ÿξʹҴ빬ǹ˾ͳƵġ
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˾ҹҲȻʶﻹǿĹ֮ϣЩȴȻлѩ

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109 
󿿿֮ϣһĻϤͬǳʱǰ㡣ֻκţ䲻֪ʲôڣлѩʮֳ
ڿˡһдżУ̣ǲнҩ
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ҿɴδйѹ֮ġƺ˴ͻȻθߣֱ죬һ󶯾ƺԶЩֹ˵ʲôȴ˾ҹҲԷֱˡ
֪˭ֻ뿪߱ǣɿϵȴЩ»䡣˾ҹܷ̫ĶֻǽлѩУе¶ȴԽԽȡ
˾ҹСĵؽлѩĶͷĴĳ¶һŷлѩɫ죬˫Ŀգ֪ʱʼѾ
ʱʱ쳣ѰֱĶԶ룬ѼѪĵ˾ҹᱧлѩֱ̫ҽԺȥ
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ҪΪ㶥ͿΪΪ߳Ŀ¶ɫҧݵù´Ҷ֣´ξֱ˺졣


110 
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گǸ곱ʪȵĵطԭǰ˶Ӧ˱ʹĥȻҲΪ֮ء
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Ҷ˵ˣԿġ褸ںͥŲҪҶӿסںҿ϶үһš
԰ͣ˽Ųüͷͷһۣδһַ޷޵
Ҿ˵ҶƭңĻЦͲˡ
԰һԲȻػɫһϤϲ

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תǺ¡԰ΪȻǲ֮ǰǰʱһ򾡣µ߸辡Ū
ٿ·ϱ׷ɱⱾ֮У崨ȴЩзگ˵ĴڣҵΪĵġ
گ
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԰˵µģԭҶʱ˺档
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԰ʱ·ϱӵᵽ˵گ殳輫Ҷʱ꣬ϼ֮ϲҲ⣬Ȼࡣ
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ɴȴʮϤһ㣬һյĹʵһΪ֪ƽ̨֮ϣ˺š
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䲻Ҵȴſھҵô˵ģȥ殳ֻҪķȿɣ˭һһģһģ
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ԣⲻʱ˺ͣ±͸ǵġ
ĸ˵밮ԼȴΪ˾ðΪԼıҲ޷üһ档
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֪ԼƷãʹҲţ ֻҪ԰Աߣʲô룬ֻҪĺȾƾС
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޵ľگȺĲĹ褷߷ߵһɱһ˫һ˫ɱһȺ
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112 
˺˵ģڷ񶨣Ȼ԰˵ѣʹʣҶʱҲһۿ
崨ֱϵܽҶʱֻ˺ͽ£ȥտºү԰˵˵
崨ͬ𾪣ŵؿҶʱ꣬Ϊ侲
԰ۺһ˫ۣɫľȻ褣΢΢̾˿
á
ҹˬһΧʪдЩȣ˵ؿ쳣ơ
Ҷʱϻžƺ죬һ˫۾Ŀ԰ϸһ·յϢ
Ͼδ
ҲšҶʱͷͻȻԼڽ߬°ڣȻһЦɿָḧϣҪڸǷŵĽһ㣬ϾҲûǣ
԰ȴû˵Ƕ֪鱨Ӳִ֮ʣǷǺڰ׶Żᴫ
Ҳŵġ
԰ĻشʵҪҶʱ˵ԼȥɣҲ崨һ˴һ
⡭԰ģ㻹ţ崨Űɡ
Ҿڸߣﲻ¡ҶʱЦϢһⶼûˡ
԰ǵ˵ͷҶʱ⼫ƽǣȴ״ʱ˿һ˴һ߸Щ
һ㣬һ崨ȥ㡣
Ҷʱͷת﹡ȥﵽҹϵ£һ˿ҲûС
Ը԰̫ģֻ߽ȥЩúҹոպýԼվţңԶı
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ȵģ岻ĲȴֹҲֹסģݶڿ졣
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崨Ҷʱ˸˫Щɣ˰ɡ
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ĲűţصľŶײòţһ֪˭㣬һ¶ɫ߹ȥ˨󳷲ȴԲȻƿŴ˱
ɫףѪ˿˫һƣЩģȴݺݵضſ֮ˣ
үڣ
ڡڵġ
ŷ˲ţֻؿߣ߳ȥ˼ɱ㱻ӭ԰סֱۣ
崨ݲĿĵʲôã
һû˯崨ҡҡλΣѾû԰ǯƣһôһء
԰ɫһݣּؽסµȥ崨
褽ӹѾԲѵˣһԲؽ˱תȥ
ʹ˰ݲδ˵ʲô崨εĴźѣڲ
ǹܲסԼҪǼھ˵Ҷʱ⣬ת˲ͲӰ
ǼȻҪ°ʹҲ´ΣҴˡ
αؿο㵹ʹʹһ١԰Խ褾ԽץӸΡ
кãܻصһ𣿡԰ؿ褣зûʱʱĲ֮ɫүüӣбܻᵣƻ£ʵھǣүҲ֪ġ
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ЩȻ⡭ҲǻҪ֪ģ
԰ҡҡͷҵ˽ġ
֪ģ˵Ǳӣһ뵽԰ڿȴעһů
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ҲܵԼϵһԲվţļһĪİġ


113 
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ҹĳлмžźıӣڿĴ֮ϣֻ¶һ˫¶ֵ۾
ˤ֮㱻ϤϣУ˵ϻ˰˼ԵĹԱĻѡ
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Ϊ˻ϲûգʼò̫ԾҪΪ׼˽л
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ȼûˣ̼Ѿĺ󱻺ڰֵĿ־壬˼ȴȻû´
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ͣؽţйĵĿ־壬ֱзһѪھԭơ
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114 
Ҷʱ֪Լʲôطƺͣ԰ĶԻ淢ʲôһʱ侹ӡ
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Ī˵߳磬Ͷ֮ǣҲ˶䰵ɱȴδɹء
Ҷʱ߳Ҳûеǹδ˽סҲ
ˡ̩Ц˶ԭʵǸŵȨ֮ˣ֪ı¿ԶֹЩ
Ҷʱ겻ΪȻЦҪб»䵽㾳أ
ȻҲȷǲǻãһǲŹκһ˿ܡ̩ڸ߳еĵλǲҳ¡
ûоԼеࣿҶʱбһۣڿȥǸ˸ðɡ
Ѿ֪ˣ̩üķӦǵ
ҸΣ캰𣿡ҶʱһҾ֪һ졣
̩ĿԼϣҶʱ֪ڿ̽ԼģոԼܺܺõһֱſ񣬴̧
˵ǻʵ۵ȷܳ谮ȥ殳衣̩סϣִʲôл
Ҷʱ಻ɷϵȻ£ֻץסǵָ΢΢鴤һ£һ̧ͷˮ
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ˣһˣܱסͲˣô˼Ұ
ҶʱͣһԶѰ˶ö࣬ǹջҷԴڻ¡
Ը̩ͺ˼ܱ׿͸һ㣬Ҷԡ
侲ѵá̩еǴͣиʶһ
گʲôʶˣ
Ҷʱ걾ΪǸ̩ˣɵ˶ʱľѣ
񣿣
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ҾͲŶλˡ
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æǰҶʱڴߣ
ҶϰԵһҶ־òף˶ٲŵҶӡ
˳ǲأȻܳγġҶʱ꿴˫쳣æ򵹵
ūԭڹȥػꡣ˵ţ𽥵겻ȹɭϣūű㡭͵ˡ
һҶʱ˸ȥ
߾ްźõģʱҲѱ߳ἰ񣬺ȥ˻ꡣ
Ҷʱعʹ״õϢСĴӻϵ䣬ȫʬ͵ܺǱߵ˺ܷ˵ˡ
ˣǸʲôݣҲ㡣
̩ȷ֪ʶթһթҲڹôѲʧ̬
ʲô
ҶӽūСӾͳɡ
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æȥ漴һĨģҶʱ״˿ùֱӴ˶ϡ
Щȣ˵ЩʲôȴûҿڣҶʱ국ıҲ
ҶʱȻҲԵɵġ
û뵽Լʱ뵽˵й丹أ̩˵ļƻʮʲôʲôô;˷ᡣ
ֻҪ̩ҪԽǱ¶ݣگзԽǰȫ
گУǿ֪ЩʲôϢ
һ㶣߶˼ӣôͻȻֱҶʱֻ꣬Կͱţ
̫
̫ǾǸ߼ӵ֪ĴڣʶĬ
ͷūҲʲôϢ֮ǰһ߶кҶʮ󡣡
Ҷʱ̧ͷؿ
ж񣿡


115 
жگһ˲䣬˫Щ𾪵˫˵һС
ڸ߸ߵ֮ϣ׳˶ǰ§һ𪽿üŮӣگˡ
ȤشҶʱ꣬ƺܸȤ
һⱾҪȻϸϼ֡

ҲǸ̩ΪѾҪˣҶʱ괹ĿĬƺһģ
ǣҲ֪ԭĻʵʲôƯҲǸеġگ˵ţƸŮӵ֫Ů
һ˲䣬Ůʶܣȴֲң¶˾⡣
ҶʱĬͷҿگɪļʮֺ£
گбе⣬Ծʧ
еҶʱŅ̧̀־ԭҲôҲ֪̩ΪηҪš
Ҷʱͷ̩ϼ޻Լǰ˴گǲ
گŮӵķӦȻ紫һǸƢŰ֮ˣ˵ҲǸּ̩гǸӣô˻һԡ
±Ǹūţֱ£ǻʡҶʱ˶٣ҧҧǸ߳ɽŵٻ󡣡
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Ϊ棬ͷȴ˸Ӳŵ³ܱסʵס
گʹûи̩ǰļƣܻסģҶʱͷ߬ȭͷ˫ϥأһ˫ؿ

گǰЩŹ»žҶʱ꣬ͻȻſ˻Ůӣⲽ¡
һ˫̤ŽѥųҶʱǰļһ¶
λʵۼȥɣô˱˺¡گͷвԾ͸Щ⡣
ūű볾߾ıǶԵϻеãҲᱣūšҶʱ΢ŵ˵ҵȷԴǲˣû˾ʲôǡ
˭˵ûáگ̧ţżͻȻǰ̤£ҶʱȻһǿԼڵϵȥؿǽżԼֱ֮ϣ̩ʲôϵ
ĵָϴ͵͵ľɼʹѾ亹ɸղǾ仰˼һ
ʲôϵگΪλʡ
֮ĪǲǻͨޣȻ룬Ҷʱʹͷ亹ֵ̧̿ͷ
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گ¶֮̽ɫƺڹ۲ҶʱķӦ˿־ʲôûܿ
˵ʲôرģø̩Լ˽ȥ䱣¡
ѵս֮ʣΪס߳磬ֱЦ
˵̩Ҷʱ갵ıʲôҶʱʲôϵ
Ҷʱʹǰ󷢺ڣȴǿگ粻ɫ
Ϊᵽ̩گ̬ȣ͵͵һʹ˼еگһֱѹϵȻһɣҶʱ겻ոմһ°ȴ̧
㵱ΪλŴξ¸̩ΪζҪ
ҡҶʱסˣﲻѵıȫҪαװ˼Ͽָ׷ɱǴΣʱԹ˲Ͼûҵһ
گȻҲǲ²⣬Ȼʵ÷˼ȴһսҶʱеһ²⽥ǾگƺȫȻθ̩֮ƺ¿
ķһ˷ܣԥƬ̺̽
ҲǱ°֪ȻǸ̩ԶĻʹ֮ڣҲŹ¡
Ŷʲô
˵گĴ󳼣λǾϹᣬگþگһӦΪʦ
˵گ˵ȡҶʱʶʲôͣסɫɷףڵ϶ҲҶ
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ݵͼǶ𱰡Ҷʱ̧ͷĿ뷽ˣֱֱگ
ʲôˣһ֮֮𣬴ֻ˶
گɫ仰һ˿ɶĿȴɺ壬ͻȻǰһΣҶʱȻһʺ㱻һֻ׳ĴǯסʹϢ֮
Ҷʱ˫ֽץסگֱۣ˳վ𣬿ԽԽߣֻýżأеѹںϣʹ಻
گʲôû˵ƺֻڷйеŭҶʱģһƺԼԶȥΨͷһƬ
ԼĶˣگ̩иңƺֶˣΪܿͻᱻɱȴ
˿ô죬ôõ鱨ָδǣǶȥ
ϲɣõģ
㱼һɣ˵ڵأǰʱһƬʹʲô֪
ϣλҶ̹ʵ۵ģƹ֪ܵйԱ桭õģ
϶УҶʱҲһʶ
˫סԼؿϢţҶʱ֪ղگɱ벻ɱ֮ԥˣʱԣһ
лϡҶʱͻȻڣگĿϡ
گͻȻЦղŲɱ㣬лʲô
ϼȷ֡ͲɱȻҪлҶʱ꼫һЦݣ˲µһשʯ̤׶ϣ֮ãһͷ¡
گƺȤþڽҶʱ꣬ʼǰ˿ܲԼ򵥡
ֻҪõ̤ʯұֻΪֻܱӻҲܸ̩
ǡگЦЧڱֹ̩ձԭұزǻʵ壬ҪǰԹҪǮᶼû⡣
ͻȻһԿƵĿϮҶʱȵüҪƵͫ׽
گҪս


116 
Ҷʱٴһպһ˲ͼȫѣǰһͷؿ
ܺܰûʵĴԼΧ㻪گδؽҲ̩ŵǸס
ȻݣҶʱ㲻ȥԼİΣļٵگǾ䡰սԭ
һʧܵگǲ׿սȻжǱȻȫ׼
׼ʲôʲôҪôߵ褾ȫȻ֪
һ˲ҶʱǷگᣬһ־òܣ褶گĺģôگԭΨһȱڣǱǡ
͢ڡ
Ӳ¬Ԫǹ˴ũߣڲ࣬Ҳܶʱı˷طܹڡıֻگ
¬ԪҲѹǻأ
ЩǱΣӣ
ɾܽϢݳȥҶʱ벻κΰ취ؿһƣƵĿԳ
ӣ
ĴԶʲʹԼЩû̫Ĳʡ
ϲѣ߹ͬʱ΢΢ͷʹ˸ɫҶʱ⣬Χˡ
ҶˣгԵģ
ͷҪתҶʱȴֵ
濴ʮˬû̫ҹȥ¾Ƕ԰ɡ
ָԺµһʯ㷴ӦǰȥҶʱꡣ
һ̫СԺݹΨ⴦ܿ񽫷˰ʯϣ
ڻǳ嵭Щá
Ҷʱһڣס͵ʵ
گ̩ĹϵΣ
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̩ȴǿӲؾܾ˵һ䣬
ϴûе֣ʧý½ƽϡΪвˣԶһֱעŶ˵Ǹûˡ
ҶʱǵȻս仰һߣжһһɻڴ
ԭʱ׷ɱĵȷˣɵ˺мگˣĿǸ̩ΪԼˣҶʱǾͬٿģ̩Ҳ׼һ㡣
ڵԼѾһگ̩֮ŵͷٺò
ܴϢȥ𣿡
΢ҡҡͷǹһٴΣûκ˿硣
Ҷʱ΢΢̾˿޷گҪսϢҪ뾡취گ̩ϾսҲֵˡ
ǰͻȻ壬ʹûͷҶʱҲ֪ˣͻȻ̸ֹͣǱȻɣͻȻü٣
ΣסڳлΣϡ
ҶʱǸշ˿ȻһתͷĿеƻûüջء
ֻһ˶һҩ˿ҶʱŹ
ҩ
ֲؿҶʱԥض˸ɾ  ƺҲû뵽Ҷʱȵˬ죬ӹʱЩ
鷳˵ллҩ
ֱȥŸ¶֮⣬Ҷʱ굹ǲذڰ֣
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Ҷ  ۿ˲Щ죬֪գҲŵԻȥܻ꣬Լ˳󱻵
ҴδⱲӻܼʣҶʱȴ̾һ
žͺá
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崨ԼҪˣÿε˼ҪıԵǿԼ侲Ҫҵӣ֮ǰȵ¡
Ҫȥگ
԰ǰˣ֪һƵ̾˿
֮ǰȥ˶ûţȷҪȥ
ȷ崨ɫ㣬ҶѰˣگ
жиĴ㣬ȴ˵ڣگҲϣ
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ΪΪˣΪλʧԼ
⻰ͻȻģģ崨ʱ԰˼΢£
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֪ס㣬Ҳ֪ı£ȥɡ
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ͬʱ褻Ҳɵ̾һ䣬
崨Ǹ֮ˡ
ֻ𣿡԰ĿŨĺҹƳ褣ɿЩģ
ģֻô˿̵԰Ŀƽղͬƺһͳ嵭⣬Ī£ʲôģ
Ҷкβͬ԰ûлشһ˫ƽ侲˫һ˿ڴš
Ѳ褣¶˲Ծ΢Ц
㰡ԱûʲôƫͶҲͬ
βͬ
װͰ͵ġҡͷٿ˶ңƫɫ
ڱԹȴһ˿֮µζ԰Ҳͷǣ
ǺãԺ󲻶
ɱ𡣡褷ŵ֣ҪЦҿɾ͸ˡ
԰ıЦˣЦݱеĳѹţһ£褵۾һֱţỳԼۡ
褱һŵЦǣţ֮˫üٴһҲٴξһ
Ҷ߾ȫûµģüĴָ԰üģ԰̧ͷôţ
šһûµġ


117 
ЩҶʱֵüΪʵҩǰһζȫͬҲԥغȵԼگЩģ͹˶ĿҲЩܵ˵
󲿷ֵطҶϤĸŸȥ
گʳֻ֮أԺԶû临ӡ񱻿עţҲ˸
ΨϱͱڣһżǸ裬˵δ
Ҷʱ԰û˵Ժȥ絶¡
ＸگĵؽˣҲ֪ɽھųҲԽ
ûа취ȥ
Ҷʱ߽䣬ڴȥͱϵһľһʯһãҲĬĬãղһ̾
ܷǽȻǲܡ
ͻȻһģСʯӹЩҶʱʱ䱻־ͬʱͱϹһЩСʯͷ䣬ҵ±ߵϣ֦ҶҲЩ
֣Լûע𣬺֮ǰδйɽʯ¡
Ҷʱ˫۳ס̽ȥŤͷϿ¶ϱïܵĴľڸǣʲô
ʲô
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֪ΪΣҶʱֱӦʯӵ¸ŴվֻûĴ񣬼˽㳯ȥҺͳϿ
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Ҷʱߣʹֵٵ֪Լĵļ尾һһ𣬽մ
˵ԼȫȻΪİΣһ΢ȴزĵ׵˽=ƨػ=
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仰㡣گɫ㵽׻˶ٱ֪¡
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ϳʲô֪һֱװΪʲôگǧҵɹڼ̩ʹļף˼䶯㣬Խ򱱽Խ
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΢һͼͼȥưhhhۼŶ
ö΢ĵ·棬һλֻ̫̫ͼ˸ͼ
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118 
ϳҵʼگ˭ϳȫȫ⸨޶ġ̩ɫ̹ȻδΪگһϯ㣬ϣʱ˿̻ԴΪأϾڼ֮ңҪصĸޡ
µ˲Χֱگ˻Ϣƺſʼͨ
Ȼ֪ΪأԭȻҲ㡣
⻰ǽ֮ĶԹ£ɸ̩֪ⲻΪҵЭگԹεһգԼ֮ա
ֺοˣŵĽֵϣ̩ŵĸߴӣĸϲΪηҪ¡
ΪΣ
˶Լһȴ֪Լ֪ȴ޷ˡ
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סˣƬ̺ŷӦ̩еκţ˶Թ֮ܶ
кһʵڲڵ˶ԴˣɴΪλ޷ˣ֪ȰҲã
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Ҷʱסڱǲ̽ͷȥɿŻ˭ѵǸ̩ûܽҪߣҹ
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һ󵭵ǱƮɢӰת˹ǳǳ¹ͶӳǿҶʱϣȻģ迴塣
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֮Ҷʱֻʶģ׹ȴһȵĻһҩ豻ͽС
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崨ʱźʰԼԵ¡
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ҪڳȥţگҪս
ʲô崨ͫ΢ؿ类شУگҪս
ԡҶʱٵ˵Ҳ֪ʱգϢǧȷ褲⣬ôگֻһ·ߣǱɽ
²ֹıô򵥣ǵگҶʱһگͽǸϸ¬ԪǷڲö֪
崨֪жأǴ¬ԪضĽɽΣӣ
ߣȥϢ褡崨ûҶʱ㿪ץסֱۣ
ģ֪ѣҲٳ崨˿ڣҶʱ겢δͷ۱յֱۣ̾ʵ
༸ŶýɽòŴġ
ܵˣ
ͱʪУҵ䵽һϣ˶ѡ
ԡҶʱƷ崨ֱ֮ϣ΢΢ʹδߣ
ҡ崨˫Ŀ΢ɣϱףҲȥ
һˣԼȥҼܣˣܻ
崨˵ʲôȴϡ
ڶĻߣҲǻ᲻׷Ϊ©һȻûˡ
崨ɽİΣھάϵһҪŻȥϢ褡ҶʱɵЦһ£ЦȴŻ֮ȥĳء
ǰֻһ崨˫Ŀɺ죬ȥҿҶʱ۾ǡʥּҲܲˡ
Ҷʱ̾˿ڣ̧崨գǿԼ
֪ǹȥ㿴²óԺסģҪңұ֤ᱣȫԼ˵ţҶʱȴЦˣһҪصȥǸϸҪֽק
ʵڲһЦ崨һ˫ۣǼβסʹʱҶʱָⴥһȣת˳ָ˿˿⡣
崨ȴδҶʱҲЩˣץ崨ȥˮ
ģҵʣɱҵġЩϢȥпľҳȥ
֪ԼΪᣬɲ֪ã֪˴ŲΪԼᣬ庢ƵĺԼ뿪
崨ؿھҵţҶʱٴνס
˿ڡ
ġ崨ǵһһһߡ
Ҷʱֹͣһ˲崨ĺ󱳣ȴᶨص
ãҴӦ㡣
֮ǳĬֱ崨뿪һ㶯Ҷʱ겻ҵ飬崨µһкۼøɾ¡
еľʯڷ£žĴ䣬Ҷʱȴǰδе˯ȥڱʹ
Щ㱣ȴһȺ˺ĴţƬ֮گҲˡ


119 
ϣǷʲôˣҶʱ귢ҹͷʹҲŶͷüʵ
گûлشһ˫ɱ۾ƺϿʲô
֡ҵͷΪʲôôʹҶʱûпگɱһ㣬ֻͷʹ
ϣһЩҩʲôۼûҵ
ҩҶʱ꾪ɫ˲ɷףжɣҲɣ
쵽׶ʲôگҶʱ꣬תʵ
Ĺȫ£ͷΡΡ
ֻи̩ߵ˵ҪҶʱ꣬Ǳ˻ȥûʲôˡ
گظţ
Ҷʱû뵽ҹ崨µ㾹ϵĪһǸҵĺʱ˼Ȼȥץסگ䣬
ϣǧø̩ץȥ˵ҶʱͻȻ뵽Χȫһҿ˵һȥ
˵ʲôگɢԺӵɷݺݵؿҶʱꡣ
ϣ˿ⷿôˣҵĸǽжҶʱ˵꣬۾ŵ˿һۣͻȻһگŲЩƺڵסԼ
گӦкͻͻһ£ٻܣֻվһȺˣͷҿԼж˶Ŀ
Ƕȥ
Ҷʱ˶ˣӲŴЩ
⼸Ϊм˼룬ø̩ɱ
ʲô˵ģگԵúܵȻƺҪ˵Ļֻɵ̬ȣҶʱǲ˵ʱбȻ߷֡
䲻ϱ׷ϣȴЩˡҶʱüţһ·˸ţղò˸̩Ȧס
׷ɱ֮˵ȷˣĿҲңȴگˣƺƺĿĲֹңǽҰ˼⡣
ҶʱĿ¶ãؿگûдһ˿
ΪҵһҲǲ죬֮ԶûĽ飬Ҳףԭ׷ɱ˾ȱѵƴһҴһߡ
˵ʲô
߶߶˰죬گȻѾͷҶʱθѵòֵ࣬
ʱҲΪǸоζѡ
ҶʱսЩ
˵гһҪȥʹΣҲ˳ݵζ
⻰֮˶дǻЦʵ̫٣ֵˣʹһʱţҲΪйȥĿ
گϴڸ̩˵ĻԹ׻ģ˵Ĺϵıκ
Ҳʵ벻̩ͨΪνһӵ˶ˣȴδҴߡҶʱ갴Ŷǲ²
ôʾƵģʾĵҲ֮
һҹڳ˯аɹ崨ӦѾ˳뿪ֻҪܽϢȥҶʱεѾɢ
޹˼ɡ
گȻӦЩƲѾ˵һУ˵࣬Ҷʱ겻ٶԣֻ˵¸̩¶گҴΪơ
گ֪ⲻͨҩټзң㲻ȥ
ȥҶʱ΢΢ֱЩӣһֱ߬еһ佥ɿҹ̫û崨Ѫմڡ
ҶʱŶͷ鸡Ųߵ̨ԶӣȻһžʱ䶼ĿѪֱϣѪѸȾϣһƬ¡
---
лڣ񲻶ڣһ̴ľ䣬ǻʹĸɫ
̿ţЩȴõĻ̻̣ϺóԺúȵرźţɾԺ߶˼ӣԼһǻĻΪβţʹ˻Ҳûһ¡
ֱΪ˯˵л֪ĳ谮ԼΪʸ֮ģȺ޲ֱӽȥնɱ
˻ϵͼֻÿз࣬һԵĲˮһ
͸ĲӦӿһ·䵽˸У̽ס˸˲۽ǡ
ԭگв˸ĸİΣǻİԼﲻǿõĴİˣ
ѪһӿǰڣղǱҲȵмΪʣ
Сӷ
Ƭ֮󣬵ȴһƬž
ŭ޴йվһƿ˵ţŵС̫һ
ӡ
Сأ
޹˵Ǳ߽ҪټĴڶ࣬ͽȥæˡ
һգʹôôæƫͽԼ̴ӣС̫ͻȻɫף亹
ˡūƺǳԻ˶ӣʵڡʵ̲סˡ
üװģذڰ֣С̫һ̶ܵĲӰԺ˲䰲
վڵſãһͻȻһ㿴ƫ
հл֮ʱľĴй䣬ΨƫʱСӳֹ֮󵫷ʮ־
ƫﵽʲô
Խǽȥ̱Խ⡣
дΰҹ^оѣȴӰһΣƬǺӰ뿪֮ϾϢȥڲסԴ쳯⿴ȥȥƫ
һһӰȸӯҲƫڣԼһֻ޵
ⲻ˲ƫﶨŲ˵ܣ治ȴҲ֪ûл̽
£һ˵ĳл̲סǱ߿ȥ
ȥɣܿʲôҪĶʲôԳΪԼİѱҲ˵
̿ƫȻգĵΧƫתһȦȻһûĴ
ȴһƱ֨ѽһˣ̵ţҧҧȥ


120 
ɫ磬ɵȴʮֻ谵һȥ˵յģȴʮָɾ˾ӡ
ֻտЩ֣ټĵڱֻһľǽߣʮֹ졣
ﺦµͻͻֱԥƬ̻ǻǰָ˹ӵİϣ˺ôľĲС
һ˿谵Ĺߴӷ϶˹УͻȻֻùһ˫۾Լŵ͵˼һ˵ϣǻмڿҪг
ôˣ
̾סԼһ㣬Ҳû̱ڵϵϢ˼ڻ˻ٴοǹӡ
ôСĹӲܲ˸ˣͷϸŷƺܡ
žصϣٴվһ˹š
ԭһׯϱİ񣬵񹤿óΪɣñԼһ
ѵÿǰݹôŲ̫ܣοҲûйõ¯ҡ
̰˼⣬ȴٶ׼뿪ȴֹ¾¶ֽŵһǡ
Сĵֽ̧˳һ̵֣ſ㣬ɵЩס
Ÿʶü֣ȴ࣬Ϻüϵá
䲻ϵãȴ˼ƽϣϸ˼齫·˻ȥԭ·˳ȥ
ƣԺлǼžһƬղС̫Ŷʹͷȥˣŷֱӻص޵
̲֪ǣƫһߴӰӵȺѾõ˾ҹζؿ뿪תȥ
---
˵һֱæСҲûֻͽ׵С̫ţ̺ЩڴҲˡ
أţͻȻõţ
ӣҪˡ
Ϥпһ£˵ͷʾ
СӲڣǾźŰɡ̹ûʲôæ˵
ƫзһֵ
˲˵һ٣˵ʲô
ҲȫʶãϵõҶ
˾ؿ棬һˡ
СӲǾͻ͵
˽ϴ룬û˱Ա鰸ȡֽʣ
д
̲ҳʣһзһֽϣŤŤȴҲ
һ׵л˵ţĿ⽥Ȼ
𡭡пĶ
졣˵ͳһֽˮгãˮ˻û˷ɡ
ûûУæСӲǾͳ͵
벻㻹Щµģ˴ĲЩЦһԻȡһöҩ裬ǽҩɻ϶ԣ볹׽ⶾҪ
۾ٽӹҩͷ̽Уûпǰ˼
Һʱ뿪
뿪˵Цôһġ

仰ʱվͿگҲگ̩˼в
뱱گǹҪ򱱾
ǰϢ󣬶ΪֱӵġֽűǷмдģ̩ؿ˼飬ָĥֽΪ촷ۡ
صϢҲΨʵ׽õµ˷糾ͣƣļҪ̻ʹȥȴȻҧţͤҲפݵ䰲лͨš
˵һֱ뱱ల£ɱ̫ңԶگûκϵǷʲôҲö֪
̽گ΢΢̧·Ըȥɡ
Ϣģǽ᳹״گĲگĿ˸˷ܣ
ǵҪǵʱǵıڱǳʱʱټ
ϣϢ̫׼̴š̩ʼվЩ죬ϳ˵ҸıɣҶʱǾֱӸ˸߳ǵĿģ
ô࣬ǴΣ
̩ΪѾһٶگʹЩ⣬ҲΪ߳ŭ˿
ﲻи֪ԭ֮ˣβʡ
Ҷʱһ·µĹԤֿܣȴû뵽ش뱱ϵΡ
⡭ûشûǲãگ̩Ȼ̫˼ʱ䣬ƹܵǳ͢ٵ鱨֪֮֮١
֪֮Ҳ֪ǳԵ˵ӦѡگȻţҶʱ֪ٳȥ֮ǰŬ㶼׷ˡ
Ϊ֪֮٣ԲԡҶʱ̧ͷе֮ĶǴ£Ϲ˵ˣ
ǣֻ˵֪ģǼԻϡ
Ҷʱаһ֪һǷ˵ˣɲ֪گõʲô鱨ͻȻԼ
˵֪뱱ãڵйǰȻܾʵ棬Ҷʱм˼ƽϱҪԵ̧ͷ
Щǻԣɽһڷ̻ʱż䣬ƺЩҡ˵ʱĿ⼫Ϊ̹Ȼگֿ˿̩㵭ȴ˼㣬µķ˿ס˷Ķ⡣
̩ƽˮگɫ䵭ȴɿЩ仯ֻһ˿ɶҶʱ𽥶䲻֪ôһ£Ӧû˵
߳ǲὫҪ֮¸֪ҵģҲǵ;˵˼䡣Ҷʱ˼䣬Ҫҽġ
گȻԸڴ˻϶ѿ࣬һֱĬĸ̩ͻȻڵ
֮пΪɣһˣصؽ㡣
ˣ
ҶʱһȻͷֻͬʱŴ򿪣һ˽һ
崨


121 
崨ʹڣ˿ңʹĿѪڵǴδǱģҶʱ껹ڵһ۾ϳ
ʱ˲ʲôҲ˼Ҫչֳʲôı飬Ҷʱô崨һסҡҡ׹壬
㡭ôʣһ˿ҶʱڵĴֳܱ崨һ档
崨ֱۻקţ˵屻˼̬ܵҶʱͻȻ̧ͷ˫оаĿ⣬
ɿ
ȴԺӵĺݾԼͬɿ˫֣ɵһ˲ƲͻȻԼô²һʱ
崨˲ѹҶʱϣڵϵҧ𣬶عͷͬϷˣ
ôˣ
ȥɡ̩еؿһĻȥҶӿɹֲϷѲɽɽϣ˵ǻһ
̩崨书ҲڣɽҲˣ
ʱȷѾ˻ʣȻҲܽס̩üЦֻѺ֪ڹҪǷ书ҲҪ㣬֮񵹽Ϸ겻ѡ
Ÿ̩ĻһһشҶʱ𾪵˫ĿԲɣֲḧ崨գѪŻֲڵָһڷţеʹ޷
ͻȻס崨֪ʱ˫ۣȷǰ˭˳ǣƽʱǰЦ̣
ģû¡
ҶʱɲǼۿʧ̬սһֱۣСؽ崨ڵϣתصؿ£
Ͼһ
ûٿ̩һһµسگͷ˵쳹ŹҶʱе·ĺڱ崨ֹ
ͣڿ־ҡβı״̬گϲģҲпɶ
һһµ̧УҶʱ꿴گ𽥵ɫԼɫݵĸ̩ѣҶʱ꿴˵˰ĺۼʱߺһ
ˡ
Ҷʱ˫ĿЩֱ˫֧ס棬˫۸Եùڵ˼ڲ̧ͷĿضگ
Ͼ֪ʲôҶ˵
ϣֹ̩վگȴã˵ҶʱԽƻɵģ
ϲԣҶʱĿҰ󣬡ʱľ˾ˣǹ֮ɱҡ
˼گӸָ̩ӣһҶʱ꣬Ӹµؿʲôˣ
ʱֿѡ
ֿѣگһۣЦʲôֿԷ书㣿
ϣʧ书ʧһв˵úأϾȾ崨ƺأϵ书ֲ֪ȸǷ˺ʱ˿Ҷʱʲôˣֻ崨õΡ
㣬߳Ƿй򱱾֮ģ
⿴ͻگҶʱȻʳضǵʲôصϢϢҲȻǴ˳
֪ã뿪֮ʻ֪Ȣ䰲֮ŮΪޣΪ⣬ֻǴδ
ټӷ˵뱱ƺЩ֮ʱگϸ΢ı仯϶گǵõʲô뱱ϵĴԡ
ϣʥ¶Ƿй֮Ĳ֪Ҷʱеϴ˵ģҪ˵ڹ򡭡ⲻô⡣
گ¶˼ı飬ֻЩβĵ⡣
̴л̫߳ӺͳϣоȻȡҪ򱱾ǱȻɱʧ⣬ʱɱǲ֮
ټ˵ɷ֮ǣֻҪɢȥǸ߳ȻҲʧģֱʱ˺ͣʮĻᡣ
һ۸̩󣬲ֹԸ˽Ҷʱ崨ȥʲôö֪Ҷʱ˿崨оˡ
һһҹ崨ѹһֱеǿʯһ£ʹۿҲֹסˮĵ䣬ĬĬĵš
崨ΪʲôɽϣǲΪ˵̫ضûߵ
ΪҪΪԼôĿ࣬书һϰ֮жҪⲻԶ
ˮգһһεۻţֱϣһˮۡ
ޡû¡崨ɷһѪɫ˫Цģû˶Ĺʣ
㣬ɽ˲űץţҿҿҵˡ
Ҷʱ겻ٿЦ˫ֽץ崨ַԼͷйᡣ
˿磬òԵôΪ˲Լǰ㲻һᣬʲô¶УǿԼһڡ
Ҷʱʱʵͦ޵ġҶʱû̧ͷָˮȴŵ⣬ʱ»Цң˵Ǹްǡȴþöû޹ˡ
崨Цݽǣ֪Ҷʱ꿴˫Ŀεر֣һֻ̧ĴָҶʱ۽ǣ
޾Ϳ޻
˿̴һ쳹գ΢΢һ٣Ҷʱ鶯ļ
ġ
ţҶʱþû˺ޱͷԼһʱû룬̧ͷ˫Թ飬¶ɫ
ɣ˵ɵļߣԽļӣɶԲɿ³ȥɡ崨Ŀڴ⣬ҾԸڣҪڱЩš
Ҷʱõˮ˫Ŀ˲¶ϲõĹʡ
崨ָѱһֻǿܷɰᴫţڿмûУɸ˵֪Ҫȫٱ
Χ˼ţʲô˵ɽͶ
崨ȴ΢̾һ֪ǰ˿¸ûĺ䡣
Ҳգ֪˲
ԸԼͬԴһĸԸˡ


122 
лڣֵ̾ؿųǰĸ߳ɵ˼
㡭㲻Ǳ𣡡
û밤𡣡߳΢˫ֲۣһ¾ͽŵ̹ڵأ
̫ӵ¡
߳Цһּ̧˹䣬㵨Ӳͦ𣬶븸ʵĹϵô²·Ͱų
˵ЩʱԼ˵һƻˣɻϴŭ̫Ӻݺѵһٽ㣬ǵһ
̴˿ͷһҲ˹⸸ˣ
ǣ¸ûչܷö߳ͻȻս˼һ˫۾΢΢Щʮֿ
ֻǺĵظ㣬ЩϸѾ㣬Գˡ
ʲʲô̵˲ûѪɫϷӦ˹ĿİͰ͵ûʲôϸ
¿һʼû߰ɡ߳ҡͷðսôҪ鱨˳ȥûġ
˵Ҳ¡̣߳һźۼĻȣǻزȥگˡ
̶ʱֽű˼ˣӦѾˡ
̼Ѿɵģ߳ǰ㣬¾Ϊ죬㲻¹Ҳ˵׼ϾĻͦʹģɾͲһˡ
䣬ٿ̱ڵأ޺֪߳Ƣְֻֿҵţ
Ҳ
Ҳ˵׼Ŷ߳ЦеؿϾ㴫ȥļϢܻǴæһãȥҲ˵
ҡҲȥ̴˿̷Ӧ죬ǸϢǳȥگҲһŹȥͬ·һ
ȥĶ̶Ѩˣ
ʹĶ⣬Բ߳ĿһͻȻȻм;ߵĺôˡ
̿ǰĸ߳һ־УŶ󰡣ĺӴҲǶ˼顣
ɸ߳ȴһ˼Һһˣ̲ű۾ֱӡ
ѵǵ
̴˿̸оԼʶͺ񱻳һ㣬ͷ죬̱رߣ㱼ƺ˸߳һӶıԹ
Ҳסл
---
һƺƽ˾ɲѰİȴʼԨзӿת䣬һЩӦóֵ俪ʼľǵʥϡ
ɷǣ
ֻҪˣĪǼĿȫǣ̶ʮգԲԼٶȴ˴ϱȻҲС
ֻǴʱĿȫǣϳʱڴҲĿ㣬˳۷׷ס
Ҷʱ걻ź󣬻ױ㱻ܿգΪףлѩΪĻʵռ˳á
ʹǷֹɴ˴¡
һ²ؼ̬ȣƹ֮أҲֻһ֪ץʵԵ֤ݣ߳ҲֻȽڸУ
֪گҰģ֮ͨʱϡͬʱԭ
߳ฮŴŭްûӻ֣һ̴ӻվԶ˵ͷҲ̧ǽߡ
߽вأگı»ûٿͻʧ룬ʱͤӭͷʹشʮꡣۼĪȴɳƶƣ䰲뱱ָΪ塣
Աϣ̧ۿŭյĸ߳磬ֻ
Ĳǡǡ֮˵ɡ
ԭǻŭĸ߳ͻȻƽԭٵĺƽؿף
Ϊں𣿡
׳ĬȻ߳ںͲ֪
޲ںڴˡ߳ฮʵĵȻǴ£㣬Ķ
һ̶˸ָ߳Ȼǵ˫۳ʣǹǿʢ
𣡡׾ȻЦȫȻԼҪԣ˻ϲʣϳҲֱԣҵȷֻǴʧ˻ѡ
еĲ²һ̱֤ʵ߳յ˫ȭڿڲǿסϻײӵĳ嶯
Ŀɱˣ֪ԼѱǧУں
ˣϸϳһûʲôϳ˵£һ
ͼŭԼ߳ײ
ֻû뵽ѧӷΪĻҲˣԴǳӡ
ϳȵۣڰգ㡣ȴϣ㣬СˣҸٳڲף
˻ģҶʱƹܵóڳĻ̻̣֪ͻᱻ߷硣
һ̾һǰлܵ³
ϳɥ׳꣬ԩ׵
ͻȻסԭֿʼֹסزֱϲǿ֧ס壬
׵ƫǸնտҹ䣬²֪
ҹ˾֮ʱϳҲ룬ϳһϹᣬĪϱ̫Ҫܴ˵з֮ʹ
߳羲ؿ緢йһŭ⣬ȴĿˮޱϲ
޴ӲǰõĽҪõʹ಻塣
ǲþ壬ΪɷǸþǣǽɽ
һ䣬ܶʱ̶ţȴɾֱͦżһ˫۾ֱֱĿŸ߳磬˿û˼
Ѱ
߳絭Ȼؿ
һʱ˻״صĺ⣬졣
Ϊʲôֱ㶵ؿŸ߳磬˵˵ȴ󲻾ԴǣΪβɱң
֪Ѱ޲ɱҪ˺úչ㣬㳤ꡣ߳ƿţк룬Ƶ֮ϣ䶼ӳһ㵭Ĺ⻪
ҪۿΪһУδȻ
ϡ˾ҹѾã˫Ŀϲӣʱҵˡ


123 
նݣĴιͬ˶գǴĿɹϣҲ޷˿ů⡣
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127 
˲ᣬͭƷȥָסˣ̧ͷ𽥱ȴ֪ķӦѾεһֱӦ԰
ǡ褲ڵЦ£˵ʲô
˵ĽүѾá˵ڣ԰ɴ಻㣬ǰ벽ֱֱؿ褣ʶ԰еһδһ˿
𾪲ѣɿ԰ֹס˵壬˰̾
ս½ѹȷЩͻСЩ
Լǰҵһ֪˻ҶʱĹϵ԰Ŀ΢΢룬ƺڻ䵱ʱ龰ʱҺ𾪣ݻ׳Ӧǲ
ȴôȻվһʱҾ;е˲Ŷһ¡ҲҶ࿴ȴ̲סȥҺĽԼ˭Ŷأ
ү֪ҵʱ뵽˭𣿡԰̧ͷ۽޵¶ĵĽţȻûеȵ褵ĻشֻõͷԼŵ
үʱҶ֣ΪԼᷳģһȴǳҲԸȥˡ
Ŭƽź԰ȻԼ˼ֶԼ˲ӿӵʶؾò
԰ҲҶ˵ȷԱ˴˶˲ͬⲻͬĽЩѵؿڣȴ԰˲ȥ̵һʹȴûʱȥϸΪλʹۣԽǿСС;ͲЦԽ붺Ū㣬ʵҡ
褳£˫ȭ֪𽥽գʵһֱ㵱ܵܡ
Ŷ԰ͷı飬ִֻֻٲĽϣѾ˰ס
ġЦЩɰͣס԰ͬЩֵһļ򣬡ˣͻ֪жˣ
ȷ԰ֱۣҾа
˵԰תߣ褵ֱۻڰУıӰ֪Ϊйɳ嶯׷ȥ
ǿԼģ԰ᣬʣʱ־˳ĿѣڼʹǸħߣԽԼη档
ϴãҲǸ߸ϣһƽʱ˪Ӿ˱ᣬȨģĪ˵ģɳ֮ΪѵĶҲ
ԼʲôֵĵģҲƤȥǣ˴
ԣһ
˵ԼĻΪ԰뿪ʱԵüΪįıӰ΢΢ʹԭ΢˻ĬĬתڿϵĵͼȴѲ֪Ʈδ
---
һһգҶʱе𽥽ţ崨ʱϣѾղ߶ˡ
ҹɽڴɽҹȴܶԵüΪȡ
ҶʱȻۣԱŵ崨Ҳͬ߶ԷҪӪ
ԼʮĿӪңܿЩ˿
ڽ˷ΪӣҶʱʮǣһӺһ֧񣬿һö֪
ɽбֱͨĹٵ·ΪҪרŽ񵥶гҶʱֻԼûкú˽⸽ĵΣҪ鱨ʹżҲûκ;ܴȥ
ĽŲػأҶʱƿһ϶žУȴм˸ǰʣδżУһѰ磬˵ȫȻͬ
ҶʱѸٷӣѹ

δҪʲô崨ĿҲء
ʲô֪춯ʲôѰ֮£Ҷʱļ١
ͻȻһƼӵдö˲ԼͬϢš
ֱڶٴδһĨϲѹֵسڶУɾϲ֮˳褵ڣνϢ
ңǸɶõʱ
Ҷʱҿµ½Ǵһ³һ鲼崨״ᣬҶʱվһֻڱ飬Ȼ˼һ飬

Ҷʱ㽫ϵݸֻ崨ԥؽƬָһһֵдš
ٻȻᱻ֣βܽ˵Ŀⶼۼһ
Ҷʱ꿴崨
װ³ȥ󺰴еǵע⣬ʺ취
崨üЩģƺûиõİ취
ǲôҪСģǲ̽١
ԴǷ崨û书Ҳ֣𿴹ֻ֪ܵҶʱҪ崨иһЩֻҶʱūͶѡ
Ҷʱ˼ߵӪſڣַһȻһϾֱһԵʱȥ
˱ЩţҶʱͻȻôһɤ˶һ£ͣ˽Ų
Ӫʾʼ˽ȥȻҲͻָƽҶʱһᣬǱʯˤڵϡ
ҲյǰץסҶʱ˫ֹۣʡ
ڵƻͨӰζһҪ£Ҷʱ꼸ʹȫץ˲ϵһ߼һ߹˵עϡ
ƽֹͣˣҶʱһݣעһ
Ӫ£ҹҪû˿ùԴҲпܣ
ʲô裬ǰô󺰣ˣȥסҽָ
ѾĥƵָİʹٿ˵ָһѾ˻᲻ὫҶʱָϡ
һȶųͻȻӪʺ˶һ£ֻϡһӰųȥ
ҶʱҲȻɿ˫֣ͬʱ߳һߴ׳˶Ӱ



128 
æ£֪ʲôаһ˳
ɵؿѾΪ̱ڵϵҶʱ꣬
Ҫ£ˡ
ǣҲ˿ϴקش㽫ҶʱϻȥȴͻȻһƿһǸӰ崨
ղһƬ֮ʱûгʣ
Щ벻ˣղŴŵܲˣҲٶ¶ˣ崨ҶʱڲŶݺݵ
ʵ㣬ܳͱҲˣ
£崨ŵ
ס
ڼªֻһˮ崨ȡĬΪҶʱϴ˿ڣһʱӣȴԵ
Ҳ֪ǵЩʲôҶʱţĿ˱Ĵպܿʵһǡ
Ҷʱղֵһگ⣬̩ȴ˫üǱ߿ۣиҪҪ˵µȷԵ΢Ÿղż
ڸ߳ɷ֮£Ϊ֮Ѿʮŷ֮˵䷴ӦЩطѾ𽥿ʼͼ췴ǼΪȴ˸ʡ
ʲôʣ
ǸܵˣͻȻ˵߳ȷʵΪɷǣֻӰԼע¶ϣԹ˶Է棬һʱ䲻ƽϢԣʼ˸蹦̵¡
گϾСʹ׼꣬ԱȻ㡣
ԵɢǹԭҪһΪľǶҡģڲңǾܴٱġ
ûģڼϣҲ˲ˡگ
˵̩ò˵䶼ܵɣκ˵ƿأĳȴǡô
ϡ
گ֪̩֮ܵ£ֹ̧˵ȥ
²飬Ҫһ֧һʧ
Ϸģȫ׼׵ϥأֻһ£ȱɳ
Ϊ̩Ϊĵ£ӹɣһͷǣʱȻڸ̩ߡ
δ֧·ɽݸҲֻʣĸگָ̧Ƿλǵ󼴽ͶˮԴҪ飬ҪǻδӦѸٱϣһ·Ǳ
گΪһƻ
گƴʹޣһ֧گһɢߣ߳ǰ˵Ѿˡ
οռƻҲ׼Ϯһ·ϾͿڲ֮أռ󣬸߳㷴ӦҲǻ췦ˣ
ɽٿҲҪһգӥչᣬ峿Ͽա
ȥ˾Ӫδ飬԰ƽ߳ӣѧ褵
Χ԰Ȧֱ֮ͣϣ԰΢΢һЦҲѧŹĸ߰Դ
һҹδߵ̤Ժſıⳡĳֻάһ˲԰ز˽㣬ĿȻӡ
԰̹ȻȴЩڵһĿϣܵ˵Ŀ⣬԰ֱֻһᣬ褵ļϡ
ȡͲһմȾ˸ɺѪĲš
һѪдµ鱨ö˵ĺɵһ֪ͣǸǻţǵڵĴѵʮΣʱ̡
ϵּңͲʱӦûδ͸ЩطѾһԷֱ档
˿Ҳ˲öţֱԺʯϽչ˱ãڿ˱·ĸ֡
Ȼ褺޵͢
˱ѺŶܿɼѾʼж԰ģ߶ٵүԥˣλѾλֻȥʣˡ
𣡡褵ͻȻ̧ߣҲӲ˻гڣѾگһ䲻⣬ǵ֧ԮҲϾ͵Իȥ
үһһѵùگ𣡡԰ʾκ춯ڸگж
Ҳɡ
ǿѾռȻûʱԥˡ԰һ㵲Ҫ뿪ǰ֪ʵѡﻹү򣬾ȳҶʱ崨ˣگӡ
褺γֻ֪԰ʣһֱʮֲЩ̫õԤУʶľܾ
˵ɣԼЩ翵ԤУɽİΣȻΪҪ
ͳ꣬о̲϶ۣǡ
ڵԼ
԰ûвֻ¶⼸ĵһ΢ЦĪСңиҪ󡣡
ʲôҪ󣿡
Ӧǳ䶨ʱ
褵һ԰пϣɫĺȻͻͻֱָЩ
ʲôµʱ˵Ҳ١
ǲʰʱ̶޾
ҵҪǼ׼һ֧õı밵ҹߡ
µͬʱܿľֻһֱıӰȥ̾˿Ҳת
ûǣǸӰת֮ʱͷĿȻ侲侲˿κǽŽ΢΢֡


129 
ܲճΪɽƽһɱ֮ѾգگľȻװռƻڽҹֱ
н춼ȥΨи̩УɫϵƻҪް
߳籱ϣҶʱûôҹҪӪ֮
ôگһ̩ʦģ񣬡ڶཫʿڵȥһģ㻹๱
Ҷʱʡ͵ĵƣѰ˻ԼƿأҺܿ췢Լ֮ǰ϶£ѵҲԻ˲ɣ
ڵȻѹ֣گ漴ŭɶ
ΪǸ߳һͷᱻǣ
ǲŵʲô̩ãƻȫָտɴҪһˣ֮ܳΪ󻼣
ֻҪǱľ㶼Ҫָֻǲǣ
ڶʱţ̩֪ʱ򲻿ʲôͻͻȻ£
ϳ޴⣬ֻǾô˽ƻΪؼʱ̣˲
̩ǵһҪɱҶʱ꣬گǾһ˹Ԯٷʲô±̩Юƣ˴
ɺҶʱǲ͸¶ԭ֮£ô档
ϾȡɽףôĽɲһССگɱģܵ˻ʵ۾ͽЩǶɱˣҪסȻҪи֪֮ˡ
ҶʱɾǸʵˡ
ܼ򵥣Ǳ뱣ס崨گ˵練ƣҶʱҪƵ֮ȶ֡
گȻ֪˲ܾʱҶʱǸеԼöͻúܲҡ
ʱѺӪеҶʱ崨֪ǵٴһִҶʱظе̩ɱ֮սӾ磬ʹסگ֮ʱѱᱻˮ㡣
ƺܵ˽ŵգһֱǵǸҲͲסӳӪʣ崨ţһ˿̽顣
ûԭ书ĸ֪ڣƻŴ֮ʱҶʱ룬Ӧ̫ѡ
˼ͻȻһ˼ֱʶȥ棬Ҫȥȴ⣬
ϣ֪פ׿ֿ֪ˣ
گ̩ͬʱ⣬
ˣگ̲ס쳤Ц¹ȻҲ̰֮ˣһǲ÷һһͿռ
£崨صиҶʱһҶʱվҲţ컹ţȻѴǰ
崨סҶʱ󣬡ǿĲǾƻʺ󶫲ȥ
ȻֻܴʺһӴһǱҪΧطԵüžҲ١
ȻگȻûиᣬɧ𣬼ʿĽʵʵʡ
گʵЩϲŭ޳ģѵҪڰӪǰɱˣ
̶ʮ·ͷҶʱУɽȥگֻǿһ۾ͱУʱҶʱеһĿⶤԼϡ
̧ȥֱֱ̩ضӣԷĿдźεɱ֮ҶʱʱʶگɱҪ
Ҷʱ궨͸ղһƳһֱڸ̩ߵӰ
ҪʱӦȱϯǸ·죬˿崨ҪľǰشţؽԼĴڸвǡ
ɫѺ޹˼ɵȼ𣬽ɽյͬһ㣬оѵõʮְԴǰߵϢ

һߺ˵Ŀⶼڷɱʿϣ
ϣûκһ·϶ǳѵİգŴ󿪣
گ˷ܵվɸ̩ȴ¶˼飬׿ûʲôɾôҲȷЩ˼ͻȻʵ
褽տ춯
ûУƽһҪôҪôȥӪǸĽڻʡһֱδ顣
Ҳگ˵ǰõϢϵڱۼʱѵʹ̩پҲΪĲ²ôͣͲǰϣò
һѶյð춼˺⡣
賿𣬱رڽϰҰŴگҪˣ
ʹľ𾪣ȷسǵľӣҹʰ˶ˣЩղ߹š
ϲǽϣв˰ԶţֻԶɽİڴʼųȻƵ⣬ԽԽ࣬飬һӶѣϱߵİ춼յúͮͮ
گˣǽϵǾţ˳¥򱱳ȥһʱһƬҡ
ͣ˾Ŷλͣʱǰڷأ
ˣȷǳŴ󿪣žһƬҲˡ
̩۾ԶǸԨһڵĳſڣȴƺ̫˳Ը񲻿óȻжֱҹԳٳûǰС
ϢگУòͿҲȷûףԸ˽Ҷʱ˹
׿˵Ρ
ҶʱʲôϢ޴ӵֻ֪֪ͻȻͣͲǰһ㶼ûнսļ
ʱ뵽չأʱǹڹպȾƳ⣬һټѵҲβɣ
˶
Ǹ߾ϳƵʱ͢ڷҲΪʱѦҵ͢ĸ̫ϣʶ·;ңԶҲʲôвŸ֮ˣ׿Ҳǰνˡ
ⷬʵگһٿҶʱĿдЩʶ


130 
ôãټ֣Ϣگ֪׿ûʲôܵģɸ߾ʱڵں֮ȴǺ֪ġ
Ҷʱ˵ֱ䣬گһεԼľͻȻվһѾס˰Ҷʱǰȥ
Ҷʱ겻ԣһ·ĵؾţֱߵǰ˵ս֮ϣ̩Զ
ϡ̩گǰҪ񣬿ɼгҶʱһ㶣üϴʲô
گδǸ̩ҶʱҲվֱָǰ
Ҳ
һ֮Ҷʱ꾪Ŀֵı߾󿤾һƬţŶţͽˡ
ѵû˳ԼϢ
ѵ׿Ƕӣ
ҶʱһʱЩ㱣֪Ķʵ̫٣һʱҲ֪жϡ
ҶʱϾǵй֮ˣǰʵף
̩Ҷʱ־˻˵ʲôگס̩ɱ⡣
óȻǺпܻᱻΧڳڣ˵گˣҲҶʱҲʱ뵽ܡ
Ǵ˼δϷ̫ױʶƣǶӻյ룬˳ǰ˳ɻǿճǡ
Ҷʱ궨˶񣬳
׿ǶҲǲܣ˽ΪϳһƬžӦġ
̩һҶʱ꿴һۼ
￴мݵƻδϨ˵ڸղųаδߣǿŴæߡ
ǲܴ֮±ȻҪѡϱԶı棬Աڸղǿŵġ
ϣǰڵʱȷǽЩӰǰգѺ̶ֻӡŵʿҲ
ſǰֳź̽·Ҳͬ󿪼ɸ֪
ճǸסگĲǰ£ҶʱֻܼϣյϢҪǾ̤롣
ȻһϹǰ·δ֪
˶ڽƵصȴţҶʱ꣬ԶһĹ˺ҹֱеصϢʱý
گ˫Ŀصؿڣԭ˸ŵĵƻļ䷿ҲһƬͻȻ̧۸ߺ

Ȳǰȴ̤еһ˸ԣҶʱ걾Ѱ취崨һ𣬿ҲóȻ
گ̩սнֱ̽ԴԴϵǰȷˣķŴ󿪣ս̤㣬ʻ
ֱ˳ܿʱаѸжֻ̣ɢһЩìȲЯıԼУţرĶжףگȾóЩŵûȤ
̩Ҳ˿ȻҪʤ׷ֱһݸ
²سǵıͻȻʼУɱնʱÿ䡣ٶȣൽͿɵݸ
սʮֵҶʱ˵չؼ۵˵ϰٱ
ɱţ޷ƿƽ⣬Ҷʱ궫ʮܣֱѾľȥֿҪϡ
گŲںֱǲǻãҶʱͻȻһֱס壬һսһҵᵹگķ
ҶʱͻȻ£ȫעסǰگһʶؽ˽סӳľ׵ͽҧ´
گһĽ״æ˵ϣʱ˫ĿգҲЩ鴤
ϣǵʲôɡ
گͷ鿴ֻ˲δԣɺѾԼƣսȻĵ£Ҷʱͷؿ˵ذϣûӦģʶıԼ
ɰ󡣡
گԸɿͬʱҶʱѾյϵ˫֣ιˮ
ɺĮɤڵõһ˿Ҷʱ꽥ס壬ֹͣ˲ֻһ˫ִ˿̻δȫָһ¾̰ʹ
ǰ
Ҷʱװδָбһǣһ߻˫һ߰˼
һ·ϼһֱֵļУٶҲ˵һ·ϸûκ谭ûյԼϢôҲ÷Ӧ˰ɣΪһûС
ܿͻᵽﶨݸˣݸڶݸλüΪҪسǾ䲻褣ԶҪǿ١
گбһɫҰ׵Ҷʱ꣬Цһ
ɫôΪɽ
ҶʱƺǷ˺ܴ˫ۣѵ
ҴδսЩܲס
ݵسǽΣ
Ҷʱ괹ϲ°سǱȻƴֿò
گ΢΢üȻ֪س֮϶֣˿Ҷʱˡʵʮ⣬
Ƴ֮ߣ
ϸ߿ˣһĶñҶʱֱЩӣǻ˵Ͼݰٱʮ֮ڱض¡
²֪ɡگ͸һ˿⣬߳򱱾ϱݸرڱĪ˵ʮգ֮ڱܽ¡
˵߳
Ҷʱʹͫ΢΢Ϣէһüһ亹ֻһ˲˲̧˫ֻ֮ʣЦ
ǾҪǰϣȻڲ֮ء
گĵԱԴȻʮá
Ҷʱԭڲ֪սĲѣԾ˶һ㣬ɲǼһɡ
֪϶Ȼڴʱܻϲ֧Ԯּ⣬ôȻӦԵļƲߡ
ҶʱϵĬ
ʱ
ϣҲ崨ϵʧ书弫ٰȥǿסˡ
ءگҶʱĿдһЩ˵ϷʣȻЩʲôҶʱ겢⡣
ϾԼگãҪôס崨گΪ崨ԽҪԽá
м˼Ҫ𣿡һ˫ɷ˫Ŀ͸˳ᢵţʵڶݺĶñ¡
Ҷʱͷͻһɵס˺
Խ˶ݣߺܿͻӣǵֿкã
л˵
⼸±ǿ̫д׵ͼ
ճǣммСؿѱگռ죩ݸݸͶ


131 
Խ򱱣Խ䡣
һ֧Լ˵ȴҹ̣ԭյ·̣ձ㵽ʹںҲӲĺʪ
һɽİڴаգ۾ŵɽĳڡ
԰һ֧䲻࣬һʮижԵʮϤ֮ˡ
ˣ˵ȻЩ·ӦǻҪȵ̽һɽʱӦòá
׷
˷԰ȴڲͣ˼š
ɽ·ڵͼϿУͨʿ˾Ȼǡ
˿ǲװ٣Ī˵ǣǽӦҲǲģǵĿĻʲô
԰һʱ벻Ҫȥֹ
ݸȻδõսµϢ;ụ̃һ;󣬿ۿҪݸĴţȴδʲô쳣֮ˡ
԰ͣΪӣһڳѲ飬ֱ࣬Ǳڸ̽顣
԰һһλмģⰲŸһԵԼگΪϤ
˿һѽݸڣֵ磬Ĵֵý
ô˴˿һ¥Ķ¥һֿڣȥҰʮֿһо۵ס
ȷʵ죬²͸Ҫʲô˵ţһ˫ӥһ㶢·ϵÿһˣگԭʿԵĲͬϣܴȺпһ
ȥСտʲôͬѰ֮£ȥǱ߿ջʡ԰ԸΧ̽ΪҪЩʱ䣬ɲһʱ䣬һ˱ҴҶ顣
ˣС˵ȷ˼ֹ֮ˣʮʵǴ̽ˮԴڡ
ˮԴ
԰뼾ʱս˽նʱýš
Ǽ˵ģزķҪռķˮԴΪ֮ˮ
СҲ˵ˣˮԴʮҪʱ̶رأȡˮ²ףǼҲû˵ʲôˡ
Ȼܿ϶گˣˮԴ֮ҪԶʲôֽȫ̼
ȥ֪֪ͨȥˮԴ԰Ըˣȥһҵͬȥ֪ûϡ
԰ֽ𣬡ǱˮԴ
˿ʱֵϦ䣬̹ǣֵϵ´ŲӴҴҹңԽԽ١
ݵˮԴǵһͨ˴ݸ߳ɵˮԴڴ˾԰˸ϵѺ͸ſڸһϣÿԿˮԴ
Ǳ¶⣬һССˮܶбʿؿʮףͨƽݣҲ
Ĺڽʿ˵ǲģ԰ȻԶ԰ߣ˫ۣ߾ͺƿһһ㡣
ܿһƽ԰ͻȻҲ˽ϣ֪ȻǷʲôҲ˲ס˺һ˿
Ӱ˾ǰ䷿ݵĵطǸЩ԰۾ںҹͬ^ǵһһ۵ס
ǣ˵䲻㶥⣬һһЩԼЩࡣ
԰ЩſǾҪʲô
һᣬⱾʮѰһǰһӰ֧һֱſŵ壬Ҳ
԰ԣɼȻɴ˫ۣѹԼ˵һ֣

Ȼ⻰ڶߣֻһʿλƵ£ŽӶ߸ʿҲ¡
گ¶˳ﶾǳõʽҲҿûп̫Ȼ·ڴҲ⡣
ڴ˿ҲԶ϶Щͼı֮˾گˣ
ݳɣҪǽ뵽ˮ֮ǰֹ԰γ˲ѥеذףչӥϢشӱѸٿˣֱӻΪ֮ˣذ׼֮ʱһ㿪
԰һ̽׼Ա˵ĲӣֻûƤĶ׼Ѹ罦ѪδմȾһΡ
һƺգ۵Ĺͽˣ԰˵Ŀж𾪣ǶԷǸͷ֮ˣüͷһ
վ԰ʱԶ࿴һۣ԰
ʶ㡣
˸ϵüװ磬һҲעԷһ֮ҲȻһüİ̺ϵãگΪҪһˡ
Ǹͷߵľ书䲻㣬گʹӡ԰ѿʼü֡
԰ͷҲѡվϷڵԭ򣬿ɲǾ뾮ڸпת˲Ͷֹ
ԮӦòܾˣҪҪʱ䡣
ǰɣ԰ͻȻ壬û֮ǰ䱸״̬Ϊ
֪Ѿ¶ĬĬԼתｫͶȥٶȣûܿ԰
˭԰ǰɣٻƺҲ֮⡣
԰ѵҲԮ
һʱ䣬˫˭ҲûشԷ⣬
þ˵Զľ룬ڼƴ˭ȵ
ԶһOO@@Ƿ紵֦Ѿ

԰һżһӳࡣ
ˣǵȵˡ


132 
Ѹٱֻǰһ˼βסΣͬʱֱϵʧˣߵ鷢ɴ˫ۣ
԰Ӱûκͣ٣һ㣬һŴ
ϣôһؿ԰½ǣһͬʧڣȻνݺҧ˹ȥƴסŵһˣҲֻת˲ղʩҲ
԰ľţڽŵһ˲ҲҲھһˮˮȻ
Ķϸܵĺ飬ǿƵ涨ǲܿǰ֣֪ģööԸϾˣԼĪҲͰĹ
ֻҪǽܲסǰɡ
㾿ʲôˡڰ֮пĿű΢΢սǰվñֱӰ
԰ֻǶǸŷĹյ΢΢ĴƿǶҪͶ뾮֮
ӦǶɡ
԰ϢķŲŽŲϸ΢ļţɴʱͻȻһƺߣҵؽŲԽԽ
Ųסˣٵȥˣ
԰Ȼǰһ˲䣬Ҳһ˲洳һب˶м䣬԰˲ν˴ȥͬʱƶʯĶ
ʯǣΪȡһʱ䡣
԰һ֮ھͽ˴ˣȥļ֧ţֻһ
ס
ü򽫳صʯŲо԰ĽӽʱѲټǰһϸķ϶ƿӰοֶЩ
ζѾƮɢƿеҺۿҪƿڵ䣬һһʧ׼ͷ˾ϼΡ
ȻʹָȴͷҲûһ£ٴζ׼϶Ҫƿ֮ﵹ롣
üͷ΢ۿɫҺƿӿȴڼ뾮еһɲǣһֻȻǰҺ御ġ
˲ջΪȭݺݻĿڣһëȻĹͷѵҽһײ˱ʯ̣ջһѪ
԰ʪģζŻԷһȽ˻ȥ
߹Ѿѣ޴ʹʹɫҰף˫Ŀɺ졣
һѣ
ɽĲԴ֮У벻ͨôѸٵжα褵֪ģΪλ书˸ǿ֮ˡ
Ǿε֪ġ
԰𽣣ûһ㣬һûָļ
Ǻǡȡ״̲סЦɶϹǵʹЦŤ£ΪǶ𣿡
׼ǰŵ԰ڻͷһ۵ڵϵ
ˡúܲҡ˫Цŷȴĺ⣬ߡ𣿡
մ˾ϴˡúܲҡ
԰Ȼֹס˽ŲѾɺԵĽɫۼɢζûпϣģʧĻ档
԰ֻǳԼһǰסǸƣ˺һزžԼϵҺ壬ߵǰڵϵĴƿ˻С
ƺʹЩ㶵ؿ԰Ķ
߲
մϲҲûã
;һͷὫ䴫ȥˣ֪жʹģϾͻ֪
Ϊʲô¡
԰վǰĿ̶һƽؿͺմȾĲһ㡣
˿ͻȻӣ֪
ĽŲԽԽ԰۾ڳһ˿̧ͷǰŴһۣȻУȻشӺ󴰷ʧīҹ֮С
---
ݸмССأЩط伸˿ճǲδǷΪ˷ֹ褴ӺϮرگÿһطפصıҲǵȴɽʱѼķ֮һ
ֱݳ£˵һǽϵƴˢˢر˹ңڽ˸ɫĹâ
گ֮ͣⲻǰ̩վڸߴս֮Զֻǽ֮ϣפǽѹȴֳֳìȻ߻վһĸߴĽ죬ȫΪĹꡣ
ۺ졣
һ˫ʧأҶʱԣԻƴֿڸ̩вЩʱնѡ
Щڸ߳Ϊ⼸ƽȣɹɲظݾصùó㡣
ݳڲر߽˴һͬ£ĿǰĶݲǱ㣬ʳ᧿Σ
̩ԵʮУطһһ䣬ΧҲܽΧοӦѾ֣ʱگڲ֮ء
گ붨ݳңңӪʣ˾ա
֪ڣһмѰڷһ޴ɳ̣ڷžƣλϵļȲǶ֪Ҳ˧꣬µĸ߳硣
ϣگѷɢ˽ĳɱԳԸ̩˽⣬ûеǲܷô;ġüͷǻʲôΪ֪С
˵ǷԺ󷽹ƣ±Ҳ߳˼ţ޴ֻµıֻ࣬˵䵣ĺ󷽣ǰս¼ġ
ͻȻͨݸ
ݣ
󷽻δսΪλмȴδ뵽һ⼸յɻ
ЩȻҪУŭɶҶʶƣȻΣӣ
԰λӢ۰
԰޵ĵܵܡ߳ɫڷϵֻȻսȥңҵ
֮ţֽ߳סĿתһ˿Ȼ̫ҽһҵˡĪ׿
л˵
ٴηСͼ
ճǣммСؿѱگռ죩ݸݸͶ


133 
ʵĳǽ֮ϣ綼ԵøΪվȥͿԿѹѹӪʡ
ʱǶߣȴġ
߳ڳ¥Զվаգ֪ڰӪ֮ʱʱ껹ţܴϢʱگΪˣԼ¼ŭگ
ԶԶŸ߳粻ɵƣΪۼگ̤ԤõȦףȴΪһ˶ٳٲ
ȻΪϿɵڳϵΪΪһ˰گƤӵţľʮֱơ
˾ˣϷʵ⣡Ǹֱڿģ޷ֱ๻ϣҲʵ̲ס˾ҹ˵䣬ɷ򲻾СڣΪһʱŮ鳤ַţοǸ
ص̾˿δ˵꣬˾ҹס
ʹҶʱݵӪʹѾ֪گɢ߲鱨ͳ˶ҶʱӡȻǸȻ֮ˡ
˾ҹ֪ͷΪ˵ǣҲ֪򵥵ļ仰ǲܸıĿͬҲ޷ı˵Ŀ
ļβܽǧоȳ
⡭䲻⣬ȴ˶Ҳǽս·Ľԭ򣬡ҶگѱʶƣݾٵգǱҲϢˡ
䣬һնƵƽͻȻƳգ˲Լ̧ͬͷֻһֱ͵ӥչſĳͷ
˶ʱΪ֮һѶ
ӥͬҲگӪϷҶʱ崨ĶͬʱһͣȥۼӹگϿնֱݳǶȥ
ԣĳ־Ǹ⣬ΨһĿҪڶݣҲսӦб䣡
ΣҶʱ崨мɣ
ĳɡ崨΢΢󣬡Ƕ֣̫ࡣ
崨ϵ书Ϊ۷书ʧҲģҶԼ˺ָѲܡ
ҶگãɱҵġҶʱȰţսͳӳȥ
崨˵ʲôͻȻʿһ˽ʣ˶һۣ޷ȴԼͬز䡣
ھȻصӶˣһֱû춯ǵΪŽ£ҡҾͶû̫䱸˽ʾ͹ڵأȱ㼱
ʲôگȻ𣬼絽ʿǰ˵ȥ
ҹ˯֮ʱӪΧ֪ʱ˻͵ȼһʱӪͬӳȥҲڳڵһפرȫû
گɫ˲࣬ͻȻëȻ亹ʱѴҶûͣʱǱפһҹ룡
ԭ˹Ȼ˽թگҧ޵
׼һ㣬һʹ˴ƳǶ룬һأٳ£ƴֿ٣ʵԵ
׿ܣᣡگţѾݶ룬Ǵ˿ܵУǰĶݾȻҳʱǱǰлȻΣӣ
Īң̩˵Ӧѵ֣߲Ӽ죬ֻҪǱߣݳҲǼյ¡
گҲ򾲣ǻܶסգ
·һգ໹գ
滹һؿɵ˵Լա
վˣȴֻžžεѹÿͷÿ˶ᵽһ˿
ٳųšگһ˫ۺݺݶɳ̣糣װи
ͻȻ̧ۿ̩ǾǷⶾŰɡ
ʵͻȻֻӰζЩüͷʼȴǳ˽Ųһ˿Ҳû˷ŵ˲ӡ
ҶʱǰĻӳ˫䣬Ѵʴƿ
֪ʲô
ֱҹҲŴ򿪸ֹϣOO@@һſڴ¡
ʸһڣӦҲ֪Щ
ҶʱĴս
磬㻹δ÷ɣҸ˸
Ҷʱʱ߻̽һȦ˵Ǳʱʱ̸
շæֱղŲŻ࣬ˡӹֺǺǵҧһڣĿҲ࣬лһ
ƽնչˡɰ͵úܣҶʱһˮӵǷʲôˣΣհɡ
ӪﶼǲںҶʱĿвһ˿οģ¡
ѹɤ˵ղҲģ̲סսЩ˵̩зⶾţվ׼ݵݳȥսض򿪣ֻҪôһ򿪣ɡ
ҶʱһľȫڵһƬס˷׵ɫһǲսʤ
ǿɲ͸һ˿⣬˴Խ˶ݣֱӵͶ߲ضˡ
ҶʱһͣԼԵòô
ϵ۲Ŵԣԭָտɴ
ǿɲ
ճ˾æ˿ˮϺ͸̩Ҫȥˡ
뿪ʵһ˲䣬һֱװ˯崨ɫء
崨ҵģ
崨ѾµһĬ
ţߡ俴ĿҶʱ侲Ҽᶨÿһսɽܳȥֻ㡣
ˣҪô졣
崨Ī˵ڵĳɹֻԱʮʮɱʮˣܴҳ֮𣿡
ǽҹƺʲô£һ𣬱ĵطҲͶ࣬ʧʱ
ɡ
崨㽫ϢݣȻ߹ĶпܱסȻʱ뷢˭֪ҶУ
崨ڳһ˿β֪ΣӣҾһ䣬Ҳˣ㵱ν͡
㻹Ų𣿡ҶʱЦЦеţ˲ɵŷҲȥǸ̩Ըگɵġ
ʱȻǼ̸ȥˣ崨ͻȻסҶʱ꣬һ˲е˱ͬ˫ֻۣǲһ˿ͺҪԶһ
һСġ
崨һһ
˵꣬ʲôһȻſҶʱ꣬⽻ӳ֮£Ҷʱŵһ彣
崨ΣȫϢȴԶ˼ĶҲ֮˻
Ҷʱһ崨Ҫº·ҳһţϾͻ˴Ӫʲ鿴Ҷʱ֪ԥһһӪʣǱԱߵӰ֮С


134 
Զܶ˳Ǳ߼ᣬҶʱ׷۾Աߵģ̩Ӫʡ
گ̩ǰпһˣƺҲ߿յܾãܳɡ
ҶʱŰӰѸٿӪʣƺֻһ͵ƣԵʮֻ谵ʱϸҲ졣
Ҷʱָ⹴סƿһ϶ʲôҲ壬ΨһȷûκӰĻζ
˵ǼٵģҶʱúɣ˫ҲЩ΢ɽϵĶȴôҪĶһѸ̩İȥŵϰڷŵһͭľС
ͻȻһͷҶʱУȻһ֪ãѸȥ
ɲֻһƿһϤһ˿
ϣοˣ
мˣ
ڿǸľеһ˲䣬Ҷʱ֪Լмˡ
ôҪĶʹţԸ̩Ľ̶ȣҲܾذڰϣڲһˡ
ӪһŲеĵƻ𶼱ȼһʱھͺưһ㣬̵۾Щʹ
Ҷʱֱͦ˱תһ˫ڰ׷һֱĺ;£ôֱֱˣʹ˫׺ݵĿгɱ⡣
Ҷʱ꣬Ȼƭ˱
쳯ӣЧСҶʱؿگصվ΢΢°ȴͬڸλˡ
Ҷʱ겻м飬̩ļ߶گ߷߽ӣŭ
ֻöߡһǰһ֣ɼĻ׵Ҷʱ꾱ϣ鷢֮Ʈ䣬ʺֻʣһ硣
Ҷʱ۽΢ȴδŲһ¡
֪ĽõͷȻ岢һȻѡΪҶģǷⶾŵĴڡ
Ҷʱ꣬ڵºúÿţṳ̋ƽԭν߳ڽ£һͳ£仰ÿֶͬмگĺĵ֮ϣҶʱЦһ˫ۣη̧ʼҲδگһ
گŭһ󽫶ͻһߺ

һʿſڣͷҲ̧
ϣҶʱһǸˡ
گŭ⣬ô˾һˣ
ϡҲΪӦܣ˭֪֪ʱָ书ǻɱһҲûֵãӦҲԻˡ
ҶʱȻյ˫ȭţָ۽ģʹǿԼ侲
űǼٵģǱҲӦס̩ƽϣܳȥҲı䲻ʲô
گĿٴҶʱϣͻȻЦҶʱ꣬ͻȻ뵽˼淨
׸ҶʱԿһگ𻰡
˵ķôǸϼһΪһΪ嶯Ű壬¶Ҳʹɡ
Ҷʱ겻شگȴҲؼմǣͷҿѡ񣿡
ǡҶʱ국һЦ㡣
ֲڵݽƤεκ飬ϴק˫۵ҶʱֻñʲôطȻΰһ֮ϡ
Ŀӣڲԣֻжʱʱս˻֪ԼӦӪ
ôһֱĿڵǿڷǿŵҲͻȻһ¾úƱվš
ʲôԼп¾ͬһɳӰ㰭ۣگ뿴ģԼĵģ
Լã󵹻Ը
ΧܰҶʱϸţҲһȻ־úЦʲôʱҪơ
ҶʱһڱϢӲֻź
ԭ˭֪һλһԭԼô໰˵ȴҲ˵ڡ
ϣ
Ҽǵ˵ţ˵Ҳš
ʵǻҾ͵͵ţҪͺˣҴžͲôһ壬ôһӵݡ
࣬޹˼ɡ
Ҷʱҵţ֪ʲôʱ־ʼûجج֪Լ˯ŻţҲ֪׹ȥ˶á
һ˻ڶͻ죬ҶʱֻǱͻȻݺ߬Ȼ侪ѡ
ɲźڲʲôɶӲѣ˷Ҷʱ껺̧˵ʹͷگԣǽҪս
¿ʼҡΣľ֨֨¸µĹҶʱ֪Լһս֮ϡ
бһҹҶʱϼѾľսҡʲôҲˣ֪˶ãսȻͣ¡
ҶʱţһŴĿĹش˫ۣ۾ֱʹ˲Żſ
ǰǶݳǸߴʵĳǽɫשʯ޴ҺأҶʱ΢΢˫ۣԿǳǽϵӰ
ȥ֪Լ飬Լһһǧǰˡ
˰ɡºڲĽʮֵ⣬ЩͶʯ֮ϿɲһĹʯһҹȥĶըöݱɰǡ
ҶʱȻ̧ͷš
Ͷʯ̿ɱЩԶö࣬͵ſǳǽϵжҰɡЦţŶԣ㿴ˣΪܿͻһɸˡ
ЦսȻõݺϿȥƥʹ˻һҵļһ㼱ٳǰһʱԶݳǽֻܼһŻɳ߸ǽٶ


135 
ǽ˵۾סǸɳЮսگʹʲôУһʱеĹҽļⶼָ
ƺҲܵɱŲͣ˾ǽٳ֮ס̤ǣԵЩꡣ
̽ɢȥǽ˶¶˲ս֮ϻǸֹ֮УȴΨû뵽һʮ˱֮ϡ
ʮֵʹͷǰҵķ˿ȿĿҲ֪ǻһگ̴ӵĴɻ󣬲֪گʹʲô
ʲô˼궢һһս俴ûʲôвù׼ţԷͻ䡣
ͻȻȫעǰĹ걻һ޴ƿʣȴԭں󷽵ĸ߳磬
ϣ
߳ûһ˼ײڳǽ֮ϣ弫ǰţǽשһ˫ҪݺݿٽȥûѪɫ
˾ҹҲսͬʱҲ塣
߳ŵصǰĿǵʹͷϣһʱǧ˵Ŀⶼªս֮ϣѻȸ
ղźֱײĳͼ޷ĺĻɳҶʱ꼸֧Ųסؿ˼֪˫⼸¶ʱ˶ס˺
ҶʱŬ˱ɳĥѪ˿˫ۣˮʼܿƵعʶֱֲ̧̧Լס˫Ѽû֪
ˣɡ
еˮų̫ڳ۽֮ϣһ˫ʹգȴ˦յЩѣΡ
ʱ꣡
֣ôڽԼ
ҶʱͻȻϢš
ʱ꣡
ûڿտսϣҶʱ㱼ΪԼ˼˻ȥҲͲ̫ź
һڶߣһʵԶȥ־ѾɺԵ˫̧ȥ
ٳߣ˭Ҳ˭һ˲ֻ֪ĿӺļ״Ĳ
ǽеļˢˢĹâʧеĹֽջأ׼ɱȻʧ
ǻϣ
ˮٴαӿⲻǱɰƳʹ͸ǸҪ̽ǽ壬קˡ
ҶʱߺһֻĬĬˮգʲôܻӦ֪ǳǽվźˡ
ƥƺҲܵɱˣٴ̤ǰŴȥֻЩͻȻһͻһʱɳգʧɫҲңңȴŵĿ⡣
ͳĺŽƴļ䷢飬ҶʱһȥֻԶԭĬĴ˼֮һ˲ƺڲͶʯĳֹ졣
Ҷʱ˿̲źƴӻججоѣͶʯװŵģǶ
ǵͶʯжҶʱ꼸ƴһ˻ţǿ
֪ԼǷܴ磬ǸһֱԼӰͻȻֱҶʱ꾡سţ֪ͽ͡
ǽԣͶʯԶԶڹǴеġ
ǹĳǰĻɳҶʱļȴް취һ̧۳ǽӰȴʧˡ
أ
ҶʱҵڳǽѰţɵĿɨĳ¥һĳԭأֻڳ¥İӰ֮УһĶԼķ
ǡ
糱ˮӿ룬ϳˣǻڣ
ϲһϯҶʱ꣬ͬʱͷ˲䷢顣
֪֮ͬòһ㲻һѪⶼᱻ˺ƬΪҽ
һֱģչѪģĳڲܿƵӳǰҲ֪ѵ˼޻ǱеʴҶʱĺԽԽ٣Ż¡
ǿҧٴǽ֮ϣ罥ЪûпûлϵӰѵ
ҶʱȻ׹϶˳ǽ
ٴλͷگѱƽͶʯǰһööڵĿƾʯһĶƴûʱˣ
Ҷʱ̧ͷųǽߺ
꣬ս
˻ߵĺսҲûĳ档
ӸղŻϺУ֪ⱻս֮ϵˣȻǸеĻ¹Ҷʱ꣬Ҳǳٳûгگԭ
ȻֱԼսŤʸ߳磬ȴ˲֪ʱˡ
һ亹֪Ҷʱڻеλãڻʹδ԰Ρ
ѵҪţ
죡æԸ߸ǼȥûϽŴ򿪣
ͬļ٣Ϊ뿪ֻΪƿǲƣگٿЩͿûڣΪҶʱ꼱սѵگǰյвɣ
еĶ϶ҶʱڻɳѪȴδù궯ϰ֣ҶʱشϢţߣ۶Ϊľ
صĳѽߵˣ߳￥ȴ˫Ŀɺ죬üͷΪȵĽ뽹ƶţĿɨǾ޴ԼΧѾסıӹɣ
Ÿ޴򿪣
ɡܳŵĽ챻ò˵ȴӲͷƤɹδ
ǻϣ޵Ļʥּ߳ŭڣʹ߸ͬ겻̤Žµש㵨ҿּ
ʹǰǻϣɽս֮ʱǴɣ䲻֪ʲôʲôأ彣ҧ򵹣
޹ˡּ
㣡
ϣ˾ҹſ˫۵ǰĿȻء
˾ҹҲҪֹڰٳ֮⣬گԶֻҪ򿪣߳˫ֻܿʹֻҪһʱ䣬Ҿܴ
ʱ곤󣬿ЩһУʹ˾ҹ۵׵ʹཥگת˲ƴһҲŴ򿪣
˾ҹ̧ͷ΢Ÿ߳磬ϡ಻Ը
߳ԭأԸٴ𣬲Ըӡ֤ѦǬһ˵Ķģţ
꣬ԥʲôƾ죬˶Ϊ֮һ𣬲Լͬؿķ
ͶʯϵǶͶǣͬ类ɰݺĥĪģ𣡵ȼȼ


136 
߳ɫȻɷףŵؿȽյĳţ˼ǴϻĵҪ¥֮ϡ
ˣڳ¥еĻڣںȼڡ
ԣԲԣ
ʱں֮ٴվð֮踵ƹ߳綼û˺¹üҪֺȫоһ
һѣΣ²ȿյ˲䣬Χ˵ľи̨߳ף䱻˲ϵ˾ҹסĸ˫ʹӲȴڰյĽȴͻȻǰ
ϡҶʱ˻Լصһ㣬ɲǼڵľһǵض߳һ֪ʹϢζͣ£ʹ·ѾҲƾű¥֮ϳȥ
꣡˻δЪӳȴǳ¥ڵһ˿⣬˲䱻ߣɸ߳Ӧһľ캳춯أ˶ſð̵ĻڣΪ֮𺳡

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˾ҹڶߺʲôǰֻ߳죬ľȻؿľͺȥһ㡣
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ƵıˮйͻһѾɾĵˣɼʹңȺ鼤ھѾƬǰʱ̲סһۡ
ǸڵƴƬѱѪȾˣľ֮ĵǺˣ
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Ҫģ˭Ҳߣ
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ǰһһУ߳ǿ˲ϷӿϵָĲ̽ҶʱĿڱǡ
΢޷֪Ϣָһ˲߳粻֪Լÿ޻ǸЦţţ
ϣ
˾ҹذ׸СҪѾ̱壬

߳絥ϥŵأᶨСĵؽһ㱧뻳Уȵ˾ҹͷͻЩŵ̧ͷ
߳ȵؽ˱ڻУҼʵ
˾ҹȻˣ˿̵ĸ߳жҺ޴룬ڵǵҶʱ̵Ƕǽڵɵ¡
˿̵սĽŲ
˿̵ǰԴԴϵıԳб
߳绺ţͬһ䱦ÿһС΢
䣬̡߳ţţֻ׼˯һСȻѹʥּ

߳˼ǣ׻ͷȴûһܻʱꡣ
е˰ģǳѪڼӲϣһѪ黬⣬̶ţţҡҡλε׹˲ʧ
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ǹԺ뵽ģΨһĴʣȴ˵ڣΪҶʱ꣬޷Իǻε˫
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Ҳھ㣬ʶҲ롣߳ḧҶʱգԭҲΪӵеģɽ㣬Ҷˡ
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ʵмһֱûͬ㽲ҸһĹûһ𡣡
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˵òá


137 
Ȼʧվھſڣڲ֪ΪʲôָһͬΪľһ̡
ɻ˵Ϊʲôˡ
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ǰģģĶǴҴææڳŴıɲ֪ΪΣȻһ̧ˮ˫ۣȻȴ˳
æȥᣬȴʱԭء
һˣŵһꡣ
񳣬շƺ޹أˡ
ǡһףɹű۵ǰ
λˣʦǲܵˣġ١΢ЦŽͣùֱӴԭء
ǲܵˣ
Ǹ˵еĻɣ
֣ͻȻ߳ʹδòж༱У
Դ֪ΣֻѦǬһͽ١һأоҲ֪Ϊλη壬Զۡ
һ̴ҹ󷽵گǰش̾ɢӣңлֱگɾ
˾ҹֱȡگ׼褻׽˸̩һսԴ˱گ
һгƺ޹أû֪浽׷ʲô˭ҲȥĿ붨ꡣ
˾ˡҲ˵ԼΪβҿǾʣȴǡ
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㲻ٶڵһԼһɳƶƣȻһˡ
ãҲŬԼƽ˵˵սɡ
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˾ҹ湻ģĶѧ书ٳ֮͸ƵͻȻ˾վگǰˣ۾ɵϴ󣬻ûӦͷ͵ˣ˵Ц𣿡
ŶˣҶʱҲҵˣڶݳǣûüôˡ
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㲻԰ԳЦЦϲǲϲΪȰǿԼĪ˵ģǺúõҲӲ㡣
Ҳǡδ˵꣬ͻȻһɵζѸӿ˲ɫתűߣϵľʹſź飬
԰


138 
̤һҾ͵ȼ͡԰ӻóʯƽؿ褣߲گԸҳģ֣ԴȷԼȾҾˡ
԰˶٣ллʤ̵ϢԸǣҡ
Ը𣡡԰ƤѾʼǵãһɫҲûҰܣһ˫Ƶ˫һ˿ϣ
ԼԸȥػ˱ģʹĸۿûйɬһֱֱؿǽǵ԰
㣬ҵ㣬ұظҽ
԰ĽʪһƬ̱ǵζԽԽŨŻʯ仰ԵһȴԸ߾ţδһһеһ˿ұ褾۵ס
԰ԸҲνӵ֦ȴҵԸ
褣԰˫ֿʯڲָҲϲˣȥ
֪԰ǳģ褵ȴĻȥԭԼĽһٻҲõĵز
޷˵Ľ֮԰ЩĻ֮жܡ
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Բ𣬵Ҿ׵Ӧû̫١褵ᣬȴû˿ɡ
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ת˲֮褵תµڲҲδ˴һĿڣۣ
ݺԴ褼־ظڸղһ˲䣬ԺѾֳͬھĸ֡
ɫ׺ݣת𷽲ŵ֦ݸ԰֪ڲԸ㣬ҲԣҪǶ߲һôѰҽҩվھߡ
԰ǰȵݹ֦ŲѾòĲַ̧ȥ̧ͷ褵˫ۣ
á
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گǵˣߣҴȥҴ򡣡褳԰ЦûûΣתͷȴɲǼɫʹӯ˫ۣߵÿһԵòĳء
Ӱһһȳһգһ鸡ȴߵ쳣ᶨ
ȣ
İɣûϡ
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ھˡ
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ҶʱûůˣѾˣȴòۣӻ磬ʲôԸ롣
Ը俪ʼҲܿƵһһ룬ٿگִگɽһطһǰϵظ֡
ɵÿʼ٣ů֪ʱһҶʱ룬ȴţٿȻʶԼս֮ϣǰĳ¥֮ϵģǣҵǸˣ޷ƽź
岻ƿںֱȴΪ
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ʱꣿ
ԶԶĸǽ֮ϣôڶߣ
ͬؽ࣬ת˲ߵһӰ٣Ҷʱͬ˯ͻȻѣصһȻ˫ۡ
ģǰһдδİٴɻҶʱ꿴Լ֣ϤȵĴƽԼĽסǴоʵ
ѾˣŵԼսԼ߾춯صܻԼѾˡ
˵ˣڹκǰῴ޷ͻ顣Ҷʱţһ˫۾ܵؿߵĸ߳磬֧Լ塣
Ȼһ˿ʹûС
ϣҶʱ̽ؽһỽ΢ĸ߳磬û뵽ǰܼš
ǰ˲û˵ԼĻþҶʱҲ⣬ſ˫۽ס˸߳磬ȻظоͬסԼһ˫֡
㿴ܱɹǾ˵תͶ̥Ҷʱ̾˿źȴҲˣ±ӦþͲôһӣ߻Ǹ㲢ݡ
ͦµģҪκźô죬ҪҾ͵͵ɡҶʱ̧ͷвΣҾ㡣
һʱұһ׷ԲԵͷ᲻ң


139 
ԭ˵Ҷʱ˾ϲĻȣת˲ֿ˵һˡ
ʲộ̵ģһĸ涯ҿô졣
Ҷʱеԭḧ󱳵ȻһͷһΣ˺Ȼͱ
ҿɴδṆ̀ĪԼϹ룡
棿ǰ͵ˣҶʱЦ̣˵þ֮Ӧ˵ĶĻȻˡ
ǰĸ߳Ȼεüͷ˵ЩʲôȴۿҶʱ𽥷˺Ρ
ûѪɫٴһ㵭ķۣ߳ʱ䱯ϲӣһɬ˵ĻȫС
ȴһ˫ЩȻģȴ״Ĵӭǰഥһ˲һֱѹֵ˲ѡ
Ǹ߳绹Ҷʱ꣬ڱɲǼۿǺξһ㣬˶Сţ˫ֶԼͬԽԽҪΪһһ㣬һ˿һķ϶
ѦǬһѹȥգʹ߳ΪѾ㹻侲ΪһǶѣΪ֮ݡ
еѵʱʧһ㣬ɸ߳ɺݺݱţͺȷĴڡ
Ŀ־壬ʧá
һǵȵʵ̫ãһѾ޹ֻеȷĴڡ
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Ҷʱ꿪ʼЩ㱣ѵҲеӵǣҲ㼱ٵشϢ
ḧԼĿڣ
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Ҷʱ걻ȴʯͷˣʳָһ㣬ǹâͬˮ˳ָѶϣһȵĸоʱ͸ֱֱָļ䡣
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⡭ⲻǻþԲԡ
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ϿԸ
ѦǬһԼʱĵһ仰ʱѾѾˣǿԼ侲ؽʱŵϢ
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仰һ⣬׹Ԩĸ߳˲份ѣ˭ԸȥʲôΣֻҪܾȻʱ꣬ûʲôܴӦģɡ
ֻ͡ʮ𣿡
ۼڼͻȻʮ飬֪߳Լ󣬿ȴѦǬһ۵׵һ˿ԥ
а취ǲǣ
⡭ѦǬһεҡҡͷ̯֣һö޹СʯͷģʯƶȡһǾͻУҶʱ޷̫࣬ԼеʮǼޡ
ǻ乲ɽϵٹѦǬһζؿŸ߳磬ϿԸ
˫ۻת͸ʹȴҲӹɵļᶨֻʮ飬ԶɹԸͬ
ѦǬһЦȻȻ
ûм˵ȥ߳ҲûʣѾõҪĴˣ㲻Ҫ
߳罫ҶʱȴԾָöӨŹĵ׹ʱ
ܾɣͬκʱٸҲ١
ϣĪҡ
ʲôҶʱ̧ͷʲô
ûʲô߳˶ؾʲôǱģʲôС
ҶʱԲźۼһ̾ϢҾúۣҲ֪ǰԼִŵЩʲôͷȴǲΪģǺαء
Իؾʲô𣿡԰׵ɫȴڲס˫ĿĹʣھŵһ̾ͦá
ֻǷ𡭡
б֪ʱ̽ůůǷⴽ˼ϣᵽƺǲ߶š
δãȥɡ
崨عͷ˾ҹֻйеһͬһЦˣЦ̹Ȼ
á
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گս֮ϣ̩ɱڶݳʾڣԴگԹС
ͼ뱱սڼû٣ȴ뱻лͻϮľӼ𣬾Ҳʧ˽룬ͱһֶ뽮
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׵Ȼһܿ˫磬ȴٳδת
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Լ˵ǹûʣʵֻǶǣǷ֮кٻ䡣
үΪּ𣿡ҶʱδȻĻףǰٰпֻּм仰֪ү
ԻתʹҶʱ˵˲ּ⣬ȴԲΡΡع£أ
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ع·ϣҶʱⲽڽϣ崨ظٺ棬Ƕ˵Ľӡ
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