±رС˵ַwww.827txt.com
ÿ£ϲȥ

ʦС̫ӷ
ߣ
İ
̫½䣬òףʷ׷źšӡ
ɰȴֽ̳̫ӸĽקࡣ
꽫ʦϣմѪĵвգŴ£ֻҪˡ
Ϊɴҵ½ٰܷܰ裬ҹҹģۿԼѧġ
ֱһ˲Ѻ̳Ŷķ
ǣ겻ˡ

½һѻԼĹ
ͬĸһͨһʬ޴ķ档
Ǵţ̫ӵڴܵţˡ
-
úĳŷɥĽ֯ӻǵ졣
¸ĿǲбʵĶ̫ӡ
⣬⽣Ӱɱ졣
ԡѪӽϰĺɫڿ̿ʱһѷ顣
ֿϲ˫Ŀݺ죬ܲ˵ײų˿ȴȻԭء
һѱĵвĿڡ
һ̸ͻȻף½ǰ˳Ϊ

ѳһЦݣҰ׵Ͼį˻Ƶͱô½۲ۣ
½ޱѵǰ͡
蹷
ǰƫִڱ΢Ȯ̸䲡
ʳָϣ
1.ŰܣݺŰ
2.1v1ûɱܣhe
3.߰дλϸٹѪʺϿٿĶ
ݱǩ  ͢ ж మɱ
ؼ֣ǣ½ܣ  ǣ  
һ仰飺ʦͽ»᳡
⣺ϧ


1 
½ܣɻԣ
ˮ͸⣬̳Χˮй̨ͨϵȴնİֻһˡ
¡˫֣ȴ޷ֺǱͦʵΰȻţ˺ɢ޷಻ݼ͡
նʵһʱ̨µİ̲סк
½ӣ˵䰡֪ԩģΪβ˵ʵ
˷
ǿ޵̫½ܣǴӲĹְУʼǵǸľӡ
˵ͨɿң˭Ҳš
̨ºͨ½̧ܻϹ飬üبŵĵĮ
ݶҸ½ӵĴһ©Ϣô
½ӼܲҲﲻ
½ӶΪٲԩǿҪˡ
½ܵĿȺС
˵òǺԩ±ؽز顣Ҳܻ
µֻø˻
Ļб˱ۣʱţЩᶨֱȺһһ俪ڣ
֮½һˡлλĪἰ£½ĳ޺
½ܹ̳룬Ŀ⴩ưá
ǹֳ鵶죬½ʼɫ˿־
ⳡ¹ݸǰѪϴɾ˰ɡ

½ܣɧǸдʣ
ʫԣҳΣ
ޡ
Ⱥп𣬰ֲ֪ĽƽϢˡ
Ѿĸ½ܾãûȵеıֻȵ˷
һԼѣۣսӵּ⣬Ҫ
̨°ɽ׷лллʥƵ
½üͷԺ屣ң
նٽյѹͻ̫ӵȥˡ
ɣ½ܵ˫üšøϣϸ顣
˵˴ݶ̬ӣԱ½ְ˾꣬ոйּ̫̫ɱڵ岻ϡ
ǽȥְΪūȫ
ƽһſˮ黮Ļ߹䣬Ŀȴ䡣
֮ҪذһɱľͬšЩݾˡ
֨ѽ뿪Уڽ֮䡣Ȼһֻѩ׵ųһͷ½ܼͷ
ɫ糣ע⣬ȡ±ʪֽ
Ңõˡ
ǰֽ֦Ͼ⼸֡
½֪ȥְΪūɥʧһȨعç;ҢȺнϵ·ӡ
½ܻȥη·м֦ߵȷϣūͻشιѺô
ٺһЦǳˣôһɱĿˣͷ˻ֱȥ̫ӵ´ð
½һ
Էͣ˵ȳūǾͿˡ
ʱ˪ѩ½ܴ΢΢̡
̫̫̫ԼĶʦΪū
ʱïܴԭڸ߿յ֦֪ʲôͻȻѹͣǰ
ɵķȥϡӰҢõΡֻҪץס֦뿪Ǳ߾ͻ˽Ӧػɡ
͵̾˿Ŀͷƺδѹµ֦
ƽȾ·
̫Ӹ꣬ʮʦ֮꣬񷽲ڡ½ܱѪע֮һݣӡ
½󣬿ƽ⳯һͳȫƣΪ
ΪʦŸƷԡ
ԣڶõİ취Ǵ̫֣Ƕ
½ҧָֽķд¡ݡ֣ϡҢøȥžҵĵطǵ
ڶΣա͸̸£ǺҲ
½ġ
ﶫʱѾͣˡſڵţԶԶе½
½յѧϤݣ¹źڣȻƣˣ°ҲЩۡ
ȻЦţؽ½ܷǣеʣη˰ɣ
½ܲ飬Ŀ⾲ĬƬ̣°ϵ࣬ȴֻһ䣺ȥˣ
ִٵЦǹһҹŻ½㵽ˡµģعġ
½ۣʵ꣬ܵһֻǹǵζȴδˡ
꽫ڶΪʦ
ܾﲻԾ
˶߱ͬ߶ס԰İŽСǱŰ֪ϲ֣˴š
߹תǣ·ȴ˶ס
Ƕļ䣬ǹڸǰͷ˵£½ס
˷׷׵
½ɿ췴
˾ɱǵˣ
ԭΪ£

һһ¡
һһԵĹܼ֣꽫ϡ֣һͷؿڣ½ǵ´ǰ̫
֪ͬԹ򹫻˽һķЦգĿˡ
½ţֻһʱ;½պڶλ£λһͬ
Ӳã˭ҳù²۸ֹ·ˡ
½ۿһС
õùˡ
ŽСǶĸ¥ڶ԰Уơ
¥ϣ½ܳȥԡµѾƽϲʽ
һǳɫҲ˿ؼ米ϣϴԵüĿ徻ףֻ۲ıѩ겻ȥ
޳ִָʣīѪ䡣
Ҫ߸꣬ΪǰִţΪαΪ˷
Ǻĵģ롣
½ڰŽСգһ϶ĳȻ
ɫ½ܿ齱ִʣɿϵţ佹ڷɰʪ庮η̿
Щ죬дһ¡½鷨£ֹ㣬¸ûĿɾ
׼ˣձǶµӣҪóϡ
Ȼ֨ѽſˣһɴ̹ǵ
½Цվſڡ
ȫʦʱĹԵζ
½һæҵغһľš
ô꣬ʲôҪҹ
л˵
ҹȻѪ=W=
ͷβּͷܶԹǰֻʦ顣Ӧûʲô׵㡣
㣬vǰ񵥸vȶոӡ



2 
½ϵ´ּһۣϸҪȴĸץסһ쵽ôֲˡ
ǰ̫Ӽӹڣ̫뿪˶յѧ˽
ԣԲô
½첻ޱ߼縱ڶ󣬾ɢüۼĮһǳᡣ
Էֻò裬½ܱȡдõ£ǰԥһ˲׻ǹȥ˫ϣ뽫ĳ
Ϊ֮ģַԷθķѾŶܽԷ򶯡
ӹαһҲζط
ӵذ½ܵĹͷֱͦͷµ۽⣬Ҳס
˴ֻʮꡣʱ˴ʵ볯ľǷ䣬Ȩ֮˴ͳ˾Ҫͳһȫùݸ˴
һ˳ԽԶ뾩ǵĵط˳˾ܵԽѹȡڴ˴ͼոʱ⵽˼ҵĵֿ
ʱ˾ٵ½ܼӻոݣ⵽˳ж˵ķԣҲ̫ӡ
Ⲣ½ܽŸ̵̫ľЩĵӰټңۼʱ¡
˾£ֻڳ̸˽Ӳ˵Щ
ŷ˴ǣǳǺŷ˴ˣ˺ֽϵľӡ
˵úð½ʮʿڣһƭ˰ǵķģԼ壬ȴһ׵ġѧһҲдôƯ۶ϡ
½ܺһ͡˸̬ȡ
̧۲껯ɣ˷񱩶Ǵ˴ʩѹ̫ѪƯ֡
Ϊͣոݣó׻ͨޣҲǧ֮¡һʱȣ㲻أ
˵գֽ¶ȼŵ̿
겦½ԼյѪгɽңļˮ͸
껺ߵǰߣϷʡζ½ΪǰϧѧʶǻۣŽҪİɣ
ûͷûβһ䣺֪һǰΪ˾˾ݰΪͻȻ-ңˣ
½ٿȻ̧ͷ
Ϊݰţ˾ȥҪǿпǵĸãΥ߾¾ݲ˴ͼһʮʮ٣ɲˡ
˵ǣ
ȻǶūţһ˾˵ġô½ѧҲѧ˼Ķ񶾰ɣ
˫ϥ䣬½Щסͨ΢΢ôⱩͷ¡
ԭѡ֮ˣעʮѪİͽ
̳ôϡ
ŭǱˡ
һһʮˣҽĵȴС½άֲסȻɫʧ
ѹסߺޣΪ˺Ҷ꣬㵹ֱɱҡ
ǸںģҲ뽫˾߰ˣûҪ˭˭֪涯أɲܹҡ
˵ţ½ܵգָӹ÷׵Ĵ꣬ҵ½ɰﻹ˭ɱ
½ûĥ⻰еĹ죬ͷʹߵţ£ѱãԸľƣҪ
Ӧһѹڵϵֱӱţߣˣ÷ɡӲãɱˡ
룬
ɽҩ𣬸ɱθˮˮһһЩ嵭زˡ
½𣬸ʱһԷȴСĵһĲʽ½ϲʳܲסζصģӣ׳һЩҹк
øţ嵽̫ϸ½ŲݣĳδСʣ˶иԵţʹǨԼԹޡ
ȱ˵ʲô¡꼱ȥ̽½ܵĶͷҶˣʲô鶼С
С꽹Ƶݣ½ʱ룬ԼµȥôãиӷĵؾǣҲһˡ

ô򲻶ϣɫѰȼɴ粴Ĺ
½£ζӳ£ֻ˰ˡһʱһᵭ¿˼ֽڶΪ£
һ٣˾䣺ɲɱֻ֮Ҫǲ֮£ؽ߳Ա
Լĵߡ
Ҳ㲻ʲô֮¡Цţü鶯͸洿
˱Ʒ½ǰơǰϲҩŵóʲôӡ
½ҲǽˣԶЩƫյɫƷЩζ䵭ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ΪʲôҪȴƣ
Է죬Цøˡ½ߣùԷʣһԼĵ½뿪˾󣬹±µ˾ҪζԴݵĹԱͰգǹ
𣬸촽ϹЦ⣬ȴ̰
ǰˣûɣ˼Ǯ;̲η̲˭ˣӦ
½ŴĿϺ⡣ˣв
˳ӣԽոݵǱߴɱ䣬ҲɱǮˡǰ˾ĸ֡
ûʲôͬһںݰյˡ
ϾյƽȾɰɫ´֮Ϊ
ʧ֮ʱиմĳţ˾ǰĳǸɫݰΪŮˣ
ƲʵЩĵ
½ܲǣȡյȻͷһ
ᴩܣüͷ΢ȴԾ
ģҪѽ׸ǧݣ̳Ҳڡ
ϾĶཨµģҲʣˡ
ܹһ߲а֮ҪҪƤѪҪĹĻ飬ҪǧУˡ
ֻҪسŵǶ˾ˣһ˿ϣд棬ͻת
޺οֻһơ
ЦԽԽŨ֮ɫβȥٴϾƱһֻȥ½ܵ°ͣЩۿţ½ߵﶼҪЩһڹǰװߣһһؾˡͶͱϣĸܾܾڹ¿½˶ˣ
һֿ½
˵ˡ½һգ۵ȴ˪ѩ̫ӵ£Ҫʲô־ǡΣҵ֮ʦΪͽҲñû
һȥŴⷢ½ܵ֫ٺȲǿǣǿⳡעĳжƬ̡
ҵĶʦҲѽ˲ûģЦյٵǰһˣ½ܣȲȣ
²ǿѣܾҲɱԼĶʦ¡ǱԼѡģҲԹԡ
긩ߣ
Ϣ½궯ܵضܣ޷˼׵ҪûʲôҲʱΪҪáۡ
ȥǱӣȴԷܿһ־ٱһְס½ܵļ磬ϡ
Ȼ£ȴʳ˼̻뿴½ĵӣһƯ
ȻЦоƹﺬţǰȥͷιС
½Ȼһӽס
ƵŴĸ𣬳Ǹҡ
½¸߰ƶסʵ̫ˡ
Ū㡣
л˵
ĻھƷԭòǰ£ʹܹı﷽ʽ
£Ҫ޸ĲܹҲҪż


3 
֮ļ䣬½ԺЩģֻǵõʱӳŴƣ̿˿úôҶŽ֦Ҷô
ǰӰϡֱ̰飬Ŀ⼸ֻۣʹڶԷ͸ģζ
ǴҲʵ½ܾУֻ䡣ǵԼʲôӦ˵Ըǵá
Ǳİɡ
͸ӵ½ƺ˺ܾ֮ǰһʱ
긵겻ϵĿʱȻõЦ˳ʱ½ܱסˣδ˳γɾЦݡ
ʱģżֺãÿϲ㡣
½ףϲֻ֪ܳʱ仰Ҳͬͷıѩ
ʱӶ˾ȴȻͷһطװǺӵЦա
ȥڣǰ׺ݰԵģ糯ģһʱѱ档
ףǶõĺӰʮ궼Ƥ£Ϊξӡ
½ҹֻʣǼΣϸź齱Ųһ̿裬Ȼ֪η
Ȼƿӣۻ࣬ĺۼڲǵªİ̺ۣʵĿζŻ
̾û
ŭ߷߶еģȴѹ˹ȥѧʦԼдͬҲû̺á
ǰżЩιñ໹ǼǺϲģȴĥԡܾÿԼİ飬ӱ㲻᳤ᡣ
ˡ
½ܽԼʰִͣһֻɫ⿪ϵš
ϣҢ˵̽Ϣ͸еһ£뿪˾Ǳһ̫ӽ֡˼Ǯ;֮⣬в֧ĴСԱΪݰ˵ĶӼ˳ͽ䡣
̫ˣҪи
껰˼ûôҲ
ɿİǵ½ܴȥҢáЩʿƢ֣꣬˫Ź̬һʰ
ô¡
ô˵ҪٵĶʦ½ܣˡ
л˵Ң˶ݣھǡȴν䱸ɭϣ½ܼƲǰţȳȥ¡
½֮λһֽԭ߰ĽȻΣҢ˱뻤ȫ
ղů۵⣬Ƿӽ̿裬ǰЩдһ˻ҡ
ϲżӣſżӲޱȣڳ˻ãϰ׼֮½бһһ汻ĥƽҢõӡ
д˷̵ĻţĩƣڸϷŷɡ
Ңã̫ѧ֮ݡҢòݵ¾ͺãع
½ܸе۵ȣա촽ѡǰСòʣĳµĺۼ
աȻ겻Ը֮ǰдЩдһݡ
ҹӦ֮пҪóøܽܣ־ܼٶݰյ˺
˰ϵʹ滺һЩ½ܴĸ뿪ŽСſ̴ӹʺãҹ֮󣬾û
ȥµĴ̫ӵ޹Լϲļ¡Ȼͨ裬ȴδӰ
ڻ԰ʱ½˼Ŀ䣬ߣһ˹½ĴæҪ£
½ϳˣ뿪ʱõĿԸû˵仰ڴ˲Ķ½˾䣺ռ̫ӵô
֪ǲȵĮ룬˵ʱԷɫҲѿ
ԸЦһǿŵģԡ
½΢΢ףҪߣԷִٵһ䣺¿Դȥ
ˡ½תҹǷ仰ҸϤ
ԭ̫ʱ½ʱҹ޶Ӳء
Ϊܾ֮ǰ˽̹ҪһˣͼװԼԡڰڵĳ
Ե˵ԡܻԼŻ롣
ʯϱֲľĸ̨ǶС͸֦Ҷķ϶½ܿؿڳرߣ˫ſһܵģ
Ȫӻ󣬼ҲҪˮԡܽȡ
½ܶȻ˼米촽Ļȡ
Щҹϵġ
ҹǷĸԺأ˱ۣù߳䵭ѹ
ߵ࣬°ڹڰߣдõǳ֮ļƻ¹ĿΪδף볼顭
ΪʵݼƻҪٸЩʲô
ûתֻĳ֣½ܷ
ü΢״ڵ±ҹȥ㣬û뵽㾹ǣң׷˴
½ͷ
ֽ֣֣ļ缹һָͷֽȥ¸ҿ˵½дģʵۡ
ǵ
չȥˡºۣЩٿ֣ȥԸͷţ²ǣ
ʪץ½ܵ°ڣһЦǣˣˮһô
ԣ½ܶʱһҹģȴ̹ǵĸܲɶֹϡǿ򶨱Ŀ⣬µͦñֱļ
Ӧ¡ԸˣǱ㵽ΪֹҷŵķԸǻҹģȻջء
һΣҲ
½ܺܿͨ˼ˮУڸߡ
ˮһ˲˸顣ڵĶηˮУʵܲס
ȴȻɫ嵭
֮ץţԷƺʮֿģüĿװ⡣
¾Ҫʲô½ܳʡ
֪ǹļ֮ˣһҲضı㡣
½һЩԣͨıƣ־ĸ˵ͨ
⻰һŲЩϥǺһչſߵ
ˣֻҪ㡣
½һ⻰ôһдʡ
ϵ̧Ŀ⣬Զ˼ǰ֮£Ȳˡҵҵʮ꣬ǣ
Ǯ;ֻھЭ죬΢ԴԷְܽҲʹ뿪˾
½뵽ģİ취ˡ
֮˼ͬһʦ֮ȴûپˡУҲܾˡôݰգ˴ɱ˽ȥ
ֻŭƽϢҢø˼ļ˶ѡ
Ǯ;СΪ½һͬݰյֻбסĹְȨ̤ƽ֮˾
Щ½ܱеԼĶ˵ţʪȵĴź첻ɫôĿ
֪겻ͬ⣬ǺۣȻӲģպҪĲ⻹࣬һֱԸ½ܴӴ˱ǵµˡ
ξڲԹԡ


4 
⻰Цǰ಻ĽףЦȴʣĿһĴ
ˬˡ㣬ɽ
ӣͷȥǰˡ
½ܲ˼ʶԷƿ
˵ʲôҰڲЦ浽±ݣһֻ̽ˮУͻȻԷ´еǰ취
½ֻ˰׵ӣ´ȥᣬһϵڰߵľϡ
½ܱ˫۾ٹͷڳǱ̬΢һ£ϵ̫
ûٶ֪겢ֻ뿴Ըӡ
ţմˮ½ܵ°ͣǿӣ־ӳݷＷ½ܣۿס˳ʲôӡ
½ԭǶôصˣ鷿ҶԸ˽룻οʱӣ˰ռأƻ÷顣
Ǹˣע˶Ѫѧ
ʵʮǰ½ܳʱ̫Ӷž̬ȡ
ɼһεģ׵Ұĳн֪СҲ֪ɵһֱǼߡ
ԸȻһкøУ֪󣬻ԶԶ㿪ˡ
½ܲ⣬ֻǾı֡ʱ̫ӲѧҪ̷ϡ
ֱðѾռĻʹȳĺ޸ͣ˪ѩһǡ
Լû᳦ֻûһԸ
˵ĺһ󣬺Ȼһ죬괩£ǰȫװʦ
ʱֻЦЦΪֻѪ
ϴʱ⺢ӶءԷˣдָīվŸˣҲζ½̫Ĺ
ÿ½ˣ˵صʲô̫ӣֻѧˡ
ڡ
½ĺ
Ңʱн̹Ѩλ˵һзͻб䣬ĳľ㼫Ϊ
ϸ׼ˣ˲ƷԷ
½ϴ룬Ҳ׼ͷƷȻףһҲ޲ɱ˴ˡ
ǣȻأ
ʱ½ͻȻоӿһ⡪ڵĶҪˡ
ôƫʱ
ֻʱ£ηȪݶʱֱ˷
½޷ƣ쵹˳ˮС
ֻбסֱԸ߹ҡ
½
ˡ
Ǹˮеˣ뿪Ȫ¸̨ͷʹҲ°ͣպ·Ըֱӹȥæ
ԸöҽŽС
С¥̿裬ˮ˶ѻѣ½ڽ»šҽΧס齣
겻һԣʮѿ
ʱ֣ݣܳõ½ܵ£Ŀÿԣ£ūű㽻ˡ
꿴꣬¶ɫ˾䣺ɫؿǡ
Ц˼ǣΪ˵õ½ˣŴӦҪ󣿡
½ƪ£ûἰǳ-ңֻ˵ݶ˾ӦȰũɣһ絾ҲҪء
ٽں˾ͨɹΣ˴ȫõδݡ½ùٸμۣʹݰջָҵ
նܳԱҲͨˡ
½Ļı֮ԡͬʱһҪ嶼ס档ʲôҲҲҪİ취
һ֣ü㲻ҪãΪѲŴӦġ
Ŷþεˣ»û湻
ҽ֮С½ӵĲʵжϡ˵ˣһЩǵʱ鼤ߣҲôʱͻ赹Ȫ
ܺйء·ģ½Ӳ֮ݣԿķӡ
üͷšһϽΣк⣿òѣѺǷб֢״ԺǷḴ
ҽ˭Ҳش⡣
ֻǿӣҩãι½ܡ
ǡʱ½
ĿԵһ̣жʱҡ֪νιҩ֮£͵һڣûʲôѪɫĴҧȥ
Ѫζ̼ҩӵһߣ½ܵǺһ
½ںߵųɫʱˣ忡üĿȾЩ
ۿ죬һ˵ĳ嶯ðЩʲôֲ֪ʲô
סˣԶ봲齣֡
ʲô۵ģ
ǿµ½ܣ߸ϲһʵСˣרɼ˵Ĺϸñڽ¡
βֻΪŪȦס
Ǹ⣬ְ½ȪֻСʱԹȥҽ˵Ǹõˡ
һõģҲûΰɣ
½ܹ˼ʱ˼Բߡ
ø֪ԼϵĶһ֮ƿ齣ޱعڵϡ
ʲô
ŵɫ£ɵѵڷɢΪ䵭һַ
ͷغ۵׹еİǣʹ޺£ǹԵģܲסˡ
˵ǳ


5 
Ƭ̣ȻЦȥĺܸˡߵ½ǰ˫ۣӸ¿
½ҪɫɫҲԾˡԶʤˣͷԵðأ
ùһҩ߿ĸɾ½ܵ°͡
ܲס˵ԼѧҪ⣿
Ц˫ף¿ɲ㣬ֻˡ
½ڿʼ
ЦȥϿţаӣȻûвûܺܲסźµİ취Ҳǡ
˵ξˡѧô죿
ҹ½װ¶ӣɸܡ
ףڶʱڸߣû⺢ӿ黰ͼʲôģΪô֮¡
ҪôʱصúãҪôԼ뿪Ŷˡ
ֽʶؿܡ˱ѧѹӶ۸ʲôʼϵ
һֱڵҹڽƣж·Ƭ̹ʱһ㽫Ǻӱڻ
ȻΪʲô
ȴȻ齣£һ»޹ȥ˯
½һ㶣ƺʲôʱļһ
ū澣ȼ©±ϣ֮
ԭ½ֻϽнаˡƲġ
ܿպ϶ף˾䣺峿ǰ£
ŪŶϵʲô˶ῴǲң
Ȼµּóڶѧϰ³ǸõġǰЩ쳼޷߳ӣ
½ܡ
ȻգָɵüĿ٬ɰΪһ̵ӣÿôԹµı²⣿
¿㲻ԼҲô½
˵գҲȻشתš
½ƶǶѺ壬ʱжԳ֣ϡ

˾ͨڹ𣬵겻ȥԭ½ĵطĵ˶سҲ˶Ŀ䣬˾ƷĹԱͷ
֣˽½ܵ³¼˼ʮݣڳÿˡ
µδãôݰյˣ
˼Һ˵ˣ¹ȻȣղָϣǣҪָ¡Ǹ鷳
šȷ
˿ʼͷȴи˾ֹ˾䣺취ף˾ԭȵķ񡭡
ڰ
ԭȵķ񣬾½ܵķ
ѻְʱİ취ʵס
׵Ķ⹳⻰֣Ǻ
⡭֣ԥԥ
ţע⵽Ըͷ˸˽С·ЩˣȺвײ
ֻŵע⵽˾䣺Ӵʲôˣ
ԸѹͻͣԹµģ͵˵ˣš
ˣûٶʡ
֣ͷ󺹲֪λش˾һС˾֡
ŴݴϢѾѱ-ץˡЩ˶Żˣû˲λİɡ
ݳºݴĹԱ⻰ɫԽ⣬⹳ذӵһߡ
һݵķӡ
Ը޴ˣαô鷳
ʲôˡǾЩûҰ²˱ǡ
˭ôɵģ
Ļϣſڣһ㶡
̫ӵ¡
޲
˯ĸһ£ʱˡֱߵСǰҪһ㡣
㣬ˣ˭⣿
˱ƺ˵С֧֧ΣʲôҲû³
겻ˡһݴƷ£Ȼ´ָʹ
˭ñ߾Σڲ˳⣬Ҳܲµ
˾ˣĿ棬ɴǰݣһ¡סǸġ
񣬶һë
ȵȣǶҪȥȴ⹳Ļֹ²⣬´˾ɱӺΪҪ
鹢ֱڶϣ˵
λű㳣ɱݰηǽҸͶ˭˵׼
⻰һ˲˵ʲô⹳ȴͻȻ˾䣺뷨ǳԱģ˵ģ
Ŀⶼɻ
⹳̾˾԰
ôһ˵˾ȫˡԴ겻½ܴضҾ;̫Ӹ᲻ºնʦ꣬ԴĶƫ̻û뵽Щ죬̫ӵľҲԽԽˡ
ұ²⣬½ĴС˴Ϊ٣˵Ŀġ
ѰԣҲ֪ǵ˸ꡣǡôŭͻȻ⹳ѻ˵ˣ˭ˣ
ͷЩУ½ܵʱһΣ׷׳¡
ĿɨǣҪÿոһһ䲻޺´˾ӱĻˣɹһ˾ϡ˭Ҫ๣λӡ
Ȼˣºβǲɢ䣿
ŵĻӵ⴫ƺ˲䱻͸ˡ
˵֮ſ˼¡
½ܻ°ɫׯݶ࣬ֻɫЩ԰ס
ѿڶʲô
ҹ½ʱ֪ԷҪ½
ǣ½ӲˬȻҪ
½̶ž޲ŵ¶רУȰɡ
˼ǣҲùɱЩ񣿡
²ɱȷϲߣȴ˵һ˾ϡֻ½Ϊĵʣ൱
½ȻȻһЦ
½ܴ˳ӵ߹ȥһξĵطվ뿿̫
ٹЩ
½ֻһ
ȻȻקߡ
ĺΣ˻ЩϥϥǣŴȣ˺
꽫ֱ۴֮˵ļͷ»ֱ䡣Ǹ˱ᵹ
һ˲䣬š
űԸüɫΪѿ
Ż𽥷գߣǵȴȫüҪȰʲô˵²ü


6 
½ǰڴɫ䵭¶塣
ǰڰŽСƺ֪ԼģǲģһֱܵסǷݳ裬Ϊֻһ˿ѧҲ̫㡣
ڣĿⶼϡ
вǰ֮ˣǰҲءʱͬǸ̸ۣΪ˾
񣬿Գֵ̫ѧ裬òȤ
½ǰȻһЩԶļ䡣
ʱٵŴ̵ѣͿĨۣ֬򳪻Ūˣָ㡣⣬Ҫ
ȥѡǰ裬Ȼ
ڣȻѡ񣬲Ȼ˴⡢ڣ̫˻
סĲͷܿ˵ӡپó裬ڵĻȻƽȣ
ЩϱݰգҲд˴ԱɱǷţвֺ֮
ȶˣ-ݹٴáɷԴвʲôˣҲĪ˫
ҪգѪɺӵգģֻһʧĵݡ
½ݹٶǹģﲻ֮ΣֻҪʹ˴ͻݾͶܰȫ
˻һǿ½ܲˬЩ䣬Ҳ޷ٷ½ͶɫĿ⣬имǸΣС
ͷûɿָ֣˷Ƕˣǰݱţ˭ҲЩ񡣡
ת򼸸˾ˣ̲˾˼Ǯ;£
˵ͷ
국ȥ̲˼ˣ˾³Ǯ;ͨȰ˰ȥ̻˽εģȥ̡
½ܴĿ⣬סɫ
Ĵã̸ġǰԸ£ô˴
ʱǮ;ھţıܵͲء˵йܼ˾ְǣЩһҪݡ˰֮ˡ
Ҳ˵޹й
½΢΢ƫͷŽڻˣմȵţ
֪Ǯ;Ĺȡʲô
ܵס
Ǯ;˾ȥݣͬݹٽ֮¡
½ܵԸ
һ˵ţһ䡣
ѧȻǧ㲻壬ٻã˵㻰
½ҵ÷ɡ
λ׷ƿĿ⣬벻⣬¡һ½ܣһùļһһ
½ܾš
뿪֮ǰøѧȻϻۣ׻żɬۡɱΪһģָ㽭ɽıԳǸҲԶʤǰ
ȴʣ½Σ
ôã½߷߽ӡʵ˪ѩȻվ񣬵˺һ䣺Ӣ
վҲȥ
ЦˣȻû飬ǽվ͵⡣λࡣ
վ½ץԼߣξڣֱӰ˻
Źա
ǰͷ⹳ܿߵǰ°ݣеص˾䣺˼
⻰û˵˶ס
˼ЩǳԱģΪ
Цϻ˵գ½㷸˴ҲǹµĶʦµıѧ֮ʿ¾Ļ
Ե¹ǣЩҪ͹һ½
ƻԷǰ½ǻƺһ˲Ҫ˺顣
Ѳãֵֻ˻ͷһڣʲôȥɡ»Щ£Ҫ½̡
ڲپȥ
ؿŴ뿪ıӰͷһ῿½ܼϣƵ˵½Ϊһֱڿȣﲻô
˵⻰ʱע⵽ϣиСӲ뿪ƺվȣб泯
ʱüʱģΪûͨ
ǬԪ̫ࡣ
ǬԪǻʵ۵޹
ͷǶūŽģūΪ֪Ʒ⻭棬ǲ֪

ūۻ軨ϲòǶĿɡ
һ㶡ǰҲɶڹһֱΪ½ܡ
½ȻǬԪ̫ྐྵ֪½붫ƺûô򵥡
ūű£ڿЩūλػ
Цʵػ
´Ӹｫ½ҪΪı˾¡ȷʵʲô
ڹ»ͬʲôġǾǶ˵ˡ
ϲ̨£Ҹ˵ֲ档ҲǸԼѣϡ
£ֹǺ
û˵Ҳûٿǲȥζذ½һ鷢
ֻ뿪ϾŻ㣬һڵڡ
Ƕ˵ĶԻ½̾ôȥˣ껹ûû˵غǰҲûȰǴ࣬ûȰ
½Ȼ;ã˵ֻֻԼû̺á
ݲͬٽѵǺοࡣ˵¿㣬ǼҲа취ù
ȻЦͷ°ͣļۣǡڹô
۸㣬㻹Ҫң½ܣ˵ǲǡ
ĴָԷУϲ۸
ݱ˿½붼û룬һҧȥ
˻
ջָǳǳһӡڴ䣬Цˡ
½ضԹ·ŵĴú⣬Ǻܸˡ
ǰ㣬½ܵα̴İצϣצҪصɡ
ôñ˰ɣ
սϣ˵ǡ
½ܲ뵽޳ˣǶ֮£
ѿǰͦñֱ˺ݳϢЩʱ̷
ջԣܺüƴķ޻ڼͷؿڣ½ܣôңԸʳԡ
سڣץסԷͼֱۡ
²ĵˡûѡ
ǽڳˣǰµİ߲ԼɼЩ֤߽ƣȴʮơ
ׯ£ֻһᱡǡ
꽫ץȥȨϣȻ½ܲȥ
Ϊ˱ˣֻ÷ʣһǰ죬̽ĳ
Ƶģܸ߳ӿϣָڷ
ͷ첻̷¡
ڴ֮֮£ַֻʽЩ档


7 
ȴʼδȻ˸ô£ͬקůʪҰϣ˴ã̲סⱼ
ŷ͸½޴ܵļ˾ɲһһظžһ߸еǵĺĵ
Ĺ⽩ˣⲻҪǿĶȥԾԵô
ԡͺ鷳
½ܵı仯ȻҰ񱼵Ȥһǳһţ֪һžͻȪۡ
½ع̫ӵǰ
ȻǰһΣҲ
ʱ˴ոջʳݣ½˾´˰Ӷ̫Ϲһ⣬ðһЩ
ǼպҸ£Ǳ߲żһȥ½ܵ¾ͱˡ
Щʱգ½ܷʱŭݰѺ͹ٱ˳ͻ
ûδɴ½һ˽ص˾ȴָͷ
Ǹõѧɫ˵ѵˡ
һ̫ӣ׽ҲҪ˼ɡ
áǺûȫȫõˣ˴ԼҲҪô˭ţ
½ֻǸ⼸ĺԼķεĵԼݡ
ҹʱ˽ϸһٱ˭ʱһļű࣬
һţ䣬û˯Ҳû£ֻ㶵ţۿġ
½ܳվƬ̣һѽţ½ǰ
㻹Ҫʲô½ܻ˻ơ
⻰ǺһͷʵҪǺҡ
½ܶãǺãȻ޴ɫյĲЦصȴв౨Ѫ֡
ӹߣǴˡ
ݱͺƵ˴ո˵أ볹׶ֹ鼢ġôһͻذղδ˴ٸã˶Ҫ֪ˡ
ԭֻҪľֹ
ȫʮˣ˸ʮ¡󣬿ʱ˺ݣǴ˶Էġ
ĩˣСʹۿҪ޳Ƿڵϰ
½ܾţôһ
Ϊ̫ӣȴΣڲˣǸ̫
Щ£½ܺȻ֣ԼʱǷ˸һ䡸Ǻޡ
˼ŵ˻ˣӹѧΪ˰ʩߣΪ˱΢ū澡
ĳһѹ£½ǿĶҲԿȻķӦȻŻȻǿȣؿڣһһҡᣬ޷Ѫɫļձߡ
޶ֿ
½ܲȳġýֺҲ뵽Ǹڴֱʱ򱻴ϣζ
ʱҲͽͣ겻жʾ
½ܱԼָĨȥɫһԲǰӡͷԼϲļ鲼ˣж档
΢΢˫ۡ
Ƕʣ˰Ū
ɭɭµ½̫ԼΪ̬ȨƵϡ
Σˤ棬Աʾˣܻô

ȻûȵеĽֻǰƻգ򣬼

Ȥ۽ʵʮһˣӱȹһɨˡ
½һڸǰԼͣһΣܾ֮ǰˣ⺢ôǵã
Уʲôǡȹһô֪ģ
ⶼҪˡ۽ޣһ䣺л¡
һתǱŵˣԳ˴
Ըſڵ֣٬ͷ˺źţµá

ŤŤƫţԸԸʣŵ²Ϊѹɣ
ûлشΪ䣬ҽΪҿһع˵ˣк洦
֪ˣӦֹǰɡԸǳǳһЦҾͳζѡ
һߣû˵ĿİƫţϻعСΡ
ںԸλش𡣵ǲԸȥ½ܣϾǰȲ飬Ƕǣǲ֮ةˣ½ʱһ䡸ʮ꡹
½ܹ䵭̫ҪֶǿԸҲ롣
ԴΪڣڸʵĿġ
̫ӵ˾Ǽȥĥ
һʱˡ
СͣڹſڡȽŲ㣬ȥǬԪֱ֪ʵȥֻŲȥɳ
ɳСԺӴԺеźһϸɳмΧǳֻһأмֺɳ̲ζ
֮Уڶ߷顢ٳʵ۸ıƬɳ
ڲ֮䣬̰Ƭ̾ס
ɳܹäġƵġȱ첲ȵġʹģһ㡣߽ˣŵϵĻ㡣
ɳ̲һһŮŮϣΪֻ̬ɴȹһ飬ϸϸš
ԿóһòŹۣĿԣƺƺû
ֳ˾ռߣɳϣֱӾͿڴϣūԶ¿Ҫµ飿
λƳԥһ£ֹ̧סŮӵĻ
ˣʵҲôĶ˾£ֻǾñĸ蹦̵ȤһЩ㽫ڶ෽ԡľ仰Ǻ˵һһ
һû̫ӵ˽¡
󣬶Ļÿɷ˾ȸ̫ӣֻҪûʲô£㲻๡
ͣ˻ȴߣüϵŮӰڰ֡
ҡŴվ𡣴ʱſó˫òϸ·ȴһȳһգƹͷƵġ
ĥ䵽Զǰѹͻ̫ӵ½½Ҫȥ˾ҲǸӣضʦǸӡ
ʵ̰½ܵɫࡣյˣ̬֮
ʱ²֪ūڳӦ
üͷƬ֮ͷЦ
֪ˡԼʵ۵飬룬ǱϾӣ׳£ΪȻʹġ
Ȼγ̾һ½ɰ̳ϣɸɾȥ
̰ɫ̣࣬

θпãɳ̲£ƫͷεǰЩϥǵǰѵȥɡԼŰ졣
Բۣ˵
Ӱõǿϧˡ


8 
ŽС¥ݣĽǸһ̿裬յüΪʢǳҲó˺䤱
ԡͰеˮһ磬Ȼ½ˮпͰڣķ˿Ծںڣֺ
ЩʼȰԼٶ̿ˮҲů淢塣
̽ڲ࣬Ǹȴʮѿİ̺ۡ
ʮʱ½ܻҢûĹߡ
ĳȻһȺ˰ұ߿һֱȸǰ븴һСɫĶƤ
ȻǶſ죬Ͽиӣ˽ȥ
һһٿ͸ȫС½彡ӦͻȻĺ䣬ֹסش𺮲
˶Ϊ꡹ⷨ˴ʹľԽԽ䣬ֱľ븴ţɱˡ
жʮꡣ
½Сȴѳıթ֪ʮ˵ģʲôⷨ˴ʹĻǱġ
Ժ½븴Ĳӣ꡹Ľⷨʱ븴˸ۣ֪ȥɡ
ǵʮꡣ
֮㲻һУʲô϶ԲҪҪǰһ㱾£ڱ֮
ЩԽԽܲסøһͨڣԪˣÿ¡֪ԼжãʮǸԼԼŲסˣûһȥ
ˮ͸ˡһ̾뿪ԡͰ塣
ѡ˼ɫƵѣպúϵӦȻϲãӲЩϵĶӦ
½ܴӴȡ·񣬽һ̵š
ʲôϢݷɧҡղڹٸſڣ˵˸ץȥʲôҲˡ
±ţ׳֡ݵݹپͲһˣ½˽ǣǰͷû˹ܣƼ˳ȥ˰գˮͻԽԽ롣
½ܹ˲òʪں󾱵˿ӣü˼Ƭ̣
һдǮ;ص˾ǰݣ취ץˡ⣬ؿá
ڶҢݵĹϵʹݹ˴ҪЩ񣬴ȥɴᷢ䣬ٰաڲ£ܰ˴̸С
һдҢøģҢø鷭һ飬ٺڳ̸һ̸֮
ʱˣǮ;ҪջݣҪҢõİ
һҡ
Ȼ̫Ӳԣ¾׵öࡣҪġ
һ˱ʣһ֧Ŷͷ½̫ˣҲģЩ񣬻С
黳סϸ룬̫࣬ˡ
дһ룬½⴫ִδţд꣬ϵϷŷɣȷ޺ۼ󣬲š
ŽС¥ݿڣԸһ鱾ִԸ½顪
Щ½ڶߣˡĳһ䳤ģԸҪ鿴ҾȻǵطμǣûоܾ
зԸκ˲׼ŽС
Ըſɢ˿Ƿ֮ˣĿͣǰЩ½˵ݵľٴ룬м֪ʩУͽ̡
ԸǶ䣬ʱҲ˾¡Ҫ½ܲپܾȴҲ͸Ÿɡ
һԵȡ˷ʱͬ԰ߣ¿ɷԸ˲
⡭ɫɡ
״½ֵˣһ𣬸ɡ
Լڶ԰İΣĿǰľЩȻˬҲҶΡԼôˣø꿴ҪǨŭԻǸһЩ
½΢΢üЩͷۡ
˼ǹ
һ·ĲɣԸ·԰Ƨֻһ˵Сڽͤ
ڻ-֮⣬ʲôΣգǺͬİ½ЩŤ
Ըƺ⣬ú̯ܽǰָͷ־䡣
˵ΪӦڽݸεļ۸񡣿²⣬ڽݡҲǸ֮أοǮ
½ŲͤϣӰءŽСûйŵ멣ɫ°ڣȥɫĮȻ
Ļش̾ϢҲã꾡дġ˾壬±Ķݹٸô߼ݡȽ˰ˣٲǱǡ
½ܺλֲ˾δµ˾ȫıϡ½ãԼϸ£
ةǹϺˣֲݡ״Ӧ˵ǣʱյģӻݸԣЩӦ±㲻ܾܾԭ˾ҵˣٶЩҲΪ
ڻǱߣԶлǡµ𣬱ȥʾ̫ӵ¡
ȥ
½ˣޣֻϴƣЩͷ˰š
ֻýʣʱ䣬һлģץס
ãؼֻз½ܺȻеһȣԸ֪Ĳף˴ţЩ֪̣֮ģֻҪ㻹ڶסţһȫ
½һƤ⻰էûʲô⣬ǡԸĲ졣
ȥԸרעĿˡ
ҪҸ˵־룬δȴԶһ½ܡ
ʲô
½üͷš֣·ڣǾŭĿҪ
Ըվ𣬲Ųæţ½ݵ顭
ʲô£˵Ҫ֣أ
Ըɫһ䣬˵½ľͬ飬Բš
ʲôЦþӣΪľ
½ȥˣԼȻģȴԸǺܴǺξģǶ䣬ڲ֮ǰøǨŭ
Ƚسһ񣬡ҪȥǱߣ֪дһ飬εмۡиǡ
˵ŸԸݸʾϿߡ
ɲӻûȸеһۡüץסƬ̣˵קߡ
ȷſ
Ļڷ͸½еظܵķŭ
һֱקذŽСϣĿ絶
ˣ
˽ţĻˣһһ׷ֻʡˣ
ֻ֪Ǿʶԭһ㡣ڶôʶж֣
֣곯ſںѵ
ǰѵΪɣڻɫСȻµģɫմѪϴ
һƬ½ܼĦζˣ˱ǡ
½ܻĿαȻң˵Щĥңһͱȥ
سˣҶžˡֻҪǵôӦҵ£ͱĿҲ޷ԭҲû̳߳
㡣
һֻ뿴˳ϸСֺá
뿴ȥġ
ͣãµѵǹģϡ
ԣ½һǰһ¡
ʵ۸ӡʱ½δΪֻ̫Ƕ̣Ҳ̫ӵʦŸӼݣ˵˾䣺ū澸ȫȫţͲǵƺ㲻
ŪһЩĺá
½֪ʹɻ̫๬ŮŪöϹȱ첲ѡһǵģʱĸ껹ɰ⺢ӱݱ
ȻδھܾСҲô̵£½˵Ե·˲ܵġ
ҲΣֻ˵Ҳաūžˣ檣ɲݡ
û뵽ѵ½ϡ
ֻһ˲֮䣬½ܾ˾ʱ޶࣬ǻʼҹأڵڶ
½ƽȡ˵ӾԼĿš
ʱľɫȣ۲ʲôҲûУһѰС¡׼Ѩֻӵ
½ܣˣ
½ܱݺݰαϡһֻǱѹǿУЩġ
̡
²λػʲô˼
Եý겻ͷץԷһָֻ֣һ
ѪڵƬϱͿһ㡣֣ѵ򶨵վôͽУüɴ
½ָƸСڣܿˣȴø֣µذסɴ˸ᡣ
һָָ˴һ쵽Ժ󣬷ķ١˿٣䵭˶ʱ˼ַ顣
ֻֽ»Ķգ°͡
ҵ½á˻ҵĶԼҲС
½̲ܲһ䣺֪ˡ
ƺøˣȻЦǲǸ˵˵ʲôӵˣ
˵ͷȥ
ǶԷĴǴ°ͻס͹˵ϻһȦƺһ̾Ҫҧϡ
ĸϣ½һ˲Ļ㱡һĺӣԼӲ֪Ҫʲô
ֱϴΣ˲֮󣬸˵仰
Ϊһ̵ӣ²⣿
¿㲻ԼҲ
½ܺȻףҪĸӣ˳ӡҪĵءسԸΪ׳һС
Ҫʲô͸ʲô
ꡣỽţһյĮȴǱƤ˼ڡ
գƵԼߣɳƻҲã㷣Ұɡ
ͫȻŵ½ܣ㡭
½ܰմǰѧİ취ҧϢձ߶ͱһ㱡죬¡
˰ָϸؿڣģòãδȬСõˣֻʣۣûˡ
˵㡹ֻģί˹Ժķ˼
£һ䵭֮˵̫İˡ
ˣõѡж˫Ŀ쳱
һ˷ϣƺѰ츳
ѵĴ˶סƹ⡣֪Լ¶ˡҪľ˶ԷŨʱһǡôʡ
˺һУʧˡ
Ƭ̣дֵӣ泯ֺ˰Ρ˶Է侲ȥ˴ߣӣڴ̨ϡ
ֽϡ͸ͷΡ
մǰѧİ취ʼʲôʱô󣬶нġ
ҪֵÿܣĹԼֶԷģһЩҪŪˣҲҪ׷Լ档
ŶԷı仯ҲҪת䡣󷴶ҪϧʹҲˣҲҪˣֻʹ˳٣һлȡƬ̴
Щ·ϤͨڣȻѧڲ˼
Ǽס㣬ΪǾ˫Ƥ࣬ΪҪġ
Щˣϲı˵ķӡϷηȨƣǳģǾû˼
ԳֵĹӣԭܾȴŪԸСʲôԳǵı£
½룬븴Ϊ³̵֣ЩӦǹõİɡ˵Լ뿪ˣҲ֪˼¶ˮ飬Ƕá
ԼЩӦԼ£Ƕá
Щ죬ǿΡҪվһϥǻҪʮĥˡ֮ƣͨ⣬ȣֻŶԷ£סˡ
ָĦű꡹ҧİ̺ۣüʣôŪģ
½ԲܺЩӦʱܵˣˡ
ʲô£˵ֵط
⻰ζ½ܶĿ⣬зŭԼԸһʱͬһ֡
ǻô½̾
ǰѧķӣԸһ֣Էռǿ⣬ǻһ֡
һǺӵ˫ۣĿ⣬ƫͷģ
֪꣬ɻǵãǰһǰţҴ㡣
ʱһŽߣȻð뷨죬ðҲһθöá
ʱʱð뷨£Ρ
Ķˣλʲôϸ𣿡
ֻҲһҲԼѧԲ˵һ֡
¿ȥˮʢ飬ôꣿ㲻˵Ļǡܲм١
½ܴԲѡ
ݵ棬Ͳм١
ǻˡ˸ɫһࡣѳҵѸ½ܹϣЪŰɣ»ȥˡ
æ˵ҲԷŶĶƵġ
½ڴãʶĺ䣬ȳŲԣһˮۡ
˺ܾãۿɼۣۡ
Ǹɾģֻиġ壬಻ĸɾ
ŽС¥һСС¶̨ƽЩݣǸ˴ġʱŴ֦ƵһߣһƬ֮䡣
֪ԼӦߵģ˶ߵ¥ݿˣӲǹȥ¶̨
Ķ½ܷŵģʱ˵Ļͼ䷢죬ǿȴزס飬βŨɫ
ԭŰʱ̫Щô
꼤ѡȡԼ˵½ܸˣܸˡ
ʼ½ץΪôΪλ뷨
ҹգ¡ΪôæδֻۣΪͷ֮ƣһξóҹ˹
˦˦ͷΪ˸ֹĸܣӼеһ档
ҹӵܱϵǽ⡣ɽҰһ۵С¥ױġ¥֡
ʱⶰ¥ﰲÿ£ſڽƵػ˼Ӧֻ֣Կףֿš
ѪﵽжϵֱۺȣѪѸĸ̨Ⱦ˰죬һͷ­µµ¥Ϲ¡
ͷ­ǻ¥¥Ĵˡ
Ѫ֮䣬ϳһϽʣ׾죬µķѣȸ
ڵǶ֫Ѫĵϣ˫ס
ۣ̫ˡ
ܹ˭أֻԼܣ
á½ܰɡ
ˣܵһǿҵķŭ
½ܲǶĴ氮Ľôڶ̵ĳͷֱߵ½ܾͳйߣŪһġ
ȥı
ȻŲʱﴫ϶
ôҲ̧ȡ


9 
ԽԽأ˴ԼȻ뿪˼ɣҪηζȳƵġ
ģץסҲ֪һ˲ˣȻ󲽻صſڣ͵ƿš
ڵϨֻм豻ŲǰĵĹ⡣ϡÿڴͷˣڷɢһ㣬˫ǰؿڣüĿšһţһƺ˼
űײʱȻ⧲ͨһȾԺֻʣĮ
øһƬ̣·ΪʲôĹĵģˤߵǰܺʮǰˣûãҽҲƾܣ㵽Ҫʲô
½ֻ̧ܻһ۱ܿ²عģҵԼзִ磬ÿˣЩˡ
룬һ䣺ЩȥЪϢɣ˲
δȵȥ죬ȴߵȥѥߡ
ҿǱôƫҪ½ܣҲԸ
ţתһܲԸӡ½ܸǱӣҲһߡ
½ΣٹԾǽ¡۳ȴ˯š
ͷ²룬ѣҲ׼Ѩλ̵ɱˣǳ˻ԣǳЩҲʹʧ
ûйٰѵŴ˲ѡ
Ȼ껹ѡ˯¡ԼҲ֪½ǲġ
½ܵȷж˽ֱɱ̫Ӷ㡣
أ½֮˺ȣ˯ŵĸ겢֣ʶϷȥȻһǡ½ϣ¶ĵı飬Է½
½˺һ
ǰ꣬꾭ҹܵѧʣ߸ɴ鵽ҹȻ˳㡹ͬ齶ߣ˯˯ž
꽥˼ˣ½ĶЩ֪⺢ӶжԼԼϲ˽Ըʱߡ
ҲͦáȻע˼Ҵҹͣǰ롣
£ϻ˵ͷı
˿̷һеİǶڡǴĺӣŲȾ̫
ǡʱԵɵɵأĿԡΣһٴαӽˡ
꣬½һ̾־΢ĸ飬һҲˣ㡭
ʡɻǣҡǷźܷһ˺úȥ
ɸѲѧû˵Щˡֻһ䣺Ӧҵ£ô
Ȼû˯ѣ첻ʲô㲻ߡ½ܣߣһӶҵģˡҡҾͳ˾ɱĸݡ
˵ž˯ˡ
ֻ˯֮ٴʶط˵Ļ

˾ԭµҲʱһš
һţ¹ǱִҪһҲû˸ϲ裬㽫ղ豭á
ע⵽ˣ
˾ճ񣬶ûµģʡ
ΣиګګԴ½ǰ˾ߺλͬһֱģͳơ
üȰΰˣ
ҷ׷׵ͷȻȿǡ
һЦ˾ڲԱ䶯ȻҪλͼ֮ż
չ°Ǯ;ηŪȥݡĥ䣬û£
תͷո⹳˴ˣͳ£·Ҳɡ˽ࡣ
ࡱҧúء
½ϣ⹳ò鿴ڡ·⹳ʣ½ӵİ취ΪҪӣǱߵ¡
½ֻݰգΪ˴롣겻м̬Σ˴ξˮ𣿼ȻЩ񲻻ֳܰˮ룬Ϊպո·˾ΪҪ
סҪţңܴ⹳Ӧ
üһټһܶˡ
ŷ˴ˣ˺
޶仰
ߵԺӶ֣¡
֣ˣ˵ˣеһԸūŸæ˾ûգæ빬
ߣѣģΪǰѵӡۣݶң˾񷱶࣬²ʱæ꣬š
֣֪ӦҪߣô
ȥ£½ܼ򵥰ɣϲ
֣죬ʣūŲṬ˵£˵ǵ¼ǹ
ҡͷǹڶô꣬˵ľͲǵٰôɣ˵ʹңҵʱæϡͿʹӦˡ
֪ˡ֣̾ϢԽԽԼҵˡ
˾죬¡ǰЩ½ʱ̫٣á˾æֻǸڣʵ½ܾûô
֪ԭ½˾ʱ˾Ҫô£ܳס
ɺΪΡ
ʱֹס˼
뿪˾ʱɫȫŵ˹ʱ䣬ϽΡ
˼ٰĵطѿö꣬һ˻ǸĸףȻʺϡ
߽ʱѾֻʣڲи֮䡣ͷף۹½볨įǱ
ƹǽ壬ǰиȴڿǰѵʱͣ¶
ͷմʲôѪбۿȥȻ
ָҪҵĶȭˡ㣬Ҹӡ
Ʊ߾٣ˮ˳Ÿ£Ķ͸ġղϣͲսĶƣ㲻
Ϊͣ͸˾ҵģ޹ˡһ粻ֲܿձȦôҲ
øʵĪ½ģ졣
μ˵ֻ̾һڣ˻һʲôӡ
ֱ˵ɣ㵽
ڶã½󣬶һһ˼ѡѡһλ֮ʲôˣ޶͸㡣
ЦʲôӡһȻΪҸͷ
¿ԼʱʱһƬǽ塣
Ȣδı桢鲻ԸҹŮΪٲ鲻ԸصáⲻǸôǺӴˣٳ
ûô񶾡
ƱݺϣѳƬδŴݼŭĿƵڸϡ
꿴²̨ü¶̵ЦǸһҲȢʲôҪãǾҼŮˡûеӣҲһ
ĬƬ̣εɫƺԥãڵһԵԸմ̫ȥ㹬Լ


10 
ҲҪŮҪūʹŮġ
ū㾹ڡˣ㡣ΰڰ֣ʾȥ
ͲˣӶһҾ󣬴󲽳š
뿪ſةءһüѽʱة಻ڼҺ࣬ʲô
񣬱ֵúǹ˽ݣſվŶƬ̡
ԭҹ빬Ϊʵ۱˵ġȻȴϰѻԹةƹܣֱʵۻ㱨
⼸Ҳ˲˱ر֣֪⡣Ѿճ֧ȴҪһСˮġ
뿪ϡ紵ɢŭֻʣµС
̰֮УԼ¿࣬ةǱʵڱ޳Īѹեգ鲼Ұة൳ֻлʵ޿ײ롣
ؿƲվӣ˭֪ʲôĿģǮѳʮΣա
ļӸƹܾӪ½һոҪȢɻ飬æúһ˲ݵ£׾ܳ롣
ͨѶ֮¸߹ģһˡ
ʲô
Ȩ㳯Ұر辶Ĵ˲Ž¥ٿػҵǿȨ⡪
ȫˡ¥ĻҪУˣʲôҲʣˡ
Ѫɿգв޳롣Ƽʵ򴦴⣬ı
¥½ܻٵġ
ˣ̤שϣӿ˽Ų

½֣ܵ˵ҪȻֻܾ֣˵˻붫λ䣬˵˵
½ŴӦ䲻˶ĿڣӰ층̬ȵľֻʣЩˡ
֣˰ϯƫǺٳôã򵥵ף֮󣬱ֻ˶ӣĸߡϵ½صｻ
ƹѲ˵ֿȻ½ܣ˷Ŀĺڡ
½̧ܻĿˮ
Щ˿ң˭ΪУ½Ϊ˵µĹҵ׷涫ԭ޲ͬ
ϣʣȻ˽ģǰ̫αְ಻֮£
½һ˱ۣתͷ˽ġ
ʮ꣬Ϊ̫ԼţԲҴ˼Ҳ޹ְһ徻ֻȴһ׮롣
պۿҧ־䣺Υסҡ
ھšĿ졣
½ܡ
Ļƾţʽýδ߽
ˣҪʲô
½ü΢̧һ緢ű㳵ݡ漴ߵǰ£һԲ
ȡҪֻ̬ȣñ⡣
һ˽½ܵĻһ顣
Цڰ˶˳ȥֻʣ㸩ͷҧһڣ½ơ˽֪ĳģٴ㲻ã˿ǹ±塣
ҲƣʻʵԸˡ½ܵǳɵһ֮£޹ءһūԿҡ
һת֣һںӣû˵ˣˡ½ܣûɹԲ°ɣ
ҵȷҪˣԸģӦҲˣⲻôѵһøģ
һһ½Ҳô
½ܵͷƹ˳ʵĮһҪøʲôģǸм֮ġ
ûʲôӦҲȤſȥط
½ֻøƫԷӲ뿪ԺδȫɢȥƼǡ
ϳ˵½￴ԸҲ˸š
ʻ⣬꿴һ߿Եˣڳ﷭ѡеغʵģȴƫƫֻ˼޺Ĺϻ׺Ƭë֣½ϡ
½⻨ڵѣü
˳ţԽҰƹɽһ϶Ⱥɽ֮䡣һС¥ȫ
ͣ¥ǰ½ܿϡ¥֣ѱȾҳ
¥ǵ֣꾩ݸѲ˴̫Ľ
ʧ޵¥ڣǿ̨ӣ̨Ϲƾɵᣣƺġ
ǰһװģ̾½ѧø㱸ЩĿԭ鿸̨ϧǰˡ
Ŀϣü½ѵʺ֮£絽̨ϳΣ
½ס
ѾͷŰ˸ɾ˽ܵģĪ˰ɡֻҪЩ̹ȥ⺢ӻô۸ء
ȴû뵽˻
ǻһЩδ£費١
׳ˡ
½˵ţ̨ȥ
һϮΣұģ˹¸Ρ
裬ҲѧЩ΢ȡ˵ķӣᡣ
յ̫ˣڸ˵ֻȡֻС½ܣȴһβԸ䡣
Щ£ҲûҪ֪ˡ
͵͵ĳǻڶưС¥롣ɾʲôǵķ
꿿α˫쿪̨ϡ
úܽ½ܻطǱΪˣɫˣ΢ͼ
ʹ֮־òԡ½ܽ¥ɱɾֻܽ
Ϊβֱɱ
ݺݱ˱ۣȥ
ˡ̨֮ˣԱһָ¥ͷǼӣҹ͹
½ֻǺޡѡ
̫ӵ¡
½Ƭ̣غɭȻ⣬̨˵ķȥ
Ҫģ˳Ӱˡ
Ƶ¥ݿڣҪ¥ҸǼӣǽ﷢O@죬ƺи񡣽ţתΪ͵͵
ôЩճİëƤˣʲôã
˵¥ѷ治ʱգʲôҪ飬ȻȥƫҪȻҲº͵
ˣҰЩظϣͷβһܲᶼˮ˰ɣ⼸˵Ŀɶݡ
㡣
һֽŷ죬ǽŲԶ
½վԭأü
ǰϵĻۿʼܵ֯İвٿأ̾޼Ƕ˵Ǹ¥ĵط
½ܶԴʼձ־裬ȴδ׳ֱ֡ǰ¥вμۣʹݰշ׷˴ڵΡƺǴٽոݣʱ־ٴ֮У˾ٳ״˾Ľࡣ
˾̸̸ȴҲˣ¥ƺֻǸ˲е֣ھǸ֮⣬һ֪
ʵ޷½ֻϵ˾ݸѰ¥λãȲгԱ½ܱչ鼺ãǱ̵ıΪ˾¡
㣬Ǹطһ¥ɽҰ֮Уʮѡ
Ȼݸ֪ĵϢûҵصĻ¥ɾݸ½ܣǵʱ¥˸ɾ
͵¥ϢⱾûʲôֵģΪθôòǡúͶĵĳײͬһգɺϡ
Ҫǣ˵˼Ҫݡ
˼ţ½ܸе˴סߵ½ʲô
½ֱܼʳɻ󣺡Ϊл¥Կף¥ƽպ˿Գ룿
겢ش𣬶һһ½ܣ㲻
ǰ黳¥ݸ˵¥Ա޶ˣ¥ﲻκΰ¡
½ܣȻʲô¥
ʱǵͨ죬ĥ˱ѪҪǰ̻֮
½һ֪¥һ´ͷβ붫ûκϵȲΪҪ˴ҲΪ˼ߡ
ˡ
߽벽ſڸǰؿڣǲ̸˰ɡ


11 
½ܻеͷȥǸüĿˡ
δ̱㱻ƿǰŤͷ͵͵
½֪ܲԭίֻ¥˲ǣ˶Է֣ҡ밢ˡ
У·Էθֺ÷ŭٺʲ
ץߡ
ſڵȥһζ½ʲô
½ܽҺã¡
ĳЩ£ᳵ·°Ʋȥһߣ˶ԷĴӣȻͷ
븴߹ʰĺӣū澣Ǿū澸¡˶ˬū澣Ҳм
㹻Ŀˡ
½ϸǰ֮˺ı仯ʱԼҪͣסȻȥͨڵôɸɾȥ
ū̷ˣҪġūΪȻзֺΡ
ϴߵ߳ܵı飬˲Ķ
·½ֻѧһ븴˵ֻҪȥˣµԻɡɴʱֻüۼд̰ȴκʵʶ
״븴û̹һ½Ҳʦͨˡ
ԼһȻףȴǸǿȵģ޹ء£޷ˡ
ǱȵģƽһУ޿صԨ
Ϊ˾ΪݰգΪľ֮ڳõĺƽȡ
ܻǵЦϣҪҲա
ðֶδﵽĿģҲǸɾġ
еظţȴеָĦüۣЦʹֺ࣬οΪԼ
½ŷ˿Ʊ飬ֲдϣʮɨˡ
ˣǰŬ㸶뽫ٵġˣ½һֻ·ǰԼǡĻӦ
һ£ձĨɫͫб뵣βֵɫ
Ѿʱ½ǰ֮ĿԣƬ̵Ļ㱡
ǺӱúÿѲʣʲôķ⡣Ӣò緢۵к׳־ɽ
½޷ӵеġ
΢΢·жڻˡ½ܲòϣΪһ۶ӣܽⳡϷꡣ
ԼǷǰ¼ϲѧŪ

ƣ糱ˮĸо˲ʣ½ȴ㣬ǰ㣬˳ſǰ֮˻
Ǳͨ½̫ʱһ׸ģаڣҺϲ
½ѹӶؿڲ˲䣬󣺡գ껹𣿡
Ȼ֪Լûнˡ
֡ü±㿼һ¡
˵ȴȡһѸ½ܹϣϵ´ȥḧ£ƺǰ˱˻С
½̧ͷԷﾹ˼ĵ׷𱡱ϲԷӦ˵ԼŬ߳ЧһأԼ뿪ǰת
ûʳɻ󣺡´¥Ϊ£
ԷɵֱסǰˡųĺӣҲûʲô˲õĴ
ûʲô
¥ֱһ½ƿ飬ô˾ȥ¥ţ
½ܵĳȵס
һ˲ԼֻǴɡ
ĨƽɫԾɵģĿ޷ĮȻ³ոҪȥ˻¥㿿ķ䡣
һãϰڷʮλλøߵͺܽȻֵǣλûд֡
½뵽ʱݸ˵¥ȫԾʱҲõġʮһʡ
ÿλǻ¥һˣ⻳¥ҲС˵ǹ¥ֲɱˣЩΪҪԾкθϵ
£븵кθϵ
Ķɻ󣬵˿ʡ֪ض˼Ӵ˴ҲóȻҢõ½ܻߵУλ¡
ûӴ½һηĹͷǧٿסϵؿȣǣ˷Ū˴һ˺Ѱʹ
Ŀǰõѡ֮ʹɽ⣬Ǻܻ㡣
һҹֲ
¥⣬½ܸ³̾գ֣ع
֣ۣû½ô죬ǵƳɽʻ԰ʱŵ¿ҪȥŻ¥
һü׻ǵͷǱȥµλ̫˿кúùš
֣Ӧһ뿪ĶȴΪԱ㱻عζĸס
ȵȣȥ䣬˸ˡȸͣعܣֻҪĺŲס
֣ΪѵūŲ֪α𰡡
غһֻõˣºͬȥ
Īòġ
Ļȥģһ¥ҸӶţ֣¥¥µܣʱ㱨½ܵ
һҹ˯ֲңһֱ
峿ۿںڵĸŷ￴ȥһȾ˪¥Ų鸡㲡
֮ǵ˱ĥ⸱ӣǰı΢̬ȷǽġ
ҲĿ
Ҫȳη
֪ΪΣıʳһţһһۣȫơ
٣סؿڱۣԺֵ︡ȴҹ½ֹǹģ
ðѲյڵء
ΪξͲܺúúһˣ


12 
ʮգ˾Ǯ;һǮ
ðŷѩ˾ǰʶ౨
겻ַϻƪ£ȴûһĶãǱֵʮרġ
Ǯ;ݺĵһ౨½ܵ۹⣬Ǯ;Щٴп죬ӡ
꣬óһ˵ĺƣúܺãˡ֣ȥЪϢ
ҪԼǮˡ
һ˺ȻԴ˸Ʈ
Ǯɵκݵݹٱ۹ٸҪ˴黹ǮɺܿӦվ͹黹ˣݾɢȥ
ž
͵һӣһķĿ
ЩӣǮ;һȥͰ˸ˡЩ˱Ҫŵģûʲô󰭣ֻǡ
һԵ⹳⵹ˣǮɴδ˾£ΪһȥЩݹپͶˣ
Ȼɿ
Ŀ⣬ݹģ
ګګڣ²ͷתݹĳ仰¾úãˡ
ŷ˴ǣǳǺŷ˴ˣ˺
´͵͵ۣݹٶûĵˣдӡȴע֮ɫÿ¡
áܺá
ҧгݣвյ飬ߡ
뿪һ˾ԺתȦ̤שʯ֣ܶ׷ϡڰΣйˣŴصһ˵ãȻ̱
ϸԼֻһ仰ˣ½Ҳ˵⻰ٴȥģһء
ȴ׵úܣܵĽͱǡ
½ͨĳְ취ϵݣɿݹٺԼԡ
˫ֲɵ߬ü۵ź⡣
޲ھͱȥ½ܰǽϣĲʡҪϴģٺرû
ȻһʲôëƤҪþļֻѹ³嶯غһ
ʱǰɢ˻ᣬ⹳쿴Լӵ
һ˱Ըض½Ŀ߶˽ӴʲôҪʣҹ
ˡ
񶬵һѩ£δ۳ۿɼİףȻڻϢ
ֻؼ䣬ȷЩ
ŽСĴ̨ͣһֻڣ¡˿ɢľһţרעģԳü۾¡
Щ죬Ңö϶˲ݵϢĶͨţԴǿеȰ뿪һͬı¡
½֪ĺ²ǲ֪־ֻʵڲ̿ڶ衣
ǲǣ½֮Բ뿪˴ַΪ֮⣬Ϊˡ
Լ뿪ˣҪδøꣿѵҢֱӲܲˣɱô
µȥ֣Ĵ˴Ҳڶȥ̫ˡ
ѡֻθһĿġöô΢ķʽ
εżֻһ£Ǯ;ѽȴǵһ֪顣
Ңý½ָܵݹǮ;ﵱҪˣǮ;ҲùķԸ˫ӣȻһ¡
գǮ;ǩļЩ°ձϾֻˣ˴ôãŽǡغ಻ݣ밴ɷá
ݹ񲻷һԣֻΪ֮ʣλܴµ˾ǰ˾˴δã
֪޴׳ѡΪ֪ǰֻǸ֮ˡ
Ǯ;չϵĹٻش𣺡Ϊū
и˴Ϊŭ˰ˣ£˴Ȼ˰ӣˣ˴ЩսǴãǲҲýˣ
Ǯ;ɫ½˾ʱҹ¡±عף**³ͻȻ֮˵½˾漮˴곤ڹ˴ˣܽ˴ã
ãǹ⣬ôˣµľֻǱ
Ǯ;˴īѺݱߵ˵֮ǰ½˾̫̫̫ӵ´˼ǣõ¸ҵʦиն
ȥˣ
½ܿ󣬶Էû˵ʲô°ջȥˡ⣬ԼְʱҲһΪ񣬲δĸԱݹΪԴ˴Ĵη壬ʱ𾹸Ҷ˾Ա˵ˣ
ֲõԤС
ѵд˻ţֻж̶Уȴǰ޹أ
¥ʮ˺ιԾ̫Ӻθɣ
գֽոһöӡ项һűײ
½ū澸£
⹳
ҶӴ룬Ҫ½ܡ̧ۣĮ˼ɫұūҲǶū澡Ҫң˵
һ˵ţ½һ߱˫֣󽫸дֽСţ׵߰ǰ
Ңܹѵ״ǰֽţŷˡѸȻȫ޾졣
㻹Ҹ㣬Ҫ̫ӵ´˾ŴģǼ
½ͳűģĿǰ⹳֪һЩ̫ӵĹϵӦҼٽֱ̫Ŷ롣
ֱۣЩҶֻϲżӲӣ㱻ҲãƷԷ練ơ
⹳ŸǸͲٷԸÿһֺøĻᣬЩĥܺģ½ܾû㡣
ʲôҲûֻǴһ˳ģǰˣһ·ܳŽСȥ˶䴦İΡ
˷йְ̲ãֻūͲŻѺ˽ΡԴ˴ưܲգòʵ綼˽
½ܱϽդηҪڿ˷̾ϣ⹳ȴ̧ס
Ϸʵ°ɲΪ˴
Ǽ˻Ȼ򣬷׷죬½֪ܲǺá⹳ηתһȦһƣԸǽ½ѺդΧĽ䡣
½ܱһֵư
˫ֵһ𣬹̶ڹսǴһϡ˫ȷֻֿߵ⡣
ֽű泯դηӺʲôܷ㡣
η½ֹס

˾У꽫´ϣ뿪ʱȻҹʱ̼ŽҹҪ½ܣ֣һֱ̳ȥ
ڹſȴһͣ˼СΣԹǳɫᣣ綯ʱ
Ϊ̫֮磬һȳһյسи񣬵ūǹģˡ
л˵ĸĻȥߣ١ϣߣ
ǰ踺أֺùѡڵʱ龳µŲԣʥĸģֻҪܴﵽĿģԼ۸νġ


13 
ˣü
̫޵ͷ˿ɶ͵ģȴŲý˵˵µ
ȷҵָ̧ǽ֮ŷ̫ЦЦͷú򣬲빫ͽӣԵƬ̡
ԽªŷͨǴ˵ĵȺ֮
ܿ죬Ů̫ųһŹ¡Źʡò毺ãȴкη壬ɪһš
겢δϸֻ̧ʣԭڹﵱʲôʲô
ͷĬţһ֮дʲôãǱд֮˵͵͵ص£ū澾ţλԡ˾ūǱߵľִۡǴڵɨŮ
Щ֣귽һȥ
ţڲԣ㲻У۲ֲִܹۣ
Ŵף˵ū̷¡
²̷зܿĿ⣬Լѡɣ£ǣҲҪϷ¾Ҫæ
˴ֻŷǻԾ׵ػȥ
˵ţ˼ˣһģԽЩдھġ
ʱ˵ҪȢһӦǾܾҪЩŮӣҲΪΡ
ǰĹǸüĿ㣬ҲȷҪȹ̵λǺȤ
һǺ½ܹ죬Լֻϲ˰ɣ
ȼƲǰ벽ٴιˣ̧߻ˣūԸڶ
˫ʹʱӻεᵹڵءŵ濰ãֻ
һĻĪĳҹİŽС½һѵԼϴΡ
ͷ͵һ
˻ڳɣȻǰ°ɡūҲ׻塣
ǰͣ£һ䣺Ժڶǵı
ŷ˵ַ̫࣬Ը֣ȥԺãˣȫ
˵򶫹ţ⹳Ѻڴ˴
½û°ɣ󲽽ţʾϣߣȥŽС
⹳ګګ½˽ˡ
Ųס
˽Ρ
η½ܱεưηУˣһ󷢶
ɸ֪ηġ
ΪޱһУܻǺЩȴɣԼľȵô
аתǧأԶĻ
Ҳǣ㿴ϰŽСšſھˣŪηʲô½ôֵطҪġ
⡭¼ŭΪҪ½ӡ
ҪҲڷ˴ฯʲô¡
ͣס½תͷڹսֱֱ⹳ԡ
״Цⲽǰ⹳㵹˵˵ùΡΡ
⹳޵һЦƿǼη߽ȥ½ߵ̾߹
ֿ˷õĹߣӸȼа壬ٵպˮٱޡ
һ״ϸͬƳϸĽֵָľڴСֻһߵϵͨ
ȥζڹǰ鿴Ƭ̣Ȼתͷ⹳һۣô㻹뿴ţ
⹳æߡ
ȡ˱ӣĦ½ܵգ״˾˵һ׮¡Ǯ;ǰŵݣپţҪ˴黹񡣡
½˵һ
ڳǾͬĻ½ܻα⣬Ȼ𴩣˳ءΡ
½ܴüۣɫ䵭Ⱦ˪ѩҲӭϡ
ǲ˽˷֪ݡ
ڲĿٱޣʱȻӦʣ²黹ݡֻôճ棬δĵµָ֪Ƕ
һͣ°ͣʹԼӣһһҧҲںʲô²ֻں½ܡڶݵóϢ˳ʵ򱳵ţµĻ
·ɡ½ܴĿƣ֪
һ̣ȻŨصС
ηžãȡֵǱס˱Ȼ
ϣ⹳ϲãõĳ׼ؼĳ嶯һһƤޣһ½ܺܿġԷ˿ڣӵߣ˵դϣˣҪԼռС
ЩηŸһĸ
Ȼܿ췴Ӧ̾ߣ½ܻᱻûѪ
ȫ޷Ρ̫ˡ·
ǡãխ©һ磬½ʹ飬߳ȡ
ԴΪڣ⿪Էϵ˵籡ֽҶȽһֱԵϣȴ˼ס
ɫףȻ䣬Ȼһŭ
½ͷӲ̾Ȥúܡˡ
֣⹳һѹµӽŪˡȴȥϴϴﰲô

Ǻã¹ȥơ
ſˣԳηͷҲء
Ǳ½ܷդվȣĿ⡣
ǰЩҢø͵ĳϣһ̫ӴӹҪ˵¡ΪֻҪµģδġ
ҪľǼ
겻ӹҪŮˣֻǱʵ۱ȢݻţڲĽ±Լ޹ء
ȻΣĶǸȤ
½ܲʲôرĸܣֻЩ
Ī˵Լ˵Ĺ򲻵ң븴˵ˣǷ³֣Ϊβá
ʱ֣ߣеӿǶˣǲʣūŸҸҽߴȥȪůһů԰ӺͷǳСЩʵʵů͡
½εˡūҲǶūš
֣־ȣӡ
½û׷ʡ֣˵⻰ǿ̬ȡ
ȻˣӲԼ˩סĵı£ҲΪһ㵹
ֻҪպ⺢ܼǵһǰĶ飬Ϊȥһ㹻ˡ
ȵĳˮƬ̣½ܽӲ彥ůؼ亮ҲɢˡӣýȥǼѵˮ飬ɢٳԡʱм
ֻתͷʹĶб
ذŽСЪ£òŴڣҲô㡣
֣һۣ·Ըԡ󵽾̷
Ǹ޹½ܲ˼Ů˲ȤҪԼ̷ҲһڰŽСΪͻȻ˵ط
л˵
ƻ1v1ԭΪǷ
ԭ´θʱ10


14 
һ⹬Ǽǰ½֨ѽƿţŮɳƵɤֹһˡǸطģڡ
ߣȴͲˣ»úܡ֪ˣ͸ðҡ
⻰½ܶʱԭء
ΪǼǴ˷Ըߴ˵طתţŲȴ﷢֡Ǳ߲ٷ죬ǸĻ½ˣ
һ䣬ƹʱ̫ӵֻһ룬һĴɢţ¶°߲ۡ
ĵ½ʲôĪǹҪ㣬㲻ϣ
½ܴĿ⣬ƾ´á
ЦһǰץסԷһֱ
ͷһյ΢ƻӳҵı죬ŮӣǾɫǵֱ¶ͷϹŶǶĺ޷ϸȴΪĶɢ
½˵һըĸоӽŵ
ͷһһְֻŮӷϵգҵ½һ㲻㣬˰֡
½ͫȻ
͹˸ֻֻ꣬ȻһضķθԼ޷ͣʲôһ
˼Ƭ̣󻺻ǰڸǰ£ǫ״ȴͦñֱҧ´Ը̷¡
ȻǺţͷŵ̬ԼûԵ·ӣ̫ӵ¾ΨһĿɽܲϵػţܻܲţȡڸ괹
궢ŹǰãȻЦ˰ڰ֣ˣѻȥɡǵĽ˵һǣż
غеȻ
Ƕ뿪긩ǰ˵°ͣɷ˵ȥ
½ȴ͵ƿԷ
ٶ˸꣬˽Ƭ̣½ܱ㱻ʵʵڵϡ֮˰Ե˹һ⿪½
½ܲ
һֱ֪ԼԼǸڶ֮һ֪һ£ŶԷ˾ǲƵų⡣
⣬
ûץϵˣ泯ﰴϡٳ´½ֻƹϵһ
֪ˣ½ܡࡣ
Ӻƿ°ڣеǸɾ
ʲôǸɾأ
̴񻨵ıʸˣǺã̫ˣӦ̫죬̵ֻ档
ʯ·Ͳȷʵܴһ½ܺ䷢죬·ǳضһܿȤ
ҵһյɫƣССһͭƺɻʢ͵ĵͿĵһϸ˴
һЦĨõĹ͡
ⲻϡ
½ܶͷֱð亹޷ƵطЩڵء
ԼЩġܸĻƣΪԼ⺢;֪ԼķǵûеõرԷ䱾
Ǹĸ꣬滹
ôһ˲½ܺɱˡҢõİ˫ֱľ׼֮ҲС
ɱ֮󣬴˴պô죿
ĻӾֻʣף½ڸ£֪Լ˾ж͡ô̳ģιıŵù
ʵǱ鷳ˡ
ţּ겻֪ķһ澵ӣ°ʹС
½ܾȵط֣߷ѹʹѣȴǳɫΪˡ
ʹ࣬ӳ÷·һ㡣
½ǰ߸ϣǸµľӡû뵽һյƾͰŪ
ۣ޺޵ҲףȨеʲô壡
ʹӾ磬ƵԽԽߣ½ܸܵ˶Էӿ
½ܵĳȵס
ֻǶһˣ۸ʲô̡Ϊ˸˴һŻڵĹԺޱԼ
ɸ귽Ǽ仰
̫ӵԼҵʦ衣ȨƸʢڴ˴ֵܿܿΣ
һ֮ߵٳΪٶŻкô
±ؽҡ
ָȥϵı飬Ÿ˵ʱУں䣬˾ͻϢ㿨ò׼Ҳ˶ֻҪʱȡһҪ
øɾֻҢ˴뿪
ˣԼһӡ
ǼƻšָıƣӾ׼˫֮䡣

½ܲݣһ䵭ֻ۽Ĺһᡣ
ʮˡ

ǡ
ͻȻϣ½ܸеһȣ꾹ָȥ顣
ʲôζôˣ
½ܴæ˱ۣƽ·ǿӡãͷȥ飬Ƭ̣͵͵ǣˡ
ӱסۣ½Ǿǿ˶һҡͣ£۸ˡ
㡭½ܻδɿӡ
ȻЦüۼǵ⡣
ɴ࣬ﱻŵ˴ѡ⿪ӣȻȥţָ˳ķϣݵ¾ͲƽˡԺ½ҪʲôܿңҲǺܺ˵ġ
ٸԴϢ¾㡭
ǻơ
½ЦԷǣһգİѧͬ˵
ˣջ˷ŵľźۼذѱȥ
һ䡸Źݰء컵ʱһ˼Ľĳ˲ˡ
İ֮˸ո˱ˣӦҪġ
ۣǰȴһקԷ
½ۿ죬ӯӯԱܿĿ⣬ĴֵСģλѾˡµģҲҪ𣿡
ǹ͵ˣϲҲÿ
סǰ˵½ǣǾ䲻Ը˵ڵ
Ц½䣬͵Ҳûʲô˼⣬Ҳˡ
ƸϻգСָ鷢ĴָС
ϾҶ½ء
ҹĸڣԱ˸ڴͷ½ͿĨҩ˯Ĵˣ˯
ԼȴδߣΪĪأ뵽һ޹ص¡
Ǽ֮ǰʮ꣬ξǮ½ܴȥʳʲôӡ
½ܽúϸ£Ұ䵽ҹȻϽߵС羰
˶ܲϵڡҲСڣ˲һɣϵȴʪģŪһ͡
½ò׷֣нӹӣ渵
Щ˼ˣ̬ΪδӲܽң
½ǳЦ㴺磺ٹ꣬Ȣ̫ȻҪ̬ôȥҲ㡣ԽϵԽࡣڣٷ輸ɡ
ᣬ䵽ƤЦȢ½̫ǲǾͿһֱȥˣ
ֻЦһ˭Ҳ˶
½ЦЦð̫ſɱ̫̫󡣡
仰ڸüꡣ
֪½ЦȴȻֿ϶ζ˺ÿеƣʱͻǸ˺˵ĻԼΪŲ½Ľ̵
δ㣵µ󣬿ŵþˣԼˡڹﱻʵҪȢʱһӦǾܾΪǸλ˵ġ
⼸ȷѪ꣬½Ѻ֮ǡ
ȷȢʲô̫ͷ˯գȻΪԼЩŮӺȤ
Ȼѳ½ܵζǱ˭Ʋˡ
½κ֡һūȻǲġ
л˵
ģ£bushi
һθұ֤QAQ


15 
ݸڳ룬ԭͳһ޽ɹٸЩȻưܣ˳ݵǮôһֱķá
ǰ˴ץʮѾصݣѺſµİղδɢȥǾ飬Ⱥȴð˳
أʮĻƻŮôûˡݵĹүǿŮҪ˱һӴޣ̫ע⣬͸ϸʵ顣
䣬һʢ˵ŮӱʲôݵĹүǿ˴Ĺ٣̰Ҳˣӯ˶۸֪ݣүܲܣ
ⶼһˣô粻״
һ̱ĳûˡ
ⳡһ죬ֱһֵĵͽ׹Ա븮õãˡ
ˡ˳ϵ֪޴׳񣬡ǰӯἸȥ˴ǮɸϣȥġûձиĹӻ˼ңԳƱǮ;ۣǰЩԾˡ
һڹԱĬȻ˼
ӯݸַŮӽɵ˻ᣬڱľʱΪٹݳǮ;ϲݵС˽֪ݹԱû˸˳Щֻ鱦Ҳǳ¡ˣܻܵѡ
һǮģΪ̵Ǯ̾ˣȻֳݵôµĹͷһ¡
޴׳üǮ;Ʒɣݰ£˾ҲˣΪƤºΪ
˵ձ˻عζȥ˵ʱǮǻά½˾˵Ǿһģ
޴׳һȴֹģԣ˾ݸ˴ֲɵôù
˴֪ѵͻˣ
ǣǰ˵ݲ˴ͼ԰һͬʣȴ˾ѹեǡȥҪΪ˴ū澣ⲻ̡
ʱ޴׳ǣδȥ˴߼ݵΣ˺ιơ
ֲûʳֲһ˿ڣαƲǵ̣֪ͨݣܲе
ɹ࣬Ҳ˴˼
һʱ䣬Ⱥ鼤ߡ
޴׳̾˿òεطԸ˴İնˣȰſڵˡ
סݳţפرһ˴˽룡
˿¶صЦ

ݵϢ½֮
ѮһѩͺİŽдŶ¡ŽСſˣ߳޳Ρ
ůʵ۽մϸѩ۵ס
ϴǮ;ݹ˳ͻᵽ֣½ܾԤ̬ȴϵǱôʲ̸ֱӻ˴Ľߡ
˼ȥҸԲߡոݵķз磬˭Ҳϣݳˡ
Դ½һˣ꼸ҹҹͬޡֻûƺæ
ʱӦ鷿½ſڣȴŽգصС˵òɣ·Žȥˡ¶ʮģС硣
½΢΢죬С궼УǴȥġ
ת뿪ǾͻȥôǡݵıȻ֪˵ڣͲؽԼϢԺδˡ
Ȼһ򿪰ŽСţͿҢֻٴͣڴߣϰһֽ
½ȡ˿Ŀ⡣Ƭ֮³ţ鷿ͤӴ
ȡ
鷿СƼæ֣֣½ܽ£ȰżԵǰţ죬ѩģη
½ܵҿɷ鷿Ⱥ򣿡
⡭֣ԥԥµ鷿룬½ӡѽˣͽɣӦɡ
ˡ½ܰڰ֣¯Ҳˣڴ˵Ⱥǡ
֣Сĵǡм£
Ǽ£һ仰Ҳܰ˽л
½һƬ̣ڵûʲôˡ
õĽڡ
ʱʹƮѩڵůƻͨ̿ҲյʢӳܴϴɫװΡ
߽ʱ׵Ĳûε۾ۡ
˶ֻǵͷԷ޹̸ֻཻĶ縵ףƺڵǰž޴ĻֽģͿʲô
ͷ񣬸ȴŵһǣϡͰ
꿴ûһۣǰվϵĻʵ۰˰ݣǰѶб䣬˷ţҳ档ǰݣ븸ʴһݶּݰա
˽һ㶣̫ӵ¾ĳϣԭ¡
һԲתͷһԵةࡣ
ǻҼ磬вٺŮ죬ȴҲةϯˡ
ؿһʸ꣺½˾ոݣʵ£Ϊ֮Ҫ
겻ԣڻش𣺡ݲΣǰ֮裬ոʡȥ˸߼۹εĿ֧ԭΪһ壬ոֻ˲δ˴ʶҪó⡣
ոܽʡ֧ȷˡʵ£֮󣬵´λѣ
üԣܣ̰ξոĸҪǮ
عһ˿Ц⣬תͷϵĻʵۡ
ﲻձҪ޳ҪǮǰЩӳôأ
Ȼ
굱ȻˣֻǾǮû
ة⣬̾ѽ˾̫ȫȨ״һŲ֪ȻóȻִּ̫ˣд£Իġ
Цһ׳ըˡ
Ȼ½˵ĻûҪǸΣ㲻ôҪҲ´ࡣȻ·ͨ뿪
һתָ׵ĻֽϾȫӡ
Ŀԣ׿ŵһ˦ʣС磬˾˵ʲôݣĻ¡
ѣΣ´ʶĺꡣȼºʱǰأȻˡ
͹˾ͷͣŲߵ˽֪δ¡ǵζ˵Ͳˡ
ڻʵԱߵǸĸյҲ죬Ҽǹ£̫ӵ£йô
䲻ȴĸ׵Ļһ޵ظҾҲ˳ƺ
ըë˳Щȵذڰָ֣Ƿʱʲôӣżõ࣬续ЩġԾô
ŸԥԥӦ飬Ȼֲˣơ
ӹ֮ѧȻѧ÷գѧ괫õ˵Ͳѧˡ
ﻭóԾء
ȻԵõػӱʣɻĲ֮ͷðǲزסľȡ
˿ǻ׷ײ࿪ĿЩеûģ
Ȼ˫ۿϷֱʹӴչߵ֣ܼҴ½ӵ鷿ѰûѰűſͤţȰߡ
΢΢üѩġҪ£
ɡʹӵż㡣
֣ϸ£ǰ꾡дһɨȥע⵽󼸸֡
ûʲôˡ
괽΢飬ȴʢЦ⡣
˸ʱ£ȸˡ
𿴸׳뿴½
⻰һдʣȴĸץסŨŨī˦ڻϣС磬̫ӵδɻ飬һң
걾ż߲ԸȻ½ܺʹ˵ԨԴϹࣺδɻ飬ǰЩҪ˼ŮȥΪǹˣȫ߻ˣʲôССֶҪȥչˡ
ҵſ꣬ҲǷҪȥ
ҡֻʣֹ˼˵ǹˣĿԴ
⵽ǰ˵λ½ǰڶ縮£շת˶
ֻ˿ŵҧгݣҵˡͷţģȫǡҡġ
˵գûκˣ󲽳ů
л˵
½
ԭ´θʱ10


16 
ͤ½ܱʹúʵлڲ࣬δе䡣𷽲ϵݣģɵ뿪ͤԺⲽ
ɫȻȫ׷ѩƮ䣬ػڼͷҡףüͷȴ΢΢šĿͣңԶɼ֮
մѩ°ڣ֮£بͨš
߽½￴ˣҲԷѩеԼʱǾɫ
Ҵ߹һѽڻȴǰԼŪˣҲаۡ
ߣҲû㣬Լô֪½Ҳ˶һ棿
½ܲغôǵЦһ˳ӵӣֻ˸¡
ƽˡȽݡ
ͤӳӱ鷿ԶҪմٵѩ
ûѡֻ鷿
һ鷿½ϴѩĶ񣬴齱ߵİ﷭һë̺ס֣̿
öԷůˣֽ̿һպīһߵзִʣҹҪдġ½һ
½ܵ⣬ֿƵ飬ʵ״ȥԡ
ǰڶ飬ϣ̫ӱˣҲһЩټӵܺͰκ˶ɢˣֻ긵ǡ
ٰ鷿ȥһ綼Լ½ܺ졣
ſڵܣŵǶƽճϵ顣ַģõֽѹƣֻϸ۲ֱܷ桭
ֻֽֽ
ǰ½ܷԸҢȥ黳¥ʼĩΪξݸѸҵıŪֽ
ֽдŻ¥ľλá֮ܵõ¥λã˵ܿйء
½ܴУΪŪֽǺ顣ֻ̫ӵ鷿ҵ˵ıʼ
ܣܿһݲ۵ĺرϷƵ塣ҲϤԸ
¥ǻԸŵû¡ֹѲ˻Ŀġ
½ܽǷݺرҲ뻳СԭţȻĻ
֣дֽȥǰϹµöһȥ˾񲿵ӡҲʣϱˡȥҪ죬̡
֣ȥˡ½ת̣
αһ˫Ժ󣬡ֳˡͬǳƤȥһˡʮҲͻˣúڶЪţ½ӣҲܴȥڡ
½û뵽У׼С
⻰һбŭһͷϴ½Լ˵ģµĻɣżգ²һ㣬Ͳˡ
˵һۣ͸ðڰŽСհšһʼź˵ģڹƤ˷ˣ޷졣
ǰ½ֻܻװһʹģ⼸䣬ı˵ˡ
ˣľҲᶯݡǸ꣬ʮѧ
½һпʰ˼ߵǰ˫ֲһǰ졣ڣֻüۼ˼ų˳ӣʹִ࣬š
ݱ߾ΪϤҳ˾ְڼ뵱˶ʩҲ١Ҫ˽棬Ը棬Ϊ·ǡ
²ģһ·ҾˡͷкνصҶźµġ
һ˵ñ΢½ܸеӵĿⶤԼϡƬ֮һЦ
½˵ЩûʵĻΪҪȥΪδѩͷңܿô
ץסԷһʹ㱻ק˼һ
һһ°ͣЦ˵һ᲻ңʲôá
½ܰͷĿ⣬Ȼ᲻õġ
ЦϾǵɫڻԴһѣͶͬˡ
գ̫ӵĳ̱ϣǰݡ˾Ա⣬ЩĿӡ
ٺȴһƬںԽԽ½ܶ󷽷Լͬһ·Ͻڻδĺ䡣
ꤣȣ½⺢Ӱḡӣ̾
ϴαɱ֣һ̸꿴ˮ첻۸½ܱ϶ֻҪһ˿֮ģͲ޼ɵΪ£ҩɾȡ
ʲôȣ
ûס
ΰѼ䣬ͷԼĿ޺˯ۣԹ˾䣺ôˣ
ʱȫƽյߵĮ˯ѵԵú޷
븵ʱĿеĿ⡣겢δſһֻӣԸͣһͣͷôˡ
ͣס½ܴӷ⿴ȥʱٽݣ·һҰͷϡϡмݡ
һ䷿ſվٱˣһһʲô⣬ȴƴס˸ƽ֡
˾ͽ׹ԱǰдƷƣѯ
һͣӵŴ¶üСԴͯҲ߰ꡣ
һĹٱǹְݹٸȥݵ·жϣμǣ˼Ҵβ㣬ӹȥǰڹٸ´ݵͼ۹εİգضΡ
һˣЩζģǹٸģûȫߣôصԹ
£ɷʮܵǮ˵ͼΣҾȫΡͷˣҼ߸ŮûЩΣʲôǰ
˾ԱһʱãȻ֧֧첻֪Ȱ˭
ĸԭίһԼϣʲôҲû½ܳŴǮ㽫ɰµݸ
곯һЦźɰ³Ǳִļ˴
Ǵδȡ£ɹٱߣ˹ȻⱾõĺôķѣջҲ֮Сٸ°£һ˻˹ء
Ҫٿޣֽɰеӵϣǹأ飬㷽Ӽ㼸Ǯȥ
ȥʳһӳһˣ˾Ա̲סӻ
һۣЦֻʳʣµũߺӡ꿪ѻĲ֣ſĶܰæջǼұ˿ǳˣܰˡ
˵ţԷĸлǱȥӺ½ǳǳЦա
Ƭ̡̣½ܼϳָĮ顣
꾶˹ϣһſŴŴģѽĪΪǮȥˣ
½εЩӶڶõġ˶ˣοǮء
ƺʮãԴǰ˲䡣½ʮһġӡʱпǧ
ڸ걳£ƶ֮˲ȼã֮㲻֮棬úܺáܽƷϣ½ο
·ǾʱĹϵ꿴ȥͦϲϷ½ܵĲȻЩÿʲô½Ҷ˵ݰΣⲻǽ̻
ĵĻ½ܵĿ˼Ƭ̣ͷȥʣô˵˵磬һҲڰˣɻǵ˵Ļô
⻰˵꣬½ܱ㿴ӿŭ
ڿϣҧгݵĻʲô˼Ҫȥģ
½ŤͷܿĿ⣬ҲͲˣˡ߳ʲôҪ۸ˣ˸Ұʱ²뻤ˡɢ޳˭˵úء
°ͱסתͷǿӡ
㲻ηĲ˻ȥҰȫõĴ򶼸˭Ҫ۸㣬͵ȹءˣҵˣҲҼҵķ½ܣҲȥô
ͷӣĻ󣬿־䶼ŭֱ½ϣһ˿ײĲ
½ܳĿãÿԼ°͵֣ͷǳѪĴһǣһ˵ˡ
ôҹǣѳϰߣ롣ѡȻһֱڰߣ³ʲô⣬ɲҡ
ƵĻһˮ˸ŭָ飬һѱס½ܣ૵½Ժͱˣء⣬ûκ˵㡣
½ΨЦ
͸ðϡ
ʵʮͷѪգÿնҪ۸Ρ½ܱۣᳵ·ػӦš
Ȼûֱӻش⣬ӷǼУѵõҪĴ𰸡
ģ˶⡣󣬸ӦûϼգȻһʱڶ˼Υš
ʱ䣬ǰʱ䣬ƽݻңԼǹġ˺ʲô£Ңɱ̫ӣԴ˴˵Ҳܵ
ֻǲ򲻵ѣߵһ
غã½ܱǵշ졢β飬Ҫ࣬ȴͣ¡
ͷ£½ӣǰվ˵ֻͣƬ̣ȵˮߣҹﵽЪϢ
½һ·ڵһͣʱ䲻̵վͷܿϵˣӲһĨǰڳʩչʹ졭ҹȥϡ
걻ܺãϺݺҧһ£ˡ
õ仰½ܾͿ³ˡҲԶɢҵ޷һԵӣ˾飬˭ƹܣɸˣ
ӵԸӣںͷء
½ܵͷûװĻϵңҪϸ
⻰Ȼ˵ġ
Ӻȥ̣ܿڻϣ˳µػòŵĿռ䡣
ҹҢıʼԸĶϣһûʱʡһ·ϸ궼ڲŵøϢĻᡣ
߽ᣬռȥ룬ֻխխĿռˡԸѺٹȥ£˱㰤úܽ
½뿴ʲô飿ԸЦ
½ܴӻóֽڶԷǰƽıʼɡ
ԸɨһֽڶݵľȺָ˴ݡ
Ҵ˷ʸףΪ֮⻹ʲôԼͻ¥ĹϵͬҽȥҲ˵̫ӵ£಻˼Ӻ㡣
̹ףȻҲ̷á
ԸһЦ˵롭̫ӵ£½ΪҲɣ㵱ˣͼʲôȻء
ɼ´δ㣬ΪҪ
½һü˾Ȼ󷽳ϺͼĹϵԼҲǼͽģɶǰ޹Ūߡ
Ը¶Ц½һߣ»ǡ̰̫ӸЩ㿴Σ
½ǰˣԸȷòڣѹš
ϧ̫ᣬϲҵġ
δðҲִҪ£뿪ҲӲȤ֪Ϊڶȴ֪¥λãŪ˶ߵϵұ㲻鷳
ȤԸȻ塣½һʱ챻һѣԵ
ţԸɵˣ¶Ц
̫ǸСëӣ½ˣίżܾ㳢ʲôζ
˵űƣ˿ƺ޷֮ˡ

Ծǵĳ·ڳ֨ѽѰϵȥ˼Զ
ű½ܹͷͻȻܵ
ȥ½Ѻϣ³й䣬ʲô£Ҫƹ֮˴˽
һǶ룬Ϊβ½ҪԸ˵ԾܾԼ֮ǰڶԺǶҲһͬ˴
½ܷŵĻ˵ҲͲˣԼߡ
ؿͬһʯУ꼱ٵ͵Ըͷӣǣһƥ
ӳֱϣսٶȣһֱ䵽½ܿĳᡣ
ͷһ½ܵĻƽԷֱ棬ֻԸ⡹ѡ֮Ĵʡ
ʲôײϡﻩµ
ȫѪҺʱӿ겻ܿƵسȥһѳ³


17 
֮ڣ½ĮһԸſţӰ½ܣһ
½ܿſڵˣһӦǽԸƿɫŽųֵ룬Ѹٰ¡
һߵðգֻй˲Ż¶ˡ
ֻһĥ䣬еŭϳᣬصߵһߣٰ½ܴקڸʲô
½ƽӣ̸֮£˺Ȼв죬̫Լȥûң²عġ
ڴ˽ᣬв죿Ƕһˣ˵ûһ۶Էɢҵ½󣬸գĴָӹ꣬һЦô׹㣿Ұζȼһ𣬶ôҵ½
½˫Ŀ
벻ͨΪθ귽Żֳ˶ǿռʱȴܶ˵˲Ļ
ȻУ·һжҪ飬ʲôҲ޷С
Ļž޲㲻˵ģֺαҡұͿţζҶֱǣұ⡣
һ˲ϵƻỬ䵽ݺס
סϸԼӲıӡԸԸһϸ룬ȷҪԸ֣ѡһб
ȻֻǴս½Ļᱻײƣɱ㣿Ҳӣֻᷣ㡭
˵ţѻԵԸ߳ᣬִӣ½˫һ˩ڳĹҹϡ
ȥʱ½̾˿ãƺںЩʲô
˯˯ʱҹ˽⿪½ϵ³һֱϵһη
ȴûסηһСӡ
ӵдţ
ó˴ԭªʱúʰһҲɾϻȼŵĻ裬ȫ޶պ䡣
½̶ܱһʯϡ
ȴʱͷžıӣǴҹˡ
ܿ층߽ЦЦʯϵˣǰѰڣһϵϡ
ָڲİ̺ϣĻϷʣۼһ£ȥô
˵ղȶԷشȡ̺ӣһס½ܵһСȣֻ¶ϰ̺۵һ顣
ЩֽнһŹߺеС⿪Լϵƴ۽Ըһģһġ
СӦһӺͳһ롣ţ½ܸе˰̴һʹ
̣޲۵ùǺҪ裬ϴ˿ˣָժ
ǲģǰٰܶ㰮ֻҹ˾˽ܴŻϣΪ΢ū͡
ʹ󣬸ֽ⿪ϵӣָӹǰ̺۴
½ܲͷȥԼϵ˰̱˼ʡ
˶רõơ
Ҳûáϴ˶ӡ
Ȼȥ½ܣҵˡ
ʹˣߵĻûڽըıУԽԽ졣
ҹѹˡ
½û뵽ʲ˼ȹһ꣬ճ

ЪһҹƵƤѲʹֵط˿˿
½ĳѳƵİ̺۰֣ƺҪһǣ˵˵Ĺ
պɾǳĶݸפ
˾ջݺ󣬴ʱͶݰ칫⻹½ѡġʵٽݸΪ½ѡݲǵĹԱܣΪ˾ĵΧͨݼһա
˼ΣҲδ˴ո֮صĺ
ʱҹ½Ȼûб˯£ֱͷѽУΨһˡ
ʣǿάߵſڣͷźˣ̫ӵȥ˺δ
Էϻ˾Ա
˵ʲôأһ곤ЩʹӴЦشյ½ǰ½ӣæţĪҪȥˡȵæˣȻЪЪ԰䣿
½ܵһ㱡˪û뵽º󣬸Ļ涼ϯ
Ҫһˣǲعҡ½ܻȡһתͷǶΪѵɫ˷Ըǿңˣ͸ɡ
½ȥݳеС˴֮ҲûչҵεĶ˽ˣٸֻڱءϴ˴䲻ֹһٺЧɹֻ֮˶ԹٸҲе
ٱ߰մεԺл֮ȥݹٸ˼ˣĪμѲܿƣǴ˵ǡ
ڳ߷˼Уȴ˵Ŀǰпɡʵһʱϰ˵Ȼ޷ݹΣβдٸҲ᷵ǣμ۲δε˲࣬ȥٸҪˡ
½ü˵ǲͨˣ
ôԱɨһŮӽгҲ֪ٲͨȥݵ·Ҽ޶Ҫˣ
½󱳵ǸĺӣӸղͲסؿԣɫ׵ˡ
ʳҼԼԵģ˱ȥöӻΣݵɻﾹɳֻȥ˵ȴǱߡ
Ŀԭ㹻˭֪⺢ͻȻ˿ȼжǮ򰡡
Ϊβ򶫼ҽЩǮ½ʡ
ϰ⻰λ徻Ǿģǵļࡣȥݵ·ˣҶиҵѴֻ˼ΣģԼҳԿʲˡһ˵Ŀȼ·ͨˣȻҲûˡ
½˼
ô飬ν࣬ĴβȥġҪˮԺҲô
ǰȼĺӣϰ˵ûݣ¿ȵ˵һѵ֮ô
ݵ·ɵĶ˶˼ңֻ򲻻㲻ع
ӾҵĿ½ϣһԲתȥ
صãеҽԼǮ;˾λԱ棬жİ顣
Ȼصڵˡ
µǰ½ֱӺ֮ǰìܣ¶ݱŵԭο
ĿϴƬ̣Ťͷԭδռƻڳкͱ߾תһתȷ̬㡣ݲ޶ңؼһʱ
˵ţ쿪һֱֻۣ½ãһ
½ûж̧ӣ£ǰ뵱˽档
ȥ붼û룬ɴ
Ǯ˵˴黹ʱ֣ͬйءݹԱ볼죬֮ǿҲѡ
ݶʹ˴˺ˣȥǵȻ֮ʲôô̬δ˽ôͷǵȥΪͷŤȥ˴ҳűӣ㲻͵תһȦðĻ⡣
½ĵģǰвŻɬԭҵģȻǵµˡ
ҡˣǡ۸ˣһˣǲ˸ˣ㲻飬ǾͰȥȥġ
½ߵߣ£סͷһֻ֣ػһꡣ
һףƭҡ˵ȥǲҲĻ곹ױȥͷеô̫ӵ¡
½һ㶡յʱֻ̣ڸǰȻеùϵˣá̫ӵ¡Ĵʷ֡Ǹ½ֱ֡
֮󣬵˽ദ½ܶƺǺӸоԼںǸˣݺ޸ϵ
ڡ
ǰ˱˯£½ܼŵ̾Ϩ˷ĵƣغŴ
ʶĻʱӦȥ˯齰ɡ½Իصſ˫˴ϣ͸ͬһӣ󱳣ֱۻ䡣
һû˵ʲôš
ƣ½ܸظо˺ʱ˯šҹʱ֣ƽ֮ǰҹһʶĻ䡣
ʱˡ½ֱܷۣ˸ԶԼȻŵ齡
ǰڴߣǸ˯ıӰ˼Ī档
½ܷ˼ԼҪȥݵ£̬ȼûٶȰûпһĻΪΣ
㸵ˣֽгˣֻϵ֣׺Ϊ١
ѡԼȥ
㲻𣬴˾Ҳֻܸһ˴Σգʧܣ಻𺦶˾档
֪֮Ӧֹɡ
л˵
˾Ͳɶ£Ц
Ȱ뿪ˣ񵥲Ҫˡӽոᣬϼһ¡


18 
½ſڵһյƣװδޣֻһ㡣Ƭ֮뿪ңŵʹʣǵҪ
½ƽ͵·ԸҳŰ¡ſڣһзԸ
ʹæӦ¡
һȴзԸֻƹϨƿ￴ֻܼ̫ӵ²֪ʱѾ˯ˡŰ¡½ӣҲ
½뿪Ľȥ·ѲҹչĶСҪȥî
ڶЩ꣬½ʶﲻˣȻһԳĻ
һ˵öԣȥգ䲻ʲôײһʮ
½ǰкȻʵλտпУҷݰ£ҴС
ͷпյпգúͷ˵һ
½΢΢ͷȥɡϷˣͱҵͷǮ߳
Ǯ֣ȥˡ
ڶ⣬½ڳ˱ԸЩȥݣȥݰɡ
ȻȥĶһ
ʱҹɫݳǴŽգһˣֻгǽݵ
½ȡһƽȻᣬǶģ£͵ؽ˦ϳǽһ˯
һĪƽȥͨ
½մݹٸɿзģ˾Աݽ棬ƾĶơԷȻϵá
ܿ죬С˵䣬֪ͨ½һǣгӡ
½ܵȻһ˿ϳɡ
һߵſڣҪ类һѰ
ݳǵľ½ԭϤٿɣ֮СȾʱý˲٣ǵĿҲߣҶⶼټ
ĽأԼ뿪£ԭϵݳΪγ⸱ģ
һң޿ܡ
ͣڳеĸſڣ½Яһͬá
ͷֻ޴׳һԱƺȵˣԼĹñĥͷաһλŮʱٵɫ
½ܵݼһ֪ݣͷ񶼲Сʱͬգӣ޴׳һҾ
֮˻ˣƳһۣ㲻Ѿūô˱ٻߵݣ
½ܵūҲǴ˴ū澣ˡ
޴׳˿ڲӬֱܻ⣺½ܣǸǮ;ǮƲ˵ȻĸŮϣȺ鼤ߣȴ˰ӣɼ˴ûƴˣ
Ǯ;ֽŲɾ½һֱ֪Ҳá˰µʱõò࣬½ܲ
û뵽غݵ
½ܳǰ֪顣ȵ֪ݸ֪½ܶȥ飬ǮΪȻմ˴ɷãϢ
½ĳ֪Ҳ֪̫ӵݣ¾Ӽ֮λԿɴ˴ݵʹ֮գ֪ݴ򿪳š
˴֮¿ɴӳ飬ǰƲϦ
һᵭ޴׳δڵĿ´ʶ˻ȥһʱҲⷢӵɣµûˣ͵һӣҧгݵô˵Ҿǲôţ˴ǿô
½ܳĬˡԸˣ
\ƫ֪ŵİ취\޴׳뿪λǽǷһ۱֪ƷĻͷһխš
һ۸Ǿͺ⡣
½Ჽȥͬʱתͷףÿͱ˸ָ
խͨһ䰵ң½ںͷʱ촫
վһȦٱȻǿͬȴͬиҵġЩƣ½ȴֻᷢЦ
ֻһӣ޴׳ԹȥŸ첲ȣĿӵζ½ܣҢʲôϵ
˿ţ½ü
ش޴׳ֵҢ÷ԴǽɣٸҲЩϵ˸ңǾ㡪һΪ˴£ߣ㽫ҢýݹٸϽ˵վԸ򿪳ˡ˵ǲǣ
½΢죬δ뵽޴׳֣Ϊ˻Ңõʲô˻ԼҢõĹϵ
һ֪ݣҪ鲼ȫĽʲô
˴á
½⵭һһȴ͸ɭȻҲˣҢʿԷҺּ磽ѣ֪ݼ޴⣬αضһ٣
һ·ݳǾˣɼ޷ִⲻϿţЩʱ**㿪ŵľݰաң֪˴Ŷ룿̸ɣԲѡ
˵ţ͵ؿ˼¡
޴׳غһҲЩ˶ˣгҢãͱųȥˣ£
ŸʽĹٱְ˽׽½ܣ⻽λ
ڡءôˣ߶µĻȴû˽
ⷴӦ½ܱ˲²⣬һ
˵ڶΣҲ
ô᲻Σ
ԥĻ½ƺʲô
ֻҪΣǲġ
һ˾ǵ˭
½ֻ˼ֻûԼ֮Σʼȡ
ϵЩٱԼϰ䡣ˣԵ˽˵ѨǵƷԶˡ
Էڶ࣬ЩҪʱ䣬ȷܷ񶥵סΧ
ʱ븴վϣãƴһͻΧ
ľȴȫԼ˿ơ
ȷΣգʱ񣬻Ңȡ뿴ŰֻҪ伫
һԸܸıʲô
Ңô˱ȫԼ⣬˭ֻʲôôأ
صľ£½ĵһϨĻǣִʡ
л˵
´θʱ10


19 
½ܱ޴׳˼ܽ˹ٸµηʼδźϱ㳹Ż˼ΰȴڡ
Ҳûʲôĥ˵ֶΣѶı¹ϣֻøٱҳ飬½ܴǰպˮƤ޻Զ
ʹ˵ʵʲôÿĿɫ䣬ֳһ˿ڣһԣԷҢõҪ
ĳ޴׳ʱ½ϳļУһװġ޴׳ʰʱ䵽½ʣ𣿡
½üͷ΢ģŽʲôԸ
Էȣλ˵½ˣǣ跨ȡ
½ֱܵݴһ£˱ۣ为ˣ޹ȥɡ
Σ㲻ʩԮ֡
żȻҵ˵ǰֻʾ֣֣ǶĹܼңʲô˵Ļ
ٱ޳ǰĿ͸
ĥգ޴׳޽չҲٶ֣Ͷ½ܴ
ʱ½ɢηУͷ˿ڡûҩòպˮá
ܲжۣôˣܸе״ڶ񻯡ȥˡԼСݵȴӡ
Ǳ߲ϾֻҢáܱգ޷Ϣ
㻹治´򡣡޴׳ٲҢãֻý㿪ƶǧˡ
½ܴĿ˼Ƭ̣˾䣺㲢֪ʲôǧҲá
ʲô޴׳Ȼ˳ŸȥΪĲǾӵݰҲ
½׼ʱϣɪ̬ûкˣƽʱˣֿһ²ѡ
޴׳ע⵽ķӦҲ䰡ô䣿䵹Ǻð졭
οռСвˮΣݳǸ˹õģֻгںͨˮ
գ䡹˱㱻ȥ˺
θĹٱڶ࣬½ܲǳŻӵļ϶ʳָڴߣһŵ
ҢȻվзźš
ܿ죬½ܱ㱻ˮУ֧̾ߵܣδκηԼڼϡ
ˮûǰͨηδϵ˿ڣ߳ʹ
޴׳һվǰֻжüĻ˵½ܣһΣϲϽҢã
½ɨһۣǳĿ⣬ˮ˲ǽȴ޴׳ûһ¡
ݳеİƺõ֪ͨںΧһƬߵΡ޴׳ߵǰһţָˮ֮˺޺޵ǿϵôˡ
½ܾʱо߷ãԲٰϵʱû˸ҿֻͷ޴׳״
ʲôΪȴΪ˴£̰ɿìɶҡƶǶ
Ϊ񼫣ݣٽǿԾ鷢й
û
ٱ˳ſ˵̯ӣż߲ǰٱӳšͽȥɡˮ֮ȥ
ͬʱ༸˷׷װγ˵þһڰա
֪ݵ˼ѣֻλεĵ̵ȡ߲ˡ
½ܿʽĲ˳ԼȷЩ衣
ֱע⵽Щ߲вֵȷǳģȴһ㣬ֻ򣬻Բ㣬ڸˮС
̧ۣòȺ΢䡣
½ܺȻܸж
ЩͣΪ˱ɶͷܶѲǵˡ
Чļǵ̫Ӳǵ˶ݵݹٲǵ
ֻǰЩ֪յˣʲôΪοθ˰ݰҪ
֪Ϊ˭Ǽǵ
ˮ䣬˿ʹ½ͷȴһᣬů֫ٺ
޴׳вĻδţüԽ겻ı˪۲ȴˮ⡣
üһĻܶίҲ޹ؽҪˡ
ʹֱˮлʱЦŵġ

ȺУԭֻǴСֻ֪֪Ҫ½ܣʲôΣա
Կ½ܻʱǶȼˡ
޴׳ƺ½ܵȥˣɿն֡½ܵ˽⣬ֳװΡ
ԣͲòˡЩٱȻ٣ȴûһõģҪܵˣˮ֮˾²ѡ
ѵǣ֮ô죿
Ӳ̫ãһֻ÷Ըһҵ̻ȥݱţ
˵Ͱγ嵶δȴȿ߲֪ʱװ֮ˣһͿʼܵĹٱ
ЩõıͬΪǸ㣬ʮ־׼һ**˹⣬ר̣ټϵѨƵΡ
ŵ˼ٱŵͬ飺òôˣȥ
Ƕ˱ˮУȥס½ܵӡ
ʪ͸˱ڰϣɫ׵ÿ£Ķ˽˼Χ۵İҲ׷״չͼøֳƺ
һԿţԼˡ
޴׳״غҢðɣ½ѾԺǹݹٸϽҺ
Ϊ֮ƺܷһǹϡ޴׳סѪ۾̱ڵأѽѽҽš
ǱæΣ½˯ðʿǵıѿһͬ½ܣհյָҽȥ

ݳѽæ˼գҪ˽ⱾصݽľҪѯøеͰơ
֣˵½ǰݰ£ֻǴǰ˾жĻţȥˡ
Щ̽˵˽ݣҲûδġֱ֮鶨ǰݽ棬ŵøϢļ϶
ҹڿյ˫˴Ϲȥ֣ʰϵ飬Ȼһ̱½û˵ȥʲôô춼
Ҳ֪Լ˾ϻŤſڴϣñסͷûаţȥݽˡ
Ӳ½ܻߡ޷Ƣȥˡ
½ô
Ȼһʹſڣ£ǵĻݻ˵˵½ȥݡΣա
ϵԴڱ￴飬ֻܿ͵һ
֣̽Ҫūȥһ١
ݺƿӣɫÿ¡
ȥݡ
л˵
ðQAQ


20 
һҽݣΪǸҢʿкģðոԻȥԼҽſڣֹٸ
ݣǼȴʱε
İڰֹһѣΪʲôǱߵǲʡ
űŽҽݣ½ܱϣʰţ԰ġ
ʣϵı޺ۣǰܹʲôˣ
ͷû˵һǺ½ӡҲ͵ʱҪ˵ˡڰɡ
ĵµˣۣҲһˮͻԣ϶бġ˵ûиҩ
ôָָ½ϵ˴ʮͱ븴ˡ꡹£ȷˡ
¶ʱĬ
һĪЩı飬ʵʲôǡ꡹
ܿ죬δ߳ɫһأ˺壬ˡ۶ֻʵڳأҲ֪ΰγ
ĵͷعֻʩιҩɡ
ǲ֮󻹻̲ᷢסʣȴֻõһۡ
ҽһһҹڼݹٸΣҢô˳ȥЩ˵֣Լһ򲻹ʹ˴оȳ½ܵ뷨ֻ͵ǽ̸
峿Ǳһѵġ
ţȵŴ죬ͷΧżĻ̫ӵҢö
Ҳųţ˫վһԣһ˿˼ֻùȥͣ£Լˡ
ԼˣǹЦȻ̧߻ι̲ȣ鸡Ƚϴ򣡡
δӦϥϱ㰤һţʱ·һҹûм̵ܵڵء
ǰ̧̧֮ͣ°ͣǸꣿ
Ǻˣ½ںδҪƲ
⸱ģһһؿڣûվȵ߻صϡ
ǰһ˵ҪйޣȴҡҡͷĽȥˣһֱѯ
Žҹż½ܡ֪ݵľֻȥԼϱȥʱ⹳¡
ҹ⹳ĸ̫ӵ½ܶȥݣ令Ȼʲô£ĥ
ȥҲΪ˱Ϊ˿ŵˡ
һ򣬲Щʣ⹳ô˵ˡ
½ܱ֪ץߺΪβϱ˵ԼҲˣ
겢δλľګ龭ҹȥˡ
˼ֳϸڣ˵ǰͷҢõıˣҲݾڣ
ԷͷԸ䡣
ĻصҽУԭȰ˯½˱飬ʱüʱֵ˰ʱڵȵۡ
ػһдȡ¯µҩݵߡ
½ܻ˯̫ã˶Ժģ˳ҩɳƵʣ
ݵҽݣһ̽ȻˣûʲôˡݳŲȥɡ
Ӧ£ȥȰͻǵ˶ͷúϢˡ
һ¡½ͷӣҽݵȴգͷ˭
һǸѧҪĶ㺦Ȼ˼㡣
ôʱɢ񽥽۽Ҳܻҵøߡ
ˣӣǵδҶ֪վȻҪȥҲ䣿
һץס½ܵ󣬡費İɣ
½ֱεң˴˲ˡһҲ֪飬Ȩ֮Բߡãڴ˷㡣ݵ£߽·ӽ̫ࡣ
ͬǺӣֻʦ֮ˡ
ӡˣǻ֮أûչ㡭ǵǡ
½ܴ۽ޣüͷ΢Ǵ˷֮ǰȷŵ˵겻޴׳ԼʱķӦ㲻ȷˡ
һ̾бѩڣֻʣӷӿǵڶʮ꣬ûʱˡڶ˭ĵ£ҶԲ޷ֱң㵽ʱҵҵʬһ㹻
˵⻰һƣӿϣ½ɻȥ˺ˮ⣬ٴ˯
¡
ãʱͷЩš
СӵļƲߣԼ߿ý˯֮˴ߡ
˯ŵ½ܣ¾׵üԾɲȾ˳ֻɫԷףĳ䵭Ȼ
½˺󼺻һӣѡˡ
˱ۣŶ
һ򸾡һŮӺͯһӣ˶סһԱˣ뺣Ĵִ
ٲ뿪ݡ½ܣ㸸ĸһɣǹԱ
зݵˣһ˼Ңãļһֱݡ
ĳ㵲ǰʣʺʿ꡹ʲô
˶٣»Ңֻβ
Ŀ⽥䣬ã޶˵һ䣺ˣǷģٻɡ
תִļ֮䡣
겻˼ûʵ𰸣ȴҲٵ顣һҲڴ˴Ңע⣬ҽݡϻԵʱһ͡
мûˣ˯ʱ忡òֻǴʱͷ룬ϵıҲӣȴס¶İ̺ۡ
ȭͷ߬ţѹһǰ˴һڻ뿪ʱ˳˴ͷŵҩ
ʱҳһţ޴׳ˣͷ˹£ѹȥһ죬ò˾꿴̷ݡ
½һ壬ʱʱŪҲ˯˯һгҡѹ
ʱеѹúأȴůͣüۺġۣһŴӸ
ˣƺΣȥµȡҩһҩιߡ
ˮµġﲢ¯ӣ¡ϻҽıӣ˼񣬸һֻ첲档
½һ˲Ļ㱣·ǸԸ²Ҫһ㡣
ȻϾ˼Щ£Ÿֺҩ˳ץסԷ󣬡ˣ
ԼǺǱģΪӸпϧҲغƽؽһ״
޴׳½˵ĻˣҲѸ֪ꡣȻصݣ˶֪޴׳ϲ⡣
½ü˼Ƭ̣ںٴηϣǿţ϶˾ݹٸͶ䶨Ȱɵ¡ݡʱƣʹɱ޴׳ƸԹˣ١
˵ô໰½ܲססؿҲ֪ûֻܽڻź󱳡
ҳҴǰ˾µİǸ̸ո֮¡޴׳£ǲûۣһ̸ɣٴӳ顣
Ҫ򡭡ݰաһ֮䡭
½ܸеԼľʧȫϣĶͷȫǺˮҵϡ꣬Ӧҵġ
þ岻ܿƵصȥ׻ǰŽ֡
ݹٸҹڹԱ˵šûҽΪ½ֱܿӽ˯˱ȥ˵صҽݡ
Ǵʱҽһü˵ȻǸʣ˵꡹
һ㶣漴ǻȻı飬˵λˡ꡹ǾͶˣҴǰҲ󡪡ⶾˣ
ʮꡣ
󺧵ⶾͳͶʮ꣡ʱһͶֲĺ֢أԭʱ޶ˡ
оһ󣬺תͷն彩ֱǸɵġ
ֻģֽųأѾάֲԵȥ
Ŵƭӣ̫¸ܵĽ͡
˵Ļ½ı֣Щ֢״
ǿ촽ʣǣɻа취
ɡ˵ûΣҲˡβдۣ֮˶ǲԸġ
껺齱ߣ½֣ܵʮָ͵͵ûмˡ˵֮ˡǿһɣ˵Ұɡ
ʲôˣɵ
ʲôˣ
գգۣ촽Ϻϣλش⡣
ֱʧȥҪˣòױԼһ䣺
δķô
л˵
½ܣ˻飡


21 
Ҳ֪ԼΪλôش
˵½ܵķҲ˵ùȥϾ½ڶ̷ҡ
˵⻰ʱĲǶǰ࣬ʮ꣬ǽСϡ
˵ҪȢ½̫
½˵ð
ֻǵ䡣ڵʱĻ˵ʲôģԷʵ˼ʲôͨͨס
½Ӧġ
ջ˻ɵı飬ʼ䵹񣬡ǶףδɻҲˡ
ǰЩˣǵļҲѰⷨȴδлģȻҲ׼ʱȥǵڶʮ꣬ǿҪץˡ
һݹžɵһҳչʾ꣬ǹ־飬мҳ涾ϸֻһҳˡ꡹
ҳϻһֵԴ䣬񷶥ԲΡ߽ϱעżֶ֣һǡ꡹
һ˭ûǰǵ˴ѰãҲ֪ɷҵ֮û
Щȷˡҡײƭļһ˵Ѱ˽ҩͻ˶ˣҪʲôҩ
ĸļ򣬡⼣ʱջδһѡʱ˭Ҳ˵ã㻹Ǿɡ
øһ겻ᣬϡͿգײܼǷȥ峿Сĵ׻ˣ㻻׽˸á
˵ɫҲÿ˳ţ꿴Уѹµӿúݺݰˤϡ
Ϲһֻ۵޴׳ȥ֪ݣڲҾδȴ˷šŵͣи½ܽǡ
ͷҲһⷴӦ׷׵
ҳҪ½ʲôãΪ
½ǵˣҪ󣬸ƣ
Ҫҿ⼸˶ղݣҳɴȥǾ޵ֿ֮
һõһƬͬ
ֻиü½ܻȥ֮ǰ˵ĻңʱóȻǣֻаա
һ곤ݹԱ³ھιȻĻơɵ˱߾Σ֮أȻһ㷨Ϊ˴£ٹǰ
Ҳ뷨ܾòΥ½ܵҪ
ǰΣ̫øߵ۽Ĵ󡣶ͳôѵʱ䣬½ֻ˵һ£Щʧ̬ҲԴ
˿ԥȴ֪䱳ɡֻ⹳ڣ̽õϢݰնѡ˴ܣʣµЩҲõƴ
˶٣ζȻڣԼ͡ЩˣǲҪ̫˰ɡ
֮⣬ԼԲ½ܵӰ졣
ǰϢ
½ܸʱв֪޴׳ôص֪֮λ˻Ƶûк̸ĳ⡣
֪ݰմѾߣ㲻Ҳʲôˡ
Ŀ𽥼ᶨɨһȦָˣݹٸٱرȥݽ˾ݳǷΡ
պ󣬳ݡ
ոʳ޾ϸҪԴӱˣ޾飬ȴ½ѧʵսı£ȫͶ룬ʶ´ɡ
ţźһУԼŻ˯ˡ
ʱϲ½ģòβȴûüĿǹڲ
ȵҩȥҧһֵ꣬Щ˵ոݣ㲻ϣ˵ҽƣҲϡ㿴ˣ˸Ǻ̸ֻӴ˴ıȡ棬ˡ
˵鴦̽У첻壺Ӯˡ½Ըķ䣬Թҵ˰ɡ
Ŭ꡹ƳԺǸǱɲදˡ
˶˴ȫм֮ܣգ˴㹥ݣһ±ɱ޴׳һ߹
ȥݣ˴˱ݰҲ֮Լ
˾ȥݣִġضݳϤطĹԱǰȥ֧Ԯ
Լȴ˵γһ˵ľҪ;Ǳ߽ƺлؾ
˶ǽڡĪ˵Ǽ̫ӣгȨҲ˾˾ζԴݱʲôҲǣʵҲΪһһ¾鷳
οǶһոݵĹ;ͳͷϡʱʵڲ㡣
һʱ䣬˶ڲ²̫ӵ¾ھкҪ¡Ӷһôسˡ
ʮֿȴ˺ôһ̿ڴ߶ݴ飬½ܷԱߡɳĵƵñ©磬˯еʱʱҪ
ÿ½һȣľĪһȥˣԽ˱ԼߣԼűӣٽ´
͸ȥļˡӵзϻĿճڻ˵ϡ
ǳꤣôճյš˾һξԶļ佻ڡ
긵ʮ꣬½ֻܻǶһ̡ΪǸˣС꾡ʱ̲ס࿴ۣȴʼն
½ܶʮ־ģǸ׽񣬹ʶδȥ
ֱĳ죬Ҫĸһסһ
˵ӳŻ֪ΪΣʮ걻Ϊ̫ʱס˶˴ãĸҲܹδ롣
Ȼס˼գĳҹѣԼпһˡתһȦﾹҲտյ
͸󿪵ţ򶷵󣬵˱ȼȻſڡ
ڹײײ˺ѷεغĸףƽչԼˣһӦ
룬ҲǱ˭ץȥ˰ɡȻôýһ£Ҳ֪ĸǻʺʹδ֣˭ץ
ҵһӣͷǸ䱦һţ飺Ҵ֮ȥӡ
֪ĸѡ
ӣŴᵹڽǰееһѡ
ȥʮ궼ã䲻Σգȴаȫ֮ڵػţصǡ
ʲôΪεͻȻһȥ
֪ӦʰʹȫˣܻضȶѰӻƽסһ㣬Ų
ʲô֧ʻĶɫ
ۿɬᣬرۡأ̳ϣʶģ
粻ʱԶĽŲڻ
ۣĿԵһ˲δϳԷֻע⵽˫۾ʢ˵ᣬ÷·Ҫ
ճţһ˲Ȼݶ˼ˣĵ׹һǿҵĳ嶯ȥЩʲô
ʲôʱ̫
ϳǶ½ܣһ˲һ˲֮ˡ
Ͼһ̣Ƕڴ˵䵭Į֪Ϊαޡ
½ܹǰڳһĵӣƽȴٵ²ٴˣͷȻ
֪˵ԼߡɴʱöȫβŶԡ
Ȼʹأû˵ǰ㣬ôֱֱſ˶Է
߰ɡ
ԷҲһ㶣ȻСĵر½ڴסֱȴǡã
뿪ʹ걻һ½ܽźñһԣȴӲҪ˼һ
½Ҳûܾϸ鿴ƣ˵ֻϢϸιˮ
Ҳꤳ֣Ҳӵֻǻ˯˺չ˵˻ˡ
ʱС֮ʵǣĸΪвŶҵģô
½һ㶣βش
Ǹһ·ŵڹ£ſ½ϳԷⳡҵʼĩʱ̣дڲ࣬ϡͿҲôȥˡ
ĿĵҹجΣȻòãȥ½ܵķ䡣
ͣſڣĶԻ
½ѹͻϸΪңҲܹǰЩⶼպã⺢Ӵ˷˴֪ǷԸȥȥˣҲԸ̫ӡҲǿ
һǲˣȴȫ¶ǡӦȥΪӰ̫ôˣͰæˣ
½ܻᶨҵѧкĿģҲ̿ǸӡҵȻ˵

Щ£пǧ
Լ½ܶĺöǼٵġٵΣ㶼ǻþҲ֧ߵô
½ܾȹԣҲҪ
ǰ˵üۣ߶½ѡǰô£ˡٸҽһ顭
½ָܻʶʱľ⻰ãۣѵõΪһҪô᳦ٽ黰
ȴӺܿͷü㻹֪ѣΪٲء
½ܣҲûΰɣֻʣͰˣô˵˵һȥݣŪԼվ
ôƢ긩°ͣҵƤ½
½ܱ⻰ͷһ˲óġأ޴׳ʱķӦǰ
ʱ˻ԣ㸵ԸȥԴȻ̬ȡûʲôϡġ
ֻпһ˲ѹ½͵Ļ˵ķʽش𣺡ҲãǸԺ󲻻ˡ
Ҫֹס⣬̧ͷʣˣ
ƺ̬Ⱥ⣬Ը˽ݵĩ˻޹Ҳģ㵱ʱ֪޴׳˹֣Ҳ֪ݰջȥݡôҲΪ˱߾ľƣ£ͦõô
Щ½ܵԽԽѿںⷭӿٿʱ촽ͻڷռݣһΣȥݣװ𣿼²ңպݻղգ
̫ӵ£̫Բҵңҡ
½ɫ԰ףڴϢ΢ȥ
˱΢ֺٰãҰһж㣬ֻ뻻ȡЩ
ͲܶҵĻһЩ
ڵվ̧߻Ҳ֪ȥݻֻ֪ٲݾͻ᳹ȥһ־䶼ݣֻݣʹһ䣿
½ܣԼݣƾʲôң
ţ½ܱ㱻ԵذǽϣȵĺգԷ˷һԼҪ˽ˡ
ͬʱһֻ̺۵λáƲ͹оԷ·ֻΪȷĴڡ
֮ԭδʱֱôڣ½ʶģԼҲѣƣ˯ȥ
һǶѻ𵽵ԷȾ˲Ҳࡣ
Ժ󳷣ŷǰʧȥʶ
Ī޴йһȭݺǽϡƬ֮غһ˯ȦڻһѣţҽϵĶ㻹ôҡ
ڻʹֻҪصǣ½ܵĲܿͻˡ
л˵
µףӪҺ𣿣ʾ


22 
½ܸоԼ˯˺ܾãмҲмΰѡ㹻ᶨԼʱӱƬ̡
ŬáϣյĽҲԣķʮѪ̳ΨһһѧΪӡ
ʱֶݶȻ£òɱˡ
ȫֺľκ˽УΪ᲻á
ֻǣ˴λǴڶġ
Щҡˡ
ղòʱԼľµĴ齾Ǹƽ߳˯ġ
˾֮⣬޲ʡͨɢ˲٣˺Ա˿̬ҪȴſʹӵĶԻ
ǾȻǴģݲǲŴ꣬ôˣ
ǰ˵ǧﱦĳء˼ңõǧõŹģľȻ˾Ǯɣ˵̰ܻߡֳˣ
˾ǲǵµˣǮ̰ˣ
²ȥ˾죬ءȫǽ֪̲ȥˣļٵĶܲˡ˲Ÿշų湻ùġ
˸пһת˻⡣½ܿչüͷװģʹǸæ˲赹ˮ¯µҩ
Ǳæߵ빬ˣúЪţ³ѹ¶Ȼϲ
½ܲѯ̸֮£ֻ˼ݵĽҩ㽫Ǹϳȥš
ʳָڴߣϴͷŵ£ʣһ顣
̲סȣѪɫʳ˰ס
˿Уһ۱֪µɡ߾Ʊ᧿ΣһͣǮ;ѣȻҲᲨݡһʯˮͷηչǧֿܡ
ߣ½ܿڴͷĿͷ
ѩѳ꣬ˡ
ϵġ꡹µģöʮ꣬ͻ㹻ܶ¡
޷ñ߾չϰֵӣպܳɴµˡһ֮ˣҲ㲻ˡ
˯Щʱгûѡѭ򿪴ӣ߾ҢõĹ
ҢڸضפأǾݵܹܾǹƽﴫϢʹð½ܴǰյŴ֡
ͷ¸ӣ˵塣ҲԸԺ¾˵ﰲȫ𣿡
½̾һַ˴ӣһڶаȫ֮ءȥ㲻Ҫ
һ٣תͷ˲޹ڣŵͣЩ˵
⻰岻⣬㣬Ҳܶ꣬ȴδϰߣǱСһԽݲ鵽¡
ǱĹؼҺһˣȴͻȻޣȻǮͷϣҶôã˻ԶǸ״ֵǽ֪˹Ϊ֮ɣ
½ܽƴһ𣬳ǳŶ
ǡôġǷʣȴдܡ֡
½кȴԽԽأĿΣڵĻ̫ӲҵĻҲΪ
ܼģֻбסǮɰˡ
ô㶵ʱ̲ʱԹǵطٲ
½΢΢ҡͷȱ֡дţעںδͶʱа취
һʱǴ뿪һɱ̫ӣȥηٻ°ɣ
½¶ЩЦ⣬֪Ǿ⻰̫滹̫á
̧ϹߣԾ䣬ȴȥǣٹ°ɡʱȥݵǣһˣ¶׵֮ǷҪ򿴵ʱơ
⻰Բۣǡǡ꡹ʱˣ
½ܲٿڣȥ˴
ڹߺз˺ܾãã
ʱڹСǰЩһֱûʵʱ빬Ҳͣ½֪Բȥһˡ
ƽʱСͨȥոÿѮһεĴ󳯣ȥװװӣ˳ĳһˡ
ܲЩ߳ĸ蹦̵£ܻǰߣ˼ֲ֡Ľڣ;뿪ȥ԰
ǽһԴɫźͬ񷶥ΧӳԶ߽֪ߴſڹһδԭľΪң顸֡
·˴룬ҪȴſڴŶñġӡ¡Ȼ֪ݣҪٰĥֲ·

뿪ʱǰͷȻɢ⣬·ȴǸù硣
׾ǰĹؾ˸񣬡ȵɳճڶͨڡ
ȱգǶһϪɹԡǰӵʱз
񲿽յϪܿÿΪϪԴͷٽһԺߺ񲿹ԱЪš
Щж꽻ȥ죬ͨʡʱҲֻԻ˽ӦкҪԸ˱ǡһ񣬲˽¡
ڼϵѸδС޴˴㡣
¶ŨŨЦ⣬ͷת뿪
ֻѴһʣ˶ſڼ֣֣̲ˣΪ¡
Լɫһڣ֣һ䣺½ˣڷЪţһаá
̹
Ųˡ
̲ΨѵȺʱ̫ӵͨǰͲƵĽ˴˰顣
״˾Ǯ;̲Ǯ;ʹֱӽͶ
ǽԭ氲ݣʵ˿ܣթղ֪ԣ޲ȫǰն֪˴£ѯʣΨʶ̬أϡ
Ҫϸ֮İ飬ֹ̧סЦŷԸ͵֪Щϸһ飬飬̲Чʣϼ²⡣
ϼ¡Ψüͷ壬ƺڽʾ֭ǱɼСȥݣԱһһ󣬶ܲˮʯ
˵飬һԴٿˣֲʲô겻ͷذڰ֡
ظϵ飬Ȼ첻ˣȴʮɣװ´Ȥ˼
½˰
ţΡǮ;ǷҪ鲻ˡҲ֪Ҫݾƣ˱ʧְ˭кôҲ
ץδãҪƱ仯ͷƽ֮³µףȴˣȥֻҪҰȣôжңõķӾšô
ԷڵͷЦŲһ䣺Ǯ;½ܵˣҸӣܹηЩƦӣͱȡˡ
Ψ㶣ðŷӦͷĹϵӦ¡
ԴµĴг񣬺ܿλϴˣ֣ȥ˲ڸǣңص޵
½ǰЩջ˯Ѳһζε˯šĳʱԱߣרעض
Ҳҡ½ǳЦ˯⡣Ȼ˳˿ʲô϶
굱Ȼ˵˯Ų볳㡹Ļֻ½ܶ䲻䣬ιҩԸͱµ롣
Ҩһ͵½ܴߣЦʱü䣬ºͣ˵˯̫ãθûѣֻܳʳöƽճԵ嵭ֻǵʱùţѡϲİɣ
½ţţѵ߰ǰˣҢúͨϢʱ˳ģֻӣ֪Щζصġ˼ҵ⣬ǿһ
ø꿴Ϊ棬ֻǡôˣʲô
Ÿһڿζ̱ǣȴغʵĸܣд㡣
꿴꣬һУָĻһȦ̿ҴҴ½ܵıǣȻһЦһе£½Լ˯ɡ˵žҪߡ
ʲôҲ˵½ûףԺʣҡ˯ô
㣬겻ͷֻҪ⼸ټ乬˯Ķԡ
ǷܻģӰʧˡ
½ܴף޷ڸ΢üͷ
룬궨ѵ֪Ǯ;£ǰᣬǲˡ
ԭҲûаĵ
ֻȷϣ֣Լվ᲻һѡ
һѣֻһ͹ˡιܲЩİɣ
ϵ̫áȽڼѡհɡ
л˵
½̫˯
Ҫ꣺www


23 
½ȽкøСˮ֮磬ʼڿ֮С˥֮Ƕõϴ
죬ܻϪվһվˮϷΣ崺硣긵겻뿪ҲŸɣֻվٽϪĲԺ
ԺһƬҩԸ˳ȥժһЩԺȺʱ˴ǰ˾ס
½ܺ޲и񣬸ȴûԾִٵƹ
֪棬̬Щ졣࿴˼ۣ˾ȻԺ붫Χ
ʹһҩԺ½ܵͷлһ鲼СĽڻʮӵӡ
صԺʱȴվڽſڣ˵ʲô½ͣƬ̣˵һ߿һֻʱʱ
ǼǶη
½ֱΪȥ
ԭصһʱ䣬ͣͣô߿ߵòԶʱȥſڵԺᶫȱ֣ǹȥæڴЪϢƬ̣ǿš
һ㶣š֣ܶ˽
֮ںĽ˵ﲢҪ½˵űѹͻȥˣʡ
˷Ը񶼰ӣ˵ûвȥĵ
ȥ½ܶԽ븽С԰ӣóеҩ԰ӵϼʰҶ·ĥɫżһηſڡ
ûȥʱ㹻һη
ף㵽ηſվţͷĶƬ֮ڱ㴫ֳִܿ˺Ⱥ
ԭֻƸҪʲôҪֳˡֻôηſڹҵһԿףѭȥ
һĻûվһηſڣͷ˵ĲӡԸԴϴ·󣬾һֱη
ԸͼУŪø׺ǱһҪһ߻Ҫס첻вšȥɡ
½ֽһöԿףȥڸĽϡ
һŪ첲û˭ӵֻñֱۿ
½ܣֹʲô£ʹ˸׺ݡ
½ѹüͷڶ²ߣҼȻײǰˣлҪʡ
ЦǼģݱ¶±Ҫء˵ҵǸøлɱ֮
ֻǣ֪̫٣ԶϵЩԲмڶ֣
һ⻰̼ˣԸ½ʣʲôˣ
ҡû͹ϵ£ȥ¥͵¡Ҷû˵
Ը˵գѴſĿͶ½ܡ
Ϣһ½˴˵ȴᣬֻĿ򸵽ףƽʣʲô
üߣʵģҲ㣬رˣҲ̣ˡ
½ɫţ޷Ӧƺ˶ԷűҧгݵĻ㲻ǿ̫Ӽ֮λ֪֪Ƕģǵɶҵģʲôܵǵ㶼ˡ
˴½ܵüĲ΢΢һ۵Щ
δȥʣŵķ죺ѽ£½ӣôѽ
ſڵԿףǿԻ鿴
½ܲ뽫ֳȥø֪Լͼ棬ôǲġǵͷȻ˴ȥعġ
ͬʱںͷԸ硣
½ѸͳԺԼ˰ŽСһŽ
׵ʲôѲġֻǵô˵˸Ķ
ʲô¥
µԸ˼Ѳͼı丵̬ȣϸȥֻ˸׵ļơ
ŽСҪ鲼˸Сڴװҩꡣͨϸ¹ģ˷ϼֱڡ
վͭǰɢ٣ͷ˿˳ָ̧ƽü壬ָ¶ůů۽⡣
ҲɫˣôһЩԳ롣
ʰϣδȥš
ʵЩһֱЪ̫޹겻ߣͲҪȥ飬æʲôÿζвһĽڣʱ½ܻû˯Ҳֻߺ¶ԣͷϣ
ȴû̫ãʱδ깤Ŷ룬һ߽⿪һ߳Ц½أ
Ļ½ʡ
Ƚ͵Ǽˣһ顣껪ˣһƤңȴ飬û˼
Իտи֣һҶľӡǰ˴Ƕҩ
άʿŮʣ֮ҩȽҵô
½޲ܿδꡣ
Աߣһֻ䣬һͷռ㲻㣬ͼȥηʲôˣ
½ܶһ͡
ԷˣЩη˵ġҲҪľ֪Ǿδˣֻʡ㲻˵Ҳ¸֪
½ʱ̼ǵԼյĿģԷĻ׽飬ڣԸǼģ¶ɱڡڲԺɻǡײ˼仰޷͵ʲôʲôûʲô˼
̧ƽӶԷóǰӻʹȳ⺢ʱ飬һ۲ҹȥʮ׮׮֪ʲôҶ޾ϸ㡣ѵգһδ֤Լô
Ҳ˼ͷһ漴һü°ͺ߿úܸߣĹȥкôƽ׸ԼҲʹô
ưŵãôʲôҵˣ͹Թڶסţú̷ӣҲ塣䲻ܴӦʲôٻỤ㣬վˣ
żɲĲյ½ȴǰϸֻˡỤ㡹֡
⻰ȥġ½῿ţӲ֪Ҫʲô
Ҫʲôװɵôˣ
½̧ͷ
ҹҹڸôòһָʮֹ졣
ǰֻһ񣬻סֳ֣ЩڣԷͻʣµɡ½ף⺢ĿĽҪȨ
ٰ㶯ԷҲֻǵӦĿȥ¶ķӦΪͻأĴһǰ˺ˣȴκζ
⣬Щ֣߳Խ⿪Ҫȥ
ȴ̧ס
꽫Լߣεûȫʲô
½һ㶣ԭǹ˼Ȼˣ㸩ȥ
㣬㲻ᡣٴֹֽ˽½ҪǱһ׾ˡ
ǰôΣҲûӹᡣ½ɻ󲻼װҪȥڶԷϡ
ôһ˲½ܺԼʱεءΣǰʲôֻԼա
ܶǰӻĺʱ겻ᣬ½ܱˣż˱ڣӾ͹˳
ҵĺǿʱƣнɵĶǳҭʱΪ԰ͽĹػ
Ȼɣʶץס½ܵ֡
½ܵͷȥҲͲ֮ʱԼ֯ĻԷһȡպˮá
֮꽫ϣһС
½ܽҩɰڶԷüĵط󼸸ᡣĿ⣬޸סɫ͵͵ҺСͻⶫˡ˵պȽ˹ĺɰ˵ķףҪһͬĻȥȻȡ裬ڲƭ˼ҵ⡣
ɰģĻǿƽȷǸġҪôҪұˡ
Ļüĵ
Ŀԣ½ԼеʧģԷϵİ˵ͷˣȥժѡֻ˷첹˰ɣ
ȴ𸴣½ж˺ɰڱһҩ㣬ϵ´ϡ
ҹ½ܻ˯ġǰǰӱܣʱİõ˵ĻﻹʶؿǸƴࡣ
Щ½ܺҲ޹Ҳ߹ľ壬Ƕ˼ľ𣬽ʱֻʣġ
Щ˲䣬ȻϣԼ͸겢ʦ֮壬ҲĪĳԹޣϣʱǳʶ
Сÿʣֶصĳ½ܾôԼԼ̫Ȼϲⶫ
ӵʱݽʱҲеظܹνġĵ
ϧ̫ˡ
ܿͻһУǰ֮**ۣΣڲˡȻΪԼıܸе߳ܡ
δߣͷŻ˯ˡ
̽ѹ䲻ȫȻԸɸ꼸ηӦеںģֻ΢ãǵ㡣
߲˵ںڴʱ˿̣ȻҪ
㣬վַƾȣ㲻ܾܾ
½ֻܽҪôࡣ
ϣҴñӣȥдš
ܶ⣬д񣬽Ƿݵţһһѹðסȡ

̲УǮ;ס˺Щʱաͷ桢ʳߣĳȻ˴ɨηϱ죬˺ٶﶼܼȡ
Ҳ²Ǻ˴㣬ƽԵʱԸĴԼֻ½˾½˾ǽһкҲѾǻ˭
ҹѲʱǮ;ź󾹸һֻ񣬾ͣǰ
ϰֽǮ;æܣ˲ȡ¡һ۾ϳ½֣ܵʱѡ
Ȼһж꣬ȴתΪȣǣ档
ȥָǮ;Ĩҡͷ½˾ͿˣЩ£
ĬãǷŸڻϣˡ֦ͷⲻ⣬Ҳ
ཫֽɣżУ
ƽǮϤչһĺ˰ҵ׶֮½ĳԸԱ
Ǯ;ڵķҾ׵ģ½˾½̫ɽ
л˵
ȫ綼½̫ȳӣԼ


24 
˼һѶδμڲԣֲ̣̲Աֻ߸βһ䣬Ǯ;ҵȷùݹԱĶ
ѶԱһ㶣Ͻֽʼ¼
ǲǮͨЩУƱƱ֪ϲĳ˳˼ӯĹﳪҶˡ
æýͷöп۸ǼֻһˣסǸϣǡ
Ŀˣ˶ʲôˣ
ݹׯˣׯ˾ʵ½˾ðġôׯӣȻҪǮЩһΣݹԱĶʲôźǰ
ɣдöͷðԱŵһӣĪҪſڿӣ˵ǮΪ˽½ܣкƾ֤
Ҹ鷿ż̸£ׯҲ֪˭ͷӣȥһʱ֪˾ȲòˣʵǮҲûҰʵйǷԴӿ
δȻͷ˼У½ܺö˶˵ģݽׯʲôǶ
ǡǮ;նׯģǿطҵúܣߵǮ˰ɡ
Ǯ;Ѻȥ̲ΨѲĸۡǰݵׯ
š
Ȼܿϲȥˡ
ݰȥݣʹԹߣϴ˴ɽܾۼǺܿ카һ
ȥǸ״޹ݣ˵Ƿϴµɣӣаպ͵˼ˣݳǷ
д˴פССַɴͼӴ׵شؾǣȴӡ
˵ԷΪһ̱Ψѯ顣
ɳ̲ϣһҳҳʱʱһۣĩ˷ʣǮ;ϵ֤Ҽˣׯȥ½Ѷʹô
Ψⳡ۾ۣԴػǮҵ½ܵʮ⣬ǹׯ¡ׯˣ˵½ϡڶóȻ
κЦһˤɳϣҧгݵ˶ʲͻȻһˣ޷졭޾ôŪڹ֮䣡
û˵
Ψ˶γ֪թ½ܺǮ;ǣ˰ţǰͷ飬ֻܸš
п󣬸ɥ߾ˣ˰ãһͷһ
½Ϊ͢٣Ȩı˽Լˡ㹻ɱ޲ΪѴˡ̲ȥϣȥ֤ɱǸǮġˡ
Ǿʶ˼᲻ˣŲϣҲ
䣬ô
Ψ뿪һɳεȽţһ¿Ŷ
Ƴһۣ½ǰŻıԣȥ̫ѧãŪ岻ġպᡸɱˡ
ɳ̲һɣţҲɱʵڲɣȴ˽ᣬ½ܸ֡ū̫Ҫ޶ܡǰȦںլϹ͡
һЦӢֻΪȷţ̫ӵ»Ųɱأ
ĺ꣬ϢؽȵĴԻӰŽС¥ȥżǽڣƬҩ׵ôĿ
ֻ½һˡƫصѣɴɫ°ں͹ɢѵ⿪٣˿ޱһ縴£סɫ
е⣬ʹ˲֮¡
ʱʱһҳϵ顣ϲʫμ֮࣬õȴһ鼯ע
˴鷿ģ붫ΪʱϿõ鱾
Ŀҳϣ˼ȥ֪ȥ˺δ
קʵһ󼱴ٵ̲鰸½ô
½ҪǽȴһԷŶ롣ٱڣǰƣſڱʣ½ܣݵĹׯʲôϵ
ׯҰġ½ܵɨǣЩ˿һ㶡
ǮԺδ
˾ڹԱפر߾Ҫġ
⻰ͷĹٱһӣ£
ͷ˸հӺ⴫һ
Ψһ۹ٱǸض½ܵͷ˲£ð½ˡȻ˵ˣǵü̫ӵ£Ѻȥη½סڴ˴ֻ̲˿ţĪҪ뿪ŽСɺã
½֪̲ͶϵУ⼸ղڶ˵ȥﴦ˿£Ȼ˿һǵηסЩʱգҲ̲ˡ
ηӡ
½ǰ˫֣΢΢ͷҲŴá
ʡ
Ψ½͵η£ȴ۷ض˹ܼ֣еʣ̫ӵȥĸˣ
֣һӣѹͻ½ӵ¡¡
֣Ƭֻ̣дǣֻ֪³Զš
Ψļ¼̵֣ʱɫ䡣
պþ㽫ΨĶУԸ̱ȥѵһʵڻزӸҲԡ
ץסΨ飺Щ˵̲ҲҪЩһϰɡλ½ӣԭǶ̫ǡǵļϵˣҪʶʱ񰡡
ΨЦŵͷ
ģҵչһȴأ˼䣬ȴůηľʪꡣ
½ϴסڳϲϯ֮䣬ϰвʡȻһΣȴηһ䡣
˴Եķˣ徲ڳȻӣȴþȫ
ڴס˰ࡣȼŻ裻ˣֻҹҪʱɹúˣ˸һЩ
ģηÿͼ顣½ϲ£һȥ
һ޹Ұʷͣã齲Ƕʮǰһڱ߾ļš½ܶһ£ǵǵʱ˴˺˵ĳͻ¡
ʱ˴ջعʱԲ˴ݷʱʤࡣ
˵Ҫ鹦Ļָ֮ˡ֪֮ͬӣʱʮꡣ
ɲ֪ΪΣݾȻܹȴ׾ӣ˴˴仨ˮ˺ݽڽڰˣճơ
˴˽ݳǺҹǾ˵˳ᢵĺӣһ
˵һľֵĺӣĴսҵĻУָ˭ɱ˶ˣܹˡűп۶Ӣ۲٣ʶơ
½ܿһ
Ҫ˵ʱʲôˣֻǿġ
ֱգǶļ䡣
ʱ֪ͬ½ʵϥ³󡣶ʱĸǵȻ֮ˣΪ˸ܡΪ
滨Ժ£硣
ǸĸΪ
սȼûܹӡ½˱ʱУıս¡
ܿ죬ʶ⺢ӵʵԶԼ֮ϣȫȨû꣬ݱ㷴Ϊ
½ıʱԤһս£ݾڵ˴ͨͨߡ
ǰҹȴȻĸйȥ½ʵɫص˾ٻǧ˴ɥˣ
½»ش𣺡Ȼ˴ݣɱǱޡ
½ʵ̾˿ͷ˴أ
½ʵĸ˴ʷ򣬺ȵһ췴Ľ飬ȵȴƸøѱ㴦
ĸǰõϢȴֻüٵ߾иι½ʵ
½ʵһܹУίʵϲ⺢ӣô꽫½缺
Ҫɱ˴ˣ˵ڡ˴Ѫ㵱Ҫ֣
һĺէȻ˵ԼǸĸ½ֻһ˲ܿҲ˴ˣ˴ҪɱˣǲǺˡˣֻ뻤ݣߵˡ
ʱʲôҹʲôѪڵľĵԸ
½ʵͬˣȻ½߳ʱȴһλվſڣ֪ͬ㱨հŵļ
ˡ
յжʧˡ½֪ܲʲô
֮ǲֱӶΣֻԼķñԡ
գݳǻˡ
˴ʿŵǹٸɱ½ѰĸֻԼɽȥ
żٻҵĺӣɽڹһϷһ˴˱ȥϾõһաƬѨʱȴľŽգﴫͯϸ
ǰߵţ½ܣɻеط
ƾֱܷٽһ˲ѣͷĻȴǣ½ӡ̫ˣ¡ҪȥԱߡ
½һ㶣ǵ˼תȥʱϡġ˴˲̱Űˡ֮Ļ
Ͼл쿴νԱ߶Ѩûţ޴ΡֻѸٷɽ£һƬݴԣÿҶڸȫ
ûȵ˴ɽȴһӴǶôиСôСͲصΣˡ
ʲôҲ㿴ˣƣСñ°
ץȥ͸ɣƯޣҲ֪ʲô
ʱ½޷ҢߣץסʱؿɽϣĺΪΣѳ˳ǡʱһС˴˾ŵǹɽ
˴֮˴˲ϡƬս֮أԾ
Ңõ½ܱ븴ػعʵأЩʼճ侲ֱٸԺѻɽʬ壬ʹ޲ѡ
֪ĸĸˡ
븴Ӧûޣ˴Ⱥˣ뱨
½ȴ޲
˴˵ޣ˲ôЩ֮⺢Ӳô
ҲʱһΪصħͷ
վ½ܣˣ޵Ĳʲô˴ˣֱ֮֡𲻸ڣͻս£
㻧д̣Ҽˣʥ˵ƽʢˡ
һ̣½ȥˮǸȻģޱȼᶨ
ʮƾˣͶƴ˵ļֽ붫ͼı˴̳˶Ա߾Ŀ
ҢöΪ͸˴ˣ˴ΪĸֻԼ֪˭ҲޣٲˣҲҪþܶ˺úûš
һ統꣬Щ޴
ٲָΪ֮ˣһԼ
˭ִ
ȥľϸϣļϴһ飬ٽȥʲôֻᶨ
ԳЦЦ˺º˵˵Ұʷ
ţߵţſڴѹ͵Ļң
ͣƬ̣ű򿪣δ棬ֻѰһ߽ţʱʱƳһͷ
½ܱ㶮ˣΨ׼ģҲ³ʲôµΣҪš
ͷˣ߾ˣʡ
ѻŵüͣȥ߾رѹţһʱҲǹׯ˲ˣͲҢòãԴǼٽõͷ˴ٱ˼Χٲˡ˼Ļ֮ƽׯӣȻԸ⡭⡭
ҵʲô£½ףвв裬úʲô£ΪҪׯӣסǮкκôǼ֮ˣԻס
ԸɰͰվ૵סǮɣ
˵Ȩı˽Ϊ˴ǮӼˡ̫ӱǶ⣬Ȼ̫త䡣Ѵ龩ǣô˶ף֪ܲԮ氡
˵Ѳ˻Сҧгݣⶼˣ¶棬֪㵽ȥˡΪǰΪ룬治Ǹ
½Ų꣬Ȼģˣ˵ʲô
ɫһһ֣ǵþȥ
ηʵҿǸ֣ҩ١
عǡ½΢΢ҡͷ̫ӴԼֻʱҶ˽⣬ҵġ
֪֪治֪ģôǰֲû͸ҽԼ׽ϣ
½Ρضۣڴ֮̽ģ޷͹͡
и׼̫ӲǵΣ
½УԲڡڽӵϣ˴ɱңҲǰ׷ģ߾ľתá
ͷĬƬ̣Ȼˡȥ𡣡
˵ű뿪ӡ
½ãʲôˣ
ͷȷƵĲԴȽǴ̽ûɹһ㡣
뷽ŹĻ֪֪治֪ģ
᲻һֿԣ⼸ﱡģ鶼Ǽٵģװģ
л˵
㷢ovo


25 
£Ϊ˴֮£ɿǧݰգɽ֮˾ٱݣƴɱգȡݳǡ
ؾ˹룬Ƶഫ˾ǡ
νˣ౨ӣ˺˾䣺̫أô£
ة²ˣ˵ǳŰ£Ҳ֪ʲôȥˡڣǳİ̯Ӷ˦¡
ͷ⻰ôȫȻ⣬ۿһ飬ʳı飺Щʲô˾˵˻иô
¿ԥ˵˾Ǯ̰֮¡δˣղ˾Ҳδ˴ǧʲôĶóСıˡ
Ψæͣǰ˾˾½ȻǮ֮¾ָʹֻ򶫹Ǳûлţʶá
һֽۣ飬޸ʱˡ½ܣ޾ɱˡ
ӰĻ²Թֵġüͷ΢ƺ˼УƬ֮һ̾ĿΨϣɱ˰ɡ
ɱҪȫǽ֪
ӻʹΨ̲ʵȥһ˶ԾϢȫޣ֣ʵ۵
֣󣺡ܲٿЩӣһϣū˴١ʵڲУūŽǽӡ͵αһµ½
飬˲ɱˣ»ģ
ΨڵĻģ͵µĽӡ˼ǵµ˼㵣ô
֣ʱס
½ӵȫǽ֪ҲȥѰ£ǵ¶棬ϢҲһʲô˼
š粻ϣŵĽѵǡ²ɱڶĶ岻ÿڣֻöӱܴ¡
ϸ룬뷽跨סڰô
֣ƿԣΨҲĬ˳ȥԺվãʱķߵȥ
µ뷨ǺҲµġʱûΥµ
ʱּ֣Ҵ۵½ӼһǰʮĹֻ˵Ҫɱˣû˵Ҫնǡ
ȫʬɡ
⻰Щ죬Ψʣ˭˵ģ
һ½Ӿİգдͽġ
Ψͷ
ģֻôˡ

ȻηҲֵһЩǼ½ܳ裬ܾڵĺˣһȥͨǱ
ĵȴǳǳů⡣ѽԼʱ޶£㳣µ¸ζȹ
ЩŻЩҪ棬ҢպҪȥδӣԼһнҪɽĻԣǻɻƮ뺣Ǹ굽ҲϷŹҪ
ɸΪλ
ڵȱʲôǻںϵҪɱʲô£Ǵϵһ̣
겻뷨һ£벻⣬ɵȵʱԽӱ㷢ѿԽԽʱʱԺ
ÿʱ½ܱȽļ
õĻôദĵΣС괿ڵԼϿʱ¶ȡ
һδΰԵǺ֣ԼʹʱһľţԼʱòҸ飬ռķŭ
µѲʲôʦ֮Ķ塣ֻŸΪ᲻ɫ࣬ˡ
ʵԭҲûжˣ̳ϣܰݵĻңܱǮ;Ǯ;ѳŵΪһͳıԴ˵ĲŸɣջֻ¡
һ˵Щٻ㲻ˡ
ֻǹִţ
ҪۿһĻ˵ԼһʮעѪûа׷ѡ
ֱãΨеоʱڵȾԮźš
ţһԼΪԼԼ̵оһ£ΪŴĶɱˣնҲټ
ĩˣΨˡǱߵȲã½׵ġ
½̧ܻʵȴǣоͷ֪
ΨѹͻҪ˿ǰųϢȫǽ֪ˡ
ã½΢΢ף߰ɡ
죬㹻ˡ֪Ϣ֮취ҪôáûжΪȥ̳·϶֣ϴһ㣬ǰһ̡
½ڴš

һǰ̳·ϴε겻ͬ˷չºͣںļů⡣
½ܻ˴ɫѣɢ缰ԵǱȴǱķ
ȥΧ֮ԶϴΡϴεֻĽİգһλ˹ı߾֮ˡ
ͷĿ⿴ĮȻʵȺѰѰЩξ
Խȥ룬ԽԼû㹻֤ݱԸȥĿܡ
ǽ֮ˣʮĺӣǴ˴δĹЩСȴԸ׳Ϊ˲֮ˡ
ֻܲͣԼ
̳ͣ˽ϣƵ̨ǰšůůչϣɫƺüۼıѩ
ϣּ⣬ȺеĻеĿ
߾׶ڷò˫ľӾʹ
½ܺѰͼҵʲôѰ˻¡
Ǹֳֵƥ궯Ⱥͷ̻
ĸźţ
֮䣬ʱѵ̵ĹȻ˷Ը˵˼䡸һ¾ͺˣ۵ġһ·ߺá֮ĻȻκξ˼
ǰľ
½ϴǰݸļᶨֻǲסɨ̨¡
İ꣬СʱôһҲ벻ã֮ΣΪλ
һ̡£ϵӽս
ǺӳҲǰԵԼ¶һҪ뿪˼ͻᷢýԼץضúʰһô
ӼӽʶˣϢʹȡ꡹֮ʱһЩҲȷ۵ġ
ʣǵĿȺߡ
һʱ䣬Լ׸Ǻӣ޵ߵطֺ㻻ֻ裬ҲʼĬĬܡ
֪겢֮ܲͶԸرɣ
½ܾǿص̨µı仯ˣǰ軨һƬǲϺֱۣڻţԼڿ˼ΪǸ׳һУԷ᲻ֻǳˡ
õĺӣôأ
ô޸мأ
ôݵײأ
ģⲻܣš
ֱǰٿȥɫŵһиˣȫȻڰ֮еһ̣½׹
ǲġ
ͲĶʦڰŽСǸߡ
½סŽСĵһ֮ûеڶֿܡ

½֪ܲǣԵɲǣȺ
һϣϵЩȡ
һԣѨʹʧȥͬ͸һ㡣
½շûмˣ̲˴¡ΨѴˣԤȽʬ͵⣬˴һõĹ餡ںδ϶Ҫʹ̫ӵ¡
Ңô̽Щ˼ƻʵһԭףҪҿһΣ¾鷳˺ܶࡣԤȸȥ⣬ʱйٱΣȻߡʬ塹
û뵽ǣǵ½˾вһ·͹ͱ߿ޣٳٲȥ޴֡
лиֵļһʬͣڽ˲ŴҴҸθߴòڣʢһʬ塹ͺͷƵģΧ˶ˡ
Ҳߣ޵ǽһγϡԲˣ˳ȥ뽫ߡ
ϴеͣԼܴҲˣ֣Ǹҹӡ˫ã⿴˿˯ŵˣʱ䲻࣬һԷֱ
Դ˵֣ɾ޵̫ľʮִˡ
ҢýΧ˶Σæȥ½ߣȡԺ룬ι˼ҩ衣
̽ƽȣԤ͵Ңھǵľݵȥ
ԱǸֱ˵ļһﾹԲģվվˣ
ܲ˳ۣһ߽һԵĺˮ

ʮһĩݽ⡣
˴˴һˮԭԶɹǵȻҢòˮԺãιȥǱ˴ʶþݵ㽨δġ
ҢһƬԺӣΪڲأԺ˲ľһգɨҶӣһسȻƣɷǺÿ
ǵӸҶӼˣֻʣٴǿãߴһƬڷҡҡ׹
½ܵƬҶϣɫȻƺûһԵ
ʱϣǳɫÿɣ°Դش¡ˣ϶˺ı졣Լҵûںɢͷ˿ģ
һüͷ΢ڴϣݹ£㽲˲ٱ߾ͻʱε㣬кο
⡭һʱ
½֪ɫ԰ףüĿЩºͣҢö꣬£˷Ĳ¡
Ң÷ǵΪıΪıսҶ֣ΪҢݵĹ£Դ
½˵ţһɺð߳ԡ
ʮˣһĬмСĵػţ
дƻܹϵ
ˡ½תͷ֣嵭βסֻҪĻдʲôظҿһɡ
˵Ļأǵ½޽ˡ
ĻĻ
ϣ˳½֧ʱɺԣϡ
ûνĻعⷵգĲˡ

֪ʱ߶˸
ۣŷվڴߣԥһ˴̫ӵϢҪô
ѿ֣˵ɡ½ɫ糣ϴֱ޷ս֮£Ͳ˵ˡ
ǣһһ䣬ˡ
½۲类紵ĳˮ΢΢һ壬ƺһЩʲôƺûС
ϲսӲȥݣǱߴ֪Ϊ͡϶ˣ˴˶ھٰء
ˣ½֮£²ؼݰˣ˴ſңײһǰ֮
˷ӦúסˡǺ°㡭
Ӧ¶ˣδ塣½ܱͷҲŴûģΪΪ˽𡣡
֪ʱöʣʵΪƽѵͲô
½ܴĿ⣬˾ģɪʫ
ȿȡ
һķ죬߳˿ΪĻش
ʮ½ܽƣߵص£һգ۱˯ˡ֪Щ춼ˣҲ˵ˣ˯˯
һ˯£Ѳˡ
̾ǰ½Ҵñӣ̿齱ߡ
С꡹֮жʮˡ
δ뿪ֻ̿ʱϨ
ƬҶӣҲڰס䣬Ʈ䡣
˿ɢ䣬˰úΣѪɫü㡪
ɾ
һҲɾһ

˯ޱ޼ʵĺڰ
ƺû˯̫ãͻȻɫĻεţεۻҡ
֮УϡԻԼϳߣ廰ݣֻ˻Ƶ
ǡ˷ܣ򡭡߼У
ֱʼģʧͬʱǰѸŤ֮ȫҪɢĸо
ǿݣ½޷ֿòٴԡ



һһѣΣһչڼž
½ָܽʶܵů
ۣԼڰŽСԡͰ
ڲʣȼʵĵ㡣
ú˺Ϊů⣬½һʱ㶡
ҿһΪ׼ѣһǲŻµ
Щһȣڲǳҧİ̺ۣơ
½üʱδߣԡѿš
ſڵ¡
һǰݶұΪūӴĵ졣
½ܲ޶죬ɽ̵伮ݹķӡֻǲɽ̲޹Ϊܷϡ
벻ͨ͸½Ȼܿǰʵ
ʱ⵹һⱾǺ¡
һǰʵڲʲôʱ
صֹ꣬ݣݻѨصʮ꣬븴¡꡹صʮܾܾ꣬룬װ׵رǣصʮַܻ꣬ʽ̵꣬Ϊ˴һֱ̫ӡ
صʮһꡭ
еһ꣬˸£Ǹ£ѾõĽ
һΣҲܸıֻ֣ǰŵøãñ߾ЩѪԼ
ǰΪֻҪþȫܸıǸ;ĺӡԼѧһյĳ֮ģҲһֿʹ
ⷬմѪĳԣı£ƴȫҲȲ˸ꡣ
Ӹ궯ֹݶʦһ𣬾޿ɾҩˡ
Ȼ·вͨ½ܲԸν衣ø£Լ֣
֮µʱ䣬ҪԼ
ˣ½ָߣ
һ£뿪
л˵
¿ʼһλ᳡Ҫڹԭ=W=
10vȶոġ



26 
ͨ ½ǾݵĹһ⡣ǰ̸֮֮ǰ㹻ѶҢã ȵԷǰȡ
ϵҹ 齣ͷߵ˵֣½ӿ˯ˣˡ
½üͷһ ѵʱոı䣬 ϸ֦ĩҲ֮仯縵һ´Ƶʱ䡣
ֻ֪ʱܼˣһ װ˯
Ƭ֮ ȻԶĽŲƺһ̾
ˣ
½Ը죬δʲôǰҲͰˣ һǰԵ ػѧš˯ˣ
ûϸ룬ϺۡΣ ʱȷûʲôϵ
ߺ ܻգ Ȼܿͻȥ뵽ΪӶŭӣ½мڲһĥҵĿС
ҢжѸݣ պ ´ӴŽСǴǽ ԼһͰ͡
ڷ ʯͷǶȥ ¥ĵذʱһ硣
Ҫ󻼣 øѰõİ취ǡøΪˡ
ǿ߰ɡߴٵ
½վڴߣһǰסµӡ
Ǵ齣Σǵذ壬Լǳص衢ʧʹ
ֲڻб˺飬Щļһ𣬹ڻҽ
ʵͷɻʲôҪߵģ°ȥá
½ͣﲢһö˰ɡ
ɫиžδ˪ѩתӴ뿪ŽС϶ĸǽЭ·Խȥ
һɹֱͦԶһλͷ

һۣ˻̱ϣϤĹңȿŵЦ˳Ǻ޲ó۽ȥ۽ǻᡣ
ϳԼϵѡȥΪ½飬һҹ°ڻմ
һ졣½סĵһ졣
Ƕ仨ûƭʱĵˣ
ţҪǣ½š
ʧõϲʱļ䣬ͣ´ƿʣ½أ
ſڵʹӱһڡڰŽСԡ¡
Ҫ̤ſڣԼͣסˡ
˵ʲô
ǰһǲ˵ģʱϣȻ½ܳ˽½ڲ֪պԼҲܲҪʱԼһ͵Ļ᣿ԣ±Լģν͡
δΪһ˵˷չ
ãҲûõʲôð취һֱڣǰ½˵ˣݸ飬Ӧƽ̫ɣ
վڰŽСſڣ֣šûʱٽʵð̾ǻȥˡ
½ֲܲˡԼݵ´ټ֪һаãԼͲ˰ɣ
Ǹ鷿죬ӽΪ֮ƺͬʱҲڲôʡһҪװڳҪԷչ˵ӣһӦϣԼȫ߶ԷһǰŽСΣָԼ뼫ƣҪȡԷԭ¡
˾Ȼȥһ죬ʵľЩ޹ؽҪ֮¡
ţжʹӲͨ£ˮˣ
ô£Դģֻһüˮ˾ȥȻ𣬱ʲôá
ԴǡǰŽС
ʲô
ͻȻĻһˡ
һžʯͷϣԭؽһ˲ļһءֱ֮Ӳ˾ˣʹӾߣ½ôˣ
֣ܼ˵ˣҲ֪
ʹ˵̧꣬ۿ˵ɫȴһδ̫ӵ⣬ͬʱ߬ȭ·һ̾Ҫһ㡣
ѹ
˾ţԶԶŻ죬굹һҲҪˣ˾һƥֱ˼ҳ
񱼻ضŴ嵽ŽС
¥ѱյŤץһʣ½ȳ𣿣
սսŽȥѾȣ˵ҲҲͷ˲ٶ׶༪١
ǻŸʲôȥ˰
ڵأȴûָ
֣Ȱ£󣬰ŽСѾȥˣǸϿȻ𣬷ֹӰɡ
ôȥˣ⣬⣬⣬ǿ𣿣
ǲԸΪƴԸ⣡Լȥ
£̫ˣ򲻿ˣǧ֮ðհ
ȫȰһͰˮһͷ¡ʪܵģҵһòܽ˵ĿӣԥһеİŽС
ͨſʱûһ£ʹͺһ
Խ룬ϵˮɵʹͷӿ·ڿຣǧļ۵ɵô
̫඾ˡ
Ѱʲô
ʲôҲûС
ֻл磬ɽĻǣ̮޷ʶĽҡ
ҿЩҡһˡ
һ¥¥סĵط¥ݡ¶̨ڻдһ飬һ
ȫµļǳ˷ڵ˴ڱǽζߵǰһ󷢺ڡ
ڶ飬Ծһ
һһѰһ
ĵ׽ԼҲˣԾִŵѰܷһ͵ڳѡ
Ǻֱʲôֱ
ԼĪһӺʢĻƽƳڣҲûˡ
Ǳص𳡣ͨãҽƤյúϡۣǿҵʹһͺ˫һعڵϡ
½ͷ˫ֵǰŤһƲסزҵġ½
Լ档
ȻΪǰЩɥ£½ӱһΣԷһ֪ǾҸ
ǱӦˬȻתʱ䣬µĴǷˣԻʧ⣬½߶ߡ
ˣٲ
项һݺһȭڵשϣʯ顣

˺ѷεش
һжأȲ½ܣеԼܱӦʧȥȫΪꡣ
½ܾȫ
𽫰ŽСճɻǰһˣڣ岼˴ֱ˸ӣѪڵϣѴĿ
껺ͷңԶʡĿûʢٱˣնЩ}ˣ۲صġ


Ңøصľݵ㶼ѡμªǵһڽ⣬ͷһưܵéݡͷŷֱж죬éȴõŹá
ʱ½ܴλջ˼ĽɫԲۣ˿ţгŵסһʰ緢ȫ޲֮С
뿪صҢãԣ緢¡
ǾǾݵĶʮڣԹΪס½ȴϲЩԺֱӵݵź͹½
ʶЩ˲ôϵһͷԣдžη
˴Ӫȣ½ܱõڸлϲ˵Щ黰ԹһڣżɽЩУͷβλ˵˵Σ˴Σ
Ȼ´磬嵭ȴڸǲȥ⻰Щˣͷͷ˿ڡ
ֻþȳӲҪ˴뿪ˣֻץ˾˼Ǯ;λɣҪɱġš
һ٣ͷ˽ӣ˶ã޷ŹλȨơǳûô÷˰ɡ
½ٿȻһǮһΪı£һѣȴɣı£ʵҢߡ
˵òأɶԷȴͨһڵϣߵͷ˵Ը
ˣϾһء
½Լ⣬Ҳᡣ¶ѣʲô˼ίʵй塣Ǯ;ǣģܲܡ
һת˶Ŷ
һСӳ˼䷿ӣ⼸ءм֣̫Ӹڹرϰ˼ңÿ絽ؼ๤˵ʱ˵ЩȥǶ˵̫ӷˡ
ˣ
½ЦΪԼܻ˰ɡ
˼Ƭ̣ͷˣԸһˣǴ֮գȳǮ;ǰξҵķӣֻҪ䲻⣬־㹻
ֵ㣺Ķӹʮˣöؽ䱸֮ʱɱ˸ꡣ
һɫ˱䣬еһġ
û˸Ҷ
ֻй⸵Ȼ˲ãչ̫ӡɱ˴Ҫҵİ
ңѧһպ꣬ٺڿǺá
½еı仯뻰ΪҵѧҲſԡȫģ˴֮ңһɣճΪ˴رѡ
Ҫɱھҿɿأ󻼡
ǱߣҼչȥרĴǵ£ġ

ӾǳȥݣӱҲҪʮա½ڵĳµҹգһʱ졣
ҲʹԼɱ˸꣬Լ˿Ĳô
аɣϾôʦʱСɰģȷת˲ŵĲ̡
ɺܿ죬Ժеļ㱻档ףɰСˣڵ̫ӸΪ˼Ķħ
½ǲΪ˽ɱ˵ģ͸겻һ
֮˸һɣȣʲ֮˲Ϊɡ
Ңڽ嵱֡
ᶨɱ½۲и֣Ĺ⡣
ǡʱϳһƳĳ֮ŵ˻ȥ
ǡҪʲôʬ
߾½ûݣֲ뷢νĳͻֻòϵĺ䣬еţˮݡ
صΥأȴûͣȥҢϢһҹ½ŵ򾡵пһձ·ǰݡ
պݹٸſڣ½ܻһǰڴ˲ľ˱ۣתƽԱţҢ½֪ݡ
Ĳ²ⲻ٣޴׳ìӦɿԸӻ¥ߵݰйءʱԸδж޴׳˵ϻ
ԭҢõʿ롣ٱæӭȥ
Ң÷Դ룬˴˲֪ʮ븴ִʱΪҵ»¶û½ܶ¹أΪʱʱͼ񡣹˼󣬾ҢֻһٶˣȴȻľ
½֣޴׳Ҳͦ졣˴ݽ棬ǲ˾棬Ȼϵ˾
޴׳½ʮֲ⣬½˾ʱҢó˹ϵ
Īٽ˾ѷ˴ˡ½ܴĿ¶ӣҢ½ܣԸݹٸˡ
޴׳ȣϳϵʱ𽥽ܣҢкοˣݵ£
½֪˲ݣ¶Цݵ£Ҳ֪¡ҴǰӴ֪оγ֮ţȴƫտ˴˼פظԤϧ
һرţ˿¶Ӷ֮飬ԷʮãҴ˷һͬ˴˾ϳݣӴΣٲѹȡ
˴ܴӦô޴׳ʡ
ǲӦǡ½̧ܻͷһתҪݻѰ취
޴׳㿴ƾʲô㣿
½ǰϿҵ֪ݣҲ˴ˡݣʱݻأҵļҹ˴Ϊ٣Ҳ֪Ϊ룿Ңȡ¾Ң˴ϡ֮⣬ʹҲΪı
˵һʵ
һǣΪıҲΪı
˭֪ǲ˴ϸ
½֪Ҫ˻ɣóµ˵ǣңǾ͵ϸ˴ջݣ֮˴Ҫи֪˵һŴ˭
ݡ
ˣ޴׳⣬ԱԸǴ½ͷ鷿ȥ

ˮ֮Ҫ޽ԭŽСԭͼֽȴ̫ӲأҪһǰȫȻͬ¥
һʵҹ裬ɷˣ˵ЩŲо㣬˵ýĻᣬЩ˵¡
ˣĽʲôݺײһ£ۡ
ڹվգһʱҲ˭ȰҲߡÿֳһʱ£ʱڳճš
Ҳʲôر£ֻš
¥Ѷѵ㣬϶ļɽ߶ȣպ͸¥
ҹ½ܼףʴ꣬ɽ˺ġ
Խ۵ļ䣬ԽǷĵУͷ룬׵Ѫ
ʹͷۣǰֳǰĻ桪
죬ҹ̰ʮգɽԽϻؾǡһ½ܣȴ֪Էȥˡ̳
ͷһҵת̳ȥ
̳Χ۵Ƕ˵½ûѪһֱ׷⣬ֱʬ类һͰˮļ͸
ħˣ˫عڵأڿȺУɵ˻ߵغ
ѽֻޱȼž
½һɱˡ
ۿñֵԷȴֱƺҪߡеӦԣȴΪ޵̫ʧֱϴһ˽ǡ
굹ھʹ֮УȴԷ֪½ʲôҪȥԼİˣȴһ߽
ϵ˱½ԽԽԶ뼡ǵһ˲ᵽС
һֽкڣһֽа
ϧ½ã½ŻĻ䣬ѡ뿪
½ܶ˵Ҫһʮ꣬޷û½ӡ
ɫɵӡ
½ݹȻ˰һͬʱҲججһЩʱգܿĽͶ½δҵС
ҹµش߾ˣȴʲôڿͬһҪиĴĴͻԽ࣬߾Խҡ
ݷȼ𣬸겻˷ԣƽҡֱ޷սֻҹдӲϿˡ
˴Զڱ߾ɱֻⷴʱ⣬ɶԷվڳǽϣϦ±Ѫɫ
Ľһ֮Լꣿ
ˡ
ͻȻ
£ݳŴ󿪡
˫ıʿסˣͣжų߳һŲ¡޷δˡ
ֻһûбҲûл
˴ıʿϳˣⲻǵ̫ӵô
̳У꾶ߵǰŲаս
Ȼǰ¡
˴ꡣ֮һ˶𡣡
ϸ⼸УɿηսԽԽ㡭ǷǷǣжԼ
ŽţݾʿĿתΪŭųޡ
֣һ֮лԹޣһ֮Ϣꡣ
һ󳤾õĳźһݱʿƲסԼɢķŭǰŵһ
ǼΡΡޣʮֺö㡪
Էȴδ㿪
ţʮ֧ӸͬһĿꡭ
һ֧Ҳûж㡣
ֻѪ飬һɫᶨֱֱѪ֮С
ȴʧȥʶǰ󻽵һ
½
بųҹʿǷ˵ⳡս˴ֹٰ
֮󣬱߾ƽԹ˴Ͻʮδս¡
󿴵Щֻοǰỽ꣺
½Ҫı߾һʵˡ
½ѧûĽ̵Ϊ˶
½ҡ
ƺʲôںܣȻԼûʸ˵һ֡
ǲġ
֮һϣҲҪʲôλȨֻһصԸ
Ҫ½ߡ
ɼ˼򵥵ԸҲĻᣬһ˽ȫϣ
ʧȥһУԹãһᶼûʸ
ܰ
񣬰ŽСľַϣ½ĸ¥ͩС
ͩϣԧ˫
½Ѿ뿪ǧΣҲֻܹһˡ
ͷʹɫ
ҪĶȥôػһ
أƺЩŲסˡ
ಡ
ͻȻһ֧߲磬ʶܹ
һǶ֮ڣɭϵĹ˭б¶ų
Ǽ֧ʱѾ񣬷׷׻Ҽ
ĿȥǼɽʮˡ
һЩ޹ңȥæ÷ʱ򣬸ߵ̫١
ɱ֮˲ĲãԶʮ˽⡣
۵úܣûзֻȡԷȴЩгֱȡҪȻҪ
˫ֲ֧סһֱһۣǰ˴ĵطְһ
ûֱӸзˣƵʹȴ䡣ʹ֮£Ȼ̧ͷ
Ǻ˵ϣŸ½һģһӣ
ӵɫͻƣһģһ
ʱҲ룬Ͼûмʬ壬½ܻ᲻ûǴӻˣ
Ȼ̷Լ뷨䱸ɭϣ½һˣӵȥ
֪ãˣ˴ÿȥѲ飬ҲҪ½ҳ
ԭΪһвˣЩˣȻǰ½ܵģǸҢõĵط
ȻĿϲ߳һӽŵͷٿһὣ˵ļ粿
ԷڵأǰĲӣʣ½ںδ
˵Ȼһۣ޲ؽнؿڡ
ʿһ׼һˡ
Żɥ˺Ȼв˰ŵˣÿһȥҪһ䡸½ġ
ҢüɭϣȻ
һͬˣļƲ˲٣ֻʣһڽ䡣
ҢòõͶ·ɷĿὣԭűľģȴλ̫ӵжĽŰԼҲˡ
̫ǰͻȻ֣üͷɫˣҲʮֱ΢㡭Ұɣ½ҲûģҲҴá
Ҳ˵ģ
˱ԷŴˣ̵ֻܰģʧ򲻿ɱȡһӣС
ȥһ˲૵Ļ㡭½ܡ
ѪУþʧ
Ŀȫ̵ͷȰ˵ǣὫ½ӵ˵ǴѲ
̧ͷ
̿ȡ֪ɷ½йءǴ򽻵ý
½ҪɱôһʹסĲҢáںδ
֣˽һϢֻ֪ڹ֮أ˵ݣҲ˵ݵġܹҪء
ڷá½˾Ǹȥһ˱߾
ôңɱҡôܡ
½ܽפݹٸ󣬱ͷڰСѶŵúҢýǮ;ȳ͵ݣͬԼһ
һ߰æһʱʱȥ޴׳°칫ĵطתһȦΪѯʣʵָֻţ
½֪ݶĿģҪݰչúãͱڹٸԼ֡
ڴʱ鰸δǮ;Ȼչ˲ٺôƺֱӵ³ޣ޴׳˶Ǯ;ơ
½ȷǰѵľΪġ
һ֮½ܴǮ;ó˽ۣݹԱǰ˴˾פݴ
ݹԱ֮䣬Ҳʲô̸е˿Ŵ󵶳ͷˡſڣǰͷһϽι˴ˣϽȥݲӭǣ
˾ԱŵöֻΪ׵Ա޷ӱܣ׳ŵӻӦҳģɹԱפڣʩ󣬾ȼǺιʳ
Ͻҭһ£ԱߵĹٱϣȼǲҪݵôõθ˴ȴεĲףˣǻҪݵϰǣҪݲ˴
˴ȷġԱԹŲӵЩǾǴּ⣬˾޹ءԭȵ½˾һݵġǽ㣬˴زӦǿúˣ
ҹ˭ּ⣬ܹ˴ݲݣҹ
ۼ߳һҪˣȴһ͵͵ġһ¡ϡ߲ǵĮдЩ䣬ȴ̰˳µĶ飬࣬óһ·
·ͷĽһΣŹ߳ɫѣ۵صĳµüĿ˷ĵĵȴ⣬̵˱Ŀ⡣
մȾЩݣǰһŭϽֻΪ壬ʱ˴˴ֻܾˡ
λԱ˽⣬ýˡ
Ա½ܵ£⻰޳ˣ½˾ô˵
ҲǰݣǰˡҲں˭ִƣֻơ
½Щݻ̰ũ䲻٣Ը㵱ǹˣҪ˴ĽӼá˴ÿߵˣ˵Ҳٺ˴ͨɹεļЩֽаɲ飬ݲ̣ͨ˭ʧأԱ⣬ҵ˼ô
ҲҪʲôֻҪ˴˴ڳߣָ˰Ʒм԰ţӡ
Աסһ˴Ա˭Ҳ֪˵ʲôá½ܼ״Σ¶Ц⣬ǰļ磬ȥôػ˵Ǵżһģû˴˴δϵݣĪڱ߾ɹˣؾɡ
˵̧߻պԱ⡣
Աˣ֮ڣһʰ׵
Ǯ;Ըһͣǰ칦ϱԣȴΧʳ½£㱡
ݹԱǲ¶ǾĿˣǮ;Ҳ˵ǾЩ̫˴ݱԸ㡣ȴ¹ȥһͬһ˴̵ͨķ
˸ͣ½ӺǮӲŻ磬ϻҪǰ
޴׳ȴǣ
Ǯ;æڨЦȻ֪ǣͷǼı
½һһǽ棬һţӪǮ;ĶǱߴɱ̫ӵҲˡ̫һ˾Ҫңݵ±˳
ڴɱ̫£Ķݡ˴кӰ죬̫ʲôˣǡ
ȻûȵϲѶȴȵȵ˱
պ½ǡÿȵûȥֳΣֻ֪˴ûߡ
תֳͻȻɱһŮӣԳӯˣٰΧۡǵڶǰͷûʵ˵һͨݲ˴ɣڳİ뷨
ӯﶼˣڵĸߣٱ±۸յ޴׳˸ߡټӯƺǰڰﰲԼˣ˾һߵ֧ǵš
Ǯ;ҰѸ˵Ķ˻Цõغ½˵ٲֿ䣬ݰصľˣȥһ˵գ
½΢΢ҡͷݶ֮²һʱҵǺ棬һɵİᣬֻݻΪҪ˴֮¡
ҹ½ܻһҢݵľݵ㡣е£ǵýɱȥ
ָˣֱӯͷԼ£ӳŵס֮һ顣
һˣһַİ£ñ߳һСȴò˵Ĺ½֮ѵǵĿַ꣬ͷƣ顣
֣½üһ
ʱ黹ţǰǳ鰸ºα죬ٰ˵ʱǰ˵
һݺǮ;˭ô
ߵڼÿҹܻ֮ȥγմȥơ
ǣһſڣһִַ߳Ůӣĳ
ҪȥĶѽĿʡ
һЦؼңһס
ôһס½ߵʵģͷô
Ǹϳ뿪½˱׷ȥ֣ϸҲԣɵ˿տ֮رвͨˡ
Ңʩչڳף½ûⱾ£γڴš
˵ٺɹεĵطвżӲԡ㱼һȥˡ
½ܴһ磬ͬṦࡣߵҹ䣬Ƭ̣˽
˵ζȥͣĳǰ³Գĳ˵ˣúźӡ
˵ţȥţӣ飬ˡ
ϵĻ̣Ҫ˰ɡܾãá
ӿǴӾģźƵ㡣ˣպȥٻ󡣡ɲֻƤ⣬˺˵£
˵׻ȥˡȥٽķӣظͬḶ́͸ľӵˡĩˣϳ뿪γʣļҲ֪͸˭ġ
½ĿԶüͷ΢˼ŷżš
Ĺӣݣ¡
һڽӽ½ܷԸ飬ֻЩƤ֤ݡ
ڶĴη壬©ʲôԸȷһ䣺Ǹʲôӡôǡ
ߣǸǶˡ
½ܺȻ϶ԷĻǣϣϳһޣɱȥͷ˲һԶ׻ˡ
½ûлݣҹҢá
ҹڽĴӴץʣɱ˴̫ӵˣϢ
ۣŵϢδüдšɱʧˣˡ
½ܵɫ̱ʮѿ
ôĳ䣬ҲǴδγɹ˱ҲУʱ⸱飿
½ûлش𣬼ʣΪʧܣ
ݹ˵͹̫ӱ˵ı¡˶һһҪӦܳʮס߿ˣ֣˱ȥˡ
½ţĿ𽥳ȥǲϷŹҡ֮壬ԶԤϡ
ǿɲһһ߱Ÿ첲ü˵ץ㣬Ϊء
½֪һЦʱ򣬲⣬ֻĬĬ߳á
滷ɽ粻ֹʵǶյĺȥ½ܹ񣬸оԼĳġ
һУǸͷǳϤһӣֻǽüĿ˫ϣյ߳Ѳڣһƣĸɫ
Ϊλ
ϸ룬겢ûΪε˾˾߾Ӳ첢֡
Ϊΰҹ̵ܵγӲʲô
Ϊˡ
½ҡͷԭԵȵ±Ϻٶ꣬ҪǱ֡
ʱٵ˻صһݱ߾ȥݣԼ˴ˡõһ˵ƣҲա
½ܱˣȥ߾ţټǿƣǣͬʱﴫš
Էȥˡ½״һʣ˵ҪɱǶͷ죬ǵɶˣ
ʮػش𣺡䲻࣬һ·ȥֹˡȻǻЩײܵġǶЩֺá
½ҪͷһӵĻʣΪһҪɱ˴̫ӣȻ˲ãȴҲɥɡɱ˴ʲôô
½һ٣ضʡ
֪£޷˵˵ġ
Ըúѡʮ˴ִټǰɱ
߾ѾЩʱգĴҢڣԲ֪һڽҰ֮䣬㾡ȥ
վ粻ֹǾһɽ֮ϿȡĵǱ֮ɣڴ˻ܵʲôĿֻѰ
ΧԶΪһҲݾڷֱˣͻȻӲݴʮˡ
Ǻˡ꿴˿ǵҢõˡ
δ֣˵֮һԸӦԣһȥԮ
ݳд˴פֻҪסͿԵȵȼݡ
ɽУ˫Ҳɽͷϣ½ֹܳ
ϰǾ׼֮ó룬տֱ·ѡǹ乭ɽµ׼ͷ
ʱʮֽͷؿڣЩҪȥпܱ¡
½ΪˣЩİ취⣬׼
йˣᱻģֻҪ׼֮һвʱǳãǰкܶɱ꣬һ붼ӡ
ֻǰ̫಻̡ڶԴĻ䣬µȥˡ
ոǰ˵ԼΪͽ֮ǰӦ벻й¡Լδ棬취ӦҲǹõġ
𹭼˲䣬½ǰٻ棬СɰӺܿ챻֮׺ݲбڸǡ
Բ̵ؽԼĶʦԸĨͿԴκˡ
һˣ¡
½ܱ˱ۣңطſ
Ϊ겻ȶ͵ֻأһһɡ
֧ƫеȥиһͣ漴ֳһְֻγͷ빥ĺ˶Դ򣬽ǰø
½վɽͷȥɻѨλҵú׼˵Ӧ²ŶԡǸʢҪЩ
ֵ˰̣ԣֻиȻڼڵıµɽ쿴
Ǳ߸һֻĪ˻Ѽ䵽ʲôô
˼ȴ򲻹Ȼ˫൱ԷҷΪ֮ƣֻϵԮ
ʱִɽͷӰһЩǺˣӵǸɫÿֻΣ֪֮ˡ
½
һϲͷýг
ʲôˣʲôͻϮһжҪˣܼӡ
ֻԷĿԵɲǣȴͻȻס
½ܻ˵ҪɱԼľ
Ϊʲôûֹͣ򶷣ȴðԹ˵Ŀһ½ܣ½һִģ𣿣
½ܲתͷߵڣΪλЧк
ֻҡͷ˵֪ʣô죿
ٵȵȡ½ܸɴҷһЧ
ЩԶɣΣա
ڸġʲôΪҪҡ֮С
ۼ̫ӵĻһһص£һ˵ˣԽԽҢԼ˵ܿᷢɱ׼
ȻԶƵ
½ܲͷȥһ˵Ҳϰˣ
вãһ䣬ԷֱԼ˵ȫȻˣƺһֻԸҢҲԮɢע⣬һ½ܱ㱻һһס
½ûӲ򣬺޷֮һԮںʱðվˣȫû
½һֻԥƬ̣㳯ǵߣ
Ȼ󲿷ڶɪں棬Ҫ
½ȫֻܸҪң
жʧ󣬺һ˳е
ұǽ֮ˣǸû¡
˵ˣǼȥ½޷ͻȻֱǯƣѸٽϵһŷС
ڶʱס
Ңõı飬ֻƯͷĶʹ˸γϡ
˾
ȻΪûк֮ǵ뿪¶ҩ
˵زǱѡ񣬲ò뿪˵ء
һߣһ߲ϻ
ǵ
Ԯߣ׷ȥ
ɽ½ܵΪжȻһæȥ쿴
ʲô
½ܴʱɫ꣬ҩ
һ˵꣬㱻ǿ꽫ָȥҪѹɤۡ
طˡ½ץֱ۵ס±ڻģûˡ
³
꿪ʼıĸ£סַҡļ磬³Ҳô
½ȫɳһڸ껳ش۽ޣպ˫ֻۣһ伫ᵭģŹҰɡ
½ܡ
һֱգƴҡ˫磬ͼһѣ½ۿңҡ
ŤǾҲʧȥ㡭
ͬʧ˻һ㣬˻˯ãȻʲôŻˣе򣡴أ
˵ַָûдֻÿ½ܷǰ͵һޣȥ

½ָܻʶʱֻôͷŶڷ䷢ۡǼȫҩζǿۣԼһµһǾĲùġͷˮϼҩ
ԼΪλţĸO@ȴˣű֨ѽһƿ
ƺûѣԴɽǼƣȥܾûúϢˡ
ˣһõЦ½ˣ
½ܼˣüͷ
ԭѡͬ鰲֮⣬ҪԭǣҢòѱڸС˼İΣ±㲻ܷȥˡ
һǰǰ衭
겻Ҫϲ⡣
ΪλţڵĻκθ飬ֻǵѯʡ
һ仰ĮܿòƲЦҢõĶûˣʮǰ޽⣬ٴ򶼻ˡ
Ŵԣ½ܰ⣬ⶾ븴дһֱôõģ˭֪˽ˡ
ⶾԭĻһһȴ֫ʮ²µء
꣬½ֱкƽ˲㺮ҢҲ㡣ҿ˳ʲô£ԣܲܵס̡
ҡǡɫӿ½ܿĸ
齱ߣס½һֻ֣ԴǿУ½Щҵ㣬Ѵ˴ˣֻΪܼһ档ֻúչ㡭
˼ഥ½ܸеʮֲʣɴس֣࿴˶Էۡ
еʮԻ
컬࣬ʱǰ⸱̬õʲô
ʲôٸˡ
ţ½ܼѵֱһһ䣬ңòκκôƽ鷳㣬ԭţʲôҲҪ
˵ţȻȫӴͷĹҵһСűҪԼϻȥ
ѡطѪپһεĻᡣ
ѱܣӲʲôãĽ
ڻһûʲôֱ
⼴ϼһ˲յֺһۣС˦˳ȥ屻ѹϣС˵䡢ۣѪһڵ档
ıʹһ£ȴֹֻѪ󻺻סǰˣʱһԴͷغʹ飬½ôѽɲҪҲߡ
½ܻסǰĳЩŻĻ棬˹Ҳ
Ҳȴ˲ơ
ƺ֪ù֣Թ˳ȥվڴߣͻȻʣΪҪɱң
Ϊ½±£ٲ뿴﷭ȥɣˡ
ûжֻۣԶһ㡣
ԭãǰһΣ˱ЪţһͿ㣬㡣
ȥ
ðɡ͵̾ʲôڴͷҩˣǵóȺȡɽҩٺ࣬ǰϲģ֪ɻθڡ
֮ͨͨߣҾſڣкҪұǡ
ϣ½ܳŴ齼ߴ˺
дţֻð֪λá
˯˯أյ˺ĵš
˵󣬸ĴδŹҢõɱ֣һ·׷ǡҢõĹأʧܳʱɢжȫû
ȻһΣҢη壬֪δܣӻݵá׷һ
ٸЩûкøУô֡ԱʮŲƻҲһߡ
½ܱ˱ۣһжжʧԭΪüиѨλɿĿǰΣǿʢӦδзôܣ
ҡҡͷûзθɡ
ϻ°ںδ˵ֻҪָԪ;½ܿǵǿ
˵ҢҪˣûǮҲ粽Уοв˴ȫͶȳȥ̫£ҢҪðҪԱβĻֵó
Ȼʱûж˼Ҳؼһʱ档
ʻţ˵ԼûΣգȴ֪ںδҢð٣عҲȷ֪Լںδ
½Ƚ۵޷뿪齣ÿԣ˱˯ǹһʱ⡣
Ψһ˵ģǸɴᵽſڣÿմڴ˴һ㣬Ҫôˡ
̬ȵͦãʵе㷳
Ǳ߸һֱϳţҲʮֲ⡣
½ǰ˵ʱ½ӦѶֲǣΪʱĮˣ
ѵΪΪʱ½Ӧò֪ݸʲôȱ²Ŷ԰
ֻܽΪ½ܲ˶вѣƢŹ֡ؾԼʲôϵԼʲô˰ɡ
űЦˡʱв컵ֻ½ܵĸı䡣
½˯ѣͷˮһǴҩ糣¡һ뿴ĶǸҩţûһڡ
ǣͷһֻͣڴߡ֪ж㣬Զʹ˺ôŹš
ſ꣬½ܿЦá˵ҢйأжϾ͸ϣɳ׷Ԫˣǵӯ񣬸ҳϡ
ͷ˾ҵҲȰֻһ¹ģ㽫ҳ꣬˽һĽ顣
ͲɣԼš
дõֽ˼£ǿӣȥץϵ񡣲ʱȴƿϵǸĽŲ
ֽеڸĽűߡ
Ȼдõţ׼š
²ĿģƲҢйء˲ҢõϢȫǴġдֽϣԤһ촫ű֣
ǰأ깪ֽ״ŵˡ
½ȫϷҡ
ֽǰ꣬дʲôţҿɺã
áҡ
꿪ʼֽ
ͳۣһһ۵չΪҲţ
Ȼһʱȴסûͷûβһ䣺ͷ˾ȥ
ûС½֪ܲ⣬ڻش
ȻЦֽۺãǰŻ½ֻҪҪ뿪ңʲôŶãҿҾͲˡ
Σ½ü벻ͨͼˡ
˲öҢøȤôΪβ²µԼдЩ෴ϢҲЩá
ңԼ֣ôЩжˣûҪԼȫá
ѵͼҢûйϵǻʲô
ѽ½ûȡÿθ룬ͺһ룬İ
꽫ˮ½ߣɣǹˮɢֹʹģ𡣡
½ܱǶøôһƣʳԣߡ
ͳһһģҨһ͵ߣģ˺þء
½תĿͣͣ
뽫ˮڸԴϣ˴׵档
ġǲӦ˷ѡ
½ܲ˿أӹ붫תֱ㵹齱ߵĻ
л˵
Īӣ
İͱӾں


27 
죬 һĸſվ˺ܾãȻʧмصıˡֵص˵ܾ̫ӵҪ޳Ƶġ
֮һӣ ½ܴӰϵ֪˲ӯţ һһظ̸Ңμ̽顣
ʮ³һѩ ʱǡչů
һѩ׵ͣڴǰ ½ܵӽǰ˲٣ŲǰĶѲ⡣˻裬ȡţ ǰ
˼ţ ͷߵţһʣ½ô
˲Ǹ꣬ȻǰСġ½ɡ
ʱ΢΢һ㶡ԸǶ䣬 ߾֣ 뵽ǰľѽЩ˼ǰĿƵϵ
Һ£½ʡ
һŪöԷЩȣ Ըͷ ĿһЦ ǶſԸǵˡǰڶʱʮĽ ˵˵ ̽ ʲôҪ
һʳзŵϣ Ҳ֪õʲô ֻЩģ ơ
֪ǲΪһĸ̫ˣ½ǰԲĵ˶˳˲١
Ŵ߼µأҪȥϴͣǱͬ˵˵ͷΰɡ
Ըæǰסͷһۣòȥ˰ɣͷãҲ䣬ҷȥһΣ
½ȻţһӴһҲܲס˵䡹֣ͷϴ멣Ƚŷһο߲ˣſˡ
Ժ½ܲŷԼҲֻſ
ʱ굽ǰԱˣſڵοţǰԺ֮ȴرأһȦΧġЩվˣ½ֲܾ֪ס
ϿΧĽûʶģֻܿ˴ķӦѲݡ򣬵ݡ֮ࡣ
㲻λñ᲻˾ȱãҢҲѶԸһȦ
½ԸԺſڵʯδͷơſи̸վģҲʱʱͼ䡣
½֪Դӯ¶֮òƵƽû£ٸҲû˾פݵʹߡ˴Ϥͷţ߾ó糣
˶оⲻǷǰƽˡ
̸봦ʯԲ֪ʱ˸ˣ״ʣ˵ʲôҲҽ
½һݡ
Ըæ񣬡ص£º½Ӳлҳˡ
лҳüǰƽĪ˵
½Ѿˡɲһڱ㱻ץס
²˵ʲô½δӴ˴ߣ֮˫˫ɣңԲԣ
½һԲԼ䣬תߡ
ȫȻư΢΢Ĳ
⣬һΣʱ֪ԸĻ죻ֻǿ˵뵽Щ
ڸϵԵɣ½ܲԸΪ֮ģϾ޸ϵ
ԺվãԸ½ܽȥ㳯ͷҲ
ֻʣһ˻ɵɵվԺԺвǰ½ܱԸ۸Ļ档
ŷӦ̬˸ߣڣȰ½ˡ
æ߰ͷ׷ȥ
½ܵң귢ѵ˯ʱ½ܽ⿪齣ԸҺµĴ멡
Ըţ㶯ֲϵʳУЩģ㾡ĳʳ㲻һڣȴЩ۵ĵġˣ㲻ǲԣƲңǸ˶Һã
û˰Խ˵Խί
½ܾ˵꣬Ȼ
걾û½ܺΪ½ܻɶԷʲô˵µġ
½ûú˵ˣæ䵽齱ߣȥ½ܺ󱳸һȭͷľ롣
ûп½ܽüͷ
½㲻ڵ㲻֪ж㡭
һ仰ڣ㿪ʼ
Ҿ꿪ʼڣʮһ꣬ʮ½ߣϰ½顣
ɰŽСˮ죬վڻǰǸҲˣҡ
Լ˭ҲӸôȥˡ
ȻץסԷ֣ƴ㣬˴ÿһݶȥ֣ǾҲҪҵ㡭
ſ½ܴЩʲôҹߣһ˵ͽ⵹ʣǰҲ̫̫ˣȴ˭Լ
ҡҡȻǱˣҡ˰Ҳ벻Ļ
ɴס½ܵȦڻȻֻãֻ뿴úõģңҪʲôԣ
½ܵĻ̹ǣ֡ô
Խ˵ԽҲŵģԶţ
½ܸеϵֱۺԼײڶԷؿڣǶԷ
ǰĳ컵ĳ
ˣ޿̡
½һ¶ԷԼǰ󣬷ա죬תȥڶԷǰءѨϸһ£ûָֻ޷ǰһЩʹǴ´ࡣ

ͻȻҽһŴϹȥסԼ
սҲܹˣûһ׶Ĵ̹ǣǣҶǡ񡭡
˼½ʱǴĵ絹һ㹳֫ٺʹ
½Ƴһۣɻȥٲ֪ÿζԻһǲͬĸܡ
ӶԷ˷ȥһȲ裬ܶˮŵ£±㲻ʹˡ
ʵʲô¶ȵĲ趼ãȲŵ£ʱͽ䡣
ֻõȥİ취ˡʹԳ֣ټʱȴȻϡ
Ժòִţȴ᲻ʶô֪½ȻѾѣȴĽӽų⣬ԡ
½ġҪ˿ţ
ãֻҪһҵ취
½ƵҢͨţ˳֮䣬ָڲӯǣ˭ָЩ£
õѡȻԼӯ֮ϣտĻͷرأԼҲδȫȻԪδָҢ
˼ãմֱ꿪ڡ
ԷӦԺҲûʸڿ˵Ҫˡ
ҹʱ뿪ſڣӦˡһһҹֱ뿪
Щ½ƺǵһҸꡣŶſֻи齣ԺҲֻվһȦ
ϴй̸ʮ飬ʣ½кҪԸͺãǸð졣
½¶Цûʲô̫ӵ»û
һʱǳҪ£Եȣº͸λԱһأ͸л
鷳
½ܻû˵꣬Էȴˡ
ݳڵһСԺԴҹ½֮󣬰ѻԱĵطҲŲ
ǰȷ£Դҵ½֮󣬾½ܲôĸɾҲ˲١ԾֻҪ£ָԱûš
εҪݸ⡣ݹԱҪ˾ʹߣ˴γֻ֪ûʲôرõİ취
ǰľ飬֪Ӳ˶֣޴׳˲ã̸вԼҲáȸݰա
ݺ˾ĹԱ˫һܡ˾ͬ⸵ĿǮݱƶ㸵Ӧ֮ݲǮݹԱҲԸ
ǰ½ܳ棬ݻῴӡ
˴һ£̫ӳ棬ҸΪҪǮ
̫ˣֻµûţڷϲϵعƣڷйʲôһ
ҪǮ˵ɣݿǮҲЩУݲδ֮أ˲ʲôҲûУ㲻Ҫݡβ㣬ҲݣԸǮ
Ҳϵһ֮Щίҹȴֻܶ˯½ܵ⣬ɰ˲࿴һۡ
ʱǰ½ܣ뵽ĳȣ뵽ʪ˱졭
ۣһ˵ȻʧǱʵ
ûʲô
ѡȥŬȡĶš
ֻ½ڵĵطĿˮ
ԱǼͷ׷׾ٱ˭ȣĳ㣬ȴ˭ˡ
Լľܳȥ½ܻԺܷ裬ǰʲôصǲԭԼġ
ʱŽڸ½ӳţȥ򡣡
겻ɵõɵЦ
ͷע⵽ı飬ȥѾƣλԱ㡣
ҹơ·ֲ䣬½ϲԺﾲƬ̣Ҳ֪ǲȥиˣֱߡ
ڻн䣬ҹ°ڣ㴩һɫ
½֪Լ˿̵òضǼΪųģҿ⸱ģֻԼ£䵽ĳЩУۡ
Ȼ
ǰ䣬ȻһӰһֻӣһߣ첻壺˵½ң
һ˲䣬½ܵĿӵ䡣
Щ֣⣬½ܿ飬Ҳȥ룬ͬѣֱӱ˵ҪȥһݣԽԽá
ðԷܿϣһ˻㡣
½ܽҷӯᣬΪ˰ݶ븵෴ġиˣѱ֡ˡ
˻һͻȻǰץס½ܵ˫磬̧߻ͣ˭㣿ҢöԲԣȥݣҢþͻ뿪ٲ˶Բԣ
½ܼƮһɾζͨ죬üͷ΢һѣˡ˵ɡ
һȴƺ˸ۿִӶԷϻֱۣٻ价סͷ½ؿڡ
ʵһֱ֪סġɶ˿㣬ҢֻҪ㣬аһʱҵȻ֪
ⶼҵ˽ģҲߡ
ǻʡ½Цʲô˷°취װģǶˡ
ƾʲôãԼ˶ж
Ц
½û̱ñ䣬ıƽ͵Ȼ֪סǱ㲻Ҫǿʱ˻ҵݣʲô˲ɸ档±ϣҵȫҢǰӦ
˺ʦ֣֮պ̸ֻ£˽顣Ҳɱ㡣
괹Ŀ˼Ƭ̣ȻһЦ̧½ԡ
̣һһݺҧУ㲻ߡ½ܣ㡢ǡҡġ
˵գ͵ؽ½ܵϣƺ˰ղײ½üͷһ塣ôסǰˣҪ˵
½ܼӢ˵ӣĿ⣬ƺһЩ¡
ڴ˺²˵Ҫʲôһ뵽ȻҢã֮뵽ǰ裬һԴδ
ǰĲˣû⡣
ǰЩ£Ҫ֮⣬᲻ỹһԵɡȷأ
ЩʾþͶܽ͵ͨˡһĸ뿪ǰǿȡϷ룬ǺĵصԼͬ⡣
ϾĵģΪѧԼ˵ҵġĻʵЩ
ʱЩĲ෭ӿӶĸ½һķθＷһ䣺޳ܡ
걻⻰ˡ
ŵȷһЩ޳ܵ¡
½˵Ҫ뿪Ļ״̼˲䷢˷裬һеؽ½ܰסԼ˫֮䣬ѡ
ԷĿഥһɲһǿҵĳ嶯ӽŵͷ½ƬûʲôѪɫı
ȥǰŪǰˡ
ĴбȵĴ껯̽࣬ѡ룬̻ǰը
Ǳİ
֪ȥܱ½ܵĵѨڰ·ɹˣ˵ĹϵҲ⵽׵ƻ
һҲ½ȴԼ壬һǷܽҷĸ飻ǰûУ˵Ҳǳ顭
ڴܣˡ޳ܡ֡ȻԼ
һпֻԼĳ嶯ֻ½ܶѣ඼ǽڡ
Щ죬ֻŽӽռУֻԼܴﵽĿģȴûʹ½Ҫʲô
ⲻǰǾİװ**
ˣѵһſס½֣ܵȻףãһԲת뿪
ɶ޳ܵˣ䲻Ϲµľӡ
һ磬½˯ţһʣ½ӣǺʱȥݣ
½һ㶣һ˵·Ը´ʮ˻ǰݣʲôֻҪ˺Ͳس֡£ٻ
һ
ǡ˵һģá
½ܵͷȥɻ󣬸ҲЭˡյû˵ʲôֻԼһ޳ܣôͻȻһ
л˵
QAQ


28 
պ ½ܳ˳ǰݡ
ѩڣ䣬½ѹ㣬 Ŵ멣 Ҫ
ݾֱȥݹٸ޴׳˼˹һ ͷĹԱָʡ㲻𡹡
˵ʲôأ½ǰջͶءǮ;ˣ ǰס½֣ܵһҪ޳ӣλ㲻˰ɣ
½ܳЦЦ ӯ£ ұȥˡ
ûǮ;ʧı飬½ܴӻȡһֽĲϣԸ⼸˶ӯӷ ȵȥˣ ͵̳󡣡
ַԸһڱȥɿգ絽̳
׵֮ ʣһʱ ½ܱǮ;ȥ ݵ⡣½֪ܲݹٸȨҲƴǰǰˡ
½ܼЩҪĽˣ ֮ ݲ˴ ˥ ϵһ֮޴׳ʲôûɫ ȴòΪ
Զ٣ ίˣΪݰա
Ҷסģڣ˵ϣٳʲôӡǮ;ЦţӣͱôˣҪ
½û˵ϾǮ;֪ûõġ
̫ɺȴ˿½ܼ˼ѣз̳ϲסؿȡ
Ǯ;ȰȥЪţҪ˵¶ֽϣ˭ó½ܾܾˣֻߣԿӯŲʹղ
̳ΧѾۼ˿ֵİգδʱһ۱㽫µʮӯԱѺС
ǻڿ߹ٸɿһìͷ׼޴׳޴׳úˣĿ⽫½ܺǮ;һۡ
˵ٸ޹׽ˣ½ܺΧĿ⣬ǰȥӻȡһֽǱôҶǷµ𡣡
½ܺ䷢ֽ΢΢Դ͸ĺ磬Ҫȳĳ嶯һʱӯذİ顣
ȿȡһ꣬ſڱǿԲֹ
в˹Ǻܿ챻ӯ˵ĺԩĹȥ
Ǻ졢ݺˣ֤𣿡ͷ
ٸˣλû֤ݣ
Ǯ;ŸӷϡͷĶҢռģǰյ½ܵķԸȫȥݹٸ
ϷŸûĽݡΥ濪ķαĹٸ顣ϻͬݹٸǰܻ¸Ĺʡÿһ׮֤ڴˡŶϣ㾭Ӫ潣οͼѵĺɰ
ɣǿѨ硣λԿǰ顣
ӯǰ˻Щ£˱òɾʱ˽Ҵһ
ȷӦ飬һǰһһ㿪ʼ˵˵ֻΪı·ơʮֶˣȻ©ٳвΧ۰ոĨᡣ
Ǯ;ֱڿ죬ҪԷȴ½һֹסţǮ;˸͡
ӯȻдڰлеλġЩɱˣֻҪӡ
Щ˷Ĳᴦá
Ǯ;⣬ӯˣ֮в֮ʵȻлڹ֮⣬ȹĻʹ֮ˣȡ
Ǹ̨ˡһȺ˴һ𣬸Щ˸Ӵŵ£½ָܷʹ
˻һڣסγӣЩָʹģǵĸĸҪЮٻ󡭡
Ǯ;̷Ը쵽γץˣƹЩ˾Ѻ̡ͽ
˲סߵͷյĿ½ͣƬ̣վû˵ʲô
ʱ½ܺȻڣӯ˴ʹפǺο
ԼΪʲô飬ԭȵĿӵĿǱŰǾûпˡٸ£ʲô
塣½ܳ˵ͷ
ȥ˴ʹפ֮Ǯ;ϴǵĻ˵һΡӯʾ֧֣û˵˴ʹߺ޷ֻ֮ôӦ뿪ݡ
½վں￴סؿԡȻǰһȥ
ԭһҲûУŵһ룬֪Ĵܳһһס½ӣǻȥɡ
½Ȼ֪˵ǻȥȳ䶨ȥݸȴûּۻֻۣǰԼ˳
ϻͷۣ
ⲻǸӣõʮ˿ţ
ɱСԼȻţɱиɡǸشϰҲס
½ܣ
һ˯ѺͣǰЩסСԺſڡ½ܻص䣬дΪ
ɸֵ˵¾ô˲ģͷȥ簡
ɶ½ܷ
˳ھ͵ʮġ꡹ⶾη
½ܻһε֪£
ŷ˵˻ڨЦȻǿ
רⶾĴֱܷ꡹󣬵ȷ֪ݡ½ܲ⣬˽ⶾֻҢһЩˣܴһɵĴУ
ԸϸЩ£·ʳҩҪһͰˮůӡˮЩ̣½ȥȫȻúܡչ۰ͰڣָĦϵİ̺ۡ
ڶʮŸոտʼѾҪ¡ݶ֮󣬰ղ˴ѹե֮£ǾͿǮ;ˡ
˴ߣҸᣬѸǰ¶ҢãҪҪɱǾ
Լ͵ȵҢûָԪӸϾߣɵضȹӡ
Ҫ˴ͬŵȥһĵطݣȻѡɽˮĽ䣬첻òĵӣҢðźһУﳤߡ
ⰲʮܵκһ⡢ˡ
˼ţߺȻߵ½Ϊԡþߣɡ
ȻȴǸꡣ
½һ²ǰ¡ͷһԸļ䣬ͷȥ
ûгȥ˸ں棬ͷֻܿ½ܲϵĲ֡
½ܸߵĻᣬһ䣺½ôô
ίˣſεʵ˿
˾˾ŸոΣ˶߾ˣȴݶ˻ôңڳб;ٲά裬¼ȷж˻õҵİѱ
ˮ½ܱЦҰݶΪǰơʲôֵҺޣ
⻰ɫһӾͲˡ߬˫ȭ΢΢ѧ½˿ô𣿡
Ѳ̫Ҳҵѧ½ʧȥģԾɵģȴóмˮˣȥɡ
û뵽վһԵĽѣ½ǰǿѿЦµҷ¡
½ֵ̧괹Ŀ⣬Ծʣ½ھ־Ҳ㡣ǰֻܵһ𣿡
½ʲôʮˣΪҪҡ

½޿̡
ļգ½ӲãʱԣĳԼϣ˱š
˶Էϲؽţ½ˡ
½תܿԷȴŲȥٴαסдʣ˵η䣬Ҹůš
½üۣ衣
һĬ֮󣬸͵̾һò˰ϣ̿
½ҵġ
½ܾƺһȫ⣬ٴ˯ˡ
ûͷǾ䣺Ҳ֪Ҳˣɻҡ

ǣةฮ
ſһµȻӭȴʮĮȫ޹֮ɫ
ݲ˸񣬡֪Ͷ£Լٳϣ
׳һЦȻةࡣ
ó²£Ϊ˶£
ة񡣡׵¶ֺã˴ƿأΪ˾˾ԴϢٳۣ˵޼֮ܡ
ˡæڳ棿
ζة촬ɡ
ɫ΢䡣
Ҳة촬ʲôֻ֪촬ҪǮüݶǱ۸ݸ˰ǳݣһոءҸʲ£Ҵʱˡ
ؽĻ׽飬üʣҪݣ
Ǯ촬ˣͷةģʱҲ˳ˡ
سĬãڵñ½ʵȨֳʱ̸̫ӣΪʱ硪óѴá
ȻϲЦտ

һ˵Ŀĵݡ
½˵޳ܣԼҲáȻİ֮߷ĥԷǻ糹뿪
һлҲ㳥ˡ
ǰݵ֪½жصǺ㼱æһγʱ˳ȥͼʮƵһط
ɽ̵ͷۣǽڲȴ̵ý̻Ի͡Ÿʽ滨ݡΧʮӡĻֹ
ǳġɳһƬҶӣĬʲô
ɽ̵ʽ˵ǾԼܽ˵Ļע뻨Уӵˮ࣬ٿ
ֻû뵽˻š
üʣɳ֪һֽС꡹Ķ
Է̧ͷ⣬¶ⶾķʧĪҪٴ
áһ׼˾ȥϴߵϾͱ˶
һͷӣһľơٿһۣͷ̵ǡ
һ㶣ܿľȥ
صʳѰҡϢǶ½ܺǹ˳Ͼ´棬ҹ鷿ĸֵ־
գҵˡɽеļء
֪½ϵĶжʱգһҲ뵢ߵʮִæûüϸš
½ܣ˵ȥס⣬˵ԶŰ£֣˾١
ϵҵȻȥС¡ڸɽ֮ϣҵ·᫣ȥ졣
ԴɫǽڣԲ񷶥꿴ǡʱò޳
Ŷ룬ͷĲҲ볤ƣֲ֮ͬϱǴɫ䣬Ҳֻһλɳˡ
ǰòԱţǿľƣİ֮С꡹֮Ŵ˴н⣬ɳһ
ǹˡľƷ㵹˵˵İ֮ʲôˣڼˣ
½ܣҢõˣǴ˴ҡһ꣬񡭡ҼúܣҲµúܡ
½ܣɳЦ˳ῴʲôˣǸ˴ңʡ
ĪؿЦ˺һɤӵĺ컨֮ͨ飬¶ⶾءÿ³һ¶Ҫһ飬֮ʧȥʶɥԸ⣿
걻ʵס˼ݣΪû˻ҪۡŵԸΪ½̶ֳܲܵȣҪϸǡ
ȻʱǣȻԸ⡣ҪˣΪʲôԹԡ
㲻Ը⡣ɳ㷽ԥˣǲ뷨в֮ˣ컨ҲĻ顣ȥɡ
ԸģأһϳҵģʱͰ¶ǻҴء
Ҳ֪صĸһϮͬһ֣סɺ֫˫ֱ󣬹̶мֵĸϣⶫƬҶӣס۶ڱǡ
һо㱻סʱиٴΪ½ܣԸ׳ô
ٴԥˡ
һ˲һ˲ĻشͳˡȻԸ⡹ȻǼƬҶӶÿˡ
˵ˣģ컨ǲ㽻ġɳĬҲԸ⡹ͻԼ⿪Щȥ˹Ĺɡ
ô᲻Ը⣿곯ɳˣֶ׮ţһҪ½ܣΪʲôԸ⣬һΣ
ûõġɳ̾
ɸ겻ϰݡվ˺ܾãճյȴ컨һĻ飬ȴʲôҲûȵ
ʵվסˣͻȥϢһλסΣ취вͨ˼ҵҶ۾󡭡
ɽϴ˴¡
Ǳҵܼȥ
Ƕ˵Ѿҹһֱûлţ֣
˵½ѾٲţҪնˡ
ﻹסܹ鶾һյ£ߣȥˡ
ٺһ޿أγ۵ľҲȥЩʱգʸ֪֣Ըǰʱ⹳ҲԱߡŵɱǰѪڲд˸á֡
⹳Ը
Ƕ½ܣ߱
ɲΣôκˡ
ʲô½ѾԶ뿪ˡ


29 
£ ˸пǶԽҡ
Ƕʮյĺ컨ʩһ仨껯ļѡ ǰִƬĺɫ꣬ ء
컨ݸɲݻ֮ʣ ɻԸһֲŮٵߵ
ݹһΡҲģ ᲻
ӦǣֻҪ컨޽Լҿת˻صʱ䲻ɲݣǲһصһΣ ҲһԸ
Ҫ ֻҪšֻҪҾܾҪš
Ϊ꣬һ뽫컨ˣ Ͱһ飬 Լ󣬾Ͳܷˡ
ݵĳĬ 껺Ը׼ǣ 컨 ʱ⵹ɺ󣬻ɢ ޻ڡ
û뵽ǣ ʱתһ꣬ ʱԼµ
һʱ䣬 Ҳ㹻ıܶࡣ½ö˶˵ػţ 붾Щʱգ Լƽ
׼ʲôģ½ȣʵڲֵһᡣ
ﳤڵɽʱ½Ծɻˡ겻ôɽ㽫ڿջԼϴһɽ
һ߽˳
ĲǰͬλɳһˣԼϵĺ컨˻ɫ
ٴ˵⣬ԷȻͬ⣺Ϊİ֮˽ⶾԸʧȥң
ȻԸ⡣겻˼
ɳĻشʾ⣬ϣһƬ꾾˾ܵһֵĸϡ
Ϊ½ܣԸ׳ô
ĸޱȼᶨԺʱԥΪʲôԸ⡣
˵˫ۣһӢ¾ı顣
ȻԺнųһ⣺ΪΣ
û룬ֱӵ뷨ǰǷ࣬Ҫ
仰ڵٵҶӾʧȥȥǾήˡ
Ĵ𰸲⡣ɳ𣬡ĬҲԸ⡹Լ⿪
һƵô᲻Ը⣿Ը⣬˵ˣ´һΣ
ڶΡ
ͬʱϵĸ̣һѣѪ⡭
Ѫʱظ˫ۣ˫ȣͬǧֻ涣ҧĸܾ۳ɾʹ֫ٺΪһʶ
겢ûоܹʹҲϹսܹˣʱ˧ԺۣԵ£Ӱս֡
ڣΨһһܾ½ܵˣֻסˣ仨ܻýҩ
Ժ½ܵʱһвûôܡ
ǰһ̣½̫ʱ䵭ģʱбʱǱ׾ᡣ
һ̣½ſʱĹԾӣֺʱĶ˷飬续㾫µüۣ촽ȵĴС
õһ˰
۵¶ôʹ࣬վҲҪȥ
ŵĻشʵ뷨½һΣǷġ
ޱᶨ
۵ÿҪȥˣɳȥװģҩˣȴİ취
İ취ͨĬһΥĵģҲԸ⡣
ľѸ˻ȥһڵϣѪءѱϳ⣬û˹޷ƶ̧ͷϡ
Ҳ֪ԼΪζóһӣƬ̣ȡ˸ôĴƿץһʲôȥҿ⺢ӣٸЩʱ䣬ɡ
߹СƿڸǰСӣжʮһţұ㽫ȡΪʮһȪУС꡹֮ԡ˵ͻ쳣Сʱڽ֮к飬ӳ
ӳãУȪʲô֮ʲô
ÿһŶÿһˣӳö춨಻֪жٿţҲץġþ֮ǰͨˣԻ
˶У̶Ȳͬѡҿϱʮȣֻǲ֪ıΣ
ȪȻ˴壬ӦдӻʹȪˮǱˡ
˴ھĸۡһˮʹ껹ǵһ֪֡
´ƿЩģɵĻһһ£ֲĵʣǣҪͨʲô
ͨʱȻ֪Լͨˡ
ɳȥ׷ʣҲˡ
ûа취ֻպһƿӡʮһ뿪
۸ϵ˿ڿſɲʵƤˡ˼򵥵İã˿վɽȥ
һ·룬ǰԼˣ½۵÷·˵ԼȻ˵ĹϵˣԼ˳ӦҲܲȡЩɣ
׳һоİ֮ǰЩ̰ٵ½һǣ˵һΰ
½סĿջɽ¡ڵִʱ˿Ѿ졣
һȥѯʣ˵½⼸նѵģϢȫǰǰջԡŵʱҲôˡ
Ц߽ջ
½ܵķڶ¥󼸼¥ʱװһſ¥ϣһСȴպùľ
ӣô˰ʲôˣ˷׷׾ۼ
ǲδջ£ֻƺ½æԼڣ£ǡСˡۡ
⻹Сô𶯣ȥҴ򣡡
һһؼغϣ½ܵķȫ޶һȥĸоʹˡ
ô죬½ܿ϶ˣôҲԼȫˣһҲ𣿻ֻƤ˼
ʱ½ܵķ߳ʹӣ۾һӾˡһһҪæԭʹɫǶ˷ס
Ʋס˷ܣ½ô˵ʲôûУ
ǡһ˵
껹ûüһ˵½˵Ҫ°ѳ˷ߣҪˡ
꣺
½ܷʱͨŷ￴һۣ齱ߣרעĿֽϡͷһж˵ֻ²ؼ
Ͼ˵ֻˡ
½ܿҢþǾݵϢϾģ˰Ѹȥˡ
˵̫Ӹո˾˾ݱ˱ʣ˵ְáǻʵ۴ȡļ֮ȨȨֳȥмסպáֵࡣ
Ȼί񣬵ҶףҪ̫ˡ
ǰ½ûȻûһȻܲ꣬ػһԾϵ£ܶԴ˲Ųʡ
ʱһʹӸű˵˾ҪȨϢûʲôо
һΪ½ܶģͲñ˷ȨЩʱ½ߡ
ֻ˵½˽ʱڵһվδõıš
½һǵˣǰ˼ڹģڵǳɼˡ
Ȼһӣ½վи̫ӵ¡
Ƕʱ
̫ӵ£Ҫ̸£
ƽֱ̧ۣͣס½֣ȻһЦ½ɣҿɲվţһˣ۵úܡ
˸۵Ťı飬ԷȻ޷Ӧ
½ܰ˳ˣ˫۽е£ӦȻţ֪Ǻδ㣿
ŲȥǴյȥһԼԼһߵ½ãδȽϺأ
½û뵽׻ظԼɴֱӷʣ½̫̫Щ꣬ƺδʹ¡̫ô
Ȼĵ̫ӣ̫̫Ǳ˵ˡ
½һüû뵽»˼Ц¶̫֮λ⣬ǱȥͼһĲҪԼţϡ
ӣ갡
ƢԣҲ֪ģΪ̫ӡ²̫ӣӱѡ񡣵ʱҶùϵóȥϣ
Щ۽ޣڸĿ
ҲЦ૵
Ƭֱ̧ۣ֮һ𣬾ٵ½ǰ޺ۼһЦϵһ£
ǸλõȷԼ̫Ȼ½Ծɱͷ
һץס󣬾ôһֱץţĿ⣬û˽Ǳ˴϶ֻҹһңҪֻܰҡֻҪûޣ˲ô
½ҧ촽ãͱˣ𣿡
½ܳȴһ㶡
ǰĸʦ棬䲻ı䣬Щ±Ͼδ£ԼĴ治죬Ҳδ֡ǰ˵Ķͷĸ꣬ƺ̫׵
ǲһϡʦˡ
ˣ½ܾв̫Ըְ̧ϵǸᡣ
֮Ͱˡ
⶯˸겻СķӦͻȻЦüΪã˺üл½ˡ
ţһ߱˼Ȧˣ䵽½ԣЩζҲҪ
Ȼô½üͷĿӸƵ͹ĺᡢǣԷ˵ʱϡ
½ܱܵ˱ܣסһ˦ڶԷϵĳ嶯ϸԼ˸ѷǰǸ
Ŀ渵Ǹᡣ¶ԷʲôҲˣڰֵҷˣȥɡ
뿪ʱŲ죬۽üҶЦ⣬ﻹС
Ȼõġ
л˵
֮jpg


30 
ֻûã ȴֱۼʱ½ܵķӦ˵ˡ
½һֽ̳ģĶʦȥ겻֪ƷԵӣҲԸ̫ӡ
ȷ½ͬ ֮£ ½ΪӦ͵İ취ͼ֮ϣ¶˳ȡʤ
ǰľ飬 ֪½ܵķȷġɽΪ ̫Ҫ׷ñ̫ô
½̫飬ڶԷǸѧ ûгΪһ֮Ĳܣ
һ£ 跹˼ûͣļֵҲر߾½һ򾩳ȥ
һ·϶죬½ܲøͬˣ ԼҪڽ˯
층걻ѣ ˮмѩװ׵ĵ֦ͷ ֿɰ
һ˲䣬 Ȼޱ½ܡ
ʵҲͼû ޷ȥĳ嶯˳ 䵽½ܵĳᴦ ǽͻȻȥ
̧ʱ ȴԥˡʱң ʲô壿
˵ֻˣ ϶ᱻ½߳ɡ
ںһ ۶ʪ÷Һʱ½ҩˣһѶߵߵǽڡ
½ܿҲƣˣùҩ˯¡ãֻҩģ֪ͷ䣬˾䣺ɣЪЪ
ʱ̺ԼĻ
½պòã۲ۡ䲻䣿ҩ
ɡ½ɫ
⣬˳ȥ
Ųһ٣ԭƬ̣ǰڶԷǰҩ
½ȵ˾ǣһضסɡᡣ
½ƫͷһ
֪ܱܾȴû뵽˲˼ִԵ
ЦȥԵõĶãסˣ䶼ǾʱĲãҲ֪ϲáȻҢ
һҢã½ܱüͷѹȥҲٻض
ٿһ£꽫ҩιߣˡ
½ʼƽģйһ˿ҩ£漴תţǵȥ
Ȼߡ
½ҲӲȥǳǳĺˮôķһͬסˡ
ã³Ļ޵һ䣺½ǲǡܿң
ô꣬ǿҴϻۣѵǶǼٵôΪ㲻̫ӣ
֮дΪΪβ̵ң㷣ңҲܡ
㲻ܡ𡭡ҡ
ѹ»еٿʱѳԭٵʲô̫ӣҲݵˡɼȻ½ңҾͱȥ㿴
һѹüͣҲҪ£Ҫ㡣
ĻᶨȻ֪ǣЩϵ½һҲû˯ˡ
ݵǰµ·̣½ִⲻȥֲھһ԰ӸԼҲɴЩĹԱ಻ԡ
԰ӱһ飬ʮ£½ÿ߿˲֮ܳ⣬Ҳڡ
ʱԼ˿ǸͽֱеȴܾһȡԷթ
Ңõһֻһֻ½ܽ˲ݱ߾֮£ôԶվЩѣʵЩ³˳˰аһ㡣
԰Ȼţ½ȥſڣͷذšҢھǵľݵ㻹Դ뿪
żûм̵ΣաֻȺڱ߾ټɲϢָʵӪȡ
ǽ֮ˣӣɵضȹ
СѣſںŸʹӣ½緹õò࣬ҪЩ㣿
ʹӲźģ½һΪˣͷɡ
ʹȴ˵ͷ½Ʋ
½ֻø³ţȥ԰ﱳɽʯٺĵˮ鿣￪شͨ͸ʯӺ裬ԶǸ
½ȥ˳ŷǸҰ˷ۣŲݵ㣬ҲҰ˶ܶĿζ
Ұ֮ȤҪڿ䣬Ϥ
Ұǽ峿ɽڵģҰζǳԸʡôɻ½Ŀζ
Щ층ȻҲסԺײҲ֪æʲô˲֣½ܶĴڡ
⻰½ܶʱ˽ҰϯġζĲҲʧ£Ƴһ۸̲꣬ʣ£
⻰һ㿴һǿЦûʲô¡ǿ½Եò࣬ӡ
ҿζ̫ˡ½ҪߣȻû£һȥˡ
½ߡǰץӲǰƻϡ
Ա£۰Ͱ͵½ܣЩίԼο󣺡Ҳȫû¡㲻ϲ׼ĳʳҺ˵£㻹ǻİɣ
½Ҳ˵£Ҫ˦ݣݵĽ
ͨ˾ڱ߾һЩ£Ҳ֪ԲԺòã½ָ̡
ݡܰ½ȰסӶˣҲԷ˾˾ݣԼڱ߾Ȩ
ڸʹӳϺһļȡһݣ½С
һ˵óݶ֮˴Ŀƣó١ءĶάֹ˰䣬̣ͨ˴֮޽µ·
Щ½Щ죬û뵽ƺ˾Ϊ롣ϲ¶ֻ޲סֻ߾в·˿أͨʱ⣬ٴƻ
ѧˡЦȡļԶʼ¼ֽһݳϡ
½ܽ˼ļҵũˮǽһЩ¡ÿļд˸굱ǰڱ߾Ҳûʲô©ȴЩС⡣
֮½ûٽһݣǳĿлֱ˵ʲô
ЦһȥֱۣҾ½Ҳġ˾Ҳá
ﻹв㣬ҶѧԸġ
½֪ΪҢýյж˳˾䣺ǣ˵
Ҫߣȴٴαסٿ£治֪취ļݣͿһòã
½ݣӹļ£Уһ顣
չ¶Цգǰ곯͢ݱһ촬߻ʵԶطٸЩˮ
ǰݴõӯᣬµĳԱȥݣعٸּӹңԭ֪
ݹٸһʷκģˣԸ壬볤ٲһճУپʮӯĹＷһСʱ¹ڲ˶ָָ㡣ǻ˵ˣһ磬˷ﴧš
½ѽ꣬нҷݹԱաб˽֮¡üͷ⴫ˣ
˽֪ŭİվһѳ͢Ĵ˸Ǳץ˲ˣδϢҪ½а취
ڳܹעѲټ²ܡֻҪ½ܽϵһҪǶ˺⡣
취½ȥȪһ˵ĸ顣
½üʣ͢ΪҪ촬
˼ֻ˵Ϊó㲻֪ˡǰ⣬ԽԽŴġ
½˼Ƭ̣΢΢ҡͷļ֮±ɵطãϳʳ͢Ҳñ档¼ߣԲȥܡް취ȥˡ
½ƣæǰסԷֱۣ£½᲻ܵİɣ˽½ػ¡氮طң޶ԡ
Ǻã½ܶסŲƽתͷӣ취һһּκᵽ̰ٶɱˣȻ⡣ڶҴİնɱˣɱӺرȻҡҵİ취Ҫģ
һ㶣漴Ц취һһ½ܵ˼û취
̫ӵ£½ֱ۷Է˰벽㲻ؿֺҡ
ʮּһ仰ȴͬʯҽСԭأɶʧ촽˶ò૵ǿֺãֻ롭úô㡭
½תᲽպЩɲ˼
ĻҺܸɾʲôҲҪֻҪҵ½úõģҸԸһж㣬ŲšҶ䡣
Īأ½Щʮջ̨ǰЩȿա
֪ǣһĻס
ǰľ飬½ԭкøеģһ¶һֱǾܾ̬
Ȼգ½ܿԼݵľٴ룬¶˱¡½ĵʵбزס
½վ̫ˣԽ鶯ԽҪܾĽӽ⣬ҲģԸ½кصİ⡣
궼Լжˡվ½ȥķɵЦ˺ܾúܾá
Դ𣬸£ʱʱЦ½ζ£˲õ
ʱҲ룬½ǰ˵ԼСʱ˼ˡôϲԼʲô
˼ȥõһ𰸣Լʱģò
ΪӣСҲϰʦý˶ʣϲ׵٣Ҫһꡣ
Ҳ½ܵĵطɣֻǽĶ书ķˡ
ǽӣÿ峿ᵽ԰ȭһˣҪһ
ǰʱйϾڴϢ;вɱһ
ǸľګģͬʹʮɹרҪ֡òӦԣüζ㵽
ǴСĹ򣬺ʤ֮һðͷ˼ʮغϣ˫ֲ١
ڣ귢һһֵסԷ˫ֵĹƣһֻսֿ׼˶ԷؿڡаգֻҪ̹ȥֱʤˡ
ѵһʤ׼ĥöǡͣڶԷǰǰȴͻȻһףʲôڵסߣȫȻ޷
ǶƮʱĽѵؿڡ
ȥڵ֮ﾹһƬѩ׵̧ͷйȻɹһֺֻİ
ŭƣֽһҽ㿾ˣ
û׼ֻȴ˼ŵòᣬ£˷еĹ켣һȥ͸ĩˡ
֧Ųסϻ䣬ȴǿּǳ𣬱һųѸ
ϵһ޷ײϣצӶպݺݻȥٿһѪۡ
˻
۵õһץҪʰȴϲֽȡֽҪչ˭ҵͣס
ڱ߾ʱ½дֽϣƺҲһֻ
л˵
ðQAQ


31 
һ ֻŵĪ½ġ
ԥƬ̣վüʧַ Ͽǰȥϴ ½ں Ҳ̫ԼҲˣ ½Ļܵʲôء
ˣ¶ģ ˫ֻŰ ȥ½ܵӡʱʮһ½ܻҪӦԡ
ϲŽţ½ܵĿ⿴ ȱע⵽еİ üͷʱ
ôˣ½ߡ
һ¡Ͻ⵹׼õĵǸԭ˲ٽڣ жΣ ½ǰ˵ġ֪ܸĪɡ Ҳ½̹ף ʵҡ
Ļ½ܴˡ
Ϊǻһ䡰ʲô£ Ҳ㡱 ߡҪ ֪ͺá Ҳǡ˺飬 Υʵǡ㵱ҩɾȡá
ȴһ䡪
Ҵ򣿣
ĳȵס
½һֻ񣿣
Բģ̧ͷԷδ˰չ¶½
½ȫȻδüͷȥȥȥ
òáȥææܳȥʱ˽š
һӺ󣬸԰˿Ĵóҽģ߽ӣ½ëϵѪۺ
ƣڲδ˵ްֻƤ
½ܵԷЩͷ鷳Щϣ͡
ȴȥҩˣչ˵ֿ½ܵĲգͷԲҲģǴ
ֺȻЦ˵ǱԷҲһ£ƽˡ
ӵˣɲֹˡ½ע⵽Լ˴Լԩ޳ĸ꣬һ䲻Щʣֺ֮ͬģֻ÷һ䣺ȥҩɡ
ֻһ䣬㹻Ļŭš½ܵġġЦճ½ܾա
Ƭ̺־̫ɵͳֽڶԷϣôֻҢİɣ͵Ϣôָ췢ģһҲû
½ܽӹֽƳһǰˣ֪ʱԼڳ
ȥҩ
½ܸġҩ֣ܸһա
ͣ¶ůڵģȫ޶⡣½첻ţչ˰񣬵Ҳ⡣
Ңõְֲֻ֣Ϣ˵ΪҪһֻһûʲô
½ԡͰСʱɢں⡣һ£Ʈˮ̿յͨ죬ʮʡ
½鲻ڵ߽ʱҲûöˡ
˴ѷɴǲõЦȴδ˿˥½ǰͬɴ񣬸˵Բ𰡣СҲСģŪӡģһչ㣬ֱȬġ
½ԭдҢõĻţԱ̧֮䵲һ£չ˲
ίͰ͵˾䣬ת½¡
½ܽҲʲôˣдţֱСĵһ䣺½ܰϸҩô
½תͷԼǰǫĺӣǰǸĶħǲһˡ
½Эˣù޻պϷϣʲݵĨһ¡
ıǾȣǼҸ˷ܵƺҪʮ־ʡ
½ܾĪתͷȥдԼšôǵʱһʱȫע¹ϣʱ򣬷޹ء
д꣬ȴŸˡ
겻֪ʱĿϣ鰲꣬΢΢ţʲôΡ
ԶԶ½ܵķΧüͷŶ˷ţҸ˿鱻ӣŰȥƫЪˡ
ŲʧָۣҩĵطЦ۽üȫǱеϲãȥɵɵַ·ˡ
½ҩϣΪǱӡ
ֻ½̫ˣ󾹶ȥƫңһδ׼ɡ
ġ
ҹ·ֻص˰ŽСҹϡͨ̿յ㣬ůʡ
½ϣ󱻸α˫ϥ౻̶ֿһεĽǶȡ
ʱľɢңշ죬ͷĺһεε˳źûԳ֣ӯӯ۲ʢĪ㺡
ǰ˶촽Ƶ꣬ӺܶǰҾĶˡҺ㡭ҪҪҡ
ͻȻһĻ꼸Ҫˣǿҵĳ嶯֮࣬Ҳͷһᡣ
½ܵǳһǣ૵ҪԶߣҲٸ㣬Ҳ뿪
ǰƺȥ½ܵȴ޴˵Ƣԣҧ´Ť֫壬﷢ʣʲô
ˣΪ˿£ǰȥȻգûеȵĴУȴֻһ쳣ʵȡ
Ȼѣ˯ǰϣ֪һ
꣬һźвʵһҲʵǲ½ʵģ֮ܺ½һҲ¡
õгãŷԼ¿㡢ϱӺ´һˣɫ΢ȥʱ콫ףƫҵŽգ˼ȫ֪
ŵ´ӴһѾ˱ڻû˿ˡ
½ʱͷϣݣ˽źʣϵĴޱȥˣ
ǵ·šԣǴˣūŲδ
½ܲδֻԸһ˶Ը
ʹӱ̫źģһ⻰ȰҪӣõ֪Ҳ¶ԴΪɵ
ɵȥ½ܿϣбͷΪҪں롣ģſűǡ
Էսսȥˡ
Ը˵½ҪȻϲЦտһ·϶˷ܲѡ
԰ʹӹյ½ڵӣƹ磬½ܲϣ̬ĿͣԶ续ü۹ǧַ顣
Ըóԣһʱԭء
ӵ
һԵʹӿȥһ䣬һꡣ
½Ըһ۽Ц⡣
½ܻתͷʹǰڰ֣ȥɡ
Ը״ϲԭ½˵Ҳ⸡档
½ָָ̧һϵļֽɡ
Ըȥչֽͬʱͱɫ
⡭Լô
ֽǽģ֪ȫòֻͷӯ᡹֣֪
ǡ
ȥţдΪġ½ܳٿ棬ҽ״г԰Ҳȱ©
Ը޽ºˮֽڷΡΡȡͷֽдΪһַˡ
ʱΪϵݽύ·ֶöࡣһ
ˣΪ˴ﵽĿģȻù˵İ취ֻҪûͲҢðӯˣҲû뵽ġ
ǣЩ½λ֪
ԸקקԼ죬Ŀ˸ⲻֽƬˡдģҲͷЩģû
½ܷ·Ԥϵ˵һ˳ӵӯ󣬹Ϊˡٸ׽ãѾˣȴδ֤дٷţΪָµʮ⣬Գһ֮֡
ǲֽҿһ۱ϳ֡ϣұšʱϣȻͬ
ЩԸȻ˶ڷﾹøˣû뵽½һϳ֡
ǱΪ˭£һһ׮ӶԵû¥λã֪ݸʹ¥⣬ɥǷֽھݸԱϣٲϣұȡҲ޷
ʱƺײ춯½Ϊ˼δᡣ
תͷԸֱضʱ˵۽Ǿžž۶ίںޡ
ô˺һͻȻ½ǰͨһ£ʵΡ½Ҷġ
ˡ
½ܿôӣܿĿ⣬º£
յҢõϢ֮Ըйأݶ֮ܵϵ
ԸͻȻ̧ͷĿⶢҿ԰һж㣬ǡҪ½ҡ
½Ц˵ұ㽫¥֮¸֪̫ӵ£ɱ㡣
ԷߵףҲһ½
½ǹǳƵԼλ˵ʵŵ
ԸʣֱȴԾɹţǽ˼µķԸΪݲӯᣬύԱ޼֡ңֻҪб£С
ڵΪҲ֪
½˼Ƭ̣ʣǽύУɽصģ
ɽأƺûУ֪Щ¶Ϊܵģ
½ܳĿԷ»ž
ٱʣ̧ͷſڣ̧߻ˣҽԸѺڶ̫ӵ𣬱㽫˵ĹϤٸһҵĻ˵ʵйȡ
ϣſڴĲʹӴӦʵһҲ¶ˡ
߽ʱһӺʹЩϣڵϵԸһץס죬Եû¥λãʵ
½ȫû뵽ֻԸŵö£͡鷿䱸ϣ͵͵ȥġ
괭Ŵͷ˫ֲ߬ȭĬãԸһ䣺ȥ
ԸѺߣ½˿渵Ϊαűӳ֣ȥϸϸԸ£ȴͨһ
Ҳǰ
½ֱֱһĿŸӵ󽥽ͷҲˣҸ
ȥ£ݶң˸֪ݰգ˵˾Ҫǲд˻
˵ġҡ
ۺУ½ܲ޹෴ӦҴԼµˡΪʱ̸£
Ϊͷøˣ֮ǻ¥ٺҶı
л˵
һ½û׸hhh
죨106ţ10㻹һ


32 
½ܲ⣺¥Һθɣ
¥·ͼֻһݣ ʹڶʱݸҵ˻¥ضǴй¶Ϣ
·ͼ鷿ʱ鷿ͨģ Լ ֻ½һұ϶½Ҫҡ
½һü ¥ͬкԵģ Ҫѡȡ
ҲҪ㣡ЩıΪ飬 ӵ
˵ ½صؿ¡
ȷްżҺͻ¥ǵôӺܾ֮ǰ˵ˡ
ϥǰ½ܽűߣȷԷǷ ֻԹԽ
Сʱ˴Һܺá˸ײң ҵĸףЩˣ ҪʲôʲôΪ Ϊڷ絲ĵط
ʮʱ ǳһжˡ½֪ĸҡ
½ܲĸ£ Щ漰ԼעѪĹȥ Ǿȥ
Ҳ֪ ĸ빬ǰ и÷ɾʺ ϵĶŮ ٹ⣻ҲңĸûԼ
ֱһι䣬ľҲСȥҲ±ңԥѡҡ
üͷ壬ʹüЩŤ
ЩѾмûˡΪ½ܱܳһʱ䲻ԸЩֱշ˾ĥĵȻ
ʱǱﳤĺӣľ֪˵ĸо½ˣһˡ
ıѿ½ң΢չңʲô㶼ݡǿ죬òƴƴմղˣ㡭
˶ʱֻҿи̫ӵͷޱȨĸʽ΢Ҳһӻ½Ļ֮£Ҳ뱣½Ҳڳӵ֮ء
ӵܣ¥ȫ̼֣вݲƻ𽥳ͣΨһı£ΨһǿĶ
죬ڻ¥Ѫ֪ʧȥһСһȻ½Щڶȴͼϡ½ԭǼټ¥֮Ҳ
ҵ½һʼңҲģһжΪ˼
ơ½ߡ
ڴŴȷơλɹƲ⣬ûѡҲƷ
ұһΣ˶ѧΣҲõȴˣΪʲôң첻ұͲֵñ˰
ĳޡҸú˭ץס½ܵ½ǣʣ˿ɺޣֻ½ߣա⡹ضҺãֻܺ㡭½ҪȥҵøԼһֻܺ㡭
ҲΪԼѣµĹҶϡֻҲһĺ㣬ֻǴʱץһľҿұԲģ
˵Щ½ܴΪ
ڷԼģжඪˣֱӹãִ˺ü£ƽ
ˣԸĻѵֻ½ܽھ
ͷ½֪ˡպұ㾡ȫúô㣬ԭô
㾡ȫúôң½ƽ뿪
һ촽ϰ˵
УҪֻһ߾ٰ㱨֮ٶҪ⣿
忪ʼ
ԭ¡½Ŀǰɨ˵Щгֵ־ֻСԭˡˡ
϶Ļˣ衢ʧΪ֮ĽᣬٽҿҲֵֻһ䡸ԭˡ
ܿѵݰգ½ܲηסЩӣԶǡûʸԭ㡣
½˵գߣȴϹŵץס˽긩̧ͷۺԹ½Ҳ𣿡
½ЩΣعͷ̫ӵ¹ʲôæȥĪҪҡ
еĹԽԽȴʮּᶨԭعã½ҵĳ⣬ԭңұﲻˣ
㡣
½ת鷿ٲ
½ܵȷ͹˴˵ĳ⡣
ţ½ܳ£ÿҪ˵ЩϴĻĵúܡ֮Ȱ½޿ָ̣ſڵҪȥͷ
ѸߵģϾδůȥʱҪû뵽ԲģİķԸȥ⡣
̫ӹУⳡ治̫ÿȰȴ˭ҲûȰͨͨ½ܸ˳ȥ
½徲ˣм춼ûţҲûͷϢĥݵ£ǲݣֻûڳеȨԴ̰ٺȷûʲôð취
ȻԸԣ뷨¼ԴͷκˣԸǺϵһ
Ը˲٣ȴΪºü꣬Ҫ־ûôס
ҪҸסͱͨꡣ
½ܻǺܿ˼棬ǹ¡
ܸ̹˺ԵɣЩ˺еطˣһ֣Ҳı̬ȡ
Щ½ӣ̫ӵſڡȥˡ
Ŷ½ͷҲ̧
𣿲ȥһۣ
½Ƴһۣδñδãҿʲôû¾ȥɡ
ʹӱҪߣһתȴסȵȣ˵˺ʱѣ
ûû˵
½ȥ
½ԭȽڻףǰľ飬׻ᵣʱͿ˳µ
Ƚûˣ˯ϸʮ£ƻֻա
֮δ˭Ҳ˵úʱӣ鲻á
½߽ңʵĵһ仰ǣʱ
Ǵæڳһʹӣ⡭ίʵ˵¹̫ãϥ裬鼰ȫˣҲǼ죬£꣬ҲѲ˵
½ܿϵˣؾһڱɫȴûкѿ½ǰ̽̽ҽֻԶȴҲֱóⲢ쳣
ɫȻһѵùұ㲻ˡ˵žߡ
½ӵȵȣܵǰͷסǸҡҸղſˣ**ʺã㺮㲻ʲôӦûձˣ
½վסŲʣΣ
Ҫչˡ
ʵػ
ͷðԼͼԷ֣ٺֻ࣬ûش𣺡ֻѪҲʲô
½ջĿеķصͷǱ֪һ
Ȼǵһ֪ġ
½뿪ϵĸۣ˸ϳӣϲ¶ȣЦ
½Ȼںġ
ں죬Ļ赹ˣʺã˯ϼʱˡ
뽫¸֪½ܣ˵Щû뵽½ܲţװͰ͵ģߵ
ⲻ½ְܵˡĲԭûλרλᶣԼ
ۣ˫гһ죬䡣ڻĴкƱ˸ˣֽڶϣĴͬ˵촽
ƣڡ½ܡǾ˫ı۽ϣһǡ
þó´档
л˵
С½Ǻǡ
Ϊϼӣ´θʱ10823㣬3£׵ʱ
֮ȶոֱᣬ׷·տʼһ=W=


33 
 һȽڡ
ͬǰһǼסͬǣڴ֮ǰδյκϢ Ҳûǰǹɱ˵ļƻ
Ϫּ룬 ±ϣصԺԼһа׵ 뾡ȥ
 æ鷳һһŪͷö ⲻԭ̫ġ
ŵ·߾ɶԺ Ͼôɣ·ˡɢĸꡣ
Լλܵûʲôɫ񶼲УֻͷߡȴڽסࡣȻ ҵһ⡣
ء
Ҳŵʱ ֣ڶЩ㣬 Ҫͬꡣ
ûм־ܾ ȥǼ䳨 ȴ֪ǺΪӲͨ͸֮ؼ˵硣
ɷ羰ױĵ롣
 ֻܺģ ڹ塣ױæ Ϊ Ӳ֪ǰ˰
֪ ˶Ȼᱻơ꾭Щ£ Ͳ£״ɲҲ̫ƽץ˸ϸǶſͣԸ͵Ҫ˭֮˵Ǽ˵ɲЦ
ȻһЦ磬ϵðɣ
ɫһεسǣҡôϵãԸš
Ҿ˵Ǵڰܻ껰죬˵˸δãɱҲá
ɱҪɱ̧߻֮ͽҥСˣ
겻Ų裬ָ磬ûңڶΪҽ˽ɶ紦ãҪɱҪҶܣΣ
֣ʲôֱɱ˾ǡ
Ȼüۼ䶼Ц⣬ζˣǴ˾Ͱ˵Ĵá
ţͣ㹻ʱԷڣȻײδͣϣģ価Ƕ̫ʧȥ֮Ȩķ̡
װӦţڼԸ£Է̬ȶı䡣
һʱ֮󣬸˶ԷմմϲԸ˽ͳ
Լһ磬ԸӵĻɶˣ
߳ȺͷŭԸ嵽ǰ£޵
˭˵ҪɱˣڲġƲƲ죬½˵Ȼӡ
Ըʶ࣬ߵ׵Ѿ壬ԵΪЧ
⻰صͷһ԰ȥ½ɡ
½ܲԸȥԸ硣Ըǰֽظһ飬̾ǼȻڶɱҡ̫ӵ¶ȰǲϡЩͣվǴ
취½ģӸ껹ɫ½ҲǼ£˽Ϊˡ
ֻԸ˵ϲ˵֣½ܾñŤԷһ䡸ʲô¶֪޲ԡʣʱΪҪ˳ʳר̿ңʱ졣
Ըһ㶣漴ͷҵȷ½йǷ֮롭Ǹڲˡ֪½ҡ
½Ϊ⣬ǰǸǿһüƲߣ˳ϿҵسϺ͵Ǹ
ֱ˺һ䣺ҡҲ̫ͬӵ
˵ʲô½üһ
ģǸӣҲԼ˼֪ûǸ֡
̫ӽô˵ģ
ǣһ֪ԣ½Լ첻ô
½һ㶣Ŀ˼꽫Ϊӣԭֻһ²⡣񣬼Ȼֵ˾֪Ҳˡ
ԸҲֻⲻԣæɽأ¼ǵΪǱߵˡ
ŵĶԻ½ܳȻˣдŰɡ

ݳ⣬һСӹٱ׷˳ǣڸĽҰѰһ޹ֻ㬻سǡ
ҰĳˮԱߣ˼°ȥϲݸ˺ͻΧտյ˿
ԴӯṩΪκμҵֻ˳ѲǴȥģֵ̼ĻǱݡ
ߣݹٸͨȻ㲻ҳţͼʽżϽʱϳйٱҿܵÿ죬ÿζǽΡ
ڳˮһӻͳһš
Ըſɲףշת֪˲ŵϡʱ̫ԸԹ˲ϾٴķԸ
Ȼȴ˵Ըڶֻ̫ҪǮۣͿԲɥ
Ϊϲ⣬󿴣ȻġûѡӣһҲٹˡ
ɽأʶع٣һܷЩ߰ɣ
Ϊ⣬ҵطдȥˡҪдһģһݼɽأһݻøԸףҲ֪ʲô׵ġ
ºݡ
ֵǣ̰޵ѪǮڴʲôƴɶκʷҷ壬ȴٴգָ˵
ɽһ׳ʮغۼݰգûıũߣһ顣
ָ˵
˷
´²˳٣ڱɽմ
Ӧһţɽϳȥ
һɽȣͷɽ½źӣպʺ촬׹أϾѡַʱϵ˽˴
ϵɽ׷óסɽϵʯͷȥһȦȻǹٸĻϾޣӴĶ黹Ǻܿ
Ƿŵһڿأ۵ΧΪ֮˵ȼӣͶĶ
ȵȣ
ͣһ룬˵Ŀתɽϣиһֽκʷ֮б䣬ȱ֣
ݹٸĹ£ˣⳡ󰸲Ÿոտʼ
ȻͷСſھۼ˼գҪǹ
˴ԹĹ涨漰ܵİҪģ빫ֻаȥٸùͷҲûô˿ŵ
֪ݿһˣΪ
Ϊ֪ƵĹϵǰѽҹᷢ¸ԭ浽ֳ󣬼ʱСװյֳסЩ
ǹȻãΪ֪ݶ˵䣬֪ݱǵ޲ףţԺɡ
ʱձҪܿ죬Ժվˡˣڿʼ״ºˣ״ˣΪ£
˱㿪ڣ¬ϣɽˣ˵״ʷκġ
ǰκסɽأͬ塣ĳգ񸾽Ǯȥģ˵ѧ˳ǧİ취Ҫȥĳƣ񸾷ֳɡ񸾲棬ָһǮϼպ˵Ӯ˲٣Ϣһ룡ֽ輸ΣδϢ񡣡
һ˵¿˶ĳ񸾽ʮӣ˵ձض˫ǰ׬ǮҧҧɷεʮӶ
û뵽˵ڶʹӴʧˡǿȫŹӰ֪ݴˣʱĽҶţͷκĵǩƾоݣ
м˿ʼŮڶޢ֮㱻κĵƭܿ˶ӣκȴˣСɼһʬ
ұߵ˽κĵԴγãʹĵʧص¡
䶼ɽأڲͬĴӣڴ֮ǰǲϵá
ǽ֮ʱԺһƬȻǵķŭԭŹٸ뵽˳κġ
ʣƾݣκкã
ԭǵκĲﶼӦָǣ⳥ʧ
Ϊ֪ݶ˵䣬̧߻κĲȷڹٸܾǡٸٰոŶݹɣݹٸҲҪ⳥٣ʧĲϸָɡ
˻һͷİǲԼһΪʲôСԭκĲʲôöǻôĻΪٸ⡣
Ϊ֪ʱֻ˰˵пˣܵǲ˰ɡһϷ
Ⱥվ˵Ͼɽˡι¬ϣ㣬ɽһм鱦ӣ
¬üش𣺡ɽסʮ꣬ûʲô鱦ӡ˼ҵСò𡣡
ʵ˳ҵͷ
Ϊԭ棺κǸˣ͹ٸʲôô
¬ϵǾǸҡײƭĵƦåʮ˭ô˵ҲϢƭˡҲΪٸСʱ׷£ٸɱңû˹ˣɲÿƭô
˵ٸȻʮޣ˵Ҫ
ѲϵĻǱģΪ˱ٸ
ݵĹԱס
ۣͷ֮ڷδжۣմ֮£ݻɡ
Ϊʱһ䣺ٲܣǷ˽ٸص¸ñ¶ˡ
ܿ죬µİ±ӣʧӰ١

ˣůůչڷ˼
ԽԽֻ½ܵ塣ʱһ㷢ȫ
˿ůĶ¥ů泯ϣ̿ﻹҪʡ
ַһ־Ѱ뿪ǺҪȥĵطµٲôˡ
ԭ͵磬¥µơ߽һ½
½֪µİհסˣ곯֣ü۴Ц
½ܵŶһ֪ˣҢøġƽܶƵ£һΣǺܸˡ
һΪƽϢĻҡǣȨͷ⣬Ǹܻǲһġ
ӣȻֻǡ·Ȼ˷·𿴵߲Ƶģੲݣ⻹Ҫл½㡣κĵ£ٰծȥݸƻ֣֮㹦󡣡
½֡Ŷһ䡣ϰ߸ֺãŲϲҲᷳȫûˡ
߶Ҳһݹ͡취ҺһģҲ½һԶҪѧϰ
½ڻһ䣺̫ӵ¸ˡ
ڨЦŶҪȥҵЩʱ˰ǵĹ͸ˡ
ĪҪ̫磬֮²δκйٸһɶô빬󡭡
֪Ҫ½ǰͽ̹ˣһ˲ɣڰ֣ȻһЦһ
˵űԶһͷֻܿůϵˡ
½ЦһҪȴзһֻ
ֻβʹëһأһ֪ܹˣǰЩ½ϵֻȻȬ
Ңõֻϵص㲻ˣ½ܻǵһμŻҵģϳ˸顣
ȡϵֽأ΢΢
˵һ˷ɢڣ´Ǯ˻װ֮ؽá
һжãʱ˽ӻֵˡ
ǶʮҢþӢӱ߾ձҪﾩǣ;ǾݵһӲƲУֻҪҵʵĻᣬܰȳѨ
½Ŀ԰ɫУرش˴Ҹʲôأ
л˵
лĵȴ3


34 
ǬԪ һӼɳȻ˸˳ȥֻةڡ
رһ౾ ЦЩǼòģ ᡣ
ôࣿνšüͷַ ⶼʲô£ҲҪ
̾а Сµʱ򣬴ûôӵݵ䰡ô˼
سȻʺˣ ̫ӹһˣ ѡ
ʲô췴ɣһ౾һˣЩˣ޼ǹŴ£ Ǿû˱
شף ץˡ
ơһ ˭֪´κʱңǡ
̫ӵµ
ͨ κһ ã鷳ӹȥ
߽ڣ ĶƽʱһЩ ʣ ʱ񰸡
ἰ£ õǫƣ 죬 ʱнչ
ǰٴμᣬԤյٸڽĴǡʱ˼գ״¶ײκģֱ˸ҡײƭ֮ˡڲκĵ飬ɢȥˡ
ζ˶٣ȻЦкá
ԭнչѾֻ޲ףЩպɲɵģƫʱ
Ȼֻɡǰϼļдճ̰ţ½ԸдţΪɽдš
֤ݣֻΪ֤һֳɾ͡
ѵĿֽ꣬һģЦ˼á
˱ƽʣ㲻ټ˾ˣݵкθϵ
ûʲôϵüҾģܹ¡ҶæȳֺõС£ɡ
ֺáôЦ˼ԼԼǺȸͣβʣ㾹ϵݵˣ
ζǰڱ߾һʶһҲϡ档ԶĳЩˣȫݶĶཻΡ
ûѻҲˡĶཻΣȴԳ¡ʱµĿģԶ׼
Ǹοأһ̧°ͣȥͷˣ޿̫ͣڱ߾³嶯ڶ˼ʮաԴʮ˾⣬ɶͳơ
һڱ߾ʧһʱ嶯𷣼ȻǱ˼Ȩͻġ
ףⲻֻǸζ֮µĽǶǰ⼸Ŀ϶ϴӦôɣ¶Ըײ⡣
ܾûˣվһΡߵͷȥлʱȴǡ
Ѿû˼֮Ȩܶ¡չܱ߾ô˴͹֮һʢ̺塭
ô½ǲǾͲƲˣ
֮ڣ½Ңͨ˺üţȷ֧Ԯ֮˵ʱ䡣ֻһᡣ
죬½дš·ůӿ˸죬Щ΢
дţԺﴫ⿴һۣȴϤףǳ͢ĹԱ
ɻ󣬳Ÿȥ
Щһ·ߵ԰е滷ˮʱ־˵ĵط칫
ʱȻ½ûȥʯ̨ϣ㣬˳¡
ȴĻЩףظƹպգǰһ֮׸ƣڸǰ׺һͨ
½ˣΪ֮µĽ´
½Ϊ˴ɱģ뾹ذػȨѲ֪ǶǴһٴλľǸܷ꣬һ
Կ϶һĸǰͬˡڸЩʱգûдǰǿȡ衢ʦ棬Ǵתԣ䱩һصøˣ
½ѽ½˼ţȻ
߳վ½ߣסȴͣڰַ£µ죬ȫ½һûúлһΡ
½תã̫ӵ£㽫Ҿڴ˴Ϊ
һ㶣漴˼Цϴθֻðˡ
½ϵ˵һҴǰϣɱ㣬㵹˵˵ΪҪҺã
ҡ
ǰƺң°ҾڴˡмһڶҺã
ҭסû˵ͷ
ʵ˵ɡ½ȥеĺ⣬½һ߲ЩʲôֱǿڵȻ򲻹㡣
Ϊ㸶ʲôת˭ĿôԽǲҴԽ˻ĳ⡣
֪ΪΣǵͨ죬ͷ÷³һ䣺ҡ˵
˵꣬ƺ仰ҲǸ⣬æҪաţʮΣҽաǻطҡҸ
ط½ʣʲôط
ɽϡ
ʱ
ҹ
Ǻá½ܾúû˵ˣ㴩ߣҲлңҲΪ㣬ǵݰȰˡ
һ΢ϵ鱾ҳ졣½ǡþĿżȻĳһҳϡ
ؽסͫ׷Ŵ
½ϲ¶ǷϸǸΪ˾˾дģͷоֹػľٴ롣
ǣΪλõ仰
ŷ˴ǣǳǺŷ˴ˣ˺
ǰ½ܸձ͵ʱдеԭ䡣
⻰½Լģûκõ䡣ʱУ뿪δʲô־䡣ôֻһֿܡ
ǰ꣬һǰ硣
Ծ̧꣬ԸվһԣǳǳЦš
½ȴͻȻһģ
һ˲䣬½ŵζŽСѬ㣬̿Ľ²̻ǵĺˮ޿ײ㣬ڱ塭
½һθǰ׺ݵĸǰʱ϶Ϊһ
½һҲ˹תߡ
Ǹĺ˵ԾôˣҪչơ
ѹǰ꽫ƵǽǣķǵϢʱһ
ļգض˼½ܶ԰徲ա
Щ췴ԡɾúܣܾԼʲôණƶϴϴϴƵġ
ʱص㱻½дҢã֪굽ʱԼ԰ͷΧĶࡣˣǴʱ뿪ûᡣ
Ҳ˺ܶ£ΪЩľһ͡
ǰû½ܵĻԳݣ»ңһʼչػ˵ͨ
˵ͨǣȻǰٰĥһֽ˴ͬôǣΪγٳٲ϶֣
ѵǰһҪĸԸȤζҲ뷨вһζֺкô
ѲԼǰ˵Ͷ⣬˰ɣ
½ܿʼǰЩΪ˸겢ǰѹֲʸжͿ֪ˣݺݳԽֺãԽҪ
½ѷѧ¿Ȼûзŭ⡣ΣҲ޹ء
ģֻ뿪˵غңɽˮǶˡ


35 
ʮգ 絽ţͷºŨصˮڿС
Ǹ꡸˼ĵʮգ ȥ½Լʱ䣬 Ҫ絽
ڳǵĳϣϻһҪ˵¡
Ǳ̨ʵģ òϣ ʹЩûʵ˵ֻǲԼôģ
ʲôĸ飿
ʱգ ԼҲ˵ˡֻ֪ Ǻĸ顣
ͣԶԶģԴƬ½һϹҰͷɽһ·Ķп
ʱص ص᲻ǲʱ
ʱ־ã Ҳܺá
ǳĵģ½ܷǰֳܾ ܴҵ෴֤ݡ
ֻǰ½˵Ļ£ ǰĳ飬 һܽһֿ˵Ļ
Ƕһ֣ˣ
һ뵽Щ ЩѳֲסȻٶ½£ ǿȡ¶´棬 ½ܴϵ˽¶ȡʱ
֮ Щܿٴγ˰ɣ
պЦ Ըɽµ·ڣ ԼɽȥⲻǸСɽҲޣ뱻š
ɽһƬؽΪʪءһմ࣬ǰһ
ΧĻԾظ档һ½ܸ˻ĻӦѴ˰ǣԷ˱ʾƬҲкܶôǲǲ̫ã˼ɼ
̫ԣڽŲܽ˲ŷ֡
յ½ǳֻ°ûôҲж½ǷɵķģȻøɾ䣬ʵǰһ
Ͽñ飬һЦЩ˵뷨ӻͳӣٵ½ǰ½ŪϣҿҲ
ǰʱ½ȥġֻΣϲۡ
½Ȼ
ֵŪѣ½䣿
½Ȼǲ
˸ûȤԼߣûί½ͬһˡ
½˸׸ɾĵط£һξ룬˵ɡ
ԼŲȥߡֱץ֣һ䡣
ٵǰһģ̵ϴңΪΪСƺ㣬ȴҪá
½㲻֪Ϊ㱳ҡֺʱԼжѹ
ҵļƲߵȷҪ㣬δҪءֻΪͽٰӵԶ޷ҡ뿪ңԶҡ
ʱ޶˴Ͻ¼մ²ʪĳ̶ȣ꿴½ܵԼϻŸ멣㽫ѷһϣ˳Լ߰˰
½ܲδֻü㾿Ҫʲô
ҪüԼ޹ĵŶԷõ̧һһ䣬½Ҫ㡣
һЦ½󿿣ᵭˣβ֣
һ漴׶Էʲôг
½ܾãԼ̰ͼɫô
Լôˡ
ĵ׷һ㱯ˣҧ´ǿЦ½ˣҪ㡭ȫҪϲŭ֣ҪĹȥͽҪķ⣬ҲҪľҪҪС
ץס½֣ܵʲôҪֻԼһж͸㣬¡
½Ŀԭֳֽ졣
Ļ׽һ飬ǲ˼鰮ֻЩ´ǰֻ븴У̸ֻμװδʵģӲйء
ǰɸڲƭûСƭӼ˵óŵĻҲиôı顣뵽Щ층ΪȷõĽ͡
÷˼ѧԵĳУôĻ⣿
ɫԣȴתǧء˼ûע⵽Ǻʱġ
һ˵껰㿪ʼˣ뿴½ܵķӦȴʲôûС
°ϲ½ˣǲ֮ڿڵġδƾܣǱǸĻӦ
Ȼ½öһЩ
ţԽԽŴ멵ֿ½ܼϣǰԷӵøͣ΢΢ͷ½ܵ˫
˫ûʲôѪɫŰףƫƫΪˡҹȴе̣һðŻǡ
ʱԺеĻٴγ֣Ҳ֪һǻžըӺȻǰһֱ̽ѰǴȥ
ž
մʹͬʱ˵һƬ̣סѪ
úݡ
̧½󣬲ʼԼçײŸոձļΪ˳ס
æǸ½Բҷ̫һʱ鼱
һʱ鼱½ת⣬Ѵ멵ô˵ҵľ**Ҳһʱ鼱Ұϣһʱ鼱ˣ
ԭҪȥ½֣ܵȴȻڰա
˵Щǡǰ¡
Ϊ֪Щ
ʲô
Īǡ㡢Ҳ
ҲǰҲЩ䣬ЩƿҺ޲ôδ¡
ӽǵһʲôǵá
񱻰ǹվǰ֮нûɫΪѿ죬û˵
ͷʶ࣬ӦǸ뿪ɡ
ƫǸʶˡ
½ĶĻֻԲ٣Ҫ뿪㲻
֮ǰǿΪ鰮֪ǰԹⲻҲã͸üʱ֡
ִءץ½ֱۣܵסĶ޷ԿصغҪߣ˵֪Ҳãǲֵģ
ڴ˺ܶ£ԭģ㡭ҽһ𣿡
ϴβǽ͹ôʲô˵ģ
½׻Լֱۡ
Ŀɽ£½㻹ǵôһġ
½ܵȷǵãʱСҹģйصĺܶೡǵá
㻹ǵãʱͬ˵ʲô𣿡
½ܲǵˡ
ʱ㡭촽Ըҵ̫
ЦһʣҲЦشûϡ
ֻԼ֪Ҷϣġ
½Ľʱ䣬Ҫá
ʮ꣬ұҵĻʹĻֱۺ壬Ȼһĸܡ
ʱҲ֪ʲôֱ֮ļУҷμס
Щ̫ÿÿҴɱԼʦߵ׳ͽҳپһҹԻС
սʤЩԶȢҲ֪Ϊ˭
С¶μģֻǴζѡ
ԺҺ޵ҧгݣҲ᲻˺¡
Ұߣ뽫߸ϵ½̫ƶקһǶɾ˭Ҳ˭
뿴ĸԸضҸ׳ƳֻҪ㹻΢޷뿪ңԶҵġ
Һ㣬Ҫй⣻Ҳ㡣޽֮֯£ŤɵʱǸӡ
½˺ܶ£Ҷδʮʮ꣬ûһ첻㣡
Ļ΢΢Ŭѹ½ǰʧ̬
ǰ½ڶǼ£֪½ܴʹ࣬Լֺγʹ
Ҫ˵֮һδεʧȥľĻںޡ
񣬳˼ĺ˾ǰȴֻܷڳҪߡ
ͷʲô⣬ҵڶαѺ̳ʱģ
ʲô
ˣ½վҪˡ
һţѵʳ½ǲ𣿡
½ܵ˵ϳ벻ΣǺָ飬Һθɣ
ʱɽһഫһ
һ죬ô¡˶ˣ벻İ취׾½ǰһֱֱ
½㣬ߡһжҵĴԸҿΪκ£ֻ㲻Ҫ뿪
һִģ͵飬ҡ
յưô꣬ͻȻ¡
ɽǰĴ·Ңþðû·ҰɽһмʮԶԶ㿴½Ǳߣ˸е
½üͷ΢Ǻ̫ˣǲסͷȥɽµűɽϳ
ҢҲסˡҪ˵ıռϷ磬ָء
½һ˼⣬㿴һ۴ͷĹٿһ۵Ϲĸꡣ׹ǰͳذףڸ겱ϡ
ʱĸУӦסɽ´󺰣ǵϣ˭ǰһͻѪ
ЩסһҶ
ת½ܣߣǰȫ뿪ҾͰˡ
ʱиע⵽ⲻ˴̫ôǰɱûɱɣ˲ٵ֡
˶в˽ţôõĻᣬɱ
ЩȻһЦˮ޷̧ͷһһ½ɱ㰲ģͶְɡ뿪Ҳûʲôֱ𡣡
½ԭվһûָ˴ߵ춯ְɣ밡ڷŹҪǱô죿
ݣߣͷβֻһʲô£
˵ʱ½ڻͷ
ȻеΣİ֮˶ӣĿ⣬ﾹ˼ɬǸˣ½ԭ𣿡
ѲԹ֣Բ̸ԭ¡½ܱȥ΢΢ͷĿ⴩ǿվǰ֮Ȼ˭ƽϡԭ£ԼĻңݡ˿Ըԭ㡣
׼˻ƶƵĻǣ½ǰڶǼ£㡭㶯ĵģ
ôô׾ˣŵ𣿣
½ϣɨһۡ
˵Ļɡ
תͷͬʱ꿴Լϵĵ˻ȥϱһơ
˵Ļ
ԣ½ܲδģԼصЩαװĻ롭
½ܴʼգİ
ڱУȫ޷֮˵ɽϣ޿κε¹䡣
޿κεɽĻ֮ɫӰнԶ
ֱҹμ
ӴˣȻ
겻ǵһʧȥˡ
ǵһʰ֮󣬶ԷȴͷҲص뿪
ѾԼһС
Ȼڡ׵׵ʧȥˡ
л˵
´θʱ10910㣬Ժָÿ10


36 
º Ǽ
ûõĶ׺ݺһӣָµˣԼҲˣ ô£ǲ鵽㣬 鵽ӯᣬ֪ʱͻ鵽ͷϣ
µΪվšڱ߾Щʱպ ΪԸõͨ飬 ޴ȥֻûؾľ
ӯ£¼㲻 ڱ߾̫࣬ Ҳᱻ̫һͷ˾¾ڲ¡Ϊ֮ƣΨг׽ݽҡһУ
һС׹ȻٹΪר˼ ǰݵͷ˰ ˣȻҪǮң ֲһѻ
Ϊǰ ѹͻ¸ϻؾʱ;ݣ ǱһسߡҺôƳҩ ߲δӱס ²ʣˡ
ô¡ȵȣ ˵׵ͻȻһ ݵĲˡ
ΪЦˣ 죬 ߲㴫ǻɽҰ룬ʲôô򣬸Ʋβķӡʱ򡭡
ã֣ȥݣ۹
ĵݶֶѡһҴмͻȻͷȡк򿴲ãûվһˡţĴҲƵĲˣҩȴ޷ӡ
ʮڣϰˡٸֻýǸϵһ
δݳֺȻɽʯ嵽·ϣһһƬٵⶼӰ졣
Ǯ;Ը¹´£޹ٵҪǮȥ޴׳޴׳Եɣһʱˣù
Ǯ;ˣȻˣǮóغɲܲˣߵֻҪóһСܰ·ϡ
ͲǾ䡸֪ﵽûаա˵ˡ
޴׳Ҳ𣺡Щ˴Ĵ˵ĶҿɲʲôȱǮȱûĸ㣡
Ǯ;ϳȥִŴת˼Ȧﻹһˡ
֪ͬڽ䡣䵣˸֪ͬͷȴûʲôֻǸ޴׳¡
Ҹ巢ɧߣǸʲôȻѱٷˡ½ܰ£Ҿ֪ôһ졭Ҫǿ½ܰݶϣһ
ҳһ
һæȰ֪Ǯ˴ˣԹӸǳòһȥǮݲô
޴׳߬˫ȭ֣ݾֻݣû߸ݣ˴࿹ưˣ
ҧгһĿļ磬ȵһ죬ʵۣҵĸ֡㲻ˣһҪɱ⣡
ûĻĬƬ̣ϱַ߲˼ݡΪҪٱ
Ǽ߲֮޴׳˴¾ģڰֵٸˣҲǻЩصġеġźò˵ģϵɽ˾ǡҲΪݵİա
⡭
ðɡ
ſڡͬʱתͷǳɫĹӣپ¡ɫᵭٸ߸緭ɣէһ£Ѳ׵Ĳ԰ס
½ӣȾϲؽг
޴׳ü½ܣʲô
˵Ҫɱˣұˡ½ܵĻûʲôµ֪ݣɱմ˭жӼ㲻ԸݣĪҲڶݲ˵ҽˣ
޴׳УȷʵԼãպ׷档ûطֻǵطٶʲôãԽԽ࣬ҩΣҽҲװ°
½ܵݲó߲Ĵ򣬵˴ȱǰߣǱƵҩ˴Ԯת
޴׳šüѺ˴ѣĿϰæ
һ˾Ҿɲҳ棬ǻҼֱ档ڶ˰£ҲҪ豨ꡣμ۸ϵ
ûǮҪþȥ޴׳һֽʱдҸд飬Ҫ˴ҵβİ취
½ܶΪ޴׳һת壬ˣ͸²Ѱȥ
һ޴׳ı飬Ӧ
峿ķ紵ɢ۵ȶȣ½ܿ˴紦ݳţȾ
գȴż޵ѣͷ˼멣Ե˲ͬһڡ
ǰ֮ʱ£ԽԽηҲԸеůҹںš
̬ǰʹ˴˾
½ܴЩðյģ֪˾Ǻ¡ǰ˵ģ͵͵¾ǣ²ʶԽӲҪ㱨ȥ˴вݵİѱͳ˰ﵹæ
ţ˾ӴλĹԱӲҪͣ
½Ҳ⣬ҪڣȴȻ˸СǹԱ˵䡣ǹԱʱһЦ½ܵͷԵȣǳҪ
ǳǡ
½²⣬ԼǮ;뿪˾˼ˣ˾ݷֲٵĻ˭
ֱһʵĻ
½
˵⻰ʱܲȻۿź죬ʱƫƫЦŵġ
Цʱʲá
½ܼ죬üʣΪڴˣ
Ц½Ϊ˾˾ݷֲѲ飬к֣½λʱҲˣ
½죬һ̫ӣΪβھжգܵƫƧ֮
δʣһֱµ½Ϊʹݼ˴̫ӵ¡˷ǰʵѣߣȴǰ˴²Ԯ֣񡣡
һһĹԱݽ˾פ֮˸ߣܴ˴ܿأ˴Ԯ
ݺһۣɤӣ˴ԭͬһǹµԮܲܲˣ
Ŀ½ԣü䣬֪ԴںʱεأȾ֮к֢״
½ܴӻóֽϣм˹ߵ顣
ٿһ飬һֽŵݸļˣǿͷ֢״ǲƣ
Ȼˣ˷׷׵ͷ
ԸЩøǵĴƣȥǶҽݣǱߵĴǴݻģӦϵ֢״ǷͬͬߣϸݣҪǵķӣ
ӻǲɢˣ°ţݵߣΪܵ
ΪҪݣĻ̧ͷǰ˵ɫ䡣
걻ĪĻţڨЦȻ½ѧвӦĵ
Ѱҩǹ£ܳ˽顣ң㲢˽ԡ½óһֽݴӦṩһõԼ˴Ϊ£ݸ豨꣬Ϊ¡
꿴ݣȴòǿջЦ
ȻûЦһĪҡ
곹Цˣֻܳñ鲻ʧ̬½ɴû˵ѧ
ԤÿҸط֪ڱ߾£ѡݡ⼸£ݣݡ
ˣ㡣½ܲһ÷߳ԣʵ㣬ǽ֮ˣˡ
½һǰץס֡
ֺһ·˰ɣ½ҵů
½ܲɷ˵Լ֣ҴΪ£Ȼڹá̫ӵѰҩԻȡ
ͷ½ԶУݱˡ
ݻ½ȥҢ½ݽ⣬ȻªȴҲȫ
λص߾Ҫڸݱ񣬺ȥܸоϴҢѺﲻ˲˳ϾδҲδ
½˵¶ʵǼΣյ¡
ҲںϾʱ䲻ãǷǷǶҪˡ
ֻкĺ˵ĻЩ캣żȻ𣺡һΣı˶Ҫ㻹ϣҪȥлʲô˴̫ӡ
ݱ޴׳ץˣ㣬ȴҪؾǡأŸȥˣȴ㺦
־һΣ̳˴˵ħצֻϵĶʱˣ˭Ҳû취
½žòԣĿ⣬ջǲΡ
ͬļ䣬Һ͸궼С
ãԭˡֲҪɱ
½ܡšһҪ飬ȴĴչ˸Цõ⣺ʱﵽû
ʣɫȻˣͺĲᡣεȨ֮ưˣλء
Ĳģǡôãѵô˯ʲôˣʱ᲻ģ
½ܣ
ģѰ֮ʱ˭˭ѽ
½ܣ
һڵΣͷиݹٸ㡣
½һ䡸ٹ¡š
Ңɽ½ߵ·ϲżˡǿ壬Ҵҵſ˸˴ˣ˵ҩģָҪ½ӡǹҪû취ֻˡ
½ܵǱ³ʲôʧҪȥһ˱ǡ
ǣȥôæδ£磬Բֹ
½ܵ˳⣬ͣһ໹ѹº亮⣬½ܣ¿ҩʹߣ
ǣǡ
ƿ¶ǸϤЦǰ㿡ʣȴƴǰüĿ۲ﾹһĨɣ
һˣ½ܵɫһҩˣͶ̫ӵ
ֹҩǧ˵ȻҪˡ³ǿ졣
½ǰҪݳҩǡ½֢ܺͨһ
ҩֶס½˵
½ܴòڳ˶ЩȡֻûмӴ멻Ƕ񣬵ס磬һ͸ʱ㼫ܺ
ԥƬ̣װҩ½ϡʱҪЮ
ţ½ֱۣܵỺҵĳȥɣ˻ȥůů͡
½͵Ҫóӳ¥衭
ҩ󣬡˼ЦЦ̫ң뿴ƽ͵֮
ȻбϾ˼ҩ½ܲŪ̫ѿ֮УûпܶԷԼϳ
ȥݹٸ
һ복ᣬůʱע⵽޽δɵĺ飬䣬ˡ
½û˵ʲô̿ԣȥ
ԷŲŲͷҳϡҩҸڼһ档ôûˣҶ֪òá
½ܴһңҷ˵Լǽ֮ˣңҪҺʱ͸
ҡҲǸ˼
걻µһ仰˵ֽŶ֪ķţֻһ̿趼ˣűһ䣺½ⶾô꣬û
½ܻ¶֮˵ⷨ˵ƭҵġôҲ֮йص޽ⷨɡ
ĬƬֵ̣ݰȣ߾̫ƽҴԸ졣ǣңҲûʲôҪ
⻰ڸϺݺһ¡
ԭ½ֻı߾ûһʲôˡ
ʶô꣬¶ǰ̹ģɵԼʲôҲǡ
ϵģô
ʹأͻȻðһ͵͵ģǲҪ᲻㡣
½񿴷һ
л˵



37 
ͣݹٸſڣ ½³㱻ͷķ紵һ¡æһ멹ϡ
½뿪ڸߣȴţ ȥ ӲһȥǮ;
Ǯ;᷿칫·ŪͷöŲ ̧ͷ ϳʱɫһ䣬˼ȥ黩һء
½ܼ״ݹԱ ˴ʲô
Ǯ;Ӧ Ҫȴ𡣸лҩҲô
һҩ֣Ǯ;۾ˡϸ һԵߵҩ ݲ֢״Ƕ϶ݵͬһ֣ Ӧݲܵ¡
½ܳԡݲݣ ;پݣ ΪЩݲ֮ףݣ
ⲻߵȻ Ϊ֮
Ǯ;ƳĬȥ ҪĲپ βҪʵ£ ҩһ⣬ ɻбģ
ݵֻһݡ
ǱáǾķӣ ɹٸҩٹĪҪǰôȥǮơ
½ţ΢΢üǮ;ҪҩٹӣǺãɴ˾Ҳʱı˽
Ǯ;ԴΪһֱ̤ʵڿңҲʲôɡ
ͷ׵ⷽҩѰţˣԿɷЧֻмζҩݲڴ˴ѰһЩ
ΪܵǮĳڴлˡ
½ܲԸǿףҲԸϸĺжΪݣΪֺת뿪Ǯ;칫ӣٸſȥ
ſڵҢڣǻȥԭˣикͿĲ֪ȥˣ߰ɣ
½ܿڣ㴫Ļ½ˣҲѧ㡣
½Ƴһۣ»ǳ뿪ݵĺá
վˣҩʱٹ
Ȼһ٣ˣ½ɣҩ£ȴҪԡҲһõ½ɣôæҲԽӦ
½һתҼȽ´£ӦҩԻͣҶԲ޲𣬸̸Ͻ⡣
ģǹҵûΪÿһС·񡣡
˵գ½ܽ멻꣬Ң˱ΪϸΪʵĶ񣬷˳
ֻһպС
ֻһС°ˡ
ٸԺǮ;ķ䲢ܲ͸磬˽̸ʱſС
СסĶԻص֪칫鷿ѧһ޴׳꣬˼Ƭ̣ѿ
嵽޴׳Сظһ鷽͵ĻǮ;ıʰˣȵõҩ繫Լţ壬ɿ⣿
һ޴׳ҪԸǮ;ĺˡӲͷƤҪһҲ˵˽ҩҲҵǡ
޴׳˵ͷԵСٸϿʲôˣ
СھУͷվĸҢõˣ˵½ӻȥġ
Ŷ޴׳¶ܵЦ½ܵˡܺá֪֪ͬˣ
ɫ䣬־һ۶ԷջǴӦ
ٸĽţȥȻҢõˣƺڵʲô޴ֱ֣еһЩĲɡ
˰쾢ߵſڵĵصƣȻ֣Сֵܡɷ֣Ұ
Ϳ񣬱һûвԸġҢһ׾ͷ˵صơ
ǶлˡôãݹٸջȤ
˵꣬ǺȻӦԣҢõˣǻˣǱߵӹúðɣ
һʣ˺ͿĻϻӣҢȻٳԲٴģǰɡ㲻ֻ֪ؽ񣬲˵һ仰ܶˣ˵˹£㷲ġ
æǱ߲ˣٸ¡ӣֲöá
ĿԣͿЩĶ
ȻԣٸйٸĹءû
Ϳҡͷ
ƱУҲԵҾȽһЩպٺ»ҾǡҴȥ˵٣ЩȻӦ¡
Ϳ˫۷Ź⣬ǧл
ǱǮ;ŷԸҩĵ£
һҢֻҪٸ£ЦõҺ½鲻ǳٸˣ̫ðɣ
ͿĬĬƱ
ȡҲǲУ´μͬ˵һˡƱҡ
ͬʱ˼ԱѲߵԺ䡣Ǯ;칫ʱͻȻǱˡǹٸģ
˶޴׳ʵȣһ⻰ӵȥǿ˵ʲô淴֮£
Ǽ˷׷ſȥӱϣ͸ǽ͵ĶԻǡǾ䡸Ʊҡ
ڡлߣ
ʲôϡģλǮĴүܻô
ǽ̸ĶһԱһǽкͿĳ취ȥϵҩ̣ʲôҲ˿ǡ

ݽһƬӪʣϰٸרȾߵĲӪΧвٱʿأֻԼ
طÿ£Ѱҩﶼã㽥˴ǡ
ȻգһһСȴǴҩãֻȥͷļӪʣѯʲ飬԰ҩ
죬Ȧһ·һ񡣴ϴͷĲոоΣ
ǲһǼѣǰϴǰֵˣ̫лˣ
ϴεس֣ϸ˵˵ϡ
ѽһˣ棬ϲǰЩԭǷȣǿԣкûûˣôҩûãԼˡ
⼸գҩʵ˲ֲֲȣθҲˣ
ǿ˵˵ⷽλĵģҺȫ˾ҰлǼҸɹΡ
ͷⷽݸǵġǵȷȱΣȴҶȬˣһЩȥ
ݡü߶˴˲ѹôȻҲ˺ĵʱ򣿡
ȿȡϴɤӣ򿪰ҩĵĲĲ֢δȫָҪҩҰѽշݵļ㡭
򣡡ͻȻϣȻ˲٣ҼСţ֪صȥܷ꣬ҲȾ
̾˿ǲ㣬ʵҩޡмζҩݲõ˴˸
˴ˣܿסô
ûٻشҪűţʱȴһӣɫ䣬پȴʧѪɫ죬ȴһĴ멡
½ӣôɫһ䣬ҲܹˡݹأǿЩ뿪ɣ
½ֻЦЦʵڹıˣԴʶԼʱ޶֮¶˹ǡ
ߣ½뿪Ӫʣߵٵԣͬ˶Ϊ׵Ǻģ˼ҢڣͷݹٸĲۡ
ֻһ½ܷŲδһˡ
½ӣŴ˴ˣ˵ǸҩĵġҪȥã
½ܵͷ˻عٸǮ;ӪԼͬǰš
Ϊ½׼Ȼ˺ü̿һϳºüѣʱھʣ˴ҩġλѧɣ
֪½ͷҲ̧
˵ϴҩʱ͸ȥݹٸؼ˸оѽ
½εӣʲôо
۸㰥ôô׾͹ȥˣü˵ͷͷǵҪ㣬Ҿͱ𡣷ûˣҪȥŪĸ飬Ȼô۸㣬ô۸±ŪޣҪŪ
½ܱЦһ䣺ȥ
˵Ĺһ⣬ͿԵЦˡ
½Цˣķһ㶣ͻȻͣ½ʮʣ㵱һ㶼ˣ
½ƵС˵¶ˮ֮Щ˵գ㻹еó
Ҳ£¶ˮѡ
Ƕ֪ӵľ½Ҳѻ˵ϡ
һҲвˡţԭˡǹȥˡ
л˵
4㻹һ


38 
ͣڳ⣬ żװҩĵĳ˴ٸءһλԵƬ̣·ϣ ӦҪˡ
½ܿ˿Ǽҩģ ʣ̶գЩҩģ ǵࡣҾ֪ ļҩôô
һĻҩģֲɵģ⼸˾˲ٹٱգ̰ɽҩ ΪЩҩݲ Ҫô
ݣɽҩҲɹٸ죬Ϊ䵽˾ͷϣ
λˣǻһ Եͣ ʱٰգǵͷŽеöǴ˴˾Ķͷ˾̫ӵ£ ǡݣ ±ˡ
㲻֪̫ӵ¶ҩĵжģ ʲôҪԶɽϴһգ Ҳšԭȶݵ̬Ҳ ֪ôתԡ
ѽ ˵ˡǻǰȷ磬 ֪ͺã ɱ˵ȥ˴̫Ը£ ȥֶ˵ġ
½ƽ޲
ֻںҩܷڽڸΪʲô޸ϵ
ءǸ·ϵˡ
½̧ͷע⵽˳ҩģͷ֮ˡڳ֣һģֻǼװĺۼ̫ء
Ĳǽ۶ǲ£ϵøɾ䣬ŴմȾЩ̧ʱѪۡ
Ҳǰûֱӳƺֻǵǡ
곯ЦЦҩһ𣬴ղżæŲģҾ͸Ŵ˰֣¡
½ܼװûҩĵ࣬ȷ֣سҾлλ½ĳҩġ·࣬λЩȥЪϢɡӦµĳͣƽԻϡ
˵գ½Ҫ뿪ȴͻأһȵȣ
߳ǰô
۲ǧ촽˼û˵
СĵǰֻжüĻ½һˡ
Ȳ⣬һȫԼ˽ġǰϦʱãܶ࿴½һۣݳޡ
ųҩ͹ȥûϵ½ûг׷£ôһ⣬Ҿ̴ǰʧ
½޲תҩģۿȥҲϺҽʲô
ԸԼ˽ӦЩҩģʱĳ겢δֱӽ복ᣬųԯϻɸɾȥ
ʱŽֱ½ϡڳվã½ܲסһųͿȲֹ
½ʵһæȥһĸıһסֻ֣Ҫȡů
죬תΨı
һֹס½һȻڿϣء
ƽϢԶˡ½ιˮֲҿֻõһڶԷС
ͬ˴ĺǰ㣬СõʱͱµĻ½ʵҹ꡹Ľҩô
ʱ½ܲ˵ֻǱȵˮ
֮ûȥĵطô࣬ϸȥңнⷨҲ˵ء
ûաƮƮ֡
пգĻȥֵҵ֪ҵ˽ⷨⶾĹȴʹ࣬Ըۣ
½ü˵ôб
ϸ΢ı鱻׽ڨЦֻǡǰʡ߾ߵĶ۶Ӷúܡ½ԸκδۣҲˡ
½һˮĿ˿˼ˣ㲻ˡֻһˣȻҪ
͸żƺöԷȥҡ
ϲãȴǵǡ޽ºˮһһʣҵ˽ⶾ֮½ɷΪģ㲻Ըã
½ܲס룬ȻۣҪȥҽⶾ֮Ҳ㡣ҪǵãһΪ̫ӣ˵¡ڶҵҲûʲôл㣬ĪҪԴΪҪЮ
һеĹʱһЦ΢΢ҡͷҪЮ½ھɽ϶˵Ļް٣Ȼûš
ЦתȻҲҪЮ֮ˡ˺ʹʹ࣬Լֻʮٱʹ֪㲻ϲ˵Щֻ㣬ҲẦ㡣
½ܵȷϲ˵ЩŤͷ̧߻ͷӣжԶ
˿ˡ
仰֮󣬸һ·ͷʱʱ̧͵һۣû˵һ仰
ҩĵĿĵڳǽһҽݣߵҩĶˡҽݵĺԺľ䣬ʮҩģÿʮУÿľǣڵҩļ˵ףҪϵЩ
Ӵ˵ҽݵƹ񡣸߳Ц·ҩģƬ̣ʵڱǸ
׺ͣƹҲ¶Ц£ǵ絽Щ
סһʣΣ
ƹһĻţæ֣ûʲôûʲô׼´Ͳұվˣݺȱɣ
գգۣȿҩô
ҩʲôÿģλһ·Ͷ٣ЪЪ
û룬׷ϰҩ̵ȥΨ½ܷŲ˺һξ롣
ŴյߵıǸ꣬½ȥȲ裿
½ɨһۣЪЪȻ̴˻ݡ
֪ڼɻԼȴģЩζ½ҲòԾɣһ𿴿ˣҲûݲͱˡ
û½˿Ϊǰ꣬ݲ»ô¹飬һ˴ڴ˴ʲô
Ҹˣ½֪ˣҺʹǰһˡ
걾֮£⻰һȴǣ𴦵˿ڣθһۡ
ЦɣһҩˣҪǱʰŰģȻھߡ˵½ηվڷУѧܲźʦ
Щǿɣ½˽ŲĿϣƬ֮µһ䣺꣬ͦû˼ġ
֮ѳ׷ᣬѵıʲô
ȴ⻰ͬ⣬ȻһЦлȫ
½֪˵ֻͨûǸˣװҩĵǰ
ȹ˷ͷļҩģδߣ¾ȫʯɳҩ̵ĻƲ֪ðͷĺҲ֪ǲȵãȰͷ᫣ʲôҪģҸþˡ
ÿһۣ˳־ͷס½ֱۣܵЦţѧȥ
½ֱܳͷ㿪ǲЦݡ
һľ䱻ʯΧ½ܵĽŲͣڴ˴򿪿һ䣬װβݣҩеҪһζڶҲһһҩӦʮ䡣䡭
½ϰ׼֮һ۱㿴䲻Ծ
βݳӲǰ䶼ŵģ˵ÿͬҲòװβȫſţδסڡ
ֻ˵˱
½ܵĿڴͣʯſϣ
½ȫǡ


39 
꽫ÿװβݵͨͨƿ ֳǰ⣬඼һҩģͷɳ䡣
ֲ÷Щ죬 ԭҩ⣡ô࣬ ǾĴ°½ǸϿ졭
 ½ȥ ޹أٴ˻ݡ
ȴܵǰһװĲУ һЦ ֤
½ܽ²ȴ䣬뿪
˵ţ £멣 ҩȥ
λݵĿˣȻݣ ܲߵ˵ֻһǣ ߵȫͬɸмϷԺ һλȥ䣿
ҩƹϲ˵ţ¶顣
ֻкķ˸ۣ У ЩֹҩĵȴҪȥ̫ʰɣ
ʲôʣ ƹٺЦ ҩĶˣ ߶Ȼܿͻȥǰأ кβɣ
ٱ裬λⱭǱͬȥ
ƹĺ뽫˴˴
űһڵĴá
Ŵ멵룬续üĿԳƹڨЦһŵĺˮ˵ģֻ顭
飬Īҩ̫ͣã
½ܽУ⿪ֳβݵɳ
ʮβݣа˵ʲôҩĶˣ
˶ʱ¶죬һƬꡣ
ڳ֮ǰ½ĿɨˣԸ˴ˣӻȥ֮²šҢλҩһˣһһʡ˵½ĳԿ鿴ҩ䡣
䣬ҢҪٽҩƹ˫һǰסس½ߵͷˡСҩǲټңʵй
ԴٸߵĽҩҩĴûʱҩˣҪô֪Ҫô˵ٵͲҲãֻò𲹲ÿҪõҩ
ĺһٵ٣С·ˣһЩҲϳɣ
ҵḶ́ǽڰԸǲ˵ùƹ̾Ҫ޳ȥȻ޷ȫĽҩʱҺӶܷλˣǾȾҰɣ
˿׷ǰ½Գ˼Ƭ̣һеڣëţȥϸѯʴˣһһ¼عٸ֮ˡǮ;ɡ
±ɹٸ֮ͨ½ܲġëҢö꣬ʵ֣ʶѡǮ;֪¶ϸ飬㲻ٲġ
ʱģһ۷׷ף½֣Զݡ
ͷ磬ҶԤһҩһ·׽ܾúδԾżȻ¡ɱ˳ıǸЩ֤ȴ˾ЩС
ǰ᷿ţŷдҳ˼ҵӣ½ֱܱ̽Ƴˡ
һӣǰȥ
˼ϵѨλרĳ飬ͻȻܿƵصڵϣԱīıʷɳͿһźڡ
ڴʲô½ܶס°ͣһӵߣһһ綾ʵػ
½侲
걻½ͻĴһӹ޷ֻ촽ڷ
꣬Ϊ˴ˣνݣҶȰ뿪޹㾹¼ҩᡪΪ
ƽ½ܴ൭ȻΪв˵ҪԿڡһͨãΨָָϡ
ҩмȱҩС·ҩģʱɼ㡣ЩƳȫҩĵӡҳ¼ףպ󲹲ϣ໥ѡ
ΪβԸ뿪괹ҧٶ˵һ飬ˡ
سĻֱӱ½ܺԣɵ񣬷ų¼֣˱Ҳôߣﲢҩױ飬
غµΪ⣺˹ٸԱóƣҩһͬ˶ĿǩѺԴΪ֤
½ܵͷһ䡸ҲáתС
ȵȡ½أ
½ܲδͷʱͽˡȻ֪һͲҪٳǰ
ǰӰʧȻʧ̱ԭء
뵽ģܲ׷½̬ܵҲ˿ı䡣
޷ͣ׷ĽŲ
ⲻǸôô
ʱδſڴһżζ
ʱĸ̧ͷֻתתϳˣЦ½ҵʱɻѨ֮
ĻıŸ첲Աߵӣʱ½ô᣿֪ⷨ˶ء
ˣ͸ݵġϱһߵˣû߶߹ǣϧ
̧ۡ
ϱӡ㡭
Һһǰļ䡣
еĹ
Щ޲ó£Լǵû½ܼǵãҲǵá
Ƕ֤
üƵȻҲ㲻ʲôöҲ㡣½˭һʯĳӡ
Ͷȥ̽ѯĿ⣬굽Ңãһֱô
û˵Щԥһ£ȷܷ˵½ܵ¡ϸ룬½ܴӲɻЩֶԸȫ⣬Ӧް
Ҵʱ˵⡣
½ҢǾ꣬ʱ븴һ㱻븴òڣٹ˵ķӡ븴ˣõĶǱӺһЩҪʱ½ݵֻʣƤǣ˰̣ҼأĿġ
ɱ븴ǰװģ̬ʵŻ֮һ
԰ǰӶ븴㲻ᵱ˰ɣɵˣ㶯ģ㻹ԶЩ
һǺĵص㣬꿪ȴǣⲻܡ˵½һǾ͸ĮˣʮʱʶʮһꡭΪʦʵ⣬м٣
ĳĬǶ֮£ȷʵ޷С
üšһ̾Ϣʣԭ½ôѡϧʱ̫С޷Щ࡭
ˣðӣʲôͬкιϵʲôˣ
걻˵סܾ֮ǰλԵ½ʱҲʹʲôˡ
ͬĻش
ȴֻ˵ҡȷʲôˡ
ʱ󣬸ŷ뿪᷿ߵҩ̺ԺʱͬڳԵȺȴ˱ߵˡ
ҲŴ멵ˣʱһ߷飬һָҩġúվöȴĪϿ˵
·¶ļ͵αװĴĵףΨǱҿӣܽͷš
ɸףԼˣֻ忡ʵαװûʸ
ֻ̫ˡ
޷ԼǰеĽŲͣ½ߣһȻʹشսס
½ܿˡ
л˵
jpg
4㻹һ


40 
½һ
ΪЩΪ Լ̬ȣȻʶһʧ˵һԣ ٴš
 겢ǲװɵ ˣ
ֵѨ ϵȴɿ׵Ǹ ½ һʱߡϧ㣬ͻȻ̲סҲ롭
ԼĻǵĻϽԲһӻˣ ۲һʶ
һʱߣ½Ŀͬ䣬 ˺һ񣬡Ǻã Ҳһʱߡ
Ǹ ͬ꣬ һֵֻҢõֵܽãһ£ 
ǸƯô˶ ˵ˣ ôһٳ
ʿΪˣ Ȼ˼ ȴΪʹ갤ĵһȭϣ Ȼؿڣϥһţ˱ɵڵء
ȭŴ˷ϣȫҳ࣬һδƽһ𣬸еƱһ֫ĩ
ֻܸţҲϰ֮˴޷ʹԡ˼ǿϷŹĸߡ
Źҩ̹ţҢ˲ŷȥ½Ѳڴ˵ء
׵ĸôӷֱɫ裬Ʈ꣬Ȼ³бһЦ˳
½ԽǱֵνԽܡˣϸñڵϺݺݴһ١ǧٶҲµĴ
ֻϧˣ½Ҳʲôɡ½Դһ٣ЩĲ죬Ƿ磽أ

ȥһҩ̣ͷվ̫˷磬½ܻȥ㲡ˡ
ҩһ£Ҳֻǿά־԰׵ɫ˿ת˶ǽƣֻԼӣǰյ»һ󣬹Ծڲæµ
ʮ֮½ߡҩˣȱҩ͵λԼʱ䡣ֱǰݸѯ
֮˵Ϣţ첻ˣٸʱîʱЪЪδ^ʹ˵Ǯ;ϽȥǮס˺üˣ߲ݵģȻѾˡ
½һǮ;ǵ֮ˣ᲻߲ݣѵǡ
Ǯ;ʱͷ󺹣һַ飬һֽ̲žž졣½ǰдŸҩĵĿ
ڣǰӣֻҪʱͳҩȥ߱㲻˼ʱʱҩ財
Ǯ;̧ͷ¶ںڵȦһ޳ҩĻǲ
ǰҲŵ֪ٵʧޣҩ˲Щҹ٣ֱҲ
գ½üʮǰұҩ̷ֶߣǲҢëٸţˣ

½вⷭӿĿ˼
ҩͣѹϢֻ벻ͨǴ˾ĿΪΡȫҩĵ뻹輸գ
˵Ǯ;˱ݸ½ܣͿĵ߰㣬⼸⼸ҩĶţҩֻɡ·һ˵Ţһ˵꣬û׼š
½ֻܸ͸ſңɫͨ⡣Щվסһȣһ߷ǵһԵӡ
˾½ӣ
ڲıƵʱ򣬡飬֮Ǿβ
ҩû룬ûԳΣ֮Ⱦ˭˭˵һټìܣٸ˵ÿմ
ʱͻȻ񻯣˭Ҳ˵׼½ܷ׵촽³ȻֻҩģǱ㰴ÿÿһҩгףԼȥ֡
ⷨӺãǮ;Ƶ˵ע⵽½ܵɫϲɫȥһ޴ģֻ˱ˮ
½ܾٱַڶ䣬ƽüĵ壬ȥŰɣԽԽá
⼸ջɽڷŵơǷ֮¡ҺûûٰҲŵסһȥɵúúЪЪˡ
½ܱˣ⻰ɫһŰɽҪ죿
Ǯ;֪̾˵Ҫģ˵궼УϡٸҪƣҪڳſţͷҪǹ۵ƣܳӡ
СҵĿԣڹ۵Ʊˣղ֪Ժδ߲֮أǺȫǣ
ʿڳ⣬Žһˡ
ˣջᡭ˵öԣҪ֣Ҳֲȫ˵İΣ
Ӧ½˿ؿαϣҢõ˰㡣ɢҲЪЪˣЩϣȫࡣ
Ǯ;ò˼ͷζ˴ҩţݲԶȥǸ˴޺õ
½Ҳͬ뷨Щ̫ңԶܴ֮ġ
СǮԶۺ㽣ضݡ߳䶨Ҫȥδ
δشԼ㿪ڣùٺǮȥͶա
Ǯ;Цˣļ磬ĹҰɡ̰ڣһ˸ɼ˵ĻõкβɣٲУҾȥϱ߾̣ˡ
µģҾǱСԺСݵʤ֣Ҳ帣
ǼϵҲ񡭡ȿȡȡ
½ܱǱ˵˲ٻľſȼס԰ɫ˺죬ˡ
Ǯ;Ĵıⲡ顭Ǽˣ
ã½ܵĺŽƽ̾ݶһ棬Ҳͷȥˡ
û˵øϸòս֮ĿԼϾǼ̵¡
ݹٸȥҢáԾеȴˣԸëźڣ
ڷڣ½һ򲻻Ĵһǽëŵı廨ǰ¡
ëţ㣬½ΪԳƣòƽϸƷȴÿ϶˵Ƭʮǰ㽫ҩʵ֪Ǯ;ģ
ëŵûסߵͷҡȥ˹ٸ֪ݡ֪ʲô£Ҹ֮ˣҾ͡͸ˡ֪ݡ
½Ȼ޴׳࣬ѹϢ˶ҩͣҩ£㵣𣿡
Ҳ֪һʱҲġ
½ܶӿһǿѹţһһԸѺȥܣղִݾдá
ڴëţ½ڳŲסһŻֻýţ˿ŻѪ
½ȥǰΧ۵У˾䣺Ҿë˵Ҳû֮ˣ֪ô
һԵڷݿȥ˵ǰһֱӣ¹죬˿档
һ˵űɽƵ֪ˣЦǰĮ֮ˣָ㣿
ͻȻʣֵܽöô
ҿûʹҲ˵ô£øԷأ
˱˵ˣٸȥ
˽ɢȥȴþó˼
˻ݳڣ½˵֪ݲǺˣһ˳ͻǶĿ
Ӧ׼ˡ

գɽڡ
ٸƵĻֻڳڣ꾹ڳҲһȦƵİʮ־ȣȴſڱٱ¡
ٱ˵ǣȰ˵뿪ǰȰöЩϼҴڵģӿ˱㲻ģͷŶ˸ʵ
Ǯ;ԭվʱĸ̨ϣӲۼԽԽֻ࣬ǰȰɼѽڣУλЯԴУƱؼӾɢΪȫǰΣƣλڳڣлλˡ
˲Ⱦ˲ǹôûȾƾʲôǽ
ǣɽһһΣҼҹŮ˺þأ
ŪôƾŪǣ
ҿǮ;˵㣬׷ΧȥͬۡǮ;һӦˣ佹ͷöҲǿά־ȶ
ŲԶһСƬˮ򣬴ʱˮֻ˸ߵ㻨ƣõסھశ߲Զվȥ
½ܾһϡ
ҹò죬ֱ˹ͷ꣬ǰŷַ߽ҩ˲ӣָϽգĲ°վۼ֮ԼﲻҪҪԶš
ƺƵĹڴϣ׿ţһ縷˿£ס̶
ɵҩѷָʣĻ輸ղܵ룬⼸ղ֪̫ܲƽֻҪǰǰȫǴңͲʧء
½ţȴ
֪ʱǰˮ淺̧ۣһĵϣһӦó֡
½ЦߣסƵĲӣƲġ
ڵ΢ĻζˮĴ⣬ƵĹ㱻飬ɷǺÿ
Ӱ½ݳǷǸˣ˴˽ݣ˴˱ضϲ⡣
Цһ˲ֱǿҲδݳǣġ
½ҵá꡹ӳٷİ취


41 
פݵļ ʱӲ죬ʲôɽֽҰȥֻʮ˾ȥ֯ܲôðյ»ǵһΡ
ҢɽҰ֮У ˴· ʮҲһҼͿǸģһҪɱ ʲô˳
½һ۳Ŵ Ǯ;ƺӦ꿪ڡ
ɻǵãǰݻԣ ʱݡҵɽ ȥ˸ӡ
ӻһСƿеҩȥǳɳҵģ ÿһŶӳٶ ʱ˵ãжʮһţ Ӧܳһˡ
½ţ ȻЦ ǰȴգ ̽ó˵ɣ ʲô
 ǡ걧ŵ  ͵͵ģ һֱڵʱ½ûôٿڡÿ£ҲٵˡðҲø㡣
ͷҩ跢ЧҪȪڡʹԼ
£½ߡ
æվأ̧ŵһ°ߣƾƯˮУ޷һϰ
㽫Ҫߵ½ˮϡ½󣬸һξ룬ĺӣַ֪Ӧ½˵䡣
˶ҿ˶ԶأԼҲ뿪ҢõĻͬȥ˸ҿǡһ㲻ʲôҪ󾡹ᡣ
˶٣ֻúõģΨһԸ
貶ĿĻҹſڵһ㣬ƬֻʣǰһС顣
˲ô򷢡½Ķߣֲ徫ԸڵҿԺضȷʵиһȥ˾ȫ񣬶ƹܡ
ǸܴӦҪ֪ϲȨģѾ˼˾˾׹ˡ
Ȼ½ҲⶾǺŸؾǡԼһ֮˵ûʲôҢá
Ȼ¶ɫԼ½ǣǲϵ½ڵݡЩΣֱӳ¡˶Ҳûʲôֱ
Ըˡ½ܵһ䣬ȴŴһӡ
˽һܷڸ̨ϣһͯʬ̨µţǿڿΪ˿ߣнҩǲϷַգҼС
½һЩӣΪ˲񻯣Ҳ˭֪окͯ
˲⣺޴磬ô֪нҩ
ʱһڶסУ˵ݵ˷ӣҩϱԣüԽԽãɲЧôҼСܻǹٸʧ°
Ǯ;˴ǰǰЩٸÿҩǲյô
ƶټֻһ˷ݵҩҸˣûСˡ
½ܾƲãҪϰʰһʯͷ򵽰γɳܽˮ롣ͬʱ֪Ҫϰ·ֱԾߡ
һȥһͣƳһˮֱֱ½ϡ
ȿȡ
⴩͸뼡߳½ܺס
½סץֱ۽ƵɫòǲˣˣѰɡ˸ǣҢã
½һܾĻԸͬ˵ֻ̨
£Ǯ;ӦúˣȴԾǫǫӣҩĲ㣬ÿֵֻһݣѡԼãѡúӵðաʱҩǺӣĲ񻯣Ҳ
ȻѡˣҪеٸθɣ
Ÿһ֮˶Ĭˣλȴ𣺡ٸǻҽڣʲôҩĲ㣬ǰǰʮ죬ҩĵģҿЩٰҩˣⲻҩ׬ǮҼûǮֻСȥ
½ܾҵؿ·ڱɡ֪ŲסҲߵǸˣȥѡҢõһȥ
˵űǰһڣҪԭ£ȴ˽ס
ĻűˣʲôҢáǲҸں㡭
̨ϣǮ;ɫŷ֮˵⻰ɲ˵ǰҩˣ֤ݣ
ӵĿתΧٿ϶ҩˣѵûһ˿
˼иٸӵؿڣҡҿˣиҢõˣкͿȥǮˣһƱ뿪ٸȥˡҩ̡
ȫȻ
Ǯ;ȷ£
Ŵ֪ʱһװλϣжӡӳ֪޴׳֮ҹȴȫ׹ٷİӡǮ;ݵϸ̨
Ǯ;ھ֮ɫæͣȷôˣлΪˡ
֤ȷ䡣޴׳ĻǮ;ΪݸԱŰʱ˼Ϊı˽ҩҩͣʹɥĿɶﵱ
ӣ͵նˣ
ٸǰǮ;ڵءǮ;̨£е½ӡң
½Ѳڴ˴̨°ոҷ֪ݵȨ޴׳߼ǲòγ˵
δӦʱ䡣
Զһѱ赹ˣѰһҢõ߸ͣһ½߹ȥ
㡭ôˣ
Ǽ½ܻԣ׷첱Ӵֵָ
ⲻϴҪɱǸ𣿣
˴̫ӣ
Ȼ˻ʱҢôܡ˵ת½ܰϣסܺԣ֪ⶾô⣬ɹҡ
˽һ㶣ȻĻøɾ
˵һ½и˼Ѩһץϡ
ȥݡȻ޷꡹صĴѧϰ˶﷢ʱʱƵİ취
ͨҽҲֻѧЩǳġֹֻܷ½ܻԸٽתƵڡ
½˵ѨδѣǺݺݿ˯е޷ԿأһѪȾ˸ؿڡ
͵һ顣
½
뱧һǰˣԼ̫½Ե˲ȥѪһɾԷǣȴڼȥʱͣס
ýʣЩǽǸ½üġ
ȥңҾҲҪؾβ
ѵƬ̹½ȴòܿ㺣ȥϱʹת멵˵ůˣͻﰲã㼸衣ҳԭõӣҩţٻ
еڵͷȴɣҪɱˣƾʲô㣿
ûһ꣬ץ죬ҧҸѨһӺѣ벻ţԼˡҪɱҲұϾ
׻ɿˡ½ܵ£ô
Ͼô
Ңڲִͬ׼꿴̨ϣȴ˼ΪѪȵһĻ
Ǯ;˰ס£Ҫſ˵ЩʲôӱͻȻжϣͷ­һԣ˫Բɡ

Ծغû˳С
ֻһ˲ѹץס·ϸ˷̨ϵĶԻ
ǱҢõĳҪ·ȴһںȻ뿪ԱߵͿȥģ
кͿƺܽţҡȥ֣ߣ
ԻԸԼ£ȥǸкͿˡ
ֿ̨ϣ
סǸ޵ˣסδʲôͷ
ǣȥ̨ʬɡ
죬˺ܾáüšһš
½ܲϧǰϣҲҪǮ;һɼж࿴شˡǮ;޴׳Ļɫϡ
Ҫ½֪ˣİɡ
ҹɫĻôۣȴ⡣ĿһͻĲɱûɵ˼ǣǷ׷ɢȥ
ҹݳ⣬䡣
ǰرѽͿ廨󣬵Ⱥ귢䡣
Ңõˣֲ䡣껺ߵͿǰģڴȥҢãɱ㡣
ѺźͿŸҢǰԷһô˱㾯ذνȴҲһֻǰͰкͿǵڡ
ԷҪͿ˻һǱ㽫Ϳ󡣸ѹˣڴ˵£Ҫͬ˵
һҡͷһΣ˯ˡ
ЦЦҵȵȡ鷳ȥ˵һ˱ͨ˵ѧˡУ򲻿ɸ֪ҹ¡
ҪȥȴԱһסʲôϢ֪ˣ¸ͷ
ɣôҲΪ¾͡
Ų㣡˿ɱû㡣
Ҳûȥͨ겻ǿֻܶԺֻҪ½ͷȻж
ߵĻԼֱţЩȥҹ˵ף˺µĻȻݰɡǧ֮ա
Ȼ񣬱ʾյĺ⣬ȴްҪߵ˼
Ȼ֪ðգﲢֻΪ˵ɣǡ½ܵ塣
˺ҹԺͻȻɧҹļžֻǽ
״ſڵôҲϷȥֲͬҢö֡
֮ʣԺһĿԣϳǷŽ̷½ܵڡǰʲôŵǸǡͿ
ûոͣھǣˣ
ݵΣǸ˵Ǯ˵£һҩҭסȸͣⲻǶڽдء
ÿһһֱؽӵһߡץסߣģȥǼǲǣ
ԷһΪѣȥͨ
Ҳûͨɣ꾶Դ˽ȥ
̿ļͷǺϣ½£ȴŴ멣˺񼸲㱻ӡɫ׵ï}ˣŸ룬Ⱦҩˮա
Ĵĺ󱳣ǵĶȻԴ˶ȫ֪
ʱüɷ˵ǰƿǶˣ½ܰӹ̶Լ
һֻֻס½ܵĺ󾱣ͬʱѹ༰ԵѨһַֻŵߣһ䡸½ѧðˡָУһֱͷ
Ʊ˸ŻŻ֮ȴƫƫѹס˿ȣ½˫Σվͣס
˿Ŀɨָϵʪ󣬰ֲصȭͼץסƬ̡
½ƽһȦڣһ仰ǳŸ꣺Ңõĵطڴʲôȥ
䵭
æſЦţץס˸ҹ֮йصİҢõˣұ͹ⲻǡ˵Ӳã㡣
²ǡðɡ½ܵĻкθϵҴδβʲô¡
ʵ½ûٺ͸˵ֻʱѹϱˣͻȻ½ܰסֱգһסǱҪ¡Ϊѹ¶أмȴֻܻһ䡸ȥô
ȻйءˣҾҲɡ㲻Ҿ㣬ҾԼô
½Ϻ޲۽ޣظţȥ


42 
ڽ֣ ſںȻ꣡
ڵǺģüһ¡
꿴˿Ѿٿ½ܣ ԥƬ̣ ɿĳš
⣬ ĻѺ˴ ½˵ƽϹȥֻ԰áأ ʵڹ֡
ֻǵӡ
һ˵ģ ԲôҢеǴòβļѹͻ㲻ڣ ǲ֪⡣
ס ͷ
ΪӡִԲҲ˵Щĸ㡣
Ÿʹ飬 ̾ ԸһԵĻǵ»ݰɣ ٵˡ
ȵȣס ٿʱѲغ ҷ½״вȶ кһúÿˡ
һ Һʲôϵ ʲôϵչ
ǡʧԡֻ̫ˡ˱ۣ Ǯ;𣬵ĿǰֻܾԸһķӣ˯ϼաݵȥţָ㡣
ĲڣֻǱͷȥ
ϼղָܻʮ֮ڣˡ

½гò´ҩ˯ȥ֪˯˶ãѹ齱ߵĴָһ룬ٶȽ硣
ճ֮˯ó㣬ĺȥ٣ϴգǰʱȴڵĴ
֪˵Ǯ˵ҩͰˡ
½ܴһҳĿСʱ
˴ٳôЩֻ꣬ҵǮ;һΪݰ֮ˣȻֽŲ̫ɾɽλϣȷΪıġ
¶ˣ½ܱǮ;ԼҪ˶ǰľȻ
һԩĿ
ûпԭů͵úܣ½ܻȡ´멹סԼְȼŵ̿Ų¡
̫ˡ
С޴׳ӣΪ˲ǸҰ򣬲ѹǮ;Ҫ˭Ͼơ
ҲС޴׳޳ܣ飬ͲˣնɱͿ๦ߵĹԱ
ݷǰܣòưȣһһϦ֮ʰ޴׳Ҳбʱ仯
ȣҪʰ޴׳
½ˣչںʹ׷׸һ˰һʣ⼸ݿʲô
˵֪ƺҪʲôǱͻȻ˴ʹߣ˵Ҫ顣֪ɽˮʲôҲû˵ˣǽոոߵģ֪ݻڷƢء
Щ½ܲ˭Լҩ˰֮
ƭ֪ݳɽˮֻΪʱ˯աǿЦ
˯ˣ͸ˡ½˵ƽȣԸһԵڣһһˡ
Ңϣ½ܸ߾ϴȴֻɫҳͷɿڱһϵ˴ž˯ѵȫϡ
½ˣʱ۵ǲɰĵĮΪ¡
޳ָһҳһƲȥϵĲӣʹϼƵһߣҹļٺһΡΪ֤˿
ԱǾͨѧڣæӹʼô̡
½ŽĿƵ£ŵ䱻˰סȴŲӣǿ
֮˿ʲôҲ뻻ط£Ңû˲ɣ
½ܵȻ˵ںδòؽôࡣαףҢú㣬Ϊȥݹٸ£
ͿţغһҢòң˶˵飬궬նҪɱ֣˭֪ʱֵңٸȻûô౨꣬ٽɷɱˣ
ٸɷ½Ц
Ңÿ궬ɱˣʵҲù棬ɱĶǹ⺦֮ͽֻֻ̲ɱˣ֪ԭί
½Ծòúʹ˽Щѣù棬߿ɱ㲢ǹ⣬ܽΪѩޣԵӿԸ⣿
ͿϵľǿȥͷҲ
Ǯ;ڰ죬޴׳ڱʹĥһȦټйԱ¡
˵£ʵǮ;С޴׳Ÿ첲СüԷվǰչ飬
Ǯ;ݹٸûʽĹְֻ½æģֻǳǮˡȻѾˣȴҪ˳
СǮ;ġʮ״һ̰ܻȷ£аǺҿȥģһӾΡҩ°ɥ
ԣ๼
С꣬죬ȴһ˿ڡ
޴׳Ȼλû飬Ǵ˷оУҲð֪ǾġǮˡĿǰǮ;࣬ɱƹܡ
飡
ȴƱ˵ſڴ˳ſڿȥȴžװ֮Χſڡ
ſڵĹԱ㡢˭ôģ
ǡȻǴġΪ׵ĺĴӣϡ
޴׳İҢãҪٸΪ𣿣
ߣٸΪѣǹٸͽЩȻҪѷࡣݹٸǰæҲ԰Ǹϳȥ
»ӣ˶Ŀ⣬ȴûȥֻ޴׳һܻɼҲվֻ˵Ȼ¼࣬к飿
޴׳һֱٸãſͣŵΡ
ĽŰµĻ̿¯һ죬ᵭͿͽȥ
òֻеָȾ˪ѩĻ֮ηǰ
ȴ˵üڷ½ؿţ¯ȡºõҩ
ÿվŸ˵ӺˣҪҩ
ͷһͬѺűӵĺͿݡ
ͿУˣϵ
Աϸ˿ܿ˿ڣµ˵˵òǮƱҩģ
ûҩͿֱͬҵȷǮлˣΪٸȥҩ̵ġ
ݹԱ¶֮ɫú˱ʣ˵Ǯǰˣʲôˣ
ȷл֮⣬˵ٸˣƱôġ
ʲôˡ
ͿﻷӣĿ֪ͬʱԷԵĻҡ
̵Ļ䣬ڣʲôˣҲ֪ǹٸˣ񲻸̧ͷӣ֪Ŀֻǵáǵֻڴп̣
лߣд°
ֻҪѴҳһ֪ˣ
ɻа̡ٸôˣѵҪһȥ
кβɣ
ڵȻҲ˽
½ܸոշһҩЩҩ̫࣬ҩζҪŻòײŹһ룬þˮա
ԻóһӣδֻǴӷ϶еݳû˵ͷȻףýġ
Ľӽ˴ģҲŲٸҸǻΧⱾ˲ʮҩ̳ģм˵ʱмǷҩٵʧޣݴС·ҩĵٶȣЩҩҲʮϡ
ȫҩĵʵӣ¶ա
ж˹ֻڷֹҩ֮Ų鼴ɡ
ϵ޴׳˫ۣߵ쿪ҩĺ͵ҩкθϵڿҪ࣬ȻǰԲǿЦ
ľʣߵǰɤӣѵҩǮ;ͷϣպͿлߣҩļ󡣿νġҩȷˣܰ
ҪˣֻþҩЩλ
˵ţ±в˵ͷ޴׳ȴһɺԣˣѵҲɱ˲ɣ
죬֪ݲ鰸飬Ͱɱˣɱʲô֣
˷ӦٲҪֵģ֪ûɱˡ
ǣɱǮ;Ը
޴׳һĻң漴ٴҳһţȥ鸺ҩĵĹԱȻǴ²µ֪ݱˣȴû˸ʱ
Ͼʤδһ˵պܾһǮ;
֮ʣ½ڣżȻĿԡ
δϿץסţüã⽥ζ
½˼˼ڵͷ
ʳָڴߣһֻڸָڣָԼ֪ݹٷɫͬĲϣָԼգ㽫ų
ڣѭָɫֱ˵޴׳ϣıͷĸͣ
˻񣬰
˼ɹ˷׷׿޴׳˳µأòЦ֪ҩ֮£ǲҲòĻڣ
޴׳ͻȻץס񣬺ݺһˤ˾䡸飬Ҫ¡ȥ
Χ˲ҢõˣԭŵԶԶ㿪ʱ޴׳Ҫţͳſڡ
֪кҪ£߽Ȼץס֣ڴİ̺չʾˣҪ£ĪҪȥڸ֤
ǵ̺ۣԱǶʱȣȴҳ
½½ΡյѵûɫһСмֶࣻϲŷҩɫɫЩ죬޲ݡ䵭ⷴԵϲۡ
޴׳ǰԷ΢䣬ָҧгݵԭ㡭Ңá
½ָܲܿƽҡڳбȺĹԱڼҩѵİա
˻һȴȻ͵͵Ŀ˿ȥǮ;ССڵĨᡣ
ԼõעСſ޳סȾߣյҩɻûüȣ˾ˡ
˵ţһ̨߷߳޴׳ȥаԴļƣҪɱ㣡Ϊױ𣡡
æ¡Σվؿͷ٣̧߻֪ͬ޴׳Ѻη䣡
һɤӲŻعζ޴׳ݺǮ;նɱˡ
޴׳ʱҢú½ܡûҵ죬һ˸һƣ
һʧƺ˲١
εøлҢãҪǣЩڻ޴׳ڹأйԱ˳½ܺͺҾ
½һһ񣬳ϿҵǮ;˽˷ǰҲΪѩԩǮǰݹײСչ֮£׷⣬԰ɡ
˺ȻĬ໥иػǼ꣬ݻ֪ݵ׷ˡ޴׳κ󣬱ûйˡ٣ʵݣûС֡
½̾ϢĿ𽥳ءֻѷһգ޴׳̨˴ؽв֮ʿ١
Ǯ;˿ãԼ
塭
޴׳Ѻη֪ͬƹܡǿ廹Աû޴׳Ĵãаηص˼
½ɱ˴ΪǮ;𣬵Ȼ˽޴⣬ǿжֲ¡ֻҪ޴׳ﰲؼЩʱҲͰˡ
Լÿ¡ǰȥʱһ͸˵ܳŵʱ
ĳԼЩҲ֪ǲǻعⷵգǡãУһš
ҹ뿪ʱϵҵĺҩĶȱĵһˣȴҲ֪ʱݰգֻ֢״أһֱ˹ע
½Ūǣⳡߵ״Ӻζ
˳ǰγ޼ҡɹΪУӽãʱŴϸǹ׻ߵʬͷڵϸںԺȻľСȮù
½ܴõҢõ壬ذȻη彭ɣҲ֪Ңò֮£δܾǵá
ҪǰߵţһԶһٸǰݳи˴ˣԳ½ӵѧҪǲϵҢã֪춼ߣòˡ
½ܲ˼
ġ
½չͷһơһ㶣ָϡ˾֡
˾ԭһӡǶڹٸֻҪŻȡƽƣͨ˾ϣʱ٣ִߣͬ˾֮
Ҳ˵ƴ˾ʵȨ
½ܻսƣѹüͷĿءƬ֮󣬺ȻЦǹ̡
Ƿˡ


43 
½ܵ׻ǴӦ꣬ ֻΪ¾͸ıг̡
߽ǰӣϳֻŮʩڼҡƶ˼ҲŮ֮ βȹͣ ۿס
δ½òȵˣ߽ʱ һ ȴ࿴ֻĬĬõһԡ
**ƣǺڰ׵װΣ ϰƷ½ûҵӣ ֻڿϡ
ƽڰҢ½ܣм׮Ҫѯʡ
δ䣬ʩϱڰ ôڰֲĺӣʲôʣ ʲôҲֻ֪֪ٸҶ
½ܸеЩ޴룬 ü˵ٸй ԼȾ߶ ǹٸ¡Ҵ˷ǰҲ֤ʵ飬ʹֻ
ҲŲʲôˣ ֻҪҵСЩٸˣ Ǻö
޵ ½ Լ˵ʲôǴ
λ㣬 ˼С⣬ һ˵ˡǰλҢõˣ͹ٸϵȴҩķţˡ
ſڴŶǸꡣէһò緢ϸֱȴзڵȦ۴
ʩϾʲôˣ
˴ˡߣָָͷ̵ӣ뷨ݵ壬Īȥ˴
ҷǰȥһŻ
½̧
һ˻ȥ΢΢ҡͷʾҪ˵
ʩߣ̾ѹСǰǸɰĺӰɡ
һ仰ʩϵĻϻӣһ߿һϲؽСȻССߣ˵˵žͺ
һޣ˾͸
һʩȫۣȴɲ١Щµ˵ĿʹĹǲᶮġ
ȻƵ½ϣѸٱܿʩôҲʧȥֿ֮ˡ
ҲʹҲȰ߳Լֻǣڿ̹ĵʧȥ֮ҵͣһ룬Ҫδ˰̹ȥ
δ𰸡Ҳһӻ޽ִ֮УҲһֻ
ţĿͣڴ⡣Ѳ˵Է˵Լ
½ܾڿϣк޲
ʩϵǵһȰ߳ˡĻҲȫöҴԼһЩ¡ֻǡһӲǵĻʹİɣ
һ漴ͷ򸣺ȷʵʹ
ѽ˵ˣ˵ȥλҪˣʩϰڰ֣죬˺ˣҪʲôʰɣ
ҲĻ½Щ˼ʩһϣֻʣ£㷽˵ȥݣʱȥģΪλɽӴǱ߸Ⱦ֮ˣ
ʩȫ޷ŰʹǰȥģڵĹؾȾߡ׬ǮйҺСߣٹҲȥӦŹˡ˭֪ݻúõģͷ˲
½׷ʣʲôй
˵ǹٸˡЩҲ֣˵йѴ֮󣬸˵ǮʧӰ١Ҳ֪ͼʲô
½ܳĬã仰˺ü顣
ʣǴźӵʬȥ£˭ָʹģ
Ҳǹٸˡ˵³֮Ǳ꣬ӰӶûš

ݹٸηưܵשδݣﷺһùܵζżܹ
Ͷη޴׳δõЩǹһͷ棬ɫƣ
ʱס˱ӣ޴׳ǺģǾλǰ֪һӡ
޴׳Ǳģ˿ԾԶЩԩ֮ǰĳ̶ȡʱһ˸ЦЦ֪ݡ
޴׳зܣץ˴ս壬޺޵ȺļһҢõĹƻȺ٣ɥֻĹֻܰﱾˣ
崽һ֪ϣΰ
ȰѱٷųȥǱÿԱвǣǹԹҪٸҢã
һЦ˳˸ӵļƻ¿Ҫϸﻮһ
ȥ޴׳壬úðﱾٰɴ£ȱٳȥˣ㣡
ͷҲء
޴׳޷õݹٸԴ޴׳ݹٸԴͶԴ
ηſڲ˲֣ʸ̴ӣҢǱʲô
̴ӵͷ˶˵ţûʲôλ½˳ǣȥǡ޼ҡ
廻·ѣҪ½

뿪ʩϼʱ½г˼Уͷĸ͸ǶŲۣͷĽߵҲǮ
磬ȣ½ȴáŲγߣ˼ŷʩϵĻ
һƬʯѳĸߵأһζѡ޼ҵĹ˹ߴת
ڹ棬һϴʯͷȥקק½ܵ½ǣ롹ƣ½Ъһɡ
½бһƳˣɾ
ʯͷɾĳ˵Ѹɾ
κе½̽ѯߵԴͷ
ǿΪ֮ݲӴ֮˴ݣлᷢġ˵Ŀģߡ
˶񶾡
ճпйص£
šü˼չޱ˿ˮڼ䣬ԹݵչһǮԼû£ȻŰɱ򣬱ûץšֻǱӣ֪ʲôˡ
ͺʹйء
½Ѫɫȥҧ´΢΢ӣɲ׷ˣҲݰյ
ı鸵ʶ½Ȼȷŭæʲôģڲöպ󡭡
պ󣿡½ܻתͷ̶𷽲ŸʩϵĶԻȻǰ谭Ĵҵɡ
һѿڹҲסǿʯͷϣͷ½òΪҵ̫ӣŵǻΪۣ⺣̺壬Ժհɡ
ˣ
Ȼ̧ͷ˴Ц½ѧͬһաһģ⸱Ҳܳ꣡
¿տɢûл졣
½δһۣʯȥ
˵ЩͬʱϵĽ첽½ܣǰϢƬ̣Ŀ⣬һ⣬ˡ
½֪޴׳ڴа̺ۣ
תƵúӲתߡ
½赭дǰУʱġǰ͡
ʲôԲۣ֪ǰ㣬Һθɣô½ˣҡ
ͻȻס
˵ȥˣǰļ䲻½ͽˡ
˾ôĿԣһȻˮ޲һһ壬һʮΡ
޼СȮƺҲΣ˼Ȧس½ܱȥһҧȵļơ
ʲô˲ˣǹˡȻСȴͦ͵ؽƷһʱ·ֻʹѹƣ˶ſڵϣһ
ֱ̫ӡ½ƿĿ⣬ȥ
ʱӭȴڣĿ·½£ֻһˣһҾ½޴׳ҹȥ˵Ұӡ
ҪݸвȹԱΪ˵ҪҢá
½Ŀϣ㽫¸֪ңǺ⣿
ڨЦ˵ģҢŲཫ޴׳δôˣȻҲҪͬ
òǫ½˼ʱ޴׳Ĳĵ¸ҢãĿֻǡ
ҢЩ˵ĽֶΣɱ޴׳
л˵
ͬ࣡
4㻹һ


44 
Դ֪Ǯ;Ѷ ½һֱɱ޴׳ݹԱǲ˵ҪɱҢõк
Ҳɱ ²̫ʣ ֻΪû̫Ҫ
Ȼ˼ ޴׳ﲢֲм١˿ ŴվǸʧá
δֱӻش𣬶ʣЩ Σһ˿Ӧù
˼ ǫѷ޴׳ˣ»ǵһԾ֣ȷЩ֪Ңùܷٸ һ֮
½˼Ƭ̣ ҡҡͷҢÿûж֮ˡ
Ǿ͸˴ˣ ҪҪ
곹Ʒ ʰϵۣ ģߡ
岻ϵø꣬ ΪѵݲŴ˴ Ҫ˴ ˲ͬɡ
˴˴˸ҩ Ȼݻ֪˺ң ˴˽ݹٸֻǹǲ ΪıߣֲȨʲô
һԼͬ½ܡ
½ȿ壬˴ѿ壬ݶֻһʱ֮ƣ֮Ҫξðܳ˴
ֿ꣬⻹Ҫ˴ݵĳ⡣
ҢĻзģ˴£븵Լ˾պʹǰݡ
˿壬½ҲζǴˣǵøյ»û˵Ҫȥˡ
ֻۼʱ½ܶ˵ûƺѾϰһУԾЦţ˵Ңýûжˡ
Ңֻ½һˣˡ
óƴĲ
½ܴ򿪣Ǽ

ָڻһ죬¶еĹƤһʮ޵ĺ죬ֻһطƷ֡
Ǽǰãϱ߼˻ָ֣̫˵긳˰
ڶ꣬걾ѴˣĳͻȻаݣһӻ˵Ǹл̫ӵµЩũȹꡣ
긵껹ǵһյֱ׵ĸлܳЩ޴룬ߵ̫Ͷȥȵ
½ܻĵЦǰӹǴóĻ˻ȥ
ǵزƤûеƷ֡صһںԺºĽ˹
˺֣ջ񣬻ļڣҪһʳ估֮¡
½˵ǾԶļˡ
Ƕ͹ʱ˳ġ˵ĵĻúãҳ뵽½ҲûԹƤˣ֪ɷ
½ܴǳ
ϲ⻨ϲǸһȹʱ⡣õļ䶼ݻ٣ΪҪ
һѻһιʩϼҵĹ
ûȥı飬Ҳ֪ʲô˸겻֪ٵıˣԴȫȻĮ
Σǿ򶨵ĻҪʮգˣҲͰˡ˵ԺĻϲˣʵʶǣղĹԶʤꡭ
½㿴ô꣬𣿡
½ιһѻԶⲽ㲻طЩ˼˵ֻҪȥ˾£Ҿ͸ȥǡҲʳԡ
ǰƴһ䣺˾˾㾹˶Ϸϡ
ϲ֮ɫڸվԭأһģϸˣ½չǱҸ˾ġǰҵֻΪݰ룬˴˴ĵʧɾǰ֮£Ҳ֪ǶԵġ֮˴ǵжԣҪոҲùӺ
ҵȷԸֵȨ½ȣ²ֵһᡣֻҪúõģûʲôܷ
½Ңú޴׳£Ļһûȥ˵ˣֻպһҵ˵ݳš
γȥ½ָܵ˼ڴɱ޴׳ǲ֪ԭί˵Ҫɱ˻зԵģ½ܲͣҲΥ
ҹη޴׳ŲΪһ˲㱻һͱĿڡǰմѪذףֱߣͬԼͱȥһ㡣
޴׳Ϣˣʽ֪ݣһ±ΪǮ;ƽƣ԰
ͬʱ½ܻһͿëŶɴϾ֮ʧǵݣϳҢá
֪ǣǶ˱Ѻ뿪ãڵԺ󣬷ݲ֪˳
պ󣬸갴½ܵҪ󣬴ʮǰԼص㡣˺ŷ½⡪˰ҢõˡʮȥЩ
ЦΪ½ܿϺԼؾǣǵĹϵ˻͡ô˻δ¶˿ƣԽ磬֮⡣
ӱ߾ǣߵÿĻòʮա½ʮܲõֲҺ̫ѷ˲˼
ͷ½һŲ֪ÿŵʱԽԽֻ̣һʱ걾⣬ʱͬ˵仰Ҳ½ӷ˻ȥ
ŵʱ˼˵Ľⶾҩ÷˵ҪԡȪʱָܼ֮֮ʲôȴûе
ֻáࡹֻ֣ܽҺ̬֮
ܲܽⶾҪؾֻҪ˾Ȩˡ
굽߾йɣʵ΢УʱҲҪͬһܲ顣ﾩ࣬ǵĶ˺ܳһһֱӵǽԵɽϣµü
ɽ·ľïܣڵߡ½ܿڳ˯ţžڳ˯ǳ
ȻлһƵġˡǰͬʱܵ磬ԼϵΡ
½ǿۣȴڿʱɫ΢䡣
µ̿һ֧һȼŵ̿ϣ顣
ƿбǼ𣬴ľзɳϰ׼֮һ۱ܿǲ޷ƺ֮Ҳ֪Ŀġ
ͷҢڻЩգԸ߰ļӦ⡣ȥκˣΣյġԼ
ڸǰ½ܾڳڽ䣬ǽںܽκηļ
мڣǷԼĽк½ϵȻȫ˿šȳ̶ȵļ꣬˭ֻҪþͲˡ
ƫƫвҪġ͵ƿ½бȥǵصڳ֮䣬ϸһ֧Ѫˮʪѡ
ĿԵһ˲¶˲֪ǿ޻Цı飬૵û¾ͺá
߽ᣬͣ½չ壬˻ࡣ
ڵİ취ԽԽ׾ˡ½ŤĿ⡣
½ڴʮְȫ껤֮ⷴΣաüΣļ
ƺΣգ˫ǰ죬ƺҪסǰˡǲҵģֻǳڶԷԡ
½ŵ˸϶صζԴ˺ϤֻòŹˡ˵£³
½޴ɶ㣬ƣֱʧ
ӳ⿴ȥ޷ɼҢڶڳӲ޴󰭡½ΪⳡĪϮѾʱȴǰԶֵ֮ĳɷ˵˽ȥ
üͷ΢Ҫ鿴ȴᰴס˷磬ȥɡ
Сһʱ䣬Ѱϵļ˿δüֹѪһСӷ½УҵʱͽȻߡһˣ˵ͽǿ죬ǿһӡ
ͽæʱüţǴӵϼ񵽵ġ
½УһŶҢóԱ顣


45 
½˼Ƭ̣ ȷҢ֮ΪҽⶾĴǴҵģ
½ҲͬӡʱӦеĴеʱڳģȥˣ
Ҳϵˣ תͷܽ
ⳡֻڶеһΣ ȻĿãҢûʵ˵ˣ ϣִ ӲǮ˵ǰ󼸼Ҳȥ١
½ǿŲ壬˵壬ھƥ⣬ Ӫϲׯеĺ֮㡣Ϊ㣬 ˷ҲΪ˵ز鿴顣
ҢýͷĵӣֻĿ꣬㲻֪ĿȷλãҲҷż˼޹½ܱȵ˾Ңã ڿ춯 ˽ӵ֮ġϸ룬ʲʲô
ŵļж ļ ܷųġЩ˳ʱ ƾO@ĽŲҲóʮˡҢڲ˼ֵڣ ôģ
ͶԵ֯ô˵
˼ţ ˯ȥ
ǣ ˿ڵĸ½ܻض ûѣ û˸ǻҢã Ƕ֪Ңõλá󣬸ֻö㬻˶
½ܵ˾Ңãƣ˽·ȷǲ֪󣬱һͷ˯
ϢգԾûϴȥһ·ƣ˵Ѿϲׯ꣬ЪסˮգϺĴ멣ڳš
ϲׯǣΧƽ˿Ҳ࣬ߵ߼·ߡ˹ˣ󶫼һ¥ãһƥƥؼͷĲϡ
Ȼʱòףһľϣ彩Ӳڴߣÿ𲼵Ķʮּѡ
ⶾĴ˵ҺþȵüʱȻһ¶²˴ʮ죬Ǿˡ
ſڶ˼ֻ˵Ϯ⣬
ûиЩߣȴҲûϡֱգϲׯſһ󵶱֮˼ˣҪЩ·ǵأ
ׯһƬսΪشƫƧżм·ն࿴ۣܡ
ܿ죬˱㴦ƣһ˵򲻹ġϴǳɣⰡ
ǺϴȴȻסƣԶԷ˵ȲˣҪǸġ
˵ţеĵһߡǼ״ֻ벼ׯ
ϴǰ˳ǧû뵽ȻӲؾ㳲ɣǸСҲɱ㣬ߵļۣǿԷŹ㣬ԿǰɱҪɱˡؾóãٸӵ㣬׬ô
嵭ˣȥ١
ϴ˻һ˱˿ӽűׯĻס赹ڵء
ȵϵ͸ˣ巽˽һʬӳȥͷĸǼˣһͨ˴
½ܴڵʱ˵ŸʬֳܾʬЩϤ˵ӰȫʧŷӦǡͿ
Ŀ˼Ƭ̣漴ׯȥ
ƹſڵȴȶ񣬹½ˡƹڴãɡ
½ۺɻֽͣǶˣƹٴϮ˼ǰ
½һһתһһ䣺붫޸ϵǰسơ¡
ڲׯüƹ壬½΢΢죬ȡϵĶʮּѣжʱԼ
ʱӦÿһ¶Ҫʹ״»Ҫʵס
½ܻǰΪĲϣһҢ½ܣƹΪˣѯʰ顣
巭ƤɨһۣҢãЩԳؾõģôʹǵ
½ܱش⣬ɼ˵ģԺȴ޶ʱʩ˵̬ɵýŵỺƹеⶾҲйüʱҲͣЩӡʱ˾ƹʵҪ˵Ҳ̫ۡ
˵ЩȻеǳǳůͨȫ
ǲͨ˵½ܡ
ЩɾһһΣһһ𡣡Цˣſڵ˿ϷʶλˡһСģͽ£֪ʲôҽˣǵĶԹԼȥɡ
½ȳлʣƹ˵ؾáҴδɣǿɻ˵˱ģ
˵ؾýãδŰɡ˵˻ǧɱңȻ˵ҿøǮɱҪɱҵˡ
½üؾĺǮҲ׬޵ߡ
ʣƹͷǺҪأ
⼸Ҳׯ붼롣üȥҸĸȥׯңҰһ󣬱˿ˡҵҳӣҵĻҵĻơҲͰˣ˭ϵһ쾹Ҫҵ
˺ݶɶʲô
ʲô޷ҼҵĲֺּˡ
Ŵԣ½ܵĿ˼
Ңӵٽ漰ġҪӣҲϸʵԭίȷҷ֮ܳˣŻ֡
ؾõģΪ׾ȡϲССҲ
ΪκͿҪΪһ£˵ɣ֮⣬ؾҢûûԵǣ
޹أϳһɱɣҢõҲӲܡ
½ܴǱ壬뿪ϲׯʱſһ·Ըǰ
ֲ½ܵհɡ
ȥҪʲô̶֣Ѩ¸öЩ˻
ȻһصҢãôϢһҹ֮˼ʮڣһ仰;̸ʧˡ
½һʧļʮڣؾãҢõ
һд½ܵһӦǷŭǾţھΡ
ֻǲ²⣬пûܺҢãŵؾĳ֡
һ˴˺һֻǷԸ⾩Ǹ춯ûؾøʲô
ĲԽԽأӣʶԼȥ
ȥ֮ǰȥһ˾ԭҪ˾ֻǸ߸ĽڣɸȻİƸúõֵȨ
ʱԭȾڵ˾ԱӯӭҲĳ˵ūɳá
սĵطٸнǳʾ˸ƣŽӴġ
Ϊ굣γٵ˾ȻɹҪúһɿ˹Ĳִ֪ʩʱ仯󣬴֮ҲϺ˰ΣҲָϸڴĴ
˾Ʋˣ½£˱׷ȥˡ
æµĸã⣬ʮҢþǰ
½ܵһ̤붫֮һֱرΪĸ⣬ҲἤЩļ䡣
ȻʵϣÿһҪķѲΧ¸ûȥע⣬˼ʲôˡ
ſڵŷԺ򣬹Сʱ֣ŷǼһ·ϣ½ܿΧ˲࣬ԽԽ٣ʵŷʱͷʲô
֣Ǹòʵģ·Ը½ˣԺ˶Զأòȫ
½Цһ
һأΧľƣǶһʧ޵Ĳ񷿡ҢּΧһȦȪΣȴ춯ȥˡ
ȪزˮʻƵĽ軨꣬סˮ·⣬ˮڣƬ
ǳĶɫڳر߽ŪȪˮˣһõЦ½ʲôԤˣͲˡ
½ȴһ˿飺Ϊλ
ᣬ˸롹ƣⲻҪ½ˣٰҩŽˮϾ÷Сûϵ½ΣĶɲ
½߹ȥСӻȡƿһҩ裬Ϊϵطˮϡ
һ֣ҩ㿴ˡȪСܽӦŨҶסӵΣʱڲʧ㲻ż
½ѹ˫üųı仯ʣǡ֮Ԥˣ
պôƿֵȡұµҩϻĳʳ̵Ӻͽв¶Եİɣɳ˵֮壬˵ͬҴһ͹ء
էȥƺûʲô⡣
ԸԱߵļڣˣ죬صǼ
л˵
꣺#@&
ĵķ֪Ͳµɶ= =һ4


46 
㡢ʲôһ֣ ͱܵ
̫ӵҪ֤ҵİȫ֪ΪΣ֮㡣½վڰߣˮƵĻ꣬ ˵̫ӵ½ Ұ󲻵ã
Ķͣ£ͷ ˽ȥ
Χûˣ һð׾Ȧһԡԡۺͻϴ½ԡӣֱȫûزŽ¡
ҩسݽȥ޲ͬ ֻůúʮʡɽ֣ 軨꣬ˮһֱ¡½ܿϳرڣȫ Ժһ˾ һؾãһߡ
أ еھ겻ĺڽɶ·ɽһˮ ƽǣ ڻļϸ塣
½֪ ⺮Ⲣδڻ ֻǱô ڻˡȱģ νʲô֮
ҩ ʳ иꡭ
ҩнݵ𰸡
ᵽһֲѰĲ֮УƺʲôطȻԾˣҩֱӴһһֵȴ״̬
ǸӿԴӡ꡹òеʵԸ
ͻȻ׸ʲôǳɳеġࡹ֡
һȣִݣ
ͨһ½ԾɵȻΨ˲ܽⶾǱˡ
˵Լ֮塣
ﱾ֮˵ĳִ̰ЩҲǲܡ
ˣʲô˼ԥͷ
ʱĸ˫ֱ˿ƲƽõĲ񷿡йùζ
ı飬Ͷס˿۽üȴǳЦ⡣
ַʽ½ܲٵǱ˺ܰڶⶾ͸ˡ㶾ܳ׽ֻӻҲˡ
񷿵źȻˤҢõ˽˳ȥ͵رϣȡ֮
һ۱㿴˳ˡлţ󿴵Էģ̶ֳֻȣһҲǰˡǰ½Ƥ죬ӦˮݳģϾ̫ã˲٣ԭǾµǸͻˣȴһ㲻úÿ
Щ뷨ֻһ۵ʱ䣬Ծͷȥµ½ôͺˣɾһЩ
½ܲδش⣬˳ָˮöһˮͻ꣬ڱ߾ʱҩҩ֪㲢Ϊʲô˴ݵĹϵֻΪֺҡ㻹ǧټΪѰýⶾ֮ҹǶ࣬Ϊҿǡ
ǰծ㻹ʱ
˰Σ½ΪδʱͻȻ˵Сĵػش𣺡˵۳ǰûЩҵĶûҴսҵĻʹʱһǷˡ
ﴫһЦ½ζĻ˵һֱ㣬ҲĸԸˣ
֮¡½ң֮ҡ
Ҳװ㣬ҪĻرҸˣֻܸôࡣ½ܱͷǰ˵ĽңǷȻˣ
תøЩϣֻܵͷȻҶ½δı䡣
Ǻã½ܺطԸҲ
ȫ״ȴҲ֪ôʣֻĻ
ðԷԶԶվţ½ȴ¶Щͷ飬°ָָԼߣ⡣
ֻСŲȥԽǿͷԽͣ俴ʲôҲŶԷһξ룬ûˮһʲôҲ
ɸŰ£½ܱȻߣϥ
˵һըʱס˫ۺҪץסʲôֺʲôҲץס˫һ䣺½㡢ǡ
ҵãҲҵĻر
½ˮ֮Ƭ̣һ٣󽥽˫ûˮС
·Ƿˡ
֪ԼӦԭίܾôף״£Է·á
һú㣬էȻӽһ±ǽԼŸ
ǿƣȻϲ׸ܿˮתͷˮУøϰߵķʽǯʹ·ӡ
ˮɽ軨Ʈȥء
꿴ˮң½иһ룬ӭƾܡ
֪һ˲ͻȻֹͣ
żΪ˵ϣǰ
ǰ½ǰֳ⸱ģֻڸţֳϲ̡
Ƕƭ˵ġ
ǰ֮£ھΣÿζܶ࣬ȻҹߡʱҲвȥˡ
ϧӶϣǰ˸ʲôǸ߸ɱ
һʱƣظ˽ӵڻ鲻Խ
º˫ĴжϤģֶǼΪԶģʱõĪĶ͡˿Ǵݣ˫۲ԾؼӴҪԼѪ
ֻڼϢ֮䣬˺ܶܶࡣǰǹڽ
ȻҾûã㱻͵ƿ½絶·һھͶסˣģҪҶ
ΣڨЦ½ǰϲֻǡ
ġ½ܺݺҧ
겻ʣ磬ٲȥĵطֶϥϷšôһͣҲǰֻʹԼݲݽ
ĸڶԷʱ飬ɵñۣǰǾΥ£·һ̡
ֱһģÿ
ڶԷϲ˲䣬ģұһһС
ͬĻ½ܲ˵ڶΣڸϼѨλһ£ʱˮС
ҵʹϴ½ǰʱҲС
Ҵˣ½֪ˣҽ⿪ٲˡŤغ
²Ϊ½һ˰ˮ⿪Ѩ
ʹȥˮĨ˰ϵˮͻ꣬½Ȼתæϰҹѣ׷˹ȥ
½ԭڲ壬ڸǡշ죬ֺȻеɺЩôµ֮ĸҹסļҲ˵ǰȥá
½ϵ´Ǳ֮ѸеںڼᡣѰɣͻҢˡ
һСϵͷǰƣۡЪһЪ߰ɡǡûˡҸЩ裬ŪЩģҶɡ
̬ǫ½ȴͣ¶ɭȻ˵һΣֻⶾˣĪҪǣԵĽ
еĹٿȻҧ´ܿƵطҲΪõûпǹҵ뷨֪֪ղڳȢʱʲôѶˣȻֻң
Ȼץס½ܵסҲҪıҪĲ
ҵǸ½ܷ֣ȥƮƮģԸˣ˭һ
ǰͣ˫չڵأץ½ܵ½ͷĿУҪұˡҰˣҲԹҲܰ㹰ˣˡ
½ܲδֱӻشֻԶҪϴ멣ȴҪôˣžǸ춯֮Ңõģֻ֪ǽؾã˽ӹڵҪ˷ˡ
תͷЦһҵȷһζȡ֪رⲻرҲûʲôֵǮı£ɣҢýãĶЩɱֶΡ
Ҫȥɱ̰ɱɱʵֻۣҪ漰ݣҶܡ
½˵ЦˡЦɫȻѿľ춯ְڣǶ೭һݣҪꡣ
½ܸе𽥻ָ뾡Ңʴ򣬲Ըڶ鹦򣬱û˵ѣ뿪
ֻиԭվá
ϲ˵£ʪȵĴڴߣɱЩȴĮɫͻԼ뾱ϺۼƵġá֡
Ȼ䣬˫Ŀ죬һ߷磬¹ϵͨͨɨڵأһ
̾߬ȭڳرһȦ֪ηйͨһȪҷĴһƣߺˮС
ģ½˵಻һõĹߡ
е飬ǰͱٵһɶˡ
ˣԭǲġ
л˵
Ҫ


47 
½ܻصҢã ĸı棬˵ڼ볣졣
ֻԼ֪Ȼܲ Ҳûл˯⣬ ״ֻ̬ʱġڱɽһˮڻ˱㣬 ںˮ£ ʱ׼¶ᡣ
Ҳ˵ڶ£һΡ
½ܵûʲô  Լǰ˭ֻǵôݿʼˣϲֳҵĸóһ˪˶ʱ
ֻǴ˷ ͺܲˡº󻹾ݣ ˵ʲôҪȢͺѡôԼˡ
ν֮岻֪˭ǣ ϸ껹 ʱĿꡣ
ѵõľ ½˾ܡ
ݽ˴ҩߣҲΪر ˫ల£ ͨó糣
½ԭΪֻǸ޴׳µĹȣ ûʲô汾£ ֪Сߺ£ ִ޴׳ʱڵĳ¹棬 ˲ı䶯̽˴
˴˾ߣ˿½һ۾֪ڲ˺˴˸ǰ¾ŴݡҲѹ֣Ͼǰۼڱҡ
İ佳ģᣬϸڿǲȫ½ܱ˾޾ϸؿ޸ġ
˼գȥϲׯӵڻر˵Ǳһֱδ˵ңƹҲúõġ
Ϣ½ܲ˵ӾҪɣǸؾõģûɱ壬ȴɧϲׯҪҪ
ؾõ£ҢӲһֱž춯ûʲôмֵϢ
½ȥһʡ
뵽һֱţûʱҲûǰ֪ʱǰȻǰ˷ԸûŷȺ򣬶ֱӴ˻
òŵȵ꣬ķϻڵˮǸոսԡϴһ뱻˴šĿʱһ¶ȻЦȫȻǲǰǱ
½˵⣬ӣվݸۡ͵鷿ˣ
ӵʱӦ᷿¼Ҫߴ͵鷿
Ҫͷȴ½ܵ鷿ҾͲˣ԰Ҵɡ
鷿ﶼ˴˲νˣպȴڣұ֤겻Ңõ鷳
һָֺͣܿȻǱ͵¥
˴ңͷ԰ӡֱߵ¥ᾭŽСԭַԸܿ·½ܵһȦ¥ʱѺˡ
¥³ʱ½ܳ࿴һۡǵԭ࣬Щ࣬ǰйʱδ¥ڲ֪ΪΣʮ峺һ¥һӳ˷羰
渵˶¥ٽп¶̨һСݣţӽǺܺá½Զң¡
ҹãļ϶½ͷһǰӲ֪㾰¡
ÿɣվһԣǰ㣬һмûˡǰϲҹʱһҲ½һʱ¥ǰ࣬Ҿ밡½徻ȾˣһϲҲͰˡ
ⲽҲ֮ǰʱѻر߾һҲ֪ôģࡣڣһҲҹ
½˵ڵұͲϲʲôҹգҲᵽ۾
֪˶Ҫǰ¡
ܿ޴ı飬Һôʱ֣ݣϣЩǽʮվݸ¼ۡǲūȥѰ֮ǰġ
Щɡ½һ΢΢üַҳȻ޾ϸļҽ¶ţëؾʲô
ſ˼ҳȻõԼǰ½ӲźЩΪˡҪʲôϢѧȰɸһ飬Ъžˡ
˵ָĿڣҰ½ҷ֮£
һ˵½ܾܾĻѹȥٹЩ飬ԸҪη֪ԭίЩ
ã½Ъһƣ¹Ҳá
½ܲŲ䶫ǰ¥ǰûĵطðȡǰͷ˼μ̸֮飬ϲģַ
ʮһҪʱ䣬յ¥ʱֻ³ϣȴͷ˶ġ½ܵӲǰǰҹҲŵס
ڼϵ鷭꣬ͷﻹСһ龹ûдҲûĿ¼һᡣ
һҳһ󰸵ĳȴֻϵùżķˣ߱ʴϸ壬Ҳü߷
½˺棬˼ҳǶִδȻ˼ֱȥùһܵ·ȴסץסù٣һѽˤλϡ
½ܲõԤСһӷ˰뱾ȥ򿪵һҳùż̶ϣ¶Ϊʹ飬˹ȥ
½һЩѻˤڵϡٴӹóÿͷͬʱȴ;ͬ顣
½ʱΪڳоӪϵû˳³磬ֻûļҹðӰˡֶȻûʲôȤ١ӡҪôڻ԰ҪôңĵͶŲȥϣ˫߸ˣ±ϻҪ´һ
ϵЩҲͰˣûʲôϡ棬ֻǹֱ̫Щ·ϣǿȡᣬʲô˼Ϊ˰Ϸ룿
Ÿ˵طһûˣôЩǰġ
ʮӣЩҲûʲôϡ棬˼ҵø޹ء½ҪŻȥȴվЦ½ҶˣҪôҪȡ
½ϵĶʱɫٿȻҴܹЩһȥײϹţ½һѣм£½
½ܲϸЩᣬվߣߵһȴĪǰһڽһҪֱϡҺֱۻڸǿס
ôҪȥϢ꽹Ƶ
½ﲻ壬߶ֻüĿվԭءˣǿҵĸоѹȥĺˡ
ҩЧӦֻм죬⼸ްԼŪ̫ۣ̫졣ÿһỴ̂ʮһҲ˶á
ˣҪϵ飬
ʣҩô
ݺ˿ૣôô졭
ܿ췴Ӧ˵ûõģһѽ½ܴᱧ¥ſڵӷԸ˾ʲô
½ܱø£Ңõ˶һԣ˭˺áû˿ھܾҲȥˡ
ֱȵȪУѪţůˣŽָһЩ
ۣԶһ˫һգգضĿȫǽţǸҩɳû˵һܹܶãҲֻ֪мգҡ
Ժһƣ鷳㡣
Ҳ鷳½ҵ㡭Ļǵί
½ܺȻãǰĸСʱеʲô¾⸱ģ䵭˾͵뷽跨ȥ塣ʵں岻ˣͱڻһģһͻϲЦտ
ЦѵڵĸãԼǰ庢ȥô
½ܸĲ磬ڳرϣͷǣ˵ţǰڱ߾Ңôɱ㣬һйӣͻб䣬ôһ±ضɥ㵱ʱָܿˡ
̫ӣôźˣǰǰı֣áտ˰¥Ļᣬȷš˵ĪѨ֮ʧЧˣ
Ĭ˺þã͵͵ǵѨ⡣ĸѲײң˸ˡ㶫вֵģҲܡϾˡڰŽСǵһΡ
½ܲ˵Щȴ˵٩£һˮ͵̫ӵ£ȻΪ˱ܾһˡû㣬߸ɴˣ㻹󹬲Ҫô֮¼ǹ£Ϊһ֮˽ڸ
Щ½ͽ̹ҡ޾լ򣬷÷ʢૣƺУ㽲ЩʱҶڹµˣ֪ʲô
½ܲ˼޷Щۻ֮°ˡ
ǣȻվǰʱ룬ҿԲҪ檣Ҫá˭ҪңҾɱңҲҪȨλҲաҲκΪ˭Ҳҵ˼ǰˡֻΪʱ
ƽ½ŲŲͷŶһ
Ȼ£˫ϥסգ㷽ſЩᣬҵ֪¥ºŪġŵ½ʧƣҾйޡ
½˸ƵģƮƮһ䣺ֲá˵ҿųС̫ӣʱѧôֶΡ
Բ𡭡
֣Լʱ˵ʲô
½ܷ·֣ˣɡ
ãˮжԷֵΣͷȣʱС
򸣺ܱһЩ
½Ȼ뱻Ҳʱ첻ȪˮѰѺ⻯ʱʧһˮ˾䡸紦ȥ
۶ٴЩĹǸͷĴ̡ˮƽ˺һ׷󣬼½ϡ
˫ϥ´ֲһ˫Ҳ´´αϵ
ǡ
½ͣ¶ӣڻ￴ġǰҲϲܷЩҪҡ
ÿֶ絶һ㣬һ²ڸϡ֧Ųס˫һڵϣȥЩ´ƴҡͷҲϲҲġ
ǰϲ½ܣ·˾ͳԼԶѡ
֪Լ޴ƣֻ뽫½İַʽ֮
½Щ£ƺԼδµĴ嶤һĻڸģҲҪԶ
а취ıʲô
Բ𣬶Բ𡭡
ʧȥǣֻܲϵǸ֪ûãһˮϢʲôҲˡ
½ƫƫһҲ´ȫ⿪̾˿ϴұ˵ˣǿҩЧʱޣٵˣɣ㴩ѣͷҽиҢõ˹˭ԡ
򶼹סӽһ£Ȼ̱ڵء촽ϼΣ϶³ˡСҪ֮塭
֮岻һԼˣеġ½治ɫ
ԣʱʧȥ֧ŷڵأ΢΢һץס½ܵĽףԽԽȴһ˵
֪½ûûа취ⶾֻñ֪˭֮壬ֻһԡֻҪ½Լ⵱£ֻɽⶾβ͸ʲô
½ܲۿʶ½Լġ
ñȾָ衣
ҿԵġ½ұˣҿ԰ⶾ
߬ŶԷĽףָ׼
½ߣ⸱ӣ
ʱ֮⴫£Ҫҩƺˡ
ʱı鼫ΪѿܳȥˣʹӽҩƷ⣬Է뿪ٳȥá
½ܵһյ͵ǰŽСҸȵľơ
д֮á
½ǳ˳αء
µľƺܿЧҡߵ½ǰ˫۽Ȧм䣬ȴĿ⣬㲻ӦΣ½ʼҵˡҾøˡ
Ƶʸı䣬ҩƵڼأܲס֡
½ܾô޶ٷŭͷӷŭ
ţ½ܱεķʽƺ˼Ҫ˫۲ǻǼ
û̫̿ˡˮɡ
˱·ʮֱŤȴִزϳһֱأڳرϡ
ҩȫȻ꿪ʼԼǰɫĮˣ۽ǽʪˡ
ѡڳˮоΪˮ뵣ʧ̬ҲеڡȻܿ죬ˮ㲻ܿƵع
󿴣ʱĸڲֶεذǰ֮ΪСҩңƵ̰ˡ
ƹŤȻǼΪʹġ˫ʾѹƫѹסˮ˳շ£ڳˮС
ǰ˴ʱʮˣԽԽеܣ½ȴû˿飬ܱһ
Ƚ֮½ܱ޸ϵֻԼ¿ĳŵĵףԷ޹ء
໥õ£ȴһǻġ
ʹ֣ҪȥҲҪꡣ
ҪԸ½ܽⶾ½˱ˣĻ衣
ҩֻ˷ܣÿԼľ£ŬҲ޷Լĸо
ⳡս̫ã½ܼձߺδɵȥޱ飬ƺֻڿݵȡ
½ȴڵȪ޹ءԶ˭Ҳĸ졣
쵽ˣΪ½˾䣺ˡ
Ĺػ̫ò˿Ļˡһ˲·صȥʱ˾ͻ½ҲỰ
ֻҪôһ仰ѹõ͵к쾡µ겻ıɽϡ
δУ˺仰ٲҩЧҪˡ
ԭеᣬı⡣
л˵
Ұֿҵһƹ


48 
º 꾡ԼģҲƣʣҹ̫ˣ ʰӣ ½Ъ°ɡӻָҪЩʱ򣬵ٿݸ飬 ɺã
½ܽǰ˰һߣ һվߣ鷳ˡһҢá
ҢãΪ죬 Ͻ׷ȥ æ߶߶ȡëδָҹҲˣαڣѵסһҹ һʲô㲻 Ųˣ¡
Ϊ£½ܻ࣬ ҹס£ ζͱˡұߡ
˵ţ ½ѸٲӴѣ뿪ء
ֻʣվڰߡ
½˵ò ҹס£ Ƿ¾˼´棬 ޷նϵᡣ
ߣ ¾ֻ ֻһöѡ
½ܵȻֻġ
ҹ ½ܺҹ˯£Ծƽʱڰ¥վȵһ˲ԼҪȥɴȪʱѸе
֪δᱣ״̬˵ʲôʱͻȻʧء
򵥹£˵ӽؾõţҲûи
½ܱȥ˶ſڵƺ֪Ҫæӭ鷿
ų³ӦСᣬ̫ͨȥ֪ôˡ
ϸȦںڣ۾׵ˣɫҲʮְڸǲõЦ½ʱǣ·ԼǱȫȻδ
½ϿɺЩˣҩЧΣʱ崺硣
š½ûжĻֻܵͷ鿴Է顣
һۡɸѡҳЩ¼½һһȥĿһϾþͣפ
һˮ˷ˮʱػ˯̣ʶδˮעδֻ
½ָڡ̡·
עǰͣΪˮӵĿҶŹģǶܵĻеʲôƻˣҴ˷ˮͼʲôˮһһšŷˮţˮҲͲũﰡ
һ׮Σ⣬ҲΪǸرְضܱݸ
½ܳҢƶʱĶҩرҪʱͶΪ̡ʱ㹻ֲ̫˲ػ˯̣Լ˯ţҩ
˵ձ̧߻ſڽУСˡ
չΪӸˡݣ½ܸɴطԸȥݸηк˵ҢҪǰؾˮ֮ˡ
ǣҪתͣסΪѵͬô찡ҢöԾݸҲûйʲôݡ
ͬ͸ӡֻʰ飬ǲģ˿Ҳ¡
ͷǺáҡ԰ɡ
ȵȡ
꿪ڽסҲ֣
֣ݣҸˣöȥݸηǸǰؾˮ֮
֣Ӧһȥˣٶ֮½Ƕȥ궥ǶԺȦ½ЦҿûκιϵǰҲôʦС£ѧľ֮Ͱˡ
½üͷ΢ǴĽһˣĪҪ
½Ϊҵ
ֻʹӣһҪǣ㡣ûΪ㵣ġ
Ļ˹߳Įű㳡
һ˶촽ƺ˵ЩʲôȴʲôҲû˵ֻĬĬͷ
ĩ½ڵĵط˶֪̿Ȼ½ҹҩʱûк⣬˺Ϩ˽ű̿裬ֽȽյĴӴ򿪣©ЩŻķ硣
ЩȻʣؾã˵Ҫ𣿡
ǹ񣬾ݸҲܺܿסΪһЩҢã߶ˣȻ޹ءҲǲ֧壬ֻǲףΪģ
½ܱ紵ҲҢδܹܽ££Ӧ󻼡УͻȻôЩˣҢڲ³⣬ұ塣
ôҢõģ뾩ݸϵ̫ӵ£㲻Ҫٹܡ
Ӧͷ㴫Ų֣ر˵Ѵ
˴£ͷ棬˫һ͸ϣԼϵ˺ۣȻòᡣ
͵һ򣬲ס˿ͷ̫ӵ£λˣСĻȥˣûˮӱ˭˰СʲôҲ֪ˡ
ò裬ҲգضĲ豭˸ڼϣηˮôȰɡ㲻ؾţʵػ㡣
ǿظԼɴ౧ﵹһ趼ȥĨһǵʰɣСʲô˵
½ܿһĻǰԼʱҲǼûʳˮ˸ǿһ裬һģſʻʱȥϸ
ԷسԺţŹۣȴܶ˵ЩҶֵأϵ˷㣬ֵķġ÷󲻾ñʮ룬סʱ㵹ֵ˯ˡʱպӡ
ˮȥˮϿһۣբž˴򿪣ˮ˲ȥȥˮ˾ˡ
½ʣͷɿˣǺֵģ
ÿͷıͲͬһˣڣִŸµñӣûƼģǵҿˣǹ𻨹㺮⣬ֻûóԣǷŶˣJûš
𻨹㺮⡭
ǿҧһĸڵϣ𾪵ҡѲɱҩˡ
½ĿסˣһһʣǷݹ㺮⣬ֻ飿
Էͷ
½ܺȥ
½ȥģ׷
½ܻѸٵ±ڰ졣дá˵ղ϶ͣƬ̣첽鷿
ϳԸϳڿӱ޳ǣȥˮӡ
Ң÷Դڹ֮أǱƶ븴һǽҩֳʳ֮Уִʱȡá
㺮⣬Ңҩõ֮һ
ʹͳһĿ̣׽Уһ飬Ҳ顣
ͷʱһ̵ģֻδ̫ףЧҲȶ֮Է飬ԭֻǡ;
ڱ𴦵Ҳˣ²һ꣬Ϊ˹ʼʩһˮӵĿѾ죬ˮӻ˵ش񿴹ܣʲ˽¡
㶾Ĺ𻨹㺮ҲͳŸղʣǰ֮ûǾֻнա
Ȼһֻǲ²⣬½ܷĲ£ҲԸŹؾйصȻпɣʹǰ
ˮɽУٽڴмֵֻһãʱͷһءмõģʧޡ
ɫͣɽ½ܷԸ˷ɢ䣬ʱŶ򡣶ԼŽӽЩõֵһҰõĶȥ
ֵľʵģǽܳѿﰲ˿ľΪӣɢùζ
½ܲʰ˸ɾط£һ͸ɽϣʮ˵Ķ鴩Ңִʱĺ¡ϳΪǸëš
ڳ˼֮ʣֵźȻ֨ѽһˣſ̽ǴЦĿݡ˱װĸڣ½ŹǲµǽҹҪﶯô
СֵＷˣ㶼ǽڣмľҲֻһȭ˴˵ĺš
л˵
е飬4


49 
½ϰ߸ڸֳͻȻ֣ ǻ̵ɽȣЩȡ
ģ
ͷֿ ڨڨҰ㳵ף һ·ġ
½һ飬ֲ·ϾóҪԹ ˱΢֮£ Ц
̧߻㲻ҪٹܣˣǾ½һĻ
úܽ ½ܱǴˣ ȴȻеһֵĸܡҹݹȪղþľָоǡȪǹɳ嶯
ܿƣڷ̣ 롣 ȴڲסͷԾ졣
½ôˡ
ʮֻңɶ࿴һ ȴ һȻ顣
ǰ벽 Ұɡ
½׹ ںн̫ã Ȼõȣ ͣ ǡһ뿪Ȫļգ ָоûУ ֻʼն˼㲻ǿҡ
¶ܵõ˴˵ĺΪǵⶾˣƵĸܱ㱻յ
⣬һѾ뿪ߡֻҪµɽУܿͻٴγ֡
ֵҡҡ׹ڴ£֨˲
½ܾҧأǶ˻û뿪ֻҪԶ㣬Ҿͺˡ
ȫڲ䵭Ѹٱɢˡ
껺ϻ£Ҳˣʱ÷ˣҲӣ֪жܡ£ûġ
ԷӦͻȻչȥഥɲǣ½һܵؽƿһԡ
ȻҲûϵַӦԭسĬһ͵Ϳڣ½ôϲţ
֪ǰҢܹܶ࣬۸㣬㲻˰ѱ԰Լ¶šô꣬û𣿡
֪Ҵǰ£½üͷ
гϧԵҲͰˣ¶ҪţͲܶԼõ㣿ԸίԼҲ̼ί
Ҳίá
½ҵĺͷϴʾܾ
ǰĿ·ӿŲǴصıضʹ
չȥüỺĻҲ㲻ͬ⣬һֱãпطǺҵġĮ룬̤ҵ⣬⻹ҵ㣬㻹úõءһΡ
ǰ̽ͷ죬㡣
һ־Υĸܳ½ļ䣬İĴ̼ѣΡȪֻø֮ȫûԼʱֲʵҲֹǰͦһʱ䣬Ȼ벻¡ϴΣҪ׷ݵǰڰŽСˡ
ɵýץľƱľм̳Ѫ
Ƭ̣ĸˣԺﾹðͷӸĥ䡣
ŸĻڶߡòϣ˵ûƲˣȷǳ˽⡪ʼס嶯ȴеʮֱơ
ͶбҪѳϰߡȻŸġ衹ֹ֣ĵĳصͷ
Щ½ʶظı䱻ľ档仯֪˫ְԼ
½ƺʲôȷΪɡ𲱾˫ۡ
İڳ̬ʱᵽΪθ꽫⿴һ衣ǰǫعţէȥ¹ڳһ˲ţȴҪȥƻȥûȥڽ¡
ЩĶһȴԸ֮ˡ
ΪԼֻϰ׼֮ƣȴһվսʿһ㹥ˣ̬ǿӲݷ
գٵ֧飬ߵԶǰһŷʤߵıʶˣҪʹ֤Զݻٻ
꾫µ򢡣⵱ˡ
֮½ܿƾɵľͷǽϣ촽ȻһЦ½Σﲻ͸ңϲҿʱˡ
ƣӿ½ܺȻǰһʮֻЦͷͣͼʲô
ͼʲô½ѵ֪ǲ֪ǲԸŰɡ·ϵҲҪϰˡӵ˴ԼҪˣ￴žͺãµĶҡ
˵ǰ㣬½ܶ˾䣺óԡ
תߣ½վס
֪˵ʲôͣ½ŲȴͷΪʲôҪǵĽΪ½Ȼˣô⣿
ҴʲôϵֻԼȴݣʣǸĸΪ½ܶġ㲻ҪңᷳҵĴڣǾɱңֻҪһţͲıԼĻ
ûлͷֻ̧˻ӣ뿪ֵ
½Цо
Ӵ⿴ȥ˵Ǹֵſóƽ̸䣬ԷλãѿصƷ
½ܲ⣬ֻΪ˹۲죬ԸԷľͺãαԼɿأ
Ƭ̣ɽڴһűװ֮ˡŸʳУڵֵʳеݽһֲ˵ˡ
лҲȥ˭ʳУһС̹Ƭ⣬һ顣
ϸѯƬͷȴ֪һͷСһڳԵӣΪڵͷǷĳˡ
֪ⶫ÷Ե뿪ſϡ
Ǳװ֮ſڴ￴˿ƣɽ߳ˣһͬˮȥ
ʱ½ܴҢں͸ĶɽϣԷӦɽڽӦֻǴùģǶץ˻Ҳ˲죬ܸҵؾӪصλãҢٵķʽǹǻġ
˼ȥҲûõʲô⣬ֻҾӲġ
˽ˮӣſϵĸȻֵҲˮȥûκһ棬ֻԼɡ
ˮӹ̽ʱֳṹǵһЩˮмеСţֻҪ򿪾ܷˮȥŵĿڲ
һ̨һֻܵתֱΪˮӼҪˮֱšբŵģֻҪʱŻһֱˮӶϣ°šɻأûиʱ򲻿
̨֮£ͷ̨ϡ˲ʹֱóһʮָӵĻеһբŵĻءһֻ˲ʱ䣬ֱת
բű򿪣ǻˮ̰䵽²㡣
Ϊ죬ʹûеأͷҲܾϸƽءڹɵĻеҲûⱾ£õʲô
˼ʱȴॡһűһӱ߷ҹû˯һʱ񣬼ϷŹд˲
̨ϵʮ־ѭһָŶԷ󺰣ʲôˣǱˮʲô
ôˣǳƬ𣿡Ϊ׵ĺ˵һ۱װ֮ˣǸصĹٱɱ˾ǡ
˫֣¶֮ɫ𡢱ɱңǹٸˣЩʿٸ£ҶԸǡ
Ϊ׵ĺԥƬ̣ˣȥϴ󣡡
Ƕ˴̨ϼ˰ӹַ£п˶ԷˮƽѰĽʿˣȶõȥ
ȻȻֵÿֻη壬ɶԷˮӡ
֪ԼѡΣա
̽ؾõ·ҪѡһЧ˺Сİ취
½˺С
½һֱֵȻˮӣûҪȥֻȸ꿴ǰһĻе죬꾹廨
Ȼزסˣ½ߵĲݴԶڶֻǲ
ʱͻȻεĲݴԣ˸׷ٵƣҡҡͷʾǲɽ
½ף


50 
֮ǰ£ ½ܾͺܲˣֻǰСæҲȥˡҪ »ã һʲô£׵ֻҢá
׷ȥȥ ¶Ҫ ӣ
ԸġػΪֹҢӰ죬 ȴûô˵һ䶼御 ȥ׷ҲûʲôãԼڶˮȥˡ
һߣ걻˴ɽڴͷëš˵ϴ ˮѾ򿪡ǱϵĿأ Ƭûŵǿբˡûɱ Ϊ˵ܸǹٸ£
Ҽ㡣ëŶ ԣ ݣ½һ𡣡
½ܣװģ˼һ ü Ŷ Ң ȷǴ˴ٸˣ ˡ
 ëų彣ڶԷϣǹٸҢã㵽ʲô˵
ţΧĲݴԷɳɳ
ãˣ
а̾ʱôסˡŷԸ˲Ҫ¶Щ˾Ȼ
ǲصÿ죬δöԷ֡ʱëѣﲻȫϴ󣬴˼Ⱥ½йϸ𣬻Ǵȥɣ
ëջؽͻȻǺͲݴԡŨǼŸɿˡ
ɽ·еʱĳ˵סЧôõʲôССɶġȥҲټ͵ڹһ˽
һܻųȥ
ֻԼˣ޷Ϣݳȥ½ܾ޷ؾãͻͽĴڶѹ
Ҳ½ܾʹҪ˻ʲô֮һ뵽Ǹľһһۡ
ˣ½ܡӲӵе½ܡǱ˵ˡ
Ҫȥ
ҪȥҪؾõһС
Ȼ½Ҳġ
һ·ϣѹ±˺;壬ŬѺ̸û˸Ҵû˵ֵס죬ëҲͬ˵˼䡣
õϢֻ֪࣬ؾҲкüݵ㣬Ҫȥڵľݵ㡣ؾǴҢ÷ѳģˣԭҢóԱıѾˡ
һ˷ɽԽ룬һƬɭ֡ɭССɢʮΧƥߡëѺŸ꣬һ߽ͬмߵһ
ؾһûʲôǮ񶼼ªֻǰװεúǴϵķһëŻرһ߰Ŀڸϡ
ëŽ긵ͷζǵã½˵Ҫɱ˴̫ӡ
֪ܻᱻɣȵӣЦ̫ӣ½ܣ˵ϹıԭôҲ룬ɱ̫ӻǴɱһͲʿ٣ĸƭЩ޴ڲҪسȥ
ԭˡݵı˼䣬ҪͲʿپ͸ûˡСë˴ȥĸֵܽû磬ˣ
һµһ£æ֣˵ؾûļˣҲǰ£ǴҢóģҲ½ܾѹ˵ĵ˾֪ٹٸ£ָܰء
ݶһ¶Цؾãǵ֤ԼġСë㷽˵ʲôѡۡ·ˣ
ǣ˳ͷɽ¹ȥˣҪûôӴ⬲Ϲ
ãָ꣬ȥκιߣûءۡͱʾǣ
ãգգۣۣ⬲ݣ

Ңšˮӣˮֹͣˡ½ֵܴгķ򣬼Ǿŵӡ
걻ؾôߣûߣ˵̽Ϣˣܷػ⡣
½Ȼڶˮӣ򾩳ȥ¶Ũҹɫ½ʧţԺ
ؾѾˮӣ֮˵Ҫˮ֡ǰηųˮˮӶסٴ򿪣ЩˮͻˮµĴƬũ֮ʣҪٵ˵Ŀ
˿šؾõĽթס
˷ѽǣؾкκôѵ˵Ҫ˭ЩǵƽܽʲôԹ
ԼҲǸǱӪ֪ġҲûŻ
Ŷֵ½մһңصҢñԡˡԡͰԼ壬ֵһĻٴθļ䣬иЩĪĻ
ǰΪǣܾһ޹ҲĬˡ˸ʵںķѾǰȷʵǷ½Ҳİá
һǽ겻Ҫģ½ܾùˡ
㸵˵ԼĸԸرʱͻȻòֵʲô¡ʱԼѲǣֻҢá
ϸ½ܸе
ȥˣðѴ˴߸ߡ
ֻҪѹ¾ͺ˰ɣϴ˵Ҫ˰æⶾƵģܽܵ£
ãѸˣԼҲȷҪⶾ
½ܴѣ̸ͬˮӵ¡ʱסԷҴһˣҪĸߴָǿӰԵϹõġ
㡸֮塹ֻܺҲ²⡣ַԼ©ҪڰֵˣЩۣҸзľͺá
תתз֪һ˵ȷĸߴָǿӵǲôԵϹ͸֪ˡ
½ܵͷҰɡ

걻ؾõǴһƬݵǰݵصһͷǷˮӵĻеȻǴɽϱ£ɽ¹ġëŸǶСۡǰһƬǴ⬲ݡǴݵأǻеȡ
ЩͲͨĲݣüӲͬ⬵ıƽȥֵҲ㹻Ƽ
ˣݲȡˣ
ܾʹȴ
ڲϣһСȳеȥͬʱ⬲ݱϣѪ֮Сǰƶÿһ¾ҪʮѪ㡣
Ƭݵص԰Ҫϰɡ
˫ȲƶѪ˳ݾ£ʹԽԽҡ亹ҧأĬĬԼؾã˵ͼƻԱȥ
԰ʱ˫ȵļһ㡣ȡˡۡʱ񷽲һȥȴʹ̵
ѲãԥƬ̣ڲݵϡʹȫ굹ۼٵغƬ֮ʼⷭһĸܴӺӵǰأӿʺ죬ڲݵؼ¿ɲѪȡ
ʲôҲ˲ãٶԽԽ죬Ѵ⬲ݹڵأȫѪۡ
ڴŴմѪֽۡݹȥȴᶨڣؾһԱô
ëſõɴۣæѪۣصݵ
˻رֿ˿Ǳĸ꣬ߵ֤ģ㻹֤֡˵㹦ǿҲҺǵڱԣ
ˣȻȡ
ֵڣȥͬһʤŹǵڡ
һ˵˴ҲˣһôָǿҲ򲻹
괽һá
ˣݾǴĵôؾáܾʹ˷ǣԼƽ뿪ǣкܶҲʲġ
Ȼˣһ˶ԸС컹㹻ġûº֣ͬʱУͬʱӹסһӣڵϡ
˶һ㶣ŴȲȴֵˣǲϣ
㲻˵ô
ҷˣٴǲ㣡
ǰ򵹵һܳһʹͬʱԸʵǡ
˱ۣ֪ôģǰȻַˮֵ½ʱԷǺ麬ߵ顣һ˲Ҫ촽֪Ǹܣ뼫ˡ
Ҳ֪˫ֵȽ˵Ĺƣڿһתˣ˳ƽǰ˳ȥ㽫ơ
ȭһˣȴڿʱԷͻȻͳһذף㲻ذײ硣
ҽһܿص
ҳֿȭôôģ
Է޹û˵ܴ
סѪ˿ڣϢݣˣҾӣ߾ˡ
УҧҪؾá
ű򵹵˼õһһٴγӦֻܿܿҪ˫硢ֱۡȺܿ찤˵ڴ⬲˿ϣ۵ͷĿѣ赹
Լȥ½ܵݣ½ΪҢ÷ʱüͷ½ֵ￴ˮʱį½Ҽʱ԰׵ɫ
ҪؾòˮʯҪİ֮ǽѣ
ʱĸû鲼˺ۣɫҰףżȴԽԽᶨȼ͵ǰһѵԷӦݺݲԷ
ѪŽһ̣Ƶģٵһ֣·ϵĲ˿ڣס
˿Ŀɿڴ˺۵ļһΪͻȻô
ͣˣڽˣڲòֹʤˣؾõһԱ
⻰մѪĴǹЦݣ˫һɵڵأ׻Թȥ
ǧٿףѪء

½˽ҩܱ֮ҹﻹҪһҹҹ˸뺣࣬ԡ㣬˷ŵһš
ſ𣺡Ҫ˸ˣͽô
½һ飬첻ͣƫҪҹ͡İɣ
Ǿ͡ɡ
л˵
ΪƴڹСovo
16㻹һ


51 
Ǹף Ǿݵĸܹ񡣴ð׾ֱ£ûҸ½ġ
Ȼֲ Ңﲻ ܵϸܹΪϸܵݵþЩҩʳ ܻᰲ˻
½ܶԴ˵ȫ˽⡣Ȼｻ٣ ԲȤˣ½ܲȥǸϢ
ҹͽԼ½ܾЩΣ ϵ࣬ ȴǰһõǡ𣿡
￴˿ֳǣ˵ϵĶ⣬ԭӺȻ ʱȻԾţ ȴʳȻײڱͲȵ
½һ㶣 δǹϸ΢֮ У 롣
࣬źξˡԺҹﻹЩصģ 뿪磬 ҲΪˡǳЦ ЦƵᣬ ֻڵİæ
½ܵȻҲһЦ⣬ ٿ ԡҩõÿɺˣ
ᣬṉ̀ԪķӰɣҩʺõģֻЧƽƽͬʱͨСȵľ磬ܽȫ
½ܡŶһԭعţĿȣͷü»һЩַҪԣ
ʢȴ½ȥˡۿαһֻۡһֲλʮ⡣
ģ˳ۣܵǸģһֱߣҲ
ˣƿڣܹ˵з磬ôˣ
ûУ¹һʲô£ܷԸǡ
и˶ÿηҪ˽Ϸܽ⿪Ըæ
뿪ЦǵÿʲôˡҵȻԸ⡣
½ƺӶԷʲô֮ƺûУֻõµòҡ
λ㶣ͷµǡǺá
ӶԷݵĻУ½ܺȻ뵽Լܺκ˷չֹϵϾԼޣһǻ¶Էȥġ
ᡭֻǽⶾѡ
ȵĶͣסδ½ýԼȽţԷ૵ʵз磬ʶŷԼϲ˵ġ
̧ͷ޲ģзִ磬֪ʲôʲôΪⶾңʲôɷ̷ң
½ܺԥ͵ͷ
˿ɱȸ궮¶ˡ

ʱһưܵУǱӵģһͻۡţһƽС
ü´͵ͷһͷǣ÷˾
ȻˣԸһͷǲ⡣ҵһذףӹȥûҪ壬ȴԽŵĶӡ
úͷһؾڣ˵Ｏˮӷˮ£ҪۡӴǶûֱӽԷһȥ˷ݵʡ
˼ʮˣЦŽȥʣʲôأ
һû˵
Ҫˮ֣Բԣȥ˵޽ˮӣҲУĹʮ˽⡣ʲôҪʵô
ëŵݹȥһͼֽ⼸ҳ̽ˮӵĹ죬㿴г룿
ͼֻֽм伸ҳˮӵĹ죬ǰ涼Żơֱ߸꣬ǰʲô֪¡ִŵطͼֽһһˮҳĹУǰͷݿ˸顣
ע⵽һͼžǺЩ񡪡ؾááλãͼϻмǵī㣬ؾõķֲ
Ѹټÿīλãˮҳָ˼ˮӹĴ󣬻Ʒˮ·ߡ
и⣬ˮբŵĻؼΪӣδ򿪣Ϳеģ
Ͳ֪ˣëŵҢиѾȥĻеʦǰ˲Ǵ١ۡպܿˮӵĻء
ѹ죬ѻԼɻķǴŶˮǽӵʲô
ëھͽӣʲôǸˮӷˮҪؾģ
ʲô˼
밡˶֪ؾܴˮӣˮũǿ϶ͳˣӲô
⣺֪ؾøɵģ
θɣû
ʣԤն֣
·ʧȥģëŵ˸ͻȥؾõ£
ûǿѯʣëȥ
ߵ·һҪ£еĲԭҢãΪҪŻĪҢÿǣ
ҢûпǡëΪѵǲϲ½ˡ
½ΪҢ÷ôΪβϲ
ëҡҡͷǷѾɱˡҲˣѵıĿ
¶ڣֻӦͣȴɻ
صԼ󣬸һֱ˼뿪Ѵ̽˲øؾöˮǰֹҴ˵ȱҽҩٲ˿ںܸܿȾ
һͼֽϿԼλãβ֪ҪҶáҪԼ뿪ǣһвӪأһû·ĸɽĸߡ
ҪǣǰŸߣؾþץұ֤Լȥ
˼ڤֱڣԶһƣвǣޡ
һذ͵Լϣ۵ŤһţѪſڣһƬѪȥ
ͣһļĺӱߣ˺Լһ¡
ҧˡ
ʱѺ͸һ̲ҵ飬ϵҲܣѡɽ·
ؾõ˷Ľƾǲɽ˿ˣʵû˽ǣӰֻÿһ¶ʹˡ
û·ɽֻֽŲõɳȫʯ˿ڡ۵ûʱ䳤˱ľֻܻеƶصֽš
ִܵĿʹ
Ҫ뿪ҪռϢ½ܣҪŽĿѣչüͷ
У½ߣ½ܶԸûⶾ
**һҹڷɽһưܣȴųů⣬΢΢ͷһɵЦá
죬߳ԶѰĶһص˯ȥ
æ֣Ʋһѣֲϴһ˿ڣ˴ڷһѡ֣ÿһҩţȫ˿øҩţڸӺã˳ҲȸȾ
֣Ҳ¸֪½ܡ֪ҢõλãֻȥϲׯϢҢմ½
Ȼ˷Ѿ˼ݣյϢҲûκηӦ
Ǽ֮ϵʹᣬ˿ۣ֮Ҳδ⡣
֣齱ߣԷڹģʣ½𣿡
֣֮ǰûڶҢȥȪӦҪⶾ
ⶾ곤˯ѣ㶵֪ʱѣ
Լʰ˸ģһ߶šҲҡһȥ
л˵
ҽⶾٺ


52 
ԶԶҢȦߣ һһʲôڱϵ½ܡ
˻ºͣһҪã Щˮ ܲס
½ܡšһӹ
ֻǸ̴ӣ û£ ȴ˺Ȼ½ǰ´°ɡ
ûﲻԣЩȣ ½ܾȻ£
ֱ ˵ָմ½ϣȴƿƺﲻƵġֿʼԼѣƽǫź ȿ°ɡ⣬ Ҳð
һŭϸͷ߬ȭǰ һѳ죬 ʲôˣŵĻʲô˼
½ٿȻ䣬 ʲôſ
䵭ŵ˸ֻ꣬÷еˡ½ܺҴⶾˣ һá
ʲôҪˡ
 ǹºͺȻˣ оֳ ˭
½ܵǴǰҽⶾ֮ˡǰЩ첻ڣ 㡣
ȴɱ ҧгݵұͲ½ֻһҲҵߣйȥɽǵĵһΡʲô˼
½ܱķӦŪһ㶣ҽġ
һź㡭УҲͱ˷ģ
½ɫƽø뿪ȴװͰ͵ȣܺ죡Ҽҵ԰ӣڸҹȥ
Ȼ˼
ɫۿȻˣתܡ
½ܵȻһУûҲû׷
Զ½ҲҪ뿪ʱȴ޺޵½ˡҲŲڼգҪұˡ
½ܲδͷ㲻ڵҹˡ
굹һʣΪˡΪ˽ⶾ԰ɣ
½ǣԷûô졣ʲôĿģͼԼ˰ˡҪлл㣬ҴǰҲ֪⾹¡
˵ߣ߳һΣͻȻ𣺡ʲôΪ£Ī⣬ȴѰ֣ʲô
Ц½ЦѣˣҸ˭ѰͬкθϵӽҲⶾǣ壬ҵ˳嶯񣬳˲ҢòԸ㶵š
ʱס
Ǹ˼ǲܣҵĴСĶ־ȣԺ¶ϸǣٸ½鷳
½ڿһͷһһҾ˵Щ꣬ҲҪˣô
ҲͲ԰׵ɫ˲ҰףӾȵٵиһŨصıˡ
ײײܹȥͻȻӱסҪߵˡܴ󣬽°ͿڶԷϣţ㲻ߡԸˡҵģ½ܴҵģʲôҪҪҵ½
½޿̧̣ҪѨȴץסֻøˡ
½ԡԾ˿ΧֻҢáڴӲһξͶԼ˼һһƽĵڵأϵһš
½ܿҲӵѣȥ
صҢã½ȥķ䡣
ļҾ߱ҵ߰㣬أϥͷڽ
½̾һε˲ġҽⶾ˽֣Ѳˡ
񻺻̧ͷͻȻס񣬡Բ𡭡ҵĴҲֱߵġ
ʣвֵ뷨½˼ҿұˡҰɡ
»ԼЩʱϢ
θֱӸд˵ЩǱؾãõ˲½ܹȥ顣ǿ̸ֻ¡
½ܶԶԷĴǺ⡣˵Լ˽ҪôǶԼʧҪôǶԼʧȥȤڿϷνִˡ
һ磬½ܾſڼ
еںð˼Ȼȥ˶˳ⶾҲȻ뿪ˣӦȪ
ǳ˳ȥ˶һ·ϣָ˴ǰڣǶ˲赹ˮȣֲֻ֮ᡣ
½ڶſ³ȴӭ˳ԭһֱŷ괩ģɫӦǿڹ½һ۾ܴ·пȻᡣ
ȥ鷿ɡµЦš
Ȼߵ·ȴһ԰߹հ˹գ½ܺȻĳϤĽ䴦һƬïܵĻҶ
Ųһ٣û½㿴ǴǰһֹĻ곤öá
ڵһ꣬մšһŻǣץ½һֻ֣Ƥ׵ڶԷġ
ʵģ㳢ζɻʣ
½ûжʣʩʲôʣΪγïʢ
ûʲôرķϣ꼷˼ֵۣһЩּ꣬ȻԵïʢˡȥһЩϾ
ճҶֹ껨һһ̸Ǹͻˣ̸̸֮𢡣С£½Ѿǵ˰ɡ
ֻжԶһһֱĵסһ˳ŲȥˣҾ￴ȥ¡
Ͼ½ҵĶʵǲˡ
һ˲½ܱĻ򶯡Щ¶˵Ǹ΢ͬĻ䡣ǸСֺ꣬γյжĿĹ
һ˲ʶǸѾˡ˵δڹӸʮʱĻǷ֮һлЦα
ˣ½ܽ񣬽׸ڵҳɡ
˼´ӲԻġ
ŶǾ˰ɡ
Լְӽ
ʱ½ֲõԤУã겢û뿪
鷿½ܷ£վ˼򡣿Ҫǫ⣬ʱʹöɲС
ö˶ΪʹĻ½Ĭĺߡ
⻰ıԽԽѿžҪҲסţͷϴ˰Żָƽ
ݸ½һͼֽµؾоݵλáһһȥëſ뿪ҢõԭԼԼǱĥ
˵½Ҳʣֻעˮ֮£ұɻοˮӵբţԭǴҢ͵ı¡иƵģǾΪؾõϧ˰Ķ
ҲΪɱǸɽȣؾüȻοصı£ָ´δˮӡ֪Ƕֵʱգ޴ӷˮٱ򿪣ؾҪˣ
½ܲͷŴ⣬õĳĬеһƬҶƮ䣬ײڴϡ
պ󡣡Ļǻպ֡
ε֪
ؾͼ֪ˮӵǡΨһİ취ֻСպ󣬾¾ն֡
һȻ飬ŹҴһˮӸǣ
ô굽׽ʲô½ü붫޹أþݸȥУ˽֤ݣȶڰؾýˮӡ
ҢõĻеһĴˮô죿㼰ʱϣȥˮҲٻء
½ܵˮЩ̿裬Իް
θʣҲٽ͡˵꣬ڵãһá
˻һŻòĸ͵վĿİ㡢ȥⶾ˭
Ͳعˡ
ǺⶾԲԣָһֱڸ½ָⶼڲУҪǺͲöȪ
½ܴ۽ޣȻ߹˸ľ
ͷҰɡԷĪɫ˾䣺ͬ˵
ɫ޷ޣ׻ˡ
½ܵĵطȻչ뷨ϲˣҾһ
ҧǰסҵĵطǾҰⶾ
½ڻ̧ۣҵĻȻ˵塣꣬ǰǰһжαװͬҲáҶδģŲţʲô˼
˵Щʱֻ丵ǿģܿ층ʧȥӵڱʧǰŤȥվƬ̣ſζûģȻʲô˼
½ʧȥͬԣǺãȥ׼һ£絽ҽⶾ
½ܿԼ֮ͬ˾壬Լ㲻ɱˣҲﳤȥŻַʽͼ߸ꡣ
֮ûߣΪνġ塹ԼУûøۼ
һ磬궼ڰ¥ϡЩйռǿȵĻᣬһҳҳȥһʱǸ֮µԼһ־ãԼʼնԼ̫ԼҲκԽʦ֡
˯˹ȥϵĳΡһ˲֪κǿռеĿСһ˲ؾѣһ亹
ƺڲʧȥҲòʧȥ
׼һҩľƣһڹ£Ȫȥ
ҪʱصķҢڡɫ󷺹⣬ͷʪġ
죬½Լؼ棬ѲɻȽȥԡȪԳûô
غЦʣʲôط
˻һ֪ǲĴǰƺء
û׷ʣǰһΣּһҢõϹԼ¶ļϣмԵĺۡ
껰㡭ȥǱʲô
Է˸ۣȻȥ̷ˡҲΪģɵץʱҿҪˡ
ȶԷԶž׽˼˵һվסȴǿѹȥǰ
ӽأ̨ʱɴֻһƬסӵˣҲۣܿ¶ʪδ𡣶һ߲ͷһģ
㷽ŶҲ̫ˣһ£Ūݺҧһڡ
㶮ʲôҿϲˣ̷㲻⣬˵ء
´ñҺÿ㵽ǰͷȥ
˵ĶԻһֲش븵Уƺ˵ģǿԼǰתײײ̨ףرߡ
ֻʣ½һˣˮſڰߣձͿ˺Ρڷɢȴǲס󾱺ͼ۵ĺۼ
˰½ָܷһƳĵδˮɡ
㡢㡭궢ĿҪѹֲסķŭӻΪʲôҪ£ôˣΪʲô㣿
½һˮߵԸѰֵ£ôܽ裿Ϊ㣿˵ҵ£̷˭ҾҵĻ㵱½ʲô
ֺգԾ̧߻־ӳݷҧ㾹˱ҡѰֻ֣Լ̹Ѿ͵·֪֪ÿһ㣬Ƕһӵŵ
ô˵½ܻ˸ǶȣؿڳرϣÿһӹҲһӵŵˣ
˵ʲô㶣ͻȻӦ˫ȶʱһ̱ڵءָ©ĻûСҴδǣҹϡֻġ
ɨˡ½ܻĵƬˣҲ޷ҽⶾǻȥЪŰɡ
תͷС£ˮ
ǰ½ͬ˵üڳˮһݣȻ뿪أŸ½Ѹߡ֮󣬱Ƕ˵ʱ䡣
ҩӽˮⶾ϶Ҫ⡣񿴿ֳиȫȻûԼ֮㼤ѡ
ɲأǷ·һ˲Ҫ̱ĸȴͻȻ˵ˮվ½ǰ
ϵδȬˮһ̺¶ɡȫȻˣ˫ְ½ǽڣǿ򶨵Щ˸ģδǰǰ㾫ɡ֮壬ܸģˡ
Ѿҩƣģҵɼܸ꣬㡣
ĬƬ̣½Էָ֣Լ˫ǣƹеһֱڶ䵭˵Ŷǻڡ㲻࣬ٵһۼ
ӵȫ߶ŴۿҪվסȻǰһˣ½ܻܲ˵ס
ǸǿӲңǲزסıУҽ½Ϊô࡭
½ܱͷ㿪Էǣ˱ۣȴûٷġ
Ǿȵģû뵽ڱ֪º󾹻ó겻ǲѹֻǲߡ
ϲô
굱Ƿˣȫ˿ڿʼѪȴʼͷ½ܲµõڴŻʲô顣
󣬸ͻأૣʲô£ʲôûһܰҴߡ
½ʹ
ӿͬʱ˿ڡҩơ˵˷ڸһǴ߳죬ˮ
׵أԹȥ
ˮ֮ǰһ˿ץס½ܵ֡
ʧȥһУҲץסĶ
ʱ½ûһۣĿ紦룬ǿԶǲǲóˣ
췭˶ҢãҲûŴ˵Ӱ
л˵
һ飬ȫ1v1


53 
³ţ ˬ
ؾɳʮˣˮɽȡ˴ɽ·᫣˷Ѻô²ŷȥ
ˮǰ ˮӷųˮֻҪբŴ򿪣 ˮũǾͿԵؾġ·ھ³ţ ֤ȷ䡣
ӽˮӵϴǶˣ һ߽ˮӣ͸еϮ¿ԭǵ衣
ǲδ⣬ ǵϻڵĸ̨ ᳵ·ؽۡ˽ȥ
ȻŻеȴüһӣʹ̵ҲšբŵĻءͷ Լմʼ ״ʣﲻ Ȼ޼ƿʩ
 Ңⶫʱ ½ܾ׿ڸ߹ֻۡʹã Ⱦͻı̬֮ǰû뵽ˮ˵̿ Ըǵô¡
죡̿ȫϨˣ ȡЩˮԸͬ顣
䣬 ڴʮٱ ŵ ֱǶ
סʱôҲ벻ͨٱ㿴áۡ˻أ֪Ңöű㣿
Ǳ㲻ͷͻͬȣɳȥŷ֣ЩԼҲץˣ
ɽͣһ޴ʮؾõ˶ȥһԵĸͷԸ
ëע⵽ԭ㣡û½ܾѣ̽鱨ģһؾãǱǵߵġ
ͷҲתؾãܿûؾˡֲλҼˣץǻȥһһ𡣡
ҪĶ𱨣޳ܣ
ϳ˿ʼ֣Խ˵Խࡣ
ȥԸ£Щ˶´һٰɣһ˴ǿڳԡ
ҡͷ˷Ȼץ񣬰ҲǶûĹءһȺҰܣͬһʶ
ȻỻȴǱ䱾˸ƵøĻ߬ȭȴòס˵ĳ嶯
һֱĬķݺȻ½Ǹֶ֣ú
˵ʲôһŭͷһǰ޲Ŀ˵һ飿ô
һǣ˵Ĳô½Ңöɱᣬȴ˸ˣǸƤ࣬ΪҪҲ֪Ңڿǵµӣʲôܡ
Ȼڷؿһš
һʵ׺ݣݱߵһ࣬ײӵĸϣŻһѪ
ԼӶ֣ѹõķŭӿ֪˭ԸͣȻǴ޷֮ķŹ
תͷһߣ뿴ĲҡˣЩзִ磬˲ģ
Ҫ½ܣһٶġȥĹأЩȥݸҲҪģǰΣ˻ƽϣô
һֱǴˣ޺ģŷԸ̡

뾩ʮɽ·ϣһžװ֮˲峤ñ
Ÿ·գոյˮδڵԲȥһˮ
ñƿСλ￴˺üۣǰ̸λѣǽ˰ɣ֪ĸɣôû
ھݵľݵ㲻ûҲѰ˺ȻһЦ£˵һؾõİɣ
СЦԵûæûģǽһˣԼûʲô£һֱĬĬšֱղ˵ͼٻˮӣʮùٸһˣץأʲôϺܳɡ
⻰ҰСɾûͦ
ĺ˼ҵ
һˮĨĨǣϦԶľǡ
ֻؾõ£ûбҪǣϾ½ߣòڣÿһ׮˽⣬һСأĵĸˡ
Ϊ֪½뾩ǽⶾǸģţǸƭҲ˵
ǰ½ӾͿ쵽ˡ

Ңþݾݵ㣬½ܴ˾һѹģԼﴦ
ԭģɸȴ˾Ҳûʲô£һ۾ˡͷ˸˴ճ̣ʲôһ
ôһ뽫˸ߣߣŸ½ͷ۲ѣɴȥ˾
֮ǰҢϲׯţ½ܣöȥׯݻؾøߣ겻֪ҢõλãͳҲˡ
ˮץؾ֮˱ȥ˾ݸвǴģ˰˾ͬ½Ϊ˱ӣûв£ֻ˸ͨ
ĶļͷߵţڣžͱȻƿ
ܵǰӵ飬Цû
½죬ôˣ
ѵӭң˵ܵЩھ£պǱûʲô£Ҿ͹ඡ
һ֪ǽڡ½Ƭ֮۽ޣҽҩ޷׽ⶾֻӻҩޣ㣬СӦ⡣
סֱ˵һ仰
ʱ˾Ĵˣ˵ؾðδʼӷˣ˵أҪȸء
½ܳɫɽаǣӦֱ־ܲǣΪλˣĪѺͻسǵ·ϣٱǶ֣
µҲôʵģ֧֧᲻˵塭ŹӷǸİһʲôǡ
½ھȥݸ
½ܴʱûйְֱӽݸ쵽˾ˡ˾³˵ӷˣִҪ½һǰ
ݸ˰ĹԱδɢᣬ˵˾ˣӣʵӷˡٹգһͬ󰸡
³ɵӷΪλˣھݸܵ˰ɣ
˶ʱĬ࿴˿ͷ
½ܴʱǰ俪ڣ˵ĻȥηӷҲһ
˽һԣѹͻǻ·ϣԼ˴ġλͱˣǶصˣᵢ󰸵ġ
³ɼˣԼˣݸıôŹ˿ҪģǰûУ
ǾݸնҲǰȥ׽ؾãֵľǡʱ̫ӵҲֳ˽̴ãݸͲˡ
һ㶣׾ݸΪڣϾ˭ﶫ
½ܡ
ǳ͢٣̫Ӽūɾݸá̫Ӷ˽̣ĪҪڲ壿
һ򵭲½ܺȻ̧߻ⶼü⻰ǱƵûľݸةֻðڰֵǾȥ˶֪£̫ӵ½ڳݸ󡪡Ŷѯʰ顣
Ĳֻмʮи걾ˡ
ݸ̫ӵµսľЩŹӷڹȷ䣬ӦÿʮޡǲС
ʲôУǰ̰£²˵ʲô곯˵˵ͷתߡ
ȵȣ½ڣշ˵ɷŹӷÿ˶ʮޣʮޡʱӦǺˣ
һȳ㡣ŵˣ˵죬Ҳǵһֵġ
ݸة½ʹɫ⡭ѫݻݸҪϱģǶС£ûˣ½Ӿ͡
û˾Ͳ׷ֺαضҲʲôѫݣֻ֪˴´ؾӷݸܣǹܡ
½ܻеҢûָŸ˷¡
ҢüѸס꣬˾ӡݸͶҪǰֹ½ܵĻƱˣ˰˾д˷Ȩ˭ţԷ۴
˾³ԼĶͷ˾곯΢΢ͷ³ɲ׵ǰľ档֮¶ᴫȥӰð취Ƕ˭죬ǸɴڳԼˣֽţ˭ʮء
³½ѺУţ½ܽ˸ϳȥֻǡʵʵ븵˶һ飬Էһһϣ״д˵о
½͵ηЩ˵ܱ޴򡣸걻һ䣬̼ϡ
³ɻֵ̿عǰˡյˡ
Ը¸ɰȴ½¡½̵ܵõʲôȡ̾ʮ򡣡
⡭˿ģ½ӣ򰡣
ްȥɡ꿴ˣ½˽ԼУžˡ
³Ȼ£̫ӵ¶ô˵ˣֻô뿪
ηֻʣ¶ˣ½ܴװ̾ߵĹӣݸε̾ȫӾʮ̵ִ֡ģˮպպǰ˦һޡ
˻
굹
½ܷޣƶԷϺͼ̹ĺۼ
⧲۵ŤҴؾǰͽαظҹȥ
Щжͽж˹ƻ󣿰δͶ˽̣½϶δͣ䣬Ңõˣʲôֵ򣿡
Ѱ̶Ǵ½ȴƫ˰ڼϣǰǰͷ͸Уϸоδ۵òϢ½㡭úݡ
ҶֵӣҢûˣʮ޾Ҫ
½ܻ޲Ūø˵ɣѪһء
ӿʹ̧ͷŶԷҧ˵㲻ңôءҶôֵ£㣬ҲԼġ
ܽĺޣҲҪ
⻰½ǰļ䣬͸ǰˣһĻĻǰıУȻԼǺ˵ģΪÿһλѪʱеǿҵĿ⡣
޴׳Уȫǰ͡Ҳñӣһ㡭
ߵˣһĨڱβѼϵ˻䣬Ѫǽء
ڰѳֲס۵ýгڱУİ
ǰݣΪ޴׳ܣͬʲôϵ֪ߡ
⻰ȼ½ܵŭֱȻᣬȴͻȻޱȣȻһŶԷ˺ܼȥ

귢ݸĽк
ȷͬûйϵֻҲԹ۵ˡֻ뿴裬뿴ͬûйϵ
һޣ½ܷ˸ǧٿ׵壬աſ˫ϣͻأһѪۡ
úôʮޣ⿪˵ӣϵ޷վһѪС
½±ӣɫָƽϵҪߣģ½
Ųһ٣ôҸӣ˿⸱ģ
ǡ˿ÿһֶƷ˼ȥ޴׳ɵġЩ˿㣬ǡһҪҡҲĺ㣬һֱܡܡ
ȥǻ赹ˡ
½һתȥ
꾹ֱڻãԼЩ£һһʲôϵô
л˵
һֱܰ㡣


54 
صҢã ĸպô˾ſڣʣؾôܵˣôѪ
½ܽ£ Ҫˮϴ֣ Ѻͻʱġ̣ Ա߿ţ մ˰ɡ
Ǻܾ޷ʼˣ
ηЩ˷˵òأٹվ󡣡½ְһذף ʱ㿴 ҳϯ󰸡ﾩݸԱѹѹȥˣ߾ܲʹؾ֮ҲǴҴҽ᰸ ȥš
ĵ˵ͷ ࡣҪҪҩͶ˵һ
ءڶҩˡ
걻Ǹӣ Ӧ޷ⶾԴմӶ Ͳ֪ȥˣ ҸҲ鷳ȵȵȣ´ηʱ껹ģ ȥҸӲҪôˡʵڲУ ѹۣ֮ ԼٰɹҲܽⶾ
½˲ֵ£ Ƶһȣ ذһ壬 ۲絶棬һҪݵ˵Ϊ뿪ҢãΪһ
֪ǣ͵һ˴Ȼˡ
Ժͬ˷½ܵӣսս˵˵˵֪Щͽߺйأ᲻ᡭ
˵ģԼŻԼвУһǿ򶨣ǵ£Ǻθɣ
֪鲻
˵ô죬ܲΪ£Ҳ߰ɣҾͲţ½Ǹ˾ٺݣΪɱǲɣ
ǵڣҪͽǡҪʲôɣ
һ˶Ǵӱ߾ø½뾩ģʱݾݵ·кǵϴ˵õؾüֲľλãܸǿһô
Է⣺ҪǸʲôæûսǰˡ
ûգǾ͡ɡ
պؾõѶڿʼ
½ܵȴ˾ġһ³ɣ¹ȥ̫ӵ»ɴɫܲϾһɫˡʱ˵ʲôʮޣᡭ˰ɣ
³ɿЦ֪ʱʲôȴֻܰڰֵңĸӵ£ʲô
½һƷ裬ֻδš
Ѷɾݸ֣˾ʵ⣬ϸѯƻˮӵɣԼؾóЩȱ¡
½ܳĬţֻǽؾǳʱǱвߵЩʹЩǰףһһ¼ڰ
ʼվãؾвʹ·ֵݸܿһŸǶ
ʵܿϣ½ܱ㿪ʼ׷ףΪ뿪Ңã׷Ż
ʱµһڣǰԴȴס죬ƺҪ˵ЩʲôʵʲôҲû˵
½ܲ׽飬ⲻǲ˵ǲ֪οڡ
ϵľݸԱľһģٲػź򣡡
ԷȻˣΪΪǮ
½һҢÿܽӵϰٸÿҲֵܷӣ߷ֵʮϰ˵ΪǮؾøڴˣ
仰˶˻ȥĿɿڴһ仰˵½ʱ»㲻صģʵԭί׼ɡ
ԷڿڣǰԲëšͿˣҸеʮֻ̿֡Ȼ󣬷ݵ˵飬һɱĲ֪˭Ҹһ
ݾ͸һҹȥͷɽҾȥˡ
Ϊģ½ʡ
֪ۿɷ¡һʵ᷸϶ʲôСסҪһҲҺ¡
Ǹҹɽ˺öˣѪΪˣԸÿ˵ơҾ;ãӦ׷ϰ
ϡͿģ֪ô͸ˡ
½ɷʱзʹͬɥܹڵУȴҢûܡ㲻ɱô
ã૵Ϊβʱ͸ҡ
½ҲͻȻס
Ϊʲôʱû˵ΪûʹԼûʵ£Ҳ˵ô
˼ؾڣǰҢõģ뿪ɶ뷽ơ˷ݣ½ʣϴδ㣬Ϊν˴Ңã˶ݣΪҪɽͷ
һۣҸҢöԿٸҼкӹ»첻ͷ绻·ӡ˭֪Ңǵһɿȫء
½òǸȻģʵ۵
ǵӵʣ⡢Щܼ𡭡
ǣȻҪǣΪβǣ½һҧ΢΢
³ɿԣæ˿ʱλôҿյΪֹЪŰɡ
Ѷͣ½άſǣһֱ̤ӣȫиûǰص
ûκ˶˵һ䣬Ңá
գ½Լﴦ£ϢһֻǲϳţҲ˵ڣ˶ǹæûȥ
ֻĳ˽ȥ½ܹűӿԣǵǲҩЧʱˣȥⶾɣ
ֻ֪ⶾҪȪϸı㲻֪ˡ
⻰½ܺȻ룬Լ˵ǰĮ飬ΪεСԼѵԼԸǲͬģ
ǿ޴ЧԼĮȴһĹԼͽġ
ʲôأĵİǰҡΡ
½ܻع񣬵ȻҩСʮһֻжʮһţҪʡáһЩٵȵȰɡ
ʵûʲôˣֻһʱ֪˭ⶾ
ֹ˼գ½һѣеģ˺ô𴲡
ԼЩŲסˣ˼ȥȥһ˶˾ûȫմˮǱԼȥˣȻҲǿԵġ
ȻƿŴȣ˰ɡԺǰȴ졣
ԺվʮڣպöôЩûдɡԶǽ£һ˱˫ֹţһֱ쵽Ժ⣬ϰˡ
һǰֱӾ͹ȭؾøֲ൳ȫ£
½һűŵˣмס
ʲô
ҪҲɹٸ죬Ңó֣ҲûԽϾǹǹָ
ɶԷһͷȥڷáؾΪһ䱻٣ɷֲͣɧҡЩڲǴҢܳȥģǶץˣɱйްɣ
˴񣬾Ϊ˵
ԷĬƬ̣ͷһˣʮڱ׷߽йߣһ½ܡ
֮ˡֻ֪̿֡ǲŷЩˡȸˣǰͽ׽ˣҪ𷣣顭
½ؿͻȻƣƳһź⣬͵زɡһᣬʪ˰ѡ
ھݸ˷йʱҲ뵽ͬʱжݻ棬¶Ȼдȴ֪֮£ĴηҲѰδ
ΪǰЩˣΪǣץؾֺ
ͣô𡭡
½ĲڶԷУȴ˷ŭźţǲϲ֪ˮˮˡǸķϣһɡ
ˮʪͷȫ½һЩڵء
סǺģߵĶԼվȣæǰסŰźɡּϹһƬ顣
ԭίüͷ˫Բʲô˼Ǹ֪鲻;½ҪǵǰʲôˣץʲôؾãޣǾȻ
Сˡ½ҡҡͷǰ͵ٸǡ
İֵûĻȥ֪鲻ƽϣԴϣҵҪú÷һ
ڴʰЩؾóԱȥˡ
ţ½ܽסǣ˴νؾãûɣ
ڵʻȴ˶סŲ˿ĿİػػСиڣؾӪˣʬ׻ǡ
ʲô½ɫӪأǾ
ǡץؾҪԭȥʬġ
½ܲ׷ʡףЩ˽ʱ䣬Ϊǵġ
˰˷ǰݸôһĻ½ûȥⶾ£ҲǳŲȥһЪϢɷµظȴֻҪܷ纮ҩ
£½˶ڴ߿꣬Ժǻȥȴ龰Ǹڡ
Ȼ½ܺʹڲ໰еó˵֡ǵĳ࣬뵽ΪһĴʬҰеʹ
ЩĴ⣬ֺγΪ½ܡ
ȥʬ
ӱȥӪشһʬǹġ

죬˴µ̫ڳˡ
걾;δֱ½ܽʵʵһ٣ܳʱҲűһѻԵӷס
ڶ̫ãȥѲһȦȥ˾˾ݸԶԶ㿴һҢ÷װ֮ˣѺһſڡ
겻ɫԼĳͣڲţܿͷ˽뾩ݸ
ݸҲϽԴڴ˱ﰤ˴ǰΡӷ׵ûϵӿһ½Ǿ¶ϵı
ݸԱȣݸɴǰˣſڱһĻ
һЦԶֽһúõĹʲôԼµУܷ˾˶֣ܹͷϣ˵ûôţ˿ˣǰչﻹٶء
ȷ͹͵ġ̫Ź˷̫ӱʮޣûûУܴ£ξͲġ
̫ӷñ̬ĿǰλߡܳɣһѽߺһѲƷȻֶԻʵ۵塣
ƵĻ˾ô²δ̫ӵ´ʲôʧα㻯ˡ
˵ͷһˣݸѯҸˣؾһ鷭
ǰҳĲ֣ǰ龭½׿ʳѳҢõԵɣһ½ЩȻʮѹʱԼϣ޷ȹ
ȥˣ½ҲǸİɡ
ܡ
󿴣ף˹оۡΪ֮˸ɱɱû飬ɲǱƭûüѰˡ
꽫˫۵һһȥʱȥʵ̴̫ӵ¡λˣҢõˣǰؾøֲץˣ
˵ȥȻҢȣһɣ˺ģ
Ҳ˵ؾ÷ֲλ÷Ƕ͸ݸģҢô֪
ǽ
Ϊ׵ǹͷڣؾõĹ̡Ң˽ʿΪٸǡ½˼
ڣͱ½Щ첡ţԼ⡣ֻǷԸǰˡ
˵šʱһĳϴī
ʣŽ·Ǳ
קһѣԷȴҲΪֺҢȥؾã˶֪鲻ʲôֲҪǵ
˵⻰ʱʮ棬ȻĿ־Ҫɱ
Ңõļ£ݸʣЩǮˣȴȻ俪ڣ֪鲻ҪɱˣĿ
Է㶣ȴһӲӣӲ˵½飬ɱ˴Ӳѵԣ
߬ȭŭ½ΪҢøѪֻԵĮǾǰҢܹʲôǲǲ֪ΪΰҲޣ
ǰܹʲôһã
Ҳס½ܴǰ£¾֪ô

½뿪ģúĿ麮Ϊɲš
ú¯ڻ¶ңǰؾӪءǴԶϰʬزһʱ䲻ܷ磬г̻ס
һӪλˮߵɽУɽʱ޲ʡ
ɽؾôѱ٣䣬ǰżʬ塣Ӫرؾʮˣȫܻȴֻɱ⼸ɼСġ
ҵǾ߷ʬؿڲһʱһ顣
ִҢʮأѿɢɷΪڵģʱͷӿһڻ˱
ǱɡľǰߣԼ
½΢΢ף鶶СǰЭ֪ʲôǰ˵ڵأ÷˶ңȽҲࡣ
ߣҪӣȴմѪָһ䡣
½һ̧ͷٿüĴ壬ͷĵͺ߼Ҫȥ
ţ
õ𣿣½ֺͻڷ
ӦʶһתͷδۡǼӦһȥ˾͵ˡ
½ܸеԼˢ͸ˣʧԭļƻھ͸÷̡ȥΣ˺ܿܳŲһ·
Ī˵£ƽҲܾʹ˲ܡ
ֻһ˲˾¶ϣ¯ȥԼȥ񴦵ķ﷭ҡ
ؾñûдҵ֮Ҳª½ֻһɴͰ˼ͷ˿ڣٲס˴ֹѪ
Щ»ٹʶԼЩŲסþأȴѲߣԼȥӱߺˮˡ
ǶԶһ·òȥԱ˵ѲС½ûбİ취ֻСıһǳһɽȥ
ˮӽñ紵͸½ܱϸأݣƲյʪˮģߣɽ·ˮ۳һƬͨľʱȻ
˵ڵأͱһأһۡ
֪ԼվˣֽŲʹ˰Ŭԭһ
أһ

ٽӽĻƳҹ
½˫ۣģĻзֱĵΡ

һҢóԱȥ˾ݸ᷿Щ˴ϵֻڲͬݡ
ûм̸½ܻ£Ȼشǵɻ󣺡յһѧɣ˴ˣͬгͻǵֻǺġ
Էʣ֪ǰʲô
˽£Ҳֱ˵ǡǻǻȥɡ
϶ǡ
˼Ƭ̣ͬһȥȰһжʹҷ˵Σ
˶ⷨӲӦȫûԷܱ֪Ңõλá
Ңãһ·һߴ½ЩΣһ߰Լ·ߡԺ⣬ƥǰһƥûˣһƥȴ
ֻĺȫѵģм½ܣȻ˫۽գȴǿԼţǰͷϱ׾زɴѾ׻Թȥ
û
ôˣ
л˵
һܺʼ11³ᡣܻÿ1-2


55 
Լ Ҫ½ܷȴȡ걧סˮҪߣȴһվס
Ҫȥģ֪𣿻У ôҢõģ
һ㶣 úĵ½ܡǽͻݣԡд ٰŹ
˽ֱ̧ȥ˴סһͨæ꣬ ʣǲ֪½ǰʲô£
Ǻ⣿ü
ʱվȻҲ㽲©һǣ ǱҪ׷ʡ
½ˣ ԭģô
ĺݺݵһ۸꣬ˣͷ鷿ڶŵ  Լɡ 
˱ȥ鷿Ҳţ ˼˼䣬Ͱһ ȥˣ ֻ˿Ųġ
Ңÿݵ鷿 һйرõ鼮˵һŶʷᣬҢõĽ˵𣬵 պ˵븴ʱĺڡ 
ʷ᱾浵 ƽںٻῴЩǽǾм䣬 ΧһȦ һ˵븴δӸץòŮ ڣ ٽǽªҡ
Ƕʶ֣ѧĶµʱϰ̬κ͸衣
ѧЩȻĵķӣ븴ͽǴһ䰵ңľˣĳøͻأǱҪ븴ָºľ˰ڳ̬ѧȡǣѧʱѧĽɺ͸÷죬ѧ¼
һ仰޾ϸͼ
꿴Щǰ½ڰŽСֶΣֽɬ
븴ҪЩû˴ӦϽд븴õ̷ǽˣȴҲδôƤ⡢˽ǵ̾ߡõˮΡɳΡΡΣݽȥٶšš˯
ÿηΥʩһ飬ܼ±ҪģйܳżգҲоܹգҪû˲Ÿſ
Щ̷˼Ϊ͸˴˵
½ܼƷ븴ǵѻزȥǰԭô֮ˣڴ˵ĥ¶սĬȻŶʮġ꡹˵ȲǸͷգҪ˵ʲô֮ˡ
˿ջãĵһ½ױдġЩܣǵ塣
ǸÿαؽζҪϰյˣ
ȥɱÿһˣаڲᣬĴǣԿȥò鿴ס
ʱȻˣҺüʱһ½Ǳ˵ڵĶܺ£ûд󰭡
һֱںͷĸ꿪ڣŭ֪Լжܳȥʲô
ɱô˵ڵ½ȵ
һȻ

ָʶʱ½ܸеģƱ͸ˡΪѵسŴĦŵˡ
˼ʱϲɫ֣ˣ
ʮһӿΪ׵ľǲ˱鸡ȻƲᡣǹ½ܴǰ˸

һͬˡǲ֪Ļ£ؽǳ˿ɱȡδɱ޹ȴΪĸԸҰη壬ֳЦ˲
Ϊף꣬
ĳֿ½ܾþһ˯ѵҲһ
ǡôˡ

Ķҩ͵½Уҩˡ˵ڶ纮ȾòأֻҪⶾ޴󰭡
½ĿƵϣСǡ
ŶǰƲƲ죬ǿҢʷ ֪ȥɲˡ 
ʲô½ܵĮһ˿ңúõģΪȥǸ
Ңʷ ֪ʲôǹ飬ڳԱɷģû˿ֶĵ׵Ĺ֪ˡ 
ٴαƿνǸꡣȥ˶㲣䵽ǰȥ֮ˣԷںҩ޴֣޴վһԣګګ½ɺЩˣﲻô
һˣŭĿԲôûߣ
ŵҲǴἰġ
½ܱ㱻ҩǺţݺݿ˼£ŸҧгݣӺε֪ҵ£Ϊθˣ
æڳЦҲС˵©Ҳǻ£֪ЩĿദⲻǰô
⻰½ŭҩˤڵϣ죬ơ㵽˵ҵ£ʹҵ˼꣬ʲôˣ˭Ҿ
ģ½ݲҰף١
깪סһֻ֣ô˵ǺõġҰǽᣬøлң
㡭޳ܡ
½ܲطҴϢƬ֮ٴλԹȥ

ɵˣԾɹ˴󺰲֪ʲô
ҪȥҴȴסǰϵˣȥ
վס꣬Ңãɲ
ͣ½Ųٵ˵ǶҴȥⶾ㲻ģһ˸űǡҲ֪ġ
½ջǱȥĳҢ˼ʮ˸ţĸ¸ڳ۸Լɴ˽ȥ
׷ᣬֻõһȪⶾ⣬ֻڡ㲻ɴš
ôУţ»ܺȣû˿㣬ʲôǶ֪غһ
˵£һҲ㡣
ҢôˣҲȥñ˿žˡ
üΣ׻߽̾˾䡣
һ죬߬ȭԭһֱڶ¡ֻΪⶾҢĸ˲УΪʲôҪ㣿
ͷһԼѡҵġ˺ˣֻжңʯ
˶ѡԼֻ˼һԶԶţ״Ż֡
ǶŸ½ܵĸ飬Ǿڵĸ겻Ң÷
Ȫ걧½ܽˮ¹ˮУԼһԵȴ½ܵӱˮѣȻˡ
Ȼ½ܵȷɫ죬ȣȴ۵˼
꽹ѣȥɵ޷ڶ󣬴ͷ㲻ѣԹôҲãΪãҲð˵ԹҾʹңοԼ
½ܰ׵׺ϼɫͿӣȴҪüдпӿļ䣬̲סס½ܵ˹ڻ
½ܿˡĴǣϧʱһ̫СȻһȥ߻㣬۸˶ɱ⡣
İ鶯ʱôȥǵ½ֻܲǴɣ½ٲҿҪˡ
Ƶú࣬ʱ˵Ĵһָ½ͻȻۡ
㵿־壬½ڸ󾱺һ㣬ԷʱסͨһˮС
½ܴˮץڳرϣ΢ð꣬ѧ֮Σˡ
һֻܶдǿ˵óģⶾģʹġ
ҴһΣδˡ˵պ㶼ˣ
ǣҡ½ҵĴҸͱˣȽⶾɣ
ִЩĺæʣˣǸ۸ˣ
½òᣬһĵȻ뷨ζСǰݺ³ĸ˵㣬ʲôǵ
еСʲô
½һĸߣ΢΢ͷ˵
½ܴ븴ѧģЩȡ˵ôŪ۸ˣδš
¸궯ãȻڲ½ܴӺĽһѷֽ֣Ųá
˫ָ̣Ҳϰ֮ˣѰʹã֡
˫Ű˶ľߵýҪʱĺˣȻͻȻͣýֺסڣӲ֮ľͷƻȥ
һۣһ׳֮͵ԭرסǺ㳹Ť
껹ϴģؼκûǿݹſҪ˵ı顣½ã湻ˣڽδʱŹȥ˶
ӯֻһ˲䣬ָ½ͬƽ޹ؽҪ֮£ʱֻµڣЩᶼֱ
һûߣȴԷȵȡǰȥ˾ݸиͬ顣
̸飬½ֱӰˮȥȻ£½ܻͣ˽Ųֻûͷ
ҿݸİؾ˷вûµģ֮еһɱƣ˾ȴΪǲδɱˣ˴ݹϵ΢ȡ½ģ
½ܳĬƬ̣ʱǵģϰоݸʲô
ܵĵѨЧˣųرǿվ˰Ǿݸ˾󣬾Ǵ˾һҲ˵ϻҡ˽ġ
Щ£Ҳ㣬ɱô
½ߣأҶûɱ㣬ɱʲô
һͷϿҵǺãȥ취ܱסǡ
㲻ΪʲôҲûл㡣½ȥ
лҡૣֻҪ㱣غԼ㣬Լðˡ
Ӧֻˮ
л˵
4㻹һ


56 
ڶ˼ա½۸ûʹ ҵǺӡʵš
ΪֻҪ½ܵ£ ˭ϺĽôһУ ʹһɼĻ죬 ȴй Ұצġϲ
˺գҪȥȪ½ĥĵطԼˣ ֻһֻ֣ һ˴Сʱ
ҵ̫ʱգΪ֪ݸؾõİѵоĽ׶ΡӦ½ܻᱣסؾãһ
죬 û䵽Ƿϣ ȴ˺ĶֻΪëסҲصѡսġ
ݸ ˵ǡ۴˰ ȥΪ֣أ Ļš
ؾð䲻ǼëƤİȴҲû̫ ǰ ˶µ档
湦Ҫ ݸ˾ŵ
ݸةؾһҵᣬ ʵ ܵΪߣ ӽԴ̡ԷݼĸɱߣӦնдСš𡢼-۵ȡ̫ӵΪΣ
꿴˾ϯ³ɵ˴ȷˣؾ֮˶أӦֱ˴ɡǰڱ߾ʱĶ֮٣ߣ˫޺ãڴʱؾð˽飬Сʧ󣿡
꿪ڣ㱻ة˻ȥˣҴ˴ݷ£Ȼ˴ɡݱ㷨⿪ؽǵ˴˲졣˼
ǳһ뽻ìܡ
һɣ쿪ڣⰸˡȣԲΥǱɹ۰ɡ
³⻰ֱһ򣬡£򲻿ɰ۶֮أţиһ꣬Ҳûݡݵİ֪ˣ˾ྭӪֻһ
˼ģƬ̺˱ǣαȥôԶھۣةɺϺ
ةһ㶣ǺϵģֻһȺܣδ˸ա
Ǳüȱ֡
Ｘ˶סˡةګګԣ³ɵ˸ͷϵ߾߷ڣ岻ѣ
Լİʮ⣬ҪչȴеĶ⹳վֹ
ӣ⹳£Ҫؾ˷ڶǼǺ¶ˡù֪ˣǱߡֻΪ˱߾һҪǡ
֪Σ´˷ô긺ⲽ㲻ز֡
ΪǸ½ġ
ٿȻͷ޲÷紵ᣬ¶ĺֻۣҪ½ģȫҪ
̫ӵľþݸ˾⣬ȻŹֺ̫ӵĻᣬձʽо˼޿ߴն˶˻ٵۣ֮Ƕ
ݸܿ˷֣ͬһѵ븮׼ǡ
û¸֪Ңáݸоڵõʵ۳ǰͲ㳾䶨
Ȼûգ糯
Щ긵һÿվܣ㲻ϯ糯ˡƵСȥǴ󳯻Ҳֻ¶棬򶼽֡
ռ֮Ȩ̫ӲǲڳξҪԼĶֳᡣڳ˵޾ϸҪҷգͰؾðоͱ˳
ų棬ʲôҲû˵
ɢȥǬԪֻʣӶˡһɢ飬ͻȻ£
ܲվлҲվ˵ġɶԷȻֱӣȴû˾ܾĵֻò鲻Ըعˣȴͦñֱ
ǰ̧֣ݺϡ
ž
õ㣬ףʺ졣
겢δ̧ӣǿһ࣬ѪҲ
ݿܷڶ꣬㵨ӲС˴˴λο˵ׯ֮أ㾹Щܣ㶪ĺֹ̫ӵ棬޵ģ
ɫƽЩ˷ݵĽʿһʱˣʲôܡҳ޸ϵҲΪס߾ģպո֮¡˵˴ƹܣֻҪĲӣʾͲ֣ô
⻹󣿣͵һˮյǰҪȥݣֻŰݣȻݵķƽϢߣһոѵֻ˻ոˣ
Ҵ˴ʮոʧأ½һ˵ģĴβ̤ĵ̣⺷㲻ûƹʱ죬ǧ˾̤ƽĵطαط£
껺̧ۣҧǧ̤ƽݣĲ˴񡣡

γյȥԷû㣬Ƭڼձ߻˵Ѫӣİӡص
ֵò̫ƽֻļ֮Ȩ˻ȥٶ淸ϣִ⴦ֺݣΪ޲ҷ̫ô˴ûҵ̫ӣ
ҧҧ´۵׾ֻҪһ̫ӣ˾˾Ҿ;ݷңҾȥݣ˴̤ݳʱһܶؼ
㡭㡭һָָڷŤ
ȻγһѽŸҪͱȻסæ£ūŰɣ
ڵͷ½ܿ죬˽̧̫˸ӽݣѰͬǣϲЩ
οǰŵˣȥ򡣡
ס̫ǼһܽȥסĲӺ̶ٰ˫ֱסš
ε͵ſţ֪Ϊֹ
ӱ̫ŤŢ̧̌Ű칫ǽԺһţתø泯ʹķ¸˿ţ㶼ȥˡ
յȴعⷵգƿˡûһʱ䣬ޱ߾˺ϵ˰̺Ͱӡ
ҪǣԱ븮ãûпӵġǲǰɼԶԶһۣҲϵóͷ̫ӵ£ȻϽĿ뿪
ԱǵķӦ꿴һ̫ӵܴ۹⣬衣
ߴ˴ĲֹԱСס
̫ڱϣײǰֻԶԶվһ¶ζһøе߳ܣַãֻյصǿѹŭ⡣
׺ܿˡ֪Լŵ£վͻᴫ龩ǡ
ڷ˵ĻֻаתƵζԴϣܳװ½ܴժȥ
ø֪½ܾҢҲ͸¶Լ½֮ľǰθһѵ½һ£¡
İ֮˲
һʱеͣϼۡʱż̫ǽ°ǵװģͷʢ¿ֵܲסūŸɢɢȡ
·£ĵʾֻظűƤ֮ϲ޺ۡż̫Ӳǰ˴򣬵ʱֻӣ˭֪
̺ۣŹţʱ̫ū澡
ܲʲôˡ˵ɢȣû˲ڵͷֱƤϣƵʹѣ顭
ġҪؾڷڶӦ½Щ˺úõģͳȥһ۸ǡ
ڸ˵ʲô̫ӣͲںһͶȨʧȥҪǷȫԴ½ܻص߾¾ǵһС
Э赹Ҳ顣
ɵͲסȻ赹ʱȴȻͨһ¡뿪˶ָȪ½ܽⶾأ
ڵ֮ǰ˾䣺Ҫʣ
ʱϳԼǬԪƫص̫ʵۣûǰʢŭֻȻһԱֱۣ˵Ҫޣ
ǿŹ´ͷˣ֪ˡ
ͭԼյĸ׺Ͱ̺ۡ
ںδηֱۣתͷɫԻͲ١
ӡ֤˸Ĳ롣ף˸ʲôֶոݣؾ÷ڶⲢȸνŪзϸơ
ǣһƵľȻǰͬº棬˼ղŴӸ׿к;ݸо
Ҫһ̬ȡ
ҲÿܲӡͰ˷ͳڱ߾ֻۣҸطǣ޷Ƕ෽㣬Ȼа취ġ
˷ߣ˼߾ϵ¡
̾ˣŰɣֻǡ
˺ü顸ֻǡͷĻȴɳȥ
û˵ȥ죬ѹŵˣȥˡ
κģֻʵԼؾãίʱŭĻ
վò˷齣Լ̴ӣķԸӼˣȥҢã½˵ؾôӷԺڶˣġ
̴ӿ㲵ӣתȥˡ

̷ƼĶдϣŸеΪ֪ĵ̡ƥģıǽֿƸ
ѵõ죬Ƹɽ˺Ƕȥչܹ˿ˣһ˳ƥɷԹ˼ԺУӰǽԺĴѰһԭ·
ǵȷ͵ģȥʱֻһƥֻϻƺһĵṩͼȫһ
һĵϲׯ塣ؾøʶɵãҢãǰæѰƸϮϻƵ֤ݡ
ҢյƸſڶأڵ˸ᡣȻǴȥʱȴע⵽ͣͻжʱкԵġζ
˶һۣϽӽֳװĴ󲿷ǲƥȴ䡭ΣǣƺǣɫЩơ
ٰЩʣµĶҪ͵ȥ˽ү£Ⲽׯͱ뿪ˣ
ǵģƸúõĺͽƴʲôƽЩӵ
˼ҼǮҪƴ
϶ͽйأҲȥСһ㣬ḽĿظպΪԵ뿪ǱץһǷƵĿȻѸ뿪Ңñȥ
Ң½ܼնûгţһ壬һߺǽǰ׮׮ֱ
ȷûпڣûɱ޹ֻûпڽ͡
ǿֻǽԼΪһϰߡ˵ʱŷֱͲʲôΣգ˶֪һ·Ĳ׺󣬶
Ըһй鹦ͱƴֽĸ꣬øлЩҳϵڡ
캣ŽĲͷ֪ԼܻãȥǰҪ¡
ʱͷиҪ˵ǴӡӶġ
½üϴǾ˸ĵҢõλóױ¶񶫹ȻֱŴ
½ԼνѾɧŹˡҢúͳ͢˳ͻǰΣԱϡ
ŷȥ
Ǹ̴ӣŷЩ֣̿߶µ˵̫ӵøؾûն׵ϰˣ۵ҪȥˣҲͬˣġ
½һϴθɷҪؾãΪʲôð취û뵽
˷Ҫȥɲʲô¡˵ģ
̴ɶ˵ɶ̫ͷ򵽻Ե£һһʮ½ܡ
½û˵ʲôڽ˴ˡ
ʵ층ҪؾãֻЩƫ򣬸ϣ¶ѣҲûʲô˭֪꾹Ϊô󡭡
һ̫ӱװſڹţɲʲôν¡
ȻûģȻһζܵõԼҪġԼ˵òԷֻǲԸϰˡ
߶ˣȥƸ̽Ķ˻ˣҪǹ
½ߣһǺܵģȥɡ
ˡ˵ֳ˹¡
л˵
װ=W=


57 
 ½ϡڴƸЩԼ˲٣û˴ǰη壬 վи ǰеĶڰϡ
ǽƸ˻Ĺ ͷ䲻֪ʲôĳ
½ɽ ͨһϵĿŵζǡ
ǣǲôҪʲô
Ҳһݽŵʱ ǵĻҩģ
Ѿ ƻҩķҲʧˣֻʲôã
ŵóĻҩҩԴ֮⣬ ҩԭϲҵ˭óҩ ǵľƱ㾡ա
ɼƹܣڳйϵӣ ½ܲĽ½κˡ굹ǲ븵Ϊ飬 ½ܸꡣ
գ һͬȥһ˽

һҹ˯ǬԪƫҹʱ ĺӰһ һǸΣ ɫӵš
û ܿ˯ȥ ʱ ѿһˡ
صҪ糣ȴ⹳ס⹳£ȥ߻˵ǱڴһַĶЩô򿴹ˣ˵ǡ
ֽǿǶ߬ˡ
ڱ߾ʱһЩ飬˵иѾİͨҩƷϾǡ
ϸıûˣôӣ㲼õõ
ҩ˵ǾǣǾٹһ飬Ҳ޷ֹ׵Ұġ
òܡ
磬˳ǰӪھǵһǣһ·ּҢѵϡ
ΪֻǡɿſŷֶԷԼһڽӽĹսǴ˾һͣ¡ſ壬Ϊ׵ľ½ܡ
˷Ҳ˳ȥֵ½ô
½ܶһ٣󵭵ƳһۣΪڴˣ
͸˵ҢҪȥ̽飬ȻûߣһҪЩǽķӡ
δϸȻһЦҪȥӪתһת
½ܶƬ̣δȥİӡ˰̴ǡ
ܴ߽ȥȻöࡣ
½˵ͳǶĿ䡣ǡΪѵؿ˿Ңڣɡұ½ģ˸ˡ
½ܸɴ¶ҵġû˭ɱ㣬˸ɱҡ
걻µƿԣֻôӦˡ
·Ͻ̸֪ΪͬĿģһ·̸ǺͻҩȥӪء
ȴ룬Ȼ½ҲҪǣԼ˴æܲúøУ
ϾС½ϣõˡ
̫Ӵ˱ʵۻةĻ֮⣬˴еŶ£ѲӲ޲סƽＫٽӪĵ̣˷ǰ˸˾ٱ˿áĽڡ
½ܲδ䣬ϾﶨȻϵԳƶūͣⱾҲ˴ݡ
ͨ⣬ŵȥͳңǴȴԥԥżŰͳ죬ڡæ
ٵ̫ӵ¼٣б£ȥðͳ챳ϲô
ЦŰڰ֣ͳæʲô߲ȥˣ¡
ķӦö˸мѣæ·ǴµĴá˰ңһְʿû룬վſһǵĶԻ
ʿڽƹܾΪһЩĿ룬Ҫ͡Ҳϸڣֻܸ޹ؽҪʿȴץŲţеΪѵ˼
ֵǣΪͳ죬ѯֻһͣȨԡ
ʧȥģ󲽽ݣĵ˾зԸϸ΢֮Ҫһζ׷ʣǿӣ
ңͳ죬վӸ÷ʲô
⡢⡭֣˵ȴ֧֧ᣬûӡ
˾ȶʮ
ڵ½ܡ״Ӿ˴ΪٺӪһʱ䲻ȴַǵ
԰ҵˣ
ɴ⣬ɤӵΪӣȶʮ
Ǿʿȥ½ܽһ㶡
Ϊȥݵˣڽְ
Ҷǧлʣһͳ죬Ҳܲã
ҿ֪Ǽģʱʱһôҹܡûܹɺл£ɣķǿɾ͡
Щ϶궼ˡҲ죬Է˵ô࣬ɼ˾ӡ
ֱӲֽ£Ͼ븵Ϊеʱδ
˵Ϊ֮ģ˲ǿִȥּӡһ·ϣ½˲Ϊ£֪ǼĻţӲ˽
̸̫Ͷ룬Ҳ̨װһ£ϹҵƲסˣקڸűߡʰ˳㿴һۣƱ滹ż֡
ƣʱˣ껹ȥ
ȻǳԼȥģѵ
ӾЧϡ½˱ϵ֣ʣͳ죬ʲôģ
ڽǴˣûʲôĲɣֻѡʵ׶ļ֡
ͷ˼½û˵ڣӾ˵֪Լ˭ô
һȥ֣ģӲһֻǴ˵ɳ½Щܲסֹסؿȡ
Դż޴룬Ӹٴˮȡ½ܲ飬ӺͱӸһԣԳ֡
Ѹ͹ˣǵġ
ȥ˾ӪеĲֿ⣬ûиţֻ͵͵롣ȷڲֿ﷢ֲͻĳмŵǵĳζҪ봢ĲֿʱͻȻһʲôˣ
˷ֻ̽ܵΪֹ½װԺһǶˣû̫ӵµĶ飬ôȥ
ŶԭǶˡ־ǱߣȥɣܡԷָ˸
½Ҫȥȴ˶ӣݸ߽ʿЩ죬ô벻ˡ
ǰزֿ𣿸ʽգ
չʲô
ͽ
ҡô֪ҺͶҲûġʲô
½û˵Ѹ뿪˲ֿ⡣
ͣǶʮǰݣٵ½ܼˡ
ʱС½ܺսֻһ棬˵ȴԺû뵽շת꣬˽
Ǳ߸Ѵֳ½ɫб䣬ǵػ½
½ܳðûֿǱߵĳζֿδȥ
겢δЩֻץסһֻ֣ʲôˣ
һءǱ˶ţҲǰ
ǲ˵ֻñ졣
ҵɫ¿Ҫڽٻȥ
ò׼½һ棬᲻÷ߣ״Ž﷿һ½Ҫһ𳢳
½Ȼó˼ˣڵһȥ
תȥһֱֻ󣬱ָ
ճǸʵıӰۿˡ
½ôŻȥΪ˼˭
Щⶾ
л˵
4㻹һ


58 
½ܴӽӪ뿪ʱ Ը¶ŸͻĳѰǵ˿
պ󣬸ָԼ һϴĹսǡȻһֱȵ磬 ȶˣ½ܲų֡
½պ  Ų졣￩һ£Īĺͱˡ
ŵã½ʡ
ǣŵͷ ξȡ
ٴ ҲͰҶֻͣ˶ٷ½һһҰ˸½ֻһڣ֪ǸĽڣ ʵ޷ʡ
´Ĵתת ͳæȥɣظˡӻֽ˸ߡ
һӪתһȦ˶Ŀ ȥֿ⡣½ܵҵڽնų ȷŹζ ȥ˲ֿ⡣𡣡
ӪصĲֿ⹲ʮ䣬Լݣ Ͳûš첽һߣ Ը£һң ɷŹǳζ
½ܼ״ȥһߣ ߼ ½
ȥǱߣ ͷҡĪ̫ӵ²
ƺ˵ʲô죬ֻеҢڵ
ӣһ֮һζұûǡ
½ݣȻŵһɵĳζȴԴϸѰһ飬ÿչȥֵ治Ѱ
ľ̳ɵĵϣĳһķ϶

һԸھΧȥĥ϶ûе򣬿µΡ
½̧ܵͷ
˿򷿶ֱӵת֡׹˳źĽҵ˸εĻء
תأǿ϶쳣ĵذ徹Χļ飬ڵ˸©ǿĳζ
µص׵ɼƺѷŲǼڵӣʢŵǡ
ʲôˣ
½ܻͷŶ룬ûɶŭ
½ܳǳǳһ񣬡½ܣǶˣ̫ӵǰѲ顣
ûݣһסöԷǵá
δϹ͵̱ˣŵ½ܣ㡭ˣ
׳ݡò
ѹʮ꣬½ܲʲôˡȻȴôû
ǧʿݣ¶ˣô©С
½гݣݣ㼩ùԱҲӦǴáɱ޹֮ˣҲߣѵ׸򣿡
Ȼ߳ŭǰһ½ܵ죬㲻Ǹ°ܽƾʲôǰţ
Ҵδܸ㣬ֻǰܸԼˡ½̧ܴ֣ڶԷץԼϣǱ˲ȥ꣬һͯҲܣԵı¡ݵ£ĪҪ̫ӵºͼ¡
㡢㡭Ͷݺݵ߬ȭ㡱˰˵ضһָ߶ǲܼ䱦ɹˣ۾ɡ⣡
ҢڽԼϵʱȥˣ׷׳ͷޣ˵ľİ֤أ
½ܳ΢΢ҡͷµðô⣿
͵󣬡ɶ޼֮ҵҲⲻ𡣵ʱ¹ǶҲûá¸ٿĸͷҾͲѴ˵ȥΣ
½һ
ŪʲôȻҪҵŲϤļҾڶ֪˹µļҲ޼֮
ͼ˸ףڳЦ˵ģҪ̫ӵ⳥
Ҫ⳥Ǻã㷽Ż˵˸¿ͷ
ŵæˣҪͷȴÿͬ˵ģͷȻҲҪġ
ݰٰ㲻ԸͲòϥе½ǰ˸
½һ飬ܹ
ġ
Ͳǿض˵ȥִյ½ʣǴǰϵãôͳˣ
½ü˰벽Ǳߵĵضȥǡ
ɢڵضͷҲʲôߣΧûͻҩйصԭϡ
ǣ˵ʲôҶҵ֤ݣʱʼٸߣֿһੲݡ
½ƳһۣҵΪ׷ǵ̫ӵ¾Ѱ֤ġ
ҡҲǡǺ죬һʱ֪νԼı
һ첢һٵ֪˲ǵλáҩҪԶֹǣҵԭϣҲܱתơ
ֻһգٴ
½ų븵깲£֮νˡǰˣԹޣΪβΪʱǹӲдˡ
ȻһΣǲ߽Ӫأ׳ӭӡ
׳һƤЦⲻЦʲô󰸣ֵ̫ӵٽ飿Ըһͺˡ˵±ҵģ
δ϶ԷֱӣüҲʲôͷ˵һ°ˡ³ģ˳תȦ粻Ӱ°ɣ
ң׺εЦ̫ӵ¼٣֪ͬȴӺδ𣿡
ʱšü˰벽æͲͷˣԼǡ
׵ǿɲң̫ӵ£ҿɵ˵ӪеۣҲǵĵµİΣ
ţ˼ͺˡҪһˣӪߡֻŶԷ·ۻعӪء
½ûúÿָ׵ȷ˲˼ξ
ְڻǣԭֳ׵ľ˸ƹܣֻʱڻʵۡδϺŮ빬Ϊ»ӣʵһ񣬽ϡͿ䵽˸С
һӣ̫ӵֳεþ½ۡ
ڣǣȴȥʹ͢ıǰѳŹţ޷ֱŶ롣
ԽԽԶ½ϣԼֻǶġ
ڿյϹۿʱ½ܸպվ븵Զ֮ȴƾߣƮƮһ䣺Źˣô
½һ̧ͷ
һǣȻΪڽҵõʯľ̿ô
ġ½ܶϲׯҢõĵӣµģ
Լµģֻƴ˼ͻͨҲƸм߰ˡһһ˦ȥ
½ȴеһȻһׯҲмߣط
쵽ݣ͸뵽Ǹˡ
ô˷ǽԼǺĿģ
½ֻ֪ܸܲŸ׵һߣ޿ӱܡ
׽ſڣ½ܿŸȥԼ˶½Ӫء
ʱ˹Żȥֿ⣬ȻҲ˰ء뵱ʱǵǼ䣬ϴεİ취תش򿪵ض
ţԸһץһͣϷͷӹ֣С

¶죬ڳɫСϵ档
½ҩСӲս˻żĲ㡣
ͷȫһĶһǷһûаŵġҪ𣿡
½ܵӼǺȥ˵
ڻҪȥץȴſٴǸ½ܣȻ㣡
ʹż롣ΣЦʲôأ£ֿΪ䱦ּ˹⣬û̫ӵ⣬Ҫ
ҪñٲƽϣοɲǿͷôˣҪ¿ʮͷ
½ܿ򶴿ڵļˡ
º͹ͻǸ˵ģִ󣬸׻վߡ
ðȻˡǼȥסӣ
͵ĻһӵϣͬҢڴѷ࣬˫ѷָ¡
½ܼ˻֪ԷҪԼ֡ȻͰ˽ֱԼǰ
㲻ǵѨô㣡
Žȷʵ޷Ѩ½ܱȡһӣ׼ڶԷʱֱ۵Ѩϡ
飡
һ˲䣬ײˣùһͬأѪŽ
л˵
½ܣһоŪġ


59 
ʱɫ ½ܲԸҹţһҲȲáֻǲȥ֪һͣСʱų
˳ţ ³ʱ ȻҲʱϻءһ³㱻Σһ·ߣ ֱȥȪ
£ ˰ڳˮУһΣ̽½𣿡
 ίСġ
½ϵӶʵͷ ôһͣЩڵϡ
ͻȻǸ꣬ϵѪҲġײϣǰͷ۶˿ӣ ѪֹסЩطҪ ⣬ӵһ£ ǵǵ½ܿɷš
½ѹûǽ Ȼš
͹ڵһ ʣǵʲôԹΪμʹ򣿣
£ ܻ˰ҧгݣ ˾ϲ⣬ ڱ ˵ոǴġ
ոݣһͷˮ תͷ½ܡ
½ܱһѪŪģ ͷȥ򵥽˶˾Թ
üͣǵǶʮǰ˰ɣֱڻļʹô
泯ţߵͷ£½ǶˣҲ򲻿ɻˣ壬СҳԣӣӦɱ
Ȼʣضǣô
ͷķԸֻɳӦ
ͷմѪֱһָ֮£ܺ졣ڣ
ǿӲ޷ֻܾòʵȥ
½ܹСȥΪλصӪ
갴ųѪ˿ڣΪһתͷȥˡ
˵ţܵ½ץסԷֱۡ
½Ҫ̽ʲôΪβһһΪ㸶ʱգԲԸô
ץסֱʱ½ܸеӺϴĸܣջǵġк˪Źʮ꣬ɺΣ
˵ٶߣȴͻȻƵǽߣǿӲصסȴͰ͵ģȥҲԣ㲻һĹµĻᶼҡҸôҲӴ˳ΪΪİ·
Ļ½һûȥֻĸԽԽԡǰߴʵմѪְץֱۣӿѪһζ
ԼôˡЩϲʣֻţȴУڴʱĴշ
ԽԽ죬ƵȫܿأԼɫ⣬ʮֹ˵ġ
½ǡã죬ǡҰɡ
ء½ܱܵؾܾǰһҪߣȴԷסϷ֡
Ϊô࣬Ϊλǲң
ֻΪ°ˣôأ
֪ҵģٸҸᡭ

˵˺ܶ໰½ִܶߣֱһ䣺
͵Ǹ
ùͶ֡
½ܳĿƬ̣Ȼ¡
ĲֿʪҴùζѪ뼱磬ѹԡҪһԼĿģͱﾡá
ºϵɫƺʹ߸е㡣
ֵط£ʵʡ½ʰѿ첽ȥȴԷʣй͵ģ½ô
ôʮˣΣ½ڷܡ
˵꣬Էضһ˼ӣ㲻ٹˡ
½ܼŻȥҪѴ﷭СøڣȻ˺ʹ򶼿һ֪ûϵǣԭɫС򣬴óʱˡ
ֻýСָˣԸǵݾݵѰá
ãԼ͸ΪΪҪҩ᲻ֻǸӣôǴЩСأ
һУʲô
Ϊ˵СмûȥȻҲ֪ʲô
½ܷ˶Թ͵ĿڸУǱ˺ȴԸ
ձȥ˾Ƕι£֪˹͹ݺ󣬶ԵعʵʩĲɱʱոʧصĽ׷ɱ˵Σ˻Ǻű𽥻Ͷ˼ڽıһְٰ
ԽԽˣȴһֱúúõģĹ½衣ȻǵͷϣͲܲܡ
ֿв֮³ͱƣڽ顣ǵʹض鹨͹ܣҧˣҲ׷ʣֱӾͽȫͷϡ
鷳ǣȻΣ֮ﱾһҧ֪ҩֻ׼ϡҲһ԰˵飬ʵû
˼룬½ʡ˽˼ΣԷǲֻǩ˽½֤
½ûپܾ˰顣׸ΪͻȻҪԸһССĲֿ£ʦڵ󰸡
֤ˣʵͳιʱ·һŵˡŷųҩڶ࣬ǽЩ˶ˡͼʶҩض´䷽
ڵϵĹͺ½ܣ㲻ҪѪˣ䷽ûҰ
ôӻң̿ʲô˵ˡʱµҲģԿ֤ˡ
ѳ֪䷽Ƕȡҩм㲻֪ϸȣҲŲǵĳζô
˵Ķ˵꣬ϵĸˣ㹻ˡ
̣֮µǰҾ£մУΪӦдš
Ŷֻţü
֪λ͵°ųôˣ뻤Լ¡
¾ˣɼ档ϴ֣ȫϣϲʲôԡ
һɵ½λã½Ҳڿæͷ顣
ǰ½ϣ˶ơ
һһ
̫ĹҪǸûбԭµЩżȻ𣬾ͳΪķ
ڳʱȴ½ˡߵ֣ûһĽ͡
½ʮֲؽг
½ͣ½Ųͷʱһס˶촽ʲôҲ˵
£½ӻȥ
½ߺ󲻾ãͣСźԹ˵̫ˣڹϺ͸׷ͻ
úһ˷ԸҹҽηĿغȸƣԿη
һ˵ȹӳηȥŵĿء
Ȼļˣ⹳
˹Ŷ˿䣬ı½ЩΨһĲ½ܺҢùȥͬҢ޷
뿪Ӫأɱ𣬾˵ԽӷͿԾ͵նɱ
ף
⹳òƹشӦţתʱȴ˽Ĺ⡣
ҹһֱţһߴһߵȴϢֱҹ⹳ų£δ죬Ȼˣ
ã۽ǴЦ׷ԶǺɱ
⹳׷ʮǵһһġ
ôԶֻ̾һҲûģʬأ
ʬͻˡͷ­ķԸˡ
ǳ⣬֣⹳˲Ǯ
֣ҪʱĽסȥҸʦ
ֹ˼գ½ȥѰСϢݾݵڸ֪ǣɽ̳õһֶĽҩ˶꡹ݵֻǼ֪ࡣ
֣½ܱ˷븴ʱµᣬϾɽԨԴһҵС꡹Ķ
롸꡹ͬ꡹һ±ÿһҪһŽҩҩúܣзֿ棬ȻͻѸٱңʧȥЧ
ԣ͵ĲҩǣС꡹Ľҩ
ֶ۲ƣͨڿ»ȡġɽֲʿο
ϻ˵ˡ꡹ϻйɻ½ܾƺʲôطŹȴּǲˡ
벻ͨǣΪʲô
ڷп˼ڤ롣ûȻȴԽԽͨ⸡ϣǰ󷢺ڡ
ֵȥô
ʱɫ½ܲԸҹţһҲȲáֻǲȥ֪һͣСʱų
˳ţ³ʱȻҲʱϻءһ³㱻Σһ·ߣֱȥȪ
£˰ڳˮУһΣ̽½𣿡
ίСġ
½ֻƳǾɡ
ô£ʵûҸҲøⶾҲֹͣô
ڳˮһϤı仯½˿ˡ
½ʼûۣԷĶϤǽǶȺٶȶǾģϲĳ̶ȡ
ȥǰ֮˭ֻζĺŬĻ𻨣ƺҲǼ¡
ͻżȻһָۣؿڴһ࣬ϸȥǾǡҢõơ
л˵
4㻹һ


60 
ʲô½ܻ䣬 ű㳡
ͣ¶շ죬ӣ ҽմȥġ½Ū ʵڶԲס㡣ҾԼҲ㳶ƽˡպҶһֱЧҢõġ
½Цˣ ЦֲҢõˣ ˵ʲôЧҢã
ΪҢ£䲻Ңõˣ½ˣҽ½Ңӡϣ ŵһҳϡ
½ܾ֪ ҡͷҢδϴҢõơ
ͷһ۶˽Ӻϴ ֮ϵ 
ıѿģȴʲôҲû˵ ƺԤϵǴ˵Ƚ ٴζ
½±ۣ ȥĵơ벻ͨΪУǸһ棬 ͼæҪԼǰֲȥ
ȻΪ ֲˡ޴
˺۸ʲô 㷴Ӧ ʵǱû飬 ֻȽ
ûӦ 㲻Ͻϵö˽ƣ
Ǹ̲סǿһսⳡĽⶾ
½̧һơ
ҲΪ½Ҫһƣ
ȴջأ½Թϰȥˡ
ףڸˣԽͬƽϣԽ
⣬ʲôҲôҲ޷ķǲľ
½ܴѣżۿЩ졣겻᷽ŵ£ֻ½㿴
½ⶾ±ϱߣǵһø¡᷿˼ɾ°ɫƳºͲͷԼ֣½£ͷòٸˣϸ纳١
ڵ½ʲôҲƽϣȥʣҪҿʲô
Ŵ򿪣⹳ͷʹӣ˸ϴСĺӣһ鲼
ʱ⹳ɫЩңȴδ½
⹳ֻŤͷҿϵĸǲ
ֻһۣ½ܱĿ⣬εü
ҪɱͣͬкθϵѪܵͷ­ʲô
ߵǰм֣ص¾ݰգƵ½ʹǧҲΪʱϣҲɸο֮飬ҲΪ½ѩѩˡ
Щҵ⣬ɱһ⹫Ӵģ֪ǴǰԹ
δ䣬㱻½һߴϡ
ԭ̫ӵΪһֱǺ޹ͣҪɱұ㲻Ϊңɱ
һ𣿡
깨ͲδݳǣǰоеԴǺڰסʮȥһ֮ܺҷ˳Թұ𡪡
⹳ĿΪ˱Ҫʲô̫ӵ¸
˰벽ңʲôˣ
Ȼ֪顣½ͷһƳӳӪغ⹳ȴٳٲϳ֣ǽҢõķ򡣡
ʹҢӪغڣжˡҢý׽ú⹳˸ϵ˽˹͵
ʲô𣬱ںµİΣ
󺧣һѾס⹳죬㡢ǹ˽𣡹ں½ҢãȻģϹۣ
⹳ָæ½ǰץסԷֱۣǸ˼Ңˡԭֻɱֻͣ⿪½Ľᣬ޲к֮⣬ң
½˦ԷҲҲգҢˣֵĹԲ⡣ţϴͱʱ£ţʵڲ˵Ϊҵ׮׮Ҫܡ
ȥ֪ҪʲôǷЩִΪá⹤򣬲γξϲſ͡
ߵſڣ½ͻȻţţԸе
ͷȫȻܣһʹӣǵùһִƣô
ڵġҪ
ȡһ
½̫ӵĹϵźʹ֪ȴҪʮֺ˵ȥˡ
½ſڳ񣬾þò
ʱ½ջȥĸкתˡ˵Ƥˣأʵû˽ǵġ̫ǡ
Ҫ֣Ҳǹͺ⹳Ĵλ˴̫֮䱾˵壬¾ͱͷˡ
½һۣû˵
СĵᡭԼͷ˰ɣ
һվҶ𡣡½̾
ǰŲŲס󣬡Щ˵ʣҿĻˮֲǱ֣ǾȲҲˣֲġΪ˻ţǲǶԼʲôˣ
½ܻתͷЦԭȲ֪С边οˡ
죬ԭ಻֪ýο
½ܳ㿪Ŀ⣬ЩůЩᡣ
ʹȡҩƻ½ָָͽȥɡ
͡ͽȥ
ʱʱţʹӼ½ܿ϶񣬵׻ˡ
ҩƲͽȥǿдžƺ嵽½ǰĹĵ½Ǻ⣿
½ܵɨһۣĿߣҼǵõ㽫ڰŽСǿ£Ϊұ㣬й¶ȥ
̫ӵϲַʽͽұһҩơ㲻ȥ̣ʲô
׽˺һŷӦк壬һһףѾƺһˤ½ܵߣǻط
ʲô˵ģ˵½ܲ˦ҲᲽ
վʵûзˣֻøΧˣѹͻͣҴǰ㣬Ϊͽǡ
Һܾ֮ǰˡ
½ܶ࿴ۣӲģܾ֮ǰ̫ͬӵкγԹǼģҪԸ裿
ǣҡ֮ǰֻ½׽ΪԲšβסĻң˫ǰ죬ƺҪסԷְ·ϲεͣڰգǸ
½ܱϻȴƳԶ⹳棬ᵭʣй¶¥λãͷϣη䣿ֱɱˣ
Ǳˣ͸ǧС
ڹǰιסǰ˵½ǣҲ㡣Ȼ޼㣬Ҳ㣬Լõ㡣֪Բס㣬ŽСһУʵҵȫ֮ߡ
½ܴ΢ɫһ㱻겻ıѩѹ£³־䶼Ƽѩ˵Ҹл̫ӵ²ɱ֮
ɱģҲǸô
ԲҲá
һķ֣ǧӵһ֡ڰŽС£ȷɱҸʹࡣ
½һѱϥˣᲽǰһ˷¶ҲˣҪĥֻǧˡ

ǰһᵹڵأʲôҲû׷ϡ
ˣˡ
ͷһ䡣
̸ùˣ½ޱҢˣγʹ£̫ӵ¿Űɡ
ŻŤŤվϵɤӣ֣һԸ⹳ؽηȺݺݴһ٣ڹ
ԷӦ£ʣԸô
֣صţ費Զˡ
Ҫ뿪½ܶסŲתͷԸ·֮ʱҴӦɱ
ɱͲɱＷ־䣬ǧУˡô
֣һߴӦţһߴͷŴ˸¡
ʱ£ˣ˵ҪʽͰ顣
ɡ½㡭
ѽˣһȥˡ½ߡ
뿪Сϣӭ·խ˲òͨλĴ̫üʱ½ͻȻס
ϣйɻ


61 
һ磬 ½ǰӪء
ǰǶֳǰδе飬뵽ŷ ϲˮġ˸æȥ
һ ſ͸ڸſУ½һ۱㿴Ϊ
ӭ䣬 ״Ҫۿ ½ӼȻˣ뱾ͬɣ
½ܲδֻܾͬȥ·ϣ Ϊ˶⣬ Ϊر߾ȥ뾹Ҿˡ
˵ģȴһ˵ֻ֮ĬĬѡʱѡ
ƫƫвǵģ ʣΪ ˶⣿
ΪˣʱǡʧǡԸš»ҲΪ˵
غһ 󲽶ȥ
һӪغĿյأ ǽ֮ʱĳӪľʿڲ ½ϴ·ʱͬӪﶼ׳ʿ
ǰ̨ϣ һվñͦ ڶͷʩ ˸ڳ͡ǹŪͳ̨Ӻ һС
½渵׵һԵ£ ĿǷĽ϶ͣͣ Ӳ濴ݣܾļΡ
½Ҳ֪ӪҪʿ֡ͽϳЩ˵ãؿЩ±ӣ˷ġ׽š
½⻰Щʮϱ˥ˣǶͻʵһģΪٳʵ۶Խѵʮϸ񡣺˴氲и
ϴ½ܼϱĲΪϵ׳̾Ϊ±Ȼ޴˱¡
ڣ½еʿΪصһɵ죬ǻӶ̬ܿЩһƽӹ֮ǲβѱѵ¯ࡣ
˻ˣд˵ȹ򣬼ϾǱнռ롭
½ܲͷЦЦĸףԷ½һЩ£
껹ڸʱֻ˾ܡ˭Щȥ׾԰ѽ
ɽǼ˽ǿʢǲ
һ䣬ǰȥ˽˵Щƶȣֿʼͷ˺š硸ڼӲֵء֮ĻȴȻһ䣺ЧҺˣ
ͷЧҰͳ죡ЧҼ£
½⻰⡹һ¡ٿȻߵ̨ǰ°һ·
Ŀסˣ̧߻Ǳıӣǳ͢ıѵЧұ¡Ч̫ӵ£
ʿǶʱסż̧͵ģͷ
˰ΣеĻصֻðͳǵ˾ǵӣԵһŲ֪
죬ոս˶½ȴͻȻеӽŵһ⣬ȫƲסط
͢ǵĽȻڳԼֻϼϻʵˣ
һĿѣ˰벽ԱǺĽٸæס˵ʱøˡ

Ϊʲô
΢΢ͷţʶԷʲ졣
ǰЦ½ӿɱᣬ°ٻǾڽܳɾ͹Ͷġ˵ǰɣ°ٻ
˵Ӧ˸׵ʻ½ܶߣ޺޵᲻ɱ㣬ɱˡ
ʲô½üδԷȴſߵˡ
ֻܶŸףʣǵҿģ
٬عˣ˾Ʋˣ½ӿɱ
½֪ԷлҪ˵ȥƲֳɵģƴһӪر㿪ʼ׼ˣ½ڶùĻʢ١
ǰһ㣬ÿӼһƬȴ߷ţǼõصİ׽ɡ겻ǰأ÷ص
ˬһЦΪȥأô
½ܲźۼؽڲûκһڣĪǵ´㳤סУ²棬̫ӵȨҲô
׺ȻͷЦЦ˺һͣ£̫Ȩ½ܣǲʡ
ٶνȥأ
磬һ˿һƲдůӴץס˽ʣȶȣһͬɢڴ󳨵֮⡣
̴类֧˳ȥҿտյ
½δϵ˳ԼҪ췴Ȼ˸ɴˬ졣
Ϊι̣㸵ԽıǿҲһһϦĹ򣻼Ϲ͢ԴڵֿƣԮȵˡ
һ·Сҩ衭
꡹½ộڣθ¶ס˶ˣ
׸λ½ǰ˫ӼݵƬ⣬ԼζҾϲ½Ĵ˵
½緹һ㲻ԿɲУˣһЩɡ½ܵļ磬ǵҸ¶ķˡζǺܴġ
ÿһһڣٳʢ͵ĳʳ˭Ҿܾιò࣬ͼʮˣЩͷģϰعŵġ
ÿ˵һ䣬½Ϻһֱ֣׹ߡ
¡꡹ͱʱýҩĳֻΪʵ£ܾܾܿ¶Ĺˡô˭ΪϽҩǾͻЧ˭
׸Ȼͨ鲼صҵ˽ҩ
½ܶϣ˵󻰣ϣûٱҲûж˽ĳҲŵϵĻ
Ѿˡ
ҿЩʲôĻһ
Ҳûʲô£ȥζתſӣһǳ͢ʿ漼ϲһЩԹʱҢһáıʿ࣬ȴһ˼Ͼӡʱıԣ빫һ
½üͷ΢ϸϸÿֽһ飬½ڽҢ˴Ƕū澣ô㣬Ҳҡ
½ˡͶ£Ϊʲô
½ܵȻûΪ˶Ա߾֮¿ͬ
³֮󣬴˴غݡʵʩ½˾˾ĵһִС㿴Σ
½ܴΣ޲ΡΡδ붬մ˪
ȡ˿ӣһƬ⣬ڽʳС
ֿʼЦˣЦŰԵвͶ㱳ѱЩ˵ˡûֹ˱˴̤ƽݻǹõġ
ݽɬ½ܼ³·ģ½ס
ֻǡ涾ʱ޶࣬պǰֻиС
Ŷô׵Ȼˣǵٷ½ӱ汾°ɡ
緹֮½ܱһ˵ӣɴûйأͷ죬·ʱٵв
˵ǰЩԥôڿ׽Ķʱ㳹˾ġ
һݽʹļƻ޸ġ֪ƻܿǼٵģΨһȷģҲǸģǹǵڡ
֮
½ܲ׸ΪҪв㣬㣬һҢõ֣ıԣϰ䣬һ鲻½ѷɫ١
͸ױоԹô㣬ҲҪʱĳ
᲻ᣬΪоԹ
һͻֻ죬½ܸʲôҲˡ
ѡʱӡ
ھʿĲУνĹǼƻȦȦ㣬ӡ
׼ĳɹʮ⡣Ңãܰ½ܿڽӪأٴζ½㾯һһȥ
ҴҢãΪʵΪءһ·ϣ½䵭֮˾ڣͰҳ˲л
Ϊ֮⣬ɻͳ죿½ӣǱһ㵣ǡ
֪½¼ģܹԼˣͬ˵䣺ﲢˣɼ޷ܸƸƣʲô¡ЧҼ²һˣαؽ档
˵½ԿóĲʡ
½οˣȥЩֻЧҼ꣬±ضĴм£ȻΪˡ
š˵Ҳǡ˽ƫ֮ˡ
һ˵Ңã½ҽȥҪȥܾˡóȥġ
ľʿҢøΧ½һȥټȫ£ֱҹ
磬ҢʳʵĳͻȻţԱ˶֮ȫĿ⡣ô˻ᣬ½ܶԴӺԺܵ뿪Ңá
ȥ˾˺ܶ¡ͷʲô˶óڰź¡
ȥ˶ḵ껹û½¾̫㣬ȥСӲȵɫȫڣڼˡ
۾ϲ⣬½ڵң˺ܾ۲ۣ
½ܵɨһۣҩ裬ȥȪ
л˵
4㻹һ


62 
½ǲŽ˶ ΪҪǳʲô£
½ܲȪȥ
ֻ׷ȥرߣ ȡһʮһˮУ ͷԸˡ
½ȴվס¡
ң겻⣬  ½ȡһƺƵ̼ڳرߵĵصϽ˸̼һ˷졣
½ܾ̼ߵǰ ȼŵĲְؿڵĴϡ
˻
۵ĿŤ
ڼ̳˽ζ ȻҲסǴࡣİ취֣½ƫѡֱĥ˵һ֡
˶ʹ࣬½ޱ飬 ˭Ҳû˵ԭϴȻ ʱ½ڱġ
½
̼ɨؿڣһƬˡ˫˵Щʲô ȴ½֡
½ⶾҩ
ҷšŹһˡ
½ն
òԾ ˲ǰʹ µ﷭ҩƿ߬ﻤţ ½ҪʲôŶ˷ѡҲ档
ȻǸҵģ ʱ᲻ˣ½ûٶ໰ ǰᡣ
۵û ֻбۿҩƿߣ ƿԷȥ Ȼ󡪡
½ܾڳرߵҩƿʣġʮһˮУ

Ƶ˹ȥҪҩ䣬ȴͽ͡
ؿ˴ʯϣʹʹԡ
̧ۣԹǰ忡߰ˡ
½ܵĻƽᶨһҩЧȥұˡһ᳹ʧ١ʱ½ˣҢãһӰ죬йء
תС
ܣŤŤվغǸ㳤ģҲӰ֮һѵ޹𣿣
½ܲͷڵ̨ȥ
ңһеȥˤ׷ǰеΣ̨״Ƚһ¹䡣
ˣǰ˴մ˻ʯӻ˿ӣֳһ졣̨̱£ֹ˭ȥֻԷǿųˣ˫ְ̨ףͷ߸ϵӰ
ͬɥ֮Ȯҡβ
½Ҫж֮ϵô㲻ܾͻȻȥ㡭ôġ
ʮʦ֮꣬Ϊ£ǻǰܡ⣬ǺޡһǺҵģ㻹δѰ㲻ߣ߱𡭡
Һ㣿½ҽŽżڸָϣҺô
Ҷ˲໥ãòˣȻҪߣƾʲôң
ҵһʦ֮Ҳʦ֮ˡ
ʮָģ½ܽ·ֻҪλúҵ׼ʹ˲ҵʹࡣ
ÿָǲȳա
죬ɫ˲ҰףͷðһƬ顣ʹģӲҧأó·
½ʧȥģżŲԷؿڣ˴һٴι¼̨ףᵹһԡ
½ܴӻǰϡó·ȥϸֻ½
ŲûͣԷĻ˵Ҳ뿪ʮһֻӻܸΣˣûܾ½ˡɳ˵ҪͨһЩ£ҵ׽ⶾİ취벻ͨ
һص̾Ϣ½˵֮յĴ𰸣ʲô
½ͣͣص𰸱ǡ޹ء֡
˵ᲽīҹԨ
һҹǰűڶת˺ܾá·½Խ˵޹أԽҪӹļѰء
۵ڻһʮһǷ½㵹ҩƿʱڰϵһȥ
ﻹ½ܸĲ¹⿴ͷĶ
˾ƣԼһִûҩ衣
һ飬ŵĸ˴룬üͷһȥ
ص鷿ҹױд˼һһӸǼ֣ɿ֮ǰȥóҩ裬Ը
Щڴ߿õɫ
½Ҫ˰ɡɼˣôԼ
괹Ŀ
ǣڻȥĴ𰸡

½ȥһøɸɾҵļ˶ǰԺûһȥٹһգҢô󲿷һͬȥ˽Ӫء
Ң˱źͽʿͬסŰЩʿвʺ˳ҪǵĿ½ܲôȴǿһЩ˱л͡
ҹǰʱڼѽ̸Ƭ̣һ𾪣ȻǸյ֪ձҪ֮¡૵Ҳ̫ˡ
ΪҲǲŵõϢ̫ӵ˽ͻṥʹǲǵС֮ͽ߱λˣҹȥӴ󣡡
ΪѵǲԸֻ¾Ƿ񣬲پʿ㣬Ժڡ˳ֻ²ּҹ·Щ
ϵĸ׵ǵðͳͱ£ΪǷȷ
Ϊһ񣬡ϸµۻӣݻҩˡ
գµڻȥҪ´ݾߡôЩ춼ˣһ³֮󲻻ġʵͦȥҢҪЩʳˡ
ܾ˼ԣֻӦ¡ţΪóʹͼյļƻ
Ȼ½ܵĽȫȻͬ
ڸǰΨΨŵŵ˴Թ߶̫ΪλͻȻ췴ءʲôҲ¼ݱ󣬼λĲҲô
ҹ紵ɢ޷½а̾ѿ帵׵ļƻʱܿڡֻǰİҵļ򣬡ҢȳЩȼ
˵ǰοҢòŶˣѿȫͳȥڽҲǱˮн⣬Ƿܡ
˻صӪأվڴƺڵȴʲôĿ֮תߡ
½üѹԶӪأȶԷ׷ϡС£ЩԼˡ
ֱֱȫ
ʲôˡ֮Ľޣ˵òпҢôδʲôԹޣ
ȻһЦûˣаңɼ룬һҺ޲ԡ㣻ҵһƬıˤڵϣ̤Ҳú𣿣
½ܴ³ޣԡ
ЩûĽԷֱܾãƵشеġµľӣ˭ǰļƺһ¡
һΣҵ
û뵽Ң˶ԹĮȴ˴˱˼֪ˣԸ͸ףҲԸһ޹֮ˡ
̧кҲ򣬱뿪ҢãתΪЧкޣޱʳ޹֮ʲô
ǡЦŤ䣬üȴšţоǾµ㾹άģҺ˭Ҳ㣬ɱ˭Ҳɱ㣡
˵պǰǿӲ½ܵ򢡣
½ܲ޶ôĿ׺ݵįƬֻֻ֮䣬תȥʱһˤ
½ܾãһ̾ԹԵҡ


63 
磬 ȫԱڲϼᣬһģʦ֮ǸףĻʮʿ
ʿš̫췴죬 OO@@һ ܿ㰲ȥǰҴ˺ţʿǵĺǰһ
ЧҼ ֻҪϵ ۵ָˣƴȴ޷ˡ
½ڳ⣬ƽһС
 緹֮ ƺƵʹ
½Ң˻أòƲۣȴܸȫֵλá
ѡǷţ һ·ϻ˵ֿȱٺȣ ʤ˶ڣ³ǰͷ ҪƵƴɱ ͱ˼ӣ սɱɾ
һ˵˹ſڣι˼̻ʹ ȻŻת ӭǽȥ
ŵǿسŵĹ£ Ǹֻһֱֻ۵̫ࡣ빬 ϵ㷢ͽ ½Զǽϣ ̫౻
Žף︵Ϊ˵
ʹڵؾҲˣ˫ҶšΪΪĸʱõǰɳ
ɳνӲɳ̲ϡ½볨˫ͨ죬ʱ強һֱȴֻ΢΢̧˷磬ֲ¡ΣòԼȻֽԡ
߷һɫڵĺ춹
ˣˡ
ɳ̲վϵ´ù˷ϡ˳֮˴ʱ̬ŵ̴Σ˫ȴſſعǰ
Ů̫ӶԸΡȻǸвȱ׽һܶ廨
㣬㾹ֻдܶ޺޵޴δ㣬Ϊ˴ޣ
бһָָۣǶȣµȷ檲һŮӣ˳͹ˣҪһ˫·ʵá
⻰ҭ˸Σҧҧи㣬㱨޾ˣӳʲô޿ûȣ
ͷΣһţһĲɵػظǱ±ȥɡʲôҶġ
ʱͷӷȥҲܣӦдʲô⣡ƾ㷺ύһƣѵ̫ӲɣҲ˵ûǸ£ɸȻʺ޹ʧ֮٣ƾʲôԽ֣֮
ڶ࿴ۣĵջʺԼɱô㽫Ϊ̫ӣʵ͸˼ȫ⡪ǵ֣֮
º޵ˣǾɱԸ
ϵķŭǽסһȥնĮ
ʱ˴Ӧһ˴ΪǰΪֻ˸񣬵лȥţ
һ䣬㶮ˡԸ˴ӸѳƣΪ
ʹ֮ڣɱԶĻϣڴˣ̷µǹٴ򣡡
ƴҶϵãʳǻܿԹ˱Է̸תͷȴֽһ
ֻЧڼ
һʹʹǹһ޴ʤ֡½Լжֻ÷Ը±ܿĿˣȴǱˮн
ʼղ⣬﾿ΪʲôıӦԷŵȷ˱ȴ׽һ䡣֮⣬ҢҲδ֡
Ѫӹһֱʵ⡣½ŲҾ󣬶ͻȻע⵽һͷͬ˵õĻƺִ
ҼٵĻףΪβɢţȫǰɳѾ۴ĸ빬Ҳȥǰɡ
ǿ㣬ٳ֮ʱΥϣɭȻ´ʱɳ
ɡ
ҺҪ˵ʲôɫȴԵη壬졣
½δڵĻȥɳǽµλñ¶Ѿô
ϾҴʱԲ֪ûʲôѾ
ʲô֪£ʲô˵
ǣʹǰɳ¡ҵ
ʿ̤ϦµѪɳн
ɳ⣬Ҵڽٽųɷ͡ȴͳ죬ıɳûʵۣ
ãĽٵǲݵô̫ӵѾأ
Ϊʲô̫ӡǲѾ˷빬Ϊûʵۺ̫ӡ
ʲô
ۡ
Ҿ򸵽ף£㡢㡭
֪˭˾䣺ⲻı𣿡
ȴ㹻
նʱΣΪȻбʲôı棿̫ӱʧ£ûгѵͿΪˣĻ壬ֻǡ
Ϊ졣׵ĿƮƮתƣڷı桹֮ϡֿƵ׶Ƶ˵òı档
鲼˴ƹܾܵеĽܲݹо档Ҫ£кβɣ
һڽĪ㵣ü٬⣬Ըͬ뿪ʹı棬˵빬Ϊ˽Ѿ֪˼ƭԸ֮٣˳ȥʵ˵ϴˢԩˣ
˵ɫѿˡ˵Ҳţֻýı˵
ڳɳǱ汾ıĹܿܵĵڽ᲻ɣ
˳Ĭáգҹڸ׽£صЧҵ£Ϊ١
˵գһԸ£ɳһǰɡͷŴ˽룡
Զĳһ㣬һϮ²׵ҲΣʱ̣Բһ
Ǹ½һյͶˣâֱ븵׳ͻ
½̾һ
ɳûʵ۵ģеˡҶ֮࣬ǵù
һŲŲɳûţһɧ
ͷиӲŹٷҪӳȥ𣿡
˵ة࣬ة࣡
ةࣿ͢ͷڹ꣬Լʲôĵˣɡ
ȴ˵ע⵽һԵ½ܣ߹ȥ˫۵˻ʵۣҵڶΧ̫ӣպұ֮½ܣθ룿
½ۣܿ޸롣֮˭Ҫֻںִ˾
ұٰѻ˵ЩһȦӽʿڣǵݸġʼЧұ˴δ룬˵㣿
˶׸Ʊѱнգ̫нգ½ܣô
½ܲϲӣһЩȷڡ
ֻĺ븵޹ءڵǴǰڶһƬģȴû̳֪ʶ̫ӡ֪ˣͲøѪ
شȻ⣬׵Ȼˣ͸ᣬȥľƨǣ½ֻΪЧ
θߣ
װļ磬ʹԼӣЦЦ뿴ɱɱֻˡ
½΢΢ͷ̹ȻӣغеĹԣֵʮֹ˳
½˹
ھȥڶҢýǡ׵˫ַſȴյߣСģɱˡ
л˵
½ܣ˵Ū̫ӳ⡣
4㻹һ


64 
½ܴҢǰ ȴָ˻ɳţΪζԼαδá
Ƕ˵ʱ δةڸǰ 飬´㽫ʥδ
һ ة൹ˣ㵹˵˵ δ
ߵ׵Ϊ½Ϊζԣȫ֮µ״ִƽ ֻʹöЩзϹˣ ѵԾɲϷģ
ԭΪةֻˣ컹ͦɡü˵ȥ
ɽʥ Ʊһ ףԸشԶ ޷룬 ޷£ פ
׳˼Ƭ̣һ أ 㲻ܻ ֮أ Ϊͬ˵Щة࣬ Ϊ˵
ؿ˸ͷ û
ҲãȷҪһڡ׿һֻɳİңةģ˻ʵۣȥ
㣬أһȥźɡ
ʱɫˣĺɢڿСʵҲůֻͣɱеѪȵģֱһг䶨Լı
½ܽһϮ£ǰСϡƽȣȴֹסؿȣһյʱɫ׵ï}ˡߵ¸Ҳ޼¡
ò㺮ˣľ֡ڵġ꡹
ʱ䡣ֻʱҹĥǰǱⶾɱģ֪жʹ
¾ǧһֲܡ
ҢôӽŽ붫½ܺͿصĽһԼ˻ȥȿס´ССĳڣв˷ǽ
̫ںδ½ҷµǰˡ
ǽСͷĿȻǰˣȥ
½ܴ˼ڣԷ붫
ڵĻ类ͳͳץӽηץǿ䡣ʿˣ½ܲ
ͻȻĳĵ½ܹ£޵½ӣŹ°ɣ
½ͣ½Ųϳߡ⹳
²ǵҰĲ֮ˣ첻ʲôвġģȨɲ֮鰡½ӣ׳£ΪݡΪҢøѪǷʲô㱳ҲͰˣôĶ֣
½ܾˣ΢Ϊһټ⹳ʱԷָԼƿڴӦ
ԭ˴Ϊ˭·⹳ֻǽ˻ҶļСˡ
⹫Բһ̫֮Ӽ㲢֪㲻֪ҡȺң֪ΪҪȻΪζ񡣡
½ܱͷǹӻǸ̫ӣ½ĳͬ˽˵Ͳˡ
ʿ⹳ץȥ½ʣ˲ô
ʿ˲ǰűһƤ⣬طڵǼη̾ȫڳԱ½֮衣
½һ漴׹Էָ
̾ȫηȻҪҪ
估ʹ֮顣½ܷԸµڡ
ټ԰壬ص˵ġˮԽ߱½ܽ·飬òߵڲ
ձ԰ֻǿأԶԶߵŸˡ½һüΪΰ
ǱʿǳʱһѸɱĻһ˵ֲ̫˲֣˭ϲѴ֮Ͱڵˡ
ͷҪŪһúܣûѸˣ䡣
½ҵĻأĬΣ˵ǿȥ
˽̶ϣθߴѱǡͷɢͷһõп㡣ЬҲжˣѹɢҵ֦ѱ˿
۾ŲҲŲϸɾúܣûˡ
½Ҫ߽ȴͻȻܳܵü죬ֱֱ򱻰ˣһһ߰γ彣
˸ǰ˾𽣣ŸؿڱҪ¡
ž
ॣ
һʯӻѨֻؿֻмĽڵء
½ȥʯָµĻ̧֮͡ǰͣһ֮⣬޲ϸ˲˪źص
ˡ
һմݣһָŸ꣬½ܺʱˣ㻹ȥǸͽʲô㣡²ɱô㲻㶯֣㣡
½ȥϵˣȻ֪Լһĺڴ˾ǺַӦ
һǱȴվñֱһǰ
ηԸң㵹·ְڣ¹ӣ㼴뿪
ʱۣ𽣣ٴָ꣬ǰҲãպһһ㡣ǱͲ˴ˣοǵ϶ɱ̫ӣҢõֵܽûر߾ݣǵ̫ƽӣ
½ʧȥģ׷Ը£񡣡
վԶʮ㹤ĽǱŸ겱ȥˡ
½һȴ֮ʱһƫͷǰѽתϡ
ţ㶣üǶס⣬ͻȻѽˤ档֮ʱýżס򣬽ǰѽ˳ȥ
պþ½ǰץס
ӵ½ܲްֳɣǰӺǰͱ
ѪŽһûеƵҹѪҲڵġڵ½˳׾ָ忡˫üۣϹ½
ܿվסȴǿţ˲֪ŤͷĿʱͻȻЦˡѪΣڲһ䣺½ҡǲ㡭ɱġһˡ
½ܱųĶһĵģӦǵһ
½ƽҢֻıɱˣҲڶ֣Լ֣Ҳþ׼ֱ֮ȡ룬ҲѰ
֪ǣ븴ĵԼʱñҲɱ˵ġ
һǷȻǲǵˡ
˻һ۾Щο㣬ȻϲѪЦȴޱȲá૵ǡҲá
ˡҲźˡ
ڿϵˡ
Ѫʬⶼ½ϤĶʲôˣܹ鲻ԼˣڶԷΪζܹ鲻ΪԼá
ҢҪǰʬ½̧סˣýǡ
㶣½ܺŵ˷ĺߺƺ˵Щʲôһȡ˰ѽߣý⽫еĲ
̧ͷ͸͸ĲǰˣУ½Ǽɱҵôˣµɱ˲һʲôأ
½ܵ˺㣬ˡ
½˺ңԲˡǹһĨԳ
½û⻰ǶǰˡʵҲûҪζ֡һ˰ֲˡ
û˷ǽŷΧ½ܵɤ˿ȡҵһסĺ
⼸ͻ˸ʼ򶨵ɫҧҧͷ°ƲԼ½󣬴еһ
½ǿֹס콣ȥסջ򿪣һöҩ衣
ʮһ
㽫һƿҩˮУһ棬ˡ½⼸̫˰ɣҪδ꣬һҩˣһҲá
ָĦҩ裬½͵̫ӵ˵Ϊҽⶾ
ɫһͣ׵ҩˣȪȥȥҪұˣסô
½ߣתԸ£Ҹˣʲô˶ԡ
һ£ĻͻȻʲô˶ԣҿɲԣ
½һüʾվԶЩԼͣڸ꼸⣬˵ɣĲࡣ
˵ĻǺÿֶǧ̳ģҶǽ֮ˣǱߣ½ǽ¡˵ڡ鰮ϣ㻹ǵö٣
½㵭֮ˣǵʲôʲôҲǵá˵ռǵҵòĵһΣҪһΡ
ҡ
ʶʮأ㾹Ҫİ취Ҽǵãɱ½ƵҺθɣ
½һ֮ҵĻǽߣҽٲֻأߵøɸɾҶٲˡ
棬Ϊȥ˹ȥΪҷһδĿܣŻ࿴㼸ۡ
껰סҪˣ½ʩһʲôòãʲôáЦЦá
½ޱ˼Ƭ̣Ը˰ȥȪ
ʵĻÿֶȥˣҲǵһ֪ԭȴ벻˶Էĸ飬䲻ͬʲôڼμǵ˵
˵ѣʬǰ֪˭ܽⶾֻⶾһ֮ˣʵڲȥˡ
Ҳ͸ֱҩɾȵģ˳֡
ǡЦЦ½ǶϲӦġ
һû㸵ѭ򽥽ͷľвҪҩȪȥͷݣϴͨѪͬʱԸ°廨ĸӽˮ̣ڰϱá
ƽڰʯϣ˫۹̶࣬Ҳһ۲Ҳժ
½ܲɷ˵ȥǰ븴ѧֶΡǰ˱ڲ죬ƺҪȴסֻŻ
½ҿڵӺòã
һºòã
Ųòã
òãĻܿ͡
½Ҫ죬ԷȫȻûоܾأֻ˲һ㣬δѸ١
ֻǽ֮󣬸ǿӵǰ֮°Ϳסļ˫ֻϣǸӵˡ
òӵŵ½ܵ㣬ഥ֮ȡ
һǰĳҵҹϸܵ
ʱ̣ץסȫˡ
½ƱƬ̣ȨҪġʩ᡹ڸѨλԷ㡸ˡһһصϣȫܶ
½ܽ۳ϴɾ׷ʵǪ̈̄ףеڵϴһ飬ȥηɡ
л˵
꣺ллԲˡ


65 
˽Σ ½̤ǰΪڴ衣գߺߣ λ ɭĿɨ¡
Ž˶ʱˬ 糣
£ ձϴ˻һذ׵˫ְ۱ڵϹš½ܶµǿ鲼ˣ 뿴
۲£ ֻĿ⣬Ųһ㣬֮ʱȥǻòնӡ
ĿԵƽ էʲô½̫˽ˣ ۲΢СĲķп˾塢󡢰Թͱˡ
˫ ½ܵ˼Ȼֻصǰ ڰŽСĵһҹ
ʱĸŵ⣬ ɫһ˹ƣҰƻ Ӹµ衣ʱ½ܾͬǰ˫ӣ 塢󡢰Թˡ
ʱ Ƿͷʢ̫ӣ ɼū
һеã ӵоԵȨ ԽǰڲԷȴ޷֮
ȥЩ½ܲδж޸ܾ꣬һĽסʱ˿վλϣһǿҵĺȻҪĥˣϷйԼܵĿѡ
½վڹŵߣĿü䵽°ͣٵļšŻ׵ˣÿ
ֱĶԷô
ɿָǣһһ½ôҪɱҡ
½ܱЦһֵҪһˣҪɱ㡭Ҫʲô㲻֮ϵʵγǰѡʱ֮ϵˡ
㵱ʱԴ룬һѻ˰ŽСҲöˡ
ȪҲطϣôĻ֮һһҪ
˵ͷһ۶Էʮ⣬˫￴˾޴ı;ۿˣŤȫޡֻ벻ͨΪλҪסšûз㡹
ȻǷ治֪ʲôˡ
½ȥһı任ȤˣԸ̵ʣȴһ١
˽ԭ䶼˳ȥʱֵҢõԼˡǰһ̵ʣȥ泯ϰҪ֣Ȼعζ½ܣƾʲôң˴˴̫ӣ
½ܴ΢۵ĮȻ̫ʧ£ͼıҷ֮ʡ̫ӣ֪
ıҧ̫ӣΪҪı֤֯ݺڣ
ǡͼı֤ȻСռ㲻ϣͷϰʲôõ֤ݣ
ʴȣɱ㡪ʱɱ㡣
ͷͺߣûԲɡ
Ǳɡ½ܶķӦ⡣
ǽϵĴȣ±⣬һ˿һǵϣȥ
һʱƺһͷһ㺹ˢˢ¹ˣʮ¾ʹѪģõƤⷭţѪζǡ
ֹѪ½ܷԸţ꣬һΣ
籸ֹѪҩ˴һʧѪԡ
۵沿鴤ѣòӣ½ܣҿжң
档½ǽǵ̼ܡ
һϢ걻̼ϣõǱӣšžžһ˺۵ǰδȫ˵ľˣ߲ۡ
ΪͬһԿµĹѫ
֮̾߻ɴ˵̵ĹӣסƤƣͱһѪѪ˳£Ƭ֮ԭѲĿ
ɫҰף麹˼磬ʧȥԾдᶨֱֱŶϵӰ
һڽӳڸؿڣһƬ˴һؿˣ̵īʱµġ
½״ڵη̣Ǳٸһ֡ͨЩʲô
иԭݵηɹҲûж޷ʲôū֮ġ
½ܴӣ޸ס۵ײ÷Ǳһְɡ
թļ飿
½ܴӳݷҧ¼ļ
ǴӦһѰϸ룬һִ˸ϡֺأ뼡īɫΪۡ
¼ļ
û֧߳ܵŲסҪ赹ļƣһʣõˮ˰ɣ
ŪĻȥˡ½ܵˮɡ
ˮʴʹУײɻԣȴʹѲáմˮƤãòɲ
ڸòڵϣٺò
ǵ׼ˮȥˡ½ûһ̼Ǳ˵ˣԳη
ͷļҴһֽץ֣ʱڲʲô˰µĳ룬Ȼҵ
½һչֽ΢
Щżݡݡݵڽݵܱʾѽӵ̫ӵ̷ǰǡͷһŵͼȦ˱⻹ļݣԼΪԶδյš
̶ձ˶ȡϵ½˾ƺ󣬸
ʮѧıûѧ٣һϵʤ½롣
ضŵڣǶΧʹ̽ˡ½ܷԸ
󲿷˶ֻУػʹ
Ȼ˱вҪһšʮһЩʱղ֪ȥǰǰƽ֮ء
ʹ˷Ͳ½ˡ
ʱǺҹصʹѯ˸ʲô֪ԷǬԪδޣ½ܱǰȥ
ߵǬԪſʱְصаңһͳ쾹ײʿһվڡϸʣֻ
½ܴǰǬԪĳ͡ʱǰԣ̽ʵ͸¶ЩԼոصĿθβÿɷҲƺӲЩ£ֻͬЩĵʫʸ½ܲδزŻڷġвǬԪӦơ
Ȼʼտ壬ζЩȤֻơģֻгˡ
صʵأ½üͷ΢ֻԭׯϹǬԪУαƿܱգڸƿƵ顣ΨһһõնΪűߣȡ
½ܲδʣǰһҾص£Ңռݶ·Ը̫Ӵһ١
ٿȻ̧ͷΪǴһ٣Ծ֣᲻ˣ
ηһصѪһãֽˮձ͸ˡ
Ŵԣ׹Ϊͷ½̫ͬӵΡ
ת½ܣѹͻֺ½ܣ㿴ľ档Դǹǻᣬȫƾ⣻꣬ǧʷϾǸ治Тķ̫ӡǾպνô
½ܴʾǫԵ飬ƺֻ˳ӵؽԼء
֮
ҪʱĿڵжͣƬ̣״˾䣺¿ҪѰʲôҢмóѰõϣ
ȥɨһۣһ
½ܲɫ˳Ƽ¾ǲѲһȦ
üƬ̣Ȼڣͳ죬½ĳҪ㡪ΪڴѲ飿ǬԪ״
ǡ
¿к½ܱܿԶ¡ˣ½ºԼվһԡ
ͳ죬ǡ
ҵҷѰ£µòأ
֮䣬䲼ҪּʱӸǴȨκ˲ͬر֮أص֪
£Ҳ½븵̸ʫʱԷ˵ġ
µڣʲôҲʲֻڻʹ֮еҡǬԪǵ޹Ȼ׵塣
ҡ֪ΪΣЩ£Ʋȥţֱץˡ·Һͱʿһͬվڻն⡣
˵ɣ½۵ȴӷӿ
ҪگλͱҵǸȻα촫λʥּҲ޷պδαμȻҪأҵ¸߳ŭԸʲôֶΡ
ԼΪҪ˳Ʋ
½ди²⣬޷ʱ֤
½ָһĨ¹⣬ڶԷģΪɡǽӣҲŲӡЩʱҢЩͳµĵůůӡ
ҲǽŽ˵˷ο˵
࡭׶ȱѾЩʱûùһˡȻҪ½ܼϿȻӳ忡׵ݣһ˲ĳգֳЩңæͷһ󲽡
ɵ㶵Цδǰ֮˶ӣ½ӷ˵ңʲộָ
½ܽԷ仯۵ףԶ֮·Ըսʡ¡Ǳǽأµ˲ϵңʱͳ鷳Ԥ֪һ
׵ȻûԸ½ܱ뾡Ρ
½ӡ̧͵ֻһ۾ӿĳΪͳ죬¾ηңȴ˶ţܲϵ½ӣ
лͳ졣½ܴһѲӵļʿ·ǰ벽ŵü᣺һ׮£޷͡ұȥž͵ûɡ
Ų½ӡ
ŵù£Ǹ֮ʱû滨Щࡢ¶֮ģҪʮõġֻܲغãܿõϡ
һô½ӷԸģĳһ
Űƶɫ½ܰͷǵĻһ
ҷֱʱĸ죬½һ乬ȴҢںʿ伷һ½ܲ£˽ʰ᷿ϵ̡ӹⷿ﷭ЩһͰȥ
ǽռʹĵһҹʣ¥ڼžֻҹ쳣ӿĺ⣬ʲôˡ
ҹ½ֻ˯˲ʱһΪߵţٿͿ뱻ѵ˼ǰ½û˵ʲôֻǰ£ʱù緹ò˳ӵΪȥˡ
˶½˺ߵΣֻһаãȴΪע⣬һ½գۣǽ⡣½һͷȥˣǰη
ΪǰͷѺη½Ȼûõʧ
½ܹȥ֮沢δǰ̵ѪȵӲǼϰˣͷŵļˮһҹʱͨͨûŧŽ˰̣Ҳ̶á
ϵԭѣ̧ƤĿǸ˼ҹϣдԹ
ȻӾ⣬Ǳ㷳ϱ
½˼ǡͺˣΪĻʱü
˼֮ܣڱλȴӶʮأڼ̫֮λŪȨ°롢߾ңǫȴٰѣ淴֮ģЩΣǡУ͹ˣ
½һηˣ·û˸׫УֱֻԼܿĿ⣬취ҪζԴˣźϼµ⣿
Ϊһڰ֣½˵Цˣ£ô£Ҿ˵ˣ½ѵҵģ
٣½ץ˸ۣתͷ̼ϰŵˣζɡ
л˵


66 
һ Ϊæҡͷɱ꣡
Ҳδ˵ɱ ½ԾƵģ Ǽ̣ͳô ʡȥ ٷվֹѪѡ
Ϊܿ첻ǿ־壬⣬ ҲҲãϣ ü¹ƣ½޲ڣ
½ȡյմˮһ̧Ƥڣ  ȥọ̃Ҹҽʶģ ֹѪҩڶѺֳ֮ ֮˽ôġ
ɫ糣 ȥˡΪĻú޲˷ܣ ȴֹס
׼ļ϶ ½ܵ԰˺ġֽԼ һҹĹ ǵڶ֮⣬ ʹݽӵ ǰĳţ֪жԶ
½ܷżֵǵȸݱ뾩δλѽ̫ıϢų˵Щܱ̫ӵô
ᣬǻ򾩳Ǳʸе壬֪ǳԸɴ಻ˮ½ܳԣһǲò֮ˡ
ȻһЦԭˡҪǴȥɳн⡸꡹ķӡ
½һͣӵʮһ²𣬺ļڻ֪Լʱ޶ࡣ
ʱΪԶУη׼ͣ½̣
½ܰ˻صηԸڶ̣ԼȴûȥۿŰˮ˼ǼżһĴ㡣
ԹۿûʲôȤ븴٣㲻Ϊ˵ıĹֻҽҲҸ걨ǰĳ
Ȼ˹ֵĽͱĥϴΪµȴû֮˵Ĳҽ
֮½ͷ޶һպޣȥơ
һյУƹ磬̵ηﳣһɸ֮һ˷ӭͷһͰˮ͵һʪǱ
ҽԽͣ˵˷ʧѪ࣬úסԡ
½ܲɫȥΪҢÿǺֶΡ
ӿɿˣȥһһһġ
ǡȻ
½̼˵ݺ߲ˣѷֲһǺʱµģֻƤдѪδ
ýˣ֪˲ǲÿһʱͺһóʹ࣬ȴӲǿŲϽкõϣüۻʹ鴤ֻ˫۲δı䡣
½Ŀԣ˫еˣֻʣˮһƽôֱΰ۲Ҳһ˿·ͶԷûл˵ֻǿһ㹻ˡ
˫ۿþˣ½Щ㱡
ʮǰڶʱ˫ۻ鶯Ųµã֪Ǽˣ˫η壬Լǿװ룻ڹоȳ֮⺢ӵͱˣҲˣȵӢģǶ̫
ٺŽСǸһߣǿԵ̰棬ΪֻһȨ߶ʦ裬δʵǿ̹ǵĺ⣬˶飬ϧء
ǰƽ֮ϣ½ͻȻҲһɺ⣬ĵ׳ͷδǿҡ뿴ٵ٣ʦ޳֮ͽ
ԭ䵭֮˺رɫٿȻ̼ǰһԲٵڳһҾѱϣʮʡʮ˽ǵġ
½ܶ˵ֱָ˺۵ͽ
еƽǰ̺۵ǿó飬һǳЦ˫΢΢⶯˿ɱ֮󡭡ٺҡҲ𡭡Լ
½ܽĿڡ
µӡҡװ׵ߡ۵㡭
Ƥƶ½ܵһ䡣
ͷۣԼ˲ŵ̤̤ʵʵļ֣лл㣬½
Цã·ȴĲһѵһǡ
ǹ𼥳Ļȣ½ü·ڿһľȤζЦƬ֮һԥؽûԷؿڡ
Ǹʹ飬Ѫʺ죬Ũص
Ѫͷ˹ȥԭһƬǽմ˲Ŀĺ죬ǡ
½ܵĮһһͱؿʱ޲֣תȥ
Ϊ̵׷һѱסֱۣ˵Ҫ
½øһĿ⣬ֱۣĿȥ֡
ŲٵڳΪӾǶˣҲÿѪͱͷĵƫ˼硣
䣬½ʰɾѪʱΪ߳ѻָյİֻʾ˻񣬡½ֶθֶԼĿɼȥα¡½㣬ʹҢڴ˺úÿ˷ɡ
½ЦֻҪΪøܻΪ˲˱ضߡ
ֻļ๤ʱ̸ȥʱ¡
д⡣½ܲӡ
Ϊ뿪½ܱηĵڶ԰һȦ
븵Զιʵء׷Ӧ̾ʵʲôҲûУԺͷľռݣ·𷽲ͱһɱǧУƽһѻκ֮£ζЩ
ֻϧǣΪ˽ɱˣѻҲľҪ鷳
ԼһӺ󣬹Ϊ뿪ʱЩ㱣û⣬ȫˡ
ܺá½ٲ࿴һ԰з⣬첽򶫹ȥѺ
ſڣĺģҲҸطˣֱӱ㿪ڷԸͷһ빬ȥ죬߿˲ϣΪҪȫȨƿء
ڸ϶ĵȾҼɾӽŲȥڵҽͨǽжԭĴţȳ̱˶Ҫ˻űǡ
üʣηβֲðšˣ֣ô죿
˳ʲôôЩ˻סһзϣ
һ˵һԥָû꣬ĸˡˣ᲻鷳ҪһЩ˴ǰû¶ˡ
½ܽӵȻˣҲ˲õ¡ȥǣһҪǲø£Ҫʱ򲻿ɹǲô
ıȭ
л˵
7㻹һ


67 
һ½ܣ һЦСģȱֱǣաе庮Ҳ 򲻿ǿš
ԣ ½ߵĽŲסԭسĬ˺һ ̧ ڣȥ󣬼ӦҢõһˣؾⳡʲ̫ã ߾кܳ·Ҫߣ ҢصԶ޷ѧ㣬ԺȥδӣҪ֮
˼ǡ
½㵵Ļ ҿı飬 ͬ˵һ䣬ȻӿŲ ͷҲصȥ
˶磬 ½ҹû˯ ΪӻʱӦϢм¾סӣ ֻǿʹ ˵Сߣ ˺ôһȦŵĳ
ȻѺк ½ܴſڽʱ ıʿͬк ȴһ䣺ɣҲͷʻأ
½üͷ΢ʲô
ˣ»ʲôҲʵİɣ¾ڳݡ
½ܵл볤ڵ԰ӡ԰ľףֻǲԴɫԲɽ̼֮½ܴδȥƹͷľѰ죬ӦסߵǼ䡣
ԶԶأ½ܱﴫ߽ĽŲȴǰһŰͷŸ׵ӣԼʿӦǱӸΣֹ춯ġ
ûţƵ󣬱ܿݲര¡͸뿪ĴӣͳֻˣΡ׺͡أ
˶վţǶԸţڸԡδʱָŸףǷŭԹޣӡ޾δ㣬㾹淸֮£
ױ˫ۣ㷸µĴﲻǶˣĪҪڴʱ䣬һΡģ
룡νϲյ򸵽ףԷȴһˣֻҳһƬҪҵҪ£͵ñı
Цһұ֣ȻӲеǰ취㿪ڡ
˴½ܺȻеһ£䵭ӲС
תǰ˸Ŷñˣװ磬Ӧǳɽˡ
½ܵšʱֻͬվһ֮ˣҪء
ɽڹﳤʢ˥ǻʵ۵֧֡һ仰ԷȻûкͬԵʣʲôˣϵζ꡹ĽҩӺδã
һ٣˾䣺ػȻҺˡ
½ܲ£˵ݳõġ
дʣֶãֻһʱ֮Ĳϡһûзӡ
½ܿƺ˵ȥˣһ˦ӴȥҲͨͨߣֻ¼ʿ
½ƻ߽Ǽӣͬſڼʿкҽȥ˵仰˲öԸ̫ļ²ԿڣҶʵ
ùͳķԸΪʵģϹϾ˽ȥ
Ȼ̱λһʰϵƬ½ܲһ߽εԲۣλӡ㻹ţ
½һ飬߹ȥ˸񣬡һţ
˵˶𣬻˵ȥ˱߾ֻ˾ǣ붫ȥ˽ӪءҲ˵ڱ߾ˣǲ̫ӷųĻΪ¡
üᣬ̫ˣҿ㻹ţȻȫµķҪ˰
һƬڵߵ죬ԭʧ֡æʰ𣬶㵽һȥˡ
½ܲͷһ̧߻£ȰԼ˵ˡӣ²˵Ļ£½ĳɲ˼ɡ
£½ǰΣѹٵ̫ӴӸݵ˱ձ־㹻̫ʣһˣ߿гȥˣ
εɫתΪ𾪣ֱǰˣòŶ˶һаɡ
½ܵױдһ˴ȥһԮϵ˱µּɷĹǡ
㡢㾿Ϊ˭£εĴݶڴ
½һ٣½ĳΪ¡
˵ֱӣ򲻿ڼʹʲôֶΣҪϵԮϵ֮ʱ
ͻȻЦð½ܣ½̫ӡ޳ȥЩСˣһָ̫֮λ
½æſһۣûŰġᵭ½ĳʱ򡣱Ҫлңƴ߾ݾˡ
ٺӶ໰˺ΪҲģǲײĲᡪǺãײġ
˵תȥſĻһĶûʡ
½뿪εľȥȴھʱſšһǷŷλӡ
ⶾģ֣ʾ½ܽ꡹Ϊѣûзӡ·̣ҵǿԿ취ӳȻŵľ׳һ׮¡
½ţȴûǰߣˣ˲ҺúûţҲΪⶾȥܻλĺƽкκ
Цһǻɶ˻𣬺־Ҿף½ӡ³ɡ
⣬½ȴϾᣬǳ˳
һ鷳ҪԮϵ˽Ӧøεʡͻܱ
½Ҫȡģǽ
ʹʵΪƭҵ˶вֻ¾ıѾǷЩ
˼䣬Ȼ죬һֻ½ָ̧ܷ֣⡣
ȡ°ϵֽͷ鶼С֣ǹдģ˵µ½ܣ֪ҹůСдλҲǰȥˣš
½ܲɫؽֽˣ΢
ȱľôһᡣ
ţ½ȥ˽ʿϢӣͷ˸ɫƣţҹҢ͵ʳ˵Ǳˮн
˵ҪңһʿðͳǬԪֵҲ
½˵´ҹҪ빦ͳ쾹ڵֵǰܻѰɣ
⡭ҪµȵȣûʲôдˣҸˮɡ
½Ƭ̣ۼɫתǱʿͳ˴°ɡҲģѰһ˵ĺá
ͷأԷæȽſ죬½ȥǬԪʰͳ죡
ɿܳȥһʱ򣬱ͰһˡҼҴҽݣ½ܱʣںδõϢ
½ܻƽȣߵ˵ţ˵ҹůйҵЩͳ졣ôͳĪǲ֪£
ҡȷû˵Ҳ㲻ʲô
˵ʲô½Ժл뺣˵ʹһЩǴ֮˲֪ڵֵϡͿ˰ɡ˷ȫ۹ͳ쵱λǣ᲻㣿
⵹Ҳǡԥ½ܵӡ
½İҵļףЩѰɣٲҪʱˡ
ţҾ½ӵġ
ҵͷ£½ܱҺȻмû죬ȹȥˡȰͳֱӵůǡ
½ܲͬʱ磬ӽƵķȻůȥ
ڸռ˻ʹϾ˳Ȼĵûи˿ϳ˼ĴǼˣһ˾Ʋ˵¡
ͬĸ˰Σǰһ׳һ˵λĸһ˵պÿ˼ӹٽıʿ˺
½йص£ԼֻΪڸ׵Ҫ£ϸ̫ӱٵĲ״ˡ
˽֪ڲ칦ʱΪʱⳡĿģ£ˣ
׿һĶԻš֪ȥˣλگ޷䲼ŵ޷֡λʲôӣ
˻һڳ˷׷׵ͷơץʼûô̧ͷ½ܣǽˣ˿ڵİ취ܻһЩɣ
½ܴžյӳ⣬Ңʲô˿ڣ˽ˣ֪ںʲôԴвѰں޷׾죬ٴ
ɵҪʵЩں֣£ֱɱˡ
ɱǲɱģ°˼˵ȷûʲôںġѲҪѳˣ
Ϊӻ˵ں£ºӴ󡭡ʱҲںѵûǣҵģ
ü˼
ʱűƿվſͷǸôŽӵϢѡ
һ֣׵ɫ̱ˣңǬԪֵأΪְأ
ס˵ů빦
ȷ빦͵ӹ
һʱ½ܺȻ£Ȼͳ춼ˣɡ˷Ҳ벻˽ԡѪս½ĳΪͳʸϯ
׿ֿۣңǿƺһˣɡ
ûΪԤλӣֻĩϯ֮󡣸ûټĻ⣬ǺĳǰʾʲôһͣؿΪĹ
ҹȻǵͨ죬üëš˿˸ɤӵĿյʣ£һʾ¡׶ȱ£ǰγʱδнȻ㣬ɷݽʿѰʱ伢
ٿȻվ𣬴ߵǰЦЦңΪʲôŽܶԱָʹˣ֪ǵ㻨ӣΪһֱͳΪңֻ鷳
⻰Ӻ˵𰡣һӻˣδйٰ֮
޲֮٣޲֮ġӹʹʱּۻ𣬱ˣҵľͲڱɫһһھ͹ȥͳ죬Ͱҳ
㵣վƬ̣һ仰û˵תů
ߺůһ糣ƺδֹ½װģִƬ̣ڿȼȥϢ
뿪ůȥ˽ľһݣʹʣͳôˣһͰԼ˭Ҳ
½ܶ˶٣ǰߵţԷһ䡸ȥͳ죬ҡ
ﰲƬ̣漴һƵģû
½Ŷ룬ûеҲûдӣź˸ϣְ齱ߣӣۿġ
Ǵǰ½ܣ뿪Ըײ˾ȵ֮Сɽˣ󣬻ݼǸʧȥӵĸ׺ֻǳؾ֮£˺ͽܴЩֵˡ
ȥʵ֪ˣ԰ɡ
һƴբţҶ϶ЩӼܵĿ̸࣬ɳǰıʱ£ʱұ㲻⣬ǰΪ򽫾ȥ˼£ֻ֪ӡȴӺڱ£ĸȣ
½ּ֮ܵάǰȡ
һȻ򣺡˵öԣʲôˣ壡˭˲֮£ұ㡭
סԥ½ܶӣ½ӡҲ𣿡
½¶ЦãվͲˡ
ҶʱץֱҡΣֽ㬵ҲˣҲңʰҡΣҴŽ¡ɹҲǣʱǣպҲŹ
½ܵҪ˽ضԭ㣬ֻҪһڡ
ڡ
ô½ֱ̧ӣʱŽһϷ
һҹ½ܿŰҽĸһһ˵߼ǴѾãвӦġЩһͬµģŵ³ɺ½硣
ԽԽĽվԼߣ½ĬĬ㣺Ԯϵ⹥ǣڽӦֻ־ܡ
Щ£˯ˡֲ̫࣬úϢһ˯úܳһֵΡ
̫òμǸԶǰסڰŽСӣʱҹҹᷢ³ǰҲİ
ʱĸ껹ڣƳʱùſϴơ˯ȥɫӱ˺ۣñȥ߳ܵĳ졣
ÿʱ˯ĸ꣬һǰֻ룬ȲѲһҲ֪ôˣԼһѵֱֱŸؿڲȥ
ѪĽȻƬ֮󣬱ûȴͻȻ𣬷½ܰȥקڡ
˴ѪȴӰ층Ƶ½ܶá
꣬޳֮ͽ½ܺӶ
ꣿڽ˭Ѫǣڽңĺúÿô֪ҾǸꣿ㳯˼ĺҲ˵
½û˵ʲôֻǸǣżһ̧ȻӢüĿÿˣĸо¸˲ǻԭ
ǰٰĥʱʱҲƵĸܣǿңЩİ˯˲ᷴ˼׷ʲôֻ˳ǹɿԷմѪĴ
ţؿڲŵ½ܵԸָȴǰ֪ĶһǺܶǰ븴̸תлǰʩӵ裬һµСǺĽֵķ¡
֪ʲôȴŶһ˲˺ܶ¡
ΪʲôĶԷִ֮˲ƣΪʲôԸ£Ϊʲôǰ֮ǣΪʲôԸΪ˸
ôһˡ鰮֡
һ˲Ѫƺڱžˣ͵ص࣬סģ˫ϣ³ģĻ½ܣҪˡԭһֿܵġϧʶ̫ˡ
Ҳ̫ˡ


68 
½Ȼѡ
ڽס ʿ˯šеȼ壬ע⣬ ˸ϴ
ôôΣǰĸ꣬ ʱֻΪⶾԼδͷţ ܵþε֡
εҲ֣ Ͼﻹһ
ֵǣ֮ʸ˵Ļĸܡã һ·ƺʲô
һ̫࣬ ͸궼нľ۰۳һ塣

峿ʱ꣬ƲڱΣδ𡣶һ᷿ İͨ ȴЩҽ顣
Ž ⼸նûнػʹ ݵľݵֻ ˵ݱפ򾩳ǽݱ;ݣ ȥġ
ãһӣ һգ  գ Ԯͻϵ ʱͿ½ˡ
ϹЦ⣬ʣˣȥˣ
˵¸ȾȥͩСˣ½ķӣǶ¥ɾЩĴԼ˶ˣˡ
֣㶣Ҳû˵ʲôֻ¥ðأЩ
Ϊ⣺ʲôСڶһ¾۵˲ɣ
ͩСڰŽСַϣһǰɺһӦƷҲǰͬҴδסˡʱ¥ݿվ¥Եƽ̨Сҩڣذ©һΡ
Ÿˣҩˮŧˮؿڵһѵ̧Ƥ⡣
ڣҹҹ·ûоͷ˼ʹࡣ
ʱͩСγһַ̡
һֱãЩĹ½ܲȫȻ⡣ЩֻȻģҪΪ档
η½ܽذ׵ؿʱڴӶԷп˺⡣
ΪԼɣҲԸնʦĵ¡½ͻ;ֵ
ǵƫ˼硣ľ룬Ī½ФѧӽʣĿˡ
ĻУ磬ǹ⣬Ƭ̵
һ̣ͻȻš
𣬲ɢԶʧȥ밮طĿܣԻΪۻ½ܵǰһݡ
δйǿҵִƺֻҪŬȥʲôܷ
ǰѳεĶʶΨһ¡ȥݳܳװγ꡹֮Ľҩ
ûףǶ仨ҪĴ𰸣ʮһѾ꣬ڲȥ½Ļ
ǡҪôȥأ
Ŷ˶̸ָܵһĵʹ
ڱ١ʱеԼƤⱻһ㣬˵òءŴ齼𣬽ǣʹʱӿǳסûȥ
ʹηܵĸ࣬ʱ½˵ʹ޷Ӧģÿһϵʹʵʵȥ
ʱ½ָȨıƣ壬鰮
仰ôЩӹȥ½ܴõʹһֲ
Сĵתµأҡҡλվ޷ӦʹԿĲȵӡ
ʹҲܣֻĻִ
ذס彣붼ȥˡ⸱ӣû֮ʹתһȦϵĺɻơǵƵĶϸˡ
ֻؼǵãǰյơ½ܡ
ܿȴ©һ
˱ۣĬãǶ򴰱ߡ
ֻ¥˿أԼû뵽ס˾ʹǽȫʱ׷´̨񡭡
ϵĲϽһ˩ڣһץ˼̧Ҫϴ̨ôһδϵ˿ڴһѪȾ˱
ҧҧڶ
һʹҪûִɽʣһ˿֧⣬ӵʪǽڡ
ȻĲԽԽ飬;żһҡεӽ˦ǽϣصײ˼Ӳשʯ
ʹһ˲ȫץӵɿűһ
ɸߵĵطˤڵϡ
ϸı˺죬һƬݴԣû˹ͷ½ܡͷ˰ٱ飬ĥЩ
ǣһ̫ʱԶͽŲ

شӺŽˮɫ񣬶λϵ˵ּѴӽų
֮Ŀϲһ仨ֱһֻظ꣬ûۣҲûлӦ
ķӦϰΪǻǳɳģȻĻҪ
һҰһŴƣ̧Ƥ״󲽽ݣǹЦһΣģ
Ҳ˸Цһߡ
ǲ˵׸ⲽǰ½ܸ֧˸У˵Ҫʲô˾ͷҪںĶвȡţ߶ųƺҲûʲôĶ
ֻ½ܵʱεͫ׽һ¡
ϸеġͻȻˣϣ
ӳѸεֽӰһ𡣽ţһͷ˱˫ֱƽݣ˫мվȣ˼š°ͣ븵ζӡ
ξ°ͼڵϣףҪʲôǿĸף
֪ļϵ̫ӱ½ͱٶ൶ھʣһšûǲ״ǿϧҾһƽķ羰
һ̧֣һӺԥس½һӳֵǰǸΪȥ̵ģѧ˵Ƥëһֱӻؿڡ
ѪĿ챻ţֻܷʹʡλƴȴ벻ӣ㡭ſôЩ꣬ı涼㣬ӣôԶĸס
ģұ߱߱ĸ㻹ǲ˵ںδҾֻͱٶ൶ѪǺˡ
ûȵӦһȥֻ˰̣ĿȫǣѪעȡвҡ
Ǻϼ䣬㽥˵һĳĬͻȻ󺰣Ϻţ
һݵЦݽڸڰ֣ӵ˵һơȽֱ˵ڵء
ߣ״ӳݷҧȥ԰ѲϺ
һѸ뿪֮󣬲ͷ½ܺͰұݡһΣ½üͷ΢ȥ鿴״¸ɰ
ԼĸסҺ޺޵
½ɫƽѪصļ򵥰һ£ȥҴﾪδĸΣʣºͼ˵ʲô
ݴͣ޸Ϻ
һͼˣϺ󣬿ô֣ȫһòһաҵּ͸ˣʱѸ£Ԯδϵ½ӣô찡
½ûⷬ룬ʣôϺô
Ϻڡ
ҿЦãô˵ԶĵطϺûţȻȥ
ֻ½üͷѹ¾¼ϺҲ߳ŭԱ¶֡
½ԼǡǺã
ۼǶԱ¶ֻǽگǻɹ½ܻߵǰͳ죬ְɡ
һˣǣ֮ǰ˵ԮϵôҹֻȰһֽ죬֪бʿʱӣͷԮ·ϣҪ𣿡
˹Ҳ¡
ĵϣۿ쿴˴½ֻʾһͬ뿪ͳнһӵȥлüлɣ˴ɺˡ
ȥҢ͡½ţˮſʱ޶ǰһżϰһţǰһŻʪʯʺ졣
һΣ찡
½ܲ԰׵ǹһĨЦ

ŽС⣬겻һѿ˿ڣײײȥһŵشΣڰľ֮󣬲֪ĻΪǷģϲ˰ء
ˣ½ܶԶϤ˿١ڱ׷ȵʱżִ
һ·˺˸˴Ҫȥ½ҽҩϵĶѵٲͳŲסˣģ˸űǣҾߣ
·ûҿ˿ߵȥ
ƽһҲ򲻹ôҢõˣοǻˡĿܶɱˣͭƽ¶Էĵǹꪣ
ǣ˿ڣžʹмܶԷƣֱ۴ȿ˼˵ˣѪʧԹִزϵ£ӱˮģмѰſڵλá
ֳЩע󣬼׷Ǵֳֳ-ǹǹֱֱָŸꡣΣ˼һ
ǼǹʱȻʹȫƵԼˣͭƼĶŹظ߹㣬ɱң
˵ţ͵Էȥ
ַķʽʮֵ꣬Է޷ͭƵĹƣͨӦ԰취Ƿܼǹ⣬Ƴǹϣп˲
ˣʣĽⷨǳ㿪
һó϶ֱӴϣӽ뿪˩żƥץˡ
ڵʯ뵽ļƲߣΪȱԷȻðա˭ǰνеļƣʲôɱģ
½˵ֻ֣˲ǰΪãµ㻹᲻ɱ㣿
žʯϣؽҴססɹ޷ջأĽƴһƣֱֱ͵׷ǹС
꿴Լ˿ڵ建£-ǹ-̴¡ʹȣвӿʺ졣
ŲѪζҲо˴ʹΨһ۵ĵطĿڡ
ǰľ󽥽ģֻʣҵɫ飬·ǧ籾ãӵеʵҲá
浹ڵϣֻʣĻبŵĺڣԭĵ汻Ѫȡ룬Ҫҹ˰ɡ
Դһֱ²½ܵжҪֵزܻ⡣½Ҫ
Ͼǰٶ಻ǣҲδ½ܶɱġ
ֱղŷ֣µԼΪĸࡣ
½˼ɣ߰Ⱦαӣªۻ࣬¼Ķ·ϣõС
ԶԶһ½ܣĸ½ܵѧõôĹذȴԲ֪㣬𾴵£޳
½ܰ½ܣʲôҲ䣿
ˮĴ֮£ͨ¶ȽˣֻʣǸȻ̡˴ʹȻʻң޼ɵسͷżˡ
껺Ŀӿʹб˺顣

ǧٴΣʮ˲һ飬á
л˵
4


69 
һյ֮ ҹյɫȴûʲôֱ𣬷·ڰıɫ֮м˵ˣ ڵİӣ ܼˮһƬ硣
½ܹ˺صĶ̤꼲У뼡ǣ ÿһҪõԽԽ࣬ ԭԳֵҲܿƵҡΡ
΢ã֮ȼʲô
Ҳһգ»庣̡ǵȲһյģ ⳡƽϢ ͻ·ߡֻϣڵ֮ǰ߼
ụ̂ʡһһŵˣһһ
½ܱ˱ۣ ˿ѹ䳤ޡܶǰ ڶ鷿㸵飬Сˡ֪䲻ɶΪ֮һ䣬 תͷҴ䣬 ֪޷ʵֵ£ ΪʲôҪȥ
½ܱ𣬶⺢Ӳ⵴˫ ȴһЩľ پ̣ Ŀڵ֪޷ʵֵ£ 겻Ļ Ͳˡ
С죬 ȻЦ˵ǰʥ˵Ļ½ҡ
ʱδϵһʱնʥ˵Ļ
½̾Ϣһ촽ˮ⽫ǸԸ˸ϳԺʱߵ⣬ǰӭӵڵȥҺټڡ
һ֮Ңϰ˾ԺУ½ܽ˹о˵ΣӦٹȥæοڶ
½̫Σ
ʱӹһΣץ˼ˡǡûҪްģֻδѡ
ǰǴˡסüˣֻҪһ̲赣ġ
ĽӻмЩƣǿ̫ӣ½빬ȥɡ
½ܳĿɨˣںϣСڶ϶ҽģñøˡηˣӵĲعܣ빬
֮ڣûʲôǱ뱣ġֻҪԼţ˭
Ը࣬ڶ˵ʮּޣź˳µؽ
ôѪΪľԼȥһҢõص˱ȥɾΣȥ
ءĵ͵ͻţġ
½ܴȥͬʱԸһǿ׳ڣޡͩ͡á
һڣһȡ⻹½̹ܽģڼ˵֪˿̵״
һ뿪ǬԪѰҰҡȻŵǬԪ⣬Ϳ㳡˼ıʿÿȴֱ˴μǰǬԪŴֳɣӵ۵ضţüˣᶯһѡ
ڲԶ£½ҵ˰ңüʵôˣ
ҿɥץֱۣ˰Ϣ͸¶˼Ը߹ٺ»Ѳ˹ȥҺ˵Ԯ쵽ˣǲšǰѸµıʿˣ͵ÿأ½ӣǺð
ʱ׵̺ȻǬԪ°͢ΧһȦ½ܽȥδѸٵƲܲ֡ԮӦѲԶֻҪŵ빬׾޷֮
½òƶʵԼ಻֪ԮжԶصϢǰ㣬ɲһʱܾ֮
ԣܺͰһȥ뷨ӡ
½ܻصȥ˼ԼͬУԸȥ˻ʵۣ
еޡͩ͡ʣȥģ
ǬԪ½ܵ

ⳡƺԶͣлԣֱˮѣҲ֪˯˶áԼڸɾĴϣů͵úܡ
һ赹ǰļͻȻӿ룬ʱǰһڣʶӣȴƤһʹ
Ϊʲôء
½ϣ
ʱഫ춯¯еҩһ룬ϣҩҶ
ץֱۣҵ½ȥˣ뿪ҪȥݣֻҲΪ½ҩ
½ǰһƴȥˡ³ɣպ󻹵̫ӵҪٶ͵ʵʵһš
ʲô½Ҫ˭ƴۿ죬УҪȥ㣬Ҳܿȥ
ͷûƭ㣬½Ը̫Ӳ֣Ǿɱˡ
ʲôԼ㣬һ㱾㣬벻ɱ
С£ɵˡĿԷ񣬱㻺ţҪǻȥҴҩ࡭
ˮƺƽɢȴδָڴеĹԭһգʱѽƻ裬ֻݵؼЩչ⣬ְܿˡ
Ľϴһȥȡ࣬Ҫظס᷿·ʱȴһӡſڲԶֱֳ׼мһײײĸꡣ
εĸȻ֮ǰö֣࣬ܶǿͰ͵ؿ˷ȥǼģ̫ӣҲ׷ײ֪룬ȴûһջض׼ı
ľһǵĶţͻȻڣˡ
ջرӭϸĿ⣬Ҫ˭ҲסȲ
ҡ
ֻΪһˡ
ǬԪŹ㳡ϵĶڼȻʧȥģﵽ¿ꡣʱΪѽϺˣδʲô
ϺûоȥѱǸʵӣܲصȥ׵ˣȶԸȺͽȥȰлˣ
йлѱȰǲ
ţɡȶĲʻȻź񿴼½ˡ
½ڶ̫ô
һǣô£½ˣڶһ
֮£ѵȫֱʣ
䣬ΪӦȥ飡
ӺΪ˵½ܰҢô˴롣ڳҵһڣ½ܱʼδ
˲ˣ׵ȭͷ߬죬½Ҫ¡ٴˣڻʹѰټ
ǡˣҪĻģ
׵ǹһĨݵЦ½ܣӡȻҪġ

һ뿪ѡʹӵšҢȴҲ˰˺۵ϼǰС
ʵĵĻûȥڵ֪½ҪʱҲҡܿ׹Ҫ½ԭعںõϣ½ܵĸ顣
Ȼǰ㣬ʻҵذ½ܣʽƵʧ
ȻţҪΪ׳һС
ԣ֪˴ɸ׿ƵĽض׶༪٣Ҳۿ½ΣѶˡ
곯ǬԪķȥĴܣɽֵûʲôˣֱӻ̵һ·
Ȼʪĳ׺󣬾Ǿͷһ֧ʮ˵Ķ飬ǽ·ű갵вãȴԷȻע⵽ǰһƣ㽫ڵء
ⲻ̫ӵôô⸱ӣ
˻һʮ˷׷˸꣬ģ֮֮߰ʵᡣ
Ȼ˵̫Ӵʱڶôѵ͵ܳģץ£Ǵһ
һקһѣʲôǵ£ȥǬԪץ½ܣⵢ飬ô죿
ͫȻ
ʲô²ǻһӹȥôǶжʮˣץסһ½ܣģ̫ӣֳǵ
˷׷׵ͷ£
ڣ¼У۵졣ЩֱƽƽӲӲʹɾ
ܿ죬й滮˽ʮȫŵİ취ϲһ£Ǹͱһ£ֻܽڵȻˡ
Ȼһһӡ˵һҲҪȥץ½ܣһӹȥΪʱ
ӷ϶ԶĻƺһĨϤɫӰͷһۣ󽥽Զȥͷ͵ؾסҧأֻһ˲˾ģͻȻӵӭȺ˳ȥ
ˣ
죡ס
ɱ
ˮͷ鷢ϣǰĶѸçײײϵǰĵǹѡƤⱻųϵ˿ѳѪˮ˫¡
ʹ֮Уǿһ˿ԽжֺͻȻתɴؽ¸̨
˺ѵ˴ҲȲأϵסĿڵļˣԼڵǰʧѪࡣ
ǰ󷢺ڣ֮䣬ӶǺĺ͹Ļ
ʲôɱģ½˵ֻ֣˲
½Ը̫Ӳ֣Ǿɱˡ
ԭϵʹܻʹֻһ𣬴ݻһִ֮˵΢ãϣ
ЦվֱƵӭĽ
ĺԴؾˡ
л˵
֪䲻ɶΪ֪֮޷ʵ֣ΪǸ£Ҫȥ
7㻹һ


70 
ȫˣ ½ܴ뿪ǬԪŹ㳡ƵǬԪšһ·ΣҹɫֱܿӽǬԪ Ҳٶ㣬 ʱſڵֻǼˣԶҢ֮£ 㽫˸ɾ
֮ѡţ ΪεĿǻʵ޹ոҹҹ˯Żʵ񫣬ȴû㹻ְءҢ˽ŵˣ ױ޹
óޡͩ͡ ⶫͩͲ޹ҢƵĶҩɫζʽ״Ϳǽϣ дϼʱ𽥻ԣ ֱ
½ָ˽ͩ͡ˢ޹ĵǽϣֻҪ׽˯ һҹɡͷҳʲô ֻҪһ ʣµľСˡ
һմһ·½ܾԼͨ  ڴЪϢȻ䣬 ⴫ҵĽŲ ˴󺰣ӿţ 
׷Ǵ󾪡
½һ ˴תͷ˵ϡͩ͡ߡ
ǷӦܿ죬Ͱͩ͡ߣȴûüܳӣһӽƴ롣Էǳ½ģ־Ҫץߵڽ˼Уʱס
ʱ½ȻȣжΣǿſڵţ뿪
ǡĹҲе¡Է̫࣬пܴ򲻹ֱߣǼߵѣûǸװԸš
γ룬ӵһߣڻ½ԣ¶ԷĽͬʱһſƶĿֻ½ܣһ˶ӹصġ
ӽſʱ½ͷ󺰣ʱײϣܵһܣ
šһֹһû˵ȥ
˵Ҳ֪öĵǹͱ¾©ˣǿܵʱ䲢û١
ȴǵͻȻߵƳ⣬δ֮ʱѸٹš
աһס
Ƭ̣ȷӦǷλڣקһ˵ӣԼǣҿܣ

˺ѷεغ͵˵ϣƴͼ֮˹ȥߣ޵ıͲӲ»ţôǻɱץ͸ĥСΣ½ǵ츸ĸۿ𣿣
ڴƺߣСεڵߣͩ͡ѾͿˣЩǹһʰ䷿ͻáȼ˯һҹ󻼿ɳ
ʲôҲȥǰײ
ұǽ֮ˡ
ﴫ͵͵Ļ˶ʱĬ
ĪҪˣ½ܵҢøþ¡
˫һǰʡ˶Ƭ̣ھߡ

ڣ½һִĽ΢
ȭغò΢ӡ
ɡ

ǬԪ⣬һȳһյſڣȴǡϴܳҢڡ˼ײȥ㳶˸˾ʣ½أأ𣿡
˵ûʲôˣԡ꼱ҪԼﴳСͻȻڣٵȵȡ
ûоˣ°ɡ
˵ʲô
ɫ䣬Ѱ߲òӣʣʲôɫˡȲԷشתͷ塣
ڷ쵽ʱڵأ޹ſڡ
Ŵ򲻿ﵫһƬž
½
ӿĿ־ͷǰĻǰڹԡǰصľûǻǸ忡ˣ԰׵Ѱһ˿Ѫɫ
ƺһһεʧȥԺеĻȴ˴ǹ⣬Լԭδõ
ģ벻ͨ벻ΨһȷŵģҪ¡
׷ڣ˵ûȥͷ
ҡҲȥ
ŲƲ׷һ·ϵʱǡñƿ죬Ŵ˵￴
޹Ŷʮˣһ۱ҵſڵ½ܣһ˫۽գֹ
ֻ½һˣǳɫҴѪ˿ڱ鲼ȫ嵭Ѫɫԭ续üۼ䣬ͿŴƬĿࡣ
﷢ʲôϸ롣
衣
ֻǰһֱֱӴ˽ȥԹϹϣˤڵϡҳʹֽŲò䵽½ߣ̽ıϢ
½ҵ½ţ
ƺԼۣ˲²Ž˱ڻУȴҪȥģ
סŲҢǲű½ĵĽ
ӦҪɣֵó˼չ겢δͷΪҳ⸱ӡžʹΪ˱𣿡
Ƭ̵ľĬ󣬸ٶᲽͷҪ׷ֹ̧ס
һʱǰʰˡȼ
걧Ż˳ǬԪԼΪڱˮ;УǬԪŷӲѣõԤУϾȥܣֱ̫ҽԺ
ҳ̫ҽԺоҵҵֵص̫ҽԱһ꽫˰ڴϣҲҪƤˣȿ
̫ҽֻȸ½֮ܰҡҡͷɶ裬¶߳˵Ѫʧ޵ֵ֮⻹ôȣ
̫꣬ӵ»ȴˣˣΪλ˲ٰ°ɡ
ʲô£ʲô˼кΪҽ߲ȥˣҪȥˣ
Ϸ޲ø̫ҽȭȴֻƿΪ˿ڵ̴ӣ͵վ
Ŵ˿Ϊʹ˻һҧסȥϵˡ
̫ҽεһˣ췦¼㲻ϣҲȲ
һ֮ǰ뿪ʱҲ͸һ䡸Ȳ
Σ
걧ŻԵٶ߽ޱҹɫС½µľǶ˵Ӷɣô˲ζӦȥ
̫Զˣ½ֲܼݡһԵģǳ
ͷ㳡ˣţĳʮڶšżȻǱ߿һۣȴϵΣʱһȺҢõ˻š
ԷǼ͢ѱһһİ״
ԭô֮ҪŤͷȥȴκȻƿΧˣҪƵĳ˹ȥ
һ֮Ȼ˫֮ת˼أ֪˭֣ڵķűߡ
꣡ߣغˣ
ƺδ˻ߵĺС
Ϊˣǲġ
ͷǸª۵İЦһ
ǾͱƱνһȨȻ󱻸׵׷ɱӴ˶ءգ
ЩԼǷεģҲǷ˴ġΨһҪˣʱ˯
ˣԸڳһŽǸ˸̨
ߵĵط£ټʵҲѡõİ취Щˡ
Ȼڴеûе̨֮⴫ǳƵһűǸηŭĴ𣺡꣬Фӣ
ǹΪ̫ӾȻҪ̫ӣ
겻ٴʲôʵʲôĿᲽȥ


71 
ֱȥ δû˶࿴һۡ˶ֻǱ¸̨
̨֮£ǡôһӽǱȥ̽ԮϢģ 콵ĳҼ ڵͬʱһ˹ȥ ס
ǽ챻ҵڵأ ȡõһ˴ȥһ߷Ըˣ̰ѻͿϣ ȥ
һ˹㳡 Ң벿ֽһ𣬴ǰĹ͢ϣȥڻʵǰߵ׵ﳼЯʿ 
ζã Цıƹ̬ⷬ ĺ֮ˣ ޻ô
빬Ϊ ȫı֮ģ죡̧ͷӣ £ һֽС꡹Ķҩô
ң ĸԸΪ£

һǱش볤 ľǰ졣ש̵· 滨ݺӣ ɳŴƬҶӡ
ֻһںüƣԤŽϳȥ
æɳɽ̵ĶһҰ£Ⱦߣ
ҳǱֻһ˷Ըʲô˶ͣҽݣھ͡˵һ룬ϳԷˣ½ܣ
첽Ҹӹ˯ˣϡԼȰֽͷһͬ࿴½ܵ۶ڱǰһȦüͷ
һԽ겻ѣ˺ѵ˿ʹȭҧѹƣϡ
Ƭ֮ɳˣ̻Ի͵Ĵյʣôеġ꡹ѹʲô⼸£
Ңõ븴ùƳڡҩݳģ׼ǳ׽ⶾҴ˻ûɣҪʱĽҩȻһŲʣˡ
ͷİûڡ֪ϵ½ܻעһѡ
ɳ˼Ƭ̣ӷԸ䣬Ǳȡ½ʩɳԸ½ΪģǱñ𡣿˳Ļҩ³Ļ㲻ˡ
ʹԵĶأҷס³ʱδ꡹ɡ
½ܵʮաﵽݣˡ
ֻǣ֪δô
Ų԰Ͻյ˫ۣ򢾫ϸ˫һڵأϵסԷһָ
ҴԼѾ֪ˡ
ʹеĻսҹʱʹܵΪˣɵҲҲǿתأɵǸϵţ֪жôǿ
ܱܱܱµפһˣ㹻ʹһˣ
Ϊţǽ빬һվͷȣԮҲô쵽οһֱ½ܵļ֮¡½ܣͽ
ʱ̣ơΪ˳ӦʱƣȫȻͬ£Ⱦܡ
ȻδڻʹеĲΪҴӲֻûͷӬƵײײ˽֮ŲǬԪš
ΪǬԪľ󾪴ˡȻƽϢŸɫıʿΧһȦǹָм䡣ȦͶЩ͹͢ʱ۳һŵڵϡ
⸱Ϊףȥ
Ť͵ǰȺ鼤ߡ˸ҵ˰ѽ˺ţͱ
ҳΪûжһͳ죬˵ô۸ǵԮٹǣñˣ
󣬰һνȴݸĳҢڣһһӳݷҧ٣һҲ١
㳡ϵѾƷȻʣڣ
أߵĻʵ
˲ʶûϽһõĻشǡʱӦǬԪޡ
ͷҳ˯ţҺܱǴǬԪ޵һƬžƽϣɫ糣һ
һһĺûûˣ
˴ûôģѵǷ
ܣô
ȴͷҡ˵ˣֳһѳŤײײس޵
ſĳܱҪȥȴҳһڰ
ƺóӣϸһۣһץˡ
һһǰڴĿʱȴͻȻнֱֱ̳ƿ׵ţ
˾סδͣ£ƵڸظʮѪŽȾ
ȷӦʾסɲǶ˶֣ȴһͱԼĿڡ
ǰŵıʿһ˱һѪڵأΪ˫Ȳ֧ţܿƵɣһּΪǱ̬ѪС
¡檣л
૱ڸǡ
ⳡҾƽϢˡʵҪƺ֮£ȴ˭Ҳ֪̫ӵ١ͬʱҢѰǵδ˫ͬʱʡ
һֵصıʿ̫ӵ˵òᣬŻԵ½Ҫȥˡ
ʲô̫ʱƺûǾ䡸˵ò᡹ܻȥˣ
ǽګګ̫ӵ˵ˡ

ҵҹæŴеıʣΪԼѰҰȫһע⵽һ۵ҪԼɢƵģⱼȥ
˾ݣһ·ϣͣشݸݽڡ
·ǸݳˡէһͷˣݲŷִʮӢֻͲеȻ
Ҳ֪ʲôüë£Ǳ⸱ҲЪЪ
Ĩ˰ϵĺˮϺݺݳһޡȷûôЪÿֻ˯һʱڴԼ˴ʱ͸ûˡ
ʱʵ̲סһֳֻӣ͵۳ˡɢľӰؿţƺֻ˯ˣͣͻ֣ǰһһ꡹
һ֣Ҵ¡
Ǵǰ½һͬ˳һ͸ϳģԼİ֮һ鲻ԽؽԷڻУ鲻ԽĶͷǡ
һЩ£ôˡ
Ǳ˸ϳֻڳס
ҹ̣ʱ䣬ŵﳤڵɽ¡½ܵɫȻ׵ï}ˣȻɽһ·һδһͰˮͷ£۵죬ǿŲɣȥˡ
ɽҪգ긺صɽò׳ϵ˿ٴ˺ѣѪ·ѣʹ֮²ҲˡԲʱѸе˵š
ǵȥģػƻŻǱѪܵŵæɳ˳
Ҽǵøǡʮһʱ򣬾þˣɳ
ɳΪⶾ꼸̲ȥͨʹܿƵعڵأǽԵĶ飬ݾͻѲٲʱգ¡
״ΣɳȴЩӹȥԸΪ׳飿ڲУ˳ٲܸûƻĻش𣬱һͨԼΣˡԼ
Ȳ𣡡꽫˻ڻȥǰ㿴ܳŶãҴˣǱңֻҪһҾܻһΣֱҼȻˣͲ
쿴½ܵ״Ĭã̧ͷʣǶˣɻ鼸ˣ
شһڸϣѪĿûгɻ顣ⶼţġ
ɳζӢˣôᣬΪպ󲻿ɹΪҪΪһɵˣԼδʮȫĿܣ
ҡ
ػشңȥǶ仨˵ɡɳٹֻտ½ܣ³ɣҾ飬¶ιʱʬãˣ
ҪңҲҪνġϣˡ
л˵
һ4


72 
ϴһ̤ϳأ ιƻĻ꣬һס
´򶯲 Ժʲ ƻ£㲻ˣ Ըģ
ĬƬ̣ Էת꣬ڻؾȥ ܼ̫ӣ պ֮־ҪҵǧţڻͷЩġʱ ȫ½ˣ Ҫ٣޲˳㡢Ľ㡣
㶼ûζ 㻹ʮӣ Ҫһ翵ִô
ɬ Щйδ룬Ϊ˵ġ
ƻŵҪΪȥ ֵδ㶯ģ Ϊõ ֻǷ곡Ϸ 㵱ߺӡ㾡 ô࣬ Ǻ޲ɱ㡪ǰǿҪûˣǷôôҪ
֪⻨ôͨԣ־絶һ㻮ϡڱ˾Ϯ֮£ǿųһ˿ǣǵԼϴαƻʱ˵ԼԸȥ½ܣΪǷ
ʱ겻ΪɲˣֻõĴ޴ǳ
ܹʧģ˵аֻǻûôգô裬ô߻ħ
꣬ڻ˵óһɵô
Ϊ֮׳һУҪɣԥ
仰һԺУƻͻȻ˵ؿڣһ½󣬻λáͬʱһɾʹϮڴϾȡʲôǿҵĸܼȥ
ǡɹˡ
ˣ仨ֻȷ赽ҩɾ֮ˡ
ʹǰ޶˸ڶʱĻ档ҢǹʱأĮظ½ɱ
ʹļʹ࣬еڵ֫ƺѲԼģʶҲϡ
ţԺеĻе˶η̼ϣ½һͱؿڣϵĺת˲ţָ߳ĮƵתȥ
Ǹ֮ˣȷɱİ
µأܽ߾ȥϱߵԭ£
涨½뿪ıӰϣؿڵʹغϣĿͷηĳӡԺ
棬һĽ֡
пǧ˫⶯ŵ־䣺ҵġ
Ǹ
ꡭˡ

¶ƻ³¶ûˡ
ǽ⿪Ѩ¶ι£Ȼɽ
ûţ·һ֫ȫ˴ͻȻѣעѪʹһô򣬶ǵϯҧ֣ȴ֪ԼԶˡ
ڳױʹû֮ǰʣ͵ƤһǸɫӰ
úԶȴƿ飬ƽͣƺһ˲ͻǸŵľӣǸָ㽭ɽ½̫
ʬ̳ɵţԽǵһ̹;
ٱʱ濪ʼˡָ飬ǰİŰ̫꣬󶨸½ܳ죬ǵĵһμ档
죬Լδÿˣ֪ܵؿò½ֻ㶣ûʲôرĻӦ
걾ͲҪӦֻһۣ͹ˡ
ֻе֮꣬ʱſһʲô衣
㻹ǶҺõġ
ţǲԺеĻ滻Ϊ
ĩչڳеȫʹһ˲ʧˡǳǸӣĵաʲôʧˡ
棬һע⡣
л졭ҵԡ
ҵһС׸㡣
岼˿ںѪ鱻ȥˣ۽Ǵ£ȴһЦ
Цŵġ

ʶһŽǰ½룬ӲҲ֪ǴӺζĳʲôƵġ
ģƻˣ
ɳҪ˳
ôôᡭСӻû͸𣿣
飡
ž
춯һ𣬸ͷҪըˡŻ˳ͣʱȴ޷ԿصԽϵԽ·һ̾Ҫ顣
ƻҧʳǷʲô裿ѵ˲ġ
㿴ĻꡪǺɫģ
ôᡭ
ʹ֮޷ǵĻֻƬĺ컨ǰըɫȴϴεİࡣԼ컨ջģͣ˷
δδԹŭĻΪȥһƻ塭
ˡˣһǣҪˣ
ҲҪˣҲҪҪ㣡
תУԺĺ컨תƵϣӽŪһٴϹ˫ۣͷ֫ǴƬ꣬ſĹͷ죬Ľһʬһ㣬֫ѳɿ顣
꾭˼µʹʹ֪ͬˡ
¡
ž
Ǻ컨˵Ļ鱻컨ǹѹֻƻһھˡǴ˳
Ҫɽӣɽ
ˡǲô
û컨ˣȥǸģ
ɫԶʧȥУ̨ޡ
飡
۵
¡¡

ԻϴÿɽԣͰѼҰɽ¡ڲǹͷ¡һ죬æŲ鿴
ֻɽ֮ѳɷ档
ͷôƯءˣǶͨˣ϶¡
ϴţǹɽתưգżֻʱȴɽŵϪߣ֪ʱ˸Ѫˡ
ѪҲ֪ģûԵ˿ڣƤ⻬ųһ㣬ֻѱ˺áڵУȻ֫ڣӺϴȻϵˣ޷վ
ÿһ£εݶŤ޷ƵطƺߣƺΪʹࡣ
ϴվһԿһеĹ켣ŤŤײʯ飬мμϪˮɴ˶϶Ǵ˫ʵϹġ
ιϴסһԷȴûκλӦ
ֻ֪Ե๷˾ȫȻ֪ܣǴ̤ȥצӢϣ˺һĿѪۡ
Ϲϴ˰ѺҺ๷ҹﲶʳȻ˻ý⡣
ϴܹܣٰ˴ȥҽݣתһ룬ˣ˳᲻йϵСľɽ̵ĵˡ
ϴջǾãѰǲˣŵİˣԻȥˡ
ļգϴûˡ
ֱĳ꽻ӵҹлһġˡʮˡ
ϴ-ǹУҵԼҷԱߵɽƽ룬嶴ȴסˡ
ǰЩǰˣʱ˲˿ڣѪһءĹؽкתܹվվŤŤʱҪſһ
Ǳȴݽȭͷǽڣһ½һ£ѪҲͣ
վסᵹڵأȴӲҪֱͦӼǽϴƵ濴飬üڱǹŤһţȻ־ѣкţ½
л˵
ʹŰǰҲжܸһУŰ¡
һ7㣬һ


73 
ѪĹƺǽڵ˵ˣ һȭȭݺҹȥϧһеعƺǽϿʲôɲ֮ʵֻһϵǽڡ
ϴ裬 ǹ׼ģ ǹ
ԷȴȫδţٻӶȭͷ ǽײ ͷ¾ͱƣѪע¡
Ҫʬ̤ȥҲ
ϴü ǹ ȴԷͻȻתһȭǰ
˭˺½Ҹƴˣȥɣ
飡
ϴϺһƣԭֻ뽫סûϵԷ˲һ ֱӾ̱ڵء
ι Сӣϴߵϵһ磬ͻȥˣ
ŵˡϹַ衢ֻʣһŵĲзϣ ϴһڣ ֵؽϳɽ
ðһﴦ ɲ鷳


ϸܵĻ÷գ˰ס½ǰһʵ׭ǳ ֻ빬ʱ ŻڳһƷĹơ
߳ ų ɫһ嵭ӻǷԼϳ ʵһ꣬ ЩӸ̿ɣ
½ܽŲһ٣ء
ǣͣƬ̣컹ڳ̿ģǰֻ½һҡ
ǿϳվԭءܶǰ½߷̣ؽ½԰ǰϰߣȴʱ˲һˡ
ηֶ̿ضҪõµġ
½Ŀţȷ⡣Դ˺޷ӦÿѰһһµ
С꡹Ķγµһкۼڲİ̺ۡ
΢΢üֹסޱ˼ȥ·ߵĵ׷׿ţС̯ƵĳƮṲ̊δɵĵĴ󣬾Ƿɡ
ǰͬģҲǵѲĽˡ⵹֣Ͼֻԭһ룬վӵһʧˡ
һֱʱ־вٰվԭأþĽӣлšӡ½̫
ȻʶӣϾԼǸԶ½ˡ
ˣûϰһ㡣
δüӷ£˼ΧȺ嵽½׷ܣеʫᣬݰ٣мСصԶֻΪһķɡ
Լ˵ƢԣŻᶼĶԽǿԽȥ³ߣ½̫п棿
δһΣϵȴ̧ʾ⻳ÿǶ˵ҲǰֻҪ빬£óɣб㲻ھˡҹٸԼɡ
ӼʻʹһòԣƺˣƺʲôҲû䡣귢һŲ֪Ȼ޴Ʋ⡣
˹;˶½ĳݱϹϾ½ܻ˻ʵشڹůΣǬԪ
˻ʵة⣬м˾ĹԱǴӹģ糯û뿪ʼڹ¡
̫Ӽֻлȫةƿءǰļ̫ްţصةϡ
½ϴԩָ̫֮λȴδõκʵȨ˾˾ûΣֻӽ顣
ϾΪµģֵ֮Ρ
սΪݵ¡ʵֻ˵һ䣬㿴ةʾֿλ֮ˡ
ʯε˾˾ǰһֱתû˾ɹһ졣λϣ޷ةټʵ۱Ĭˡ
½ܲǣةԼһ̯¶ܲ쵽˾Ҫʲô
ʯԴ߽޴׳˴ĹϵиĹۡݹٸӴ˴ıʿ֪ݣ̫ڱ߾ʱ޽·׷ãءóײϡ
ˣĺԽԽߣ˴˻ˣϣݲУҲ˻źš
˾齨ʹţǰ߾ո֮¡˷³ɣѿеĹͷطһһ䣡
½һüոǺ£˵ıܲ
ة£ʹ½̫Ϊף̫ڱ߾¶꣬룬ŷ
½̫ĪҪƴǣԲͷ̫ʯ˾ȥˡ
½ʯ˾˵˵ո֮Ҫȥ
ʯưдʣ˴ٴ˴ѣǽظҪ˶ϲܾ
˴Ϊ֮Ͷ벻ٱǮոʱҪպûͷֻˣ
һţһ߲Ȼ½̫ɫԡǱµüۣȴƽһ˪졣
ʾʯ죬ȴ½³Ӳ˵ĻԸ˴Ϊ˴˲ֵҪոݣ˴
һεнⲢӰ齨ʹŵľȻ½ϣʹżճϲеʫˡ
˳ǬԪȴʮվſڣŸʲô۰Ͱ͵
ҷ׷ǰһʣµôŽ˵һЪˣڽȥ
Ӹͷ½ģߵС̫˵ĳݽˡ

½ܳʱӱǰ˸ľͷС⣬Ҹõľ͸㣡
¿˴ôˣ
һأò棿
½ΣֻеĻعһקβͻǰܣȷѰʮ꺢ͯľɡȤˡר̵ңֻΪ˸ҿ
𣿡Сգۣ޹
½̾ϢʵӸͿϵģʱøûˣΪ˴ҸӰˡǻ滹Сֻ֪⺢Ӵϻۣ⣻ʱֳ˼׵Ļӡ
˭֪ӵ֪⺢ӵĴϻ۶ϣϰιһŲ½ܵǿɿҵ֮󣬾Ͳ֪㵽Ĺĵȥˡ
һ죬ղõƪ£дô½ʡ
һᵽ£ͱ죬ûд˵콻
ǡˣνд꣬Щǯӣÿҵȥ
ʵ½˵ǡٲдҾͲˡڵףĻһԼĺǼ˺
͵ſڣ˳ظȫڡǸʯǬԪĻȥ鷿ֽĥһǳɣɾһƪԴϬ£䷴ʯۡ
дûӲۺֽȥľУȴˣͷһдõɢء
½ܸʰޣ⿴ǰ֡ľ棬ǰݻʱʱÿƪĶͬһˡ
ǿբţֻӿļ䡣½ᰴͷǰαʵ¹Ŀ
ǰ½ݵһջϳĺʧˣͨ˺Ҳһҹ֮䣬ƺȫȻˡ
Ŵʼ֪֮ǰ챻˴ջ˴ָһµķǮٴ£ջϰ֪֮٣ֻ˵ó췴ʧܱɱ
½״ʣ̫Ӽô
̫ӣŶԣǳˡ
½һֶ˼䣬֪̫ްź󣬾׷ֲɥٰ˼λȻ̫ӡ
޶̮ĳȥ̫ӣԼϱγġ꡹½ܴԼµһЩ¡
л˵
һheܻᶯģ᳡Ļ绹ڼգٰѹ
10㻹һ


74 
½ܲµԭίʱ δʲôоǰÿθΪˣûʲôرĸо˵Ķ˵ˣ ǶԷԼ¡
Ū屾ĩ շת˵ʱһλɳԷһָڴϣ ʡ· Ϳǰ·ˡ
½򴽣֮󣬵͵˾䣺𣿡
ģɳЦ 㲢ںǻ ô
½סȷôںȴһʱ޴롣ҹصסͷ꣬ 񡭡ŽСĵһҹꡭ
õӿԺ ½ܽƣ޷ȥ۽üҹŵĺ⡣
Ըٰذʮ꣬ ˶ġɸȴʹɨأ 裬 ҲԸһѡ
 ͸Ǵ  ٲ
½ܺڵԸʩʱ Զ֡
Щ ޹븴 ޹м鵳޹ߵ㣬޹ʱˡûһ㣬еغš
ʱ֪ʱ׷ŵǸͲʱҹλǰʱеǿҵĺ⡣ľǧ쳾ǲˣԹʹġ
ڸΪڿʼˡ
ʲôЮͼ˭ΪԼˣ˾ܳõԭôƾʲôȥܹãôֵǮ
ź⣬½д˴£һº񣬶ϴʹ޳одսľСˣ뵽ʱץ
ķˣֻԼ鷿һǵĮľӡ
Ҳá֮ˣҪԼʵػţ緢ĵĺ⡣
½ܶһЩͰЩͨͨո꣬˿ˣҲᱻ½⡣
ϾҲʬֲԽǧ
պ󣬳ʹ߾һԾǳĳͨðյע⣬ɲ֪˭ѡҲڳϡϢ˴Сӱ˰Χۡ
뿪ʱ½ܳⱻ˻֦ﶼ䡣εؽԼɾһĻǣձ߾౨źûô
ǰ½ܹصǣȴûҢߣúĽ˻ع齭꿴尲Ȼڣ½ܱ㲻ٽǣ÷С
Դ˷Уֻ½̴ӡڻ֮£ɰҴһӽ½ŵù
ûҢãеͨŶҪ߹ٵͶ鷳ǻȥʯ˾ˡ
½һüû˵ʲô
գÿյĸûʯȿʯһҲûгʸ
ֻôʯԼϡ
ʯΪ£󷽷ˣ½̫֮ˣͷЩH£ıǣĸҷ
ҵȷģʯ˾Щյ飬£½ܵɨԷô
ŴʣʯһĻңͷԾߣţ̸ոǡû˵ʲôһ˵
½֧֧ᣬڵִ֮ǰʹյҶҪ
ʯǹһĨȣ½̫вԼʲôģʹΪףΪݰͷ˶ѡ
˾˾ʯ½ʧȥģ仰룬Զͽӡ顣
˴Ĺأʹʱʵۻʹ֮״һöӡԵȨÿһʹýӡҪϸ¼Ա飬ǰʹڳֳͻֵһֻΣͷŻᶯô
Ϊ͵˭ЩЦ
һ½Ҫڳӡʯ齥÷ŭವһվϣŭĿ򣬡Сʲôӡ½̫㻹ӳò𣿣
ͷԵ仰ʯߣſڸԸԺ鶼½̫һһٸң
˵ţݺݵһ½ܣͷҲص˳
½ĬĬ̾ϢӡУȻӵоԵȨһζѹʯǾةԡ
˺;½ÿ챻һûȴҲÿĿһ顣
ݵȷո̬֮Ȼ˴ʹŻδ߾Ǳߵʹž齨ˡ½˳ָʹ֣л̾
̾ٷϹҰĵ֡
½ݶ꣬δ˵ţֻ֪ݹٸĿ䡣ӣԸ̾
Ӵĳˣһ飬ϸ¼ƽʵϣйػ̾Ϣֻбһҳֽ
ݹٸʱ˴ָһǰ̾ݹٸټݡڼģ˳ơ졹ȻĿäŽžͳˡϹ졹
ֵǣ˵ĳһŲ鲻ٸҲǸȥ׷ṩϢҲȰҪܣϾϴӲΪѣľὫա
½ܿ󣬹ĵĲǻ̾ͷһ˶£Ϊ˵
ʹ·ϻ˴£ʱʯκ󣬰˾ڱ߾ĳפػݡ½ܲԸݹٳŰȥ飬Է˴档
˴أȥǸݻӦҪ󡣵½ܺܿյظ֪ݿױ飬Ȼʾͬ⡣
˫ݹٸ档ʹʮˣʯ˼顸⻨̾ݹȥġ
½֪ʲô˼ֻҪ˴ˣͿܷ˴ֻҪ˴Ͳܲ˴ٳӰ졣
˴ٳةѳֵġ
һ˴˴ʹţ˭Ϊ˵ݱ˿ã֪ܲԼɣ
һ֮Կʱ֣½ô궼û¡
µˡ
浱գݹٸ½һƷٷλϷɫӡ
ʱˣſڵ̴ӳʹߵ
죬½Ķ飬ǰõ²л̾λɷǷŵˡ
Ȼļʹųʱִ˹ڷߴ󣬿խüۼһ鲼
òǸڵꡣ
경ȽãȻȴߵòƫУͶ価ǳ½ܶ˶ҾĻݻ̾Яʹ߰ݼ˴̫λ١
ĳϣ˵ŻڴһЦ
ǸЦʱ½סůݶ۵ϣÿˡһ˲䣬½ͻȻԼ˭ںδƬֻʣʵЦ⡣
ƺкܾúܾãûˡ
½̫˵ĺ˹ĳĬ
Ŷλ½ܴæ
ҷʲô裬룬ֲϵл̾ļһ
л˵
10-ȫ


75 
̾ʹųϲ飬 ϸ˹鸽˴ˡ½ܿٿһ飬йоأƫ
󽻸ʯ Ȼ ʯڵͷмøһġ
̾񣺡ʯ˾˵޷
Щ˴ΪͶ벻٣ ⲻ䣬 ûôǮٸݡ鸽֮**˴ һ׮Դʱ ó⡣
ݹ鸽йԱ뾭˴Ŀ˷ݹٸɹԱ˴ˣ˴ҲҪפݹپϤ˴פܱϽ ԭݹԱñ˽
һӦݰ Եݹٸ𡣴˴Ĺٵ̵ҲԼݡڼ⸳˰ ݽ겢飬 Ҫʵݣ ɾȥɡ
һպ˴㲻ֱ˴ˣݵ֮ҲûҪٲ˽ 紫ȫ ٺݸƳΡ
ʯԲѵ˵˼ ½üǴݻӣ Ҫη塣
½򻨼̾  ֻԾǳǳЦţЦЩۡŵģԷԼȣ˵Эȡة
Ȼ̾쿪ڣ˵ȴǣ˿Ϊ˴ѧ֮ݰյֵάϵ
ʯɫϹˣҧ̾ȥݵģ˴ˣʱΪ˭˵벻ô
ʹųԱ۷׷ףȻû뵽˴Ŀŵռݱˡ
̾°ͣǵЦˣůڻһɪεƲĿ⡣ݹٸ£ȻΪ˵ʲô벻ף
˻һ˶ʱֻʯĿۣ첱Ӵ֣ѵݴһӣֻҪص˴ٳҪĹ򣡴˴ٳ˭ƹܣ˵Ҳװɣ
ͷģλв
˴ٳɻʵ۱ƹôִ̾ǰһҾ½̫λʯ˾ˡݲܴӦ
½̫ʯƲȻ޷һ£ձȵǷֱȥ󣬸̸ɣ
Ҳá½ϵ
ֻʯĹĵػݺ½ȥʹӣʰò࣬̾ǰԷһ
ýˣ½֪ܲΪúܿ죬ȣЩֹ״̬£һ˲ԼҪ˵ʲôƬ̺󣬲ŴĿڣ뻨ӳһյô
ǹٸ仹ʹųʽְ½ԡӡƣͼǳԣ˽¡
Ǹհɣôҵһ
½ע⵽ԷһСһ£룬ҲֱӾܾ
ȻʹȴҪʰһ½̫
̾ͬ˸ɾֻò鲻Ըظ½ȥ䡣
˫Ҷɲ裬δĵ죬ٺò߾֮ز㳢õùߡ½ϴ֮϶Էıյ
̾ٱյס飬֪ΪΣ½ܾ˿Щִ١
֮£½̫ġ̾һòһߵĳΪݹٸ£Բίˡ߻½ֳֽ̫̫ӡ֮ˣ
֪ӡ½̧ӣ˵ǿ鲼ӣʯ˾ſںߣв㣬ȫ޹˼ɣջص˴ؽةһɵǣơΪһʱǰ̡
³ĻȫܿأȰ˵Է½Լ洦
½̫صңҴ˴̾һǡ
½ܼǳԱܵˣһЩ
һյ衣̾յһãȻһЦ½̫˵ҳһյ衣
½ܿЦãԼֻȥˡϾԼҲ֪˼Ϊʲô
˴ĵһλ沢죬ʯͣԭ½ܴԼܲµֻдŻؾةͨǵûʲô³⵵ڸʲôɧңݽˣٳûһͲֹܹˡ
̫бҪȥôһ߷ԼϳһȰʹôҪ˰һô죿ʲôӣ˶žˡ
½Цǲҵġ
˷ȥݣ½Ҳعʵؿ֪ǿ壬Կ塢ݶжģԲġ
ڻûͼ
½ܾԼż˵ϣ̫أԼҲ޷졣
ݹٸݵı߾ԽԽ½һصĳݱԽԽۡݵĴṆ̀صֵĳѲɡ
½ܷԸԶظţһֱ׷ݳǵСȻʱͣ·ߣѿһˡǽһʲôҲû֡
ԼŹͷô½ָǹοüͷ³ڽߡ
Դ֪ݺǧٿ֮սңԸֵС˴ݸټǰļˡ
Ρεĵռ˼һ룬ΪεĶطΪڼȷ棬˵ոϣüۣ㽥ûˡ
½˳ǰУǴһȫǸ¥鿵Ľϡӯû֮ӿֱֳַӴһ֡յӹúˣȻǮֵطǲ
¥½ΪæһҸ¥˴¥ˣ
⻰һԵСȥؽͣҵʹ˴¥ûйϵҵϰؽ뻨ңʾ
̾ţ½Īڡȫ޲պ˴ոݣҲ¥ˣ
¥ˣֻúãղǡ̾һֺ⡣½ܳϰ壬¥ƹʲôˣ
ƹŮԭӯͷǰЩлæӯ᳭ûǮؽַҲŵơ
ӯᣬ飬̾½˼Щƺʲôϵ
½껰̯һҡʱ¥У̨ǰΧĹڣ½ܽȥ̨ϣʵһ㶡
˲ǡ̾
̾һװִ俴񣬽ƾȻΣ㱻緢̬Ⱦ½ܺȻý촩öˣûôȣ˾ۼ֮е궯
һԵĹڸ½ܣλӽڴޣʤӦԷһ£֮Ȼ
̾ǹٸ䣬вȨݰ֪ΪˣҴδ书óȻ̨
һΪ˭½ܺܿ侲̨ϵΡ
Ƭ֮Ⱥо̨гУֱ򻨼̾ȥ
ݰǵһμʶ˻书Ϲδܵġ̾ؿԷĳУ׼ȷ֪Էֵλãһл⹥ƣٳöܴ֮ʱƷڵء
̨жеĸ˽⣺֪ܵԷĴˡ
½ܿø͸̾еʱʮڸ˫̲ȵʵ˳ɫ֮ˣȴԶԶܹʲô˰ɣ
̾ϣвܡ
һսߵºȺкˣ̨أһ򻨼̾ȥ½⼸ͬһһżΪصĴֲѣȺкۣصþͬ
ͬǴݸһ·˵
̾мЩ˵Ĺ𽥺ˣֱڹϡһŲյýһλãһյֱȥ
žž

찡Ǿ׼֮
Ϲôȥѧ
ÿ˸յѪڵϡ
ãȺбкû
һ򵹵վܣȴ̾һѵÿſſ˶˵õģˣҪӦһ¡
䣬½ܼǰͷǡ˶Էѹ͵ĻӣǧֲڳиҰҲةһ̾㵽ס
˵գһƣ֮˱ƳȺСӳȥ
߱¥ӳš
½ܽŵļŴһµòʯͣݵ̸УȻͼֻʯ͹λ졹ɼ־ݣ롣
̨ѱϣλɢ˰ɣδģ¥￴յ衣̾¥⡣
죬Ϊڴ˰ް
ջ´ʲôʱ򣿡
ҼСϲϲý´δӢˣ
ܶ࣬̾һһӦȥʱ⣬ˡ
½ܳĬվ̨ǰۼΧ˶̾ߣȻڣ㷽豭ҵĻñػ׼֮Уù֮ӦϸС죬Ȼ豭Ƭ˸ѡ
˵̨֪ԷֱܷԼȴ׻̾Ϊλһ
ͬҴһɣ½ܻǰֱ̧򣬡Ĺأ˭˱ΪԷһ¡
л˵


76 
Ҳ򡣡̾ɳƣ Ϻ˶ܹơ
½ܲŲУ˱Ƶǽǣ ƵöԷòӡ
½㣬 ԼֱӺ˶֡һϻ̾ȴ֣˵Ҳ硣
һߺͶԷУ һϸ۲ˣ ¶ֱۺڴɢҵ˺ۡҢô꣬Ӳ֪ʲôܽ˳ ǵǹ£ ǡ屻𿪺ƴϵĺۼ
һ½ܱöԷס˫ֱһ ѵ˫ûüһ ֱԷץˡ
̾ͻȻǿӲؽ½ܰڹϣ 豭ϡﻩһء
½ܵԺʱһƬհס
˹ţ 屻Źӣ ǰֻ֮ȭԷ΢΢죬ң Եţ ˮʪ͸Լɼʵļ
Ȼһɳ嶯 ҪʲôζϧԷ̫ص㣬 ѷֲһǱˡ
˵䵭Į ֻ½Լ֪ ˵Լͷǲǣ֪ʵģ
ʱ˵أǿӷ·ɹ֮£ѸڻˮаĶޱʾˡ
δϲҲδȡ֪ԼƣȻȥԼɳʲô
½ҧס´ָģǿɢ˼롣
Լü죬ΪԼһѱԷ˭̧ȥʱ̾һڲƺԼʧ̬Ǹ
½Ѹ󣬷ֱϸ룬ԷѨλ̾޷˫׾ٱ׽סǰ
ˡ½ܵӦһ£ҡһ裬Σ
ԷмⲻκλӦ½ЩĪǾ˵ͬʱԷɣŵһԷѵĳ̶ȡ
̾Ըӽǿ
Ȼ̾Ʋı仯͵͵á
¥˵Ҫ³Բ裬æɨ˿ż䡣ȥ½ǵһɲ裬Ƶĺּ֣Ск
Ҫġ
Ƕͬ˵ĵһ仰
ǴҴҶ½ܴĿ⡣
½һӦʹڵĴڻ̾ǰԸԼ
ֱһ裬ڱһ䣺ڳ֮ǰʲôģ
Էһ㶣ͷǡĴΰʲôġ
æλӣɱǰˡûӽϴǸƵİɣ
ôһ̾˵ˡһ׮Ʊһ׮ԿЩһ顣½ܸһ򻨼̾Ϊ֪Ĺ
̾ݹٸæģâ̫ʢܿ㱻֪ݿȥٽļ¡һף˻½ϸڣֻ֪ΪƽϢ¶ˡǴʼնڹĺͱÿһǣеˣ۹Աǰա
½ǣ̾м硣뷨δ㷺ֻڶСû֣ܱԶڱ߾Ļ֪̾
ǲıϡͨô
½շ죬СŲ裬Ŀڻ̾۵ĲϣȻ뿴˫緢Ǹ˻Ź⣬ֻһ˷롣
죬̾˺ֱܶ࣬ɫͻȻӦʲôһյ裬һһβʣһԹˣĳǡ
½Ż˵ļ£½ĳп֪Ƿߣ¥һΣ
̾üַ̧Լ۲վüᴦǽ϶ӹһ£Ҫ䡣
½ܼ״ȥߣϵϡδ϶ԷӦܴƵģҵسֵ
½һʹüۣòһĽᣬ˱ۣ½ĳǲǴŵˣˣֱ˵ǣ̸ֻ֮¡
ͣĸմϵĽᣬָԷ޷ٻ¡
ͻȻеԼץסǰˣϹһץֻץס⣬־ò̫ԣŲ
ǡջʱ˿Ƿ˼ŵģʵҡҡ
˶촽û˵䣬Щʧ̬ص˾䡸ǡҴ뿪ӡ
̾ų¥˽ֻٸܡסݹٸôƻͨҹƺΨһİ֮
ԼľţϡƬ̣һȭϣҧгݵطƺߡ
ʼڱ߾ߣδĻ½˷Ҫʹ˴֪½˴ʹУȴûоܾ¾ģԶˣž֮һн
ԼѳֵסֻҪͲв֮ġ
˭֪½ܾ
޷ж½ܵͼĽύһֿѣǽ˽Ӱ˴̬ȣǡ
Լֹͣȥܡ
飬ֻºؾܾм䲻֪ôģһٷԼֻ̰Ƭ̣½ܳһ裬˲£Ӧռ
ЩסҡͷǴԼ¡֪ȥУٶ࿴½ܼۣ̯һḴȼ
վȥ½ܣ̸ֻ֮°ɡ
̾˴š
½뿪¥˳ݣݹٸ߾Ͻʱδ˶
һۣӰ뿪Ƽʯڷ飬ʱһ֮ǰ˵˼䣬ʯɫһ䣬ֽԷߣȻ͵ذɨϣŴ
½ܻڣ֮أѹζˮΪζŲţ
ǰ֮Һ󣬴˴ľȣۡҲ촬ЩѣɣҲˣǴʲôҪǮΪʲô
ʯŸ첲ͷ˺ɵɲٻǮˣⲻܺ˵ģԼؾȥɡ²̫ôôȥ
½ܾƬ̣ʣɵ֣Ѳµˡ
ʮǰĻʵ۸ξڹнһɽ̵⵽Ⱥԡ
꣬һ븴ȺڴҢ룬Ϊⶾͨأó֮ɴ˴ɽ̣þΪܵʵע⡣
һʱ˴½˲ƣ˵ɽ̻ʩʲôҳ١ʵȺûڶԳ֮µִţڿɱ䡣
ǳȷѪУĴСԱٶˣƷߵʷ򣬱½ܵ
˴Ĺʵ촬½ܲǣ˷ѹեΪ˻ʵɡλʵ۱£ԼҲ̫ˡ
Ͼ֮ʱ½þ˼ȴֻһݡ
½ŭʯܾԼƺ©ʲô
ʱ̴ӽʯſڶ䣺Ѿ鵽Ǹ̾ȷ˴ˣֻݹٸټģҲ
ǻȥ飿֪ةԼˣ⻹鲻ҪǺã
½ܻҪ͵飬ûǲǸֻһ仨֣̾㲻ǹš
鷿鵽ҹԼ޷ȴ˯⡣
֧ͷҹ¹յͥԺͬ硣α΢΢ͷصǸ³յǰݣ𴽽ǣ˫ۡ
İĸƺδйһΡǰУְѸͱҹҲָоֻԷǸꡣ
ᵽ֣½кֹסӿǸװµľУļƪ־䶼˵ıС
ߺһ̾һ䡸ˡӵľȻαϣЩǾ塣
̾ûгûйڱ߾Ϊǽѣȴס۾ʾˣ·һߡһš½ͬ棬ѿЩ飬Ҳܵǿҵķ֮ġ
ǿԿ
ܾˣƾʲôԼ
̾ȥôᣬûѡԼ͵ˡԼҲʲôӣ˱±ѣϲԼ˵Į֮ˣһضȤɡ
һ׮£½ӣǡǱġ
ʱף½ԭʲôֱһĳ֣ŷԼôܻᱻĵط
ҪôͰѲĹһأԷҲҴŲ˵һ챻𡭡
߰˼Ժкֱײ½Լʵܹǲһͬһһյ裬Լٳһյ˶ѡ
ˣ½ܣƵġȡֽʣд˷̵ţҢõİСİϡ
ŷ̧ͷдšԱһС֣Уջ٣˽½
л˵
ǳζ
һ7


77 
½ȥ¥Լ ˺Ų죬ϡͿԼռ档һأż˼ա
ʱ Ƕı߾ ż˵˽£̾Ƕ½ܵ壬 ȻÿζŶ Ƕ֮У½ּܷѹסĿ
ϸЩԼһӣ һÿմ£ ľȴȫȻͬ
ƺȥЩѹϵİͻȻߣһж
˳ԲķʼûһӡӣȷЩ롣½ܱԼʱһӵ ƵҶ¥ͷż䣬 ͷֻһųôӵˣȥǼɡ
Ϊѵǿż䣬 Ǹ衭
˵꣬ ſڱ˸ӵˡ
޷ Ǽɡ
ƴ¥쵽ͷķ䡣̾ڳεһˣ ½ܱȻߣ °ڽ òʱżд
½糣̸ͬ ȴǳǳЦ⡣ԭʮǢ ԵĴȴȻֿ ʮòĹ롣
ֻǴáδ̫Щ
½¥ĸּ̨ӣ¥šͯ롹¶Σ֮˿ⵯ޵Ĵ
ӡʵڱǸҲ֪ǡ
Ҫ̨̾һһָɴ½ܼϣҲ½̫ҾǸΪ֬ۺˡȻŸ㣬Ҳʹ졣
½ؽסҴͷԲ裬ˮѬʪ
ΪҪô˵ڰʾʲôʲô
½ҧ´ѻŵƽȣԭϲˣ檳Ⱥˡ
˵⻰ͬʱ̾һյõĲ裬͵ߣ¥ϱ߸߼յɽС֣庮֮˻Ƕ࣬ʲôɲˡ
˵ĻͬʱڣűһϢĳĬ½ûнյ裬ǾਾӹյһеһҲ͵Էߣɲ衣
̾Ҳ֣ڷĵطһյ檳Ⱥô
ʱͻȻߵͷǻƵĻӣˣһɣ
̾ٿȻ˶ˣ
һӣͷĴˣڵҸطɣ
̾ת½ܣ㡭
½ܺԥǰסǸϹӣ㿴·ȻǼңҲ̳
ͷŲ½ˣӴ䡣λȻ¶ֻôһ¥µһ㣬ܿſߣڴȺд
ۼ׷½ܹս߽Ǵһխһ۵߼ƾɵӣͨģ
Ƕġ̾ٵ䣬Է
ŲԽԽ½ܽϹӻڻȻվ˻ǳӵ
ȥˣ׷
̾ײһ¡Ƽ֮䣬ŷˣ½򱻰ڵأ󱳿ǽϡ̾סǽȴ޷վֱֻøάƽ⡣
ýԣŶ׷һȻ½ܣʱˡŻ̾Ӣͦı;µ°ͣӡǳ̺۵ĲǣŲУüԼٵĺ
ǰ˾ôǽɫ
檳Ⱥǡ
飡
ʱĳľܵʧȥƽڻ̾ĺϡ޷˫һǰſȥ
ֱֱſ½ܻ
½ܲɵסһֻֻסѪľмϴ̵úƬ̿Ҳź죬°͵䡣
⴫ŭȣʲôˣү򿪣
ǰ˶ͷϹ´ź飬˫ʾ½ܵľȴֻܲԼ½ǶסѪֹŷ
ȴ޷ע⣬۴˵жѪظ֪Լ׵׵ػŻ̾ҡۡʹΣУӲһ컷¡
ǻƵŵĶǹؽģĵǳе¡ҲûԿףһҪȥϰʡ
½ܶǰմѪ˫Լһ̧ͷһ˲벻ܲȥ㱻ԷǺҲûϵ̾ṫ˽ġ½ܵһΪһ˶ģ޹ա
Ȼ֮ʱȴȴӶԷϷ˷Ӧ
ˣߣȥǱơ
ǹٸɣϰ嶨ϡ
ǹɣˡˡ
½ܷ֣ǰĳڲʱ˵ѹʯһ
⡢ǡ
Ϊ𾪣һѪʱȴǹ¡תһ룬ȫƶԸʹôʵԸ޷Ρ
̾ˡҪ
ɴԶĻ죬һʵԸղѡ
ϲǸصĵǡ½סԷ΢΢ƽҵĺ
ŲԶ½ܸеǿʯƽˡֱ̧̾Ŵⷭ˴šһ𣬿˾䣺ۡ
½һ̾ӣڡ
Ҳ
ۡɱľӡһߺţһ½ϲ䡣
½ܱޡͷܲӣԼϣΪֹѪβһƵķƵԷӣû˴ɾط
ƽΪ̾˿ڡ
½֪ܲǴõʲôҩԼġȻ̾ôſϣһҩ۵໽УͰ͵ҪƵģòȥסԷο
ֱȥҲûɿ
ˡҲɰʵһ
˵ģΪڷŵΣ
Լô
ӣ½˫ּ䴥ȣŶԷ۲㵱檳Ⱥô
̾һ£ַ˾䣺ƭ½̫
Σ˵ĺȡ½бдһҲ˯ȥˡ
ﲻ˽һЪϢƬҲҪɡ
ֱ½ܻصݹٸԼķ䣬ע⵽ϲ֪Ӻζĺǰôġ
û½ĥô£˰ȡŷ⣬һ۱ϳĵ֣Ȼ٣һ۴Žգæ𿪡
ǰЩϣ½˻̾ˣд־䣬мѯ̽
ȻĵĻظһţһݸҩɵ䷽½ϸ⾹ǡǰڰŽСʱһҹǱҩƵ䷽
½һ顣Ժĵ˼ǡҪԥֱϣ
л˵
￴͸һ=W=
һ10


78 
½һºĵ飬 پϹ̡
ⷨƺ񡭡ҲǲУ
䷽պãԾȥ¥Ȼ̾Ҳʲôûһ 糣̸źͱ߾
̾ ׽ǿ֪ݵˡȻ϶мӣʵ򲻿ܲɵԶĿ䣬 ˼
Щ½ܣ Ըݹٸ֪˽ڳšÿץס¥պܻжûô׳ˡ
ÿἰĶأ ̾¶Լ˿ڣ ½ܰҩҩˮӴƤʱǺٱ½ֱܵѰο
һпĳεĳδǵĹϵԽԽ ȴĳϣ ޷Խ
ۼʯһ뾩ͨţ½ܸе´λ̸ʱ䲻Զ Щס˷߾֮н ʹŷؾǣ 뻨֮̾˰ɡ
ô꣬һζһˡʹ˷֣ ź
Ծûȫİգ Ҳ߳һ
ڶ֮£ Ȼ̫桪ٻƣ ̫ꡣ
ʮ ա½ǰʱ¥ һƵһ̳ҶƣٳöԷע⽫ƺõҩ̳С
Ƕӣʵա½ԭż䣬ȴûƽ˵ĳΰ˵ϵȺ
һȱһ磬½Ľˣ˯˹ȥƳϣѵƽֱʱ䣬û̾ղˣȴִزŶԷʧԼٳٲԸȥȵûڻ֮С
ȵƻȫʢ©̱ڴæ׾ĽŲ½̧̾ڻƵĲ
Ͼưɡ½ַܽϹӣԸ
ϹȻߵ̫̫ãȽŲʹſ½ܻ½ֻýϣԱץֱۣһεǸƣ˴ĽûнչͻȻȥʣݻ˼ʱˣȺȤɣùûУ
½ûлشֻԼֱյֻ֣̰ɣвô
̾ȻЦһĳ˼һûмҾûвʲôвңΪҵǣɱҶҲûô
֪ΪΣ½һʱ̳Ҷһ߸һߵһ̳½ʱģȣá
Ҷƣ̾ȡԼǱţǲ裬ʲôӣˣ
Է˾ʲôû壬Ϊζԡ
֪ҶӦʲôζζζ̫ϤˣֵӣֻΪְֺ޵˳
½ѡģô֮Ҳ½µġ
ӵĸܾڻ̾ͷĿɬ۳֧顣½ܶ˼ԤϣΪֻҪ϶ܡʵľ룬Է֪Ѷˡ
δϵ½ܾҩ
̧ͷ˵ģģȴѿĵףֻϤĺ˼ĺüڱǾչǰ
ǸˣȻ˽ʮ꣬лһ
·Щ塢Խʮڴ˿صһ֮޹֮һЩѾѹµ£ٶеظˮ档
½صľΨһҪ¡
̾յڴߣͷ
þơǳǳЦţݵ
һˮƱϣ½ܵӺҿݵȰգٷһ
̾ٶ۶Էεƣܾٺȶ١֣½Ϊҩ֮ˣԼҲǾƣֻûࡣ
ڼ䣬һ̸Ц̾ݹٸеĶԹ½һɡ
̾ƹԼĪʱžòԡֻǾƾĸܣǧٿµȼ
Ӳ𣿡½ܰڳ浣ǣߣ֪ͻˡҿ
½ܸǷգȵ֣ӴͬʱԷȻһ¡ǺּңȵϢɨ½ָ䣬Яųҵ
ʱˡ½῿ǰߵӲʣҪ½ĳæ
˻һ̾ٴ͵ز־һ߽⣬ʻ̰ǰ
ţò
ӡòô½ܵĻҲʼסԷ̵ƣʮָۣһִֻӻȡһСҩ裬ڻ̾մմò½ĳǽҩ͵ǽղ
䣬ȴ̾ٿȻץ˫ݺݰڳϣ󣬹á
̾½ܲɵñۣҩϵ
ţ½ܵԷס򴽽ǣļž
δ𡣵δ
һ£ؽ˴⻪ƣ˳ϳײȡ
½ܵüıӡһǣԭͣ˺ܾã͵͵һ䣺Ǹ
Ǹ
ΪҪǸ
½˺ܾãعʱ̾ѷſײײſȥ̾ƺ̫侲βײǽϣŻص;
Ҫȥģҷ
̾ĻſڣǱײš
½ûȥ׷Ǵ¥Ϲȥġ
ֻԭأĬĬóһҩ£˼á
Ϊʲô̾ҪȵǸٶܵ
⣬Ϊβֱӷ½ҩ뿪Ҫֶ⣬Ϊֽüһǣ
ʧ̬ģм٣ѵ̾ʲô֮
̾˱̫֮ȴص̫ãֻҪһ̽ͻᱻԲرܹȥ
һ֮䣿
½ܺͷ
ҹصݹٸ½ˮԡһ·ùҩƵӡȥʯҪݲ鵽йػ̾Ϣ
̽˸̾һ֪ͬټġ֪ͬھ٣˵㲻᲻ص£֪˭һ£͸ᵽˡƽʱۣΪʹˣǾģû
֪ͬ͸ȥݣ˭Ҳԣڱٵʲô˲ϸʡһ۱֪Ǽ٣Ҳû׷
ʯҪ̽רȥλ֪ͬδ϶ԷڷʵʲôҲûʳ
ֻ֪Щô½˼Ƭ̣ԸӣͷһˣҶЩ˵£ɺã
ӵȻšֻǲ֪ʴ˵ʲô£
½һ㶣򴽣÷ʲô£ֻҪйصģʰɡ
áõġ
һҹˮҹ½ܾδߣ˼ջòȥ¥
뻨̾Լÿնȥʵڲ֪ӦԴˡ
ԥʧ֮ˡ˾ȥ˷ֶԷڣ߱Էһٴγи
Լʱ¥ʱæ¥ˣһͷ˭Ҳɰˡ
½üŶʱ̾ȷͷţȻһſš½ܵļ磬Էǽϣһ仰˵
л˵
ϰߵıףֱҩwww


79 
ǰľ ½ܾǸǿӲҵġȻ̾ˣᵽ೤繣ת̽ϲã Сֺã һһ˶ǡôĻ䡣
½ܱǽվ˺ܾãԷƺԶƣ ҲԶ룬 ƺһһΣһͣ±ʧȥһС
ãʱȴľ ֱʵڴ ½ַ̧ܱڶԷ۲ϵ
̾æȥоͷɾ裬ˡ
ӣǡ
½˵꣬ еһᣬ ˱ᱧ͵ϡ
̾ԼУֱȦס ͷĶ Ƿţ ˾ʯţ ½̫ûɣ
½ܣ
˾ţ
ʵϣ ̾ôġ
˾һ¡ֿǰ ̾½ҵң Ц¥̯һԣһ¡
½ܽһϵϣ ϲ
ҺλϰĹһΡˣ ͸ˡ
½ܲ⣬ȰѶԷߣԼȥ̯ӣҵԼͬңϰ壺ʲôô
һͲģϰѹͻ湫򣬱˵Ƕ֮
½һ飬΢΢
̾ȻϹǿҲ湫ӡɡ
ÿһ죬½ܶᰴʱ¥һͻᱻǽϻ߳ϣϸϸƷһȻڻǷϣ̸һı߾⡣
˿̸۵ĻԽԽֻ࣬Ҫ½̽ȥʶԷĳ˺͹ᱻƿǵ½ַܰ϶Է½Ҳᱻ׽ߡ
ԭ½֪ܵ˾ݹٸԼãպٶȻ档ҪʯȻ뾩ͨãַñ˫ƽ̯
ݲţӦҲпܵġ
Ļ˫ǩ飬ʹž͸÷ؾˡ
Щ˾ͼˡ
½һοڻ̾ʱ۲ᴦ뿴۾
û̾еţӺ㣬æѺֻ˳ȥ
Ϲӵ۾ܳġ͵ţŵ㣬ͲҪˡ
Թ
½ܱӵֻڶԷ䣬΢΢뻳С
Ųµ˻̾˼ȥһЩʵ£֪ᱻɡ
½ϸ׼֮ˣ޷븴޴׳֮ʵеӶǣһǳ˻̾
ɱˣʶĻӾΪ߾ն졣ڵģҿĹȥ½ܻǸߴˣҪ̧ͷסĮľӴʱÿֶҧҲ׷֡
ڽϣ̾ǿӲ½òΣȴûõʲôĻӦƬ֮󣬻̾Ժˣ˫ϼ䲻ԷŲĻ
¡
˼չ¶һ档½ܶʱͷһҧҧȥڶԷϣڡ
½ỺµĻ֮鶨ͬһؾǿɺã
̾һ͡
˾ǣ˾ҸλãһΪ߾¡֪־ķҡ˽ģҡ
Ȣ㡣
һ̣½ÿһֶĵġ
ˣ̾ʮ⣬Ҳ취˵Լܣˡ
Էģ͸һŵܺͻ̾ʶͳ࣬ȻţԼԸ˹һ
һ̾һɶֹطŶأȻһЦǹ˲͵Ĳɣ
½֪ܲ뵽ʲôֻðƵһַֻ۲ϵߵӦΪҽ⿪
ҲǿҲΣԸ¸֪Ǳ㡭
½ܿԷֻֽ⿪ϵϵĽᣬֻǻû˫۾ȱס
ΪʲôҲ±ӵͲǸˡз캬첻壬㡭㲻һʱǡĶġ
һ룬һˡ̫ʹˡҲҲһΡ
س򴽰ꡣʱ۲ڳϣ̧ȻѶģδݣ˰ɡ
½ܿ˫۾ʲôԵĳªֻڿͫԵ෴۾Ư˵һʲá
Ȼһ̣˫۾ǶУͼʱĳغϡ
޼˵
۲ʱʲô׼ˣ½ֱԵֻ䡣ɱס˷·ʲôҲûβֻЩӲ
ôţδһԡ
㡭𣿱ң˵仰Ϲ˵˫ۣڶԷץ
̾ٷϹǻΪµ١½׽סϵӵһԣ꣬ʣô
½ߡ
类ʯȵףǰȥ׷֪Լûʸ˫ۣغ˵ҪȢҡ
֪ߵſڵ½ܽŲһ٣ͷ˱ۣŵ̾Ϣ³һ䣺Ǹ
˵Ჽ뿪ٲͷ
ԭվ˰ΣͻȻ˫һڵϣ촽һѿЦ
ܵ½һ䡸ǸٽһһΡ
ڵ˺ܾãֱ¥Ļÿţһ߶µ⡢ͷ˱꣬ҪȥøϿ죬ٲߵĻ·ϻˮ͵ͣˡ
վȴƺ˱ƽķٴεȥЦ˲·һҹɡ
ҹ¥ٿѡޣ伷ġ̾ĿȻԼһ䣬ƻΪȥ̸Ǳ죬ŲתͷһһģûҸ¶ʹҴҳȥˡ
ҹ¥޵ĿǷ׷׽硣ͻȻˡûˡæ˳˶㣬ͣڻӵǰ
һ½һµײô򣬰˻ƵĵͺʣﴫţŽ˼ӡӦֻôš
̾ͷѪƵĴǽڣк첻ʲôԼ½֡
½ÿͬ½ôΪʲôҪС
Ʋ⣬ǰͼ˵ԷȴȫδţȭͷմѪԹִǽڡ
ûа취ֻý˼˽סջ˻ߵǸϹģ··ֻйʲôֻڷ衣
ҺôʱתС꣬̾¥ĳͻ˹ٸ
ٸУ̾ӱҹѣǵͻطʱ˯ѲϴǺһͨڡ
ڰӰٵ˯ȥſҹһ߲һ̸߽
Ҳ͸ʱкһûˣôˣ
ǻ˵Ĳѵչʲô̼ô
ð¥˵һĹڲ¥ţʲôҲû
߶Զǽ̽Դߡ
֪ݵˡһקקһ֪ݺͻԸʲô¶Ҫӡ
һǱߴ󺰣ʲôӺأ
˵ӱ
Ӻ͵ߡ
Ҳ֪Լ˯˶ãʱֻ۵ͷϺ϶ɴѾûйˡ
ַ˰ɡ
˯֮ǰ£ֻͷ۵һ½ߣᶨ³ŵһժ۲½䵭
ͷʹŤһš
ߵġȻ޽ӽ½ܵĿģͲýܶԷ룬ռ棬鲻ԽԼˣ½ô죿
Էĳŵ᣻ʱ֪һиýˡ
ȷ½ܶġҪִ̰ͼãܱ¶֮գֻὫİ֮˵ø
ս۲ʱһ˲Ĵϣϣ½ܵĸ˵ǰ㣬ֻҪĹ¾ܲǰӣĻ̾
һ˲㳰ЦԼĳޡ½ܻܽԻҺ󣬾Ͳѡǰ߾Ǿˡ
ǲܵġ½͵ŽСʱ֮Ҳˡ
ͣҲá
½ԽʬɽߵյģС£˲
ֻ˵Լѡ꣬½ܴȻ״ݻµķǰݻ̸ӴԼǽˣȥˣǸ˵ڵϳ
ЩóĶ飬ٶȷ賤
ӵȥݵӻжãͿ֪˵һӲʣ˴ʹŰɡ
ӵⲻô˴½̫ҲӲʣЩ춼Դѽˡ
ʲôԴ𣿡
ס
Ҳ˲Լô
ԭ̫ˡ
ô˵Щ¶½ܶأΪ½ڷ곡Ϸ˻ڷ곡Ϸʱŵ
ȥԴ𡭡ԭ½ôںǲ˵ֻҪŬһ㣬ͻܿϣ
ûϣܿ½γϣȴţ
ԸӣҪȥݣ
ӡ
ް
ȰֻæȥˡһȴֹΪ졭챩꣬½̫ðݵݣ˷纮ȣԴǺô
л˵
ĸʱһ


80 
ǰ꡹ʱ ½ܵĶ࣬մһ㺮ľͶšһֲָܳܶ٣ ˼ðо Լڱⲻ
ɵҹԼڷʱ ðо Ҫ׵ġ
յϡͿ˯˼գ ѹȻأ Ժӿ£ǰǻ̾
ܹ졣̾ôõˣĲѣ̣޾η֮ġˣ  һغһ
Ҳ޷Ƶμһϡ
˻ݹӽ Ϊʲôƭƭƭأ ΪҪʱ¶ݣο ֵȷûʲô¡
½벻ͨҲھɡĿƬ̣  ʱ൭Į
˵ԭ»̾ȥĶ Щ ջԼĻ
½ܵȻѹġ
Щѹ̫ˣ ⸵ΡλȲϴΣ ֱĺӱѵʹࡣ
鰮֮£ȻǿңϾݡȥȻ͹ȥˡ
Ͼ£Ҫµ
װµľоڹ½һۣͷ̧߻ʣʱݻ棿
ݻҪ̾ԣꡣ
⡣Ҫµǰѵڵʧ̬ɣ
һֱſڣϲ⣬æźҩģ˯ʱͨţӳٻ档ʯĻûûҲİ塣
½ԷģǵǸ̾ӣһڹٸſţ˵Ҫ
˵ûѣҲڸҵطӲǲߡô
½ܲ˼䣬ߡ
⡭ðɣҸʲôڣ
ýڡʣ͸Ҳ
ǣá
˵ļһ½ȡ˯Щ鲹Ρҩ˲٣ҹԽʱʹĵƣɲʲô¡
żĳ˵ݻԺһҪԼ룬롣
գǸſڵϢһδ
½ܸ˼θϲߣԸǲͨ˵¡
徲˼գһֱ˫ٴλӡ
½ܸ߾ʯ޸ĺĺԼͷֱ˴ݵʹųԱ½ܵĿⲻʹ֮ԿɫǽûϢá
½ܻڿ촽ĲǣϥǣЩԼεĵطϡǵǵĴкζǵʱ˵ʲô˵黰
ǺԼ½ܿһ飬ṦԼƬ̡һڣƺԼĿӡ
˽½ϣݸϿӦݾЭĺԼȻƫ˴ݶҲڳܷΧڣǩԼݻع˴һ
Ȼ˫ʹžͿԸԻȥٲ
Ҳü̾ˡ
Ȼʱ̾ȴվݺԼˡ޷ǩ֡
ʹᵽ˫ʹ˴ʧݺγǣƩǰ½̫ݰ񣬺ᣬң˶˴Ϊ
˴ľջô½̫ǰ£±½̫ͷϣЩնףΪū澣ֱűƽ
ƽʱҲֻ˵½̫޹أ˭ɵģʥּﶼûᣬ̾˴ˣ͸ñӣ
½Ŀ⽥ͷ˱ܡ
˵£ԼУҲǵ꽫½ܹؽŽС
дʣʵڡ
ݺԼƹƽ˫ͬ˲ũ£ǿ±˴һݸ޲ߣ˫Ϊһݹ鸽˴˴޳⣿
̾ԼɤЩɳơ
ⷴӦҲ½Ϊ̾ӦΪة˺պ󻹴˴ٳȥ̾ҲǸ꣬ܶ˴ٳʲôȤ
̾˵ʯһʱ֪ηֲóȻӦ£˫½˼Ƭ̣ٴνͣⳡ̸
ֳֽӡ򲻵ѣʯӲӲ
½ܻԼӣ˷ǰЩǡʹŻûߣʹˡ
Ȼûһ½
ôֻǸˡ½ܻһعͷһ֮ңЦã½ɷһյ裿
ͷݺݴһ£йسԲļļ¶ʱ˻Ȼɴԡ
һ˵ǰƧ˴˵½աˣ
ƽʵС
½һ˪ڻش𣺡ţǰЩ˷纮Ѵˡ
һ󳤾õĳĬ½ܼʧȥʱԷͻȻڣЩ£֮С
ǰʱģֻڱ߾¡֪ҸʹţҲȴӦ֪½ǣС
Щûж㣬ΪԼܿƺòԽߣΪȥһжѷ£Ҹ߿Լˡǰ˵ЩҩҲԼǰһִδ⡣
ԷǱ˾½ܷסߵɣܿĿ⣬䵭ظЩԼǩұؾˣҲںô롣
Ĳں𣿡ǰץס󣬡ؾǴھõĽʮ֮ʮꡢʮ󣬴֮ʱ£ȻõĽ𣿡
½üͷɼ΢
ǰǽ룬ĲҪ𣿡
鶯֮ȻõĻ룬½շ죬ش򿪶Է̧֣ߣ㲻㲻ǻ̾
겻ܲˣ˹ȥӱס̾õĲǡ̾ٷϹĵ䣬ѧҼ̵ǡӡ
½һ
ΪȷԼ̵ס
ֻԼǧҲûϵҲ뿴һüһᣡǸ꣬Ҳǻ̾ŲǸ˵ģ԰ɣ
롭һΡ
ͣʡ
ս½ܺŶԷؿڣеҪȥˡû׽ԷͳϹڹٸԺַ£˹
ȻиģͻȻǿнڴ׳ϣȥ
̾͸ǲͬġǰˣھþòòң·ֻܰԵؾȡȫĸܡ
ڣԼ½ܲûдǰڰŽС֮Уǹٴˣ·ķʽչȻ
Ƭ֮ĹϵʵڲǱ˴ˡ·Ϊڷŵԥ½ʹؿڣ޷ϹӵعȦմһ
̾ҵߣ½ܹȻתˡ
ȥйظļѽɫɢݣֻʣʮĲФӣΪȥķš
ڣȻǸˣõĸķʽȴ뵱ȻԷϳ˸ΪʻĻ̾
뵽Լǿǵӡ
½ܿԶǸĻҵˣֻǵ̫죬ûüţøŷ졣


81 
½ܱܿ꣬ ҵʹţ˭ǿ֪ݵ£˲ע⽻һֽ
дżʱص㣬 Լɡ
ҪʹʯЭ ҪʹЩòֶΡ½ڳô꣬İѱ٣ Լ׳ Ҳû̾þǴӿҡ
Լļ棬̸Էοڣ ǶҲǹһ
ʹţ ½ܻطǰǣȴ߲ߵĵĻǰһǸ꣬һǻ̾ һϲˡ
ҳһëߣ ɵʱ涨Ǹǡ
½촽
ȷʹ˷֡ⲻȥ룬 ܷǻ̾иǲ֣
븵־ ǰͨͨˣ ô
װµľУЩŭ־һһ еѶ̫Σ ʲô˻ˡ
½ܴ裬 һֽУ Ǳɳɻҡ
Դ֮ ޹ڸ
ҹ Ż̾˯ģǸڵ緢Ļ̾Ǹ۵Ļ֮̾£ˡ
Ի̾ǰһº͵ᳵ·ֺȴûʿɶֹ̾⿪´ƵĿڣ˵ද˵黰
ľҲ˫Ȧϣյҹ֮أ
ҹ֮󡭡̾üۺͱỺ֣أ̾ˣֻһ
⻰̶ȵȡ½ܣ˫Ŀ΢䣬е̾չסǰơ
ûһ˲½ԼԶڷ
ûм죬ǿڴͷ̿ĻҽЦűۡ
β롣
ֻл̾ǸԵˣ
ֻСƬʰ̣ϡͿ˯˹ȥʱڴϣǡŽСĴ齡
ĸƵʹйɵش˫ϥֱ˩ס̶࣬ϣֱյϡ׶á
мǸ꣬ûд۲ǰȴԶǰҪ׺ݡԶ룬˿־塣
Ŵ̵ĳ״ԶƵǰÿһ¶ӡһѪۡ
½ܱۣɲ֪ģʱ˿۵޷ܡԸ꣬ȵɵò˵㡭ҡĻ
ڰŽСǻᣬܰģһʾ˳ӣͻֹֺͣΣȴΪݾһƣǱѹµĴۣ
½ͷԻǲѪԼԶˣҲ֪ǱĻ**ģֻ̫ҧġ
ʶģ֪Լʱ˯ȥģֻ֪ʱʪģΪູ̫ͷҲʪġ
ԭЪ˺һŽƽݲķǵĸ꣬ĥҲѪ޵ߵ
⼸ȥ԰ŽСǶӡԸ˵ļ䣬ʹʧŤǸӡ
Ͼʵ
˭˵ڴ֮ǰЩ׺ݵ֮£صĲɱأ
ΪҪһκ󣬽μ
½üġ
ƺڸԻ̾Уڸӡδı䡣
ֶΣݶǸһĸꡣ
أҪݸˡ۵¿㣬˱ˮϴʹԼŶ
ⶾû߼Żµ¾մ˲㺹ˮʧԼӳƲ˺ü½֪ҲܹݵͼԱòŶ̡
ԼĵصݽһͰɽϡһй۾ͤ˵ΧȺɽƣ徲Σݵĵ̣Է᲻ҸԼ
ɽɽֻһ·ߵɽΪ·խǰС½³ңͤϵȷˣƺʹġԷҲע⵽ߣһˣ½ܵĻŵǹǶ˴æˡ
ǵɫƾ̬ܸܵǵĿ־塣
ڴ˵Ⱥҵɽǡ½ܵ
һԵĻæ˵ɣɽҪǳʲô¡
ǰѻһȥִ½̫һһˡ˵½̫дô̫ʲôô
һ˵˱ó
½ܶɽǶ˴кҪͤԷȴ룺½̫һ˵ɡ
ָķǸµб£Ǳ߼Աܿͷߡ½ֻη壬бС
ȫɽͷס½ǰȥã
б¾ͷһȥĴӣ
½תߣǶбһһҽڵءҪкԷƵס졣ţӴ߰ĻѸٽֽ˸ɾ
½ܱȫʹ룬ֻߡ
ĳȵס
Ϊλ˴ƣȻ⺷ЩҲ˶𱨵£Ρ
ɽֻһ·˫ţԼµɽϿͰ͵ĸܣƲȺҪļһǿдû·Ļȥ
ݵͼԱʲôô½֮ԽͶǵķǾûκκô
֪Լδȫֻ˲һʱƲݡһȫǸùζķ䣬һϡ
ֱ£һĲֿ⣬ǰǷЩˡһ˵ֽʣһֻ֣дȣ
½ܺ죬ԷֻóĶ̾Ϣһó¡Ϊˡ
ˣԷЦǶܱ߸ݵģɲݵĹءϣҪҵģ
½΢üͷš֪Ӧô
ô֪ܰͷϣ³ϱ֪ݾѹ̾ˣǲɡŪ㣬˭֪
³ɣ֪֪ǡ
ддһ˴𣬵½ܾǰ
½ܴʱͬӲģֻʣ˭ң˵˾˾ʯֻǰңӰ˫̸Уûʲôá
˵ʲôԷ跨ѣᡣ½ܷǵҪдһݵš
Ǽŵݣ㽫۶죬ŲԶ
½ܱۣѵΪζվЧЩ˵ȷܶɱ֣֮ǰҵ취
ͬѰʯ˾ʯԼҪˣ·вͨ
Լֻкܷʡ
ȣŪδ
ݷжһȴҲȫأżŲò˾ʱ춯챻ס̫ᣬδõӦ
ݵգҹֵ֮˻ࡣֹƬ̸̣ǵ־䣺
½̫ô
ʶ˴˰
½̫˾֮޲ôҲˣܡ
ʲôֲϵáͷɱ
½ܻԭζԻ֮ˣӦΨһˡ޷˶Իƺûʲôá

ݹٸУʯݱ߾ϣü¥ţ¶Ц
ʱ½̫̫˽Դ˳ǣݽһɽϷֿӻǱûҼ˵ȥԱС
ʯϢһЦԹЦƬ̣ɤӣԸ֮ˣǱ߱ȥʣҲʧ˽ԻҲ˵ٵҰңоڽؿ
˳ȥֶߵž͵û֮˶Ҫͳһ˵
ʣһˣ㽫Ƿŷϣһ㻯ҽ
װ½˵ĻȻ˽ԳȥǾ棬Ҳʹ޹ء
½ˣӡġʱٰ۸ݣة˾ܶȡˡ

½ܱۣԼͨȷֱҹڡÿ峿ͷУʱǰû⣬϶˴ݹٸ
ٸ첻͵îǮ;ʱѵǰС⼸ȥӦмҸݼƲ⣬峿ʱҲԵϡ
ĹԱ֪ٸΣӦǽ䴦Ĳֿ⣬˼ȷΪΡ
½ܾܲʹͷżнŲ㾡ú죬ӴȥͼȡȻչȥȫ޻Ӧ
ֱĳգű򿪣Ĺһߵ˴˿ĴԼ̫˰˶ܡȻˣֻ˺Ʊˡ
һ˵˺ʲôƱʬϳ鷳ˡ˰ɣ˿Σ͵Ϸݿ϶ֵǮɣߵ̫ݼŪʹ̼
ޣ̼򣡽ôͣϳզ죿ȥݣǱвٺзүֱӸ֪ǿˣ߼ۡ
áǷһЩϧϲˣȻԼȳ˴̫ζ
ųԱʲôæֽŽٰˡ
½ǵĶԻ΢΢ס
ˡ븴޴׳ûܷϵգҲˡ
һ﷭Ϊ꣬һΡ

ݻ󣬸ûʱˡЩ죬һֱϸ˴ոʱĺԼԼִеΪԼѰ֧š
⹤ҪĲٵط־ԼԸӣӱȡӶ鼮ò鷳ȥֿһӡ
·ƷʱͻȻע⵽ﴫ
ͣƺѳܾãȴ˲֮ע⵽Ϲ⣬һԭ򡪡
½ܡ


82 
Ƶֿ⣬ ط˼ڵһ⣬һӡǻˣ
ĵã ſڣ Ϊͨ籨šĽȥʲôҲʣˡ
Ȼ Էȴǰ ѹͻ˴½̫ͷüˡ֪½̫ݵˣ 
½̫֣ ʯͷ˵ϣš
ڡȥ
˵ţ
ԷĬƬ̣Կסһź ȥ½ 𣿡
û½ܵĻشֻмݹԱ ̸ֵĵ
æʸ·ˣͷô
½̫ţ õ롭ġѪ
ʱۣ 
½ıһ۵ ٵЩʱ ֽܻᱻϡס֮ﱻ˳ ΪǴȥֻ۲ڡ
ʱϳ һҵĴ ֣ ·ˣͼһ
ӡ𡭡ǲҪ
ʲô飬ˣǵúƴ
ֻ˼У½ܱƤ죬Ȼ·硣½̾ɰ󣡡
Դ֮²óһǶһʤ㣬ʹðɶԷֻһζغͶԷ֣½ܿΣֻӿŵѪζ
Ǽ˵Ѫǻ̾ģ
½ͷһֽһ飺ɰҰ㡪
δ٣ŸģĻ㲻¡
˼ԷԶ½ܱ󸿵ĵط½ף֡
֣ͲΣա
½ͼӴзֱսü˵Ĳҽȴֱ治κڸĽȥһϹͬʱԸôཡȫ֮ˣֿɲԺŰʱ޷ǰһǸ˵Ŀʹ޶á
֮ҵͣݶŨصѪ˲ǵסָ˴һȦһ
ô½ʡսȴ֪ǰ˾ⷬ򶷣һ˱صˡ
Էδش𣬶ɳɤŵۡҴҴ򡭡
㡭
סӱϣ½ܸҪȥժϵĲ˫ȴԷһСٴβϡǸѪأȴܴ󣬲
߿·ʬ½ܳ˲ֿ⣬һ½ܱƽڴϣԷȴֽŰϴԲ⿪۲
򣬽½˴ϸϸ鿴һƤˣδ˼ǡҩЩʱձްˣ½ӿɻﲻʣ
½ܻ࣬ееʣѡ졣ΪǴһǣӣȸɡ
½ܾ֪βáҲ֪ģȻһŭߵĽŲ㷢һߡ
һǽŲʱһģŴصĵ
ӣˣæ
ͷְ˽ŵ½㶵ţеã޴롣ֻһôᡭ
ֻպڸɣΪֺȫȻΣô˴һϹӣһʲôʧǶ˵ĶԹݺ㣬ʱԼ˼ƽϵʧ
ѵΪǰǾͽԴϲ
һߣڸʲô˼
۸ŬҲ޷ֵ˿
ȥԶ᷿½ֻȴԸľȫ֪İЩµ뷨ʱʱԺðһʼԸסӡ
Ÿôæûôʵ½촽ȡİСᣬѳһֻ֣۲ãڽֽŶ⿪Լմ˲ѪʱӦߣæӡ
ϣһվھͷķſڣȥ￴һۡϣֻһͷ棬ʴ򣺡ôˣ˵жأ
򿴼죬вˣʧѪ࣬ԭǿһһӲ֪ôģ͵ؾͻ˹ȥ
½ҧ´ֻǻȥ޴󰭵İɣʱ
Ŀ⣬ͷܿԭΪֻƣ£ɻӵ󡭡ƽҪ֮һ㣬ֲôáڱвܷ²ϡ
½ܸеȫ䣬嵭֮Щʧ̬ץס죬㻹ȥ취㾡ȫ𣿻ܰհ£㵣𣿡
ٶŵ˴ͷǣһ룬ȥҩûº롭˵Ƶȥˡ
½վԭ߽ڡڴߣϵıƿһǣ߰ıʱ֪ڷŵĴ˶ˡ
˿ڣȵٻԶḧ϶Է԰׵գ֪⺢ŪĵǳĶǡԼһߡ
ɵס֣дȣ˱ۣͷصĿ־塣
Ŵ˵𡭡
Ϊһߣ˾ͻ𣿣
ڴ˷߾֮ǰ½һֱΪˣʲôɽ£Ը˿ܡ
ǲǸ꣬ǻ̾
µʱ䣬㹻һӿСһᵽֿУθ޷գȴ޷ܶԷ
޸꣬̾
ǰָձʺսļ룬ֱδչܵˡĦ˴ˡ̾꣬㵽ΪңΪ˸жԼ
ˣҶ뿪߾תؾȥ͵ʶ̾ˡպһоܺˣ𣿡
ƲסǾĵ׷ƺкܶ꣬½ܲʻСֻؿڣ̾͵͵̾òá
ֻҪͿһҪʲôҶӦ㣬òã
ҪǡһֱߣֻҪúûţǾ͡
½ܻɳơ
˵⻰ĵġ޷ǰ˲ڣ֮ȣԵĶС£Щί
߶ЩνĻȻеŵֶ˶ʱȥϵ΢΢̧ͷƺҪȴ㣬òȥ
ˡ˫һȻЦ鸡㷽˵ҿһҪҪ
˾ͺá½Ѹٳվɫ糣ȥд򡣡
ſһ˻Ƶĺ½
½ܽŲһ٣ʶͷ
ؿ˼ʹûƽҺͷ˵ݰ㣬Դͨݡգȥϣ̸Ҳͺðˡ
Ĵˣɱ˼û͸ٲϼģһҲŹ
½̲ס֮ǣδ⡭
ҷˡһһ䣬½ңҷˡ
л˵
10ᡪ


83 
½ݹٸϵˣ ٱ⻤ͻݡݹԱ˴ʹţ˵½̫ݾգΪٸȡ
һɣ ʯˡ˰ɢˣ Ҳ˵ʲôֻüл ˲
½̫ȥݹԱôξˣصٸ ʯ
ǺҶɽߡּޣҲðʧ½ƽ ʯ˾ˡ
ʯ޴ӷһ ˴Ƿݺôһ飬Է̸ʱó˵̸ĵ
ʱһӴŸݣ ˼ɵ½һۡʯͷʲô£
ӵ´ݻ ˾ټ̾ˣ Ӵ̾ȥݸǰݱܵ ֻһֽ ±͵˳Ҳ֪ûá
Ұɡ½ܵ
ʯû˼ʲô̾ ȥˡ
½Իݣ ң ⿪һɢֽţ ͷд£ ֻּۡ
ÿһʵƺ Ŀäʻƴղг½֣ʱԲһϳ
ɨһ۵һֽϵ£һƪۣЩϤ󷭣ÿƪڴۣҲĹȴǺܾ֮ǰĵˡ
ע⵽ڣЩ´ǰѺһֱд˽һθݾǰ
ִֿһ飬½һֽҵһõġ
һͣȻӿ졣
ͷٶÿƪ¶ӦеһƪǶȫȻͬ
½ܵдµķشʣ֮עⱾϾкܶ£ĿѣԸ̸
ǰЩ£ĵ⣬ʣ㷢С֮ƿʮеȻҲڵʱ½ܡ
ÿƪƺûдʲôֻչһУºͶᶨߡ
ۿǷգʱ˵أǶһˡ
½ӿǿѹпСһҳʱǻ㣬̶Ȼһͬʱ˫ۣ۽Ƿˮۡ
дЩڿο𣿿ʱ겢֪һջ棬дʲôأ
ä˫Ŀ֮󣬸ִڱ߾½£дԶ½ܿĿοͼʲôأ
ƺ˸дЩֵģҲҹʱ֣һִʣһֽϱʻմָīһдһš½ۿġ
һҹҲһƪ
ǰ˵ʵ½Ѳһ֣һòһιϵһЩ䣬һּС
á½ܡֻš
һϣͷһܿɡ
½СպЩֽţþôĿ
Ȼôǰˣ̾͸걾ͬһˣ޷ѡܻ̾ȴֻܾ꣬ܶҪ򶼲Ҫ
ƺԣƺԡ
ҹ½ܵշת˼˯һλص˰ŽС
Ϥϣǳɫڷɢ봲̶һ˫ڱоʮϤܿҪʲôˡ
ָϵıӣһԸݸĲٸҶ£ɱ
֨ѽһƿĲǸ꣬Ǵ۲Ļ̾½һϲ̾뿪ġ
̾齣ȴδɰ󣬶ǿӲ°ͣɷ˵ȥ
ǰȻǻ̾ģʵŸ£񣬰˽֪ƣ͸һ
½ܲ⻨̾Լ£ǣڰŽСⴲϣμС
֡̾ҡѣҡ
½˻ߵطɶԷƺûס졣
½ܶã΢΢̧ͷ컨壬ĬĬܡ⣬ʹֻǸǸħģǰǻ̾֮
ܾ֮󣬻̾͵סӡ
˺½ͷҲ뿪ӣǱҧѪ۽ǲܿƵᣬӿɶֹҲҲʰԼôһᡣ
ΪʲôΪʲôĻ̾Ҫһ
Ǹ½ʳ̫겻ؿ޹ˣֻôƵŻ᳹ʧȥ֮
ٴαƿ˵ǵ½㻹ˡ
½̧ۣǰǡꣿ
û۲Ϥݶʱ½ʹļ䡣ͼͼڱԼ壬ɶԷȴɷ˵ֱֱ˽
¡½ˣء껷ݡ
½޴룬ͼȴƲ겻Ŀܣ⿪ӣˮ壬¸Ǳڻ
½ãڲЩľٶֻл̾ó븵˸롣ϸֲȻܶǰ긵Ҳġ
˭㲻ǻ̾
һ۲ϣ˲˻̾ģȴ½𷽲ŵ裬ʶܡ
һЦ˭ʲôҪĸƤң½
˵ţס½ܵһӣԥС
ҾͣԸ
½Ÿҩ裬촽˶ȴκ졣漴ţعϡ
½飬Ƭ֮ſڣǿײš沢ǰŽС¥ݣһƬڵԨ
̽ȥڻڣκ˵ټ
תͷŵķʧˡǰ½ţʹӹӭظзãгð빣һƬķء
ԾصϤСȻ߼㷢֣ͨյʼոǰô˳죬һתͷǺڰ
½ãԼⲻ˼ˡ
ֻڽգʱʱΣ񡣽أζ
̾͸ĴʧҲǳʧǻữʲôԶ
ʱգ޷ȥװ·
ֹ˼գ½ܽӵϢݴ㷢һ̸Сͬ⣬š˾¡ȷǸ̸ĺûᡣ
״ʣӲǻţǲ˹
˭̸УֻĻ̾ˡ
Է˻ҪʻӣղµأʱӦһͬ
½ܵķ̾Ҫ
ûԡ
պʹһݹٸĴáΪ׵ĹԱһϤֱʡ̾˲ֻܾڽԹۡѹʵʲôˡ
ݵͬС죬ֻһ˴Σפר˼ԱݵͲԱĴȨ˴
ֻ½ܿöе⡣ʶ࣬ҲΪѣ½ĳҹһͳݹ鸽˴޲ϲΪһҪ¡ϸ֦ĩڣ˴д緶֮ĩ
αΪ֮˽ءԴΪ״ڻԼĻ·½ĳסݹ鸽󣬱ũþߣԻȡ֮ٺҶĵأҵٷܸ
λ½ĳķӿУҹЪݣһҹϸ򡣴մɨ뱸ǩ顣
Էʹߵ½̫ķǶݺõģһҹ᲻̫æˣҲԸա
أ½ܳһҹ㹻ˡ
֪ڱսپϵʯӦ¾ͳɲˡ֣Ӧֻ½ھſʱһ͵͵ģ½
һĿȥǿ۲̣˲ͷ³䲻Ȼһ䣺£
ԷԺһңֻǳĬ½ܽҪᲽʱͻȻŻ֮󡭡
ʯˮ½ң׳ûʵһ䣺֮ʹż̷ݵ²ϡ
˵뿪
Ը˵Ŀ̱֮ܶ࣬һˡ
л˵
ʱͬ


84 
ϴ˰ ½ܱȥ鷿жݳʽ飬޸ĺͲдûУһ˱ˡ
ʯף ½ܵ˵ǰһֽ ˵ԭ壬ʯ˾ҲЩ
ڲ Ȼ½ܵ¡
ʯ͵һӣ ٿȻ½̫ʯλ㣬 ӲҪˣ ǲûа취֣Ǿƣ
½ܲδ̧ͷдһ䣬˿ڲ裬 ̧Ƥ ᣬ˾˾λӣ ة㲻
Ƭ̣ αϣ ˮ ةֽͣ
ʯʢŭıʱס
 ¶ͣҶͣ¶ͣ
ʯ΢ üëš 亹
Է𻰣 ½Ҳż ȥˮգд顣
Ƭ֮ʯƺˣŲǰӹǷĸ壬Сĵ¹١Ҫ޸ļϸڣ½̫׼ȥة˿Ҫҡ
½ܵͷ޸ĺɨһۣʯֻǰѱ˴ȴδ˼ݵ档
֪ʯ޴ֻһ·ЯδĿܡ
ʮʮ󣬻ʵۺةӣʯܿ˭ӲΨһܵĴӵʦҲֻ½һˡ
ҪʯھͶ٣ʯԸ
ʯͷʣؾ֮󡭡½̫ɷ¹£
½ܴ΢ʯ˾ְͿԼӡ¼㣬½ĳҲȫҵµ˼
ǴӦˡ½˵տʼɫĸ壬ķѹԼĪ죬ͷϵػ
顪顪
ܿϸO@·ѹͣ˵ݡ½ʹžס⸽Ҳܣѯʡ
ǵʹŵס֪ʲô£һȺʹӾġ
½ܾȥѭͣһǰѹüͷ
ǻ̾ӡ
ͷֵص˷ͼߣֲϣ˻̾ߵӡе֪Լӹϵǳòˣ֪ôվ֣͡һͺˡ
½ſڣӲײ졣һԸ˿ҽȥ
ɱȥˣɱ
ǾԼ𣿣½ܵĻѵü٣Ҫ򲻹ҡͷĶҽǱǡ
ֲֻԿš½һﾰԭأᵹܱƷƿء̾һƬ֮УƵȭͷǽڡ
кţ½˺
ȭͷǽڽӴ֮Ѫεδ
½ܹţƬͣڻ̾ԶǰǱˣ̾ʱԷ緢ģȻһɬ
ɵỽꡣ
ƺѺİȴԷʱֹͣԻٵĶѪת׾˽סǰ½û£̫ˡ
½ܵ̾һ米£οءɱҵô࣬ܵסӢҪԼġ
Ҳ½ʡЩҲֵã
֪Է־壬½ûɵŭ֮СǿƿԷڿΪңұѺ̳ʱģǰȣҲǻ̾Ծǡ
˵ţݺݰѶԷ۲
½һ
˫Ȼ񣬿ϴβͬǣ۰׺ۿط죬һѪ飬ϵѪ쳣ɲ
ûмȣûСͷҲø㳤ҵ۾Ҹ˵ǲСĴϹġ޹ء
Ҫؾǡ˵öԣӦ뿪Ӧʧ
ȻǽڣεĹȭͷöͷֻ£Ѫ
½ܱһæӱסڷʱúܣ½ܵסͼͨѨöԷԣ־ƺס
һã½ֻúˣڸһԤײǽʱմѪĴǡ
һֹ˶ԷײǽĶ꽩Ƭ̣󱻳ǰס
ְ˽ſס˽˴ֹѪʩ롣½һԿţǵ˼ƺǵһˡ
ڰΣֹͣ˯ȥ½ܽ˸ϳȥԼ齱šס֮ûµ֣ϡ
꣬û˵
ûС
ôţ½ԺһʱԷҴϱӣĬĬʰԼԼճ̲ܸģڵʼǰôϵѪ
ʱڹٸʹų̾µĻһвԱǿֱǰЩ½ݾ£˴˳½ҹдԼ飬ֱͬˡ
ӹУ˫һ׼ؾľƣ½ܴ˴ʹųǵķߵݣţΪ˴ߵȥ
ݡ
½ǰһ̾˴Ϊոݣʮ꿲ͶǮĹǲ֮ʱñڶѹƽո
Ǯ;塢̾зѲ֪л˭֮ǻ󣬸ѧлԼ
磬֮罻Ӿһ־Ʊϣ½ܶ˵˷Լȳɣ½ĳؾ͢ɹԱǰݽǢڴ֮ǰ͢Ҫ꾡˽״λṩ˿ڡҵ״˵½ĳؾȥ
ԷӦſںȻʻشƫԶȻ·Ӳԭ鴫ݣᡣ½̫꾭񣬻˵
½ſȥ۵Ļ̾˲½ڡһ繦ʰøɾһģȫȻҹǱ
Ҳʱ½ܲŷӦһϹƺӦĶ˲ġԴ̾˼Ƕߡ
½˼ֲסεسĬһʹ˸ͣ˵дٶ࣬Ҳ绨ľáֻǲ֪˴ûдӱ߾˻ȥĹأ
½ָ½һ𣬴Ŀ򴽲ƫ¶໰ʲôزصģֻҪΪݣʲôȥУ
˵ʵ½ܸеĿ㼯Լϣ΢΢üշһǳ졣Ҵ뻨̾ӣǸϹͦɫƽûй¶
½ֻòͷʯʯ˾أ
Щʯͻ̾ԣӦϣԷǽŪưɣֻҪʯһûʵɾܾ̾Լ˳Ƹ͡
ȻҲ֪ǲ½ҹĻãʯ񣬡¹پ޲ɣһлҪƾ½̫ϡ
½ܱˮǺһڣֶ̾촽峺Ļֻһ֮Ȼһ䡸˴ֻҪ˽ݽ౾ǳԼϡ岻ϯ
Ȼ֪˻ξϡ


85 
̾ͬ˴˻ؾ ݽ·ʵְĳһ˴Ա֮Ϊ׵½̫Զ
ÿÿ÷ʱ ͼ½ܽһЩ ֻһιߵλӣȴ½ܷ£ ˵¹Աλӡ
 ֪ǣ½һҲǻҵģڻصϺھ׽¡½ܲ׸ΪҪ ˵Ըϡ
þǣ ҹһꡣʱɽ⧲ɽ·յͬ磬½ܵ
һϮ° ڣ Ŀ󡣺ȻǵصзֱһԽĽࡪ
ˡˡˡ
˵ҲǺܽ һڳ½ĳҹļһ 층ߵģ Ȼס
ŵԡ
ͣ
½Ը
ͷĻæ½ܲ멣 Է³ ƥѭβȥ
һ·̽ͷѯԵɣ һŲͣĳǰ գ дɵġˡ
Ǹĳᡣδȥ˭ĸᣬ ֪ľͼס
죬½˫ۣڸǲסĵǡ롪
ڳ۲ӣǰ˸ʯʣһ´ʯʣġˡ
½ܿЦã˿ͬʱԷ˵½ɣˡ
ʲô½ܷ
½̫ͳǽҹõִϣǰͷݵأˮȥˡ޴󰭣ǻǾ뿪˵ذɡ
½ܿһãĸ꣬ٿͷ꣬ͷǱн
·½ܸɴᣬӣ·߲Щҩݣ˷ϵ˴½ǲΪڵ𣿡
½Ѱط£ϲûҽݣ¡
귭˸ѹǰ˫ֳסǽڣһȭ֮ʱϣ½šڵ𣿡
½üŤͷмҪˣ顭
뾩֮Ҿȥ˾ҲϲοǡʱǸʯİЩݵ졣գȥ˵½аţ
½ܻѵߣһ£ʱסеĹӰǰֺܿʧʵֻʣȵĴС
ǰݻٴն̡֪ģô
ûƶ壬촽ʱԷ¶ȡֻҵĳ£ʵóڻ⡣
Էһ㶣Ƭ̺ǣʱȥݣҡ꡹Ľҩؾ֪ʲôʱѾѾˡ
½˫ۣԸöԷһ档Ĳʹƽ㵱֪
һĬ˫ϥأסһֻ֣૵ˡ½ΪˡͶѪߣҲΪҶίԼҵ󣬴ϵõҪһУȴ־һ
껰ʣȻϥǰȦס½ܵȼ䣬ԲıĿ¼䲻ҵһУҵĴ
ץ½֣ܵԼգ㷣Ұɡ
½ܳĿƬ̣ʱһƣȴǳ֣ȡһжһƬùչϡ
ֺͻȻ޷زҽг½ܲ壬һ£ÿһƫƣѡ֮ʹ಻ȡ
˶ʮ£ͷҽеβ
õʱ½Ҳûޡ
갴ס췢׵֣ţૣѧл
ô򣬳ꤣʱоը˳ļž
֪ĻüһڰŽСҹ㣬ȥ˶ҲңֻҪ㻹ߣʲô¶ʲô˶ɱʱңֻںһ¡
̧ͷ½˵һоô
½ĿڶԷϣ󽥽£෽ƫͷڳʲô
굹һҡҡ
˵Ͳ˵ˡ½ܺɫָȻԼĻᣬ꣬㲻ڹȥ߳ȴһ㳤ˣԼˡ

̾ͺܺáȻ˾һ·ѡ빬صԭĹ켣ϡ
겻ͣҡͷֻһҶЩûȤ
˴ˡ½ܻʮҪĺƽͲ׵İ취ȻҲ㣬ܾұ԰ӷǽֻϣãԼҪȹ
֪ʡ껰ڴ÷ҧס´ãҶġǸ£ٲٵģҵȻԸ⡣
ۿˣ½ܿžģ죬ȴ֪˵Щʲô
ʱӵٶѵŵĳ򡣰½ȥҽݽ˸򣬸˴
ʱ鲻Ըģ½֪ܿΪѡԼĥҩˣൢһͻһٱԹ½ֻü˼ۣʵͷˣʲô¼Żȥ
ɱ˵ˣﲻ֪ôˣ̲үץ򣬸ϾǸβȥУ𡭡˵ʲô˵߲
ǳ߲½̹Աȴ׷ҡͷ
ǮĴ渵껻ҩŵƹ⣬½Ƽ˵ˡ쿴õ˺ΣڼҽЩۼǶµģйӵ۾
ڳеĶ½һ˶нⷨ
ϡ⣬ɲҰ򶮵ġۼǣȫȫβػңĪҪ̫ˡ
ߴ½ءſ˰Σҩã͸ꡣǽŲ˼һߴҩһߵ½⼸Ͽɻ඾
йӰܺá½һ
ǡתͷ۲ӣȻһЦҲܺá
ԭȣ½ܶڵĻﲻʲôоʱ˿̣ﷺɬû˵ʲôԻȥˡ
֮ļգÿЪŴصĴ꿴ˣǱٵ¡
߲𣿾ǳ߲ҪȫǣôȫϢ
߲ôͬô˵ģʲô
պ󣬳ӽ뾩ǡǷʹ½ܵ־󲻻ظۡãֱ빬ʥ
ǬԪʽ鶨飬Լ˵ƽʵûʲôӦֻԷЩʹ͡صɫͲ̫ÿܻصʯ
ɢ֮½ܽ˸һͬǰϵ£˷ݣ˵ذеĻ컨̾ӽӪ񣬹˴ĺԼм仰˽£֪ɷƲң
ʵ˾ӵӣΪҪʲôˣӦˡתƵң½ڸֱ£¾⣬ɡ
ԭع£ȫ״񡣸ڵôᣬ۾Ϳˣ㡭
ժ۲˫ϣʣҡһˡ
ɤΪжı䣬òȴ־յ̬
㡭ʲôŵüС
˲½æǰ֮ʱˣ̫ӵΪⶾǰݣѰɽطʱ²һߣ˺һڱ߾˼꣬ʹŽ´ؾС
ʲô㡭ҧгݣŴŹҾֲˣԼȥݣӣ
ץϲյͷ̵ˮһڸͷϡ
˭Ҳûϵôһͷϲϵ˴ٴѪ̳ݡ
½һ°ݣ£·ǵ֮ţ̫ӵ»ҲΪ˴˴񡣵±͹⼸ڱ߾ΪԣʹĿӣҲʲôߵ¸˽Թ̫ӵλļ֮Σڵǰ֮٣Ϊ̫಻Ӳܡ
½̫Цǻ˽£㲻Ҫ֡
̧ĨȥͷϵѪ¼£Ϊһ֮˽Ҳˡ
꣡½ܵ͵ͽһȻγϰڵĴƿȥ½ܱܵҪȻѧλԱŲ벽ƿ㡸һء
ξҵشϢһָָ꣬㡭ðƻ̫ǰսˣ㲻ǸϹӣȥ
ô˫ȣȴûʵʶԣ֪Լִ򲻹Ϲӡ
ЦǹĻȣ֪Ҫҹˣʮǰôң
֪ҵĸĸһԹżĸΪ˼빬ȴΪĺӡ˽Ǻ۵㣬˻ݣʲôҲûӲںǻ
½ûаѪԵȴǷҵһСΪµĵƸң½ȴ˵Ҳе࣬԰ƾܡ˵½ΣʱΪʲôҪڹʰ̯ӣҶԵ½𣿣
˭ϡĴ˴ɽ½ȰңΪһί
תȥǰƺ½ǱһۣƺѸٱͷȻᲽ
½𾪣ʶҪȥ׷ʱϾ˼⣬ֻҴҳһ񣬱ųǬԪ
׷ϸ꣬δǰ·Ϥ½Ҳ⺢ȽֻǸ
һֱ˹ţſھþפ㣬ͷȺĵһ֮Сã
½վƬ̣ǰǣֱۣϳɡ
ſ½ĳݺţ½ץž㱵ĸϳԸ½
ĨĨѪϥϣͷ˫֮䡣оУ³׾һ䣺ǸҪ£취ˡ
ͷСߺźͯЦ֣ڽߴߴĵС
ҺȻãҲ˵ЩѡһεĻҵġ½΢΢ף̾ػٴΣ˹ִԼҲԸһ·ɡ
꣬ʵ롭
Ҫ˵ͻȻֱס죬Ҫ˵롭˵Ҳã롭
ƱƬֽ̣ɿͣ
³½æʣȥģ
վڳ⣬˱飬ЦЦݵ鱻ȥ˾ˣǿ̾ýǡ½صģ·ҲÿҲʶ
½һʱûعζֻȴףôֱػ̾ˣ


86 
뾩£ ½ܻظǺһ󰲶١һ˻˷֮Уƺﶼû䣬 ֪Լˣ ĵ׵±̵ؽҿ޷¡
Ĵգ һ Ӹ汧һ顣½ǵֽŵģ˷ЩΣȷ٣ ѧı¾ô࣬ дˣҲֻè
½ֻóڷܣʣЩΣҲʲô𣿡
һᵽ£ ̾ˣ ʼϲؽĸʽľƺÿעѪڨЦ ϧһҲû ΪϲЩҴɣ
½εЦˡ
պ ½³ʱ˻ʵۡȥģʵδϵǰľٶǺ óȻ빬ȷǷס
ڻʵǰŵ ø곹׳Ϊ̾ ±Ͼر߾ȥ
һ޹ʹ־硣ʵۼȥУ ɱǳû ֻ½̫һʱ
½Ѱ׳죬 Ҳ¹ͷŵ̺δɾѪǰŭڶϡ
ĻԼ֪һЩȻʺΪˣΪĻӡʵɱǶˣȴҲ񣬹ɺս֮͢еūͶɲзϣöȱֶϽŵһ̷ͬûҲûз̫ӣֻǽ˳
ĸԹ˲Ͼ˭ӣ½ܲ룬Լûиȥȣʲôӣǣ
͸뿪бعܡһ˲䣬˸ʱִšȸ飬ǸһֶһеڰŽС
һЩõļٶӿϣʱգѲʣ˱ֹۣԼȥЩĵĹȥ
ϾѸôˣҲûڶԷҪʱ˵һܾ
һʱܿȥ½ܲ޲ʣԭƻȥ˾ţʯٶʲôֽš
һ߽̾վУ˽⡣½ʶܣڱǰõһߣ˰Ρ
⡢Ļ̾Ǹһرĸо˵ÿһ仰ÿһļһ£ϰʱ䣬ظ֪Լı仯ݳʱ޷ֱ
̾һ˰
Χʣ֪ôˣϹӻ̾ײ񣬲ŷϵ˿ѿѪ¡
½һ˾˷ӦѸ٣ҪҴȻ˵Ĵ򶼱ˣǿͻȥҽݰɡ
һԱ⣺˾Ĵ򣬻ö
̲ηˡõ
̲½ü
˾˸£ͻ̾ǰҽݡ
½ܾ͸ںͷһ·Ż̾ЦòãΪˬʣ֪ʵʾʵܶǰ긵½ǰҲ⸱ӡ
ʱ½ףոΪͻȻ³ִҪȥĻ̾ΪԼ˵ܾĻֻҪǻ̾ģԼͺݲġ
ǡ޴
ҽֻʣһֵأΪ̾˿ڣ¶Ի̾ӽΪǽ˲֮£ȻվЪЪǶ飬ʡ
½ǰնסվ
¶ʱǡվҲûʲôã˽˶һЩһӦʩǡ
ϴˣվ˼ˣ½̧߻˭ôɵģʯ˾ɣ
ǡ½̫˵ǣ¹ⰲš
鷳ˡ½ܵ뻨ҲʶھסҸϰɡ
½ŸհõԴڽš½ϣ״ڵʱһͷװһЩ£һ
Ұÿһƪ£ͷβһ顣
ɫͷ˫ֲǰ꣬ԡԲ𡭡
лл㣬ꡣ½ڿ⣬ϰֱ׵صлҵʱô߾ͺˡ
ҲдֶҲ֪ῴҡշ죬ԽԽͣ·ָǳޡ
½һתͷ㲻̾ôɲġҴ˾һֱŻ̾ôһǰͳ⸱ӣ
˵޴룬ʶ뷨̾ʲô̾ôǸ½Һú¡ȻҲָܻǰݣҲûãҿûֻ̾ر߾ȥΪܶ¡
˵󣬸Щ״Ρ½֪Щﱳһ䡸㲻Ҫҡ̾Ϣһʮǰ⺢Ӿϰ
ϾЩ£Ϊ֮٣ҪȴԷĲþ
½ù£ôࡣ´ˣ֮Ǻ˾ӲʾͲҪǿЩˣ̸ġ
СŲߣֱۣƺҪƺǣ֣ȴֻǣס½ǣᡸšһ
ͣ½½ܶƿĻǵӲŰ˿ڣҸɾЪЪЩ
ҪҶͻȻץֱۡ
½һü˼⣺ȥ̲ηʲô
һͰ͵ȥҡ
½ԥƬ̣üģ˾ͺá
ֽ̲ηѺǧвҩ˽½̫ݵæȥ
̲±½޹أĳϵةѹȥֻܿǰաΪ̫ݵλͬգǲ̲ηҪҲû˸
ηڲּÿηһϢǰȴκηȻΪ﷢ߡ
½ѯʲ飬õĴǣǰЩһˮòɾֶӡû˿þ˱ءΪ̫࣬߰ɡ
䣬һֻˮû󿪣Ҳ͸˻ֶӣηＸһ⣬ϲô򵥡
½̸ܻߵˣ֪ļ˸̽·ԼηƬ֮½ܶߵ˼Ƕ˵Щʼθëʱ˲ɾˮûܵס
Щ޴󰭵½ѺġסԽãԽء
½˼ηסӵȷ࣬סʮ꣬Ҳ̶ֳȡ
½̫֮ļηˣ½ףϳľ̲Ψʶһ۸ꡣ
ΨԼģȴûԼһͬ͸ߵýһЩǼǰˣ½Ҳ޷ȷ
½ֱܲԼķ֣Ҫǵʳס
ΨΪѵ⡭ʲôǵǳǾġ
ûмǵ֪ǷϹƣ½ڸģ
ץ͹½Ψ±ܵתµĻʳ
ÿһѲףûвˣ׶Ƿùģܳԣˡ
ˣ
ǣһμҶӣüǰˡ
˼ˣͬĻش½ܵ飬̲ηÿյĻʳģ
Ψ֧֧᣺⡭Ļʳš
һͣÿ׶һס꿪ھͱʳʣˮһ롣Ϊ̲ù٣Ҳǲô
˵ʡµǮȥ˱£
Ƭ̵ľŹΨߵ½ǰηöȵȷ¹УȴС½̫˳ЩH»ǲҪʵĺãȻͷԼûкôģηˡ
½򴽲˼Ƭ̣뿪η
صϣ½ţٴûǴáһѻǵ˻ȥţߵ½ߡ
½ҲߺԼˡλ£ԤףұϾӲܡȥЪŰɣ롣
꾲Ƭ̣Աߣ⿪۲Ľᡣ䣬¶һ˫ȴ
ڸ½ܻʶ˿Ǻ⣿
ɣ뿪꣬оɲػвҪְڸʲôãزѡ
½ܴһкãؿ⣬һǲһôұָӣǺԶ㵱ꡭ
ᶨظһ飬Ȼ½˫ȹǰڰǣ˺ıΪʲôܡȻûһһ䣬򱳣һġ
½üãĶԷļ磬ڱ߾ʱ˵Ҫҿһֱ㡣Դ̾ǰԴ㣬ʮʮ꣬ǰļ䵭ˣ㲻Ϊϲ㱾¡
һ飬ͷҧ̧ͷץסԷ֣ǵġôˣұġ½̸ҵġ½Ҫҵģѷֲˡ½µΪݻǱ߾Ϊ񡪡ں½ȻҲںںġ
½ҰĲСҪ֪вĻɱ㡣
ˣҲиԸվǰһˣײ½ܻͽźһûù½ģǰƭƭҺòã
½Ȼӿ죬ͼܣȴöԷѹøʵ̵¶һ糺գôƭ


87 
գ ȥ
յçײθǵ㵽ֹᴥ֣Ҳʹ˸ζ½ܴʱӲת ܵ˳ŶԷļӦ žһȦٽϵһ
壬 ½ܿҪѳֲס ӲŤͷ̴ٵغšһЦǵͳдԵĻ½ܻƭˡ
½ܣ
糺˲Ӹ ̧ԷѨ ȴʱ㿪һԵϣд˼У󴵸ɽ½ܣڶ Ҳ֪ʲô˽θࡣͷֶǿεģ Ҽһɡ
½ܳĬã ڽֽ
֪ ʲô ܹסġ
գ층ȥ˾ݵ£ ½ϵ˷ֱдšҹס½ ᱧ½￴½ܼӲ׼ʱ뿪 Ҳˡ
³գ ½ڸϰһʫᣬ 뾩ٴŸŮμӡû ̫֮;ӵв˸뿴á
Ȼֻ˷ϯʫͽǷûʲôرġҴոǮҲͻȥˡ
ȴһЩ˳ٳٲߣɢò࣬㲻Լͬϵ·á
ʮԱۺãǿ˴˵ٸнš
ǰ̫͢ްţЩ֮˱߽⣬ûʲôͷһеĿԼ֧ţеµµΪеĽסةӲʩĻӪ
½̫ٴνǾ£½̫ô֪һģ̫ӵº½̫;ô
˰Ʒ£˶໰ܿ죬½ܴúŸߴȴ˫۵ˡ
ǰͷΨϳˣ㡢㲻η
½һͷֹסĻ˵ټλ½ĳҲ֮Сλǡ
۲
һľţ˭ϲŭɫ˾ɴʱ˿Ҳ޷ڲ졣Ƭ̺˾̫ӵ£
ӦһǳǳһЦгǸ˵͹ְ
ű˳µأ˷׷ݡҪ⼸ľ߸ϹԵɣò㡣ʣ¼Ȼƽβ빬Ѹ£⼸޸ƯƼղʥ׷氡
ʱ򡣡̧ʾ⼸곯ƣλ֪Ҳ֪Ŀģֱ࿹ʤˣҲʧء
µҰǶԣǡľơ
ô콫ةĳͻϣڹԱЩ졣⼸ʼչעж֪λʱɼڣʶ½̫λǰ֮ãλģҹÿһ仰ӣ鷳ֻϣ֮࣬Ϊ²Щ֮ġ
ƽͣȴʱ½ܣʣΪѡ½
⻰ͼԣ긵ݺ½ܣﲻơ
һ½ӻӦл֪Էλã㳯ˣȫ׵ʦ֮½ܰţȴһŪҲվҲǡ
֮󣬸˽͵ǰ½ᣬǶ˵ĶԹһ˽ﳥ½̫һţȻѷǵС
ţ½̲ܽηļŽһ顣Ψ棺ǰͷ˼Ҫ̲ηʡ֧ǽ̰һ飬ŭŸĴĻʳʡܹ黧ֻôЩӡ
䲻Ҳ֪νġͷ˭ĹԱֶٶп֧ˡ
Ҵûꣿʲôõģ
ǹµǰˣǸʲô̴ǡ³ѰɵĴ
ش֮֮УɽԴڶϣʵԳʩ⣬ȻѰ
ʣȻǰˣΪҪԴԴӸ֧ȡ
ҡҡͷֻ촬һ£úǮ㲻ӳˡ֮ʲô»Ҫ̽顣
ˣԱ˽ؼ䵳ĲƲ֪ؿ˿ôǮ˭
ʱȻҹ½һ𽫹Ա͵šһ뿪꽫½ܿ˵Ľס
½ܻһȴһͬģǶ޵Ϣ㿴Ƕַҡû˵ʵʲô˽³þһҲ塭
½ԭЩԳ仰ɫȻһƬ̣ͻȻߣҪ˵ʲô˵㻹壿ûҲ޷ʲô
ʮ㶼Լûӵ¾`ңԵʱջôԶ㡣
价ŵûмᣬڷ˵ĻҲڶ˵ûҾô
ù½һֻ֣Լؿڣֿˣʼ¼̾˶£ҶһģұһУһһˡⲻΨһָô
ɿֱۣ˰벽ɤɳƣǸҲ֪Լ˺ޡ½뿴ң߾ˡ
½ܼǸϹŤͷߣ·ϤЩ̤½֪ܲǵĻģؽסȵȣ
ߣ½ܲȥԸû󶯿ӣЩŲסˡе㶹пɣŪһ֪ҵĿζϵٷЩΡ
һ㶹󣬸꽥Цͷܣ·Ҳϵˡ
½ܵ͵һ̾ݼ¼˵òŵȵ걧һ˵Ĳ߽ʢһ½ܡ
ôãĥĶӣ½ܳ⣬ͷ㳢ǱϵĻЩ
ǡͷƺЩ˼һԵӵĥĶӣɱ㡣Żӵȥûˣȥļ˴ӳ
½ܱͷЦ
۳֮µһ
嵭ҴǰĿζٶЩٱѰ˵ĿζЩˡ½þһ룬һֱЦ⡣
һԣڵỺ᣺ʵ½ǱͰ嵭ʱľѳɹѡԼϲĿζˡ
ôѡ
½룬Сۡ
ûֻжˣóϲ
ӸнӹȲ裬߶ʱˣ̫࣬òˮڰɡ˯£緹Щʲô
šȾͺá½ۿϡ
ãҶΡ
գ½ϳʱ̸ֱһֽ˵ة౾˻䵳𣬶ûʲô̰īļ¼ûʲôֵǮĲҵ
˵úҵһСΪɵֿʼڵϽԲͽĹȥǺʲ١
ĹԱ˵ֲ㣬ûץ׳Ŀ˲ɢʿϴȥ
˵ĳλʵۺةһ֮ǰة࣬ͼ̸á
һƺûʲôԣƺ͸Ź졣ʵ۽˳ȻҪɵٽɼ˴Ҳǲο໹ҪǮѵ֮бģ
½ڳ϶ة̽ΣԷ˻չͣͣҢãǱةฮۡ̽ϢȻҢȴš
ǰ֮Һ½ܲٲ볯ָֻݣҲͲҪҢõıĴŶڻ˱߾ӵıƣؾݵֻá
ģǾǾݵĹȻھǣ½ϵš
ʱ½Ʒ裬Ա߸硣δɼ䣬ȴٳٲϿ˵£ֻһ
ô½ĸļ磬Ѳݸˮˣȥһ°ɡ
ҧҧҲʹҢõô
һ㶣ҢáҲǳе¡
е£䣬ͷи¯ӣɣȥ·Ҫҵġ
½ɨһۣ㳯ͷ޷˵ɡ
ŵϸһΪĸҪȦأǾˡûգ棬֮һǧ桭涼ûˣ˵Ҫ
ɣҲҪôǸңȥˡةĸۡ
һַǳ̵ķ֮ҢùСѰ˽ⷿηòȼ̣ײ͵ýһʧ
ǹٸձòⶫǽˡжҪһǧȦ
꽫¯ţʣʱɿȥ
½ܣͷſڣװڳˡ͵͵ģͷˮƬˢǽᡭԣȻɫģ
½ͫһ˼Ƭ̣ȻȥɴݾߡҪ͸Ҫš⣬ĵģЩӡ
ȥˣ½ܼ̽ǹ´ϣȷ֮ȷн
½أֻˣʵҪҢõˣʲô㣿
½ɫأҴȥһɵۿʲôϵӵֲԼڷЩ
ǳЦǾͰһСáڼң⣬򲻹ܲôһǹġ
㣿½üһϹӣʲôҡ
ԣһѳ۲㸮ж糣鲼˭֪Ϲӣ˵۾ˣλУҾڣǶҲȲң
½˫۶ӣ̫ⷺӵ£Ҳǳ档
ƺһ£漴Ц½˵и̣£̧ͷҵ˽⣬õ𣿡
úڳ̫ҿһڱ߾̾㲻ˡǰߺ֪ҡ
Ŀͷģҡ
½ûлػֻǾǰķˣ굹˲ݸȷʵϹ½ܽҪӹʱȴջأС˼ڣ·ŻضԷߡ
ϴҲڳףپܾ㻹ǵõסӲҪס½¶õĲˮֻҴϲȱҪ͵۰ɡ
л˵


88 
죬 ½ǿܵʱڣȴʮˬεУһҲ۵Ĵֻ 򶫷ʻ
ٸ촬 ʵ̲ԶѰõĴҪװش֮ֻ˼ˣ С㹻ˡ
ϳ½⣬ ҢΪһۡ
½ܿڼװϣ ۸һҴϴһ飬 ȻͷץĿä֮˵һЩʱȻᳵ·
һ͵½½ٷΣ ֲ̫٣ Ҽǵˡ
½Цӹ㲻ô
ҡѴҵʢ ٳԡ
˵ֽ˴գ һŰ ½ߡ
½æµΣ棬 ͻأʣϴ˵ ǰȥ ʲôˣ
ͣ£ ˻һ磬 ͵͵Ļػȥݡл
½һᣬ 
лʲô˼ϸ룬ֻһһĺˣǰڳʲô
Ҫ⡸꡹ĶҪһĸԸȥЩ֪ļһҺõȬò࣬ʣһ˫۾ˡ
ͷԸ
ŸУ½תͷ̣ʱ˳ʲô
ԹЦЦϹˣԼӡֻǵۣ߲·Ĵִ
ЦһĻ½ͷɬָ̧ƽüģʣ۾Ķܽô
괹ǳЦҡͷҲ֪ˣҲʲô½ӣҶˡ
½죬ƺлҪ˵ȴһĺϣˣˮˡ
һ׷ȥӴӼװ¿ѻһˮҲ˵²ĲֿѾˮˡ
˻æ⴬Ҫˣǿ
ȵȣ½̧ס밶̫ԶʹŲȥ㣬ǰײʲôûУΪλ©ˮ
ͷûûаײʲôиоġ⴬Ҳģ©ˮ
ǡ֪ˣͻȻűܣûסȥ
վס㡭½ܻû˵꣬ͼһͷˮ
˵ֿôޡϸһ룬ƺȷްġ
γҪһյĴֻͨһˣ⵽ٳ֣Զڴˮܡ
ϴʱǷսΪƾɣֻý͡˺ˮѹͬ۶Ҳпܡ
֮󣬸ˮ̽Դں尶ϵҵλˣյˣ޲ǵװϵȰɣ
ҪһڻέܣٴνˮС
˼װ壬ֻ½¥ݡСʱ͵شˮĴѲϣڲٽˮһѲֿˮҨȥ
ȥôû¥ݵķߣ·ȴͻȻס˫ۣһ**ˮ
½һæˮȥסˮ˵ˣ
ûûУۡ½һţŶ
½ܽ۲ȴ˫۾кϼװ壬ͨҽڿ˿Ҳ֪ʲô״
ֻ÷ԸȥֿеˮԼ갲Φ£ˮ塣
½ЪţùңûǶ껰ǰϿ˵ºˮҲףô¡
½Ľ˫ѾϹˣٴ߳ʲô
ڽһʱ䣬岢ֻ˫۳ţԼҲӦˡ
ϵˮŸɾ˼գڵνɵ
طԶѰĵȦ˰ءڳװڲ㣬С˶Ŀ¼ڼװ۲쵺Ρ
һڽ볤޼ǲԴɫݶΧͥԺݣв¯ˮþߡ
ֵǣڵϳֵùˡ齺̾ߡͥԺҲͰˣ֮кɽ֮䶼ǣ˷ѽ⡣
һ½ܲûһЩ룬νЩûȥ롣
תһȦڴӵĳ߽Ǵҵ˽հ塣Щر߰ڷţƺտʼ죬ǰڷŵķʽȻ뽫Χ
ݵĻѰդ㹻ˡҪýհ壬ֻΪḻصˣͱֹõԴܵĶ
ôСһױһǧհ壬ȷࡣ
˴ûڵ½ĥհʱϵĹע⵽ԷʲôģԶ㣬ǹٸĵط
ǸǸǾǴģðүߣŹ
иϹӡ
ЩȻϵ½̫Ļӣ½ܻĪǣæת
¿˵Σ½䲻ȫȷԷҪԸʲôˣ˭ܹ롸ɵĳ㣡
þؾƹص߽¸֪ʵۣɻʵ۱ֹ
СȥЩʱգ½ܱ㿿ڴϣλ
ڼ丵һֱĬԣ½֪˫۵ʹûȥҲʲôȻ⼸նֻʹǱ̣ϰúҽΡ
Ȼ½ָܷʹ࣬ڽһʱ͵͵ʡȥ䣬Էȴһ˵û£Ҳٹܡ
ҹ½ܰҹշת࣬ʹ**
æݣһϹȥ߽˿ǵͨ죬ڴ
ôˣﲻ½ȥס֣ԷȴʲôµĶһ˲ֳߣסԼ
½ɻֽ̧⿪۲ֻ˫ۺ׳Ѫä˰ȴתš
һˮҷϼװ͸͸ټּա
𣡡ͻȻǡ
ӣ½ܲΪλǲ˰æĻû졣½ַȴڴֱ۵һɲǣҵ˦
Ҫҡ
齵һǣ˫ϥͷڱˣ½ԿóĲһֱ쵽źȵĲ޷ôĻζ͡
ټϷһپܾӴ
أ½ʲô
꣬½ļ򣬸һ·࣬ˮ¶˼ǲǣմ˺ˮ󣬶ܽˣ
ƴҡͷҪȥԷ֣ȴǸ׽סȫǿ©־䣺ԼԹˣá˰ɡҲʲô½ſңˡ
½˳㲻ָǰһȥҹܹܲȥ˵
˵ţϵҽݡ
һ·½ܽŵԼʱҲõȥزƺڿƲסס˫磬ͻȻƵ
½ϵȥˡƬ֮󣬶ȴͣ£һֻԼգ÷͵˫ϣ½ƣҲˣң
½ߣǰᳵ·£Ҫʱ򷴵ˣ
ָ׺ԼģȥţԴ飺Ҳٷˡȥ£ԶԭԼٷĴ
½ܲԣһֱֻۣͨչɫ°ڶѵ齡ᵭڣ˺е༸ջ󣺡ⶾѣؿôءùܶΣҽһΣ㲻ʲô
Һ㲻һ½ֱܼԼһһҧʣֻŻ¿أҲھҸˣ˭νҲŲˣǰֻһƭģΪҵڰŽС㣬ΪҺ㡢Ҫ𣿡
ʲô
½ܱ˱ۣȻǲ
Ժ˼ңڲǾЩʱ½ܲ˦һ䡸治õĻ߰ɡȴԷͬʱʵ½㻹𣿡
ʲô
㣬ҹȥĴкôٶ㡣
½ֻһ£Ȼ
Ǻã껺½ɷͷһһٽ


89 
½ܳӣ ڴһǺ죬δеӰ졣װֵصڵǱȷԼİȫ
һӺ ͷ Ŷ롣ʱš
ƽϣ סȫ ˫һ´̶ڴͷ
ǡ½һʺѪɫ齱ߡƫƫͷ°ָߵһľСȡ򿪣 һ߰ġ
 ͣ壬ľУϸ 
ҵĶ࣬ ֮˿á
½һݣ ƿһǣ ƳϷ¡
ͷų˸ɾ Լ ˽Ƕȣ 淽úܡ
ˣ ǶҲδĺʲô Ҳȡ֮Ժ ޷Ϊ
ȥͼֲԼĴ ڲף޷İ취Ҫйޣ
½ߵĮúúһΡ͵ǰҽⶾôԡ
⼸仰ʱ½ܵ˼䣬ӾȵģٵͬΣܿƽССһȴЩǹ©ڵذϣ˲ҹسˢֻһĺСޡ
Һ޵ǰŽСЩ£ɱˡ㲻ɱʱ򣬵ƾź⣬Ҳȥɱ㡣γ徻
붫𣬵ʱʮһꡣ
Һ޵ģʮһꡣ
½ܵһ׿˵ĺ⡣
Ϊʲô˷Ѹ飬ֻˣڱ֮ĺޡ
ӵһμһиѪһйȵùΪ緢£Ⱦ˺޵ɫ
ǰЩֻ꣬Ңãݣ´£ֻҪȥ룬Щ˽ܵĺͿԶڼ
û̾Ҳȥʲôˡ
Բ𣬶Բ𡭡
Ļ϶̶忪ʼѪ˿ڻѪ۽¡޷ͷǱģһࡣ
½һʲôˡⶾҪȥ
˵Žӣ˫ȲһԼһֻŹȥԶȥ
һ£ǿвӶԷĶܲµͼ˻ƵȻôңΪʲôΪʲôҪңΪʲôί
ί½ֽ̧ϵĴӣﲢǰŽСίʲô
Լ˳Ƶ£Ȧס
Ϊе˰Żеޡ
Ѫ£ڵͫʶǰˣʲôҲȴ
ӣ𣿡
½һֽľаϣһһѡ
ʮһѡ֧ŵ˫κһζ׾ȴҲº̰͡ϣڶԷĺɨ
½ܵͺһһ㱻һǶûһпܵ죬ֻǸ֮࣬첻
Ī˵ʮծǼʮꡭһҲˡ
㡭

½ֱ˯£ΪⶾֻҪһξͺãⶾҪľ˵ȫֵ׳꣬ѹ̫ã½ܽӵĽ۸飬ͷͷˣŵ˯ȥ
½ܻۣûʰ˯ˡʱ磬ԼʮָɾǶҴ
Ŷͷշһ춯ſڱ㴫½ˣ¯࣬Ҷ˽ɣ
½ܡšһްѪۣҵķҲʰˡƬ̺ƿû۲˫ۻָɣǳǳһЦչ͸ء
ꡭδȫѵ½ǰˣһʱ˽ϦϦ
̫ûԶˣ档ûӣԼҨһף˴͵ߣղ̵㻹ڹһ˹½ʢһûεġյ·̣˰ϡ
½ͻȻ˵ȥӺһڣ۾ˣϻ඾ô
һ㶣ʵ۾ҴͷŶܵصӰ죬ֻ׿ҹ֮ȫĶһʧˡﶼã½ġ
½ܵͷƽǾͺãҹûڣҲطˡ
òڵĻȴøʱס㡢˵ҹҹֻǡֻΪˡ
ֻΪⶾ
ѵѵҹƭҵģⲻܣԻ̾Ǹӣм٣Ϊʲôϡ
޴룬״Ρ
½ܷ뻺̧
Ҫ겻Ǻˣͨ
һ£ɢһ¡Դ󷽳ĵ㺣׸κγŵ
ܿ˼ͷĬ߼׵롣Ȼû߳䣬ͷĴ󺰣½ӣˣ׷ˡ
к½ܳѹûüϴɢţ¥Ҫȥװ壬ȴקס
ȥ򲻹
½ӭչֻۣװʮƷ׳ӣʽǡٸˡ
ںȥ˼װϡҢ书ǿҲں޽䱸ǰԹѵڣǳ˼б׷ס
һ˸ʣ½ܺͻ̾ģ
ʲô½ǲ֪
Ʊ磡óһֽǿǻһ䣬һǸϹӣǴϿģģ
½ΪҶȶ
ţȥա˵ţ½ܾܡ
ǲµò߲δΪ޹֮ˣֻǽڼװϣȻµѲ顣ͬʱ˶գ½ܴέܣȻ˲ڲ⡣
պС˼һ½ܹϲţһС۲ͷΡ󣬸סġ
½ܲءǷǣͰǶɱˡϸ黰½ܲϡ
½ܱ˱ۣεֻء֣Ҳᱻװϵ˷Ҷ˼ڣҲѵôЩˡ
ټҴӣû뵽ϾפŽƾòܱ֮ˣ˵̬ء
̫ٵĺǣһ֣ͺѡ
ǡǻ𡭡ҪƵġ½ܻͷԷԴŴڼѹʲô
½ƿĿ⣬ѽϼдýͷڣֻҪĸһ˻Ϣͻؾǡ
һ٣˷֣Ϊˡ
˵Ҫƭʲô
ͷ䵹죬½ÿһ˴ˣװϻֻҪװˣͲֱӴˮߡ
ĬУǰ˿˫ۻס°ͷϣ˵ʱ;½ΪУʲô
Ҹոռ꣬½ϻȻȥӽ㣬һͬ㿴ҵı¡ͲٵǺӻѧǶصˡ
ӮͣҪչӡ½ǱʦһܾҺܻչ˵ģ˽ϲãչ˵΢Ȼϰߡ
ʱģҾѧǰıֶΣҩͱƴֽҵǰʹѡ㻹ǾܾҾͽȥ͸˵ҪȢҵ̫һҴһ٣ǬԪţ½˵ˣĿܿ࣬顣
ֻҪ½ڣҵˡ
֮û˭ǡҲںô˵ֻһӺ½һǲҪһ
Щ¡Ȧסֱ۽ţһû;ʱǲķˣ
½һֱڿͷΣЩϻֻһ䣬ֱյô⣬滰ƭ㣿

ƭĻ˽ңЩ£ҵķӦžҲ̸һһǸʱңҲϣˡ
⻰ûοɫţ滰أ
滰ǣ½һһЩڡ꡹ʱ֮ڣ꼸ʮһ֪ҽҩ
ŷ䵹˵ĺƬء
굱Ȼף½οҪ𣬲Ҫһнܾܾ޳
ǲģ˴ˣжôܣߵһһȴʲôҲ£ʹ˷ֵ
֮ûκǣתãã˺ϲô죿
ˣȻץס½ܵ˫磬ǿӲذǽϡ½ܵȥºͲ࣬ƺԶֹͣ
½ܺܿʧȥģ̧Ҫƿȴǯסǽϡ
긩ߣɳƵ½£òã
л˵


90 
½ΪٺһΡȻ֮ǰΣ ʱΪ˿ƺãҹһΣǰĽ
Ҳ˵ʲô Զֹòô򵥣 ̬ȡλúʱ䣬Լķϻ
Ҳҹ µȤڣ ΪǣҶǡ룬ӦҲͬĸܡ
֮ʣ˱Сڰĵط£ ½ܾǸ⡣Щ˿Ҫˣ Ҳ֪ܸܲıٶȡ
Ѱ
ϵ˼һ˲ðģ˭֪˵ȴǣ
һǿˣҾͳȥǴ򣬰Ѽװϵ˶ʱ뺣ˮͨţ ˮصװ壬 пվ;£ûվԼұõľ⸽е죬 ֻҪ˵ ǾҲˡ
Ѽװ봬֮ϣ ҾɱǶԸң취صװϣ Զˡ
½üͷ ʲô⣿ԼǱɣ
ҵȷɣ Ҳضܻţ ˭Ҳɡ ½ͨı㣬 Ӧÿóġ
С½Ҳܿ
һû˵ꡣ½һֱԸΪΣҪһ㱨ꡣ
ǰǰˣƽ뿪պ˰ҵʬ̳֮Ҫᡣ
½һҡ
û뵽˴󵨵
Ӧңòã˵ǱȻȥҪ¡˵š
ŲתӲſ⿴𲻴ӦҪһȥġԸ⣬͸һһԲˡ
ҴӦ㡣
½ûʲôǣͻȻ˵⻰
ûжֻǱվţ޷Ƽĳ鶯½ܽתۣЦȴ糯
䵹ԽԽӦ˽ӽˡ
˵ģ㡭ҪƭңҪ
תȥյš
½ۼֿ죬ץסԷ󣬽һһֹֻ䣬Ѹٵʲô𣿡
õʱҳȥܰǶҹˣ㻹ߣԥǿһҲɣ
Ϊʲôһţ㿴װˣ½ûбС°ָŲ⣬ͣ¿ǲҪ˴գװϱֵأǾ͡
ôҶһſңҳȥԸǣ
У
ƴ½Ȼ򲻹ٳ֣ϥǼѨλϵһͨѨգ֫ʱˣȥ½ܽڻ
½ΪʲôԹ
½˲ۣûлشֻĬĬصŴͷĶ

ǰﱻƵŴʲôѣ
ͬʱ½͸һ˿϶װ˳¥ӡ
ϲţ뺣ˮͨȣˮӿͬʱ⿪ѨһˮС
ڣĴѰ߷ܴ򿪵СţǿһС죬ûͷΣˮӿ롣æŶ»ȥ϶ﲻܲˡ
װһµѰĶ顣ע⵽װ봬ͨ¥ݿڣűϡ
ʱļװϣѸˮ棬ϴһ±סšţΪں⿪½ȥЩߵĴϡ
ǵĴͬС죬λȰߡ
˿תƵһҴϣǿŴĵн
ʪʰƵڴⲽȻץס½ܵ䣬ҡͷСûסǣǺܴܿӴҴȥױǷֻصϣ
ǵȻҴϰ½ܵ˵ǱҲϲҴˡ
ڶ˵Ѹ͸ʱˡһƬǰŴŵĵ죬½ػмյĴ̣ʤҵθӡ
ڰϰѴ½ܵ
˼ôѹ޷ƶҪ˷ͱ볹ױ
λҢõֵܣȥΦ۶ϣģѼװòŵĵطˣ״Һ½ӽɽҵԵģ
ɫȫСĿȫǣαװɴӣããˮϲۡϴĵˮʳﲻ࣬޷֧ôЩ˻ص½ء
תƵɽЪϢһҹڵϲɼʣ췵
죬ҶƣûʲôһŵùǺɽ˯¡ҹֵص£½ȥϢϾԼ춼˯ȥģ⡣
½ɽڣҹɫʣǶڡôȪˮմʪӣˮƤϵټеʹҹĻ¡
һûûˣз˵Ļ
̣½ܰˮһĨǿдϷ˼ʱȴˡ
һ˺þãʲô곯ЦЦ˳µؿϡ
½Ȼӿ죬ֽŲʹ֪ζܡŤͷǻȥʱաɵϵ֪ץסǣὫϢͻؾСʱδؾص¶ʲô
ҲŲЩЦϰߣЩ·Ͼˡ޷ǾϻȥһϰϵפصҢãðͻؾǡҲ£½˿ѾŶд˰ɣ
½һ㶣겻⺢ӻô˽
ôõҹɫǲǸģ硭껺ͷγڴˣ½Ӧҵ£Ļ𣿡
ᡣ½˵ѣسŵ
ǣǰ㣬յøôֵҪ½ΪҪӦ
ôֵҪ󡭡
񣬵ȷЩ֡
½ܱĿ̵ˣתͷȥԶĺ棬Ҵ֮ԭҲһˣҪһֲʲô
ƭˡתԼҪȥȺϡ
½ƵˣһƣأΪǲҪľٶǰһɵһΪջܽ𣿡
ҵ£Ҹʲô㲻ҳȥǺܿһǣ
ʵģȻشҡ
ʵģ

ͬʱֹסĿԣз
ã˵򴽣ȻһɤӣֱΪ½ںˣֻҪƽҸҲҪҶ½⣬񣬴δı䡣
ˣˡ
ش˵Ҳ֪½ܲʲôֻ䣬ôԼϷ
Ϊ᲻ã½תֻһ󱳣Ҳ£㡣Ͷ·ҾͺһȥаշĸҶһҲǺˡ
ҹ˳ϴƬɳ̲һòǱĴֻǳʯкʱҲζݵǿü԰ںǰ㣬ˮԶ췱ǹһޡ
ӳʮֵһᡣ
ΪʲôӦᡭ½촽˶ɫ졣Ҳһֱ׳رĵĸܣѡ
ꡣתǰһָ䣬½ߣ˵
½̧ۣȴɽȥֵܱ߳һ£ͻ
л˵
Сѳܡ
˵
ܣ˵
۵Сjpg
õ˵QAQ


91 
½ԭСʱ ŵȵ֣ɽߡ
һСɽ½һȥ죬 ɽҰáϸŷ֣ κǴϵģĹɽɵģ λֻǿûдֵľͷ Ҳøƫɫյġ
ֻһĴɫڸ
½ܶʱʲô
Ǻˡ
ĵϣ˭Ҳ֪Լܻ졣ǰҪҪˣ Ȼۼᣬ ͷûС
ڣղů½䵭ݡԣɫԽԽڻˣ ð ȷªȻȥٲһ ڡ
֪һ磬 Ϻ򡣸꼱æȥһʯ һ£µ𣡡
Ҫˡ½ߡ
˵ Բ ҲáҴʮһգ Ļ ҹϡ
½ɽſվ ̧ͷ ӡϰϰ˻Ĵʯ
½
㿴½ǳǳЦˣҪ춼ǡҪأؾǰ
ô˵㡭Ը⣿
š½ܵ
꽫кݸһˣɽԡϴʢ¹ڣã°ݡ
֮½תԷȴͻȻȥߵڵء
ǡʲôأҲҪ𣿡½һ㶡
ã겢δ̧ͷŻһݣҹžͺá
½˼ߵعһԼɵظŵԷҪ̬
˵ȥµĴ޷ֲԸһ
½һ£һҾ͵Ƕĳʦ񡣴ӽ֮Ǳ㲻ʦˡ
񻹲һݡ
໰渵ԲһֻѶ˾ĿǷƹȥɸƫ飬վƬ̣ٴι¡
һ򼫾΢°ʱӼڵϣͷײʦھ಻ˡ¡
ˡ£
½ǰݷˣָŽСЩ
ǰЩ·ʱִĺӣֻϧʹģˣ־䵭͸˳ʲôϵٺΪˣŸܵʵġ̹ǵĺ⡣
ȥˣ֮ǻ˶ٴΣȥعǰİŽС־Ȼζˡ
˵ԭ£ЩԾúޣʹľȻżξպ굨ٶԻιЩ䷴׽δ˵á
ֻվڴʱ˵ػؿŽСÿһ졢˵ÿ仰ÿһһģʱʹģԲԸıµľˡ
½ܾãһ񣬷ץס˫ۣʵȥϻлʦҲлˣҲˣʲôҪģǹˣǻһ԰ݡ
괹һһȻЦ
ûˡ
ڣɽ˴ˣִһˣ԰ݡ
ɡ
Ǿþõʧ죬ЦЩɵзˮ⡣
½Σǰһס˫磬һ£ˣ
ûеõشֻõһ׾೤ǣκԣһѹһĨĶˡη
ͬԴǳɽǰľη
½˫ĿبƵĺ֮䣬ڻ̵ɽϣһȵǡ
һ˲Ȼ⣬Լǰо֮ΪԽⶾ֮²ԣΪֻҪ鷳һ֮޹ؽҪ
ôõ°
ɽ΢ֻڱ˴˻ϾҲû¡
ѼʣʱִƬĵ
ɫ״Ҳˣٷϲļէȥ洬졣˳漾洬ڵҲУۡѰǵټڶ洬ҳңҲǲܵġ
ûûҹػ࣬ںϺķգִ˴½
ϰ½õصҢþݵһǮ󼴿̽дõŽɰͳȥǾݵ㣬ڰϢͽ
ܾʹиͳϢֻܸѣûжٿŶȡҪڶԷ֮ǰȡʩ½ܱԻؾ
غڰؾǼ·̣ǳ˿ҹЪϢͻ֮ûһ̲·ϡִﾩǺ½ܴҴһϳ빬
Ź磬ǬԪȵʵС;ţϻƵɵȫòͼ
ŶοĵǰЩͽ޻û£ԭݵϢ
һ̬ȣ½³ɣȴڵϼþߵĲ״ı졣²£ľء
ƺмִ˸εתͷЩһ֮ԣ֤
½ܵδɣԸϵ쿴
ȷϣʵϵֻΪ˲쿴ǶĳЩϲ֮˵ľ档Ȼΰڰ֣޿ɲֱӽжʲˡ
Ը½̧£δǴݾߡ
޻ǲɣ⼸
½ôȰס׻ǳȥˡȴ϶ʵȴͻȻһؾǸĻ̾ɣ
½δϵȻû£ֻõݹ鸽֮»βڽ֮ǰԻھǡ
֮ͻˣλ½ܣǣ״ʲô˼ʲô͸óȥ˷ˣ޲Ĵ
½ܴʵΪ̾׵ԴǣŻʵ۽˵ʣ˾֮ѱֻα仯ڸԣǡ
Ӳϻȥԭ򣬳Լµõ̷̫ӵ½ʮ꣬Щʦֻ֮꣬ݣǾĿס
ôǱһּߣּܿô
ǲУιҡͷݹ鸽֮ף̾ʹ޹ʸߵĵ
½ܾ֪ܾ飬ȥ²ּ뾩ǾԽˡ
Щˣ½ܣ֪Լ壬Ҫô죿㲻ǲ֪ھǾǸ޽ղɱҲҪɱ
ȥɱꣿ½Ǹ֪Ūصĺӣһ顣
˼Ƭּ̣һдһ飬Ȱ뾩ɡ
飿Ц޺
Ǵ⡣겻ͣʵûʲôޣϾѪ㲻׽Ҳؽ޵СΪ˸ԼҶ뾩ȻЩ֪꣬Ǹġ
תתյͷֽ½ܸǰһƣдͰ˼ӡͺˡ
ɡ½ҪĻױдƺҪǹ񡣡
νŽɣǰҪдˣ½ܵӡһ
½ʱ΢΢һ
ʱĹԱҲˣͱܵļˡó½ܻͼǣԥѣûʵֱ˦һ䣺ǲϣޱϵʱة໹ǣ
ͱ˴ֽ˱ûҪϾةһ죬Ҳ󲻹ʵȥǽҲֻǡةԸΪʲôҪڵװЩԱҲ˵塣
ʻϣ½ܵǿҪ£ʵͬЩԱڹһҹʣ¶ˣ½ּܵȥصة֮λ㡣⣬ҪΪ̫ӡ
һ̫嶯ľ½ܲȰΪǶİš
޵˼ôָؿڴ˷Ƿ⡸项ѻ̾ߣûУ
½ģ֣һ񣬡ףպض¾Ϲᡣ

½뿪ʹʱӽֱӻ˸ϡþϢձЩŲס
˸ۡ½ԷȥߵĻǣЪˣ
컹ûڣ۵ѾЪˡϻȴһȥԺйˡ
ʲô½üͷʲô磿
½˿ϡ٣Ͼǵ̫ĸۡԺ䵹ûٽʱĳԺſڣƣĸѰſصʹʣ㷽˵סˣ˻Ůˣס˶ã
ǿԱŵˣǡˣסи£
ˡߣ½̫ʲôˣ
ǡ½̫뾩ְסڸϡ
뾩ְôסݿջס½ʲôסʱ½̫ô
⡢⡭
½ܵʱǡζԻɫһӣʲô
걻ץ˰ʱ¶ȣͷûһ֡
µǰ㲻úЪţҲĥ£Щʲô½ܽǰȻϡ
겻źۼסֱۣڨЦ˵°ɡ
Ӳ½ߣøʹӳȥ̽˵ﴫ˲ٹԱұ֪ĻЧˡʹӻ⵽еĹԱʱɳҶȥةฮ
½ɫءȻôԱͻȻѳϢ
ǸϵһֱةฮûʲôҪΪҲ糯ϵˡ
½Էģ糯ϣּҲˡ
ʱߵԷ̺˴齡½һᣬסҪߵĸػ㵽Ժʲôȥˣ
֪ӲߣͷֻǡȻ֪Ҳڵ⼸½йˡ
л˵
ҪˣϽȳԸף
7㡢10ֱһ


92 
½۵ױһ ⻰ʱɢøɸɾ׵ĺＷ־䣺㡢˵ʲô
ͷˣ ҡֻʡ½ǰҢˣ һֱšҲû£ǲ̽Ϣ ȥĺԺ
ͷǧһ ּ䣬½˯⣬ɻԾɷ絶
ҡ˵ Ҫ¡ɳơ
½һ ʵ֮أһҵǣɱˣ꣬⼸꣬һҲû䡣
⻰ǵ˵ģ ȴٿȻ̧ͷ ɴۣã彩һ壬 ƺκ ǵͨ졣
ţ ͷӣ˾ʯ˾ͻȻǸ
½ԣ Ѹһȥ 
ֻô۲ ԡʯһҴ ½̫ ةฮ ةţ˵빬ȥˡӦԿǰִ﹬ſڡ
ةˣ죬ǵôû
ʯεة֪˼ӣߵȻԺֱͨ⡣
½ʣɴʲôʲô
ǴһʲôҲûƼͷʲôȥһҲ£ŵб䣬һ½̫ˡ
ƾʲô㣿߻ˣİɣ
ة빬ҹضҹ˴ּЩ⳼ҲԽҪʲôҲ磬ʱ֪ҵĻǼˣʯһ򣬡֮ʯĳɶи½̫ˣ
½Ƭ̣Ըǣʯ˾ظٰҹ½ϢȥƳһ۹ŵˣʯ˾ΪΣ
ʯ֣ߵףл½̫ȫ
ͣ½Ҫšʵܲסˣĸ꣬ؼȻ˹ȥвʲôƵּǽסǡЪһʱ
꡸šһվǰߡ½Ҫڸˣȴ˵ġֻʡʵһֱʣֻڴ֮ǰûʸˡպ½ˣһԺˣµʱѹи׼ҪңҡҲǡ
½ǿ˵ԽԽףʵûͣڰֵȥЪţЩ¸˵
򴽣ⷺί벻ʣûٶ໰˵ơ

ʱǬԪǲɢʹӡ⳯ĻʵѵȡֽʣԲگ
½ܻɵͼЩԽԽһǳɰҳֽд°گûи½ةͷȨ
ҳֽʼдگ顣
½ô࣬ҲҪԷһ̬ȡ½ָܱĻ̫ӣǶʲôĸ
ûιı£ûʲôҪԼ긻ǿó̫ʲô¡
дһ䡸Ϊ̫ӡġʱһ֨ѽһ۵űƿײϡ̧ͷһʲôſڣЦʮֹ졣
дʲôɱҵگ飿ػǰ
ﹴɵϼŪ̾ߣ뷨޻ΪôЩȥͨˡ
һڵϣͷȫִֽʵ
Ȼͨˣ֮⣬ߣô
벻ͨˣŻʲô
ʱʲôͻȻ𣺡޸Ļ𣿣㵱겻Ǹҩ̹˵ģ޾ϧĲŻΪ㱣;Ȩ㲻֪жĴ۾һģ
ЦĿɫʢ޵ľΪҪȨҩǮñ¿ˡżһΪ¶볯̷龫Щ꣬ѵ㲻֪ҪʲôӶˡ
̧ƺڿƺûС
ؾⲽǰ͢Ĺˣ˵ǿӲѪ֪֮ΪСֻҶ㣬ֻԸ뿪ɵϹֻҶ˵ӣԶĻ檺ͶŮҲص¡ʲôãΪʲôߣ
Ҹˣҵı¡㲻ʶôͱҶˡ
Щɫתգգۣǲʱ˵ƽɭϣΪܵó𣿡
عЦϧͽͣⲻ֪ǰѾ˭
η֪ʣԷĴЩʱ䣬گһС
ɫ԰ף֣ȻЦˡ


һҹûô˯ãȻˣȥϵˣҧûӦԷ˯ģûţҲ֪ʱֻѹ³嶯˷ϴ
ȡմӾˮմ½ܴϵ㣬ڽˡ
뿪½ȥƬ̡ǳӣû˻½̫һû߼죬ֱȥǬԪ
ԽǬԪߣķֲԽϡ衣ĵã첽ţﾹһ˿ء
޹ͻȻƿͷɢҵҡҡλ߳˫Ŀۿڣȴź⣬Ť
ߵǰֱԶһȿգ˴̨Ϲſڵϣһ
½һ۱֪ûȥֻܽݣοǽͷᵽһߣƺȥˡ˻ƣ˺۱鲼Ѫ˰ӣ˫֮ࡣ
½ܹȥ̽̽ıϢˡ
ֵصƵة࣬ʧѪĻʵۡ
ɵϵĽ̾ߡ
½ܺܿ컹ԭҹΣ΢΢ü
⣬żһȳһյǰ˸˻ʵ۶꣬ûô򣬵ϵɫ½ܣҹܱܿˡ
鿴ǬԪڣɫ糣ֻǰĿͶ½ܣСĵʣҪةࣿ
֪ڸ˭ִ֡
½ܳ³ʲô
꣬Է۲ѻ͸ģһܽ
ɱ֡½ܵ
ңɻ󣬡½̫Լָðɣ
½ƫͷѹͻûһ̫ʲôɱةࣿЩҪˡ
ŶҲǡڸתһȦǰ̡ɱһة࣬ȷκɡ
Ҫʱȴһ٣ҹʲô̲˵ȥ⹬ﲻ˵»ô
½һ̾˵ɱ㸸סʮ꣬𣬻֮Ҳˡ
š˵һ䣬ԥؽʯغԣȻѴ˷˸棬װǴ̨
ɱף꽫仰˽ԼƺӦʲôоֵȷûʲôо
ΣʱǵͼҪڴֳȴ½¡
½ԼȽݣҪȷϣջʵۿͷӦǷگ飬дûд
Ϸżֽ½ȡԼҪĶлʵױʰة࣬ƺҲ׶ˡ
һҳһگ顣
⡭
ӣ½ͻȻ
½ܵݸ⼸ִֽӻȡջʵ۵дļ飬һ
ⶼʲô
ɻ󣬿ȴȻס
½˵ʵ۾ةȨתƸҪһĸΪ̫ӵӡΪνگ飬дǡ
Ϊ̫ӡ
ҳֽǰͷıʼһȴͻȻæƺִźܴѹ
ʱӦѾˣ֪Լȥҹʱı⡭
Ϊʲô
벻ף½ܸһţٿ󣬾͸ˡ
ĸ׷ΪΣ֮ʱô
ȱ룬½ܵȻ󼸸ֱʼ죬ֱܷǱ飬ţ֤ݡһõ۲ҳȥȸǿǰҳگ顣ʱҴͷ㣬û˸顣𣿡
ãԷûκηӦ½ܿȥһţͷʹ۽סɫ·ԭء
;ƿݣɢᱡһأ̵İ췺ŵ
Ȼ꽫ǷگһҳȡڵоĻϡ
ּҵּһͬȼϡ
½ʶǰ˰벽ƺҪȥȻֽȴƣûľ
ֻʣΪʲô
ĵصŰֳֽ׻ҽתͷһǳЦ˵ݿֿرĿ⣬γչ
Ҳ½ˡ
һУ뿪½ʲôҲǡһӦǰ˰ɡ


93 
㡭
گ˸ɾ ½üĿ۵ȴӿ˵ʲôֱߣ ֻҧ´ ֱֱǰߴʡȴЦһˡ
˵ףͷȴʣ½̫ ȵۿʲôּ⣿
½ܲüģ Ƿۺ֣꣬һ䡸աǰگǬԪ
ǳʱ ½ҹڹˣ ǰ򳯳֪ʵۼݱϢ
ʲô˱¶ȣȻ念ƺ;Ҫˡ
گȫݾǲةȨ ȻʵûҲûеӣ ֻܴӼ׵Ļθ߸
汻쵽ʱûİľͷأ ˵ԭίһԣ ֻ½̫ ˽ޡ
½ܣ
һǳ̺ƺ½û˼ڣ һս˷ȥ ̫ûɽͶظϡ
Żһյ裬 ͼ걧 ǰ һһ̿ һЩǰź󣬳͢˵֮»˸ة࣬ԲԼ˼֣½õģ
½ɨһݣÿɷ
ĥ䵽ߣͷȴʶץס½ǣҲڽյľҲãҲӦЩ񣬾ܰĺ½һˡ
ᶨ̹Ȼ½ƫҪ˳½ץסԷ֣һʹ˴һֻգȥ۵׵Ĵ
֪꺦µģʼվһ
˽ԼۣĦŶԷļ̾ôôɵ
Ƕͷǣݹˣ㵱ģ
ǵͨ죬УƵ죺ɽҰ֣˼֤½ҪǷڣʲôӣ˵һû䣬ǴǰӣҪˡ
бȥģ½ܱ磬ȴеסԼֱԽԽյƶûˣֻգطڸϣȶÿղϾˡʱúòٰ죬ĺţ㻹ʲôġ
ҿɼˡ
ǸʱԼúúõģ˭֪һֱûü֡ĳûة࣬ʵҲǸ裬еĵӶ½ͷϡԭڳãصĵǲ
б߾δգµﻹ׵ĻʵҪ̡½ܴͷʳͷæβһϢ
ԼʲôϵĶ׽ˣʮͷ˻ĵ𡣾⸱ӣȥ
ֻǹܹʳ˹ⲻòԵ¡Ҳæּ飬ԼºͶԷ
ʱվҲ֣½ôϣϵķֻû˵ˡ
˷ֵҹЩϢʱ䡣Ҫøɻ½ܲò㱨꣬µյĸط裬ƲýŪˡ
ߣһ۸һֱشſϷŹ½ԭûʲôģһθӲҪǰЩˣ½Ȼ˵ҹʱųŲס˯ȥ
磬½ʱſ齱ߣۿġظιˮͷƵǸҲЩ£ǹȥˡ½ҵģ²Ͳˡ
½һˮǺɤۣһ飬ǰƭġ

ʱŽⶾûû˾˵Ҳ˱ˣġʵõôˣһ˶һ鷳
½ⱲӣϱӣҲһ
˻ųڣһҲˡһ˲ȴѹǷݻϲЩҵҲƭģǼŮҶûΪšҲֻһҡ
Ӧ½ܷ¿룬ȥˮ飬ǲǡǷ˸ʲô
βǳڻĵպϵĵ񣬿ÿֻһ˵ֱܿӵĳû
ô£һֱϵ
ˣ½ܴǰʮ겻Ҳͽ긵ţػĸٰ죬һҲڴ
罫ַȥ컹ûھͻصϡ
Ȼſڣһİ𣬴ӳ߳ǡ档
ĸʮ꣬½ѧЩ꣬Ȥδı䣬ڻʹĻءʱǰϲճ½ܣΪ½סţ½ܴӲø浽Լ
½ڵɫЩУǰνճˣĸҵúܣź˾Զ硭
Ц½ͼ鷳ˣͺá
½ܸҪȴӣתܽš
ΪŽ½ܵȻ׼½æտ϶ˣ档˲Ϻţſڣӭ˾֪ͨ档
ŲæǰȻǸİꡣ
ĿԣûϳԷȴסѿڶ̫Ӹ硭
ס½ţȻõǻ̾ݣѲ۲븵潫ʮûò޶ı䡣
ͨԷƺеüۣǿǰԼǸܶϡ
ĳȻʮΣֻýţһ˳һ볤档꽫ǰЩľŽˣδ͸¶ȵ۹ҹİš
ɸ滹ʳµ⣺Ϊβݣ̫Ӹ統ʱڣҲͲҼλˡ
ͷֱ̫ףҪɱԼνػ½ǣȥ
½Ͷ˸Ŀ⡣ݣȴס½Ҳ֪βԼͼΪġ
½󷽷£ػɡǳ˽£Ϊܡ볼ǰɻ飬Щһֱס½Ե־򣬱ֻͽŰˡ
½һ˵һԷܷš˵ͨĲ̫Ӹʾңôߵһ𣬻͵͵ɻ˺üꡣ
˼УûעǶλı顣꾪ϲжԲ˵󣬾ΪŭͰԹȥʮֹ졣
ٷϡͿ꣬û̬Ҳ;ͻعȥˡ걾׼̻𣬵һ˭Ҳû˼
Ǿʹֵҹûʲôرõİ취ֻ鶨мӹﶯʵҪԸ֣Ǿһر߾ȥ
˭ϣպĳϣ澹һگ顣
گ˵ȵ̫ӸӼλҪλλꡣ
һš
ɴݵģȰʵ˼ģ˵һֱס½ڦ½Ю׵۵ġ
گʽͳ⽻ⶩʽЧ
˳½ܱȥ棬Ϊ
дʣҲ˽յ飬ܶԲıʼȻֱ࣬λӣǶ鷳
һԼҪܹˣ
½ܱҭԶԡ
˸ôЩ꣬Ȼ֪⺢־ڴˡ
˼ظȥʸ˼ø귭ȵǷ飬ϸֶһ飬ͷӦ˻ˡˣǱһȥô
⾲ãȻʱʣµ̻ںԺȥɣ
ҹڽɽţŸɫ̻ɽڿڱ˴½Ĺ
½ҲϣӦ£Ȼʲôģֻǡ߳һ֮Ҳı䡣
½Σ£㲻Ҫ룬֮䡭
ֱԼǷһ¡
½һüһôˣαؼƽǲҪѸµĺãȻ̫ô
֮ǳõĳĬ
˵Ǹ걻ʱԳ֡½ܺܿ췴ӦǲԸ
Ҳģ½ܾ
㲻ȢĻĴ걻ҧסԷ첻ĻϲȢ̾
½ܣ
գ½ܱŸ빬볯档
˸ʱʱݺ᣻ȻҲݣóȵ۸һţȻԴǲѺãܴĻҲǻӣʵ۱Ҫλ׸磬ûܷԡ
߸ȰȰʵ˼ִˣ¾Ͷⶨʽگ飬վе
ĳ´䣬ȴδɧһ׮Ŷȡ˾ǰȫע½Ҫˣ
ŮιǸ߿ŵɣȻЩʼղɻ飬һҲһ䣬ΪҪɽƲ鰮£Ҳˡ
˭֪ľͻȻģҪȢĻӱ߾ĻӡһϹӡ
һʱ䣬̾ڴСȥ߷׷ױסǻһյĹҲھǴ֮Щ½ܶ̾ϢҲ˵ʲôˡ
ϹϹνӷȻƷԡ
µ۵ǻǰһգһʢϲ¡
ʵ½ܲʢ󣬿⣬Ҫף޲ðǵĹʼҼ붼ôˡ
ȢĹأ½Ÿͷô̴ӵţ̾סݽסɽմ۲Խ˲˲η½
һ·죬԰վ̾½˲Цݣüۼ䵭һ㻯΢΢𴽽ǡ
ص½йԱҢѺӭǽáˣ겻ܰݵһͻȻ£ϸĵıͷ֣˶԰ʱӵԱ½̫͡
ɣҷ׷ǰ˵黰硸衹ͷϡơ½ܲϲЩõ׻һתͷ̾ϵĻϲֱҪˣЦһơ
һʱɫ;㵽붴ʱ򡣷ɵϲĺԲãϰյ򣬴żںڶרȶ˺½ƺ󣬰Ǻһͨ֡
½޿̣ҵһۣ˳ȥǲ̡
ҢڸĴ£ԼЦȥ
˻ңαضһ١½ܱɴյߣʰ죬
½ճ죬ĵŻԽԽҪȴͷߵ
ỹܵ»鶴ߵŵģϲʲô½ѹ궯ƿװȥӭ
ȻǼһװӣЩŵվſڡ
һľУЦݴЩֺõζ½͸ͻӵ»񡣡
½һԼ͸˽˹ϵû̶ֳȣȻǵлӹӣֺԼյĺӺܾͬһ
򿪺ӣóһصͬתӹȥתת۰ڳʲôͣסĲλʮּʵԢ⵱Ǻõġ
½ܲǣոҪ͵ҲͬΪʲôҪ͸ͬ
½ܵл泯ЦЦʮĺӻǺܻαװЦ֮Եʧ䡣ҪڸʲôƵģ˵һͨûͣãͻȻ½ͻĽҲˡ
⺢Ѿò˵Ļˣ½Ļظ㻹С˼ɫţȵ֮ٹšˣ
ҡûСƬ̵ĻңͷպȢӣҲѪҲ½̵̫İɣ
Ѻӽ½պ᲻缺
½˼üߴֵˡȻ⺢Ѿµ˻̾Ǹꡣ
µˣǿ˼ʮ¡
ųףҵˡ½ȻܻشһѸ䣬ҼɾɷԸ⡣
겻֪ľˣ½ֱۺ˰벽ûһƲ¡ѪǣҪ½̫˭̵ù
ȷӦʲôһҴҵ𣬵ͷܡ½ܻûعζţᱧȥϲϡ
½֪ܲʲô裬ȴҲŪҹ㾡ڣҶ㡣˹ֲڹޣ´βʱˡ
궯һͣ˵ҾͲܻô
˼ô˶ţ㡣
ԺҪģ򴽣Բ飬ûܷ޲óңʮ¶ˣҪ˷ףָҪ㵽ʱȥء
½һ顣ȷøЩûط롣ԼôģʮѧФԼʱʲô֡
Ҫջңͬ˹죿
Ťͷ½ݣѺԺȫҲûʲô񷨵ģֵõҹôֻΪңʲôҵ֪ɡСҪӲܵĻǱҵĲˡ
½չ壬˫ѹھؿšۣǶ⣬ԺԵĺƤƣء
Щ꣬곣׵ۡȻ½ܲƽȥĴԼﲻá
½ܻ˵Щ͹ˡĻʱվ˱ʧȥͬϻġ½ܽҹôŸҷˣû˼㡣֪ĥ䣬¡
ҡƺ˫ۣĸѧ˲ʻԣϲϲ
Ĵɫϲһ˫Եÿҿһ㣬һǳǳǡ
޾繽û½䱻ȡ鲻Խסĺ󾱡
ʮʱ˵ԼиԸһʮʱּһ˵Ȣҡ
Щȥʵһʵһˡ
ĳҹ̴µǿʼϸܵضסδڵ̾ϢʪϢУдĵͺ
ʮ𣬾ֻһԸˡ
µ۵ǻǰҹ̫½ӭȢݻ̾ϸ賹ҹյȼ
л˵
лл㿴
Ĵxp֮ĺдȽСڣȼҶȹįڣǵҶ濴һget£жҶܿġ


±رС˵ַwww.827txt.com
ÿ£ϲȥ