߸Ű
ߣö˼
İ
ԽȻΪ𣬾²ħͬھȴ߸
Ϊ磺
ĵʦֲŵķbossЦϻڵľ̵ֲԼħϲɣ޵пЦֿѺܿ߳Ӱׯϵɽ繲ʧȥĸ󻼡
磺
ԭα¶˯ĴϽ𲻿
䷴أ̾翡ܣֻᡣ
˳׺Ϊˮֻɡ
Ⱥϴ棬ڳĵصǻǧ롣
޵ʹ飬һ򲢷ֶǰ顣
ֿѴңȪȡ
ׯ֣յıϡ
ԽȻ֪ԭ˶йأ˶ں֮󣬲һӱòˡ
ԽȻ𺳣⵹Ҳɲءˮǧֻȡһư
ͬ߸֮˵⻰ǲе̫ˣ
߸ͬܣһͬ޳
[Ķʾ]
1.Ƭͬһ
2.ܲģమɱ
3.߸ս
ݱǩ ǿǿ   ˬ
ؼ֣ǣԽȻ  ǣ  
һ仰飺߸ս
⣺ѲЭѰ³·


1 
˵˾Ȼ漣ػˡ
˰ⲻܰɡ
һãһãճϣһϷۻŻŵؽһ뷿䣬ɽͬÿҪˡ
ԽȻָ΢۾۲磬ȴ·ɢһ㣬޷
û´ĻǸϷӿеɽԼ
ɽԼôɣ
һ첽߽䣬ڵϣһ³ԽȻľȷţȻٸ
һעԽȻڣůóԽȻʹӸеЩ
Χһֿʼ۷׷ס
ճôôһۣ
û뵽ճϡ
ճϹȻ紫еܻˣ׹ǡһɽڻ¡
һߣһ۾ҪȻˡһɫܵˡŵӽҪ
ǡϷӦŶ
ԽȻոħͬھһλ̫
ħɽڣġ
ÿλ֮ıڽڣɴˣڣԣһħ
ħΪ˼䣬¾ǧ޹߶֮ǣȴκβá
ɽ繲ׯħһս˶飬ɽĻ̻̣ħɱԼͷ
Σʱֻ̣гԽȻͦԸħһսͼħ
Լһһս˲ɲ֡
ԽȻԻʤħͬھ
ͷıȻͣסˣԼ
ԽȻԼʦ֣Լħͬھ£ȴԼ޷
飬뵽ԼıʦвɵŶƶɣԼ
ԼĽһĪͣסδԼʦûйϵʦھʱ˵Լ
οʦֵַꡣ
ΪһɣʦǷһɣϣֵҲȻȻ¡
겻棬ֻڳԽȻħսǰһ棬ʱԷȻȻ˵Լ
ԼħսʱԷҲûս
ǣԽȻʲôû˵סԼ졣
ˣ룬ոϷ˵Լʲôţ
ɽ
Ǹ֣۵棬ȻҳɱĻס
ůӿԼȫƽʹ
ܿ죬ԽȻϵľ޸˿ʼָ
л
ԽȻʦȥɳƵ˵лճϡ
лҽ˱ҽ޵ıְһ֣վ˸ӻڵϵĳԽȻ
ԽȻӵϵĻҳϴӳص
˿Ǻҹ̫ɽȴ硣
ǳԽȻĳˡ
̫ɵÿһλӣŵӽ׵ŵӺ󣬾ͻ̫ɽеԼյơ
󣬳ƻзɳֱ
ͬʱصıҲ𣬴Ű
볤ƣһ¡ԽȻˣڻŵɽ
ԽȻ΢΢ǰһԷ϶֪ԼħսԷȴɫȻû͸¶һ㰧ݡ
óԽȻᶨԼ뷨ܽʦ֡
ڳĬʱ̣Ŵ򿪣Ϸŵӽ
ճϣͬɽһϢҪɽҪˡ
һɫһΩ££
һ£ѹйѹͬϣѹͨһڵء
֪кͬţӺεȣһ˵ƽȣ˿ûΪʦ֮еʹ
ûɱͬŬΪԼ磬ֻССؽѵһ£û뵽ôһӾˤڵء
˵ѣϷͦΪԽȻҲĿеɽ绤ǿ˪СʦҪɽǰؾ㣬вʣ׼ɱɽȡȥؾĻᡣ
Ҫɴ˿ĶӣļıҪɹˣСʦÿԴһǰؾΪ˪ŵӣҪɽˣ׵õᡣ
񼺣飬Ѫˣͬӵվȴѹѹ޷վֻùͷ񼺣顣
ԽȻһԾţôһ£Ҳ֪Ҫɱɽͬ˪ŵӣΪԼͦϷ񼺣顣
μģڣö˵˷Լɽ
кͬţӦɽõУһɫҡʦ϶ǰΪ䰧ǡ
ţǷ£Ѻʮ꣬к飿
£ԭ̫һ壬Ѻɷԭµһ޳裬ݽߣɷ
ڳӳɱȻֻһɷ
£˵ˣʮĹ˷ˡ
ͬճϣδҲ̫Ͽˣ
⻹ϿһŹ棬кͬţҪ±ʦţ뷲䣬Ӵ˳Ϊһ鷲ˡҶѾһˣ
ͬѹѹ͸ԣиǺ²ѡ
ԭճҲʱ̡
ֻԣǣӲδ顣
Ǿͺáһ򴽣ȥ췣ɡ
ǡ
ǣֵľͶɢ˰ɡһǲɢڵˡ
񼺣ϷӸˣ
һתԽȻƵ£Խɽһϵ
һָ̧ϳԽȻ㵹߰˷
˭û˵ԽȻҲ˳ԭԼԼ߰˷ơ
ӽҵĹŵˡһ
ԽȻֻУԼһʦܣȴҪԷĵӣԭֻΪɽԼ
ôһ΢΢ü㲻⣿
ܴһԾΪ޾̷ճϵĹŵӣԴϲ£֪жͷƤòᡣ
ܡӵȻԸ⡣ԽȻ΢΢עһݵӽճϾǵӵʦ𣬵Ӳҡ
áһһ䣬Ŵ򿪣ǰ̫ɽУȥΪʦܳԽȻ
ԼμԼóԽȻڶθе

ԽȻ룬˵ܴԼпЩߣԼ˵ڲμ֮С
˵䣬˵˽
ԭɽֻΪոȥʦܣഫ𱰡
Ÿ߹һ֪߷Ƿ
ХһȻͷųһбſſ򣬡ôܹ̫ɣ
ХΪħһħ壬޷ͻ̫ɵĻɽ󣬽̫еġ
ǳԽȻڣ̫ɴӢſ˻ɽ󷨣ҵԽХУΩһϿɵ˾ǳԽȻҵȻҪμӡ
ԽȻХȥԷһϮ࿡ٱˣ϶Էûʵʵڵħƺš


2 
ħХſ򣬷·һһɷš
һףضХ˵ȻμʦģǾȥ̫ɽһ۵ҡ
˵úãХžžƣӺݻ󣬡ʱΪԽȻʦֵ㣬Ϊʲôûȥμʦܵ񣬷һ۵
һɫ԰ףͼХĻ㹻ˣ
Хǹ𳰷Цݣʦǰȴ˼Ϊһ߰˷Ƶ˼֮ࡣһ£Ż˵ģԲԣ
ԽȻૡ
θеˡ
ʦ˼һ˼ֻ֮࣬˵Ц
ԽȻתͷȥʦֵֶԷɫ糣Ϊ룺ʦֵɫûХĻ仯Ȼʦֻ·־һ۰ˡ
һħμʦģ̫ɻӭ֮лҳģˡûʱ㣡
л˵ȻˣǾһȥμӳԽȻɡХһѳã׼
أصҵĶľţ˭ȵ֪ء
һ˵꣬νԳԽȻ˵
ԽȻЩȻʦԼǶǰˣ
и߰˰˰ɡ
ˣǲˡ
һԽȻϽȻϿշȥ
ԽȻһ򣬱סһǵãʦֵһԼԼҲʦֵ
ǵˣôͷֵأ
ԽȻعɿһ
һûϵٶȿ죬㱧Ų׵ȥ
ǳԽȻ±ʦֵʦֵϸ·һܶϣֻгԽȻ֪жôͣԶˡ
ڿУХųãܿ׷ˣһһ׸ǲܱҿġ
˵꣬ɿǰУӰԽԽСֱʧڳԽȻС
ԽȻԼǰǿ̣ܶΧħľսħХһڳԽȻǰʱХмسŪ·ЦԼԲһ
ХǵԼͣͣħͬھĻı
ԽȻֻ֪ѡ
һ̣˱Ƿϵ
ǰˣһŶӽС
ԽȻڵһۣҲҪųĶӣϼʱܽС
ڲͬˣһĹŵӡ
һųԽȻӴԱߵСдС
ѵԼĪӣߵȺۼ
˵һ޴ޱȵɽ潨þһΡԻ̫͡ŵ󶼻ڴ˵أ̫ɽ
ֻгϣ˲ܽӶֻɽѵС·ϰ
һ׳ޱȵӳƵǸڲϵͨɽϵľ޿һֱֱۣ֮Żֹͣ
Ĩȼһҹ󣬾ͻϨ׹УıҲֹͣ졣
ڳƻûеִ죬нֻȵִ֮ۡ
ԽȻʬױУľǻûкϡ
ʱһɫ۵Ӵѵĵ·г˳һӹڹľǰ
עųԽȻʬף棬ңȪȡ
˵ȡһŷдʡ
ʼȼգսָ⣬Ҳûɿ
𣿡
ԽȻ󺰳ȥֹʦһѷ˲Ϩ
һǰһסӵ֣עΪˣ֪ʦǰֿѣҲΪˣһɡ
ʱХ룬ʱۿԽȻħսˣˡһ̣ԽȻĽԶȴȻͣˣһĻ֡
ʼŵЦʱԾȥҳĻ֡
䣬Хӻȡһյ񱭣ˮڳԽȻĹ֮ǰԲѵ翡ܣֻᣡ
ԣвʣȴֲòϣǸʵ
ХΪħҲֻΪĳԽȻܺ൱ɽ繲ׯҪΡ
ԽȻĿһУΪֿѸݡ
ԷɱԼԪףų⡣
ԣХĻӵվĨȥᣬҳԽȻԪס뵱һͬ塭
˵ͣƳһһۡ
˽֪ԽȻ븵һɣһڷһɣȴ֪һΪη
һĸã֮˲֮֡
һɫб䣬֪һΪη֮һһ顣
Ļ˳ԽȻĻ䡣
ԽȻģǺ˳˴֮׾ٵؾ壬ɬ֮ʱһͷеϬ
ʱ򲻹λϬĺߣһͨѶ֪ͨԽȻ
ǡóԽȻòԶһ̲ϵֳ·ĸϬ
ʱԽȻ˺۵Ϭеıӣںߵϣ㾹Ȼ޹壬ֻΪ˼Ʒʯ˱գ㻹ڣܵһУ㶼ԭܣ
ӱԭģҲˣ󷢴ȱҰɡ
ԽȻ뵱緢£˿Ծɼѡټ룬һѵĵ·ͷ߳һӺɫӡ
ԽȻ㾹ûͬ
ڷ磡һӺɫӣɫһ䣬ʲô
Ȼҵ˳ԽȻڷߵ֮ǰ£ſڹ֮ϣ˳׺ΪˮȴɽơܹԽȻʵˣҵۣϧȴˡ
ԽȻԼǰǿ̣ڷҲսԷԼǰǿûκηӦľګģ⡣
ȴ̫Ϸ
ǲǻڷԪףΪ˴˶ĻɣϷ
Լ鶯֮ʱڻڷϵˮԷ鶯֮ʱץԼϵĺۼ
ԽȻȥ²⻶ڷɱԪס
һڷ磬ڷ磺úϻһľ֮ǰʲôӣ
ڷĨȥᣬһ
㵹һ㲻ݣڷ̣ģ֪ˣΪ˭أִʦܡ
㣡һ򴽣ô˵
ڵǣΪʲôҪӺҵʦܣһڷ磬ܣ̫ɸλϣɵų˵ʦһֻ϶Ҫп죬ֻ˭أ
̫ŰȪƿˣȻԽȻֻһ޵УǾȻ϶ȥ
ǿɲһХôŸ߹յһĴڣ˶ľˣֻҪˣľ˾ͻήϡ˿Ϊ١
ο˵ûУȥ󣬳뺣ףǧһԽȻɢ˼䣬ͻῪǧǧؾ
㣬ҪĲؾʮͻῪ
ʲôؾʮͻῪ
ϢʯˮУһʯǧˡ
ؾ˼ؾķʤɾʦݣҪŻῪ
ڣؾʮͻῪ
ǺεȵĻ
ѹҪͼıɱԽȻ


3 
ҿɲ֪ʲôؾһ·ľͷ𣬡ֻ֪˵һ
Ȼ̫ŰȪ
һɢޣΪ̫ŻңҺԽȻ
ȻһϮ°ɫۣбһ˫һۣӵ·ͷߵľ֮ǰ
ϧˡֻгԽȻ֣ܹú졣ҵ޵ˣƥ䡣
ԽȻֱȻԷ̹̹û˿أ·˵ľʵûܡ
ɳԽȻǰǿ̣Էû˿Ⱥϧ·ѾԤϵ֡
ųȻɱԼĿܡ
ԽȻԼȻĳʼ
һѩ׷ɵĶ죬ԽȻѰ̤ѩ㣬Ҫ˽̤ѩϰԡ
ǡ̤ѩʱȻ׽̤ѩ㡣
̣
ԽȻõļеĴ罣
ʱ䣬ػشз׷ɵİѩΪϿƮȻȥ
ſ̤ѩ㣡ԽȻ
ݹ£ȻмػӦֻ̤ѩҪȰٹ£ǵһɧ
罣ʼºͣȻӵòǺܳ
𽥵أϵıѩڻСľҲʱܼһһ
ȻЩԾȻ֣ò¡
ٿľһɽ뢡СĨߡժ̶ַ
ԽԽʢӦԽȻĴ罣
뽣Уײû˭˭ӮеֻƾС
ȵ罣þԷһɽҲӽβ
ԽȻóļеĻȻȴͣ
ˣôȥذҲֲʤҴӦ㣬̤ѩ˾ǡм£пգǼյս֣
ԽȻԣջسԷȻ⿪
̤ѩ̤صĴݣнԶ뿪ʱعͷԽȻ˵ͷʾл⡣
ˣҽȻһɢޡʲô֣㽻һ𣿡
ҽгԽȻɣǵжһȻ̫֡޾̷̫΢µӣҵ´ս
˵Ӿʹ˽£һδսȻõĹٲǿľǾ塣ԽȻõĻǰƽƽĳ
ȻֹȻ
˵ɽ繲ׯɱءһɽݶɽһׯݵµڶԽȻ
СΪ磬硣
½ħ磬н˼䣬Ͻɽ硣
DȵϽҲ˼䡣ɽ˼䶼ɽΪѣ˼̫ɡ
ܶʵĴþͻ˼ɽ磬ԽȻҲ⡣
ö֮ɽۼ˲ǿˣǻȴͬϿһˡׯ
ƳׯΪɽ繲ɽ硣
ԴӳԽȻɽһоͶıˡ
һμ棬ׯڳԽȻʩѹԽȻ׾ٵƽ⣬˺ׯ̸Ц˵˿ûɬ֮С
У֪˭ȸԽȻԡ𡹵ĳƺţΪׯ
󣬳ԽȻׯĸ󻼡
ħȻؽϣׯϣׯȴܱ˶飬Щɥ
ҪǳԽȻսʤħ֤˳ԽȻׯ
ׯܹ棿
ԽȻֶһλ
ԼʦһʦϺް֮ɫȻģһɼζ档
ٿħХԷһϧ·Լ֮кܴĴ
Ͷϻڷ磬Էӯڽޣ·˶ΪԼʧȥֻгԽȻ֪ԷԼǰľګޱ飬·⣬ڵıֽȻ෴бȻй
ĿȻϣ˼޵Уǵû󿪻ЦеңһʹϧǳԽȻûϵġ
ԽȻ룺ô棬ֻɽ繲ׯпܼӺңΪĸ󻼡
ڴʱׯӵ·ͷ˳ɫ԰ףһ˵ӡ
ȻѪˣΪֻݲһԽȻɽ磿УˣѱܹӺԽȻ
ׯ˵ߵľǰ棬ɫӵעŹľеĳԽȻ󣬱ԹڽڣıˣͲ⡣
仰һúܶԽȻϨ˼
ׯۼ֤˳ԽȻǰһ̣ıĪͣ͡ûмǴĻѱɳԽȻֿѣµһʦҲǲƶɡ
Ȼ׼ׯʲô˼ǻҲǼӺԽȻ֣
ׯĻԽȻż𣬸ͬԼ˵һλ
ɽҵΪͣͼˣҽƿڡʱҪɽһλöã˵Ļˣήٵͷϡ
ԽȻһһԼֿѸųɡ
ȻΪԼ绤ԽȻı˶ħ롣˷ֱǳԽȻʦһ˻ڷ磬޵Ȼɽ繲ׯħֱħХԼħƳɡ
ѽʱң˶ħڽעһĨꡣҪѽͣס˶ħһͬʩͣ͵ͷ֮⣬ڽˡ
һվ˵ҾܼӺҵʦܣǧ֣ôܡ
͵Ҳǣɽʶǧꡣңھսǰֻһ棬ıûţôĽ
һ뵽ʲô˶ħһħֻʣʦܵԼħûйΪ
Ȼ򣺡ԽȻħľսħƳҲûǷѾǰ֪֡ԽȻħͬھԽȻȻⳡս䣿
ҼɽһʱħƳɣȥʱҲħƳһ뿪֪ǷǻƳڹɽĽ϶ֽšǩͬԼҪڹɽĽ϶ֽţ׵úܡ
ˣìͷָ˲ֳħƳɡ
ԽȻ΢΢ʼԼͻƳɵһ档
ȷҪȥħһսƳϴϲɫǲˣҾˣҿԳҵͬΪҲûˣ
ǡԽȻݸҲпܻʤ
һԽȻпܻʤƳһ˫ʧȥ˹󣺡һҪ䰡
ԽȻЦƫҪӮƫҪǵԼһֱڣԼ㲻Ϊ
Ƴ۾һתʣܰıҿ𣿡
ôԽȻԼı˹ȥҪĽû𣿡
ѽѽƳĵػӦ
뵽ԽȻҲһͷĪǻƳԼı϶ֽţ
̫ŰȪ̫ɵ׽ħƳɡ
һ̫ɳһͬ
ųƵڲϵԶԶûеִɽ磬ûеִ֮ۡ
ԽȻ̧ͷŲʣƳɣ𣿡


4 
ϵڰʱ̣Ƶִۣ֮һŵİ
ھ֮ͣһʱȻ󻺻׹䡣
ҹĻ֮ʱ׹ɽ֮ڣϨֱûһ⡣
ԭλҲӽβ
ܿ죬ӵһ죬þûص硣
̷ܷվ˳з÷ɽϻӫ̵ķơ
쵫ͼʱɽ
һӣɽֳһ߾߹ľ̫ɽܳͷĹ鴦
̷ܷ÷ָŹ餣餼ϡ
һ£ڷſڹľ֮ǰͷڳԽȻĴһǡ
ԽȻ룺֮ǰûκα飬ȴݵһȻ֮ǰй䣬Ҳ¶ˮԵֵݣ
ڷǵüңˮֵεڳԽȻѾ֮ϡ
һҹȥԽȻʬ˱䣬ƽ죬·ֻ˯һ㡣
ԽȻתͷԼʦ֣ʦ뻶ڷ粻Ը֪ʦֶԻڷһкο
ֻһɫƣһڷ磺ʦܾҪˣʲôǴ󲻾
ʲôڷᣬģ˵ˣֻҵľ𡣡
һһ䣬ܷͷ
õġ
̷ۻһ·ȣ˲պϡ
һ£һѱסѾϵĹ餣ٱʶǧֿѡ
һΣûֹҶ֪ԽȻϵܣѵõֿѡҪԼİ˼Ȼû˻ֹһҲʾ⡣
ã̷ʣ𣿡
ˡɿľ۽ǳӯˮӤʵǰˡ
̷ٴλӶȣľŷȵĻӶɽڴ
ɽѿһӣľ⵹Уܿϣľ˿Ϸ졣
̷ۼŷܿ죬ǧϰپ߹ľʧֻʣɽںɽϵķơ
ԽȻ˿鸴ӣҾôˣ˭ҵĶ֪Ҫɽȥҳҵˡ
ǰ壬˲ٳˣ֪ǲЩһҪҡ
ԽȻлΪǾ˽𣬶Է˱ԡ
뽫ԼɼԼʦ֡ˡ޵СֿѡԼħϡ
һ̣ĵƽб
̼䣬ɽϵķƱ䰵ʧ
һѰɽڣɽûκβͬˡ
ʱ̫ŰȪ˳ڳĸλһܣԸμԽȻұʾָл
ʤ½ɽׯׯԽȻΪħħͬھ츣£μӦõġ
ϻ½ϼիի̾ҪħԼһһս׼ǲ֣ǾԲӲҲˡ
ƽ½µֻ˵һӷա
ڤ½ľȹһм˵ʵҲˣֻħƽ֡
̫ɵѾãѹ־ȹ˵Ļ
̫ŰȪԣʱˣҪı϶ֽţʹսһıͣˣӮ˾ս
Ҳ׷׸ͣѽ˹ţȹ˵ĻԵЩʱ˰ɡ
ȹȻ
̫ŰȪΪˣһҹȥڳλҲɢˣصԵĴ½ȥ
󲿷ִɵԣеϧ֮ʣѵĵ·뿪
ֻʣһЩСɵ˻ͰȪ׺ѡ
ԽȻ÷ипѣһҲԿůΪ˳ȥΪ˼ħЩɵȴҵ񵱳һ̨ף̫ɽύ
һվԭأɫ̧ͣͷɽϹ֮
ԽȻһ룺֪ʦֿҵĹڣодʲôỳǵĶʱỳһỳǹֵõĳ𣿡
ԽȻ֪𰸣ֻԸǿ϶ģϣʦֵļǿֻǱ棬ΪԼ
ãѵҲ뿪ɽֻʣ̫ɵźͳϡ
ŰȪһҪȥҵħƳɣ
һش𣺡Ƴһʾʦȥı֪ʦܵԼʧЧʱһصħ磬ɱ䣬ķͬѪ
ԣҪǰħ磿
һǰħ硣
߳ɽ
ȪΪԦʦٻԼıޡǰУǰ
̷ܷΪʦԼıȣǰС
һνϳԽȻ
ԽȻ̤νһ͵֫˷ٸŵĲǰС
磬н޺Ĵ󼫵أ̫λܴ½ִħҪҪԽϻ½ͼ֮ء
ǰеʱ̣ԽȻȥһط
һ䣺ʦ֡˽ȥʦطԾôǲǷߣ
һ󺰵ţҵĵӷܴ½ȥħ׽ħƳɣҺҵĵȥ
ŰȪصã
һĽ£һ̣˱ȵվڵϡ
壬˱ƣŨѹ˴
һߵһ˼֮ǰţ𣿡
Сȿȿȡһλɫϵĸ˿ţȫ´˳ԽȻһһ飬ɫ֪ΪλŹ˻ߺе塣
λˣˡȿȿȡʲô𣿡ʵ
Ϊ˴˵ص߶һ˿Ĵϻһɫϵĺӣܽߡ̫޾̷һҵĵӡ
˵̫ɣﶼɵˣһ˵Լ̫ɵˣڵأһ°ڣˣȾңȾҵĺӡ
һȵġһ߽Уڴʣӵĸأ
޵øȸȾߵҵĺӣӵĸ׵֪ӸȾߺ󣬾ˣֻչ˺ӡ
һԣȻ£ظźӵͷģһȺġΣߵĸףˣƷӣҪҲգ
ԽȻһԿζӳ£ʦ
룺ʦźĸ׶ԺӲ벻˲Ϊʲô鲻ָܷ˿
ԽȻвʣҵһҹûмʦһ˿һᡣʦΪβָܷңָ󡢱סŰ壿
ԽȻ鸴ӵûпܽϴֻҩӦߵҩʲôʦ֪𣿡
Ҳ֪һҡҡͷҪһһԹ


5 
һԴһͯϸ£οС£ҩһһҩԹȥһܹļ
ԽȻ̫ϤϸˣΪ˰ֱ꣬ʦΪԴ̬Ȳֵͬ
þûмôϸµʦˡ
һҩһӴóúιСߡ
С¶ſ죬ú̽ʼ׽
һ֮Сûиơ
һóҩ
С󣬿˼²ۣÿడȿȿȡ
һ֮Сϵɫûȥ
һȺó˶ϳ桢úƮ˪ȼʮļҩ
ϧǣЩҩСûá
ʱԽȻʦǲ˼·ˡõĶҩЩҩȻļģһöûСħҩ˵ħҩκߡ
еһɫʼ֮ǰһֱΪȻģûħ˼ġħɢߣҪħҩ
˵꣬һӴóħιСԡ
СԺ󣬺ܿ죬ϵɫʼɫָɻɫƤҲԺ
һ̣СʹӴϱ
˹ڵأԽȻһͷллˡȿȿȡҵĺӡ
ԽȻˣʲôʦʦҽޣβı֣㲻д˴񡣡
棺ллλˣҪλˣҵĺӿ¾ֻܵˡ
ؿһЦЦҲ콫ħݳˣߡ
úúã˲ɾᣬϲüңӹħݳ˽ȥϵɫܿȥ
ԽȻܽħⳡߣⳡħɢˡ
ħΪҪ˼ɢߣһеɻ
Ҳ֪ԽȻɫһǵĿģֻǲ֪Ŀʲô֮֮ܶǽⳡߡ
ûôħݣħħ磬ػժʮֲסһ˿ħݣʣ޼
ǸϿȥħժԽȻߴٵĲ˵Ȳ̫ãпһ֮ͻȥʮˡˡ
á
һųԽȻԽȻɱһݵ֫
ܴ½Խϻ½ٴɷļ֮أִħ硣
ħĵطħŨһĵظԼġͽܡͣػңԶ࣬ʮֺñϣħݺܺҡ
ЩԽȻȻأװһһллʦ㲥
һЦЦ֮䣬л
ǡ
һħεһңԶĺԽȻһӾ֪ĺ
ԽȻͨħ塢塢塢ԣϳະΪħݳˣֵܽǿԡ
ԽȻָָķ򣺡ʦ
һЩȣСӿֻһ飬磬֪ĺ
ʦ̵úáԽȻʦֵܾûʦô׽л
û뵽һ죬Աʦֵʦƽ͵ضԻ
һһ̣ϵ֮
֮ħĿһƬһƬɫӵ֮
ĺĲͬ飬壬ʱ뾯
ħʣ壬ħʲôǲħ彫˺ƬһƬƬԵ
ŻԽȻһʵϣܶħ岻Ѻã˱ɱ಻ǣǳأֻħݡ
һħ༦ͬѼ̫޾̷ĵӣΪ˲ժħݣþ˼塣
ཫһĻƣſ޴˫ͼλ֮͡
𽥵أͬҲǶſ˫ϳԽȻһ
ۼһսԽȻסˣħͣðֻժħݣԾ˼塣
ԽȻĻཫŽɵ˫Ҫħݣ
ԽȻյһϣʣҪħݣܹĴ񣿡
һ΢죺Ҫٿá
ԽȻħҪħݣ֪ԸԸǡ
һ£ƳһشԸ⣬ǲժţһ궼С
ãԽȻӦ
ԽȻĻһһһԣָϳԽȻӣ㾹Ȼħˡ
ԽȻȫûԤϵһȻʱ޴룬ĵôһ£ҵϣޱ飬ڶź߰˷ƵɽȴȻ¡
ԽȻһȥˮʦޡ˳㣬ʳԼһֱ֪һ£ԽȻ𣿡
һֹסˮ˫򣬹˺þãƽڣûԽȻǸ쵰л˵ˣǸϿժħݣȥ¡
ϣ˿ʼժħݡ
ժĹУһۣ״Ʋʣôħ
ԽȻС⡹һ֮ѧġ
ʦ֮ѧԣͨԡ
һ˵⻰оеĽ֮⣬óԽȻиеһ˿˵ζ
ܿ죬ħݲժϡ
ǣǿ˰ɣ
ллǵĿԽȻӻ֣Ժ£̫޾̷ǵİһæ
á
һ׼뿪֮ʱͨѶ
ͨͨѶ洫ŰȪΣħƳץˣħ羵֮أҪ𣿡
һָһ˼ȽƳѹʣʹ̼ǵӰҺûڻҪȥߵĴˡ
áȪ˵꣬ͨѶ
һԽȻ֮ǰ֣Լһ˵ԷϾͻ᷺졣
ԽȻ룬ǰսʦֵĶϣԷҲ᷺죬żȻ
ԼʦֻϲԼֻʦ麦ߡ
ʱ󣬳ԽȻһִ塣
ǺķѰʱͽеĴ񶼽ˡħݻʣ¼꣬ڴС
뿪֮ʣһڵأݵл˾֮л˾֮
лһºͣ˵꣬ɻ̫ɡ
ǰ̫ɵ;УԽȻٴδսһĶϣʦ˵ԽȻģħƳ𣿡
Ҳ֪һʦץħƳɺ󣬰ڱҾѣ뻨ƳɵĶԹһ֪һЩġ
ŶԽȻٴμ֤һϷ죬ʦͻƳɵĶԹ𣬡ʦܸһЩ𣿡
ԡһ˵ţ֪ģ


6 
һܿʦһʼħƳץ̫ɵʱ򣬻ƳɻҲħ˵Ƴʦܣ˵ʦҪ¯
˵΢΢һЦΪƵ¶е
һ꣬ʦܶûƳɰ£ֻʱȥϻһڷ磬ħƳʦܲ¯
ԽȻЩҲ𵱳ͻƳദʱΣʱЩЦá
ƳһʼΪʦͬǩԼʦܴƢҲʦܡֱһ죬ʦԴħķݸƳɣԷͣǩͬԼԼƳſʼʦܡ
Լ˼壬Ҫ˵һҪ󡣵ͬԼͬ໥ǣƵġʦܶԻƳɵԼǣԷٳħͬ࣬Դħķ
ƳɶʦܵԼǣ׼ʦԺٺȾƣֱѵʦ̳ˡ
˵˵ţһϲ΢΢Цݡ
ЩĿͷ죬·ʦܻδѣ·˸ơ
Щ쳣ͣԽȻʦôᣬʲôʱˣ
Ƴ˵ʦ¯ĻǴ˳ȥܶɵΪֺʦܣ׷¯ʦܴƢֱӺѵЩɵˡ
˵һЩΪԼʦܼԭе
ô꣬ʦֻһˣǾǻڷ硣
˵ڷʱһԵ
ˣʦ𡣡ԽȻиһֱʣ֮ǰϣҾԻڷΪʲôڷˣΪ壬ⲻǺΪҪ
ˡһ͵͵ΪʲôҪֻҿߡҿʦˣȥϻһڷ磬ҿ߻ڷʦܵ¶ˮˡ
ҿʦԻгҵˡ
ȻһһֻĵĬû˵ڡ
ԽȻԣʮֲ⣺㿴߻ڷ磬Ϊ¶ˮˣ
ǡһôᣬᵽ飬ᵽԽȻ˼ȥ
ԽȻеֻΪڷԼ¶ˮˣʦ־Ϳ߶ԷδЩ޻
㲻е߼ϵ
˵Ƴɣ˵ڷ磬ɨˡһתƻ⣬Ƴɴúܣھѧѧ֮󣬵һ£ǳԼΪʦ¯ҥԣҥԣֱʦһͷ󡣡
˵ƳɣһЦ⡣
ƳǸ֪жġʦǱзרħ޹һǧȴǵǰͬһ㲻лʦܡ
һȻǹеͣȴ΢΢䡣
Ƴɺʦϲ뽹ϣһֱһ쳳ܣòֺ
һԾؼʻƳɣԺʦô׽׽Ҳ󼰵ĳ̶ȡ
ҪĻǣһ壬Ĵޡ
ʦܳĴܣֲԸȥĴ޺棬ԽǻƳʦĴͬύʦܼԽԽ١
ԽȻ뵽Լ뻨Ƴɳܵݣ̿
ǳܵһЩ۶м۵ģʱΪһСòС£Ǿܳһ졣
磬ܹΪ˻óԻǶӺóԣһһҹͣЪġ
ԽȻͻƳȻٹˣȴȻȰ˼ʳû¾˼ȥƷζ
˿ζϴΪͬ˵ɣԽȻϲģƳϲ̵ģ˵ӣԽȻϲգƳϲɳա
ӣʤ
£ҾͲ֪ˣû꣬ʦܾҾѡһдԶ׼ίƳʦܵ£ҶǴӱ֪ġ
ʦӱЩʲô
˵Ƴʦܣô壬Ϊ˳һûгԹ⣬֪òóԡ仰һʦܵͻƳɴ
һ˵˵ţ̾һ֪ʦΪʲôôڽȱ岶׽壬Ϊ
ԽȻݸһЦʦȻȱ岶׽壬Ҳȱ岶׽塣
ĿǴٽгչУⲶʳɱ
ͬʱԽȻҲһɻ󣺡ʦΪγ壿
Ĵ𰸣Ȼ֪Ϊʦֵ˶ɱɺʦгɣΪ˱˳
ɾˣʦֻʮֳ壬޲ĹǡѪôĳ޴Ӻζ
ҵ˶֣֮һ˵ųԽȻ֪£ҺȻѩޣ޵֮ʱ¡ֱһ£߷ų޵ӡ
ʲô£
һ񣬷ԼԳԽȻ̫ûķʲô˵˳Ǽʱֹûʲô¡
ش𣬳ԽȻһף޷ٴԼʦֿʳʲôΣʦֹĻ̫٣Ȼ֪һ£ʦô塣
˵䣬˻ص̫ɡ
̫ɽبܴ½ʮ塢ʮη塢ʮӷ壬нþڴη졣
һ̶Ӻ󣬳ԽȻһִη졣
ֻһΡĹɽۣǽ빬֮С
һ͸βĺۼǰһΡʮһλ
̫ŰȪλãʮһλʮһġ
һ˽֮󣬱ͳԽȻҡ
˵꣬˳ԽȻֱߵ޾̷һλϣʣƳأ
ŰȪƳѾɣʱѺˡʵڲ֪ô
һ̯֣Ӱʯ
Ȫһ䣬һ͸ʯͷȻһС
һӰʯעʻƳɵĹ̾ͳڰ֮С
̷ܷŲӣִʼ¼ʻƳɣԽȻھսǰһ죬ͬһûı϶ֽţ
ſңƳţԽϵħͰԽԽȻˣ֪ˣʲôϵʲôֻս֮ǰһûжֽšǾΪץңƾʲô
̷Ƴ˰Ȫһۣߵ˵ͷ
õŵ̷ֱǰȥ˿Ƴɵ죬浹ҩˮ
һ飬㵽ûԽȻı϶ֽţ
ûУһΣҹ켶ҩˮҲҪ˵ûУγԽȻֻҺദ꣬ôҲЩɡôܺҵȻϣսʤħʤ
Ƴ˵ţ᲻˵ڻԽȻڳԽȻսǰ˵ĻǵƤ
ԽȻԣʱһԣû뵽ҩˮ£Ƴ¶ĻھսǰĽȻ෴
룺ҲǣƳͬҶ죬ûһʵ


7 
ŰȪֱѯһĽ飺ҩˮ£ƳѾ¶ԣȷʵûı϶ֽšץ£ҪҪͷŻƳɣ
ԽȻһֱų˻Ƴɵɡ
Ҫ˹Ѻ£δЩ̫顣
Ȼһ룬ش𣺡ͷŻƳɡ
Ȫͷƽ޹ץ˼ңһ٣ǲӦø˼һ㲹
һӴóϡĶΪ嶼ԡͷƤΪһʮ꣬ǸĲɡ
̷Ҳóһ򣺡һħ󷨣԰ΪҲɡ
һʱ䣬óԼıʲôյĵرȵȣһϵжҪǮƵ˳
ȪЩװһ˭ȥͷŻƳɣЩ͸
ȥһǰӹ뻨ƳɱǸ죬Ӧȥͷ
á
˵꣬һļʾ⽫Ǹ
һͷԳԽȻ
ԽȻȻȻסһ֣̤νлʦ𡣡
Ҳ˵֮䣬лһɿ֣˫ַǰĦոչԽȻ֡
Ӵη죬¡
һ̣˱ִ¡
յִ£޴ûڳԽȻ϶֣޹ģƾʲôץҡѺңƾʲôƾ̫µһɣƾһȺܹùһħ
ˡһƳɣⲻͷ
ͷҵģƳֹͣûɵ۹ɨӶԷһΪˣ޲ܽҹѺǧġ
Ϊʲô㣿һеЦ
ΪҺʦܣʦܸ׽ҿԸǰĴޣ򽻵ȴԸ⡣ҿԺʦسܣһָֻϵǢ
ΪҿһֱվʦԣңһΪ飬ѣ겻
һ֪Ľңң޲ȡ֮ǲǣ㻹Ըͷң
ǡһɫͣ˿ûбƳɵĻӰ죬Ľ㣬㣬ҲǲǷǵˡȻûʦܵı϶ֽţҾҪͷ㡣
ҷǵҪͷ㣬Ҫ̫ɶ˵һԲǴװ챦Ǹõġ
˵꣬һ䣬⿪ħ
ƳһõɣִһеĴҲŲмǵ⳥ˣҼסˣ´һúáر̫ɣ
ԽȻȥ̴СؽС
Ķֻһ֮һʮ
ƳɲмĶԽȻڵʮϧ
ôһƳɲע⵽һĳԽȻԷĵһۣƳɻȻ·˻ŵĳԽȻ·ԽȻûȥ
ƳȻ£̧ȥᣬֹס
ɵԽȻԣʣͳԽȻõ߰˷ԸԸһħ磬ҴԺõġȺõġ̫ɣٹȺͲܳԶˣ߰ɡ
ԽȻƳɵĿŪ޴룬Լ겻ħкĸģöԷޡ
̧滨ƳɲȥᣬˮԴԴϵӿ
ңʲôԽȻʡ
˭㳤ôԽȻһ㣬Ҿ뵽ԽȻѾˣҲһȥĴ޺ύҲȥ˼ȶӡ
Ƴɿߵ㣬˳ԽȻһԽȻһħ磡
˵ţסԽȻļͼԷν
Ƴɣ̫һתסԽȻļ򣬡ɽҵĵӣ˵߾ʹߣ
Ƴ۾µһתǲ˵Ҫ⳥ǽɽңץ£Ҿ͵û˵ɽⲻǳԽȻϣôɵ¡
룡һһǿӲɽҵĵӣң˭Ҳ
ŶĵӣƳɽֹסˮҲɳԽȻѹ㲻Ϸˡ
ԽȻЩԻֻûѾ֪ڼθеˡ
ʦɽԼ
ʦѵɾһۣȻΪ𣿱Ͼʦ
Ȼ㲻ϷˣǾʹһܣ˭Ӯˣɽ˭
˵ţƳɱ仯һСɽСľβһצӳһȥ
һֱʳԽȻо𣿡ᣡ
ԼţȽͻƳ֮ս
һ˵ףһ۸ˡԵƳɻһצʱΪųԽȻѡ˶㿪
һԽȻԱߣִӭͷϡ
޾̷˶ǽޣ
һҽޣһĽҲϳ˵ģݲñǰΣ
һȻƳɻڶצֱʹóļеĴ罣
ʱԽȻֻô档
±ɷȴ磬ԭήֲҲʼ
ԽȻȻһЦʦֵĽȴҲһ
ѾûмʦְνˣƳһʦְνҲµı¡
ɷ£һһħ˭Ҳռˡ
罣ʼһԽȻ˽ò˽⣬ļħƴġ
һȴܿ죬ƺڸƳһ
ƳҲǳصģһצӾͻһĽС
˴ѽѷ֡
ԽȻһԿ÷ֻҪһ϶ģܴлƳɵצӣʦûô׼
þʣȻԼе㼼תһ룺ڲһڵۣôܺȡҪ飬ҵ֣ƴΪ
ָԼʦ֣ɽʦֵġͽܡеָֻܱ
ϾһһӦԹƳצӣ̵ؿڡ
õ̫Ӧһ㣬ǡô
ʦ̫żˣ罣̬̬Ҫȡȫʹó
ԽȻûв룬վһ޵ϣʦսʤƳɡ
̫ˣýͺ޲ȥָһ޲Լʾһ
ԽȻţʦֺͻƳɴӰսҹ
ǻƳ˵ˣˣٴҲֻܴƽ֣û˼
ɽҵͽܣһᶨ㲻ܴж
ãƳɷɽҲҪˡԽȻֻһûҲҪҲû˼
ԽȻеЦʦҵХͻƳɶô˵ȴšֻʦֺ޲ԽԶԽòǡ


8 
ƳһԽȻеЦۺ󣬱Ȼȥͽʦֵ¡
һһʰųԽȻʣɱĵͬҲѺҪȥ𣿡
ԽȻһ£Էһ¶ԷҲһ¡
á
ΥŹ˲࣬˺ܿҵͬ
һͬԳԽȻʲô˵͸Ͽ˵ɡ
ͬٴμԽȻֻ췭ظ
֮ǰܷͬŵӣԽȻԭɽֻǷۡ
ڣͬһΥŹﷸѺ£Էȴ޾̷ճϵĹŵӡ
һӶһ
ͬƳ˳ԽȻһۣЦ϶ǵӰɣˣ㿪𣿡
ϾΪһؾɱɽ
ԽȻǳĬһȻҡҡͷҲЦġġ
ңͬеЦ
ԽȻ˼ߵһ㱻Ѻµʮ꣬˵ǵָһӼ䡣㲻Ҫ٣㻹ܷŵӣֻҪ޿һܹΪŵӡ
Σ㣬Ҫͼȥ˵ĻˡֻأһĻˣڽһʽȥ
ͬЦһΪ˽ѵң
ԽȻеԷһƬġ
ܲҲɱĳֻΪ˹ңͬţҿģҫΪҲɱ㲻ɣճϵŵӰɡ
ȫû뷨ԽȻֿҲǸøл㣬û㣬ҲøΪʦĹŵӡ
㿴ͬʼʧȥǣ˫ͨ죬ҫģ˵ûɡңһŵӣΪһܽؾĻᣬաһֱˡ
ΪһۣʶǷŵ񼺣顣㻹Ϊٱ˪Сʦõ
ӵ̫ˣ֪޿ȴӣǱ˵ĺӣζжôɬ
һҲȥɱ޹֮ˡֻҪŬŬһᱻ
Ŭ֣츳ǰһͬ۵
ԽȻĬˣǰ츳һ̫ɣ㱻޾̷Ϊŵӡ
ȷʵ֪Ŭ˿ζ
ʦ𡭡ԽȻһļ򣬡ˣ˵ͨǻ޾̷ɡ
á
ڻȥ·ϣԽȻ˼ʦ˵Ŭı츳Ҫ𣿡
ôΪġһҲҵʦܱΪ𣬿ͯʱڣÿӽһΣʮΡ˺󼸰꣬ûһշ¹츳ˣ츳ƽƽɲŬ
ֱҹ˲Ŵ¸ϵ޾̷塣
վ޾̷£ԽȻ̧ͷʵɽ塣
ɽһ̶ȪȪˮԴɽ֮ϵ١
ɽϻһݡ
齣Ϊ޾̷ʱһɽ󷨣ֹκ޾̷壬ֻݡ
ֱ齣һɽ󷨱˲ſ޾̷ΧС
ûֱӴ޾̷壬վɽţΪ㿴޾̷塣һᣬǧпǧĵط
ԽȻĬĬ䣺Ҳ˼ĵط
ٴμ޾̷壬ԽȻζӳ¡
Դӷ֮Դʦ־ֻ֮ħսǰһ޾̷ʦ֡
ʱ䣬˼ͻƳε
û뵽һٴλصסԽȻи̾ص˼ĵطصϤֵĵط
һָָȪڻڣûбٹȣϻԺÿ꽣͵Ȫϴ衣һǿϴɾȫĺˮ۹ǿѸٵزһ֮ʧȥ
ǡԽȻӦ
˵꣬һųԽȻ޾̷ɽۡ
ɽһбġ޴ľȻб֦ȴߵҪ
һߵľԣӵڳ̳𻨾ƣʦܵġԴͻƳɻԼһ׼ͬΪһ׼Ⱦ֮Щ𻨾ƣҲû˶СˣΪʦļ񡣡
˵ţһĿƸǣ
ȿȿȣƵںȵһڵʱ򣬾ͱ𻨾ܵľˮǺ
ԽȻȥʦֵıʦֿ꣬ͷһηԼһ㣬Լͷھ̳̳ľԴԴϵعԼ
ûãһƿ𻨾Ƽ˵ס
ʱһѾ˫ͨ죬ƣһƿƣѾҪ˼ά
ˣ˵֮ǰƳɴǸɣ
ǡ
ˡ
֡ˡͽʮ챦͸ԽȻ
ԽȻʮϧڵĴлʦʹ͡
Ҳ˵һЩ֮䣬л
֮䣬л
ǳԽȻһûǰĬȴһ˵˳㲻ǲԵĬˡ
һڳһ̳𻨾ƣĿƸǣ׼
ԽȻסԷ֣ҡͷʦѾˣٺˡ
˭˵ˣһһԽȻ㲻ɿ֣ڵĵӣһһͷܷ
һžƣܿ죬һ̳𻨾ƺꡣ
ʱѾ˫ͨ죬ȫͨ죬һϮ˱һζ
ԽȻĵʦ־ȻҲһ棬һֱΪģģƵġû뵽Ҳ˷ݵһ档ֻǡôݣΪ𣿡
û𰸣һ̧ͷָϳԽȻգʦܣΪҪղѡ֯ˣѵ֪޵ղѡ𣿡
ԽȻһ֪һƺ󣬽ɽ˵ԼеĲ⡣
ͣסĵطҲǷָء
ס½סĴޡ
壬Ҳץԡ
ԽȻղѡΪֹ棬ٽгˡ
ҲˣԽȻʦֵַվѣڳԽȻ궼ûлع޾̷塣
ԽȻͷһ֪ʦղѡΪʦǷˣû뵽ʦǺͬ˵ղѡ
ԽȻʳղѡôˣ
УղѡֱͳԽȻһҪٽгչǸʮֿ̹塣
Ϊʦֻôʹղѡ
ΪһҪ˵Ը⣬ȴȻ죬˭ܸߡ˵û˻ţҲû֤ݣһжֻҵĲ²ѡҲ˵
ʦʲô²⣿ԽȻġ
˵֣һҲ˵Ļ
ԽȻҲñһֻһա
һ˵˵ţĿضڳԽȻϣʦܡڿϻˡˣһֱϻΪ˺𣿡
˵ţǰȥƺҪȥǳԽȻ


9 
ԽȻʶܿһǡ
ղţʦ
ʦ˵Ļһֱ޾̷壬Ϊ»޾̷ʦΪ˺ʦ
ʦ𡭡ղʲôԽȻʵ
ǲţʦҪ
ʲôһճյЦôᣬȻҪ㰡ʦܣôˡ㲻֪ÿȥһڷ磬һ̰жޡ
ش𣬳ԽȻκˡ
ʦ־ȻҪ
Ϊͻڷ绶䣬ʹ޻ڷ磡
ԽȻĴһƬհףһסĺףʱûü㿪
һǡ
űðԵ
ԽȻѣһƿһŻŵʦúÿңɽǳԽȻ
ֻڣܶ㿪ʦֵǣʦѹ
ڣԽȻòһ¡ʦְ
û뵽ô˵ҪǺղԶˣͲҪٻ޾̷塹ʦ֣ȻԼ
ȫ߸˳ԽȻĹ˼ά
Ϊʦֺ޲Զ޾̷塣
ɸղʦ˵ʲô
˵ʦܡڿϻˡˣһֱϻΪ˺𣿡
ԭʦԼ޾̷ġ
Ϊʲô˵
ԭʦǰġ
Ϊʲôĵף
˵ںһܾʦֵܶ
ԽȻӴûôҹʦʦ㿴վǰĲԽȻңͽɽ
Ҳֻɽʦּδ˵İ⡣
һʱ֮޷ʦֵİ⡣
ŶһڳճյЦţɽ֪˭ȡġ
˭ԽȻãˡ
ҡһЦ⣬̫ɵ죬Ƿ壬㣬һӾҵʦܡǣҺǷ˵۸Ϊɽ
֪ΪʲôҪΪɽ𣿡һʡ
ΪʲôԽȻ˴𰸣ȴ롣
ΪʦܳԽȻֹɽһ˵𰸣ϳԽȻ롣
ԽȻȻԭɽԼ֣ⲻɺϣʦֿΪ֮Ľ
ɽһڴݼ׽֣·ܴƷɽǸҲǸ֡ʦеԽͬ
ԽȻ׹һΪӣżȻǱȻ
Ϊ̫Լ
Ҳ
û뵽ħХħƳ˵ˣʦȷʵԼ
ԼǳԽȻû뵽ġ
һְסԽȻĺףҪǹ
ԽȻʦ𡭡ˣһ㣡ɽ
֪һЦ𽥱ÿɬҵȻ֪ɽҵĵӣʦܳԽȻʦѾˣŵ㡣
˵գҪǳԽȻ
ԽȻ֪룬ֻһƿʦ֣ʦһ㣡
ȴ룺ˣľƹƽϡʦ־ˣԼҲ֪ڵΪжưɡ
˵ţ߹ȥڵϵһ޾̷ۣ֮ǰʯջϢ
һȴȻ䣺һҺܣˣʦҵģҲҡźýʵů
֪ʦְԼ󣬳ԽȻЩֻô̶Ժ죬޷ƽ
ԽȻż临ӵ飬˱ʯջ
עʦֵǼʯջȴʦֵˡԴʦߺҾͲסˡ
ס
һֱסʦܵǼʯջ
仰һžʯͶ֮Уˮ
ԽȻԭأþûز룺ԭߺʦ־һֱססʯջ
ľȻԼǼʯջ򿪡
ˡһЦӦôϢĵط
ԽȻʦַԼĴϣ׼ʦ˯ź뿪
û뵽ʦȴȥӸϣű˵ʦܵζ
ûã
ʦܡԽȻ̹ɽ
ԽȻԭأʦıЩʲô
һ̣ЩĶӡ
ʱܾãֱ𽥱䵭ֱʧ
ڲúһʯ骻ζ
ԽȻҧأʦھʲôﻹ֣
֪뿪ļ䷢ٴΣһΣۼ֤ˡ
ԽȻηʦѾߣȴҪʦ¡
ƿӣ˾ʦϵ۹
Ȼʦ֣ɵ޾̷ס
ʦطýȪС
ʱһ˫ۣһЩѣɽʲôԼϣҵ·أ
ԽȻӴȡһϮʯͷϣʦʲôǵ𣿡
һԴоЩʹ֮󣬷ʲôȷʵһ㶼ǵˡ
Ҳǵˣʲô
·ԽȻһڡ
ʦʲôǵãǸᡢʦ֣ǰʦܣͽܵʦʦ֡
·ȪϴʲôһɻԽȻ
ԽȻԴΪʦ˾֮󣬳˺ܶ麹ţʦȪϴ
ô鷳һܽ¡ѧûУ
ѧԽȻش𣬡ӾãȪϴ
һһЦʦһ麹ϲþϲȪˣҲһݡ
ʦַ˻ԽȻֻý⿪´ˮ
ԽȻܺã鸹ȣʵ
һˣȻζʦܺ񡣡
ڣԽȻԼԼ£ѾãֻҲû̫
ǰҺʦܾȪ衣һĺܺãڻҪһЩģóŬ򲻿ôá
лʦ佱
Ҳ˵֮䣬лһ
ǡ
ˣһȻһ£ͬΪһؾĻˣɱġؾҪǷҪ룿
ԽȻһ£廹ڣȥһؾͶһݻԵǵȥ
áһصͷõǸĵر̫󣬻ʺڵĵȼȥСؾԼܹ̽õһЩ׵򡣡
ؾʲô˭˵׼Ҫ壬ùһҪɱ򲻹ӡһԸ
ԽȻٴθеʦ֮ĸңǾǶ̬ȣʦΪôƫ
Ϊǻáһ˵⻰ʱᣬü䵭
裬˸ϵȪˮʧ
˴һųԽȻǰǸؾѾˡһؾ㣬ҪκβܽѣͨѶһἰʱؾ㡣
ԽȻΪʦֵⷬеůͷá


10 
һųԽȻؾ⡣
ؾϷһŷֽֽ÷Ļд̫ɡ֡
ⷽؾ̫ȷֵģɲԴ룬ͻᱻ̫ƹؾų֪ų׷ٲ׽Ȼͷ
ԽȻ磬ʱ̫˻ûе
һԽȻ½ļ򣺡ȥɣкܶԵķ˵һͻڣڡ
ʦ½ĶôóԽȻЩ˵ﲻԡ
ֻõ˵ͷ
˵䣬һϿ
ԽȻ̧ͷȥֻһֻڰգѤõβϳǻ
һЦЦǰˡ
ŰȪŮԦʦ֮ڣѽᵤ츳ٶһǧ
Ϊ˵ЩССԣ˼ƣǸѵõĺˡ
̫ɵĳǶܳ
˪Сʦã˵ҪųԽȻһؾͬĲͬɱɽ
һл䣬ءһ׹أצ¡
ųСɴӳһԾ¡
ĳСɣֱߵԽȻǰϲ˵㱻ճΪŵҾ֪ؾ̽һݣҲҴ㡣
˵ţǰһϳԽȻĸ첲
ԽȻĵһ£ͷ΢΢ʹļӿֳ
ǰɡкĳ棬оǰ˵Ҫؾ̽գᱣ
ԽȻռеĽз˰һ
۵Ц
ʱһɫ˰֣Ůܲס
ͷһ£ģƤɰճϣҾϲɽҪĸ첲ⶼ𣿡
ԡһɴؾܾ
Ǻðɡһ˲ʧ䡣
ָܿˣԳԽȻ˵ܹһ̽ؾ˵ؾпΣգǽڵʿܹ㡣
лĺ⡣ԽȻл
ȷʵڲڣʲôΣգ˵ͻȥǽʿܹ
Ȼ˵ΣʱԽȻܹܹ֮ûõġ
ѽ֮䣬˵ʲôллģѽ˰֣ⶼӦġ
˿̣һһؾȺɽʲôΣգͨѶҼɸϵˡϾɽ޾̷ˣ˪Сʦá
úúáεͷл˵ǽؾɡ
áԽȻȻӦ
˵䣬óһŷֽԼϡ
ĳСҲ
ԽȻ׿ʦ֣ʦֹȻݸһŷֽӹֽϡ
ֽܹؾ
ؾխƣ߹һխ·ڣǰһƬֲ
ǺͳСɶԦʦ̫Ϥֲɽ֪Щʲô𣿡ǰһƬֲȴ֪ʲôʲôã
Ǻ˪ˮ˵ġԽȻָָһƬֲָָмһƬֲѪΣġ
һƬƬָȥ˵ֲƺá
ۡóݵԽȻɽû뵽㶮ô̫࣬ˡ
ʲôǡóˡСɳԴף͵ૡ
СɵĻô˵Щֲƺá
óСȻиӳζ
ǸϿժЩֲɡ
ֲǣѪܲңԽȻʵ
⣺ΪʲôֻҪѪһ֣
ΪҵѾͻڣҵȴԶԶѪԽȻ
ãѪιˡ
ժǰһƬֲѾǰʱˡ
ԽȻѪյԼڣȻԼһԾԲֻһܽڡ
ԽȻ԰˵ûв²⣬Щֲѩ˪ϲģؾѩ˪Ķ
ЩھΣǴ˱˵Ķ᲻᲻̫ã
û£ֲѩ˪˵˲飬ǲȡһЩ¡ԽȻԼ֪ش
ûмǴѩ˪ϲռĶȻԽȻĴȻߵߵǽԣãӦþ
ԽȻǽעдʡ
úǽڿ¶صı
СɸϽԼĴװ
ȴüͷ˵Եȡѩ˪ı͵˰ɣ
ЩҲѩ˪ط͵ģԽȻ̹̹ǲǵеˡ
һЦˣһе
ԽȻֻһͿԽףѡһеڡ
ʱ䣬оԼһס
ڵϣȴ
Ҫ𣿡ŵʣҺͳСػ㡣֤㲻ţĴڽ׵ڡ
ôףҲһڵĵӣѾǱٹڵĵˡһֱ࿴ҡСԹ
һڰ֡
ﲻһ
ǳòһ
仰һС޷֮˵Ҳ㳤ӢڿٱĳԽȻǰǲ
ûãԽȻʹӵվ
ʣڽ׹Уû谭
ûСԽȻʵ
̫ˡ
ʼԼڽ׵ڵḶ́ʱĸףҲ̫ŰȪػ
ϵУŸ׵ıա
û뵽ԽȻһӾͽˣûϣǺεȵ
͵ǿɢļٱǧʯһŴʧȥıͲǱˣƽƽ
ԽȻᣬٴձе
ΣһԾڣԲֻһԵܽٹڡ
ôԽȻ룬Եʲôôǰû
ȡʱһ쳹ؾ
ѩ˪ϱߵɽ߳˭͵ֵݣ
ܿ죬Ŀڶɽڡرĵطȴ˴ˡ
ѩ˪ܵɽڣԽȻˣֱԣҪɱǣ
õڰͳСɶԦʦͨԣܹ
ȵȣǰԽȻԴĶǵĲԣûжĺӣڻڲڰɣ
ô֪ѩ˪ɻˣ㱻СӴƫصҸ˺ص͵ҵֲ͵ҵı
ǰҹԪӤڵĴܡԽȻһжϳ˺ӣڲڣδؾܴùǣϾһλʿοҵʦڶҡ
˵䣬վ˳ſֱۣԽȻͳСɻ


11 
ѩ˪ЦҸ꺢ӣڲڣʱҲëСƥеģ
ժҵֲ͵ҵ鱦ҪѪҪ⡢ǵѪܽޣ
ѩ˪ԪӤڵѹѿڣǰǳصģŲǵ⡢ǵѪŻˡǲԣͷŹǰɡ
Źǣѩ˪һŭŹǣʧȥֲ³𣿷Źǣұ͵ߵķܻ𣿡
򿪴ǰ㿴ֲֲǵĴǻǣ鱦ҲǣǶ㡣
⻹ࡣѩ˪Ȼвȴ֮ǰôŭǿ㻹ңȻҵĶ
ͳСֻý֮ǰժֲȡ鱦˻ȥ
ѩ˪ţòƽֱ÷ŭѪûˣǲ˭ȡҵ鱦ûˣͬڷ
ԽȻĸ첲վ˳ǰȡѪҲȡ鱦ڵСԲ
ѩ˪ţҪɱ㣡
˵䣬ѩ˪ԪӤڵѹкѹóԽȻ޷
ԽȻ޷ֻö֮ȴҶ̫࣬ؾؾһԼš
֮ԽȻɵضѩ˪ѹͬ졣
ǰѪκ鱦ҪҲûãĺӻãҪĸιֲܳ㽫Ѫκ鱦ɼ͸ңպؽر
ѩ˪ԣЦֹһڵĵӣС˵˵ôرң
ԽȻǰڽ֮ǰһڵĵӣȴԲƾٶȣţûܹԽҡ
ȷѩ˪е㱻˵׵ٶ˳ԾҴδ֮ˡյԽȻ
һԼǰ֣ԽȻаٸн
ٽˣԲֻһɾͣҹͣһǰǰǰҵΪˡ
ߡѩ˪Ŀмó˵ѣ˵ĻŲšҲպرңҪھ⳥ҵʧҾɱ㣡
ԽȻʣҪô⳥ʧ
һ켶ҾͷŹ㣡
仰ԽȻûʲôӦȴ߷߲ƽǰΪǡǲ̫ɵСӣ켶ɣһؼȨ⳥ˡ
Сû𣿡ѩ˪ģ˵Ҫ켶ĵؼ㻹ԼŰɡ
ԽȻһʮĵرóκһ켶
Щ᲻ãΪĵرɱĵֲͷֵǮǧ򱶡
ԽȻ̾һ˼Ǵ˴ǰĶѡһɡ
ܹħ󷨡յĵرѩ˪з̰ĹâҷˣҲֻҪһȫҪ
ǰԽȻЩߣ˵õĲһֻ˵Ҫһ켶⳥Ը⳥㣬⳥ĶõĶǧٱٵôߣ
ʵ˵㣡ѩ˪צӣҪȥԽȻеĴ
ԽȻ룺ҵģ
ͷȥ֮ͨͨѶٻʦһ
̼䣬һؾ붴֮УŽ˭Ҫҵĵӣ
ڵѹѹѩ˪ã𻰶˵
һʵǿԷģ޾̷壬һֱ˼̫С
˼ܺƥеĶ֮٣οһֻԪӤڵѩ˪
Ҿ֪ûһöһӶҪɱ㡣ӣڲڣĺӣҲһɱɾ
ʦ𣡡ԽȻסһҽҪǳȥɱһѩ˪޹ģ
޹һԴᵽëȻ޹ģ嶼մѪҪαװ޹ӡ
ڴ֮ǰֻ֪ѩ˪Ϊ鱦ûɱ޹ΪֲֲûȥɱɢޣֻΪ˶ȡֲȪЩѵܷ𣿡
ʦѹֻѩ˪˵仰ɡԽȻ룬ʦ־ʹɱһѩ˪ٻʦıⲻ
һĬƬ̣ڻѹѩ˪˵
ܣұ֤ûɱһ壡ѩ˪˿˵ĻᣬԼ壬ҿԷħġ
һ˵㷢ħġ
ңѩ˪ħģҴûɱһ塣ѩ˪仯Σڵأָħġ
ˣһǿǰֻѩ˪ֻ̰ͼ鱦ó͵ߵ鱦ɱԽ
Ȼˣղǲ̰ͼͽܵıҪ˺һɫࡣ
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£ԽȻ֪ʦ˵ɱ֮ӲԷǸʦ֡
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ǰôʦӲĻʦ֮϶ΪԽԽ
޾̷;УԽȻһʦһȫµ֪еůʦִͲɱ޹ˣ
ͷʦּϣǧǰСʱ
ͷʦּϵ˲䣬ʦֵӱýӲˡ
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ʦϲɽ
ôʦᡣ
ǳԽȻֻؾصرʦֵҲκζġĶ
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ԽȻ²ۣʦסҵøסˡ൱໥һ䷿Ϣ
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12 
գһųԽȻ˼ĶУྩ
վڳ⣬ȺֵĽ
ԽȻǳ˷ܣܹ˼úóһˣһˣȤ˼úˣ
ԽȻһߵ⣬صм飺Ǵģྩʲô
̫ɵˣྩ档ԽȻԺԼ̫ɵӵݡ
ȻصһԽȻǴ̫ģ׷׶Ҫ¹򣺡ˡ
ԽȻŰصˣǲǺһͨˣֻЩˡ
صͷͷסԽȻ䣬ʣˣ㿴ûɵʣܲܺǻ̫ɡ
ԽȻûһڷ̽ϰ֮˵Ĳעȥ
ź
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һųԽȻ֣ͷųѹȴ᣺ͽ֮¹˼ùܣ޾̷ܡҪҪɣȥ˼ڵļζݷʣǡ
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Ҫȥءһѣǧ˼䣬ֻΪβˣδΪˣ֪Ҫôźá
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һЩϡ棬̲סЦ
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13 
ԽȻ֪Լﱩ¶ˣֻþװɻӣʦΪдһʣҾҰɽ
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һԼ֪Ϣһ˵˳еĽȵؼڳԽȻϡ
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ˡԽȻЦⰻȻʦ𣬲ˡϲֺ֣ܶҶ԰ϲŮ֮ϲֻǵ͡
⻰һԽȻԷ顣


14 
ʦģڣǲ̸˵ġԽȻָ̧֤ģħġ
𡣡һһסԽȻָ˶ԷԣҪħģΪİѱҪֹʱһڽ֮ǰ̸˵ˣΪԶͣ𣿡
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15 
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ĵɽʮħݣֻѡһХųԽȻسԶ
ɽҪʮħݣҲҪһ
̫̰ˡХҡҡͷħ磬ǵħѹƣҪ𣬺ѡӱжˣϼѡ
Ȱǣ黹ã˵뷨ʮħݹջ⣬ʮħҲˮһգ
ǲµӣħеġŰȪȻȻ˵״ҵӣȥХս
Хȴս˼˳ԽȻһ˼ĶѾ㹻ԼˣԸͬʣµ˾
ųãɿسȥ
һ˴ˮ½룬Խ׷ֻǰħԽŨѹƵԼ
ֻħѪĲԼħѪħг裬ͷХ׷ȥ
һľ룬Х룬һҲ׷롣
ֱХ¸һˡ
Х֮һסˣλû֪֮ҪλʵϵķԸòΪλҪΪ¡
һסۼԽȻʧʧֻʣ뿪ȻҲ
λǴڵʿοΪһڵŮˡ¿ʼңʱ䣬˵ҵͬڸʱǼҲǺöԸġ
ÿһѵߡ
ħĵѳʵճʵĵӣԻ¹Ȱ
壿һʣɽһˣɹХ棿ҲϣХУʧȥӦеϡҾ鷢
˵䣬ħһƬǧϰˡ
ȻûһλǴڵʿǺڡڵʿ
ûһηսһǳأһλڵʿ
ȪʱסһճϣѵҪΪһӣɱ˶޹ħ𣿡
ҵĵҲ޹ģƾʲôҪХХ棿һ˵ţβɫ
£Ȼ̫ɣ޵塢һ飬ҪҪȥɽȪһļ򣬡ֻҪɳ˺㹻Ķ࣬Х᲻һУ϶ͷɽ
ҵȲˣһ˵žҪǰ塣
ճϣ׳˵ǣ㲻ĽɣȻ̫˺ú飬ĵӡȰ˵
һҪǰȴȪ̷ˡ
˵ԽȻߣХѹѹţʮֲ˴ֻѪ
һ֮ڱֵһ㡣
֮˹ȻЩҲǿ˵㡭һΪʲô
ҴȻǾ氡ХԽȻתסԷ֫΢΢̧ӳԽȻû뵽ҵѹ֮£㾹Ȼܹ£ܿ˵㲻һƽˣǸɵĺӡ
лл佱ԽȻû뵽ХΪХ
ХЦЦø߹ŵ˵Ҵȥص磬ҪԽȻĳ̶ȣɿ뱾ȼ硣
ԽȻˣħΩһĵط
û뵽ħХ°ΪҪڿҿҵֱǰһˮƽ
ʱԼϣХڹǰһּƣ˵翡ܣֻᣡ
û뵽仰ȻǷĵġ
ڻҪһڣǰ̶ֳȡ
˼䣬ХЦһͷ΢΢˳ԽȻһ¡


16 
˺ܿɵ磬˼һƷ
һ崣ھ롣
޾̷ĵӰХųԽȻ촽
ԽȻȻХⲻѾ
ſҡԽȻѵ㡭ҡ
˵ͲХЦһԽȻ£һѽƵ㲻ƫƫҪ
˵꣬ڳԽȻϡ
ãԽȻȫﶼȥ
Хֿʼòء
ſԽȻ̵
ƫƫšХһЦ˳龰ѵԤϲᷢʲô𣿡
ᷢʲôԽȻвԤиǿҪǸһָҸƲ
ХԽȻһͷָЦҲҪһָʮָҶҪһ
˵꣬סԽȻֻ֣֡
㣡ԽȻͨ죬Ҫ
Ҫ黹ںءХԽȻۣԹԵضš
Х޳ϸָġųԽȻǰԽȻ߸ϣ·ɽϵѩ߲ʡССĵӣѵ䲻ϣ
ޣԽȻХӡ£ʼ˼Ա
óۣԼʹ֮޷ХǰԱһʹ˴֮һᱻХǳԽȻ
ڵװڵڣһȫʹ֮ǶȻܲ
ǳԽȻ˷ͷ
Хһ㶼żһֲͣһ־ųԽȻķβʣ㲻ʦ𣿡
ʲôͻȻᵽһԽȻûзӦ
ԽȻһʦܣħսһûȥΧۡԽȻһҲûһᣬŨ⣬ҪȥҳӺʦ֣ܵΪʦܱѩޡ㲻𣿡Хʵ
ûмʦΪ˹𻨾ƶᣬʦԼķǵ£ԽȻܻỳʦ֡
ڣ֪ʦԼһӺԼ顣
ԽȻʦûŨ⣬һֱʦĹҪԼ̵ҡ
һƣһĻԶˡ
һòȻҲϡ档ϲʦܣҲһԣͶԷˡܡХЦϲԽȻ׵ġһˣǺ˲ȥ
֪𣿡ХЦһұɢԽȻղԶˡֻҪ½ųߣסĴޱȻϾס½
Ϊ㣬ԸʮħݣɢԽȻղԶˡ㿴ңòã
˵䣬ХǳԽȻ
ԽȻʵ޿̣ſҡ㲻ҪҺͳԽȻﵽͬˮƽΪʲôҪЩ£
ȻΪҶԳԽȻãֻתƵˡХЦŻش𣬷·ڳЦԽȻ档
ХĴ£š
ʲôԽȻˣ뻶ڷ绶䣬ڷҲΪ̶ֳȡ
ХҲ˵ֱƬ̧֮ͷһԼϵ
㾹ȻǴ֮ХԼԽȻһ𣬡㳤ѵ̫ɾû˽̽㣬ʲô𣿡
Хѵؽɡ
óԽȻе죬ΪХҪԼû뵽ҪԼϡ
ʹХԹ
ܹ
ԽȻȻʹǾͲҪٽȥˡ
ٽȥǾٲˣûлͷ·ˡ
ԽȻѹѹסֻܼѵ˵ãХʩΪ
ܿ𣿡ȳʵԽȻҲûʲôŤģ£뻶ڷ֪ٱˡ
첻ˡХŵί
㲻ǵһΰɣԽȻ΢΢Ц
һ仰ȴХۣǳΣ㻹Ǵ֮ʲôʸЦң
ҿɲǴ֮ԽȻΪԼ绤ǰ뻶ڷ粻֪ٴΡֻǴ֮ѡ
ôĸ˶ܲ˵ģԽȻ
㡣ߴٵҪͱˣ
ƫҪХ˵һûħ߹ŵӡ
ȵ֮Х̱ڳԽȻϣá
ϸ΢ԺԲƵĶԽȻЩ
ԽȻһХ˵ſҵǯơ
ХҡͷҪǷſǯƣ϶ˣԸͬһá
ұ֤ܡԽȻ
ðɣһءХѹſ˶ԳԽȻǯƣҲ֪ǰܡˡ
ĻХҲ˵
ԽȻ˸
㡭㡭Х϶˵֣˫ͨ죬۽Ǵᡣ
ƻˣʲôô𣿡ԽȻʱ򻹼ХҪɢ£ħô鶼רأ
ҡԸ⡭ܡܵ𡭡Хʹֻ䣬ûйĿϮԺû˼顣
ԽȻХͻȻͷȥûС
˻ڷ֮⣬ͬڶ˻䣬ֻû뵽ħХ
ħХǹˣһţ˵ԼԽȻšŵ龹ȻˣҶԷԼ
ԽȻХ۽ǵ飬ʣ֪˭ӺڳԽȻ𣿡
֪֪ХŴѵػش
ԽȻû뵽ԼһʣȻʳ˴𰸣Щ˭
öˡֹһХ˳Ҳ˵һܡұ뱣ܡ
ҺòãԽȻպң֪˭˳ԽȻ
УʱХ
úúãԽȻͷХĶͷοԷ˵Ͳ˵
Х𽥰ųԽȻͷ۾һκòã
ԽȻٴǶԷĶͷ
ХȴǶͷָָ̧Լ촽
ԽȻЩңûж
ХסԽȻĲӣԷѹݺס
˰죬ХûͷԽȻзЦ
Х˫Ŀû뵽ǾȻ
һҶ־õս𽥽֮󣬳ԽȻӴͳΪХۻࡣ
ХָͷˣþòŻָԴ׵ҪڳԽȻʶϲﻹлڷʲô£ԶóԽȻ䡣
ԽȻЩЦħ嶼ôֱ𣿡
ʦ֣Ťϲһ˶ֳɾѡ
ǵġХ̧°ͣħлֱ˵ϲϲϲǲϲƶˡ
˵ƶˣ廹ǱȲħɡԽȻڼƽ϶ԷҪɢ˵£ȻԷջ°Ӹһʮħݡ
ҲǣХƵؼ·ΪԽȻħƶ˶еŭմմϲ
ҪҪȥȪһ¡
áԽȻҲ·Х
л˵
Ϊ˹󣬰Ѳµݶɾˣҽſɡ


17 
ԽȻı޾̷ĸƷȻȪҲһ̹
ֻȪֻаߣħȪ
ԽȻ̤ȪХĺۼ̤ħȪ
Х콫չһ̬Ҳޡ
ûκκۼΪԽȻмڴֻмʱԽȻŶԷ֫ڶԷݵ֫ۡ
ҲܿɢΪХĻָˡҪڣ˲ͻɢ
ХЦ㻹ǲϲң˵õʱ̲סǶԷڶԷºܶӡֻۡҵ£ҵ˫ѡ
ԽȻЦЦҲǱȫ
ǳԽȻϣХǺۣϻ˶ԷץۡڵХµĺۼûôˡ
Хԣɫһ䣬ǿȳԽȻѾȻ´Σô
ҪԷԼȫԷȴκθ飬Կ
Хܿ췴ӦԵĲǳԽȻˣһɽԷ飬Լθɣ
ҲûڶԷͶֵͶѾˡ
ǿȶԷӦԴΪܡ
ͨһؽڣХ˹֣ԽȻԼ
ԽȻܿƣ˷ȪħȪ
һɲǣΪħȪƣ˶
һҡХסԽȻþӸµûԷܾ
ΪʲôҪ㣿ԽȻʼ⣬ѵոûԷ𣿿ɶԷ¡
Ϊţ֮£ҪȫХȫ֪š
ǲǰˡԽȻЦЦһƶԷ֮еĴ
Хһ£־ӸµˣǾ;ٰϼ䣬Ǿ㰮ˡڵ㻹̫ҲмΪ¡
ԽȻһ£û뵽ХȻôԶҪϼ¼ֱ˼
ſҡԽȻ΢΢üХĻִһȪħȪұƣǳħȪ¡
áХԽȻһۣŶԷһԾȪ
ȪХħƣôǴڵĴܣֻ΢Ĳûжĸܡ
ڣ˰ɣХ·˵һѰ顣
ΪʲôҪ㣿ԽȻеЦ
ȻˣҪһϣǶԷʲôҪȥӦ
ΪԺΪҵĵ¡Хƶ˵˿ûпǳԽȻӦ
ҾܾԽȻüûɿΪʲôҪΪĵ£Ҽʹ˴ڣҲе£иŽ¶ˮˡ
⻰Хø䣺ͳԽȻĺ񣬾º¶ˮһ㶼һģһҪһͨϲ¾ͺˣô¶ˮ˾Ͳǻڷ磬ˡ
ˡԽȻ֪̿Լܻӭû뵽һ쾹ȻŵħХҪŵ¶ˮˡ
ѡڷ統¶ˮԭģΪڷ˺ֻܶ࣬һ»ڷİ
±İ
ǰˣħХȴ˵óԽȻе¡
½Ե
ôϻХʶԽȻȻΪĵ¡
ΪħХµ֮꣬ȻΪû˻ܾû뵽һԲССӾȻҾܾ
㵱ҵĵ£͵õҵĵ¡Хѹеķ꣬䣬ҲҪһڵ˵ҵĵ£ڡ
ԽȻüģû취ХԷͲ
ûһֿܣҸ뵱ĵ£
ңХд˵㵭ŭ
ƽ˵һһ˵Ƕûħҷ
ХһϳԽȻĲӣ㵨Υҵ
ԽȻΪֻؿХ˫ۡ
ХԽȻĪ飬ƿ˫ۣԸͳԽȻӡ
˲֪ãХڽܳԽȻʱԸͬΪµʵɿǯƶԷӵ֡
ԽȻõϢĻᣬ֮һأȻ
ȪԴԴϵӿڣչ
ʹ֪࣬ǴԲٹˣƽʹࡣ
ܿ죬ȪˮգԴԴϵزǸϲϳԽȻõ
ȵһȥ΢΢ԽȻϵʹųʧ
ҽٹˣø졣ԽȻ룬ǰø졣ǰٹڣ˶ʮꡣ壬ֻ˼ձڽ˱ٹڡ
ȵԽȻɣµȪˮ½Ȫ
ԽȻһХ˺ܶ࣬˶Σȷʵǲŵڶμ棬Ϊҵĵ£ȷʵûиպҽȻȻͻҲ顣
ԽȻЦҪκ˽ֻ̣ҪԼϰ͹ˡ
ХסԽȻסԷؽͷ̽롣
ԽȻ޶ԣХ
ХĲΪʲô֮ǰ֮ʱң
ʱڳԽȻѣȻԸХ
ңХõ
Υأ
Х䲼ȥ˲ܣȻȥɣûгֹΥ֡
Хе΢ŭͬʱЩ棬޷ƿسԽȻ档
û뵽һССıٹڵӣȻҲԽȻĻ
ΥҵһܾͷХ˼еɽ𺣣Ҫһ֣
һֶҪ
ôҵҡ
ԽȻ޷ֻúХ
ǰ뻶ڷŻ飬û뵽ػһȻħХˡ
ǱȵģΪûܹǿ
ΪߣĿǰҪ
һǸϽָǰˮƽ
ҳӺ֡
ʱԽȻĲɣХٴζ飬ڶžݵ֫ڳԽȻҲ䡣
ղŵ£һΡХųԽȻ
ԽȻʥˣȻٴ˷Ӧ
ԽȻΪХѹȪʯϣٴα̢
Х֫һǰûеĿС
ǰХƽ֣Хȴ¼ٵشϢ·Ҫ͸
óԽȻ˼С
ոջХӵХڱ±̢ħ塣
ҡҺ󱳡Хٵ
ԽȻʹĵͷХĺһֱǱԷ󱳡
ⳡ飬óԽȻĪ㡣
֮Хۻࡣ
Хȴͷһο磬ųԽȻĲӲ֣˵ϻ˫޵ĹҪȥҪһֱ˫ްɡ
δ̫ơԽȻХ֣ǽޣȻҪÿջӽϰ棬ܳ¡
ҲǡХ֣ԽȻķβ㻹ԽȻ˵ģֻͳԽȻ߰˷ƣദҲСˡԼ档
ԽȻЦΪǳԽȻɽ


18 
ԽȻХ֣㻹ϴϴˣ
ϴХҵһֵߣųԽȻ֣һϴ
㲻ħȪϴ裬ҪȪϴ𣿡ԽȻЦֻһзǳ
ҲǲԡХųԽȻʼȪϴ衣
ԽȻȻû뵽ХԼϲһ̶ȡ
ħӽеǳܣȻХִڵļܻ÷ǳ΢ǲܵġ
û뵽ХȻԸΪͬһϴ裬ħȪȪС
Ҫ˷һ΢Ĳ
ΪħХԣȫóԽȻһħȪϴ裬ûУѡͳԽȻһȪϴ衣
ϴХһӴóһڽɫķۡ
˿ԽȻ·Ϊ㴩Ķʲôã켶͸ˣøлҡ
˵䣬ִӴóһɫķۣǰԽȻɫ
ԽȻûоܾӹ۴ϡ
һʳ˿ڣȰɫķۣɫǶ˿˿ôɫķۣĪϲԽȻΪϲռİɡ
Х仰΢΢̧°ͣ߰Ųֵô
ԽȻܾХķǣŲֵôʱĻ΢
ΪХϲΪռۣɵõĽȴһ䲻ֵá
ħХǽԼڵһλϲϲĳ̶Ҳޡ
ԽȻ˵ʲôζܾˣԳһЦĵΪХϲңͻΪЭҡϲֻŪһ֮֮ȥ
˵ʲôΪ£Ҳſһ˵˵ҪڣſҽΪ£Ǻӡ
ԴˣԽȻᶨ˲ϲХģԷʲô޷
ΪУϲһֺʥĸ飬ӣҪ˫Ϊ˴İХ˽İ
ԽȻϵ÷ۣХӴóһı
ԭǰͭ͸˰ɡХüһҲôССһĽûи׼׼
˵꣬˹ȥ
ԽȻӹĿ¶ɫѲŵǿ˵ıôСֲǽޣռôõĽʲô
ʲôХ䣬ֻҪ֪ѽԺı˾С
ԽȻôõĽһʱϲȪԻӳ˵һ
ʱһ󴺷
ХЩȣôᴺ罣һͽûãӦûʱ㴺罣
˲䣬ХĿ㵽˭
ҾɽԽȻû뵽Хôϸһϸ΢ŹֻǼ׽ס˵һжѣҶᡣ
ХųԽȻ˫ĿԽȻûӳ̹̹
ΣХջĿ⣺ˣ˵ĻȻֻһУôʣµļоɡ
ԽȻеȣû뵽ХȻᴺ罣
ôţʳ˿ڣô׽ģ޾̷ոĽ޲ϰĽ
ҼԽȻʹ׽ҹĿһΣܼסХȻ֪Ŀ츳ԽȻ˶𺳡
ֻסһΣе񣬻ҪԼ򡣡ХߵԽȻԱߣʰԷƽ˸ʽ
ղŵһõǶԵģģһ°ˣǰߡХڶУ塭
Хʹһ飬ûħ
Ϊ罣ʹҪħХ˵ֻסһΣе񣬻ҪԼ򡹡
罣ԽȻò죬Хôһ㡣
Ĵ㲻ôůġ
Хʧǰ壬óǰʧ֮ǧҪǻԽȻ϶᷸򵥵Ĵ󡣡
ҲǳԽȻԽȻѲգۣɽҵȻȲĿеԽȻ
Х򴽣ðû˵ƺɽǳԽȻĴлز
ѹסԽȻ֣½ڶһ飺סû
סˡԽȻûеڶζŪХʹó˴罣
ʱů˸еܰ
ŵССֱһУԽȻżЩ˴ŵĴ󣬵廹ǶԵġ
ˣеĽ㶼ѧһ飬㽫罣һҿХɿԽȻ֣ߵһԡ
֣ģһ°ˣǰߡ
𣬽ŵڶСУǺʽᣬȴƽ⡣
ڳԽȻмֱ飬
ü٣ϴݿʼ
ԽȻΪֻͣбٹȳڣӰķΧֻΧĴݿʼ
ǰԽȻڣһʹô罣ڶգ˼䶼ܻش
ü׳ԽȻԷХٴλԼһССĴ
ŽʼӽβֱԽȻûٳ
һ״罣ϣԽȻսХô
ԡХǿͷϿɣ˽ܼĵط㽫ǰһˣ඼õʮ·ǵһϰ罣
ǿ츳ԽȻХĻɣû뵽һһšֻһ飬Ҿôؽ
ߡХЦһȳԽȻԶءǼĽģ㲻ҡϰһǿˡ
ΪóԽȻȡԽȻ΢Щõ𣬶ֻ޾̷һĹŵӶѣʲôñȽϵġ
ΪǳҲ񡣡ХڿϸԽȻһϿɣ˵ҳʱ㲻ڵΪʱ⣬ѾǱٹڵΪˣ׵ٶȣ˵ԽȻҲȲ㡣
ԽȻ֪ܽ׵ô˳ֻΪװǴڵѡ
ҿһΣ㲻Х˫ֻɽʯϾ
ԽȻҲֵ
һһһҹԽȻڵͿˡ
ݽߣҪȪԽȻХ͡
ǲãХºڽɫۺͰɫ£Ȫ֮Уһǵ֮¡
ԽȻЩͷۣûôǿңХտ磬ʱʱ̶̿һΡ
֪޷ΥХ
ѹ·Ȫ֮УХȥ
ҡХԵ
ǺۣǳԽȻµģû뵽ХȻû÷ЩۼóԽȻԸв졣
ԽȻסХĺ󾱣סԷ֫˽
סԷӶԷĿвϵؼȡҺ


19 
ڳԽȻХʱ̫ټ׼һͬħ磬ԽȻȻء
̫ɷټĵһ죬ʤ½ľȪ¡ڡɽׯϻڣϻ½ĳʤ֡ϼիƽ½¡ۣԼڤ½Ĳɡȶ̫ɵ˪塣
ŰȪ˵ֱӣûвҴţ޾̷ճϵĹŵӱħХ°ˣճϡǰȥӪȣС
ħħǵԷʵ
ɽׯׯܸӣħХʵԽȻ࣬˴򲻹Ҳ
Ȫµֵһӷ𡹣ֱʵΰټǰΪ˾ȳճϵĵ𣿡
Ȫͷʹ鷳ˡħ߷֣ħХͳ죬ʵѹƵ£ƾһɵʵȳɽֻټһæ
⡭ɽׯׯѣȻ̫Ը̫ħ̵ǷԹ
̫ħХ֮ĶԹƾʲôҪһ룿ȹǲͷһվʾԡ
ʱţҲǳԽȻֿѸͦץߵӣɽǲǾǳúͳԽȻ߰˷ƵǸ
һף
һȻǲԸ̫һȥħ磬Ӫȱħ°ߵɽĸԸ𣿡
ڸҲϺţŸµһʦöٲȥƷ
ʱԥĵɽׯׯǵɽׯҲԸǰ
ȹЦһⳡս˼ɣȥħΪУΪӪһФƳԽȻĵӣ̫ЦˡǾȾ롣
˵꣬ȥһڵ뿪̫ɡ
̫ɲͣǲԸⳡսȪԤϡ
̧ɨµȺʣԸ𣿡
ϻڷؿڣһھ˻顣
ĹɣͶһ˵ķζ
εӪж֪˵֮һղԶô
ղԶһŴ˱ߵĽ㣺ħ֮ķ޹ء岻ζ
ղԶ˵ʱһεضڶԷϡ
Է˵껰һ˵һȻһ
ʦһĽˣϣܹŽһ¡ѣ²ؼ߸߹һֹӲδ̫ѿЩѣ
ճϣ֪һֱƫղԶһĿᶨ죬ȿǵľ棬ⲻʲôֵɡ
һЦֹ֪ղԶֻǹ߻˵ƭʦͷת򣬺ͶԷһ𴴽ˡ
ʵϣԷǸϸˣˣֻΪ˸岩ȡˡ
ҡ
һһֱͷղԶ֮ǡ
ʱ򣬾ȪµֵΪӪһˣһħķˣⲻԸġԣǾȪ²롣
ô˵ƽ½Ҳ˵ƶɮµҲ롣
ΩкͲɹϵҪõڣϻ½ĳʤԸ롣
ʤһ֮볤ʤҪõĳϼիҲԸˡ
ˣһ¡ȪħХܴ½ıԵɢߣĿǰѾ֪½ǷҲߡ
Уʤ½ľȪȷǱӻµǣĪߣ˸ҩ޷ߡ
ҲУϻ½ĳʤֽվ˳뾡޷ߡ
ƽ½ҲٽµĴƬ죬ǵһʱΣûа취
ڤ½ĲҲ˵ҲߡǻΪֻǸû뵽½߷ħХĹ
ȪΪֻܴ½ߣû뵽Ѿӵ½ǵߣֻħħݲƽ⡣ڣԸȥħɻж٣
Ȫ¡֡ɡ׹ۡԺȵȶԸս
ֻΪȡħݣ˳ȡɽ
˿̣һ˼ղԶĴûߣ
ûС
ΪħХר½ͷߣĴͷţħХкιϵ
ղԶһʻɫࣺճϣ֪ңͬˣʦֵܾѡ
˵Ҫʣ㽫ˮϡħХһϵûСô֪Ϊʲô½ͷߣĴͷš
ŰȪԣ˼һ£Ȱһ˵ХôΪ϶ǲĵ
ղԶͣǰſǵȫ
Ȫʹܽîʱһˮ¾ڣȥħ彻档õĽǣħڣħݽһս
һԣȴ룺Ȫ̫档ХȻ˼ɢˣ϶ţһս޿ɱˡ
ɢ
һȥɼߣһ͸ƿС
ϵĴޣɢĴޡ
ҹУһ硣
·һѵľٲƽᡣ
îʱ˼ˮ¾ڡ
û뵽ղԶҲ֡
һЦղղ˵˲ôֳˣ
ΪʲôճղԶһûкĴˣ߹⽫ߴ롣
ͬʱԽȻХ׵ѽѷ֡
ϡ¹µϣ̧ͷԽȻХ
ХԽȻǱϣļȲˬ£
ϣھˮ¾ڣ׼ǿħ磬ȡħݣ˳ӪȳԽȻУһֱͷû̧ͷ
ô壿ХüûĴɢߣֻ½ɢߡղԶΨͼԸӦ½ĴޣԲⳡս
˵Ĵ޵ҲȾߣ¹ڵϣ䣬ղԶžʱս
ǲδǵĶ֡ХǳԼʵʵ
ûİ¼ħҲ򲻹
İ绢Хұ֤ܹӮ
ߣХ˸뷱ĺڽսۣãȥ
ͷԽȻʹڴ˴ҵĺϢ
ԽȻȪзɳɫķۣסХ֫һȥ
׸ХƳ˳ԽȻһۣΪҲ֪ʲôھͷ޷̫ɡ
ȻԽȻԼ˲һֻХеΪˬ
ХԽȻ§Լһٶų÷ɳˮ¾


20 
ˮ¾鼷еˣаȪһղԶͷ
ԽȻЩ뱧ХڴǰȴԼʵãӳϵȥֻñš
ХֵʱһƬž
ֻһϵԽȻԷ֮ƣȻǱХ
һжȻһҵҪХ
֪ʵ޷ɱХֻƾ쵽һ㡣
ˣкιɣХŵ֪ʵ
Ȫˣǵ󣺡˼ͷŵģֻħܹϣܽ㹻ħݡΪһ
ڶ޾̷һĹŵɽϣܹ黹
ХԣЦ㲻ϣڵδЩ̫һһôøɾ
˵ɽˣʮħǽҵˡǰʮħݽ𻹿ԿǿǷɽǡ
һսȭͷ䣬ʮħˡ
ХϵȻ޷黹ħݣôɽǱˡм֮ףգڣǾͽΪ¡
һһƬȻ
˭֪ħХŮɫҲɫһϣԽȻʵ¡
û뵽ȻҪһպΪ£
һҲ̲סŭ𣬷𣺡϶ɽôм֮סڽΪ£ΪƣԲӦ
ŲӦӦǱˡХʮ㣬㿴§ű̬ôǡ
ԽȻԣɿ§Х֣ȴôҲɲȻХ˷ֶϡ
ԽȻʧЦǺαأЩɿ
Хȴɫǰҵӣ
ԽȻȻǿŤĹϲ𡣡
㷽Ż׵ѽѷ֣ھ˵ֻװʲô˾ӣ
ХˣΣԽȻûз
ڱˣ͹̬˵ʲôǿŤĹϲХúܣΡ
ˣ
˵Щ˶һʵܲԼ֣ضԴˣԴǳں
ǵֻһħ彻ħݣͷɽȻĻǾҪǿħˡ
ƾЩˣХĿ¶м뱾ΪУ
Х˵⻰ȴûʲô̫ĵʵЩԶԸ
ˡХ״ĵ𣬡ղԶûĴɢߣҪĲӦǺ޸ôҲսˣ
ȻΪĴҹͻȻߣǲòħҪħݣԽߡ
ԷħģħûĴɢߡХͼ˵ղԶս϶˼ĴɢߣұҴˡ
ǣҶҪħݡղԶĿħ𲻽⽻ħݣô˳ⳡս
ղԶĿɨһң˭Ĵɢߵģˣһҳ
ԽȻֻ룬ʤĿԲŻӣǲԸղԶ˳
ղԶѵˣ廥ѣ⣿
档ХӴóһ׸ղԶаħݣԽĴ޵ߡħݣͿԴ뿪սˡ
лħ𡣡ղԶħݣԼ峷ˡ
ʱԽȻ·һʶղԶһԷͬԼ̸ͼҵ̸ʱ򣬿ɲ
Է˵ѣһ෴ҲǣѣҲҪ
ڣղԶħݣȻ뿪սóԽȻЩղԶıʡΨͼ
һĴɢߣΪľսղԶ뿪
ղԶ˻𣿡
Ȼ˵֮һҲԽȻˣղԶػش
λһλ壬һλ塣㣬ǧѡġǳԽȻǧѡġ
ţǷӦѡһλµн˵أһʵ
ȻղԶƽػش𣬡ʱȻʱѡ
ѡĺʱһγνɪɪҪѡˣ˭𣿡
˻һʱ
Ҷ֪ҺʦΪ˵¶ֵ𼸰꣬䣬սħǰҹһ棬Ҳûм档
ҴǰһֱƫǣԸƫʦְܵ𣬻֧ҡ
ϣʦֿܵѸ˽˾ˣʤְ𡣡
һ˵ȶᣬһħ·ܹ˵ˡ
ϿճϳΪ˵Ȫȷ
ղԶȴЦһճԣɱܹ֮ʤ˵𣿡
һΪԼ绤ҳɱһ⣬˺壿
˷׷׵ճһֱ޾̷壬ûлӴ壬ôɱ壿
վ˳һ˵ϴҺɽǰؾٻԼǳ񣬵ճϼˣû˺
ֹˣѩ˪ѩ˪ҪɱǡճҲֻѵһѩ˪ûɱ
ԣ֧ճϳΪ˵
Ҳ֧ճϳΪ˵ɽׯߺ
Ҳ֧ճϳΪ˵漸ʮɵ˶ô
һƽﻹǺܵĵģʱ̾ó
ԽȻĿ࣬û㶮Ϊ˶ѵʦ֣ΪκȻڴ˿ҪΪ˵
ܿˡ
ȻҶ֧ҳΪ˵Ҿȴ֮ˡһǣҼȻΪǷȨ壿
ղԶһһĿġԷҪս
ɫܲصͷ
һħĴսز룡˰벽ߣɱ⣡
ǣ
ش
һָӵȥסߴ󾳵ħ磬̫ɵʮȥħХһս
Х첿ǰλþ׷ᡣ
ħ磬ͻеʮֲʣХ
бϴΣ̫ʮˡ
任ħƬӲɫʳɫ
βХĳһ
ֻþ޴ġءһβͱХҲˡ
̷ܷ÷Ȼһ󷨣ХŰΧ
Хס˲óô󷨡
˲䣬һô罣Хʹó项ԿԷĴ罣
ڴڼ䣬ԽȻһֱХûа취ɿ֡
ǣɴܣܲܲҪңԽȻЩҾֻܸɵۿǰɣ
ʲôХѵԻỤȫ


21 
ԽȻǣôҪսۣȻܲ룬ֻܸɵۿţΪХڶԷϡ
ع۲쵽¹ڲ̣ʱɲת
֮ʱתƵڣڵʱתƵ֮
ð֮Хķλîʱ̵λã
ҷ׷λù
һĽʱϵֻյû˵ĵطһѽ
ХȴһλѪ
櫣¹ܹתʱ䡣ХĨĨǵѪܲ㵽֮ķλ
˵꣬óóһյλúһ¡
ֻ櫵ҼѪ
ŮͲɱˡХԸҲ֪ҪǱ࣬ͻˡ
ɫӣûиж̣ϵظХ鷳
·ĶʦԼƵķҪʯһХ
ʲôŶ鳡۹⺮ɽڴ̡϶
Хû磬Щ׷һһ䡣
ԽȻĳȣֻԼڲűٹڣܲμⳡս
Хڻ׷֮󣬷ɵߴ֮ϣóúݺݴ룬ɲƬʮּ̣ıþȻ޷͸
̷۵ķһ˦
Хڲߴ֮ϣֺݺݿסƬڱ˦ֻ賤ʹڤƿ̷۵һ
ˮķǸޣ˦һױѷѷֱХȥ
ŵıѷܹըƽһ塣
ڱѷը֮Хȴ˿ֻüеʹҧ
ͬʱƳ˳ԽȻһۣ׸Ϊ˻ס㣬ܵʹƽһ
ԽȻ룺ԼԸģûǿ㡣
ͬʱȴХʵһµʶû뵽̫ʮΧХԷȴࡣ
ķķܿǻеʦͿʦһֻһСɽߵĻеХȥ
˿̣˦ХХеڽ¡
Ƭ̺Хóƿеͻһ׿ܣɵ֮У˭뱾һս
Ƿ¼ʦʦзХļϳһƬƬͼ
Хһκʹ¼Ч
ֱХϵͼʢֱϨҲûжХ˺
̫ȫʵ𣿡ХȫʵԸ˿ҲʮԸʮˣһħҲԸ𣿿ֻ̫һԽȻܹ뱾ΪУ
һĴ罣ħħݿήɳ櫵İ£˵Х֮⣬ĽХá
ͬĽ罣ڳԽȻУȻͬ
ǳԽȻܹХҲ޷˵ֻսС
񶦷ţ޷Хʵ˺ХĻʱ߳ŭ
ͬʱȴҲףХ˵ǶԵġ
ʮ޷Хһħ
Ųͣ٣أԼ֮һ
õݣ³ֵǹٵ
ԽȻҲϤǡ硷׳ӡ
Ȼ
ȻǳԽȻ޵УΪ̤ѩԵ
˴˼꣬ѽѷ֡
ȻХɫһ䣺ôˡ
ȻܹԽȻò£ȻǼѶԸĶ֡
ХȥһϮƮƮȻԭصȻ
Ȼ㲻һɢ̫ҵʲô
Ȼ̧۾ǷȻħХʵԽȻ൱ҺǺ棬ô˻̫ɵ㡣˼ߣҶ徻
Ȼ룬һŤת
ХˣԷѰѷĵϣܡ
ХʹɥֵȻ
ѾȻϣ޷˼̫ʮĹ
ܿ챬ѷһαըʹѡ
еèҲҧһ⣬ҧĺڽսۡ
һ˿ʹ꽣𽥾ۼƲ㡣
ĽʽᣬֻХϻǳǳĺۼ
֪ΪΣԽȻХˣЩζô˴һδ̫ƽ
תһ룺Х˼ɢߣӦáӦñҲܺˡ
ХХһãǶҪ֮ǰҲҪϼ
˵꣬ſλȥ
ʱӻûйȥ櫺ʱȻǶԻġ
ֻҪɱ櫣˾޷Ԥ⵽֮ĵص㣬һҪɱ˾櫡
ԽȻһ׹󺰵櫣Ҫɱ㣡
Хԣŭɶ㵽ǰ˭ģм֮ףֶ˵֮Լ㾹ȻҪ̫ɵˣ
ԽȻ˵ָ櫣ȴԼ޷˵
ΪʱնԻХ櫰֮ķλ׼ɱ
ڴ˿̣ȻסХȥ·
Ȼ˿ңһŽʵХס
Хá°衹ƿȻɵ
ڴڼ䣬ӹȥХ櫵ʱջָԭλ
Ȼħ磬Ϊħ֮ʣʵǲХģ̫ʮİХ˺ۡ
ѷһХϱըõıѷһţըХĺڽսۣ¶ϵĺۼ
Щۼ˶ͣ˲䡣
֮ǰХ˵ĻɽȷХ˹ϵ
ԽȻЩֱӣХ̹̹Ҳֻð̬ХϵǱǿȵģ㲻ʲô¡
û뵽⼤ŭһ
Ʋϵ£꽣Хϵĺۼڳһ
˲ХģȻ绢Хһۡ
硷ѾҴȻС뢡Ĩޡժ⮲ֹ
ѾȫסХˣȻ޷Хˣȴһᡣ
ХǸˣ£ټսܡ
ܲġȻ
֯һŽʵХһʱ޷ѡ
ǾҪôХƲ㿪ʼ̸С
Ҫ㽻½ߵħݣԼ黹ҵĵɽһĿ䣬ᣬġ
ħݿԣҪҽɽⲻܣδĵ£˷֮ʵХ֪Ʊǿһ
ɽڣ㣬ԸħǸһ޾̷壬ѧϰһĿŭϧĶȻ˽ȵˡ
УҲлῪ˵ġХ֪ɽȻͬõʱ򣬿òУһлᣬ϶һ뿪ħ硣
ʱԽȻָָԼ죬Ȼڰ֣ʾԼ˵
һ˸ԽȻʱԿ˵Ҫʦ޾̷


22 
ХԽȻĻʱŭɶҶ㻹𣿽Ƴ˼ķ棬޾̷ĸƷ
һ㻶ãӦպΪ¡㾿ſߣ
ҲߣҲ֣һ޾̷壬صʦߡԽȻؾܾХߡ
һ˸ԽȻ֣
ԽȻƮƮҪһǱ߷ȥ
ȥХһѱסԽȻҵˣҵĹص޾̷ȥһӶֻܴھ
ХסԺ󣬳ԽȻ޷Ȼ޷һȥ
һֻʾȻ٣
ԸģȻԸһָΪ˸߰һɢޣû˿
һˣֻԼʹ꽣Хȥ
һ̣Ȼٴ
һХ㲻ħݣ黹ɽվҪɥ˵أ
Хףһ˵Ķģ᲻ýɽ
һĽХļϣһۡ
ȻһХ棬á
ʱ䣬¼ͻŵܿĻеͿܡ誵ıѷݵķ̷۵ķ櫵İԺͰȪĲХȥ
ХΪ˻סԽȻԼһ˳еĹ
˦ʮȴסԽȻ
ԽȻȰ˵һȥɣȻҪˡշպǼʱ仹أһʱ
Х仰֪ǳԽȻΪ˻޾̷˵ǣȻһ˲Ķ
仰ԽȻڹһպкܳӿദ
ãХЭʱûһ⣬ǽһƬҴӦħݣԼԽȻ
һ³һڳ䣬ƺз籩
Хóħݣ½ߡ
һǰȥӹʾԽȻס
ԽȻȻסʦֵ֣Ҫվʦ
ХʹסԽȻöԷ뿪
յԽȻߣ˵Ļպʱ̣ǵӻأһʱ
ԽȻΪ˻صʦԣҲû룬æ˵ͷ
ԽȻͷХʮֲĵɿ֡
һԽȻ̤νϣ§סʦֵ֫
һ󺰣ХѾ䣬ǻȡħݣԽߣǾʹֻ˼䣡
ǣ
䲻ش
ܿ죬¾ۼˮ¾ڡ
˲أħͬ
һս춨һȻĵλ
뿪֮ʣһɵȻԣлû㣬δܹսʤħХ㣬лл
ĶѣԸ˭лȻɫҲȻһƬ˵Ļȴ߰ѡһĸж
ȻˣҵĵлǶˣΣζ㡣һָֻǸģΪȻĻ
ȻⳡսȡʤҲɻȱǷһҪ󣿡ȻһĳԽȻ
ʲôҪ󣿡һЩ档
ܷɽʮ죿
һɫʱһҪɽʲô
Ȼ˼ԽȻ߰˷ƵɽǰԽ˼
Ȼ˵ɣȫû뵽ĻԽȻһ𺳡
Խ˼ԽȻЩɻʳĸ֡
ȻȻͷڳԽȻ󣬲ףҶֵ޵֮飬˼֮顣
ԽȻе𾪣û뵽ô˶˵ϲʦֵħХٵ޵Ȼ
ΪʲôǰЩ˶ûбֳҪͨ
ңôϲ
һԽ˼ĸ֣ɫѿɽǻˣԼ˭ˡҲµҪ󡣡
ǡȻЦһֻݹٷŻ𣬲յưɽΪͽͼúͳԽȻ߰˷𣿱Ϊ˼ǿ
һɫɽΪͽǿͬðٱ衣츳ھʹڽ׵ٹڣʵΪͽкβף
ȻˣͱӲȻ壬
һνʹ罣ֵȻ
ȻԽȻս൱һֵܹģ
һȻƵˡ
ԽȻһȰʦ𣬾ȥȻɡ˾ӣ˵ֻǿʮ죬;ԲԽ
֪ʲôˣһƳ˳ԽȻһۡ
һ֪Լ򲻹Ȼ̫ҲδȻĵ֣õҿԽԽȻʮգڡ졣̫ɽˡ
ãȻ仰پ壬̫ɽˣϣʱ²ᷴڡ
һԣ׷Ҿڡһ򴽣ȣܶɽֶš
𣿣ȻϸֳߵɫΪԼеʹǸ˲Ϥ֪Ϊˡ
Ȼ˾ӣûʲôǡһͷռ
ռ˵⻰ʱȻ߻ûɢ
λšղԶǻ˼䣡һ
ǣ
ص޾̷֮һһ¾ǽԽȻӽȪ֮
·ѵúϴϴһɫȴһᣬħХܿˡ
ԽȻѵɫۺ£¶ĺۼ
һҲѵȪ֮С
ȡһߵԽȻǰڳԽȻĲϣȻע
ԽȻϵǺ˲ʧ
ԽȻЩŤǵʦ𣬻Լɡ
ħХµǺۣһƳ˳ԽȻһۣȴᣬᵽëȻɡ
˵ҪǰȻ˫ɽׯѵҪĺۼȥ𣿡
һ˵䣬ƵԽȻϡ
û˵ֻʹطţ·ԽȻХûзϵһ
һͷԽȻԷı飬£֪ʦֵıһÿ
ԽԽ£˳ԽȻĸ
ˡԽȻʦ𣬻ǵԼɣʦԶΪϴ
һȴţԽԽ¡
һֱͷٴ̧ͷ˫ȴͨ죺õǰ棬ĺ棿
ˣʦ㲻̫ܵ𣿡ԽȻ޿̡
֪ʦֶгʦֵܵУһʱܽܡ
Уʦ־ֻʦֶѣЩѾԽ
һȴͨ˫ۣסԽȻĺ󾱣ȥ
ԽȻһƿһʦ֪㾿Щʲô𣿡
ƾʲôХԣҲԣһʳ仰


23 
Ϊҵʦ𰡣
ԽȻ仰ȴǡΪҵʦְ
ͬʦһ𳤴ͬ㣬֮⣬ûκŮ֮顣
Ҫͬʦֻãһֱµĸо
ʦһ㣡ԽȻͼһҺХҲǱǿȵģԸѵʦҲҪǿ𣿡
һӯڽޣ·һ̾ͻ˫ͨ죬۵Ĳġ
ԼӵĶ˽ȵǡ
ĳԽȻƿǧ֮⡣
һһĨɫħס
Ϊı䣬ԭӡ
̹ԭ˵ڵĻڶ˵ڣԭȴ£ڶ
ңѵûһ㶯ģһ⻰ʱ򣬺˼Լ޳ȳƵչʾ쾡¡
һ沿ͣѵһˡ
ԽȻһСһ𳤴ͬ㣬һıף˵ȫݣԻһ̵Ķ
ϧһദʱ̫ԳΪ˵ĳ̶ȣ˼
ԽȻĸһһһĶûУƲۣʦذϣ·Щˡ
ЩЩ£һģߵԽȻǰ
ͼͼҡԽȻڻ˵˳
ҹ㣿һճյЦûˣڹ㡣˵ЦΪʦûн㽣ȴ㡣
ôûбҹһסԽȻ򥣬ŶԷֱԼ
ʦԽȻͼû
ͬʱһס˶ԭأá
ұһ˵䣬˫ѾȥڶԷϣǱ㣬Ǳ㣿
˵꣬ڳԽȻ˫ѵˮ
ԽȻ֮ǰҲһ׹ʱһˣ˿̶Էȷѵġ
ڶԷѵʱ̣ǣóԽȻеѿܡ
ôܹһʦֶ£
ʦݹֵ顣ԽȻ
ŶһʣҪô飿
ҪʲôҾţɣҲ޾̷ˡԽȻȻȻ¶ġ
һ̲סЦ㾹ȻôйʲôҪǳúʦЩΪҿ㣿
䣬ǿ˿ԽȻ졣
ĩˣһ촽ôˣû뵽Хһ
ԽȻɫ죬ʵԽܺԼʦֽǡ
ʦ־ֵһ˭ԸԼֵܽǣ
һڳԽȻϲͣһ飬Хõǰ棬ĺ棿
ԽȻһôţȻ͡
ǿŵʦ޹ذɣǵԼ¡
йءһٴڳԽȻ˫һǣҴҪǰ棬Ǻ档
ԽȻ޿̣ҵʦ𣡡
ʦΣһͷųԽȻĶͷ״ǣ˭涨ʦͬӻã
ԽȻеһֿʼĽɣڿڣõҵǰ档
һ⣬һ³ԽȻ´Ź
ԽȻǰʦֻ֣İ
ӡʦԶģ飬ûʲôܹ졣
ʦָĹûŵʱ̡
ǰˣžʦ֡
ʦ֣ʦڲͬǰŲͬߡ
ɽǰʦ־ժĹߣ¶˷˵һ档
һɨųԽȻĿǻһҲϷŹ
ԽȻƵ鶯ǻ飬һرĿгĴԡ
һҧסԽȻ´ʣ˭ĽǼãХĺãҵĺã
ǺʵģȻһĺãХǶᡣ
ǳԽȻƫƫش𣺡Хá
ԽȻ´Ѫһҧ˶Է´ΪĴ𰸲ҪǸ
һ飬㲻ҪһɿԽȻ´˭ĽǼãңХ˵滰Ҳϲ˵ٻˡ
滰ХáԽȻûиıԼ𰸡
һ⣬ųԽȻ´Ѫ飬ʽС
治ԡһ۵֪ʲô𰸣ƫƫô˵Ҫҷôң
ûʦ𡣡ԽȻһͨ˫ۣϿҵǡǡ෴Һʦֻ᲻ϲʦЩ¡
ƾʲôХԣҲУһʳ仰Хһʱ§ֱʱ˵շ
ôֵ飬ȴûΪʲôХ飬ҲԣˣҪң
Ϊҵʦ𡣡
Ϊҵʦ֡
شһ񣺡֪ͲΪͽˣʦͽܵݽɣǷԸͬһˣ
ԽȻҲط񶨡
һƬ̣Ϊʲô˲ң
Ϊͬʦ֡
ԽȻ޷仰˵ڣֻܵΪҽ㵱ҵĳʵЩ顣
һֳճյЦˣ곤ǧ꣬ĳХҲ곤ǧ꣬Ϊ֮ȴ
ԽȻҲֻ֪֪ȷХĴִܵʦֵĴ
һ飬Ҳ˵
һ˫ͨ죬ɫͨ˫Ƴ˳ԽȻһۣΪΣɲ㡣
ԽȻһһƳ޵ܿعʦֻüȵɣһ뵽ɣ޾̷塣
֮£ɲ㡣һŵҵʵŰȪҪҲ޷롣
㣡ԽȻһǰô֪ʦֻһ档
˵䣬һ˫Ȼ
ԽȻһ÷ԭأܲԷĶֻһһĿС
ҧ´Լ
𣿡һڳԽȻʵʦܣҺǰôˡ
ʦܡ֣ԽȻ֪ʦǽԼԼˡ
ʦһ㣬ɽǳԽȻԽȻϲԽȻӦΪ񣬶ǽҵǵ顣
꣡һʳָԼ˫֮ϣʱ򣬾ͱ˵ɨ˵ĻԼ֪ǳԽȻС
ҾңҲ˭ԽȻ
һ˲Լʦʩ˱˵κһ仰
һǳԽȻ
˫§סԽȻĺ󾱡
ԽȻһ־޴ı¸Ϯ˶µġ
һ죬óԽȻеһĥ޲öԷЩ
ԷʦʱҪƿԷٲԷӴ
һӦ֮󣬽Ȥкţʦܡʦܡӵˡ
ԽȻǰδеĿУȴᶨơҪƿʦ֡
ʱڣ˫˫ͷš
һȴϷŹԽȻȶԷӦڹٴܻ䣬ֱԼ۵ָܶ
һȪָһӣܹ⿪ԽȻıͶʣұХΣ
㲻ХԽȻ˵żٻ̼һ
һȴװ⣬˹ָ컹ҪȥȻĨȥϵĺۼ


24 
ԽȻȴѶԷѾ, ǽˡ
ԭǻһһҹ
һָʦģҲ, ֻǲȥϵĺۼѡ˵, ҪĺۼȥȻ, ʮգ
ԽȻԥһ, һƺЩ衣
ģ, ֱһЦģûоʲôֻĨϵĺۼǴڵ, ɵĺۼһٹڵ߿ȥġ
ԽȻߵһǰ
һûĨֱעһӽкۼ
һߵ, ԽȻɫķۣХģ
˵, ȳԽȻӦֱӽɢ촷ۡ
ͲҪ, һ˵һһõķۣҲɫġ
ǶҴɫķۣǲΪԽȻϲɫķۣ
֪ͺáһֱ˺αװǧߣԽԽȻԽ, þ
ԽȻ鸴ӣԼ
ǿЦ
Цȴȷȷطˡ
ХʦֻȻ, Լ
޷, ֻɱô, ΪڵݲǳԽȻ, ɽ
ҪݺɽݺһݳԽȻɽ
һѾվڰߣ塣
Ӵóɫķۡº㣬ڰߡ
ʹ
׷ۣХǼ½ƳĵóԽȻӳ
һԽȻ׼ϧûͳ˾ΪղԶѡ
·㣬Ǳˡһ˵ŹֵĻ
ԽȻʮֲϰʦ֣ʦַ·ֱӱһƵģʶʦֲġ
ʶʦǫ飬񣬲˵ֵĻ
ʦϲҪ롣
˴·ϢĳĬ֮ӡ
˾ɽ۵ľУȴȻĵ
ȻʱɽۣѾˣɷɽ
һͳԽȻľ߳ӭȻ
һ΢΢һЦľУյߡ
ȻܾأΪ˴ɽ衣
ҽ˽ˡһɨ˳ԽȻһۣȥɣǵʮպ޾̷һ²̸Ҳͬġ
ԽȻû˵ֻȻĹ١
ټһųԽȻ
ԽȻͷҲأһԲ
Ȼ״ЦʣͬһʲôŤô㻹Ҫ룿
޹ءԽȻ䵭һݺóԽȻĽɫ⣬ͬʱ£㲻Ҫʡ
ȻͷԽȻҵ̬һ䵭Ϊһʼ׽̤ѩ㣬ûиºӡⲶ׽ˡ
ҲⲶ׽塣ᵽ壬ԽȻǺ⿪ڵġ
Һûв׽塣
Ǿͺá
˵䣬˫ɽׯ
Ȼ˫˫ɽׯϢĵط
ɽׯɷǱ£Сˮ滨ʯĿ
ɽʯǰ
Ȼƿһ䷿䣬ֻ涼ǹ١
Ҳٵķ䡣ȻһǵãҵһԽȻսõľǿľ١ù塢ӡ粺ͽβȵȡ
ϧ˹ţҲԼ⣬Ȼ˵õҶֵ𾴣Ů֮İ˵ڣ
ԽȻȻͬԼˣ߶ԶԷһЩøС
ˣ֪˶ٵ谭ܹɹҲΪԺ
Ȼóľ٣һ泪
áԽȻȻ棬֪ȻЧ
ֻǼϡ
ָͬ任ʡ
ԽȻ·һƵڰʱ̣Ÿ裬Сۡ
伱ûС硷ǰ졣
ĩβԵЩңϡһ֡
һ
һԽȻúá
ö
ԽȻ̹Ȼ㵯ٵʱ򣬷ǳܡ
Ǿ㹻ˡȻĿ¶ͣവҸе֡ҵٲΪñ˴ң˶ܡ
ԽȻͷõܡ
ˡȻ״Ʋ𣬡ûʦ٣ټ߳ÿնһʱ١
ԽȻǵ
ʦ˭øã
ҷֲԽȻԹһǺֻ֪ܶ˶úܺã÷ǳܡ
ȥ޾̷壬ûʦ٣ҵźȻп
һգȻһյ٣ԽȻһյ١
ÿε꣬ȻʳԽȻܣԽȻ㽫ԼʱܵĻ˵˳
ȴû뵽ԽȻÿ˵Ļ棬Ȼʱ롣
ˣȻоԽȻһԼԼ֪
ȻԽȻͣµٵ֣֪źʲô
ʲô
ûڳԽȻǰһΪҲЩһգȴԸ
ԽȻеȻХʦֶȻȴûУԷͷ˴
ˣȻøи
ˣɫҴȥͷϢգҴȥϻ½ȻųԽȻߵͷǰ
ԽȻƿͷţ沼ü򵥣ֻһŴһӺİӡ
ΩһǴ߷һˡ
˫ɽׯ棬һҹԽȻڿͷڴȡ
ܿ죬еԼӯٲɸֹͣ
ȵȻԣųԽȻǰϻ½
Ҫȥģȥʤ𣬻ǳϼիԽȻڹϣͲµȥû§סȻ
ǡȻ΢΢ҡͷҪȥС
УԽȻԴȣвѾԽȻ˵𣿡
档ȻһЦڰǰԽȻһٶ˵лķʽͨȵԽȻһҸȼҴȥ۽硣
ʱڡ
վԪӤڵĴܣóһ᾵ĹʯҪȥӡ
ΪҪӡԽȻе⡣
ֻҪӡͻᱻں¡
ҪǲӡǷͲܽУ
ǵȻ
ԽȻȻʵǲǿӲ
ԡҪʶΣûӡⷨҲҡȻȻ
ǳԽȻ᾵Ĺʯɽӡ
ְչʯϵһ̣ڵͱȡһ˿ֱע벻Լ
ӡС
Ϻõһī룡ֻҪʮ鼫ຮ֮صƷʯ
ҹʨǧѩѾ꣬ȤĸϽ£˾ûˣ
壬ۿɿڵʱ򣬿򰡣
ԽȻͣǰλ۴ޣԽȻȾȡҡȾȡҡ
С˵
ʱ߹һ״壬ʣֻʯ
һƷʯ
̫󡣡
ǾͰʮƷʯ
ʮƷʯ
Щ̫ˡ
Ļҿˡ
ʮƷʯߡ
ֻ״ĺֱͯӡ
ס֣ԽȻ󺰳


25 
״źͯ, عͷԽȻֶԷűٹڣ, ׼ֱ̺ͯ
ԽȻ״, ޷, ֻðνʹ罣, ȥֹ
󵨣ˣһٹڵ, Ҫǻ뱣ȫԼΪҵͣǲҪµĺá
ԽȻ͸ԪӤڵΪ, Լ϶򲻹ǰȱȻȾСŮ
ΪҪȣȻ׼, е, ѵҪһȹƾһ֮ȵù𣿡
ȵùԽȻ϶, ԽȻʵ൱Ҫб壬¡
ǳԽȻҲˣȻ
ǰԽȻһɽǴڵΪ, е֣˭;˭
û򲻹, ȲԼȵζ
ԽȻͬȻ̲, ù, ҿɲ, ˭˭ںˣҺθɣ
һλԽȻһأȻĺøֱ½
ǰСŮԵ𣿡
ԽȻģҪСŮ
İôģȻдŵ㵭Ц⡣
ʱ㾹ȻЦóԽȻ׷ŭУΪ˼ʶ̵ֲĳ棬ȣֻһ𣿡
ԽԽԽȻˡȻЦҪǼֳӦ϶Ҳһò̡
ǣǺͳԽȻҪǰҵɳԽȻҲԡԽȻ飬辶˵ϲԽȻôжϲҪɵ飬ǲҪæ
Ҫɵ飬Ұæ
ߴ߶˰죬ûꣿڿԳŮͯûȻʵ֪ԼǶԷĵ֣Ƿʡ
ԽȻԻõĶȻ
˵ʲô
ԽȻȻһֲطһ顣
ȻǹЦŮҪܳԡ
̫ˡԽȻϽȻĻ
ʵ˵СŮҪҲУóʮƷʯ
һƷʯһٿƷʯСŮֻʮƷʯʱȴʨӴ󿪿ڣҪʮƷʯ
ȻȴںֱóʮƷʯǼຮ֮صʯȥɡ
˵Ǽຮ֮صƷʯһʱЩֶ΢΢
ͬط̺ͬԼຮ֮صʯΪͳ档
ʯٵ뿪
Ȼüģʣ㻹ҪĶ𣿱̤ѩ㡢ҹʨǧѩͷ޵ȵȡ
ҲҪҵĽ㹻ˡ
ԽȻֻжԼıŵˣŻȥ׽塢塣
ԼĽģĶΪ
УЩСȻ㲻ҪǻȥɡȻ壬׼سԽȻ뿪
ȵȣ㿴屻Ʒѵһ߶ûУҪȥֹΪʵȫԵС
ԽȻȻôܹΪӶ
һɢޣڣ˳ԽȻδ˽ԹҿɲԸ⵷ٺУһ³Թ
Ȼͣһ£䡣
㿴ԽȻˣٺУ֪˽³ԹħһսΪ²ȴҪӺ
ԽȻ𣬼ӺԼ׻ûҳһͷûС
ڣڴˣڵٺУҪΪ˸Ĵۡ
Ȼ㲻Ը⵷ٺУôҪ壬ԸҽˣԽȻʡ
ȻԸ⡣
ҪֻǧƱ
ʮƷʯ
ȻӴͳʯ˹ȥ
Ҫ塣
ٿƷʯ
Ҫֻӥ
ʮƷʯ
ӽͷ򵽽β˲֪ƷʯǼຮ֮صƷʯ
ǽɨһա
뿪еʱһȺ塣
ԽȻںеĽβͨ˵׽壬ˣǻĴȥɣСıٱ岶׽ˡ
延ѡ
һֻҹʨǧѩʣˣʲô֣ʦкɣ
ԽȻҽɽʦ̫޾̷һΪҽ˵˽Ȼһɢޣܴ½һɽׯΪ˫ɽׯ
лλˣĻ
лȥɣԽȻ󺰵
ԣٴζ෬лȻȥصԼļ԰
ʣµ׼ôȻǧ壬Щͷۡ
һһͻǵļҡԽȻնûʲô󷨣ȽЩ˴͵˫ɽׯȥ
С
Ȼ˵ţӴóһŴͷ顣
ʱˣǧ֡
ϨʱѾӺнβ˫ɽׯǰ
ܴ½˳СԽȻ
½½˳
ԽȻȻûʲôܹˣ
ҵĹټɡ˵գٷŴٱ
Ϲ٣ǻؼҡԽȻ
лˣ˷׷Ϲ١
ǽ塢ƽ´ȵȵطķһʱŽꡣ
ȥ·ϣȻüģĸ½˵Ҫͣһ뵽Ҿͷۡ
ܿģʱ䣬Ǿܰꡣ
ʣ˻ȥܹ룬ҹ
»ص˫ɽׯԽȻ򣺡ƺӱٹǰڣ׵ٹԲˣֻһ߻Եɽ׽𵤡
ȻΪпϴڳԽȻϼ㣬㻹ֻһڵСӣչȥȻҪᵤˡٶȣ˵ԽȻѾԺͳ˳Ȳ㡣
ҾŰɡԽȻԲѡ
ȷǡȻףͳԽȻԽԽˣòΪ˴ƽ뵽ȥٺУֳֺõ£ֻԸ
ȻԸٺУҪлл㡣ԽȻϵлллԸ±׽壬˷Ʒʯɡ
лҲֻΪ˴ѰҳԽȻĺۼǸȡˡȻƽ
ˣȻ״Ʋ𣬡˵ò˵ԽȻҲ˵һ
ҵǷҪѧģԽȻȻһЦӦʦԸ·ѧģֻΪҺͳԽȻѡ
ʦҲ㵱ԽȻȻӳԽȻĻУƷ˼ѹȥʱһ֮ķΧô֡
˵ɨ˵ĻˡԽȻʣôʯѵҲڼຮ֮ʯ󣿡
ûʯ󡣡ȻǵڳʤвٲҵԸҴ㹻ʯ
ȥʤֿɡ
á


26 
, ʤ֡
ʤֲУؽֽ˺٣Ƕ, ؿš
ԽȻǰϲͻƳһ䳤ʤ, ¿ķ, ߳ʳ
ȻԽȻߵ˫ǰ棺ҿĵ̡
ԽȻǰ, Ȼ֪Ȼĵ̣ΪȻ˲Ὺ, ֻյ١
̵ƹȻʺã˺ãôпתת
һ, Ҫ׵ģɫġȻżɽָָԽȻ, ʾƹһ׷ۡ
ƹԽȻ˲, бԽȻٱĳྪ޵ܿع
õ, ֻǶƵĻҪһµʱɡǵһ£Ҳɫģλ͹٣׵ķۡ
Ǿһ¡ȻųԽȻ̸ȥ
, ԽȻûг
룺Ȼϲɫһɫķ, Ҳе, ɫɫġ
ûѡ, ڱ˵ĵ, Ͳˡ
̸棬˸ʽĳ¡
ƺֱ֡ͷ˿Ƥɫ籶ӡʯɫֱ֡ɫ߱Բۡ1
ƹӸʽĳѡһɫƷĿ˿ӣ˹·ɲŸƷҲǺòײչ
ȥȻӹۣƹ
Сͳȥƹظˡ
ԽȻֱۣ˵ƹҲн𵤺ڵΪˣ½Ӧգȴһﵱƹ񣬻ȻǰԳơСġ
Ȼʵ𵤺ǰЩˣѹƹԳơСġ
ƹ뿪֮Ȼ΢졣
ѵԭȵġԼԵƽҸ㻻µķۡ
ԽȻû뵽ȻȻ顣
󷽷ʦķۣŻص쿪˫ۣȻΪµķۡ
Ȼ̾ҪǳԽȻžͺˣҪǳԽȻͺˡһ·ʲôӦ
ԽȻĵھͿˣҾǳԽȻˡ
仰˵ֻܿȻ԰ˡ
Ȼѵ÷¸߰ü˳ĿԽȻ£ϵ´ʱ̧ۿ˳ԽȻһۡ
һ飬ˮܣóԽȻּ˴˵Ҳ˲䶯ġ
ȻȻǼõģһ˫ۣüޣ̵ͦı˫ţȥĳ嶯
ԽȻģղ֪ôˣȻ̫߰հڵ̬Ҹе˳İˡ
ԽȻϲ̫ǿƵˣϲĶšˡ
˸߰Ȼǡþˡ
·ȻһתһȦҿϲ
ԽȻתһȦ
Ȼͷ·ֱΪġ˵ͳԽȻҲƣһģһ
ԽȻҲɽôͺԼô񣬼ֱһԼ߸պΪԼһ
ԽȻһͨйؽڣ·ĲŸǳԽȻǰֿѣ˵۾ԽȻģֻûͳȥ䵽ϡ
Ȼͬȷʵܡ
ѡһ·Ȼֽƹĺѡɫġ
ֱʱԽȻЦͲܻɫ·𣿾ǳԽȻˣҲһֱɫİɣ
ҲǡȻ˼Ǿѡɫġ
ƹѡһɫۡһ°׽ۡһɫ˿Żۡ2
ԽȻһһԹÿһܺ
ƹܵɫ׷ۣҪһǧٿƷʯ°׽ǵؽ׷ۣҪʮƷʯɫ˿ŻƷֻۣʮſƷʯ
ôʯԽȻȻûУȻȻؿԵȻ
ȻĳԽȻļ򣺡ģҵҿģЩ·Ҫʯ㡣
·ԽȻɫƷĿ˿ӳš
߹ĵط˻ֻ˳̫ޣ̫
ȻΪߵ
ȥ˫ջȻųԽȻǰߡ
ԽȻʣ㵽￪˶ٵ̣
ҲûȻָһ㣬Լټɡ
ԽȻԣզ࣬ѹǰȻܹеǮ
˫ջջƣ֪м㣬ɶס
˿ջڣƹӭˣôпյ
ȻָָԽȻƷʳЩɫ
գԵȡƹߵԸʦϸµسˣɵ
һ¥Ŀλã˿̲סڨ
ȻüһΧһϣ˽޷Ǵڨ
ܿ죬ʳ
ƹһһ˽ܣһˮǴӼ᯼֮زժΪˮԴ̫޾̷٣Ǻò˴̫ճҪġ
ڶˣĢޡǶ֪ǲܲ׽ģй涨ǾһֽĢֲ޵ζ
ˣ۽˽ˮˮõǾ֮ϕDȵˮǻ˺ôŪġ
ĵˡ
ܵһҲǵڶʮˣ˪֥Ѫء˪ʥ׵ȵȣģ³׷ɻζ
ԽȻе棺ֲģ塢ζ𣿡
ȻԡʦԼظҾзġǵ֮ǰֱޡ׷ɻϵģԴ˷׼׽Щޡ֮ҾǱзǵ¡
ԽȻ佱Ϊˡ
ٺ١ʦѵüȻʣˣ֪Ƿָܹһ
ԡȻӦǳ극˵
áʦõȻı֤ϲüҡ
ԽȻΪңŵζʱѾʳָ󶯣˿̸̲ˣ˵һˡˮ
Ŀ˿ǻˬ޾̷ٵˮڡ
ԽȻһȥԵڶʮˣʮԼĶƤûСӣеֻнʵ鸹
ȻԽȻ꣬ʣоΣ
оҴǰķ˶׳ˣû뵽˼侹ζ
ԽȻ߶ۣҲȷʵģǰô֪˫ջ
λˣָܷҹأʦæʵ
Ȼ
ϣʦóԼıԲ䵶
ʹԼĹŶڤ
һоͳ䲻⣬úܣӰܼ
ԽȻüͷ
ȻԽȻüͷʣ㿴ʲôˣ
ҿʤУ޷ƽԼġԽȻ˵ԼĶ
Ȼͷ
ʦʼûһУȫǿУһ׾ŶڤΧ۵һƬк
ʦҲн𵤳ڵʵΧ۵ĴΪҪߡ
ΣʦȻˣһ׾Ŷڤ𣿡
Ȼȴɽһ¡
л˵
12硣


27 
ԽȻͷ, һ£Ǿʵʵ˵ֱԲ׾ŶڤС, ûз
ʦԽȻֻٹԲ, ڶû, Щ
ȻС
ȻЦЦ, ЩȻҲۣӦʲô˼ˡɽ˵ò, Ľ顣
ʦһ, Լ벻ȻۣԶԷһ
ͨؽں󣬳ʦԽȻֽ̣֪λСֵкθ߼
ԽȻָؼ֮Ŷڤһ, ÿһжܿ, ʵˡпĺôĺô, ϣܳ׷ӳŶڤ
Ҫδ죿δأ
ʼҪĵҪ·һζУβҪһЩԽȻָԷ
Щ㶼, ʵʲ
ʦͰճԽȻָķʼһЩ, ·ôһ, Щͷˡ
ԽȻ״, ָ㣺ĳġ
ʦճԽȻָʹþŶڤ, ָ֮Ȼ·ˡ
ԽȻȻָ㣺ĳɻ
һ׾Ŷڤ󣬳ʦķڷԳԽȻȭлָ㡣
ԽȻҲȭСһ׮л
ҼԽȻһٹڵˣȻָܹڵߣݲ²׷ס
ڣվˣʵʦкɣ
ԽȻʵʦ̫޾̷һϡ
ҷ׷׿佱ѹôԭһϵİͽ
һϲǧ궼ûͽ𣿿ǲͽֻͽ̣Ҫ츳˲ۡ
λȻҵͣǿʹҸࡣ
ȻЦһȤ֮ǰǻ˵ҪֿϳһĹŵˡ
һ£ʦһ£һԼʦжϡ
⻰ȻԽԽԽȻһ֮䷢ʲô£ŻóԽȻ˼
ȻͳԽȻڳʤϣΧ˶׷׻׿ǣΪǿն̾
ȻһСǣ˵˾ˡ
Ȼʵʦ֮便ʲô˵𣿡
һС£ԽȻýӲһΪͱ޴ı¸ϯҲ̫ἰС£ǻרĹְɡ
С£ȻЦһȻǲţǳԽȻдʣкҪɰʵףȴ֪Сġ
ֵһᡣԽȻüͷһõģ
Ȼȴ·ûпԽȻõģԹԵ㽫¸ңҲԸһܣйسԽȻ֮ġҪҪܣ
ءȻԼܸ֮ȤǳԽȻǲԸ⽫ʦԼ˵
ˡȻȻԽȻʵڲ˵ҲͷʳĴ㣬˵Ҫ룬뵽˫ɽׯʱӭ㡣
лл㡣Ҹϲɡ
ԽȻĵɵŸǰֿѣԸȥɡ
ŶȻԸɵŸңֻǻѣȲȥɣҵ˫ɽׯ
ԽȻܲ˵ΪŸǰֿѣԸȥɰɣ
ںһɣΪҶܸȤ
ʶʦȻǶҪ̽Ҳ㹻ˡȻԽȻ뵽˫ɽׯɡ
ãлĺ⡣ԽȻǼȥɡ
ȥ˲ɣҲδؾܼŸֻǼɵĵӣк˼Щʵδؼʶʦ
Ȼ벻ˣ˫ɽׯȲɲԽȻһȥɡ
ԤУһҡԽȻŵɽԼôֿѸһȤ
Ϊ㳤ԽȻ𣿡Ȼ
ǡԽȻԥسһ㡣
˹ţߵ˫ǰ
㲻ǶȤķȥɡȻ˵꣬ܳԽȻûͬ⣬˵
ԽȻֻøϡ
ϲʲôġģģȻĿķʵ
ϲҵĽԽȻʵϲƾķԼʵ
ȻĽ
ԽȻ֣϶ʱǰХĽ
Ȼ΢ЩԾǿ˵ı˱Ѱû뵽Ȼ
ԽȻһѽХ
Х鸴ӣ϶ϲԷҲԷ
Х͸ҵġԽȻ΢΢ü
ȻʱֿüԽȻĲˣĨƽԽȻüͷͲҪһֱüô˵Хüʲô𣿡
ҪˡԽȻ׼⣬﷨ɡ
ȻȴƫƫҪХҳʱ㻹Ǵ֮ټʱѾǱХƵ𣿡
˵˲ҪԽȻ߼ȡ
úúãҲˡȻ΢΢һõĻȣ֪ЩʲôǿĻߡ
ģǵ̸Ȼ˵ôһ仰
ԽȻͷɫãȻȻ˵Ļôϡ
ѡһķɡȻ̧ɫѾָƽҪʲôҶ㡣
ȫҪأԽȻʣ֪Ȼĵ
Ǿȫ㡣Ȼûеߣĵ߾ǳԽȻ
ԽȻһΪϰƷ׵ķÿһֵٿƷʯϡ
ҲҪԽȻȡ뷨ֻ뿿ҵĽ
㻹˵ȤȻ㲻ԽȻ뷨ˡ
һ̣ŷ޵еḶ́һСԽȻϸϸԼĵ뷨ϲ
͸ǰһѰƷҪĲϣʦעȴ¯
̣͸һɣһֳɾ͸С
Ƴķ鸵УһҲûȡΪԼĽ
ϲϲȻȡŲһˡ
Ȼ˵ţΪԽȻѡ𷨱
һķɣҿҼͦȻ˳ԽȻķԣҼԷĴ
һķɣī˿ºܺá
ˡԽȻƾܵ
ȻܳԽȻ뷨ѡһķɽԽȻĴ
ΪͣҪһЩЩǱģ͸㣬ôҪȻ벻ͨЩ۲
ԽȻεüģðɣȻ͸ңҾͲƾܣˡ
ŶȻ˵һ˷Ϊϰ˱˶˳ѵԽȻ
·ߵʤϡ
˹һ죬ֱĺɫĺϣΧԽȻ飺ǻ˫ɽׯɡ
á
˳Ź٣˼ʱϻ½ص˫ɽׯ
˸յſڣͼһڵʿڴǰͣؿͷ˾Ⱦһң˾Ⱦһҡ


28 
Ȼ۾һⶼûзָλʿ, ԹԵ˫ɽׯȥ
ǳԽȻסȻĸ첲˵ʿʲô£ܲܰæ
Ҳö¡Ȼɫ䵭, һ˫û˿, ·ֻȤǣ, ˶϶ѡ
֪ʲôԽȻŽʿ, öԷֿġ
ʿ޷£Ҫ, ֪ж鷳Ȼǲ£ԽȻ, ֻһ
ʿз뺣һңСȴڡ
ȴû뵽һʷ, һֻħȫҶץ, ֻʣѡ
ħԽȻһ뵽Ƴɣħץȫʲô
뺣ҡҡͷҲ֪
ԽȻʣħȫץȥˣ
뺣ҡͷ֪
һ֪, Ҫôȥˣ
ΪҲ֪ҪôȫңԲ˫ɽׯϣܹȫҡ
ԽȻתͷȻûʶʦԲȫҵķλ
ȻĮʦʶ٣ΪҪ
㡣ԽȻȻ, Ŀ¶
ںڰУӢǷȻһ, ĿеĿȻԾܾ
һʱ, ȻɽĳԽȻ, ګګá
̫, ϶ܽȷ뺣һҡԽȻ˲ѣˣܹ˾еá
ȻɽɳԽȻʱȫû飬ԽȻԼͿԽ
˿ûôֻ࣬óԽȻ㡹е
ȻȻӦ˳ԽȻȷ뺣һңһ
ˣл߳һλģʦ
ˣþòʦѵ
þòϡȻɢӦԣжٳ⡣
ʲô𣿡Ϻûʲô鷢ȻǲģΪȻ鷳Ҳ˴򽻵
ȻʾԽȻԽȻһԷ˼ǽһ顣
ңҲɽˣϳϿҵ۵ܹץ߷һˣħ
û˵ħƳɣԽȻʡ
˵ڱԽȻѱ֮ǰͬף׺쳣һ£˵ԼĶǻħǻƳɣ
ԽȻͷ˻Ƴɣ벻ﻹйôħ
Ҳϣץ߷뺣һҵħԼϦദĻƳɣǻƳɵĿ̫ˡ
ϿݰɡȻŲħǲǻƳɣֻϣԼԳԽȻŵȷ뺣һҡ
ģọ́ʼ
ʱȥʼüͷ
ôȻʡ
ħ磬λþħԡ˵ԼݵĽ
ħͲ˼ð죬ǹȥҪʱķѵʱܷ뺣һҾѾѡ
Ȼ뵽Է뺣˵ֻȥˣҿɲұ֤Ҹϵ֮ʱļѾɥ
лԸæҾѾ㹻мˡ뺣Ȼֿ˼ͷ
ͷͲˣɡȻñǰĵӡ
лˡ뺣վ
Ȼ٣ŴһɣҴȥλþħȥ
ʱǴˮ¾ħ磬λþ
λþħǰֻһҫ۵ĺɫ󷨣˵Ѫƶɡ
ԽȻһϳ󷨣л󡣡
֪û١ȻԽȻԽԽϿˡ
лҪŰپʮʿѪϻ󷨵˵ѪܻƳɹѹħҪץ뺣һҡ
ѾɹȻӴҫ۵󷨣Ϊ𺳡
صǽǾŰپʮʿѪ󷨳ɶԽȻɫż¶С
Ȼԣ졶ɽһƻл
һ룬лĺ⿪ʼ䰵
˭ƻлꣿ봫Ƴɵ
ԽȻһʧȻ㣬Ƴɡ
ȻʼüУлĺԽԽ
ƳɲԼĳɹƻǼӴȣʼпھ
лĺֿʼùâʢ
Ȼֱӽ׼˻ƳɣڶԷµһĺۼ
κλƳɻħģͬͭǽڣȻ׿Դ͸ģֻµĺۼ
һȥٳǧۼҲ
ɻƳɲȥЩֻлĿھͼٻԽȻĻǡ
ɳԽȻɽڣл꣬Ҳ޷
һɽ꣬ȻࡶˮͼƳѾֵסΪΣڵϡ
Űپʮλʿþȣܡ
뺣һҲžۣǶȻǧл
ԺкηԸǸǣ뺣ظŵ
벻ʲôҪԸǵģȻؼȥɡȻԸ
ȻԽȻǰҲǰȥ
ԽȻߵƳǰ˱ڻС
ƳѪЩ˶ģл󷨳ڴ󲿷ѪԲѡ
㲻ǰɡȻЩƳɲɱŰپʮλʿħ壬Ҳϧ
Ϊõл󡣡ԽȻƽ֪ƳҪĻǣ˲Żл󣬻ƳһжΪҵ
ҪгԽȻĻǰɣȻΪƳɵķԸоȣԽȻѻɢǼȶʵۼ֤ġ
ûпԽȻԽȻħһսûȥ
ԽȻ鸴ӣΪƳɶԼּɡ
ֻҪˣƳɾˣɵسͬ壬ҲûԼ
û뵽ƳɾȻл󣬽ԼһϢ
ԽȻӴгȻ͵ϵɽעΪƳˡ
ʥӣЩԽȻȻԽԽáɽԽȻ
ԽȻûлӦֻһһ滨Ƴˡ
˵ɽͦã׷ƳɺܷܿغԽȻ̡ԽȻ
ԽȻĲʯͷģƳȻΪеʹġ
ƳΪл꣬ȻҪþŰپʮλʿ󷨡
һЩ˵ǾŰپʮλʿƳԼѱ
ɡȻסԽȻ֣ȵעɽС
ܿ죬Ƴϵ˿ڿʼ޸ڵѪҲӯ
˫ۣԽȻĵһۣϲԽȻڻˡ
ԽԽԾԣ㲻ǳԽȻֻǳԽȻѡ
ɽԽȻ״ƻƳɵĻ롣


29 
ԭ㡣ƳһӴӳԽȻĻ, ȴΪʧڵء
Ƴɱ̫ɵץߣҩˮʣ֪ûڳԽȻı϶ֽš
̫֪ץ, һĵرַǰȥ
ȴû뵽, ƳɲҪĵر׷, Ҫһġɽ
ôȻһƻҵĺ, ҶܽԽȻٻˡ
Ƴ˿ûбȵԾǳԽȻȻĺ¡
ԽȻֱЦˣѪҪ󷨳, ҲûٻԽȻ꣬Ǻɽˡ㾹ҧһڡ
ǣҳԽȻƳɵһ˫, кᣬȻӡ
ɰıȫͬ, һ, ʮ
Ȼһף御Ϊ֮
˵, ʾԽȻͬһ˫ɽׯ
ԽȻȴĲ»ƳɣҪлˣûá
ƫҪãһܹٻԽȻꡣ
⻰ԽȻͷͻͻ, ֻ쳣׼
˭㲻ǳԽȻ, ҲѵңƳ, ˵׼Ͳ׼, ǺûӣһССıٹڵӲѵң
Ƴɽѵ, ЩԽȻڽѵĸоᣬֻϷѡ
ԽȻƳ˵ˣȻȻطȥո˭㣿ССıٹڵҾ㣬ҪǺġ
ôϻȻЩͷ٣Ƴɣ㷢ħģԺԶʹл󣬷ھҪ
ƳʶȻ
ǰԽȻȻܣò¡ԻƳɵʵ϶Ǵ򲻹Ȼġ
Ƴҧҧ´ĵʣѵǾͲԽȻ𣿡
ԽȻѾɢȥȻɫ侲ϲħʱǾѾʵ޷ı䡣лҲ޷ٳꡣ
ԽȻȻĻлֻ˷޹ʿԼԼ
ԽȻˣһŻʲôȤƳ˵˵ţִŴŵ
ԽȻ֪ʲôһμƳɣԷʦִһμ棬ԷԼڳɷǳԽȻˡ
ϴμ㣬㲻ǾôԽȻɸֵ
ΪҺ֪ͨԽȻҵҪԡƳԾɿ޸ͣһ˫޵ͨ죬벻ԽȻһһҲʬ⡣
ԽȻ֪ԼڻƳҪΪԼˣƳɻּɣ棬ͷۡ
ȻʼٱȣƳɣ㷢ħģ
ƳնħģҾͲлˡлҾͼԽȻˡ
Ȼ졶ƿ񡷣ÿһڶһѷУδȫԭĻƳϡ
㲻Ըⷢħģǲ徲ʡõʱ˼ʿ˫ɽׯǰؿͷҡ
Ȼ
һϮɫۣɣ˵Ļȴ˿ûζ
ҲоûȫԭĻƳֵֻܿԼһһĺۼ
㻹Ϸħģ
Ȼֱɱ˻ƳɣһĥԷԷɵ˺ǲϷģȻ
ȻϷģȥɡ
䣬ȻȻһǿҵ
ԽȻȻû뵽ȻıɱƳɵٵġ
ʱƳҲ֪ԼҪٲӦ¾Ҫɥڴˡ
ҪˣҲԽȻˡ
鲻Ը˵Ըⷢħġ
ô˵ͽˣʡЩࡣ
Ȼ֮ºǰɱҲʱʧȥشڻƳϡ
˹٣㷢İɡ
ҷġƳɻвʣҪʱ䡣
ˣ췢ģҪСȻв
áƳһˮָ̧֣ԺҲлҲȥгԽȻꡣ
ȻѾ˽ᣬһ˫ɽׯɡȻԳԽȻ
ȵȡԽȻϧƳɣóɽҪԷˡ
鷳Ȼô˵ţȴ𻡶ȣסԽȻ֣һɽΪƳˡ
ȻãɽǳԽȻĻԷ϶ϧƳɣ᲻ԼԼħˡ
ԳԽȻ˾Ȼ˼
滨Ƴ֮˱Źٻص˫ɽׯ
ʱѴ
ȻʣҪҸ𣿡
ˡԽȻ˼һεл滨Ƴˣ࣬Ҫͻƽ𵤡
仰ʵȻеԾ
һμɽʱ򣬶ԷֻڣŲʮգԷȻҪ𵤡
ٶȣ֪ģΪԷĵرѻġ
Ȼ֪ɽûУԷƾԼ½׵ġ
׽𵤻׽١ȻΪԽȻ㵽ҵķȥ󷨶ࡣ
ԽȻҲֵطտܣá
Ȼķ˹٣ֻдϿտյ
ڴϴףΪ㻤Ȼ
лԽȻм
û뵽ǰ²ؼ߸߹ȻԴԼȳ
ԽȻڴϴ붨ԴԴϵУѾӯɲ¸
ɸЩҪ浽ȥأ
۳һССĽ𵤡
ȻܳԽȻᵤĽȣΪԷᵤٶ֮е𾪡
ʱһס
ľս̶һ˫ɽׯϡ
˫ɽׯķʮǿһ״ϣֱʹԷɲκ˺һСӶû¡
ȻԸ죬ĵһ׽ֻһ׽٣ԽȻ׽һ㶼ǿѵٶ̫죬ʵǿ֮ʵ
ԽȻڵĽѾ߳Σϵӿ룬һŽ𵤡
˽𵤣ɵࡣ
еޣڿԴжٱǧ򱶡
ԽȻᵤٶȺܿ죬Ľȴι̣ͣسˢһŽ𵤴ĥøӼӲ
˺ҹ˫ɽׯϤԽȻӿȥ
ľۡ
ؿԽȻʮʹ࣬ԽȻȴûпںʹĬĬš
һ׾һһҹ˫ɽׯɴ
ȳԽȻ׺Ȼʣ̽̽Ľ𣿡
ܺ棬ԽȻĽ𵤵ܹɶ
ԡԽȻ󷽷ĺ¶Ȼ
Ȼ֣ڳԽȻĺϣע쵽ԷĽ𵤴
һ£ʵȻˡ
Ϊ׽ôԽȻĽ𵤿϶Ҳǿ󣬵û뵽ԽȻĽ𵤾ȻԱһԪӤʿԪӤˡ
ȻǰһսԸұһ𣿷ģҲ˵ġ
ԡԽȻȻӦ


30 
䳡
Ȼ, ʾԽȻȳ
ԽȻҲʽǴ罣ĵһС
Ȼֻǰġɽ콣ƺͳԽȻһģһ, ֻǽеûгԽȻ
Ȼˡˮơĵһ, ɵػ˴罣ĵһС
ԽȻ, ʹô罣ĵڶ, ͼ֡
ˮơͬˮһк׾ٵصֵס˳ԽȻĵڶС
˴罣ĵ, ûʹȻѻΪ
뽣ײһ, Ȼһ졣
ȻȻԣ˺ԽȻõҲǽ𵤵ʵ, Ǵڵʵ
ڲǽڵĳԽȻսڵȻ, ǽڵĳԽȻսֻнʵȻ
ԽȻССһʹ
ȻЪԽȻսò¡
ȻԽսԽľ, ΪǰɽʹýģʽͳԽȻһģһ
ÿʹýķʽͬؼǰңͽײȫһ
ÿ޶иԵϰߣԼϰʹý
ǰġɽʹô罣ģʽȻͳԽȻһģһ
, ͳԽȻһģһ
ļ䣬Ȼû¾ͺͳԽȻһ, ԳԽȻγȻء
ѵǰɽǳԽȻ
ȻкȻ, 뷨һ, Ժл֮
Ϊ֤в², ȻıԼٵķʽ
ȻԽȻʹýķʽҲıˣıķʽͳԽȻһģһǳԽȻǰõַ
Բʹýķʽһģһ
ȻѾжϣ϶ǰɽǳԽȻ
б޴ϲϯ
֪ΪʲôԽȻ»ˣɽڣȴ͸¶ԼǳԽȻ£Ҫɽ
ԽȻѵ֪жΪ
Ȼʧãһ˫۲ˮ
˽ĮԳԽȻĮڶԷǰֻɾ
Ȼ֪ԷΪʲôҪݣֻ϶ԷʲôҲ֪
ʱϲɬζӳ£˵ֺܡ
ѹɽ׻֮죬ֻڵǴڵĳԽȻŻ᲻ʮڣڽ׵ڡ
˼䣬Ȼġˮơ©һԽȻĴ罣ˡ
ԽȻսȵ㷽ˣʲôӰ㣿
Ȼû˵ֻ˫飬˿ȴӳԽȻ
ԽȻţ·Լһֱĸо
ʣ㾿ôˣոջҴúúõģôͻȻˣ
ûʲôȻɳƵЩҪ޳ֻǾô˿̲ʺǶսǻǻظԵķϰɡ
áԽȻȻ֪ʲôӦ
룬ȻҪء
ԽȻ𽣣ԼĿͷȥڴϣ붨
ľƽȣӦóģȴһþ
ħλþԽȻһжϳ
ܣֻǰһ̸ʵħš
㣬ڼˣԽȻ
Ƴվħ棬һԽȻ꣬˹ԽȻ˸
һ˫ɰˮ⣬죬ԹҾ֪껹ڣûҰлˣҵˡ
ԽȻ֪˻ƳɵΣûɢ޵ʵƳ֪ˡ
ԽȻúݵģڣΪʲôңƳɺˮʳԽȻļʹл󣬱Ѫ𣿡
˵л󻹺ãһ˵л󣬳ԽȻ
һƿƳɣѵ㻹˼лΪлҵ꣬ҪıŰپʮλʿһûк㣡
Ƴ۾µһת±ϳԽȻ֣ʹл󣬻Ϊ㡣Ҳǣ껹ڣΪʲôҡҪ֪ûɢ𣬻˼䣬Ҳʹлˡ
㻹һңԽȻԽԽܲܺúʶԼĴ󣬶ǽζƵϣ
ðɣҴˡƳһ˫ˮҷħĵģԺҲл󷨣ġ֪껹ڣҰˡҷģԺ֤Ҳ㳳ˡ
ԽȻһ㣬ȻߣûбƳɵ
Ȼϴˣ̬һҲϿҡ
ðɣҳϿҵϴƳһĨᣬֳһɰ޺״ҲӦʿΪֻΪٻꡣҴˣ֪ˡ
ԽȻԣòࡣ
ٶȽѵҪȻʱϵǾŰپʮλʿԼѱ
һҪллȻƳ̧ͷųԽȻһ˫գգͣǿɰ
㵱ȻҪúллȻԽȻ
лһȥ˫ɽׯúøлȻġƳΪЦĴȥ㡣
ҪҡԽȻ˾սǰҹƳ˵Ļ㲻˵ǲˣˣԳͬΪҲûˡ㲻Ըˣ
ԽȻҲǸˣҲģ˺ҲۣҲǵñĿϻµİ̺ۡ
ƳɿʼˣƤϽĴ½ĸԸΪԼħޣҲͬࡣ
ԽȻȴᣬˣ㵱ʱ˵ҪһҪ䰡
ʱһûʶ벻㡣ƳʢˮһΪĴңȴû뵽ĴڷḻҵҸеůԽȻ벻㡣
ǳԽȻѾƳɸþƣദսǰԼԼħ˵Ļ
󣬻Ƴɻץ˾Űپʮλʿл
ظеһƣ롪ͻƳɲһ·ˣһ·ħ˵ļֵȫ෴ûа취ı仨Ƴɡ
ҲҼĴġԽȻһ޹ϸҲûбҪ
ҪƳɴ󺰳䣬ҲҪ޹ϸһҪ½һҪΪԼħޡ
ϣгҾͰ㡣㲻ϣ˺࣬ҾͲ˺¡ֻҪң
Ц
ȻĮȻ
ԭԽȻƳɰյлˣ˫ɽׯһΣ˫ɽׯҲὫȻһС
ûħ֪ÿ
˳ԽȻͻƳ˵õĻȻȥˣһһħҲûз
ƳɣЦȻûƳɱųԽȻǰһƳû𣿳ԽȻҪˡ
ûУҪҵģƳȻȻƺ֤ԽȻҪ˻ߵغԽȻǲǣ˵仰ǲǻҪҵģ
ԽȻĬƬ̺󣬻صҲҪˣΪ֮
Ƴһ˫š
Ȼ¶׺ݣ·ȻԽȻҪһ


31 
ҪƳɷ˺ѷεĺ, ҵˣҸģħսʱҪ, ҵĴ֪, 뿪, ԽȻ, 벻㣡
ԽȻбƳ˵˸УϻǼӽԺ, صҵĶľţǾˮˮ
ԽȻ뻨Ƴദİ, Ӱ룬ͽƳɵѡ
սǰϣ, ھսʱ, Ҳϣ
һ㣬ͽܲ, οƳɻþŰپʮλʿȡһĻᣬʹࡣ
Ҹ֮òõģһҲΪĵӡ
ԽȻǵãԷºһ, һȤߡ
Ƴɾ͸Ǹӣûû, , 뿪ҪҪ
ԽȻЦû뵽, ħľս㶼ûۿ, ȴħս֮ʱ
ǶǹȥˣһûҵҪԡ
ƳɻԽȻˣȴȻס
ҲˣҲġԽȻЦɫҵıҲʹΪ˷ֹһٱ˵ֻ÷㣬´˺
ҷģҲ˺㣡ƳҪʲôʲôҾԲȥ㲻Ը飡ҸģҶĻ𣿡
СԽȻҡҡͷǵԵֵΪֹѾĴ۲ſ㣬Ըĵ˵úƷǳ
Ƴ̧ᣬΪ˸õؿԽȻ
Ҳֹ˵úҲ϶ãһΡҪǲңǾͲǩͬԼǩԼԸΪūֻͣҪٸһλᣡ
ҲԸˣħҲͬҲħ塣ԽȻ֪˶ſסԼҲκһǩԼҲҪū͡
ԽȻ㵽Ҫ˵ֻҪܰ쵽һȥ죡Ƴɿధ
ϣ㲻Ҫͬ࣬úΪ㴴Ĺϣ㲻Ҫ˺κһ壬ΪơԽȻ˵ԼеΡ
ãЩ򵥣ҶƳΪԼ绤ԴҲûгԹͬ壬ΪҴĹҪҡ
㡣ԽȻ̾һ֮ԵѾ˵ٶĻҲὫҼĴǸ㣬֮棬Ҳϲҡ
㣬ҰɣڼĴľУȥ㣡Ƴȼ־ǲѰҳԽȻġ
ԽȻ뿪ξķҪȥˡ
Ҳ뿪ξķңĴľСƳɱһ˿ϣϣԽȻܹ𰸡
ԽȻƣ룬üģƳɣȡˣҳξ֮ѾûκԵֿˣѵƫҪǿ
ԣƳɴƫҪǿ
ǿǿŤĹϲ𡣡ԽȻɿֱ֣ӻƳɵͼԼļݸԷöԷ֪ԼѶ
˭˵ǿŤĹϵĲ𣿡ƳͬǩͬԼʹҵûУҲҳͬ壬ʹҵ𣿶ûСڣ벻㣡
ԽȻÿģû˭˭Ͳܻ
벻Ƴӯڽޣھ벻㣡
һʱģȹʱ䣬㱣׼ˣÿġԽȻ̫˽⻨Ƴˡ
ŲᣡƳزᣬǺ֪벻ġһʼˣһ˵صɹ˼죬ҾͷֲԾˡһûֻ㣬㣬Ҳ벻㣬ԽȻ㣡
ԽȻĬƬ̣һ˵ص˼֡
ԻƳǳʧˣûκ
һ¶Ҫ뻨Ƴɻޡ
ƳɣȻϸҳεķҾԼ̽ѰγΡ
ԽȻԼͬƳʲô˵ֻ뿪Ƴɵξ
úͻƳһÿһ̣˳һֺֻݺݾסһ㡣
ԽȻ粽ҪѰξĳڡ
ʱƳȻǰȥסԽȻ
ԽȻһѳƳɵ֣ǰߡ
ƳɵڵأֻԽȻ°ڣųԽȻǰԽȻ°Ҳˡ
ƳɵڵϣһţǵԽԽ
ԽȻţвܣȻҪͻƳɻޣͼͷȥοԷٸԷϣ
ֻϣƳָɡûûεħ
ԽȻħһȦûҵξĳڡ
ֻߵȻԣʣҵξĳ𣿡
ûСȻѹеĿϲȻصξֻξ˲ܹɢ
Ҳ˵ƳɲɢξǾҪһֱξУ
˵ǵġ
ԽȻ鸴ӵضȻ껹ûɢ£㲻Ҫ˵ȥ
ȻͲֻԼ֪£³ΪͳԽȻ֮ܣҾԲ˵ȥġ
ԽȻֻߵƳԣӸµ֪֮ĹϵûиԭĿܣûǽɢξɡ
ƳڵϣչӣסԽȻĽףңĴľϡ
֪ԽȻеʮֵʧͻƳѾ棬ƳɶûϳȴҪĴľڡ
ԶҲ⿪ξҾξп꣬ҲˡƳɿ֣ӵͷֱӳԽȻ˫ۣǼᶨ
ʵȻ̵뿪ξξ˽⿪ξһַ
ʲôԽȻȲʡ
ǾɱξˡȻɫްǲ֪᲻ɱƳˣξˡ
ξǶڷˣҪôɱƳɣԽȻַͬ
ˣ϶ȻƳһħҪǺɱȻ𰸡
ƳȻڳıɱԼɰݶʱ׺ңҿɲǺ۸ģ˵ԽȻɱ𣿡
ԽȻԼģԼǲɱƳɣѾ¶ҪͶԷޡ
ƳɼԽȻĬΪԷĶɱģʱԽȻң㲻ɱҵģԲԣ
ԽȻ֪Ƴɲ⿪ξΩһ뿪ξķɱƳɡ
ֲɱƳɣŻٲ⿪ξҾͺȻɱ㡣
ƳԣֹסãɱҰɣÿ㣬ʹ죡
ȻԽȻʹ˸ɫʾһϣɱƳɡ
Ȼǰһʱ򣬳ԽȻûж
Ƴɼ״ΪЦϽĨĨһ洿ƣԽȻ㻹ǲɱңԲԣ


32 
ԽȻͣԭ, Σ˵ԼĵĻȷ
ƳһһģղűԽȻÿҪ, ֻʹȥ, ڿ, ٳԽȻԼ
һ, һݣƳץһ㲻, ֿЦ㲻Ը̫ˣ㻹Ըһŵġ˵һ, ȫʧ
ˡԽȻ򴽣ҶȫʧˡǰҴ㼸꣬Ӱ, ɱ㡣
ԽȻԼȫʧ, Ƴһ˫ʧȥ˹󣬱ð޹⡣
һ˲͸Լʹ, ٳԽȻڻԸɱԼǣ
һ㣬ƳɽԼ֧֧
ԽȻ㵽ſԭңƳųԽȻ֣ʾõͷԷ
ԽȻֻ֣Ƴ˫ս, һʱȻ鲻
֣ԽȻǳ⣬֮Ѿûйϵ, Ҫ㴥ң
ԽȻԱ˵ĴѾӰ
Хʦһ, , Ա˵Ĵеʡ
ҲҾҪ֣Ƴ, ǰҲ֣ûоܾҡԭвУǻǰһãұ֤ٺ㳳ܣ˳
ȻȥˣϳԽȻһ𽫻Ƴɵֳ
ȻԸͰȻĮԼͳԽȻ˿һۣǰһֱͳԽȻӰĻƳɡ
ͿƳɲ˳ˡ
ͨ˳ۻƳɣΪԷħݣϲԽȻԷȴԽȻϦദӰ롣
ڼʡ
ڿƳųԽȻȻеļʲӣʹƳֵľٶ
ԽȻмؿȻһۡ
һۣ뻨ƳУͳ˳ԽȻȻüȥ֤ݡ
ζȻʲôõģԵߵǻһᰴҴĹ޿յִڣҹܡһЩ𣿡
˵ʲôԽȻԾȻɸɾûʲôĵطƳôһ˵֮һ㡣
˵㲻ҪϲȻòã㿴ң࿴ңҿԱϲӣϲҰɡƳɶһŴ޹˵ʲôʲôԵó
һɺԣ˭˵ϲȻˣԽȻ
仰һƳǰһȻǰһǣ̶ֻԷЦ
Ȼţз𵭵Ŀɬܺõؿסˡ
Դǣ޷ƳϲȻƳٶ٣ھƳǳԽȻ̬ȴͷĺͻƳһࡣ
Ȼ룬ֻ֪ɽǳԽȻ£ѾӮˣշ³ԽȻϲ
ڲϲպϲ
ϲҰɣƳɻǰȥԽȻ䣬ȴԷ㿪
ҶʧѾҵļˣϲ㣡
ԽȻԽԽͷƳɺһ㣬ô򣬶ϲô
ԭ㲻ҡƳ仰ԽȻϲһˡ
ųԽȻ̬ĮΪԽȻû뵽ԷȻֻǲǰһϲˡ
Ҳ㣬֮Ҳûκοܣ£ҪᡣԽȻ̬ȼֻ뿪ξ㽫ξ֮Уֻ㣬ϲ㡣ʶĻͿ뿪
ƳɴӳԽȻǡָ֣ԽȻȻʱζ󷢡
ǰԽȻᵽǡָͳԽȻһħһˡ
û뵽ת䣬Ȼ˳ԽȻϤİˣǡֳ˳ԽȻͱ˵ָ
ƳٴˮϲԽȻϲΪԷһ仰һֶǣ
ҷˣԺҲˡƳ£úݵģϣȴһ棡ԸĴľڣȥ㡣
ֻ˶Ե֡ԽȻԽͷҾҪˡֻ֪޿䣬£֪ԼʡҪ㡣
ңֻҪ㲻ңʲôԡƳɼæ
ʲôԣ
ǡ
ɢξ뿪
ٴǡִӳԽȻ˵ƳһԴԴϵſѪ
ҲܽɢξƳԽȻ˵ϲԼ޿䣬ǲᣬǿ⣬һҽɢξҾҲҲˡˣԽȻңɣ
ҲģɢξҲٿ
ԽȻһ뵽ѻƳɵѣԷȴҪأֻÿԷ洿ƵӦ
ȻԽȻٿƳֻһ˵ʹ졣
Ϊʲôٿҳòÿ𣿡Ƴͳ졣
ƳȻǳüΪƯģһ˫ҶüԲԲ˿һ۾
ȴ봿޹Ȼ෴ײнթԳͬΪԴ˽ףƭ˵Ļſھ
óԽȻʵŻƳ˵Ļ
ԽȻԸشƳɵʻֻһζҪ󣺡ɢξ
ƳȴϷŹԽȻҳòÿ㲻ϲҳݵϲʲôҶԸ
޹أԸءԽȻΪԼշ˻Ƴɣȴû뵽ԷʼնûнѣóԽȻִܸкʧС
ԸﲻãҸġƳɻȥϲ𶹽ԺҲ𶹽ϲգҾͲԶɳաȫϲԲ㶷졣ԭңòã
Ѿˣ޷ءԽȻָָԼؿڣҵѾ˵ˣٸԭǾصȥദģʽҲ޽١
ǵĹϵõġƳŵҲ죬Ҳ˳¡ǵĹϵֻá
ˡԽȻǰϲģиԼԣԼ쳳֣·ϣҲԵ̫įȡ
ˣҸġƳɲ֪˵˶ٱҸģԽȻʼղɿڡ
ԽȻ¶ӣƳɼڶԷղԶ˵ʱϧദ˼ʦ־ѡ
ںͳԽȻѵħƳɲ׵һжܡ
ܺãøġԽȻеۣܵҳξ㾿ſϷǳξ
ֻҪٴμ㣬ҾͷξƳţֻҪʵҵԽȻһܹ򶯳ԽȻ
Ǻðɣ̸ԽȻĮȻ
ʲô
ˣһǧ£ǽȱץס壬Ǳ岶׽壬ҾԸټһ档ԽȻ
ãƳ۵ˮιһ˿ϣɲܷڣ
Ϊ˷ֹףÿһ£ҪӰʯ¼ԽȻ֪Ƴó٣
ãƳɸ˵ǧܷڣ
ҲڣԽξ𣿡
ԣ
㲻ܽ껹ڵй¶ȥ
õġƳһڴӦ


33 
˵Щ, Ƴɻûнξ
ԽȻ΢΢üôξ
Ƴһٶ࿴㡣
ԽȻȴ̫ͷشߴ٣ξ
áƳĿųԽȻ·һ۾һһ㣬
šá, ξ𽥽ɢ, ǰħűģ, ħһģǻƳɵӰ
һͷĿѣ֮, ԽȻξг
뿪ξ󣬳һ, üƳԶԷĸо̫ˡ
ڴϷһ, Լԭڴ
ڱƳôһϣû˴顣
Ȼ̫Ϊ˸Ƴ, Ūһĵر, һĵرܹΪ
ԽȻӴȡһһ͹Դ, ʮꡣ
¶ܿ죬ãĵڲײƺڹŵ
ӿ롣
һԵȻո, ͷԼɽׯڵԽȻסĿͷӿ롣
ѵҪͻˣٶȿ˵ǳԽȻ𣿡Ȼп
ȻͲ²ɽǳԽȻ, ξһ, ȷˡ
һγԽȻĽ, ˫ɽׯɿݽ, ܴ½طҲӿ˫ɽׯ
һȻ𣬽˫ɽׯķϡ
һûƿ˫ɽׯķ󷨣һ˿ûС
ʱڶ£ױһҪЩҲ޷˫ɽׯķ󷨡
ţ£һ˫ɽׯǵ󷨳һ˿Ѻۡ
ȻѺۣ룺ԽȻӽ𵤽׵ԪӤˣٶǰδеĿ죬ɽһˡ
ͬʱ룬°Ѳ÷󷨵ʦ޲ˡ
ԽȻĽûоʹֹܴͣ½ӿԴԴϵؽڡ
ڵĽ𵤣ѾԪӤĽ׻ûֹͣ
һ׽٣һ
һ׽پͱһһ׽ٰԵֱŷ󷨵ǵӣǲ顣
Ȼ̧ͷ죺Ƿ㣬һծʱˡ֪ҵķ󷨣ֵܷԪӤ׳ϵ׽١
ڶ׽£ڶ󷨵һӡ
׽٣ֱڶ󷨡
ĵ׽ٱǰҪֱӽ˫ɽׯ󷨻ΪС
е׽٣
û˷󷨣׽ٽֱӴڳԽȻϣ
Ȼ֪ԽȻԲԵ⵹׽٣ȵ׽ʱ˷ɵԽȻݶ֮ϣٿľÿľֵ׽١
ȵ׽ʧ֮Ȼ˿ԼĹٿľû˿𻵣ãҪ𻵣Ҳ֪Ҫۡ
ΪԽȻֵ׽٣𻵹٣ȻҲĸԸ
ӿԽȻڣؿӷ㡣
ˣҹֹͣ
ԽȻٴ˫ʱѾԽ磬ӽڵԪӤڣٴԪӤڵڡ
ڵĴܣ˼䲻ᳬλ
̫ɣ˳ڵʵǿΪʮ֮һġ
ԽȻǰȴ򣬴ûзùκĵرһ˶û뵽ֱӽ硣
һн֮ȻóԽȻķš
ԽȻ˵䣬Ӵ
ȻǹϲףӽڿԽ磬ΪڵĴܡ̶ʵô쵽ģ
ԽȻûʲôģʵԸ棺ҳʮ˵Դӽڽ׵ڡ
ʮꣿȻЩԾ
һ궼ҪķѪܵõû뵽ԽȻﾹȻʮ꣬ѹһٽ硣
ԽȻһ£˫ׯ˵õʮգѾ˰գʣµգô
ȻȥѰҶס
ԽȻû뵽ȻȻΪ㣬һ£ûʲôܾĵǴӦá
ʮ꣬ĵص㲻ҪʦһλáȻ˵꣬һ
У߳һλģʦ
û뵽ڶ̶̵ļգٻΡǰһΪ˲뺣һģһΪ˲ʲôʦżɽ
Ϊ˲ķλ
Ѳʦ˵Ҳ뾡ǧټõǶĵطѾϻڰѳˡ
Ȼһһϻڣξ֮Сȥǻ˶һꡣ
ãʦӦȻڡ
ȻͲºϻڵĻڷˡ
˵֮˳٣ܴ½ǰʤ½
һʱ˱˶ĵط
˵زľԱ߾һƬ֣֪ںδ
ΧһȺ˰ţεģ±ߡ
ǿԽȻ˳֪˭ĵǺϻڵĵ̣ʶĶϿ뿪
Ȼô˵ţǲΪԽȻ˵Ϊ˵ô㡣
֪˭𣿡ȻЦطʡ
֪ǲҪ֪Ҫٲ뿪Ҿ֪ͨǵˡصȡ
Ȱصϵڷ磬ȻͷųڵѹЩ˶ѹڵأá
ߡȻȥǰĲľ֮С
ԽȻʦ
ĸλ𣿡Ȼʦ
ûУ㲻ֻƾѰˡʦ˲İ̡
Ŀĵڲݴţţǰ
ǻþȻһǻþó⿪þǸңҪɢ
ãԽȻʦӦ
ŲǰУԽȻ𽥵ؿȻıӰȻȻ
ûлӦʹ֪Ȼɢˡ
Ȼ䣬ĶϳһϤôĵӣȻôǺϻȦĵ̡
ֵģǴͷһϮѵĻڷ硣
ͷɢ·òΣ¶ƬţƬµǡ
ؿбһ˫һۣųԽȻ
һɽʮգ㾹Ȼڽ׵ˣǳ˶ٶڷ˻
ԽȻٴμڷ磬鸴ӡ
ǰڷ磬Էޱ飬ɫ䵭ޱȣϣڷ޵ñݣ˵ʲô׺ΪˮȴɽơĻʮ
ڷˣʲô̬ȡ
˵ѽѲǸưͣڷߵԽȻǰסԽȻ°ͣ˵һ˸ԽȻһȻúͳԽȻ߰˷񣬼ʣа˾ŷơ
䣬ڷ˫Ѿӡ˳ԽȻ˫ϡ
ԽȻǳڣڷǺڣ˲󾳽磬˳ԽȻܷڷĶ


34 
ڷһ, һȻųԽȻ°ͣѹѹöԷá
˵Ĵ֮ѾħХˡڷǹ˵΢Ц, ·˵κλ, , ˲ȥ
ԽȻ㱼, 뻶ڷ֮У˵ͷ
֮, û㣿ڷǰųԽȻ˵仰ȵϢڳԽȻ, һ
ԽȻ뵽ʦǿҪشȴ΢ع, ҧ, ̻˶
ʱѾ֪Լ, ɿԼڻڷף
ѵȻڲԶ㲻𣿡
ڷԣЦЦһ˫һˮӯӯó, ˽֪Ȼó, ˵ᱻҵĻ, ϾҵĻֻл
ش, ԽȻԼ, ȹȻ룺ڷĻȷһȻڴҲûпܡҪȻʲôôǶΪҽ׶ܣܰġ
ſȻʦԽȻٵҪȻʦƽ
ſǣڷǹ𳰷Ļȡ
֪ǰɽǲӲãҪɢþſȻʦ˵ò˵Ҳ᲻
ԣǣʲôҵšԽȻϣڷлҪȻʦ
һڵʿܵʲôڷ̡
Ҫڽճ죬Ǻϻ˴꣬ͻȻ˸Ȼʦ͡ɽûȫİܹûþסȻ
ȻǴߣǸʦҲкڵΪڷķܳǰⱻ飬ֻܳڡɽǰ
˰죬ڵġɽ˵Ҫûڷĸо̲ѡ
ҪȻʦ˻þõ˭⳥ѵǰڵġɽ
ôЦ
ڷһ߼ǿȴȻڵϷԽȻ˵㣬úͳԽȻôǰЩԳԽȻõˣҪ̻ʣ
ԽȻĬƬ̣֪ǰЩ˶Լã֪һЩڷԼб㺣ǵЩԳԽȻõ棬û㣿
ڷСҰԽȻ㲻֪жమ
жమ
Ұ޲ɱڷһ˫һ⣬ħսʱ̣ϣȥ
ԽȻͷһʹԼε˵ôĻɲʹ
ͬʱͻƳһԽȻ뻶ڷϾϵôû
ˣҲʹʧ
ʹʧͻ᲻Զʹʧ¡
ΪʲôԽȻΪ⣬Ϊʲô˵㰮ԽȻȴϣȥ
ڷɿ˫ۣüҪΪֻǰҵйߣİˣԶҲòİһֱά¶ˮԵȥȥ
ԽȻΪľǰ֪ڷôԼΪڷֻ΢ЩϲԼ
㲻˲𣿳ԽȻֻһԽȻ粵
Щ˶˶Ŀõġڷ糤һǳԽȻ֪ôֻһˣԲһá°顣
ԽȻĬˣȷˡ
ѡڷ磬һǻڷǺϻʵǿ˫޽ࣻǻڷڶ࣬صĵθ鲻
ƳҪڷҲҪԽȻĿЦҪ챾ҲҪôǰѽͻͣ¡
ͷһͱԽȻʦôңܲҲڷһΪöҪɡ
˼ʱ򣬻ڷ̾һڳԽȻĴ˵ǳԽȻҾͺˡϣܹ¿Һ˫ۣڻʱҵ۾תȥҶܹܡ
ԽȻǰ˺ȷڷк飬˾ֻϻڷ˫ۣûڷ米ȥ
¿ڷ˫˫ۣ¿ĸ飬½ܻڷʵʵֹϲ
ڶ㣬ûڷԼȴ˫˫ۡ
ҵĴԽԽ١ڷгԹҲֻйߣҲˣˣƾʲôܵõİ
ԽȻڶԻڷʧʹУֲһ˿ǸΡ
ԣϣԼһʼûǹڷ磬ԷҲᰮҪɱ
һͳԽȻа˾ŷƣҲϸֱ治塣ڷĳԽȻ˫§סԷĺ󾱣ٴһǣһǲ֮ͬǰǳֹǳ
ڷ󿪣ԽȻЩԺ̲סˡ
ţԽȻеԼϵﱻȥҲƵڲݵϡ
Ϊ֪ٶѳģҰ㵱¯Ϊɡڷ˵⻰ʱЦŵģ˿ọֻ̀ó졣
ܶԳԽȻΪΪΪԽȻ߳һ󾳽磬ԶǰġɽΪΪȡɽ߳󾳽硣
ûڷһУǱǯƼͻȻܹ˵Ŀ
ųԽȻеԷΪʧȥֿ
˳¡
㱼䣬ԽȻȴһֻصǰĸо§סڷ磬Էһѻδֻɿɢ
֪˶ãֻù
áڷӳԽȻ뿪ֻһһҹˣȻȻƿҵĻ
˵գڷķӳԽȻǰʧ
ŹԽԽǰʱɢȻԽȻϵΡ
Ȼٵһ٣٣˵ʹϧ
û뵽᲻öһָˣȻڷռ˱ˡ
뵽ڷǰҲԽȻйεĻãԹڷ
ҪҰæ𣿡ȻߵԽȻǰ֡
ԽȻ߷߲ѣȫǻĺۼһ澹ȻĮƵȻˡ
áԽȻԼͿԽ
˵ţһϵȥһá
Ѿժ˶һʮꡣȻҧһԹ̽ϵʲôҲûзֻҪҵʦԭ˵õһͺá
ãǿȥʦɡԽȻҲʲô¶^ûзӣתʱ򣬷Լӳϳڣ׵˳Ϻڡ
Ȼԭڷ˵ҪΪǼٵģˣԷ˫ޱ䣬Ϊһôࡣ
ȻŹ٣кƿ
ãһҵһϢʦ
ԽȻóɽʦơ
ȻסԽȻ֣һͬйע
ʦָЩȻȻɿŵ֣ʵҪҪһڷȥ𣿡


35 
ԽȻһ, һڷ籨𣿱ʲô
Լڷǿлĳ𣬻ʦĳ
ȻȻԼ, ǿ϶Ǳǰߵĳ
ԽȻԽԽ, ڷ羹Ȼͬ, Ͷ, 侲һ룬Ϊȥһڷȷе㶪
һڣˡ
Ȼ, ʵϣ۴ǿ϶ģ߷񶨵, ɫ䶯һ¡
Ȼ㲻뱨Ǿˡ
סԽȻȴţ
óԽȻЩʡ
ȵʦ˱κ, ԽȻų, ɽŻشС
һΪǷЩĺôˡǰΪǿ, û˵ȻҲòЩѾɽˡ
֪ʱûĻᡣ
ԽȻֺȻֻţƺԷֵ¶봥С
ʱȻ, 򴽣ȻѾõ˶Ǿͻȥɡ
ʦ, ʦϲ̵һ뿪˶ʤ½
ԽȻȻĹ, ص˫ɽׯ
ȻڿиԼɽׯ, ΪԽȻɵԵ, õ֡Ϊۣľߵᡣ
ﲻʺʳöнסȻжϣҴ죬ҲǕDȡ˼ǕDˮġõ
DȣԽȻЩȻ
ȻD棬˼;еԴԕDȣŰһܹġ
ûڕDյ㹻ףˡ
ǰԽȻDȣڣͨ裬ΪǴڵĴܣDȵҲá
ڣֻһڵʿڕDȿ»ʬ޴档
ġȻִڳԽȻļϣһỤ㰲ȫһ⡣
Ȼı֤ԽȻȻࡣ
ȻҲǴڵĴܣʵǰ£һڵʿDӦûûġ
ԽȻ˵ͷȻһ¡
ǰı˶ħɣһ˾Ȼ˶ħս֮ʱҪôĽͻͣ͡
ڣѾ֪ƳɺͻڷҪ֪Ȼʱʲô
ԽȻʵóȻһ⣬ڳԽȻħһ̣ʲô
Ȼ⣬֪ԽȻǻ߸ˡȻʧ֪λش⡣
ʵԸ棿
Ƴ˵ʱҪԽȻԽȻ̬ģҲҪƳɵ
ԽȻʵ𰸺Ҳ
Ȼеİ޷ѡ
ֻʣ˳Ĭ
ԽȻ·Ĭв²⵽˴𰸣ǲҪԽȻ
ȻָԾץ䣬ȴ鲻䡣Ȼûлش⡣Ϊ֪һشˣԽȻԻ
ԽȻһƬȻû˿֣Ҳûʹ࣬ʣµֻлߡ
Ѿµ𰸣ΪʲôҪԽȻΪ㲶׽̤ѩ㣬Ϊ˺𣿡
ǣΪ²ħȥġ
Ȼôģ
ȻһץסԽȻ䣬æǣֻһ䣬ҪǳԽȻˣҾ˼һˡֻһѣʱҶҪӮϣ
ֻһɺпܾһԽȻ롣
ˡԽȻЦ༫ʢǷһЦ֮£ԻȻ㲻һѡȴȥȽװɡ
ȻһȷԽȻǷֳٲƳ
ãҴȥ
ʵ׽͡
ƳǳԽȻʱʱ̴̿ߣȤƵĺѣȻǳԽȻ޵С
ӰϣԼ޵вһ֮Ϊ˼һˣָоǲͬġ
ο˻ƳɺͻڷδԽȻҲüǿЩشȻû̫˸Уֻνס
ɽ磬ʵΪ𣬸ον׻ҪȻȻȻû̫⡣
룺ҽף֮ĶԹȨĨƽˡ
˼䣬Ȼ٣˳ٷҡֱϡ
˲ŷһ졣
ֹ˼ʱ˷϶졣
ǼʱŷɵDȵڴ
Dȵڴһ޴ޱȵӣӾڣDȵ˳ܴ½
ڴŰ
ԽȻȻıDȣ֮ɷǳ
¶Ȼ§סԽȻļһڹϡ
ԽȻȻ˵ͳ˶
еԼ˷ʹ治ɫ˵ʹࡣ
D⣬ֱķʽעԽȻ֮У뵤
ȻųԽȻͷڷڡ
֪ڳԽȻħսʱ̲ôˣ˵ԽȻͲֱˣûкҩ
룬ԼǰôѧƳڷĻþȳԽȻٴαۡ
ȻٶڵͷʵѾɣȻҲֻܽܣպĴ㡣
ֻ֪ɽǳԽȻˣȻ
ųԽȻŰʴʹº͵ػԽȻĵ
˼ʱһ
ó͸ī˿¡ȻŲæ
ԽȻԣó෨ī˿´ϡ
һ׸޷˿
ŵڶĵͬˡ
ֱī˿²ѿһӡ
˺ܾãߵī˿촷ۡ
û°ɣȻźĳԽȻʵ
û£ʧһ׷෨Щ˷ѡ
ϣû˷һ˵
ԽȻԣ΢΢ЦЦ룬ȻǶԹˡ
ȻͷΪӳϺڽ׵ڣҲ㹫ƽǷ
ߣǻ˼ɡԽȻڵ棬װ¶һ㡣
ֺķ˴ʱ⣬췵˫ɽׯ
ɽׯǰǿһǰ
ӲǱˣһ
һˣھʣ˵ֻʮ죬ʮ춼ȥˣԽҵӻ˰ɣ
ȻЦЦֿ˵㻹ǵһ
㲻ȣҲ˵һһʦȻǰûӡ
ȻԽȻԸԸߣҪӵ̬ˣһ˫ɽׯأ
һһסԽȻĸ첲Ҫ󣬿ȻҲְסԽȻ
ԽȻԭأܶ
üҪ룬ȥɡ
Ҳ˵𣿡һЩУ֮£㲻ᡣҵķҲҪҲϷˣԲ˵ġ


36 
ԽȻŤͷ, ԸֱʦһֻȻȥɡ
Ȼž޲һ˿ƽз·һ˿⣺һ, ûУɽԸ޾̷, ҪҴȥɡ
ԽȻֻкڵʵ, ˴ڵһһ󾳽, ҪпͬǴڣʵһǿȻ
Լѡ, ȻԸ⿿Լʵûѡ
ԽȻ㷴ӦһһʹҲſ, ԣͬһ޾̷壬ҽ㴺罣
, ԽȻȻԸֱӶԷ, ƲͷХѽ罣ҡ
Хһ˫ݺݵ֡
ХȡˡɽԪ, Ҳ桸ɽͷ
ҺХͬ飬һһһ٣ΪʲôֻǺңǺ
óԽȻһ¡
ǰ
Хʦֶͬԭµ飬Ը, Ϊʲôֻʦֵľٶڻòԭ¡
Хȴûôǿҵĺ, ҪԶ˼أ
ԽȻʦֵĸ
Խ, ԽӶԷ, Խ̶Է³Լߵ顣
ԽȻ޺޵ſҵ, ڴңҾöġ
һ仰һ˲䴩͸
΢΢˻Σȴ߬ø·ɿ֣ǰ˻᳹״Լʧ
ֻд罣һָֻᣬķ硢ҶѩԽѾҶʽ
ЩԽȻģﻹһ̡
ԣԷΪջĻڳԽȻԣһûС
ʦ𡭡ִӳԽȻкһˣٲ֣ҾŰȪˡ
Ȫʵңţ˻Ҳһ
仰˵ưԽȻĿǰôûз֣ʦֻưһ棿ʦᡢƽȶԴÿһ˵ġ
ȳԽȻȻȵȻϿʵΪôҾͲˡ
˵գſԽȻ֣ٿľҡ
˻ƣһһ˶ȥ
һɫγνǿС
ԽȻǵǿˣƥеֻȻХ
һȻǽޣҽ޵ݴڽޣʵԽȻȻҲȻ
һ˻Ƶǣз겻罣Ҫº͵һ
ĵһˡ
Ȼô罣ұá硷Ӧս
Ȼʮ˷ܣһǵʱһĸˣĸֹУȻϲ
ҪԼĹսʤԷĽԴӮóԽȻΣ
뵽Ȼԥ߾ȫַָг֣ȴԵ׾١
һҲǶ֮ˣÿٲꡣȻԼĿڶתŲܿˡ
ķңعںгһȻĿڶȥ
Ȼվԭزһӡ
磬ʹһĽƫ˼磬۷϶
μнһĽٳأ飬ȴһֱ³һѪ
һ԰γνǽȻμڸ첲У鲻
ȻһңһٴŻһѪ
֮ǰǴѪֻ˼࣬Ѫ˼ˣȻ
ס֣ԽȻʦ˵أȻ޶ԷȴԸԷȥǺͣȻ
ȻȻԳԽȻ˳ֻҪԷһֹͣ࣬ս
ȻųԽȻϿľҴȥɡ
ȴ⣬Լ˫ɽׯԽȻһգȥųԽȻһ顣
˷Ͽա
ԽȻľػͷϵʦ֡
ԷڵأһϮ°ɫķմȾѪĿġ
ԽȻȴûϧĸо̶ȵˣһְҽ˵һָܻ޷еĳ֡
ڶʤ½ܴ½Ϲȥ˼ʱ
һ·ϣȻ˵ȴƻѵÿɹľףǱ첻ԡ
ȵ˲ɻɽ֮⣬ɽŵԶԶ˳ԽȻȻˡ
ݷòˡ
ɽĵóƣע
Զϻɽ֮ϡ
ʱ䣬һԶı
֮ģǴӭԶֺ
ȻɽĵӶȥأһ³ԽȻĸ첲
˫ɽׯׯġԽȻ΢΢üȻľٶںΪԼܹվȣȻһ١
Ȼ֣ش˴֣ޱ顣
ɽĵ˵ȥŸȻ޾̷ϯɽǰˡ
Ȼ֣ɽĵһ㶡
Ǵ˵е֣û뵽쾹Ȼܹüˡ
Է˫ɽׯׯȻ
ɽĵֻڣ޷ȻΪֻ֪ԷΪɲ⣬п˫ɽׯׯȻ
˼ˣóעţ˫ɽׯׯ޾̷ϯǰˡ
洫ǽɡڲ˵š
ԽȻЩ죬ΪֿѸ
ɽĵӶָʾ
˵꣬ϵһڵĵɽ
һУżԽȻȻ·
գֻȺɽƳᶹˮ뵡
ԽȻǵһ·ͨͿƾŸƴɽ󷨡
˰ʱһ͵ĸɽΡ񹤣ǡһѸֻɽһƽأƽϴһΡĹ˵
ɽĵӳȻһӾ·ׯн
˵գԭ·ء
ԽȻᳵ·̤Ͻݣŵȥ
˵ڷһĻ¯ıѻ¯֮ɡ
ԽȻɫ԰ףͷҲ̧ڵϣ¯һŵԡ
鿪ʣԽȻΪԷܿԼʹ߳û뵽Էȴơ
˵飿
ԷΪ¶Ƿϣ
յĺ˲ԽȻ鲻Խǰȥͼ
һ̧һ˫ˮɽ㳤ÿԽȻҶ˼ˣ˸С
⻰ԽȻȷԷΪԼƲʱϧ
ţڰ˳䡣ԽȻȰϣԼָֿܹյ鿪ʡ
ڰ˳䣬˵סҡҡλεվڲ֪ԽȻвֻֿô򵥡ܷܷȥˡ
⻰ԽȻкһͷħսһ̣Ƿйͷأ
л˵
һʮɵġħ빥ˡȣӭղء


37 
ԽȻ֪ΪͣͲǰ, ҲԷд䣬ոЧӦͻƿ
Է׿ڶ˵ɽ, ҵΪͣͼ, ҽƿڡʱ, Ҫɽһλö, ˵Ļˣήٵͷϡ
ħսһ, Ƿϣأ
֪Хڷ硢Ȼλ˶һϣп, Ϊλ˶ϣ
Ϊ֮һǷй˼أ
ԽȻϸ룬ܵӱ⡣
ʼΪ磺, ɱ, Ҫʦһֹ¸Ѿȥˡ
˵ΪԼ绤ԽȻı, ˶ħ롣˷ֱǳԽȻʦһ˻ڷ磬޵Ȼɽ繲ׯħֱħХԼħƳɡ
ѽʱ, ң˶ħ, ڽעһĨꡣҪѽͣס, ˶ħһͬʩͣ͵ͷ֮, ڽˡ
ո˵, ֮䣬˶ħһͬʩͣ͵ͷı
뵽ԽȻѹĵ׵ʣβסҡҡ׹ĸ԰ֻһʱˣҲʮ꣬ͻǱʹػ
Ļû˵꣬ͱϣôֻһʱˣҶԳԽȻǡǡǡ
һһ˵ñУ⻽˳ԽȻĺģʲô
Ҷֿ֮顭ȻһЦҶǡǿ̹ĵİ
⻰ԽȻʱסԼˡ
ʲô
ֿ֮飬ǿ̹ĵİ
һôû֮ǰദиܵ
ԽȻӿһɼĸоʦҲáڷҲáҲãŸ
ǰأ
ôû˺˵
عĳԽȻ޷ܸԼĸ飬˦æ˼۵Ĳš
˽֪ԽȻֿѡԽȻǲԸŸԼĸǿ̹ĵİ㲻ܰԽȻ
֪У˵˿ԼڳԽȻ֮ǰҲΪҶֻֿ֮顣ͨҶĸԶԶֹ飬а顣
ԸΪһ£ԼˣܹԽȻĸԸظ
ԽȻֺ˰벽㲻ǡ
ȻһԹۣԽȻ£Ѳµ
ֻû뵽ᵱšɽһ㡣
紫еһ㣬̹ϡ棬ʲôܶ˵ӲҴš
ȻųԽȻķӦһңҪǳԽȻıףҡǸԽȻǧĸ飬޷ġ
óԽȻһţԸܵӡ
ֻ֪ɽǳԽȻһȻƣҪúһ㣬˴򶯳ԽȻ֮ǰȽԽȻģΪԷĵ¡
ȻǡôسͣȲԽȻ£ɣڲϢ
ȴȻڳԽȻȥı֮У˫Ŀζڡɽϣ·ӡɽϣ¿˳ԽȻ
̫ˡ̫ˡһ񣬾ϴĵزԹԵ˵š
Ȼ¸ԳԽȻİĽ֮ģתƵɽϣ߽ԽȻĿ϶֮䣬סԽȻ
ţǿͣǷҪдأȻһȻ
ҡ£ͼƹȻ࿴ɽ
Ȼ֣һסţǲɵĴ֮𣿡
δ䣬⴫һдλɡ
ԽȻͷһ㣬ɫ׵ŮӴӵ첽
ϤǲɵĳϣҲʦࡣ
ûþߵ¯ԣλ
ֹɽŰɡ
е⣬ԴӳԽȻһֱ¯ΪɢԹ˲Ͼˣ
ᶨûзõģȻŸдλҾͲˡ˵ţȻ˫ׯ˹ȣдܵĵط¡
ˡࡣ
ΪȰ⸵񿴶ԷվȻսսΡΡ֮ǰҪãҲͲ˵
ǡ˵գٻ«ź«뿪˲ɽ
Ǿͺһס˵аɡͼƹȻ
ȻûֹԷɹˡɽ
첽ǰȥ˫֣סԽȻ䡣
ԽȻľٶŵֿѿԼֲܽݸ飬ԵһӦǷ䣬˦˫֡
ڸǲסʧ䣬ɫҰס
óԽȻЩĲ̡ȻܽܶԷİĽͶԷǧ꣬öԷʧǡ
һ£Сǣס˫֣Բ𣬸ղʧˡ
ȻȥһѶԽȻ֣ûʧǸŶ֣Žʧ񡣡
ճյʧˡһ㣬ͷ·˳ԽȻš̲סԲ𡭡
ӦųԽȻû뵽ʮղ㾹Ȼڵŵӣ˺ڣֱ˼顣츳ܼ
Ϊ˽ݾʮԽȻ͵
ǳ˶Ҳ졣ģԽȻǹϵ츳Ҳķ˼ڣôܱȳԽȻǿ
ΪҾǳԽȻ˰
ԽȻѿڶýʣû˵ڡ
Ҫݱ¶ˣôҳıĻף
ıĻףĺѸҲпܾ֮һͷóԽȻеӦ
ԼӦȥɸϿƲסԼͷ
ѹĵ׵ͷڸˮ档
šԽȻɳƳ
ڡ㶵ضšɽ˼ˣ˸С
ҿ𣿡ԽȻ
ʲô⣬ұ֤֪޲ԣ޲ǿһ΢Цȴȿ޻ѿ
ڳԽȻħսһ̣ԽȻıͣ͵һ̣ЩʲôԽȻڻǽ仰ʳ˿ڡ
ҡɫӲҰףɫѾ˲ܿĵز
ģԽȻһŲ˵֪޲ԣ޲Ϊδ˿£Īʲôɸ˵£
ȷ⧲ʵһ̣ǡǳԽȻħ֣֮ǷؾǰܴؾѰͻƵ
ԽȻ󣬾þò
Хڷ硢ȻȻܣиԵԭ
ԭ¡
ѵζԽȻζӳ£˵ɬ
ȻԽȻ
ڡԽȻɫȻ֮顣
뿪ɣҪȥɽ硣ԽȻסȻ䡣
㲻ߣ˻Ƶ
л˵
һʮɵġħ빥ˡȣӭղء


38 
Ÿ㲻ߡһƮɢڳԽȻ, ᶨת뿪˵
ȻĻϲ, ֪ڳԽȻ, ǳûϷˡ֪Լһ, 㵭Ȼ, Ҳ̲סϲ
Ȼһ䣬תٻ, ͼųԽȻ뿪
ȵȣǸɳƵĺС
ԽȻ񶯷ǳʹԸ˺, ԸٻͷԷһۡ
ߡֻȻ˵
áȻھ֮ϣԽȻ֡
ԽȻҪסȻϹ֮ʱ, һϸͻ, ͼ
ԽȻӦѸ٣γǿ˵ı, һȥ
ԽȻţֿѸȻʹ
ǳԽȻ£ðϹѩǡ˷硹õķڱ˪֮²ߢĲޱɡûгԽȻðΣղߢĲޱ, ȻҲû
ԽȻû뵽㾡ȫߢز֮һ, ɵȴԼϡ
Ŀ, Ѹ鿪, , ãҪԼסˣһòûмĸ
һ󣬾ͱϡ
ʱȻӹָ٣׼ƣţĴ֮𣿿Ҫߣ㲻ͣ˰סҽǿĿˣ㲻һС˰ˣǾڲɣûȤ
ɫڨڨóҪסɽıܷӦջ֮ԼҲòס
ǸʵڶԲס˫ׯ޾̷ϯɽһ£ǵǸˣǻǿȱ˵ԸóҲʶľٶ
ΪԼ⣺ҲҪλڲ˵Һд
ԽȻЦһԳֻдԹޣţˣչ˺Լ˵ɡҿΪɢݣôȥѱúдˡ
Ȼ˵ﱳȴΪ˸á
ʱԽȻ֮ܵŸ֮󣬻ǲԸԷȥ
ȻĸпԽȻƣԷ壬ԼҲڰĶʹ˰޵С
°ɡֻܸɰͰ͵˵֣ӭȴǺľܾ
ţѵû𣿡ȻǹŲмĵЦ˶ڲɣҪȥϽ硣
Һһȥæ˵ţǰĿšɽ
ֻҪܸҡȻϹ٣ٴȥԽȻҪӲƤңҲ㡣
˵仰ʱȻһš
ܺͳԽȻ൱ˣ˵Х޵֡
ԲǺԲҶԷΪɢݵֿԣ󻹸ϰˡ
ԽȻüͷⲻȥҵģסȻ֣˹١
ٺܿɽ뵰֮УȻȻ϶ȥԣȴȻı֮£˲š
л˫ׯϣԽȻüͷǽûɿļ󣬡һҪƾԼʵ磬һֱӻ
áȻػӦȻ󽫵ϳȥܿŰ
ڳԽȻкڵʵñҪӲЩκκۼ
ԽȻڣĿܹԲ
ᦶ֪Ǹ׷ϡ
ԽˣԽȻкԽ̡
Ǻ޶ԷΪκԼһ
ҲǺ޶ԷΪ֪ϧԼ
ģԷദ꣬ò죬ɶԷȴϲԼԼ׷ᡣ
߾ȫҲ޷ԽȻֻԼͶԷĲԽԽ
˼ʱڸУԽȻȻ˱ȭ綹ˡ
һɽҪȥ˼ǰԼΪɢݣ׼
׺ں棬֪ΪԼԡɽ˿أϴϼʱڳԽȻı֮У׼ѳ顣
μɽĸоԷһȥħ
ڳԽȻǰȻһգô뵽ҪȥϽ磿
ֻ½ĵطϽȵ̫˫ɽׯĺȥֻȥϽˡ
ԽȻ󷽷ػش˿ûн˫ɽׯľΡУȻǺԼ֮һЩԷȥDȽףǵ޵ķӡ
֣ڣѾȻˣϾȻû̫ĸ飬Ҳû̫ĺ⡣
ڣԽȻѾһʵǺ߸˶ħ
Խһʱ򣬷ѩŰԽȻӭͷϣ˿ú䡣
Խʱ򣬷絶ѩʤһ죬ԽȻȻɽ
죬ҲǕDȵʱ򣬳ԽȻȻ䣺ͣһͣڵ󣬻һЩ
ڴͣפ
ĕDȣֱˮķʽڡ
ʵȴҲҪܳ˲֮ࡣ
ԽȻžʹüͷȻûչȴһӲʹסȻ֪
ȻĵػڳԽȻԣһ㲻ĶԷӣϾԷԭǴԲߣڵѲԷ
ХŰӿȵӿԽȻĵ֮ڡ
ʱ֮󣬸׷
ɽڕDȻûУʱԷֿѳԽȻϵ
ԽȻڕDʱ򣬲ԼʹԷֻüһᷢ
ԭֻò߰˷ƣɼ̬ɫĴţ˾ŷ֣˼ϴ
Ҵ˳ԽȻԲٴɽţǰ׼Ϊɽ
Ȼȴվסػ͸ŷˡ
ˣϡǰȻεסһ
֪ûлԵɣҲʼɕDȵԲԼɢݵΪ
ڕDгԽȻΪʹӣֿѾ۵סֿѷǵûгЦϸذο
ЩϸϸԼݵĹؼȴûз֣Ѱ鵱ꡣ
Ҫ㷢ֱףл𣿳ԽȻ
²ᡣԷᾪʧغˣ𾪵Ŀɿڴ
뵽лңҲ˲͵ŻһѪɫϡ
ԽȻŵѪζֹͣ˫ۡ
ԶΪרĶѪĳоȻ⡣
㲻𣿡ԽȻһƬãŵģҲԸÿģԶʹ֮Уܵҵͷ֮ޣ
л˵
ӽ쿪ʼָոʱΪÿŵ㡣
һʮɵġħ빥ˡȣӭղء


39 
ԽȻ˫ۿǿ, ԷҲ̧ͷ
ĿӣԽȻƿĿ⡣żоûз, , üͷø, , ׼ת뿪
ͷųԽȻȻľ, ˲Ϣ֮⡣
סؿڣֻؿڻջǵʹΪ˲, ʹʹΪФֿѳԽȻġɽȻĮ
ɽڽ飬·ѳԽȻǰŪ
֮ǰ, û, ֻΪʹΪʹ, ԽȻͻǰסĴļṩʵļ
ڵġɽͳԽȻ̫Զˡ
ɽȳԽȻ̫̫ࡣ
ǲΪԼǳԽȻֿѣȴڶԷħսʱ, ϣԷ䣬ܹؾ, áɽԼ˶, ԼǸɽĶ
ͣD֮, ӭŰ, ûмʵļֻܿԼ
Ѿʧȥ˳ԽȻԲٴʧȥɽ
㲻Ѫᣬžʹ޸޸֮ȥ׷ϡɽȻˡ
һȻųԽȻϷȥÿһأѩ͸ӿһء
ʱ򣬳ԽȻѾе΢΢ϸܵ
ʱΪϸ΢ʹ
ʱʹþԽȻɿüͷ
ʱһ㣬ƫƫĵ·ȻԲĴܣҲҪķһҹʱ䡣
ʱԽȻֻüͷ˫ûзκ졣
ˣȻҲ֪Էܣ֪ԽȻܹʹ࣬ûнԷԼ֮¡
ԽȻӦˣҪˡ
˼ȻƽؿųԽȻԷͦ΢΢иշ壬˫ƫƺͷ˿źХĿ衣
ˡ
ȻϣϳԽȻ£Էĳ˹ؼãûмȳԽȻӿˡ
ڼִʱ򣬳ԽȻУҲȻʣһֱڿ𣿡
Ȼ󷽣Ƿܹסѹѩ
ҳסˡԽȻһȻûκν˼ѾӺڣ׵ˡһһҹĴҵҲӼӲ֮ǰʹ
ͺáȻһЦͿԽȻˣ˶Էȫ̡
ڴԽȻ»صԲܹսú졣
˵䣬뿪죬졣
ѹأһѹóԽȻ֧ţػǶסѹվһͦ
ڶʤ½˫ɽׯʱɽ繲ׯǰϣܹɽʵȻƽ˵ĻҵܽˡΪ㣬վˡ
ȻˣǾȥɽ繲ׯԽȻȻ䣬ƽشߴٶԷǰׯװС
ڴ죬Ϊ棬ɽ繲ׯװСھڴ
һ̣˱վһ¥֮ǰ
ʧˡȻ˲ԾԭӦڵĴػ
ʲô£ԽȻ΢΢üǽȥϣûзʲô¡
˵䣬ƿţֻһλɫս׵˱ǣһѽϣ״ǡ
ԽȻ󺧣ֻѽǱ˵Ľǰı˶ħһͬɵġ˫
ׯ˵ҪԼ
ô£
Ϊʲôׯôǵϣ
ԽȻһƵͷѵӰԼɽ繲λׯﰵ

ܣ
ԽȻɳƵʲô
ׯŻתͷųԽȻɿ·ɿˣʧȥԽȻϵ
ׯԼڽԼϷվӭӵħһսˣδܲ˫ׯ޾̷ϯˣʧˡ
Ȼ׵δţʧˡ
ԽȻȴĿףֻһ£ׯΪʲôҪԽȻԼϣ
ׯ⣬һǿش𣺡ΪҰĽ𡣡
ׯشøɾ䣬ûκˮĵط˳ԽȻһֲ
㡭ԽȻɵô㣿˼ţʮּɵԽȻɽĵλ
ȿȡׯ˳ԽȻĻһʼɽ磬ʮּɵǿʵҲͬԣ·硣ɽ繲ͷܷĳƺš
ǡУ˿Ҽƽϣķ󷽿ӣԵʮСۡڲ֪УΪ۷ֱҲԭ
Ϊʲô
һ󣬲ŷְˣ
ԽȻ˿ΪׯĻмֿЦ
Ϊʲôǰޱ֣ҪŶأ
ׯ˿ԽȻƬ̺˵ҪҺͳԽȻദ˰꣬ҿ϶ֲͳԽȻˡ
ԽȻ¶һĨЦǣɽǳԽȻ
ׯͷģҲʦ㵱㣬ɽɽԶҲǳԽȻ
ԽȻЦظҾңɽɽԶҲǳԽȻ
Ȼȥˣˣׯǿˣšɽ˵ԶҲϳԽȻʲô˼
Ȼô˵ȻȴϲһׯͳԽȻԶһˡ
û˵ɽԶϳԽȻ̶ʮգʹڵ˺ڣǳԽȻԶԶȲϵġֻУûܱȳԽȻҪˡׯȻ͡
ԽȻЦһ
һȻһ£ʣׯһ𣿡
£ׯ˵꣬һҵĿԡ
ڳԽȻħսһһ̣ԽȻ⽫ҧرأڳһ㣬ħͣ͵һ̣㾿Щʲô
ʻׯɫʱɷף촽һֱߣ˼֮УǲشԽȻ⡣
ܸ𣿡ԽȻٴʡ
ǸׯԼгҲܸ㵱ʱʲô
ԽȻϵ㲻˵ǲΪʱֻҪˣɽҲûĸ֮ɽʵǿˣ


40 
ԽȻʵʱ, ΢΢ǰ㣬ҽҲԾǰ˰벽
ûͷκѹ˫峺׵˫ȴׯԾ˼
ô֪Լʱ뷨
ׯؿԽȻ, ƺܴӶԷпԷŭꡣ
ʲôɽ⣿
ΪʲôԽȻе˵ķŭ
ׯȻ˵ɽɽ, ԶҲȲϳԽȻԼеĵλ, ˿ҡ, ·ӡɽϿ˳ԽȻӰӡ˵ƣ
ƵƵ̬, ŭʱ΢΢ǰ壬ϸ΢ı飬ôƣ
ׯû˵лع, ԽȻѾһСֱͦ壬Դڽؿ, Ѿ֪𰸡
ͬǳĬ, ͬӳĬеóͬĴ𰸣ԽȻȴȻ, ׯ
ȻʣȻֳĬȴûηηβ̹̹һԸⲹԼʧģ
ׯȴ, ֱһº˼, ɽ繲Ķׯϡ
ԽȻʧҼȷŭתׯ, ߣ
Ҫȥׯ仰, ǿָ
ȥɽ綫ԽȻԥػش
ĸۡ, Ƶľ治ׯװС
ȥʲôׯЩţһȥ
ȥֲׯܰɣԽȻ΢΢üԺԼ֮һׯû˿øУû뵽ãȻöԷ˺Լ˼
ׯƴ󷽵Ϊ˷Ϊ𡹵ʽΪҲΪ˱סׯɽ繲ĵλ
ˣԽȻԶ֮
˵꣬ƳȻһۡ
ȻĬؽܵ˳ԽȻѶϢľһͬͷ𸮶ȥ
ׯħһսˣҪ׷ˣҲ쵽ֻ÷
ĿѸʧԼǰζӳ¡
ȻڡɽǰŻὫ䵱ԽȻɶԷ˵վߵ̬ʱĳԽȻһޡ
޷׽ɽԽȻ뿪ǲԾؽԷԽȻУ·ȥֻ˹
֮ϴִ֮˴мҹʱ䡣
ˡԽȻ
ȻȻǡôأľ
ԽȻǺڵΪֻһ󾳽磬ǧ֮ʶ֪̽ﲻֹһ˺
Щ˺Ҳ֪˳ԽȻȻ׷ͣеӸ߳ſڡӭӡˡ
ͷһ¯Ŀ⾼·ܽԽȻ˿
ЩǳԽȻյĺѣҲΪԽȻׯԽׯȡ֮
ΪԽȻıɽ繲֮λڳԽȻ֪ʱ򣬡ԽȻׯһϢѾɽ硣
ԽȻ֪ЩΪãֺγҪ
ֻҪȡׯΪɽ繲Ǿܸų
ԽȻǽãһʼ֪ǴˡԽȻׯһϢ֪ׯԴԼ̬ѱʮ΢
ô죿
ֻܱǳЩѣǲҪ¡
ЩѴӦúúõģɡԽȻׯϢȴҡ䣬֮ϵΪԽȻׯһս
ȴû뵽ׯԽȻΪ𣬽򷢵ֵ֮Ķ
ǶΪԽȻ̲ˣԽȻȴȻܡȵʦΪøۡڸۡΧ˾
֮ϵ׷׾£ڱֵĶҲʵġ𸮡
ԽȻϲ֣ׯϲ徲
ȻׯװСΡֺö࣬ס˸ɫĺѡ
ֻЩѣڳԽȻߵߣɢɢΩסᱻׯǺޣֻ˲ʮλ
ͷƹµһλ
ԽȻȻ˸飬ſʣλкιɣ
кιɣ
ԽȻпЦԼĸۡȻΪڣٽ׵ɽڣշ뿪Ƿ֮ء
Լۡ˸ӣȴҪԼյĺѽһ顣
ƹɾɽͬ˫ɽׯׯȻΪǽȥ
ɽһǷ
ƹ仰һ˺ÿ̵Ŀ⽫ԽȻȫϸϸشһ顣
еıٿ̣ҲòϣǰġɽԽȻоųơ
ڳԽȻ仰жʱ⡹һԼʦһԼԷΪ
Ҳ˭ҾҡԽȻɽмƣµҡ¾Լˣ˭λҿĸˡ
ƹԣǹһĨм΢ЦȻԽȻᲢۣ
˵꣬˿ԽȻĴţԽȻһвˬ
ƹӴȡһɫķֻۣ׸ԽȻǰɫķֿۣѸơ㴩ɫףǻɫǺýֿ
ƹһʦƷڲŸ
ӸԽȻɫۣĵ֮ɽԽȻоŷƣȻóı
ԽȻ鸴ӵؽӹɫۣƳɹʱԱߣ֪ʱƹж༤
۾ƹԼ᲻ôȴӸ֪оЩʲô
ԽȻ򴽣עеķۣô˵ƹɾסˣ
𸮲Ǽ˵ġԽȻǰδۡų˵󷨣ǹӭķ֮⡣ǼȻˣжƹһλŮվ˳
Ůޣԭһߡ
¶鲽󷽣Ȼ֮ϣɽ繲ׯĿ⣬ǰ𸮣ôҿ¶λ
ԽȻպѻƽ⣬˵øУ¶Ц⡣
лɾԽȻ΢Ц
¶еȣЦⲻֻǳڵĻȴгԽȻһ
ɾٶһǧʮǰн㲻ڵۣȴǺڵĴˡɾȻ֮ǰһ磬ȴ֪ƹҡҾ֪ƹͷôˣǲѣε֪ǣ
ԽȻ˫Ժп˼𰸣ȴȻˡ
֪ҸġȻ˳ԽȻǧ޵УϢҶָơ
ΪԽȻĺѣƹͿ¶Ȼ֪Ȼǵ仰˵
ԭˡ¶Ц֪࣬ׯ˫ɽׯ治𸮣ΪλҪԶ˫ɽׯ
л˵
ҴְרдԺÿվ𲽣ⱾĺȫŰܻڣҵ


41 
ɾ֪, ԽȻҵԼֱӿ¶飬ҷٽ, ѽ˫ɽׯ丽һ, , ˫ɽׯ֡
¶齫ӵ°ʹ, Ľ׿쵽˼顭
ԳԽȻĲΡ
ԽȻ˽, ֪Էûж⣬Ľͣҳ˼ʮ˹ǡ
ͽ͵ͨˡ¶һ, ʮվʹڽڵţ츳ԽȻ
м󻰣֪¶ҡ, üĿ䶼ǹС
ԽȻſ¶ʵΪԼ, ǵͷɾ뽲
˿Ϊ⵽ײ;, ¶鳤̾һ㿿ӵΪ϶Ȳ˼ģЩ鷳ǡ
˵, Ӵȡһʳָָһ飬˳ȥ
ԽȻ, ů, ӹ, лɾ, Ϊȣǳĺѡ
ˣԽȻ˻ŵʵС
֮ǰǱʦֱѣǱദǧȳֿѱѣûлŵĸо
ڵ𸮣غڴˣµׯЩΪƣЩο
¶һԱ˵Ŀ佱лԽȻǳĺѣȴ䵽Ŀȥˡ
ЦЦˣл˵Ǿסӣѡ
˵ţбƳԽȻһۣ˵һ䣬𸮣ǵʶڸھʧЧˣΪޡǳԽȻǰµ󷨣Ϊڸڵĸ˲š
лѡԽȻȻ֪󷨾Լµġ
ƹ㡢¶һ˼˵꣬Ҳûʲôö˵࿴ģԵȥ
ԽȻߵݣҪţȻ˵ԽȻסĵط
֪ԽȻֱԽԽ졣
䣬עһȦԼµ󷨡
㾹ȻܴӡȻװȡ
ҶԡԽȻ÷ܣֱһ򵥵ȥ
ƿӭһᶯĻʦˡ
˻ӽʣĿӳԽȻ΢Ц϶ˡ
ԽȻۿһ죬ǰĻ
⻭˽üĿһϮɫ䳤ۣһصĳ
ȥ⻭ֻǲдһλꡣ
϶սΣ˰ҪУԽȻĹΡ
ԽȻ˵Ϊǡɽʦе϶ԽȻ
ԽȻǰȥǽժ£ã봢С
еˡȻ˼ŵʱ޼һ档
Ҳ޵ġԽȻһͼصĻ˵
һλĻҲ޷ֵġ
ԽȻ룬ʦʦһſʼǿҷ壬Ϊ۾ӵĵطԷΪ度ʦ
û֤ݣԽȻδؾ度ԼʦҲп壬Ͼ޶忪ţҲвĴܡ
ڶԽȻĶ𣿡Ȼվһԣ΢ЦųԽȻ
ܡԽȻʦĶȻԶãοҽ⿪ʦ岼µ󷨡
̫ɵ£Ҳ롣ȻųԽȻʮ㣬ֻҪؿŶԷһҲĸԸ
ԽȻߵߣ£Ȼ¡
Ѿܾû˯ˣһֱôķʽ˯ڣֻ밲˯һûţȥ˭Լ
㲻ȥҼԼ𣿡ԽȻ˫ۡ
ʶãֻ̽⵽ĶԣվһˣԽȻҲо΢
˯ɣ㡣Ȼ˫ֱۣվڴߡ
ԽȻ˵㺦ңңҸоЩëȻתһ룬ԼڕDȽ׵ʱ򣬾ǶԷػԼûбˡ
ҪԸվţվŰɡԽȻ˵꣬ԻվŸˣԹԽ硣
ڴһʦλ꣬һ˯ε˴ǰʦʦദӡ
϶츳罣ֻһ飬ڻͨؿԼİĵӡ
ϴ츳ѷ϶ÿջʱҽϣ˽Ų϶˴Ȱؿһûֹѧϰҽ෴ѰҲҽصĵ伮
ҽǵѾϣ⼸Ҫȥһˣ׼̸޾̷úи
ǣ
ǣ
еĳԽȻнΪ֪һƴʦ
޷κֻؿ̫ɣܴ½ǰޡ
ʦߣǵĹβиһᣬһȪǶ罣ɡ
õģʦ֡ԽȻжһеֻԶ룬ʵȻӦʦֵĻԷ
ԽȻ岻ضţѸײڶ֮ʹ罣ĵһС
һбʹȴõ
һ˴罣βӦԡ
𣬴
ԣײײҫĿĻ𻨣˭ûбۡ
վǳԽȻӳ棬һˡ
ÿһУǳԽȻѹһֱ罣һ飬˲ͣ֡
һζУԽȻǰһ롣
ʦͬʦֶࡣԽȻ۾
ԡһڳԽȻ𣬡ʮһô佱ˣĶǻ䡣
һӴгһ˿ǰȥ۵ĶǳԽȻ
֣ԽȻöͷɵ飬С
ԽȻʱſһ밮⣬ԭʱʦ־ͰԼˣֻԼûпѡ
ˣʦ֡ԽȻԼȸԾµԼҪ˵ʲôȻʦڣҾͳ̫һˡ
̫ʲôһᣬֻǺ˵㲻ײɳƣȥϻһڷ𣿡
ԽȻ˼ͷа겻ڷˣġ
һȥһеȻɢµֻһƬʧ
ԽȻûи֪һ仯ڰ֣ȥһڷ磬ʦָʲôΪ˷˲ʦְϧԼαǿͬС
ֻڷ磬ʲôܹԵߵһȥɱ⡣
ҲûбԵߵֻǻһ£֮飬಻ףʦһס
ԽȻʮףԼ뻶ڷ粻Ƿ곡Ϸˣֻϻڷ֮ˣȻҲͬϵ˻ãԽ⼡֮ʡ
ûгףֻǡһٴת΢΢ͷֱضųԽȻ˫ۣƺʲô˵


42 
ֻǡһ³֡
ԽȻڴʦ˵Ļʱ, Էȴ˫Ĭ˰Ҳڡ
ʦֻ֣ҽ뽣, ûϾʱ, ǽ²λԽȻһ˵ûмĻ
ǧǰ˵Ļ, һĶڳԽȻڵϡ
룺ʦֻϲ, ʻڷˡ
仹ڼ
ûôáһЦһȥϻ, ұȻҪȥġҲһڷ磬㡣
ʱԽȻû˼˵ڷ缼ر, 
˴ܴ½ʤ½˼ʱ
ԽȻΪһһС磬һƶ˷衣
һסԽȻ, ʦܵҼϡ
ԽȻеЩȻʦ, ſɣر, µġ
Сʱ㣬ҡֵˣұʲô𣿡һᡣ
Щ̫ǡԽȻָһ㡣
һ˫ۣ, ղһԼԭеʦֵ֮䣬ôã
ҾЩ, ԽȻúһһ, ЩȻ, ʦɿ, ͷİɣԲȥġ
һĬƬ̣á˵̧֣꣬ͷ
ԽȻǾЩ֣ʦ˰벽ңҸо̫
һû˵ֱӺ˰벽֮ճָķ϶
쵽ϻڵʱһʣûعڷ磿Ҳܱ𣿡
ûعԽȻʵش𣬡ҪңӦûܾڴ֮⣬ҺֻѰѰˣǡ
ǡһǳЦһ֪ʲô
ںϻǰء
ӭԶԶڷ
겻һΪˡ
û㣬ͦ㡣ԽȻʵ
ڷ⻰лϲߵԽȻǰô˱ˣҪҸƼϲеģŮģǷзŮģ
áԽȻһƾܣʦһﲻΪ˼㣬˫޵ġ
һضŻڷ磬ֻڷ紩һᱡɴ£͸ɴԼԼ澢ݵΡ
ڷ糤޶βһ룬·Ȼӣˡ
һˣɵýԷԼԱԷñԼޣȴԼסԭʦϲ޿ġ
ȴ֪ԽȻϲʽˣһʦ֣˵ҲᶯƬֻ̣һʦ֣ദǧ꣬ʦûжģֻ顣
һĿģһ˿ڸǲסļʡ
ڷһӿһеļʣЦһԭλʦԼʦܡ
ȴûеƣ̽ʳԽȻʲôо
ǿ˫޵ĺѡԽȻ̹ϻش˿»ڷ緭Ϊڷ˶úܣֻΪߵһѣûʲôر֮
ȴ֪ڷ罫Դûк˫޹ĶǱ޷˫֮ˡ
ڷش˰أһǰû¶һ˿һȻЦӯӯ
˫ްڷߵԽȻǰ˫ֻסԷĲӣͱ˫޹ûУ
ûСԽȻҡҡͷ㣬ﻹҪˡ
ڷ˵±ůǾͺáңΪ˫ްɣ
ԽȻڷ˵ֱףЩ˼ԷԼϰӣͷ
ûʲô˼ģʦֵ棬ȴòӦ˵ôֱס
ʦһ鰮һһ㲻մ֪ԷԼθ롣
һȻ׺ڣҧ
ȻˣǾȥϻɡڷǣס˳ԽȻ֣ʦ֣ںϻڹ䣬ҪСıĵӸŶ
˵꣬ڷųԽȻϻȥ
ԽȻڿ֮ʱͷԼʦһֻۣʦִԭأһ
˺ϻûڷȲżǳԽȻᡣ
ԽȻȥſڵĵӵȥ
ǣ뿪
ڷ绹ûߵǰ㽫ԽȻȥʼǶԷȫ
ԽȻסڷͷȵȣҸܵһƬ΢ʶ̽ǡ
ڷ˵ˣں˿ԼԽȻá
ԽȻȴʮֽ⣺Ĩ΢ʶʮϤʦֵġ
ѹ֡ڷȣҳԹĨʶҵʶȴĨʶѹסһΪķãԭʦ֡
͵ʦֵʶԽȻͼһʶȴֻһҪ߾ȫܰ쵽
ʦôˣôҪ𣿡ԽȻôܹһʦֿ
ԽȻ䵽еʮƣ롣
֪ʦΪôһΪʦϲԼ
ȥ룬Ҫʶ̽Լ뻶ڷµʦ֣оǺζ
ֻ֪ڷʦֶҪԼǺԼԭ¡
ʦֵʶʹʦˡȥʦ֣ʦΪҪôڷס˸ڵء
ֱһº󣬳ԽȻӴ˳ڽ׵ǰΪֹ
ôҵļɣڷνþȫֻΪԼͳԽȻ
⡣ԽȻͷ
ڷҪͷȥǳԽȻ˫ȴԽȻ㿪
ô׼Ҷ𣿡ڷ˵ʲôζֻίС
ᣬԶҵѡԽȻڷͷ¡
Ҫ𣿲ٶ£ڷǰסԽȻϸϿʼ
֡ԽȻ侲˵
ƫڷӷڽڳԽȻĺһſŲݮ
ٲ־͹ˡԽȻϵסڷ˫֡
תһֻ־ͽڷֻȦסһֻڷգεΪֹѾʮ㣬̲㻹ǶġΪ˫ޣݽߣȥҲû塣
͵Ϊ˫ޣҾûж𣿡ڷҧҧ´ʳµĻ
ԣΪ˫ޡԽȻɿ֣Ҷֻкѵ꣬Ҳֹһ˰ɡ
ǺǡڷЦûǲֹһˡһţʮŸ˿ܶҵˡ
ڷ籾仰̼ԽȻȴ϶Էûб̼ӣ˿
ûյʱ򣬿ƣͺáԽȻ֮⣬»ڷᲱϡ
ڷ类Цߣߣ


43 
ڷ˵仰ʱ, ȻЦģȴЦţԳԽȻڷ, ֻ֪ԷЦߡ
ˡԽȻȥ
ͱٻڷ类ԽȻҪ, һ, ҪǶԷ, ҲԷˡ
仰һԽȻ, ڷ粢ҪԼߡ
ߵ𣿡ԽȻЩ죬ôֲˡ㵽ҪߣҪ
ڷʵóԽȻûа취, ĵȰˣǾˡ
ţǰȥ, ˫ֻסԽȻĲ, ˵ȻҪˡ
ڽȥǳԽȻͱԷ
ԽȻֻȦסڷһ˫ϸ, ΢΢ü˫֮⣬ǾôˣֻǺ֮ˡ
áڷ粻ʵҧҧ´ǳԽȻֻͬһ˫ޣΪԷϷŪ
ǡڷ̧, һакѻ˫޵ģ
ԽȻס
в, һλֿѸ, ǲɵšҪᵽ˫, Όܷǳȷ˫ޡ
, óһ𰸣رġ
رĺѡ
ڷԼڳԽȻرģʱĻŭţٲƽϸࡣҪڳԽȻºۼҪͼ֮֮ܲ
ųԽȻע⣬ȻڶԷ˫һǡ
رģ⻰˵ġڷ翪ĵԭ
ԽȻûڷЩţЩòԾԼڶԷǷˣôԷΪԼһ仰е˿ģ
ڻڷյüʱ˼ȭͷסԼĹǡ
رˣмڷʱ뵽˻֮һ
ܶࡣԽȻûжĻֻ־Ƴ˻ڷĻϲ
ܶǶ٣ڷ繴Ƕʱ£аοԼرˣͳԽȻá
Ҫһһ𣿡ԽȻ˫ȭÿ˵һˣɿһָҵֿѸͬһرҵʦһҲرģҵʦˣرġ
ˣڷεط㲻ˣˡ
ڷ簲οԼȻԼֻͳԽȻʶ˰꣬ȴͶԷʶǧ˷ͬټʱգһǶԷرǸ
˵ô࣬ҿ𣿡ԽȻʱżԼʦʶ
ȥģһȥڷ罫ޱ޻ԼϣųԽȻһ߳
ȴû뵽ԽȻתֽͣ㲻ظҡң㡣Ҫ飬Ҫ顣Ҳܽҵ飬㶮𣿡
ڷ޲ܽԼԽȻУɶԷȴҪμֻҪ˫޵ʱԼ
һ뵽⣬ͺ޵
ڷԽȻ֣ڶԷֱżѪӡ
ˣ߰ɡ˵ò㣬ңҲԼڷþòһԼ
ԽȻʱʦ֣˵ͷʱĵطʶ̽ˣʦȻվԭĵطһ
ɵʦǰأΣʦ֣㻹ðɣһǰصʶûˣ
ҵѾˡһգգۣᣬ·ûбԽȻ˺·ںϻվһ£ǽһ졣
ںϻ⣬˳ڣǺڴԲľ磬ûкϻڵĵ㣿ԽȻǺ棬ѵʦĶ˶ĵ
ԽȻԸԻڷ綯ģǣ̫ԼάӶ࣬в˰ҪԼ˵ûʲô»ڷ类ۡ
ʦֶӲ棬ֻ˻ˣѡ
ˣԽȻͻȻӦʱʦֻûмҵط壬ʦʲôʱʼҵطأ
֣Լʦ˽̫ǳ
˵˽ⶼ̫ǳ
ֻԼ
ҶԺϻڵĵӲȤͷ컹вµĵ죬ҴˣǾˡһ˵ţ·ĴҲġ޺ġ
뻶ڷ½𣿡һʡ
ˡԽȻ˼ӣǻ޾̷ɡ
áһһ
ȥ;УȻǳԽȻһ
һվڳԽȻ󣬺Ȼؿ˳ԽȻϵĺۡ˫۱˫ȭǿӿϵɬ
룺һ죬Ҫֻһˣ
ԽȻ֪һʲôʳ룺ʦ֣һǰΪηųʶ̽뻶ڷ£
Ҵδ£һʱˡһм⼸֣ȴһᡣ
ԽȻһŤòֻԷĺ档
ɲ֪ΣڻУԽȻܹȫӽǵؿһò
ԭʦֵʱı顣ԽȻжʱһ˿һϧĨϧܿ챻ϣΪҪϧһҡ
֪һͻڷԼŤĸ󣬳ԽȻٿһУȫȻˡ
ڷԼְֺޣʦһڷֻк⡣
˻ص޾̷·
ֱʮ󣬶üϾ
ˣ꣡ԽȻԤеʲô䵽Ϊֹ
һŴξг
ԽȻȻͷɵĺ顣
ôˣج𣿡Ȼһԣæǰ
ԽȻֱ̧֣һͷϵ麹õ֣Լֱϳһҧۡξлڷµҧۡ
ôξʵԽȻˣһеһУξûʵС
ʲô£ʲôΣȻȻ˳ԽȻֱϵҧۡ
ȷԽȻ֮ǰûκκۼξйŹ֡
ûʲôΡԽȻܲúȻ˵ԼεԼûȥʱɡ
ûʲôξͺáȻ֪ԽȻԸԼ飬ܹܡ
ʱöԷԼ顣
ԽȻӴóʦĻ룺ǲʦҪʲôһգǷҪҽ⿪⣿
ȥһˣ˲ǱˣǶüϾ
ԽȻȻʶ֪̽˵֪̽⣬пɡ
ξǶüݷʦ֡
ߵ⣬ͬһĻƹ㡢¶
ƹ㿴ŶüϾʵ֪кιɣ
ǰҲһ¡Ͼ侲
仰˳ԽȻѾõļ䡣
ǧǰ޾̷壬Ͼʦ˵λҲһ¡
һȥ̽飬˳׷ֵ
ʲô¡ƹ㲢ûһӾʹӦǺֵܼ飬Ǽλδܹ
ǧǰȥһйءϾü򵥵Ļ³һذϢ
л˵
ҵĻº̵ġԽȣӭղء


44 
ԽȻһ, ׷ǧ꣬һûУôͻȻϾ˵Ϣˣ
ƹͿ¶Ҳһ
¶ҡҡ, Ⱥ߳, ϾһݣǳԽȻʦ, ǳԽȻĺѡȥϢ, һҪǡ
ԽȻһıе˶, ôȥʦǿεˣʦٺòˡ
ƹȴûбһϢΣǵʣ˵Ϣ, Ϊβȥ̫ɣ֮ǣ̫ɵʵǿ𣿡
֪Ͼü̾һ, ̫޾̷һһ, һΪ˾ͽɽ
ôԽȻ±ɽ
ϾſԽȻ, һһĵȻ紫һ㣬һɽʦܳԽȻ˾Ȼоŷơ
ѺáϾܿ췴ӦͬԽȻк, Ҳ֪ʦһΪ˾, Ϊ˵֮һ, ܷħ忹, ȳ
ԽȻͷ, 㲻̫ͬкιϵ
һȻ֮ǰʮֳ壬Դ˵֮·ǳʣûƫ̻塣Ͼ˵ţ֮ҷֵйأ̫
ԽȻǲ⣺ΪأͲʦ
Ϊ˵Ļڿһ˳ӣûʮİգƻ˵֮׵֮ĺƽϾдΪ롣
ˣɷǣصأԽȻʵ
ԡλȥ˼һˡ
áӦ
ϾĴ£Ӿ֮˼䣬ִܴ½ޡ
յޱ߾ʱ򣬱ǰ
ֻͣס
λȥص˸Ƿʡ
˶üϾܴ½Сȵɽȥ
̫޾̷һµɽӾ֮϶ǰСȵɽ
ƹ㣬ԾСȵɽȥ
˿¶飬ԾͬһСȵɽȥ
֮˷׷׷ƹͿ¶Աš
ȵʮ˶꣬ǸǷҲΪ߶յĴ˭Ҳﲻ
λǵ֤ͨλպáӴó֤ͨλ˵ȥСȵɽɱȥȻػ޵ķԶλ
ˡش
ú֤ͨǱѸٷɵСɽ
վСȵɽǰԽȻ̧ͷɽɽرߣٱ޾̷öˣҲɽ¼񵽵ʦ
Ծ·ĻڻӦĸһ㡣
ϾţΪ˵ȥ
ǿϾָָ̧Сȵɽɽŵһ
ϸûзʲôر֮
Ͼ˫ֽӡдʡ
ܿ죬ָ֮ɫӫ⣬ȵӫȫչ֣ǲŷһӰ󷨡
Ͼһ֣
ֻгһŮӰػһЦʦ𣬵ӹˡ
˵꣬ŮӵӰʧ
ԽȻȻŮΪŮľ𺳹ǵĵӣĻ
㵹֪ϾÿĿƳ˳ԽȻһۡ
ԽȻ֪ԼˣöԷԼĽԷĵӡ
ýͣϾȥᡣ
Ƕ֪ǶüӹŮӲ˷Ľ֮顣ϾĻǴ֮壬Ǿѵ֮ˣʺҶüɵĹ
ԽȻ˼Ļ˵Σָ˰Ľ֮𣿡
ϾǳĬƬ̣󳤳̾һӦ
֮кιϵԽȻĵģȻԼʦβĻѶüһ¡
ʧǰһʧ֮СȵɽҵĹŵʧˣصҲСȵɽ֮ϵϾ֮䡣
᲻ɣƹʡ
ôɵ飡¶һƹ㣬ǧ꣬ڻڽ¶β͡
˵˵ţͳϧԽȻΪ²ħͬھˡȻҪ֪һǳˡ
ԽȻ¶ʱʱ̿ԼЩůڸܵ˾Υ꣬κʵġ
ֻôЩܹҵĻ˵򣿡ԽȻ˼ʡ
֮ĵӣĪʧѰ˲ûҵҲʧˡϾƽ˵ʹѵĻһҪ֮׼ǡٹվǧ
ԽȻ徹Ȼҽ򵽶üŵĵϣֻĲ²⣬Ӧûôɣ
ϾȴǳһЦҪ֤ҵĲ²ԲԣСȵɽ֪ˡ
ȵȣԽȻϾĵŵҼǵǧɽСȵɽóȻСȵɽһʲôûҵǵ壿
λԭ򡣡Ͼ
ʲô
ֻҪλڣСȵɽûзʲô忴λϣҲΪҶüɡϾ˵ԼǳɽĿġ
ԭҪǱ¶鷭һֽۣȣʱôܵ׼
˲лĻСɽ±֣ҹŵĻ²ӰСɽѵСȵɽ澿ʲô𣿡
Ͼôһ˵ԽȻЩˡȻڣǵһ֣ܵУСȵɽҲûܹǡ
ؼ˭أԽȻʳ⣬ɽ˾Թ˭Ըⱳأ
ɡȻһֱûгֻĬĬţʱȴͦҪڳԽȻıȡøС
Ȼôһ˵ԽȻĺøвǡ
ɡԽȻȻļ򣬡˫ɽׯ޾̷Ͷüɵ£Ͳ˫ɽׯǣˡ
˵꣬ԽȻνʣִɽۡ
ԴԴϵسǿ˵ıйעȥ
ӽӿСȵɽȥ
ԽȻУ۳һѾ޴Ľɽ۶£һգ۵ĹСȵɽһΪ
ֻúȻһ죬ǰ̷Сȵɽʯ׷׹䡣
ԽȻһվԭز壬ʯʹ߲
̽˵˫ĿڱΣǱʶ̽
һ֮£ΪԭСɽи޿ӣʬ塣
˵ˡԽȻҧأû뵽ղԶ£Ȼɱ鷢
л˵
һ
׼˫˼ڵġƪģȤĿղһ£ҴʮͿ
Ҫ׼һƪģ߸Űҡܻվſܾ
󣬰ҵĻº̵ġԽȣӭղء


45 
ȳԽȻ仰˵, Сȵɽԭ֮ر˭ƻҵĶ
˵꣬һʶɨ˹
ʶͣԽȻæʶ
Сȵɽеİ׻ȴ޷ԽȻʮʶ
һ, ׻֪Ⱥ˵ﲻ, ·, 𷨱·
ԽȻһôߡ
üϾ, һڰ׻ͷϡ
׻ã赲ٷĿҲ, ȻҪˡ
޹ƻҵĶҪɱңͲ˵ĳͷ𣿡׻æ˵Ĵ, ϣ˿ɵ
ߣԽȻЦһĶͲ˵ĳͷ𣿡
ʲô׻·һ֪, һЦһ, ҵĶôܡ
ĻȻֹΪʶص̽ȥ, Ȼʬɽʬ
ôܣ׻˼ãǺղԶæѡġڽ֮ǰǶʶ̽Բʮʱûзʬӡ
ҵϾ˿ӣ˫ͨ, Ѿ϶ԼͽĻ˿
׻ĪԼĶ, и˿, ȻǱҪӡĵӻǰŮˣ
ֵ, ԼʵڲǰŮ˵Ķ, 㿪˵ûţʲôͣ˵һᣡ
ʲôᣬȻƭҵĹŵӣ㺣ǶüɵĹɱϾ˵˵ţۿˮ
ûɱĹŵӣʲôŵӣѹûм׻鼤ΪԼ⡣
Ͼеɻ󣬰׻ֿ˵ѣתһ룬׻ɱ˲գۣ˵ѹҲǼ¡
Ҳ͡Ͼ˵ţٿſӻͳ
׻˦˳ȥ׻͵ֵ¸ûа취㿪һӾͱýʵʵ˿
˿ɢŨʬζѬð׻Ż
ʱ˿ӵʬζƮɢߣǷ׷ױüͷ
׻һʼĸŻҲ
СȵɽĶ󣬺ܿ˵֪⶯볯Сȵɽ
ϾӻͳһĻĻչ
еŮȶˣԣò̶ȲڳԽȻ
ȻĽųԽȻҲеŮһ˲򶯣ò֮顣
Ͼһ֣׻˿зɵĽ¡
ûмеŮ𣿡
׻ڵϣ̧ͷϸϸؽһ飬ʵʵ˵ôƯŮӣһͷһؼŮӣҪǼˣ϶ˡ˵ûмûм
ԽȻǰȥֻס׻򥣬һִֻӴͳ켶ҩˮ
׻ƽһθ¹κʵǿҺ֮ᣬ
ڣӪĶˣȻ٬ס򥣬ʮֲˬ
ԽȻƳȥ˲䣬ⲻˬɢΪģֻΪǰٺÿûС
ŻΪŮӵѾĶͣԽȻ֪֮ԭˣȻ˿˿Ƿ
ڳԽȻò֮ʱԽȻѾ˿ͣ켶ҩˮ˽ȥ
ȿȿȡ׻Ǻ̲ס˼
룺㿡ˣĶ˴³
ڳԽȻʮֶθڵķϣǵûйԽȻΪԷԼӴеȻĶ
ˡԽȻɿ֣ȫ֪׻еİתǧأǿʻˣҸ켶ҩˮ˵Ķ滰
͵ˡϾмسԽȻͷʰ׻㵽ûмеŮӣ
ûС׻˼³֡
ôᡭϾòҵһ˿ԼصֶȻʧҵĵСȵɽӰʧˡ
ĵΪʲôСȵɽô֪СȵɽһɱǱƽ޹ԩң׻ӳԽȻòлָǣʼ˵
Щǧ֮Ҳûйϵ𣿡ԽȻָ˿ӣмѡ
ûйϵ׻Լǵ˰˱ӴùҪ֪СȵɽǸ˿ӣôҲܰѶѡ
ҩˮܳǳ־гǰ켶ҩˮԽȻڲԩ˰׻ɿɡ
ǸϾ˫ۣٶʱȻԾ˫ͨ죬治ˮ
ݳ֣ͼ׻
׻Ͼ̬ȣߡһ˦Ͼ֣Լվ
߳ϾһͷͷҵĶҪ¹򣬻ιҩˮ
ȿȡ׻һ뵽ιҩˮǳԽȻ΢΢죬ʣµĻ˻ȥ
˵Ҫô⳥ң
ԽȻ룬ӻͳƳɲҪľյ˹ȥյװǳ̫֮ѾĴµı£ǲˣ
׻ԽȻԼϸ죬һʱֻģáǳ֮֡
𣬹˺һ׳ԽȻ˼
ô˼¶Է֣زأ
˵꡸ءӲϵҪСȵɽҵڶ֪ҽ˿档˵һҪллء
׻ųԽȻ˵лл㡹˼лֻгԽȻһˣҲԭϾ¹һ¡
˵䣬˵Ѿ½½ִСȵɽ
ʲô£ǰߵղԶһ֮⴫
һ˲˲֮ǰ
ղԶ׻ѣӭ˹ȥ仰ȥ
ȺˣޣΪСȵɽ鿴ʧŮǷҵĺɱղԶֱԽȻһˡ
ԽȻ˳վǰ棺ɽģʲô£
ô˵ôȻԼûϲˡ
ȻǰȥסԽȻ֣ԷĶûȻĶ֡
ղԶԽȻһӦȻȻڶ̶ʮڴͻƵڣֱǲܷ漣
޼ǧ꣬ҲǺڣǰġɽȻֻʮ͵ִķǧľ硣
һϯɽ𣿡ղԶ鸴ӵʳԽȻ
ûԽȻѾܹȻԼǡɽˡ
ȻСȵɽҾҪʦһúˡ
أԽȻʦһ־Էθ뵽ʦǧǰںϻһ£ķθֺһЩЩ


46 
ղԶԽȻ˵ء, ΪԷηʦһЦ֪ˣôеСȵɽأ
׻ղԶԼҳԽȻ, Щ˼, ǴղԶô˵
ղԶ׻Ĵ, Ҳֵشȥôɽأ
ԭɽ׻, Ǹ֡
ղԶһ޵İ׻Ȼ˫죬ĿؿԽȻ, ʲôףĵҵϻҳӣϲ˳ԽȻ
, ղԶɽֻԷαͦһϮɫ, üԶɽ, ﲨᣬССշ, һ˫һ
Ҳѹְ׻ԡɽһ顣
ղԶԼĺѲֱӶԳԽȻ˵ɲ㣡˹涨ˣƻĵ, ƻĵ̣Ҫϵļ
ûСȵɽµ˿𣿡ԽȻ治ɫĲ, ǧǧ, Ȼǰ׻ɱ, Ҳĵ, ǲӦҳףлСȵɽ˿𣿡
¡ղԶͷ˿һ£ƻ޵Сȵɽһ£ܹͬۡ
ôܹۣͬԽȻʣûСȵɽ޷ֵµ˿ӡ
ѽѽ׻ͷĿ벻ԽȻ
㡭ղԶ˳׻䣬㻹ǸҸϽɡ
׻֪Լ˵ˣֻ֪ɫǰԽȻ˵ʲôǶԵġǺ죬ǹԹԱ죬ٶ໰ֻͳԽȻա
˲һ˿ġղԶһ뵽ô˾Ȼ˵һλо˲Ӭھһϼơ
˵̯꣬ƣðһ

ǰ֣һֻ޳ϸǽִ⴦ðţһϮһ߳
ɢֻڷڶ·ȹڻɫĹâ
һղԶٻģȻֱԵղԶ
һ֮ңղԶʲôһ˵Ҫһ
ĺõɽǵĻղԶָָԶĳԽȻ
ɽ֣һ˰תǡɿԽȻȻǣֵĻ档
ʲôһ˫ۣʳ仰
ղԶԽȻСȵɽСȵɽ˿ӵ¸һ
һЦЦ˵ȴ˫ۣĿڳԽȻȻյ˫ϡ
ȻɽҵϯӣΥ˵Ĺ涨Ҿ
ãղԶû뵽ԵһԴӵ˵֮󣬵˹ʡ
ԽȻٴμʦһԷ˵ôᣬ֪Է֣֮зһġ
Ŷĵʦ˿ɺˣ
һΪ˺ȻȻˣûмǵġ
һؿھʹʹº͵öˣлĹġ
ԽȻһǷˣĿǰ𴩶ԷӲŵĿտǣĹжԷ
һһ˵лĹġԵԷһ
ԽȻֱһһΣЦһʦǵԼģǲҪܽյΪá
Ȼ֪Լ˵⻰ĵȻվԼߣԼȻǣס֣˻ӣʦּȻˡ
ҼȻѾ˵շұȻܵסһᶨܷҶȥΪвȻץ㡣
˵ţĿӳԽȻתƵϣʦܵղԶˣҪ̳־ؾǹأΥ˱Ҫۡ
ʦҪ̳Լ־ԽȻŻȻԼղԶ˵ĳԡ
ˡĵҲΪԼƻԼղԶµĹء
ðɡԽȻԼĳԣΥ˵ɷҲ˿ӣֹ֪ܵҪң
ƻĵ̣һ𡣡ղԶ˼㷢˿ӣʮ֪꣬ʲô
ûУʮɡһ³ôһ䡣
ҿ˭ץȻȻ˵ᣬȴû˸ҺĻ
塢ħħ罻սҪȻ̫ɵشХҲӮսڳ嶼Ȼӡ̣֪ʵɲ⡣
л֡ԽȻȻ֣¼Ȼ𣬾Ӧսᡣͬ˵ּԸ˵ɷȻҪʮ꣬Ҿͷʮꡣ
㣡Ȼû뵽ԽȻ˵һ֮ǰԷ˽յ֣һʾһ˵һ󣬳ԽȻ͸ı⡣
Ȼһ˵ĻʦܵղԶˣҪ̳־ؾǹأΥ˱Ҫۡ
һ룬׹ԽȻǻ𴴰˵ĳˣΪʵˣΥ˵ɷǷΥɷ£Ҫ
һԽȻԳԽȻĽһ¥Է˼ᶨΪʵˣΥԼĳԣǺεȵĲװ
ˡȻ˵仰ĬĬĳԽȻļʾԼٲ¡
иǰԽȻ
ʲôһգգۣĿȻڳԽȻϵֻϡ
Ҫ֪˿˭µҪµĲ鴦ԽȻȲºһȥʮꡣ
ں̸һ˵仰ݣҵĵӡ
ӾһҪʦ𣿡ԽȻЦһΪʦ𣿡
˵һ¡
˵ǶβĿĻָˮ档
ԽȻ룺㲻ϲϲɽҵҾʹ࣬Գҵܵ衣
ԼҼȻ֣Ȼʮָա
ǺڵʵʦȻǴڵʵˣδҵĶ֡οһʮ֡ԽȻ˵š
ʱϾͦԽȻҲҪŪ˿ӵ¡
Ͼ֪ԼĹŵĻʧ϶˿йأһҪࡣ
ƹͿ¶ֻ֪ԽȻʦ˲λĻСȵɽ֣˵֮˿ɣûҲ֪
һĿⲻԾֻ˳ԽȻȻյʮָϣзһɬʦܵϲڷ磬ϲȻôƫƫң
ţȴش¡
ȻǼȻ˿˭µǾһɡ


47 
ղԶ˿һ, ԷԸáɽ鰸ȲֺٱѺʮ꣬Ҳûʲô˵, ֻͷӦ
ԽȻõͬ, ˲Ծ˿, ۲ʬ
һض, Ǳ˿ǳ¡
, ÿʬͬڲͬģڲͬµ˵ġ
ԽȻʬ, ߵȻ˵ⲻһ˷µУ干ıɱЩ塣
⻰ΪղԶʮֲˬû֤ݣҪ˵ڵԪûɱ, ֻС廹ĲϰҪ塣, ⲿҲɵɷҳˡ
ԽȻⷬ, ֪ղԶάϣڶԷݣҲûж˵ʲô
ֻȻϾƹͿ¶˵Ҫȥƽ½һˣָԭǰ󳡾
㲻Ҳ֪ղԶм, ڵﷸҪһ㡣
㡣ԽȻ, ǰôûз, Լ־ͬϵղԶôӣ
͡ղԶһ֡
ڡʹȺ߳
ӽ, 㸺𿴹һϯɽ
ǣ
ԽȻͿȥ, ֻʣ̫µһԷȻȴֻһԣ塣
ԽȻ̽һ£ԷǺǰڵʵС
ֻһգۣͱԶڳԽȻ
˲𣿡ԽȻʣûзֶԷ߶ֶֻԷʹһ˲䣬ͳ
޹ء䵭
ԽȻһü䵭ͣҲǰɫһһû¶ֺ
Ȼˣȥƽ½¡һһ˵
áӦ
ԽȻȴûзֻĬĬ׼С
ȻľųԽȻͷ
Ǹˣˣ޹ءȻЦųµ˵
˵꣬Ѹٷɿʻޣźȥ
˼ʱ˴ܴ½
ֹһʱ˴ܴ½ƽ½
ִɽҪԽշ塣ȻųԽȻЦ
Ȼ
͵Ҫִ£ľһϡ֣ĳϣֻһ˫·
һ㲻Ȼ˵ԽȻԼҲ֪Ͼǰ²֪ٻء
½֮ͬ
ƽ½ĵ¡£紵ѩ
˾ɽţܣֻѩأ
ˣûиϳԽȻˣ߷塣
ҹ֮ɽ¡
ڵɽλڱϺѩļ紺ܴ½ʤ½Ȼ෴
ɽּߣɽűƣȵɽͺڼ޼ˡ
ȻͳԽȻΪߣ赲Сһ׮ֵһᡣ
ɽһɽһϸ
ȳԽȻһɽ壬ɽ㴫һλʩ
ԭڵǡ
Դǽ·Χڵľ߷壬ǵһһͱµɮ˿
ɽûУ˾ҹչǵĳ⣬²Żǡ
Ϊݶµĳϡ
ɳݶǣҲչʾǶԳԽȻ˵ӡ
䣬ݶӶɽ̤ߵԽȻǰ
λʩΪ£
ҽɽԽȻڼԼǳԽȻԼɽԴǰСȵɽһˡ
ҽȻܴ½˫ɽׯׯ
λȻҪ֣ôݶ˵ţתȥ
ԽȻȻ״ϸϡ
˲խϣûзһ˿죬ͷȥֻȴλʯˮ
ˮԶϿеˮļˮɼס
һգ۵Ĺ˱Ӹ߷ɽˡ
ɽ˳ļ̵ɰأɰͣˣԽȻȻǵߣӭԶ͡
߹ȣż̧ͷһΡĹҶ顸۱֡پǧȥдǵĴá
ݶ־оһΣͲͶλˡ
ͻݶϡԽȻʩ
ݶ죺ʩ֪ǻݶ
ԽȻžѣɽԽȻݶɽûм
ҸġȻԽȻΧ
ȻׯʩģǾͲΪˡݶЦЦ˵꣬תȥ
վ⣬ԽȻ뵽ղŵĶԷ۱ĻԴˣͲ˼ٿȻΪʲôԼΧ
˶ƿľţڵ̴ľζƢ
ˡԽȻԴ־˸
Դת΢΢һЦǿͣ
ԽȻȻ߽ڣڻԴԵϡ
λΪΣԴżɽ
ԽȻ㽫ԼСȵɽСȵɽµ˿޾ϸ˵һ顣
СȵɽԴĳ˵ôһ䡣
ôԽȻʡ
ʩ֪Դ˿ԽȻ¶ɫ㳤ÿҵһλѡ
֪ԽȻѾ̹Ȼؽˣҳоŷȥĳ𡣡
Դͷ
СȵɽʲôϵԽȻʡ
λǧǰȥСȵɽһ¡
仰ԽȻԼСȵɽʦ˵Ļ󣬵һ¾һԴæ
֮һ𣿡
ԴȻŵ΢Цʩ֪ò١
ҵʦ棬֪ҲȻԽȻ˵ţκ
ҲǡԴϵЦ⣬̾һֻϧǧǰСȵɽȴδԭ˵Ӱ졣ֻܡ
һܣ˸ûеСȵɽԽȻӵڶܣϢĨȥֲ޷ԭСȵɽӰ񡣡
ȷˡԴ̾
ԽȻ׷鵽Ͷˡִӻ֣ɻеĲл겢ûи֪κ
뵽ԽȻ˿Լֱϻûʧӡӡ˻֮ųֵġ
ǷԤʾʲô
ԽȻ飬ʵԴ֣ҿɷ強ס
ȻԡԴЩ⣬Ϊɽ˿ӵ£ȴû뵽ԷҪ強Ϣ
Ƿصأаħθʲô£طǺʲ
ȸȥ強ЪϢˡԽȻʩ˸񣬱뿪
һԵȻһԲֻڳԽȻ


48 
ԽȻھʿ強ס, ߵ強⣬ѡһշȥ
ȻҲ߽強
ԽȻѾϰ, , ʱ, ȻҲһػ
ȻڳԽȻ, ѾȻԹ壬ҲͲٵִԷ, ϶ԷΪȻЩøС
ԽȻһԵȻֱͦͦڴϡʦ˵Ļ, ԼؿڣҪߡ
ĿĵģҪϢ, ԳԽȻķ, û˯
ʱȻ, ʼԴġ̺
滺ԽȻĵķɢ
أʼ˯С
ΣεղԶ̫޾̷Լ
ɽղԶ, ҵСȵɽһ˾ǵˡ
ʦΪĺг, һȥ޾Ǽ, ֪Ȼ˶, ĻҲԽȻʱûʶԡ
ǣղԶ鼱֮סԽȻ, ˵һλ꣬Ѿʧˡ
ʲôԽȻһϽȥСȵɽ
һһ׼ȥʱһǡ˳Ҫȥ
ԽȻ˫ȭҧҪȥСȵɽʦʧ˼£СȵɽһλĻ񡣡
λꣿһҲţֻвʣŻλꡣʦǿôλꣿ
ǸͰСȵɽǶûжҪǲŵĻȥһɡղԶʹΪ˺ܶ๱ףҲʹ䡣
ǶһǰСȵɽ
ǳԽȻһղԶΪߣٶ졣
ԽȻξģ룺ʱʦֻղԶҲûΪղԶҷֵ𡣡
ʱСȵɽ
ǧǰҪͨ
ûо˳ִĿĵء
СȵɽһֻԪӤڵĻȸš
ȸղԶӭղ磬ڻˡƳƳԽȻһղ磬ʲô
ղԶһ»ȸͷЦֺ֪˭˵λӡ
ԭµһ޳ԽȻµһҽһȸϽƨ
ԽȻûȸֱղԶʦĻ
ȸӴг񣬵˹ȥ
ԽȻ򿪻˿һӳǰ
̾һ϶ˡ
ʦ㻹𣿡ԽȻ˫ۣ⻭еλԼʦ
̾һ϶ѾˣպϴĻ
ԽȻȻ˦еĻڰա
ֱʦ˫ʦңһжǼٵģֻһЦ
϶彣֪ѽ£ϣܹܡһϲЦˣһ㣬˭ס
ԽȻȥĻڻǰһһεشۿд䡣
ʦ𡭡
ûʦԼȥ
ʦôǿǿֱһԼʤʦҲûʶһ㡣
˷ΪµһޣȴȻΪԼţԼʦ˲µһޡ
Ŀеµһôܣô
ʵǰɲš
ԽȻʹֻԼһѣʹԡ
һԵһԼʦλ꣬ԽȻôʧ̬վñͦһϮ˫ͨ죬ǲϵһᡣ
ʦ𡣡һŻһ
ϴУҷġ΢΢һЦ
ʦ˭ɱ㡣һ۾ʡ
ڵصĳԽȻ⣬վᣬֱضˣȴԷĻش
ǡ˵׵ڵһ˲λӻʧˡ
ʦ𣡡ԽȻǰȥ񣬡ʦ˭Ϊȥ𣡡
δκ˵λûٳ
ʦܡһǰȥĳԽȻļ򣬡ΪʲôСȵɽû˭׽ʦλ꣬÷̫޾̷ǣ˭˽ƣʦ𲻵˵ࣿ
ԣ˭ԽȻתһĶ룬˫סʦֵļ򣬡Ҫҳס
ûһͷ˿̻һеĺ⡣
ԽȻתҪˡ
ʦܣҪȥģһʡ
ҪȥµĻԴ֡
û˵꣬ԽȻˡ
ʱӽȴûȥӦȥƽ½ӽȴͣһߡ
һתղԶлղָ֪ʦĻ񡣡
ӦġղԶһļʾο˾ȹ壬ͳԽȻĵӣҲĿģڰ˳䡣
һġһǿˮ뿪Сȵɽɣһ侲һ¡
ãղԶϻȸȸߣյѺúƽһ顣
ȵղԶͻȸȥһųʶȷϷԲûˣ
ֻᣬɣᡣ
һʶɨһСȵɽСȵɽڲ͵ײûзŹûзκ⡣
СȵɽΪʲôأʦλӡڻеĴܣǵѣΪҪڷСȵɽ£
ԽȻ֣Ȼܹʦһ
Сȵɽʲô⣿
һģʶɨһ飬Ծջ
·֮زСȵɽһ򶷺ѪĺۼûУ
һǿ̱ʹͣ˼
ʲôص𣿶ˣǧɼĵص㲻Сȵɽɽ
뵽һӻȡһƿҩˮȡƿһں¡
̼䣬λΪһֻҹɡ
չ˫ɽȥ
СȵɽɵɽѾһ֮ˡ
仹а£ɽΧ鲼壬һһֻҹɣע
ֻ̳̳ϲ滭ŹĵģڷԷ
ϸĵĲϣƮ˪֥Ƴɵġ
ʦĻɺλƳɵģλƮ˪֥ڼ£֮Ƿ
ˣһѾ˼ɵ֮ģ֮ǰǰ㣬ͬ˺ͳԽȻһ޷
ĵĲϻŨ֥ζɵġʦĻҲɵġ᲻ĵ壬ǽʦڻе壿
ڣһѾĿϣΪ˺ʦλĻ
ԽȻһȵ룺Щ飬ôûи߹ңʲô𣬻ǲң


49 
һܳס, һֱڼ̳
ڼ䣬ûȥ
ֱǧǰһհ, 嶼ڼ̳, ղԶȴԶ
ʲô
һͣ, гɻʱ, ղԶӡ󻹲òû̫鲨
ղԶ̨̤, һһϼ̳̳ͣס
չ˫֣ԭһȦ, ƺ̳ҫ
ҪͷˣΪĵһ
ղԶЦš
һЩȣղԶദʱ, Էֵúǫѷ, ̳Դ󽾰һӡȻ෴
ԽȻҲʮ죺û뵽ղԶôһ桭ǿˣ, ǿħ۹ⶼ̫׼ˡ
ҲⷨվҪӽ˽ղԶԹԵرܡ
ʲô󷨣һʱЩóԽȻ, ˵ⷽ棬ԽȻɱͨˡ
ԽȻ, ֱӳ̳Ͽȥ, ֻ̳ϻһֻ޴ĺɫˡ
󡣡ԽȻһӵó, ֻǲ֪νղԶ
ԽȻʼϸ۲ϵͼ, ŷ֣ͼ߰Ʋû·ڹмһ·
·ģ룬Ϸٺʲﲻأ
ϵͼĹ·ֻһǾڽβ΢΢
һ˾ͻգѵҲ󷨣
ԽȻӽǣȻϵĕD֮һ޴󷨡
󽫻嶼ˣһյ죬ͱ󷨲׽벼ء
ԽȻеıʹ󷨵ĲղԶȻ뽫˶Ϊá
벻ԼǧĺѣȻôһ˽ˡ
ʹ̫ãڕDȵ﷢һһŮʬ塣
ŮӺҶʶŮϾϯӣ֮壻ǻڷĶӣ֮塣ǾȻɱѹ󷨵ۣ
ԽȻ쳣ԭղԶ˽ǸΪԼɱ˿ħ
ʦλҿһУǶȻŵġ
ԽȻٴθпԼʶ˲壬ֿѣͶԷһ𴴽ˣ֮һôҪλýԷ
ƵһʦһУȻղԶɱѹղԶܵһʱ䷢ֲдʦλĻ񡣡
һϾĹŵĻȥҲȻǱղԶɱ󷨵ۡ
ǧڰºѹĻڴ֮ǰʧ
ԽȻһ뵽ԼղԶôֵܣ;θһڡ
ӽµصֻ̳Ϊҹɵʦһͣϡ
ղԶߵʦһͣǸϣһ֣һӭ˶ϣһ򷭡
СϽܣڼ̳ϵĻ춼Ҫ׼ڻδ֪ͣжѣҲǲѶΪ֮
ʲôѶΪ֮ıѾãһȳ򣬷̳ͣɽۣ֮ȫ
һ仰óԽȻģ˯У強ϵ˵ͷ
Ȼš̺ԽȻüͷ¶΢ЦųԽȻı
˯еĳԽȻ֤ǧ
ǧֻĴ룬Сֻб׼ķݡ
ԽȻ֪Ĳ̣κղԶҪϳ룬Է˻
ΪղԶ룬ҪղԶҪϳǧҪ⵽ȫķԣȴû뵽ղԶǵԸϳ룬ּɣ
ĿʼղԶδȼĻϼ̳
׷վڼ̳棬ŹϵԡԽȻǶԣҲûЩеľʲô
ȵнղԶѾٵ˵ϣֻķ³һһ𣬻˲
ղԶѣߵ棬һȼ
ȼͼʼŤµͼ
µ·ԽȻҲڹϼš
Ȼȼ󣬱С귢˻Ҳš
һȼգһܣһֻȸΪ˷̡
ڶﱻһֻܣҲܿ챻һߡ
ġ
ġ
̳޴ޱȣΧƼ̳žǧŰپʮŸˣÿһϲһģÿһﱻ嶼ͬ
ǰֻ֪Ҫ׼ͬ˲֪û̫򵥣׼ľȻǾǧŰپʮֻͬ塣
ԽȻ¶ģһҪƻеǧþǧŰپʮֻͬΪ˶ԸҲС
һȼգһ껯Ϊɻ֮ϵ·±Ϊ
ⳡķһҹӰձɽڶն
չҫ̳ϵķʱڷɶԾղԶĻ֮С
Ϩ
һֻɫСӻ
ղԶоŴС˵Ļѣ¼̳
λΧ׷ֻۣķ˸壿
ҿһͲ峤æΪԼȡ˵ķˣȴ֪ѱϵմ
̤ѩһʺˡ̤ѩ峤Ҳʾ

λĵĻ罫˼ɽÿһ嶼ɳһλˡղԶ顣
˵Ȼϣ۲ݣ
ղԶյõȫˣӵʱ̣ȥֹܵĸ塣
һ֣峤ȲѣǾղԶʵۺҲվûзֶԷʵܹѹ
ֻ֪ղԶƾٳ㣬ȴû뵽ʵЩǿ
ʵΪڴղԶһ־ʵǷȫͣ֡
ʱǵϿղԶķˣղԶģÿһһλˡ
ã
ã
׷״ӦûһԣֻǷҲûã򲻹ղԶ
̶ǽĿɽ֮ۡ
ôɽһֻҹɣ
峤ӳһһΪҹɣȥ
ǾôȥʦֻģԽȻȻһ󣬶ΪҲöԷ
ǧһ֮ʣһΪΣҪܡ
ԭǸ壡
ˡǧιۣΪ̫ѪỴ̄ǿǧ˶Ҫ
ǲԼͬ׷ȥ
峤³һɫĻ棬ֱֱһȥ
㿪ԽȻ
Ȼͣ¸٣պþ壬ߵ£ͳ˿ȥԽȻͷɵĺ顣
㾿ʲôôšȻµԽȻΪһ˵ģ˭ڶȡеĵλԺҲǡ


50 
ξ, һĻ棬Ķһ˲
һ˲䣬ղԶ׷һࡣ
һʵǷ, Щ׷, øַ
̤ѩ峤켶, Ӷ, 춯صڷ겻
һӶӰ, еٶƬֱ̣׷ϼ
ղԶҪ׷һ壬Ϊҹɵһļı, ֪ǧ˶ϣǷɢ޵ϡ
ֱ׷һԽԽ
ȵһһ֮ľ벻֮ʱ, /ǹ
/ǹ·һ, һȥ
һı£ֻܶ, һоִ
زҲףԼӲˣΩһս
һǴڵΪ, ΪҪߣܲסԷڡ
ղԶĳ/ǹ, ֵõȫ˵ղԶȻԺڵڵսƽ
ղԶס
״, ׷׹
ٶ³һĨ, һղԶĳ/ǹס, 㶵ͷ˸顣
һϮ켶ķѥһ켶ûбˡ
ԼĻ޷һֱȥĶͷ
ͬʱ̤ѩҲԼ̤һεɢж۷ۡ
һһԼʤ㣬㿪ڣλһżȻλһҾ͸¶֡
岻ţղԶڣ̫޾̷˵ĴӣһΡҪȥһ̫ƽ壡
һ޺޵صһ㡹֣˼˵λҪղԶĻǧ˻Ϊãʵ˽
ſںԣղԶһڷҲҪΪʲôԶ˵óڡһȡˣǶô飬ܹ쵽
峤ͬصͷǶ˷ˣôܻ۵һϣҿһΪſں˵
峤һ˵ĳ񣬡㻹ǵõĻһʮǰҾŮʱˣҪңҪʹˡ
ǵģĴԶǵã㡭峤ڼһˡ
ȻǵҵĶ飬ڳһһȴ
С峤Ͼܾ
ԽȻ룬Ȼ֮ǰ峤ûϳһȻһĶǲ̫壬ᱨ
ڳԽȻˣ׷ʲôһ
ȵ!̤ѩ峤Ҳˣ޾̷һ
ǡ
ʮǰҵӻѲǡλ·˵ԼʦֿԽ˼ʱʦִʦǷ㣿
ôһ¡ʱ򣬾˲һҲǡ
ȵȣס֣̤ѩ峤һľˣһ
ղԶ仰/ǹϳһȥ
ҹ峤޾̷һȹҵӵɱ
ʱ򣬳峤λԼҲĲ˼ֹͣ˽
ʱʵۺ峤ֹͣ˹Ҳ˳ͣˣֻղԶġ
ղԶͣ¡ҹ峤
ղԶŭƽ޹ԩףּǧΪȹ壬׷Ź
ԽȻ׵ղԶСˣȻܵߵڰˣ˵滰һ㣬ǿµһˡ
ҹ峤ղԶɢߵ۷ۣղԶ۷ڡ
ղԶôִŵҪǲпҹ峤ʼղԶ
ʱ̤ѩ峤Ҳһ£ĺͼղԶ׼ġ
ղԶһ⣬Ǹ˾ӣôֻΪ𣿡峤ղԶҪղԶӸߴ£Լóûλ
ղԶ峤ɣֻͣеĶȴôһ
һղԶ/ǹһ
˼󣬱飺˵ҹһ۷ĹЧԸ۷ۣǴڵ顣
Сҹ峤ӦһͲǵǧ顣
СղԶŬ˼˭֪ҹɣͣɽۣ֮Ϊ£ô׷Ź
ˣ㻯ҹɣɽ֮۹ۿǧ뾿Ҫʲôҹ峤ʡ
λ֪
һԼʦֻ֮ĲʺͼĵĲͬԼһ˵
ҾҪɽǺʦ
Ϊĺƽ˲ĥĹףҹ峤пû뵽Ȼˡ
ʦΪҪҳ֣λذæҪסһеؿ
Ȼᣡҹ峤ȷ
ǸˣԸס̤ѩ峤
˵λĻɺλƳɵģƮ˪֥Ƴɵġ峤ĿղԶϸΣ֪߶ڼ£ҳúǿһժһ֣ͻժһ֡
˵峤ĻͱǷߺĵͬһأ
ѪˣղԶ˳峤˼ҿҪȡҵλðɣԲŸһ˼·ߡ
˵ʦλĻǲģһץסص㡣
ǣղԶһڷ
ҷħ𣿡һָ֮УѪ
ԽȻ÷һʦˣȻеϧ
ϧͷԽȻҡҡͷӻ𣿿Һʦǧʦֵ飬ǴڵģҲܵڡ
ʦֵҲȷȷʵʵڵģϧʦֲìܡ
ˣȥҶһʲôоˣԽȻ̽ѰӵУ֪ղԶǷԸⷢħġ
ƾʲôҷħģҾҪħģղԶȻϡ
ǻģ㷢ħҲûʲô⣬𣿡һ˵仰е˼ȴǲ׷ŹղԶ
ħҷ𣿡ղԶףħģΪֹںԲ
㵽ʲôԣҹ峤ʼղԶڷֻҪľ֤ˣΪʲôأ
԰һԽԽᣬ㵽ʲô֮أǲǻߣ
һôһʣ˵ҹ峤峤ʼղԶ
һָ΢һ򵥵Ӱԭ󷨡
λͬһ𿴿ǰڼ̳ϣղԶ˵ʲôʲô°ɣ
˵ţָк󷨼ԭ¼
ղԶʲôû˵һֱһǹͱࡣ


51 
ԽȻ©һ˲ʦ֣
һ, оѹ
ȻԽȻʦֶ֣һ¡
ԽȻֱֱ˻, 룺ʦֱղԶ, λأǧǰʦΪղԶҷֵ, ԭˡ
ֻ, ʦΪβͬ˵˹ϵнԶأ
һ뵽ʦϲԼ, Լʦֵ飬ԼóԽȻеŻ
ѾʦλſԼ֪, ǰޣֹǧ
߻ش۱ſ, Դ΢Цʩ, ôôֻˣ
ԭоʮգʵвգ˲䡣
Դ, ȥСȵɽһ˰ɡԽȻ롣
Ȼԡ
˵䣬Դ⿪ϵ˦ա
λҵģһͬȥСȵɽɡ
ǻصСȵɽ, ʱΧ, ˿ӵġ
ô, ᲻ͷϣ嵣ˡ
֪ĸȱµ, ɱô, Сȵɽ¡úõСȵɽڱ˿ӡ岻Թ
˵᲻ԼµУޣΪԩ壿忪ʼıۡ
ԽȻţȻԴ˴˿
˭ǲɱˣ忴ԽȻһˣʼǡ
ġԴ˿ӣϵЦҲҲס
ȣʼгȵľġ
ȵһϣǻֱͦͦվ𣬳Դһݡ
֮ûΪɻңɻǰĻ档
ֻɻˣһǰӣһ˶ϤˡԽȻ
ԽȻģŽõͷ¡
ˣɻһɢȥ
ô£ɱ𣿡ԭӰгԽȻ롸ɽƣָųԽȻʼֶ
ɱˣԽȻʼü˻ģɱˣҪ߼޻
ɻһĵľѳԽȻԴأţԳԽȻΪˣܷ¡
ҲŲǳԽȻȻ϶ݳӣż·ҲԶһ١
ԽȻͷԴּȡ
ԴԣֱӿʼгȵľģڶƵá
ܿ죬òƵƴԴһݺΪɻҡ
ɻˣһ˲ǱˣԾǳԽȻ
γԽȻõĲǽǳǹ
ǹһ˲ԽȻһղԶǳǹ
ǹһ´͸˵ţԷ̴
һ£ʹ̴ʦһģһɱ˵ӦղԶԽȻ¶ۡ
̴󣬳ԽȻģ˻㣬Է֫
ọ̀ղԶ𣿡ԽȻҵĳ΢΢Ťͷ
ι󣬻ԴֵԽȻǽޣóǹ϶ģС
ȻʾͬԣԳԽȻĽҪɱˣý
ԽȻ仰ȻĺøֶһЩ
ȷԽһַһִţýɱˡ
ղԶǲ˽Ϊ˷ֹԼ¶ղԶӲǧɱˣȴ벻ԽȻɱֻý
ܿ죬ñȡ
ԾǱԽȻģɱõǱӣ¶
֮ǵľߡߡ
ֱڣųһٶߣһٶʬ嶼ǱԽȻģɱ
ǳȵʱղԶһ»صСȵɽ
Ǽȵĳи˽ۡ
ղԶ鸴ӣû뵽ԽȻˣȻɱô޹塣
һϷϣԲʦܣ̫Ϥʦˣɱ˵Ǹ־Բ
ԽȻղԶԼµߵԼͷϣжѾܸ
ʦΪԼ⣬ʱζӳ£ȻһӶࡣ
ˣԴ֡ԽȻͣȽȵһߣиҪȥ
Դջȣǧʬ֮ϣüͷ壺ʩʲôȳЩӽȵأ
ǾֹǧԽȻڶ˵仰
ʲôССȵɽҪֹ˵ǧ㾿ʲôĿģ峤̲סվ˳ָųԽȻıʡ
ǸҴȥɽļ̳𣿡ԽȻûֱӻش峤Ļǡ
ɽԲʮﶼѲ·󣬿ǵ壬塢ħ嶼롣ҪɽǺξģ峤ͱˡ
ǧֻдԵüʩΪҪȥֹԴҲԳԽȻľе⡣
ֻǧҪľǧŰپʮֲͬСǵٳɷ˵ԽȻ˵ԼξпĻ档
峤ԽȻûмôſں˵δɵĻëСӣǵ죬ſ죡
Ȼƽؿڣľλţһս
ԽȻֻ֣ҪȻڣԼͻеⰲģΪԷԶվԼһߡ
鸴ӣΪǰȻΪһֻ̤ѩ˳Թ˼ǧûзֳʤ
û뵽һ죬ȻܹվԼһߡ
嶼ħʶȻХսģҲ֪ԷԽȻսƽԷսĹٶˣû
ղԶһЦȻ˫ׯαɽĻΪأҲ֪ɽһͽܣһƫ󡭡
㲻ö˵Ȼôƽֻͣɽġ
㵱ҪΪɽݵĻΪ𣿡ղԶеš
Ȼ͡ɽʶ찡ϵôˣ
֪ǣȻǰĽԽȻ֮ԽȻתΪɽ
ΪԼһ֮˶Էȡ󣬺޲ܽõͳͳԽȻԷһЦ
Ī˵ΪУ塢塢ħ塢塢ΪУҲ֮¡
ҲǺ棬Ϊ֮һңΪҲۿǧǷè壿һؿڣ˵ĻȴǷᡣ
ԽȻһſ϶һ¡
ԼʦֹȻ˹ۿǧ飬ֻǱܵر˶
ҪΪ𣿡ղԶǹԵҲԴ
вԵ巢ʣѽΪʲôҲһۿǧ岻ܿΪʲôҲֻܿΪΪ΢𣿡
ѽҲ뿴С׷塣
ӷ𡭡Դּ˫ţԵⳡսķ졣
ԽȻʱҲγǿ˵ı


52 
ȳֵǳԽȻ, ĿȷһղԶȥ
ʹõǴ罣Ϊ, Ȼÿľ졶硷׹
ԽȻһõĲʽ, ڵĽ, ޴ޱ, ּһƵС
ղԶǹûΪԽȻǺڶСƶԷ, óȫʵд
û뵽ԽȻʵ
ǿ˵ı볤ǹײ˫ȵԻ, ǿҵΧĴˡ
ղԶ³һѪڵϡ
ԽȻͣڰգִһɱ
Ȼ, ȻԹԵ, 忿ԽȻ
һȻԳԽȻĳʽ̫Ϥ, ʦܳķʽ
㡭һҶ˵ֻĬĬ룬ʦܶԲԣɽѾȥ㣬ǳԽȻ, ̹ɽԲԣ
һ뵽ԼԳԽȻµУһֻʦܡ
ʣµ嶼Ȳ, ǵ, ɽֻһ, һ²ʱ, ԷȻʹڵ˺ڡ
ԷһлղԶ
Ȼ֣޾̷һ͡ɽʦͽ͹ǶԸġ
ʱˣһܻҪҪ
һ뵽һܲǿ˼̳ϾǧŰپʮСУ׼һͻˡ
ûа취ⳡ̣ӲͷƤҲҪȥ
峤ʼٻ壬׼ΧԽȻˡ
ԽȻǰƣȺܣ۾գġ
Գ峤ӡ󲻺ãʹ罣һСﳯʥ
ֻǿ˵ıɢҫ۵Ĺâ˫ۡ
ǳ峤ּǿҲ˫ۣ۾ܵ𺦡
˫֮ǰԽȻ³һڻ档
ԽȻڳȵĻзУϵƹ͵ɫۣؽ뿪
ܻٳȣԽȻϵ¶Ծɲ䡣
ûƹ͵ķۣƾԽȻһܿ棬ֻ϶ٻˡ

ﳯʥһûд̵峤ȽԷëȫ
ԽȻ˼ԷǼʱս
ԷΪëȫֱһͱԷ
峤˫ۣԼûûüЦ͸о쬵ġ
ѪȫŻ쬵ĸоôأ
峤˿Լĳ򣬷ëˣ
ٿԼ壬ҲͺͺһƬ
һ˲Ӧ󣬱ʹش󺰵ɽ첻һʿɱ裡
ԽȻ΢΢üв⣬ų峤һˣԷôǷ飬֮һ
򲻹ңԽȻƮƮ˵峤Ļýػ˶ԷĹơ
˵ãһ˵峤Ƹͣɱа˰һǧĴ򷨡
ԽȻЩͷС峤
̤ѩ峤ҹ峤ȸ峤ȵȶæɱȻš
ﶼףþȫȻֻ˼Ǹûʤ㡣
һذ̣ܵ
ղԶʱڵϣĿڣʵɽε֪ǧҪþǧŰپʮֲͬ׼ģ˭ģǲǱƭˣ
˸ҵģм٣
ԽȻ֪ղԶΪҪʦλĻ񣬵òмԷһΪ
Ȼλ걻˲ֻתܾ֪ĶԼ
ôܸ㣿ں˵˵˫ׯߣҲҪһ𣿡ղԶԼ粻֮ࡣ
ֻϧ˵ĶԷȻ
ȻʲôˣųԽȻˣԽȻ˵ǵأҲԥš
ԴӳԽȻһΣϧԽȻԼ󣬾ͼԷԼһ㡣
ţ
ղԶˣȻĻش𣬱һѪ
Ϊ˸ߡɽҪǧŰپʮСôɣţκȻǸϹġģɽƭò֪ϵر
ʱղԶٿ˿֮еĳԽȻֻԷӢƮȻʱˡȻǱɽɫ
Ȼö˶˵һ˫ׯô˲Ƿǵأ
ٴοڣղԶ㲻ˣ˫ׯѵҪΪһɫ˵ɽΪ޸ΪӮǼѵӮǧ𣿡
Ȼɫˡĸ֣ɫһݣ˵ɽװף壬ʲôɼ˵£ǲȥɽ
ԽȻɫˡЦˣֲһЩ
°Ȼĳ峤س򴦱նһء
ԽȻ״æ˵㻹ס֣ͣ£ʦĳָܻȻԺҪϳˡ
ܣ峤˫ͨ죬бɱңɱҰ
ҲɱġԽȻҪֻǽɽѡ
˵䣬޵׷޸޵ִսս
ȻֻһɹڲòɹԽȻ
ϳĳ峤һԽȻǲ
һУĵʦܻôƣңɱˡ
ţνų峤ȥ
³ԽȻЩԾʦһֱ˿￴ϷôͻȻνսأ
һõľɱС
ԽȻӦԳ峤ͬʱҲӽһν
һǴڵΪ߳һ磬ڶԷأһҲԷɱ
ʦס֡ԽȻüͷ壬ҲԹֻǷϳǧѡ
㲻ɱӺֻǸռӡ
һȻΪúݵʱȳԽȻµȥ֣񵱳ΪȳԽȻԸ⵱˵һ
ԽȻ֪ʦֶƫҲ֪ԷƫԴˣֻüͷ壬һܳ˳峤ĹҲʦֵĹ
ȻԽȻóаһ¡
𽥵ģһ˸ֻ֧ԽȻ
εɽʦɱ
ûʦ𣡡
һ˵ãһ˵ǳԽȻʦ𣬳ԽȻԷȪжԼµ¡
ԽȻеĽһݣһս֡
νһе䣬ֱֱ˿
һ˫ۣ䵱ʦֵܷҲûе
ʦܻ˸ӣȻ˺Լ
˵ҲȻһʦܵʦܸˡ


53 
һۿ, ˮۿдתǲԵ
ԽȻûжľȥעʦ, ֻһ峤˿
峤Ӷ, ҲѲǿ˵ı
ԽȻͷƹ㣺ûжĽ
ҶǡƹӴһѷı, ˹ȥ
ԽȻź̤ѩ峤, ̤ѩ峤Ǹѩ壬֪򲻹ԽȻ, ɿسԶˣ׼ȫϣŻ
, ƹҲƵĸַս
ƹĸȦҹ峤
ҹ峤зԼƴ㣬ĸȦȴһ, ֱס, á
ʱ󣬵޵ʱ, 峤ѾƷ
һǿ˫صıʹóƣǿýʣޡ
һǼ˵ǰɽ, Ƴɽ󷨣
˵廹ЩԥΪǱֹǧʱ򿿽ɽ
ղԶʱҲó, Ҫ, ԽȻͼ, ת͸һ
ԽȻղԶ, һһȲϣɱԷ
ڼû֤ݿԽ¶ղԶУɱ˶Է
Ҫ¾ǰɽųеС
˵ǻһþǳ⡣
̬ȼԥǧ׷תͷ뿪Сȵɽɽķȥ
ˣһͷĴʯһס촽ֻѪ
˸СѪȥ
ʱֻС˵λ峤ǻֿ嶼Ҫ֪ǧˡ
˵ӿѪ
ָ֮УѪ
ͷԼֽ֣ͷŰ֮ӢĳԽȻоԼԷ֮
˼࣬ͽܣͽܷ²ˡС
ʦܹ£һΪ²
ô˼ʦأ
ƣǱ߳ԽȻȫȻֻͬ峤
峤ʰϣֻʣ¼ʮλڸ翹
⼸ʮλŽһ𣬿ǱȻɢԽȻƹʰ
һУֻп¶ΪһûвսԱ߿š
¶ߵ˿ҡȣһûУĳʽǳԽȻ˲ܴﵽľ׼ɡ
һʲôû˵ֻճյųԽȻӰ
ձɽǰԽȻһڽЩ峤ʰϣû˼κһֻ
ߣǰɽԽȻԷߵȻԣԷĹ١
Ȼ״΢΢ǣ˳ԽȻһѡ
ľһͬͷɽȥ
˿һǧʦܣ㲻ǺȻ޵ô֮пֳʲô
ڳԽȻʲôһ㣬붼롣
¶ôأǲ˰ɣҪҪҴȥɽ
͹ˡһصͷ
ǿ¶ȣŴһǰɽ
·ϣ¶ʣôĵӣȻһĵӣʦܳԽȻ
ǳԽȻһ϶ػش
ԭҲôΪ¶һԭ֪һô롣
ϣ֮ʦֵܹͺá¶鲢֪һԳԽȻµУô˵
ˡԶˡһۿ죬ֻ⼸䡣
һߣԽȻҲȻôң
ǡȻЦЦԶ㡣
ԽȻٲͨҲˣΪʲôôҡ
ǰǷİɡȻ˵仰ʱûЦǷǳضųԽȻ˫ۡ
ԽȻԣС⡹һæ׷ʣʲô˼
ûʲô˼ſһ˵ˡȻԸóԽȻ֪ԼѾ׶Էתһ¡
ԽȻȴ׷᣺ǲ֪ʲôˣ
֪ʲôȻʡ
֪֪ҾǳԽȻɽ
ԽȻĻȥܾȻƺʲôƣҲ˳Ĭ
һֱĬŷɵɽʮء
ɽԲʮﶼ˲ɽ󷨣峤ּղԶԽ룬࿪ǵ鶼ɽ롣
ͳԽȻˣɽ֮⡣
ԽȻɵ߿գ󷨣ʼϸֽ⡣
ʱǰĺԷһޣԡ
㿴ʲôŵûУ
󷨵ĵɷǳҽ⿪ܻҪʱüͷϸ۲󷨣Ҿ⿪˵ɣеǧǧɡǺںڵĴµġ
Ѿ⿪˵ɣܷңһ⿪ǧɣԽȻ˶Խ⣬ҲܸȤ
㣿˼飬ģ
ǵһɣԵ˳ֱΪǬ롢ҡޡ㡣ԽȻԼ⿪˳
еĵһɣҲ⿪ˡ
ڶɣˮľˮ
ԣͷڶҲˡ
ɡ
ɡ
ɣԽȻҲһɡɺ͵ɣûˡ
֪ΪΣĪͳԽȻúġɽֱԶԷĵɣʼֽɡ
ܿ죬һ˷ֽһɣһ𣬽ɽƽ⡣
ˣһǰ̳˵þûд
ԽȻһǰɽļ̳
ʱ彫̳Χ£
ԽȻϼ̳ȡһģñơ
ֻ鴦ðһƺ̣ջһֻ
ΪΣԽȻһݣлңȻҾҪ̳ˡ
ԽȻ編ƣʣ¾ǧŰپʮδƣС˳
ЩСԸ׼ģ˲ԽȻ飬¿ˮ
ԽȻɵض㿪治ɫ
СǱ峤ƭģֱУ֪ԼҪ׼Ǹм㡣
ԽȻȹ֪壬ͷһξ¼һСгɾ͸С
̳˵ʹٽгչҲĵķΧ֮ڡ
ô壬Ϊ
ת壬ǧɾǧŰپʮֻСΪУҪȥ޷ˣʹ÷ˡ
ԭˣѹҵͻȻ峤ȥ󣬾ҲûгˡѾ巴Ӧˣڱˡ
ɽ
ɽ
ɽ
ԽȻԼӵд̣Ϊӡ


54 
ԽȻ˵, ԼܵϿɣѹǣܵϿɵǡɽǳԽȻ
ʱ, ̲ס, Լûбħ, Ǹж, Բõȡ˵ŻţرԼԽȻ
һ뷨λӰ, ת˲š
ֻԡɽŻţԡɽܱ˵̡
ˣȵָԲ, ͸߱ԼǳԽȻ
ҲˣȻҪħ, ٴ
־ò, ֪嶼úɳƺ󣬲ͣʱ, Ѿ̫
ԽȻվڼ̳룬ķͼ֮ϣڰ֮УĻ
ֱ𽥱СżͶƱ, ҪҪͷǧ塣
Ҳܲ𣿡Сǲţϲ
ҪɱղԶ͸峤Ĵۣ߿֡
ͬ𣿡ԽȻٴδʡ
ͬ⣡
ͬ⣡
ͬ⣡
ͬ, żҲ˼ͬ, ȼͬ, ͬû
Ȼͬ, ôҺһ󷨣ֻҪ߲ͬͬ⣬ͻᱻڣֻеһ𣿡ԽȻ˵
ˣ
ԽȻͶ˸֮Է˵ͷ˱ܿ󷨵ĵɣʼɽΧ
кɵɣָǧǧɡ
ֱ󷨲ŵɡ
ˣڴҿ˵߲ͬͬˡԽȻ
ͷһлᴦǶ˷ܣһҲûԹԡ
ȵԽȻ֮Ƿ׷׿ʼͬ⡹ͬ͡⡹
ܿ죬СǶꡣ
ڰг֣һǡͬʮǧ߰ʮһǡͬٶʮ
ӶԽȻȻ󲿷ΪóͽμӹϴǧͼμǧĴôǾߣôǡ
ɱǣ
ǣ

ֽԽȻЩˡ
ɣǻصСȵɽϾղԶ͸峤ȥףξеģ𣿡
ԣСڶԳԽȻηǳ
γԽȻûȻĿľԼظ档
һǰٶȾࡣ
ǼԽȻûͷǸں棬ĺøиһ¥
ɽСȵɽ˼ʱ˵ʱѾ졣
һԲ¹ڰգĹâ˿ӱߵĸ峤ϣǶܶǰж߰Ǿж΢
ҪôǣһƹҲȡԽȻĽ顣
ղԶǧĹһ¡
ԽȻߵղԶǰͷſڵһϢĶԷ˵Ѿƽɽ󷨣˱еľǧŰپʮֻСھͶƱͷǡ
ǱͷɡղԶǺǵЦţҪԵԼΪƣԵΪҡ
ͷҲҪǷĳ̶˵˵ϽǧξеġԽȻ֪ҪղԶԼ˵ŷ
оǧŰپʮֻСҷ˻ģһ˵²ɣղԶؿڣ
˵ʱ򣬳ԽȻĻ˳ȥ
Ļͬ飺ҲΧ۵峤
ղԶţؿڣѪ˿ڣҡҡλεվҳıǧ꣬ǧ֮ǰ˷֣ɱֱͽ﷢֣Ӧ
áԽȻյֿѣȻô壬ǳ
ֻҾţ֪ǧ£˸֪ġղԶһ㲻䣬ܸңλָ㡭
˵ţĿڳԽȻȻϣ˫ׯ𣿡
ԽȻӴͳ񣬡˵λθҵġ
ղԶЦ˻ƣû뵽һ֮Ȼҽյİܾ֡ҵͲӦ˾壬ͱʣµλ꣬ӦýһλҲûҷ𡭡
ԽȻλ
ղԶǵûз˼ԼĴ󣬷Ϊǵû޷죬ǵһ֮Ʋŵʧܡ
óԽȻһ֮Ҳʧ
Ȼ嶼˵Ҫ㣬Ҳܱ㣬һ·ߺãԽȻЦ˵
˵꣬ת壺˭ԸղԶ
ղԶԼպѵķϣԽȻԸԼ֡
վ˳
վһֻޣΪֻԪӤڣҪɱԲղԶ췽ҹ̷ղԶˣˣ岻ݴǵվ˳
ãԽȻӦ
޴˳߽˿ӣΪԭΣͨ峤ëѪ죬˳˿
ſͣðղԶ
ղԶϴĶ켶ԪӤĻ޵Ļ沢ֱ˵
ʱзڵĳվ˳
ҲԸͬһͷղԶ
áԽȻǰ
ںͺֻһ󾳽磬˷ڵĳİղԶȻȻܻ˺ϵ¶ѾЩˡ
ҲԸ⣡
лϵԵ嶼׷ǰһͬղԶ
λյ¸صİ׺ղԶͳĴ˵֮һڱͳƲá
ȻΪŷڣڼǧֻϵĻ£ղԶϵ켶ʧȥЧá
ֻǼɫķۿʼǵȼ棬ͷϵķҲʼڻ
ǵСǰܵζ𣿡ղԶǺЦʱǲԸԼ·硣
˵䣬ϵķۡڡ´ӺѥӶΪҽ
塣
ؿڣֱͦͦվ˿ϣ΢Цں;طꡣ
ܿ죬Ǳҷɣҹз
ڱƵʱҲûзҽУǰ֡
ʱҲչ⣬޷ֻת
ԽȻղԶ룺վǸӣû˿ӵ£֪Щ˶ɱġֻû뵽߼޻ͷϡ
ղԶ鴦ϣԽȻջ˼ʣ²Ͻǧ峤ô
һղԶһȴ󺰴
Ҳ׷׸ź
ٴľǳ峤
忴ģ׷Ц
ҪɱҪУ㣬ǲҵȡЦң峤ۿͨ졣
Сǿɲ˵ĻЦøӴˡ
һ򣬻ûëĳһͷһؼ
ˣԽȻȥϿִ̰ɡ


55 
ԽȻ, 㿪ʼ³棬Ƴ峤
ܿҷ
̤ѩ峤ҹ峤
ҹ峤峤̤ѩ峤ȺȵȣҿɲԽ
ҪôԽȻЩ档
ǧǰʹʧ۷, Ĩȥһμ, ҿûָ۷, ָ䡣ҹ峤æ˵
²һġ
ԽȻ, ѯ
зڵĴλƽ, Ŀáҹ峤ȻĽǾָļ䣬ȻϳΪ, Զ/
岻ͬ⡣
ҹ峤֤˾ǧŰپʮֻСȴ޶, ּɡ׽
ҲͬڴĽ飺ϳΪ, Զ/Ǹ⣡
ҪͶƱķʽɣ
ҿͶƱˣҹ峤ָļ, 
ʱһָЩǿܹ翴һָ󣬿ʧȥļ便ʲôپҹ峤Σ
ã廹Ըһӵ, ϾԷ˵
һԿ¶鷳ｫҷҹ峤ǰ
á¶˵Ƚ˵ҹ峤ǰһɴ
һش
ҹ峤, ָ֪, ҪҺΰ, ͱղԶɱˡһҪȾҡΰ, Ҳ벽󳾣㣬ϳΪԶ/ҲУ
Ҳܱ֤ʲôһְĵЧľңһΪ˵ġ
лҹ峤һ˿ϣ
һ˵ڳĴ󲿷嶼˵ĳԱҪһ
ܸߵɽһͽܡ
㶨һٷ֮ʮסˡ
飬ҹ峤һɢָ۷ۡ
һ۷ۺʧȥļ糱ˮӿ
׻ָʧȥǶμ䡣
һ鸴ӣĵԭˡԭͻȻղԶԭҪӵм䣬ʦ˵Щ϶ԸңҲڷֵ𡭡Ҳϣ
ԽȻһһ޿ı飬ǿסĵ׵ʵָ𣿡
ָˡһ̰ؿųԽȻʦܻԸͬ˵ĵ׷·õһꡣ
̲ס룺ʦҾȻģʱΪʲôˣǷҾɱ֮һ
ԽȻŲںһĵЩʲôֻںǰ£Ȼָ˼䣬Ǿͽյθһɣҹ峤ûо㡣
ȷҡһм
ҹ峤仰·ԼĸݣƲסؼ
㽫ξ˵һɡԽȻһġ
˵ԭһ鵱յĻɡ
Ͽ츴ԭ
һʦܲͷʹѡǰһĲѵʦҲزˣڲų׵ʶһ㡣
ΪղԶʦֵܷĵҲΪͶԷŸϲˡ
֪ʦħһսҲΪԼʦرģǱ޷ġ
ڣоԼʦʧȥԣԼʦûжٵλˡ
߰ܡ
ҿԸԭ㡭һųԽȻɽҵĺͽܣܸ͵𣿡
ȳԽȻܾԽȻȻȿڣΣָɡ
˵գͼľ׼ָӡ
Ҫ㡭һҾҪҵĵɽҾʲôҲ˵ʲôҲԭ
Σв𣿡Ȼ˵仰ʱģ·ġ
ٵȻٲԼĻһ£Ϊµһˣ˵Ļһش𲻺ãԵúܱ
һҡҡͷׯλ뷨ֻǾ̫޾̷£ɲְˡ
˵仰Ҳ޹·Ȼ˵û̫أԷӦʳصĻ
ˡԽȻȻļ򣬡ɡ
ԽȻŶߵһǰüǣסԷ֣ʼ
һͷԼ֣ϸϸζϳԽȻ¶ȣɵúۿ
¶ȣġ
סԽȻЩȣֽôûָ
Ϊ˴һо³峤һֽ
һҽޣƸֽѻֵ£ȴû뵽Էݽߣûơ
ǸԽȻֽʱ򣬲֪ݽߡ
л˵
ԽȻúðҿˡ


56 
˵仰, ԽȻ㽫ڵԴԴϵ͵һڡ
ȻֻкڣȴԲʿ
һ͵һں󣬱ˡ
, ɿһ, ٶȼ, ԸԷκһ֫ϵĽӴ
Ҳ߻ԭλ, һԶ·һͬһƬеܡ
һʦַӦ, ܵ޷ȻڵԶ޸ƣȴʼʹ
ڿԸԭľ˰ɣԽȻһվԭأҲ, ߴٵ
һĬһϰʦ̬ܶȡ
㡭ԽȻҪڡ
һûóԽȻ˵ȵˡ
ֽһԭ, ӿ롣
󷨽ǧǰλԭ
ֻһΪҹ, ϣղԶһ
űɽ֮, ֤
ǧչСǰǲʶжô̡
ѹֻдܹ룬Ƕۿ̫Ҳ̶ˡ
ԭ˶С, ˲ҪҲգ
ԣĹ𣿸ղղԶĻƺһ˽ˣ
ûԽȻظ, ˶ղԶ˽ˡϵͼֽ, ˻һֱ, һ󷨺, ܹˡ
ʲôղԶȻ˽ǰûпֵúΪӡ
ԽȻȴŵĿ쿴һ
̫ˣЩСܹ쵽ģ
ȥ죡ڵ׷վ˳
ãܹʵ
ԽȻ˵գϷȥ
Ȼ
һֻٴ¶飺ܴȥ𣿡
¶鵣ǵˣܲסŰˣҴȥһˡ
л
һ֪ԼͳԽȻ֮Լͼ࣬Ҳټʦܡ
̲סĵ/Ҫʱصظʦߣһ̲ͣؿŶԷȻһ
ԽȻ֪һĵ뷨ֻȥϾĹŵĻ
ϣĻ񵱳һһŮϣڻš
ʱڵִϵ졣
һ󷨡Ϊʦۼ⣬һӾͷ󷨡
롣
ͽҵͽϾֱ˿̣ʧ̬Ļȥ
һӹĻԣȥĻĺ󾱣һһ
ԽȻ״ҲһϾķӦе֪ĻţֻǶԷ˹ȥûзӦ
ϾĻԳԽȻһлѣû㣬Ǿ޷ղԶıҵĹŵҲҪҵϯһȥˡ
лⶼӦġԽȻԼ˶ô˲£Ͼĸмеá
Ժ£ǶɱȻϾŵ
лšԽȻȻܡ
˭ѱԼûҪ˵ʱ̣Ѷ·
ԽȻһ뵽ѣֻÿЦĵװοԼȻҿۣʶղԶѣиϣˣҲƹ㡢¶һֱҸۡǰ׻
ϾԼеĿɣݹһѣȥҽҵͽܣţʱٻҡ
ͽܣɡ
һڿ¶ıӻ˳
ˡϾûн˵ꡣ
ӦÿԡһߵϾԣ㽫ӷ°ɣ󷨳ɣֻҪ߼飬ܽȻ
ǾͶлˡϾԣĻ¡
һָ˴֣סϾĲ
ȻʱƣĻɫ𽥴Ӳ԰ױú
ʱ΢˫ۡ
ʱһջ֣Ӧ޴󰭡
л֮Ͼ˵ţҲݸһһſٻ
һһӦǽתͷȥԽȻı飬ϣܴӶԷϿο顣
ɳԽȻȴûн߷ָֺȻһ졣
һһʹŻһѪ
ôˣ¶Щţһֱ㲻ܕDʴѪɲҡ
ϾҲܽţǲͽˣƣ
ްһԼѪԽȻԾ޶ã˵ıࡣ
СѪ
ĿȴһֱͣڳԽȻϣ޷ƿ
ϾͿ¶˳Ŀ⿴ȥͬôˣ
¡һջĿ⣬Ͼݹ
һ£ʦйͬˣǶӵϾ
뵽һ̲סЦҾȻ䵽زһƣҲҵĿ
ԽȻһྫ쳣˹
ҲѰɡ
Ҫôʹ֮Ϊۣǵ͕Dȵ󷨡
Ļڴ֮壬֮⣬һ֮塣
ӻûҲĻһţֻϢ١
һԽȻڿϺԼ˵Ļϲ
ԽȻһԼвã뵽ԷԼͼǸеüͷ塣
˷һǰת뿪ԼһԶ
ֻҪһýˣûʡ
Ȼʣһ
ԽȻüͷ޹ء
Ȼ仰žԼԽˣڳԽȻĿеĵλԿ̽Է뷨
ֻͼ֮ȻԼ
ԽȻȻһк׼ھ֮ϵҲҪһֱ𣿡
ǵġȻɫȻҲ֪ģ˫ɽׯ֣ÿ졣
һ£Һܾˡ
ʲô
ΪһֱңԽȻʳԼ֪ܾõ£ҺͳԽȻôǰ޵УңӦ𣿡
ӦȻʲôЦ
ֱӸ߳ԽȻǵԽȻ͵ϲĳ̶ȡ
ԼôӿȣôͻأĸŵԽȻ㲻˵ֻܽԼĸĵס
ҲӦȻѡȽĴ˵ҺͳԽȻΪ²ħͬھһҰ첻ġҵϧвȥħսҶֻܶгԽȻȫȻԼİΣܹص
ԽȻȻԼԼӵ޵п佱Ȼǽġ
ҸоֻҪ죬ͻƺˡԽȻ̲סϢȻ
ϲһһߵġȻ΢Ц˵


57 
ΪʲôҪһֱңԽȻԱȸе⡣
֮ԵɡȻԸ˵, Լһ죬й¶ʵŵԷ
̫ˡԽȻҡҡͷ, ҲҪ, ڲҪκ, ֻԼ
ԽȻǰȻ, и㣬лڷ, ħƳ㡣
㵽Щħϣ
Ȼһǣ޹, ǣҲͲᱻ˵
Ȼû뵽Լ˳ԽȻʮգԷȴϣԶ롣
Ȼ˵ʲôζ
ǰ˫ׯ, ڳʤҵ, ûòĶ
ȴΪųԽȻһ仰
˵Ǻǻ, ֻףԼҲŲ֡
ԽȻǧľϺԷΣԼԶԷƷ壬и, һеһйԳԽȻĽ
ԽȻȫû˵ȻԾֻԼҪľȷ
һ, Ҫר, Բ, , ԽȻš
Ȼɽֱ
Ҳܺ棬ģҲڵСһ
ԽȻ΢ӣźڣͿˣ̫Զˡ
ˣҪԽȻȻɲϴͬסһ䷿ˣҪԼѡһ䡣
ԽȻԽԽò˼飬Ȼи˯֮ʱԱߡ
ʼ˼ԼȻǷ̫ġ
ȻһʼħХսҪԼ㣬һ·Լȡ׵ɲݣԼ׵ڣޱԼ
һǷ̫֣
ֻΪúǰƣȻز
˵ǰԼֹ˶Է׽̤ѩΪΪͶԷ³Թ
Ȼ˵ġ˼֮项ԽȻһҲš
⼸ʮദȻԼ峺û/ХһһԽȻԼ
ȻɵȷǣΪԼĽԽȻҪ˼֮飬Ҫ˫ɽׯʮա
ԽȻȻ˿͸
죬ûдܣ˶
һԽȻ˵ɲϴͬסһ䷿ˣҪԼѡһ䡱ֻԼؿӿѪ
仰˼ǣԽȻȻͬˣҳԽȻûбǿȣ
һһ뵽ԼǿȳԽȻ£ԷӣͿʼȻ
ƾʲôòģȻ׾ٵصõ
ΪȻ

ǰֻХȻܺͳԽȻƽ֣ԽȻȻ߿ǡ
һôһ룬ƴ֮ӵͬʱҲ¶ģҪǿԼʵóԽȻܺ
ȫ˳ԽȻԽȻѣģԷʵߵͣǿǷ־ͬϡ
ҲԼϱˣԼΪһΪǣҶǵˡ
ԽȻɺȻ죬ͷһһۣΪĺ֡
𣿡ȻʼԼΪóԽȻΪԼѶԷ
ƴ˼ͣһʰɡģҶûκιȵУֻǾһֵýѡ
ǾֵýѣزԽȻЩţڲſʼȻĿĲ
ԽȻĵϸ˼һºȻദʽЩ֣ǰȻȻҪƭˡ
ţʼȻ
ɲţΪһոʶѣܹһǧܹȫػ粽ĵز
ȻԽȻģֻʹ˵ľ룺ģ𸮣һסһ䷿ġҶѾʶãֻҪ϶ҵѣҶ㾡ȫá
ԽȻԣûбֺֻǵͷ׷ʣȻһӡ
ˡȻʵԹٸȤҿԽ١㽫ӵҿԽùƵС
ԽȻֻϲͱ٣ҪԼ࣬ûȤز
ˣ࣬ƵУ㹻
áȻľ
ȻüҪһҪòã
ΪȡóԽȻҪ٣ôǰ
ԡԽȻһƵĹӽⷦһ泪𣿡
ס
Ȼ˵꣬ľǵǰʼҡ
һ֮ǻȻͣƶ֣ڲͬĻλͣס׼쳣
һʱȫĬҶĿһƵȻϡ
ȻƽӶȫͶ룬ȴ˼۳ԽȻ
죬㿴ԽȻı飬ҲӰྫ
һɽˮڴƸ߸ĳ
һϣڳζƳ޲һ顣
ȻþգʣΣ
ԽȻ۵࣬в㡣
ԽȻĻ̫ˣôӣôв㣿
ȻͷͬȷʵûͶС
˼ڳԽȻϣƴҪȡöԷҲϰùࡣ
ǶӵˡȻָɽˮ֪ĸо
ͳԽȻԴ򣬳ԽȻʹ⾳ӦĽ
ȻԸ񣬺ͳԽȻһξ͹ˣôһֱǧꣿ
ԽȻвӺȻĸ֣ô޷ͶС
˭Ӱ𣿡
ȻԣпЦȴܳϣֻ˵ͷһôǰ̫࣬ϰߡ𸮺ֻһ
ֻһ仰е̫ܣóԽȻüͷһ塣
ˣԸⵯ͵Ը㡣
ȻԸġȻ˼
ص̫죬óԽȻе˵ĸо˵ôܣ϶ܾˡ
ˡȻԽȻüͷʶתƻ⣬ʦҲ٣Σȣ
ԽȻһʦֵ٣ྩȸ¥ԷĸѶȵĹ硷顣
ԽȻһ£ʵһҪô࣬һʮͶ룬棬ɾ˳
˵ԽȻ룬ü˵ȥȻӦҲ˼ˡ
ȻһͶаޣϴŵ΢Цҵ٣֤вͬĿ
֮£ۡ
ԽȻû̫Ȼӡ
ֻһԸƵһ˳ԽȻĻӼһԼԺÿҪһʱԱּյ졣
һ΢΢ǣԭʦУҲȫȻûŵģٺܺ
һ뵽ԺʦܿҲԸ٣ԸȻ٣ؿھһʯͷţ޷ͨ


58 
ԽȻһȻ, ֱһѡ
ʱ򣬳ԽȻƳһһۣҲһ, Ǹӡ
ӻ˫, ɻ
Dȡһ
ôڕDȣŰ, 򵽲˵ġ
˵, ԽȻȥ͵ǱղԶƭ, 㵱󷨵ۣĻ󷨡
ô᣿ӲԸųԽȻĻղԶҼ, Ǿӣôܻ׼ңҵ󷨵ۡ
ġһԽȻ, кһЩ
һ뵽, ԷԼΪ˺Լ˵, Ϊһྫµӣб̲ס󷢡
ղԶѾµУҪ𣿡ԽȻӡ
ʲôղԶѾˣӴܴӡ
ԽȻţ㽫ʱλԭ
ղԶԼ, һԭղԶ˵˶ľ
ЩʵǰòղԶǸ
һؿ, ڴ
뻺, ﻺˡ¶ڳ, һڱӻ, ܲܕDʴҺܳĺл˵ָ
ɡԽȻԿ¶ͷųྫµӣԼıӻ֮¡
¶һֻһһˣǳԵġ
ʱһΪζ
ʦܾȻԸѡ񱣻һδıӣҲԸⱣ
뵽ԼʦܷµУ־ʦܵȻɵһƬɬ
ԽȻָָһӵ㣬ܹ
ӵͷһллλѣ֪
ҽһΣ̫޾̷
ԭе㾪ȣҽ˽棬Ǻϻڻڷĵӡ
϶޷ԼغϻڣȥɡԽȻ
ǾͶлˡ˽潫ԼȫڳԽȻϣԻԼϵʹ
һԽȻԴռ˽֮ãԴԼ䵭ʹȥ
ʣ壬ʦˣϾʦ˵ԽȻ˵仰ʱתȥ£ȴûпһһۡ
ԽȻ˽泬˼ȥ
ʱϿգ̶Ŷʤ½ȥ
ְף˲ͣںϻ档
ϻڵˣҾ㵽ſڣԼɡԽȻŲԸټڷ磬ٴμЩŤˡ
ɲȻһ뿪ʹ˻ڷ
˺ϻڣô׾ߡ
䣬һڳԽȻǰ
󡣡˽˵һɽڴרʦı
ԽȻһǶɽڵĴ󷨣жʱһء
ǵҿذĶҪγأ
ڷĻдů}˵ķħЦ⡣
ԽȻʱҪȻƽ󷨣һ̣ﻹʲôˣ
Ȼ

ԽȻûеõӦ
Сӽ٣ǶҵĶ
ŻڷĻ£˽ڳԽȻǰ
УβǿźԽԵۣ޶һƲߵֳࡣ
ڷһϮӺɫۣ¶ƬһƬţΪˡ
˵Ƥ£صЫĳ
ҺԲΪ˫ޣֻϰ޷滺뿿״ڡû뵽˼꣬ǱСӡ
ڷ֣סԽȻ򥡣
ԽȻ֣ȻãȻôǶɽڴġ
Ҫ㵱¯Ӧûʲôɣ
˵䣬ǰľ˺ϻɵڴϡ
ģֻȡʮĹġ
ڷ˵Ĵ

˵㣬ôƫƫԽȻ񡭡ڷϸԽȻòƫƫһϲ顣֪֪жߣ͵ĳԽȻҲ޼ˡ
ԽȻؿŻڷ磬֮һ
ڷǰû˵ϲȻͻնԵҲûڷˡ
ҡڷĳüͺԽȻĵ֪ϲȻңҪԶҵӡ
ԽȻŻڷС
ܲ񣡡ڷ̧֣ҪԽȻһƣɿԷò᲻á
СǺˣúͳԽȻôҶĴˡ
ڷ˵ţ
һ˫촽˳ԽȻĶͷϣüë˫ۡ촽
ûмԽȻһΪԼӵ˫òɼ֮Ҳŷ֣ˡ
ڷϢڳԽȻҼϡ
ⳡ棬ƮĴᣣԵ//
ˣ㳤ôԽȻķϣͲեȡΪ㵱¯ˡڷԼһΰľҪ˫ޡ
̵ڣԽȻڿ˵
ꡭڷ罫޳ʳָڳԽȻ˫ϣʱ򣬱˵˵Ļ
ԽȻ뿪ڣȴԼ޷ֻܺ޺޵ضŻڷ硣
˵ˣҡڷóԼԽȻ˫۸ǣҾźˣҾͿǴŰġ
ڷ翪ʼ
һκ˫֮󡭡ڷȻԽȻˡûԸˡôõһƷҲ
ԽȻﰵ̬
ڷ粻Ǻϻɸ߳ԽȻܿûб뷨ֻһζسڻС
㿴ҲܣԲԣڷЦװʲô˾ӡԽȻҲǣϲһ/ÿζԸͣþߡ
ڷ˵˵ţͣ
Ҳõ
ֻҵķݣûʱҶܹҪͻȻȥжྪȡϲںϻڵš
ԽȻŲûڷֻòͷ
ԼǷ˻ڷ硣
ʱ죬һȼ꣬ˡʱһЩʮһΣһʮҡ
ԽȻɸ֣ĵҲ㣬Ͳܻϲ𣿺αصᲱϣ
һΣҾԼǷÿһԼһƣԼǳԽȻ
ԽȻľսе̫˰ɣ
أҵİԽԽŤҰԽȻжжΪ޵ȥ
˵ڷЦ
Цڿտյĺϻвϻ졣
Ц˺ܾãͣ
ҲֻϣԽȻȥֻϣѰû뵽ˡԽȻôҰ˼⡭
ԽȻ룺Ǳħһͬˡ


59 
ۼ֤, ɱħȫˣؼʱ̣Ľͣס, ⵼
ڷ, ޺ޡ
һҪҳ, ˭ı϶ֽ, Ϊѩޡ
ԽȻúЦ룺ھͿȥˡ
ڷ˫ųԽȻô, Ī첹ҵģҴǰͺ뽫ԽȻΪУΪԶʤң޷ҿƷ, һֱںϻڡ
ԽȻ޵ᱻ/
ҪȴԼ, ֻλڷʩΪ
ڷ˵, Ͳ˵ˣʼ
ⳡ, ڷ˳ԽȻĽԣʣʲô˵ģҿղҲܡҪԹԸңҾͷɡ
ڷ磬ϲԽȻΪʲôҪǳԽȻһֱ׵ĵ㡣
ΪҵòԽȻڷֱ׳˵
ϵòĶ̫, òӦ÷£ǿȡ, ƷԼ˽ԽȻȰ˵
ڷ, Ϊҵò, ַŲ, ԲҪҿԽ㵱ԽȻ·ԼѾõ
ҲõҵϲֻõҵޡԽȻҧгݡ
ô㲻ҪҾͺˣҲϲҶô𣿡ڷдһĨЦ⡣
仰ʹ˳ԽȻϵĻ赲˵ģķǳųͲϲ
ǾϲΪֹڷ
ſҵԽȻ뾡һзҪɣҪΥҵԸںϻȻƽĹġ
ڷʲôЦһǶɽڴȻһڵʿƽģ
ɲһԽȻĪȻţһʦڣ֣ʱգһƽ󷨡
ڷһЦ
ѵ֪ὫǷֿȻܽǵ꣬ɢ
ԽȻԣһô᣿
㻹Ȼ㣬ǳΡڷдһЩ⣬ѱ
ԽȻȻİΣҵǡ
ŶڷʳָڳԽȻıʼϣҿԷǣô֤´βҵ鷳ңҷǣʲôô
ҡԽȻĬһȻƹ㡢¶顢Ϊ
¶ĵҿߣһ꣬һĸԸ㡣Ҫ֤Ȼˡ
̫㡭ڷ羲˼
ϻһƬĬ
ΣڷƺЩҡܰݳԽȻӣװ𣿡
ҿ԰ݳԽȻӡԽȻ룬ðݣֻԼˣװһ㣬ֻܾΪұ֤
ڷ𰸲Ǻ⣺Ҫңһ
ԽȻʧ˼ϢòһԼԡҾΪ
Ȼô˵ЧΣҲܱ֤ġ
ô˵ֻȨ֮ơ
̫ˣڷһ£ǻҪ
ʲô£ԽȻףڷôôѲǰô͸󿴱أ
һʱδ̫̣ҿԼһǧ꣬㿴Σڷôߡ
һǧꣿ
һǧꡣ
ڷ磬㲻Ҫ̫֣ԽȻ޿̡
ڷ˿Լ֣һǧ̫̣Լ
Ҫǽܲһǧ꣬ôаɡ
ڷЦЦǻֻأ޹ء
ԽȻԣһǧ̫һɡ
ڷҡҡͷУһǧһǧ꣬һ춼С
ҾܴӦԽȻͻڷһһ춼ǷǷĥһǧˡ
ԼΥģװϻڷӣҪһǧꡣ
ԽȻֻȰ˵һ巳ˡ
ڷϵҾͶˡԼҪһǧ꣬һǧڣ㣬ҿֱ㰡Ҫһֱϲ㣬ôҪһǧꡣ
룡ԽȻмޡ
νˣҵѣȣŵǵڷʼ磬ʾν
ԽȻҳһţѣֲԸ黶ڷһǧꡣ
ӦڷѾҪˡ
ãԽȻڿڣҴӦ㡣
𣿡ڷȸԾҾ֪ӦһͳԽȻ񣬶ԸΪԼ
ȻѾӦ㣬ܷ⿪ҼǣԽȻε
ԡڷӦڴ֮ǰҪȷħģ˵Ըһǧ꣬Ұҡ
ħľһҪᱻħɣΪò档
áԽȻɴңɽڴ˷ħģɽԸ黶ڷһǧ꣬ڴڼ䰮
Ϊˣڷ˳ԽȻΪԼ
ڷ⿪ԳԽȻĽƣԽȻܶĵһʱ䣬˸ķɾ·
ԽȻʣܷҵǳ𣿡
Ȼԡ
ڷ˵̯꣬ģֳһ̡˰һʱ˵ˣǾںϻڵſڣȥǡ
ԽȻڴ֮ǰʵܰ̽𣿡
Ҫʲô̾ӣһܹġڷе˼Ǿܾ
ҶӦһǧˣ̶Ըһ𣿡ԽȻЩ
úúãڷһ뵽ƳԽȻҪԼһǧ꣬ãӦˣ̵ֽݸԷ
ԽȻõ̵ʱ򣬺ϻ
ڷ磬ɽ
ԽȻֻ֮һζز̡
ڷųԽȻߣȥ˵Ըںϻģǡ
˵䣬ڷֻǰһ
ŵĳԽȻҲӰ
ɽ㾹ȻܹСˣڷʱŷӦ
ԽȻԱζɡ
ôңڷ粻ţħĵģҪһǧꡣɱң͵ھ֮;
ҵȻҡԽȻǹһĨ΢Цҷħĵʱ˵ɽҪ㻶ڷһǧֲ꣬ɽ
ʲôڷ类仰˸ֲ
ҾǳԽȻ˰
ԽȻ³һ仰
ڷ类𾪵ͷƤ飺ܣۼԽȻ磡
ʱǡɽҲˣҵڡҵȷǳԽȻû
ԽȻ̵֪ҵĽΪʲôͣס𣿡
Ϊʲôڷ˫ȭ
Ϊħһ˲ϣǺң


60 
ôܣڷ, ʧķһ㣬Ъ˹ⲻܣɽ϶ƭңô˿ܺԽȻ
ԽȻЩ, һƬĮȻҾǳԽȻ, Ҳ, Ҳ, ʵ
ʵϣԽȻҲûɱڷ, ֻѶԷ漸죬öԷܾĥԽͷ֮ޡ
֮ǰڲժĹбڷǿл, ֪ǶԷɱҲֻҪԶԷûҪĥԷ
ǻڷƫƫۡ
ڷ羹ȻҪɱѡ
޿̣
ҪԷһѵ, öԷ֪, ȡ˵˵Ϊݽ档
ƭңԽȻôôңڷд, ȴʲôҲ
֪ôһˣ׵ҿۣŻ˫ޡЫĳѱ˵, ɱɱҲҪ֪ѵ
ԽȻ˵, ̷봢, ϻ⡣
һţԽȻڸ߿ϴ
Ȼ, , ֹͣϻڵķ󷨡
㻹ðɣȻʮֹĳԽȻϾϴڻڷ󷨳ȥ󣬳ԽȻԷ/ò
ȻɲϣٷһΡ
û¡˵䣬ԽȻȻǰ㣬ô˿ڡ
ȻķãͷҲҲͶõķۣԿԷϴƬѪ
Ҫ
Ȼһ˵ԽȻŵһѪζ
㻹ˣԽȻףȻһ˵ҪѪֻǰǿŶѡ
ˡȻ⣬ôӻڷģôϷŹǣ
üıƭȡỊ̇СԽȻڴһҲϸ͡
ǾͺáȻЩȣû뵽ԽȻҲƭˡ
ô󶯾еĺϻڵӡеǰϻȴûмڷ硣
ϻڵӼýͷö
ôɺãʮˣΪɲ⡣ȥգǾƽϻڵķ󷨡
ȵȣ㿴˴Ӻϻɳȥˡ
ͣˡ
ϻڵӾһ۹󣬾ȡ
ȵԽȻһ뿪ǲظ
ֻǡ
ȥ

ԽȻ֪Ȼƹ㡢¶ˣȻ޷ͻѹأִ֮ϣ޷
ʱƹ飺ȥɰɣŸǳԽȻֿѡ
ԽȻһ뵽ͷǣˣǻȥƽ½¾ɡ
ΪβɣҪȥ£¶鲻⣬ˣûиʮˡ
Ϊ鿪ʣ󷽺ÿͣȻǱ¸õľط

ԽȻܲ˵뿴Էɡ
˸ɣݷùţԷΪʹʧֿѣѰٻʱȥ²̫á
ҲǡȻ֤Ȼ˽ҲһС
ãȥ°ɡ׷ͬ
γԽȻһѽʮƺƵƽ½
˴żʱԽȻִɽ塣
ʮղھɽۣ֮Žŵ׵
ţȥµ·գԾˣȻˡ¶ؿڣûȥɣˡ
ȵ۶ϴɽۣ̤֮
ʩʩˡ
۶ϺáԽȻʩ˸
λסֵģذɣסޡ۶ĵ
ǵġԽȻͣҵǶˣҪ֪ɷ񣿡
Ȼԡ۶תȥΪɡ
ʿ強ΪŮ¶顢˱ԽȻ˷ֿ
µĺжóƣǱ˱ͱΪԽȻһơ
ֻгԽȻ𣬻Ϊ˫ޣΪӺͻƵ˺ڡ
Ȼ֮ڰأΪڷ翪ߵĵȼһһҹǾΪˣˡ
ԽȻסڷ磬õǵ͵ȼ󷨣˶Էڻܶ
ԽȻڴϣȡ̣뻶ڷԻ
֪㾿𣿡
ûд
ʮգԽȻڷϲ
ڿϺ˵ˣ
ԽȻȻĻڷЩתһ룬ڷ约˵ǲĿǱԶԷͬ鲻ˡ
ǳԽȻ𣿡ڷˣ֮ǰôû뵽ƹ㡢¶顢ǳԽȻѣɽǣ
ڷȻͨ˺ܶࡣ
ҵȷǡԽȻԼҲû뵽ػһ
ǰŵĿǼ̳˵־ٽгദ
ͨˣֻҪԶЩħ֡
ڷԣڳԽȻУħһࡣ
ԽȻŰĻڷ磬ԷѾһ²壬¸/¶
ֻԷһƬƬõ˿ڣԷеҲ˺ۣûһС
ԽȻһƤˣȻҲǧǧѡлڷ硣
ԷѿҲгԽȻ겻ѡ
֪ûУ֪ĻŻڷ
ûдڷ̱ڵϣ޺޵Ҵ㣬ҾӦȻȻ/һӣ
ԽȻڷڸģ̾һ
ϸһ
ûдڷ󺰵ԽȻб¾ɱңˣҿ˭㣡
ҲҪôŤİԽȻֻҪʦ֣Ҫһɢ˰ˡ
˽ڷ粻˶ԽȻƣ²ΪΡûֹ׽ߣǻȡʯ͵Ϊֹˣ
ûħħ壬ħԼ£ǻɱǵıܣֹƳɣʹࣿ
ûֻеĵ壬ԼΪ׼ûңûҹҹζɹġ
ԽȻϵҲ˵Щ
ڷҲ֪ϣϴȻ˵ǸȻ㣬ԶԶģǲǣ
ԭ֪
ԣ֪ڷ͵Ц˼һ׵úܣҲԸԸˣҲԶ㣡ҲҪ㣡
οࣿԽȻִš
һҪгദֹˣֹ岶׽塣ҲԼִҵִǵõ㡣ò㣬Ը
ûʲô˵ģڰٷʡա
Ҫ
֪ˣ
ǡڷ̴ֻӵ𣬡Ҫ˵˵ȻڵǰһˣƢһģһ
ڷڽһʵǾɽǳԽȻ


61 
ȴͬġԽȻĮ, ҺѾûжĻ˵ˡ
ҳȥڷ֮϶кܶ๲ͬ⡣
ˣڰú÷ʡ, 㡣˵仰, ԽȻȻڷٿ, 罫̷Ž˴С
ԽȻһһ, µľʿ強
һ, һһҹܿ͹ȥˡ
ۣӴȡ̣ʣ֪𣿡
ԽȻ, ˼𣿡ڷԾ֪ĵӣҾϴˣȻǵǸ, ѵҷĵ𣿲ǵ, ǿҵġ
ֻҪԽȻĮ
ŰеĻڷ磬ϵ˿Ѿ, Ҳ̶á
úúãڷڿϴ֪ˣȥȻһǸԷҳ𣿡
˵
ҷħģڷԽȻţ㷢ħ, ңڷ, ڴ˷ħġҳ, ȻһǸ𣿡
ˡ
ԽȻ˵, ʼ̡
ڷ绹ںڵľҾͲӦǰ⿪, 󷨣һ֪ͨôð̡
ϧû
һʱ󣬻ڷӰгߵݵİǺôʶǧ꣬ҲйܵĽӴ㾹Ȼһ㶼ϧҡ
ԽȻȥˣ˵ʶǧ꣬йܵĽӴһǱ㺦ˣ˭ĺݣ
ڷԽȻһףת⣺ߣҪȥǸ𣿡
ǸȷһߣȰκ˵ԽȻûڷ֮ǰô޶ˣȴ⡣
ȻҵġڷƷһ˿⡣
ԽȻõƢڷˡ
ԽȻŻڷȥ˻۶ϡ
۶ϼڷ״ҲǴһʩˣ
ڷԹΪ˵ţָָԽȻ
ӷλʩôʩˣ۶ľս
ΪҰҪͷҡ
ˣԽȻϻڷĻ㺦ȻˣҲųͷġ
ԭˡ۶϶ԻڷĸйһӲˣλʩմ
ҽлڷ磬䣬Ǻϻ
۶һºͺϻڰ˸ӴŵĹϵôϻڷ
ʩܸƶɮεµ𣿡۶ûиܵڷ£ԷȻͳˣе
ð̴ġԽȻ͡
ԭˡ۶ͷѵξˣʩصķϣƽϡ´£һҪԷԽ߷塣
õģлϴ󷢴ȱԽȻм
ڷȴ飺ͺͷǹض࣡ƣ϶أҪѩɽǲ̫ˣ
ԽȻ̲סͳ⣺졣
۶ȴЦЦûбðӣ˶µĹأҲΥ
˶ģͿƳڷ
ӷ𣬻ʩԼǣǻῼǵġ۶ͷ뻶ʩרŸ㰲һ強Ϊơ
ҪڷܾҪȥԽȻ䡣
ԽȻɫغһܿ˻ڷĶ
ڷʿɱһ˺öˣҲ٣ͺ¿ҾҪͳԽȻһ䷿
ȵȡ۶ԽȻִ˸ֲѾ¡
ҵԽȻˡԽȻ͵
ԭˡ۶ý˵ĸֵƵЩߣʩȷƳ𡣡
ڷȥԽȻĸ첲ǳԽȻˣŲʲôûõɽ
ڷ˵ɽûãóԽȻüϾԽȻɲôһİˣԻڷĹ۸á
ֻϽκûڷ磬ȻûڷȻ˺Ǹ֮󽫻ڷͻغϻڣ޹ϸ
ԽȻסڷ˫ֹ֣Ҷ۶ϣ㰲һ強㻶ڷסҲ鷳Ϊˡ
ӷ۶˵ţߵһ強ǰ
強Ȼ󷨣ƿţɾˬոմɨһ㡣
סƣ𣿡ڷԽȻ
⸱ģֻ˾ÿɲϧ
ԽȻȻܾᡣ
ҲҪˣڷžҪӴ
鷳۶϶סΪƣ֦ԽȻ
á۶˵꣬㿪ʼпھ
ʱڷ类ڴϣɻ۶Ϊơ
ڷȴ֣ͺ¿ǲǶɫģȻסҸʲôſңҺͳԽȻһ𣡡
ԽȻȥֱ˸
ڶʱ
۶ΪڷƣҾȻԼ強ȥˡ
۶ϵ˵ͷרĵͶơ
ԽȻص強ʼ
һһҪͼͣٶȸ졣
ֻһһҹ強տҲ
ֹʮգķǰΧ˲µĵӡ
ܳϣ㿴ɽӿ強ôȥٹһ£ɽҪݽߡ
ӷ𡣡ܳԣҲûʲôõİ취ܲͰɣⲻ顣
ԽȻĶԻŷԼֽڵصһգЩ˼
Ծš
ŵ˲䣬ûСӣ׷ͷĿ¶ȡ
ٶࡸɫǿաľģҲֲסԽȻɫ
ԽȻƤܹƻģȻҲһ׮׮ԵԼ
ĺǶ˵ԭϣϿ뿪ĺУҲΪò᲻ȥˣֻϣܶͣ£´ɽݽߡ
˼ԽȻǸ⣬Ͼ뿪ȥ֮ϵ𸮡
ԣ˿ԽȻ뿪Ȼò
ʩڶסաҲûϵֻҪʮµס
гڵΪȴ͸ԽȻΪ¶ԷԷ£˵Լ
ˣҼ̾ߡ
ԽȻŷʿ強ΧѾûܲ˼ֻϲԣȴεúܡ
ĳصһգ켶ҲҪʮ꣬ϰָܻ
ǳԽȻ֪ȻԼȴԷԭ֮һΪ˫ɽׯǧܵһա
ȻʩȥҲܸоЩϧûԽȻ¡
ȥѸ󣬾뿪
á
ԽȻȻ強ȥ౻ɫƻĵӲӶб˹ȥĿڳԽȻϡ
ǻûλܼ״ôӡ
ǣŻعһࡣ
ڳԽȻȻķţֻԷõķۣһϮ°ɫڴ
ҾҪˡԽȻڵ
Ȼۣ·ѾԤϵһ㡣


62 
ȥ𣿡Ȼ²
ǵġԽȻͷ, ɵġ
ϧˣδȬһȥˡȻϧ
֪Ϊʲô, ԷԼһ, ԽȻһĸо, ҪȻ, еࡣ
ˡ
߰ɡңȬȻ³ԽȻ, Ҳˡ
˵ɣȺúˡԽȻܱ֤Լһֱ𸮣˵Ѫ˼ߡ
Ȼ, ĬоһץסԷ
һԽȻȻ, ˵㰲, ˡ
˵ߣûеȴȻĻ, ֱųȥ
߳ʿ強߳ߵɽۣ̤֮ѩɽ, 뿪¡
ֱֱϷȥɵDȵʱ, ͣ
, ֱ֮ԴĕD
, 㰲ͣڕDȡ
DŰ, ʱ򣬳ԽȻֻԼǵۣؿкôҲʹӼ͡
ڕDٶȸ죬ԭҪһ²ڕDֻҪҹˡ
ڕD֪ЧΡ
ԽȻ˵Ծԣֱóһ״罣
֮Ҫֻ࣬ʽ˸оĴһ㡣
ȵﳯʥ︴յȴеʱĿʼ࣬ԽȻŷڵûķֺ
ԭDȣģϲɵٶȿ졣һģͻԲ
һĺȥôǰû˵ķ֣
ǰҲԹڕDɸԶԶԽȻͼͣȻܲԶɡ
ԽȻڕDһĽô꣬ꡢҶѩ졢µȵȽ
ϰĶǱ˴µĽУܷԼҲһرġֻҵĽأ
һ뵽ԽȻ͸˷ܡ
ڶĸûô㴴½Ҳ봺硢꽣࣬һ£ǵȵҶԵ˸ĸ˵ɡ
ԽȻ֪ڴһĵ
ڕDȵһڣӺڽ׵˺Բֻһ֮ңɶɽٳΪڵʿ
Ҳͻƾ磬ԭʵʲôԭ򣬵Ҳܽ״أ
ԽȻֻǵãԼǰ׾ʹӺڽ׵˴ڣûڵ
ȻȥҲùԽȻ˼䡣
صܴ½ྩǡ
ǰǣΪƷĿ̻
ǵģ̻
޾̷𸮶Ķ
þûԷˣȻѾٹȣڸ֮еġ
뵽ԵģྩȻȸ¥ǲȥ
߽ȸ¥ڡ
һţߴߴ˵ͣ
ǶԼͬسȥƲĿ⡣
ԽȻĿ˾ռߣ޶á
ĵС˵Щͣ⡭λ͹ҪЩʲô
ǵƲȫɡԽȻȥԼҪʲôˣѡȨɵҡ
õġСͷҿԽȻգԼһСľ£͹٣
ԽȻµСûףһ䣺Ҫʮˡ
СסС룬⹫ӸĴźͨɣȻǸǮ
ٽ磬ȸ¥Ϊһ¥Ѿˣֻж¥ר͵İᡣ
ԽȻСԼᣬһתҲڰڳԷһȥһ¥ûпλɡ
Сеȡ
ԽȻĹӣһ㶼ԸͬӵһԷԸݲԵȵˣȸ¥˰ᡣ
û뵽ԽȻȻҪȥᣬҪȥһ¥ͬͨһԷ
һ¥ѾˡСΪѵ
ûϵпλġԽȻ˵
С¥¿ȥһλûУҲûҪ뿪ӡ
ԽȻߵ¥ݿڣʵûԸóһλҺðӺͬ
һһ¥˲ڡ
Կԣ
пĵط
ˣֱϰɣ
ֱϣԽȻһЦ˳
ʱź֪ԼǲĺϲֲԱģҪռݵϲ
ǰôһֱûз֣
Ҫ㷢֣ͿԸõشʦ֡ڷ硢֮ĸˡ
ԽȻתͷЦŶԵС˵㿴λǺܶ𣿡
СԣͷԽȻֻԷЦݺƱѩڣ񣺡ǡǡλܶ࡭
ԽȻ¥αͦ·Ʒ˴ԼԳһɡ
˶ˡ
ԽȻͽѡһոóĿλԵС˵ȥҰ
գСͷæ˿ȥ
ڵСӵʱ򣬳ԽȻߵλϣʵ˼ʲôȤ𣿡
У˼ոջ»ʡ˽λ»ʲ˼ιһҪɡ˵ǰЩ̫ɽת˼£ûΪͽ
˵̫ͽرϸ񡣡һ˵Ҫ츳ߵˣʸۣһŵӡ
ԽȻԣ΢΢һЦ룺ʦֱֶӱʦΪͽܵģû˵Щ
һֱӱΪͽܣôȻΪ츳ߡ
û뵽˼ȨĻʵۣ̫ǰҲֻһֻϣ۶ˡ
˵꣬һ¥˶Ц
ԽȻüͷϲȡЦˡ
Ц꣬˴˵ȡЦʵۣͲ𣿣
仰ôЦ
ǶЦˣÿ˶ˣ
ʵֻǸˣûʿʶɲ˵ʲôʲô
˺ˣԽȻϽסûбȤ£
УǹǷ˵ģǹɽȤ¡
ŶɽʲôȤ£ԽȻ˺ġ
ǿɶȥˣԽȻֱߵ˵˵壬ͳд̫޾̷һˣ
ԽȻֱߵ˸͵û˵Щһ壬ֻʵˣ˵룬ô壬˵뻹кӹ𣿡
ԽȻԽüͷԽ
һ˾ǧŰپʮֻСôŴţͱζˣһ
Բţ
ԽȻݣɲܷôȥҪʵ
˼䶼ôˣ֪ɽô˵ģ϶Ҫ֣
˵ġԽȻηһղԶʹΪ๼
֪Щʲô𣿡
˼ԽȻвͬĿٿԷͨɣʱ뵽ԷܲǷˣʿǶԳԽȻ
һղԶΪղԶˡ
ʣµĻԽȻʻضΪһſ˽


63 
Ŀ, ԽȻ״ԭأû뵽ȸ¥Ҳܼһ
һȴܵлΪҳ, ֻǴ, ط, س塣
Ȼ, һȴѣʦܾȻԸΪ, ǲ˵ʦУһϯ֮صġ
һֱֱԽȻ
һ˼һλ˳ĴߵԼ, ƺͳ࿡ĴʶԷؼһǿóһλ
ǡ, ʱСӰᵽԽȻ
, ԽȻҲǣҲǡ
ɡһЦЦ, ֲǶЫЫҲ£ôأղŻΪ˵
ԣ룬λ࿡Ĵʲôʱ, Ϊλ˳Ĵ˵ˣ
ղų࿡Ĵ˲Ϊ̫޾̷һ˵
һ룬ѾԽ˷Ӧˡ
λ˳ĴĪǾǴеһ
ӦЩ, ʱ, ҳ
ǻͷһؼߡ
߳öôÿ
㿴, ס, ʲôӦһ΢ЦţǸˣǲأ
ԽȻعһǰݣ̹ȻҲûΪ˵壬ֻʵʵ˵ˡ
ǡһЦһվڳԽȻԣͷעųԽȻһ
ԽȻĽͣһûиղôˣǺϲ
ֻǻһǰ֪ɽʦܵʱ򣬶Էȸ¥Ҫζһû뵽Է
һΪھ֮ϵ𸮣Ŵȥ㡣һһֳֻαϣ˸ӿԽȻ
ԽȻһ㣺ãҲ𸮣ҲҡԵѾټ
ԽȻӲĻһʱؿһۣ˶оˡ
ܲôʦܣġ
㲻Ҫ˵һܻʦͽһҲܲʦ𡣡
ʦͽ𣿡ԽȻܣ˵£ͺ޵ҧгݡ
Ҳûʦͽ˫޵Ĵšһ˵⣬ɫ΢΢죬ƤԶԶûлƳɺͻڷ˵ֻ÷ⲻڡ
㣡ԽȻһӣֱһ㾹Ȼ֪ڸģ
𣿡һЦʡ
ȻҲԭ㣬Լùһ㡣ԽȻһп֪࣬һʲôñģñ˲ӦԼ
ֻܡ
һ֪ҪǳԼԳԽȻµУǴģôͻΣԳԽȻ
Ҫ˵ԼֻһصС£ͿȻһڳԽȻԡ
ֻҪദùãͲʦܵġ
Ҳ㣬һ߰ɣռһԽȻ˵գϿӣ׼뿪
ȵȣСæ͹٣ĲѾˣߣ͸
ԽȻԣĬһӣ
ĵСʶȤظһҲһӣڳԽȻԡ
ܻ̫޾̷ˣڱĵطǻ޾̷ɡһӣûж֡
Ҫһ޾̷ҲԣԺ׼޾̷塣ԽȻЦ
޾̷Ҳ޾̷壬Ӧ
ǴŹǡ
һһ㣬ϸϸƷţԴһʦܴȸ¥Էûʳ
һ¥˵ĶԻ֤ʵԼĲ²⣬ʦͽ˹Ȼߣʦ޾̷һ
ͬˣһ뵽ԼŻ˵һĻµֱ´һҲ
һ֪ǵ뷨Ҳⷲ˵뷨䣬ںֻһǾʦܳԽȻ
һ޾̷壬ҽ㽣һջ֪ԳԽȻԸûջΪԷ߳
ȻԽȻֻЦҲҽ
ҿ츧ٸһ뵽Էϲ
ҿȻٸԽȻܾ
ҵñȻи飬ԷĿΪԣΪս
ԽȻһĻȻҪǲҪ٣࣬ǵﲻ߶ȵġϴࡶ泪ֻûͶˣҪͶ飬һ㡣
һԽȻȻ˵ؿҪӿѪ죬ǿнӿѪѹȥ
ο֮ѾҪӣֻˡԽȻ飬˵һƿԡ
ʦͽԵѾɽҲһĵӡ
仰һҲ̲ס³һѪ
ôԽȻЩ죬һ꣬ƻô㲻ǵһҽҽҽ
ǡһ죬һķѪȥǵȻ̫ء
ԽȻ뵽˫ɽׯ⣬ȻһһѪصĳֻͷһ󳩿졣
á
ԽȻͷʱð֡
һԽȻҲһȻֻɲԸ
Իڷ硢һˣȷû̫ͬģԷ˵Խأĵ׾ˡ
УҲͲԼˡԷˣҲֻ
ԽȻ˵ԼĵĬ˼飬ûãǸеˡ
ˣһҲֵͬ飬ȻּɵģȻҲȻ
ԽȻ˵ԼֻܽһԼ
һ˲Լ󣬳ԽȻԼľͨ˽׵ơ
ôԽȻ뵽ʲôѵ޷ͻƾ磬Ϊһ˳Ȼ𣿡
뵽ԽȻԼǰƵ
һ㲻䵱ҵʦ㲻䵱ҵκˣֻϣǰԺҵҲû㣡ʲôҲҵУ
˵һԽȻԼеһᱻ⿪Ȼʡ
һû뵽ԽȻ˵ôصĻ
ǧ˷ֵ𣬳ԽȻҲֻͬ˵һ䣺ȻϣҾͲ޾̷尭ʦֵˣҲãʦ⡣Σ֮ʦֵ鲻䡣
ԽȻΪᣬͬ
ֻǱ棬һ漰Լ£㲻ᡣ
ɳԽȻǴڶģ㱻˺ԽȻҲᱨȥ
ɾĳԽȻ˵˴ǰڡԺҲĻ
ԽȻ׷ǵĹȥǵʦֵ顣
һ̲סڴڵѪ·ҪԼڵѪ¸ɾŰݡ
㣡ԽȻû뵽ԼһЧ
ָһĺϣڶԷתһȦ𾪵߻ħļ󣡡
˵գ˦һö壺ǸҲˡ
һƽ½ȥ


64 
һ˫ۿʼͨ, 룺Ҫħʦ¶ҺãҲħɡ
ԽȻò֪뷨Ҫ֪, 
ħ, ǿ, Ҫвʳͬ뷨
ЩǳԽȻ̲˵ġ
ڿз, 紵졣
һûڳԽȻ˫ֽסԽȻĲ
ܵ, ǰûоѵʱҲй
ںҵġһ֣Ҫں, ͷħˡ
ԽȻǣ֪Ͳ˵Щ̼ˡҪͬϾϵҲҲӦÿǵ, ܲô̼
ԽȻûڵʱ, һųԽȻѵõᡣ
ҪʦһֱҾͺˣԸȥҪԵ, һ飬ҶϾϵʦܣԸħȥ
ܴ½ƽ½Ҫһʱ
Ĭһ󣬳ԽȻƵôϲ, ϲ˵ҲУ

һ˵Ϊһ, Ȼս, ڻ᲻Ϊ߻ħ, Ǿ˵ˡ
֮Ի߻ħ, Ϊǰ˲ʦܱˣΪǧǰ˷ֵԷҲûҪԼϾϵȴΪǿʦܽ/϶޷ϵ϶
ҪǺǿ/㣬ǿ/һ˰죬ֻһĽǧҪҶϾϵҽܲˡ
ƣԽȻɫ࣬ŲҪǿ/ȥһ˺
һɻߣԷ߻ħƣʻضˡ
ӵĻ𣬲֪˭/й
ֻܹŪˣҪѪҪ˼棬Ʒʳȸ¥Ҳһǡ
ᱧ߻ħһǰƽ½£Դסæ赼
һжΪùӦһ
ҪҪҶϾϵҾֱħȥˡһв
ԽȻԣò᣺˵һ˵Ҿ
졣һʵÿ˵һ仰񱻷ı̴ؿһ飬̲ס˵ʹʦ˵Ļ²ࡣ
ұˣԽȻ
㵱˵ͬûХͬÿʵ𣿡һĺĺ
ԽȻѡ񲻻ش
ХȻһǱǿȵģǺҲУ漸Ρ
ʦ˱µĸоϵõ㣬Ҳʹ֡
㲻˵Ҿ͵㵱ƭңʵͬáһ͵Ц
㻹Ǳ˵ˡԽȻѵһ˵һѪζ
û취ˣһſڣѪҪӿһ֪ʦܰ࣬ϲŵζⲻġ
ͱ졣ǳԽȻҪһˣ֪˵ʹޱȣûΪԼ룬ưܲͱˡ
һĵ𲻸еۡ
ʦڹң֮ǰ˵ҪҶϾϵĻȻֻ
뵽һþգŭԽȻ㰲ڶԷС
ʦܵźů
һʹҪ߻ħҲֹ档
Ҫһ֪ɽʦǸöãҾͲΪХ߳ŭҲХһԴʦܡ
һʼ̣˼Լ֮ǰЩ´ˣôúһ壬³塣
ʦܱХԴǴʱҲӦ£ҲԴʦܣӦðȻͼ֮
һȻ뵽һȥˣҪͼ֮
֮ʦܶҵкøС
һ˼Ѫֱ
÷Ѫ󣬿ڣҹ峤Ͻǧ壬ˣЩ˵Ҳûдյġ
£ԼúܺãӦûᲩóԽȻĻġ
ԽȻȻȥǼôģûһ졣
Դסֽ˿ȫȡĿǰҲ˿ӵ˭֪𣿡
ԽȻȻ֪ӵڶûΪɻңԼɱĹչֳ֪ղԶ
ǳԽȻԸش⣬ղԶǧĽ飬Էܻ̫
Ҫʵ˿ղԶµղԶҪųˣȻղԶڵ϶Ҳ
ʹ׻˵ѡСȵɽղԶͬ⡣һԹԽţʱղԶʶ̽СȵɽʲôûС
ԽȻ룺Ϊ˿һ̽󷨡
׻סСȵɽʱǰǰ䣬˿ﻹ½½ȥΪ׻ùҩˮųɣô־Ӧֱӽ׻Ѩ塣
˵ĿѾȷˡ
ԽȻ³֣ղԶ
ղԶһһԣŨѪζ
ѾˣңǸȥ屨˳𡣡ԽȻһ̫ࡣ
ϧ̫磬㵱Ӧɱ֮ǰ˿ӵ¡һ֪ԽȻôɱղԶԸ¶ղԶС
ǡԽȻͷԸ˵Ļ
û˼һʦᣬæ͡
֪ԽȻУ㲻ˡ
仰һͷ΢ʦ˽Ϊˣ֪뷨ôܲͨأ
һȴͬҪɱ㣬ҾĲǣ
ԽȻû˵룺ûܾȻɽסյʦܣħսһ˲ϣʦܡ
һ뵽һһ˲ϣԼ˺ԼԽȻոһģ˲ֱӲޱȡ
ҲĶ飬ֻĻ˵档ԽȻһβӡ
һҪ򶯳ԽȻʧܡ
ʱڵʼҵߣͣײ

һʹڳԽȻĻУҲ˵
ôˣⷴΪ˳ԽȻע⣬˵
˵˵
ԽȻ״һһһָסԷ󾱣̽顣
ⲻ̽黹ãһ̽飬ֶԷڲһ̵ʱڣķѡ
ô
ԽȻæסһʲôԸ˵鿴ܲܰʵ֣ٳڱ֮ˡ
һ⻰ʹѰҲҪˡ
ϣһֱߡ
ⲻܣԽȻЩ֪룬ӦһʹöԷѵٶȱܴӦ
ԽȻ˵ĸ֣һѵٶȼӾˡ
鼱֮£ֻһҿ㵽ħһ̡
仰һЧ׿ȻȻٽѡ
һ̣ԽȻ֪Ƕôʹ̣ٹ죬ܼԴסˣа취ħ


65 
šһʹ˵, ֻһʾ˳ԽȻĻ
ʱһû˵
ԽȻ֪һ۵ʲô̶, ֻ֪Ѳһ̵ġ
˾ҹʱ䷭Խľѩ, ԽȻһʱڼ, ûô, ʦֵֻһ㡣
˵ھѩɽۣ֮ӭӵĲǻ۶, ǻԴס֡
ԽȻȣԼȻܹס֣Ƚһһ˵˳
Դס, ʦһŲ߻ħļһϵ, ܰæ𣿡
Ŀ
ԽȻ˵, ٹȥҹˣܾʲô̶, ԴסҲұ֤
̤ߵɽۣ֮ȻŻԴסߵסֵ
ǰ˰Žľúܸߣڱ, һƬҰž
ԽȻһڴϣԴס־ֱڴ, һ
ܲãԴסʮ, ʩǴڵΪ, Ļһ󾳽, ˵ľӦȶ߻ħļҲأôħֻһ֮أ
ԽȻֻ֪һ߻ħ߻ħʲô̶ȣҲ
Դסôһ˵֪жء
ҿǸϵˣһʱʩҪħˡԴסݡ
ûáԽȻԣҲǲеҡ
ʩ򣬰޸ѵʩһԾԴͷҲص
ԽȻͷһԵϡ
ȻӦһԷħһ̣ôͲʳԡ
Դһʼסһ֣ЧѺ󣬱ֱסһĺ󾱣Ӻ
עʱ⵽һľҷһҪ߳Դסһ󾳽磬ܿ콫Դסֵˡ
Դס֣˼
ôˣԽȻеʵ
Դ˷ɣһʱ˵ΣŻش𣺡ʩųҵ޷Ϊ赼
ôԽȻе˼顣
Դסֵһһǳºͣûʿֿº͵עڣǶԷǹġ
һ³ԽȻˣʱˣ㻹ʲôɻԴסֵ
ҡûСһּѵؼ֡
һֹԽȻԴסҲܾȡ
Ϊ˶ΪһǹųԴסֵȴ֪һڵԶų⡣
ôᣬûƭҰɣҹҵһֱڣ̽ôûų⣿ԽȻɵ
֪һ϶ؿڣÿ˵һ־ͣٺܾá
ʩųԴסֻͷԽȻ
ԽȻͷǵģ;ҹһֱϵ˵ǽޣǳǿӦûų⣬ûų⣬֪Ϊηųôº͵
һ¡Դס
ʲô£ԽȻ˫ֶذ˫ϥϣñͦҶȻ֪޲ԣ޲
ʩ߻ħǷأԴסĿ⾼ƺһС
ǡԽȻ˼˵˹ֵĻ˵Ͼʦͽϵ
ǾͶˡ廹ϵˣʩ赼޸ҪʩһˡԴס
ô룿ԽȻЩãȻɲҽûȻӿһ߻ħٶȡ
ԼҵסҵСԴס˵Լİ취
ʱ䲻ˡԽȻͷԴסȻ֪ɲУҲֻһԡ
˵գӰᵽԴסԣסԷ֣Էڡ
ԴסֽԽȻһĺ󾱣ȻԼڳԽȻ֮ڡ
һȻһڣûٱų⡣
˶û˵ؽһߡ
Ŀǰ޸ѵҪǣһҵߡ
ѶȺܴΪһһࡣУıݲŲƫҪѵ赼ߣֱȵ컹ѡ
ȻһһʼųԽȻĻԴסһʱ󣬿ʼƫ
˶ģԸ⽫ȵ컹ѵɡ
ÿһƫǾҪͷʼһÿһεߵøԶ
ܹ˳һѾһȥˡ
һ䣬һʹ޷ڣѵʹҪϳԽȻͻԴס˽ƣߡ
С࡭á
ʱһ꣬ٴ
һÿ˵һ֣񵱳ղԶһǹһʹÿ˵һ֣Ҫͣٺܾá
Ҫʮ꣬ءеߡԴסְοʮǶԡգһӼˣʩٰһ
ղ˵ĸ֣ѾľһоҲ˵Ļ
˵ôʮֱ꣬ɱʹ졣
һ˲ȥˡ
ԡԽȻûаοһֻ˵һ֡
һȴһе·ٰʮꡣ
һѵ죬˵һá֣վû˵
룺ʹʹɣʹʱʦܲ˵ػҲҶȥ
֣ȴЦûС
Ҳֻôһ˲ʣµʱ䣬ʹ޷˼
ֹ꣬ԴסֶԳԽȻʩѾ߰Ȧˣħļôûм᣿
Ľỹûн⿪ɡԽȻ鸴ӣΪ֪ʦֵĽ
һ仰ͽ⿪ʦֵĽᣬöԷ߻ħ޷ԭ£Լǵ
޷⿪ʩĽᣬôֻʣһ취ˡԴס̾һ
ʲô취ԽȻбİ취ӲԸԭһˡ
ǰһĴܣͲ߻ħ󱻵ʱסִɽȵףɽĹȵ׵ˮӵľƳħԴסֻ
Ǿ͵һ޸ãߣɽȵףˮưɡԽȻ취һ
ڴ֮ǰðһ𣿡
Դס֪һ͡ɽʦͽ֮ǰɽ˵һ߻ħΪ˵ҩϾʦͽϵʦͽ֮һв·ºѵ͡
ڡɽҲƺһΪʦ𣬶ֱ£ûдӡɽĨ
֪ǣܷáɽĵ׵Ĳ죬ֱӽһħ
סʡԽȻܺ棬ʲôûԴס˵ð֡


66 
ĸʩ, ʩǶʲôҪϾʦͽϵԴסַģһ˽, ֻΪ˾ˡ
⡭ԽȻܲ˵, һǿ/һһҹɣôڡ
ԽȻʼ, Լֻ˵, û˵֪޲ԣ޲
ʩΪ𣿡Դĺ֪, »ûתء
ԽȻⲻ֪
ӷ𡣡ԴסȻ˳ԽȻΪѣΪ˾һò׷, ʩģľؿƿ
ԽȻΣŻԴסΪ˵, Բ˵
Դס, ıˣ𣿡
áԴסֶɽô˵, Ȼ֪޷ӶԷ֪һǰ¡˫еһԸ𣬵ȻҲͲ᲻ʶһһ⣬˵
Դס룺Ȼʩ£ȻʩôϾʦͽϵĻأʩĴ, ʩϾʦͽϵʩҲ߻ħ
, ԴɵпǷ޺, , Ҳ, ûдìܷ
ڸпʱȫ¶ħļλõɮ
ʱ򣬲˵ԼҪġ
ȻҲͲôԹŮˡ
ԴסּȻ޷ӡɽֻ֣һһһȡ²ߣҲǽһƺú󣬴ɽȵס
˼һߡ
ˣȥ
ʮһһˣ
ʣµľ޸ѵ
޸ֻһ޷ʩҵ취ˡԴסֵּ
鷳סԿԽȻ˵סֵһʮ֮ãѾٿˡ
һԴסҡҡͷһԡ
ԽȻɿԴסֵ֣ջԼ
Դסһʮ֮꣬һν
ЩãʩϢһ졣
áԽȻͷ
һ죬ʩɷһ֮
Դסֲμ˳ԽȻ֪ɽֻڵĵӣɶԷڶ̶һڣ͵ִ˺ԲΪһĺһ£Էġ
ȻԡԽȻˬӦǫҲû꣬Ȳסǧ꣬»Ҫסֵ㲦ҡ
ʩǫˡԴסֲ㱻ҭסԷͶǧ꣬ѵ츳׿
ʩʱûƿԴסѾƿǧˡ
ԽȻϸ⡣
ǰûƿڣ˵׾ͽˣӷڣҲһǧҡ
һһʹڽ׵˺ԲҪ״ڣȴƿ
ƿһ˵ﻰ֮ɶƿӦ̫ں˵Ŀûܹ
ЩԻԴסֵƿ֪ҵƿʲôҴһ£Ӧþܽ״ˡ
Դסıҭסˣ˵
ôҲ̫˰ɣ
ôõʦᣬԴסֲܷŹ̬ʣʩڶ̶һڣڽ׵Բأ
֪˼ǧԲͣһǧꡣ
ڡɽ׾ͺԷ·һ򵥡
΢΢Щʡ
Ͼǵõɮ̬һ
Դס룺֮ҪãһѣӦҵ²ǣ
ԽȻǵһαʵΪν˿ˣģ𰸻ش𣺡Ϊҳ˼ʮ
ʮꣿԴס־ˡ
ĵرǧ꣬ѱҵĶѾϻ¢ˣɽô
֪һпܰһڵʿס
ûԽȻ΢΢ףʮ̫ɸħƳõģƳɲҪңмǴӻڷжġ
һ뵽Ǵȥʤ½ȡͻڷǿ/һΣԽȻ͸е
ôһ˵뵽ڷˡ
æʵڷʮһǰ֪𣿡
ҲˡԴסʵһǰûߡʮרעΪʩƣûйעµ֪ǷѾȥʩҪ֪ȥʿ強
ˡԽȻӣһ㶼뿴ڷ磬һ뵽Էͷۡ
Ǽ¡ԴסѵлͺԲʿ£ɲ׷Ź
áԽȻȻ֪Լʲô԰Դס֣ˬӦ
ʩ˵ƿֻҪʩӦþͿͻƿɷһ£ʩƿʲôԴסԷƿԼǷơ
ҵƿ̫׷ʱʱ̹̿淶ԼΪԽȻ˼ߵͻƿһ̣Ƕһ˵ǰû˵ػұΪͻƿķʽҪ淶Լоֹ
ԴסһоԷƿƺԼͬҲǱסԼ
ôһԴסֶʱ״̬С
ԽȻû뵽Լļ仰ȻûԴס״̬
ϸһ룬ҲǣԴΪµס֣ɲûҪ淶Ҫ׷
ڻԴסʱ򣬴ϵһһ
ԽȻһԴסǰסһͱӣöԷ
һʹû˹ȥòŵһˬζ
˫ۣĿǳԽȻſ
ʦܡ졣
һʲô˵ԽȻܡ
仰һͷʹոձõֿʼߡ
ʹ
ƣʮ䣬ԽȻˣҲû¡
һ㣬߾ȫץסԽȻ䣬һ£ԽȻŷԾ
ԽȻһʦֵٴˡ
תͷ˿붨ĻԴס֣ĴƻԴסֽ׵ϣŵؽְһϣһ
ʮ꣬͸ŻԴסѧߡ
İһɵزԭŰ˳ظߡ
ԽȻǿһ˳һһһԵ÷/컡
ԽȻרƣûô࣬ڴϵһȴȻ
һȦ󣬳ԽȻ׼֣
һ֪Ҫһ㣬Ųߡ
һʱ䣬ԽȻϵӿһڡ
ԽȻһôߣ㲻ԥϽ֡
׼һóһ˲һ˶˲ԽȻġ


67 
ԽȻæֳ, ֪һǹģеġ
ͬһ֫Ӵ޾̷µȪз, е衣
⣺һħ, Ҿ͵D, Զ, ؽףԺҲ
һݵش˳ԽȻ, ЩҲţһë޷ʹࡣ
ֻнѵ޸, ܼʹࡣ
ܹ޸ĻԴס
Ψһľڴһǣҧ֡
ʹ࣬ǳԽȻ, ҲֻԼ, ˿ûԹԽȻ뷨
ڶԴԽȻֻһ̬ȣϣܹڶԷ, ¶Է
ܲʦܲԼߵʱ̣һҲʦܣ˾񶼿ˡ
Ըѵʹ࣬ҲԸԶʦܣʦߡ
뷨ԽȻ֪, ȻԽȻֻӲӱܶԶ֮
ԽȻƵʮ, Ŀһֱǽ, ʱԸʩһһ, Ҳת˲š
ԽȻ, ʱʱ̿бһ״̬ʦַԴס
Դסһҹ
ҹ˫ֻۣҰ˽⡣
ͻˣҪ״ˣԴסֲţԼһǧ궼ûнףû뵽ɽ˼䣬ͻƿ״ڡ
ԽȻ׹ڣ֪ߵףÿһܽɽ飬ǸϽŻԴסϷɣ꼰޹
ڣǶ̫ɵĻɽ󷨣ѾĴµģµĻɽᲢ۵ġ
ԴסҲ֪Լ׽٣ɡɽϡ
Դסַɵգллʩ㲦Ҳлһ̣ģڻʩصɽⱻۡ
ʲôԵֵ׽ٵķ𣿡ԽȻֻʡ
ĵȺĶ켶ԴסֻشҪֵסߵףҲид˽١
ԽȻߣϽȰʩص¡
ԽȻϵɹ׽١
˵仰ʱ򣬽ϣoһʥַ
ô˵ǶĻԴסҲһ󣺡⡭
ԴסֲǻԴס֣ܿعԼĽѣʩĵ
㵱𣿡ԽȻЦʵ
ԴĬƬ̣ش𣺡
˵֣Ҳû˵߳ԽȻĻ
һʱɢȥ˼䶼ʼ
½Ĵһ⣬֪ͻˣ׷״˭
ʤָֽһ㣺ǻԴѣн澹Ȼûк˵
ϻ½ƽ½
ڤ½ľ̾һ˽״ˣԴǧǰ״ڣҲû˽ף֪˴ν׵λܡ
ܴ½̫ɡ
ŰȪ̧ͷĵνƽ½ƽ½Ҳ¡ۡԺкڵĴܣ»Դסֽ׵ĿܴЩ
νף磬ҲЩʿƽ½𣬴ѹǡ
˵˼ԽȻͻԴסֲ֪ܵǶԽ׽Դ
ܿ죬һ׽
Դסȵֻֿáءһ죬ıԵ촷ۡ
һֱֱĻ壬ûбˡ
ڶ׽ʱֱĶһ
ĵ׽Ҳֵסˣֻãֵܵ׽ٵӡ
׽£Ȼ˿ҲͬԵһΪ촷ۡ
Դסóȡƣó˺
һ׽ϣʱˣŻһѪ
ԽȻ״ͻԴһ𣬵ȴٵĵ׽١
ȵ׽£ԽȻóƹ͵ıעȥ
׽ഥ˲䣬׽ͣ£ûãҲͬԵһ촷ۣ׽
гԽȻһ׽٣гԽȻæֵ׽٣һ£Դסֵж
Դסĳȣֻʣһ׽٣Ҫ͡ɽܹɹ׽٣ͳɹˡ
ֻһױ֮ǰҪ׳Ѹ
ԽȻֻüɫķ۽˸ס׽پˡ
ƹĵ֮Լ᲻ôֻǼԽȻȥľѣһʱ𣬲ŽԽȻ
û뵽ıҲֵ˵ߵ׵ֻһգۣɫɷĩ
ԽȻ״סԴס֡
θߴ󣬽Դڻȫ⡣
һ¿ɺã׽ֱϡ
ڳԽȻڕDһУüӲޱȣܵסߵ׽١
׽ɢȥ󣬳ԽȻؿڣ룺еۡ
΢΢һЦԼɽٵʱ򣬵һ׽پͱȻԴɽٵĵߵ׽ٻ֡
Ͷ̫޾̷壬׽ڻɽϣһ˺ҲûС
֪ԴסҪףӦð˴̫׽ڻɽϣį
Դסֻܵ׽٣ˣΪĵߵ׽ĳԽȻ¾Ҫ䡣
˲ƣæʣʩ㻹ðɣ
𣿡ԽȻãȻͦõģؿеʹҲǺʹ
ԴסԣַڳԽȻؿڣ̽顣
ⲻ̽黹ãһ̽ûԴסֵ̬ס
ΪԽȻһ˶ûУ
㡭ǶǿǰԴס̲סп˵ǳԶΪôǻôǿ
ðɡԽȻûԼǿԾֻûǰǿĿǷôͨͨ׽ٶ
ԽȻ˵꣬ע⵽Դסˣȷµһ°ɡ
лʩ
Դڻȥ;жԳԽȻһ٣ԺʩѣҶȻΣ֤ʩȻ
ԽȻЦЦûзϡ
ȻڻԴס־Ǵڳڣһ磬ԴסδĶ֡
ԽȻԺڵľ磬ϴڵʿҲµģֻҪԷȫʢʱڵХȻֹС
һӣ»ص
һΣ˵ˡ
ԴסֱǸ޷Ϊʩ޸ˣȥҵʦܻۿգڳұߵһ
áԽȻϵһҾͲסˡ
Դסֵͷ
ԽȻһұȥߵȾͷš
ڴһ
ԽȻƿţڻ谵ķڣһڿտҲڡ
ͷʮ̣һ䣬˵жÿһƲĿ
ʱۿͷҲ̧ʡ
ԽȻ˵⡣
˷ڵϡۿԼ
ԽȻݣһڻۿǰ


68 
ˡۿ͡
ҲߡԽȻĵؽ, Ҫһħ
ԭһۿֻû˵һ仰Ҳ֪ʲô˼һʲô
û, һԽȻͷ
ҪµĻ, Ҳ, ֻһҪ, 㲻Ҫۿ䵭
ãұ֤ԽȻǳ, ֻҪ˵Ϳһֱ˵
ۿղ˵ֻסһ, 롣
κ³һѪ
ôˣۿճ, 㻹ðɣԽȻе, ǲǱһˣ
ۿճĬԶԡ
ڻۿԵ͵ԴסԵһģһһֻɳԽȻ, ˵ᷴɡ
ѵҪ޸һѵ𣿡ԽȻͷ۵Ҹҽ֪Ҫô޸ѵ
ۿϢһֱϵѪĨȥų
ԡԽȻҲ, ʵ
㰴˵ۿƽ
ҪԽƣһԽءԽȻŪɳ׾
ᡣۿϧ
õ˻ۿյĻش, ԽȻһ, ۿճƵһѺ, Ȼ˵û, Ӧô
ԽȻֱסһĺ󾱣룬ʣҪô
ѰѵƬƬÿһҪԭƬŪ졣ۿϸ
ѵ˳ԽȻ
ȷʵʦкܶƬƬһֲ塣
ʵ˻ۿա
ۿֻްҵһƬѵϣ޷޸һ
áԽȻ룬ȻǸʱı취Ҳֻˡ
ҵһƬһͷûЧһƶһһҹȥһƬ
ʱһʮ꣬ڽһȫϡ
ڴ˹Уһʹ𽥼ǰܿ˵
Ҫʦ˵˵ۿǳ⡸졹һ뵽Լڱ˵ĵ̣ҲͲڣʦΪˡ
ʮȥһָҲʮ򣬵Ծ˫ͨ죬ħļûмᡣ
ԽȻһͻۿյ𣺡ۿճˣȥһԴסˡ
ߡۿպͣ·ദһʮ꣬һҲûУԾǵİһ㡣
ԽȻһߵԴסֵǰš
Դסû˵ֱߵǰţ΢Цʩʩλ
ԽȻע⵽Դڻһˣһħļûмᡣ
Դסһ£ʣʩԸΪһ⿪Ľ𣿡
ԽȻϾܾ밴סʮǰ˵һɽȵףɽˮϴħ
ţ
ԴסּԽȻ֣ҲȰֻõͷã
һⷬԻЩĺʮʦܲԭԼΪ
̽ŶԳԽȻ˵˵һ䰮ңԸһӺһҵħˡ
ԽȻķ˻
һ˻лԴסڣ˵ֱµĻԼЩҲס
ԴסҲһʦͽìںδʦФͽܣͽҪʦϾϵ
Դס뵽ڳԽȻϣ˵һɽɳԽȻûˡ
һԴסȫȫˡɽ֮ǰáɽ̫Ӳһ̫ˡ
ԴѣгԽȻһˣѵʯ壬ķһʱ䣬֮ǰߵɽȵס
ȵˮȻ졣
ֻDȵһ㣬ûЕDôļˮٶҲľս
ȣˮħʹ಻ѾĴ̲סʹܿʽòҪԴסֻϣɽܹ
ԽȻȴ˼סֽһȵס
ӷ𡣡Դɽ֣Ҳ֪Լˡ
һʩȥϵķۡ
һԣۺ¶£Щ谭ϴħ
ǾʩˮɡԴס˫ֺʮ
һ̧ۿһ³ԽȻֻԷĿбӵضŶ԰ĎfңҲ¶İ룺ɫ/ʧˡ
һŷʱ磬ʵѵ·ǳ
ӻԴסֵĻС
ˮոûʹ̲ס˳ʹ
ѣңӿײûкʹ֪ʹʲô̶ȣŻẰ
ԽȻûһŶ԰Ďfңһ۶ʩһ
һžʹͷԽȻֶԷ޶ԣ̲ס룺ұΪԼԾ˿ͷϧվһԸˡ
룺ԿͷҲãİһ㣬ʦܷµУҲûôھΡ
ţˮȥ
ʱ򣬻ԴסָⴥأϽǽħӡšĪϤϤϤסϤ٤ޡȣǲħ䡣
Уɽȼص֮ˡ
dӡԴԴϵ
ħұһס
ħסһ㲻ֻܵڣϴħ
Ϻ̹ǣһˮ׶ɪɪ
ʹʹ
䣡䣡ʦܣܱ𣿡
һʹԵˮˮһ𣬷·ûгֹһ
ԽȻʿȻˮһĻ֮ĵЦ
ûûбַûбһһ۵òˣһʲôʲô
Щ鶼ˣһֻ
ǿнĵ׵ϧѹȥԼһϧ֮顣
ţٹʮꡢʮ꣬һħͻɾʱĳŵ֣ͿԶһȥDȽˡ
ȹһ꣬Դסֵ˻ûȫԼЩסһħ㴫ۿա۶ɽȵҡ
ʱ۶ͻۿձϵȵס
۶ЩȣôҪħˣ
ʶһֹ̽ȵױħס˲ǱˣǴһ
ȣʩôħ
˵˽ٴԴסһ뵽ʦͽ˵ĹϸҲһͷۣϲͬһоؽħЧ
ǣӦһһҵڻԴסߣʼо
˻۶ͻۿյħǿˮ׵һʹʹֶ
һ룺ҲҪˣǲɱңҲʲôʦܡ鰮ˣһ
Ȼˣֻܻ˰ʹ


69 
ԽȻһֱվڰ, һûзˣһ
ţʮ, Դס˵, ʩħѳ
˵仰, ۿͷҲصˡϻ, ˣͱʦֽǿħ, Ҫȥˡ
Ҳǻ̯һ鷳ûһͲᱻ, Ҳˣ˷ʮʱ䡣
ڻ۶ڻԴסֵԣȴһˮ
ɵ, һû
ԽȻü, ʶ̽ȵףȴһ赹ڵء
鷳, ȴˮУȵףһ뿪ˮס
ϰ˸С, ϵˮȥȻٸһ·
·, ͽһʯ, ԻԴסֵлɮ, ¾ȸˡ
ʩߡԴס΢΢, ӵ
ԽȻDȷȥʱڵִ
㣬ҪҪ
˼֮С
һ󣬽ϣ˫ۡ
ҪˣҵøϿϵ̫ɣ̫ɵĻɽ󷨵׽١
ţ̫ɷȥڸڽʧ֮ǰ̫ɡ
ԽԽ̫Ϸ
ʱڻԴסڵĳʤֽпԴں󣬶ʮ꣬û뵽ô˽״ˡ
ӷ𡣡Դסָ˵ʩˡͺ˵ʦʩħȥ׼ס
뵽Դססˡ
ףһ˳ԽȻܻ
ֵԽȻˣҲҪȥæ
׼ȥɫ࣬׼뿪ʵ
ȥ̫ɣʩɽ١Դ֪ͼ
ɽٺʲôϵе⡣
ܽ׶㲦ԴסּæҲ׽£ҵס󼸵׽١
ôǿһҼǵõŸձһΪͽһ꣬ô㲦㣬ֵ׽٣
ҴӲ˵ѡԴסֵ
ڻԴס󣬱ģ뿪ƽ½ܴ½̫ɶȥ
·;ϣó̿ʼ㡣
һֵô£ɽ֮;㲻ֻҪĻҪ١
ӷ𡣡Դס֣뵽һԡɽĲ֮ʱһ
ɽǸڶ̶̼ʮڣʹڽڣٶȼֱ˼顣һ²⣬˵᲻ᱻĸܶˣ
⡭ԴסҲ˵ֻѵ²⾹Ȼмֵ
㣬Ǿ͸ϲ֤׽ˡߴٵ
ص̫ɵĳԽȻеİΪ̫ɵĻɽ̫ˡ
ûİã鷳ˡ
ɽҾ֪ɽٵʱһԶ
ԽȻʱüһ·ʱֻ̫ɡ
ŶͷȻ㲻Ǿԭذɡ
ʱһǰɽֱһ꣬ûң
ߡԽȻЦһһֻ˼ˣ˵˺һ
ҽ˵´úܺáһʦܵע⡣
޹ءԽȻ뿪ˣƽ£һ߾ȫȥȥҲƽĿǰҪľǷԶ硣
һҭһ£û뵽ǰʦȤҲû취Էע⡣
ֻ㬵ɽٺ󣬾̫ɰɣ棬㹻
أ㡣ԽȻĮؾܾ
һʹԺ
ʱͬ
˫ɽׯȻݼ
ϻڻڷݼ
ɸݼ
»Դݼ
ʤݼ
һȻ͡ڷ硹־ͷ󣬸ܾ̫ŰȪ
Զֺ
⼸˵õ˰Ȫ׷׽뻤ɽ֮ڣųԽȻ
ԽȻ¸ͷۣһһ͹ܵˣټһڷ磬Ҫ
⼸ԲͬĵطԽȻԶͬ˵̫ɽبܴ½⼸ԽȻҲȺ
ȵִԽȻߵȻ
þòȻԼĵȣڵ
þòԽȻ֪ȻϲԼֻѶԷѣǵͷʺ
һԵһԽȻԸȻ̬ȻܺãԼͰд׺ڡ
û뵽Źȥʮ꣬ͽ״ˣϲɺءȻĳףء
лԽȻЦЦ
һһԳζصôͲܶҲЦһЦ
ԽȻԣЦ⣬һ
ɵһʱһߵǰٱԣһߡ
˷飬ԽȻ˵ֻֿǲһĿȻϡ
ȻԽȻԴһ̬ȣаˬϲ¶ֺ׽ʱ̫ɵĻɽ󷨿Եֵ
ʹˣԽȻɽ٣׸ûɽһ졣
ûԽȻȻЦЦ㵹֪
ҴˡȻ΢ЦŻش𣬡ǴԲͻƶɽڵļ󣬵ʱɽڵ׽٣Ҿ׼̫ɡ
ԡԽȻȻͷӦ
ԣһһھܾ޲Ȼ׽
ǡԽȻЦһ̫ɵŻһɣ˵˲㡣
ʱŰȪҲԽȻԡ
˵ĶԻпЦʵң̫һһá˵ԣ˵ԡ
û̫ãԴסҲִ˳ԽȻԣʺãʩ
Դס֣ԽȻ
Ľʩҵ׽ٵĶ飬׽ͬһԴסֻ֪̫ɻɽܹ׽ٵ£һҪ
лʦԽȻûнֻͣŽʧ
ʧһ˲䣬ڷ͸Ҳ˳ԽȻߡ
ڷ粻ܲ˵ǰҪסԽȻ֡
ԽȻһƿɫ䵭ٽһ𣿡
ڷ粻Ϊ⣺Ҫʱ䣬ֻҪˡ
˵꣬ȥ뱧ԽȻ
βȳԽȻȻͼľһڻڷϻһӡ
ڷ޺޵ضȻ֪û˰̵ȻĶ֣ûжֻ֣վԭء
ԽȻһȻл
֮䣬лȻڷ飬һڷһģɱ˶Է
ֻڻڷһӣѾ̵úˡ
˵䣬ɫȻһɷ̬ơ
׻û˼½ϡ


70 
һ׾޴ޱ, ûԴסľսôҵһ׻
µʱ򣬻ɽ󷨾Ǹεϣ˸į
⡭ԴסĿɿڴ, ⡭ôֵ, ɽҲֵܵ
һȻ, ɽѾĴڷǰµġ
ԴסҲ˵, ̫ɷһԵ£޾̷, Ժͳ˳
޾̷˲ǽôҲôͨ
Դסתͷ˿ԼĺԷһʦ
ֻĿݵؿεϣ棺Ҫܲó, ҲĿˡ츳ĺҪԲ߳Ҳͨ
˵, ڶҲ, ɼޱȡ
ȵ׼ʱ򣬸ߵ˳ԽȻߡ
û뵽ô, ϾҪˡоŷƵġɽ鸴ӡ
Դʮǰɽ֮󣬼֤˶Է̶ʮգʹڽ׵ڣͲ˻ɡ
ܶԷǳ˶, Žô죬ǲš
̫ɴ, Ҫ, һ, ɸ
ɽпܱ˶, ˾˭ĵһ²⡣
ΪɽǳԽȻתԭɽѾˣԽȻʬ꣡
²ڴ˾񣬲ήҲ
ѰԽȻټȴûҵ
ֱ졣
ֱǳϣ̫ɾڡ
֪ǳԽȻӺԲ׵˴ڳڡ
Ӳɸ
ټԷΣΪȻϣԷȥòؾѰͻƺԲķ
ΣϲΪԷţûȥ
ԽȻ˲ӬһüԸ⿴Է
һʹϴҪסǣҲԣصǰɣԺúõдǡ
ءԽȻܾ
ԽȻἰϴμľԷ˵˵ϣ
㣬һ㣬ܽܡ
ڷ硢һƳɡׯҪټǡ
ХӦټ棬ҲٿԷ
ħУֻȻǿѣΪȻףΪǹ֡
𰸣һʻõĸеܲˣΪԽȻǰӦ̬ת֮죬Ӧ
׽꣬Ȼɽ󷨻ǼȴԼһء
þö˵ڷ״֪һС
ڷ罫ײЦŶԳԽȻ˵Һϻ˫ްɣұ֤ɡ
ӷ𡣡Դסͷһô˵Ļ̲ס룬ڷƤжѵɽԲ˵
ڷǧصȴжñҪӲԽȻӲȴ
Ҫ˵һȴһ̬䣬̫ڣϳȥͽԶ㡣
ǡڷЦһûмǴĻֻ̫޾̷ķ˪İȪţܾҵȥɡ
ͲţȪΪУϻΪС
һƳ˰ȪһۣʣţĽأ
ȪЦһȫշġ
ڷܻ㣡
ʲôһ΢Цʡ
֪㿴Ҳ˳ˣΪҺʦ˫޹Σÿһζһ´ף㼵ʵÿҪǲǣڷ絹һ˵˳
αԽȻһϻڣҲ۰Ͱ͸ţںϻվһ¡ʱʲôζ϶ܰɣ
ˣԽȻȥˣЩԻ˵ҪǿһİڻԴסֳǰ
ǰڷǰֵùɣʦ˵ڷΪЫĳҲûţʦ˵öԡ
˵ײ׼
ҲڷãƫҪ˵ԽȻϲ޳ˣǳöˮǵģ
˵һԡһϹ΢Ц˵Ļȴв
˵Ҫôڷ绹Ǻʶģһ̫ɵĵ̣ҪһҪɱӲ
˵ҾŽɽ֮⣬þ㡣һ˵⻰ʱôͣںһ㡣
ҪԽȻü
ʲôһԼˡ
¸ˣҪԽȻȻỶڷ磬ûᵽҪԷĵز
áһ̬ǣԽȻ˵ʲôʲô˳ԽȻԶĻ֮⣬
ģѾס
׻û֮ǰԽȻ뿪̫ɣֻúȻ졣
ͣڴԲˣ
Ȼʵش𣺡һǧʮꡣ
˵ؾжʮҪˣ㵽ʱȥؾУ˵ҵͻƵĻᡣԽȻ
áȻԽȻΪ룬һ𣬹Ȼͼ֮ȷķʽ֮ܲ
İһڷ͸ЩȻǰɹף֪ԽȻӲϲ˾ݡ
ȻʱãԼԽȻֱʮҲǲֵá
һԣԽȻȻȥؾ̽ѰͻƵķһҵ
ڣؾĿԳԽȻΪ۵ģѵҪԼΪĽ棬ڳԽȻ֮ϣ
ԽȻԣֻû
˭Ҫؾϣãô˵ôûʵĻ
ԽȻĮ㲻ȥǣôҪȥҪ飬϶ϣܰ˽棬ôͲȥؾѰͻƣ
ԶԣֻԼպˡ
ΪԽȻԣ˴ˡ
ֻڨڨ˵ҾĻеؾһһؾġ
𡣡ԽȻܾǸи··죬һߣһ𡣡
ԽȻĻûϰߣԽԽʹ
ʼںޣԼΪʲôϣԽȻôˣΪʲôҪ߶ԷôˣȫԷϡ
Ը񣬸˵ѻ
ȻӻҲܺһ𣿡
ˣԼһ徻ؾȫԷֿ¡ԽȻҲܾȻ
ǲ𣿡ȻģһΣԽȻǾܾͲʡ
ҲһԽȻ𰸡
˵öԡȻͷг̾һ
ʱһûͻƻɽ󷨵ı
ԽȻԼȻɹ׽٣˵׽ѹȥλҪҡ
˵꣬Ϸȥ
ڷ統ȻڳԽȻ׷ţΪԽȻۼԽȻԽԽԶ


71 
ԽȻD, Ȼڷϲһܸ
һʱĮȥ
Ҳ, һ΢Ц, ѾܹܳԽȻĮ, ҪһͬȥС
ǡԽȻЦһ, ɱڵݡ
ʲôݣһװ׳ԽȻĻ
ڿ˵Ҫ, άĺгԽȻƵ
һһħ壬㻹ǵûƳڴٽгרŽѵ, Լ׽塣
ԽȻһƳɡ֣żԼͻƳиԼ
˵, һǧ, ǽȱץס壬Ǳ岶׽, ҾԸټһ档
ԭƳ仰ȥˣҪһǧ¡
ԽȻ룺Ҳ֪ɼˡ
Щһ֪ڻƳɵϢ𣿡
Ҫ֪Ƴɵ˼˵, ҪһǧóȥԷ
Ƴÿһ, ͻ, Ѿʮ߼˵¡һԽȻ˵, Լ֪Ϥ˵˳
ԽȻһ, ԷĿ껹İٶ£Ҫܶʱ䣬ʱ㹻Ӵڳڽ׵Բˡ
ԲСߵΪֻҪΪûܴù
ֻȱһѱеıںʱƹģԶûǰı
һ뵽ǰѱ;Ӧ
ԽȻһ˦ҲɶԷԼ˕DȣԷDŰˢҲܡ
ϣһܹDȵȰˡ
ȻСһ
ִDʱһЩ⣺㲻ȥ֮ϵ׼ڕD
ԽȻûֱӳӳ˴罣
һ˸ֲڵ״̬ȫӭӡ
ڕD
һӭӳԽȻĽкǳȻΪȳԽȻߡ
˺ڣԽȻ׵ԲʱһǵֵһС
ԽȻڼ䣬һĽҲ˺ܴĽ
û뵽ܰԽȻΪڕD£һֲġ
ֻҪڣҾܼһǰһҪָԽȻ
ԽȻһѴһ֡
һ³֣ʦܡ
ԽȻһ㣡
Ϊһתܣתһ룬ԷܰԼˡ
˴ԲѾԼˣǶһ˵ûҾʦܣʲô
֪һԽȻڿϳԼݣЩϲ
֪³ԽȻĸеˣʲôʱ֪ġ
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ֵܣþò
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ס
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лллм뿪
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ûҵıħʶֻҪͬһ˲ϣǰѽͲᶯҾǱǺġԽȻ˵ԼĵѾõĻ
ôᣡ
⻰ƳɻûʲôӦһԵһȴ׻
ôᣡһţֻһ룬ûҪʦܣ
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ҪƳԽܣò׼ԼĳԽȻԷҪô뿪
ԽȻǣֻټ
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һͷʹϡ
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ҲɽҾǳԽȻ
ʲô
ȻӦΧħʮֲ졣


72 
𾪵ľɽ繲ׯ, ϴԽȻʱԽȻ˵ɽǳԽȻ
ҲͳԽȻǿ, Ҳʦ, 㵱, ɽɽ, ԶҲǳԽȻ
ׯϸ룬ԽȻں˵ʱ, ǹһĨЦ
ѵǰǳԽȻ
ܡׯԽȻѾˣôɽϸ
ͬһ𾪵˻ࡣ
˵ǳ, ɽƾʲô㣿
Ļɢ, ôţ
ɽǲҪͷⲻǳеġ
Ȼ, ꣬˲Ծĵط
е, Ȼܽô졣ľ磬Ǻˡ
ԣô죬Ǵתʲôԭ򣿡
ԽȻЩ, ֻ˵Լ֪£ҵͣͺΪһ˲, ħɽ, ʱɽǡɱͬɱ
ׯԼ˳ԽȻ, 졣
Хվ˳ʲô֤֤ǳԽȻ
Ȼô˵, Ѿ˰˷֡
Ϊ˳ԽȻھΣΪԽȻֹһηϵе
ԽȻԣߵׯǰҵıأ
ׯڱУþòŷӦԽȻıʣҪԽȻıʲô
֤ҾǳԽȻ
ׯĬãڽ˹ȥ
ԽȻӹע
ʮɳıʱɢҫ۵Ĺâ
ѱֻãҾǳԽȻ˰ɣ
㣬ǡׯǵͨ죬ϴμʱԳԽȻԼļɶԷֻǼЦ
һ뵽ԽȻԼׯʹ޷·˶
ԽȻߵٵĵط¡
һȴը˹
ǳ𣡡
˷׷׸п𻹻̫ˣֿʼǴԽȻħ
ǸտʼͱХϡ
˵һǲҾǺ˳ԽȻ񲻻ǻúúõģ
⡭⡭ɲô˵˴򲻹ХµԴ
ȻʵΪʲôñ˵Ȼ̬ȴ󷽣Ϊ֪ԽȻħֻԽȻԭˡ
Ȼ˵߲мƳХһۣһڷԽȻԼҲȥ
ܿ죬ԽȻ֣ѡһƧ䣬ħ
룬ٻһطҲԾͲ˫ۡ
ʱХȻǲҴܣһ㿿̫˵İӮңһΣһҽ£
ȻХֻͳԽȻضһ
ХȴԸóóȻȥ
ͣܲܲҪǰܣԽȻ˫ۣĸͷۡ
֮ǰ֪ХԼХһЩøУЩøжȻ޴棬ֻöԷ롣
УХڨڨ֣ͣá
ϲԽȻϲԸԷĳ̶ȡ
ڷԼô࣬ҪгԴףʲôǶûԽȻùֻġ
˭˵ģХؿڣҴսٻغϣǿ/УɲڵСܱȵġ
죡ԽȻŭ
ȻһʼХǿҲУǶζʱ⡣
úúã˵㡣ХҲѧųԽȻӣ¡
ڷ֪ԽȻХҲùԼΨһҲûˣʱЩήҲ񣬵ܿʰ飬
ҹܿȥؾǰһܿѩŰ
˶ؾ֮С
˶ɢһ硣
ԽȻһħ򱻷ͬһ硣
ǻصһǰ̫ɡ
ʱ̫ɻԺǿһ̱ĺں¥һ¥˴к
żҲͦ˼ġ
һͻȻڳԽȻ󣬳ԽȻͷʶ̽⣬ȴûзˡ
ףȻˡ
˵˺ܿڳԽȻǰ˾֮ߣǳԽȻġ
ԺܿһˣҲȳԽȻ߳ࡣ
ָһ㣬ЦЦԭԽȻ׿񡣡
ԽȻǰǳԽȻ׿˭
˽ͣ׿Сֵ֮ⷢһλ꣬Ϊ̫ǿ޷С磬Ҿͽ߷ݣҷ硣
ԽȻһǲ⣺ǰ㽫׿߷ݣ
Ǻħ˻Цıҽ׿ʶɾðѽ
ԽȻһԭħһˣѹǻͬһ˲ͬһ뷨
ԽȻݹȥǰ˭
ЦҽԣҲ̫޾̷ˣʦͬš
ԽȻ룬Ȼˡ
ˣһֱ޷׶ɽڣΪ׿٣ǷҪҰ˶٣˵
лǰԽȻӻԵݹı
Ҫħںϳһˣʲô𣿡⻰ʱЦУһֻꡣ
Ȼʻȴѹסħ޷ڡ
Ȼǲ˵Ҿ͵ͬˡ
˵꣬ọֲ́¡
ֻվڳԽȻԵħʼ£һʼںϣΪһòѹģ
쿪ʼ
ħΪһʱֱӽ׵˶ɽԲŵ׼
ҿ԰㵲סǷԽȻģҪԼ塣Ц˵ˣֻһܹҪôɱ˳ԽȻҪôԽȻɱ㡣
ԽȻԣĵֻܺȻХսƽħΪһôù
Գ㻹ڵʲô֣
ԽȻԣ׿ȥ
õǴ罣һУﳯʥ
׿ȻûӦߵ
ȻȳԽȻһ󾳽磬ԳԽȻʱȴ֧穡
ԽȻԼʽԽ
׿ڵļ겻
ܴùԽȻ
ܴԽȻ֮ǰھ
𽥵أߵ걾ĸԽԽģʼΪһ壬ҲܸϳԽȻĽˡ
һʱ׿ڵߵΪһ塣
ʱӳԽȻҲԽԽ򵥣ԤϵԽȻһС
ԽȻΪԼûϣʱĽȴ׿ţԷһ̴
׿סԽȻĽڰ/Ƿģһˡ
˵գڵϣ˫ۡ
Ȼɱ׿ĳԽȻɹ׶ɽڡ
ŵ׶Եס
Ի˻䣬ԽȻؾȥDȺúڱܷ
䣬ԽȻӰʧ
˳ſڣô׿ȥ
ƤЦҪ߷ݣɢ߸ͬС硣ԽȻ󣬵С棬һټ׿ķֻꡣ
˵գ׿ȡһǿ꣬߷ݣͳ˳һ뿪С硣
ʮһD֮ϡ
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