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置˵İ¹
ߣϴ·
İ
л󣬴һУ԰ĵڻҡ
Ϊǹܵĸ߻ڡ
ǹ½ţѧ᳤ȣʵĻ
Ǽ߮ͼ첿Ͻɣ飬ǳĸ֮
ԭǹܸתѧУ
Ϊһѧڡ
һȺУѧл置ΡŰ볤ϻɫĲʻ棬˿ݡ
һѧУͱĿ
ͼ첿߮Ϊصע
Ϊѧ֮ŵۻ⡣
ֵѧлߵݣ
Ǿ置¹ơ
ÿζ۾Ƕһֱƻ󵽵ĸо
֪УĿϣǿУҰ˫衢¶лʱֱ֤ʵ
ԴˣлһٳΪѧУĥİ¹⡣
置ùƻġĻ⣬ҲˢУ԰̳
л߶Դ˲ûʲôν
ԸţᱻӰ죬ء
ѧУҲҰദͶԵ
Ұԭж½Ǳֵܹϵ
Ϊڡ
Ʒѧŵı粻ͬҰӲ·Ұ
ӿβ˵קְ
л߾ãԭŵòһҰΪСȫϸġ
һѧڽ֮
׼置лߣֻϵ㲻ҰдŸСֽ


ڼկúúõлߣû뵽ĸͬѧһһ置
СҰ
ţկﵱ̵֧ԭܼ߮
һֲҩоԭ鹥½š
л߷֣˵ĵԭĸϷôȫתϣ
߮Ұ
½ţҲ
лߣңû
߮/½ָҰأ
лߣһ
ҰҲһ
лߣС
ҰС
ps1ԣ置ˣмŮװ
ps2cpҰҰԭûϷ
ps3ԭ鹥֮йϵл߶ǵ
ps4ǰУ԰󲿷置
죬˽࣬ʵ򳣹У԰ʵ򳣹壡
趨ȽΪ񣬲Եʵ(ص)
ps5ķȣòд࣬ϸڿأĲظ֪
ݱǩ ǿǿ   У԰
ؼ֣ǣлߣҰ  ǣ߮½šżݡաְ  У԰置ԣ飬
һ仰飺Ǹ置óƻ
⣺Գ֮Ťת֣ðж


1 
ҹɫʡ
¹£ֵԵ·ڳһƬɫĹΡ
·ϣһɫɳ۶
лڳ봹ۣɢɢеС
Сʮ׳ɰЩ΢Ķԡл置ġѱļ˺ߡ
ɫСƺ˵ĸŪ
˿һͷлߵָ⣬һ߽л߰׶ϡ
С߷ڿͨںӾںꡣ
괩置ΣϻֵĲʻ档
ڱĵƹֵϣֱͦı·һ㵭Ӱ
֡
ͨ޺С׵ƤγĶԱȡ
ϸݵġ΢΢壬ڹ֮䣬ĵָ޳ֹǸСÿһ΢΢͹Ĺǽڣ޲͸һ־¡
ʱСͻȻſ죬ƵúסԲָ⡣
һ룬ɺţǼС֮³ָ¶
š
׵覵ָ⡣
ῴһĻĪģ;Ļм΢ɫ
ҡҡͷϽֹ뷨Ժ޳ں꣺СȣǿѧգҪ𡣡
лԣ̧̧Ƥһ
лԹԵģûסѵȻܸУͨˣǿһУǲܴЩСѧ
֪ˡ
оǣѧУϿεʱҪ˯
áлӦһ
ͬѧ֮ҪѺѧ
ỹ˵ȥҪлߣסһ˿ŵĲ̧ͣƯ۾ɨúӾŮӣ΢΢ţ˵㣬Æѽ
ʮֺŽ㣬͸һֶá
ǱԹƵĻȴΪϳ΢΢β˾Ž
Ǽлݵġ
Դ˿̣˫Ư۾ŵʱȥϵĲʻ棬ù֮࣬ȻƷ˼صұС
ͺץ
Ҫǣ㣡
˭ס
Щ΢΢ķ̡
ôһ˲䣬Լ置ƻˡ
̫ûˣ
ҷʡԼЩʲôûȻһʮŪˡ
뵽⣬һ£ͬʱϵעջأרĿ
лߣִŪϵС
ʮ֮
ųᣬһҩſͣ
ԸҪСȱһЩ޽ˮѪǵҩڳΪ֮ǰҽѧԺҵģСȵҲȽ˽⡣
ҩ棬֡
Сȣͷ꣺ȥҩ΢һ£Һܿ
лһ
³Щš
ҲǸо˵һ㣬ԹԵĲлߵϣҶ
֪ΪΣ֮һֱôԴʱһֻ֮У˯һ㡣
лҲ֪ǵѪɵģǵΪˮ
ڳһ
úܿᣬȴһֱûҩ
ʻŵʱ򣬷ӳﴵл߻£ͣŵ£ůɫĹţлߴڳֻоؿڶЩơ
￴ҩǸʲô
л߲ڳǳɴĴ˳ţߵԱߵ͸
紵ˬɢȥлؿڵַƸС
ʱлбǰڷһ춯ȭײлӼҧгݵͷŭʵİ
лбǰ˼ȻķȥֻԶһխСڣڻŹ
˵ǻŹҲǡΪ˫ƾУһһŹ
ѹһ߸ˡ
ѹǵģȴֻˣһһ
Ĵһ߼ߵǸźɫĳ£Ŀһ׾ϡ
֮УǸ߸ڶ֣ƾһˣͽ漸˴䣬Ǳ
л߿˹ķʽɾûˮĶÿһιֱӶ׼͸һĺݾ
ִ򷨡
ԣѧȭġ
лţԭԹԲϵᵽʲôĶ㣬Ѹٳȥ
лߺ
ȻߣȴûǰԹֻͷлһۣͼǰȥ
лüͷ΢壬̧Ÿȥ
ߡ
Ұʰ⼸Ļ죬ϲ䵽Ļҡ
о˿ûᡣֱϱûͷͻȻԮŲͷŶԷ˹ȥ
С谵ƣģҰߵģֻϡԷŷƺܲѰ
߶䣬춯
Ұû˵һԼ
߽ˣҰŷֶԷǺܲѰķΣ置ǱߵĴͳΡ
Ϊ߻谵ɿԷģ
Ӧһꡣ
л߿վڰĸ߸ӣԭΪŸ
ȻԽԽڸоӵĿ֮Īģл߾ͱ⿴ģĸ߸ӣע

ھϲϵϵġ
ĳֹĴųڿǰһ㡣
ͬʱлߵͷҲʼָͣоʲôƽȻӿ񾭣ȥĳļһ
̫ˡ
лַ
ȻȴǲԼƵģֱֱĶӸ
˵ľҲԽԽ
ҰʲôѽվҰԵԾݣһɺĿڣôһֱ㡣
Ұû˵
üǷ񣬴˿̱ţӲ
Ƴһ۷ų꿪Ԯţڵŵɨ꣺һģţɤɢżĵİ
Ǻģͳ͸΢΢Ĵԣһ΢ɳơ
ȻлߵĶһءһ£̼䣬һμİϤļ䣬ӿлߵԺ
Ϊһ¶һμ䣬һ룬ԲĳʹлֱӾ˹ȥ
ɲɵģιȥлߣþ͵ҰĽ¡
Ծݵͫ׵
籾ôݵģ
Ұ
ɵģ
ҰԼµ꣬Ӣͦü΢
һɲǼ䣬ĳˡ
ͻȻƵһĻϷ絽ԭʹֱĻǣΪ̫ȶ˲
һ롭
롭
롭
ֱ붼ȥˣڵϵԾûκζ
ʱԾգգۣգգۣǳȷĿڣǱ㡭Ρȥˣ
ǡ
ˣ
Ծ𾪣ԵҰ
ȻҰӸߣѹȸǿһǸȴ͸һɲǵĺ徢
ҰһõƤѽ
ˣҲǳ
ȻԸšƢҲ˿ͺйԣҲһڣͰ굱ΰɣ
ôţԾݲֶ࿴Ұۡ
ҲԽζ
ѵҰˣԵԣԲûҰϵĿֲ֮
оԾݰӵĿ⣬ҰƳȥǷ᣿
Ծݣ
ðɡ
ЩǱιȥˡ
ôˣҰôŪ


2 
Ծ⻰˵꣬һĽСŮͽϻС֡
ڵϵлߣɫ˲һס
ѸܵлߣȷлߵϲûˡƺֻǵΪѪǶιȥ֮΢һ̧ͷҰԾݣ˭ôһ£
Ұûд
һԵԾԼ˵ڽѵ⼸죬˹ȻͻȻͻ赹ˡ
ͣ˸߰˷֣Щĵһ䣺ûСʲôɣ˵䣬ĿҰ
Ծע⵽ҰΪŮ˵߶ԽԽɫϽ˵ܶʲôͻȻǻΪɵģ
ⷴӦų˷ŵ˵ǡ
ɫһιл߳һ׻ǿ飬һ߷ǸǸԴǲˡ̬ȳϿ̹Ȼ
Ծݼˣ˵ʲôһֱĬҰȴûڵˡ
䣬Ұ׼ת뿪
Ȼʱȴסһȡ
Ұ΢ü͸һԵĲ͡
û˵ЩΪѵĿ˿ڻ˯ֿ꣬˿ԼǲԶͣŵĳȻһѰĬĬĿӸ
ȻСȿžݣֻʮ꣬ǱϾǸذһ弸ĸӣСȻжʮ׵߲
ҪСȱϣһ׵¡
ôţζʱˡ
Ұ
ǻ˵ӣ
Ծݣ
ȷʵǲ
Ҳûʲô취
СܽСƽȵıϡ
ֲܴ򼱾ĵĵ绰
ֻпĸߴͦεˡ
ûôԥ˵æҰСȱϳҵĳͣ档
ҰĬ
û˵ͬ⣬Ҳû˵ͬ⡣ֻǾĿűŮ˰ŵ꣬ڵüڻ谵ĹԵ䡣
֪ʲô
˵ҲЩˣ𣿡һ顣
شһĬ
κΪԷͬʱ
Ұ΢ζһ˵һ֣á
ԾЩˣôӦˣ
Ұš
Ծݸ̾㾹ȻôӦˣ
Ұ
Ծݣ˵õĲ˵𣿡
ҰƳ䲻ȣ£
Ծ̱죬ڴ˸ơ
תһ룬Ҳԡ
ҰȻקòУǼͼ첿ҧгݵͷŹע󣬵ҲǿǸ䡣
ں뿪һƱԼεˡ
ջͬæƺҲ֮С
Ȼѽǰ׺Ұ磬ʵǸĺúӡ
ôţԾݿҰĿ⣬˲ôȰ
ҰƤ
Ծ΢ЦһȸҰְο
Ұ
ûԾݣߵԱߣûꡣ
ҰĿƶǰϡ
ЩӵȦڻ谵Ļ⣬ɿӲ̶ȡ
Ұϴ˱߿ķʽ
Լ
ۺϿ֮ѡֱӵı
ҰûҪᣬ׾ͽᱧ˿ļ
״Ͻ˵ǳл֮Ҳٵ飬վǰ·
ȻҰлûΪϵ¶ȣƫлߣܵĿԴ
ԺУл˫֣˳ƻסҰĲӣҲҰŴ
Ұ͵һ޳ӰҲȻͣס
ϰôһ˲
ʶͷ˱ŵꡣ
ʱѾߵ˹߽λá
·ƵҰҲ
ЩҰԤϵģϻֵͲʣͼĳֹϵȺͼڡ
Щʻռ˷ֱ治ʵģ
һԵԾЩȵ˵壿
صǰɡ
СȵȽϸӣ֪Ҳ࣬ټϽ鷳㲻ԡ
Ծݼ״ҲʶȤûжʣֻϡĿ⣬ֶ࿴ϵĲʻ漸ۡ
ĳСﲻԶһӲӿٶȵҰͽ걧˳
ٴθлҰ֧һĸл͡
Ұûգֻϼʻλֿ֮һۺꡣ
ڷڵʱԾЩζ˵һǵһμϻֲʻ
Ұһ
Ƭ֮ͻȻ뵽ʲôϡɢ˵Ҵŵһɺܵζ
Ծһ룬ѿڶѲͲʵζ
Ұǡ
ԾЩˣʲôζ
Ծݵ֪ֻһЩŮϣŻֵζ
Ұ΢򱡴뵽ǲһСӵİ볤̧̧Ƥ˵置ǱߵĻζ
Ծˣô˵ϴˮ
ҰҲпܡ
֮ͦŵģζر
һҰû˵
ܿ죬˻صڣھʱҰƳͷҲĻ졣
΢ɲĶһ£һҲûһʼʢ˵ģ
Ծݿڵϵ⼸ˣϵЦҲɢȥˣЩô
Ұ˵ùܡ
֮ȥ÷ڽ̲衣
ȻԼǱ̲ʱȴֽ̲ڴһĴָСĿס
һûȶ̲裬Ȼֻʣ֮һ
̲ҰĬˡ
ԾҲĬˡ
һ롣
Ծʮֹϵɨ˵⼸ʹڴĻǣĿģǣȻ͵Ұ̲裿
òУʵûסԾݣƿڴܳԾвɣ
Ծʼ磬ӦôҲ²¡
㡪øĹˣ˵ʲôԾȴѾĿתҰѲ󣿡
ҰĵĿһۣڿһϡ
Ծݣ
ðɣ͵ȵĻ̲Ӧᵹڵϵġ
ôˡ
˭͵̲裿
ԾݾýϷһжͦϷġ
͵̲ס
˿̣ŹĹĵĶӣʮѸġŷ϶ĳ˳ȻĻصлߵϡ

лʱڹԢĵ³ͣ
лһֱŵЩЦ⣬ǳеѯʣںЩ𣿡
л߻صеͷΡ
֮΢΢˶٣ֲһ䣺Щˮ
Ѿܴ˵绰ܿ͹
лߣš
᣺ȥɡ
л߾ܾͬ㣬ԼȥˣôˣҲȥɡ
᲻ģл߼֣֪ǰĳĹִҲٶ˵˼󣬱Ŀ˵ݡ
л߻صԢ߽СѣԼֱԡҡ
վԡҵľǰлжϵĲʻ档
žеԼôһ˲䣬л߸оһַǳ΢ĻȻ
ӳǰӽϤ˼ʮ
ǵģǰӽ
лһֱܡ
ӵǰˡ
ǰ򳵻ºӤ
ڹȥʮлһֱΪ磬ͬǰһֻһͨ硣
Ȼ֪ڰСʱǰǸխ谵ڣ׵߸ˡ
һİļӿԺЩ֮󣬲ŷһԼȻ̥һУ԰
λǡ
ͶڳָС
һǼͼ첿߮һѧ᳤½š
лߣֻھǰڣƶܸ鷢չĹˡ
һԸ졢ֲȺĶڻҡ

ڿѧգΪΪͼ첿ļ߮УǿӹĿ֮ӣ
֮ΪһֱԷţ淴ı֮ġ
ԭļ߮½ţҲΪл߶Լ߮һϵбΪ˸Ľ
½ѧĻ᳤ΪǹǿԸȡºͣǳĿɿָܳеѧʦĴڡ
л߱߮½žͰ߮
ôһȥ½źͼ߮Ϊл߶
ģ˶Ա˴˾Ͳ˲һ㺡
елߣֻһǰУ԰ֳķ
Ľ֣Ǳ޿̵ǹǿȨȻ˵ĳЦáУͬһСһ㣬ǱѧĻ置
뵽еǸԼ³
лߵʱЩӡ
ʱͺǿԺܿ͵
лߣȴеǸлߡ
л߲Ϊľ黹ᰴչ
Ѿ֪ǰ¡
ľ飬л߸źЧӦ
ϾѼһ
ĹѾƫơ
뵽⣬лߵУֳСǸ߸
Ұ
е䣬ָеͷУԡ
ǹ½ţǱֵܹϵ
ԭΪ½ŵķڡ
л߻ŶԷʱǹɺݾɾ֣뵽ԼԺУǹԴ
ҰĿҲӴλãķŲ˼֡
ʵҲøлҰ
ԷΪнλǵĹؼ
ǽҹСżȻҲô;еļ䡣
Ȼӵһּ䣬лȴΪš
ø
һΪ
ôţлסߵ˻·
һϴ֮
лߴԡҳʱѾʮˡ
һëͷһ
ɳڿֻŮ˺лʮȻ߹ȥëڲϣȻ˶ԷԵλá
㣬ڿʲôл߽бŮߣ°Ҳ˶Էļ򴦡
΢Žһ֣˷֮󣬲̧ԵлߣЦڸУǱ߹ͨٵ¡
л˵һܡ
ܸоԼ壬ĿǰԻȶ
л߿ɲԼѧУʱͻȻ赹
տһлԲ԰׵ɫûκԥͬˣá
лֵɣ˵ˮɡ
блһۣǰѧ
л߷ʣ𡣡
յͷݣС
лʣûһ𣿡
յڻңʱ벻˵⻰֮һлʪܵĺڷҪٲ
лһ漴˵ҡ
˵ţԴ˹
΢۾壬һֻ߹Ĳ˹èһ㣬ոͷ
ЩΣСȣҪ
л̧ۣʱֻҪ̵ʱõԼҪġ
ݵķʽΪʲôã
ԣ΢΢򴽣Ƭ֮󣬻һ˵Сȣĳ֮ǰһŮ
տкӣСȣŮҪнޡ
лһ˵ǰֲϲҲʲô
ü¡
лߵ˵ͷһ
Ҳ֪ûȥ
ռ״ҡͷЦЦ׼˵ʲôл䲻ʳһ䣺ǶͿ𣿡
ֻһһлߡ
лգգۣڳһ޹ģһʵĺ汦һ㡣

Ѿʮĺ汦
Ӥģ
ǿάϵ΢Цһһٵ˵лȡߣǹڸţǼǲ
ɲŴСʹлߣò֪˵Щʲô˼᲻֮еĽޡ
ǿл߳ģ⺢ֻϿɵ˱ֳ׽
ڲˣ⣬ʱ̬ȣ˵쳣Į
տƹɡ
лЦ˵ΪİлţССĻɢЦɼ
ûЩɫĲʻڵл¶ݣ
ٷǳ£ͦͫɫǴڣЩǳɫ
·׺һ룬ɫͬǳ
ǲս׷֡
ʣлߵĳǺ֡
Цʱβ΢΢ܸһЩĸС
һǡ
лߵĺÿտȷʵһ۾;þ޵Ư
ϲŮҲᱻݵĺÿ
뵽⣬ȥѧʱҲϻ廨ͼڣ
лߵȻصնֶи
ûסЦ˳ȻǸжꡣ
лҲЦҲǣûУϹ˵
ձøˣԭΪǿȵĹĸ۸УҲɢˡ
˿ǰžذ׵뵽ƽԷɫʸмǿĲʻ棬ѲµУ԰һ൱ʡ
ôţûסлߵգ˵һ侭ò˥ĻСȣҪúѧϰŶ
лߣ
ޣ


3 
µĵڶڡ
뿪ѧѾȥһܡ
һ峿
ָеУſڣͼίԱÿһεļ顣
Ϊ׵ӸԽУһ˿ĴϣҲϽ϶ˡ
ʱδߵ롣
峿Ĺϣӳ忡üۣһ赭⡣
ָɫ
ѧϯ½šͼ첿߮ԼӿµġͨѧҰ
Ϊ׵Ǽͼ첿߮
߮ú˧һͼ첿Ķ̷Ůûסͷһۼ߮
˧ģҲġְ˵ţҲͷһۼ߮ţҺͬ꣬˵ûһپ䡣ػҰ˵Եʡ
Ȼô˵úܳԼ߮ա
ѣ½ѵȼָ֮߮𣡡
ְ½ų˧ѧϰãƽ׽ˡһҲƼ߮ǰ㣬͸һ˺ое롣
һ£½Űܸо̫ңԶˣһѧڶ档
ȷʵǺϡһ㣬ְͬĵ˵ͷ½úŲһ䡣
ƨϲܻˣ Ծһ죺ְû۹⣬߮½Ұ˧
̷ְ˰ɣҰƢûߡ
ЩˬˣôԼҸ𣿡
ְбһۣǱʵʵ˵ż㼱ʲô
żһ׼ԣתʵһҰӦûѧУɣ
ְ̲˵Լ绰֪ˡ
żݣ
ⲻǴһͨ绰Ұû
ʱͻȻ뵽ʲôһ㣬ЩְҼǵһ಻ǿսһתУⶼѧһˣתУû
ᵽλתУְ˲˾
ָеĸͣٻתУرһص࣬ǴδսתУ
һԭ򣬳ָеѧλתѧ˵ٶЩ档
ְ̧۵СϢ˵תУڿѧͷϣٳԼˮҪϢһڲѧУʱӦþǽ졣
ͬΪһѧżݶתУ֮Աǣףʹס
üˮɣҰ˵дԾдҹ㣬ڵڶѧٵҪס
ְ
һﻹ䲻Ұ
ֱԹżݵķԣԵְ˵ǸתУλ˼߮Աߣ
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ְ֪ǸתУŮ𣿡
ְûشżݾ˵ϣתУǸŮһŮͬѧٵģôҲǿɰŮӡ
һѧżݵݴʣ˵ϣһͬѧ
żһݣ
Ϊʲôܣ֪ǲԱģƯкӺϲĺòã
żügaygayģҲɡ 
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ְգգۣصǸҾֻ֪ЩˣģҲֻм֮߮ŲΪѧ죬ϰаѼ߮е칫ң˵תѧ¡
˵ͷѽ˼ţתУӦú⣬ȻǰർҲ⽫߮ȥ칫ҡ
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ϣ¼ȫУѧ֡
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Ե۵ģǿ˵ɫֲʻ 
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ͼ첿Աͬʱ˼߮漴ĬĬŲӣĬĽԼľ߮ԶһЩ
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Ȼ߮ڿƺޱ飬촽ԶճһӲֱ˰ɣ
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ְһ¿ˮͼΪ置ѧУġδͬͬѧһԺʵɣ۾˵ûһֿܣʵcosplay
żбһۣԼ𣿡
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˵⻰ʱżҲûѹ
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䣬żݾͿһֱվԭصļ߮˹ȥ


4 
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㣬ϰʼЩʱ䣬ù뿪ѧǣûмŽңѡͣԭΧⳡϷ
ǿ߮һߵתУߣȻվתУǰƽֱȻĺ˶Է֣лߡ
߮Ҳκƺֻڵȷϡ
Ҫл߸ϴͷ
˿̣΢΢лߵʱǹϢϯ˺ӡ
л̧̧Ƥһ
ɤ͸΢΢ıһ˿Եɳơ

ͺƻû˯һ㡣
ʵϣлҲȷʵûô˯ѡ
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Ϊ֢գͷȻǲôˣ׷
л߹ţʱ֮ڣӦǲȫȻ͹ˡ
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һԵ˿żݣֿ˿ְΪʲôǵЩ˷ܣĪǼ߮תУӵĻ棬ǿúܹ񫣿
仰Ȼû˵żݺְ˼
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л߲²⣬һΪٵһλͰʮδർȥҹ߮ͨһЩ

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Ϊ㶼ж˵ҪСѧУл߾ͰϰڲϵĶ˹Ԣ
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ƽƫ͵ɤ͸һ˶΢΢Ĵԡ
ᵽԼվڼ߮лߣ΢΢ͷӼ߮ðһԴ˵֮ˡ


5 
˵ˣüĿͦǡ
ٵһ䡣
ͬУȴǺͼ߮һЧ
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΢΢һ¶İ׳¡
ԶɽУӣճ˫ȵĻȣֱ
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лڹ۲ʱ
ԷҲڿ
ݵ߶֮ȸ˷Ӧ
΢΢һЦԼã½š
½ţ
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л߼ǵе˶ۣº͡˹ġԸܺã˵ܺ㣬
ǺĿޡ
лڿȴˡ
Ĺ۲л߷֣ȻЦȻЦȴ۵ס
͵䡣
۱öô壬͸һֽԼİ
л̧̧Ƥлߡ
˵Լֺ󣬾Ͳٿڡ
Ȼ½йĽ
½ŴҲǿһ㣬ֻ˵һòԵĻӭ󣬶Լ߮΢΢кűƹлߺͼ߮뿪ˡ
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칫ﲢûмʦ
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еĵ֮һԵļ߮˵ˣȻؽҰɡ
߮˵ͷת뿪ˡ
л֣ʾԼ
л߽´һлߣƸ̾ƻ˵һ䣺㰢㵱꣬ͦġ
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ŻʲôСǼ߮ԼתУ֡
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ʷʻ֮תۺԼɫ
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߮߶ʱøˡһӲ³֣Ҫڿ˯


6 
лԣ˼֮󣬲΢΢ͷĻһ֣á
лߵĻش𣬼߮üͷ΢չһЩ
Ȼڼ߮׼ջߵʱĿⴥлյĳһһ۾ͷĲʻ棬ƺУſʱȣҪģһ㡣
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뵽ȥ칫ҵ·£ϵŨˡ
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ڣֻǴⲻ˷ʱ䡣
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лߵĿһ޵ǳϢӿ˼߮ıǼ⣬עʹ޷ǰ㼯С
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Цúᣬ۾ģСɼ
Աߵļ߮û˼ڿαԤϰϵлߣɢĿ½˼֡

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ҲǷǳ͵Ը
лȥͼݵ·ϣżһֱŻ⡣
УſڵʱΪ֪תУ置ģȻԷĴŴ磬Żᷢһ²ۡ
ǵ֪Էļ󣬶置ѧУеתУԽ
ԷҲһЩصɫʡ
뵽лڽ̨ϵһҽܣڴʵ置ǱǲǶϲһЩֵĳ
л߾һֱ˵żЩشҲܷܣֻһС˻ģ͸ôɢС
л̬˿ûӰżݵ飺ЫӵĻᱻҧЫжİɣ
оǣ˵置ǱߵЩ¹ƣ᲻¹ѽӰݵֹƳ棿
л߻㶼˵ǵӰˣȻ鹹
ż˵ǵӰԴ𣿡
лԣͣ½Ųһ¹𣿡һ䣬΢΢̧Ưһбżݡ
żԭ˵ԼΪŻ
ڴлߵ֮˶һ£һ룬ܿʹлߵߣҡҲ֪
ЩɰͰ͵˵ţ֪ΪΣҲЩ΢΢ķ
رǡ
ԷһġЩζЦ󣬸Īе㲻ڡ
Ǻٻżϵ
ץץԼͷתƻ˵һ䣺۾ͦÿġ
ż⻰˵꣬УֻͻȻʱ¡
żóֻһ΢Ϣ
΢ŵҰ
Ұ[ҺԾϵѧУˡ]
Ұ[ҿһͷûš]
żݶĻһãȻЩǸĶл˵Ӧ֪ͼɣеҪȥǱߣȹȥһͼſͷ𣿡
лߵͷ˵ȥɡ
лô˵żҲٵ飬һһᾡϻ֮󣬾С뿪ˡ
лƾżͼȥ
ھһ̻ʱлСèĽ
ΪЩԶлСֻϡСèƺʲô
лϲڸСﶼһȻϲҲ׽
СèľŸУл߲δԥķȥ
ƹ̻ҹ䣬߹һƺһ¡
ĺѧУΧǽ
л̧ͷһֻСèſ֦Ѿϡ
Сè֫ţצӽץɣ󱳵СëΪ¶š
èźСֻҲ´
Ӧǳè費ڵʱԼϣȻ뷵صʱȴΪ̫ߣԲˡ
лĿһɷ֧ĸ߶ȣ׶ࡣ
置ʱЩϺܶࡣ
лߴǰϲȥ˯߶ԣʲô¡
л߰Сèܿϡ
֦ķֲ洦ܿϵΣСèϣȻḧСèëСè
ûˣҴȥл߷ᡣ
Ȼʱ󷽵Χǽ⣬бһλͻȻһ춯
ţ
żȥǱ߿һ£ȻҪͷ˵һ
š
ϣҵ
˵Ļ䣬һӰʹΧǽⷭ˽


7 
лϵģ㹻ӽǺ͸߶ȣӰǽصĶһࡣ
Ӱһ൱
Уµ˫ȱֱ޳Էֻǽһȵ䵽˵ϡ
ٶȿ䡣
Һһǹ߷
ȻգҶܷïлɵķ֦ϣҶýڵһ󲿷֡
·̧ͷͷֲϻ˴ڡ
Ϊ˸ǽһڳ㹻ؿռ䡣
ϵĻң˺ü
һƶ֮þվлڵ¡
лһḧСèëһ߿·ǶȵԵʣлֻܿԷıӺͷ
ţͦ
ͷɣҲ㡣
˿ɫȳĺɫҪ΢ǳһЩ£еƫء
Сèлߵİ²ûٽУлߴʱҲûгվµҰûзڿԼ
һɢУԻΧǽԾ˵㣬ʱ䡣
ǽԾС²һ䣺ôôס
ô˵ţһ룬ԾݻѸٷǽ
ȻصʱСĻһ¡
ΪסΣԾݵ˫ֱܵĳڵϣ˿еһֻſڵϵĴ
ϵл߿һĻûסЦһ
öЦôҶķ϶ųﳯյ⣬ҰԾݵĶ
Ծһƺû뵽У԰صǴȻе˵Ĵڡ
ʱѾ̧ͷҰһ۱㿴ϵꡣ
괩żɫ置Σ볤ĺڷһСӣǰȦ׺ԺΪϡ
ȻϻɫŨҵĲʻ棬Ȼΰ߲ϵʱɼǰʤѩļǱһ˸Ĵɫ
ϣſһֻɫСè
Сèĸ£ʮܵİԲԲ۾ССβİڶš
գһƬ
һ̣ϵ置꣬·ɫʣĶ
Ұüɵģ
͸ôζ
Ȼϳϵ꣬һǰǸͻȻεԼǰ
Ծһ뵽ʲôѸҰߣ̧ͷϿȥ
ϵл֮Ծһ£漴ع۾һǸԾݻû˵꣬ҰͽӹĻɵġ
ϷŵǾ䣬ҰѾ˵顣
л߻ҹ﷢£һԱߵΧǽŲŴ·ҰѧҰĿǣ˾䣺ǽġ
Ұݣһ
ڵлߣƫ촽΢΢һĨЦЦĻȡ
ӣȴΪǹǷ沿ͼüۣƽһЩİ
л߼ǵҰеǹ½ţǱֵܹϵ
Աһ½źҰģ˵ûһ֮
ӲҪ˵û˵ϣһѹȸС
½ŵĸɫ
ҰǸ¶Ҳֱף
վҰԵԾݣ˿ҲҰ̧ͷ˿ϵ꣬漴ֵͷҰ
ôһɲǼ䣬ԾݾԼеǶǸһ£׼˵ʲô־档
Ȼ촽΢У԰㲥ͻȻʱ
һлͬѧ쵽ͼݡ
һлͬѧ쵽ͼݡ

㲥ƽĮûһ
Ǽ߮
ͬһ仰ڹ㲥˵顣
֪ͨĶһ㡣
лߣ
ԾݿϵգգۣһɲǼĿͣһʵûסЦԭл߰
лߴԾݣһ䣺Ц
˭֪л⻰һ˵꣬ԾݷǵûͣŶЦøˣҲ֪ͻȻһ񾭡
л߿ԾݵʱЩ
һԵҰԾһţɵ|𡣡
ԾЦ㲻ú˼𣿡
䣬ֽŵ㲥ǸǼ߮ɣһлߣҰһҮ
ҰûٴǿлߣתУ
л֣߰Զ׼𡣡
ԾݻЦ㻹ͦģͼ첿ֱУ԰㲥һȫУ˹
Ȼ߮㲥Ӧֻѡ⣬ڵȲᲥš
һھεѧ϶˵ġ
뵽⣬ЦԾŶЦ
ҰЩƳһۣвβ
ԾЦᶼˣⲻûס𡭡˵ţлߵҰеһƴ
ңͼ첿ͷżһϯ֮ءԾ˵꣬ǿЦ⣬Ѹһһ˵ϲ㣬ϲͼ첿صע
л߾Ĭ룬һ
صעҲǺҪ
ʱݴͻȻһ춯
ţһֻèӲݴ˳
èлϵСèԾѸ£Ȼ
л붮һ̯֡
èлһۣȻǰ캬סСèĺ󾱣ܿʹСèʧ˲ݴ
ԾݻȻΪСèϲ
л߲̲ĻصȻΪΪ˿Ƿǽ
Ծݣ
лߣոյƲ
ԾϵЦûˡ
Ȼô˵׼ƽϣͦߵģʱС
ĻԾݻû˵꣬л߾Ѿɷݵ䵽˵ϡ
Ծݴһڣ
ҰĿлһۣԾݵˡ
Ծݵ˵ͷ
֮ǰл˵ˣ㻹ְ֪ɣҽԾݣҰ
лһ̬Ȳ磬Ҳ䵭
Ұֿлһۣת뿪ˡ
ԾݺҰȥҵʱлҲȥͼݡ
ͼſڣл߲ûпżݡ
ˣǼ߮
߮лߣҲûȥֱתͼݡ
л߸ڼ߮棬һ·ͼݵĶ¥ȻڴŽ̲ĵĽȡͱӡ
ѧƵĿαʮټʮӺһЩϰᣬҪһ
߮û˵ʲôбһ롣
л߿һۣʣµһ뱧
л߻ص༶֮ҰѾһŵλϡ
ϣĿα̯һҳ棬Ȼǵһƪ¡
лߵԼλôҰ̧Щĵ΢ɴǣ
лߴۣҲҰƫǳһͫɫ͸һƯĹ󣺡ÿɻУ


8 
ԭ˼лҰ飬Ȼٰ¿αҰ
Ǳź౦ɴǵ飬ǻصҰС
Ұɡ
ϵ֣ǽڷָ˿ϵĿα˵ţϰˡ
ϰˡ
żҰô˵ʱһӣûס²۱ĳ
ʮٷģҰֻùһĿα
Ծ
ܲԾ
żݽԴĿα£˿Ұֿ˿Ұǰлߣһ˫۾ֱת
ֱ˸оǵһʶ
̨ϵע⵽·żҶԴֱӵżݣġ
żݶʱһ飬৵һվ
һ룬ͬ³ε£ʼ϶ķ
żǱŬʱ
Ұߣȴ
ڿλãֳ򦣬һûһµתеıʡ
ʱĴⴵһ硣
Ұһ罫ǰתУķβ΢΢ûбļϸ鷢˿Ҳڷ£ɨ˺촦
ðס
ҰԷƤʱĵһܡ
Ұ뵽תУƵĳͽµż漴뵽ǹɺرġǴӶԷͷɢǳ
ͣתУĺڷϡ
ôһ˲䣬Ȼһһ¶ԷСӵĳ嶯
һڿ
Ұû˯
¿һ죬żݾѸҰԱߵĿλá
˳ĴУڴͳֻбǰлߣͬѧͬѧлߣһл߲һֱȥļơ
лת
żһ˵һίԱлߣ΢źǶ٣㣬༶΢Ⱥ
ҰƳżһۡ
żûעҰ񣬶һڴĵл߻ش
лû˵Ŀżݣƺ˼ʲô
룬óֻ΢ŵĶά롣
żݺܿлߡ
עлߵ֮л˸һ΢Ⱥ
Ⱥϰർ磬һʮˡ
л߽ȥ֮Ⱥʮˡ
żЦе˵ȺˣʲôȺﶼ֪ͨȻʲô֪ģǳӭ˽¸ҷ
żһϢֻû˵Ұ˿棬ȥ
żݿҰһΪʲôҪߵı顣
Ұ̫룬˯
żݣõİɡ
żݶлֻصԼλϡ
ͬĳ³̴˹ˣ
żһȻֿ֮һлߡ󣬱΢ϵıעлߵָĳˡǳرתУ⼸֡
³ҲһлߣóֻҲΪѡ
żһ˵˾䣺ӰɣҹӦòͬ⡣
³ηʣΪɶ
żݣֱ
ʵϣżݵֱû
³ηȥĺ󣬶Էûͨ
ֻǳ³ΣﻹкüѧȥĺлǱҲͬûͨ
Ҳ֪ΪûпֻΪʲôԭ
³εͬѧеУо̫ദ
ż̧ۣҸоð
³ΰһۣԸ񣬱˾ų㣬ܸоõ
³˵⻰Ҳûżݻش𣬾͵ͷ㿪У԰̳ʼ
ڵһҳϡ
·Եһʾʮ
ӣλսתУлйء
³ο۶ߵӡ
[ӣҪ֪תУȫϢ]
[һǸһתУ׳ʲô]
³һߵ㿪һһ߶ż˵㿴У԰̳
ż׼лߵȦ³⻰ԥһ£ȵ㿪У԰̳
³һȵ㿪ĵһ
·ظ˺ܶࡣ
ЩϢ
ۺҲֻ置лߣĿһ⼸Ϣ
ż뵽лڽ̨ϵĽܣ漴Լ˺ŷһ
ϲѵӢ˧磺תУʮ꣬ϲʳȤ
ཷ¥ϵϢɿ
ϲѵӢ˧磺һϢ
Բӣʲô
ϲѵӢ˧磺ߣ֩Ыģ
žţֲ
⣬ż˳ӣֿ˵ڶл߳ġ
ӵ۶ߵġ
ʮӣ͸˽˰ٲ¥
·ĻظȫǹתУͲݵĲ²⡣
ӵ¥һлߵƬ
Ϊ߸ЩԶƬĵЩģֻϡлϵͲʡ
Ϲӣûиһѧ˵תУʲô
ɰķè԰׳ʲôʵ̫˺ˣ
ݵŮ˸һģתУݿܺ
һظ֮·¥ͽʼЩˡ
ӵķҲתУǳƻ˧硣
죺ǳưɣѧУʲô⣡
ĸǹ¥ϼһһ㳤úÿ˶¶ݡ
ߣ飡ֳֻܳģŻ뾡취ڡصģ򣬶ö
ݵŮô˵ɣתУܲҲ൱ԣԲܻȥ
ְظһ·кüһѧڸ
Ȼһѧͱ༶ѧࡣ⼸༶ѧķܿͱû
˺棬в˿ʼǵ˵ΪλսתУöȻܳ󣬶һǳ󵽲Ŀ֡
ְſţĪЩɴص̳ȥˡ
żְ֪̳ϵĹidݵŮ̧һǰŵְֿһлߣ漴ͷһ
ϲѵӢ˧磺ҲǸһģ˵תУԳò
ߣһǰģĪǶתУͬ˾ڣ
ϲѵӢ˧磺¥ϱƱơ˵ǣɵҲǣߵģë
ۿӿҪսˣ¥ϽȰ͡
ۣۡ
ཷֻˣתУݵʲôİ
ϲѵӢ˧磺Ƥܰס
ظżһ£ֽŲһ
ϲѵӢ˧磺۾Ҳܺÿ
žţ۾ÿжÿ
żݿУſʱлߵһݵĶӣʹģ⼸֡
һۣعˡ
Բӣô죡ԺѾԲһˣ
žţ¥㲻ǵһصġƻĵ置꣡
ķèлˣ
ظһأ˲俪һķԡ
лĸ֣ʱˢ˺üʮ¥
żݿԼ⼸ɵЧЩ̡
һԵĳ³һı飺|ۣżôͻȻˣ
żһס³ε죬һķЩŵ˵С㣬Ұ˯
³޹գۡôãżһøҰҰǰл߰


9 
ʮ¿׼ʱ
ֻһʱ䣬У԰̳תУлߵӣԭеĻϾֶ
ȶߵӣһһǧһٶ¥һ˽һǧ¥
תУݾģ
Ϊڶظʼûһ׼ȷʵĻظһȳΪһָеգ֮һβ̵ʱ䡣
ָǼĶ߶˫еѧУǼĶ߶ʱѧУţֻѧУʳˢò͡
ѧУʳúܴ󣬴˵Ĵںܶࡣ
ƷҲܷḻζ൱һҲѷɫڴѧľƷʳá
żԭҪлͬһȥʳãĻû˵ڣл߾ͱվڽſڵİർˡ
ӣǻʲôҪ
żݼ״Ҳֻʱлһò͵뷨
λҰƳһżݣ̲˵һ䣺תУ̫עˡ
ż˵ҾǶ̫ˡֹ֮һ䣺㲻𣿡
⻰żݲһʣƺûдҰĻش
ҰҲûлش⡣
ʳڡ
ҰżݣԼԾһ
λһ
ҰżһţżݵĶԾݡ
ҰΪ̫ߡ̫Ϊ˱֤µܸõչˣĶͨǿŵġ
żݲûƽ극˾Ϳԣ³óֻ΢ţȻҵлһ
ʱԭǴÿμʱ俴лߵȦһ¿ΣȥظУ԰ˡʣµομʱ䣬æŲϵҵ
£ʱճˣȻҪúÿлߵȦ˶˽˽λ置ǱתУ
лߵȦõǽɼ
һζ̬ǰ
ûݣֻͼƬ
żݿƬ֮ԭЩɢ˲ˡ
ڰ׷۾Ĺ⣬רע÷ǳϸ
˽ʮ룬ſţ˺棬鷢ĶȻЩԼķˡ
ԾݣżȿԾҪģڴȤʲôأô棿Ӷֻˡ
żݰһʶ̧ͷ˾䣺ڿлߵȦ
л֣ڳԷҰֻ΢΢һ˲漴ּš
Ұ⿰ƽķӦԾȴ˲䱻ȤлߣǸ置תУ
ΪСڷ£ԼµżԾݶתУӡʮ̡
żݵǾȻ˺ѣȦʲôģ
żһ΢̵ĶصȦ˽ɼһ̬Ƭ
Ծ׷ʣʲôƬ𣿡
żҡͷ漴ֵͷ
ԾݣЦⷴӦǿ϶Ƿ񶨣˵ţԾݳż֣ҰɣԼ
żݼ״ֲֻԾĽһ£֪ΪΣǺԾݿлߵĶ̬СߵƬ
Ծһ㶣СߣߵƬ
żݵͷ׼ֻ
Ծջ֣ЩɻĿżݣȻߵƬǲģôֵͷ
ܸоֵֹġԾֹһ䡣
żԣ׼˵ʲôһֻǽڷ־쵽ǰ
żƫͷֵֻˡ
Ұüʾżݰֻ
żûʣôͻȻ뿴ˣӡҰЩȤѽҷķӦһֱƽš
Ұмȷһ¡
żݵͷаɡֻݸҰ
ҰֻĻĿųߴ緽ͼƬ
ͼƬ嶼һɫСߡ
СߵͷǼ˺ߡ
ҰĿһߵĴСȻԱǱ͵ȵ̲ϵȱڣֳߴոպá
̲ߣ
Ұһ
Ծȷʲô
Ұ͵̲ס
ԾȻӦǱ̲лߵ͵ȵģ
żݣʲôʲô죿ַʲô
ż֪ʢߣԾݿ˿ȣʼСתУϷ绯
Ұǵ㿪˵һͼƬ
ͼƬŴͼƬĻҲԽ
ɫŴ󲿡壬һֵֻĴ֧СԴ
ֻ޳𪣬¶ָ޼ָɾ
ָԲ۰ףǳǳĹ£͸һ΢΢ķۡ
ɫ߲Ƭ壬ռƬĴ󲿷ֻ棬Ȼȴûֺֻÿ֣ø
Ұ룬Ĵָ󻬶˵ڶƬ
ڶƬıҪȵһŵı࣬ĵġ
ϸϸһϸϣһ޺
Уͷͬ΢΢֧ţɺߴ΢΢͹ľ¹ǽڡ
ȷʵǷǳƯ֡
󴦵ɫѪϣ׺һŲԵ룬֮УΪ⻭һЩұɫС
Ұͼ˺ü룬֪ΪԾżҪֻʱ˵ĵһӦǾܾ
ҰЦһ˲漴ֻݸżݡ
żһֻ߽ŻУڴһ߸̾ԭһǰͼлˡ
ԾЦɲǣǸҺҰ൱̵ӡ󡣡
Ծ˵ţĵ˾͸һİർ߽ʳá
л˵ȥ򷹰ɣʲôȥӦĴڡ
лߵͷ
ְѧĴǷֿģлߵͷ֮Ҳٶԣֱ˽ְĴڡ
ÿڴŶӵ˲࣬󲿷ѧѾ÷ˣλϳ
л̧ͷĿÿʾĲƷ֣Ȼ󲻼Ŵڡ
ʳܶѧĿĿлƶĻĿŵĹ۲ڲͬתУ
ſţЩѧûסС
֪׳ɶ
Ҳ֪
ϵķÿǸȦҲر𣡡
ԶԶԣر飬ϲ
ͷҲ˳úӣ
ҲϸĽˣ
ҲÿúϵͲϴ
˭أ
ƾҶcosľ飬תУǸꡣ
ĻǳָоĴɫˣ
ǲһ˵תУģǵɫλŮУ
ʲôǳָеŮһֱŮǰպǰġ
ⲻʱڱ
Щѹ͵лߵŴڡ
ڻˢһ£ȻԸ˵ʳð̵̣ҪǴŹǣȻҪŶ˿鷳ˡ
лߵͺڶԴ곤֮˵ʱʶʹǱõڴ߶󣬱Եùɼˡ
ʳõİ̿лһڲͬĴ磬Щȵʵͬѧ壿
лߵ˵ͷ
ʳðԣ϶ʱ¶еЦ⣬Ҳǣǲģ߼ˡ
ʳðһ˵ţһӸлߴŲˡ
л߽ӹò˵Ĳ̣תʱĲġ
ۿɼķȫѧ
һĻѧǣʱЩԹ
˫ʳð̡
ÿθҨ˵ʱ򣬶ҪӶһ£´Ƶġ
л߲֪ЩѧǴ˿̵룬Ų̣׼һλ¡
ʱ׼żֱվΪ˷л߿Լл߻˻ӣθ


10 
żݵĸȻûҰǰߣΪһװĸ߶ȣһȺûȫѧкȺ
ʳ󲿷ֵѧλϵġ
żһվȻͳʮ۵Ĵڡ
ˡ
Ϊ˵л߾׼ҵߣӴ
Ǽ˲䣬ʳò͵ѧ˹ȥ
ڶѧĿ⣬żҲһûΡ
ʼͣлߵϣл߿ԼߣЦелʾ⣺
лǿһżݣ漴ֿһһʣµĿλɨɨΧλá
żһǿǽʹ
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λõ֣żǵΧҪܶࡣ
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ԭеľҰǳָеͷУԡ
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л˼䣬żǱһֱʾ⣬Цӯӯ̬ʮ㡣
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Ͼżƣһֿŵл߲ȥһֱʾ˼
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ҪǣתУϵĲʻ棬ͺڵè࣬˲ÿݡ
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ԾݣŶͦƢġ
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л߳ԷʱϲʳٶȲҲ˷ûٳţĳŲʳܵĽëһεСˢӡ
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һԣҰֳ̬ȣһҲǱͼ첿Ϊصעġѧ
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лߵ˵ͷ漴뵽ʲô˼󣬴ӰóһǣȻ΢΢תǷŵҰϣζġ
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һżݻû˵ҰͲ˵˾䣺ҪϷ𣿻򲻴򣿡


11 
żһ˲ͱҰ⻰תע
뵽Լһٶ־սˣżݻٻصԼλϣóֻ㿪ϷһĺƽӢƵĶҰ˵Ұ磬ң
Ұû˵ְǿζǷУڴ֮󣬲Ŵ˳ԼΡ
һߣżǱ߾
ҰżݣټһԾݡ
ӣƥһλ·ˡ
лϱΪȥʱԼϷֻе԰棬ΰ滹ûг
Ϸ˽ú٣ֻ֪һӵǹսϷְɡ֮ɿһӾʤ
ʮʮҡ
лԭǴС˯һżʱʱһ䡰ᰡҰ磡֮ĻҲһ˿Ȥ
ǹսϷ˵ܹЩȻһ㣬лȻҲ⡣
ǻͷﲻͣŷϻżݣֿżǽ״̬ȫͬҰ
żݺҰ֮һ򵥵ĶԱ֮л߾ƣ΢һ½ǶȣսȥҰֻĻ
ол߿ҰҲʱʶ̧ͷ
һɲǼ䣬˵ıǼһ
Ұһ˲㡭
׼˵ʲôԾݵʹϷﴫ˳һˣ
ҰһͷֻѸٲٿϷǹ
һʱ䣬ҵǹϷﴫ˳
Ǵôңл߱뿴ϷսΡ
ΪܽϷĶԾֿøл߸ɴվԼλߵ˺ţҰԱߵǸλá
һǶȿֻĻͲǵŵˡ
Ұעνĵ˻ɱϣԲûйעлߵĶ
лվҰԱߣ޳ָĻĶţٿϷڷһѡˡ
Ϊ˷ֱҰõʲôǹл΢΢ҰֻĻִս˼֡
лߵͷһͷȣҪࡣ
һ鷢ǰŵСӱ˳ƴ䡣
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һģͱĵ˴õ˽һѪ
ʱżҲĵ˻ЩŵĺҰҰҾҾң
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лԼԶһ㣬ôĿⴥרעĻ۾ĻĪһ١
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·˵ԱʾŮţһǶҰһС
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л߻ŷŵĳƺȻĽӹżݵĻø磿
Щɻѯż˵ġǷ֡
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ֻһеԾɣһһ͹Ѵˡ


12 
лֻҰһ־ͻصԼλϡ
лȥ֮Ұһˣûԭ˫ִ棬Ǹĳ˱Σֻ
޳ָĻϻţڿʲô
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żԼһҰǰлߣִԼСֹʲô
ҰżݵһжƳһ۵
żݻ˾䣺ѡ
ҪովȻΪл˵֣ôķӦ
ʼԼʮԭ
ܲΪûǵӣǶһԱ֪
ףף
żһҡͷһԼ
Լлеģеееģһݵеģееģ
ʱżݣһ
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żݳһϣҴ߸˯ˡ
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ż̧ͷĸְһۣһ߶ȥ
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ΪʲôְлߵԱǸλá
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л߻صţ֪ˡ
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Ŀ⣬ü߮װûֶѡ
ܸоתУߣϻƶţڹ۲ʲô
ԸʹȻѧУ߮Ϊͼ첿ĲѧתУֱֲεĿ
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֪߮仯л̧һۣ漴ֵͷQ߮üëϻ˼֣ͻQСĲ
߮


13 
һʱ֮䣬߮ȻЩ֪ôתУ
˵ʲôԷƶ
ûбʾ飬Ҳȥ
һ룬һûע⣬ԷֻϱQ
ƫƫЩƽֻƾ
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һ磬лߵ˯ҲѾȫɢȥˡ
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ͺ񷽲һУǿͬڱϻQֻ߮Ϊɢһ㡣
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лߴӰһǹ
Ȼ׼˺װֽʱ򣬼߮ʹԴμʱ䲻ڽڳԶ
лߵһ٣ƫͷĬĿ߮
߮ıûκα仯лߣƽĮȻûһء
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䣬Ļĺߣ㶵ȥ
лһ۵ʣڳĹԡǳӦһ֮ͷ
ȵһֱл߶ϲڻ
Ὺȴϲ屻Ÿƶʱݺӹĸоɳ۵ļ֮Уһеĳ֮⡣
˷֮Уͷš
л߱ϣһѭ浸صˡ
ϲؼĸо
żݿлϻֶ࿴һſʮĻÿᰡżûס˸ڡ
ʱҰҲߵߣżݱһҰҰ磬˵ͻװȣǲеһƴ
Ұû˵Ŀ䵽£ڵӵĿлȥ˫ַǰŮӵ
һƬβ
лͷΪϲõĴǣҲһ
û뵽л߾ȻϲֳЩⰡżֹһ䣬ͻȻ뵽ʲôƫͷԵҰҰ㳵ôãҪлǻЦøã
ҰƳżһۡ
ѽżһԼ죬Цž죬ҰĻҪδɩӵģ


14 
ڶ죬лѧУʱϲûӵȦΡ
ĴȣҲ򵥺㡣
һΣһֻһá
㿪ʼһÿڿɣڿ֮Ϣʱ䣬100ӡ
ΪĵһÿΣԺܶһʱ򣬾ͻǰȥ·󵽲ٳʲôġ
л׼ʱٳġ
ʦ⣬ѧǼ֮󣬾Ϳʼں˶
Ул˺üΣԶлôһرתУǳ档
ΪУ쵼Ǳ˵ʲôʦεʦһûжʡ
߷ӵ˶֮󣬻Ͼѧɻʱˡ
죬Ȼգɺܳˡ
л߿һЩѾø˶ĵǳϵߵٳΧߵһš
ܶһڿεİ༶˸һ֮⣬иࡣ
سȽ϶İ࣬༶ռ˽֮
ʦһһԿ
żΪָеӶӳһ׾żҰǰ档
Ϊ˱֤ԿĹƽԣʦѶżͼ첿ͷεļ߮˳ü߮ⳡԿĲС
ָеĲٳܴ
ٳһŽʽĿ̨̨м·䡣
һ䣬һĿռҪϺü
ڷڲŵռĵģҲռѧǻ·ġ
ռм䣬ֻһ㵲
߻µʱΪеļ߮Ѿ˲λ
ϴŰɫļУɫڵĿһĿ档
Ȼվ£Ǽ߮ţɫѵĮϷ·Դһֹ
߮óú˧ֿ
ҰǲŽ˧үǶ
ߺͣʵ̫Ľ
Ұھ˶ʱȽ׳ʡ
˿̣6ͷ
¶ֱ۽ʵʮƯ
ֲŵļ⣬ֽʵ˵ֱۣзǳǿо
һ׾żĸӣһȺм䣬Ⱥ
ǻ³˲䣬˵Ŀ⡣
żߵҰԣЩĽĴһҰֱۣΪسңȻûġ
ҰȻ
żݰԹðɣôʲ
࣬ӵľкü
һߣżӶӳ֮⣬ֻҰܴ
ôһԱȣҲʵ⣬ڳһ浹ơ
һ󲿷Ůڿ̨ϻֱվڳۿ
ȻȴЩһ
Ϊʲô᲻һΪĸһ࣬һתУлߡ
лԭǵһµġ
ûãְ˹
лߵԱߣŻ
лȻЩСܵԭŮʱ򣬻˵ͺദࡣ
ְʲôش
ЩģһЩʱ̬ȣܹǺĵġ
Ůߡ
ְĿͷЩл¿ʼһֱĿŮǣҲ˹
󣬾ͱлһȺŮм䣬ഺŮΧŵ
ϣż̬ͶһȻûǰŮǵĻ
żһ٣⣬ֻǵļŮΧۡ
⼸Χ۵ŮĿעӵˣ
Ұ
żЩԹƳҰһۡ
ȻҰڵĵطŮǵ߾Ͳϡ
ôţżֿлڵķ
Ů˵ЦлΧżˡ
Ĵ򣬾ƶԱҲ൱ľʺпͷȴûеõЩŮǵ߹ע
ޣ
ɢഺɶϢĴЩŮУȻûлһ
ˣ
żݵʱЩ΢
ﱩɹΪһȡⳡԿʤʲôûлߣһų㣬£һȺŮΧš
żע⵽кüŮǰġ

һʱ֮䣬żݾȻЩ˵Լ˿̵΢ΪĽлܱһȺɰŮΧţĽȺŮܺлĽ׽
³μ²һѺǰһżݵĺ󱳣żݣ㿴ʲô
żݻͷ˳³һۣĿڣڿųɵġ
³һ㶣ɶ
żȴûйͣǾֱл
żְ߽Щ´żһۣйɳζ
żһ飬̷ʲôζ׵ĴԺɶζòã
ż˵꣬ƺûֽŲһ䣺˶ĺˮĵƶ˿鸹ָտɴ
ְԣĿżݵĸ鶼һУ˵ʲô˿顣
⻰һ˵꣬˲ͼżݵʤȥ˵˭û鸹
Ϊ֤ԼżֱӾ˵ҪǲţǾлҾ飡
ż˵⻰ʱûôࡣ
Ͼµ棬лһ
żȻҲ˵
Ȼ⻰˵֮żݲͻȻʶȻлߺлм£ƺҲеֵֹġ
ھǹ
żҲ˵
Ǳܵĸоֵֹġ
ˣżݻ˲䣬ĬĳĬˡ
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лҲżݣ
лߵߣżһ죬ЩͰ͵˵ǡ
͡ҡֻ롭֤ûô࡭
ΪЩţԭ仰˵£żôĿİ˵ñ˼ȫû
ƫƫʱְ˵һ䣺ż㾹Ȼˡ
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żְĨϡ
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ְ˵ʲôΪʲôͻȻ
ְżݺְ֣ʱҵֱӴǲǣͬʱżлһۡ
ʱҰҲ˹
ߵżԱߣƳҪã
˶Ұ߱ƽҲͳɳƣڵʱ򣬷·𻹲һ˿΢ĴϢУ
͸һĪԸ
һЩŮĶԾĺ
Ϊ˺ҰǱˮʪĸɼĸսġխʵ
¶ֱƤ·һɫĹ
ڳɬ֮壬޲͸һپС
ְ֮⣬ŮЩ̫˼˿̵Ұ
ȻҰƢãקòС
ΪָеɫҰĻֵûޡ
лߺ츳ǰʱѧ˺ü置ʱҲϲֲʻ档
Ϊԭ򣬴˿ڿҰʱ򣬵һӦµṹӦ൱ÿ
ڼ䣬ӦҲ൱ƯĻȡ
ʺ뻭
ôţлֶ࿴Ұۡ
ҰΪлߵĿһȺ߱ܿŮм䣬ԵúͻҲʱ򣬿лߡ


15 
Ŀ֮Ұƿߡ
żݻصⲻո˵𡣡
Ұ˵£
żݺĽţҲʲôҪ£°볡쿪ʼ˰ɣȹȥ
Ұûͷְ
֮Ĭְ붮Ұ˼
ǿһżݣֿһҰ˼Ƭְ֮һôʣʵţż˵Լĸ顣
䣬ְһ£ֽŲһ䣺Ϊ֤Լ˵滰лȥĸ
|ۣżϵⱾѾɢˡ
ְôһ˵ǹЩʱְִܸһôѵ𣡡
ְżһǰۣʮ¿żһۣķһ䣺ƽʱһ𣿡
żݣ
аɣ⻰ȷʵû취
ǡ
żݾԼбҪǿһ㣺鸹
ò˶ã£Ҿͻ˿鸹
ԲòϾ¹˵ϣ
ҪǣôŮǰ
ôš
ʵϣżȴʶлһۡ
оżĿлߣ
л߶һ˲漴˵͡
żһ
ͳл仰һ£˿鸹
ڷ򳡵·ϣҰƳΪлߵĻЦżݣһ䣺лߣɢģ
żݽŲһ٣ʣ𣿡
Ұۣһ䡰Цˡͻص򳡡
ֻǲ֪ΪΣϰ볡ûжٸɾҰ°볡ر͡
Ȼơ
ȳֳθټ൱ļɡ°볡ϼǳֳһ浹ơ
ĩüС̾ҰҲ̫˰ɣ
ȷʵĳɼеϧһרɼкĻεĳɼôҲںá
Ҳô˵ÿ˵ѡͬ˵Ұ׼տˡ
ҲԣҰڻ滭Ϻһֱͦ츳
⼸˵䣬ҰżѾ򳡣ſ̨·ǼԻ·Ϣȥ
ϱˮʪЩģҰòڣֻ»ٰϵĺȫɾ
ͬһʱ̣ߡ
Ůлߡ
˵иһëġ
ͷ϶̵ǸŮͷһԼлëģ漴̧ͷһлߣԥƬ̺󣬻ǿ˿ڣǸǡ
ƺôǣü΢š
ʱлߵΧְǡ
ŮںְŮȻȻҲȫ
Ů΢˫˵Уʱˡ
ֱԵǸŮһŮֱ̧ۣۣ˵ȫİתУܲ鷳ȥһõëģҰոսȥǸ
Ů˵⻰֮ҲЩ
֮ԻѡµлѰһΪǱͶתУر棬볢Է
ҲҪһ㡣
Ǿʳõʱ򣬿лߺҰżԾһԷҿżݺԾݵӣƺлߺ顣
гϢǻżݻߵлߣôǺл߱Ƚӡ
ΪЩ֣ǲžл߰æ
Ҳ֪л߻᲻ͬ⡣
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лߴӵվһԼĿӣ㳯ſ̨мǸȥ
лڵλã䲢ǺԶ
ߵſڵʱ򣬷ڿģûйϡ
лһţûлӦֻԼ˵
лһ¡
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л򴽣һ룬δԥģֱƿ˽ȥ
һȥͿ˸ҲǱߣµˡ
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żһͫ˲ôͻȻˣ˵ţӭл߿Ŀ󣬶ʱЩҵİ·ɶʲô
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ǰµʱΪµڵл߿òǺֻɼǿĸ
£Ұºӭл߱㽫Ұϰһš
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лߵһ˿Ұģص뷨
л˼䣬ҰѾøëϵĺˮΪⷿ䲢ûϴԡĵطҲֻʱ
Ұ֮󣬼л߻Լһ۰봹ţһ˼ģ
΢΢üһ䣬ÿɻ⣿
лߵͷͦõġشĺ̹Ȼ
һԵżлߵشЩͷԣͦõģ
ʲô˼
Ұһлߡ
Ұȳߵлǰͣ˾лֻаֱ۾λá
лߵĸʵһ׾żҰǰһԱȣݵԵЩСֻˡ
ҰϵӰлߵϡ
·лˣԼϢ
л߲ûΪҰĿˣֻ̧Ұ۾ѯҰǺ⡣
Ұлߵ۾
ƯһڵƹӰ£͸һЩ״ұС
Ұע⵽Էβ·һŲԵĺɫ룬ɫǳȴֺġÿˣ׾ͽϵͲֿ
Ұ뵽ʳʱżпƬ
һƬֲλãҲһСС롣
ɫǳǳģ׺ǰƤϡ
վҰżݣҰ˵ǶȵԵʣʹ޷Ǹʲô̽ԵĺһҰ磿
Ұżݵ˼
һ룬ۣڵͫиֳһ˿ԼζСɵģΪǲҲҿͲµ


16 
˵⻰ʱƺΪлøƺΪ˽лͲµٿøҰǰԼߺлߵ۾ͬһ߶ȡ
Ϊƣ֮ľһЩ
ʱ˫·˱˴խĿռ
Ұлߣл߻ش
л߻Ұ˼ʲô
˭ûƿߡ
ע⵽ΧƺԽԽżݣлߺҰ
һ۱ҰͦεӰӰµлߣֿһۻ¶ɢһɢ֮ҰֻĶЩ̫Ծ
ôоķչԽԽˡ
żݵ˼Щҡ
Ŀ˼£ɢ˵ע
Ȼ˼Ұл߶ûһⶼû
żݣס
żݶʱЩơ
ԼǱ˳ˣ
żݵ˫һ£׼˵л߾ʱ˿ڡ
ĿҰϣ˵ҵ׳ɶ㿴ˣһ
Ұü
лһֱ̹Ȼ˵
Ұһ˲ЩûӦл⻰˼
һԵżҲʮ־ȵʵҰͲʣ
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ͬʱĿһҲܻġҰϹ۲š
ӳĺܰһֺСлߵĿ޺ֱףﲻκ컡
˵ǿޣ˵һֱ۳
Ұû˵лߣ΢Щ΢
л߲ûҰ仯Ǽ˵岻ֻǻֽϻͿֱԼɫ׺ϰӦûֳǳѵС
ϣе˹ƹ𡢺ƻȴءұׯϲð
л̧Ұϴ绬
ƽ￴ʱƽǼһ˿кܴͣ⣬ƺΪŻӡ
ҰлŪöЩȡ
һθоһ΢Ĳڡ
ҰҲû뵽л߻ͻȻôһ
͸ˡ
Ұ˵лƬ̣ǾҪһ𣿡
Ұһվֱ崹ۿлߣʣһͬ⣿
л߶ˡ
¶ûˡ
л߾Щϧ
ϾҰúܺá
ôţлֿҰۡ
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ֻ뿪ʱ·ٶȱƽʱ˼֡
л߻ͷһҰ߳ȥıӰ֪뵽ʲô΢΢һĨȣЦһ
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л߿ʱż򴽣Ƭ̺˵Ҫһң
лԣ´һżݣ漴ҡͷ㲻С
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ΪģֻΪΪ˵ϣ
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ְЩʵѧѧڻһ𣿡
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ְӹǿɲ˭᲻ϲѧ˰
л߿ְְһκְ֣͸һּǳЦ⡣
ְӦһ
лϲζ𣿡
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ְû˵
лʣζأ
ְ
ְԵ£лߴ·ڴһǣݵְǰ
ְЩ㶵ģһ߽ӹһȷϵǸҵ𣿡
лߣϲ𣿡
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ְԼգңЩܲˣ
û
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ְͻȻʼлߵǻͲʵģ¶ԭЩ˺ĵ۾ְԼȻ졣
ġ
ǵı置ɫ


17 
Դл̳֮ٴռҳ
ӻʱƶϣЩˣʮа˾պһͬεѧ
ա
ʮңһ̾ŵӣۿɼٶȳ̳ҳš
[Уps񣡻ԭתУݣ]
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ŵĸһֺƬ
ƿǣĵתУĲգȻЩԶӦòӰps
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תУѧУϿյڣѾ졣
ʱ䣬ǵûóָеѧǶתУݵ̽ˣԽ
ÿ˶δ֪»ˣһȻ֪
𲻹ǳ̶ȵǳ
ָеѧԽǷֱ治תУݣԽҪһ̽
ҲΪˣһ֮󣬲Żڶ̶̰Сʱ֮ڣ˽һ˰ٶظ
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ΪûһȷķΧ
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⼸յʱ˷˲¡
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˵Ϊûͬһ¡
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֮⣬˳ְһйתУл߸ϢҲһɾˡ
Щµ㿪ppt
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Ϊ꣬ԽУȻҪñ¡ءУ쵼Ǳ߰УĲ߻½űȻҪⳡУá
̨ЧЩУȻٲ˽Ŀݡ
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УĻʱһ죬һĿ
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귽Ⱥ˸ίԱ
ڵڶڿεĿμʱ䣬żҰԵĿλϡ
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żݽ˫ַϣǰҲǰблߣлߣѹлߵ֡
л߲бżݣʾż¿˵
żҲīֱ⣺ö඼ܸ裬ûⷽس
лûлشķʣʲô
żʵ˵ⲻΪ¾ʮУÿ඼һĿ꣬Ҫ
˵⣬żݶлգգۣϸֳһĨڴ
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л߻˲䣬Ϊͬļ߮ԭϰ֣Ҳ΢ɲͣһ¡
ż͵ͷ˼ǰ꣬ǰΪԭ򶼲Ը̨ݣҲ˷ʱ䡣
ΪίԱżݣֻӲͷƤԼϣһβġ˧衱
ʵҲżݲ볪裬Ҫȫȫĳ裬ĻҪôһЩ
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˵һƽɼжߣУϱݵĽĿжá
УݣõģһĽĿ
˵䲻ģһĽĿһġ
ΪίԱżҲܳ
ڣ겻һˡ
лߡ
Ȼ˿л߻ûлش⣬żһҲɣл߿϶سϵġ


18 
ǰӲͷƤѼϼҲͰˡ
żҲٹ¾սˡ
ƱҪþһз˵л߲μӡ
żһֺǿҵֱУл߲μӣǸһԲǽĿõİ༶
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л߱żŪһ㼦Ƥ񣬡ú˵
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лķʣ㶼ûһش𣬾Ҳμӣ
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żݰĻлߵ۾϶Ҳܸ裬䣬л˵żݾȷƵԼشԼԵģ
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˵żݿлߵҲÿͰСлͬѧóʲô
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ֽ֮˵ӦݵĻҲѧӦҲڴġ


19 
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20 
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л߳鵽һ˯һĻӦþͺпܿлߵݡ


21 
żݿһۣô棿
³λһۣѵ棿˵ѧУ,аٷ֮ʮѧлߵʮֺ档
³θɴѷ˵˳Ҫǳ鵽лסһ񣬾кܴԿ
żݻһ䣺˭֪ء䣬תͷҰ,˳˵˵ǰҰ硣
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żݸҿ϶,ͳ³εĶԻҰˡ
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ڽһЩУ̵ʱ,ʱʱŴͳķ򣬺ڹעѧ
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лߣڳ￴ԷܣҰôһϸЩСֻ꣬Ȼݵ֡
־Ͷ֮䣬¶͹ԣһʢҰõ壬ŷĴ̣ȴޱ޺ҫۡ
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ŷſһĻ뵽лڵһѧʱҲʶϣüͷʱ΢ɲһ£ŵĴҲһӲ֮С

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ߵѧ½½תѣм˸Щ˷ܵĳŴ⿴ȥ
Ϊÿ꼶εص㶼ǲͬģԸ꼶ѧǣȻ޷ǰȥεĸһ͸߶꼶ѧУ֪꼶εص㡣
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бСУ˺Ƥ
лʪСееˣŲſʼƤ
Ȼڿеʱл߻ǱӷĴ||Ѭ۾
Եˮлߵۿûסһ硣
һ룬л̷УҪֱĹؽڲ۾ȴҰץס󣬡ûá
лߵͷѬֱգ۾
ҰĬһ˲лֱ
лߵ۾ѬЩʱòˣԵˮκλģ
£Ҳûٶ˵ʲôҰߡ
Ұл֮תȥԼıҸʪֽʪֽȫº޴|Եġ
ܿ죬ҰóʪֽߵлߵǰʵҰԼ
л˵ɡ䣬л̧߱
лߵһߣҰһ׾żʮ׵Ĳ࣬ҰǶȽлߵ沿
ΪѬᣬлڵĽëմȾžӨỨ
ĽëŨ˳Ө͸棬ЩʪġƤ΢΢ʱ˾ī
еĺ߲ݡ
ôţ˲ԾĲһָ֣ܱյĻϡȥḧŪĸо
л߱۾֪ҰĶоҰûж̽ԵĺһҰ͸һĨɻ΢΢βץ˶Ĥ
Ұţڵؿлߡ
⻹лߵһκ֡
Ǵӱ˿֣˿лߵĿȴĪһֲһĸо
ҰЦһ˲漴ָ̧֣лߵ򥣬𶯡ͳһ˵һ߸΢΢ƫͷлߣʪֻֽ֣лߵ۾
ҰĶᣬҲСġ
սľ֮ĺһ
Ұִлߵŵһɺرζ
ζܵӿıǼ⡣
ҰлŽߵԭɫʻҵͲʣ¾ȻҲ˳
һһĲлߵ飬ԷҲɵַ·ȫĶĸоҰһַǳ΢
лߺڳлȣһĵװ˵еķâ¶
뵽⣬ҰЦһǹһĨԵĻȡ
ĳ겻Ȼǰ置ʱôεĴͱ
лҰЦ΢΢šüһ䣺Цʲô
Ұصûʲô˵⻰ҰֻһʪֽΪл߲һֻ۾
Ӧò֮Ұ׼л۾ͻȻʱ򣬱һִֻƿˡ
ΪҰǴŰñģڸл߲۾ʱΪñлߣҰƫͷ
ƫͷķ
ӾǶȲͺվˣ󿴳ҰƫͷлߵĶ⡣
ļ߮ӳ۵׵һĻīɫͫ͵룬ſڣǡʲô


22 
߮,κʱҪ䡣
һ˫ڵëӰţ͸ĳֲ
߮ûֻ򵥵ƾǰһĻ,϶ҰлߵĶ⣬ҲĻʵ
վĽǶȣ˵úܽܽ˫,Ҳڱ˴֯||Уʲôɶ޷׷εġ
,Ӧá
߮üͷ,һĪĲʸдͷӿ
΢,ԣȴӲˡ
ʱѾվֱҰͻ۵лͬʱļ߮
ڸۣлߵ۾ﻹδȫɢˮ,Щˮлƫǳͫʵ岨Щٵĺˮ
ۿЩ,۽üҲͬˡ
϶¶ĲƤƯľ¶Ҳһ㱡ɢĺ졣
Ϊ,Ϊĳӿ͸ȻӦ
߮ԾԭҰлʲôļ߮ĵ׵һ˿϶,ȻЩҡˡ
л߲֪߮룬գգ۾߻ָø뵽߮ʻĻصҰڰ
лߵĻû˵ҰͽӹĻһƽ䵭Լ߮˵ʲôӦòҪͬ˵
߮Ĭ۾΢һ£ֱֱĿҰ
Ұ΢΢򥣬ڼ߮£ñµ۾͸һİ
˵Ŀڿײһһ̣˭û˵ȴһֽ֮С
ΪַΧĵˣл߾ûвеĽһ㡣
ֻ߸׼ȷ˵ͻȻùգҲ֪йأȴô⣬ȻȻģͱֵĺƽ
˿̣лעԼ۾Ļָ
ȻһʼֱѬĴ۸Ѿûˣлܸолӷķӣûд۽üɢȥ
ӣӦûҪٹһܳײӰ졣
ڴ֮ǰҪȥϴ֡
лôţ׼ͻȻżݵôվл棿
żֹţҲûҪ߮شֱӾ˹
һ룬Ѿߵ߮Աߵżݣл۾΢ģŲ͵ضסѿھ͵лˣ˭Ūˣ
ͬʱż̾ͽĿתվлԱߵҰҰϵʪֽͣһ˲ʶʲôһ㣬ɴ۾ѵҰ磿
˵⻰Ҳ֪Բʲô˲
żʱԻ·˺ܲһһ˺⡣
Ұ˵ǡȻҰܲżݣ˵һпܻʵס
±żݷ
лҲ˵ҰƤʱ򣬱Ѭ۾
żһȻ
Ұ粻ΪŪл߲Űᣬǵڰæ
ʶҰô˵
żܾûһ㲻ԾﲻԣҲ˵żҲֻֿҰһۣ˵ͷԭˡ
뵽ʣµЩûϴʳģл˵ɡ
лûоֻܾ˵ãҪȥϴ֡
żлߵߵʱÿλá
л߳ȥżݻ뵽ġл΢βͶ⡣֪ΪΣԼĶȻҲһ΢ķ̸С
żԼĶ䣬˿Ұֿ˿ֻ߮΢˼һ룬ͻȥлˡ
ҰһżݵıӰջߣùʪֽӽ
л߷ŵģҰָʶһ¡˿ָϣ·ֲⴥл۽ʱ΢΢ʪĸо

Ұ֮ԭ۵Ѿżˡ
żݽʰлߵֱߣ˵ľܽżϵĶٴһ㣬ͻлߵֱۡ
Ұü˹ȥ
߽ˣżǹԪţСлͬѧ置Ǳߵ꣬ڸɼ˵ʱǲֶһݣ
ǡлڻصһżϵУһ˵һ߰ױѬ
ģżݼţǲѧ֮ģ
ǰɣ峤̵ҡ
峤żЩȣڻ峤ֳƺ
л߽õʳİڷ룺סǸկЩ⣬ΪΡկ桢ĵȶأ
ôһ˵ҼֱˣظկӣʱżԲ˺ܶõĻ棬ǲǾϳ
л߳Ĭһ˵ϵżһۣҪС˵ǵӰԵʵ
䣬л룬ֲһ䣺ϳȵıǰʮͨկӣҲԲܻǼʮǰˮƽ
żЦҾһ˵ĶסկӺܺ档
¶һ˿ڴԺлᣬһҪȥկ￴һˣ˵Ļܽȥ𣿡
лûлش𣬶ƳżݣȤķһ䣬㲻֩붾Щ𣿡
żϵЦһ
л˵ȻկСֻռһС֣ȥĻϵļʻǺܴ󡣡
żݸЦţСлͬѧҡ
лԣЦЦû˵ʲô
żݺϵĿޣЦСͦɰġ
л߶һ£ż΢ЦʱҲܿɰ
żݵЦٴһ뵽һ֩롢߰ЫӰЩٿлⴽǹĻȣ˲Ͳÿɰˣû˵ص
䣬ʹһЦ
żתͷҰЦʲôⴿһ˸еķӦ
Ұû˵ǳ۵ʣлߵһˣȻǲͬżݶ˵ʲô
żݲҾͲ㲻ЫЩֻҪһ뵽ԼƤܻᱻЩƤһ㡣
Ұ˵ȷʵ¡
Ҳż˲һͣͻȻҰϲ˶ǰ껹ԾһȥһЩƫԶյĵطҰӪ
ҰӪȻǼ˲ЫЩ档
żݵĻ˺ĬĬȥ
ʱӦȥҳ³Σֻг³ܺкЩĹ
ҰһϷϵ㣬ֿżݣȥ
۵ϵЩû
ż˵Ұа˾ȥⲻϷ涨μӵˣһ־ͱͣһ𡣡
˵⻰֮żݰеٶȼӿ˼֡
һӿ죬ЩëëţлԼżݲͽҰŲˡ
ʱļ߮ĮƳһлˣһԲϷ㡣
żҡͷ̾ҹȻܲϲͼ߮ദ򴽣̫䵭ˣ˵ıһ...磡żݴ˸磬лӷʴ|ˡ
Ұ磬ʪֽżҰ
Ұóʪֽݹȥ
żݰ۾ӹʪֽ뵽ʲôɤ˵Ұ磬Ҳ¡
Ұ
żݣ
ȻҰ绹ʶǸҰ硣ʲôģǾԲܵġ
ˣҰ磬Ϊʲôл߲ȴҲ
Ұ΢٣ЦЦ˵Ҫ룬Ҳǲԡ
żݸϽ֣ˣ

żߺҰлָֻ֮ǰ״̬
һ˰װСһ˰ϴʳģż֪˭ͻȻ뵽ʲôͼ򵥵ĶԻһ䡣
ң齫ʳͳһʳϣ֮󣬱ȥ˾Ƶ꣬ɾƵʦСϺ
ʱ֡ﳤϵ̫Ʋ£ϼںƽϣƲӳγһƬʮĻơ
ÿ
ȷʵߵĺܲһѧóֻյգ¼¼
Ҵ֪Ϊʲôεĵصѡںˡ
һĻǲǻԼ񵽺ܶƯıǣ
һҪЬˣֱӹš
Ҵ˶̿ã
żǻĲÿ
ְ˵
бְżһȻͰĿתվбǰлߡ
һε΢΢̧ͷעǰƽϵϼյĹϣ·ΪݸȾһ㵭ġǳǳĽ
ϵĲʻͼںϷ置Σǽ置Щ˻ֲֳͬĻռ䡣
˿̵лߣһĻء
һۿȥʱദͷ·Ũīزʵһʡ
ְǰ׼лߣֻ·ռ
żµְ͵|ģ
ְ˸ĵֲ㡣ְлߣѯʵ𣿡лߣл߽⣬ɾ
лߵ˵ͷ
һƬѣ⡣
żݼ״ǰ˵ҿĵġ
ְҵƬ㿪żݿ
ƬлߵĲգżЦĵĿѽְңҪ
ְ΢ΪʲôҪлߵƬ
żݷʣΪʲôҪлߵƬ
ְľ˰
żݳһЦ뱣ͱ˰
ְ۾һУ㲻Ծ
żߣŲԾߴٵϻ㡣
ְ㿪Ļ·ķҵ΢ͼꡣ
żݣĳʮ΢Ƭֱӷ͵ǸսûõСȺ
ϢżݾȵİһȺ㿪Ƭְ㷢Ⱥʲô
ְʵĺãҾӦòҪģټֽ׶ԼҲЩ˵ѡ񲻻ش𡣡
УżˣƬ
һ룬ͻȻ뵽ʲô̾˵Ҳ棬СȺȻһҲû١ҰҲˣϾ硣ƤҰ϶ǻӣǼ߮ȻûȺ
ȻӽСȺ֮󣬼߮ûзһ仰ûȺûˣûˣ
żݾúܲ˼飬ѵΪлߣ
Ƥջءְһ㣬ȻһοĿżݣһ˵һɵӣڷص㡣
żʶ˵˭ɵأ
һ۲ԶڿֻҰֿһվǱߡͬڿֻļ߮Ŀתлߵϣ˼ĵ˵ͷҺеˡ
ְţżݵļ򣬡ɵӣɡ仰ְ֮ȥԼСˡ
ϾѵõĺΣҪúøСôһ

ʱ䲻֪ţҹ𽥸ǰ硣
ҹĺߣֹ
¹ʵɴĴŽʯ
Ǽ˵ģȻ˿żߣȴдÿӦĺţһţĸ˯ĸ
ĳ³˹ִżݵļ򣬿еֺţżѾĲװɣ
ż˵һλãһʲôסһ˵һ߽дõֽСţ˳̯֮ǳ顣
Ұֳһ
ȻżóλʵЩһ٣ˡ
Ұ֮л߽Ҳһ
żݵУʣСֽţ߮Ȼȣ
߮û˵ִСֽһ
ŵ˴ȫƴһġ
ңӦһ塣
ŵżݣеš
Ұ鵽ǶŴλ߮鵽ĺŴλ
лߣŴλλڶźĺŵм䡣
తҰҲతż߮
ʣµһŴλǵڶû½š


23 
ҹʮ,¹ͷƲ㡣
Եĺ潥ڵĵƹҲ½½Ϩ
ںɫ3Сڡ
,˿,ȴֻҰżԼлˡ
½һֱû߮Ϊͼ첿ȥÿˡ
żݴһɫɧĻ,ڴųԼΡͬӵҰԼ˯ڸԾݡ
Դϴƥһ·˶,ֶԷǸаŮװļ֮,ĵżݣӰ֮ÿһΣҰԾ˿ڵʱ򣬾ûҰƥ·ˡ
żݱȽϷķֵԶλͷֵñȽأڴϷʱ,רע
Ȼ,ųԼεż,ȴûƽϷʱ
ָֻĻϻ,ȻڲٿػĽɫʣעʵϷһֱлߡ
л߰мŵϣ΢΢,ֻﲥŵ̽ϡ
ֻĻı仯ĵƹ⣬Ͳʵ,ʹǱɫ޵ɫһֶԱɫȲ
ô˯żֹ
˯ĻлܲܲжϵͲʰɡ
Ͳж֮,лߵֵ׳ʲôģ
żԽȥ룬Խģʵ̫ˡӽճʱ򣬾Ϳʼڴˡ
лߵ٣ÿһܾ£κÿǼССģ沿Ҳ
һĻԲ
żݵ˼άϷƮɢ
һĽ͵ӵˡʱһСİΪѵҰըˡ
ֹˣԾݵɫҲܵӦĲһѪ|ۣżǶԵװɣ
Ծݵ²ϷĶﴫ
Ұֻżݡ
żݵʱһҰڳߣЦ͵ֻֻ˵ţҰϷϷһ¾εİ
ҰĽɫ֮żǿһʱ䣬ſһлߡлߵĿʼֻͣĻϣûעߣżջ̲סˡ
򴽣״һ䣺Слͬѧʲôʱ˯
żݵѯʣڸϷɫ򼱾ȰҰ̧Ƴһֲۣɫɨһлߡ
лûпżݣƤΪδֻ̧ǲĻص˾˯
żݣ
ãЩĳش˵ˣʲôҲû˵
ûһµʱ䣬ǲ֪Էʲôʱ˯
żݳĬ룬һ֮ҲĨˣֱӾһ䣺˯ĻϵͲʻж𣿡
ʳ仰ʱżĪЩźڴ
Ұۣ޳ָĻ״̬⣬ǹעƺϷϡ
л̧Ŀֻﲥŵ̽ƿشżݣ˼һ㣬˳Ũܵ۽գһ£ʵ뿴ҲͲʵʲôģ
żһ˲Ȼû뵽л߻ֱ׵ġͽǱں˵˳
ǼȻл߶ôֱ׵ˣżȻҲŤ͵صͷСƵģ뿴ܺ档
ûʲôóϵġ
żݽʣϵͲʻж𣿡
лһ漴ְĿƻصֻĻϣ̽ϡ
żݣûˣһ£
̽ôÿ
ż촽⶯˵ЩʲôȻδڣһֱδҰĵһ䣺򲻴򣿡
̧żݣʲô̫
żݵͷһֻѾʾʤĻ棬̧ͷһ۲֪ʲôʱŻȥϴлߡ
Ƭ֮żݻصٿһѡһĻҲʮӣлӣӦòֹٿСʱ
Ȼż߹˺ôµʱ䣬ȴû뵽лǱߣһϷտûʮӵʱ򣬾͹ص˶ֻϴƷˡ
żμοٴηĵĽԭϷ˾λֱӿԼһ˴ײ˴
ϣϷĶǱִԾݵ֣лһ³ε
ҰƳۿרĵ㡣
żһ
лϴصӦþܿлߵˡôţżݰѷɢע˻ȫĵͶ뵽ϷС
ҰҰ磬210򣬡żݱ㣬һˣõAWM
ż𳳰Ծ˵ţҰ϶ǿˣ˶ԾҰû
˭֪Ծ⻰˵ֻ꣬һƵǹ죬һ룬ϷʾҰAWMʾ
Ծݣ
żݣ
Ұ̧˵ûԹ
ż˵Ͻһ£ҹ㡣ҰǶӵҪսɲܱɱˡ
Ұһ
䣬һAWMĺǹ죬Ұɫżݸ֮ǰ˷ĺӡ
żݣ
Ծݣ
żݣҰ粻˵õĶһ𣡡
Ұ油̫졣䣬ɫȻķֻȥϴƷˡ
֮Ұ
żݳտһҰ뿪ıӰ۾һתȻ򣺡ǹģ
ʲôԾݣ˵Ұǹģ
ԣϷڣһҵΣҰġ˵⣬żԽ϶ˡ
ƾҰϷ̶ȣþɱֱȼ߮ͻȻ΢ЦҪס
ż뵽ȥϴлߡ
֪ôȥϴˣðű߮۷ֵķգҲҪʱϵ˵ܿлôжͲʵġ
лһ϶Ҫģܹܿݡ
żݸ̾һ漴ƻصϷϡ
ͬʱҰϴƷһ·ϴ㡣
ϴһռȽϴƽƬ̲ڲԵ
ƽɵιͬʴרдҰӪοͣԷοƬ̲õҹޡ
ƽ䡢ϴ䣬ԼҽƷʱ۲ҡ
ƽĿԱһˣЩƫ֣顣ÿһ綼ῪȥʣϾŵһ׼ʱ˯
Ѿٽʮһ㣬Ʋ㽫ͷסֻ΢¹ڵϡ˼ļͼίԱеѧǶʵ
Ұĺһ·ȥƽûһˡ
ϴߣֻлһϴ
Ұ߽ʱлѾжϵͲʣͷˮͷųˮϴ
ϴ̨ǺܸߣΪ˷ϴлǸġڲߵСӱĿСɵηϣ¶ϸѩ׵Ĳྱ
ԭڷ˿ĶҲ¶˳
ߵģ¶ϸ׶⻬ˮ滺ʹмûС
Ұվſڣһͷϴлߣ漴ɨһлܵĿλ󲻼ߵлߵλá
Ұʱл߾˽Ų˭⣬Ȼû̧ͷ
˿̣оվԵλãǡϴյлߣ˳̧ͷԼķȥ
ҰҲڿлߡ
Եлһ̧ͷʱ˵ڿײûͲڵôȫ¶ҰС


24 
Ұڵͫ΢΢һ˲,ΪͻȻײ۵׵ɫ
ǰ置ε꣬һż޵ƴС,°СС,ʮƯ
΢΢һ£һɫǳǳ롣ǡôġΪǱЩ˵,˼޵ġ
ڴ֮ǰ,Ұֹһ,Ҫһ㹻лߵʱͬ䵶ҫۡ
ҰõһĶĿ
ֱ,ڿлݵ,Ȼһֱĸо
Ϊֻһۿȥֻʣ¾޵ݣǺлϵġ
Ұĳ౾ǼΪģƯ֮Ҳ١ô,Ψлߵĺÿ,˲ͣ͡
Ҫлһë,ǴžΪһԣлߵ,ʵǹھˡ
мֺͣü֮·ԴһֻȻɵ
ʱ,ˮлߵϹ䡣
˳ĽëϹˮ顣
۾ҲʪģǱɽȪˮݹ,峺ȴΪ˵,ƽ次
Ƥܰףϸ弫ˣǸոð֦滨
ǼȴЩ,Ⱦĺ졣
۵Ƥ·ֻҪ΢ָĦ£ͻºۼ
̫ˡ
Ұע⵽л۾·λãһɫͲʡ
һ룬֣ȻĨȥһĨ졣
Ĩȥ֮󣬿ָϵͲʣҰȻʶľٶ
˵ǻľٶġ
ҰŴëµӰڵͫһ룬īһɫһԼ˼
л߿һҰָϵĺ죬漴ֿ˼ʲôҰ۾΢΢һ¡
ҰлߵĿ⣬һ˲˵ûϴɾڽͷŵΪ
лԣβ΢Ұ˺ü룬һ̲
Ұ򴽣תע㣬մͲʵַڱǼһ£еɰ
ΣлͻȻ
ʲôҰһʱЩû˼
лϵˮգ̧Ƥ˿Ұָ⣺Ͳʡ
Ұһ㶣漴Цô׼˵ҵģأûл߶˵Ļ
лҲЦ׺һ
ûɫʿŵͲΪڵЩĵͣһЦתĳ鶯ĽұУҰ뵽Ǽ֡ƻġ
Ҳһ˲䣬Ұãлһ飬ĻӦ
л߲û
ܾҵˣҲʵڶ顣лһ赭дĿ˵
šҰջߣ˵Щʧ仹Ǳʲô
ͬһʱ̣ߡ
Ϸżݣķ˿лߺҰûлļֻҪȥ
ŸովûЬļ߮ʹ˽
߮һлߺҰĿմλͦüͷ΢壬ĿҲһ˲ȥƵĿشְ̧ѵƹصˡ
û˵ݵ˲һƬڰ΢¹⣬ֻܿĹΡ
żݿһֻʾʱ䣬²һ䣺׼ϨƣһֶС
˵ţֻĹ⣬׼Ь
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ΪһˣҰԾĽˡ
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ŴλҰһ׾żĴ˯ⵥ˴ϣ˫ȶ첻ֱֻ΢΢ϥ
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¹ѾȫҹûҲûһ˿
խĿռֻлǳǳĺżǲǺԵĺ
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Ҫ˼άҡ
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ڴʱ˿̣ΪʲôûôԼҲ˵
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˫һͲ䵽ҰĶ
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25 
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սлᣬȻ߹ȥһЩΧ۵ѧǿԵǿӲķֿлߺҰյ֮֡߬лߵһͬ˱лߺҰ˵ѧУ̸
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26 
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ںлԺ֣Ժֳ︡Ǹͷ׷ˡ
ڸԺġ
ԺǸԺԺչˡ֮󣬾סԺǰЩӣл߻Ű㵽Ժ̼Ρ
л߶λ̵ӡܺãԷһλܺͰҲܰЦˣл߼θŰȥʱлǡ
˵ԼŮһϲζǹٵҲԼŮ۾ֱǴһģ̳ġ
֮л߲Ŵ֪ԺŮŮԺģǰǳĲΪһȥˡ
̼֮ܵԺսݣһǰֻմȻǺأҲѵģżǻǲ壬߶ԼŮϵ֡
ҽԺָв̫ԶƽʱĻžͰСʱ
°ĸ߷ڣԼտ߽ǵҽԺʱѾʮ֮ˡ
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Ϊ´ŵԺڲѯҽԺ
ڼ䣬л߾͹ԹԵԱߵİϣš
λ˵ֹۣˤ֮˵ͷ֮ѵ١
оڲİϸѾڼɢҲʺٶֻܿҩ֤ڲʱôܣõĻܻһҡ
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ҽ˵ͷȽȥɣȲ˾ͺ˵˵ǻӦûѵģѵʱ̫ܲá
ŵע֮ҽһԱߵлߣת뿪ˡ
л߸λ߽˲
ŲɫҰ׵ԺһֱѹֵЩסˣǱշţǾ˵ϡ
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շļο
ʱϵԺӻ˯л磬۾΢΢һ䣬ȻͷԻѵġ
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պл߶Ա߰š
ԺͻȻл̧̧֡
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л߽ӹǣ̧Ժллл̡ЦúܹԣҲССĻɫЦݶ¶
ԺҲЦˣƻлߵķ˿˵˾̫ˡ
̫˭֪ԺŮڵлߣȻȻȷԼλѹûκϵ䣬ּûκѪԵûκϵҲƵĴڡ
Ⲣ֡
ټϻ϶ϲǣһԭļӳ£ԺתЧӦǱĬĽԼŮĳЩϺţʶķŴǵ֮Ҳͬ֡

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ʻλӳڵĺӾлߣԥҪ˵ʲôǺüλߣ˻ȥ
лȻѾϰͶŵϵĿ⣬Ҳ⡣ⲢԱ˵߲
ͺñȴ˿̣ȻͷϵǷȴбǰߡ
㣬ʲô˵ģֱ˵ɡ
ҡտ˸ڣûм˵ȥСȰæһ£·κһϣܶöԷǳΪѡ
պ˽磬˷ɫԥ뵽ҽԺʱԺлߵĿ⣬㽫С˵Ļµ˸߰ˡ
˽磬ȻҲ˽лߣն˵ֱ˵ɣ۽ΣСȶ
ԣա
ն˵ͷ
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˵⣬ͣĻʵЩ˵ڣԣ°һ㣬ȥСȰæ
СΪѡ
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һ£Щ⣬û뵽л߻ôֱӾͲµ뷨ǺܿЦЦҲԣСȱһʮִĺӡ
˵֪˵һΪѵ£㲻á
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绹ЩţĿ𣿡
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綢л߿ãϺϵ˵Сȣлл㡣
л߽еǷŵԼİлҵĻʹȥСϺ
Цá
ʱһֱл˵껰գЦſڣǲζʱʮֿ꣬ԼСȴŮװˣ
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˲ͱ˺ģǺأ
մӳںӾƳлһۣСһЦİǼСһ١


27 
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ЦŵͷԭΪԺĲЩغͶƵ,Ҳת࣬Զ,Сˡ
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ܶʱȷĹ涨,ǻָеʱ,ûٱǹ
л߼ǵڳָеʱǼͼ첿ĲصûСڳָû,㡣ǴδܣҲǼԼġ
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л߾ʰǵһ٣ֵá
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УҪһЩл߷ǳ׼˵Լߣ177.35cm
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СʱСͺܾ£ССɣƤ۵껭ޣϲ
ϲСЩСкҲϲΧСȵתԼߵ뵱СȵıߡȲСȡ
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ἰߣ뵽춼ĻϵͳѧҰǰҰӦһ׾壬Ұɡ
лߺ˵һ᳤ߵġ
ոԶԣʮ꣬߿϶ҪǡȻҺȥ·
꣬һĲ˾䣺ţŮװ
㣬Щ˷ܡ
𣬡ǳЦҲû취Ҫ̫ڴ㴩Ůװˡ
л߳ĬͻȻһֵӵĸо
Ҫ˵ڣҲڡԼӦ£Լľڡ

ͬһʱ̣һߡ
ֻĵַŵҽԺļ߮һ·ӿŲʮһ¥302
ֻͣ΢Ž
Ϸעŷ˵֡Ժ
һϢλůԺԺ
Ϊ߮ڿϢʱھԵת֡
Ժ߮ǹⲻ˵ԺҪѾ˸ԺҲԼҲԽԽãԺŲΪԼ¶ŵǡ

˵ʲô򲻴ţʱˣȥԺǾ˶ԷĶ顣

ҶƮ䣬ʱúܿ졣
лͬλȥԺѾȥ졣
ԴһգлڳϴӦԺŮݣȥԺ֮λ⼸һпգͻɫʺߺ͵Ůװ
ĩһ磬컹ûȫڹԢ˯лߣͱյһ绰ˡ
ӵ绰Ƕ˴
СȣҺʮ֮͵Ԣˡ
ел߰۾̵Ļһš
Ǳ߹绰֮󣬻ЩԺлߣһֻĻʾʱ䣬ʮ֡
Ϊʲôô
ȻѾȾ˵ǽȥԺ
Լõʱ䲻ʮ𡭡
ЩССлɢͷ󽫱ӵıԵֱԼͷһ֣ܾ罻Ƶģ˶ů͵ı
ֱһ˱ñԴ˲лߵĶ֮л߲Žƿ¶Ϊ˯Щȱ΢΢ա

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˵ֻϴˣͷ·ЩȲҪŪ
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л߻һϺá
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л̧˳Ũܵĺɫ۽գգһ䣺Щģ͸һ˯ʱ΢ɳƣĺ硭
Ҳ߹лԱߣ΢΢һЦΪҪ㻭ÿʺϵױݡ
лһҲٶ˵ˡ
֪Ůһ㻯ױܾãΪ̺ܾϸҲܸӽͲʣӾ¡
лһĹģΪϴĦյʱ˺졣
Դ˿ǰ׾͸΢΢ķۣͷҲЩ۷۵ġ
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лߵһۣΪ΢΢Գ˼ֹ˵ұ
ͱͺرлߵϾ͸͸һ޸УӾ
Ժ˵СȵüۺŮơ
ҲǼԺŮϵģϵԸЩȣһλʽΪŮԡ
üǽΪ֣˵оȴŵˮ
Сȸ˵ĸоȫּˡ
žлߵͣŮԵķкһ㡣
ܵļֹС
лڰϵʱܿȻ
ĻֻҪױһ䡣
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Сȵ߱ǱȽ󣬼˵ҲһԵ֮У˾ͻأ
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ټϣҪԵһλ״̬ȶˡЩϸڣҪ
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Ϊл͵ʱȥ֮͡ߣҲлױκˣˣھֻͿһɫ͸Ŀںˡ
սõͶ˳һ߷ŵһ˵ȳͰɣŪġ
䣬տлߺߣлߵֱ֮Ӿסˡ
˵ǲǺܺÿ
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ţԽԽڴСȴȹ÷͵ˡ
Ц˵ǿ϶Ƿǳǳǳĺÿ˸ǳ㹻˶лյš
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лߣںڵ㷢ɢķβ΢΢ڿۣԳ˼ֳ졣
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ĿʽԴεĻȣΪ崦ĺܾ΢΢¡Ĳϣǡôסؿڡ
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ȻǼ򵥵ĺɫ֯ȹԼŵױݣлȴһЩԸе
翴Լ˫־ĴлߣſţԼĶЩ΢죬СȣŮͨɱ
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л߿գһʣʲô
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л߿˼һҡͷ˵ա
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СڽϣԻᱻܶ͵Ҫϵʽ˵ţԵգ置կˣô𣿡
ЦšСȵĻرǸ˵꣬һʱ䣬ŵˣóˡ
ȵȡлͻȻ˵
ôˣպͬʱ
лߴԼĴͷóһֱЯС䵶Ȼȹһã䵶б۰һûпϡ
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ЩЩ˵Ȼȹ洩һ̿㣬ҲôͰȹÿ
лȵͷã֪ˡ
ռ״ָһڼҲˣȵ棬һ
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ݿڣлڵȵ֮⣬һߴŵл߼Ϸλõꡣ
괩һɫϵĳƣͷϴһͬǺɫİñƤܰ𪣬¶µ°ͣġ
˿ֻ̣Ŷڸ˭ŵ绰ҽͲȥˣšԣҽԺ׼ȥүү
绰Ƕ˴ʲôһ漴˵ţԣҸ⹫ΧǸҪϴôµ;֡
˵վб󷽵лЩĵĿŵݱԵľӳԼ
ȻСʱ򴩹ŮװҲСʱˡһȹװٻеЩӦ
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ߵĺÿԶԶǰߡ
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ǺÿÿΪʲôһֱ
һҲûΡ
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˵ˣϵˡ½׼˵꣬ҵ˵绰
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һߣ˵֮л߲302Ųȥ
302ڵҲ෽λұߵĵһ䡣
лһ·ߵſڣ̧׼Եһ°ڿţﴫԺЦ
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лߵһ٣΢Ųһ½Ųڿȥ
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ȻֻһӰǴϴ·Լ˵л߻ϳ˶Է˭
С
ΪԭڻҵȻͬ
ǽȥ뿪
лֻ˼Ƭ̣˷š
ˣȻΪһ߮뿪


28 
󷽴,߮ʶͷ˲ſڡһ룬ֻһźɫȹŮˣԺ߻
һò൱ÿŮ,һͷںڵİ볤Ƥ,ɫ˫ɫϵװ£͸һֶɫ
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߮Լúܻ
һɲǼ,ȷȷʵʵ뵽λЩеͬ
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ǺƽЬһҲлһ
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ԺἰԺ뿪Ժ֮һλʮСŮȡΪϡ
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ĺ
ͦǼСɣ˫УСɵĴ飬˵¶СлЩơ
߮ûплͲµʲôģ£Ŷˣ߮һ£лϵĲʻ涼ж֮ǲҲ˵֡һۿȥͻ˾þ̵Ư
ҲԣлߵĻ
ҲһЩ
ȡȿȡԺĿ˼߮˼
ΪԺˮϣ߮žԼȻڲ֪䣬ŶԷá
ŽԷ٣лߵĳֶԱȣֻΪԭлߵݡ
̫ʧˡ
߮ҷʡš
ͬʱҲȻʶԼлߵӡȻ̣Էʲôͣ۾·־峤ʲôλãǵ
߮ʱЩӡ
һûʲô仯˿̫
л߸Ժˮ֮ùֽԼһ
ԺѵСϣ߮Ҳһ
лһóһֽ
ˮֽ߮
лл߮ӹֽһл
Ȼһ룬лջֵʱ񲻾лֲĳһļ߮ͻȻһץסлߵ
л߹⻬ϸֱлϸ׵泯ԼڿǿѪܵλôһǳɫС󣬼߮˫΢΢
лü˹˵Էſ𣿡
̧߮ͷǰЦЦĴУһ¾ͱ|
͵ط֣ڶԴһɽ
һѵĿϣҲֳһĨЩ߾ĲҲĪЩȡ
߮촽⶯һ£ҪǸ
Ͼǳʲôԭ򣬾ôֱű˵ֶϸһð
ûпڣԷѾջĿ⣬ֻֽ֣ˮ
ӳŵڣлȷʵЩˡ
˺üڣŷֽ
лߵĴɫͱȽϺ죬ΪͿںʱ򣬲û̫ڴ׷ĶױЧ
ҲΪˣлߵ˫ĴɫֽڴմȾЩԵĴӡ
΢΢µĺɫλȣĳ繵İʾ͸һ˿ܵ|
ڴ֮ǰлߴûͿں졣
ûˮʱ򻹺ãںǻĸʱлȻЩӦǿܽܡ
ںˮ֮ԭĿںǱˮȾһ
֬ˮﻺɢлߵĴӵǡ
˵ʲôζлʶһ£ȾĿ֬˳ɨ˴
|⣬׵ݡԼմˮ֮ԵԽˮ˫
ϵһ𣬱ޡ
ʶĶֱлôȻ͸һն֪ɫ|С
һĻļ߮ɢȥεĶ˷ȵļ
߮ٻķӦ
ԸʹȻǹѵĮģҲϰκ¶Լܵıһƽ侲̬
˿̣Ҳ˵һָо
ֻǰһܺÿҲջ󣬶ӾϵĳͺһƬ绺䵽ؿڣеЩЩİЩӦ
߮˫գһ֮󣬲ȥ˹ˡ
ǸҸղŲġ
лߵ͵͵һΪպˮǳɤԵø̣³һ͸һ΢ɳƺϸᡣ
˵Ķ˵Ȼ˾Ǳһ|ĵʹ
ʣһλˣÿһĶ·˵
һɲǼ䣬֪ΪΣ߮뵽λ置ͬǸϻŲʻ桢ϴεꡣ
Ѿǵڼˡ
߮һ¶ϸ׵ָûںɫĶ鷢֮¡
ԼýϺлԱȡǶϣǶл˵Ǽ䲻òġ
Ȼ֪֪ԺȴǲԾĽϵһ𡣱Ͼ˵ɺϵƵ㣬ʵЩˡ
ʵ˵ڸðʱԺԼŮɣðѿռˡ
ֻǵһ֮뵽ԷϤУ߮ͷ·һڸô뿪
߮˼˺ܶ࣬ɫϣȴԡ
ڵϣŲ˵Ż
忡䣬ǡóȻ廰ţֻԺʵʱ򣬲Żشһ䡣
̬ϣһ˿
лߵʱʮʮҡ
һʱ䣬ѾʮһˡտԺĻ߽ǰ÷У׼ȥ¥´רʺϲ˳Ե嵭Ӫˡ
л߳ԲӪͣȥ緹
ԺЦе˵Сϣͼ߮һɡ
лԣ˼߮һۡ
߮΢΢һ£ȻԺ˵绹£һ׼ȥˡ֮ǲ⸽Էˡ
л߳˲һ·ȥݡ
㣬Ϊٽ磬򷹵Ĵ򷹣ȥԷĳԷÿһȵݵ˶Ƚ϶ࡣ
лߵͷһԼһţɨһΧ⼸һȵݣȴʱʱˡ
ڵ½ʮĲ㣬ƵȻݿˣҲǱȽӵټһ֣ӵҲʮ֮
лţ½һ㡣
ű򿪣Ϊ˶ԵխӵĿռ䣬лԱߵļ갢̻ȥ֮ʣվĿռ͸Сˡ
л߳Ĭ룬˾ݲԶ¥ݿڡ
ʮ㡣
¥ݣлߵĽܷΧ֮ڡ
Ų˽ȥ
һ߽ȥĽŲһ¥ݴ
˸һӵĵݣ
㲻ǸҶܿˣȻ㡭˵Ǻбʶȵôա
Щ졣
л߻Լ
һ룬һܼ򵥵֣ϡ⣬͸ôζ𳳡

л߾ͳˡ
ǡ
ҰΪҴ꣬ͿԴС½׼ںѻһҰɢɢȴקòе̬Ⱦͺ
Ұ̧̧ƤƽĿǣĵĻһ䣺㻹˷Ǹʱ䡣
½׼Ǳ⻰Ūһҭ漴İ˺üñһۣȻᣡӳһ仰֮½׼Ǿͼӿ¥ٶȡ
һ䣬ߵ¥֮ĹսǴʱþͿߵлߡ
½׼һ㶣Ȼû뵽¥֮ǰͬһϵݵŮˣǸ
½׼ǵĻû˵꣬ԭҰͻȻͼӿٶȣӹ֮󣬼ȥֱס˵
½׼ǣ
½׼Щ£ʲôչ
ҰƯʶ
лߵҰôͻȻסҲûˡͷҰü΢΢һʾҰȷ֡
Ұɿ֣лβ·ǿ뿴˼ѹѧżƽﺰлߵĳƺЦЦСлͬѧ
лһҲûбϳĻңɫƽ̲ķһ䣺ôȷҵģ
Ұ֪뵽ʲôǹһĨԵĻȣܺñϡ
һԵ½׼ǣǿ˿Ұֿ˿лߣֿҰʶ
Ұû
лҲֻƳһۣջߡ
ţֲһʼЩ죬ԭΪԷһҰĴơ
ģ¡
½׼ǲ֪л룬˿ֻԼˣ
½׼Ǵӱǻ﷢һߡ
ҰΪڶԵЩͫлߣ׼ȥԷ
л΢΢ͷš̬ƽȻ
ҰлһǳĻӦлߵϡ
һεϴҰڶμлߵݡһǾޣڶΣ˾֮⣬һ΢صļ¡
лվλñһ̨ףټߵĲ࣬ǶȿȥܷǳĿл˳Ľë
ŨܵĺɫһܱյĻߣ¥Ի谵Ĺ£͸˼ʵӰ
л߶ǴǼбʶȵ置ΣͲʵϾֻһزֵֻƤ¶˳
ʱ򣬾Ҳᱻ鷢ס
˿һɫȹлߣ¶ģǽ΢΢ţȾƯ
΢΢ĳȹɼֱȡ
Ŀʽճϵ置ΣŻҪϸ
Ұ֪ӯӯһĳǷл֫˵ĸоֻãԼֻһֻ֣ܽлߵȫס
֪л֮ǰǲǺˮЩˮ˫ϣпںȾҰ뵽ڶԷĨĺɫͲʡ
˫׵Ƥڵĳȹ㷢
лߣ͸һ֪|С
Ұ˵ʲôĸܡ
͸олߣɫޣüȡ
Ǹ߶ݵΣȴΪȹȵĹգЩЩ
ֻ˫۾ܽȫǰ
΢ĸܣҰ˼ά֪Ծķĳֱ仯
Ҳлߵ֪ӵһÿĲ棬ƫƵһ֡ƿԲлߵһֻܷչʵϲǣ֡ӵǵĲϡ


29 
Ƭ̵ʱ, Ұ˺ܶࡣ
ʵкܶʣƩлΪʲôҽԺΪʲôᴩŮװ
, ڶлɫǳɫͫ, Ұֻ˵֣һ𣿡䣬ֲҲ׼ȥԷ
⻰һ˵ڣһԵ½׼Ƕʱɴ۾ǰ, Ұղڲʱ˵ֱӻؼҡ
Ծ
ܲԾ
½׼˵ող˵Ҫֱ
ҰƳһۡ
Ҳô赭дһ, ˲½׼Ǳˡ
½׼ǣ
С
˵
Ҫ˵½׼˭, Ұ
Ҫ˵˭ǻҰ
Ұ, ΪС˼ɡ
СʱǻҰһԺʱûٱҰᡣ
뵽, ½׼ĬĬ²һ, ҰԴС
Ư㣬׺Ұʲôϵ
Ҳ֪ǲĴ, ½׼ܾҰڿ˵񣬺˵ܲһ
ΪҰ˵ʱ, ü֮¶һֲ֪İ, ֮л͸ôһ˿С
СĻ˵, קš
Ұ½׼˵Ǿ۵׵ķâһЩ
ѵҰϲƯ㣿
Ұ, Ļϲϱ
½׼ǺҰϲһ˵ӡ
, תһ, ҰϲĶ˵Ļֲôˡ
Ͼ˳ʵǹֺÿˣһ㣬Ѿκˡ
ôţ½׼ǵ߿ʼҰ˵شתͼ˵￴|ͷ
Ȼûʲô˾һ¥ȥ
½׼̸ȥȵҰҲҪһԷ½׼ô˵ţȴ¥֮󣬱һ绰ˡ
ǰ½׼ǻ˼ĿһҰлߡ
лΪǵڶһҽԺԶҽԺΧ·κͲЩ졣
ҰƺһȽ죬л߸һ·ưƣһСݡ
СӦЩͷˣǽᶼһЩϷдŷƣҲõַǳʽľҡ
Сһֻη߸лߺҰȥʱ򣬾ֻұмһλŮˡ
ҰߵһڲһлߣԼߡ
лߵڲ෽ҰĶ档
ҰϵĲ˵Ƶлǰ
л߿һ۲˵̧ʵ㾭ҳԣ
ҰصСʱںˣ΢΢˶٣Ųһ䣺ҵϰǰǸ⹫ѧΧѧ
šлߵ˵ͷȻڲ˵еһڲƷָһҪлָǳһ
ҰһۣǵлϲʳȥʳĲ˾ŴڵǴŹǡ
лȷʵϲʳĿζʵƫġϲζһˣҲóͳ߲ͻ
Щл߲ͣҲûиҰϸϸ˵ıҪһˣԲϸָ˵㣬Ҫ
ҰЦС
עԭһϣȴԾƫƵл߷ϵָ⡣
ָܾ£ָ͸ŵķۡΪ˵΢΢ָڣһĺÿ
Ұǵҵʱл۹ģ˵ʺϻҰȴãл߲ʺϱģΪһǾ־еġ
ʱСݵϰ˳Ұϰ϶ʱֳһĨĵЦݣҰԵʲô
Ұ
ϰͷϣ䣬һ۱վлߣֿ˿ҰϵЦݸŨˡ
СҰŮѣ
Ұһ㶣ȫûϰĿĴʻ㡣һлߣԷߣƺǵĶԻ֪顣
һŴ磬ûҲ֪ݵ˵ȷʵһλƯŮԡ
Ұصǡ˼룬Եĳ΢ĸо˵ѡ
ϰһһҶ񣬽ȥ֮ǰҰֱۣ˵һ䣺͡
Ұ
ҰصλϣлǸո˵ʲô
ŵעЩ˵ϣûҰϰ˵ǰ仰
Ұл߿룬лԴѯʵ΢΢һ£û˵ʲô
лԣҲٶ˵
ҲֻһʣҰû˵ȥ뷨Ҳ⣬ͷ˵ЩȤĲƷˡ
Ұ΢΢ͷڶлߣĿлβ·Ƶлߵ󴦣ʸ𣿡ĵĿڡ
л̧ͷҰһۣ֪Ҫʲôʡ
ҰôҽԺһš
л˼һ£Եɼ˵˳
Ұ֮󣬲֪ͻȻ뵽ʲôЦһüô˵λ֮⣬ֻҼݣּŮװӣ
л߻һ䣺ǡ
˵ոҽԺ߮Ҳڡ
л⻰һ˵꣬ҰǵĻ˲ɢȥˣֱ˫ǱЩĴߣԳһ߮Ҳڣ
Ӣͦüһ£ЩһŮװ
ˡ
ҰĬֲ˵ˡ
ΪԼرһͻȻ֪һˣ˻ߵļ߮ȻԼһлŮװӡ
Ӧûϳɣ
ûСپĿǰԣ߮ӦǻὫͬлߣȫԵȵһ
лô˵Ұ΢˺ת㡭һڣлߵֻͻȻʱ˼¡
лóֻһ㷢΢Ϣ
ѯΣһǷ˳
лߺܿظϢ̧Ұո˵ʲô
Ұûмδ˵Ļʵ㰢㷢Ϣ
ǣ㡣
𣿡
š
λ£
֤ĺϷ¡л߷ǳϽĻشպ֮Ĺϵ
Ұһǵĺ棬һʰ㣬˵ͬôģ
лԣû̻شҰ⣬ɫͫҰ
Ұлôţ촽΢һ£ĪЩš
ܿ죬͵ڵ봹īɫͫױëµӰȥһ֡
΢Щ档˵ţΪԼһŽ͡
л˼˼룬ص֮ͬమﶼһģûʲô
Ұֻл˵֣ȴ˲Ͷһ˼
΢΢˹ٴЦһ¡
л߿һۡ
ʱϰｫõĳ̳лߺҰǰ
ϰЦе˵ԡ˵֮תȥ÷
лߺܹɵ˵һлл
ϰӦһл˿Ұҿ˿лߣֻĿŶǶԡ
ϰߺл߶Ұ˵⳴ķ̫ˣҳԲꡣ
ҰԼǰĳлǱһ£ֹɡ˵ĺȻ
лҲŤӽԼеĳֵҰ
лߵ̳ȷʵҰ˵ζҲȷʵǺܲ
л߳Ե棬Ϊ̫лߵ۾Եᣬ촽Ҳø
лߵ۾ùˣԵˮۿҰһۿȥֻлߵβڷź졣
ָоͺǱָĦ֮Żµĺۼ
̫ˡ
Ұһָܡ
ȻĽֻǵ˵л߱ʡ
Ұûǣ˵񶼻ļǵãǸƯ֣ĸ˴úм֮ġ
ƯСõ壬ҲǷĿĵ
Ǹ鱾ϣΪĺ౦ɴǵˡ


30 
ϡ
صҵҰ, һΡ
һģӰԷģҲԷ
ֻͨĴԷһθϸˡ˿ƮɢϢúϤָûԷķ˿, ˳ķ˿
ɫķ˿, Ҳϸָϣܲɷ֡
ºȣ˾ǰů¯һ, ȡϵ¶ȡ
ů˻ˡ
ԼȴЩ, Щɬ, Щ
ûԷ˿֣ҲԾս
, ˡ
峿ĵһӴҰ, Ӵ
ͷ, ַԼĶͷϣӰ
ģ塣
ʱ, һ죬͸żԼĿ, һ, Ȧϵײ, Żᷢġ
εлߣ
ҰɫĪ
̧ͷһǽϹӵʱ䣬漴ִԼ˯Щҵ鷢ĵȴǹɷӦȥ
һ
Ȼտ·, һĻǱҪȥѧУ
ҰȥѧУϿ, ˵˵, һ˷ʱ¡ڣ뵽ǰлߣͻȻ־úȥϿҲôˡ

ָеУſڡ
ͼ첿ļͼίԱǺߣʼм顣
߮Ǽ۵һ
ѧУĻᣬѵ˿ʵȴеĲɡ
лҲǿѧУŵĵ㣬ѧУ
߮Ŀ⣬лֿ߳ʼһֱϣ͸ĳԼӺ˼
ֱлߴУң߮ջߡ
վڼ߮ԱߵĸܳЩĿ߮쿴ôֵֹġ
߮һ£Ƴ
ܳе֡һһֱлߡ
ܳû˵
߮΢΢򴽣Ļһ䣺ֻһ顣
ףܳһ˲ЩȤż߮飿Ǻлй𣿡
߮뵽ҽԺϣֿһл뿪ıӰҡһͷ֮󣬶һܳ˵úü飬̫ࡣ
߮ô˵ܳҲԼʲȻˣðɡ˵ţҲһлߵıӰ̾һ£ѧһˣÿοתУǻúܾ档
ڻᾪľԭ
Ϊ۵ķΣֻΪԷɫŨҵĲʻ档
֮һ仰лһЩЩرĴڡֻҪڵĵطͻ˵ĿⲻԾͣϡ

ϰʱ¿ľʱ䡣
лڽ˸ѧУǼ죬ΪѼĺ֢Ͽεʱ˯⣬ͺ˺ܶࡣ
ҲǿԴÿһڿΡ
¿ĻӦܼ
лԼȻôţΪർȴƺЩĳɼ
翴л֮ǰûϵͳԵϹѧȻ˵ڿʦרŽſѧһңлֱӲμѶ߿¿ٻЩϡ
лߵ⣬ʱֻҪͶһѧڣҲͬͬѧμӸ߿
лѧǰ༶һӡ
δȷǰ£ϣлܸϰ༶ƽȵġ
ȻиҪһǣΪһİΣ粢뿴Լ༶ѧƽ֣ԭеĻٱ͵
ôţ翴һлߣֿһΪлͬļ߮Щ˼
ϡ
ڽ̨Ϸġ
Դÿһڿεļ߮ȴڿˡ
ԺǲԾĸֳҽԺǸŮˡǲԾĽԷͬлŶԱȡ
۾˫롣
ԽǶԱȣԽǾơ
ҽԺ뿪֮΢ѯԺйϵ¡ȻҲ֪ǳʲôԭ򣬶Էûи͸¶̫࣬ЩشҲģɡ
ԭֻǱһʵ̬ûн̫ϡΪԺЩģ̬ȣˡ
ֱпʲô
ִɰʵ׵ԸȻɻҲûٴԺ
ֻܽĳԼĻʱѹĵס
Уſڣлߵʱ򣬱ѹĵ׵ָоһӿ˳
лߡ
ϡ
߮Ĭ֣һԣһŮԣ߮ȴһָýǻϵȺŵĸо
ٵͶȺͷУߣºϵ룬˵ȫǺϡ
ôţ߽߮ӿαϵƫƣתԱλлߡһֲԡҲױĽǶȣ۲лߡ
лߡ
Լо߮ϡ߸׼ȷ˵
ȷʲô
л߿Լñʵ֣ҽԺʱݸֽ߮ʱ߮ͻȻסķӦʱ˲²⡣
ͨϵϣ
лţ󷽵ҰͻȻʱ˵һ䣬ѧϿξȻҲ᲻棿
⻰ȻڶԼ߮˵͸ôɢɢĸоԼɴǵͳԵɤһ˿΢֮⡣
߮ձʵ΢΢һ£ûлӦҰû⿴ͬлߡ
ҰԼĻãһл֮Ҳջߡ
ĿζҰ˵пĵġ
һŵֻ֣ЩڶԲĴߡ
Ϊ˸Լҵʱ䣬Ұѱӷһҳֽӵ¶ûӡϸӵĴ׵һ档
ԶǦʣԭ뻭ǰԼעĻ滭һ±֮Ī뵽ͬһԳлߡ
뵽лΪ˳۾Եˮ׺棬βӺѲס
Ұ̧һǰĵˡ
漴ֵͷ
ܿ죬ֽϳһ˵Qлߡ
ΪͻᣬҰԲԲĴ۾ϻ˺üỨ
ͰͣŴŴ
ƺǾûҰֽŽQлߵǸСӣ⻭
ɰ
Ұջߣٴοǰˡ
뵽ʲôQлߵԱ߻һQԼ
ñ·Сһõʲĵ
õ壬лߡ
лߡ
뵽⣬ҰĴ΢΢һ£̧ͷԼǰꡣ
Ŀ䵽лϸĺڷϡ
֪ôģҰ뵽ʱָûڷЩϸķ˿סĸо
Ұͬһŵżݣע⵽ҰĲͬѰһɺĿҰֿ˿Ұǰлߣüͷ΢΢
ôãԼǴʲô
ż˼ţ̨ϵ͵żݣһķһ¡
żݣ
ǣҰҲûɣôʹһ˵㡣ﲻ鲻Ըģżݻʵվʼġ
¿֮żݶߵҰԱߵĿλ£Ұ磬ڿϻʲô
Ұûش𣬲̲ķһ䣺ʲôʱһʲôȤˣ
żЦ˵ⲻΪ㱨࣬Թһ𡣡
Ұ̧̧Ƥ˵ص㡣
ðɣصǺѧ֮ǳָڵһӦ֪ɣǰ͸㷢Ϣ
Ұʲô
żݶҰһɫӣҰ磬εغǳָеҲӵһӣȻֻǹ˸ҪĹؼʱ̣㡭
ҰҲμӣ
ż͵ͷ
ǸеȻˮƽǺǿǶһСǰرǽм裬ùٽǹҶӵԤѡԱ
裬ȥΪԭȱϯУǳ߻ʤˡ
һż˵μӣбҪҰϡϾҰӸߣȻƣټַǳ涼ã粽ͶʱֱҪ̫׼
Ұڣǳָлʤļʻ
һ仰˵ҪУϣҰϣôһѵԴ˷ѣżݶԼ䵱ӵĶӳ
Ұ磬磬Ųʱ䣿
С
ҰӦżҲȵˡ
ǰ͸ҰᵽҰǱһֱûиӦһʣѾҪһ׼û뵽Ұôͬˡ
Ұܺޣ
żֿҰһۡ
ٴȷˣҰȷʵܺá
ˣżתбǰлߣСлͬѧ
лת
żüһ䣬Цѧ֮п
ҰҲлߡ
лûֱͬ⣬ҲûֱӾܾһ䣺
ȥУǳ֣Ļڸǡ
ż˵꣬л΢΢ƺ˼л߻ֱӾֽܾŲһ䣺ǸǳֲԶ͹֡
ְͼ߮ҲȥְΪѧУӣҰӦҪμӣְȻҲȥ
ڼ߮
żݿһۼ߮ĺס
߮Ϊָеļͼ첿ֹغУҪָߵļɣȷѧУ֮ⳡڡгѰķΧ½С
ϾֺеѧرӵĶԱǣ˳ۣҲһˡ
żٴʵСлͬѧ𣿡
л߻˼
ʱһֱĬҰ˹˵һ䣺ǵУſһ̲̲裬ζͦ
лɫһ١
żݿһԱߵҰֿһлߡ
ܿ췴ӦĸԶԶԣҰ˵û
Ǳߣȷʵһ̲̲ζޣǸԲࣣQֺóԣ
л˫˵ЩĶˡ
ϸһ£ҪȥԼᣬѧ֮󣬻صҾֻһˡҲֻͨʱ䡣
ȥ֮Ҳһѡ
˳һ̲̲衣
ôԺлߵ˵ͷ
żݼ״л߻ᷴһЦǾô˵ˣʱѹλá
룬˵ѧԺְһҺҰҪȹȥ
лɫһ漴ת˻ȥ
żݿҰҰ磬Ҫȥ𣿡
Ұȥ
żݣ翪ڣϸ֣
Ұ˾䣺С
żˣҲٴȷˣҰȷʵǺܺáͳɾûĻżݾԼһλ
ʱԽû⣬ƫƫⷢ
ԴǸ߶һλŮ
ʱ䣬硣
һҵʱһģŮ˸һĽſڡ
ʱżҰԱߵĿλϣմ򿪳ԼΣҰԾݣڽſںлߵ֡
ϸǸŮ
Ϊл߱رԣټʱϢʱ䡣
ԵлߵͻȻ˺֮󣬴ڽѧǣͬʱվſڵŮ
о˵߶ԼϣŵնʱЩȣû˶ǹٴκһлߣܳһ𣿡
лߵļԺܺãһ۾ϳ˽ſڵŮڳﱻѧУš
ŴߣЩ죬л߾Ĭ֮վſڡ
Լٳȥһ㣬ŮܻΪ߶ԽԽ졣
յ˿ʼϷƥλżݣĿлƶתſڵŮϡ
ôŮʮ죿
ƤƤгһ򵥵β衣
ԽԽ졣

żݻţƫͷҰҰ磬ŮĻû˵꣬ڷҰſǹרע󣬶סˣҰ磿
ҰƳ
ڵƽ￴ţ
ż˼㲻Ů𣿡
Ұû˵ֻǽתص˽ſڡ
ʱлѾߵŵǰ
˵һ仰֮ߣл߽󣬺ܿ˵ıӰʧ˽˵С
ҰջĿ⡣
һϡ˿ȴ͸ĳԼлȵŮ
ޣԣҰôһἰżݻȻ򣺡ԶԶԣǸŮŲĴǱ߳ͼ
Ҹոպ񿴵ӣѲ׼͸лߵ䣬ϷͲǱ߾ʹԾݵҰżأ
ԾЩĴߴٵΧȫǽŲϽǹȥ˰
żһע˲䱻ԾأѸٴ򿪶󣬻˾䣺ϣž͵ͷר˳ԼϷ
롣
ҰҲͷԼĻ
޳ָػżλٿϷʡƺƽϷʱûκ𣬶ʵϣֻҪϸһͲѷ֣״̬ʵЩĲɵġ
ոǸŮӦǶ꼶ѧðɣôʶлߵѽûסʼС
֪Үѧóͦġ
ͦ㣬оͦ׺ߵġ
л߻ʲô°
ûпǱף
ȥҰ磡żͻȻһԼǱըϷɫŵ˵ӵôͻȻըˣ
ף
͸ҰԾûԹˡһǹһף
Ұֻ
ޣ
żݲţ촽⶯ţ׼˵ʲôһ룬ϷʾҰĽɫϢ
żݣ
һĻǸϤ
ҡˣ
żݿҰҰô¡
ոһȥǹȻû
Ƕĵ̫ǿҰûָУ
ܲǹȥ͵İɣ
ǹȥ͵ĻϴΪҪȥϴΪʲô
ȵȣ
żݵԺͻȻһҵеĹؼ㡣
ʱл߾ʹӽ˽
ȥʱֿտȣҵлߣ϶ӡ
һЩ͸ģܿװһ̲裬һǴɫģװǳľװʲô
Ұлŵӿ˼룬ֽĿƵлߵϣͼлߵ۾зֱʲô
Ȼֱл߻صǰλãҰûܴƫǳ￴
л߽̲ϣֽһɫӷŽۿл׼˯ˣҰûסָֻ˴лߵĺ󱳡
лת
ҰֱյǶԷϴεĴл
ǰɡ̲ԼǮڴС̨ٸǮĻǶһƬл֮ĵˡ
лߺЩǿյģЩǲաʵġ
˴лûٸ˵ģ
ûСл߿ҰôͻȻ
ʡ
Ұô˵ţлת֮ԭЩƵȴ˲תˡ
Ϊֱ۸ܵҰ仯żݣǿ˿ͬҰֿ˿бǰлߣȷˣȻڵʱҰСлͬѧ֮䣬Ȼǻʲô¡


31 
ʱһζ
, л߸ѧУżݾܹ˷ѧ֮
ָǰУǸȻûгֵʷԶ, ޽ûĸУ, ҲѧУ
ֺѧУúֵֻܽľ롣
ѧУһֱǻྺĹϵѧԵķϣ, Ҫߵ͡
, һһ, ֻѧУеһС
ȻֻһС, У쵼̬ʱ̸еѧǶǱȽϿغġ
Ͼƽ, ۸ж²ۻԼڵѧУ, һҪѧУȵʱ򣬾ͻἫĬһ¶⡣
, Ǹߡ
ڣӵ׼ϰ
һͺ׳һۿ̨ķ, ̾һ䣺꿴˱ࡣŮĺü
Աߴߺ˵һ붼İɡһĺĸ߸
׼Ͷļ, еһͶ, ߴӰл׼뵽
Ǽ򵥵ͶȴһͿ˧С
ڵϵ򣬼˾䣺Ǳ, ӦûҰɡ
ΪӵĶӳ, ߺص, ɫѣҰ̫ˣʱҪע⡣
һʼ˵׳ƲҰβμĻǳָˣҲࡣ

ָߡ
һεĽһ죬ְʰÿαлߵԱߡ
Ϊͼ첿Ĳ߮ͲμżǶҪǰλǿŵġ
ְ˼߮λϣлʰÿ֮һȥǸС
л߽촩һɫͺɫɫΪķΣ鷢µСӹɵĴڼ羱¶ĺɫë׹ǾƯ
ְл߽鱾մС࣬ȻķŽ飬Ǳӣŵƽƽģһ˿ҡ
леǿ֢ϵġ
ְЦЦл߽ʰ֮˵ڳһʱ䣬ʮſʼ߹ȥʱ϶´ࡣ
䣬³ξߵߣлߺְ˵һȥ
ְлߣлߵ˼
лûʲôν
˵˶ٶûʲô
󣬳ҵʱԭְֻл˵Ķ飬˳³κһļѧ
лǳУ֮ȥǸеСˡ
ɼˣ˺ƺƵһȺˡ
ְ
ְʵû뵽Ľ
ĹѵǴĸԼõһȥôţȫߵһȥˡ
ǵǰҲûôడ
³Ҳ棺ʲôô°
ְҡͷ֪
һͬŮ²ӦΪҰͼɡ
裿ְżᵽ
ӵСǰ档³ΰԼϢ˵ͦ˧ģǵУš
ʼ˵ǸŮһԼĸܣͦ˧ģҸоҰȣǲһء
ȻԸıȽϲС
ԵǱǳĺãҰڳֵķȫּˡֻǵĻǳҲֻ½Ӯù衣
˵
촽΢򣬿һְͳ³млߣֿһΧüʱʱ͵лߵѧǡ
лû¶ݣڳֵȴսߡֻѧһңͳⲻϵֱɫ۶ȡ
У԰̳ϣлߵӶ߸߹ҳͲݵӣǺĳڶѧÿձش
ҪǴҶлߵ˽ʵ̫ˡ
лѧУҴܣ󲿷ʱ䶼ǴڽģҲʹôܸӴĻ١
ټͼ߮ͬ߮档
£ЩһıͬѧûбҪҪ˵ȥлߣ˵ˡ
һֻżݡҰְлߵĽӴҪԶһЩ

лߴķκϵĲʻֻһҪ̽ظУΧʶȥע
ö֮ȻҲȥˡ
ôţŮԭеĲ²ϼһ䣺ʵҸолߵԭ򡣡
³κְһͬʱлߡ
ְͳ³ͻȻôͬʱţԭЩл̧̧Ƥţ
ְͳ³ζһۡ
³ֱ̧һָš
ְȻĽӹ³εĻһУïʢͷǷΪٷ
³ΰѻӻһͼݵĶ¥ҹĹʲôԼ
˵⣬³΢ͣһ¡лΪͻȻͣ٣ʱ΢΢һЦлߵϵĲʻԼһлͲµݡ
л΢㶣ͣһ˲
龹ȻҲܳΪţ
³οлߵɻ˵ôܣҪ֪лߵһѧУϿεڣһˡ
һ˰ʮң
˵ѧУˣЩлһͬѧȻûмл߲Ͳʵʱʲôӵģ
ȻôлߣʵҲܿлߵ٣ͣӣ˫Щܿ
ǹ־͹ڣǿܿȴᱻлϻŵͲɫ·ƫ
Ҳ֪л߾ôģǿʱ򣬻ȻĲһӾ
Ӿ͸һЩ滭ƽϻеӾơһֺĴλЧǱʶӰǵķֱ
ֻƾ˫۵Ļû취ֱԺȥʻ棬ֻٺԭлߵݡ
³֮ǰԭΪһҹϿлߵʵòԷҹ뿪Ӳǵڶ֮ͷ˿ûмš
Ϊлһͬѧôˣ˵ġЩûилӴͬѧˡ
ôţ³ֿл߼ۣ̾һ䣺Слͬѧ̫ĥˣ
лߣ
³һӵ˵һ䣺֪ǿưȥжױ㲻ǷЮ֡
ְ뷨Σޣ
Ǵż˵лߺܴ򣬲ҴҰõ˿϶֤ʵ
ͳ³⸱ݵøһƵӣҪָûлߣͿܻᱻлһˤ̵
³˵һ仰ְʮ޳ɵġ
лߣȷʵ̫ĥˣ
ְţлߺһȥǿȻҲкܶǵѧͲµ档

ֺмֵľ룬Զ·ҲֻҪʮӡ
ְһȺ˿ߵǸУſڵʱлְͣ˵֣̲ꡣ
ְһ£漴ܿ췴Ӧ
ҰżݶϢһҪлȥǼ̲ꡣ
̲̲衣
Բ࣡
סˡ
ְ³ΣȽȥɣҺлҪȥ̲衣
³һ
ְͬ˵һĻǰ˼̲궼վˣ
һȺһνƵģѾˣҪȫվ̲ſڣǸо͸ˡ
ְ˵εıǱߣȥվټǰһˣǳֵƲȥˣ
³һ⻰ҲǱһOKƣУǾȽȥˡ

£ǷѧʱΡ
³κһߣΧĿռܿͿ˳
置ΡϻŲʻлߣҲȻͳױ¶ǸеѧǵС
Щѧлϴţ˺棬Щʼ
Ǹǳֵģ
Ӧǵİɣ㿴ԱǸŮǴĳУҸոͳѧһġ
ֲУر𣿼ͼ첿ǳײаǳֵѧܴ·Ĵ磿
Ҳǲܰɣһ置ǱߵΣǿʽɣָо֪崫ͳʽЩͬ
ȷʵһϸĻͦÿġ
Ӧþɣ㿴ЩȦΣͦбʶȵġ
ϵĲʻʲô˼׳ɶ
֪ʲô
⼸һأ˵Щ֮Ҳ׷׼뵽С
һСȸߵͻȻ˵ˣұǳֵģտѧǻ͸˵˵ʲôѧУĸ꼶սһλرתУ
Ҽǵҵʱʹжر𡣡
Ȼأ
Ȼ˵ȺУһ۾ͻᱻע⵽رʱ߯ڿͦϵġ
Ͼ˭һ磬ۡ
ְЩ˵ۣûסС²һ䣺Щ𣿡۱˵ʱ˵ô
Ȼ󲿷ֶԴǣлмⴧлòְЩ
ǰСлͬѧǱҰ֤ĺÿ¶״⼸ⴧ˵ĳС
뵽⣬ְһлȥ̲ˡ
̲ꡪ
ڵȴԱС̲ʱлߴ̲λϿ˼ˡ
ͷӸߣüëŨ
ڳͷŵˡ
ǽСܣ
л߻Ǹ֣࿴ͷмۡ
̲ܣȻǷлߵĿ⡣ʵϴӸնԷֵʱͷˣϾһŴıʶȣֱҪ̫ߡ
ܾܵĽƣΪ˱ⱻԷԼǱǸ置εע⵽ˡ
ƣ
̲һ
ЩӰ
˵ʱרʹֻƤĻƫƫʲôҲһҲء
Ȼʵϣȥ֮ʹ˺ü죬ʮ죬ȫ
ϵʹȻɢȥˣϣܶ置ӡȴ̵Ĳˡ
ʱԷʵʵִܲͻǲǶ¹ˣȻôôʹȴʲô˿ں
ֱаţ
һһܾùģԴձԷѵ֮ԺǸֳ置ͷ΢΢ӡ
ǳɫӶü֮֮ɢұУ͸һ޵ĺݾӲʱʱĻ
˺棬ȻĪһؿڷȵĸо
ֱܳ
ֹ㺸вΪԼǻ˹¸Ħۺˡ
Ȼôһͺٵĸо
ΪȥϲһĹƳȡȷֶѾʧ֮΢һ㡣
£Խȥ룬ԽҪԼĴڸС
ȻԱûСӣһֵʾȥվŵǸ置꣬磬磬쿴Ǹˡ
ɵ|ƵرĴΪûпһ
һɲǼ䣬һСӵýϣȻԴݺͰĳ嶯
ڣǶһ置˳СһţСʱͣ
ûģ
ܵԵɵ|һۡ
ɵһ±ƣֻǾǸ˺棬ԲŸһš
ûԵɵ|ơ
˽ֱ壬ֱоǵߴԼƿ֮󣬲һ
̲֮л߳Ǯְһһ
뿪ְ̲꣬뵽л˼ӣЩոڿʲô
л˼һ´ǣȻ˵ڿҡ
һңְҲֻתʵ̲ú𣿡
л߳һࣣͷԡ
ְЦЦǽȥɡ
ڡ
лߺְȥʱ򣬿̨Ѿ˲ѧ
ֺǵѧǷֿ̨ߡ
ֵУΪƵ
ǵУԺΪճĺ졣
ɫұߺɫμ
ڲĶԱ
һֱעſڵżݣлߺ̸ְ֮Ұ˵ҰҰ磬ְлߵˡ
̧֣һõĳԤλְл֡
̨ڶŵԾݼżģüʱҲûСô顣
ԾݸԤλӶӳߵλԼĺʾ
ְ߹ȥȻȻԱߣлְԾмǸλ
Ծлߴк
лߺ˿̲裬ԵĻһ䣬̬Ȳ䲻ȡ
ְɨһܣٴθ̾Ķࡣ˵ְ꣬ڳڳֵżݣûס²һ䣺ֶжˡ
żݵĸϵĶԱǱߵѧǣ߿˹߸׼ȷ˵Ƕл߿˹
ְƫͷԱ̲߰лߡ΢΢˷ԼϵĿ⣬̽ߣǺ⡣
Ϧϣ΢绺ڵ鷢ǰĶϣëһĺɫ׹ڶβˡ
żϸ΢춯
͸һּȾ鶯ĸо
ְſţȻлߣǲҲǾ߱һϵ罻ţ֢
Ұ̧īһ۾̨רĺ̲лߣ֪뵽ʲôǹһĨǳĻȡ
ҰΪֵļ裬ע⵽Ұϸ΢ı仯˼Ŀ˿̨ǸϻͲʵ置ꡣ
Ұˣ
ü۵׻һĨζ
һ룬뵽ʲôһ㣬ֶ̧ں̲꣬һָѺwink
ĳǷǳͣüĿֱͦθߴЦʱȴЩ̡
⶯һ꣬ǱߵһЩŮǶʱЩ˷˧
ְܲ⣬Ƕ𣿡
ȻͣǼƤȷʵͦ˧
Ծ΢΢ۣ˼ΪʲôͻȻл߱ʾѺã
ְлߣСлͬѧ
л̧
ְлߵ۾һ䣺Ұͼĸ˧
лְ߲֪ΪʲôͻȻ⣬ϵҰûκԥĻصҰ
ְˡ
һ룬лʣ˭
ְһ£漴һЦ
ղǸͻȻѺwinkлѹûע⵽


32 
ϡ
ֺǵıȷҧúܽ, ĩսԽơ
ҰǱȽ׳ʣȻͷϴ, ޵鷢βǱˮմʪˡ
Ǳߵļ, ҲȷʵǺǿǴ򶼺мɺٶȡҰרҵ˶ԱԵĶûмĶࡣ
кܴƣټܺ, ǿ, Դӿʼĩ, ˵ĸ˵÷ֲҲڡ
ѧУܷҲƽ
л߿ϱܵҰ, ݵٶȺĴ󹷵
һôһ֮л߷ҰúĴ󹷵ƽɢɢ, ֻԼһĺݾ, ݷϢ
ʱ򣬷â¶, ɢֹԣһۿȥ, һηĸо
л, һĴ, ΧѧǵĻУ˱ȷƣ֮Ӯǡ
Ծȭnice
ְԱߵվеӦԮҡ˼¡
ְҲЦɵƯ
, , ЩĵĿҰ
ʵЩû뵽, һҰܽƵֵزЩǣԷרҵԱڼ˵ֱһķ̡
ʵϣֻǼû뵽Ұżݣû뵽Ұô
Ҫܶ࣬αûҰǣƼ裬ǳߣԻ䡣
żԸоҰڴʱǳ˸ɾ
ͻȫȫĽ״̬
˵ǳҲΪ
ǹֵľ֪ΪΪ˶ԱҰķܶĿˡ
ʣҰǵ֮&#
żߵҰߣЦݲõ˵Ұ̫ˣôôա
Ұһ
ë˳⡣
żں˵ȵҰ
һǰһߵ˿̨ߡ
ԾݿҰò
ҰüְнӹȪˮ
һšƿһ߿лߡ
л߶Ұߣ󣬸Ծ˵һ䣺ò
Ұ΢Ųӣʼڴڵĺˮ
վλãְл֮䣬ӱͺܸߣˮʱλϵлߣǳĿҰߡ
ˮ䣬Եĺ򥻺䵽ƫ׵СɫƤϣʶ¹š
ˮʪ£壬ճļ
ΧкüŮ
һ򽫼߮ΪҲĬĬ̾һ䣬͵ֵΣҰǳֵɫ֮ס
ģ˭˲Ժ
ԣҲֱӾҲ治ɫˡ
Ʃ硭
һλõлߡ
лɫȻĿҰĿĺƶֱۣǱڵסĸ
ĺܺá
Щϧˣܾ
лջߣĬĬһ̲衣
Ұˮлߣ۵׸ֳһĨԼЦ⣺̲ζΣ
ţΪմɤƽʱͳҲɳƣ˵źЩ΢Ĵ
л߽ǰشְĻ¶Ұ˵һ䣺С
ҰĴֹһ£ۿɼĺá
Աߵְ˿Ұֿ˿лߣԺ･һ뷨
һ¾УˣлߴӦμӱݡ֮ǰǼһǿ̨磬ھ籾̫αż鲵ˡ
Ұ˸ߴκͽʵֱֿۣлݸˣְ˼ʼ
ֿˡ
ͷȥż
ڴ֮ǰҪȥһ置ߡ
лְ߲֪룬˿ֻоְͻȻ
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ӮǣȻֻʤҲʤ
Ϊףʤżһȥտ
Ұûлְܾ߱סˣСлͬѧһɣһڴĿлߣͼʳ˵㻹ûߵտɣζغã
лЩԥ
ְ˵һУйصһȥɡ
żҲţ԰ҶһɣȥζҲðǼտֺˣʮ꣬ζܸܵġ
лߣʮꣿ
żݵͷҲ˵ġ
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󣬻·ӵĶԱǣ³ΣְԾݣһһ߳򳡣׼ȥտꡣ
ڼ֮߮󣬾һ뿪ǡ
лǸ߳УŵʱͬУŵһӵĶԱǡ
վڼԱм䣬ɫòΪۡ
ߵҰǰЦЦĵĿһ䣺ú
Ұ̧̧Ƥһ
ҲûҰЩɢ̬ȡ
˵仰֮߾΢΢ƫƣҰԵлߣʮѺõЦͬѧãǼ裬ܸλ𣿡
ż˲侯裬ҪСлͬѧ΢Ÿ
СлͬѧظһƺݵϸֳԽĵЦݣˬ˵ͦ˼ĳƺԭͬѧл
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ΪʲôǷҪŲɣ
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꣡ʣҼֱ䣡һҸоֿʼʹˣ
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ϴЦȴһڴǰչֳº͵ЦһЩģ˸еЩЦ
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£ͻȻй置£֪ҵʱͱлһ죬Ҳ˿˵ʲôʹˡ
һԵģͽշѧڳڷ£Լ˿Ĺ置Ϣ˵˳
΢΢һ
ָпսתѧ
׺ݵ置ꣿ
лߣ
뵽ǳӶӳĳƺСлͬѧ
ЦЦڵ۵ֳһĨζ

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һУְŮ棬ְԱлߣлߵԱҰ
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л߹˼ְŮλҰƫ˼ֵġ
ƫ֮ľ룬лֳ̧տʱżͻҰֱۡ
лߵעտϣûע⵽һ㣬Ұһע⵽ˣȴûнԼֱ΢һЩ˵ʱʱ
л߶żݣл߳Ե棬ЦݲõʵζǲǺܲ
лߵͷʵһ䣺óԡ
лô˵żϵЦŨˣҰĴǣҲһĨԵĻȡ
΢΢блһһڵĳ˳Ľëůɫĵƹ£Գ˼ʸСΪ׽ʳ΢΢ŵҰһһµĸо
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˳Թտ֮Ȼʱʵ磬ǿǵָס޵ŽԼӵĴ󲿷סУǣһ뿪ˡ
ʣµģл֮⣬ֻҰְԼżݺԾˡ
Աʰɾ֮żֶ屭ˮȻҰԾ˿ڡ
ְǿʼл߽˹УݵһЩ뷨
ոڳտʱְˣлߺҰŮԱĹǣټ˵ߺͲǳĺг
һһ˫ĻֳЧ˵ĺá
⽫ǰѧѧ˫Ƶ˳иѧ裬ְƵ൱
ҲǴλѧ˫ְҵһЩС
պǰ˫裬͸ô赸
Ʈݣ㣬˵ĸоˮīһ㣬һ־ŵС
лߺҰ˫ĻͿкǿģɶе衣
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оٵĻûѧⷽ漼ɵ˵ȽѡҰıǿл߱Ӧò⡣
ְľãҰлǿԺܴġ
˸ʲôװ磬ˡ
ҰҲ̸лʱסߣߵĵ׹ɶ䣬ϵһ𷢳
Ͽ̨֣ĵƹȵߣְұֳ֤ЧԻǳޡ
Ȼְ뵽Ҫһ
ǾлǷУ¶ݡ
ôţְԼ뷨һԵȫ˵˳
л֮󣬳Ĭˡ
ԭڴϷҰˣҲְһ𣬿û˵лߡ
ʱһ̣·
˺þãֺֻ˼롣
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ְǷӦһл仰ںܿʶ仰Ǳ˼ʱְͼվˣӦˣ
лߵͷ
ʵϣʵ̫˿ݡ
֮ԻϻͲʣһһֱϰʹȻ
̫ˣְ۵׵ϲüԭգҲΪ˷ܵЩġ
ΪίԱżݣЩ˵ΪʲôҰл߰
ְԣ¼飬ĿһżݣȻҡҡͷӻߡ
лվһ𣬲Ǻܴ
ְżݵĻʱֳЧżݿлߵʹӡȣǣǰ衣
ʹӣ裿żЩemoˡ
ְ˸ƣոһСİѺ˵˳
ԾһŶЦòУʹżݹ
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ְһĻҶ֪ܾ׼Լ֪ƫ
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Ұ磬˭ռ˼άڵ㻹Ǹ𣿡żֱĶҰҰ˭
ǺԾݰҰشżݡ
ƣ
żݾķչôԽԽԾˡ
ĸڳ⣿
ΪʲôҰô׾ʹӦˣ
ҰǰϰߣǸֱ˦һľ;ܾ
ԱߵԾżݵļ򣬰οο˵ζ˵ģʱҾͦģʱɣĴ
˵
аȡ
԰żͻȻʲôְУһĿ
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żһ㶣Ӧ󣬡
ȥżݲˡ
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żݺ˵ĳĬˡ
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ΪʱûעϷɫѱ˻ɱ
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ġ
߮뷨ǻεģǲ̬ģȻʱȴܿơ
ףл߹ֹעˡ
߮Լ̫Ѩ񣬽Ժ޳ǿԼɢע¼еϰϡ


33 
տöУĿ֮, ְ½˺ܶ˫Ƶ
ЩƵľʲּȻϳһƵСȺ, Ⱥʱۿ
һ, ΪҰл˫ĿĲ߻ˣְç˾ϸº̶ΪһίԱżݶ̾Ϊֹ
̶ʱ䣬ְĳҺ, Ϊ˵ϰֽ赸ıҲ˳
ʱ, ְְڴԼŮ˵, ԼҶҪһУϱ˫ʱڳǰİĳ档
Ϊ̫, һͱĳǺܡ
Ⱥˮ˳ְְֲ֮ŷ˲ŵʺû, ˵Ұǿ˱ǿ׳СҪ̨ݣ裿Ǻһһ𣿡
ǵ, ûְ˵ͷ, ԼĻش𣺡̨, һ
ְְֻǾչã̫߳ˣ
, ⲻص㡣ְͼƫĻŤڵصҪ֡
ְְҪʲô֣
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ְְ֮, ˼˼룬һ䣺ĻͿԸ㡣
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أְӺӵϰҡ
ֵȻѾį, ҪĴͱ, ǻϳ, ϰЩڵġ
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żݲټ⣬лߺҰˣھֻˣ
ְҲ˳żݵĿ⳯лߺҰȥԣֻˡ
ǽҪʼлʵ
ԽԽáְ㣬У쿪ʼҲֻʮһ죬м仹һ˶ᣬȻǾϰͽѧ֮ɡ
лߣְʵһҲġ
Ͼлһ赸Ȼûпл裬ְֱСлͬѧԲ
ְЩĵҰ
ΪҰͬһְ̥СûпҰ衣Ұ˶ϸǺܲҲ㹻
費˶
Ҫ⣬ҪһƽУ֫ҲҪ㹻Э
ЩҪϰġ
ȻտʱһԱżݣְ˲ͶҰʮ㣬ʵϣʵҲûеס
һУҲֻеȵʱ򣬲֪ˡ

Ŀ֮
һ죬οʦǰŸߣְżݾͼĬĹҰߡ
ΪлԱߵļ߮鱾˶վҰλԱߡ
ְЩ˷ܵ˵߰ɣھȥϰҡ
Ұûʲôʰģʱߡ
л˰ʰÿڼ߮ÿռ󣬸ְ
Ұлߵĺ󷽡
л뿪֮󣬰ѧǲջͶŵϵߣ׷׿ʼ
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ףô˵ͻȻڴ˰
ҲǣҪ֪л߻Уϱʲô
ŰЩͬѧǵ߮ͦü΢΢ţҲֳһĨȻ⡣
ٻбЩ˵Ӱ쵽ʱȻ˿̣ЩȴĪЩơ
һϸϸС̣ͻȻĺϲµģԣȴ˺ӡ
߮뵽ǰͻȻյϢ
ѾУĿ
տʱ
ղŻͻȻ߳ȺΪѾȷҪʲôҲ˲ݵ
Ƕһ
ȻҪٳΪУݶⴴСȺ
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Ȼȴû˶κεĺת
ʵϣףģͻȻ߳СȺ£лߺ֮䣬߸׼ȷ˵лߺҰ֮ԽĹϵ
ϸһ£ҰԸһ˵ˣҲһ˿ˡ
ͬģлҲǡ
ǵǴʲôʱʼڶԴ˼ʹϵƵˣϵȴͻȻú
ڳֺУ죿ֻ֮Ǹ磿
ԼǴʲôʱʼԽעлߵģ
ۣ߮ëͶӰס׵
һɲǼ䣬ĳԼ˼ڵͫÿ塣

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ԿȽȥְĽõ赸ƵǰͶӰϡ
Ϊְ赸ƵϴСȺʱлߺҰѾˣԶƵһЩİ
һƵְ֮Ҫĵˡлڳϣ㰲ͶҰĿڳԱߵǽϡ
ְĬҰ룬ƤЦⲻЦ˵ڿԿʼˣأҰ
Ұ̵̧̧м䡣
ְֿлߡ
л߽ϵȦϵȡڵ֮Ҳվм䡣
ΪУĿһܸżݣһʱ䣬˵ҳȥƿˮ
ż߳ϰңڹŵͬʱҲʽʼ
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Ұ߱л߸һͷң˿վлߵ΢΢ͷĥ䵽лߵķ
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аɡְ˵˳ڳϣעƻصлߺҰϡ
żԱ£ҲʼרעĿҰлߡ
ڿ˲֮һʱż䲻˵˾䣺лߵúϸ
ȻְżݵĹעƺе֣ǺͬĵͷȷʵҷǳͺոǸĻȸԣС
ʮ롭
ոգոǸоٵתᶯҰ촽ͲлߵĲˣżͻȻվθߣְ㿴û
ְһ¶䣬û˵ż㰲㣬ֲǲĲＤɶ
ǣ㲻øոǸƵĺ𣿡
żݺܲ⣺Ұֱһ㣬һ㣬촽ĿܾͲлߵĲлߵ촽ˣ
żһԵ˵պý赸Ұ뵽˷Ǹβĵڶ
һ˲䣬촽лϸ׵Ĳ
ᣬΪٶ̫죬ְżΪֻǲ
ʵϣˡ
л߾ദƤһλãһǳɫܽܽ
ңҲȷʵż˵ֻҪֱһ㣬˫пܻлߵ˫
뵽⣬ҰվԼбǰһлߡ
ʱֵһ೤βְͣⲥԶת
Ⱥȵˮɡ𳤵ϵƿմˮݸҰлߡ
Слͬѧְĵĳ޵ĺܺÿ˵һΪóĲѶ赸
лšƿǣ˼մˮ֮󣬲Ż˵ǰ
Ϊһ裬֮䣬лߵƽʱһЩʹöɤ˼ֱԸС
ûгҲҺͼ١
ְûסһ䣺СлͬѧôôõģҰҲͰˣϾ
лأְĺܺ档
л߻ص置ʱ򣬾ʹ󹷵һ档
󹷵΢ͷϵǸǣ
šлֺ˼մˮմˮúȡ
úȰɣżһ˵ζǸճ¿ҾͲµҰϲȡ˵תҰҰΣ
ҰһմˮӣС
żݰ֣Ұ磬ΪʲôͲСлͬѧһʵһ㣿
ҰƳһۣ漴߷лߵϡ
лֺ˼մˮ
֮䣬վлҰлǾɵĺᣬԼദһšͱ˫롣
ʵϣżݷ֮ǰ
˫лߵĲ֮ǰ
żݺְûпǡ
Ϊһʵлߵ˫򥡣
һɲǼ䣬°лߵĴӴĵطͺƲһȵĵ
ĸо°һ·˺Ѹٽദؿһ˲ʱٵ|һ¡
ҲЩ
ʹúǸоٵתᣬ˸߶ϵĲ淶


34 
Ұ, ЩķΪлߵ촽°͡
뵽⣬Ұлߵ˫
ǶȵԵֻܿлߵĴǡΪˮҺĴ, ˿ֳ̳һʮȻƯǳȡ
оҰĿл, ΪҰлҪ˵ǾͳҰ߿˹ȥ
ϰڵĵƹлߵϣĴɫյıƽʱŸһЩˮ͸һǡôı
ܺ׵ӡ
뷨ҰԺһ, ܿ, Խͷ޳
һԵżЩĿҰһ, ΪʲôҰЩ֣ſлߵǸ񣬸ǺͿ˵ȫһ
ĳ, ż˵ʲô͸оһͷҰڿʱ, ʳ֮ݷ
Ϊʲô뵽׵ı
Ұֲ, СлͬѧҲǻᱻ޵ߵСã
˿̣żݲͬһ뷨, һԹְ
ҰΪĻʼл߿ʼְ;ⳡ˫, ҰĳЩͶ, ζ
Щûʲô, ȴؿڶЩȡ
ǵƵ赸Ҳǳֵָоѽ
ԣȻҰ⡣
һ֮, ְڽ, ͿʼרҰĶ
һСʱ֮, 类ҹǣϰɫȫ
ͼϰ˵š
ʱ㣬һ¥ͼѾ峡ˣûһڡ
ְϰҵԿϣͼݴŵԿסлǲҪͼŽ⡣
żߵǰͷ·ûпˡסУѧϰûסУѧҲУˣҪðûסʵ
һ뵽ͼݶ¥ҹĹżݾ;ï}ûš
ʵ֮ǰǲЩģǾǰʱҰ绹ԾһȥһͼصĿֲƬһЩ˳ͻ棬ż񶼻ǵú
뵽⣬żһ¿ˮ
һԺлվúܽҰûסһ䣺Ұ㻹ǵϴȥǲ־Ƭ𣿡
Ұ̧һûô
żߵߣ㲻ǳͼݵĲ֣ʵǲӰ¹ʷ𣿡
Ұһ£һ㡣
ż̵ǰǰɣ
ְһԳЦżȻ˰ɡ
¡żݿʼתƻ⣺㿴ڶѾ˵ˣǶûгԶҲҪѭ򽥽ɡ
żôһ˵ְǺȷʵûгԶһѧ͹ߣ;˺ˮ֮⣬ûгԹʳǽȥԷ
Слͬѧʲôְ׼͡
лϲʳǿζƫڰСʱ֮ǰûյ㷢ϢʱӦûش˵ǴŹǡ
ǰǰϢлְ߲һԣҹһȥԡ
ѽְЩʧһʱ䣺Ǽ㣿
ٹʮҡ
㰢ĸλãҰͻȻһ䡣
л߱һַ
Ұü΢
ְ˵еԶ
еԶл߲Ҫ·̷⣺Ǳнһ˳·ҡ
һȰɡְ˵꣬żݣûɣ
żݻشúܿ죬ǿ϶ҪСлͬѧ
ְֿҰ
Ұû˵ֱӺл߲˳ϡ
ŹʮӣлյǱ߷΢Ϣݴߣӿ쵽Уſˡ
ͼݾָеУŲԶ
лߺҰߵУſڣֻҡ
ְҿӦÿ˰ɡ
䣬һɫĽγʹұ߿˹ܿͣǰ
һ룬£ڼʻĹлߣ΢΢һЦϳɡ
л߼һΣ԰ӡȷ˶Էĳĳǰ㱨ĳ֮лҲûԥˡְ˵˱𣬾˳ϡ
Ӧòϰʱ䣬Ҳ΢˵˳·˵л߲ںΪܻöԷǰ˾
л֪ЩԵĸʻλǲģΪҪԼרλã񰢽ĸʻλһ
ԭӰ֮£л߲ѡ˺档
ϣת̣ͷУš
𽥿Զĳӣְ뵽ſǸڼʻλˣ̾һ䣺ոǸ˺˧˵Ҳº͡
˹ŵװУ¶͸һֳԵ
ְע⵽Է洩Ĳֳĳ£һɫ֯¡֯ëµסһСزֽ
;ְ̲סһ£꣬½ǲǾͻְӢӡ
һԵżбְһۣƲƲʲô۹ⰡҰ˧
żݿոǸˣϵִӪķΧСҪٺ沿ЩǿǵҰ硣
ʵǸ˵ĳ࣬ҸлʲôϵżȤ˵š
λְбһۣʲôϵ۾һܲµǸеԾѧͬ¡
аɣżҲᣬһԼĶӣߴţھ͸ϽȥԷɣˡ
ҰʲôżݿҰҸоĩȥǼҵĳ滹Ұ磿
ȥҰ˵ţջ˿Ŀ⡣

һܶĵ磬л߶Ұϰ˫衣
л߼Ƕܿ죬ټ赸ûΣͽı˫ȫˡ
ҰĻһʼʱĶԵЩӲ֮⣬Ҳܿͽ״̬
ÿһҲлϵĺܺá
ְΪ߻ˣÿڳżʱҲվһԺְһлߺҰʱڽ¿֪ʶ㡣
ǵģ֪ʶ㡣
Ϊһ¿ˡ
ָе¿Ѷȣȸ߿¿λǰһѧš
Ұѧڵѧܷ꼶һ˵ελúǰһһ༶һλá
Ȼ죬Ұĵǰ֮󣬲ŷԼελȻ棬λڵڶ
Ұü뵽ĳֿܣԼλϽǡȻϽŵİɫǩϣһϤ֡
лߡ
֣ҰһͱְķжʱҲһɨա
鿪ȥл߽
ûȶãҰͿлߡ
ԷǴһϤޱȵ置ΣϵĲʻҲ겻ʽϵЩȴú٣ȦҲȡģֻжκͶ׹š
Ұע⵽Ķ׹ͶζǺܼ򵥵Ŀʽûƽ·졣
ǿǵǿҪְ
Ұţͺл߿Ŀ⽻㵽һ
ݵĶ֮лƿߣҰĿλ
ǸӦþλˡ
л˵ĻΪǿսģûвμѧڵĿԡѧʱҲûѧԣ¿λֻܰĳɼʱ㣬ŵһλá
л߶ûʲôν
ҶͷдǰŻǺţﶼûκβ
¿һ졣
һԽ֮żһҰҰȥˡ
żһְһץס󣺡ʲôˣ
ְʵҲôϽȵģҪǾ¿ǰһ죬ǱͻȻУǰʮϢ
ԭУ˶֮ǰ˶ʮ죬͸պŲ˶֮ǰ
ǡǺܺʮ£УҲǸӡʱϣҲֻǹԱ䶯ˡ
˵У쵼Ǳߣھص֮Ÿĵʱ䣬⽫УĽĿΪ˶һִͿĻʽ
У˶һͬʱഺ˶ַò
ʱʱ䣬ԭУҲΪһ졣
һÿֻóһĿˡ
ˣʱɺܽ
ְŸϽżݣסһ׼Ұȥ뷨żίԱȻֻóһĿ㲻ϳˣǻҪ
֪֪ˡżҲһ֪ػˣְôһ˵տԵҪɵ˷ܾҲɢȥ
ˣСлͬѧӦǵһβμִģ꼶¿ɣεѲѣżЩĿҰ󷽵лߡ
żݵĳɼڸһֻΣǺܹ꼶ϣżݵܷһڵġ
Ȼ͸ڵԾһҰһ棬ɼȴ֮õһ
ҰǲѧõʱԾдһ⣬鲻õʱ򣬾ֱӽ׾ԾݵĻǴδζֻдѡ⡣
Ұķȥİϵ˸صȽټ籾˻ſܲһҰȻڽһѧҰͱ߳һˡ
ܼ񡣡л߼̵Ļһ䡣
ˣ
ţлĵ̧̧Ƥƫǳͫ׿żݣǻ˵ʲô
ǣǣżܲ˵Լʵл˵˵ɡֱ̫ˣϾлֲŮ
Ҫ˵ָᱻְ˵ģھȥϰң
лߵͷǿҪζմˮ
һһֱû˵Ұлô˵֮ЦһζҲҪ𣿡
л߿ҪеĻ
ššҰʹУĿڴһǡ
л߽ӹǣʮȻ˺װֽιлˡǵζƽϲԵǸӡ
żݿ˿ڳǵлߣֿ˿л߳ǵҰһȵĵɴ۾ǵһʶҰһҰʲôʱˣ
ְҲһʮ΢´Ұ
Ů˵ֱĳ˵Ǻܿµġ
Ʃ˿ְ̣ĲҰڶԴлߵʱǷݲͬ˵⡣
Ұߣְż˫۾ͬʱţҲɫδ䣬ֻȻ˵ûꡣ
żݳҰ֣ǻʣûҲһлԵã۾΢΢µӣζҲ
һҰʣµ˳һ룬ûнǷżݵģǺܹϵ˺ֽιԼ
żݣ꣡
ʲôģ̫ˡ
Ҳԡ
ôţżݴ˵ʲôְһ˵𵢸ʱˣȥϰҰɡã㽫װ͵ȷ
ЩҪǰ򣬶ߵЩãҪർ롣УǰǵЩҪƻһڣְҪ׼µ
ʱ򣬵ȵЩˣͿϵϵͳԵһЧ

ϰڡ
ְ˶ʮӣͳ׶лߺҰ˵ķװ͡
лߵķβҪ̫ĶΪĴžͼɫЩǱ䣬ֻҪڴ˻һ߾Ϳˡ
͵ĻҪһЩ
лһֱС෢ģʱҪĳϿһεķлߵͷϣǽ
Ұ
ְñȽϼ򵥡
лߵķװԽǸӻҰķװԽҪ򵥵ķȥ£
·ɫ壬ǱȽϰֵһɫϵ˫ʱһǳԵɫȶԱȡӾϣָܷںϵһʱһֻĺгС
ݵʱл߻ߡ
ҰҪߣҲôʲôҲ
Ҫе׺档
̫ܻ࣬ڣǾ͸żظС
ֹϲͼڡ
ôţְлߡ
ĿлϵĲʻͣ˺ü룬ʵСлͬѧ˻ửֲʻ棬ử͵𣿱һͼʲôģ
л߲µְ룬ҪҰϻ
ְͷ𣿡
лüĿתҰ⻰ҰϾҰǱһ
ҰûУ˫׵ӦˣҲʲô
šǸһлû˵ꡭְգգ۽ޣ֪뵽ʲôͻȻʼ֧֧
ţҰƳְ۵׷ŹȴƴѹƵģҰжʱһֲ̫õԤС
ʲôлʵ
ְָָҰĲָָҰǣҰķװ΢¶һЩԴǵ쵽ߵλãҲҪ
żһ棬ܲ˵ж찡ʵ󲻳ָо
ְżһ£ʲô죬㲻ͱ˵ʱЩʵĵ׺нЧ
֮Ϊ֤ԼǿѨ磬̴ְӰóֻСȺ﷢һԼҳİͼƬָоҷȺˡ
żݵ㿪һ۾˲һᰡ˸ڡ
ɲǣְܼᶨ˵СлͬѧĻӦûøá
лԣҲóֻ㿪΢š
ȺͼƬ
һ̨ױӲʵױݣûô٣Ǻԭָ̬оϵͼڲʻżҰԵ֮С
ͦõģҿԻл˵
ְ۾һģ
л΢΢ͷ漴뵽ʲôƯһ΢ЩζĿû˵Ұô
ô
·һǰҰǾԲͬģڡ
ҰĴ΢΢һ£˵Ļٴ˵һ飺û
Ұ⿰ˬĻش𣬱Ϊһְһ£Ӧˣԭô׵𡭡ְСֹš
ҰƳһۡ
ְ˲ˡʱǹһĺãλүͻȻͷˡ
Слͬѧ㻭ѶȵĻҪ೤ʱ䣿ְҪʱԤ⵽ʱ̨ʱ̫ϡ
л߶Ұ˼룬˼Ƭ֮˵ʮҡ
ãְˣżݣÿĳ˳𣿡


35 
ǰУ, ʦǳۺ
ν̵ĸʦԾϵЧϣǳĸߡ¿죬ѾѧǸƵĳɼȫ˳
һ, ϰûʼ, ֱӾͰ꼶ĵ˸Ĺϡ
żȹȥ˳ɼĲ̫룬ڰ꼶ϵպǵһһ, Ͳ֮ˡ
, żݵһҲ⡣
ڿ֮, ʹԤε
ԼķżȥҰ, ϣҰ꼶һ
ȥлߵ
ڿлߵÿһƳɼ֮, żݺĳĬˡ
뵽˸տǻ, ʹл߾¿ѶΣл˵ܼ
ʱûô, һл߻ľ;׼Ŀ˸Ƶļϡ
һһֶǡ
żݾú, ϾҪƶʵ, ÿƳɼ಻ٵġÿڼ߾ͺˡ
Слͬѧ, 㾿ôģ
ž⣿л߲ж棬ֻǶԼԤȽ׼ȷѡ
ͬл߳ɼְ˵һ£ĳɼѾܲˡ
ʵһְû˵, Ǿڿл߸Ƴɼһ˲, ԲлʵǿʵˮƽĲ²⡣
û˵, ȻԻᱻҰЦ˵С˵ˡ
ϰְżݸص˸Եλϡ
̨ϣΪһε磬¿һ򵥵ĸرõ꼶һļ߮
ȶһҰ˷ѿ˵
Ұڶտһ·ĻεķֻҪΧ֮ڣϸѧȫûġ
ΪർҰ꣬ҲҰʵˮƽʲôġСҪдĻֻѧһķ֣Ļεܷ̫
뵽⣬翴һһſϲҰЩɸֵ̾һʾڸҰͬŵżȥѡ
ҰڱżŪֻ֮΢΢̧̧ͷִۼ˯ˡ
ʮӵʱ䣬ԼһεĴ⡣罫ĿתڿԾлߣлߣʲôĿԶͬļ߮
лԣԵļ߮
߮Ҳʱ
˵Ŀӵһлջߣһá
΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
ԭſϲҰлߵĻش֮ϵʱ̧ǿǰлߣתбǰļ֪߮뵽ʲôӢͦü΢΢šһ¡
ǰл߲֪Ұ˿ģеϰᷭ˹ŴʫĶһ⣬ȻϷοĿע£ñʼ˴߮֡
олߵĶ߮ƫͷ
л߽ϵԾ߮ǱŲ˼֣ϸ˳Եָָл߾ӷִһС⣬Ŀʵôȷ
߮˳лָķȥֻͿ򵥣ֱӽԼϵȷл߿𵽺ܺõѧϰЧ
ΪЩ֣Ҫ⡣
ָ߮ŵһҪ֣ⷭʼл߽ʹΪ硭
߮ƽģ˵ʱҲǲ߲ͣû̫
ɽȪʯˮ϶ĸоճʱ뵽˵ĶĤһµˬ֮⡣
Ȼڲ죬лɾü߮ɫǺġ
׾ͱԷĽϡ
߮лȻʱ̬Ⱥ⣬ȴü֮УҲɢЩ
߮⣬л⡣
˶õͬһԾһΪ˽øһΪø֮ľҲһЩ
лרļס⣬߮ȴ˾֮лǳǳĺ
лߵŵһԼζ
ζܵܵ
߮Ŀ΢̧⿴Եлߡ֪ô룬˿ȴֽлߵĲ˶Աȡ
߮ԭΪһʱȥˣͻὫЩ˵ҪǡȻԼû뵽ǣʱƣǵûǣǵԽ
ǵҽԺ϶Ժ˵ʱ΢΢̵ĻȣǵָӴԷƤʱϸ⻬ĴУǵöԷˮ֮Ǳˮ˫
Щǵú
ÿһ΢Сϸڡ
ֵǣÿÿЩʱԺֳϣն˴置ΡϻŲʻлߡ
޷ǳ׷ָ
߮ԼҽԺ£ǵΪϱΪǸϵϣлߵӰӡ
뵽⣬ֶ߮࿴л߼ۡ
ѧҲΪѧԡ
ǷˣҲ˿ӰЧʡ
ݵʱ߮Ժ˺ܶ࣬ʵϣݵϣҲƽġ
ͫҲһƬĮڡ
¶ֺ˿ĵ
Ұ˵ĺǰлߺͼ߮ԽԽľ룬˯ȫɢȥͬʱҲûɵķꡣ
رǵлΪרעԾĽڶԼͼ߮ľԽԽǹַüѹֱۣĴ΢΢£Խòˬˡ
һ룬ҰҲſϲˣǽ˫ǰֱֱӰ˫ŷŵлߵλ档
⶯һҰżͲɱлߵĽź
лûʲôӦ
Ұ״ǰһ£ɵһΪҳעСܺһ
ΣоźĶл΢΢һ١û⣬ֻǽԼĽǰ΢Ų֣ͼдķ롣
Ұ
˵˵֮ǰҲûлô
Ұ֪ǣʵлеǿ֢ϵġһʼרĳһʱ򣬾һҪŪŻͣ¡ҪôʼҪôһҪꡣ
ҰںСӰ첻лߡ
ҰҲܿʶһ㡣
Ųǰˣɢע
ҰֽϿʼʱ򣬻ŻžͻһQԼ
Ұ
ҰĬһԼĻ̌ǰлߣȻԼΪʵЩɡ
ôһپȤĽеıһţ½ͷϲˡ

ʱţ֪䣬ٽУ졣
εУĿΪ˶ĿĻݣܴڴ
ϾУ˶ĽϣͷһΡ
꼶ΪѧҵȽϽŵԭǲòμ˶ģ꼶ڲμУ԰˶ʱ򣬸а༶ϿΡ
ڸ꼶ֵѧԣڴģĪǸһεıˡ
лߺҰǵšһ㹻˺ˣ˵һ
ܶ˶лߺҰĽĿʲô
˫˺ϳ裿ʫеȵȡ
ֱ̳˵硡
ȶȻһ쵽У⣬һǰʹ˸ڵǡ
磬ǺҪȥ𣿡
㲻ϻ𣡼趼ˣܲȥ
ʵǺܲ⣬ö˶˵ΪʲôͻȻǸлߵ置Ȥ
Ϊ֮ǰʱԾСϹƱƣǹ˵Ĳ˵ȫ˵ˣʹΪżܵõô
ԽԽԾԼ
պиҪʡȥ˳־취ȥҰлߵıֱ
趼Щʲô°
һ
ǵʱôȥУȻ⿪ţҲǶһЩǰУѰ
ôȥ취ʵڽȥֻΧǽ⣬ֻȥ̨ϵʾģ
ȻĴ㡣
ţУղһܵôϣʱǻˮ㣬˵ֻýֵУϾܻȥ
ȻǺá
У쵱죬ϸŲͼȥܵ˸档
ֻ̤ܳվΧ⡣ûסһֿڣֻ˵֧żϡ
УĿĻᣬʮʽʼһֱݵʮŽ
̨Ǵڲٳǰ˵ģƹ豸Чȶõą́ʮʹ޴ʾΪ̨˲ʸС
ÿǰհ༶˳ŵģѧĵӾԼƽʱڽš
̨·мطڷŴʮΣЩרΪУѡ쵼Լ̨ıԱ׼ġ
ʮֵʱվͺ˳֡ʱУ쿪ʼʮӣڵţڵʺòʱ˲ѧĹע
λѧɣ
ǵģѧУУѺ񣬸о˱ƬҪÿҮ
ȷʵǿҪվߣƻоŨѹȸС
ԱߵѧɣƯһ
λӦл߱ݵİɣ˵ѧлߵİ㡣ؽ㶼ôÿܾܵԲҺڴлߵıݣ
ΪʲôлߺҰǵڶݰҪȺþã
𼱣У쿪ʼĿ֮󣬾ͻоʱúܿˡ
⻰Ҳȷʵ˵û
ʮ֣Уʽʼ̨֮µѧһĿһĿĿȥûپʱû
ڴžŵʮֵʱżݸںְ̨һϢ
Կʼ׼ˡ
ְظһյȻרΧС
СڣŻлߺҰ
лߵûлκͲʣŰݾƯҲһ˿覴áԱߵĵϣŻûϵߡ
ְл̧ͷߴֻĻƵְϡ
л߿Ŀ⣬ְĶ΢졣
ȻһСʱǰѾл߲Ͳʵݣһɱǿһξ;һΣ
ְѹмл˵Կʼˡ
лһԵҰ
ְ״ǳʶȤĴ߳ȥ棬ڲĿռлߣ÷лΪҰͼڡ


36 
ߵյ׹ڵƹɢɫĹ, ײ˹ƵĿȡ˲ٿߵߣбԼࡣ
ˣܷ¹, Ϊһι
ֵĽ, һΪƵ˫ҲʹĻ
Ȼ, Ӯ˫裬ȴ·ķΧ˿ǰžһƬ
ͻȻĿ, ڼ֮Ŀհ׺Ͷϲ㡣
ƹлߵ, ûлʻݾô˶ûԤϵ£Ȼײǵ
ڿлݵһɲ, ˺һָܡ
, , Ȼ, ޵ȵ
ֵѧǲֹһ, 置л, жɫŨҵĲʻ֮󣬵һģ
Ϊлߵ̫, ֹ̳ԭлݵӡ
ҲвٵѧͼлɫĲʻ£ʵò
, Ҳ˳ֵ֮һ
ݵĲ², Ҳ˵硡󲿷ѧлߵòӦʮ, Ͼ۾ʵǺܺÿ
˿̨̣ϵлߡ
̨µѧǲŷ֣Զ䲻лߵǵ𺳡
̨ʾ, һ置εлüī, ɫͼӡһ, Ϊ۽ü˼ĹƻС
úܺÿٶ־£γ׵Ƥڵҹɫͳĵƹ£͸һֽұӾԡ
ÿˣļ΢©˰ġ
п̨ЧַΧļӳ֣ǲòϣȷʵǱ̨ϵлߺݺݵľ޵ˡ
Щ
һ롭롭롭
ֱ붼ȥˣ½½ѧ⧲ɫлعʼơ
|ۣ||ۣлߣֱǴ߳ˣ
û뵽лôÿǾ˰
ĺúÿ
лллߣ
ϲԸ֧˫Ϊmvp
˰ˣ置𣡣
ĺƯôƵ置Һðҵˣӽ쿪ʼҾлߵֵԲзۣ
лǳֵľɫ
أ置ùƻģ仰ˣ
ѧУкԮֶûеĻڳһô
лôô᳤ֱֵҵˣ

ѧлͻȻ¶ľʱ̨Ψм߮һˣΪȵľȶشλվ
߮ĿֱֱĶ׼Ұһ̨лߣһĮȻиֳһĨš

ҽԺǸˣͲԺŮϣлߣ
һɲǼ䣬ü߮еᡢеϸɵ㣬ȫ
ߣͣ٣ԼϺµ롭
ֲûôƣΪǸͬһˡ
ԭ̬ͻεȥһŮԴ뵽лߵϣǸΪŮԵˣл߼ٰģ
һ̣߮˼ǧ
Ѿ̨뿪лߣԷͬҰһȥ˺̨ϸıӰڵҹɫ
뵽˷һ֧˫裬ۣһ֧˫ȷʵǰһǼ߮ȴ޷ԵӰ죬ȥ֧ͬȡ
ⱳ󾿾ʲô߮ڲȥ˼
ֽ˽ܿƽ֮ջ˵ϡϵı飬ҲָƽֹĮȻֻ΢΢ֱӲǣʾǰϵ
ΪλǡԱߵְЩĿһۼ߮
Ȼ֪л¶Իɺ𺳵ЧҲʮ־ȣ˵ʵ߮ķӦȻôʵְԤ֮С
ͼ߮ͻȻվļƣְЩŵôһ˲䣬ͻɼ߮ǲܵʲô|
ϾΪ̫лߵݣھȵվ£ǳκһѧܽ͵ͨΨڼ߮ϣ˾о档
뵽⣬ְһĬĬŲ˼֣ܵԶλò̫ദļͼ첿
û취Լֲ߮Ц˵һѧУɲǱҪĲ̫ĽӴ
ְڶǵãǰΪѼ߮߳ȺȥԷǸʱλޱӡ
Ȼ߮ʱʲôҲû˵ֿĮ̬ȣŸְЩ㤡
ˣȥˡ
ְҡҡͷйؼ߮ȫ޳ԺȻ㿪ֻոµлߺҰ˫ƬһһŵĿ
ԽԽлĶ޿ޡΪһǾµԭĳ֮󣬷Ŵ󿴾ȻҲκ覴á
Ƥôϸ壬ŮƤۡ
ʵǺĽˡ
ְڶǵǻָлʱ֡
ֹ⻬еԡ
ְˣУĿ֮һҪҸʱúһлߡ
úܺлƽõֲʻϵôŪģǲǺɷ֣ȻΪʲôÿͿϣƤȴôá
ְͻȻ˴Ӳһļ
ְ̧ͷŲ󷽿ȥһβ衢ЩӤʵŮ
ŮЩģһ˫︡ĳŬѹֵļ
ѧãǸ߶½橣ܲлߵ΢ƸҰ
ְգգۣЩûӦҪлߵ΢ţ
½橵˵ͷڴ
ְһºҡͷ˼Ҳܰлߵ΢Ÿ㡣
½Щʧ
ְ룬˵Ҫлߵ΢ţȥˡ
½ߺְƻصֻĻϡ
ֻлߵƬְС̾һҲѧûҪ绰Слͬѧգ˭ס
ƵȽУĿһкܶҪҪлߵϵʽżǱӦҲǲࡣ
ϾĿǰǵϰ磬ָУֻżݣԼҰлߵϵʽˡ
ҰĻû˸Ҫ
һȥл߱ҪϵʽĿܣѧԣֻʣżѡ
뵽⣬ְתͷһŵżݡ
ȻżݵѾվ˺üְûмİס
ģҲ꼶ģŮ
УĿûнЩضտصͬѧѾȲҪлߵϵʽˡ
ԾҲԱߴ֣żݵļһõģζѵĻͰлߵ΢ŷ¡
ⲻУż붼ûֱӾܾδСлͬѧҲ԰ϵʽȥ
漰˽ԭϣżݻǺܿ׵ġԾݲ˶ѣҲͰлߵϵʽ
ҡ
ż´ԾݣҪлߵϵʽԾݴԼϵַΪɶֱҰ磬Ҫ
ⲻҰȥ˺̨û𣬡ԾݿһҰл߷뿪ķ򣬽ְĿתصżݵϡ
Ц˵ΪʲôҪлߵϵʽԾݰ˰֣󷽷˵һ䣺˭úÿѣ
⵹Ҳǡżʮͬĵ˵ͷ
úÿǺøеġлֱֵּүͷԵġ
ոУ̨ϣҰȡлϴʱٵĸоżݻԼϲĲŮˡ
żʵû뵽ǰСлͬѧôÿ֮ǰѾҰǼ̵олߵֵͣȴҲû뵽ôġô˵أǹƣܹơ
żݲ֪ų̂װͷΧȵȵļӳ֣᲻ָоǲɷϵǣлʮôÿǸ

ͬһʱָ̣еΧ⡣
ڼƵ㻭ʣƵлߣ͸ĳԼĻȡ
û뵽л߾Ȼôÿ
Ҳû뵽֮ǰϵĲʻ棬Ϊ沿覴òŻͲڵ
磬Ƶûɣھʹ裿ʼ˵ûӦֽźܼ磿磿
ֱ˵Ĵ֮ܵעŴ¼ƵƵջأָһʱ֮󣬺ܿϽǵ˷
һߡ
סھƵڵļ裬ϴԡֻ𶯵Ϣʾ
ë˲Щʪͷߵ֮ǰַڴϵֻ
ֻĻʾ΢΢һ£˺ü룬ŽָǸȾطĻϺš
˵ǻ쵹Щ̧ˣڼ迴ӲֻŮǮƵĴһࡣ
ߣ㿪Ϣ
[͸磬ҪƵ]
ҪƵ
΢һն˵Ļ
ȥҰлڳУϱݵĽĿ
ʱʵֻΪһʱ𣬲һ˵û⡣
˿̣ͻȻܷϢ趼˽ǳֵУ죬Ұл߻һ̨ݽĿ
뵽Ұлˣü·Ƶ㿪мĲż
һʼĺֲŻ𡣼üͷ΢壬¼ƵƵ̫¼Ƶ̨ҲǷŴ˺ܶ౶֮Ч
ʵǺӰй١
׼ص
ȻĴָҪϽǵĹرռʱлߵӰ
΢΢򴽣ŻǸϴߡϴŷεлߣջ׼Ƶ֡
һ룬Ŵ棬ڴϣ˫Ľ֮󣬿ʼ濴Ƶ
һʼ̬ɢģü֮͸żĵȿҰΪҪоٶֱסлߵʱ۵׻һĨζ
Ǵαʱ򣬼оҰлߵ̬Щ̫һÿһ֮󣬾ʶлڷ񣬺ΪԷԼһ汻Էע⵽
һ˷ֻΪѼ⣬Ǽ費ôΪ
ǴСϲԵʣ㺸кҰлߵһϲ
ϲ¶ĲԣԲ֮֮顣
ڿ֧˫裬ҲȷԼûв´
ֻҰ۸ڶԸ񣬺ǹҪİüЩ⣬Ϊλл߲ϲ֮顣
ȻлߵϣȷʵһҪ̽|Ҳ˶ˡ
貢һҰ
ȻҲϣĿǰƵĽ̨ϵлҲȷʵǺܶ
ٶϲԵ˶ԣźܴ壬ϸ͵|
ҲӦǽֻȺɣ
ţƵ˫ҲʱӽβڼΪҰлһβĶ˫ͽʱһĻ۾΢΢һ¡
ڿлµʱԭڴϵļ裬ͻȻֱ塣


37 
ֵУ԰̳ʵƵ, һֻעһ˺ţҹ̶ûһֻһ޸ĵĻᡣ
ҰһٹУ԰̳
߸׼ȷ˵ѧڿѧ֮ǰ, ̳
ԴϴżУ԰̳֮, Ұʱʱ, Ҳ˺ȥ
Ҳڿ˵, Ҳظ޵Ĵָ
̳ǵʱעʱִ, дLLLLLL
˿, Ұظ·̳֮ͷ̳ͳ½ǡ
Ϊ̳õĲ࣬ڵ֮ǰҰûע⵽һ㡣ȷԼͷ̳½ǵﱻʾҰһ, ûнȡ
һΪ֪̳֮, ʾֻԳ, ޣܿͻᱻ档
, ΪҰԼһЩ΢˽ġ
Ұ׼¿
ʱķͻȻ, ҰҰ
ְ, Ұüͷһ, 
˲䣬ְŶ롣
ְֻһߵ, ڴϵҰոյˣ
Ұ̧̧Ƥԣ
ְ˵޵˵Слͬѧһ
Ȼأ
ȻѵҪ͵ʲô𣿣ְˡ
šҰ, ˾䣺ûֻ
ְˡ֮, Ҫ仰ı̺ϢЩ
˲ʮ룬ְſڣҪһ˵ţתſȥһһૣҪһ˺úһ¡

Уĵڶ졣
˸꼶ѧҪϿ֮⣬һ͸߶꼶˹У԰˶ᡣ
л߸ǰһŵ׼ʱѧУ
һУţͷվУߵѧ֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬ЩͬѧĿҲǰ͵͵ʱޡ
кü˶ҪǰЩԥӣһŮڼȥʱΪЩ߶ƿߡ
ӦǺ߰ɣ
лߵĶǿȻֻǵƳȥȴһ۾ע⵽ǺŵĶ
ΪУݣ
лߴܲµЩ˻ôעԵɡ
Слһֱ֪ԼúܺÿĳЩʱҲܶԼϵƣȥݵػԼҪġ
УݣҰ˫õ˵һĽβ֣Ұȡϵߡ
Щʮа˾ΪݣԲŻֵúͬ
Слͬѧ簡
żлߵ𣬽ǼǰĽŲ
л΢΢ƫͷһߵԵżݣ䲻ȵĻ˾䣺硣
żѾϰлߵ̬ȣлϵͲʿ˿Ħ°ͣЩп˵֪ǲΪݣٿЩʻ棬ú˳ۺܺÿ
ż⻰˵꣬һл߽У֮һֱлߵ˹
л߲ߣһͷɾĶ̷
ߵлǰ΢΢˶ЩŵĿڣǸлߡܸܲ͡ϵʽ
Ϊ̫ţ˵Щ֣ͣҲʶ߬ԼУӡлΪĻʱ򣬸һ´ۣҶлߵߡ
һԵżݿ˿ԸӦúȴִŵǰҪϵʽֿ˿ƺ˼ʲôлߣʶȤıųĬ
л촽΢׼شͻȻ뵽ʲôһ㣬͵̧ͷѸٴУڴóһǣ㣬ζġ
л߿ϤİװȷʵƽʱԵǸӡǵóֵСʮǮһ
Уʱպðǳˣ컹ûüֻʮֽ
΢ת˵Ļ
лֿԣ͸оҲĹ߱һߴӰסˡ
лƫͷȥӰǱ˫ޱҰ
żݿҰʱЩȵ˵ҰôѧУˣҼǵӦҪȥҵİ
ȥҰشżݣͰĿתվлǰ
ҰĸӸߣƽֻվͻһԼѹȸС˿̣ڵӶʲôҲû˵ȴоһЩĹС
Ұ˼룬ֿԷŵǡ֪뵽ʲôӢͦü΢һһ
һζͣǵ΢΢һԾ򴽣ΪԼ˵ҰҲûʲôµġ
һ룬ǵУԶ˵һ䣺ŰɣҪ
Ұ仰һֱվԭûл΢΢ۣбƳ
ол߿Ŀ⣬Ұ˶٣ܿ͵ҰС䣬ֽŲһ䣺֮ǰġ
Ұ⻰˵֮лջĿˡżȴʼһֹ߿
ҰûżݣУڴóһǣʮȻĵݵлǰʵҪģҪҵģ
żݵͫ׵ǵһʶҰһҰ㱻޸𣿣
ҰһżݵĴС֣ȴлߵĻش
л߿ŵݵǰһģһǣĬҰһǡ
Ұ״΢΢˹ۿɼٶȺ
Ȼûг룬ͱлߵһ仰ˡ
Ӧʮ壬΢ת㡣
Ұɫ΢΢һʵû뵽Ļش
л߰ҰȻϵʽ˵Ǹϵʽһ㲻
һʱЩʧΪڹǰʱ׼Դ˿лߵľܾ鲢̫ġ
ǣл˵ϿϰˣӦҲǸİɡ֮Ǹýˡ
۾˲һô֪ҲǸģոûил˵Լ֣Ҳû˵ԼǼ꼶ġ
ȼ㡣һμʱڶӦ¥߶ģֻͬһ꼶ˡ
ԭͽˡҲˣǰʧҲһɨաлһۣȻһϲõѧ¥ķˡ
ȻûаͳȥҲûҪлߵϵʽл߾ȻǵָоͺñΪԼһԼϲ֪֮С͸ȻֶԷԼӡľϲ
żݿ뿪ıӰֿһ۳ɹ͵лУȴлߵǱȵҰһʱ֮侹Ȼ˵壬ǼҰ⵽Ӯ˻ˡ
ԣ
Щʲô
ʲôӮ˵ġ
żԼգԼЩΪҰĲΪӰ쵽Ĺ룬Ժ߳ȥ
ͼݶ¥Ĵߡ
߮лߺҰѧ¥Ӱ뵽ſһĻڶлеǿ˼ϣת뿪⴦ڼͼ첿Ϣҡ
ߣлߺҰżݵʱϰûпʼ
лλϣǵʮתҰ
Ұͷֻ·һתϢĬƬ̧̺ǰлߡ
ջǲգ
յĻǵĳҲͱζ
ǲյĻԺл߶ǡ
ҰѵЩᡣ
ϰǰһ룬Ұȡ
Űɡ


ʱ
֪ǲΪ˶ᣬʳڵնԾ
л߰չȥŴڴԼԵǴŹǣȻŲһٰλá
ʱлߵԶˡ
ǽȴһ
л߸һ£գ֮䣬ߵλþȫˡ
л߷²һ̧ͷΧѧѵһ˲
л߶һл̧Ƕл΢΢һЦǳº͵˵Ӧÿɣ
л߿һۣ˵㲻ҪҡԭǹλҲǹ̶ģû˭ӦӦ˵
Ұһݵ˫ĺܾʡ
šл߿óֻԷġ̫ϲһͺα⡣
ͦϲǴŹǵġ
֪Ǳһҿʮϵ꣬ǴŹǵζر𡭡
û˵𣿡Ұͳɤੲݡ
Ų̣ǺлһǴŹǡվлߵ΢΢ڵۣһЩл߶
Ұ䣬üɫĽüѹۣ˿Ǵڵͫʿʱ򣬸ͦö˼Լ
˵Ұ۾Ҳ̫˰ɣʱԾݶŲ̣ƿһΪҰѸٻλõŮͬѧżһߵлߡ
վҰԱߣһлߣҸŶӵʱɨһȦûпСлͬѧһ۾Ϳˡ
Ұ̧ƤΪߣ
ԾЩˣ߻ûһװˣ֮һƫƫһ
ֱһʹ
ȻֻҪҰȣٳһһװ˼żݣ֣߾еƫϡ
š
Ǳл߶ߡ
˵
Ծݿ򻹶Ұ
ҰлߵǲЩ̫ˣ
ңеôô죿
ζеĺ񡭡
ϸڣеĻǵһŪ޵Ǹ
żһʼûֱϵĵ׹󣬲Ż
żһѣԾ˲ͼˡ
ϸ磬żݸҰȥԿͿǵһ˵ˡǻǸñȽԶֻϡ˵ִʲô˽ֻ̤֮ۡ
Ϊ֮»ǱȽټǸʱżݾͶ࿴˼ۡ
һԱȣĳǸеһģһ
Ծͬһˡ
ôţԾ´ȥϵЦʱֻα
еڿлߵ֮󣬰лߵˣ
л߶оԾݺżǿ翴ּҰʱһ¡
лߣͼΪԼ⣺лǸҲ˵
ҰѾߣ
ҰеĲͷ͵һڿҰüͷ֮󣬸ǲһ¾վæԼĲ̿뿪ˡ
ҰһЩҵıӰһʮȻлߵĶ档
һԭҲһҲͬʱһվѸٶŲ뿪ˡ
һӵʱ䣬һֻʣлߺ͸ûҰ
żݽŲһŲлߵԱߡ


38 
лߵԼλ, аװȫһ飬û濴κ
ǲ֪˭͵ģǰſЩд˴
ǰߵĻǻȽϷ㡣Ǻ, ҪЩİװ, ȥȷûſ֮ĶȻſȥҵӦͬѧ, ⲿַ֧ǡ
һ, ܰĽЩյת㣬æЩǶԺЩС, ҲǲѧǵһƬˡ
лߵ˴, ܿͿʼЩ, Ϊ˱֤ܸ֮ԭ, лߵĶСġ
ҰһС, һ뵽ЩѧУ͵ģԭ㲻ʱͱЩ꣺ҪЩ
Щͳɤ͸ĳֳζ
޹ؽҪˣл߲ҪȥĽʲôҰС, л߾ͰԼĴ˵˳
Ұ꣬üͷ˲չ
лԼ¾ͺá
ߵлߵǰ, ڵϣ泯л, ҪҰ𣿡, лߵ
⻰һ˵, ʱһǴڼͼ첿Ϣҵļ߮, ߵԼλ
ڷл߶Ұ˵׼Щǹʱ, ߮ʹӽ˽˿, λ֮, ޱƳһҰֿһڲлߡ
͵Ժ
߮΢΢򴽣֪뵽ʲôԭӲѵһ˲ı黺͡
ֿл֮ջĿ⡣
л߻ؾҰİæﶼ֮󣬲ûпκſЩС̨ƣСȣСӣοǳľɣ͵ԺĻҲʮֺʵġ
д𣿡лҰЩôɢ̫ˣҪѧУһ磬ЩãҲ
ûдӣȥСһҰվ
лˣл룬˵ѧ̲֮衣
Ұ΢á
ȵȣΧζԻȫ̵żݣЩɻĳҰ㲻˵֮ǰҪСлͬѧѧ֮㶼ѧУ˻ô̲裿
Ұʱˡ
żһ㶣ʲôʱĵİ
ոա
żݻʲôҰѾߵ˽ſڡ
Ұ뿪ıӰżЩˡ⻹Ұ𣿸ȾȻô
һ̲ջô𣿣
ԣջĲ̲裬Слͬѧ
żݺܿʶص㡣
лߣżô֪
˿̣ڽﰤԭ
ڼ䣬лܺԵĸоͬļ߮ߡ
ӽϰʼλͬûийκν֮ǰ߮ԸȻ䣬Ƕٻǻ˵һ仰
죬߮ȫû˵һ仰
ϵıиǱƽ
л߶Ҳܲµһ㣬Ӧһԭ
УĿ¶߮ûлͲʵʵӣȷҽԺ￴Ͼ
л߲µ˹µˣǲǺ⣬߮ϵֲǴӺζ
ΪԼƭˣ
л벻ףҲ롣Ҽ߮˵ֻһͨͬѧ
л߽װúûӣҰͻˡ
Ұнӹӣһ߽ǹЩȫװȥһʵҰУ԰̳𣿡
Ұ΢΢һ٣һӦлͻȻôһ䣬ǲǸйءǺܿҰ־Ӧòǣá
лߵ˵ͷ̧ҰƫǳͫĹ£ճһƯɫ󣺡ٰһæ𣿡
۾ӡҰģǳƽȻɤö
лߣѻܾܾ
Ұ촽΢ͳʲôæ
л˵̳һлǵЩˣȻ˵һЩȥԺ󶼲Ҫ͡
ҰЦһáóֻлߵУ԰̳¼Լ˺֮л߷˵ӷ˳ȥ
ͬˢҰӵżݣڿҰӵı֮󣬲һվҰ磬ȷıҪôд
Ұԣ΢΢̧̧Ƥ⣺ʲô𣿡дȫûκ⣬ĿָЧʡ
żݾˡ
⼸ҰʶǸҰ
ʲô
˰¥һ䲹׵𣿣
żݷӦôлۣҰıʲô
ҰֱӽԼֻлߡ
л߽ӹֻһ۾ͿһԱĿ⡪
Ұл߶Ժ󶼱ˡ
¥л˵һν͡
ֻڽ˵Եֶ֮һ䡪
psлԺһḺ
ΪҰ֣ӵĵۿɼٶѸл߿¥Сʱ·ظĸѾʮ㡣
[ɶ¥Ұļٵİ]
[Ӧģ˭ðҰ]
[Ұ⻰ʲô˼Ȩ]
[ӦþлҰæġ]
[ԲԣƾҶֱҴǸpsᵽJQζ]
[¥ϵ㲻һˣ׵ľǰٵռ]
٣ռ
л߶⼸ֿ˼룬漴ĿĻ̧תǰҰ
Ұ治ɫ˵ȻѾΪС飬ȻҸ𡣡
Ұ⻰лû˵ʲôֻҰлԵļ߮üͷȴ΢ɲһ¡
ҰлߵС飿
˵ĹϵѾô
߮Ÿֱʵֽһ˲ĸֱʼΪһͣٶֽϻһκۼ
лûٹע̳ӣ˯һ
Ұ״ҲûǰǻصԼλûǰϷ˯ǼˢµĻظ
[Ҿ˵ҰлߵԲףӲõ֤]
[֮ô˵ʵҲɡ]
[ƨ㿴ҰôżݺԾ˵]
ڿԾݺżݣ
ллбں
һ룬żݹ̧ͷͬŵҰЩ˵Ұ㲻ˡ
ż⻰˵꣬Ұյһ΢ϢԾݷģһ仰԰ʧ𡭡
滹һı顣
ҰЩЦ
׼ظһɵıԾǱ߾ַһϢ
[ЦˣҰ˵ʵɣлǲǷ˼]
ϢҰϵıҲɫ
ûȥԼлߵ⣬Ծݱżϸ̫࣬ᷢлߵǵ˼Ҳ֡
Ұ̧һǰлߡ
Է˿˯ůӴⴵķβ΢΢Ʈīһڵķ˿ôһ˲䣬Ұ·ŵ˴лߵķ˿ɢĵζ
Ĵ΢΢һ£ջߺ󣬻ظһǡ
Ȼ
ԾݿҰظһ֣ѵЩӡ
Сһ𳤴ĺֵܣϲһͬԡԾǴ˿ۿظٻǻЩп
ппԾȴ⡣
ʵϣͬ˵ĻԾݻЩ޷⣬úܲ˼顣
ͬлߣôеĲƺҲͱȻ
Ͼлߣڳɫ֮ϵա
Ȼ˵ԾԼ˵ģǳֵѧУ԰̳һͶƱĽ
ҹлߵֱԽλ˵еĻ᳤½š
ֻǳ֣УˣڿлߺҰǶ˫Ƶ֮Ҳʼŷֵ˴лߵϵʽ
ͲǰҰǷֿڽ֮ǰ˵ǱߵóֵһŮ̲лߡ
뵽⣬ԾݸҰϢ
[ûһŮл̲裿]
յϢҰԭЩɢ״̬˲һ䡣
Ů̲裿
Ұüͷ΢壬һлѾʰɾ棬ȷǰһﲢû̲衣
[ʲô˼ʲô]ҰհϢͳȥڽſںлߵ֡
Ұ̧ͷһһŮ
Ůл˯ֱӰе̲轻˰Žſڵλͬѧ
鷳ⱭԲ̲תлߣ˵Ǽ͵ġŮ˵Ѹ뿪ˣͺһⱭ̲Ͳȥһ
裿
֣Ұüͷøˡ
ΪʲôҪл̲裿
Ұ뵽ϣͻȻлǸwink뵽ǴȥףʱǰҪлߵ绰Ϊ
Ĳ
ʵԸ񾿾ģҲ˿һЩ
л¶֮󣬽ͻȻ̲裬ô붼ûʲô⡣
˼ת䣬Ұվǿһǰлߣл߻˯͹ȥⱭ̲衣
̲ꣿ
ҰЦ˺̲ŵı
дһ绰룬ڵ绰ĺ滹һ֣·עż֡
ֿ룬ҰϽⱭ̲ͬһӽͰ
̧ͷɨһ۽һĻͬѧ˵û͹̲裬԰ɣ
ͬʱͷ
Ұźס
Ұˣ߻Լλá
ھ߮ʱƳ˼߮һ˲߮Ҳ̧Ŀһۡ
ԼλãҰóֻˢ̳ӡ
һͿϿε
ϣҰǰڹԹԼűʼǵлߡ뵽Է˵ķѧ̲£ֿһлλ׼Ĵӣʱ⡣
ҵ˺һƬֽдһ֣Ȼֽ۵˼£ǳ׼Ķлߵϡ
ͻȻֵСֽл߶ݵһ˲漴ڼ߮ȻĿ£Сֽˡ
[ڿν֮ҾȥˣѧʱһУſڵ㡣]
ȥңȻִӻרŹΪһ̲л߿һЩʲݵ֣ɫЩĪ
ʱһСֽӺ󷽷ɵϡ
лְһСֽ򿪡
[㲻Ҫתǵʱһȥҡ]
һȥң
лԭǴ㷢ϢģԼ򳵹ȥϾҾѧУЩԶ
Ұ˵һȥôȥ
лţҰǱ߾ǲµôһСֽžͷ˹
[ȥ]

л߼ǵС˵ᵽҰһװĻ置֮󣬾ֻһ֮ûĻˡ
Ұд飬лЩĶˡ


39 
ԴлҰĻ, ҰһȥĻ֮˵ĹϵԱ֮ǰ˺ܶࡣ
ǰڳֵʱҰһֻżݺԾ, ְʱҲҰ˵һЩǴ󲿷, ֻżݺԾݡ
, ֻҪҰûȥҶѧУ, ߾ͱȻһлߡ
ʵ׼ȷҲǡ˵, ֻҪҰѧУ, Ǿһյл߸һ
ԻȻС飬Ȼ͸άֺгѺõѹϵ
˾֮Ķö
֪ʵżݡԾݣԼְ˶Դ˺ܱġ
رżݣȫͲǰǸſקñǿ׿˵Ұ磬ôлǰ, ͱóһеĻ, ְճ˵Ĵǹˡ
ǵģǹ
ʵ, ĳЩ·Ұϣָϡ
˵żԼò˼顣
Ҳ֪ǲܵлСֵӰ, 󹷵Ͷʲô, ڿҰ, ʱԽԽ
ȻĸȻûҰǰ˵˵˹С
ϸ, лĴڣͺ, ֺÿԼżһ΢, Ļڱ޵һɲǼ, һֿȫԱ޵İ⡣
˵Ǻлй׽ӴҰ磬ԼҲлߵദٲô㳬ϲ
żݻҿ϶ѧУﻹкܶ˶лĶ𲻹ֻǳ̶ȵǳ
뵽⣬żݿһſεлߡֻûʼѽѹȥ
ûлݵʱ˵һ£ֱ֮ӾͳûϷˡ
Ҫ䲻ϡ
ҪҰҰ磬żܻһҰҲ䲻лյĸо
żó񣬾ͱοʦֱӵżݣĽд
ͬĳ³һۣС˵żݣ˵˵ⶼڼΪϿοл߶ˣ
żЩŵĿһлߣų³εСϹ˵
³գۣȻþ˵лҲܻûκβ
ʵϣҲȷ³β²ǰ㡣
лȷʵżݵߣûѡ
㣬лתֵڣѾˣҲӦֵͨУ԰
Ȼʱл߻һɲϿʮģûկʱȤǾԣл߻ϲġ
ｻͨǳ㣬ҲܳͨѧУ򵽺úȵ̲衣ϲȣҲϲȡ
뵽̲裬л߾뵽ǰͰ￴һ̲裬̲İװӦ̲̲裬ûȾͱֱӵˡ
Ȼл߲ûжʲôǴһЩͬѧֹٲµⱭ̲ܺйء
Ӧ͸ģֻΪĳЩԭĳӽͰлߴ˵Ŀ˽⵽һ̲ǵѧһλŮ͹ġ
ⶪ̲ĳˣСҰ
ЩҰദл߶Ұ֪ҲǰҰΪˣӦǲԵ޹ʾӵ͵⣬Ɑ̲Ұвʲôˣϣ֮κνӴ
лһ£ǱߣҲûʶˣͼǵǸܡ
˵ܣ⼸л߷ѧ֮ÿ춼ڻعԢ·ԷһֺֿȵżȻϻĳֻɬ衣
л߻еϵġ
̫ϲ񣬵ÿζֻһԶԶĿţûвԵĴյǰҲûȥᡣ
ʦüۡ߮лߵ˼
лԣż߮˹ȥ
Է˶ţде⡣лȷ˼ֻ߮߮һĿϰרдֵģղгѡ
⼸ռ߮ĸоҲЩ֡
ÿÿл߾ü߮ӦлҪʱ򣬶ԷȴʲôҲû˵
лջߣд⡣
߮ڲлߵĿѾջغΪлߵĴЩ壬ҲȻ
ѧʱ򣬽ҵֵлߺͼ߮ɨһİ༶ͬһɨһÿߡ
һһֻʮˡ
ʮͻһΡлߺͼ߮һɨ˺üΣҲǷֹȷ
Ϊֵ߮ȥл߰Լһɨɾ֮󣬾һ뿪˽ҡ
߮ոµװͰϣֽϸһ飬ȷûм׼뿪
Ȼڼ߮ߵſڵʱһɫŮͻȻߣǼ߮ܿļʱͺŮӭײϡ
ŵķ˿ңմҳֱԽ߮һҵĿңлߣлߣ
ûڽ￴лߵӰ뵽ʲôŵɫʱʮֲҰףļٵץס߮ʵлʲôʱߵģ
߮üͷ΢壺ʮ֮ǰ
ʮӡʮӣӦûüţɿ߮־׼ȥ׷лߡ
߮һץסʲô£
˦߮л߿ܻΣգ
߮ɫһ䣬ʲô˼
һһ˵ǵлȥǸɲֿ⣡һ뱨лϴҪȥлǧϵ
ż۾죬˾ȹϵϣңңѧ֮ұһ˰ŹؽһСҵֻУƣлƭȥ
Ҫܳͺˣл˵ѾȥǸɡˣ绰绰Ӧÿϵлߣſ׷ļ߮лߵĵ绰𣿡
ûУ˵Ǹɲֿ߮ɫóֻͨ˱绰
Ѹ˵һַ
ǸɲֿӡǰŻĲֿ⣬ֺܽڻˣܺǼϲۼƭ֮ǰüζȥҵܡ
߮ڱ绰Լ˵
绰ţҪȥǸɲֿ⣬Լ
ҪһȥŴ˼߮Ļֿһ·Щƣ·
߮ﵣлߵİΣִҪһҲûٶ˵
ҲҿŴ·̵߮ʱ˾ɲֿߡ
ҸȫĵطȾ
áŵͷ֪ԼһŮȥҲһܰæ˵ܻϺȣֻֿҪϿ۾ܴ򿪣ȥֱת϶¥
ͬһʱֿ̣¥
ϸһĨ̬Ц۾ֱֱĶվھԼ׿лߣ۵׵ĿȼҪ
лߣһǶ˹ƶ԰ɡܵ͵͵ЦɳƵ͸ĳֻɬҿʼҾͱòԾˣ쿴ݣϸǾε㡭
˵⣬֪뵽ʲôܵͻȻ˹ĺΡ
лüͷ΢壬
ЦģֻǱҹһ
лԣлһĨ⣺ǷнǷ˰ɡɨһܣ¥ֻǰһš
Ӧһ䡣
ܰ˰֣㲻ÿˣôܰǵ¡ܵԵ˷ܺڴ
˵䣬лЩԾ
ڸĸоǾһûпĻ˵۾ѹֵ˷УԼ͸ĳֿ꣬һ
ţһֳԵлߣ˹¸Ħۺ𣿡
˹¸Ħۺ֢
лˣΪʲô֮ǰֵֹˡֻ뱨֪Ƚܴ£֮ȴֻԼһˡ
лߡܵĺţһлߵ֣һɳƵĵţϴýŲңͷ׼ң㡭
ͻȻ ˣһ졣
ű򿪵ܵʷԡ
ɫһ˫ĿĿ¥ļ߮ĶΪʲôҪǣ
߮ûܣܵлߣĿ¼һлߣȷлû˺ĵ׵ĵɫҲ΢˻͡
л߿߮ô
߮촽һ׼شܾܵ˴̼һͻȻʼЦǺܿ죬ЦЦɫֱ
һµĶΪʲôҪµĳ˵ţŲлߺͼ߮
߮ԾЩԵܣʶлߵԼ󣬾ĿԽԽܣѾ
˭֪߮Ļû˵꣬ͻȻһ٣ֱӾóһѵ
߮ͫ͵ʯ֮䣬̧һһѸлҶ
Ȼ߮ķӦѾܿˣһɲǼ䣬ȴǱܻһٶȹ죬ĵֻǻУûлƤ
оա
ܣΪһ³ǰľõ̫أ˱Դǰ˺üǿסΡ
лЩˣһۼִ߮ǱлƵУ߮ոһ룬еĵͻỮƤ
ĺǷʰ
лߵһֿܡ
ܶлߵ΢΢һٴθֳ˹ĺΣƵ˵ţԡʰҰɣ֣Ľţ򶼿ԡ
лĿһۣ֪ģϲԱ֮ʩ˵꣬лóԼЯǰ䵶
߮һлߵһֱŵ
뵽ӦúܿҪˣ߮һһڴл߶ԼʲôܣֿһǱյлߡ
촽΢˼סлߵ˳һקֱӽлλԼҲķ
顱һܷӦ֮ǰ߮ۼֿĽŷˡ
Լ߮һϵвлҲЩ£Է˰ɣż߮
߮뵽ʲôһѸɿлߵ
л߿ܡ
˿̣λһϾɵңߺܰռ䲻󣬶Щͷľ塣
УƮɢһùζ͵ľֽζ
л߽е䵶ʺ󣬽Ŀתվǰļ߮ʲôлߵЩá
Ǽ߮ͻȻôһһҪѵǸöĵ񾭲
˹¸Ħۺ֢
Ҫ֪ʹ¾ʲôƨ֢Ҳˡ
߮Ĭ谵Ĺ£ܽлߵݿУܴлߵֱлߴ˿̵
߮ûֱӻشлߵĻ΢ле䵶ѧУҲһֱ
лһʱЩЦЩԼ̫ܵ𣿡öɤżֲԵ
лһֱü߮˵ԸĳصúƫִԼûзһ㡣ϼɵıȷʵһִֹ˾Щľ
䵭ĮȻѧУʱȴΪж
ϿβҪ˯ֻ¿βڽҺȳԶЩֳ֣ĮԸ෴
ìʱǵЩ̰塣
лЩǼ߮ʵԸģǼ߮ԼĳﰵʾȥԼҪ
߮һ£ҡ


40 
ΪЮ¼ĵ˺ͱǣ, лߡ߮ԼŶȥ¼˿ڹ
ʮ꣬ǱȻġΪ漰˶°ʳ˲ʳĶˡ
һֱܻǼˣҲһͬץѶȻĽû, Ŀǰ, ƱҲܵӦĳͷ
¼ڹ, ֵ߳ʱ, ɫѾȫ
ڵĻϱƯǺܱ׼£¹⻹࣬ǵ㡣
һͱĸĸˡ
Ըĸ֮ǰ, ظлл, ʮ˵һʱúôлл߶ԼŮΰæ
־лߵĹԢʮ๫·̡Ϊ밢㵣, л߲ûн췢¸߸㡣
Ŀĸĳ뿪ֻ֮óһĻϵʱ䡣
ŵʮ֡
Щˡ
һԵļ߮лߡ·£ЩƵĹлߵ, ΪɫŨĲʻ, һ㵭ЩʵĹӰ
˿̵лԵðˣ΢ֻĻ, Ũ˳۽ѹɫͫµӰﶼ޲͸һֳȻ˳ĸо
￴лһ棬ֻǿлߣ߮ѽ߱Ƚϵһ
ʵ, ǻ谵оתԼа͹ŸелߡһЩȻ͹ɸел, , л˱
ҲʵԸ
֮Ի˾, ΪлΪӦһЩضĴ󻷾Ӧ
ң׼ϵĲʻͼڿһ仨л΢΢̧ЦЦƳ˼߮һۡ
ҲбһƳԴֹ˸еһۣһССĹӣⲻ۲תṴһ¼߮ļ⡣
һɲǼ䣬߮оٸУһ˸յļ
ĺ΢΢룬ſڣϵͼ廨𣿡Ǽ߮һлԴص⡣
ҲǵһҪ˽лߴСһƬء
֪置к֧ܶÿ֧ŲһҲ˵ЩŷǷˡͷľرǺȾΪҪԪء
ܴ߮лϵĲʻ￴ĳͼڣǲܱϳʲô
л΢΢üûлش߮⣬˹˵һ䣺߮ͼ˽ҡ
߮ĬƹµһĨӵĺڡ
лת΢Ц˵ô᲻֪ζʲôɡ͸ôζ
߮ԣû˵ֻǶлߵ۾˼룬ⳡȴߡĿתǰûʲôʻ·׼ôȥ
·ƫƧ٣Ҳֵ㣬һЩ
ЩлߵĿǷΧ֮ڡ
˵ҡ
Ǹ𣿡߮һʱ뵽ա
ŶҵС顣лֻ߽Żذ죬Ȼ˿̿ᵽС飬ܺá
С飿߮΢٣Ұ
ţл΢΢ͷ
ôûһɲǼ䣬߮ԼûзȻ䡣
Ӧûӡлʵ˵΢˵εĽͨ߱ȽϾ·βװ
㻹𣿡лָָ̧бĹվ̨˵ȥȳ
֪߮˵ţȴûм뿪
ʱһӲԶûͣлǰҰͣ£ȡ¹ڰϵĴӣߵлǰԤһֶӡ
л߿еĴӣ̲裿
ҰЦԣԲ̲࣡Ӵóݸлߣں¶ȸոպá
˵⻰ҰƳۼְ߮Ŀתصлϣ߰ɣﵥ㡣֮ǰһ¾룬ﵽл߷ԢַǱߣҪʮ幫̫
лߺܸɴ˵һ̲裬һֻʮȻķҰ
վ·Եļ߮Ŀ뿪ıӰڵһĨ֪뵽ʲô΢΢һ£漴ֺܿɿ
̧ʱѻָƽ
һߡ
Ұлߣ̲ԲŴдôһ壬ʮֲ
Ȼⵥٶڻ˵˺ܶ࣬ںҹ£ƽȻƶĸол߶Ҳһȫµ顣
ĺϲ̲衣Ұ΢Ц˵ţ֪뵽ʲôֲһ䣺ԳȻˡ
ţл΢΢һ٣Ұ뻰Ȥ⻰ô˵
ǵǵһμʱ𣿡
Ǹл߶Ǵγӡʮ̡ϾǿҰҲԭصЩ䡣
֪ԭԼĴڣֻеһƶܸ鷢չڻҡ
ʵϣлʵһֱͦɻҲʼûŪΪʲôͻȻӳܳȥ˿̣Ұᵽ֮лߵһĲ²⡣
̲裿
ţþȵһҰŵʱ龰Ұ㱧ϳ֮ٷȥʱ򣬷̲϶˵ķڴһֻʣ֮һ
Ȼʣ֮һ
лЩЦҶȱ˵̲ʱͦ˹ĵġ
Ұô˵лҲ֪ΪʲôȥҰˡǸʱֻΪҰϵ¹ߣڿӦû̲ԭ
ΪҰ̲裬ԶҰȶ˸׽УӦͦϲ㡣лߵԵЦ⡣
Ұ򴽣һɲǼ䣬ͻȻлأϲ
Ұ׻סˡ
ΪˣҲõԼҪĻشټⱾڵл߶ԣûκ塣
뵽⣬ҰͻȻһ䣺лߣѧڽ֮ǲǾҪ뿪ˣ
ڻҵʱΪʦἰлֻڳ־Ͷһѧڡ
ԣѧڹ꣬Ҿͻկˡ
л˵կӣҰεʱżл߹կӵʱл˵ЩסǸկǲǺңݵͼҵ𣿡
л˵ǸկڵƱȽվ򣬵ûС˵꣬룬ֽŵǴԺ𣿡
Ұһȱҵ֮󣬽δļƻЩʵʩ㹻ʱȥկлߡ
л֮ǰҰʵûһ죬ΪϲһʼȥϸµĹ滮δ
Ҳ󣬲̶µʱ䣬л߾ôŨҵӡ
лߵķʣҰʵ˵ֻȥ򵥣Ǵ˹߻ǺһǻߣҰǸ˿ڣỶӭ𣿡
л߻صúܿ죺Ȼúɤ侲ɫȻӵҰĶĤҵʱ㻭һŵͼԺĻͿԸݵͼϵ·կӡ
Ұ͵͵Цڵ۵׺һǹ⣬áһɲǼ䣬лߵһ仰شĳ֮
лôһˣЩӶлߵĿûκεغڣл߲ܶĺøûκβ
ҰܲѲȥ룬лߵһ仰ǷһҪĿԡ
ҰĴĻԽԣŵлߡһ·ϵ˺٣ӭҹˬҰ˿̵Ҳһֺǿҵϲøռ
ϲоǻ·ʵˮݣ࣬Ҳűʪ
ûסͷ˺лߣ۾·Ǻӣô˵ˡ
л߹˹ҰߣЦá

³ѧһµס
ϰѧһֻĸµʱ䡣
ٽĩֵѧȫ˽ŵĸϰ׶Ρ
лȻ༶ѧμӸ߿ѧϰ̬ҲǷǳġ
ʱȥʼ߮߮ԸȻһ㣬ڽʱ˼·ǽ࣬
Ұǰ༶Ψһտ
һѧУĴ١ȻѧУĴˣ˽£ÿ춼л߷΢Ϣ
ʱǾֻһ򵥵簲ЩʱᷢһЩԼĻ
ڼ䣬Ұл߻һȥеҽԺҰȥԼүүлȥԺ
л߲֪ǲΪǴŮװԺڼԼŮ󣬶Իȥҽԭ˵һ£漣¡
ǰԺȥʱ㽻лһӡһźһǡ
Ժ˼άʱдµġ
Ժд˺ܶ࣬л߼ǵ̵ıһλ

һˣҲܵ˵𾴡ɽ飬Ժʱۣ˾ʮĴʮ㡣
ڲʱ룬һӻţҪе룬еͷżѵʱһС⺢ӼٰСϣװú˼άڲѵ״̬ʱȫСϡ
ҺܸлĻԡ
״̬µ˵ǻԡ
Ϊ룬ͷһûȥ磬ÿһ죬ǿֵġ
ڵ֮ÿÿʱǷϲã֪ٵģе㡣
ܳʵĿʹϲһƬá

ֻҪһݣл߾;ЩȻԺĺܲһҲֵ𾴺ϲ
ĩԵǰһ죬Ұ˻ңϻлصһߡ
վںһ䡣
Ұµˮ档
峺ĺˮӳлߵӰӣյĹϣУлߵӰӿúܽۿȥǣ֡
Ұƫͷվлߡл˳ĽëһůɫĹ󣬿ķβںĴķɶ
һַǳ΢Ұһ䣺ͷ𣿡ҰָһԼļ򴦣Сӡ
лü㲻֪置˵ıӲ𣿡˵ĻҪļĿ
л߰Ҳ˵˳
ҰҲüꣿһҲԡ


41 
µ, Ӱ涡
صĵ¥ϣΪǧկ˼ʵĹӰ
ǧկڴľͷƳɵĽ£ڷİš
Ǵźĳȹ, һͷڶ, ҲһɫĻ, ɷ˺ͺɵε׹
ŵϲûдʲô, 俴󣬶ʮҡ˿һеĲһš
ؽˣ֪εţʽ϶á
ǿ϶þÿϾǱǰͿʼιţˡ
εؽկٰ, ĵվ, Ӳ⿪, Ӧòɡ
˵ϣˣ˵, ҴС˵, պǵկһѧ̡֧
ɶϣѧǧկѾкüûѧˡǰ꣬ÿν̵Ĵѧ, 󶼻Ϊԭ뿪õһλҲֻ£СﻹСӣ
˵һ˧Сӡ
λ˵, ʱ, һͳǵб෽
ǧկ𣿡ʮֺ, , ·͸żԵ
λ뿴ĵˡ
һˣһɫİӱկߵСҪߡͷϴһɫñӣñ¶ˣȵЩǻҪÿ
λֱӣҰ΢΢һ¡
ΪİկֻΪлߵļ硣Դ˿̣лͬλ˴ţҰѵøоһ־ΥĽš
촽΢λ˵Ŀע£ظһղŵĻһΣҪ֮ǰܶࡣ
֮ǰҰϸ˽置˽壬֪ٶ֧ϵʮֲͬķԺ
Ҳ˽֮֡
Ǽһˣ֮෴
ղڿѯ֮ǰλõǺڽȻ˵֮бȽŨصĿӦ졣
ΪֻĵͼֻܵҪл߸ĵͼˡ
һ·ߣûΧկʯͷΪ˱ߴկӣſѯλˡ
ǧկСӣկεģ˵мһҹš
ϲƣһ˫۾ȴЦʱһˬʸС
Ұ룬˵ѵġ
ǰ͸л߷ϢԷûлظִ֮üε绰ûдͨΪɽźŲáδͨ
Ұǵл˵סկЩ⣬Ұ֪һֻνŻס˼վ򣬶Ϊɽ֡
л߸Ļĵͼдǧկ
ͼܵկͳΪǧկ
ѰļҵϣʼҰһţһ߽еĴŵ˰ԣҸ·
Ұ˵ͷԼŵͼǰߣžѾվѾҪ·Ĵ㡣
ɽźҰһ£ʱϵлߣλŸ·ҲȷʵһЩ
ţҪȥǧկҰʵ˵
λһѾĽŲ͵һ١
λŵҲЩ֡
ע⵽λ˵ݱ仯ҰկǲҪʲôܽ׼·λžͳҪҵס룿
˵⻰ʱƫͷҰٴĿ⽫Ұ´һ飬ȷϵȷ룿
Ұ΢΢һͷһĵͼдǵַǧկ
ĵͼ׼·λһͻȻ뵽ʲôһ򴽣˼˼󣬲ųҰ֣СӣȰѵͼøҿɡ
ҰָĻŲܿŴл߻ŵͼȻֻݵλǰ
ⰢŵͷֻͼϸĿһ֮󣬲ʵҪҵѽʲô֣
лߣлߡҰ֪л置ûеĻǽʲôżȻԷû˵һ㣬Ǿ˵ֱ˵ҲǿԵġ
ʵ֤ûƶϴ
·λһ֣Ұ˲ͱòͬˡһ̣˱֮ǰҪúеЦݣû뵽Сȵϣ
Ҹ·Цһڰ¶˳ҲȰˣеʾҰǰ߰Сӣҡ
λŵĴ·£Ұһλбϵĵ¥һ˵Եʣһ·˲עĿ
ҰЩסկˣϴ·˻ƱȽϸ⣬ʽЩȽϼ򵥡
Ǵ󲿷˵Ĵţ͸λ·İһҲûдʲôΡЩ˴·Ҳƽʱ֡
СӣҿСȺǲСȶǼʶͬѧ·İŻ
ţϿεʱǰҰлתֵһʱ⣬ڵֳһĨů⡣ǹ٣Ҳһ̱
ǰֲϣֲϡЦеĴȤý

֣ҰĴ΢΢𣬵ͷǵĸȷʵ
·İָָǰ·һֱǰ֮󣬾ĵؽˡ
Ұ˳ŰָķȥŻ߰סԽϣɶůʯʯ̳ɵ·濴Խխߵĵ¥ҲԽԽ١
·ľͷ󿴣ܿѶϵɽ·һƬΡɽ塣
ɽ״Ǻлߵͼﻭһޡ
ҰЦһ
·İſСӣҲǸɣСӦûڣկ
С
ЦСկ峤СȴСһ𳤴󡣡
ҰۣСһ𳤴󣿡
ϣССʱ˵ҪŵĻû˵꣬ͻȻʲô۾һСθһŴбǰԲƽ֣߳Сһ£
·İŽСͣ½Ųת֮󣬼߹ɶ£
ͳأЩԿ
俴ֻжʮ꣬ĺܸߴһͷĶ̷ƤǺܽĹͭɫӲ䣬ſʽɫ
˿̣ȻŰţȴվһԵҰ
ע⵽񣬽ܵССȵѣСȵģ·
СȵѣɣЩ⣬漴һ־ǰҪߵʲô֣
Ұ
Ұɣһ֣ڻʲôСڳʶͬѧ
ͬѧҰǻ顣֮ǰ·ʱҰûȥʲôǴ˿̣֪ΪΣҪǿһ㡣
飿
ݣɣɫ΢٣ڵͫһĨĥ͸ü塣
˵ҽɣ
˵ϻ򵥵ĽԼͶҰ˵կɽ·ߣˡ
ŵ飬ɣ̬Ҫƽࡣ
ҰԼоõԷһų⣬ڸղŵĳ˲䣬ƺӶԷ۾ﲶ׽һ˿úĵ⡣
ȻҲ̫ϲɣˡ

ȥǧկɽ·ȷʵܲߡ
רҵʦ̬ƫһԭʼȻ̬
ɽҶïʢ··᫣źҰݡ
һֵɽ·ϣΪӦ߷ԣò˶ãͻʹ
ҰһǰͺϲȥƫԶشҰ˶·ΣҲǵӦ֡
һ·ϣɣǰ·Ұںţûκν̸
ߵɽʱɣͻȻͣͷҰ˵һ¡˵⻰ɣǰȥ
ҰɣȥǰʹżԶλã糵ӲҶķ϶￴ȥܿ糵ϵҶ
ַ豸ɽߵضõúռ
Ұ糵ڲĳ٣ͻȻ˼O@춯

Ұ˲̲ķȥ
ֻǰ׿ĵطһ׶ߵӲ΢ζ
һɲǼ䣬Ұоһּ½Σ֮Ǳʲôϵĸо
촽գĿǰӲݶѣͬʱ˱׼ȥ÷ķ̵
Ҳʱ򣬿Ȼһ
ҰоǰĲݶʲôʱͻȻһ
һ룬ಡһ£һӰĻɫĶһɲǼ䣬ҰһǿҲһ
Ӧʱ˾Ѿ߬˹ȥ󱳸ֱӾ͵˽ʵӲɡ
ţֺ׵£һϤޱȵ
ͣ£󹷵
öɽ촵磬ǰƮĶĤ
Ұ˲סˣһͻȻʼܿƵļӿ졣
ĺ΢΢ţļӶǴӳϫӿ
һ룬롭
˲룬ѹסǼӳͷ˴˿վǰˡ
л߷ֱ֮ҰлطʱĻ棬ҲԺεĹл߻ʲôӡ
豾Ѿв֪лߣŵģվŵģüЦŵģɺ̲ģÿһŶƯÿ
Ȼ˿̣л߱˵ʱҰŷ֣лߣԶǰ𺳺;ޡ
겻л߳ˣ
οӸ
ü۱ǰһµһ룬Ҳԭǳɫһ޵Щĺ졣
ûٻκβʻ棬ںڵīɢţֻϸϸСӡ
δҶķ϶߲£ΪµٴһƬӰ׹ϳнëĺ챦ʯһƬۡ
ЩԶɫͫĹ⻪ԵɸУһֲκ⣬ɻȻĵҲɻƵߡ
һ̣Ұޱ֪СõѾ˺쾣ɰԵŨҡֱġ
ݵĿҰ˺ܶࡣ
¶һʱ֮䣬ȻӦ
л΢΢üҰñīһڵ۾̧Ц䣬Ұ㶵ʱֽͷϵѼñȡ¡
࿿֣ǷҰĺ󾱴
һ룬Ұͷ˳ѹȻԼĶͷҰĶͷϡǧկĹΪҰĵͳһԢĻӭ
Ұþò


42 
Ұ, þò
˵⻰ʱлѹɤ, ΢΢βﹴһĨǳԵЦ, һƬëɨҰļ⣬һ|Ĳ
һ̣ãӰ߲, ҰֻöͷлߵƤĲλ, һصڻӶ
һβܿƵļӿ졣ҵĽʧȥƽִݺ򶨡
, Ŀл˳ŨܵĽë, ֻƣӹֱͦı˾ɵıǼ⡣
лߵ۽, ıǼ⡣
µһ룬ֻ΢΢ġ״Ư˫
Ұ, Ϳʼɬ, ĳֲʺϵ˼Ҳһ˲
ͣ¡
ҰԼ˵š
ʱټл, ԺﲻֻЩ
Ұݵҷʡ, ˿ǻڷ۵׵һ, һ, лվֱʱ, Ŀⶼ˸
л΢, Щ̿
һ, ҲȷʵܲӵЦ
лߵЦ˼صҰ, ڶлЩζЦ֮, 뵽ԼղŵԳ, һſ˧ӲʵĿѵúһ˲
ʶ, Եһ£ǸҸոաͼʲôȻ˵ĻȴǶ
ƺʶԼʵеЦԼҲЦ
лߵнӹñӣ´ͷ֮ѧлߵһ䣺þò
Ҳ˵⻰˲䣬ǱĺɫԴлߵ̧
лߵļ򴦣Ȼϰ֧𣬶ſҰһѺõ˻˻
ȻǵҰֱܷҰζ˿ڸҰк
ʱ䣬Ϊ߳˺ܶ࣬øˣҲˡԭԲлС壬ֻܲϡ
Ұָ֣ϷС°͡ҲϵԴ˲Ұ
ҲþòҰ˵꣬ڶջϰ֮Ŀתлߡ
뵽ŵǸЩܵĶͷҰ΢΢һ¡һԼǱлĶͷļůʹ˼άʼһֱȽ|ķɢոǸǣ
񡣡
񣿡ҰǹĻȣ˲ͽ˼ֻ֣һ񣿡
ţǧկĻӭ񡣡
ֻǻӭ񣿡Ұ촽΢Щĵȷϵû˼ˣ
л߿Ұ˲ɫ΢΢üһ䣺㻹ʲô˼
Ұʵһͣûлشлߵ⣬˵ﶼôӭˣȻʵʵģл߻ûжй
л˵կһ㲻˽֮⣬ú٣ȻҲûӭ
Ұˣǵһֻӭģ
лЦôΪ
л߸Ŀ϶شҰϲĽ°΢΢һЩһЦźһҾ֪ΪĻ飬һǡ
ҰĻ˵һ룬ͻȻͱһ̶ǺˡǺ׺ˣŷǳҰԵĹԺԸС
Ұ͵һֱΣնΣڵһʱ˽䱸
˲䣬ͱܵĽлߵ󣬳Ǻķȥ
ھԶλãվһƥ˶Ļǡ֫ýȫȿһװңǷֲڱ޵ֻǡ
ֻͣ͸һȻַİϡ
˿̣ƥŷļһֶݺݵֱֱĶīɫ۾Ƿŭ׺ݡ
Ұƥǿ˺ü룬뵽ʲô̽Եĺһ󹷵
˭֪Ұƺһƥǵʱøˡ̧ͷ­һγҰ׶غһϵĹҲˣһҪҧסĺ


43 
ƹ, ҰտڵͫëµӰһ롣˿̣ôֱضл߿ʱһЩģ, ȴһַ·ڶĸо
лܸоֱ֮ǰЩ
ζҰߡ
뵽Ұ˵ö϶, ͲʣģأлüȤĻҰĿ⡣
ʱ, Ұɿлߵ, Ȼһ´λ
л̧̧Ƥ泯վҰ
Ұĸӱͱһ˸࣬ôվ֮ŵлһԱ, ߶Ȳ͸ˡ
ߴνƹ⵲, ϵӰл, ·л˶ΧԼϢ
һֱԹлһĴ󹷵˲侯Ǹо˴Ұɢĳһ, Ұ˷﷢˵͵͵ľ
ҰƳ۴󹷵, һɵͳ͸һ˿ɳƣ֮価ӡ
˵⻰, ְĿƻصлߵϡ
󹷵ȻҰ仰˼, ܴҰ̬, оǶĲмͳ
󹷵ĳҰͺһ, īɫ۾סҰĺ, ǰ֫ҲĹơ
л߿󹷵Ȼȥ
󹷵ûһҲȥ
л߷˵, ʾ󹷵
󹷵Ұһ, ֿлһ, ԥ˼󣬹Թ˹
л֣Ե󹷵ë޵ĻɫԴָӴ󹷵°ֱͣ󹷵īɫ۾İл߲ٴ˵Ȼȥɡ
Ѷһȥлһ²˯ߡ
̧̧Դ붯
лָһ͡
̵˴󹷵
Ȼڶ׼ÿһһ˳Ŵ󹷵ĺ󹷵ıʱ󹷵ֱ˶һš
ȻЩŭ
ߵϵĶƺЩ£ƺǲ׺ö˶˵Ϊʲôᱻߣ˺üٴȥ
δ󹷵ûֻЩĵĳлߵһл̬ȼͷſȥ
ڿ߳ȥʱͷ׶Ұһۡ
ҰҰֱӾͽ󹷵ˡ
˿̣עȫлߵϡ
ôл߿˺ü룬뵽ʲôһ̧ǰһߵлߵߡ
ۣӸµĿλϵлߡ
۵׵⻹δôȥѵġ
л߻ǰһοҰʱԷ֡һҰʵ֮Ұ׼Ʒ裬ɴֱˡ
ȻлЩǡ
һ룬ҰȻͳһֱǰȻ˫ֱסƵĽദ
лߣ
лߵͷҰķʱЩ΢
Ұƣӵ
ûдΣȻҰҪϵˡ
лţҰ˵ҵ㡭ģءҡ
ΪлߵҰⷢҲǵƵġ
˵䣬лϣʹлһƤҲȾ˼⡣
л촽΢򣬡
˫ֹϵҰ̧̧ͷлһۺҡͷ˵䣬ֽȥ
ƣͺлӦҪһֱлߵĴ͹Ҽ
лۣ漴֣ķҰͷϡ
Ұ˵ӲǷ˿ȴ
ôָУʹ󹷵еһƴ
ôһлûסЦΪԼȻҰʹ󹷵Աȡ
ΪҰʹ󹷵̣ڶ̶̵ļСʱһһǾͶΣһ˲佫Ұʹ󹷵ϵ
ҡҡͷл߽ƮԶ˼ת¡
ǽڷ˳ָûҰķ˿΢ʹ˼Ұ̧ͷôһ
Ұ͵͵һһִֵɵ
лЩЦʵЩû뵽Ұ֮Ȼӡ
ҰղŻ˵˴󹷵ɵôһ󹷵ƺҲ˶١
˵ںȾ֮״̬ʱֳĳЩ󣬿Դĵһڴֻδɵź
ԺǱʶ˱ᷢ֡
Թ£Ұꣿ
뵽⣬лߵ΢ˡ
ҰԶǧɽկ֮ĵһֱȻǵģء
ʱ򣬻ͦ˼ġлЦ˼˼֮ҰǱֱۣ˵ַſڻؼȥá
Ұʶʵʲô
л߿һۣʺϡ
ҰһԹԷˣ㡣ǵлߵļҾֻмӵ·̡
ӵĵ·̣ؾʮӡ
ʮ֮лűʺƵߵͷʱҰһʼȾʱǸλá
λǲŵķ
л߽ʱ򣬿Ұǲƺһ¡ȻȲԣǱлز׽ˡ
л΢΢ü
׾ƵĶߣҰȵҲࡣ·̵ʮӣҰƲаСʱ
Сʱ
л۵׻һĨ˼߹ȥڵϵҰ𣿡
лߵѯʣſϵҰ̧ͷ
ʱʵѾһ룬ȻɻܵôƾӰ죬˼άʶЩѾˡ

Ұû˼̫ã
˵仰֮󣬾ʹлߵߣԼл߶졣
лƯһ΢΢һҲʱȷˣҰӦѾһ롣
Ұû˵Ҳûеơ
Ұ˵ҹ
Ұվл߽Ϣķ
Ŀռ䲻װȽϼ࣬ûʲôҾߣһƫɫĴ齣һӣԼһӺһбİʡ
Ϸĺɫɽʱȥġ
ҰһվǰлߣĪЩš
ֽţִͳϵĽţɶ֯һġЩص˷ܺڴ
лת΢΢̧һ°ͣʾҰ齱ȥ
Ұ߹ȥ£лһߵǰ
䷿ĵƹⲢЩʵĹлߵϣ¹һΪɫͫһȦϸƯĹΡ
ҹﱻˮݹ
γġ
ϸһѱ
þˣĽ඼·ᱻҡ
Ұĺᶯ˶΢΢ƿл߶ӵĿ֮󣬿˵ӦҪ·ɡ
ʳһ֪ʵ⣬Ѿһ룬ɤȴ֮ǰͳɳơ
лЩЦһ䣺أ
Ұ˵ˡ
һ롣
ϵĦɫ´Ұ䵽˴ϡ
л߲ûмŻȴҰȫ¶ϰ
ǰҵʱл߾֪ҰĺܺáȥˣҰƤȻǰ˺ܶ࣬ǼķֲԼ·ȴԽˡ
ֻ۾ܿǳʵƯ¡Уȴš
߽£ûڿУ͸һǿɬ
Ĵ䣬ͻȻ΢΢һ£Ϊ塢ΪŬӿʱŻе|Ӧ
л̧ۡ
ҰһЩɬ˫лߵĿƵ֮ǰһͫеıڲء
лҰ£ëϸëմ˺ɫϣһȴӼʼ»
Ұ˵ͷӺ﷢һͳš
µ˲䣬ǻŰʪϵĺëлߵִ£ӴҰƤ
ġ
Ұȵġ
һɲǼ䣬ҰܵĲһ£ҲȻ١
л߿һۣ漴ִʼ
ϸĺëЯźɫϣһ绬ҰƤ
л߻úϸ£Żʵĺëƶšרעú˿̵Ұ۾ȫ
ҰлߣȻ֮뵽ǰлں̨Ϊͼڵ¡
Ǹʱ¾лߵıߣڣȶڼĸоǰһθ
ܾ
Ӵⴵ磬ǵûɢڵȣ˼άԽѣĸйٶø
Ұ촽򣬴ӱǼϢ⾲׵ķԽ|ٶ|
лߵлƶĺëʼ⣬ǵȼĳĻ硣һƬëļ⴦ɨ
һһµģ࿪ʼɪɪҲ|ȹ|̡
ĳĲۻĶͷǷһϸϸı
ëʼлߵĻ滭£ԽƣҰͱԽ˺棬ĸһ˱ĹңļչʾپĻȡ
оݱ仯л΢΢һ٣עӻ滭ϳ롣ŷֲ֪ʲôʱҰǰ鷢Ѿˮʪ
ΪӰҰһʼûжһ¡һǿ׳ߴ꣬˿ȴһͷ͵ʳޣ¶ĶƤ
壬źˮȴŬŵģʵл߾ú˼
۸һ㡣
ôҲû
ΪȷʵǴ˼Ϸ֮ġ
ֿҰۺлߵĴ΢΢ϹһĨǳĻȡ
ƺ뵽ʲôβ΢Դ˸еһת˼ֽ鶯Сʹ׺µ룬Ҳһ̱Խġ
һĻ۵׵Ұʱ缱ٵĹĵ㣬顭顭顭·һҪ
ĺ˵ʲôҡȻŸһڣͱлߴˣ
ҰһʱûзӦʲô
˵ȥлñͷһҰĿţһҪһֱôۡ
Ұлߵ˼ûԥ˾ֱһƽɵ˴ϡ
֪ǲΪ¾˯Ĵ⴦ֻлߣҰĵ׷ӿ˼ȥ֮øŨˡ
л߲֪Ұ룬ܸоҰĺ֮ǰָЩ
ʼҰĸβΪ齵϶ӵᣣڵһֵƹ⣬Ϊܿøøϸ£лߵϰҰбࡣ
һбҰľ룬ȻͱˣıϢɨҰƤ
Ұؽ˽ڵ۵ʹ±ޱӿİڲϾۼ
ڽͼβһʻ֮лջرҰûзҰһ㣬촽΢к󱳣㻹Ҫ𣿡
͸һζô۽ҰȴҰĻش
ΪŷĵƣʱůɫĹлߵĲΪͦµıǹͶһƬϸӰ
һڹһλӰС
밵γĳֽУ뵽а
ҰлߣڼӿĸǲɶƵĿ
ڳ˵лߣǸʱлߣ͸ںƣ޷תѱУǲκι⡣
ɫ۾㣬ͫ͸ұУһӵйƻаյ˵Ļꡣ
һУ𽥳١
ʼն

ùƻĵ置
һ
ֻߣٲȫ⡣
ôţҰҲװһ룬л׼ʷŻȥ޷֮ʱһݵķԼٶȽлѹ¡


44 
⧲龰תлһ˲, û뵽ҰٶȾȻôѸٶݣЩûӦ
ȻҲûзԵʡ
, ľ֮лߺܿ͵, Լѹ·ҰȻ, ߴҰʱĿʱ, Ұǹֳȵȴ΢΢һ㡭
лߡҰһֵ͵ͻлߵ֣|ȵ|Ϣ, ֿ֮|ⲻ϶ѻૡ
˫ֳлߵ࣬϶µꡢ置ꡣ
˿̣İڵ۾źεİͿôôλεġ̻¶лǰ
һ˲䣬ҰԺðԽ뷨
һֱѹšŵ룬Ҳһӿ|̵|ʼ, , ˳ѪϮ֫ٺ
лߵ۽ΪȾʪ
ݺ˫
β糺졭
Ұ˺ܶܶࡣ
, ֻǸ, |ȵĴ|꣬лߵĶͷһǳȴֳ|ȵǡ
лߵ˱䣺㡭
˵һڣһαҰˡ
Ұַлߵ˫ϣĶסлߵ
лûбܿҰ, գһ۽, ҰĿ⡣
Ұīɫһڵͫĵӳģôרע, ֱŨ, Ҫ˶ɽһ㡣
л߶˵֪һֱǳ, ǰܸоҰϲġǸʱҰΪС飬ҰĸоȻҲͶ˵Ĳһ
лߺҰȻȷʵЩͬȴǲζ
ҲҰϲж
ȻлЩû뵽ǣҰկˡ
л߶Щд
ҲΪһ˲ĶݣûڵһʱȥҰĽ鷢չ־档
ע⵽ле˼Ұл˫ƿתлߵľࡣָ⻬лߵ򥣬ȥĦһл߾һСС롣
ţԼлߵգ|ǵĥ|ţñ˴˵ķ˿Ħ|ｻ֯|Ƶһ
Щʱ|ִ|صĺлߵĶ
ñǼл߷˿ƮɢϢ
Ȼǧ컵뷨ǵҲֻôһֹֻ|ġ|||ĥ
Ұ֪ڻʱ
Ҳ̫ԼлߵĹϵøʵ䷴Ч
ЩҪġ
Ȼһ㣬ҰȴٻЩġǣһɷӦ΢֮󣬴ĳֱԵģҰſҧһлСɾµĶ
ΪлߵĶϴë׹ҰҧԵ˼лֱܸӵĸܵӴ֮ʪȡ
олһɲǼ΢΢һµ壬Ұ΢һ룬л߶֮ǰӦһˡ
վڴߣлߣĿ䵽л΢üͷЩһ´ǣƽˡ
лһ±ҧԼĶ䣬Ұǰ󲻴߼Цˣǹ𣿡
ҰЦˣ˵һ䣺Ҹոͷ
лüأһ˵һߴӴȻʼԼҵ
Ұ˵ǰ˵˵ͷ˾ͱ뵽ǼĿ
л΢΢һ٣Ұ֮һ۾ģ
ȻҰָָԼǸڵϵĺɫɽ㿴Ҿֻôһǰô㶫û⣬ҪãҪ֧ˡ
СлͬѧĲһկ棬ȥҵĿҰʼԼ㿴ǿ׳ܳԿ࣬ԲԿ
ڲȱ
ͷҰлһۣûзۣͼ˵ڲȱԺҲȱ
лߴףƺ˼
Ұ״˵δѣ𣿡
л߲ÿɷЦһҰ겻ڲűˡ˵⻰Ϳʼʰ𻭱ʺϡ
Ȼл⻰ûȷĻظǻﻰҰƷһ˿ԡߵлߣ׼ȴ˵лߣҽҵ¡
˿леĻ滭ߣ뵽ʲô˵һԵרģأ뻭ʲôϻԿһҡ
СлߴҰ
Ұ۾һӦˣ
ֻǴӦǣл߿һۣģҪؽڹ֮ȥȷ
ؽڣҰ΢һ£뵽ԼѯĹ置һЩͳʽ˲ЩȤ置ʮžٰһεǸؼ룿
ǧկ·ʱдλĵ˿ؽ⼸ۡ
ԣСл߿Ұע⵽еζлβ΢΢ܸȤ
Ұ֣ɷµ˵ϾҪ꣬ؼ־置ظеʽȻҪ˽⡣
Ұ˿¶ԵĻʣл뵽˶Է֮ǰȥЩ˵ȫİ置֪ʶ棬뵽˶ԷǹִҪ˵Լִֹ
ļƱʲôһ¡
ᣬȴ޷ӡ
Ұƺûвлߵ仯
˵ţ֮ǰϲѯΪÿկӶв죬Բǧկؽھġ
˵⣬ҰɽϣѷΨһλڳлߵʱҲ磬ܽҽ
лͬˣҲûҰֱ߹ȥ֮󣬾Ϳʼ
ؽ置ΪͳĽգһٰ졣
һ죬ȫկŮᴩʢװȥţۿţ
ڶ죬ͷὫμӶţţɱȻغȣկȷǣ
죬ȫկδŮկѡһӦĵطжԸ衢«ϡͭĵȤζǷڻ뿴ۡ
⣬Ұһ죺δŮ΢΢üǹ涨˶ȥ
лߵͷô˵
Ұⲻ״𡣡
лٴεͷ˵ҲôΪ
ҰĬˡ
ͻȻЩңԼؽ֮ǰկȻ֮лؽϣлߵܻӭ̶ȣָᱻ˱ס
ΪҪԼ鴦ãѾꡣڰźһУ˼ɵĴҰñ˿ӡ
žһплߡ
뵽⣬Ұĳ˼
л߲Ұ仯һɫӣ˾䣺ʲô
Ұ治ɫĻصһͦ˵ģܲμʮžٰһεؽڡ
㵽ʱԺúøһַΧл˵䣬վʱҲˣôԶͺúϢ
ôҪȥˣҰʣٸл߶˵˵
Ѿŵˡ
֮ǰεʱ㲻ǹʮ붼û˿ҼǵǸʱ㻹ڿ̽¡ҰĻû˵꣬ͷĴžͻȻ˴ˡ
һ룬һǳͳ洫˽
СȣҸȥ㣬û㣬ǲǻ⡣
һҰӢͦü˲һ壬ɫӡ󣬾·Ǹɣ
ȻɣлߴСһ𳤴󡣵лڲڼҡֻãӦöлԼ£ɣǲǹܵеˡ
Ӧҡл𻭱ʺϣװ´һҰĿԼҰͼͣ˼룺ðֻġԼͼڻ⡣
ҰûзӦ⻰˼ʱл߾˵Ϣߵһ㡣
ϴЩһ˸ľͰˮ仰֮л߾뿪˷䡣
߳ȥͷĴ˳ֹ֮󣬿վɣʲô£
¡ɣҲϻֱ˵Сʱǰҿһš
ţлЩ⡣
կȽ⣬կʱǶ⿪ŵġҪկҪôկ˵룬ҪôҪ嵳֧ǵš
ǰ߾Ӷࡣûгֹˡ
ԣţ֧Ǳģ˵Ǵ֮󣬻моҪһֺͻشݺƵĲҩ
˵⣬ɣ΢΢ͣ˼룬۲һлߵɫż˵СȣկĲݹŴģ˲ݹűˣկԲҩЩ˽ˡ
˵ģʱҪæǼоһ㡣ɣʵҲܲлȥЩ˽ӴСȣ㲻̫ԸĻҿٸ˵һ˵ܲܰկʶҩȥǡ
лû̱̬˵һʲô
ɣǰᵽģ̵֧¡
лɫ΢ɣ˵⻰
ǵԭУ置ֶлߣֻһˣһΪƶ߮½Ÿ鷢չڻҡ
ΪֻǰڵУ԰жл߸˵ıϢЩ¼ú٣Ҳûᵽȥ־Ͷһѧڵԭ
ʵϣ֮ԻȥѧҪΪկΨһһλѾʮˡ
ǰʮ꣬ͷڴУѾǸݵ͡ȥկеĺӶ顣
ˣȻկֻܶϿΣǱϾֻһλʦοΣһ켸Сʱӹǵ׻ЩԲ
կе峤п֮󣬾л߳կȥѧϰһʱ䡣˹õ֪ʶ֮ٻصկæֵһЩγ̣ôۡ
֮Իѡл߳կΪկ˰֮⣬Ӵˡ
ڰʱͱկӣ˽ꡣȻûȥѧУϿΣǰרͥʦżҲ
ҲǸʱ㷢ڻ滭ϵ츳ȥϵͳԵѧϰ˻滭
ܵĽʵЩѧУϿεѧȣû̫Ĳ
ҲΪһĻ˼ӴˣǰŻկȥĸУ־Ͷ
ĿǰǧկһҲֻλʽְʦ
һλҲݵλ
ǰɣȷʵ˵һλѧǧկν̡
ȻǧկǧկͳΪǧկʵر˵˸Ͳ֪Ĵڡ
̵֧ĴѧֱͨĬΪȥ顣
ɣ˵СҲ֪Զȱ
̵֧ĴѧѧǰĴѧߣǰ˴ѧ˵ڶо
СկУӴˡͨҲ˵ΪбȽصĿ˽㡣
˼Сȥλѧúùͨһܲ˵λѧ顣
ɣǱǿ϶ûģҲκֻҪλѧͬ⡣
֮ͨλ̵֧ʦǲԸ⵽Ҳû¡ϾҲǾΪĺȡˡ
Էͬ⣬ȻõĽˡ
ףܹ黹һԵģܲܰλʦȡ
ʵɣ˵ЩԭǸΪ峤İһСȡ
ɣһЩ˽ġ
ʱСȵǸҰĸͬѧկĹأϵʱСȾҪȥҰžơ
ǸҰˣȻںž֮󣬾ʶȤС뿪ֲСȺǸҰ˴̫ãŴϵл˵Щʵ˵¡
һ˽ġ
Ϊһ峤һǰѾеˣԼİΪ£Ҳ˵ùȥ
ôţɣлߣȴĻش
л΢΢򴽣¹ϣ·Ϊ˸һǳɫĹΡ
ƫǳɫͫףҹɫ±ȰտһЩ˿תһĨ˼˺ü룬Ų̲Ļظ˵£֧û⡣ν̵λѧǧկҾͻȥͨƼǸҪúÿһ£𸴡
áɣЦЦûپ϶˵ǿлŵľӣ״һ䣺ˣװǻʺϣ
ʵһʼɣע⵽леӣüΣ֪лʱڻʻʱ򣬾ͻõӡ
ոռСȳʱûСϿκβʻ棬ڲ²ЩǲǸǸҰõġ
Ϊ֮ǰҪ˵ֻȽʱѹѾ˵ˣɣʵûס˳
ɣʵ⻰лû̻ش𣬶Ƕɣ۾ţƺڹ۲ʲô
ɣ˿ȣ˵ôˣҾʡ
лû˵һǰɣеζŨˡ
лͻȻĿɣʱЩŵ˫Щҿлߵ۾Լ۵һ˿ⱻл߲ҲԼСȵͫȥ
ʱøⰲɣ΢΢һ£лߵ񣬴˵ʲôȻûпڣл˵㶼֪ʲô
վֱ壺ֱ˵ɣ㵽ʲô
ɣһ¶һ˵ı顣
ȻЩڣлߡ
ɣЩڨڨͷɴֱ̹ףðɣʵǲҰϻ˲ʻ棿
лߵͷ
ɣ״ʱһɬƳƳ죬뿪Ц㶼ûһء
лƳһۣΪ峤Ķӣȱ˸㻭ʻ棿
ɣ˵ǲһģл߾ͲĿڵˣˣҪȥ˯ˡ˵꣬л߾תԼڵķȥ
ɣһлߵıӰ΢΢˽ôվԭسĬ˺һ֮󣬲Ŷ뿪
Ķʧ֮
һֱͷ΢΢ߡлߺɣ̸Ұվ塣
лߺɣŵ̸
֧ƼţоҲҩлߴǣ
ʲôʲô
ǸͻȻ̵֧Ĵѧ
֪ΪʲôҰһֲ̫õԤС
ܾƼǼʲôҩоǸ̵֧Ǹѧ˵߲ƣĪһ˿ֵľ
ûκԵɣһֱ
Ұ촽˳ĽëտڵͫϣͶµӰסе
һߡ
ٽǧ̶һڴͷļ߮ڸԺŵ绰
߮ȥ置Ǳߣ
ţ絽ǧ̶塣
ǾǧկӦòԶˣ˵⺢ӣôȥ֧̰ǵطɽˮԶģȵDС
ͦõģ羰ʷ塣
ҿ֮ⲻھưɣԺʱЩζӳ¡


45 
⼸߮Ǹʲô, ԺҲǿ߮Ϊʲôѡȥǧկ֧̣Ҳ֪
պл߾ǧկġ
߮ΪգȻΪлߡ
Ժ񶼻ǵ, ڼ߮һѧڣѧû, һѯлߵ顣
߮ԸҲ֪ġ
ƽ, , ³һûʲô, Ҳٻʧ̬ʱ
Ǹʱϸֳַ·ʲôĻţʵԺ¡
С⺢ӵ飬֪ʵҲࡣȥ磬֪Сǻϼ置
ʱͦɻģΪʲô߮ô֪лߵ١ֱú俴˼߮ڿֻһƬ
Ƭıں, Ƭһ置εꡣ
Ȼʱʱ, ߮ܿͽֻĻϨ, ͨǷǳص置, ϳƬ꣬ռҵСȡ
ҲǸʱӼ߮ǻûüȫεһͷûпĻ, ߮ʱǸ, ǿѵ, ǡϲˡ
ǻ, һΪԼ̫ࡣ
ϸһ, ŷһƺҲǲܡ
߮лǸͬѧ
ȻС⺢ֻһѧڣ˱Ͼͬϵлڰϣ߮ദǸˡ
ԺһҲлߵ⺢һƯ˵ݣֺܻɣܻԹɫѲϲ
ټС⺢ϵرԣǼ߮߱ġ˵һԽȱʲôԽױӵԼȱԵ
⻰ڼ߮лϣĺʡ
һһ֮󣬾ͷּ߮ϲСȣƺҲôŵ¡
뵽⣬Ժ̾һеĶȻѾȥ置ǱߣԵҲ˵ˣǵչ˺Լ
ԺеĹģ߮ЩͣصҲһ
绰֮󣬼߮վߵǰ˴
ǺƯ£¹ࡣ
ס޹¥˿̣Ӵǰȥ¥ĸ߶㹻һƬŵƹĵ¥
ڵ¥ĺǸʵɽ壬ͦεɽɼԴľܾףܴӿŵһɺܵŵ㡣
߷羰
һ߮ʵû˵ѡ
ͼʾǧ̶壬ǧկдһٶ๫һ뵽лߵļ磬߮һڴС
ǰӾ¼ڹʱͶлߴСĵط˺棬뿴лסǸկġ
ٹ죬߿ĻܵǸկӡ
ǧկ
߮Ĭһկ
׵¹ϣΪҵüȾһϸĹΡ

ǧկ
һ磬ߵ׼ʱһл߾ͶһɫŴ׷ͷ
ȽŴ׷ڲϣȻȥҰסһӵķš
лԭΪҪø£ŲŻῪ
ŸһžͱҰˡ
Ұһɫ㣬ϰһɫñ£Ӧ˺һлע⵽Ұ鿴Щίٺƣü֮͸ôһɢľС
û˯ã
Ұҡͷֺܿͷ
л߲²ϴ
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Ϊʲô
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ɣһ۾촽ӲĽ
Χͬһл߲ûиоҰɣֻ֮жԵİӿҲٲµǺԼйء
ҰϲԷҲѹûдΣرǵկ֮Ұһлźš
ɣ֡
ȻСʱɣڿŮװ֮˵ȢϱĻǸֻǶʱϷԡ
л߰һٺҲû档
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͸һֺĵ΢΢ϳβƽ˼ỺĴ, ǳҹı硣
Ȼֻж̶̼֣ɫ͸ոǸƺһ, ü߮üϤİ
֪лʮа˾žǧկ
ѡﵱ֧̣ҲΪлߡ
Ǵ˿̣ʱ࣬ٴлһɲǼ䣬߮ﾹȻһҪӱĽŸС
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֪лٴμֻһı顣
һлߵļ, ֻദ˼, ҲȻǵΪͬ
һ, ߮־Լл߶, ֻһ޹ؽҪĴڣл߽, Ҳ֮С
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Ұڿ֮߮ԭЩɢҲ˲÷Ľü֮£һ˫տڵͫ䡣
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߮űڵֽ˽ԭĲˮ˿УҲЩɬ
ܿ죬ɫƳҰһ֮Ѹٵ̬
߮ҰԽǹǰʲôԽ˵л֮䣬ʵûʲô
ڼ߮侲ɣûôȻˡ
߬ȭô᲻֪Ұǹġڣ֪ҰǹôģҲҲʲô
ձùĵˣлֻǵб˳۽΢΢ɨ֮󣬾ԵƳһҰ
ǵûմˮգԼȻ
Ұü΢л߿˲䣬ĺڵͫ޹ö˶
ղԾ峤һǽϹŵʱӣ˳Ƴ룺СӦûû緹ɣȥҼҳ緹緹ٴСȥ롣
лûѣһЦá
峤ļңڴרŰ칫ĵ¥Զȥֱ߼׾͵ˡ
ֻ߮һ䡣Ϊʱȥʱ򣬻ᾭ峤ü߮Ȱ⣬ʡȥ鷳
·ϣ峤ǰ棬΢΢벽ļ߮˵ŻɫĽǧկʷĻס
ݵ۾񣬿߮ʱϸǴԵЦ⡣
ѿϲ߮
峤˵߮ʱʱһ䣬ǡôǸ˾ĮĶȡ
ûö೤ʱ䣬˾峤ļ
峤СȳȣһлߣǺԲԲ۾ʱЦһʮֻܵлߵǰ̧ͷлߣ÷ĻӭţСȰãӴ
ҰѧСкã
л߽͵ǰ˼
СȳȵͷȻӿڴóǵ
Сȳȿлϵǣ۾һߵʱ򻹲лллСȰá
л÷ԶСȳ˵λøϡָָҰ
Сȳȼ״Ұǰ̧ͷӸߴҰٴεһлллá
Ұһ׾żߣСȳվǰֻϥϷûԶСȳҪͷ̧ϸ߲ܿҰãøŶ
Ұһ漴ͶԼ۾Сȳȵ۾ƽӵһ
ǰСк۾Ұѧл߸ղһСȳȵͷ˵ԺҲ᳤߸ߡ
߸ߡ
ҰõһʣлЩЦ
Сȳʣ᳤ô𣿡
Ұͷᡣ
СȳʣҲôͷ𣿡
ͷ
Ұһ¡
Ȼ֪ʲô˼ǿСкݵǾǺܺõĿ޴ʣҰܸɴĵͷᡣ
СȳˣĵĻصлߣл˵СȰãȳȳȳǸôߴ󣬾ͰȢؼҡ
Сȳ⻰һ˵꣬ͻȻһƬš
Ұ۾΢΢һУȢؼң
СƨС
Ұ˲Скôɰˡ
߮ҲСΪȳȵСк
ɣ΢΢üЩ÷ԾȳȣСȰϣȢ
峤ЦſлһۣȻһ̣ĵԼȳȲ˵
û˵Скķ˵СȰկÿˣҪȢÿ˵ϱ
峤Щεķ¶ͷ׼ԼúýһҰ˵һ䣺ûˡ
СȳȲ⣬ʶʣΪʲô
ҰлһۣΪ㳤СȰѾɱ˼ҵˡָԼ
ȻҰû˵
˵СȰûҡ
㡣
ᡣСȳȺִܹСȰò
ᡣҰҲִܹ׼ߵСƨпʵ
ᣡСȳЩˣ˵θˣҲЩ׵ģҰټô˵ȥҪϲȻĿһ

ˣлߴҰʵû뵽ҰôɣȻС꣬ѵҲꣿ
лô֮Ұ̾ʵˣ΢΢üаɣҲ˵ˡ
һһֱû˵ļ߮лߺҰ֮ȻȻĻ΢΢´ɫ˰
ȵԷʱ
лߣҰ߮Լɣˣټ峤һڣպʮΧһԲ
߮峤ֱߣɣֱߡ
лߣлߵһҰҰ棬ĳȳȡ
ΪǰҰͼСаû룬СȳڳԷʱ򣬾һֱһߺߵģͰľ׽ţʮֿɰĹ
ڸոգСȳȾˣϲˡ
󣬵лǳ극׼뿪ʱСȳȶûٸҰ˵һ仰ûô˵ļ߮
Ҳóͷ
ʱСк뷨Ǹ򵥣ϲͲϲһ˵ʱ򣬱ֵҲʮԡ
ԭ׼߮˵ڼҰлһ֮󣬲ҰлվôֱС˹ȥлߺҰм䡣
СȰãСȳֻСлߵ֣Ƶ˵㲻ܸһˣ
˵꣬л߻ûлش𣬱ҰͲһ䣺ôͲܸһˣ
ǲܣСȳĹĵĻͷԲԲĺɫ۾ҰΪҪСȰã


47 
ΪҪСȰã
Сδѵһÿ˳š
Ұû˵, üôڵͫСȳȿֱڰСȳȶЩʱ, һЦ
СȳʮֲĿ£ҰҲ֪뵽ʲôܺõĹ˹ٴЦһ¡
ڿСƨͻȻ־˳ˡ
СȰã
СӶֱܸоʤܴ
šô˵أȼ֮
۹Ҳǳ׼
ۻжٸݺݺࡢţΧлߣյǸʤߡ
Сƨδ֪, á
Ұ, ƽСȳȵ۾, Щ͵˵һ䣺۹ġ
СȳգգԲԲ۾, գգԲԲ۾ǳ¡Ⱒô£һһȰ, ͻȻʼ

СȳߺߣΪ˵, Ҿͻϲ
ȳȣ, Ҫȥ롣Ск賯
ޡðɡСȳЩԸӦһ, 漴ָлظһղŵĻ, СܻصԼİ

峤ҳ֮, лȥһʼǸ¥
߮úԼ䣬ɣ
ɣκлһɽ, Դ峤塣İǰȥԵʱС˽, Ҫ, 뵽Զ͵ɽ·
ټ, ؽڵҪԸ֧صһЩ飬Ȼʹ󲿷ֶ˸ˡ
ɣԼ߮˵ʦøСɽ·ܲߣ䲻ֱҪ
߮Ϥ·Σǵһ᫵ɽ·ôһŵ䣬ȻǺأɽ·ȷʵЩšһʼã˺棬ٶȾ
˿̣ɣô˵ۺϿʵ֮󣬼߮Ҳûѣݸɣͷˡ
ɣЦһ£Ӧõġ
ʵһʼ͸ģֻΪʱ飬ټֶλ֧ĿĴĳ΢ǱʶɣԶ¡
ǲӦõġ
ɣҷʡһ£Ȼ߮͵ԭǸţɽΪվؽڣҶɸѡţʱţһ㲻á
߮΢΢ͷǳȻĽҹ˸ղŵĻ⣬˼ؼ顣
ᵽؼ룬ɣжʱֳŨŨڴԴͨ߮ؽصȤζ֮¡
ɣȻú棬Ǽ߮ΪҪʱעµ·ʱ򣬵׻Щ
лߺҰߡ
ɽ·л˵ѾǿĹ飬ܷɽ·Ծͺƽ·ûʲô
ҰǰȥҰ˶⼸Ȼûǰôˣÿ춼ڶ
ټϣɽͽɽѾɽ·ҲǼסɽ··ҲһЩŵ֪ﶸָôߡ
ҲΪˣлߣҰûΪɽ·ɢ˵ע
ҰСȳ֮ǰ˵Ǹݣûס棬˳ͷʲô˼
л߿һۣǺÿ˼
ҰһЩ˵˵ûȷʵ۹ġ
Ұ⻰˵˲䣬ҲӲݴͻȻζһ˲
Ұ˲һƳݴԡ
лҲ˳Ұ߿ȥ󹷵
䣬һߴĻɫӰٶȴӲݴԶ˳ǹһĴ󹷵ڴҰǰԾһɲǣɫĴβͺݺɿҰ
Ұͫڿ챻󹷵β͹һɲǼ䣬Ӧһű˱ǵβ˦ϡ
ԼûҰ󹷵ЩĵĻͷ
⹷úǷ
Ұ۾ΣյһУʼȭͷ
󹷵ҲĸоҰɢġǵеķУ￪ʼ׺ݳĵͺ
л߿˿һĴ󹷵ֿ˿ü֮͸һɺݾҰ絽ڣ̶̼ʮСʱһһȻûѾôŹˡ
󹷵ƽʱ˶ǰһӣٻֳô¶Ĺԡģʱᱻȼһ
ʵлҲЩ⣬Ϊʲôƽ侲Ĵ󹷵һҰ̱һݺݵӡ
ѵΪҰʹ󹷵ϣԴԺѹȸе̫ƣԲͬ⣿
л˼Ŵ󹷵Ұܺڣɣζ˵һ䣺Сȣ󹷵ϲλ顣
ȻƥǶҲ׽ɣ˿̿Ұ״̬˲;ðο˲١
ƥǲҪ
ɣһۻڽҰĴ󹷵漴ת߮Сιǣ㹥ˣ˳۵ġ
˵ʱɣƳҰһۡ
ҰЦһƥ塣
߮Ŀ䵽ƥǵϣǱ𣿡лߡ
ͨǣͷǣҲٻôǿ׳ߴ͡ƥǵĸͷͨǵֻбǰǣųô
л߻˾䣺ô˵
ͺʹǳ߮ҲƽģȻ侲̫
ԭҰŵĴ󹷵˼߮ĿһͷһۣĩˣѺõĺһɤӡ
Ұ
󹷵ֻǰɣ
лЩЦ΢΢ͷҰ۽üҼתһĨΪԼġ
ҰԣҲƫͷлߡ
ԭüۣڿл۾΢΢οЦ֮Ҳ
ʱϰ߲⣬лɫͫ͸һԵƯ
Ұſţ촽΢лԼǲҲġ
Ӿ˵Ĵ󹷵ʱһ
ô£ŵһ룬ͻȻȥˣ
󹷵ԼðˣСˣ
ֻǰҲѹڳһơ
оǳԵߣϵҰüͷ΢壬һ룬īֱⲻ֪ϵĴ󹷵ڳĿϬ
л׼սⳡŵʱ򣬿ͻȻһ˻˻˻졣
ԴǼ߮Ҳһô
߮΢΢һҲࡣ
ֻһ֦ѾϵĺߣĻһɺšһ֧ϰ
ע⵽ֻߵԴ״֮󣬷ֻһߵļ߮˲չһЩ
л߿˼߮һۣǵǰԼڳֶʱ򣬳Ұ֮⣬ӦûʵԵļ
뵽߮ѾνʦˣԺ϶Ͷл߾Ͷ˵ҵСҧˡ룬л˵һֻڹ۲㡣
ȷʵڹ۲죬߸׼ȷ˵۾֮ļѽȶλ
߮л˵⻰׼ŲŲͷôվԭأɫս
ƺڼ߮ܲð
ǱԴڴյ߮Űֱֻ۵λʱͣȻñһ¼߮ϵζ֮󣬾ͲȤ˻
е߶Ǳ¶
ֱ¶޷ά£ֻڡ
ҲΪˣǻϲԼůĴڡ
߮ϵָɾʣöܵų⡣
˻ȥ֮󣬺ܿͻ壬ҰĽűߡ
ԼߣҰҲû󹷵ˣǶߡ
û̧ϰԴתлߡ
л΢΢ͷ
õлߵ֮󣬶Źϵ˳Ұһ·ϡʮȻҰֱۣѸҰļϣȻѺõͷһҰա
һĻĴ󹷵ʱɵͷɵԵߺһ
ûϰǱ뵽Ұŵñ棬ֻһɫβ¶棬ɢعҰļϡ
ҰβͣЦһ£ϲҡ
лֱӵࣺҪΪϵ¶Ⱥʺϡ
Ȼлô˵ţҰеЦ⣬ȴûɢȥ
Ұֺ飬ûг̫á
һ߽կ֮ҰеЦͽɢȥˡ
űʮŮΧкļ߮ҰѵЩĿڣߣʱûִ
ЩǺлһˣҰȻϣԼҲܱϲͽܡ
Ȼл߽կʱ·˶Цݲõĸк˵ŻӭԲܺͼ߮ܵȡ
˿̣߮ΧмЩˣжһǾ˾ʳɣķ£һڴĵż߮ЩʳƷ
Ұע⵽ʮΧż߮Ůһģ俴ƽӦʮʮ֮䡣
կӦСС䲻
ôһ֮ҰҲ˵ʲôԭʦôܻӭ𡣡֪ȥѧͻεʦü
Ұ⻰лߵĿҲǰڼ߮ͣ˼ֿ֮Щİ尢ǣ֪ǻʲôƫǳɫͫתһĨĹ
ôܻӭ֣Ͼѡǧկ̵֧Ĵѧٺ٣УԸ⵽ʦûС
ʮǰһλѧ˼µʱ֮⣬֮Ҳûйѧ֧ˡ
Լ߮ʵʮĵһ
ܼܲȥ־ֶܼãٴ߮Ը룬ȷʵֵñлӭġ
Ҳܸл߮ѡ
л¶Ұ߮տڵһĨɬİơ
߮Ҳ㣬ƽ߳Ұɨһۡ
Ұ΢΢ѹŵ˫ԵԽӲ
һ룬ջĿ⣬תԵлߣЩζĺлһߡѹҲԡ
лҰ˼üͷ΢¶ı飺Ҫһʱ𡣡һΪ֧ʦͱҪЩϿεĺǸΡ
ҰԸȻ˵ȫ˽⣬Ҳ߰ˡ
Ͷѧϰûʲô飬Ҳ߮ոһյĿϢΪһʱ𣬾;֧̣һ컹ãҲû⡣
Ҫѽ鵱һְҵ͵ͬǸԼһΪεζҰҪظſıνҵȡôȥһǹʾȫĹ֮󣬾ͺ׳ų⡣
Ⲣ˵Ұãʺϡ
޹غʺϣǲʺϡ
л߿Ұɵİ֮ɽ֮߷֮ϡ
ҲҰһ㡣
ҰƢԣסеâ߮һվڿϣŷ۱һһд⣬оһֺǿҵķָС
ҰҰ
ȻҪҲҪһ㣬л߲ϣҰΪ߮Ӱ죬ʱ⣬ȥصľ
֪лߵҰּлߴ˿⸱ı飬ȻЩл߲ûֱ˵Ǵлߵ۾Ҫ⡣
ʵϣл˵Ǿ仰֮ҰʶԼ뷨ȷʵЩˡ
ۣһҲϴҰˡ
һһ룬ֻҪһ뵽л߸ոտ߮ؿھͷƵ
ǼˣЩ˶Լ߮չֳʵ飬л߿߮ʱתů⡣
ֻ֪ǳһָлҲ˶ʼɡһʪĺӵ׻Ķߣһһʳθǡ

Ȼɬ޷ơ
뵽⣬Ұһִ֮Ӻ﷢һ̾ϢߣǳԴˡɴֱ̹ԡ
Դףлһ˲Ұе˼֮һ΢΢ЩЦ˵ʲôóԴ׵ģͼֲ߮һ
ͼ߮һ
Ұɫһ׷ʵΪʲôһ
Ŀлߣеڴڵ˫ǳϸĹΣҹĲ񷡣
΢΢ŵ˫ҲƽôɢְȻ
ԣڽţеĳصڴڿл˼λشʱԾĹһºᡣ
лȻû©ҰЩϸ΢仯β΢ôҰ˼Ц
˼ֶҰ˼л߹˵ҵС飬Ȼǲһ
ҰһйƤ˲Ӣͦ絶õüҲΪƶ΢΢ѹš
лߵСûҪǹʱŻ¶֡߷߲ʮٵģ
л߷ڵҰǰӦϵıҪ١
ĳЩϣҲƺЩɣͺñڸСȳʱһҪһӮʲôģʵЩЦá
ġ
л߲ųҰչֳһ档
ϲҰʵֱ¶Ը
뵽⣬лĿ΢΢Ұ˵һ䣺ͷ
Ȼ֪лʲôҰʲôҲûʵˡ
лߴ΢һ룬ֱֽ̧ķҰĺ󾱡
һɲǼ䣬Ӻ󾱴ġ΢ĴҰһ٣лߺЦĿ⣬ĳϤĸоʶлҪʲô
Ӧ֪Ҫʲôˡлߵѹɤ˵ţǳɫ˼ҵĴԡ
֮ʱͷҰĶͷϣ˵һҰ̲סȥĻ
Ұ㲻һҲĻӭ
ҡҵĻӭ𣿡


48 
ҵĻӭ, 𡭡
л⻰˵˲䣬һоʹҰ֫ٺӶ, ̼, ͽҰֻɬռ档
ֻǼ򵥵һ仰ȴҰ˲һĽ
лߵġ
֪Ұǰļһɨա
ϲóӯࡣ
Žߵл, ҰܸоǵĺһϲǵĿ, һڴĸо
ΨһҰЩź, Ŀʵ̫ˡûüܸ, л߾Ѿ˻ȥվֱ塣
ڻԴ𣿡л
Ұص˵Դףһ𣿡
лüЦЦ˵ҿܻѶһΡ
ҰЦһһû㴵ѡ
ڳǻл׿ڶż˵Լóѣ, ҰҲ֪лߴĵȻǰ顣
л˵ĻԴС£˵ûʲôôӦġ
ãֻܴҰ˵仰, ûл߻ش, Ƴһۼ߮ɣڵķ, ǿһ䣺Ǵ˶ûӡ
СлߴӦ
ҰЩɵԼСĴָ˹бϡ
ҰСĴָлȻΪʵЩɵ, ȴǸ˹
Ȼ, л깳׼ջֵʱ, ҰָͻȻֱỺĦһ¡
л̧Ұ
Ұ޹գۡ
Զ߮ȻʮҰ尢Χм䣬һֱעлߺҰߡ
վԱߵɣҲͬˡ
ҲΪ˶Ҳû©лߺҰһС
˿̣ɣһĨơ
ڸһξ룬֪ҰСȶ˵ЩʲôǿСĶͲѲ³˶Ȼʲôŵ
ɣֻҪһ뵽СȸոնҰǸϵеһɬУͼǻ
ΧվŰ尢ǣϵЦ޷ά֣ˣüͷ
ڿĵǷӿķꡣ
Ȼˣɣ֣ǲԾ߬ȭͷΪҪֶƺͽָ꣬⼸ݽ
ɣֵ߮Ҫƽࡣ
ѾһƬ䣬ɫȴ¶ֺǵȻģһۿȥֻ侲
ʱ⣬ü߮øˣɫģ˶ʵ


߮ҲסǸկרд˵Բͷ
ʵԭ߮Ǹסڵһ¥Ϊߣ⼸ҸպöΪؽڵæµʱͻûüǴ¥ʰ
߮Դ˲ûʲôҲûбκβĳ߮ʲôʱʲô£ܽеȫë
߮Ϊ֧ʦǧկģԱϣ͵ӱ濴ǵկεҰǲͬģúžƣҲεȥӭд
֮ǴӼ֧߮ʦݽկ֮կ˾ѾԼˡ
ٽŵʱǧկϷգͻȻʼСꡣ৵ͷܣ˵δδ졣
ͷмڣҰ߮Զ
лڳʱΪԶǣԼû˵ʲô
ͷֻǶˣЩͲò˵ˡ
ΪʲôǧկҰͳ񣬿ĵʻϵַϢȴֱֱĳż߮Ϯ
߮ûش̧һ䣺Ϊʲô
Ұտڵ˫ĵУĶ֮߮һȻϲߡ
߮ûϡ
ʵϣҲûʲôҪϵġ
ҰֱԵ߲ϲ㡣
߮Ŀ׻᲻ϲңֲСϾҰҲֻлߵĻ顣
㲻ǸᡣҰһ仰֮󣬾˷䡣ĸᣬָʲôȻҰû˵ԼǼ֪߮
Ұص֮󣬼߮ҲŻԼķ䡣
ڴϣŴϸϸ֪ǲΪлߵļ磬ͻȻ뵽ǰлߴڲֿ顣
Ѿȥ꣬ʱÿһĻÿһ΢СϸڣȴӡԺ
ܼ𣬼߮ûйڵʱ
ÿһ֮ǰ侲ȥ˼еףȥӿܴڵĸ̵ֽʱƶŵķȷһʧ֮ߵЧʽʵʩ
ҲΪݳγɵϰߣÿһεõԤģ⣬֧ÿһεľѡ
ȻԺ֪лѾ뿪Dлصկһ̣еһβһ־޴Ļ⡣
ֹ߮һڲֿʱûзһ侲壬һٶվſֹлˡǳȥлһܡл֮Ĺϵͻᷢһֲһı仯
ֽᵼ̵ʱ򣬶෱鷳˹򡣵٣ξпܻΪഺʱл֮һ޶Ļ䡣
⣬Ѫԣ覴ãŸǵʱǸе֣ʻġ
һΣһλᡣ
ȴǱϺܶҰһߵܵϣлǷ̲µŭ
Ǵλᡣ
⣬ҲǼ߮ЩΨһеڵ¡
뵽⣬߮Ӻ﷢һ̾Ϣ
ڱ۾˯֮ǰ߮˺ܾǰһ仰˵һഺʱڣһ̫޵ˡһ˽һӾҲ
仰ʱ򣬼߮ﲢûʲôдڣǧկ֧̣Ӧ֤һ仰

ϣ֪ǲΪҰͼ߮ǰǴΣһ˯һռ
ҹʱͬʱ˸Ρ
ҰεԼлߵġ˳µסлߵļ
һϦ
һһһůŴɫŴ׷
֮կһŴ׺͵ݴһֳִǧ
ϦףõǧɭһͩϣŪһǳƯµǧá
Щǧ
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ףﰮĽϲʱǧָ־ã߸ܵǷ⡣
棬߻Ӧϲָĵ
ǵ磬һϸϸ˶
ʱһȥ
|ĺҹӣ|繵ķΧﶥ|ʱֽӵ˻˫
ǽű˴˵ĺǵĹȼű˴ϵĻ档
Ҫ⿪ߵʱ߮ͻȻˡ
ֹߣޱվǰ䵽˵
ʮѾˣһһ죬֮ǰ˵õģҵʱ䡣
Ҳڼ߮˵仰һɲǼ䣬ԵһȻֹ
Ұֱӱˡ
һ´Ӵ𣬿ȫǸմǿһܣ߻谵͸ĹҲ΢ʱӦû硣
м߮˵Ǿ仰Ұʱһһʹǰķ˿ҲʱҰŷԼĶͷϾȻһ㱡
ʮһһһ졭
ҰЦˣôô׵Σ
ȻΪ߮
Ǽ߮կҲĵΡ
ͬʱһߡ
ͬѵļ߮˵ľ״̬ҰȣҲò˶١
ŸղΣ͵üͷԽԽԽԽ󣬼ܼһֻˡ
ʵһʼζܺúܺá
εԼлһˣǳһԶ£סͬһ¥
峿лһȥѧý顣
ѧǶʿɰлǶԵһԡ
Ǿ֮ԭðԼһȥлȴˡ
Ϊлǰ˼ңҲŻص˵¥¥ⶼ˸飬ҲûплߵӰ
ʱɫѾȫڵҹջûһŷǣҲƯıڵ
֪л߾ȥֻȥѰңɣ
ɣ˵лȥ֡
лΪʲôȥֵʱɣ˵Ϊӣžӵ뿪ˡ
֮һ·ȥ֡
һô¿лߡ
û뵽ǣл߾ȻҰӵһƺǸսǣлߵ˫޶ˮβǳɢı죬峿¶ˮȾĺġ
ֱӾ߹ȥ뽫лصԼߣȻֻûдлߣҰֱӵǰֹ
̧ʣΪʲôһ
һҰ˵
ʲôЦôҪӣ߲һѵһûûֵСһ
Ҳǵ
бѡ
ûûֵС
ڴͷļ߮ŸղǸҰ˵һ仰ǻۼŭ⼸ҪԺһΪǵҸϡ
ֻһΣȴü߮һһŭյĸо
ףҲܻ
ûû⼸֣С⼸֣ڳż߮ʮܵĽۡôһ˲䣬߮ԼһǻˣȻôƵ
뵽⴦ͷסһҰ
߮ҲǵһβһֺʵݵǨŭΪҰҲˡ
˿̡
Ǽ߮УҰУǵлߣȴһҹΣ˯ø
ȵĻףǽϵʱָߵ㣬л߲תѡ
ܶҪȥկѧøϿΡ˼ϴ֮л߾Ϳʼְ͡
ŸճڣҰ͹ˣﻹְ˹ȥ͡
簲ߡҰһߴкһߵлߵĶ¡
ŽͷŵϵҰлü˹ȥֶ˻
ҰûκԥĻصԵø㡣ܲ˵һ߮ͳԲͣ᲻ԾǸ׵Ρ
лԣʼϸĹ۲Ұϵı飬ɫͫװţҲ˵ôҰ۾ҰĪЩˡ
ҰԼǲǸ˵ʲôתлעʱлڿ˿ڣ˹˵һ䣺¡
Ұ׼ȥͷ΢΢һ١
ע⵽Ұһ˿С仯лһۣ˵йء
Ұͷһԣ׼˵л˵ǻصͷ֮˵ʲôȻָҰͼ߮
Ұ촽˶һ䣺ǡ
ǣ
лһ˿ȤΪʲô
ҰĬ룬뵽ǸΣջǾʵ˵ΪһΡлҲĵˣ׵鲻ֻһӰ졣
л߽ӹĻεʲô
Ұлһۣ׼еȫ˵¥ʹһŲţһҰ˵Ѿİ
СȣԺ𣿡
ҰͷһΪʲôÿζô׼Ĵ
һҰûиеá
ˣҰЩɣļʱ֡Ȼ߮ûиһĻá
ڸոգҰͻȻʶİǸεȫлߣֻл֮ĹϵΪļ߮øӻ
ǲҰ뿴Ľ
Ҳлߵעɢ߮ϡ
پĿǰǸβʺϱл֪
ɣվڵ¥ſڣҰʱûκ⣬ƺͲµҰ
ĿƵлߵϣ΢΢һЦˬ˵Сȣ֪ܶһҪȥѧãҲҪʦȥŴһˡ
˵仰Ų˼֣λһЩ
վɣ෽ļ̧߮ڶл߿֮һк簲
лҲһ䣺簲ֿɣٵȼӣһûг͡
ɣͷá
лջߣҰ˵ҲȳͣոᵽΣһ˵
Σ
ۣ߮ɫ˲˼֣ҰƳȥһۡ
Ұо߮ߣҲͶȥһ
һɲǼ䣬ֶ֮ԡԷųУѴ̶гķУƿеļ磬żĲ
лߵĿҰͼ߮ϻɨһ飬ͣڼ߮ϣĵһ䣺ôѲҲΣ
лƮƮһһ˵˲ʹɢ˿ԽķΧ߮΢΢лԴϷʵߣصûС׵Σֻ
лֻ߱һʣ߮ô˵֮ҲûʣջĿ͡
һߡ
ȥǧ̶·ϣһСγʻ׶ϡ
Сγڣ˾֮⣬ŻŶʮ
Ÿ磬ҸոһµҪȥǧկϻûκʾ
˵мλõȾһͷɫͷͷϴһǳɫװһǳ͵˶ϵ磬ֽ
ֱߵһģһĳߣΨһžǷͺͷɫˡ
˿̣һĿֻʾĵ׼ѵֱߵ
ֱߵһż˧ݣüīͦء峿Ĺ䵽ĲĵԽ
ǸկӱȽ⣬ʾ½Ų˵ţͳдԡ
˵Ҳǡɫͷ˵ͷ
ֱߵһ˵˼ԶҿǴеûȥڲǶ˵ǸկǼ֡
磬ܲܲҪÿζôֱȫ˼Զбһۣ˵⣬Ҿկֶկ϶˻¹Ƶġ
ֻðȥһӶѡҲбһۣ¹ʲôģƽʱٿӾǲ˵Ҫſѧ
˵⣬Խм˼Զһ½ţ˵԰ɣŸ硣
½Цһ£ǳƽȻĸһ䣺ţſѧ


49 
˲, л߳͡
ҰԷٶҪл߿һЩлߺһڶʱҰѾԼ궼ʰˡ
ߵʮ, ˴ӵ¥׼ʱ
ǧկֻһѧ, лסĵ¥⴦ѧãҪ߰Сʱ·̡
ҹ, վǱϴһ, ԵøĳγεСʯ·Щʪ, ԵĲľ֦ҶϻžӨˮ顣
ɢһݻϵȻ㡣
л, Ұ, ɣԼ߮, ͬһš
Ұ, ߮ұߡ
лߺɣλм䡣
л뵽Ұڳ͵ʱᵽΣǳʵոҪҽʲô
ˡҰϡ⣬Ȼúеݡ
л߼Ҳûٶʡ
Ͼ֮, ʱƣԻԶҪüɾ, ȻҲͻԽԽģ
, 
Ȼл߾ҰӦûнеȫǣǼȻҰô˵ˣȻܼѯʡ
ʱ, лұߵɣһļ߮˵ʦȻѧãһЩγ̡
߮΢΢, ƽһ
ӱ, ɣ˵Ļ, ʵϣȴЩĲɡ
ܵǸĵ֮εӰ죬߮ԽѧߣЩԾԽ
ΪǸһʼĻ棬лһȥѧáȻߵһ··ȫһҲûկѧá
ԽǿĿĵأ߮ԽǻелԼȥѧõЩϸڣֻ᲻ԾĻķչԼҰ˵һ仰
ûûֵС
һ仰ֱǹħһԺת
߮üǿԼ˼άǸ롣
Խɣ⿴һлߡ
߶䣬΢紵л߶ϵë׹ڷڶһɫķ羰
ʮ֮лѧá
կ⴦ѧòǺܴ󣬾ĵ¥ġһ¥ѧϿεĽң¥ʦİ칫ҡ
¥ΧһΧΧϴӡΧĴŵҵ֮䣬һʯ̳ɵСȫźɳӣΪһС͵Ĳٳ
Ϊְ߮ԲϤѧߵϿ̺͸š߮ϸ˵лҪԼǰת߮
ɣΪ峤ȻҪһ
ֻҰΪݶڳ
˿̣Ű˵ʮ֣կѧϿεʱϾŵ룬һڿλһСʱ
Ұһһ¥Ľҹһ飬ѧõġСٳ
ϸСɳɵСٳ˼֮ɵʵЩģںܿ뵽ʲô֮󣬾ͳȥһ֦
վмʯ·ϣ΢Ŀһ¸߶ȣ漴Ŷⳤ֦ɳϻ˻
ҰǻһQлߣQߵԱߣһQԼQС˵ǣһ
Ҫʱ͵ص㶼ʣҰʵQﻭɻ׵ӡ
úлߣлߵüģǼ˫࡭
ҰҲ뷨ԼǿɳܵģϾԼϲûǲǲ̫
ôţҰɳǣֵQҰQߣջûסұߵQԼĳ˲ǣֵĻϣּ˸ͷߵQߵա
£Ұ˳ˣ΢΢
ȻſţԾľͻǧߵĻ档
ҰͼԺлԭʱϸڵʱͻȻһ˼
磬ڻʲô
Ұ΢΢һ٣ʶ̧һŷһŰ˾Ск
СкһСССӣСŵ置ΣϴСȦһССòƵ
˿̣СкͷһĿQС
Ұ˿ȣǵüСӿܻЩӰ첻ãѸ֦QСлߺСҰĨһ˵ǣĶƬ
ԡСкҡͷָŻûɳȫڸǵQлߣһ˵Сʦ
ΪֻСʦĶ׹ëͱʯ϶ɵġ
Ск̧ԲԲ۾ĿߵҰ磬ΪʲôҪƭ˵ǶƬ
˵꣬ҲҰشͳҰҡͷüͷܲ޳ɵľ˵ǲԵġ
ҰĻԺòá
Ск˵㻭áһ۾ͿǸͨСʦʵСʦԱߵǸһĸ磬Ǹ㻭Լ𣿡
ҡҰ࿴˼ۡûߵСкСƨͦõģ˵ͨԣҲѾǺܱ׼ˡ
һӦǰϵСѧԡ
СкҰˣʱ¶һȻ˵ӣǸΪʲôҪСʦʵǺ档
ҰĬ
Скͦץؼġ
Ск۾ҰʵЩССкֱ˵ϲСʦȻҪСʦ
Ǽô˵ˣܻὫСк˼ά۴ƫҰֻðڳһı飬ɫ˵㻹СЩ鲻ܶʡ
СкƶǶĵ˵ͷůŴǺðɡҰ°ڣڴĶҰ˵Խһ𣿡
ԡҰˬĴӦʾСк׵Լҽ㻭౦ɴǡ
СкҰʮʣ౦ɴʲô
סںףһԺܶķޣ㰢ֺͰҰ治ɫ˵
СкһԲԲ۾˲ǱǿҵȤ㣬ȲĴߴٵǸһɡ
ҰСкͷȻʼɳϻ˺౦ɴǡ
౦ɴǲQ棬٣Ҳ̫עرҰܿͽǻ˳
СкҰ滭ọ̈̄ɫֳͫ︡ĳݡҲҪѧ֮ҪĴúɽҪ续ְ迴
磬СʦûửԺҪñСʦҪ
ҰãϲҪСкǽ߷һġ֦СкţԱŻ
Скӹ֦Щ£ǽ
Ұ΢΢һ٣СкãȻ׼˵лߵ֣һһ顣
Ұͷһֻл΢΢Žţ۾עߣµϸһĨǳЦݡ
Ҳ֪վ˶ãֿ˶١
Ȼûע⵽
л߲µҰ뷨һ䣺
ʵոڶ¥ʱһֱվڿҰλĴǰҰǸѧõģлȻֳһעע
Ұɳϻọ̈̄ʼǣֵQ棬ٵĺ౦ɴǣȫ
˿̣ŶڵϵһһСлߵĪͲһů߹ȥͷҰɳ
ϵɫ˲ڳֵӡ
Ұ̧ͷվԱڿлߣЦʳһ䣺ÿɻУ
תתʱ꣬л˵ĻִҰĿУһα˵˳
лߴṴ΢΢ͷͦá
¥ߣ߮лǰ¥뵽˵ʱлߵķĳ΢߮ߵл֮ǰվĿλá
վ⿴ȥ֮ǡþͿлߺҰƶЦĻ档
һɲǼ䣬߮·һϸϸһ£һ΢ĴʹѸٴڵ񾭣һΪʵ
ǵģʡ
л֮ǰ߮ûԼһҲֶʼ֮飬˿̳ȥлԼߣ뵱Ұ棬л߽ӵס
һСԡ
ֽ߮˽
ĿлߵĲϣһĨ
л֮䣬ûлҰ֮ôеĻ䡣ڼȻѾ߮ͲʲôģлߺҰһ߽
Ŭһ¡
ٲеڶźڡ
󣬼߮ܿ˼
ʽʼֿγ֮ǰ߮ס׼Ұһ뿪лߡĿ⵭ƳһվлԵҰȻƽл˵ܵ˵˵𡣡
лû˵۵׻һĨ˼
߮˵ǹѧһЩ⡣
ô˵л̧̧Ƥƫǳͫ˼߮룬΢΢ͷСش߮ҰȻȥɡ
ҰȻ뿪ҵ㡣
лߺͼ߮¥ʱվԭصҰ˵ıӰڵͫ΢΢һ¡
˶¥лͣʵ˵ʲô
߮һ䣺ڸƺ㣿
ѾկʽְʦлȻǰҲѧɵһӡ
˵ʵͬ¡
߮ȫƺлߣʵ̫İҲ̫룬֮佫лߵľԶ
Ҳۣڳƺϣǰ衣
һֱӽСȾСл߶ڳƺЩ⣬˵ֻһС¡
ã߮˵ͷü֮ȻҲ˼¶ȣСȡлһ΢΢ϹһĨ΢ɲĻȡ
ע⵽˼߮ݱ仯л˼Ŀһۣǰȣֺ࣬ʲôû䡣
߮ԣ촽΢׼˵ЩʲôлȴĽҹ⣺ˣո˵ĹѧһЩ⣬ָʲô
߮˵һʮӣڶÿӵĸ˽⣬ʵĵطȥ𣿡
ȻлԭΪ߮˽ʲôһֻĬ飺֪ģʱҡ
߮ɫ΢ʱԣ
ԭô۵𣿡лЩֵĿ˼߮һۡ
ǰһ̧ϸĴ߮ɫͫתһӣƺҪ߮ġ
лֻӳһ˵ģ߮ĺ΢΢˶Եͳ͵ֻȷһ¡
߮ô˵лҲûᣬֻǾ͸ղŵĻҵ˼ϢʱֻҪпգ㶼ҡ
߮ԣһƽ޲ͳϸĵǳ⣬˫ҲһĨǳĻȣá

ǧկԭֻһλڼ߮˵֧̣л߾Ͳǰܶĵʱ򣬱뵽ѧá
죬ϰ˵ҵʱл߾ͺҰһկ
ҰȥðЩлҪڵǼկӵо
ԭɣǺһȵģΪؽڡؽʮһεĴڣԽٽգҪ׼ĶԽ࣬ɣ׳ȥͷæˡ
лߵڵʱѾʮһ㡣
㲻ȥæŪؼĺ첼˯߲ĽЩ
г̣ǼоӦûҪһŵŹһʱ֮л߹ϵһǰϲСϻ
ǻʢļڣҰİɫɽ΢Ĵ£ɢ˷ǳŵ㡣
л֦ϣƢķ㣬۾ʼߡ
ڸһĴ󹷵Ͷ
󹷵֪ȥˣǽԱߵ֦ϣһ˯˾
ֻл߻û˯ãͱһ˵ˡ
ȥɽôôߣžߣ˼Զһûʼ߾Ѿ۵òеı顣
˵ǧկɽ֮У㲻֮ǰ֪𡣡һİۡ
֪֪Ǻۼȫ£˼Զǰ۵ɽ·̿ˮҾҿҪһͷţ
Ǹ峤˵ţòˣֻܲСƳһ˼Զűߵ䣺֪·βߣô䡣
˼ԶⴿԼܡ
װĿɶõĺö˼ԶǿšɨһܣЩԭ̬ĸߴľͽһ׶ߵĲݴԣɷµ˵Ҫֵط϶кܶ඾棬Ҫסһڣɱ㣬óЩǲ٣
ҿװʱŵĶʲôˬˮҺ˪Ĥʪ
ͣͣͣ˼Զһֱ̧֣Ӵ׼˵ȥ󣬡ΪһµкǱزٵġ
˰ɣҿôЩƤҲûŸôáԼʮַָΪʲôһô˫ֵ̥ܡ
Ÿģܱ𡭡˼ԶԵ½ţĿ½⿡Ĳϻ̾һ䣺˱˻ˡ
ԭɣĳ࣬ǵﶼ׵˧磬ֻҪ߻һ½ţ˧ЧӦͲˡЩŮ۾Χ½ת
ѧУʱ½ű׵ѧѧǣǶൽʮָ
ҲõܶƯСϲ
İɣ˼ԶСϲáΪԻֻ̽ؾ
ƨĽãôman
½ѾϰֵܵĻճ˿ֻ̣ɫȻĵͷһʱ䡣
ʮһʮ
ԼǵӦѾˡ
½ڿʱ䣬Ҳʶ⣬ϸһܣǰɽ·˿ǳ֮⣬һӰûС
Ǹǽկˣʱ˰ɡɽ·û˴׵·
ٵȵȰɡ½˵
½ô˵˼ԶɴͽյףȻֱȥ
һ˫һ䣬һڴ˵ϣǵһλƯС㣬ЦġҰ֡
˼Զ˵𾢣صɽ֮ͻȻһʮֺ
ǿҪʧˡ
һöԽֵͳҲյɽﻺʵȪ
ĵ͸żԼЦ⣬˵ĶĤһ˶΢΢Ĵԡ
µ˲䣬½ź˫ֵ̥ܣ볯ķȥ


50 
ٽ, һ֮Ϊȵġ
δ£ï֦Ҷסһ룬ֻ¼ůɫɽ֮С
ůɫ, бǰһû, һ置εꡣ
ĲϴȦȦϾµͼںͷǷӡϳһּظе硣
һͷںڵİ볤ɢţյ㷢֯, ͷϵĵ׹Ͷϵĵ׹϶ǶһССĺ챦ʯ
ʮﻪŴ磬Ȼ۵Ĵţȴûж걾Ļ, Ŵ˵Ӿ
ԭ, ʵ̫ˡ
졢ͦ, ׵÷⣬ͦüԶɽĻ
رһ˫΢΢һۣβһžɵĺɫ룬֮ɢһĪ˵ĺұ
˼Զͫ͵, 㶵Ŀϵ置꣬ڶЦЦ۾ʱ˼Զֻúʲô, Ժݺݵײһ, þòܻ
˺ð, ˼ԶһԼ
šŸ磬طӦǲʲôɽɡϾԺ׼ɾš
˫̥еĵܵ, ҲЩգգ, ȷԼһĻгĻ, ǻþ
վҲ½, Ŀרע䵽ϵϣͫ˾ޣ𾪡
½û뵽ʱ꣬¼ͬѧлߡ
ԣлߡ
Ȼǰ½λ置תУûнΨһһμ̵ĶԻҲڶԷż߮ȥ칫ұһ졣
Ǵ˿̣һ۾ϳ꣬ǵѧУǸֵѧѧǳ֮ΪԶİ¹置ꡣ
ΪѧҵԭѧУʱ١
£л֮١
Ȼûмл߼ΣΪлڳʵ̫ˣԶѧ֮ἰĻ⣬ԼлûнӴȴҲ֪˲лص顣
½񶼻ǵãǸʱ򣬹л߲ʻµݾģһȺУǷ˼ٷԼͼֹ£Ϊֵδ֮ա
лû¶ݵʱ򣬾ѾǳŵĻ⡣ص飬һֱλУ԰̳۶ȵİס
лУĿϸҰһ˫֮󣬸ֱڳѧз
ڳְУٰ죬պȥμһʡ֪ʶûֳۿĿݡ
Ҳûпл߲ʻµݡ
У֮½ȻӲѧʦĿУ˹лߵĳܾ޺ܺÿ֮ĻʵϣԼǲûмġ
ҲûȥУ԰̳ѹϴƬƵ
½Ŷԣлߵĳ྿ģȻһЩ棬ǵ׻רȥΪ
ʵлߵӡ󣬻һֱͣڸУͣǸϻŶʻĳϡ
ȻûмлߵݣǴ˿̣½ڿһɲǼ䣬ûκԥġֱӾͽл߶˺š
½ԭΪֹлòĻ⣬Ǵ˿ŵĳɷ֡
һΪʲôУĿ֮лߵôߣΪʲôΪЩѧе޷ǡ޷ԽĴڡ
ŮôϲΪഺΪ޿̹ǵĻ䡣
ǰ½Ŷлߵӡ󣬸ǶԷһࡢҲƿصꡣ
ڣϵлߣ½ĬĬһǰ׺
Ư¡
ݣ½ʱҲĸ
࣬ķʽٴμлߣ½ŵʵһֺĸо
ڡôһ˲䣬ȻһѵԵֵĸо
뵽⣬½촽΢΢¶һĨЦݣлߣǸǵˣŵͳлߵĺͫɽмȪˮ
л΢δҶķ϶߲īӰЦЦĻصԶ׼𡣡
Ȼ಻Ϊԭǹ½ţĸо䣬αòС
ô˵ҲԣΪ½ڵЦǰȣҪȻĶࡣ
ܽʵڸǵ¯ࡣ
½置ĶԻл˼Զʶվǿ˿ϵֿ˿Ե½ţֿ˿Ư置ꡣ
лߣ
˼Զ΢Ӧ˺ü룬΢΢ſ죬Щİ˵šŸ磬ǡʶ
½΢΢ͷǸͬѧ
ͬѧ
˼Զգգۣ۵һĨεľޣĿͣлߵϣſţƵʣûסģЩȻʮһ䣺ͬѧǲǻᡭ¹ƣ
½ţ
½û˵˼ԶԼ࣬Щŵ˵ȻΪʲôһһֱƻ󵽵ĸо
رڿ置ǺЦ۾ʱ©ĵĸоʵӶѡ
Ƕ˵置ùƻ𣡡һ̣˼ԶػԼˡ
置۾˹ơ
½ţſѧ
վһԵҲʮͬĵ˵ͷ
Լ˼пյ˫ֵ̥ܣһ˵˼Զſѧ
֮ԻһٵĸоȫΪ置һĴŴ磬Լ˫֮λòӪķΧ
ԺȻôţʵ˼ԶȣҲò˶١
Ϊ˫ֵ̥ܣ˼Զ֮䣬ǴһӦġ
ӦǱ˴˵һֱȽǿҵ״̬ʱγرĹͬԣܸо˴˵˼С
ķǵӣ˼ԶһǴİۡ
ǲϲһĸоȴҪƽӡ
һҲ̹ʡ

˼ԶСֹţ׼Լ˫̥ܵܺú˵һ˵ϵ置Ҳѧ½źĻ˵һ顪
šſѧǳɢżЦһֱջת
ô˵˼ԶĶЩ΢΢죬϶Էɫǳǳ˫Щ˼Ӻ׵ͷ˾ȻԶԣſѧ
лߵĻ
л߼еЦˣ˫̥ͦ˼ģٱ½˳ۡ
˼ԶлЦˣԼҲЦǰ˺üվϻ£̧ͷϵлߣôߣô
л߲˵ôȥģȻô
лߵĻ֮½Ҳߵ¡
лߣӢͦü֮䵴һĨǳůɫҪҰʲôæ𣿡ºòѯлߡ
лЩЦ
ʵϣҲֱЦ˳
üȤķʣܰʲôæܾܲô̧˫ֱӽסɣ
׶ĸ߶ȣǿܻ½Ϊ׹¹ۣӶֱӽҽԺ
½΢΢һ١
Ȼлߵһ䷴ʣ˲ʶԼŵ뷨ʵЩסҲЩû뵽ʵ뷨ȻһԼϡ
ΪȻײлߵһ˲Էĳ̫ǿȻʶͲַ·ûоص˼ֻƾܶΪ뷨
뵽⣬½ջߣҡͷЦЦ˼л㹻Ŀռ䡣
˼Զ½ţ촽΢Ÿ㡭ߣ˼ԶͻȻһ
űٿôϵĺߣ˼Զͫ׵ŵ⧲һֱӾͺ˽һԶ
½Ҳһߵͷ̬֮ɫƽͷԱŵЩδ˼Զ˵£ߡ
ƷΪߵĶ˿ʮֵβ֦Ѿͷµţһһ߷˻˻˻
˼ԶһźΪóڸ˵ߣ뵽ԼղžǱ⺩߸ŵˣ̣ʵûס˾ֿڣ߯Գɾ˰ɣ
ǵֳĺߣļֻܲװôѧˣ
˼Զ
ЦûһֿܣǵĿ㲻˳ۡ
˼Զܲʼ
˿̣ϻϵлߣǴóһѣʼ졣
лߵĵϰ԰˫ֵ̥Ҳͣ˻Ŀתлߡ
Ǻ
ôⲻֳɣ̺ĳٻ֮⣿
Ȼֻ˫ֵָ̥о
½ſڴѵлߣڵ΢һ£ǡ
ŸһڣһȻϵǺͻȻڿ
д͸͸ĳֲַѹȸС
˼Զһۣ˼Զһ𾪵ı飬ЩӲĿתлߣһ¿ˮ˵ǰɣٻǣ
лջѣ΢΢ͷٻ
л߾õòԣΪֻõʾ󹷵ߡ
½л߼룬Ҳ֪뵽ʲôЦһ
ԭֻһڣڿһ㡣
лڣһ置֮ãȻʮ˼
½ţҲ෽ĲݴٿôһO@춯
ţһƥѰҰǴĻǣһԾݵĳǵС
˼Զ˸ڣᰡ
Ҳͬĵ˵ͷͣȷʵܿᣡ
󹷵ɨһ½ź˫ֵ̥ܣȻѸлϻ¡
л߳󹷵΢΢ͷ
Ǵ󹷵ŲǰţԼֿ˼֡
½˼ĿлߺƥǵĻֳһĨζ˼
һ롣
л߷ݵڴ󹷵ĺ󱳣ȵ䵽˵ϡ
̶̣ʱ䡣
½ŵͫײ΢΢һ¡
ȻոѾµл߿ܻƥǵҲܸоóлߵӦǷǳ֣ʵʿٻǻЩ⡣
ľ֮½źܿ͵üָֻ֮һĳȻ
½ŵı˫ֵ̥̫ࡣ
߸׼ȷ˵ǱͲ½ϰڽʵء
˼Զ۾Ҫǰл˵ڻڳֻͣ˾л׿λãҲ̫˰ɣ
͸ոݸУûʮ꣬Ǿġ
ֱܿʦҪ
л߿룬˵ҪǴСҲԡ
˼Զ̰֣˰ɣ϶ǰᣬǱǾſԡ
½ſлߣԴʵƥǺ߶ģ
лߵͷ
Ҳһ䣺ǣûƳ棿
˵꣬˼Զ̺ĬĲ¹ƵĹƳ棡˷
˼Զ޵ʱ˺ܶ置ߵ£ԽԽأԽԽú档
½û˵ֻúͫעлߣȻҲЩл߻ôش
½֮ǰ˵ǧկֶΪկӣֻ¹Ƶˡ
ֻ¹Ƶ˶ΪŮԣ伸Ѿܴˣ֡ʮİţڹŵһ֧
ֻ¹ƵĹţ볣ָʶѡҩĹŲͬǲ˽ӴͬկҲ
Ѱ˸ֹš
կӣļʣҲΪ㡣
ֹƳķ˵ǳĽ
ҪȽֶҵĶ棬һܱյУȻװŶ£ʮ죬ֶɱǸͽƳ档
ƳҪþѪι
ʵЩ½ſ˵¹ƣ˵¶
ףǱ˿ħĽ
Ȼ½ŵ¹Ŀл߻ô˵
½˫ֵ̥ܹĿע£л̧̧Ƥ½˵ɨζĻ˾䣺ûйƣֻж
ڹƳЩ˵ϸʵǰ١
лЩģɵĻش˼Զһ˫̥һۣӱ˴п˲š
˼Զ촽΢΢Żʵʲô
Ȼûпڣ½žͲ˵ʱҲˣɽ𣿡ǽг̣ȻȻĽҹ˸ղǸΪеĻ⡣
о½ŵ⣬л߶࿴һۡ漴Źһʱ䣬˵һ䣺ٵһҰûлӦҲȲ˶ˡ
л߳ķ˿
½ɫ΢лϸ΢Ķ³˵ʲôǻҪʲô𣿡
ҵС顣
С飿
ţлζĿ½һۣûǴĻҰ½Ǳֵܹϵ
½΢΢ʶ˼лߵһۣǷĳйص⡣
ʱһֱлߺ½˵˼ԶٴκķģС飿еĻŮİ
Ƴһۣ
˼ԶһЦǳ̹ʵ˵о仰˵ÿһǺͺÿһ𡣡置ôÿˣС϶ҲǸǳƯˣҪСһСǾ͸ˡ
˼Զ⻰˵꣬ʹһͳ
ǿҪʧˡ
ͬһ仰ͬ
;ʮңһδ˼ԶĶĤ
һɲǼ䣬ɫķԲϣ˼ԶΪ⻰Ÿлߵĸͬѧ˵ˡ
ҪúÿлߵСǳʲôġ
ôţ˼Զֱתķȥ
ӵҰʱһӦ˺øߣͷĽġڶӦǣ˵üôŸ硭Щƣ

һ룬˼ԶͲͬ뷨ĵܵһ½š
½š
½Ųû˫̥ߣĿҰϣҰһ߽½ŵҲֳ˾ȡ
û뵽Ұ
ĸ׺ҰĸǽãҰĹϵȴǳһ㡣
½Żǵã֮ǰд½׼ҰıԹ˵ʲôҰ֪ȥĸƫƧɽ֣ϵϡ
Ǹʱû⣬һҰȻǧկ
½뵽л߷ŶҰݡ
С飿
ֳƺ½īһͫһζ
ҰĿݵĽ½΢΢һЦ˿ڣû뵽￴㡣
Ұ̧̧ƤҲû뵽Ǽо㡣
˼ԶҰ½ŵشתŸ磬ʶģƲһ£Ҳĸͬѧɣ
½΢΢ͷô˵֮룬ֲһ䣺С̵Ķӡ
˫̥һʱȻ򣬹ֲøոһ˲䣬ǻŸ˵üЩ΢ơ
ҰɫĿһ˫̥漴ջߣߵлǰ
ڴ־һֱĴ󹷵վɱҰֱӺˡ
л߿˿ҰеĴӣˣ
ҰͷˡӴӵóһ͸ӣŴ׸⣬ġѴȵģոպá
лߴӴóһŴ׹ҧµһڣ۾˲һģ
㶼ܳԳҰ΢ȷʵдʲôİģмӦģдʲôǰǼǺ֣Ұϳ
ǼҵζȽرʱûܳԵûеһֵӲҡл֮ǰͳԵüΡ
Ȼô˵Ŵ׸ζӦúܺáҰ֮ǰЩл߻᲻ϲڿײ˿ζ
ζһлһҲĵ
лô˵ҰҲ˳ִӴóһŴ׸⣬ҧһڿʼ
ô
л۾ģĹҰл֮ǰǴŹǵӡ
Ұ˹ͷóԡ
½ſҰл˰Ļıʼº͵ģֻ۵ĳֲĳ
л߿˿ʣµŴ׸⣬Ŀɨ½ˣҪ𣿡ⱾҲǵһݡ
½ûлشԻǲԣֿѯһ䣺𣿡
л߻û˵Ұһ
½˻ǽαĿ˼¡ݿҲͰˣƫƫĮ
ıﲻһ棬½žŵϰס
һԵ˫ֵ̥ܸоҰ½֮ĹΧ˽һ˼ԶЦеǰлߺҰ˵ҾͲˡ
ֱһŴ׸⺬һһһݸһݵ½ŵС


51 
Ŵ׸Ŵɿ, ķģһĵĴСԽθܹܱ
л߳Ұĸ, ʣµ½źǶ˫̥Եġ
ԭߵկ, , Ҫѵ·ʱ಻Сʱ˫̥еĸ˼Զ˸, к͵ܵᣬ·Ҳɵ˲١
ԭƻȣ˰Сʱ
½˫̥ߡ
ڽկ֮Ѿ۵òе˼Զ, İ빪ţһ߲źһ߸̾ף̫ˡ
ԼҲҩоģⴿɽٵġΪһ·ߵ̫, Ѿͣ, ȫĸоǺԡ
͸˼ԶȣҲò˶١
ͷûд, ϸܵĺˮǰ鷢ȫһڴ˼Զû˵Ϊ㣬֪εģô䡣
ҲҪæã·ʱȫ
֮, Ψ½ŵĺΪƽȵġ
ȻĶͷҲһ㱡ϸ, ״̬㲻, ˽Сʱɽ·, Ҳûгֺ١ں
ҰƳ˫̥, ֿһ½ţֻҪһ뵽ļл߻ǣЩˬ
룬ն˵ҵʱҲҪһ𡣡
㣿
Ұô˵л߼Щ⣬ֲر⡣
һ˶һҰܾҵʲôݣ˴Ͽȥﰭۡ
áлЦЦȻҰӧȻҲܾܾڴ֮ǰ
Ҫȴȥס
Ҫ½˵ס
կ͵Բͷһʮ䣬ס˵䣬ʮ䡣Ұסһ䣬߮סһ䣬ټ½ˣҲǴ´ġ
˼ԶлߺҰԻֿ˵Ȼ¶磬ƫͷվһߵ½ţŸ磬ӦҲǸûðɣ
½Ŵһʱ䣬΢΢ףӦǸû졣
˼ԶһҲ֪²ۻʲôôһһжӣ֪ĻΪѾס˼¡
˼ԶҲԲС
Ұ⻰֮ƳһۣԺҵļңҶԼ죬ʲô𣿡
ң½ž׼ץסҰеĹؼ
лǿҰ˼
олߵĿ⣬Ұ򴽣ϽĲһ䣺δļҡ˵꣬лգһ۽ޣл߱ʾעôʡ
лû˵ʲô
½ȴǶ࿴Ұۡ
лߺҰټ½ź˫̥һͷ
лǰ濪ţȥʱʮָɵĿ˼߮ĳ΢лЦЦü߮Ŀŵ½š
㡭½ţΪȣ߮ͫ΢΢һ¡
߮½ŵҲֳ˾ȡ
վ½˼ԶԻֵƵģŽż½ŵǰƣŸ磿Ǹͬѧ
ţͬѧ
ˣʲôۡ˼ԶҪһͬѧpaty
⻰˵꣬ͱͱһӣ㲻Ҫơ
˻㣡˼ԶűͱĺСֹţҾ˵˵Ծһ
л߶½΢΢򥣬ʾ½Ƚȥ棺ſڡ
½߽ȥ˫̥
һ߽ҰװһЩƷĴӣȻͷлߵĶߵ˵ҽȥŶ
˵䣬лߵĶӪһЩͳȵ⡣
ĶС֮ҧ䡣
˼ԶһĻѹСԵ󣺡ôҸоֵֹġ
ͷ˵Ҳĸо
ֻСĻ˵ʽʵЩˡ
߮΢΢˳
֪Ұǹġ
½ţüʼģȻϸһܷ֣˿û˿ºͿԣһЩ߿Ұлߡ
֪ΪΣӳһĻһֲ̫ĸоôһ˲䣬߹ȥҰֱ
ָо⿴һ䱦ܾޣϲ䱦һһ뽫䱦ĺúùĦ뷨Ȼ뷨ûüʵʩͷѾһ䱦
̬ʵЩ΢
½һʱҲ˵Եɡ
ҰߣûпäĴ΢΢˹ܺõȥŶˡ
ҰǲıӰл߻ҰղŵСƯһ΢΢ƫǳͫһĨԼЦζ
½ſлߣʵס
½ŵлջؿҰĿ⣬ת½ŵߡָָ̧ʱ˵䣬ʣµĿշ⡣
½΢΢ףá
˼Զɨһܣеķ䶼һ𣿡
лߵԲǰôΪһ˵һְϰߣϵĲԼһ衣
˼Զлô˵׼Ĵô󣬻ûס¥
½źס˼Զ˼ԶȰŽɡ
˼Զһʱͷʼõ㽫ķѡһҰҲķ䣬Ȼֵ㽫ĸ˫̥ܵҲѡһ
ֿ½ţ׼ʼʩ
½΢΢һ٣ЦžܾҾͲˡ߽һûסĿշ䡣
˶֮󣬼߮лߣûסһ䣺Сȣ½ô
лԭǲ˵½ŵ£ǼȻ߮ˣҲûأƼŵ˵˳
֮߮΢΢˵˾䣺ͦɵġƽҲû̫ôģҲֻԼ֪ˡ
л߲Ļصͦɡ豭Լһڡ
ɲǼ䣬һ嵭Ĳһ˿ϸ΢⣬תлߵζ١
ݵģлһһεһ±ڣڿ˿ⷺǳǳˮ֮΢΢̧ЩĿļ߮
ţҴѧġ
˵⻰䣬ֺһлߣ߮иֳһĨϸ΢ů⣺˵ÿȥѧõʱ򣬾Ͱݵ衣
лߵͷͦȵġҪһ˿ܵζǡôк˲΢΢ɬС
߮ݵһ裬ȻûݵôڣζǺܲġ
ͦϲ
лֽźһڣȻʶɨһϴЩɬĴʪ
лϸ΢Сϰߣ߮ĿⲻԾͣлߵ˫ϡ
лΪ󣬶ԵЩӨĴ꣬߮ͻȻú֮⣬һ΢ķʸС
߮ǵԼǴ￴˵˫̫˻ԵЩ飬˫̫ԵùԸС
лߵĴУ˫״ʮֺÿǺʺϽǵĴΡ
뵽⣬߮ɫ˼֡
ܿ죬ƺʶʲôüĿʼзӿͼлЩС궯Уѹȥ
Ӧ
ǵһڼ߮ԼҰʾš
ӦԳԲ档
лֻڵĺˮȴĳ˼룬лиܵĽӴ
ǿɳܵģǲӦõġ
л߼߮ͻȻͷĬ˺üҲû˵Ǿһ䣺ʲô
лԴɻ߮ش˼л̧ͷ˷ǰȻ˵費֪ϲĿζ
ܲˡлʵش
˵⻰л뵽߮һʼ仰ʵô˵
ǵȻʱϲİԣһ㲻ȥ˵ϲ֮ġ
ʵġֱ̹߮ԡ
лߵлߵΪһش΢죬ͻȻЩڴЩ
ڴл߻⣬ȥһҲܽԼ˳˵
ͬʱȴֽһ˵֮õĽǵԼҪģƻлеĹϵ
ìܡ
Ҳ
߮Ӽκ鶼㹻İգҲ㹻ԼáΨлߵϣòţĳһ̲һ㷲
ڼ̺߮żָӵл߽еĲ豭£촽˶㡭
Ȼл߲Ÿտ˸ڣҰͳˡ
Ƴһۼ߮漴ʮȻߵлߵ£ˮú𣿡Ұ˾䡣
лߵͷԳ
Ұ΢΢á֪Ǽ߮ΪлݵģΪþڹʱܺȵԼݵĲˮ
뵽⣬Ұ΢΢Եл˵ҺȲ̫ࡣ
лָָձٵһ㡣ͳζ
̫鷳ˡҰ˵ţлǻʣһĲˮⲻǻʣ𡣡
ţлߺҰ˼
Ұ̧ƵлߵϣĿֱӶӣֱӺⱭ𣿡
ҲС
С
ͬʱģлߺͼ߮˲һĻش
Ұֱ˼߮Ǿ䲻УлߺȵǱ裬ڼ߮絶еĿ£ʼ
ʵϣҰʵ뽫ڶ׼л߷źȹĵطԼˣߵпܾͻеôߣֻһѡһɵλá
Ұûил߼ӽǣֻͬһˮ̶ֳȣѾü߮һںĸо
Ȼ֪߮ʵкܶ˲ԼıӸãл߻һˡΪ⣬Ҳʲô
Ȼ֪֪ɲһַС
˵֮ԭƽһٱơ
߮һĨ
Ұеһ̧̧֮Ƥɷµĵһͷͦõġڶļ߮û뵽ѧϰãݲĹҲ˵á
Ұϡ⣬ƺ߮ڳֵĸɲְƣĻĵɤȴ͸ĳ͡
̧ۣ߮䵭ĳֻÿ¶öѡ
߮⻰˵꣬մӷ˼ԶЦӯӯĽ˾䣺Ÿ磬ͬѧһѧԡ
½Цĳɼȷʵܺá
ܱŸô˵ǿ϶Ǻܺˡ˼Զһ˵ţһлһλá
û뵽˼ԶôϵģѡлԱߵ½ţ΢΢˶٣漴Ұһ¡
ԭܿյԲΪ½˵ļ룬һ¾ͱЩˡ
Ұлһ˫̥ǸͷϴģʲôԶţҲ̫˰ɣһ㣬ֱ۶ߵֱˡ
ҰЩõĽ˫м߮Ѿˣڻ˸½ţ½ҲͰˣߺܸȤ˫̥
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Ұֱ˵ҽ첻ȥկһЩ𣬵ʱһߵķΣǸʽ˵Ƚϸӷ
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ʱһֽŵĽΧҲǰ
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ôһ˼Զ˷ˡ
ֳ͸ŮϷһѡ˭˭ľߡ
Ȼл߲Ůӣֻ˼Զһ£ҲΥ͡
һԵ˼ԶѧУﱻΪŮ֮ѣҲûԭ
˸еһŰεġ
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ôţΪԼҸһ仰Ұͼ߮ͬʱŵлߡ
Ұͼֱ߮Ŀ⣬л΢΢ü׼ڣδ½ţùǽڷָ棬˹˵лΪѰɡһƽȻ
ҰЦһ׼˵½űʱװģû˵ڣͿ½ſлߣ˵һ䣺ȻѾѡˣټһѡһӦҲ˶ٰɣ


52 
½⻰һ˵, ٴһƬšԭֻҰͼ߮ĶţΪ½ŵļ룬ʹøӸӡ
ϴǳº͵Ц⣬ڵͫעл, ֻΪĺл߻ôѡ, ŰԼҲ˽ȥ
˼Զ˿Ұͼ߮, ֿ˿½, ڵİ֮һȼ˶塣ԭΪֻжѡһߣû뵽ǵŸ羹ȻصĹߡ
˵˵൱Ϸ绯չ
ôˣлߵ׻ѡ˭
˼Զһ˱ѡеĿ, ֱڵһš
һŵԱȸղŸһЩ
˼Զƺһͷһۡ
лߵĿҰ߮Լ½ŵһһɨ鵹ǷǳȻ, ûΪնеΪѻʲô
, л߽ͣļ߮ϡ
ֽ߮˽ͻȻЩš
лߵ²һʱ, һ˵Ҳһ
ܾˡ
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šգֻ߮Ǵȥеʧ䡣
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ҰЦ, лѡƫ˲Ұ, оһů⣬ʱ˿̣ƺкö໰Ҫ˵ߣҡ
߰ɣȽȥ·лվ
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ϸһ룬ŸλѧԵ£ҰǸ˽¡
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ҡ
˼Զ˵Ÿ硭ھɡԵİɣȻлȣȷʵ쬵ģһҲûЦ⡣
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ھҰʱ򣬼߮ĿҰͣ룬һɲǣͬʱҲӲĻȡ
󣬼߮˫һԲĻصԼķ䡣
ʱҰķڡ
Ұվ¹ǰ
¹ŵľӣվлߡ
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лЩʱҰĿһֱǰľӣӾλлߡ
л΢΢˳۽ܱյĻߣ̵ĻתһһĽ
ֿлǾСɵıǼ⣬ͱǼ·״Ư˫

롭
ˣת
лߵҰ˼
Ұת泯лߡ
л̧һۣſҪǰ濪ʼϵ
Ұͷ
ԭھ￴лߵʱҰ̲סˣлվţԷͷϵģʵϲý
ڸолߵָԼʱҰĺȻһҲ֮
˵ʲôɢһעҲڵ¶ȼȻûڣͿлΪ˿ɢ䣬΢΢¶һֺ󾱡
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ںڵķ˿мĺƤ棬ڷ׷ֻڿռƽְʾԵ|
ҰſţջûסĴȥ
ҲһɲǼ䣬ҰолΪ΢һµ塣
ñȵָʼ̽ԵġһһĻĦлĺ󾱡
ǴЩָ񲻾ǰл߶ùĻʡ
лʱġͼڣҰ˿̣ġĳ޵|
лϵĶһ١󾱴ҰָĴУôһ˲䣬оһַڵƶ
Ұ̽
̽ĵߣ̵ٽ㡣
Ƕɭ֮Ե|Ұ|ԣʱס¶||֮һŲצϵ
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ΪҰԵĸʺѱʦһϵ֮л߻̧ͷ
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ʱҲɴ಻ڸǳȵڵ̺ͫŵΣհƣվǰл߾졣
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û˵κλһֱ׵Ļش
лЦŲԵСڴݼ֡
ƫǳͫӳҰݣ峺ģ˿̣ȴٷɫҰ඼·©˰ģҲԽԡ
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Ķᣬ͸һ롣
Ĵ̺ĳΪ֮ա
дһ|Ũҵ
лߵƽʱͣԽɤƽһ˵ԸУ֮䣬Ҳ·ĳֱ繻ת
µҰҲûʲôóϵˡ
촽΢ţ˵ǰ˵Ļߣϲ㡣
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ҰǿлߣлߵĿͣϡ
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лβ΢΢׺һڵĹ¶˼ģ΢΢ڽţ˫|Ұ򦣬˵һ䣺㻹ҪŬ
Ŭһ㣬ĺøиһЩ
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һ룬Ʒл仰ıصĳ֮Ұϲķסл߼򣺡ô˵ǲǴҲϲ֮飿
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ҰΪˡ
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ҰҲĨǣ̹Ȼ˵ҿܻǿǡ֮󣬲л߻ش΢΢ФѾõ˫
лߵû뵽ҰôɴľͽһɲǼ䣬̧۽޿Ұ
Ұȴ۾
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лߵ˫ۣһƣĺˮ̺ŹƻĵΣա
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лҰҧһµ´΢΢һۣܰҧ˵°֮ǰǶ´
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ò˵Ұģ·ӡ
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ϲҰ΢ҡ
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ⴵ磬ŵ׹ӯëëβ˺лߵָɨҰգҰȥûõ˼˻ļ
΢΢ӣбۿרΪ׹лߣ΢΢һĨǳǳĻȡ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôһ˶
лΪë׹̧֣֮öɫĶݵлߵǰ
лüҲûŤ󣬵ö
ҰһڴҰ
лȴҡҡͷڲ
Ұһ壺Ϊʲô
лҲصȻһ
Ұһ졣
Ϊл׹ڵģȴû뵽лߴֻǾһ챦ʯë׹ʡ
аɣˡ
Ұ
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Ұһ㲻¿
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նл˵ҲߣҾһˡ
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ˣ㡢㣬ǵķ֋Ѿǰʰˡл˵ֿ꣬һԵĹסͷɡ
΢΢ףˡ
㡢㣬ʱҲˣȥϴϢɣҴȥ
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ʱϴҰͷɲɵ˳һTһ㣬ϻһë
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˸ĸое½š
߸׼ȷ˵½һ㣬Ӧþͻָо
˵Ҫ½ŸһЩ
ˣҲĲҰų⡣
վһ;ðۣ͸ֻ߮½Ÿվһĸоһ
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֮ȽȥҰķ䡣
Ұûԥ˽ȥֽŹˡ
Ұⷿϴ裬ﻹƮɢڵʵûȫɢⲢܿĿռ뵳ĳ֮С
л̧ñȾмʵͫҰ۾Ұ֮ǰлһ˵ҪԲҪĴס
Ұһ١
δ֪
˵Դˡ
ҰţлߵҰǰ˵ȻҶϲӦûԶҵϲ㲻öÿһվԱߵ˶е⡭
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һɲǼ䣬ҰĺȻһ١
ͫ࿪ʼܿƵĿ
лߣһѵˮ֮󣬲ûֱ뿪ǾƣȵĴҰӺ﷢һͳֻҰʼرġ


53 
Ұ, ʼرġ
˵⻰ʱлߵ˫һֱҰλõƤǴĴݼתĺ, ҲҰһƤϡ
, ˫ڷʱ, һһϵϸ΢һĶ, ҲһȻȻĥ|䡣
Щȵ⣬Ұ΢΢ڳҹȴоԼ·Ѿȵʢġ
лߵǻĳϡ
ʱ, Ҳýע仰ϡ
Ȼ֪֪ҰȴԼ޷о޷ԲлߵĴϢġϸ˿Ĵȥֻ仰ı
, ҰֻоһƬλڲϷȡ
ǱлߵĴỺĦĵط, һ̵ֱĸо
ҰִܿлѵһĿ
Ұ, лߵķŴл߷˿ƮɢϢտͫĳӿİ
һַ·Ҫл˶û
һ˲ҰԺ˼, ֻһ, Ȼ󻺻, ͫĻɬ|
̡
ڻǺʺϡ
Ұﲻǿ, ƴĵҰ, ǵѳ
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侲ˣȴûȫ侲
Ѿ|š
л߽°Ұļ򣬷󱳵ҲģڽҰȫС
ҰֻһĶ䣬һ㱡ĲϣлܸоҰϻ¶ȣҲܸо֮¡ҰǽʵıǺ͹ʵļ
Ұһϲ㡣
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ҰԼԼһлߣǷ˲һ
л߾ĳּ֢
Ҫ׽һ㣬׽һ㡣
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ߣ㡣
лЩЦҲȷʵЦʲô߼
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ɡҰĳЩִֵġ
š˵ڶΡ
ðɡִ֣лǰ̾ɾ

˿̣
˼ԶҰķ䴦ǽյķţʮĬĿʼ²л߽Ұе棬˵ʲô
СŴ𣬡˼Զеķۺ꣬գգۣĪЩĸпţл߶ҰƫҲ̫˰ɡ
顣˼ԶԱߣҲַ֮ΧԾͺ˺ܲһ
˼Զ˵ҵ˶ʮٴģ˾ԲǵСϵ
лʱۣҰĻϲлߵġֻҪ۾ϹǸ˶ܸоֻҪлһ֣Ұ񼸺𤵽лߵˡ
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Ұ
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½Ұлߵع۲һ£ͼ˵ı￴ʲô
о½ԴӵߣҰû⣬ֱԽл͵ͷĴſڣߣ
ʱ½סҰ
ҰĴбͫƳڵϵ½ţ£
½ҲĨˣϲ
Ұһԭᣬתһ֮ǻ˾䣺Զ׼𡣡˵꣬Ųһ䣺׷
½۴룺ģ
ҰЦһڿЦ
С֪𣿡
Ӧûش˵Щ赱Ȼ֪ҪǼﻹһְһҲûô׾͹
ЩҰȻûҪ½˵
½촽΢ʲôҰȴЩͷˣ½ţҿûʱαϷ
Լ⣬Ҫ̽ȴҪ˵£ҲƵûš
ȻȤ
Ұջߣ߻˷䡣

ڶģһ磬͵Ұ͸лȥѧá
ڿʼϿ֮ǰҰҵǸСк˵˺౦ɴǵĹϵѶǷޡ
ΪСصСкҰĽͣЩĵ˵ͷƺԴ˲ûо̫⡣
˵һ֮еϳɡ
Сһһ۵˵ʼʦʱ򣬾ʹӼʦ𾪵۾￴ˡ
Щ⣬һСĻģ
վҰԱߵлߣС΢һ¼߮۾ֳ︡𾪵ӡšЩ󲻳
С뿴˿лߣֿ˿ҰǷʲô˵ǴһĿʽҲһĶ׹
ҰС룬Щڴʵ㻹ʲô˵ֽ꣬ŵĴʲô
ֵܡС룬ĻصҿǹϵܺõС顣
Ұ
֪Ϊʲôеʧ
Ск֪һֽ¿ݡ
ʱ߮Žα˹ƳһҰҰһô۵ĴŴ磬л˵СȣϿˡĿαݸлߡ
лߵ˵ͷáʮȻĽӹ˴Ӽ߮Ŀα
ȻлڻѾγȫת߮һڵֻϵһ룬Ϊ˱ѧεʱΪʦܵӰ죬лҪѺҲꡣ
ʼա
ڼ߮ҪͨϤл֮ǰḶ̌Աڽ֮࣬ʵһЩ
л߽εʱҰԽ̨һţֳ򥣬һĿŽ̨ϵлߡ
רעӺֻܿлһ
۵׻̺żЦղ˫ӳлߵһһʼչŲȴ޷˺ӵĻȡ
лܸоҰǹרעĿ⣬û⣬ĻǷڽϡ
·۱ϵĻ䵽Լڣлںڰд֮ǰ⽫΢΢˼֣¶һϸ׵
ΪҪϿΣл߽û¶ƤԵʮֹ⻬覡
һŵҰлһжֻĶÿòС
ŷ۱ںڰдְ֣˳
΢΢͹ÿһǽڶޱȣһ˿覴á
ȻЩԶҰлϵһź롣
ͨĺ룬лߵϣĪҰһЩɫ|ĸо
һ죬ҪϸϸǱле룬۾·һţط
뵽⣬Ϊ˲ԼԳҰ΢΢ջߣ侲˼룬ٴ̧Ž̨ϵлߡ
Ұͬһŵǻļ߮˼ƫҰȣҲò˶١
˵߮ڸùעл߽εݺͽεĽ࣬Ȼȡʺοεķ
л߽ε߮˼ͲԾķƫơ
Ϊѧøлڽεʱ˵ٱƽ˵ʱҪࡣ
ƽȶЩͣתǧذ㣬͸һ΢ĴԣǴָлϸɳ
͸߮ĶĤһƬƬë䵽ദƯ֮䣬
ʹעص㣬Ҳл߱
лߵƤܰף޹˪ѩĴ˶̫һ
ĺĤҲɫƫǳ֣£Ե
Ǿһɫ۾רעʱ򣬻ΪĳЩͫƣܻñŵ˲һٵĸо
ٸУҰʱľͿ־壬һֺ±յĻĽš
뵽⣬߮űʵ΢΢˽ͼƮԶ
˿̣Ұͼ֮߮⣬ҵĴ⻹վ½ˡ
Ұл뿪ûþ͹˵ģ˼Զģȿл߽ӣ˾͸ѧһѧá
Ѿվ濴˺һˡ
˼Զż̨ϵлߣлʵ̫ҫۣЩӿʶֱӽﻰ˵˳лŮҾҪ׷
ô˵½ŵһ˲
󵱼һ͵һ˼Զ˵࣬ڶ˼Զ˵ڶԼ˵
˼Զ촽˶׻ס׼˵ĵڶ仰Ǿл߶΢һԻὫԱЩͨͨԺ
½ջؿлߵĿ⣬˼Զ˵˵ؽ죬һе״ᣬ죬ĶŮ
˼Զһϱ½˼עŵؽϣؽӦñ껹֡
ʱĺܶգŵزϣǺܺõġ
϶İɣӹĻϾʮžٰһΡ
һ롣

һʱ䣬ܿȥˡ
ؽһ죬㲻ҵ¥ڵĵƻ𣬾½ʼ
лҲú磬ңͺһ׼Ҫõıںͺʡ
ӣҰҲæˡҰǰûŪЩлŪɳ׾ȥ֋Ŵ׸ۡ
Сʱ֮Ұӳ˳
ֱ󣬼ߵлǰЩص˵ߣҸ㿴һ
л̧ĿҰҲյλãݵͣ˰ЦЦ˵һ䣺ʲôɣ
Ұô׾Ͳ³
лЩЦⲻǺȻ𡣡һҰŵֱ֣óɣҿ
ҰûȲ²ʲô
л˼Ƭ̣ص౦
Ұҡͷ
лֵQңȻЩѶȣҰӦҲá
лţͿҰٴҡͷҳĲ²⣺Ҳԡ
ζԣ£лҲڱ˼ֺ棬ʲô
ҰüһЦ۰ǡ˵ţһֱŵǹ״ųлǰƣֻһҡ͸ĳԼĵ⡣
лߣ
ɵ
л߿ټǹţЩ΢Щӡ
Ұǰӵ𡭡
һ¸Ұֻһ¸СкӮҰ
ôһԱ֮󣬺Ҳ˵ùȥ
лֻǶǹţ֮ûκηӦҰʣ𣿡
һΧȫ̵磬ûסһЦҲЩ̿
κл߻ˣҰеϵġ
ǾꣿЦŴȤ


54 
ؽڷΪС, Сÿ궼УʮһΣٰ졣
һկȫȥţͶţڶ콫ţɱ, Ů֮Ȥζˡ
Ұ˵, һ͵ڶҪǸѾǧġϼա
״, עص㡣
ԭ, Ҫ̫ܻӭˡ
ڼһڶʱ򣬾в˴յǰЦøһ仨ƵıϲŮ, ŮӶ࣬ռ
֪˵ҪȢߵϱʱжǰšŶԷ˲Ҫ, Ҫ϶˵Ƿ, ƻֱɺࡣ
ߣҽһ춼Ҫ㡣
ǵһ, վл߼Ұһɫ˵һ仰
ҰӣлЩϾ˵ôϲҲҪţ
šҰͷһ𡣡Ǵ粽롣
ȻҰûֱ˵
ûб, л߻Ұ֮, Щ̿ǵʱҪǣ𣿡
Ұ˾䣺ǵҲáȻȷʵô
лû϶˵, 뵽ܻϵĸֻ, ѵ̫, յľƲ֮ǰ׾ƣߺܶ࣬ʱȾƣҪǿԼֱʵ˵С
ϾҰľлǼʶģʮŵ׾ƶȻûþ;ˣҲ֤ҰȲ̫ơ
л⻰Ұԭ˵ԼʵԣôܳԼУȻǰ׺ǾҲغ⡣
Ǻܿ죬Ұתһ룬ʱԼΪȾƺˣǾлɳˣ
ôһ룬ҰĻͣȴֻ˵һ֣á
л߿һǽϹŵʱӣʼһСʱڳĻʱոպã߰ɣȥɽ
ﺣߵɽɽһƬʻǧΧɵĹ۾ءػڶϵʱѾźһŵľƣԼҪõͭģ«Щ
Ұһлʵ㰢أ
Ѿȹȥˡл˵ţſڣհŴ򿪣Ϳ
ѽСȣɣȴкһݣǹͭɫƤ£Եøİס
ɣֱվż߮һվ½ţ˼Զ˫̥˼Զǵڶлߴкˡ
̧֣ЦӯӯĶл߻˻֣Ϻðлߡ
ЦʮֲãԵֳϲĽգЦݿױȾ
Ϻáлߴ΢΢Ǳ͹˵һ۾ŴǹһĨЦ˼欵ġ
峿ӹůɫĹ䵽ϣճƯߺµ١
ʱͻȻһ
ĿűʱŻᷢ졣
ķ˼Զ˫̥ܵܡߡ
һɲǼ䣬ڳе߶
о˵Ŀ䵽ԼϵĿ⣬ЩڨڨĽ͵ֻǾл߸ոܺÿʶˡ
˵⻰ſлߣҾͰƬɾȻôţʵﲢɾ
˾СһƬѣлߵֻǻҪ˵һ£ٳ
ãһϲ֪ǱͬƬµ˼
Աߵ˼Զһ̧֣ЦеĽֱ۴ļ򣬴չȥ˵ǵðƬҡ
½Ц˵ʵҲͦ뿴ĵƬ
⻰˵꣬ɣһļ߮ɫƳ½һۣ۵׷ĳֲײ⡣
Ұ˿⼸ˣл߶ϵ˵ߣ̫ˡͬƬ̫ûòˡ
Ұôţ˿ûǰͬ͵лƬְʲôԣҲ˿õƬԼǲԵġ
˿̣ŵԺһˣҲҪĺܶƬ˯ġԷġϴġ
ҰϽס˼
лע⵽ҰͻȻĶҰ۾˼룬˹ʵʲô
ҰߣЩĻ˾䣺ûʲô
𡭡лβ΢漴һҰЩĶˡԿ϶Щʲô
û뵽л߻ͻȻĶͻȻϸҰ˲һȻûиܸ࣬л߾Ѿջء
ʱһֲϲµĸоҰɤϣָоͻȻһƮƮëһļ⣬Ÿոտʼһ˼ðξȻֹˡ
Ұ΢΢򴽣ѵЩԹĿлһۣߣһǹġ
л̧ۣ𣿡Ц
ȷʵǹģҰǶģ֪ҰﶨȻʲôĶ
Ծ붺һѡ
лЦ
лߺҰߵĻڶǼ˵ͳһ˵ǡ
߮ĿһĻ֮߱ǰӲˡ
½ŴǵЦ⣬Ҳѹ
ɣǼ֮УӦΪԵġ
üͷиֳһĨƹ֮ǻĺüٶɬ
Ͻ죬ʮʱ䡣
ʮ죬ĿСȺҰԽԽĿ֮ĹϵԽԽܣȴֻԶԶԹţĵĶͣȻһڽĶһ㣬ԳԴס
ɣ⣬СȴСһ𳤴ʮ֣ȻȲʵദʱһ궼Ұ
ɣܷŭŭ˵ĹϵŭԼûһֹʸɡ
֮⣬оһִδйС
Դĳһ֪
Ǿԭʱ򣬸û󵽡
ϲֵö磬ûá
ʺϣǲʺϡ
Сȡ
СĶи飬ƾôദͲֻάַСϵˡ
СȶҰ
ȻɣܲϣȷȷʵʵоóСȶҰǲͬġ
ԼľҪô𡭡
ԭڻСȱ⡣
Сȸ֮ҲˣĽֻԼ뿴𡭡
ɣۣڵͫһƬᡣ
ҰлߵһСٱӰ쵽ļˣȥɽһ·϶ûô˵
ڻʼ֮ɣ߮½ŵ¶Ǻܸߡ
Ұһʼ˵Ǵ粽ĸлߵ
лȥȥ
ҰĸӺܸߣֿͦȻ˧ÿŨīõĽüԴһ񣬴ۿ˵ʱޱܸһȻѹȸС
žЩˡ
ձϲõӣμӻŮǻ˵ڴ֮顣
ҰɷһվлЩл߱Ľ֮ˣҲͷ׼ȥѰˡ
ѰͰ֮ǰկĹǻǸл߾˲ٴͬկͬҵ˾ơ
ȻΪμؽڵĿˣҰͼ߮Լ½Ҳ⡣
½źͼ߮ôȾƣΪǸⶼ֮
ҰΪ˷ֹ˳Լ֮ʱл߳룬˵һھˣӲһڲҲûմ
֮УΨлʵʵڵĺ˺ܶơ
лǴСկﳤģҰֻ߮½ЩľѾǺܺˡ
л߾ٺãͻȻһ֮ںô׾ƵŨȸ߳ľƣ˺棬Ҳ˷ǳԵ⡣
ͬȵЩģա
ٽĺɫ²㣬Ϧͺҹ佻֯һ
翴һɫ漴շ׼ص¥
״Ҫǰһθգܾˡ
ǰСǴ˲ꡢȴѾϳɵòеĹѵμؽڣҲϣԷĿһЩٶһɫĻ
Ȼˣ͵ǸԼŸ٣˵һ·Χܹǲġ
⣬һڽľмŵǣֿһ۱лߣ˼һͷã·Сġ
ЦЦ뵽ʲô˵ˣ˳ҸҰС˵һ£ҪľԱƵһֱСȵߣҲúøһᡣ
Ұ֮ǰҴ˼£ҲҰСȵĸ顣һҰҪôڷ˽ӽСȣҪôڷǸ˽ӽСȡ
ҰϾСôϲСȷֹ˽Ҳ˵ùȥø黹Ҫųжȣʵķһ£ԼҪôҲΪ˲Է̫ѹ
ЦӦõģһת
˵ͷǾ鷳ˡ
뿪֮󣬳ߣѾ׼õľ˴֧ܣȻνǶݳɶ⡣
Ϊ峤ɣûѵȼŻ졢顢ͲԢ
ɲǼ䣬ȼգΪҹɽ˳ȵ
˼룬ΧЩ˵ĻЦҲ·𱻴Ⱦˡ
뵽Ļл
߽ҰǿĿ⾯£ĻҰ
Ұֻ꣬˾䣺֪ˡ
֪ˣǲ׼
һ춼ˣôͷи
ôţͷԵлߡ
ܾƾӰ죬лԭѾһ㵭ı죬βҲȾһǳɢĺ졣
ˣֺû
˵ˣΪգǼ⣬ź죬βҲʪĺ⡣
˵ûΪ˿Щ֮⣬˼άЩģĶԻûдûпİ
ƯµϣĹӰٵһɫŵˮƱһʪ⡢ʵıɴ
ֻһ̧бü֮ȻɢһֲɫҰļȡ
ʱԲܷ˽ӽߡ
ע⣬ҰǵûиһȥΧм䣬л߿˿
лߵһľҰһµӰȫֵлߵϡ
ӰлһľӰͼл߲ôעĿҪһЩͣϵĿ⡣
Ұһλõļ߮Ұ˼ͦü΢΢һ塣뵽ҰΪ˵ס˶лߵĿ̽׻û˵ʲô
ΪҲҰһѡ
߮ţͿб෽½Ŷ׼ȥ˼Զ˵ЩʲôȻ˼Զ۾һҰл߿ȥ
ţֿȵЩ˼ԶЦܹȥҰ簢˵ЩʲôƺΪĲ˳˼ԶǳƱȻһָҰһָ
߮ɫ΢Լµ˵ʲô΢΢򴽣½ſȥһۡ
о߮Ŀ⣬½Ŵ΢һЦ˼ֲ׽
ܿ죬˼Զͺͼ簢ߵҰߡ
ͻȻΧ⼸ˣҰ۾΢У˲侯ǡ
ŸոտڣΪף˲ɷ˵Ϊȫ̸лߡûвμκλҰ
ҰĿܺÿһֻϵüͷڼİ£һִֵֽ飬ϵİҰԡ
űΧҰ߮ʱЩ΢ûǴĻոΪ׵ãԸʱ׼л߱Ľ֮⡢ȴҰסˡ
ҶûкȾƣ˼άѵġ£˾ƣھƾĴ߶£ŮĵȻʹ˺ܶࡣ
ټһ𣬻ǳһССıʢȴķʽҰлߡ
뵽⣬߮ٴο½š
һеǴ½ͬ˼Զ˵ĳЩʼ

߮ţһ͵͵
߮ͷһлߵͷײľЩ۲ŷһૡ
𡭡
߮׼վߵߣͿл߲һվͷҲصɽķȥ·ƿƽʱҲЩȡ
߮üͷ΢šûжֱ׷ȥ
ۿл߲һģ֪л߲ˤʶַ˹ȥ
סлߵ촽΢Сǲء
һȥ֣߮û˵ΪлȻתͷɫ˲˺Ҳ©˰ġ
׵¹£лΪЩʪתת䷺ǳǳĲһ޾ƣһ˳Ĺƻ
΢΢̧ۣƫǳɫͫżֺֻ߮Ǻ޽һƳûн߮С
ϵĹȴûȥ˿üֹ֮˵Ļʡ
лߣü߮置ĺ˵
лܹƻĵ֣һһĳ򣬻˶ڣɿ֮䣬ëƮļ⣬𿿽֮һļµ⡣
ʱлüͷ΢΢һ壬ھôż֮߮󣬰һΪ˽ǰ˿ø߮һ
߮ĺ΢΢ţЩŵı
ʱ˿̣߮ҲЩȷлߵǴ״ֻ̬ΪӿŻԵɫ΢ãǱƾӰ˼άʶڻȻ֮С
ʱлͻȻһֻ֣ȵָס˼߮°ͣȻ󽫼߮תڽ˱ʲô
֮л߲ջ֣ϳ˵Ǽ߮
̵ģɫΪȾƶЩɳƺ͵ͳ΢΢βƽһֱ|
߮л˽ĳĲһԼԵøƽȥɡ
л˦֣߮áŲһ䣺Ҫҡ䣬һɽ·ȥ
߮Ȼܾô״̬лһɽ׷ȥٴסлߵ
лЩˣ̧̧Ũ۽ޣһССľãְ
߮˵ԷֵҪţһͳŵʹ𡭡
û𣿡
߮һ٣ۻͷ߹½ţ㡣
½üϣңҰ
⻰Ҳȼ߮ڣֻ˵ӦҰɣҵĻ㻹Ȼ󡣡
˵⣬½ŵҲӼ߮ϣƵлߵ֡


55 
ҹĻʹ, ½űԶվ֦ҶïĻ֮¡¹߲µĹӰϣݶ˼ֲ׽䡣
΢䣬Ͷ価Գ˹, ֻȴһ˿ЦصĲ
Ϊͬѧ, ߮½ŵԸԲ濴ôº޺ڸеʱ, ֪½ž, óߵ»˴Ŀġ
һƽ׽˵ļ棬ʵϹĮȻ
߮½ִ·ʽĶԴϾÿ˶ÿ˵һ罻ڴ˽ϵĸֵۡ
ϸ½Ų죬ڳָеʱ, ǡͬ¡ʵһЩҪĻӣ½Ŵʱάһֻ״̬
š
ˣ, ߮ȻҲƽⱻơ
Դ˿, ½ĳЩ⣬߮Ҳû, ûʱ˷һ˵޹ؽҪϡ
£ֻлߡ
˵һʼȷлǵ˻ӿˣôҲܿ϶лߵںߡ
£ǳ˽Ҳ, ǳһֻĵ¹, ôл߶ɽ
Ȼ, ѡҰлͷ, ڼ߮ĿǷΧ֮ڡϲǰ, ô̹
߮˺ܶ࣬ʵϲֻ롣
ԼĴ㣬Ȼ½ŲԼĴڱӡ
Ŀͣڼ߮лߵֻڵͫѱ档
ɿ֣
½˵ƽȻڵķϸͲѷ֣˼Ƶ⡣
߮䵭ĻصҸôҪ˵ҰҲͰˣ֪ԼлеĵλȲҰ½ʲô˵Щ
½Ŷл˵ֻһѡ
л֮䣬һ΢֮ͬ顣
˵ܷſ𡭡
лֻЩκģһҲ뿴šҼ߮ôúò˳֣Ǳһ
ϲ
ȥ˯
л˦˦֣û˦
Щˣ߮㲻Ǽ߮ţƤҩ˵⣬лִһãҲ֪ͻȻ뵽ʲôʼЦ
ǳüÿģ˼ɵЦҲ޵ʢһ
ԭڶŵļ߮½Ŷ뿴
½촽΢׼˵ЩʲôͱһٵĽŲˡ
ߣòװѵЩ˵Ұ첽ܵߡ
ҰлЩãȻգգŨ۽ޣ̧֮۾˲һֺǺǵĳҰ֣С飡
Ұܵлǰһץסڰڶ֣һЦңС顣˵⻰Ұͽת߮ǵЦҲһɲǾʧ֡
ֻ˵֣䣬ûжķϻ絶棬ֱֱ߮
߮һҲɣ˼ɣҰһֱӳȭֻڿͷ档
ľҪſ𡭡
ûȼ߮һѡһ룬־Ѿˡ
лǿӲ˦֣Ȼ˫ץҰ֣ҡţС顭ǻؼҡ
ãҰشţƳһۼֻ߮лѵַ
Ұһл߽ˡ
½ţʼҰûᡣ
лߺҰԽԽԶĽŲ߮ҲԽԽͳ
ۣ˳Ľëס׵Ѿ΢΢˽ڽץסʲô
Ϸ·𻹲Ŵлϴ¶ȣȻݸܵĵˣȴѾű뿪ˡ
߮Ĭã̧ͷʱعƽҲû֪ʲô½ţֱ˻ظˡ
һ춼ûôȾƣڣԼһ¡
ֻܲȥ˼
ȥѾ췺ĳֵļʡ
һߡ
ɽ·ϡ
лǣҰǰ棬·֮ǰҪƽȣҰǣֵסл߶Ѿ˺üء
Ϊµɽ·ΧкܶߴľڵԾܽº䵽ϵȴ٣Ҳʹ·ĻΪ谵
Ұл֮䣬ֻ˰ֱ۵ľ룬ҰҲܺܺõĿлϵı顣
Ȼ޷ͨлߵıֱ棬ҰԸолһ״̬
Ұ뵽ԼŸϹʱ߮ץлĳһ˲䣬д棬ֱӳȥ߮һȭ
סȻı֮飬ûǵ˾ٶ
ʵ֪˼߮Ӧлߣл߶ڰ͹ƽɽ·ˤ֪֪ҰɲŨҵŭ
ڵߵǰʱס֣һС飬ǳǳдĳֻϲ֮У˲ͽȼյķŭ֮
뵽⣬ҰŲһͣǰлߺһߡ
л߻ͷҰ̵ķţ
˵⻰ƺΪҰøл̧ǰһСĲȵһʯͷıԵ岻ܿƵбǰб
Ұۼֿıסлߡ
һɲǼ䣬һλζл߲ϵȦһ¾ѵҰš
Ұƺһǵһʱֱλסлߵĺߵ˵СЩ
˵䣬л߾µĶ⣬лߵΪ⣬Եϸ΢һ£
л͵͵ģʶϳҰĶĤ
Ұһ±
ֺƵĺùԣһġ˳Ĳ˹èǵȥḧο
ôţҰ£һֱۣûеԼø
оȵĴУҰһֻ֣лߵĺ£ʾл߽Լļ
лᵽҰ˼
˳ӵĽ˹ȥ
ȻΪݿŵҰһɺ֮ܵܵ
л΢΢ۡ
ϲζ
һЦһ룬ֱһҧסҰĲ
Ұ͵һ㡭
Ļ˵꣬ͱл߽ΪŪôӺһѹֵĵ|
лŲԵСҧסҰ֮󣬾˿еݻʱʪġЩʹĴУҰܵĲ|
һɲǼ䣬·һ||ĵҰļһ·ϴֱֱӿĺ
ͬʱЩڸ
ߡҰлߵ֣Ҫлɿڣƽʱͳ͸żԼɳơ
Ұл
šǣҰ
л˿ڣȻôҰľ࣬͵ͻ˵ʣšöůŴòС
ҰһŬĵ׵⡣
ƽһºлߵںڵķ˿ϣߣ֣Ȼȥ
ܲлͷ£ͱҰһߡ˶лߵģֱӸΪһӡ
ȥáȥлЦ
С飬ңҰҡ
ҰһлߵĶãұ㡣˵⻰ǰл߰
лûмҰıϣȡ˲ϵȦȻϵҰĺ󱳡
лߵĸ֮ѾǷǳˣҰȣߣЩ׻Ҫࡣ
ҰѴ֮ͽ
ҰȵıڱϣлһֻֻסҰĲһֻȦҡ
Ȧײ䣬ö죬Ц˵Ұ
ҰЩ̿
ǰһúƵ߹ԵòУڿҲȻ
ڣ֮ɽ·ϣлûмңҰƽµı˼С
ʱ㣬ȻպѾϢˡ
Ұл߱ص¥׼϶¥ķ䣬֋߳ˡ
֋һǷ˿ҰϵлߣСǺ˰һ˵һ߹лߵĶͷẠ̊́ȰŵϣȥһˮѾơ
Ұͷ鷳ˡ
֋Ұ⻰֪ͻȻ뵽ʲôȤ飬ҡͷЦЦЩζĶһ֪Ұ˵һ䣺СɣҲ鷳鷳㿩
С֮󣬿ɲһ¾ܺõġ
̵ķͻȻڡ
Ƶĳʱ䣬һ˾õöࡣ
֋ô˵ҰЩɻ˼׼ѯʣ֋Ѿת˳
Ұ˿ıӰշѯʵĴ㡣
л߷ŵϣȻлţԱֱ۷лߡ
ߣҰͷԵ꣬˿̶ԷôԹԵţⰲӣһʼ·ҧӵʱһҲմߡ
֮ߣʱɣʱڣ
νļˣƷ裿
Ұ֋ŵĻԷǸζʵҰѲȥߵľƷ˵ľƷҪ
ҰţлͻȻ̧
һ룬лֱ˫֣һһҵסҰǷĿȻʼһҰ
ǡ򡭡ʡ
ҰٱлñΣܣҲлȥˡ
ȻлôҰЩκͺЦġ
ǰǸǣ˺̵ӡ󣬲ȻԷҲʱ򣬶Ǳʶֹ
ûӣ֋һõѾˮ˳
ҰǱлЩεĿЦС֮һһڡ
ˣҰסл߻׼ҶֹߣȺˮѾơ
Ұ⻰˵ˮĸ֣лʱͣžͿ˱֋ŵϵ롣
Ұʵʵ𣿡
֋Цŵ˵ͷ˵ģַſԼͻˡ
˵ֲ꣬һ䣺ˮͺģζŨҲԣСȻᵱϺȡ
ôһ˵֮ҰҲûʣ֡
лҲȻ֋ԣԾס룬ʼһһڵĺ
СɣˮѾպˣľͰҲɢȵĲҩСȺѾˮҪ鷳ˡ
áҰ˿רעؿлߺѾˮͲû̫ࣺ֋ȥϢɡ
ҰӦ֋Ҳֱӻݡ
ûãСˮͱлȫ˶ǡ
֮л߷е룬ʶ||һ´ǡ
һĻҰ˶٣һĨɫ
Ŀ䵽лǱѾˮʪĴ|ϣɫǱ¶Ļ꣬ˮ֮ԵýΡ
ҰſţЩԳˡ
˿ȣһ׼˵л߾ͻȻλվ
Ұ״Ҳվôߣ
л̧Ұ˵ϴ衣
ϴ裿
Ұ룬ӦʱлѾֱרϴԡҷȥˡ
֋˵ĻҰ׷ȥл˵ȥˮ
ҰͰˮᵽԡҷ֮һ۾Ϳл߹صˮͷ׼̧ŽǸշźˮľͰ
Ұһߣסлߡ
л߻ͷʲô΢΢üڹҰôһһէġ
ҰϽˮͰŵϣ߹ȥסлߣߣ滹ֻˮ
л̧ҪƿҰ϶˵ˮϴ裬û
ûҰӦĻƵĽøˣȱ𼱣ҰˮŽȥ
·ҲҪ˲СҰֽŲ䡣
Ҳһ䣬һлߡ
лһŶû·˵ţԼ̵ִ̨Ա߷·ļӡ
յҰۼֿĽˮͰˮľͰ
Ͱ֋ȷźõĲҩˮ渡һ㡣
ҰⶼЩʲôҩ
Щҩ״ɫ֪֡
˵ǲݣҰãЩһƬƬɫķҶ߻ꡣ
սһ㣬ŵһɺĵζ
Ұָˮ£Ƚ̣šԱǸֻܷˮˮͷʼ¶ȡ
ˮ²֮ҰصˮͷվһѾµл˵ߣˮҺˡ
лһ͵͵Щ
úϴȳȥˡ仰֮ҰͻٳſȥڼʼĿбӣӲûҿлվķҪԼ·ȫѵߣͲȥˡ
ȻҰߵſڵʱлͻȻס
ҰС顭۴ɽˡ
ҰŲסûлͷƺ
֡
лٺ붼ûҰתߵлǰ
лת˸󱳶Ұҽ⿪
Ϊѵ˷£лھֻһİɫڳġ
ͷ˳ɢ䵽ȴƯļ羱ÿһ˿ﶼɢŵ㡣
λñոճᣬսڳȻȻĽ߹յ
ǰɫĲлߵߣÿһ֮䣬Ұ˵һԶ|ص|
Ұסл߽ᡣᲢǺܽҰûüʮͽ⿪ˡ
ˡҰһ
šˡл߲˵
лô˵ԭҪ뿪ҰͻȻͲôųȥˡ
ߣҰ㣬ߣҰʼţǱ㣬Ƕˮǰģûһʾ𣿡
ʾ
ţʾ籧һǴ⧲ĴҰͫ͵һҪ˵ĻҲ˲˺
ԭֻл߱һȫû뵽л߻ͻȻĴǡ
Ȼֻת˲ŵǳǳһǣȴѾ㹻Ұˡ
Щ㶵վԭأ˺ü룬̧ԼĴǡȻһ˲ܶݣǸоĴУʹлߴݼת㡣
ҰǲԾ̣̲סȥϸϸζʱˮб𣬽ڳҲѵлѾľͰʮյĿȥ
ȵˮûлߵļл߸оһƤˮķ֮С
ֱ۷ľͰıԵ΢΢ţ۾һ̾
л߷һ繵̾Ұֱӱ
ûת˽ֱԺ˼ʼת˼ʱߡǲߡ


56 
˵, ʱӦľֱ뿪Ҫȥлڵķһۡ
Ұԡ
ҲǾǵԸ
ֻ˰벻ڳȥ֮, Ұѡ˺ߡ
֮, Ұת촽΢, ׼˵, ȴڿлߴ˷ģ֮󣬺ٴο˿ǣ˼άҲһɲǼͣ͡
ƮɢľͰлؿľͰԵ
ĺľͰ, ΢΢ţ¶ϸƯĲȣ, ϸ覵쾱
Ө͸ˮСɵ°͹, ˳Ųһ·¡
Ưĺᣬ˳ǡ
, ŰļûˮС
ľͰƯŵĺɫҶŷˮҡҷǳǳʺ޵ɫ¶ļĵð֬
Ұлֶһ޶ĶСҲҲҲеڶˣ㣬ҪȥЩʲôȴһֻȻɵ|ұ֮ɫת
оҰ, л̧ͷ, ߿˹
ˮлı, Ƶлߵ, 뵳˼ʵĹƺˮԵ, лߵҲ͸˼֬Ⱦı졣
β·ǿ룬ҲѬøӺ޺ġ
Ưһ΢΢һʮ־˵˾䣺ôû߰
ôûߣ
ôߣ
Ұҵļ́лߣߣ㣬𣿡
лЦţ̵Ļ˾䣺ҲҪš
Ұ˵ҿ԰걳ߵл󣬶ľͰԵл¶ʪֱܵ
лû˵ƺ˼Ұشǰ˿л߶һ飺𣿡ͳ͸һ˿΢ɳơ

лᶯ˶һ΢΢ƫ˼֣ܿҰ˵
ҰЦ㻹û˵Իǲԡ
šҲаɡ
лߵ˵ͷ⻹ûѣ˼άԺУһѵĴ걳ҲǺܲġ
ҰлӦ˿ľͰͷȰͷ
лһ
Ұȥлƽʱõͷ
ûͷҲûͷؾ飬ȻûҲ֪ͷշת¡
ߣڽлߵͷ֮ǰҰлһ
һ޳ָḧлߵķ˿һ˵ͷѾ˺üΣסҰɡ
š
ģҰһϲ
лߵͷ˵С顭סҼңû⡭
󹷵͡סġȻסĴ٣Ǿûġ
Ұո촽˲ѹȥ
֪뵽ʲôԼûסЦ˳ţ˵Щûʲôá
ͷɡ
Ұлߵͷȫ£ָⲻɱĴлߺ󾱺ͼ羱ļǵлϸ΢|˺ü¡
лԵıܷӦҰֱ䣬òƽĺֱЩˡ
Ұлߵͷл·ϵļӽβ̶Ժ󣬱ⷢ˿ˮʪ
ȻЩŪ֮ŷ֣мʪķ˿̵лߵĺ󾱣ںīķҲ|Ƽ䣬ѩ׵ļ|ƽһֱ繸С
Ұ촽΢һ˲䣬ͻȻִȥָỬϸ|塣
ҰԥҪҪֵʱлͻȻ˵ôں棬ȥӰ
Ұ΢٣ƵٿһվŶԣӡ
Ұ¼ǱûתʱľͰлѾ˸ơ
л泯Ұߣϸ˫۽ķľͰԵϷµ°ʹǽ󴦡
Ĵ΢΢ǳ̵Ļȣʪ˵۾ֱĿҰ
걳ĻӦҲҪݽɡ
Ұ͵ضס
ݡݽȥһ𣿣
룬Ұл仰˼գգ۽ޣһЩЩϲлߡ
ڴлǻЩʵ֮ͫĵ׵ļ˲ͽࡣ
ʱˮڳлߵо˼ģıӰҰ˵ҰĻȻʵϣȴֻǴڱһֲûж˼
Ұһʱɽһ
ð죬ҰŻ˾䣺㡭˰ɡݽȥˣʱѳֲסɴ
Ȼϲߣһ𣬵ҲƵ³֮Σ
ҰԼûġ
ߵԿס
Ұ񣬿ĲҾ͡վɡ
ҲСлߵͷֳ
Լܾģڿл߾ô׸ı⣬ҰʱЩʧ䡣
ߵлߺ󷽣ëʪȻʼлߴ걳
Ȼ˵Ǵ걳ʵҲֻǽʪë档ë۵͸лߵƤԴлߵëס

лƤ̫⻬ˣҲ̫覡
Լ̫ЩֲڵëлߵƤĿĺۼ

ʱһһš
Źʮ벻ҰĶͷͷһ㱡ϸ
ڳڷȡ
ΪĻΪĲϷӿ⡣
ʱҰʲô۵ĥ
ҪëҪ߲˼ķҪëл߱»λá
ȻûݵľͰ棬Ǵ˿л߶ֽ|ƿ|УȴһҲû١
һʼԼ˵Ҫæ걳ҰȴޱȺڡ
ֻ룬ֻܿƣֻѹֵĸ飬ʵ̫尾
ʱʧҰеһҲԽԽ
˺棬лһߡ
һֱңһ£׵Ķˡ
ЩǱģҰëһվȻлΪĶʻ֮ǰٷɿ˵ѾϽ·
һ仰֮ҰͷҲصĳſȥٶȿþкˮڳӿ׷һ㡣
߳ҰžûǼٵĺһЩŹϣţ΢΢ͷ۾ƽϢڵȻ𣬵ȴǹɷӦȥ
¥ĴûȫϣӴⴵķ磬ΪҰ˼ɢȥЩ|ȡ
Ұ̧ǽڷ֣ˮʪķ˿ȫΪͷĲں᲻ɵĻ£ƽһӲԸеɫ|
ҹºԲ¹
ԶөĻ買ǡ
ϡҹ⾲ĵ¥ڣֻҰͳĺԡҷڡǻˮ
ʱѾ֮ҰŻתߣ𣿡ţһֲûкתĵɤѯлߡ
õʱŴˡ
ڣվֻһڳĵлߡ
Ұע⵽л۾ʸѾɢȥ˲٣պβĺҲࡣ
ӣӦò˶ãܳ׾ˡ
Ұһʱ䣬ŵʮл˵ȥú˯ʣµҡ
Ļû˵꣬л߾ٴסգ֮ǰදţٶ켷һˣЦ
һЦһ˵ţոôô죬ǲг򡭡ԣһûг򡭡Ҳûнţ㡭
ߡߣ㡭Ϊл꣬Ұ˵Щѣȡȷſ
Ұѵİһ仰˵֮˼л߹ɵķˡ
Ȼһ룬лǣҰ֣һõӣ¥ߡ
Ұһ˳һʵҪȥ
ȥ˯
ȥȥ˯


57 
ȥȥ˯
ҰͻȻһɲ
һ˲, ˼ά崻һһĶԭءһΣͣ͵ʱ䣬Ȳǰл߶˵һݵľͰʱ, Ҫ
˺ð, Ұ˼άƺ, ˹, Щŵȷһ飺˯Һ˯
лһ漴վԭزǰߵҰûĥߴɴͷ, ü΢΢ЩͷĻش𣺡Һ㣬ѵҺͱ𡭡
УҰҲû룬ֱӾѿڶ
˵֮, ҰŷԼķӦƺЩˡ, л߰ɫͫЩʲô, л߾Ѿʧģ㲻˯ĻԼȥˡ
˵л߾ɿ֣׼Լ¥
Ұ״ץסлߵ󣺡˯
Լ˵ġԼ
㵽ʱѹҲԼ˵, оܾ, Եʱ, Ϊûס, ߷˵ʲô, Ҳǳ֮Σ
ҰﲻҰʾţͼΪԼģصڴϲɡ
Ȼ˵˯Ҳֻǵ˯һ
¥һļסлߵķڶ¥࣬¥֮ߣһǡ
Ӳл߾ͽҰԼķ
Ұһлߵķ䣬ȥʮֺĴܡ󿴿ҿʲôЩϡ档
Ұߵķ࣬еĶڵùǰϸĸ߶ȺʹСš
Ұ뵽ڸʱǿĿڲߣȷʵеǿ֢ϵġ
ҰЦЦ׼ȥùǽ𤹴ϵĴߣȰͷɡ
Ȼϴʱл߰ɢͷã󾱵ķλãٻմˮ
̷ֶãͷȻҲò˶೤ʱ䡣һͷˮڰʪδʪķ˿ô˯ȥĻڶܻܿͷۡ
ͷԼлߵߣƽ̵ıƿȻĴ棬ҰʾС
лֵⷬĶҰĪһԼǳ˿˽йȥĹ
Ȼôţȴ˳𴵷֮󣬺ߵлǰ
л̧̧ƤҰ֣ҡ
ҰûߣҰ㴵ͷ˵лһ˴ߡ
лüͷҰȻһ´棺
ҰЩ㵣£ڣ
лЩͷˣֱһգ֮䣬˾һֹѹҰĴϡ
ҰһͻȻͫ͵һ룬ǳһֱܣ˳ƾֱסлߵ
лߣ˿̣ϥȻ˫ȷֱҰȲࡣ
㡭
¡
лߴ˫ץҰļЩǿӲĽһѹ
ҰĺΪлߵһײʱӺ﷢һƺߡ
ΪʹΪл䵽ϵǷݹȴС
л߿ҰһĨСèƵǳǳȣţͶ
˵ô˯
л⻰Ұʼӿ죬ţڶлһ˫Ц˵һ֮󣬲֪ͻȻ뵽ʲôҰĶ˲
һ˫ѵЩŵʵھҪ𣿡
԰лߴһǳĹǷЩ۾Ȼ˵ֻѱ˯ȺͣšȻȥʱ򣬱ѵ¶Ⱦ͸ոպˡ
Ұůѣ
Ұͷһ˲䱻һͰˮ
һ˯ϧǿֻΪһůߣ
ҰʱЩЦá
ʱлΪǷŵĶ䵽ϵĴȻߵǰӵԴʼͷ
죬ҰĶĤԹҲЩ˵ġ
ҰԼΪлߵһЩǣͿʼ˼Դ֪ν˯ֹ֣סƫ
ҰҷʡţͻȻͣ
Ұһ٣л߿ľβл֣ġԾ˻ȥ˳㻹ȥ
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Ұߵůˣʵˡ
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ȻˣûӣҰƽǳĺ
ŽһľҰЩΣЩЦߵãϵðȴʲôҲİȻ˯
뵽⣬Ұ˯еꡣǱ˯ŵԵʣߵü֮˼ʱУЩŵ͡
˳ĽëȻĴ£ԹɵӣʵǺѲҰһ
ҰſûסĦлµžɵ롣һȥĦ֮䣬Ұл¿ʼһֱѹŵĳ|Ļ𣬾ЩƲסˡ
ɫ󣬴ĳֳͷԵģҰлβ·룬||
һɲǼ䣬˯елֻоһʪ⡣
ܿ죬Щʪȵĸоβ£Ļ򥣬
л߾ʶҪƿţ󹷵߿
󹷵
ҰĶȻһͣ
һ룬ԵлССıǼ⣬Ȼл̧֮ʱƾܵԼġ
ߣҰҰܵͣܳɳƣÿһӺﻺԡҵ֡š
֡Ұле
Ұļ΢
Ҳ˲䣬˯елֻòϵһź룬Ǳʲôҧһ¡΢΢Ĵʹвһ
лͬСèʱĵǳأҰЦһ漴ԼлߵָۣȻ˫סлߵ˫
Ҫַʽ﷢
ʱ±ڸǡ
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ҰھѪҺڷڣڿܡ
ֻ򵥵˫
뽫|̽ȥȻݺݾ|ȡлߴеĸ
ͷԺ֮󣬶ʱͬˮһ㳯Ϯӿ赲
Ұ˱ۡ
ʱ̽Եⶥл߱ŵ˫


58 
ɽϡ
ֵ, ǧկŮǻΧһ衣ҫĻǵϣճհ޲õЦ
һƬˬʻЦΨѣĺΧЦ롣
߮½μ, мŷþ̳ĳľ塣
߮Űɫֽ, ֽѾȵһ͸ҺƮɢŵľ㡣ⷺǳǳľˮ, ӳż߮üۡ
ֻҪһлڿҰ֮, ˦ϲõıҰӣӿһС
ؿںƱһʯͷļѹţ÷ƵܣźЩɬѡ
ʾ޷ѵƹ֮, ϵؽƤѪܣʳѪ⡣
߮˵ζǲǾǰõĿ, ּɬ, ⣬ŭΪ, ͣ͡Ҫ˶Ť
ֽֽ˽ۣȥײòӿ
ھһ׿һ࣬½ſǰԶ˼Զֵһ, ЩŻ
߿˫̥, ȻʵϲֻĿǰ, ûһĽࡣ
ʱ, ͻȻ˵һ䣺Ӧڸоϲ˰ɡ½׵һ仰, Χ֮ź
ֽ߮һ١
½ŻеȻû˵֣Ǿָ˭Ȼ֪
߮½ţĿ׶Ը˵ûҪ㡣ֻ䵭Ļһ䣬͵ֹⳡոտʼĽ
½ţȻ߮Į
߸׼ȷһ˵߮شҲҪ߮κλӦ
һͦϲġ½źһھƣͳżĪ
˵ǰлߵԸԸӴ֣ôڿлߵ֮ԸҲԵЩˡ
½ųǶлߵζģҲϲжǳϾÿ˶˻ܵ׷֮𲻹ֻǳ̶ǳ⡣
½ڸеʱͶעһлߣӴڵһǲֻ᲻һˡ
䣬û
˵ǿϧʲô½Ŷٸоһ˿Ȼ
ͬһʱ̣л߷ߡ
˵Ų֮ΣҰջûס|ⶥлߵ˫
ڴ֮ǰҰûӹǡ
Ȼεĳʵϣл߽еġܵĿҲֻǵ˫
ڽϣƺÿԼϲ֮˵ǰĿʹ֮£ʦͨı¡
˿ҰԼ|ⶥл˫|ܻ̽һַǳǿҵìܸУìԴǷСͿƵķ
Χеʱ򣬷·ȻʧˣֻҰദǿĵš
ΪԼ˳Ǳ룬ҰлߵĶ޼ĸɾָлߵĶһ
ǰҰҧл߶ʱ򣬴лߵķӦҰ͸оˣ׷ĵ㡣
ȻָǾɵĶĦ֮ʱΪ⣬ʶ΢˫Ҫܵߡ
ҲǳݵĻᣬҰ˳Ǳ˽ȥʼ|ĥɨ||Ѳ
Ṵлߵ࣬еİӿжôŨңɫ|˱ޱġ
ݼܰҰɳĮиɿõˣõο塣
Ұ֪ԼΪǿɳܵģǲԵģ̫ã̫á
ֻһǣһǾ͹ˡ
ҰԼ˵ţȻշ|ת|˱䣬ȴԽóһ㡣
˿̣Ұлϣл
̫ϲˡ
ϲļⶼЩֻۣһ仰͵졣
ֱлߵĺʼ˳֮Ұͣǡ
ټȥ;ֻôˡߵ˽⣬֪߻ǣ⵱֮һ|
Ҫһ⻹δȷĹϵԣԽˡ
С
ҰһķлߵäŮ°лߵķ۾ȴǹɷӦˡ
һϣл˵һΡ
ε˴󹷵εҰ
棬󹷵ҰԱ߿֣󹷵Ұ϶˲ʡ
󹷵ίܵߣҪο
л߻û󹷵ëҰͱ˴󹷵Ȼһѽ˵£ʼ|ͷʪĿˮմһ
ؿںƣҲȡ
׼ƿɴ󹷵ҰʱеĻͻȻˡ
ˡ
лۣĿľҰΪ΢΢š
л߷ԼҰڻУҰϴΧ
ֲôȡ
л̧ͷ˳ƣӹҰ򥣬ͣҰŵ۾ϡһ˲䣬лע⵽Ұ۽΢΢һ¡
װ˯
лü
ȾƺȵЩ֮࣬˼άڻУǺȾ֮ͶƬʡ
Ϸһϵ飬л΢һ£ȫˡҰؼңǸ걳ںҰůѵ£ǵú
лԭΪҲֻЩ
Ұװ˯ģ˯֮󣬿϶ַʲô߸׼ȷ˵϶Ұʲô
ȻҲʱΪʶ۾װ˯
ǵģ顣
лһ۾ܿҰʱװ˯Ϊ顣
л߲ԼǸΡ
Ұǳ˯ʱ͵
֮лٿҰװ˯ӣЩЦ˼ֶŪ˼л߽ҰǴ
оҰȻ壬лЦӴݼҲҰǡ
Ұĺ΢΢˶ܵѹΪıܷӦ
лβ΢˰ѻ⽫ַŵҰĺϡл׼ָĦҰĺʱҰЩܲסһץסлߵ
Ұۣлɫͫʣߣǹġ֪ʵװ˯Թⶺ
лҲϣ̹ȻЦȷʵǹġ˵꣬뵽ʲô˵Ҹոն룬㻹ǲۣҾȥëϻˡ
šͻΣлЦúϾżֵ٩
ҰȻ֪лЦɣҲ֪Ҳ߱췢һǵá
ߣҰЦ˵´ŵʱңһ㿴һƷ
лߴȤ֋۵ġ˵⻰л߿һʱ䣬ߵʮ֣ɫȫˣպⶼɣҲˡ
Ҫ½ȥҲҩ
ҰҲҪһ𡣡֮ǰ˵õġ
лЦǿһ顣ԼӦ£ôǡ
л׼ȥ緹ȳ˷֮ȥͷ½š
˵
лߺҰϴİϡ
˳͵ʱպ˾Ƕ棬ζĿǡ
лߵûպӰ졣
ͷŶü֮תһĨ⡣
ԵҰźĿֱ£Եþִ˲١
ˣҰĳͣǶ㣬ߵˣǵĳ
£ҰȻܲ⡣
ϸ˵ڻܽš
леĶҪʱڲĿˣҰ˯Сȵķ䣿
䣬Ұش˵˯һģ
ʵ⻰е֪ʵĳɷ档СȵķĲȻġ
ֻһŴûɳľֻһתΡΣȻҰһ
һҰֻ˯СȵĴϡ
뵽⣬΢΢ۣǴżѹȸеķһ⣬ôֱֱҰ
ҰҰ˿̾һ£׼ѵСѣ˶ͦű̬ɢ뵡
յߣصȷʵǺ˯һ𣬵ʲôҲûҰǿţԼ²õӡ
Ȼ͵ʲôģֻҪ֪ˡ
΢΢üһ˫лһЩƫǳĳֲɫӣܶҰģʲôҲûţ̲ĿǺеȻ෴
ҰЩȻѲɻҪ͵ߵ˵
ҲʱһЦ˳
һյļ򣺡ˣˣССܡ
üЦЦջߡ
ղٿҰҲһ
ͳ֮󣬰ײ͵ҰеϴĻ
տһ۳ҰϴıӰתл˵СȣҰô
ô
л룬Ļһ䣺žÿ춼ϲһ㡣
ԣһлߵգݵ˵ôģôģҺ綼֧֡
ֻҪСȿľͺˡ
ģҪ
лЦסյ˲䣺õİ㡣
һСȣأ
л˵õ㡣
类лݶˡ
ˣͻȻ뵽ʲôЩʵҼǵҪǼоȥҲҩҸԽѰĲҩԽǳڵվĵطһҪע⡣
лͷ֪ġ촩ҲķΣЩҲû
翴һۻڳҰҰһɣ
лҲųķһۣɫͫĹ󣺡ᡣ
ǾͺáǵҰҰ澭ģҲѧȭЩ൱ҰţҲܸһЩ

ʮ֮лߺҰһȥ˴͵ͷ
һͬſڵлߺҰ½ŵɫĪһԵлߺҰؿ˿ͣҰϣһֱл߼ң
ҰȫûʲôøС
ɽʱ˵ĸȥǼŮҲñȥ裬һͰ߿ˡ
ܿ죬ע⵽½űҰ˲⡣΢һ䣺˯߷ʲô𣿡
Щȣ˯һŴ
Ұãѵһ仹Ŵ
½ɫ΢һĨɷֱ
վҰԵлߣʱЩЦĿҰһֻۡᵽ˼ңҰȴֱӵ˾巿䡣
ͼ̫ˡ
ҰС˼Ҳᡣ
½ſлߣȽȥҰƬڵϵ㿪ˡ
лһ
ӵϵͼƬ½ҪҵĲҩߺʢеĻشݺơ
شݶָգڶݱֲ
֮ǰϸѯϣҰĻشݶˮɽֵط½Ż˵ҪҵֲҩȻǻشݣǺͻشݺơ
ҲʣˮɽǽҪѰҵĵص𣿡ǵĻҲڱװӦþߡ
Щطл߶ŵϵͼƬãҼֲҩھɽ
ɽҰһ£ǲǾɽɽǵɽɽоŸԶܿ⡣
л߿½ˣɽкܶҰ
˼Զ̿ˮϻ𣿡ȥҲҩģȥġ
Улʵʵ˵ǴģЩҰҲС͵ġ
ʱ󹷵Ҳ
󹷵һƬд󹷵ڣһ㶯ﲻ῿ϻڶӶȺǣģ㲻¡
лô˵˼ԶҲ

˼Զһʲô
ɽ࣬ӵ֡
лߵĿɨ½ˣ䲻ȵĸԲҪܣҡ
ʵϣʵǳ׵Ŀǣл߾½͸ôͷҵҩֱӴˡ
ʱ·ϵʱҲ÷ȥ˼Щˡ
ˣҪȥҩĻȣԱдоı棬Ҳֻ˸ˡ
ҰĻʹҪġ
ôһԱ֮л߶ҰϲԭеĻϣ˲ֶ˼֡
ְҪעһһ˵֮лܽ˵Ҷ˵ˣʲôҪĶ;װã緹ʮ׼ʱ
ɽﲢԶʮĻʮ־ܻ
˸óʱ䣬лߡҰ½Լ˼Զ˫̥һˣټһл߽űߵĴ󹷵ڡ
ԭļƻΪ峤ɣҲǸøһȥģΪ̫ľƣ賿ңű̧Ŵ˼ң
һ˿ߵɽɽʱл߸ҰԼ½ÿһ
ϣԷֹ濿
Ϊʲô˵ǺɫģҰǺɫģ˼Զе·һ£š
ɫȻҲǺɫǸԸÿҲʸС
ΪҰҵС飬ȻҪֿл˵Ȼ
˼ԶĬ
ôˣл߶Ұƫȫǲڵĳ̶ȡ
лߵĻشվһԵҰϻȻȴֿ˻ɫģ΢΢̡
ɫϲɫ
ʱǺ졣
͸ɫ
룬߸Ķ
һ£ߵĶƷ


59 
ʱ, Ȼȴˣ
ǰϿȥѵָΣأľɽ, ʹɽֳһīɫ
лһһƥǴ󹷵, ɽڳ, ᫵ɽ·
󹷵, ɽϤòУݵǰ棬ʱʱǰŰҰݣʱʱץһץ
л߶ԾɽҲϤ, ٶߣɽʱܱԭƻԼʮӡǿǵ½ź˫ֹ̥ʯɽ·л߻Ƿٶȡ
˽Сʱʱ, лߴ½ǵǵɽ
˼Զ۵, ܿȥĸɽ, ûס̾һ䣺һ˵һôţЩɫĺ
ȷʵΡ׳ͬĵͷ˺üš
ߣȵˮҰôЩɽˮ㲻Լĵɽóװˮı±, ˮĸ֮, ݵлǰ
лû, һ䣺㲻𣿡
ҰȻ˵ҵٺȡ
л, Ҳûٶ, ӹҰеˮͷ
źңлͣ˲ǣˮݸҰ
ҰӹˮʮȻĶ׼л߷źȹλãʼˮ
л߿һĻüҲû˵ʲô
Ұ꣬лߵߣǹ˹˵˾䣺ˮôоƽʱŸ𡣡
лЩЦã
ҰҡͷţǡšȥЧӦ
Ұ⻰˵꣬һֱû˵½ͻȻлߣɽɽľʲô壿
л߿Զľ˿˰ɣÿӦһԢ⡣ƩǮƣգҺͣЩ
лߴ¾˼ûнԢȫ˵ꡣ
ҰָָмǸߵǱʲôʮ㣬߳˽㡣
Ȼ˵Ǹ߶ȻζʲôǷһǰѾǺܾҺƻֺĹսˡ
л߿Ұָû̻شҰ⣬Ȥķʣ²¿
лô˵ԭֻһʵҰҲϸ۲һļⶥʮ
ۿûΧôƾɣÿһȽΧԲϻϵĺ˿
վλãһľ룬ܺõҰǿϼǵͺϲᡣ
ϲᡭ
Ұ˶˵֣Ե
л߿һۣЦ¶ˡ
Ұʤ׷ûн

лֿҰһۣ˵
Ұգۣ𣿡
лҪʲô
Ұ룬漴ĿתԵϵЩ˵͸ҵȥ
˵⻰л߻شҰֺܿ첹һ䣺Ҫһȥ
һȥԵһ
Ұ˼Զ
ͬл߱ףַʽԼİĽ֮飬һҪлһֿ⡣
лҰҪ˼̧ҰĿ⡣
ʱҰͫĵӳտڵǸƵ⣬һԵ財
ӣȫ
лǰڳҰദЩʱ⣬ЩҰĸʾʾ
գҰΪĳĬ𽥱ЩĿ£л߻һ֣á
л߱ͲԸȷԼҰϲѾԽԽ֮ûپܾ
лߵĻشҰЦԵùüۣһֲ̱á
ǷĿЯǧǺӣǵص㲻ʣǰסлߣȻ۾Ǽ⣬˫
󣬿ľ޴ĿϲҰֵֻĳл֣СĴָ˵
лЩֻ̧̿ӦҰɵĳŵСã
һԵ½ſ๴ָ΢ӣĵ׵ֲøͬϫӿϮʵûȨ
֮ķΧҲġ
ֻлߵĹͣò˶ãͻʧлߵļУΪصİ·ˡ
ôһ룬Щʰ
ʮ½ŵһ
ϰģһ˲뷨Ҳһ˼ڸڵС
л߶Ұ˵ȥҲҩ֮ҡ
ҰͷͳԵɤ͸ֹסϲãġ
˼Զһ䣺ǵʱ򲻸һɽ𣿡
л߲̲Ļصһô󹷵Ǵ·ġô˵ţһ۴󹷵
󹷵лߵĻһ㣬ſ캿ƺڻӦ
лô˵˼ԶҲûٶ˵
ɽȷʵǱɽףɽʱѾ߹ɽ·ҲǿϤ·Σ֪ЩطҪע塣վɽͷ룬ǵʱòСʱܻȥ
лɨ½ˣ߰ɣھʹȥҲҩ
Сʱ֮
лߵĴ£ҵĿҩ½ˣʼյգ¼ļ¼
һŪʱѾĵˡ
Ŵ󹷵뿪ʱ½Żͷһлߡ
лվҰԱߣݵӰ£ȾһǳĹΡ
ûдκΣֻжϵĺ챦ʯ׹ӰĿһĨ졣
ȻݺɫȴüֻȻɵұ޸Уɽĺ쾣ƯĿֱġ
½˵˿ĵһζɬƶ£ֻǿõȴòȻ
лرһԣֻһŨΡ޷ӵУ޷õֻܽļĳһΪһμ䣬Զ
վлֱߵҰо½⸴ǧߣӢͦü΢壬½ŵĿջ֮ǰȨһסлߵ֡
лߣҲӦҰʮָۡ
⣬½ЦЦѹס˺ӿЩɬУ˼Զ˫̥һ뿪ˡ
ǰ·Ĵ󹷵Ҳͷһۣǿлߣ񾯸Ұ
һһǣԸҲһˡ
Ұü̧лʮָյ֣Щڴ󹷵׺ݵҡô󹷵һɤӣŰݡ
Ұˣоݵķ󹷵·Իķио󹷵Ҹʱһܡ
ɼܾ͸ɼܰɡ
ѾӦ
ѾСʽγѡ
ôţҰǵĻɢ˼֡
Ұɵֵӣлʲô
Ұʵ˵˳
лβ΢ⲻǻû𡣡
ȻǻûȥѾ׿ڴӦˣ˹ҰлߵıǼһ£Ѿܷˣߡ


60 
ᷴڵġл, סҰĲȻ΢΢ڽţҰĶֻ˲˵ɫ, Ѿ㹻˲𡣡
Ұһ, 漴͵طӦ
ѽ
֪ɽԵ, ֪, ɫ˵ֻǡѡеĺɫδ̫ˡ
䣬ϴɵ̫, ĳһı֮ۡ
ôಽ
ߣҲŲס
뵽, Ұļ˲䱻һǿҵĹռ, ֻǻںһůӯţоδй
Ұûסһѽлڿձ, ĵıԭתȦͣ¡
лߵ˫ִҰļ򣬾ƽͷҰĶͷϣЩЦĶҰ˵Ȱҷ°ɣȥȥԵˣ
ޣԣҪȥԵӦ, Ұ̷л, ǣлߵ, Եȥ
˴Ŷʮ, Ե¡
лߴҰ, ʮԵ
¥ʱҰһҲûƽʱЩͰУһõ˱Сһü価ϲɫʮ˷ܶл˵ǹһ㡣
ҪĿλãһ۾ܱԼҲһ۾ܱ˿
һɽµʱҲܿˣǸʱ޷۾忴ȴܸܵλڡ
ҰӸߣһ¥׾ͽȥź·ĺڷڶҰǹĻҲԽԽá
ҰĴǣлߵҲȾҰҰһȻҰʱҰĴǡ
ҰҰֱӱסлߣʵֱۻסлߵĺлߵһֻѵˮǴǡ
Ҫлߴ|⹴|
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һΣҶ󵨣ЩԵѲлߴеÿһ䣬лߵ˱|ףɨлߴÿһ|صĸ
Ұǵ͵Ľ˸
лߣҲͬǲԸĽ˸
˵ң๴|
ǵĲϼ˵ĺҲԽԽȼ١
ֱл߾òˣȥָܻ֮ЩҰĶ
Ұлߵ˫ȴûɿ˫ۣǼôƽҵĺһ˫ղһŨڵлߣͫźʵİ뻶ϲ
Ϊǣлߵ˫Ⱦ糺ӨɫǻЯŸ¶Ρ
Ұſţ΢
촽ûлߵĴ꣬ͱлߵָסˣʱ䲻ˣǸɽˡ
лߵЩɳƣ֪ǲΪǵ̫ң˿öƽ˼뵽ҰĶĤһ˵ζ
ҰһðסлߵȻҧһлߵָ⣬ðƵͳһ֣á
ȻôظţлΪŵǶЩɢҵ죬ѩ׵Ĳ˳ɼ浭ɫѪܡ
û̲סʼĦ
ĦһлߵĺᣬֻлߺԱߵһ롣
ۿҰҪ֮ķΧ繵ķչлװһҰգ̫ȥǻᵣġ
лô˵ҰЩջ֡
ȥ·ϣҰٴǣлߵ֡
һ뵽ԼڵĹϵǵĻȾûн
л߿뵽ʲôЩζʵʲôʱʼϲҵģ
Ұû뵽л߻ͻȻ⣬˶٣ϸһ£˵Ǵѧ֮󣬿˵ʱʼ
лüϲ˵ӣЦЦ˵ڰʾʲô𣿡
ҰҡͷûУûС
˵һûиԴлһֱ֪ҰֺܺãʱǻԺúдһ¡
лߵ뷨ҰʱЩ΢дʲôģһҲߴܣȻϵֳ⡣
뵽⣬ҰͫһĨ˼ҲͻȻһ㱡졣
л΢΢ֱָۣƺʲôĶ
Ұɿһ£Щ˵ֻһ
Ұô˵лƯһ΢ЩϷʵ˵ҿոպŶӣô˵֡
Ұʶʵ֣
ֵǰ棬֣лͻȻŵʾҰѶչȻҰĶϻ˵֣|
л߹ϳҰľ˼
л⻰һ˵֮ҰĶ˲ͱˡȻոȷʵôģǱлôֱӾ͵˳Ұһʱ֮Ҳһֱ˼߾
Щ߾߾ʱҰҲɴ಻ˡϲߣ
ôһ֮Ұ״̬˲͵˹˺棬ʼлϲʲôζˡ
ߣζӦûϲɣ
лûлش𣬶бۣ˼ҰѾ˼𣿡
ҰҰ˿ѾԶԺͽл仰ˡ
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߼ϵ֮Ұ;ˡһ磬һҪȥС￴ûζûУȥϿ
ΣƱҪлߵϲù᳹ס
лһҰģͲµȻѾʼԲˡлʧЦٴһҰգ˼ѣԲ̫࣬ǲ
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С
ͣл߹ϱһͣƣסɵۡټôһص˵ȥᱻҰɵȾ
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ҪҾ𣿡
ֻǰ
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61 
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ÿÿ˵⻰ʱǺܻļᶨ, ҰһŨķ۰۸УǻҲһʪȵů⡣
ϣҰһʧˣ˷ܵġ
ٽҹ, ľ񶼻ܿ, ԺҪ顣
ƻҪȥСһ, ҪðһЩƷ, ȻҪҪĿǰҪǸ
Ұл࣬ںòתˣС˳, Щúúðס
½ʱͣˣҩЩҲҵˣӦò˶þͻ뿪Ծֻʣһ߮ˡ
߮Ļ, µ
Ŀǰ, Ұȥ߮ٽٽԼߵĹϵ, Ǳ˴˵ĸ顣
ҰȫͨˣֻҪ߶ԽԽϲģ⡣
һ֮ҰֹסһĨǳǳĻȡٳ˯ȴ޹֮, Ұɴֻ, 㿪ֻƬ, һһŵķ
, ˼ǵǧկķ羰, ʣµļȫлߵƬЩƬ󲿷󻭳лߣȻЧ߱ÿҲ֧Ұľο塣
ѾߵˣͲҪЩˣֻĸߵƬ
뵽⣬Ұˡ
Ҳ͵Ұһû˯š
ڶһ磬컹δҰվлߵļſڡ߸׼ȷ˵վлסǼ䷿¥¡
ߣߡҰ̧ͷѹŶ¥Ĵлߵ֡
˯елߣ¥ҰƶѣЩ΢ٿһ´ӴԼ۾Ȼ̵ĿĴ
ߣߡҰͳԵӴķ϶Ʈá
л񣬿һ۴ͷϵСӣʮ֡
Եġ
лЩˡ
һƿӣЬ򴰻·һ
Ұһֱ̧ͷлַ֮̽˵Ϻðҿšָָ¥Ĵš
ʱʵ磬Ұ뾪ˡ
л˵ͷ
֮Ұлߵķ䡣
Źϣлޱʱһ⣬̽Եʵߣǲе磿
л̧Ҳ˵ôҰ
ҰһºĪЩ顣
ʵҲôģǾǿƲסԼ
ʶʱѾжˡ
лָָͷСӣ㿴ڲż㣿
ǻûȫ˯ѵԵʣлߵƽǰãһ΢ƣЩ˵ð
ҰöҲʱע⵽лϵĴš
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¶ľǺͰĲָһ޹ɫС
ҰЩĶ˿ȣϽ˵תעҾ㡣
ô˵л̧̧ƤߵҰǰ
лߵͻȻսҰȻһ
лϸ۲һҰɫƬ֮󣬲˵˾䣺㲻һû˯ɣ
Ұһô֪ѿڶ
лָָҰ۾·ЩЦ˵Ȧˡ
ҰԼ۾·λãѵЩʣ𣿡źȦ̫أ᲻Ӱۣ᲻߾˧
л߼ҰһŵģûסЦ˳ġҰ۾ûкȦ
Ұһ
лЩĴһǷһͷȥһʵˣôʲô£
Ұʵصһȥʡ
šڻ̫ˡлЬ»ص˱˯һСʱ
˯緹ߵңʱոպá
Ұ˵ͷҾ㡣˵ţҲһתΡ
ûȥл߾˵㲻һû˯ǸϢã
Ұһµл˵仰ͼ̻˾䣺ܡ
䣬ҰʶԼ⻰صǲЩ̫ˡ
лƯһ΢һԼԱߵλã˯
Ұһٶ˯лߵԱߣЬϴһǳɣʮֵٶȿþһ㣬л߾ͻᷴһ
ߡҰ˯лߵԱߣֱȻĻлߵõ͵ͻĴɤлߵ֣ߣ㱻Ѻů͡
°Ϳлߵļ򴦣˵ƵлߵĲл߾Щ
лһҰգú˯
Ұлߵüģá仰Ұͱ۾
ҰԭΪԼ˯ţΪеĴ̫У඼ǵ˳ѪҺȫ֮ûӣҰϲ˯˹ȥ
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˯ʮҵʱл߾˹
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лҪתȥʱ䣬ȴڷʱ򣬱˯еҰøˡҲһɲǼ䣬лҰĳܹǣţ͸оʲôֵ
ͬΪˣлȻ֪ʲô
糿ʱҲȷʵ׳
ҰôţлߵĶ΢΢ȡǱҰֱŵҲ˲һЩ
лŴ̧̧֣׼ҰϵֱƿָŸոմҰֱ۴ƤҰ˹ߡ
ͳƣżָĻ֮С
лһʾҰȰֱջء
ҰʶԼлߡ
ĺһ£Ҫ˵ʲôҡ
лʱ䲻ʡ
Ұһջ֡
Ҳ֪лߵ˼ϾѾˣٹһ֋ͻ͡Ҫ淢˵ʲôҲý͡
뵽⣬Ұֻƽڴϣֱ̧ס۾ĵȴɷӦȥ
Ұƽ֮лҲ
ߵлߺҰ׼ʱ˷䡣
лǰ棬Ұں档
˸ûͺˡ
ǿһҰֿһлߺҰţ΢˯һģ
ˡ֣֡Ұ࣬Ͻ͵ǣҽġ
ûʲôҰŲһ䡣
Ȼ֮󣬾Ͳܱ֤ˡ
ЦˣýʲôҶǿСȵԸСͬ⣬Ȼ˵ʲô
ҲЦЦлߺҰ˵ȥͰɣֽӦԲ

ͣտлߣ˵£СȣһҺҪˣҰҪһ𣿡
л룬ûлش𣬶ǽתҰ
лߵߣҰصҶģͺáߵ͵
лԣͷǸһ𡣡
ҰûȥΧط棬ǿ˳糵
ҰȥΧľ档
ôţлҲֱЩ뷨˵˳
ҰһҲ֪ԲʲôҲû˼պ绹ڳֱӾסлߵ۾˵㲻£
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Ŷԣ飬ҰǱһЩ˵ߣ׸ҪʲộҪô
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ðɡҰЩʧ䡣ܿѾߵˣһҲһʱ
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л߼Ұ˼ģͽµ˸߰ˣȻȷʵͦϲǣҲʵû뵽Ұִš
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Ըɬһ㣬ǶҪҰִŸ㵽
олߵһֱԼϣҰ˶٣˾䣺ʲô
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ЦŸ͵˵öԡ֮վʹ˸񣺡ǾͲˡ
պ¥֮л߿һǽϵʱ䣬漴ҲλԽҰ˵߰ɣȥʡ
ǧһ޳У㣬ǧկȫĳС
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һƬ仰
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Ұͷ֮󣬺ö˶У԰̳ȥ򡣡
ǻҰȻѾڻˣǶѧУлص£֪ĺ
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Ұ뿪Ц˵ǲ֪ǧկȻʮָ
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Ұϣе˽ϵġ
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л˼˼룬Ӧá
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ҰлߵͷǹĻȶʱɢ˼֡лߵ۾ֳͫ︡һĨڴǵʱ򡭡ܸһȥҰ𣿡
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ҰԥĻصǰˡ
ĿлߵߣҪǿ㡣
л˼˰Σһ΢еĻش𣺡µȵD˵ɡ
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