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01 ϵĺˣ1
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ҲɳϣĿƳлζŸ߽űġܾȴȻʲôؼʣӰѣ
ǵأļӰѣֻҪܾͿඣҪʲôֵĽӴأо籾أиʶ籾ˡ
Ҳǣܿǿǡɽеĸ߽űϣֵ˵䣬ɿһ֪ҪͶһľԡ
˽⣬ļǮļӰѣΣ
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˦Ӽ͸ɣΪΪǮ
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䣬ӣ¹̾һȴתʱǡƳ˴ϵ
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Щ֣ڹǷָסӵһǣɫ˲佫Ҫ˭ôҪ
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ǵŶܣûпأϵͳٺٺٵЦȻ͵
ԭderȽվ籾Ұ̨ʶ㻭ˡһε̨ʱ׼Եܲã
ϵͳǳ˽ԼôõķɣÿһοԵܲŮ˵̨ʣԼܻ¶ɫ
֪Ľ۹⣬ԵһصѡһԵܲð ҵ磬ǳĵerǺǺǡ
ϵͳ֪ɵȻҲ֪ϵͳ
ȻھӣȴɳȶҵԿǣǲǲֹˮۣߵĻǲֱӰݸˡ
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ͣͣͣҾе㲻̫ԾⲻС˵·Żһ㼦Ƥ񣬼æϵͳĻ
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˵ѽô˵ˣء˷أأһѣҪһĹ£ԭǰô¡
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ҵ˵㰮˲ҡֻǸ˵ѾԼ⣬һؼҰɣҰ㡣˼ӵһ𡣡
ˣŰʵǲʲôë
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02 ϵĺˣ2
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ʲôʱ˵ҪˣҲͦɳȵġֲǲΡôȵǹɸղŸһ£ڵһȻȽѣҲǲУмƷ
ⲻǾҪ˵Ⱥò˾ͺò¡ϵͳķܵ޵ѽ
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籾ˡ
ƳһۣҲûעݣձƵ磬ǵҶʲôǡˣҲԼһȤûС˵ʱˣʲǫ̂ʣƤˡ
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ȺܴɵֱѸһĨɫ
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㡭𾪣ȻȴŭɶΪŭⶼȾһĨΣ촽΢ţ
˵գ㽫ƿɣղŻɺʲôһĵط

Ǻǣ˲ò࣬Ĳ˳ʺ
飡ɺıƿˣȻźЩ̯˴ϣӻζӵŨһЩ룬ɺԵĴǿʲô
ǡ鲻ôߵİ
ɴãĪǸղŲС˷ڣҪǰһºܷκ粻ܣǾҲ߰
֪Լϳ˲аɵĿɨ䣬Ļƿ֮ϣˣ
ȴ򿪴ͷһЩƼѹƷڡæóһ֧Ҫ
ڴһ˲䣬ͱſҧһ¡
ɶ̴ٵľһȻѹסһʱûзȻ͵ϮɹˡƼһߣȰԼȳ
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Ỻĺļ֣ԽҺ練Խ֡зϵҲԽ졣
磿磿磿
ȻԽԽ֣ǺЧˡ
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಻డ򣡶ôϸһȻ˦˦֣̾һɫĺ§Լ档
ķųһЩϢأ
ǱȵϢסʹĳϢɢĵط̽ȥֱʸɣͷȥ
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ҪǱѹסͺڵӣ˵СС֡
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˦˦֣Ȼ´Աߣƿͳŵķ˹ȥ
ƿķѣǻдƬڵϡ
ϵһȴĲرҲûܣĴš
ֹܼҸոմԺ˽˲һʲôҵŰϡ
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ȴײȻЩŵ˳һֵֻסǱҵһ
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03 ϵĺˣ3
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Ű˾ưǵıʵһξ룬ǾҲرԶ
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ԱߣʵʲôҪ𣿡
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ңûмǴĻһ23꣬ԭҲֻǺȾƶѣҶװ׵Ĳ
õԵΪֹһʳﶼûгԣ˵һϰߡ
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ɵȵеģû뵽жţˣȻ˹ڨϵͳаԵĿЦſ֡
˴ű¶Vεڿ˶꣬ɫ֯ͷҲȾɫױ߹ʱɶܹŵüԷ
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Ƚ˵ɺǸһ㣬̯˺omageǮôչ黹ǶȣǸзϡ
˵ˣûм⣬ţһ꣬ȻԱó߽űݸò׳Щʲô
ҲǡҴ绰һˡɵһƣǾҪõʱȴƱƵһߣһٺȡ
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04 ϵĺˣ4
Ǻ磬ſھͳѣڼң
绰Ǳߵβ֪ΪʲôһĪֱ֪ѣЦҿھưɡ
һҲûлԱҴԾ̾һ˵֪̫ˡ㣬ֲΡ
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㲻ùɼ޳ȥ˾ͺؼûʲôϵϵ磬绰ͷһϢ֮ȻЩ㿴ĺöӣ
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һüҵ˵绰ǹ˾ͺϼŵһεĺԲΪɳһ⡣
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06 ϵĺˣ6
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07 ϵĺˣ7
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08 ϵĺˣ8
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09 ϵĺˣ9
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10 ϵĺˣ10
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11 ϵĺˣ11
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㲻˵ΪҲġɸڳٵĺ棬Ȼ˳żҷɿܹȥalphaֵ쳣ԣ˵ٶȶ쳣Ŀ졣
ǣҲ˵ⱾӦþľ飬ֻǵ˾ǰ˶ѡ
ǳܹˣҲʧ
ˣ㣬ǵļءһƿţȻ󺰵
ãõģ١ҵһ̴򿪼أɼæǰȴһߵ˳ٵǰЩµ˵үҲأľǸղŸߵһλ
ˣǲø˵͸˵˵ľСЩͷĻ˻֡ĵЦһϲԡǼһӣǶalphaǲѧalphaСǱӻ첻ߣȴΪǸomegaܸĸ谮ڸĸһĲֵ
ҵˣһ۾ͿˣĳƳһۣˡͦӡ
Һһ𡣡ٸɵĺ棬˳ŶӦķ˹ȥһ߿š
ŨϢصζӷ֮Ʈɢ֮УƮϢؼɢû֮еľװáǳٻᵽϢصһ˲ֳЩ΢ʡ
ҽȥˡüalphaͬϢؾųҾЯϢػѹãλ׸ڵalphaǲܹȷؿסԼľġ
õģţȥǡ˵֮ת뿪
ɽŹţԡҴˮ׼ȷĳ߹ȥ
ţ㻹㻹ʶӦһˣ
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16 ϵĺˣ16
Ϣɢڷ֮УʼԷһalphaѹơǺԣûʲôôɱľһĵȼҲ˼£ԣЩϢضЩС
滩ˮһֱʣ϶һˮû͸ˮ棬һˣ˵ĵֱϴżۣ˿ڱˮˢţʺѪ顣Ѿ˺ˡ
̧ͷܵһalpha˫죬Ҫһalphaһս
ˮҲûע⵽˹ȥҪһĳܲߣȴоǰȻһӰһãһ

ʹصԡ֮С˲ɿ֣䣬䡣
žûסֱ۵֧ţصˤȥ
Ҳǹġ
ɼæǰֹصԡĿأȻ˫ŤͷãѪ˶ѡ
ֽһֻųļ򣬾ղһ⣬ȻָǡĿƵĿɵĲɵĶҩЧ˺ǡ
߳˷ţԭſڵĳ˲ϵϢѹֽɡɷųƾԼָУһ˲˳ֱ֮У˲佫ҩ˽ȥ
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ҩЧ˹ȥϵϢصζɢһɱһĴָڸզ죬һˡ
ҽԺɿһ³Щҵ̾һȥóһɾԡϣȻ󽫿ڴ֮еԿ׶٣һᣬɵĽ߰ɡ㿪
áĿбӵĴȻ˳ȥɽںϣټʻ˳ҽԺȥ
ȥҺţٴųȻ̫⣬˭򲻹ɡ
ˣǽˡһ߿ŻʿΣĳٵļ򣬡һΣҪллˣпԷ
УҾͲˡĺѵ˼ûУתͷʹӦ
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ʲôʱ̤ˣһ±ơ
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ι磿ֻҪȥȴסֻһС֣ʲôһܰıı
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֮ľٶȱܹĸܵԷĺ
ɡЩڵ૵ҪʲôȴԽĵе
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ȻѣۣĿ޳Ľë΢Ĳ
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ҪסǸ˵֣㷲ʱʱǸˣĳʵ䣬·˲УסǸ˵ļ򣬽档һֱΪԼĳǻᷢЩ档
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ѵϲּAOAAļѾ
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18 ϵĺˣ18
ɽҡҡͷҧȥᷢʲôҪ۱ıܻźѣƫƫ飬ıζ
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ҴӦһ㾡ᡭֻҪĵҪġת¥ִ¥ݵķʱŤͷŻ¥µĺ˵ǰǣ˼֮ġ
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20 ϵĺˣ20
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21 ϵĺˣ21
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22 ϵĺˣ22
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23 ϵĺˣ23Vʼ
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ǣɡȻһ˲š
лҲΪɿĻӦֲЦˣ˵ʵҽЩᡣϵͳҳƬˡ
ˣҽǮƣ־У֪ҪȵʲôǮҽҲǮƣʾԱ𣿡
лл׿ˮСҡͷֻҪȰ׿ˮ
õġԱĿһɣȻѸ뿪һ׿ˮ˹ˮð
ԣƺڵȶԷ硣
ҵĿģѾˡں⣬ȷʵվǮҽȿڣеĶϡ컹б飬ľʱ䣬Ƚһ⡣
ĴǣɽˮĶסߵЦ⣬ΪҪٵһʱأй˺ûй˵𣿷еʱȥ
ҪļԺܹ׼ȷĴ𰸡Ǯҽֻô˵ΪȻҲƹƵĻߣÿһ˵ĲԼвͬ˵ͬһַһ׹ܲá
ô㣿ɷˮӿǮҽҪ֪ĩˣҲҺԼʱ䡣
ҿʱ俴һ¾Ǯҽüɵ˼ֹһԼŻԼ𣿵ֹȻûкԼ˵һ
ԼԽӽ𣿡ɷʵ˵ĺǺһ
˵ô죿Ǯҽʵ˼Ҫһ𣿾˵ɷǳϲ磬ԲԸں粻֪ºԼЩֹ˵ġ
һԼȷʵǶԺȱȽϸȤһ棬ֹ˵˵ĸҲȽϸȤˡ
˵ΪɲŻġΪ˺Ĵҽ
뿴ʲôӵġ
ǡ
ǮҽȴоԼƭˣԼ˵úվʱɵûһ˿ľҡǳƽͺһǳͨ飬ֻҪǸҽܹһ
ⲻһ˵ı󣬶ֹ֮ʲôף׺֪
ҿúԼҵ㣬㲻͸¶ҵĴڣ𣿡סˮָڱãȻʣµˮһ
ôȷĻǮƿɣǲ̫ˣܹ˵һԼ˫ȼѰҽںеλöҪ
ҵȻСüʲôʱ˵ҪֱӸ˵ģһ˿ҽķֲֹ˵һ֡һַ׼ľǳΪٳɵڶַʽӡ
㲻ҪùƫֶΣԲ˲ġԻΥġǮҽšסüͷȻȰǧҪԻ͸ҡ
ʲôأһɻ
Ǯҽ֪ԼܿˣԼ۾˿һ飬ֻǵ֮ȷܹģôȻҲӦġ
˽˵Ľ飬ϲĻûҪΪ˵ģ֮ϵļʱҪֱһ㡣ǮҽǲԼΪֹһ±ƭˣԡܴһԾһԡ
ɲԵĿǮҽҽϲԲӣܹɴ˿̶Լļƻ˻ɡ
֮ڴˡǮҽһֱȻɵļһŭ䲻䲻ҵӡ
ĿǮҽ뿪֮ÿһ˹Һˣȥһ·¡
Һͱ˺һӣҲһ˺ܺõġ
ɿųų˳Ŀĵʻȥ
ʮӵʱ䣬͵˳ڵС֮С
˽룬ɴɨһۣȻȲϺμұС̻Լ񻹲
ظ磬ôͻȻҪԼסŶ˵ݣխĿռ֮вˣЩӵݵĻŹ档
˽¡ûйؽͣĿⶢű䶯ĺɫ֣˵ϼŵĵݺ΢һЩҲ֪ǲǴ
~˴м˳ӴĿһɲǣʱоԼ»˹
С͵ݲ̫ãؼ²۵ɹһ䣬Ǽţˣظ磬棬Խȥһ¿
̧һƺţ壬洫һ긾Ůǰű򿪡
Ÿһȥһ£û뵽һͨ绰ͻȻ˽ǳٵصĵ绰˹ҶϼһϢȥظ磬ˣ˸ҷϢ
áĵĵͷŷ䡣
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ϼţ
İ칫Уڰ칫ǰ棬ĿǰıʼǱԡ
ɴӷ֮󣬽ӵĵ绰ģԭźμұʻķΪϼš
¥֮ȴְ칫ҵžȻţŲ֮䷢΢졣
ߵſڵʱò׽˳߿ĺ磬ֻһ˲䣬Ǻ̾ջߡ
ϣϸë̺ϴǽ糿õзԡ֮С
ҹʲô𣿡ɿһ۰칫ǽϵĹӣʮˣ˵ʱѵӦæʱô翴ôС
ɽֽ֮ˮݸһƳ˵ĻϵĲŵƵȻܲ̽絽ʲôٿһ˵ʱ̲סע档
Զ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
ڽĵ顣
ҪѧϰĹ涨æǰ޵ˡ


ģ
һǰģ14£һ˳򣬲ӰĶԲûͷ
һ½β޸ˣСʹǿԻͷһ¡
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׿ˮллƽ̨λᣬһҪΪԼ壬ˮʱңһ̣


24 ϵĺˣ24
ոսӵʦϢ, ԶҪٿ߻ᣬûиҷ뺯Ҫ֪֪һ顣
罫ֽŵ, ǰˮһ, شɵ⣬ֻǲԼ
ʲôʱ򣿡˳ʵ
ǰҪϢˣǽļ߻ᡣֽʼǱһ, ɹۿ
һֳֻźεĿģһֻˮĿעǰĻǰ, Ҫӱסһ
, 鶼𣿡װһ䡣
, , ˡɿһۺ, ֺĿڿĻ, ûע, ֻһɡ
ƫƫ, ɻûʶκβԾĵط
ɽеıӷŵһߣ΢΢, ԭεִ粱ߵĿ϶ֹ, ҪƵĽ΢һ, ȴ̫Ծ
ֱ
ᴵһ±е, ˮȵ, Ҫƽ˵ϲһ¶, ǽȴ֪ô, ֻоЩ̡
ɿһۺĶĿԼеˮһЩ¶ȡ
ɹ˹˺һ룬񡭡ҲǺ̰ǡŤͷת磬ĿɨĴԼЩѬã
ǡomageʾģ
ɻû˵ſͻȻŵ
뿴ſڵķ
Ŀһ̧ԭŵ˲˻ȻЩӲ˽Ʈǲҿǰˡ
һ˵BOSSãǽл顣
ȴ̲ס
찡ΪʲôҪôãôԶǿĺԼBOSSô죬˵ĴЩʪ󣬶Ҹղ˵ơ
ǷǣɴӺסBOSSڿһ
òᱻڰɡᣬû̸
¶ɻĿô£
ˣʵΪϰбҪġ
ǣûУһԼ50ꡣֱһ͵ơ
ɿȴ̲סЦ˳û뵽ͦ˼ġ
Ϊʲô֮ǰʱֵôأĪǸźѧģ
翴һɣȻЩõĿûǽ糿ɱһ绰ߵ顣ο˻Ǹalpha
оЩĪĲˬһ͹ȥ׼š
ͷӦǣŵʱ˳㻹칫ҵŸȥ
ǿɵԵһҾͻҪǡӵʲô绰ĻżҲõҡ
ģ첻ʲô߰ĵ绰ģ϶ԸһؼҡɿźЩֹӣһԼȥҳˡ
Σһѵ飬ʷʷ
УȿԶֱӦñȽϿ졣ɵĻش֮ЩȻ
*
᳡
Ļ᳡֮УŮŮŹϴƣ˷߿̨ϵ٩٩̸˽ȴΧ˽н̸
ֱżȻеĻ֣һؼҴүģϾΪܲãֺÿǸAalpha˵С˵ˡҲǺܶomageĶ
˴Űɫĳȹ̨ٷһοףǽԶϳ򸾡
Զһɫװ첲طˣ˴Ҳ룬ò֡
ĻԶ̨ʱͻȻһŵĸδĶϱƵġ
ֱԶסͲվߵطһطԶסĸ첲һֻ֣ڰοԶ˼
ĸö
ĸʲô𣿡
һǧ˶Ӻ
ɵ͸ĻôԶıݣһЦǲȥԱϧˣֹصЩ赲ߵĵĻ
ҽһҪľеĹɷݵ1/2ҵĶΡΪҵĳӣһֱϼ2/3Ĺɷݽɡ
ֱԶĽͣεϣ佱һζô֮㽫Ͳת˸ոϲõΣʲôԿʼˡ
̨µļ߷׷ŵҪϢζϼŵĹɷתƣҪȨ˵Ľࡣ
οϼδķչģ
ȴоļһӾһȽϼ⡣
֪Ƿˣղ˵ϼŵ2/3عɷݶǹУ
̨֮һƬȻ
ǲǶСɸӵļ
Ϊʲôûгڽļ߻᣿
һȺĶԶǰ޲ҪͲԶıǼ棬ŵȸǣд顣
˵ɫ̫ÿҪԴǵľܾʱԶڴ֮еֻȴͻȻֻ쳣ԡһӼž
ԶڵóֻĻʾšɡ֡ԶĿ⳯ſڵķһۣȻһ׼ֻȴȻ˵
ղŲĵ绰ɡ
Զһ٣Աߵļֱĵ֡
ֱֱӽչڴǰ
ղҪҵĵ绰𣿡
Ϊʲôԭ첻ܰʱϯأ
˿һڵæʼάֻ᳡򣬡Ұһ£һһ˵
ǰļǸûֵ˵Ļһǻᳯǰ治ͣؼ
ЦڿǽҪһǴըʵţں˽ǵĶԼ𣿱ˣ
οһ˵ĸܹڵȥܻʧء
ѸٷԸ̾ټά
ڿЩʱĺˣһһŻͲ۾һգգʱű뿪ԶֻҪһ˵һȺ˵ֱͻǰļأȻ󽫻Ͳһȥ
ܻشһ˵绰ʲôҪأ
Զ̲סĥһº۾һߣĺĺļҹ˾Ա
һֻͨĻһĻ֪һҵļߡСỹͦçġ
ĿƵԼֻϣͨ档
Ҷһٴһȥ
ԶеĻȥ֮ӲĳżЦŽ͡
ҸղŲǲӣʵΪֹڳϣԼ˽¾ͲóռݹҰˡ
˭֪ǸСӺͺһѧʲô߽һǲǺ̵ģԶԽԽÿš
ɣԶӡͣѧ档
һ㿴ĺӣʮûʲôı仯ͽһ飬ʼѧ游ĸⲻǵ͵ϱһˣ
¶Щϧı顣ԶЩҲûм⣬ҪһֻĻ
һĿ֮£ԶǲҲýһͨ绰
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
䣬סλСʹһڡ


25 ϵĺˣ25
ûϵ, ܹΪһ׵飬ǲ˽¡һ, ۼ⿴Ժ, ƤҲ൱˵˳
ǰ˵ʲô顣Ҳ׷׸ļҲ˾ԶڵҲܹµõ²ô򵥣ҲŻˮ㸽͵
Զһ, ѽͨ˵绰
͸ĻԶЩõĽ绰ڶߣι, ֱǾʰ
ǻûеȵԶ˵, ˱⡣
Զ˾2/3Ĺɷʲô𣿡ִڷ, ϰ, ȴ, ĵɨĻӴ, һСߡ
, һ, ɷݿɲԶҵģҸĸҵŲ
Զֻ, ɵһ仰ȴͨıȽϽ˷ֱӴ˳ȥ
ղ˵ʲôһ㶣ըը˹
ҪûĻ, ղ˵, ĸĸĹɷݣԶģ
, ѵԶ߻ʱûк˵һһΪһ߻Ϊ, ɲԶĺ, Զĺأԭǰ
ɵڵ绰֮еǻȻ, ȴε˷ܡ
飬˼Ȼ˷һᰡϾԶòٿļ߻ᣬһԳôļߣúһоԲԭ
ǲ˼ˣҸĸл֪ͨΪһξЭӣϾ˺üˡЩ²۵ĻһԼˡ˵⣬ġοҲ˵ģЩǡǡǡˡ
ܹһص𣿡Ҳ˲ֻԶˣһЩؼ߾̾ѾҪʼˡ
ɿǰҵҳ棬ֻҪԶһ鷳Լȥһ顣Ͼ˵Ľǲ˽Ŀš
ֱֽҳصص֮󣬱ǵԵ棬ɫıǴڵͼϵͳԴԭʼ
ԱһеļУ滹֡ǡ ļ
Ǻûᣬ㰡ûʲôҪļ
һƱǾܹ뿪ˣϵͳһֱСݣò׽챻ųû뵽һһֺ¡
ַϣƶ껺ؽ굲ļϡǳɫļڹȥһ˲һɫĿӡ
ƿˣУǷҿù񡣡ҡҡͷ
ȻӦֹҪصϣһϣҲû뵽ôͻȻ⧲İڷԼǰһ׼ûС
㿪أǶ˺þˣʱޣʱ겻ʱͰװ˷ˣ
ӰѰ㲻һͱĲҪӰ˰ɡ
ɵһ촩ֵļӰѺĶĹʣֻҪһƱܹˣˣӴ˵һ㣬ҲþҵҵĺǶǶ£塣
Ϊ˼Ӱѡɻ³һٴ˹ȥʳָҪȴжȣԺ֮ȴɵøֺӰ񡭡Ҳ
Ӱѡ
ϵͳһѵ
һʳָ۶꣬浯һڣԱ롣һֵʱĪһû׳ļ롣һλ˷˰ɡ
¡ϵͳ浯һϵеЩʧ䣬
ԭҲ϶֪룬Ȼܹɹ˵Ǻա
գĬĬ߶һ£ͳֻ˷İٿƣȷʵգô
ɽʹȥȻԡ
ǹգǲũգϵͳźһնϲũաȻ֪ԭһ޷
漰߾ģҲûа취ֱӵĵԣҪȻôô鷳
ϵͳһ趨治ϵͳĬĬ²۵
ͳֻ׵ؾͲһӣɾ϶ũգϾʵ̫ױ˲³ˡʹԼκε롣
ȥɻʾ
Ҿ˵ɣ绹Լյ룬Ȼļ֪ܲ߶ٴˡ
ȴǡҪҪһԭաϵͳغ̨һ¼¼һأ
ӳأЦһϵͳݴˣûԭʲô
¡ϵͳߴţһأһֲ鷳
ԭܹ⿪룬Ϊ˵ԭһΡǾʲôȴûдں֮ȴд˺ֺĵ뾹Ȼǳա
һΡָһһȻֽԭȥԭʱһü
ԭͬһհ
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ļУˡ
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ԭհǡΪʲô
סֲһ£ЩĵĽļҲȫһȥãȫļжܹ򿪵ġ
֪ʲô˼Щûд򿪵ļ˺Լգһȴ˳Ľļдˡ
ϵͳҲû˵ֻЩԵĿɵĶ
һЩһһһȥļԡλεڴۡ
еģԭΪļǼԺ󴴽ġ
ֻ۽꣬Ҳ֪Ӧÿ޻ǸЦ
ϸϸĿһڣȷȷʵʵڡǡ˼֮󣬲ԭͺ磬һεļʱ
һ¾飬콻ֹһˣϵͳ벻һЩ飬ֻ֪ԼĻѾˣѾõһƤڿˡ
е淭һ£ÿһļƶ쳣ϸ
ҵˡɸսֻϵԣļ͸Լֻ㶨
һһĽļйصڸԹػʱ򣬻ǽļµ򡣰޸ĵʱ˳
ǶһٰⲻߺļϵͳűʼǱɫĻϨ
ûӰ첻ˣ̯֣ǹģôأѲϵͳܳɣ
ǡҪǲԭľ鷢չĻǻİ˵ȷʵû⣬Ϳˡ
籾ǲȱģܻ⣬ǲЩĲٳÿһĶԡʲôõĵġϵͳǡһıҲʲô׵顣
ˣ̸ЩʲôȽһ顣뿪칫ǰһߵɳϣ򿪸ղŴļ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
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ɣЦ


26 ϵĺˣ26
, 㲻Ҫݰɡϵͳؽļ棬Ȼʼ༭Ԥ۸˺ܶ, ֱӷȥٷֵ㡣
, ݲ̫ˣֹӦòŵġ
ͲΪŵģܹһǼٵģòġҪֲ, ҲԼ⡣ɽеľӵһҳһֱҵһҳĶһ֮İť
ɣմſڽʱͿ쳣ؿеĶ̲סš
㿪ô죿ɽֻ˲, ЩһԼıǼ, üһ, ҿղŽļˡҲҿûʲôӱ󿴱ʲôϰ, ҪȻݵı¶, ʱ򲻹м춼˵ġ
쵢һʱ, õˡ׼ؼҳԷڹ˾棿ߵ˰칫ǰ, ִ򿪵, ʵ
ؼҰɣҲûʲôɿĶһ˲￩һֱ, ϣָҪ㶯ļϣ罫һ׾ٵĽҹȥ, Ҳᡣ
Щì̲ܵסעźĶ, ǺڿĻʱҲֻ΢һ, ʲôû˵, ȴɻشʱ˵ͷ
, Щشһļʼճ˫ֳڰ칫, Ŀ⸴ӵĿź磺ûзļʲôԾĵطƩͼ˳ǲһһⶼһµ𣿻Ǹûзְ
лл罫ĿӵԵĻƿ̧öԵͷԼĺ磬Цٴεͷȴ뵽ʲôҪȥԷɣ˾ԱһҲĶǿԡǱȲϰ̵ա
ãðһʱ֮ûзӦ˭ҪԷɣǵһԷ
СҲûƴǶĴӦһ飬˭ͶһġǶһ˲
ĬĬؽǱҪ˵ĻȥţţҪȥһٷ˵Ǹ֣
ֱɺͺڲ棬ŷԱϲˣΪʲôͻȻһչ׼úģɴӺͺļȥˡ
ʲôԸͳԷһأ
һֻŵ棬Լ֮еţгС飬Ȼݵ˺ǰ
ո͵һ١˲оԼΪЩף׼ջǲȴ˹ȥһֻŶ˳㽫ԼĲ̵˹
һʱԣôˣʲôʱԷˣȻжҲֻĵһ䣬ȴϹ
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ĩߴһⱻĺصƽڵסʣӽֱߵľͷؽ䡣
ɽͣڿȹݵǰԭ׼ȴһȥ˾ģ˵ǱƵˣҲûһֱһ顣
³תϳţɫܳſ磬īϴŵ滹һЩƷҪ׼Ϲ˵۾
Ϊʲô벻ôͻȻһţ༰͡
㶮ʲôҪսʤˡ»ǵúֹһ۾ҲǺõġܵһֹϾ鲻ȫһռ
ľͺáϵͳޱһͷߵı
ˣһ㣬֣ˣɻ˻ŵĴӡļ㿪ĵ飬ӰѾ˲𣿡
ȷʵϵͳһ仰ʾͬ⣬ԭЩϰķҲȻñ˳࣬ԼȻٷ磬ʲô·ÿ
ɰԤȶõλãֱߵ˶Ӧİ棬ֹѾԱʱתͷſڣһȣ
׼ɴкڿɵװʱȴȻеĿǺڡ
ȿȿȣֹЩ̫ȷʵĪѾʹˣѾʼ˥ˣ֮еɲӦӵİǡֹϸ֮ǰɣ֮ǰһֱӵġ
һοɵʱǻˣӦòɣǸֵˣӦò˥˵ôɡ
ңôܾȵӣǲӭ𣿡ɽŵļַŵ棬Ŀ⿴ֹЦʵ
УֹĿһӷļ棬һ飬Ȼļ渲һĥɰ͸ϷƤȴɼļӴְֺڷм䣬ĵȷȷдŵһξ⡣
û뵽Ŀɵǿ죬Ҫǰ»ͷһˡ
ֹȻô˵ĿȴھϣҪ
ּһ˲䣬ͻȻһֻ֣ؽѹϡ
һֵֻ˺ȻɣɵѹļЦеĿֹԼļֹĶ棬һûһķž飺ҪļѾˣôҪأ֪ʲôʱܹ
ҲͲȦˣҶǴˣҵȿһ²ܹȷһǲҪľ顣ֹ˻ȥȴشɵ⣬ֻԼҪ
㿴ɵһ٣ļϣƽļƸֹǾֵֹһɲǣȴѸٵĽļ˻
Ȼ˾ʲôĶҲǸɵӣҲǳĲϲ˽ҵһɵŶȣԱһƷ
õġǡԱҪͣǾͱɴˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôֻҪģһ׿ˮҲ⡣ɻһ֣ԱʶȤ뿪ᡣ
ʲô˼ֹƤЦⲻЦĿɣϾа̺룬ֱЩˡ
Ȼƽʱɵģǰұϻһعˣ˵һֽǮһֽһֻļһֵֻ˵ǰӡ
աʳָָн棬һһ£ȴЩȸС
һʱ䣬ˣû˵쳣ĳĬ֮֮汻ļǵ
ɷǳƽȣûмӿ죬ڱЩ

Ҫعô֪ҵľҪĶأֹȻ˫ֳ棬Щҧгݵʵ
ǲҵˣҵֻǽļ㣬ŻǲţԼ顣Ȼջֻ֣Щ޹Ľ͵Ͼ̸ҲûʲôҪ˵㣬õļɡ
Ϊɽļһ֣ļ򿪣עŵһξ۸񣬵סļȴǡõĽһָסˡ
ֹĿļԼǰϣҲûؿһؼ֡
лҪ˵
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27 ϵĺˣ27
ֹֻ߬, ֱ˳쳣ԡ
ΪԼţΪԼ磬ΪԼܹӺõľļ, ٻΪ, þԼõľҲһܹ
ˣ㵽Ҫʲôֹһ˲ЩͲס࣬˵֮ȴԼ·Լλ, ڼŭң
û˼ʼ磬صԼλ, ǾӦûһʱ䲻ҪһʱǮҽԼŶӿʼΪ񡣡
, ô, ֪𣿡ֹΪܹʲôûҪ޶һëҪ, Ǹ˰, Ȼ
Ҳں˵ʵ, Ͳں֪߲֪, , ϣһֱҪ֪źá
˽ҪǺ֪, ľΪ˸ȣ¾㷢ԺҪҲ᲻ĵİɡֹ֪ػǲأ
, ǲǹܵеడõľǹں, ǵͺĹϵǱһϵһʱ
ð, ҵĴ, ˵ҲǶԵ, Ӧøл, ֹЦŵһֻϺ꣬Ϊ˵˵ʹŶ⡣
治֪ΪʲôΪͷģˮƽһϵİɡ
ҽϵʽ㣬һ֮ڽͬңȻӦ÷ǳȤ֪˾ĻѾй¶ˡֹԥͬʱ䣬ͬʱɡ
ġɰ˰֣źͬת뿪ߵſڵĵȴǶԷԱˣһλҸģʲôС
õģߣӭ´ι١ԱسɵĿ뿪ԺŽ˰֮С
ɵûпѹסֹǹġ߻ǿһǮ
ֹҲΪЩȥɾǸܹһ
ߵĸĻֹһ߽һʵ
ڶ棬Ȼ·ҹյλãһһǳܻӭ
ллֹ֮͸һ绰
뿪ȹ֮˳ȥһķ⼸췿Ѿ½ĽӸʰˣɾͿֱסһµķġʵһһܹס೤ʱ䡣
ǵصҵʱȴֲȻվ棬Щǳ
٣˰ֲ֮һľ񣬵⿴ŵһĻ̾һ
˭Ļô˳ֲĿ⿴˹ȥʹ˵ط𣿵һĺõ忴εģҲ֪ܲõ廨ȡ
⡭үϲõ壿ֲɵĻ֮æõÿõĴҲǺʹġ
ʲôʱ˵ϲõˣɴõ廨ƿĿ⣬Ǿõ峤ûͦÿɫҲȽϵĴҲ֪ܲݲˮݳĲˮǸʲôζ
ת߹ȥȴָָſڵһûϵʽܸܲͻȥ˵˼ҵҪżˡһһ׮飬Ϊⵢ˼Сµ
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ǲ£ֲԭҪõ廨õԶһ㣬Ȼ󶪵ʡһȻ˿ˣȴû뵽ڳȥ·ĺ硣
үôͻˣֲĳʻĳֲǰͣ䡣
ֲǡ翴ֲбŵһõ廨̲סʵ˭͵ģ͸ɵģϾûͻģǮĵС
ŶӦʹġֲεЦһ£ǲûֱ˵
ʱӵĵһӦʹģõ廨һſƬȻƬĿյģȴ͸үġ
ǻǸ˼͹ȥɡһµ˼ҵ顣
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ǺμұﻹܹʹôһζûмܼҲ֪һһġ
ҡǵõʱʱ򣬻᳡̵ǰõ壬ȴмһˣϲĴǺõ壬ƻ
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ҪźãϵʱԽżľͲǡߵ̨ڵĹ쳣¿͸оЩġɻؿ˴ӱǰԺӿĳ
ôô磿ԭ׿ϵֻطҪˣЩҲӦճˡ
վڴ̨ԱߣŹܼҽõ廨˳ȥڵĳӻųķʻȥãֱԺһҲûУֻԺûݲڷ»ҡš
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٣ôȥﰡֲոմõ廨ȴɿһЩɧĺɫܳٴγš
ֲϲһԷˡʻĳؽɼ򵥵Ļشһ䣬Ȼﳤȥ
ʲôʦǸ׼ţͿվſڣȻ＾ǣô䣿
ˣĵ²ۣϽµٶʵ̫ˣֹʱûô䣬Ȼǳ΢ܹůһɱȴ˫ֱأųޱһ顣
ʦһ±ƣʲôʱҲҪʦˣĹɷݵ鲻ǶѾˣѲԶҪ˾ɷûӦð
ҽȥ𣿡ں֮бɪɪѵӦûع˾һһůůΪʲôҪ̸鰡
õģʦƿţȻɴǰ̨ߵԼİ칫ſڡ
лҪ˵
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ҲǷǳŬһ


28 ϵĺˣ28V
½, 񷣬ɫϡĵ׺档ɳʱѾ׵׵ĺˡ·µˮݣ쳣ۡ
ɵüͷʼû, 쳣Ľʦͳ, Ȼص˰칫¥ĵơ
ƻؼеˣλֵˡ
ʦ̾һǻ̲סЩĵĿɡ
һǾίʵЩ嶯, Իȥ֮ͺúõ̸һ̸֮ûʲôܹìܵġҡҾǵĹϵҲûеһֵزʦǰһԲɣ̲סȰ
ɴڳŵһ, ʦûлͷ, ֻòصһл, Ȼųֱ뿪, 뵽й·ĴϢĳ֮С
·, ƹͣ, һһεɵ, Ҳֻת˲ɺڰ
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ưôֵ࣬Ÿ־ζ
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һжһȦ, ￪ʼҲӦô
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ȴ˻һʼǼҶڣĪģͻȻģġ
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ͣͦɵġ
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ǡɻû˵ǳٻеЦһ˵٣ʲôݹأֿסٵ֣ȻԼĻһԼ·Ȼߵɵߡ
٣ǵҰɣһμίʵЩˣǿʶһΣûֻ֣Ƕϵһƣʾ⡣
ɻȣ˵ʺȫһˡҲԣʱǺͳ̸ʱ֣ĵӾͦģǲװˣŷˣ
ϲһתԱߣ˼ҵ黹ǲҪ͵ĺáֿԼǰ㣬̲סҪһš
ٵɫ̫ãǺû˭ֻĬĬԼһֹġ
ߵ̨룬ҧгݵÿһڨ˵ȱ㣬ɿûʲôҲܹҳһѵë
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˼ҵĳȥ䣬˵ĻȥֱȨ
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ҵɾͽֻɶѣûκεݣȫ˵Լġ
Ӵ⻹˵ûìأ
˴ԼߵԹӣʾһһĸԼơ
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ȵѾΧ˵ʲôͷģ˫ֳоת
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ϵͳݿˣϲһˡ
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ЩalphaһӣһalphaԼˬ˵ڲȱǮ
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29 ϵĺˣ29
ԭƵվıҡҡλ, һ˵˺ĻУѹ˺ϡϤסЩ, æƿԼ֡
Ȳ, ѹš
ɣϸ˭ɸоԼһ˫סĿⱻȿǰˡ
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бһɣһɱҧĵطɵָȻĶһ£ɫЩ졣
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Ҫҧһ𣿡ɵ˳㽫һֻȥҧһΣҾͲᱻƭˡ
ǡôߡסɵһָֻ֣ɵĹһ£ԭѹŵЩ˼˲䱻ϲڸס
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ܳæ˻֡
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ŷĽĶǣѾװˣԱҲǰæ͹ȥӡĵľֹĹ˾ڵĵַ
ɽЩԺ󣬻صͽԼؽԼķ棬ʰԭ·Щ࣬ĶûôУپǳĸֳԺҪ˵ݰˡ
ʰ䣬ΨһһΣں粻ڵʱֱ߽˺鷿Эںİ칫ϣԿʲôҲ档
䣬һ·ͨ뿪ؼҵıֲϢû˻ֲᷢԾĵطȻס
ڳ⳵ϸ緢һʱϢһϢ°Ļڻصҵһɲյ
ҲԽĺ˵һ벻ľϲҲԼ档
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㣬ӷϴ²ţɰᵽĸڣԺ˵˻ܹһϰʲôġ
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Ȼ̲סΪһĴɡ
ظ磬Ұ㡣ǰ־Ҫɵóһӣȴɱܿˡ
ԼСûдӦԼǰ棬˵ݵİť
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ɫЩޡϲɫȴǸоЩġ
һֱСķϣһƬꡣ
Щõȫ
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˵ǵһ͵ģ·ϿͦƯľˣ
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ǶϢͷʲô˻ᷢϢ𣿳ǷѻǹεϢ͡
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˵̹֮Ҷ˵绰Լڼ˵ȥ̲סڡ̲סߺڿЦûвҪһ˼
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סֻЩȣԺ֮еһǺȻƿˡе㡭ϲ磿
ϲһСˡ
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˾ôģҲӦô
ɣ㡭ǿЦģ𣿡ҪʣϢʲô˼˵ڵȴǴЩʡ
֪ҶСˣû˻Цġֻû粻ԸŰˡ
Ҳ鿪ЦģЭѾˣֻҪǩ֣֮ûκιϵˡɶһ£ּһ䣬ҲϣĲ𣿡
ɵȴƲסСѸ˳ȥڳŵһ˲ײ˳ײ˶Էı˼æǸҪҪŵݵķܹȥ
ظ磬ҪȥﰡַԼıָвλûײѪôʹʵ
ȥҡԵĻشҪȥҺ磬Ŀڴʱͷһɻ˲䱻ˡ
ǹһ
ϢѹЩڲʶѾͺĽעˡֻҪ뿪ܹĳΪԭǣӦеĽ֡
籾ͲӦúԼһԼͻȻش˱켣ԡԼӦ뿪ġûȥҺ磬
ɵַǽһһֲؿڣЩɵЩܡ
ɷסǽڵһɣоЩԭЩҰʼģΧĵľģ˽ޣԭɫҪںϵһ
֮ɫͺɫ
ڻ赹ʱԼ֮ڽԼ
ظ磿û°ɣǲﲻһ߻Ҫɺ䣬ǺȻɵɫףץؿڡ
ǰĳץۺֱۣԭߴ
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Щصڵס⣬ġ紵žžڴϣɹ£һѵĺۼ
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´ΧĶֻڷڴͷϣɰֻֻֻһ£΢Ļһιػ
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ӣʲôʲôɽֻϣڴߣڵϲЬ
ϵͳԭ˻ȥ
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ʲôʱ쵽ˣģôɴЬ򷿼ţϡϡмˡӦû糿
ԭĲģվ˵ԭҲߵһӾͽˣϾڿһܹ˵ġ
ô죿ɾȣǾڻûгҲֹ֪ûУԭô磿
Ҳǻ̾꣬Ϊ쵽˶ѡϵͳΣ˭Ų齻ֹϵڡ
ظ磿ˣ
ɸҪһϵͳʲôʱǾͱͻˡ
ѣǶлˡɼǵõҲǳԼߣֱoverˡȻʣµľ㶼Ѿźˣǻһ顣ûҪֱˣԺ
ʲôظ硣ˮϣЩ˼˵ǺȻʲôЩѵ˵
һ仰ҪġһǾ˵
ҽʱ˵㡭Ǹ󲡣һ´ǣûֱӽ˵Ϊ֪
أвϵͳææĸԼҩˮٺ٣˵Լ硣
ָһüģʲô˵𣿡
ಡĿ˩ɵϡ
ɵ϶һ˿˿û뵽ظôöһˣȻֻܰĲ治Ҫɱ˵ظ绹һalphaҪǡʱȻǿǣ
ɲ֪ôģֻǵΪֻǱֳĶĹĶѡ
ˣ֪ʲôĿǺϼŲμӵġʵӦ˽һЩ
񡭡ֻһɣ˵Ƕں졣˵ϼŵʱɵ۾ӵĸӣԭ뿪ΪԼزǵӾݵһ
ԼһĬĬ뿪öԷ֪Ȼӣ׷ǲѷɣŰŰ㣬ڽ˲Ҹһ
ָסԼӣ۽ǲ˲Ƕô˵İ°Ȼôһϲظ磬ظ֮бҪظͺҸһ
ˣظ磬һҪҪԺ˵ʾʵһֱԣǲǻᵣİ
ᵣ
ɺȻ뵽һ⣬Ҫ֪ԼಡĻ᲻һԼȥԵʱ䣬ͺֻһûмѣȴ˺þõӡ
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ɵָĲλˣǻ̡
ҪһǿӲ
֪ͷ뵽ˣظ϶ԼߺģǡܹԼ°
ԼҪΪһ
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ѹ֮óæ˳ԺҪɾ죬ǼܲסִҪ˾һصɵĵķڡ
ظ磬ʲôֱӸҴ绰㲻ʱ򡣡ߵʱ
лɵͷ
ɻصԼֻϳ֮δϢδӵ绰󲿷Դں磬ʣµһЩǳٷġ
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Ǻ緢ļʮϢҵ绰һÿһʱͻһϢ
򴽣ֽϢ㿪
ӵһʼһÿһǺ͵źš
ƫƫڵɸܸκλӦ
ɣǼһ棬𣿡µϢʱѹһСʱ֮ǰ
ָڼϣַɾֻһ֡
ɹصֻչ黹һ˽ˡ֮ҪܹĻҪԼһᣬҲϣͺٴθһᡣ
ϼţ
˾Ա㷲ԭЩõҲĬ˾֮еһֵѹ
ǰ̨С㣬ſڼҴҵ߹ʲôת˵ݣɫһࡣ
ǹ˾ʲô𣿡ǰ̨Сڼ˵СȺʵоBOSSһֱãҶ챻ˣ
үҲˣҪүڵǼ죬ϰҲûôð
ɱˣ˵ֻ˵ǹ˾ľ飬֮ǰһֱ׼Ǹϱй¶ˣǸүء
ɡ
ôᣬصϸ룬ϰȻǮүҲȱǮϰһԲϾͷӣΪǮܣү϶ܲˡϿϰүмӵģǱ˭֪
֪ڼôҡһ˵ϰȾΪүŻġ
ƷƷϸϸƷƷ
Ʒ鲻ͣүϰͷһ𣬿ܾΪ˺ϰԣ
ǰ̨С죬ǸĴϰ
ڰ칫棬ü壬۾Щ죬Ѫ˿۾ڡѾüû˯Сʱľˡ
ס棬ָһüġֻҪһۣԺ֮ȫЭӡֺģ˵һϲ㡣
ÿһΣε綼ͻȻѣͼԱߵ˵¶ȡÿһΣĵطȫһƬ
Χʱ޿̵ĲڸĲҪ
ǺһԸţҲΪʲôǰһֿһСᶼҪסֵˣ뿪ôɴࡣǻȵɵ⣬˾ȴִһԡ
ôˣ̧Щͷʵ
BOSS˾ϢѾˡ
ҥȿʼĴǴһСĵĿУ˵һλһݼ˳Ϳݵʱ򽫡ɺͺͷ͵˹˾һ鴫˳ȥ
˵һλ𣿡ʵҪ˭ɵġ
ǣүͼƬ͵˺ǰȻ˴ſֻ֣Ҫ˲飬ܹ
ɣӹϢ
ȷȷʵʵɵӡΪʲôô
罫ƬϣȻ뵽汻ļ췴ӦЩֵɡ
һʹ˼
ȻһЩ顣
ҪͨЩԼʧΪʲô
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򵥵һ֡
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ɸ緢Ϣ֮һͺһֱѹŵʲôõͷŵĻᡣ
ɸԼһˮĹ򣬾Ϳ˺紫Ļظϡ
ɿһֻʱ䣬ô
ǺЩġһ׼ʱ䡣
ϸһ˼ܹ֮˵Щʲô벻˼Ρ
ɾţǻûȵˮȫꡣϵͳЩ
ˣɣɣ
ϵͳҪ˵ʲôȴֻһЩζ
ˣһ㶣СѾ͵ֹˡɸҪһԼж೤ͣʱ䡣
ǻûеȵڣ˲оؿٴδɵĸоһδĻϢС
飬飡
ΧһǺȻεһֻڶߡĸоԼֿʼ
žˮɵ䣬ˤ䵽ϡƬķѡ
ٶûʶ
ûļٴοһۺ硣
ҰϵͳԼȻܹ˵ˣ˲ÿռĳ죬Ҳ˲ÿռֵΥ־䣬һһĽɡ
Ѱ
ϵͳ޲Լʵ壬ܹɵʶ֮ȥһۡںʲôˡ
ռľ죬ĪĺһһεΥ档
001ϵͳ棬ذͣʱһ졣
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ĿȹŻƵĵƣųɫһܰĸо
ʱʱĿűʱѾԼõĳһСʱ
ǰɿտյûκӰ
ֻҪɷϢԥһǷ
Ѿ·ˣ߷壬ٶ³Ҳ˵
ɵԸ񣬻˫ס̣Ŀǰĺƣ
µѾ˾Ųʮˡ
ȷȷʵʵڳУͣڿȹݵſڴס̵Ĳ
ɾ͸ؿڴߵĺ硣ѹʱѾԼʱˡ
Ϊ뿪û뵽ɵɵĵ·Ҳûжഩ㡣
֪βĹһһֱǲǻһֱ
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ѹʱͷԼʺһӾͱϵͳ˵ΥˣϵͳĹͷˡ
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ϲһ˱ǶεĶγɳƷֻǷһͨ˶᷸Ĵѡ
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ɵĿþõĶſȹݵſڣ͵о˳ȴûзӦ
ʦ߰ɡ
̾һ˾ʦ˵ȴûκλӦ
ɣ
ЩЩίɵԺ֮ը
ɽӲתͷĿϤ
֮ǰ࣬Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
еһԭ򣬽
磿ɱܿߣЩ֪룬ϵָһ
ô겻ɢأһΪ֪ҵ˼ԹԻȥأɴŤͷ⣬ЩֻҪϸһ£ܹ˵⻰ʱڲ
ǺܿϧڵĺҲ侲ˡ
ΪʲôҪְסɵļʵΪʲôҪô
˵ʲôôûлͷֻǽԼϵһ˫ֳԼųű߿һ¡
ΪʲôҪϼŵĹɷݶңΪʲôҪɢԼõϢΪʲôҪ飿̫ҪˣʵĻΪʲôԼֵ֣ȴɡ
ôΪʲôʮΪʲôҾǾû˼
ϼŵĹɷѵҽĿ𣿻ΪĥҵǻûʵУϾΪҶϵġ
ҿûɢԼõϢҶǹ˾Ļܣ㻹ΪʲôȻ㰡޲Ӵ˲Ҫǰ
ѡĵ˵

ôôͨȴôţɷЦƿţҪ³
ȴ绺ػӦ
Ϊ㲻ҿҡ
Ϊϲҡ
ɣҲϲ㡣
ļϵϲ
лҪ˵
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ţҾȻ˰СʱĴ֡е䡣

Ķ۳ɳƷ
Դڡ
ԭģ
һ̣ˡͣҪεСģܻϳɳƷ


30 ϵĺˣ30
ϲ, ϲʲôסŵһ٣ʲô羹Ȼ˵ϲԼ
һ㶣ûлͷ, ˳, ɵĿ͸ӵĶؿԶ
ֲ۽ǣˮѾ͸沿
ϲԵͣϲ㶯ȥưɴңϲ˫ȲмҪͼʽɵûгŵ赲, һ˿ȫĶ䡣
ͣȡϵֽս
㾹Ȼϲңȫãɫ
ΪʲôϲԼһжԺǳŲõķչġ
ѵǻƵأ̤ƭĶ
Ҳÿ춼㵱, 㶮ҲҪһܹվ, Ҽ粢, ÿһζұ㡣ɹϳ, ͷҲصسһ߹ȥ
翴ɽ뿪Ӱ, Ҫס, ȴá
Ҫһˡ翴Լ˫ȡ
Ȳûҹҽ, Ǻ˶޲ߡ
ߵսǱͣ, һͷ, ĵؿźӳ
ڱԵֹ̽εʱѵŲȥҪǰǰסԼж
ɿźԼĳ, ³һ, һͳֱֻӽ绰Ǯҽ
ι, Ǯҽ, ԴŶȥҺˡֻǼ򵥵һ䡣
ôţ߲ǸƲ˺磿ǮҽɵĻ֮, ̲סʵ
Ʋ˵ġɵ, ЩƮϵͳĻԲƲõġ
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ɴ򳵻ص˹Ԣ³ϵݡ䣬Ǽ򵥵ļȴоԼǿ֮ĩɷǽֹĿء
ĵƹһɢڰһ˳ǽ̱ͷֻܹоǻ֮һʳ
δ𣬵δ𡣡ɫҺЩ䵽ϣĻ
סӣѪ
û뵽ḯܵô졣һʱѡϵʱԼкܶʱ䡣ȴȻֵز
ɣ㻹ʲôϵͳЩȰ
ҪȴҪϴĲʡʲô˼
ٵȵȡֳŵ棬İһȴһ
߽䡣ྻˮɵ沿ǻѪɴڴѪ顣òſֹס
תʰ÷䣬Ѿǰҹʱ֣ոɳȴſڴŵ
ظ磬ң㡣ţֹ֮סصǡ
ûɡһЩƮɫףûôѪɫ
ظ磬ĶѱͰϣѰļͦúȵġ
лˣбʲô𣿡ʵ
ûˡظ磬һҪúõע塣㡭Ϊ˺ҪһŲס
⻰̧һۡ
æȵûб˼ҾǼ衣ظ磬Ҫ˵ˣɾˣ˧ֶ𣬵ʱɾͲǵ˭ˡ
ġü֪˵ʵɻεЩꡣ
㿴Ҿ˵ϲһˣװеġ
֪ˡɵͷһúעġллˡ
˼޷ǾúҪɥʧϣҲúõػȥǡ
ɺĻת뿪˷䣬˳ֹš
ǳȴûлصԼķ䣬Сߵ¥ݵĹսǡһˡ
˵İںڰ֮У֮еĵƹʱҪѳ롣
Ѿ͹ȥˣʵȫԼȥġ˴׾ʱ˵
ҪɵΪʲôԼֱȥҪͶΪʲôԼֱȥ
ҡҡͷתΣų˵ݡߵʱȴ̲סȵķһŵƣҲ֪ûнȥ
ΨһһΪ³ȴܽ͵ԷС
ɡϣܹ࡭˰죬֪θԼһλСҪչɡ
İɣظҸ硣Ӻı֮бóҪ˼æ֤
л׵û뵽ɵϢԼҲû뵽ΪԼ֪ϢĹؼ;
ˣʲôлģҿóظϲ㡣ȴΪֲ˵佥
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Ƴ˼졣ɵڶѹʱ͵֪һϢ
ôöȼ졣ϵͳѾ²ˣٶȷչȥʱȥ᣿
ɵûϵͳôۣЩ˷
֮ǰں˻ֹõĶӦѾЧˡֻҪҪվһʱĸ֮϶ǿվġ
ǲ֪ܲۿˡ
ֵŴһ£ֱԽԣĿ⿴͸⣬ӣվ̨ϣϡ
££ϵһٴι
ظ硣ʳ¾ͼææˡɵĿڱͰ棬ӦþͶһǮԱ⼸ķ֮
ʱһ۶͹ȥˣǴָķ磬ԺоҲת˲šɴһž᳡Ŀĵعȥ
;ȴһ꣬꿪ţĲúܴ󷽣ֻضܺá
ʦͣһ³ſڽһ˾˾֮һΧС򻨰͸Լϲomega
ûӦ³߽һű㿴곤ӭ
ԼͺáԾܾ˵곤ĺ⡣
ƷֺȫɫܶࡣֲڵĻ䡣ÿһ仨ȴغܺá
õ塣
ߵһߣֱõĵطղʱͿˡһע⵽ˡ
õ壬̰ɫĻ΢ɫıϴС̡
֪Ϊʲôɿĵһ۾뵽˺硣ϲõ壬Ҳǰֻǵϲ뵽ĳ˵ϲ
ɴӻʱûôõ壬һ䣬ָСס
갡˵㲻аϲ˲99䣬һ䣿òûϲ˰ɡ˾ʦɼֿտյĻʱ۾ɵϴ
û˵˼ɽԼǰĿڴ֮УʦǼ߰ɡ
ˣúõСôûϲأ˾ʦһ䡣
᳡ܹ࣬ĶЩˣһЩߡ
ɽȥֻ֮վſڣ뻹ΪϼŵԵʣĹɷѾ͸ˡ
ҲûǩЭ飬תת뻹ǵС
ΧһȦûпӰ
λñȽϿǵĹġǰĲǳѹ
ɰţָ꣬ȻΪһռ䣬ΧĴк˸롣
᳡ʼ궯
˴඼һ˹ȥ
û뵽ˡ

̧ÿ˴ӵмĺ磬ɵĿӺɨüûмˣ֮ǰָࡣ
Ϊʼ˰ɣЩɬЦһ£Լһִٳɵġǵͷǻòġ
ɵߴӺ£һһҪӡ۵סĿںϡ
ûк
Ϊһܹļվ
ЩʧĴջԼĿ⡣Ǿתͷһ˲䣬һĿ׼ȷҵɵķ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
һ賿պý硣


31 ϵĺˣ31
Ǻ硣ɳ, пǵ˻᳡
סεֲɵط괩źɫװǰɫĳ, ȴһɫõ塣
õ壿绷, ᳡ûõ塣
ԡ˭͵ģֻǷֿ˼ѣȴȥõ壬˵Ľõֱ͵μұһ
õ壬ȴʼûܹͳȥ
ڱĺõ, ΪǼû˴ֲ͹ɧɵһˡ
紹ӣ䵭ؾܾΧĿ, ԼȥԼλá
᳡, ǰǺԼֹһЩˡ, ʵ֪һεľƻҲֻкֹһˡ
ҪǺҴùϵ, ˵ܹһЩĺĿ
Щĵؿ˵ٻ, ˵Ŀζ, ųٳٵ
ӮǺ硣
ЩȤĿһֹϼžļ۸;֮дĴͬС졣
ʵֻҪֹôɹ, ˵һ˿˿ϣ, ϧϼŵľ۸Ⱥϼŵһ㡣
ɵֲһ», ᵽͽˡ
ֹ߶ݺݵؿ, ѹǺüıǷ, һűŴҽ, Ӯҡ
ʲô˼һ, Ȼ뵽ʲôõ, طԼĴϡѾܹԵؾи֪, ԼѾܹվˣȻʱ䲻
һֱεԭǸҪվ˲ߡ
ʲô˼ûи߹ȵҽҵġֹͷԼʲôûеõ˼ױǰ׻ϲһ
ֹЩת뿪Ƶߵſڣŭֹֹ߳ûע⵽
ֹ˵ҽġǮҽ
ֲáһжˣܾԼΪѾԼ·κԼȲ˵ΪԼֱӵȰ棿
̧ĴˣȴɡЩĻţæ뿪᳡·תǴһĨϤӰ
תҪ뿪ȴ˽һ
ɡһؼҰɡ
̵תȴ˲סˡ
羹ȻվߵزȣǻǼᶨس֡
һʱ֮䲻֪񳹵׽ˡ
Ҫˡſڣ˵һ䣬ûͷûβĻ
ɵĿȫǰϣסõ屻̱סҲȻ⡣
һ£ܻܲ粢ûͣ£ǰߣ֣Ц
áɶһ£𴽽ǣЦ
ûȵǰʹѸϯȫɽһǻ̡
ͷǺ飬ſڣץסǰ·
һ
ɵĲԾæ첽ǰ˹ȥһɲǣ˵ǡò
ɵڵϣѪ˳ջص䵽ϡ
룬룡ϵͳڿռҲһ㶣Ѹٵز
ʾֵڼ½СȻȻҲѲˡ
Ƚ֮£ϵͳĲȻĻܿɫĹ
ɣС
ɣȥҽԺߣȴ֪֡
ҪſڣһѵѪҺǺĺ˵
ź磬üͷ壬ڵϵȴס˺֡
ǻҲѪ
ѪȫǡҪָɲɾǸɾ
ˮɵ۽ǣɵˮһ޽ǡ
͡㡣
׵ĻմȾһεεĺɫһֱеõ塣
ҡ
ɹ!SSS
ɣɣСĵɣһֲֻǵѪ
˵ʮָۣмõմȾϻҳѪӻϵ䣬ڿ
*
оզϵͳСʵڴϵɻѹھ͵ԼܵӰ
ۣգһۣЩãȻĿϵͳôܺðǸоĵЩġǡ
ۣӣǵӴˣȻҽҹֽڴߵϵͳɫӱĴ
Ϊʲô벻ҪƤأ
ܼУ
˰
ˣʱ˳סġ
ŷȡҴˡ
ʲôɻǲ֡
ְ֡ϵͳɵˡ
⻹ࡣɴӴֳͷȴһա
֣ôڴͷˮ
Ի
¸Ϣʱ䡣
ôһüҲ˱˰ɣӦáûʲôŪ˸ɡ
ɼǲ̫ˣֻǺԼܹǵãɹˡ
ûУûŪ˵ĸ飬ģĴ໹ڡϵͳæ֤ǲסͺá
ˣһμӰѹݵġɴһӣĿⶨĿǰݡ
ϵͳǲ̰ˣϸһ£ôô֣˽ʮǮ
ûаϵͳæĴеѡ
һɰ׬
˵ʵӲô죿ǹߵá
ҾһɣˣС!
һɣԭҪǼëӵֶסˣ԰һɵĻԶʮ࣬ԡ
ð㻹̰һɼӰѣ
ϵͳȻǻָˡһʱҲˡò׬ĲۣȫˮƯˡ
Сӣվס
ϵͳرӻ죬ܵһ棬ȴȻӵϸĽ֡
ţΪء
ϵͳ͵͵ش򿪡
μұҴͷϷһƿյĻƿֻһõ壬ƿԱǲ
ʲôûб䡣
ԡԺȫ˰õ塣
ճֻй˾ͺμҡŶؼҡؼҵĹ˾ϼ̲ˣȴɽϼš
ԼĹ˾ٺջһˡ
ÿһ˶ԼĽ֡
źֲź绨ƿõ廻һһ䡣ųϲˡ
ϵͳӿ˲ٶȡ
󶨸ڴϣסõ壬
ߵϵͳ棬Ļһ˲䲻ɵһ㶡
ãɳ
˭
ֲһ۽ǣ˹ˣô۾ɳ
ϵͳȻһ㶣ȻѸٵعصҳ档
ûʲôϵͳ򶨵˵
ŶɵӦһȻ̧׽סϵͳҴˣ
㷸!
թ
ˣղŽӵһϢ˵Ƿɲ˾պΣҲ֪զ̾һ
֮ǰ˾֮ԸⲹϿλˡ
պΣϵͳһ㶣ôôɰ
ôˣʵӦôô
ûʲôղҲպΡ
ǻͦɡɵͷˣͰɣ׬Ǯݡ
һϵͳӵ˴ϡ
ãõġϵͳ
͡Ǹ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
϶HEұ֤ұ֤צ
Ҫµ硣
ɺͺ硣
һӣԸ΢㣬ҿܶһ𿴡ҪҹѽСʹǡ䡣


2 ȨĲ 


32 ȨĲ1
ҹ, ŶëѩӵУ׷
·ߵſնŰ屻紵ú, ѵڹ߻谵, мڷһѣȺɫĻľ֦żž
мķʧ˽һ㰵ݶĽ沼֩
ͷĺϼһ, Ͷ·Ĳһһ飬Сͨ, ֺײ, ЩطѾɫ
, ûбĵطȥ
ȿȡɸ۾ʱͿһĻ, һ, һ, ̲ס
, λ浽ˡϵͳһ
ȷɺԼһ˫, ǡһ˫۵ָ֣ȴϼ, ָĲλӦǳֻ, һӵ
ٺ, ⲻΪõؽӽĿ, õѡʱڵ㡣ϵͳ˾ؽ͵
˵˻ΪɵøãôͲš
ǡλķɻû߾ϮȥˡϵͳЩ˵
ҵôͷʼ߾飿ɿԼСС, ôС, ̾һ, Ǹʲôǵģỹûɡ
⵹ᣬ˼ڻñ߹󡣡ϵͳԼǰ׵һءѲɻһӤ׶֣
ΧһСѶĻ𣬻żȡůǿҪ˯ŵʱʱͻȻһ㳵죬С̱ѡ
Ƿ׷ײ濴ȥкӵɪɪӵסԱߵˣֻЩڰҹ֮УѩϣԼԿ̽ѵĹ⣬кöˡ
űƿߵźɫĽۣһ·ſ˲ͽԭЩխСΧ
һСֱסԼĸ磬磬¡
£㲻£ڡкԼãַϣذ
ҲЩֱӱſޡ
ҪסЩӣȴȻһԵĪҪˡ
ȥüһȺˡ
ſĺӣصԭλϡ
ѭȥˡ
ɫĴסӣ°ɫĽгƣϷ׹źɫӣһ˫޳֣ĴָŰָеľɵů¯һ˫ɫĳѥڵӲϣͷüӥĿ
µ·˿ޱȣǾ뷲һ涼
ٽˢˢתֳǰ
ˡǰ˵أ
һȺӣƽﶼǿΪȻ֪ǰʲôˣǼŻ󣬱֪ǵﲻˡˢˢظӣŶη
ֻǵشɨһȺӣ˫΢΢ֻʮͣȴҲƱˡָһ򣺡㣬
΢΢һɫ
Ӱڵƹ¸ϧӰ˺ӵľ֡
̧ͷƽʵûһ˿һĸ顣
ɴӣ⻰ë¡̧ͷϺ׵ʱȴκˣЩƽȴȻеɬ
֪ΪʲôֻǾίͲʡ
翴ǰĺӵʱԭЩĿȻססСʲô֣
أؽ񡭡ɡɴӣǲֱǰˣɷ
ߡָ˲һ̾·ŵů¯ϡԥת类紵óһȡ
ɸںĺգһ۾󰡣۾ˡ
ãĺӲŷӦΧ׷ԭ΢Щӵ֮˲侲
һжԭӣʲôûзֺʲôһ㡣
ոաǸ˱ˣ
š֪˭Ӧһ
*
ߵǱ³ӵϣߵЩҪ³Χķعι̵ۡ۾һҲ
ڸ籾¡
ɵƤһ֪Ϊʲôһ㲻̫õĸоȴ˵
ɡӦ˵֮ȴӵЩһеڡ
ɱϵٽĹȴױ䡣ĻѪ衣Сҡһ䣬¡ʥּһ
죬˵˻ɵĶͷֱʲôģԴۡ
ⲻǸ𣿼ôдġϵͳҰҰ죬Ȼҳ
Ǹɷдľ籾ô磿ǳһ£λضǰ
Ŷɷߺи㡣ϵͳȻӦһ籾Ҳɷʡдġ
ȱܣȸ籾
СʵۣһǺ磬Ҳ
Ĺ̵ȴҰģʽȨ֮󣬽ɱɱİ˺硣
ҪǸûʵҲУ㻹Ǹ
߾ٶսҡΪĲѾ޷սѾûнʿܹΡ
йҪ㽻磬Ȼͬˣȥ˺磬ǳءû뵽ǣ羹Ȼǵйӡ
סҹЩ£аŶ˰
ΪǺϽĺӣЩӣǵйӣȥ֮Ϊ˵йһȨܿնСʵۡȻֱӴ˻
ΪǻʵۣȻСʱȽ׽ҪɱȻ󱻷ɱˣ絣Сʵ۾Ǹܣһʱ
Ϊ֮ǰ˺粻ȨСʵϱƷ˺磬Ϊɼˡ
ȻͲ˵Ϸˡ
һεǲǺ磬Ż֣ǸԽߣߺǸع粻ôˣҪ֤֮ǰͳһ
ǻʵۣôã۾֮һ˿⣬ҲףСʵۺͺҲûʲô߰ɣôͳˡ
ţ˼ֻ飬ȷʵǼܲסҲŪ˺ĸ飬Թһˡһεˡϵͳ˵
οɷ𣿡ʵȻڵʱûǣͲһһذվ籾ˡ
ԣн׶֮ͿɷˡϵͳϾ籾оһεЩֵֹġ
ʲô񣿡һ䣬Ƥһ¡
һ׶εúϲ㡣
ڶ׶εǱѺ硿
㿴ǲǻںЩǷϵ
Ȼ㲻ˡ
ھڰҺȨ񣬻ֱȥ
߶ͣӰѣӰѰ
ɳĬһʵϸҲһñϲϣٱ
ǡǻ̫һϵͳϸȻ㣬ɵķʽֵֹģֻܺصͷ
֮أһԭѾʱʴˣŪ˸ѾһˡЩ
ûˣԸҲãԸȥҲã㡣ϵͳ̯̯֣ҲӰŮǹ
תתһһҿջšɱţںĺ档Ŀȴ̲סźϿˣôǰǸ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
µĹ£ˡ䡣лֵ֧ĸλСʹһŬա
Լ鷳λСʹ׽ˣʱ׾׽ĵطܲ鷳СʹǱһ½xx%ӵġoz2


33 ȨĲ2
¿Щʮ, ȴѾսϴɸ̾һѵνĻȮӣǿ
ȥϴͷ, ȴÿɿԼĿ⡣һü, ˷Ը
ɱų¥ϵķ߹ȥһʱûзӦһ¡קСܿ첽ĽŲȻ¥ʱȴ̲סһº硣
ů¯һ, ߰ĺӣΪڼһĺͯһİ˵ķĶǿ
ɾ֮, ŮͽһµۡŮҪƿӽ, ȴ溰Լ
Ůһ, Цһ¡Ȩĵ, òԹɫǻõ, ԼеˡŮɵ˼·һ, һֱֻವһӽ·ȫ˽ȥ
æҵĽ·, ŵس, ֲԾ߬ߵ·Ȼĵ̧ͷһǰŮ
ֻŮЦСҪʲôӦĵط, ͬǳ˵ǳһú÷̹ӵġ
ɶһ, ΢΢ſ, , ֲûʲô, һ, ׳ŵʵǳ, ʲôط𣿡µز˭
ǳ־ϲСɷˣǳáӢţʮϽսʮͳ˧˳ӣʰɽӡҪǣҪܹͽˡ
ǳһǰĺӣȻ쳣Сݾ£Ԥòһڵĺ磬Ҫǰ˵ݣܹٽӱ޵ĸϹģҲֻһλˡ
˵ȵĹѪɽҰ֮еӡ
Сӽ϶ҲǶġǳոҪûһδĹ˵ĺӣȴϣȻһű˴
ɺŮ˶һ
ֻ꽫վ룬Ըеů¯ûз£ֵס£ϢЩȡȴ
ȥ
ͬɽʵϪˮƽûһ˿ز峺ֻǼʵɲ⣬˵սľ
ߵ˲ֱӽŮ˳ȥ
ҴˡǳҲ˵ˡ
㶵ĿҪĵǳǻ˵껰ͱסֱקߡȵӦͱڵסߡ
絭Ŀһһ򣬵ͷʵ
𣿡
˲ͷȥЩСؿ硣
峺ˮЩǸղŵȴ۾֮еĵȷһ˿˿þ֣ǰ¡
ȣ΢΢һ˲ȴ˲ѹȥĺ£˵ϣʱûܹǿԸˡ
£Ľëסߣɽһָеů¯ɵУ½ѰҪص۾ǰ֣ƩԺ֣Ʃ
ɵů¯ЩִԴһ˲䲻Ծɪһ£Ǻ֡һıм䣬ߵȽָֻһ˿˿ů⡣
˵ȥ۾Ǹ˵ܷĵ۾𣿡գһ۾û˼Ϊǰ̬ºͣŵŵʵ
峺һֱһˮձѬ΢죬Ǻ±ĹһԼһɵͷЩʪͷָвá
Ա߳һظǸɵͷϣվɵ󣬻ͷ
סɵߣ̲סһ£סӰϻһɺζЩ㡣
ص۶̳дͳ
Ȼһ˶ҲֻҪǸ˶Ӧ仰ĺסˣôΪҪͺһϣһʱ䣬ǵ˵־ܹ֮Ӻĵõһ仰
̳УͳЩ̫ȷظһ䡣
šӦһ䡣
ǡҾͲ˶𣿡סԴĺӣ֮к˿ǻЩתе䵽˵ϡź·۾Щ΢죬ԭѾˮ
Уϻƹˢᣬװ͡ϵͳһ֮ɵûһ㼦Ƥ񡣻˵еⰡһأǹΪ˷һ֣
ӦǵڶɣӦòǵһôɰɡ
ұ졣һôһݣң
ңҡϵͳæϴ.Ķߡ
֮ĶԻһ˲֮䣬˲񣬼ıݡ
ԣ㲻ˣӽ¶ģĿɽĿ֮ȫ
ɺһ仰ûʲôӦֻǽס磬˷ܵسǰҵʲô˰ҵĸ𣿡
֮͸¶ϲεϲϾףֻҪ΢һԼõˣ͸оǰƺһ·ѾϹ˿ׯ˿ûʶµһ̶ˮ
һ£ǰĺӣֻ죬ҡͷҲĸ磬ĳӡ
ӣɵЩ죬۾һգգĶź磬ϡƵóպӡһ˫һת⣬֪ҪԵٵĺۼˡ
ԣĳӡ΢Щ̫ƿߣܱͬҪӵĳһЩչ黹һ꣬Դһİĺͻ׽һʱ֮ҲһЩæҡ
ǡܵҸ𣿡ЩʧĴӣǺȻ뵽ʲôʵǺºܾæ˵ʵ۵Ļ˶Ҫġ
翴ǰˣ߬Լ·ֲԾļӽЩƣӦЩ˽Ҫ󣬵Ǳ˵ȴһӿζ
ԡĹƽӦ
иˡɺȻһͷ˺ĻУ˫ֽסһǼⶼǺζ⻹һ˿˿ĿɬЩζȴܹںһԶɽӣҲǰ˵ӡ
磬硣һһĻź磬
һʱ֮Щ֪룬ȴƼǰ˼ԾĲ
˫ַɵļϽǰƿЦ
ɴӣס֣Сʱ򣬵ҪҺףˣֻʣֲٺֲҲˡ
ڣиˣҲһˡ
ۣ޵úòҰϵͳͻȻɵԺ֮кһҶˣʵ̫жˣأϷǾò˥ԭľǺöˣ
죡һûأɱ˱ۣԼܹܵͷֱʲôϵͳв˰ɡ
~ϵͳһá
ӡϵͳֶˡ
һȭһӹ֡
ܹоɵסһ˲ȴָֻΪԼĴ
ţ㲻һˡɵĺ󱳣һαסԼССӲϵĴҹȺģһ˿˿ӻζ
翴һ죬ҹѾˣ˰ޣǵɶȻѾ֪ԼݣúϢһǱ̸ϻص۶
ԭҪ£ǿЩɫĬĬؽеĻ˻ȥ
Ҫջȴɽס
磬ϣܡܺһе㺦¡һ´Щ
áʹģһͷ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
¼ܿŶ
֣ƩƩ֣Ʃ˷ѵ֮ѧ



34 ȨĲ3
֮۾˲һ, Щ̽ʵؽ糯Լķһ¡
ܵϴȣ΢΢¡
ú͵ƵŵоžƵĹںϡëӳһƬ衣
˳ɵķ˹ȥ
Щ˷ܵ, ͷ, ŴЩɬźߵ˴ϡһ˫ӿź硣
ɶϴȥԡһ̾һ˵
硣ס, Ҫɿһɵͷԡ
죬ͷ, סֻս, ЩҪſǸܵͷ洫, Щε, ɻǻɿ֡
еȶһӱʧ, ͽһЩȡ
־ôſһһ, ûô
ɿźתҪ, æȥСӵĲϺ, ֻܹס塣
һ͸
ɿеЩ, Ĵشԭ, ȴ˵ͷʱͿ, ɴԭ, ָŵЩ졣
ǰ, ع, Ľַɵ, סһ壺ɶϲ𣿡ؽɵָȦԾһ壬͸ɶˡ
磬㲻𣿡ɿе壬滹һ˿˿ȶȣԿŵһ仨꽻ţ֮ڣοյ̣ޱȵľ¡ƽǾ˰һҲųһǳõ
ΪʲôҪأ绺ʵɶǵ˸ҹġ
ҡҲǹġŵŵ񡭡ˣ
ȻǹģôԺעˡƽɡ
ǰĺдЩֲ̿㱻ϲȡ
ǺעĿ⽥رİĵȴڲϵ˵Լ
δĵҪòοֻΪһ壬ĸĶһѣǡһҪߵԼΪҲ˫ַϡ
ǵµϡ
һúŵġĿеϣԼ·档һֻһֱŵů¯˺У磬䣬Ҿ
ɵС΢Щ죬УԼֱĿⶢԼĽż⣬С̲ס˶ڵϻȦȦ
ллɶһ㶣ԭЩ׵һǰչֳЦݣǶůʢŵĺ÷ôޣеһĨɫ
ԭҪԼץסԼ֮䳶
ɿˣЩ˼ĴµãлɶһֱԸõġһֱģ㲻ҵĸˡ
ˣɶϴҪԼһֻů¯һֻɵգЩݡûһ˿˿׸⣬͵ĺҪװֵĲġĵ̾һպҪɶǧҪһ˲
ãõģȥ̫ˡɶŸֿٵıһº磬Ȼյܵ˴ϣԹԵӸסԼ
õġƿţת뿪
ǷȴȻǻһףԼ·ȡַԺţŹ⣬ǰ
ֲ󣬱΢СһЩɫϵʳָȥڿУȵزûƮ
ɵֺȡ
ոպûϸĻԼԼ֣֮Ҳ֪ǲĴֲˡ
Ź⣬ɿһ壬ղ㿴Ȼɵӿ򴰱ߵķ
ֺȻսԭЩɢڴϵ̽Ժһֻ˲˻űӣ˳һԼһӼһ
~ɫĽֱֱĲ봲ߡû뱻ʹ壬һ
˿ǰ漰ʱӦɣһãҪַſת뿪ȴǰӭһţֱӱ߷˳ȥ
!ص˵ذϣסĺڲ˲ʪһ飬ЩŵĿǰĺӣͫ׷Ŵ⡭ܡ
ߣĽڵϣȷʵһӵӡһϰ֮ˣһ˿˿ûСɵһֻסǺ壬һֻסǱӡ
νüı˿еǺȻʲôһȴɳЦһ¡
ɻ󣬵ֽ׾ٵİγȻӵԼǰҪ𣿡
Ǵ̿ͿһǰĽַסؿڣһֻ˳ס˽һٶɡסӣŴ̿ЩζЦһ£Ȼ˲䵹أøϡ
̿ͣ
ӣ˲䱻߿һʱ֮䣬˲ܶˣĵͷ滹ˮϵЩʪģŴ멣ͷɢ
ǡǴ̿һ鲻ãŴķҪʩչṦߣȴһ
绷ܣҵɵλ֮һֻһ£̾ͽ̿Ͷ
硣ɻشӱһֻ۾סһǷ磬˰ɶ˯ˡ
ûˣɶû½˯
һǰҪֵȴԼϵˮְ˻ɺûôĹǣˮ۽Щ죬Ǹղűںоû˯ѵӡ
üԼıӸںϣҪɰȻ
һλģллɶ糶˳ӣЦһ£ȻסɽӵԼĻУɶϢˣǸɶ˯ɡ
ɵסĲںĲλ˲䣬ͷһ˿˿⡣
õġһ£ȻоһգȻص˴ϹԹԵ£̾ͽ硣
粻ԾЦһ£ȻԸ»һӣɵ֣ڶǰͷһɵա
ȥ֮һҪúõظһ֤
ߺոߵǰǱߵ˲۾ƿӣѹסĲλȴǱ̴ĵطﹴһ˿˿޻ղӵס
ٴν˳ŸղŴ̿͵ķӦתֱϵͳռ档ⶫЩ˼
Բۣ㲻ҪҶˣҵˣϵͳһһſڵϣһһ˿ӡӽѹµĻ͸ˡ
úÿţ˵ϣӦǣ϶ϡ뵽ʲôһ۾գһ£⡣
õġϵͳĵı֤ЩѯʡʲôҪæҿŬİŶ~
ϴһôôʱһΡЦһˣʵʵĴϷǰˡ
*
¥ںԱȴҪ˵ǹСӵġ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
get


35 ȨĲ4
ֶһ, ˼һ˲ֳһӣһҹȥҪĿ⿴򷿼, Ź, Լ֮лܹ⡣
СʵӦ˯˰ɡӦøűӣֻԱߣӻš뵽ЩϲԾ¶һΥĵЦݡ
֮еڴ, ϵıӱƵһߣڴϣһȳ, ַ, ָһûһĿš
ɵĻӦһ, ȷûжԱȴ󣿡
϶ûСϵͳķ񶨵, ǴݶԱ, ִġ
ڹǳѲݵ, ȻԼõ, Ǻõﰡ
*
ŵƿ, ϵȻ˯ССһ, ڴڲһ档Ĵһ£ֹص˴߻ŵĴ, ķѩȻֹͣ, ڴʱܹо⡣
૵, ס
Щ͵ЩĶ, ɡ
Ҫɱڴ, ȴɵͨһƬ, 滹δɵˮ飬Ҳ֪ʲôجΡ
Щֽץסӣˮӽŵ۾֮֮Уڸںɫķ˿֮䡣ɵͷȻʪ͸ˡǿ޹һʱ䡣
׵ɱľͺÿȻ˵һЩڵһȷʵϧüͷһ£ͷ΢΢ʶָߣɳԼûл
ɻǸ˼׵ĺӣǴ̿˵ʲôܹһƵУǱѻҲ֪׼ȷһ
Ȼȴ˳ƷһͷĲ֮䣬ͷһ¡ԭֹͣüͷֻս
ŸӵĻƣĴ΢΢΢΢һ¡
ҹھµӵߣҡҷһϡ
峿𴲵ʱͷѾ뿪ˣ̽һ£ԱߵλЩӦѾ뿪˺ܾõӡ
̾һһԼͷŽŵ˴Űɫ·䣬һѾ͸о˴̹ǵĺ⡣ֽ汧סԼļ̫ôˡ
Ŵһ˲䣬˳ŽСȣɵݴһһϸһΧȻŷľӣԼ۾ֱ۾Щ졣
硣һԼ
˹ǷһСˣϴûװϵͳͿɺˡ
Ҫܽ͵ꡭɷһۣ䵭
ӰûܵõǵʧֱһӰȦĺϵͳ̴˲ʺƨϵͳ׷Ÿιԡ
ɼæĻصϣӸԼϡ̫ˣô
һֱעĶ氲ķ·ѩ֦ɵֺȻսתۼɱѾվ˴ϣſڵķ˹ȥ
֨ѽ~ոմžͿǰһɳ۵С͵سԼ˹ײ˻档
类ײ˫סɣæסӣܵԼеյЩɶôˣ
磬һΪ㲻Ҫˣңҽ糿ûп㡣ɵںǰǰЩӣְĻսЩƵĻһЩ
סɵĺȻһͣһСطΪǱˡԲôûʧ
ʵϣɱڵסϵıȴһ仯ûУϸһ˿˿Ц⡣
ûвҪ㡣һ£ԭЩͻַɵԺЩҵͷ͵
棬𣿡ɴӺĻ뿪ͷͷյ࣬ЩӶǰסɵɫ
ֻܿ۽ǵһĨ죬ǿ˺ܾõӡǸûпԼͻҵ´
ǰҪɣǺȻ뵽ԼָղЩ⣬»ǰůͣ˳ڿлһɵͷϣ¡
᲻Ҫģֱ㲻Ҫҵһ졣绺
棬𣿡Щȷһ䣬ᶨسŵҲ᲻ģôһ졣
ġҪɵգҪ۾װ׵ĸǰһӣ˵ÿһ仰ġ
ֻûɾͺȻסˣ磬㣬ҿ޵ĺó󡭡ɺĻû˵꣬һЦǸƤĺӡ
ҪҪ˵ϿޱӵӶԼȥˡкȻһ˼Ҫɱָ˶ֻҪԸ⽫ܹסɵ
Ȼڵ岻ǰԸһȴûʲôѶȡպ绹ǷˣһֻһɵͷǺðɣϴ֮¥ǽҪˡ
õġӦһת뿪ǰűȥ֮ͷ΢΢һ£ȻתžǱ߹ȥ
ͭ۽ǵĺѾɢȥȴûһ˿˿ۡƽͺղŵĲԼһ
Ȼͬˡ
һͱ¶ˡϵͳ߳Թܱ߿Ϸ
Ҳ˵ˣǲһЩν˵ڲǻû¶𣿷ͦڴ緢ֵһģϾԼطҪԼر¶õĶࡣ
Ҫ֪ôĵġϵͳִ򿪾籾ڵľѾòˡԭľ֮ԭûôϷЩɪЩСɵĵϷȷûйͷ
ʱ֮ɱջ
һţΧǰѩװعӦһ䡰һҹǧ滨
촩ִ豸֮⣬ǾܵĸԲͬʱˣûȻؾۣȻȫϢ󣬲лġ
ҲֻСʱ򣬿һ־ɫ
ЩƫԶ۾Żаµ·̡ɶҪ·ʲôĵطһҪʱŶϳ֮
õģһġںߡЩڵĶ˶סԼϵ·ĿЩĳԱߵСӿһ¡
ɶҪ뿴㿴ɡЦһȻǸӡ
ˡɿһۣ漴ջĿ⣬ӿԱߵĺ硣
ĿռܴмλðڷһСӣڷֽʣм顣ǰͷȫ𣬽ڹǷסǺʣͦдư磬ѹơ
ĿεĴǰˡ΢΢һ£ǰЩ
ɶȻܵԱ˵Ŀڲϣһֽµһʶһ£һֻһϡ
硣ɺȻźϴЩεɫЩһԼĶȻ뵽ʲôָǱһ½ַӲԾĳźĶȥ
һССĺڰĶϣѩϵһ÷ÿˣҪһ¡
磬ҲǹġĿƳһº绺ǰֽľٶЩϿҵصǸ
ûϵһֽʣǺȻ뵽ʲô½ʷ£ʵɶж𣿡
ûûСɵ˲һ죬ԭһ飬ǽԭĸױȥˣ֮ԭҲûж顣Լȷʵûж顣
û˵ѡ
磬Խʶ𣿡ɹִ˺ϣһúѧġ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
ڳԸʱĸ£3ı


36 ȨĲ5
磿ɾؿź, һ˫峺ܹ濴ӳ˵ӡһû뵽һ磬΢˼һ˲䡣
бǺ粢ǷǳҪ̵Լѧϰش, ԭЩɫҲûϵ, ֪æҲȽϱҾǵҪ
Ȼԡ練ֽɳԼǰ˼û뵽ɾȻô, ϸһɴСþͲرĺãļ˶֮䵽ؤһϽ, ӵ˵ɫ
ղŵĳĬӦǱˡ
ҡҿ𣿡ͻľϲͷ, ɺȻ̧ͷ, ϲȡԭþɥȻ¶˺Ĳ, סɵ, һײԴ, ͬʱҲܹĸܵ˵¶ȡ
ССһ, ֻһӡ
Ȼ, ôֻΪԼӦһССҪ
һΪҪԼһ, ĬĬشԼĿĵصһֱССצӣЩ̽ԵĴԼϡ
ҪǱܾȴֻٴԼĿ, ǻὫԼȫζ
ǡҪ￪ʼأʶԼĶЩڼ, ɿִӺĻ˳, ָЩȻץԼ·, ͷĿЩƮ, һĨ, ǲֱӺ۾
ɶʶأ翴һԼе飬طһҳӵһֿʼɵ֪
硭ңҲʶɿһۣӵһͲʶ˵գɱͷⱾԼϲ֣϶ûн̵СѧϰһӿɵǺ粻עʱᳶһ¡
ûϵɾȻһֶʶ׼ҳֺȻһ٣ȻǰЩ̵ɣطɵͷϣ컺£ɶȸ統һζʱ򻹿ޱӣǱҵĸӲѺѧá
ɵ۾Ȼɴˣ΢΢ſ뵽ʲôֻֽԼͷϵ磬Ҳ
ңü⻹ǵһ֮áһ
ţĺܺÿһɵ۾΢΢ǺǳҼÿ˾ˣӻҪÿ
ЩЦãȻӶԱһҪͷֲܺһӣӦܹ뵽ÿ˰ɡ
ҽҲҪȢ統ӡɺȻֲһ䡣
ǸöϧûСϵͳͻȻ²һ䣬̶뿪
ЦѾѧˣСݾԼԶһ㣬òתһɵм۲ѾûˡڵĻֲһƤˡ
ɵƤһϵͳҪͻȻԼü̳ԼŲǹߵãһ١
ɶɫȻе飬Ժɲ˵һҪȢ˭֮Ļˣ֪𣿡
Ϊʲô˵Ҫϲһ˾Ҫ˵ſԵģ׻˵ҪϲһһҪȢؼҲСɶϲ硣Щɻؿ磬ȫǲ⣬Ϊʲô˵ԣ
עɵӣܹؿԼӰһ˽ԼװУӴ֮Ҳκˡ
˼˵ӵ۾峺ģֱӿһӵЩʲôĺȻ©һġ
ʶԼЩħˣΪ̫ûиܵһֱ׵ˣֱҪĸо
ǻʵۣñ֪ϲʲôɫһĵض˵
⣬һ߱ϲġɺȻЩᣬ㼱æı֤ԼظʾȫԼ
Ҳǡ̾һڹƺ˵ҲףԺصʹ棬רŽ̵ЩġֻϣɳԺ󲻻ΪЩǨŭ
ɶǻҪ𣿡һ£ԼĻ棬סɵ֡
ɿЩݣںĻ澹Ȼôʲô˿ʵĵطıֳģʵһûУڽɶдֺ𣿡
õġɲͷһº磬Ĳ˵ǽֵӵܴ򣬱ͦëܳβ΢΢һ£ܱɫЩǴȴܱ
ʲôأ濴֡üһɵĶͷȥһ˲ͺˡ
ˣǰδʵۣɽǸġסɵһ٣Ҫ¹򣬵ڶͷȴס
źسԼĶͷٴһӣ磬Ժ飬㻹ҪҰ
áȻʧЦǶˡڻһӡһȫȫԼĺӡ
һӵ֡ɫĿһƬǱ湷ֻ֡˵˼īˮдĶдĺܺÿ
ɶ㻹ʲô׵𣿡ɻؿɣ˵Ӧð
Ľеıʷ£ЩҪ˼˵ҾǸоֺЩ̫Сһ壬ʣܹһֻ𣿡͵磬ֱ֡
ԡͷԼôô
õġӦԹԵӵǰſӵ棬еıմһī֭ȷȷʵʵıȸղ˲٣źдһһġ
飬ż̧ͷһǰɡȻûнȴ쳣Ǣ
һһֱڸ·ٽҹʱҵһվ
µĳ;棬ڵ˵۾
յоҼһ涼źɫĴϵִϲɫģҲг಻ġ
˹֮еЩ˵ڹء
ЩÿһߵӣĿγĿס
۾ҲؤҲͨİգҲŲǴٹȴҲö࣬¥ǰվ˵Ůӡ
·߻һЩʳ̷ǻŻ𣬴ӱڵİӣһǳɵĴӷڵȹ֮н̳ȻŽ֮У滹Ŵл֮Ķ
ǵ۾ˣӽ¡
ǰĵطҲûʲôͬ
һˣһ˫۾һ
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ҪǣϽĹӺΪٵۡ
֮ϣ˭Ҳûϵһ飬û뵽ձһСʵۻͻȻôһּ⣬Ѹ¡
ǰԱ֮ʱгԣةΪ׵ٹ٣඼ԲΪɷ
ڰ֮ʽǻٵۼλ£šͳ
Ҳû뵽ɻͻȻԼΪɺƸ˵һ㣬˵ʲôһáǾ޵ĵּˣǰӻһ󣿡
ĳһ˵ˣϢŭ֮̿ľӡ
ҡһ߽ǻزȥˡ
ҾڵһӣʹҪȥµһЩϽҲͬ⡣ǳԭıɾú϶Ұġ
ú綼Щ⣬ȴżȻ֪
˻ʵۣܸľֻˡ
*
峿һ
ɻ۾һǷᣱ㱻˽´룬ܣΧĴơ
ɫΪ
ϵĵȼһϣɵҪ
ȴɵı⣬ֻҪһݸʹ벻ӣǲ֪ΪκǿҪԼºڿԵơ
һй˿ŵȷ̾һ
ɫŹ˵̷Щ޾ɵϴŮɫɴۣſ˫ɹŮϡһεĳݴѧʱеһƴ
ɵƤ´ܣһţо̫༱æһ멡
ˣʱߵģɺȻʲôʵ
£Լʱ뿪ˡ
ô磿죬ҹĻȥǲ̫鷳ˣǺȴԸƫ档
취Ͼñ֪ٵۡϲκС
СӡɵĿԼߵһۣ˵Ͳ󣬵ȴԼ˼
ҪǣˣҲةˡ
¡С˲£Щֵ̿
һ³֮ͷԸˣ˵Ҫѩˣܹѳģʮɱ˸ʮ
ūСЩԻ
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СЩɻ󣬵֪֮ǾǲҪӵ飬ҲֻǸѹҪ١
һľͰáһ±
ūСӦ
ĵأ𣿡Щĵһ䡣
ʹūΪҪװһͰѩūűشҪμӶѩڻǰ¶С۾һգһ˵
һȥӵǮɵĽŲֹͣһ£ƫͷվԱߵСӣȻ׼ӣ
ϳʱһλİٹλϱ飬Ҳһʼ̸ڲ֮ʱֻᳳһš
棬ַεķ棬һûһţʱ򻹻ҪһǷ˿ɢɢġ
ٹһʼЩӦǹһ֮ȻһӣϾ涼ףĿǰմȫĻ
Ͼ˼бȨʱة࣬һ˼ҲֻбѹŴķݣҡ߽Ҳ˼ҸˣҲЩϼһϺֻһˡ
糯ٹٻûȫȥ
⡣ֱӴźܹȥΰ䡣ۣһͷ˺Ļ档
СŴ멼æĸɵĺ棬һüӹϣô⼱ľͳˡ
ЦһסںĻһ£Ȼǵס֡
滹û뿪İٹЩȵĿǰˣĿɿڴȻѾЩϰˣÿһοǻ𾪡
ͻʵۣԹûмܹƽģҪôǻʵ۳׳ΪĿܣҪôǻʵ۷ɱ
ٵҪĹϵ˼һ֪᲻顣
˻װûпӡ
ϾڼʹСʵһλϣǺܶȴǺģǵ趼
˼һбȨʲôμңڻʵ۵ģȨ֮˭Ըصȥٵǡ
ҲһЩɿɵЩɸ٣СʵۣôԼ֪
еһУҲֻǸĵ淢ϻһϹ
ӹɵǣ˺֮⣬е˶ٵǴ˷ָ϶ᱻԼޡ
ź֣һĳгڶ֮ȴЩţæͷ뿪
˭֪أ
ȵĶߵĲˣЩտĵֻʣˣ
磬ҪɶһɶԸ˺üϲĲˡɵĵϴһЩ
áӦһ˳Сʵ۵޹߹ȥ
ֻ˼㿴Ĺ˺ЩæЩ⣬֮ǰҲû¹ѩǺܿģΪνˣ
ĪǹǿСʵۣ
ᣬԺ֮һðһ뷨̱ǿܻӹҲܻ乬Ӧûûôĵȥʵۡ
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£񲻺ϡüһҲСʵ۵һνʱ˯һֱǵȵСʵ˯Լ뿪
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¡̾һǰ
׻Ǹӣһв˳ĵıҪߵɵǰȴЩί
ǣ磬û˯š˵⻰ʱһ˫۾Ѿһˮ۽Щ졣
㾹Ȼסϵͳſռ汻Ͷ˵УĬĬʰֲŷ׼ʱ򻹶׼С
޿κεҪһ¡Ƿͷ֮ɫһǻʵۣ֮ǰһܱͷСֶˡ
ֻһͷȻЩɻؿ磬·˵ôˣȻرԸⱻͷӺԼϲҲǲԽܵġ
Сӣȥ׼·ϲЦŷԸСӡһֻ͵.ȳɹĺ
һ£ȻѸٵջ֣ȭڴһżæŵص²Ҫ˯ڸϢˡ
õģһ𡣡ס֣һڴϣ޹ĺܴһܹ
иܵԼˣ΢ʧЦֻջȥȥޱӡر۾Ƭ̵İ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
һ


37 ȨĲ6
СӼææСܽӺ͵, һ߿裬ſ֡
ոһյϰɵǲǹצ, ЩʻҲģµΩΩФϸŻһЩдֵСϰߡ
ô, ŻŵģһüͷСһеķȻߵԼߣ£ѩ
Сӿһۺ, ûм˵ȥѾ˼Źȥˣ
ѾŹȥˡС˺󼸲ش
ɵͷȥͰɡеıߵ˺ߣקһºӡ
粻ɫķеӣдһѵ밲Ļ, ûᵽص, ְһԼɽ, ղС˵Լ, ǲ֪һһ͵ڴʲôա
, Ҫѩ𣿡ס, ק, С, ȥҴš
һܾҪҪȥ翴ûеõԼĻشֱСȥ׼һҪԼȥ˼
ٺ١, ȥһǵһο۾ѩأź߳˹ĹǶæµ
翴һһŵĶѩ, ˵ΪνĹв̫Ծĵط, Ϊʲô
, ҪǶѩ, ͡СӴɻش
ѩˣ粻ؿ, ôҪѩˣ
, ǰͺˡǰվ棬˵ԺЩѩѳɵˣǵʱֻѩʵ̫ˣһԡסʵǰѹѩ𣿡
ǰĿſգڻʲôѹҲǺܾ֮ǰˡ
ǸҪһ𣿡һº֣ΧĹ˿·׷밲ֻźСӣߵһȽϿտĵط
ñܿһЩˣɻС£ˡ
û˿ţͬҰֱ˵ѩ档վһ߿ţʲôȥʲôȴúֻ֣żúһѩ򽻸Լ
֮ѩһһСɺһֽԼϵ·һϴѩˡ
һüһʼΪǸѩԭΪˣû˵
磬Ǹˡɽ˺Уһָֻѩˡ
ֲһ£ǻ˫סɵ֣Ҫů͹ԺҪˡ
ҾǿģÿġЦϸĿź磬Ͻشȶȣ֮нؿʼƯϸѩ䵽Ľëϣ˲ڻ
ҳ֮ͻʹѩһġɵЩ죬ЦЩ󣬺Щס
һѩˣѩŴ멣Сѩ˽ؿߡ
Լϵ磬Ȼϣϵǰһ޹ˮԡСӷԸŷ㽪
磿һ´멣Сһ壬Ȼס֣ҲҪԡȽ
ɻص޹֮һȥ㿴ڵѩѾ˰Ͱһ£
Ѿˮƫԡһɿˮ̽һ£ˮ¶á
ƵԼϵ·ľͰɵĽѩȫԡͰ档
֮ǰǿҵҪԡزΪһɡϵͳɵĲֱˡʹרŵԡأһʼҲ㲻ô
㣬û뵽ôϡɵͷ֮ǰҪǺ粻ϴڻʹô죿б𣬾һʼԼǹ˼ͻ뿪
û뵽ǣֻǴһϣǡҹո¹ѩ
һ鶼ôɺϡ
˵·ҨˮֱӴԼͷȥˮɵͷƤ飬ԡͰ֮УѾЩˮļɻһ㼦ƤůǻǺ䡣
ãɻسȴûл˽ԼߵϣӽԼΧȻܸṩȶȣǺôܹɢ 
ɶõݶڷסӣоЩܲԼ֪
ˡɻһڱӵµֵָ׻ǰɫģȴޱȵ
¡Ĺ˹سȻĽԡͰ֮Ķȫ
£Ϣ𣿡СӸϹһʱԡҪϢˣǽסƫǺͱһ
أɷԸ
õģūھȥСӹȥ
һ͸˹紩ĺܺ񣬵ǿķѩܴ󣬺Ĵ涼մһЩûڻѩ
Сӽһߣȥ¿ռλˡ
硣ɿ֮󣬼æƲ±ӣǺݺݵشһս缱æϹȥӸסɣɫࣺС
ɶþöûк͸һ˯ˡɹԹԵסӣԼԱߵλãȻϱһŴ齵濿˿
ЩεЦһ£ǹһĨױ˲鿴Ļȡɵߣ˸Ųͬıӣ˯
ҹѩԽԽ
硭üһ΢һĵطȥһȽӲĵطȥ
£һܾǿΪ֮ǰһֱͬͬ˯ӦɵĴڡϻ˽رס˹ҪɣָڴɵϵʱǱһ¡
ѣæִɵĶͷ
̵ȸɵ״ǳòɻǲͣسźĻ꣬૵˵ź䡣
ˣ
һϸƻͨ˶ɪɪĹڵϣͷҳһ̫ҽة˴ӱ֮нгææһϹͷ˹
ϣſںĻУʱѾ˹
ҷˣʵ϶ȣϵͳӦÿԼص״
ģҲ39϶ȣûд˾ճɸɵӡϵͳʱ򶼲Ƕһ¡
39϶ȣղ
֪ˡЩ᲻ڲϵͳ죬Ҫ˯ͷʹ
̫ҽةϸĸɼ꣬˳һЩɵĻո˽ۣǻ˷ȵµ²ҪʱĽ¶ȽȥС
ȥҩɫЩַɵϣȶ̵ЩӦСʵڰʱѩ˵ģСʵҪҲӦһ߶ѣСʵһ߿ŲŶԵġ
ĵһֱֻţͷɫȴƵüɵĴЩɣæķԸ˶ˮ
£Ⱥȵˮ
磬û¡ĴӺĻֽӹ˹ˮһһĺȥźЩɫҲ
²ÿοȷʵǳǲܡЩ
ǣĴԼĴڸоԼſڶܹоϵȶȡ
ǿЩɫʱɸоԼĵǱһ£ʹҲֻһ˲Ļþ
ɵĴ£ס磺ĹⲻȥֱȬſڣǽԼĿ˵˳
ɽĵ׵Ĳѹ£ַԺǱˣŴҲУһƨˣòʧ˵Լ
ֻҪԼһֻҪεԸ𲽷ȨԺ˺硣
⼸棬ɵĲһֱֱȬҲǴԼһ֮ˡһֱڹ棬żȥһߡ
֪Ϊαߵ˶ѩ˵ĵطѩͻĲˣջ˽ѩϵĴȡȴûлСʵۣԼ˻ȥ
Ҳ֪ʲô˼
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
׼ʱ֮У
֮ǰһظˣѾˣһЩ


38 ȨĲ7
ɲ֮ɻ, ÿҪһ㣬żϳҪճںߡ
ֺӲԸԼӴ, Щɻ
³ֱ֮Ӻ͹, شʼ
ɹԹԵߵλ׼֣ȴȻסˡ
£ǻѾٽˡ
, ӦȥӼѧϰ
Լ֮ͼæȥɵĶںߣһֻ˵Ĵ, ĻȴԾס䡣
, ҲȥӼࡣ
Ǳ, Ҫרŵһε̬ЩǿӲ, , ȥСʵЩ, ֻǸ
ȴ, ֻǵ, ǲҰ
û˼ҡͷ, Ҫסɸû˼ȴûж, ֻǵ, һ֮, Ҫѧϰǵ֮Ҫҳ, һˡ
, ʲô˼һ, ôˣ
ûпûк˼
Сʵ̫ˣ֮ǰûз֣Сʵ۲һΣӵ벻ˡ
˽ϢСʵ۵Ķ棬ȴܹõЩۡ
һʼҲûע⣬ȴ֣˵ĹϵȷȷʵʵǴͳľ
Сʵ۽϶ҪȨģҪԼ紹ӣ֪δôԼ᲻Ǳ˿ΪȨܿСʵۡ
߰ʱ䣬˭޷Ԥδ飬ֻȷСʵ۵һ˼Сʵ۲ܳɹҲԼܵ˺
š磬֮󣬻ǹԹԵıϰͯҲСӣͶ˳ŹӼķ˹ȥ
֮ǰѾ˹ӼĲʿǼ֪ɵݵġ
ں罫СʵӼһ飬ֱδţϾһĻӻﶼɻʵָרŵ̵̫ģҲ֪Сʵ͵Ǻξġ
򰲡ѾæŹӼһڲʿӭˣԶͿСʵ۴ͯ鲻Ըĳ˹
ɡɻһ֣Ƽæߵɵߣͷ£ȥҪѧϰĵط
㡭𣿡ɻͷһԱ߹ˣüΪѾ˵ĺˡ
ϢŭƼæ¹򣬺Ҳ¹ǵͷ˵
ˡʾСӽƷôһˣ¹ʲôģһʲôô죿ɲ뻹ûͳʲô˵СϢ
Ҹ˴ҹȥСһֱָֻһˣˡ
һָ㽭ɽӡ
㿴ҿ㣬ǱѡеЩţָһԼõɵ׿֮æǰ
һ·ϣ˶ڽӼĲ֣ӼĻݲݶ޲øɽװ׵ġͺʲô׵ĵطһʲô飬ǿǵ
Ҳû뵽Լֵһ˾Ȼǻ룬һɽСӿЩͷӼæ˵Ļǻж೤Ǹʱ䵽
ǰˡָһǰķ䣬ľƵŵסĶΧĴǴ򿪵ģһ۾ܹ
ļŵĶͳһ
վһ£ڽεĲʿЩͷĿˣŽߣ滹վһѧҲرӣϵûʧԼĪͺ͵ӣǲ֪ʲô󱻷
Щ㱣Ҳʮ꣬񻹲йͣҪûмǴĻѾڡ˭еĹأ
ϵͳ֪Ĺô𣿡Щʵź粻ܹΪ
ԭ֮ȷʵᵽһЩΪʱĺϽΪһӡ˴Ҷŷ͸ԼԼ˹ʾ֮ġ
ԭ˽ˡ
ľӢۣһɣԭзҪãҲĺڻˡ
ϾΪҵĽɽô࣬õȨ֮Ťͷͽߵˡ
ⲻǵ͵жĥɱ¿
λʿɵ˼·˻ղһֱ飬ûԱߵ˵ʲô
أϵͳһ䣬һݿͦεġ
ءɲ㽫ԼѿڶѧĵæعΣʥ롣ɶ˶٣ŵδĺΡ
ʥʲôѧһͷˮһʼǻͬأǿǹգҾ˵Сʵ۴ҲһͣǻΪСʵ۹أ
ֱˣ
ɲ֪µЩʲôվڲʿԱߣԹɵġʿҪɰڵһŵλãɿһ£Լһš
Ϊ棬ֻһŻһŵλá
Χͬɳһֱ˹ɵһԱŵĿСݣȻСϿΡ
ֻǵĿһۣһȺ˻ܹܺõĽԼıס׾ٵľܹϢ
һλе˼
ڹӼల˼죬֮Ա֮Ϊ⣬ϲ䲻ơ
£ӦûȥˡСԱЩؿɣұºƢȻ϶ϻػʹˡۿͿҪˣ»ȥ֮Ҫһ裬ڲȥȵ꣬Сʵۻȥ˯
ݡСӻҪ˵ʲôʵӣӡ
ϢŭСֱֱ£ҪȰοɣһδȴɡ
ˣʲôӣ
ϴŹӼ·ŲϹŶΡһӣ
ৡһ£˵򿪣ɫëɷдż֣µһ
СӿԼûгֵסɡ
ȴվĵϵϴˣҲΡ
һ㶣৵һӣָɣԼԱߵСܣ㲻˵
ǣסԼԴЩίĽ͡ˮ棬糿ˮʹˣ·ϾȻСˣڻҪΪŰ򲻹СֻίһͬѧˡϾСĵﲻ
ƭң֪˭𣿡һδӣҡڵǰˡͦݵһˣȴ߳˵ʡҪɵ򢣬ô˵ˣ
һ£ĿЩЩƵĿǰˣǺˣ
ҵǿǱǰĺˡ
üСӣӣ
лҪ˵


39 ȨĲ8
С˫۵ɴ, æҡͷǡ
ԣȷʵǡһԼĶͷͲһ, СӲкӵġ
̫ݽɵķӦ۵סǾȻҪ, ⲻǹ
ݵ沿ǵͨ졣ֽӳһ壬Ϊȭֱӳɹȥ
ɲŻݣתĿٿ
Сŵÿſ, ־Ҫɵǰ档
ƿСӣһˣݵһ, ڹֱֱسǰ, æסġٴι, Ѿסݵֱۡ
΢΢һ, ֱֽ˹ȥ
ɱĽ쳹С䡣һַֻԼĸ첲, ݺݵؿɡ˫Ŀ, ȴûǰ, 
Ա߱ץ˺СѾˡСӼæߵɵ, Щشɡ
û¡һСӵĽŻ߹ȥ, 𣿡
㣬ҵŹģĿѵغ
˭ɵֵ˵Լ°, ˵, ˭
, ̫, ̫޵ûЩ, ˾ȻԼ˭֪Ȼػ֣
ҵ̫ҧгݵĺ, ô˰ɣڹԹԵع£Сүһ
ۣǻأɿŵ֣ǰסݵ죬ѹ̫ةҲ£
㣡ݵɴ۾ɵһֻѾƶѾʵֱϣúûŲôô벻
ԭ϶⿴һӰʱضס͵̧֡
ʹĻӿɣסԼֱۣתȴ˵ϣ첽ǰߣų˹ȥ
ȴԹԵĴԭأŻһ첲סԼ沿
ͣˣˣֿˣϵͳԭҪԼشȻƱɵһǺˡ
վڲԶͿһĻ꽫СʵƵ˵ȻҪ߹ȥͫ׽ֱӳȥ
飡ʱһɵ˰Ҳûоʹ࣬쿪첲ĿվԼǰ
ŰɫĴ멣ɿź£ɼϵˣСصɵߣعڵϡ
ûʲôطʹɫӵطףûʲôѪɫ
㶵ؿź磬Ǳɵӡ͵ȥ§סĲ沿ںĲ
練ֱסɣܹоֵµ΢زǵˮΡŴһֻֻɵı
ãɲŽֹͣס
ݱߵʱҪ˭͵Ϯڿ˵ʱŵֱӹȥϢŭ
һؾţֻɳҭ
ӼļƹڵɪɪĶͷ涼Ǻˮĵײסػصˣˣ
ûΧŵˣſĲ֮˯ˣὫɱԱߵҪӹȥȴܿ
СӼæȥ
һˬ
´ȴСһȳһյس߹ȥ
СӼѵ¹ڴߣɣ
ر£Ӻ͹СӼæش
ɿһۣЪŰɣź򡣡ʱСˣǺ緣Сӡ
л¡
ԼʰüæӺ͹һӡɹȴû̧ͷ
һ·СŹȥӺ͹ʱɴ֮ȴվںǰֱȴûп
죬绹ûɵе飬֣£
硣ɵͷִںϡСؿһºɫЩ̽Եʵ磬ԺܲȥӼ𣿡
ֻһҪ𣿡סɵַʵ
б𣿡Щɻ
翴һۣҡͷ£˴Σ

£·ϡ֪ݵ£Ȼͬ顭
ǣ̫ɻһתûмǴĻ̫һɵˡ
Σĵػش𣬡Ҫȡеǡ
Ӧ֪ô𣿡λϣòŷ֣Ѿ̺ʥֻּȱӡˡ
ɿһۺ磬˫ӡȥ
йרȥּ
վɵԱߣЩһҪ飬䣺磬㻹ûлشأ
²ҪȥӼ࣬ô˭̱ң粻Ӧʡ
ɵ۾˲һ磬Խң磬ͼҿ𣿡
ڲÿʱȥӼˣÿ糿ʵ̫ʹˡеӾͿҪˣ
ּ
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£бࡣ
̨֮ϣɢ֮ϣɫɴȴĵޱȡ
׼࣡
£󹬿һˣѪ΢³ӯ󹬣ԶҴظ
飡
ȸ飡
̸ԶΪ׵ˣˢˢعһƬ
֮һƬž
աɵָεķ֡
ãɻۣĵɨһȺˣ·һ˵ϡ
ûƿ
̸ҪûмǴĻҿŮ
ݣ¡̸Զ΢΢̧Ŀ̨֮£ֱաЩͷ顣Ҫʲô
Ȼ̸˹޵ĺ󹬣ǲͽŮͽɵ쳣ƽֽ̽ŷʲôʳһ㡣
˼̸Զһ⣬͵̧ͷڶɵʱָȥ£ŮŮѶס
ŶֻǶ׶ѡ΢΢һ£ϣ֮ڱɼ֮Ů
̸ԶҪ飬ѾԶСӵķһӺ˳
̸ԶæǰСɹ̸ūΪѡ
С˵֮㳯ź˹ȥλϣ⼸ҩţȴɲת
롣
֪ˡ絭ĻӦ
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Ӻ͹棬ɰڷ鰸ȴûаڷŶٵ顣
ʮһ꣬һ֮Ҳǰڽ̵ɣЩҲֻȨ
ѾɶӵĵڶͷѩƮţǹů͡
£ˡҲСӱ˵һܹܡ
㿴ţκûҵͬⲻܽӵһ٣дţһһŷǣּһģһ
ŵСӦһϢ뿪
ߵ¡֮ǰֱֱ¡
ɵһ٣Ҳû̧ʼϣдһ֣һݡ
˶û˵©һһεļʱ䣬ֻǵĿһϵӵ񡣡
绺ӰȣûվסһҪȥ磬߬סӣӲѹȥ
֪Ϊ㣿ɷеӣĿһһشͷβɨǰˡ
ʱԺ飬ʱ䣬͸տʼʱ򼸺ûòϵı仯ȴоˡ
ǰĺ绹һѸոĽʱ׼Уڵĺһϻҳڽıٻ˵ģһѱ
סͷش
Դ֮˵ľԽԽԶˣЩɬչǻǰ·ֵ飬ȲȨ
ߵǰ⼸ʱ䣬쳣ؿ죬ѾȺһЩҲѾٻ˲٣ɳıڷ⡣
ѹĿضź磬ǻغ
㻹Ӧô𣬸磿
׾롣
лҪ˵
q(RQq)һʱ


40 ȨĲ9
ܹܵͶӰסԼ΢һ, ֹһµ¿ѡŮӯ󹬡ͣһ˵Թˣ¡ǣˡ˵, ΢Щ
Сʵ֮ǰ˵ҪԼһ, 
ԣ˼ǣҪЩҲʶ˯ҵߣ
ǰһٴν֮ľ, ź磬ζ˵Ҫġ
¡̧ȴѾص֮
, ס, Ȼֱ̿һʥּдʲô漴±, , ̸ŮΪ, ֮빬
Ӻ͹첽߽һ, ˵ͷ, ˫ʥּѸٵ뿪
һûнĿں, ֻӣб𣿡
ˡҪ˵ʲôֻ˴̧ˡ
ת뿪, ɻûסеӿ, Ӻ͹֮лعϡ
̾һ, ǻûеȵ, Ӻ͹űƿ, СҴҵܽڵǰ
, 赹ˣ
˵ʲô̫ҽ͵
Ѿ!СЩɪɪػش
ɼæ, ̤ʱȴȻסͷݺݵص·
ŵСæСɵǰ
С̫ɵ˺赹ĵطȴ֪Ѿȥ԰ͤ
˿Ҫͤӵʱ򣬺ѾѹˣɫҰ׵ʯ档̫ҽةһߣʰҽ䡣
ԶԶһۣؿ̫ҽةתֻߵСʵ£ǲȥ𣿡
ȥˣȥѩһ˲øתС
һۺ磬ת뿪
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ʱ֣С֪ѾްˣҪ졣
һ̧ʵ˵ʲô֢
£̫ҽة˵ǼġС̫̫֮ҽةѯһ
ǱãȥͰɡ
ģʲôŭ𣿸մԼ߳ȥ赹Ϊѡ顣
ЦһǺԶ˵ģֻҪѡ
ȴҲûнӿȥ˼ˡ콥Ӻ͹⣬ŵоž
ְһüġ̿һֽʣдʲôȻŽŷ档
һ
ֽŷһߣ֮ǰͻȻһӰѸٵʧǴǷżʧˡ
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¥
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û˵ǻݡ
һ¿ˮ̾һҼǿӹҹܵϣϧˡ
һ²űһΣɲǿϧô
¥ڣֽɫηīǳнкõģҲ̽ͷź̨ŵء
أô
Ҫ
¥ֻһ־û¡
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뵽ʲô˫ֳס־ǿϧˣ֪Ĺ˾ȻСˣ
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뵽ɵĳźķ߹ȥ
𣿡
ڵġű˴򿪣Ѿ룬裬֬ݡԼ֮ȴܹƵüᡣ
˾Ǹˡ
ʲô𣿡һ۾̽ͷ濴һ¡
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̾һһε̨ɲʧ
ġӦ
һϣ¥ͷ̸ܶȴ˼¡
̸Զػصţķһ߸ŵڿߵŮ
ǲȥҲȥ̸ԶоԼʮ꣬಻˵ôһ䡣
ǵǻʹǳ˵ĵطŮѾ;綨ǻʵٲɢ̸ԶŮȻڵϡ
ʲô취㲻ȥԴľ
ԴȥסԱߵŮһ𳤴˵ǻʵҲûңԡ
*
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ˣúϰҲǡ
Сӻ£æ뿪档
ھȻ鷿档
¿ҪԸＱæӭ˹
½ϹҳӡСӺɫ˵濴һۣƼӹлһ顣
ӻᴩŮװҪװģǳȴҪǱ˷ֶӰ첻ñһֱŮװӡ
ֳʺãҪ𣿡
ԣӣ˵ȻúϰҲѾšЦ
ūȻȥˣûȥҪ뿪ǰȴһЩӡ
ɽ˽ʹϢܿ㴫˳ȥ˽ֵĻǻ¥Ļͽһ顣
ܶϧԺɾ̸ˡ˾ʵ۵Ҳһ֮ˣĪض˼ֺøС
ڰʱ˳ӡ
˱ҹ̸С档
ڲ֪УǳСʵ۵ϲСʵ˳˹ҹ
ΪֹٵҲֻйһˣڼǰʱ
һҲ˺ĶУʱ࣬ȴɲ֮ǰֻҩĺúõš
ӣ洫Ϣڴȶҹˡ
棬ǰŵ
ȷЩ̫Ըŵٴʵ
ڸİ˵ġŵ˼ᶨػش
ȥɡе飬˻֣ǿӲź֮д⡣Ѹٵ뿪翴űϣصؿ
ִԼ·֮óһ塣һֱŵģ͸ɵһ弫ƣĻ꽻ĳ̶ȴǲһ
ֻսĴ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)


41 ȨĲ10
⼸, ˴Ϊɽ¥һ鲻ͣ裬Щ˾ȻֱڳָɣΪǻʼѪĴ
ɵǲΪ, ֻԵЩԱļȻҲŮ, һͬ빬
ɵһ仰һ˲˴롣
㿴ңҿ㣬˭ԸٴγΪһͷ
˴ߴ̸Զǰ, ϾŮ Ǻǻ¥Ļͬһλݣڻʵ۾Ȼ;ͬһ֮¡
ڳУǽǳ͢ٵŮǻ¥ķ糾Ůӡ
̸Զһȴѧˡ
ԼŮòûнһ, ڳͷ˵ʹ, Ҫǻʵ۲Сķ˽ĲŮ, ǿɱͷĴ
ֻǿηηЦ, Ǵصĳӡ
ԼҪĺ, ǳµʱȴֳΪͷڹ, ı˭
Ʋûϳ, ɺͳһֱô, 糯һΡ
³֮ٹٷ׷һ, ǰļԱʱȶЩˣǰʱôûзɾȻôϡ
ת뿪, ǹ滹һЩԱûߡ
ةĿ뿪
, ñá̫ξ̾һ, û˵
ȷʵ, еǱʡةֿĻҳ, ŵ
Ҫľͺ, ţӦҲ˵ҪǵûС
̫ξЩؽԼĵ׵뷨˵˳
ԡةƳ̫ξһۣ䲻ѵ
죡һȥȾƲҸշֵģǱ¿һҾƹݡ̫ξᵽƵʱ٩٩̸
ةûлӦֻ̧ͷӺ͹ķһۡ
Ӻ͹棬ɵ߽뿪֮Ϥ֪ɣص˵ةһ顣
ԭӵֶסС⻰ЩŭɶЩֱѱ
Сӣȥ޵˽潫һðϲùȥةࡣ˵֮Сӵŵūһúõġ
СӵȻֹЩŵĵɴֻ۾˰졣
ˣة࣬޲ʧġɿСӵӣʧЦһ£ԭЩƵ˲ࡣ
ҲǾأ
һ黹ûн꣬˫һ½֣ǺҪˣҶĬûһ飬ǸԸԷһ̨ףɽ¥Ļӽôȥˡ
죬Ҳûʲô˼ӡȻѾɵȴûһıȨ
˵ЦȻϳӵһЩеȨԼΨȨʵʵںС
СȥԸһ̫һаյͬĹģٰ졣һ˵
ŵСЩףǲɵԸȥ
С߸ո뿪˲ɵߣ˫һż
ȥɡɻ˻֡
żڿݵʱ΢΢һ£㽫żӽ˻֮УֽյֻʣºںһƬ
ʱĹ֮УֵĻʵڴϣһõӣӵһҩһһ׵ϸιʵۡ
һӽʵһߣϵĲ˿־ڳʵҩա
ˡʵסӵ֣̾һЩػ˵
ܺͱһĸ֣Ҫǵꡭ
*
ҹʹڣƻͨ
ƵĲ룬һһķԼеʳͷѸٵȥ
ֻ¿տյӣǽϹȼյһһԾŵ⡣յá
μĳ׷ͬЩЯҾ졣ǵķ˱İһ֮Уɳд
ǱһװһȺ֮СϾһʵǲ˼Ůһġ
һ·Ĩϵױݣѵһҹӣһ͡ߵϹƻᱻһĹϹ
ڴſڣͷ
г˱ʾǿϵ·ȻˡļҵĹӣһֱûбˡ
Щ˿̫ϵ·ӣȴܹϵȴǶõɵġܹΪεģӦòһĹӡ
ߣйԱڿòʱ㶯˼ôÿҲ֪ɻûСҪûеĻԼļ滹һ
ҪòȻǱȲģȨƵģ˭ҡֱأ
ǱȽǣЩ˵ȻȫܾˣǸ˴Ϣ֮
Щ뿪ŷӦЩȻûܹһ˵Եֵıˣ˼˭֪
㿴Ǳߡսʱ㱻ߵѣһվм˱Ǳ½ӽĻΪ˵һλ
ˣҪȥһ𣿡ʵԳΪ⵫ᵽСʵ۵ʱȴЩա
ºĹϵԽԽӲˣһεǱ·ų˹ϵͻźšúõʲôˡ
𣿡˼һ˲䣬̾һˡ
ȻǲȥǴķһôܿջǻġ
ֻһʼҪһˡû뵽ǳԭЩյɫڿʱ۾Ȼһ£ԶԶسź񣺡μ
μĳӷ׷׻ͷһ˲һһ׼϶һ򶨣ĵ浽ôģƾͺ˵ˡ
ȻѾˣЩȻǸ˴֮УԭΧڳߵѸټ١
ڹάһʶˣΨһɱ˿ԺաȽڲĴȨաҪԶ棬ҲҪܹõǰü档
һеıȨܴ档
类λΧסȺĿ϶֮иԶԼһȽϡơЦ⡣Ĵһ£û˵ʲôֻĵĬĬؾԼɵˡҲҪѡεĺ󹬡
ߵֱڸڿ֮УֲսЩɬˣӺ͹߳һ˲ͺˡ
ͤԶԶر㿴ɵӰֻû뵽ǣɾȻȥһĶԸˡ֪֮ɽ̸ҵŮͳΪ˵顣
ŬĸԼ⣬ǻʵۣӵԺǧ顣ʱҲôСʵ˵ġǲǵʱÿÿһӿɬɬ
Ϊɳˣǰһ˵ֻҪ͸һĺˡϾʱ䣬˶ˡ
Լλϣڳڸ֮£סŵ壬ָԾĦ¡ӣԲ
µɴӺ˹ٹٴλȴɴϣΪλ˾н
̧Ϸˣôĺÿоÿһ綼ԼĿϡ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)



42 ȨĲ(11)
ûüӦƼɿԼ
Ŀӵһ˲, 绺ͷȥëЩĲ
Ϊ׼Сӡɿź, Цһ¡
ϴıȽϺ, ɫȻЩ԰ףǺôЩѪɫЩ̾һĺ17֮ǰ緢꽫֮˭Ҳû뵽ȻΪԭҲȥ߽, ֻǱһʳ֮С
С˵һߣԱߵ˻֣˫̴ľƳɵ, һ첼Сֽһ첼ƿ, ŵֻһӡ
С, չӱǳһ, дŵһε
Ĵ˽Ķ, ⼸Ҳٵĺö
Ļǽ󲿷ֵĶѾͳȥˡ
СһһĽȫ˳, ֱ֪һЩϧĶ, ڻ˰ӡ
һΪǻ˴ֱ, ɼ¶ȷʵȽӡôʦΪҲ֪µĺ«浽ʲôҩ
һ, ̧λһˣЩ⡣
˿̫ܲɵ˽⵽жٶ, Ǻ绹Ǻġɼ˽бȽĶ˳
Ȼڱ˿ίʵһٳ, ǺµֻǲԾĦ塣
ЩĶ, ӵҪе, 类鷿ǽĺһڷһֽ𰡣
ȴֻЩǿųһĨЦ, س񣺡ߵл, ꡣ
ɳĬһ˲ó鲢رãΪʲôѵǾ͵ĺ񲻹˼ɴڿ֮е΢΢һ¡
ԭȭŴϣʱȴѾ쿪״
еķŵһѾɵľֻг˵СָĳȴСϿŻƣľĽ汻һ洩һɫӡ
ǳľɡ
Լģԭ͵͵͸ġڿӦòмҪ
ɵֺȻսɫú˵˼صĻֱ硣
ƽᣬԼĸٰۡ죬Щ˴Ʒǻύרŵվǰ٣һߵǼһ
һδȴڹٰģغǰȻͬ
ĹԱڿʵ͵Ķ֮һЩ˲оԼ͵Ķٴλ¯죬һЩòЩԥҪҪǰϾ˭ҲɱԱȵҵһ
ҪûǰĻεؿɾˡ
ջ̫ξһ
ļĹԱҲ׷׵ԼĺܹڴõóֵĶʲôȻȲɵĺ񣬱ϾǿǽԼصĶ˳ҲЩʲ
Ǻֻ̧һǣ׵ĸлһ±ûʲôĻˣ˶Ҳó鲢رĺá
ѲΪ͵ЩٰסԼĳֲһԼĶͷĺ顣ºΪһȥ֮ǳ𣬸СЬ
ûйԱ֮С֡
žžžڰĹ֮Щͻأ󹬵ܱ˿֮
źȻ򿪣ӿһЩŮӡ欣䶯㣬ޡϺȻһ磬öһ̶ˮˮһһ֮Ƿ֡
֮ϣݹ֮ڵľҲѵĹӽǡ
ֲõĹż֮мصôԸ硣
καûĻһԲ¡ǵĹĻ𣿡ϵͳݿ֮зһ£չŴĵϡ
ǰֻǱɽһǡ̾һʲôʱÿһοЩлǻ޵ļȻⲻ磬ȴϤĻÿ͸оصԼһ
һɫǰ˻ȥıǴź·װεŮӡ
˵ݻִĻ˵ɫȴֲȱԭУһѪˡ
ϸشһĿת硣
һ˺ƾƣЩ޹գһۡ
ղģ
ÿιյʱĵʱֻʱǰ֮иĸŻԴӽ촩֮Լն촩ֵͬһġֵģζ
˵Ҫǰո߱ۿ˵Ļ糤ҲͦлѪɫġ
˧һ̲ˡ
輧һеĹԱ۾˼ҵˡ
ϵŲͨߵ·¶˸첲ϴɴʺȹŽӲӵƷ
輧ŽţڹϣÿһŹ˵ý࣬׵س赸֮С
Ȼ֮䣬輧ӹ֮Ϸ¡ĺŵ輧˳ųķƶȥ
Ȼһ仨λмһ輧һԾɲԾͷ
ԻôҪṦа
òṦ赸ÿˡ
ȵȡṦ
ɵһ裬λڿеȥĽŴһ輧輧һԵ˵ϡ
ǽźȥ
ԭϵŵɫֻֿ䣬һȻС
绺̧ͷѵܹĸ֪ԼߵΣա
һȴΪ̫ľֽЩѾǰһѸٵضǰһεĹ
Χû˵书ܹ˲佫̫ξУ˸ӵĲСڵ⣬Ҳûб
ЩЦһֿϣȴѾǰһƵ֮С
Ǿʱ֮䣬
һȻа輧ݺݵ˹ȥ
飡һ輧ĽѾϷһָ֮ԶȴȻƫתһ·輧ȻһɹİӲ롣
⴫ԭפĻæ˹
磬û°ɡ磬ͫ͵סɵֱۣҪסһ
ȴƲɣס˱
ݣ¡类ɵסǰľ󣬵Ǹոǽô
֮Ѹٵس輧ȴûüܣֻܱץס
輧̱ڵϣǲš
ַסɣתǰ棬ȴɵĸһѽϴɫ·ֻͨ·ɫĳ̶ж˵ĳ̶ȡ
£ɣɣҡȴסɣɻصںĻ棬ĿӺ罹ɫ֮лЦһȴһЩѪ
㣡ͱԼһܺ𣡡ϵͳҲŵһʱЩ޴롣
ܸо֮ǰҲôɱһۣʹʹ
Ҫɣȴİһ£ɱˡ
ߵӰͻȻ֣ӺнӹɣṦ˲˴ȶ
ԭأ㶵ĿϵѪ
ʹͷۡ
ЩģĻһоԼЩĻš
ֵסͷ类ڹҲվںߣҪȴƿ
ȥɡ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)


43 ȨĲ12
һ, ЩԱδǼæ˺硣
ȶ
˼ţűع, ˵ߡ
, Żش򿪣Сӳſڣվŵ̫ҽة
ˡСӹؽ̫ҽة˳ȥתǰȴĴ˵, ѾΣաλˣȸūȥƫЪϢȴѹ
СӴЩ˽ƫ
Ѿ, ץصԱ
̫ξǰűСӹ, ЩػͷȴةྐྵȻĺȲ裿
ô, ôҲ֪ðĴ̿, ȻҴɱ̫ξةһ, , ʱ
*
֮, 齱, ˫סɵһֻ֣ԱС
ɸո۾㿴пһ, ˫ֻסԼһֻ֡ɳ⿴һ컹Ǻڡ
ҪڿڸǸոƶо˺һʹ
磿ỽһ, Щɳơ
£͵۾, ͫ׷Ŵ, ɫЩ԰סЩҵؿԱ, ԼŽոĻط¡
ˮգգ, ɫؽԼֳ˻, Ȼ쿪˫ֳ硣
סļһֻɵıҸ£ɷ֣תǰ߹ȥ
Сһֱ䣬ҵĶʱͼæ˽ȵˮݸ˺硣
ؽˮȫ꣬ǸоԼֻ˹Сʵʲô𣿡
£μӹĴ󳼻ƫ桭
ڰЩȣ˻ֱȻȥɣһʱ䲻κιԱ뾩ֱһЩΪֹ
ŵСӻ¡
ֻʣºɡЩԡջȴƳĬ
ҹܾˣɫҲˡһ仰û˵ѹЩ͡
Ҫߣ
ɿŰ죬ֱźĿ⣬һʱûзӦǡҪǲȥƫϢһ¡
㣬Ҳġûпò˵ôһ仰
СžͿˣҪҪܾ
ҲԽԽˣҹ黹ɡû뵽˵仰㿴ʵԼЬӺۡ
㣬ʲôɲԾس濿һ¡
ӿɣеĶͣȫ·ѵֱϻʣһ¡ɵϣ˫סɵ֣ѹϣ΢΢Сıܿɵ˿ڣͷȥ
˵Ҫʲô
磬㡭˫Žߵףһ¿ˮëóë𣿴Ҳܺҧӣкᡭ
ɵһĨ糺죬ŤͷȴһССĺ롣͵ر۾
£߳Ҫ뿪𣿡˵ѹúܵͣɫȴĲ
磬ȥһأܡ˫ֶһ£Ȼͣס졣˲Ŵоǲš
Ӳؿ磬ɲɡɵĺ΢΢һ¡Ǳڵĳ˶ѡ
ʲôȻɽһЩʹ˵
ŵСѸ߽ڣ£ôˡ
һ̧ײЩŵƣ˲ͷūʲôûѸٵת뿪
ǶԱˣ򲻹
ɺͺ뿴СӣֻоԼĶͷֱֽ̽Լ˳
ΪҪ˿ڣЩʵ
»ʹΪʯͷĲۣ˫ضɣ¿ӢΪӵ
Щƿߣȴץס˼
Ϊβҳϣ
㲻ڡЩתͷȥҪ˵⣬ͷȴһæֳ۽ǣôˣ
ްЩҵҪο磬ֻβһỬ䣬۾졣
ûޡһط
úúãûޣҿˡЩεľ˫֣ˣ˵ԼֲǺ磬ҪҲ۰Լûޡ
źֻǶĿԼ̾һڴΧĦ
ҵˣ
סһľСںǰ˻Ρ
ԭʹġЦӣһֳֻŴ齣ָϣһѽġ
ľʵСںǰ
̧һۺ磺ǱȽϳֲһЩĶ㡣֡
ӵס硣оԼϵɿȻ󱻷ӵס
ϺգĴǻһĴһ㶱ڶ𣺡ԺҪˣ
áɵͷ
Щܰ
һ׶εˣϵͳĨĨᣬ˵һ׶εһεʵ̫ˣ첻˰
һ㶣кȻһô磬˴ɴ򢻺ؿںļͷٿһһ
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գɱϢѾ˰֮䣬С涼̸һ顣
˵ʵ̵ġ
˵ʵټ˵ʱ̵ġ
ߵ˵๫ĵܵܵӵֶڹﵱ˵ʵ׸ʵ۵ģרɱʵ۵ġ
жôףҲͱ죬ûٹһˡ
⼸ˡ֮ûӣ⼸Ķѵȫѹ˺ϡ
Ҫһ׶ε鵽ô𣿡
ʲôû˵Ҳڴϣһֻˮһֻŵ飬Ľζ
ɸճеӣǰбٴγһõӡ
£̰ࡣɵһˮЩȰ
һ꣬˺ĴУ֪ˡˡ
һڽʣµһӳ֣꣬ȻקűӳźŲ
칫һСӣһʼǾܾġͲסҪ⼸һֱ
˰úܹܽܵϴ
磬㻹жûꡣȵĺں沿ܵԼļͷһŤͷ㿴һŰĲ
һЩܿˡӦһŴǰ滹һӣְһüͷ
硣ɻһȴûġ
ôˣ±ʣתɣȴֻһ𽥷Ŵס
ĴĶ
ɵ΢΢һ£૵˽ӴĴ䷢磬Һϲ㣬ô죿
ͻȻ
ϵͳļ쳹ɵԺһüɿ
סӣһǷʣµ갡˯һ
£ºһԺпտһƬ
ò㣬ڻδ꣡δ꣡ôܶ㡭ϵͳȻֹԼµְ
ɽָᴥһԼĴоǿϧˡ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)


44 ȨĲ13
ɵ˿Ȼ, һѽûд̫֮µˣֻһ̺ۡ
̺ĸ, Ǵĵ·֮м, ƻ˱СҲҿ̫ҽԺ̺۵ҩȻܳ׵Ľϵ˺ȴǳ˺ܶ࣬һ۾ͱŵһ̶ֳȡ
Ӻ͹棬ǰů¯
λ, һɵߣȻɵָˣɲӡ
Ϊʵ̫, ̫ˡ֪ǰôġ
˹Ȼǲи, ⼸û, оʮһ
Դ, , ۾һգգĶԱڴӵĺ硣˵ͷ, ڽһͷ, ɰ׵Ƥɢŵ, һҲĹˡ
ؿǰӣ޳ָסеı, żüΪա
ֽĶȫƿһſ, Щ桰硣ɢĽһ
, ôˣ̷֮еı, Ťͷ, оǵǡ
ûʲô, н㡣ҡͷ, ǵҪעѣȻҲ֪Ϊʲôôɵľٶź翴Լһ˲͸оǳÿġ
磬ſϣźһ֣һ˫ģź糯Լ߹
£ʲôһҪʱ߳ü壬̽ɵĶͷ
Ϊ˿ڣǰЩ϶ĵգ⼸ſȥ
硣ס䣬糯һ¡˿ЩԾɸһӡ
Щְϡź磬ȻֽԼͷ
˫ֳ΢΢ǰ㣬ͷںĴǣָ̧ں粻עʱһºĶ
λڶһźΧѸһĨɫǺɫΧӿ
úӡѸٵ˿ĺļǵó֮Ľ
ЩĿһɣתǹĻȴһֱû¡һԼĶܸоЩ̡
ɸո£ſڵСӺȻ߽ɵԱ߶
ôµţ֮ǰûж̰ɣһ͹ȥɴָӣСӷԸ
ŵСתС뿪Ӻ͹ߵʱ򻹶һ£ͷҪ˵ʲôǻǷˡ֮鲻һССūܹܵģԴҲûΪʲôԼıֵġ
СӸ̾һ뿪ʱ˳㻹ǸĵعӺ͹Ĺš
ɴ硣
磬ҪҪһȥ¿һһŮ̿ͣ΢΢ֽеıѸٵسߣдЦѯʵ
Щѡ𣿡ĿӱߵıƵɵϣɸûиڶѡһ˾ɲ˵Ҳһȥһġ
ûУָҪԸ˵ĿİĵĽʹڱʼ棬Ȼס֡
˽ֱµĵΣſڣɽһ˲ӭȥֻȿſڽ˵׵ǣһ£Ȼˡ
μ£μ
һ֣޺һһŮ̿͡
ŵں治ɫؿһǰˡ
һʵۣһԹͻʵһжԣǵĻʵۺĹϵɺܺð
Ͼʵ۸ˣ˵´չ˱ºü죬һ˱⼸ûд
˾Ȼһģɺϻһֱһ
ߡĵذԼеɻְָ˷
ѺһŮ̿͵ĵеε棬ϾĿǰΨһһȻȻɱʵ۵ˣȻҪ̷һ𡣱ϾɱͷĴ
£ˣǻûиһ̿ϴָ̡һָһ̿λá
ĺܺáɵͷ
ղŴ·ϵʱǽ͹ˣĿǰûдһŮ̿͵ĿеõʲôϢֻ֪һŮֽ̿عˡ
˽ܣԭ빬һСС輧ǰһҪٰᣬǱ費֪ôͻȻ˺ӣͦƹһ鹫ȷʵһεĻᣬôҲû뵽˾Ȼһ̿͡
ȻֱӴɱһ±ˡ
վڴεǰЩɭ谵ʪĵڵϣһŮ輧˫ֱһߡЩңɫ԰ס
һŮ̿ͱ͹ʱϼӿܣҲǶ١
ȥŪһЩɷԸ
ŵָһȥһЩ顣
Լɵߡ
ǰȴȻסֻ֡糯ҡͷһʵ̫ΣˣǲҪյĺá
ȴѳգʾûйϵܹԼ
𣿡ɽӹ࣬·ڵεſڣȻ΢ʵ
ǱΪ飡ؿһĵòȻļˣĿڴʱǶ⡣ݺݵغ˫ֳŵ棬ҡҡλεȻַסǽڣŵһ
ڵɢζĶӽһһĭ˱ۣе˳ȥ
ԭǳһٺĵӹȥģڴһ˵׵ʱȴһź˹ȥ
ɼʱؽһЩֻ̣ǽһЩɲû
㣬󵨣һʱûзӦͫ˲Ŵָǰİ
ûǰˣ˫Ŀضźβ䣺ô캦飬һҪ㳥
һΪһ仰ʱס͵ؿ˵ʲô
˵ʲôҧгݵһһٵôѵˣΪٽʿѵ㶼ˣ
ԣҲǣڶˣôǵڼ֮µʿӢ飡һжΪ㣬Ϊ㣬ҲͲ
סˣӲĿԺ֮гõļһεĳ֣֮ӿһζ㵽˭
˭ģֻǷߺ޵ĺΪ⼸ֻĳźŭ
ҡ罩ӲŤͷɣҪͣЩˡȲѵġ
㡣ɼæסһֻ֣һֻĺο㣬㲻ˡ
϶б顣
ţ㵱ȻϾһģȻӦúһСˣЦţΪҰŻġ㡪ڳ⣬оסʬ׹˳ǽϣҹҹȫǹ֣
侲֪㰢Ǹ֮ˣЩ鲻ǱϿô򵥵ģҺûô
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
һ£С׼ڶ׶εˣҪˣ


45 ȨĲ14
ѵô𣿡ԥķ
ʲôû, ֻΪαװʵ̫˶ѣµ˶ƭˣʵһ˽Сˣ
סɣҡͷٽ, ŵġ
º֪Լȷʵ֮, ǵҲĵȷȷĽսʿ˳⣬Ǳоնס
֮Щ˻ĸʱ򱣻Ĵս
磬㣡ס硣ǺԾɳԼ˼, ˿ûиоɵض
ɿ֣Ŵʾ⡣Щɻ󣬵ǻǸɵĺ档һͬһ߹ȥ뿪ʱȴŤͷؿһ۰
ĿöɵĿ, æͷ, ֲԾץסԼĿӡС̧, ȴǰֻʣ˺Ӱ
㻹ʲôЦ𣿡һ, Ǻȴԭ, ̲ס̵
˵Ķ, ĸȷȷʵʵı˳⡣
Թĸ׵ġĸһ, ϱ߾ս, ĸһֱפر߽ûлعҡĸ״ûԹ޹ĸ, 밢ҲҪԹԼĸס
ҲƴҪĸ׵Ļ̲סֱĸ֮, Щ㱡Щ֮ıǷŭ
ĸ׾֮ǰ۵ضĸ, ҪǺĸסĸ˵ĸһӢۡΪҲ޷ĸŮ, Ǹǰġ
ƴŻ;Ϊ˸ĸױƻͿҪɹ, ȴͻȻðʵ絲һ
Ҳ˼ع, 
֪ԼĽЩ԰סҲϣһЩ, ǺܶʱǸΪֻܱѡ
ɱ֣ôǰɡֻҪԸúõػš˵֮ת뿪֪ԼʲôˣմѪԵսʿŹ£̲סĳ
Լΰ𣿡仰㲻Լʲô˵仰˼һŮΪһͲӦĳ޶ˣǲǾԼΰ󣿡
ôҸ㣬ҳҲҪĳϡַסǰˣվȻɫЩ԰ף侲˵Ҳһϵһ棬Ҳûʲôʸҡ
û˻㣬Ҷ硣˵һ仰֮ЦһתŲ鸡سһ˹ȥ
Ȼһ仰ֻǻͷһ۰û˵Ȼ뿪ķ߹ȥ
ض£˫ֱסԼȣͷȥȴһ¡
˺ü쵫Ǽǵ統Ρ
ֳһѽۿҪǰȴ뱻Ա߷ɹһӺȻϡ
һס磬ɫڳ֮쳣ԡ
ǻʵۡ
סеУһεĻʵ۸ûʲôϵ˵ʹĶҪ籨𣬵ȴɲҪ˼޹
ֻҪƵλõλʵ۾ͲǺһ
û뵽ǣʵ۾Ȼز©ȻܹͽֽסĽ˴һǣ˸ɵĶ
ˣסЩȡĽ絲ԼʱҪܣȴȻǰһ
һ˳ԼЦ֪Լ϶㲻һ٣û뵽˾ȻӲסһԼͱ˹ȥֻܿҪ
סˣûмˣԼôݡ
Ϊʲô벻ס
Ǿڸղ˴źʱȻˣԭҪúΰ˶ԴŴ뿪ˣѵǲԼһߺ
ģϾô޺磬ѾȲҪ緢֮ıˡ
̧ͷһǰտյĴΡֳݵһݣȻĵŲԼλá
ļǽڵݵš
Ȼóһֽֽܸߵܹõ˷Ǹֽīˮɷдʲô࣬ٴβ
*
һߣ
£ʲôҪԸ𣿡˳ȥ䰴סԼĺģûΪʲôһ
ӱȽϸӣһҪ߾ȫ顣ԡమ˲ˡǰĴļһίεӡ
ܳؼæ£ڵϻشǣƱػһסǴ˵֮ȴûɵĽػ
ͷѲˣ
½˼ǱϵĻһףѲǡ
Ҫ˵ʲôȴ˵
©һ飬ҪףҲҪסɴŽµˣתȴ糯Լ˹
һ£˶˴˵ĻЩεһЩԼĶƿߣת䡣
ҲǱɱ˫ۣҪ顣ͼıһ鵹֤ȷ䡣֮㽫㿴Σ
Ϊû̧ͷΪʵԼȴͻȻһϷ
ΪãֻԸԭ°ǰϾ˺˱£ôǽɱ¡
伱æסԼĿڣĻʵ۵ƨȻҪдʵܵ˺ǻʵ۰
ȴ޾;ˣ簢ԣҳ֮֮ᡣǡɱ⡣
ɴź뿪˴£˳ŵһ̣ȴͻȻס˽ŲֺȻסɣллԸҡ
һ㶣ع˹ǣͷס˺Ķͷ̧ŷ֣ļǼ⼸Ҫˡ
޲㣬Լ˵۹⡣һºĶ޵ΪֹûпˡʧĶ𣿡
ģ֤ôһ졭ԸⲻáȻס죬ɻؿɡ
ȴָŷԼĴǰЩ㲻˵ˡôһ죬޻ɱ㡣
˵һ仰ʱȴĪ˸о
ã۾һ£Ȼûоú£мѡ
һͬصӺ͹֮УСӸǵĺ档ɺȻͣס˽Ų磬ٿȿһȽȥɣһͻ
õġû⣬ɵȽϺ죬¿⡣
ɸСߵһߣСȫ¡Ȼɵߣ£
ô˵ʲô𣿡ĵʵ
£Ѿָʾģ˵ˡһôʣûֱָĳһˣȴģ˵κ˶š
һüͷ֣ȥͰϵһ£Ǳߵôˡ˳Ҽ˵һµ֮ǰ׷ʲôǺسŵһ顣
лҪ˵
q(RQq)


46 ȨĲ15
ɻ˻ʾⰵȥ, תСӳӺ͹ķ߹ȥ
һǰһСӸɵĺ档
ڴʱȽϳʱѾǰʱˡڴĵȼ, ڱࡣ
ƹӳ, ںϡĽëӳһƬ裬űʣϸĿŻûдӡ
Ϊˣһչһ, ǻʣһЩɲ֮ӵòԸӡ
һҪæǰһֱӵģǽζܹ
סʣʼͣѾһʱ, ǳٳû¡
ëʵ¶īˮѾʼ, ƵδΡ
ɸսŵʱ򿴼ľһ, ʾС뿪
СʶȤת, ˳߳ŵʱ򻹰˹˹š
磡ǰ, ǰ, ʲôأ
£ع
̧˵ӡеıʺǰ, ֳȴסˡ
ˡջ, ֱߵ¡ֽǰʵʲôԴ𣿡
㷭һۣȻɻؿ, дĶ޷һЩάĵĻӦò˷ôʱһ氡
ӹɵݹӿһ, һĨ沿
֮ǰûעдʲô, û뵽Ȼˡ
Ϊһ, , һ֮ڷѾһ档
ΪʲôԵķʵ
뵽ղǴӴ, ΪͿ϶ΪһˣΪ޵ˡ
¡ֱס, ˵ʲô޵ġ
һ˲оǱһ㣬ԾؽĿɵջĿȴ˽յϡ
һɵȴ쳣عˡ
罫һֵֻڴߡɤȻŤͷʵҪ𣿡
ҵġһ˵Ĺ¡ԭҪ˵ҵĹ£ǻ߱ȥ
ǵһµ𣿡ɲӦʵ
ǡ˵֮һһ£Цеӣ֪Լ׻ˡ
ĿûпɣĿƵǰϣȻԹԵ˵һҪӺܾǰ·һҺһڵĵط֮ġ
һ߾ź署һ¡
署ʱܳĵһԼѵ촽Ҫֵһˮ㿴ǰ˵ݹһˮ
̧˳Ų豭ֿǰһˡȻɡ
ں署µʱ֪ʲôʱȥһˮҲһԼλáԭں߲֪ʲôʱѾ˺Ķ档
ҲѾַƵӵߡ
мһֱ÷ǳøɾ
ɵӣȻһֻԴһֻֽ豭Ƹ˺硣۾գˣЦſźӹв豭
л¡˳һлոս豭£ȴɽ˹ӡղùһࡣɽ豭ʣµİ뱭ˮȵˡ
֮Ҳûнеıӷ¡
˲оԼֿˡĺᶯ˶ûļ˵ʵ
ȻأһСôˣɵĿеıתƵ˺ϣ档
ǸСӡһ£ʶʵղᵽĹС
һСӵĸ״ʿһؿһСҪĸȴĸ׶˵һ죬ҵս棬ҵӦΪҽΪһΪҵĹսҵҫ㲻ǣûбҪҪ
ĿڻһСӾͱ»뿪ս͵һȫĵط
ڴ˶Ĺңո˱߽׵Ըٺ
ٺһٽҵϻʵһ˿ѪҴ˻ʹȻΪΪ𣿡
绹ûɽĻ˵翴ɣȻӲĵ˵ͷԡ
绹û˵ɽĻ˵翴ɣȻӲص˵ͷԡ
˵֮㿴߹
վںߣӸµؿź硣
Ȼ˺ߡ
ַںͷϻһ¡ֳȻһֻѹסĺԣһֻסļ򣬽ӵԼĻ棺Ǹ𣿡
ˡ
лô߽лôЩһһΪ㵱ʱҲʮȴе˱ͲԼһе顣
ԼǸ
ǰΪϻʵǸ桭ܻٴ˺ҵǸ
ûпЩ㶵ɵĻΪʲôɻ˵ЩֻоԼıЩģЩˡ
һ첻ĺ˵ϲԼһܿġ
绺첲ȻӵסɣЩƵ˵лûϵΪʲôǸûϵ
֮ĲԾ£˴һһôǿҵزҪһЩ.
ϵͳϵͳ㻹𣿡ĬĬغ
ңڡϵͳһЩƮһЩЩĿǻ
ſռһƬ죬ʲô鰡ôˣҲûʲô鰡̼滥ഥ
ϵͳô湷!
ʲô죡
ϵͳղҲǸһ˺Ĺ£ԼצӣĬĬزһ۽ǡòҰǰʱǰôѹ󶼻һý֡
һǵһɣǷɺǵģһڸ֮ʻ̹;һǵ͸¶һ˿˿¡
ϵͳܲܡ
ңȥϵͳ
ȻɵĻû˵ꡣϵͳſռд۵ĺɫҲ֪ɵ뷨ԥһ£ǾȥһΡ
õģҵϢɻ̾һˣָҶһһ޸̺ۻܽⶾҩ
ҩ𣿡
ҩۣɫζġ
˵֮󻺻̾һ
Žˡϵͳ˵֮Ͽ˺ɵӡ
ɻؽںļ棬סļֻƶزǰں۽档
¡һʼûɵͼǾһ˲ɵѾס£ڻС
һ㶣Ȼ׹Ȼ̲ЦһԭЩ˲䱻ơɿһֻ֣̯˫סļ
Ŀضź磬ɿֵһ˲һȻܵɵĿ֮ȴֲԾؽ
ݣ£
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
get


47 ȨĲ16
ΪҪʲôЦſ, Ȼ֮дɻ󣬵ʵȴһЩ٩˼
ңҲǡҪ, Ŀ˰, Ҳû˵ʲô
֪˼ҪҪһԵĻԺҲǲԡǰһ仺ѹƵüͣĩβϳ
˲ͺ
˵ʲô, ôɿ磬ȴһ޹ӡ
ټȥܻᱩߣǼþա
æ, ҾҪһϵ˿ڵ, ûʲô˼ɵִӺļϷ, ס, صȴĻش
һ, ԭһʼ˼Ȼ, ôһʼĵȷȷˡ˵˿Լ˺顭Ĭһ¡
ִӺ˫֮г˳, Ȼһš˴, ȻȥӺ͹ԱߵƫרʵϢģֻȻ顣
ԭסɵֲɵһ, ȻתȥɡֻطԼϡ
ֻǿһ۱, ʵûʲôǺǺɿ֮쳣س
ýš翴Щн, ת뿪Ӻ͹Ĵ档ɵһˮ, ϵͳĽⶾҩ˳, Ȼµ˲ˮ档
ס豭, ҡһ¡ϵͳƷĶһ֤, ҩˮܣȷʵһĺۼ
ԭھᣬǷȴȻϡתѾˡһһüͷ۾һգ˫ַϣһӽ
ϵ˲ɢֽ³һ£ûü·Ȼƫű򿪷
ػͷȴ޷ضɵĿ⡣
ס豭ֲɵ÷ȥһˮĹ򣬾ȻˡҪղ΢һĻ˵ܡ
ɵЩްɽĿԼеıӣڲƺӡ
ǾˣղǴɰ׵ƤԺ֮֡
ɺȻ·ĸOOһüĶȴ˼άӦʱѾס˺֡
ԭϵ·ֱסקһأ
վںǰӣҪ͡ɰ׵ƤߣӳҰĺһĨɫѩʢŵ÷
һ˲ֱɵԺ
оһĿҪԼ͸ոսִɵгȴһĿȻϡ
о˲һͣס·˲ս
ĵȻܳ
ɲ֪ʲô׼ȷ˵Ѿûа취ȥעڵ˼ɼæƿԼߣǴһǶȴҲܹ米Ρһټİ̺۴Ӻļͷı
ԭЩͷ˲Ǳͷһˮ˲侲
ְסļ򣬽ԼĻһۡ米˺ݺύҼιǵĵطм˵ĺۼ
Ƥϴŵİ̺۾ǱˤϵϺõĴŵơɶһ£ͷȻ󻺻ɿ֣ȻеĲˮݵ棺Ⱥȡ
˫ɵݸĲ豭豭֮е¶ȴݵ֮Сһ߿ɵĶһĵúˮԼǲ֪ΪʲôȻһҲˡ
͸ղһսľӦȷʵϲġ
һ¡תŴ߹ȥȻڴ淭һ£ҵˡ
ʵϣȴǱźźûע⵽Լ֮óϵͳҩࡣ
̵ҩࡣ
ޱȵظлŴ·ƣĴڴװܶĶ˷֡
̵ҩ࣬ùġɽںǰ򿪣Ȼ󻺻ؼһҩɫ͸ġҩ濴һʣɽҩͿĨںֱȻȵĨ
ֱܵϴһĨ⣬ǲϸѿͿĨҩĺۼе
ԡɵͷЦһ£Ȼתߵı
ɼҩ࣬һһĨȥ
ֻоԼıɵֲĵطЩһЩ£ҪǳԼɡ
ܿü𣿡һ̧Ҳûֱ̧ɵ
ո˵оһ˫ֿԼıһ˵¶ȡ
ȷȵϢڶһ£ȻĬȴȥһ֧ҩࡣ
ǰԼ㣬ϾڹˡСӰ׼·˵֮뿪ˣҩ࣬ű֮Żתȥ
һЩʧ䲻Ϊʲôɾôˡ
ɽŲæ뿪ƫƫţԱߵǽϴһȻֲһԼı·
ûʲôĶ
̾һȻԼ·մӺ͹ţͿԱվŵСӶûվȡ
ݣˡСӼæղվ̫ˣΪҪٴһû뵽˾Ȼô͡
СӶʱֹסԼ˼
ˣ㱸һ·ϲڴȶҹˡҲϢȥɡСӶʱһϲ˵
㵱ֵʱ˯޷ӣ㿴磿
ūߵл£С˲һ»ǷһϾĹһǷµٺ»Щū澵ıûжӿ졣
΢һǱǰˣÿµӴףƽʱ¸ҲʹһЩȻЩӶ˵˽ǣҲë
ʳ֮ζ֮ϧˡ
ˣȥɡɻ˻֣ȻСԼæȥ׼Ӧ׼Ķ
㻹û˯ϵͳոϺ֮ӣͷһվڹſڡ
ǣϵͳʵ
ǡҡͷ̧һҹգҹչһǺϡ裬ϵͳô˵
ϵͳܾˡ
ϵͳЩʧ䣬ϵͳ˺ܾá
ʧܵǲǺ硣ǱҪͳһԼѺĽ׶
Ҹȡһ£ֻҪͿһֱȻϵͳ˵һλȥ֮˱ͬ£ԼԼ֮һε˾֡
Ǹ˾պΣҲ֪ǲʱһֱͺ磬һͬ°˾ʱֵʱǡ硱
Ҳų̫ļһ˵Եʡϵͳʱ׼һɣһ֮ȥȷһ˵
Ȼɸһ飬ԭӦü֮
վ˵㱳ѵֻ֮ʱ䣬Ҳԭ20һꡣ
20꣬ô磿
ɻͷһԼĹĿް֪ˣϣϵͳسŵ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
get
дһһԤա
ݺ˵żרÿһ㣬Ȼרͺͺġ
⼸½½ĽûзȥԤշŵר档ȤСʹԿһ
͵ԶС


48 ȨĲ(17)
Ϊ, ԭһε糯һֱƳٵڡ
峿ջǰģɴһǷ, 鲻Ը
, 糯Ҫˣ翴Ƶӣ̲ס̾һߴ١
ܲȥ𣿡ڴϣɺ綯̧̧֣ͷ͵ͷ
˵أûֱӻشǷʵ
̾һ, ʵ۾㲻ãıȼ磬˯ıȹۻ, żҪ󹬷漦ëƤ顣Ҳҿûʲôˡ
˵, ЩʵۿɵʱʦĵͿģ
֮,
Ҷɫ, һЩϳһͻôϳ, ֱһĥǻŬصҪ۾
ʵȽǰ糯˵, һ糯Ѿ֪, ǰ˹ܹǡ
, ˳Сվɵһ߸ߺЩ͸, ֮ҲɵΪ֮һ
Ҫ˳ˣɼǿ۾İٹ, ȴ˶úõվ
, ࡣվ, , , йɱһ¡
һ仰˵֮, нͻȻһ⵽ɱԭġ۷׷ףϸԭЩֵĳ˲ЩҺġ
ɽ̾һóֻȸԼĶߴߴҽС
ɳСӻһ֣Сӽӵɵʾ⣬㺰׼࣡
£˿ӱ޸ȥ߽ڵʱ鷢ĵص㣬֤չһŮ̿ʹɱһЩüĿԼ֮ͳһż˫̧ͷ¹Ŀ
һֳֻεķ֣˵üȻһ߲Բĺ磺
Сһ仰֮ȥһż˫ŵݸɡ˹Ȼִ򿪡
ӺܳġɴһŷԸĴ䣬ٵǰһʵԭίӡ
ɿ֮󣬱ֽǰӺϣȻֽСӡ
λҲſһ°ɣ˵㽫ӵݸСӣȻСȵݸĺ硣
罫ӽ˹̧һЦеؿԼɣ㽫Ŀ⻺شɵתǰ档
ĳһһĴдĶǵȵǿԺȴ˵ˡԭΪһһĳ˲һذȥ
λʲô׸ò÷Ǹ÷ָγͷ棬ϷһĿǰһȺˡ
£ΪӦ÷վһĹ١
ŶΪΣɵȻǰ˵ˣ֣ȥɡ
ŵȻ󻺻ȥ
Ա׵⿴ĳȥͷֻһ˲䣬Ӱ㲻ڵ߷Χ֮ˡ
ɵĿעǰվŵĹԱ׵ϣŹԱ׻̧Ȼֽǰֱֱعȥ
£Ϊҳ֮󣬼Ϊ𣬱пԭֻһʱ֮䱻ɱס˫ۣûʶɱˡΪһŮΪػ־Тؿá
ɲͬĻ̫ξһ仰֮˫ֱȭվ粽ߵ˴мȻָŹԱ״󺰵
£ϳһԡ̫ξֳźȻ˵
ǰȻҳ֮ĸȷʵսɳ䲻ţҲǲμӹһս۵ġ
ʱҾ˵оˣֻܹ˻سء

̫ξؽһս˾š
˵ΪгͽȵʶʱѾˣǵжƻѾйܡǵĴѾľŰΧסˡ
ںĴͻΧ֮סšһߣ֮޴İա
оʵ̫ˣǵľӱúܳܽһЩʿϺ󣬵ǵȵǵŵʱ򣬵оҲѾ׷˳š
ĸλҲǳ͢ĹԱǴصһ룬ҪһΣǸõΣ
ʱܽ˽ȥôĲһǵİաһŹؿƹ˽ȥֱĸλ͡ߺߣ
⡭̫ξ˵ҲеĹԱҲǱˣһ仰֮׷׸͵
̫ξ֮ûǰֺ֮˵
ȷʵϳŵܽǰȻͷŵܹ黹Ǹҳ֮󣡡
֪νЩΪϲǰ˵ȻǸҲ֪׼ȻΪôܹ׷ͷϣ
лҪ˵
еۣǧ
*
ĿǰԤնųˣ
˳1.2.᳡3.ѧ4.ǿ5.Э
2022ȡȫдꡣ
ȤСɰԴר


49 ȨĲ18
ֻǾ, ǧҪҿñӡһĹĻ֮Ϸڷһ֣Ȼֱӷ˻ȥ
ñҿɲң˭ҸЩ˿ñӰ˷ŭָŶĹ, ˭֪Ĺһܹ˵ɻ, ô˵Ǹ˼Ժ˭ҳȥ̣˭ԼµĽʿȥ󣡡
ǾǣǰҪΪҲϸһҪĸ𣿵ĸԭѵΪɱҳı߾£Ȼܽĺ, Ϊһ˵ֻǡͶУ
ˣ޶ǵ˼ة˵δɼæֹڽеĻ⣬ټȥƾֱڳ泳ˡ
ɲҪ
תʵһгĬةࡣ
Ϊղ˵еǰ˵Ϊ游, ǰͼϮѾ֤ȷ䡣׷Դ, ȴҴ˱Ķ󡣡
ҹı߾¡ҳŻзܽΪǳȶܱʹ, ǰΪɾǸĸ׵Ĩڡ
ǵĸ, Ϊ, ھо, ΪӦѾӦľϡ
ɻʾةԻصԼλȥˡΪةһʱְ
ɵĿɨǰһ, ޱ˵֮мһ档˵ͼѰ
ǲȥһʱ˽˵Ⱒҳ֮, ޱȻ
λ飿ɵĿȻô˵, ֮һҪı˼ûС
ʥĳ㿴ҿ㣬ȷûһ˵ǰɵĻ, ˢˢعº
泯ķӦ, ȻȻиλ, ôһôˡ
ǰҲ, ʿǵĽƶҲӦˡսĽʿ, ǵ, ޶ҲҪչ˺áλȥ޵ݸ˵һǸԶʲô취
ɻһ֣Ȼ
СӸոմһ˳ǻȵһ仰ͻȻһ
ɫвһɫССġȻ˫ֽŷȥ£߽˰ӼѾҳ߾ᣬԷĿʮˡ󽫾첿ǰӭϿɽʧδ
һ֮ɫ䡣
˵ʲôɵһֻԭѾ뿪Σ׼ź߹ȥϢʱȴԾؼӿŲֱӷɱȥ
Ŀضǰ˫ŷһɫĴ˼һżǼӼܺ
˵߹صķǳҪһѽǰܺ˹Ȼֽŷ⽫Ŵ򿪡
ĵȷȷر߹صĴ󽫾ıʼǣҲȷʵŴ󽫾ӡ¡
ּѾǰ˵ĲǺ
һǵı߾ᣬһȴ֪ΪĿġɽеŷȻֳʾ¡
ӳŴĺ߹ȥһ³֮󹩸ʵϢĵط뿪֮СӼæĸȥǳеĴȴȹϣȥ
ô찡
ǰ
ߴ󳼵ɫǳһһ߽ƫʱ㿴Ѿȴˡ
ʲôСѯʵ֮ĬظɵһˮȻ󻺻ȥ
£ǵĲ֤ȷʵܽŮǰͻ鱨ǱҲڰձ¼ƻ֮еĽСڵϹؽеŷ˫ֵݸɡ
һüͷһŵݲࡣɻһһضȥż˵ģһδ󽫾סһԭҪյ롣
֮ǰʱռǵĳǳأȻո˱߽ǻһǳһֱռš
ܹһνʧȥĳǳոõģ취ǳһԵ޹ʵΪȴǸǻᡣ
ŷ⿴Ȼһȷ󽫾ûгʲô⣿
ûУǲʱʱ̿ػڴ󽫾ߣȷ󽫾֮ǡѾȥϵϵˣƺܿͻϢġ
أڲرҪˣĻū澸ͨһôСԭڵ⣬֪һα»Ͱ̸Щʲô飬ǺȻ˺糯߹
С̾һȻź硣
̸ʲôֻҪްУһСǱ¼ģܽʲôᶨվڱµһߡЩҲǱһһĴȥĹ¶
С˵ʱ㼱æеŷһȼŵĺ򴦾յ
ŷת֮дֵŷһѵĻҽ
ɴԱһרоʲоֽ¶Ļҳһߡ
ԭߵİ洫ӰѸٵʧ˷֮С
ɣû¡֣ȻΧһжõúܺӦûʲôˣ㳯ſڵķߺ
£һ󣡡ո߽㿴֣ɵıȺɫĻ໹Ծţûʲôӡ
Ǻı΢һ¡شʲôûзӡ
ʲô£ɻ󲻽ʵ
Ҫ֧Ԯ󽫾৵һ¾ɵǰȥͷ̧ͷɵ۾
ԲУ֮ɫ˲࣬صһԱߵӣ͵վǰߴӰס硣
һûκءʵʵĴھһ仰ҪȥΪԼȡȫסˡ
ΪΣſڣʳһ仰
㿼ʵʣӿ»ûеսѾˡֽĳ˵޲ǲȥȥǰܹƽƽĻƽƽȥ
Ѿתˣһæش
ܹо⼸𲽵ػָò˶ܹɱС
Ҳ˵ˣֻת⻹ųΪս˵ʲôƭޣɼľܾһ顣
˵˽Ҳã˵αҲá֪ڶ׶εʱѾڼƻһˡ
ҪǡҪǵڶ׶εԲɵĻźһսھԲС
Բµġ缱еҪԼġ
޻иҪҪ㡣
ԭǲֱӸߺģһΪ˴Ҫս˼Ҳֻܹǰһ˵ˡ
ɳСӻ֣ȥة̫࣬ξʷеӺ͹ȥ˵ҪҪǽ֡
ŵСӻӦ֮ȥվɵߣһ˫۾ֱؿɵɻعöϺĿ⣺޵ʲô𣿡
ЩĬҡһͷǿɣƺ̽ʲôشס̲סҪ̽ͼ
ˣһҪİæΪһŲκˡ
˫ֽ˫סѹź˵Ȼɻ̧֣ںֱһǡ
ԣҪ˺𣿡
ЩĴֱǱϿʳһ࣬һսܸоԼǱɳԵһҪȥҲԥ׳Լ
ûһ߽Լֳ˳һߵشûֻоԼûп͸ɡ
ΪɻСʱɣȴ˾ôʱ䣬Ѿһϸĵ
סԼ֣ƫһ˲䡣Ťͷ˸ղվŵĵطšĴ߻ơ
ʲôûУǺ绹ûüϸѾ˷䡣
Ӻ͹ڼϡ
ɵʱة̫ξѾڹˡǿ߽ˣǻʵ۾Ȼֻûɿ˲ɵͷһ
ºĹϵõ𣿵̫ξֻǿһ۱ǵƿڸӹĵǱ߽⡣
ǵڳĴЩͦģСӸĴǶһӡ
λһγкολСӳĬɵԱ߸һӡ
üͷһ壬ҪܾͼԼִɵȵطԼ󱻶ԷǯƵأŲɾȻСָ˹ġ
ɵȣȻĿɨڳˡ赲˾Ȼûз˵С
ǵ¶׷˼Ȼֱ˱µԱߣڳĸλ˼ĿҲԼ˼
к뷨޾˵һ仰֮Ŀɨӹڳˡ
лҪ˵
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50 ȨĲ19
Ĵɵһ仰֮׷һ, ȵǷӦ֮ǼȰ衣ǲȰɣɶȻ
Ϊܹ߹Ʊܹʿԭû̫øе̫ξɵһ֮˲ɵĺøֵ
Ϊ»ȵһ䡣û뵽¾ȻԸֻҪʶ߽Ŀຮ, ԺʲôҪʲôӦûȽһɡ
ǵĽʿԭѾˡû뵽ȵλԺ󼫴˾·ĸֿ֧, ǵĽʿԲůںϽ쵼£ǿʼڱ߽Ͻ˵Ҳܹǿǿӡ
̫ξȻĳЩȷȷʵʵػӹһЩ簮˵һӺȵһʮʮ, ˰˵ֻҪԼû⣬ԺҲõġ
£ίʵס
翴ɵ֮дһԹѵ㲻Ҫȥ̵ԭΪҪԼȥ, Խˣ
ɲԾرܿ翴, ȻһԼĶ
ܸоԼһɳźЩĵЦһ£޾, ޴˴ǰȥҲΪ˿һ±߽յ״
ʥ, ߽İ֪ô, Ȼϲʤ, еӭ̫ξ֮æȥ, ԭŵɱϢһЩ, ɴ˿ɼ̫ξķǳĸˡ
ʥĹԱԭҪٴȰ˼Ȼ̫ξһƵĻشĵؿһɵɫ, ɲʲôΥ˼Ļ
Ȼˣֻաұ¼ȻѾ˵϶һĿ, Ψһ̫õڱ», ϥҲûʲôáһҪǳʲô⡭
ة࿴һ۸ĺ硣
һüкȻڳ֮ϵദ, ûʲô̫⡣ǡΪ̫ˡةвŲɵÿһ
ǡڻûлȢ
ةֻа̾ϢҪȵ»ʱñ¸һ顣
ة໹ǰסԼ˼ϾǽĿǰ߽漱ӵҪһ㡣
*
峿, ԭӦһ졣Ϊ߽, λǱ֪Ҫϳûüȥ, ѾܹõһĨȺɫϼ⡣
ڳ֮ԼҪϢ
ĹԱ̧ͷһǰļˡة̫ξȻûг뵽ʱ½⼸Ա˹ȥѾЩҪĹԱһһ¡
ͬʱةศ̫ξӱͬʱѺݡ
һ죬ϴսۣڵ۾ɵ·ϼе͡
˵¾ȻҪǶΧۣǱߡЩվȻŵ̧ɵӡȻæͷס̾Ȼӣ·һ֡
ѹʱͷѾ뿪ˣСӻڴȶ档ڴϢæӭȥ
أ
һ֮ǰո뿪ʹСӹһش·ԸúϢɣȥˡ
˱̧һ۵⣬ʱѾʱӦûûпΣڸϹȥпܼɡ
Ѹٵػصڵ·Ȼæ˹ȥСһҪȰ硣粢ûСӵĻСӵͷ뵽ºĹϵԼķԸĬĬȥԸ˸籸
ʱһߣɺ̫ξվڳ¥ϡȺÿһ϶ɫ£ϴŷĿס
£Ѿ׼ˣǷ̫ξվɵߣֽסϹŵĳĿɨӹ¥¡̫ξЩַܶڲԾ΢΢
ܼûп̫ξתĿȴǿʹڵķҲ֪ûУСںһ˲ס磬Ҳ֪ûгɹ
ɵĿŵЩգҲ֪Щʲô̫ξֻɵĻشɣʱѾˣ
ɺ̫ξ¥һЩԱǵĺ档ÿ˶ֵúܼû˷һֹؼʱȻ
ɷɫ󱻷紵ŻһĻȡһֻסһֻס߹ŵı
ѽǺϵʱ͸ġɵָԾһ½ȻƼ̫ξ߸ߵǰķһӣ
ˣɵĸոջĿ⣬󷽴ɻȴ緭һ˹
磬ôˣЩʵڹϢൽôɵɫЩ࣬òϵڿӰʱȷʵ˷ܡ
ǸΥʥˡվɵ࣬ͷϵһˣӽضɣҪ˵ӡڹһ
һ£ȻȻ뵽ʲôȻź֣
粻ĳɵķٴοһɳü
ɵĿ΢΢һ£ѹü͡Ǻʱǲɵһ㶣ŵؿɣȴоԼĶϴ
һ˲ͣͺ̻ԼԺ֮ըκġ
£̫ξԶңңغһѾһξ룬ҲѾɢˡɾΧû˿Թġ
ߵ΢΢һ£ҪסԼĶͷǶЩ٩ĿʱȴѹסԼ֡
ԣһ̫ξĴߴ֮һºͷ
ɵӰںǰ뿪վԭ۾һգգؿһӰֱʧӲתͬͬŵ̤Լǰַϵëһֻ̲סЦ
֪ʲô˿ź˫ǼæرܿˣȻ뿪ʱ򻹲ܾûͷһۺĵ˿֣Цֿ޵ġ
ܵԱ߳Ͷߣֲ۽ȻɿķȴϵػصŸղɺ˵Ļ
תŻʹķ߹ȥӻʹʱЩ䣬ɵʱǿӲԼû⡣ڻʱ˭ܹоĿġȻû˵·ĲӶҸ
Ա߾Ĺصͷں뿪ֻ֮ضһۡȻͱµĹϵһ鶼Ǽ󣬱һ뿪Ƕôؿİϧ¾Ȼﲻһˣ
ȥ֮Ҵҵسһ緹Ȼʼӡ
һӺ͹棬СӴӺ͹ĵ⡣רŷԸģڻʹڴ顣
еѾܾûзˣ˼ʲôһеӣȻֽԼڲľʵС˳
ľմȾź¡ɺ˵һʱʱ̵̿ĸԺ֮С
޵ԽɽΪƸ֮á
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
ȡ硣


51 ȨĲ20
ɺ̫ξһͬ, ǵ߽ʵ̫ԶǵһٶӦǳĵս¡̫ξ⼸ҲǷǳġһεо֮пǵ˱µԭǵĽȽ˵˲һ㡣̫ξ⼸涼, һʹ, ҳԡ
ɽ̫ξйһ顣̫ξֱ֮ĴȣоԼǳ˼ڿԵõ˽е˲ߴ˲١
˵һ֮뿪̫ξӪʣ̫ξ뿪ԺæӪȥȻһȭԼһ, ̫ˣԺ˭˵µĻҾ͸
̫ξæÿӪǰ, ˳ȥӪǰʿȥ֪ͨӪ
ŵʿȭת뿪
̫ξ̧һϵ, һ, ԭӦó¹ҹҲж
⼸һֱһڵʱǾͿʼӪկ, Щ·ֻڰʱӿƽ
̫ξ̾һ, Ա», ֻϣʧٵĴ󽫾ܹȻ̫ξ߳Ӫ, 洦תһ¡
оĹ֮ǲ, ûþߣһֱԵҲǸʳ, ҲˡӪ֮ҹʿҲģ̫ξû뵽ǾȻܹ¡
ΪѾȥˡ
£̫ξǰȻɵ߹ֵ
ɡɵصûлͷ, ĿһֱԶ
¿ʲôˣ̫ξֱ, ˳ɵĿ⿴ϵһʵ
ε֪ɻʵ
ʱ޶Ҳῴ˵Ȼ˼, ǳ˵ֻҪʱʱؿһ, Ϳ֪ĸ˶ų
̧һ֮еһ¡Բȱ, , ֲǱ˸ôС
е㷦ˡȻԼӪˡ¶Сġ˵һ仰֮صԼӪʡոÿӪʵӱ㷢ְѾ档
£ԸġеĶطɵϡ
ˣ﷢ֵģɴ߹ȥһ
£Ϸֵġ
֪ˣȥɡɵһ壬ȻֽԼŵһ島˳һԱȡ
ܾ£ȷʵ̵ȫһĻ
ùȻ֮ǰ͸ġղóһǺ֮ǰӺϳ塣
ĬĬؽԼϴһʣдţȻŽһ档ȻһǷŽһľʵĺ档
һС滹һЩĶ
һͷһƵķڣȫżֽӷŻصԭ
죬̫ξȷ뿪ɴŴ󲿶Ӹں档
ߵĽԭЩ̫⡣ҪɺȻҪתнķҪŴ󲿶һС
ȻСȷʵǷǳĿ죬һСȴǳױ
һ̫⣬ҹȥ֮ͬеͬ߿࣬˵ǽơ˵ʲô粻ͬеĽֻһüͷ˵ʵ˵öͦеġ
󲿶һߣǱ߹صս³Խ٣ȴӦþظϹȥһС·Ҳȷʵᱻ
㲻ҪϹˣߣֻҪ͸¶Ϣܹȫعȥġճµһ߶һ£ȻЦһλԹ˵ļ
ܹ飬ǻǴƴҲûʲôġ
ҹڴϣһذףۼ¡
ˣϵͳ͸˲䲶׽ߵӪſڵһĨӰ
Ȼڱ˿Ǵ̿ҹںڰ֮Со;ûлһҹ
仰˵ʱˡ
վǴ򲻹߿ƼֶΡ
ϵͳĻ棬һӰȴܹġһһ¶ϵͳļ֮¡
˵Ĳúᣬĵز
ڴϵһ˯ˣô˵ǳɹġ
ˣһϵͳȻѣһ߿õսľ
Ǵ̿͵ؽеذ׳ŵ̵м˹ȥû뵽ǣϵ˺ȻóһѵõסĹ
ԷһǴ̿ͻûüڵϵ˾Ȼû˯
ɵذѾ˵ȥ
ƺһеذȥȴɽסӪʵӵסĹ⣬˻ŵسǰȥ־ȻĳӪܹȥ
ȥʱȴӪ洫кɱˣ
ڴϣ°һһؽذײɾ۾мسŴ̿ķ˹ȥ
˵ҵı£׼ԺһˣҺҲôСزϵͳɵΪǳĲ⡣
㲻ɵסذס
ذ淴⣬ֱǶźɫ鱦ذײذʣȻŴ̿ذף˳ȥ
£λճµĽȻ˹ͷԼºȻµذף䵭˵ϰƻ£󽫾ǱӦõȵüˡ
ŵ½ȭȻȴһȷǰû֮Ż̧
ǰѾûɵӰظµذ׼Ȼ첽ߵԼӪ֮С
ڽӪ֮صضһԼĽţȻ˽ȥѵһ½ذӵ˵档ͳ½˯һһ͵ؾѣȻ󲻽ĺʲôӸ˯ţ
⵽ɱˣҲ֪ĻȻһ飡
ʲô˾ȵʵˣ϶ǳˣֻǿ϶Ҫֹǽ߹ء
Ҳġ¾Ȼ˵ҿʱûиҹ½һۣȻֽذ׼װĵ˵
ʲôʵ
㾹Ȼ֪½װȵӣͷǿסЦ⣬кɱ˰ʱһ׼ҹǱ¾ܾˡ˵Ｘ˾Ϊˡҹ
ģɻؿ½
½ûк˵濪ʼɧȻѸٵ׺Լף첽˳ȥȥܲܰæ½Ѹٵ뿪ıӶһ¿֮кѪζ
֮˻ˣԼ󣺡Ȼ˸ܵˡ
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ڶ峿ʱɺȻյһţȻǺĹġѯǵĽġһ±̻˻ȥбʲôû˵޷ǾһЩ֮ľӡ
յɵĻŵʱĵһҹû˯ţȻǺˣ
ǴŴ󲿶ߵС
߶쳣ĸߣľܲɳų½֡
ߵõʾ֮󣬱ǰ죬һӵȥ̽̽·
λ˲ǳ½Ӫһ˭
аɣ˳С߹ȥȵߵ֮ǱɳһСѾȫˡ
֪ˡɻ֣žС̤
ǶȻѣ£Ǹ
½ͫ׶ʱһȻɽҲ˲ѣ˾ֵãˣ
ûʲôü۲ǰȴɽҲûйʯ
סˣͼƻһ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
get


52 ȨĲ21
׳աɵ˵һ䡣
˵ʲô½Լܸղˡ
ûʲô, ˣѣ·ɷԸǰ, ʿϿȥ
챻Ѻھӵ, ô벻Լα¶ġ
½Ҳһ飬ֻǵؿһۡ
һ·˵ôô򵥵鶼ףǲǰ׳ġ½ʶȤûʵ
½ɵ֮Ҳûмѯһ, ϾҪñ֪ԼȻһ鶼ƻԼʺϳΪ
ʵûп
Ѳ̫˵Եʡ˵ʵоҪ̫ξӦҲϾо̫ξû
ǳ½ЩɲҺ˵, ҲֻĬĬ߶һ¡
ϾҪǶʵ۱ǿɾ̫ˡ
ɿ½ûм׷֮Ҳһ, Ͼ߼˵ȷʵҲһʲô⡣а
֮ǰ˲ʱ˴˵Щ, ӹĵ˭
֪Ѿܹҳ, û뵽ǰһ龹Ȼһֵ֡һöӱһλ콫
ͨһλ콫˳, Ȼ鵽˳档
һλ˾ȻǳĹ塣
ǰȴһͨˡΪĳһĳ˲ͬ, ӵع˵ĳ, һλױ
ǲ֪Ϊʲô, ڳһλȻʼ, Ȼͽعڡ
һٴ뵱ȷȷʵʵĵعһ𣬵ҲҿкϾԼڡ
Ƕس˵, ӢʽˡֻϧӢڣ
ɸ̾һһӵ߹һС·, Ȼٳű߾Ϲȥ
ٽҹʱ½׼ýʿǰӪկ, ϾʱǶһʱʱʼϢ
һȴֹס˳½
£½Щɻ
ԭϢ, һ·, ɫȽϵ, ȡ߹ءɵĿ⿴֮еȻƿ߷Ը
ŵ½һ㶣ŸһλĵȻʲô
ôصǱ߹صΣô֮ǰôΪҪŴнȻ̫ξ뿪Թ콫¶
½Ŀ⾼ĿǰһˣȻֹȭɫػ뿪
ǸºԲʲôֵֹĶҪҪһ£ϵͳһ߿ų½ԻüᶨȻһݵĿɣɵԼצסԼ
Բһֲΰ
˵ʲôһʱûзӦûп½ʲô⣬ϵͳ˵½⣿ԲԲʲô
ûʲôϵͳҡҡͷսԼͣѲɻҪ˵ղſյһĹСܣϵͳŲӵأ
ɴŴ󲿶ҹ̣һʱ֮Ҫ˱߹صĳš콫ʾʿҪټǰǵ֮̽پҪҪǡ
ʱôڳ⼯Ѿһʱˣڱ߽һаá
·ϵʱǲܹ߽ܵϢӮսۣعӮ˼սۡ
ǾǿʼϢʱ򣬺Ȼһսʿһƥ˹ȥԶԶؿԶĴʱȻһ㶣ҪܣȴڿŵĵʱǷɱ
½ǰɵǰ
˿½ԺǿԼһ
æشϷһԾȻһ˹еһŵݵ˳½С
ʿЩ˵̫ξȥΧܵһСɳʿǱ壬󽫾ѾȥӪˡ
һС˵֮½̾ͽеŷ˺ȻԵһۣתŷ⽻ɣóǰȥ֧Ԯ󽫾
ֽӹһţֽһġʼҳȷʵǴ󽫾ģһģһֹס˳½Ҫ˵Ļء
ѸٴǣȳеľӻͣмǲҪŵеİգԴȥ֧Ԯ󽫾
˵һ仰֮ڵϵʿͳ½˲סˡ
һʿǾ㵵̧ԼͷĿڴɵĿʱ˲ֵȥлɵһκˡ
˾Ǳ£˵ҪȻġ¾Ȼˣ
ǳ½ȴҪֹ
Ͼǻʵۣһи̵Ŀɲá
˵һʼΪľǱֻҪϳ¥ʿǼһѾȻ˵仰Ϳˡ
ʣµʱֻҪȵĴڴ֮УʱЩ˰½
һα¾ȻҪսôСԣ
Ȱޣ޻ûҪԼϵӡ޴ް̡֮ɴһ߹ŵĳ½Ȼתž߹ȥ
ɵ֮˻½ڵϡ
£½Щ̫ȷʵ¿ǻתˣû뵽ǡɾȻֱӴƿˣȻߵһͨ籨ŵʿǰ棬Լ˵·
˵֮ͷҲطһʿɵĻ֮æҲԼȻŴ뿪
ֻ³½Ŀ㶵Ŀһ˵ӰʧԼ֮С̾һֻܹ𵽱¿ǧҪʲô顣½Ȼʣµ˽ǡ
سǵԶԶر㿴ǣһ֪ͨڳǡ
󽫾Ǳһʦǰӭǡһʼǻģڿͷǳ½һϼһʱ˲ˡ
ǰʱ򻹺ͳ½ദ
ʦĺͳ½һкȻĵѹһʵ¿
½һ仰֮ǳ̾´žȥ֧Ԯ󽫾ȥˡҵȰúþӣȻ󾲴ºʹ󽫾
½˵һ仰ʱľʦļ򣺡ˣûʲôܵĵΣ·ϴһͽ
ͽʦʱȻŤͷһ£Χûʲô⣬ʿӦҲȿǶ֪ġ
ʦ˲һס½Ȼһ˵һ飬ȸҽǡ
*
ģǲʶôӪľ֮һ֮еĲ豭ݺݵطԱߵ棬ҵû뵽ƽʱʵﾹȻ顣
˲òࡣһλ˱£Ҳ֪οġһ䣬Ȼ۾Źؿ½ҪõʲôϢ
½εЦһ£۾ֻܿķҪ˵һҲǲ̫ġôܹ˵ԼʵҲǲ֪أ
ЩһֱӪ֮еȴţԼҪڵʱ򣬺ȻӪʵ洫Щ
Щ˻࿴һ۶ԷȻһ˹ȥ
ɵվŵǴ󽫾Һվŵ̫ξȻڳ߹
ȵЩӭȥʱǺȻ󽫾ԹԵǰһ̫ξȻҲ˴󽫾
뵥ϥ˫ֹȭк꣡
Ҳ׷׹£һʼЩ˷ܵʿһʱ򶼲ɵһ㶣ղŴ󽫾̫ξ˵ʲô
ݣ£Ǳɴȳ˸ӵţǰ꽫Ȼǡ£
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
ϵСHEԷġ
ŶԤЩӦþͿˡ


53 ȨĲ22
ԭЩԽսΪɵĵȻ˲١ڶϳʱܹ֤֮ʤʡ
ЩʱǻǻִԤĿǰ˵ֻһζѡ
ǶԷҲ֪߻ԮϢ, Ҳ
˫Ŀǰڽ״̬
*
ʱĻʹ棬ĹŽգһӰͣڹȥ
Ż, Χİ迴ҲֵơŮ߰ο, ڻʱ䡣
֪ҾżҲ֪ʶڵôˡŮת, üĿȻֵơ
һƽģ²Ѿɾȥӻص𣿡ο
ǡ˻û˵źȻ
ˣ
ַ巹, ˵һ, ûټ˵
˭ѽ, Ϣ, Ҫź򣡡ɿ, Ȼǰȥ, ַסſȻʵ
ūʳ, ڼ
Ǽﲻֶ, Īʹ˵طɣԷĻش֮һȻʵ
ѵǾ𣿾˵˵Сϲū澼ǴˡЩյ˵
ŵһӰ뿪֮Žؿ, ȻһţѸٵؽſڵһżȻΧûѸٵعϹš
, ˡŷ̽巹˺ŷȻżݡ
֮һ, һż˰ɣҪȥ¡
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ҹʱ, عľӪ֮л⡣
λ, ˶εԼλ档
ɫĿλɳ̡Ÿɫ, иɽģ͡
, ֪ʲôʱᷢǼȻһֱ˱ȥصͼıΪӦȨԼС˵һ仰̫ξ
ԭʳָһûһµŷ֡һ仰ʱȻָͦסȻ̧ĵؿ̫ξ
̫ξɵе˼ǻȵ˵ʲôӪʵȻʼ֣ʿŻ׷ʲôһȻһ˼˽
Ǹղŷһͼջǵݵˣ̫ܵˣû׷ϡ˵ͷش
أô̫ξһ仰֮ѸǰһһСʵ
ûû¡һСһ仰֮æظû£Ƿֵüʱ˻ûжֱ㱻Ƿˡ
һ仰ʱ̫ξɿԼ֡ǰСоԼӱ֮æصͷվһߡ
Ľһ仰֮ҲһûгʲôͺáǾȻҪŻջݣֱӶϵǵĺ·޿̡
һϢ֮󣬿һΧˣȻȥǱ߿һ˳ӪӦüǿһѲ
ԣǾȻܹöԷУôܹǵġ
ɴһ˳ȥһСǰ·ȵǼ˵ʱ㷢ݵΧѾǿһоա
϶ҪԿɳ̫֮ξѲһȻѲѾµһѲŵͷʿ
ŵվŵ˷׷׹Ļش
ɿΧѾûˣֵָ΢΢һ£ޱ赼ȻѾûˣȻȥ
ɻû˵껰󽫾ȻɽҪ˵Ļϡ
ֻ󽫾תȻѸٵؽԱ߹ŵĹ
乭ֻವһ
Ǽ˲˳ȥ
ɳǱߵķһ£Ȼ㿴˺һɫ֮Ȼ׹䡣
ǡɵ˲һŸ룿
ȥɻָʾеһʿһ߹ȥԭصкȻ˲õԤСǧҪ֦
£һֻŸ롣˫һֻŸ롣
ŸϺȻزһ֧һ֧ǸղŴ󽫾ȥһֻ
ùɱֵһֳֻȻǰ죬ȻʿؽŸСæؽŸϰŵŹż˳
£˵ʲô
̫ξЩ棬ļ໥һֻۣɵɫԽԽѲɳʲô飿
˼üŪۣջƳȥ̫ξǰȥһµ׷ʲô顣
̫ξſһ£ҲԾشһĲ
ûп¶ı飬ֹסЩңŲҲЩƯĳȡ
ֽһ߬ԼУȻȫǣϱ뽫һݵ˸ҳҪҪʬ
ɵһӣһķ硣̤תӪ߹ȥߵȴϵؿʼս
£˼æں棬ǻûеȵߵӪ棬Ǽ˱㿴ɵӰȻҡҡ׹վȻֱӻ赹ȥ
˼æǰְ˽ŵؽŲ˴ϣҽ
ɱŲϣָɿԭ߬еֽҲ䵽˵ϡ󽫾ֽһֽʱҲɵͫһʲô鰡
ܣ󽫾Ҫеֽ˺ȴؿסļˣдһǼٵġ
浽дʲô̫ξЩһȥһֱ˹½ҽҽΣһӪʱ㿴ЩͷɥģӪ쳣İ˵ı鶼رĺãͺ˪Ӷ˰ġ
ǵôˣ½ɵʵ
ǲû˻شһ⡣
һӪĽ䱸ɭϣٽĳǳҲ⵽˾ӵأƱҪҳһˡ
գڴϿǰŵɫҪ飿
£ƲпǱҪȻû롣㣬в֮ģҲǴһʱڰ󽫾˹ڵɪɪĻش
ˣŭһѵʵǰô죿
˲ͷǵȥ̫ξߵʱǼʶºȷʵ޼䡣ڵС
ҪǱ»Ҫв֮ģôȵǻȥʱǾĻ桭
뵽һ鲻ֹ̫ξһˡһ׮̸ܸоԤıһֻϣǧ˰
£Ѿҵˣ˺Ȼ˽ֱԽǰĽȻ󹧾ȻеĶɡ
ǰĽɵ̧ͷҵǲǴлϴԼϵɣ
ǵǿվߵϴŵ·ʱ򣬻ǲɵһ㶡ʲôӵװǾȻûھ˵·ǾӪκһ·
лҪ˵
q(RQq)


54 ȨĲ(23)
ǻǴ󽫾ʶ, ˳·Ӧǻʵ˽еİ
⻹ǵһμڰֵΡ󽫾̧λɣΪҵ˾Ȼɳȥ
, Ѿ, ֻϷɽԼеĶ֮˵
¡ɵĿްĿе塣ðӺõһģһ
ɵֲԾһ£һȥ
䵽ϵûˤֻǷû
ɵؿסεķ֣ʵǻʲôҪ˵ģ
¡⡣󽫾ֽǰԱߵ̫ξ֮ɵһ㶣ⲻġ
̫ξĻû˵, Ƽɵɫʱ˲ֽߵĻȥ
̫ξĲ֪Ǳʲôⲻǽ·ƣ
ֻǺƣ̫ξæһ¡
ȴλЦһʮʱ, ڹԼ֮Ƶüеֻ֡ƵͼֽȻܹɽ̶
塭󽫾Ҫ˵ʲôȴߵ̫ξһһ, 󽫾̫ξѹ֮ǰġ
󽫾˲佫ԼеĻȥ
ܹõ, ֮˱ֻԼ˰ɣ
һžȻƶԷΪһ仰ֱ, ȻֻǶ̶̵һ, ȴ֪ǶȨʱ
һƱ
󽫾һ¿ˮ, ڼ, ǺϽһֻǼϽ֪
ڵһս֮, ֪һӦþʣ̫ξˡڡǷ֮е֪粻ǺϽӵġ
ɹǲǱԵݣǵʱ»ûг, Ͳ֪һ鰡
󽫾סֲԾط, ֲ֪˵ʲô, ĴסزѵĿ
, ǰ, ֽ󽫾е˻, סֲסս, ɫЩ˵Ϊ޴ῴˡ
ȻӪʵ洫һ£һԳǳʹߣҪ˱顣
һ㶣Ȼ䵭ĳ溰󽫾ɻ󲻽⣬ôȻ˱⵽׷ʲôһһڹϡ
ŵ˹ػش𡣲һ㿴ʿѹһ˳һ˹ȵ߽ʱļ˵ûпʲôɵһ㶣ɵÿʵǺˣ
ɲǰֹ˱һ£ڲ˭ⲻҪɡڻһЩһ߾λˡ
ʶˣǳعһλսΪҪǽͣЩĵؿǰˡ
沿мƣǲ˾Ŀ
ֻǿһɾ͸оԼúܶࡣ
ϧһεޱȵʹԼɡ
£ǰʽֹ̽ںһ¡ʵҹԸǳػȡ絽ҳͬʱҹԸ˱ɵʻ֮һ㶣æȻ˵
̫ξָ߳ŶԷ˵ǰδδŵ飬³Ŀɾӡ
λˣ仰˵ĿɾǲˣǺ籾ӦҳʿҪǵսұǺν˹ȥ
ף󽫾һ仰֮ͥǳ㵽֪֪Լ˵ЩʲôǺϽ֮ӣǳ֮һ˵!
󽫾һȻ˵£һֱԱĹ!
ûк˵籾ҹµĺӣҴĻӡΪһЩԭʧҪǲŵĻѯǵǷѾҹ巹ϵ!
ʹһ仰֮ЩߵֲסսǿڲԵؽһЩȫ˵˳˵֮Ȼʼ
ֵĿλɡ
ʹԶɽˮ·Ͽ·ǳࡣȽʹȥһȴʹˣ
½űµɫԽĲÿвɵĿһ£ʲô鰡
ĪĽӵżųܹ˵ǳˣⲻõڱµͷȥһ̣
Ҫ˻ǳʹϵӡŶġ
Ѱ顣
֮ǰġ
ǳˣǸʹ˵Ҳģôھ޷
¡½ɹ֣촽鶯£ȴû˵
̧һۣЩЦôǲΪǲ׾ƫ˲Ե˰ɣ
ûһԸʮֵĲã˭Ҫȥ˱µüͷôȴǵĲʲôùӡ
ҡһʵΣ
Ŷҵı£Ȼһˣֻǽ类ϻسľǰôһѰˡϵͳɤӸɡ
˵˵Ӧô죿ĵİѵе壬˵񶼴һ˿ɢ
½ֲԾĲһ£ǰΪʲôܹô侲
һʼϢʱȷʵЩŭǺԴһλʹ֮¾侲
һʹȻҪóǳػȡֱּҪ
ӦòͬҪ󣬵һϢų˵ð
ǼٵģΪֱ֮ӿֻм֮㡣һ֮£Ѿٶȼ
ǣҲ벻ʲôһȻ崧ԼĻУ˳ȥ߳Ӫʱ󽫾ȴȻͷ洫
˴ž˵ˣҹ˼鲻ض˵޲ϣ߹صһ鴫ĶУпŰɣ
߳Ӫʣ̫ξȭֲסսѲıǣ
һߣԶھǵĺűЩŵؿŸղű͵ԼеżΪո³Եʣϵĳûü۵ĶƵһšõСӸŵһЩǮ
СӵҲʱʱ̵̿űµʱ֮ǰһźСӽ˴Ժ󿴼ıӰŸղյŵʱ֮زסЦⲻɵ̾һ
˵ң˳ϲۣ
Сӿ첽æ˺ĽŲں֮ʼոһľ롣СӵͷںţǺȻĿһ˿˿ɻ˹ˣΪĲߵôؿ졣
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
get


55 ȨĲ24
СӾԼҪûмǴĻ, ֮ǰΪԭҪµĲ塣
ôڱ²⼸ʱȻýվȻ
ΪֻҪ壬ڿ񲻽һӡѲĲѾȫˡ⡭ô!
СӵĽŲɵһ, Ĳסؿʼ³
, һܹһҪ߱£
ͱ֮Ĺϵôġȷʵȶ֡һϲµǻãΪܵ˱µвίߡ
ôɾͲðˣ
С뵽ʱѾͷ󺹡Ҫ֪˱°顭
е̸߱£
ǻȵ뵽θ߱µķСӺȻоԼײһ¡
ֻҴҵػȻԸ
СӸײЩΡ
ڵôˣôȻҪ˱
סżֲסս
˵²Ⱦһ, 鷴޳
滹дűݻԶ֡
ʺϳ;档Ҫ߹һ
翴żһ˲ͺ޲ܹ뿪ɵɵߡ
Сɣ˵Ǻһִġ
СʱһҲԵ޹ʵӹر
ʱԼ廹Խ̸ܹɵĶ, һЩǿķӡ
ɲ֮ǰԼĵסһǴ̿͵Ϯ, ڻȾ˷纮
ҧ, ޲е, ɵκ鶼ܹúʧǡ
Ҫǻ, ºһ±ܹó˵, һʱ俴, һ©ٳ, Ҳ϶ỳһ
һƫƫᵽɡ
ٶ˵۾Ľӣة, ʷලةࡣйطСةΪشҪ߱»֮ᡣ
һЩ֮, Ҳ볯ű߽һطϹȥ
ҹ, ڵ˱߽
ǲñʲô, ·߼ʹһЩϢ, Ҳ˲˼
֮ں, һڡ
ʱʶԼĸʱѾ˸
Ҳһ껨, һǳʹ࣬Ҳβã
û뵽ܹõɵĻӦ
ǱǧĽĻڵõĽࡣ
˽õɻӦʱֻԼϲ
Ҳ˵ݲ࣬ǱҪԺ
֮ǰô˵ģһҲǺԼô˵ÿһںɲʱԼлǻһɬ
翴ǰ޽ĸߴĳţǵӣԼ֮ǰļ˺ܶ࣬·˶Ҫϸϸ̲顣
絹һ𾪣ֹͷ֮¶·˼Ҳ϶Ǻġ
سǵ˿ӻóĶ֮󣬽ؿһȻ󹧾ؽ磺ί΢ȴһ£Ҫȥ֪ͨ󽫾
˵Ա̵ĳ󽫾ڵķ˹ȥ
󽫾˴Ϣ֮ɵػһ´ߵɣ£
󽫾û˵Ļȥ˶֪󽫾û˵Ļʲô˼
ȻˡǶһˣ˵۾ֿɵõĻλ
ɵ۾΢΢һ¡
ûлӦ󽫾ĿȴŵЩգǻʲôһɷߵȴ˲ս
ˣȻˡ
ҪǺһϢʱûô졣
ʱżȻ粻Ǿ˵ԼʼձȲȨںеλãȻʲôҲ̫á
ǵϢʱȴ֪Ӧô졣
ûԤĳ
û羹ȻܹôõĻᾹȻԸеȨ
ɵԾĲһ£ָԼģú
˵һ仰֮㽫ֱæĳԼӪʵķ߹ȥֻ󽫾һ仰һаռƻ¡
ŵ󽫾ɽԶȥıӰ
Ȼתųſڵķ߹ȥ
Ǿ뿪ԺһӰѸٵشڵλһӰķȻǳʹڷ
Ŵ󽫾ߵ˴ӪʵĵطȻֱӽɵӪ֮С
̫ξԼ˶վӪ֮Уǹֵֹڴϡ
ɫЩ԰ףĶʱɵһü
̫ξһ˿֮Щ뵽ʲôȴֹ
һӪ֮˼ȫɵϡûʲôȥΧ˵Щʲô
˻һۣȻ󻺻뿪档
ɵĽëزһ£۾
һʼֻǵҪڴϣû뵽Ȼ˯˹ȥ
ְһԼĶͷ֮ܺȻ˵ݹһˮ
˳һֵֻķˣһ׵ʱлһǣɬӿͷ
ĳǼææĸϹģ۾Щ죬˺Ѫɫ۵࣬һЩѡֻǾؿһ»硣
ɵĶںоͺǺȻ޴ľϲɵһǰһˮɵУոҪָһɵ۽ǡ
ȴЦһ£˲佫еıӳźķˤ˳ȥ

ƬɢҵĽΧʣĴƬմƬںŵףˮ˳ںֱϡ
㶵վԭЩ֪롣ĿӽµĴƬƶɵϡЩôˡ
ȴûпĿ⣬˫ֳŴһһ˺硣
˵ľԽԽǿЦһȻ˹ȥʵôˣ
ôˣظȻקס죬ѵ֪𣿡
鲻̫ԣҪϵͳֲ´ϣֵ֮ٴһ
һº̨ݣڽѾߵ֮һˡ
˵ʲôɵһʻ֮кȻӿԾĸо
ɴûùԼ˵
Ǻ绹ǿҵѹȥֲʸУЦҪɵա
˺ܶ࣬Ҳɹһ¡
װģˣ͵ɿס֡Ǻû뵽ɻͻȻɿ֣ǰһǡþˤ÷մƬ
˵Ľһ֮˽ǽαǺ͵һͦȻˤĲҽ֡
Ҫס־һžžشԼϡ
һҪסɵ֣ȴ͵ؽ˻ȥ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
ƤרСָܽҴؼѽ


56 ȨĲ25
, ܺãɺۿЩ΢ؿǰĺ磬, ʱڱĺĽ
˿ĶҲɵס, Ҳһ˲Ĺͱļɵ󽫾ǰؿһۺ磺˶Ѿ𣿡
˭֪֮ǰսϵʱ˵зһ̫ҽ޲ߣںӺ֮ǰʮǧ
һжġ
ô֮ǰװǲҲ˶Ŀġ
Ŀأ󽫾뵽ʱɵػһվɡ
ɵͷ, 󽫾ɵɫȴüɷߵֲסսֱˣװñ·ɾĻ, ôȴġ
֮ǰҩЧˡɿĶʱֻܹ뵽ı
, Ҫ书Ļ, Ϊʲô㿪̿͵һ֮в֪˭Ȼôһ䡣˲俴վŵĺ硣
Ŀ˲俴ɡ
ɵĴ, ǰ㿪󽫾ıӻ, ȻĿضź磺, Ҫһͣ
ɶ, ҵʱȷʵǰһ, סɵ֣һȴûж㿪Щ, ˵ʱȷʵûлָ
˵㵱ʱȷʵûлָ𣿡ɵ͵شӺгһ֮ľ룬Щ˵
Ϊ޴ῴˡʧִԼĻн˳
翴һʱͫײɵһ
㻹ʲôҪ͵𣿻˵˵Ƕˡ͵ؽݺݵسźǰˤȥ
ˤ˵ϡ
屻ˤ, ԿŵĻҲ顣ɵĶϵս
, ӿ޾ĿֻĿ⼱æջ
粻ΪʲôһӡֻǷֿһµʱ䡣ֲʱѾȥˡôҲû뵽ɵС
ֲŴԼһһģһ, һжˤһ弸һ,  
Ǻ֪׭̵Ĳ, ˽׭ɵ֡Ҫɻ֮ʵ˵, ӦܹԭԼġ
ˣֵ͸ɣɴס˲һɡ
ˡҪЦȴֹסı
û˵ֻڿóһһģһʱвɵÿһ
Բ硣
û˵ˣеһжǱƵġ
һ˾ϲһˡ绺ر˫ۣס۾֮ӿˮ
£ʹˣһ˵һ仰֮һ˽
ع£֮ǰ˵ôˣֻҪ罻Ǿ˱˽
ƹ£˿÷֮ǰûʶڿ˾羹Ȼмֵơ
ˣ˲ˡ
ԭǳĻӰ
عǸڳȴܹλĻᡣǺ絽ʲôʱ֪ģʲôʱͳһϵϵأ
ǸϲԸźġȴϵظûʲôܵġǸƭӡ
翴һ˵ʱֲԾز£ѾൽˣޱȵĻң뿪ɣƭҲνʲôںˡ
סɵֵʵ㲻Ҫ𣿡
ɺѹסӿĬ
Ҫ𣿣
һһ³ɵĳĬǸһ̡
ع¡ʹмĿһۺ磬벻ǸǰΪսĻ𣿿ҲôǸ֣
ѹȥɺȻ˳ʹĻ
Χһ㶡
ɵĿⶢںͺ罻յϣ˫ֱ
ΧȻûһ˶ĿɨΧ˵·ϣͼı伩ãã
ɵĻ֮ʿ˲䶯ؿס˺硣Ǻȴûֻǿɶ󻺻ر۾ˮβ䡣
ɱ˻شߡ
ʹЦŵع£ǵľİնѾܲսˣһ磬õİ
ʹЩĵļλɵغ޵ҧгݡ
죡ص
˵ʲôʹһʱûзӦԵ̧ȴͬһĿ⡣ʹµ
죡ɵɭ䣬ȥǳʵۣعˣҲӦععĳǳһֶ
󽫾һ仰֮۾˲һɣȴѾת뿪ʿֵ˽ʹúõظͻس
*
类һܲͨ磬Ҳûпһӡ
ǿǵǰݣЩ˵Ҳûнôֻǽ
ܹǵ
һƬȻűˡ
ȵĵƹͷųһ˿˿Ĺյ
ϴŽͺͷ
Ƕȥɡ
ɵһ˲䣬͵̧ͷ
Χ˶뿪ˡ
ˣĿԡ
ȴû˵ֻĬĬض½е˳ذڷ˺ǰ
ʲôԸΪֻҪ㲻Ҫ𣿡˵̧קɵ½ǣ˵Ժһֱһġ
һоۡ
ͯ޼ɣ档
ǡ˵ľɽƸһס½ǵֶɵڷ
㲻˵ԸΪκ𣿡ɻشǰķˣҪ˵ЩжҲԸ𣿡
ҩأҲԸ𣿡ɵǶĺ硣
˵֮㿴ֽǰķ˶ڵذԲȥȴѾƴҪȥȴȫ˳
ˣ㻹ǿַֽˮɵߣֻܸоԼֱס
ԥһ˲䣬͵ؽ˦޻Դص۾дС
ãֻҪҪҡ糶һɬЦֻҪڿɵĵطԸȥ
ת뿪߻رϡɽŲģ͵³һѪ
ϵͳؽһô£̧һΧһƬǵڶξ棬ô
£
Ѫˣ
ѵߵſڣȴǰôҲ򲻿书ֱӽ߿ɻӵҲ޷֪ɵ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
yeahдˣ


57 ȨĲ26
ʹ߻ȥ֮㽫ɵĻתδĽ졣ǽЩࡣ
һǵҪǽȥ, ҲǳĿġǱ߲Ϸ˵ĻҲûа취ȥͱ¸!
ǿ϶˵ģǵֱӴȥֱ
Ǳ߿ع, ıСһεĽ˵
ʲô, ڲⶼܹ˵顣ǳ䲻ɱ֮һʹֻһ¡
˵ǡһĶ⡣
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13꣬عսڼء
ѾǲԼ˶ˣſںȻ, ̧ӿ˹ȥ

Դһ֮Ҳû
£߰ɣˣ˵ϴعӵ·, ˾Ȼ̫ξ
̫ξס͵Կ, ֽ˳
أס̫ξʵ, ʲôˣ
¡ѽ, ôʲô̫ξ۾գһ, ƿ, ֳ, ȻźҪ뿪
Ҫ£׾ٵĶ㿪̫ξϮ
, ѾʾˣһҲҪȥ֧Ԯ, ͳô˻߰ɡ⡭ҲǱµ˼̫ξ̾һ
еսϵľƣֵȴǲС, ɴ಻ܲ˵ȫ˵˳
㱻ץ֮, ͬ㽻, ˷ʾҪûбѱ, һͬȥ¡̫ξ˵֮ź˳ȥ
Ժ֮лصֻһûвҪ, ûвҪ
ѸٵشϿ̫ξǰս
ս˻, ˴ɫսۣųľ֣֮һܵһܵСΧߵʵе࣬һע㿴˴ɵı˴ӱ͵Ϯ
ɣһ
ֶԱߵ˹ϵĹ乭ɱȥ
!ƭӣ̫ξһԿ֮ĿѡæǰҪסһ֧
Ǵʱȴ΢˼֮ת
̫ξŭ֮˲˹
ɵûʲôˣȻɡһ˲
ҪЪ˹غ
ѾˣǼźɵλֱֱط˹ȥ
ɵ˫ȼнսƽСץסϷļȻֱֽͦ˳ȥ
סľս
翴ɼųľֳԼӹر۾
һ㱳ޣôһֽɱɵĻӼ֮ӿϺԺ
ȴûһ˿һԹ
ֻвʲΪʲôôΪʲôջһ
ûиоϴʹУ۾ֻлƮһƷ˿
ڱ䵽˵ϡ
ؿǰˣִֻӻͳһ壬ɫӱӲקϣȻһӣ˹ȥ
磬֮ͬްֹϸ޲ٿ㡣ɸƥ֮ϣת֧Ԯ󽫾
Ŀ⻺䵽˵ϣҪֽҪֻҪһƴͿˡոսҪ׷ɣҪ͡ǺȻס
ĽΧס
˵£٣ûǣƴס硣
ΧعʿһһΧǽźĿϱһֵ裡
ֲĻǱ˫ۡ
ڽӵ֮Ѹٳؾں׷ᡣֱعȫռĳǳոſϰݡ
һ
عĵ۶
ַǷ¥˵ֳָһģȴ˵ǳĽ״

֣¶˰˰ٱˣɶʱܹ
һεĽ־Ͳһ˵ַԼĺ룬ɫط
кβһ˻Ĺġ
˵һԺΪԸ⽫ԼĹ͹ס
ļٵİ
ͷɱ˵
ݵĶڿλãһаеĲ豭
£¶մˡ湫ӴһɫۣһȣЦ̡
㻹ȤҡɵĿ⳯ŲݵķȥĿŵЩա
Դһս֮һʱûпˡڶ׶εĽҲһֱά֮λá
ɽԼеıӷ¡
˵ص֮͢Ӧ÷һжԼƵġ
ԼȻĴȻٶȳΪȨ
Ļʵ۰ǰݱλСӡ
簴վֶѹ˳ΪȨ
ǲ̫һȴ˿ûжعѡ
Ȼɵסӵֶһ£ָӡش¡
ǿǲǳʹߣĽֵ˲
֮ɵĳǱ߿һ£ȻЦſɣ£ˡ
ɵĵӦһȴЩӲס豭ֲסս
ˣ
£Ǳߡ˵ǱΪʲôô죬ճɴ
عɼæ
ؿƵģ󲽳ŷſ߹ȥ
ֽŴ򿪣΢΢ս䵭ú´ȥӺ͹ޡ
ŵСվſһ֮æӦ
ɵĺ棬СӼ֮æʵˣǷʲô飿
ûʲôǳʹ˶ѡ̾һҡͷæȻ׷뿪
뿪¥ſ֮;¥Сæɣһɴط

˻һ֮ȥ
סֲסսĿֱֱضǰǻ֮е಻סȴоЩܣһһֱС
ԴӺ类֮ɵɫһһࡣ
ҲǺСӴ֮æֲһ¶ͷĺ顣ôô졣ó֮󼱴Ҵҵ׼
ɻȥֱ֮Ӻ͹ǰŸյű
ɪɪع棬־عš
ͷصţıǼź飬ڷĵָԼ۵ҪĵظԼһºˮֵ̧һ˲ɵ
ʹˣΪһϢûУ潫лڷĵӵǰ档
£ˡӵϢǳʹܹ֮󵽴ʵû뵽ǻô
ɵʻ֮æһж˵˳ԭ·ָ˲ٷȥɺˮʪ
޲ɵһһֻֽӹСӵݹһ裬شһ²ˮɫĲˮһ
ˡ̳ȥʹйص顣ѸӦ
ˣ°ɡɵ΢΢̧ĵĸ˴һĿ⣬Ȼ󵭵ķԸ
ȴ֮ɽеĲ豭£Ŀſա
СվһѾֲˡ
Դһ֮Ȼǳ֮󣬺ܶ󳼲Ըš
Ǳսʤű»̫ξȴ˵ȻҪսϽɱ
һȻ
̫ξ˭һֱӣĨǵˣʲô˵ʲô仰˵һӾֻвݵç粻̫ξ˵һ
ԴԺڳбһܹἰ.ɡ
ͬʱµֶҲԽȴǰҵˣҲǿˣǳеĹԱȴΣϾһǳеĹԱ
ЩԱ˽ﱧԹϳ͸϶ͷ̨һҲҪԼûʲôôʱʱ̵̿ĺ±ץסǵСӡ
£һСһС̫ԼĶ߶֮æرɡ
ɵĻشһ
²μ¡һȻ£Ѿˣ˴ʹ֮ϱȷʵ©©
һ˵֮ԼĻͳһӣ˫ͷƽ
ɵ̧һָָۣСӣȥ
ŵСһ仰ֽ֮һеĶ
شӣĿڴһֵʱ㲻ɵһпһӣ¡
Сӵᴽ鶯һ£ȴƼЩԳΪĮȻɫ
ԭܾ正ŮΣ磬ˡ"
"ǡ䵭Цһ͵ؽеĲ豭棬һ磡Ǻôĵӣ
Ϣŭһ仰̱֮ˢˢĹ£µŭյԼϡ
"һ㽲һ͹ȥһݡǿŰ죡ɵָһ²豭ĵ̧΢һ¡
ŵ
*
ӭӳʹߵɵ֮ա
һγʹҲǸ
ɰҹշת࣬˵վ飬Ӧûع̾һû뵽һ쾹Ȼô졣
ڶ׶ε֮һûɡ
ͳһǺͳ֮ȻһӲҪ
Сʵ۲Ҳ˵ǱıȻǺ硣
һ̿ʼѾվ˺Ķ档
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лҪ˵
q(RQq)
Ӹ¡
¸磺aboǼʣAAalphaϽϣܰ¸дһ㡣


58 ȨĲ27
ɵǳ, ˯ȥ
֮߾ȻһӰ
˴źɫҹ£һȴۣĿ겻¶һ
˻ؿƫƫһӦû, ȴ˯úܳ
˻ض, Ŀضɣвʡ
ǸȴǾ˵۵кѪ˿ǳûϢõӡ
Ҫطɵϣھɵջаָʱȴ˻
ֻǾش, ֱ߽˻סԼ壬Ȼת뿪
˭һ棬һӰٵæ׷˹ȥȴ˸׷ˡһ, Ȼ󷵻صȶĹǰ
ǰĹѾ˴Ƭ
һҧ
ǰڰ, Ǳڰ
γһרڱµĶ顣ôҲû뵽Ȼó֮и顣
һСӻ۾, Լĺ, ʹ, ôˣ
ȴһ͵ؽƿС, Ҫסһ, һѾŲ˹ȥ
ˣڴ, ϸűӣϴŵǰɫ..һ֮˲ڵ, ɵɫֱˡ
𣿡ɷʵ
¼ˣ²ˡһͷһ˵һĻش
, 㿴Ҳ򲻹ȥ, Ժŵɻ˻֡Լȥ췣
л¶䡣ȥɿŻǰСӵҲȥ췣һĶû, 챻˶֪
л¶䡣СӼæ뿪
ƿӻ, Žߵű, , ȴɵЦһ¡Ӳؽո΢΢ѹȥ
ֹϹţĹⱻ⡣ϵͳʾʱΪҹĶ֣һҲҶְ
Ȼһϡ
˯ˣϵͳһҲûбСݵһ黹ܹжϵóġ
Ǹɵӡ
룬ù˷Լ·
ɵ⼸ϣ˾Ȼɷһ顣
ÿǹԹԵװ˯ûнһơ
ܿ죬㵽һ졣
ͬ졣ֵ涼ģɵԪ
ҹƻͨ
룬ٹУΪϺԱߵǳ⼸ɵĹ˳˺ͳ֮û˱ˡ
ڳѾȥһʱˡ
Щ˿Ŀⶼɵôһͬ顣˵ǽ¿״Ԫɣǳ˵硣
û뵽ǣþȻҲڹò˻Ҫ׽һȻôһϢ
ĵĽ˵̧ɷˣᡣ
ɵһ߷һſŵӡ˿֮ɫԭһλרģԴһ֮
ԭ˽һγȥȴֹˡҲ㲻ЩʲôֻǾñ¹Ȼ塣
ʹСվɵ߼档Ǳ㿴ڳʹȻ¡
С˫ŶС˻ʵʵģ¶һ˫۾
ʹ˵֮ط䡣ĿȴһֱһСϡ
ȵСҪתµʱȴȻˣΪǰ
ɼ̵ֲԾսӰԾս˻ػȻ¹򣺡ع£òªΨ־Źˡ
ªְǰͷʵȴǽڸסԼҪǡ
羹Ȼ˵ԼªҪܹһĻ¼ˣø翴
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ˣǱµСʲôӵûм̫ξһ仰֮еĳʳ̲סǳ
ˡɻһ֣Ȼȥ
һһ赸û뵽ϾȻһγ˹衣һھơ
û˵һЩϹԱة̫ξ˵Ǽһġ
Ҳһǣһ¨ӵ顣
Щ֮ǰûеܵ¹Ա֮Ӷмһ˵ϡ
ĴóԶߺȾڸסԼɫҲ֪ڸһҪʲôʾ
Цعɲֹһ֮ǰһعˡȻû˺磬ǻб£µĲܸں硣ҳһĻӶյ顣
Ӧòɵһ顣
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Ҫʲô
֮ǰɱһ£ʱ˽˵õǽɴáǱ߹ȴóսңɱ㽫齻紦ˡ
ǵԼߵʱ͸¶ЩϢǲ֪δİɵ΢΢һ¡
һϣԵ˵˽͵Ļû뵽ǣĻӾȻվ˳
̫ξ˵ʱеľƱûסˮһ㡣ߵة࿴̫ξһӲɵýĿһϡ
Ȼе㻨ۣ˺е񰡣
̫ξҲû뵽ǣ˾ȻҹҿӺһҲΪе߳ܡ
֮һսҪ˵û˵Ľةš
ȻҲ˵ӣֻûжķӦϾЩ֮ǰѾ֪ˡɻؽĿͶ˺վŵһСˡӸȤǺĿġ
£һ費֪¹۸Σҳ
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԰ͬġ˵عв֮
£Źȥ԰תһתõɵʾ֮һǷЩִԱߵŮȻ˵
Ҳáס
ڳ˶֪һιƾͲصʹˡʹûиоʲôⱾǵĿġ
Ψһں棬˫ֽȭĿضĵؿ˵Ӱɡ
ǺȻɵĿ⳯߿˹ײɵЩ٩Ŀ֮󣬺˲ͷֹסطš
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ߵ˫ֲסزҪǰʸ
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һ۾֪ɵĴʲôֻҪɵһش
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ˣͲöزˣɡⱻˣĴ滺߳һˡ
˴ҹ£һ塣˲Ǻ˭
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Ϊʲôߣûлشֻǻض£ͷɣЩɬ
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Щ룬ϸЩίʾҺ㡣
磡͵Ҫֻӿȴ߬ġ
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ҪҡоɵȻɿ֣Ȼǰһӵסɵɵ
૵ҴˣҪң
Ҫң
ԭҪһ仰֮ȴͣڰ֮УҲ²ȥ֡
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ΪʲôװĶ㡣һֹֻסɵĲ΢΢ɵĶϻ
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𣿡ǰȻǣס֣ǵ޸𣿡
㻹˵ʲôʱ򣿡͵ؽ˵ľӸµؿһֳֻŴĺ硣
޴һʼƭ㣬д֣װã£ƭģ޹ģΪ޷ɾ衣
ˣƵġƲ֪ûдޣԼ֣
˵ϲ㣬Ͷˣ
ƲЩֶΡǿ֮ӣȥ߹ˣȻ޾ҵҵų˵ˣǧϹ
ŶսǲǺޱ˴ӱ͵Ϯɷ̵Цѹüͣβȴ΢΢
⻰ͫ˲߬ŵֻսĿضɡ
Ҳƭģ
̫ξȥߺ磬粻뿪
սϼʱɱϵͳʱʱ̼̿ӺȻԼ˴ӱ͵ϮĻþ
ϧʶ˲壡ɻصͷںĶһһ仺ٵ
͵ؽһɣһ
ҧסԼĴԺ֮кʲôͷʹѡ
üͷһ£ĺݵת
ɣ䵭ҪϵԼ´ɵӰȴȻһ١
лҪ˵
q(RQq)


59 ȨĲ꣩
ϲ, ڶ׶ɡڱӵɣŬ񣡡
סԼס˫ȴ΢΢
绺ؽԼÿ, еռȴƻɽһ緢
, һжˡû뵽ȴʱ̣
ɾǸСƭӣԼһõˣ
Сƭӣ
֪
绺վվɵɵ°ڡ
Ըġ
˴ӵס, Щһֻ͵ץסɵࡣ
¼Ȼô˵ǱȻǷģҪµĲⴥɵĶ
, ʲô˼
ĸоӶһֱݵ˽ֺ, һĸһ˻顣
ɷ½ֻս, ƵԽԸС
˵, £ֻشӺ水ɵĲ, ϵĶͣס, ѵ𣿡
ɵ˲Ĺ, תֽ糶, סֱ㽫ѹ˴ϡ
˵ޱȵؽ׵ܹܵԷڡ
*
, һƬҡ
̯ڴϣƤ̿īβͨ촽Щ, Ǵһĺ÷
ڡֽ, һֵֻݸһˮ
㾹ȻС罫еˮ³, Щɬ, ˵ʱһһ١
в㲻ǸԹ⻰ǵһ, ûϵ
׼ˮ
ڹ˽֮ǰ㽫, ʵʵصסڴϵĺ硣
һƿ߽ҵʱŵһõϢ
ʯ骻ζڿ֮СǹѸٵؽȻ
ù˶£Ȼȵȶȷû֮ٴ˴ᣡ
ɢڴϣǾôһʱ֮УȻѾԼϵ·ˡ
վԱߣӿź磺ȥϴ
ôϧ񣿡üĿɵһһشףҪһӡĵסȻô˵۵׻бԼռ
ȥôʹݡɷһֽۣ·ӵϡ
˫ֳŴȻ·һ£Ͱζ·Ҵ
ûˣϾղŶ顣Ǻûֻװ·ӡȴȥȥ
Լ·Žţֱ˹֮Сսرоһȵš
ظоԼúܡˬֺܲˬ
ˣתɵǰҲ߱һôͺ绺ɣĴɵĶϣȵϢһ㣬³Ļͷһ𣬡졣
ǣ˺ͺ룬㻹ң
Ժ¡˹ģһ²ĵȴ̾һֻϣɿǧڳˣ
ˣʰ֮ȥľ룬ոոܵúҪǼԼǰƣԼƲһ̵ס
㲻ңһ仰ԭҪסɵһ٣ֱߣ
ҿסһ𡣡´ź磬ûԼݰ
ûϵܿͲˡ֮סɵ֣
ػشң֮ǰ˵һɽΪƸ𣿡ĿֱɵӡɽϽ¶һУΨû˵һƭԼġ
Ȼ⼫пܰЩ档
ҪһʼԼαɣڵԼֲһʼԼ
㻹ңһʼ˵ҪִӺδӷоϲԾѲɶһ˵İĿԵеĺޣԣ
ԼԺЩѵʱҲû˵Լ
˹~ĵ׵һָоƮƮȻ
ôϲң̲סϵͳҫ
ǣǲϵͳ·ɾͣ
ϵͳֻ밵Цɺ˾ŶûУ
ղŻˣȥûʲôúʧҩˮû뵽һص촩־ͬ¡ʱһû
æŵܻƱһĹʵ۲̫༱ææĺٴκϲ˲һ취Ǻǡ
˵ӦҪĥɶҵϣȻһ㱼гˣϵͳȻԻ·
ȥnmľ飡ϵͳֻ뿴ɷ
㻹С㲻̾һܹĿ֡
ҲС˵͵Խϵͳɵ䣬ʮչڹŴҲǷִδ갡
ҭһ¡˵ܾˣһȷʵеСҲΪʲôûкͺ絽һԭ
һٱһ׼ϵͳ˵֮֮󼪡
Ҫȥ취ǧ֪˾
ɣһ񣬡ٻش𡣡
Ľë̡ɲɵܵס˺۾
ֽУ˵ܶŻΨһûƭ㡣
Ҫַ̧ɵҪסԼߵһֻû뵽Ĵɵֱôһ仰
ǡϲ㡣
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ʹŲûзǵʧһϡúµ˴ھתһתúһ¾ĵƹعĻ
ȻȻڣķ׻һĲġ
⼸пվʹܣڴҹʱ춼첻ߡ
ǲۺôֿʹӻǵˡ
ǳ뿪ģµ˵ȵڶ֮ŷѾ뿪ˡ
Ҳû뵽մ뿪֮ųʹˡ
ʹʱϣߵʱҲЩϡ
ʱۣʱ㹻ıܶ顣
ع۶˺ܶ顣ٱСʵλˣΪµĻʵۡ
عٹһʼһϢʱ򶼵£ϾǵоǺ米عҪıλǻϢ֮쵣ս
첻⣬ʱ߾սҡ
ݡ
ǵɴһ֮һɵõϢʱѾᡣعҲǳصġ
һսһҪ⡣ɾǶԼǳҪ⡣
˫սڶ֮ǰÿһʿԴűĵػ
ϳľȳƶֻһһɫԲͲǺ
սĻǱ߾աǳҲԸعս˫ɹʤ
һһԾû˵־캧١
һ˵֮㱻ΧĽסѯô¡һҲп԰ҲֻǺȻס׳ѡ
عǱ߱ҪܾɾȻͬˡ
˫ӵĶŵֱ߳һˡ
þòϣھӵǰսĺ硣
Ⱥվǵĺ档
þò֪عûȤ̸һ¡
̸ʲôǴһ˵ûкͺҺ绹İʦ
ǾʹһΡ絹Ҳ
ৣĽĽڸͺ硣
ЦһҾͲˣ
һֻסǰλһۼ
ûиκηӦȻͳ˹ȥ
ǹײǹͷ
˫ĽʿĶɵһ
ֻǺ΢ͬʱҲ
ٴνӣȴ˲֮ľ롣
عʿɵõһ벻ɵķӡ
ɵǲΪ⣬ֱǰһͣǹͷֱֱش硣
ȴ˫ȼнսһֳֻգǹաɾȻ˳ƽ˵ľٴ
Ҫʲô֪ⲻķӡ
˳һ
ɵıȻˡ
սϱֻϾ͵ͬڱ̡
ȵعʿȴһƥع߱
ϾȻˣǰں󣬶ɵ˫ǴӺഩֻعܹȥ
ʿûи״ʲô˼ҵľˣ
£׼ʲô
ʲôȥعʺ󰡣
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¶ʮ꣬سƽͳһȷΪԪսΪԪس֮֡ͬɵǻΪһֲɡ
¶ʮһԪգΪΪʢΪʺ󡣵ۺ̩ɽ콵
꣬Ԫʵ֮Ϊƾ
꣬ԪΪ̫
꣬Ԫǲʹ߳´½
ʮ꣬ʢ

ȥ׷Բԡ
ɿź绺ϵ۾۽ǣһҵġ
Ǹˡ
ˣ㻹촩𣿡ϵͳѾôˣֻҪȥ˵׽˺겦ٲ߾ˡٺٺ
ȥֱȥһ硣
ʮ꣬ް۱ʹ֮ͬڻꡣ
лҪ˵
yeah


3 AlphaϽ 


60 alphaϽ1
˹, ֪ϲңѾˡҲܿҸ
ɫЩ԰ףǱһ͵ıӰҡҡ׹˫Ŀ뵳һˮ, һ˫Ӻעǰˡ
˹, ǶһǼʣ֮ʱ˵ȴôҲ޷ҵݣѾҵĸˡ
Լ˫ۣüͷ΢΢, ëȴᣬҧԼĴ.ꡣס˹ֶڷǽ˹˦
֮Ѿˡ˹, Һ뿪, ܹȥο
, Ӱҡҡ׹, ʲôجΣοҲǸ, һֱ, ֻϣŵܹԸ޸, һ·, Ҳȫ븸Щĸ֮顣
ӭǼλ棡λ˹
ɸոձ͹ûӦǰѣαߴһĲӬ, Ǽµ̲ζ
ʵĵһ仰ǣܶס𣿡
˹ĺܱǸ, ҲܻӦİ顣ǿŵС, ϣ±ӿһ𡣡
, ˵һֵǻ, һλʫˡ
Ŷ, İ¹, ĸαİá
ְһԼĶǣǰ˹ſǰӡ
һװɫװֹ·ʾġһͷɫķȻؾһ˫̱ʯעɡ
Ŷɲء
ɻûüվ飬Ŀ뿪Χĳϡ
˹
۾ɴ󣬲ŵؿɣСؽɵ֡
ҵ˼ɲõǸ
ַ.ǰʮȶ񣺡ʲôأ
˹Ҿ֪㲻ġ㻹ϲҵġ
循ϲֽԼ۽ǵæҪɣȴԼֱ
£ҺȻЩҴպ̸
ɱغѸٵתʧ֮УЩĶӵģ
ϵͳλϴҡ
õģ
ϵͳɤЩͯĻȴɵƤĪ£һֲ̫õĸо
סԼԿֱӷҾС
棬һ˽һо۵סŵһģѻĽëڵסеɫ˽Ʊ֮еľһַ¾ƱԱ߷õףȵ뿪ᡣ
aboôabo
뿪֮һŸˮζʵЩȻĿӵʡ
ԼԺ֮дľ籾ü΢һ¡漴бǲ⡣֣ô˵֡أ
ABOг塣
ϵͳֻزһ䡣
ӻ⣿
ɵ΢һ¡ԼԺ֮еϢŸ漸˵İ޾
ڱ֮Ǹڻʵɶ㲻ϡ
ԭ˹һĸСүҲǼΨһalphaԭϼżϣԭҲУٳǼʶĻ״ʦ
ƵĻľϵﵽSSS֮ͣԭԳ֮Ϊ֮š
ϵ۸㿪һţض߳ŵһ̺ݺݵعŲҼסĽȻˤһࡣ
ϲһˣСϲ˾ǻҵС塣˵ϻлԼ
˹ǸţӹҲǸ׳ա
ҪǿŵûлλԺлĻᡣ
ԭĶˣϲȻȥͿˣΪһ޳ȥûʸλġ
AOٵ棬AAҲûе顣
鷢ŵȴеģϾһAlphaȱĽOmega
ԭڻΪŵ֮ܣÿŵΪЦڼҵʱֱ׵ضſŵ˵㲻һϲĴ塣
ŵ飬ԭżȻ֮ײ˿ŵͱ̸ĳһЩԭڿŵĻ涯ֽšҶΪŵĴս֮
峹˺αƵס֣ȴŵԭҲͶ˼ûһغˡ
ĳ׶εǻȡŵΣڶ׶Ǳѿŵ֮ͿڱɻԺͿŵһ𡣡
ܵҺƵĿ𣿡ɵĿ쳣ġơ
ôˣ
ҶĸТӣ·ϱư
֮Ϳŵһȥŵɳ𣿱
ɽ廬£ϵͳ˵һعˡ
ָ¡
ӳһɫĻɵָ滮£΢ɫĹǰȥ
һԶʻɫӰʵ塣
ؼҡ
ڳԶװصɳ档
ַڷϣɳĿ޳˫.Ƚ
⼸εԼûм䣬ܸоЩҪˡڻЩյģеҪҵʲô
ǰ塣һ˿˿ĽΣŶװˣǸ꿴Щ
ɻ۾
ǰվһꡣ
ͷȫɫġƤ𪣬дһ˿˿ľֺͲȫ΢΢ط۽ǹŵῴ΢΢ͷɵڶͷϵ·ˮ
ɸоԼ಻£ǴûмֿԽɽϤпҪû
³治֪ʲôʱȻʼ꣬˿״ˮƮƮɵϡĵһȻһꡣ
ҪҲ㡣
ô˵ɻֽһߡɸҪת뿪ȴסԼʼûɿ
£ǽ˹𣿡
ЩɳƣɵĶϵë˿˿
Σ
ɻˡ
ҽпŵ˹ǣδ򡣡
˵δʱѩ׵ƤһĨΣӰĲա߻ơ
һվԼǰꡣ
΢һͷĸ߶ȣ˵ʱͷĿעԼŹ⣬ɬЦʱջСѡ
ٺȴͿ͵ġ
ɵһü΢һ£סԼֵָЩϡ
ϳ
ûж˵Ҳûн
˵ϳӡվм䣬ֵݹȥһˮ
Ϊʲô
ɵĿʾԱ߿ŵɳ
˫սˮˮ˿˿д֫΢оһЩů
ŵнҡҡͷСڵһ±еˮЩࡣ
Ҳ⣬˿Ҳ⡣
ǵأѽ
εڳ
ҽа˿˵ҳϵܹܼңԳƺΪС
˵һϳalphaأ
һü仰ôô֣
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
翪
ܼңү/ؼҵĵһŮ
Ŷİ¼ޱȵϤ
*
ȣСʹǿԴһרղ


61 AlphaϽ2
˿ȻҲ, ôҲؿ
ɲһ
ÿվŲò
ŵסˮ˫ָԾս˴ܣɵĶ¡ֽסðˮ, ȴֻȥ, ƨֻռε֮һ
ϵˮջǵɳ棬Ѿ߾ȫرˡ
ע⵽ŵûкһȫ̱ɳ棬ŵļͦúֱɳĮĺֱߴ˫.Ƚزһ, һ˫סˮ˫.֮ϡŵɫЩţǱʦе칫氤ѵСѧһ
ôš
ɵһִֻɳĿ档
ɫװסȽΪĶקһ£¶ѩ׵Ľס
סԼǰˮ, ޳ָˮ档Ĵϲ, ͷԱߵĺ붼֮
һöӡûнˮ, 
ŵͷ, Ƚ˵ӵһЩ, ھһǼʵϽǿȴOmegaһomegaŵ˫ս, Ҳ̲סһڱеˮ
Ҫʲôأ˻飿
ô롣
һ˵Լδ򡣵ԭϲӵ˵˾֪, һôĿʵ벻ǰһ˺ԭ׻ʲôĽ
ŵ͵̧, ʹŵ˲̧һ˫ɫӶؿ, ǲΪʲôɻ˵һֻ
ŵıЩ𾪣æеˮһ, Ȼ̴ɳ
ŵЩա
ǵ, Ҳ˼
ŵҡͷ, ȻĿɵĿ⽻֮, ŵæٴδԼ
֪Ϊʲô, ÿһοɵԼľͺһߵְԼϵĳ
ˮʪĳһҲ, Щ˸о䡣ǡŵĵƳһۣɺһˮʪˣǸ
Ҫʲô
ɾܲܲɺϰɡô˶ô·ôĳǰǿŵô˿ŵԼδ
Ҫ˵ûҪè㶼š
µġ
ŵһ˿˿壬У԰δµһ͸оЩ
Ŷ°
Ӧһ˵ɡ
ɵһֱֻ۳Աߵɳ棬еˮó˸߽űӡ
ȵȣ£
ɣ
£
ٴȷһ䡣еˮ£ˮ淢һ쳣
ǵģ͸½顣
ŵͷһεĿ϶ûԼ˼˵Ļµġ
ȷûи
ɽջԭ˫.Ҳֿ¡ɵ΢΢ǰ㣬˫۵ĸ첲Լ˫.ϣ˫֧ԼԼ򢡣
۾΢΢ϸĴǰһˡȷʵԣ˵ȴ˴һɽ¹ԹԺˮСȻԶǱĴǺ㣬Ҫ㡱һЧ
ʵĿࡣ
ûУǿŵ˹ҵĽ˹˹СӣǼʵŻ״ʦ
ŵһһٵ˹ֱܶΣĵ˵⻹ǵһΡתһȦʱǳһġģսʤʮεĶԿսûá
ܱǸϲˡ
ĿɨȻ󻺻򳵴档Щ䵭̸۽رһ
ĮģȻ⡣
ϲӣӦ֪˳ʵЩ񡣡
ŵ̧ͷɫЩ԰ף֪һʼ˻ǸղɵĻ֮űһӵġ
֪ѾͰˣͻȥǼǴнʽ
ҲҪ˹ϲңҿ˹ĵһ۱ϲ㣬ֻҪϲĶԲںġ¡ҵҲԵġ
ŵǹһӽеĻ˵˳ָסɵֵСָŵͷһ˫ŵˮһɫľʯŹ⡣
˵ġ
Ҳ˵ģ㲻ƽֽŵ
üһ¡
֪ղŵ˵ϲԼʱ٣оԼҪһ
ǲġ
ϲ壬ͬҲϲŵ
ϴûʲôԵĹƽ㡣ȻѾ飬Ϊʲôܸһᣬ˹һһܺõѡ񣬲ڸϣڡķ档
ŵ뵽ʲôɫЩЩɬ
ʻصͷĿ⿴Žߵꡣ
޳ĲǰǰһomaegaôӦľ֮룬˳㽫ԼĿӶԷĲƿ
Ͼomegaڲĺ󷽣һomegaǲòġ
ԼǰȴһʵalphaһԼһalpha.
ĲЩĳûнĺڵסɰ׵Ƥô¶ڿ֮С΢ЩСɵĺỺ¹ͬalphaɻĪظоԷϵϢԼޱȵġ
һӵĸӵĶ
ɻֵס򢣬ֽ̧
ŵͷоԼļһֻ֣ȴ޷Աߵоһ˫ִԼĲǰ˲Ŵ
ɷڿŵָɵ£ĲͷЩˣǼȴһۻһҲһalphaǾ飬Լǰһȴ˵ĴӢۡ
ɵкЦڿŵĴһǣ˵ģɱڡ
ɷڿŵֻƵ˿ŵĶϡһ£ھʹȡ
Ҳڵġ
ŵһĿȴֱֱضɡһһ˵ԼĳŵӰԺڣ±һֻҪԸϲ
ΨһµľɣԼϲȨᡣŵĿϸϸɵǵһμɣĵȷȷĵһξڸղŵϡ
һϲˣϲ⧲
뿪ʱҲɵøȥվڰ˿ǰԼƵġ
Լ鿴˵·ͼ˳Ǽϵͳλɵĳǰ滮·һ·ɡ
֮ϲҲΪ꣬ԼԵøӵĿһЩɽԼ˰˿
Ҫػʹҿð˿ȥ
ɵָĴһ£˵ľʵ
ܸȥ𣿡
ŵסҪ뿪֣ɵٴΰԼĲ棬һƥҰǽԼĲλԼĵˡ
ȻԣǰҪڻʹһЩ̴ӡ
ɺľʹӦ뵽˿ŵݣҪͻʹһ˵һıȽϺá벻ԼŵܵģӦûʵ֪ǿŵԼܵġû˵ʲô
˿٣
סŵŵһȱɵϡסŵ֫һ¿ŵƣ˶ԼĻ档ŵܸߴӣʵڻ￴ȴСҲܹԡ
ŵСĵسסɵؽԼɵϡ΢ЩܵҲɶ롣ǿŵȴĵԼ˼׵ɵ
ɵƽȣһһ·ǳظйɡһҲһɵʱ̲ס١
ŵһԼȽʵԼر۾ɵڶߣޱȵİġ
ɻصͷؽǰͷÿĿһһؿԼе꣬ĳԼûвᡣ
˿ؽڵĵƹɫůĻɫǰȻصһ̺ӡ
лл˿
ֽһ̺һֻ򿪡Ȼظڿŵϡ
ǼʱǱůѾԿԼϵ·ȷԼ¡ΪˣǶڴͳƷԽԽͣʱŵĻѾǼʱΪһŲ
˺ǱŵĻǼ֮һɹŵĻյȳд󲿷𽥵ϲԭʼһʱһӣ޷
̾һǸӶ˹Ļˡ
ǲҲһŵˣ仰˵ҲЩ˵ڰ
˿ſͣ¡ڵĵƹҲȻ⡣
ˣ滹Ŷע彡鿪ܷģʽ
˿͵ɵĶ
ŵˣ
ָŵͷһ£¶ĶͷصӣỺڿŵ߽еѡ
˹ŵĽëһ£ץסɵ·΢ضһ£ɵŴزһ¡
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ɵ֮дһ˿Ρ
Ͳô
ŵ֮˲һ͵۾дһ˿˿ãû˯ѵ;ĸ
һֻԹĵԼĻУɵֻһ¿ŵĲ㿴ŵЩίɫ
Ҵˣһˡ
ŵĴ鶯һ£شȻɵԹԵվһߡȴɵѵ⡣
岻ôôʲôӣҲô˵
ỺĴЩκͰݡ
ŵ˴ָԾԼ󴦵ֻĦ£ԼĻסǿŵǽ˻Ҫ˺壬ɸӵĲϲԼ
㶵Ŀſŵ꿴ġɵԼϵ˵㡣ԿŵӰô𣿻˵ԼϲԿŵӰô
ĵݴһ˿˿ɻԭľ֮ûᵽŵôϲԼѲһֱĬỊ̆ҲǣҪǲϲĻΪʲôҪԭ顣ʱĿŵӦѾϽˣȨԼĻ

ɳſŵ֡
˹ŵصһӣ첽ߵɵߡ

ŵ
ҵȶһ·ѹˣѵһ׷һˡСûĵġ
ŵĿ⻺ɵ䵽˫.ϡԭ·Щ塣
㱧һ·ŵæֽɷֵɴ󲿷ֵǿóɵȷʵˡ
ҪȻ˭Ļ
һۣûйĽ͡
㱧𣿡
ŵ̲סҪʵǰҲ𣿲Ľڱĵطһ·ֱĿĵء
֪Ϊʲô˵嶼û𣿡
ûлش
֪ŵԭ˵֪Ǻˡ
ûУԼһݵģ
ķܶ࣬¥ԣǰסŵͷˡ
ɵڶ¥һ¥Ǹ͵ĻҺϢңԼԭСʱķ䡣
ҽסأ
סɽ
λסүĸڿ𣿡
˿ǰ˿ΪܹܼһǿΧһе豸ǰ˹ܼҡ
ԡлл˿
ŵһС˵ĶͷС˵ӺܺԲԲģԲ̿ѸٵƶֱģĹؽڡһһֵԲͲм俪һڣڿԷС˹ʱҪĶ
ʰһ°ɣȥ¡
£ʲô
ɿһۺͰ˿ͦĵĿŵ⿴ҲûôϲԼһС˾ͰĿԼתˡ
㲻Ҫҽ飬Ȼס
Ѳɣ˵ģԭǰŵѯ֮ŵѾЩ٩˵
ûС
ŵһװЩڴ
ɻصԼķ䣬ԭĸ׺ĸ׶ȼˣԭԼһ˴ԼҪˡڴ˼˰죬Ǹ˷һϢ˵һ¡ʡĽ֮󻹲֪Լһϱ
ɷ˷Լļ䣬ԭûʲôֵý飬е֡
˵Ϣؼеalphaߵÿһalphaƥȼﵽ80%һϰô伸еalphaƥȻôߡ
ԭҪûǴĻһʼϢȲߣǷһ֮˶η
Ұɣ˵Ӧѡԭ顣Ͼԭۼͥݺ൱
˵ԭ֮ȴﵽ90%ԭϲ塣
һǾһУڻʼңò£
ԣΪʲôأ
ܲΪԭǿŵδ˳ȥɡͲˡ
϶⡣
*
ҹ¡
׵罻ӡ
ɵķ˶رƿ
ҹ֮һǰ
˭
ĵ˲𡣴۵ĵƹɷԵرԼ۾
˹ҡ
ֵһµƹ⡣
˿һ㡣
õء
ڵĵƹ⻺ذȥſǰ˵ӡ
ŵ㲻ڷ˯𣿡
ҡŵסӵ𽥵ս
ٿأ
ŵ͵һͷɵĻ档
Ƥ¶ڿдһ˿˿⣬סŵ̾һ
˿øģʽ
õġ
˲䱻ھĵһƬ
ŵһʧߡסӵսɿ
Բ𣬳ˡ
Ȼô˵ǿŵû׼뿪ӡŵ̽ͷһ棬һա͵ٴνͷɵĻС
ˣ˯ɣܴ󡣡
лҪ˵
䣬λСʹ
µ׿ܣµ֮ǰᾡȡÿʮһ֮ǰ£µ׿ܻһʱٸϰ


62 AlphaϽ3
, ˯ɣܴ󡣡
̾һ˶alphaҲᷢʲôԿƵ顣
ŵ۾˲, ͬˡղһɵšŵķҲɵ, һ⡣
ְסŵļ򣺡ʵһ㣬Ȼͻȥ
ŵ̧ӡ˴ֱסѹԼµıӣؿһɣȻɵԱŲ˹ȥ
ŵһԼͷ, 泯ɺá
ѹԼմ΢΢ȻԼ۾
һ, ˵˯ûаȫеı֡
û˵, ֹֻصĵơȻԱſŵ¡
ɵĿ籩꽻֯, ȴ͡
˵ĺڴ˷𽥵رһµƵ
, ǿŵԼ۾
ɵòһԼͷ, Ȼ建Ų, ɵ߿ֻ֮㱻ӵʱ, ŵŰĵıԼ۾
*
峿, ڵĸģʽѾ롣
ɵϣĽëԾ
ɻ۾һԼ۽, էй
ҪԼϵıӣ΢һоԼϵĳءƫͷȥ, ŵֱϡŵĲ
ղһ, ŵüͷ΢΢ҪŵŲ, մŵ, ŵɵӲŲһЩɵ, һֳסɵ, ٴѰһԼλá
ŵĲɵţü΢΢𣬴ԵǲڸղŵĴš
ûŵŵšüͷٴɿ
ִԼԣĸĸһЩϢɸҪ׼Ϣĵȷȷ𾪵ǡ
򸾷Ϣ¾˵ҪΪһʱ͵ԼҸһҪյľҪԼŵһúӣҪ˼ҡ
ɿǰʱл΢Щжһʱеĸж˲ɢ
һҪðȫʩ
һԼıǼ⣬ȻصԼԡ
ðȫʩʵǲá
ոЩ峺һЩɬŵһǷ
˫ֳɵڿɹ̲֮סͷ
㶼ˣ
ɴϿŵγĿ⡣
һҲǹģǸһѹʱ򡭡
ŵֳɵ
ŵĿɺڱʯһӣɵôԼҪͣǴɵĿ⣬ȴɵýĻȥ
Բ𡣡
ûй㡣
ŵĵǸһͣ˼ǿŵûʶղ˵ʲôɵ΢ƽַڿŵͷϣȻ¡
ûй㣬Ҳע⡣
ģ
ŵ̧ͷɡ
ɫ汻ɵӰʵ˵۾Ĵ
ÿһοŵ۾ʱ̲ס룬ǲҲԼʵģġ
оϲǿҪ
ġɵͷ
ŵЩ˷ܵǰŲһ£סɵĲȵĺɵĶϣлл
ɵһ䣬תۿ˿˿ûʶʲôĿŵǲӦôҵ
Բ𡣡
ŵһ㶣ȻȲ䵽ʲô
һȻؽԼȴɵջĲ˲һƬ糺졣
СɵĶǿڻһҲȾ޵ĵ죬׺ĺ뿴ˡ
΢һЦŷõ
ˣǽҪȥ¡
ŵɵһߡ
ƿԼıӣЬ´ʱȴȻתһѿŵĶ
ϵĴָŵĶĺ룬ŵһһӿͷ۽߳һˮ
´ϴ
Цһת䡣
ŵɹ˷ţ̵´ȻñӡǵûнԼıӴؿͷֻҪɲؽԼߣôϻҪ
ŵճűоԼһ£ƳһϢȻѸٵ˼֡
ݼʱ䡣
Ǳߵ˿ظ֮ɵðһĿǰϽżˣȫԼ˰ѰҲżٻؼҡ
ϽǸﻹźӣźȿͷ
ɶͷñɿ֣
ϺãˣҲõһأףһá˿һĺ顣
Ϻã˿緹֮ҺͿŵȥһˡͰչˡ
õء˿Ӧ
ɺͿŵ緹֮ɱſŵϳԶǳŻʹķʻ
ŵɵߣĿ͸ӿľɫ
¥Χǹʻķɳд͵ķɴרõĺ濪
ǵĿĵǻʹ
ŵԼջԱߵ˵ϡ
üӥĿߡ
ޱȵ˧
ɵĴܱ
ݹŵ˵˵ҲǿŵȴɶԼᡣ
ʶĵڶҪף㲻ҲһǼʵ鳱
ŵ֮ǰû뵽ɻô׵ͬԼ
ӦʱŸҪϢɽʹԼȥȷ¡
ȷʵ
ǿ뵽Լڳ϶˵飬ɰԼ
˵ɵľǲ档еĻŵֻϣԼǰܹӵ塣
Ȼ𽥵ȡеĵλ
ʹˣ·עⰲȫ
˿ѵŵ˼
߰ɡ
סŵһͬŻʹ߹ȥ
ɺͿŵ˵ݣһ··ͨ裬ߵµ޹ǰʱǱһ¡
ӵ£˹£ڴ飬ҰͨһſڵסɺͿŵˡ
ؽַԼ.ǰȻ˵
鷳ˣˡŵͷӦ
е𽥵ĻӰȻʧڿ֮СɿתһԼ򢡣
Ȼһ顣
ԭΪʦһס
ͳĻ׵ĴҪרŵķ䣬ռ˾޴ԭ֮ǰ뷨׺һпռ۵ȻԴֻ֮УЯ
ǰûǻ׵ʵ̫ˣе۵˻ס
һʱٻĻףȷʵѪǷ
Ϊһˣ˭ϲֶأ
ĵĬĬؽһн˼ƻ֮СȻĿǰļûдﵽǸݾʮ˷˳
Լֻ΢һĽȣӰ쵽ֵġ
˹£ӵ£ǽȥ
֮󹧾ضɺͿŵ˵
л
סŵ˽ȥ
Ǽ˵ľʵȨ
ǾյǾӵʵȨҴСԺǼʵĹѡٲ
ȻվȨҪоµϰ߾սĲҪרػ׼ԼȫǼʹ档
ȻЩҪҲרָһЩ͵ľ»С͵ľϰȨġ
վ鷢չԼҪûмǴĻŵɱʤԺڰֱ֮ɹѹĻӡ
ǿŵȴûм̳лλһֱ˾Ϊ˾ͳ˧
˵˺ڣǼʵĻʵֻһϵͳ˧ŵӵоʵȨ
ʲô𣿡
ݲطԼеıʣˡݲظоЩ֣˹ôͿŵһˡ
ʲôʱôϤˡ
˹ϲšݲزɫطԼеӡ
£½ҪӿŵмȶĻԼ
˹ϥأͷȭԼ.ǰһһٵ
ŵ״Ҳһ
ŶԼݲӦһȻ۾ˡ
ǵģҪ˹лԼ
ŵӦ͵
ԼǶϷ˹ҼǵϲĲţ
£ȷʵĽ£ǳŵµʱʲôһģֱ̇ݲһһ˵֮ķ˺ܶһ
Ҫǲ֪ʵ˿ĻᱻɺŪȥݲء
ŵɵĻ֮ɵһ㶣û뵽ɾȻࡣʲôһ飬ġô跹Ϣǣơ
ŵҪǵ˿϶ֽкãֻ֪֮һѡ
׼ȷ˵һһϡ
ŵȥ
һֳֻ˵֮ľ֮˼һȻݲسſŵ˵
ŵתͷվһߵɡ
΢΢ЦһЦߵֳſŵһ¡һ
ŵ˴ٴȻתתһ˲䣬ŵĿ⻹̲סɵϣĿ֮дһ˿˿ĵǡ
ҪʵڲеĻҲԺնࡣ
ŵ뿪ڹſڡ
û뵽ûײŰ˹
֣á
ŵ°
ԶԶؿŵ֮кһĺ棬سſŵ
Ϊ
Ŀ⳯Ŷ濴һۣǱµĹ֪ŵұʲô顣
ûʲôŵԸغ彻̸Ͼ֮Ĺϵ۸ӣӵĹϵйϵ
ŵǶһϲ
ǽ뻹ܹŵϵϢصζȻϢϢؼд͸ԡ
̲ζЩ˲ˬ
ʲôĲԵĵط𣿻Ϊζ˵䵭
Ӱҡҡ׹һ˫ʯһɫ۾뵳һˮ
ΪΪƽʱæӦûʱȥμɶԡҡҲס˹
ֹסʶ˵ʲô˵顣תס֣Լ֮С
omegaϵʱʱ̵̿Űס֫
̲סһ¿ˮֹסزһŭ
˹
ŵһ仰̲֮ס壬֮дһЩɻ˹粻仰˹񻹽뿪ˡѲûпʱ˷ʲô顣
˹Ǹˡ
ŵ糿顣
˹ǸӦҲڼʳɡ
Լ˵alphaȷʵϲֽεεһ
ŵЩĬĿƵϡ
촩ѩɫ·ԱߵİװĿڴװĶ¶˳ǡ֤Ǹմ
Һ˹ûʲôġҡҾ˹½˽Ҫ顣ҼȻѾ޸ˣô˹ҲҪ˼ҵˣϾôϲ㡣
ͷһ˫ӿŰϿȴһ˿һض۵ס
֣֪ջã˹лԼΪҵԵʣ˹ϲ㡣˹һʱ䣬ʱ𽥵ҵġ
תǰҪסŵ֡ȴŵɵرܿ
վһߵԭʱĽ鿴壬Ļʱɫɵ𽥱ù졣
֪˹ºӵһġ˱ʮѯ
˹½Ϳŵ׵ġ˵Щ鵹Ϊʲô
ⲻǳĵӦ
ϵˡôܹô£
ʹһ
ĻһŭϾԼӣȴᵽ˱ˡ
תһ룬˹ͷ˵Ǽ˾֪Լ飬ⲻ֤Լʵǿ˹ġ
˹ҲļѡҪԼҲ˹ļͥôҲں˹һʮ˻ʦŵĳƺš
ӵ£ĻҲǺġѾ˵ֵزӵ¡ϸһ¡
ˡס壬ӵ档
һȻַڰֱϡͨԱߵĿ϶¶һɬЦݡ
ɸո߳ͿǰһĻֱŵ
תͷһվԼߵĿŵĿӿŵƵϣϸղԼġѲָʲô顣
ϵͳղŷʲô
ûʲôİ¹̲һɰ롣
֮һ⣬ſҪŵ͡ǻǱ졣
ǳ
ӰĻѳ
һԼ䣬ԼһЩϵΪղŰĶ帧ƽ
˹¡Ҳ˿ŵվŵ˹
ĺܸ˼ղŻ߶أϣԺܹҺļ͡
صؽҺ⼸ҧúء
ܸҲϣҺͿŵļ͡
סŵļ
ӭʱμǵĻ񡣡
΢ЦǰİԱߵһס
ͬʱס彩ӲŤͷĿɡ
˹㵽˵ʲô
ϵ΢ЦЩ٣ǿ΢Цʵ
л֣ϾȻҲܺ˹ŵǰһǵסĿ⡣
˹ȷ˹᲻Ϊ岻ӡŵס˹߰ɣҲﵢͦʱˡ
˵תʱ򣬿ŵ̲סһ䣺лλԼķˣϣλܹǵĻһ֣ͬϾ
ŵĻû˵ֻһ£Ŀɨ塣
һ
⵽ô£˹һΪʲô
崹ߵֲɵսɶ
ͬʱһƵȻ档
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
ԭҲǿѽҸŤƨJPG.



63 AlphaϽ4
ϵǼʹһҪ, ڹŵĻ֮еĻÿһǼڲǼʹʱĸ䱸һǼ˺ţһ˺ŽһǼʹһ
Ҳз˺ŵĴڣһЩƫԶ
ŵ֮еĻͬԽһ, Ҳ˵Գʽʹá
˵ѾΪǼʹ֮вȱٵһ֡
һƵ΢֮һֿľ֮΢ش
, һӼǧǧ̶̵һСʱʱ侹ȻѾﵽĵ
ͬʱһƵתٶҲѾ˶΢תٶȡ
˹˹ֱ˧ˣ
ӿҰҺϲ㣬ֵ
ôо˵Ļеְ
˹Ҫ, ﲻң
˾ˣôоġ
˵ʲô, ǺĺȰ⿨ŵӺðɡ˭֪˹ϲӡ˵ʵòá
ƵûоϹƱ, ۹ַ֣ת˹Ȼ򹷡
Ƶ, ʲô, Ϊ¹ǰƻ˵ĸ飿
Щ˾Ǽ, ӿȫ˵omegaģЩomegaǼ, Ͼ˦ǵ˹أ
ϳûЦ, 侮ʯҲ, Ϊϴ׵ҲС
Ψûеľף˹Ϳŵ˵ۡ
Ͼ˹ȷʵͻ֮лԼϵ֮ǰҲһֱΪԼĶ, һ˿ŵ
֮еĴ󲿷˶зᶾһֽŵ˲ϤȽھԾ΢֮е, һŵǴһ֪Ľĳġ
ŵعʱҲûдһϢ, ֻżȻ֮һ졣
˽, ЩҲûף, Ͼŵӻصһûһʱ䡣
˹֮ĹϵӦҲȲ˹º֮Ĺϵ
, ڻʹһƵüΪ㷺, ҪϵйزŽɾ𣿡
˿ʵʱݣһƵԽԽ˴
ʾһomega󲿷ֵaplhaʵ˿
ŵʲô𣿡ɿ洫ϢŤͷ.ŲԼλõĿŵ
ʲô
ɿſŵĶɻʵԼҪûмǴĻŵһʼɳһͷţôԼôˣ
ŵһεЦһЦȻʲôûзȻѸٵسɿ
ŵͷ±ɺǳֹ
סɵĸ첲Ҳûɵŵĵ̧ԼӿԱߡ
ֻǾؿǰϢָѸٵطһһ档ŵԷ΢һ£Ҳ֪ʲô顣
ҶԣʲôҶ֧֡
ŵشĵȴĬĬ²ۣ˹ĶΪʲôûףˡ
ʲô𣿿Ǿˣ᲻һЩӰ죿
ɺȻ뵽ʲôסŵ֡
㱩¶ڹǰ᲻Σգ
ɵǵǵʵ
ûʲô⡣
ŵҡҡͷûʲô⣬һݼٹҲҪμһЩģᱻ֪
ֻ֪һѣ˵ʡһãʱ˵и˹עһ¾ĽĿϾڹڶھĽĿĹעձȽϵ͡
˵ǵ˵ȶֻʱפڱԵǼʵսѴݻϢڳĸߵȳ弫пѾʼˡ
ߵȳѾ˹ûв
ܹܳһҪԭϢԵȣŸ߶˵ļԴ͸Ӳǡ
ǶЩߵȳȴûʲô취ȵ¶ܹ֮жǷǸߵȳ塣
ѾڶԿߵȳս֮˺ܶսѡ
ŵĵװ̾һΪϽ֮ӵһҪǶԸߵ壬Ϊս
ϣһԶԶ
ŵ꣡
ŵؿɣ˫֮ãֻһ
˺Ϳŵ¹Ȼأһԣþã
˿ϵף
˵
Ц˵Ƭ档
˹΢ķ˿ĿǺܿɹ۵ġ
˹ĺӼŻʦͷǰʱҲûٷ΢
вٹע˹ɷ궯̬֮˲յ΢Ϣ
ǻżϢ㿪΢ı˹Ϳŵĺա
һͼ
򵥵û˵ʲôĶм֡
#δ㹲#
ˣȻѹףþá
ðɺðɣ֪һˣõķ΢ҫˣֶͷ
Ȼֿŵ³Ҳͦÿģ¡
˹߸ոշ΢΢Ҳһ顣
ǲͰ͵Ļǽ˹֮ûʲôϵǹġԼȻף˿ŵ
ɷ΢֮ûٹע飬΢Ҳע壬յϢԺҲûе㿪Ͼ˵һͷİ¹⡣
绹Ҫȥ𣿡
ɽԹصʵ
ˣ⼸춼ȥˡ
ŵش˵֮ǰһֱûݹ٣ҪҪԼĻԽǰûݹļڶһԸꡣ
ȻЩ̿ܲôһɹĻġ
ҴȥɡҪȥأ
ð˿ıʻķ
Ӧúúõ˽һ±˴ˡ
ʲô˼
ŵһĭ
úõ˽⣬һ˽
ŵסֲɵսĽŵóЩĺա
ôʵû׼á
ҪĻҲԽһ֪ⷽʶ
һҸߵǰͣ
ǡ
ŵһ·Ŀĵغͻݲڴ
ǰĲǸǳ²һŰģЩࡣ˵Ǽ򿨵ء
ȳԷһģԷû㹻
ɵ΢΢عڿŵͷһ£Ȼסŵļ򡣴󲽳˽ȥ
Ĳõ÷ǳ糺ɫ컨ϣΧǷۺɫĻ䡣Ҳǳ˫ɶԵġ
ÿһһ£ҡ
ֲòǰһͬе˽ӡ
ɨһȦ˿£ǸԷƵġ
ɺͿŵһȥСߵǵߡ
[𾴵Ŀҵ]
ʾһģµһomegaӡ
ɺͿŵ˸Сߵһſӵǰӵмڷŵǰɫõ廨
ػһɫĻ˵Χ
˱ɫĻڵ档ǵĲҪǷֹ˿̽Ϣ͸˵Ϣء
֮˫
ҪԵʲô
ָΧİɫĻ棬һɫıĻӰɫĻ֮ɵϡ
͸Ļ¿Կüĵ·
ɷֽ˵ݸŵ
ŵ˴һЩˣȻ󽫲˵ɡƳһۡ
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Ҳûڴ˻ϸĶֻһЩ嵭ĲƷȻֽ˵ٴβɫĹ֮С
𾴵ĿˣǲлС⣬ףÿһ춼ۡ
ԱһװĻˣŸСƷɵĺ档
ŵ۾ڿСƷʱ˲ûп˵
ЦһӹСе㡣Ȼ˿ŵС
Ǽ濴Ҫ׼һЩƷˡ
һ˼𣿡
ŵִеĺӣ澫ɵĸڷ档θڴ󿪡
ֻ˶ѡ
ˣ㲻һֱƷ𣿡
˿һ䣬Щɻ
лл㡣
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ŵڳϾͽеСȫˣ˲ûע⵽ľ
ȵ³ʱ׾ˡ
ǲǻؼ𣿡
˵˽Ҫúõ˽һ±˴𣿡
վڿŵߣſŵ֣һֳͬ߹ȥ
һʱȥ߿ƼĹݣ쳵˹ǹǣٽҹʱ߽˵ӰԺ
ӵӰԺʱŵ쳣˷ܡ˫۱ƽӵ
Щǰû顣
Сʱúܲ죬ֻƴѧϰ벿ԺҲûݹڡ
û뵽һеźȻڶ̶̵һʱ֮жˡ
Ҫȥأ
ؼҡ㾫񡣡
ɿԱ߿ŵӡ̾һ۰ΪʲôִǲϲŮѹ֡
õġ
ŵһ˲ʧ䣬˷㾫Ժ󻹻˼
Ϊ˹ܹԼһѾԼĿˣû뵽ĻиԼĵ顣
ɴſŵո߳ȥ򿪳ţתȴоԼֱס
΢һ¡ŵû˵ʲô飬תһطܹȥ
Ҫ߹ȥոߵһ߱㿴ŵ˻
ŵ˫ֱβסϲá
ôˣʵ
ǿŵû˵ֻǰٴһ
˰쳣ؽɴ㿴ǿŵЩĽë
͸㡣ŵڱõǰ˫һ龧Ө͸ĹƷĽָ
ָ渽һСɵľӨ͸ĵ̵õ塣
ҽʱ򿴼ģû뵽ڡ
ԽԽϲ㡣
ŵסɵָ֣ɵָǽָɵʳָ档
޳ָϴɫĽָӨõšСȴޱȵľ¡
ڴ˿һ˲䲻ȻͨһҹȴоԼԺ֮˲ʢżѤ̻
Ҳǡ
ֲָĽָ˫סŵļڿŵͷ֣ضӵһǡ
ϲһ׶˳ɡ
·һĻշ΢֮ϡ
ͬʱб֪·ͬʱƬ涼ɺͿŵصҲвͬ
Ƭϵݿܹ˸оֻһĴ֮е¡
ЩҲ׷ת򣬴󲿷˻Ǳһף̬ȣ΢淢Ϣ
Щ˹ķ˿Ҳҿŵ΢ҪÿŵһԼ
ףԸ˳þá
һЩ˰˰ڰһ۵ĺš
΢ķ˿޼Ψһע˾˹󣬵ķ˿ȴ֪С
һʱֲ֮²⿨ŵݵ˶С
Ȼ֪ǻʼҵĻӣҲûбЩйע
˳ͬµ΢ˣȻһˡء
û뵽ŵαѵһ죬ϰ˷ϲǣֶͷJPG.
أϽɶʱæˣ
Ͻ
Īۻˣ
˶ôע˿û֪ͨ˾ʹ沢ûʲôڮ˵۳֡
ɺͿŵǲôʹ΢ˡ
ƵҪǰ˿ѹƹϸ˲Żӱ˵Ŀ֪
ͬʱ
Ĺ
忴Լǰõԡ
΢ɺͿŵ˵ƬʵĿ
˹֮ǰϲ
ŵΪʲôԼĶ
ԼݻھϲԼ˶Ҫߡ
ѡɽΪŵҪίڰ
ŷԡ洫Ļˮŭ
ԲԼĶߡ
水¡
ɫͶӰϣӰʵʵĶСӡ
һСս֮УȻһСԼС
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ҹĵġ
ŵɵߡطһûŪһ˿һĶȻǽǱҪȫһ档
Ҫģ˯һҲûʲôҲʲô
ŵɵ˯աƿɵıӡ
峿ʱоԼһֻצ㡣
üò׽Լĸ첲ȳſſԼϵ˾Ȼǿŵ
ƳһԱߵŵıӻԭء
˯ôʵ
ȴûжֻǾٴκӣȴŵѹ
Ͼ飬ǵ˵ϢʱӦǲġ
ãɱоԼϵϸ΢ĶҪ۾оȵĶԼĴϡ
ɵĽë¡
˲۾ĿϿŵŴס
ŵһҪ뿪ȴɷְס˵λ˲
˹ŵһɵļ沿΢Щ죬͵ױץסЩ̫˼
ղŵĵأţ
ɶſŵӣЩɳƣһͳβԾ쳣ضˡ
ŵ֮ɫ˲ٴκһȡ
ŤͷЩ˼ؿɣٴνɵϡ˫ֳסɵļɵĴһǡ
ϴ
ɿ˿ŵļڴߣȻоѹŵһɵĲ
ǽҪʲô
ǼǴ
ԼࡣǰûŵĻӦ
ôԸ⣿
΢תüЩסĿŵ
Ҿ̫ˡ
ŵ˰죬ȻŹڴǸһԼӵס
Ҿ̫ˡ˵ġ
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˻Ǻܶġ
ΪͬҪԼҲ
һߵϲһߵԹȻҲвǵõŵϲá
סŵ֣ߵŶӡ
ȻǼʣǺǶһĪĳ羴С
˹Աֻ࣬ٲֵĻõġ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
ҲǷǳŬµһ졣
ûСʹԸ⽫ҷŽղؼأԻҲа


64 alphaϽ(5)
ɴſŵ, ԾŶӣǵǰһ£пŮ
˵Ļ
ǰٶʵ, ǶЩЩС˵ÿһӶоһֱļ尾
ŵ̲ס̽ͷһǰˡ
һ, 
ǻĶԵ׼Ĺ
ŵ̸һվڿŵסŵļ򣺡Ҫһ𣿡
ʲô취
ŵ۾˲һ¡
ҡ
һ¿ŵļԭҪǰСѺõĽһλ, ýǮש
û뵽ǰһalphaɵʱ˲
˹¡
˹£һalphaԱߵOMEGAѵĺ֮˲Ťͷѵߡ
˹¡
˹£ôˡһalphaԭЩ棬뵽ʲôط֮㽫û˵ڵĻȥ
˲ǽľԼġ
λǿŵδİ¡
ǵ, Ǻҽŵ
ŵ°á
Ҳߵ
ԭʼı֮һ
Ƕ̲סǰ˼ҪĦһǰˡ
ǰһ·Ȼÿŵߵ˵ǰ档
, ǻʱ䡣
л
ŵԭЩ˼, ȴһAlphaİ˰ֵ
, ʱԽԽȫ, ϾҶҪ˹ºա
Ҳ𣿡
ŵǰһ¡˿˹ʱжЩ, ˹ķ˿
Ļ
ǶӶЦ
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ǰȴļ˵Ľ̸֮, պ˲佫ǵǰ, Ȼɹõɵĺա
ɺͿŵƾźճɹĻ˸ǰλá
̨ǰһƯbetaС㡣ѯ˵Ϣ쳣ᣬֹסЦ⡣
˵ߵĺѸ, ˵ϢȻǩְӡ, ¼Ϣʶ
Ȼ󵽺ġ
֤һŰֽע˵Ϣ
ʵһŰֽò
ڵ˸ʹϢҲᴫݵרݿ֮С㽫һֽŪҲûʲôϵ
ŵɴӽ߳ʱŲЩƮ
ɽ֤ս˿ڴ֮С
Ȼؼ, ȥһԺԼ¡
˿Ƴ˲˵ǰ
ð˿ȥ, Ŀǰһ顣϶»ҹ
ִ, һֻһ¿ŵͷ
ȻŵͷЩӲ, ɻ̲סһࡣ
ҪǺæĻ, Ҳҡ
ŵһɣϳ֮ǰӵһɡ
Ҫ̫ƴ
ġ
ĿͿŵ뿪֮ԼϰڶɳԺ
Ժ˺٣һʱΪף˳ķżʱ䡣
Կ״ԺĴţݼָָʾҵԭĹ̨
ԭû뿪֮ǰѾ˼һ׵ˡ
ǲ֪ΪʲôԭΪʲôܹԼ뿪һ硣
ԭȥˣ̲סʵ
ԭȥ˿Ƽչ̶ȸӸߵȵλ棬ΪĿǰһĿƼѾķչ
˹ˣԭߵ·ߣ
ûԭĪ֪˾飬϶ԶԭԼҵ˼ҵ̤ʯǺԭ֮ȥ˸ߵȼλ档
ߵȼλ棿
˼һһλĿƼչˮƽ
ǲҪԭ̽촩996ɡ
ô֪ģٺٺ٣滹ôġ
ǡ
ô֪ģȻΪôĿ촩֡
ûٺϵͳ˵űʣչԭĵ֮ͼֽ
ɽԭ޸Ĵĵط»ƣͬʱڴ˻ϼһЩµ롣
һֱϣȫĵسͼֽĻ֮
ֱԷһĵϢɲŴַʳ״̬֮
ɽǰͼֽɨ֮СҪȥһ£ûͿȥˣȻ߳Ժš
ϹŵӣɴԣһĺȻ塣
ԭȻóرġ
˹·ҿȹݡܹһҸ˵һЩڿŵϢʵЩΪ㵣ġҾӦúúõ̸һ¡
Ҫʲôɲ⡣
Ҫȥ𣿡
ܰʾڶ׶εûɣȥ˵ܹɵڶ׶ε񡣡
϶Ҫȥҵÿ嵽Ҫʲô۶ӣ˵ҪϿŵⲻԼȥ𣿡
ԭļɴûԭ棬³
*
һߣŵ
ҹѾˣ˹Ȼûл
˷ֿʱ˹˵Ͽ϶ġ
alpha죬ƭ˵Ĺ
˹
ŵЩǺȻյһϢ˱ɡ
ŵæ㿪Ϣ
ϻõҡ
ŵϢ˼һ
˿׼һ£ȥԺ˹
˿׼ĺܿ죬ŵϳЩ˹ԼӦûܿİɡ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
׼ԣͣһ죬ָ


65 alphaϽ6
³, ̧λá
·߶Ǹ˼ϲĵطˮƽȽϸˣҲϷΪ˽֡
ɾֱԼĵط
·кܶˡֲڰʢ
ҿȹݵĴɨһһĽҵ￴Щŵ塣
һ´ȳǱ߹ȥɸոߵԱ, ߵԶ
˹, ˡ
۾΢΢һº˵Ҿ֪϶ģﻹҵĲ
˵ˡ
忴ֱĶҲûпףͷ, ָסеĲ豭
ϲ
ɫ쳣į˫סӺҪӱ漳ȡһЩ̧ͷȴûֱɡ
ɷϵȴǺƯĲ쳣ľ, ޳Ŀ⿴Ŵкˮ
Ǽϸղ˵һ仰ȴ쳣뵽ʲôֵĵط
ҽ, 㿴ܲ, ΪҸ𣿡
һˮ, ܿ˷Ա㽫ˮ͵档
ɿָסӵϷ, Ȼ͵ɵǰ
˹֪֮ǰлԼ, οǡ
йزһ, һ˫γӶ, Ǳ˺һȴɼᶨסԼеĹ⡣
ô
һڱеĲˮĿбӵؿŴķ羰ı, Զ֮
ˮɵ⡣ɵüһ壬ˮɵĿС
̲谡رϲ
ؽ豭Ƶһ, ɫ塣
޸ܹѡġ
崹ָſȱ֮еľСɵ, ſЦһ
˹, ҲҸʵ, ҴûѡȨŵϲ, ҵԸǿиƥ˰, ҡ
˫ʶһ£Ȼ˫棬ſϣ˫ڵסա
ɿı顣
вϣҪҸһ̵ܶȽĳ˵Щ֣𽥵ر󡭡
ϵͳֻ˵֮жһ˿˿
֪ɵ˫ֹؾصķԼ˫ϥϣڸ֮£ɵָ֮һɫųӡ
ԲԲĹĵСɵֱڲϲֳӣ׵裬Ҫǿеá
һҪӻصϡ
ɳ岻עһ˫һӢ¾ӡ
žߴ
ǳӰɵһ״ӡ
ԼҲһҩĴС
Բİɫҩ˲䱻󱬣֭Һɵָ֮С
ɵɫںڣɱˡ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ϵͳһЦɹɼСڱ
ϵͳҲмһʡ
Ѹٵֳһֽ
̧Ѿ˹زԼָ
ֲ֮һ飬ûнĿԼϡ
̧ͷЦһ
˹ҡ
һϸǱˬ죬͸ղżֱر
ɲֵĶһͣ壬ҪʲôϷ
ܺãʲô֣
ɵˣ
ɵӻֱ壬ϵĵѾˡ
Ǹӵã
˹
ޱؿ壬˫ִߣӵһֻȻֽ߬
忴ɻصͷ˫ֳ͵վ
䣬Ա
22alpha
ããܺãܺã
۾˲΢΢ǰ㣬ۿͿҪɡ
ȴȻʲô
㣬㵽ϲ˭廹ǿŵ
ɵһûֱӻش𣬵ȴԼĶͷɫ쳣ʹࡣ
循һô£
˫ֱͷǷ
ϲϲ
ϲ˽壬𣿡
һţ侲Ųݿܵ׺ŵв
Ȼɽƽԡ
˹ҡ
ѿһ˿΢ЦƵؿվԶһˡлһ˿ٺΡ
ֻɵǰȥſ˫Ҫӵ뻳С
Ȼɵֱ۱ץסɸоԼƤһ
ŵˣΪβң
⿴Ϸ̫Ͷˣûע⵽ϵͳЩ˼˵ղݵһʵ̫ÿˣղŹ̲סֽкá
ҿҲûӵ˼ԭٿһıݣڡΡ
ڳԹϳԵøˬ
ӼţҸͯսΪӰİ¹⣬»֮ҹӵɷάϵĻάϵ¹Ļչ鱻ץƵ޿ˣⳡúȥδӣտؼҵĳŵ
죬ļȥ
ɵĶֱӲǹߵģһپͺˡ
ŵ£
ջԼҪӵסɵ֣⿴Щ㶵ɣȻǰ
ʵǲ˼Ҳû뵽˹Ȼôϲҡǰֿ˿ŵȴŵܿ
Цһŵ»ǿԼɷȽϺãϾҪǱĵƬȥ
ҲˣȻȥˣҲؼҰɡ˵һ仰֮ƺаʾʵؿԱߵɡ
Ȼŵĸоһֻһ˲ᱻɴ
ŵɣܹɫīˮ
ӻǹܺԼɣϾΪһѻomegaһalphaȲ˵ǲǼ˹ԼģȫĿӦɡ
֣ôߣòûкͰ˵Լİɡ
˹ɺ˵ˣ㡭Ҳƺżɡ
֪˹ƣϾ˹Ҳ֣Ǿ˹ϲϲʲô˼أ˹Ѿ˰
ʲô˼⻰ԱƤЦⲻЦĿŵ
ϲҶ壿ŵʡ
ɫࡣ
ΧĵطŵĳԹȺ۾ɵõɴ
еôʻܴϲɣ
ҵȻϲˡ
һʧߣֻ档ȫùˣҪǻʣһҪȫڿŵϡ
Ӧˣˣ
΢ЦŻӻ֡
뿪ĽŲãĶӡ
ŵӲɨڳˡ·ջ˿̽Ŀ⡣
ŵ
һ֪ղŵưЩܡӦҲȡ˰ɣϣ岻ҪԼʧ
ҪֱӺͿŵ˵һ¶װ¡
㲻ɵڶ׶
ɷʵ
û˵ϵͳ뿪
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
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ҹţλõͯճӰ硶ؼҵջİ
лλСʹף䡣
࿼ʦܺã鲻ֶͷJPG


66 AlphaϽ7
ŵɵ֮ĿΧ˵˻, ŤͷվԱߵɡǿŵȴû˵ضɡ
ŵػһ
ŵؿɣû˵ֻĴ, ü΢
ôˣɿſŵöԸ˵, ̲סʴ
ŵЩԹĿһɣҪ˵ʲôȴֻҡҡͷȻɵ֣ŵشȥ
ǻؼҰɡ
ɿŵɫܿŵѾƴؿסԼ, ɻһ˿˿ίڸ档
á
ûнֻǼ򵥵Ӧһ
һͬ߳ҿȹݡ氮˿Ѿˡɸſŵ˳ǿŵȴûкǰһɵ߶ֱɳһߡŵָסԼ·ͷһ·Ҳûпɡ
Щ, ԭǿŵ
ս
㲻, ӦԼδalphaϽоЩ
һҲûз˼Լ˼, ֳԼ, ˫Ƚһߺûֱ׽סͰ¹Լо
˻ص֮, ʰԼֱ֮˴ϡŵռݴһûп, ֻǾɵһ, ȻֽԱߵıƿԼĹ˽ȥ
ŵ, ȴûб۾ԱŪЩOOЩֻһСʱ䡣ȻԱ߾ûˡ
ĵûйصλһߡ
ŵҲ֪ɵ˯ûСҪɺһ, ɺûһ˼
ŵĬĬеıӱԵһ¡
ȻǱȲġϾܹ»ɷ»ҹȥ˿϶һɷռҪĵλ벻ܹȵϵġ
뵽ʱ˽֮ǰڳ˵һ, ˹, ҲҲԼȥָ˹
ŵЩʧ䡣
ǲǺ, ǲں֮˺Լһ顣ѲԼʸû𣿲ȻΪʲôԼ˵һ仰
Ҫþ֪һϽôϱǵһѵ𾪵°͡λǰսϵʱǿŻսķ, һ˾ܸɵһȺˡ
ǰѶЩߵȳʱ治ɫôһƸеomega
ǿ϶ŵһˡ
ɱŴͷ, û˯ǽԴһһԺùͼֽϸϸؼֵܻĴ
, ղŵĳӳɷԼöˣҰݴ㡣
ϵͳһ˲֮нӹɵԣϢһԶȫ͵ɵ档
ĵƹһ˲䣬ָֻ
õģлӦһ
ˣ
ϵͳһԭԼܹüԼôòʱ򰡡뵱һʼʱһոտ촩ֲõˡ
˵ǽһɿʲôǰл鷳ˡڶ gun
ɽϵͳϢ΢ɨһۡ
һֳӡӡɷ֮»ãѵܹΪǰĵĻ֮еĹƳ档
ҪԼǲ֪е׻ʣ¶ĳӡԼжٵ˱ˡ
ɽϹصĬĬؼͼֽȷû֮㽫
ֹصƵ±оԼֱ۱˽ס
ŵ֪ʲôʱɵߡ
΢΢ƫͷںҹ֮ҲܹĿһ˫ɫעԼ
ʲôĵطҿԸġ
žķΧƣɿԱߵһֱ۳Լ֮ϡԼ޳˫Щ޴űסɵ
ɵɫЩŹ֣û˵
֪Լݣʲôĵط˵Ҹġ
ɸоϵ˻ظЩµԼϡ
ְסŵļЩƣʲôݣ
ǣҡ
ŵһ仰֮һΣĽë
֪ǰԼϷɽŵ£ǸӦ뿪ɼʹ벻ҲӦô˵ȴʼǣջռϷ硣
һôֵزľȻԼӵ塣
ŵǰˡͲЩΪνİˡȴǰԼƲһˡ
㻹֪֮ͦġ
Цһ
Ǽһ˾ԲôЩҲԣһӼ浽ڵĵεΣһʼŵ;Լϲ塣ѡֻΪȽ
֪
ŵͷ֮˵ÿһ仰ö۵ӸࡣЩ
ɲҵϡ
˫ַסŵ̲סִֻŹһ¡
ݣϵļܽʵһͷýǡ
ҡ
ŵܵϴղûɻ֮ȴҪɵ뿪
Ȼ֮䣬תŵоԼ˽ѹ˴ϡ
ϲԲøġ
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˵Ĺأ޳ȥĻŮڽĵػʹ
ԺʱҲǿԻػʹסģǴ󲿷ֵӻ߹Լɷס档ŵĹһҲס˶ٴΡ
ǿŵһalphaûн֮ǰ;ھú٣ϾػʹҲûж೤ʱ䣬ǶԾӵϤһ
иҷַӣҴȥ
ŵɵ֣ͲĸоԼĶ˺סƺһ
ȴдЦ⣬һǹġ
ȷʵҪȥһ
סŵļǴһ˿Ц⣬ôҲڸǲȥ͵ȵó֮ĵ⡣
ӣ˹£Ѿˡ
һ·š
ȹȥɡ
ְŵһ±ԼղŸ°ŪЩ·
һžȻͰ
ĺ棬˰úܽȴ»һ۸С
˹հհȻȷȷʵʵȢ壬ҪĶǰ񡣱Ͼŵݱ΢һ
£λհ
ŵû˵ŶһϰԵرһĲӡ
ĿһԱߵĿŵ¡λԼھ˵ʱ򻹾þ˴ʵ̫ˡ
ڿȷʵе顣
ŵƳһ۰̺űѩ忨ŵɫܹظоһѹԼϡ
ЩĿǰİɫЩ̫ԾԽԽ԰ס
˹Ҫȥǿһ𡣡
ߵ˫ֻսԼָȴڲŵΪʲôôǿأ
ΪʲôŵľѾܹӰ쵽ԼˣǼʵalphaô
ǰһʱʱûôǿľô£
Щҡһ˼ȴرüᶨ
ԡͣһûбһӿƣǶĻҪ˳
ܸоڱʲôСô˻ѵڶ׶εɡ
ŵԼŵľ˻̧ȴɿһ˷ܡ
alphaڴ˵Ļ棬˹˼Ρ˹ʱƲۡ
ŵЩһ𣬵Ҳ뷴ɵľŵ΢һɡվĺܽŵСָסɵСָ
ɻŵоԵǳԴˣ׹ƻöһӡ
˹£뿨ŵ¶׼ǼʻΣҪҪһ𣿡ڿŵջؾԺ˲һֲһԼĶͷ
תһ뿨ŵֵҲǺ£ĸһĻǵҲͲˣ
ɳ˼һŤͷԱߵĿŵأ
ɡ
ŵ˵֡
֮ʱЩʹѵȻ˹
ⲻһû᣿
建̧ӣ۾һգգĿɣ˹ºһɡ
á
лҪ˵
q(RQq)


67 AlphaϽ8
ɺͿŵԼþʱԺ뿪, Ĵ¾ֱӼ˻ʵۡ
»ӻ߹عʵ֮Ҳûʲô飬ֻʵ˵һЩףĻ;ػʹСȻ˾Ϳһ뿪ˣһβ֪Ϊʲôʵ۾Ȼɵ
ŵ, ɳ֮Ҳûи߿ŵ浽׷ʲô顣
ת֮㵽˺Լʱ䡣
*
ǼʵķɴǿԺϷ˽лġӵзɴ֮ǰҪйزű, ͬ͵ķɴвͬ͵ĹܿҪ
ӵеִͷɴʹ֮ǰҪصĺĿĵصġһ˵ֻҪǸʲô£ֻҪ׼
ףǰխ, 벿һ޴͹ǶƵĲĥɰЧֹĿ̽
ǿ֮ڹŵʱһֱҪ̽Ѱ֮ȴѾΪǼʹһ֡ۺʱиǻܹܵĺ嫡
ǡ
ŵ˫ֳԼĴ, ָָһ¾ķλ
ͱͬһǰһɫ¡վڿŵ, ϴŴɫԡ, һһˮ
ŵһü, ֽӹеë, Ȼɰڴϡ
֮ǰ˵Ҫͷٳ, ԼǾôʪĳˣ
ŵ֮ǰ˵ĵ͵ġ˫ꡱ
Ҵ, ´λǵõġ
ɿŵ, ȵͷԺߴٿŵȥϴ
ĸ˵У˾ƻ֮ദʱ, ŵûʲô˲ĵطʱǹ쳣Ŀ죬ת֮ĸ˱һĿĵظϻȥ
ǵ֮, ԼһһС㡣
˹ܹȥǱ߰æһҪĶ𣿡վڿ, ϴװɫӷ, ָָķ
õġɽһˮƤ, Ȼֱӽŵ, һֻĿŵļ򣺡Եһ¡
λڷɴ, ǴٻؼҵġͰҪһףᣬ˵ʲôòһôõĻᣬһֵļ䣬ԺҲκεź
һ仰֮һ¿ŵŵͦȤģûзԡ
ִרƵľƹ׼õľƷȥ
ҪȾ𣿿ܺúȵӡ
⼸İҿˣû뵽ǼξȻô˼ҲǳĶҲҪһǼš
ĺ˳ǰ촫ǵоϢӦǼٵİɡ
ģģģҪº顣ҽɷõżҵݵھӾΪǵһ˶ûл
ôҪصĺ߰ɣĻҲֱӲʧġʱӪжҲӵ˳һ
ɴһعȥϢ´𣿵ʱΪǼе·ϸʲôСͱֱĽ顣
ʱǲ²϶СŪĳӵӵĶһ˵ɻ
ɰʱὫһ΢͵ֱͷԼϣͿֱ˿ķ羰
Ҫ˳ʲô⻹ֱܹһ˳϶áҪ壬Ǹ˵Ϣͻֱӱ͵ȴĽʿѵһ͡
ҲͬĽ顣
һ·嶼ûʲô쳣ķӦɾ͵Ǹˣ嵽ʱҪСˣѲɡûһϢ
ˣҲһܹˣǻһá
ƿӣոǰҪǰŸƿǷɴȴϻζһ¡
ɴϮ
ԭɫĵƹ˲˳ɫ
סƿӵ͵սŷɴĻζҡ¡һϤĶĸͷ
ȻηɴַųŽϺеĸŻ.ǿӲѹȥ
ֱǳȴ˿
תסƽʱôõŰ֡Ҳȥ
ɴڵĹѾ׵ı˳ɫ
ô£
Ϯ
òǺɣѻ죡
˵˿𣿸Ͽ֪ͨһ֣

Ч̫ã浽׷ʲô飬ڿŵ档Ҳ֪ʲô
彫Լ֧϶ǹġ
ɺ̨档ɴĳҲû㹻Ŀռ佻ܡ
˼³š˿
ô죿
Ǳߵף
ľɴٴǰһξȲǶ̶̵Ĺȥӵʱ䡣
棬ܹٶ60%ʩ
ʩֹ
ɴ
վԭأղ˺üŵǶûгɹĽŸ߿
ǿֵߵķʩĻͦõġϾȷʵȽϰȫһЩˣ֪עʧܵȫԶŵͷš
ǺҲûʲôõķܹȥġ
һָŵɫõָһµĻףóҷɴͲҪˡǵһķ
ڱ˵ĴӵΣա
ϾտŵҪûʲôѲĶֵĻѾԼųˡ
ڻʲô취ܹܹϵأ]
֣ڵʲô
50%
ô죬Ѿһˣ
ҵǰڵĳŻõǰİ֡תڳ淭ҿûʲôܹʱ䵱һװá
Ҫܹҵ˵ܹȥϣ
ǳʵ̫ɾˡС˵϶ûּӲϸĶ
飡
Ǳ˴һ¡
飡
š
ſʼɶ
˹ܹ𣿡
ӵ˲ʹ˳һԭЩĹֵĵط
ŵ
һܵſԶһȻ󺰵û£
ҡ
ٴͶһ£һιźȻ𸽽һ
ŵɼæܹȥһӵסվſڵˡ
̫ˣû¡ܹܵԭҵ˲䱻Ŀȫǰ˵ϡϤζɵıǼ⡣
ɽӵסŵҪԼĹѪ֮С
ǿߡ
ɸоŵæɿ֣ļϸϸĿһһǰˣ
ǺɫѪɫ˲ʹʹɵ˫Ŀ
㡭
סŵͷֶڷ
ߡŵԾֵһԼ۾ɫսͷɫ涼Ѫա
ɸղžȻһûע⵽
ŵϽ˾ͲҪ˰
Ϥһ˿ҵĽŲŲĽࡣ
˹£հ
ѩɫӷ˫ִոµסͷȴǽɫǳɫɫǴʱ˿Ӧڷɴ֮еľ
ŵ˲ɵнһǹ
ˣڻͷ˿ɴᷢ䡣
塣
ɱŵ󡣴סе³Ҫʲôˣ
ŵ£˵ģʲôѲѵģұǳ˰
վߣǽԼִڰϡ
ǰһջطǰ
Żһǳ׼ڡ
ҽһ¡
ӣ壬μ棬λָ̡
лҪ˵
q(RQq)


68 AlphaϽ9
ʲôҸòˣ
˵ʲô, ӣ
⻹ʲôŵģ׿˵ġ
ǣ˭ܸڵʲô
ֱˣղŻΪɺͿŵ˼
Ļһ˲ըˡ
ҪûĻ, ŵʵǳĶ, 仰˵֮оȻ˳Եס
Ҫǡӿ֮д˶ʮꡣ
԰ΪʲôΣ
ǿ쿴΢ͨˡ
ɵһֱֱӷϵġлںƶۿⳡֱ֪
ҲڶĹ֮ǰ׵׵ؽ¶ı
ָߵȳ֮ʱ, ûаһϢҪǺڵĿֻš
ڹѾڹ΢泳ǲѽһϢ
ߵȳһ쳣򵥵Ĵȴڹڵһ޴Ӱ
һվڿŵ, ͷ, ڵסĹ
, ҪִԲˣŵﶯ֡
ŵӦȰֿŶԡ
ʳָ˻Ρ
ĿӿŵϻƵվڿŵɵϡ
ЦһؽԼϵİɫһᡣֵ·Ļҳ, Ľƽ
ŵ, ־ܻü΢΢һ¡
ü, ǳа, ¶޺ӡ
˵ĻȴòȻ෴
𣿡
ŵǰһ, ̧
ĳӡ
Щ޴ÿһԼг˰С
ǵźɫļƬ, ЩƬˮ룬Ӳޱȡ
ŵսֳ, ֳǵ۾ǵİ취̴ǵ۾, Ȼƻǵ񾭡
˹, 󡣡
ŵһǹһֵֻɵǰ, ŵ΢΢תͷ˵
΢һС
ŵĿֱǰƶŵĻûзӦ
ĽŲȴ΢ǰ, еǹ𽥵ɢڿ֮С, ǹڵλѸγΪһ
ԭֳǹתΪ˫ֳֵ
˫̯ʼ磺֪Ĵˡ
ҵġ
ʳָ˵Լ´סԱ߰˳Աȥ
ĳ忪ʼɧ
ЩӵĺڴĦ
ƵɴĲձڱǵȲһһĻۡǿӵҰһݣĿͻ
Һһһ˳ݵصڴϡ
ֻһαڲձϸʴһ΢С
Һһ𡣡
ɵطڿŵļϣǰ뿨ŵ
Сġһ£ֳǹճһֻϳһС
ɴӿŵϣӹһѩɫĳ
վһ߿ɵѡ֮һ
վߵİ忪ʼĿзֲ̿ѵĳĦ
ȴİ֣ԭЩİ˲ƽ
뿨ŵɫࡣ
໥֣ɲ֮һֻɫļ׳չʳᳯǷ˹ȥ
ɫļ׿Ǹ߸ߵ̧ǰɫڳᡣ
ͨһܹļ׳治ֳͬӵڳ沼˰ߵ㡣
ɫ˿״İߵӿǴƿֱֱز뵽ɴĲ֮ϡ
˿ӣɺͿŵ˵Ļռơ
һЩӳͿŵ˷ȥİ˿ûд뵽ɴĴϣֱֱĳ˵ȥ
˷İ˿˰Χ뿨ŵ˱ԱֳһƮӰİ˿նϡ
նϵİ˿ɼͱ׷Ĵӿ¡ڽŵ׻㼯̳һɫĵ̺
Сˡ
վһߣڽֵΡ
Ĺһ£ס³ݷһ
Щ̫Ը֡
ô˵ֻˣʣµĳӻһ󲿷ûϳ
˵Ӱڳ֮Ѹٴᵶ䣬ӽ֮ɫĳӰ¡
ЩͰķɴͬʱҲЩ׳ķӡ
ҪסѾȥӦˡ
ŵҲ˵䲻˹ˡ
ҺˣһҪƽƽػ
ɶ壡
Ҳû˼ȥֱĵĻһԾ𽫳ſŵɹȥĳն
ɵĽŻش档Өĺ鸽ͷϣϡ
ɴڴһֻŽһֳֻŴȡɫͨ죬ϵ·Ѿˮʪ
ԱߵĿŵҲ̫á
ĳʵ̫ˣֻ˳Ϊƣʧܡ
Ҳ޷ϵֻڷս
ûϣľز˾ġ
ɣһ㵽㡭
ŵ˱ԱŵƫͷʱȱˮЩɬһЩɳơ
ŵ˵뿪Ļֻ˵һ룬ʣµĻһתֱȥ
ֽҪĹͷŻȻ˽ˣȻһͬͷ
ŵĺ΢΢һ£ǿӲؽͷѹȥʼվǰʱûзĳ塣
Ҫһߡ֪ŵҪ˵ʲô
ᶨôش𣬼ڼѾپ
㡭ŵͷ΢΢Щɬӿϱͷ
ʱܹʱطͰĲ˾Ͳһ⡣
ͰʱܹʱĽ
ô
ֽ֣˵ûɵĸ鲻ŵԭأ
Ϊɵʼһˣ½ɺֿ»õɵĺǳ⡣Ҫ֪Լ
ǰһܹʲôأ
ԭ˽һ档
ΪϽȻûзߵȳݣҲʧ
ΪԼ˽ģΪԼĴҪΪʧ򵥡
һҵģ뿪ŵ侲˵
Ѿ˾ǷΪԹ
ǿĽĸ鰡壿
һЩڼžĴ֮
ſڣԭҪ˵Ļ仰ϡ
ǰĳ˲ÿһ·
վڶ棬ֲ·Ŀڴ档ִһǷЩؿվڶˡ
˵Ķ˹
Ľż΢ӯس߹ȥ
˹ϲ˲𣿡
˵˫Ŀԣһ쳣Ʈȴޱȵ
̧ϸָɵոȥȻֱǯס
ŵ£ʲôǴŲ⡣
ҲҪʲôŵЦһ͵ؽָ˦
ǺǺǡ
ͷ΢һ£գգۿɡ
˹㲻˵ϲҪɱŵ
ɵ΢Ĳһ£ֻսеĽ
ĸ첲̧ȴһֱڷеĽͲȡ
̧ǿƵķ¡
˹ɱŵ
ŵ˹ӣΪߵرü
һ̧֮еĽȻ͵ĳǰ˹ȥ
ڣ
дϴѪ֮䡣

ŵŵĻ
˹Ҫɵֻ֣ſڣѪӿӿ
ϲڶ׶ɡ
лҪ˵
ȡ


69 AlphaϽ10
ŵЩŵش, ɫĳ͸壬ʺѪҺ͸·ΧȾ
ޱ顣ס΢γһ, ΢, нѪٴ롣
Ѫ뽣ĦϸСͷƤ顣
۲Ҫ
һƬǺԹ
ǲɾȻܹɳ
۾ѾɱȥˣΪʲôҪأ
һֻסŵļޱ顣
һӿŵĸγ
ԭɫմȾʺɫѪѪ㼯һһεĵڷɴĵذϡ
ɴϰɫ˿״մȾѪ, ֪˭ѪЩζڿ֮
ɵĶŵ΢ǰһ¡˫Ѿ֧סս޳˫һӿڵϡ
һְֻסԼ˿ڣһֻųĶ˿, ƴҪڽԼ֧
Ӱҡҡ׹󳹵׵صڵϡ
Щŵǰ, ǰµˡ
ýŹס򢡣ʺѪҺӿŵǻ
վ, סΪڲԾط
˰ɡ
彫ų, ü, Щͷ
ִڰȻת
һſ, ո, ȴǺȻ뵽ʲôһ
¾ͽ, 㲻ʧģ԰, ɣ
΢΢תԥĳҵķ߹ȥĳȴһɵ
ڼһ
ɵ΢΢һ´סֻս
ǰ, ץסŵĸ첲, ŵڵϡ
ɳڵķ߹ȥ
ŵĦõ淢ɳɳ
Ϊ, ɴѾˡ
Ǻڶ·һŴ, ˲ɡ
סŵ
ոתϿŵĽë, 
סŵ, оסһֻڲԾֽԼַס
ŵ֪ʲôʱѾ˹۾
΢ŤͷĿ⿴ƺҪ˵ʲôȴûſھ͸оɵֺȻԼг˳ȥ
ĺԼ۾һƬɬ
ԭԼվǱȲġȻˣΪεҪԼսԼһϣ
ֳŵȴоԼĸ첲Ȼקһ¡
ŵҪɵ뿪ǺȻоԼļס
˫ֽŵ𣬾ŵһ˲䣬ĳ忪ʼЩ궯
ʡŵںʧѪർû̫ɻ뿪
˵һ仰ȴѾþе
֪Լһ׸㡣
΢΢ƫͷĿڿŵϡֻѾ˫ۣһηӡ
̾һֻϣŵ֪֮󣬲ҪԹԼźá
ԹԼԼҲֻţϾЩҲԼġԼİ¸ûˡ
ɻؽŵһֻſŵļһֻȴĵס˿ŵ֡
ϵĽָ֪ʲôʱѾԼժ
ָСŵС
ŵ΢΢һĽëһ
ǶƺЩʸСǶСɣƺЩǵɵһöָ
ҡ
ɵջĲһ¿Ĳѹüֻͣ˿
ŵۣȴһ˲䱻˳ȥ
ŵؿһɡ
ѾӦǼʵĻǵѾܹ֤̫ջҲԶش5Сʱ
ͬʱŵϵսܹǱ̫յĲԤΣա
ˣҲֻܴһ졣
̫գǼʺʵһֱӽɱǸϲַʽĥʡ
۾˿Ҫˡ˹ڵġ
ۿһҪסѵͲΪԼ𣿣
أҴˣ£˹£һһ
ѵûзʲô̫Ծĵط˹Ӧ֪ǵлᱻֱİɣ
԰Щıˣ
ǿ쿴˽˹ºͿŵ¸ղŵһƽǿȥ
ܸозתⲨԸ˵ԼԤԼң
ֱ˷׷һ顣
ɽɶȥ֮ߵʱ򻺻ս֪ŵָֽܹܲصĻס
ʴ԰ŵȹһЩʱղ⡣ŵ϶ԵȵľԮ
ɻתӰããĳ֮Сֱӳҵķ߹ȥ
ҵļ֮ǰղŵһĻ۵ס
˫ȴأŵĻĶȥ
ɵò
建Ĺ˹ʳָӵĹɵǰȥһĶ£̧ͷʳָ档
ѽŮʿ϶ϲġ
ջֲָ·Ŀڴ֮ϣЦ
ڸǲס⡣
㽻ŮʣôҾǳ˳ļ̳ˡ
ʺ۳ôֳֻᷱĳվֻǳӣĳ϶˼ĸߵȳͳΡ
һʱ侹ȻԶԡǸΪŵҰֽкأǸΪҽԼֱ͸Ůʵ޴ֽкã
˶ġ

塣
ǼʵķɴڳϽ䣬ǳ¿ʼڴѾȥʱ䡣
ѾӵĻ֮еõ˿ŵȵϢ
ǽŵҿŵѾ˹
ɿֱҵ˳ӪλáѾʼ
ɸڿŵ·ɴ
ǰ˵סߣһ۱㿴ǰΡ
ɵǳ˳¶һֿɬңķֻЦݡ
ɣ嶼ɵغһ
ǰĻǳ⡣
лҪ˵
ˣ¡
֣ٴ죬㵸


70 AlphaϽ11
ӿһһС, ֮ƯŻҳ֮жǻɵĻƵɫ
һоȥĶǻҳĿ
϶һЩʬ
ͬʿֲڲͬλãɵ߷ΧֻܿʿԶȷʵ
Χһ޴Ķڡػؾڵ
ڵΧ͹ڸס
, ü, ǰ˼ھ붴ڴԼа׵ľ֮ʱͣס
̧ӡЩʿӽȻͬ
ǵϸֱͦ͸ǳɫ
Ưڰ֮Уβ޳, Щڵķ
Щ۷䣬ǵȴǴɫģǵͷɫĸۡ
ѲӬ۷Ľ, ѧΪһо𾪡
ЩβȻɫļ⡣Щȴû䵽ǵ, ǵĽ, ǵĽµ, һһĺۼ
ʾ
忴֮, ɫ˲伤, ֳʿһӡ
ֻʿȻų, Ƿֲڶڵࡣɸ峯Ŷ߹ȥ
Χ͹Բ״
ǿЩǽ̿д򾶴ڵصΡ
ۺ, ʦû뵽ѧ֪ʶȻֵطͷJPG.
ۿɶ, ҲһŲһĸо
ǰȻԲ״ģһ, ζɲȥʱҲȵġ
Ͱ˲ǰ, ܳһֻǼ˴·
ǡվɵǰ, ǰ·ƻܹľ
ڶĶЩڶ, ڵĿȺܹ, Լܹĸͬʱͨӡ
ڵı¥ݡЩǵӾʾĵҵڡ
ֱӽǱɵӽ΢һЩ, ֱĹںץ
ɸǰһ붴ڣԭЩڵĶ˲
µ¥ӵһƽ̨֮ϣƽ̨һ޴ĺɫ壬ڵķλЩһ
ɲظĺ棬⿴ǽϲǼеĵƹ⣬һֻһֻĳβӫ⡣
ɵĺȥʿֻҪɱֵò̫Ծʿ˺顣
ֱľͷǿԽһٰʮȵת
찡ܼ־֢Ŀȥˣ
һ˵һÿһֳӵԺõֶλͦõġ
Щڴʲôأϣܹټһ¡ǵĴԽ򿪱ٳһµλأ
Ҿÿԣ
һЩ˲û߶೤ʱ䣬Ȼ¥ݿܳ·ٶȴǺܿġ
ֱǰĳӺȻſڣܲ˲չǵǰ˽ȥ
ɾʱӾȻݡ
ȫȥ֮ƶλǳȥĵ·ܷס
ӵĿڲûк϶һֱſ״̬
ǱӴֱӷ뵽ڵĵײ
ڵĵײԼԼԿü⡣ӽԺ󼸸˴ӳ
ʿ·شżһﶴڡ
Ŀ·иʽĳӡĽЩǷŵչķ䳲ĸо
һһסһһĳӡ
˳һĳֱӳĿĵطɹȥ
ֳĳӾȻ٣Ǹȴǰ˰棬ȫ״ȴǼٵġ
ĵײɵһ¡
ǵǵĿĵصʱĳӺȻʼɧ
ǵĿ³ϸ˿һ˲֮㽫ɴӽſʼһֱľ
ȴûзܸоϵոպܹѹƳжȴ
ֱĹֻоǰȻһƬ԰ףıҲˡ
˹±Ͼ㳤ôغÿҽģΨһܹҵȤˡȻôԸ⣬Ǻܿϧֻܽ׸ŮʣŮһϲ㡣
дεʧָṴɵ򢣬ǹ˹ıȴȻ෴ȴһֻ
뵽ʲô̫õ飬沿Щ
΢΢شûг
ȻɸоԼĲǯס
ʱϼʱѡҶǿŵͲ
ҶˣԼϧڵֵزҪԹҲֻԹԼ
ȴȻɿ֣ĳ˵֪ߴ˵һЩʲô
ϵͳȴɵԺ֮ʵʱ롣
͸ŮϣŮܹϲ
лҪ˵
թʬ¡


71 AlphaϽ12
ǻᡭ硭ʵŮתһ, ǵءڡΪڳõġڡġ֤ͨ
ϵͳһɷ룬һһĻеյɵԺ֮Уּ֮Ŵĵ
ô, ʧޣһλȥ֮òҸ걨һ, Ǹ㻻һɵü΢΢ϵͳ˵ʵ˷ָ
ҵ⣬ǰøոװصϵͳһֻӱ˵, £ĿİϵͳӴԼĻȷȷʵʵ⡣
ղŷĻһⶼûкðɣ
õ, Ҵˡ
һ仰֮, ֪ȤĵǸ
ĿҲǰסİɫϸ˿תƵϡ
屳, ɲܹı顣
建ת, ĳĺ档
סɵİɫϸ˿ûг׵ĴЩӵĿжϵ, ǵĿ֮С
һʼǺĶΪЩϸ˿ݵӦĳ, ֻһ˲俴޺ϸ˿ͻɱ˵
ɵĿϲĻ
ɫЩ, Ǿ˻ܹ׾ٵĸ֪˷, Ϊһʵ̫ˡ
վɵǰԼɵС, ȴǺǸղżһĳӺ塣
һˣȴӵֻ۾, Զ䡣
мֻ۾Ա΢Сһ, ԷֲڴԼ̫Ѩ֮ǰβ֮һλֻ, ϸ, ϸ¡
ԭǳֻ֮һ˵ľ, գ֮, ɵоǳŴסϵë׶ϸ˻Ƥ
ɷԵϵϸ˿о붯һ˲㽫סϸ˿Ѹս
һϸ˿ĲиҲһֱֻסĲȴܿ
Ϣ
ɵɫó죬ܹоԼѪҺӿǰһĻĻֻһ˲飬Ժ屾ķӦȹ˺һʱ䡣

ϵǯ˲ɿ͵һ˲Ĵĺ̼ʺۡ
ȿȣɺȻקǰ
Ŵ۾ֱɵϣܹǺɫ·һ㾧ÿһ涼Լס
ֱӹסǰİ˿˲˳ſз
Ϊ͵ǰȥֽŶţ˱ڿշ𡣷ɵף۾΢΢һ¡
ǵλŵԽԽԶǰһɹȥ
֮кЩۣɼæסһпʼӿǿ
ǳɫ͸ĳſڳ⴦нɫĵߣЩɫķĩǴġ
ڻȥ֮ʶ
*
δ𣬵δ𣡡
ˮխķ϶֮лص
΢⽥شɵĽ״
Ţʪ
ɵüͷ΢΢𣬼̶Ľë
߽
谵ԭʼ
Ǵʲô֮ܶһ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
ϤıϤֻˡ
ףֿʼŰһҪעⱣԼӴÿ֡


72 AlphaϽ13
һһεش, صΧ
ɵָ΢΢ĿɨӹΧĻ̶Լϡ
ɫ˿״ﲻ֪ʲôʱѾʧˣûκεֳŵһֱ
ѨĹܹĿӡ
ڶ̽, ΧһȦ, ˱߽絽ʲôطͬʱѨĺ滹һխڣһĳСֻһСܺڡѨĹ߲ûн뵽һС֮С
ɹ۲һҲûзʲôº̶ĵطѨ쳣سʪ˵ӦˮԴĴڡɴ·ȫڷɴϵʱѾȥ, ϴŵһҲڵʱ˿ŵ
ϳеһֱװþʣ»ǿĴϵһ·
ϧһֱװҲֻǽΧľ¼롣ûͿȻҲ֪浽ʲô
ֱװԼ·̶ĨڳŸղſС߹ȥ·ͨʲôĿĵأѾѡ
СǳխɸղֻڶפȥԺŸоһԴ˵ġͨˡʲô˼
ɵЩнطԼǰ, ɻǵõʱ¥ݵʱ, һƬĳӡһմȾʲôֵֹĶǲĲ
С˹, Ǻûʲôֲ·ڡԼӵʱ֮, Լ֮һ첽ǰ˼, ڹսǵĲλڿһĹ
Ϣ, ѹĶֻһˡ
ճ˵, ҪȥҲֻղ߹һС˶С֮Ѱһ·, ֪·ľͷš
ƲĳڴƲʲôõطϾһ֮Ĺϵɹʱ֮Ľսھ׵ķ², Ҫݵʡ
ܴҲһ취οЩûļһﻹһ
ɶ˶, èŹķ߹ȥԭЩխͨ·˲, ɵҲøӵ
ˮԽԽ, ʪĸоҲԽԽء
, ɫɫ֯
ɸոմӹսǴ߳, ӳеľĴ, ̲סԵĸŻ
ɫ˿״ﲼѨɫһһĵطմȾõĺɫ塣λмһȻɫĹﻹʶںŵİ׽壬Լɶѵĸ߶ȡվڶڴûע⵽ǰһͷʲôط
طŻԼĽŲԼǽߡСĲŪκε

Ŀһ裬΢΢պöܹİɫϸߡ
ɫϸ˿͵סϸ˿ӣȴԼԼɢŶ˿
µؿʼζŰɫϸ˿ķ򿴹ȥֻԭɫĹﲻ֪ʲôʱѾˡɵʽһ﷢ġ
ɫĽ֭ŹĶӿ
ǹͷ΢΢ϸ˿Ҳʼ
˲㿪ԭķǹβܹȥȻǹޱȵľ޴󣬵ɵӰ
壬~
ǹҪٴιʱһŵȻŮһռ
ܽСӣôֵطסһȻ߳һˣͷϴĴǡ
ˣ׼ȷ˵ȫˡ
Ůӳ÷ǳĿע⵽ɵʱһ
ûֺÿġŮָϸ´ɡ
ɾĿǰˡŮĵͷɢţһʺɫȹһֵطȴûմȾһҳԾɱŽྻ
ŮĽŽţÿһһΡ
ǹﻺŮŮѹ
Ǻڽ̸
͹ս𣿡ŮĿɨһɣ忴ŲӦûһøס
ɾһʲôøס
ҪǸ˵ְֵĻԸģǱʲô飬˰ɡ
ɵĴ΢΢ս
ҪҪڶ֣ŮӦҲͣѲ˵Ů
ǶŮɵĶԺɫ΢䣺ӦΪԼֳܹĺеԺ
Ůֲɫĳӵ塣ԭѾĳӾȻֿʼ˶Ŀаɫϸ˿֣̽ʲôһ
ŮתĶö
ϵͳһ֮ǰķŵĶҡɵעǰŮĶԺ֮ȴںϵͳ
Ұ£ġϵͳ˫ɵڿռťЩҪȥʱ򴫵ϵͳռһ
ϵͳȻ֪ʲô
ǼһֱæһͼֽʱǴ㽫Ļ͸ŵģҲʲôý飬ֱӷ˿ŵĽָ档
ʱʣĲһذס
ϵͳ⣬ΪʲôҪڿƼôʱ
ˣЩͬӦûΪĵġŮѹڰƤϣļ΢΢˲һ˫Ѫɫ͸ĳ̿
Ůĳ΢˶忪ʼڿա
ȻʲôһȻת˵
ҵͬ飿ɵƤһ£ֱеҪӵĶࡣ
ѽ֪ˡҪȻͻЩͬһΪʳŮ۾ɨϸõĭü䣬˵ϳʲôһ
ʵȴǳв
ûп
ҲŮߵĹŮԼ֮βɾ
һ䶯Ȼ󵽴Ŀĵ֮͵ؽ˦ڵϡ
ɵֱŵأ෭ɵ˺
Ӱȣܣʵ̫Ӵղűȫȫסߡ
ʱɲŷ֣һһĳ
ΪʲôͳѿɲһʵĶ
ǻ˼㿴Ŀ³˿
ɼæܿȴ˱궯
ڵϵϸ˿Ȼûк֮ǰһһαջȥǿʼڵӿһϸϸĳ˿״֩״Ľṹ
ǾȻżԼչͲѧɼæԶһط
ǸоɵĻͷûһγɹǲͣΧ˿Χϸ˿һƬɿûŵĵط
Ҫˡ
Ůڰıȹ΢΢һѩɫϹźɫĶ嶣
ŮԼΧĶЩͬ顣
׼ȷ˵Ǻһһʼװ˳ȻˡŮ΢΢£ָ˵ԼĴǣͷ΢΢һ£˼ʲô
֪ǽᷢʲô𣿡Ů뵽ʲôȤ顣
ɶЩûȤֻϽɵǰĶ
ÿϧһԼһ¾֪ˡ
һɹĸҪԼԼĺأ˵𣿡Ůµİ
ϵͳذ׸ҡɱǽ׷˲սһСɵذסذ׵β׹ʺɫıʯذױҲǸŵ׼ġ
ԼƵģ๦ܵذס˵һ쿨ŵܹϣذ쳣ļԿһûǮ˻ΪıʯüǮ
Լˡ
ɵս
ڵضţûʲô취ܳȥ
ֻ˲䳯ɷ˹ȴֱ㽫³ϸ˿ϸ˿ɵذ׿ʼʸȴɵӰѸƶ־ͽذ׵пǽ档
ǽϹ˰ɫĳ룬谮ȫ֯ڰ³İɫ״档

ذ׻ǽһۼԭʸذİ˿˲ϵԭվǽϵİ˿Ҳϡ
ʧȥһֵһֳ뿪ʼζ
ܣ˿֮޷ѵԶ䣡
ŮЩŵĿɣõĵʲô
ذװɵָµذס
ԭʸذİ˿ΪɸղŵĶǽİ˿ճһȻذ׸ϡ
һн쵶ն顣
ɵĿɨӹղűжϵİ˿
ذ׵ĲϿʱʣµģӲĳǶնƣϷôССϸ˿ֻǱϸ˿ʸԴ
ǽĦϵ󣬽ЩϸĶ׾١
˵ǽϵϸ˿
һϸ˿ѴҪһһͺôˡ
лҪ˵
쵶ն飺쵶ն飬¹ϣץסؼѸٵؽӵ⡣顤ۼ͡ [1]
԰ٿơõıϵĿϸ˿СʹǱᡣ
䣡q(RQq)


73 AlphaϽ14
ߡŮһذ, ˫ֱһ
ǽ˿նֲûʲôİ취˾ʹѲɻܹԽǴܳȥɣǳĵը
붼֪ǲʵ顣
ǳס򱾾, ǰʮԪʱ, Ҳûм˵ҵ
˵ǰҲǱǶ೤һӡǳѾڳʱĽϵ֮˸ߵȳ壬Ҳ˵˲ʲôˡ
οǳ屾ʾͲ֪˵˸˶٣ֻҪٹʮԪ, ֻҪٹԪʱ䣬Ǿܹʤˡ
ܲȥ, ΪʲôҪ׷أŮһԼָ, ϸ׵ָָͿ˺ɫޢִ͡սԼı, ΢΢ʶ, ͦ㡣˵ͦܡ
ڶھһֹҲ赲, ѨЩ谵, ŮȴԼԼ֮зŵĹ
ʲô
ɸղŻûע⵽, ղƣܺ͹, ڲŽעһ˵Ůϣǡ⣿
һʣӫءĳӦƤֵܹһʡ
ⲻ൱ԼԼƣɵĿⲻɵöӶ˵ƿ, ̫ˣֱ, е
Χͬ, Ϊΰĸ, ǳܹô̵ʱڵߵȳ塣ŮɨΧǽϹŵĳ롣
֪Ĺһ仰𣿡
ʲôսذ׵΢΢, һֻֿڸղűԼϵǽ, ΨһûЩ˵İ˿
Լʮȵķ, һ׼Ѳ
Ƽɵ
*
ֱĹڷ׷ױʾԼڸղżĹǾ¿ʮ¼ˣСƨ ɣۡ
ûмҴ𺳣
[ԭ״̬ܹⰡ]
[δţδ泤ˣ]
[@ѧԺ˹ʿɻ]
[Ҳ֪ھߵأܲа]
˵ľһʱʱ̵̿˹עֱĶһҲѾͨϼõӦļ
˵ľѾʻ˼ʱ䣬ǵֱ⿪ʼǾѾǲ˾ӡ
նӦʱ㣬ٶнǲӦѾҪﵽԾ㸽ˣ󲿶ڼ׷ϡ
ֻҪڼһʱ䣬˵ǾܹɸȳŵҲڷɴϡ
ɳȥ˸պýƳɴĿŵӵǿŵѹ֮ȴԸصˡ
Щ⼸ͷһһѵĵ߶Ųһ顣
ݳĴӪ֮С
ڿŵȥ˻ʲôͨͨݡ
ҪһûסһҲһ¡ȻΪ˵ҫǼܲס˶Ƚ
²֪ʲô̬ȣӱȽ϶࣬˹¾ôһӡ
Ǵʱ߶Ŀŵȴû뵽ôࡣ
ŵڼʻ֮УŸ߸ߵתΣޱĿǰһĻһֻȴڲͣظԼָŵһöָ
һöָʱҲѪ͸˹ģڷɴϵʱҪڷɴҲһһءȴû뵽ʱɻͱһ
ɵΪҲҪɻšԺͺһˣϾϲ塣
ǵѹһ̣֪龹ȻͲʱ򡣴һʼ˹ֱȴһ֪
ŷ֣û˽˹
ǰûУҲûС
ĻһȦһȦͼһڿĵλһһ
һƽ
ŵֻսһԲת߳ʻҡ
Ͻ
·˷׷񣬵ǿŵûлشĿбӵֱӳһ߹ȥ
ϽôˣǣڿŵӰ뿪֪ɻغԼԱߵսѽ
ܵĴ̼̫ˣϾϽŸս顣
ҡҡͷһ̾һ
˭Ҳû뵽һӡϽǶͦĵģڳһ˽Ͻˡڳ飬ҲֻиϽ˽˿ռ䡣
˵ɥڲл᣿мһ˵ļ򣬡ôˣѾԾˡ϶ܹ˹¾ȳġ
ǿϧŵϽƲμһεжˡ
ȷʵеϧһ֮صͿŵϽһأһûбṻأ
۵ȻĵʱһӰȴææĴӺ˳һȻæָҵš
ˣŵϽԼŻ׷ɣˣ
˵ʲô
ϵڿᣬλϵһվ
ŵϽŻ׷ˡ
˺ƱŵˣͷɻشŵϽ
Ǳŵ˼æԼеȥ
һӰ˽һӰ򿪣ȻһɫͶֱڿչ֡
ŵûдսıӦǻףȴӡ֮еĻڲ
ŵ㣬̻
ǰĻһӱɺǲһ³˻档
˾ǳǸѾִԾˣ
ڻڵĿŵ̩ɽ

˾ɫͨ죬ָſŵֱЩ
ǸұҪȥ˹İµݡ
ŵĿֱֱĿǰĴ.ɫࡣ
һţԸȥܴ֮
˾Ҫ˵ʲôǰĻȴȻصˡ
㣬ɴܼܲ٣ҰСӴ
ǲܱ֤˹µİΣİ¶޷
лҪ˵
ŵϽŻ׷ˣ
ʲôŵ±ɺˣ
*
ȻΪԽǶ˵ŵΪ̫ܲȷһ״ݾߣν
֮һнָҲǾҪǸдûʲô߼С˵ԡǶá
ǿĶߣֻҪܵÿ죬۾׷ҡ


74 AlphaϽ15
һʵеս, ͶŮͰԴеıںҲֻڽս֮вܷá
ܹһԶ̹ѡ֡һŮڶûзʲôҪһŮʼûж, Ҫӵһ̨׻ҲôǺһʱܱסԼСġ
ɵѾ˲, ˿ڷֲĲλҪֱϡĹҪǳɵֱģҲһֱذȥư˿Ҳ׵Լֱˡ
Щʲô⣬ѾҪ͸֧ˡ
ɵһֳֻǽڣһǽĳѾҪ׹, ֻǽڵİ˿ǿĹҲѾҡҡ׹ֻҪٹһʱ˵ͻѡ
ɣڷüŮ˫֮к, оǲ̡һʼֻΪɺǰЩ˵ûʲôһ, Ǿղŵһδǰķǳ
ڷ, Ϊг, ܹ±, бѪ
ŮһԾ, ĳ͵ſ, ͣڰ֮, Ŷŵİ
ֻг裿Ұ¿ǻӣΪҪг裡ɵĴ, ΢ذĻɵָذ׵ļˡ
һ仰ʶʱΪ, һνĿ𣿡ŮûΪɵĻΧ, ǳ, Ҳй, ҲİӦûҺÿ, Ϊʲôأ
ŮԼޱȵġ
Ҳʲô, һ㻹˵ˣÿһǧһ򱶡ɵ΢΢һŵĿǰÿһˣ
ɵ˫Ȼ˲΢΢ֳذ͵һԾתǰİɼɵĶԺǰ䶯ſڡҪһԼĿнһ
ɵĽȴ̤ڰ򢲿λһֳŰıеذ˳ƴ֮л䡣ɵ󷴶ɫذ׷⡣ɺݺݵشȥ
µİʼҵĺ䶯зζĺҡҪϵһСӸ˦ȥȴֱŰ廬䵽˰βذֱڰϻһӡ
飡
͵ؽذװγذ׵İû뵽֮УȴѾӽáǾɽذװγһ˲䡣Ȼȥ
ϵƤ⳹׻ƣڲİ׽ӿϵ˿ڴӿ˿ڻƤ䵽ϡ
ɹˣ
ɴ΢һβ͵ŶڵѾΪݡתԽ壬͵سŶڴ˳ȥ
Ůӵɴ󣬺Ʋš
ⲻܣһҪŰǰŮҧʵ˫ֺʮдʡ
ȻĳʼɫĹ⣬ͷ˴ǺȻһ
ûлͷǰİ嵹֮һԾߵķ϶ֻ֮˳ȥǰ·һɺԥһֱ˹ȥܵͷʱɷﻹǸղһĵط
һһڻͨһʼѹĶѨﲢûʲôڡ
Ѳûг𣿲϶еġȻһôԼˣһأһʼѹĵط϶ǲԵġ
æΧɨһۣһʼѹĶ֮⣬ǽϻһЩƵĶڣһĶڱղܳĵط
ĶӶʱһС࣬ˡ
ɲ˼Ķ£һ̫ԾСǰ¡ָϵ
ʪġ
ôʪģɿһΧС΢Щʪģǲǰһ˵ڸողˮͳϡࡣ
ɵü΢΢˼سһС˽ȥ
붴ڲãղռλ˲һӰɫĳչڰ֮УŮڰ֮У΢΢ֵԼ·ɶҪǵŪԼ·һŹġ
ϣ㻹ԼһҪġŮ뵽ʲô˼飬ĳȻʧŮڵ϶Ӱ˲ʧԭء
һƬɼѵŲԼĽšԽԽʪѾнȥơɻػͷоԼ߹˴·̣ĶѾ
ߵһҲ˹ա
һǳһŵļǰߡ
ɵĿմˮԽ棬ĺԽ͡ˮĺԽߡֽԼĿøȷˮûʲôֵֹĳӡ
ˮĸ߶ȴҲǸոĽסԶڵľͷӦһˮ̶
ڣߵ˲СȵĵطſԶĹղ߹ĸоӦǴӸߵ͵ģڵĻˮ֮ǰĸӵĶһЩ
һнǰҰҲԽԽͬʱˮĸ߶ҲԽԽ
ˡɿǰľһ
ܳһ߹ȥڽµĲرҲǵϵȣɵֱۻˮ棬һߵİ߹ȥ
Աߵİϣʪģˮ
ˮεյڵϡߣһԼͷȻָסԼǰһť
Ȼϵˮȫʧ·ֱøˬ·ȴͣ档
ֵ˵Լ½ϵȥ֮һҪоԺоôմȾ·
˹£
͵̧ǰûʲôˡתԼҲûʲôˡ
ǺȻǰһ˺һȺӡ
ܾҼǵҲһʱɡƤһ̧ӳҰĲտնǵصĳӡ
˵ŮΪʲôû׷Լˡ
ɵĿɨӹϣȻ϶סԾȻԼϡ
ǲܱǿߵģȴԱͳȥɵʱڼװԺ㽫ԴԼժʱû뵽Ȼˡ
ԼӦûа취ʹ˰ɣϾѾˣҲӦġ
ҷŮ֮㡣˻֣ĳֱӷӵϡ
תܣϾ˫ȭѵ֡οеذ׼һˡ
Ǻĳӷɵĵʵ̫ˣһǰܿһɵֻսסذ׵ֵǰ档
õϵԣɵսذףȻɻҪܵļȻһ˹㣬ͣ־ܡ
⻰֮Ȼͣת̧ӿվŵ塣Է黹ûɢȥ
峯֣ӿǰļ壬Ƕÿ
ɻشĽëסɫ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)


75 AlphaϽ16
ٴظһ, ֱԾͣڰ֮УĿضŶͣɡ
ԭǰǼѾÿˣɻ̧ͷ, Ų˹ȥһ˿˿ļ, ôӵ棬ܹŮҲ޿κεĶֱӲһһ׽ס˵ʲôȻŮǿ˲ٰ֪
ҰĴԭҪ͸ŮھԼһҲȲˡ
Ůûټ, ˵صļҪﵱ֪˳壬ŮȴֻûԼһˣһ˿˿ʹͶԸԼ
֪˹һʼ֮ʱʵ, Ϊ˹ŵŮԼôһ̬, ֻ˹ܵĺ, ܵ
ɻؿ, еذ֮ǰʴѾ, ΢˵廹ǿԵġĿĲϵԡ
Ц, ɵաɴߵ˲ս, ȴûж
Ҫ֮ǰҲôͺ, ϾǴСһ𳤴ָ֡ػɵĲɵ°ϣ΢΢סɵ°, ɱ̧ͷ
Ϊ΢һ΢ͷ徹Ȼɵˡ
ɫ̫ÿ, ˲佫Լ˻
ʱȴһ, СʱľȻҲ𣿴Сͱ𣿳̴Ҳ̫ˡ
ǳܹɹĴڲ, ͦ۵һ̡
ƻʲô顣һ仰Ƥһ
Ǵֱӽŵ, ǳԭ׼, ˭֪Ȼĸ֮ûֱܹӽŵɱҪȻﻹڵĿŵʲô顣
Ӧ˶, ˭ܳƻǵĸأģ̾һҲǳļǴСеģҪȻҿĻᱻ򶯣Ͼ˭ϲ
ҳŵɣɺȻ
ԭҪӦĻ֮У͵̧ӿǰɣ֮оǲš
˵ʲô
ûбƣ
ȴô˻Ѹײڶ֮סֱۡ
ɵֱ峯ԼĻȻֽеذ׼ܵĲ档ɽذ׵Ĳϳѹһ£Ĳ˲һѪۡ
һ΢ŻĴʹӵɴ˵Ŀİ㣬ʲô
ʲô˵أɵذٴγĲѹһ£ԭ˿˵ڶ˿ڡ
ɼ岻Ťתֱۡ
ɵдһȦȻоԼʧҪܣٴδһۡ
˵Ҫ۵ܡ
ֽѹסļҪЮԾɴһʿķȣ֮һ롣
һַֻڿļ򴦣ҪļιҲġ
ɣɱҲܲġͷɵذ̧ļţذѹе˵ֶ̫
ȻܲǾһ汳İȪ·Ҳį
ЦһѹøɫѪѾĲ棬ذײرȵķȴܹ޵ºۼ֪ʵõķǳĴ
㲻ҲΪѹŵĲϢ
ңŹңŹңɵѾ˼ŵġ
ΪʲôҪŹ㣬ʱɷŹҺͿŵɵǽһߣӻشӵ
ģֻֻŮʲôˮƸŮѾֻ̫ܹ࣬ŵ
ʵҲҪŹģҸıˡһ˵˵˭Ƶġ
¼ô꣬һ仰Ӧ˵ɣ
ʲʲô֮оһƬʵʲôҲ벻ˡ
ĳʿΪ屻ЮҲ
̧һգеذٴѹ˼֡
Ȼڿߣ˭֪᲻ǸŮðֻһӡ˵ػһ㣬ݵӦ١һӻڶӵŶλá
οӦûûʲôλÿñ档
ЩʿĻһݵ˳֮ǻܹ˼
ѪծѪһһ˵𣿡ɵĴؿĶϣѹúܵͣպܹ
֪ǰЩ嶼ǵĳ죬ҲÿЩûнʶĳӡ
ɵĻ̲֮סҪŤͷɣһоԼ˿ڸӵʹࡣһʼֻһطоԼԴҪһΧһȦۣѾֱ治˿ˣ
建۾ɿ˿ûд
׿ǳԱ
ΧĳӣǱŹŵɵȫ˲Աɫļ׿ǣۺɫѪⱻըɡ
˲֮
ɣ𣿡һ˿˿ôĳȻȫûˡ
Ȼ԰ĶǲҲҪǵЦݴӸտʼûȥֻЦѡǳĽ죬ŮҪ֪᲻Լը
ĶȻ뵽ʲô飬Ի㡣
ɵֻɿ忴׼һʱҪסɵָһˤĶȴ˿ɵĶ졣

һ쳹Уһ첲ȻӲж
廹ʹ֮УҪַסԼֱʹضӣܹоذѹԼĲϣѾ˿ܹκεķ˼ˡ
ۣʵ̫ˣĴ̹ǵۡ
Ķͷ亹
ɵֽϵߣ
Ӱ˿ɵԣֱӰԼĳذ׵һֵֻϡ
˿ӳɹ
ܹܼҰ˿߳Ϊ
ߣ˿˵ģõ˰˿Ҳò˿ġ
˿̬˿֮ͷ̲סһ£ôо˿еͳӻԽԽϷ
ˣ׼Һ㰡ˣ˼Ҳɾˡ~
ɵϻرóһսɫս͵ʱڷɴ洩һһģһ
ͬʱ˲˲ֱĵĻڿһϢʱһ裡
ڣˣԷŹ𣿡̲סʵ
壬ȷʵˡɵǹ˹еذ׻뿪Ĳ
弱æķԼֱۿĿİǰܣǻûȻסȻŵػ
ɵĽεյĵźɫѪҺ
֮ȷʵˣǲˣǳ˰
Ǳ˵ˡ
ӵɴŤصȥϵѪѪմȾڵγһѪ
ĳ˲ɧ
ɻתŽϵЦʼû¡֮еĳβˢˢ׼վڵϵɡ
ɺû˿ĶӶضߵһ㡣
ˮ
һȻ˲֮׹£Ӱֱײڶĳ壬ɫӰֳֳһֱֻɡ
ֱ۽˹ڿʻյһߡ
ذ΢΢򿪵ļʻ˽ȥ
˹ʣµͽҡ
ڼʻյɫһһٵ
ɻɱ֮ʱɢȥ첽ǰԱߵλϣλ͸İȫԶϡ
ãҾͽҵȫиˡ
лҪ˵
ڼˣһ


76 AlphaϽ꣩
ʣµĳԷɢ, ֮У֮ϸһ֡ŵڼʻּ֮ܿշڲ̵ĸְť
Щʱɢʱ־ۼһ, ɷֵǾۼһʱŻĻ׽йԱߵĿŵûô, Ѿһص֪
ϾǰĳȻϿȽ϶࣬ʵ϶ԾþսĿŵ˵ǰЩӵûЩɫļ׿ǳѲ
ЩӵûûȫװĿףκһճĲλǵ, ŵŻ֮дɵĶ֮ܿд˷ɹڼʻյĸʻλ档
λĿ֧λķ, ȽЩȤĿǰսֻҪûʲô, ڿŵ˵⼸һʤս, 
ɵĿ⻺شǰսƶԱ˵ϡ
ŵһޱȵľ, Щü, ü΢΢, ĴߡȫĵͶһս֮쳣ˡ
ɺܲΪʲôԭ֮ǰΪϲѡߵһ, Ӹ˵ǰ˶Ǳ, ѲΪһOmegaԵ
˵AlphaOmegaĲ𲢲ǲر
ܿսʣĳ嶼ŵ꣬϶ѻ˳ʬ塣˶һ, ǻȵ֮以һк㷢֮ѹѹľȻֳһһĳ塣
ЩдһֵĴڡ
Ϊ׵ľȻǳŮ
û뵽, 徹ȻǸûõļһ
ǰŮĿɨӹսʬ֮΢һ˿˿ŭԭΪ崦һӶѨ֮ܳȥ, ҲĵϴĳʿѾС
徹Ȼ, ʿȻûһŵ, Լǰһ׵档
Ů, þò
ɿŵɫȻ, ̧ǰĻŷֲ֪ʲôʱǵȥ·Ѿʿסˡ
㵹ǻţ󡣡ŮһһɫȨȡѪɫĳɿţЩϤ֮Ůһ㶼̶ǻŭӿͷ
Ǹľܵģû뵽ɵڻûԭΪ˴ӳֱӵĴҲܹҲǰ׷ѹ򣬵ǾȻı˽ɾˡ
ⲻ˵ʵ̫ˣ
ŮסȨȵֲɵսȴûٳֻػӶȨȡĳ˲ӵϡ
ŵԴ֪ںĴ󲿶ߵǼʵٶΣܼܲʱϵòײżɵģ˻ûļ뽻ȴпܾôٴԶԷ
ŵĵļĿضǰĳʿǰļ׳չʱץסʱ˲ʻƶŵ䡣
ɫĳʬ׷һɫĴꡣ
Ǽ׳ʵ̫ˣѾٶ죬һȥɵǰĳȴѸٵزȱڣֳϵиżӲļ׿ǡҪǲܿ׼ʱֻһµƻǵļ׿ǡ
һߣʻЩζ׸ſŵĲݽвͬĶʱڿʱǰ
ֱӣָǰĲ̨ϵ˵㣬ֽϵİȫ򿪡ַǰķ֣վڿŵı󣬿ſŵֶٿأԭŵڲָ̨˲ӰսŵҲЩģԵı־ԽԽ
ȻһɲɺæַססԼΡɵĿǰʾϽǵĵطѾ˺ɫľʾ˵ұ˹пѾұ۵ıϡ
ŵĶͷǺ飬ʳָڷ
ɵüͷһ壬סŵ֡
ɵָסŵʳָһֻǿŲ̼æʻȥܹоŵʳָڲԾһ¿ŵָ
ˣʵ
е㡣
ŵͷƽʱѵʱȻҲٶȲݼʻգʱҲֳһ˵ǽٵģսϻûзһ飬ҲǹؽЩۡ
һֹͣ˵Ĳݣһս˵ǼΣյһ顣
ŵǵǵĿǰսĳǱƽִɵгȻҪݻס
ȴһסŵ󣺡벻һʽĻס
ŵüͷ΢΢һ壬̫ɵ˵ʲô
ңɡ
Ѹٴڿŵϵİȫÿŵڸʻλ档
תڼʻλãǰļʻ֮аһ¡
ŵ㷢ǰĻʼֻҵĲźţٴգ֮󿴼ǰʾľ
ղŵһ˲Ĵ
ɶһ̨׵ƿȻǸڿŵģϾһ̨׵ߡ
ְȥ˲̨̨ϵһťǳɫĲ̨˲мѳһ϶ѸٵƶмλõһԲε̨ӣõһͷ
ʲôŵЩʵ
ʶ׵һװáֽͷϣͷ͸ĻԶڵɵǰ
ŵĿɵתƵǰĻϡ
ûκεĲݣĻѾʼ˶֮ǰŵѵļѵĲݱࡣ
ɵսʶŵϾ⻹һһβݻ׽սȻԭĻ׶ڵĲѾ࣬һʱ֮仹Щ̫Ӧ
ɷ˲սķ֣ܹսپ
׵ֱѾױˣʱûи׵Ҳ䱸͵ֻֿܳȭĹǰĳ塣
ڻܹɱǡ
ܹľǴſŵŲͬ·߽пռϵԾԴܿĳӶǽеĹ
ŮվڳİΧȦ֮СĿǰ·߸޷Ů
ȥҲʲô취Ժ֮й˼µ·ߣҪŮıָŮһ֮ʱŮɫһ˲ò̫Ȼ
ɫĻһһݳǵߡ
ԭʾ澰Ļ浯һԻʾ˵ھžŵĽ롣
ھžţɲرľɣŤͷԱߵĿŵ
Խŵ˵ͷھžžǰƹܵľš
˹£ǸӦͿŵ·̣ȷѾ屾Ӫһʱ佫ȥɨ
˵֮ڻǲһƵƵȻ˵ĻڳڴԳɨ
Ǿ鷳ǡɵ˵ͷ
˻ͦࡣ֪滹д󲿶ӣԿȫĵؽһ齻ǡϾӦò˷ſҪֵĴͲҪɡ
ɴſŵռȶ·ֱӵ˵ķɴɴһӵʿأǼɺͿŵ˵ʱվֱ
񣡡
ھžŵһֶӶӳЯԱӭ˹ºͿŵ»ؼң
лҪ˵
Ҿ˵ΪʲôʱûȥڵˣѪ
ͻؼˣohyeah
q(RQq)
컹һ
¸Ԥ棺ʦVSͽܡ


4 ·ϵʦ 


77 ·ϵʦ1
˵ؾЧʺܸ, ¡
ǹ͵⻹жԳľµĳޡ
ڼbuffĵ£ԳƵǶԳѹʽս
ǴһܵʱЩ飬ʵȴֻ˶̶̵ʱ䡣
˾ӽĵ͵ȵĳʿһ, ڳŮȴǵ
Щ˽ᱻ˵ķԺصо
֪ϲս, ֮ս󲿷ɳֱġ
һж޹ˡϾԼĻæĽͷö
Ϳŵ㾹ȻҲѾȹµʱ䡣ǵΪֹҲֻڹƽ̨
Ǽʵ˵Ǻرһһʽŵɽʱչ˼Ȥ͸߶ȵϡ
ۣϾΪɵϢϵʱҲ߶ϡ
˵Ļĩ, ڿŵһ졣
˵۹ľǰιۡľЩҲҪǰԼͷֻ͹Ʒ
˻֮ʢȫ˶Ϊ֮Ŀһ֮˵ٰ֮顣
һȹʣʱ䣬ſŵ뿪Ժ硣
*
ӵ׺ҹ֮, ³ֳĹ⡣
紵, ɳɳ,
ɫɽ¿ʼ
ɽ, ԼڰɽѾصƲڵľ
ɽ, վڶ, ǰǳĶ, ǳĶ顣
ֲ, ɴԼĴš
ǹŴ磿
Duang~Duang~
ɽϺȻԶɽΪĳܵ
ľ֮ͣķޱɢ
ȻԶɽϺըһ⡣
ֵסԼӣ̫, ֱ̫һҫۡ
ˣˣ
Χ˺ƱЩɽԼֱ۷, ̧˳ָķȥ
֪ʱǵͷϾһȺˡ
Щ°ɫ, ͷ, еĴŰ, Ůǰ
«i, ЩƮڰ֮, ɫӣǸʽķ
ħۣʲôۣ
ϵͳ𣿡ɵü΢΢
еϵͳѹһҪ밴һҪһһ
潣ϯӣʦһͬΪȺʡ
˵̣Ҳɽ֮ϪЩ൫Ҳһᡣ
ɽĿһ˵ϣԴΪס
潣ĵӣ
ϣװ˭
һԴ̵ɵĶߵ͵͵
ɵĶ΢΢һ£˳Ա߿ȥȴƳһβͲݺƱ˳
ɲûˣĿ˻
ɴӣûкΧһһ顣
Կ϶Ŀǰ˵ı趨֮УĳһŻɵֳ
ӦǲμЩ֮һǲ֪һûʲôݱˡ
Ҹ϶ҪĳЩ˲ϵ
ȸһ飬˾ʹ鷢⡣ͬ鷢Ĺͬʹ鷢ı£ȥɡ
ֻվϷһ֣кǣ㳯֮зɹɶǰһӡ
Өӳڵסӳһģһ
һϵͳûк˵֮ʱõԭӡ
΢̧һԱߵˣֻΧ˷׷׶ַ֮ϡ
Щ˵ųâһЩ˵Ǻޱ仯ͷųâЩâҲǸָɫâҲа
ɼ״Ҳַ֮ϣʱһĿĹâڲɢ俪
ɫĹΧһƬռ䡣
ˮ
ƯŵȻҲһ𾪣ǿɵչֳ˹âҲɵĴ󾪣
Ϊ׵˳Źâķ򿴹ȥȴΪһӡ
ļ˶һ£֮󣬻̤С
âɢȥ֮ϵȻִƬѺۡ
žણ龹ȻѺ鿪ڵϡ
⡭츳Ҳ̫ǿˣ
ʦָոս㿴һĻ
ɴµƬҲ֪츳Ļԭ
°ã潣´ӡʸγƺ
˫ֱȭɫЩ
ã
´һǰˣô
ɼǵõʱԼĻܵʱݵʱĹҲûеΪ˼
Ѿߵһˣ֪Ϊʲôεľ籾΢һ⡣
Ҹմӿ촩ֻ
ϵͳһɵԺߴߴ˵ͣ
ɡ
ǫѷһ£Ҳ֪кĿġ
ʦܣҿƺɣ˫ִɴֱߵ֣˫Ŀ顣
ɳɷҡ
ɵü΢΢Ҫǰѳ
ԺҲ϶ʦܵģҲֱӻʦֱá
˵껰֮ûзſɵֱ֣߳ȺС
ɲѸ߳ȥ
վΧ˲óһ·
̾һȴ³βͲݵɫЩѿ
ǰҲģɫǹȴɵĹⰵĶࡣ
ڸ㴫Ϣ
ϵͳϢɷȥ
ϢԺУɵĽŲһ١
ʦܣôˣоɵһʦֻͷʵ
ûʲôȻعҡҡͷֻɫһѿ
ϵͳҳͽͣĵŭšʲôƾ飡
ûʮѪ˨϶д
лҪ˵
翪һˡǸħ硣䣡


78 ·ϵʦ2
, ô֪ģǰҲô
ϵͳһ, ϤС
, Ե֣
ղŻûз֣ɻֻᷴԿһ¾籾ſдľȻһĥǼĿ촩ֵֹߡ
۸㣡
ң֮ǰļ磬ʱ򶼻̲ס²һ¡
ҪҸһ¾𣿡
ϵͳٺٵЦ
ϵͳԺͲҪио籾ˡͦϲһ, ϾܹԼɫֱ䡣
͸źڣཱུģϲߴ
أɵƤһ, ӿĸо, ֱòҪӦȻԼڵʱ
ðɡϵͳ֮Īһʧ, ϧ˾Ȼܹɷˡ
ʧȥ˱ݵ̨ʧJPG.
ǰʦק, Ȼ˵Ľ¹ͬһѽ, ر, ˾ҲԽԽԶ
Ŀб, ¡
һֻȴץǰ·, ΢Щ׵ĹؽںƳġ
Χûлѽhelp
ʦ, 㲻ú£
ǰʦȻףɫº, ü, ˵ĻҲŰζ˫ԭչ, ƽⷽ
һת, ȻΪӦĶƽ⡣µĽʼûλơ
֪, ֪, ͷ
ɵ˲ɴҪֽǰ˵Դšȥ
˾죬˾
ǵ˾ô׵ʱһʱ䲻֪ŵǸǻ
ǰʦּæסΡһҲøղʵЩա
ʦöڽ̸Ц
ûʲôѡ񱣳ֳĬȨѾϽһע
ʦ֣
ʦִɻصʦõߣǰźãȴŴ˻һš
ʦְ·
ǻᴦúµġ
ʦһ·ߺá
ɵָǰ˵
ղֱקסʦֵ·ǲ糶İȫһ㡣
ϾҪҪڲ٣һ⡣
ǰֻоԼһչ˫һ˲Щȡ
ʦܣ֡ʦһüǳ⡣֮ȴһ˿˿Ц⣬˵ٶ顣
ɲΡΡȥ˵ڶָͷԭֻʳָסڱʳָָͬʱס
ʦ֣Ҿе¡
ɱʦֵʵʵģڵһҲʮ꣬ôˣ޵ĺǳԡĺ¡
ҪԼɣǻõ
֮ĵһҪʵַɡָûʲôҪԵ½Լ˵еζһܡ
ʦܣʹץұãʦѧղһ죬ʦһδ½ǰ˵һ˿˿Ρ
ȻѾķ治ϵͻƣСС;ͱΪš
Ҳ֪ΪΣÿÿԼվڽϣֻҪ΢´͸оתһĸ߶ȻҪһһĸ߶Ͳ¿ȥΨԼӽϵ
ǰһֱʣΪʲôҪΪʲô˼ĽȴǴûмʹС
ҪηһſΣҲ˰
˸µջǰȵأȫͷȫβͣɽǰ
ɽŸߴۻ롣顰ڡֻ֡Ȼһ壬ҪԱߵʦڽ˵ɻϲ
΢дɣʦ˵ʱһɽʱΪַ֮̾񣿽ʦһٺǳ⡣
ַ񣿺ǣǺǣ
ѾЦˡղԼľ飬Ҫһ䣬Ϊοɳţȴ˵ľϢ
Ϊɳǲɹġ
ЩȻֱӿѯʡ
ʦܣǵˡ
ȻعŷΧľɫ֪ʱѾˡǰЩտյɽţǱһ
쳣ĻʯΪףǽŵ׺ıʯɸоһ춯ŷ֪ʱ³һ󷨡
ȻֵĲƸҲôֻ˵ڣôһ˵á
ɡ
ڴ翵ĸоǰĵšɿԱߵʦ֣ȴһɫֱȭ񡣹ǣʦ𡣡
໺ʦ𣬾Ǹʲôˣ
ɿʦֵӰѸٵʧǰŲԼĽţ㿪һ󷨵ĽŻнźϾִһ
һλСѣҲɡ
Ҫ׼ˣʰһԼٴβһ󷨣ǻӰ˲ʧԭء
*
ڣɵӰȻ֣ڹ̲סǰСȿ̨棬ݺݵعȥ
ã
ɵɫһ壬۵ЩҧгݣΪʲô͵λûô֡Ϊʲôǫ̂ס
ֱֱͦģ˫ֱȭȻɫĺ
ãһˣԭԼɫĺһ϶ʱһëݳ鶯Ҳֻһˡ
Ǻ⣬μûü׼ϣСѲҪ
۵Լ˰죬òóһӡһӾ;ֱɷɹȥ
֣ӱɵ֮С̿һ̶ɣЩһ¸ոպã
ʦͽˡʦٰ֮ԱߵʦֺȻǰ°ڣ˫ϥأһߵ״
ӣ
СͷӵۺȻһȥÿҪϰ㾹Ȼ㽫Сѵˤ¿С
ʦȥϰ´һˣ
ʦ°ڣתܡ潣ӵĶѾҪҵĺԡֻһǡס
ղ̫죬ʱſʲôһ豭ˮȻһζûڿҲֵֽкá
ͷˮлʦͽÿڿʣ
ȴ˵ٴν豭˹ȥƿӰȻʧ
ǲ豭Ҳûб潣סֻ͵ͣ潣˵ǰȻٻϡ
СѼЦˡ
ûг
潣˵ںδ
һ΢ЩϤ
ɵǰȻһӰ
ɫķ˿˵ж俰ɵգƴһ㣬ӻ
°ɫýɫ˿֯ͼ
ɼ˻תֻƳȴҲ˾þΪˣ
ۿ䣬ݰף綬ѩƤ΢΢̧Ǻҹǹ⡣
ϵͳҺˡܹоԼֱͨͨѪҺӿ
Ŷ·ϣ֮Ŷ̼
˵Ǿᵽԭʦ𣿺磿
ɵƤһо˽
ǵأϲ¶ˣϧûн
ڷŶúأм񣺺ݺݱɣͱݾͱޡ
ỹռɣ
Щʵ
ٺٺ٣߼úת⡣ߣӼ͸ɰɣ
ϵͳĵļһȻûģ˭ڵһԺԼò׻ܵĻթһա
ϵͳǼǳϵͳҪ
ߺߣϵͳʮ겻
ܰʾһιһˣκһʧܣһιʧŶ
ɴֱ˵ҧгݡ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
ŷҵһ£ʵұдɳġء


79 ·ϵʦ3
, ˵ʲôأôѽ
ϵͳۣҪһģȥϾǲܹġҲûע⵽仰ԼҲ˯˵ܶˡ
ʦ壡潣Լǰ°ڼҴҵش첽СܵǰȭϹ
ԱߵһλСѡ
潣΢΢Ϲʾ⡣վںһʱ仹ûдӾ˵ò֮зӦ
Сѣ
潣һ䡣
Ȼع, ̧վԼǰˡ
˵ǰ, ŹڹԡһϮ£𻯵ɡ
˵ĽҲȷʵǳΪ˵ɵһˡ
ӵˮǸӣ
ֻ΢΢Ƴһɣ֮ȫɵӰȴоûнԼС
ˮǺ
ɻ̧ͷ, ˫ĿֱǰˡһԻͲ絽˵Щʲôˡ
ûк˵𣿡
üЩ̫ͬĿԱվŵ潣
ʦ壬ͽֶҲǸոռһ, û뵽ʦ徹Ȼ֮硣֮, Ҹռ, , Ҳǲ˵ûл˶ѡ
ˡߵͬʱ, һ
һ仰֮΢һЩʧ, ΪܹԺԼһأ
ΪʲôоԼһʦе˼, ֮жʦȷʵеĮ
һ, Ŀռ䣬潣ɷӡ
潣𳤳̾һ, ⶼʲô鰡ֲҪͽ, ΪʲôҪҽ͡
ȻЩ潣򲻸ҵ˺˵, ԹСɡ
Ǿ鷳潣ˣɱܿ潣, ΢һʾԼ𾴡
֪ʲôӵģıֺ磿
ʵ, 
ĻشѧҪΨ塣кܶΨ, ⲻԾǸᶨΨߡ
ɸоزĿ, ΢΢̧ȴĿſգղŵһ˲·Ĵ
شлԪɵġıԴȻҲԪ֮
潣һʹ࣬·Ϊʲô˽ô򵥵شӡ
ۼƳ潣ĶָѾ΢΢ۿҪֱ۾Ҫ̧ȴƻʲôȻѹס
ɺҪܹԼĻԼͷѾһӡ
ɼæһĿ⻹潣ָǻ
潣һԼԪؾǽľˮ
Ϊÿһ˵ʢ⼯Ԫصõɽ֮ܣҪʹõı鲼ߵÿһط
ܹ֪ҼʹõıΪߣЩܸ֪˵ͨˡ
ϣ
ʲôϣϷֻϣϣǴûһ˵˹Ͽɺóԣ
˹϶ڴ󲿷˵ǲʳõģǶĳЩ˵ȷʵοϡ
ԭ˵ǲܳԵģ뵽ĳЩ壬뵽֮еĳЩˡô˵Ҳȫʡ
ȻôȫԵ顣
Сô˵ϷӦԵ޷ˣ潣̾һЩϧ˵
ˣ˵ˣ
ԪأɾҪԱкڵĻһͷߡ
һôʱһΡ
ˣܹ֪ı嵤еΧֶǲÿһǶܹ档
ֻжӦԪصǲſԴ棬ᾭǵ֮ٴ뿪ǵ塣
߿ʹһǳ֮Ϊת
ҵˮ
ɼæ潣Ŀգô˵ЩУ԰Щ̵һ
ˮ֮ΨһһּΪ
˵ʱ潣ɫ΢
֪ɽ¯һ˵¯֮ͨĽΪһΪ
ˮӵ߱ɽ緢Ϊ¯ѡ
潣ΪӵĿһۡ
ͦһ꣬ΪˮǼΪˮǿϧඣ
⣿ûʲôĺô𣿡
ɻΪǱʲôأǸеģԭ֮Ҳûʲô˿ԭҪԭΪ¯ġ
ȻҲеġˮӦˮԪ֮һ֣ˮ°빦
ţֵ̧˵Լ°ͣⲻϵ۸һָһȴ
ǵģмˮȵĻһʱ򡣡
潣ͷÿһˮ֮ȴΪЩԱԽԽ١͵ÿһˮǼΪĴڡ
ˣ㵽ɡ潣ļĽ͡潣Ծ˿ռ䡣
㲻ȥϸЩֻҪ֪Ϊʦ㼸˸Ҵ⡣
ݣΪʦɵĽëǾ鿪ʼ˰
ǺԥĴӦأƴٴӦأ
ΪʦҲˮɲصġ
翴ɴֱߵָԾԼ·ǺԼˮݡ
ʲô⣬Ͼˮֲܻɲ
ͽߵʦ𣡡˫ֱȭǰһҪߵ硣
һ˱ݵĿռ䡣
˰ʦ񣬶ͷϴɣӴԺ״ˣ
лʦ𣡡ӷ⿴磬ǰһˡ
֮ľ˲ϵôֱƮɵıǻ֮С
ʦ㰡
ûʶԼͽܵЩʲôֻ̧֣ڿ֮еĴа׵ָ¶
ָΪ޳ָżӣָ¶ŷۺɫһסȻϡ
Ǵʱһֻ˹һ⣬ָ˲Ѫ
ʦ𡭡
˵㣬׵˷簡
ţּѹԼɵĶͷ֮һ£ԭӦºɫָӡȴγһĨɫɰ롣
ʺɫɰɵĶͷ֮䣬΢͹ԭ㳤ڵĶͷ֮ϡ
ѪΣ֮ʱοֱᵽߣþһ
Ϊʦϣϴ
ʦ𣿡ָܵһ¸ڱĲλȷʵһȴ˿ûմȾκεѪ
ʦ㴦һ˿ڰɡһ£ⲻ˹ϵĺûᡣĿں±ڵϡ
ɺܻĽȴָ˺Щס
ʹĽָڴ֮䣬˿ڡ
ü壬ȴҲûнԼָ
һߵ潣𿴵ľ
ʦҾҪˣǰָҵĸôҵġ
һʱЩңæָ򶨲ұһɡ
ԭˣɲصġ
üͷɿԭͽǵԼԼЩСˡ
ͽТ˳ͽܣһΪʦΪԺҲеóΪһεġ
һùԹͽܵġ
¡罫Լָһֻһԭ˿ʧ
һʼֻǲ˷ˣܹùͽܲĵĻȻҲͲ˷ˡ
ȸһض֮У潣׼ס
ԭҪصļϣǿͷԼĿ⣬ɵ֡
˵Ӱ˲ʧڵС
Щţԭľ֮кɱԭԭŲʵʦ
лҪ˵
֪ʹõм̽ת
תø


ٺٺ٣ǸʽСţ


80 ·ϵʦ4
ĬĬظںĺ, ʼձС
粢ûУֱߵʲôطһգ֮˱һɽ¡
ɻһ, ԭڵĴǵһɽͷ, ĺ滹мӲɽͷЩɽǱǰһɽסߵġ
ɽɻ֮ƣ󷽵һλá
ǰɽܸߣ˵λӦΪɽ, һɽͨɽȻͨΧļɽһڡ
΢΢̧ȴǿĽ
Ǵ󡣡
ֻ΢΢Ŀ, ɾֱߵһططһʼֵλôԼҲľ, ԱһССʯ־, ׭̵Ļ, һʱ仹ûп塣
գ֮˱Ѿɽ
ɽĴ, 档ûйĽ˼, ֻǼ򵥵ؽһǰĸλá
λǰһ
ǶѨĶ, ۡĸֻ֪һʦñȽϼ, ɻδ뵽ȻܼӳһӡֻǶѡ
˵һֶǶһĿ
ֻ΢һƳһۣҲûзʲô
ʦ, ҵסأ
ôҲһҪȻܲΪΪɡ
, ôֻ˵Ҳ˳ʱ, ʦҪ׷ͺڷˣ
ΪʦĶ֮Ϣһ
΢΢תͷ, ɿɵ, Ȼ̤ĳŶ߹ȥ
һ, ԭЩɵľ˲չɵǰ
üһ, ⶴǸͳİɡΪʲôֻһ档
ΪʲôѵжҪ˯ԷʱָΣ
һŵؿԹԵŵ濪ʼˡ
֪ʦǸ䣬ǲʳ˼̻𡣵û뵽ʦȻġʳ˼̻Ȼ֮Ϊʲô֮ԭԸ߻ħҲԸɵĵ·ϼȥˡ
ҲΪʲôܹΪԭľ֮еǡ
ɷ˽Ųֵ˵Լ°˼һҪȥȡʣôһټļţӦһŴҲûаղڴʱ򻹿Ϸһأ
ضһԼȣЩŤ΢΢Ҫ
ˣ
һ࣬Χ΢΢ضַǽڣһȳһΧС
ˬ
๾࣡
һˣȻûгʲô
ɻʦ֪ʱѾſ۾ղֵֹĶ֪˿ȥ˶١
ɶЩԱ뱣Լ󡣵ǿţϣԼһ˼̻ʦеõһЩõϢ
ʦͽЩˣʱʳţ
๾࣡
üĿɵ䵽˫ŵĸüͷɿƺȻʲôһ
Ϊʦٹȶ꣬ȥʳ
˵⻰ʱһ£ǺȻʲôֶָֻ򶨵ݡ
лʦ𡣲֪ʳһɽͷɵĻû˵꣬Ȼɽһֻǧֽס
ʦ棬СʦĵѾˣСʦǰð
ɶȥҡ˰ɡ
һʵЩ죬ǺȴҲ벻ֻ֣˿ơ
лʦͽȥѰʦˡ
ʦֶһ䡣Ĵ΢΢䣬ȴԡ
ȴоЩ̫ĵӡΪԼд˱𣿿ԼһʦʱһҲȽϿأԺ·ϵ飬ʦǲǻرأ
ɸճţֱӰһʼ·ҵ棬ߵ˰ɽҪߵĴ󣬽ȴȻȵʲô
ΧĲݳïʢĵģҲ֪ǲΪԵʡ
ĺһƬݴԣĴҲ鲼ΧҲиԵʯ׭̲ͬͼ
ɺһֽµ
һԲε壬οԿ̵Ļ仨궼źһ۾;ͦϲģӦʲôİɡ
УҪһʧǲ룬ɵĶ߷·ʲô
Ʒˮ
ǧѵһ
СӣԸϷΪʦ
Ϸá
ֻҪϷ򣬱Ժûʲô˸㡣
һ׺ͷɫۣȻɵǰ
΢΢ȴеЩϤ
׺ͷʦΪأ
ϧˣ治ǣ
˼ѾʦˡһҲֻôһʦ
ɵĻӦһһҲ뿴˾ǾķɣԭĵڶʦѪħ
ģʱ˭ݡյԭȻԭ
ҲֻҪ㲻˵Ҳ˵ûʲô֪ġ
ȷؽԼĺ߽СˣǳԼûעҪǿеԼ
Ȼʲôö͵ؽһס
»֪֪
̾һڻһħķӡ
һһħ磬־ͽ磡
ǵľһ·ȵǻ۳ԵǹӸմʦ
ʦСǾţȻһ·ʮԪӤ鿪ʼʱѾǴڡһܹһδꡣ
ɲ̫ȷδָʦʮ껹ǲŶʮɽҲࡣ
Ȼͽһˮֽ꣬ɣûԸˮ٣֮һǺԼʦĽ̵ΪͽܣȻһţϧֻ֮ⶪһԼ
ΪʦҲô̵ġ
ڵʱѾһʮ꣬Ѿ£ΪǺ粻ϲԭɬѶľӡһ壬үүϤĽ̵үүΪ׽ˡǺûɣֻǶʱĿһɵΪȻٸһ顣
ʱ¶ԼˮȻһȺ׷ɱ󲻵ѵ£үүĽתħȻɽҵ۸Լ˽б󱻺һնɱһүүûռɵ壬ĴĲȻɹسΪ˴ڵˡ
ħսɽսʤħ塣һս糹׷Լһʼĵ·תɹΪɵһˡ
ʮľֻԭľ飬Ͼһߣ˵ֽ죬Ȼպ󹬵ļ̡üһ־֪ľ鵽ˡ
ľ鲻ĹΧ֮УҪǱֵľ顣
̤ϴգ֮Ѿǰ֪һصһ˲ͱһֻּ
СӣϷ棬ɷǰΪʦһο˺ģʽ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
Ρ桤ʳ˼̻ʦ硣


81 ·ϵʦ5
̤ϴԺ, ת֮ɱѾ֮ǰ
ʦֶѾվȺˡ
Сʦ塣سɹֱȭ
ô鸡һѣĴ̸˹
ԣСʦ, ĵơԼĹͳһ, Կɵ֡
Ժܹسɽšһ䣬Ҳôһֵ˵һ£ǵƵʱСӻԼ˵ʲôţ
ˣԡ滹һռ, ֻܹ󣬴ԼҲǷһС׾ͻὫռռ
һԼԴ, ЩȻ
ЩöǶŵ˵, Щŵһ˵ʦרŵķΪ, ҵľһ䡣
ָɿһ۴ϵķ䣺һҲ, ⷨĿռɾʹˡ
ղ˵, Էף
˰Ľ, ΨһռԷżӵԺ֮вϵ, һ˲֮ɸоԼĻ, ˣ
ԣŵûдﵽˮƽ, ЩɨһŻɸǵһ͵Ĳ
˵֮ȻͷԱߵɣСʦ壬ҴȥԷ˵ʵҲþûгԹˣ
ɵ۾˲һ, ͵˵һ仰أ
*
ԱԺ, ˳һɽ, ȥɽ¹һѵĲƷ˳㽫ưҲ׼˸顣ŵķʵгԲ, Ҫǵζʵ̫һ, ֻ嵭һζϵͳ˳һЩζƷ, Ӧܹ֧Źһʱ䡣
üӿĲ
װһѶȵ˴ʱһһİ˹ȥ
棬ǰոսɵķӣŻصȴȻִԱߺʲô
ǡ
翴ŵ϶ŵһѶˣһЩţ֮ġĬһ˲䣬һ֣ǰһЩȫ˽ǰ½ɵ档
ˣζˡ֣Щȫ˹ȥˣֻҪڵɽԺװµĶȫźñˡ
Ҳ֪ʦܹܲԼȥ
̤ϴԺոֱ̧Ӷԭء
ɻܣЩԼǲЩߴ·ˡ
ǣʦɽͷ
ʲôʱһ
ܷ
ɺ˼תҪԼĴӴ洫ݹĶΣʲôʱߴ·Ȼûз֣Լһ𽫶ݹˡ
ĴתһȦûзʲô
ҰݾҰݣ˵Ĺư裬ҶӶûһ
ѲɲǷŴ˴ߴ˴
϶ǰûʲô༲϶ûİ
̵ƶʦĶڣȴʲôûУڵϵһ涼ˡ
ԡĲأʦأǹͺͺɽͷȥˣ
лҪ˵
Һֻˣۿ


82 ·ϵʦ6
ɶ, Ϊһֱ治˴
ɸ΢ŲҪȥȷһһԼǲǾʱǰķںȻһ
˵ö, һ֮Ҳǡܹ˲˵Ǻˡ
Ͼ, ļ棬ĸĸ֮⣬Ҳû˽ɶ
̧öվڷſڵһ˵ס
ʦ𣿡
Īۻ, ǰʦ𣬵ǰһô£ɵѾ΢ЩһĴ𰸣ǲôĸҳϡ
ôˣ
绹Ϊܹ֮ǰļһسƺԼΪʦ
һξȻɵɵվ, ȻʲôҲ
ֻǸһӳȥһ˶, ѲɻӾѾ
ҪĻ, Ժɲɳȥˡ
, ʦҾһʱ֮Щ̫˷ˣ
ɿ첽ǰʦ, ǲܹ˵, ɽͷ, Ĳ˶
潣Ȼû˵
һ仰֮ûκξ֮, ֻ侲ĵһͷȻƽתֹ߶һ䡣
ʦ, ղ˵ʲô𣿡ɺ潣ͷ
ӣԺ֮ˡ
ƿ, վں, ĳ濴ȥ, Ŀ֮ƷͿ˵ӦоС
濴, һŷ滹С䡣
ɽһ˾ܹɵٶ
ĽٶȶѾҪϵϿ촩ˣ
Ȼ꽨˽˱ʱȷʵࡣ
ʦ潻Ϊʦ, Ϊʦ֮ǰûù
ĿĲ, ü΢΢𣺡ҪǾòÿĻΪʦ԰㽫Ķ
ʵ̫鷳ʦˡҺϲͺܺáæ
ʵϲϻ˭ϲĽӲӵĶأ
ǰڷмһʵľϲĲˡ
Ȼ뵽֮ǰסһɽ
ʦĹȻġ
ϲǱá
΢ĿɵЦⲻ٣ͷ
һӡ
ָһ¿ֱߵķ䣬Լǽһ䡣
ûִ򿪷ţվڷǰһ˲䣬Զ򿪡
ֶֻһ飺úÿ
ȻӰ֣Ȼűǰرա
ɴһϵ塣˵ʵȴǿ֡
ʹ׭̵ͼһϾǿó滭ϸ꣬ȴдĵʲô֡
ϵͳַ
ɲѻʹûֶһһַ빦ϣϵͳǱܹܡ
ȥԺһҪоһһԡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôһԾȻͿ촩ֵĻͬ
ѵʱеֶǷʶ֡
ûеĹ⣬һֻ˵бֲڿ촩֮ڡ
һְ
ϵͳһʲôʱϵͳ̳˶һְһܣ
һεĻ԰䡣ɽһ䡣
һݣֺ̨һbug֮ǰһ˿촩µbug
ϵͳҪбʱһޱȡ
粻ôоԽbugԽأ
ȲżӦǳһЩbug
ĳЩϵͳͦĵģһЩϵͳĵ

ɵͷԭϵͳbugû֣һļǲ̫ĻǶˣ⼸ʱлصϵͳռôôǲ̫ˣ
̾һÿһν֮ǰ֮ǰļ侪һ̶ȵĵķӡԭľȻԼжٻһ顣һǰٻûٽݵʱúҲǶһɴĹ⣬û뵽ٽ־Ȼᱻ촩ֽһεļ
ɶڿ촩ֻΣϾһЩݵǰȥıﴮš
ְѾװˡ
ϵͳæһbugϱ˿촩ֵйزš漰ߵʱ򣬿йزŵĹЧʷǳ֮Ѹ١
Ͼһbugܾ͵ĳһʧܣֲһÿһζܹһǲµĹ߽йԡ
֪ˡ
ɻӦһһεĿԼеϤԭʶѾĿһ̾ԺС
ɻصԼķ䣬رԼ˫ۣķʼ
һ˲䣬Χһз·žΨһܸоΧƯţͬԪذɾĽΧˮԪսԼ֮С
ڵ֮ڣ˳ȫͼȫ֮ų⡣
ٴ۵ʱѾǵڶ峿ϾȻһûиоۡ
Ȼˮš
һ»³ŵѾϽڵ֮ˣҪľѧϰνתΪ
һܹȻǼõġ
*
ڴζһСںĴı¡
绺۾ĿתԱߵķλڷϡ
סŵĸյͽܣҲ֪Ϊʲôͽܷ֮УȻᴫһζ
һζѾһʱ䡣
ߵжһʼһر⣬ΪһֻǳһСʱ䡣
֮϶ͻɢȥ
û뵽һȻԽԽŨ
Կ϶ǣһǴĵķдġ
̾һȥһ
һʲôһ滨ʲôԴħͽܵķ֮иΣ
ǴʱȻˣһħǵɽͷĻ»ûһɽͷ벽ͱֱն顣
ɶ
վһɵķ

ʦ𣿡̸֮˷ţʦ
ΪʦͲȥˡվſҡһͷղŵħͽܵķ֮С
ɵӣ֮еİڣһ۾ܹ쳣סȷʵûʲôħ
Щˡ
ʦ𣬿ʲô飿ѯһ䣬Ͼ˵ɲûʲôԼͽܵˡ
ԭ֮УԼôһͽһҲֻżȻ֮˲Ż󷢴ȱȥһۣȻֶһؼ뿪ˡ
¡򵥵ػӦһ䣬Ҫת֪Ϊǻ̲סؽһ¡
ζѲĲˣÿӣָһ°ڷСĲˣֵζһ㣬滨ӦЩġ
ʦҪͽһͬţɿźĿ⿴ЩªƷ󣬹ʹһ䡣
ء
ȷζԴȻȷʵ㣬Ѿٹȡʳ޺Ҳ档ʳķҲ̫࣬ȷ᲻Ὣȫͽûзԡ
ȷʵ㣬ܾöûŵˡ
ҪתĿ⻹̲סٴοһķˡ
ȻʦǿϵЩʳ
ɿǰķˣźǰӦɽ亣ζԹİɣӦҲա
缱æתվһߵɱǱһ԰ɡ


83 ·ϵʦ7
ɵһ˿Ц, ʦĳһЩ滹˼ԼҪԣȴ˵
źߵӦλϣȻȥԼõĶóһոµꡣ
ϴ֮꽻˺硣
ԼߵĶ, ҪԷ, ȴڶĺ翴Щ֪롣
ɷе꣬վߡźסӵЩ֡
һʱ֮侹ȻԼһʦѾ֪ûг˼̻
ֿ֮ĶǰùҲѾʹ÷ɡ
ʦΪʼղӣĪķ˲ʦθڣ
ûнһ˵Լһ˷ںǰС
ʦڰοӵķϿɷǿһԽȥ𣿡
㲻ԷƱսӵָ΢һĿղűһֱɵ, ʱŵؽеķ˼
ʦá
΢һЦԼŬõ˱˶ϿɡԼĳջͦĵģǲʲôʱѧˡ
ܵŵζԺ΢΢һ, ĺ΢, ӿʳõٶȡ
ɻصԼλ, ֶ׷ڡ
ʦɺθ, ͽһοҲΪʦ׼
ɿڷ, ǰķ˼󲿷ֶǽ˺Ķ档û˿, ڻе㿪ġ
һһĽԭԼĶȦ
ʦ, ȴʦЩ, һ紵·رߡ
һ㡣˫ǰĲˣŸղԼΪ, һ졣ǿŽӹɵݹĲˮ
һڣз·ò̫˼
пɡ
ˮҲпɣɽһʰ, 뿪֮ǰһ䡣
翴ԼѾĲˮ, һʱЩաԼ˵ͽԺ᲻ܴʵһٷͦóԵġ
ɽһ֮󶼲ʳЩ, ųЩ֮˷ʱ䡣
絹û, Ͼ, ֱڰתȫɢ
, Ҫڸ֮
ȵɻԺ粻ɫĽеĲ豭ݸɡ
ɿ豭յģ˺˼
Լʦĵڶԡ
ʦͽһһȻֱӽݵİ˸ɾ
ߵʱһζһؼ˳һЩ
ЩʴӵĿǰĶܸоԼһλԼˬȻƨ˰

ǷǳĶݣɽתΪ˴Լʱ䡣
һʱÿ׼ʱ쵽ķţ״򲻶
ԭһ˵űһ𡣶֮гԵһˡ
ÿһκĨɾԺһЩ
ɴһʼЩӦڵӦĽܡ
Ҳ֣ÿ˵ĻҲ΢
ա
нɵԭ֮е˲˼šһɽͷʦˣʦ롣
ʦ𣿡
ɴ򿪷ţĿǺ겻ףƽ޲˫׷󣬽ʦ֪Ϊλһ£̽ɫ˿Ű׺ᡣ
Ŀ˳ź䵽˺С
ɺף
üһ
ʦǡҪһºɺǴ׽ģ⼸ɴûмɽͷʲôɺס
㡣ֽɡЩ޿ġ˶סġ׵ݸɡ
ңһʱЩҽ֣ҪɺױסɺҲ֪ôģȻдôߡ
ôܳ
һֱоɺ׵ɺͨЩվȡ
˲佫νɺ
лʦ𡣡ɿǰɺףźл
ǰʱ뵽һӡ
ˮȻ֮Դʦ鼮¼ĳõˮǲˮ߱ʹķ
֮вˮأˮֵĵطȫˮԪĴڡ
ȻˣǷֱӿ֮еˮ֣Ҫһ¡
϶ܸʦѪֱʵ飬ɽûʲô˺þá
һγԷʱһ䣬統ʱӦæųԷûע⵽û뵽Ȼھͽɺ͹ˡ
µһʦ
ʦΪѰ𣿡̲סһº磬Ȼֳһº䡣
ɶᴹ⼸ڸͷڷθߵɣ΢һͷ
˳·ѡ
˵һ仰㽫Ŀɵƿ
ɿŶ΢Щĺ磬вһ˿ôô߰
һ˼ɵüͷ΢һأô˵֡
ʦ𣬽ϿԿȫף
ûȫһӦҲǲİɡ
ȻѾˣΪʦҲ÷ĺ⡣
ͬˡ
ɵһǽȥʦ𡣡
ʱ潣վĺɽһһɺףһֻֻôһֻ
ǸСӽɺ׸׽ˣ֪ɿ϶Сӡ
һʦʦ͵һֻɺױԼץˣԼ߿һɺ⡣ھȻְ˹
Ҫúýѵһ٣

ɽɺ˽ûˮ̹ëһɺڵˮԪķֲ
ˮԪֲڸȻ࣬ǵеˮһʱ
⶯ɸΧڴԼɺ׵һλÿʼλǰɺ׿ʼɽɺѪ֮
ɺĸӵĶתԭһɢ
ɻ۾ǰɺЩٺģ̱ڵϡ
ֽһˮָ΢ˮǰ˱ȻĳЩ֮е൱ڿЩʡ
ľˮֲӵˮ˱Ϊ֮ӡ
һûɶֶǻߵɺ׵ǰˮһǰɺףղŶˡ
ʱ򷢻ļֵˡ
ǰɺײ΢˲佩ӲϢ

ʦ𣬸óԷˡ
վںǰһºķš󷿼ű˴򿪡
šͷ
վڵߣȴֺķûйţһ
¡
ӻֲ⣬ЩĻҪϡ
ʦӣָôı˶ɽͷϣǾͻᱻ͵ҡ
ܵԱ˵Ĳרģ΢΢ĿȴɵĿͣڷϡ
һӣű㱻̹ϡ
ɺ׼ζһʱżһֻɺ˳ʡ
ɿųĶܷʵɺ׻̲סһԴ
ײġ
˵ʱüͷ΢΢һ
һ׽ģǺ漸߹ȥȻɺԼɹǺ˳־׽ˡ
ԼײϵİǾ͵ùԼ˭ã˲ʳߡ
ɸ̾һ
ǲɽͷ潣ᣬɺװķʷֵɺףһ£ûˣ
ԸɺͶͱģ
лҪ˵
ɺףɺףǴɺ⣬ըɺףһһֻɺף


84 ·ϵʦ8
˳Եĵʱ, Ǳ潣νꡣ
һӵΪͻͽ֮ǰһЩҲпǱ츳̶̰ѮʱѾż
, ɻ, ϾɵһγñһԳɹ
ȶΧʼаӿɵ֮С
ͬӽ, ɿˮԪڵһԪ塣
գ㼯, , ͻơ
һεĳ˵쳣˳Χֹͣ˾ҵĲ»ָƽ
罫ԭľƳ, ȴġ
, ΪʦȻء
лʦ𡣡
ͻԺ, ɱ㲻Ҫʳ, ÿ컹ܹ簴ʱĹ䷹
ԭҪͣµ˼Ҳ˱ȥ
ʱһζ, ͻԺ, ɵٶȱͬͻһѸ٣ܿѾ˽ڵż, ģһ˵ԪӤҲܹһͻơ
ʦ, ɽϵʳĲ, ⼸Ҫɽһˡ
ɽʱֵ֮ǰĶѾҪ, һɽһΪ˲㶫, ҲΪ, һչصʱʦְˡ
һķɾ൱ڰˣ
š
סӵһ, ָֻȻؼǰĲƷӦһ±ʾԼ֪ˡ
ʦһӦ΢һɽӦɽڡ
º粻ɽڵ˼ּһ䣺ɽµŮһѰԼϲĶɣ˵ǻὫԼң־һЩƷӸеˡ
ʦ˵ܻöٵأ
㽣֮д˼ϲá
һʣоеʳȻζͬǰĲƷ֮ǰһϲǾһ˲Ȼ᲻θڡ
ǻ֮л⡣
ɶٷ磬ػкܶС
翴Ŀ⣬ϵĿġɵס
ѮʱԭЩҲѾʼſϡԿԺĿΡ
꣬ĿɵջŬѹеĲƽΪʦԱˣȡ
𣿿ҲҪ
Ҳŷе꣬ĿЩſգЩɥ
ΪΣ
Լλϡ
ʦ߰ЩȴǷˣǺب֮еһԽĺ蹵
ߵ·עǹ¶ġ
ɵ
ȴû˵֪ɽаͬ޵ģҲֹһ⡣
Ǻȴɽ͡
ұˣϾһʦ𡣡
䵽ߣץס䣬ͷ
һ˫γоǺӰʦһֱҵģ𣿡
һ˲Ĳƽǹʹĵ˵ͷ
֪õıʦˡ
͵رס֫ĸһ£ɴסİɫ
ԣʦ𲻹ʲôҲԭҵİɡ
ûô׽һʱһЩ̫Ӧһɵͷ
ԣʦҪһɽ𣿡
סƽӡ
ļܹŵϵζǲ㣬Ƣ
㻹һϤ
ɵüͷ΢΢һ壬ıں粱ǰᣬȻɵ۾һ
粻Щʲôɫͨ죬Щ̫ؼ
ȻɽĹ֮С
ָᱡȻЩӲƷ
ʦǡѸٵؽǶ˳
ɫľƷ
ײҲš
̧ź磬ЩطԼĶ
ζȷʵǲ裬ҿϤⲻƽʱݲõĲ
ΪʦҪͣȴֲ֪Ŀڡ
ʦôϲ谡Ҳϲɽ磬˵ΪʲôʦϵζôϤʦ𣬺һͬɽɣǿһȥһײߣ棡
⡭ΪʦѾܾûСȷʵһĶ
ʦɽҲɵˣʦҺ´򲻹Щˡ
ɵһ˼̤С׻
á
羭סɵĥӲݣջͬˡжԼ˵ɽΪ˱ԼͽܣΪԼ˽
*
µգ׺ҹĻ֮ϡ
ֵСţҲд˽СӿڼϣĻŮŮ
ûдʲôƷȫŽ˷֮СлźܶĳʳƤֽװŵĸ㡣
ɶǶȥεأ
شȡʳЩؿ˳˫Եĳһȥ
ǱӦǻǺӣɽڣӦǱ߷Żơ
ɿһһش𣬺뵽ʲô顣
ʦȥһ£ʦҪһȥ𣿡
ɲûʺ벻Ҫȥֱ˵ԼҪȥ
á
翴Щε˼ϸһ»ܹоĺ顣
ɾҪǮһ
λӣƣǮһ
˻ûߵǺӣԼھʮ׵ľ봦㿴ΧС̷֧ӣڷŻƣԱ߻ëʡ
ʦֳһ¡ΧЩ࣬úţغһȥΧ
ɸתȴоԼס
Һһ𡣡
Ҳá
ɵͷֻź磬Ⱥ֮д
ʱ䣬һһ̻ϣ̻ڿըѣſɢҹա
ҹŻǧ䣬ꡣ
ԭȺžƬ̵Ѥɫʡ
ȵ̻ɢȥԺѸź磬˳ûߵС̷ǰ
̷̧ɣһʱ侹Ȼû˵
һμ˿εɾ
ƣ
ֽͭǮϡ
ãգ̷ǮɾǱߵıҲãԺ󻹵û
ɡ
һɨȥڷŵƶǲģкβͬģֵݸ˺һ
ϣףɾ˰ϡ
ˣ´һº磬ȷʵһţΪλᱻϳɷˡ
ɸҪȴߡ
ֳ˹Ʋġ
۷ˡ΢΢Ŀֻܽҿˡ

һʦû˼
߰ɣǰǻǺˡ
˫Żƣֱǰ߹ȥɿ첽Ϻ磬סȺ
⼸ʮľ뾹Ȼ˳ңɾܾˡ
˼мҡ
ֳʵ̫ˡ
ߵ˺ߣմȾ֬۵Ϣ
翴Щ̫ˣȴסֳȥŻơ
ƸƤӴĵط̽˺ĵס
±סΣչ黹ҹ˲ǡ
лҪ˵


85 ·ϵʦ
ǺӵܱѾվŮŮŮ, ǺĻƯţ͸ĻꡣһյһյϸϣǰֱԶ, ӳǺӡ
ɽƽ, һһյơ
˵дԸԱɿɵʳָָ£ƾд˼֡
оɲ֮ȼȵ˲ûûӵȼ
ɳ, ˵ҵԸܹ𣿡΢΢ѹüͣ͵ܹĻɵ΢, ԭһĨơ
ǳƺ, ȴƫƫѡɳ, ԸרŵĶźһ
ԡ
㶵ĿŶڻǺԱߵ, һ°, ɶ¡еĻ˵껰һ˲Ҳ
һյ, ôͼҵһյ
粢ûдκε, ֱӽƷˮС΢΢һЦ, ҲеĻƷ뻤Ǻ֮С
Ǳֳˣɳ϶ʵҵԸĶ𣿡
һֳ, Ŀ⿴Աߵĺ硣
ܰ쵽ġ
֪ΪʲôڶĿһ˲, оԼƲļ, ɳֵʱ
϶ԵġҲֻܹ쵽, ڰЦһ, ʱֻϣɳҪ
˵ʲôû, ̲סʵ, ֱղŵĻЩҪ
ûʲôʱˣҲûȥˡֳԱ߻ڶŵĺ硣
ڡͻȥ𣿡绺ؽִɵϣʵ绹һЩδò׳һˣ⻹Щһμ˼ķ
΢΢ؿ磬˾˲ھֻܹоĽëɨԼϡ
ɳԺٴ氡
ںĶϣƼԭɰ׵Ƥ渡ֳһĨĺ죬Ӷֱ
Ǳġ
һɫеֲ˼
ǡЩεӦôʦ𣬼һŰɡ
ҪΨһͽܣҡĻû˵ǽɵ

֣ǰߣѤõ̻ϣĺ
ڴӻǺΧȺ֮뿪ֵ˴󲿷ֶۼڻǺһ㣬ࡣ
׼һտĵطʩչǵȵ˼֮󣬷Ӧٵĵ·һ߾ȻΧһˡ
ЩĿȥ˳źĿ⳯һ߿ȥ
СŮӣḸ
лҪ˵



86 ·ϵʦ9


 
Χ·˷, պܹļλмĹӡǹһϮɫĴֲñͷɫķ˿¶һơ
ǹڵ, , һ˫ĿЩף˫Ŀ֮дѪ˿ȷʵôһʹ˼ġ
ǹڷŵֲ֮òϯϯ, ڲϯһ˸պΧ
ӷ϶֮пԿü¶һֻ֡һֻںڣָȫָϼ룬Щѡ
λ, к, СŮԸ⵱ţ
ǹһ̧, ΢΢ſ, Ҫղ˵Ļ˵һ顣
ǹĿɨӹΧȺ, ɵϵʱȴ˻
ԭе, ȴ˵ĳһ
λӡ
ΧŮĻ֮ˢˢĽĿ·˵ϡ
ʲôƶ, , ҲǱβְ취Ҿƶ, ΪӣҾȻ޷ҵĸװϢ
Ӵ
Ůӳһ, Ŀضɡ
ɲɵúһ, ߵָ΢΢
û뵽ȻϷ, ΪʲôԱߵĺ, ƫĿǿԼأ
ĺ濿һ, ǹĿĶš
Ӵ
ΧƼһ, ҲȰɡӵѣɵĴӦܹõóЩǮ
վںҺ࣬˿ļ΢΢ĿҪ֪ɵ׻᲻һ
λﰡҪ㸸װϢ𣿡
ԭҪԼһ£Ǻȴ⽫Լ¶˳
Щ;ȵĿ磬ϺĿȴʱЩ顣ʲô
ʦ𡭡
ûгĿȴʾ˵֡
ü΢Ŀɵƿ䵽ǹĸϡ
ûȻ粻ʲô飬ǵǸĿɵϵʱоԼһЩˡ
ӴĿС˶
ÿÿ!
ȻһȽϼ̶һȣϹΣһɵӣǸżǿ׳ش֡
С˶Ƕӣүǣ
٬Ľ°𣬿֮һ˿ľޣҲֻһ˲䣬ƲƲ죬㳯Ÿߵһͯģ֡
ү⡭˿ǰһΣǹԼƫͷ뿪үȣһ£ݺݵؿԼү
ǸҪԼү
㣡
үְ춼ǮüĿ֮Щͷ
˻
ͯӷүУȴүֽӶǹǰ
ߣǽĸװˡ
үӣԼǰҡһ£װη.ӡ
ΧһкõĶûС
Ӵ
ǹﲢûнǹӵʩĺ⣬ٴγ
ɴߵ΢΢ԼǱ˶£ĵЦֵӾ涼ԸݵĹѪ飬ȻһᷢԼϡ
㡭Ϊ㣿
ү˳ŹĿ⿴վһԵɣеžһºϣ첽ߵɵǰ
㣿ͳñȱүÿôһ㣿һƫͷǱ߹ŵĹḸүȻѾǮǱүˡ
ôΪƾ㳤һӣҪǮ˵ѡһúÿģ
үḸϷûʮҲˣ
Ҫ𣿶ǿóġ
ɿԱߵүЩţ̲סЦһΪԼѡ
үԸΪūΪ澣ţ
ǹ̲֮ס¶һ˿˿ҡ
ȻҪ㣬ȴܲǱߵϰסƹǹڲϯǰһ˫ִϵ£ڲϯϷ
΢΢۾ܹĸܵ˵ˮɵָ΢΢һ£ˮڲϯµ¶ֱѪ˲䱩
ָ£
ң밴ǱߵϰװĸסǱҪʬ
ʬ
ǹظһ䣬Ȼûʶʲô
ǵģǻὫĸ׹עһҩҩԽĸ׵ʴ
󽫿տǽרŵҩ֮нʮ죬ȻƵĸ봩͸֫ɹ̶ضĹ֮Уɽ֮ϣ
ܹܵĻұԸӡ
ɵ΢΢ض¿ǰŵĹѹü͡
ĸףߵˣȫҪķ
ˣھҪҩ
Χ·۷׷ףôаķ𣿵ʬⲻ񼣣
ƭӰɣ
ôˣ󻹲˰Ϣ
Ƕӡ
ִͳӣеһ¡֣ӷڹС
ǻúõĸװϢġ
תǱߵĲϯ߹ȥֽڸŵָƤְסؽڴ
ҪҲҪ
ԭŵ˲˫ֻţһ˫ŭĿŶڶꡣ
Ӵթʬˣûϵҿʬ塣
ЦΪֶܼãھԼ¶ˡ
һ֣תס磺߰ɣû˼
ס磬ֱӴΧ˵Ŀע֮˳ȥ
ү˵ıӰλ̨ûȤʶһ°
Ƕ˲ûлӦǾֱһ߹ȥ
үӺʮһ£Ҫ׷ȴȴ뵽ʲô飬תͽӵǹǰĶһ˻
̨ȵң
үѸٵس뿪ķܹȥȴҲ˵Ӱ
һΧ˵֮ʹ˷תλá˲תƵһȽƫƧĵؽ硣
˵ȴһ
Ҷɽʧ֮󡭡Խҵ尴Ǽİ취ȥһĻ
΢΢ĿȽϸ΢ɻˡ
ʦ˵ʲôʲôȥ
ЩãĿԱߵˣⶼЩʲô߰ģǺһ˸ղź˵⻰˼
ʦòڰοҰɡ
һ˫ӿ磬˸ź棬ѵΪԼϰײ˽ܣⰲο˵ĻʵЩˡ
ûУʦǰռϰױǴûнҵʦ𡣡
΢΢ܿɵĿ⡣
ǸղŶϹġ
ɳ̾һϵЩȴʱϵټӿ졣
㣬˵ʲô
üȻ˵֮˲̫ںЩ壬ҲǺòײŽЩֵĲġȫǼٵģ
ʦǿˣǼҾթһǶѡЩε̯̯֡
ǡʦǼϰǣҪôһˣǽĹǻҶҪһġ
ʦ𡭡˵ɵĻû˵㱻˴ϡ
á
絭ĻӦ崺硣̸Ž.ɵ飬ɫȴׯصġ
һԡ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)


87 ·ϵʦ10
˻ȥ֮չ, ԭļƻһλᾡԴԪӤڵż
˵չͺƺˮԷһգ֮ҽų, ɿ֦
ʦ𡣡
һر㼲ϵ˺ߡԭӰ꾹ȻҲѾȺ߳һض
ԪӤ۷壿
Ŀֻǵһɨ, ׾ټڵΪ
֮⡣
ЩƿĿ⣬ԭΪܹԪӤڵżһαչرǳɹˣû뵽ʱΪȻѾôˡ
ʦһϲ, ǿʦӣƲȡ
ɵĿΧҲ֪ױչ˶೤ʱ, Χİ边Ȼ뿪֮ǰ޶¡
ʦ, Сʦˣ
Զһֽ, ɫķֽ۵ɵֽ׻Ӷųں֮н䡣
洫Ǻͺˣ
֮ؾҪ, ʦ֪ͨСʦ׼ؾ
ֽ֮ȼ
ؾ
ʲôؾɲ쿴ǰĺ硣
һ֮ǰ, ɽϷֵһؾ, ȥ, ֮󾫻γɡ
л, ȻҲзա
΢΢̧ϵĿ΢ӡ
ǡʦȥ𣿡
ɶںǰ, ַԼϥϣͷ, ɫ֮оΡ
˵, ֻҪʦȥ, 㲻ȥ
Լ
ܿϵĿ, , ȥ, ֻһ䵭ĻظȥıӰ
ôˣĦԼ°ૡΪκȻô䵭
лȻҪһģؾ֮Ҳֹ
˼

ڣյſںһµӰ
˫̱һӵڵϣ˫Ŀأڵϵָ
ۡ
ɺѪˮմȾذ׵
ֲǵѪ͵شͷаӲѹȥ
ãɿأȴѾˮʪ
΢΢̧һϵ㻻һϮ°ɫۡ
׵ķ߸ɷǣף˿ղǱӡ
˼ҹСͽܣ߲Ŷ԰
Щ˻𲻸ʵζ̾ںԺ֮С
죡

˸ռʱʦЩ̫Ծ֮⣬ʣ༸ָֻûбչ֮ǰӡ
ȻѾΪԪӤڴܣѾҪʳ˼˻Ĭûһ顣
ʱһζ
ɳŷź絽ؾ֮
ؾ֮ǰ˹ڣŸɾд˵ء
ֻΧԶΪóһ·
ΧƼ̲֮סԱߵߡ
λôҲ֣
Ǹ˭ûм
Сʦ壡ߣ
һ۱㿴˺Ⱥˡ

˳ķȥŶվؾ֮ǰλûм䣬ʾڵλ
ʦͽȹȥˣ
ɹ
类ڸסָ΢䵭ȥɣ
Сʦ壬þûмˣȥ㣬˵չˣ
ɵļȤһչأȻʱ䣡
ꣿɾȵظһԭôʱ
ôʦûи˵𣿡һۣΧûһˣҶԾÿλá
Ҳǣʦ˹Ҳںʱ䡣
૵
Сӣֹ˵ʲôأһȭļιϡ
ʦ㣬С𣿡ЩεԼļ
ǣ˵һΪʦ˫ֱأ
ôҰⲻٺСʦأ
ٴ̧æ˫ʾͶ
Сʦ壿ʦ㿴վԱߵɣһæԼͷСʦ尲áǵҩӣСʦá
Ӵ~~Աߵظ
죡ֻһ¹ؽڣ
Ӧһ
Сʦãˣʦܣ죡
ֽԼˡ
죿
죿
һָǸˡеа
䣬䣬Сʦ尲ã˱ȭ
ãɵͷ
Ҳһˡ
ڴ˴νؾһʮˣŶ˲ţ͵ΪҲǽš
ɵĴӵĳϺؾڣҸÿ˷һŴͷ֮ǰܴΣʹá
չ黹ǱȲ

һ˽ؾԺ󣬼˷ɢСһ
ԭ׼Լжģκ˵ʲôҷСʦ塣
һʼ죬ȴȴܾˡ
ҲûмֻǶһΣտ
ڲ֪Ϊǰ£Ҳһˡ
ССͱѾǽ۷壬һνؾΪͻԪӤ
֦ҶïΧĻ侲ףٰ϶ơ
ɼһ·һޣժȡһЩɸݣҲջ١
Сʦ壬ûʲôΪ
֦Ūǰһ𡣾׵ҹϰϰȵĻΧһƬڰ
ԪӤվһ꣬ԱһŴ׳ɣбһѽ
ŶԪӤʲôԪӤ
һʼûзӦе֦ţһ˫˲
ʲôֵģʦ治ҲšһۣС֡
ⲻǡҪһ䡣

ԭ˫Ŀ΢˲۾һŽ
ԶOO@@Χľ졣
µĵ涼·𶯡
Сʦ塭ϵĻ档Դ
ܣ
ɴߵһΧˮ궯һйɵڳ߷ٱ
Ѹתϡ
ʦ㣬ң
˴һһ̴Ӳݴ֮й˳
һҲûԶһ̻֮ͷ
ǡ죿
Сʦ壡ʦܣֽ޴ʣ͵ؽ뼸˲ݵĵط
лʦ㣡
һѪַؿڡ
ɶһߣƤͣ
ǵʲô̫ĿԱߵˣôǱ
Ҳ֪
ҧһҩȥһ
ûӦתߡ
Сʦ壬ȥɵҲҪϡ
!
ڲܵźĶǲ֮ɾܲˣ
ܱߵľӦҲֻ˲ƳԼʮɵľ롣
Ǽ˵Ӱ˲䱩¶
ͻȻһ޴Ӱ޵ıٶȼ죬ת۱ˡ
һҧеĽֱֱĳޡ
ѵ
޵˫ཻһЩ𻨡
飡
ݺݵ˦˳ȥݺݵ׹䣬ͷѪ
ʦܣ
˼ٺˣһǹ˻Դٵٴγ˹ȥ
ʦ㣬ˣҧƿߵˣӰҡҡ׹
𣡡˻һƱʲô˲Զ
֣żһԾ
ĽĲ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)


88 ·ϵʦ11
Сʦ, ˵ʲôĿڶϣޱ鵫еĽȴǸһ֡
õģػĶɲͷ, ûʲô˼, Լûõ۱ˡ
ҪڻΪ̤ʯ
Сʦ塭ҪɵĽһĲһѪۡ
Ҳ˵飡ս, ֵ˻ǰɵƺҪ顣
ѶֶԺ, ڴ򲻹һϵԺ֮С
촹, ֻס塣
ɵĿһ֮, ЩϤ, 벻ˡ
Сʦ, Ҳǹǵⶫ, ҾǿԱߡ
ӻóһ, ûȵ˵, е˲ɵУƺһ, Χײĸӵˣ
תߵߣ˳ָһŵҩȻȥ, ؾһ, 
Сʦˣ
ͷ, ΪֹǼ˵ջҲС
ֽеķȼվ, ӰѸٵʧ
״ҲŻȥ, ˳һ, ȴǴĻнġ
ϾǼԭٴһʱ䣬Ҫʦ졣Ҳڻͷ죬Сʦ
ƼĿҲû⣬ֻǽӵ޵ǰƴҪȴҲֻ޹
ڸʲô
ϵͳɵĲЩɻһ˵ݻȥޱȥϾ޵ΪҲͣӦҲһǵһ֡
ȻΪ񣡡
һǰ˲顣̺ͷšĿػݱƻ˫Ŀ죡
꣡װһѷ죬ѷ˲ɢֲ
תܣ˲ɢ
ܵľȻٶȲࡣԽؾܣΧľҲԽԽ١
ϵͳָ·һֱؾķС
һʼûע⵽ȵµʱźȻһؾԭҲϾǹĳʵӡ̡
һǣư׻һԳ˫Ŀ֮Ŀ
ʲô·ͨϵ·
ħӡ֮أ
էһϵͳĻӽϵ
ϵͳɵԺ֮аָ·ֱӳħĽطɹȥ
ȻĿǰһûɣѾʼǵڶļƻˡ
ӡ뼸ûκεľ˵һؾĺ֮ӦӵŨȴһħ
ÿ߽һɶоħҪԼϵıϡ
·ϵ޷׷׺Ȼ
һ·ϳͨ裬Ψиں޻ڽ׷ᡣ
תսϾǽͣĽҲһˮƽ
ھɴԼɵľ֮ͣ£˻ǰڵĦȴ
ΧħŨЩޱʾӦҲ֮С
ЩڴħӡԵʱ㲻ǰܹڵһ̶ȣֻ˵һ޵Ϊò
Ҳûٺȥ˫ֽӡɫĹ˫֮ը֡
ɷֵ䣬ɫĹ֮ӡ޵֮СɫĹһ˲ʧ
ɻת޵֫Ӳܶգ֮޴ȻΧ
סڱǣͽؾ߹ȥ
ӡ֮صΧһƬ˴Լʱڿ˷ӡĺλá
Χħʱ޿̵ĲʴıϣĬĬؽԼ÷Ӻ
һǰһ˱أɫķεض𣬴ĿĹƯڰ֮С
˰ɣ
ڷΧһȦվһλá
ʳָָ£һɵ֮бһѪɫϸߣѪҺӿ
ɷӡڷ֮ϡ
ѪɵΪĿʼɢʣŷһϸһǰ
ԭӦõϵ˿ڲûаϣɵɫЩ԰ס
ʼɢħ֮֮С
ɵĶͷϽ飬ħ壬ڽжֻ֮£ջħϢռơ
ħһһĽʳīɢ޷Զ
Ѫ߻ͼĿĺ
һħӡ飡
ɵ˫һֳ̱ŵ棬ǿӲĳ뿪һλá
ûϵıڵħԽԽࡣ
ϵͳĵ£ǿ˶ڵ棬ħŰջǻ˹ȥ
*
ؾ֮⣬ĺ˵ע⡣
ԽԽĵӴؾ֣ǻɫֻ򾪻겻
ô£
гϼǰסһӵʵǵӵϲ޵ħ
ϣңҲ˴ħ
ǵеĳ䣬һٺңֻȼշӳˡ
ԭһߴĺ磬˲ָһ㣬͵س佣ֱӳؾ֮С
ԭӦؾȻһƬɫš
о̶ܹ˷·塣
缱æԼһϣһ˲ӴȴҲħʵ
ԭѹסʱܿѹƣһλȫ̱
֮ľܣɢ
˳ѪҺָҵɵλá
ɫŨ
һڶѨ֮Уڵסٱǣæɱؾ
𣡡
ؾ֮⣬ϼӰҪѯ
ȴֻԶԶһ䡣
ħӡ
*
ѩΧɫҴҡ
ڵϵָ΢òŻ۾

ɼѵϵ·֮ǰ
վԭأ˾ȻֱӴϴ
ЩãȻĿԼ˫֣˺

ȻɵĿ⿴еһˣɼæ˹ȥ
Ȼɵֻܸ
Ѿħ̨ˣ
һ˹
ħ̨촽΢ظһ
ǰһ𻺻תһæǰҪסˣʦ𡣡
˵봥һ˲䣬ȴȻоͷĿѣ
*
ħͷͷ֪ڸģ
һͷŭָħ̨ϱ߸һˣ˵֫ᴩʺѪҺһ̡
ͷĿѣҪַȴԼֽ˿ö
һ޺ݺݵسϣ޺۴Ӷͷ۽ǣԭ毺õ׼˺顣
ִϣ
ȵѪҺڸߣɫҰ֮ԼԿ˵ס
ʦ𣿡
ħͷʦƣ
ǰû˵ֻǼһû˿ԥĽᴩɵࡣ
ˮ˲ӿ࣬ѪҺڽʹࡣ
ɣ
Ϥڶǿ۾Щס
ѪҺӿ³һѪٴλ˹ȥ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)


89 ·ϵʦ12
ɣ
һֻСסɼ, ˵ں֮ϣһȴûеõӦеķӦ
ɣ
練סɵ󣬻ؽԼ͵ɵľ֮С
ǰؾ淢ɵʱ, Ѿ֪˶೤ʱ, ڵѾȫɢΪʧ
ΨħɵƣŰظɵ
ԭҪڵħɢǲ֪Ϊȴʧ, ڻһշħ
֮ºֻѡħɳ˳㽫ԼΪɸһ֡
뱾취ϵħȴֲûһ˿һΪ
ԭΪ⼸ͻѹ, ղŵһжĴ
綣һб뿪, ȻҲûƼɵĶͷһĺ⡣
*
Сʦ, 㻹û˵Ǽ㵽ʲô, ˶˵ʦ潫ȳġ
ЩĵİŪе, ޱ鿴̫Ҫشһ⡣
ɽеĺ, ֻ̧ؿһ, ˲ֱԾ
ֻһʱ, ҲֻǼһСֿʼߴߴĳͣ
һ˵Ĳ²⣬һؾħӡ, һᵽǸѾͷ
Ҳ֪ǿһ棬ʵҲ
, Сʦ, ʦ˵ʦͻ, ·ӡħ϶ֵˡ
ִӵֲɵһ, ɫһʱЩ㱡
磿
ԼѹҲûпξ澭黹Ŀ, ÿһƶڳʹ
, ȻҪˣôǵļƻǲҲճˣ
һˣһƱԽݼˣ
ϵͳЩϵͳռ
һӴݣһʱļڣֱҪ̫á
š
ĲɵĽеĺ£絽ȥˣ
û˸һĴ𰸡
ϡܹǵõıԼڻ֮ǰӦħģǵѹʱϵħѾɢˡ
ܹһ˳˺벻ڶˣǲ֪Ǳʲô
ԭҪѯϵͳģϵͳһʱԼһڻþ֮УҲ޷絽׷ʲô
˵Ҳ֣ԼΪʲôԵ޹ʵıԭĻþ֮У
⵹ҲһõĻᡣ
Сʦ壬ˣ
ϲһæɱΧĺժСʦ壬оĲɵģǲʦ氡
ȻһԴҪֻʦξ˵ʦû£㲻صġ
Сʦ壬һȣؿԱ߱һûиıɡ
ʲôֵþȵ𣿡ɲĿˣ˭ΪԳԽʦ𣿡
ûˣɽ֮УΪѾǶ⣬ǸɽһֶԸ磬֮벻ʲô˻ʲôܹˡ
ðɡҲǡ
ʼ磬ȷʵһؾΪȷʵûܹʦĶ֡԰ΪȻб鰡
׼ȷ˵ӦǻһˣǸԶߣǰ
ĿɵɨһȦܹʦ˵˰ȻҪúõհһ¡
ʶȤû˵
㻹ʲô𣿡
ɻֽȻǲںĳЩ˶ԡ
ûˣСʦúϢԺʱٹ㡣
̸һԭҪһٷţǰɵʱǡɳԷ˳һ٣һζԼڻ
ֻûһڸˣ
ʰһ¾뿪ˣֻʣɻԭء
ɣ
ɸԼһ裬ס
ĻҪ𣿸ǵϢǵò
ڵϵ˸ܵ˲ò̫ѺõĿ⣬ĸԼĴǡ
Լͻִڣʱûʵ֮һս֮⣬ȵ뿪벻ˡ
ղŵĻ˶٣
Ƶĳ裬豭ĶƮݣˮ
ˣ
˳ʵĻӦ
˵Ķ𣿡
ɽ豭ϣĿ·ſգ֮ͳһ壺⽻ɫ׽Ӧôġ
岻Ǻ罻ţ
ϵͳЩգҪǺ֪ĶᱻתںӪ棬Ҳ֪᲻Ǻڡ
Σ
ɷ·⣬һѡ
ʵľһΣԭΣصģ
ϵͳҲɽһþ֮УɾȴԭгֵģϵͳܸоԴӴһþ֮г֮˺񶼲̫Ծˡ
֪Ҫƭ˲ֹһ
ʲô˼
ϵͳЩף˺Ѳɻʲôǵ
մһˮָд˼֣һӲ
ȥɣɫҴֻҪںĵӦұã
ʱͬ뿪ʱһϢ
ԼķȴԼ֮䲨׽Ĳٴ۵ʱѾվԼǰ
ɶŵˣ
֪ǲǴɺԼ֮俴罫˻ȥ
ʦڻˣ
ɵĿں紹ϣȻӵסһ˼֮ӡ
ˮɵ۽ؼ沿ؽ֮С
ɶ
̾һḧɵĺԣڰο
ʦȥˣΪҲ֪һһѹĴѰ㡭ɵֳźޱȵί
ֻϵͳ֪⼸ɹʵûһҪڴˣϵͳԻǲѾһ֮Ժˣ
ΪʦĴ´һȸ֪㣡
һ㶣ĵڲһ˿˿ϲȻعףν˼Լ˼һ¡
˵ˣһһҪһȥҸʦֿ
ɴӺĻװõԼᣬʵֻǽԼۿЩ졣
˵ˣΪʦ˵ԺǻɢɣǻҲҪһġ
װµӽһ仰ĵ׵Ļ˵Ǵġ
㽫ҷųұ֤Сͽܿ϶ˣ
סģڵסŶĶ
죡
ĵŭ⣬ѾԼܿƲסħʲô˺ɵ顣
㲻õһ˺СͽܣϾҾΪĲҪ˺ȻҲʧ
ҲӦһĲֻСͽµȥ𣿡
ħڳ磬Ҳ֪ǳΥ׳ϲԼͽܻڳزڼװߵӡ
޷ôһ죬һֽԼ
ĿԴ
ħûٳǺֻ֪Ǿʱѡ
ʦҡ
ſڣְѵﴽǰĻ˻ȥ
ǰĺ翴ɫЩ쳣ƺЩˡ
ʦûпǺãȺúϢ
ƺҪ硣
סɵ֣ΪʦܺãɶҪʲôһҪΪʦ˵
ϵ֮ѾԶ׼ˡ
һʼĺܻ⣬һʼĺҲڻĵһʱ俴Լͽܡ
ʦؾ֮ǰһجΣ
ɵüȻ§סĲ°͸ںļϡ
μħˣʦ㡭
лҪ˵
q(RQq)


90 ·ϵʦ13
ôˣ
Ƥһ, ĵ׶ʱЩ飬ܸоʲô̫õ鷢
μʦ㡭ɱˣ
˵һ仰֮һ˫ضź磬Ҫп̽ʲô
ϵͳ˵ԭľ, ϶ǲ֪, ˵ʵһδ̽ʵһЩƽġ
ǶɶԣҲǶԺԡ
ᡭ
Щ𾪵Ŀɣǲ⣬ƺ̫ΪɵԼˡ
ħʱԼĵһӦǰɽħȥ, ˵Լʼնûвɵ뷨
㣡
ħץסʱҪô˻ȡƿȨҿ㣬۵ֻ㣡
ʦҵʱҷҵֽȫħ̨, Ҫ, ȴ˿˵Ļᡣ
ɻɿ˳ź, ɫĪĵ䡣
Ҳ֪ʲô, Ҫ, Һ񷢲κε, ұ, ҡ
ɵЩ, ԿĳһξĶ˼
ˣЩξ, Ǽٵġ
ֽԼĻУ
Ҳɱ㣡Ҷ᲻յһ˿һ˺
֪, ƴŵѹ, ȴûܵһʱ俴ʦ𡣡ɴʱڳ, ѹʱǿ, ڻŵʱļ䡣
ֻЩֻҪ˵, ôҲóʶġ
ʦ, Ҫһ죬ħˣʮ顭
ɴӺĻ֮˫סֻԼס
ʦɱң
˵˫ĿγƺԴ۾֮п顣
˵ʲô
üôᵽָܵ飬ôһġ
ʦһҪӦң
ҲʦΪѣ
Ҫִɵ˫֮гʵЩ
ɻɿ֣͵ؽ뻳СźīЩ
ôһ죬Ҫ֮ϣʦҪһ˿һԥ
ʦɱң
ʱޱȾ޴𺳣ǲǸԼʲôħ䣬Ϊÿ˵һ仰Լ඼ڼٵҪΪʲôһҪѡ
ãҲֻ絭ӦһΪʦӦ㡣
ϣԺ󶼲ôһ졣
ôһ죬ôһȥ
ͬ롣
ϲһ׶εɣ
еصɵԺ֮У绺ػرסɣĽǶȣȴ΢΢
ʱһζ⼸һҲûҹɣֻǴϢǱɫѾҺ˶Ӧˡ
ɶ
⴫һŵůһʵỺػɵ֡
ʦڡ
ɷֽеżյִ򿪴ɢյζ
ɶΪʦҪٴǰؾҪΪʦһͬǰ
ԭǲȡãϾؾڻħţ֮ǰɱѾؾ֮гֹʵЩĵġ
һȥҲЩ̫ġ约Լڵһʱᷢʲôõ顣
ʦҲһȥ𣿡
һħӡɿ˵Ƿǳ˽ˡ
ʱѪֻƿ˵һӡǵʱħȷʵڶӡѹ
ʱʵûоƳڶӡˣں޲Ҳֻǵһӡ
ǳɹˣɺ滹鷳һΣһһǹΪԼɹˣ
зӡһܿ٣ɱֱӵؾڴ
ɿ֮ǰؾ֮ʱһЩΪĳϣЩҲһνзӡ
ʵҪѹںͺϡ
ϱһϣҺؾĴ֮ǰǧɿǱߡ
ɹɵĵͷһ˽зӡ֮ʱɻϢĿЩˡ
˵֮ǰΪʧǺ֮ǰɸһΪټɼֲиҲǿָ֮ǰΪľųɡ
ɵĿǱĳЩ˷֣ȴû֨Ҳû˳ϡ
һڸľǷڷӡϣһû˻ܹµĵӻ᲻ġ
ھԼû뵽ֻǾĪǲԼŸǵʱԼһ
ɵĿλϵɨһź۵ϡΪģΪɵʱµġ
ȷһЩźԺ󣬲ŽĿںϡ
ȵӡɴźķһʱ䣬֮ͬеķӰ֮£ڵϣʧӰٺá
˸ɢȥȻҲŻص֮С
ɿһҲһεķӡԺתʧˡûע˵ȥ
գ֮㵽ˡ
ɫ˴ɸϢǱ뵽֮УԭǵĴ֮дһûɴߣȴɷһƻ
ɼȻԼɣЩ˵ʲôҲҪϵģֻɫ̫˽ɵҪʹʲôֶ˳źһ뿪
ϣʰڷڴڵɵĿھߡ
Ĵûйؽһ϶
϶ȻһӰȻɵǰ

˵ϥأַദ
𣿡
ɻ۾ǰˣɵķԸ˱ʵʵƲԭò
ϴŵһȴȻǻӡһħ塣
š
Ļش
ժң
ָָԼദ
ǣ
Щ⣬ȴɰɵķԸذ׾ֱɵλô̹ȥ
屻һֻժԭѹƵħӵذ׵档
վԭû˿ķ
մָڵľ룬ذױͻһĿĹֳֵذ׵˱һĵ˶档
ɡ
ɫ˵ϵĲؿڴѪϵӿ
ʦ𡭡
סԼ˴ȾħĴɢ
˵Ϊʦħ
ⱻɵһˣڴ˿Ŀֶֻ֮ѵĵӡ
ʦСģ
ıƴź󹥻˹ȥ練ֽɻ֣ɫĹָէ֡

һȥһ˲䣬粻ŵĴ
ɫĽӲĴ̴ţʺɫѪ۳ɵΣӽ¡
סֶһ£·𻹲ҪںͳһѪֱ͵ؽγ
ҪȴԼеȻסҲ˵ھһ޸֮ͨˡ
ʦҲģǡ˭ħأ
ѹסħһ˲ŷһ˿Ѫ졣Ӱȥʶʧһֻһ仰
лҪ˵
q(RQq)


91 ·ϵʦ14
ȿȣ
סеĳ, ǿ
ȥҽһ¡
ֽ佣˵ϣմȾѪʵЩĿһֻͳҩι˽ȥһסļ, һִѽ籧
л
ɽħ֮μ,
һɫ߽طָһһȴš
ӭ
ħˣ˵ɽ, ҽһϢħȺ֮Ĵ
ܹɽ۷ˣöôҪǵ˵ʮꡣ
ħӣ
, ǸǸô
֮, ˵λ, ߸ڷ˼Ρ
ֱ, ֱĸˡ
, ɽ罫ôЩѺħ嶼ͷų
ҷ, ʲôΪ, ųȥ, ϶ǵĸ󻼣
ħĵڶӡǻûн⿪ΪħļƷ
ʦħҲʲôʦɥļһ
棬һûһİе, Ǻǿ飬Ҳɫһ, Ǳ˶ڵϵһ顣
ԭɫղŵһ֮ؿˣ
ˣ
ɫһ, һ, ˱û˵ˡ
ЩԽԽˣҲҿɫʱֹ, ɻ治֪Լʲô顣
Ҳ֪ղԼʧ, ʱһһĶȡ
ô, ɫѲҲʲôõĽ飿
ɽɫɢȴڡáһ
²ңľϣ
ɴûЩڴˣֻߵһ˵ʦǰ棬΢΢ԺҪˣҪϣ
Ͼҷǳģ𣿡
ֱӣŴſ߳ȥͽڵ
Ӧô죿
ɫ˼ǲ㽫ħųˣ
Ϊɫֻǿһۣ˵ʵѵϣħˣ
һʱƿԣʵҲϣħħԣһʲôľЩ¿ҲֽħУĪҲӵľ档
˭ϲ˾Ȼб¶һôЩ£ȻԸӵڵ
οڵ֪ʲô£Ȼó־ͿֱնɱЩˡ
浱һʼǷ𣿿϶ǣֻǱ˶ѡ
ǡͱħˣ
ʲôѣ˵ֻ˳Ӧʱ
ԶԣʶʱΪܡ
ҲŸ͵
뿪Ժֱ޹档
ɫĻЩɫװΣЩѹֵķΧ
ɲرϲһΧһĲǰħϲģҲûǷµĸ죬ȽǸӵϲһ׷ӡ
ңᣵס
ڴͣһ˲ƺҪȥָոմᣵһ˲˻
ָ£Ҫת뿪κδȴ졣
ɣ
˵һЩɳƵԸС
ʦ𡣡
תӦֽľޱչǰ
ѩ׵ķ˿ٲ˵󣬰볨¶Ƭɰ׵ļǵ쳣ЩݣһƷ˿ɵڶͷѻĽë΢
ɫȻЩ԰ףȴһֲС
ʦ𡣡
ڴϣס˫֣ɫźĶ΢΢졣
ǲҪϣҲı䲻һʵ
һʼЩ֪׸Ժ磬Ͼֱ˱嵶ζʵܣƼһ̬ȣĪЩ
ʦ֪һ˯ʱ䡣
תֵһˮݸ硣ˮȵģɵɫºͣǻͨһʦͽ
Ҫ
һ´촽Ѿѣʱ˵գ֮䣬ǶΪȫӡĺ˵ְǶꡣ
ʱо˻΢һ¾ͻ˷Ѻܶ
Щ£һһشʹ
յĿʸгĴԡ
ѹʱҪԼˮţж˿ŵ͸Լ֮Կüɡ
ֹɲ֪Ժ磬Ҳ֪ɡ
Ϊ㻹оܾȨ
סһɫӣڵĺɵĶֻ֣ǱһӰЩᵹֳֻŴ齡
Ϸ¶֣޳ָץס̣ȴɫϿ˷ۺɫĺۼ
ɿ֣תס°ʹ̧ͷ
һһġҲñʲô
Ҫ
סɵ΢΢ɳ
Լѡġ
ɺһͷԼһˮֽ豭˵ϡ
豭δˮһЩҶ
ֿסĲѹԼ
ӵɴƺû뵽龹Ȼᳯһչձסʪ
ˮ˽
ȿȣ
һƿɣˮ黬ǡ
İԼѡİ
վһ߿źݺݵĲԼĴǣЩ䣬װȻӳ
ʦԼݣ
飬ҲĵڶΣ
ɵָĲȴûзֵֺѪ졣
ɸҪתȴȻס
ЩȵĿˣ֪Ϊ羹ȻЩ
ڴϣΪղŵ°ڱȥͽȫ¶˳ɫ֣ϸ£װƷ
ħרŵĿʯƶɣûԿ޷ѵġ
ɵĿ棬ûע⵽֪ʱ˾ȻѾȻһתԭѹƵɾȻѹ˴ϡ
ֱպúɶ

ѩ׷Ŵܹоڴϵ˺Ʋ䷨ֻǿҧ
˻
ɱѹͷֲסزһ¡

ʪȵ곯ķƹȥ
Ȼϵֹͣ˶ɳûƿԼ
ҵû뵽ԭʦȻǡ
ɵɫЩ΢죬ת磬ʵǲ־ٶĿںδ
ĿϻƶϣȴɷƵ쳣
۽ǵ΢Ϊ֤ݣƸղһĲһ
ʦĪңֻǻĲ㣿
ԭЩͻŵʱɢһգԼ֮仹Щɬ
лʦѣ´һúõ׼
ɴߵ߬ת뿪˷䡣
ϣ
վſڵŮĳ
ȥŪԵ͸ˣ
վð˵ôһ仰
ǡ
ˣˣ
̧ųһ߹ȥ
ڴϵĺƼԺȻסؿ³һѪ
ѵҲ𣿡
ôٵҪͷˣ
һĿڴ֮󰵵һ˲
죡
߳ŭ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
ˢdyʱ򿴼һ
С˵ʽ
Ƽһ飬ŮãŮ
׵㣺Щƫ˫߶ϸܾˡ
¥Ρ


92 ·ϵʦ15
类ɵĹ, ɵûڳʳ磬ֻ˺Ϊ
ϣ
ɫòںɽҵɣȴɵĿЩſա
ǿԽ뿴ĵط, ɽ, ûлͷֻʵʲô𣿡
ϣӡǱ߳ˣ
һ㣿
ɷϵһ٣ԼֵմȾĲм
ڡڶ㡣
ɫ̧, ɵĶȴɵĿ⿴ɫæͷ
ǵˡ
Ǽڷһ֮æԼ²ˣԿ϶ûзħǰӡ
ڶ㣿
Щظһ䣺һʲôʱƳģ
Ӧաǵӵħ˵, ûгµһӡԶ
ȥ
˼һ˲, ˵

*
ļλħ彫챻ɫټ, Ǽ˽֮ǰ
ɫ, ټǰ, ˵ʲô飿
׳̲סһ, һΪ⽫Щټһ, λûʲô顣
˼˵, ¹ѻ⼸һֱĵ, ǺѻյԼϡ
ӦΪӡɡ
Աߵ˲һ죬ԼȾָͨ, شһ
ӡ
ƮƮƳһԱߵ׳װҲҪװһ, ֪顣
˿ɫӺ߹, ˿, ޹ǵسɫ˹ȥ, ָỮɫ, һ˿ս
ɫ㣬˵ЩĲİ
ɫü΢΢һؽ˵ÿٸ.ҩҾͰָж
ˣɫҪΪ飬֮ǰѾˡ˳ɾɽǱ߳ڹ£
ˣȽȥɡ
ɫ˽ȥ
½½ĵǴȴһ˶ûС
ãɲ١
ϣĸûйϵ
׳ʵ̲סǻַΧ֮Ѱ
ʲôҺʱ˵йˣ
ɢ̧
ǿϵã
ͳһ˵ϡ
ײ淢졣
ⲻһ壿ͼ档
ʵһĹǼɵģħҲûʲôİá
ϸƣ
ûзȷʵһ壬ֻŵȴͼ档
ɫȥֳעһ˿ħȻħ֮Ӧ
ô£ܹ׷ݳ˭𣿡
ɫæ֣ħй¶
öڷӡΧ񵽵ġ
˵˽ڶӡ򿪵𣿡
˿ɢħ̲ס²
Ѱħҵ˲ˣЩ˵¡
ҽҪ̸顣
棬ָ΢·дһ׼ȷ뵽ɵС
ָĺָ״һת
ҼûǴĻڼġ
ڣ
ҲЩ𾪣ͿħԣɲǼ򵥵ħ塣
⼸˵ˮƽɫ޷ħ׷ٳһˣ˵˵ʵ⼸֮ϡǲ֪Ƚ˭ʤһˣ
ԣӦעģɽħǶСɽһħĿ껹ǵڶӡ
ǣΪôߵħ壬ЩӦö֪
ֲֻħŻʹħħĶȥˡ¾еһ
ǵȥӡǱʱߣҲһ塣
ˣɢ˰ɣȥ֮󿴺ǵ¡ְס˶ǣЩħĽܹҲΡ
߳ֱԼĹ߹ȥ
ڵԺֽԼеֱӵ˺ߡ
ʲô
紹ߵ壬ִһ˲ûз쳣
մħ
ɿź綯ΪӡȻҲ޷ܵһö쳣֮
˵֮ɿ֡
Ҫʲô
翴ɣ⼸ɶûôҲ֪浽ʲô
öڷӡġ
ʦ²֪ɣڶӡɶˡ
òƲؽ߿Ļƾͣμһö
ѵҪ𣿡
ҧгݵسһ˸ͳʳ˾ǵɵˣҲǵڲμӵһӡˡ
ʦһοɾʹˣΪʲôҪħųأϾҿ˵һħĴ
߽Щ
ָĲë
类ĵطһ
ħΪǲʦ
Σһ
΢΢ܿɵĽӴ££
ʦҶף쵽ô£
ɱٴνóһöڼ
ԭҪ˵һ仰ʱǿɡ
ɣҲ⡣Ҽǵһʼסһˣ˵ҹ棬ǸšҪҵͽܡ
ɷֽ
Ȼأ
вһ˿ţǶĹϵ˵ЦĵײɲɹغԼʦʱ򻹻Ī˷ܡ
ȻҵȻûᰡ
̯֡Ȼûˡ
ȷʵ̫Ӳ²ӦûѡһǷ¡
Ӧ֮еĳʦϵޣ
Ҳ֪ڵΣ㽫ҷߣҿԻȥ׷˵䡣
ʦʲôأ
Цſ㿪һ˲䣬㲻ֽᷴɱ𣿡
ҡ
Ҫ˵ᣬʼһ¶û뵽Ҫ˺ɣȴһһ2ĲԼ
ˣûǰչˣҪҷ㣬ҽˡȥο˳뿪
ˡλʱһ㲻緢սһһεĴŵҡ
ִӹ֮óԿף׼ȷҵ˿أ⿪
Ҳֻǽڴϵһֽ⿪ˣںϣƺɣһװƷ
ʲôҪ˵𣿡
ɿһۺ֮ת뿪
˻ȥεģɲҪܣϾϵʾλá
ȻʾλһƭģΪľǼҪߵġ
Ҫź뿪Ҳڶҷź뿪ȨҲԼС
лҪ˵
q(RQq)


93 ·ϵʦ16
ɵŸԼʩһ뿪ħؾ֮С
ϵͳ, ܹںδ
ڷӡΧתһȦҪѰҵӵļѡҲ֪ǵǻʲôҪƻһӡ
ѪΪýͽֻӡ޸һЩ
ⲻ, Կ϶ڴڰȫ״̬
֮ǰ˵ˡ
Ҳһ, ϾϷôܻ׵Ĺҵ
ǲ֪һӡԼҪ⿪ĻǱ˺Ƶġ
ҪǵһǿɾЩ鷳ˣϾЩǻײųħͷٽħͷӡľ
Ǻˣ
ɸҪ뿪ȴͻȻһߣŹһɵĵӡ
ң
ת, û˿ڡȽħ˶ϲɫߺɫɸϲɫ·ΪѪԺ쳣Ư
ĸɵġ
˾Ŀ, ڿòʱиһ˲
˵ħ˳쳣ĳª, ˵ĴǸǼɵˡ
, ɡ
ԭڵĵ, Ҳ鿴ӡ𣿡
˹, Ƶɵļ
㲻ʶң
ԭΪ˻󺰴, û뵽ԭħʵûж
, ̫Ϥ
Щεƿ۾, ǰĪʲô֮ܳġ
ʶˣӡѾ鿴, һӡ飬ڶЩȶ, ˶ֽˡ
ӡˣ
˼ææǰ鿴, óһ, ķӡȷȷʵʵֻһλӦ
ת뿪, ӡƵһܴܿ, Ҫӡƻɡ
*
ֻһ, û뿪ؾķΧ֮ںȻϵͳľ档
ڼⷶΧ֮ˣ
˵ʲô
ɼæȥȴԭĵطһˣ˵ӰݣǱ˾ǡ
һɫߣһ
Ѹ׽֮еˮ
ΧˮѸٵĲӦŴֱɳ!񻹸һЩˮ
ħͷ㣬ɱСͽ
ȻۣһǳɫĹ⳯ɹȥһǹֱͷŵħײɷּȴǱú˼
ħͷӦԹԵħĽ棬Ϊֳҡ
Сͽԩ޳Ϊζɱ
ɨһ۶ˣƼһ֮ס磿
ң֤ݣ
һ
Ҷۿˣ
ʦ棬ҪΪŻ
˷ֽ佣ջؿҪɴһ
Ǻͽ֮ǰؾʱżȻһΣʱɵΪҲԪӤڣ׻һëͷСӡ
ҲǲԼͽʲôű˱֡
ħ˾Щаɶǲġ
Ҫ֤ݡ
ر΢΢ƶΧˮ˲䷢ӦĲƼ׽ˣ̲ס˷ܡ
Ҿ֤ݡ
ӱվ˳ӵѵȴû뵽ʧˣħͷȻҪһͬնɱҿʦ֮ǰķ
㻹ʲôҪ粵ģ
Ժŭһ㡣
΢΢üû뵽ǾȻһҡ
ӣַӦħˡȻħôųħоˣֻǿϧԼɱ
Щϧ̾һôǻɱҲɣ
ħͷϷе
ߣҲүԸԸ⡣
Цһʲô죬ʲô˫Χˮ˲ɱһѱƾճɵ֮С

ļЩħֱˡ
ɾ֮ǰħ壬ڿͬʱħ
ΪħעΪɲŷԼȻħ˫ޡ
ϵͳԭ屾ơԭΪħӣҲǱͷϵһԭ
ħÿǧ꽵һλħӣ˵ħӿԴħԻ͡
ħӳ콵ҲǾ֮ɡ
Ϊ갡
ļ֮ơ˳彣ֵΧӦƶҪɰΧ
ȴû뵽ͬʱ֧
Ϊж
ɿɢʮָ棬һ¡
þûлˣû뵽֮ǰ
ܵħӰ죬ԴӻصħԺɱоԼ˲١ǰƻȽʵڽȥٶ֡
˫ȷȥ;һѽֱȥ
ӭΪĽǾ´Եʣɵıһ¡
Ȱ־ܡ
˿ɵĽȰ棬еĶȴûи˵ʱ䡣
ɲһеĽ˲𣬲ȴ˹һɢˡ
΢Ӱһʧǰ
Ӧ÷㣡
˾㵵תȴһߡ
ʱѪӿ
̾һ˲ŵסԼĲ
˫ȷ£Ŀ
Χŵöʱɫף磬֮ǰؾ֮мɣΪɻȻôѲΪħ
һǣ
ӡ϶ڶֻ˶ѡͷҪƭɱԼû뵽Լɱ֮ǰ֪Ϊʲôͷôִڷӡ
кñǱӡħ
Ϊʲôӵ
*
߹ȥɫЬӲѪ֮ϣָ㵽Ѫ
ɫѪҺ˲ɱ
ͺ˵ˣ־ܡ
ѪҺħǹﰡ
һƼɵĶŵƨ
Ȼ㶼˵ˣôһζΣ
ɵӰ˲˵ǰӿڳ֪𣿡
ʲôҲûжȴʱӲסӡֱͦͦĵȥ
һˣȴײʱˤˡ
ŵˣʱ!
Ƽʣˣѹסе
ʱԼӡ
ԭɫͫΧֳһ㰵ɫǴŰɫմȾѪӵġ

תҪ뿪ȴ·֮һ仰
磬Ҫл㽫
ɵûѹͣǹ˵һá
ں˵ʲô
紹ߵ߬ûеõޱȾ޴ѲɾҪɵ
ħͷ䣡
Ȳ㣬޻ˡ㶨زȥڣһֺ磿
ŭӣԴˡ
ʼ磺Ժټ
ת뿪
ɽȴΪһεսʼҡ
*
ɻȥûа죬ɫ㱨
ˣ˵Żȥ
ְһ¶ǣˣһһ˹Ҫݺ«޾үү
һ˭
˵ɫһ»شǵûж֡
лҪ˵
q(RQq)


94 ·ϵʦ17
ɫó, ɷŲº磬ֻǲ֪˾Ȼһģħб𣿲ôаݼһʡ
ܶҲǶ, ǵϸ, Ȼһ˫ûˡ
ˣҲؽ棬͡
ԭ׼ɫԼŰ, Ȼ˺üˣɶӡ㲻
ô
ϵķԸǵû, 
ʲô
ɿɫ, ʲô֮
ܲܲȥ, һֱ, гкȻɫĵĴ
, 浱Բȣ̾һ, Ա߰ɡ
Ҹ, ǷŻȥС
ɻ˻, Ҳûʲôô
*
ɽѵþۼһλû, һȴͱˡ
潣𣬷, ֻų, , ʵġ
ǰ, ħͷȻųħ, ⲻǳħս𣿡
ɱɵĳ, ˳𲻱Ǿм
ǣǣǲɽ
潣˻֣ɻͽܹˣɻɵĺ°أ˵ʲôԹ
ˣǷӡ֮ȴû֤ݣɱмʵɶΣ
ˣַħͷ
һ
ˣ
潣һһȺ˴ﲻҪڳɻɵУһǳɲյֽɱڿɾʧš
˭˭ɷ!
潣𣬴˶˿ɵͽĴ£潣Ӧǣ
ˣ
潣ѡԺ˵ĻҲ˵ˣĴ£ӦĸλԸⶦ
⡭
˽չЩûˣħͷܹɱһϣ˵ʵףǽȥⲻ൱
˶ʰߡ
潣ϳţֻҪǾȫͷۡ
⣬潣ȻǶħչ黹ɵĵӡ
ԲӣǶħ֮ʱѴ룬οУղλ˵ȫĴ°Ӧȫ£
*
ӡһʱҲʱʱҲȥһۣȴûֹƻħɢĸˡ
ħɽ綼ֻ֪Ҫгʱ䣬ħ飬ֽĪˣЩȫɵͷϡ
ħĹϵͬˮֽӵΣֻһңħ֮սڱС
λħȴ⣬ź˵Ĺǿ
类Χ߶ҵʱڰʱ֡
ħȻ谵ɽϵȴĹҲǰŷֺǵ
˵ĽŲ֪˭Цһ˵ÿһĵףȴô֡
Ҫ뿪ȴԱߣ˫ֳŵأͷա
ħҪͻƷӡ!
ħ𣿡
ħ⼸һֱħ˳ƺΪϵú˵ڶӡ滹һħ
ԭҪ뿪Ķͣסɵߡ
Ƶ˵ϣΧžһƬǺܾûôƽˣһʱ羹Ȼϣʱõͣڴ˿̡
֮ǰǷƻӡ𣿡
ǵ֮ǰԼ˵£ʱһ壬ֻħ
ôûд𣿡
ˣƻӡֲҪĳɱ
̾һû˵ԼݵĽ
˵ҪħͻƷӡô죿
ɲԼȥתʵ
ô죿һʼˣ졣
粻֪һĿںδżȻ֮µʱпܱ죬пܱȥȡıħˡ
ôһʦͽǿҪǻһħ壬ֻмһ·ˡ
뿪𣿡
´ź磬Ȼס
һע⾹Ȼӵ뻳С
ȵϢɵϣһֻ̧򢣺ҿԷ뿪Իȥ߸ϵ𡣡
糤ྫ£ÿһĵ̣ɫķ˿ڻƻ·һ⣬ǲȾ볾䡣
翴Ÿ߸ϣȴ֮ʱû˵Ǳĵ׵һ˼
ֻԼԿüĵط
ԣںԵʱϢظԻ
ʵϴʲô˼ֻ֪
ɵָںĦ΢΢ʦ֪ħͻƷӡҲᱻ졣
ã˼˴ֹһ˸߸ϵʱֻܰһ£ǵʵʵеرӵ뻳֮ʱ˼ʵԿסġ
ƣħ壬˭˵ħ˲ӵ뻳
ԽԽʦˣǸ߸ϣȾ
΢΢̧°ͣ׽
練Եر۾Ľë΢
ʦ𡭡Ҳˡ
ɵĴָںǣ˼һʽջˮħҲеͨġ
ֻҪʦ⣬Ҿͷ뿪Σ
һܸоһֻԼҷ֮ǰҲȥҲûйֵĶɸղ˵һòú롣
ʲô˼
ħ˱Ϊаԭ֮һԣ⼸ڹҲƼ۵Яֶȥο˵Ż绰
ûжħٴδħ֮ձ潣ѰһЩ鼮ҲʲôҲ֪
ɵĿȴһֶΡȡԼɵֶΡ
ģû֪㻹һװ׵𡣡
ʪȵⴥĻ䵽
̲סղҧ͵شӺзһʹ
ƣҲǲԸġ
㡭ǡ
ʦ棿·ϣ
˵ʲôʲôˡ
ֹͣ˶Żеɫͨ죬Ĳһӡ
һӽһת˱ڵ֮С
ڵźʹӶħϣһӾͰ
Լһˣ㣬㲻úֵ𣿡
⣬ŵĴݵ׹ڵϣһ˲ɢ
ֻҪһΣҾͷ뿪
֪֮ɵҪѾ˴ſζ
ɫĴᣱ˳

~ڶ׶ɡ
*
ϣ
ɫ֣ȴɺ
ϣ
ɫһλһ
ɫʲô𣿡
ɻƺЩƣ͡
ϣħĴٺˣӡǱߡ
ԭȵļƻӡǱ߽ᴦɡ
ɻ֣Ŀ⿴Զʵǲ뱻˴š
ϣһ仰ܲð
ɫתû뿪ֱϥء
ʵڷĲ֮ǰ㲻Ӧ뿪
ɫ˵ʲôס豭һԭڲ൹ĲˮԼֱϡɼæ²豭һλεĽ֮С
ˣ°ɡ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)


95 ·ϵʦ18
ħӡʼɶ, ǱԤҪࡣ
ɽħСĦҲս࣬䲻ʲôģսҲ
Ψһο, ûг̫֡Ҳ֪Ϊԭʲôԭ
ԭȵļƻ, ɫѾЯħĽ찵ɽ
⼸콫ȰﴦһдЩСС ԼԺʼ
ʱҲյľս
ؾڴأŷӡ֮߹ȥ
̽ԵĸһµڶķӡԽԽˡûжתһȦ
Եʱ򸽽һɽ, ѭģļ仹ҵһɽɽ
Ϊ󲿷ֵħڵһηӡ֮ˣһΧħûеһôŨ
λһɽ֮лܹ΢ܵһ
ɾصȴʱĥ, ˳ϵͳĲ
ɫһ˸ò˵ħĽ, 񡣳ЩʶʱĴֿ, ûôôˡ
ǹƵħ˿, һ¿, ɫ˸תħ塣
Ȼħʵ, ǶԱ˵ǻһ, ˵ҪЩɡ
ҵ֮е˽תԸ֮١
Ҳҿħ֮ЩרȻ, вٵԵֿ
Ҳǽ϶̵ʱֲһȱ
ʱһζħսһ
бƵСӳȥ˶ͨ籨š
, 쵽˼ⷶΧ֮ڡ
ϵͳź̨ѵ
Ҳҿһε֮еһǣҪȻϵͳ֪ζλ졣
ûλǾ͵ʱʱ̶̿, ɾͲֻ鷳һ
֪, ӡʱѡ
̾һϣԶһʱ䡣
ȻܹоöΪϼ, һλɲ֪Ҫ߳١
Ȼ˫Ժ, ԼΪ, ڿҲ޷ֱƴΪһЩķ
һ, й۲Ϊ
Ȼԭڵϵóһʲôֱӷ˷ӡ棬˳ԼͷѪ
ħͷѪƳķӡĹؼԿףʧȥͷѪΪɻήһЩһ˲׵ؽͷѪ
ˡ
ָһԼĶͷ
һˣôĸȴԼϸ޵ƫ
ɷϵǣȥ̵ͽһ棬һʦ
¹ӭħ𣡡
ͷѪ뵽֮УЩĺɫâ
ԭڶķӡȵһӡҪ࣬ǼεƻѾ˷ӡٵ
ӡм俪ʼɢڲסħĴӡ
ܹܵΧħˮڲ
Χħŷӡɹȥһɿӡµ״̬ħѽ۳һ쫷硣
ɸԼһ֣űΧħһߡ
£ӭħ𣡡
ħǧ
վһߣɫЩȣǷͽԼ
ɲ˵ħ𣬶ħŶԡ
ųᡣ
ΧħƽǱ˵Ӱ𽥵
ҳɢߵǰ
쵥ϥأһֳֻڵϣһַֻԼŴ
˵ĺɫѥ߷Χ֮ڣͷ
ϣ
ӡʱģ˭ܹųᣬ׷ңһԸ
˴硣
Ը׷᣿
ǳñӡԭ˵Щ̶ľ汻ɵѻȺһ
Ը⡣
켤Ļش
ãӽĻ
ֵݵǰҪ
ȻҲôģַ˵ϣ
ȴվһ˲ɫ
ħ𣡡
˲Ҫջȴħһְֻļϣǣס첻ö
סġ
վһߣܹܵǱߵ켤ҵ
ڵħѸٵɢǶĳǰķҲħλôܹȥ
Ǵ󷨣
ɸ̾һ֮ǰôԱˣû뵽ԼȻҲôһɡ
ԸǶԸһһʵ֡
ħΪ֣࣬ԭһ˱ֻʣưͷ
沿óɣƤڹͷ棬ֱƼͷӵ״
ƼɣĿ֮ǿ
ҲЩֱӣڷеģɻֽ
ڵϣѵڵС
ħһûᡣ
ѣΪζززأ
ħ̧ɣȻɲķ߹ȥ
ɻֳΧϣһתħ
£Ҵ۽簡
ɵԴô׵شԼ£Ҳûпǹ˼ǧĽųԹ°
ǺˣȻڴ˴²ҲΪ
ħûΪһƼɵʱЩ˷ܡ
ǰһϵħȸղŵһҪŨĶֻ࣬ҪһΪյôӡЩʧΪԾĲ롣
µûȷʵΪ
ɵ΢ţһѱ˲ɱ
һܲ´ˣΪġ
Σսģᡣ
ħŶ˵Ķ΢΢üͷһʼħƻΪħˣʹõķȴɽһס
ƽ޵ıЩɽòȻļһ
Уƾʲôħ˱ҪаħҪ˵Щɽţϵħˡ
ħϵħӿɺɫ
ħǰȻһźסɵߣ
乭ǰĺ˲һɵĲ湥ȥ
ֺ󷭣ɵմɵһ˿ۡ
ܹоղӴһ˲ԼϵħƱȥһЩ
û뵽ȻħĹܡ
һûٴγɹȥ
һԾֱӲ棬ٵĵķܡͬʱ˳ȥ
µ˲ʧѸأһ˲
ΧӦٻѸٵĵذֳħλá
ǰһѸתñ˲ǰλá
ڱƺҪȥ
ȴ̷֣ٺˣǱм䡣ΧĺɢħƺڳЦɡ
ȴŲæĿʼǱŵıڿ֮ʧӰ١
ɵٴγ˱Ӱ
ħһʱ侹ȻûзӦʲôȻʧ
ⲻѧΨĴܿƾձЩҲֻǴڴ˵֮С
Ͼ˳ǷһνĴܡ
ʲôˣ
ħѸٵĿȴɵĹѾ˹ȥ
ֱֵһεĹ
ȴһθ˱
ײ飬ıƬħס
ЩΪƬҲһЩۼ
Щֶ𣿡
ħһһֲѪЦ
лҪ˵
q(RQq)


96 ·ϵħ19
˭˵ġ
еĹɢ, Ŵʱħע⣬΢ءħĽµĴֱܳ⡣
Ǳڴħһ˲ӡ
ɿħҪָڿ΢һ, Ȼ뿪
ղŵһֻΪֳΰˡ
뿪ؾ
, ⻹ӣȴҲֱܶǱ׵׵Ľ˷档
첻֪ӵһӦҲʲô˻ˡ
ڷ⵽ʲôʱ, ֻܵȵһؾ˲֪ˡ
ɽԺֱӽħ֮УصĽɫλá
ֱɫ͡
ɫħ彫ħѾƽڡ
ΧļСѾ˵òˣʣµĶǸ, һʱ̲֮µġ
Щ֮ǰܵԺ󶼻, ǻ۵λڡ
ȻǱҲеפ, ȴȫϡ
*
, 潣档
һ, ɫЩ쳣
Ӧô죿Ѳɾǹȥ
һϼ, ڴ߶ըıQ
, ⲻ취𣿡
潣һԼĶ, ѵ֪ħľӿҪⲻҲӦĶԲߣżֲֹһˣôʲô
, ˵Ƚħͷ
ģں, ʣһ˻ǿܹҲħͷһսҪҲ, ɾͳΪħˣ
ǰ, ǵĵ˵, ħľӾܹڵɽˡ
Ķż, Ѿʱ, Щŵ˻һԭǿĽ顣
˵ȥļӶĻˣҲûܵʲôŰ
кȻħͷ°ȥһⲻҲúõĻˣϵϢΪһ
Խĸˡ
Ҳǣ˭·Ϲ¶ù
ֻҪԸսǻħͷнصġ
˵ĿһһĶںϡ
ʦ壬ô
潣ȻΪţһλɲܹܵ˵á
ֻҪɲսȻҲս
ɨһһȺˣת뿪
µ⵭Įһ仰ȴɵĳޱȵĻ
ðھ֪ħͷһʼֽҪĹͷˡ
˵ʲô˵潣Ͳˣô˾ͰǸħͷɿޣǻ˵
ЩȻҲôģȴûô˵ȥһͷ̾ͽеĻй˳
泳³һţƽ
*
ʦ棡
Ƽˣû˵ֻͣ
ʦ棬ҸոƼСˣԭҪ˵Сʦ嵫ǶϺĿ֮ĽܵߵĻи˻ȥ
һܸоʦ֮Щˣһ˷Ҳ֪Щʲô
˵˭
Ҫ뿪ĻȻԺ֮ը֣⼸ûǰһֻ֣ħͷħͷĳƺš
һʱԼЩ㱡
ƼˣڸղѲߵʱ򡣡
ӰĵһǸϹߺˣ֪Ϊʲôħ뿪ܸоʦСʦ֮ķΧֵֹġ
˵ǳаֲ֮ķΧ岻ȥ˵ǹϵðɣʦֺת뿪
ʵ׽͸
֪ˣȻȥɡ
һ㶣˰ǵʱ뿪ʱ˵ȥҪͻƷӡħ
Ҳ֪ûС
ħʵףʲôöԸġҵûгʲô⡣
ȥһƣԶԶһƾͺãɽŵķ˼ȴֻ
Ѿͽûʲôϵˣֺαȥȡ衣
*
ϣѾսԡ
ɫµ˽Ҫһ·ӡǱߵǻǰס˼ȱԼߵ顣
Ĳ
ɵͷʱ˳ΧһȦ
ҪעΧţʡı˰Χס
һ䡣
ǣ»ӴΧѲߡ
ɫ˵֮һ¶ϷӡǱߡ
ɰֶסû뵽ɫȻôǱߵ飺ˡǷġ
ˣ
ɫҲɵôһ֮ǰħһβս׼ˣû뵽Ȼ˵Ѹ١
ô㿴ر˰
вʵ
£ֻ̫ڼˡ
Ϲǧ
ɫ˵һ仰һ
ϣͳλá
ɫһ⣬ϼȻûʲô⣬ǲǿԴħ̤ƽ磿
ˣȥú׼ǣһΰԭȵļƻʲô⣬ɲս
ɻ֣ǰ˵õģֻҪ˭ΥһԼ˵ܹԷ档

ɫһ˿ʧϻˣֻǿŲ˿ѡ
ɫȥ֮ͽһϢˣĽҲףħԭǿϣΪһɽǰħһѹϵĴɽһζĬûȥûսɡ
ȵԺлỹҪսɵģϾλʵ۲
*
һħսһҹ֮ϯˣħ˻ս
ںѹ
ֻܼ֮ǵúһɽˣϲħһʱڵ˱㹥
ɽнƣʱ޷һƣڵľħ˵ʵЩɹǽƵҲŲ˶೤ʱˡ
ɴӺ󷽳ħӪ֮Ĵй䡣
ȷǰսĴڳ߸ϹɫһЩ˱֤ɵİȫѾƴǡ
ϣ
ɵȻתȥԼ顣
ϣ
Щϵһɾֱ˹ȥ
ϤѲһλ͵ˣ
תȥȴλѾûˡ
ܣۼƳһĨӰ
ץסˣ
Ժ֮һӰֻҪǽ۶
ΧƼɵӰæȥ
ȴ˳ŽսĵؽӴ˹ȥ
ӰһҲǱɾˡ뵽ԼħѲ쵱ʱû뿪ԶȵԼȥԺֽħˣ
Ȼܹɵӡ
µ֮ҲЩ֣ЩýǼǰ档
ɼٸ˹ȥȴֱӽȻһһӵǰ
ȴǽ˷ú˲׷ȥ˳Щ˿ôӪ
һתۣӰѾʧǰǽսˡ
ɵʱ˵ڽսĴѰȻƳӰ
һģ˽ȥ
ûߵսҪûֻǽЩ˻ˡ
첽Ⱥ֮дɺɫζڿ֮У⣬ӦӲϾ
ɷ첻ƶѾڵɽڴ
ɼæ׷˹ȥ
ϣ
û뵽ɫΧɫһϲȴɵùң
ɱƽó֮С
ȴֻܱɽ⣬ĵں뿪һ㽻˺硣
ɽǰķӡѾҪһҧֱӺȥ
ӡһ˲ɢɫħ˳˹ȥ
ǱߵĵƼƲãæɱȥš
ˣħͷɴŴˣ
죬ڵӭսȥ֪ͨʦ壬˵ɴˣ
潣λһӻϡ
ʱħĴҲ
*
лҪ˵
q(RQq)
Ҫˡ
شһ磬Ҫ
Լûз⡣


97 ·ϵʦ20
Ƚɽ֮ڡɺôһεʱ, ڵڲ΢ЩϤġ
תתæ׷죬ȴһʼһƤͷģѪֻࡣ
㲻Ӧó
ü, ̫ʲôʱǱħġ
ô֮, ҾͲԳ𣿡˲ٵעɵĵƼ˼æΧȥ
Щ˵У춼һˡɵΪӵĿɶ
ϾֻɱһЩˣɷսȴֱԼš
ǵǴ󲿷ֵ, 춥һ˲ݵʿɲһӦ˺Ĵħͷ
쿴ڵһΣسķСƶ
ԭΪԼעǲѡɿ׾ٵնɱħ, Լ϶Ǵ򲻹ġ
ҪǶɱЩӱӦŵĳ鷳, Ͳһ˻ܶԸôˡ
ΧĵӿҪʱ, 켱æȶִһͻƿ˳ȥĵӼæͻƿڸȥ,
Լûж, ʱͺԼõ, Ѿ̤˽ս
ѾɫɽµĽ, ˽ĻҪһжûз, ΪԼĽֱôѿ
Ǵ򲻹ҵģҪװ׽
ɺȰ, ĿɨӣȴԶȻгϵӰڸϹ
˻ֹһ, ɲЩ˿ԷŹôõĻ, 벻ĻƱػҪһ
ɷħ߿ļӶ˳ȥ, תҪ뿪, õȵԼԺٴˡ
ɸû, ǰͻȻһѳ, ǳļŵĽ뱻紵
ʺɫĽ뿴Щۡ
ͣ˽Ųǧ£Ǹ˻ˡ
ߣһϮɫ̽ɫ˿צ
ЩĿһָ绻ϵȴֲ̫һ
ӡ֮еɹ٣
Ҳ֪Ϊʲô
𣿡
ɺһĽէȻ֮ӵ͵س뵽˵С
ϸָŽ֪˫ָһЩӣ˫ִʱἤĽӲ
ħ𡣡
΢.ƺЩ.ζҲЩʧζ
㲻Ӧó
ǰһɫĽֱֱָɡ
ҲӦó
˫ֱأĿɨһ۸ںЩ΢Щм
ΪҶŵĵӶ𣿡
㻹ǲң
ԼڲŹİɣԼɱ˵˵ĻʵǼٵģƭ磬ʵҲƭ
û˽ԷĻ棬ʲôú粻ΪģԼ֮Ҫʱú罣ָԼ
һʱɲŷڣԭζĲܣһԼ²ŷġ
ЩĵȴǺ羹Ȼһ˿˿ԥûС
ûС
绺ؽֻ֮仹ǽŵķΧ
ûУǴûŹԼ˼ԼĻǴ˼Ѿûôʱȥˡ
뿪ҿƲס
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紥ɶ֮ʱסһ²סķţҲûŹҡ
ڳΪʦʱǡ
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ӰЩģȴ·𿴼ʤڳԼ֣ȴƼԼǰֵһ˫Ьӡ
ɫЬҲ׺װΡ
촩Ϊӭʤ𣿡
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վڶ棬Ѿ佣˼һ˲˵⻰
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98 ⲻܸݣ1
ѹʱ, ͷ·˺һۣϻĻˣٶ, ֨ѽľ
ԵϢ顣
һʱԴ
Ǽõ, ķ㻺ƽʹࡣ
ɵĽë΢۾
ϸлǻ֮УЩǷ
ΧõЩܰɫһЩɫ
ﲻķ䡣
ϵͳ
, ĴָԼ̫Ѩࡣ
ڵġ
ϵͳûһص촩֣ȻҲûн󶨡
ô
ɴЬ, 򿪷š
һ粻
ȼ, оϲŶ
Űɡ
ɼһ, ȻҲϵͳһ顣
ٺٺ, Ǿϲ, ú÷ɵġ
˳, Ҳء
ϵͳصؽ⼸
˵ʲô
һ, ֮ǰΪˡ֪ΪʲôԳԼ֮, ڿ촩ûмһˡ
Щľ˵ĸǳƷ飬û͡
ǳĵһˣ
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ɻûײһˡ
ɫװüĺ壬ϴһ鿴ͺܹı
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Ƚȥ, Ҳ
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ǼһͥĸǮǸĸյġ̸Ǳߺӡ
õģǡ
ԭ20꣬ǸУѧⱻ̽ϡԭһżŽȦ˵ԺżӴ
Ծͺ̽һ顣
û뵽˲ͬ⣬ԭһ֮¾Ͱ˳⼸ֿȦЩ˳żҲˡ
Ȧ˼Ҳˡ
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΢΢Ŀûоᶾı˵ܵܣ뵽һһһʼĵ˵ԼΪɫı磬Ϊɫĵ羺ѡ֣ǰֻ־ҪΪһǡ
컻ǾͺרҵһߣҲ֪Ϊʲôѧҽ
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ɱק˳, һ·Լֶûбɿ
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ǡ
ҡͷĿضɣԼĻþ
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ؼңȥ
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ȥɹ
Щ, ռȥҽԺоһĻһĻľ籾֮С
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