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22.8.28
ݱǩ ж Ե У԰
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⣺Ͱ


1 
Ƿְɡ
˵仰ʱ˶ԭء
һ磬褾ʹ绰Լ˵ҪҪ˵
Լĵصߵ·Ҳ˼Ҫ˵ʲôȴôҲûϵԷҪ֡
ֵ֡ʱԺһƬհףĪеһãǣΪʲôʲô𣿡
褿⣬ĬƬ̣ҡҡͷûʲô
Ϊʲôأ
Ϊ̧ͷһۣ΢΢⣬ΪҲϲɡҲϲҰɡ
΢΢ƫƫͷдɻ
ڴһѧУӭµʱʶġHʡˣͬһϵƽʱĽӴͶһЩһȥ褾ߵһ
һĽһûֹìܡԭһº͵ˣڸദʱ䣬Ǻչ褵Ҳپܾ褵Ҫ
һֱʱദúܺá
ԣϲİɡ
ϲԼΪʲôദ˽һأ
С褣֮䡭ʲô᣿ʲô뷨˵ġ
ԣҡҡͷ⣬֮䲢ûᡣһһ꣬һֱչңҲܹҡǳ˹ĸչˣҲûдϸܵһ˿顭΢΢һ죬 ֮ǰʱһãҪ̫ˡͻȻ־ã̫࣬˵ദ⡣һҵֱϵѧչңҵĹģƺҸܵ¶ȣҸһʱ򣬺ȸһʱġ㲻Ҫ룬ҲΪֵġҲΪɡ֪ˣѡ
ԣһʱ֪Ӧ˵Щʲô
Ҹ˵ЩԼ⡭ԺҲǸѧ̫ϸҸֻ֣ΪҾãϲң˵褳Ĭ˼룬ȻңƺҲϲˡ
褵ĻΣŻ˵ͷ˵ǣףҸ
ǣĵһôˡ

⣿⣡ˣʲôأ
쳬һƿţһ߳ﺰ
ήҲԼĴϣ쳬ĺشӱ̽һԴ˯ءҡȻջԼԴñͷضڱήҲ
쳬ûĻĴߣȻⴲŵ¥ݣһıӣ˰㣬ⶼˣͱ˦ҲڱװǷˣǰҪϽˡ
ԭ쳬Լı֮󣬾һԹص쳬쳬Ļ˵꣬ʶǰ쳬ŻȻ쳬˵һһ·ڻ·֮ǰ̲ס쳬һ䣬У˯ֻΪ˯ұ˦ûϵǶȥˡ
ˣ֪ˣϽġ
Ӵ·֮󣬾͸쳬һš
ٳߵ·ϣ쳬ôͻȻˣ
ŶҸϳǼϲٳ棬ҲˣϲٵطСеûˡϳ¸ίʶ˵һ档ˣ͸ɴһ
쳬ĻţͻȻﲻ̫Ծһʼ򡭡Ҳ̫˰ɡ˲𣿡
û˹İλˣҲŻġ

һΣԣûȱˣǰɡ
쳬̹Ȼ˵ȱ𣿡
ԣЩΣԼˡ
ѽ㶼ˣȱȱˣȥٳ¡
Ҳ˵ôһ䣬ûб
Ȼһʱ䣬ȷôԸţ쳬˵ģ˳ˣ͵ٳȥһɡ
쳬ٳʱ򣬱Ѿ˺ܾˡ
ϿһۣȻ΢΢쳬Щǻİͦ
ǰ֮ǰǴомĻͦרҵġ
Ե˵ͷûٶ˵Ŀ
쳬һĿűԱ߹һ쳬һ
ôڳߴŰ
˳ķ򿴹ȥͿһŰɫñTվ쳬һߣһЦţһ߸쳬˵
ҲͿôһۣȻջߣϵı
쳬ԱߵҲ˰Ҵϰ볡ϢҪȥһ𣿡
ҽ첻㣬Ͳˡ˵㿴ȺˣҲֲϡ
쳬Цһǵǡ˵ţתͷһۣԣһ¡ѣ⡣쳬һ˵һ߻һܹ⣬⣬ǻ֧飬
쳬˵Լֵʱ򣬾ջߣ쳬쳬ĽܣְĿͶЦЦá
쳬ͻȻʼԼͬѧʱе״⣬ȵ쳬˵꣬кʱŷӦ
һЦ˵áôûô㣿
⻹ûļڣ쳬ȿڵ֮ǰУܣڲУˣᶼóˡһˣŰ
˵ʮֵĲ׼ȷĨԼɣ׼˵ʲôԼһ£ͼ쳬Ƴһѵ𣿡

ȻĲô˵ǣȷʵҲҲɡϾһʱ򣬵ȷУȥԼᣬ褷ֵʱ䣬ϿΣҲȷôᡣ
ίϻȻƽҪô˵Ǿɡ
һֱվԱ߿˵仰̲סЦ
쳬һĿ
ˣڰ֣˼˵ֿ꣬⣬ʶˣԺһԼų氡
ԣֳЦЦû˵
ҲûһҪӦֻһЦȻ쳬ɣˡ
治ȥΪֻ˵˵ء
ЦЦ㿴װȥҾǹһۣиᣬҵȥһ˱
У´лԼ
ǣת뿪ϲٳ
쳬ԱվţһֱߵϲٳĳڣȻߵһгԱߣȻϳӣһתѣ뿪ˡ
ջߣ쳬˭
ողǸ˵֧顣
ôʶ֧顣
ʰһʶӦίԱءǻǸʱʱҲڣ˼ʶˡ˵㣬ڶ˰ɣǰģİʶǰŮѣҲˣԺû¾Ͷദһ£ܹ鲻ʲô¡
еΣ⻰˵ģҺһ罻ûƵġ
ѵ𣿡

ˣˡ
˵Ǿǰɡ
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лҪ˵
ˡ
ΪûȫһֱھҪҪڸǿʱӦҪˣԾ;˷£ᾡոġ


2 
Ȼô˵Եú
ǣһһʼµһܵʱѾ׵Ľ˦ʵеľͶ뵽ѧϰС
Ͼ
ѧϰǾԲ˺ҵġ
쳬һĿһۣûзκ
˵⻰ҲûҪ˭Ӧʲôʰõ쳬˵߰ɣϿȥ
ҪϿȥҪȳ緹
ǡȥʳð
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Ȼ˾һᡣ
쳬극֮󣬾ʳϱߵС·ѧ¥ߡ
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Σ˺Һòõˡ
쳬ЦҪֵ֪ܵģҪġ
⻹˵ʲôֻͻȻһ
쳬ֻֻʱҲһ
һ£óֻһߴֻһߵȺϢɡ
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յģǰ೤Фڰ༶Ⱥ﷢Ϣ
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쳬ϢЦſ⣬ʺ㰥㲻һֱ˵ȥʵȥ¡
תͷ쳬һۣЩԥҡ˵ʦֻҪһѧ𡭡
ʲôвеģȥ¡
תͷĻϵϢаɡ˵ţ˼Ǹ칫ҵźţȻֻ쳬ߡ

ѧһ£һĿ˵Ƚɡ
ⶼûʲôоһ͹ȥˡ
Ϊ˱Σû쳬һ𣬶ѡ˸ȽƫĽš
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ջߣȻͼߡ
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ͼݵļҴķ֮һ¥ô㲻ϴ󣬵ҲС
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Լ˵ģԸһЩǸϴԼ쳬ڲٳǸģǽС
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ȻУѻ˵ȥģĳУ꼶̫ͣҪǡ
ԣڣȺúѧϰȵǴĵʱʵңңðɡ
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ӻ¥ʳòһߵ·ڵʱ⣬ˣ´пһ𰡡ȻҲû˵Ҫһʲô
Цŵ˵ͷá
ǣ˾·ڷֿˡ


3 
⣬ûʲô°ɣ
μ䣬ԭüͷſоһϽڿβõĵ繤⣬ФȻԱߵλϣ΢ͷ
üͷչתͷФᣬʲô
ģôһġ
üģ⿴ءҸʲô
ŶФԼҪ˵ģǣѧԺһС飬ԺҪѧԺѧУĹ֯ʱлԽӡ֮ǰԺѧḺģʱѧỹԼ飬ʵǷֲѧԺŻʽһɡû£ûеĻûȤһ¡Ҽǵ֮ǰûмš
ҵûʲô¡ѧУʲô²ôӴһ𣿡
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Եͷ֪˼
ڵȷͦеġ
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˵ͷФ뿪ˡ
⿴ФŲȥǰԼλȥջߣȻԼոڿ⣬˼·ȫˡ
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У˲֪ѣһ֪ܲ㲻͸ĵǸ˵ϰ𡣷ҵܲգ˵һ綼ûΣһҲҪ
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4 
ϲٳǼ֮󣬺ܿͿǰڿߵϴļˡ
ٳϵ˿ǹҲͣϵĶ
ѽôô˰ǰίӭļˣЦ˵
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ôһݰ㲻𣿡
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˵ˣרҵѧڵĿλͦİɡ
š

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лǺʼ磬û˵ʲô

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֪˶ãͻȻ߹ļ磬Ȼ£˰
㶵Ŀȥڿ֮󣬺Ȼ˿ȻǣҲ˰
ЦЦұϾ֧飬μֻӦõġѧУǸҲǸйصģúʡ
Ե˵ͷҸտʼΪҲʶģ֮ôءҺܰĺܶࡣ
ĻֻЦţûжԴۡ
˾ôһڳϵŸ
ͻȻʲôˣǼӸSŰɡ
ҲǲԡȻϽóֻ㿪֮ǰǸСȺȻ㿪ȺԱǸ㰡
һ£ȻεҡͷЦЦԼֻϵĶάݵǰɨ
⿴Ļ΢ЩΣ԰ˣһȥȺ˼Ҫ̫ˡ
ţ
Χ̫ˣһİˡ
ȵʱ䣬¥ѾԽԽࡣ
м仹м߹кĻ˵Щ˶ϵģЩһϹΣһЩڸڡ
⿴Ľ̲סпĽúð
ʵҲһ㡣Ǻܶ˾ദľˣƽʱҲ˵䡣
̾˿ҾͲ̫С
еûгţǱίʦԿѻҵŴˡ
ſ֮󣬵˾һһ˽ȥ
һ˽ȥ˾һ˿һλϡ
ʦ֮󣬾һֱǰӵԡȲൽ֪ͨʱʱʦ̧ͷ˶˰ɣһŵһŮһ£Բԡ
ͿǰŮվתһȻתȥʦ˵Եġ
áʦ̧ͷŻˣСһμ氡˵ȻȽʱѧԺǺӵġ
ʦ٩٩̸ԼҪˡ
΢תͷһۣȻִóֻ°ŪһᣬȻ̧ͷǰ
ԭǰ淢ŴֻͻȻڿڴһ¡
һ£ȻĬĬͳֻĻͿ˸ոռϵ˺ŷһϢ
۾
תͷһۣȻҲӵ´˼֡
ոշϢ֮־һֱӵ¶ֻûջϢһͿˡ
⣺˵ҸιġûֱӰ۾ϣѾҶʦ
ôֲĿΣȻûֻ
⣺ֻû棬дҵ
㻹ϲдҵ
⣺ϰˡҵд꣬ʲôţ̫Ӱˡ
⣺ʵѾöˣֻҪɣҾͶɡΪΣҲдд
Ϣʦ̨˵ڣԼһ飬ұһ£ҲһҾǵ뷨Ƿ񣬺ðɡ
ʦǹΪǼһ棬ҪΪ顣
ѧԺһѧԺѾϵˣݸֹʦҲṩһʣµľҪĸλˡ
ʦ仰˵꣬ͻһۡ
˾ôĬľСˡ
ѡʲô񰡣⿴һǰĻϣʦг࣬תͷ
Ļ룬͵ĻɡǰӦöҪǰ׼ҪPPTɡм伸Ҫкòϣʦ򡭡ǣҪԼȥӦþֳȽæɡ
룬Ҫ
һۣ˼ЦЦ˵Уȥʦ˵԰ɡ
ݺݵص˵ͷ
ͼվߵʦߣ΢ͷʦ˵˼ʲôȻָһķָָʦĵĻ
ʦָʱ򣬾̧ͷ˹Ȼֿ˿ԣ˵ͷ
̣ⶼֱͦźԼλϣǰ
ʦͷ֮˵ЩʲôȻ˻ȻԼԱ¡
㶨ô˵ġ


5 
תۼ䣬ʱҪһ졣
Ϊⱻһ񣬾Ǹڻ죬СϷʱҪ֯ɺṩڻ֮ǰҪͨ
Ҳˣֿ֮˾ûôϵ
ǵ¼ڻͣһ˵Լдҵϡ
ŵʱҲûԼʱص㣬ûԼһԸ緹
ٳǰ쳬һ䣬ôûԼһ뵽һ硣
ת룬Ҳûô죬ҲûôЩϡ
ʦ֮ǰȺ֪ͨſڼϣȻһ͵ȥ֮󣬾ֱȥˡ
ߵţûŵʱ򣬾Ϳ˴ʳǱ߹չ߻һⲻʶǵϴȥ¥ʱ˺ҲкҲϵġ
ȻˣͲװûվԭأԶˣǹ
ȻҲ⣬ߵ˵˾ʲôǸ˵˵ͷֱˡߵǰЦЦˡ
ҲЦЦİ
ԷԷ𣿡
ôԣûԡ
ԣüⲻаɡҪվһɣѪô죿
ͦõģӦû¡
Ǻܲͬӿڴͳһɿݸ⣬š
һ£ãҡ
ǿģŰɡҪǸоԣͳԼš
⻹پܾ˿ı飬ԥһ£ѾܾĻ˻ȥлл
ţһ죬һſڵķߡ
ͳѾͣˣ߳У֮󣬾ֱ˳
ʱʱʦ˳˶˰ɣҵ
ȷ˵֮ʦʾ˾ˡ
ûã͵ʦϵõС
³֮ʦȥ˵ˡ
˵ʱ䣬վͥԺ۲Χ
ӦСľίᣬԺмඬҶſڻ˸ߵҶܿõĵطʰûɾ
ʲôأ³֮󣬾ͷվڱϷ߹һ䡣
ţҹ۲ǴǻҪСѳҶҿʲôҶܼ񡣡
Ŷ˵ǸǩĻǰɡ
š
˵ͷֱվϣû˵
ˣҶһ𵽻ȥ׼һ£ʱˣҳʹźǹˡ
ǣǾ͸һǰĴ¥
λſԷֳǰ̨֣ǰ̨֪ʶ⣬СʣѧСϷĽѧڵҪǸֳɵά֣ԼΪʵСṩ
Ǹڲֵġ
׼׶Σ̨ǰǵǰȥPPTʱǾæڰӣŷŵߡ
Ķ̧֮ͷΧͬѧﻹж߹ȥҵ١
תͷһۣźŵİɡ
šǴǲǻҪСѵȥҶ
ԡƵʱö༸˿š
ҳҲһӦùġ
Ե˵ͷû˵ˡ
ŵߣȥڵˡ
߻زõòʱ򣬾½мҳźӹˡ
Ȿվмλÿӣˣߵ˴ߣǽվš
ԭżͬѧһſӭżҳСɨһۣȻߵϡ
վʲô
ţ⿴һۣͣÿλá
ЦЦҺڲȷǺϲ˴򽻵
εЦЦе㡣
㵱ôͬμС顣
Ҳеɻҵʱôˡ˵ͣһ£ܵʱһԼֻǲС
ЦҪೢһ²źá
֪ʼʱҿ϶Сѵġ
һۣûзʲô
ûãʼˡ
𴮳ֵͬѧǰ˵ʱǾվǽPPT
һֱչСϷʱǲſʼμߡ
λһ׼СϷÿϷ֮󣬾СǵĶʱ䣬ʱͻỺСѵ߹Сѣ͸Ľ⡣
һֱеһСϷҪСǵԺȥҶ͸ں󣬸һߵԺ
ѾϵҶȻŸտʼ䣬Ѿ˲ٵҶӡ
СǶµĲƺϣѡſȥƯҶӡ
⿴ŵ϶ŵһСֿܲ˿ڵϵҶӣԥһ£Ҳ߹ȥƬҶӼ
ҲҪǩ
վߵ
תͷһۣЦЦ˵ûƬҶӶѡ
Կüû˵ʲô
ǴŸСӵʱǼҶӡʱһȺ־Ը߾Ϳʼ֯ѧصڡ
Сʱ򣬿һСǽص¶ţûҪ˼
߹ȥСԱߣСѣҪȥˡ
С̧ͷü⣬һûҵҪҶӡ
ʲôҶأ
СԣüͷĸˣҲ֪
ЦһҶӣãô˵ţԼҶӵݸС
СӹҶϸ˿Ҳûкܺÿ
ǣǸϲҶӡڰҶӸ㣬ǩòá
Сͷ룬ȻЦ˵ðɡ
ãǸϽȥˣȻˡ
ǣСվܡ
ҲվҪߵʱ򣬾ͼ岽һ¿
ЦЦ߹ȥûȥ
û滹ˣ͵һоСദģ
һɡҺСʱʼ߾һֱȱСѣദϰˡ
ЦӦͦϲСѵİɡ
Ĭһ룬ûֱӻش⣬˵ҪС߶Сѣܾҵĸˡ
תͷһۣЦһ£û˵
ûлػҲû⡣ԺŵķһۣӦûСܳȥɣ
ҸոһֱԺŵķûгȥġ
Ե˵ͷΧԺתһȦȷûлԺСˣȻȥˡҲȥɡ
š
ǣ˾һ߽˻ҡ


6 
ǩĻ֮ͳ׽ˡ
ĹԱԼμӻСһ˸֮󣬾ʰ»ңȻŴͻѧУ
ڴͳϣʦųϵѧ˵λǱȽϳɹİȥ֮󣬴ÿ˶дһͨѶ巢ңðɡʱ֮󣬻Ѹӷͬѧ
ڿλãƫͷŴ⡣
ʲôأ
ԣջߣ档дһˣһûء
㶼ȥ
룬İɡҹֲϲ𣿡
ĻЩȣ㾹Ȼ֣
š
Լȥ𣿻Ǹʲôˣ
ǰŮһ𡣡
΢΢üǰŮѣ
šⲻ̫⣬Ǳ㲻ٿڡ
ΪԼĴҲûٿ졣
ûã;͵ſڡ
³֮⣬Ҫȥ㶫㡭
Ŷһᡣ
ߣ
šǾ´μɡ
ͷ´μ
ǣ˽֮󣬾ͷֿˡ

ڲ֪ٴʱڷս繤ʵʵ鱨档
üģЩΣ㾿ģұĿġ
J＾˶ϾҪʼˡĹУ˻Ὺʼ֮ǰÿѧԺԼȰһС͵˶ᣬĿ࣬ҪΪμУ˻ѧҲһ²μ˶ĸо
ȻԺ쵼Ϊѧ룬ѧʵϣԺ쵼Ҫô롣
ǣÿԺ˻ᱨ׶εÿһ춼ίա
ÿομ䣬ͿųڰһȦһȦ
ȻʵбҲôţΪⲻʶˣҲȷǲǰί
⣬ܸǧס
⵹ǹѣֻǣһβμ˶ᣬѾСѧˣûʲô顣˵ίѧɼôҲ֪ĲС
֪ʵɼԣܺõġҪǻһˣģһǧĶܡ
Կǣôˣô˶ղ
Цһ⣬˵أ

⿴ųһҪ˰

Լһ飬ôһ£Ǹŵˡ
֪ͺá
Ī飬ҪĲᣬǹʲôġ
ǸԺ˻ᣬڲ룬У̫ѹ
ԥһ£˵ǡаɡ΢һͷȻųһ˵ԣ뿪Ҫдҵʵ鱨ˡ
õġҾ͸㱨ǧ˰ʵ鱨дҳһ¡
˰֣͵ͷд繤ʵ鱨ˡ
ûã쳬͹ˣôϳμԺ˻ᰡ
϶ͣš
쳬Ӧˣ
⣬ҺüˣҷҲûʲô¡ڲ
û˵ġ

ȥ˶ɼ̫ˣȥôһ꼶ҲˡҪ꼶ȵģθֱָ꣬ǰ塣
ң
Ϊҵ㡣
ʲô
ȽϺãǧ϶ǧǣ˭˭з
𣿡
ǰԳǹģ㻹ǲҪѱˣд֮ҿɡ

쳬˵ʲôԴһ£ˣֻס
˲ͷҷͶˣ
ƴͷķ͡
ͷҲͷ
ǣΪʵ鱨棬Ȼ̰ҡ
ľ˵ĲԣǲǸָꡣ
ָָ쳬Ȼתͷ⣬⣬Ǹָ꣬Ҳõģʣ¼ĿȫõķУĶ⡭
˵ʲôͷеıʣ̧ͷٿ쳬ʵ鱨дˣ˭Ҫ

쳬һۣʵ鱨棬лȻתԼλߡ
쳬⣬ֿ뿪ķ򣬡ϳ£½ڿԱߡ
һĶ뿪ҡҡͷͿʼ׼½ڿεĶˡ
˵ʵ
ȷСѧ֮󣬾ûвμӹֻˡ
ĲУʵΧ˶ʱ;ԼʹϾ
Ŭǰˣǿžԭ̤
γҲ˵ˣ˾УǾ¡
ôġ
ǣȻҪμӱǿ϶һ׼ֱ
ǣϰ˵࣬ȥٳȦȥˡ
ٳߵ·ϣһߣһ߾Լȥе
߹ȥĲˣûһٳȥġ
ؼǣͷ۽ϵķЬԼһҪȥܲľûС
ô룬ܻҪܵġ
ߵٳ֮ڱվһ£ܵ
Ȧ֮;еˡ
þòǲ̫С
˰Ȧ֮ţȦ
ܹȦ֮Լ״̬ԣţһȦ
ܵڰȦʱ򣬿ΧˣոʮȦɡܹʮȦҾϢ
ôţ⿿ԼԼԼ˸ʮȦ
ڵʮȦһ̣Լˡ
ҲֳǧҲҵܸǧС
ʮȦ֮ͿʼŲٳߣԼ״̬֮ٻᡣ
һߣһ߿ʼٳܹȥһӰ
֪ÿٳкܶȦˣͦЩ˵ġ
Ͼãһֱһˣ
⿴ſţ;øոܹȥһӰȥʮ֮졣
Ǹ˵һδ߹ȥʱû̫⡣
Ǹ˵ڶδ߹ȥʱڷӦ˭ˡ
ԥһ£ԼǰߵĲӣǸ˵ξԼߵʱ򣬸ȥ
ΪҪ׼֮Ժ˻ᣬÿ϶ᵽٳȦ
Ŷڲٳܣţ;и߿
΢һüתͷһۣͿԱŵ⡣
һ£һߵĶô㣿
ǰѽ
ǰһۣȻʹܵٳм򳡱ϣȻͣߵĶժɰҲȦ
ͷ֮Ժ˻ίұ˸ĿҾǰһ£ʡõʱܵ³
Ц㱨ʲôĿ
ǧ
üҲǧ
ǰ˵ͷͻȻע⵽ǸҲ֣Ҳǧ
΢ЦŵͷǰǿҪú׼ˡ
ڰ֣ҾǱʱ׳Һܲ˵ġ
ô˵ǧЩרҵģЩͨѧ˭ͦ˵ġһͦڴһġ
ǰɣŰֲ档
˵ˣҲˡ
ʱ򣬵Ҳرǫ顣
ЦЦû˵
ܵķһۣһ𣿡
šأ
Ҳһġ
㻹𣿡
˰ɣҶʮȦˡ
ߵһȦȻһȥ
õġ
˵ִ꣬϶ܵ
⿴ԶȻԭ£һ߿ǰһߵꡣ


7 
ԴǴڲٳÿڲٳܿ
ԭŷҪܣɴԼһܰɡ
һȦ֮󣬾ֱɸܸˡ
ȻԣܲĲ̫УһܵʱΪܵıȽϿ죬رۣϷĽǷٶԼܡ
ԴˣҲûʲôҲûһҪܵɡ
ȸܸģǸм򳡵һȣ˶֮һΧŲٳһȦȻһߡ
·ϣһ䣬֮ǰҿ㲻һֱлǺһܲôû
ܡ˵ҲеҪæңʵҲһģֻ֮ǰϵʱһ𡣡
Ե˵ͷЦһһΪϲһˣʲôһء
Ҳǡڵ˶Ҫ˽˿ռģҲʲô¶һһ㲻Ҳô쳬һ𣿡
ʱ
һġ
ˣ֮ǰ˵㱨ǧʲôĿ
ߣİ١
ô
û˱Ϊ֧飬ܵʡ
Ŷ֧顣
šˣҲʶôˣһ֪ˡ
һ£û˵𣿡
ЩεĿһۡ
ŶHеġ
ǻͦGеġ
𣬡һԼؼʱ·ЩطȻ˵ÿλؼҶ·GС
Դ˲⣬ߣ϶·Gеġ
´ηżٻؼҵʱ򣬿һƱ
һ£յ㲻һһ˳Ҳ򲻵һİɣ
ǡ΢Щź
ı飬̲סЦЦ
ôˣ
ûʲôתͷԱ߿һۣպ·ҽѧԺѧУ¥Ŀ졣ҽѧԺ¥ǽУʱʼǵİɣڶѾǺˡ
ǰϲٳԱߵý¥ǵĺÿ찡ⲻ֪뵽ʲôͻȻЦһ£˵ħ
һ£ҲЦ
룬תͷһۣǵĿζ𣿡
аɡѧڻСʱ˵֮ǰҪѧҪܱҵԴһĿζŵıȽɢôҺú׼ԡںûҪˡ˵֮αµ
˵ͷ
أ
ǣҲаɡЩѧʵͷ󡣡
š֪мרҵѧıѡһ£޻
˿⣬ţſѧǱ
һϣˡ
ԣ̲סЦ⻰˵ģôôֻ
ɾԩˡľˡϾ޻ѧſΣĺᡣ
ðɣѧĺܶҲеϵԣǸнⲿ𣿡
ͷģǸѡ޶ʵѧʱѹСһ㡣
ʵҾãЩطеѧϰѹ󣬵˴ѧʱɺܶࡣ
Դ˱ʾʮͬҾǸӣǸտʼϸʱҾλظţȻԽԽˣиеĵӣѧĳɣ֮ҳЩҿƵġ
Ц٣
ԣͷٺһЦ಻࣬ʮˡ
Ե˵ͷû˵
תͷء
Цһһۣһ㣬ʮš
ۡ
ҾǺɰûȸɼʲô𣿡
˵ͷеתͷ۶޻٣ᣬ٣
ЩΣѧĶһȷҪ𣿡
˰ɡҲ۸㡣
Цҡҡͷҷ֮ǰʲô⡣
ţ
һֱΪ㲻Ǻϲ˵ھãҲûôԸ˵
룬ҲɣֻǺܶʱ֪Ӧ˵ʲôϤ˵Ļһᵣġ֪ԼӦôڲźʡ
ô˵˵֮ǰֻǲϤˣ
Ҳô˵ɡ֮ǰȷ˵ϤɡϾǵȷûô
˵ͷϴôء
ָϴܲʱܹ¡
ԣƫԴ룬ЦЦ˵Ҳ֪
ҲЦЦûټʡ
ܵʱôģĽǣܹкǶ֪һ㣬Ϳˡ
ģȥ׷ʵҲͦûġ

ΪһܲϵĹϵƺһЩ
һ壬μʱ쳬ߵλԱߣ⣬Ǵȥ𣿡
Դϴڷĩ쳬һһ֮ƽʱֻҪȥ쳬һΡֻҪûб飬󲿷ʱ򶼻쳬һ
쳬ʱһҵⷢ쳬ĻԭܾȻʶ쳬˵ǡһ䣬ĸȰ
ĸ࣬ϳҪమɱ¡
ԳĬƬ̣Ȼ˵ͷУߵʱҡ
ⲢǾԼΪǰŴӦ쳬ȥġ
Ȼոԥһ£Ǿã޹ء
ǲôãѧ֮Ǹ쳬ϲٳ
ǵʱ򣬻Ѿˡ
һ۾Ϳվ򳡱ϵ
쳬һߵ򳡱ϣȻӱļ硣
һãȻתͷʱǣҲ˰
ЦЦûʲô£Ҿ͹ˡ
쳬ˣţʲôʱôˣ
תͷȥ쳬ǿź𣿡
ӦñϴҼͬʱ졣
ЦŸһۣȻ쳬ͣ϶һܲš
Ŷ쳬˵ͷ
Ŷԣڳ˵Ҫ˶ˣҶ΢ŵ򣬱ˡ
һĿ⻰㻹˵Լɡ֪ŵľ㡣
˵˭أ
쳬Сѧ̲סˣ˵˵ô򡭡
͸վһ߿Ц
һΪҲء
ԣһ£Ȼתͷ
Ŀǰǰ˵ļˡǸо⿴ˣְת⡣
⿴ЦЦͣҲԼþûˣԳ򣬷һ¡
ҲǣǴǿɵúúñһˡ
ԣ¶Σ˰ɣҿɱȲ㡣
ô֪
Ҳ֪ʵͶ׼ͷͦһġ
ܰɡϴο㻹׼İ
Ҳÿ˭ȰͶǲ׼
һҪҵ𣿡
ԣЦøˡ
ϻܲ𣿡
ܰΪʲôܣ
˵ͷȥɡ
ԣһȣ֪Ķ
㲻쳬𣿡
ǰ
Ҿ֪ˡ
㶵ĵ˵ͷЦˣ԰ûʹң쳬ô죬϶֪쳬
εЦЦص𣿡
ţصʲô
صǣȥ㣬һȥܲ
⿴˵ͷá
--------------------
лҪ˵
αұģԲϾͶԲϰɣѧαЩҲǷϵġʧĿξ͵ˣͻȻֵĿξ͵ѧпˣš


8 
ʱ͸쳬ϸһȦ飬Ե⣬˵ȥܲʱ쳬һ㶼û⡣
֪ʲô溰һ䣬ȵһ
쳬һֱźȻԱãڻ·ɡ
ǣ߽ᡣ
̧֮ͷǸſĴЩһѾ
쳬ı飬Ҳ̲סЦЦһϲӡѾϰˡ
ЦЦͦɰġ
ʲôɰ
ЦЦ˵Ŀͦɰġ
תͷһԼĴȻһ˷ܣǰɣұҲһɰǸӰԺҾ;޿ɰÿҪһֻëĵӡصë
˵ͷҲëĺӿɰġ
⻹˵ʲô쳬һǲҪܲȥ𡣡
ŶԣǸϿ߰ɡ
˵ͷ쳬ˡ
쳬˻˻֣ͳš
ճ¥Ĵţ⣬׼ôܣ
룬Ϲ¡
˵ͷ⣬У˻ᱨ𣿡
У˻᣿Ժ˻ҶǸѼϼܣУ˻ỹ˰ɡʺҡأ
ңҲûСһУ˻ᶼܺõѧμӣǴһѧԺϵѧѡˣƽͲˡ
˵仰ͻȻЦ
ţһĪĿЦʲô
ûҾͻȻ뵽˵񾭳֡ءʡ
ϸһ£ǰ
ǣΪءǲûڵϣõĴʰɡ
ҲǰɣҸ˾ʮˣأҪôʵĻҹƶԷⱲӶˡ
ľԭ̫ˡ
ֻ˵ԭ˽ҡ
һüǣû˵

⣬ѧԺ˽С飬ʦ󴴡Ŀ֪İɡ
μ䣬ΥſϷ쳬ȻܹԱߵӣ
ԭԼֱ֮䣬쳬ĻȰ̾˿Ȼ֪ФᶼȺˣҵȻ֪
Ҫ𣿡
Ƴ쳬һۣû˵Ҫҽֱ˵ôܸ˭鰡ûңҲȥұˡ
쳬ԣٺЦУ¾Ͳ˼ʣµ˽ң
쳬һۣûû¸Ͻ˯ˡ˵꣬ſˡ
ţôô鲻ð
Դ棬˵ҲЩƣûУû˯ãе㷳
ţҼǵǰʱ˯ðô°
̾˿Ȼһҽǰ˯á
Ҳû԰㽹ʲô˵Ҳûôǰ
ǰҾͲˡԺ˻ܲá
ðɣϳ²˵ܣֻҪ𡣡
쳬ĻѸ첲ϣ°ͷֱ棬һԹĿǰ棬Ҳ֪Ҿǽǰô죿
⻹cos񣬳ͻȻӺܹվűϵĹ⣬㡣
һ£ȻֿźĿǱ߿һۣȻҸ
ң˭˾ſأԼȥ¡
ϽվվԱߵ쳬ﵲ
쳬һ£ſϣ٣
쳬״̬ЦˣϽλðɣﰭʲô¡
쳬Լ߹ȻͱźȥˣǣôҾ͡ҲûĶ⣬ǰȥ˽ȥˡ
һߣ⵽ſڣűվһ£ЦЦôˣ
ⲻ𡣡
㻹Ҫ𣿡
ЦЦ֪ѧԺҪ𡣡
˵ͷ֪ǰҲ֪ͨˡ
Ҫϵ𣿡
һ£ܿϵģ
ЦȻԣȻҾͲһˡ
Ҳ
ǸлǺȷһ֮ҪҵǸʦϵоеġ
Ȼ˵лǺһҲѾˣȻҽǰɡ
ţ㻹ǰģǰĶ
ȵһ°Ҵһ⣬ϻȱߡ˵仰֮תذɨ쳬λãȻ󱼵ߡ
ո֮쳬Ϳʼӣͼ֮Ⱦ飬쳬ڸıŰ˭ǵĶУͻȻ˵ߡ
쳬һ̧ͷ⣬쳬գգۣôˣ
Ҽˣ
쳬տʼûӦ˼Ӧһ£Ȼתͷ˳һۣջߣ
ԣü쳬ĸ첲һ£ǺôǴѧ˵עʡ
ԱҪ㲻Ҫ
쳬ۣϣˣ˹ˡ㲻Ҫˡ˵꣬űȥ
쳬һãȻĿܿǣô°
ſһȻջ߿쳬ûУԺú˵ôܶأ
Ҿã⣬ǰûҪװ
쳬ڡҪҪǰװ⡱Ļۣ͸ûϵˡ
Żŵܽַܳվǰ˵쳬ټˡ
һ£ЦЦ㶼ҾôӦҽˣ
ҲҶˣһҲ㡣쳬ʵеˣʱֻܵˡ
ЦôûϵһǰҵĻ˵ɡҵǸʦϵģҾţܿϵĻʱĿܺǵһ㡭
˵ͷҶ˼ˡԵġû⡣
ǾʱҸʱ䣬һȥʦ
á
ЦЦô𣿡
ţ
㲻ǡǰǡҿÿܲʱ޲ȦӱټӱҲҪҸţһϡ
ǲڡ
Цţýţ˵ֻҪСڵ״̬ȫû⡣˵ܽǰء
ܵĿɱҺãڿԼ𣿡
͵ǰɡʱˣյ㡣
ԣ̧ͷ۾ţģ
Ҳ⣬˵ͷġҵ㣬ˣһȦɲҪҵ̫˰


9 
μĿͬѧ¼¼
Ժ˻Ὺʼ֮͸Űͬѧһڿ̨ǰ༶λš
ֻǧһĿڴ󲿷ֵʱֻҪԱ߷ͺá
ߵļ¼һۣоߵ˶ø߰
쳬Աߵλ׼ĻҲߴһۣ˵ȳӦеưɡ
룬Ҳǣͬĸ߶ȣҪ̧ø߶Ҳܵһ㡣
˼
תͷ쳬ΪʲôأӦñȳߵɡ

쳬еᰡÿ϶ϵѡø߰
Ŷ߰
ΪΪʲôᵱίأ
ԣЦЦû˵
˶ϣ߱ܵڻڽİ׵Ԥ
ԭֻɨһۣͿܵ׼
Щ⡣
Ȼÿ϶һܲǳ˵һʱᵽ˶μǧ׵Ŀ⣬ʱû̸۹ĿйصĻ⡪ϾĸѼϼܣһʱҲĽšⲻģҲᡣ
ԣ˽죬֪İ׵Ŀ
⿿ԼŸһ̨ףλÿ
ǰһ֮Ա־ԸߵվܵϣȻʼԭػֽš
쳬ԭĻ壬ͻȻĶһ֮˳߿ȥͷվܵϵ
ԣҲİס
ԣתͷ쳬ô֪ģ
˵İûİ٣İʵȱˣűġϾİˡ
ڲμ˶ʱİ׶ŵĿ
һµĿȵǱҲһǧϵĿҪİ̵ֲĿѡֵбȽϸߵҪԴһ㶼ǺϲĿ
쳬Ļû˵һΰתٳϵ
ȻڻֽţͻȻ̧ͷڵķȻЦЦ
֪ǲǴܾЦǶԼЦá
⿴׼Ȼܵվһ죬˳ȥ
һֱҲһ
𽥳ǰһˣֳһˣС飬ڶյߡ
԰
쳬ĻջԼߡ
óֻʱ䣬Ŀ㿪ʼ
쳬ԣҲǲԼбĿֿ̧һԼֱѽҪȥ׼¼ˡ˵꣬׼ߡ
״Ҳվȥɡ
ţ
̫ˣɹ˳ȥ
쳬߹ļ磬԰ҵѣ
˵ţ˾һߡ
쳬ߵ̨Ͻڵʱ򣬸İٵѡû
ⲻ˶ԱԲܽ볡վš
ߵʱ쳬Ǳ쳬˸к¼ȥˣ
쳬ԣ˵ͷţҪĿˡˣ
šԤˣپǵˡ
磿԰İپǽȥ粻ǻǧ𣿡
ãмСʱЪù
˵Ż㲥Ϳʼ쳬Ŀˡ
쳬ǰһۣҹȥ¼ˡڽǱվţܼ˵꣬쳬Ҳػ¼ˡ
쳬Ļһ¡һڻذı·ߣˡߵ볡ߣͿˣߵ⡣
ǣ߼ȥôվţ
һֱߵԼǰЦЦ˵̫ˣ¥ݵţҲûôɹ
ȥ
볡ڵ¥ȥߵԱߣһǰҰ̫ãյ㶼
ҶԿҲûôȤǿ֡˵ҽ쿴⼸Ժ˻ʵͦˮġе󡣡
ЦǵȻǲͦġоԺ˻ǸһѹȫԺĻᡣ
ҲͦġҸոտˣҪڵһ飬ǵһˡ
ǲôȣɼΪһǸġ˵һǰͲǵһܵʱ֪
תͷȥһİپһǧ𣿡
ԣҲתͷ⣬ЦЦ㵣ң
ҲǡǰɡϾһܲսѣܲˡ
ڣĿʲһ˵мʱ仹ͦģһĹ
ⲻ˵ˡ
ЦЦǵ֮ǰ˵ʲô𣿡
ţ
˵Ҫյ㣬ˣ˵
Ͳˣ˼ǣİ׵ľǰǧףǿ𣿡
ҲǡҵʵȷǱ˲ֹһ㡣
е㲻˵ˡ
ƫͷ۲һı飬Цøˡ

ˣ
ҲûУԴŤĿڣϾʵȷǱҵĺá
⣬ͻȻеɰ
վıϣЦſǰܹһѡ֣û˵

Ŀ֮󣬿̨ϵѧٳ˾Ͷԭؽɢʳȥˡ
ɢ֮ǰһڲһĿ̨š
ɢ֮һһ߶˵òһ˱ȥһʳóԷ
԰Һһʳã֪ʲô
Ҳ١֮󿴿ɡ
Ҳ̫ܳɣϾҪܲô죿
ԣЦŵ˵ͷҲǡǾٳԵ㡣
һ˵Żһ߾һʳˡ
󼸲⣬쳬йǼһһ߸ͺߣһֹ
ǰ˵ıӰʲôʱϵôˡ
쳬ǰҼǵøտѧǻҴŹȥٳǴʱӦûʶɣ
лǺҲͷһȥҸУǻҸʱҲ˵ˡˣǻSŶûء˵лǺͻȻпڣҿϵӵˣȥҵĹⰡ
仰һԹĿʣ¼ˣǼ˼˵˶ӣôʣˣ̫ûˣ˵ͻȻ˳һ£˵죬ǰģѵ㲻Ǹ𣬾Ǻ㻹Ϊʶأôˣ㻹ûģ
ԣһ޹ǣ¸ʲôϵҲİǸҪԹȥԹǰ
ųĻ̧ͷǰһۣ̾˿˵ˣվҲ䡣
쳬˹һ£ˣ罻˭ûж㶼û飬Ǹս㻹ǣ⣬˵ǰء
ԣ̧ͷһǰˣҾãǵĹϵһܲʱ򣬽ķչ
лǺԣ΢΢һü⻰ôоֵֹİ
ʲôֵġȻôڹϵΪʲôôã
лǺ뿪˵ʲôֻȻһóֻһۣȻʣ˵е£ǳˡɡ
У߰ɡ绹ϵطϡ
лǺ˸OKƣ෴ķȥˡ
ʣлǺ뿪֮󣬼˽ͣоġ


10 
˶Ὺʼûãֵİ׾
ʵر뵽ǰȥͣΪǱ׶Σѧ׼ֻڿ̨վš
վǰ˵λãҪĸһЩ
ɼ¼֮󣬾͸μİ׾ͬѧһܵϵš
һ飬˵һǸ߹ˡ
תͷһɻĿԷ
֪㣬ǹǰ֧飬ǰɡ
ԣ˵ͷá
ܵͦģȱרҵѵȻܵø졣ôûȤѧԺﾶӰ
ԷĻͻȻˣôﾶӶô˵𣿡
Ҳǣľܵòȥ˶ôǵ㰡
Ϊȥûİף
ԷԵ˵ͷе㡭
ȶԷ˵꣬ʹϵ˼ҲϲβμԺ˻ҲֻΪǰ˲
ô˵ԷȻҲ֪˼Ҳǿ
߸˵ڿ̨Ȼǿһ΢΢ü֪˭һ䣬Ǹ˭
ʱ쳬ǼԶһŵ̨ڣĻһķ򿴹ȥ
ƶǱ߿һŶǸһӦһѧԺﾶӶӳӦòʶﾶӡ
쳬ţʱ˵ģ
ȥûİףûذɡ
԰ȥûбȥİٵѡأôû
쳬Ļ˵꣬ȹƻӦȸиһ䣬һǸʶԼĻᡣ
Ҳڳıϣĵ˵ͷ
ˡ
ںƶʲôǲôȤģ˵ӦòʶʱֿʼĶ
Ѿܵվ
ǱȦҲ˵ܵǰһʱ֮ľܽ
ʵ̫Լ̬￴İס
ϳ֮ǰѾ˵϶ܵһҲ㿴ͺãҪ̫ϡ
ǽš
ûɵĽš
һǹ죬߳
ǰڵǾһ׵λá
⿴ԼǰܹȻƹһ뻷Զȥ
֪ΪʲôͻȻһٳʱ
Ǹʱ˵ĹϵˡʶˡܻʱڹСʱ˽ﲢʲô
ǵʱĪȥʶˡ˻죬ȻǺͲֹʶˡ
˼
ԼһϲˣԼһʱĪľܸ˵ܶĻ
İ׺ܿ졣
ûüЩ꣬ͽˡ
֮ǰ˵ģСܵĳɼãʾھʱҲͬΡ
յյ㡣
ڿ֮󣬾תǱˡ
ڽûȶãͿһߴһߡ
߽һ㣬𣿡
⣬˼ΣԼĺָȻſڣáʼ֮ǰǸﾶӵѧнôҳһ¡
𣿡
ͦõġȥܲʱҽ㡣
˻һٳܲΪǶԺ˻ĿҪμӣǽԺ˻֮ǻҪҪһܲ£ûĹһֱ֪ҪҪԼһܲ
˵һܲ΢һ£ҲֻǾһ£Ȼǣ˵ѽ

μǧ׾ͬѧż¼¼
ǧʵ̫ۣһ㶼ֱӿʼ
㲥վ⣬
˵ͷҲվüҿʼˡ
Цôţ
ԼλãҸо඼ˡ
̫ˣʱͻҪԼɣԼҪѽ̫أҪĿȫϡܻһ㡣
ôأ
硭룬ⳡǸһȵģܲߣЦЦ͵ڸܲҺ棬Ҳֻߣ㲻Ҫţյ㣬ֻңͺá᲻ûжܲˣ
ԣҡҡͷġȻƫͷ룬ô롭ĺһˡ
һֱ⣬仰˵֮ͻȻ뵽ʲôƵģͻȻڣҷĺ׽š
ţ
ǵڸУ칫ſڼһʱҾͿˣܽţȻŵûôԡ
д˲죬ǻûԼŰ
ƽʱϰ˽ţǸ̶ȵĽţ˵оûôǿ˰ɡ
ܰɡ
ЦЦڻ𣿡
һ£񡭡Ĳˡ
ǵãͲҪֻ̫ܼȦ⼸ȦȫܵҾǰ㡣
á
¼֮󣬾һܵԱߵ־Ը߰š
ǵһ־Ը߾͹ѡܵˡ
ǧ׸ܲĿһÿ˰Ź̶ܵ˶վͬһϡ
ܵʼһֱ
ǹ죬͸һܡԭܸԱܣȦӣ֮˾롣
ٷֿ֮ǰһ˵ͰԼĽҪȥϣҲҪҾǰ㡣
ǣûΪԼǰԼĲٶܺ漸Ȧ
ԭãٶȣӦúܿᱻ棬û뵽ôţȻ˼ˡ
˵յ⣬ţȴҲûôڴյš
ϾҲǧ̫ˣ󲿷Ժ󣬶뾡ϢյߺԼڸ˵̬״̬̫
ԣһȦӽյĵط̧ͷϥǣȻվյߺԶʱҲ֪ôԼ顣
ΪѾȦˣԼ죬쵽Լܲסˡ
һ׵ʱ⿴յԾĿʼ١
ԼȻ١
ڳ֮ǰѾ׼֮ĽԼյߣȻǰԺͣ¡ӶţͣԺ󣬾̻عȥ
Ǿ⻹ûҪյߵʱԭԱһ㸩ϢͻȻվƽȵ˼յߺףλվ
ⶼӦͿԼյߣĻ
ס⣬˼
˶վ֮Ķ˵ǵߵģκܿǰҾ˵ԡ
ãԼĺˡ
û뵽һô
ԣЦЦȻıǧͣһΧŲٳһߡ
á


11 
Ȧ֮󣬾̨ϰ༶ڵλߡ
ǲŸ̨ףߵ̨ϣ쳬Ͷˣ̲סǣոǸӵʲô
⻹ûüڣЦ˵˵Ǹ£㻹ʲô취ܹɲ
쳬ԣ˼
лǺ˿ˣתͷ쳬һ£ˣ㻹濪ʼ˼˰
ǲȻء
ǳʱ⣬һ˷ܵ⣬̫ˣĻֱ֣ӸǺĿļ˺öѹ
Щ滹ʲôĿ𣿡
һĳһ٣
УǼ͡仰˵ͳߵԱߵ̨¡
һǰȻ̨ϲº⣬ЦЦˣ
е㡣ȻҲûܵö죬һǸоҸոܵñܲʱ졣
ǿ϶ġ˶ֻУǱ˶ٶܵΧ˵Ĵ̼
ԣЩ˶ԱĶֺǿʱǾ͸Ƽ¼԰ɣ
ô⡣
ҽӦҲԼļ¼ˡ
ûܰ
תͷһۣûпڡ
ӣôˣ
ûСҾǾãҽôҪΪ㡣
ԣ΢΢ü
ҪһֱңְοңҸоʱ򣬿϶϶۳һ̲ˣҳɼܺá
˼һ£Ҿ˵ĺе
סԱһλãọ̲̈̄סǹˡ죬ô˵ķΧôֵֹġ
˵лǺȿڵ˼ôֹˣְֹɡɢ˾͸ȥԷ˰ɡȥʲô
˼˰죬ȻתͷССһ䡣
΢΢Ǳ߿˿ʲô
Զʳõ
ЦǾͳԡȻʣ¼ˣ΢΢Ǵһȥʳó
ԣһ𾪵ĿһѡĻô𣿡
лǺƳ˹һۣ˭ء
תͷżǱ߻Ц
ô˵𣿡
תͷøߣţˡ
ҲЦЦ˾ͺá

Ժ˻֮ѧԺڴ󲿷ѧ˼ͱȴӲٳջص鱾ˡ
ûϵܻУ˻ᣬʱԺ˻У
쳬վλԱߵĹϣԱߵĿӣФ졣
쳬ĻҲ̧ͷһۣУ˻᲻־Ը𣿡
԰־Ըٰ˵쳬ʲôȻЦЦУ˻ʱ֧ǻæġ
գգۣŶأ
ФҲڱϣţˣ֧鰡
㶵죬ȻǲŷӦ԰֧鰡ʱ𣿡
쳬⣬Цһǲܣܰ
⿴쳬ı飬üôЦô
쳬ԣЦݣһĿ⣬ô¡˵أôô˵ء
ФᡰǺǡЦû˵
ǣʲô¡
Ф쳬߰죬Ǳִ߳Ӻ߽һţͿʼߺ⣬㣡
һɤȻ̫󣬵ǵǸŶξ룬ֿУһſʼŵˣڳĻ󣬱׷׿ķ

һĵ˳һۣȻվƿ·쳬Фᣬȥˡ
߳ţͿŶǽϿЦſոոʲôء
ӳˡҲ˰
ͦġ
ԣƲƲ죬óңҪϿЦҸʲô
ϵûΣϵôûεĻǸʦ𡣾ʹǸ
ԣϽһĿαһûΣĽнʵΡ
һڵʱӦҲҲֻȸʦһĿһʱ䰲ŵ¡ʦ֪пΣ϶Ҳš
˵ͷУǾһ룿
áһʮѧԺ¥ſͷȻһһȥʦ
ţҴȥ쳬˵
˵ʱһֱ⻰˵ˣһĶ
һֱԼ˵һ£Լҵô𣿡
Żع񣬡ûʲôǾˣһؽˡ
ͷϼ
Цϼ
˵꣬ת˽ҡ
˽֮󣬾ߵԼλϣԾڶĵФ쳬ûأ
쳬תͷһۣոǸˣǵڶ

һĴָʰ·硣ˣͣͣ£˵ټ
ԣ쳬Фᶼͣ˵
ǴһȥһµʦһʮѧԺſڼϣȻһһȥʦ
Ф쳬һ˵ͷ뵽ʲô԰Ҹǲһİɡ
תͷФᣬǰڸ쳬˵
쳬ԡٺ١ЦһѽС£ûϵ
Фᣬ׼ڣȿڵˣǻûˣЪŰɡ쳬ȥ˵һ¡ҪдҵˣǱˣҲȤ˵ţ̧ˣϿˣϽԼλðɡ˵꣬ҲˣֱԼλãոûҵ⡣
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12 
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14 
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15 
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ϾǧףʹЩѡֵʱȽϸߣǴӿʼһѡֳߵʱ仹ԽϾõġ
ǵѧߡܹȥ֮ܵѧߣһһұߣס
ѧ㻹ðɡ
ѧ˰֣Ъһ
ȲЪһɡ
ѧ˵ͷ֪Ҿ̫ˡǷһɡ
˵꣬һλѧڲٳϵĿյ·
Ǵ󼸵ģ
ѧһۣڵġ
ͬѧ
ǣǻģǲϵġ
һİһʶǰɡ
šʶͦˣϵͦõġ
ʶͦãͬѧ𣿡
ûСѧʶġ
ѧʶģϵͺܺˣѧ˵ͷԡˣҲˣǲ÷ˡ
ǣɿ֡
ѧǰһΣѧ˵Ȼȥɣߵȳɼͺá
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ѧӹˮ˵ͷ
ת̨ȥˡ

űĻʽУ쵼ԽΪУ˻ͽˡ
˶ڵĻѧԺõ˵ɼãҲηΧڡ
һֱһ־ԸߵĹʰʱѧ/ϯ˵ʱҰ㽻ӣ԰һѧڵĵ֡
û뵽ջѧ/ϯ˸л
ԷЦлʲô˻ģõõġ
Ļʽ֮󣬸༶Ķԭؽɢˡ
ɢ֮ͿʼԱߵĶӰ
쳬վԱߣĴӣʲôأ
ҡ
Ÿտڣ˹߰ɡ
쳬һ£Ҫʲôȥ
쳬Է˳һʵ顣
Ҫȥʵ𣿡
̹ϵûѧûǣоһ¿αȻʵʱ䡣Ժˣٸ˵
Ǳ¡
ͷô⡣
аɣɣǾС
һOKƣȻ͸һ뿪ˡ
˸߳ȥ԰
ȥ
룬һ
Ǿȥʳá
ЦЦ
ǰڵĿαҿһ°ɡ
ڵĿαѾˣöǰܾͽˡ
ǿ𣿡
Żûпʦ˵ᰲһյʱ䣬ΪнʵϰǺĸһʱʵϰȻûʽ֪ͨ
ҸоӦҲһѧԺһ𣬲ȻʱŲˡ
ұҪʱ䲻ͳһȥһ档
ЦһҲԵġ˵ʵϰ˽ѧʱ䣬ʱ䶼ģͿˣȻյʱˡ
ļٵġʦм䲻ῴ𣿡
ῴҲһֱšû£ʱǰţȥ㡣
һ£𣿡
ʲôеġ
ǡ
ôˡ˵ʵ顣
ǵ£ŶԡֻǿαĽͼһĿζˣҲǿյģʣµʱ䣬ڿΡ
ʵڿεʱӦҲǹİɡԼĿα㿴Щڿεʱ춼ǿյġǿһȥʵ飬Ȼ飬һܿԶ࿪Ӧ
ҲСֻʵͺ𣬺ҪݵĻҪȥİɡ
ѧӦûȥھȾηӦ㶫ʡ֮Ʒá˵ѧڻн˵ϵҲſΣǻһ𣿡
һ£Ҳ֪
һϵģ˵ĸĴΣǲ֪ôˡ
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ЦҲǡ
˵Żߵ˶ʳſڡ
֮󣬿Ķ飬̲ס̾һ䣬Ķӻһĳ
û취ʳõǱȽܻӭ
Ƕ˵ʳõ
𣿡
ҡҡͷҾûãϲġ
ţҲáҪǷ˰ɡ
Ҳǡ㶼ʲô
ҶУѡԼľͺá
ҿɾͲˡ
ǣ˳ǰĶһŶӣһԼЩˡ


16 
Ф᣺ܿʼϵҪһĽʵϰÿ˵ٳԱߵĹżϡյظ
ȺФᷢϢȻظһյȻ㿪Ƿ֪ͨˣ˵㵽
ֻϢշȥϢ̻˹һ
ǵʱ΢ϵмϢʱȥ
⣺
ظе
⿴ϢЦЦУǵʱSϵ
OK
ȥ㣬һȥʵ
룺¿ξʮʮˣ극ֱȥʵңҪʵſڵ
׼ȥʳãȥʳõ㣬һԷһȥʵ
⣺ʳð
ãҾʳŵ
֮󣬱Ļֻ
쳬ϣһֱ졣
ˣһ䣬˭أ
ţתͷ쳬һۣ˵ȥʵҵ¡
쳬ԣŶԣǽȥʵ顭Ҫյʵ鱨д𣿡
˵ͷд˰
ҿɣ˶Ҷûüд
ҡ
﷭ʵ鱨棬Ȼݸ쳬
쳬ӹʵ鱨棬һ䣬ˣʲôʱȥʵҰ
ͳ극ȥ
ʵͷ
ǡ
ţ
ʳõңǳ극һȥʵҡ
쳬Ļתͷȥ
һãȻôˣ
ûǾãǹϵãȥʵһԼһԷ
ǹϵҲ֮ܺǰһ
ǡ˵꣬쳬ͻعͷСֹһ䣬ǿûԼŴǰһȥʳóԸ

ˡձô򿪰ɡ
극֮ʵҡǵıȽ磬ǻʵʦʦ㶼ûֱӴƵʵ̨˶͵ͨӦȥˡ
ʵװô֮ǾҪձô򿪣ʵװڲռա
Ļ͵㿪ձõĿأôоú̫ˡ
ǲ̫ˣǾ˰ɡ
ܸо鲻ɾ
Ҫǻͱã
ѧ㲻˵ͱþ̫װѶû𣿡
ѧ˵ֱӳװܼɣм˫ŹܣӦûá
һ£ǰҪ𡣡
㣬ҪǾˮòʹǾͻͱá
ô簡
˵ʱƳ˷ʵҡ
һʵҾͿ˾ͨǰǱ˹
ƣһкѧ㡣
ʲô𣿡
ԶһۣڵǾˮò̫ʹ뻻ͱãǲȷͱû᲻ܼߣеԥ
ͱðܼΪգܼķе㽵ͣڷӦУܼűߵģӦķӦ¶ͦ͵ģ˫ŹܵĻͲһֱˣԲͱҲԡ߶ѾˣӽӿΪգѹúܽǰβġȰŹϣȻͨӦɡ
һ˵ͷ
СǾͻһ°ɡ˵꣬ƾֱ뿪ˡ
⿴ƽϢңȻ㿪ʼֻá
ǳ֮󣬷Ӧ㳹Ūˣ͵ʵ鷴Ӧ꣬ȻкĴ
￴Ű
Ļͷѧ㲻˵Ҫţ𡣡
Χ˿нûӦ֮Ǿûط͸ˡ
ȥ
˵꣬ʵһȦȻǸһλ
á
ڽеʵķӦʱ䲢̫һһߵȣм⻹ͨԱߵʵ̨д˻ҵӦʱ͵ˡ
⿴һ۷Ӧװã˵ȥ͸ӣӦ
͸𣿡
ովͰˮŽ̨ˡ
˵ͷá
ߵһȥһ߻ﱧһʢˮһձ滹żĤ
ģҽʵ֮ǰҴû͸ԭôͼĲ
ЦǻΪ͸Ƚ
͸һרҵġ
Ϊʲô
Ϊڲϰ
ͷпܡ
˵䣬˾ͰѷӦﶼװ͸Ȼձڽ̨ϡ
ˣǻȥɡȥһûΣʱˮ
Ե˵ͷһ
áǰϴ꣬ͻȥɡ
ţʰöȻһ뿪ʵҡ

ʱһȥ
һ磬ľˡ
ſվ̧֮ͷܿ˿
ſѾ絽ͬѧˡ
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Ⲣû̻ظҲû̫ż˳֮󣬾͵㿪һСϷʼ档
һظ꣬ͻȻһļ
̧ͷͿվǰ
⣬һֻһЦЦ㵽ˡ
ͷšôһ˰Ǻأ
Ǻе㲻ˣ֮ѧԺһ𲹡ôҲһˣ
̹ϵ쳬̫ˣҾûǰＯϰ
˵ߣܵ˵һ㣬֯һɡһûǰġ
仰䣬Ϳ߹
ƿһЦЦѽôɰ
ЦЦʲôɵģһѧԺģʵϰʱһǺ𡣡
ԵͷҲǡҪǰ𣿡
ҡҡͷҲȥ档
ƿ⣬תͷһȻ򣬡Ŷ
ŹƵı飬һŶʲôŶôʱ͹ˣ
춨ӵʱ򶨴ʱˡ˯Ͳˣɴ͹ˡôҲô磿
һ£ҲûʲôԼʱ䣬͹ˡ
ţԼ𣿡
˵ͷôʲô𣿡
ƸϽҡҡͷǿ϶ûеġ
ʱ仹磬˾Ϳʼſ졣
ʱһȥΧԽԽࡣ
쳬Ҳչ졣
ţʦˣͷֱ𼯺ˡ
νʵϰఴĿֿǰ౻һ䡣
ʦǰȽһҪֵĻȻʾһ»ʹ÷ʽȻеѧĸΪһ飬ýʾĻһ
쳬ФΪߵԭվһĸͽһ顣
ʦôҿʼʱ⿴ʣˣ˭
еε̾˿ɡ
ǣǰȥ˲ҪĲϣȻߵһеĻʼ
--------------------
лҪ˵
ʵʹʲôģЩˣдĲ̫ˡ֪Ļӭָ


17 
ѧԺĸܽнʵϰǰܽеĻ˵Ƚϼ򵥣ÿܴ˵ܣʦÿ˷һСҪǰĥɴͷ
õ֮Ķ˺üӡ
쳬ı飬̲סЦˣڸ𣿡
ҾãΪһӦҪѧԼԼɳһͷǣҪԼֶĥӰ̫˰ɡ
ʲô׵ģ֮ǰѧǶĥ˰
̾һûٶ˵ʲôԼСĥӵ豸Աȥˡ
ĥûӣ˹ʲôأ
תͷĥӡܸʲô
Ҳĥӡ
㻹Ͽĥӣ߸ʲô
ﶼĥҾʹҵЦˣһĥӣһ߸졣
õİɡԱĥɡҸоĺĥĳ𣿡
Ȼôţ϶ĥóģĥӺһҲĥӡ
ĥ찡
š
ðɡ
ЦЦˣ֪ʵϰ֮󣬻Ҫдһ𡣡
ԣɴ۾ңǹڶ㡣
ȻҺô˵ģһҪд
Ҫɵˣдʲô
Ͱ豸һ£Ȼʽܶдһ¡㵽ʱ԰дһ㡣
ִС𣿡
ܻӣ֪ΪʲôǾķӦܺ棬ô⣬Цš
㻹Ц
ʵҽһʵϰ飬дʵ鱨ʱԳݣҪ𣿡
˵仰Ҿҵͷٵ
ǲһûü˵Ϳʼ𣿡
ඡ
ûС
ƲƲ죬û˵
ඣûСסϳ£˵ڸʲôǶĥӵ쳬һֱ˽ǵĻͷߵĳ
쳬һۡ
쳬ûһ˵
쳬ǰҲ֪ڸʲô˵ֵֹġ
ƽʱô˵𣿡
ûа𣿡
Ҳûа
ǡ
˵ȥ㿪ڵ֮ʵ鱨ҪԼдͼ˵
仰쳬ϽƹӣһһҵվԱߣǴˡ
۲ۣҪǰĥɡ
ϽĥǵĴȥɣ
ϣȻֻصӶ档
ովһֱվԱߣһ߿һЦš
쳬֮һεĿͿǿЦ
ʲôġҲ˵˵ѡĥһҵģٰĥ
һ£ȻϽܾòáԼҪĥأ㲻ùҵġĥҵĻûٰ꣬Ұɡ
Ե˵ͷҲС
ţͷĥ

ˣһֱ֮ǰֻҪձ׼ĥ˵ģĥõĳƷңͿ뿪ˣðɡȻǣǽʵϰһĿڿ֮ǰд潻ðɡ
ʦĻ˵꣬Фһ䣬ʦʲôд
֮ǰдʵ鱨Ǹʵ鱨ֽС
Щ˵֮ʦʾҼԱߵİ칫ȥˡ
ԼѾ仯ص̾һ
쳬̾ˣʦ˵ĥˣ϶ĥ갡
ҵΪ̾ǸСദôãҲиˣͻȻ˵Ժͼˣﻹеѹ
Ǿͱ𽻣˲Ҫɼˣ
ȻǵˣҸСĻһģ
쳬Ƴ˳һۣ㳤һ졣
⿴쳬˵ȻĬĬĵͷԼ͵Сӡ

ôˣ
̧ͷˣ˰
ţǱ߽ɢˣҾ͹ˡ
ʦ˵ǰֻҪСĥ꽻ȥͿˡ
Ҳǡ
ҾӦò˶þĥ˰ɡ
ҵҲˡĥ괸֮Ҫȥʵ𣿡
룬˰ɣҽ첻̫ȥˡɡǵʵȥɡ
˵ͷԣǴҪȥԷ𣿡
ԡȥ̳㡣
Ǿȥ
Ҫһȥ𣿡
һҲͲˡ
ԣЦŵ˵ͷʣôûǺ
ţ˵ǵһԺζǸѧԺġ
ŶǸоҲû
Ҳ֪ʲô£ƽʱôڽҴҲϿεʱܿôˣ£´ο˿Ը˵һ
ûˣһʡ
лͦæģվڶ쳬ݣҲһ䣬ȥʵʱҲû
ԣڵǵʵ𣿡

쳬е룬˼費𣬰ôˣǳɼȻûйãǶǿԵģðɡ
˵ͷÿɷ
⿴쳬ֿ˵һȥ㰡
⣬̾˿⻰תеͻȻ
ɣǰѻǾ˵Է¡
ԣЦЦǾͼ˵Ҹȥ㣬˴֮ȥ
á
Ҫȥ㰡һ𰡡
쳬ϣ쳬ĻһۣûеҪȥ㣬ȥʲô֡
Ф߹ĻʶĽһ䣬ǡȻתͷ˭
Ƴһۣû˵
Ф˳ſŶһۣŶȻתͷ쳬û˼Էʲô֡
ͺǣʲôءͳԸô˵ĸоֵֹġ
Фᣬ쳬ԣ׷ҡͷûУ㲻Ҫ롣
վϣЦŲ˵
⿴һۣô˵
˵ʲô
죬ͰҪ˵ĻȥС죬ûʲô
˵˵¡ʲô
Ŷ
ĥҵĴӣĥˣٰĥɡ
ãԼ
ĥĥ˵
⿴һӣûٶ໰˵ͷá
Ǵϵʼһֱĵ࣬ŰѴĥꡣ
ҪԼİཻƷ⽻ĥõĴ֮󣬾³˹ſڵ
궫֮󣬾⣬ȻһУߡ
·ϣ̲ס²ۣΪһŪģû뵽ĥôá
ЦЦϾĶңõʱ϶õģĸǿôʱ䣬ʱҪ֤ġ
ھָľˡԼ֣ҵָˡ
ЦЦϾһֱﱵӴ϶еӵģԺͺˡ
ҽ۰һҪúõĳһ٣
ã㡣
ЦЦһ䣬ˣϿˣмҪ԰
ǻãȻͦģǿԿβǺܶ࣬ЩǽPPT
ҲǣԿκʣûˡʲôʱؼҰ
ʮܵɡ˵԰ҾƱ
Ե˵ͷŶ
أ
ǵʮܵһҺһҪпԣʱ򲻺øģϾ˵Ʊ򡣡
Ե˵ͷҲǡ
ǾߡҪûԵĻʱȥɣѧУҲûʲô¡
ðɡ
û£ѧУȥվҲ㣬˳ȥĹ䣬ʲôȥ
ҲС
Ǿôˣ㼸ĳ
㡣
ҡȥ㡣
Цá


18 
ҪǿԵĻͲˣԼ߾ͺ
ؼ죬պҪһš
ڿϣϢһ䣺û¡ҿ֮ʱҲ磬üģ㲻
Ǿ㿼ԻҪôԶվң̫
⣺˵û£Ҳ˵㣬һʱҪȥһ
⣺ô˵ˣҪֻˣȥ
ϢͰֻػȻս˰
ʵ΢ЩððûʲôӰ죬Ͼ֮ǰҲûиðʱ򿼹ԣÿγɼ
̬ͦãҲῼòԤס
ΪðԼԶһ֮ǰҲ˼ΪʱУԳɼŸá
ԽһСʱȿԽʦѾ꣬ʾ뿪ʱҲʮʮ֡
ϿԼĶʰãȻת쳬˵һ䣬ˡҲ쳬ĻӦܳ˽ҡ
һ߸ֻһѧ¥ߣֻ֮󣬾̸Ϣҿˣ
Ҳûʲô£ϢշȥͻظãᣬҪ緹ǿȥʳͷһԸ緹
⿴Ϣ룺԰ɡԡǼʳð
Ҷԣ
ǣԼʳóԷ
ʳøռ棬ո˸кüͷǲǸðˡ
һ£ô˵𣿡
ͷͦԵġҩ𣿡
ҡҡͷðǣҩһڣҩ֮ǰðҩģûµġ
ҪԵҩһĳʲôͲˡ
ԭ뷴ı飬ֻܵͷٿ״̬Ĳˣٳҩðɡ˵ҩֶҾٳһҩ
ԣ˵ͷעһͺáҪʲô
˵ţ͵ȥˡ
극֮ʱҲˣ͸һᣬȻվȥˡ
˸֮һֱӽվġ
ԵڵſڣûˣˣȥɡҴ߾ֱȥƱˡ
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šǰʸְɡȻҲûᵱ˵ˡ
ЦҲûҪǵõ˵㵱Ұ꣬ҲǲѹǮġ
ЦЦҪȥɡȥǵöȵˮഩһ㡣״̬ãǵóҩ
ЩΣ֪ˣȥɡ
˵ͷǱˡ
⿴ȥȻתֽ˵վ
Ҳȥ㶫
˵֮󣬲֪ǲãͻȻԼ״̬̫ãԾûȥĹ䣬ֱŵѧУ

ҵʱ򣬻ϰ˵㡣
ص֮ԼԿ״򿪼ţϵģӺһƬһҲûСǣֱӻԼķ䣬ѴĶʰãȻóʼǱ֮ҳⷭŶ
ʵһԸˣ෴ڴУǸܺýӴˡ
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ͬѧǶ֪ؼ֮κ˶ϵ
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Ϊ֪һ죬Լһٸ˵仰
ڣΪʲôԼ롰ȱϯ꣬ʱ벻ס
ףڵûоȥ˼ˡ
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ͷ΢΢ŵķתһ£Ȼתͷ㿪һƵʼ
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˵ˣҿԲҪ
ôأǡ
תվſڵˣ飬ÿζ𣿡
Ļһ£ͷ
ı飬Լƽ˵ʱĲף㾿ʲôʵ˵ʵǺҸ磬֪ҹʱ򲻻ĲҲ꣬ÿθҴ绰˵ҪһҶˡȻأһˣһ˶ûУȻҹĻһ棬ЩеûģȻ뿪ʲô˼أ벻ףܸ˵𣿡
ԣ죬
ֱֱض飬˵
ĬƬ̣ûֱӻشʻǻڵ껹Ǹһ⼸ҸɩӣֶӣɩסϦʱꡣ㲻Ҫ˵ʲôĻˣ䷿ӣǰģģҲҪ˵ʲôҪҪĻˡ˵ͣһ£󡭡չ㣬ӦġɩҲû˼ʵҲãҲΪңҶˡ
ĻԽԽ꣬ˣ㲻Ҫ˵ˡ͵͵İɣǸϽȥɡ˵£˵꣬ѷ˰ɡ
ԣ͵̧ͷ
ѷˣǮһһ룬ȻһСһģͲĲ˰ɡʵ뵽ģ֮ǰһֱԥҲѾϴģܿͱҵˡ㣬Ҷá
УԼУġôǮ
硣ҽһ磬ΪҰġѾȥˡǣûΡ˵ǰҵģһ裬ķݡһһ룬
ǡ˵ôˡ㻹𣿡
磬һʲôأѾԼҲҪԼˡ
鿴˵һ仰
ı飬ֱܽôˡԺ˿Ӱɡ
鿴ۿҡ
㲻˵ˣ㲻ǷҵġԺԼӾͺáҲԼӡϽȥɡͲҪˡ˵꣬ٿ飬ǻعͷԼĻ
Ż˵ʲôıӰջ뿪ˡ
ʵһֱעſڵȷ뿪֮̾һ
ʵûѻ˵
ʵ˵Ȼ̬кܴǲɷϣȥʮ꣬ǶֵܵദԣʹûѪԵϵԷҲΨһˡ
Դ֮֮ദͳ˺ܴ⡣ΪҸĸĸмϣԼְĸ磬ǣȴû취顣ң鲢ûʸ븸ĸŲ֮ìܡ
һʼǾԼ˷ֱ֣Щ飬໥ģԷķôŬҲûõģǣÿλؼң˵һѹֵ顣
֪ΪΣȻʶԼĶ飬飬ǰ飬ΪԼһ˵ļֶӵи塣
ãӦԭͲԼˡ
--------------------
лҪ˵
Ǹʲô
7ΪԺ̸ɨһϰ


19 
⣬ò׷żٻҪ춼ڼҲȥԭͬѧһ氡
ؼ֮ĵ죬ԼӻؼҿʼլŵĶӣбҪš
ʱԼĴͷ顣Ļ̧ͷϹЩΣ裬Ҳ˵ԭͬѧˡ
ôˣԭͬѧҲҵİҸСѧͬѧϵء
ԣЩŤҸСѧͬѧȷûʲôϵ˰
ı飬̾˿ˡҲ֪ʲôӣҲÿ춼ڼôţϵɡҶƻˡ
ЦġҲǲϵ⼸ڼңҸҴѧöıȽϺõͬѧϵġ
аɡ㲻һžͺáǸ쳬ϵҲʶôˣ쳬ѣ֮ٷż٣Ը쳬˵һ˵ġ͵ˡڣҲܶȥߡ
ǣһ˵ġ
˵꣬ҲûټķתһԼȥˡ
ڹתʱ򣬾óֻ档
漸쳬ǰļͬѧм仹ż༶ȺѧԱȺ
Ѿ˺ܿµλá
Щ죬ûиĹ졣
ȥվ죬Ϊ֮󣬾ֱſڴ˯ˡֻ֮ϲûյκϢ
ԭΪǻûطԲûзϢ죬һֱȵϣûеȵϢ
⵱ʱԥһ£ԼһϢʱᴮŵĹᵽ˵һ䣬ؼ֮˭ϵϡ
⵱ʱһ£ŹƣʣΪʲô
ǰѵ쳬ȻĻһ䣬֮ǰһȺ˶ϰˡƽʱٻؼңǻؼ˵ĻʹϢҲʹҲûҽֻؼҵʱҪϵһؼ֮ҲԼҪ˭żʧһʱ䣬ҾҲûʲôһżٶϵڼҴʱҲȽ϶̣ѧУҲϵˡ
Եͷһ㶼زȺϢҪǻϢˣ֤ѧУˣǻɧ/
˵Ļͷһ棬ֹͣ˼֮Ļֻ
ǣ쿪ʼһֱ죬ⶼûиһϢҲûиⷢһϢ
տʼʱٻô㲻ȻԼҲԵɡǺֹ˼죬Ҳͽͻˡ
ѡ
ȻѣӦظѵΪ쳬ǶʧԼ͸Ӧýˡ
Ȼⲻ֪ԼΪʲôҪ仰һ֡

ʱһȥ
ת۾͵˴ڡ
ŸйϵƺԽԽûʲôζˡ
Ϧҹ֮ǰԼ˵ͻ˼ңҪһꡣ
һ翪ʼæһֱʱӲŴźӴһ
һ㣬ûзκ
һҸҲʹһ죬һ磬һھֻļʱ黹һ䣬ϰףɩҲûб˼
Ĳ⣬ǼٵĲ⣬˳죬׼ŸѧУ
֮ǰһظ˵磬֮ǰ˵£Ҳǿȥ߲Լһ˵ԺĲˡҪĻ׵ܵܣͱΪѣҪһˡ
龿ʲô뷨֪μȻѻ˵ˣ¶ģٸļͥʲôӴ
УĳϣźһֱãҲûʲô鿴ֻ
³֮յ鳤һϢ
µݣǸѷҲᰴ˵ģһǮʵ֪ԼûʸһǮΪ˺ӣҲֻܴΣЩǮԼ޶һҡ֪ʵܾ֮ǰͲԸٻˣԼΪԸԼܵǴֲԸſķӣԲǴ绰ȥһֱãΪһȥģʵҲһֱ֪һУΪԼ
ĵһ̣ҾĶˣʱҾ֪ʵжɳܡԣҲܣҲӦ޳ȥҲԭңҲһиȥһĸ顣δǻл棬ҲҲˡҶĵϣɣ֡
Ϣûκֻ
صѧУ֮Լ˺ܶࡣ
ɣΪԼ̬ı仯ѧУڵĻġ
ٵʱ䲻㳤Ԫڹ󣬸꼶ѧͿʼ½½ķУˡ
ڿѧǰ죬ѧУ
䣬߽ᣬͿ˴һĵ쳬һδĹơ
һ£ƣôˣ
תͷһۣ̹ȻŶ쳬˵¡
Ҫʲôʱ򣿡
ҲıǼƽһһ桪ϾҲþûˣһҪһ¸ġѧУ˻ϾͶˣԼһ򡣡
ԵͷãǵʱûʲôµĻȥһ
˵仰ʱ򣬲û̫࣬ҼȻڣҲӦȥУһ䣬ѡ
ڵڶȥ쳬Ӳǰʱ΢ЩΡ
ȻΣȷҲ˵ʲôܾϾԼ˵ûʲôµĻġ
쳬ΪѣȻҲ֤ûʲô¡
֮žΥĿ
֮ǰ֪ڲϵ֮󣬾һֱûиϵ
ҲûⷢһϢ
Ҳӡ֤˹֮ǰ˵Ļ͸ϵˡ
ǣٹȥ֮ĹϵƺһЩ
ôоġ
ԼʹϼҲûпԷк
֮󣬴Щ˾ҪһȥԸ
쳬Ȼûиܾ
ǣɢ֮һ˵˵ЦЦؾʳߡ
ʳߵ·ϣһһһ˶ûԷȻҲûô
쳬ǶϵжϻѧڣԵʳ֮ǾԾظ˰ŵλá
⿴ȻЩΣ궫֮󣬻ԱߡϾ㿪ˣԵ̫ˡ
Ҳ֪Լʲô뷨
ʵҲãٲԸ˽˵ΪֻԼһˣ˶һദԼҲӦһ
û취Լһµʱ۳ģΪûиϵɵ裬ǾЩΡ
ԣʳóԷʱȻһֱŬԼֵȻȴһֱԼĺ
ܸܲȻ֪ΪʲôķӦҲǿ⣬ûпȥ⽻
һֱٷԷ˶û˵һ仰


20 
ѧУƺǵģÿصʲôʱ䣬ʲôΣ㲻ϿҲ㲻϶Ȥ
Ժܶʱ򣬴ҶԸμӸţԳʵԼĿͬʱʶѡ
Ǳ뷨μһѧУš
Ȼû̫ŻоԼҲѧ˺ܶࡣ
ڴѧҲ˻ʱһŲǰѯûε˼
룬ظϲ˰ɡרҵ˺ѧϰصģεĻûʲôŵĻ
ϲЦЦʵŵҲʲôţ˵ŴһˣʲôҲġߵ񣬸ĻǸҪǲ߻ţЩӦòʲôʱġ
ȻҡҡͷԼʲôһģʱ϶û취áѧԺѧҪμӴ󴴵Ŀʱ䣬һʵʵ顣
ϲҲֻ뷨˵ôҲûǿ˼˵ʱ䣬ͻ
˵ͷġ
ϻ᳤Ľڵ϶ǲ֪ġ
ջᣬ׼ʰһ£ٰѽҵдһд
쳬ԼĴλϣַֻѧڵĿαġʱ򣬱һ䣬⣬ܾҪʼǷˣǰǲǸһϰ
һ£Ҳ֪
쳬ԣţôû˵𣿡
ϵĶһ£εЦЦûлش
Ҳ֪ôش
ѧѾһˣʱĽͽڴԼһʱ棬ҲʲôֻżЩеûĵġʵΧֻҪעһ㣬ܷڵĹϵж衣
ƫƫΧȺһһĴ󣬵ڶãദúܺã˻кܶҲ֪ý
ҲֲκˣϾϸѧڵĹϵĺãҲ˾ֻһڶѣ˾ͻԶ
ңΪϸѧĹϵ̫ҪãΧ˶ϲ˵ЦϸѧھѧڴȻûҪ˼ڴҿЦʱҲĬûз
ûֱӻش⣬쳬͵ǻûע⵽ҪǷֵ£Ҳûټȥǻһ⣬ˣѧڣǻҪȥʵʵ𣿡
쳬˻⣬ⲻԾһ쳬⣬ԴķʣѧʵôԼҲӦɣܽ𣿡
쳬ֱ׳ǱȻǲˡ
԰ʵ϶ҪġǴ󴴽ȻҪ󲻸ߣǻҪҪݵġ
쳬ԣ˵ͷʣʲôʱʼȥʵҰ
쳬ĻϴЩЩȣôͻȻô
쳬ԣ˼ЦЦٺ٣ʵиѧ㣬رɰҲܺãÿʵ⣬ǽ
һ£
쳬Цſ⣬û˵һ㶮ġı顣
һϷʣǣ쳬㲻ǰɡ
쳬ԣֱ׳ô˰׷󡭡һֵֹˣʲôʸ˵ҡ
̣Ҳû˵ʲô
Ŷ׼˵ʲô
ҾǡѽҶ˵ʲôˡ
аɡν룬ǵøϽȥʵҵʱ䡣
ȥͿȸǺȥһ˰ʲôʵ飬ôǶ֪ˣԼȥԣΪʲôҪǰţ
ͲˡҪԼȥ̫ˡǰźãһȥȻһЩ
аɡҸź֮ٸǰɡ
Ӧ쳬һȥʵҵ飬϶ͻʱӦʱһ̹ȻʵЩġ
ĵ㣬ʵԼ֪Ǿ£ԼϵЩΡ
鲻飬⵽£ҲΪԼ̫ãԣ磬ȥ
֮ҲûйĨǣֱӿȥʵҵµġ
ʱԼǰϿҪõĶĻһ£Цһ£԰αǶ¿αѧڵʱ䡣
һߴֻһ߻Ӧʻ˵ġα֮Ҿͽͼֻˡ˵ŻͰԼֻݸ⡣
һֻ߽һ˵ţ֪֮ǰ˵
һ¡
Ŀαڿαϵʱ΢һ£ţҲϡ˵ţͿڿεĽңǷ֣һϵİ
ԣҲչȥۿα𡭡
ָԼĿα㿴ʱ䣬ص㣬οʦһ
⿴֮Цİ֮ǰ˵ҪһϿأû뵽һϿأ
ı飬ҲЦЦ
ЦЦţͻȻЩԣһԼı顣
ʲôõģӣתһ»⣬ʵʱɡ
˵ͷá
ǣһо˵Ŀα
αʱͻȻ˵һ䣬ˣǰǸУŵĲ̸ҪҪε顣
û뵽ͻȻԼ˵Щʵô˵
Ҿ˵ѧϰʵȽأԾܾˡ
Ե˵ͷǱȽذɣһҪ󴴣ҵ˴γҲԽԽѡӦҲûʲôŵ˰ɡ
˵ͷǰҲõġǲǻѧԺǸҸ˵㣬Ǹţ㻹𣿡
⿴һãȻǵʱǱ׳˵˾ʹ꣬ѧǾ𣬻Ҫ𣿡
ı飬̲סЦЦҡҡͷûСȷǾġǿģҲ˵㡣
ҡͷҿ϶ҶŻʲôĶȤ˵ո˵ģ֮ʵ飬ҪרҵΣҿ϶˵뵽ʲôҪ𣿡
ЦҵȻˣ֮ʵ鰲ţ
Ե˵ͷãһȥ쳬˵һ
š
ǡҾˣ
ţ´μ

Դһʵ飬˼֮󣬾ԼĹϵ˵ص˹ȥ״̬Ӧлˡ
٣Լôõġ
ԣڶȥʵ֮ǰϢ¿ˣҪȥԷȻȥʵҡأ
Ϣȥ֮Ҳû̻ظǱֻʳߡ
¥͸еֻһ¡
óֻϢ
Ҫʳߣȥ
ǻȥ
ǣͰֻװʳñȥ
߽ʳãһ۾ͿСжŵ߼ȥ㵽˶ˣ
ǣҲûȽѧ¥٣Ҹյ
˵ͷǰյӣҲû򷹰ҡ
ߵţԼȥ˰ѷˣͿĽкƣˡ㵽ĕûѡˣֻʲôʲôˡ
һ£󻺻ǣװǿ˵аɡţԱߵλˡ
ܿʼǷˣʱһȥɡ
֮󣬿ôһ𰡣
ЦϿǰȥ㡣
룬㲻ȥռλãһܶĥ
⣬Ҫ𣿡
ЦҪҰɣǲزסϲá
Цţ˵ͷá


21 
ġ
˺þõˡ
ſ˵Ǵձ黹ǳƺΪͼ׷ʵѧĿαſαĶͼ׷Ϊÿһѧ˵ͼ׷֣ܱſεʡ
̨ϣͼʦſμϵ٩٩̸ٵĽһԭ豸Ƽֿ֮ʼͼҪ˽ݡ
ԼǱʼǼǵÿҪ־ʱʦڵϵĶҶûСã棬ҸһͼҸһ£Ǹʲô
ʦĻص̾˿
ߵĶתͷһۣôˣ
ƲƲ죬ûʲôǸоѧѧ㣬ϲңͼԽѧԽԼᡣ
ԣЦЦ
㻹ЦҾȻЦǵʱ򿼵ӦñѰɡ
˵ͷӦǡ
ǵʱСӵĻ϶óʲô壬ͳʲô塣ǲ֪֮ǰЩӵͼǺ޲ôҶѱ˴˵ķſġ
׼˵ʲôǰʦͿڵǱͬѧҿ۵ͦҵ˭شһ⡣
ԣһ̧ͷʦ
ʦһϡؿ
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Ȼһۡ
Ҳһϵӣ̾˿Ȼվصʦ⡣
Ȼˡ
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һΣͼҸպ÷һҳ˵ţָָԼǰϵҳϵĿ
⿴һۣȻҲԼ鷭һҳ
ˣ
Ȼ˾лѧϰģʽʦΡ
ΪǷֿҪϵݺܶ࣬ʦһڴξҪһСѧһڿξ͵ýӴһͼסݵܶȣܾʦ޲¿ξղͨһʹüݴ
¿ʱԼԴҪըˡ
ҺֻҪǼԪغͻŵĳλãĵõʱԲ飬ȻҾ˶Ҫˡ
ֻЦЦЩɣõö˾ܼסöҲҪ̫ˡ
ҲֻڱԹһ䣬ô˵ˣҲûȥתͷҪȥԷ˰ɣҪȥԣ
⣬˵ɡ
Ұ룬ˡ
Ǿȥ
Զʳõһ𡭡һ ûΰɣҪеĻ
ЩΣҵĿα㲻֪ǻҪһȥʵءûΣȥ
ԣ˲ǣǾһȥɣ
Цҡҡͷ߰ɡ

һʼǱų̬ѧԺĹŵġȻһμӵļλкܶдǵʦҪҪвʱǻǾܾˡ
Ͼʵ顣
ǷֿΡ
ȻʦԼ˵ʱһ£ȵ˼廻ʱ䣬ǿ˳ԵʱʦҲǿֻǡ
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ʦô˵ˣȻҲƴǡ
ǣ˹ͬĿʱ䣬ʵ飬һ£Ҫһ
׼԰
죬ֵ쳬лǺȥʵ飬˿ʱ䣬˾Լһս̡
⣬룬ԺţûҪ̫˰ɡҾ־͹ˡһֵ棬һȺ档ȺҪһʽݡ
ʵãţҪⷽ𣿡
˵μԵǲĶԹȤ
š
ʵҾãܶѧڲμŵʱ򣬿ܲΪԼȤΪԼЩʲôЩѧѧǽʱ򣬲Ҳ˵ԼţҿЩɳ𡣵ǵԵʱֻ֣ᷢ˵ЩҪ⣬ԵʱֳҪ⡣㱧ŶԼȥԵʱͻ֣ᷢԼᱻЩѡУ෴ЩҪģʵеĶԭеʡЩȤš
أ
Ҿã̵ĻϣЩҪɳѧҲԸһЩᡣ
Ե˵ͷ˼ˡЩ˿ΪʺģеǾãȻڵԼܲʣϣԼԺԺţԲģǶӦøǻᡭԣϲϲ棬ֻҪⷽǱǶԿ
ЦЦʵֻ뵽˵ġţʵⲢԣ⡭Ӧ֮ĲűȽԣμӹκӦö˵еԵʱӦðⲿֵһ㡣ʣµģǸһһģִ֮Ŀ졣
ȺӦòʲôʽأ
Ƚϳľͣ쵼Сۣ߱ۡ
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ҾǽйĻ׺ȽҪ
ǾЩԿ׺ķʽ
ǣͿʼǲķʽܿѧ׺һЩǿȽҪʡ
ʦǰæ߻ݣҲûи̫ʱ䣬ϾʱѾǰ
ץʱ֮󣬾Ͱôӡʦ
ʦ֮󣬵˵ͷˡ֮ԣҪ𣿡
һۣȻһҡҡͷ
ǲˡʵ飬Ͳİˡ
ʦҲ⣬ʵҪаɣǾȻȥɣ֮ʲôҪæģҲҡ
һ˵ͷ͸ʦ˱
ѧԺ¥֮ⳤس˿ˡ
Цôúۡ
е㣬Ҫۡ˵ѹŪá
ںˣ
ͷšоĴʯͷڷˡ
ǾͺãҲûˣȥʲô
ȥͼݰɡҵдһд
⡣
ʵһЩʱͷˣԴѧ¡ϵ֮ͺϲ𤡱Լ
ǣʲô£ֻҪʱͻһ
տʼʱ⻹ʼ䣬Ϊ϶ûоܾ˺棬ĬԼΪͬġ
ʶһ֮󣬲û̫Ҳû̫⡣
⡰ȥͼдҵ飬ֻǿ⣬˵á


22 
ôûôǺ
ʵһʵ֮󣬾һߣһļ䡣
ΪոǷֿΣһ£Լûڽ￴лǺ˳һ䡣
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ðɡ
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룬˵ǰɣϾǺѣͻȻЩΪٻЩĵġϾҸǺʶһû޹ȱء
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ü룬ǾЩ£ܻ˺Էأ
϶Уǣǲǵˣô֪Էھ¶˵ʲôأңû˵һ˳ģЩ飬ˣһ־ΪѣΨһģڶԷۣԼܲסʱ򣬰
һǾáΪʲôܹԷЩʱ򣬲š
Ϊ֮ǰ˾ԼǴġ£˵һУֻǰԼ뷨ǿڶԷϡǿģǰ˽⵽ģ׶˵ԷҲߵط۶ԷѡԼ֧֡ʵܶʱ鷢֮ӰԷ
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ʲôԵģʣµʱ䣬Ҳûʲôˣ㻹б𣿡
ҡҡͷ
߰ɡǾͲУˣм·߹ȥ
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ҪȥУʡʱҲʡ
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23 
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24 
ϣ⻹û˯ѵʱžͱˡ
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--------------------
лҪ˵
7ܵģģ


25 
磬֮󣬾óҵ뿴Լʲôҵûдꡣ
ŸշҳͲô뷭ˡ
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֪Լڵѡ񣬻Ǵġ
ǼʹǴҲѡˡ
ΪԽΣҲѹ
ԼĵЩ뷨Զ˺ġ


26 
Ф᣺@ˣһ뵽ѧԺ¥ſڼϣҪʵ飬ΪʵΪʲôʡʱ䣬ԴҰѧţ161116212631ͬѧһ飬ͬѧԴƣ飬ʱֱͬҡѧԺ¥֮һٸȷһΡʲô⣬˽ңյظ
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쳬ֻǵˮǣֻǵ¹ǸɵӰԼ
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ֻǿЦĿ̫棬ԼԸϽضϡǣ仰Թ⻹Ǻаģ


27 
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оһдĲ̫Ծֵ̫̫࣬ˡ


28 
ʱһȥѧڿѧҲһʱˣٹûãҪһˡФΪ೤ͷŰίһ𣬴߻һΰ༶Ρ
ԭ밲һڵģһʱϾȽϳ԰һѧһ˼ңˣʱǰ˼ǰĩ
ѧУԱǸ԰ȥջҾ԰ɻտ԰տտʱ׼֮һɽȻɽ¶Ӫ¶ӪһճȻɽǻ׼ǱϾڻ⣬ԻҪܴһ·ֹ䡣Ҳûʲôˣʲô⣬ңί
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ǣ쳬һϸƵƮƮȥʵ̲סˣô°һϵģʲôˣҲ˵Ҳſһ°
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ǰҪտǵĻҲտ
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ǰФῴ˵ķζ˵ϵð


29 
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ǵ¶ӪصտԱߵɽϡ
һڲһɽߡ
ÿ춼ɽɽŲߣû뵽ͦߵġ
ԣЦЦܶɽģŲߣʵЩġЩΪɽߣЩΪ
ԭɽ𣿡
˵ͷСġ
˵ŻͻȻĪİһ£ڵϣϽԼķ§һ£ͺǰԼﱧһ¡
ֻ֪Ϊ˷ֹԼˤ̫ͻȻΪٶĪĿʼ١
ÿ϶ΪԼŵˣĲô졣
ǣлл
ԼҲСһ㡣
֪
ֻǸСԼ̫⣬Ǳһ죬һɽϸڶɽߡ


30 
ɽٸߣҲߵȥ
ڲʮ֮˱ߵɽ¶Ӫ
ʱѾˣФ֯ͬѧǿʼ
ʵǼֻҪſ˾ͿãҶһֳһ£һŮŮһ㡣Ͽܻе䣬Ҷһ¡
ФǱʱ򣬴ұ㿪ʼִˡ
⿴񡭡
˾İ档
Ұѽ
ԡ
ǣͿʼڿ·ڵĵطǵ
Ͼǰ༶֯¶ӪФĶǼ񣬼ϴҶ໥æܿ죬¶ӪһСʹˡ
̫Ѿߵȥˣǰߵ챻յ޺졣
ͬѧǶվƽ̨ϣһóֻƬ졣
ԭǲֵģǿΧһܹȥˣԥһ£ҲóֻҲûȺǱߴգק·ԼһһأվǱɽϡ
תͷƬҽǶȵ⣬ͻȻãͦõġ
һʱ䣬ʱ֪ԼӦô
Զ룬᲻ãǿ̫˺⡣
룬жϵ죬֪Լôġ
磬ã
ÿദʱԼ˳״̬
Ըദ;ϣԼ飬;һ߿
ǿĵģԼҲʱ˽״͹ˡ
ڱʲô
ãҲĪĳһһ죬ֻĪʧˡ
ĹϵٲĪֵĸоɢ֮ܵӰ죬õĽˡ
ţְͶԶֻʣһ̫
ҪƬ֮󣬾ͰֻʰһɡҴףһ±ߣһţͲ˰ɡ
Ե˵ͷá
˵ţͻԼ

ԼªС̧ͷſڵһû˯񣬸оͦʵġ
ЦЦҲû˯Ҳͦʵġ
㲻һ˶ԷġһΡ
һ£Ц˵Ȼġ
ͦãȺܾúܾԺٳȥһ¶Ӫ˵Լһ¶Ӫʱ򣬿϶˵ңѧҵһ¶ӪǸѧͬѧһ𣬵ʱиѸ˯һ֮ġ
ЦЦؿ⣬ǵʱأ
һ£ң
ƫͷ룬Ҳ֪ҲȺڣ˭֪ءϾҵ֮£˭Ҳ֪˵ͻȻЩŤ
仰֮ϵıҲãվ׵΢ЩȣȻ⣬ȥ˵꣬վֱ壬Աȥˡ
԰Ͼ棬ڸһЩ
ǵʱ·һ߲ԶԱ·ȥ߼Ӿ͵ˣһȥǱϲʵûʲô⡣
ֻԼ˵⡣
Ҳ֪Լʲô顣
˵ҵҶһʲôط仰˵֮ȴͻȻúѹ
ЩԸ󣬱ҵ֮
ǣԼƾʲôһֱ
ôţͿʼЩ
ʱ򣬿ľһ·붨˵⣬ʲôأô棿
ţһ£ûûʲôջ˼еˡ
ʾ⣬۾Ϣɡ컹Ҫճ
˵ͷȻ;ʰһԼȻһˡ
֮û¡
ոߵʱеԼСĲ䵽˹սǵһʯûʲôǸոսʱüеۣͰԼ³뿴Լļûˡ
´һߵȻ΢ͷϿһֻۣ΢һ㣬Ҳûʲô⡣ְ·ãȻԼµһ¡
ʵһγ¶ӪҶ˷ܣΪ˵ڶճԴҾϢЩͬѧͨ˵ڶѧУٲ
ФǺ´Ҷ˯ͷԾϢܱ֤ÿʱζˡ
ڴҷ׷׾øȺϵİ֮¶Ӫؽ
⽥˵ФҲʼһһİ˽ѡ
˵ѹת˸ͶԱŵĿ⡣
ӦҲǸձĶѣٻЩãȻ
Ȼ⣬ˣ
šͷ
Ҫȥճ𣿡
ֵͷҪ
ǸϿˡ
á
ǣʰһԼȻ˳
̫ӦΧҲʲôĺڡ
⿴ǰͬѧǣԥһ£վԼϵط
͸⣬֮ǰյĵطվãżճ
ǻû˯ãԵЩͣ˰١
Ҳǵһο״̬⣬һʱЩ棬ජһ
һͻȻʶԼ̫רעˣǸϽջߣ򿿶ߵգӭӳ̫
רעضգûע⵽һֱ
ʱһĹȥԽԽǵ¶ӪصȺˣʼûп̫һֱѴ̫ȻӰӶûС
ͬѧĳȽϡǡͬѧ졣
ɽפһϵȺ˲ŽˣȻɽסһǲûпճʵ
䣬Ա밲ο䡣Լȴҡҡͷ˵ҿճˡҵ
һ£Ц˵̬
˵ͷá
ȻճżʧܣγδһǺܿĵġȫ֮ͬѧǱ׷׶ŵ˾ʰ
е鶼ʰ֮󣬲һˣһɽˡ
ɽ֮󣬰ίҪȥФͬѧɽɢˡ
ҲҪȥ񣬾תͷߵ⣬Ҫȥأ
ţ
𴲿ʼ˾ͻģĻһʱЩӦ
״̬̾˿ˣȥϽᲹɡ
ԣ˵ͷá
ĵطѧУһͷȰ͵ſڡ
ȵ⣬Ϳ⣬ô߻ȥ𣿡
㶵صͷܡ
áǸϽȥɡǵø˵һȻȥ˯
ʵص˵ͷ
ЦЦȻкϽѧУ
У֮󣬱㾶ֱߡ
ϾգȻͬѧ춼ûôϢãǱϾ¶Ӫ˷ܾڣԻû˻ᡣ
Կ״ţȻŽʱﲢûˡ
ǰͣԼλԱߣԭؾվ˼ֽ֮ضӣԴ֮䣬ʼͣĲ


31 
ʱ仹磬¥˲Ǻܶ࣬Գż˵·ﻹǺܰġ
ⳡ϶ذУһĬĬĶڵϣˮԼ۽¡
֮Ⲣû˯ţҲͽ͸¹⣬¶İ
ֳ£©һģƺȫܵġ
ʱһߣΪʧߣҹﲢû˯š
˵һҲûеʱĬĬ۾ط˸ȫӦΧĹ֮󣬱ںڰУ˽ߵ
֪ʲô飬ôһֱšֲ֪˶ãֻذִϸŵĺ·óȻ󻺻سķȥʶʱ־ֻм׵ľ롣
ͻȻһ㣬̰ԼջȻ˸۾
һϣﲻϵĸԼոֻˣҪ
һҹһֱⱻճû˯š
ǣʱ䣬ԴΪһҳδ߶أ˾ͺһ𴲣ճ
ҲΪ˶״̬ϿճʱûܿסԼ̫ʱͶĿ⡣
ʱʶԼʱж࿪ġ
ʵԼûʶ֪ʲôʱʼסԼ
ʶһʱ򣬴ҲΪһҹûкúϢĻ磬ǾãȻҲЩ֪롣
ʰʼֿʼóء
һֱصᣬΧûһ˵ʱųױ̡
ϲ
ǣôء
ôء

֡
ǻһģ˶ûεʱҪȥʵңҪһȥϰһͼѧϰµʱ͵ж
ǲһ£ддҵʼ
ֿʼˣĸ첲һ£յôˣ
һµʱͻع֮Լ˵ʱһ©һģԱ߶һ£˵ûʲôǡͻȻˡΪҪżЩ˷ܰɡ
ı飬֪˵Ĳʵⲻ˵Ҳǿ˵Ǳ˳ʵһ٣ϴβ˵ȥôҪȥˣ
΢һȻ󻺻衭һȥ
ԭǲȥģģؼҴһʱ䣬ҲԼúһԼ
ԣҲû˵ʲôֻǵ˵ͷȻ֮ǰԼżһȥֳ㻹𣿡
˼һ£ǵ˵ͷɡ֮ǰ˵õģҲʱŴҸӡҵʱһġ
ȷ𣿡
ɵЦЦʲôòȷġ
ҲֻЦЦ˵ǰʱȥվ㡣
㲻Ҫңһؼ㻹Ұܲ˵ġ
ԣЦЦáģҲܡ
֮ʱⶼֵĸһûҲ˵ʱڵĻӦʻ
Ǿãһʲô¡
ֻܹԼ뷨Ҳ˭ȥʣֻܽ⡰ҪؼұȽ˷ܡ˵ܹ֮һЩ
ôţתۼ䣬͵Ҫؼҵӡ
˵Ҫؼң󵽵ûͳɡ
ûϵԼҲУ˭뵽ǵʵξȻʱ䡣
ſγڿ֮⣬мʱʵΣʵδܿʼͰؼҵʱ䡣ʦİʵûκ⣬Ͼ
ԣֻϿ֮ǰʱ䣬ᣬʰʰ
ϾҪȥϿˣҪȻҲҪȥվġ
ûʲôֲǲˣǵһ쵽վȥҾС
϶ģһؾڳվڵ㡣ҪվưɣΪվ̡
Ҫ
ЦЦֿʱ䣬ˣҪȥˡ㵽˳վǵøһ
˵ͷ߰ɡġ
˵꣬ȥˡ
⿴ţǲŻȥ
ԴʹԼôˡ֮ʱ䣬ⶼԼֵȻһ㡣
ãȻԼԼûô֮ǰⲻԼӰ쵽Լһ㡣
ﴧŶԼʹװЩҲûʧ
ǵ룬һʯͷһ׹ϣ
һֱ⣬صļ
⵽˳վ֮󣬸һֻڳվʱϢ
ǻӦûϿΣûмʱظϢ
֮Ļظȴһֱûе㿪
һڣⶼûϵ
ٷУǰһ죬ߵķſܽ𣿡
ԼλϣŴⷢͷǣ衣
Ǿ߽ķ䣬Ա¡ǰĵԻ棬ʲôأ
ҵ㶫˳ſһ۵ĻȻͣ
ʵĵһ죬Ҿ㣬֮ǰ˵һˣôͻȻ˵ˣǲʲô£죬ҿıǺܿģԾŵһʱ㣬춼ҪУˣҶûʳڡԣλ⼸첻ģΪһ°ɡôˣܸ˵˵𣿡
ҡ
Ҫ˵ûвģ費ɵ
ĻԭǿԼǱԭλã΢裬ҡҺе֡
ԣ΢΢üͷʲô˼
ԥһ£ҡϲһˡ
ԣЦϲ˶ѣʲôֵġ֮ǰŮ
ϲģ̧ͷǸ
ԣõɴ۾춼û˵
⿴Źı飬üͷ΢΢𣬻ĵͷĶµܡ
ôأ
Ҳ֪
ȷûи𣿡
ĻǳĬ
ĬڹΪҲʶԼԼĵʱŻڣҿʼҲΪԼˡǴһԼǲǸˣȷԼûŪֻһۡ裬ʵŷԼϲǸˣҷֵʱҾʶѾϲˡ
ϲѾ˷ԼͻȻϲᣬʼΪԼĸעöѹ
Ļ˳õĳĬΣſڵʱ䲻ˣ컹ҪУ˯ɡ˵꣬վ׼뿪ķ䡣
ڹҪ߳ʱͻȻֽס裬㡭
⣬˯ɡ衭ú롣
⿴ŹıӰá


32 
ڶһ磬ؾ˴
ߵǰԥһ£˷š
ЦЦˡ׼ȥ㡣ϽϴһԷɣȻϲȥվˡ
Źı飬Ļһ£󻺻˵ͷáȻתȥϴˡ
һϣûбֳʲô쳣ͺϣǲûĹ졣ⲻ֪ǲΪҪˣԼд̣ܰѧУȥʵķӦû취ġ
ˣҲڣ˵Ļ⡣
һֱе鶼׼ൽʱҪ뿪ʱ򣬹⣬ͻȻڣ⣬£һϼһϣҺûа취̹Ȼ˵ֵ֧Ļ
ԣ΢΢죬û̧ͷҲû˵
˵ģȻס
Լڶ֪ôܣô֧ء
ǣҲ֪ʵ£ԼҲܰɡ
ҧ촽Ȼû˵
ԣҲ˵ԵĻҲ֪ôģҲ֪ԺôѡЩ£ΨһģǲӸĸֻϣԺôôѡҪ£ҪԼѹڵ£һֱǿĵġֻЩ˵ҲûҪĻӦѻ˵֮󣬾ʹʰˡ
ŹĻʰöȻ˼š
֪ôԼ顣
ʵһֱúҡ
ҹκʱ򣬶ԼӲҪѹ
Ųص飬ųѧУȥˡ
ؼҵʱ˵Уʱˡ
ڳվڿʱĪľЩΡ
Ϊôãȴ˼ְɡ
ʵ·ϵʱҲ˼Ϊ̫ˣи಻еڴϾǲ֪ġ
ҲţԼӦԵԶһ㣬ҲԼܵˣ
ǣӸ濪ʼ˼ӦԼֵԶֲ⡣
Ϊ飬ԴӳվѧУһ·ϣⶼû˵һ仰
ߵλãü뿪ڣǿı飬ְҪ˵Ļȥ
ڿҪ³ʱʵ̲סˣͿ⣬ʲô
ţһʱЩ񣬱ûʲôӦһ֡
ܵЩһ飬ʲô
һ£ʶԼڵıжʧд˱ǸҲǹģҡ
⼫ǸӣЦЦҪûб˼ֻǺ棬ʲô
ûСȻ˵ô㻮ԷԽԽԶĻֻ˵һûСеȷԵ̫ܣֽһ䣬ŵʱ˵˼仰Щ
Ŷ˵ͷȻǸĵĻԼҲöʲôתƻȥֳ棬ʲôȤĿ𣿡
Ļ˼Ҳתֳϣһ治֪ҶʲôȤ˵ʵһûȥֳЩĿҲֻǼ棬ĸԼģǲһġ
˵Ż͵վˣһŵķһ£ʾ³Ȼ˱һ߳˵
Сʱûȥֳ𣿡
ҡҡͷǼڵĵطСʱûֳġֳʱҵѾͦˡѧҲҲʲôһȥ档ƽʱżٵʱ򣬴󲿷ʱ䶼ڼš
ǿ㻹ͦլġ
룬˵ʵҲɡҪҳȥ棬ʵһͦԸġ棬ҪиɰɡֻΪ˳ȥܶȥܡҸоûȤʵҪΪûʲôѰɡ
ʵҾԸûѵˡ
ҪǡҾһιϵάϵһлصĹ̰ɡ
ţ
룬ҡҡͷҲ˵
ؿ⣬Ȼ뵽ʲôڵҺٵʱûϵ㣬ԿѧʱͿʼһ𣿡
û뵽ô˵һ£ʲʲô
ЦЦҴžˡ
ʲôˣ
ѧʱһһֱ̫ףΪʲôܲң񻹶ҡԣʱǾã֮Ĺϵ𣿡
ԣšüôͻȻ˵ĵĻ⣬ôҲɣ
ЦЦѵΪʲôϵأҪ˵Ϊʵ顣
ǣȷΪʵ鰡Ҫһʵ飬ܲһֱ˵㲻ңֻȥˡ
⣬˵ͷе
ǲֳĵǲеԶ㲻ҪֻңأʲôȤĿ𣿡
룬ɽ֮İɡ
һ֮ǰһЩɽĳΪʲô
ҾãȻȥ԰ʲôˣӦΪ˷ɵġҪķɡܵЩ̼Ŀɡ
㲻ô̼ĿԺѹ𡣡
ʵҪ˵ġÿ˶ԷɵĶǲһģҪǿԼҶЩĿȤʵѡġ
Ե˵ͷе
ôһûһţתۼ䣬ͻصᡣ
ˡʰһ£ϢһɣҾˡ
Ÿյᣬ˻ûȫ׼뿪ˡ
Ļһ£ôʲô𣿼費ҪҰæҡ
ЦЦû֮ǰǸŵ¡糤е£Ҹ˵Ҫˣȥ
Ը˵һ÷ǵȥҵġ
˵Ҫȥġ֮ǰûͳɣνܲҲ˵ҲʲôҪ£ҲżյѧУǸϽʰʰúϢɡҴͲˣٹ㡣
ԣص˵ͷá
ЦЦ뿪ˡ
⿴ת߳ţ뿪֮󻺻ϣ;վԭأ춼ûһ¡
֪˶ãŻתʼʰԼ䡣
˰ɡ
롣
Զʲôģ˰ɡ
ԼԶ׿ԼЩͻȻðģ˼Ҳû취ԼĹϵԽԽԶ
ֻԼżѹǺõİɡ
٣Լٸദʱ򣬳ԼҲǿĵġ
ᵽѧʱ飬ԼʱĿԶҲеѹˡ
ҲǣԼǹϵҪõѣͻȻ֮俪ʼԶԼܶԷֵԻǲԣԼѹİɡ
ΪҲãԼҲԶ
뵽ЩЩ컵˼ȺúòţϣҪȥһúദ
ôţʰԼӣ׼ȺúõϢһ¡


33 
ڶһ磬һ죬ʹӴ
ԼõȺҲ쳬ġ𴲣ùͷϵֻһۣʱ仹ɣôˣ
һߣһ˵Ҫһȥ緹
쳬ԣɥǾôҪ𣿡
Ƴһۣ㲻ǸԼһ˵ôʲô
쳬һ£ЦЦŶԡ㲻Ҫ˵ǺҪǵģǾ֪ҪжԲԼġ
ԣ˵һ䣬𣿡
ǰ쳬ͷ˭֪ǹϵá
ЦǰǾǹϵá˵꣬Թϴȥˡ
ϴ֮󣬾Լλֻ
һϷûнžͱˡ
첽ߵűߣŶ˰
š߰ɣ
ͷ˵ָ꣬쳬˸𣬾뿪ᡣ
ԭǲ緹ģȴҪһ٣ϴξΪû緹ϲͷεģעһȽϺáǣ͸Լ緹
ѧУ緹Ʒֻͦȫģʲô͵ѧҵԼȤĶ
ʵʳ
ϻҪԼ𣿡
԰ɡͷ
ЦЦҼǵǸʶʱ緹ûôѾģôˣ
ԣҡҡͷҲ֪
ʵڲ̸緹⣬ת˻⣬ȥ棬ǿֿܻ
ԣһɻؿ
ЦϾϲⲻһһȻ˵һȥֳ棬ҲûҪһֱһϲģȻҪԼϲġҪһĴټϾˡ
˵ͷе
㵽ʱҪʲô͵ģ
ţ
˵ҪҪһ𣿡
һȽϴ̼Ļ𣿡
ô˵
룬ҲаɡҲûȥʱ򣬾İš
ЦЦãϣҲʧ
ʧʧǲ֪Լͦĵġ
˵ǵһֳʵֳĿ˵˵ڡǰܹ
ˣڹɽӹ˳ȥʱ⻹Ǿһµġ
ϣⲻԱתͷҲ֪ûԼոʶһС
ʱЦɣ
룬Сûôֲ
ʵʱ򣬴ҶںܶĿ־жġȥÿ£ҿܲаɡǶô£ҿҲɡ󲿷ֿܶ뷨˸ǲһģԶһµĳҲǲһģԣ˺µģ£Ҳܲ£ҪԼ˲֪
ԣĬƬ̣Ȼ飬Լȥһ𣿡
⣬ҡҡͷЩԳԣЩ飬֮ʲôҲ֪ҾɵĺҳܲˣҿԸʲô
𣿡
Ҳɡǣôأ˲һһ˳Ҳʲô鶼ڡΨһģҿɽܵķΧڣ¡ں¡ȵ˵ɡ
Ļˣֺû
ǲܶ˻û֮ľ룬Ȼ͹ȥһҲûǰһ
͵ⶼһӵʱյˡ
ƣ磬ζСݣҼǵ׼ʱ
ȥֳ죬쳬ŷǾ˾ȻȺûУǱĸ˸Ⱥиۺ֪ͨ
Ǹ壬ǴұԼգٺúõľһΡ
磬¿һÿΣԾû취һԼĵصȥˡ
ѧʱһ۽ϽǵӱȻóֻ¸Ϣǵ
ֻϢչȥĻظ͹ˣǰĶˣǻû¿ΰɣ
⣺ӣһξ
żͺãֲǰʱշѵ
⣺հôǵ
Ըȣһ
⿴ϢﲻԾЦκϿΣֻԼҪų
ڰ˷ѧʱ䣬쳬˵һҲˣԼİͳ˽ҡ
쳬ߣĶһ£ôôżżȥ𣿡
쳬һǰµǾ䣬ˡζ㶵˵ܰɡ
ⲻ֪ԼһܣܳڼУֻһ·СűԼõĵطȻſڿ
ܵǰôŰ
ЦЦҾ;ܻżܹ˵˲żԼôۡ
ЦҹգҲһżĻᡣ
΢΢üͷҲԡ
ȻҲ˵ſڵȵȺȺˣֱӽ˵
ֵһ쳬һŸ˹
쳬һţͿ⣬˵ǲ֪ܵж죬СƵģһת˾Ͳˡ
лǺԣ뿪Ц˼ҹⲻ˼Ǿ͵ȣǼλүһ
лǺĻ쳬ɴ۾Ǻҽûɡ
лǺ˵ЦŴϵˣɡʵҸͷҾһۡ
һȺ˵Ц
м쳬ǼӼϷЩ˳˼֣Щͱˡ
˵ģʵ˵ǸգҲҸͷһһۣԸһʱ򣬼˺ȵøˣ㿪ʼϺ
ⲻ̫ܺȾƣҲ֪ǷŻˣҲûΪѵˡЦЦֵ֣ûôע⵽ߣͰλϽ˳
˾һ˰ᣬԱһ¶ƽ̨վš
վ֮⣬ôˣ
ЩΣ㲻Ҫÿζô׼Ҷû˼
ԣ˵ͷϵãҳʲô
֮ϣľԿǸ޸ʲôרҵ
⿴̾˿ȻóԼ׼õտ֡
ӹллҿڿ𣿡
룬԰ɡҲʲôصĶ
ˡ
һ16KֽһɵСӡ
̧ͷһۣȻҳ֮Сͷβһ¡
һֻĶ
ݡ֮ǰһʵĳ
ͦªģҲûʲô⣬ö˶һģҲ˵ҹ˰ɡ
ʲôʱʼģ
죬һڼҵʱɡ
һʱúãȻҲʹࡣ
˵ģƺÿһ춼ˡ
Ǿѹ뵽һ󲻾þգΪ֪˵δôεһЩ׼
ò˵Ƕʱ䣬ƺֻлЩʱĲƽġ
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ɡҲ֮һ
أ
⣿ǡһȥ
ı顣֪ʵ˵ѣ£˵ĵǼ٣ҲûôҪˡ
˵ͷٿ˵ʲôƽ̨һߴһŭģΪʲôңţǡ顱һ
Ϊ̫Ϥû취͵û˶һۣ㳯ķ˹ȥ


34 
⳯ķ߹ȥȻ˶ڵϵлǺԼ߲Զֻ
ߵлǺߣļ򣬡Ǻôˣ
лǺ̧ͷŷ֣лǺȻˡ
ΪʲôҰ
΢΢һü˭㣿
лǺȴûһջߣֱֱؿǰΪʲôҰ
⿴˿лǺֿлǺֻ߹ȥȻСĵߵߣǺôˣ
ҡҡͷӹлǺֻһۡ
ãȻˣǿõġ
лǺһۣͨ¼ǰ漸һûбעĵ绰룬ûͨмʮмżͨģͨʱ̡ܶ
ԥһ£벦˹ȥ
ԭûŵ绰ܽͨÿã绰ͽͨˡŶԷ˵ʲôһӹȥˣԷһҲûзлǺһֿۣһۣԥһ£ѵ绰ݸлǺǺ
лǺתͷһֻĻЦһֻŴ򿪣ôһߣ˵ûֻǾҴ÷ˣŽӹȥȻһ߷šܲǷţῪŹţ˶Ц߷裡ΪʲôΪʲôʲô˵׷ʲô¸һлǺô˵˵ţֿʼ߹ȥлǺĵ绰ҶϣһؿǺ˭ǲ֮ǰǸˣ
лǺ̧ͷֿ⣬ջߣΪʲôʲô˵¸ҵôˡֲ
߹ȥקлǺĸ첲קǺһ㣡Ϊ˲ֵã
Ȼ֪ʲôǿлǺӣҲһǣǺ㡭
лǺĻֿı飬֪Ҷ֪ʵ;ֻ֪ҲģҺòġ֮ǰҵģҹҺȥ˵Ҫһ𡭡ҵʱֻǾ˵ģŸ˵Ȳãϲҵʱһ𡭡Ϊʲô˵ʧʧءҲġĲġ
лǺĻ̾˿˵ǺȶˣȻȥϢɡ˵꣬ʾһ£˾һһңȰлǺ˰
лǺҲѾˣԻصҲû֡
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⣬ȥ
ҡҡͷȥ鷳ģ˵ҲԶ˵ţֿһʱ䣬ڻգҾٸ˵һտ֡
ЦЦллҺܸˡҲϲ
ϲͺá
΢΢ͷȻ̧ͷ׼˵ʲôлǺͻȻͽһ
һлǺķһۡ
⣬Ǻĺѹ
̾˿ɡҸʶôãǵһο
Ϊ𣿡
µˣ
ͦԵġ
˵ͷǰɡԸ飬ĺܸӡѡ֮ǰһҪ֪ԼҪʲô
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ĬƬ̣һûá
˵ͷ
أ
֮ǰΪ֪ھãһҲûá
⣬Ȼ̧֣ͷϿȥɡ·ע㡣ᣬǸҷϢ
á
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֮лǺͺʲôûһǸһ棬һֻ֡ǳԼõļʣµʱ䣬ôԸš
ÿ뿪ᣬǻصʱлǺһڴϡ
죬׼ŵʱ򣬿ڴϵлǺĬƬ̣ǿڵǺ컹Ҫһֱ𣿡
лǺĻЦЦ˵ʵҲˣһͳȥһΡĲ̫ҡ
ԣ˵ͷҪԸǡ
ģġ
˵꣬뿪ᡣ
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룬ô˵ҲС
ЦЦǾҲϣԼ尡û˵
ǴţҾǹ뷴һɡ
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ЦЦðɡҽܡ
ǣ˱˵ţЦţʵҡ
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ѧڵ
ʵлǺΪҳ
ᵽ̵һ·ҲлǺҳԭ
ڴУ԰ٴǸˣȴֺǸˡ
Ϊ֪ԣֻѡӱܡ
ӱܲǰ취
лǺ֪ԣˡ
תôãûǸˡ
лǺ롣
ʵҰ֮ϵ̫ˡ
ϾȥôãУ԰żĴ޼ôôɣһξء
лǺôţһ綯Լʻ
лǺûп̧ͷķ򿴹ȥȻܿǸһŮӡ
֮⣬лǺҲûжע̧ͷԼķȥˡ


35 
ʵ֮󣬵·Ե·Ѿˡ
ӼԼļһЩ
ˣ
ͷһۣЦЦáǸոճƶʱ䣬ȽϽšʵöˡ
ҲǣϾЩ̫Сˣ㣬ܻܴ󡣡
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Χڡֽϵģ
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á
ˡ
עⰲȫ

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ܣ˵УķʽദѾԼĿˡ
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лǺĬƬ̣Żڵ졭ҿˡ
û˵˭Ҳ֪лǺ˵˭
΢΢üûпڡ
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лǺĻһüͷŮѣ
ǰлǺ˵ͷŮѡ
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һֱϲϲȡ֣ˡֻΪϸһҾûаȫСֻҪԸһܿҾʲôġһֱᡣԸһȴ˯ҡҾôڷǲһ࡭ȻĪĲˣֲΪʲôʵ˽ҲͻȻʶʵһˣҲ᳤õġϲŮҲûаҡͦõġҾãҿЩͦõģҾͿԳ׵أˡ
лǺ˵Щʱûвһ仰ֻǰվһš
Ҳ֪лǺʱ򣬾ֻиˣЩ˵
˵ˣĿԷˡ
лǺĻĻֻлǺ˸УǾ䡰һˣҲ᳤õġϲŮԺвϵظţôҲͣ

ȥһദ
һԷʵ飬дҵżһϿΣ϶ԷĿΡ
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Ĳһڣȥƺûô֫Ӵżյˣͷûͷ
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ıʼ̹ãǲΪԼйŻĸܡ
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СѧڽҪٵǰ죬պգ˱ô˻ᣬԼǰúþһۡ
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ŵķ򣬱ջߣû˵
Ĺϵֹǰʱ䣬һлǺС
СѧڿʼлǺִӳףת˳ܵ״̬
Ǹ֮ǰһлǺÿγţĺ̹ȻǺܺԼһѧϰǸԼһʵ顣Դˣ쳬ǵǱʾǳ֧֡
ǡϵİɣҲ̫죬֪ѧϰУҲͦʵġÿʵʱ򣬺Źʵ飬ѧ㶼˵Сǰ;سɴˣҸʡˡ
Ȼ֪лǺʲôǿһΪҲãҲգοġ
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ص㻹ǣ⼴ա
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ٳŵʱ룬ǸⷢһϢ
е£Ͳ緹ˣ¿֮ȥ㡣
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Ϣʰöȥˡ


36 
ϣһ˴Լõķ꣬׼һա
ʵѡʮ㡣
һ㣬˶˹ʶ
϶ᡣʵڲУҾͲȥ¡
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Ҳܹͨ飬ԼɱѧôԼأ
ڷϣϵ⡣
⣬ФֵĽͣϾһ˶ϳĿ˫˵ʶкܸߵҪϲģͲʺϲμĿˡ۲ĿûʲôҪˡ
ǣƽʱҲ򰡡
ûȹ˵꣬쳬ͼʱĴʩԼԼԼѧʵͽˣҲûôˣʱټԼŴ򡣽Ǹգôô࡭
Դˣ⵹ûʲô෴Ŵһ죬Ǻܿĵġ
˵˵ЦЦԳԺȺȣʱʮ㣬Ȼұֽһ
衣
˰֮һ˿ߵһɳϡ
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KTVķΧ£ԼݺһأЦݣԼˡ
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ڸոճԷʱͺЩƣһͻȻЩȻˡԭڿмĳɳΧ˿ԱߣȻԱˡ
£۲һı飬ЦЦ˺һˣôоøˡ
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Цţ׼˵ʲôͻȻ˿Ȼֱ̧סһ첲ʼЦ
⿿ʱ˽һ£Ϊ˲ⷢԼ쳣ķӦɫԱһ£ôˣ
ܵĶΪͷһü߿˿ͷΡ
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֪Լ˼ԾԼĺúܻ졣
ôվһҲԼȻת׼صᡣ
ջͷͿվ⡣


37 
һãȻ⣬ǣôˣ
أôҲˣܵˡ
΢΢Ƭ̣Ȼеƣͳ͸͸
۲ı飬鲻ã
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ĪƵģܲ
ǣΪʲôء
ԼҲ˵
ܣ룬˸ɣʹ˰ɡ

Щʵڲ˵ˣҲô˵Լ
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ЦЦûٿڡ
⿴컹ûKTVĴƶͨԱչϣͺڷ⡣
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ԼĻĺ֪Լ˵Ķġ
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