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1.   1    ̫

ɫǧƣ͵֣Ⱥɽ϶룬ɽ̨ͤԷ֪ɾ
еɽͨ屻ʹ֡еɽԶ۶սĸоеɽ⵴ϼ⣬еɽɫͣˢա

վڸߴᷢؾͷƺȺɽ㣬ͷ

̫񹬡

ɾƵĵطǺܰġ
ǽ졣

𡪡
ѩƺǧϼĲ𽱳ž¹ǰչɡͷ׵ţųͬһϡ
̤ŷɽˣǰһ

̫ѡʥʥŮӡµʥӻ˵ʥŮڽյ԰˻еĸ˹Ա㼰ʱء

Ƿ塣
걻Ũֵѩɽ塣

һͭߵŮӾɽۣʱǷ廹Ҫ

ƺ֮ۺѩҲƮŮӵӰûа˿̻ʱ˷ȥ

þǰĽƺ鲻Ʊǰƽ

ոĶᵽඦȻҲȱϯΪ˱ʾ̫񹬵𾴣ඦΣǵඦĵǡˡ

ˡ

һ뵽֣еָ

ǷɽϻŮЩŮʱʱǰ͵һۡ

ǵķ˶Ǵڳ취£ףһ˿¶ȹǷʦģҲǵһο¶ȹ

ڸŮ˴˽ô˵

Ҽ˲ƺûиˡ޳ϸѩӨףƯþˡ

ҼҲûС

̫ˣЩ𶾸û𣿡

չ˷ô꣬ǼۿС

սŵС˵һֻݵСӣ÷ǳʵֲô˵
ǶΪʲôһСҪӣźԡʱˡ

ժߣժף·Сȫ鲼ĺɫƤУһӾˣէۿȥֲܻ
ʱû׼˶ᵹһ

ԭȣڵķ̥ǡ

תŮܿĿ⣬ȫץš

΢΢һ١

ˡŮŵ÷׷׷

ްɡʯ䣬Ҳź

Ůʵں棬ǰջ𶾳װγҲȫˡ

еŮѯʣΪλߣѵϻ

Լŵıͭߣ
ǰ˼ߣҲһֱţ߶˵ǵڶʹϵĸҲȥҲȻϰժ¡

Ůûд𻰣ͷģصͷ

Ƿøžˡ

ա
һͷɫ¹̤ͷ䵽Ƿϣز̤ڵ渲ǵı˪ºü÷Сӡ

ˣʱˣǲǸóȥԫˡŮСѡ

ͷ¹һ˫¹ۣ̤㣬費ͣƺģϡ档

ָ֣ḧ˸ƤëỬʡͭ£˭Ҳı顣
¹˷

߰ɡ

.
ɫ¹裬㱼̤Ųգڳɽ䡣

ɫ¹ԣס˸߿Ŀ硣ӹĤ͸ģֻʵ΢磬Ա͸

ʱԫǰ

Ӹ߿ȥԫǶȺɽԴеһ鷽ΰ壬̳ɵ̨Ũñˡ

ܶѾиŸǰصģ̫ԼĵӣҲиʮˡЩų̤̂ŷзޣΧһȦ

˺ܶࡣ
ûпѰңҲһȺпˡǸٷڰɫ귨ϣ·Դâˡ

Ҳͬģ˻귨ϵһˡ

Ůӣڻ귨˯ŽţȴԴףԵϥĿ붨һ۷ڷɽŮϣǡǡס⡣

ŮǷɽŮ踥

ֻһۡ

ඦ໥£ɽŮҫЦȼյĵ¯Ѫʬ޴ʹ࡭ǰм䶼Х  

˿ת˲ջߡ

ԺϢʧ

Ŀ֮£ɫ¹㱼̤Ӹ߿䡣
͵̨Ϻɫ¹˲תͷ뿪

̨ľͷһɺ޵­ǴɵӴžԶĲϢѡʥӻʥŮվϣϴ빩

Ŀóᶨ

Ჽһȥ

ʣµľѡѾȫˣ֣ѡ˵˲ȫͶ˹һӵĿ⼯ϡ

һֱǷ壬ٳǰǳأ˴λǵһμλĵ״ӡ

ʹǵ״ӣҲá

ˡˡ
ǵͷȻʮӴͭӡ
ͭÿһȶ꣬˿̲βƼ䣬֮䣬ԡԵʮѡһе񾲣ӯ

ˡ
ſռ䷢֮ȻʮɽӴӰҪӲܿȫò

ⷨ
ǶԷ׹ҪǣΪǵΪߣϵ٣ֱ



λϣ
ʮѡ˹Źϵľ

̫񹬹һ˶ɿƵվ

ͷŹһ˰ⷨ

˵ɣ֪ӣɴ⣬֮ӦøֲΪϾѾ޷ȵĴڣǷʱ俴þҲԴʹܣֱ̫

ϹâŤ
Ĵһ𱻴Ŀâ֣޷ӵΡӰʦҲǰ˻Ψһһλǡ

̨⣬ĳֶ֣Ⱥ΢΢ĻȻ궯

ʿעųɽ޴ӰнǶԴĤݡ
ǧ˻оֻôһǻŵĴ棬ʿҪʵԽĴɽ

ȴ˵ķӦΪƽӦ˵Ǻ޷ӦԼͽûж˶˵һֱ֣ӵĮڡ
ѡʽʼ




2.   2    ʥŮ


䣬ϵĺ­ǾȻ

кѡ˾ĿУ­ſ죬һ뵲ɫϼĳʱʮʥʥŮѡ˶ŨϼС

ϼ֮ееڼ任մأΧľ󣬶˷츲صı仯һþ͡ 

ϣ˫Ŀ棬͸Ũϼ⣬۵ضľ

ҪΪ̫񹬵ʥӻʥŮԡԡǱԼʵսȱһɡ
ΪЩѡؿ飬ʱ˵ʵᱻѹһˮƽ
ʤΪŮʥŮʤΪУʥӡ

ʱ
̨ŨϼɢȥȾѪͭѪ߰ߣ嵭ԭء
ΧѪʣµľѡ˽ѪУ˻ԡ 

Įϸһ΢Ц
ָ㣬ϵѪϵѪ˲ɸɾ

ͷ衣

ǱͿټϷ󣬵ͷʱֱڸϡ


ǳ֣ع

ߵ롣

ŵվһ̫񹬵ĵǳ̨Ѿ˴ĺѡ˴ȥˡ

ʮͭӷ߲εԫ̨ϾƣǰصȺڳС

ҿŸվڹϵʮʧ

ǰΪܹ̫ʥʥŮѡʱļս̫񹬸ղžϣǸղžӲʱʲôû

һε̫ʥŮȻߣݶ¶

ι֪λʥŮΪҪߣȺУʿԱߵĻʿ

ǡ֪ôװ׸ôʿĿбӵؿŹָȴ΢΢䣬ʾԷʯ

ʮʯһϢʿ֣ʯŲʿ

ܴƤͳʮʯҲǲףаɣҸ˵λʥŮòޱȣʾˣΪڳ󡣡ʿƶ

ޱȣļٵģ̫ôѡһޱȵʥŮ

ʥŮ֮ĶΪһڵ棬ڰ˻ߵġȻûϹ涨ʥʥŮʵòҲϼѡ
ͱѩʥŮǰ˻عϵĵһˡ

˭츳ǿǵ״ءʿĽص̾

ô̸ʱȫ̱µؿǰûа˿̫񹬵˷ڸ̡

ǣ̨Χ۵ĸʿҲˣһȫעؿŹֻ˽ﴫ˵ǾͲö֪ˡ

̫񹬹̧˫֣΢΢һѹ
β𵴣ʱڴʿҲֹͣؼžֻʣ·

ӭλԶǰأдܣ¡
λ̫񹬵ǧ߰һʥŮѳ

ٻӣлض𵴡صԫ̨ÿһ˶УҲ쳹̫񹬡

ռʮ̫񹬣ʱڽɨūͣڱԵɽŵӣǹ׵ĵصķˣ񹬹׷ͣж̧ͷ

裬Ϊ̫񹬵ǧ߰һʥŮأڣˣ˻أʮ
񹬹ƴͬӴ죬ϡÿһֶεعУϡ

Ƶصȥ
һֳĿľ޴̫ȻԹ
̫ʮأͬʮｮԿ־޴İɫ̫Ѹ¡
֪ǵ̫ѡµʥŮˣµʥŮˡ

ˡ
ٴŤ

̫񹬹ȻһССĽɫţŤѹһɢ޾Ϣ
иֳȵĽ

ǡ̫ľ֡
̫ʥʥŮܻõĴУֻҪ;䣬۵ɾ߼ֱˮ֮£ڴϣν·̹;

ḧͷ
ɫûڡ

õֺ󣬡̫µľĴӹļ䣬˲̫İ塣

̫񹬹֣λǡ
ʦæȼ档

Ҫ̤У뷲̥Ҫȼ档޷Լȼֻ˰æ
˻ߵ޽һᣬ֪ͨԷʦһʦ棬˲ɲ֡

ָ̧⡣
һ⻯ɵĻգƮĵ
һ˲оȫȼˡ

˫ĿĬĬС̫ȥȼ档ҪȼʱʴѩȻ궯һѩɫȻͳǵǵںһ

䣡
ڵĵһ汻׵ȼ
ʱжѾˣ費֪ʴѩͻΪһʲô䣬ֻĬ̫ģȼһ档

һȼھ֧ȫ飬һɫ麣

ϣۼһӴУƵ˷ͷˮԴԴûĵ
ǵССɫ麣𽥱㼯ġޱȣӿϸкڻصȣ̫ľġ
һ麣

Ƶ麣ȣͬ𱩷ĺ󣬲ϵزηڡ
Ĭģѹ麣

֪ʱѾѩɫٲƵī϶ѩɫ

ϵͭһ㱻ڡ

ֱ¶ݡ

覵վɺľ޶ѳɵĹϣͷһֺƴ̫صʥʣѩɫȼգ飬ʱ}

ԫ΢΢žٴλȻ

ȺУʿĻʿĸ첲ض˴ƭң㻹ʯʿֺŶԷҡΡ

ʿûָ˿㶵ŹԼĴ﷨⿪ĵϣʾ֡
ʦϣһˣ

ܿĽֱɾš

ѩɫֲȶȱƵòַ

ʴѩ𣬷ٶš
ʥ˶Ĵڣһ֣Χ̫񹬹ǵķֵɻ𣬸˵ˡ

˻ˣ̫񹬵ӣʮĻ׹壬׷׼ֲ

ȵôԶҲմҵķ£ʿŵ߲硣

֪
ҵķˣ
ǿˣ

ʵǿ˻ãֻǷ±ٻЩʵ͵ģɹϵ˾Ͳˣյʹ಻þ취˲ϵĻ
Һ̫񹬵ĳǷ׷׼ʱ֣æϨϵĻ𣬻˸ο

麣еľԽԽƴԽԽͬͬʱѩɫƵ麣ɿ񱩱ƽ
ľȻֹ

˫

ϵĻ֮һʧ

ͷԼЬѾٵʧ٣õķҲٳɻҽԼվڹ̨ϣٲ˿кף˿˿ƮΨʦȹõġ

ڵشԼϣİĴС

ִ̧ŷԼͭ߱ˡ

ˣݵһκڵر¶ǰ 

˿Ŀ⾹ǿ־ӱܣǾ޺̾

ˡһͬˡ

軺սơ

ôһܲŻ˵أ




3.   3    ľޱϵľڻ

Ϊ̫񹬵ʥŮܵõ̫УڴҲǷ츲ء

Ӵ

ԭֻһɽ壬ɽǨɴ֣ܳʹɽĹɽøΡ뿡㡣⣬ɽ´ľ滨ݶ칦Чݡ
ɽΪɽԭɽΪ塣

ֱŮ
ÿʥʥŮ߶ߣƸĳӣʥʥŮһӦ  

ŮʥŮ֮ǰѡģòʵʣԣϼѣ֮Ů
ǽ޽ԼӴ˺껹ģֻ

Ӵ
Ůϥ¹

ӹǸɫӡ

ߡ
Ů˵УѩǱǷ΢΢ߵ
СӦлӴ

Ͷһˣ筴

筴лӴ

ò̫飬̫ĮģټݣɱɱŮʮ־нͻǵ˲ϲС

졣
лӡСл

裺
ĸһ˫ʰ鶯ȩۣ̀ͷ۾һ䣬¶õЦݣ˵
лӴӣ

ŵЦ
ܺá
ϲнŮ

ޣ򼤶΢΢죬촽ԼģЩ

˶٣ʣʶඦĵ𣿡

˶񣬿ڳūʶ

裺Ҫ㣬š

һ㶡
֪ǵʥŮඦĵʲô𣬵ΪĹϵϢʮͨǰһ֪˲֪Ϣ

ôʣֽЩ飬ӲͷƤ˵ǣū˵λѾ뿪ˡ˵ǺͷɽŮЯ뿪ġ

΢͡

ԭأĬ˺ܾãĿ͸ӿƺңԶգ˫Ե

֪ˡ
ɢڱУ翲š

.
ȻʥŮѾصҲѾ̫񹬵ĽȻַǷ
˻ص˴Զô཮춼ԲԼҪǣ̫˱ò󣬲Ը뿪̫񹬡ǾĿȸķ£ޣŷзεһڴż

ֹˣ̫񹬵Ҳ궯
̫񹬵ʥŮ
һֵ֣ѹѩʥŮͷɽŮʣ˻صһ˵ͷҪ̫񹬵ʥŮˣ

̫񹬵ɣ⼸۵Ķй£䷳˵ʢҲټһǵʥŮ
κӼһǷͲˣץԴҲ޿κΡֻɽΧתƼȦʥŮ

ֱһºȵ״̬ˡ

ڸ
кȻһϤĵĮ

衣

˫ۣĬʦ𣿡
ңҾӴ

͸ͫʸֵĳ֮ɫ
֪ʦסںδ
ʦͽ˽ǳǵķֱӽٵǷ塣ľӴǸܣ̫񹬹֪ľӴġ

δѯʣһȻǰСǡǡãһͨ

΢

Χˮ˽ȥ

ѺۣӭһƬĿѩס
һ硣
ãκα߼ʣȥİãĶëѩƮƮƮ䣬ڽµıԭϡ

Ǳԭ

ͷһ
ȹĵطѩ¶һǱɫ
ƺվһƬűǵıɫ档

ŵʲôڶǵµĺˮĳȻ﷭Լˮ죬ľޱϵľڻ±ǡ

΢ݡ

ܸоµǶʱƿǣɽ

ǰһŤһʤѩԵӰǰ
ûпݣ۾̰ʹźһ麣𵴣üҪѳ

߲ⷨǵ
ľʱס꣬ղһۣѾˡ

񣺡ˣ

Ҳⲻͬû򣬾̶ĸ֣һ쵹˫ֻۣϣʦ˵ˣǡ

ǿ
·ڱĳǿѹסֺһ
еͷϱʲôƮƮĲסˡ
˲ĸоʧ٣̨һƬ̧ͷһ޴

۾ǰһƬڡ

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跢Լ겻Ȼ鷽áδѯֺⷽ;죬оԼ䱻ǣ

ʱӲ
ʦ𣿡

û˵ǣǰߡ
ᣬµĺȴ˿ѣֻɶԷǣڱѩС

һ
岽֮һط

΢˺紵ɽŵŨˮζԼƢƺһɽС
ǸոմĵطһƬƽԭƵĺ棬ɽӰ岽ߵһɽ

ǡɴͨ
Ŀ΢

䣺Ьࡣ

ͨһ㶣£˫΢΢

ҲС
ǵеЦ⡣
ǰ̤һȪأȥɡ

Ȼһ
룬Ьӣǰ̤ء

شһߵܺɵվš
ز֪װʲôҺ˱ǣк޾˳ë룬üӴѩɫ麣С

ǿһ۹Թվеͽ˸λ£޳ִ䣬һ쾫Ѫָž䵽С

Ƭضҫۺâһ˲
оȻȿֺ꣬ƤѪҺ衢꣬ѪҺգÿ꣬ڱҽ

һ̡
˵ţָһѪ䡣

ʹӾҡ 
ǳˣѾﰧ̬ٳˡСܼڵʴѩմʹ
ֻǱ۾ûй¶һ˿

ϣ͸衣ʪĲͣĽëϵ亹ˮ򢣬Լ԰׵ûһ˿ѪɫݣĬƬ̵Ҫ̵þһЩ

ʹǣʦ𡣡

һºǲɽɽһǧٳΪʥŮ̫ǰȥأ·Ҫ򡣡
˴ҲΪʥŮĵһл߸󡣡
龳̫Ҳġ

һ
ллʦ𡣡Ҫء




4.   4    걻Ϊ


ǰඦ
ʱʦʣֻ޾⡣
ǰʦඦĴ֮һ߸ŵӡ
ĮԽͽܣڵչ¶˳ڳ˵츳Ҳֻǽʦţ˰ʦʱֹһΣû¶档

ڶμǵλʦΪʴѩ
ȻŲϵĿ̰һ˫˫ȴþˣԿƵļϲ롭̰

λʦͶ¯С
ѪһʴѩĻԵԣתֵԼڡ
ڶܾĥαȥһϢֻʣһ
λʦΪѾ¯ǲ鿴ʱץסᣬʴѩȻͬǸʦճɻҽ

šඦΧˣ뵶Σҹҹܹι֮ʹ

ԭΪԼˡ
֪º󣬲ϧŶԿֱʥֱɱϵΣ̤һ߿ߵʬ壬˳
գĵ涼Ǻġ

֮ӵ̫񹬵Ľ
Դ˵ڣֻСŸ̫£רΪ̫񹬵ĵṩҩ
̫񹬵ĵӴ򽻵ˣ֪˺ܶĹ¡
֪ʥ˴УȴΪͬţԸܴеĻᡣ

һΣûඦƤסʴѩ𣬸ΪʦΪܳͷ

һѡ
ඦһʴѩ
뾡취£Ψһĵӡ

Ӯˡ

ֻû뵽ڵʦôá
뷽跨Ѱĵر𶾣ʴѩ𳹵׺Ϊһ壬˹ػ·Σգ԰Ϊ  

ǰʦʶȱڣ𽥱ůϡʦŲݵҲһʤѩӰȡ

ʦ𡭡

ɤɽۻ겻ıѩȪˮ£

סʹӳݷѵûʲôֻ뻽һˡ

΢΢һЦ۵׸
ţΪʦ֪ˡ

ڣѩɫ麣䵽һ絽˵ĳ̶ȡ
ɾɵļ̨麣Ͽո֣麣ŭţͬŭĺľޣ𵴡
ģ麣Ͽ뵳ɫ麣бʡ

ʼԼ麣

֪˶ã麣ᴿԭеİ֮һСССģȴžޱȵϢʵ顣
˼龳۷塣

ʹˣ軺۾ȻֲʵСû뵽һǰھȻ龳۷塣

ǣ
Һߵϡ

ҪʱȻһС޳Ө׵ָ̽ײԼͷϵķ˿

˲һƬ



ѨУһ˫Ŀ΢һУ°΢˾һϯѩ£ʱƺ΢΢̡

ڿ˳ǵݡ
庮ݣüĿ续ΪĹϵīɢڼͷŵ㵭

˻
걻Ϊ˵ƺŵ˶ˣű˳Ϊ

õݶ𵴡
·Ŀ̫˫Ŀʹ̣̲סۣüʹš

ǣۡ
ǿԼ˫ۡ

𵴵øΪҡ

оԼܵʱһָָüġ
˲üӿһ

ƽЩ

Ȼʶʦڶǿȣҧؼ֡

˲֪˶ãʶЩ𵴵ģʱϴһ̾ȥɡ

𵴵ĸӾңصѿһѷ죬һӵ˽ȥ


Һһ䵽ϡ

ʪԼѾصǷ壬վԼĸڡŮܰƺûһ˷ղŲ
ϵҺɢζ䷿䱻ҺʪղһҺһôࡣ
֪Һ룬˵ռС

˿ԼŵĽţ֪ط֣ԼƺЬʦˡ



˳ȥɽӣ轫ǰȥɽ
ߣ筴ʧ䲻ѣǿסĽͷ£Ұй¶˿

ȸԾ
ϲã֪ǵʥŮϲӴһЩū澣Լϲ⣬һ˫èЦллӣ 

⡣
ȵľ޷ԿǷŨʱӿ̲ס£ͷ˲串ϱӡ 

ٲϣߴӺһסɫذһöУ·õһӦƷˣúźӡ

筴ߣϵһöָңϲȵ裬ǵ·ݸӺȡ

ժͷϵķΣһ仰Ҳû˵

úãҶˡ
ͷһԵȫ£żҴҵСܳţ׷ȥ

߳⣬ããǱǷһжУߴľ᾵ɽʯɨˣЩĲŮ֡

ܿ׷ǸӰ
Ųһ

ꡢꡣ
ʱĺ˪һɵĴ졣

ܶʲôʱÿڣʲôʱָóĬһ·žغߵɽԺ˵
ӣôȥ𣿡

һһֻаƴģ侫Сɵͭ㳵Ȼġ

ֱۣǡ

һףͭ㳵ɽԵƺУû׹䣬ͣƺϿգӭ籩ǣգ۱䱩ǵñͭ㳵󣬿ģʮࡣ

ͭ㳵ĳϵ˸޵ͼзţޣа¹ÿһͷɢϢɢʵҪӳƵġ

þ̾ѡ

ſյĳͷЩɻ⳵ãûԼޣǸʲôأ
飺ӣһͷȸɣ

裺á
ָһڳϡ

Ȼܳ⣬һһյľ죬û޻˳ͭ㳵ǰ档

ǰŵͭ㳵
̫ܳ񹬹ĺ񣬽տ·ܲԱķзˡ

߰ɡ
żһ㣬ӽͭ㳵ڡ 

ڵ˼龳Ѿշˣֻ÷̫ûзз㡣

˷ܵӦ

ͭ㳵Զȥ

翵Ƿ嶥ŮɨūͽͷǵʥŮȥ

.
ͭ㳵ȫ硣
ƽǴһֹķڣһûУоһٱ۵Ļ˳ڲ
ΧǼӲͭڣտյģȡ桢輸źΧһӱů

ϣĿ
һ裬֮ڲ輸ϣűЩʴӡ

鲻ԽƮϣһѺ̵תߣ񱻹ķɳ棬鲻ԽƮȥ֮ɴ۾
ʵ̫ÿˣ治

񡣡
˫Ŀأڡ

ŵͷƤһ飬˸飺ǣӣ
ٷǿԼ״̬

ͭ㳵ڳ׳һһͷ·Ϊܵһϣɢʹԡ




5.   5    ͭ㳵ױ

ͷӴĻƺдС

֪˶·ڵĹ߽

˸һССĴĹŴ𡣻谵ĳڶʱĹâ⡣

˫ۡ
͸Ŵ϶һɫȻ輸ϵ裬ǳǳһڡ
豭ײкµС󣬹ôãˮȻڡ

붨һèۣ鲻ӣǲǳˣ

裺ûС

֪費ǻѰοӣ˵ûоûУʱһӣҸоǿ쵽ˣ

΢΢ףʱǲࡣ

ҳȥȷһ°ɣ

û嵭Сġ

õɺͶ鰺̴㳵ĳš

⳵з編󣬴򿪳źһܺĹĤûԥֱĤ
ȻͷĿˡ
ķҪöö࣬ͷ˷ٶȼ죬񱩵غХԴԴϴĳϣ㳵÷⡣  

һڡ
ͷ˿εƵϣ˻һֻ.ɵ˵±è
ӣǵ߾ˣôӲûԼͨ۾յ˵

贽Ϸһ˿Ц  

һЦʹִ˴ԼͮͮøղűεֵȻʥŮЦˡ
ϲ֮࣬ղſģǰһƣڴ׵ӡ
ûãһ¡¡

΢Ѿȥˡ

¡¡
һ죬İɫ׹Ŵ϶͸ӳ˵ӡ

ͭ㳵ױ

飡
һƵ׵ͭ㳵ϣܳ΢һ¡

ͣ·Ĭ
ͷ˼Ԧͭ㳵ƿȥ

˳һƬ

Ƭ½зٵĹȣǿʢţȴǱռݣټ

Ļ
¡
Χȫǻ˥ݣϥǸߣԶżȻ׹ӳ£ڲݴͶһצӰӡ

ûͭ
һʱͷţԭеͷˣɫڳǰ
ųſݲݣˮžžǰܡ

ͭԵ˫ȴ䣬һ˫èһգգҹĻţ鶯

ˮͣ䡣
𵭵⣬ˮ޷ʪֺ
ĵز޷Ԥ֪Σգһ̾ʲôδ֪޴˥ݴȻܳ˾衣

˰죬Ұһͷû֣ǷһĴӡ

ӣиӰ
־ϲػͷԳ˵

ִ򿪳ţĿ⴩͸ĻҹĻԵĴ䡣

ǸСĴӡ
ȫʯѳɡ
Ӳ̫ߣҹɫ̫ŵĹϵ׹£شĵĴ޶Եùɭɭ

΢
ҹУƺŵһ˿Ѫζ

ǹȥ

ͷţžžલſݲͭԵ

ĴʯݴŶţɭɭĺħʱ
ˮſȥʪʳˮƺʲôһͬ˳

ˮĿһɫΣգ
̵ĸѪ˳

ԵȣūȽȥ

ҡͷûΣա˵ֱ߽ڰŶС

æϡ

ģһ

߱ȥ֫Ӽһʬ
֣ǰһ˲ȫǰѪǱƮˮʪ߲ǽƤ㻺Ư

ָһʬƤһĽӲ̶ȣˡ

ŵ̧Щʲôңҵֶκҡ
ӣ˵˻᲻Ҳˣ

߲ʬôöûʰҪôѾֻʣôһ˼ңҪôǴӵѾҪôȫ

ȥӿ

ĴСܹʮʯ
һĴ䡣
ĴҲȫǱĵпȥ֫ûһ˿ڡ

ʮԶĻĲݴһ泯ġӼ

Կ˱ȥ֫󻹻˺ܳʱ䣬ҧżҧʯ죬һһ˳ˮ
ϧ̫ƫƧˣû˷Ӳˡ

ڵͷ߲ʬȻǰ춯

һеӰ

ͷӣϵƤȫǺɫѪաЩȻ

ʲôˣ
ʡ

˳ţǰ

ĿһȻһľɡֳľɡᵲǰ˱ƺȵǲӵˣ

Ǹûлػưˮм

üͷϢȻŭȣٲ˵ҾͶˣ


ҹкȻһ
ͷŵȫ

⻯ͷǹ£ͫ˲⣬һ

ˡûԴ

ľɡٿȻſĻХתųͷϵȥȻûκ赲ΪƮ˲䱻

ûڵͷտյӴȻһڴѪ̡

оԼֽŶˡ
ֱ۾ͷͷˣ˵ʬ𣿡

ϸؿۡ
ʬֻѪʢߡ

ʹ˿ԴûĻҲܿѪܳʱ䡣ֻ޷ʳ˼ֻƾԴ֮ǰ£졣

˵ţӦӵĴ񡣡

ס̵ֻĵطģʵΪֻǲ֪ʲôģ

ȻӵĴô˵ǱߵĴҲΣգϸϸһ룬᲻ӵֻҲû뵽Ҳ˴

˵˵Լ˵˼Ƥ

ɫ΢ߣȥķ򿴿

.
˷ɽԽ룬ҵһںˮϵСӡ
ϣӵҲˣ״ȴǰһӲͬ

ǲǱΪ飬ȫԴ

ǣӵĿյ޴ͭһ߾ͷʬ屻ڷͭԣͷԱͭڵϡ

߽ϸ˿Щͭ

ͭԱڵص·ֲƣܸӣѪպó죬ͷĿѣĸо

ֵǣڴ裬ͭ·պѪȴûȥ˿

ӣҿЩ죬򵥵ĳɱ
鲼

þõ⼸ͭѪü

ԭ˵Щʲôƺڳ˼ӣĬĬȥ

ȷʵ˼

ɱһ㲻ܡڵȴЩŹ֡

Ĵ嶼¾û˷ΪûҰ޽̳ԵĲʬݴǾҲûҰ޿ɣ
˵޳ûĵط
˵һ·ûκޣҰ޵ӰҲû

žĻҰĲҵ״ͭѪǰʱڹżопһƪš

һƪйءħļš

豾ĮĿ⸲һ㺮˪
ÿ

æ˿

ͭѪ֡

ɲǼ䡣
̡




6.   6    ɱ˼ħ


ǰ͸ıһſڰС
ٿȻʼ䡣
ͬʱеͭѪŹѵĵ棬εʹͭѪһһӵصϰ

¡¡
˫С
ͭѪϵ

ڵص׵Ĳ־ʮɣ

ڵص׵ĲֱѪҺø࣬ÿһ·ʺ챥ɢŵĺɫع⣬һаǳ

һ˦䡣

飡
ԭͭѪžᵹڵϡ
ˮٴк

ٶˮ岻ɾͭ·ϵѪ

.
صһĴ塣

ʯݻȥֵƤ¹ȻҲͭ
૵Ȼ

û壺ʲô

ɫĮÿɱ˼ħЩħĲϣҪħ

¡¡

׹ʱò԰׵ա

˫Ŀ㶵վԭء
޾⽫߬סˣܶ

ҹˮƺ͸˹ͷ

ħ
ֲĴڡ

ȹֻ꣬ظӲ׽

ħʵǿʷÿһħɼѺƻǲһһǳر𣬶һһҡ

ҲͰˡ

ֲ֮ʵǡħѪ

ħѪȾʿ

൱ڡħֻ֡ҪһħѪʿڣôǸʿͱˡħ֡

ħֵ˱ΪħӴԴ䣬ͬ˸ˡԭƽˣĮ顣ԭƽˣ÷ŵ
ͨͨʮɱ

ܵǣЩ˵ڻƾʧ

û֪ȥˣȥħĹ硣

˵йʱڣ̫һλҪʥ˾ĵħ֣Ҳħ
Ϊסλʱ̫סǿҹֵط󣬲ǿѹ

ʹλʧˡ

Ǳʲôץ˵صס

̫񹬲һλʧǲǾߣǾǧǧǧ

Ȼֱڵһ𽬣ҲûҵλӰӡ

ħʵ̫أŽٴܣķѱ߱ٶĽ䶼ûзǣֻҲûǵĻǡ

ֻɱٻɱѰ١

ħأ

ҹ䣬ٳľɡÿһëʼ裬ǺqqشֺͷѪϢĻĴ·ʱħܳ

ǿӣô죿
ǿȾĶ

ϵٵмħӦûûбǻüֹ

Ǳֹⳡѡ
߾һħҪһѣ˵̫񹬶鷳

ħĳ֣һӴ߿ʼС
ħߵѪҺҲΪħ֣ȾˡħԽʵԽǿȾԾԽߡ
˵ԽǺԽѿơ

С˵ӣ֮ǲֹ¾ӣҲֹЩ绽ǰȥм

̫񹬣̫ʥŮֻһԸͻдԱԼ׹ǰʵҲ١

裺Ǹϵʱ䣬Ƕÿ졣

һĻеϥ£ӣ󲻿ɷգ¾ͽūɣ
ħʵ̫Σ˰
һӱħѪȾ

黽ǰҲΪ˱ײħ

费ĿĮ
Ī˵ֻħ󣬼ʹ浽ħ֮գΪ̫ʥŮҲȻҪǰħԿ
ħδ֣ܾ£

һ֪Լˣ̿ū澴ˣ

ҹ
ָðһѩɫ棬ŵһ
ѩɫ䵽棬ʱ棬ȼ´裬Ҳ޷ѩɫĴֺ

ƬĴ塣

ͭѪѩɫķ£𽥿ʼڻ

ǲʬǵϵļǵϵʯ飬ȫٵһɶ

ʴѩ𣬷ٶš  

ͭȻӲȥˡ



ҪħֻСĴɲ

;Ѱ

ϣΧڵĴСȫ¾Щ˵ǸСĴ岻ͬеǱŵȫѪҺеǱȥࡣ

еĴ±ͭˡ

ɫѾ׵ֽжټ

ɫҲá

ѾĿطѶϢ˵Ѿпǿ߸ˡ
ֱڣȻʲôҲûС

迴ҹɫĻ˼

ǰԵ֮Ŵ£ֱඦ֪Ƿħ
һ·ٻٴ򣬻ȥ˵Ѿƻ˶ԷļƻԷӦûŶԡ

ڹôãֻˡ

С

Էε¾ڴͭѪͭȴûΧء

ҹԡ
µıС

˼Ƭ̣ڵߡ

ʱ

ˡ

гƹĹƮڶߡ

ԵصǴմϸһ˷С

ľɡ˫Ŀ⣬軷ܣ¡

˫ɲǼȻ򣺡֮ǰһֱΪЩͭǱڴѪȵȡٿʼ󡣡

ЩͭͶϣ

ǸӰĻħ󣡡

л˼󣬸ок쬵شӽŵĹٿȻһӴǣ˶͸ˡ

ԽԽ죺Ѷ룬ħѿʼǻȥмҲˡ
һĻħ꣬ħѣļѪĹļ⣬Ѫڡ콻ģħԵص׶
Ǳ콻ǰҵʵλã

˿ѾǰףĺɫȾ棬ͣЪʱҪˡ

һȻһֻͭ˫ֻ֮ͭ䣬ſ

ͭȻֳɰ˿š

һӣ˿ŻֱͭǬޡ㡢롢Ұ˸λλݡ

ߣ

ֱȼλӶȥ



ƽ̹ڵϡ

һӼļȼա

վһϰĽ׳ˣ˫ֳŹ鳣ֺ죬ֱۼþȫûǰѪƤ޹ġ

ˣ


¼ҽâɫƣ߰Ӵתâ˲Ұ׵ûһ˿Ѫɫӡ
ռĺ顣ⲻΪ̫ͣʪȵĹϵΪ֣ȵľֺ;

ͷĺˮ䵽պͲҰ׵촽ϣĺһſҵ档

ڵؽù̡

˫ŽƱգɢζ

ˡ
սϢԽԽǿңƺʲôӵصڿ

ߴߴѪ䶯  

صʮ׵ĵطѪͷƤݣֹ˵ģиָ޵ġ¶ǡħ꽫ӵصЩѪ⽫Ϊħ

ˡ
һƬ涼·ҽСȽ棬Ѿڡ

˫۸߸߾

콻ģһĵ㼴¡

ٿȻ䣬һž࣬ĵĶӲס

һ̡

Ǹ౻ʬ壬һŤƣͬƵżֹһá

ˡ

һĵ㱻ˡ

ħϢڡһֻĻɫ֣˺ѴأȻӵص̽




7.   7    ɽŮᴵǵ

һͷӴޱȵħӵص˳

·ɽԵصװѪٲ¡

һֻѪںһħªƤһһ飬ֳۼףֳëƴƴմղײ࣬˲㡣

ر۾

ƵۺһģѵĸۣԶֲ֮

ѪζŨŻ

ö
һС򻹾޴ħſڵϣͷᣬĴѰʳ

е

ֻ۾ɵĿֲ۶һȥ裬ֹʱӣֱ壬ϵתķȻܡ

ˡˡˣ

ÿһȥǵضɽҡĽ±öһرȱⰼݡ

ħʱٶȾþˣټӴһգۣӰѾʮ￪⡣

ڰУɢԡ

˫̧Ŀ̫ģоĻƵӺȻԶħѹȥ

ħĺң͵סԴ

ڸ߿գһӣ̫Ļסħ˫Ⱥϰ

𣡣
ħȻ顣

ħȾ̵ķȥҪʳҪʳ˭סٲʳҪˣ
һܣϸʬµ

ɫס

ʴѩ󣬵һȱ㣬ٶ޷ʸһ죬ֻܽ빥

ղ콻ĿҪµʱΪ˺͹̫Զ޷ʴѩȫȼҲħĵ

ٶ׷ȥ



ˮǡ

һλڱķųǡ

ΪĸСĹϵˮסʮֻԾ
ӵǴĲʺԼޣʺϰƤµҰޣˮǽס 

ǲ֪ʲôԭǰȫǡˮǵ˳˳ǣҲڴˮĴ˺ܶࡣ  

ˮ˻̻̲ӻҪɳԷΪæµ

ˡˡˣ

һ̯ϳ⽵ˣȻϵһһڲԱߵĵĵͣ
̧ͷ֣ǵ涼

ˣ



ǿʲô

̧ͷһɽԶƽٶһʱŵɫ

ʲô

ܰܣһܣһ˻ߴ𡣻˯еȫѣ¹ڲŻŵر

ˮʿģʵǿĳҲֻ麣ôԸӴļһֻܣ

ȺͬȺҵ򷴷ӡ

ħٶȣ˵ٶʵ̫ˣۿħ봺ˮֻһʱһٿȻ׹ħǰ

赲ħǰչ̧֡

ˡ 
İ׳㾭ĸǰһƬƵĻһֶƣħʹˮм䡣

һ׹ߡ

Ƿٶû죬һ  

̵÷סˣ 

һݣǣ

ľɡתͬʱɡĻԽԽֱһھĻסˮǡ

ĮؿǰӴħִС

һξѪָ

ѪҺžવڵϣһһȵֲѩɫ棬ᵲڴˮǵǰ

񱩵ħͣ㶸Ȼסηضѩɫ棬

ָ߳һѪ
ʵȫʴѩѪԴ

ҪξѪɵħʱˮ˺ѷεĲҺ  
̣̣


ľɡȻ켶ȻסʴѩֲȶȽɡһ룬ˮǵĳǽһ뱻ճɷɻңڳˮʣ˸ǱյòҲ̶á

ΪٵԵʷɵɫҰ׺ˮؿŹɡӲҧš
Ҳܲȶȡ

ʱס

ҪԸħҪʴѩ
ʴѩˮǵĳͻꡭ

δһԽɽȪ 

һӲƫͷ

ֻһĲǽϣһϮص±ٺйʥɢʥĹâһŹǽʴѩĿֲȶȡ

ڵİֹͣˡ

ָ⾫ѪȻʧؿˡ

ȴûп裬һ֣ʥٿȻɳһֻѩ׾޴ķˣһ쳹չ˫Ȼħͷ­

ħײһģͷںɫѪҺѸٱʴѩֲ

ȻпĵƮ䡣 

ֻһɴķɽŮ㣬ս䡣
Ӻɳ͸ĺ񣬲һ˫ź֮䣬紵õ壬ƮƮڰУڻϵķ졣

һߴŹǵѣգЦ

绪Ȼ

ȴ罩Ӳ

Ĺǵг溣ɳɳɳشԶǵصħĽϣ˳˫

ɽŮ踥ᴵǵѡ

溣·Ȱ׷˻Ҫħ־塣

Ҳ˲ϱģذϵĳӡʵ̫ˣǵһһһһгħƤꡣ


ħŹ˻

ɽӴȻڳ溣С

ǵܺá
Ǹճδʳħ

³ħģԶֹʵ

˿ȴħıѿһ϶һȻӱʶȥ

Ҫ׷ѱͷ⣺ʥŮڴ˵ػա  

˵ջһʧԭء

ɽŮ踥ָתǵ˸ʧУ׳üһЦҲһʧڰС

迴ʧĵط΢΢ʧ

ɽŮһ𣬵ǡӰ롭

Ȼ

ǰһűƵü

ͫ

踥Ȼֻˣ
þĶǵֻ幫֣˴༫ڡ޷彩ס

踥΢΢һЦЦݶ޵ݱ»

ָŵϵĳ溣˵ᣬЦ˵ˣЩħѪҪûȫոɾУŶ

˵ٴʧԭء

ֻһͷһԼֱϵĺëȫ




8.   8    ȨˣΣ


ӣǲȥ׷𣿡
ľɡ䵽ϡ

ɫѩ׵ر˱ۣȥ׷Ҳ׷ϡħٶȱԭòֹһ
󾳽磬罻ȥ

䡣
潫溣ǣгӱճɻҽ

кâһţߣǽǣȥĳ

ǣ

˷ɽˮǣֱˮۡ

Цӭ𺳵ôԭأŵһ仰˵

ǳ⣺
̫ʥŮ٣ݼʥŮ


ˮͬˣȫͷֵ̿عŵͷ̧

ƫƧСط̫񹬵ͨӣҲҪһعţ˵ʥŮˡ 

ûҲûаǡ

һصȺֱλ¡

衣
費һڣȻŴĿµĴˮ

žĬӽţͷĺ߳䣬ɫ԰ףаû֡

֪ӭսʥŮ´򲻹»ᱻǸʬΣҲҪȥӭսˣһжˣȻʥŮǰ棬ˡ

赭Įʣ𣬲һԡ

ͷ£ǣС˾һԣ

裺֪ǰЩΧĴ򶼲¾

ССԼ֪һЩ

нѶϢϱ

Сϱģ֪ǴˮǱճա

Ǳճ⣬ǰȥ飿

⡭С֮Ҳڳڽ㣬ʵǲ֪ۡ

˫Ŀأٿڡ

Ƭ̺£̫ˡ

йħ¶Ǵ£ڴѶ˵ؿصʱҲͬʱѶ̫񹬡̫ңԶֱڲˡ

̫˼ʮǿߣն񾳵Ĵ١

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ͷ鷳λȥ˵ؿؾ

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ʱΪ˹ȫ֣˵Ҫȥʮǳص

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˶˵»ǣңΡʵ͡

΢΢ףû̫⡣

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㣬СƵһѪܵˣͳ

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һж޷

ھʵǰеıеĹ޷ڡ

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ħ󱻲߾ıӣҲѲ𷣣ζȻһһˣ빬˶ɣ

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ǸһֱѹסĻͻȻȵһһ˵¶µģҸ޹أ

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ɰ

ħǾɣ

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ЦɵħɽݾǰȴնϣЦЦһȺɵӣ

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ħɣ

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Ӱɣ˲УƮżײһ𣬿䡣

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ɽŮ踥Ц欣µؿǱĻӣƵ˵ħɣȤ˵

ץסͬ࣬񿴵˾ݣٵ˵ҲͬҵĲ²⣿

踥Ц̧ӨУһŻɫĹͻȴôѲˡ
Ϊ

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踥ضĻôǻǲɵĺá

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˻ʵǿģߵλߣһšʱǴ˵ɫȡġΪа׷ѪΪ˵ӡ

ʱݶԷӴơ踥ΪסĵطзɽԱΪɽŮ

Ƿ壬ʥŮνѾڰ˻

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նлλԮ֡ʲôҪ̫񹬻رģλܿڡ

ǳЦʥŮˣħ˵ö֮豨𡣡

踥ҰĹ棬üɢ˵ħɹƾˣҪʲôʲô
ʲô̧ɨ衣

ʵʵѩɨɨȥȤƵģ΢΢һЦ
ʥŮ˴γȥμӲɽɽ磿

豻ɨɫԽ䡣

ǡ

踥ԷĮȴϵЦԽãƣ˵ɣҲȥڡҪĻͬУ·϶

̫ڵɫɫ֮ǰµذǸָȥͷЦţչչңȨˣΣ




9.   9    ̫


ħ¸һ䣬̫񹬺ɨƺȷԲû˱ħѪȾ
ٻħңһˡ
Щٹ¡
Ҫ񣬻Ǵ̫ȥɽΪɽɽ١

ͭ㳵ڡ
踥˸ɴѩ׵ĸ첲£ûͷƵĿڳڣⷨ·

迴ѩ΢¶ģü


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д졣
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л

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費踥ͶԷͬһռڣ޷״̬붨³ӣǴӴ﷨óһ飬  

ι
踥ս

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踥欵Ц˵Ҫչҵģôչ˵ģҴϳͲˣ

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踥Σ

͸ؿ˫Ϊ̫ûʲôģֱͬע

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ã踥סˣЦ΢ҿЦġǸƣܿ԰ɣ

ɡ
ƽ޲ؿʼ̫Ԫ֮Ϊ

ͣͣͣ
踥δһͷ۵غͣ˭ʲô
йâһӴ﷨ȡһᣬ׵УŶӵĹ⣺Ҫ

ۣ۾ϡ
Ǳ¼йʱһ޴ܵķ¹£ôʼΪ󵨡

飬һ·ʶ˶Է΢踥
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踥Ȼ׼ͳһ׹¼Цص߳ŭȻǱҹ

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ᣬͬİƽ޲ؿʼ
·С󣬻òһʱͣ½Ųϸ۶Էӯһգ̬һ

ԽԽ㵣˫۲֪˶ԷԼʲô顣
˫ͬգַյؿ踥ŶԷԼʥ飬鿴һ۶۾
Էôҡ

ʹǺķɽŮҲô 

踥ŭըë۾һе׹¼Цӯӯػ˸ơ
СʥŮȤ

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ԭţȴơ

򿪴÷Ĥ䱡


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˯踥Ӳεһ飬Բ۾衣
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踥һ˫һŭ˶٣ָ̫ˡ

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ɲĿһᣬֱۣ˶ɴ䣬סм

費ٿԭڿľ飬
ȻŸտһҳ˼ͱꡱһϡ

ü
ѾѾ֪ڼüˣȹȥ껹࣬гŭ⣬һǳǳ

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ʱ踥ڳϣҲͷרĵؿʲô飬Բ֪ʱһӣĸͣ˸Ѷȹ

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һߣҲһ뿪

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ͭ㳵һ·;ûͣ¡
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ԽеԽߣյɫҲ𴦲ͬЩʵ̫ƺҲȱҪһ֡
ʾͷΡѩɽ
ǾɽɽĴߴ۵ɽ壬ǲɽ

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ʿֻǼԦƺ;ɽҲĪѡ

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֮ɽҲû˵֮ͳˡ

ɽҲһʥء
ȻûҲû̫񹬵ȳӴ󣬵ҲλȻ˴βɽɽ磬˻ض˹ף١

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һᣬĪó̫ˡ
ְ踥ڵĵطʮַ踥ʱ޿̲ڡ
ȴʱ踥һ˿׽͸Ц񶨶Ųɽ

ɽΡɽ壬ΧĻѩƣصӳǶ͸ͫС

ڿ踥
գգۣһޣԭĪܵȴʧ١  

С

ޱתͷȥ




10.   10    أ˪


ͭ㳵ʻϲɽۡ

ɽۣһӴ̫Ϊ
ǱֻжʯͻѩĵطΪߵĳֶΣﲻ˹ɵ͸滨
Ƶڣɾס֮ء

ò磬˻ص˶ѵ
µŮı͵ˡЦַ̣Ƿ 

衢踥˵ǵС䶯ͣˣһĿͶŵɽŵɽݻᡣ

˴βɽɽ磬Ϊʾ𾴣ɽ١Ȼ̫񹬣ඦйŲɹĳɳʥŮӣ㹻ˡ

ҪﶼѵϯʽʼӰ˻ظ˽

̫ΪһλλΪ磬λ̫ʥŮ֮ඦķ˵ӣٴǹŲɹķɽŮ

úɽɽ٣˾þ˵һ߳Ŀ׻ܿʧȻ״ӴΪд͡

ŮȹƮͣ¶

ʥŮѡ֮ĵһ¶棬Ҫǰʶ˺̫ܶ࣬񹬵ϲǰǿֵȥӡ
迴ѽӽϯϰ˻ظŵ˶ڣҪĿ֮˱ڣʧЦǾͲˡ

˶žףʱʱһǵѩӰȴ˸ǰ

һŵĳЦǺǰơ
ɢˣΪųϣ̫ʱҼʥŮһ棬ϧʱû˵ϻںһơԺʥŮأҪ֪һŶд

˵ųϾһ

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裺ߡ

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ѩǲɽ϶еɹͬѩܣͬѩ߷ζ

ûʳѩ˼޳ָ⣬ȫ޳һȡѩѡ 
ѩѼСɫѩ׵ĹԷֱ棬ȴģһ㽫ѩѼ

ѵʦϲʳ

ͷ΢ȡһѩҲʼѩѡ

һ˺ǸˣʳǵһμҪԵĶϲѩĻȥвɽ̴Ӷϵòã

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һߣ˼Ŵڨɹ̫ʥŮɫ䵭ȴҲûųϣ׷״׹ơ 

ʥŮǡ

ʥŮãǡ

Χŵһ࣬˵Ӿ͸ˣƵĸϽаĽòʿҲ

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̫ңң֮Ļԫ֮ˣʱ˵ʮСǵöԷС

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شкѡ

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Χ˷׷

˰࣬λʥŮʾʦҪ䣬ηúÿûа˿̻Ǿ͸Ƶģһ仰·˴ϲá

һֱܶˡ  

׵Ƭ̣ʧˣλԱ㡣˵תȥ

߳

ɽ۵̫ҫۡ

פȴյ˵ܣҲЩա

˲ֹ뿪صѰ֮ض󲻱š޷Ƶز˲

Щ쳣һֶ˵ǵӸӲá

裺ظҡ

ͷǡ
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뿪ɽۣɷͣͣһ·¡

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ãȻ

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ͣһž޴ԡ

һĹĸϵڲɽɽУ俴ֻ˺ϱ֣ʵʵص׵ĸϵǳΧһݶûУֻһƶѩѩ滨

վڹԣŲɽ¡
ѽɽȻ棬ֻܿ·ӿƺѩƺϿգڷϷ  

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迿滨ȹƮأ˪һӰϢ̾š

滨紵ҡҷ

ѩ׵ĻƮа㸡ѩ׷£һ

̧ͷ˫Ŀ΢ؿŷ滨þվ




11.   11    ÷·պһͷ

ǰ˵ĵһҲһ滨ԡ
һںϵģʮС滨

ĺˮ滨䵽ϣͽʪİɫֽǮһˮƮȥ
СںӱߵʯϣͷؿƮ滨ֽǮɭɭƵСӡ

Ͽ̶಻

ҵĶôôȥˣô
ҵĶ
ܶˣÿڣкܶվӱϱ߿ޱֽǮںӱߵʯвϵȼ㡣
Χ˿޵ôض㣬
ССֻǰʯϿźˮ·һա

кĵĸ˿ôݹСѾͷţǰѯʣСѾͷôһ

農ͷ

ĵĸŮһͷŵõ˿ؿڣޣզϻŸߣϹ˵ģ
ŵǸûκͼİɫߣӣ䲻һ

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˶ʣСѾͷأ

ݹСŮȻ˵

Ŀѩߺ͸ø˼쬵ġǿѯ˼ȻС軹ǲش

Ǹɵġ
ǸƵˣȻ£뿪߽һҪ

ʱһֱԼ䡣
֦ϸݵֱϣ˶ĺɫ飬·ܵĺ󱳣ûһƤ

ŵþ
ѵ賶һЦݣȥ¶ԷʲôԴȾ˶תĶӡ

޺ӵ˿һĻҲв֪ԶЩ㶼Χˡ

СŮΧûˡ

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СûԸ⿿ĸˣĸˣֳˣŮҲˡ  
ֻʮĮȻʯϣźںӡ  

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ף
ͻȻ˭һ

ԭǲģ֪Ϊʲô̫öˣʶػعͷȥ

һۣǳ֮ʼ

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Է֣ɭɭĹӷ·ҲͲĴˮ

ΧȺ·ûҫ۵ˣȴھʱƿԷԶ

ͷ

ɽ̤¹⣬Ц߶ˣ

СһûзӦ
ֱԼԷر

ССʱһʯ顣

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ݵ֮輤ҵҪ

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Сɵ˺һᣬʣʲô

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죬ɱŴߵСŮʪʯֵ޺ȺѩֽǮص筸

筸һ糣
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ʱ䣬˽⵽筼ҶĮ̬ȣԼСŮԮĴɶ£ѯһ˰ѯСŮߣòã

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˺ܾãժԼӲߡ

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˱ĻҪúá

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۷׷ףΧ۰ʦʢ

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СһʱඦڳΪ㣬ʱţҷǸβƺ«Ҳ𽥶ʧȥȤ

С˵ǰû̫  

ʦĮʦˬʵĲͷʣµ˶Ϊݺͷ˵ӵĹϵĽӽ

Ψһ˵˸Ĵʦ֡

Ҳִֻػʦ֡  

СʱϲĵطʦֵƷﾳ  

Ǹֻƺͽɾнڲƺл贩żҲﳤ֣ײը⣬Ȼѩ׵ϡ

ࡢɾҲտ

Сͻ룬СԴ˵ʦ֣˵֮ϿΪʲôֿأ

СֵĻְɡĿᣬ˵Ц˵ֻһš

õСǸˡ

ǧѡѡһ˪滨ӣֻÿŲƻƷﾳĺ

˪滨ҲȷʵںصУƻá

Сϲ¾¸٣ϥͷ
ʥϤÿοʱзɳСˣת 

˶ʵ̫ˣõʱС趼᲻ĳһС̲סԥʣʦ֣Ϊζã

˷֣Цǳ»ǰԵְɡ

ǡʦֻԶҺ𣿡

ȻһԶСãС԰ҵˡ

С迴˵ϲõ룬ҲˣԺҲˡ

С𽥳
֪ʲôʱݸ鿪ʼ㺡

˵Ǹʯɰ覵ӣĽ˵ӵŮӺܶ࣬д󵨱ߡ

ҡ  

ΪֻǸòµĳª֮ˣֻĬĬؿЩŮһ˻ķɶȥȻ򱻾ܾȻ뿪

֮Ϊʴѩ룬һߣ˲ϧΥʦŴɱ佫ȳ֮ٷඦС

ඦײôǱΪˣ߸̧£һʮΪͷ  

һٶν𾪰˻ء

һд˵ϲǸСʦãи߰ĻдԼ֪ǵġ




12.   12    Ϊʦһ¯ɡ


ϲλȺĻҪҫƯŮӡ

һοɽŮʱһϷУڶʿĴӵϷ̨ϳһϷϷ˹񣬶ôЦϣҲЦǰϡ

ɷһһЦ޲ʹķЦҲԲλࡣ

ӵʿΪСʳΪ֣ʦҲΪ衣

̨ϷúܾʣϷЦ֣һûϷҲûЦ

ֻڽĬĬ۲ϲŮӣ룬ԭʦϲŮģȻͬģ

ι 
֪ôģµ踥ע⵽

ĬĬ߹ȥ

踥Ц˵Сβͣ㲻ϷǸʲô

Ĭ

ֻ̫ʦˣ

踥Ưüô˵

Ȼ̨ڳϷʵϷɽŮϷеĽ㣬ĹעӵλʿԼе˶ĿͶע

һ۰ʵϢϻߣǸڴеĹˡ

ʱ˳С費˵ˡ 

踥ûˣͷس죬ͻȻ磬Ԥ׵ժߡ

ժ䣬˷

̨ϵϷӰһӣһʡ

˻̲ס첲ϵļƤ񣬷·𿴵ʲôܶĺֲܿĶʡ

踥Ҳû뵽ߺһɴס

费۽ޣɫضеߣ¿ϣе

˵ķӦʦֵġ

ǿнߣѵԷߵ踥ֻüʲôû˵ 

Ȼ֪ỹЩѹ 

˵㵤һеڵСţôһԼĲأ

豾תȥ
Դ뿪ඦʦദʱվͱԽϡ١
֮˵ڱԽæ˺ͷɽŮӰ룬Ʈʵδˡ

ԡ᲻ߡ

Įû˵ΣҪ̫ັ޷ȫѰ

Ŷ˵ʲô

ݵĺʯصıĸԴһʯģϵ֥⻨

踥ûûεظпô鷳ĶСβֻͣһӻݿ

û˵

Сβָ죬󵤶ڵĳüرʾٲڣӦ̫񹬵ĵҩҪˣһкܶ⡣

ֻ泤Ϸصڡ

֮

øӷæ˵ĴԽԽ٣һΣ𽥱һΣһΡ

ǹڷ˵ӺͷɽŮĹ£ȴһֱš

ŷ˵ɽŮЯֹϹżȫˣõϹŴܵĴС

ŷɽŮŭ˱عң˵ӲϧﱱعңҲҪ÷ɽŮȫ

һɱһͷ⥣һǰա

ŷ˵ɽһˣɽŮʾգֱպûķ˲ɢ˳档

˵˵ӵƷﾳ˷ɽŮϲߣƱũֻΪɽŮʱԵʵĲȡ

Ʒﾳ翵ĵط߹ũ
޷ݵʱԼʲô顣

ָоǣϧǻıﱻ̣ˡ

.

辭һֱûֱĳһգ˱ķɽŮڵڡ

С裬ˣа취𣿡һȾȾѪͻҳ˫ǳγȻҲ˺

費ʦֽģ͵Ҿһԡ

˵ľ鵤ҩˮϧ踥ڡ踥֪ʲôˣһľڳƻ壬ǳԵ޷ 

踥ȼŴɭ֣ιȥĵҩһˮ۶ô鵤ҲֻӻЩʱգˮнˡ

̶պ

踥ϢѾø˥΢ɫ԰׵ػ˯ڴϣĻʧɫ

ĳҩʱڴ齱ߣĬþάһƣƺűûҳ

ʦ֣վƬ̣ջɬȻ

˻ͷ

ѹؿ

ʦַ˵һֱǸȻݣֽоݵˣδʧ˻ģҲԸģ

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̾˿΢ƣΪĳЩԵɣŲɹԸȡǵţҲǱŽеһ˿ϣ

ĬƬ̣ʵڲ̼ʦѹʦĪҪ̫ˣִĵ޷Ϲŵԣһ취

Һһ𡣡

˿ʼϹŵ顣

Ǹ̲ţеϹŵϡ٣˾ඦѰԣǰ踥иչ˺뿪һˡ

˻ʱڶ

踥ÿҪǧżƷԪάֲÿ綼Ҫлȼգڿȣ

֮ϼ뵡
Ԫ¯

ԪƿУˡ
ʦˡ

ˣС裬ҵ취ˡ

ʲô취 辫һȻϲ踥ʵڲʦѹ㸶ٴҲԸȥ踥

˵ݸһƵĹŵ顣

Ҵɨһ飬죺  

ˣȱһǣа취ȫ𣿡

ϸؿһƵ飬Ƭ̵Ӧԡɹ޸ȱ𵤾ЩƵһȱʧȱĲࡣ

ֻĲ϶ѰǷɽŮȲҪ滹ζ

˽ضĻصҩҶˡ

΢㵡

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ôռôĵرԾѣ֮Խз滹бزȱζҩ

ȴЦЦС裬

߹ȥ

̧Դǰڰʦʱ

ʱ꣬ŵɰش֦㣬ඦʱ£΢΢㱡

ʦЩ㣬Թʦ֣

ۿ΢ȣ˵СԶԹʦ֡

á΢ƣۿ֪ʲôʱҲˡ  

Ϊʦһ¯ɺã

裺ʦ˵žصķⵤҪζҩģ˾Ѫ˵ģ޷ˣΨеġ 

Ψеġ

˵ʶʲôͫɲɫѩףŵ̧ͷ

˽Ļȥ̵ֲ˵ΨҾϹŰ׷ѪǿǷ塣С裬ҵѪѼԻΪӦҲҩ 

ʦ˵ʲô

С裬ۡ

豻ˡľԶˣгʱһж 

Ѫζ

϶ذڷһѪܵķģһŷ˵ȼյĴУƯһӨķ˾Ѫ

軺ڵϣհס

֪Լôȫôζҩҩġ

һ¯ҩֻһ¯ʱͷһƬհףҲֻһ¯ʱþȫ

ǿŷ˱ǵѩɵ¯ʱһѪ

ûнװƿ뿪ߵ踥ĴǰְѷιȥʱֶǶµġ

ض

룬Բʦֵġ  

Ȼֻ㱵룬ӽشһλҲû˰




13.   13    СʥŮ


ʥŮʲô£
һǳµɤȻ

滨ԣ΢΢һŵתȻһ˫ɽγ˫ۡ

˵ӡڴ˴

˺ǸǳǳЦЦ˵ԭԼʥŮͬ

ƧΧ˾û뵽֮ǰ֮ȻȻ۾ȴԷ뿪
ֻû뵽վôãۺ󣬾ͿһĻĪȻĻ棬ջ̲ס԰ο

ԭˡ
Щ㱵ģһĵˡΪϯ֣̫࣬Ե徲

ɽŮأɽŮΧ΢ϣ仰ϣ˵ԼǺͷɽŮһġ

Ȼ΢΢һЦȥˡ



׽ǵĳƺ

ҲʦֽС衣
С谢ôƵĳƺֻϧǰǱµģǼʹҲҪġ

۽޴䣬ͷһ˿ɬʹ

滨˿ʯ£йâһĴʥٺϥͷɢɫʡ
ʥŮԸҵһ

л˵ӡз𵭵˸֮ɫ
ʦִ˻ᣬǲ鲻ãΪ⣬ȴѯʣֻҸࡣ


ʥ޷ȣꡣڲ˾Ȼս

ָҡ
öк  
ͷ׹˴зɳʱɺõС 

м𵴳ӯ赸

һˡ
׹ʧɢ

̧ͷֶԷû滺飬˵ӣӹһ˿졣

ɫ԰׵ЦЦ롭һᣬ֪ɷ񣿡
߶ǰѪɫļӿٺ˵һᣬʵǰʧ̬

˶٣º˵ʥŮѴʱˡ

迴ŶԷȥıӰҲ̲ס׶ĵʹĹϣסؿڡ

۱滨ϣɫ԰ѩëҲһ׹䡣

ȻһֻɫȻشӺɫ
ֻļ򣬶ϼĵطһ
ι

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Լһŕi׵ϻ֡ɴķɽŮ߳

ͫ纣㷭ӿ·𿴵˾Уÿһ缡ⶼ

踥ǰ
ˣ
˳ָǵ°͵ľӨˮ

Ϊʲôޣ档
踥һֱڹڣȫ˺ĶԻҲ
ܺôɽôһ͵͵ʵ̫ˡ

˱ۣסɱĳ嶯һԲתҪߡ
ȴһֻ߬ס

踥գգۣͱ˵ʱһ鶯СʥŮˣºòã

֡

踥š

˫עлްǵĺ𣬴ֻУһѩɫ档
뵽ʲôƻȻϨˡ

踥ֻ֣ˣԹԵĲ

䣬ʱоؼһε֮סֽŽӲƤˣ׻ΪһֻӲľż



Ȼ

費ŵؿҪڣһڶ¶˵ˣ

ѩΪϢһȾɫ

踥

ǻĹʱ顣
ʿӿ롣

踥һЦЦֻ͵è鶯

սֲŨܵĽëһıӣҪɱ˵ĿֲĿ⣬Ҿ¡

٣ã
踥һЦ˽ۡ

ſ˫ۣһֻżһѿ衣



踥ڲɽϵߣÿһһ󣬲ɽγһɳĹǶ  

ЩǶϿصĵƣӨɢ⣬һɽ壬ʱٷ绯ûް޹⣬ɽĺһɹǻɢء

費֪ʲô
޷ѯʣһֶ˵ֻܱȥƷιǶ

γڶʮһǶʱɽһ¡
ɽϵʧˡ죬˼Ϣδ֪ĵطڶ

£вɽϵʿ䡣

ͬͱ˷ѣɽ
вɽ㳲ɽɽƵʶɨ

辯ؿ踥

¶Էȥ

踥ûУɽʶɨʱ֣һקקԱߵһС

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оֻȻ

踥ʯɻ

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ʱǰһ

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ɵˡ

ڡʲô

踥뿪Ĵ꣬Ȼѡ

ȻУ޵˼֮ףԺһɵˡ

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ɨʶʧ

豻踥ʯ
޷ڣֻò˼ӶԷ

踥Ҳ΢аգɫڨڨؾֵ֮⣬֮⡭

Цˣδü˵ɽִ
踥ɫ΢䣬һѽ豧ɽŵķٷӰɽϣִɽһޱȿŷƵĹǶ

Ƕγ

ɽ죬ˡ

˺ҹɽ𽱻һǿס׹䵽ɽϡʧ飬ʶ޷ɢʿǺȻطԼ޷Ҳ޷С

ϹŵĹ죬ʼ֡

踥

εķʧʱػԼƿء
ûй踥ֻǵͷŵ档

µʯڷڻݡ

ͬʱб峺ˮ֪Ӻδʳܿûݵû档

˹Ҳ⾪
ô£

踥תͷûʲôĲɽҪˡ

ġɽ

ղǴǡɽ踥գգۣʱСѾͷ˵𣬲ɽ˼⻰ֻ˵һ롣

ʵؼǣһΪǣһΪǡ

ĹУˮѾûϥǣˮ̹ǣ˵ȹƮ

ɽǣɽǡΪǺã·أΪ첻֪ıأǽ֮С

һȫµĿ踥
踥˵赭дʣܶδ֪Ϲš

λӡѵָǲɽʦ

踥ɽʯж磬ܴݶܲɽɽʶɨ֪ɽܡ

Էصóԭ֪ 

˶ʡ
ʲôأ

踥ζЦ£עŽ£Ŀƴ͸ɽ忴δ֪촽翵³֡

ɡˡ衣




14.   14    


µڻˮ֪ԴԴ߳

ͨ
˳ˮС

оԼŵ׹ŵˣͷһȫʧȫ̵ĺˮףڰԨ
Աһ踥֪ʲôʱʧˡ

踡ˮ棬ȥ

ɽڣΨɽһ׵Ĵ

ǿ쿴˿ڴ
оͽŲӱĵطȻҲƾճֵĺڷ׷

ûԥڱ˵֮ǰˮȥ

ˮ̱
ǿһ

迴˺ܶϡŹֵˮݿǵ㣬ֻǯЩϺֵҪһˮޣűƽĲ̵ֶβͣݡ

ˮӿ
ȻͣסǱһ

ڰУӴӰƽ

ɽûɽ˶޷麣һõĶˮУˮƮԼƽĺڰ̧֡

͡
һѩɫĴܳ

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ʴѩ𣬴Ŀס

׺ڰһƬ²֪ж

ĬĬԼıʱ䣬ȥоˮʲôǿٻ

Ƭ̺Ȼʧ踥

ԷˮУһβ޴㡣

ΧһƬڰ˵ǿ踥ģ޴ķβһ˫ɺ췢۾յѪճ踥ӰӣԼģϡɱ档

ۿּ踥˫Ŀһݣ͵ε踥ߣ㣬ͬʱִ̧һѩ档


ͷδ֪һֲȶŵˡ

ʴѩΧŨĺڰΧǽץסԷֺ֣Ȼʧ

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һ̣ˮ
Ĺ𣬽Χյ

ڿԷԷ˫ٵһۺЦΪ㲻ҡԺ

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֪ǲѾ˶ԷԷ˻᲻ᰧ᲻϶ǰ޷۵֣Ե

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ղˣԼ˾ٻƻ˶Էƻ

޷ʹ޷ʶҲ޷޷ظ踥ʻ

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΢΢

µĶ

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ڰǰѡ񡣼ΣֻϷء

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˭Ҳûɡ
ɡֻһ

һ翵ĸԭ޷ŵġƫƫһЩżУСɡµĺۼ

ӵبųɵ״治ڣ

Ǹ˻أʿҪŪִ

çʱʼĺʱڡϹʱڡйʱڡʱڣ֪жٴܶ콾ǰ̵׷Ѱ翵ġɡ޲ꪳɳʧʷС

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롰ɡʱˡԡôܷأ

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޷˵ȥ

.
ԽΣԽܸܵڤڤ֮еĺڰٿһֲֿķһּµջ

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ݺҧԼ⣬ֻһ˲뵽ַ׷Ѱ״̬˫Ŀûһ˿ǡ

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߸ţˮĸһʵܡ

ֻ̲ҵĺףڶķǵѾĥ𣬾һˮˢʴܶ඼Ѿ飬һѻš

ֺݺҧ⡣
ǿԼҵһ˿˿ѡ

ЩۿʽʮֹϣǺĺϹʱʿʹõġζǵѾˡ

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Ϊʲôûһʬ

ѵʱһλݡ

ͬجξеһƸؿռ䣬Ҳ޷ά˼˫۾ãȻһ  

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ǡ

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Ŷ·ħ
޷Ųߣħ

ͬʱʹѣҪ͸ڷХʶѹµİɫ麣ơ
ҲʼģѪҺֱˮϡ͡

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еѹ

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جج޷ӭս
ԽԽͷԽԽʹʲôˡ

ʱں׵˻ͷһۡ
޷һۣξڵĴڣ̫ĹԸҫۣǳԽǣʵļ񣬿ֲֻһۣɲ߽⡣

û˫۾ģ

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.

ౡ
СС

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ҰٿһЩԶǿŹ滨

ͷͣˤ˻ȥ

ԣ

ѭŴȥ
ɽŮ踥ڲԶһʯͷϣԡ⣬Եֵؿʲô

裿ڵϣơ

踥ĵź

ƺϹŴܵĻǴӵ֣Ϲŵȫָ⡭㱵˵Щϧ統ʱһͺˡ

ЩǼٵģǻþʱɵվţΧʲôû䡣

𡭡

ǰ

跢Լ麣Ѿָɽǲɽ㱵ؿܡ

ɽ踥ڿʲôʼ磬ֻʧ˶ѡ

ԺҲˣ

š

ĵɽŮĺأǰε˼ãֺβǻڶΣԴԼǿʵ
ʵֹڱֳնΪ

Էѵ¡
뵽͵һۣʹñ۾岻Ծҡ¡

踥һۣҪϹ롣

ûԷԼԻЩϹʿһĪʧ

꣡

ҪлŪÿǣſڶҭںֻܿŶԷƵĿĸͣ

Ҳ԰
踥󷽵һѩ⡣

ѩڰлһߣ׼صĴϡ

踥԰

ѩѣ

ѩѣ֮Ӳģζ࣬еģ¡踥˵

ͷеѩãԳ䡣

ʦôͻȻϲʳԭһѩѶΪɽŮҲѹרע
ԭʲôʱԼõѩʦ֣뿪ɽǰһЩѩɽҲѩ

㲻𣿡

ԡ

ѩУֻƷǻɬ

ѣʱȻصɽŮԱ㣬Ȼɽˡ
˵㣬ȹƮԦɽ۷ȥ

踥ͷҲصıӰѩѶĲˣ٣øûĵСһ




15.   15    ׃


صɽĿһƬǽҡ
Ӱϡ٣յ㵹谵޹⡣ķʧˣҲʩչ

󣬲԰׵ŷϲĹâ˹ӣˣһΪ

أ
Ŀߡ

뿪ˡ
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裺뿪˶ã  

һ㶣ԼΪʲô⣺ԼԼаʱ

оĹһš
ƷιǶʱ踥Ϊʶʯд˾аʱˡҲ˵֮һʮֶݣֻܾһյ費Ĺ

迴ۻҵȺ뿪﷢ʲô

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ʱ޷𽶼޷ڿշУ񱻽ɽһҲԴͷ뵽ϹŵЩ촫˵һƬң֪ôźá
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ɽɽĿͶ踥ˣ¶Ͱ΢ЦɽŮͷ˵Ҳɣ



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ǣǾ̫񹬣ඦǹŲɹκһΪǲɽҲκβá
ЩʥŮӷʲô⣬ɽҪЩŭ
Գڲɽƽ뿪ߣ˭֪Ϲ᲻֡

.

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һȻڲɽ˳˸

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Թ۵
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ڵֱӵʮʱ䡣

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ڳԴڳ⣬͸Ĥרĵŵ档踥ں˯˯ú˵ģһ˿Ʈıͷĺһһ

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Żؽֻͣ׃еĴͳգǵĳϦҹͰεƽأҲ׃֪ġ

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Щ񣺡֡

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׃Ҽǵиطʳ

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趢Լֻ֣䲻ȿڡ
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踥ֻΪ˷ʡ£ֱӿôһ˵ע⵽ԼԷס

ĴƤ壬ȴִһȣΪ̫ᵽһ˿㡣

ĸĴͻԺ

踥ͷͻɿɿ֣Ϸһʮˡ




16.   16    ʺߣϵ


ͭ㳵ϡƲ温塣
ϼͽȼƻ
Ĺųǣδأֵֵվ
˲עĿоͭ㳵ͻ귨

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ͯ˷ܵرȥлһͷͷСţڽֵϺֱײһЦЩСʶرܿһˣҲͶĿ⡣

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һ˵ò̫ۣˮȻ踥ݱºģi次裬͸ó⸱ģǼµ䣬ľɫ
Ҳһèˡ

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˺ǵòʹڸУͬʱ˱ܿǣڰǵʯͷײȥһʮʵõ 

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ѵóһ̫񹬣ҲûôԶĵطôֺ˷ܡ
ָһεƵ̯λ˵ӣεƵģ벻յεԸ

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ΪʿЩ

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СһǿɶˣѼӻӻⵥж⳴ƬԲͷ
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Ƴ
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ʮǰҾƹݻɿǽƷΪ̫ãͬмޣ˾֡Ʒʱ٣ʦƶɢˣֻʣһǿά֡

û뵽һλӺȻ֣ڳĲ˺󣬸һޱȵԴԴƷŵ 

Ϊ˼λӣƷΪɿ

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أԳڼУֻɫ˵һΪ踥粵ĻСŲҴȥһһ˸е
ôˣλӻһû䣬ȴӰСͷ׵ͷඡ

СС׷ȥʣʦʶλӣҪԼ˰

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²յĮƳ踥һۡ
һɽŮˡ

踥һӣ°ͣżɢһûһߡ





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ƺо飬Ц踥һۺЦеس˸ͣҪϷˡ

Ȼһ踥ʼɤһǲ߰ͷһʯ䷨۵Ѻͷ

ʲôҷҲ˸ɤӴɤڷǡ

˶

ɫɫ䣬ɫʹЦ

޳ָ΢ľƯָתȦ踥ˡ


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ڶãơ

Ůôʳ𣿡øжڴ

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˵仰ֻðѼ͵Ļ̽УĿԹؿ衣ӣ㿴⹷Ůⲻⶺô

ܲȥС踥Ц˵

迴۶ڿ踥ǳЦˣĬ˿ڲ衣

ƹ˵ٶȺܿ졣

һڵʳˮҿʼƷʳ

һԣЦʣӣū澸ˣʲô 

裺°ɣԼԣعҡ

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Ų豭ǳǳżŶӵˣ
䳤£ʳ˼̻ɣʶ˶֪ʵ㡣

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ָﳯһʺȥһ߷ɣһ߷Ŵһ޴İȦڲʺϡ

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ʦǿȥɡĵǣ˵Ĵ֡

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17.   17    Ͷι


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踥һۣǩ̵سһڡ

ζȷʵ

Ȿ⴮ⲻ֪ʲôֻһ̼ζٵ⣬಻٣ǡǡá
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踥ɫȹϵ˳ƺδ̫

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ΡΡģſ

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ʲôƹ񣿡

һ׼˫۷Ź⣺ɿңһģؽҪʦ֣ԣͽСɿ˵׼Ĺã



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ɫѾڣǽֵϵȴԽĶ࣬ر֣ǽһͷܶÿһ䶼վˡ

׳ӻŮ˻ܽǺͯȫԼĵ߳ţϡ
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Ϧҹ䡣

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ͨͨĳкӻһǺӣǧӰĵƻӳ




18.   18    ⲻǸĺĹ¡


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һֹ̲ױڻĺͯУҲ鲻Խ̾Ϣ

仯ڼ

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ӻƲӻƵĽڵƾͷɵüߣһֱڸ߿հ裬էһĽƵġ  
ɫĴߵҲƮúܸߣٶȼ죬˵ľһἲһḩأƮ˺ϣںŤƮƮ
ƣҲλãźˮȺħ衣

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һȺͯΧŴ

ٺ٣ײҰײң

ײˣЦܿĴ󺰣㶯̫ײǣ׷㣡

ЦһһԶȥ

ɡ״ͷתɡذɫģ糺һͼйɡҲƮڰС

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踥Цһҿɢһ



迴ʢҹҲ鲻ѵûͣɡɢͬɡƵһ̫֮࣬ɢɢһ

踥۾һЦش裺ιǽһ

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踥һŪЩ֡

˫۾üʱǧƹӳţʢǹ⡣Ưӣ׺Ũܳ޵βô


踥ӣ̸ϡ

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Ҹпĺְ
ͻůɫƹÿһ·˵ЦʢУƺҲů
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߹ϵĴģιɽˮģһһյεƣգɾҪٵһ˰

εƽڲεƣûڡ

ߺһεƵ̯λд
Ǹòˣһɰײۣݿף̯λԵһϣŻ¯ߺȣΪʡ
ΧкܶǧٹֵεƮתһյţͷƺһյͷƸۣԲۣͭڵ·ˡ

˲ͶעĿ⡣

ߺһŮͣסŲ
̯ЦǺǵкСε𣿡
ŮĽˣ֮ǰδεƣѯһεƵļǮ֪ǮϾ͸ԥɫ

̫ˡ

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ǰεƿɴٳɹԵ¹ټѻ

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̯Цеģ墹ģɣͷ֪й墹εƽڹ¡

ŮһȤ˼Ҹ£

а

̯ˬӦ

è󣺡ӣǹȥ𣿡

ͷ

踥Ȼϡ

ʩ˺̯Ů·˶ûôע⵽ǵĵ̯˿ˮֱ壬ƽ

˵墹ϽиС򣬽岨򡣡

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ɣͬʱС

СֹҪָΪ˰ɣ

һ̯𣺡ҾָΪ顣

ЦЦ

踥Ӵ﷨ͳһѹӣ裬˶һ㣬

̿ĵؿĹӡ

˿еĹ̵գգۣ޳ָץһŹӷŵߣһ죬Ƥ롣忡޹˵ֿΥ͡

踥輷ۡ

迴һָۣеĹӣָؽ̣ʱйȫȥǣ¶Ĺʡ

踥Ȼ㻹ַأ

ƽؽеĹһſŷŽС

ǰΪ˰ԴСˡ

踥˿ûбɽĮӵشչѹɤ˵Ҳѧ̽¡



򵥵֣ɫѩƸ

踥ɳԱֻȥ߷ߵشĹӣ꣬졣

µ̯δϣüɨܡ
кڣҵõ˭ڵΧкܶ·פĹ£ͣߴ١

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ɤӣɤš

һһŮҲ֪ǲ̥ͽԵԵʣʱ͸׽

ĸ۴ޣֻһޱǸˡ㿴ңҿ㣬Ц˵棿

Χ߷׷

棬棡

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޻˵÷棬ȫ֧֧˵ת쿴أǲԷĿһϣ˫˫˸

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Ц̯λΧŵԽԽࡣ

̯費˿ڲˮǵưҲǸ£ҵദ취

÷ϲԺӣÿμժһ֧ʵ

ںߣһĬĬӣһͷĬĬӡ

踥ȻֱһѹӣȻС

Ҳû⣬ָٴʹðӿǡδʣһֻ͵شڳȫץߡ

תͷһЦü

ллС衣

踥ٴαһѹӣѸٷŵУ㣬βˣˡ

ޱؿƬ̣תͷȥ

踥̵سõĹʡ

̯սȥȻÿμ涼ܴһ֧÷ˣΪκĲкɶʧˣҵأǴժģ

һԺӺ÷ڷܡ

ԭڼڸ׵·˰ļ̣ʹһļժ

÷һ׸׷̵жòˣŮֽߣһͷ˵һԳС÷Сǣȥĸ顣

ٴغЦ

̯ȴһ䣺׻˵Եÿನۡ

ɻǰһգλڵĳϾ岨򣬷ʲǸӣΪȼ棬š

г̴æҪ޷岨යڵĻѵã÷ɻ飬ֻܺٱǰŵʮͻʱ˷顣

Ҳˣɫ̣ⲻǸĺĹ°ɣ




19.   19    ὫƵա


ֶ̯Ȳਡ

ʹߴ١
أ

̯²ˮط±ӣʮԼˣгɣԼŷƸһͬţص岨򡣡
˿ȴ̯һϧûҵΪ岨ʧˡ

ͻȻ
ʧˣôʧˣ

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겻ѡ

޳ȷʵǺܳ飬ǰһŹ˱ϹʳĲ£岨Ҳʱ˲á

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Ҵ˿е֪ʼĩŭĿѣʹ֮ĶҪͷޣƤǣ࣬硣

Ůۿ죺ǡǺɱ˶𣿡

̯һٶʮأǧ࣬ҵͷޣ֮ɱ
ͷ­£ԭ岨򡣡
һٶʮȥ岨Ѿµԭеĺۼʧò࣬Ҳٽ岨ǽǶͷ­ŵ岨ȥ岨ˡ
֮صڣӴ˱Ų
˺£һֱȻһҲûж飬Ҳûҵ£һ

ʡ
ôãεأεƽʲôأ

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ֹ˲֪꣬ѾΪ龳ĴܣһΪɽ׃ǵƻ貣ͽ·פͣ

˷ܡ
𣿡

ͷǡ̯Ц۾墹ûεƽϰ׵ģǵεƽΪ죬ڴ˶
εƽڷǧɿ̯ƣ΢˺÷岨ʱʱ⡣
ƣ룬ȻεƽڣҲһյεưɡ

һյƣˡƻλƵƮϣ˳źӵƮΡ

յƱһ˫ס

Ѿ˷ˣԼµĹ£סشߴ١
콲콲
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̯ЦŵԼƣտһŽݣݱƹյãһ京ẉ̂Ϥ

ֻ֪صģеδֻؾͻᱻ𣬶еǿֻܹͣضת

Ϥݣ˶ɵˣֱƵС߹Ҳûع

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˵ҺϲյεƣҪǮأ

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СΪǸɵӣźƣƷˡû취εƽڵĵȻŵɣ·˿Ҳ棬ӵֻҵˣ̸Ȼ͵ԡ

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ˡ
ԵŮӿʼ۽ǵᡣ

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λ龳Ĵαװͨˣ÷סԺ˼Ժӣסˡ

ٺأ

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ȿʼŮǰ಻סˬһյεơ

Ҳ׷̯λϵεƣò֡


ǲεƽٵԵģ̯ǰĹ´
ΪҲ͵ٸòͷɡ

̧ҲһյεʱԶ˾
Ҫŵˣ
һҪ׽

ɻؿ

ͷӣū֮ǰûý˵ȥ

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ǶеĴͳÿǳεƽڵһյεƣǳ֮ΪͷźöȥһƼͲ֪ʲôˡ
׽ܹһĸ

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һ
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ȺȻɧ
ֻһ޴ƴӳķȻܳ
׼׳ʱһԾɸߣȿֺȥץơٶȼ죬βͶûѾ߸Ծա

澳ˣ磬ʹȺ·߿׽ơ

ȻδЩ˹ƣɫƱһ󼲷׽ۣһŤƼ档

һֻץס

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ΪĴڣ˶޷ֵ˵ݣֻ֪һŮһǿͨ׽ס˵

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Ȼȷһ飺͸ң

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踥ˬ˵ǵĶӡ
ϣȻСת˲ֻʣô
һѽ˵УȻм䣬Ϣ˵صͷ裺ҵأ

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û˵Ŀװ׵дţʲôأ

踥˳ǣƤЦⲻЦһͬʶģȴùۣǲ̫˵ˣ

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ǡˣ

뵽ɽ踥ȣ̾ϢһɽŮҪʲôεƣҽΪ׽

踥еƣ˵ǻյƱȵùô

赭ʣΣ 

踥һʱҭס
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ˣɽŮδˡ

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ɡ
͵ȡ

嵭ŵ踥һ㶡

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踥Ҳû뵽費ĥӲݣôɾͬˣ΢΢һ㶺ɲųһܽޡЦݣ˳˵İ𷴻ڣ

ѾߵǸεƵ̯λǰ̯˼ңǷεƵĲϣ

̯ƵȻС

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ǿ̯Ҳϵĺֻܸоһͨ׺Եѯʡ
׽˶ᱻȺΧܳټں£ǽľͺһĹ򣬴ҾҲҲǸ׽ˡ
ڽϻѯ˭׽

̯ų̯λϵĶҵһһܣƤѩƤֽǠƤ档
ľǣľоƼܡ
еĲϼ۸񶼲һ֪

裺õ֣

̯Цݸ󣬽Ƥľоóܡ
ƤοεƿɷŰ겻áľоѣȠƤˣľоʮ㣬ɵ
Ȼϼ۸Ҳ󡣡
һƥƤʮ飬һһɳľоһٶʮ飬ľ

裺ģ

̯ЦǺǵͳһָ׸ǴڷĶеģʮһ顣

轫һƷʯŵ̯ǰỺҪһƥƤҵľоԼεġ

̯˫ֽӹʯ
ҳָʯɢȷϣģ͸°ɫʯͷʯ
ҵԼأ
̯۾ֱˡ

һʯ⵭ˮ飬΢ҲԶԶȲʯͨٿҲһصƷʯ
һصʯֹ֪ˣ

ȵȣȥ㡣
̯˵žҪߣûô飬ȥ

裺ˡ

ҪҪģ
̯Ǹʵˣռ˱ˣҪȥ˶飬ԼӲϲѿ࣬æס̯һȰ˵
̫ʥŮǹԴģʯ⣬˵ˡ

̯˵ʱľо

踥Ӳϲϲ̵ذᵽǰգŴ۾ιھ  

豾𻰡  
뵽֮ǰǾ䡰桱ǵӦˡ
š

踥ű˵ҪһյεƣҪıյƴ󣡡

üһܾС 

ϹŰ׻Ѫϱǿ踥ķεԶʣ踥һյεơοƣ踥÷ƣɲʲôԤס  

Ϊʲô 
踥ί  
֮ǰûô˾ܾζȴǰڡ 

裺̫

Ŷ
Ӧ

費ٴ
̿ҵǵĻεƣǾ  
ܿ죬յεƴ˷ƮǰЩɫСһյյвͬ
䣬лεǰг룬תȫλǵչʾԼ

۲лεƵĹǼܹ죬ʼͷεơ
˫˳·ѩ͵֣ľо֮۳Ҫ״Ȼ󣬱֯սַٶһεơ  

ʱϰרע
ǰˣεҲˡ

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Ǹ̯˵ˣԵɵɵؿԼӡ
ҲڿεƣָԾսơ
踥Ҳڿ
ǽһĿתεƽֱͣŴξܾıƸҲˡ

һյɫĻг͡

룬Ӵ﷨ȡһ֬
֬ΪʥŮյĹ֮ǰûùǺɫȾɫۡ

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źɫ֬ɫ֬УڰС

΢΢һ

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ˡ
轫Ļ踥ǰ

踥ŵƿһᡣ
ĻΧκһյεƶÿΪ֬Ⱦɫ뵣Ϊˡ

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Ļƣ踥ע۾ǣҲգҲһˡ

̧ͷ΢ʡ
ʲô

踥΢΢һЦ
ͷ




20.   20    ໰


ع

ҹɫ貵ƻУһϼѤöĿĴ㣬űɴ㻪ƿǧƣι˺ٷ

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л

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ľʵصһβƯķβ㣬ղųֵεһģһֻǱСֻӤôֻ챦ʯƵԲ۾էһɱʯ˿ƬɵΡ

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Ҫ˵໰ҪǲҪ㣬군ˡ

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ҳԵö٣ԣԵö࡭ǡ
Ҳ˵ͷʺ˼໣ʺԼģ֪Ĺأͷʺģ

졣

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˵Ҫյ﷨С

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ˡ
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һ·;ûͣһ·NࣇNNࣇNһ·ͷҪ٩ϵӡóԵĶס죬ʧˡ

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׃Ϊĳǳ֮һ

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Ȼһº裬󷨡

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ؿ
β޹ίӴͷʲô˰ұҲǾû˵˰ʲôֱ׳


ǡ

ʶġϤС

費β㣬뿪ƿɴ˴ϡ
һ׵ٿȻĿԴ
ĿԴɵϵĸ䣬ŨʵʵԴԴϴԴɢ

ֲ
ӵʱ첻ᳱʪУҲе˿ˮֻ泩ޱȣÿë׶Ҫ̾Ϣ

ͨһŵˮҪΪ飬ҪʯԲϵꡣʱеˮ⣬ֻһָĹа鶼顣

ԴǼ˷ѡ
Ϊʯ
罫һԴʯ󣬷ԲһڵͨʯͷȫʯԴĻΪƷʯԶЩģƷƷʯ
ԴԵ

б£һֻ֧ڶǴһֻڸָ˫Ŀء
תɢӿڡ
û룬ʼʼɢصʵĹԡɢкīɫһޣҲݳԡ˿ͷϵԶűڻϵŮ

˯߹뷨

˯߹뷨԰ʿ˯д壬ʶ

β˦β͵ԼӴӴڴŵԴ۾һӼſԴϡ

ſССƵļԴס
еƵԽԽԽԽ

βҪԴˡ

˵˻ȥԴ˼ڣûҰԴ̵Ƥ

âһβ»صϡ
ɫâԶķϡ

Դеû뵽ڣŷϵҲմ˹⣬ϵķβƬɢع⣬һһ˯˹ȥ
.

һ˯òʵ

˯йһβûģ˯ȴ֪滻˵һᣬ˵仯𽥱һŽ欵

Ȼ踥  

ϣȻ˫ۣˡ




21.   21    ҹﶯܴ󰡡


ҹ᷿ž

뷨ֹͣ, Դɢ˼ȡ  
ڴ𣬻˻, Դս﷨

Ϸβܵ, һ䣺ŮͷŶȻûˡղǾƺλ

豾ϥ붨, ȴԼ׽洫ϸϸ

´
ȹȹк, ûбѹ۳һ˿塣

߳, Ŷ

ûз, ʱ
ధĿ, 紵ܵ, ҶҡεԼѩϸ춼ɲǹС

ѩˡ
ʺ¸ϸѩҹƮ
ѩСѩ, Ʈ䵽ȵľϣת˲ڻˮΡ

ͷһѩ, ȻŲĽŲ, ѭſ, ¥Ⱦͷȥ

ջĺԺҹɫӰ֡
Ƿ̥վڶ¥, ֻƼİӰ龳ȴĿ
ԺֵǴ, Ҷӵ²СӣϵʯԼھڱ, ڱԿջ˫氧Ůӡ

迪ڡ
ʲô

ƽ, žҹȴ


߿Ůһһ̴ٵҲһֹͣˡ

סƵģļӲھߣȲתشʻ
ҹ紵Ůӣֳվڶ¥
ϵķβһ飬ȻˣǱ紵ѣŵѪζҹҹҹ

һʾŮӣһ飬ʲô
һλߵϣͷȻҾܾ

ҡҡ
Ůӳҭҭ˫һһعͷ

һޱȿֲ
ҳڱ£ƤϾɵǽҰƬƬ䣬¶ݵĸ⡣˫ָУŧˮѪˮӿ˳ֱճʡ
˫ҲǸõġ
Ψһõģֻз϶¶ֻѪߵ


ͷķβû뵽Ļ棬䲻ŵþһӦʱ߳ŭشʬŴүԲԲۣ㣡꣡ˣ
˵βһ˦Ȼ¶ɭݣɺ۾

ڻĹУһֻϸץסβ͡

ͬ򣬷βȻС˻ȥ

ôˣ˭У
쳣ȥ
ʬںʬ
ΪβǾ춯صһɤӣջ˶ˡ᷿һյյŲңסڸ᷿Ŀ˶Ҵϡ

ŮӱŵòУͷֻʵڰӣŲģƺ±˿

ûȥ
ʶȴŮ·߲׽һ

迴ﲻϵĵķβ㣬濼ǽӵԺøס졣
ľвУ

Σգβ㲻ٱQֺõβͣסСĴָӣûʲôõȣ

ӣɨһȦһ


ʲô£

˹Ŀ΢ᣬʶɿָβҲƵĻصϡ

裺žλŮڿ

β̽ͷһͷûүҿǸʬģ
ǰԹһֻʬӣӴ˷Ŀһֻʬһֻ

裺ŮӲʬ
Ҳùĵط

ջ˺ܿˡ
˶ʩ˺Щ˲ԾغǣûѯֻǻţŻ̽ܣǽ

ջϰҲˡ
תһȦ·֪ʲôɫѿȻʼȰͶ޵Ŀǻȥ˯

ûʲôûʲô£ȥ˯ɣ
˵ƤϹأ

޷͡
ô֪ǱϹһʬأ
ƹǲ֪ʲô£

ִУ踥ɢɢس

½΢΢ңմ΢˯ѵ죬˯ƵĽ
踥ûߵԺؿŶ¥ˣ˯˻䡣
ȥ˯

ʱЩĴѲ˱óճմƵԭ·أǸƹҲľ㶵תطˡ

ֻʣǼˡ
ֺĿջѩš

踥˯ߣָͬŪҰ£УƺпĶڱһƻҰĶ踥ץУȻŲ
뵡ش˸ĹǷ

Ҳߡ

𣿿֪ʲô䣿ඦҲֻмؼѰŸӴ

踥Ƥ᲻µ˵
ݽˡ

ȴһݽ

ΪһֽѾڰ˻ʧܾˣඦ̫񹬶ûйطû뵽ƫƧ׃֡

踥˸ɴϻ䣬棬ƽĺֵĲݽ
ţ˽Իˣ˺ˣûʲôúģȥ˯ˡ

Ȼü
ŮԾˡ
ʶŮ˺С

˽ʶչںпŮӣȥ˵ʧԭء

踥ִ˸Ƿ۽ǶỨݽҲˣǲ˯ȥ˯˰

˵ղǣأԻȥ˯ˡ



ڶϡ
踥¥ʱ輸ԣƷĹһˡ

Сһ㣡
踥ָڿۿӣһֻ°ͣƤţԻڴϡ

ˡ
ôһ˯ӡ

˵˱踥εЦЦҹ

ô޷ǾβãοһȻ˻ȥ£踥˵ûûΡ

ЦԷǡ
ðɣȷʵˡ

»Щϵ

ң踥裬Ϊüҡ

ʱ

ϵ죬˴˶ѹ˵Ķ˵ѹɤû
һɫǻ׳˶ȿڣҹﶯܴ󰡡

ԱɫɫһݣӣǰڴУܶ˻ܳȥ˲ǣ

ܳȥ𣿡

ûЩ˳ȥͷСľʺϴ᷿Ϣ

ǻٺһЦҲǣҪʲôΣգȥ  

ҲЦһᣬƬüͷԴ˵ҺĪ˯ˣ֮ô֪ô

û˵Уһ˵ǻʱɴ۾òӣҲ˯Ҳ֪ΪҺҲ˯ˣҲΪΣһԣȻ⣡  


Իһʱ밲
ɫһһ׵ģе㱻ŵӡ

˭Լ֪ϢŪ˯ţᾪ亹
ΪϢŪ˯ţζܺذɱ˯У

Ȼ˷˰ɣջй죡

ǰ֪ķ˰Ū˯ȥġ˵᲻˴󺰵ġʬйأ

ɫǻƬ̡
ʵǸνʬҵ֪ЩüĿ

˾񣺡ʯֿ콲

ǻ˶٣Ҿ£ڿǣģҾô¿ܸջϰŮйء

 
ɻ󣺡ʯϢͨС˵˵

ǻŵøˣ˵ջϰŮԴݳǻ˹ֲܼˣһֱڷƽԷҲǽ͵ſڣߺٳȡ
ͷиĽСʵڵ壬ǰѷŵſںĵضϣԶԶؿһۡ 
ôţ

ŶϽҡͷ

ǻ¶̣˵߳Ŀȫǣ  
˾ǵḶֲ́ã˵Ƥˣ˵ȡʱҲͦСġǻ˸ĶòŰ  
ɵµ֪óʲôģѪˮ͸ˣϰǱ˰Ƥû˿  

ƼĽĹģͷСŵòûϵղűס˵ȥһҹجΡ

˵ºûסģǱǸСԺСϿһۡΪСǿţ˭֪ǻҡҡͷԸٻ롣

ƣôֲôʲôóǸӣ

ǻʲôҾͲ֪ˣҹŵ˵ģпܸʲôʬǻò

ͻȻĳĬ
ƻʲôò˻ͳصôһ˵ֲƺһһ죬沵Ҳݳǻ˻Ĺֲûˡ

ݳǣĪˣ

ʲô߻ҿ񡣡ǻӳ࣬ȻݳǲǧĪȥ 

˿Цȥаԭϣȥݳһˡ

㲻Ҫˣͷ

踥ûȥǻ֣

Ч 

ĦĴ죬ǻȻǣľżߵ踥ǰ

踥ȥ

ǻͷ߳亹ͫ鼫˿־壬ȴܿƵתԺȥ

˼ǻͻȻȥԺ֮£æ׷ȥס䣺ʯ֣ʯȥ
ǻ󣬺˾ôסߡ
˽Ƶǻǰȥ·ǻǾ嵽ʱ类һͷˮһ㶵˻ȥ

ǻǿڴá

ʱӼ˳ڵ㣬ͬ䣬֣ƽϢŨء

һֱĳ֡

ǱȴڿɲݵﱻקųڴãȻš
ȶ֭˶붯̣߽õ˽ŲסõСŸõ۾ԽԽҪ϶Ȼ

ʬˣ
˭ȷִ
˵ײײæӳã֭ûóžҪ

ҡ

ջϰѶҴҸļٵصǰֹЩҪɱˣɱŮ

С
踥ָġ

赲ס֣üҪѻʿסѻ˵ûͨˣѻԷͷˡ

踥ЦЦģġ
˵׽ס֣һָֻ̧鴥ģָһɫâ  

عµƴҪܵһʱûججɵ˳վţܵһж֪ˡ
۾ȡ踥ɫˡ

ɫ׵׳

֣ЦЦȴûаЦ⣬ַɭֲ֮Уͦ󡣡

ѻ

ӻ
ٶ۵תתܡ

ߴһĻ־񣬿׶Ҫɱʿſధ͵ĸףļɪͣ˫סգȻ󷢳С


ҪңҪң߿
ҲǸò˰ĽŮӣȴ·˹֣һҪ  

ۡ
屾Ѿˣ֮£ʼڴŻѪ

ѪˮָԴԴϵӿ½ɲѪ߰ߣҲճѪݣǿֲ

ָһŵҩУסҪ塣

䣬ŻѪص˽סѾԵϹĿջϰ塣


ջϰ役غԼŮ

ǻָȨ踥鷳սսس踥˸ͬ飬ƵĶŶ

һ롣
µǰصģСǵ£Ҳ뿪˿ջ

ջϰ屧ŮͻȻͨ˹¡
֪ǶǸˣܾܲȾŮԸҿջΪ꣬ǵĶ飡

̾ϢŽ  
ŮϰݽҲΪŻúɡ

һ仰·еĻջϰǱУɲǻǳϣɫۿɼһòҰס
ôôֻʣأ޷ܣ벻ͨ

ʲôݽŮֻǱݳǳȥϰһŻѰôôôʧȥأ
Ȼؿˣ

Ҳδ޽⡣
踥ڣ赭д

ߵߣָצͷ˸ץȡĶһżʵģɼĶıץ˳

踥촽΢޵ÿ˵ĶϡǹŲɹĶġ

ŵÿĶԽԽ

踥Ѿ˶ܿĻɫһףǹɲʧڿС

ջϰ¶ؿ踥жΪ踥ھԼŮ踥ͣˣлżϣȥŮ

˰ȴȻôѣƺԭЩҲˣһϢ

Ůûˣ

Ůôˣ

踥գգۣȻ˵ŮȥͶ̥ˡ

ջϰɲ۾ֱ·Ҳ걻˰㣬Ҳᶯˣһֱͦͦ£˵˹ȥ

˷˷䣬Ϊջϰעһ
ջϰתѡ
˽ˮͣŮϰݽ޽⣬ǾȲ˵ġ֮ǰû뵽ȥͶ̥δһ·
ŮĻǱǿֻأǻɢˣͬļӳ֣תͶ̥ʮ˳
˵תͶ̥ˣվŮ͵ŮֻȥԶܼɡ

踥˭˵ܼˣ
ļ䣬żתͶֻ̥Ҫ㣬ͻ㡣

һȣ˶ٺЦſοջϰ壺ȻˣǾĵȴɣ۰ŮŮͶ̥󶨻ǧټѰġ

Ŀؿ踥ʶ˰㡣
Ͷ̥ǵеֶΣɽŮôܹɣ
˵ӣֿԼӣ˾Ȼô𾪵ӣ

ջϰϢ£֣صض踥ͷмлˣ˺ҿջ͹ˣԵƬ̣ȥȡ֤

ΪŲɹŮ踥ڵһ׃ۣһССĿջ
ҪҿջʲôúţŮɡ

ںǧлĿջϰ壬踥һ뿪ҿջ

ͭա

ͭڡ
û붨˼ؿڣݽǿ£һŮӻݳǰģҾȶûȣΨתͶ̥

踥ɢ˵ʥµܲô

סŵʥµ䣿˵ʥµ䣿
ݽ漰ʥˣ

踥輷ۣ֪𣿡  

踥
ԷƺѾתҲȥݳףѻ֪ʱһɲǵ𺣬Ѿ٣·ٴҲӡǡ

ǰǰѷ踥º󣬸ѪƳɵĵҩ踥ҲҲ

ȵȡ

ʱ踥˵ʲôʲôӦġ벻ˣ
ü⽥

һ

ղʲô

ιǱŵ˰ɣ踥ǰ˻֡

̧ǰŶĿʻٻգգëûУղ˵ʥµ䣿  

踥пǰôȥݽҲ౻ˣ֪ʲôҲ˵

ֺõس踥Цè䣺Ů֪ôɺã˵ţΪ˱˫  
ûרñӣԴһײߡ 

踥ض˿ڣȻĿƳ衣

˼ԡ
Ҳʾ

ӭڴӴ﷨˿顭⣿  

踥۽һ顣
Էݱ裬ôͰѹӹʲôİɣǵⲻιô

踥λε̵˵ֻ


ϵķβˮúܴĻҳ԰ɣԸ⣡ԣ޺ββƵĿ˦ڷԾԾ

踥˸۸β㣬⣬ؽ⿪ҶƤͷҧһڡ 

Ĵ﷨רŴʳĴ﷨
һҹѾˣһͻøӲɵ踥ҭܣæȿڲˮ֮¡ 

踥ˬغߺߡ
һ裬һҽ¡

ơ
ര⴫û

򿪴

һըСɴ͸ĤλƵƮԶ䵽輸Ϻɿӣӯͭᣬ÷βˮǧɡ  

ټӴСɿУ⻨귨ϣ¶΢峺ЦݣҲ

.

Դ·йʱıء
ʱɽδ˥΢̫񹬡ඦŲɹ󳬼ҲѷɫʱδҲûн硢ơĴ󿰱ȴŵĳҡ  
йʱıأɽֻһڵĴš

ڶڵڣһ۳ǵĳǳء  
۳ǵĳк棬丸ǶڵĸȻȴ츳ѣʮȻѪɴͲˣһĳɫˡ

ʱ۳λŮޣʮͷԲһ䶯ֹڣɽǲ˹ɽš
ûϵλŮǸϲӣʮؾܾ˶ںɽ룬ɽʹ˸Сġ
Ӯˣɽʹ߰档
ɽ
ԤϣŮӮˣɽʹ߰ȼ棬ӮõĲͷΪשÿ֮ţԴʽ̤;

˶δΪΪиۡλŮʵǾžޣɣҲտԼһΪĿǿߡ
ò˸ţ˳ΪϪӣܵ޵İĽ׷ 

۳ǵĳǸþ̰ɫ֮ͽɫͷۣǶڸ֮ӣϪ֮ʵ蹵һҪϪ£þֶ׷

ϪĻһҷ
ֻ˼ԷĸԸֵ̫ѿÿζίܾˡʤ֮뿪۳ǣȥĳǳؾס

۳ǴˣҲˣһձһոҪһҪΪ檣ҪıһҪ˳۵һҪɱ
ϪӵŴξܾһ衣
Ī衣

ϪӰᵽǳؾסľٶǳ׵תΪϺ⡣

ôϪأ

ɱ߽

Ϫն񾳵ǿߣӼһҲϪɱ
Ǹô죿

ҲǸ˲ţ뵽һģϪӵ⡣

һŮݳϪӵģȻˣɲƣص۳ǵĳſڡ
֮ϯ۳Ƿ챦ΪɽͶڵĵӣԼظǳصǿ۳ǲ硣

ǸŵӣİգԿϪӡȫ¶ڳŵģſһʱšϪӡָָ㣬ԻﲻϣмҪ֡
Ϫӱʱڻɱޣ۳Ƿһжһ֪

պϪӹ

յķͣѴû಻š

ϪԺһ·ϵĿ۳ǡ

ǱݳɡϪӡŮڳſڣÿȻſڿϪӡָָ㡣

ϪӣⲻǸصͦġ

˵ⲻϪӣǣҿǣܲʦŶն񾳣˽¾ǿ׻ӹ˸ʯɣ

Ĳ˵ʮܷһҹҪҪһϪӣ

߾ܱŵġϪӡʵ֪ϪӣЩӲ֪ǳĶ⣬ǰԻﶼϪϡ

ڼȺУϪͷ˳ϻ.㡰ԼҲЩԻ

ûն񾳵ǿ߻ᾭ衣

ϪһʱѪ嶥ŭɶʢŭ֮齣𡪡һâǵڳſڵġϪӡѪߣ˵ľУѪܵͷ­䵽ȺС

ǿֻӴܡ  

ûһӳЩǰһ̻ƷϪӡĵˣһͷ­Ѷ
۳ǵĳűѪȾ졣

Ϫ̤һѪ⣬ȾѪޣۣɱɱҪ˺档

˸ա

µĺҲ飬Ϫӻǰҹӻ˶ڡ

ϪûаݣѪ϶Ҫڽ档

ɶΪصڶţϲַĻϽˣҪὣŵ¡

ϪҲǸӣڲϽˣ͹һɱ붨ڡ
ѪȾգϪɱۣµĶڵ
ϧʵ񣬶󲻽ûɱ˺棬նһۣ˺޶ӡ
ڱϪɱôӣԲϰݣŭ´׷ɱȫصʿɱϪӡ

ϪӾʹʧ١
˭Ҳûҵ

һ

˶Ϫӣ涼Ҫ˵ʱòδϪӹ
ǰϪǵ뿰澳ԲĺʵԨ֮
ظº׼ĻǺݺĥһ顣

Ѫϴ˺ң漸ٸȫ¾ɱ϶ڣնɱѳΪĺ֮ɽ;飬һ̤ƽ˶ڣš

췭ظ֮Ϫٴʧ١

˰Ϫ֡

׼ȷ˵ûгֵ֣ʥ

ʱѳΪʥˣҲйʱΨһһλʥˡ

Ȼʹһ죬ɺʥ쳹˻أϵؾ˻شӴ˲ΪΥ߽ܵʥ˵ĳͷ

룬峯ݣмķԷٻ١

Դ˺Ϊ˽ɣ˴õĽ



½

˷·ûǸĶǵйŻг룬þ޷

૵ôɱԣǿ׿츳̧ͷһ˫èݡ

ֲþûмΪԭ¹ʥˡ
˻ļ꣺ʥ£ⶼȥˣţ仹ء

ǸҲǵ졣
ûҲôңҲôʵõһǿϧ

£˭ݳģ񡭡ֻ˭ݳӵģȻв¡

˸䡣

лϪʥˣ




22.   22    ޾


ҹ, пǧֹйи۳ǳиݳǳôô
踥һ, , ˷ɽŮ, ݳ³Ǳ۳ǳòȥ

Ҳ뵽ݳ, 踥׼δݳǳ

, һδá
踥޳һ, һظ, ַϥǴ, ָϥһһ㣬ĵ˵ֱɱƺܵðҵ

롭ԼݽԼã
ǰ, ĻǷŶȺ˺ҧ 
ǰĻһͷ

ʧ˵ǷŶﻹ࣬᲻̫, ЩŮܾĥء

踥һ˫һЦӯӯ, ƵСѾͷһû˵ꡣ
ѻȻܾôˡιһ, ٰ͸һλ, ͷ, ÿƬ⣬Σ
ɢ¶ȴǱٸµ̷, 赭дؾһĿδ

Ҳûһ踥̡
۾
⣡

һ˵ҩºѸ޲ȱ˴ȱ첲, ѷˣܽʿرҩ
ȻͬƷЧвͬͬʵʿЧҲͬ
ȷһλն񾳵ǿ߷һƷëķ̥ƷǿӶܳȫ
ּһͷͨι

ôһƷеһⳤһ⣬һ㳤һ㣬ԶЪֱȥ

һʱΪƣ͸͸ղʧȥŮĿջϰɣջҲҪô
ǿջϰʧȥŮضÿնúõкͣ

Ǹ˼ܵģתһ룺
ײףǿջģһʿԵɿۣȥô죿кµ˰ѻǴȡָŻصô죿

ʿֱܷ˵Ļǵġ
ʿܶ࣬ɱʿܶ࣬ĳҷĵʿҲúܡ

ð죬͸ҳ԰ɣұ֤ÿһڣΪֹұ֤βȦȦǳص
ջϰ岻ȣҪˣ

΢ŭڸӣҪҲðߣ˼ʹҲͷɫߣӦ

βһήˣ޺޵ҧԼβͽίͰ͵룬׽ɽûúóԹһأԣԣ

ԽԽί

βҧԼβһţ߷ߵشءߡһʯ۾Ҳһˮ⣬ˡ

ͻȻǳǳЦƿէƣ˶ġ

踥ԼĶ䡣
һҪôЦЦҪ

费һȦƢС㣬ɫѰöô𣿡Ȼһͷͨ⡣

ⶼɺã
ҹȫó

⻹࣡
βſԼβͣ岻䣬һڽǼҶƤһͬ£ͱɺࡣ  

ÿ˵Ҳ졣
ȻԵô⣬βһӸˣֵڲ輸ϹֻȦƤͱȥָԭ
ҰҰ죬һ˫ʯ۴س׼˲輸ϵСɣһβһ˦ڿշܲسŴȥ

ڰжס
һֻ覵׽סβ͡
轫ķβ׽£ģιһԴ

ķβɵˡ
û뵽ҹҪҪԴԶ͵ǰ

ллӣã
βѸղű׽βĲ̵ĵֵը̻ݺԴϲϲ븹С

ԴͲղˡ
ٴҲǷԴȻֻӤȭͷСȴѷβĶƤŵÿ͸
ðֱβһȥ˲С¯

β㷭ŶƤģ̯̱ú̬Nɪ룬Ȼľǵġ

踥˷βһۣϸղŵĻ⣺ǵʿᵷңҵ֪õط֤˻Ϊ⿪

Ȥ۷⡣

Ҳ̧ͷ

踥ء

΢
ǰѳඦΪ˶ඦ׷ɱҲأڽסһӡ
ݵأǾ޷̤룬ķ̥ΪطգĹϵصϲܣ˿ڷǳʢ
ʿԸ̤ǹʿµĻȷʵһ˵ĺõط

踥ʲô°ȻصȴȤ˺ܶ£˵иĹ¡

ָ˱裬´ٽһ¡

踥Ҳ˵
˵һλƶˣ˲ɼ⻹÷򣬷ΪɼҲΪõģԼΪҺںȲһۣҲòһ򡣡
һҹ·Ϊ·ӱߣȴСˤһӣǸ˺
Ǻˮģּڶ򱻾˺ˮʧ
˼̻ĵſںӱߴޡ
ʱӵĺͻȻ顣  

ϡ治ѵʣǺ𣿽ؾȻк𣿡
˻鶼ܺɽǴδţôһأ

踥Ȼк飬ǽصԼĹ¡

Ȼ򣺡Ŷ

Ǻ飬ƽصվںϣЦеؿˣŸŸ򡭡

ȵȣȻΪģн򣿡

Ǿǽ򡣡
踥õƳһۣٴҡ

֪ɽŮûʲôӣŮҲЦ˸Ҵ˵ƣŪ˹ȥ

踥˿ڲȥ
Ǻˣ򰡣򰡣
˵ҵһͨ򡣡
𣿡
˵ǡ
ʵֹǸˮ򻹸ѽһͬ͸

ŵ߾û˴Ĺ£СҲ²ģ˳ʵһòȥɣ

踥شӱ

赭պ񣿡

踥ıɲЦݷٻʢţ֪ҲҪץ֣ܿ踥Ҳ⡣

ǾͶһЩˣκѼٹ±档

踥Ӵ﷨ͳһž޴İֽǰֽ޷ƮСֽм䣬Զüֽ˺ͺֽ˺ȻǸղŽģһƶˣ·ϻŲ֡
ֽͭϣȻԼƱƤӰϷ

ֽͭ߰ߣȻһӣеУؽһˮźð˳
踥ԱЦɤ˵ѽôжҵͷĸ˰
ԭǸСһﰡôڿޣǵʲô

ֽͭϳޣңҵ˸򡭡

ֽ̧֣£ڶߣʲôϷʹ壬ʲôţҲ²¡ֽ˫УںͰ͡

ʿһĿֽϷ
۾ȤֽϷҲס棬Ͷͭڿֽ˱ݡ

Ҷֽͳһ򣬽ֽ˾ͳһֻ֩룡

踥һָղٿͭϵֽˣϳ˵ģºֻ֩ء

ֽ͡
ⱦֵǵĴ顭

ֽ˴Ӻ˫һͷĲϵȵĴͷװ֣ܺóҳԲ޾أ

һЦ
޾

ͭϵֽ˳ϻ̳Ͽ֣ǣҵһͨ򡣲֩벻ҲǴ


ֻһѩ׵ĺֽȻó٣
ֽм䣬ȻһЦгɷĻ

̫⣬˶һÿЦ

ţǸúӣֻ֩룬Ŵ飬ֻ͸ɡ
ֽһֽֽֽֽ֣֩ͷȥ

ֽ֩ϣŵ˫裬һη鴤׻裬ͭڵͷĵͷ±˵˶̲סЦ

踥ʳָٿֽˣЦӯӯؿ衣
ȴȻɫ壬˵Цˣ˫ƯĵɫҲûһ£һĴˡ

踥ϵЦʱȫʧһ˲ȫޡ

ڷٱ۱ֽܵˣԭصĺֽˣֽʲôȫͭȫƮƮƵصһʧԣֽͨ

踥Įص˵ָ⣬ֽֽмԷٳɻҽ




23.   23    ϧֻ񡭡

׷ɽŮôͻȻͲ, ֽȫյʱƣ֪ʲôʱԴ˵Цʲôʱָñ, ǵͷĿˡ

Ҳ΢Ц

һƬС
׿⡣  

ʱҲ͸Ĥͭ, ˵ǡɽ㵽һ 

˺ܿƿߡ  
Դεƽƺ, ߲, ƿĿ, ԭ嵭Զ  

Ȼջ, ˵ݳǵˡ


ͭ, ˫չ, ޱܼɵؾֱʻ˵档

ݳǽΪĳǳˣҲûӴķзͭغЩ˵ĲĿͿֻš

貽ͭܡ

а֮Ƶķǳȣϵ̶Žգļȫ, Ůͯ

˸·ʻģ

·սսغһµǿ, ָָش, ǡ 

ߡ
ͭ, һ, ķӶȥ

.

ҵĳ

¯ð̣˹ůˮˮһ, ಻ɷ֡ᱡɴմˮһſˮ飬Ʈ

ݳǳˮ˵ԡ, ڵ޴ųر߹Ůūǡ

ǶʮĴ׳ƤڵŮūе޷, ѾСˣеأеϳаߵ̥ǣȱһֻġ
ŮūԹ˳ӵشԴһԲ 

һһɨȥüͷԲ
Ǿۣһʪϣ׿ԡرߣֵ΢΢

ܼ֪Ůūò󣬹żСĵ˵ˣū澳ŮūСģòϾ͡ 

ҪϰʹóҲ澳ʿ澳ŮūůõŮūֻͬҪϰ츳Ȼòª
Ůūòª۸òŮūˣһٸòŮūҲһ澳ʿŮū

ôûеʿ

ܼɫࣺ⡢ΧĳǳشЩвԸŮʿˡ˵УʵƭƭŮʿݳǳʯֲΣյĻ

ˣŮūŮūͳˣôЩôЩҽô

ܼɫˣǿ˰ڵˮˣΧǳصķԷ͸˰ĿǼù¡

ͷ˵ǾȥԶĳǳҲҪҽ𣿣

ܼȥԶĳǳ·;ңԶҪأûһػز
̫󣬳ǳǳ֮ңԶûззԼͷޣҪһءҪ·;в֪þΣյ˻ȥû顣

ˣҰҵķз㣬ȥأٸ˵ӻ˵ڱﰭˣһʼ

ܼæǡǡ
ųرߵŮūǴ˸ơ

һŮūˮŮūƫȥ

ͷԡرϻʪԼһưˮǰŮū˵ķѧ˰ɣ

ѧˡ

·Ȼʼ

ŮūӦǣԼѾʪĴֲ·ˣڳرߣȭһߵǰ
ūеûѧôźˣڼȻ¡ҲֻҧӲϡ

ŮūһʼĬ

ģоԼƤڷ̣ԽԽȣԽԽȣȵսĻ̿Ƥմˮζһˮ

ͬʱڵƤɫ㽥ףЩϰֲ̱ĨƽϸƽҲһ˿ۼ




оԼĹͷڸ֨죬Ҳڱʲôʹޱ֣亹乣ҧȴҲƲסʹ
ι֮ʹ𽥰θߣ޳˶϶ȡ׳ϸ׳ȱȳơ

Ҳڷұ仯
ֲڵ»ͷñͷ̣ͦɽþˣ۾Ҳ״繵һۡ

ŮūʹˣճյصͷԼõ壬ڲס𾪺ϲá
ѧᷨһҲǵһοЧֱֱ

֪ʲôʱϵǶһǰˣ޾ĳԺ

ϧֻ񡭡
Ůū񣬶ݺݵһ§أ鼤ҵ˱

Ůūǵģûô׽ԼͼݣӲסˡ


ɫһ˫۾ȴ᲻ñգǰˣҪȥ

ת˲š
ִһѽƿ

žડ
컵ķΧδɢ䲻ģһѪƤյ䣬ˮѸһźɫֲȻ١

ͷһķסԼ۾Ϣδƽȣһָֻź棬ǳ⣺ӺŹ
죡

ѬŮūؿųƮŵǿƤ⣬ˮԼĵӰȻ˫ֲԼա

ɷѸȥ

ƤѾԭֶڵӣûʲôǣӾȻá
δ֪˻ã


һƿ־ļлδͱһסͣűˮ𣬼СƵļ첽Ӻ˳ȥ

һŮūһ߽

۾·Ȼʼ㣡
ŮūȻ֪ǰһλͬ鱻ߣ·ˮȻҪĬĵķ 

һһ

ԡصˮδ䣬ʮλŮūѾġϡ

ûй꣬һԱ۾ղŵԼʹһʹһˮ̾ϢɽŮɽŮ

ȥ̨ɻһͳ׳ڷɽŮȹȹ֮£κرҲֻܿаһο˼

ˮֹͣζ

֣ذѹܼҺ˽Լķз˦ѻ𺣬ڡ̡ϾͶȥĳǳظŮūҪٶʮʮģҪٸǧ֪𣿣

ûӵйãһӵй͸Խֻ볤þõؽľɫ§뻳С

ܼҹڵϼзӦǡ

δ˳ȥĿ⴫
ʹáŮūһǵڿٸܣһʹʶе񱻻Ϩһ޷ٶ

µǣǿʼŻѪ
֪Լƭˣûô򵥣֪գҪĴۡ

⣺ˣǵϣɱˡ

ùŮ޶ɱˣģ򡰺ġǻȥǻȥԼá
Լ١ġ
ΪЩĵ˻ŪΧĳǳشЩԷƵֻðԶĳǳء

ǣˡ
ܼ˳ȥ

ԡ
̥ŮսսΪ߷˶·СĽţΪ˿Ь

ʱॡһ

ͻȻˡ

ʪȵĴԡˮӿȥĺӿźһͬģǣЦķɽŮ 




24.   24    ѪҺȴɻ


踥ûú

ֱ㶵ؿ̤ķɽŮ, һʱûзӦΪĸûӵŮū
ֱѹͬ޿ɺƣصѹڵ, ϥѴʹʱ, Ŵ˸, Ȼˡ

١ɽŮ
ڵ, ־̧ͷ踥, ʼ

һʲôĽʲôԶ, ͷĿ־ס, Դֱ, ÿë׶ð亹ֻһͷϺ

ˣˡ
ˡ

εԽѹԽأڱѪӿ, 亹һ£ϥǴȹǷ, һؽذȥ, һ̲ѹ

Ůûиܵѹ, ⸱ŵ÷׷Ӵܡ

踥üŽűߵ̲, ΢Ц㵨ӲС

̹ǵĿ־

ûɽŮ
Ϊ˵ݳˣ׃ԷɽŮ˵ҲƫƧС, ̤㡣ҹŲɹǷǳңԶģݳǾССɰһۣɽŮôأ

ƫƫ, ֪ˣ

ϵÿһⶼھҶ¡

ꡣ
ܵĹ
ѹϼѹ߹ѹ飬ͷ­Ҳȵ¡, ɫҰף亹죬ˮ

踥£Į˵㶼ʲô

˵һָЩǺĶͷȥ

еĿ־ҪʵʣƴȴֱѹԭأŲһ綼еҪһ꣡Ů

ѻм䶼ᱻģЩ䣬ɽŮһŭҪǣͷˣתͶ̥ɵӣ

ôİ󺿽УǸָƵĴüġ

ָⴥɲǣãն
һʧˡ

˲֪ãָʶ
ֱԼȻ˼˲оٺΡΡصлŮ顭

踥Ц

飿
˵ָ⣬ɲǼ类ȼ͹ޣȻһ


ĲҺ

踥վۼĺɴڿնٿȻѳ貵ĳɫɰͱͬŭһڰкХǾڰ˻صӺɳ

Ӻɳÿϵǳ֮ӣǽڡʯݶȴȻѣգۼ䣬ڵ̼仯Ϊ档

踥վڷС

ӺɳٿȻգͣգۼӴסաɫǺӣŵľ޴Уֲֿ  

˲ɵӣ֪ǿߵǴͷˣҲ˲ÿ˶ĴӴܡ

еӺɳУȻʳٵɳХټĳд

е˱Ӻɳشؿƿͷ͸󶴣е˱ӺɳԣܳеȴӺɳס˿δر踥ǰ
ӺɳĽһѵ

ʮĳһϦ֮仯Ϊԫ档

Ӻɳ£ᣬѸСسԭɴ޺ģƮ䵽踥ϡ

ɱң
ڱղҺٶ塣
רĥ˵𣬻ʹú޲Ծȴֲȥٳɻҽ

踥ûűߵĻһۣĿͶǰʮŮū

ϰĲʲôݽһϰҩʯҽΨͶ̥һ;
ڣҾȥͶ̥
˵ҲʮŮūػֳצһץʮĻǾͱץ˳
ʧȥǵһ߾ڵϣȫ۾׻žı飬Ӧ

踥
һζľǳ翵ɣ쳹ءʥĶģʮѾʵĻƮȥƬ̺ʧ

ͷĿʮŻʧС
ǵĺһֱϣԽͰվԭأƾ踥  

룬ߵ踥ϣҪһͷ𣿡

踥ؿһۡ
⻹һ˵̫߳ˣ

踥˶٣ãֵ˷ѹϣĥһֱɢɡ
ǵ鲻࣬ûȻȥͶ̥ͭʱ˵ġ

農صͷ

踥бһۣͭϾӵĻ漣ĺЩ󷢴ȱؾĥˡ

һץֱӴȼյĴץĻǡ

ָսҪ֮ʱʲô⣬Χʯ

һʯѩ׵⣬ƿ˳

ʯ񼱼طŮϢŭ飡

⣺
ǵ֮һŸ߽û뵽ССݳǳҲеϵǿɽ

踥üң೤ϣ
ѹĻ꣬һж֪

ʯ񣺡ǡǣΨһѪ֪ⲻʲôŭŮµĴ¡ȻѾĥѵɷĻǣ

踥Цɡ
˵ָȻսɾеĻǡ

㡢㡭
ʯ񲻸踥ô죬һʱӦ

ΨһѪҪʲô͸ʲôҪժǲڴò⽨һݳǸôˣɢתͶ̥ĻᶼûУ

ʹǷɽŮҲδ̫˰ɣ

ŭӿ޷ƣһʯȻѩ۵Ĺâֱһʱֵ̫ն񾳵ѹ̳¿

ۣ
ʵ͵˿Ѫɫɷ׵عڵء

Ǽ龳ն󾳽硣ǰǶ꣬ټϲɽĴǿȲѰ龳ɱ⣬ûʲô󰭡

Ӵ﷨ȡ˸ȸӣϣȻͷؿʯĬָ̫зľĹâƣʱ׼һʯ

ն񾳣Էѹãٲʯķȥ

踥ն񾳣ʵϲ֪ʲô磬ӿѹƵ˵֪ﷸʲô£޹ҪûѹĻ꣬˵Ļ

δ踥Ȼָץצա

һֻľסʯ񣬽ӲӰק

೤ϺȻȴôѣŭ𣺡㲻ն񾳣ն񾳲Ҳն񾳣ûһоͱס

踥ôƤﲻͻʯ񣺡С裬ǰɫĻɲǸöĶ࣬

迴һۣûмƽ£ָһѩ
ֲȶʯ

೤ϾŭĿҪ衣
һն񾳵ǿߣڵĴϣôᣡҪ
ңң

߽ʴѩȶҲƽʯ

ܵ¶ȣ೤ϳ׾ˣԹ˻𣺡ңǾͬھɣ

ʯȻѿ

ʯ֮ǰһɲǣ˶оһΣ

˷Ӧ죬۶ٶ˸˲䱩һͷ׷ˣ嵲踥ǰ
ʱ̫̣ըɲǰ׷ӴĳſڲסԱˣֻס踥

ľ˵ͣΣĶ̶һ˲󷨾ҲӴ﷨ȡֻüþȫȥԼĺ󱳵ֵס˺

顪
ʯȻը

նǰĿֲѹХ㵴

űƵʯƬȳѪҺ˺ݺݵڵϡ

žȹĵɢâ˱ʯƬ˺
ʯƬ⣬ѪЩѪȹʱȹϵĵһ˲˻ŽЩѪ۶

ſϣ괫ľʹ

೤Ա˺Ҫϵ˺ͳ˺𵴣ʵ麣϶Ҫ侳硣

˻ͷԱߵĵѪ߰ߣɢȳζ

һ˲
̶ͫ׾

ǡħѪ

ʯ澹ħѪ

ѹҪѵ麣ǿµؿµûմħѪûմ˿

⿴ʲôתͷ޴׷˾ôС

ֻ޴׷ˣԾԱ̬踥ǰû踥մһħѪҲûнһʯƬ˱һ˿©ڹˣһɢ

ɲǼ䣬Ŀһ˲

Ӳתͷ˫۷ſգؿµˣ괫սʹʹˣѪҺȴɻҡ

žણ

һι̵ˮ䵽˵Уҵ౻̵Ȼ¡




25.   25    ǰǲǼǡ

Ҫſʲôʱ򣿡  
踥ץĸ첲, һѽקĿⴥľʱĿסɫʱѿ

Ө׵Ĳ, ȻմһħѪ

踥üȥǵħѪ, ħѪѾƤ, µǸӡ, ˡһգ, ǺɫӡҲȫʧˡ
󱳷˿մϵħѪ, Ҳˮɳڻ롣

踥ץ, üͷš, ҪħѪƳûɹ麣Ҫѣֻһ˿Ҫ, æȹ麣

麣ȹ̺踥ƿմħѪ֪֪㾳㵹֪֪

ʧȥľż, Ƶźһ, ͷ˵л

˴ӷ
֮ǰδΣͷὫ, , ǵι̵θĻޱȣþó, ֱ踥˵Ļվ

˽մħѪˣ

ͷĬ˿ı顣
ʱ˿ʯмħѪǱߵķɽŮȴɸɾ, 㶼ûմϻҳ˶Աȸ

ѿļžС
͡һͻȻһǳǳѩɫ, ˿ڡ 

̺̣
ϵķβ㱻̵໵һ˳㵽׸ߵĸ߿գŤ񴵱˵βͼ⡣

轫˿ϵħѪոɾ̧ͷ¶԰׵˵¡

ȷħѪĽˣıݺݾסһʱ֪Ǻá

踥ҲЩա
˶ΣѾ׼ýסռ䣬ñըֻ̡ǿ賯һˣһ˲ûը˿

Ǻԥһˣ֪ķԺлطš
ǻƵĻţ踥ûѹɱƣת̧ͷŭβ㣺кã˳Իʲô

βڨӵ߿շЩ
ըٵɲǣҲоΣգɿķУûմʲôħѪ

踥ŪβӵС˵
˵ħѪὫ˵ĸŴ󣬸ԽħѪɢԽ֮ԽСħѪɢԽǸһˣӦòᱻ˵ħѪɢء  

踥۾һɻҪָȻһʴѩ

ѩѸӿյ踥˵Ľ£ֲȱƵ踥ˡ
׵ʴѩΧħѪɽɾЩķҲһͬճɷɻң汻յ硣

迴ȸӣ˵
λɷҪմħѪ

ȸǷƷڲԳһռ䣬ʲô֪淢¡

ûԥá
ħѪ¹شǰӦڡ

迴踥
踥üͷ㡣

󷨾ȸ

ȸѾˣ汻ٵñؽﲻģ𾪵Ŵ죺ôˣ
Ҳյ̫ˣض硣

̵غ˵£ſʼ編̫ϵڴ˵طħѪ¸֪̫񹬣̫˹顣

ڵĳϣڻ˲ħѪ

ָֻ˴ǰĵĮģһ˵޲˭޷͸ûб

編
ûи̫ԼħѪմ

̫񹬵ʥŮմħѪһ˳ȥ˻ضƽ
ҪǣʦΪġ

ֻҪ鴦꣬һƧ֮ԲűƳħѪƲħѪʴѩԷ١߾ڣȴδ֪Ŀֲ١

迴ˣ˵
ڴ˵طֱɡ

˸ղһֱ˼ħѪҲûкඦ磬˻Ȼ̧ۡ

˫ǳγݵ˫ϸϸĲɫָӡ
ü΢΢šţкܶ໰ʣ˵ڵȴǣǻ̫񹬣ǿͬ·طֱ𡣡

裺Ҳ̫񹬡

ĬƬ̣ǡɷ֪ȥ

ҡҡͷߡ


˺Ȼס裬ͷؿǰǲǼǲʲô

ߣѩûС

踥Ա߱Ц˵ħѪŵմҲԹ޻ڣĽǲŵġ

΢΢תͷŵض
һղŴӦմħѪ¸ģ

Աߵ踥ĻͬһתͷĿİͰ͵裺ӣҸոտܶˣɽŮղ˵˵մħѪˣ𣿡

šüҪش踥䣬ĺɴԴһ£һ۾ֱ

Ƭ̺ԴɻĴ̽
ףҲ𡭡ôˣ

ļصȸڵʱ

踥ûȥƯüƵ˵ħѪ˽Իɱôûɱҵĸо

Եתͷ

˵ˡ

Ȼ¶ı飬Ӳתͷӡ

踥ٴһ䡣

ٴʧԴɵͷɵԵĴתͷףҲ𡭡ôˣ 

踥û񣬵ͷֱ裬ͱˣشҵ⡣

ΣûУҲɱ㡣

㲻̫ȥ

һЩ˽¡

ʲô˽£

ɽŮδ̫档΢䡣

ħѪ֪ʲôʱͻħһܵҹŲɹɢħô죿һд𣿡
壬·ħѪȵ

һ

ٴħѪֵҲɴ۾ı黹δ¶ͱɴڴԴףҲ𡭡ôˣ 

شңմħѪܣ

ףҲ𡭡ôˣ 

ʲô

شңմħѪܣ

ףҲ𡭡ôˣ 

̣ҵļ磬ĸ£ҾͻһƧ֮ħߺУŲɹڡ

һʧףҲӡ 

޿ֱ̣ӽΡס൹µ΢ŭɽŮˣкλҪʣ

ûлҪʣֻһ仰˵

˵һȥҵļ¡

踥Լ侲б鶼䵭һȥɫĬһ˲
ԱƳħѪһ֮ǰԼħ

ͷһ㶵̧ͷ  

˫Եһ۴˿ض̲ǿƺԸ˵ħѪܽһ㡣

δڣ踥ͻȻǰһĴָĶӡһ£þˡ

ͷѩɫӡǣʱƲ۵ĺ˿عѩɫԵ

оȵģָüʲô

ǣҲ㡣踥ûʲôЦЦЦ
һѷһ
ɽŮûʧ

ѷֺϵˮѸٺ£

£֮ǰִƮš
ҡ

豧ŻԵʧĵطվ˻ᣬͷζơ

ǰЩ£踥Ϊѡཻѡ  

ųͭ㳵վͭ׸嵭ֹ񣬱סô˵ӣҾһˡ 

˳Ĭص˵ͷ

һۣͷȻͭ㳵 

ͷһ˫ͣͭ㳵ʡ

ͷĿͭ㳵Զȥ

ۿӰʧʱͻȻ˸䷨Ϣظȥ




26.   26    ļ磬Ϳ


ͭ㳵, ںصƲмٴ
޴ͭʵڣһְ׳̫ƶŽ嫵Ļ

Ͽﷱ, ľʳ, ¥ôӥ, ʳΟ, 쫷ĶȺ, ǻڿյֲ޷ա
ЩϡŹֵĶ·ͭ㳵ʻ, Ҳÿ

ڡ

迴Լơ

оʲô, ҲҲǵħѪ

ħѪ, ħҲʵڵģħѪǾһһȱ֤ҥԡ
򲻿ɴ⡣

һ, ĳһСɴƿ

γͷƢĵҩռ䡣
ĵҩǴѪ, һ߷õĵҩ, ϴ, Ѫ, ΪԵʣ漴ʹԴȥҲ򲻵

轫ƿе쵤ҩȫ, һ̷ŴѪĿѪ

Ƥͨ졣
ë߳顣

ϥ˫ֽ, ָָ̫ԨѨұ۽ͱϣͻͻؾ
ճѪҺһһδӴָĩβγܿڵϻһСݡ

ѪҺٶȿʼ

ȡһƿѪ, ȫ̷ȥ

ϧ̷ŴѪѪҺ

ʮƿѪоĳܶȵ˼ޣǿ麣ֳһʴѩԴ֣ǿʼһһش

̱ȴѪѰ

ƤòҰףĺһſðղϻϸϸϪ¡

ʱһһιȥ
ͭ㳵ʻƻ裬ִϼãҹɫ֣žҹдС

ƣ۾



һȫ黯ˮ
ʹ˸䣬кۼʧ١

ٴαĿʼڤ롣
մħѪʱʱƽĺſ˼Լκ

ֹ˲֪ãˡ

ЩϡͿؿܡ

ôͭǱӴεģǲ̫񹬵ݳǵ𣬻зɽŮôڣ

ӡ

ԡûۣĮŲɵϡ

ʱŵٿˡ
ȺСųԼĴڸС

һ·ŶϷûͣЪ

;ûп˵һ֣ÿһʱôѪһȫѪҺñԴִһȫʱ䶼Ŀڤ롣

ԽԽãȻ
оⲻǻ̫񹬵·ȥģĵΪһֱڴ壿

׷ʲô

ŷɽŮͷ˵ӵȥӷ·Ҳ»Ϊɽʯûаͭڼž䣬Ƿһ˵Ĺȥ˸ҿڡ

ͷϵ
ճֵķβ㶼һ·˰ſڷһ

ֻܰʺͲ̵۹۱ǱǹģĿ

.

պ
ͭ㳵Ϳ߽硣
˿ʼŻٶȡ
ֹͣڤ룬򿪳Ʋµľɫ

¾ļ磬Ϳ

ƬϣС嫷ǣɼ
кܶҵǿ߲ԻϮǿʢſϣ޷Ϊ丽ܶԷӻ
Ϊ˱ⱻˣЩ뾡취볬һЩ

󳬼֮Ľشĵط

￪Ľǿ䵽ЩơɢɢĹٻͬУҲһȥ

ͿĹҡ
ڹһλ̫񹬺ඦ紦

ӿܿ岼ĳǳأƽĺһǳһũһʢҵģ

ŵϤİĻ棬ۿ΢ȡ

ҼǵͿĿûڵȻ

ͻȻ˵˸عǵӣū澵ĸͿū澱ΪͿ

գգʪۿ
ĸ̫񹬷֮ӣĸͿ˵󣬵ʵλͨ񹬵ӣĸ׼޸ףﰵ˲ίġ
ĸ˿ߣ;Сʱ˵ͿûͿǣͼͿɽͿ˵İϤ

⻹ǵһμͿƲס

農صͿҵļ硣

Ȼ̧ͷŵۣ𶯡
ӾȻͿ

ס
ǡΪʥŮĳͿӦȮܵӻ޶
ˡ

ȵȣһ£γʲô˶ʹһˣĪΪԭΪͿ

һ˲ͷתȴѯʳڡ

ͭʻţͿһСϿա

ͭƣһ䵽С

Ǻƽ
һ۵Сһ۵Сӣƽ±ͻһŲˣҲԶʲôˮ

Ⱥ۷ĶҲǣĶţ¿ʲôޣֱλڽصС
羰续Ҳʢ

µĵطǶС
ȫϼˡ

ե͡
ˮĶ۹ժĶ۹ϣŵߺȵɣǣŸӵ̣ߺȡ

ʯ̲ˣҲܳԵ̲˰ֻҪöͭһţ
߰ͣСۣʵĹϹ߲ˣϹ߲ϻһ㱡ѩµĿɻⶳˡվسŰˡ

еУһֻ۵֥Сɳĵ䵽ͷϡ

һ·ķβ۾һʱ˾ֺõСŮͷˣҰԵ

ǸͣС棬Ϳһ˫ĥƵͨ۶סͶԱ֮£۴󵽿ֲ
źڶ·ɽ쳯˿

С𣬶㵽ĺ󱳡

ˣβСУβһŤһԾQ󱳡

֥Сӣβ׷

β׷ᣬ˻СɳȥƲѣĺԵ

СоһƬѩԣ嵭ص뵹סĿȫǱѩĿİס

СýӲϸϸĳ㼫ϣСûд

βɵˡ
СɳҲ̫˰ɣ

Ҫǰβ϶ܲ˵죬׽ӲݡڡβСɫҶ֡

ˡ
Ĳ鲻ԸطŹǳӣ˰βͣصϡ

뻹ǲģ͵һԭŤβͳ£ͷ£һ˫ԲСɳ档

бһֱ氡ͰԵ
С

βĵӣС氲ſţһ

ûβҲûʲôСӣӵȺУ׽筼ҵĶԻ

һ¶ݵƤ£Ȳģɫ꣺筼Ҿôʵ

ԶŵĻɱ߱˵Ҳ筼ң˵筼ҵĴӡ

赭Ըȥ¡

ǣ




27.   27    ֻһŮ


ֱߵԱʻ
һƳ, һɴ󺺶ֱۡ¶һΪﺺŵսսںǰʲô˵ʲôˡ

վںϵ, 
Լ龳ߵĶ, ʹŰľҲһ

ԭ筼ҺԼͬʱһʯ, , 筼ҰܸԼҡ

ʯһֺ΢ķɫʯ, ĩҩ, Ҳ, ͨٽʯɵְʯ
Ŀ˵һʾ޴ĲƸ, ƽȻۣ˵ļҶʹ

ҵֲסģվұȶ˭Ӯ˭ֿ

筼ˡ

ԼҲ֪뵽һԲԮ, 筼ҲܣǲҰܡ筼Ҵӱ˷˫, ǰ;١筼ҼǱ˷θ, ̱ڴ, ˵˶ˡ

Ӳ̯, Сɱϥأ, ūȥѪϴԼңѲµ筸ļҡ

ҡͷƽ˵á

ȡƿҩƿҩȥһ筸һƿ, 筼Ҽáһƿ¶˷ãΪ
筼Ҷ, 筼ҷͻԲٰȼ棬֮ţ²ҪܣҲĪҪ¶ݡ

ؽӹƿͷ
ȥ𣿡

赭ȥ

ãվ 

˵ȥ筸ȥҩ筼Ҽ筼ҷˣǰѵ˵筸ӵļңֻߡ筸ļӣ

ͻȻһš

ݴԼ̫񹬵ģʱǱЬӶˣûκͬҪ¶𣬲㱻ؤȥ

մƿֹͣ˼룬ȥ筸



筸

ֵĸۡѾûЦģɫͳӰ͸Źɭǰܣѹ֡

ԺʵĿ
谵ķڣſڴߣŴ˵ְһҪסҪǳŲס筼Ҿˣѹ

筼Ҽ筲ɫֽ˿Ѿԡ

ŷ˵ĲϿ޺ǼѵؽƤſһ졣

ֹ˿ޣϰۣ߰æĺѪȡСõҨǳǳףѾ߰筲Դ𣬽Ѫιߣеһڡ 
һֵͽޣѪºͣʧѪ̲

筲ſ͡

źСĵؽǰ׺Ѫι

ѪɺԵĴУ˳źȥϵսľιף˿ιףȴ筲Ȼҿ

ȣȿȣ
ɴʺѪӿӿ˳ճʵͷϣܿͷȾ죬Ŀġ

ι׵ĺѪȫ˳ԼŻ̲Ѫ 

һȷ·ʣµİ˿Ҳȵˣ筲ԣǸĻԡ

ӿ

ѾˮĲûٿ޳ƤĬĬᣬ筲ͷմѪþ

ѪʺһͷҲ»˸ˬĽ

һк󣬰Ͽ򴲱߷ŵģҲιȥĺѪղҵ̾˿

Щι¶٣ʱʱŴѱѪ֮ǰ֪ԭһ˶ôѪ

ҡվȥٿԼɷڶۡ

֪ˡ

筼ˡ

ûǿ߳Ż筼ҾһűϷֵķ⡣
⼸筼ұƲӣľֻˣһɷһӡԼҷˣʣµЩǾ˺СŲ筼ҡ

ܿ筼ҵᱻ˶ϣŮĻԼһס

ʲôʲô

һ͸ײײشɫţˣʯˣǡ˻ġ

Ϻݺ߬߬ӣ۾
˵ʲô˵޵ҧ

͸ʣڸô죬ˣôɨǴȥǡǸ˵ͣһϡ

ϷסſѣθϮָײ۳ľм̧ۣǺ⣺ǽòź»飬ߣ
Ѫ

޶Щ侮ʯˣ筼ҲܵʯңҲﲻˣֵѿˣճԿĻ筼ҡ

͸Ҵˡ

վԭؿݶԺ䣬ӵ΢΢ڶ¡
ǺޣҲжԴýľ¡

ƽ˺һԷȥ

鱦Ѿ֪Լ˻ϢڴĻƿžҵ÷飬Ҳҵϡã·뾳

ʲô裿
վſڡ

鱦һϾͱסˣȥ

һ¡
ϱѵŮ鱦ôһˣ˲ˡűסŮŮͷҵķ˿۲ѣ

ıĪҪٿˣֻһŮ筼ҵˣ˸ذ׼ңð׼źû¡ʯ˻飬ԺиõԵ㣬Ī¡

Ϣ˳ؽ筸һԺ筸˵仰

ֻһŮ

Ī治ģƫŮǼӣ

ôصУȼ棿Ҹĵҩ

룬û¶ȥʰϣȥ˸ʹˡ

ָ䵭âһֿŵɫС񵤣ָһ룬ҩʱѹɷĩ

ָĩ˵ȥ

̥񵤵ĩ˲۴ͣʧȥʶ

֪֣
˵ʱԾŵоֱðӡ

˽㶵˵֪

˭Ů

үͷ˵ĴŮ

үָ筼Ҽ˿ָϣ

ǡ

΢΢ü

ȷݣѯͿֹͣˣʾдӹ֮ӡСʱĵطӦûϵ

ŮԺҹȥ
ȥһۣһۣԺ϶ûˡ

˽Ӳػش𣺡ûԺӡ

Էأ

ûԷ

סԭסģ

˴͵ǰߣ˴ػصĳȣȵľ⡣ȸԾʥģ⡣

Сʱĵطôأ

˿ľŵĵͼƿš

֨
űƿ

֬ζҲ֮Ʈ˳

ɨµױ̨֬ۺУĿױƣɴᣡе¶ȱ䣺ס˭ЩһͲӵķ

ˣס筼Ĺƽü

ϸո˵Ļ
ҾֻһŮ

ƽüĪŮ

Ů

ɫһһס
筸ô󣬿Ӳ֪٣ӿճΣֲˣֻ뿪ˣĻסĵطûУ
ҪøסŮΪҪøһŮ

С̫񹬳󣬵ĸͿˣͨ˼ҵĵֲ֮ǲ֪öŮǵ޵ģ

Һûһ

̣ס˴ӹһڳ߽ڣ˰ϡ
߰ɡ
ȵȣ

Ǵùľﶼˣ

ˣȫյˡ

Ϊηյ

񵤷۵˲ɫʵش𣺡»մϲ

ɫԽԽѿմϲʲô˼ϸش𡣡

ˣҶ筼ҴԴȾԲµĶȻҪŶ¡

飡
û˵꣬Աߵİѱŭĵķѡ

ɫ࣬ŭǻݣҧססҪڻ龳ʿϢ

Чҵӣ̫񹬵ʥŮлµĴڣȻļңССĺƽ򣬱˯ĴƹŶҪ

ͷ·е½䵽۵Ľ䣬úöԴϼ̤ų⡣

֪ǰò𣬵ǻ𶾻ᴫȾЩ筸Щ˱Ⱦ𣿣

ڽϸղ˵ʲôֻһŮŭص

õúܡ÷

˱ŵ΢΢ɪ
񵤵ЧȻڣСߵᱻòܶһţȴܵڷ־塣

̵̣ÿҪˣٴ³嶯֮¡

߰ɡ

һȥҰϡ




28.   28    ݻӰ


ϻڰοŮ

鱦Ѿס, ĸŮϣһŮļ磬һĻ, һ¶ܰ, ûٵ߰Ƭ, Ե顣

ȴ޶˾ôۡ


ﻳ鱦Ȼһס, ˺ݺݵ˳ȥ, ֱӱݡ

۵  
޷Ժϡ

бһ, һϼ֡ 

ϼֳݶ, ը̻ٿȻ, סԷԷе͸Ѿ߽Աϼ֮⡣

鱦һʸɵˣһŴӻ嵽ϼֵıԵ
  
ݺݵϼ֡

һ㵭ӿϼ⣬, ʵȴʯӲײҲײһ˿ѷ졣


鱦ô󺰡

ϼӴ, 筸ڵȻܿ筸ˡ筸ûйµ, ϹܼŻʹӼҴҸϵԷ֮⡣ 

Ϲܼϼ֡

ʦֶΰ
ƽ̫С, Ǹ, 澳ʹ˾ͱΪʦ

ſڽ֡

鱦üͷǳ⣺Ÿʲôǻײ, ȥ

ܼΪ֣ҧҧֶԻʹǺȵײ 
ȵȣ
ˡϹܼȻͷ

˿һ, ʦȴǱƾЩôľȳˣֻǰװʧȥˡ

Ϲܼô˵, лʹҲһʦǾǵϵϣһžĸҴʦˡ

Ψ鱦˷裬ȥ󺰣ǣʲô˼ȥЩǣ˭𣿰ײ

ڡ

Ͽźɫ԰ףСʦʶǲѰˣ 

ѾȴѺתǿܿȴס 

һ 

֪ԼղŰ鱦ȥΪԽ嶯ˣڣ±ӷҲˡ
ʱǰλˣɻǵԼиŮӷԸ¶ݣںͷʻջǱȥ 

ԾŵİϣֻǳĬȡװ¶ĴƿȻγǡ

һʱ˳  

ˤˮ裬ήٵڵϵļ֧ˮɣ򾥵׶˵ĸȻʼ賤
һһҶƬϴ۾Ͳ״гɫˮɻÿ䶼ô
ŵǸϵɲһ

һ¶
ǿŷ·峿¶ĵҩġ

ȡݣⶬֻʣ¹ͺ֦ʯٿȻųѿݻƵĲݵ𽥱̣ԴԴϵϴʯƴȸҲߴߴƴ߷ɡ 

㱻ϼָһֻϼ֮ڡ

ŵİҲ¶ǣססֱضеĵҩӶҲᶯˡ

ıܷӦȸ˶һģܸǣŵҩԼз츲ص컯

ֵݵǰ


Ͼ񣺡 
ŵҩͻȻðʦɷ˵Ůȥһ仰Ҳͣ̿ŵҩȻⵤҩ˱ǣǷ˵ǿŶ

θ̣

ǿЦʦǲҪѰ𣿿һֱסƽУҲΪƣûܵʦѰˡ

֪ԼѰŵˣ
Ѱ𣬶Ǳ

˶٣ԼøͣǰжԽ𡣡 

ҹֻѪΪҲѣô˵Ϊ

ŵҩΪܸʣԺ°빦һһֱںƽ򣬴㵽Բʱȼ棬֮š

֮ǰֻſ㱨³çЩĪҪ黳

ϱһ

һ䣺ҪһƱɽѿࡣ

Ѿˡ
ԷʦҪ¶ֱӵΣø͡
ôţϽӹ¶˳˵лʦ񵤡

˫ŵҩֿһۣ˺ģ͵ֽ̧͵С

¶ûкûûֱһܣθҩȻ֫ٺ  

ֳƣϵļ

ԴԴûڣͨҩյЧ 

൤ҩ¾Ϊٶ÷˸еʹ߲࣬Ⱥ֢
Ψ¶ºͣ÷ھޱκʹĸоܸʣöԷԺ·ƽ˳
ʴ¶ֱΪ·ϡȱĶҩ

ĵҩʹԴȥҲ򲻵ͷѪʯٷǧֲһ¶

ҩԴԴɢϸоԼˮصĸ̥δйʸ۾˯˹ȥ

ѰϷŵϡ

˯еİÿë׶籡ǳıɫع⣬񱻰ڹڸŷ츲صı仯

֪һʱղҩˡ

һϢ筼Ҽɳϼֺ֣筼ˣֱΪһȥԺ  

筼Ҽ˿ڱ֮䡣
¹µǣûһѾš

ʦôϼֻԷ˶ȥԷˣСŵӳ筸һʦڳֺ

İӯŵѪ筲Ѿʼ˥ܣԭĹ켣

ߵȡ衣

Դ򲻵¶Եͨˣ̫ϡ棬ȻȻһ筲Ǵ´ࡣ

筲²֪ס裬ָһָڿն筲С

˫ָָ筲軬븹С

ۿɼģҰܵɫʼת

ûͣЪٵؼ衣

筲ɫ󣬶ϵϸȫʧͷںʮСӡ

ڻδҩ¯һȼա

筲ȱѹ۾ǫʵǶ˾𣿡

һ裬뱻ӵĸĸˣûлشֱ˯ȥ
صԷһϼߣʩչΣʧС

鱦һӿԷ 

Ǿ㵵طǵķ˲һ籡⣬Ĺڣǳһǵ컯 

ٻصԺǵļѾȻȵû˹׹ʦѰ𣬶ʦæˣ



һա

ڵ¶ҩʵ漣Ѫн׳ڣһ쳣ʵܵɾǧصĴḥ̂筲ġ

ڰʱԳԲ

仰˵ںƽУ԰ϵʵԺˡ

ϰˮɷд󣬿ŶܿЦɷЦؾԼƣҸоอȺģҩڲЧҸоһƴһͷޣ
ֳĸоǺüˡ

筲ЦҡҡͷʦΪƫģĵҩֱһ졣ΪԼµĵҩԱ֮²֪

ˮһ壺Ҫ˵
ʦұģκֻ˳շ㣬ΪҪͬĵҩ
˵ʦҪŵģͽĵҩȻͬ

ʵµֻ˵һպԲٰȼ棬һζҪţ԰ˮȻΪԼҪˡ  

ˮ˵۾ɨһȦΧص筲
ʦȻټ˵ǸУɺðʦ

筲ǣʧˡ

筼Ҽˣ筼ҷ˻컯
筸һɨǰܣŵƽʣϲ

ôĺȻҪף

筸벼ˮϯƽ˹һ̫ʦϲֻò˷ʢķˣ筼ڲء

ˮ˵Ĵӵ²á

Ѿˡ

ˮڵЩ֦չ檻ŮǣЦӯӯʱȻﶼȥŮ°ɣԺǰ

筲սӹѾĲöͷĺ⻰ʱס

ֵҲ̡

Ƕ筲ûж

ˮɫ䣬Ϲܼңô˵ûô

Ϲܼ筲һۣ˺ģ˸ˡ

筲ֹɫӵؿŰˮ

ķһˮƶʣüλ檿ɶ޸ɵģôͻȻͷˡ˵ģҲǰͬôϸС⣬˵ǿӲģЩЩ

ˡ

ػʵףⶼС£ҷ˵ʦۣԼҪ棬˵÷˰æʦ

筲ִЦݣŰˮ

ˮﳩ첻ѡ
ͿЩ檲ˬˣʵ筲δʦȻ²ٹ˼ʲô

ˮ̬˷кԼĶŮҲϽ

ô檺Ůһ뿪ֺöʱ÷ľֻʣĸԭô֡ˮ̹ʣµĶ˵׵ˣ

ԷԷ
筲ЦǺǵض˵

ˮӡ

筲ȳԣԱ߰Ųˣ筲ٳԡֱû˳Թʳ
С˵־ˣ˭ǿ˭̧ͷ˭˭סûǿ߳ʣ˵ĵ  

筲ҲΪ⣬ƱпҾһлǰԵҲܼһ
ڹŹתһȦ̫գ̫ա

ˮҲƱһǼһԽԽá
ͷˮһ

ˮ븹˸ӿͷˮз⣬ʦ´εҴžͻʦһͬ뿪ȥˣһǲžۡ 

磬ҾҪˣǵñ壬Īǰǰ³çˡ
ˮĿӯӯ筲

筲ˮļͷˣ㲻ļںúһú筼Ҳҵġ

ˮοЩԲҲԶˣԲǵңʱҲʦΪȼ棬Ҳȼġ
ʱǷ޶žۣһɾ¡

筲΢΢ȣҲǸжԭ檱ϵĲһɨգսˮ֣ˡ

硭

ǶˣϷ˻ôߣѽҼƤ鱦ǡ

ˮŭ⺢ӣ

鱦ɲ°ˮֻ˵žۣҲɣ㲻Ůžۣ

ˮЦ˵鱦Դ㣬ϵµ⣬˭Ҳ㣡

鱦Цᵹڰˮ
˼ˡ
ת˲֮䣬ûˣֱʦҪţ筼ҽʱͬգʯҼ˻飬ںȥɣڵóӶˣǰͷҲټˣ

ˮ鱦ֱԷԷſˡ

鱦Űˮơ

һֱ

鱦ЦűҶˣÿҶ齿νһһжǽ賤ĹŶл鶯

ˮֱЦ𣡡 

´ʦٳֵʱҲһ֮ǰʦû˵˵˵ʦҲϲңҲأ

úóԷƤЦ

ˮϲ˵ȴͬˣŮϲ˵ֵʦϲ 

ϣֻб˫۵ĴӻЦһԡ

ˮҲ۶ӣæοȻʦ϶Ҳ㡣ǰֶΣָ˫۲׾٣

һЦģ

һֻϲϲسԷףڻЦﲻϣĵҹĻůˡ 



ϡ

һֶվţؿԸɺԵĺ档΢΢ɿݵҲҡš 

ҹĻ٣ī·Ͽһˣ

һеһжԵ˼ž䣬ߵİӰҲĪ͸Źµĸо

Ե

֥С΢΢˶㡣

ն񾳼ʿֻҪԸ⣬ƽһжСȻҲ筸筸һ

˻еСԭʧ١

ţţţ
ϵķβ۾ûɵ͹СأһֱûۣԾ˵㶢˰죬ȥˣ 

筼Ҹš

Сɳأһ覵ŵɡ

筸

һֱʥŮΪζмӡ

̶̵ļͬУöԷ໤ĳ̶ȡοʥŮѡ֮գվڹϵʥŮƺʶһ㡣

𰸣筸Ѱҵ

˻߽筸

筸ܿܲһͭŮֻа벽룬Ҳ˿ûо

סӡ

ӵƽüΪԼҪϳ筸Լﴦڿһˡ

̧֡

ͱ˴Լ

âһȭͷɫͫ֡ǾԨ飬󱻶ʦƳһƷݻӰ

ݻӰǿҵâн䶼âɨ֡

ͻȻһ۵İ׹ᡣ

ֻкСȴѩۣΧյýǽ״ââ˸Ƭ̣ٿȻ͵ӰС

â䵭º͡

һɵչɵӰԼģ

˲ȷǲ裬žԨ߽ЩӰøӰܲĻ𶻡

΢΢һȻ׹

ǻĶ

СӰûؾߣߵԱߵļڽȡһ飬Ȼڰϵͷ

ƺʶ̫࣬СӰ̧ͷ֡

һŮӰ͸壬СӰߡ

СӰе齻ŮŮŮ

Ůֹظ˵Աߡ

ĿͻȻһ

Ů˵һԺֱ󣬾ȡһֺøղĵط

ŮǶžķ뷿䣬СӰԼ϶˵Щߴӣӣһʼ÷

ϲȷḻƷ࣬ŮվСӰ󣬽Ŀбӵشͷˣ˭˵һ筼ҴСų

ȴü
ôСĺӣһ÷

СӰܿ극ſڳ筸Ӱ筲ûнݣŸСߣŮת
߸Ůʱ筲˵˼仰

˴ӿзֱ档

˵ռ˿ˣСеŵͣϣԺСܴߣҲԼá

˵ż̤ṳ̂תˡ

Сûȥ׷ףֻĿԼĸԶȥ

ͭǰͷеƬ̣ϡ

СͷŮǿʱٵתĿ⣬ٶرܡƬ̣ӹҵһƥ֮һȦһȦԼĲϡ

˫Ҳܰס

ȷԼϲ©һ˿ƤС̧ȸߵż߳⡣

˾ݻӰССӰһͬ߳

ſڲԶӰɵİˮǡɾŮﱧſССŮ

С豼ȥסˮڡ

ˮͷһıŵ

СͷԼףԼ˫֣ʾԼƤˡ  

ˮ鱦øЩЩŵسС¶ЦЦʮֲȻ

С迴Űˮ鱦ƺҲðˮ

ˮüͷЩ֪ӣվû

ǡһֻСóڰˮϡ

С̧óֿˮʱˮӦȻĿ鱦û

ˮʧ̬ǿЦ˵˼仰

˷ֱ棬˵ǣʲôҪŮȥﻹкܶҪˡ

ʹߣҲܸоСʧ䡣  

Сһվ˺ܾò߻˷䡣̵ӣԴҪѹС֦  

˵ͷ鲻ԽȥҪһСԴȴ͸ӰӣֻĿ 




29.   29    𵭵ź


ݻӰԾ 

˼СӰÿһ졣

СӰÿն, ôţǿǸϵݸϰС

ôСĺӾŮΪ飬һֱһ˳Է, һζûͬ, ˵˾߸Ů

СӰһ쳤, Ҳûȥҹ, ˮ筲Ҳûֹ

û̫ʥŮͯġ
ɽ, ¶Ļ, ԭʲô, ֻ̾Ϣ

˶ľԨͫ, â

ŮӰ˶·ó˳Ϧҹ¹ŵƺ֣ŮǶͣ

ݻӰ, СӰִߣ޷ֱ͡  

֪СӰǲ˵ʲô, ڵŮͻȻ˶һ, ϲϲسСӰ, Ȼܳӡ

˴߶ݻӰ

âХΧ, ֵԶ

ԭڳϯְʮӵϯ

СӰԴ, ϰˣûȥϯҲȥ, ֻСϿ顣

ͻȻһӰ䣬˴СˤʹŶڵ, СץصĴᣣԼվȴ˺¡

֪ǻ𶾷ˡ
֮ǰĸӰУѼΣûһô

СӰ滶Ϧ筸ػЦַǷûע⵽䱻¶ֵӡ

κСӰѵشӵ𣬰ѲˮõԼϽ£ˮϺȫǿӲ豭ڲв裬ٴλԹȥ

СӰԼڵġ

ϣƿŴŵƽʻʢժߣӲ˲ϵ麹ִȥ

˲̴

˿ʵ筸һҲֳԷأһ˶ϡ

ѲԸٿȥ

ȻԼʮǰƺһ·ƽϸ룬ӦǷڵʱ򣬻ʱʲôˡ

оԨͫâ˸һԾصʮǰڡ

СӰԲżš

ݻӰСӰ

СӰһɽ档

ݻӰâƵɨΧڵļɽжʱ׹⹹ӰȻ筼ҴϣԼλŮ

˼СӰͰĿͶڼɽеˣͨͷֱ˵Ļ

ŮڴӵĻ§ҡүܲܰҵȥԺӰʵڲˣÿ춼úƣڱײƵģ˵Ⱦ˲

ס

㲻ӦҾͲסŮŤ

ұ֤ͰҪźܾ

ܾ

˼΢΢⾹ǡֳ˵ûô

ѽǲдүڣҪɨǶȲյҵԺˣԸʱү⴦á 

˵ͷϵСӰ

СӰȻ˵ĶԻˣ߿飬ֻǰתط

˸оԼؿڱʲôסˣ͸

СӰصڣܿʰһȻŰ筸ŷߡһ·筸Ƿ·ϹûпһôСĺӱŰ߳š

СӰ筸һʳ⳵̻ͭ壬ȻʳϣȻҪ뿪ȴ¶ĵط

̲סݻӰ˿筸ķӦ

筸ķӦûκηӦǷ·һ筸˵ЦЩ筸ĸҲûȥҡƺ뿪ĲǸˣǵп޵ĵӰ

⳵ӰԶȥСӰ䵭

ʱ˲СѾ뿪˺ƽ

֮ǰûмġ

ݻӰâ򣬴ߣ֪ģ𵭵źֻٹ죬ͻᵽƽֻٹѡ

ٴλСɳ棬ϡ

δͻȻ磬вն񾳼ǿߣϽԴд̫񹬵Ƶķۡ

Сɳطûٿ

¡
̫˹
ףǻ⡣

һն񾳴ˣֽ¸ӡŽĴ﷨裺ʥŮõˣѰҵĶ

ӹ﷨ʶڳɨһ鷨еĶллæ

ʮֵĿЦǺǵѣԴģæ

ǰ̫ͨڷռ߿ȥǷȡӦԴ

ƽ򣬼ΪȴĸԵҲΪ˵Ⱥ̫񹬵ˡ  
û뵽ǻ졣

ʥŮľּ׺ҪĶ

ǻָƵ񣬶

̫񹬵Ҳ׷׽﷨衣νӹȷϣռȫˡ

лǡ¶һ˿Цݡ

һСӺٺɵЦͷʥŮ񷢲̫ڲ𶯲СӼΪ˿һЩɣǼӺռԲ졣

Ǿ͸ˡ

ͷ
ʱʧʡ

ĿԶȥ󣬽ϵ£Цſŷβ㣺˵ɵúܿҿɵж졣


βʹķѾܾˣ˷ܵٿȻСƯںϿմ˸Ȧ

βԴϡ

βճȥշȥĹУβԽԽԽԽ󣬵СǴ֮ӾΪ𺳡 

Хӭҿ磬˸űĹâ

˲翿

ôȴ踥ռϣҪܲƳħ
ڴ֮ǰ軽ϱӵϻ顪ɽӶ




30.   30    ¡


Ļ  

Զźͳǳ, ĿǴݲĽڻظɺԿѣ¶΢΢ȱҪԸһЩ

, ѩɭֲԭ, ƫƫﲻѩܶҰ޾ǧۼ, ǻſŶƤ, ɢɹһ䶬

һۡ
һͷĻ㳯Ǹ

Ұ޵ʱŵûɢ, ڵϵĽӿ, Ƥ鴤, æܶ౿Ұȴ, ۿҪײˣԷ

ȴβһƯ˦βϼɴβ΢΢ûг, ɴ

ҿ첻죿˵ҿ첻죡
β˷ܴ󺰡
˵ն񾳼ûһùңҲʲôͭ˰ɣ
ڲɽ̫, Ѿܾúܾûôطɹ, һϸˡ

, пɡ
һ, ƮƮ䵽ϡ

ߺߣпɡ
β㲻غߺ, Ҳƽϣˮ㼱СĴϡ 

ܸոûüߵҰ޽Զɢ, ֻʣһ޼ʵĺɫԵÿտߡ
⽹Ϊ̫ɣŷ΢Ľ

βſڷ̽ͷŮ, Ҫʲô

裺űǡ

βСƵĺͷϷ˸  

Ӵ﷨ȡֻ«һ«շȥձɽͰ޴
ֻ«б

䣡
ٲкҶ¡

ɽͺ«㵹ɫٲеˮðеˮ͸ŵĺɫˮð̣еֳıɫ֮ĸо

ԴԴ¡
һ㵹㵹ա

պ󣬺«еˮ꣬Ҳδ
˵ˣһˮСˮݶûУˮ˽ȥʧ١

β˯һû꣺ˮô꣬㲻ǰѺ˰ɣ

赭ǽ

񲢲һҪȥѰҵƬɫˮĺɫ̺֮ĺɫ󣬵֮Դɫ󣬲֮ȡɡ
ΪҪػɽҪһȪ

̫񹬵Ҳûϵ

βࣺ«װź
һ˫۳ɸɺԵĵ棬ˣӷƤŽ˲ˮ֣ȷϻǰθɰθɵġ 
ɣˮȥˣǲж鱦ʲôޣ

裺ȷǲһ鱦ȴ鱦
һ̣Сӵ˻

ãƬȫ㵹ϣеĺ«ﻯСһӣȫջء

ƿϡ
гһı

⾹ǿıɫȪۣȪвϛssðȪΧӿ˿˿˳ƱԵʡ

ǷȪԷСҲ

费ͫӳڷڲݵȪȻϥ£·ȥڷȪ˽Ĵ
ɲǼ䣬ΪģɫȪˮ˿߷ӿ㼲ڽ׳۵ظǷԲԴԴصס

ƬĽڱʪˮ

ͬʱص춯

¡¡
ѹֵǵ𱬷ǰס

ǧ⣬ѩɭҡҷȺ񾪷ɣͻ޾ɲӶ𣬰ͷ

һȪ⣬ҪɽӶһҲҪһ

赥ϥڵ棬°ɢ䣬Ʋ뽹˫ء
ʴѩ˳ŵľѪصףȻȼա

һʴѩ

ǰඦ׷ɱ˵أѪҺ뽹ʴѩյ˵صףɽ𶯳
ΪȱһȪɽȱ󽵣޷ָԶߡ

ѩ

¡¡
ҡΣ
ؿžһ𣬷Բڣɰʯȫʼϳ壬Ƿɳٲɺҹ

賤壬ҿ裬üʵѩӡ貹âȹƼɢʰɫ⣬ɰ鵲档

ƬڰɳĻУΨʣһĨذףҲΨµƬû

һּɲϢԵص

ʲôʲôҪˣβѾŵҪˣֱµĶ
û˿Ҫ󣬺ݺҧҧԼβͼ⣬Ӳסˡ

ţסס

һֱֱǽͭں¡¡εضвųһĨЦ⣬ֳվͷŴǳصɽ

ǸɽģɢźƵɽ

βŵ굽跢棬벻գһ굽У·ķ϶һҶ
ҵﰥȻʥ

ǿɷΪڶȼͨƷһƷƷȣǳƷǿɷΪƷסǵϡʥˣǳԵõ

ɽա

һֱ쵴ǧɭ־Աɻҽôݿ඼ݡ
ⷨƾ׼رܿ裬һƬ½Ƕ 

Ϊ

ɽѺԼ

ľѪصףɽûоܾǽ֮룬˰ԼʣµİԼҪɽ֣ɡ

㣬߸߷վɽԵ

ɽıԵȳǽҪ࣬ȥںڶģ޵ԨһȪڵײ𵴲ݣײĺɫ

ٴαƳѪ

Ѫ˳ָ£ѩŶԵХӿ𽥸˫ɽڴϣȼա
߽ΰ䣬ɽԡڴȵѩУ𽥻ָԭɫѾõɽӭ

ˡ
ɽõĻ׽ϲ֮⡣

ƳྫѪɫס

¶һ԰׵ǳЦ΢ǳصɽСֻȭͷôϣƮƮ죬糱

ɽĻϵķβ㣺뿪
ǻ򣬷Բụ̂ô󶯾ѱй·ʿ֡

Ŷ
βӦ϶Դ֮ǰСȷһ飺Դѹɣ

裺ݴʵķ϶֮䣬ëصǡ

ôʥ
β˸ƨСĸΣԴϡ

ľսصϺҡҡԴû˷ܵش˸ģβһ˦ʡ

ͷʥţ

Ŷ𣬳塪

.

صͿںƽ򸽽ɽ

ɽ󷨣ţһǳɣòյĹ

һŲѪ 
Ϊ˻ɽʧȥ̫ྫѪɫѲ԰ֽҩЧ󣬲һ˿Ѫɫ

һֱƣųɽ

ɽɢͨˮ״СǰɽֻôƮţأ˲ѹƬɽ  

Ĵ﷨Ķȫ㵹
̫񹬵˽ĲֹֹһȪдϣ⵽ʯֲȪˮʲôС

β㣺ʥŮҪۣ

ƽľ˵ˣȻῪҪɢһ¯١

βĹɵ˵֪ˣʥŮ
ԼʧԣβͺԼϡ
շʥͬʱҲշھ뱧ĴִȣģþõģϣƽƽǧҪħ

ĿоһֻУд򿪣ȡ껹İĸݡ
־һ޹ǣһɫʯɫĻȵȾϡ

ǣβƯڿС

ָζ

ĸе֭ҺӸײʶͬʱ޹ǱȡĹ裬ʯ룬ʯм䣬ֻʣЧĳɷ֣ɫѹ֭

ǰʱΪõվȽŸҪҩΪЧʣʹһľȡͬʱȡŷ۲ϵЧɷ֡

˿׼طֳβҺһι裬ͽɽ֮С

ڶһ
ѩڶ𣬰סβҺһι衣

ʴѩԵܳסķ࣬ܿסĻԣֻҩģϡȱ

ʵ߶õ¯¯õǡ𡱣ǡ𡱣Ψ˼俪ɽá
ʵ϶˵ɽҲõ¯

ɽ¶Ȳ

ѩͫ

ڰǰһ֣ƾ·ĵ·ôྪž޵ʦȴδħѶȿ֪

Ҳֻи롣
ǾڴѪĵϳԸĽ

ѪܴڵʣħѪҲʡڴѪĻϣٲϵӶħеĲϡ
һħݣħ֮Ż¡ֱһޣħ̾࣬ȴޡ
дټټӣҪһŲ顣

еʦܽģɷֲ֮ǧҪħݵȳɷֱ֣Ӽô򵥣ҪϵɷֱɵĲк͡
ɷֱֱͬܳͣӱɷϵ

һеһжҪԡ

·ӵԹߴһǴͷ

.
ȵɽС
һһεسš

ˮ˳մסĺڷʣٴӲ԰׵䡣

ɽ롣
ſŷ˱ǵĵ쵤ҩûüȫ۳ͣҩͻȻڷмȫ䡣

Ѿǵһǧ¯ʧܵĵҩˡ

лԾϨ

ҹѪûȫָ֧Ųסľ˯ȥٲһء

һҼž

谵ɽԵᲨ沽һλ°ɡ

ʲôˣ
βһشŵ

ղɽʴѩûϨˣһֱŵ¶ܣŲġ
ҪػʥŮ

Ŀӵڵϵƿʳָسβ˸ơһһݵţ˵Ȼÿ

꣬Ҫ

βתͷԼʥŮ۵εˣٳһ˫˶ۻǾ˵ĽŲת

ߵϣὫӵϷһЩ

һǰҵģ֮һⷨһֱڷԵ費
û뵽СС;㴿ַ

֪һඦҲרעĵһӵַһϸ£ϵַԱҲѷɫ

΢ת˿ϵĲ

Լ³ˣʥŮħѪĵҩ

Ρϧ壬н֯

վΪմħѪƲѴӾ·Ѱҵ·Ծȵġ

˷裬ס󱳣

ȻԵ賤޾Ҳ۽ŵĺ鱻䣬۽Ƿ·һۣƤѵسſһ϶

ס
û뵽

ʻ㱣־δȫѣֻʶ˵ʹ

ʦ֡һ᲻ŵ߽

һ˲
ʦ֣

Ϊνʦ֣
ǰϴʲôˣֻʥŮһӰ

˵ɫãþõصͷ

ڷ߽۾رأ˹ȥ

.
˲֪ãԴɽ

ûôڵϣؿ˻谵ɽڡ

δˣղž˸ΣεǰڵһϢʱ˸


軺һɬ̡
ݳǵ£Ѿķ¶˵ĸ飬ֻˣ

ʥŮո֮ǰͬеһ
һĴĴɤͻȻ

΢΢һ㶣踥ˣ

ŮǴɫѵǸƴµǸ

ס

أ
ܣͬʱʶ糱ˮչɽտյûˡ

β㣺ѽ

ûʲô

ͰȻˡŶһֻ 

ע⵽űԵĹ

ӡǵ

ֻӡǹ迴ĵ䵽ǰȻٿȻɢǧмڵϡ

ϳּɹмɵķ֡

ħʢ֮ʱඦħʧܣȴɷʥŮĪҪļ½Щȡǰ߹ĽӡЩ

Щַ·Ҳˮὥĵ

粨

ħѪٴ߻

趨ضŵϵ֣žָ߬šֱɫĽһһɫɫ䣬գۼ䣬ҲɴĿĵɫ·ͼڡ

ӿԽԽԽԽ

νմħѪĴţʵȫʵħѪ߻ĵĿʧȥ

ƽ˻Į飬Ϊ顣ƽ˻÷ŵΪͿŵ
Ƕǰ顣

ǡ

ɱ踥 




31.   31    ӽҶ˾ǡ


ֻ踥˲, ˲ŲΪ˾ܰ踥֮ܿǵ٣ѱ踥Ժ󲻻ˣܱ֤ΪḶʲô

ӿ, һͫɢΣĹâ, ɱҪ͸

ѽѽѽ군, ʥŮ, 㡭㲻Ҫ, 侲㣡β㼱ת

ϵֳŵ, ΢١īɫڷ, ݺݱ˱۾, ѹԼӿɱ⡣

ߺ޹ɡˡ

ֱɫ𽥵еĺȥ

ã̧ͷ, ɫƽһ

β˿ԲƤ, ׹䵽°, ѵĲܶ
ղŲˡ

ûм, г, ֮ǰһǧ¯ʧܵĵ¼űĿ, ˹  

˵ṳ̂˵ĵ·վЩ

ոħơζʣµʱղࡣ
Ͻסֹģ֮ǰһǧ¯ҩѾĺܶ, ЩϲңҪܵؽʡ

պ

ʥŮ
ɽķһ

۾䳷ȥķ

˽, Ŀɨһ飬ɫûħһʥŮõˡ

áնʿ˵ֻһգ۰ˡ

˵ݸһֱֻֻ⣺ｻʥŮඦħѪķ棬ʥŮο

ӹֻ̧ۿˡ
ඦĵŲ˹ۿ˵ôް𣿡

ǳЦʥŮģҽЩ˹ۿֻº黹ɡ

費
˵ɣඦؾӡһ൱Ĵۡ

ǾͶл˵ˡӲܣ˶ѸۡҲȷʵǳҪЩǰ˵

᣺ҲմħѪģл
ʥŮɣڶغзԸһɡ

ֹ
ʦǾӣ֪ضͷѰħԸõǲԸȥһֱ棬ĺƽ

裺˵ӿΪѰЩ𣿡

.
뿪轫ֻеķȡ

ɽʱֵ

Ще¼ееƤеľƬһɨȥƣ

շķβ䲻صĵѹ£໵һ³࣬òײڼзе軳С

֮࡭̾

̫ƫඦƫصϹʱڵĳµĻۣǲϢĵඦʱҲΪ̺ĵ𺳡
ûħѪķôࡣ

Ͼħ

¶һƵĵģ֪ʲôϵֽ  

̯һ̲ĿĵѪʱߡ
ѣ
ĵ¼ĩβд˶֣ΪĿ󵤵ȱʧܺŻѪŷͲдֵġ

һĩβȻдš
ǲɴĵҩ
ƶɢƾϢ򣬶ƺ͸ŹɲԤס

˫Ŀ΢
͵һĵ档

ǰֽʵȫɽϿա
ָᶯл򷺻ƻֽʵǰչ

뵤İٶʮأΪʽʮһȴһħȲ˵¡հհգһħɡ
ħߺУѣСͽҲħҧһմħߣΪʦΪʦ𣬾Ȳ֮࣬ҲȲԼͽ 
ҵ˼·ܳҩΪξǲܳͣΪΣ 
мǲҪħͽ뾫ѡ

ֽʵ죬Ϸ·Ҳһȱ̾Ϣ󡢱˻Щûĵ棬һʧ·ϵĵʦв˸ĵʦµĵš

飬Ϣѹָ

񱦽δʾͱݺУóֽ˻ڶ顣

ͷĩβЩص䣬Լ˫Ŀ⣬һľѸٷǰĵ

һбʼֲͬӳͫ  


䣬һľʵС

ҹ轫еĬμļ䡣ɸѡΪõĵ½֮ɣȻܽᣬС

ǰҲѹͬʱʦĵš
µĺų޷ٴθĽĵҲƳΪܴڵĵҩ
ǷĵǲȱģֻһǣɵֻϹʱֹ֮ǰ˶ΪֻϹŵĴ˵

ԸӼ޵սڵŵѾȫ
δزУ

ѩӳŶڡ
ɽϨ

ڲڷֻ̱

.
һŴɫĵҩɽԡ

ɢŲϢĹ̵ҩԥؽ̷֮¡

ĵųɵǰžʧܡ㹻ģ֪ħûôƳƽʧܣϾǰһǧ¯ˡ

ҩ븹
ҩӿ
ϥ붨æ赼ҩ

ãͷԼ֡

µҩЧѾȫգоԼ֫ٺϢȷʵδйĵħһֱڵ궯ס

᲻ָо˼꣬׺ɣӣٶȥ˯

ɹ𣿡
Ȼս

Ծ֪ˡ

Լǰ䡭

С裬Ϊһ¯ɺã
ϹŰ׻ѪѪȫӦһš
ʦ㡣
ʦ㡣
ʦ㣬㣬㣬㡭

ǿµڶظصƺһͣ߬µš
ֱɫٴαָҲ䳤⣬Σδ֪ϢʼڶѨԼεͬҩʼڳײѪӿǻһ˿Ѫ

ۣԼعƽ

ʱǰķͻȻձ˺ѳһ϶

ɽ¶轵踥ѷ˳Ȼ߶µŤͷɢѷѸֺϡ
˻ˣ
֪ĳͷ·ȫɫĹ챡ЩɫıϺ󣬵ķͬ涼ʴСð

踥ֺպ

Ѩ룬ͷ­裬̧ͷ

ͫѪ췭ӿī۾ֱֱؿ踥
˫Ŀײ

ħʵûѿ˶ħģΣյ˳Ų԰ƤµѪþĶǣʥһַˡ

踥Ȼһ¡
֪Ϊû뵽ôħǱȻͬģ𺳵

购ɫָ̣׼۽š

ۣҪ
踥񣬴ߵߣ¶ļһģ˶һ¡

һɼԵı֮ӿڡ
ƤѸһ˪ܿģ˫ۺڳɫҲʵȥ

˻ᣬȫƽ˫ۡ

ΪΪ踥ΪôͱħѪ߶ʲôҲû˵ֱóһĶǷħǣħѪ

軡°΢ôͷ踥˫ĿãʲôС
ΪȡħѪ

踥ǰ죬ߴ٣ȥ

ӹ
ħǼᣬϸֻйôֵ֣ҲֻСĴָô֣࿴ʲôģƺǷǡħѪ

踥ħǶڣħǶħѪУڵħѪȥ
ħѪƻѰ٣ħǾĲٶԸͲˣʱٿħǣ汻ħѪƳ
ȱƲһħѪ󣬾ζڵħѪѾȫʱٽħǴȡ

˵˰û˵踥üҡ
ôңҺ㰡

ǡ
񣬵뺦ңֻɣػءܷɹҶҪл㣬л㱼͡

踥Ц⣺̫ûġ

סħǣ˫۸һָָ룬˫ȸһѨ롣ֵǸħǣӼǴ롣

踥Դᡣ
㲻ʹġ

ĻһоԼˡ

踥˵ת뿪ɽ֮ǰѷβԲĶƤߡ

žɽС
Ĭһᣬһϸķħǡ

ڷ飬жް

ħа۳ֻйϸȫֱۿ϶ҪԲٵĿͷ

ͷסָ⡣
ָѪԥһ˽ȥ

ȻĲۡ

ķħǱһһڣǸСĴָϸķħԵʱܲһ˿ʹ

ת
ƵƤ˿ϡ

ڵķħǣоڱ壬ʲô궯Ķˣڱ롣ſŷħǡ

δ𡣡
һۻിħѪðźָָ䡣

Чˣ

ħڿҿҵĲѾһЩħѪֻ࣬ƳΡ
ħѪյŹǣҲûгֻħ״

ϲ֮ɫ
˭ܲϲá

䲻ηħҲĽƳĥǸḶ֪́Լܲħǰɹ
бķħѪò˵֮ϲ

߳յɽӭЩĿ踥ллɽŮ֮Ƿһ

踥˰֣ڵô棬ýﲻʲô

ȴġ

ǰʦԸ뵤ɽŮȷʵ޹ʵڲð˼ͷϡ 
οɽŮм⣬Ŵ׽о֮ԷԸãҲӦǡ

飬֣صãӽҶ˾ǽáӦС˽ʱҾͻ㰢Σ 

踥ˣ΢΢Ŵ󣬿ǵ˵

ɫ棺Ī֣Ҷ˱Ͼ̫񹬺͹ŲɹһЩìܣǴ빬ǻҲֻܲ˽ˡ  
һֱҽ㡣
貹
Ⱳӻû˵ôĻ踥ᣬһһ˵ˣ͸档

Ⱒİ踥ˡ

ȵȣ
踥ֺ̧Լ°ͣԣЦżѵýõ˼˵ãǶԺѵĳƺ㲻ûҽ㣡
ѵ˼ǿ

踥ƺĲ뱻н㣬΢΢޴룺Ǹ֮ǰδѡԲ֪ 

踥ͷ衣
˫ѩһӡԼӰ

죬踥ͻȻһЦôôɰСʱǸѩСź˻ɰ

β˵ת˸ȦȦ  
ʥŮħˣйϵˣĽȸȸˣ 




32.   32    ںЩʲô


ƽ筸, Ϊˮȼ档

ˮȼʶųԱߵӴһ顱һƻľʱҳһǡ

鱦̲ס, ץסˮĸ첲ı, ȸԾѣ, ʦˣʦˣ

Ҳǳ, ýȥæŽȥϲ, Ժʦ, ˾, Ƴ

筲Цųˮһ֣ϲˣ

ϲˣϲˣ
Ůǹһ, ϲصء

Żȥ踴԰ˮȻ֮ˣǰˣҾˡ

ˮȻ, ϲõЦʱ̣һı顣
ʦ, Ϊͽ, ȥô

ϲֵɲǼž
ǴͻȻ˪

һƬž, ػͷҺʱ˵ҪΪͽ, ȥţ

ˮһˣ첽ǰ, Ҫ⣺ǣǵȼ治Ϊͽ˼𣿡
ƽС澳ʿ, Ĵ֪ģæȼҪͽ˼

ˣҲΪͽ, ֻǵ棬֮ĵ·Լߡ

ˮɵˡ
֮ôУûйûʯôУ

һ飬ȷӲû˵Ҫˮ͵Ϳ˵컯ͻԵˣ˿ȥһЩţΪ񡣡

˵̧Ҫ뿪

һ£
筼Ҵŵô
ʦԦ磬ҪǳţɾҲҲˣĸ첲ô죿

üٴͣͷ

סԼ޹ĵ¶ֺõЦݣСʦæȼ˵ĪĶˣʦȥڣʵǲ֪ôʦĪҪ

˻һˮɫ΢䡣

еԲסˣȻΪʦȴûҩβöӵˣӵֻܿλʦ

æ˵ֻʦܴܲһŵҩ˫ۡ

ԴˮϸΪôǣҲϵ̬Ⱦûôˣ˵ҵĶѾˣʣµ޹ء

ʦ
ҪߣŵòҽһڵϴΨһĶӣԺɷˣ뱲һմᣬǲǾͱûôⰡ

˵ˮʹʹɫ

ǰʦ
ˮ̳
ȻղŶΪʦ˵֪ôͷ⣬˫۲зϡ

ˮǰȰʦһҲԣܲҲҶһɵ˫۸ԭ
鱦ҲݵظͣǰʦĿ˵Ӻ뱲ӵ𣿡
ʦôҵҸ˫۲Ƕָ顣

üͷø

ˮϽᣬʰؿ

վҡˡ
Բ׼ӵ뷨ӵĵֳȻӸ˰ˮ筲ĸһ컯ѱԸ־ϡ

ɡ
˵գһ뿪筸

.
ϵ¡

踥ΧУǽĻɣͣ⳵ӻֵģôôɽһӣ

費֪˵ʲôûпڡ

ʱǰ豨۾ʱĶסŮ
ɽŮʲôʱģ

踥Цܺõӡ

嵭ʣˣ

˸ֿ踥ɫΪѡ

裺ֱ˵ɣرܻ䡣

ӣķԸƿҩֱ筼Ҽ筼ҷˣҲ筼ҷ˵ȼ桭ֻ筼ҷ˻һԸκ筼Ҵӵ˫ۣſңҪκ𣿡

áĸʹҲжرֵ޶ܡ

ǣӡ

踥ؿ裺筼Ҽ筼ҷ˲ɣ

裺ǡ

筼Ҵ֣

֡

ô˹ϵã

ȷʵ̫ڡǹȥ棬һһشÿһ⣬ͻġ

踥ǰͷ足ˣһʱЩܳ㲻˵ҾͲˡ

޷ѵĵĮ



£ź棬Ŀĵԡ

踥Ϊ費˵ʱͻȻڣҳƬϡ

ʱҵĸ׳ŻƬ

ʱصʮǰ

׵İˮļȣͦŶ˯˯֮ʣԺεһѩ׵¹һĶ׹£ֱֱײ

ˮеƤȣ˹

ΧտյΧŮʧ٣ڵһڸɺԵĺϣƬĺˮʧ١


ֵļлҹա

ˮŶӶ̥Լһڻʹ衣

裺Ϊ׹λгʱһȶҼΪ»Ϊ衣

ϧҳʱ𶻣ֻݣª

ˮ筲ԽԽɣһʱ»һʱſǲõĶƤת
ųòԽԽɲҲѰͯЦ

һ²ѹ뷨

ǾǲõĶģ߶Ȼܻ߸/󡣬޲ðȴηҵվʳסȫŮСź򣬵û˸˵
筸ĸҲûŮ

踥þԣ˻ᣬɫŹ
ǰ㵱ܾת  

תͷ



šűɽͷ

踥ɫӹŹ֡
ڰ֣ĬزԱߵĿϣȻͷ΢΢鶯ӱ濴ͬڿޡ
ۡһЦС©˳¶

迴

踥˲ָޱ飺Բʵתͷ޳ʱûסƹˣЦ

̫ţˣȻ㵱ܾת˭뵽
踥ڿϴЦСѹŻζ

εؿЦû֦Ҳ

ĸоָоݣƺͯ¼ŵҲ˵ЦһĬɫʡ

ã踥ЦɫУǼСܿˣôôԴС裡

ʶ̿һ¾ҵλڶ筸

ߣ
踥裬ķ䵽筸

筸ߡ

踥һŮָĶͷ֮ǰסԱߵ裺ҿɣ

ҡͷ⡣踥ѻ˵˵꣬

Ůڼɽͬ齲ĻȻоԼĸ첲һ£Ŷͷһ
ɲɣŮǰŮ

ѻԴԴϵļӿ롣

踥Ц۽ˡ
˵Щú棬濴Щ䣬ȴͷ̻𣬶ɫȴԽԽ֪ݳݽʱҪܵúܡ  

ˡ  

踥֣ɾʧŮȥͷվƬ̣ӰƺҲȥСȾһ¼塣
ð죬̧ͷɫӵע裬Դ

û뵽ֹǸСɽǸС
Ժ㡣

΢ɻ󣺡㣿㲻ǲԸҽн

Ҳɡ

裺
ںЩʲô

踥һ䣺һʱȣû˵˵ס




33.   33    ɽ谮ζ


筲, ҵǵȲɼ߳ӣ쳤Դա  

ֻûɹ

鱦ֹôû
ʦǲ, ˵Ҫǰ, ȼͲ, һ㲻շŮ

Ҳ, θ첲ĥĥ, ˵Ҫȥ롣
֪ô, ̲ס

筲ڵˮĸ첲, , ˣǱɵվˣҷȥ

ˮδ˵Ȼһʯ쾪Ĵ
㡪

һİˮŵһ, ΧѾҲŵ鱦Ҳջյ, ϡ

˫ĿͨصŰˮôʦ, ϶ٻҸ첲ˣ
ֻɷ򲻹ӣʦʱֻǵȵȴǵ㻹и˫۲зϵĶӣ
ô𣡰

Ϻ˻, ͨ졣
ˡ
ʦ϶ˡ

İˮſڽ, Լԩˣ

ϵ筲һ۸Ŀڣҵʱʦ񵤾ͻ˯ȥü, ʦԼȥȵģ  

Ȼѣ

ǰˣû㿪ڣͰɷȻ, ȴԸӵ첲
б˵ӵɵӡ

筲üͷ𣺡϶

ЦͷԼſſ·һĸ첲, ̧ͷؿŰˮǺ⣺˷ˣԺ͵û

筲ŭ⺢˵ʲôôܸô˵

Ťͷȥǿ

ˮ޺޵ض˶ţҲӣҪ˶Ҫúóһͷվ۶˫۲зϣŭȥ塣

踥ֱĥ  

һĸӲТĸ˻档
ô鳵Ķӻ壡

СܲͷʱС裬ְֹֿɰҪˮһӵҪʱøƵҲǿ  

ʲôֶû飬СʱĶʯҲûٸǸŮ˵ܾ˵ʱӶ

첲

踥ָһָ 

ϵİˮȻסֶͷĸ첲̧
鱦Ҳˣֱۿڶĸ첲

ûȰˮϵϲɫ¶ȴ첲ȭͷȭ磬ٿش˰ˮһȭ


ˮһȭˣ۾ˡ


ӳһȭϺñȰˮңʹֱڵϴʹ಻ʹˣ

δȾİˮعͻȻͬ㿪ʼð
϶㡭

鱦ʧ󺰣ϳˣ

ˮͷԼֱȻĺԼĲգִֵĲǹƤһһŵĿ

ٿԼŮɷ

鱦筲ȻҲʼð춻⡢ô£

ΧѾǶŵ÷׷׺ˡ

ˮ㵻ˣʧ̬ǲѾͷˣһǱѾͷȾģҾ֪

鱦ҲԼҪŪñˣ㣬ôôݶΪʲôҪô

踥ˡ
Ĭ˼䷨䡣

鱦Ъ˹Ĵ˵ڵͻȻɣ󣡺ߺߺߣļ

ʱһ˿ȫУ˷ߵʹ䣬нࡣ

ۣ
Ѿһʼ־壬⻭ʵ̫Цˣﲻס͵͵Ц

筲ݺŭǣǳǲЦһҲǡꡱɵ۾졣

ϵ筼ҼȻУǿҵķʹѾǸ̲ס˷

һ˼ת

ˮ˵ҪȥץѾͭѾ߱Ӻŵæˣһһ߾СˣҲȾӣƹҰɣҲЦˡ

꣡ˮõۡ

Χºˣ߶Ѿǣֺޣ֮־һĻЩϤ
ȻֻСҲ¶ܵģ΢΢

踥Ըн

裺粻ЩˣαضǰʦңȥඦһͱŰȥ̫񹬣طһ¡
Щͯ˵ѾңԶģˡ

̵ز棬ͼɡ

踥Ťͷ

ǸȵˣںȻǸ䣬ʵĴɽ
ǵýĮͯ⣬ҲܰѪԵϵж岻ĵȼۻر
ǵϲŭϣҲῼǰ֡

ϵˣĸãҲ·ϵҰݲࡣǱϡܾ

ΪɽϵˣȻˬˡ

ʱ˵صһС£¾һƶũ񵽸ѹϣ滹ŽѣⱩƶ
踥Сѹϣôô˳ۣ˵ǳʮ񣬺һô

裺ˡ

踥˻һͻȻһ˿ɽ谮ζ

ˣˡ
踥ҪСѹϵ֣֪Ϊʲôָǣ˷筸ϡ

.

˺վںϡ

˸մӻռϹѲϽ裬ɽ˸գֻһֻµӡ˵˴˴

һ֪֮踥Ҳˡ

汳Ⱥ
ȺԷɡ
Ϊռϣڻɱ̫޻ޣմѪȥϵɱȴһʱԭϢڵϢȴʵɭâ
ڻ踥ɭâûʧºͲĴ硣

˼踥ɫȻһ²⣺ĪѰǱ

踥ţѾûˡ

ЩͷѹŵľʯŲһЦգ̫ˡ
ЦŽֻ裺һЩҪ֮ˡ

ףͷ˵ӱһ볢ħЩдá
ඦķˣжл˵ӵĵ

ˣʥŮ̫ˡ
طҪæʥŮ߿ڡ

迴ˡ

һٺòʦֳ֡
ĺܺá
Ϊʦֳֺ

÷¶ʦֵĸˡ

ٴ¶ġ
ͷ·ĳִʧͷԲͨ۾̵ʶøʵһٴն񾳳߾ʮ˳

۾΢΢ǳЦŷ˵ڵҲоЩطҪ̷˵ӣɷͽ̣ 
̵ֻʦദ̫ˣʦֹȻϤʦֻֿǸദȴĪ໤֮ˡҲ͸ʮľ롣

踥ںϣ˵ָջȥԶİһƮںϿա

һơ

ơ

ơ

踥һԶ׵ƶһϿյİԽԽ࣬ѵɺصĻƣεΪۡ

ǿô£
еȻһֱۣ档

ףôƮȥˣ

踥ŤͷĬĬسһۣüһôֻĵôרע
ضźһӡ


Ͽնʱưôꡣ

кˮעˮУζû䵽ϵİȫӿߣȫؿⳡꡣ

ʦֶΰʦǺƽˣ

Ǻƽںʮǰǳ俪ʼˮλһֱûָⳡܰѺˡ

ʦʦΪӰɣϾڵģаСͨ£ǰĺǿر磡ÿ춼׷Ҹ磡Ķ˵ã
ΧİúȻЦ˵ĴҲЦðѲҪĽ˿ƨɡ
Сӡ

費֪ʱѽ˵̸վֺȺУһ˫ɫ͸ͫǳЦ⿴踥

踥ͷ˫۾ʱһ类ץԷݣЩȵĲڣҿǳЩ˳лң

֪ˡ

߰ɣãҲûˡ




34.   34    Ҹ

̫񹬡

ͭ㳵Ƿ塣

Ƿ뿪ʱһ, Ȼ֣ʣŰɫ˪, ľڡ, ɾ翡

ӭʥŮط壡
ߡ筴λŮ, һŮʹ, ȸԾӭĹ

ͷ˻صϡ
軺ͭ㳵

ߵ˵ϥڵ, ̧ͷһϯɵĮ, о¶֮ɫ
ЩŮӹɽ, ɽþ, ȴһֱĵʱ̵İΣ

ǵǡ
߾ħʵ𷣣ҴѪŲɽ, ڶ೤ϵʧ񲻼ټ
˵׃ݳǳħѪ, ǣ, 췭ظ, Σ

߾, ԼңԶ׃ħ⣬˵طҲڳԻħ, Ȼ󲿷ֶʱ𣬵ҲħΧħߵ

Щʵڲ̫ƽһ˵Ǹա
¿Ļ, ǲ㽫ķŻ˶˸߲ҵӷϴ

ܾһϵзϴ񣬶ߵȥӴ, ʦ֪ʦ˼ǷϾ

߸߸˵ǣūȥ

δ뿪ٿȻ׹Ƿ壬ӺϹȡ

˸ЦݵϲʥŮ˳

΢΢ףȥǡ˼ʦ𣬲֪ʦǷڹڣ
ӣҶʥŮڱչأʵڲɡ
֪ʦʱأ
ҵȾͲ֪ˣ˱չذˣǵأ֪ʥŮ
ãͶλˡ
ʥŮˡ

Ŀλȥ

ǷŨӿϼεϵݽ͸ǣյþӨ͸˵ĵطͮͮķβ㶼·մһ˿

һҹҲչһʱգȹ硣

ϵŮʹӽԱ룬ݾӸ壬󣬴ڶ𣬹貣ͬŨϼ̫֡
Ƿֻʣһˡ

žУź˪

ѰԴŨÿҪˮĿӵĵزŨ£˫Ŀ

ڸѩɫĹ̬麣ɢžϢת̫ģڰ޵ʶϿգһ䣬۳һļ̨麣ס

̬麣뵳ɫ̵麣ٴαᴿһ˿һ˿ѵرѹš
ɵϢ˳

̬麣ѹ£麣оͻᵮһҲһ󾳽磬񾳡
Խ󣬾Խѣ龳ʱջãһ󾳽绹Զ

һչؾǰꡣ
ڵ۾

һС磬˼龳ڡ

һصԴ򿪵ţһŨӿڵҰ

ӣչغҺԶŶܲиҲԡ
ͷϴһͰ͵

βչأܲ䵽ŨȴҳԶʵڲˡ

΢΢һˡ˰ٷβˡ

·ιβ˿Դ

ʳõķβʱǵͷģллӣã

ǷϵĴȥߵ˻صϣϲ
ϲʵһ㣡

ͷȥ׼Щ⣬㷹Ҳ׼һЩ͵

ǣӣȥ׼
ߵȥһӾʳƷⷹˣ

ֻףǸβ׼ġ

ɽܹͷˣ뿪ǡ

䲻ˬǻش𣺡빬ֶʮͷȸͷɺףʮͷ¹ǧֻѩ򡭡ڵĸ壬ŵտϻ˿˲㡣

ЩԺ»̫̾

βı壬ǼֱǴβſƤЩĹ̵ġ
Һã̫񹬻רŵ֮أͷͷġ

ʿʳֲһҲдʿֲĲȣڸ֮Ҳʵ
ɽķǲʳеΪϵҪһʳ˶١

ԼȸŴʯȥɹ˺öͷޣ֮ɽøϵĳ⿡

屻ʽʳ

ϵĳǸߣӣǺ죬꣺ֵǴˣ

Դɽ󣬹ʯûóһȴ޴¶ܱƵúܡ

ʥŮòǱú׼ϴ磬ƫƫʥŮֱչˣչ˰꣡
ȥûô˵Ҫϳȥ

ҪʥŮʶʶǵգ
ڻȼղ˵Ŀ¶۹⣬Ȼ

.

Ṳ̊ɺףڸ֮䡣

סвȣһʳˮ塣

ɺײأԲǧȡƽ˿𰡢˿̿ᡭգ֮䣬ŮǾһپʮȣһٶʮƷĲʳ

ݳ޳̶ɽķవۡ

ڵ嶥
β۾ѾֱˣѾ˵ˣֻЩʳŵſڵϣˮֱǧɣҪЩĲ档

赭԰ɣ׼ġ

βɵľ˾ʣգ

ţȫǡ

Ƭ̺ǷȻ춯صĻô󺰣۰ʥŮ̫ãҪɢƲ㡣

β͵һԾзݴСͶŲԲ


ڴϵĲȱգ羨ˮһβĸС

β̵ÿ죬ʳٶȸ졣

ϵǰӶǷˣǰްƤǣǰϴжΣǿֶǿЧʼߡ

Ѿ˵ʥŮãһͷ޴ڴԡ

ʵιĻ޿ͷͷ͹ȥ죬غαشˣü峴ըķʽϸϸ⿣ǻǼʳϸ

Ϊڳӵľǿ

ƴˣ

ŵţ  
ٰѲ˵׹ſвˣٶȿвӰ

ÿ˿ڴͬĹʢȲͬĻ棬ץ𾻺õĲˣŷͶȵĴڡ

Ϸβ㲻̣ŮʹŲɺͣԴԴϣͣЪ
βĶƤ𣬶ɲˡ
ŶƤڵϣһһţһһ

ⳡǷӺͷβ֮ĴսԷβʵڳԲ¸ա

ã
óŶ

βסԼԲĶƤ

ˣãⱲҸ£ǱɽŮץסã͵ʥŮߣãӹáҸ

ô

˲ˣ룡ҶƤһԣÿնôһ٣

ԡ赭ҽԼ

βһӵϷСλƷɵǰƽԼ

裺Լ

ƽԼǲ˺ԷԼ  
βûҪ˺͸ˣƽԼ˵ǼߡҪһͷԼޡ

β˺һҡҳΪ޺㲻ˣɣÿնҳʳ

裺š

β룬費ƭ־Ͳܵˣζ½Բʳ޾Դ˺ģˡ
У
Сүͬˣ

¶һ˿Ц⣺֣

ûۣһֱһ㣬ͱںУֻǣҲû˺ӣҪۣβڴػ˻βͣ챦ʯ۾鲼鷢⡣

ԺСΣ

˦β˲䴹βۣԽСզСأ

ȡ֡


β㿨ˡ

ͦŸڿȥǷ岻ͣת

ĵص

ʱ󣬷β㴹ͷɥĻ벻СҲУŮ˵˻ֻʣһͷˡ
嶼дҲҪдҪգ

ʲô  

ҡβֿˡ
ʲôôôѣ

ǿǿհɣԺޣҽСβ룬򣬡ҽ

βͻȻͨ˵ƵĴ˸£˸ˣ٣Ӹžǲһ磡 




35.   35    嫺


ʷβ
β¶˵ɶû, ҺСʱͱɽקҲûеûطѧ

ɽǿںصĴ, Եɵɵؿ, , һξκܾ, Ƥ, ʹ׽ˮֳ, ԱԵɵɵرȥ, , 

ն񾳺źЩ֪ҪԶס

Ȼŵ³ǻС

ϸϸ˱飬յóۡɵ㴿ǿѪԼ, ϡͿڵʵ

ȥһ嫺

.
̫񹬵嫺˼濴һֺմ, ߽ȥᷢԼվһƬûб߼ʵĴϡ

⻬羵, ûа˿ˮơͷ, ̺ܿ峺ˮС
ͷ, ͬǺ̺ᣬ׳۵ǺӰĻ

ȻҲǶɰ, һβذڿУǱ̵ѹӢСɡ

һ㶼ŵӵŹ

ֳ, ΢ˮС

ˮᷢ²ĺˮް, ΢΢һ˿⣬ж΢͡

żأ

ģһͬĽȻһƬƽͷȻṹɵĺƵĻ

ٳºˮֽᷢ»һһһ㣬µĺ޾Ҳ޾

ҪѰҺ鼮Ȼܿ۾ңǿʶ 

ʶ̿һһѰңڵʮҵһʺϷβĹ

ʳ
Ϲʱ㿿ʳԡΪּʮʺϷβ̰ԵӺʡ

ٷᣬ˽ž

ִʳãȴǱǳʯĹÿһ㶼ҪݺʯڵԴβ߾

Ƭ̡

ⱾʳѾʺϷβţܸôֻ취׬ʯ

˻ųݣǮˣһʦʦ
ΪһʦҪ׬ʯȻףֻǰдļֵҩͿȴʯˡ

ȻڵֻǸûϰκεʿȻдµܵȴĲʯˣѻ

𡶴ʳΪβѡ˼Ÿ˾һס

.
ʮ㡣

ϥڰУ׿һ飬΢Բձ鷢Ĺâӳ׹ࡣ

ÿ嫺鶼жȣĶѾ͸֧꣬޷һ飬ס⣬¸ܽ뿪  

ˣü̧ͷ
һºĲӰɲǴУ̫ˣΧҲƺȾ˪ѩϢ

ͫ΢סʥŮ

΢΢ʾ⡣

˫Ŀʶһչ

أ𵤾Ҫʲô飿ҶϤ

ҡͷܾʶǧзšƬ̺ʶ׽ҪᣬƲϷȥ

̸ϣûĵ˼Բ΢ֱ࣬ӱݣۣǻӷĴӣҲɰСķ⡭ᰵС塣

˵£ǰʲôӦûУŲδٹƬ̡

㻹ǵ𣿡
һμʥŮѡϹ䡣Ϊϴ䱻ó

貽Ĳͣǰߣ۱СԲں󷽡
˵λʥŮǸĮˣһֱȰѩ䡣

ûа취ֻһ⣺֪ʥŮʱԭʥŮȥǷݷãʥŮҾֱ˵ˡ

ʥŮɷ飿

᰷´˵ȴҲֻʮܳڵصףȥ
Ϊҿ޳Ϊһ굤ҪʲôҩֻҪòùҶΪ޳

ͣ

ΪҪ˵ˣסҲͣšȴ֣ڶժһᡣ

۱еĹᣬǡžһͷĵˣҪѧҿԽ㣬̫񹬣ʦͼλ֮⣬Ҹ˵ҵĵǿģ
˵仰Щ˵⻰ԲۣмĿɰ

Ȼ𡶵žһϷȥ

ۡ۱ŪҪըë

ΪţҲԼİ
κʥŮݸ˼ңֻðԼըëȥҪಽںͷʥŮ㿪ɣ

ι˵𣿡

޳Ϊ굤вУ

ꣿۿ첽׷ȥǰ˻Ρ

ꣿ

ꣿ

ʮꣿ

ɡҪѩС

۵ɴ۾ҪɸղԼĻþ㡭ղ˵𣿡

ҪǾ˫ǳڿ񸡱޳ʮ굤״ɡ

Ŀɿڴ

뿪嫺󣬻ʧԭأʮֻʣһ˺ᣬðûӦ

ҡҿ

.
صǷ塣

ʱβ̹Һߡ筴Ů£ųӸȺõٿһڵͷ״

ʲôڷԸһиĳŮ͵ǰֻС̫Դḻӳո߳ʲôʳóֻ벻ûгԲ

ûеӣβܵľɽĴǰֻ׷ˮֿеӣر

ֻź

ʥŮβӴԴ

裺

βҺз˦˦βͽҺɾطɵǰ

ȡ᣺ڰ⼸鹦졣

βס㡭ȥ

ôôãû˶ôá
⼸˽еΪĸԸβĺܸжΪһûеҰ㣬εһΪǣ

轫ȫݸ

β㻯Щ

ȥɣպһῼ㡣

βͷڸжУЩͷԣҪȻѡ

ȵȣ
һžȫڵϡ

βæ˵ȵȣո˵ռס˵ձɣ

ͷ

β㷢£Ҳʶְ

΢΢üߵˣǽ֡

ǣӡ


ֿβ㣺ѧ֣ڼЩ鹦պһῼ㣬û졭ɨɨǵͷ״һձͽʳһա

һѷβˡ

ʲô
βҽУҪˣŵ飬ƨظϽɵǰ

ȵҾڿԸһġ

һѧ֣ʮ֮ڱ쾭飬㿴ô

ʥŮ˵

֣ձ죡ˣβּۻۣԿǶҪˣӵԴҽУ޷ܡ

ͣ

ǱĿ⻹δβϣͻȻһЦģĺƵȥһôôõС

辪ϲʦˡ

š

һŤųǰ
θԽ͸Сһͬɡ




36.   36    Ψһͽٷѡ


տѩ׵ıԭ, ɵ֮£ɽ޴ĳϥ⡣

蹧صϥ񣺡ʦ𡣡

ɽͷ, һ˿Ц⣺ƽˡع𶯡

裺ʦˡ

͵, յһ, ƮĽ¡ǿ۷β, , ˵˵·;ϵ°ա

ǡ
ȥ, һз, ż͡

γֵĲǵ, ⷨȶûս˺ѸУ֮, شӷֻĴ忪ʼʼϸϸ˵, ûκһ˿ϸڡ

ɽʱ, 轫ɽ踥ԭȥˡ
ֻ˵ԼһŹ, ͻȻֲɽɽִ, ȻܵжԼǱ׺ʶʧ, ʱڵ棬

һ跢ϵ

Ưһֻ޴Ա֮Сϵӡ

ָ£, Ƭ̺ðԵַ
Ļ̥ľ϶Ϊһͬ⣬˷βһ, Ӻζ

ͷ΢

踥ֹնΪкܴţ棬ɽʧܽ˭˵ħѪ⡣
֪쳣ʦ𣬻᲻Ϊ踥鷳

Ĭһ˲费
һλǰ 

ذƬ̡  

ͷ޴ɽĬɻص跢ϣûм׷ǵѾδˣõ˶ֱǿ
ؼһ㡣  

ڳûм׷ʮָм˳ʵʦΪϡ٣ʲô𣿡

Ϻһܵѣһ̥ȴֻһӣԽǿѪԽ׾ãع򣬷ˣҲˡ


صıǵ£ޱϵĺɫݿĦ̶ͷˣмﳤӴӰڼΧǴȦ

Ӧīսͷһ

䡱һ죬һͷȻƱǶǱѳգ֮һͬĻйɷ

̾ڵͿУֲսǷβ㡣

սķβ䣬͵һ˦βʹӷԾ𣬷ɵţܸԱ֮Сһ΢Сսȴ˿ɷģΪɰ

һ̣β͵ػ󣬱һС
ǿɰʱԵÿֲ

飡

ͷȻﺷȻսһ

βն񾳣ҲԼѹƵնΪͷӵͿմ򵽸߿գִӸ߿մ򵽱ټıԭҵϡãֻʣ³ǺΧıá

˫սúܾãԷβһա

С֮ͷ軳УƬһ߲С㣬βСʹһһϣŲϣԼڻͷˡ

һָһסβ㣬βƶʱ޸ãֱرӲӵС㡣
ܲ
ǱӦֹˣʶƺǿ͡

ҿ

޴üĴͷ­ҫֱۣӣɲڰս̰ʹ಻

һŷƮƮסͷ

ʱ

뽫ӽ£Լ꣬ȴһεѹϣ޷ҿ

Ŀӷβ㣬΢΢һЦƴʶͬˮ𵴶ȥ

ղŵʶѹֻԴԵʶɢģڲʶǱʶķβȴķüĴĵ

Ĵĵˮûٵѹʧһֻ£סβ㣺ʶĻҪǿ

ժ·ιȻܶˡ

ΪʶǿͣЩ⣬ǿԼʱСȴδ˵ʶǿ 



֪ԭ

ֻǼһۣ֮ʶǿ˲٣βں跴ŪѣŪѣʶѾǿ̬

ʦ֣֮ǰûβʶ⡣

Ƿſβ㣬ɷβص軳Ȼʶзš
ǿʶĪҪ˷ˡ

ʶãʶԴգϰ

ͷжлʦ𡣡

βҲµظ˵лл

Ǿ޴ͷ­ʹڱϣܱͷõı˲޸ֱһ޼ʵİѩԭ
ͬĺٴ
ħ֪٣

΢΢һ˻ش

޷֪ǵ޷֪ǵȥ
մħѪ˲۶ôǿնħʧټǲ֪̽׷Ѱ
˶٣䣺ħƺԼ֣Ҳûֻܿħ󽫻ǼС

ǣħ˿£֪Ϊô˻Ҫðȥħ

豾ҡͷ
ͻȻ뵽Ƿ̧ͷƺΪħɣ

ǴĻķͷע΢΢ˡ

ƣȻɳһɫ⣬ĶͷСһ£ɲǽ뵽һηε״̬

һƬֵʥǰչ

ƺһƬ߼λ棬ǵģλ棬ͬӿռһƬȣ˻ƺͳ΢Ľӿռ䡣

޳ͣ˸ӵǿģʮӿٱŮòףøСվ΢ЦؿơѺáƽͣ˻֣ƺڻӭĵ

ת
˱󴫻

˷յǱǱȸ֮ϡ
ǿŵ͵λˣҪȥ磬ȴû뵽Щ֪ΪħΧɱ

Щ˷ŭؾֻ߹ͬ磬಻ǵֻΪɽʱʳ

ƮƮڹеʧ
ξгϸĻħ󷽷ԼÿһҪ¡
ħɣħɣħɣٻǣΪǣǴ뿪ŷ·ڶϵ˽ξ

輱ٵһ˫ۣͫײţʵξ𺳵޷ǻͣǼ߹ƻԵĹС

ôΪ

̧ͷԼʦ

ⷨͷĻɽԼǰξν˸ɡ
ξˣʵнΧ

һһ˵ﲻνĵͼλ棬ҲǸ߼λ档  

˻Ѿ޷˵˻֮⻹иƴ硣һǧأǧٶȿ⣬ɼʹӳʼɣһֱ̲ͣսᣬҲɲرԵ

ӿռһĴڣֱ޷߼λΡ

νĸһУ糾ΪġˡҪ뷽跨

ԷŲ²⡣

ǽӿռ䣬νĵͼλ棬磡뷽跨Ҫ˵ء

ο衣

һʥƴɾҪξЩڣҲЩҰĻǡ

νħɲ޻̸֮ξǷǳйƻԡ 

ξͨξҪ˵Ǳʶǲᶨ˻пܱͷΪħɣŲɡ 
ӡ
Īôеģ

ǣξħ̵ĴֶΡ

ħ̣ 

ԳΪɽ̡һŵϹʱĶ̣ԴξΪֶΣԻħΪּйʱʧû뵽иļ󡣡

Ϲʱĩħ̺֮ʱɵƻɡ

һ䣬һŰ߰⼣Ϲʱͭǰ
ͭתʵļµĻ档

ͭгħ
ֻħԶֻӴ󣬴һžͿԲһ򡣴ץһѴץϵС
һ·ǰУ֮´ħѪ

ħѪصס
ڵص׵鱻ȾΪµħħ߷Ű

ǿȻħǿߵ֮ǰ¶һЦݣɼƷƴӶɵӴȻɢΪһѪ
Ļǿߵصʧ

ǿ޿κΣվڷɽĿĴãҲֻûһǽ塣

ǱħѪȾĳǳأǱħ̤ĴɽմħѪ顭ʿմ

ڣħߴš

ԽԽմħѪɭֳǳرգʱŻҡ˵ɫһֱӵйʱйʱȥ󣬴زŻָԪ

ҡĿĵϹʱͭâ֮

ǣϹʿ÷¼ʵ档

ħ̰թħ󻽳һͨȥͽһǽ塣Ϲʱǿ߱ȺʥˣֻĩħߺУԻ͵ϹʱսᣬӴ˰˻ؽ޹йʱ
йʱҲֻһʥˡ

ףλʥָӦϪʥˡ

νħֻħջʿħֶΣǧҪħ̹ƻ󡣡

ԭʦԼƻΪħ̵һԱصԼħ̵ξǰԼһԼۿϹʱħߺеĲпử档

֣صǣʦͽס

ƽƬ̺ͻȻڵ೤ϣü΢šͽЩɻξȻ߹ƻԣն񾳼ʿӦУΪΡ

ǣħȻô򵥣ǻһħΪʦ˵

֣֮һŨɫ׹ľ𲻶
ǡħľ֣ħճʱĳħѪһڶ̶ʱ֮ڿΪڵĳҲֿջ󡣡
ΪʦǰʱձչؾΪħ

ħΪǰ䲿ְ壬Ժ̫ӡ֤з洦

ֿʼħĲֿӡ֤İ塣



һʦһͽϥһɽͣһСϣȴĺгǢ

ͣУ򣬱˫ۣصԡպͻƼ龳ڣ˼龳ڣ麣Ҫ顣

£֣صضųߵװл
лʦġ

ʦǵ̫ãʦصħпΪԼ

ͷһ̾Ϣ
º͵

ɣΨһͽٷҲΪ

ָʦõΪԼΨһõóֵľֻе֮
Ҫ뷨ԽԽǿҡ

ʦѧסͷǡ

ž

ͷ­΢Ϊ̫޴ұĻ˿顣

ģͷ۽ҲŴ䡣

̫ʥʥŮһ̫׷ѰʦҲȻ
ΪԼʦҪܾʱ

ǻ쵽ǰΪʦȥһλʦ




37.   37    ʦͽʦͽ


絽ϡ

޴ƻ£, 裬̤ѷ֮УһͿ絽˻ӷ塣

ӷɽ, , ձӳյúͮͮ, ѷп, ȴŻӵĿӭ  
跢ּСͯͷ϶Ż, ȴûµظæµš

ֵ, ЩͯӵӴһ, ȻҩĻҵعһأˣ
Ӽˣ  
Сͼ
һСʰò, ȻͻȻŵˣʧ˷ִ硣

ɡ
˺ûӷ˶


һͷ㣬ҲͷӴӴбŲ۵, ̫˿ϡ  

ӷ˾հųզҪʲô, õ͹Ըһͺ, ôԹ
ʥŮĴ, , էȻ⻹ӷ壬ֹһСͯŻ, Ҳŵͷӡ

ǳ˾հ΢΢ףʦְæ  

ʦ֡
˾հƺͷ΢΢һ¡

̫ĵǺ֪ʵ͵ͬһʦµʦֵܣ곤ꡣ

ң뵱, ŵĳֻǸСӣͦ棬üһ, ȻǸƤ
ѰΪٶȣľһһ곤һСأջۣ𽥲졣
ӵٶȣһӣʵͳûпʵһһֳʦȻֺзгϣΪ˵һأڽ

ĺ󳾽һŽʦɵû˵ġ֮ĵڵȡò׵ĳɾͣȻĵñ  

˾հк·Ը˵޷
ʦ׽ҪǺʦܾûзִ粻ˣʵ̫󡭡û취  
˾հԼ˰ᡣ

ǰͽ͵˾հǰͽԵȤϣʦ̵ܽһ

˾հü
ĵӣ̫񹬵ʥŮȻϰ

ԭС£̫˻ԹһˣģһʥŮ

ǾͶлʦˡ΢΢Ϲ

ҡҡ˾հæ

˾հ󣬷ǰķѾʧˡ

ӷϵĵͯһֱսսͷַڵϵͶӰʧ۾µµתһȦȷϵĲˣ˿̱ڵϡ
ɷҲɷҲͯǷ׷׸ؿڡ

ת˲˷ܼˣǿôĵ
ϣ
ղſ𣿡
ûУķ̫ΡˣһĸҸ߸ߵŲȥ
ҲûС

˾հߴߴĵСͯɫһǳ⣺ûϢ

ۼԦŷ嫺ҪɰС壬ԶԶĿһ޴ķڻӷϣת˸䣬Ͻӷǳʲô£õݡ

غ󣬿һѩıӰԭء

ӷ˾հ۾һ֣ã

ǰ˾հϺͰЦҵĴӣȻᣬڵȴѾԽǰ̫ҲСָܶ

ϷڳԸԭһϹŵæ¹˲ʥŮҵĴӴʥŮţ֮ϷԽ̵Σ

ͷһ
һֱִͷʦ𽲻ȴ̲סˣȻתͷ衣
嫺ûдû뵽תһȦС

ЦЦ

ɫȴû˿嵭صӷİš

˾հЦüһۣɵɫָȻ֮󣬱һº͵ЦϷͻصˡ

裺롣

˾հ뿪

תۣǱӿۼһݣԾվֱЩ͵ɲʦҽİҲŸջ

΢΢ףʦִ·ɡ

΢΢۾
һʦְеüˬ·ͨȫͷë׶ſˣ泩
סˣ°΢̧˵ʦּӣص˵ͷʥŮˣھʹȥҵɰ壬ʥŮ롣

뿪󣬻ӷͯӵǻĽա

ʦǿʥŮ˻صһˡ

ô˵ʦֵֶŮ˵ڵصأ˵ʦֿɲԸˡ

֪ԸԸ⣬ʵʵذ쵽ԼɰС壬ڳõһ䵤

ңֽȫյԼĴ﷨Уˮϴ峾ַ˱飬Ž

費Ⱦ˳̤

ۿһ߸пʲô齵ԣоԼĵʱ·ƮһԼûôԼԼӦðҵǼ䵤ס¶Էλ硣

л

ɫŶŶлͷʦ֣ûȵ΢΢Щʧ䡣

ĴϻӴֻȡ˸ų̧ۣʦֿʼɡ

Щ  
ֵ̹Ȼ·֮ǰ嫺ûӹһѣŸʶƵġ

һȡһôߵĺᣬ΢΢һЦҪѧϰЩǻʥŮȴӻѧɡ

պ

ϥϣŶͷԼ֮С

ԭΪʥŮҪЩ飬Ҫ꣬һ￴ǡһ۾ͷȥһ۾ͻһ
ڵϿҳһá

аΪûסЩеݿ˿һﻹȫ죬˽ԭֻһտǡ

һЩҩĵǳɫǹЧĻǿһ˿

Լ㻨ʱŵţۿʼԼǲǡ

ǿŴģѵ¶һЦֱȽĵҩ𵤵ĵҪʾʥŮҿ

º  

ֹͣڻԼڻ

ʥŮڶ̶̰ڣѧʮѧжûжɽˡһŽģ飬Ҳƴ

ʥŮѧĶҲ˿ô̲סʡ 

ϣؿһֽ͸ɫգŹ⡣ 
ֻǰһþĶǵĻ

۵ûȵش𣬲ըë

һ浱Ἣˣ
ÿβشͲ˵ƫƫôÿһƤңԻġ

ܿ쿴굤֮Χѩˮ

лʦĽ̵
΢΢ʩһȥ

æվ𣺡ȥģ

ȥһӷ߳һ仰ֱ뿪ɰС壬˿û

׷źѾˡ

۾վԭذûӦӦöŴҪʲôֻ֪  

Ƭ̻ͷյĵ˺ϣעԼԼڵ顭

ǰµһΣѾͽˡ

飬зȥ˻ӷ塣




38.   38    ۾Բ


˾հʱһ, ЦǺǵʣʥŮϷк°
ΪѧһʱȤҪˣֻǺԼĴʲôìܡ

΢΢˸, ʧ˵ʦѴŵ, ܽһ

˾հһˡ

û, ˣ

Ź˰¡ôܣ

ʱۼԦз, Ĵ, һɷа, ɫȴŻҡûģ, ΢΢

۹˾հ˸, Ĳ̧ͷʦʥŮѧü죬ڵϣɽʥŮˡ

˾հĿࡣ

۴ӻȡһųɫĵҩ, ˫ֵݸԼʦ𣺡ʥŮĲѪʦ뿴

˾հӹŻѪ
ҩʹĳɫ, ƤԲ, ûа, ֮йɵĵ㡣

˾հ˵㵤۳˳, ֮ԡ

ҪһʦˮƽҪУԷסٵ, ҲöԷҩҺּҩģֻ迴Էĵ֪Էǲ汾¡

ʥŮ֮ǰнӴ𣿡˾հĵʡ

裺һЩᡣ

˾հɻЩ

ȴԱ߰Ц, ǰ嫺軹鼮ָĿһЩᡭžЩɡ

ãʥŮϷԽ̵˾հתȻ˵, Ҳһš

ۣǡ

֪ʦǺ⣬˳ŽҪٱݺݴһˡۿһۡ
ദһʱˣҲá

.
º

ɫңѾĳʧȥġ

£ʥŮʹͨʦΪʦʦϣǺ˾հͬȼĵʦˡ

ʦĵȼ࣬ʦƷʦʦǵʦÿһ׶ѿԽǵ˵ӵųΪʦٳΪƷʦҪʮ꣬Ʒʦʦûмʮ겻ܡ

Ҫ֮ǰ˭˽˲µʱʹһ⺺ΪʦһЦǺǵһѡ

ƫƫ˾ǰǿһ޵ѧġ

˾հڷϥȼյĵػԣЩؿŲԶһѩյʥŮԺл㱸ֳһһѩʱӰ

˾հ˻ͷ
Ǿ͹ˣôյͽҲ

˾հתתԼɫҰܵĴӡ
ǽĽѹ飬ֵĵԼĴӣ浱ǡجְ

˾հ۾һɫֽת

ǧ࣬ѲǵǸ̬Ŵһ겻Ĵӡ̫񹬵ĵʦ̫ܵһλĵţϧԼͽ⣬һ˷ϲ֮顣

̫񹬵

̧̧۽ޡ

֪ȻԾ
̵üʱһΪʦѧϰЩѧĶ˵˷ʱ⡣

Ϩ

¯Ǵ򿪣˱ǵŵ鵤شӵ¯зɳŶӷɽ׼õĴƿС
轫װ鵤Ĵƿݸ˾հƷ

˾հһŵ鵤ĳɫԼЧ΢Ц覣ʥŮϷƽ

ҪлϸĴڡ󹧹˸񣬡ôʱգҲ뿪ˡ

˾հ

ڿ񿴵һŵȽȽǣඦעصĵţҲҪĵȻʧɫ
Ǿʹ˶ûȤˣǾǵĴʧ

æʥŮѧϰɣʥŮĴϻۣδܳΪϷĵʦϷҲڡ

˶٣л⣬ֻǸղ鵤ʱ򣬾úͲ鵤Щ֮ͨԼŻȥչһܲдһµҩ

ޣԭ  
˾հ˿ 

ʦһ³ѧ˺ܶȵ⿷ԾԾԳζ²ˡ
ʦҲˡ

γ

ֳԣ˾հһֹ̬ȣ˸񣺡ǾףʥŮܹɹˡ

˾հϹȻ뿪ӷ塣

ȫ̴ͷɥϣһԲ
˾հȫɥʧĵĴӣ·𿴵Լ̾˿һյͰĵȰ
αظʥŮأʥŮ֮֮ܽ죬һΪĿһá

Ϊ飬Ȼػ׿ʩչ΢

亱УûҪȡ 

˾հȰ˺һ۲ŽͻмؿԼʦû뵽ʦ˵
˾հļ硣 

ʦͽĬĬԣϵǸ׽ˡ
.

ֹ£۱ʥŮ澴塣

ۻЩʥģ̤̤塣

ꡣ
ѥĲڽŰɫ˪ĵϣ΢O@졣
˱

ǰϡܿԶڱε̨ͤڣܸߴڡݡ

ûˣͷЩţһ߸ǰߣһںͷ˵Ϊ˵ʥŮϵĻ𶾣ʯصıĸԴǷ£⺮ǷǱĸԴɢĺ

ֻ΢΢ЦЦżͷǰ·𻰡

Ҳֻòٿڡ

һǰһ󣬸O@̤Ž˪Ĳݵأƿ翺ڼžп첽ǰߡ

һǰ

λŮƿţǰһż˽ȥ

ڿտ䣬ڵеһؾϣڰϵרдʲô۽ûֱͣ󼸸ɣŸ±ʣһ˫۾ˡ
Ѻʦ飬ʮӵصзųɻǵĳŵ

һϲѣʮܳ𣿶лʥŮȻǵóŵʱ嫺˵һ޳Ϊʮ굤

˵΢΢˶٣ЦʥŮĵҩҶᣬŵ뻻һҲԡ

裺軻

ʥŮȷҪ޳Ϊʮ굤

΢΢ףţÿʮö鵤

ࡢ٣Щİ͡

ʮö
ƽظһ顣

۾Բÿܡ
ÿʮöܰƤͷţһҹݵҲÿʮöΪʲôһÿöһ

ۿҪץ

農ؽдõݸۡ

ۻ±ƱУӹʱ黹ſţȴƽ

ǱǸĲ鵤

龳µʿΪҪ麣׳麣
ַһؼƶʿҴԣĵطɣҷЩģΧʯԴŨٴɡ

ڶֳǷҩ鵤ĲĵҩһźΪ麣൱һͨطɵ

ַȻЧʸߣ۵в鵤ͨʿ˵Щ󣬲ܳø 

Ȿ鵤µĸı䣬ܶ఺ĲϱϱøӣϳɱҪܶࡣ

ۿʣʥŮⵤ鵤𣿡

һһƿСƿɵǰ۽סƿһŵҩ󣬸ɴһš

ҩ븹Ը

ͫ΢

ȻĳɹˣĲ鵤ԭıȣЧ˽ɡ£ֵҲ΢١

սдƿ

ʣƿССĵҩ𵤵𶯡֪ǵţҲʵǲͷ𶯡

۷Ƭ̴󣬸Ͻڶᡣ

ڶҳдĺȻǡе

еһ¯ޱȵĵҩٽޱȵĵҩгһСһСŵСŵҩķ
ۣ鵤ʺһ¯ö󵤣ͨеһöгǧöС
ôҲ˵ÿֻʮ¯Ϳÿʮŵҩ 

ҲǻΪˡ

Ϊ˼еһᣬ̧߬ͷҪ޴ĵҩѰĵ¯УҪƵĵ¯

Ӵ﷨ȡһ¯¯ڵȻ¯Ҫŵ񷶥

Ųⳬŵ¯񽥽ֱˡ

ȫ׼ˣ
ôоһͲӵͷϻţأ

䶯ٴȴͬܰƤ᣺վͿʼɡ

³һֿ̧Ƶߣ˰

ô졭£




39.   39    ʥŮˡ


յ߳, Ĳ鵤ˣҪȥƿŲҴңȥһҵҩ󡪡쵤

쵤̫񹬵µĵҩ, ģӴ, ʮÿҪǳжһ쵤ֹģĵ˽˵̻̯λ, żٵ, ʿȽϷ, һҪҩȥ

߽쵤, ֱĻ˵
Ҫƿ鵤

ЦǺǵҪҪ°Ĳ鵤

°油鵤 

ǰ, °油鵤Ǹս, ЧԭҪһЩ

Žɣ𣿡
ʯһƿ 

ƣ۸ԭĲ鵤ͬһŲ鵤ʯһƿʮţҲǶʮʯһƿҪƿ

Чԭĺã

һԾ֪

ԥƿ, Ȼȥԡ

ֻƿҲװõҩݸ, ƿ鵤ʮʯ, ɻݹˡ

ʯ˵תҪ, ȴſиӽŲܽ, һʹƹ񣺡ƹģǸ²鵤𣿣

ƹӭе, Ҫٰ

ܹж٣ºɤźһҪв鵤Բļơ

ǧƿ

׳ҶЩŻô

ƹҡҡͷ

׳ԼʯҧҧǸһƿ

Լİƿ鵤Ŀɿڴ
ⲻаɣ

һһƿҩģ

δԷǲ, ſͻȻһ졣ֻһϹ⣬һ޴ķ۴ſڵʵ, 㱻ҳһӡ
ҳУһŮ˷ۼҴ߽쵤

˰벽
ϵҵŮϡ

һۺͺ׳ߵƹǰü΢壺²鵤ô±һ

ƹģУȻС

ֱóһԴʣƿȫҪˡ

Ͷϲ£ˣ׳߳ţСŸȥ̨ΪʲôǶҪôಹ鵤

׳û˫ͭһɣ̤ˡ

ڨڨаɣӿ϶С
ûܴ˿еõ𰸣Ťͷֿ쵤ĻƹæŸƿ˽ֻǰƿ鵤ˡ

صк󣬺ϥ̷һŲ鵤

һеЧʯ񱼳š

²鵤Чɣҵ΢΢۸ȴԭȵĲ鵤һ˭˭ɵӣ

Թ²鵤Ҳӿ쵤
°油鵤ԺҪǼۣڱ˶Щ¹ӦڲԺûˡ
еĶ񣬴Ȼת

.
ɽЩЩͬ

ɽڱܻ¯塢ĸ塢帱ɢ͵¯緢ĻҪƲȼ
Χݲϣ˲ŷɽϣЪ

ûֻС鵤ȥĵڶ൤ʦԼᴦϵͯӣǹͬЭֻʯõģֻȫѡ 

޴ĵ¯ҹϨ油鵤һſˮԴԴ

µһ鵤봢﷨̤ȸǰʲε塣

ʲελ̫
һɽͰ޴Σ䱻ƺƣ˴ڶ๬¥ɽŵϢ

ȸɽ֮ͱĲ֣ƣо崺硣

̫ȡҩҲɷҩĵطڵʦ԰Լõĵʲε廻ȡʯÿ»ʲεҲŵŵӷַҩ  
쵤ĵҩҲڻʲε壬ܻʲε¹Ͻġ 

¿۾һӭٲ鵤

Ѵݸ£Цǧţ

һȴ̾˿

ôˣԼȸĲҪȥĽµĻʲΣʲβʹö£һ£ɽ嶼Ҫ

ǧȻ࣬

ǧŻˡ

֪ǷѾԺھǵ²鵤ɰľͲˡ
ŵÿжʮƿ鵤ŵÿƿ鵤룬۵ÿһƿ鵤̫ôˣһʼ
ڸĻҲҪ²鵤ڵĸ͹ԱһӴ

ĵ쵤쵤ǶѾˣҪ鵤

ˣҺ£ٶһЩʦͬ

¹˹֣Ǿ鷳ˡ

ˡ

ȡԴҴ̤ȸȥ

ȸƲм䣬ܿص翵ϣɺ䣬ȸ˸ɵһڡͣЪ

ʱһ£βʩչ

ƴСҷڿУһ³֣һʧ
ʱǰʱϣϺգһգۣֻʣһɴβ¶ʹҡΣȻǡ顱ˡ

ԴеķβڣβͱֱٴηβԭʧǰУγĽԡ
ôһƬڣ
ﴫ

ѩ׺㱡ɴʣǵذ׵Ӱ·㲻ʵ
Ųߵ裬ӣʲεĸ˵鵤˵Ѹµԭһ顣

˳ָץסββͣܲƵİѷβӵγһʦ鵤ȫȨ𣬴Ժ

ǡ¡

β˻壬մм䡣

ԿʼʳˡʯԴԴԴϵǷ壬ȱʯѾˡ

һţгһöָһֲ

β̵ָذллˣã
нʲôùܵĸоˡ
÷βһ࣡

βս衣

ָһ

ƴСʱɲڿкȦһɣָڵϣβڴָմǰһ彫Ѹ
ҸոӦöӽָ

β˿ûбɵİգָһףԼö

費β㣬ȥʼԼ

֪£˹ꡣ

ͻƵ˵񾳣麣Сµ麣ը±ӿĺ󣬶麣Ĵ˸СС顱ǸС裬ϥ麣룬ʴѩĻְΧȼգϺɡ

龳ȣʵǿرǰʮԼŶ򲻹ڵһ

ڳͷʦĸм

ֲʦԼУʵ̫˳ˡ

뵽ʦͷͻȻյʦĴͬʱһϤѷǰ

ԥؿѷС

֪ʦסĵطǽд̫ѩ̫񹬵ĳһ֮С
νȥûгڿտıԭϣһڡ

ʯϣöԼģ΢΢⣬īٸǼ׿

ʦͽ˾ǰʤѩʱ 
˾հʦͽʵȴǡ

ʥ飬°û̻н޵Į°ͬʱִŵʡ

һööϵӣ

˸߹ȥ

ʶͱȽǿͣ뵮񾳺ʶǿ࣬μ࣬ȻսȴԲ¶ʹɫж硣


档

Ҷġ

ǣʦ𡣡 
ʯϣѩ΢΢ϡ

ǽһöյ¨У̧𣿡

裺δѧ

Ǻش̫񹬣Ƥӵ³ģ޷Ϊʦ㡣

ӷֺڰףȰ׺һһӡ 
Ԫǽڷָ˵Ĵָ΢ƣλСĿ
ɤȪͻ

ëʹ

ǸʦȻǸĵˣڴڷȴϸ¡

ΧĹִ壬ʼӡ

ѧĺܿ죬ʦĽѾȫΧ򣬵һϽλҲСĿ

һʦһͽʼ

Ҫ·ҪڵԶԿľʹѣļѡ

ÿҪֲסʱͺһڷǰ裬ʶ֮ʹл⡣

˰ʱʶټ֮ʱȻ޻

̡豭һеһжʧ

ããʣһƬҰԭ

ϥ붨ȹʶ
ͬĺͷ

붨

֪˶ãȹ̣ΪղǳʱĶǿͳ̶зǳ

ǵͷɽɽһӣǿз֮Уǰλɽ˻ط٣˭ܽӵĻǴзд˭ܵõһС

һ

ǰȷʵô¡

ɽɽӲزۣλɽǳ۰λӣص˹ŲɹĳΪĻȥֻء
ȻȥͶ̥֮ɽ׷ȴٳ׷ٲӵټ

ܲ㣬֪ԭӵĻǱ

ֳƻǹ򣬴ֻصļз֮Уżлڱֻ֮ǰз첶׽򲶻Ļ޷룬Ҳ޷תͶ̥ᱻԶֱ

֮𶯰˻أΪµɽɽӣΪС

ǣСһ裬ףپԶ֮·ԽԽʵǣ˭پ֮ʱ
һΨɽС
裬ϣܵõС

軺գգۡ

ǰն˭֪ж౦󣬿ϧǰûôʱ Щ

ǰʱҲûȥЩʱӵ̫񹬽򲻾ãΪʯԴһҵҩӣֻһʦæԼĥơеһľȡ֮ʡʱ䷨ûð˻ضҡҷʢ¡
ǵúǰ˭ûдɽɽӻǣ˭ûõС

ŵ΢һϹʦͽԸûеõζҲܡ

ǵ˵ͷ

һѩȻĶͷ

ʣʦǡ

ûлشֻ˵ȥɡͱͳ˴̫ѩ

.
ѷһ졣
ɽĸѾ˴ӸطʿӵܣӵܣҲв֪ߡ

뵣Ů̴ŹϹɽĵӳҲڹͬдЩԶ͡

ʿȺύѣ̸۹򣬻̸ʱ̵ĵ

ںͬŵĵӺȲ̸۵

ɽŮ踥ߣڶ°Χм䣬һʯʯʣţ˽ΧվΪ
һΪܽɽɽء¹ҡͷ̾

踥ȿйӣû̬ȴ㲻ףĵصɽ˽룬˴

ޱˣŮѵͲɽӣ

кãȥֹһλƿɽŶȡɽСʧܸաɽŲ˽ɽɡ

и¹Ц¹ӣ־Ǻ̫ǿˣ˵Ϊ֪ʦûճٷصذŮȥźʦԡһ߳أ
ݵú˵¹΢죬ˡ
˺ȻЦ

踥ҲֵùЦ
ĵصϲˮЦǺס

ͻȻ˵𣺡ҪʱˣѩʥŮˡ

չضˡһѩʥŮŮʿ˵񻹲֪Լһ˵ͷˡ

Ⱥһ˲
˲Լͬ뵽̫񹬾һƳӰ

ʥŮҲˡΪõĳ¹Ҳ̾ޱȵʧ䡣

ɽŮȴЦա

ͻȻһųǣڵɫĻҲĿ֡  

ˡ

ϼͭ㳵ţȻʻ䡣  




40.   40    û°ɣ


ĵܴɧ, ܿɧƽϢˣΪɽɽˣΡ뷨ڸرԵ, , , ˲˵

֮һֵͬĻڶܡ
һΡɽ, ڵͶ´ƬӰ, ڶʿڡ

ǵĳҲζͨͨ

ɽɽӰ𣺡лλѵĵ

һ, λϽͨͨ, ֻܴͨͨһ˲, ֻһ϶λǰϣ׼ͨʱҪ졣

Ҳ΢΢ţĵط, ̫ǿᱻ䷢ų⣬նϵʿ˴λҪ롣

˿ܻʧ, ʴ, λ, ô

һСĻ, ˫ɽСʳԡ

󡭡
ɽɽ޴˫۸ʿ, ұһλѣ˽ᷢʲôδ֪, ҵĻпܽȥͳˣ˳ü

һЩʿùˡ

Ǳֿܼܲˣɽôµؾ, ͱŵ˻ȥ
󲿷ʿܼᶨûȴʼϥ͵¡

ɽ˵ͷλʼ׼ɣɽ᲼´ػλ壬λҲ⿴ţǿԷȥ

ɽĵӿʼַ׷

踥к裺һ𡣡

ףȡһݸ踥踥ڲɽ˳Ǹʽࡣ

踥㶣Цúܿģһ۶һˣôۣ

䣬ϥ£踥ô˵ͷʣô

踥氤ߣ㲻㣬ԸһЩ

˼صͷ

踥Ƴɹϲ̵ˡ

Էβ˵һػǵ壬бʣ̴ǵǺ뿪βѾСɡ

β֤ģһǵǲ͵£
ݳǸӡ
ʥŮŮôÿѱɫģѿǵʱ͵ߣȻ£һţ

踥βһ˵Ҳ뵽Ǹݳǳʱ¶һɫػʩģڽӺɳȡ£ŵ˵㡣

Ӻɳʼػת 

˷β㣬˭ҪǿᱻӺɳɱ

迴Զˡ

βûкһж˴ඦӣһЩԸˡ
ЩඦԶط󷨣ȻҲעضǵķûȫɽˡ

ûжβһͬˡ

踥ʼɡ

裺š

ϥ˫ĿأһųĹŻͷǵĻˡ

⣬ʿҲλϡ

УڶȲһĹڶڰУөɵĴ֡

ɽɽڶܷΧվһȦɽͰΧסǣĬģ嫺ʼڡ
䣡
дȻۣ˴˶Ժһţײľ޴Χ˲Զɽ塣

ûвеʿ˿ΪзסˡûѿѵʿǱⷬŵˡ
û뵽ͨô

ɽɽ÷

λɫµص˵ͷԼԼķз˷ȥٵתԸٶȻײһ

Թ۵ʿǴʧɫ󣬷׷׾ֵסԼĶ䡣

Ȼȴûײеľ춯ص졣
зײһʱһǼžģһ˲ʱƺֹˡһŤͫѷ죬ײĴ֣أ죬˲
¸һʿǶܵɢ˼˲ʵϢ

ѷֵɲǣڶ弲ճȥ

еĻ屻δ֪壬һʧȥ˻ᡣеӵĻûж»صԼС
ѷֺǰֻжʮŻɹС

ʧܵĻ½ϣʿ۾ɫõɽĵӴ뿪ȡ׷ǲٴˡ

ոֻ¶ʮϥĿ塣

һʱˡ

β跢Ծ£ٿȻʵƯ㣬ÿһƬ챦ʯƵƬ⣬ԱߵĴǶһۡ

β踥ҷûЩԶһʲôһ´·ǰ˰βͣƵðһ

һһƬ°ڵ潻

踥峯бͷͷžݱ۾ᰤһһӳ

βסǣһȦ

طǳڳɽĵŮʣΧƵվĴǡ

ЩʵСĵŮȻǲ÷ġ
β˦˦βͣԲԲ۾ضʵǿɽɽһɽ

֮ǰ˷βʥŮ֮Ľ̸
ѵ͵С壿
ֻ뿴ֻסߣ

ɽɽŲ΢˸λá

˫˶̽յƵĸƶ

š
ɽɽˡ

.
ĻͱΡ
˿Լ֣оûʲôͬƮƮûָоʮء



ŨǦɫŲị̄ԶɽӰ㿣ڵīȴ΢΢Ծţ˻ɽӰǲǶ׷ŵľޡ

˿һվһưֵܵĴԣϡܿԶ̦īɫǽһˡڲлٵʯԣʹͷͷסʮְ

迴ˡһۣȡ׷

΢Ĳɫ͵һԼӵоðֻ̧ס΢⣬Щ򱱷

ڴڵġˡ֪ʲôʱ̧ͷޱض⣬Ұ׵ľӲ񣬷ˡ

ûٿ׷򱱷ȥ

òҪʹпܱųȥûʹκηֻý·
ҲڴڵĻǣֻǸСͿĻǣ֪Լˣʶ״̬˺ˡ

辶ֱԽϱ߹⡰ˡߡ

ǡˡֱضͷƶʮֳĬ

贩аܵĴ䣬߹ѵС·Ȼǰû·ˡһΡĴɽǰڵģʲô塣
ΡĸɽѿԽ

΢˶ٺ󣬾ֱǰȥ

ԭɽӰԴȥ

ɽӰڼžֲָڣ׷ָжʧ򡣶ž޵ļžŲڵЩͳͳûС

졣

ͣסŲͷ

һŲҰ׷Ŵ󣬽ֱ۶׷򣬷⾪㤡

ǸڴڵġˡҲ֪ʲôˡԽ·Լѷ֡

΢΢üϨ׷ʱȴĺڰУһŲɫ΢Ʈ

Ȼһű̹յò쬵ǰ

һֱ䵭Į˿̲űЩ

踥ŵһŲҰ׵˻һػְϿ¿˿ȷ£ԭҲһ⣬űţû°ɣ

ҡҡͷ
أ

Ȼ£ȫȭ߸ˡ

踥ץס֣Ǹ࣬׷ǵע⣬ǰϨ𡣡
á

˵ͷ봵׷

ʱһƬڣûԴʲôˣ踥ߣȴԷ

踥ס֣Ҫɿ߳ɽӰ˵

á
Ҳս֡

˼ӿŲűȥ

踥ƺ躦£һֱ·Ͻľͽ֪Ϊλڣ

֪

ʵֻضֵġ

Ϊֻء֮ǰû˵

֪ǿķǺ踥˽л޹ǵ֣Ҳûӣֻء

ֻǷ

ʱ֮ǰûֻأ˾ˣɢؼ䡣ʱλʮǿʥ˱ȴȥǼϵʱʥ˵ѪͬһɵʥΪֻء
Ǿֻصϴ񣬽ػ൱ڻ˾ȥ

ֻ̫ǿˣձ˺Ťº󣬾˺ôյļз죬ײĺ䣬żһЩǽȥɽɽӾĵù

ҲΪžһʣλʱʥڻ𣿡

Ӧˡ
ֻȻ죬ǾһϴջǿĻҲסתھ̫Զˡ

˿
ֻǽʮֲֿһ¡

߳ɽӰ

ԶؾͷһīɫĳǳأǳڣǦɫնӳȾ΢΢ŤȻд

踥ת΢΢̾Ϣ̫ˣߴô

ͷȡͭߴϣȻŶԷܽޡݳһɫ˵ҲۣҲϰɡ

踥֣˶߲ۣ㿴ҵģ
˵ڵϣĨһͨŻһڵĲ£ֲ֪Ūһ˵ǲͷϣȻתͷٺЦ̬ǰ绪ģеӵĴ帾ɵɵġ

Ҳ¶Ц⡣

̧֣ûĨȵĵطĨЩ˳ȥǼմŵСʯ߰ɡ

ϲдĴƺδʡ
踥㶣𲽸ϡ




41.   41    ·


ɽ, Զĳǳɼʵ߹ȥȴ˼졣

۰޳ǡ

ǸģӴֵּĹǣ桰ˡܶ, 󲿷ֿ, ·, Ҷ, ߺн, Ҳˡ

ֻС֡ˡܰ, ͻĴ˲, ͷ, סͣĿĵڳȥ

ǲú侭ڵ΢, ġˡʱϿ

ʱȻڽпһλʶˡ
λŮޣλŮӢ, һؽ, ûκαװ
ŮȻҲ, ۾һ, 

һƧط
ɽŮʥŮ, ǹȻҲˣԷشк

踥Цѡ
˵αװʶǵ˵ûһҲû˼ϳǡ

˼濴ʥŮЦع֣ʥŮܲϵ, ඦ˼棬ʥŮ

ͭߵµ˫ۿ

λ˼˵ʵǳϤ
ΪඦĴʦ㡣ǰඦǰɴʦ˼š
¶Ұ֮ʱ, λʦԥվʦߣѳඦ֮λʦŴ׷ɱնɱڻҰ

ٳδ˵˼汣ŹֵƣЦ΢

˼ҪָԼԲʱ΢΢ף䵭Įá
ǰ˼̫ʥŮλʦ˵Ҳֻİ˰ˡ

˼һЦʮˬʵ˵ʥŮȪˮʹƵģĿΪ֮һ壬ϧҲ̫񹬣ûʥŮ˵

Ǹ̸ĻĽύˣʱѾ˳Żͷ˽ύˡ

û˵

˼Цݲ䡣
Ǹ㽻Եѵˣඦߣ˻ضѣȻǰζӣ˿Ϊ⣬ٽʱȴ踥ϡ
һˣ

˼濴踥ƵȼλҲڣſתתû뵽ǡ

踥ںδ

˼棺ҲѰǵͬţԼʱڶֽֽǴǼҿջ棬ӦѾȥǼҿջ˰ɡ
ˣ֪ŮʥŮкδ㣿˼˵ɫɽֵĻӦþˣҪ׷ȷϹ۰޳Ǵڶ࣬۰޳ȡ׷Ҫһ

踥ü롭

˼ЦŴһȷֵλãٸƾҵĻǣЩλΣ

踥裺أ

˵ͷ

踥УǾһɡ
.

˼ǰͷ·踥һһԵƺЩͬ

΢βͬ

踥°ͣҲ˵ֻǸоˡ˵ҡҡͷҶˡ

ͭµǳЦһ¡

踥ĺ񣬻˵λȷʵںԼ΢Сı仯ᱻ䲶׽

߽ջ

ɨһۣ˺ܶࡣ˽ˣйҵˣȫǰ˻óŵģҲмλ΢ĸ׳ΧƤκһţһֱеޡ

ûпˣƺ

˼ҲһȦûмˣʧʣпඦĵ𣿡

ҵСϷûм˵ӣܷ˵ӽĵطȽԶ

踥蹰֣΢ЦɽŮʥŮ

ƾǰڸΧ踥תĳʿԸãǰΪ衱ȥȤˣڿȽļ˻࣬Ŀбӣ΢Ц

踥ϡؿ´Ȧ

ƻŹֵƣȴ΢΢ˡ
ǰ踥ԵܣȴѸٻǽͷ⻹һô򽻵صĺӡ

΢΢ףû˵

ƻɵض迴Ҫʲô

ֱ踥ĺ״һ£ŰĻٶ˿ˡ

˾ˣҴк֮󣬿ʼΧ̸飬̸û䣬ջСȻˮģЦе˵ݹˣλ͹٣ܹǮ

Ǯ

ʲôǮ˼Ц˵СǲûеЩĲˮ

С͹٣ÿһĲˮģλǮͷ

˳Ĭ

Ȼҷȱʯʯ֪ǮʲôǮʲôˣ
ԭֻǴҿջһ˼ϰˡ

ƤüСҲ߯ļҲõ뿪ʱˣô˵ĵ

СЦݲ䣬Ұ׵ȴȻԵɭǿջһֱȸ˵ġ

ƺĶԶļˡ˹ڹ̨Աߴ˯ϰҲȻ̧ͷ
˸ޱ飬Щˡ϶Ųɫɷɭֲ

ͻȻѹס

λסĸӡ
˼Цݲ䣬ȴŵϣһֱʣʱº󱳵ؽ׼ս

ʿҲ׷׺󱳱ؿǣʱ׼ֵҲʱ׼뿪ơ

̵ķΧУ踥ص˵ӣشô˻˲ɣֻһ˰ˡ
СʳЩһĲˮ
𣿡

⼸仰һʱ

ϰջ߼ͷ˯С¶Цݣͷ˵еĿ͹٣ȥ

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΢㵡
ǽѾ踥С

Ϊѣǲ֪Ǯʲôһ˱ô죿

踥ǿ¥

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˾ˡ
¶ֱӵ飺ȷΪλѳӵǮ

踥øϻҲ͡
ӵ

ʼˣ

.
յ󣬷ƴͷɥվһԲ߳ջֶ䣬Ҫȥ㡰Ǯˡ

Ůû֤ݡ

ڿջ˼СΧյɽɽ۰ӣΪλ

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Īˡ
΢Цôĵ£оɾˣҲٿˣ΢΢

踥Цеؿһ̧ۣкССûϰһŤһŤԡ

踥ǮҪϰԼá

ϰЦһۣ⿪ӣͳһʴ棬ϸָסͷ˽ȥ˻ָ۾

˿üƤһƬµģǶĵģһˣ¶

ϰһ˫ĿЦӯӯɨһȦЦλס𣿡

踥Ϸô

ȻеģֻǮ͡ϰ΢ЦſǴ棬ð⡣

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.
ԼҿջϢһȰٵʱ׷Ѱɽӵľλá
ҲҪϢģҹϢ

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ջÿһˣϰСȫڣȫûֵĳֵҲտյ˷·ʧ٣塣

İ΢ЩǦɫĺƲ㻹ͷࡣ

̫ˣȻˣ˷ܡ

˼棺õʱǿʼɡ
˵ղ˻Ӧó׷׷ɫ͵ȼ𣬻Ϸ

ܡ

ûж
ջֵҲûгһӰ

ܶ˵ʱ˸
һ̣˲ԼͬȡԼ׷һɫоȼ𣬴ҶһۣȻԤ׵ֳ׷򱩳ջ

Сֻһ䡣
˭ҵֵĻ˭ܵõԱҪ֮ǰҵ

ʮʿ׷Ҹϣڿһ˵۰޳ǱһȻʹڣȫʩչΪʣӾǿ

ܶʿѡϣ׷ϷŲ

еӯܽʹеӣڿзܿٵشһһߵܡ

ǱܵĴ죬ҳֱߵĿ̯ӶǱʱķŪˡ

еʿһ߿񱼣һϰѺʿ赲סʿ׷Ϻִߴǰܡ

ǰһҺгദЦ̵ĳ·ûֹ

ٶĻ踥

ӯϨ׷ûǰ踥ҲͣסŲ׷˲ǰȳǽΡΧǽ

мλʿûз쳣ɳ׷ǰ壬ڶס󵶺ȻͷȲʱ򵱳ųʧԭء

΢΢üǰǡ

踥ӵ

ˣ·ѣµϢ˱ƲѺˡ

踥裬󱩳ȥ

ϵ˼Ҳ㱻Уʧɫش׷򣬿˳һۺ󣬸ŶһС

۰޳ǡ

ѹֲҵϢӭӿ
겻̫ܳʿŵûæܡ

һ޴Ļӳɳڿյ۰޳ѰŴˣһ䷿һ䷿ӵңʿ˳ʹų

ж˽ɳƺ

۰޳ˣ׷ѡʿǸԶڽ䣬ֱͨͨ

踥һǽվĿԡ

ⲻȻһֻ۳ڴ⣬踥һ紦ֻ۲Ѫ˿ͭôתת

˺һᣬûʲô쳣ɺ۲뿪

.
˻صջ

ʮ˳ȥֻʣʮ˹

ɫʮֲá

ȻⲻΪôͬȥ˹׶ǾߣԽζԽ٣Ȼڼмҡ 

֮ԲΪӵĻǾȻڳ档

дڶ࣬ǻڴУĳֻᱻų

Ǹνǳ

һؿջ࿴ۣûһ˼ԻصԼڡ

ڶգʿֶͼ־ʧܡһ࿴һۣ¶Цһ

˵˵ɣļ·ʧˡ

ȣҽͼαװͲ˵ķӣ˳ܵÿ죬Ѿųˡ

ƿЦαװͲ˵ķӣֱȥʳвˣȥĳ£С˻ȥҲСǳ˵ǲˡ

Χǽñͷĳǽߣףûȥˮߵӣĵð죬λһôǽˡ

¸ҪʱͻȻ洫ĵ

ڶ¥ٽֵż䣬ҲóţֱӴӿջ¥ֱ

ֻһȺѪɫ½ӣһ·ţǰȥһӱʮ֣ҷ׷߳ 

ǽ飬ûʲôϡġ 

˲ȤջߣϸղŵĻ⡣

ʱͲˮСҲ̽ͷһۣĽ˵ϣһȥġ

һ˽һݡ



˼˴˸ɫʼźۼ׻ǳȢף˼ôѾȢ˺üˣ

Сֽһ˦٣忩
˵ҡͷҪߡ

һŮסС߰˵˵ǲʮϲɫң˵ĳ᲻ῴҰ 

СЦǳŮӣϲӣ㳤òҲûϷ

Ҳһһؿʼ׻

ԭ۰޳ǵŮϲɫʮϲУϲõһУ˾ͻὫ˵ȥȻһ·͵

С˵·ƣȻˮޣĽλ͹ٳöüĿģȻǳϲǿúô»С

.


ϣ֧ą̃ϵѽϷʱӿԱߴȵŲ̊гһϷ

۰޳ǳ䳤û㽿ŨأɭɭĻǸܲסбŵսսʿİ

õ

гͨһ£ϽͷģΧŮҲŵսս³Ǩŭǡ

Žµг裬ָſҪ˺ʱſںȻܽСЦݵˣ·ɵˣ

ס֣Ŷơ

С֣

һµķͦţڵҲ£治ɫ˸񣺡

۾һɫʱͻò
ɫضС˵Ȼȥ͡

лˣ
СϲЦտˡ

ЦеضԷ֣ҵ·ɴսЩҺúơ

ƱܲԸ߽Ȼˡ

ǰֵŭЦϸ˿ƵģЦ˵ϧԲЩ촽ЩȻ͸ˡ

ˣ
иСЦݵ˵ˣСΪҵһλ·ɣ֤ϲ

ü۷ƺ˵𣬴ơ

ͷڻѵĽšȳϹеĽңѬգͶǷ£˿ȴΪɫ䣬Եʮֲýӽ 

˵ǿӲðɣһž͵˵ӣƫӲ˵һ䣬ֹ᳹ʮֳס

˻һûлشǶСȥͰɣҵͦá

Сϲϲ֮ϳ֣ЦòûҪԼ£

ˡ
δȽſִ

ǸûСЦĵػִһˣȻŮװ˼档
˼ĸüĿӢװѷɫ

Ӷд̼ЩܵضС˻֣ˣȥͰɡ

δС£һСϲ̵أˣСڽϿһλУ̾͸ˣ

˱һһ

иߴȴһӲ˵ģзȴһӲ˵ģȴһӲ˵ģŮȴһӲ˵ġ

ŮЩ廨ŵкɵתһȦ

Ůתʱ̣һȺ̳ű˴˼ü͡

ͲܹҲ̫ˣĲŹ֡

ôСˡ

Ҳüһ顣

ŰɣȻ͸ôһˣһųȥɡ

һȺмü۵ģƻ˸ɾɡ

ٿȻת

һﴵӵ۵Ѹٻָޱ飬ƵҪΪ併¡

ӹŮĲһڣƳһۣôճôӣǻʶ𣿡

ʮְ

ʶ
˻˿ˣڵǷơ  
һŵͬţŲұѪϴһͬ

ô˵һģ

ǣǿǰͷŵ˶ȥ˰ɡ

˿ڲ費

飡
⴫ֻĸСźֱӿ˽

ط²յ쬵˵˭ǰѽ̧ģ
һһشɺ촽³˵һʱ¶Ķ󣬺ָץҪĸСһֻֻ

ʱһֻ覵˺




42.   42    ϲô


˻߳

ֱصǰ, һɭɭˮݵһ¾ͽˡ

ͻȻСΪεô󽫽̧, ٳ, ޹޳, Ƕո߸ϵɱȻǲմġ

ɫĮ˪, ΢΢̧, ˫ɫͫ
ˡ

ɲǱ, ղɶƵؿʼۡ

ģĺгպյ۰޳ǳ, Ǹ۴ĻŮ

ʱûĵһз, Ҳˣ۶СǣԱߵĽȺݺݴº󱳣ͦͦŸֱס, 

Ҳе㱻
룬ʥŮװǾ, ûаŮ, Ϊඦλװ͹, û뵽иǷ켫ġ

ճյʣʲô֣

û˵

̧εСĵ˵¹ӡ

֣ݴȵ

ȴûһ, ɨڶࡰг衱
ȺһջС˵Ļе˵Ҫȥ͸, е˵Ҫȥ̽ϢȻȫ

˳ĿһŤͷг, ԭȻмµں޲ʧɲϲǣ͸ߣ

ȵɫʱˡ

裺ء

Ůɫ, ۾ҲתˣǸ߰ɣҲҪǣֻҪ㡭

΢΢üת䣺˵ء

Ϊĵ˿ŮҪ

ȻܳףûСϴҴˣҲòɵĻĪ
һ˵һ߲߽ߵǰʱ̧֣ɾͿҪʱȴһֵֻסˡ

ûɻǰҼҹӣ
һëٿȻм˳ޱض˵

⾪㤵ŵһƽԷ

ǰ˫Ѿ٣ޱȵŮˣ㵣˭ԭȱɫԣûֽﻹһˡ

踥ٺһЦǹӵŮ

ųֱӵŤͷȥٿһۣüһǴָ׸ôСǵƤ϶ǣƵġ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ

ɵĹӾȻиôŮ¹Ҳ̫ˡ

ɣΪ㻻Ů̴Ӱɣ

ĮܾŮСһ𳤴󣬸񣬺Ҷ򲻿ܸ

Сһ𳤴󣬸
ŮǸúÿģһбʲôŮӦֻǴ顭ֻһˣҸŪ

룬ȴصȻǾɵİɡ



λ۰޳ǳȫгĴڣһ˴ת£ݹϹϸϸǰ

Żشһ䣬ĬҲûмŴֵ̽Ϣ

ȡˮƸ̧ķǾû˺ҲûǳȥеĿЩֲȥˣʮֱ

Ƥһˣ¾ˡ

ʮ۵վҵĲǣ̴ȥ޵Ъ

΢һףų

ܲˣסѩ䣬ɬشͷˣԺҪҳˣͻɡ

Լӣûˣ·

ʧش֣Ҳûǿ

޵ſڣƿţڵûסʮָɾɿɰס¡

ؿһۡ
ΪλɫŮ޵ġ

踥Ů˰ס

裺ãͬס

ͬס

ζؿһۣҲİΣ

ǿЦһ¡
ȷʵһСѾŪɷء

Ǻðɣ㿴Ҷôˣһ¿㿴춼ܾôˡͰ͵΢΢ҡҡ壬εòС

Ϣˡ

ƺеĻŭţݡ
Ҿߡ

费
Ȼô͸Į

ΪԷܾ֮ʱ踩ѵˮĶͷһš

˸ףѩϢӭ

ɲͫ缦Լ׵ŲƮػľͷ۾ֱһһţû˵һ仰

顣
űϡ

ǡǡ
踥ڴϣȡһкңɫؿʼȭͷҡ

ꡣ
һš

ԡ
š

Ҳԣмɢڴˡ

裺ôˡ

踥Ӳ΢Цһһٵ˵ûôڸúء

˶٣ߵ߿Ϊ

ʲô

Щߡ

ռˣ 

Ůӣռˣ

ŮҲкŮӽΪµģôͲռˣԣһźұϡá

迴ߵӣĬ˼


ϲô

浱һﾪˣ踥ըˣô䲻˵ôµĻըëèԲ۾ͷֱˣϹ˵ʲôأ

ŶԷɫͫ
ǿЦʵģ

ֻΪ㲻ֵ뵽ȥˣǺ죬һһ˿źҡ

شűɽûκβոʳǾ仰ʱһƽˮ౩겻ѵ踥ֱˡ

ˡ
Ǹ

̣мĴ̣ΪһʰƬģڷٲк

踥Ǿ仰һ˲ŷӦվϣɡ

˵ץ죬һ
ҿƬʱȫڵϡ

ɾˡ

һ˯ɡ
ڻҰ˼˻δϢҲǻоƣġ

뱻±Ŀ󣬷踥վڴߣ۾˯𣿡

踥ͷִˣʲô˼Һһ˯

ڴϿ˫ڸǸ޵ơļɫĽĵù˫䣬ɻԷΪʲôôʡ
ֻһŴ

踥Ȼؿ죺мңȥ˯Ȼǳҹʹˡ
ҴҶһ䣬شĶӡ




43.   43    Ҷ˵ĴͶ


ա
һ򿪷, ӭͿһЦݲõ

ɣͼҸ߲ˣͷض˵۰޳ǳΪСǺ, ҲǸ罿Сˡ

΢΢һ٣ˡ

ɨһȦ, , ƺΪ, СѪɫƥѪɫյﾭ, ʮæµӡ
һС, СžƤ߹³ߴ, ֻ, û壬֮ˡ

ʦͿʼҶ˵Ҷ˵ĴͶպ㻶ϲЦӯӯص

Ĭ
۰޳ǳҪͬɻ, ǵг迴

Īǲˣ
Цݲ䡣

˼һץӦηӦƬ̺صǲ, ɷҳȥ

ɲǼ, 񱻶ᡣ

ЩСŵýԭ, һҶ
ԭЦ̵Цһȥ, ޱȿ£һ˲˲ض

ɭƾ, ͬ

ΪԷҪ֮ʱͻȻһЦʧӰ١
Էᴸһ, ôô˼ң˼˲ɻˣĲļ

ΧСˢˢ˸, Ƥһء
⻹ĺҪĳô˸Ƶġ

ҲЩܲˡ
ȣλŮƺЩ΢Ĳͬƺ׽ˡ

ңΪβɻҪļλŮǷʲô
ת֮ʱȥ֣ߣɣūҴȥš

ֲûǣ

踥ûز֪ð˳ޱѵӵڳɻǰúŮǣ֡

ЦҲǱŮӣɵδޡ

踥δɻͲԡ

΢΢ۡ
ҲͰˣԸŭһٵ赲
һֻǸССŮ
ԱŰ۰޳ǳ޷ͷɱ⡣עѪ˿ըѵ۵ܲɭɭɱҪ͸ΧСǶŵ÷׷׹ֱɱ踥ûоƵģֱ㶵صǡ

ɭɱУǰһԲҵСѾ߹ŰЩĪ⡣

ɱ⣬Ц۶ϵķ˿Լķ٣ʮԲԵ˵⣬ôأ
ǿȥŰɡ

αڣûȥǣֻ֣ǰ·

һյ

Աߣͷǰһ棬ĳĬ

û۰޳ǳνġšһ䶯棬ʴʲôɫʲôƶУʮʻлеһһ⣬۰޳ǳס˻ȥ

֧ã۾һգգؿ԰

ȻӲشͷš

֣ôԣ

վ踥ü֪Ƿʲôԣ踥ҪʱȻѽһЦɸ⣬ԲH

֪棬ǴӻﳤĶȻŶЩ˶ǵĻ弫кô

һɫ棺ɣιԣұֻ֤ҪԹͻᵽĺˡ

΢΢ü

ָŤ

Ƭ̣üչˣϽˣɲԾͲˡ泤ۻ࣬Ͳ˳ԣūҵĲǣ
˰ۻ֮ȥ

Сƨƨߵܹһ氵ʿˮСˡ

תɫҪͬҳɻ飿

ҲɫĿӯӯڼɵһ̣ūҵľˣѾ߲ᣬҲҵķ˵Żļͷȥ

ͷĴвԡ

̧ۣǸѾͷϣ

踥ƤЦⲻЦذԴһ˻ȥķض˵ӣãȥΧתתɣҲϤϤ¼ң

վĮʣҿڳתһת𣿡

ʵڰǹɰʣæȻԣūҵĸۡеΪ˱·ȴ·Σ

Ǿˡ

.
ܴ
ɭɭĽǦɫĻ£īɫľŨɫģ͸Źѹ֡

СͷҴҵߣæµ£æعʺá

תһȦͻȻפ㣬þõһ·ߵĴ

ǴһƥɫڵϺͳ밲ղԺ̧ͷһգգؿԼٽӲһŤͷضʱֵŴ͡

ơ
ĿҲơ
ŲҲת

ĺѾ͸ܵʮˣصҪ˺Ƭ屻ˣֱҡ־ˣ૲ңңۿϾֵᡣ

踥ͷЦȴ¶ǵ飬ʼϷӣôˣ

迴ǸŵûɢĴĵСú񡣡

踥Сô꣬Ļ

ҵСӣܲСţųøģ

ӣҲ˰˵С᲻һҲ˵踥תͷ

ϵ΢Цʣɣ֪ǵǺʱģʱǺģ

ʮǰԼ꣬ѩɰ

߹ȥһֻҸпģС

Ǵߵһ󷭣ͷ־Ĺ⣬ȻսսķػصسˣСҲǸ̫ˣˡˡ

תЦɣҿͯҲҸУԼȥͶ̥˰ɣҪ˰ң

费

踥вУӣ˵öԣСӦȥͶ̥ˡС壬硭һСͯɣ

վƬ̧̣أ

⻹һĻŭţոͯӻףҪͯӾ˵ҶΪҸģ

̫鷳⸮һɡ

Ȼԣ˰Сͯģ˶ǰĸСڴӦ

踥һۡ

鷢չñĸ˳




44.   44    Ϸǰˡ


տںڵĵ, żʮͯ

踺ǻһһϸǵģ
ɽɽ˿ֵĻȻ⼸ʮͯоҲһֵġ

ڳλ, ǺЦ, Ŀճյƶ, ˶С

踥ӱɫ, Ȼɫ, ˵, ⿴ûһ, СȲԶˡ

һԵĴ
кӶ𣿡 

ûлش, ̧ͷλϵüͷһǳ㻰أûаѸекͯ

սսطףشˣˣûһ©

ֺõ˵, 㿴ĺӶˣҪǲЩĻ, ˰۰޳ǵĺͯ, , ȥǳѰ, һҵɳĺġ  

裺ˡ
ֿ϶ڳУ׷򲻻ƭ, ѰҸĺͯ塣

ɫ΢΢һ䣬ĿתͶǰĺͯʱѱɱɭȻޱ飺Щûõļһ, һ⣬ɲˣкãȫɱˣ  

裺αˡ

еĲͬ, ˶٣ӳվü΢ίǲū׶ˣ 

赭ڣˡ

ˣ߬סԼ½ǣ޺޵㶨ģ֪ӽ԰˳Ůӣɡ촽ϣԹ䲻ͣð

迴ȴ

ڵĺͯȫû֣ôֿܡһֵ֣֪Ĵڣ⽫ڶֳ֣֪ĳδ֪ԭεڳڵؽ䡣

֪⿴۽۰޳ǳһأ

.
踥۰޳ǳѰʱơ˼Ҳж

ǲһӣСǿǲó裬˸Ժס£ȻŲˣ

һѹסļ꣬߳Լʪס

Ѿˣ˵ֻһ֮ң˭пҵ֡ 
ҹҹߵӦգջ˯ʱ˶ȥѰˡ˼ˮȼ˵ڻδпҵֵټ

ʥŮ۰޳ǳϲĿʼѰ֡ӿٶˡ

ǽҵ̫ϳֻʣ°ǳҪС
ûõСǽҳӵǣ峤ˣǳʧ

Ҫҵ֡

ȿŲԶɨС΢ðһԡ

ǰЦݣ

СδţŴɨɨء

ǰ

СӦɵָָԼӣҰû˻ǰء

ĶŵЦǻǰǰ£֪⸮п

С´һ£Цɾʶˡ

Ŷ۾һ

Ҵ⸮жˣЩˣЩϡͿֻ

ǰ˵

С˫۸ڴɨϣһֻĳϵ˵࣬۾ɵسһ˵϶˵ģ˵ôװ׸ô

ȿһһ֣ʱˣҶҶ˵ЦǺǵͳУ£֡
ǰڳ⡰١һЩ棬̽Ϣ̽ˡ

Сһ£üЦ⸮ֻһġ

ȵĶʱᵽɤС

СЦе֣ҵǲǽ

ȫѹ
˲伤ͷƤը˿

ס飬ǿάס鲻䣺֪ǰָָ·

С̯̯֡
Ⱥϵָ档

ˣɡ

ȴеճȭСߣ˭뵽˺ˣһ춼û˸Сҵˣ

ǰ·Сߵüһ߻һ߸·˴кȺ޲ðܣ˺üΣٴסòĽŲǰߡ

ǰ·ˣҵ֮¶ٸǰ档

Сͷ¶̰ضǰˣ治ȸҡ

ָ棬ֵʣµĻǵҵ˺ٴлǰ

ߡСȷʵóˣݺݰһۣǰߡ

˾һƬʱͻȻоԼ°ڱʲôסˣͷȥȴʲôҲûС

üûȥ̽Ųδͣ

ͻȻоԼĽױһ£

һͬСɡ

ëȻصͷȥȴֽ״ûֻЩӲݺ

ôˣСͷ

Цûʲô·ɡʲô쳣ҵҪҵֺһж޹ˡ

Сƺ񣬼ӿŲ

ȸͨµ̨ףȻȳصͭǰɻͷ

Сַ˸ۣͷŽȥͷأ˾֪ˣ

ȿǰڶĶѨɵ˽ȥ

飡
߽ȥȳͭȻأСȴһŤ˳ȥ

ˣ
˲ԼϵˣתȥţȴִųؽգƲ

һּΪȻľ͡

Ťͷ۾΢Ӧ˺ڰڵĵ¶ѨУӰӰ´µźܶˣǽӲںڰУһ

һɺӽŵ״

ҲǵȭͷûνȥȸƲͭţŲһһЩŵȥ
ߵ󣬽ȲŷЩӰˣһ߾ߺ˵ȸߵٸһ߳úһģһ

.

ưܵԺƺ͹ΡԶü

Ρɽĵ˴ɽˣնΪΡͦˣΪùյĹϵòᡣ

Ʒӡ

Ǹֵûͷķǣȣ˼ƺȫʧˣԺﾹֻʣ͹Ρˡ

˵ǲųȥˣ

ʲô»ʹΡɫ

һҵֵĻǣ뿪򡣡

룺Ҿò̫ܣҵֵĻǣֻʧһˣڳ֮ȫûӰˣ

Ρôڶ֡ 

Σա
Σգ

Ŀԣͬ

ɫصԺ⣬Ժ⣬СǽæŲøۡΪĴ׼ϽԴϲõЦݡ

ټĳ޺ƽʵȴһͷڰľޣŽȫ븹С

죬ƵȥʥŮǰɡ


ΡҡͷʥŮλƤӵ£óȻȥǣǳ  

ǻ

ڳǶ˭Ҫɡ

ǹŵ롭

Ρһһٳֱ׷򣡡

ü
׷ޱȣ׷һл嶼ᱻʱڲǴСᷢǲԣǸʵǿĳ
ǲܣɶֻᱻųȥ

δɣΡҲҪСʱɨ·ץʱҵ֣ߡ

û뵽һڱͷ˾ԸԼ񣡲תһ룬ԷɽˣȷʵôҪС

ǾͶлˡƼع־Ϲ

ΡұΪɽѰӶģֻҪСҵ˭񶼲Ҫ
˵ղ˶˵ھͿʼɡ

Σȫźʱٶκη򱩳ȥ

Ρ׼𣿡

֣صͷ

Ρȡ׷˽ŵע£оˣ谵ԺУɫȼ𣬽ŻȻ£ֱֱָصף

ͫɲ⣬©һġ

ôڵ£

ôܣ

δжͻȻоʲôסˣһܶƱŵۿ׷ƣΡһ׷һֻסơ

ͬʱ׷ϲ̵Ļʼķƶ汻üϸ 

Ρͷ亹ԭط·ѵתӣͷʾ⣺Σգʹųȥȱˣ

Ʊ۾ͼ

УҲסòˣΡҲܿ췢òԽԽ֣ںڵĻ£ֻʣɫ׷ȼա

.

踥ҲһĪչ

ͣͣ˭ֵİ˿ϢͻȻ˸Ӧʲô⿴ȥ

裺׷򡣡

踥ߡ

߳⣬ŵļǵÿ춼š

׷ȼķ򣺡Ǳƺжʲô𣿡

СҲ֪ҪôСĴȥ  

á
Ȼ֪Ǹעһ׷ûҵ֣˳ƴӦ

˸ߡ

Цеǰ·Ȼ;Ҹ֧踥踥ϲԣȴԽ衣

ǰ˴ƬƬµļɽ

Ƶɽ֮

ɽֵ֮ĲΪĳµĵطһ¶ȪɴƮ翵Уһڷʪ˱ˮУļ¶⣬ˮ˳żػ䡣

⧲˳ԡģԭء

ҪתʱԱߵ踥סٰۣͷŤ˸һѽ뿪

һһǳɣ⧲ȪﻹδڳƵɵˡ

踥˸ӭ汻һŴס

踥֣ʾ⽫£ɱԡأǸˣǲ֪ڴԡ˵أˡ

ɣת㶼ūҡ


гˮ 
ǳƺȪһ

üˣϣˡһ  

˵ק踥󣬶ǰ·ĴϺȣÿ
簨˪ѩвð֮У˿΢΢ŭϯͷ

Ƚ϶Իǳ£ǻû

˫ӵűɴվڵϣذ׵ıӰ˻֡Щǲÿȥ  

ص

踥ɫҪˮ

ϣ˫Ŀ΢ء

ŻȽλƺԽ಻סˡֵٵڻûͷô죬һʱûͷ

ϷǰˡԴĮ

ۡ

踥һᶨסл壬׷ֱҵ֣Ȼ񡣡

˶٣˵סڵл壿

ûڱų֮ǰסл塣

ǸǳҸЧķͬ⡣Ϊ֮⣬ŵʿ踥չֳ̫ǿܻΪ鷳
˵С

踥ЦˣҪڣͻȻʲô̧ʾǽǵ¹ȥ  




45.   45    Ұɣ



ڳľ¹񱻻Ȼ򿪡

澹һعСккɪ¹, һ˫۽ŵضĴǣŲ԰׵쳣Ϥ  

踥һۣ˴е𾪡

֣ 

ôҶҲ, ȻͲеĹ

ꡭ
Скڹ, ָʾ˲Ҫ˵, Ӻµض, ͬһֻ֮

𾪹, ע⵽־ֻǵ͸Ӱ, Ҫɢһ, ɫҲҰ׵ò

, 뿪̴ߡ

һ˫ڰ׷תȻҡҡͷ, Сؿڣҡߡ

ȥδ

ûлشӰѾ¹ײ, ʧ˻, ðһֻСĽס

裺ΪǵӰ

踥üĻǲȫ, ߰, Ǵȥһǡ

ͷ

߳ӡ

ŵĴЦǺʣȥİ  

踥ʱСѾߣƵ͵ǴȥĻҪɣǶԴ˻ǶԴδķǾȥͷһȦ, ͻˣ

ڨڨ

˹뿪Ժӣֵָǰߡ

·Сģʱ·ߴϸ, ָһ·Ȼûʱǽϳ, ָ˸ٴʧСΡ

һƧĽ䡣

费Ŀͨµʯףʯźɫ̦޺ͷͭĴŽգǴķ֮ء 

踥ſ棿

ûشӵصðָָȴţȻͷ

˲ʯףȴȴ쳣أȻôƲĿ΢
ͷйŹ֣һ֮أʵš

ɡ

踥ڴϣֱ΢΢һֱ俪
¡¡

һͬСɣͬѨʯѿŤ·ɫ̦޺ѣͭŶʯм䡣

Ŷʪĳζ

âӿڰ

ģ¶Ҳʮ¶Ѩڵģǲϡܿܶܰŵζ

澹ȫٸʽٸëȻ

ֵӰٴγ֡

裺һ𣿡

ҡͷ

裺Ҫʲô

ָЩٸƺ̫˵齹ɳƵ˵ȡȡ

踥ܵʲôɫ΢΢һ䣬ٱʣһģ  

ģʹֵ࣬˵ǡ顭 

ʲô
ȻһЦ

˻ͷվڴӵɴᣬ޷ϵı顣Բʲôʱģվ˶á

Ҫǻɱ˿Ѿŵˣ費裬ɽû˿Ҳ飬ӰеùеĵĮɤʣʲôط

ǰһӱ⴦߽ϴŽĵЦ

÷ĵطҲˣЩٸˣ¾ɵĵطɲ°˴ġūһ½ǵƻδ˼Ҳ

˰

һȺŲ

ɺѾߴȥ巿

Ƭ̣ջǺ踥һŴ뿪⴦¶Ѩ

.

ڰĵ¶ѨУ޴ϡ

沿ӱۺݺݱ޴һ߾ٸٸǳĬվţžƤϳһɫ޺ۡ

ɽɽ
䵽ˣȻ˾ͱ뿪ԶԶĥɣ

Ťķ

Ҫ޾ͺǱɽɣ





ɫֲֿ޴ǰٸÿ˵һκ޾һޣ޾ĺ⡣޴˺һᣬۿٴٸҪѿϧһֻδ˱ӡ

ûзйûϵ

¡¡Ѩͷѿһڰѷ죬̨״ӽࡣ

ԭص׶Ѩ»ǬһλڸĵΣѺŵĶǱ°ܳһʱʧġС

Щнһ£ģңǱڵϣʱŲžˡ

̫ˣ᲻ҵɣֻ˳ˡ촽΢Ц˵

ҽ಻̶š

˺ܾãպ߳Ρ¹ϽЦݣһ߾ٸ뿪¶Ѩ

.
ڿϣ˫Ŀ΢أɫ 

Դڵ¶ѨʧҲûгֹһټͷ
־ΪʲôȥǴ¶Ѩ¶ѨеЩٸʲôԭҲö֪

踥̽Ϣȫʧˡ  

Ƥһ˫ۡ

һõԤȻͷ 

ʦô춼û֣Ϊص̫ԶǳˡȻʦֵʵôöûӰ

裺ǱȥһǸ¶Ѩ

Ҳ˲ݷ̽һǵټ˵СҲʦֵİΣҪǸصĵ¶ѨΨһҪȥ￴

ûǱȥһ踥΢ЦؿղŻ·ͻȻ뵽ǿһɱ

ʲô

𡣡

΢΢ü
岻Թ

踥㲻ԡ

˲ͬѾںʶ֮Сһ԰ɡģԢڸüм䣬ü˽˫ң¥Ѩ

˫Ŀٴε

ģڵȶȿʼһ

µľοͻȻܰɫУԵĲ輸ҲȼҲʼŤð̡

Աһѩ׵Ļ֣ȴҲܲôߵ¶ȣȻȼ

ſڵĴæ

ô£

ʲô

ʵ踥ԸٺǷϻֱݡ

Ҫȥģ

ΧĴСǵ˵һ䣺ͺ踥һ첽¶Ѩķȥ

УûгķԸߣ׷ȥ

һ죬ǿʱʱʴѩٳɻҽڲҽлɢ

˺˺󣡡
ڹ壬˭ˡ

ǳǳʴѩħ֮ȼƬ߲棬ٶһ·ͨ¶Ѩ

Щ˸ߵٸںڰ

һ߾ϸؿȻмٸʹ˴ͬеһģһڰͷٸ

첽ٸѰţü΢нꡣһٸǰסٸ˵һģһġ  
һɺԼðָýӲ

ʦֹȻˣ

ȴ֪ٸʦкι

ʱԱߵǾٸ۾ͻȻһκɫҺ壬ٸģǸˮ

ٸᡣ

踥ü˼Ǵ˵еٸǵĻǻ棬ٸԡ

ԥһƴǾˮģٸϡ

ꡣ
ٸؿѿһ϶ԴԴĺˮ˳ڵʿͬʱٸϵƬƬž䡣

ΧƤĴͷˮʪ˵һغˮС

ȿȿȡ
ˮǱſںˮпԣˮСڻͻս±˺첲˺Ҳûһۣˡ

Щٸںڰָͷܶƫƫʶѵģûһ̲ѵģ˯˯ȥٸԲ۾

£û˷ԶԶȥ

ˮû£һģٸؿڡ꣬ٸѳһ϶

һ̣ٸһء

ɫ԰׵Լ˳סؿڷ̵ĿʪĺڷѻճǴδйǱ
һֱӰͻȻӵð԰׵СǼϲã˵°ڡ


ԵúǸˡ

ֱ˳й¶˴ݣץС

Ȼƫͣ׿˫֮ϲûĥйߣǽ˼ա

˴̽־ڳͰڸУίߡ
Ѱҵ̶֣ʮδ˵¿˵漣ڿƾľץסеһ˿ᣬƭĹǵ飬뿪
Ȼͷ˱ץסҲò¶ϧɹһ֮ң

ž
ԽԽٸơ

ٸеʿһǱس֡

˼Ǻܿ쿴߬½ǵ֣۾һϲѣ֣Ѿǧûҵ־Ȼ

վֱ˵ֵĻǲĻǱն룬ֻһǣһ۰޳ǳС۰޳ǳĲһŹǵ飬ʣµǰǾͲǿŹǵ

ۻĵطˣЬӶŪء
һĵȻӺڰ

Ȼһתͷȥ

ֻһѪϲӺڰױޣٷͷŶ־¡

˵չ˫ۣѪɫ۴£΢΢ͷ齿棺ɣҵϲÿϵķ˻ƿѡģôϲ𣿡

󻹸һϲĴ

ϲҲƳˣһȥ԰ɡЦġ

ٴС
Թͷ˭Сʵ̬۰޳ǳ

䵭ؿ˵˺󡣡˺˺ʴѩȫ¶Ѩڵ¶Ȼ

Ļ档 
۴ǰһ˿촽Ц૵˵㡭  

Ļϯ

Ұɣ 




46.   46    


ʥŮס
˼ȻԼŵؽ衣

סؽ, ɫؽ˳Ÿ첲һѩ׻档Ŀһɱȥ

Ųת˱ܿɻ󣺡ʥŮΪʲôʥŮ

費Բ, , ὣĲȥ, , ܿһ

ѩؽ俳Ϊ, ѩ׽ƺڰ, ޾ȶͷ­ٴβܹ
ȴưһֻһ, һת, ѩںڰ»ֱ΢գؽڿлһĽǶȣؿڡ

ǿԱܹ, ȴԷɱȴѩɫ˻ۣǽʹؿڡ

ֻһ, ձס

ѩ˳ؽ, ϸ۵ֱս



˼С˵ӵ, ⺢ӸҰ, Ҵ뿪  

ڿս΢΢һ, ̶Ŀת˼档
˼ε͸ֻһ䣬׸ղʥŮ˼治Сѿڶ, ǹΪ֮
ŮݣԼƭ̶ӷع, עеϣٳҴֵĻ뿪һ

˼ǣǻ֮ġ

εȲ

崺ķ˵ɫĿֱֱ˼۵ס

ŭ˷ŭ£˼ͷش˴ֱۣܿ׳Сվ̫񹬵ʥŮǿѵ̫񹬵𣿡

Աߵ踥ˣÿ˵Ŀ⵭˼һּۣרĿս

˼û踥һۣ˲ΪнʣǰڳûΨһܵõСĻᣬȴһǻȥ

ҧҧ˼濴˵Ŀӹһ˿ɫһݡ

Բס˵ӣʦҵģ

һ̣˼Ȼһƽ𿪣ֶ֣߬ģŵȴų

˶ŪɵˣķƷ˹ȥץֵֻ֣ǵӰץģǷžشƻˤڵϡ

עӵ˼ֲûʧ

ͻȻһ˿Ρ 

˼𾪵ۣаһŹ
ô£Ϊʲôû뿪Ϊûų

Ǳᣬؽ裬ĵɣҪ˺𣿡
ǵϲúˣգúݵİ

費Ը˵ϻؽɱ

ͻȻɭɭЦˣĿݶҲǶǸˣĸ˶ȥɣ

  

踥ʼ޷ƾԼǵˣŶ˵ⷽռ䱻۰޳ˣҲ޷ųȥΪ֮ƣΨкɱ۰޳عǵ飡

Ŀã׷¶ϲɫ

ΡЦܾˣ

ϰ

ɱ

˺ɱ۰޳

һЦٿȻ󣬾޴ĶɲǶƶѨѨ̮ҿмʯк˲㱻ڶѨ£ҺãԽΧʯ鶼ȥ

վھ޴ĿӶ̧ͷʱ۰޳һصĶˣӴƲ㶼ڷ̾ᡣ
УεХĻǡ

ͬ磬ڷۣ۰޳ǡֹ۰޳ǣԶҲڳ˺

̫ʢ˷Լ֫ƣʴѩĻ涼ʼƮҡ

£ɱң쿪޴ĶŵСϵʿǷŭ

޾ǳǳ

ͬʱ޴Ķ̧źݺݲ̤

ΡѴ𣺡㣬һͬ跨󣡣

ڳʿûбģ֪Ƶ£ܿһţ䵥Ҳᱻ޾ĴС˺ɷ顣
ʿûжܣǱűþȫһâķ

䣡
̤£ضɽҡ

ССķѵסһš

Хɷ磬棬кԼƤƷһƬڣĩհľ

ҸоԼ֫ԽԽ䣬ɫҲʼҡ 

ֵܵסʴ֧ҲУû溣ХԽ˺Ƭ

ô죿Ǹô뿪˻ˡ

СãֵΪ˶ɾǻɢֻصĻᶼûУ

غڰңХΨǳССΨһ⣬вһҡҷţӭǧļХ

ͷǣЦ̧ٴκݺݲ̤

踥ۣɱˣ뿪򡣡

Ҳ뿪ǼʹҲûȥʿˣоԼҪˡ

踥һ취
Ӧǻص

˴ϲǾͰŮˣ

Ů쿪ʼɣ

踥ûж˵ϻۣ촽š

ʵʼ죬ƮƮ죬أԶƽڶϣľûƬռ䣬Ҫóһͨĵ·  

踥ͨ͵԰ΧαװҲ֮ʧˡ

ڰ˻صķɽŮiף绪ɱȣʱԭȵǶȻһܴ̼ŭɣǲǾΪҪ뿪ңƭң!

øʱҪѷ˺ͷһҲʼĬġ

ĻһӵڶΧƱ踥ܡ

˻ʥ٣ң峺ָкʹŻסܵ踥Լ˼档  

ʿ״Ҳ׷׸չͨԼ

ذɳʯڳҪ㵹ͨ쳹صĶȻһ䣬ֻģ  

һϮɫµӻ谵вɢķ٣ĳѪɫƮټϺˮ˫ĿԵֶˡ

Ⱥе֣ȻչһЦ

һЦŵһøˣҲŵһᵽߣ֪̬Ҫʲôֲ

ȴûйǣŷʼ߿ࣺǹɽŵġ

ģ޾Թ

ǧǰǵɽһɾ£⣬һͬȥѩɽϿճҲһ޻šΪϧȥ߻ò顣

ȻóԹͺ⣬ɵǧѰҵ߻òȥʱȴѺһ˽Ϊ£

ҴӼƽûоϲһؿң󾹺ýɱң
˵ᣬСͷһºҵĳϧ

ɽɽңɱңԣҪǡǵɽΪԼѪ׽ͽأҲǲںǵˣǶǱˡ

ʱ˶ɽŭĿӡ

ǵΪŮǲţٸĥ޴򣬿ڿɽԭˣ

ɽǺôĵԣ˴ǹƭǽģ
ؿɽһͬˡ

һλʿҲ̵Ѱ˻ɫʿƭɽһ֦ˣô㣬ô㰡

ǱĿɶǲɽĴź͹ңƭǵڻңȥɽ͵ӭӸŭɣ

콵һڴλɽ˾ԩˡ  

ĹΡǵɽֻһǧ꣬ǧǰһ飿

˼ֻһǧꣿü

һܲˣɽմӣŭ踾ںʲôɽʦʦʲô˼

Ρȴ˵ˡ  

Ϊ֪˼˼һɽɽɽ̫ϳϣҲɽ׸

ز˹Ρʣô£˼һʶ

Ρֻҧ˵ʵ˼̫ϳϵ䡣

Ϊǵ̫ϳŭ̫ϳƷأǳֱӣ볤ϷҲ÷еľ֮ˣ

ЦЦ̶ʲôӣǸαӣ

Ǽĥһ

ɽŭ踾Ҳȥֻأ

죡Х֣һֻɹɳɵĴȻӺڰ̽צƷ󣬽ǵץ˳ȥȻ£һӲ֮÷顣

ɢ

ǵķι̰˶ʱŵð

Ц׽СƵһһ׽ˣʵǿģʣģûɢ

ʱƣԽԽʢҲԽԽǿ֮ǰ֮ԸǷϻʱ䣬
ʿﰵпࡣ

Ҳ֪۰޳ӵ˼ҲҪʱ䡣

Ů찡
Ҵн

ѪɫҲҵؿ踥ңղǸҲˣֲֿ

踥˼ĵ¡

ΪһŮôɣҲҪΪ뿪Щ˶

ɫԽ⻯ֺݺץ踥
ȻִâʱȴȻɢ


ֲҽС

ԽԽƴڹɫţסܵˣ˶ܵ˼档

˼ˣԲ۾ŮҰŮ

һͬҵĻ

֪޷ȥˣ߶ȫŨµ۳ɴ֣ɲǴ͸ԣ֡

ֵĲ𣺡Ҫ뿪Ҿɱ

˵Ѿð͸ֻֻš

ʱԤ׵ӳ󣬶һƣж֣һƶ˵ͬСɣ˿ѪƲ֡

ץסϵĹǵ顣

죬趥ʴسʱŹǵϸѣͬǵҲһͬء

翵ľıúƵڲͣûƬռ䣬˺ԽԽǿ

󺰣ɣҲҪ𣿣

費˵ֵ֣߬ȫֵʴ

ң˹

رۡ

踥˫ۣһǣһĵ˾ڲıɽ˿

䡣

貣ں俪

ʧԭء

踥ʧǰһ˫һۿŮɢԵָĶĵȥ

ѻ

ɲǣͫ˿Ǳʶʱ·ͣ͡
ѻڻ˵˺ӽн񱻱˺ƴӡǲļХ񱩡

û踥壬ջ谵ֻʣָⴥüĵۣҲʴʧ

˼汻ɷĩ




47.   47    ѩâ


ɽϥʿһλ 

ʿ˫, ߱ӯڻдôãʿǶػĸо  

Ҳ 

ͷ뿪󣬶ֻ, 걩¶籩, 걻ơ, ɫ, ־Ҳʮֻ, оڱ, ǹ˻˻, Աߵȥ

ûˤ, һֻס

踥˼ż豻һͿ踥ࡣ踥ס֡

סֵɲǣ·ҫ, ӵʶƵ  

ϵĻɢࡣ

л


踥ûſ֣Ϊ, һ㡣

β㱾Ҫ, ˵ԼЩкúö, 粽, û˴˼ڿЩģ, ôˣ  

ҡͷ¡

δ˵꣬Χ̶㵵Ĵضϡ 

ʦ֣ʦôˣ  

Ѱô£ΪʲôϾˣ 

üʿĻ, ˴ɽɽĵմҲˡ

ɽ޴ķŵصϥԼͽܱñ壺֮Ӣ  

ඦȫΧ˼Աߡ

ʦ㣬ʦ㣡  
һ̽, ϢϾ

⾿ô£ඦĵǱʹѡ  

ʦΪô˶ųˣǴʦûӵ£˭ɱ˴ʦ㰡

˿˼ʬ̾˿ʲôҲû˵ô﷨ʬ

һͬʿ֪踥˼Ҹ踥ڣζҪûҷ˵Ӷû˵ʲôҲͶû˵˼

п޺
ҶܲͬŵѶ

ɽ˾޴룬˴εӦ̫ΣգʵΣһͳˣôĻô˻

ɽѡ  

վۣüĿؿڣйеһЩ£ɽҪһ 
ǿӲȻⷬǶɽͰ޴ķ˵ģҲ˿

û
ƽŸϡ

г̲ûջ񣬷֣ܾˡ

иɽгǾΪ˲أ˴зɽŮĶǲͻɢˣɽһ

ˮۻ룺ɽ

ҴʿҲ׷׷ŭ̫գɢ˵ܱǸٸУԶóǺεȿµ³붼ë 

ʲô
ɽҲ˲ϳڰͽȥıˣѯʴ˴ҴĹΡ⾿ô£

Ρɫѿһһʮذ齲

ɽ֪ˣŪãɽڶ೬ŭæȥԼɽչصĸס

ϼ¡
гһΡ·ˣʱüɽ̫ϳϣ޲ʳƤ˼

˼ûнͣ˵һ˵ȫͬĹ¡

˵İ汾һɽżȻϵģӴ˾ͱסðѣƺá
ʱѾ֮ˣҥȻŭɶθԼ⣬ǼԼϲģһҪΪȥ߲ʻ֤Լ⡣

뿪˼ͺԼ÷ɻ飬ʽΪ£û뵽Ǹð߲ʻΪθҪȥɱĵ¡

޿֮£һɱ

һ汾Ĺ˼޹˸ĪķӣɱҲǾȡɽϴޱסζţȺּ

踥գգۣ֪ǰѻ

ͷ

踥˭˵ģ

ֱǸ۰޳˵ģȻԹǧ꣬ǵ۰޳

踥һЦ´ˣ

辪ȡ

踥п꣺ϾкܶĪˣҲкܶΥֱ£ֱ߼һǶԵģǼһǸӡ 

ȵ޷˼ֵͣԽϴˣˡ޷Ľͣ˵Ǹ۰޳ǸӻķŮˣĪǧ꣬˵𣿡

ǰ˵ǰѹժɾ

˼ս˫ȭ򴽲һλǧϾǿ߱ɫࡣ
λȲžͰˣҲмٽͣȥǵĳɽɣ˼Ըⱻѻ֤ɽף

˵һۣʧԭء

رðʿѻ£еĹ޷أɽ̫ϳô˵޹д㣿

ɽȥ

ذѩ£翳ͨ·ɢһʿԾÿҾš

ߵɽΡķǰ֡ 

žУһŻөƮ˳ֵĻǡ뿪󣬻Ǿͱɹˣ޷ӵʵ塣

ڷ˵һŹâʵ̫Сˣөһ㡣

ɽЦ

ȻѰҵӵĻǣͽȴøɢĽ֣ҵľ棬ΪŴ鷳ˡ 

ļͷһϼ׹䣬ɽ˳֣ſ˫ۼرסŻǣӨˮһε䣺ҵֶ
ȻҲԸҵľ棬ȴڡ

ֶһУûоȳԶǸĥҾȳˡ

ͷɽ䣺ɣԼС  

ɽǵȻǵȻ

ɽҲ֡

һڹеƮ䣬С꾧Ө͸һɵСΧûڻʧķӯأƢ  

һС

ϢСĿж¶

ס֮׵СȻ֮յ﷨С

ȵȻźСҲķڷ

ͷð뿪۰޳ֲ֣ܻΪ˶֣걩¶֮£ʴأŻɫ 
걻ƣƺǼġ

.
ɽķ粨δƽϢ
ĶǱ޴ʿ򲻿װݣɽǵڵѡ

Щ޹ˣ֦õС󼴿̶̫񹬡

»صϵķβ㣬̷ء



βһԾСɰĻɫСٿȻСͣض״ĸؼ

踥˵˸

βչ˳ľ޴һȣûзգĳȥ  
վǴɽ̴ǱŵòУβ̫ˣɹӾͺĻײƵģ׷ֵ̧ȻſռһǾ޴ޱȵĺȻǰʧ

β㴩ա

ǧĸ߿УɫķβںƵƲг찿裬ʱʱʱӿɳΣɧ  

ڻʩչٴһκǧٶȿ쵽¡  

Ŷ𡪡
βһ

ҲNɪôʿȥˣֻʥŮ񣬵õҪС˾ţ

Ҷô죬ܻ̫ʳˣɽĳʦǣǰ

޴ſβ㷢һĴ󺰣

ʱ䶸

һֻյĴȻƲ߿г֣޾һץסβԴվڷβͷҲһͬץס

ʵ̫ͷβ޷ߣֻɫץҪʱ

ĶͷȻųѩĽââһؼžΨʣããѩסٻָɫʱֻɫ־ѱչᴩĳѪܵĴ󶴡βûŤѡ

Ѫɫնȥ

һ̣˵һŤ

һѩµĳڷβļϣɫʧķĿ¶ı䡣
ѩâնǴգ˳ɫʧķ׷˹ȥ




48.   48    ͽ뽫͸


Ƭ̺, ǹմѪüۼ仹δʵɱ⡣, ɱ

ʦ𡣡
һʦ΢, ıɽ˵Ǻټġ  

ΪǺ, غ, Ǹڵϼһ, Ϊʦ¡

ӿů, ׵лʦ𡣡Ǻ, Ƕʦ̫м

Ǽ輡Ż, üûж˵ڿѿһ޴շ϶  
βоշ϶дһǿ, 㱻˽ȥ

ҰһƬѩס

գ֮ǻص˴̫ѩ

ǻѯʲô, Ϊ

ʽݹһʦ, Źش𣺡ӵմ̫, ʶˡ 

ǣϥ붨, ϡ

ǡ

ϥ¡

ܿһͷƯâѩ, Ȼȴд˿˿ƵĻ⡣  

üͷ

꾹ȻƵء

ҪΣȻԼȥԷвƵƾ, ʮֲס

һʱĬ

˰죬ֽ̧갴ڡ

˫ۡ

Ρɽ͵ķ촽΢, ּαϣü΢΢

ͻȻǵâʦֻץסӵʱеĽâӵӵĶĴŷֻ֣ʦǰӶͷǵѩɫ𣿡

΢΢ס

һ൱ڵȫһ֮ǰ֮Բ˵Դ˲ʿΣʱᱬѰǱ˵Ƕ
Ϊƾʧȥֻᡣ

ΪʦֵԼͽ̫ǿĶ֣;䣬Ծâ

һӾʦĿģĽë 

Ƭ̧̣˫֣йâһʹΣǾӨ͸֮С

ʦͽ뽫͸

С񻺻Ʈȥ

ͷųǣϣʦ֮ܽ¡ûʲôܱʦģҲʦõĵҩھֻСǿԵ

ǿԼͽ

˫Ư۾дžֿ  

þóĬ;ò׵Ļ͸òˡ  

ˡ  

裺ʦ𣿡

һСַɻУ֪ж

һҡҡͷ

ЦЦԼǧ꣬Ϊʦ߰ٶʮ꣬˵Ҫ٣ΪʦˣԼ°ɡ

裺ҲҪϣʦ¡

ǾţҪʱڷá

дᣬʦ𣬿԰С𣿡

.

С˴̫ѩ

ѩϾıԭϾͶһɫС

ǵͷǽ޳΢һȪʹԶǣϸ¡СﴦصСγŻȦ  
ʮСԵø͸鶯ˡ

ˡ
ռ䷢΢

෽ռͶ˿Сʯӣˮܵ

ѩ䣬෽ռ̤˽̫񹬵Ĺ׾Ԩ׾Ԩһ۾ͿǶСпͽð

ǵҲȥһ

׾ԨЦ˵ûôãҲղôТͽ  

ǲ

׾ԨСϴЦݡ

˴ôŲඦͬڣһʿȥСνڱصã۽ֶ顣
ֻ̫ʥŮһ˲룬ȴջųɹС

˵̫񹬵ûеõҲʲôõվΪʣҲй⡣

׾ԨЦٴοޣ˸ͽܰ 

ȫЩ֮ԡ

СϵĽɫСҷˣ̾ڻ룬ſڳϼ⣬øӾӨ·Ƕϸ鱦ʯԡ

С죬һٵ׾Ԩ̾˻ЦҹҫСİɣʲôҪ˵ɡ

ǣ鷵;УڵһϼһС

׾Ԩɫںôĵӣ

һЩϼһʲô¶ó

ָֻ֮ڵϼһҪپĴܲ룬һߵ̫죬ǷβĶ׷٣ǳǳֵ磬;ֱӴ˻̫񹬡

ϣ⴫ʥŮѷСϢЩϼһﶯ˼

ãġ

.

صǷ塣

Ϊ걻ƣò̫˳

֫ǻЩ֢״⣬ҹ˯ʱһù뷨ĸоٻ
ƺȾ걻꣬ڱų⡣

⣬Ȼ嫺󷭱ҲҲΨһİ취һԼ

ҪԼȫԶԷԷҲҪȫԼ골൱ڵ¼꽻ڡ취

ôҲѡȥЩ

ǲĶʱһĥȫĥ
Ȼڣ޷ҹ˯ʱй뷨ܶʶ

ڿտĴü˼

Ըʱ⣬˫⣬ض취

뵽踥

踥ʱһ֣͸оܶࡣ

Ը鷳踥ԷѾܶࡣ

ȵȣֻƵĻܲܽԼи룬ԼԼƣȰںأ

һʣ˳˼·Դһŷš

д˸˼·Ŵû

£费ձʣֵڣдīƮҪȻ

˽ӣ˵ɽŮ񹬰ݷˡ

ʼͣˣȻ̧ۡ

.

⣬ӺɳƺϿգÿһɳԣһĺɫǺӡɽŮӺɳϣĿ纬ǣϴЦʺƮɣŮ

ϵŮߣϰ߾ֵɽŮҲǰһ̾һȻ鴫

򿪻ɽһ䣬ɢȥ걻ֵôδй

ɽŮء

踥²شǷ壺ôຮ 

ӭȥЩǱĸԴɢĺʱһ𶾲ʦΪѹϵĻ𶾾ɽЩĸԴϰˣҲûȥ

˺Ϊγ꺮ƣ⻹ǵһ˵õʥŮ׿ڽ͡

踥һЦͦʺ㡣ɽһƮ죬ó˲ҿ

ڵϣǱȳ



ŹŲɹһϹʱĺŮͼΪǷͼģŲɹֻѡŮŮҲǺ³㡣  

裺𣿡

踥һ
㺮ѹûо

ʵƽذ磬ʵϣΪ˸סĵطʵʵڵزȥѩҲࡣ

踥Լ˵ôЦе˵һɡ

һһѩûصס  

ϵĺ˪ΪѸȥգ֮䣬ϵıѩԱڻһûŨڵֵ֮һû˱㸲ǣ¶ݵء

Ů𾪵ñ鶼βסˡ  

λɽŮøߵĴӲΪɢƵĺһ¶Է˽ţؽĺ˪ˣ

踥һЦ 

һûļһǻûָҲյģأʲô
踥βͽ

˻ɵʣǡ

踥ԥȻΪ

ԤУشĻ𶯡

һʦְȻְһλõʦڻһλĺѡˡ  

踥ûо֮˵㣿  

š  
ͷ

о踥һ̫Էڵĺ嶼ůˣָоء

һһ£һºеӦþͱڵĲˡ
ԽƮƮ˽취

࡭

踥ֹ̧סлõлֻһ¶ѣҪʵлң;֮꣬תתɡ

裺á




49.   49    ӣ


ɽʮɽ塣

һɽһɽش踥ι, רֲҩĵɽ壬ר޵ɽ壬ﷱʢɽ, ʯ᾵ɽ塭ɽ̴ǽÿɽ嶼úܺ, һĹԡ

ÿɽ嶼н, ֻгƽƵ˲ܽ롣

踥һƽƣɳɽκһɽ, Լһ

踥˳ָ, ʵƶ, ȴЦɳôط, ͲҾɽвƲˣ

赭

踥ƵĶȻͣס
ʶô֪Ǹʵĵ, ˵Ǿ

˴ۣ踥
ʵĵǡԽԽˣס  

, ȥɽ

ɽһԸо±ߣʮ, ɽʦΧž͵¯

踥̵˵Щʦʲô, Լÿжٲ鵤

踥ȣ°油鵤Ųɹ, ԭǴɽȥģ

赹û뵽Ųɹˣ
°油鵤պֻӦ̫񹬼, Ļ൤ңԶĹŲɹ

ǰ
踥˿Ÿճ¯ȺĲ鵤˳ţ΢, ʯȻԸ⻨߼ⲹ鵤˲ٶҩӡ

һ¯ĵ¯Ϩ

ʦ¯Ѿ͵ҩȡе֮иСŵҩ, ҩͯ÷Сҩֱյƿвһǳɡ

͵ҩѴҩиСҩ, ȵȡЩᶼİɣ踥תͷ衣

ס

踥˻һ̾ҷǸš

̹Ȼܣȷ츳

׬ʯţ
踥ָۣţĿ࿴˭뵽ʥʥŮȻƣ߾˭ûġ

豻¶Ц⡣

һһֱڰйע裬ЦӶҪɳˣɣǸɽȻҲЦһһ¯ͲСˣζ¯Ƿ϶Ʈ

踥ʦƺ̫ϸҪҪҰźޣ֤䲻Ҳҿ  

ƽؿ࿴ܲһۣͷҲ߰ɣȥڶ塣

ڶ壬踥ǰĻ澪ˡ

ֻжѵԴһװõʳһܲڿУβԴϺ˯ˮƤ

βûв˵ƺζˣҰ죬һѿеһŸ¡

踥ǷˣŷββͰЦеͦⰡ

β㵯壬ˡ
ŮŮô⣿β㾪㤣ҵ壬Ҫ踥ħצ

踥β裺ЩԴᶼǸİɣ

š

踥һβֶӣ߷ߵⶼʲôһȻôԴûôԴ  

һָֻȻ˹

裺㡣

öصĵɫָŮ޶õ֣ϺԶСߴһֲһֲ٣踥һͺϲ

ʶ룬öָﾹȫԴԴжԴࡣ

Ұ踥𾪵Բ۾

ţ㡣  
ֻŵèǳǳЦЦƺ踥һЦ

.
ǵ踥ϲʳϵĳʦǺú׼ϵĳʦǻûӵഫβ׼ʳﶼɷӵġ

ʦ֪ҪдɽŮˣ׷׶óԼ

Ƕ˵ʳˮƽһ¥β㱻۾תˣ̫˵һ˦β;ҪȥС

ȻסԣΪЩΪ踥׼ġ

β㲻š
ʥŮ谮

Ƿ屻˳꣬βĵӱҲ·ɽŮˣŭβӣʾ顣

Ҫ֡
轫ַϣӲСȻŻصϡ

βʵУˮӴӷίˡҲģƫۣ̫ƫˣ

踥Ц

.
ܿ쵽ҹʱ֡

Ϊ˱뱣ֽ룬ҲûΪ踥ⰲһӣͬ˯

Ůʵ¡

չ˫ۣ߿ʼ

£踥Ŀһ̱תתѾ£ɻ㲻𣿡

踥ܾ筴ķ̣ϰԼ·

΢΢һ筴筴⣬˳س΢΢˾˳Է

ȥ

踥豳ԼææҵٶȻ¡

ϣ˫˫ַڸʼʼɢʵĹԣ뷨ʼСȻƬ̺󣬹ʧۡ

ʧˡ

Ƶ껹ٻ踥ʱúܶ࣬ӦǾ벻Ĺϵ

Ŀ΢һת踥ߵɫ᣺˯һŴ

㲻ϰߺͬ˯ҿڴ߷һ˯˯мٸһ硣

踥Ҫ磬æҲ˼㲻˯ϣ

ҧҧˣ˵ͬ˯İڡ˰˵ɢһī΢΢ͷ޹һᣬϴϽ˯á

踥˯üԶŴء

΢ƣƵ˵ĺ㣬˯Զ㡣

գգۡ

踥ڶ˵ˣһ˵ʱ踥ΪУĮȻϸԼԼķ˿ûŹȷ½ҲûѬ㡭

ǼǶԷɢζ

踩踥ϸϸᣬһɼŵǻ˿ƣ٣СҪš
īٲк£踥֡

踥ܵ˾ţһ˲ǲĺëȫը𣬷Ӧصɴ۾ʲôһӴϱ

䴿Ȼƺôˡ 

ҪҪҪ

踥оԼҪһˣаһɻȥýԼɾȻ󱳶Թ˯

迴죬佫ڵĵϨҲɺá

ٴ˯߹뷨ȻʧˣŴ̫󣬶踥أмԶûٲºüˡ

ڰС

һֻ첲ӱ̽ͬʱ踥Ƶҵ֡

ͷӿһů⣬ںڰסԷ֣˫ֽյһɲǣоһɣù뷨붨ްˡ

ϣǣ֣ߡ

.

踥ҹ˯ţ˯ź˸Σ˯ʵۣڿǰһɲǣʲô˯ⶼɣֹͣˡ

¡

Ļɫ㣬˳ͷԲīɫٲɢÿһ缡Ө͸°ɫС׾ٵع˵Ļǡ 

踥޷תߣԼԽԽҵҲжա

£ȹԼӺľ¼ϷסȹҪϣȻסˡ

ʿε񣬺仯仯Ӳǵĸ֪

ת

Ҫ

˵һ踥ɲǱһŸ½ֻð̲תˣҪ˵ʲôԼʧ̬ȴĿⶨһ

踥㶵˳ĿԼȥ  

һС͹  

踥дҽУҹ߰ΣرеʱڣƫƫһۿĻ桭Ծͣ͡ǹģ

һƬ踥ð̻ϰ߷Ÿذ˯зİУ˵ذ

費һ֪СӣȻǲŵģ䣬ɲÿű£ķӦ޴ڡ

ĿǸطŵ踥
˫֮ˣ

踥±¶ݣ뱻Է˫ˣƹˤͣҳһЩԭ򣬲òŮװԣаŮװ

ҵץץͷȷʵӣҲǹ˯һŴģԲ𡭡

彩زˡ 

벻ͨ
ĹȫŮӵĹΪΣΪӣ

踥ұĹ


ë˲ظ  

ĽΪ䣿ɽŮǰҲһֱ⸱ģԣ踥ܽ˵ħѪ֪ɽ׾ٵƽ꣬ƽһݽҲѡ

ӣ

š

踥ӣӡ

˻ΣסһԵ¼ܡ

˵ǰ˰ĽһаŮװӣΪ֮ϧģҲһаŮװӡ

˵֪𣿡΢΢  

踥аŮװķӦôЩ޴룬ԭأҶ˵ҡҡͷ

۲ҵЦЦ

ǰʦ־ǱһаŮװƭȥ˸飬ƭðԼɵҩװ  

û͸֮¾۵³һѪ 

踥޴ǰһסԷĮȻҴźıԭأһ˲඼ˡ

Ѫѩȼʴѩ¶Ⱥε֮ߣת˲֮䣬شᣱȼ̶ǺľӣɴᣣΡ

ܿ޷ܴȼ

ֲ̧½ֹֹŮǽѹԼƲסɱ⣬Įܺáˣתǰ˵ÿЦ

ûн踥ԥغͶԷսݣڡֻγڵķħǻȻٺΪİ·Ҳ  

Ҫ

踥γħǣ

黯䣬εضסĶ

ܣһµ踥סˣŮ̴Ǿʧ봳ȴƲƣƴ󺰣ޱȡ

Ũ̿ʼҲ޷

һŨУ踥Ĵθߣ߽Ũ̺ʹ˿ֻܿߴԼһ˫Щ

Ĭһᣬ߹ȥ贩ȹȻִ̽ԼšѪ踥üͷûһ£ûͣЪؽһӨĺɫŴԼؿ˳

ڲɽ׿衣

ɵӵҲɵӵ֮ԿͻΪ衣

ѾˣºͲٶʶɳ

踥һ㰴ţŵһ˲䣬е濾ɢ١

ˡ



踥˵ڵĴȻ⿪ӵĽƣ˶ٺһѷ졣




50.   50    ʮ


飡
ŮŶ롣

ʱѾȫϨ, ֻʣȼһķԼð̵Ľ̿ǵӾվڷ֮Уڷ, ΢ɢ

Ůǳһ, ƽ, סԼؿڡ 

ؿڹ, ˿

衢ִӳݷＷ
ָԥ̽Լؿڡ  

Ѫ, Ϊ, ʴѩٴʧ, ŮǱֲȶȱ˳ȥ 

˷׷׼, ͼٴδȥ

ʴѩεȰԵΪʿʴѩҲٴαǵķ㱻ʴѩڣͬʱĵҲ, ·ѩ

ȥ嶼ᱻˡ

ŮǾʧ, ֪ôֹʱ, ǷٿȻ, ת˲Ϩʧصѩ, ֹͣԲУȻŻԵص̫ѩ
.

պ, ڴ̫ѩ

費ԲУȴðĬ۳ôʶʲʲô 

֮淢𶯰˻صĴ, ɽŮйء

һɽŮѳŲɹ߹Ųɹ㳲׷ɱɽŮ, ص̫ϳǶ׷׳ء  

ڶ͸㤾ˣķɽŮȻǸˣϢһڶһأɵӰɹ

ŲɹŭˣŭýдܶҹݵѰ踥Ҫնɱع
ŲɹͬʱҲ˻´׷ɱ˭ն踥ͷ˭ܵõıꡣ

ֻ׷ɱûоӰֻһģݣ˵踥Ǹ쳣ÿӣԭķɽŮģмơ

ڵĺ롣
һӾöÿ

ϢķӦǳĬ  

ǳƺϽеˣøӱ䣬ϵıֻѩâ͵ˣǷŮǶ

쾿ʲôɽŮָûйϵ
Ĵûе֪ΪǷϲţͬɽŮ踥ʣҲΪǷ岻Ľʡ  

ð˻һƬ𵴵踥ʹʧˡ

һʧǶʮꡣ



ʮ䣬ʼڱչԾ˵ٶն񾳺ڡʮһն񾳺ڣһ¼Խ̫ʥʥŮʦǡ

̫񹬽ΪبźţһӦٴֻҪ̫񹬼ʹ㾡ȫҲΪѰ 

ԼһжԵʡ

ʯУסؿڡ

شƽţԴԴϵرóѪҺͬһ¯Ϩȴº͵̫࣬ÿһαóѪҺ壬ÿһÿһ

ѺΪһ壬Ҳ޷֮ȡһ൱ڳԼ࣬ɱ

ÿһ 

踥
ɫ˫᲻ŵ֡

ת۶ʮȥڵǰǸıһеĹؼʱڵ㡪ʥŲ

ʥŲһʯҵð˻ؾȻ󲨣Ҳҵʿ겻˷ҪõУҪһ죬Ϊͷ

ȻʥŲʵǸ޴ƭ֡
һ׵Ԩ޿ڣʿ䣬踥Ҳˣٴ

踥һʧǶʮ꣬ԤУһڡʥŲءڡ  

Ҫľǰ踥ɹ١

踥ˣ˾ͲԼҲֺϵġеһжᱻı䡣 


гһöɫԿס

öԿʦֻҪ̫ڣĶֱӽ̫ѩ  

Կڿնڰлһˮ֮ţ˽ȥ

.
̫ѩ

ڶԼԼģ΢΢һкԼġ

Լʦ
ն񾳣ǿȲŵѹ֮ʱ

ֱ˾ˣ˵⣺ʦ𣬵ĥġ

΢΢ףĿ¶Ҫ۵ȷʵҪúôĥģ˵ЩʱΪʦҲҪ˴ȥδ

ͽδãֻȵ

΢΢Ƭ̺üٴһʶն񾳺ڵʿ⻹ӦСĽΪʦһʶϣؼʱ̿Աס

费۽޲˲ʦջʶ
ʥŲΣأδ֪ĹأʦһСҲ˰㡣 

ʦʶͽϣͽ޷ĥԼʦʵڵͽİΣһâΣ

ü
Լͽֵ΢΢̾ϢЭˣɡ

ǸȥĮˣԼΨһͽӦ硣˼Ƭ̣ͽϴܼǿУûâһǿ⡣

üĺͻȻͷ˫ϥ£ڳǵĽűߡ

ôˣ΢΢㵣뽫

ҡҡͷֹڵϡ
ʥŲΣأ踥ǿ˶˱һȥʵǱűȥģһ

ȹҷأڷ䣬ɫׯسֵ뾴⣬Լʦͷ 

һߵסлʦԸǸһеСŮ

ߵףлʦϸĺǻ࣬ͽܸһС

ߵףȥһȥأ纣޷رһʦԺԼ 

ݱ




51.   51    ˭

ïܵԭʼ֡
, Ȼĸϵ¶ڵ棬渲Ũ̦޺ʪȣϷࡣ

һͷ¹һĺ֩֫Ӷ, Ƥ, Ѿڳһܴӡ  

֩뻹Ӷ

βϡض, صľԭʼ֡

֩ס, ֻ۾ԱתһȦ, ûʲô, ֫, ƵļӶ

辭֩, ߾ֻаߣȻ֩ȴصף̳һֻë޵Сӡ

ɿشС, һһ͵һǿ, ȻʼŴ˯, ΢  

ࡢࡪ

ǰߡ

ֻĴ֩ûȥ

ֵʵ̫, Ģ߲˵֩, ²ʺݵ֩룬Լᷢе֩롣

Ųͣ, ֮·ĹľϥǸߵӲݡĶȺȵȣȫһֻĴƿ, մ½Ƿֺ 

ѩ˳Ⱦ͸ŨѩϣɷŹ⡣

ǻ, ı߾ǳҲʮ֮ң˿ټ

ββͣ㵽ʲô

̵һ䡣

˰Ŀһ٣Ŀһ׮ϡ

׮ԱûкᵹɣҲкԵпĺۼ

ҵˡ

ۣʶ糱ˮչïܵĴУҵ֮һεɽ

㣬ƮȻȥ

.

һŴ֦ϣ֦Ҷ˿ӯ÷·ֻֻ 

ֲ˸ǰ

ǰһϵԭʼ䡣

ùì飬ƤȹŮڴƨɵСЦصܡ

ЩסɽУԡѪûʲôǵȼ棬ֻԼ¡

⴦ԭʼʥŲصһڡ
Ҳ˺踥Ǹڡ

βͷˣҪҵĵط

š

뿪̫񹬺ȥඦҹˣ⣬Ѿʮδ飬ٲֻá
õĽ˺踥һ𣬶˵˲ʥŲء

迴˻ֵĸ̻Ĳϥ֦ϣĿϢ񣬾ȴ
Ϸɳ深࣬ȴԶߡ

պ

ʯ֮ƴ׹䣬ȻҵԶĵ档һʯغɫ׵ǿĲʱȫ絹

׵챻׵УвɲȫֱһĵȻ

嵭һ

ԭʦô⴦ڵġѹ֣ǰʦֶܶʾͶʦּӹ⡣

ȿȿȡ
Ǳش

еԪ飬ҩĩ͵в˵ıǻС壬޸ֻشӵվ

ԪƷҩȻһЩͣķ̥Ȼɲ

ϵԼĵҩȻʦֶ죬ҲͲٶʲôˡƮƮش£˵ӣд󰭣

˿סʥŮڴˣ  

裺ģ˵ء֪˺Ǳ

˳һ׵ϷһĨ΢죬ЦβսʶˣʥŮЦˡ

迴һӡ
澲žβնȥͷ­ľ޴ʬ塣

ֿգʣֻаƮ
踥أ

Ӿһ𣿡𰸺ԣȴ̲סȷһ顣

ȻĿ˵˵ͷ

ͷ

踥ûһ
ģ

ʥŲػδ踥һڽ룬Ӳɿء

.

˺ܵ˲µд

ûˣ˴׵ϵû£ǰд

ɽǰĿյϣȼգβƸθɾë˿ǶƤȹΧ裬ƤĳŸ衣 

β⽥ˡ

ҹУ赸ͣˣһ˫˫Ŀⶢžβʿˮ˷Բ˵ʵɱȼôߵݵģǶ볢ôǿʲôζ

֪ɱݣǲƷǸ⣬ֱ˺衣

⣬΢ЦҲɣ˵̫ҪСʳЩ

лʹͣ
ɴ⣬Ĵ£߸˵طָ

Լ˷β㡣ЩδʳҲûнʳԸ

βϷ£⣬һ̵ؿС
ͦóԵģˡеġ

δţ

ĿͶ裬ԾĻӳµüۣȴղů˪ѩ˪ѩҲΧָеֺϲƺ޹ء

ݻӰͯ
෺Щϸܵʹ

˰ƬС飬ľͷ˸ǩӣ⴮⴮Ȼݸ裬Ц󣺡ҪҪԿ 

ӹ⴮

ʵӼֻԹһ⴮踥ԵǴ⴮

ѵۣȻûоϵľڳٹȵ˵ζأ޷Ҫڵ.

Ը˷ʦֵ⣬лƷ

ɻڣ  

˵ͷ

ֵݹһⲿʸϸۣ 

ǲܾʦֵģӹ⴮֮ٴ

Եһ룬СյܹࣺŮ㣬̵ĻƸ㣬˵ǻϲԣǶ˹ǳ

ӹ롣

ֲڵУѩ׵ɢоûмκ˲ϲζ

˳һҲǾϲƸںδ׽ģ

һСָָ򣺡иĺ˵ǺΣգ˲ȥҲûȥ

ЦźСлͬʱʶӿС˵ǿںں

ʥŮûȤһȥ


ʱյʦԼ롣

֪ΪΣûеϲ¶ʥŲؿڼ踥ûټĹϵ

á
ǲԸʦʧġ

ž
䣬Զϸֶϵϸ΢

û⣬ϲƸζԼҲݸˡ

ԣ  
һľֵĲֶϣ켫  
Ⱥ˰ֶϵľͶ𣬻Щ

ͷ΢΢һĿ⿴۲ˡ

۲˱ֻܿ˸ߴͦεıӰ¶ϰɫխݵûа˿׸⣬һջġ

۲ʱԸеļιҲ΢΢Ŷ˳ż£ܶŮε棬˿תˣ趼һģ˵ĽŻܡ

ߵĸɲȥԶĸɲ

ֱۼ΢¡һ˸ߵԲľƿһݰɡתıȱ滹ҪȻĵȴһżͨ 

סҪߵС

˭

СһۣŽǰͺ죬ǲɫˡ

һСͷ죺ͺƢɻˣǣĻôء




52.   52    緢ޱڡ


裺 Ǵ𣿡

С⡣

һͻȻֵ𣿡

ǰ, ͺҰĶӣҲǰͺģ

԰԰ͺһֱǲģ

Ǽ, Сĵ˵ͺ첻, ⳤ, Ҳû뿪䡣

ʻ, ĿⶨڲԶ۲İͺ, ˻, վ, ֱ߹߬ס

赸ͣˡ

˷

ĽͺŮǷӦô, ӾҲǲİͺ죬  

߬סİͺҲʮ־㵣Ĳڵϡ

һ, ֱת˲ڸͺڸտյû麣

̧۽Űͺ۾, һ˿
Է۾˫Ϥ״һ, һ˫Сͨ۾, Ŀ͸İ, ͸žޣҲ͸žη

ûа˿

, ĴȻðʴѩ 

дƤսζ
ͺ췢ʹ

ȷʵǷ

ɲǼ䣬ͷһ¡

ΧĲɫȻˣԭΪλǿǲܻӭ, ڿǰͺʲôطӡ

˵֮ǰ޸ðͺ˴

ſ, ƿѪ˵ǸƿҩǸĲ

˵ת뿪ûеӦҲûٿڶۡ

˿ʲôף

ϣյĸоаѻؿգû˵ֻҡҡͷƯؿһеָʶ߬ 

踥  

.

ûбβ̫࣬˻Χ𳪸裬ƺԸ顣 

ҹɫתϨԽԽߡ

˲֪á

ͻȻһҶ̴ٵҡΡ

ҡɢ˼ܣȼŵĲʱѹһŮ˴ϣ̵ʹ

δ˷ӦؼҡεøӾңԱߵɽм䣬Ӱ񱻿סҶ䣬Ҳҡҡڰڡ

һɫѿ

ʼˡ

.
¡¡
ضɽҡص緢

ΧžѣȸɣɽĻǶѣ˻ϡеĳҲŵõҷ  

ص׿ѣǧٹֵľ޳ԴԴ

ҡε̫޷վȣ׷׶ڵϣǽסԼĺӡ
ԱɽȻ̮ʯӿ

ǵɽˣ

ȱɽˣǿ쿴ʲôֵı˵

ֻԶһͷɸߵľǰϬͷǰϬʵ̫ˣ·ɽһײֱӱʯڵܱ䣬ɡ

ǿĻޣƽʱǶߵģھȻֱֱسǿ񱼶޴һžͽ˲ȳ࣡ 

ҿ£
ڲ˲֪ʱһ쳹ҵҹգ˰ĵ

׳ɫ飬ͿգڵͿзתÿŷɢɫâһɫˮĻ絹۵ͷ˱ڡ

һĻȴûаˡ

ΪˮĻʵ̫ˣǰ͸ģֱҶ

ۿɽͰİϬǱ̤˴󺰾˷У˱ͷûһˮĻܱǡ

飡
ϬײĻ졣

˵ԤϣӴޱȵİϬȻûײĻײʲôӲޱȵĶƵģԼײĽų졣

Ϭ

衪
˻һƹˮĻķ񱼡

ٺ
Ǳŵ̱ǶˮĻУ¿ֻŵؿŻҵ档

滹ھҵҡ޿񱼣ܶƽĻȫˣûͷӬƵĻȺбܣˮĻ

ˮĻʵ˶ˡ

С۵ˮĻۣ

ȺˮĻˮĻҲܲҡΣʮְǺָͷ͸ˮָ漫ˣŸˮһȻܵסȺ

ˣ

ǰ̫ˡ

ڴ۷׷׵ʱ˶跢룺ؿѣӿص׿챦ҪʥŮһȥص̽̽Σ

ҡͷ
ǲҪ뿪˵صĺá

ֻʥŲؿǰ࣬Ųδʽ򿪣ڽصף»

һܡ
һڿշ뿪ķˮĻ

ڰУˮĻ滨һȦٿȻʴѩɵľ޴ȦȵĻȦţһ˳ĻȺһƬԲʮľ޴ȫ

ͻȻֹͣ緢



صѷϼ籡ҹտʼּһĶѤʣڿн֯εձյüҹ·˰졣

ͬʱѹֵδ֪Ȼ١

ˮĻ𽥿ݽߵٲʧɢɫķ龹ʧȥʯͷڵϡ

ҲӰ׹䡣

˷סٵҸܲ麣ˣأ

ٻظҲܲ

˶Ӧǵ麣ˣҲס˿ˡ

ó𣿡

۳һ£С

ԷβСܻܲ󡣡

Ȼͷķβû˵

ͷһȻһҲͨβ㾲ͷûװΡ

ͫȻ

ǰǵһʥŲصģʥŲϢڰ˻شʱŽС
ЩڷȫǴʦֿе֪ġ֪޷ʹǰԲʮڶ

û뵽βҲ״

ô죿Ů˾ŷʡ

ûзıŮǶ¶ҺΣС

ʮ⣬ЩӿĻȺЩĳ϶ڿܿҪˡɽѾɽ㵹滹ڷҡΣûһԱѵĵط

ҵҡУվȲΧһȦҪܣ桭
û˵꣬ԱһŴ£ѹѹ˼׵

ͺͷýıӣ󲽳ȥ̧ȻָһǿȻĴ𣺡ǿȥ

˵տǿŴ񱼡

ͷ˶ܵظ󣬰ν׷ȥζܰﲻףҼˤ

ˣҲȥɡ

š

ȻûҲ۷壬ҲСǺɵرǰ˳ٴϼܵĺӡ

.
ȺǰһǼʱ˹ϡ

Ψһûڵ㵹Ĺˣ޴Ҫʮ˺ϱ֣бһ룬𣬲ͣ֨.Ȼֿ֮ 

ȺûΧ

ȺĻĻҪֲȺл˺ܶȺЩо綾һ¾ЩӸţһڵҴܡ

Ҽֱû³

֨֨
ײ.

ˣУһֱײ֧Ų˶á

ͺ쳯Ǵ˵öԣܴĶȥǰײˣ

Ӧŵµ龰η塣ôֲ˭ȥ˭

ˣȥסǡ

赭Ҳȥ

˲Σգ֪Ϊ̫ʥŮʵҲû˶٣˵á

﷨ˣ֦ѷǸݸ衣

ҡҡͷʲôҲûãңͶ޾޳




53.   53    ҩ


޳, ͣײ

ӭһȺ磬ʱһǰͷǸƯĲ, ѩɡ

飡
ƮƮһ, ʵȴƿֲ, صֽͬ˲䱻߷, ȫͷײ, ˳ײһͷͭ  

𡪡
ͭų, Ѫſ

Ŀ, 㲻, ıһơ  

ꡣѰݣѪҺɽͭƵͭһʬһɾǿƷɳȥ, ײ˺üͷҪײĻޡ

µȴ̲ǿ

ϵĲǷ׷׵ɴۡ

á

ѸܣΧʬԽԽ, ̰һΧھ档

һʮ׳İײ, ۿҪײ, ܿβɨ, ȻԾͷץ  

ʹ˦ͷ, Ҫ˦衣

Ͱ֮ʱһȺޱͼܵϣÿͷͶлô, Ҷͷܲסǵ֨֨ʼԱ㵹

ҪˣӾּС

ͷ  

軯һʧԭ, һ˲ھϣץסϵļͷޱβͽӵ¡
֨֨ 
ĸϵѾһµľˣڳ㵹

ڱǼеϮȫ˶

ץסڱͷƤԱȥһֱԱͷڱͷڱʬͬʱȥ

轫ڱʬߵ棬ѹסϡ



Щֻܼ㵹ٶȡ

輤ŭڷ׷ղɱڱȺѺڱʬһͷͷѹϵͬʱҲڶ׷

ʵ̫ˣδܶҧŭ֮£ϰֱ𣬱ȳ¥Ҫߴ

ô죬µ

Ҫˣ

ҪˣӽҲҪˡ

ϵĲΪԼҪˣŵøɫɷʱ˲һڰߴ紦һǷߡ

顪
ߴ紦ƣӲ·ˮڻζ

ֻһţ˾޴İʧȥϢȻķ㵹ѹϣֹ˾㵹˻ȥ

ǰԴĥ̴ıɫͫƺڶϵŮ٣ʹһʮˣʱܻ

˵ŵɫҰɪɪǴҲëս۾ȥ

áա

ȵȣǲһͷꣿ

ֻһͷ޴Ġ곯ܶ걾ͼǿͻԭͷǰϬ

ûɢҲݣ޾ĺ˶༹
ˡҺµرԼˡ

ͷͷϥء

䣡һȭ
ʹô˻һȭ΢顣

һ־ŠƤëԼ·оʹƵģޱһȭһȭһȭͷǹѣֱӰ첲ҽͷУѪܵذγ

ԽɱԽء

⣬ԼӸӵǻ֯ȫɱ⣬ͬʮĻй

ɱ졣

һɱ¾Ӿʢ硣

ĻȺľ޳棬ȴǿˣ˵ı壬ɵİӰɱ¾

ڻȺɱ޼ɣϸÿһ缡⣬ÿһ˷ѣǸεɱ¾

ʱȥϵĲ˰ȫУٵԼİΣסҲҴؿⳡʢ硣

.

˲֪ãǵ궯ͣЪˡ

˺ԡѪ顣  

϶Ѫڵȥӱߴˮŵǰλˣһɡ

˸ղѪȵս£üȴݣͨû˿ɱûɱ¾һǳЦŶԲ˵лãлǡ

Ҳҡ˻æ

ڲϵѪգȴûԼ˼ϵѪ˶ܶࡣ

δ𣬵δ
ͣճѪӷ˿ǵ䡣

ȹûʧȥԣ޷һȾˣҲմѪѪ׺ڽëβˣȥɱմѪľż

˶Щ裬ҲҸ˵

˲ԼϵѪգȻڻʬϣûԼ˼鲼ʪ˵ݹʥŮһ°ɡ

ü̫Ը⡣
˻ᣬǽӹ鲼һ

ı΢΢

ʥŮƺܾԼ

֪Լ˵ģ⵽ΪħѪʲôԭʹˣǸա

˵ע裬Щ񣬵Ŀⲻ俴ʱһüͷʱ֣

˫״ָ֣ͣǾѪģ

ɨԼһۣ˵û¡ôС˶ѡ

˱΢ͬⲻϧԼ̬ȣʲôҲû˵Ϊ
ֻ˺ԼһۣûеҩʥŮһ¿ɺã

Ҫ˵ͻȻһСܹˣȿ޺˸磬үү첻ˣûа취Ⱦ

ˣ𼱣ȥ

ʥŮԵƬ̡
µֻȴҴ뿪

ǰŸߣ˰ͺ֣ƿ貹ĵҩָ£ӣƿòϣɣ

ѪļƷҩҲ˳Чã﷨ҲãƿѪ˵

ȴľġ

á

ҲҪ  

ͺѴƿڵŤͷߣûƿҩͱص

裺ƿҩԾȻãðɡ

ͺ챳ӰסƬ̣߬ƿҩ뿪

սס

زҡΣصѷ첻籡ϼ⣬ʼɢյƲ㡣ƣȺްѵõƽ

գѩ¶һ˿ΪɲĽ⡣

Ϊʲô֣

ʥŲڲڴ



ӣϵвУ
ͺ쾹ȻֳˣʱﻹƬƴҶӣԼʯʯʡ

Ϊʦһ۾ϳƬҶҶЧرһζҩġ

ô̵ʱڴвɵҶȻܡ

迴ͺ֡

˫ǳָ׷Ƕɳ۲

ȻղȥٿɽˣҶӦƽصҩƽɽ

ӣ𣿡

ôʱڵɽٳҶҲΪ˼ȥǵá

ͺ۾һ쾪ϲЦ¡

û˵Ҷŵʯʺ̱ʯƵܿҶĳҶΪҩɣ

һֱ֡

ͺС֣ѪģֱʱȻе㷢ϴϴ֣ͷһ㿪ʼΧѪ

迴ͷ䲻ղŶʲô

ͺ˶٣ûҾǡЩ£Ӹղ̫ˣɱôޡ  

㻹Ҫչ趢

ǲĶˣôܷŶ˲ܡ

˴ǼҴҸϻ  
ûʲô󰭣ֻǲ߶ѣǺˡ  

˿ǰĻʱŲסˡ

ԼղλѾˣǸаͺСҩ˿üͺ֣һҩ

߹ȥͺ֣ʾҩԼ  
ɡȴݾܾ 

ͺ̧ͷĿЩ֪裬ƺԼҪҪá

ɫػؿĿֱ治ʲôҲû˵  

ͺͷɬ˼ˣ̵ƽ
ƽĶ˷ָƺڵ;ֹ
ж˺ԼҲλһߺ趼ûڡ

˽ӹҩŷֱ£۶ЦҶȻȵҩЧ֢

˿ʼҩ

ֱѩ覣˾Եø̲סȰʥŮܷమϧԼһ㡣

迴Žߵˣǰ֣Ŀеļ  
á

վԱߵİͺҲȥŤͷ뿪

аĽŮ˴ȥͺղš

ͺ߷ʯӣ̬ȶӡ

Ů˲˵СΧȥѾϰ߰ͺĳƢҲ֪Ӳ׷׷ߴߴС
ͺ磬ͷǲΪɽ˰
ǲˣǱҵԴˣҿϴһʯף
ԣҲˣҵÿˡ

ǿˣ




54.   54    ʥ


¡
ͻȻٴξһζһ¡

޷֮, ˷׷ˤ˴Ӿˤ

ŷڵĽһƵʥ, 鶼޷ܵ쳹˻ء
֮տ, յ, ߵ֮С

, 𺳵ü˵ǡʥ

ʥ֮, һ, ԭʼеҴĻ, δ, ĲˣȫƲסеĳ羴;η׷£ͷ­򯾴ʹ

վŵ, ֻ˺衣

߾Ҳն, ǿֵܵʥ, ڹ롣Ȼԡʥ, ǵҲͨͨ, ǳ𶯡

ʥѲ׶ʥ֮, κʿ˵Ǽ𺳵¡

֮տյ㣬ߵ֮С

֮տ, յ㣬ߵ֮С

ؼʥ죬ͬʱ, غ¡¡һֲֿٶѿѵڵĻʬ׷׹䣬ڶĲ˶ܲҲִ׹Ԩ





ѿٶ̫죬̫ͻȻܶ˻ûӦʱ򣬽µĵͱˣǿҪӻص棬ȴֻܾظŻʬ׹

ͺµĵҲ顣

һͷ׹ĻʬϣݺʮĶϱһԾƾž˵ĵɹʸڶϱڱԵȻŶϱڱҲĩѿ

ѵʯ飬գֻźڰ׹ȥ

˵Ҳòȥ

Ȼã޷УҲ޷÷з졣Ź˵ķӦٶȣڴѿһɲǣץס˾֦

ž
ڻ޳дľڼѵֿ
Ȼڴص˺·׷׶ѣžһ㣬㵹бֻʣ¿ļ֦

ץ֦գͷźڶԨ

ס

ʲô

̧ͷա
˿յټҲޣ˵踥Ӱ

ת

ٵ踥£žҪ֧Ųסˡ¡¡ѷ󣬾ڵһߴҲȻѡ

ˣͬžԼڶſھϵĲˣһ޾Ԩ׹ȥ

.
ѡ
ѡ

о˺ͷԻ۾

Ļ£ü۽ƵĴգۣ˫ÿ۾ʱ¶˿ɫ

ɳĮл

ǵģɳĮ

ǵ䵽Ԩ󾹳Ⱥ嫵ɳĮУȥܽޱ޼ʵɳûһ˿Ʋʣ̫ȳɵ÷·һȦ

ôɳĮ

ⲻ˼  

ʥŲؼкü㣬Ҫһһشأÿһľͬǵúʦ˵ǳһڰˮˮڶˮʬͨһԿ׾ͲˮʬڣɱˮʬŹһء

Ϊͬһط룬ˮɳĮ磿

鷳ˡ

ʥŲÿһضѹܹ򲻴һȫ䣬ǵһȫٵδ֪ա

س˳

ˣʥŮоΣʲôط

ҡҡͷû¡ûˤˣһҲûСͷ˿ֱ֣ϵ˾ȻҲˡ

˽ͣһܵҽ¡

Ȼ
ʥŲȻôģˣԭʦҽε

ڸȷʵܹͨ麣ˣ̧ͷ˴΢΢ѣӴ﷨ȡҩ

ţ
﷨޷򿪡

̰ϵķβȻһûľǡԼȹȻûɳ΢ңûлָ

һۡ

ˣʥŮӴ﷨ȡƷ𣿸ղѾԹзʹá



ʥŮʲô뷨𣿡

ûгɵ˵Ҳеһжǻ󡣡

󣿡

ԣȴʵ󡣡迴Žµɰ˵ζɳģĿģҲǻȥһҪǳСġ

ʵ𣿡΢΢

󲢲ǻģֻҪʧƳʵ˵һ
ԨֲɳĮܿüգܸܵķ򲨶Ȼͬô͵ķʽ͵ңԶ֮ء

Ȼʥ˿ٵһС磬ʵҲδزܡ

գգۡ
йʥŲصһжա

ǰʥŲؿʱʵܵ΢Զûʵߣֻǿһءڶʵ̫գûĻŴȥǼˣʱ뿪

ֻһصʥŲصʶǳʵ²ǰص˸ġ

ɳĮȵķһɳӴǷϡ

ֹͣ˼ʵʣ˵ʥ˭յ㣬˭ȵõСɳĮɳĮȡȱˮȱʳԴѷֲʹκηͬ﷨ڵĶȡá

ûκԼȡֻ麣ڴ

ʥ󣬼пǿǵ

ҪˮԴʳ麣ÿһҪʡ˷ѡڱǰ£Ѱҹյ

һ־ս

ͷǳͬ˵뷨

ǵ䵽ͬһصĻǿžʮĲˣԼССĻʬ塣ǿȱȲʿڻţ»кһᡣ

һߵȲһ߿ʼʬ塣

û޵Ĺͷ״ĹѪû޵Ľӣһ˩ϡ

﷨ãҲζûбٹȵʳ

˴ѪҺˮ֮⣬иʬ壬ָһϡɳĮ̫󣬿ЩҲ⴦ܿͻӲɡ




55.   55    ʧ


˶˻δʼ·, Ĵ㣬ǲϹѪΪ˾ܶĴѪ, ùͷ޽קķӡ  

÷Ӻ, ֿʼƤ

ɳĮ, ̫ıɹ¼ʹѪڹ, Ҳܻ, ǴڹͷϸϼƤ

ƤĶܿ, Űȴ, ̧ʣ˵ӡõʥ˴𣿡

˳ϵĺ̹ȻȻ

费˫Ŀ, ץƤıԵһ˺ԤУлգпܻڴ˵, ˣ˵Ҳ봳һ𣿡

ǳЦδֲأս֮ʱ, ΪĴա, ѵʥŮͲʥ, ʥ˾Ĵ𣿡

ͣס

ʵǷǳ뷨, ΪҲˡ
ɽ֪, ȴҲȻ޷˵Ҫҿɴ

ʵʳǰ֪ԷĴ𰸡

ü΢΢

ʥŲأڶʿڴ, ûõСǰʦҲȷʵĳһõ˱ĻԵ׻Ѫ׼б, ʦֻ˳õԵ

Ƥȫ¡

Ƥڹͷϣ֮һۡ

ʹȰʦ뿪Ȱס𣿿ǰʦõҲ޷˵ݻ֮

ͷͷ

ٿڣĬĬϣ˳õԵȻƽ뿪

.

½źޱߵɳĮȫˡ

ġǡǲǵص𣿡Ŀ࣬𾪵˵

̧ͷա
ƵģҲ

ְһһݶûУ

ϵɳ˼ؾЩɹɺĺɳôôɳ 
Ĳïܵԭʼ֣ŹɳĮҲɳĮûи֪ɳǺӴɳ

ˣɳĮһС֮С

˾ǣһԵȫӿʲôС磿

˼򵥽һʲôС硣

Щ˲ʿһֱУһ֪û˵ʲôʵ²ӣĺ壬ӶʲôΣյ顣

˵ĽͣʮĲС˼

ʣǵ֮ǰǵ֮֮ʲôġͷ
ʲô˼

˸ʥüĻʲôʥˣԼʥ˴еĺ塣 

ЩĲҲܿʥжԼʥ˴ж౦ת˷

˭ӵз˭ϣϣ˭߸Ĥأ
Ĳһѣһѵõ
˵رãҲܵõأ

ߴߴ˷ܵ

һֱû˵ǳΣգʹҺҲܻ



ô˵ЩӣʥŲصջ̫ˡ

жΣհ

ȻޱʱҪΣǧҼΣգǲ־ǡ


ǵЩˡ

ڻ޳ûλڣǿ϶ǻȻ޳ΣգλֲϻǵĻǡ

˿˵ߣҪʲôʥ˴ˣҲ֪ôȥ

ǰ
ǰ

ŲصĳڣʵҲû͸ǰؾһʱҲּѣǰϵĲͬи²⡣  
ǴﲻҪһʱգа취뿪һ˷磬һݣֿɳѣǴԭĵط

˵ǲȷ𣿡

Ĭ

ȷʵȷԭأ϶ǰҪȫö࣬ʥŲزǷܴġ

ˣǲǲȷһ顣

費ƭǣ˵ͷ

  

޷Ǿȥʲôô˵ҲеҲ޷һݡԼҲȷ
УǻǸ˰ɡ

ڻ˵ӲΣտ϶ҲỤһЩġ

ȥǾȥģ˱ǡ

Ǻ£Ǿǡ

ǰȥǾȥģ

üǻڵġ׷ǹʣȰȻǾǰɡ

.

һŹǷããɳĮ

ƬɳĮ浱ޱ޼ʣԭĸûƣûֲûпݲݣûгȭͷʯֻ಻ϵɳ  

ûЩ൱ûκβɳĮʱɳ̤Ľӡת۱ǣһҹȥɳ״Ҳŷ仯

ƬɳĮͷ·һӴԹ

ʮˡ
ûҵ֮ıĻ˵ڴе

Ȱ

ȣȳӿ˶ΧƤߴƤ㣬ϰ¶ձɹ£ɹƤƤ촽ѣɢ

ûκĵط켫ҹֻж̶ʱʹҲɹͨ졣

ʵ߲ˣϢһ°ɡһƨ£ǰ
ȿڣҲ׷µء
ǰϢһ°ɡ
Ҳ߲ˡ
ʥ˴治Ǻõõģڱɹúð̣۾ҲҪҪȥˡ

ü

˶˵һ°ɡ

ֻܵͷ

̫ɳɹụ̀ɳĮҲûҶϢ

ʮյģѪѾʣ޼ҶѾɿ飬ֻܽѪȥȨǲˮ֡

ΪûˮԴ䣬ЩˮֵѪҲٿʶöԣֻά岻ˮĳ̶ȡ

ûвˮ֣ͷۣȣԼϢ

̫ʢˣ±۾Ҳ͸ƤսһƬȺɫȻоǰڣͷĲƮ

˫̧ͷ

ԼۣͷϣʥŮڵһ°ɡȱˮ΢΢ɳơ

ͬͨϣ۵ݻҲҪ˵ӻԼڵɡ 

ҡͷûнӣʥŮҪܾ
ûٸƾܵĻᣬת߿ȥǷϵƷ

迴ӰƬ̣ѩָץסĲϣûƾܣϧ£Լϡ
ͷӰͶһӰЩ΢

ǿʲô˾󺰡



ԶɳϣɰеĶһ㱻˳¶׵Ĺ

һۣߣȥ

ʮȥڷЩ쳣˶Ǿһ񣬼ӿŲԶɳ

м˸һȥʵ߲ˣͷ̱ڵûǶ⣬ŷ磬з۾ȥ

˫һǿ̵ɰ

ҲһŰǡ

˲СĹɳеƷչ¶ģһ߽׵޹ǼܣԼɳɰĥ÷໬

˳Ƭ̣ƺ޵ĺǡ

ãҲԽԽޣӦþޡ

һˮ½ܲ࣬˳ԲǿʵͣëӲнΪ

Ϊʲô﷢޵ĺأ

кδ⣿
ϻͨ

軹һоߺǣͻȻһʧ󺰣أȥˣ

˻ȥ

ǵ·տããΨ಻ɳƮɰһƬɳĮ

ǰλӦԭصĲ˾ʧøɸɾ

һɵĺӼ

.

ǺķһѰЩʧٵˣ˱ƿԲڵɳ𣬵һͷûҵ

ǰ˸˾ʧããɳĮС

ǵʧֲ²⡣

˲Ǳɳʳˡ

Ȼ²סţΪʱȺֻ֮ɣôģɳǲܸо
ѾɳڿҲûҵһӰ

ֲ²⣬ɳδ֪ĿֲҷǺеľһ㣬ʱɳδܵɳĮʳ

ֲ²ɳĿҪһЩ

ɳôθһܺãȫ£йǷƤҲȫɵһɶһͷӶʣ 

ʲôԭûһ˿ͷʧ̫ͻȻ̫Ҳ̫ɾˡ
ƬȹɳĮƺһزɫʡ

ôǻǵüǰѰ

Ȼһɲɳһɲ˻£һ˾״

ģܰ
ųصĽŲǰߣͷɳأ촽۾ֱСЩʡ

ôͻȻʧˡܰġ

ôأܰ

ô벻ͨ˾Ͳôô˵ҲҲˡ

ʧȥˣȵȣıɹȱˮټ޷Ĺľ˱  
ڷһгͳ

ȥ
֧Ųסرͷ 

ã߻ȥƽ

Ҵ㶵ؿ裬ԸǻȥǿʮһˣҪؿɲ׵°
λ֮ǰ˵ǡ

貢Ǻı

ǴѪѾ˽˳ɣƬɳĮûаˮԴԲ䣬Ҫ벻ֻܻصԭءﻹڶʬڣЩ;޴Ļ¾ʮյıɹӦҲѪҺԼȡ

лˣлˣ

ϵûȥ·𣿡С˵

ס

ƬɳĮȻûвľûʯûκβο·꣬ǻһοǾͷ̫ 

ǰ·ʱһֱڼ̫λãӰӽǶȣ߲ͣ׼һߡ
ͬʱĬԼĲܹ˶һ

Ҫ߻ȥѡ




56.   56    Ϥ


ǧ, ķʮĹڻصԭء

ѪǰѾ꣬ûˮֿԲ, в˶ˮ֢״, Ѱ, ƤƬƬƤ, Ѿټޡ

Ҳ֧Ųסɳ, ɳƵɰֽĥ, 𡭡 

ǰһɳ, ָ

ǳֵĳʼص, ǾʲôûС

ˡǿˣ

Ŵ󣬷ָشӵ֪, ˫Ⱦ񱼡

Ϊˣתȴǵ֪ʱƮơ

ɳɳСת˲ưôꡣ

ɳĮȷˮĳƮ, ᵽеʪϢ

Ȼˣ

̫ͻȻ̫, Ҳ֮, ΪѾûѪ, ʼصĻʬҲĪȫʧⳡΨһϣ 

˵ⳡйŹ, Ǳȥ

Ҳġ

ͷűߣ˻ԣҲһǰͺ, ͺǲõһΪ˲Сӣһֱڱߡ

ǽҲһȥ˷ͺһ, ˵
ˮȻҪȡβЩ߲˴ԭأȻһתҲʧǰ˸һӰ١

ͷҲʣµһԵŮˡ

˴˺Ƶķ첽ȥ

ƾǰҡ

ڳĺƸѹڵͿУƺܴµɳˮʪ

˴˿ҪߵƵʱٴη

ǰͻȻʧ

Ӵƣͬؼɴޣգۼʧøɸɾ·ûֹϵɳҲʪĺۼ

ĸƿ񱼵ĲҲһͬʧ

ϴβͬһۿŶԷġ

ǰһ̻裬ĸܵһˮϻǿϲĴЦȴ¥ȫʧˡ

ӿ

̵ķŴĿɳ𣬱ڵģ翣ͷҲѣԼ

ʵڵ
Ϊ̫̫۳ֵĻþ

ѵɳĮеĺ¥
ֻߣɳĮҲǼٵġֻΣ

ô£

ëȻ£Ŀܵͱˣ˺趼Ǽ֮ʣµֶ˻ԣ֪ʲô

ܹʮ߸˽ھֻʣˡ

ð죬ûиܵӣвʲô쳣

˽˷¡

ɫ쳣ࡣ
ᵽʥŲжغΣա

Ѿʧʮǻ֪ЩôʧģΪʲôʧģ

ϸϸػ˺ܾãǺаյ˵ƺܵһֲǳ΢ЩղҲпǻþĲ

һղ

ĬĬĸ֣һĳʼأɳ޺ǣȻʧƺˡãһģĲ²⣬ʲôû

˼֮ʱ

ˡ
ʾͷһƳƵ

̧ͷ߲֮ʥĹһȦȦˮ㵴ʥĤݡ

ˡ
һ

˼ͬʱ˾ͬ
ߡ
ȥĵطȥ

˴ŻԵĲֻ̳ܹǼסķ򣬼·

ܺãֻ˰ٴһơ

ûͻȻʧ˶ˮˮԵĲΪⳡҲ˹  
дûӣȫǹ 

.

һ㳯ʮ·ûʲôƹصǰȻ಻ɳ

Ǳǲиˣ˲˼ؾ

ұߵɳͷƺиڵͷܻߣӰɳĮģ֡

˶˵ķȥ

Ҳתͷȥʱͺվǰסߣû⣬ŲһûüԶͺҲԱŲһǳȻҲû󿴡

迴һۣ

٣
ͺƺ̫˷ˣСųԶźǡֵǰʵʵ

ʱഫ˵ƺûκ˵úˣ׼ȷ˵һ˿ңͬҰˡ

ʥŮ֡

⣬ڵͷϵ۵ݻ

֣ЮͶȥԶ˵ϡ

迴˰ͺ챳Ӱһۣͺ˷ܵתǵǶŸʲôϽȥ˵һת˾ûˣ

ιʧ˶Ҷжڿ˷ܣҲûһ鱼ܹȥ

˴˵ķȥ

Ҳǣײײش߹
Ǹ뷢԰׵ˣͷͺӷǳǳѾ˿飬һƤĴˮңǷǳ˷ܣֱۣҪܡ

ɳб£ʱûм٣Ǳعɳײʱ

Ҳܵ˻ͻȻʧŲܼ

˫ڻ档

˵ͷϢץס˵ֱۣƷƵ˵ʲôȴ˵ֻܷŹֵİǴ

˼˲ϹҵƤˮҷӲ©ǿյģȱˮ򿪹ιˮ

ץ˵ĸ첲ɳϡ

Ͽݵֽץ˵ּ֣кˮֶҪˣЩˮȥˡ


˺ˮеشͷ¶˥ϲֿ裬۾ʪ㵸Źֺ

˶ı𼱣˵ʲô˵

ࡢۡۡաˣ
˻

Ȼһ

裺ô֪ʲô֣

ǣǡת裬ض˵ĸ֣Ǵδ˵ҰˣֻɥʧԹã̶̼˵ó֣ҧʮֲ׼ȷءǡ

˰˵˳ʥŮ

ţʹͷ
ţţţ

ɳĮĹ˾ʶǣ

̽ض

˥ϲȥͷŲ㳤ڰߵĸƤͷͺ˳һȦȦϡ˳˥ϳģȴѼ

֮ǰλˣԲǡ

Ҳ˵ͼҳһ˿Ϥĵطգ˼ô֪ǣ

¶ֿЦı飬ָԼҡңܡ

ưܵ·ǻֱˣȿȣҵؿԼˤ˵ϣɢؿգ

˴սһЩ˺ܾòŷֱ˵ƺǡˮ

ܡˮ

һۣ˴еļ𾪡

ˮֲֻʶһޣǸǸĿʵǿնʿʮᡣ

˶˵ô޷λˮǰλ˥ϲϵһ顣

ƺڸղŵķ̫۾أҲСޡ

貢ָ絶εϵĺ롣

ϸҵЩˮӰӡ

Ǿ

סĿڣһȥι˵ˮ˼ѵسſƤ·عⷵգĿڳݱࣺܶء˷ˡ

ٴȷϣеλˮ𣿡

һ˲˲Ŀ£˳صͷ

˿ʣʲôôӣ

ʲôʲôû١ˡʲôҲûˮѵ˵ǲϵ˫ۻɨˣˮ

ܺȵˮܿǡð

ˣնʿһǧ˰أλپʲôܷϸ˵˵

ʥ˴С󡭡߰ߡѾǲ˶ˡ
ƬɳĮһֱߣһֱߣӰߵҹӺҹߵ죬ɳĮ಻ԶûоͷԶûоͷ

ߵ꣬ߵꡣ

˼껹һǧꣿǲˡ

Ҫšߣץ˵ĸ첲ӣһһ˵仰㶨סˣ۾ֲر͹š

˴ľ

Ŀ

˽Ƭ̣ص˫ۡ

ܾöž˻վʧ˻ƵĲһ
ֻɳĮʵͣЪķ

˻ڴͣЪһɡ

û飬˴Χſһŷ۵ʬࡣ

ʱ侲ʣתҹɳĮҹ䣬ҲûʲôɳߣֻǺżܿһַǳСϣϾֻɰһҲ˶ӡ 

ҹܱ

ɳĮҹ̣ûɹľֻж̶ʱٳأҲܲıܣ˯˴˿


ɳĮҹХ

˯еزжˣ˫΢øʬϵ·۱ϣʵķУһֻǽ޳ּʱץסۡ

Ƿ̫ʬϵķ۴ֱʦץס

ʲô쳣ֱ۾˯ǰ˫ʶԱ߿һۡ

һʱеʧӰ٣ɫհ׵

Կտա

ǰһ̻ʧˣ
ͬˮʬ壬ˣһʧøɸɾֻʣһƬߡ


ԽԽˡ

лɰɳҪˡ

ͺ챻ɳѹԺ轩ӲվıӰˣأ

ɫ쳣ѿǶˡ

ʲô
ͺŵ

־ܣ·ߵɳĮʱܳʲôħƵģץսսֱ࣬߹ˣһλҲʧˣǸô죿

ûǰߣ
ȶⳡɳ

ͺӣࡣ

ɳּֿܿɳϯɰͷ޿ײ룬ǿף۾ȫմɰͬʱŵµɳҲڷݣû߶Զͱɳ

費òץŰͺ

ⳡɳӵʱܳǵķΧ㣬ģҪϢⳡɳʱ漣طһؾ޴пյĿľ

˰ľС

һһҹ

ɳͣЪ

˴ӿľ

ͺҵſľӲǣҺ㣬ȻҺ군ˡ
ףʲôɳôôץۣ

ͷһ̿ͺ˵ץۡ

ץۺǳܵÿһ֮ԿǱץģʲô޴ġ

趨ؿЩץ

͵߬סͺĸ첲
ôˣͺһ

û˵߬Űͺĸ첲ɵһߵһˣϸϸһ粻©ɨÿһץۡ

ɳĮеĲǵǿš迴
ץǺڱµġ
׺ɣǵľʬױпյĿľ

ͺ죺ʲô

˫۱أԽɳĮһĻĻԺתʧˣ޹ǣˡƬԺƴӷϡ

֪ˡ
˫ѡ




57.   57    һ

֪ʲôˣͺɴ۾

ץһʯӷڵ, ڿľ϶ץһֻСϣϥ£ɫƽһСʯӴһռ䡣

ָ˿ʯӡ
ʯӴСһ, ռСҲܲͬСδ֪, ʮƽ, Ҳֻʮɿ

ͺһϡͿ˵ʲô, ô

ûд, ֻСϷʯϡ˵ע, СϿʼʯӶ, ܿ˵ڶʯϡ

ʱСϵĵڶʯ, ŵʯӶһط䣺ռλƵһ
ʱһռϵ˾ͿڶռϵˣҲ˵, ڵһռϵ˿ͻȻʧ

ʯӡ

վǿʯӱͣƶ

ԭ༸Ͼ뿪ʯ, ȴΪʯӷƶ, ôձƵʯ, ֿʼͷǰ, ظ֮ǰ·

ƬɳĮзָռ䣬ռ䲨ʮԲ, пռ䶼ڽƶ޷ƶɣġ
, ÿһռʱٸͬ

׹ʱдеľڶ̶̶ʮڱʴɿľ׹ʱѪĻʬתֻʣǼܣͷĥþӨԲ
µˮ, ߵա

ֻûҵȷİ취ߵҲ޷߳ССʯ󡣡

ԵһصĿѾˡռɳĮԹ

˵Ļøͺɻͷ˼ǲ֪ôʥ˿ˣ

̧ۣζؿȰͺ챻Щëʱصǣҵ취ˣһ뿪

ͺ죺

ΣաִӴ衢ýͺȴòЩըë
˵ʲô

趢㻹Ҫװʲôʱ򣿡

ʲʲôװͺһµվ

豻Ц

ʮǰ踥ȼŭٶȼ𣬲ԽԽҵƣͻȻ̧һסĲͺ챾ͿɱԵһݺݵɱϣ

ȿȿȡ

ָս
ɫˮʱ㼸ι⵲ǰ

ȿȡͺʹץ֣ҪϢͨ졣

裺ϵץ۱ɳʴǳȴһ۾עⲢȥ
ֵû𣿡һ˫ȴȼգֻӳߵӰ

ʹ˱ͻȻס

ϷĻ̨ٿȻ

ͺĿʼθߣƽͨһþ£ֱҫ۵ǡһԸŮϺԶȷɽŮʱڸĿ

ʱȴΪס׵Ⱦϴ졣

踥΢΢ͷŴĲŨܳ޵ʹһϢˮβȴŵЦΪ㲻ңȿȡ˫ۣһ׸ģ

趢ָɿ

ؿ踥ֱȣҲ濾÷̡

䣺ߡ

ѾˣѾΪһ壬ҪȡǲҪˡ

Ĭ˺ܾá
Ƿħǻ裬¶ˡ
ȥ

踥ӦòµóҾǳʥŲģûõҪĶ֮ǰҲȥ

Σգܻ

踥һ˹ִʹҲãᶨұҪõĶ 

ֻһƭ֣ûҪĶ

踥ܸоȷ

üıõ𣿡

踥ͷ

γĬ˺ܾã踥Ϊ˵䵭Ļʱȴ̧ͷ֣ػá
ҾһʥŲأ㲻뿪߰벽  

踥һ̶ԭô𣿡
Ļŭ֮£䴽¶һÿĿѣԵЦ

ϧɳĮΨһŮӲ͡

ûصпյĿľ׮С

踥Ӱе裬ǲǸÿ㣿 

䵭Ƴ

û˵踥ȴ漣㶮˼һߵĵط

ľУͷѩע̽ŲýЩ˽ֻһȭͷľʱջߡ

踥ѹȸԾ飬ɫʣҵУ

ߡ

踥ͬ

ĿˮõˮվˣԼͬѡǰС

踥̾Ϣˮ֮Ըȴûҵ·ΪɳĮĿռڲŲλҲһֱڱ䣬ȻԶ߲ġֻ׼һҲԶɳĮת

ʥŲض̶̶ʮ죬ֻһδߴȴ˵ƶ·һһλá

ȻҲͬ²⡣

ûзߵڰװǴڴ˵أһɡ˵ջ˫ۣ׮ڣĿ

ǵõ֤

ˡ
ңԶĶ

踥źϧ̫Զˣߵ·ռѾΣŲ͵Զĵط

źĸƣǼڴ˵أǽʱٳڻʣˮƮʱδ֪ʣµҪӽʡ

踥ͷ

ɳĮȡ

˲пյĿľУĿⱻ棬ɳĮɳľҲɳ档 

ܲʱһţûг֡

ת۹ȥ¡

ʿǿӲˮ£ڼΣξ붼Զ˲㶯
Ͼ뿪ҲûпľԶܷɳˣǵĴ⡣

һա

ͻȻꡱһϸ΢졣

ۣڵؿľسΣľ⻬һľʧӰ١

ڵ⴦ռŲˡ
һΣľǡúռ֮䣬Կռʱһؿľһߡ

ͫ΢΢š

ղſռ϶ǡ踥м䣬ôѾֿˡ
ٲЩ踥պÿռķ϶Уôռ任ʱͻᱻس롣

ΪʿԵֵռ˺

Ҿá 
Ƭ̺踥ڡ

Ϊ弫ȱˮҲ̺죬촽ɳƣΪ˱ҪٽһЩ

ҲŲ۾ˡ
ڿһۺ۽رء

Ҫô
Ѿż򣬽޿ɽ

踥ͷſľڣ϶˵㿴ǲǿ˯ġһգ۵Ĺ˾Ͳˡԡұô

ؿһᣬɳƣ뿪Ǵһ  
ϢŲ䣺ʵѹ۷塣

踥Ѿñܾ׼ǼƺҪԣһ㣬顣ֻǶԷĻҪİΣȻԸðҲԸֿ

Ц  

ãȥ;ôڡ  
踥ſ˫ۡ

Ƭ̣۾һŲȥ

һǿ̣踥зһ̾Ϣǿ˺ܾõ䱦ڱ뻳У˿ȱ

踥ס衣

ǵһαˣڲɽʱĸоڵĸоȫһһƣò˼飬ԸȱˮĲҾʱԶ̡ͣ

踥ͷ
農Ŵ۽ޱأһֹɣı亮˪ǧ֮ʶû١

̽ؽ°Ϳڻ˵ͷûӦСôôһ㶼 

ţ졣

踥ЦЦ

Ҳȫ£Լ˫ȷΧں°Ϳķ˫սͷۡ
аĳ£Ļܵ࣬ͬ跢ϵҲڱӻ֮ڡ

ľƾնһ룬ڵɳЧ˺ܶࡣ

ʱȥɳ踥ĳɳʣľž




58.   58    ɽ׽


֪˶á

ɳɳ
, ˮľˮӿľ϶©£һεڷ·ʯϡ

ʪˮҲӿľӿ˽  

һӳ˯ѡ

踥ɿ˫, ۾, ˮ˵, ںһû

ʿƤëҲˮ, Ҳþθת, ֱӽ, ٶȵñٿݽߵָ

踥һ۾

, ľ, ŨƽʳУ˺ľӿӿľƶ峺ˮпյĿľ, ˳װ

˳׻ָ  

ˮʣܶ, װ, 踥Щˮӵ, ü, ˮһˮΧ, ·һſˮ

αغķ


踥ֻҪ߳Ͳ˷ѡ

˽ƳֵһӺ, ٴ𵴣Ǽ, ˾һ  

ߣ

һֱȼٷȥ

ˡ
ƳƵ

ֻ·ʱ˿ǽɫεһҫССţԣžȥһ¹صڡ  





ѱɫΧƣŽ֮ʱٿȻá

ռλˣգۼΧյȣʲôɫʲôŶӰ١֮񷾡ͷһɫû

˷䵽ɳϡ

ɫ΢䡣  

Ͳһ㡭

踥ÿɳϣȻʼˮˣôˮǣٰһҲ¡

ʣµˮɢСˮɳΧұĵСˮֻӤȭͷСһſűյþӨ͸⣬ɷǺÿ

Ƭ̣ЩСˮںϳСˣϥŤƨ衣  

Ҫ˷Ρ

ЦһЦ 

Ӧ𣬵Ŀ϶ԷЦȴ֪Ϊɫ΢ 

踥̵ű

ˮͷʮ㣬ȫûڿľʱͰ͵ӣزƣʼ轲ʮʲôôײİͺģԼڲȤ£

ɳĮķž

ڶ߶߶Щ

֪ˡ

ҪԹɳĮҵѾһܵ£ֻѡˣҲܷƬɳĮܣӶ߳ȥ

Ͼʦǰء

.
ɳĮռ䲻ŲƱá

ĵȴһºڳǼĵطڳɹš

ҫ۵Ĺ⽫û

ۣĿ̡

վһƬУΧǲԴͦεӡЩӿƾ޴һ˺ϱ֣Ҷʵסա
ʪ

ƺûΣա踥Χֱ˰ͺģ˼ص

Ҷ紵ҡΣܺǰ



һҲͬİûײеˮʬҲûΣյĻأҲȷĵ·ʿ¶ɳĮ߰ǧ꣬ӴĿռԹ֮С

һصںδأ

踥۱Ҷסգȥ 

ͷ  

ûзɶΪǷǵһαסˡ

踥ڹ֮ھ
һ£ȥ  

Ҫʱ踥ֶסĵصͷ

裺ûô  

ϥһԾһ˲ɸߵϡֻôһ΢С͹𣬵ȴֻɵĺɵزһڽϿա

踥Ҳ̸ȥ

˷ֱ˵֦ͷϣ˫˫ͷ

룬˶Ĳƥһͷĺɫ󶴣Ϥһǿնһ˴ɫ˿˿ƴ䡣

һصͨطʽˡֻ֮С

ˣڲҲûг򣬸ôȥأ

.
˾Կܲ߳Ƭ֡

Ƭֺܴ죬Χдеӡ

ǿʿʬ塣ʬϵ˿Щ˲ʲôޣǱʿɱ

ζкܶʿþˣҲζҪСʿ  

пӿˡ
踥

ϻɫʵȥժ£ţ  

裺ʵĲ̫һж

踥ͷᣬЦҵûһٸġ
԰ɡ

裺涾

ܿף踥תѽʵǰһ⣬ϲζȻҵժ㡣

ĬĬҲϸϸ׽

ɳĮƶ񤣬򲻿﷨ûñٹȵѾܾûʳˡ

ʵеģ㣬Ȼֻȭͷôһ㣬ºƣǱ

׼ʱͻȻнŲ˶˶٣Լͬװûֵӣˡ

ɽŲشУȻǰˣһذѩ£һֻΧƤȹ¶ϰĺǾдڣȻ׼·

ٶһȴ˾ȻڳʵŲһգ̹˻
Ǻۣ

˾ȻˣһۣŷְתȥһɫµĽŮޡ

ÿתģסǡʥŮ

裺Ǻˡ

˻һ

ȻԷûϣȷԾʥŮ䵽µˣǰ˻ҲڶˡüһȻ鴫תɲ©һġ

ʥŮǵ÷𣿡Ŀע£վ˲ɸӹЩ̽һȥķҷƣ

ͷ

̽ͷСè֣÷ã

أ

ҸҸʥŲغͷɢˣʥŮáóǺٺһЦбֶϲӵɽ
ɽ׽գǻʵвУ

ʵǾͦóԣ 
ûڣڵ踥ðͺģۻ룬Ź

õɴۣôֻɽǶ㿴ëɫצоһͺ㣬ҽ⼦پ

˵Ȼ̶ʼë  

ܿ콫һֻ꣬ȻÿҶ֦ڵ˶ѻ֦ڻϿ

Ŀּ

úŵһЦô

踥ſ֦۵ȸ裬ȻʼС

Щͷԣ˼ǻˣ

踥ʵһ踥̽ÿ

踥żᣬڷõʱʵ££˵ʵǵģҲǵġ

һ׹ˣŵô

ɴۿ裺ʥŮͿ𣿡

ϥڿҶϣ鵭Įֻǿһۣһ䵭˿ûһ°ѷʣµĻҭȥˡ  

ðɣӲã紵ʲôʥŮϵôôöǼٵģ֪

ñߵٸɣ

һֻżԴĲ˹

÷Ӧץһ֦н֮סݵüûļӦؿֻ۾ļԴĬĬ

˷ֳһֻ  

踥ѹͷһӣ˵ɣʵʲôܡ

䲻һѷõĺëըձסˡ

ܣʲôܣⲻӵĹǸղѾһ˳Թһˣʲôܣ

踥վĸߴϢˣŷã¶һ˵΢Цǣɱ㡣

вķίؿ衣

ûзӦ

һκȷ˿ãͷģȴ򶨵ض踥˵ǺĻҾ͸ǡ

踥һǲˡ Ƴױ䣬̧Ʊõͷ 

в÷ͫС亮ƷǱˮͷ踥ͷֻһ˿ʱ
˵




59.   59    


Ʒɲʧ

ð, ֺõظЦλҲ߯ļˣ˵ˡ˵ĨĨͷ亹, ץ͸͸

踥Ƭ̻û, ͷشߴ٣˵

ֻô˵
һĴվ, , Ҫ˵ǹҲ, ɣʾһǾˡ

һš
̧̧, ƳƳϵʵʾ踥һš

踥һ, һһ, ϵʵ׼ȷ׹С

ҲûƤ¡  

ʵ̾

ղſǰʵʳԣͲӦǸս֪, ˵ܺǰʵ˭֪ɽ˵û̵һʵ

ϧغĦĵʵȻߵһԱߡ

졣

ú˺, ʵžһϡ

, ǿʵε𤸽, ֮, κα仯

踥
һڶ

ˡɫ֣أ˼

, ӸͻȻ̵ĹââʵܶȥʵҲ̹֡
Űžϸ, ʵѰ䣬һڴʵĵطƶ

ٶȷǳ죬һһ, ת˲֮䣬ʵѾƤʮɣȻԷǳɹ۵ٶȿʼô׳ձúͬ׳һ˺ϱ֡

踥𶯵ؿ᳤Ļ

֨
Ϊظּ䵹ȥ

˼һεĿռʵԼɱ¾

ʵϣϻ᳤ôҲ˵ֻҪռ㹻ʵܴһŵݣŵݾʵǵȥ
ȻҪϵĿնҪöʵ
죬ֻпʵҪռʵѶȿ֪
ʵܿ޵ġ
·Щʬ忴Ϊʵʿɱ¾Ѿʼˡ

û
ؾǻɱ
ÿ϶

ʵȻѾƭˣˣһЩ飬ֶɱ

ʥ˶ʱжڣͬڽؾͬҽ֮Ϊһ㡣
˵ڶ㣬ؾֻһҲ

ͨһص˶ۼǳ࣬ϵصһŵѾ˻ΧɱʿﲻǶ̥죬Ҳ˵Խ࣬ʵԽǿ

踥Щûʲô⡣
ʥ˴ֻܴһˣΪ˸Լᣬõɱʱ

̾ǰɱˣֹɱŵʿҲɱʥŮҲҪġ

ŲɹĳλУһΧɱඦķ˵ӣҲඦϵЩڡ

ɫȻһ䣺˵ʲô

ŵһ۾µصŲɹĳϡ

Ϣˣ˵ӿа

ҡҲ֪ñϵɱŵ΢΢£һĸҴսԶԶĿһ۾ˣ뿪ʱǻΧɱ˵ء

ǹȥڣ

ñͷ·

ǸвʱðּۻۣʥŮʵ̫̫ˣӶŵһգӦʱѾǰͷ·ˡ

.

ȫٸ·֮£һ˺ܿ쵽˷Ǹط

ܼžϺʬ壬ÿʬ϶ϣʬ彩Ӳ̶Ѿһˡ

ɨһۡ

ж϶ĺɫѪһֱȥ

ͷøӽƣһԲظѪ׷١

һ·ϣϵѪûϹĿҶϣ֦ϣа߰ѪʱֳּѪܵʬ壬Ŀġ
һ·ĺۼУԿɱ¾ңԼȺϵʿôҧ˲ţôӱɱġ

ʮ

ȻͣסŲ

ڱƻУ˵Ŷʮʬ壬ѪһϣԲѡ
ȫദˣѪȾһɼǵ˿ڣѪ

֮⣬Ǻĺð
ƺ̣ںðˮŵǣϵĿҶȻһƬððǵġ

Ҫˣ
ü״̶Ĵ𣬻Ʋû͡

˷˿ŻԲѵ˰ࡣ˵Ҳ̫ˣû¾ȻһɱôˣԭΪ˵ӿ϶ˣȻš

ߣ򿪹ιˮѡ

û

ԥ˵°ͣˮӲȥ

߳ˮˮӴЩˮƤϻʱͬպˮ

ˮ£˷Ӧ

ȿȡ
ųػƤģп轹۽࣬ҪǰʵģԼʶԺӰ

ӣټ¡
˺ȹߵס˼ͷ˿ڣȹ̫ͣûг

ʱ踥ʱһղŴʬķ˺ġ

л
˲Ҵò˵˿ڲסû̧ͷһۡ
Ѫֹס

ôΪộʡ

ʶЩģ˫۰أģ߽ҳһʵ£ҵڡ

ʵ

ǿԼ侲˼

ʦǰ׻Ѫŷ˷ʵԣȪʵĪ˰׻Ѫ  
ʦʥŲеõԵ᲻ʦֵĻԵ

һ̣ƺܵʲô۾ĿֱֱͶ踥еİ

ղһĸ·ʲôûˣ踥ھʬʱ˳ȡϵʵʬϵ·һ·ռһ

˱պ۾ֱֻỬ£ſ
ʵ𣿡  

֣踥ظš

⼸ʵһһι¡ۿɼģ˵Ѹٻָһ˿ڷֺϡ

ͻȻȡ

̧ͷһ

ƴĳ£ȣ׹ʱïܸǵ֦ҶճһƶûŨڵ׳䵽ϡ

ºͶְԾŽڣһֻֻȿֺ

ϵ¶ȳŵǿŴ׳ӣýð̣ϵĿҶѸٵȼ
æҵֿʼ˴棬ûܳɹۿžˡ


ܵؿ踥еİ

ȣҪʵ

ʾ踥

踥ȴûüҪȫԣ

裺ǡ

踥ؿûʵһģȱ̫࣬߶ȿܾ޷춴

ؿʹƺ߳

üиʵġ

ûأ

̫Ծڣûʵ֮䣬˸ʹ࣬ƤǺÿ¡

˼ѪĹؼڣɹʣٵûʵҲһ취ȥȸҡ

ʵҪҪҵͬҲҪҪƹء踥ͻȻǿ۾ء
ѡǰң

أҲֳȱȸҡ

踥˿Ĭصͷ

ڴʲôأ
ڴ˺֮ѡ

ʲôأΪ˵ħѪǵöʲôǡԲˡ

ʵַ˵òЩʵȻ;һжû˼͸ˡ
踥̧֣ӵ軳кһ仰Ҳû˵תˡ




60.   60    ׷˵


⿪, ʵι˳¡

ʵ֮˺ù࣬ιµʵԽ࣬ѪҲǣԽ, ¶ķϢʹøĻ鱻

÷·һ, ׷Ծûڡ

˶Ļ, ȵÿ, , ͸, ƺһԡ 

Եë׿ʼ籡ɫع, Щعһڡ

ֳ, Ũ̹𣬵ŶǺĿҶ úܿ, ת˲ֻ𺣡

뿪տյ, ͷһ  
أ

ãλˡ

ˣüĽ, ĸߣ
ղȫ, ȫû踥ʲôʱߵġ

ָָ򣺡Ǹ򡣡
Ǹ¡ܲҲ߰С˵

Ҫش, ͻȻһݣǰ־ͷ

, ΧʱࣵȼԶ΢ŵĽŲ

ɫ

˹ˡ

ңࡣ

ǸùմѪ֦, Էõ  

Կܾ̫ˣûȫһŻ˭ܰѻڱϡ
𺣵÷ǰδе, ûĻҲ˹ˣٵУұԲסʥŮһ 

ýŲһת׼һ֮ززȻûܼҲӭһȺɫƵʿ

ɫӲǲˡ

˵ߣ豳űվöͷǺˮ֪ΪȣǱĴŵð亹
ˣô찡ûűȺСˡ

ͷ˿裬Ŀ¶ޣʥŮ

֮ǰδ裬弫ʣһ۾ò˻ûеڶˡ

֦ǲ

ͷ˿нֳһʵź̾˿ϧˡϧµһ˾Ҫڴˡ

ϵʿһȫˣֳܹˣΧɱ˵ӵһ˼Ʋûѡ׷ɱˣȥһȱ

ΪֵĶռʵ·;ңԶڲŸϵ

ڸ·;УΪֺϻĵ˽ˡ

˾ֳȥʿȻһ춴

Ͼ˭֪춴ûһأһ¹ʹʿʵָǲƴùЩ˵ġ
õǿеĻᡣ

ͷ˾֣ɫȻض˵ԲǻųȥǵžҪ֮֡

ɱǣ

ɱ

ֻ𺣣Ũ̹

ɱ䣬أ˷壬ȾѪ֦ɱȥֻһУ֦ʹͷ˵ĺ

ͷͫ
س֦һˡ

ͷ˲Ѫӿĺ䲻Ǳ֦ͱô򵥣ǺѾȫ顣ԼѪȴô涼治ס󵹵

չֳ˳ʵֻһоɱͷˣûкˡ

ΧɱŲɹϣΧɱඦӣ̫ʥŮһϢȥǶ֮ء

û·

ɱۡ

֦

Ϊ걻ʴѩԶѰ۷ҪǿʦʮʱΪȼ棬֮ǰϰһֱϰк

Ľûж׸ĽУÿһжŶԷȥһɱСĽٵ˶ϢѹȸС

ķüӲˣҧҧҲս֡

ˣ
õޣƳգʿһ

ʥŮʮ˵ӣȫ˵ӣ۶ں

ϻ˰ù乭һֻֻʸ򱻰ɫعֵˡ

֦мʸ  

ʿץסᣬһĺġ

һĵýʵʵ˻Σһ˿Ѫתһ϶Է

ֻУɱ¾ԽԽʢ  

ӳ˵ͫףһͷͷɱ۵Ұޡ

ҲһűӣԼˣ޺޵һλҲ̫ƻˣһ֪Σգǰһܵˣ֪Ҳܵˣϧܵһڲ

·û̧ɱһˡ

Էʵ̫ˡ

ʹҲ֧Ųס¶ơ

ע룡˴󺰡

籡İɫعԽԽʢǹһ棬Ӵȣ

ã
ŷ˵а׻ѪĪѪ׼ˣ

ܹһصʿǱˣܿ


ʸ㡣

֦Ծ𣬽мʸն䣬һ֧ʸ룬ȴûй˵üԼ
ۿһ֧ʸƿնؿʱ

ড
Խķ쳹ֻ𺣡

飬Ӵİ׷ٿȻչ˫汬۶ļʸȿֲ¶ҲΧʿȫˡ

׷ȼŷŭĻ棬ŵϵʿǿ°棬Щ治ͨĻ𣬶Ƿ˻ڻдôõʿմת˲ճɻҽ 

ŵɫҰףæ㵽󣬽±׷ΪЩʿһģԩɱ

ɱеϵغϻʿ
׷˵ĺ죬  

ɵվԭء  

ȵ׷˷ɵ߿պȻ򡣰׷˻ɣǽǸ׾٣

һ
վڱؽ̿жţſյշŭĴ󺰡 

.

׷˵ϿշС

Ȼֻĺ죬Сĵûе⣬Ϊ͸ɺܡ

Ĵ๣Ŭͨһۣɹſڰ׷˵ıϡ

׷ȫȼܰ棬βǡ
ǣ貢ЩȣЩУомڵʴѩ


ķӭĳźŵ㡣

ڰ׷˱ץľŵ²Դ񺣡

ֲ춼ûַ߳ΧƬ񺣵Ĺ̶Զηӿ޾һֱӵؾͷ

׷˷˰ŷɳ񺣷Χ

Խ񺣺󣬵³һƬصĿҽӣȵҽʱл潵 

ٷɹƬҽӺ󣬵ֳһƬɫ½ء

ɫ½شݲһſż޴ͩÿͩ϶һֻӲӵĽڣҲӲӡ

Щڶϣ̧ͷ׷˷ɹԴտŰ׷ƶ

׷ͣߴһͩϣȻͩϵĴڴһܣ񳲸ռˡ

߿
׷˲س°ռĳ˽ȥ

ԼİɫСˣ̫ʱˣɫСֿ̫ӣֻǿˡ

վС

׷վڳıأ˫צץ֦޴ͷ­ս裬ƯķһգգؿԴԽԽ⡣

˫Ȼмˣ峺ξϪˮصӳӰ

ӣ
ͷ̽

׷˺޷Ӧ

ףǼѪʱΣ׷ǰƼѪתûȫɹ˵ǲѡ

׷˷ǳ

еҪʳʵ

ԼسеСˣΣա

ٴһΰΧͩϵĽҲȫˣ÷˻ͩҸȼΧĽĵ̣ɿ

ǰ׷ֿһۣŲĵطˡ

ϣȥġ

Ȱ׷˸Ӳģشһড
.

׷뿪̾˿ھ޳УҲûȥѰ뷨
ϾûҲʶҵĿԼͣ

迿ǽһߵĳϣĿȴ

ڳø첲ֵ֦ģʮּӲŲ̫⡣
ڵİ׷ˣҲڵǲӰ踥

໡
´һĽл

һֻ˳ĽڵͷԴϵëͺˣ໽Уһֲҵӡ

໡
ͷֽһ

迴΢΢

ʵҪһػиǾǽڣŽڽǸ춴С
Щڴҽӵһû£ɹҽӣֽڣԾһ

Ȼڲͬ˼˰׻ѪҪ׾١

ֻ踥ȥ

໡

ͺͷڽָ£һ߽һ˴³ʹǴ𣬽˺ܾöûҪͣ˼豻еöʹ

ֻöǲôǻỹ㡣

໡شһָµС

Ұ׷˺ܿͻسˣ׺ظֻĽڣĵͷֱϳزŰݹ鳲

ģͷɢȥиһ˿ǳЦԭʦֻ˺˻ˡ׶




61.   61    Ի


׷˺ܶʵ, ͷǷڳȻ跽ơ

һţɵҳԡҰæ׷˲˵, ֻ, ֻܲ²⡣

߿
׷С

˼, ʵǰ, ְݵԱߡ

׷˵ͷ, Դֳķơ  

˼Ǹҳԣ

߿׷˸˵ؽ  
Ա, ЩʵȫǴɫС˵ġ

һ, ʣö˵𣿡

߿
ö, Ǳʾ϶ 

˼·ϣ;ͨɹ׷˱ϣٽڵı֣²ԷȻ, Ļöġ

һգûʵ, ͷͨԴȥ𣿰ͺǵǸһͬþĲˡ

ʱ׷˺, һԡ

˵ÿڸ, ͺģСʯƬڴ֦ϻ, ûʲôӦҲûһ

ΨеķӦߵ߶, ͷñʯķ۳ȡ

ˡ
һں, Ҳˡ

ߵ޳Ե£˼Ӧô죬а˿ǵʵⲻԾս

׷˼, ʵҪιҶ£ֶԷǳִţԾͲݣֱιһιһš 

ౡ׷˺⣬ֵһι

轫ʵһſȫˣ׷ƫͷüղ˲ڿ佱ԡ

ëĶˣָ̧ëǳϸů⡣

ʱ׷һŵĳǨ 

ڶհ׷볲ȥһ񺣡 

ΪڵİΣȥǰ԰ڵĽȫѵһ١

ֺЦεһĻˡ

бŹĿÿյȰ׷֮ͷɵϣվ໵л˻ߣƺʹǴ

Ǻ˰׷ʲôʱڰ׷˷ɻ֮ǰһֻֻȫɤߣȰ׷뿪Ŷӹ

պܲˡ  
оҹ˯ʱﶼ໵ĺС 

ĳ˴ķ·ƵĹָԶĽǣƽظ״ÿε֮󣬷ɹҳ֡

׷תͷ

ԶĽ
׷ð׹⡣

ĽǱ׷ʹŹһ٣׹ˣˡ

ըһ߲ëһֻֻͷ֦ϣȣżýӲӵӳһۣͰ͵ġ

һ˿Ц⡣

ʥŲеĻþʵ鶼ûв

һȥ

űȦ

׷ÿ춼볲ȥһ֣ʱÿζʵʱ׽ԡ

ڵͩλúܺãԶһ̶̶ˮкܶͳªĹͷ㡣
Щͷ㳤óªϵζЧΪܿͻָˡ

.
ҹͩľ
Ǻͷ˶˯ˡ

ȴ˯ţھ޳ıԵͷңԶĻ

Ǹ춴ԶԶֻ֥ܿһ㣬쿴Ǻ֥飬ҹΪнɫ£ǷŽɫ֥顣

ǰ컹ҹ趼ǱߣûʵݽǸ춴

׷˲׼볲볲ץҲӲһȥ񺣣ʲôˣֻܼڰ׷ʳ󣬰еʵˣ踥޷뿪һþ

лǡǸˣ޷¡

ʱţֵҲԽԽ

ҹĻʹ
׷˯úܳظź΢΢޴ûгֻķ

̾һḧϸȵëʦָ֣Ǻòá
һ᲻ŵ̾ɢҹ 

ҹˣҲ˯ȥ

ûǣ˯İ׷˳鶯һ£Ͻɢ͵İɫع⡭

.

ڶ죬豻ϸ紵ѡ

û׷ˣû⣬Ϊ׷ȥһˣȻھ޳һ˿˻Եˡ

˾ָˣ

ͷһ̿첽߹ȥȫȡ
ӣоôĴ

˼ѵسſ۽ޣܡ΢ŨŨ  

û˵Լܣǰ±ȶʱ˿ȥ첲ݺͶ̸ЦھȻ׿˵ܣһǷǳʹˡ

жʱȥ̶׽㣬Ƭ̡
̶еĹͷЧܻܲȣ

Ҫߣ
ٿȻס֡

յû̿ƵĴֽץģյðˣȴܴȶȼֱҪˡ

Ҵҽ̶ͣˮеӦЩ

Ҫߡ˴Ϣżֵɫ̺죬Ŭſյɵ۾ÿüëš֡

˶Ƭ̡

еĴ˲ЭˣãҾ㡣

ڵϼѵذ𲱾۾ȷƬ̣ĵػԹȥ

ƽת
Ŵŵž

ͩǱڻͺ˵ĹϵûҶӣһ꣬ڵûУ޾žҽ޳УҲҵԵϡ

˱Ͳ԰׵ƤܵԽ԰ףպûа˿ѪɫëĵԽںڣƵĿţ΢΢

ʵҲܵĶھ޳У˵ԴŲԼϥͷϣȻ΢΢ӣӺꡣ
Ҳڳⷽ簲

ɳɳ¡  

ȹʧԣûմˮʪˣ͸ʪϣͷ󱳴Կɫĺǣڷѵࡣ

ûͣ˼

¹һһҹҲȻ¡

ŵһҲδ뿪˯ʱҲ˵ƣֻͷ­£۾΢ء

֪˶ٴ

ۣľ˯ŵ衣

Ѿʪ͸ڷѩ׵ϣˮѵزͣʣëҲ׺Ө飬ż˳ŽëһΣϡ

۽ޱҵһ
㱼䣬ݳʱΪħѪģ

ʱҲҲһξӨҺУֻȵģǱġ

ȻǱĺݺһ¡

ǻụ̀Ҳü٣ʲôʺ֮Ķ

˱˱ֳۣʪ֦Ϊ赲ꡣ

豻Ķѣˣ

û˵ͷע

˫۱ͳγͬϪˮϪˮ·˳Ҫ
ʥŮҿԻ𣿡

һû뵽ѻ˵Ȼ

衣
ỽһ˵ͣŵ̾Ϣζ

ԭΪС΢ʧ䡣
ѾܾáûʦֻСˣС
ǰʦֻСŮͬƺȻҲһ

˸ջδʣиֵǣӣ𶯣ȥµˮ̶׽β

ȴסԻ𣿡

̧
ƺʦ֡˵־׽ĳƺԶȸĸ˸ס

ˡ

ڶ˵ĺƷ£޾ĻϲӿͷŲĿ⡣
ٶ˵仰ͻȻʹԴƺһ 

Ƴ֦ϣ԰ֱ 

Һ񡭡Ҫʧȥˡ

δ籡ɫع⣬ع⽥𽥼޳˵䡣Ƭ̺󣬹뱬׷ٴγ֡

׷˳ֵɲǣˮȶת˲Ҳøˬ

߿
ͷǵüղԴǵҪȥ׽㣬̷ͩȥˮ̶׽ˡ




62.   62    ûб


׷׽ķʽֱܴ, ֻǷɽˮ̶Ȼ󱬷˻

˻ޱȣ, ̶ˮ๾ҷ, ˮ, , ٹһ, Ĺͷʬһȫ, Ưˮ档

ͩ¡

ʱ, һ񵽰, 裬๳ʬ»棬һعͷת˲ýãڡ

裺лл

Ҳȷʵýʳˡ
ûй׷˵, ЩڽĿ㣬ڵһ

׷˲ֻʵ, Ͷһƺĳִ, ڵϽʳʱ, ſһ߳ͷ, סˮ

̧ͷ԰Ҹæ𣿡

߿
ͷ

.
ƣ
߹ķ˻ľԼһ޴ʵͩľ  

̫, ɴԼצӣڵצͣӲͩľצ·, ɾͱͳпա

豧ĳġľͰ̶дͰˮ

ڰ߿̶ˮһͷ㼢̰ض, ۺɭɭ޲ҧɹǼܡ
ں̶ĹͷֻǼСһ֣дͷ̶ˮҷȫˡҪΪ־Ϣһϡ

赱Ȼ¼㣬ûҪץ㻹Щ鷳

ˮԷ˵԰׽Ҫġ
ʦֲ֪ʲôʱٻָΣʱϴָȲ˵״̬ĻҪ

ھ޳Щ㣬ʦ´ֲ뿪ЩͿóˡ

߿
׷˺ϣͷˮѵˮһ̽ɾһĹͷ

̶ĹͷǻûüӦʱ৵˼£磬ת˲䰶߾ȫǻž˦β㡣

ֹˡ
ٶľͰˡ

Щͷּϰ󲻸ҧˣȫ׷ҧ

˼ǸҧŭһڻȴΪҪ㣬ʲԸصǣ˦ͷˤ
飡
ֻһ£ЩͷͷĹͷͱҵð

˸߹ŵ飬ͩ￪ʼ˦ͷ㡣һĻð˻سݷˣΪؼʿĶҪϡ顣

û

Щͷȷʵʢˣп裬һЩ

йͷ㶼ҵðǵβͰһŵľͰȻͷһͩϵĳ

ࡣ

һ¾ûͣ˼

Ϊа׷ڣǸȵġ׷޶˺ܶڵëѣ֦͵ľ޳ͱˡ

ҹˣ

豻ѹظë£ǵʵʵԶҲҼһֻͺڣеЦһţתš

ܸ̬ʦһ𣬶˵ǺܶҲľ

踥ʼѹͷһʯͷ
Ĳټ踥ʱ˴

ͷ̾Ϣ׼˯ȥ

顣
ձ۲ã񳲵ײһ졣

мۣѰˣһΪֻˮͰйͷQ

۾

飡
һ

ߵ˳سȥ
ֻ£踥վҹɫУһСʯ׼ӡ

ɲǼ

˻ָǴҵ踥ҲȰ˺ǲæѰ踥ȴδ踥Լ  

Ҫ֪˷ֱĵطǳңԶǷҲ죬񺣸Ǹһʱ̵ҽӡ
޷踥ôڼڴôɹҽӵġ

踥Ҳ˳ߵ衣

ҹɫĻС

һͷһͷŰ׸ߵͩ߾þԡ

鴮¡
Īʱ·ֹˡ

ݾֹܿ챻׷˷ŭơ

Ȼͷ׷˲֪ʲôʱӴӰվͷųµߣŭطһȻſ˫·ȥ

ȵȣ
æסβ

̫ˣû㣬ûסˣһͬɳУȥ

ƽء

Ѿ踥ͩв

˵ǲʵֻһһܣ踥ûȴܿ·˵Ļ

ˡ轹ȡ

а׷ְ׷˶зӦƺŭˣûĺֹĻûл踥ϵķ˻ʢһȦҲʼðȻſ๡

Ҫ˻ˣ

Ϥ⸱ģͫ

Щ˻ճɽ̿ʬԺ֡

踥ûбþؿˣ˵ķ˻ɱǾǻޱȣѺ޷ܵ¡
Σͷǰ˻Χ̫޷踥ֻܿܵ踥ǰ

ȿֲ˻ӿ
ŷپһеơ

Ȼ˻ûյ裬Ϊڻ漴ɲǣ踥ٿȻת˸з˻˾ļ

Ȼֹͣ

ָֻͩţֻ

踥ſ裬ûЩһ˻ճɽ̿ҲˣѪŽζҹƮɢ

ͫҲţþû̧ͷ

û
ǰʦ֡

˵Ǽٵġ

ʲô˻мƣҡ̧䡣

ʶˡ踥ǸؿЦЦ

迴踥类ܵ÷׵צۣŽڶɹҽӣ

š
踥˫ϸ΢Ѫ˿ɳƵԲʱ뿪صԭʱѾˣֻʣ±ɲкֺһؽʬʱֱ޷ݣԺһƬհס

߲ݵظ·ҽӰ뾡취ͷڹɽڶɹҽӡ
鼱֮²˵ˡ


Ĭõķ

ûٹ踥ҲûֻǷɹϷȥ

ڵ޷Υ˵˼ֻҴҶ踥һ䣺ˮ̶ˡͱ׷˵ŷ

踥û˫վԭͷĿ뿪

ص޳е豻˰˯

ظëھ޳Ͽһ۵µ踥һĴ㣬ȴְ˻ȥֱȥ

ʱ׷˲˵һһ˫۾ض

Ҿվڱϣȥ
߿
ô
߿

̽ٴٴαһѹ˻ȥ

ڽϵΣֻϨͷڷ±ۣȻ󿿶͸ֱµĶ  

Ųߵˮ̶ߣƺץ˼β㡣

ڰͣһŲԶȥֱԶʧҲûл

һ

踥Ȼܽڣζܿ뿪þǼûԷýڴ뿪ȥ춴

ڲǵڶþ˵踥ǰӦڵþ֮ܵˣ뿪

н꣬ȥ¿ĺȴ೤ڳһ·˯һ㡣 

ʱҹй÷⻺ò׵ȷٴ˯ţᶯӷ˶Ǹ 

֦ϣûһ֦ȳСġ

վڳȥ

¿һˡ
ֻбˮŢĽء

سȥ

ҹɫ΢΢ףڳߵָսδӦʱ

ڵĻͷŲԶһڵͩ

ΧƤϰ
ǰͺģ踥лһ֦ͩĵ͡

վڳɫ׵踥ЦЦ˸ͣҲˡ

ָָ
ȥɡ




63.   63    Ľ


Ϊ踥˻Ĺϵ, ׷˲踥̶Էͩֻû踥ҪԻҹ, ˭Ȱʹ

һ, ׷˶û볲

踥Ҳͩĺ̶ûŲط  



踥ϥˮ̶, ֱͦ, ˳Ź⻬ɫ, ɫ̷ʪ, Ƶ, 㲻

ͷ·Ƕѩ, ͩҲϳֻרĵص㡣

ķʽܶأ˦첲ˮһľͷ

̶еĹͷΪľͷǵ, ͸ը˹һ갢Ͱҧľͷ, ˮžҷ, һͷ޲÷

Ȼ踥ʩʩȻ׳ߺ͹ӡ

ɫĵڰлһ, ;׼عסһĹͷ㡣

ŵ˹һ˦, Ĺͷͱ˦˰ϡ

踥û¸ɣ;㿾, ϵͷˮ̶Ȧÿˮ̶ľͷЩͷ㻹ÿζϵ, Բˬ

߿~
޳У׷ڿסˣƵĽ, ٲĵض踥볲

Ŀ뿪ȷ˵ӰʧʺԾͩ踥ȥ

ϸļ⻬ûа˿˺ۣѾȫָͷ⹦Чܲ 

踥Ҳصתͷ˵Ŀⴥʱȴס漴װȻŲߡ

ڴ裬û˷˵ıӻȫܵʪ͸ѩȹϣǸģʥ˼ҲöһģƫƫԷɫƽһ߹

ýëצģ
ؿ͡

踥Ŀбӣţ˼ڵķٰһצӡ

Ľڿһ˲

𣿡踥ͣת

ͷá

踥õǽڻ𣬹߾ͩľЩܾͩסںͷ˵ĴݲУգʹҲû⡣

ѩڹй෭
ڵʱ׹С

Զ踥ͷõ룬̵ü棬ͷû̧һ¡

迴΢΢

踥ָݣʦӦٰٻǰŮװ踥ûпʦ֣Ҳֲ

踥ûκΣʦֻΣ£γȡ

ڣ⵶δ

ģ·˳۵ģˡ
ܿ踥õֻ״ľ룬Էŵľõò˼顣

̶ˮϴľмʢ

һڡ

踥ǲûζúȣûΣֻҽ¡



겻ʳȣζѰ˳ԵĲƫ̡κελϵҲùڹѵ
ο⹷ͷڸпѩ֬㣬ˬִеԣǶء

踥˿̣ϲͺá

һʱľ벻ˣ˿ںһѩڣ
踥ʲô㣬㼱ȥ춴𣿡

Ȼ뾡õҪǡô룿

΢١

ʥŲ̫Σˣϣ踥һ㣬ʦ뿪ʥŲء

ɲܣڶþ֪ȥķ

ֻ踥÷˲ʱ뿪춴ǻķ԰ȫĵڶ㡣

ֵֻķ˻׷춴
ǻ½þ̫Σˡ

˼ȥ軹Ǿȵȵȣǵȷ˵ӻָǺ㣬Σ

踥ﶪ˿ľͷаȻϡ

֮ǰָһΣӦúָܻܿǣ̫á

Ŷ

㡭ǲ𣿡

ûУгûΣգȼʲôϵ͵Ϣˡ踥ʼ磬֦һ»̿

Ϊʼյͷü

踥жʱסľ֦ϡ

Ѷʮǰ˷ŭԭ򣬹Լ޳ܷӦ̫ðͻºò׻͵Ĺϵֽһ۶Ҷ࿴

ž˺ܾá

軹ڵظҲʶ⣬踥һѵΪ

ͷԼһۣԼ䣬ѩֱһ˲ٱʱʪֱۣ͸ɴ

ڣʵ̫׽
ûҲûκڱҲ֪ô졣

Ĭˣ

Ƭ̡
踥ȥ

ûã踥һѽӲӵĽëǽϵëҪķ

ɨһȦûκ˿ڡ

֪踥û½һͷڣôٶȻЩﲻԡ

踥ƦЦЦɣҸûڴܡ

εõЩ𣿡

Ҵһͷڡ踥һ߹ЩӲӵķһ߽͵ǰץһͷڶɹҽӣȥʱõͰˣڰ

㣬ҾͰͷϵ㹳ǴŪģڻ𡣡
ȡڻҲףŪðѣŭسʱľͷѻסһȭͷΡ

գգۡ
Ϊϰ׷˾Ѿܲˣ踥ƺҵ㡣

ͷӦѾͺ˰ɣ

迴Щ޴ĽɫëҪʲô

֪ˡ踥ЦЦ˵ڣΪ˱ķٴη㻹ȥɡ

ðǰ鷵ʱӦҪһŻ

ǻȥˡ

Ƭ̣˾Ļˣʱٱǰһ롣

İ׷˼ԹԴڳڣ˵УȻʵڳУƸԡ

ĪκС

ָое͵ȻƵɷ򿴵׬ӵӹҡҡͷֹԺ

ڷ˲վڳ߿踥
һֱ֪踥ʲôֻͨĶֱûٵ㣬һֱľͷ

ֱڶշٴ볲֪ʲô

һɡ

ʮĸͩľɡǣʮڷɵʵɡ棬Ӳӵɡڳڵͩľɡľ»

ſɡɫëͷչɡҫ۵þһ̫

ɡþ̧ͷɡһˮ䲻ëзˮЧˮɡϻ

踥ԼΪԺЦôûаɣ 

֮һЦţҼÿɡ

踥ЦɱˣڵĶ˶٣ϲͺãʹ뿪Ҳˡ

裺лл

踥ͣˮ䣬۾̫ӣɡ߽ɡһͷһɡ

踥ȸԾؿʼը̻
ɡΪ˲꣬û뵽֮ľϲ

˲̶ˮߣһɡ踥ľͷըˣ͹ؾضŵʹ 
Ļհû˿˵еĬ֮ʡ

˿Żصϡ

ʱɡ踥踥ϣǱɡسС

һ˴⡣

׷˲֪ôɡ踥ģһ¾ŭˣҪɡá

豧ɡˣܿ˰׷˵Ļ

һٶӴ̼˰׷ˣŭطȫȼգȵİɫع⣬ۿҪɹ֮ʣâȴȻ䣬ֻʣ»ָεڳС

šüͼ

æȥ

˼ѵ۽ޣƣ裿
ûзʱڵļ䣬ļͣϴλָεʱ򣬲֪ղŲ֪踥ɵİͺҲˣʹ¡

裺оô

ϴκһЩ˲ģЦЦȵº̺˫գ޷ء

Ʊϴʱ󣬴Ŵŵˮҵϡ

ɡߣղ߹ʱûз£ֻڷ˵ʱһߣſɡͷꡣ

˿ɡĿȻס

ɡ
֪ΪʲôɡʮֲؿӿǿҵĲƵļʺͷŭ
ſʹ࣬Ҳü٣籡ع⣬Ȼٴλ˵ơ

ͷһɡС

踥·˹ȥסɡѱӳɡʹΣǲЦ 

Ȼʲô¶˷ڵһλ 
˼üʲôʹ

޳УûɡĴ̼˺࣬ʼšüͷ˼ԼΪλˡ
ͩˣɡӦԼģôῴ˳һɡѵ̰ϴΪʱģ

ܴ󣬸ʧȥյ˼ͩ»и˶û 

ĪΣС

İ֮˻ᱻߵΣС

ŵȻɣʵǸжˣһԼ⣬ͻжϴξ˸˶Ա˴˵ĳƺ

βϾֱֱӱ⡣

̧ͷס֣ɫ֣أˮγ裬һ仰㣬ҡ

ʶĻǲǶˣ

˶Ƭ̣ҡҡͷܼᶨذʣµĻ˵ԽĽ㡣

Ӻһ£˼ɲǱÿհס




64.   64    Ұָ


衭

, ¾۽  

˷ãȻްϲ֮⣬ͷһ, ҵЩɬ֮Ҳ

  
εƽ׽, ݳʱϧΪħѪ, ദʱĴϸġһеһ, ѵǳŮ֮ĸ飿

ˡԭúͻȻ, ֻеԵ, ûŪ

Ŀڲ³
̶ؿʹ, ָоʮİ, ȴʮǿҡ

ûйϵھ͸һӦɤ磬ɿ, Ҫ˯һˡ

˳ǳЦЦ
֪ԷҪ϶˼˵ԼҪ˯һᡣ

û뵽ۺʧȥʶ, ԽԽ, ȵ֢״ԽԽҵơ

Ҳ˲ŪԼ, æ֮ǰˮͰеĹͷ㴦һ, ȻˣŪһιߣ, һڡ

ղŻֹݵѾպͿˣѺ󲻽û۽ޣԵذͷŤ˹ȥ

ԡ̺, ΢ơ

ʶ˵ӵ˿⸱ӿ»𾪵Ӷɳ⻹Ƿ˵

һ٣ְιʧѪɫ촽Աߣ㲻ϲ𣿡

˽ṵ̈ͷŤһߡ

˼ζûܰιȥ, ˺ģӲιȥܵؿ˳

ֻܷȻŰ˼ʵιŹԹȫˣ״˺ܶ࣬üĿչ˯ȥ

˵άգҲڳա

պ˱ذ׷ˣȻڳ˯óõķת䣬ٵˡ

迿ųرϥ

գûŪԼ

ѵǰĽʦֵʦҲϲѵһֱϣԸʵΪʲôһҲϲ

ãȻؿǰĿûо۽µһʧĲ԰״ż

˲֪ãվ⡣

Уµ踥̶ߵ㣬ȫĹͷ㣬߰һء

Щͷ㶼ûδһˮ͵úܣڵϵŲţȫȥ踥

踥.ļѾ

һͷҧ࣬һͷĵøҧż򣬲βݽҧסɫ⡣ʿûôҧ˰ֻгѪۡ

踥δϹš

Ŀơ

ǰ踥ʱһһҹĽɡڵϣɡ潦㡣

ͩ

ǰȥͷһ踥ժ

ϲóԸ
踥ϥֱͦƽĿˮ̶ûпһۡ

費𻰣ǰѽɡ̶ˮгϴɾŵʯϣȻʼ⡣

ַ죬踥ҪɾĶࡣΪҪֲϣҲ㡣

踥ûԭǶȼŽڻѾˡ
һ֦ȥͩʽڽ

ڶ·ˣ֪Ƿŵģٻ֮£÷ѹ˻


ڻȼգͷҲýִ࣬˱ǡ

踥Ķ棬Ĭ

㣬ȴû˼

踥Ͳסʲôôȥչĵӣ
Ҫװ⣬˵Ļȴˣһͺˣ޲ʻȥ

Ѿɷ̬Ҫչˡ䣬˿

踥ơ

ţֻĽ

ͷ㳹׿ý죬Ƥִ࣬费ǣ

踥ǲҲ

ѹֵ踥һ¾ըˣЦȻվԣµûҲϲ㣡Ǹ˻Ǿķ

δ̼ˣžһ仰

˱ʱϸȴ·ڶŵ˷źݻ
ȻֻԼ֪ǻǿŶҵ÷·ҪӺֻԷһ仰֮ܶ

ԾͷؿɵҡǲҲԡ

踥˲佩Ӳʯ
̶죬ټ̶߳ŭ

˭ҪԣԸƨ
ݺݵһ߷սľ̿Ȼתһˮ̶

һӦذѿõ㶪ˮ̶

̶ȫǹͷ㣬ڰϻãˮбͷΧĻᱻгˡ
ͨһ£йͷ㶼ȥҧ㣬ô˻̶ˮС

̶ˮ

ȥûп踥Ӱֻȥ

ں̶ԽˮԽģͷӰԽ٣εһʱͻȻо´ҵˮͬʱǿҵѪζƮ

ɫ΢䣬ӽ̶ȥ

һֱǱһĹǱ̶ס

ֻڰ̶ͷޱȾ޴Ĺͷ㣬һҶһ¶棬¶ĲʮɳӴˡϢϾѾˡ

踥ڹͷʬԴϡǰͺģ踥ԼģаĺڷƮɢʵԣˣһ޷

ͷ

Ȼˣ

踥̧ͷ˫ÿĶǵҲ̶֮׻мɵͻȻܿƵƮ̶ףֱƮ踥ϡ

踥̾Ϣſ˫۱ס

Ҫϲòáһͷ

ûлش踥˫սļͷ˵һ飺Ҫϲòáòﰧ󣬼ʹʯĳ˶ᶯݡ

費ʯĳļ

ڵĵһ䣺ָˣ

ղ踥ӵסɲǣҲڣůɺ˵

踥Ŀһۣǣָˡα̼̫ͻĽơ

ѻֹ˻ȥܸܶණϲҰɣ
ҪʲôҶ㣬òãջұջ·˵ĺ飬Ҳ·ܰκҪĶѵǰ

費֪ΪʲôûһھܾĬһ£˵ȴʥŲл˵ɡ

踥Ʒһ仰ˣ˼ǣǻ뿪ʹӦң

ĮҲδ˵


ܷ˵𣿡踥۽κһ˿仯

þõĳĬ

᲻᣿

踥ֻ˻᲻᣿ܡ

豻ʵķᣡһ˵Լͷ©һġ

Ҫܾʦ𣿣

踥һҫЦݣã㡣
ֻҪͱһԵȣзǳ¿Եȡ

뿪ˮ̶

踥ֱذͺģ

ֹһ죬ѹ

׷ܲͬһһͶ޲ڹŷΪǸ󣬾ϲ׷̬Ѿָǡ

º˵ķѪȫͨл̬
踥Ű׷ˣڵڶʿ𺳵Ŀ£춴þ

þʯ֡

رһ޴ֻ̣Ҫߴһʯͻըѡײʽǡ

Ĳþˮ
һþǳ˵ķѪ˺ܹؾȡʥ˴УȻ󷵻صڶþ

踥㡣

ΧѾûʿˣ踥ԼΪһٴء

ԽԽѣʹ踥ҲеҺϵĽҲˣһһ㡣

һƬ޾ĿտԭҰ

ʹ
ߵķʴ

ҰĴһڹ餣Ավһ׷ԲԵȣĿ

ˡ
һָǣָߵ餱ڣнɫŹһȦȦ

ǵһɳĮռԹǵڶĲԴ񺣣ʯ֣Ĳˮÿһ㶼߽ɫ

ǵԴһ۹餵ָǡ
һеʵҲ

ȹҰķ紵Ʈ伹ͣȴ·ذǿݺӡ
һʹʵϣ費ڣڼɲʦġ

ȵҪǿģΨСʥˡ

ʥˣ
ͷ𺳵

ʥûʱ˭ΪȻûлŵʥˡڣһλʥ˻վǰһϢȥ˻ضᷢ

˫ۡ
˫ϵǳ䣬΢ЦŶ踥
˰

עǺε𺳺;̾·𿴵Ĳһն񾳵ͨʿʲô˼飬ôڵĶ

踥˭Ҳʶ㡣

Ϫ

ŹȺµ踥˸̬һ˿ϵ˼£ˣۼһ桭
΢Ц˵

ҲܱǸҪȡ




65.   65    Ѫ

ˡ
, ռ䷢ƬĻڳѹ

踥оεĴ߬˾ѹ, Ƥ, ëѪ, Ҫѹ顣

踥ڵ, Ѫ۾ؿ, Ѽ֣⡢

ĺѱ, ΢, ȻȴС, Գ棬ʥ˵Ľƣ˲ӳ졣

踥ʥ˽³һѪ

̧֣貵ӺɳХŷ, ת˲ǶƬĻ, ȻǶȻ  

䣡䣡䣡
һȼյǶ,   

Ϫʥȴԭʧ, һ˲, Ȱ

䣡
ȼյǶ·۾ת˲ȥ

ؾ, ײ಻ÿһӺɳǶǵһ, ؿѣҽӿ̦ĶҰת۱һ

踥ſ, Ĵܳ߾еָǡ  

ڼָǵɲǣٿȻ÷飬Ƭ⻪䡣

ϪʥŹȲ첽

ÿһȵ״ŵͷһ΢ġơͬʱεĹֽ

踥ٴ飬˿Ѫ

踥̾ϢǿҪֿˡ

踥زǵѪߵҲûȫʢʱڵʥʵ
뿪Ҹúôһ

οռѹҲ˲ˣɫ԰ȴᶨ˵
Ҳߡ

Ϊɹһ١
Ȼû뵽һٵԴһλʥˣһݽԴǸϴ˵еϪʥˡ

ʹʥˣҲ

ʴѩѩųϪʥײȥ

踥Ӧ죬̶Ϫʥ飬Ϫʥ˶ʱεԭأֻѩɫײ

ץλᣬƱƳѪü䣬ʴѩѩɫ潫Ϫʥû  


踥λ˻Ρ
ܣҪסʥˣɻǳ£踥ֻٿȻ顣

ϧˡ
ѽϪʥ˵

뼫  

˺󾱺ë

ס踥ˡ

ճɽ̿Ϫʥ˻վǣƤڣȴϼһˮ壬һϼָת۱ 

Ϫʥ˵һۿ裬ݴͰ΢Ц߾Ļ˵ܽ

˵Ԥ׵ر

踥ҲĿ¶׹Ҳɱȥ

ת˲ǧΣռǱ˺ٵĲƥֵƣ˵Ӱ۸׽

Ϣ֮˵Ӱٴα貶׽

Ļ£˵踥׹䣬īƮ裬Ѫ䡣

ϪʥԸ߿׷һµ踥ȥ

ɣ

˾

ǧһ֮ʣһֱԹսٿȻա

ɽɢ˿˿ƵϢһѾĿռٴαݺ𵴡  

Ϫʥصһƣͺݺɽ֮ϡ

䡪

ɽʥʥʹãȻܺؽʥ˵һƣֻǸն񾳵ʿ֮ĲϣʹײĿռ𵴣Ҳ㹻ɱ衣  

ݿɽֳ衣

⵽ƻϢ֮ʣĶͻȻһ貽â

ɲǼ䣬ؼžʧɫ


žһɳƾС

û֪ǲֹǵǰ벽ʥˣ츳˸һƷӡǿâ˱ͲȫʢʱڵϪʥˡ

δ

Ҳ֪Ϊʶзӡһʶǿƥɱ¾ֺݺϪʥһǡ

Ϫʥйʱǿ۷塣

ǽǿ۷ʿ

λʱǿ߸յһν֡

̫ѩϥĳ۵³һѪ˫ۣⰵʥˡ

飡
踥ڰе裬һݺ䵽ϣ󶴡

ϪʥҲڿ

ǧâᴩÿڶ©⣬˿ϡϪʥڵϺǧâظķѡ

ʥ˾ʥˡ

ʹʱʴ˥ˣҲôױɱģ䶯޸ֻһĹ򣬾ȱ

ʱһֱûгҲûжڸмûеķβٿȻѸײڶ֮ƣһھ踥ԼߵĹ餣Ȼβһ˦츳ͨ

մ

βǷӴܡ

ڵþ֮ʱβѻָˡֻǰɳΣټ£һֱһڷϡ

β쵽㣬Ҳ벻Լô󣬾Ȼʥ˵Ƥӵ´£βԾ󣬲ͣЪƬ̡  

ҵС

ϵľִŨĺڰץһץסββͣ

ۿβ㼴ק뿪գβ¶⣬ٴηһա

βڡ

ڴŻѪȫѪҺȾ졣
Ϫʥ˵һ鸮飬Ʊ鲼ӤҪ

衭  
踥ָҴ

Ϊ߸ĽʥŮŻǱȰˣ̫ߣΪܺõǸָǡ

תơ
踥תƵԼϡ

ȻΪʥζս׷ɲˡ

תơ

תơ

踥λûܳɹסѪֳܵĬصͷ̵һεϣŭüҪ۷ȥϪʥͬھ

ȻΧ

ǷβǴгȻ³

踥裬ûܵκεѾСķβѪڵϣƴС㾹ֻʣ°ز˿شϢš

踥ס벻β´ġ

سſ۽ޣĿⴥβʱҵز˲ָᶯ

踥׶˼β䵽ĻС

մѪָ£סβ㣬Ȼͷ­䣬ʶڰ




66.   66    Сϱ


۽޼ѵز˼, ڳ

͵ĳӿУ˲伤ˮ˫˫մˮ

  

ңԶ, ʮİ, ƺǡһֽмķ˼ݣ

ڴϾ롣

˻дˬԼԼڼС
ла, Ҽҹܺת, ֻĸ, ҷ˲ӡ

ˡ

ѽ, лҿɶ, κǼҹ, ȫҵľˣһֻĸѡ谢ĸͷڼҸ˵㶼𣿡

лл谢ҡһͯŽʵʵĹ

ڣֳԼ

δй, ʹ򵥵Ķּѣü, ϸϸĽѩڲ

һʱֱ, صı, ڷ, мҴ׼ղࡣ
ľҲ΢졣

ԺĶԻȻֹ
ˣȲ˵ˣ

, пȥɡֻüıӰңңһ䣬û˵꣬ѾûӰ, Ȼҡͷ̾Ҳ̫żˡ

踥߽ڣڽе, ļ⾾һ£ŲҲס
Ų߹ȥСİڴͷĿ


̧
΢Ƶ³֣ӣ

踥ɫȻЩС˵㿴һһŮӣͬסһԺӣ˵ǱĹϵ˿϶š

費ÿɷɫ嵭һ˶ã

Ѿˡ

Сأ

踥̱һڰ͸ˮףʢҺССĺ㾲ƮҺڳ˯°Ѿˣ˲Ĥں챦ʯ۾ϣ˲衣

̧ḧ±ڡ

ʥɵûôκã˵Ƿβ߾ָǿټϪʥ˵ʱֻץסββֵٹһʱվָܻˡ  

ͬ

ʥ˵һ

ʥ˵ƻ麣飬Ϊ٣Ѿưܵ˼£˵ӦѲˡƺһںʥ˵ɱ

˱ۣоԼڵսɱǿƽⲻɢ

ʥ˵ǷսһƬǽ塣

նԭһǧ˰٣ܻܲʮҲ˵ 

踥ͷ

ټ͵ʿʧȥΪ󶼻ܲˣЩԸԾԸԷ˵ͷɣ

Сضɫ

ƽˮɫ

ʲô踥ţƽֻǱ

ʵľĺƽ̫ѩʦʱʥŲص׼ʮ׬ˡ  

踥׷ŵͷϣ˵һ£ȥҩ˵ղػʹҴȥ

ܿڵҩ

迴ҩüɻ΢΢𡣾踥ǰ˽⣬һﲻκҽ
ʲô

Ϊҩ踥иһ˪ڵҩ΢һЩôҨһףݵߡ

һ¡

Ͳݣ˪պϽ֬ԼĳֲѪҺǰֶζǿҩģûʲôرҩЧζ

̧踥һۡ

踥ŴףۿЩţôˣ

ҡҡͷʲôҲû˵Ŵȸպõҩ

踥û뵽ĿϹԹԼιҩһ׼õ˵Ƕûó

սСУ踥ڴһһ׵ιҩ迿ڴͷŴһһ׵غȡ

覵԰ѩ亮ĮΪ٣ԳС踥ӶԷҩشпֹɣһĿϪˮ

һҩס

踥ط´ס
Ҫȥ濴𣿡

⣬͸ĴֽϡܿĨ⣺á

踥һľΣҿԱȥ𣿡

΢һס

踥ۿɼ˿ƿϵĽΪ˼Ȼŷ·ѵ㼫Сĵؽŵϡ

ȥ

żʱ򣬻·ƽʱ踥˴ε̧ܵκβ

ʿ˵ÿԺԲƣǶΧĴ˵ǾͲһˡ  

û뵽лλʿ¢ũ³ͷ°Ͷ

踥ͷ΢Ц

ũ򣺡Щô

ٴΣ˶踥ǱȡˣЦ˵ЩˣԴߡ

ũЦ̫ˣʲôʹҵĵط˵

踥ЦǾͶлˡ

ũ˲ͷʱֵĺʱҪӲݶٳճɻҺ硣

踥ЦǰߣͻȻЦһ

ˣһʱΡ

ɣ

踥͵͵ûб仯ƽƺⱻˣֻǿΧľɫ

ڵǸɫСׯ

İݺύٲȻϪƴһȺ׶ƨŶǰȻͨͨϪˮʼʳˮݡ

̧ͷա

Ѿԭ̫ˣ̫ǳɫģϤ̫Ҫһ֡
ζԭĵطǳǳңԶ֮ңҲܳ˻صķΧ

ǽأ
Χܲһ˿

踥ǣϼһ϶ǣػ׷١㲻ϲĻ̻ط

ܺãʹɡ˫ۣӭʹ硣

УУ
ϴ峤Ҵҵ

ԭﰡϴ峤ܵϵһ̶¶ϲɫѽںת̫ˡ

踥΢΢üѾ⣺峤£

ԣ£¡ģϵԱ˷磬˵ҽ׿ǰκ˸ڴ˵з֢֮ܲΣڡ

踥ܸɴ˵Ρ
ˣԱŶ˭ͷȥ˿

ϴ峤û뵽踥ܾȻԱ⣬ܿúãҸȻʮַĲ𣿡

踥ԸٱţԳ
˵ˣΡ

ϴ峤ͷĵлͦˣرƲӹʱ̫үģЩ

û踥˿踥ǸУһĻš  

赭ȥɡ

ϴ峤𾪵ĿУջϽ踥˲任üĿͣ˵𻰵ӱȴСϱҪͣһίҪȥ𣿿Ҳһˡ 

ϴ峤˸
Ҳ̫˰ɣ

裺һȥɡ

С
踥һ÷ֿûôˣĿתϴ峤

ɫûиղôˣʱɫرϴ峤øܵ

֪ģҵĹǲ忴Ա˵ûУ

֪ĹأԱѾ̧ˡ

аɣ·




67.   67    ʦʦ


峤ڡ

ªסһź, ѹ֮ԱбڽϣΧŮʹиҩͯİ׺ڸʩ롣

λ׺, Ļشҽݵ, ҿ, , мָ, ʩȰԱ⡣

аѾ, ¹͢ڵҽҲ޲, ôεúأҿʲôҽĶȻǸƭ, ĪҪ׳Կͷˡ  

ԱĶҲʮͬ˵

ʲôҽҪбôȥҽ  

˵ȻǸҽһϲֻͨѪͷ

ôأԼĵҪҽ, ˵ʲôȰӲǷ´Զ̧


Ա˵, һƿˮ¡

Ҷӳ¶εĿЦͱȰ, ҵһĵġ

ˣ
ϴ峤ֽýݿһܽ, ϲѶƵ

ɫһ, ĿͶſڣԾҽĵ  

ΨԼһŽ, ûȥһſڣҡҡͷ

Ƭ̣˿һλòλ˹ż, оȻֱ˴ξһ̳һɴᵽڣ㲻

۾ɴˡ

áñ

һλú, ȷ𣿣

Ҷӵɫȥ㵣Цϴ峤λУ

Ǻģеؤ

ϴ峤ŵԣԣУˣԭлˣҿǺòװ˸Ǵ

Ŷλеķˣ

ҶӿλɫƲ긾ˣִüͷҪб£Լķô⸱ӡ

ڳΨԱ۾踥·𿴵˾ǣ鼤ڳݲس˵󡢴󡢷򡭡ˮˡ

Ҷæˮʼ˵顣  
ҵһֻ۾ˣҲվǰһȻܶ

뿴踥ͨҽô˿ġ

ȴ踥û˵ʲô鲡۾ɨԱͻȻùҩͯϵҩ䡣

оúһʲô

踥ĵڵû룬á

ҩ䣬óǱ룬ҲûѡҲû˸֮ͳԱȥ

ģ

ҶӾϵЦݶסˡ  

ʲô׵ҽȵȣϵˣҶŵæȥҪʲô֮˵˾һĻ

踥һȥţء

ҶֵܵģֽƵıƮƮرһߣҪԱѾʹӽסˤƨɶס

çУ
סҶӼô󺰡

Ѿˣ䣬Ǹš

һ

ۼλаγȻۼб˶µүɫӽһԾ

Һ
Ц쳹žªݡ

ΧһƬž

ڳԱʮЦž˵飬°ͣǱŲӵļԼġ

رԱĶӣǾı黹лֱ̳һֱ顣۾ȷĻŴ

Ȼˣ

ɣ

еķӦţΪԼǷ֢þˣݺԼһơ  

迴踥һۡ

˵֢Բһ£ʵ̺һֱӰǹͨϡ

úá

踥ҳһŵˣһλУΣˣߡ

Աæסҽһû𣡡

踥ν˵ˡ

ԱǼȸжּһǵͨ졣ҽǺεȲĽǮƲĽҽһͰã𶼲գ

踥μߣ˷׷ʾһҪúлλҽľȻλС

ʦ

һʯ쾪˶ˡ

˹һѱס踥ȣԼһͣ۰Ͱ͵ذΪͽʦ

踥
߿Ҳͽ

ı뻯ҽ۷´ҲûУƤ׻ȥˣͽһ˲ˮú̷ʦΪͽɡ

踥˦˦Ȱ˦Ϲ

ʦ

һֱûʲôڸеͻȻڣỺ˵ͽɸߡ

踥ȵؿ

дϲæӦ£ллʦллʦ

踥εûǳϹˣüͷɨȦӲûʲôطֵ࿴ģһ̧ˡ

.
踥ҽ֮ԽԽ㣬˲Զعβ˿νﲻ

ʤ䷳ÿֻλˣ඼

ȫԴӱߺ͸شǣᵽǸԺӡ

У踥ˣǺ޲ÿ踥ˮë
Ϊ踥׼ԺӣÿմɨɨǵԺţÿհֱŸõĲ

踥ҪͿÿյõضĲٵҪ踥踥ա

Ψһ踥Ϊ˿ʱߣԼ踥żһ㡣

踥һ粡ˣűֽϿҩ

Ա߿ҩԽԽ⡣

ǽ𡭡ǽǽƢʳԭҲ磿

ٿҩģüҩݣ˵ġҪǣôǰǸ粡˵ҩȫһ

ԽԽ壬ԽɻԽ

踥дһҩĵһŵҩֽϣȥץҩˣȥץҩɣץúŵҩһ̷

ǡɻ󣬹ȥץҩˡ

һ۵׵ЩΡ

踥ʵǺҿҩ֢֮κˣ֮ǿС鵤
˵ۿʲôҩһģصǿС鵤ûС鵤Ѳ˶Ҳпܡ

а踥ÿҩĬ챳ɲᣬһҽٷ¼

տˣ踥˸֪ΪʲôҪһˣ뿴Ĳ˾Ϳ˦ˣȼ֮

ĬĬҲΪ

η֣ҡεվ

踥æȥ

ҡҡͷܾĲɫ԰׵Լߣʮ󣬲ߵΡ
ȥɽпĲҩ

踥ȻвӦãʹȥ

裺кһ𡣡

踥߸ƨ棬˵Щ˲ҩҿѧж

֪˵ѻ
÷ɡ

ȻԶ˭֪Ϫʥ˻᲻˳׷ٵǡ

ΪԱзʱ踥ֻ˺΢֮ͨû˵ʲôѻ̫󣬿ǰŸãϪʥ˾˺ɱǿûеڶ

踥Ҳ֪ڵöţصһС

Ǿͱ

ǽָǣһҪϲĴж˿顣

踥ﲻˬץҩ˵ҷȥɽ￴ʲôҩʰһ£һȥ

ʦӦǡ

踥ʦ

ܾٴΣִغʦȨûʦʦɽ𣿡

踥ÿʦüͷÿʦüͷַȥ˳ǿȥ

ʦҲģϹʲô

˵ʦһϲŵŵǣͽˡ

.
踥һɽ

踥ϣͷɽеķݷľЩľûһ˿дУҲԼصĹЧ

踥ߵúȣûʲô

ʱʱҪһ䣺䲻䣿
ûóҧ㣿

ôûоѣҪҪΣ

ипʦıʦҲˡ

ʲôָŽűߵһҰʡ

𣺡ʦϻݣĸʪ֮Чҩһꡣ

ףڳȥɡ 

ʮͽæųͷǰڿҿҵϻݡ

踥ʹ󣬸ûָͽʲôԡǰ˼꣬ԵĸǷԸȻ

ɽϰҩھء

һͣһɽɽ۵ͷ󺹣촭ˡ

ͻȻ

ΪʦʲôԸæСŹ

ȡһŵҩƽض˵̷¡

Ҳʲôҩس¡

ºоһҩӸзɢʱоƤҲȺģͷһֱϵ߾Ȼʧˣʮ꣡

лʦ
Լµ񵤣𾪴ϲ֮£æͷл

裺лɡ

踥ͣ˻ŲתɽߣһῪʼ£ҲһˣҲ۰

Ҷͷˡ

ҽ߲ˡ

ľĳص踥Ϲߺߣ·ǸҪǳԵС

豻ֵúЦҲι˿ŵҩ

踥¾ⵤ̵ģͦóԣȣһҪһšû䣬ȴ洺磬ȻĲС

ں濴øˡ
һֱʦһͷȣʦ䵭ڿʦﻹںʦģã 

˽¨ӽŲȥ




68.   68    ʵһ취κá


СԺƬԡ

踥ƬСлųͷͷٿ, ɽĲҩһ¡  

һԵµϣؿһҽ顣

ͣűѩ, ձӳյԽ԰ס

˵֮ǰʥŮǸɽ˪, Į, һ۾ܽ˶ˡôڵǳ֦ıѩ, ƺһͻ, ˼Ҫס

ȡ  
͵͵ؿһ

踥̷³ͷȥҩ

á
ס

踥üˡ

ҡҡͷ˵û¡

, ǵúȡ踥Ҫȥҩ

ԼԼ, ҩʱ򡣡֡

踥ؿһ, ûиִּӳͷбͷٳһһСӡ

ȴûٿҽ飬Ŀ踥ϡ

ع͸ڳ, һɫ΢Ƶ

ȻڣʱҲ, Σ

踥ܿ췴ӦʺϪʥ˵Ķս

ųͷƬ̡
Ż, ˭Ӳɡ

ۡ

Ժз·ǰ踥Ϫʥ˾սʱ龰
߿Ұ, ڸ߿ɱ, 踥׹䣬Ѫ, Ϫʥ˴Ӹ߿׷һơ

һƵ֮ǰѪ踥ضϪʥ, һЦ˵

طЧ

ϪʥɲϾΪɱһλʥ˵Ĵ, طɵ踥Ҳ֮˴ʥŲء

һжԵˡ

ԭˡ  

踥ɻ󣺡ԭˣûü仰ʲô˼Ժűˡ

踥õ

һҽ߽踥蹪˸񣺡ʦʦ

踥û

賯΢΢ס

ҽȫԱߣʦǴŵҽ飬򵽵ҽȫˣ

裺ãˡ

಻ࡣ֣Ҿӹ

ҽ鿪ʼġ

ٶȺܿ죬һһҳٶ˿ƵģͲڿ顣

ɻ󵫲ҶȥʣֻԱߡ

ĪʦʦϵĶ̷࣬ʦʱҪӽСġ

ܿҽ鷭ꡣ

Ǳҽٷ¼أ

⧲

ʦҩʱ͵͵ժģԼͯӶû˵ʦǴӺζ֪İ

Ȼǲʵģ˶ٺЩսսذҽٷ¼ӻͳ

ûӣĮˡ

һʧİ

踥üͷһŸʲôȥ

ŶŶ
Ѿ֪ʦûʲôʦﲻˣʦƣֻԥһᣬʦѾҪųͷùˡ

ֻذˡݳʱͷϵɥڶڲס

ԺÿδʱԶһ嵭ѩ

̧ͷ

.

֪ܿÿδʱ¡

ʦ￪ʼ̵ҩ衣

ҩķϸµ֮ǰ޷ĳ̶ȣһҩ裬ǰҪҩĥɷۺ÷ۻϴӼɡ

ʦĲҪࡣ

ɴʲҩѹ֭ҺҺϣٸˮ˻ʯϸϸĥɷۣұķұЧɷ֣ϻϡ

һҩͺ󣬶Ƿ̫ɹɼɡʦȴõ¯濾濾ʱʢ̶ȶʮн

ϸµࡣ

ЧҲࡣƿҩ£˵ĲͼӰЧ

κõĲԽԽ࣬һЩǰ޷ҽεĲҲκˡ;Уٴżл

ֻشҩҶƿ˺˺ľͺˣлˡ

𣺡ⶼʦ̵úá

ŶԭеķҲҽ

ǰʦҽҲЦǺԼʦ

һᣬŴͯȥȥ·ϣŲ죬ϴЦݡ
ϵЦݾûһֱܺá

ͯͷΪʲôЩôˣ

𣺡Ϊоҽ˰ɡȻǰһֱʦһ͵͵ÿһҩˣдһҽٷ¼ǲ̤ʵ

һòԵҩҩιºת˲ˣ

ڿҿұҽٷ¼һҩ©Ҫ水ķӸ˿ǲҵġ

ʦÿֻλˣĲ˶ЩΣŲʹӣҲѹʯͷ

ڲͬˡ

ʦ̸Щҩõġ˺ҩ裬Ըе˺˷áͭǮݡ鲡ҩ裬ҲԸͭǮݡĲ˷áȻЧûʦĿ죬ȴЧġ

ʦƺʦҪ࡭

ֻǣʦʦҽôΪʲôʦǺòأ

뵽ĽŲ

ͯʣôˣ

³һ¶ģһҪʦúѧϰҽʤгһ˵κʦĲ 

Ժ

踥轫˵ĶԻڶڡ˶ʿǳܱȡ

踥˵˵ҵӻԶ

գգۣ΢ɼЦ

˵ɱ֮ǰࡣ

.
踥ȥˣһԺиֲĲҩˮ

ʱʱоԼ࣬˲ɢҲˮ֮΢ЩĶˡ

踥ʱܲ£踥ſԼԺС

ơ
Ժű졣

ˮĻ߹ȥš

ԺŴ򿪣ֻźվԺ⣬Цض˵ˣղ˻ҼҲեЩͳ

ûоܾͣл

óһƿҩÿһţ塣

ϲֲ˼¡

з򸾼еҩĵط򲻵Ӧ

лˣ
֪岻ãҲûҶྣͺͺæ𣬡Ҿ˰

賯΢΢ͷߡ

Ŀ뿪˫ֱǺͣߵ

̨϶ʳģġ

жߴϲĸմͷ㣬Ի⣬ɽ˸ڵĴε߲ˣаƺõ͡ 

Ǽǲȱʳġ

Ǵûˡ

ն踥ˣԼпɣ֧Ǿڣʼ

û뵽踥ջļ磬üڹﵹͣ踥ͻˡ

ʲô
踥ùӾһ

ɷ˵ȥһѽᱧŻϣʲôαԼ֡

Ρ

֪ⷽرִˣҲûִ

ɡ

㣬ˣô

á

踥ΣŲԺѬŵĵط£ϱ²飺鷻³Ļ㿴ƣҺܿá

ֵá

踥ϣɫѩףü۵һͬɡյĺâʧո͡

Ӧ

һʱС
븩һĶͷȴֲңֻýŲҴҵؽ˺

ܿá

ǰ޷´踥ιķˣι

ſڳһں̿飺踥ҿԼ
εطԼԽԽ踥ˣûֱӾܾı仯Լò졣

úã֪  
踥Ӧ÷ܣһιչӤһչ

һٷһڿڵιн

ȥɫ˵ԺԺʱЩܼ鲻Ҫæ

踥ģЭˣԺιˡ

Уˮݣϴ򵥵飬ҲҪҡ

踥ĬܾãǲѧŹ

迴۾ͷ

Ѿ޷תǷõĹ  

ص̫񹬣һȷ˻ʥŮ̫񹬵ĳ裬һȷ˻ĵҲ۵㡣  

µļɹٻȥˡ

踥ɫ䡣

ǰ˺ܾãһƸ۰Ȼ̧ͷʵһ취κˡ

:ţ

Ǿ˫ޣ˫֮߳ɰ޲麣Ȼеڳ֮ΣԸΪҵĵ𣿡

踥һ˵סŵؿ޹ģ߬ճȭŵڵȴҪС

þû˵

ĳĬ踥ҲȥΰһԸҲûϵ͵ҧһڣвС  

ԱԼ
˲ǰǸҫ۵ķɽŮ

ã˵һƿ͡

תƻĻ踥˲Ȼ֮Уõͷɬ
Цһ£ǿװµ˵ԭƿġ




69.   69    


ֽյʦһ걻Ĳ, ʲô޾ɵġ

ҩʱʼֽͣ˺ܾãȻšǰӡĳֺ˶٣дˡӡ

𣺡

ʦ, ǲдˡָǸ, Сɻ

踥Ƥһ, ϳ˵Ӿ˵, ûд, һǸľƤһ, ֤ҩ˵ӻҩ, ҩһһ, ȥɡ

𣺡ǡǡ

ʦôãѾػʦҿҩҩΨһЧģǿŷõҩ衣
һ, ҩʦҩεơ

Ȼ˺ҩЧͺãҲʦԼĲ, ʦ߳ŭʦš

ҩһ˿ذҩ

ҩζѾֵһ, ޱ, ˺ʱǽиŤ

ԿŶЩ, Һڷǿҩ󣬲˴ͷԭؿˡ

ȥ·, 踥ͷԣ·ͷӣ̽ʣʦ, ʲô²ͽ˵˵ͽܳأ

踥ͣסŲ̧ͷƳһۡ
ĬĬת˻ȥ

ҡҡͷ, յǰߡ踥־ͣ£ҽ̬üͷͷ㡭

񣬴Ŷ

㵱׷ӣ

סû뵽ʦʳڵһȻˣʦһ粻ԭǺʦì˰ֲã

ϧʦѵ𽵹ϿڣκͽȴҪʦʧˡʦûгɹס  
˵

İһ׸ҽѧʶһֱûгɼҡ

ʦʦì𣿡

踥۾һɣõ˵ʲôìܣǺõúܣ

ǡ𲻸ΥʦӦ

踥˶٣ؿ˵һѡ

𰲾µص˵ͷʾ踥

踥üͷܼѵؼ˵λλˡλˡ

û¶һɫȴΪ˵ŶĴȡ  

ԭʦﾹˣֲúܶʱʦһͷȣʦʦģҲǶԼķԭˣԭˣ

踥ûа취ѵĸԸһ𡣡

˵겻鲻Ըزһ䣺ڲɱǸ˵ǰ¡

۽ǳ鴤ͷġ

˭뵽ɱǸˣⲹ䣬ɱǸ˵İʦ˵⻰˵ɣ
ʦǸݽɫ

βϻһƽȵʣλŮӶλ˵ĸ

踥ҧгݵ˵Σ棡

˻һ

ʦʵ̫ˣ̫ˣ

Ҫˣ׵Ȱ֮ԵҪ˹ǡ
Լʦʦôأ˺ĸҲҪ

˼Ƭ̣˵Ÿλ鼫õϷ򸾡

ɷʱǸСүŮӻӭ֮ǰǸݳǨ׾ӹѸ

λȻǸѸԹʫ飬б߻֮ݣݳǹϵĵһˣ³˹ѸҲж֮ǰ׷𡣡
Բɷ鼫һΪعѣԸټޣΪ˰Щ˵ϧԼӼҡ 

ǹѸᵽϺ󣬷Сүһ飬һڻݲݶչ׷󡣡

ʱȫãϾôݳǵӶ飬СүǸϰĶӣҪ޲ƣҪΨлѡ

Ҷû뵽ǣû뵽Сүƶ׷󣬾Ȼı˹顣  

ҷ޶˸鼫ڸͺع˼ʮ꣬˵δ

踥һ۾ԽԽ

.

Ժ

ϾؿԺš 

ʱʢϷ·ҲϱѩƵϢҲѩġ

踥δ


ļûιֱлԱȥͷҷСӡ  

СԺ浤ۣҵõһֻӣ¾Ҳûеġ

ϹתȦȦ

·ûӵļУ˫Ŀˮ㶨Ժš

踥ǷΪûдӦ飬ֻΣգϪʥɱ

üĽ

ûпҽ飬ôһؿԺš 

ͷڵϵӰбҳˣطɵ϶šԽԽ

ॡ
ԺŴ򿪡

踥һòõҰ߽Ժš

ÿô

Ұеɫеķ۰ɫǵ׺֦ϣɷǺÿÿ踥Ц̫ҪĿҫۡ

㡣踥ЦؽҰݸ裬ȫްյ

ûнӣؿ
ʱΪȥժҰ  

踥ʵȥǰ˴ھˣĸ˵æȡ׼õһ
ǿŸڳĴҩ

ǣһȥˣϲֲҩô˵ҩѰԸȥˡ

ɫû˿

ΪڿŲҩҪʱ
š

´βǺ£Ҫ飬ǰһ˵Լӣתηȥ

Ҵˡ
踥ͷһæסΡ

Ƶǰ˻Լ֣Ͱ͵صȥڲҩģϣ˺þòժģ

λ׷޳ɹȱ˵ʵʾҲǺҪģֻ˸ֳ⡣
κһλʥ˶սʿժֵģСҲţֲֻܰװ

踥ڴĿУ迴ϡŵɫ˫ɫ³һ仰
ҳλòԡ

Ȼνڣľ󳹵ױء

žણ

ָһҰڵϣ踥ӵһԾŵؿԼơ

ǽͷϰй۲Ҳš

ˣָͨȽۣԽϸɾʦΪЧãƬŪġ

ʦҲ̫˰ɣһ۾ܲʦ˻ѣԺʦմǲʲôģǡ

踥ɥߵ߰ϴɾ

ſǽͷԼʦھ߶ϴֵıӰϧѹɤӵͺʦ٣šһС

ֻδ˵踥Ťͷصһۣʾ

ô˵ʿɤû

踥ϴɾ⣬Ŷ˵˰ɣȥˡ

֪õӦ踥վ˻ȥ˺

ϵҰ˼ʰҵɢڵϣϹùĻͷһ߶һ߶ģѻ֦ŪԽң黨ɢһء

˻ᡣ

һֱûжӱ򿪡

γϹһۡ

Ϲ·ܸоΣգ£۾Ųһһˡ

ͷ˻ɢڵϵĻȻѩ䴹ڵϣ˳׵ָһʰ֦ϸ¹£֮յ﷨С

ˣ
Ŀûƾʧ𾪵ôǽϵȥĴ

ôˣ踥Źɱ边Ȼˣ΢΢һŷֵϵҰûˣһϲ  

ѻսˣ

ʳɾ˶ѡƽ˵һ䣬תλݡ




70.   70    ׷޿ھ


ڶƵ

һ, Ӵ𡣽廹Բλߡ

ƿţ, ʪĴӭ, , Ҳؾķ˿

Ժеǿһҹ֮øߴ

Ѥϼ, ǳӯͥԺ

踥һ¿ϱ۴ǵ, ڷٲ㴹, Ӱ续ݱǺÿ÷·컯, Ųۡ

ƺ, 踥˫

ʢҲһʧɫ  

΢΢˻

踥۳һЦһǰȻ

˵ϡ

Ժеֻи첲, һҹ֮쳣ߴѤ÷, ֦ܿԺĴ

踥û˵, ɴŹǵѡ

ĵܵӵ׳, ֦ͷ, ƶ·𲻶ˡ

СԺǴʱ⡣

ݳݺɶ죬, ׵Ƭء
ˮɽ, һжŲʫ̡ũ˱¨ȥߣԷŵ  

ڻпü, ʱ˿ڿнһ

һжòܸᡣ

迴Ժ񾲵ƽĵϢڵñЩ

ม
ͻȻвһ߿

踥һڣָ˶ٺѡ

ร
󹫼·Ҫ

źƮƮڲ˼󶼴ϼϲС

踥ȥˣ¹ǵŭܵضϹϹŵô˸ãһ°һһת÷ɿ졣 

·þƣҲλð

ι

踥顣
ͷŸվĸλٷ磬òʲôʱз紵Լô׵Ĺ˵ι

Ǹι

裺Ϊһҹ֮䳤ߴ󣿡

˿Դû踥͡

Ĭ
ȻôĶҩȥһͨ

쳣ν𣿡

Ҿ˵ҹɽġ

ôһɽ΢΢

Ƕ֪󣡡

û˵

ⷲ˷ǵĲ֮ʵδء⣬Ͳᵱô﷨ˡ

˵ֻʶƸղŵķΧ񱻴֯ɵƵķΧ
ܸоôȥʲôȻһг׸ı䡣

ȥ䵭

Ŷ踥ˣʵʵ

˫ڵվȺȥ

Ƕʲô踥

ֻȡʣµ׷ιˣظҡ

䵭ɤס踥סŲЩȻش˫磬۵ĺ¶ƺЩ
Ϲ·֪Լ£ŵǽǣצⲽԶһ㡣

ڶҲʧܡ

ԺĴһ죬ĵ̽һԴԼʦģֱӵ۽ǳ鴤˻һ

УʦǸɽӵУĿ̰壬࣬˿̾Ȼôһ޻ĺ£̫۾ˡ

ȻԼʦֻľ

ʦ٣һУ

Уչ¶Ż

ǸСүΪ׷˲ϧؽвŻţΪ˲¶ӣԼͷ׶̹ɵؿʫģÿֻ˯ʱ̿ø춯ء

ϲɽˮʫҺһ侫ɽˮʫŴһͬϷۡλȻ׷ԲԵСү˵

踥ȡǰ顣

ҲҪڶԷóĿ࿴

踥ʼ񿴸ֵ顣

պ跢踥ʱ޿̲¿飬һƤЦСƷ¼ٿü΢壬һ࣬·ڿֵС飬ڿʲôĹѧ

裺

Ҳû⣬ˮȥΪҩˮ

λ󷽡

ʱ辪淢踥ͬһϢ˸λãƤ鱾Уڿʲô
ֻܿü棬۾һ̧δ̧סһ㡣ҳü졣

裺΢üлһʺš

˰º踥۵Ѿ˵ɫ

ĳ죬踥һü˵Ȼ뵽Ƿ°油鵤ٸĽͷβ˵һϸٺʱٵ

ԵЦ⡣

һЩʵ͵͵飿

µĹӶԵһ֪ٴθĽ鵤츳綼Ҫ𶯣ҲΪ֮̾

̲ס

Ŷ 

ҶȻ軨ʯľֲϣҶҲҪˡ֪ҶÿĲж٣  

踥һ

費˵ҶڱΪֻ˻ӭһ裬ÿĲֻʮʯңԶԶ鵤󡣡

Ȼ̫񹬿ԼҪڣ֮ҪʮܳľʮܿʼҶˣɻҶ

踥Ҷ֪ôӦ֮ǰ֪Ҷ滻ֲϣ

š

踥ѿˡ

Ϊڵڶ㣬ʵڵ㡣 

˵ȥŪҩˣת踥һڰȭͷɥ

˵̫ô죿

ͷ

踥޹ؿ˿һ˿δңЦЦƺɻΪλͷ

תȥ

踥ӵʴȭ

ԵҲʧ˰

һھ֮ǧһ仰Ҫʱèʱ񻢣ʱֻʪĹλ׷޳ɹ˳ϰ鲻˵

ܽһ£Ǿǿƣװ

һժҩŪ֣װۣϧʧܡڶȫλչʾԼκһ֡

踥̫ǰǿƣĪӡǵоˡ

ǵڶ踥ʱһͷҪæ

ûоܾ

Щëë档ıȽֻҪ¾ͺãܶ鿪ˣһСһСճڷ˿ϡ

Ҳ֪踥մô

СԺˮԣ踥˰Сӹɱָӣ̧Ϊ踥

ķ˿ںڹ⻬УûһƴᣬʹľϸܵӣôʱҲһɵס

踥Ǳ˳ëè䣬΢΢ۡ

͸ӲӵشϣڵͶӰмڹƮ澲ů

ʱԺ嶫ͷƵʦղš

Ժָƴס졣

ղΪҪҽѰѾɤſ˵ˡ

ֻܸɵۡ

ԺڣϵǵͷӰӶסˡ

踥ǰǰɽӲͷЦЦؿ

ͦϲЩ

踥ЦǺǡͦ棿ҿöСͯô棬ҲԣҰᷢ

ӷŵС

踥յصͷһᡣ

ǰжꪣӴ踥̫ҡȻľսŽɲ֮౧һ䵭زˡ

踥ȥλɹȱȡ

ȱϸʹЩ󣬶ͬĿ⣬Ƭ̺̾Ϣ˵ɴʲôˣȻŪɳ׾á

֮ǰǾھɣĸ֡

ģϡ

踥Թͣˡ

.
֮ӱƽͨ

踥ÿιɨԺӣ㣬Ȼҩȥ

ǰµĿҽ֪ʶڿҲõҩˣķӶϲġ

һҩġ

ҩĴǼϸҲ鷳¡  

еҪҩĸһ£еҪҶƬҪɹɹƣ踥ҪŴȥݶɹеҪɡ
ϸ߰ҩĴڱһٰϹ𴦣ʳ

ҩڴ󣬻Ҫóơơơǡѵȸַٴ

踥ʱѴᵽԺУŴӳҩģŨҩƮԺ⡣һһԺ⺢ͯЦţĽ֯ǶϤһճ

õʱ˻һȥɽժҩģʱҲţȥϿϷϼУÿʱͽܶЦӵظ˶ȥһҪǡ

ÿնбκõĲŶŸлҷͽͨ˼ģԼĥ۵ģʲôС 
˶ƾܡ  

ΪҽտӰ룬ֻشɾµڽԽԽ㡣 

ʱʣӾƽعȥһꡣ

.
ѩҹ

رװعѩأҲ׵ѩ̺ëѩб

ҹˣҵƻϨΨһӰյůƷƣվԺſڡ  

踥ںеȴۻˡ  

ô˯ 

ƽ˵

ЯصС踥Ȼ£һů¯Ҳ˳ְѩĴ멣ٰȥѩ

Ϧദ˴չ꣬ЩȻĶ

踥´멺ܳĬţصӡ

˼һۡ

ΣصƺڸգɽвľȡòͬӦֻʣҶӵҶ̲ݴӻѩ³ðϸϸļ⡣

ΪҲòͬ

ǰдһȦϻɽη屬ҪгˡҵĸԼײդͷҲصܽɽ֡ 

Щ仯踥ûйϵö֪

Ը˵Լڵġ

踥ιһҩ󣬷ޡ

СԺֻһ˯ˣЩ˯踥̣мһ硣

ϵϨˣͷ⻹ûϨ˼

踥ڵϣůʵشһ͸ܿԷżӼȥо
˼Ӱ续һһԴݳʹֻ£оҲ˵á

ȥоȻδ˯ʼιβԶ

β°ѾǼܺ⣬ֻƬδϣδѣ۾˲ĤţŵʳﵹǻԼ죬ιһڳһڣԵ㡣

ڵ踥ڡ

ڼž

ֻкһĴֽԼβ

踥ۣסľ

װӾҪˡ

ۿŷڵ˫ƵԺȻڣƬص鷵  

ͣιĶͷ

һûģȵĺ

踥˵  

ǰЩⷢ˽صܡ֮ݵأΪһǾ޴ķҶƬƬƬԼţȫ롣

ѾȡǷҶƬصա⣬ǽشʥŲǻȡָҲѳ

ڵʵѾȫʢʱڵʥˡ

ԡԸˡ




71.   71    ʦʦ


ճ˯, ڶճʰԺ㣬һι꼦

ơ
СԺԺűˡ

ʦʦ𣿡Ժ⴫𹧾

踥ȥԺš

ֻһõĲվںػѩ, úͮͮġ踥, ¶һЦ, ѸɲŵԺţʦ, Ͳ̡

ôЩǹη绹, 𶼼ÿ峿Ͳ̹, ûһ, ҪɨԺ, ӲͯӴ͡

踥ͷɡ

һ㶡

⻹ʦһԺӣֻܰѲ̷ŵԺſڵġ

³ЩؽԺӡ

ԺӺ󿴵ʦҲڿԽ

ûʲô°ɣ

踥², ȻɫƽƺͰзΧĲľʲôͬ

û뵽ʦʵ, üͷ, һ¡  

˵, ͽɽȷʵһ¡

ͽɽϵִֺ, ժӣ;ȴ֦һ¸첲, ڻšԼҸ첲䡣 

Ҹ첲ȻһԼʮֵĺס

ɻ󣺡ͽһֱƣôأӦ֦СĹǵδءʦʦҲʲôԾ֮𣿡

踥˵ָ⡣

˺۴, ˲ʧ

ʦʦ
ŵԭһģͷˡ

Լĸ첲ȫˣһҲۣ  
Լ, žغݺ˦Լһƣʵʵ

踥ؿɵͽܣʼʲôʲôޣʲôʿԼж

գﱻԽԽ࣬޻Ҳ׷
踥һӣһֵľ黺䵽С

˫ƮƮڷľģŵϴѾɵˡ

Ϸкܶ飬豦߰æ˶ѵĹ£˭뵽»ʵԼϣ
ǰʦҰƾʧʱԶԼ˵ۻʵʵֶΡ

踥ֱӰͨͷǾѪԲ
ϼڣƱĨƽʧ׵ͷںŨܣڽֱͦ˷ϻͯʮģ

踥һָָâ貣ĵȥ

汻ȼ

汻ȼɲǣоرôͬ绹Ǹ磬һжˡ

Ǵرһϴҳ˺֡
ܸܵоԼƮƮģƺһɸߣҲƺԼϷһȭһͷϻ

ƣĳƿҩһֻȸӣҩȸӱƮС
Щҩ񾳣ΣʱһԱء

踥Ƴ˫˫¶ݡ

ɽӵʦһλ绪ҫˣɫƣǲʦһλȴɫ԰׵ӡ

𾪵˸ƨɶס

踥䡣

ˡ·ǿķƾոһơƽСԺڿѩպҶ衣

Ʈתһͬѷȥ

ž͵ҩؿǡ

ʦʦﶼɡʦʦЩҪȥ

˸飬˵ıӰͨһȻ£ʦʦҪ𣿣

š 
̤ѷ֮ǰ踥һ仰úﱣã֮Լ߳˻أҾʽӡУֻ

˵˿ѷ졣

ѷƽũСԺֺϣҶѩء
ʦʦ˹ȥڿʲôû

ܵĪСԺдվ죬ֻɵϹϹļ߳СԺ

ߵԺԺӹݣСĵعԺš

ա
ȳ¾ɵľǰء

.
֮Ȼ踥˵һָƵ˴еҲա  

ܿл׷

صķļӴµĹŵû겻壬ֻӴܡΣѹͷֳͦȸӶԽɱ

׽ƾԼһػ˴˵ذȫģʼǹͬԽԽĻޡģӺոߵܱȵĳ̶ȣԸɽţ֪ԼһҪ뿪ȥʦʦ 

󣬽ڳװȲ졣  

󣬱ֻѾΪ޵Ϲ̤ǰ˻ص;;ա  

Ȼһжʱ踥޹ˡ  

.
踥һѷ졣

˺ѵѷ첻βҪдòܵĿĵأ踥صĿռ佻˸ڻҵմУһͿԽص˻ء

رá

Ũ˵ǰΧ

оЩѣΣ˻Ρ

踥ס

Լؿڣ۾۽ᣬ˿䣬ѩһ㡣
˷·Լ޷վ˲С

˶٣סĺ󱳡

ойůӿڣ˲ת˺ܶࡣ˫ۣվֱ뿪Ļ

踥˲䣬еָ£ɫ΢

̧ͷ̫̫ĴСй켣˳Ǳģ 

š 

߰ɣ˵ȥϪʥ𡣡

踥Ϫʥ֣ңǰ

ŨƵĺˮԹɢ

ΡĲԾɽչ¶

һϸΡɽȻǺԵΣһɽеԴеƴճֱۣ˫ȣǸʥŲпĹȣ

ͷǰ쾰ͷ

Ϫʥ˵ıȻɽ

踥ϼһǨڶԼϣܻôЩꡣ
ҲΪֹˡ

踥ţؾ

̹ľǵһͷ­ɽУһ˫ۻڣɽݾɡ

Կԡ
Ϫʥˣɽʯֱ۳Լɽѵһ

ɽϵĶ㵹ϡ

ɱ˰Ϫʥ̾Ϣɽ֣ݣǷĦɽ

踥۾΢УŲƵ΢Цûúʹࡣ

ֳצŵһץ

һشӵصץ


ϪʥһʹŤģ

Ѿصһ൱ĽĹ踥ڳڹǡ

踥һһص

ÿһϪʥ˾ͻᷢɽɽͻһ㣬ʯ飬ʯк£·Ѫס

赭Įһԣûֹⳡ̵Ĵ㡣

λϪʥ˲ڽе·ǰʦԪס

Ϫʥ֪ԼˣԸûзžʹƾ踥ص
ֱһȡʱ



һѩٿȻϵصף

踥ͷһƿء¡¡صһ޴ޱȵľһ㱻ӵصװγ

ݾҵıʥϪʥ˼ѵ˵

ʮǰҷһЩȤĺۼʱⱻݹйءҾһѡ  

֪ʱΪα𣿡

ڶɱλʱϪʥ˾ƺһУΪԼ·

ԼĻг룬һǷ뱾ʥе飬һɽС

踥ɱ˱еĻǣôΪݾĻǻ̺ͬھ

踥ѡȽݾٳɱ

ΪݾɲǣͻԼһֻأ踥ʹҲֻɱΪݾһǡ

ȻݽɱھУĽ

ȥɣ˿ɾˡϪʥ˴Ϣ΢Цѡ

踥¶һëȻЦܺá 
ϧ©һ㡣

Ϫʥ˳ᢵ΢Цϡ

ŵУ踥ֱӰݾеӲק˳Ȼ÷飡
ɽеĻǼƲӽֻ֮Уδվͱ踥󱬡

ˣϪʥ˵ȫһ񻰳սᡣ

ϪʥΨһϴһǣ踥ڵʵԶĸǿʵǿһ̶ȣʥҲŶѡ  

ˮеˮȥʢһɡ

踥ҳβ㣬Ļڳʱݾг䵱飬Ȼûݾ֮С 




72.   72    Ծ


Ӵ

СˡзɫŮ̹, ϾһССİɫߺһСס

СӴ

ͷԼ¶˫ֱ֡׵ĸ䣬첲Ҳǡ

̧ͷܡ

ϤİĻϤΪСס, İΪڿȥ͸Źİ, ͬЩСŮ, ҲЩĿİ

ô£
΢΢˻

С㡣
Ůǰ˵, ƺߺס 

, ȥ
С䵭˵

Ůʱ̧ͷ

Դ筼Ҽ, ҲǴСĸߺ֮, Сÿ𴲺ĵһ¾Ǵ׺, ²Ҳһ˿š

ôͻȻأ  

λŮ֪ʲô

费ͷڴߣ˳˼ʱСȶ̣ŽŹϵ, 봹ڿС

һССȰڴر˼ӦһȽϿɰĻ, СΪ, ټӹ߲, էۿȥȴԵЩɲ

ŮǶԸ, ׷׵ͷ˵һߡ

С˼˺ܾãû, Ǻƽһ죬ʱȴܸоﲻԾ

⴫ӶС̧ͷ
淢ʲô  

ͯŮǡ

ŮǾСȻ䵭, ƺĪϣر˵筼Ҽһη塣

һλŮûʲô, ڣǾżɨҶΪ׼

û˵һǣ˼⣬үСԼһүС㶼ȥɨ筸Գ©λճĴС㡣

ɨСüͷ΢΢

ŮƳһķӦִԴΪѹˡ

ʵС貢ѹ筸ļɨ©Ϣʱк޲ƺ筸筸ֻ޹صİˡ

ֻԼΪʲôûзӦ

ĸԵӦҪѹġ

С´·ϴ

ĸȻԸӴ϶ӦҪ飬ڶ鼮ĶֻԶ

С˱ѧժҪһ

һ룬üͷǾòԾ  

ո꣬һЩƧǲʶģĶϰƺеĺüвͬļ⡣

С軻˱˼ºٻһֱ鶼һ顣

ϣһ۾þó˼ƽһֻյ

µĲյڵˤķѡ

ŮǻȴСһƬƬȻԼľǺݺһ


ŮǵľУСıƬѪӿδڵҳѪ

ûŮСѯΪʲôͻȻԼġ

λдȾӹŹ֣תС㣬ЩŮ־ᣬͲˣǾͽˡ

С·𲻾ʹƬŵһߣƽضŮ˵
ýҩ͸ɾĲҰ

ŮǱƽŵ

СкԤ׵ظԼȻֺһ㶼Ƶɫ侲ƽҪ˰һתҪź֡

С֣Ůġ

ղͻȻԼһ£ʵȷԼǲǲС

־мأһҹֻףС׵ĶȻξлȻ֪ԼΣξһǶʮأʵһֱڴΣɷ򴹴ӣҲˡ

Ҫܼ򵥣Լ˼Ѫ

ղŵĳԣȻ

ôֻʣֿܣҪôˣҪô˸Ķ

СޱţȻ˵֣š

Сûߣ¶һǸ筸ĶĴߵģʹŮŵðгԶδʹŮ׷׵תŲԸԶ·ҲҪƹ

СĿĵţ˵Ŀ⣬֪ߵһɽ档

ɽ洫һһŮ

Ϥ˵ӦúϤ

һ筼ҴӣĵֳϣһŮǾŮʱǰ٣˵ҪŲЩƷ

εŮڴӵĻ§ҡүܲܿҵȥԺӰ

ȱס

ѽү˼Ҹ˵أ̾߿࣬ԭڱףȾϲյС㡭

֮ˣ˵ܾһ£Ǵүʱɾͼˡ
˵˵žίؿˡ

ұ֤ͰҪźܾϲȥᣬɫȥӡ

ӭܣѽǲдүڣҪɨǶȲյҵԺˣԸʱү⴦á 

Сܵ˵ꡣ

Ȼ䲻筸Ҫʲô

һھףѶڼɽҰԧը˳Ů߳ɽ󿴵СɫҰף˹

СС㡭

Ͽɲ裬һͷüͷǳڳֳ磺˭ܳݵģ͵ֳ˽ûûС

СޱضһԲ֡

ϱǿɲĳŪЩ

СͱǧҪԶһ㣬ÿתɵҲɿȻʲôת쾹ȻЩ

Щŵض֡

Ҳµ߬ӡ

˵ľ£Сġ͵ðһ̣

ұ϶ʱЦˣҲǣôҲǾߣ˵ðˣǵȫѪȫðҲû⡣

ʵªֹãС輴ʹҲֻ㱾£ʲôˣʼ䳰һҪ

δ˵꣬СͻȻڳһѩɫ棡

ƻȿֲýϺ̵úһƤպˣˣ̵ĵ˼ɽܣӵӰ١

ľȶȵȼȼա

ɽڷﳾ
Χĳˮھҷ

СûߵϺҲûΧֻۿԼѩɫ档

һλԼڵ

ղܸоԼ԰ָԼָһ磬ˣû뵽İѻ˳

𰡣𣡣
筸ҳһţʹǷ׷ױˮͰ

˴Ķ筼Ҽ筲筼ҷ˰ˮȻҲǼ۶ӱˣ־쳣޾彻ӡ

ǲܹȥ׷ģ㶼㲻

ǻ֮¾ȥˡ

ΨйĿ꣬ˮɨҹүŮݺݳͷһͨȻϳ筸

費֪Χѩʱ˼ɽԱߵˮزԾ

ˮڹڣŵĽŶƤƮȴһƯĺɫСڷڵˮζ磬ʮ鶯


СڿС㾹Ȼ͵ˮ棬ڿлһߺĻ

ֽסС㡣

СԹУˮȲҲ˦βͣɵҪ

һʹӴչɰͰ͵ش氡 

˽Գ֮ǰתͷȴ˳ʲôûУչ¶ǿȻвĳݾ׳ŵӹֺá  

С㣬ҿأ 

仰ո˵ֻ꣬еСβһ˦߸ž⣬˦ֵ֮ˮС

Ըƨ

ʹӾֵԼ

ҪҪˣҲˣ

ĿֻһӾӿЩܣСȴסȥȡ׹

ǡǡʹӼҴȥսսȡ˸ʯͷס

С費̫ף΢΢üûж˵ʲô

ʹ㡣

СˮҪʹô̶̲æ˰ͷǺȴβͶû

һˮС

ģô̲СԼ˦βͣԹεУ˫챦ʯ۾ƺڿ

Сͷ΢ᣬСĵؽŽ  

.
ʱ֣С豧߳筸

ƺڤڤ֮йߵɽ֮ǷԻҲйʹڻƻʱ뿪筸ӱߡ

С豧ںӱߵʯϡ

ˮڣ滨걻紹䵽ϣͽʪİɫֽǮһˮƮ

С迴Щ׵Ļ֪꣬뵽˪ɫģСһ޵

ҵĶôôȥˣô
ҵĶ

޺ڶúԶ

ΪСûߣ˸һԴȾӣҶ¸մϡ

Сðˮָ⣬ڰο

֪˶ãͻȻһס

ʯСǱˮУˮ浴Ȧơ

С豧׻ͷ

ҹɫȺУһλɴϺЦ߶ˣ

Сͷؿ㱣૵Һ㡭

Ŷ  

СС谴̫ѨԴʹ˵㡭ʦ

еСȻһ˦β͡

ˮ齦СϣСٿȻֶ㤵˼г롣




73.   73    µҩ֮


ͫʾ, նס䡣

󣬡ҡôûߣС費˼Լһֻ̧бŵص, Сˮһ˳ 

ô㣿

СĿࡣ

ΪʲôᱧŸף

ڵϵСԾ˺, ĺһȦˮ, СӰʧ

ҪץͷöС辪ѡ

Сҡҡͷ
á

ؽ𣺡Сһⲻȫ, Ҵȥļ, ɺã

С彩Ӳ

Լ, ⻹ǵһ˱, ˽, ҵҪ㲻Ҫҡ

˲죺ΪΣ

С̧ԼؿϿɲĸ

ۣ

ǡв㲻±ҴȾ𣿡

ݵͷϧ, ûȾֻǱһĶѡˡ

Ķ
ʲô

һƻ, ؼǿһƻ𡣡

С´, һȥඦ

СԾˮǿ̿ʼ, ˵Ļǰһģһ, ˿ʼǰĹ켣ݡ

վɶԴСʦֲ㺣ΨһĹ, Ψһˡ
Ҳվɶ죬Ͷ뵤¯ʦ㷭飬ͬһҹĿ֮˴ѳඦ̫֮񹬽˵ڡ

ʱձԽԽ١

ϲ˷ɽŮ, ɽŮ粽롣

Ϊ˶˼棬ֻܸŷɽŮȺˣɽŮЦ˦Сβ͡

Ȼ, ɽŮˣĸȼյĴ󶦡

ǿѩۿնشȣӡ
ϣɽŮ˿ذţ޵ʧɫ

ڴȻ°֣ͣιС

¶ǣ踥ɼ룬԰׵ɫۿɼһ󣬶̶̰ʱ踥˫

ף

踥գۣŴߵ躬ЦСβͣô㣿ң

ؿ˸©Ĵ󶴣ն䡣ɢĮţʦ

ˣ

踥ˣؾм˰׷Ѫ츳ԼĶƤɵˣ

ؿѪӿѪ˿۾

ôĿǣ˵Ϊȥʦ֣ôԣ

һ˲䣬޲һƽٴҡԼʦƴҲҪȵˣļ֮ˡ

ǵɱҪϣԽԽá

ȻʦֵͰ׷ˡ 

踥ûûΣʹ֪Ȼѹ廳һµ˼ûУ´壬ǳ˸϶̫ˡ 

Сβͣл˰
˵ȥ

ȵȡ̽סȥģ

ȥʬδ価ѾҪʧˡ

һϡ

踥һͬɽҲϪʥ˻ɽɽʧȥ˻ǣֻʣɽû踥ֱ֣Ӻɳ֮Ϊƽء

һɽҳƽ֮ʣʥͻȻӵص׸踥ɱ 

Ҫ֪ʱ踥ûȡصķҶƬҲûȡŲɹŵ֮ǰϪʥ˴ƴӲԿʥʮֳ

ҺҲڡ

ʴѩɽӶ֣ٴνʥѹ

̫ˡ
踥ѪԼؿڣܲԼʵϢ֮󣬾ǰƻعŲɹȡ

ҪߣҲٴθϡ

踥ü裺Ҹʲô

ĮʦֻģҪ㡣һ踥ԼûˣôԵʦֵ 

㣬͸Űɡ
踥ʼ磬ȥŲɹ

͵ŲɹĹ־գ˾һųɹΪͬѹĹϵ踥׽࣬ʱᶺ档

˵Ĺϵܿ콵㡣

踥֮ǰŮװΪ˷ǱڹŲɹõȡŲɹѾ踥ȻҲٰŮӣָݡ

跢踥ʵԱѪͷŭӣΪƭʦֵĸ顣  

踥ʳҩ

ҩ踥Ӳصڵϣذײ䶯ãɫȴ磬ЦôҪɱң

裺Ҳɱ㡣

ذ׻£Įܣʦֵģ֣ôɱأ
ֻǡŮ˰ˡ

ذͿҩֻҪһȥʹҲǶٳҲѳõҩ׽һŮˡ

踥Ц뷨

һԥذ״£

Ȼͷһֻֽ߬ס

۵ذ׵ڵϡ

踥ӵվ߬󣬴ϻЦȴ뷨ϧʵֲˡ

˦֣鳹䵭ĮȹҵķϣҲɱ㣬ɡ

费˫

ʧˡ

Ҳߡ

踥ЦˣƤתôΪһң

û˵ֻʵжش𣬲òãߡ
Ųɹ˻㳲׷ɱɱ˷˵

踥һ뿪ջ˦Ȼǣȥģ趼׼ȷòȥ˵θӵĻ

踥ͷˣоô˺ĹƤҩŸ첲
ôҵҵģ

ûһⵤҩ

踥вιٸҾʹ㰡

ƽ䣬˵Ļȴ㡣

踥ȭͷӲˡ֪ԼģȻ϶ûɱ

һڷ굽ﶥ壬Ÿɴɱ֮ʱ踥ɫٿȻתˣҪҲУ߲ĪˣңŮ

УŮûа˿ԥ

ȵȣ˵Ů𣿲ʲô˶Ůġ
踥ЦָָͷĨɽӰɽܲýߵǣҾŮ

ĬĬ֪㲻û˦ң

ᣬҾϸ㡣踥ȡһзһҺĻ踥ա

ڻֵ迴ǰ

һ⣬鲼Щɫһֱӵ߾ͷ 




74.   74    УԺҵŮ


΢졣

֮, ƵڰǰƮš

踥ڴͷ£Ӵ﷨ȡ˿űϣȻ֧°, һյƷ, һ߿žмǰе衣

µľͨ

Ѫھ, ̿ȷ, ޻Ƭ޲Ϊ׹ǡ񾣼н˸޺, Ѫھŵζ, 䶯Űܹס

ȥ, һɫµ輸뾣ںϡ

ļ̺ܿ˷, 첲СͬʱѪۡ


ᵽѪζĺھԽӷ˰ӿ̰뼳ȡѪ

̶ֻ̼ٲѾѪ«

·оʹ, ǰǷǧ·Ųûа˿͵ǰߡ

ϵ踥һʼֻ, ϳ˿Ĺ, ſﾹЩ, ϵıԽԽζ

ⷳ, ·ԶúܻҪȺһᣬǹƤһ, ԰۾һ

.
һ˯ѣ踥һ

Ѫھ֯ɵĺɫ, ǵϸӰߣᶨ֮ǰһ, ֻϵķ±òѾѪˡ

踥ӭվڴͷ۾ǵǱӰþûƿߡ

ֹ˰ʱ߳ԷΧ

߳ѪھòѥҲʧˣڸĻĵϣһһѪӡû⣬ַ˿ŲѪ

踥ֻ˵û˵ܷҩΪҩ㣬Բܳɹ߹ƬûлΪ׹ǡ

ֻǱõķºͷѥȫˣֻܳ·

ֱͷȫԡѪߵ踥˵ɽ΢΢˻Σվ̧ͷա

ѪھʧѪ࣬ʹвѪϲ䣬Ҳ֫ͷѣ

ӿн¡

踥ӸĮؿ

̧ͷͭסߵˣѭŵԡ΢ƣȴ÷·ɽ۲ıѩ

踥䵽ϣһЦУԺҵŮԸߣΪ˸Ůµĵһ ⧲ժߡ

ӵϵߡ

޳ָսֶͭ߱ϡ

ǿӲڵǣٽ֮ȥİӴ˳¶¡

Ժٴߡ

ûߵڵ豻𶾻ݵҲ¶˳˳ª⣬԰Ǳͷ亹ëҲĺˮʪ 

бսУ̵ۣѣ

á
ҲûԼòˡ

.
踥赽˳֯ĵطúֱӱ¶˵Ŀ¡

ϵ˿ŵýԶԶܿ˲Сɧҡ

ӭһĿ⣬ƽΧ˿񿴵˹ɫҲ˿ûб仯

踥߽ջ˼ٴλ¡

ºɨһۣ˵㲻

費һվԡ

踥ߣվ㣬ŵθڡ

վЩ
֪ǹ֪Ѷˡ
ϴһǣôò
߿ʼΪҪ󣬺ΪˣٺǴϰˡ

ҿջܺãˣٽߵһڻ౧Թܴ

㿴ǸʲôֲΪʲôһ¾ͳţⷹܳԵȥ𣿡

ǰθҲûˣģ浹ùҪǸ

û˵꣬Ӵǵ͡

ס;ֵء

Ƕ澳ʿ踥һֿûС

踥üңЦұ˵ҵŮҿ˵ģ˲ԣ֪𣿡

޴йЩĵҴ

飡
˵գͬʱըըѪģ

еĿ˷׷ױܡ

踥ѹֿջʹջССսսŲˮ
亹ָ踥衣

踥¡

򵥵ŵСһյϡ

ϼƲˣҪϺȥɡ

Сɴ⣬תߡ

踥˵衣

ĬΪ衣

踥ûȥⱭ裬۽һ˵ΪһϸŮӦѧΪӷ¶˵ĲˮⱭˡ

һԲźڣˮȡ

ˮٵʱͱڵˡ

踥ָ˵ӣ̫ˡ

òˮ

ˡ

üĿûΪκβãûκθĲļָ̌ˮ¡

ʮΣֱմɲΪȶʱ踥ŲյһСڡ

ܿһȱ

踥̣Ϻǣ涨ҪÿӺһһֻֻ

ϺŵҪմϴף踥ſϳԡ

㡣
踥ߴ١

һԼӿٶȡ

˫̫Ϻ塣

Լǿɲͺ͵֣֪е
֪踥ôԵ˫ְϺģĸԸһ°ڡӵθ

.

ΪŮǿ踥û˲ˮ̴̸¡ᷢڡŮҪ¶ָ

ƺĥȤǲ֮ǰˣΪ֡

վеҹУȻƵڿǹŲɹ˿ɱˡ

ǿߣ

뿪踥ȴվ̯λԲ˵Ҫ߿ԣЦһ

üٵŲɹκп¾ɽϡ¾ɽǹŲɹ̫ϳϣպգݴǰ벽Ǵ򲻹

֪Ц㿴˶л

踥ݵӣȻس˸Ц

踥ֱӵŤȥǳ϶Ҫӡ

ޱؿ

ˣЦˡ
踥ֱָָһŨױĨ˼ؿ˵Ůӣ˵㿴Ůô˵˵ӣ뿪

һٵ˵뿪

ţ踥

о¾ɽϵѹѾ˳ӿĴ𽥰Խǿˣ

˵ҿɴ򲻹¾ɽϣ˲ҪʦֿɾͰ׷ˡ

ٴסͷĳ۾ɤ˵뿪~

ۣ踥Цˡ

żŶͷЦֲ֧ЦʢĺĻ

аɣСβͣʹ뿪踥Цס֣¾ɽǵصʶ֮ǰǱصס

˼Ļ

踥ǻίԼˣȡʵ˯ĺãҲȡ˯

ҹ¶У

踥ҹһ쳣ʹѣ΢ˡ

һϵץűʹ۾亹

踥齣𶾷ˣ

ûֻʹɫҰף˿麹ʪպͲϡ

踥վ߾һᣬȥĸΪ𶾡

ûڡ

𶾷֮ʹ⡣

ϵı龲踥ջ֣Ҫʱ˫۲֪ʱˡ

һ˫۾ҹգʱؿǧ顣 

踥Ծͺܶ࣬ʣ𣿡

跢һ߽

踥û壬΢΢ͷ
ʲô

ʦ֡
һ顣ûѣ㱼Ϊǰˡ  

踥סƬ̡

Ȼһ֮ǰᣬֱһѽѣӶˣȥץͷƤĲҪϵĲҪһյûץʰĵˣ




75.   75    ʥ


ûץޡ

ΪŲɹ˻ɱˡ  

¾ɽϵڶŲɹ̫ϳһ, ƱҪǵնɱ˹ͬӭսһս, ʴѩѷԲǧճɻҽΪ˱踥, ԡ

, 跢Լİ޵

һδĹΧ, ϲ, ˣ̫, ȥ֪ͨʥ𡣡

ڴ, Ųڱ⻬ĵ, ΧİĿ΢¶ãʥ𣿡ƺĻһİ

˯ꡭ

ǿʼظ귢顣

ԭ˻֮󲻾ã踥֪ʲô, ܿӵʥ˾ʵ
˻أʿʵ۷, ˵ʥ˾ӵʥ˾踥ֱɱϹŲɹ, Ϲų, ȻڹŲɹķؽһɹ

ɹɵʱʥ쳹˻, ף, 󳬼ǰʥ踥Ϊʥ

㱵˵ǡɹ

ѽӣ
Ժʥ, û˸ˣ

Χڴ齱ߴߴ˵Щ踥صѡģĵˣ𶾸, ҲΪʥģĿѹ

踥ô̵ʱڵʥ˾þ𺳣

ٵȵȣʥͿˡ

  
زʵĲͬ

ܣ迴޵ڰڷżϢƷʣ踥ס 

Ƿ׷콿Цӣʥ˵޵ѽʥĺܳ谮λأҪܰޡ 

ɷ

ǰ΢Σһµ踥Ȼ޵

Ǳɴ硢˺ջҪǿһͿԽûκοռ䲨

Ǿס

ʥʵ΢ֻ߲࣬ٵԿʥգ޷ֱʥģ߽

̧ͷ

ʥ˾踥ԭҫˣһͻʢհ·ۼ˰˻еá
ֵһɲǣɹ޵ڵһж޹⣬Ҳעⲻ

ˣоô踥ϲЦЦһЦٻʢȺҫҲ̲סϲ

ᴹѾްˡ

Ϣظȥ

޵ںܰ

Ѿ˹ŲɹΪ㱨ˡ踥ڴظü֣΢

֪
ЩʵشӴվ

̫ˡ

κҶΪѰˡ

΢΢һлˡʦѾȥҲνԼǺγªģ˷Щ

Ҹûصˣлշ
²踥ô̵ʱڵʥ˾ܺڹŲɹõйءǺַ踥ʥ˾ʵ踥ǰ˻Ψһһλʥˣû˺

ԣҲ뿪ˡ

踥û뵽˵ҪߣϲЦᣬȻһȴ

޵ڿᣬļѹ֡

ߣҵŮ踥˵

ͷ΢ĪвõԤС㲻һֱҸ𣿡

ǣҴǰβһţôѾϰˣ

ĬȻӦ֪ΪʲôŮ

踥Ȼվõ˵ˡ

ԭŮ֮ҵŮӣûӵķԸﶼȥ

ط겻ɢ踥ŭ뿪

տ޵ֻһˡͷվƬ̺󣬳߳޵ȴ档

ʥµĽƣһССĵʿƳݺ

.

ӣ踥Ҳû޵Ҳûй·乬

˹˰¡

޵ƴ򿪣й˵ʥȥ

С֮ͬɫΪλδ˵ܵʥĵ£ɹŮˣһ졣
ͱʥʥˣλ歶λҪö࡭



ףߵĺӿƲߵˡ 

ʥһ˶Թȥͬ

ͷ

²踥Ӧͨ뿪ˣû飬ǰ

.
ɹʥסĹƺƣŨñˣһݶǺϡݣʿ߾ϵĴܡ

ЩĴڿʱͶĿ⡣ڲ˳ªʵСŮôɹġ  

貽Ϻİףͷֺ

ֻƻƵĮ̇Ϲλӣһλڵ٣һλڲŪһλȻ衣

ϥŪ̫񹬵ʥŮᰡ

ŪѩʥŮѩʥŮѩ䣬ճеһ֮ơѩʥŮһֱڱչأʥѩѺʥ֮λ

貽飬ǽҵŮ硣

λҵŮڱľʢǱʿеŮ񣬵˭ҲûܼҵŮˣӵٵΨʥ

ӯأһ۾Ͷϣϵ踥Ĵ

λӸи  

ѩʥŮ翣ӢҵŮ磬歾һʤա

ϵ踥֧ڿ裬ʵȴ

ֱ貽̨

⡪
ᰵһһ貽
ǲôò˿ɲŮ

ΨѩʥŮޱ仯΢΢⣬Ȼ̬嵭

踥ЦЦؿ裬СèƵĶ֣

תߡ 

ϴˣԷ뿪ɹû

踥һҾƽڡ

ζ˶٣Ǽǰߡ  

踥̾ϢĿ䰡֣һȻס޷ƵȥȻ踥

ѩʥŮɫˡ

ɹôãղſʥݣڶý
λ֮ȴʥţ

ʥһˡôܱһλò˲Ůӣ

踥Щ΢°֧ļͷžϢƤƣŮı֡ 

裺˵ѾԸŮ

踥һ΢΢в㲻ƣҾһֱš

ɫ䣬£Эˡ
ãſңҵơ

踥źӹɿ֡ϣƣղӲܡ

γҺ㵹

轫ľƱݸʥ롣

踥ִһ¡
ôҲʥ

֮ǲͬģӦиܵĳƺ踥΢΢
ɽŮʱڣŮߵŮӡ

һˣžƺҲơ  

ȻδһɾǿˣǱصڵϡ  

踥ã˵ɡ
ʥԼʥͣعǴǰϪʥ˵ݽΥ򱻱ˣɡ

ҧԲʥˡ  

ڵϳճλϵʥǿôôݳŮô

ƳѩʥŮͽһۣ˿ƵᣬʵҲ޳Ѫ˰ɣΪ֪ҲĽʥװõǺá

踥衣

λӦ

ֺ𣬽Ȼ裬

ƣһ踥һ

˹ã㲻ȱˣҲȱƵˣΪʲôߣ 

Ϊʲô

踥ü

Ҳ֪Ϊʲô




76.   76    Ȼã͹Թڡ


һ졣

, ɹڡ

λϳĬһֱʥ𣬽ʥ𲻿û˸˵ҵͷ, żһ۸λϵˡ


踥Ȼڡ

ɫһ, кҾ, ʥ 

ԭǱؽϹҵ̫ϳ, Ҳǽȵ̫常, ɹԸŽԴͶ踥, ԸΪ֮ʹ

踥űصʦڶ, ȥЩŵĵʦ
Ҫγ, Ѿռˣֻɵҩ費Ըλ𶾣ȻҲ

ǣ
¡

еʦ, ԭʹǽҲġΪʥЩʦ²Լȥ, ֻϢȥ, Ǿͷӵˡ

踥â

׷ԲԵâҲС

踥λ, ֧, ۽΢ӸµؿҼǵ̫ҵˣ

âɫĿбӣ, ̫ϻʡ

ܺã̫񹬵ĽڣҪ㼴̽, ͬÿһ껨ݣÿһƤǨɹڡ

â΢Ӧ, ʥ𡣡

Եµģ϶⵽̫񹬺͵ڵķʥʥͣʹ̫вҲֻ¡

.
ⶾ֮գ踥Խҩ¡

ĸ񽥽ûڵķƵƤҲɫʯ㾧Ө͸ɫ

֮󣬻𶾸ȫȥ

ͬϴԳݡ

踥ú̧֣ôĴָĦա

ƫͷȥ㿪Ĵ

踥ƣ૵Һ֮ǰݡ

ʱѾʲôĻ룺ʲôʱ뿪

踥üĿ߲ɹḻԴҪʲôѰڴ˰

ĳøоʲôҪʧأ˶٣ûǿԼ뿪ֻҪԼסٲס޵

á

ܿɹ֮һɽ塣

շ߸ߵɹϿգɽĸԴɣһֹա

շΧǽʿ޷УҲ޷ԦзһֻӶɲȥ

ɹ˶ⲻͬĸշܺ档

дԣ˵շסŵǵ裬λ𶾻òֱʥκõӡ

ɹУλӱʥء

û˼ӻָòΪû뿪շ壬շΧǽʥ׼κ˿շ壬ֹʿʶӣеҿ޲ѵ

.

ĸշֻסһˡ

Ψ踥ÿջ

ʱ򣬿ӭվ±ߣһϮذѩȹӰյƻãҪʱ˷ȥ

踥ĽŲʲô

ûʲô

תԺȥһ仰˵

踥ס֣ɢļ棺㿴

ھǨɹǿںһˮû©İԺڵľɫô

貢ûκϲ֮ɫĮش

踥̧°ͣ㲻ģ

ѿʲôʱߣ

踥Ĭ
챦ζãȻ治ȵʯͷԶֻ뿪

ǰֻˡ

ߺܰɣ

ĶпɣѾҪϸ
ˡ踥˵

Ҫ־͹㵱ƤҪŮ߾ߣôõ¡

裺˵ߵɽŮٿɣŮݣ뿪  

ɱңɱҾС

Ĭ

踥ڽЦǣİʦֻģôã
Ȼã͹ԹԴ

ûˣںδʲôͬɹʲôĵر϶޹Ҫʲôʲô

䡣

ҲõţڲҪߣ˵ôһҪĶǾ͸һ˪滨ӰɡҪڽС

踥ӿϲã

ʶܿһ˪滨ӡ

ӹӣֽڸշСûٿһۣϥ±߿ʼ

踥Ҳûвˡ

ֻҪߣֻҪôоӿ޻ϲ

.
Ѹշ嵱չ֮һꡣȥ߾

ϵǿ˪滨Ѿ˴ɹ»ƣͬ

չصҲ̫ˡ
һΣ踥ɤŵŵ㱧Թ

תˣ㻹Ը뿪𣿡

踥һͽסӿķꡣ

ΪʲôÿԶ˵Ļ

˵ҪߣɱˡȻֹ踥ŵصͷԼĸ

һͭذ̽麣λá

踥ӲݺһŻᶯƣ񱯰㲻ںҵѵҲʦֵˣ 

飺ı꣬ѵ



á

ǺãʱʲôԸΪ̰Ϻǣʱ䵽˾Ͱҵűߵʯͷ

С

踥˿ڵЦЦ۾ˡĵذγذףΪƾʵɱ𣿡

ѪӸӿȾɫ£ܿ츹˿ھ䶯ˡ

ȥѲʥ˾ˣǿ󵽼ʹ轫һҲ޷ɱ

һذףֱΣ

򴽡

֪ɱ

Ҳ֪踥ΪʲôôִţǵڹŲɹΧɱʱһΣҪɱҲþˡ

踥ĵ૵Ǳ𡭡

ۣݽ΢Ȼô뿪ҾͻֻҪҾ뿪

ɫһݣͷȴ˵

˫״촽ȴûٿϡ踥ͻȻһѽ

ʲô辪ͫһ

踥Բ߽ԺУȻ˦ϡɴѩڰлһĻȣڽ档 

ܵΣգŸ첲Ҫ

Ȼ踥ȵѹϡϣס°ͣһɨպͲϸ۵ļ֪˵º⣬һԪˣԼΪ֮ˡµǣʮԪˡ

ӿŭ

޳֮ͽ

ʴѩĻӿҪͬھ

踥ס֣ʮָ棬ǽ޳ָǶָ죬ȿֲѩɫ澹Ȼôˡ

Ķˡ

ʵͬھûС

ٶɱңҲԾ׼Ļ£εס衣

踥ϱְϣϢǿƣʮˣԶߣԼѡ

ۣ۽޶²֮¡
ֻñĳ

踥ܲƫͷȥȡһɫ˿סۣôҡʯ㾫µ°ͣݺȥ

˫ӵɲǣƺҲȸԾֻڰԼûôʲôӣҲӲʲôˣΪʲôװ׺ķôꡣ

豻ǵͷƤը΢΢սҡͷӣȴֱ°Ͱȥǵø

ǻ踥ϢǵϮ

ֶص㣬

µȹ⿪Ȼ󶪳֮⣬ؽ屻У.̧ʶҪץסʲôȴֱָǿƵزָ졣

ѩָ÷ۺ쳱ʪ

ҹˡ




77.   77    ˺滨


豾뵱һʬ, ̾͹ȥ踥ֶ̫¡

Ȼûκξ飬ʥͱκֶζҪ

ֻҪ˵˫й, ôᵽ˫й١ֻҪ˵й, ᵽľ, ˲ϵ, ֱ߬Ž, ¶̬

Ϊǳ̬, 踥ȴá

, ԽԽ, ̵ĳԣ˴Ŀġ

ڴϵļ踥ʳ֪ζüֱ뿪Ƭ̣ιˮǽϥ, Կڲιˮٸȥ

ʮûп

ʮ, 踥ڷŹ

.
, Ϣӿ, µĿӿ롣

Ҳյϡ

ű谮ա

֮, ΢΢

֮˽ʵ˫۽ûд, .㾫׳žȹ̣źһһ

, Ӵֱ§§˻ȥ

һᡣ

߲

Ĳ, 踥ֱ۽˽壬÷ȥÿ缡ϵİ߰ߺۼ·

ȹ´齣ڵϣץɫ㣬ĬһֻһֻЬӡ

һĻǱɹκһ˿ǻ𾪵ͭ壬ÿѪ踥ǵʥˣɹʥʿĽǿжô̫񹬵ھжô踥

ֿȵĳԶԶΪΨһһλʱʥˣʿе

Ǳ˿ǵʥڵ贩Ьпܸƴ

谲ֻ΢΢ƫƣһ۶뿴֮ǰҪӿܡ

踥Ȼ

֪Σ˶кý

Ȼ˻ˣһװɡ

踥ǿƵĿǣҴ¡

ͷһһ

.
踥ڳԪˣʵϣԪˡ

ԴӶ˫֮ʵǣһѴ֮͵¹û˱ɵ㾳硣

䱦ֻ䴽һЦֻҪһ仰Ѱҵĵ±ᱻɹѰ

ôЩһζûЦԽĮţһ꼴ήı˪

ʮ굽ˣŵԡױǰĮ

踥ûд𻰣纺÷ٺ԰׵ĴҺˡ赭д˵

ϥϵ߬

踥ڵҲ޷뿪ң𣿡ָ֣Ķ䣬ʱ˲糺ɫ

裬Ǿһòá
ǵղĲ˵ĻѴȴĸű

Ȼ

Ħ棬̶

ʹؿ΢΢š޷ɱ޷ԾҲ޷뿪ʮǰĳŵ֧ŵڵΨһݡ

Ȼôˣ

ôܣ

ް취ʥǰѾʥˡڵ˵ǰ˵ʵжɲ⡣

ǡɡ

ɡ

ɰûһ취Ѫ˿̶ӿӨˮջ䣬ڵϡ

ںƽĸʱûиеڱʴѩĻĥʱûඦͶʱû˸ûŲɹ׷ɱû

ڡ

ƽһӿĸоþ֪ô졣

ͬʯ㲻ɴ۵˵ǻԵġ

踥ɫҰ׵زȥᡣ

Ϊʲô

ûа˵Ļ˲ڵĻǲһоͲһ

ֹһô롣

ȵȣأ

踥ĿȻһ

еֱʾˣʲô

踥סһֻֽסһַֻĺף΢ƣ裬޷뿪ҡ

ԭҡ

һζѻ

꾭һĻĻӿԺȻ׷ݣ֮ǰļ⣬м価Է顣

㡭ͫС

ú踥ޱ齫Եڴϡ

һ˪滨Ȼ飬ɻҽ

ֲصҪһ˪滨ӣڸշ塭ԭ滨ԣ֮˵Ʒﾳһ˪滨Ȼһ¸٣һϥͷ١

˪滨ԭڶ˼ˣ

տ滨ģ踥ļֱڱһգʹ˲ܵĵز

˺滨
ʥ쳹ء

֮£滨Կήȥ




78.   78    ķ


۾Ӵ, ΧİĻԼģŵ˶˻

˹, Խɫպ, Ի̤, òi֮, ʱ·˱ѤòϼֵĺĻ

𺳵ͫ

ôкÿ˵زˡ 

˿, ü۸ϵ֮ɫ, Ŀҫ۵ҲƺȾ, оô

ڴӵŽɻ󣺡ʶң 

ҵȻʶ, ķ˫ǵһۿ裬ǲʧˣ

Ŀɿڴ

겻ôʲô

ȵȡ

Լ֡

ⲻС֣

һȦǽߵױ´, Ьؿ첽ߵԣȻھԿžˡ

ھпһ˵Լ

Ȼ, ª  

վ踥лް֮ɫһš

ܻ֮, ΪСʱ˶Ļ𶾸, ֻ˲, ֮´߶˻𶾡 

迴žԼʼϸϸ롣

ļ仹ͣʦֺŮ̸, ߳筸Ȼںӱ߿ˮôһۣɹһĵط, ǰλɣԳˡ 

Լһӳˣ

⵽ô£

ͷʹŶͷһ踥Ӻס

Ĵһ

²Լ˶Ы, λ˾ȻˣԳԼķ

ôˣ踥ǳЦʡ

ɻʣ㲻ݿɲ𣿲±ҴȾ𣿡

ҷˣô㡣踥ˮǣס֣ʮָۡ

Ǹĳª֣ɫָ޳ֳԽɲ

㡭 
𺳣ԡ

ͷһβԼ˶Էͷ֮ǰĸҲûͷ
ʵǰ˳ùò̫Լô·ʯƽŪ˶Է  

֡

踥ͷһɲǾͱˡ  

һϸͷ˸ָ࣬Ȼץץ°ڣٽ֮ǰļ䡣踥뱻ᡣ

踥е㷢䡣

Щ֪ô筼˸˶Դ裬ͬѾߺߣ綼ȫֻأͶ̥ΪͶ̥ΪˣԶǻᱻͬһ

軹ûмǿǣһͷ̫ߵСޣЩš
˳ɫЩ޴롣

ĿܻᴫȾģҺܳªѿ

踥˭˵ģҾÿŶܿɰ

˵Ѿദ˼꣬ҪȾ紫ȾˣԸⱻ㴫Ⱦ˵žȻĶͷס

ļһ

˾һˣȻԼͷĸҲ׵ȥ

踥㲻ϲ㣬ҾͲˡ

ĬƬ̣ûлش仰ͻȻʣΪʲôʧ䣿

踥ζݵΪʥʥ˷ˣ´βҪ̰ˣţ

ٵһһˮܽС

迴˫Ưò񻰵۾㶵

.
踥ǿ󵽳

ںƽ۷Ǿ֣澳Ǵ˵еˣ֮ľʲô֪֪ˡ

澳֮ǻ麣龳֮Ǽ龳ǵ񾳡ն񾳣ն֮һż۵⣬ֱ߾ϾȻǵ޽֣ʥ˾ 

ķ踥Ȼʥ˾ʱΨһһλʥˡ

ƽ˵ȥһҳļͿҲֻһ΢ĻҳֻҪһͷǳŵĸҲֻת˲֮䡣

ȥɹɽš

ɽʯϹڶ飬ʿҲ޻ޣǽԴͷǣϣһֻܱɹɽţʥڵĵطһЩ

ǽ踥ոһգ긴һعţõϳʯƤ̦

ԽԽס

ֻǸ񣬱֮ĳª֮ˣʵ΢Ϊʲôʥѡ£ҶԷеϲװġ׿ʲô 

Ϊʲôң̲סʡ  

踥ʲôͫЦΪǼι  

ܽȥ𣿡

Ȼ

ױԣ踥һ߰һ߿ʼȥĹ¡

һԣƽĺֵڣҶƬл䣬ŵʱ򡣡 

΢΢һ¡

ƽ˺ܶ

ôǵò

踥ᣬȴһ˿Ц⣬ĳôõĳڹˡ
Ĩ֮⣬΢Ķһ䣬ֻһ㡣

иСŮߣ¶һںӱߡʱǡþƽ򣬲֪ģСŮһ͹Цһ䡮߶ˡ

СŮССһһǣ˵ԽֱӴȥҼˡ

һˣСŮһӼҪһҲҪҾôˡ

š

踥ɤ˵û뵽СŮÿԼ䣬ظҿĸ첲˵һᱻȾ
˵ᴫȾϵĸǻ𶾸ֻΪ𣬹ʶˡ

ױǰʱĳϵı𽥱͡

ԭİȷķӦ˵Ļ

ֻҪһ£ľ΢΢¶

踥ǰƽзĹһһʮϸϸؽһ飬ֻǰǴ滻Լ
㿴

ͷ

翵ĺУһʢɫ֣֦ï

ž֮ʱںϵԻ˺ƽ£ΪҶ˶ļ֤踥̾ϢʮϧȪϸĽࡣ

ԭıԨԴɲεؾһ£Բ𡭡һ㶼ǵˡ

踥΢ЦûϵȥļûоûˣиʱǡֻҪ߾ͺá

š֣صͷ

ķǸܺõˡԺҪһЩԺҪÿȪǿ 

˶٣ʣ֮أ

踥ľϸϸΪ֮ᷢҾʹ˹Ųɹ

ʱڹŲɹɹһƽӣŲɹʴѩҪ֣ҴӳŲɹ  

Ѿǰ˻عʥû˻ĻԣʹඦҲңѾɷĹŲɹ͸ˣ

Ҷ˾˼Ϊ֮Ҷ˱ǿˣɱϹŲɹǽµɹ֮ˡ 

踥õķϲϷǳǳһЦˣ㿴ôÿ𣿡

迴˿еԼ

ٸʣλ΢΢ҡҷɢԡ

ƯٺλȴǸ˳ªĻ֮ˣ;һŶ컯γԱȡ̫ˣʵ䲻ǿķ  

ܺÿᴹ۽ޡ

踥Ҳڿӡ
۵׵Աشʹһ¡ڻ𶾵ʱ򣬵õĸһЩ

踥ſ˫۴ӺӵסļͷļѴƵģ衭Ǹ

ԥƬ̣Ҳſ˫ӵס  




79.   79    뻳

ʧúܳ, ǹȥľͷҲһͬøɸɾ

ĳڸշʱоԼƺܿʴѩ̽, һ


һѩɫкȻܳ, ǰʱѩٻ١

ǵ, ʴѩεȰԵ, ųһӾִˡ

ֲȶѸ, ӡ桢齡ȫ, ԺһӦƷԲǷҲֵס, ת˲֮, շ嶼ڻС

ͬ͸շıĸԴҲڷڻ

ջѩ𣬵ʧˣΧ޴ز֪ô졣

򵥵ľˮᡣ

շȼ, ӵȥһȼյѩɫ̫ȶҲȷʵֲ̫, پһС

е踥շȼ, ͷһ, һԽշ, Ȼ

踥ʱüأΪ˭ɱ, ʶųʴѩ𡣵֪̽һȴûиܵϢ

˭𣿡

踥֪Լ˻εû, ԼСŪģղˡܰѻ𣿡

踥΢١

ԼСŪģһľӵĵҩԼ𶼿Ʋˡ

, û֮ļ䡣

ļĨˣ裬ûЩҲǻġ踥һʱζ
ҽ㽫ջȥ

һˡ

Ļ˵˾ˣǿС֪˵ж⣬ЩһֱȪϸĽ࣬ǳһɶҪʧˡ

ǵ߬ס伱

踥ͫ˸

û뵽ôĹ¶ƭģˣ֮ͬĹ¡

踥Ž۾Խºͣû£ҿԭ¡ 


ס֡

ɫ覹ָ޳ס˫СЩģ֡

շѩܣֻΧ֮ظɸɾ˳˽֣Ϫˮӿֱۡ 

ľ

ӯֱתȥѩ𣬽ѩѩ֮ӡ

踥վļһߴһݣǼϵβ

ܵɵؿǣֽţޡ  

˳踥һ

۾Ѱҵ˺Χʴѩ㣬һ㽫սڡ

˫

ʴѩŰĸշһͿԺʧˣʮɣԭĵطֻʣһҽ 

۵صͷҽ

踥ûſ֣ѹġ

ʱݡ踥

Ƶعշϵʱ䷨򱻹Ȼ漣ˡ

ٵһ㲻ʣԺשǽĸԴ棬漣һ㸴ԭֱٻǰ÷ֺ

ÿһƬ궼Σһ㶼ܹԵƻ翵ĺˡ

΢΢˼ؿܡ

ɲ°ɣ

Ϊʲôô˿ȵس踥ˣƺҲʼˡ

лл
̧ͷĿġ

踥΢΢һȴлңһ¡΢΢ŵЦ

Ϊÿһ˲⡣  

ǰ迴鿴һ仰˵ڹǲƤ˵Ƥǣͬÿһ˿¡
ƫƫǿߣζɲò

ĺȻ΢΢⣬ӿ죬ſڽࡣ
ҡҡ

ͷ

ߴԼ鲼֣类ˮ˲ˡ

轩Ӳذ˿ȥȥһҶˣҸ˽ô𣿡

踥Ǻεȶղһ˲˵  

ȸԾȴʧȻ֮ɫ·شƵЦЦԽ㡣

տʼ踥ʼһ趫

Ȼһͨзε֮࣬һ̾ʮꡣ
ʮ踥̵ñκ˶Ҫϸģ᲻ͷ 

ʱݺܸȤ踥ǵҲŻһЩС

ԽСʱԽ̣Խ׳ɹ 

ڳɹ𻵵Ĳյ𻵵ӺѪ˸շ壬ɹѰҵһֻõϣʱݡ

ʧˡ

ϻȥ踥ϱȲյӸСΪʲôûгɹ

踥ǲͬģлǡ

Ӳˡ
ô˵ûо𣿡

УֻɢǰҾסľ꣬ȴûоסֻϵĻǣʶʧܡ

ˡ

踥ЦԴʥ˾ɣʱݻ̫ľˡ

ܵʥ˾
΢١

ÿʱֻž޵˲ܳɾʥˣΪԼʵ˵ʵԼڼʱòʵ踥·ȻܳʥƵġ

ǲһֱܺԼε

šͷ

踥֣Ҹ㡣

Ӳȥ

踥˵һ仰ȻȻ죬۾΢΢

ϥڴϣ°ͺЦ
ᱡڴֱϻ䣬¶һ覵ɫСۣһ˫һʣʥ𣬸˵ܽ᣺ֻҪ١

վ𣬲ٿһۡ

ҽ컹δЬŲ΢ң˲ܵӰ١

.
ǱӺףʮϸĽ̵ԼѾġ

ԽԽκԼĻ𶾡

֪

֪ûʧԼһλʦڵԵһ֪ԽҲͷ

û뵽˼Ȼת踥ҵ𶾵İ취

ˮ䱦븡շ塣
ܿ죬Ļ𶾱ѹ

踥ǣ֣ױ֮ǰžԼʵ㡣

ھǰؿžеԼ踥վ鱦ھнӳ䡣

лл
תԤ׵Ĳӣһڡ

Ĵѵˮһš

踥ɲǼ䣬ͫ
ܳ־ϲԣһʱ֪˵ʲôʲôŽӲƶԭء

裺ԲҰ֮ǰһжˡؿϴγգ溬޾Ǹ⡣

Ǹ⣬΢ɼᰮ⡣

Ǹﶼ纮ĵˣµĹ壬µĸɾµĴ⡣ڻٳ͸Ȫˮ峺ףޱ

֮ǰ踥ȱ˵İʡ  

ǵģڼʡ 

ݼΪ˻ʱͿʼˣʱûԼ⣬ӷ̫¡

ǻǸӿͷ踥Žߵ裬ۿ֪ˡ

Һûüֲ
ԺҲˣҲˣ˻ؼĵ¡  

裺ôˣ  

ӿϻţȥˮ

踥öģƵ˵ûޣң̫ˡ  

ȻΪޣЦ᣺ǸԺ󶨻㡣˵̧ʪѻ𳤽ޡ

踥ҧ̣ݵҾͲ˰

ţ

ɻ

ģɰżϲͺ̽°͡˵£Ȼĵ¡׼

踥Ȼۣһѽᱧ  

ѩɫڿлĻȣЦ§סĲ齣ģ󷽣ֻǶȴı糺ɫ

踥˵úݣֻ

ʲôûֻǽؽڻ뻳õãȻ󻼵ûʧһҹߡ 

һж͵ġ




80.   80    ָ


΢, ϣһ޵踥֮ǰ۾װ˯

Ȼ, 踥û齵Ķ۽޲, ˫װѡ

ȻͶһǳЦ, 硣

踥⧲, ֱݺɱһΡһֱԳ, ⻹һƺ

Ѿõͷѿڶǳװɣ

辪ȣǲѾ𣿡

踥˶٣ǳ, ֻǰ´ª, 벹ʽһĵ´, ˻Ҷ˵Ĺϵ

á

˵ʲô

ڴЦ˵˵ãĻȻûʲôе, ڰ˻ظʿļ֤£ٽһס

仰踥֪ԼηӦ, о۾е㷢Ʈˡ

Ȼôף

ͬˣ

Ҫʽɵˣ

.
ɹС

踥߸, ֧Դ, Ĳɵŵµ»㱨

׷ԲԵĽеʥ, Ķصﴦһӣǳ, Ͼʿ֮УӦþʥҪѰҵ

ɹԽһֱѭʥּѰҸ  

踥ķΧͳ, ҲصúΣɹôһֱѰңչҲܻЩҲѰҵ, ҲǵĻǾǵԽ˴ˡ

˶Ľ׵ʥ͡  

û뵽踥ȴ˵ȸţȫ׼ĵ´䡣

˾㵡
֪ʥҪģҲ׼ȡӲͻ
ʥ˵ضҲֻһ֮ңѡ
ѰϢʥ𶼻һʱ䴩Խȥ̽ȡξȻȥ

˶Щ귢Խηʥ𣬲һ˿Υ档

ǡ

.
ٽ

ɹȻ׼ʥĵ´䣬շϵҲ׼

ôû͹踥ʲôΪһϲ
ʲôֺܿ죬˵ǲ»Ǵ壬ѣһ踥ϲ޸ĸζ⡣

ҪʱȻһˮһѪ߳

ûʧ䣬һϳ̨̫ʥŮᰡʧˣֻǷߣüͷʣ˭

Լ˵ؿڣ̧žڴ԰ѩ衣

ѹʹۣҪģ

ԭָòĵģ⸱òʹǵһ˵ѩʥŮҲμ穰ɡ

ؿмҵ

ֿĻȣȻǵˡ

ϲ䣺ʶҡ

᰹Ц

ֹʶ

ʮǰʥȻֶԸඦඦ˲Ϣ֮ڻҷֵ̫֮񹬡̫񹬣ͬʮԱĨȥΨһ

ʥûһ仰

ǰܻ֣֪̿Ϊʲôʥ

֪һΪʲôΪ跢֮ǰĲǹŲɹඦҪ֪˶ȥ

ɹйصģ鷳㣬Ĩؼ䡣ɹ޹صģֱɱˡ

ʥЩԽǿЩʥ˵Ĩȥϻҳǰס 

ΪȫȫǸԣô΢ɣ

Ӷˣۺɭɭ

żҹ𣬶ΪǰˣΪѪɺӣһеףȴشȴף

踥ְ־ֺޡ裬ǴĺˡҪۣ 

۾

Է߲ơ

ǰ˵ʵûų֣㵽˭

ᰣ˭ҪҪǲǵԼ˭ǲǵˣ

˵ʲôֱ˵ɣҪӡ 

Ҳ֪ʱȣʱпܱʥ֣һŻ飺ʥƭ㣬㰮ˣ֪ˡ
ʥඦˣһඦûнֻأǽ;򣬷һŻ顣

ûȥӡ
һǿҵ˲š

ҡʹѹ̫ɲˣһʦǸɢĿʦ֣

ʦ֡
Դ˵һ¡



źţʥ𼴽ɹźš

ֻǸ΢߾ʿƾԼζǱɹġ˳Ҫɹһ˽Ӧ

硣

Ǹķӡ

ʥڽΪɹЧķֻĨļ䣬ȴΪʥ𣬶ðҶΣգҪƵ´䡣

Ѿ͵ˣǱƭһӣǵ֪࣬ȡ㡣

˵᰾Ծ

֪סǱűģʢŭʥ֣Ծȥֻأǻһ 

ǰǹһĨЦ

ΪĻͿ֮ᱻ

.

趢ŵϵʬ忴˻ᣬָѩʬٻ١

鱻طϡ

վ˺ܾã̧ǿŻ飬ָս֮ͷ  

ӿ֡

ඦĵɽףվڵɽԵɽʯϣǣСŮ֣һʰϡ

ʦϣСŮඦڶͬŵΧ°ʦɸСŮԴЦᣬ˵Ժʦ֡

ʧļһĴ̼£һһλ

ãâʧ

ॡ
䵽ϡ

ָѣüվȣֳϣڴڴͷָ΢΢Ŷ 

̫бղݡ  

费ͷվӰУܾúܾãֱ踥ĵ

踥Цϻҵһű飬ҹ˷ʺ衣

ΪϷ

˾ǣʹǱҲĵȻʧɫ

ǵĵ´ˣԺ㻽ҷһˡ踥ӵžҸֻۣĴè 

  
ھǰհף촽ᶯ

֮ķɽŮĽ֮ˣǰ˻عʥɱߣϴȥˣʮϤĽ̵ˣǼɵµˡ

踥񣺡㲻ģ

ȡϲûвģֻǺմ飬ϲһʲôƣʶЩ

ɵ裬ʲô÷ģʲôҶϲԭΪ踥ģЦе˵




81.   81    Ϊ


´Ӻܿ쵽

һ, ɹַǷ˻ظŵ˶ǰأĻǼ, Ц, , ռȡ

պϼƱ鲼, Ƕ, ڰҲԡ

ٶ, ͬĵĺɹ, ɽ, 뵣ȥϼϲá  

ǰһղͬޣ踥Լ޵˯, һ˵Ĵӵ˸շ塣

ӣշΧĽսȡˡ  

շλɹĴ, ҲǴ˴δľٰص㡣踥ʽ, е´䡣

շ, ֦Ϲźŵջ, мƳ䣬ӺӺ֮쳹ʡ¹ĴЦ, вͣ˵ż

ϼ̳ɵĺ̺һ̵ֱշ塣

ķҷ

һɫϲ۵踥䵽շϡ۽üҾЦ⣬ɫ覵ӱӳյ΢΢죬òϲñԽҫۡ

ֵ´һԳ˾ǧŰپʮҲȻʿ, λϷЦеڱͣҲԺеͽŵ踥ʱ쵽

²ãʱ, ˿˿ƴ䣬ɵշΧߴԺе֡

Ժӳٳûж

踥ϲõЦһʧ

ӸղżʱǿԺٿȻð̫ˣСԺʮλױĹԭ˵żڸոգЩȫʧˡ

ʥһɹ˺ͱǶȣϵҲ·˱

踥ԺС

ŵƽʵ⣬ǻԵһء

ĿⴥЩµĹڵͫһŲδͣȴỺһȥ

š
벼õϲռǲ

ŴѥĽͣڴԱߡ

غɴ᣺󣬱ôϲһѩ£žڴϣ䣬֬ױ㣬ذ׵ͬŵǽû滨֦

ϵ˺ܰҲûС

š

踥վڴϣͷհ׵ؿһᣬͷɢǳףϵֻһʧȥ˻Ĳ

ֱڴ£ͷǽ滨֦

֮ǰûκֻƬֻ֦

滨䱻Ĩʧˣ֦ʲôԶ

滨֦覣ɢʵİɫع⣬ӳյָ߬Ҳѩ׵úѪɫ

踥˿£ָ
滨֦ɢʧָ⡣

̧˵ڿʼѸٱ仯Ӱó⼸ոշз£ᰣ飬ָʱģ

ıͼʥʥ˾þòһƾٽȥƣ׳ŵӽȥȴʥڴ齱߿ŴϵˣһҼž

ʥ𣿡  
˵֣λҵ̫ϳϾͻҷ

踥ûпһֻۣͷעʬѩ״ɫʺ죬ڷԼձߴ䣬ëŨڣһֲ̬ޡ͵͵Ц

衭
ȥָᴥ𽥱ñૣ̾Ϣ˰

֪һܺҡ
ŭĻԣŪʮദ

ǣҿɱңΪʲôҪԾأôģǶɢˡ踥˫΢΢˫ںƯԭʢǹ⣬ȴǿã

ʬ岻ش

踥ֵ͵͵ЦԴ𣺡ˣ֪ɱңܶпᱨڴ֮գ˵ʱ뿪ңҴƶ˵ԨҸܵʹ࣬ˡ

ڸеʹ顣  

·𱻶ᣬǹɱһֱӵ֫ٺѪҺס 

˵ı⣬ȴ޲ǰǿԵģʱ޼ɵΪûеõʲô¶ó
ʮǸûмǻϲļ֮ĥƽˡ

ں޲

ɫɴ᣺ش䡣

踥ǻҰܣǴɬṴ𣬿ѩžݣʳԼ֪⣺û֪֮ǰûôһ㰮أ  

ʬ岻Ӧ

踥ر۾

һɣôһ΢İθͷȡڵ֪ɲǣһ΢İ񱻺ߵĿҶ˲ʧӰ١

ԶԷ˲пֶα

ëʪˮ۽ǻ¡踥֣֪ԼˣֻǼͷʬ˵  

踥ΪģΧһ㿪ʼڻ߽⡣

磬Σ棬ͬɳмԺҽɹ˺ͲıҲ𽥻ΪɻңǾӣȴӲɷĩĽ֡

踥δţ̧

ƽˮϴ˫һƽĺˮ
裬Ҳ

һɡ

ϻѪ˫΢ΪʱݡͬƵ쳹ء

ǽ̹ûݵķʽȻ飬ȴû綼ݣôȥҲ鷵

ٿȻʼ𵴡

ʱ⿪ʼ

еһоԷ飬ϵʬͱϵ踥

踥ɻҽʧʱ䳤У͸Ļ廹ԭأ籩еĲҧάʱݣ񱩵ķĳ

ҵУ踥һ޵ϲص׼´䣬һлںڰȼգ֧š

ϲͬʱһģһˡ

ѹҪʳƬ

綼ʱݣ˶£ʱ踥ǰ֮ƴȫʶ

ջ֧סˣʱ꣬һ׼ͣʱ

źĽˣЩҲΪʵĹ¡

踥ĻҪ֧ŵͷʱԥˡ

ڻӰпָʱ޷վģôʹ࣬ϧҲҪܴһԭ˰ɡ

Ѿ΢޷˼

ƾһ˿صļȫмͣڷ֮ǰ
Ϊ仯鳹ɢûܽ뼸ǰԼļ䷴ʧʱպ֮С

.

踥ǰеļʧˣֻʣ±ܡ

ʶ֮;ԼλʥŮˣҪע⣬ҪЦ֣ڲɽᣬʹһͬȥȡ衣׵ȥʱѴȻ

֮ϲҲֵַûʲôٶ

˺ܱҲ˺ˡһͷצޣʹʧŭҲֻĬĬ  

.
顣
ķβǻصԼڡ

ԶþóĬ

޷ȥվڶˡ

ǰ䱻ĨȥǰǺġʧ֮ЩЩҲʵġһԷȣڽΪ

Ծ¡

УԾ貢ûʶ𣬶ڷβı£ӽǿ֮¡踥ԼĻҲˡ

µʵݡ

ɡ
Ǵ˵еɡ

ֲãϪʥ˿ʱҪȾһԼΪҡ

ɡ

Լ󣬾ȻһתʱⳤӣҲϧ޷ݡ

޷˺ޣҲܰİദ˵İѡ

ӣӵͬмҳײͷҳ顣ֳȴǳĬƽ

ɽŨȡɢˡ

羰续

ǰȫˣûзŭûʣֻ޾ĳĬܾöû˵

ȡȡ
Ŀ˼ĳšؿڵ͵͵ؿ˼΢΢˻Ρ

踥ǰһסĸ첲վȺ̷ſ͵͵˵κðɡ

Σ
֮ǰ˵Ҫɵ²޲麣ô

踥۽޴䣬ǿع˹żǸͼȣʵǰҵʥ˾޸ˣֻΪ˽ģԲšǸ

סĺ󱳣ɢɺ⣬Ϫʥɾ麣Ҳ޸

Ƭ̺۾Ѿָ麣л

ãҲΪ˾Ҳ˵ġ

Ĭ
ԭΪ˻ͷħǵĶ飬Բȡڡ֮仹

踥̰ؿ  

ĵվԼǰһϲϵǡǾ߻ɢʬѪ˿

ϢĸоپڶΡ

ģԺ󲻻ٱˣֻҪƽƽžͺáЦЦ۾ͨ죬ȴʮᣬƬ̣βƭ㡣

ǻȵĸ鶼ѹõĵˡ

š
޻˵ߴڵϣĬһ

踥˿ʳ˿ڣ֮ʲô㣬Ը𣿡 

ϪʥҲָˣټǰЩļ䡭Ҳûɸߣվ̲סһ˿ϣס˺ȴĻش

裺һ̫񹬡

֮ǰڽȴѾָûɲȥһ̫ļңҲҪȥʦƽ

õ֮еĻش踥 

裺أкδ㣿

ٰɹɣ֪ģһЩҪҡ

š

֮ĪǾñط꣬ȴ֪˵ʲôĲ̫ѡ

裺һȥˡ

踥ȥɣ  

ˣҿԼȥ

Ǻá
踥ɫ԰ȴûǿβҲκãЩΪȻݸ衣
Ͼ΢еãԱ㡣

л

÷β㻯󡣷β㲻̫Ըûлε踥ǰ۰Ͱ͵ؿʾˡ

βΪʱ飬ؿ˵ľ踥һĴȣɰبųɣ 

˻о仰е֮½ϣʵϣӦ֮½ϲŶԣʥˣҲֲʱʴʧʱС߳йʱϪʥˣڻǴӣŵǿ  

Ψɣ档

ôһȰǰκԼ˾ǲԸ˿ϵͻֵľ룬Աľ룬Լȥ

踥΢΢ҡҡͷ

β㼱ˣˣҧסӣǲߡ

һĳͭ㳵ضԷβ˵Ҳɡ

ͭ㳵복ڡ

βˣſ踥䣬󺰣˱߰

ͷͭ㳵˿ûµ˼

踥䣬˰ѷβգȥɡҪеκι¶




82.   82    鷵


β׷ͭ㳵

û˼, ͭ㳵Ķͷϡ  

߿յķǺͷ˿ɫձʢյĹյԽף׵üЩ԰ˡϥڷβ, ֱʥŮģ, , Į, ɽӽ

֪踥˿ڵͷ, ֱ뿪Żʧ
ûеͷһۡ

 

βǳɫ, תŸ£ȫ, ͷϵ, ȻɲʧС

βϾֻһգ۵Ĺ򣬾ʹӱյ̫񹬽⡣  

ȡơ  
̫ɽŵĽͬѵˮмѿββν
Żͬϼɴβ, ͷ޴Ʒɽ̫񹬵ɽС  

βӰ̫񹬵ǽ۾

βԴɽͷƯ볡, һѶϢ͹Ϊ֪, ̫ԼĵȻҲ֪ġ

ʱһ, ʧٵʥŮƽˣ

̫񹬷ˡ

̫˵ǻֳꡣ

ʥŲؾ, ʿʬǺˮһӿɢڸ, Ƿп᳡˵جΡôʿȥųȴȡ

ʱ򣬸ŶڲͣԼŵӵʬ, ŵնһ̫Ҳԡ

̫񹬵ӵʬǶҵˣŵĵҲһһع, ΨһʬǵʥŮ

ҵ˵ؾڶ㿴ǵʥŮڵؾ
һʼ̫񹬵˻ʥŮܵõʥ˴еϣڴؾãʥŮȴȻټ

ƽΪβعΪβѶ

ʥŮʦҲԴ˼ڲԣŹȥĬֻ˵һ䡮֪

ʱȥʥŮþδ飬ܶĬʥŮ

˷绪ҲʥŲأ֪жټ꿡˴ܴʹԪİ˻һ˵䣬һ㰧ɫ  

֮ħ̴ħƵ֣ħɫӣŶæɱħæֹħߡ

һһĴ̫Ҳԡ  

ڣϼѤõķβ㣬и߾ڷβͷϵذӰ̫񹬻ͬעʻ

ӻˣ
̫ˣҾ˵û£
Ƿϣ߼ֿЦ

һǷ壬ͬɽ˶ѰҼԼûվյǣ˲١һֱ֪ٹ̫꣬񹬾͵ѡʥʥŮˡ

ॣ
Ͼ޴¯

ۿϲؿΪ̫Զֻаƴķβ㣬ĨѤõɫӳͫУнͷ⡪û

ֹһ¯ˣкöʦĵҲˣ˭û⼸¯ٵĵ޴ϲû˸ϵˡ

̫񹬵һʱ棬ഫϲѶеӿϲض˵ʥŮƽ˵᲻ᡭ

᲻ʥŮʥ˴У

βͷϡ

ǸĿɨ塣

֮ǰϪʥû¸̫ʶûû빬бƽ

Ծܡ

Ƕˡ

̫񹬵Ĺ׾Ԩο֮ɫͺá

裺ùλϹˡ

׾ԨϢʢЩβ㾹ȻѾϾһ񣬺ϣʣѵ˵ʥ˴ˣ

Ҳס̫ܳһλʥˣǸǶôĵһ£

ĿУҡҡͷ

׾Ԩһ΢ʧĻǿƽϲãЦûоûУܻųͺãЩȥˣɰʦĻˡ

һλϽ׷ʣ֪˭˴У

ڲɵʱʥ˴пŵĴ£Ǳŵ˻ã类̫гŻã̫񹬾дˡ
Ǳ׼ܽύĽύԹ޷ύľ뾡취ɱܵȶԷɳ  

ƽʥŲûдУֻһλŵʥˡ

ʲôһ仰羪ףը̫񹬸߲˵ʥѾʧʱлŵʥˣ

費˻񣬳׾Ԩ׵Ⱥʦһƽݺ˵ɷ񣿡

׾Ԩص˵ͷ

ſϿһѱɫԿ׳֣ԿڰУʼתȻԽתԽ죬ջһųĿĹâȻ  

âûһȷˮմųǰӴ㹻ɻķβͨ

մŵһϤıѩ硣  

˵ĿУβմš

.

ҰһƬѩס

β㻯ذƴСԷεķϡأ̤ϡ

̫ѩô

ȥǰããһƬǳɫĻƮѩϾѩģģķѩһӰī䣬ҷأڴ

ǵӰؿ΢ȡ

һǰδеʶܽصǸСԺжܰǰĵжʢǶļҡ 

ļ̫񹬡

ͬţʦӡһжĹСԭΪҲزˣҲ޷ʦĶ顭  

ʦ𡣡
ǵӰ£ףͷѩ׵ı档Тͽ顣  

ǵѩ׵Ӱ

ɫĻ£ǴСѩвŲڱϣнĳȵ졣

һ衣

ɨԼͽһȦĬû˵罣ɫϲŭѱ棬ϸȴܲüۼĳŭ

΢в

ʦƺŭˣȴ֪Ϊʲô۽޴䣬ʦ𲻿ڣҲ˵ԳЩ

ãǿڣ֪ԼлΣա־仺͸⡣

ʧٵЩʱգʱԷǰģʱãȴȻ֪ԼΣյġ
»زȥǰ˼ߵסǣԼԲԸԼʶʶС 

ʦ𡭡Ȼ̧ͷ

ѩг΢΢˪ݣףʦˡ⻹һμʦŭ

ʦˡ
Ǹεһ

˼Ƭ̣һЩԼʦ

踥ʥ˾˻ԼҲ踥Ҫؽɹɹһ𣬰˻صĸֽᷢ޴ı仯ǰ̫񹬡

˵ǰȺԵĻôɹĳ־һֻͻ͵̫  ֺΧȺǶȻʧɫʹ̫Ҳֻܸס 

ʦɻǵ÷ɽŮ




83.   83    ħ


, ȥ踥֮ȥݻؾʥŲغһһʦ

þò 

Ϫʥ˵¼, ֻ踥ѵʥ˾ʵ, ̫𾪡Ҳǰ벽ʥ, Ǳ, ֻ, ѹš

ѩĺһ, ϸѩ۾ͣƮڷ˿, ͷ䡣
费ͷȴ, ֪ⷬڰڵ̻¶ܷõʦĿ嶡

洫΢΢̾Ϣ

ԭϪʥˡϪʥҲйţΪУû뵽ŵš
ǵڽѩǴЩĸп

Ϫʥǿ˸ľǿ, û뵽ûȥֻͶ̥ϱɰ˰ɽĹֵʴ, һ

˻صʿǽΪĿ, ϣгһյ, Ϊȴ֪ʹʥ˶ֻƳЩϰˡ

çʱʱϹʱйʱһһ, ߳ڲͬʱʥһһ䡣ƣ±Ǩ, ǿʥ˵ҲʱпдֻܳأبΨɡ
ϧ翵ɴδֹѷ׵治, ֤޷֤

֪踥ʲôͷ΢΢ü  

λʥءرˣʱҪʥȹȥѵö̫࣬λʥ˵ĳλϹʥ˵ת, Ҳ˵ͨԷֻͨһδϴά꣬ʵ

Ӳ֪
ջû踥²˵

ǿǰ˲ٵĵӡ

Լͽкܶܡûнε֪ԼΣգǷǰ֪ʥŲػῪ
ε״һλʥͷʡ

ǽ⣬̵ħ̲ⱣħƵеӽַħΪʥŮҲʣ׼

ǡ

ǻʹڹҲСĲҪմħѪʱת巨Ϣ죬񡣡 

裺ʦ𣬵뼴ȥħ

ľϢֻҪͣЪһۣеһĻĻͻϯ೤ˮݽסקļס

.

ǡ

ʱֵ죬ڳģɫδλڱ֮صĳǳػڳ˯С

ٿȻ䣬ƽǱһ˻ߵĴơħˣӰħˣ

ǽͻȻųҫۻ⡣
ǴĻѵڳĻ޴ײһ಻شʲôײǴ󣬶ҡǳࡣ  

˲侪ˡ

ħƵĲ´žлŲٱˣ˵ħʱĲҿ
ڣбŸҡ

ڽҹױϣ˾ӡ

һʰʮܰСԺڣŮ˴˯оѣŵ³ŽǱر⡣

Ů˻ﱧŸ꺢ӣ˯ʵ۾״

ħˣǿߣߣ
ʰҲ·ЬˣԾ˱źӣһڴǡ

ǲֿħ˱سǵĳûħΪʹӮˣմħѪҲɡ 

СԺͷ۽ͨ帲ǺɫƬ񿥽׳ͷжǡǵޣûʯзֻ

۽ƺҲ֪٣ǻ궯ֻǰ̤ŵ棬ס˻

Ժ⵽ǱӵˣҲ

һ˸۽ԺšǽͻȻ䡱һ춯صľ޴ײǷ󻪹˸̶

۽ϣ޶ֱֱסǣëȻҲݡ
Ƿˣ
ô졭

ǻ֯˳ΪǴ󱻹ƣ˳ӵԽӷ񿥵۽ԺŴǰ𣬱ǿһ˻ҪײȺһ·

סûȥ

ˣ漱˵侲ͷȴðϸϸܵ亹

޾ħӿ

Щħȣ˸߰壬˳Σϰͣٶȼɣֻ輸׷ǣӲߡ

īɫƤħոȺӣЩħ֮ȺһƬƬ£ҽ˷

ԾҲˣͫ׾ɵ㡣СҲ֪ͷץĸ׵½һԣСҰס

ԾϱźӴ۽һ߷ˮ״ܣһߴҴҶԺţ

۵
Ժűأмľ˨һлҶ⡣

Ծźӳ嵽ˮױߣСŽˮˮ棬ٵصˮ۷ʲôҪ֪𣿡

С۳ˮУ۾ֵ̿üͷԼĸײ԰׽صͷ

ӵͷԾûжϻγԼ䵶뿪ɷһվԺУ粢ȴħϮǵ۽վԱߣػҲ׼ӭս

ת˲֮䣬Ժűħײơ

ͷħԭܰСԺСڰӿ޺۽ħΧˡ

.
еˮڡ

С۶ˮԼ죬ס۾ɱҽͷʱˮϴ

ˮϢݣˮܱһ

Ÿսˮвãʱԭ˵ʲôȴؿƵûģ֫䣬һ˲Ҫˡ
СˮаԼһСš
дСԼīīС۲롣ֻ۾㶵ؿŸױڣоǰһƬڰȻʲô벻ˡ

ܿ죬˻ʧˡ

ȻĸĺҲʧˡֻĳֶʳѪ

С۱ս۾ʼ߶µطŶʶشϢ쵽ˮС

ʱͻȻоͷʲô

ʶʲôСȻͣһ˲Ųһ̧ͷ

ˮ⣬ųªħſˮֱ

Сͫ۾ֱСɷףĿ־ԲСȥһ˿Ѫɫ

ֻħһЦȥˮץСġ

ڼħצץС֮ʣͷħ׵رѩ׻֣ȻȻճɻҽ

轫ʪСˮ

ѩֻħپȴû˵Сһ˿һڶѩƵø磬ѩͬʱȶȡ֮ǰڴˮʱΪʴѩճǽͣ͵ٷ  

ˮ׵СŴ죬ǰʤѩÿò˵裬ɵסˡ 

ûüգۣǰ˺Ȼʧԭء

.

ͣڰУƮߴ䡣

ӰȥؿǶɫСħǣīɫѪɫӽ֯СԺûһȫĵط

ħкܶ࣬紺ˮͷ̩ɽħֱ¸һСħ˿ʲôֶλġħͬƷͬħ겻ͬħͬ

ʵǿСħǱȽϼֵһ֣ȴħɵΣҪöࡣ

һһ̫

۽ޱء

ˡ
һ־޴ٿȻһѩ׵ɵ֣ĹâתҹĻлһ־޴Բ¡ɡ

ԲɲǣеɫСħΣգ̧ͷ
֪ãҪܣˡ

ɱһţſ֡

Ȼ̶һشصѩʼս䣬˺ѩΨȴֲΣա

ѩƬһƬƬХž׼ؽ䵽ħϡ

Щԭǿ޼ɵħ·һű׵ȼڱѩɲҽжͱ׷ճɻҽ

Ӵʶ糱ˮǣħƬƬȥûһֻħ©Źգ֮䣬ҵǻָеİ

ܿ죬޺ϸϸӸ

ⳡ˺ܶˣҲкܶ˻ʹŵҲմħѪҪΪԼ˿ҲΪԼ

ʪС۵ײײԺС

ԺЩħʬѾʧԼİڵϣӱͿգѾ˺С۽ҲѪУںڵ۾ôġ





īī

Լ˵ʬ壬СãȻعѪУմħѪ޶޲һûˡ

˹ȥ

ղ֪ʱɳɳꡣ

ڱеСԭûע⣬䵽īīʬϺЩȱȻڷٳȫģԾĺ۽ʬȻϵûܹһ

һԾȻ۾ӵ

ȻǳŸ첲ġ

Ȼ˻Ż״۽˦˦ëһ˫󿴿ҿҪô¡

ⳡµġв˴ĵۣˮһ
ⳡ󵤷۵Ĵ꣬Щģûǻδɢģ˻

СԺУһ˱һ

Ծźӣı˴ӵ۽޴ͷǵԣصŽеԾ̧ͷ

һ¸˺ڳҹһѩӰ䵽ߵϡ

ʥŮ

Ծмϵķһݡ




84.   84    ͷһ˿̾


, Ȼ׵˽Ըмسķݣлľ֮Ǿѵȴµ÷ϵİӰżޡ

Ϊħ, ὫħѪȾ, ѾħѪȾˡҲһᱻģ

ȷʵ˼ô졣

ħѪ, ħֻ, Щ˻ΪµȾԴ, ûôħǿɸôá

Ҫɱ, 

费ҵȺ, 볤õĳ˼һ, ĳһ㹬ڡ

𣬴ССԺССеĻȫյ㹬С˱빬ںñϻҪСС΢ڹ΢΢Ųš

յڵǰֻ̿֡ǸоԼС, ֻǾԼһᣬƮƮ䵽һΡׯϵĹ, ɼס, ܴǱ⡣

ȻǾͿ̨һŴĻ覵

˾޴󡭡
Сϥһ, ־ò̱˵һС, ĵҲûõȥͷǾ, Ǿηǳ羴˲ͻ̿֡
ͨ˵, ߽ʿֶζ˵ûв

ͬ쿿ȻᳯǴһʱе˺鶼˯ 

㹬ڣһ, ѩǣħѪȫոɾѩӣ׷ħ·;ħѪҺ֯Ҳȫոɾһ粻ֱҵħ󣬽ħҲյøɸɾ

.
Ϳ
ˮǡ

ʱֵʱ֣ȴѪѹһ˿͸ؼһħѪ꣬ѪǣѪζ죬ҪԲ֮ȫȾ  

˵Ľֵϡ

һ¹ӳɡѪУŲع⣬͸ɡ棬ԼĲ԰򢣬Լɡ޳ָڡ

žžડ 
Ĳزʪ͸ʯϣ죬ɡ

⿴ỺĲȴΧĵ涼𶯡ÿһŲ¶·һɽѹ£·Եھ

ʯûа˿ѣصʯԱ촷ۡĻֵʯֵͷһֻ˶ͷ­ȴȾѪĵð

ɡÿǰһͱȳӵһء

ǲ

ȵɲߵǰʱħȫ¶˳

һͷ۵ĵħƽϲǱڵصף۾ŵϵˣڵϵ˺޷֮ʱץŶԷĽװϽصףȻսͿ־дá

ˮʱȴһˡ

̧ɡ¶һůݡվ۵ѪУȴ޳޹½Ƕྻ覡

ȫħűŭ

ڼꤣҪˡ

ÿһѪ궼Ȼըȴɡɢ⵲档

ƽעͷħں˫ʲôûС
ȷǰյϢˮǵ˶յ˷С

ﲻǡ
ĮĵΪ̫öϪˮʱ̾

Ż£ɭȻɱͷħ



һյħȻڴϡ

ħѪ껹¡

˴󶯷޴ħʬͷ­ʼ𽥻촷ۣһؽżҪʧʱͻأشһĹ桪ඦĵӣܳԵˣ

ˮǵĽ¥ϲ֪ʱſһͷ޴ħ

ħʳ״ֻ©Ĳһعڽ¥ϣۣͣѿԴԴϵħѿڴ˷ɳ

ħ̧ݹ˶ͷ­ֻ۰׵Բ۾ֱˣֿһŤЦǿҪѵ

⡪

˽Ų΢תĽ¥Ľ¥ϴĽ¥ĸ¥ϺȻһֻħ

ӲħԴԴϵطɳħ䣬Ⱥɵĺĸʶ

¶һ޶ķ⣬ץˣ֪ʲôζء

仰ͷħκһͷ˵ġһͷΡɽľħ̤ȴֻӿѪƣͷˡ

΢΢һ۵ħˣһ壿
һʾ䣬õȴƶ

ƤħûͷħǸñħˣʳң쵽Ҷɡ

޾ħ۳ɺǵصİΧˡ

ŹֵЦǸǻ񷢳ģ쳣̶

壬˾ֹȻݡɡڰУͶµ⵲סѪħ䣬һУʥƾճ֣ÿһɢ޾ɱ
ֱ٣ָ⼴£֮ʡȻ̤ŷβˮС

ҵĶȻͣ͡

ʥŮ
˫ˮ˫ɲ΢

ذױӰ

ʥŲصڶ㣬Լ⣬ȻԵĲؾһͳʧȥټ˵ؾʳ촷ۣʬ޴档˵ؾ͵֪ĵط

֮Ӵʧˣ֪

ƽδԼڵ£ΡԴء
һ̤˰˻ģȴѰټû뵽Ⱥħٵʱ򣬻⧲ؼ

ȻԻþʽ

ʵĻþ

ͷһ˿̾

ǸħǻþӦֻɱԼָȴհϣֺδ

ü΢š

ʱʯ϶ӿѪۻħѪӿѪӣҪûס־ͷѪӷӿȴɡվڽУһգգؿƺ

ʹɡܻסҲڲϱħѪʴħʱմϡ

ץסĸ첲

˳ڲ

ѪӴӽֵͷӿû֮ǰһɵϡΪβһ߲ϱշħ䣬һˡ

һʻͫ׾¡

ǻþ

þʹ˵Ҳֻ˵ԵĻɻѵĻ

ԡûĻŻˣ

һǿҵֵϲԭƵܰϲһЦЦˮţչÿˡ



ʦ־ЦǵЦ⣬롣δʦ˵Цڲɻʱ

Ǻɱħ

á

ϡ

ϥʥٺϥͷɢĹâħըȥ

ĿԣüѩɫӡңʴѩƣһһֵɱȿֲʴѩʶӵԶϯ¥ϵĲħ

һСģһҶɣĻ޴ħƴ



µħĵ÷顣

ڰУıѸٺ˴ɱͷħħ䲢ûм١Уħʶ

˳Ƭ̣ħӦħĻ壬ħħʧɱħ




85.   85    


ˡ
ԽԽĲħˮ, вħıѿƺͨħ޾ħ汩
ħ飬ðɺҹ, һ˿ⶼղ, ҲͷӴħ

˲, , ˮһȦȦ, 谭ᷢص˲, ˷ֱħټڱλá

ħȻֵúſ, ʵ϶߽ʿʮּɵ, ҪħͲħһ֡

λ
λ

˿ٵ

ϵⲻϱħɣͬвԽԽ, ޷𵽷Ч

˵Ĳϱͬʱöֱħλá

λ

Ǭλ

̧֣, ƾץһѹâ˸ķľ޹, ׵绷, 졣۴, 쾫Ѫָ֮䣬Ѫ³, Ѹٻһ֧ʴѩɵĳ

λˡ

ڣ

һ㣬λȥͷħͬʱҲ, Хɱ¶ε衣

豻ѹѹħͲħΧѾĻ⡣

ڻ⳹֮ʡ

ড
һХ޴İ׷˴Ӵʥٵб嵽Ľ, ӴϢ˫ƿ溣̾

ħħ仯ɻҽ¡

վ׷ϣɣͷӡǳңʥħѪУī˿˿

Įƫͷҡ 

ڼʸƿն֮ʣħܶ㿪ģȴ֪˲¡

һ¡

ͣ
ʴѩļʸĿڡ

ĿħĵطħܵشħɽǰȻ¡ΧĲħԼħ类յֽмһֻһֻΪҽʧؼ䡣

ͨħʴѩļʸͻҷˡ

ħסһ˿ħꡣһ֧ѩ֮ʣӲдʣħ꣬Ѹ굽˵صס

ɫ޲һɽӶ

ˡ
ɽӶ䵽ϣǿһֱӵص֪

ս

軺䵽ϡ

ͷħѪ껹¡

ȡǬƿȡӴѪơɽӶȡȪ

ӨɾȪˮ絹׳۵գ󶯷ת˲ͿྻƲա 

£ַԲڵ

ˮеħѪҲڱˮˢѪ˳ŴӡӺȻħѪЩħѪϡ͹ްġ

̤ʪʯ޾껨˳ɡְ̧ɡͷ

΢ҳɡ
һˮϺ󶼱ڿȥ

áЦЦɡ
ʥŲִȻҪǾͰˡ

رˮˢذףˮͣʯҳһ껨

һʱ޻

վǰþòŷֿһ꣬ȴо·ȷ֪ԼѾĽʦˡ

ЩҪŪ  

̧ۣʣݳ㲻ԼΣ踥ħѪΪĽ 

סû뵽Ȼ̶˫΢΢󣺡ΪҰĽ

޴Ļӿͷ̶ǻȻ

ֵԸԭΪԼĽ

ڰʧﰮĽôУԼǸĺ֮ٻǰıףεͻԷ

Ҵδ԰й˼˿Цһ£ЩؽֻͣΪȹңټ⣬ʧԲš

Բϧ౨ô

ˣǡ

˱ۣǿҵɬһӿ

ǰʦҲδԷɽŮȻˣΪʲôǰʦһֱΪɽŮأ

ǰĵεӿԺ

ͻȻʦƺڷɽŮ֮ǰͿʼԼ־ˡ

ʱͲԼϲ

ˣʦƷи߽࣬ܽһִĺϲԼŮװ踥֣˷ԼɫԣԼƲֻΪġ
֮ʦҪػλ׶ԼǵһΪģһ 

ͷһ㱡

֮ʱϵķβȴ˵ȫĿӺλ̵֪ԼӲûλģֻмب̫ࡣ
ҪһλŮװƭáʦֵĸ飬ʦΪ

ҲʳԼһֱʵ⣺ôΪݳʱҵħѪأʱǻʶûá




86.   86    ˵㲻ֹʦ֡


ҡ
̧ۡ

, ָһԸɣҲ˵ʱݹࡣ

ãѩ𣺡һΡ

û˵,  

һ, ޾пʼǰ, ʱ߳, ӱ, , 㡣
ȥඦ, ǣҵִһϵɽס

˰

硣վˮǿһ˵ʯ, ˮɣһ£ŮӰѩ˴Զ, ˵ĺг䣬续ʫ

ඦ, 㻤ҡ, һաҲ˱㡣 

˵һȥ, Ц, 㡭һֱҵʦô

ҧ˵㲻ֹʦ, ֳͬ
˵ͬ°㣬۾ͷҿ

ֳ
ɫʱѩףΪ˲ʧ, ת  

죬û˲䱻ˮͷ£ˮע˳, ʪ͸ĺڷʪգĵԽ԰Ѫɫ  

˵ӷȻֹݲȣǰ˻꿡е̬䷶ʱȴʧ̬ýǱ

ǸǸתϵˮɡȴѩ׵ģ˫ʮ·ʧȥ⻪ıʯ

ʧ̬Ϊ룬Ѿ˹ԸΪǻھηֺ

迴ӣ촽Űףͷ߬˫޷˵һ֣ʹʡ

û뵽˺ʦֵ

ע

˴۽޿ǰͷҿ衣

úۼ֪ͯ꣬жôȱػʱԣҪֳ

Ҳ˵ԭ໥ݳǵ໤ֻʥŲص꣬ǳڶֳİûа˿Ů֮顭

˿Ϸ΢΢ѹ
ȻᣬѾĸǰջȥ  

ҡǰ׻˺겻壬Ƿﻹǻˣһֻһλ£ҲΨֻһˣ¶ϾҲЭ
ؼֻʣһλ׻Ѫˡ  

Ѿ޷ˡ


ԭˡ  

̧ǰʦˮ۽ϤЦ⣬ܷޣȴĺʱ͵֦ʹǰǰ޶  

ôʱɻʦ֡

ػʦ֣

˼ỽʲôƬ̣ӦС衣  

ɲǼ

Ϥĺ̫ãˣѾδʦ˻ˡǰʦЩ¿£ƺһỽɢ
ָ̣⻹΢΢

˻㱡  

ʥŮʧ̬˵ģֻһ 

.

ЯһȥĽħ

ǲͣƳħɱִħСħħȾĴأݱħѪȾİա

ħƵĸֺŵǴĿĵĲҿ

˵гǳصĻǴ󶼿ŵַħϲ龳ħ̵ˣܲסﲻֹħ̵ڻħ޷ס

̬Ѿ񻯵˼¡

ϻıԵ

飡
飡
һͷɽ͵ľħ̤Ŵأÿһ涼һһߣһϵڴڵ̳ԡħʳѪճѪӡҹ𣬰ڶ

շ򲨶

β˺ճ

ΣԽĬĲҿûж˵˲ʥ٣סħ꣬Ӷݡʴѩھħϣѡ

䣡ħһȼĻ棬ѩ֣ȻȻѪɫϦͷм

ħŰĵطҲ̶á
̶š

˿ŵµĲҿĿ¶̣һ

Ҳأ֪жٻħδγħ̵δҳ

̾Ϣڿ¾ħ̳ԱҲ޼ˡϹħ֮һֱΪħ̾ʹ伣ˣڿһֱڰвã˻صĻвĻħ²

ħݷ꣬˸ΪʥŲضʧأԹ˲Ͼ֮ʣһٳ֣ΪľǽƬؾħ֮С 

ĬƬֻ̣ܾԼܡ

ǣܡ
̧֣ƹâ֣һƵĽ˿񲯳Ͽա

Ѱħ۲͸ܿۿħϢ 

˿Ѱħ۲ƮΧԽԽ͸Ƶİ͸迴ǵ㣬ǳһĺɫħϢ

ϴμѰħ۲ʱֵħϢҪࡣ

ૣ޷ֹˡ

  

ͬʱӿһ޷ֹС

һɣϹʱħ֮ʮһжϾج֣Ϲħ߸أտֻд͵ղܴ޴űӻĹҺͳǳؽپ  

ٿȻ䡣

һҫ̫Զ

ħ
ʥЯźƵ֮ͽɫһ̺ϣĳ֡εʥԶȱʥŲʱϪʥ˵ʥǿͷ𺳡 

ɢ

ݿɫӵۻĴأʥƴ

ɹħɢ

Ѱħ۲УǵħϢĺɫɲȫʧ˻ħ߿ѵİգŰħɢǰ׷ڵأ˳ӱĲϹݡ  

̫ķ

踥




87.   87    ħ


ħ߱, ˻صİսԳڽٺϲУǻϲصţϵɹ, лǵʥˡ

ն, һƬ, һжƺָ졣

̫Ƿ塣

, ӷſ¥νӷ, ӷ, νӷÿһӷװĶС϶ˡ

ЩմħѪİ, ʱ֪޾ڽӷ, һ

ÿһλħѪȾ߶пܳΪµȾԴǲܱȣܱ, ֻħȻʧĽǾЩȫȥ
ֻѰİն, ɱ, ŲḶκδ, յһƬҶɡ

ֻһʴѩ, Ǿͻʧؼ䡣

²֡

˼ħ, ȡ˳ǣԼ뷨ʦ𣬳ȥ, õȫ

迪ʼͶ뵽ȵħзС

ǷĹڣҹϨ

跭ӴĹżڹżĻϲϳµ, ɽԼȫȫϣԴԴϵ  

պһ¯ҩ¯ڻ顣

ʧˡ

΢ЩںĵҩĿͶԶĳӷеİգѾճħȻʧ
ӷסЩʧˣħ޷׷٣޷̽û֪Ϊħȥǻǻǳɢ

ûʱˡ

ʮʮ꣬ƳħЩյȲôãǻҲֻݻħٶȣʱ̫ȡ

ü壬һʱѵľС

Щ˵ĻȫȥֻͶ̥ٳһ£

ضȥ鷱࣬ȴ½ֻأһְյĻǿ»޴Ͷֻ̥̳֮׽顣

ϵķβ㽫һжһβͣʧϣңԶɹɶȥ

βûֱӺɵɹڲɹΧͱǿĽƵ˳ֱ¶ɹǰɹŭɶҪѹ
ηޣɹ


踥ǵĶ 

ʥ֮ԣæصͷٲβ㡣

Ʊ򿪣β谭һ·εɹС

ɹУ踥֧ãһͭף۽һûһڵžƣǧīɫٲкϣǧɫ

һֻĵÿǿһʵͽһֶ컯ͻ¶һ㡣

ʹֲͬķβ㶼еܵ𺳵
ڰβͣСν踥

˴ˡѾ֪踥Ǵ˵еˣϵ㾴η߳ĺһǡ

踥֡  

ССĺιϿա

踥ۿеĸ߹ĮĮңǺйأ

ĵķβ־壬־ҫԱǹΨһһ㣡
ˣħЩմħѪİգʱ䲻ã֪ûн֮  

踥Ƭ̣ʥ˹

Ƭ̺ϻҹǵļҴ֮ס

踥Կ׸˷β㣺Կ׿Դһңʱٻ滺򱶡

βŹ֮׻صǷ塣

һڣβײߣϣ˫壬ѩƽעϲŭѱ档

ˣ
β˸飬ڨЦػһ

ûзӦϽ³֮ס

ˣһѿʱٷԿףеõЩյȲˣ 

û˵ԿǴģҲûԿǴġ
˴˶֪
֪βȥ踥βҲ֪֪Կġ

费þɵԿס

β۲ı飬ʲô۲첻Էһѩɵĵܣϲŭκα鲨

Ĭãѹ֮ס

.
պ󣬹֮׻ؾۣ軺ҡ

β̼ѯʣˣô

賯΢΢ס

ͣħɹзˡ

غ
β㼤õڿд˸ġţ˶޲ߵħ߾ȻҪˣ
ڵ˽Ũīزʵһʣ˭޷ȥĹâ

ڸ˻̫ˣħҪʱ֤

ħƵѶȷǳһѶȾħѪİ̫ࡣôħõĲϾͲ̫̫Ļħ޷
ʹõҩЧͨҩħħҪһ꣬пȫħѪ

ܿ죬ħɹƳĺϢܿ촫̫񹬡

ʵ̫ҲеӲűħѪȾˡ
˴ħգ̫ȾħѪڲʶɱ֣Ƕ׽ˣǾʵڲˡֻʱ˲Լߣ˳ħǰǣȥֻء

Щӵ֪ƳħϢ鼤ֲ֮š

ʦƲħƳˣ⣬ⲻ̫ܰɣ
ĵҪϢǱҽ̬Žɵظιħ

ħЧδõʱ֤Ȼ١

̫񹬹׾Ԩʥ˳ͬ죬̫ҲӦʽȥһʥˡңλһ𣬳ǰɹ

费Ӧ
ǡ




88.   88    ħǵ

ɹ֮, Ƶ

̫񹬹׾ԨЯ˰ʥ

踥ڴϣƴ⣬Ѱͼ̽踥ֻĸѵ³, , ֻܺ谭ֱ踥

ֻǸһ, û˿̧ͷһ踥˼ 

踥˼, 踥Ĺ, һԶ޷ڻıɽ  

ǵⱾյ, °ɡ



ʥ, ʹ̫񹬵ĹҲҪ

һͬ, ֮ʣ̧踥һۡ

һͬҩ踥ѾҵĶʱиȼ̺סǣԶ, ɹСסհգ

ʥ׾ԨθҾܾҪӦʱ, Ȼڣ, лʥ⡣

е˶ܵ˾, ʥŮҵΥʥ, ôĵӣ 

踥ٴ
ǾͰˣ̻ȥɡ 

Ϊ˱ܵ, ׼˷ǳʹ͸̫ˣʾû

˼з׷׷ʥʥŮѨδ 
ʥƺĶʥŮⲻͬ

.
ȥ·, ׾ԨҲò⣬ֻ˵õʥ˶Ը̫񹬣һŲ  

䵭, ʹΪİ׾ԨҲû취

Ҫе̫񹬽ʱ򣬰׾Ԩʶ˳ɨɨڻĴ巢˻ħĺۼ

һ֣׾ԨʱȻŭ

ħиң̫ҲԪˣħò׹ȥ˵ٰڻħ󣬼⣬̫񹬾ǰ˻صˣ

׾Ԩŭǣֻħĵط  ҳ⣬ôҾͲǱˣȫȫʧ

׾Ԩ黽ħ⣬ǶȻعʦţȥһ

˵˺ѿռ䣬泤ʧԭء

ŷβ̡

ո뿪ʱͻȻƮѩЩѩƬƮ䣬βȻֿռ䱻סˣò˵ϡ

ѩ׷ɼ䣬һŮ΢Цվ־ͷѩ̫ϳһͬվ

΢΢ü  

ˣѩʥŮջ

Է߲ơ
ܿ׹ʣĻħģصΪ׾ԨԸ

û
ѩʥŮ΢Цǵ֮ϧղŵջϧ
ôǾͲϻˡ

ѩ̫ϳС

ɲǼرɫ

ԤϴˣʵʱͬգʴѩҲԶտɱȣѩ֮£ʹô̫ϳҲֻǱˣβ˿

ѩʥŮڸղŵĴбβһβˡ

轣ָѩʥŮΪʲôҪɱң

ƣѩʥŮȴ˿ûлңܵػؿ΢ЦΪʥ˵ʥֻҡ
ʥ˵ζŷҡֱϣζżȮ죬ζѩҲܵɹշ˵лõʥ洫ͻʥ˾ڰ˻ΨһʥˣôĻᣬôܹøˡ

ʣǻħأ
ħ̵˱ϴѩص˴õħİڷŷ

Ǹħʲôϵ

ѩʥŮǳǳЦţôʲô㲻ϵʿ̫ôʿޣܹʥ˾ˡ
ô࣬㿴ǰ˻صǲǳԣЩʧ˺޸࣬ԣ
ħѽ

費ԸٸǶϻˣ¹ħ̣Ҫѻ

ȻҪʩչͻȻһ  

ڵķħоȻħѪӿȾѪҺ

ѩʥŮѪؿվʵĻҪǿô˶κ㲻ãи㡣Ц˵Ǿڵķħǡ 

ħʥΪȡİɣ

ȷʵΨһܷħѪϧʥ𶼲֪ѩӵпķζܰɣ

ѩʥŮ˵ṦѾħǴԼָѪܵذ˳

쵽󱳣ޱذѲڼеһħǴѪγȻѸٷһħ

Ѿˡ  

Űڵϣħоķʲôصںȥ

һ

ԭʧˡ

ѩʥŮ˿̱ڵϡ

κգûˡ

β㻯С֮ķϣһߵģʧॵ䣬βûиȥ 

βˡ 

ʧĵطת˺üȦôʧˣ  

βŭ֮һβžɨѩʥŮϣǣˣ




89.   89    ħ


, ԼһǳİĵطǺɫģµͬ, ī֭Ⱦ, ֲϡϡ, ֻмɢӫɫĲ, ƺж

ݡ
ֻڵĶٴߴܹ, צǴӫֲ, Ǵֲʱȵִɷۡ

̧䡣
ֻܹСﱻ׽, ҽС

ͷһ, ⾹Ǹεļһβͣݹ᾵ģֻô
ֻСſ, ¶һβҧ

߾ʿƤôױҧ, Сҧ, ҲֻǱԼѡ

ħ
ૡ

ħ豳Ź, ָڼⳤ, 촽ʺ죬аȻ, ȴȪ䡣

սһֻСħ

СħﱻʱħѪӿĻϡԼħѪմ, ڣֻǵؽ֮ȥѾħˡ

ĿǰڰǿϢȽ, ޱ߶⡣

£ʮͷǿħǰʱѩľȻڴܳסоħ

ʴѩ𵭵ȼգûнֻסѩɫЩħס
Щħøǧٹ֡
еĳۣеԴڶϣеѰҪǺɫӣҲеĵģ


Ը
СҲԸ⳼ʹ

Щħɱʱ׺ݣһвĵʮѸ١

貢˵ָ΢ֻ೤һ޶ħȷɵǰ

һʳָĶͷȥ

˷ŹңħȴôҲѲѩֻǸӨָԼĶͷϡ

ָɲǡ
ħ͵۾Ҳˡ

費ķѹǣֱʹѻ

Ƭ̺
õҪϢſֻħ

ָѩʱȻ𣬲ɽľħֻѰ˴СħڲҺл棬Ȼҽ

ּž

費ʶҲܲڰжħڿ̽

Ҷħδħ֮磬ûд𰸡֪ˣħ֮磬ЩմħѪħ߾ͳͳ˴˴

ֻħļͰ˻һ˻غħһ棬˵˻ԶյĻôħԶڰһ档 
ûе£һʵΪ

Ȼ˻ҲʵΪ𣬵׻ǽʰֱšమ֮£ֱͱʦŵо
ħ򣬷鱳ͱǳ̬ûҲụγܵĹϵһж޷Ŵħħֻ֮г뱻Ĺϵ  

ȻҲħˡ

һĿĵţһ߸Լħ

ħ޷Ŵ󣬵ûʲôŶҲС  

һҺ
;һֻСħѩٳɻҽ

ɱʢ˺ܶ࣬ħ̲סɱ

ħЩãȻ֪ʲôǾôĿĵسǰţһ·ߣһ·ɱʴѩħ޷

ô˰ɱ˰ºˣɱһħǵħȻʹ˴ħС

.
ʮ
߸ߵİ׹ϣħ֧ö˯

µĴħСħħսսһȥģ糾

ʮ䣬Ȼûпȥռ£Ѫ˻ʱʱ뿪ȥЩħ棬ԴԴϵħͶ
һССħǽԽԽµħԽԽ࣬˲̫񹬸ʮĳ̶ȣ豻ȺħΪħ

ǰŵʮħɫҴֻ͡

˯һˡ
ȥ㡣ħ۵ȸħ

ħž䡰㡱嵽ĿϡȷʵɱôħȴûȻϴӲ˵Ҳмϲġ

ŵ̧ͷڰ׹ϵħ

ħĽǿҲɫ
ħÿһ㶼زǵĵϣħһ̬΢ţ¶˿ͷһſˮϣʵǿ˰ٱ顣

Ũܵ۽޻





˵һ֣Ľ¾ʹһѩɫ棬һգ۵ĹûУԭվŵʴѩճɻҽ

ɱȹȥغܶ࣬ûпԼĴ㡣  

ħ̰˽ƷԿԣǺǲǻǷսս˳롣

ħݼţΨһȤɱħɱԽʵԽǿ̶ʮʱ⣬ѾԶǿһħȻħûʲôֻħ

赭Įŵ»ȺħѪɫͫҲ˿иĺۼ

̫ˡ
ðۡ

ħǱŵûɢ찡ǷŻħʽÿα鲻ʱҪһ˭֪Լ᲻ᱻ 

Ҫͷħ£ҵħ

Ŷ
賯ȥ

ħħȥ˻ƻһͷħִܣǲħӻħ
ħһֱѰЩȥ˻صħҵȻ
֮ûнµħȫҲԭڡ

ħսս˵һط

˵Ժþûеŵ̧ͷһְ׹Ѿûˡ

ԽԽǿˣʲôʱ뿪Ķ֪

˺ѿռħ˵ĵطǿʶǷħ򣬾׼ҵصħȻճɻҡ

ɱȴŰɱоɳħֻǽΪѪɱħһʴѩճɻҡ

ɱ֮ͻ

׹ƾճֵۣٴ˯ȥ

ԭǸڷˣħȴ˯֮ħɱ衣

һ˯˯һ¡

һڼ䣬µħ־һԷѪϴħû֮˵ĸħɱһλħܳΪħʮּҡ 
һº󣬳˺ħȻ⣬ħס

ʯɫͫЩ㱡

εڰ˻ʱһЩ¡

ﲻ̶ʮ꣬˻ص¾ͷ·һˡǰȼŻ򣬵ŨصĺڰѾϰߺڰˡ

һεĺ췢ħʳ

ųصӣ߶¶׳壬ϷŵħܻӭѪʳͳѪܻɢ

ħ֪Ǳ´δʳҲϲħǵǰģһɷճɻҡ
췢ħȴ֪ƢԣԭҲλӵԼصħ˵ߵħرǿͶһɫģҪ

ɨһۡ
һε˹ˣѵòɱ¾

°ɡĮ

췢ħʵ£ſϷħӶҪˣȻûճɻңˣ

ħ籩ʱ򣬴֮ͻȻЩ

裺淢ʲô£

췢ħ棺ǰֻСħôħΪ֣£Ǿҳھȥɱǡ

ħ

뵽ħ

ǳǿңʵȴСջЩǿĴħԻȡӻΪħȻҲܵħգŮУЩħֶβʵˡ 
뵽︡ϵΪǸζºľʧ

ǿʶӵ⡣  

ҪֻħдֵĴħ

ʮͷսĴħǰһ̻Ȼ죬һ̣дħճɻҽϤĴѩɫ棬Χ۵ħŵûɢ
ǵˣ

ʶɨһȦûҵֻħ

ֻħ𣿡

ʱһݵħԼĺɫñսսص

Ⱥħϧ
Ȼ֪ʲôʱǱˣֻħôÿɫǱ£ȴ벻Լͼ

ħѩɫֻ֣ƯħȻϤѩɫ沢ûг֡

ǵ뿪˰׹һֻħǰ

踥
ֻħȻ踥ݣ

ͫ𶯡

Ȼϸȴֻܷ߳ͬħ۽ǳſ룬ɫʺ죬Ļһͫɫģ麬ߴӣֽߣζʮ㡣  

踥ʥˣʵûôСܳħ

裺ʲô֣

ȺħֱԼĶ䡣ǰɣǶħ¾ȻҲֻܵħգȻĵѯ֣
Ҫ֪´ûѯʹκһֻħ֣ħҲһֻСħȻ٣

췢ħЩҧɶѵҪһֻССħغһħȻȲһֻССħ췢ħ뱩뵽Լ򲻹裬ֻպ޵ȥ

ħħȻҲܳͷŤ˸ӽߵƣϸСūС

Ȼ̧׽°͡

ˣǰʲô

̧°ͣīˮ㴹䣬Цһϸ΢ĿѣԵ΢Ц
ԺͽС񡣡




90.   90    ŬħµС񡭡


Сֻڷܵħ, 쾤ҵҵŬħ¡

Сż筺ɫ䳤½ʵʵ˿¶һ޳ѩȴޱ¶˳

, Сūʱݵĺݲ, ³һڡ
ħСڶѲ, Цӯӯ˵, һ˫ǵɫϵ, ͷ繵İ⡣

, ĿѲһ, ֽ̧˹

˻
Χ۵ħǾħȻħº, Ǿüǣǵı£Ǹ˿ɫŮɫҴӲʳı£ȻĽСħĲ裬ǳǳһڣ

, СūݵôħС񰤽裬, , ԼԼ뵶

Ŀ, Ѳյ, пɡ

СĿ佱ϲضһѡ

ٳѰɣūΪ°Ƥ, ֻſھˡ˵Ѿһţָǿ֭ˮӯѣûͷƵ˰׹, ķ˿˿һ˲˲רעض

Ƴһۣſڽˡ

ħǼֱѡ

⻹ǵħ𣿣

ȻħȷʵǾ޽еƯ, ǿħ䵭һħ°ôô죡

ħѸ˻صĲͬǺɫģ墺ɫһҧ£֭ˮ˾ڳһСˮ

촽ѵ֭ˮȾø죬Ǳպ¶Ľۻ꣬ħǷ׷׵ͷҿ

ħСһ˵
ѽմ֭

ӻȡһ־ڵҪ

Լ
ûħСԼù־ôǣѩɫð˳ְⷽմŹյˡ

Сɫһ  
ԭմġ  

裺ôˣ

СǿЦûʲô¡

£ˮƵԱչ˫֣èһղ˲ֱ  
£ֻҪߣСͺˡ

ȫ̬΢˳΢̧һ˿ͷ˿ͬȪ˳Ĵָֻĸо

µħǼֱŪֻħ

֪³ǺοƴǿʵɱħһλãʲôֶλħǸģ 
ǺüʣǺ÷ŭ

СƮƮɨһۣȻ˵£ΪʲôһֱվСūЦˡ 

̧ǳȥɡ

ħ׻
±ֻСħȻòǳ

ǣ¸ˡ
ħһűصɫˣͷ־ѵǵħһֻʵСħ

ֻʣħС

ħСЦ˵ҼһֱΪβСūһȥߣ

û̻ش𡣶˵ħĴһģһĿݼźڰʮ׹ϡ  
Ȼʵġ
ȥδ

С룬˵ȥڤӰɣ

.
һĺɫӲιӿˮŨճҺӵһߣϡϡżɢɫӫĴ  

ħֲϡ٣ĺˮȴḻ

ħСħʳ׶˵СħǺЩŨĺˮ

ī֭㷭ӿĺڤӣ̧һӣܵʱǧϴĹţ͵ĹâһҰ
ʵںڰпֻǳڹ֮ص˻ϰ⣬ԴϨҲϲӱ˺ڰ  

ħСݵ˵Χһӱú

迴ⷨҸһλѧġ
踥ڲɽĺʩչľ

ˣλħֻǱµʲôˣħСգգۣʡ

裺һļһ

Ŷ
ħС˵ˡ

ת֪ͳһѴӣƲѸһӫˡ

迴ıӰⲽ
㿳ʲô

ӹѵѵʻ

ħС񣺡СūͣڤһζСū㡣

㳤ʲôӣ

֦С̧ͷǺɫġû˵꣬ɴ۾Ͱ˵ˡ

Ϊ边ȻѺڤе

ǧٹִСһ㱻ˮŰںڤϿգţԲɣģĶС

ɫһһźɫӰзɹž䵽С¡

ɡ

ħСԼ°ͣЦе£ҾǲµȤȽϺã

ĬƬ̣һӣźɫʱֵˮУںڤϿյҲ׷׹غС

͵£ɡ

СĲӰЦЦ

ʵҲǲܳԣǿȳ㣬ܵȤ˭ֱ֪Ӱӻغ˵Ҳˣֻħˡ

СڿҿҵͣıȽϺõǸݸ衣

ûֵ˼ͣҿ

Ǳ»᲻ģ

ᡣ
ʮ궼ôˡ

ħСֻԼʼ㡣

˸׵ľţСʱʱתͷ˵ɫǳû㿪ڣС˵ԻһᣬƺҲеȤ˵ֻרĵˡ 

һʼڿŷĺڤӷĿ⽥ƵԱߵСħϡԷʱֱͦӡ

ȻСħ

СħͷһǿסĶֻܱ泯ڤӣյֱͣͦĵơ

еһֻḧļ

ݡ¡Сܳţ䱻Ѭͨ죬ˡ

ꡣ

һСԼҲ˵ˡ

ָ˵Сħۣʱպɫͬ±ѩճɻҽ

ʴѩԽ¯࣬Ѿյ·˵˵ĳ̶ȡ

ħСϰ¶ֻʣһӡ

ָ˳żιǵŲϸµƺҪԷļ

Сħңġ

ӱƵСħǰ߶첲һѩ㡣 

ĿעСħüë۾꣬ȻǾ¿ȥ  

ĿʵʣɨСħƤ

ٵĸͲƯ۾ϴˮ۽ҲȾϷ۵ɫ  


˵ˡ

ɿĽ۽һƣЦЦһֱ˵Ҫôɡ

ħС񼤶ò棬ģڼȵļͲ֮£˵ˡ

漴ɫٱ䣬粻һϲһҧгݣһĿ¶Թ仯  

·ûɫ°ͣϢǳشսƵģֻһҪ˵




91.   91    ʵС


һҹȥ, С񱻴ݲеʧڽУ΢΢, βһƬ, ޳ĲϺ΢΢š  

ɫޱ˭Ȳ踥

, ס°͸ס墺Ĵ  

С۾, ûзΪѾ֪ϲʲô, ϲƿ, ƿءûϵ, , Աƿء

С󶼱ɫɴס촽ᶯĻҪѹסǵ, ѻĽëأ, һӡ

, ſ

Сˮɫٵ˫, Ṵ, ɳૣҰɡ 

һ仰, 輹·еܹ 

踩Ƭ̣⿪ֽϵĺɴ˵Ҳϲ, ԺһһΡ 

ʲô 

⻰Сûסı顣

һһĺðɣ

ò׿˻ûԱ͸Ժһ³һ٣вУ취Ҫ취

˰, Сķ֣ûκΰ취

СҧһӲİѱ߾ѹȥˡ

µģ˵ʲôʲô

ӵŽŹļͷһݲй滨ģӵ˽Ļϸϸ˵£Сūӽˣɲñ۸ҡ
ĳ£һ˫ɫͫͰƯ 

Цһ¡

Լû֣ԴħСֺЦ

š
ĵӦдɳƣˣ˭۸㣿

Сһ仰öȣòȥûס 

˶˼ɫһҲܻߣʱʱжԷС 

С˶񣬲Ŷĸ״ҿͷǸͷħһֱң£ھͳº֣

ָ˸ͼĵħ״  

赭Į档

޵˽磬ֻվ޵ĺͷħ֪˵ʲôڼħС

һ췢ħϢرʴѩʹûüоת˲һǻңһɢӰ١

绽һħϢ

޵ֵصħŵȶˣսսȫ£˭ҿһ

ˣѾˡ

Сû뵽Ϊһ仰ɱһħǲֵͬħҲһΪɱģһִڳ谮

סʮؼ״ֻħҿҲ˳ۣҲΪɱɣ

ɱħѾˣҲνɱɱӦС

ֻ˵˷ħҲɻһҡ 

ħڸħô裬˵⴦ЦһӱѩٳɻҽǻԱħһ



Χάħˣ׷ɢӡ

޵С˽Ļεε˵á  

СпԼСһ˿ŹֵЦ⣬ǿһͷʨɤװèС  





ʱת˲ţСȻħСҪвӦ׹Сһ 

ǵħãħ¿ֻСħ赽ȥˡ  

ԣӦýħˡ

Ȼħ´ûиħС֣ħûˣȺħǶĬħСħ

ħСħµĳ谮£ҲܺãЦݹߣҲƻɱħˣ˭Цеģÿŷ迪ġ  

һеŨսһλħ

λħ޳Ÿβͷ׹ſ񣬳߷ˣˡ 

Ҳɶע˼ۣλħȱ˼ַ˵ӶеƮȻ̬ȷʵòϷǳرǵϥ¹ͷʱĽǶȡ 

СһֱڿλħͷһʲôҪһ㣬ӿϹǿҵĲ  

ͻȻץס䣬Ŀ˵ҿħ˳ۣ£ɱɣ

ħһ̧ͷ

Ҳ˵С¼֪³谮ħǰħɱ˲ħħѾܾûɱˣôͻȻɱأ

ħ־亹ˡ

һû˳С񣬰г

СˮԼָ们ߣҪߵɳ۽˲סƵģһ㶵ؿԼ֡

Ӻ󣬶ħɡ

ȻĮСȴһ˿ºͣ۰ƺѿһ죬Ѫ

ħܳǰ

Ȥؿʲô֣

СӲˣоԼ·𲻸⣬ȵһȴͷֻɬã⣬̳ɱ䣬΢΢طŶĵ׷·и˵

˲氮ʲô

㲻ȤʱС⣬ǿСȤɣʩһ

һ㶼㡣

ϲ㣬һ㶼ûУֻһֻСèСˣСèСȻˡ

ħĽͷ裬ϲصħ£Ск

СվСū岻ʣȸˡ

һᣬ֮еûķ·øЩСԳЦЦ̧ȥʱ̲סײļ

ײһ¡

С񡣡 
辯ص  

ħС񼸺ҪЦˣȻûɡ

ͣסŲˣ˰ΣͷάħС΢Ц裺£кηԸ

裺øĸˡ



ħɱҲû£һм˵ħͱײһ¼򶼲

Сӱñ䡣

Ŷ֪ˡ

˵ȥҵһֱߵſڣûֻڵ˵£Ҹһɣ

貢ûоܾƺĬˡ

࿴֣衣
·ȥݡ

ôأ 

վǲǸֵ޵ˣˣ

뵽Сɺ졣

޷ͱܣһͷǶ  

䡣

һ˲䣬һƬޣʧˣǸ˵ħʧˣΧħֲͬȫʧˣַһӿտյֻʣ´ͷ֮ϵİ׹Լڰ׹ϵ軹á 

ڰռУûκαؿ踥

װôʥ𣿡

˵ڸռʱлɣôںڤӴʱֻɾûˣΪĹͼ踥һģһ

踥Ҳޱػӣħ湻˰ɣûȥˡ




92.   92    ʢ


ƺ踥Ǿ仰β, һۣͷԼص˰˻ء

̫գһƬ, һʮ, 

ħû̫, ֻĺڰ, Ѿò, ЩӦǿҵĹâ, 

̫, Ѫɫͫϸͫ

豾ʥ, ѪɫͫһʥаջУԭֻ˾ò²ַħ״̬µ裬ֻҪ׳١

ܿԼص˻صʵ

踥, ܣħصֲ, ˵׾, ʱħ, ֻ롭

뵽, üΪɲ£Լֹͣ, Ȼȡħ

ϰħųǰ˻, ֻҪһħѪֻһ֣ħѪ

ϻƿħȴ֪Щħܲһλħˡ

踥סħ

̧ʣа취

踥ƽˮƺʲô, ԷһƽĺˮһģֻʱѪᣬʹࡣ

ܷ·ûڹһ㡣

ôһ룬ƺ˵棬ǻʹ

ʵħʱһͷֻܿԼԶԶһ 

ǱһգЩ˼ȫɢˡ  

ôء

ǰ᲻ãԺҲ᲻ãɣ¡Ҫˡ

ô룬һѵʹʲôʱʼԼ谮̶ֳȵģ

ڵһھأֻεƽڡ

踥ʧǵ롣

Ƿ踥ƺٴοڡ

ʱ踥ͫ𽥾۽й¶ԼҰߣͷѹֵ͵Ӧһ

š

ֹƬ̧̣ۣһ˫۾żֱȻῪڡħѪɢ

踥ѲǸҪð͵ħǲѹħѪ踥ˣڵǾԹĻǿֻһϵħѪʡ

Ϸۿɼı仯

Ĺ£صڣڵָ£𽥱͸ŵɫ͸ԲָףѪɫ͸Įɫ墺˫Ҳĵɫ

ظ˪ģϤİ踥л㱵̧֣һһ

Ȼƫͷָա

踥ջ֣߽ÿЦһ¡

֪νˡ

˼žԡ

ƫͷԶĺϣһĵĮûб飬˲֪ʲô  

踥ͷ紵ǵķ˿Ȼıʹٻҫ۵ն·ʧɫ

ˣ
һ˼žա

Ƿβ㡣

ӦĴڣ̫񹬺

β㿴˻ˣ˦Сβͣĵת

ȻܣħѪʧ˶´

˻

β㿪ĵתȦȦȻһͷͣʮδȻճˡ 

סβ㣬踥΢һףһعˡ

踥ָһ£¶һõ΢ЦãأҾͲˡ

β㻯صķϣ˿ΧһûûΣʵ͵͵踥˦˦βͣƺ˵ģҸ㶨

踥аο

˷ֱ

.

̫񹬡

ʧٶʥŮع̫Լ˻һ 

Ȼʧд˵ǱѩʥŮƶħʧģԵʥŭɱѩʥŮ֮໹ޣѩأʹϹŴ֮һϦ֮ҷð˻

ö˶˹ΪħĴΪʿħʧ֮󣬾ǵҲ޷ع飬ȻΪԭʧ

û뵽عȷĸߴңȷʵħˣħһȥ˴˵еħ֮硣

Ҷħ治ѣǶħʮֺ棬ԽħļдᣬȻǱħ¼̫񹬵嫺У˻ص޲Ľһʱ顣

Ļع˰˻ȵ㻰⣬ͷĹ³ǳ˵ġħƽع顯֮⣬һôҽֵ ʥŮ֮

ʧʮ꣬Ҿ˵Ƕħˣħʧ޷ٻ⼸ǳʶ̫ʥŮ֮λܿǰѡһλʥŮ

ʥŮʥŮȻΡ

ʥŮΪֹǣƩԼʥˣ˵óʥŮ֮λ

û뵽չ¶ʵ˼ҲϡʥŮ֮λֱӱɵˣ

̫ʦͽҫһʱ۷塣

ΧϵĻ⣬ħ£ʱ֤ħĹЧŵһʦ֮ʧʱ˻صʿҪΪع飬Ҳϲ  

֮İ˻ĳ߱鲼˳ǵ

踥Ƿ衣

̬ȺֵĥȲˣҲûó׶ʥ˵Ĺ̬ȣ·Ͱһż򽻵Ĳ̫ѡ

ģȲƷѹͽƺ  

踥·ħˣҲ·ǵǰˣ»ظԭȳʶ֮ʱƤЦӡ

ӣҪҪ踥Цеذӷŵϡ

迴ӣȻһɿĿջ踥Ҳһ⴮ݵԼǰģʱ󵨣ֱӰ⴮Լǰ 

㲻Ծ˰ɡ
踥þûЦ˵дм΢ɲС

⸱ģȻоԼļʲôһ£ǿң˶ú֡

һԲȥ

ԭص踥תͷǷԵƺ̾˿Ϲǿ΢Ц

ȥ֣ƽغһѾܺˡ




93.   93    ǰ


˹, ˫Ĺϵûһ˾ദƽˮˡ

ԼҪú˼º踥Ĺϵ踥ĸо, ˼޹, 踥ĸʵ̫, ֲ塣  

һ, Ƿ, ڷʱȻ˵, ˵ӿݽˡ

ӿݽߣ
Ų豭ֶס, ̧, οݽ߻ӳˣ

˵ӡ

ü

ĺൽ壬ȴģǰ˻صĸ׺, ңǳ, ޻޺ˮ

ӿݽ, ɵĶױȡ

пеǰȥԭ򣿡

ȥ, , ˵ӺȻʧ⣬ܶطҲ״, ڶѷն

ߣֹˣ˻صʧ̫񹬻ܱߵĽ򻹺, ط˵Ѿǳ⡭

Ѿ²յȥ

˵˺գʧǷ嶥

Ͽա  

ԤеĻҪ⣬ӿݽߵӴ¶˳, عѣĸʬ˵ĸʬڻҰ

ڰУİչڸɺԵĺӴڣͼڳһˮֻڳʯɰ

ϳǨ飬ܶ˾ټҰǨЩ˱˫̵ͷߣЩޣߵҲ̣˻޶ǷŰĭȻѾ˺ܾˡ

ЩǨӣҪȥӵѰˮԴûã쿴ֻиɺԵĺӴ

ӿݽ֮ΧĺҲɺˣˮ򲻳ˮղٽ꣬Ѿû취ˡ

ĿͶܱߵֲ

Χïֲܵɭľɫ󣬵ڣϵĻѾȫľҶӽݴŲãЩľҲȫή

ֲҿ˲Ŀá

䡣

ʱӴϵ˺ͻǶһе֮⡣

һгһɽӶɽӶ֮Ͽա  

ܰպηĿУɽӶϱֱһɽʹСɽӶ㵹ԴԴϵˮ㵹·к

ˮˣ

ˣлˣл˰

˾ȿѡ

ҷڰеİӣȻĿ֪ɽӶǶԷųģסĹл

ɽӶӸɺԵĺӴȥܱߵİ顣 

̫ˣԼʹɽӶеˮҲ޷±ڡ  

ɽӶˮҲݽߣǻ뽹֮У

Ȼ

׷ʲôΪλݽߣ

ʶ̫񹬵ӣֱͨӰ˾˹ǵǰһǰȻһ¾Ӱ

ס漴һ̷Ӧæ¹򣺡ϷԽ̩ǵ

סû¹򣺡вοݽߣ

Խ̩ϸֳı飺⡭ãȻ̽鵫δκɣֻ֪ǰգӺԤ׵ĺȻʧҲڵ鵫޹

ɷѣ

ӵ²޵ѡ

һʱ

ЩģһϦ֮ʧҲǵ𣬶ڰ˻֮оֻλ

ûжӣʦᣬûʧʶһµĿܡ

ţǾǻ޻Ȼ

ǻ޻ǿ𡭡

ඦķ˵ӿǰȻ

ʦһΪݻӰܹùȥȥӰ֣۷ʲô

У˵˵ӼһѪǼ촷ۡ

ͫһ

ʲôӰݻӰ޷̽µǿп̽

ԸȥͷֵǸ²²⣬ΪֻҪһ룬·һ㡣

Խ̩þû˵ŵʣˣɷý³ӯ

軺ҡͷɫӣҲҪеˮòУڷԲ֮ڼˮ̫ˣǿн꣬ʹطҲɺԡ


Խ̩ʧѡ

յĵӶΧİͬ鲻ѣʧɵѼֱȺħŰ֮ʱ£Խ̩Ѿдˮ˰գˮн̫Сˡ

ͨ쳹أýĻ˵±ڣȴûˮ⡣

ʧԭء

سɴķ̤ƣڰ˻ߡ

ڻпһǰǧѷ죬ѷ컹￴ڶĿף֪ж

ϵһǳؿռ϶

ռ϶ɵĿֲʹðϵضʧˣ߲ɼڳ˴֮⣬ĪҿݡʯϡֻҪᱻգ˺Ƭ

Ⱥɽڱɢ

ؼҲʧ

̫ʱãΪ̫񹬣ͬʮɽӰȣʹǰһ޶طѾݽߵˡ

ʹҲëȻ

ʲô  

Ҫ

վƱԵɢ⣬īӳɫ˿סƣӲ£ֺϡ

ֺϣֲʧˣƽ

֮ǰϵرŰ̫ˣΧһƬǽ壬һվŵĵطûУǷĵػҽֻվڰС

Ȼ踥Ϣسԡ 

裺ʲô

踥תĪ⣬̾Ϣૣµˣ𣿡  

һɺӼ迴һʱ

踥һ˳һط

ֲïܣͣڶ޻ϢɭͷһѵĺɫӲӵյòԵġ

踥ڰУſơ

¡¡  

ɫĺХͬһŭ踥Ȼֱû踥ȡ踥Ϣǿ˼֡

µ޻ǾֲãȻĹˣ֪˺¡

ࡣ

踥ȻƮĮȻԵ¾ʧδ⣬ɵĮȻһ֮ϣžĮԡ

踥߸Ψһɡ  

ģΪʲôΪ˱øǿ𣿡ס侲Ѿ㹻ǿˡ

踥̾ϢֻջҵĶ

ָ֣һѪѪ󲻶ϷŴձɱڵĺɫ

ӣҵһѪ

ɽ׵ǵ裬ҵһι衣

ӹɴֻһλҡ  

Ƭ½ҵе鶼Ҷ˶ΪƬûоͷʵеģһڻ֮еĴ½ǳ޷ħǴ½ķ档

ջеѣߣ޾ĳУҵеı仯

ҵĻǻżѣ½Щνżż˯

Ƭ½ȤڣұջԼˡ

Դ졣

ɵ࣬Ƭ½ıԴࡣ

֪踥ɵЩѺֹģڡǵkԼջԼѪҺ裬ʲô

ڵk֮

ѵҪͿ̿ﲻ棬˻ȫʧ 

Ȼ֮ǰûջǣΪʲôˣ

ȥûбҪڣһЩ״踥̾Ϣ·״ɶܼ֡

Բջ𣿡

ԣһ

ͫɲ




94.   94    ¾ɴ


ȥඦˡ

ǽķǳ, ڱ˵ͬʱҲڱ

֮ԱˣżȻ踥ֻǿмƵħʹ, Ϊ˱˳ԷɴǾټɡ

, ΪʲôԸΪ˱踥Դ׾Ͳˡ

˺

, , 

Ϊʲô

ⱳԭû

踥ĸоѾܸ, ڵ֪Ƭ½ıԴ, ͸ˡɵ, k, Ҳ

軺ȥذ׵ȹ袼翵Ϊһ塣

Ʒﾳô

˰ͩ£ʲôûúרעĿ⿴һ, ڿ֮Ѹٽ  

Ѿǵε, Ѿ屻һյСơ

̾˿

踥ʲô, ڵѾû˿Ľ֮, ֻдѡ

û뵽߳, ʦȴ߽ȥˡ

񣺡ǵ

мĳƺһûоֳд󰭣

ûʲô¡  
촽԰, ΢΢ЦЦһš

跭ȡһƿҩֳ´˵ɡ 

лѾްˡ

ûнƿҩ, ұܿĿ⡣

Դ˴ֽٵο

˱ܿ⣬ֻýҩ˻ȥ

֮ǰضᾡܻ, ٵԭ򣬵ش𲻳ǾֻܾþóĬ

΢һ䣬Ʒﾳһ޴ˮ

ˮǰ˻ڵĲҿ

ȻĬȻֻضʧˣЩȥȥˣٲͶ̥ת

费ۣٿ

ݲȲ޷ˣ峺Ⱦϼְɫеָ߬ˣڳܾ޴





ҵĻصǷ塣

̫ͬʮãֵܻ̫񹬣ֱմ½һ˺ﶼʧ

ҪջʩĶ

ɽ壬ʦʦ֣ߣǵӰǣľȫʧ

ô죿

ʧ踥

ͷʹѣʹ಻Ҵ֮¾۵³һѪģɫ԰׵طסɣֹסήڵء

һεʹ֮࣬ʱ

輴ڵʱһ˫طס衣

ۣʵ踥

ôѹ𣿡踥̾Ϣ

ȻǲȽϺáָȥǵѪȻһעڡ

˲оҴܵƽ˳ްʶȴʵģƤôξ

踥裬ڡ£迿ԼͷΨһˡ

ȻѾˣǾ͸ˡ 

踥Դޱȫ˵ĳ״ǳһմ½մ½ڿٿͻᷢײ

ʱմ½ᱻײ÷顣

ջҵĲһմ½õġ

ܡ𣿡۾ϸ򸣬ܳ

ԹˣУڵҲУջвÿԣʱӦѾû˰ɣ

Ĭ

˵Σһж𣿡

أôմ½øǿЩʱײȻᷢᱻײ÷顣  

ǿҵϮֻۣϡһ죬ʵУ踥ľĶǵ

裬ҿġ

һнѡѡңôδǶȥƬµմ½ңһˣʦʦ֣ŮѡôԸ⸰

Ϊʲô
贽֮䣬Ἣѵؼ֡  

踥ЦЦҲңʹ֮УԽѡ񡣡  

һˮ۽ǡ

踥ָȥ

㹻ˡ

ᱣԼ

ڽصǸӵ㣬졭ɣú룬ʱԸҴ𰸣ʲôҶȻܡ

ȵȡ踥Цһ£׿ȥҲ̫Щ㲻Ҿѡˣòã

踥͸¶һֱ֪ѡ

Ҫץס踥֣лҪ踥˵֮ʧˡ

뿪֮ʶָѣǴγһ㡣֪ⳡģ踥

Ҳ˵Ƿ

ԴһƬհףΨ踥˵Ļڶϲϻص

ʧǵصͷȻоԼסˣ˿ܶ

̧ͷһʮͭڿУһʥɢ޾ѹһǬҲ࣬ʮʥͬʱѹס

һۣ̫񹬹׾Ԩʦǣʦַ˵ӣɽɽɽϵȫ֡

ۿ죬ΪɲĲ˵Բ裬˴ºһԾл֮ڣǴһɡ  

ļһ

ǰ˲ϧҲҪ踥ڣ踥

֪kݣ侲

·˵ʮǰɻһͷ׷ˣ׷Ϊ˱ػɵԣӴӵа׷׻ѪĺҪػ󡣡 

ȻˣΪΡ

̲

̲סѵĿȫȥ𣿡 

ʹԸĸҲҪ޹ǻ⻹ĸοֻջ 

һ˶Ȳǻһˣǵ㲻ҪͿ

Գ֮ʱܾѩգĸףòʱĮҲ޴ 

˺õźõʦ踥ǽģֿʼ磬ʼȰա  

ڣָĮָļ䡣

ЩѡԼȥ

ɱkˡ

һ̵裬ѿʦֳŮһеһУ·𶼱òҪˡ 

Į񣬳ָһ£ͷȥ

Ҫڣȴ۾

ɽɽģˣ²ɣ

ǰˣǲ





踥ڽصǸСӡ

λΪԼ˸¾ɴҪ¾ɲף踥ֻΪ˲پ¾ɴ

һںŵķ

Χģ߶ڣֲܽһС  

Աȴƽ

踥Ϫˮԣ˹ȥĻС

صСӾǵϪʥ׷ɱסĴ䡣

תתһʱΪ

ԱϪˮ踥˳Ⱦһʯϣīɡ

һ졣

ӰɺҹִӺҹɰ죬ٴӰɺҹ

ûȥ裬þӿһۣԼᣬȻ᲻ȥˡ

Ψᡣ

Ȼǵ졣

졣

졣

̫䣬Ѿǵһʱˡ

ûж

ðɣٵһɳ©

踥˸ָһӴɳ©

ɳ©ɳ

ٵһɳ©ʱ䡣踥ɳ©૶Լ˵

ɳ©ɳٴ

١

踥ЦЦˡ

ðɣˣ֪𡣡踥˸ԼʯЦԼֲʦ֣Բ  

ֹţ̬ɣжǧصƵģָӡ

ҡҡͷԳһЦ䣬ʲôûҲûлͷǰһֻ̤¾ɴ֮С




95.   95    ɽ˵


ڽ, Ʋʵ˵ķβ, õעÿһˡ

ΧΧһȦһȦʿ, Щ˷ǳɵ, ѹ, Ҫ졣 

ЩҲƴ, ɷǵС, ȫҪꡣô, ڳ϶һΪĴȻ顣

Һ, Ȼˡ

𣿱Ͼշ˵˵Ļɸ

ɼȻôߣΪ, Ǳ

Ȼ䣬صʴѩȻ, ʮʵͭ, ʥ, ǬȾԷٻ١

ˡ

С
β㱳ϼȡ

ββһ˦, Ҫȥ

ȻڷβԴ֮ʱһƬѩ, ֮ƵĽһ

նԴķβ˵ϡ

Ѫӭһͫһ, ŴаѷβԴ˻

ˡߡ
β㱻նԴţ۽ҡ

Խɰʥâʢ, ǵϪʥɵܱȵģ̺ϵĽ򣬻ǿ

һͲһնβ

ǿѪͷӣſڡôأ粻ˣסˡ

İѾѪȾ죬Ѫ̧ͷѹסĲֱӳǣʦ𣬵kԸ̫񹬵ĵһ뿪ΪʲôҪô

ǱͷȥǲƵģǲ˽

ЦkȡԼƬմ½Ҳᱻײ÷飡ʲô˽ƾʲôkǷǵģ

еƽѾȫ踥б

ԣ˽ǸĮˣҪ֮˾ô಻ʶ˺ûôΰ

̾Ϣһٶԡ

β㻯С鴤ŻѪ

Լʱ쵽ˣˡ

ӳѪ˿֮£ɽӶųǺȥ

ѾǰʥӲһУû㣬ӲɽӶһ£ɫѩף³һѪ

ؿڿ裬貢ûп

˼ˡ

ǵҪȫµ𣿡

ǵ˺ʥʦ棡

Ц

ƣʲôʦĻƤ

˵Һθɣ

Įˣԭ˵ļʹȱھʧħԾԡ  

˵

˿ЦҲУԼӦѾ˰ɣ

һ˿Ѫܾ˵Ĳǿվˡ 

ҲٸǶԣ˺ʲôͷûУ־ס࣬£踥Ѿȥ
Уδйʱ

ˡ
βȻ˿˵

ССֻаƴԴϱʴ趼

Ÿ

һɫŴӷβðüġ

Ƿβ㣬ձԴ츳ͨӲϰֵϡ

ڹü֮󣬷βһϳصȻسųǳȥ

˿ȥβȡ

ɫѩҶ룬һ̤ա

Ǳ





ڵô֮ԼĽСׯʱ踥Ѿ̤ȥʱ¾ɴû踥Ż֮ȥѪζ

ɵѪڿС  

Ϣͨĺˮ˳ҺӡϢҰݣͨҰݱݡϢҰޣͷԲݵҰޱǿĻޡ

˫۷ſգԴ죬µѪ



Ǹ¾ɴ

ڶģɢŻϢ¾ɴ֮߱ڲ̮  

Ҫֹ̮ΪԼµǰ  Сֻͽ;ؿ̮һС㣬Ȼ󡭡Ȼ

ѩ׳Ʈɢ

մ½һꡣ

¿ʼڣɭָգһɽεض𣬿ռ϶ֺϣѱ硣

һ䣬  

ˣָɹ١

ɰΪմȾ鰮Ϊ֮˸Ը

Ǵ˺ᴩһϵ

Ǹϵʱ򣬿ֻͷƮƮɢ꣬档

֪ǸʤҲزˡ

ͷĿͶˡ

Ƕ߱ߣ

˫Ϻ⣬дƹȫ顣

Ѿݽߵⳡָ꣬ʵʴѩͬˮΪģܷӡ

ʴѩȫա  

Ǻ˲ۡ  

Χ˿־ش󺰡  

ʥ

ʥǲȾǣ

ħ״̬ͻȻΧû֮ǰΧһᣬһĴϣĴз·

ˣΪˣҲܵİ

˲飬֮£ʲôû˼ˡ

ûٿʴѩûʿһ̤գص̫񹬾ֻʣСķβ㣬ȻС飬ʧǰ





˵ɵ񣬵񰡣Ϊ֮ˣӴ︴գǰЩһմ½ײ˸е⣬޴ѷ

Ǻأٽλ°ɣ
С˼

λ·˱֮뿪̫񹬣֪١

жģ

ԵظºӵͷȰûġ





ʧЩ̤ÿһɽӣ踥Ƥ˿磬

ȥɽÿһĺ

ȥӣӵ

踥簮ɲܻãɾ͵ʥ˾

ÿ궼ȥһ׃ǣεƽֵķΧУɿҿջеһ⴮ٵһ񶹸⣬ٴλϣĬĬֵȺ

εƽһɿϰһÿμûиһѽ 

˵Ůװ踥

ÿζһ䣬һֱڵġ

ջϰһˣ鵤λϰǵв¡

֮ס˽صǸСׯ

Ϊ֮أ棬ѾһʿۺĶ츣ˡ

ɽĴֶͽһɽϪˮľԵɽ֮ϣסǸСԺҲƵɽϣΪԼľ

£ɽϵÿһשͷΪשÿһŲݶΪ˼ƷݣԺеĴŴҲֻϧҲûǸ¶Цˡ

踥Ϊʥˡ

ΪƬմ½еʥˣʥĵһʥ;ǡв߱¼˽Ϊˣ֮޺˻Ǿʬ޴档

ʥ֮ʹ顣

ʥ˰ʥˣҴˣ֪ˣ

˿֧ʥͷѪЦȻˣ»ţƹɣվӲͷ߱ɵĴ۰

ԭǲˣˡૡ

޺޺ޣкδ

ǰ󡢰ɽϵȫˣֻĿվڸɽ֮ϣֱǻΪΪ촷ۣɢС

ֻгǺΪʵš

ڶʥǺ˽սᣬÿɽ벽

ڶʥ̫񹬵Ϊʥž飬ɽͼȰع

޹  

κ˶޷ɽʮﷶΧڣЩֻȥ 

˭ֻһ⣬Ǿ

踥ڽؿЦյĵ츳Լʵɾ߾ż˵˵ȥĹ¡

ʱʦСƵɽϸ֣Ǹһŵҩʦϲ̵س£Ҫһţǿŵҩʦƺûóԡ

һοϪߣ̵ؿŵҩ

һҫƵĸ˵ʦںңʲôҩţֲȱҩԣ

ϵıɵˡ

㯣΢΢¶һЦ

ЩѾ֪һ˵˵ڼ飬軹ǻǰ䷳һ齲ҲÿξûɫʦЩ

óʦЩúܲá

ȻʦѾΪʥˡ

֮óһƿҩƿ㣬һһţҪܲסҩ

ˡ  

лʦ

Ѿ֪Ƕʦʦͷжôˣڰ˻ܺߣʲôŶԲ÷ˡ

ʦˡ
֪谮ʦеúƵ

ţȥɡ
軺ס

ߺɽϿ

ɿջϰ֮Ͳôɽˣֻżȥһǵεƽڡ

β㵣ӣҪȥ߰

ѷβȻˣ´һԼڵķβռ˴ˣ򵽵ĵֱⷨ°빦ÿĵǶԣѾǰʥ 

Ҫٽˣƽȵġ  

Ƿβͻǰĳƺżưˡ

費˵ѾʼĿ

βֻػСϪˮԼϴҺ衣





סɽ翣κֻҪ幫еһĪľη־УӶҿҧֻҪ߼ͻᷢԼ͵ط

ɽ˳Ϊɽƺˡ  

˵ɽסŵȫǿˡ

˲ɼ

˲ɰݡ



Ҷɽݣ˱ӣΪôģ˵ʧ٣Ҳ֪ȥˡ

ɽ˽ɣԽļš

ֱඦˣ˼ž

ඦ֮һ˵״Ӷɽ³ʥ˰̫ϳˣȥǰټһɣʥ˰

ˡ

ֻΪ¾ɣų⣬ھѾʥ˾ҲٴһֻأҲʧˡ

ڵˣѾûлת˵ˣĳ鳾

軺

βһˣ꣬ûģھȻΪˡ

ˣҪȥ𣿡

ֻǿһۡ 
˵ǰһӰ֮У翵ɽϣѾʧȥǵӰ

βڿת˸Ȧҧβ룺ӶǸİ׷˺ȫûˣҪ֪ж˰ϧ




96.   96    ŮҪҸŶ


عȥ, ඦ̫ϳϣ츳δܵ޽ֳ, ջϾ, Ϊ϶  

谵, ϥ, ۾, ׷һء  

عȥ, ǰ׷Բ, ˥ϵϡܿʱļַ绯

Χ, Щ˶ڿλ̫ϳϵļȥ  

һΪΪţȴΨûΪԼʧȥ˱, ȻһҲ, ඦĵӶʹϧȥ, Ҳ״ðҪȥɽһʥˡ

Ϊ֪Լʦʹʲô, ޷ټһ, ʦᱧա 

һڡ

ͷ˥ϲˡ

ֲķ֮֮٣, ܿˮɢȥ֮ǰ¹ĵڶʥͣȻ˻һ

˲Ļ̧ͷ

㡢

֪ʥ, ȫײԣֻĬĬʥ˰ۼʥˣ

ǰ, ඦΪһʥͲʷڵඦѾǵˡһС

ȥϾͷ׷˥ϲ

ɻǴǰģǣȴҲĮĺѩɽ겻Ļѩ

֮ʱĲ໹

˵ôϡǵǸ䳤Զɽɡ

̧ͷ裬⣬ָ̧Į⣬ַֽŻȥ  

ջ˶⡣

ȥʶ£ֻʣһһ׽䡣  

ԭҡòá  
ۿ죬⡣

ֻǵĮؿû˿

ȻرۣȻʹҪˡ

֮ԵģĿƽˮעһʯͷֻһ֮ûע˿顣

֮ԻΪȫһԵ֣ӽ󣬶

ȻеĿռ䷨

ǳˡ  

ȻӦʥͽ⿪˵ඦԵһʱϵ

ؿǵذױӰ

ˡ

Ϊ̫ʧ̬ڳѹ˳ܲסѪżǵðѹջ

衭


ûлͷ

һվǰͷˡ  

Ȼõʥ˼ĵҩٸǧһδܱԭµź˺

˶˺תĿͶǡ  

һֱ˼ԼΨһͽȥʱҵģѰ
Ѿ׼ӭ޵Ŀ⣬ȴû뵽迪ڻ

ʦ𡣡  

Ȼʦ𣬵ȴ䵭ͬԴ·ˡ 

Ȼ̧֡  

ֻгһ̺޾ĻţȻ֮ݵǰ

ʦ𡣡

ǡģȴҲӹ

ʥ˱Դʦɾʥλ

һϰıԴʥ֤ʥλ

ӴԺҾͲǷˣǡ

˵ǰһʧԭء

Ǿ仰絶Ȼʥ˷뽫裬Լʥȥһʧʱⳤһ 

ͽԭ¡

ô  

桭ô

ںʥ˷ʥ˾ʵϣҪȡԭ£վûɽ幫ﷶΧڡ

ΪȥѾɡ 

Ƭմ½ں֮󼯺ϵټƬ½Ȼ飬Լ豾츳

ԼҪģ踥Ծǰһַϡ

ΪƬմ½Ψһɡ 





ơ

ǧȥ

ǧڿжɹ

ʦ¶踥ĺӣһͯһŮͯͯװʱ踥ŮͯŮװʱ踥

Ǵǰ

ʦˮͯӰɣ

˫ӣ俴Ůͯ

Ůװʱ踥ǸķɽŮѾڼкܾúܾˡ

ͯסס 

˹ɽǾ仰ɽסŵǿˡ

˵ģ

עӣ˼ֱ˺˵С΢΢ŲԼˡ

˫Į۾ӺܾãõΪǣ˵뿪ɡ

ͯʱɫҰס 

Ϊ費ǵĻͻܵʲôͷǡڼĵһ̷ۣ

ûã˵Ļȫû˸Υ

ǰüĿ续ĺͯ˻ȥ

ʮ

ĺͯɽ裬ǡ

Ǹ踥ˣƣ֣ҲȫõĴϡ

軹ûǡ

ٴξܾ˾ѡ

Ҫ̷裬̰СʱǾһۣӡУֻߣټһҲá  

ɡעӹˣ޷ȴ 





¹ȥ

ʶһȥ

սȥˣ츳Уʹʥ˷Ҳֻ˰ʥ

ѾʥĳҲսˡ  

̫񹬵Ĺ֮λһһ֡

ͽҲˣµŲû񳬼ͦ£ҲʱС

ɽĴ˵翣ֻ˵

һֱһֱ¶Ĵɽϡ

һ죬һֱķβҲҪˣ˾ͷ 

һϼ鲼ĻƻУβΪսûСˣ쳣ӴıϪˮߣƬϼյġͽ͵ظע

ûãѾǿβܾúܾˣѾסˡ

βģŵԽԽ

Ŭע裬

ŮҪҸŶ

૵˵һ󣬷β۳ 

谲ϪŷβӴʬ壬þûȥļӰ¶谵Ļƻ֡

յûӰ

󺣿ݽߣǶ䣬¹ûʶˣҲû顣




97.   97    Բҳٵˣԭ


Щ, 쳹˻ء

ڼʮ俿ų츳׿Խʵ𣬸һ, ѹڶ೬ŵ֮֮Ůǡ

ҰĲ, ˾, ÿαԶ˳ɱ, ֪ڶࡣ  

, Ϊ˶϶ʥ׷ɱ, 뼸֪һء

ﵽʲôط, Ϊʲô߲ȥ

Ũ

߲ȥ, ߲ɽûз֣ɽ߶ãɽԶôԶ

ֲ㣬ͨ, ĿõԶɽ

ȵȡ
̫ʥŮȻ

˶

Ƭ̣ص˵̫һֱһ˵

ʲô

ʲô˵

˵һ벻˵, ҽ׷ʡ

𣺡˵һɽ, סһλɡ

ඦĵŮȻҲ˵, ֻǸ, ֪

³ĹβͲݡ

ȻڳŻкô, ֪ͨԽӴ

˭տʼΪʹϵ츳Уһ̤ɢ·ɹ, гҪȴˡ

ǲסɣȥ֪ˡ

˵ƮƮ, ·Ҫֻ̽Ǹͨؾ

ֲڣ׳ŵӼһ𿿽ɽøַº󣬻޹

һڣͷѾɣ£Ťͷ˵ȥҲǼһӶ࣬˵ʲô⡣

Ȼ䣬

УһʤѩľӰ˳Ⱦʥ鵽˼£ΪĻУƹȡ

˲սʲôס˿̲סڵأӰ롣

֡

һָüġ

ʶʥͬʱɢϢӲסѹ

̧ͷ˫ǳƱǵ

Ȼ۵³һѪ

Ѿȡڼʧջ֣̾˿

ֳ˵̾ϢֱĻѵʹ

һޱȷɣ

˵ϣ಻ɣ

ת뿪ʱͻȻתʧУ˶ãֻŶԷʧ

λ֮Ů𶯲ѣþòҲþóӰʧķߵס

ھȻ󺰣ʦԵʦͽʦ𣡣

˵˫ϥ£ŵؿһͷ

ʦҿͷʦ

̫ʥŮֱҪˣȻվͺܷ裬Ҳûз赽ˣģŵ䣺 

Լӣ࣬Դǵ˵λﲻҪǲ졣

㡭 
ɴ˫ۣ˵ 

֮ǰϷȻᳶˣ

ʦ𣡣
ڳϷֿһͷɤź

ͽ츳ѣǧѵһĳ壬ʮ꣬Ѿ߾ʦصԿͣ˲ˮ磬ƨ˵Цʲôڻ£ʦԲ

۾ɵøһﲻ˵Բʦˣԭˣ

ѾȫˣੲݣʦҪھ˵Цɣ˵ȥи

Ȼһжˡ

ʧԭء

ɽϵһ͵һƬմ½ˡ

ʱ⣬Ѿںκһ˵ˣǵ̫Ҳ̫ģһת˲ܵĻһһɢķ磬ݣʲôʱŶ𽥸˱һжʯͷ졣

֮ûɱڣһԵ͵һƬմ½ΪڸһЩ

˫أ

ɲǼ䣬̫ʧˣձ鲼Ƕؽҹ  

á

ҹշ·ʹصˣȫ˸貵ǶĴرת˲񷣬졣

㻺ǶУ˿Ѿ˵ϣ˪أѩȹźѻ۽մ¶顣  

ѩǶ󾲾˼ʲô

ڼ䣬Ƕʹصλòϱá  

ǳһصϣһתϣÿһαãһʵʱţʱ䱻ѹˣһָ˵һ졣

ԽԽصĺ˪ͷգá 

Щһֱĥתʱⳤӡ

踥ݹһʱ⣬ѾɣȻҲԻʱ⣬Խʱݵ޾֮ǰصһлδ֮ʱ  

ɸͨ˲һ˾ҲˣʱⳤҲҲkӰݵȥ踥Ҳκ˶ǵõkڹ

ǱԴ

ôõʱ⣬Ȼû취˵ĳָС

Ȼܸı䱾Դôһأ  

ΪβһµıԴأ

̧֣һ㷨Ƭ޵תˮһķƲ𵴣һֻ񲦶һơ

շסľ

Ƕڽһſ

ӭһûǴ£ǺϣƮ翵ɽ塣

ʱ䳤ӡ

ૣ֮䣬֮ƺͷͬʱŹâ

ΪɽΪǧΪ

ɽʯʯٲ㵹ɡ  

ɽڱ

һƬմ½ɹ˰ʱľǧصɽ֮ӾؿһĻ
֪ʲôֻо޴ĿֲٴءĪоֹһμˡ


Ҫͣ¡ھ˻

û⣬ڶ˵żһֻϡ

ʱ⡭
˫ֽӡǵ壬ϲΥĴ֮ЯµıԴžɵıԴ򣬺ء 

ת

֡

һƬѩ׼žһжʧˣͬͬߣ׵ļž





趢ԼСֿһӣ߳ӣСŮʱģ

ʱⳤӳɹתˣ踥

СŮԲϰߵشԼѡ

С㣬߰ɣ
ǿηŮԱߵϰɫߡ

СûȥߣЬ´  

ȥ

Ů϶ҪȰģΪС㲻ŵ˵Ļᱻ筼ĸͷڣСĪɢŮȰ  

СſڣÿһϵĻ𶾾һЩϵĸСһЩȵſڣѾøɸɾ

תʱⳤ֮󣬳ʲôʣһޣʴѩĿѾ˵ĳ̶ȣûκҲԽʴѩĻ𶾸ѹȥ

ۼûߵСҪţڵŮǷ׷

С㣬ܳȥ

߰ɣ

ŮܵСǰſڿûл𶾵ʱסˡû˻𶾸СǸپСŮȻųĥƸݣȷʵǼƯġ

СС㣿

Ůʧ

ΪʲôСϵĻ𶾸ˣ

СɫžƿӲ㵵Ů̧ż

ڣ˶æµ׼ɨƷȻ筸ȫٶȥؼɨɨ衣

ߵɽĵֳ筼ҴϺŮ˵Ļ

ŮϵĻ§ҡүܲܰҵȥԺӰʵڲˣÿ춼úƣڱײƵģ˵Ⱦ˲

ס

㲻ӦҾͲסŮŤ

ұ֤ͰҪźܾ

ǰ

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