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2.
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2.˫ߣǰ
3.˽裬ԭͣ

ݱǩ ж ǰ ֮ Ӱ 

ؼ֣ǣ/л֮  ǣ   

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⣺Яֹǰ 


1.  1   

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3.  3   

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˵ʱû˾ڶƮ˺ܾãŪһˣʮʮһץȥ궦궦صʲô֪
СǷ׷ҡҡͷ

Щ׵Ķͷζɲһȵ˵ġ
ء

ѡǧ׼һûŶþͱûˣӲҲɾ
궦󰡣ʮ׺峤׼Ҳͣˡ
׼ôѻأ

𼱰˵ɣô˭ȥ֣˭ѹסɷ֮и⣬Ҳ֪ٶģ칫Ҷ˭űӹӵܣý붼ۣһС˵ᱻɡ

ȻءСֲˣߴٵ˵ѽ
궦ֻʣʮܳŵʱʮûһ򵥵ģִͷѡʮֱȥѹƻظأר÷µĹԶζ񣬺Ǹ֮׵İױޡԺ֪ġ

ɱϾѻߣʮһ췴
첻ɡҡͷЦҲҷʮѲʹÿ϶˰궤רѹ˽ȡԼǿưγǻɢġ԰һֱôǣţЩΪ˾ãɱѰۺ̫ˡ

ǲǿ𣿡
Ϲ˵ס죬˵ʮһ˿ɶǣСıͷ
Сŵס졣


еĪķ꣬ѧȥӶǹϸǹֻܿˡ
ûٺ͹ҲйһΣԼôˣȻһݶûĹ

ѧϰ롣ƮȻתͷڿȥʲôҲûС
Ǻǵá

ڣѧ
һ˳ȥ첽ţ𣿡
ûлӦ

ڲڣ
ڡ

߿ȥһһվֱߡ
սͷһţʲôʱģ
硣

סĵϲãͷǰ첽˳ȥϣ¿ڣæ𣿡
㻹ûüشϷһĨӰıϡ

ŮźĲӣֹǣЦŶ˵˾䣺㿴ö
ؿڵСʱϨˡ

˵
˵ôᡣ

ͷһ
ڿԼӺ
ʱסҽ䣬á

ԭá
һкá

Ҹϲ㡣

ĺ죬һȥٷϻ

ͻȻŵؿҿҪؼˡ
䣬ɿߡ

ͷҴˣҸ˵Ҹ簮㡣
ҪЦһ󣬡Ҳϲ㡣

û˵
ƫ˶㣬ôҸ

𣿡
ƭʲôҵ۾

ĬΣֻΡ
ʲôϵչҾðɣȻ岻֮ͬиӦġԸΪȥҶ֡





7.  7   ɻ

Ϊʲô
֪ȥ¡

ĬƬ̣ɵţѡԸඡ
˵ɡ

Ժôأһһܲһֱɡһֱˣȵ
㲻뿪˵ء

Ҳð죬ھ㡣
᲻á

²
ȥˣ

㻤ңҿɲ£˵ˣµ
á

ķǣҲš
֮ʲô˼

֪ӣҾ˵˵ѡؿûȤ
㲻ϻʱڣտЩ

㲻ǶԸȥˣ˭Ҷ
©һЩ

úúãδˣһˣͷ߰ɡ
Ҳġ

㻹Ұ㣡
ðײá


ȥˣһ£Ҫȥ鿴һ
ĸڼ棬ؼҡ


ϴ꣬д⣬СʱȥûǵһС
ǸŮ˵ϲԼ
ϲ

ñԴԼҪˣȴȻһЦ

˭
ң䡣

ģƮ棬Ŵ
ŶûҸǻ۵ġ


ݣôϸһüۻмء
ףʲô

ûش𣬡ҸδȢҪҪһѽ
ˡ

ôô߰ЦǰǸ°ӣȫСϵˣġ

֪˵ЩʲôǺãȻẦԼƿһȴҪ𣿡
ҡҡͷҽȥģšһ磬ȴúѧϰɣҲඡ

ˡ
ϴԾĵʣĸˡ


ҹˡ
һۣͿβϤĺӰ

Ǹڶ˰ȥ

Ƭ̣㡭ô⣿
ҡҾˡ

ҡ㣿Ѳ˵λˣǰ짾˵Լϲ˵λҪǽ֣Ҳ̫ˡ
㺦£Ҿߡ

Ҫʧסߡ


££ӣͷŴҼҷ˺ܶаģӰ𣿡
Ӱ졣

أ
סҡ

Ϊʲôܿǣȴûǣ
ǲ
ðɡ

Ȼ뵽һ£ˣܲܰҸæ
á

Ҷû˵ʲô¡
κ¶ԡ

ǳǡѲʹӦüٹɡ
ԡ

̨ƣ룬ҳһСᣬͷͳһƬٸ㿴𣿡
ҡͷ

Щʧ֣Ұְ֡Ÿ׵Ƭָ˸Ƭ꼶ʱȥˣҼ꣬ȴûм

תˡ
ɡ

Ұȥʡ
̧ڴؿģ
ġ

лл㡣СպƬҪôл㣬ôࡣ
øл

ҸյֽǮɡ
ЦЦֻͷñһƬӰסеı飬ҲЩ

ô᲻ã֮ǰʶЩϲҼһֽǮûֽ꣬״ġ
òţŰɡ

Ҿ㡣䣬;Լ˵˻Եùˡ𴦣ָ׸ǻ˻αţʱʲô
ûлش𣬡ҴϢٸң𣿡
Ҳԡ

㴩ſɵĿӣڶƤѥеٴ֣Ǻɫ䣬ſ仹˸ֵİɫΪʲôŶǵƷ𣿡
ԡ
Ŀƣͼһһûĳࡣ

ͷ͵ø
ֻһƬ

´ˣ
òªʾˣ

ʱ仹磬˯һᡣ
أ
ȥѲ顣
ǡ㻹𣿡

Ĭ˼룬𣿡
סˣĻʱ

شϰɣš
ŷԼֻ˶̿͵ϽϵƣŶر

ˣˣʲô½־ͺá
š


ڣͤԼȥ棬Ķȥֻլڼ˯顣
짻ˣѼƣཻѣһţһûС

ÿ԰ƻᣬûʲôƣͼ֡
ͤҲڣԱ߸ţ޻˵

ˣҲûȤգһӵĽϢ
ԶСڵֽĿɨȥδʲôԣɨſһˡ
вһ£Сˡ

ȻС߸
˵˾仰Сһ̶ˡ

ǻϲ֣Ҫ˵߽ˣεؼڡ
ƫƧߣվһ˵ͤϣ㶮˼˹ȥ

ڹ𣿡
ûй涨Ĺʱ䡣

ղŸС˵ʲô
˵ٺ־ͰԵ

Ц
ĲǰһЦʱһֿ࣬Źѵ䣬ԽӽһЦȴȫ˸ůůģһǳǳСѡ

Զӱվһųй
ͷˣδôãһܡ

㿴Ǹ𣿡
š

һֱվʲôҪҪȥʣ
ʹˡڵӡ

ӣ
ʮǰɢˣطһֱûԲһֱš

꣬ΣпһĻһôһ𣿡
㿴Ĳգûлش

Ȼתʱȥ
Զش𣺡еġ


λ߹ɻƣ˼ܾһյ
ӱ˼Ҳ
ȥٵĵطţɲһƮ˵Ⱥ

ɻ𣿡


ԼĵƣһƮˮϣ̫࣬ӦƮԶˡ
˵꣬ˮʰ쵵ĺɻһ˽Ƶģ׷׳߷ɢóһϸˮ·Լİɫɻһ·ǰ谭
ӱߵҲ̾׷׸Χۡ

֪Ǻɵģתͷ崩ȥ
Ūã

еĻӣڿĳࡣ
һڵ׺ƵƤ֣סۡĺܾ£ۿ˵˫벻ʲôֻ۾᣿ִżаǸͦı沿ŨܵӢü׿µĺۼӦǸΪ忡ӡ

ԼȻ
ڿ

һ˲䣬аٵϨ
ҹ

˳¡
ΨмضԿƸʲô
ҳŵ㡣

ôŵƵǰ㲻󡣡
ֶ㿪

ùͨҲˣֻޱظתȦͣģҼÿġ

̧
ɼֺˣŤƿĿ⡣

ڸͤ˹һʱΣ̫ħˣղſûǲɣһǵ飡
ûУһ

ͤزͣأƷһȻһյ׵·ҲˣȻ˲еȫϨˣ
ΣʲôɣǷǺӵʲô·Ū顣
Ĭ

ؼǰͤһֻƣдԸʵݸ
ûʲôԸֻдˡƽƽĸ֡

ƻ졣
ͤѵĸ첲˵黰
վǺ棬𽥻Ϊǵơ

ڸߴעıӰ
ģڣƽ˳졣


ҹ˯ţֻͤԼƬͼӡ
ˮ˵ʲôĶС

ⷭ˷ģֻ
һۣȴϸź

ݲĸо
˵ģпĿڣ̳ѿŰȴʢš

㡣
ỽһ뿴᲻֡
û

㡣ֽһŵرűӣܡ
ڡ

űסͻȻ
ôˣ


ƿӣȴЩ˼ֱͻȻ뵽ˡ뱻ԼС˼չ˹̳
Ĭ룬ʵʲôɻ𣿡
ҡҡͷڸ𣿡
ǡ
ҡûдŵɣ
ţҲ¡˵ˣ˯ˡ
˯š
ΧûйΪˣ˵ֲ꣬һ䣬ҡ

£Ҳ˯⣬ҹ˾ûκ˸ŵ¸˵仰

㡭ȥˣ

ͻȻƿ짡
һı飬Űˡ

˭˵أ
ҡұء

ҹʲôģһˣϽ˯
֪ˡ

ˡ
źŲ˷䣬ʺ㣺㻹𣿡
ڡ


Σڴߡ

ˣһ跢־ˡ
ôˣ

ʶܶץġ
Ц

ԺǻСĵ㡣
á

ƣ¹͸΢Ĺ⣬͸塣
ǰõĹӰǻûꡣ
ĵˣ

ˣ
ʮˣʮꡣ

ʱڵ˰
ԡ

ǰʲôģ
㲻شˣ˯ɣһѲ顣
Ҳû׷ʣðɡ

ʧˡ
ſյķ䣬

㻹𣿡
㣿

ñסͷ۷
֣ʱ˵Ļ᲻Լ̫ˣԼ

ûߣǽ⣬˯죬Ҫ뿪ʱǽڵŮ
顣

ֻһֵʱӲԼһŹ̵
û뿪ֻصķ䣬ȵ˯ա


εʲô

ûסΡ
һɽǺϤĹɳʮļҡ

֣Զĳд֨
֨
ʱ

ԶԶؿţǡ
ӦһΪֵʱˡ

ֻˮأǱ
ŮˮߵĴʯͷϳҰݣ˸Сʯˮӡ

㻯ʱģȥ
ŮɻôǱ߹ˣ

û˵ߵߣϥȥס֣ͷָ
Ů֣ѽ

Һ㡣
ҹĿˡ

գһҲû˵뿪ξ


Էˡ
ѣ͵ؿϿա

˸Σεʲôţ
ǰ俴˵ӣǴ¼ǵõģһȴһɶ

ȻģһʯѹһЩ㡣
ִˣˣ
ˡ

˼Ͷҧһڼʣֺȿڶǿȥ
̵˸ѵˡ

𼦵£ذǡ
һͳȥˣ˵ȥϾұ㣬˯һᡣɲܲ緹˵ˣ˯Ҳһɫû˯ðɡ

ˮ̰ɫĶ𣬼ͷϿ˿ˮɻţоһů⣬̧һ
̼״ôˣ
Ӳ

̽ؿҧˣ̵ˣ
ҡҡͷļֽᣬԽԽ࣬۾բˮͷһͣᡣ

⺢ӣôˣ
Ҳ֪ҲˣԤ׵غȻֹյܣرҪʲô

̣Һܡ˴ؿڣûԵɵıҿƲס

̸Ͻ짴绰֪ôˣͻȻͿ޸û꣬ô˵֪ɱײʲôаϽɡ


絽ң˸š
ȥһᣬһˮĶպһᣬˡ

ųȥ˵

ȻۣҲԵС
вУС뿼ѧƽƽعӡȥѧΪЩµˣźûãĪؿ޳ʲô
жһֱ峤ʲôҵû壬ֻ֪Ǹٵġ

٣짷Ƶץץͷû
ʱˡ

˼˵
Ҳδأпܡ

ô죿߰ҪʲôҶ
ʲôҪ˵ҪģҲ𡣡

ʲô˼
ЦЦҪš

׷ȥûҪʲô
£Ầǡ

ǡ
ذɣҸˡ

ҿǻǮģ㲻߰ðҽ
ͣ¥ݿڣӴóŷݸ짣ãɵа





8.  8   

ſ¥µĺ㣬ͣƬ̣ͷʾ⣬Ѳʹˡ
ʶҡ
ǰһλѲʹͬҲˡ

Ůôˣ
޴󰭣ⲻ졣

ҵԭ򡣡
Ѳʹ˼֪أôأ
㲻

һҶԶңʱ⣬ʱҲܲסģʹʧӦñӸ˽⡣
ۻü𣿡
ЦЦѾͷ⣬¾ʮǰҲزˡ

Ǹô죿
˳ܡҸոŷһ忿ãֻҪѲʹԶЩͺá
л


޵۾ֺס
ţ˯𣿡
ûС

짶ߺн泯š
оô
öˣͷһۡ

ʲôʱ򶪵ģ
ϴθ绰ʱ򡣡

ȫǵ£ÿæûͷת򣬻նûע⵽ϵĺˣʱʲôû
йءģûʲô£õĹ

ôҲ˵
æ㵣ĺ¡

짽ŽСɰߣȻ
קק½ǣҶϰˡ

ģ϶κã˲оһһл¸ϹèءϻصĺͲͷ˽ٸһʮ˫˫ŲȫϣһͲˡ˰ᣬһһ߽ɰá
Σؿĸס
СС¶Ҫٳ֣ƫƫԼôʣ鷳һֱΪ짣ЩҲΪ˼ˣûһܵôĹŮ
ˣ

짰ѷõĺɰϵϣ˸ᣬͲˡ
ˡ
ҪǺúõģ඼û¡ЦЦҳľߴѷҲ֪ܲãȷ԰ɡ

ôࡣ
಻£ŵǺõġŷºɰԺѧҵҲһ˫رա

á
ôãտѧʱ㶼ûʲô£ûֵֵǸҾ͸ðƤ¿šҪھͺˡ˶٣ҧϰߣ弾ЦЦҪɣһģôȮű֪ȥ


˯һ죬϶˺üΡ
źŹ׷ǰꡣ

𹭼Ҫȥ
ȻϹȥ

˵ߵǰ
ҿˤû

תУڿ
꣬㳤һģһ

էȻۣãȻؿϷ
˶ָоԼѾ˹ڽг֣㡣

㡣
ڲڣ

㡣


һûг֡
ʱÿͼѧûʲô£Ҳûټ

ֵܿĩ
짴ӹҿһؼң֡짿ȥƣ룬Ǻ˵ӣĸŮһ·Ĭ

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֨

ͷտգʲôҲûС

֨
ֻͷ

ɹؿôˣ
תûлش

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ûС

Ұ
ûС

짰ŰɣǿΣ˽ҲҪͷϡ
֪

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ġ


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ʱ̽Եؽ֣¹ȥʼûг֡

ҲľԼЩȤЩҲֻǰԼ·ˣ£˼ζѡ
֪öһôǣƣɼǿƲס룬·Уҽһ룬ˮƣϵǡǲżΣ˵仰ѡ

ãټˡ
ֱһΣһֲܿΡ

һȺսʬȥȴôҲȥ

һȻԼڰգһƬİء
ˣôģҲ
ЩӦ־úܴ̼ȾͿ·Ʈڰգȥ

ˣģ
Ҳؼҵ·ˣڽһš
һйҪʲô

мַģûұסַ˵СĹ԰
йлƣЦе˵֪ͦԶģҴȥ

ܾòʲôùûҴӦˣԼҰɣлл㡣
Լҵʲôʱ򰡣·죬һͰˡסԼǰק
ҪѣȴĶס

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·Ĺû

Сɫеģֲ㣬㺰ʲô
ſˣʱ뵽˺㣬ʶѲʹѣٲſ״
ĸѲʹ
к㡣

ѲʹʮһѲʹѣЦһҸֵء
קĹӲקƮȻһŮǰ档
Ůſ
һϲǴ󻨣

ƶ˵һŰѴԶˣһȥٹ¡
󻨿Ͱ͵ضڵϣ뼾һۣˡ

ڿ˵´ΣҲ˵ģ
Ȼǹ

Ȼˣȴȥȱġ
ϴκѲʹΪѾͷ󶯸ɸ꣬ϵǳһ·ʹȥûҵ㣬ˡ

״ε˵ơɫΣաʹˡ
˵ʲôأôˣ
ơˡ

˭
ɫ

Ȼأأ۴һûһԻ
ˣ

Ϣؿ˴һۣ⻰ҪǴСİϡ
ģҲƭ㣡˾ǻǳˣǳˣ

ҿ˻úõġ
󻨼ˣҪƭµ

佫Žɣȥҿ˵
󻨰㿴ˣϽ֪ͨδˣǸ֪ƣɫ죬ǰʱ䱻׷ˣ֪ôֻˡ

룬ŮºƭԼ棬ᵽ˺㣬Ѳˣ
ܵˣȥδ
ȥʮһˡ

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ס󣬡ȷûƭң
զأ

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󻨶ʱˣҲҰ

һӣǺǰҵģʮһ㡣
󻨲ҽӣֱָıӿţҪǺҰһˣҾúץȥС

ӦôؼˣʮأһƬӱߡ
ವûӰˡ

ܷˡ


󻨹Ȼûѣ°żԼײȥˡ
ȥϧûץס
ͰѻƿĻˣôһһأ

㲻֪˭𣿡
ҹ˭ء

ҸǺ㡣䳯̧̧°ͣš


ôúƳʱ䲻ڴ˵أҲ˵˸Ѳʹδۼһˣжͣ
䣬Ʋӱסֱӱ˳ȥ

㿴ȥˣҲʹôΪɫ
ױ޺ؽʳֻƻ鴤Ű죬Ҳв˺߲

㲻뵱ż洦ûȥʮһˡ

ǱģһأãٶҲ̫ˣ궼ɢˡ
ڷͷϡ

ŵؿû°ɣ
ҡҡͷ

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㿴Ҳһۣ̾Ϣһ֪̫ûкܶ໰Ҫ˵קϴʶȤˡ

ôˣ
Ҳ֪

ȥ
ϲ·

һֱʮ͵ˡ
תҪߣϽץסĶ񣬡ȥˣ

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ûлش

Ϊʲôˣ
æ

æ𣿡
ûС

ǻжã
֪

ͷ㻹𣿡
֪

ֺ֣Ȼ
µĻ̫⣬һȫ

ЩΣεɽ֣һˡ
һ￴㡭ʱ򡣡

ͷӿ

һٻҡ
֪֪֨˭







9.  9   л֮

㱳ûлش
תĶ棬𣿡
ǡȷʵǺ㣬Ҳ⼾Ϊܻεǰ顣

ܳǸ˾㣬ԲԣһԣЩ꣬һԭġϱӣϱӣˣѣǱʲôϵ
ξΣ㲻Ҫ롣ĻӣӦһѧϰЩ¡

֡
ϴæ鵽ҰְֵϢ𣿡
ѾתˡʹˣҿԸġ

á˶٣ϴ˵õֽ㡣
Ҫ

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һһʮʮţİǲˡ

ҼסˣллְҡתȥˣԲ𡣡

עıӰȥ
ãԼߡȥ

Ȼһ

ڴػͷ˲һסʧǰ
Ѿصڵֶţڵȥ˫ۣٳ壬Ҳȥˡ

ۣįؿϿա
ǳȥôأ


ӦֽǮҪġ
짼Ӱû̳ˣŽƱ¥˸ƫƧ͵͵ա

ڲԶЩʱգʼĵطĬĬػš
һ԰̾˼ôãò׼һ棬㻹
볣˲һһûҪô졣

ҪȥͶ̥ˣ˵ܸϵ׷ʮѡ
ܵ𡣡

˵أ氡ҿ᲻㡣俴񣬡ǰɣ涯˼
Զļʮһȥת𣿡

˼ǰ󣬡Ҳǰô
Цһǰأѵÿˡ

־Լ˵ˣôˣ֪ģҾǿЦ
š

ѽҶϰˡ䵽ǰ쳤ͷ£
ЦƿǷᡣ
ſġ


¶ģЩֽǮҲǸǹܣ
ҪúѧϰôѧҸù׬Ǯ짺̡

ȼյĻ棬ȻһϤ
ʱĺ㡣

־һٴοŻ
Ȼָ̣ⷢյ֣Ͻֽңִ˴䡣

̡
˭ôҡ

Դһ¡
˭ļ䣿

Ȼˣ紵ɢĳϵҶһֽǮ
ȥ˵ϣֵؿҷɵĻ棬񱻷ֲһ㣬Ī϶ƬΡ

㲻ӣҪˡ
ôɰ
ҾͶֽţ㲻ޣҾӲ˭Ҫ·Ҿͱ˭
֨

֮


ˡ
ججϹΣָűˮˢɾ衣
ͷѡ

͹ʯһ£ǰˤ۵˺Զ
һʹ˿ĲƤ

㣬ˤ
ҿɲʬ
ˡ

ڵϣ泯գ֪ôȥͻİϤļ䡣ԴЩɣǲʵֲ塣
ǲԼˣ

Ȼͣ
ۣһѺɡճԼͷִɡ

ԼãΧ
𣿡

ɡ⣬崩

ִί˵
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ˡ

۵ؿȥ

㣬Һˡ
ҴǰǲǽСл֮



֣֮л٣ȥж죬˸١֡

лڹ͢Ժְлһû䣬Ĵ̡Сֻĸлފлٺû
л˵޽һµĻڽûл˹̫̫

ллҵ߸ʱʮ꣬ûӱˡ
ԭǸл游лͥѧѧ궬ҹѩӣ·Улͥڿͷһҹδ뱻л̣ˣ̫

Ҵ󻧣ԴףȴҲûһĳ̶ȡл븸׹ϵãΪǰͼûл˺ɫлĸ׵ӣѵϲ
Сүүлͥɽӣлͥʹˣ岻ãӻлңŸһ

лŮӣ϶лޒлފиճʮδȡлޒǶ̫л⣬⣬һξϣлδѼҵлފģл˾ΨһĵӣŴϵ츳黭̵Ҳÿʫ绨ѩ£ö֮л˱ˡ

ллûʲô飬ͬ游ȥˣȻֵܽҲ죬кóԺҲʱ򿴵˻˵ɽҰѾͷ游û˸Ŀŵ鷳

лފϲ\ġȵɫͼһֱȥۿעɽȵɽлٵ游һͬǰȥ

һѮлފʰװһ黭ֽīżӶƺƵȥˡ
·ŷ֣лӭҲ͵˹лӭϾţչʮ꣬лСãǳлϲҪʲôʲôɸԵӡ
лފܲĥӲݣҲӴˡ

ڼϵ幫Сס£ллފд˲ٻҲ滭زġ
лӭѼ飬ʵģ߶Ҫؼңµ幫Ҳð
ǰ»ȥ;֮ʣɽˣĸϵ˵˵ܵܣлފǹȣް˹ȥллӭɽ

лѹʱ򣬱廨ڼСʲôһľӣйùζӦǸòɨĲֿ⡣
Ǳ˿ģֻ̫ͽ÷һӸˡ

лԴһһ͵ۡ
ӭӭ
ӭӭ
˴Ӧ

лڵ¹Ȧ̽طСлӭлٿŷ⣬ſڣſˣĺӰһ
ΣǸ˶׳

׳ɢһɾƳ뺹һȦţҡҡλεس˹
лٽ˼׳ס죬ȥҧһ̳ζ
С

˵ˣлŪ
ۿҪԼȥƴŵýűľֱ졣


˭Ⱦҡ

۵
ֱӱ߿ġ

һѪҪȥϪ·䣬Ů˵
׳ͷô󶯾һ㷴ӦûУȫȫлٵ

һץסĺ죬׳šһ߿⡣
׳ڵϹȦҪǺ㣬ŵòʧҡҡ

ʲôң˿ȥƢ̫ãһѵһǹźɫѥƤƮˣӲС
үŹңҴˡ
˰֣뿴Ȼʰ㡣
׳ع˳ȥ

лԱţתŵŲ£ǽϡлٿһۣŹ⣬ĳࡣ
㳯ǰһȣѥԵľϣ᳾
΢üһḡЦһǸҴСϱ
̧ͷ

𣬺γתһȦõҵͷ
лһһƫԼ˽

ŵ·Ͽ˼µ⣬ôˣӦ͵緿

е޺ۡ
Ǵˣ

лһԲ
û˼˵ȥҪߡ

תл˹ײȣͷŹԼǰˣôˣ
Ⱦҡؿҡ
λĬ

ãһץġֱֻסָĿӣקקҼǮҪٶԡ
㱧űۿҪһǧǹ𣿡
л㶣ƵƵͷУеġ

˵ѻʱСֵĻţ˳˵ǻץ˸ǧСء

ϵӣߣлԹڵϣΪӵڰա
ͷקקӣ߲ߣ

лٽվ˳ȥ
ӸߣȳһԼлټСŲܸ
ˣȥͲմ˺öѪղôѲǸͷͷ

ǣȥ˺ӱߣӣմѪסлټ״תͷҪܣһŲסӡ
ܳȥȴס˲ˤȥͷײӲʯͷ졣

һѥһЦʲô
лͷ۵ܡ

ʵ㣬ܣ⼸ɽǵˡֽѥһӣֿʼѵֻʣһɫĽǶ̿㣬ǿûô˵
лٲֱӣתȥ

кܶ壬ֻӰȫ
Ҫĸ깣һҹͱҰ޳˸ɾ

ֻͨһˮˡ
лվˮ¿ȥѾûӰ







10.  10   

лˡ
ûа취ȥлӭƾһȳҲ˽ֻԼȻѰ
˵ɽϵǵˡлٴС游ɽУЩҰ⼼ܣȴɽͷûȥֱץ˻

лٱСһҹˮδ
ڶ磬͵ĸ˰ȥϴһ٣ϼɾѣͽһ󷿼
лٱֽڴϣһ˩ڴϣ˸ᣬԷŹ´

ԼһСʱ˽ˣŲӦǸˡ߿˿ƫͷȥ
ŲȻǸӡֻˣŸΣͷŸɫ԰׵ˣһɫۣϻ̺ӣŲġ

ӽƵߣϵ˵ҳȥˣ½һ
á

ӿ۴ϵл٣ݺݵغһ䣺ʵ㡣
лҲֱضĨĨӣһɵ߳䡣

˼ϵ˿ڣ˶еס
лٿ˵ĺܡ

Ұ⿪ΣЩùһЩ
лڴͷؿ

Ǹзϣվ
л룬ѽȥ

⿪ϵӣҸջɽկ˵ץ
һɣлȡ

㲻£ҲȢޣҲʲô̧֣ʾл
лָ

ɽ˾ͺȥˣǲ׷ߡ˳һ˫ϸ̵֣ذţʱٿԱһʱİȫ
лһԡ

ܸҵϢ԰㴫ϢڴĳȥҾͲܸ㱣֤ˡ͵ЦЦҪңҲ֮顣
ӽ⿪ˣлһߣ౻ĥƵ˼״⻽ɽ


ɽ鷳ȥЩҩɴ

ɽ鲻ԸشӦˣޣãŰɡ
̬ȣᡣ

ɽˡ
˵ǰ˱ˮҪȵˮ𣿡
лҡҡͷ

ҩЦЦ
лٴһмټԸµ̬ȣƺǸ˵ԼǸϱеĴӦþˡ
ⷿ䲼áţλӦòͣʱģʲˡ
Ҳ˵

ʲô
лûش

ҽкտ
տһ赽ߣ촽ѣٲˮҪѪˡ
лƬֽ̣˹һ
𼱣ﻹС

лٷ֣һۣ´ֱӶȥ
ȡ

лٷ²ӣģ
Ҳҿȥʡտ΢Цſ˵ͼܣӦ֪ɽͷȫǵɽկկɽҪֱɽعأһɽկһɽ׵կƫ·߻أҰ޶࣬ЩԼ˶Էֱ棬Ժ㻹ǲҪܵĺá
š

ǿŮ֪ôֽǴ󵱼µ˵ҪҸӡտ̾ϢһԲסˡ
лٳĬ˵еġ

ʲôطҲ֪ǻӦи׼
л뵽ôСͣһͷеܣûʲô֣ѪáлފҲ֪ôˡ

л̫δʳ͹˼ˮθͻȻһʹ
θȥ۵ҧס֡

ôˣ
տȥյǰš

硣ˬ⡣


Ŷ룬˦ŸСӣԵŮӣ߹ϣô˼۸ˡ
С㣬˵

Ϥᡣ
л̧ͷϺȻССӡű̸Цӡ
ɲˮĻСӡ

ԹСüβĵ㻹汻ץˡ΢΢.Ϸл٣үָ·ˣⶼûף
лθˡ

տסС㡣
ˡֱտаЦһ£ֿл٣СܿԺ󻹵ýɩӡ

ɽҩӽҲãֱӴ˽һڴˣ̬ȴ䣬ͷҩ乧ϣүҲڣүҩ
һۣϡ
ɽźãҾȳȥˣġ
š

лٲ²⣬տеӦþ˺񶼺ܾη

ϵҩɡտӣȡҩɴݵлǰ
лٽ˹Ĩ˵ҩϵ˸ۡ

տС㣬ȥԵ㶫Ӧúܾûʳˡ
ҲŲȥ㳤һ̧ϣ˱£ֲϱ

лͻȻ㣬Ҷ
Ų裬Ǻȥ԰Ҹ
ȥ
²豭ң

Ҳû߲
ôҪҿߣ

տЦˣʹȥɡ
ȥ

лͥ˵ŮҪᣬҪѧ˲Ż
лվָס½ǣͰ͵ؿװģ˵Ǻˡ

һ˦˵סĵطҡվߣ㣬㡣


Ȼ˵㣬游ûƭˡ

лٸȥûԷͷۻģĲӣһ·Сš

к𣿡
û

кտС㡣
ЦһԷٷϻ

л۹۰˷עɽկĵΣƣĴ
һԼҳ壬а˲ƤҲЩ˰ǵġ

Ƚ˳ͷæĳСƼ׷״кеĽСүеĽСүеĽСٵҵġ

һֲŶһֲŪŰϵˣʲôԵû
Եʲô
ţл˽

Ťͷһۣʲô˵

￴ǺԴЩ棬үˣ
ġץ˵㻨ףҸͻش緿
úúá

ˡ߱߳ԣл·СɩӣԵ㡣

ߺ󣬴лһһһСѾͷ̻ʵģ̾ûԷˣ㣬ҭţԻУܹ
лٵͷ

ģñ£ϸƤģˮ飬Ǳ˰ɡ
лûشֻ˳Է

ʲôʱϵɽ
һ硣

иСѾͷһǲǣ
лһ⻰ˣ֪Ϣ𣿡
˵͸կĶҵˣҲǺ
лˣţ

õ㣬ŴүͦģͲСˣûȢף㡣ȻмģãԸãƵɱɱģŵĺܡ
лžԴΣñѣ취ӳطȻµһǵȷһ£ղŴǸ˭
үüЦүǾˣʮ꣬ɽͷŴկû˸ԼƤЦģͷǸϣ

𣿡
ûУÿƢأһСǻˣˡƲҡҡͷŮ˺񲻸Ȥ浶ǹˣģСɣǷûϡͻȻ˶٣Ѿͷ㲻ῴ˰ɣ
ûСлٵػشӼԷ
үҪдүԸկŶˡ

ңûʶ
˴컨׹ûĻΪӣⲻ֪ɽɽˣжòԽġ
ȻòϣеС


лںտԺ죬ÿտȲ迴顢տΪȷʵʵڲ
Ȼ˲ʵã¶ûС˺ӣŴõϢ

Ȼ˵лӭ͸կšлǺտ˵ɽˣҲΪ
󵱼Ҫտѡӳɻ飬տǿ˼졣ûһֱôš

лٲµûտûȨƵĻӣķǸзϣǸӣÿҩ˵һغˡ죬˵žãԼӡ
ǸװͰ͵ĳСӡ
ԣǸСӣ㡣

죬ȴǸٵҡҺɽɽ£ùϵûлߣ





11.  11   С

ɽδ飬лٵȲˣٴγӳɽկ
կÿʱÿ̶˿أϣһǶ첻

ҹлٶѲˣ˳ǽߵƫƧկ棬ǡÿɳǽߣĸ߶ȷȥס
Ҫȥģ

ѲǺˣûжʲôֻͻ˺տ


л˽⣬կկ֮ף󵱼ҽкγԣǺĸסĸҲǱɽģ˵øƵģѺγŪʱ򣬶Ѿ´ˣγԶȳ谮ݵ±˵֣ҲǺտѹﲻأۣγһѵˡ

կ˲ѺտͷԴöȫ㣬лҲıʱм˶ڣ˵绰Ŷҳ

տȳѪɽֲڣлû취ֻóȥˡ
룬ɽûҵկԡ

ҺγԵģһƯѾͷܹȥһ֪ǰոտСϱδɻ顣
Ҳ֪տݣȾʱֱӿڸγҪˡγȶˣȴҲûʡµĵزܾԣ˵Ǹտˡ˭ʮǹγԸ˵ˡ

û꣬Ծͼȥ˺տ˵Ҫˣʵקлپϡ
տڴϣҩԸպЩͿҲ˵šš
ԿҪӣ̵Цţ㻹ǵȲЩô󵱼ҵһɣҾȴˡ

տˤڵأɽԵ˳ȥŰϣ㣬ˤүǰƤˡ
ȥ¡¡տ˵һ룬ֿʼ
ɽϣĸҰ

տѱỤˣ˸֡
һͲǺö˵İ̺ۣͺͷûӣ·վĸ./󡣬Ͷˡ

лԽקø
ˡ

Ȼͣˡ

ٵҡ
ٵҡ

㣡
Ǻ㣡

ԶԺǿС㰡ɽջ
ԡ

üûҲȥ
ȥ˵ӣѾƸζȥ
ӽƵݹ½

ƣƿҶŵζˡЦĿģҿ㰡죬Ұ㡣
á

㡣лټ㡪

㿴סл٣ζǸ
ⲻһѾͷģͦоһȥô

ⲻҴ
粻Ҫ͸ˡ

ôЦЦζߡ
л٣

һȾư
á

ӺԱ߹ȥ
лٲîȫ˹ȥס˺ȡ

£û뵽һζ壬ԸⰡ
ԸԸⶼøߡ֣ʾ½ק

л̧ҡ
һ¹лȣһһģѺëˡӸߣ£䵽ηҪȰˣ

¶ʱ˻ȥ̧ͷ
վںЦ

ָл٣ϽȻͷܡ
л֣˿ԼΨһϣˡ

ͳǹ㰴ס֣ζ壬𶯸λ𡣡
ܡƿ֣ǹлԺ󣬡֡

лյĸ
ͻȻоһʪ⣬ˣ

֣
ŭ𣬸Ҫ°ָлٵͷסԵǹǹŮ˵ģҵӣ
ҿϵˣҪôߣҪô

֡Цţȴ棬Ҫζһȥ
С㣬û˼ˣôģѲҲˣ
Ƕ𣿡

ˣ֪㲻ˣǲëͷСӣֲ뽩֣ڶֵջǹˣһŮ˶ѡӲЦţºļ磬ˣлľư
ζߡ

ԴԶȥ

´˿ɣ
лû

ˣָĶ䣬ٲҿҪˡ
лŷ֡

㿴ۣӱŪˣô죿
лٿһСƬʪӲ˲

ԽԽࡣ㱳֣һ˵ͻشǡ
á

ȥˣлٸæվ׷ȥ
ͷлҲͣ¡

Ҹ
лǰܱܲҡ

Ұ
㡣

ҲûáЦһ첽ˣٸȴϡ


ߵߣ߰ɡ
лֻȸغտ


ϣɽļԵˡͳȥˣ˺տǷԵϡ
лٱտֻðŲտߣһͬò͡
ţͷͻȻмǹ졣
ôǹ˴𣿡
ӦС㣬ҹԡ

ԣΪʲôҪҹ
˵ǹҹӡտ԰׵¶һ˿ЦݣСǸǹ
ޡ

Ϣܣ治ȫΣա
лٶ֮⣬ͷ

տ˯ºл⣬췢£־
ٴȥˣðڳȥɽ£壬Ұޣǿһûأ

̣л͵͵ﵽĵطˣɿܹȥɳϷ˹ȥ
лѸ֣̫࣬סǹ⣬ǰһ׶壬ǰ̽ˤ˼Ӳ˵ȥҲűˡ

ɽĺӰȵѹǰֲı·ı£볷ȥ֪ߡ
ȵ˶ֻᱻץȥ
лͷǰ

Ȼͷ˽
ι

лŵĿһ£ǰҿ˸飬ˡ

ء
Ϸл̧ףϵĺӰ

תǹϣҹ

лһʱıԡ
Ҫûк㣬Լڰ˳ɱǸϹǿеĹͷʣ
ʵ֤ỹǺõġ
ȡһ

װɵϸʲô
㰡ǹôҵĿ
лٲҶˡ

һС֦Χ壬ȫҸġ
ư͵ġ

лټСĵ㣬ôߡ
ҪСġһ֦׹ȥߡ

лٿȥȻߡ
߳ġ

лٹһߣţ˵³ҹܣ㲻²ȵѰ
лֺһ

ҡҡȥʲôɰ
лٶ㵽

ʧģ̹ҵ̣Ұġ
лͻȻͷ

Цſˣ
лٲ

ٿҰ·
лٿ޵ĸˡ

㱳ȥˡ
л̧֣Զ㡣

εذ֣аɣˣ⡣
лٸϽվסȵȡ

ͷôˣ
ҲԼߡ

Ǿ͸Լ
֪ߡ죬һίôڣҺ¡
ôţһɽ
лû֨

㹴ǣֲҵˣҿȥҼô죿
Ҳˡлٻæͣɽ
ûͷˡ

ȥ
ȥ˯߳ȥֻͷҹɽ·Σգ㲻ĻǹԹԻȥ
лĬĬȥߵĲ죬
ла룬Сӻͦ׵
ѹ־һͿޣһ޸ױ㲻𷣣ȥԭôá

Ϳ쵽ɽկ˴֡лٿıӰ½ţ۵ýг
ת

лֳŵҪվһ۵õȥ

ʣ˽ˣ
ţۡ




ֱˣͷҲء

лһȳһյظȥղһˤˤû뵽һ㶼֪ϧһṦӰûˡ
ԭ·أկǽٷȥʵʹζûܳɹһͷĺ

лûˣ׼ЪᣬһַǽһȥఴףͻȻ±ĶһߡûоţƵֱ

㲻°
ϿȥǽϣһЦ⡣

лٿǷı飬ͻȻһŻðûס¼ϵ͵ؾͳ˦˹ȥ

üһ
㱻ĲȥѪ

ֿѪعشȡǹ
лҲûˣӵߣݵضҰɣѴ䱻Ū˸ɾ

ͷջǹҪǸеģԴѾˡ
лתֳһȳһյȥ

ȥ
ιȥ

ǽֱӰ˿ϼ磬лıſ
ƨ.һ£ٴֶˡ

лճȭȥ
ɽӵΧǽһߣлˤɳϣԼˡ

һԾڵϿ𣿡
л־Ҫס󣬡ٶȣʮֶֻ򲻵ҡ

̫ˣл
װôã¶Ŀˡ

лýסСȡ
֪ʲôЦһֻС¹

ٷϻ
ɿ˵֣Ƣϲ

л󣬼Ǹ˵ıѪͻȻЩЦ

Ҹ˯𣿡
лٲ

㻰ء
ʲô£

ϻ˯û˯
𣿡

ҿˡעӳŲԶ⡣Ҳ֪˵Цģû˯ҾҪ㣬˯ˣҾ㡣







12.  12   ̫Ѹ

Ҫǿ˿ڣҾֱҸȥ
ûСظһ飬û

ˣ
šл̹ףҲôԡ

׷󡣡
ûʲôûˡ

ﲻߣЦţƴҴȡ
лӣ˶ģžͲˣȥˣҲáȹңȻʱ˵㣬Բᣬλߣɽõѡ񡣡

Сͦ𰡡ĽţȻ͵һŤ棬ˡ
л۵üһŤ꾹ûôʹˡ

İɣɱ㣬㻹ҵǹ¡վҪ˯ˣɩӣҿɲ۸ɩӰ


㻵ЦȻûУǾеˡ


Ż𣿡
е㡣

ĸ첲Ƶӵ˼ϡ
ԼߡļܿߵҲȣôſŲܣл߬·Ҫȥģ
ȥģȥҷ

л룬ȵҲȥҲȥ
ոջ˵ĺܶͷˣ

лٲˡ
Цһȥҷ

ⷽտȥġ


ߵտԺſڣ£Լ߽ȥɡʰʰһ㡣ˡ

лֲõԤУϵѪͼأӻ𣿶ԲˣҪͳҾһԡ
װˡһʶȥú˯Ժûô˯

лЩ͸Сӣ㵽Ҫ
ûЦˡ

лٿʧҹɫıӰƵػطȥۣɵϣ͵ؿŷЩ
ӣѶԸ


ڶ磬лտͷˣûлٳͣͽ˴ߡ
Ժլ˵ĵλտֻһСԺӣ䷿ⲻԺӴ󷿼࣬СǴɨļѾˡ

㲻Ժֱлٲż
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š

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֥֥ظһ飬ֱԱߵţһƽƵ֨һ̶úܣ֣֨֨֨֨

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ҲǸɵĸס

лٹȷ飬ɴϡ
ãӦ˯ˣֳ˳֣ûѡ

ô㡣
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лѣڴһֱڵϵл٣ѾͷۣδۣƤְֱС֦Ữһ¾ˡ
㲻ϧûнϴҲ֪Ҫ˼Сϸ̺ӣ͸ɰͰͿ˯š

ҹڴ׵ģЦˣЦ
һЦлˡ

˯ᱳʹۣһۼЦеضԼï}ûţ͵һ֣ȥְڵ֧ס壬ôҸ
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ΪʲôЩĻţ

л֮
лͻȻͣסˡ

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㶼ˣҸʲô

֪֪ŻȥңѾˡ
ʲô˼
ףᣬˡ˵ܼ򵥣ƻŮ°ɽඪˡ

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ǻزȥˡ
үүôлٲںˣֻһִүү

֪ûס֣ǰ㻹ȥҵկӶá
һһ

뵱ʲôţס°ͣҿ˿̾˿㣬ҲպϿ

лٴ֣Ҿ޼ҿɹ飬ĴƯҲ
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ܳȥ𣿡
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ߵſڣ׿һۣлٵͷ˼ȥЩįţ͵ˣȻԷ˵ûóԡ

лٲûģ֮С
л˵Ϊһֱǿҷ磬棬ôܽѵŮ
ĻԼܻصүү


лںܿ죬û˶ɽлǡ
Բû壬ԿԼԼϴɾȥͺԷˡ

Լ棬˼ȥ
лٽסһҪ

ֹһҪô
Ҫ

˵óʮ
ôࡣ

࣬ܳԣԲ겻
лٿĿǣһҧ°ϾƵģʮѣʮܳꡣ

Цˣӣȥʮ
Դˣðɡ






13.  13   

Ӽලлٳʮ
ԵʮлѾˡӷˮѼԺ˷ַ֣

磬˼棬лٺȥץ㡣
۱ȹվڰһףԸл٣ȥ

лٿںӼ棬ԹԹȥ񣬾ˡ
ŽͰNɪظ˵˰ɡ

лٴǰץ㣬Ҳ⣬ʾӦÿ԰ɣоеѣҾ
ȥɡ
ץʲô

߾ӱ߿Ҫʲô
ɽ
Ҿ֪

𣿡
ԡ
ʲôʱԣ
顣
лٲ˵ˡ

Ӳ磬󲻴󣡡
Ӳӣ󡣡
Ҿͦ󰡡ӰŽͰڿл٣Цʣ磬Ҫɽ
šЬӵϣȻ¸𣿡
ҿɲҡ
ЦûϢ

ʲôʱţ
ʰ棬ߣ˵
ӿȵһæϽ˺ӣǱ࣡

˿ʯͷǿɫʯͷͦÿҪӸл٣Ӵһ飬˵Цġ
ôһ㲻ˬ

лһ׼²棬ȻһɹǰлŵһؿԶĺ㣬ҵġ
ÿһҵġ߹γŵؿҲҵġ

ӡۡЦȥǱˡ

лСһ䡣
ˡ
䡣

㵯һˮץ
лٲȥ§һˮ

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лҪ㵥ϥ˰ˮ
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Сǣҡ
лٺˮȭߡ

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лٱһܶͿˡ
ͻȻڴӣЦ˵ô

лһŰ߷
ˮ˵ؿ㻹ңԡ

лͷվûվȣ´򻬳ˤ˹ȥײ
Ȼűӵл٣ײˣ
š

𣿡
ۡ

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˦˦֣лʪ͸ǳɫ̹ӽͰ͵ϣճϸС΢ǰͷء

лűӸȥˡ
һ


ض飬ϳȫͣ㣬㣬
ӰѺտҲ˹տɫúܶ࣬лòҲˡ

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㿴˫ͷ
лʢһ롣

ҲҪٺһ룬֣ûˡ
ûˣⲻ

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á

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лٵһ֣˭

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á

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Ʒǵóԣ˲١˿ٵɽǲźĲУ
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лٴ̧ۣǰµˣֻտ̫Щ˵ɽźĲУ˦ӣҲͲλƽʱĭÿμŹģɵʱһ㶼ء
֨տʾҪ죬ôء
лٲ˵ˣԼ

Ƭ̣ȳԷ
տ̾Ҳ֮飬˭ԸչһĲзϣ㲻ҪΪ
лĬĬţипǸʥа

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ӦƵ˼ΣȰɡ
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лתͷܣ任λʯͷȴ׷һ㣬һδδϡ

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תûѧ͵Ϯˡ
лٰһۣŵش°߹ȥʤ֮䣬Ҳƽϡ


ҺѽԶǸҵĶӣϵʮҪá
ԶںԺţ¶档Űɫ˶ñӣţٲȻһĻĸҹ
Զ㿪ɤӣᡪ

Զͷ˸Ůޡ
ϣ˭
ϵѾͷˮ鲻
а裬Ů˶ҡ
Ůˡʯϣźͷл٣統ŵģҪˡ
裬㻹𣿸Ů˶
ӹӵĲһû׶ûϴû飬үǿϾҪҲ㣬һ

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㿴ЦźүȲ衣
лֱȥˡ

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̫û˼ҾϲѱƢġ˿ڲ裬߰ɣȾȥ
ʲôƣɽһˡ

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£߱˵

ֱӲ˹ˣһˡ
ⲻˣ㡣
ң

˺ˡԶקĸ첲Ҫߣ߰ɡ
˦ߡ

˸յԺ⣬ͻȻͣ£ۻȥһᡣ
ָȥ

ƿлٵţڻ·ͷͳҹȥ᲻š
ᡣͷӻҳȥһˣţӣܣկﻵ˶Ŷ
ܸһȥҲܣ㣬ơͻȻ࣬żֳһ⺦¡
ΪҲ֪ʲô⣬ʵš

ǿɲԽҾùˡ
ٷϻصعţһ
лվֽͷ˦ȥ

㷵ҡ
ͷʹȻȥӡ

˵㻰
Цһˡ


㲻ڣлӹࡣ
ȥկһˣȴûлӭлԼлӭʲô£׷ʣ֧֧ģ
ϲǮʱ뼸浽ŻлҲˣ£ʱ䶼˯˾͵Ժתת

գлԺιһź۵ŮӸߵؽԺӣԶĺö磬硣
磬ؽеľǺˡ

ҸԺӾͿлٵıӰתҶʱ˸ɫ˭
лͻȻ֪ôشˣԼʲôأҲ˵

һԴɨԺӵĸ˶˾죬ٵҵĴӴүҪѾߡ
ͻȻЦһŶ㰡˵˸ӣԭǸŮġ´ʲô֣
а֨˵

𣿡ɷسĳޣű߾һ£졣
ŵùڵϡ

ȥˣ
ɽˡ

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ǰ硣

ջرӣл߽Щ֨ǰɡ
šлپò̫

ȻǸӣӦòɡ
˲˵ͷ溹

㲻ڣҲ֪ȥˡ
߲ƣĴζͶԼĵ⣬˳ǶԺŰĽ֮顣
֮ѣӲȥˡ

лٱҴȥկ
կ󵱼ĶŮ׶塣Ű裬һ˶ҵл٣޷Ǵŵ֣׼ͷãδ˼лٷֺҾͲһˡ

лǱ˫֣һ·ǣȥģΪܵקˤһӣһӳϡ
ʱһѪۡ





14.  14   

ӴҹŻսԺӣӭϣɻˣ
Ӻ˵ƣҹ㲻˯
կѾͷˣѰ֨ˡһݣûҵһˣô찡
ѹûȥĻЦЦŵȥ

˯קĸ첲ѾͷӣѲƤ㲻ȥѣ
Ӳʡˡ


лܾĥûеƴһϾ˼ҵĵ̣Ů˶̫ǿƢ𱬣ԼҲ˷һӵ¡
һҲᣬкܶûȥүү
ֻţҲͺˡ

ǿˣ㻹ûг֡


лٴӱկδʳϣŵСֵܸӽͷлٲǶôеˣҲûǿģʶŲҪġڱĥ֮ǰɲȶˡ
ڱͷСֵֵˮͷ桢һ˺۵ˣ̾˿˭ãƫƫС㣬Ŀͷˡ

лٽ뽻ΡδڣϽ˸ƺٵһ𣿡
㻹ٵҡСֵü鼸ۣɱڴСǰᣬǰиŮģͳٵЦЦСˡ
лٳĬ

˳СûرΪ㡣
лȣһˣûΪѡ

㻹Ҫˮ𣿡
лٵͷ

ٸ㵹ȥ
лл

Сֵվ߳ȥյſڣһ˻ײɢɶѵľͷ
лһ£ſŭһޣص˦Сֵϡ

СֵûҺۣſڵϣС㡣
ԽԽˣѧ첲ˡ
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ȥ
Сֵȱ˳ȥ

һسл߹ȥϴЦȻɧӣߵĶŹˣûһһġ
лһ

ңұ֣ǰ㻹֪ɣˡ
лס

С.ӣҵɽΣ𣿡
ɱл߬ȭͷ

ǰԣһǹȥԽˡЦñޱ°ͣ..ˣҲû˼ҰѣӦллҡ
лұëˣվ־һӣôңӿˡ

֣һΣлٽסıӣû׼㱻ˤлûôԶһˣŪңǵĸӱŭ

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ԶԶؾСľ˻ߵĲҽС

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û뵽ͷͦӲô㣿Ұγľһһ£ΪʲôһѣһǸȥû

Űˣû˼ˡ
ľϣлٰ嶼ľˣľ˳۵ֶڲ


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Һǣˡ


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á

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С

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лѾŲסˣʶȴڣת˸ſڴϣ·ǿ¶Ѫܵı
֪ԼڵжûˣĻ˵ʲôסڰԼǹˣҲûν

СĨҩлҧűӣһҲû
ҩϵһ룬ͻȻ͵ҩƿߵسȥˡ˲ã˸ҩ


ȥկٴΰŵŸ
˸·ֱҵķ䣬һŰ߷ˣŭ̡

һδѣԺ߹ĺ㣬硣
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Ӳôġ
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һ㲻ţؿһޣƤ

㡭㾹ȻΪһˣҲ˵ǡʲôˣΪң
㲢мڻش⣬˱ӾҪߣ˹קס·һ˺һ޺絶ۣߣ˵

ᣬŮҲˣһĶϣӱ㡣
ҲţԼһ𳤴÷Ϊһ֪ҰѾͷԼɱ֡Ƕһֳȥסб¾Ϳǹң

㻹б¡
ֿһǹ

ҿϵѪ˰Σż

ıߵͷӽ˻
￴ģһҿԡ

ͽק˸Сˣ˭
Сŵֱ¡

˵
һŵĸһ

Сͷ۲ֱûˣûˡ
㿴¶ɱկҵˣƭңҰιǡ

һƨɡ
ء
ûûˡСˣ֪ǡˡҽ˯û˸ҡ;;һƨɡûˡ
£Сڵϣȶˡ

أɨһ飬˻ش𣬴һ˵
˳ڷ˯


һתۣ˳ǰٵңҴˣĴˡ
㲻ϻظһ侲ģȱŭηֻã
ͷٵҲˡʹԼ֣֡
һ飬ֻ

֪ӣ֣ûӦһŲֱϣһȥֻ֡
ԼĶ֫۵Ѿû֪ˣסѪпڵϴ

˲صһ߿ϵĶ֣һԲسߡ
ֵ̫ˣ·ûã˹ԼŮһֵѪӵֱӴĴټǰӣ۵Ѻˡ
ֵسͳǹָź㣬ʲô֣

ӼǹҲǹź꣬λ͵ɫмֵģկ֮Ҳ˿η壬δ󵱼ң¡

㰴ӵ֣ǰһûԼ̣Ӳŵ˺
壬ԼȥĺùŮ

ʲôҲö֣֣ôǹ
ǹǹͷǹӵ󣬡ŮһǿϣٸҵˣһС

ֶ뿪ָСӣ֣ҵš


ӿصկл￴˿Ѿ˯ˡ
վڴ߿һųȥ

Ӻ⣬ͷû㷣Ұɡ
ԼǵĴûϵ

۾ˣлٱĥǸӣҲۣݣһֶֻˡ
ۣҲ죬ʲôˣ

ǡ֨á
µģôˣ
ˡȭȥկˣ˵׶͸ˣȥկң֪Ѿ졣˲õĲɽ׷ɱˡ

˵
ʬ屻ɽ£ҵʱѾʣʲôˣ˾͵ˡûĸ߰֨һֱʣҾͶŵ㣬û뵽ˣҡ
ˣǵġ

ͬʱĬ
Σ˵˹ţԺ˽

ǡЩ˲ˣ۾Ҳý
ңǡ





15.  15   

лһ˯ó, ڶ
˴ڱſڴϣҷ

Զһ˯ִ, ɫ, ·Ͼţϵķһࡣ
лٺܶ, Ļţɿִ˯㣬̴ţ۰Ͱ͵Ȼ

, ִСȳࡣ
ˡ

ִѾͷ, ʲôʱѵģȻ, ˡֳ˦˦, ߵߣоô𣿡
ⲻϻ
š

ٵҵĽչ, Ժʲô˵С


ִƿӿ˿ȣѪֹסˡѾͷ涾, ùءִǺñ, Ƕ졣˵ʹЦ㿴󲻴󡣡
лٽвڣҽɡ

Ҳɡ
, ˮлٶϵĲһˣ鷳ҰѲùɡ

лֱҧźȡ
㡣

ףһβ䡣
ҿϰıӣûҩˣһֱ˯ҾûҶŪ㡣
ã鷳ˡ

鷳㾡ʹң𲻺˼ҩٵҵĸҺüأǶûң֪Ϊɶ
лٲ֪

Цٵҵ˵Цرϲˣ㿪ģ


׼ҩˣסЦס֣㣬ŵ㰡˾ͽС
š

лͻȻע⵽Լ壬·أ
ˣ̫鷳һһģ˿ۡ쿴СϸݵϣĹٵҼڵģöԵ㣬˺


ҩû꣬ͻȻţϣˣ
лٱŵһôˣ

ȵȣϾҩ࣬Сųȥ֪ܿԶûأ·紵ֻţ˾䣬Ҷһͻ
š

űˡ
лŴ㶣յ顣־ԼѾǵˡ

˾ˡ
ǰ㿪ߵġͬŸᣬ³ƵġսлٶۣŴ߶ˡ
š

վߣޱظʲôʱѵģ
ѡ

־Ҫȥлٵıӡ
лٸϽסֱһ˺Ѱʹ

Ҷʲô

뿴˿ڣҪȥƱӣлţû·
翴ˡ

ˣֻ˹һ
Цջ֣Сͦᣬһҹȥġ
лͷҹȥˣ
㱨𡣡

ɱˣ
ûɱ

ʲôɱáлĿ⵭ؿܰҵʬ𣿡
ȥ̫侲ˣԭô˵£ڿġ
Ѿˡ

ˣ
ɽϣȥ
á

Ĭˡ
лǿ˼Ҹûʲô飬һĸףûһ𳤴ҲմѪԵĹϵԼˣûΪ˱ʹңһᱨġ

עһᣬӦɽ룬ھͿߡ
סһʱ𣿡лٿϵı޺ۣʱˡ

˳жҲ㡣лٴ˿̧ۣ𣿡
Ⱥú˰ɡתȥ

лٽס㡣
ͷ

лл㡣
ûлӦ˳ȥ

뿪ͻˣһ룬Զľߺȣˡ
Ǽ㡣

лŵζ΢΢ͷ
𶯣Ҷ˹ȥȽϣŲ˸ʵߣȥ룬лٲֱˮĿ̧ȥӡ

̣𶯣ֻţι㡣ҨһȺȿڣ
лٴչȥ˸ɾ

ô
ͷţúȡ

Сһ磬ȣá컹ûٵҵĴҹȥģζɡ
š

ѵüٵҶԹôģҿʮĻΪѾͷͷЦеأСָҨ˿⣬ҹȥկѾͷȥˣһ˵Ѿͷӣһǹϣˣ
лٻؽ⡣
һֶֻѣҾ͸֮ء

ѾͷʹӣԺǲˣã̫裬ÿⶼźһһ仰˵ıӣºˣǱӱٵӻˡ
ǱӣлƺƤϵ

ǱԭٵģѾͷϲĲУҫôĥ㣬ǳԴˣҿûСϻʲô˵̲̣
лҡͷ

˵иֵֻģ붼ˡ˵㲻ǣٵҵ㣬ԺɽͺߣСǼϵû˸ҵ
лֻ˺ϲһԲ

Ҫ˵կӣկã󵱼⼸겻£ȫٵңЩ뺺ӱٵҹ˲٣ɽɱġկҲկмҪ˵ٵҾ͸ȥúùܹܣɱɱμҵ

лĥ£⼸կȨƵһô࣬ܲܽƾݾ͵ô٣ССͱ˼ɵΪ컰࣬һףΪʲôҶ
ᰡȻͲ󣬵һ£첻µز£ֺݣ涯ûŪùӦ֪ǹָͷӵһ׼ġ

һΪǴҽȽ
Ҳ˵ˣٵҵĲҽᣬССҲϡһԺҪġ
˲Ҳɽˣ˵

꿪ڱɽ·һöһٶˣʮ˴һʣ˽һͷÿӴ֪ʲôô
лٶ⣬һ䣬ʲôˡ
ձˡ˵ͺˣԼ죬´󵱼ҵĽֹģޣ͵ûʲôû˵
Ŷ

ҷΪиҪģĿ󡣡
󣿡

ٵҵû
ûС

һˣ֪𣿡
֪
ϵң᷽ң׸ҶӸٵҵĹϵǿɲһ㣬ǰ컹һˣû𣿡

лԺеȺĳӣϴɽλ𣿡
ԶԶԣСӳƯ˵ý˶̤ˣҪ˵ͣжʮ˰ɣóɼˡ
˵˰죬һûصϡ
ʲôϵ

ٵһú󰡡
ţ˵˵

ⶫϱɽɲͨɽȫúǰϵҵĲòɣ»˷ˮ󵱼Т˳Ҳһֱûöֱϵҵȥˣ󵱼˿ڣٵҲżִ˿󣬾ǺһɵġôַҵǲԴ˿Ӷˡǰʱ򣬷Բɱ׸ţƵģٿڣȺ˳ȾƳ⡣
㻹Ǹԡ

կͷûˣկСկӼӿɵǧˣ׳ַ¿ȻΣգǸǮ࣬Ҳɡ

ȻˣΪʲôҪ٣
Ͳˣ˳ٹ̵ĳëĲ˵ġҪ£կҲܿ˰ЩҵģЩû£ȾƶǮ˾͵͵ɽ·ģ˭ײ˭ù
ȷʵ˰˱ӵù

ҾǱɽġСιһŴ㣬ε֜ȥ̾ԭ໨ģɽ·ҡ
㲻𣿡лʡ

ʲô˺ӶɽϣҲûˣȥ˸
лٿЦЩᡣ

һʼܣҲ뿪ˣȥأŮ ûҪҪֵعӣûиɽɽ¶һҲң᲻ߡ۲˵οɽҲǴ˼ҵĹɣ˵ɽϺܶطȲ棬ҲкôĿٵҵģɽͷĹϡأúøһӲ󵱼ҵ⼸겻£Ⱦƣò˶þͻȥʱɾٵҵĶˣһŮˣպ˼СģҲǴ󷿣ѹկˡ


ٵҵĲģĻġü۵飬ѹ˵ܶ»֪ҲǱɽģǿǸˣҿ˶ŲۣƯﻹǮ֪˶ٽƱˣ󵱼ҵľǲš
ء
ʱһǺտ󵱼ҳ谮ˣúտԼա˺ָ󵱼һҲкûʱˣٵҡ
ѹ֣û̸϶

󣬺ձ飬˵δپձ˵֡
лٸȤ첻֨ˣȻأ

˽ֵܶʶ֣ѽѽ˵󵱼Ҫɶɶ·ûģǲϣҼû̫ÿˡ˳ԴϺ˲ϡĺܡΪѾˣû뵽ˣǰǰǰš˵һٵҵȥ񣬽ǲע⣬ɽͷҲصˡٵʱС׷ʮأʱȫѪ󵱼ҵĴȥ׷ҲûˡҲݵģӣ˵ҪͲҪˣ´һҲɰ

ж
ʲôأӡ

Ͻ죬װģЦЦϹأģҸ߶߶һ鼦ݵߣԿ⡣
˰ŵϣٵ͵˳ԡ

лٶ˵лл
߽Щ¶ΣüͷţԲ𰡣ܣû㡣
㡣

ֹúϢôҡ
á

죬ͷúչ
ͷͷӦõġ


կңһͬկҪָ˵
ûκγ˺ü飬ֻӦӦȥ档

ںγ£һʦģߴߴ˵˰죬һûȥ
С׼ˡ

Ҫߣָվס
ͣ£ƽƽ˵Ůˣ壬ҿϣûȥιǣһֻ֣ˡԽ˵ԽÿȻȥ

ѹһ໰ûָˣɽµŮˣͻկĹأԼˣ㻹ǸٵңԺҪ¼կģկһֱ㣬øҸ
һû˯Ƥ㻹֪أŮԺ˴ߣĥ죬ҲҪҪҲ죬¾ˡ

ܸұȣʲô
ηڱһֱû֨ԿȰС㰡ǶƫģҿǺһ𳤴ģ֣ȷʵˣҶ˼Ӧ׵İġ

ѾͷҵҪûŷк
ȻĿⲻƵؿʱЩԼɽʮ꣬ɱëͷСӵļʮֹȴǱס

û˵ǰһ˵ͷĻҳˣַŪãӻûˣˣãһˡ

һֱĬĺγԷˣС㣬ô˵أʲôӣСԳص㡣

ɭɭض˲
һаɣ壬ʲôҪѵСš
㡭

ˣˣ¡γԷܲͷҪ˵ѾͷдȣŮҵģƢùܹˡ
磡

Сɽ㶫ȥ͸ӣ¹ȥ
Ƶźγԣǡ
죬ͷۡγԻվûȥȥ

ֽУ磡
ȥ
ףǡ

ηҲȰ뿪
޷޵ؿź㣬һȥ

㿴μֵܳԱ뿪λߣ͡


һûԺ
ҽлپûˡ
ԺֻܾмɨĵлڴϣðϢ˯ţû˯š
ۣͷֺûһĵء
߬ű죬ɱǡ

ٵһˡ
лʱ֣ſڿȥȷ᲻һʱԼһֱſڣűƿ
ɺû

üˣһζû


⼸ҹûǹɽİҲ֪ȥˣһֱûˡ
лϵδȬۻ۵ģֻǿȥûôΪᣬټţҩţָĻҲܷŲ¡

ҹͷͻȻһлڴϣ죬ûӦ
֜ͷδͣûô󶯾ǳʲô

л׿⣬Щ⣬Ѳʧˣ
̫ˣչ˲źá

߹һӰΣǺ㡣
лٿſڣŸνЦſûˡ
ٵչ˵ĺáлٿµΣҵģ

㽫Ƶߣû£Ŵĸ˸
лٿû˵
Ÿ
Ŷ

лֳŴŲ
ôȫ̿һ¡

ô
ͦõġ

Ȧԡ
лҵأǰȥͦá
ˣȥľǿϧˡ

лٻǰʲôˣô
¡

ˣ˯ɡߵſڣȻͣˤӣҪ˯ҲԳ
л룬Ͻθȥ

կļһȺΧɸȦȭߺţˤˤ
вУ
ϣϣ

һΧˮйͨүǷ׷õٵҵˡ
ٵҡ

մźĹ⣬лҲ˸λãɫСֵܸӣлپԱšžկկ˵ļơ

лٸܵ˵Ŀ⣬սź㣬˵ﶼˣǲǲ
һۣ¡


лټˤӵˡ
ˣ

޻˵תξҪ뿪
סǴӣˣᣬûþȷùˡ
лٱȥ˵
ЦЦתҪͺúÿ

һһȻֳʤӮ׳ȭ˻ţһڻ˲Ƶġ
ѾʤˣܵС
˺ȲУȥһ׳Լ׳ظͷܡ

лֻ뵽֡
ç

ƾĲ޿ͷ
챻Χ˵źˣԴ˵ģЩ룬̾˿
ˣˣ
ǡ
̾ʲô
û˼
û˵

ȥôҲûܰˮƽˡлЦҲˣȡʤɽЩģŲ˶á

ȫĸ֣ˡ

ˣ
ȻһСǱˣ

㿴ˡ
лٿףͷſɵİɫ£һѵһǹ
׳ȥϳֵǵĺߣĵ·ڲ

䳤ø߸ߴģ⼡ⷢľ׳ǰԵЩжµǹףӵһߣ׳˵Ұ
ҿɶү
ɡ

׳̧֣һƣҧײһ˹ȥƵĳָ׳ЦĨ±ӣֳ˹󵹣סͻȻһշȥܵ׳סĸ첲

ٶ̫ˣ˿׳ôµġ
춯ء

лųʤ꣬ǡСӣѹֱôϲ
һ⣬ߵǰض˵ɽµʿٿܳŶá
ꡣ

ü⳯һ£ͻȻֳΰѣǼײ
лټʱȥΣŵͷһ

ЦſҡҷĻĹ㡣
лȻΧĺˣֻߵͳ
˵ʲô

лٲ
˵һ顣

лٶ㿪Ŀ⣬͵һתѣߣȴһ뱻˻
ʲôһܳ㲻ɣ

Ҫȥˡ
ȥ𣿡ֽЩ


лٸܵõȵıϢȥ

㿴һ޿ת˹ȥ˺Ǽ档
лٱ뿪ӭȥΧ˵
㣬ٵҵġ
׳͸󵱼ҵ˯
ү㣬˼أײඡ

лԸΣκ㽫Լƽ䣬ǲĺԼʲôϾһ˺ۣҲÿ

ͣڴǰ
һİ

֨
һеģͻȻЩš

лɤӣôˣ
û˵òſڣûʲô˯
Ŷ

лתͷȥȴѾԶųȥˡ







16.  16   ǹ

κܺ, лٳࡣǹϵٵˣ¹ŮٶͿġ
ɽկǰеѲ̫ͬ, ȻЩɷĺ, סźܶ࿴ȥ޸֮ͨգЩ˸滹ЩϹ߲, ЩѼţ
ʹҲʹлĹۡ˾ǷˣŹɱ, ˵ʹԶ޷ֲ

л۲һȺ˽һ򿴹ȥߣվ, ˸ֳִܲ
ιȥ, 

ܲٵģˡ
Ҳ, лл
ϺһԣúܡЦŽܲŽ, ٣߸ɻ̧ͷл١ϵ༸ȥɫҲúܶ, ѹٵϲ, ӣƯܲˮ顣


ĵ𣿡
ǣСӼҵ, Ҿټܲԡ
Ǳֵʲô
˳Ŀ⿴ȥС
ô󡣡
иġ

·һۣܲء
ǰ

л٣õĻϰ𣿡
ͦõġ

ɷ˲ӿȣôˣ
öˣһʱվ
ż
š

Ӷ˵ܲϵ࣬ܲƯ
üȥٱЦ
ҿɲָȥԾС

һ
á
ôûٵҵģ
վ˸Ծȥˣиھ֣͸ʲôƿǸŶ
ɶã͵
ɱȽϡˡ
Ҳֻ֪Ӻáۿȥɣ̫ˣѾͷϸƤıɹˣͷٵҵĹŶ
лٲȥãûô󡣡

ЦЦȥתת
Լ˵ţлתˡ

˦ϵĲȥ㣬ˤôҡ


лǴ˼ҳɽҰûʲôСӣѣúӻǲϲʹˡǰҪѷ˶˵ںת࣬Σ˶˱Լȥʳ

лپˣԼȥ˵ͷȵ࣬򷢹ȥ緹

ճ뿪ƵػιлҡδӳϽȥôˣǶ˰ɡ
ԺԼԷͺˣ鷳ȥ
ôСͷȥʲô
ͷࡣ

ٵҵôͳЩȥˡ
ãԳԻҲ壬ȵ

ٸš
ĳԲ£Ҫȥɣӳԡ
Уҿɲҡط䣬ϵأҲѣҿû
û£Ҳ䡣
ӱûãϽݡ

˵ţǰͷ߹캰ٵҡ
㿴ˣת߹лע⵽ֻӡ

ץˡͷ򣬡ͷ󡣡
ͻȻӵлٵϣѸٵؽס§ţ𾪵
ץġ㵧˵֣еݣɱ
еݡȣⶼв⡣

лӱڷɡ
㡣㲢ôӣʲôأ

̾ң˵ͽݣ˵㣬ùԸҳԵġ
лٽ͵̫ˣҳ͸͸˳ȵࡣ

סΰ˹ưǺð죬Ҵȥ

һҪ𣿡˵
ӻֹ֣

ȥģл
͸͸ʹú͸


ȥϵطǹ
лٿԶһǹУһºˣֵõӡ

۾ʲôأ
ӡ

ˣ
лӣ˻ûã𣿡
ġ

ô˵սû˼Ǿ㲻һġ
Ȥ˵˵

Ǵġ
ʲôģ

ӿ״Զ߹
лָǹУǹ˭Ӯ

ͻȻЦӣû
ѾڿףҲ˵һ䣬ˡ

ǵڶ˸Ҹұǹָΰѣζؿ˼
ףЦ˵֪֨һǹʲô³𣿡
лٿʲô³

üң²¡
Ŀֻصϣˣ
˶û˼˿ϴЦעǹƨɽһȦ

лٶ˫ûкˡ
𣿡ֱֱ󣬡Ůģ۸û˼淨
δػ䡣

һЦ˷üӸϽ磬һƴȥɡ
ȥŶ

ͳԼǹݸл٣ô涼֪ôұȣ
˭˵Ҳ֪ˡлٽӹǹӵվһǹ쿴ǹ㵱ӣҲᶼС

ЦŵͷУʲôע㶨
Ӧ¡
á㽫ӸУаǹӮ˵۸㡣

㲻Ҫʲô£
ʡ

Ҫʲô
ָ°ͣš

лû㿪ؿС
ĬƬ̣ٵЦһУ޸ĸôҿһվֱˣ͸š
Ӳҭס

תͷҪҪ
Щţװҡҡͷ

Цſл٣㿴˶Ҫ㡣
л
̾ϢһҾΪɡ

лپƣһΪ
һ£˱ޡ
Ȣңлѧ˵Եع𴽽ЦһΣλãǹǹУ׼ء
򵽸ߡ

еؿľϿǹУٶӵ
лִ˺üǹֻ

㿴ȥˣͻȻסĸ첲
лټһҪ֣첲ᣬɿģŪ֣ǹôյģ׼ٴû
š

ס֣һǹԡ
лٴ˳ȥкġ

֣һǹɣǹ
ãҿɲռˡ

Ц
ҲЦУ־

лٰոյַָһǹĲߡ
ͷţöˡ

һǹаġ
ӹ԰

лٻϵУǹ׼ģЩ⣬ο⡣СʲԼķ緶
лͣǹģôˣˡ
䡣

лٿĵЦ㿴ЦƬֱ̣ڣǹ㡣
ŲĿ⣬ˡ
Ӿˣǿġ

һǹѡжǹףӸȥɡ
лҲллˡ

˵ɣҪʲôпľ䣬ɽ
ǡ

ôˣ᲻ˣ
ǰ
ǼЦй

Ҫ·лſ֣ɫľӣǸ·봩֣úܡ
ԡ

ҪƯġ
û⡣Цſأ
ָס
ԡ£һ˵һ

лͻȻǹźԴŵøϽл٣ɱС߻𣡡
㽫ƿȥ

лٵЦſ㣬κӦ
ϻ
Ǻáлȥҵӡ

Ӳ˼飬֨
𳳡бۿӣվԶ㡣

磡

Ӳ鲻Ըվ׿⡣

̯̯֣԰
лٷǹ֮ǰҸëͷϡ

Ĩ˰ͷͷô壿
򵥡лٳ°ͷĺڲͷϣͿԲˡ
ӹԸķ䡣ӣȥҸë

磬Ÿѧᣡô档
ȥ
Ҳȥ
̧Ҫȥ

ˡлٿߵûôףüëҲУȥƬҶɣ־ҶվԶ㡣


˵õõͲҶȥ˸ëͷϡлҲǳţ»˿ǼëǼǹ
˿ǰŵû궼ˡ


㣬лٻԺӱֹȥȾˡ
ֱҹŻ

лٻδ˯ţֻͷĽ̸
ԼŲԽԽ

ˡ
ҴƵġ

֨㻽һ
лٲ泯ǽװ˯űˣ˲ȥ

˭ϺӴ˽
лٻװ˯

һζߵĴߣصļһѣװˣ
лٷҹָ

ġ
ʲô

䣬̧֣ȳ
лʧ˳㵽ͷÿ

ҡҡܣʲôһ
лٽرűӣҿÿ

ָװ
ûװ¡

㵥ϥ򵽴ϣҪҲš
лټͷ˹ȥ߿

³ӣ˷ܣȫ˴ɰġ
лûˣ

ԽԽͣȻסקקıǣˣ
лٳ

ֱ󣬡úúãߡ
˴ˣˡ

лش̧һۣ治ˣЦһͷͱӣ¼˯

ŲȣƵߣȻͣԺ롣
߸ܣ˴ĶӣԹ㡣
˼˰ɡ
㣡





17.  17   С

, лͷһԡ
Ժ֣лʲô𣿡
µ״󵱼ҵĹ, 񡣺կ, ղſζˣƸ, ú첼ţҲ֪˸ʲôƼֵܶˣÿ궼, ǰü񡣡
ǵ֣лٶʱɫҲס, Ҳˣ

ǾͲ֪, Ҳûȥϸˣûµ, ˣҲ
, лٵͲ£һǹʡԼŷȥҡ

̽, 󵱼ҹǲǻܶˣկ˶𣿡
կկյı붼, կҲܶˣϵģʱ֪ˣɽ, ֵĲˡ

ӦҲ
лЦЦãп˸죬Ե㡣
GԼУҪԵ㡣

˵ţߵš
һͬſڣǸİס

ӭȥʣ˭
һֱų;״ƷһŴӣٵҵģСģʱ䡣ӿл٣ʷ
лָָǽߵӣɡ

߽ϡ
лתιȥʣʲô
֪ˡӽƷȡСĲ𿪣һһںá
Ǳīֽ⡣

лٿǣʱ˹⡣
Ӳϣʲôȱģһȥ
лűëǺƷʻȫлл㡣
лңҾȵģлٵҵġûʲôµĻҾˡ
ãߡ
G

ǿдõģôֽöð
õģЩҾˡл̿һֽֽԱЩˣҲܽͻ

Ȳ̨ϵ˼ˮī㿪ʼĥī
Υī㣬̫ˣ

ҪҰ𣿡ûʹⶫϡ档
ˣȥæɣԼŪͺá

Ҫ𣿡
š

Ҳûɶ£㻭һᡣ
á

㶼ửɶ
ɽˮ񣬶ԡ

ܻ𣿡ɵЦˣˡ
ԣҾȰ㻭һš


лһ춼ڻ콫Ӱᵽڣ͸պܿԶɽصɽ䣬ƬƬۺɢϲľ
ڵʱ͹лֻ˼ڴҴӦ㼱ȥ

ƹⱻ嵲סлֻõŰ¼СݸĬ
ȼˣлźȥһδӿտգûжġ

ҹƣҲ£ġлСתγ˷䣬ȥЩȴŽţɽկֻʣ·
лٹԺ룬ڵҹ̾
Ѿҹˡ
ǻͿʱ䶼ˡ


л̫ûЩ񿺷ܣշת÷˯š
ҹѣԭΪֻǷ󣬴Ŵ죬δϡԺ˯ȥȻо紵˽ƺǿˡ

лٷ˸űӸǹͷȴ˯šתȥϣ𣬿̹㡣
лסˡ

Ƕڴϣһؿ
лûҶɴ۾ҹ̫ڣ俴У׼ûͷǡ
ɽǺ

лٲҶҽСǺȻվ´߹
л£ǹ

ԽԽֱϴͷлپǹҪ°һ
׸硣

Ǻ㡣
תѸݵ˴
л˿һ亹

лŲϣֻۣ̽ڵϣǣվһһ׸硱ţ
˻ͷǣ

ôԵǣһôѱģ
Ƿ˼

ע⵽߹лϴ
ǰżȻ˵һ仰˾ǼҪõȴֵò룬ġ


лҹʧˣӶǺͷǡ
ڶһ˯ͣ˵㶫һ룬Զ˳裬೤

лűգɽ裬˻
ǰʱڼдһɽҳԹηǼҵСرϲɽ裬õɤ
ûĸɽûɽկûǸöá

һֻɫɹ
īıʼ䣬ֽο

˸Ůӣҡ
лٿֽϵˣպ˱죬ʹȥ

γԵٳ졣
Ϳˡ

ʲôأ
лһţ̧ۿˣûʲô

ʲô
лٳû壬Ͻֽӵһȥ

첲Ŵڵվţ˼Ϻɫӵǰлٲϵӣ⿴
׸ˣ
š
ûŰɡ
ûС
Ӻ𡣡㳯̧̧°ͣ

лٿձϼɫ޵Ĺӣûж
ûϴġ
лһСҧһڣʱüᶼ

⿪ģתˣȥһˣȥ
лٿıӰֽ̧Ӻݺݵ˳ȥкβ

ͷЦһƨһָһʰ㡣


磬Ķӹ棬лٻСˣָֻݡ
ԺӹץŷݣСкһͷܣɹݷ졣

Сֲ֧ôˣ
ٸߡ


⴫һȺӵĳ
ſڵ´Ƕͷһһͷǽȥ
ǣ
װһ׶񣬡ܽ
С῰ٵҵסСõǡ

ǰôͷ
ģɻ

Ǿȥһۣϳ
УϽߣٵҵϻˣ

ƭ˭أһͿȥɽˣ
߿߿߿ٳҪˡ

лʳΰôˣ
һСҪ
СеСϴл֣СŰɣ
л٣

˺һ£ô˵أСĴƨɵ
ǣŷ߹ķݡ

СϴͻȻסȣСѸٵس˽ܻҳӲСˣҴǣ
л˵Ҫͽɡ

ٵҵ˵
СûµģͷҸ˵

˵ɿڣаɡָȺӣܣ
ǳ

תۣлٱһȺΧţ㣬Ҳһɡ
ң
ҲҪ

һۿɰףϲĺܣȫӦðȥѹ߰ʼݡ
лСʱ򾭳սƻ裬ֻСǽһ죬˭ĸߣԶ

⼸ֻݽտͬɽկԴϴκֱлٱû
տǺ״磬ǸûвĲзϣ῱û ȥǸģӱ㻻ˣǸֵСӣǸƵˡ

֡
лȥǺտȥΪտҺ㣬㲻ڡ
ҲġտЦſΣλðɣ
ͦõġ

СΪ˸ҵĲװװֲŻЩģͻȻɢܡ
պãġ

տĬƬ̣Ц˵ղѾΪ˵ˣദĲ
ûУʵѡ

ô
ָĻԡ

ǾͺáտȺͯķݣ
š

Լģ
ԡ

һԵĺӲ죬㻭ˡ
ôտЦЦҵֽһˡ
Ժ棬տлٽݣ

һֱڡ
ֻԺӣǴɽ¾ƹݴģʮϵ꣬ζʮֲлٴû뵽߽Ϳտһ𻭻
ֻһˡ

ֶˣż߹ȥվˣˡ
лٿһۣǣͷտĻ

տ˵ˡ
ţôˣ
ѧ
è򡣡
л٣

տ˼Ǹ֡
㣺ˣҴֻͷġ
տԵȣ⻭ꡣ
лרĿһԡ

һưˣ
лͷҲ̧

֨
лװû

һ֧װʲô
лûѱʷźãԣء

ºˬˣԼһ˼ʫ黭⣬ʮְ䡣
˵ƽȥһסлٵΣֱӰ˸ߡ

лסΣֹԼȥɿ
С㡣տҲڣ㡣

Ҳװһ·קԼ䣬ѼһӣһŲڳϣ๣ԡ


ӣϽģԣ
Ҳ

Ҳԡ
Ҳԡ

ȣسȥˣŴͷϣ겻
лٹȥţвɣ





18.  18   

лٴ, ԼסǼ
ƺǸȷѵˣθɾһȾڰڼʰ, Ŵ
лٿ⹷һĴ, šţ¶ı, Ӷڴǣͷڴм䡣ôѴ˯ӵģˣ

лٿȥƵһߣһ
⺷, 

лתһȦֺ㻹ͦϲСڼġЩľƷ׾ĵϡŹֵ, ŵͦȤ
лûдκһ, صߣֻ

㻹֪ʲôʱ, ǽԸ񣬰˳ԼѼеһɶС
л̾, εضֲ𿪰װֽζһ㶼ԣǰЩӳ̫, ⡢Ѽ⡢⡢ţ⡢⡢⡭ڼⶼö, ޲ȥ·ٵҰԲźá

ε˸ҧһСڣͻȻۡ
ʲô˼ζ


㱻󵱼ҽȥԷֺ˲پ, ػ
лſ˯ˣͷĶֱſڿȥ

ӣŲͣһ£λƼ߹ϵļͷòóԣ
ˣˡлٻ塣

˻ֻļͷϣһ飺òóԣ
óԡлûзϣȷʵԵһɶȻǸ쵰ûҪʳȥҲǱ⣬翪ĵĳԺ˯

ģллҡ
л֣ллļҪȥˡ
ʲôȥ

ָ
㵹ڴϣлٵΣ뿪ȡ
лٲ

һۣᱧϡ
леˣֵؿڣͼ־룬

ٴε£߬·ȡ
лһȭͷҵѪĽȥȣص󣬡ȿ𣿡

ص㣬ûԷ𣿡Цˣ׸һֻˡ
лٺݺһƺѨЦһ

лٸӴȰСȣȰȣע⵽ĵ㴩ſɵĺɫӣһƽʱͬ͹ĸۡ
лٶ࿴ۣ⺷ʲô

̽̽Եػ㡭ٵҡ˯𡭡ˡ
ɿ˸

лûߣźǹ
Сسǹǹڶĺס
һǹȥҲĺ֪ɡ

лٽǹĬĬŲ´뿪䡣
˿Ҳɱ׿֮˵Ȼ˵㣬Ǳʲ
ҪˣǵñɽСϣƽƽúûţúñԼ


лٵ·ˣĶעףסһȹӣһۣװмףʽ³
ż·ϲɫÿãֵǮɡ̾ٵ㡣
лЦЦû˵

Ҫ𣿡
ð

ף
ԡлָȹӣɡ

㻻
á

㲢û˸ȹȴĺĳġ
ȹкʹʮҲ䣬ʽе֣ʽ׺ϸĿ°ſ뿪İȴе۵˼ϰżСġ

쿴п˿װŮϡ
ôš

⼸ҪҪԣ
ãӦöԴ

ܾòʲôȻ֣һ£ȥ֬



ԴлٸȺ˷ݣǾʱʱҪʱҪ֣ʱ̻лٵԼɽĽ

ԺհЩײǡΧԺǵĴûйȥ´ǣԶԶؿš

лϣ΢΢Ϊһָ紵ҶļϣƮڵء
İȹӡͷһ黨ҼϣĲͬʱǰϸݡ
ɽկôãס

㿴һһһһЦĪЦ
ĵͻȻһͷ
Զ⡣

лǸܵעƵģͻȻعͷĿײϡ
˸٬سһüңЦ߽ô֡

Ƿ׷׽С硣
ǵ˿ηɽ

лٵ͵ң
Цһ㻹͵ģ

Һÿ𣿡
㲻𣬿죬ʲôˣô졣
Сһ֧ں졣

㲢ǵС˭Ҳ˽ںǸʲôֻСģֺÿ
лٿı飬Цһ£ͷȥСҪò塣
ûдһԿš

лָٰһ飬תεߣôҲѧ
ң㱧ű۸һм㲻ҡ
лٲ֮Ҳϰˣ˿ϣðɣҲ䡣

û뵽ô˵ˣ飬дֻ
ƾʲô
Ҹ㹤Ǯ
٣
ҪٶЦˣҪɽկС

󵱼ң
ѹկ
㵱谡
㾾סӣҾδկʲôأ

лٴ֣˵޸㣬һ¡
ôҡ
ϲ
Ǻðɣ㣬ʲôʱߣ
վлټ֨˵ʱѽǡ
ЦŵͷС

˵Ǵ󵱼ҵٳ
ִʲô⣿
뻭͸ϾĴģˣҲ˼ġ
Ӧ͸Ұ
ҪҲԡ

룬һʮš
ʲô
ı˦˦ɡ
лٵͷð
Цŷ֣ȥ̰ɡ
š


лϵ˺òˣֻϵĻδȬЩǳʹ
ͣ죬ڰ಻סˣһлٽȥ
ûǼ

˰ѹǶɽ͸ľͷ˵ֵơ
лҹû˯ãͷ۵ĺܣ˯ô۾

ȥĲǴǰİгɽ
ɽ·ߣлϱȥͷЩΣԹҪԼȥôôߣҲۣαء
ͻȻͣԼվߣ
ɽģĶûУѵҪ

Ƶģ֦ãҲߡ
ǻͷŰɡ
ЦЦǰơ

˭湭.
.ʲôģ˼

˵һ顣

ˡ

ŲҰɽȥ
ðһؼҡ
𣿡
ҲҪȻŮ㡣

һһ쵽ĿĵءлһӣڿӱߣԼԶڵϣԶɽ

лٲԵؿſŸ
Ȱ
ʲô

ʲô
ܡ
лˣſźˣأ

㣿㶢ɽЦȻնˡ˵ţط˸һߣصĸ
лֳվѧſΡסȥ

Ҳˡ㱧űۿȳţ˶Զͻᱻ׷ϣҿɲ㡣
㣡лҸ֦˻ȥٲˣҲܣģضԸǺӦû̫⡣

ɽûлСʣҪȵʲôʱ򣿡
ˣҪ㳪裬һ
лٱȥһ仰˵

Ȼɽ
лĿתؿŶڣſһͷ޾ɵĺ˦˳
ã̫

һɣŶ
䰡ܿл٣˹ˡ

ȵȡ
ʲô
ԽԽ

лץְѣۿźԼԶι
һ̼ܵһͻȻѪڷس
л󵹣оζ췭ˣ㣡

˶ĺӰ˹𹭣ವĳ׼ĺ˵һܵף£ûϢ
лٻعؿź㣬ЦЦ
лٿˡ

߹ýߺܣܵ
湻˰ɣ

¼ˣ̼ɣ𣿡
ն̲̼ò档
ðҲõѧ
⻹򵥡

ᳰЦһѹӸԡ
лٽӹһƮƮ˳ȥڲԶĲݵϡ

ӳЦСҲܴǹ
лٲҪڶ֧ݸ

лʹ˾һˣȸղԶһס
㵧˵֣̾ôġ

лٷˣⶫҪ˹չվı˫۴籧סŹŵ㡣
ıϢ̫ůлٵĶ˸

ɵ˸ϵ񣬡Ž
ҪȥлͻȻ֣ƫˣɹ

Ҷʲô㿴Ĳ
ˡ
Ϊʲô
ɱɡбӦģͷܣĺúõģûʲôΪϷŪһ𣿡лüתӣһСıǼ䵽°ͣ
ϽתȥЩ̣ͻȻס°ͣתկиʧ˰£ǰ⸽ɱԵˡ
л΢

˵Ÿ˫ҲҪɱҪƤ͸ҵ档
źߵͼק֣ûܳɹ

㻵Цţõ
лٷ֣ؾ졣

Ĵָ촽ϣ졣
лٳûҧһڡ

û㣬ԼָȻݣл۵ɿڡ
صصһ£лŶͷί

Ҫˣ
лٰһۡ
һ°֪ͣΪʲôһرζ

лץһݾͳ˹ȥ
㵧˵ϵĲݣô󣬾Ҷôס
влתˡ

ιתŸݣյظͷߴˡ
Ǳ¡
㡣
ˤް
֨





19.  19   Ů

ȿһôת, һ֧Ա߿Ҳ
磬Ұ㰡
лû

һ仰¡
ڵ, ʰ, ͻȻоһˮں󾱡̧ɭɭ, ղһֱûעɫҪ꣬G´𣿡
лٻڹĵΡ

²£
¡ͷػһ, ͷ⧲һףŵһ¡
Цˣ㶶ʲô
л

ˣٲԼ⡣쿪˹Ƶ, , žžž͸϶Ǳиɽ, ȥ
лʵڳȥӣѽڵ, ͼվû߹סһ̣ƵĿ, һ, ȥ
лĴı
һԲ

лٴһ·ձɽĲϯϡ
ְڲϯϣ𣿡

, ѹ˹ſϣ㡣
лΪ˶󵹣ֱȥģԶ㡣

С۱ѹ§¸


㿴ҵСЦЦ߿ɣͣߡ

ɽŷľ㾭ɽҴܣŴľϻ𣬱Ҫȥ
лٽסȥ
ҵԵģһ

лٿʧڶڵˣ˿
һᣬЩӻ

ϳûԶлѾܶˣźݹɫСܳ𣿡
ܣж
лٻǽ˹ϴԼϴɣ

ûҧŹѱߡ
л˵Ҫġ

һۣҪ¸㣿
лתȥҧһеˮܺóԡ


ɽó࣬лٲӱҧ˸ӵһƬȫˡ
ͣץӣ׸ǵͷϣץһͲˡ

лٻץ
㰴ס֣ץˡ

ʲô棿ôô
ɫ

ôҧ㣿
Ƚ㡣Ц߿ɽһƬҶӻĲϣ

õû
šлٶĺǲϰߣܾڱʲôһ

Լţһͺˡ
á

ԱߣΪȥҶӣ·ʪ͸ˡ
ôãлעǲϲң

бۿͦϲ
лû뵽ֱӳϣһʱԶԡ

ѵôġ
Ҿһ
ͦо򡣡üˣ
ʮߡ

ģ
ʮһ£ʮһ

㻹Ҵء
н㡣

ЦˣСǡ
վſڣȻ˼ڣƺٻʲô
лֲĸоŶڡ

ȻһӰɿش˹
ӭ׸硣

׸ȫʪˣ˻ᣬл߹ȥ
׸磬صߣԹԡ

лٿǣôѱģ
㡣
մȺ
ݡĲӣңȸǰ;ˡ

лЦһ
̧Цʲô

б¡

лֳŵŲߣС׸Ĳӣ׸̧ͷӴ˴ָ
лû㣬ͷǰ䳣ɽżҲǺȴδôĽӴ
ҧ֣
ڣʲô¡
ƨ

л֪Լĵλ̰棬ԼһʱȤһǹһѵһֻ𲢲
ĵλͷǡ

лḧıȻʵ׸ҧկˣô죿
׸粻ҧˡ

أ
ǿ϶Ǹ˸˴

Ǹλߵأ
ô

Ụ𣿡
лס׸лٵ֣ɱң

лٲ𾪣ǸˣȻѾµˣƱûõģ롣
Ĭ

ɱңỤ𣿡
㳰ŪЦһΪɱô򵥣
ô֪

ٳٲߣΪɡ
лĬϣᱣ𣿡

ƾʲô㣿Ϊȥկ
կɱŰ޶ΥĹأúùܹܣֻæڿ񣬷
Ǹбˣֻˣֵܡկ˻øãμҼֵܳɱ˷Ż۲Ŵԣﲻ㣬мģԼ˲𣿡

Ҫ㻻ȥɿ֣ҿ㵹ԽԽˣĥɱˡ
ðһկ׵կá

ЦŴüģ.ˡ
лû㣬סָҴСɽﳤ󣬾鲻٣Ҷܶ飬ʫʸ踳һССɽկѡ߶ǲʶֵçȱһ֡εˣٷߡ

ͷе˼
ƽȥİɣӦġ
ȻЦˣҿû˵ٰ

ɽկ²ģúȣҾߡͷկСŻࡣ
лٶ㿪֣Ųһȥˡ


磬ͣˡ
ɢȥս

ɽ·ߣڶ˰죬·ϸһٻȥ
л˯ˣʱϸ·һĵݡ

ڶڣ׸翿ϣлٿãĪů
Ǹͨ˾ͺˡ

ͷĿ⣬ˡ
л

Ҳˣȥɡ
š

·ˮݶ࣬βߡ߹ᱧ
ô죿
á
Ŷ

㿴Цˡ
Цʲô
Цᡣ͵һߣлٱסĲӣˣСҰȥ

ꡣ


ԶԶģկֵǾͳ塣лٲţЩ˼

ٵҵģǴ
ϳȥڲŻٵҵľǻ棡
ƶģ챧Ų֡

Ըɽ
ȥ
ͷܣȥ
ˣٵң
ϻϽȥ
ϡ

կŵƽʣѾ˴ķΧлٿŵƯ
ǵƯ𣿡
ࡣлٿǲǸɽկ˶
Ҳ𣿡ЦЦҪơ

лٳĬ˼
ЩС˼ʱڷţһȥ
Ҳ뿴֣ԺóԵġ
뿴ֻǿң͸͸ԵһԹ


㽫ŵϣȻôȳȥˡ
ȥģ
վסţô᲻߰

˹ֳŴȥϴ裬һ𣿡
лټ§סð

Ƭ̣һȥɡ
лץͷҹȥסôϲͷԺˡͷˤ뿪

лٱ̾
ƻȫˡ


γٳǰһлڶɽǹһСֵܴҴҹٵҵģ󵱼ҵĽȥ
ɫҲˣǹлٻկӡ

ۿǻغԺӵ·лȥģ
쵽󣬳ǹףǹˣٸ㡣
Ҳȥ

㿴̻ԺǶȲá
뿴
뿴Ҳÿ


Ѿˣлٽţγ־ŴֿСӣð̧ȥ밡
лٸо˷Ŀ⣬СආӦöŵķˣҪôɷҪôͷϴ̣һһ
лһҲûк£кںͷ

塣
γ־Ǻ׶壬ɽҲǸŲСͷӡ

γ־ž̳ӳԷһ̳
壬ɱΪˡ

γ־Цºļ򣬿л٣Сǣ
л塣
ϣ죬𡣡γ־ĺ嶼гˣ͵񡣡˵ͳһѵݸл٣š

лٿ㡣
˵ðɡ

лٽ˹л塣
˵ǱѾͷģ
лټ룬ϽץסᣬҶҪ岻ˡ

γ־ִЦ§źļ磬Ů˴㲻

γԳŴ..̿ڻƤǣɡ
лٵԼλϣʲôԼУȥȾơ
š

ϵľƺˡ
лٰԷʱ۹ܣկڣûˡ
ҲǼ硣

ƹѲŮ˽
󵱼ҵģһվϣС͸ˣЦɣ
γɨȥģҪң

˵ģ󵱼ҵ䲻鵱꣬ʲô

һվϣžƿӣģûɫˣ۴󵱼ҵϲģùȥмǸëû롣
һЦ

СѾͷƬٵҵﻹࡣ
лҪ裬ֶһ¡

Ľٷˣɣ
лûлش𣬿㣬ûƵģںͱ˺Ⱦơ

Ļ
ٵҵģ
С㣡
裡

ת

٣ǵýŴӦָмѾͷ͸Ů˸㣬ҪҪ
ȵˣ˳ֿȥͷӦˣð

лٶͻȻµûš±ӣٿ
Ȼûö


ŮȥԺͷ̻ͷˣȫǴ̻¡
ӵľζ˵ζлסˣԼ뿪

߲ԶͻȻסͷ˺㡣
ɫ̻£ôˣ
ˡ
Ⱦˡ
лһ⻰ղҪ˸Ů˻ȥԼ壡

ȰɣԼȥ
̻ÿ
ѿ
Ĭ˻ᣬɿ֣㣬˯ͻȥ

һ·ϣл侲Ů˹Լʲô£ȥһٸ
ԺۻȥȾˣлԼԺӣɲɿں㷿ſڵŮ

ŮҲ˶һлŲĿ⣬ȥ
Ůٷˡ
лͷҲأҲˡ

Ů첽ȥߵߣЦʣҲǱ𣿡
š

Ҳǡ
лٿЦܸ˵ӡ
ȻˣΪҪ޸Ǹͷӣ˭֪ˣ͵ˡ
лЦһ

ҾͦõģҼԲϣ˵ҳúһ㣬Ҳֻܼ޸СŻͲһˡ
л˵ѣûˡ
ٵҵĲһɽµʱ˵ţ˵üһȴ˵еĻÿû뵽֮꾹Ⱥͷϡ
Խ˵Խˣлټֱò˼飬㿪ľͺá

ôˣ㡭վ𣿡
˵ˣȥɣҽˡ

֪ٵҵʲôʱ𣿡
֪

Ůлٺͷҽأ
֨

֨䵽ϣȥɡ
á

񲢲ľܾٽݣⷿ䲻G֪ҵķʲô
񵽴˵㲻ٷˣʲôϵ㴲𣿡ȣҲ㴲𣿡
ҪϢˡ

ô˯Űɡϣıӣٵܴȥ϶һ㡣
ҸһϵûУҪϵǹӡȥɣҪϢˡ

죬Ǻðɡ
лĿ뿪ߵſֻͷȻ˵ûϵܾҪٷඡ


ӻ֣
лٿ뿪ͻȻһӻ
Щʲôˣ


ŻлͷĽŲȥ˯ţôɶ
ѵӦùԼ

ҲǣĻ˵ǲԼ





20.  20   

ڶ, лٵķš
лٲӦֱŽƿıӣô˯

лŭ, һٺ, Ʊ˱ӣ޳ܡûò
㿴ģ, ôˣ
Ҫ˯űӱȥȥ

ߣлͷŲŲǽ, 쳤ִ˴ıG
лӽԼס

ˣ˯ˣô˯ţ
лٲ֨, Ҳ

ɽµˣ, Ϸӡִһ׼·, Ư
лЦһ㲻˵Ҫҹﲻųŵ㲻°

, ҵҪܲƤӵ¡
Ҳȥȥɡ

˭
װʲôɵ

㻰ء
ѽ, ˼ɰ, ر㡣

˭
װлתһ䣬쵰

Ҹһ˻.ҩһʲôˣȻԼŮ, ЦתԴˣ
лƿ˭ԴףЦ

ϻҵСӣӸˣǶٷˣ㵱ˣ
лץͷɴѾûͷˣóպγ־͸Լĵ㷭´վԶôףɽµܳԵ𣿡

ʲô¡
Ҳεס㣬СŰɡ

㻹Ҫţ
࣬ʮͺá

лٽסַϣԽ˵Խ˲ңѵ£̵Լ
лһá

мкӣʱ㡣ǸѾߣ£̸
л̧ۿ͸𣿡ͣһ£ţûк

㶮˼䡣
лٵؿһ˲ͨˡ

ʲô̲ҡ˵ֲ꣬һ䣬ˣòŸңƢ˼Сܵġ


㳯߹ͻȻл㣬ע⣬ĵˡ
Ƕҵġ

еͦ˳㱳ִչôϲҽУʲôʱһе
лһ߿

㸧Ŷӣǿˡ
ҡ

תת
ġ

ŵɵسȥˣϽϴƯ·Ӷˡ


ߣ챧·ٵҿĵģ춼ֵˡߵߣҿǸѾͷˣ˵ҪٵҵСţǰ˳檣ҵҵֳû˶

˵Ѿͷһҹſ˯ˣٵͷȾƽŻҪ֧㣬ЦˡлٳϦദģģٵҲģŮûô˼ҲţòӶ㣬ҲƵĻҲůġ
Ȣٶҵ¡лӲţȴĪ泩ߣҸûϵ

ǻ뿪ɽկɣ
š

Ȱ㣬ɽҲ˵˺żҰŮû֮պҪġҸĵˣٵҡ
лټæͣҡǡ

ʲôƬ̣Ǹٵҵû㣿
лپϷ̣˵ͷ

Цǰ󷭡
лٿ޴죬ˣЦˡʲôЦġ

סļ磬Цһҹ˵
š

ٵѪյģӦ
ûǸ

ҪҪ㼸֮õģ²Ĵ
лƿòá

ߵģѹǶϷµСҿŶ
лΣ˵

Ĵȣվúúã˵˲˵ˣǻ·ֵĺܡ

˶𣿡
ˡ

կҲˣ
絽ˣһᶼϯˡ

۾Ƿ죬֨ٵҲҪңҸ㣬ٷûϷˣԺɲҪ۸Ұ
ЦſƢܺõġ

л鲻ɰлֱ˵ʲôĻˣ޵⣬˯𣿡
ؿӣǰɰˣ֪ˣۡ

ɡ
лΣһ䣬ҪҰæ𣿡
ãȥˮҰ㽻첻л٣Ĵ󣬡ҾͲˣѾͷҪúչ
İɡЦȻʵˣһֱԺſǸ˭
῰лߡ

ȥˣȢûֵܽãĸ𣿡


ͷ죬˺˻
ȥһ·üɫ裬лǸŤ;ʮʹ졣

ſڼˣеڰĲеںȾƻȭеΧŹﶯֶš
Ǽ׷ͣк

Ѿˣγ־ſھƣһ˹չȥʣСϱأ


˯أ
ѡ

˵õ岻顣
Ů˼Һʲôƣȡ
γ־ԱߵֵܣƼûû׶ˡ

㻹ûüƱԶɫصƫ
ɫԣʲô𣿡
ղϽң˵ϳˣˡ

ô£
岻ȥͱȥˣ˶࣬ǺȾơ
һȥɡ
ãʲô֪ͨ㡣
Ͼıˡ


ұγף٣Ʋֵ뿪ߵկſڣǣĺԶ
ǰιȥϺ㿴ûԼһۡȥµûţ硣
ȥңôˣ

ûʲôҪ˵𣿡
ûС

ԶЦң飬Ȼ˵
Сǰ˵һŮˣ㻹ˡ
ÿ

ˣǰ㲻ġ
㲻ֱӼˡ

磡
㣡


лٸϴ꣬׼ȥ
ſڵĳס

ȥϷ
֪ͨٵҵԺȥ


һЦ⣬Ŀŵشųΰ῱ûڣתȥԶϷˣˣǴˣٵģ˵㳪
лû취ֲܳȥֻûԺ

Ϸټ£һ䶼ûȥԱߵ񿴵Ľζֻ̧ѧǵ
ҲһԿţĴս죬ÿ춼
š
𣿡
ۡ
İɣ
á


ͷһ졣
Ժſڣ

ֳǹųΰÿ
£ȴҷУδС㣬ҪҲȥٵҲû취

ÿҲ㶯֡
С㣬ĲУȥɡ
òã
á

űӴӶߵ棬պñҿ󺰣ҹ
Ե߹ң

͸Ůˣ
ǰ

ҴȻ̧Ҫš˦Ͻ㵽󣬡˭ֶŵģ³
Ώס񣬡С㣬ΪңԺˣһܶ

Һۣ⳯ͷ𣺡ҿܶ㵽ʲôʱ򣡡

лд֣ʼסīֽγһƬڡ
ˡ






21.  21   ɱ

ҳˡ
Ὼܱ, ֪Ȱ裬Ů˳̫ͷˡ

֪Լ˭ν֪η, һһĸϻеұס
ĸϻ, ɽĺƨ, ƨɶÿʲôӿˣŮĸ˻ϲ
ϣϻжء
ֻɫҲι, 󣡡
ĵģģ·㴩̣ˣ

ҿڿҪ񣬿ֵصޣ, ºԼ衣

ٵҵס, һԣСɷ, ˰ɣб½
ĸϻĸϻĸϻϽ, Ⱝˡ

̲ˣֶžǹ
ͷ㵽󣬡ǹ, ֶ, ǹò˰ɣѧ˴ǹĸϻ

㡪ͷᣬ˵һ仰, ô󣬻δ˳ܣûôұ㡣
ǹټӼֲȣɵĶ˹ȥ

ų׷Ҫס
лٻγˣδС㡣

ȥŲͣסһŻֱͷֱӵկӣϣûءұ֣Ц治
ĸĺܡ

ƫͷĺ󾱣ϱ޺ѾȫˣԼģ˵İ̺ۡ
뵽ǳªİ̺ۣҸӷŭ

ͷ̽ңϧ㲻˽㻹ذɡ
ơ

лƽؿϧˣ磬ѧ˾ҧ
˵һ飡̧ǹ

῵ǰͷС㣬嶯ǻȥɡ
Ҳûû˻ӭ㣬֪ܵˣ춼ߣûôҪġ

лһ£øƽϣǻطɡ
һۣޣҪ

Ҽ뿪Ķţվס
Ҫ׷ȥԱסС㣬治ܽ

һ˦ϣŹ
ῳĬסˡ

һɣҺһ޷ȥ


лٻط䣬һ·ȣǸӣЦˣҳܣǴ峳ܾû
лû˵ʲô

˷䡣
лٵеۣ˯ᣬҲ
ðɡ

ųȥ߹ıӭȥЦʣˣ
ϺȻһӡüǳ壬۵ؿˣ
š

û
ûش̾Ժ˵䡣

Ϊʲô
կС㣬ֶκܶģŮģﲻ֪жҲǰʱٵҸսѵز㣬Щʮˡ
СôҲŲ

֮ҵģԺ󿴼Զ㡣
ҾͲҼһһΡ

̣ͱˣһΣһĴûסҶꡣ
죬Ǻðɡ

֨أ
˵ˣ˯ˡ


ҲկһӣȻկȥ
̫࣬ɽƥ˩ɽȥҪһƧ·һһ˺ۡ
ǹδȬָû֪ʣһ¶۵Ҫ

ŮˣôŪ㡣
ҳǳ
..ӣҵš

OO@@
һͷȥڰֿһˡ
ǣιǣι

Ȼ˴ﻹ̣һͷһǰ
ˡ
ȥ

ʱУֻһƬӡ
կֺϤ֪˴ƫƧ˼ϣֽűס촽ϣ˲ûеԵ鲼
һƤ⣬ѪֻŲʹƺߡ

㲻۾ʹ
ҷߺ޵ض

лڵϣϵࡣ
û뵽ɣ׵㡣ЦЦøл˸ΣΣկĵαһ˲ңлҵˣȻҲ֪˶࣬ǵ˩ط

лٿɴ˫ʲôѧԼ˵Ļôңӿ

һŻ²ſˮ
лζòã

лٽŸ߱裬̧֣ӷȡ룬վ
𾪵ؿ

л֪˵ʲô
ҵ·ˣθͬѣǷɾ衣ߵץסָ֣˵˵ҵ°ɡ
۵غߣֽ̳Ѫָۣĵл˫ֱ֮˳

ҴСûۣүүɽܣ˼ңýҰӣɽãǽÿһ
ֱ

лЦָʳָһҵȥϺ˺ܶɿöָüҴûԹ⣬ر볢ÿ˶ʮ飬ƫƫûС
øһ飬ҵڶǵǸζģġлˣЩһֱﰲοԼҺû飬ֻͬһ׶ѡ³֪òǲ̫ˡ
ǿɿһҾܻõȻʼ룬̣ӣʱӣʬ屻Ұ޳Եӡ

ǲҴǹ浶ϧˣǹˡлվߵǰ£˼ʮɱİ취ɸղ˼˺ܾãҷ²֣ûɱ
̧̧ҵҰԵɡ

ƴҡͷ
ҲްлٲᣬҾҲޣ֮ǰڼϣˤͷޣ޵ķˡɱʱû

лٽϿ˿ϲ𣿡
֪֪һһɽץҰҰãǹϲǹ͸ңұסʱˡ

ûôӴİӣҲ鰮Ƚ˽˵ǲϲң
ҵͷ

ô
лȡ룬ǰ
ŵñۡ

лٰǿ۾Ҿֵؿ
ˣ


ʧһһҹ֪Ժӣݺݵ˹
ɰѳΪˣſڣӲûý

ߺ󣬳һƨڵϣѾʪˡ
һģǵðԼ

ҹл˯ţнŲ
һۣͿɷ˹סԼĲӡ

ǳ˲ע͵ġ
лٶȭߣһ˦ϣͷԷ衣

ҵȥˣ
Ҳ֪

ֻҹ㣬˵ʲô
֪

оζأӦֻС˼˵˵
лҡͷ

סĲӣˮ..ӣǶһУͶˣúǳСΪ㼸˺ңҪֱ£ҲᱻȥǸա
л֣ӡѪ

ɧӣ٣һƴûռأͷõ񽬺˺лٵ죬ӽǵʲôζôǸСԵת
лٱյ˵ѵ³֣ᡭŹ㡣
ɽļԼˣҵҪСܲΪ˸Ƕһ£.Цţ˿գɱƯˡ

лٿϢˣûȵŴ⿩
̫ˡ

죬Ҫ¿ӣлٿſڣҡ
ͷȥ

лһֻ֣Ѹٵشܵ.-.ı
쵽Ҫᵶл߿ﵽϣҪһУ⴩͸ͷ­

û͸
лţûɱģ㻰̫ˣ̫񡣡
γĺȥɡ

æлϣѪ
ŵվȥϵѪڷ¡

ŵſڡ
лٳ߹ȥأ
Żع񣬸Ͻţ̽ıϢûˣˡ

أ
կˣô죿῱ͷ֪תô죿ô죿ٵұ㣡ɱկ϶Ź㣡Уȶһе˵߻Űңע⵽лپվţ㡭Ⱥˣ
лԴտգľľصͷ

ˣûʱͷܶկңܿͻᱻ֡ῴ򿪹˼·Ӹ·ȴߡ
лٰԼɾϸɾ·ῳȥ


㣬ԺƺлٵӰΪˣȥлٷſẰ֨
ûӦ

ŹǷˣǰû紵Ŀ죬˳ֽϣŵʲôֵζ
űӣƿֻۣϱӹһ顣
֨


Ϊгΰһ·
лɽɽ·ڣῴֵлٻɱ˵Ըܹɽˣȴûһ˿ġ

ҪԼȥ
ȥҺ


վס
洫ǹӵлȥ

ͷлٺȥס˳··ߵģһֱ¾ܿƹ⣬Źȥܵһ󣬵˴ȥٵңû
á
ȥ䣬ῼ·ȥ

ҵǳû׷ˡлٶ·β죬ܿ챻׷ϡկˣǽлѹص
컨˼󣬲Żлٱ˺üӣſڵϣűߣĶ

۵ᣬô£㡭һҡĵӣô죡
лһԵģûջػ

ιˮҭţȵ㡣
лٳ꣬㻹û
ûء

ȥòã
ҡҶ֪ġ

ˡлס֣Ⱦҡ
һ߲һߵͷҵҵȥҡ
лɿ֣Զƣҵǡ


ߺ󲻾ãˣһٶʡ
˵أ
˵
ȥˣ

˵ֻҪס죬ǾʱԼ

˵˵˵˵
һŲͷϡ
лҧץŵʪĵݣӲš





֮ǰҵҡ
ãûҰ޹ڣֻ˻ȥˡ

կС¡
ֲڣû˱

կֹҪ󵱼ҵͬˣⲻǺһŮ˶ѡ
лٱľ׮ϣ׼աµڣ뵽лӭ;ɱĺãɱֵȻ˻Ҫġ

лٿΧˣկģǳʯͷͣź޲ý٣һƬƬԽȥ
ˣȴڴ󵱼ҵԱߣ޺ۣ˸ҪͻȻ˵һ¡
ֵͣ¡

ǻṴҰˣһʣֵ͡
կֵǾֽкãһҪ֡



һ˫ָ䵽лٵڣȥ˵֣סٵҵˣ
ҽȫǾˣѵվҹ
У῿γԣ󵱼ҵģٵһģ

γԳ̣۵ôСˣ档
ٸڡ

Ώлǰֺ㻹ǸҪһ𣿡
󵱼ҵģٵһٴðɡ

γԲѬƵ硣

ΰϽҪկΪ𣿡
Ȼһգ

תл٣ҿܻסˡ
лٴԴ̧ͷ

֪ƢҪˣֳָʲôҪȡ󵱼ң
կĵֱȥ̧

ſ󵱼ң֪ٵϲգա
ԶһĹѾ̧ĲӰ

ŻѽľȼȵĻŨ̴ܽӣ˲ܺ
ǻڽĿ񻶻Ҫ

лٰۣŻԼƽ
ȥ֮ǰүү˵ҪԼ˵ףеĻǸѧءүү˵㲻壬Ҳûд󸻴ǺȴΪʵĻ˼Ժܲ˿ࡣ

ûЩˣû°ɽͻصң˵ѾԶˡ
Ǹ˽ʲôţ
лһʱ벻ˡ
Ѧ

۾
֪ǸʲôˣΣ

ǰ㡭

ǣԺиò
ǰ㣬ǲġ
ϧˡ


ٵҵģ
С㣡
˽֡

ȵۣͻȻһ˹Ϥζǰ
ѣ

Ŭءѵۣµĺѥ
μ棬ʹ˫ѥоԼ

ʱЬߵѪԼӾһ
ȴû뵽Ǹˡ

֨
֨

°̧ͣ
ϡϻմ̼ңӳܵĻ棬˷ŭ

㻹ҪҾ㼸Σ





22.  22   

лۿʪ, ־ĴУˡ

γԼڵվ, ̶ȥ, Ÿʲô𰡣

лֽŽԱľ׮ϣõһ, ɰֱӵĻ
һξãŨŨú̿ζš

կֵǽˮһͰһͰϵ
Ҽ, ȳȹ˭ˣͣ£

һ˵һǹҳлٴȥ

лٽϵӻδڵ, ǹ, ӵ߲
ҵһǹƫˣְǹ, סֶл٣ϺȻվ, һǹ

ӵкҸ
ӽҰڵϣȻ˲ϵʹ, ſ, ſɱ

˻𣬺ˮĿ죬˲ء
ͬկ˶ˣû뵽ٵҾȻֱȥŮ, ٿһģһʱԲ

㱧лиҪĺܷ
漴˶Ⱥ壬
ɱǴ󵱼ҵġ
ɱ˳

γվڴÿڽ㣡Сӣ
ûƵģлֱԼԺȥ

һӰţ󺰣磡
ͻȻͣתҡ

ӣſ
֡

վҡҡλε㣬˵磬ҵˡ
֪

㻹ҿȥᣬʶʮ꣬Ͳ⼸֪ģôϲ㣬ɱҵҵ
㸹ĵѪлͦţ·һ¶ûС

ǿȥģһֱǰװСװȡͬ飬㣬Ϊ˱ңʵı˭ڣͺˣһֱƭ㣡̧֣㿴ϵˣ󱻾ĥѪģڽѪĥң̽ҵָҵֽȫˣҰ󣬲űֵҵ

û˵
ίؿ磿

Բ𡣡Ӷ۵û֪ˣȴûйһдȣɱ˲ԣһӵòһǹ

ôţΪʲô۾ˣҲˡɱңҲΪֹ𣿡
Ĭˡ

оĮȴǰҪ䣬ʲôõģϲΪƯ𣿡ǰһƯôֲ࣬ûΪʲôƫƫôãǹڵźԴứ䣬ΪҲɱ㣿

Ӽ״ǹҡ
ʾ¡

лٱۣؿںǰץץ·
㴹ۣرסˡ

ҿЩСЦһʹ޵صź㣬㣬Һ㡣
棬Цˣջû֣ôϧҾףúףһһ㣡


ʬ屻կˣлٴϻŴƬѪԼ䣬շŵϣѾҽ
ҽ¼һɿãأƤˣȰ㴦ˡ
á࣬һŪ
ҽΣŵ˿ڣʧѪˡ
š

ҽлٷ˿ڣҩɴͬԼ
ȷʵأ˺һ˺޺ۣײ࣬û˵ͷڸǺ㣬˵ˣСȻһ顣

ڸлҩҽȥ˱ķ䡣
ҽȡӵһϸշ飬һһ飬Ǳկ˴ġ

˰ϣҽٸˣյĲأǵˡ
үʲô̡㿴Լȣû£û
ˣҩǵĨ
š鲻ãûȫþվҩΰͷٸӡ
῵ͷ

һ¡ҽڵϲúߣˣúš
š


ոлĨҩ·ͽˡɫѿˣʼյͷû֨

ȥ
G

ߣ
лſڴϣһͷҽô˵

Ҿôһᣬô಻ס
лٳĬƬ̣˵ллϻҡ

·ˣ
š

ʲôʱߵģ
.ϣѾվˡ

ǰһȭϣò豭Ҳ㵽׻˶£
л⧲һͷڴϣźŭɶģЩ顣

˵
ûʲô˵ġĬĬͷ

ֻһ䣬ôãľֻң˶٣ûһĸ飿
ɽлٴۣ𣿡

ȻվϵıǽˤԶ뿪⡣
лٳĬ

ȭͷ壬·һҪȥ顣Ϊ޴ĶٴγѪȾһƬסת뿪

ϲ
ͣ½Ų

ϲ㡣
߻һסĲӣڻƭңҵɵӣǾҰ㰮㵽زѣɱˣң㻹ʲôŻɽһɱˣ
лס֣ǵġ

ޣӷŭ㲻ȥϷǿϧˣޣʹޣҿܼ
ȴûлٵỬϣ滰

öͷͻͻۣǣ̫Ҫˡ
еۣĹɿ֣תҪߡ

ûлٱס
ָպ˿ϣü֣뿪

˵һ
ͷȥлٹڵϣʶȥҪڵ˯Ժ󶼲Ҫϴˣҡ
лٺȻ§סĲӣǡ

סˡ
ԴһƬհףҪĻô˵

лɿᣬϲ㣬ġ
룬㲻ˣһ޸㡣

ĿʱݵؿȻϣѹȥ˵滰Ǽٻ˯ܾˡ
лûзſ֣˯ɡ

ٵЦģĶͷ׵촽ǵӿļֶûϴĻ֮»Һڵӡǡ
ǵúɬлٲµҲû׹ŮӣȻҲҧԼôۡӲܵԼڣְǿ·

ȵϢӣлüץ˴
̧ۿϺ𣿡
лҧҡҡͷ

㿴һˣЩĲ̣Ķ䣬ͣ¶һ˯
лپԼ͸ˣ㿪Ŀ⣬˵ͷ

ɵԱߣлٺߵתȥӱסļ
лپûʹůĻˣָָĦŴϵġ
ǻôң
ҵ£㲻õġ

ǻΪɣ
ҰЦ

šлͻȻԼͷֳŴ
ʲôأ
ͷ

ҵˣ
ƿѹͷһҧȥ

Ҫʲô
л㣬˺˿ڣüȴǲԣһͷһûԶ

ͷóõġ
ͺܺá

ԣЦۡ
лٳͷƽſԼŲµѪϡȥƿ·Ÿĺɴ۰ɣ
ۡ

ע۾Ȼ´
лٴæȥ
ȥķ䡣

ôˣ
̲סͷˡ

лҧЦˡ
㿴飬ӳܲסת뿪š

лٲɻȥ˺˿ڣ۵һͷ
ҶˣĴϣܵΧϤϢ

ղŲ͡
촽ƺζ

кȻ࣬Ȼۣ
סӣסԴԼá



ԺΧ˼ȦկˣТʬ̧ԺſڣһҪɱлΪ
ǲͣغ
ٵңӣǻʲôؿԣԺ˭ŷ㡣
׶ûɣ㲻ǵˣΪôõǺģԵ𣿶Եɽկ
ǸŮˣŸΪУ
δ󵱼Ҵ㲻


̫ˣԺ޷ߡ
ĵлٷ֣ںöˡ
лл㡣
㵽£Ĳӣôл
ֻҪģ㾡ᡣ

Ҫ˯㡣ֲص졣
лٰס֣קء

㸩Ҫʮ顣
ҡûС

ҳʮȢ㣬ô
лٳĬ

ֵô
ֵ
Ц°֪֮ͣͦ


ŵؽˣǰ̫ˣͲŽˡ
ֱˣҲ͸ͷҽ
ϴǶТˣֽĵǡ

ûл٣ʲô
ԡ

ûжԣ˵
ࡣ

˵⡣
л˵˸

˵ȥѴ
á

ȥˣԾشš
ֻ

һֱô죿
ôҰ㽻ȥ
ţ£㲻ġ

Ϊʲô
ϲҡ

ЦЦȥ˱ȣΪϲҾ͵û㣬ȥҵֵǣҲǵĺˣ𰡡
ϴҵʱѾˡлҪǿ.ңɱֻǳұˣԳһǶʡ

ҪңִչӲҵˣҵʲôˣ


޸ң
˭޸㡣

Լ˵ġ
˵㲻ˣҿԿһ¡

ôˣ
лٿҲϲˡ

˭˵ϲţ˵顣
лٽƱ磬ţˡ
סıӣӲ
лЦƿ֡

ﱧɵԱߣţͰ°ˡ
лٲȷЦĻ˼⡣
޸Զɽկϱ
Ȼկ˻ǲġ

ҪˣѲڣҲס㡣ѵõͣŵƣ룬ȥˣ˵㲻կˣ޸ң˺μãҵ֣û˸Ҷ㡣
лٿĲճ
ȥǿЦ

ͻȻۣлٸϽƿۣͻȻ
ʲô׶ˣ˯ˡ


лסӸסҵÿǿǡ
űƨɣǣҵ㣬ҿܿǵʲôʱ򡣡
ۡ
һ£װ



ϣկڼͷˣ˶ŲýҪΧǽȥ
ƺƴҵøʴͷײǽѳῼ˳ɢ

ʵһ˽ȥţ˫֣˳
ǹָԴ˳


˭ĵӳ
ʳһͷ

¡ͷ
±գ





23.  23   ʯ

, һƨɵȥֳŵŲⶪ˻ĹӣЦһ, ǹ, һְĿ, ζ磬Ц氡
ˣ߶һ, С㣬һŮˣȰһ䣬źôֵܵġ

㵭ȻɨӹȥΧԺһȺ, Ƿǵñҽ˰
ɱ˳, 쾭塣Ⱥһ˵

㳯ȥʲôû, ˵һ顣
˱㿴Ļţظһ飺ɱ˳

㹴ָ, 
ԥûǰ
ûģֱ, , Ҫȥ룿

˽ŵغ󱳳ڲѣ֪Ͳö졣ٲά裬ǰһ
ʲôͷ, ʲôֲ㡣


ɱ𣿡
ɱ


һ

ôվⴭô
ˣе˵ǲһ

ôһ
ɱǴ󵱼ңɱĶǼ

Цˣ˵ʲôм
ЩֵǮġ
ҿҲǼԴҿһǹ

˲˵ˣʽ󣬡С㣬Щû˼ˡ
ôû˼ҿͦ˼תǹͣ£УԶģɱ˳ɱ˼ãСӣô㣿ÿӵ㻰ء
һ𣬿ڽµӵ˰أ֪

ҲǲС
۾һ

ϲȹȥԭȥұſ򣬽Ųſŵס˭
û
û˸Ҷ

֮ʣˣǺγ׽ˣկկկмּɵ
忴կһТˣȰ˵ȥɣ󵱼ҵ˵дһһҪˡ
Уܾôˣ˵η䣬Զһ

կ˶ʱ棬嶼ֱͦࡣ
ηǰϲ̣ĿҴ磡㣬ڰ˽Ǽ̡

壬㲻һȥеţҹ.ǽԺҪ۸ŮˣˣҪڣƤĵؿǰӶιǣιٶӵɽ߳޼Ӳ͡

ηִ㡪
ôˣɵЦЦתǹ棬˵կϲŮˣҪǾŮ˿ĻСֶ죬Сֶ˶࣬ġ߰ҲУɨصҹҹį

㡭治
ҾǴ治վη䣬κһŮˣ˭ҶɱҲ֪˵
˸Ҷ

˭վ
˳ͷ

η䣬ңȻذɡ
η֪ڴ˽Ҳֲɴһ뿪ȥټƣȻ󵱼ҵķˣСǾ͵Ϣߡ
΢Цߡ

˶ˣ˺һָۣҡҡͷ㰡
㰴֣ͷһˣȥ

ˡ·ƣû°ɡ
ƿ֣Сˡ

ⲻҪġ峯Ժ￴һۣ㰡һǸӡˣȥЪŰɣһȥˡ
G塣סȥҵһҳɸס

ףСԴҲջˣѱס
ȥһҪүүˡ

סˣβźɵһ䣬ļٵģ
֣¡

廹ǲţСִʲôأ
߰㡣ƣСŵ㣬ˤȡ
ƣҪҡ
ˣӡ
ˡ


ڶһ磬ʹһİĴˡ
һЦݴ󿪣ϲٵҵҪˡ

ץס򣬡ûɣ
ң
š˺첲һƣаСӡϴ˵ˣԶȥ·ϻźˣúտ

лٰ˼⡣
ʲô

˶ˣлٲʲô
ϣָָĶӡ

л㶵ؿԼ
ɵ𣿡㵯ţƭƭҵѡ

ҽͨõģ
Ҳʶ

ôѣ
ֻ˵

ʲô
˼˭ģ˭˵ңԺɽɽ¶ûû졣㿿ҪӼһ

лƿ˻ûãۡ
Уҵţҿ㻹ۼ졣


ТںγԺǰλԲȹһ졣

γԲ棬ò˵
Ҫվ
󵱼Ѿ˵ˣȻȥ¶һ

ʣպպʲôʱ򣿡
˵֮δ󵱼Ϊ

еںͷΪʲôδ󵱼Ŀ
ԣĿ
󵱼Ҹ˵

ޱعţһԲ
̾˿СѾͷٵҵĺӣ󵱼˵ˣȺ˱׼ǡ
𾪵

ļ磬Ȼȥɡ
кˣ
ٰȰն̥ûߣӱסˡڻ˺μҵ֣˵ٵңǴ󵱼Ҳǰ˴ߵġ
һôҲ£󵱼ҵ˵㻰ʱˣôá

˵ʮ»̥ʱ򶼶ˣ˭֪᲻ʲôʣ
ǣôƫ̻
ûһ

忴˵ˣҪȥԼһ£
˱졣

˼Ƭ̣λվﺰʮºҪˣ󵱼˵㻰

ʲߣôŹƭˣ㻳ˣӻܱס
ҶݺݵؿȻţȥӣ٣ڷŲˣ
ҡ

С˿ڣկȻֲȥһկˡ


ԺγԻڳ̡
ˡ

γЦˣΪţҸ̨¶ѡ
Ҳţ

γؿʯͷģѾͷô򣬾ʯͷҲඡ
Цٵҵ֣Ҳǲܡ

С֜һӹӣŮûѻӡγЦҪŪӣҿɵЦˡ

Ǽºô죿ӲͷȻҪ˰
ɽܰŲɣ

ٵǡ
ߡγȥɣ˵


կ˳ˣԺⱻɨɾտԸν
лٷţһ˱ʣ֨أ

һؼտǰŹˣųʣΣ붨Ǻĸ硣ǣźտȥ˺㷿䡣
սţտͿϿľͷлٿڴ߿顣
»ޡ

硣̧ͷһۡ
лҲ硣
ͷЦſ˭дˣ


첻ˣտлٴߣ𣿡
õúܡ֮ǰش𣬡ڵģˡ

棬ڿʲôأ
֪񣬴ʱ䡣㴵˴ľͷȥƿ
ҽ˵㲻ܺȾƣѾѾȫˡ

¶ࡣϳȥϺŤͷл٣𣿡
ͷ

ЦŻͷ
ҪԺӣ

⻹Цſȥɡ
ĵˡ

лٿĸµ飬ȫӢģлٲϵãֻܿͼ
㳰ЦֿҪܲܣ

˵úܿһ
GһܡרĵľͷмЦһΪ飬ҿɾͨԡ
տЦſҫܵܣС츳ãǰĸ׽һѧ

леӡǵĸǱɽģǸѧĸС㣬ôһ룬ֵҲ֡

տߣ˵еˣˣ
ֲǵһУСˡ

𲻵£ҪעϢŪЩС⣬
˼ռҵĴأһ¶ۣĸϴϢ

лٱȥ
տϸźĶ̵ʲô
㿴

л١ۡЦ
ˣҪȥѵЦһ
л鵲ס죬ʾҴˡ

û˻
ôˣСһ տģһ㣬𶯵ˡ
֪

տһᣬҪߡ
³Է
ˣҾû¾ͺá
㡣
š

ʣ
л͵һۣϺ񱳺һ͵Ҹʲô

һ

ҡ
ˡǲˣ

ˣ˲ľߣ
лٴã

㵯һԹϱ


лͷʲô
㰴֣һڱԼĵطĸ

лʲô𣿡
˿ĸİ



Զǣϴκռ
⿴ǰװлپеˮ

ÿӰӹͷһлٳԡ
ԶһԲͣسЦˣżͷ¡

޵һ룬ԶҪȥ̸¡
㲻ϣ˵ɵ
л٣

ԶεЦˣӣһ˺õķʽ۸Ϊϲѹῴһۣԣ۸ԽԽϲ
ЦĬϣͷ²ס졣

ԶЦˣ˵¡
š

ϴǸСձҡ
ЦһǵӴһٲܰȡ

ýҪ֣ŮʳûϢ
ί֡

Ӹһᣬ¡
Ӹ˵ؽסſ

Զ˵ؽ˼ʮǼҪӲƵġ
ˡ

Ӳԣ˵ʲôأ
Զͣо̸ú¡

Ӷʱ˼ᣬڵվյĻ
𼤶¡㵭ͷлԱĬĬԣ˵

Сձ𲻾ռйǵúǵˣձˡ㳯лüӾը˿Ҳǡ
ӳԲȥˣһԲƲֵسȥ

Ҳ̫ãÿʹ¼⣬ֱңӲƤ

лЦһ
Цʲô
ЦһҪ˵ı顣
ϲ𣿡
лٲ

Զȥˣһأܲչһⵥ

лٺȻʣӸղôˣ
㲻

Զ˵ĵܵܣǰȥϱݣձˡ
ʱ򣿡
š

лٸպ֪£ϴȥ˵ǰձԱĽڳϣͼֹ---ɱ˺ܶй޹գֶμȲ̡

˿ӣְӸлˣԼȥ
˳ȥ

Զ̾ᣬҲСˡ
ס





24.  24   ¼仨

Զɽկҹ, 컹ûȥˣһ߾һ졣
ǰ, רƵ, лЩ

կѾҹˡ
ûҽݣ³, ǰѸſڱȥķ˯

ڶһ磬Сл٣˲Žô硣
˯硣л, ǰûĸ㡣
ʲôŰװͷӡ֣ի

СģſڣǺġ
Ȼг, ѽ, ˣҵĹ𻨸رóԣ
һһէģŵлĲƽ, ԰ɡ
Ҳ

ЦСĲ𿪰װ, һӸ⣬ҧһڣض, ̫ó, 쳢
Ҳʳ
ĺóԣ㳢һƵлߡ
εſڳ£ζȷʵ

ֱִ, лһֱЩ˼֣ϴȥˮ
ϴˡлûˣֱ۸̧طָĶҲΣ鷳һ·ɣһֱ
á

·ְͷȻɫأͳ֨мҪ˵
ʲô£

ǡץ죬Ѿˣҹȥ㷿俴һۡʬǱҷֵģŵôУŰѱկ˲Żôȥ׷㡣Ʋ죬Բ𰡡
û£ȥˡ

ҪҰܾͲᰤ򣬻㱻
лٿž죬Цûϵͦõġô˵Ҳɱˣʵôһ٣ﵹܶˡ

£Ƿᰡ


ҷ⼸˯ãΪɱ˵ԭ𣿡
лٳĬˡ

㲻þ˵Ǹɱ˶ƣ˲ٻ£ϧҲΪˡ
š

Цÿѹٵݲ±ˡ
лҲЦҲƯ

ҡͷһܸоϵʺرһǴ˼ҵǧС㡣
нʮ궼ɽﳤģʲôҹ㡣

Ҳһֳԭ˰
ϱһ㡣

𣿡


óԵĶ𣿡
ࡣ

𣿡
лƬ̣仰СƵûؿڡ

ʵʵ˵롣лǳǸ׻ֵܽãһֱǿпޡ
Ψһģֻүү

ĵ׻еһֱҪؼңؼҡ

֨
֨
һ£лٻع˵㻳ˣǼٵİɣ
ô֪
˵ġЦ˵㻹ǳ
죬ʲô¶˵

ģû֪ģϡͻȻսЩ¡
ţ
Һͳȥץ㡣ߵЦʳָ˶ԣȻҺǸˡ

л˲ˣ棿
ͷ

۸ˣ
ûУԸġ

ʶ졣
ʲôϲһඡлŮ֮顣ֱ˵Ҳʱˣôûٵҷʲô˵ǰҲûйŮˣٵҲǷʲôɡ
ûС

ô֪û˯
Ҳµġле㺦ˣ֧֧ģܰɡҲ֪

벻Ǹôģ


ҲвȤлࡣ

Ȼſڣ˵ʲô˵Ļأ
лپٲȻһģ

񵭶վЦŴ𻰣ŮӵĻôܸ㡣Ƴл٣Цˣඡ

лٲ뿪Gߡ
Ѿ˳ȥ

㳯糺ˣĶͷûհôô죿
лٴ֣վ߿ȵģҪȥԷˡ

ȥϱ𿪵ĵģó𣿡
һ㡣
һ㣿ЦһԱߣȥգҵҪǵĶжóԡ


ԭлٵķ类ɾˣֻǺ£˰Ǽ䷿ľ峹׷л⼸һֱں㷿סţûв£һδлģҲԸǿȡ

ܳ£ͷܡ
лģ£ֻܿʱ䡣ȬĲˣɽͷ

կļûУлپˡ
Ŵֱ
һֱڣӿտգСȥߣʷ羰˳ռһЩ滭زġ

ɫаկ˻˯·ûһˣŵСֵҲ˯կŹţлٲСֵΣݣӴŲԶһСդ˳ȥ
ôɵسˣ
лټŻֽ磬һ㱡

ʱߣỹǺܴġ
Ǻ˵ɽعࡢկƫ··Ұ塣
ץ˵һկˣñƤ

ðգָЩ
կߣһ羰˵ĵطȡġ


̫ɽͷŷлٲˣĲݶˡ
ǣȫկ˶˯þˡ

лٸջ꼸С壬һҵһ𣬰ŵͷһ𣬻ͷָֻԼУ

һᣬͱ˹
ȥܲˣڵسȥ
л±ߣһҪ˵ı飬ͷֽ˲á

ֱ߬Ӱһٱ𣺡ܵʲô
ɽصŵԶɽȺ

л˿̧֡
һһеĻ壬һ¡
Gлץĸ첲£ʲôҵĻ

ٶһһȥ
лýӣھӣ
û취ȭߣ㲻֪ҪҸ˸ţûи㲻Ҫһ˵ܣҿǻˡ

ҵģʲô£ҾǻˣҰɡлٽżŵأܣֱӰ

ٿط֣лûվȣʯͷϡƨɸմʯͷֱֱӱ˻Ժȥĸһ
лٻڷŭУһƿϺ˿Լȴȥ

㼰ʱ§סڿձıˣˣԲ𣬲㡣
лس˼ͷ

˿°͡
лߣһϣЦ˵ɣ㿪ġ

лٱȥ
š˻壬Ժң㡣
㲻ڡ
ȥңԼܡ˰ƨɣû
лһ

һ顣ƨɣû
лε˵˾䡰á
ʲôƣŲϣ˵ˡ
ˡŲԶ͵Цļˣ·
ˣɡ

лĻ飬ߵرɽ¿嶼㶪ˣò׻ģ̫ˡ
תһţ޷޵ػկ


緹лٻط˯һ죬Ѿǰˡ
ĶЩȥҵԵģȴϵһֽ
类ɽµЩ

ֻǱ̯ƽطš
Ա߻һ֧

Сѣû˱ûˣлٲû̫¡
û뵽ȻǼ˻
ףΪˡ

֧ɫĻЦЦ
δĻ֣֪ʲô֡

ǻζ㣬ϲġ


ܵµ¸һ˻壬ڶժ֧
Ϊժ˿ڣѪˡ

ֽѳţô۶ƽմɽ¶ˮī
л˯ûҽȥſɹֽڲѣôһʱ嶯ˡ
˼˺һ󣬻ǾԼ϶л̫ˡһ֦ƺ

˵ŮӶϲƯΣѻ뻨ķŽϣɽлһЩ鱦Ρ

һȦô̫СĲÿûһ۵ġʵڷֱӱһǮߡ

ɽկ·ϣһȺˣկļ£ʡ
⿴ǳŵŮˣ۶ֱˡ

۵Žݸͷ֪˵ʲô
ֱضŮˣƯ
ӻػƯ
ȥ


Ͻӭӣٵҵȥˣ
šһ˿ӦǴ󻧣ģ
س̫

ڰ֣ȥֱȥߵС۴ڳ
̫̫мɫĻ֦չһҲû£ʲô
û˵

̫̫ЦеأСֵܳõǻϧˡ
㹴˹֣

̫̫յøЩ䣬קһĶûק
̫̫һʹ㣬㡣Լζؿֶţǿһ

㶢Ķժ

Ҫժأ̫̫Ŀﲨ飬ڳϵ֡
ժƽ͵˵ǾͰһߡ
̫̫ȡ¶ţȥɡ

ֽӣ̫̫סָⲻţһ˦˦
̫̫ϸɤçӡ

㲻һζѬͷ衣ֱԵӣָϿ˿
̫̫״ҡͷЦЦֻûӵߡĵˣС˵˼

ȡǮһӣĻȥȡ
̫̫ЦŴǮ¿ۣˡ
ͷлˡ

̫̫һGʲô
ͷأ˵С

ŵһͷû°ɣ
̫̫ſڳǿıӰû£ٸöԶ

ֻ׼˺һٷϻϽߡ


˵شŶֱлٵķ䡣
»㽫Ӹȥ

л˿
͵ı飬ţɽ˸٣źÿˡ

лӻҲҪ
ô㶣ÿ
ҲҪùĶ

˵ҿǹõҲͦġ
лٲ磬ͷ

ӿڴͳԼöָǰġ
лٿˡ

ջ֣ҪҪ

ǡ·㳯˸ڣ񿴹
㽫ָһӸˡ
ס˿ƯǣתͷܻԼ䣬лл

ֿл٣ԼһһġӣлٻûӦ
£һһš

лûհ
㡣

ð졣
ԼЩˬһѣĻҸˡ
ˡлٹĮȴֲ֧

أ
лٲ˵

һᣬĬĬתˡ

ȥлٸϽʡ
ȥһˡ


ɽˣҹʱӡ
л˯ֻһһչʾͷŽָ

лٿۻңģ
ǣġһҡҡ˵ϲùģЩµģ֪ϲ֣Ͷ˵㡣

лЩûȤȴǸжģķǵЩֲϲ
㽫קǰļ£ϲҲҴš

Ϊٰʮָ˽ָȻ֣˵Ư
лûס̣ôǮЩ˰ɡ

ǮⱲӶꡣ
лȡ½ָҿɲǷģҲҪ

㰴ס֣ǰ׸ģ˯ȥ˵ʹչҪ
лٸæվ㿪һ񡣡

˵֪㡣
лװŶܳȥ

ʹθڣ챻Ҵסܡ





25.  25   һ

лٰᵽ񷿼ͬסô, ûгףһֱ˯ںܹǲ̫׵ġ

⼸¶轵ɽϸ, ϡ
γԵСŻɽ, ˵˸Ůˣһկžͱ

л١һԷ, ԶصĴɤţأҿϡ£Ȼˣ˶ȥˣ
ȥ, лӣ˭ˣ
ظ磬󵱼ҵСšҲ˳ȥ

лһֱΪγûţϻͬһŮҲָ˱ֵܡԭ²ǲΪŲºĸ, ԲŮɫ, ڿǸ߿ˡ

رŽлվ, ֹ֪ýʲô, ֻЦŵͷá

سúӢüе̰, ͷһ黨߱, ̤ڲѥƤ㣬ͷŽεӣƤ, ·ϳƵġ
´л٣۹ⲻǸӣˡ

лٿۺ㣬Цظºȵ㣿
ز£лһѣұϸơ

лٱôţڣҸýʲô
ʲôСظ磬С
лǽظ硣

شӲȡһǴǰĺ⣬һļûʲôˡ
лѣ̫ˣллĺ⡣
G𲻸Ӱذҵϣ񣬺ÿ
лл

Ķӣ˵㻳ˣ
ЦŲųʣڵغȾƣһϵģ𣿡
˵ú㿪һ

и׳ҹȥٷϻӵơ
ʰ㣬Сӣͷ㣬һûȥȰɡվһоƣлٵļ磬СŮ˵կǰ㣬СԴȥˡУСҪ۸㣬ңСˣ㡣
лҪվذ͡

лĿ뿪һţԷʲô
лٰŵԶЩСͦġ
˵ʮ˰ɡ


ֱضл١
Ҹ
ã  
лٷ¿ӣҳԱˡ

ϴɾҡ

лͷҲص뿪
ݰŴϡ

£ű죬ͷһ
֨Ÿʲô

˿ȥš
Сܽʰ·Ҫߡ

Ҫߣ
Ҫȥס˵֣ҵģ˵µȢҡ
һӡ

лˣÿ
֣Ȼȥסˣÿ춼ġ

ãѾˣԼԡ
Ҿ˵

á
ûʲôҵһȫϣĵˡ

лɻشϣĵһĪĿա
үүҲ֪ôˡһ뵽Ҫ뿪ȴԵĲᡣ

۾ͼ׳
ȴ̸Ц߳Ժӡ

סԴԼӼط
׻ʲô


ڶգл֣㲻վԱߣдҵ֡
лһصֽϣһ֡

⵨ӣ֪ĻΪǸ
л

дһ
лٻֽд֡

ؿԼ֣ûлֽӵһԵľ
ˣ
ãдлת

ԹԱȥΪҪԼʲôϲ
û
û

ûãȲˣתڴؿֽϵĶ֣üʲô
ʶ֣

Ӱ
лٱЦš

дҵ֣дӰʲô
㲻⼸ֺ𣿡


һ񣬺㲻ϣһ㶼񣡺úдΣ㡣
ˡ

֣ŲҴ㣿
š

ͷѳ
лʣֽ½ǻֻСӰ

е㲻ˬдǺӰ
ǡ

ˣ
ġ

ҪֽлſϣסֽģǺӰǺӰ
ǺӰ

ǺӰ
ӡ

ǺӰ
з

ǺӰ
ֽֽ

ǺӰ
ûˣԴ˵ҰӰ˴ƨɡ

˵ˣ㻹ӰлñҵͷӰ飬ʲô
ַŵԼǰġ

лӣȻ٣ѪӿֱͷϽ֣ƽƽ˵ú˭ûһ顣

ϲ飿
š

˵ָһĶ⣬תˡ
ȥģ
顣

˵ġ
㱳ڰ֣ҵˡ


ϴεĽѵлٳȥдߺһ
ãһȥɽɹ̫

ƽʱûʲôʢĲҰлҲûлɽƣŵϵС߸塣

˿̺棬ﻹ˸ݣеؿлٻ
лټһֱԼʣҪѧ𣿡
ҵǹõģòʡ

лˣſڵϻ㿴ĲȻʵ㻹ɽ𣿡

лһ£תӣ֮ǰ˵Ⱥ˾ͷߣ𣿡
㰡

ģ
ʲôʱƭ㣿ÿŵĲݣ̫ɹģƽȥƣֻһߡ

һ𣿡
װٰȢ

ҼҪǲͬأ
ġ

ҼŵڣǼ޵ĶţҲּ̼ͥ
Ҳǰμңɽʡա

лЦүүϲĻˡ
ҲĻһء

Ҫǲͬأ
㲻ͬҲͬ⡣һۣôŻȥɣ
УүүҼ޸һѵӣǸѧ˵Ҫ֜빫ȥѧѧٻЧպǹҶ֮ţ㣬ռɽΪѹա

ֻۿѹˡ
˼ҾͲԡӡԼ

Уˡƣҿɲѹա˵˵аЦѹϣлľס

Цҧһĺ󾱣ѹѹ㵹ǲ
лקһüԱȥ

лѹˣ˳˳ֳˡ
泩֧ſҪҲȥѧһȥ

ȥѧʲô
ʲôѧȻЦһŲߣҲŲȥӵĵ̣ҵɽҵĹͺܺá˵ˣѧʲôõģסһӡ

л͵͵Ц£˵
ҾͶֽš㲻ޣҾӲȢ˭·ұ˭㷭ӻͳһϺɫ飬㡣
л

˺ܾãÿ
лһů⣬ֵģһʱ֪˵ʲô

ϲ𣿡
лûлش鿴Ժ󲻽Ӱˡǿ顣
Ͳ͵İƣһүǣ顣
顣лٿĵЦ顣

㿴Цݣˣס󣬰˰¡лҪס֣𶯣һڡ
лٿû

ûΪʲôңϲԸ𣿡
лٳĬƬ̣̹ף⣬û̫ࡣ

ʲô
ܶࡣ

˵˵
Һˡ

ʲô
ֻһʱ𣬵õ˾ͲҪˡȥҪڱҸ߲ˡ¸˹ϵͲɽˡ
ԴĥЩʲô߰ģĶ䣬ð͸ˣǣң˯ͻ㸺һȢ㣬̧ӭţ̧ʮ̧ޡĽĽá 
лǣεЦˡ

ǳףҾͻأססáҪǳʱ䲻һֵȥ㣬ɱˡ
˭ˣҵɲ㡣
ҲܣҾС

лҧ⣬ûзϡ
ҪǲϲסɽϣǾɽסҸڸպÿ˼լӣȥ㡣үүǾͰӹǶԶԶģ֤˼ҡϲʳҾ͸˸ȥҲҪ檣Ů̫ෳúܣߴߴᳳͷۣҾȢһ

лٺȻۣС󣬳үү۰ԼӿͷĲǸжޱߵίɽկĽһ̫£̫ĻǰõӣεҵıԼǰףܵҹߡ

ʲôᣬôж
лЦŴᡣ

ҲЦϻۣ
š

ʲô
ۡ

ˡ˴䣬ôأ۾
лֳؿڣҪƿ˫һ㣬˫ִؿ§ˡ

죬лס󣬡һ¡
ôˣ

ðɡ
û˻Χߵɽֻ񿴵õ

һˣ
ûһ·ˡ

Ԥıѽ
ǰ첻˯㲻ȥ㱧̺ϣҪҴʲôϸƤģˡ

ԺҲĹ
Ųšһ⿪·ЦŴ塣
лסأȥʲôǲסߺȥ۾

㳶֣ʲôկͿһɶˡ

˻ૣҲһΣﲻҡ
лٵͷ

ſ㣬Ҳ˵ҪֱȥлԼǴæק
Ц֪ߣ˳ҡ

лԴԼԼǰ
˳ҧһڡ

̫ˣҧҴŴǿ鶯ھһͷĴ
лˣʱ򻹲٩Լ

üҪ
䲻⣬˽ȥ

˵һеۣƭˣеۣлپԼȥˡ
ǻ˶ִ˿ۣо屻˺Ʋסᶶš

ҧŴʹ
û飬ǰҲȤֻżֵ˼䡣ʵʲͷɵţ޼ɣֻ֪ͣײ

ͱסһҧŴ꣬һͷһͨҽòױɿ͸һֱԴ衣

лʵܲסˣʱʹתΪĴ̼žһδα졣
Ŀɢſзɹĺ񣬺ȻҧסĶ䣬ںߺ͵ĴϢỽ㣬㡣
㡣





26.  26   

лٻʹ, ˫ȡ
Լ߻ȥҪ

ɽĥڡ
ʱӻ·, ֻڴʯ˯, ˺ࡣлٿʵΪ, źĲӣǰ

һţG˯ˡ
ӵ, л㱵ؿˣ

л٣
Ӵ˸춼ˣҲ̫ˡ

л߬סǰ·, , ʾӲҪ˵ˡ
㲻СЦ, ǡ
л٣

¿л٣ǲס, ȴһ͸ˡҧĴУ˸о, ٿ, ˵ȥˡ

ҹɽ·
ӸһǷһ͵Ц


̫, Сտգ˶ѻȥ˯
㽫лٷŵԼȥҪȥŪԵһ磬ԼҲĹǺ޲ôֻ

лٵã㻹ûȥŸأȥ
סվãӦһȥ

ӡ
лԶŵһζԼĶ۵졣
ӭôˣ
ʲôóԵġ

ӾŲίؿҰѲһˣҶ˵˲ôûҡ
л߹ȥһۣһòˣֲЩʲôεЦŪɡ
ãѣ򵥡Ҫ¡

лƿҲˡ
ӼԱ񣬶͵Ц

лҳЩָӰгָ֣ݺݳһ


㻹Уеϸƽģ赶ŪǹԣȥǸֲڵˣȴҲϸµһ棬ʱľͷЩֵС⣬ذյʮֲ
л棬⺷˹ɵЦ㲻ˣȥҲǲġ
̧һۣðϰ

лپһСС
ϰ

ȥ̫ļȦ˼˵ؾŵ
žણһûȣ˵ϡ
˻𣺡ò͵ģ

лٲ³վԱ߿ȥɡ

һᣬڵˡ
ζӶ

˳Ĭسš
㽫ļил٣Ե㡣

Ͳµᱻߣֻû뵽ô졣ˣ
лټ棬Ѽ԰ɡ

㣬ּлԣˡ
ʲôˬˡ
лٺһš

̣ۡ
аˬ磬ҲֻǰλƵסˡ

߳Ա߿л٣ſŻЦ
лܲˣ棬ͬһߣ˲ĴȣҳԹóԵ档

ȫûȥʢһ룬Ŷ׵ſڼԡ

лٰȷŵһߣﻹ𣿡

лߵأ
ż㰲Է𣿡

˽ȥŶ

ڳʼߴл٣ԡ
һ顣

㣬
леļʲô˼Ѿ˺üΣǵﲻɡ
˵ף㼱лٱ벻ߣҶһҪٳһ롣
վıԣԵ

㿸ص䣬ûʲô˯һޡ

ڶһ磬컹ûֿʼһӲˡлֻԴʹƣ۾
ʬţһطڡ


կץ˸ձŮ˺կܶ˴ȥ֡
Ժлӷɵ

ӳҪһѿͷһԶ˹ȥûֻҪ׼κζܳΪɱ
л㶵ؿű䴩ĻӣϻغֻһֱԺʱģ˵˵

лСܹȥӱ˳廹ᶶ±㳹ûߵ㣬ɱ
һͷˮôˣ

лٿӣܲܲҪɱЩ
СôġЦˣӶѣ˵ЩҲûɱ
лٽ׷ʣʲôˣ
ˡ

ˣ
ļǵ롣ָŶʮ߸

лټɵһ䣬ˡ
תߣתſӸȥЩɱɱˡ

Ժڵţôˣ
񱦱ؿԼĽӣ̫»ȥСڳܣ

лٻص䣬ŸϣվͷţʲôҲɱаɣԺǹ֤ɱͷû˵ɱЩҲʲôˣɱ˷ǿ~Ů˵ġ
лٱţ߶

ŰģŲþֿġ
ͻȻûˣлٿţſڣԼ

𣿡
վƤЦձĹ§壬ģֻӡ

ҪˡлٴȥûʸǣҵָһմѪζ
ģɿ˫ǲĴ
֪лٽƳȥֹţˣҪ˯ᡣ

ţô죿
ˡ

ˣ˶ϧ˸ԡ
ˣ

úúã񡣡


ȥڿӣ£иСֵܹȥá

ձŮ˱ӿ־ţҪǡ
㵽ʱɽկĵѹɽȥסˣȥ

׸㣬ЦͣСˣ⼸ձ˹ɽ·ǽˣ⹷Ӿǵǡ
ձŮ˱ӣŵֱ
׸ĳŮ˾һţ˵˻

ձŮ˺ӱߵڵģ׸Ҫ̧ߣסˣŮ˺ӳʲô
׸ߺߵģݵˣ˿ĭŮ˺֣Ǻö

ձŮ˵˾ŮƵƵͷ
׸һߴߴͷۣС˵ʲôأ
ߡ

ߣ׸⣬㶺أ
ɱŮ˺С

կ˲죺ڼɱʱɲʲô޴Ů˺ӣ
ǣҪ˵ɱ˶ˣ͸ûУ

ѶҧгݵվߣҶ֪ĵܵձ׸Ͻ˵ã˵⼸˸òɱ

սȭͷŻסӵĸף޵嶼ڷ
㰴סļ磬㣬㿴Ű졣

ӣȭͷɿүǣΪŮ˺ӣǹǰġ
Ļشں֮С

׸ҽٵģôߣŶûС
йˣձˣҲǣ
С㣡

ҿҲ÷šˣ⺢µȥǹ
ҡ׸ߺ޵̾˿

ʵȭɽȥС˵Ķԣǲձɱ£ˡ

ٿǣת˴á㿴һۣҲƣԳأ۾ˡ


׸һȰͬѹձԭ·ء;կɱվڲt̨ϵʿ
ӭȥкҡ
ϣӡ

⼸˸ģ
ձẠ̊́ͷ÷ߡ

÷ŵģ
гأ󵱼Ҳ˼

֮ʡЦһӲձҿ˵ͷûˡú㵱ֵܣ
ɱˣ׸綼ɱ

կһУԽԽûѪԣ涪ϵҵʱվţկôҿҲ챻ͬˣ类а
⻰Ժض׸Ķӣկկͷģ滹šҲòм͡ÿȰȰЩ¿ȥǮ׬Ķ졣

ķ
׸ڰ֣ձŮһ䣬ȵ㣡޿ģתͷֶ˵ˣҲǣԩͷծȻձɱŮ˺ӣ˵ȥҲʣɣˡ
ţߡ

׸ɽҾ߳կʸϽȥҡ
ҿûһֱۣԼȥ

ø磬ȴСĴ氮Ľ֪ź㣬ж꣬㷢ұ۸ɱͷ

ȥģ
ԡ

㡣
á

СһĸףҼΪϲḧë
ʱһӻ˵˳㻹ǹÿǸ.Ӷģ궼ˣ㻹ʲô
ˣɫӳء

ңμôǣʹ㲻֮һֱǣ
ҺݺݿһۣбȥС..
ҡ
Ҿͱ졣߰㻹Ǹĸ磬ǰҳ

üЩͷƴӣܹˡ
ô㻹뷴˲ɣƲﾡǱģҲÿûǸ͡һӣҪʮˡ

ʱ˷񶨣иӷȻûٸȥ
ҼԶȥϵĵ͵˳ȥһƥĲ

ҧŵϵγϲȥѪ
СӣӲ㣬Ǹƨկ





27.  27   

ǰ˵Ҫлһƥ, Ϊһֱšկ˲ٺѡƥлƫƫкСڡ

ƥ, һƥڵ, һƥ׵ġ
Сңɽ, ѪСᣬֻɽתһת

˵ܽȥ
лСڶ˵ȷʵս
ҪҰ, Ҷˤ˱ް

ôҰҶˣһƥʲô
ˣ, á

лСڵͷ, һ㲻ӣƫ˹ȥ, 
лƹȥСڲǰǰ㿹Լ, ס

С˿
㱧˫Цܵǰǿ, Ҹ㵱

棿
ü, ܲ

лٿı飬˵ǵ£˭˭, ôռˡ
עӮ˵Ļҡ
ͷð

лȥϣḧСڵëС˵˾仰
͵͵ҵС˵ʲôأ
㡣нǣһݡСƵ˼

ںͷЦſǡСҪ㴵ڣСͷԹߵߡ
лٲãˣ

ס֣Ħһ㣬
лҪȦסţСǣ㿴ʲô

лٻδӦСವĴ˳ȥĺײϣŴ̼ٶ뼲硣
δôⶸ͵ɽ·ϡ

ȻǰܹһĨӰһͬܡ
лٶ׸磡

Цſǡ
ǰһ£лٽŵضס󣬡ͣͣ
ǵͣӿ׷ȥ̤ƣСڸŰ׸Ծһߡ

лپδһ
ߣ˵飬
ˬ𣿡


ɽһȦͣںӵ
ԶɽϹһϸٲлٶӡ̣μ棬Ǳط
պºӺɽܣһֱץ˻

㿪ʼ·лΪ£˼
ʲô㡣

ʲô
ȥһȦ

𣿡
ȵúܡ


Ŷȵúܡ


ˮлʯͷϵ
һλߣˮ𣿡
š


Ҫ̫ˡ

䡣
䡣

ʯͷ벻֪ɽ·
ţ

ںӵסЦĨ˰Ҷôˣû뵽ôҿôȻôϱ
лѾǲ˵ʲôˣʵӵʲô
濴ˮǰɽӵΣҵһȱڣȥܵɽһߣ˳ˮȥٲٲסһխݵֱͨɽ£ϰҵһϻʮؾӡ

ڸʲô
·û֪һҲᱻ˷֡

㲻͵ˣ
ܰܣҴ˯ޡ

лϰĻ绰Ϊ⣬㲻Ҹܣǣ
𣿡סĽţ֨˵ˮʲôо

лһŽ߽ˮ
౻ŵĵطЦųˮס


տգ֣ÿҪϯĲԸ⣬ֻ뼸֮۾ۡ
磬СæһƬ

С鵽ܣԺľͷʱ档
ǲãټ£˳ָϲС߿Ա֣߳룬ȭͷ˴Զȥ

õΧԱ߶ŵȵС˵ˣһ˭˭ġ
˳ȥС˹ȥܣҵҵģඣ

𼱵ĶţѽģƫƫԼûõ
ۣȡѴǰ̵ľ͸ȥɡ

ʱЦŹ⣬ۣ˧
ٵҵģ˶ˡȥ𣬱ٵңϽؼȥ

סȣҲȥԷ˵еԡ
Ĺͷ̰ԣȥɡ


лһ綼ڳæ˳ѧЩʽ
Ϸȫ룬Ųȥкտ

տմ·ǳɫһŵĹӸʡлٶԺ˵ͻȻоǻͦ񡣡
ֵܲһۣҸ˭

л߿
ȥ˭


š
󡣡
ҳ㻹ס



ӣ񡢳῵˶˼þơ
ҳɽ裻һЦһЦǵôЦУˣŤŤ裬Ѿƺ飬ſںտձ˰ס죬ڻ

лٶ˼ǰ׽ŪȾ棬ȴֲͣȰ衣лٲȵеͷȥš

лſںϣݶĿЦܲȾǡ

ٺȵ㣬˰ɡקקĶ䣬Ҫ𣿡
ûлٷ֣Ҿء

̹٣Ҵɽ䡣
лƬ̣Ӧð

лٿԶɽɽ£үү
ͷȥ磬Ҿؼҡ
лҧϥһڣ˭Ҫ㣬Լȥ

קĶ䣬ǹôϲҧң
лҧסɿڡ

ᱧȥҧ


Ϸ˼ɫĶлչÿ
ԡ

лϣñӣÿ𣿡
Ưֱկ

կ𣿡
żＸûȡ§ס˵կˣⷽԲﶼҲƯġ

лŤˣ˭š
㰡סȥס
С

ô
ǡ
ţҳֲˡ

ȥ
ôţˣ쵽·ǿɲ㡣
ޡƾ⣬ǡôлָһüģбҡ
ϣвҰ

Сʧ´󡣡
Ū㻹Ǹ-Ůء㱧£ףŤʱû-ൽȥζе

лٶĺᣬΪʲôⶫ
ٵЦĸ

лٴĺᣬ
ÿڸ⿪Ķӵһԣ졣

лץסֻ֣ѽ
˵أ

лټнȣôˡ
ùǡ
Ҫлٷȥͷ㡣

ְ̻ڻ
ȴͻȻ˵ҵһˡ

ţ㻹м
лſ֣ôࡣ

⣿ЦһһɵҪôࡣ
лٲȭ

סԣ𶯡


һǻ㡣
ȥңԽԽãðԺӣկװôԹ㷢йˡ

㿴һһϵ죬Цȥķ½˸ɾ
ЦüۣҶϡ

ҪӣͻȻˣͷֱײ֨Ҹղš
ȥ

һŵԭأ㶵ؿ´üͷȥԲǼ
˳ȥűϣָ

ô׸
𣿡

ţɷ
£Ҿ㡣

߿
֪Ҳߡӣʱһ𣿡

ŮҪ㡣
Ϸɵġġˮεģȣֻĸġ

лٳӵסԼ
ʲôŤŤֲǵһءֱسӣֱӵ˵ϣֱ׵ش壬á


̫ٳһ磬лپ͸źɽ
Ǳɽҹε£ԸͷȴûԤеǰϲá

ɽ·ƽʱǺһˣӱ޲Сʱܵϣشл٣ж١ҵʱѾ
Զĸӭһѡ

λǣݴźл١
ϱ㽫קԣδŵġ

лٵá
һһᡣݰӭͷɣԶȥڽˣԺͻء

̫̫ף٣㽫лٰŮһͬչŵ㡣
ʱлٵĶߣԣԱ˽ȥͷϢȥȵƣʲô¾Ͳ˽ҡ
áٺȵ㡣
ҺĶİɣ˾ţ׸ɲҡ

ͥڣĿл죬Ͻߣ߰ɡ
ûȥͷ䡣

ȥɡ
ֱЦˡ

ͷžط𳤱ޣϯˣΨлһһ˶ˡ
лټǲҲ˼һ¿꣬һ˾ôţ

ãлԱߵŮˣô԰
ĸң

Ů˲ΡΡ̣롣






28.  28   

̡
лٶʱˡǸ, Щɵּ˿ǰĲˣȲڵطУȴǻ, ǳѽ
˽, ̣ʲô, ˵ǰȥ
ǣȳԡ


洩Ʊ̣Ҿ
лٸϽžƱվ, ȴǿյģԵĸ˸ϽΪƣлл

һ˰һ顣
ʢȴ, лپԡ


ϯ, ˼ˡ
ҶܵԺи֪Զү, Ǽձˣ˵̫̫ף, 
˵غžƣ֣طı, Сյ, ˡֱҪǹԶסҡҡͷ

ĸձ, ͷĴźɫ£۾СЦһ죬ȥ˹˹ġվһͬŴµİӣʿһѳһвɫϾ촽Ժڵˡ

Զ˽Ƣԣ£סһ䣺嶯˶࣬Ƣա
˦ߵǰͷ֪

оһ΢΢ͷϰ壬СС⣬ЦɡΪҴձҾ
ݴĻĳղ񡣡
о΢Цֱϰ岻ҽȥⲻйĴ֮ɣ

Ϊ磬дˣذɡ
оǿһͬˣλĪǺٵң

ǰһŲڳϣүү
оЦЦٵңǰȥݷöΣǵ˶Уºǿհ˼գ֪ɷºϼ
Ӻ衣ѾܿԼһŲȱ⹷յԹϿӣúע⣬ĴΡ

ȥ͵ЦһоȻֵЦݣźٵԸңһ鴫
ѧй˵㡣

оǿĵȻ£˵ٵҹ˵ã֪Ȥ±һ
ԣЦһǲӰε

ߵʿĿ¶ɫǰһо˵˾ʿ˵档

Զ˵壬ú̸ǲձ˺ǡ
ʲôȣͷӣСǶڣѪϽӹ

о̾û̸еˣ

ݵûء
оǵͷǽձ㲻ˣ⻭¡

ŵϣ˭֪̫̫Ѿ߲Źš
оתͷ̫̫ףٿ

̫̫ǻͳȥŹȺݺŵأޣǲСձĶڼʲôǾǰ˵ģӶǹҵúʲôʲôϽĶҵĵҵۣ
ݼ̫̫Ͻסӣ߶ӦԡԸѾߣ̫̫Ъš
ǡ

ѪѪ𰡣̫̫Ѿ߷ߣϽҹ

оǵҪʰоסԺλٻᡣĿ䵽վȺелϣͷ΢Ц
лޱؿе㲻

˳߿ȥͻȻε˦˳ȥоǵķߣ-ľϡ
ٿ顣

ʿһ䣬ŭĿԲεҪǰоǺǳһʿ˺һоǴż߳լ

ָŵϵĻԼҶӳȥ
Ҷʰ͵ľͳȥоǵĽŲ࣬һ䣬㡣
оǻͷֻıϡ

ʿսо
оգЦһߡ


Ҷȥȡĵʹ˺Ž˳ȥ
ˣ
G

תл߹ȥָȥԷ
лٱߣʵǻҪú󡣡
š

ձ˺˵᲻ᱨ
СǼҼң¡ϣȾˣ˲١
̫ˣͣؾҡ
˭ϱЦŴصϣԵ㡣
š

ǵü˳ۣûҳ
Ȼǵ޲ʤλൣЩǺһ˵лٵľƱ
һ˲Լͬʱȫվ

һ
±ӣλˡ


лٷûԱȥԺߡ
Һܴ󣬵ľɣʩ򵥣׸һҲ˷ѡлңǼҾͻϺü֣̫̫ʱ֣ʲôʲôԺӲͣظĽһɽλòãһƬ԰̫СˡһȺҶѾߣڻҵ챻˸⣬л˸Щƥ׬ǵǮϲǻٶȡ
ҲΪ⣬лͥлסԼһɽǺüꡣлƷУȴТ˳ûүүһܡ

ǰǰĸˣû뿪үүôáԺֿʼ˼
Ӷ˶ȥǰæˣںȾƣʱ-ǽȥ뿪ûᡣ

ڼɽǰٲά衣Χǽ߬½ǣȥ
ˣ˵ǰ㣬ĺҲԼץ

ȻһѾԺһС㡣
лپ˿ת

С㣬ʲôҪ𣿡
лҡҡͷߡ

СҪȲ𣿻Щġ
ãллˡ

һߺŹ̡
лʵϰƺ

С鲽ܹҵѰүȥͷЪᣬúһᣬ˾˯ᡣ
Ѿ֪ǰλǺСүģϽͷ

лٸȥ˼ͷ


ãҲͲס˵ַƣЩˡҵ˷ͷϢС˯һᡣ
ѹʱ򣬷ܰлڴߵǰ飬ĵС̨ƽļͷ˿Ľơ

㲻뾪ᷭ˸ȴǿ֨һ¡лٻףȥ˱𣿡
˸Цеؿûܡ

ˮ𣿡лűӣϷ
˫ͷ£ιҡ
ˮôι
ι
ˡлתҪߣѸٵס
ȣȡùһһ

лֱӽ˹ҲС豭ֱӶź̫࣬ͣ죬˳Źĺ·ȥ
û˸

²⽫ߵˮȥ˯ôãˣ
ûжáлٽߣ¹۾ͰѴˣ㻹Ҫ˯𣿡
˯㡣

²ߵߣͷҪˡ
áɻȥؿ֣

лٵȻ߼顣
㾲ؿһᣬƿ˴ļһ§ߣȥ䡣


лȥ˸ԺӣţͷҲ˿ء
㷭ǽϣҪлٲԸ⣬ҲŲ
š¸¾ķˡϺ

лٿⳤΧǽҪľ
š㳯֣ɡ

лס֣˹ȥ
ԺӶ˴ɨľҲ޼忴ȥɾǣߣǰһΣԺӴǰһֱţ䶼ͦ£ģͦ˼ܶ㣬ɽɽ꣬ǿ˯ʹ̼
лٰ־˳ȥ˭ҪסҪؼҵġ
ЦŸǣúúã˵Щȥ濴

лߡ
̤ϰĶݣӳȴһǴοմİǽһɫĳľΡ䷿Ŷţл￴һۣͦʩҲͦȫڷŵľ¡

űϻһƬС֣߳˼Ģ
ժƬҶͷϣ𣿡

˵ǼٵģڸղǣԼ߹ʯŵʱͷֲϣֻĬ
§סļ磬ǾͻһΪֹ

լӲ˰ɣ̫ˡ
Ժһ޳ܣСôУ

лϲȴһ£˭Ҫޡ
㰡һڣϲСرϲ
Ҳϲ
ǾͲ

лһۣôң
˵㡣

лЦزסǣ㲻ˡ
ðߴͷñǼ˲ıӣУʲôǡ

л㣬ҿ¡
קţʲô¡


Ժǽлȥ·һ꣬лͻȻͣܲܽҵǮлָָԵĵ꣬Ҫˣ͸
衣
лٵðɡ

̧°ͣҵǮģý裬ôô
Уǽ裬ҲǷ㣬֮ǰҵĶҶ˻㡣

ô
ҡ
ĻЦˣֻҪԹԼ޹ҹӾС
лŤ

˵ǱʲôףҪ׼ʲôתô죿ھȥˣȢš
ԼȥɣҺüλޣò绨ҵܲͬ⡣
ҾҪ㡣
Ǯҡ
úúã㡣Ǯȥɡ

лٿĶ׹Уʺ㣬ĸÿ
ÿ
ѡһԡ
ָһԣлֲԣҾҲ
ϰ壬ȫϡ

ôࡣ
һǸСѾͷԼ
ҲãѾܶˡлٵ˵һԲ׹ϰ˵Ҫ
˵ȫҪ

ϰԻˣҰĸ
Ҫ˵飿
ϰŵøϽȥװϡ

еĴҪ˷Ǯлӣ̫˷ˡ
§סûžʡǮ鷢ʺȢؼңȱѹկˡ
лƿ˿š
¡

治á
ٷϻӾͰûǮ


ʶ̬Ȳԣ㲻ҪȥָˣôδѹկˣԵҲ
ʲô߰ģˡлٵ֣˳ȥ
ϰ˵ؽϣúá
лˡЦת׷ȥһ§סϱˣ

лٲ
Ҿ㣬Ըɡ˻ļ磬ҪǷңúñ־УдҸˡ
л˦ˣ

Ц׷ȥܰϱ


ڽһ磬ȥķѣȥƬ

ϻڰ磬ȥлٲһԶûȥȥ˶ٽϲˡȥ˳ϷЩҼùס¡

л£һֱδ˯ֲҷȥɴ̨վš
ˣҼҵƻԶһƬڡ
Щлٴ˸ƺеֱ˼Ƥ͸ˡ

أ
лŵһ΢΢ԺͷסԼˣ˯ţ͸͸

һΪˡ
л㶣أ
ȡ
лžЦ

ƭģҿ᲻á˯ŽҰξͺ˯ˡۣ°͵ļϣֿʼƣҪ𣿡
Ҫ
ҪҲҪͻȻͰᱧߡ

лûԼϡ˹̨ţ紵˽ɴţԼпõҹмŲǡ
ʲôأס°ͣת˹ҡ


ùݴȣ֨֨죬лץıһԡ
Ĳӣ-ݵȻ˾䣺㰮𣿡
лŤȥ

Ȼͣ¶šң
Ҫʱ𣿡

Ҫ


û˵
лٲҪ㿪

˷סѹںϣͷһ嵽ף
Ʋס˳·嶼ܿƣС˨һٹ˲ʲô֜

˭
㡣

˭ң
Ұ㡣

㣬ļ磬Ҳ㡣





29.  29   

ųȥ, ˸壬ڲԶɽһ磬ʲôҲûȵ, ڶ༸
̱, ӵڲϯ˯

ҹľͷչ, ҹɽûлúܣ῱ѣȥ

կſţû, ֵؿt̨ȴ˿ءû̫⣬Ϊ˻ȥ㣬ȥ͵Ⱦ, Ըկ, ѹ

ˣó῱Լ, ƵסߡȻԶһɫӰ, ٵطտԺǽ
һ£ΪԼۻˡĶ䣬ôˣ

῰ϵߵ, û, ˡ߲ԶǸɫӰִԺǽ˳ؿˣʱƫ㵽ǽࡣ

ɻ, ôˣ
꣬˵ƫͷһۣȾܡ
ô˰Ծʲô

ῷɿػص
ߵͷΣˣô죡

ס죬С
ק֣ɹģôѽ

ҿձˡ
ձˣţձôկ㿴˰ɡ
ܣѵͷ·ձ˵Ĵ磬һܿڶξܡῶͷϸԽԽţ-ǽ˴үס

ı飬ǿЦҧҧָձ˽үԺӸ
֪

ҹ͵͵϶ûɺ¡Ȼү˽ͨձ˰ɣ˵ձ˵֣ǲıʲôռɽկú󣿲ɱǰɣ
Ҳ¡῰£ȳȥڼҴűŴá
Уȥק֣϶ʲôܣСڣЩɱ˲գ۵ġ
үˡ῿գ˽ͨˣüʱ֪ͨٵҴ󵱼ҡ
Ҳȥ
ԣһͻ˿գȥˡ

ǽߵľԲ鿴ΧּձߴӺԺӷＸ䣬ֱ𳯲ͬȥ
ǺտйǹȥٵԺӸ

ȥѹӿܹȥܵԺڣںͷһ
ŵû궼ˣæ
һ˺¡

С㡣
Ŷ

ųȥһѪĨ£Ѫʵġŵ§ĸ첲ôѪ
տԺ䣬һסһסѪͨ򣬳ʶԣæտţţõĴ򿪣ͷ̽ȥү
Ӧ

ү
ֻտڴϣӸסһߵߣƿıӡ


ס죬С

Ŵϵʬ壬ŵˣͷͣص㣬ˣ
ֻտĿ͵ţһϸĵۣȥĺʹࡣ

ϣŵձɱˡ
῰ϵţ϶Ϊú¡ԽԽţկ˱Ͳ࣬ٵһȥ̫̫ףˣСôģ䣬ȥ

קŲߣȥģ
ȥ˰ҹҶ˯ţ޷С׸οǸӦòˣš
Һ£ءҸһ𡣡
һ̫Σա

Ȼ洫ǹձ˴
ŵö㵽Ώ

һεҪȥ
ס֣ܰɣЩˡ
Ҳֵܲܡ

Ȼ˵һű߿
´󣬿űӣһСӣ˫ִϵѪĻ˹


л͵ؾѣجˡ
Գ˯ţס

㱻Ūѣ۾ͷôˣ
εɱˡȣԼһţεһѪ
ֽű㷭§ڻס֣ͷ£⣬˯ɡ


лٳҹδߣԴ裬ۣ϶˵
·ģ
˶𣿡
˶٣

лۿ۴⣬컹û
ۼ˯ȥ

ãկе£Ȼȥһˣ˯ᣬһ
лԺشӦ


կ
ƿڴһ°ϣڵأͷĵͣѪ
կôֳĶʲô飡

ˣһŲϣⱲˣһҹ˵С-һ־һһø磬μûְ࣡

ңμȺôǵģ㻹ĿǶԸ˵ˣȥʡ˺ܶ£˿Ѫ㲻Ҫͷɱ֮ˣ

ٸǧУҲձ˵Ĺǡ
ûб㣡ֻǽɽ·ߺկկĵͼоǴӦңᶯկˣկ󲿷Ѿǰתˣܰȫ˵³֮Ҳҵɡձ˲ҪɽկֻҪúûկԺҲÿκ˵ɫǾɽ֮

Ҳ֪£أկ˶ŪȥˣͳǹԴ㻹ʲô
ģǺܰȫҧҧ֮ܲˣɱһٶձˣںɽĴ
δ˵꣬һϣĻŭش𣺡Ǹʲôƨˣ

ͷײϣѪܵģǣҸǵģ˭֪ߵغȥձˣһԴȥ˿ӣʬȫǣկһҲܣʳЦɴһ̹׸կץһձǺկμǼûõľȻǸˣ׷ȥȫɱˣ֪Ǽ˭оǵĵϱֶץģ·ϣһ춼˵塣
ҿ⸱ªǣǹҪȻСССӡ
Ҵһ䣬ͷֱ˵

СӴկײկˡ
ˣܣǾ·Ӧҵģԣ϶·ȥ

ķʱ㻹ǰĻʵ⣬Ȼٸˣҳǹկߣյģͷ-ϡ
ʷ׷ȥȵȣᣬһᣬҸȥ˵嶯

תָһţҷϣ
װģǱô򵥣˺ܶ棡㲻ܸͻǴ򲻹ģʽס˻𣬡ǹȥҵǺμң޹أ

ұ߲ˣݲ-˽ȥ飡ҷſμ˼սҲտܵͷ
˿ڵϴ߳ȥſڵϺվסңҡ

կŽգ˲t̨կձ˲࣬еʿŵеĴϰյ·ǹðɵؿǣСձ̵ĸǸƨʲôǣ
ͷձʿϣɫʿͷС˺΢ЦδСɡãҽдɣоҵĸ硣Ҫţѡ
˭ѣޡҳ˿ĭʶĸϽɽկǿ̵ʬ塣

δС㣬ùԹԷУҲΪǡ
Ϊѣ㵹ΪһԡҲǰľ䣬첲ŴȣЦկǰûõزסţ̿ɲǳصġ

ĵóдɸǸ̫˵ǴСƢ˵ӣ˼ǧ棬º
šס죬ֱӰ˴Ӳt̨ȥһǹı󣬡ձȥɣҪʹ򣬷ʲô


ҹկһٶˣˣ涼֣ȫں޷±Ρɱ
կձռˣֲ㣬ȥֻܳˮ·ɽ

կʱ򣬺γڴ-̣һѶ-ǹô˼飡
γۣŻƤվһڡ

ػѪָеկҽˣֻԼǰﹷģ㰵Ϯǵһ

γԴӺûǹǵںС㣬կй


կǹɽȻ
Ǵϼһȥ֧Ԯ

ҿˣȴ˭Ҫҹ
û

СӲ࣬ǹǿ죬ȫկ
ռ˾ѻλÿ

Ҳҵկӣƾʲôãÿ
㲻ϻһۡ

ˣǸͨУǹկҶЦС-أҳˣΣջҺ㲢սǸС--ٻܸ

ٷϻͷǱȥ򡣡
㡭ĸԸȥԴǹ


˫ʼƴƴ-ձʿѵأȺܵУѾһʮĵز

о٣կ⣬ʿͰ಻סˣʾҪսоҪġ

ʿŵֱĿꡣ
һѪһӵԴÿİĽԼһСӣ
ͷǰˣոоϯһѵ˺аγߵѪЦһ㲻ǲˡ

ʿойһ࣬йȴҲϡ˵ʲôֿȣ˫յһսǰ׼ˮ
øʿԼε

תصزڵϣ˵㲻Ұε
ʿŭŴڵس㿳ӭϣĦ𻨡

ʿȥ˶׾ȴļȡУĵ⻮ۣĿӡӹȥʿƫ㿪ԵסĹʿźϵѪЦһйŵط˾䣬ʹȫӵ㣬ƳŵصҸбƹȥһĴϡʿվȽŸȵֳֻزתȦ
ػؼĵơ

ʿռŭĲӺῳȥ㣬ŵأһڿзԾʿһϣһ
ʿļõأס壬ָ߾𳤵ӭƴȫ˽ⳡսܣ̧ʿֽ˳Թ󣬽ĵˡʿ˵ֽš
ûӦĻᣬٹӦ֫ȥʿĲҽ쳹ɽ䣬ͷƤѣصصȥƬ
ݣһ-䣬Űͷһѹͷ

ͻȻһʿŵ
磡

ѸܶȥģûһӰȻǰһγ˦˳ȥʿġ

ľľתֻ硣
бüһֱ°ͣⷭһ飬촽ָİꡣͷԼһۣѪ

㽫ǽ
ŵĺ첼һסһסĶӡ

Ҳؽ֣߬硣
˵

ԼоϺһ޳Ĺ֣Ѫ˳ָܼĹƤ˲ֻ֣ҵ
Ѫ̫죬סϵĿӣ׸š

ǲǿˡ
ġ

Сձĵ죬ղŻûоģں۰ҵѪֶס󣬡ˣҵĳӶˡ
㲻ģ

磬Ҿˣûùӽ촽۵ûֻ֪ܴӺһǹûҵϾͺˣҪֻǹͲϴƫܶɱСˡίֲǴƫ

ü˵ˡ
Ҫ˵ٲ˵Ժû˵ˣǰͲңԺңֻһ̣˵˵ץסĸ첲Ҳûôģֻ̫ϲˡɱãΪǸСңụ֪̂ģ˵ûˡ

ֵǻƴɱû߿࣬𶯣ҵȻ
ҲȡҲߣҾ㣬Ҿεİɣסҵİɣ
㿴ѵ˵ͷ

ұöˣܰ㿳С𣿡Ц촽Ϊ𻡶ȣڸ䲻㡣

ձ˼˻ǹȻڣɨ
ҹָ磬㻹ûҡ

ܱһ𣿡硣


л󣬷ֺӶڣϵǮֱվûֱĳҪȥϾ
뷢Сʱ߬ųƱڳϣͣƱߡڿ뿪طȴһҲ˲

ԱһԷޣ˰ݸӣ˳Ц⡣
һ˲䣬ҡҡ׹΢ĸܡ
ͷһȣ˺˳Ʊվ

صõ꣬лپͺˡ
һùݴţҪ뿪ȴȵȺ㡣

˯һһҹδҹȥҵԵģҶš
ֻܺˮ伢

лٰ˯ˣҹ˯ţ컨巢
ʲôȥˣ
һ첻ӰͲԼˣ

һЩɵСŤԼߣȴΪС֪Ӱˡ
ô˯ˣҪˣ
ˣ

лٵ¾ٲͻؼҡ


ڶ磬㻹δ֡
лٳȥ緹˳ùϰҪֽʣ

Ȼ
ͷ⼸֡
ôдȡֲãֵԼĸо

ֽдһš
ˡ

ﰵһ˺ֽ
ˡ


лùϰȺֽٵЩȥվ

ƱվڳǰƤĪ
ͷԶɽ˰Ρ

ϳ߲ߣ
лȻͷߡ







30.  30   ޼

л·ϵŵ
лլ, ֱүүȥ˲Ѿ߼ŵеӲߡС㡣


㶰, Ͻǰ, С㣬㲻ǡΪǡ
ܼ, ˣС㣡ͷߣСˡүСˡ

л˱˲ų, ˸ȡ
лӭȥӦؽ

л˼ӾתΪ࣬ȥ, Сأ
лٳĬˡ

лظһ飺ӭӭأ
Բ, ûܰӭӭ

̫λѶ, ⲻСү, СҲѻȫˣһ, ·, ǰ˵ϲôͷˣ
Ļ䣬ԶԶ̫ӭӭ, ӭӭӭӭˡ

̫߽лӭקлٷʣӭӭأôӭӭôûһ
лƽòˡ

ʲôвˣ
лٵˡ

̫ڵأؿڿ޺ҵӭӭŶ󰡣ɱˣ̫վȥлˣ㣡㲻ȥˣΪŮҪˣǣŮ࣡ںһպһɾ˭

̫⻰㲻ˣã⻰ʲô˼ôеһɾˣ˭أ
̫תĳ죬ΪҲ֪үǰԷ磬ĹŮҪǱ˽ˣҿȥȥ꣡

лŭˣĳĪ̫ˣԼŮҲš
лңСſԼҪĸȥϵģ˶ȥԼ͵͵ȥû˱Լ˭أ
лȵǣôĻһأǰ˶ˣɽˣ붼¡СŽңܲίƤûСô񣬱̣˻ֱ׳ؼôȥ˵Ҳɾʡ˷顣

̫һһƣ˵һ飡
ССлŭ𣬡ˣͣ㣡

ֿ̫ץл˲򣬡㻹֮ͣǰôͲɹҹ˯ž𣡡
лŷ̫ȥ
ǡ

̫ϲ̫Ưǰүϲһ⣬ԺҲùˣڵлûƷˣʧƣԺɾΨԼлһֱԣʵСߣСôȥģøҸɡ
л룬ǾʵϾ˶ӣȥûãܵ·׹ˣû衣
װʹýڱǣСţҲǸŮˡ

лл٣أô
лңʣбЩ̣ˣôˣ·˸ģ
лȷ̵Цֺÿأ˶㲻
лû˵

ȫĬϣֻ̫غЦһŶ𣿴ѳĻǹ

лͷϣùȴлٵ磬㻹ʲôлţôһˣ
лٲ˵ֻл棬ȴ棬һܻŮԼ̧ͷկʱ߹лҲǣǹµأȫûŮ

̫ͼӴףô˵ǿţ£ҪСǰ㣬Ҳܱºڣ⡭ٲýۣҥԿη
лӻǣֶ˵¾ͲлҲ֪ɢȥٷڷѲŶסҥԣ˵;;УˡͻȻˣⲻñ˶ʣʱסַﶼ֪лҵĹﱻ˽ɽַ˻ԼҪ棬Ǽûôˡ

лٲǷϻлˣȥүү
л˶ʱðɣүүлԺߣȳһ£лǰ㵹˫ְڵϡ
̫ЦһСߣ㻹֪أ˼Ѿȥһˡ

лסԴһ£ʹ̣վл˴һҹȥ
Ŭ򶨣үүôģ

̫ģ
лپԴ˵ģҪȥȥ

л˿ĸѱģᣬԸҶȥ
Ҷɣ
л˾ȳлٵĸ첲ִһ£ˣȥ

£лٵڵأͻȻǹлˡ
Ժһ˾

лȻؿа㣬л֮ԼŮˣǹǹӣ
лѸ̫߬סڻ̫⧲סŵֱ

лۣˣˣˣ
лǹڴ̫ԴֻҪүү
̫ŵֱҴȥҴȥ


лͥлĹ԰лѹŶ̫ĹǰĹϵ֣۾ᣬٿعȥ
̫ſ˵ϣɿԼŹлߡ

л⣬бǹͽǹлˣǹлٵĺԣӣڲ˵߱㻹к湶кڡ
лͻȻվתǣŵ˺һ

ΪŮĸײǿ-գ͸ɱ㣬̥
лķǹ顱һӵлٵۡ

ˣл֮ӽлҺ޹ϵҾ͵ûŮҹԽԶԽã

л˹ˣأΧЩԼЩѪԵˡƴȫϧҪصļҡ

Цһתָлͥ£˼ͷ
һ˲Ȼо࣬κǣҡ


л޴ȥںЩǮʱ֧һε
лҸҼұ˵Сùסţѡ˸ķ䣬պ͸ܿлҵĴš
һˣҲԼ

죬û
лٲˣԼδȫѹһϡҸıĻ

дֻлٲ֪ԼʲôīֽǮòȥһһ̽ߵĻǿάֳס


°ؼңлǰձһλųСӽһ֮
лתͷһİס

ϸһ֮㣡
лٲףֽõձ߽ǣ

Ѧ塣
л֡

Ҹлѣǰ棬Ӧòǵˡ
лٶʱүүǸҪܸԼѧɡ

˵£ʲôҪĵطҡ
ãлллٲ߿

Ѧ㲻ظҿҸлҶ»Լȥˣܻ֪
лͣ½Ųû˵𣿡
ţ

ұ˽ɽˡ
֪Ѧüû˾ͺá

ҸȾ֮ˡ
Ѧʱˡ

лټǰߣһԼҲ֪үүҲȥˣ
Ѧָ˰ϳˣסģ
лû

Ҫˡ
лٲȤϲ㡣

ҡһЩõĴԣûõȥԸһߡ
лپĪЦſҺ㲢죬ڳչңɲأллĺ⣬벻Ҫٸˡ

Ѧͣ·УԶлٵıӰ
겻øˡ


лٴЩӻ裬ΨһҪľǶǮԼСˡ
ˣ۾ᣬ˯˱һ¾һߡ

Ȼ洫һˬʵЦ
ͷһ𣬶ʱ±ʾܡõ·ˣһһݣ⿴Ӱ֪

лŵĽֵԼЩЦ
Լһ£ȥ䡣ߡ


ڶлފлסõ¥¡
лԴûɽ·٣ֻ֪һǹ·΢˽ţӦ²ˡ

лٴлފȥ˷䣬лފ룬ŷڼªʩһȥɡ
лûĻĸˮ𣿡

лފ߹ȥסȥ͵˵˵
лƿ֣ͦá
ãﶼá
ҸȥлҡлЦЦ֮ǰӳиͷүүˣҲûҪǼҡ˵л˶ҶϾϵˣҶͲԶ㣬ŷ磬һǲȥˡ

ĸ㻻طסס
ãҾͦõģסġ

лފ̾˿ĸԲǡ
ʲô¡лĸ첲ȥɡ

лފϵ߸壬㻭ʲô
׬Ǯ

Ĳϧˡлފ۵ؿȻҰóȥ
ҹˡ

ߣȥ
ȥݡ

ȥݸʲô
Ͷүүһѧ壬֪£ʶ𣿡
лފҡҡͷû˵

ǰҸүүʱȾиСԺȥͶӦܰı¡
Ĳ
š

лފ̾Ϣһȥ
ãҶһ˴ɽܻˣôûµġл˼̣ĸ磬лң͸ȥˣ°Ժ

лފֲµɽϵˣ
š

Ȼ˳Ϊ֪٣лފüĪ˸飿¶ʲô
ĸˡ

㲻Ը˵ͰˡлފȡǮЩǮһš
лٽ£ȱǮˣԺỹ㣬ллĸ硣
绹˵ʲôлފͷĸûãס㡣

лЦ֣ˡ
лފҲЦ£ˣϲĸ㣬ǹлފ򿪰װ
ҲСˡлٻһУлл硣


ȥ죬лފҪϳ߱л˷֣˼
лվڵá

·˿߿ߵСձɱôˣֲҪ˵˻Сձ

лٱ˵ֻǡˡ̫Уתͷȥҧгݵģһ죬ʲôˣձôˣ
˰̾ˣռúܡ

лٺĴֽŶ̶ֶ̼֣ڷ
ô㣿

лٿѱֽͨˡ
GСû°ɡ







31.  31   ʬɽ

лٸȥɽ, תü˳ŽݡóȻɽܣȥңȴҴűϷ, Ҷ

лȥһ˴һ˵, Ҫ˺裬ԱߵŶĬĬ

µ, ˵ǵˮģѲк󸣰˵ձɽɱ, ¹ϵСģûһġ
µôݣǰ˸ǽʲôԹˣ֡
˵˵ǰɽͷӴɱ˺ܶӣһձǺͺɱˣձɽ˵Ǳ, ʵǱúȥ, ôãһ̸ֱ£, ͷðһˣռ˿, ˭

¸̾Ҳɽüǧذɣ
ҡͷɲǣɽסŵֲȫ, ӹʲô, ˾ɱ

üسܣ
ܸƨҵСձ𣿱˵سǹĶ˵ʲôбܣ, Ͻ׷ǸûȣĻ˵ˡҿСձǹΪΪҪ

ģҪ᲻ץ׳Ƕȥ̣
裺˵׼㿴ڶһһģҰȻҰɽռúˣʲôõúԺҪʶҪ
ﹷյġ

²ط²豭úǵĻǰ˱Ҿͳ£ԺСձפˣֻ֪ʲô
ĴȣҪú˾ǣձӲɣ³
㶮ƨʲôˣˣƨɣʱ䲻ˣȥˣǮ㸶

¸ҪߣлٸϽסһ¡
¼Ǹ绨СЦ˻զѾͷ
Ҹ˵ɽ˵£֪֪ôˣկٵҡ

ʣǲǺҺõǸ
ǡлֱͷڴؿ˵Ϣ𣿡
û˵ͷ룬ǼҵĿ϶ܲ

лټʣӳǸ
´𣺡ҾͲ֪ˣҲ˵ġ

лɫҰס
´˸ʲôɽݣ
лûлش𣬡ձ˻ɽ𣿡

ʣ㲻ɽɣȰɽɽȫǹӡ
֪ˣлл㡣лתˡ
ºֶһ䣬ǰﹷյĶˣɱɵҳ尡


лٴ˰ҵסʰ׼ȥൺͶݣһлŵøϽͷĻһأ١ٷˣš

أ
Ҳ֪ȻԼƣٷˣҲˣӻ̫ͣҾˡ˺ͷײʯͷ˹ȥʱ͵Ρ




лٶƽӣ󿴵ʲôʱ򣿡
ʱ̫ˣûٵҡ

أ󵱼ңأ磬կկЩˣ

կͽʸ˹ӵͼùҹﲻկӰɱôˡãûüˣȻʹһоŸȫɱˡ

˭
ζҵĶӣҵø硣

أկѱˣ
ûУ˵ְʱˣȻ͹Ӵٵһȥˡ

Ȼأ
򲻹װáʱǵ˺һ󣬴Ѿûˣ˭ϹӰڣкüѻǹס

Ȼˣ
ͷٷˣҰɡ

ӳ𣿡
ҡͷ

лĶˣʲʲôЧϢվת뿪
ٷˣȥģҪɽɽΣգȥ

лת俴һ𣬲ӡ
лٵ˶ûҪ߾͸Ͻ߰ɡ


лҪȥǼһʬ壬Ҳȷǲ͸ˡ
ձռɽҴȥԼɽܵһҵǿϻ˳ˮ··ɽ

ɽŻҽһֵζ
лٵɽʱѽƻ衣

կջٽ룬ʬЩ֫δոɾѳһСɽ
лٱǰ˼Ų¡ڵϣӥʳд⡣

ûһġòʬ壬Ҫȥ


лɽկ˸飬ͼѰЩ˿
ںտԺڿһӵʬ壬͸ǵķ϶лԼһĨɫƺǸϣȷˡ

л޷ǰʲô⶯ӦƴĻס
ôںտԺ

лٻͷԵߣ˴Ϻտʬ塣ûбչ⣬Ϊʬգ帯ã̵Ķ
лʵܲˣſű۵˳

Щ
û⡣
γԡء졢ˣкǡ

Ц¡
ؼǵÿһϸڣǵ£ǵúտŵش򣬼ǵðĸӯˡĴЦ

ǵú峺˫ӿŲ׳ǺӣظԼĳڶ˰ɡ


ҹƣɽ
˷ŭ˱ʹʻûа㰮ԸΪѳ顢Ϊȥձ˱ĵز

Ҫ뿪
ҹ·̫գҹƵûɽ·ϡ
ҵһСƳµĲ֫պöѷŽһûըٵķ䡣

лŹΪѰһڷ絲ķĹİǧ˳졣



Ҿǰ֨
ЩΣǰļ䡣

Ĭˡ
˵վ߽㡣

ٿ׿⡣
ʲô

Ȼ䵽ǰ֮ǵ𣿡
ûȫһİϤļ

䣬߿
죬ðɣɡ

֨
ƺħľۿȣ᲻Ծص

ޡ㿴ȥ侲侲˾ĮǰǸ꣬ŵţ±˲֪ĵһ㲨Ȼؼң裬·ٺȱˮЩһȥ㡣
ģ
ġ

û˵תֱȥ
һֱ̻꣬ûҲǱڲгˡٵȥ̨·俪ʼ衣

ˮܵ巺졣
ͣطԼֱۡӶǷ桢ʬ壬侳ɽ˷ʬζ
ǸӡǴӰӾĻټҲͬܣЩѪܵĲ״ʻӡ˿־塢޴롢Խܡ
ˮµ̣ɻǾú䣬䡭


̧˫֣·ܿմѪӡʹ꣬յץԼͷ֪ôȥڻЩµļ䡣


ź˵Щ꣬ͷҲ˰ɡ
űڴϣϻᶶţԿ֡
ǰ

һ̣ĺȻеĲ˲ɢ
΢ţ˵ĻֻҲܳңҪϧԼ壬

ǰǰϵЩҪԶԱȻժñ𣿡
ûлӦ

Ȼվ˴ϡ
΢΢ôˣ
뿴

Ĭ˰Σ˵°ɡ
ϡ

£㿴
ȥ

ǰ̧ȡ¶ϵĴñӡ
ǰӷҲٶͦЩˣˣҲɣˡ

һԲعĦãעתϡȫɫģЩɫ·޵ʣ۾ôˣ
ûô

ǰ֮£ӷᣬժҿ
Բ𣿡

룬Ǿժ֣ɼȻסһ¡Ʋˡ
ʶ̧֣ΪȥᣬֶڰգԼǸַޡ
ĸ۰ɡ

ܼˣûϹֻֻ˵㶫ʾˡ
ؿ

ǿ޵ģ´ҾͲˡ
Ͻᡣ

˵˵ˡ
ֱͷ

ʲôˣ
ˡ
һ£תȥЦһ£ֻͷǡ

ұ˽ɽ
أ

ǹһץ㣬
ţأ

ҵñɱˣĥңȻɱְ֡ĿɱˣܵĽ볤õ֪񼫡
㿴Ŀգתע⣬ǵʲô
һֱңǡҧҧ촽ͷиЩܵĻ棬㡭

һ󰲾
̫˽ˣһ⸱飬֪Щʲô

ץŴ壬Ͻתƻ⣬ǵȥҲμ磬ձϮɽկҼ㲻ھͻڱֽϿǵϢȥ㡣ٲܵɽ

Ȼأ
Ȼҿկӱɷ棬˶ˡɽ˺ӣͻȻͶˡԼԴôҲ벻
Ǵ˿ɫࡣ

Ҽǵ˵İģȥˣʲô£
˳

Ȼأ
Ȼƽ

Ϊʲôûң
ˣûҵ

Ϊʲô벻ǾҲû𣿡
˫ûС

ƭҡ
Ĭˡ

ûнΪʲôʶңһӣҸǵ˭һֱ㣬֮϶ʲô¡ڲʣܸң淢ʲôôģôģ
̹֨ؿҲ֪ôģҲ֪ʲôʱģظû֡ҿԸ㣬ǴηֱٴַֿˡҲ֪ǸսҵʱͰڹǰֵһᡣ
гʹ

֨ô˵Ļ㻹𣿡

Ĭעź㡣
ǰǸɾ͸۾ȴһ̶ˮûа㲨

ǿԼЦҡͷǰģģԸ񶼱˺öࡣ
ǵõʮʱҡûѾһٶˡ






32.  32   궤
֜

һֱ𣿡
㲻

𣿡
ˡҲܳʱһ, ʱĸⶼ¡

˿Լָ
Լ

˵秵ġ
ô
š

ǳʱڵظʱĹţ˵ҲӰ졣Ƥ΢΢ЩԵɫ, 㲻ϲ𣿡
ҡͷ, ûУͦõġ

Цһ, Լ¶һ˿̹⣬Ϊ⣬ΪԼۻˡ
Ȼͷ

ôˣ
Ĭ룬ٴ̧, û¡

Ը˵
ȻĻ̻ˡ

Ļ䣬ͷ
վҸˡ

Ҳվ, ѹ, 㻹𣿡
ˣԾܾ֮ǰļ, ȴܲڵİ֨ð

Ž, ˲ûӰ
˰ɣ

㶣ĪΧһжòеĸо


ӭȥ, е
˵Է, ʲôŹǡϡཷһ㡣

㡣
ʱļǵӿ˽·ղŻΧһ
§̵ļ߽


ڶ, ҪȥѧһۣϢһ죬ûӦֻȥѧУ
е磬ֻѧͳѷŵĻܶյԾǣֻĸо
պԾӢαűŲ֪ؾˣӷطǰĻ档

ͤ⧲ſļϣһˣһ׼ѧȥأ
ŵһӣˮˣ
𣿡ͤصλ£̧첲ǰɨɨ͵ġ
š

ʲôˣôûѧУˣ
е㲻ûʲô⡣
ðɡͤóСԼŵͷԾҶպˣɣܶ඼ˡ
ţлл
ʲôˣżһȥ氡

ӣѧУҪż٣ó⼸첹ΣҲȥˣȥɣҪЩдꡣ
Ǻðɡ


£ûӼϰ¿Σ߳УţͿڶ¥ĺ㣬Ա߻վ䣬ֶŵġǰļ䣬ټŮںߣЩ

ȼ߽С·ˣߣɫãʲôˣ
ҡҡͷǰߡ
ںͷû˵

һ·Ĭֱ¥¡
ʵڱﲻסˣˣתʣ˭
㿴ı飬΢һ£𣿡
š
ǰһϷġ

ʲôϵôʶģʶˣȥŴĴָȥǲϲ
ҰãŮ֮顣ͣѣδҲЩǰ鲢ûȥ˾˼Ư˲۸Ѳʹһֱҡ

˿ͻȻŮģʮɣ
ʮš

 ô͹ˡ̾
ȻЦˡ

Цʲô
Դˡ
ûУʲô׺óԵġæͣԵãûС

ˡ
ȵģ̇ȷ磬ʮôôȣ

㿴ЩСֵķ϶͸ɫĹ
ڰؿˣôð̹ˣ

ԣȥͼӿĿ⣬ûʲô¥ˡ
лټƫ㣬û׷ʣأ

飬Ͳˣ㣬
á

ȥɡ
¥ֻͷټ
ţټ


ȥǮˡ
ȥѾڶǮĹŵöҪ׷ӿ
Թ㻹˼£

㲻Ļȥ֨￴ŵ㡣

Ҫȥ
Ҫʮһ⼸춼

ȥ
ߣʵıʡ


ȥ˽ٷһ궤ڡ
ǸǧĹԭڶ£ʮһű˹Żɫۣͷףӳ£ƮȻʿ

ڵϺ«꣬ƤһۣƵʵҪǸʲô

֮ǰأǿ궤ƣٷһǲǻ㡣
ЦһȷʵôΪҪ

̹˼¡
ǰжţ˵ѲʹǸ֣һϯҲ֮⣬Сﱾ飬⡣ôеתδҲôˡ
һٶӰ졣

ɲñõġº«۵ѲʹҪƻ޵ģѹסҲ˵ʹʹĶޣĹ»Ұ㣿


ʲôΪͲ㡣
ҡʹͷԵüֱ΢㡣

бһۡ
죬Ļ궦˼ʮ궼ûһģȴΪһһ̾Զ㣬Ҳʮʱ䣬һȡ
ҵȲˡ

-ޣЦһӣǣαⰲ궤
ǲˣ

߰ɡ
ô꣬Ȳȥˣû취󷢣㲻ңҲҪհҹҹ٣ܵظֻҵģ
ûΣˣҺòҵô˶ףҪ֮ˣһŵղðĻ꣬ǣó

Ϻ«ڰգĺˣŻ˺«ҡҡͷȷʵҪһ
㵥ϥأ̹ⷭӿʹ̡

ȡ궤ϣⶫζ֪ģٷһܲס
̧ͷж¶ƶؿ궦ʮ궼ŹˣһӶѡ

ôһѹѹҲֱӽ궤Ͷڣ֧Ųס˫ϥأżͷͷŵأס
˵Ǻο࣬ŵĻΪ۵ؿʹطҡҡͷ̾ϢһȡһָֻȥԼʹ࣬һʱɡ

ɰ궤̲˵ģòһ˲䣬ʮһصʹ
йη


дҵ⴫ϽƿƮԶ
֡

ҡͷķԶ㣬Ҳҿ
짰ڸķ䣬һһҳȫȥ̨ϡ

ſ
վſ

ҡһΣվŸʲôѽ
ôƮŲ𣿡
۰˵͵
Ц㻹ɡ

ת壬ſڴƣ˾ˣ㣬Ȼ㣬ʲôΣսҾС
ŮԼˣȻ֮ǰ׵¸е˵ʮꡣ
ѽ䳯˸ۣǲǺƯ
ͷţƯ

ЦǰǳϷġҪû˵ͺˣǧء
˼ʳڣ˵֮ǰѡ
ڰ֣㣬㲻ҡ


кܶûﻹû㣬ʲôʱʶģ
ʮꡣ

㣬￩һ£ʮ꣬Ҳһꡣһй̫಻õ飬ôʶģ
Ϸһ

˭
Фư죬һ


ͷвУ粻Ҹ˵ġ
˵һ㡣ڴؿһ㡣

ܲסĥðɺðɣĸһ㣬ɱŶ
ֱͷ

ʶʱһ۵ϰ壬Фѣʱӱƽ㡣ϲԾȥϢ

ФȫûȤǺأ
˰żϡ㡣ǸرáҾˣͲ֪ˡ

Щ
ֻܺ˵Щˡ

ʲôģ
תתӣ֪֪

Ǿˣ
䱳Ҿˡ

úúãҲˡ
ת

֪۾ô𣿡
˵죬֪࣬Ҳ˵ġ
ţ˵

ʮһѡʮѲʹÿһҪˮģǰһΪʮһ¡Ǹ統ôҲȣ˱˺þá

ʮһʲô
һõµרŹ˼λ֣꣬˾ûм¼ڲġѲʹε˼䣬רŹΥÿһ϶Ļǰ׻ޣϴδɫġ

ţ˼ôֻʮѲʹܵĹ𣿡
ѽֲȫҪΪ

Ȼأ
˵ˣ
㱻˺ܾá

ԡԸɢҲԸǰ£û취ҪһŽ۾ʲôҾͲ֪ˣֻ֪רġҴӼʼһֱ֣һκע͵͵ժˣŷͫɫģʵֵģ֪ΪʲôҪס
Ȼð̹⣬ԭѹǰܶң˵ԼһΪֻûˡ

ǿΪǵ̰ɡ
̣
۽̡ǰµģҲ󰡡Цû뵽绹³ء
˼

㰲ѧϰɣҾڸŶҡ
̧ۣѾûӰˡ






33.  33   

ͤѳУˡ¿κ, ԼȥԷθڲ̫ãֻһСһ
ż, ȻǰԼԼʮ, Ե÷θأЦЦ, Ķ棬֮

˿ΧѧУʳãô, סﲻ㽲
û°ҾͿ㡣ֳó𣿡
óԡҧڵȥ, ҴʳúŵСߡ

ʱҶȥԷ, ûˣߵſ, ôˣ
һص㰡

ѧУܰȫ
ðɣҾ, £ùҡ

֪Ҫ˵ʲôһ仰, 㻹æ𣿡
ʮһ, Ҳûˡ

ƮһȦôûǸ
ڽˡ

Ŷ
á

Զѧ߹ȥȻһС
䲻һ, ƽԼǰ֮ܲܽһã

Ҫ
ԶǰͷƮţ죬òã
Ҫʲôո㡣

鷳ֱͺˣ
ȻܣǼľܾǺðɣþҴỹҪϰ

Ҫϣһ˳ȥ
ԭأͻȻûӰˣĵؽ䡣
䡣
ˣᱻʲôץ˰ɣ

ൽԶһ···£ʹҴˣ´βˣ֤磡
֣һȣʹ˾ûϺ㱻ĵ

䲻˼ؿԼ˫֣ҾȻƶˣ
ż磬΢΢ñܸססüͷ

̫Ծչʣ磬ôˣ
˳˿ֱҡ

䵣ĵ㵽ôˣ
շ˸궤ϡ

ûף֮ǰǸˣ
ûϣַһ

䲻⣬˻һΪʲô
С

˼ǰ󣬴ЩüĿΪ֮´߶ãð궤Լ
̫

ûˣƤӣŭۣ˻𣬡ộԼҲԼԶˣֲͨĶӣһˣǲˣҪǻɢˣҿɲտ
ѵ

źѹ㶼ѾôˡƲƲ죬˲ģ㰮żżôͷȫˣǵ£Լȥٽˣ
㲻ܣԶҸӦ



׷ǼڵϹתٶܶ࣬䵽ǰ
һϲһżոͻȻˡ
Ұߵġ

˿æ𣿡
ţæˡ

е߽һ뿴𣿡
ûлش𣬡̧

ףˡ
Ҳ̧֣ƴ΢΢̧ʣʲô𣿡

һ£ҡҡͷôˣ
ʱɿǣؽҰɣѧټ

ЦŴӦá
ȥɡ


ϣ짿Ӽͻؼȥ˹ҡ
˯ˣŽ˷䣬ٻ㣬ͼǰ

ĵطʲôʱģ
һֱ㡣

ûй𣿡
ûС㱳ţȻȡ¶ñӣȥϴϴɣ㡣

ˣȻ䷢̣æ˳ȥ
ţžԼͶͨ졣ˮͷˮе㶪

裬侲ãص䣬ӿԼ

˶ãſڣˣ
ţ

㿿ӣΪˡ
εЦЦֱۡ

겻ǲԴʵ𣿡
š

Ϊʲôԣ
Ҳһꡣÿλãˣ˵ˣдҵ

һĻѧϰ죬д
Ѿˣһ绹Ҫѧ

ʮӡ
ʮҲСºͣȴֲݾܾУдҲߣ㡣

ӡ
Эá

ĵǰ泯Ϊʲôһֱûȥתأ
ڵظ١

ٺ𣿡
档

Ϊʲôǵ
ǵ롣ЦЦû˸ֽ

ֽǮҿո㡣
Ҫ𣿡
ð

ڻҪ
˴ѧͿԳȥְˣò˼Ϳϰ׬ǮҪʲôҿո㡣

Ȼ˻ͷ
ʣôˣ

ڶ궤δָãԲ㣬Ÿķ
ģ˵û¡

ʮһʲôӣ
ʱ˵ʲôˣ
Ͻ𣺡û˵ʲô˵ȥʮһ顣

ӵˡ
ðɡϰᣬ֮ǰǿ㲻͵͵ߡ
á

˳ʮѡ⣬һסˡ
ݸֽһҳһҳǺͷ

ץץͷ
㿴ķ꣬ôˣ
⡣

⣬ż
̫ˡԴۣԼĿͻȻʵ𣿡
ŲĿ⣬ϣҲᡣ

̾˿ˣȥɡ
˵Խô⡣

ţ
Ӧ壿㻭˺þõķš

йʽС
ҿ


㶢鱾

ٷ
£Ͻһҳܿ͵Сµһҳ
һˡ

ϵĶǻġҪƵģҲᣬ⼯һ
ûŸղⲻĿĬӡ

֪ģ˵ȫİ򣬲ſôһᣬôܽó
ӹȥ
ôҲǰ취ǰô԰һˣʾװΧѶȸߣʦýþء
A

ЩţϽ濴۴𰸣A

㿴ı飬΢ЦЦᣬҪҽ𣿡
ţð

ѱ
ŶסʣͻȻԼƵԼдۣؿŲݸֽһн̣оݣ߼˰ҳֽ󶨸һ2ϡ

ϸһп̫ˣû뵽㲻ǹúãǸѧԡ㵱Ҫǲˣ죬˵йֶһˡ
ʮ߰ʱ϶ɵػһ䣺ӿȫܡ˻䣬Ҳ䣬ʮ·ǰȫģ

ϲ̧ͷҪ߿ͺˡ£һˣ߿ңǺף
ײȡ
ðɡ

㿴ǴϲתΪį˵ĻҲԡ
ţģ
㿪ľͺáһ˵ЩѣҿѧҲڿ㣬㻹ǲ͵

Ϊʲô
ѧ֪ʶкôܴʲôѧϰǼֹ¡˵ģҲˣĴģ˵һ·ǰй۸ʶ⣬֪ʶƼǺҪĶսʱǵǿһ㣬Ҳٺܶͬ
ˣ
ƶڣΪǱڣΪ

ǸСǳˣ˵©ˡ
ûӦ
˵˱ǲǵȥˣ

Ȼϵıʷһͷ⧲һ£มؽгһ౻õĵطҸ
Ҫ˷ʱˡִ߶ץѧϰ

סǱʣԼ
ѧȥһôãٲ㶼ꡣգգֻۣǲģ㿴ЩĿдŻ⣬˵ѡӰ㣬Ҿ뿪
ûӰ졣

רһ㡣
á

ͷ⣬Ŀ񣺺úǰ淢£Ǹô϶ǡҲ֪ܲǰһӻָ䡣

룬úÿ⡣


ô֪ʲô
ʱ귢Ϣܹܵ

ҲǱ㿴͸ˣ
ͱҿ͸ˡ


Ȼʣǲǿ¿ˣ

ԣǰʣ졣
ܿΣ

Ҳ֪ѧУ߰ɡ
ġ

ʲôģĪڴ
ܲܿǰӮˣҿԻش⡣

ģ
ġ

ˣҾͲˣ㿼ǰ㡣
˵վҿǰش⣬𣿡
Ҫˡ

һӮġ
ЦЦôš

ȥ׼д⣺ǰǹҲӮ㡣
Եظɢ̹ȥñӣʧڷ䡣

Ȼ²ٿΣҵӻԣ⼸˯һ㣬һӦû⣬ʱɲˣʲô㶼̧ۿȴֺ㲻ˣ㡣

㡱






34.  34   ˺

짾ͲƼı, ǽ𴲵ĵ߱顣
ҹ󣬼ֺ˼ܾã˺ҹշתôҲ˯ˡ

, ˫޾ɵˢ, ææģʱ߶, ߴЩ
緹Ϲͼ켾һ죬Ծ¤İӣ˸ܵ

˯߲, ͷۻģθҲѣһ˼ѧȥˡ짼ɫ, Щ, ų߶һ·˽УſڻԵ㣡ٻؼң

ûгٵ, ŵ˰༶ͤŸڳ, Ͻջȣôþˣ
˯ͷˡ

û˯ۺġ
ͦõ, ˯ｫԾ鱾һͳ, ںá

ָͤţ̹غڣ, Ծҳ
ңֱӽһӵݸżģкܶġ
û£ҲҺáͤͳԼհ׵Ծʼ
㻹ǡ°仰ջߣҳӢⷭһҳĵʣƫƫͿؽ˳ghost

Цʲôأͤһ߷ܱʼ飬һıе˼飿ǿĸСͬѧˣҪҪǣߴţ
ƺûע⵽ԼЦݣ̧ס飬ûС

Ҳҡͤһ塣
Ȼǰ𣿡

ͤͷԾЦһŰ
ˣȴҵǰǸϺС㣬ѧ裬۷ȹ£һ΢ЦϺ̲Ϊҷ񡣡


ͤƤƳһۣЦ۾ϸվϲģҪҪһ£
Ҫ飬ûĿŹ𣿡
Ű
Ȥ

󡣡
תȥ

ͤЦôô棬Ҳ̫ƭ˰ɣ˵йŰĹ
ûˣ̾дɡ

Ҷŵ㣬ʦ˽Ұ
á


һ춼ûм㡣Ϊ¿øΣͷɣμʮҲŹ̫ҪˣζԼӮ

ʧˣֻΪӰԼѧϰʧ죬ɿԽٻ㶼ûг֡
ЩģϴΪѲʹڹ鷳

컹һβŷż٣ϰ
ѧϰŷѧԽʱ·Խŷӹ޲ص

ɻصң㻹ûг֡
ſϣĵתűʣǰӵεδһҲȥ


ڶ죬ɼţ룬ȴһҲ˲һǰͣˡһ㲻ˣϲ˷ø⡣
һ춼޾ɵġ

¿¥
żˡ

ûӼͷɥԼ߻ؼҡ
վһͩµ

һ̣Ųסֵûһ߹ȥ
û˵ĬĬں档

ȲĽͣƣڰ಻סͷʣȥˣ
Щ񡣡

ô˵һ
·ͻȻûüѾԸȥΧܰȫй㡣
ҲʲôңҪǣҡ״Σҵ㣬ҲϴͻȻֲˡһʲô£ʲô˾Ϊ㣬Ͷ̥ȥҵȥ
̲סЦЦģġ

һЦʱͲˡ죬еСڣתͷߣ˵ˡ
̨ף㵲ǰԲӦǰ㡣

ȥÿ
´ˡ

ҡ
£ô
ȥӰʱ˸ǰʱӳһƬӣһֱͦȥġ

ʲôʱ򣿡
죬ż٣ҽ쿼ˣϢһ£ȥɡ

ô
ųɼʱȲ㣬ȫ˵
š

ȥӰ𣿡
á

ɲڣһдҵ
á

ЦЦǻؼҰɡ


۲ˣˣôô磿
ż١

˰ɣһᡣţ̺ͱɣȵӡ
ţ̻ط䣬ؽţŸҿڣǿ˵

˲Ƶߣֿţ̣ȻѧϰҪȥ棬ѧ㡣
üҪԷˡ

ûãѧСʱ
Ļ죬극ѧ
㲻

òãڴؿտԣ۵ġ
ӡ

áţ̣ߺȱ߿⼸ȥʲôѽ
ץһ

Σ𣿡
ãֻеƻ˵ʱ䡣

ʲô񣿡
һ

ǲǵñ
ǡ

ǲǾȥץЩ
ǡ

бȽץ𣿡
Уǰһ׷һ¡

֮ǰϲһɫĶôûˣ
Ǹаױޡ
˵Ǻ

˵ʲôˣ
ûʲôˣϣʲô˵һ̣´ܿİױ𣿡
ܡ

Ϊʲô
̫أ㲻á

ûϵģҾͿһۡ
С

һ
㻹аӡ
ˣϻ𣿡
ûС

ǿɲߡǿѧϰ
á

ɲԡ
ʱˡѧϰˡ
ðɣôϸ񡣡

Ҫʱ˵˾Ҫء
ЦſڸҼöࡣ

Ƭ̣ʱٲ¡
̾ҳԾһįѧϰ

㸩ͻȻЩϾʮ꣬ǲ̫Ͽˣ֨
̧ţ

ӡ
ϲ͸Ų˼顣

ӡ
ã


ûԶڸһҹ
΢Ƿ׷׶ȥҲȥһϢᡣ

ҵΧҴܣСغ硭硭硣

ǲټ𣿡ۣбһۣˣ
䵹ϣһԹ˭

£
û°

ʲô
û²㣿һ̫ˣеȥͶ̥
ãȥʮҪ
˵أ˭ҪͶ̥Ҳˡ

֣úվš
죬ҲҪܣְҵ˰ɡ

Сû㣿
СӣһŶǸСƨܵûҿ죬˦ˡ

ԼŰ죬ʵڽ˵Ļҡ
ʲôˣҵĹɱС

סһơ
Ǵǰأҿɲ㡣Цһ˭һء
ѾָĲˣһԡ

˻Դתƻ⣬
磬㰢֨ȥ档

ߣСȥʮһٱ㣬ְȨŮ
ȥɡ
һ̷ˣ˵ģһȥǮɡ


ϢƬ̣ΧתתȥңӦ˽Ӱ
짽ѵϢ˵ҪͬѧȥͷҪ㣬ȵȡ
ãȥˡɿؼ¥ݡ

·ߵ£ԶЦųܹȥ߰ɡ
˹һţʣû㣬ȥˣ
תתѵ˸Ϲ

Ϲ
ҪЩǮ¹ȣϱϣĥʹü졣

Ȼأ
ûȻȭ
ˡ

㿴£ۡ
ҪǮ𣿡
ûС

ô
ϣͲÿˡ

㸽ԡбһۣҸһ¡
С壬ܲҡ

ǲһԾ֪ˡ
ԣʡ
Ĭ˻ᣬʵҾΪʵԭ򡣡
Ŀǰ࣬ڣԺ󲻻ˡ


ˣжʮӲŽ
ŲԶ޻Ǹ
ȥɡ

ϲһֻС׹ץ˰˴Σڰյȥץˡ
йһΡ

Ϸң۾ؿצӣ½صšצˣС׹Ҫʹ˵Сڰգצӵ
ץˣĵȡٸ㿴׸磡
·ֵؿſ˵Ͻջ֣װµģȥ˵ɡ

һţⲿӰǺܻȴڣҲܶ࣬Ʊ䲻ˣܲƮڰհɡ
˵ǣΧλȫǿյģһԷĴ󵨵˵Ļˡ

ӰǸհƬޣһֱƽƽڲвһҲûȥʱԵĺһۣЦضӫĻһƤһ¡
ֱ۷ϣ峯ķ㣬Ϳͼע⡣
ɺ㲻ɽ㷴ӦûС

ûƫͷȥ˵˾䣬ÿ𣿡
ÿ

ǰӰ𣿡
ûС㿴úÿӰһֱ񡣡
ޡˣǰ

Ӱû˵һ仰ֱȥһС˵ע⵽ӰŵĲֻˡ
˶ӣఢվڹȴ볡ҹȥ˵Ⱥ߳Ӱ

ſڵһСᣬų
˵ʲôˣ
ûʲôԹЩأЩ⡣

ʲô⣿
εЦЦĺĻС
㲻˵ˡԹˣסɤӣȳȥɡ

˳ӰԺСߡ
Щ󣬴ǰͷҷɡ
ô
е㡣

ȻֹڽűߵҶ£̧ͷ÷ͣµģ
š

㻹
㾫ͨ

㻹ʲô
ֱ̧ĳϣ̧һ̧ƬҶǰתȦһ㡣
ۡһƬҶӣ
СϷ

𣿡
ᡣ

ѩأ
Ҳᡣ


ЦˣֻǸɡ

ǣ𣿡
û

ҲǣҪеĻӦú£ԶԶİɡͻȻˣ㻹û˵ӰԺǸ¡
Ҳʲôϡ£ŮԼ˿Ӱ·ϳˣִ̫ԳǸӰͣ

ҲڵŮأ
ɣûʡ

𣿡
ûУȨơ

ʵͦ˵ģӦðȥ˵ţһƬҶžĴĶͷ
Ҷһ࣬ٹܱ£˺Լ
ҡţ۸Ҷ㡣
Ĭˡ

ִҶɳɳ졣
ؼ𣿡
һᡣ

Ҳٴһᡣ

ڳϣżһƬɫҶŸղץС׹ˣ׸ôˣ
ˡһ£ˡ

ĬˣͷŴӽżȥҶ֪ΰοԲҲʡ
ȥˡ𴽽ǣˣǰ

̧ͷӣסֱĿ⣬ĬĬŲۣ̾һȥظʮһоͦ˼ġ
˼á־ԣԶһӵ£˺á






35.  35   Сצ

һ, ̵Ⱦ۵Ѿڴϰˡ
µĸ, һйҹź˰, ڶۣ緹˯, 째绰ǵ˯졣

짿ˣĿǰҽԺֻͷӵִ, ؿ˵ֵٵطߣЩôӵ绰
˯ˣѹֻû

ײ˸, ҽԺ, ỹ£ȥ, ǲҪҡ
áû°ɣ
û£, Ȼ𣿱ˣҸǵ
ãȥ¸ͺá

Ҳ, Сĵ㡣
Ҳż, һ㡣

úãȹˣͷ˵
ټ

˵绰, ȥ̷俴һۣ˯ŵشţϵΧȹ˼ϴϴղǺܺãǼ򵥵ࡢ滹ûġ

СУ㲻Աߣؿרע¡ѴзŽСתȥˮſ㣬ʲôʱģ
деʱ򡣡

ôң
ŵ㣬֡

ˮų̨ôˣ
ˣ㡣˶٣˵ңˡ
ߡֱʶץ˸գָ飬ĬĬҪߡ

ûжʲô
ֲ
㡣

ҲҪ𣿡Ц˵
ոң
ѽ

̫鷳ˡ
Ҫ㸽ϳһ㣿ҵա

ñ£Ĵ䣬ҲóԶȥɣˮˡ
һŽˣһĿתؿŹİ档

һۣ˻֣㿴Źһ
ʲôأ
Ĭһᣬ˵ǰʱҺԱŪ˺ܾõ档

ˣڻӶǰ£סϽͼתע⣬ˣࡱ
˵һֱȥûǴΧˣЩ⣬顣

ոɣ鷳оԡ
ƿۿ´ΰɡ

ú˶䣬ôЩˡ
֪ʲôȥĶǱȹˣɣСĵ㣬ҳȥһ¡
ͷҽ

ճζˣôˣ
費Էһ㡣ȥţҶ˸㡣

ˣͻȻͲˣȥ۸졣̧̧ţһ㶼ˣصþô£
㣬ˤš

˳үүӡһ񣬽ÿӳСաһڣηˡ
ټӵ㣿
պã嵭á

극ʰȥˢ룬סطȥɡڻͨһ
һȥðɣʲô½ҡ
ȥȥɡ

ڼվţһ顣
̵ͻȻˣҽϢ
֪

ʹķɣ
з

ǽʲô


԰β˚G
ԣα겻αʱ˶ѡ

飬ȻǸѧĿα
Ҳꡣ
ò˼飬Ҳ߿
ǵûС

ֲԤУȻһ˵ӽ쿪ʼһѧϰҼල㣬͵



ɥһ졣
˵Ͳôһ㣡

짽ѧͷԵģôˣ鲻ã
ûá

ǵ𣿡
š

Ѿܰѧأôһοԣǳ⡣

Ŵ⣬Թس̾˿Ͳ֡
ʲô֡

ԼԴģôôģ
ԼѧżѧʲôʲôҪԼѹԺϲɺѧУͨѧҲֻҪ㽡ģҪ̫࣬¾ͺãҪû
ܵӦ

һô㣬֪Լ˵Ҳˡ
´οԻһ¡
ʮ죬Ҳ̫ˡ

ѹϴ裬ſϿԾԽԽһӵǽǡ

˸ʲô
ʱףվſڵĺ㣬Ʋ죬ˡ

ɼˡ
š

ڼ
ġ

ֻһѹĿˣҲǾͰ˵õģ⡣
̧ۿ˲ִȥˣ˵õĵ䡣

ЦЦô档
Ըķ䡣

ˣ
ü޿κεؿ㵽ǰǰĶԼǰҵĶԼˣӮġ֪ʲôʰɡ

ǡ
һηɵ㣬һΣҿɾҪϸˡ

ˡ
ʰɡ

ָ֣״ģʵôģ
ġ

ʮ겡
š

ʲô
ǵڶ𣿡
ǡһ֪

ͳɼͷࡢ֫壬ˣʲôҲ
µģ

üңЦ⣬⣿
Ͻҡͷ

ʡ
ɽկ飬ͷβ
һ̣ûձըˣˣɱˡ̫侲ˣἰЩµʱް˵ľԼ޹أȻ࣬ȽɽկǹͲ㣬ҩҲ򲻹˶ãǱȻġ

ôģ
ǹֱըˣʱӴŶɽһСɽ˿ڸȾգǣԶһҩϡͿҸλˡձûҵҵʬ壬ɽҲ֪ɽغܶ࣬ɽҴοͲóȻѣҺӲ㱻֣׸ˡ

Ȼأ
ǣȴӵǹ¡ʱһСƴӲͬ⣬С±غܶ࣬˵ɽڣպеǻᱨҲͬ⣬һȭΣˣѹѾɽ¡

߿ı飬Ц£Ҫ𣿡
ͷ

ҪľúûɱֵܣûûҹĸɻֿľɱӴѵļסһʱ䣬˺úȥ˶壬ǵ㵶Ǹ
ǵá

µ˲࣬һٶšҹĽɱ˼ʮصĹӣǵװͷֵܰѿ󶴸ըˡоפկѾˡֶսһֻʮˣڽȫˡ

ȭƣȻأ
飬ȥ㣬ң˵㱻̶ˣţɵҲˣȥˮ졣ĸҵңȥݣȥ㣬ûҵ

һȥˣҴҵܵϵɽկӱչˣҲҾͲǵˣʲôȥһ㶼벻̾Ϣһ̫ɺˡ
ҪúѧϰԼǿ󣬱˲Ų۸㡣ıһΪл֮顣

ѹſαϣǴԴ
ˣش꣬ѧϰˡҲҪȥѲ顣

ĻѧĽȥ̧ͷݵؿȻӷᣬˮۿתߣһᡣ

ᡣ΢ЦǰԸƫöࡣ
ţ
ǰǴ̣װ£һ⡣ʱȵ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˺ܶࡣ

գգۣסᣬ㲻ϲ𣿡
ʲôҶ㶼䡣

ûѾǴˡ˵ֻһݼ䡣
㿴˵ӣͻȻûӰһҿΪˣ㡣
㡪

߷ŵС׹ȻƮڰա
ȵؿ㣿

С׹ǰˡ
𣿡

Сצ̽Ķͷ
һ̣ԴˣȴóȥˮôҲղס

С׹ȥᡣ
ҪȥС׹˵ϡǰˣѧϰˣʱ䱦󣬲ڹȥûκ塣


߹˵Ż˴ϣأ
ȥһˡ
įءޡһ

Ȼ㡣






36.  36   ں

, ϼ
ԴУȥȻһֻɫĺǰȶ, ļϡ

ϲؿ, ֪Ǻ㣬˵, ΪԼպԷɶ֮ϡ
ܴ󣬺ڵƣֺÿġ

ǴؽҰɡ

ﵽƫƧĳ, ڵ߷ȥ߸ǰţˣתͷҪˡ

ͣǰһƬҶ, ˫ֵŴʯ, ųеҶ, ̾߿ѽָ˵̱ߣ⻨ÿ
ˡ

ջ, ĵֿصףˮࡣ˻ᣬƬҶôе㷺죿ϸȥ, е㷺졣

Լ, εؿ߰ɣȥдҵ
ɵļϡ
߱ߵĳ룬Ҳôġ


콥, һأڲƽƽСӡ
ѧϰţȴ⡣ǰܲ٣һ۵һ߹شŴһ߽źۺۡ

ưŮ٣һŮߣŮнϺλãͬѧ
յڶȦͷȻ
ϣ쿴
ǺǶӣ󣡡

еִ뼾Ķͷڵڰշɿ춶ᡣ
궯ۣɫĺ
Ư

ͷкҪץںӦ죬һбתɵĸߡ
߰࣬أǲȦʦǺץʲôˣǸĻñӣôҪҪһɰ

һЦ
ɵǰڡ

ԶˣҼͷӶôˣô棿
ûôĺ
ʲôǶӡ
Ҷô󣿡
ĶС

ۣ⳯˿ڿаҡڣŲ˸λãʾ
͵Цһȴٿ뿪壬ɸˣͷ

ϲ㣬ͷɡ
࣬ɽףӢ̨

ͤͷʲô߰ģ㻰ࡣ
ǣ̧ͷȥԶˡ


ܿʼ㲻짽Լѧˡ
һкţ짹æ鷳ΪԼ͡짲ģֻϸͤƭ˵˸Լһ·

ҹ·ԽԽ޿֡Ųʲô״ײʲôĶ㶼ܼʱ֣Լ
ɣҺþûˡ

ǵˣȦֳԭΡ
𣿡


ҲɡɨԶϣǸҪʲô
˳߿ȥֻһſϣҪһȥһƳĹǹªͷһƤһѲʹŵתͷܡ

ź׷ȥſ첽ţֻʧǵ̱ڵϡ

صߣؼȥ
أ
ȥ׷䣬ûӰˡ

ָ˴ӣ㻹𣿡
Ƥ˻Դݵַס̫Ѩ˼¡
ôۿڣɫ԰ףĿҲЩɢ˵û

ӷ֣ͷˣۣһ仰Ҳ˵
˯ˣǻȥˣ

˻ļ磬ι
Ӱۣû¡վ⣬Ų߿ȥ


·˰æ˾Ȼ߲ŰĻؼҡ
׷ȥˣӱߵһʵڰס׼ص˯

Ƹ𣬺ǰ֨
µƣعץ𣿡
ˡ

ˣ
š

׷ϵģüô죿
Ǹ˵һҡ

Ҫ׷Ƕôˣ׷𣿡
ץϢټҵ

עⰲȫ
ҲҲСģҰʲôС

Ҫȥܾ𣿡
˵׼

ãȥɣҡΪ˵ĻǲûСδ˵껰һͲˡſյķ䷢˻㶣Źϵ˯


ڶϷѧؼң·šһӵס·̧ۿȥ㰡û𣿡

ͷϻɴһ㲣лл㡣
л

ҿˡ
ûףʲô

ǸڶģӶһ£
ɫһȡ

˵ˡһ̨ףһۣ


һˣҾ㣬ţ¡

ʲô£
Ҵˣ׼ȷ˵Ӧǹ

ڡ㼸𣿡
ãʡ

֪㱻𣿡
֪

ƽʱܿꣿ
̾˿ΪʲôܿҲ֪ǱӰ쵽ġ

··̸ֹͣ˹ȥˣ飬ǻط˵ɡ
ʱ䣬ҪɣеҼ˵ġ

ͶʮӡӼһͷʮӣʵڵȲˣˡ

㡣

һտĻ̳վţӿʼԼҽһǸýӰʦиŮѽС棬ǰȥˡ
ᰲοˣ˵һ䣬ڰ

һ˫ֽţƺܽţСС꣬ǶǰˡϲӰѧϰһӰչʶģӴŷкܶͬİãӰΡϷռܱߡ̸ͬӡǰױϼҽ飬䶼ˣû뵽˳ײͷ

ֿƲס΢ţᣬаɣƣҲˣÿԼϳһǰǸһٰʮ𣿡һתȥ˰ᣬʵ̫ˣɴȥ־öԲĸҪûˣҲö˰𰡡

˵㡣
йϾߡȥ˺ֹܶĵط¼ҸϢҲСǰѧһл꣬˸Ҳš

ͨѽ
ˣмл꣬ɾסʣ֪ƭǮġ

ûҶˣȷʵкܶ˽ƭǮ
Ҷˣ𣿡һƲס棬ң֪ܸҿԸֽҪٶԣҪʲôرֻҪ

Ұ
лл㡣һԾڲҲ֪ôл㣬֮ллʲôҪҵĵط˵

л˿ʱ䣬ҾȻȥˣ㣬绰ҡ
áһûֽ

Ŷͳʺͱӣĺ룬ż뿪߳ȥۻԺлˣҲͷױϡУЩ²Ҫ߱ˡ
һ

ˡ
㡣

ãȥɡתܿˣøʮʮǰңֵüҴܡ


Ϊ㵣һ졣ϣɥߣȻԶºڸһСѵС뿪ſܵԱߣ಻סĵļŵˡ
š

˳𣿡
˳˾ʱ䡣ñӣñºģ飬ã
ͷʣǸѲɣû˵ɣ
ûСͻȻſ˫ۣĶڱۺ󣬡ҪҪ£
ô飿ЦЦ㣬Լѣ

̧֣Ҫ⶷񣬼æվֱڰ֣ҿЦء
㽫ñܷ£¶ͷ棬㲻õңһ˹˲ҡ

ˣмҪæ
˵

㻹ǵϱǹ𣿡
š

ǰҵңġ֮ԱΪŮѣԳһЩ˵ķе㶪̾˵ʱ޵ͣҾá
Ļûн֨Ҫ£˼εֲ̫࣬ȥʡ

ĻĬˡ
Բ𣬻˵ˣֻϣƽֶȹԼһ
֪ƤţֻΪѹô껹ûз£̫ˡ
̫࣬Ҫһȥ𣿡

ͷ˰ɣȥؾįתҵûؼˡ
ȥû˵쵽ҵʱ򣬲ŽסŮʲôסַʱ䡣

͵ػ﷢Ź⣬Ӧˣ
һΣԺҲٰæҲֹЩ¡
úúãһ

һЩϢ˼ص䣬Ѷ㿴Ļ̫ĺȥϽջֻŵ˵𣿡
תûУɡ

ɡ
ãҿһ۾С

˺һĻ㣬ԶЩĵط㿴˵ˡ
ǵˣ
š

ȣǹ䳬Ⱥ
Ҽ䳬Ⱥ

ҲŶǰԾͺáջֻ˵Ǿ鷳ˡ
ϲģ̲סǣȥϴϴȻѧϰ

أ
ȥǸŮѽ
á


짶ţ̽Цеطֻʲô£鲻
ûа

Цˡߵߣ㲻̸˰ɣ
ûС

Цʲôġӣ߿ˣҵ˾̸һҪ̸ѧϰ
˵

а짼ѧϰòãסĸʲôģߣ׳׳һҪ׳ʵģиѪյкٺòˡ
ûѣȷʵһû˾һ𡣡

짴ƣҾ˵Ծڷ߶߶߶ģҲ֪˵ʲôһ߶ǲ̸ˣȻ
͵Ұ

·ûעѣҿû͵째Ͻתƻ⣬㻹ûشһأѧϰôӸ߲ߣأ
Ǹܴѧԡἰ֣¶ЩЦ⣬ͦߵģ֪ء

ʲô짼ϲɫӵĺ棬Ƭ𣿡
ûС

Ҳš
ûС

ааɣԸҿ˵ϸ飬㻹δ꣬ܶ෽Ҫע⣬Ǻ£ͬУȻ֮ҪƷҪ
֪

ϲҽӣǺСһ𣿡
öһȣʸڽѡ

úúã˵ǾͲǡ
ں鱾짳ȥȥ˯ɣһҪ⡣

ҪҪˮȥһ̣
ð

Ҫټɣ
š

ŤͷСѹȻǲһθڶˡ˸ָţŪá






37.  37   

, ȥϴ˸裬ֻطдҵ
û˯ã°͵Ͽ, ˯ʱ˼ë̺, Ŷ䣬ѻ
ˡ
ȥ, վߣˣ
硣

ۣӣʮһ, 㲻ȥظ𣿡
Ѿˡ

ô졣
š

ҵ𣿡
ҵˡ

ģ
ɣŮѾתճ졣

Ͷ̥ˣź̾˿, ŮͶ̥ˣ
Ů, ɵǣС

ô죿
˵, ȥ˯ɡ
˯Ҿӻûдꡣ

д
ˡ

ȥ˯, ̫ӲҲûЧʡ
ҾͲˡ

ˡ
æ̧֣崩ȥץһ, ߡ
ЦЦ, ˯ߡ


һСϢѧУſڵһ졣

𣿡
ͷһͻȻ󣺡ܸСͶ̥ȥ㣬ٰҺ𣿡

, һ˳߿ȥͻȻͷصϿģˣˣˡ
Ҫ

һҵͷѪ㣬ҿһۣҲҲӰ

ʺ㣬ܸǲʲô涨
š

ᱻ𣿡
š

һȫڵϣһ𣬿޵Һ˳֪úòãĸʲôˣˣҲԶԶһۡ
Īһᣬۿתüõʲô
޵̫Ⱦˡ


۾

㻹ˣҴȥܶ˵ܿøԺ
ᱻġ
û£ҲǷ


ҽԺȿյģʮְ
쵽ſڵʱһͻȻ鲻ǰɫ԰ףͷĺͷʪɼƣͷƤϡ
̧ͷֵͷͷ̧ͷջŲſڡ

߼һС档
ûйأͷ˺庢ӵһͷȥתĿһײϣδ£źתơȻģӴһ˲䣬һǱ̧̼ͳ˽ȥľľվǰ
ûסվѡ

˭˱ӣǿ𣿡
һûشĽֱ

һߺźһ߿ǰֵˣߡһȥźӵ۾ứصʣôһֱޣ
˸ǾĪԱ߶˶㣬˭ôˣ

һߣ˵ˣ߰ɡ
һͷ˲Ը˵˼ŵˣӺܿɰ
Իؿ

һ󿴺һۣת뿪߳ȥӸرشţˡûסֻͷȥ˵ұ𣿡
ŵýӲصһߣˣǸʲôģôֵֹģ

Ҿͱһ¡
һڰգþδš

˼Ӻֹżٲҽ˰
Ա߾棬ĪҪࡣ

һҧˣɾҪֵһ̧̣С֡һСĴָָףЦ
˴֣߶ȥֱ

Ӹ׻ˣŴӣؿ˭˭
ǿ˱źӶ㵽󣬡ë

ͷżһ˳ȥ˳ǵǸ

һ𱻼ҽԺ
̫յ۾ۡ

㲻ˣ˵õĲ
һȻ̧εգ۾

Ļô죿
ؼңúóԷúùúˣͷȥЦȻ󣬵󡣡

һʱԡ
һӿڴͳһſ棬ллǡ

˺һá
°ɡһЦԲ𣬸ղûԼԺһƺԼ£лǡ


ûǮ
ѧУȥ糵ûʲôˣһš

ų⣬Ȼпһʮˣʮ߰꣬ʱҲܴˡ㲻ں䣬ҳͬ⣬һһʮһʮһСһˣ̫ˡ

ĬţԴǰļ䣬Ըƺ࣬Ҳöˡ

һȥͶ̥תʮ𣿡
û˼شˣȻᡣ

һ£㿴ҪȥͶ̥𣿡
бڻܡ
ðɡ

عȥ棬ûϵҲˣ˼뿪ҵġ


ѧУż٣պʥڣͤԼȥ԰档
иʽġ԰ֻɫδδʼֻЩϷ豸š

ǽ˼ݣͤŵһţĹ˼ˡ
ƽʱˣСû˿η塣ںͷܣûˣŵ˾䣺𣿡
ǰˣ
ûСƹϵŵĲ֫ǾˣݾԻ𡣡
Ҫ

һ˵Ļ̲סЦЦû£ҿո㡣


ͤͷһŵûʧɫһŵɫ԰ףôųŵöˣû㡣
ںͷ͹˼䣬ˡ
ͤδ룬㵨ӿҲˣȶˡ
갧̾һǸNPCû졣
ͤס첲ȥĻһ顣

ͤȥˣͷΣڵµǡ
̯ϰһϹ߶ţк

޼ԣûһǹ£ը
ԱߣžǹļЩˡ


ں԰ܶװ˳֣ơ
ͤȥڴȥͷǡһſֲױݵкҪתȥ

кⶺƵǰֲı顣
ֱûа㷴Ӧк죬ͦѽ㲻𣿡
µҼˡ

ôкúÿȥҪҪǣȥױ
ȥлл

йʡ
áת˸
кݣ㻹ѧɣĸѧУģ

˵˲Ҫ
ɭɭȻܽкĶ䣬һ£Χûˣղ˵𣿡
װģҡҡͷûôˣ
ޣһˡ˵꣬͸оһ£ֻͷһˣһ

ƮƮض˵Сıй
кëȻֱ߿ˣ˭װŪģոǲһ¡ȵҡ

ЦһԵĺ㣬ôףҪǮŶ
Ǿͷɡ

ȥĵطɣҸͤš
š

ԶתľһŮͷſһС㣬㿴Ǹǡ
δ˵꣬˲ƹȥСŮӵ˵ϡ

߹ȥûҿСڿԼֻԲ۾󱻺һ䣬ֵͷ

Χ̫ˣû˵ʲôԼԼƺˡȻ͵ʮһȥô

ѵС
һᣬСԹԲܿŻصߡ

㰡
ûмҵġ

ô
Ȼ

ЦĦ֣ȥǸɡ
á

ڶ˵ǺûˣԼһ˽һ䡣
˶ʱ䣬ߣԻҹȻпôã˲ƣԷɣܶ顣

պȻȼ̻ųʵĻ

̻㿴
ֱջعڰ

գۣû£Ҳɹģһ졣


԰Ѿˡͤ껹гӰҪȥѼȥվ·ϣ̲裬̫࣬ͤԹһ·

ǴΣ̲סЦЦ
㿴˼ҶЦˡ˵
УЦ㡣ͤ
ֶŵģ³ѧѧ˼ңľġ
˵ֱ꣬ͤϽģҴˣҴˡ
Ҵ򡣡

ʣ˼ͤͤ˵ûѣû׷㣿
ͷ

ͤ£һ˵ҵҲˣûУûСüָ˿촽Ӧðôÿ

ȫǸں治Զĺ㣬Լе֡ѡ
ѵĻ

ʱʶ⡣
Լڸ̸

ҪǻõͺˡͤͻȻһֱۻӹ§סļ磬϶׷
ûЩܵ

ܸ˧磿ü˧Ұһ£
ͤһţܺԼɣˣ㲻ѧϰ˼һҪѧء

õĵȥ
㡪ͤɿҪһ׷һܣ·

㣿
ߣôˣ

һΪˡ
һֱڡ

Զֵˣ𴽽ǣ涺
ͤس˻ǰ͵վˣǵĳˣҿĳվǾ˰㵽ҸҷϢ
ãȥɡ

עⰲȫŶͤС˻ȥ·ͷǣҳҵ
á

յĳ·ֻʣˡ
㣬ͻȻʣͤƯ𣿡
ʵػش𣺡һ㡣

һ㣿΢ǰ๫ϵİ໨
ô㿴Բ˫ۣûÿ

ڷҰɡŬ죬һ֪֮ġ
ҴӲˡЦ

Цʲô
ܺÿǶÿǰȷʵѷɫ֡
˵ˡ

ü۹Щ񣬲ӢʱԼòǺŵģҲӦһ㡣˵˹ȥˣ
ûС

ô˵
֪˵ʲôˡ

ҲĬСᣬǾͲ˵ؼҰɡ



ԪˣѧУѾһûŹĩѧǽп죬ͷɣĹ
ϰֻзͱͷˢˢĦͤѥ͵ֻ귢Ϣûͤĵˢֻʼӡ

껹ʮ졣
ſϣ̾˿ôʮŰ

дģĻͷ£ʮţ
԰ʱ̫ˣѧУҪƷôٲżҪˡ

Ǻա
˼

ȻǰһƬڰ
ţһ¥Ļ
ѧУͣˡ

ͤͲվźˣҡżĸ첲ͣͣˣѽͣᣬǧ
ʦĽ̨λҪ硣
ûһʧء

ͤèֻĵƹ⣬ָ귢ϢһΣظˡ
˼غϣȸֱͤʱԱߵļˡ

ҪȥѽںͷҪͻȻҿɾͱˡ
İɣġ

˼һĻİɣ
š

ѵ˸ʲô
̫ۣ͸͸

ôáܵǰ棬ߣʲôŹ֣
ûŹ֣㡣

סЦҪȥ
㲻ش

ȫУںڰУ·Ͽտˣȥ˾ƧС֣Χ̫ˣǰ·Ҳ޶Сĵǰ
ȵȣҿ·ˡ

ͷ˫ڿϹš
һŹ𣬽ɢ˳ȥʱǵ㼯һɫĹΪָǰ·

һſɫС㣬𺳵ſڽࡣ
ͣǽ߾޴¿

ƯĹЦǲǶܶˣȻյҡ
̧֣ʳָȼһƻ磬

ȻģҪȴӻд˹ȥֺҡ
֣󣬡ǹôõ
ҴǰĹΪʲôһôôࣿɫ

֪
롣

ҽ㡣


һŴϣֵĹ𣬡ܲ鵽ʲôʱ𣿡


ʲôʱ򣿡
û㡣

Ϊʲô
֪Ҳ֡

岻ãӦû̫á
Ĭˡ

㡣
š

ʲôϵ
һʱ֪

͵Ƴһۣͷ˵ˣôʣΪѡ
û뵽ǣȻϥǰ

ŵվ

΢̵ƮţҲһֱ⡣Ǹܹ꣬㽻ʼջġ

ſȻ

ȥ԰ǰͷ֣һ˸ں棬ҾԼܡ
ûУô롣ɬЦЦʲôģϰˡ

ҲЦˣҲǸкһȥǣİ֮˵֣ӵ㣬ڽͷ֣óԵġúȵģһǸҡҡȥĴҷɵС𳵡޹˼ɵڽֵ׷𡢴֡Цݽȥֻ͵͵ضڰڴϹ˵ĻᶼûУ˵ģſ˵˻㾫⡣

һᡣ

ǰ飬ҿģֲġʱҵɵ۸㡣֪ôҵģãܶ໰˵ģ㺬µĹıɢͷס飬ֳ̧ÿһζģʮ꣬ʮ꣬ٵڡδÿһÿһÿһ֣ҶȢ㡣

һֱһ淢ʲôҲҸ㣬һΪʱҲã˺ܶ໵£Բ̫ˣҸĺƽܲˡҡΪڻСܶ²ͿԳܵģ㳤һ㣬ǿһ㣬ҿ㡣

Ŀ࣬˹;ΪѲʹְȨΥɡҺ¡㰮ң㲻ҡԺͱһ𣬲Ҫˡ

Ҳһһߣ˵ٶǲƽġ˼ãζһġʺϵˣȥҿʱ뿪֮ǰһᾡҵȫȥ㡢ػ㡣

ԣԸʱ𣿡





38.  38   С

һ
ǰ˸߹, ׵ʱҪ¡ε˼伸ʮ꣬ȴûйע鰮£⻰, ʱô˾Щʱ, Цˡ

, ЩЦɡ
ǴӦˣ

Ҳںǹ棺˼뱣, ЩʱҾѾˡ

㲻ʵЩ䣿
, Щ

Щ
㡭֪ʡ

֪
ƺ, оϷȣҪˡĿƳȥ, Ҫذˡ

վǰ
ֱӴϴȥ, ȴͣס˽šһ紵ӣҶ̧ͷҶ̵, Ȼ, һƬҶԼ촽

ɴ˫ۣŽߵĺ㡣
ң

ɫĹַɢȫȫռݡо¶ȡκζֻдϱҶ֤Ĵڡ

˹, ԶЩ룬⼸ʮҪ˶ȹһθܵǻǸܼѵĹ̡

˺ҶҲ˵ϡһħУջЩص̹⣬ؿŵˣ
عʱ޴룬εزҿûСͷ˫ָ͡ûӦ̫ͻȻˡ

Ǹ³çˡ
ûСǡǸҧҧ촽ͷҶմȾ¶ˮζ
㿴ҵı飬Ƭ̣ٿЦ

üʰ˸СʯͷҹȥЦʲô
ʯӴ壬ʪϡ

ЦǸС
ˣɣꡣ

ǰ˵ꡣǰ˵ʱӣϵЦ˼֣ڲһˣҪǻţѾǸˣ̫үүˡ

Զ¥Ȼָ
ȥôˣ
̫ԶʧЧˡ
ðɡ

Ҫȥ𣿡
ˣˣᡣ

±֣
˵ۣȥˡ
ýڡ

Ե㲻𣿡


ֱضûڣôҸʲô
ϲ

ֿģͻȻʣǹҲһǸ𣿡
ĸ

Ǹ
װɵЦǻĸ

㡭ûʲôȥ뿴ָ֪ʲôһٶװɵ㶡ϹԽˣ
ǰΪʲô

ɤӣǡ棬ˣ͵ûʡ
㶢ƽᣬ

ִٵ͵һۣڨڨ㿪
úߣǺ¡
˭ˡӲһӣʲôúߵģڶʲôˡ
㿴Сһһϣҧһڡ

Щ꣬ûСͱŮ
µģСԴָƣȻش𣺡ûС

ɿ
̹Ȼע˼£ֻй֨һˣǹҶûȤ

ǻϲһһϲϲ֣ʱˡ

ֱ׵ʵȲˣ
ûûУʲôѽӲӺ쵽㲻Ҫҵ˼

˼ָʲô
ҡƱ粻죬Ĳ˵

ЦСѾͷȴǰϷҪ档
Ҿʶѡ͵͵ƳһۣЦˣ

֨ǸµСδζҪҲûа취
Ҫ˵ˣ

ҿ԰Ļʱߡ
㻹˵

ã˵ˡ
ֲеĺɫ˵ɫȻһ˵ͣˡ
ɫɫ㻹㳯㲻Ƕˣ


ǰҲϺŲҪʵϲĲС
ҪؽˣվȻð̹۾

㴹ͷ̹˲̧û¡
ι۲죬ֻ۾и²⣬ʵǲһ۾ͻð̹⣿
ûзϣš

е㵣ģ˵˶Ƹ飬ʲô
һС⣬Ҫ

ǻ𣿡
ˣˡȻؽҰɣ쿼ˣӽѧϰϰҼ顣


Ҳ̫ˣ


ڶܲ꣬ͤȵý⿪·ۣһ§סļ磬ˡһ޿ŷ磬俴ڵĺȥ֣һȣ
ͷ

˵ôûġ
û취ʵֻ˵֪

Ϊʲôϸ㣿ͤʼ󣬡֮ǰ˵˻ɺ氡ʲôĻˣְְɣүүɣڣ
ǡ

Ϊʲô̫ˡ
Ҳϲҵϴ¶һغ˵˵

ͤˣչȥͷͦģʲôӣ


ڼţһ߿СһʦĽΡ
μ䣬ȥˣҲеطȥģȽ˽ĵط

ЩѧǵĻЦָоʱĽľ
ţһȻ˹


ϵˮûɾصλһ¾ǿѾˡ
Ҳʲôˣû̫ģ£ͬѧôˣ˰ɣ
ˡ
λΰ
ƺúÿ

⿴ȥͼһŮͬѧ͸ˮƿʹػ˼£ͷĺҵĶײƿ
ʱŭˣȥŮͬѧƿӣָײСĻֱŵŮͬѧһ

ǸȪˮƿóأпֽͽܲ͸硣³ŵؿƿ׵ĺ
һ

ŮͬѧԼץֱŭسﰡң
Ůͬѧֹʶ߿ҵġ

Ůͬѧˤŭɶ˻𣺡Ҷ㻹ңôˣץģ㽲
ȶµطɿ

ŮͬѧԼĻ޶ԣڽź˰Ѵɨ㣬Ÿյĺȥ
ȵϣɨķ϶С

ӿһ£Ĺ˲˼ҲƲסԼ˫֣ŮͬѧԴһ˦˹ȥ
Ůͬѧû뵽ȥĺѧִԼ㶺һᣬҪȥͬѧ

СĵذѺɨȡĳƺ۶ˡģⴥ𣿡
㶯һ¡

϶µˮйֵͨ¥ѧ֡
ȫû˻Щʲôһͷŵÿ㡭
㡣

˶ʱϡ
̧ۣע⵽ʦ

νȥѵһ٣ŮͬѧǸϾˣ
ֳԭЦſΣˡ

ߣ㻹ЦҲΪˡ
ˡ㿴ı飬ֻǼϣղûƺãһʱ

㲻Ҫٱˡ
áˣֺԲ㵣ˡתǰ浹Ʈȥѵ
𡣡̧ˣû¾ͺá

쵽ˡ
ѧ˵Ƚȥˡ
á


գЩʲôֽ̫ףһٵģӦҲȱЩֲ֪ʲôϲáһ죬Ǿ׿
ٽ賿㼾дҵڱ¶СʵʲôϲĶ𣿡
ûʲôϲġ

ܣһеġ
ϲ㡣

ⲻ㣬Ķ
ûС

ǳǳü
˵ϲƬ

Ƭ
š

ôǵáţŶԣˣǰ㷿һ
ʱֻǸ裬ϲġ

ϲּ𣿡
ûС

ַӣ
ҲûС

ǳЩʲô
֪

ʲôãҵİɡ
ʲôЦЦĶϲ
ðɡ

һ㣬סӡ
ŶԹ¶Ҫ˯
á

Ҫڣ˵˯ߡ
𴽽ǣʲôҲû˵۾

һСᣬ΢΢ۣڡ
㳯ü۾΢Ц˯


ǰҹĳţ¥¡
ҹܳв׷ʼ飬ȴһֲ

ﴧ˸Сӣڵϵ
оƺҪʲôҵģ

ͻȻŤͷ͵֪ˡ
㰲ؿģСЩʲô

ýҹ޷磬յͦ͡
һڻ岻ͬǰ̫ЩܲסġȻǰ˸СӣǼոյĶ

վ鿴ֱ֣̫

һʱ䲻֪롣
۵ϵĺӣֿҪ𣿡

ع񣬼СĵУʲô
𿪲֪ˡ

㽫תͷĺᣬ𿪺ӣȡĶ
һɫMP3һ

֮ǰʹϲʲô˵ϲƬ˺þã̫ˣһҾһĬֲкܶ裬ϲģЩͬģҶˣ
ԣȥԽţ׵ʱ򶼴λһ¡ҳȥȴ˿ûӦ

ǲǲð
϶ûһ䶫ȫһģС

һô𣿡
㿴ڴ񣬵ͷС

ʲô裿
£ڱ

̷Цףǵø˳Ҳǵþ嶼ЩĻϲ𣿡
ϲ㱦ģлл㡣

˸˫۱أ䣬¥ʰϵĶ첽¥ݣ׻عͷŸѽ
ˡ






39.  39   ձ

׼˳Ե, ȥ˸ӽݣͳϷкһСƿơ
㿴ŵӣЦ

, أ漸, ĵؿ㣬𣿡
С㿿Щ, ʳǵľ
ǡһѾ

ɵɵؿˣ
Цššһ

Ҫ𣿡
㲻ɨ£ð

һƣҲ볢ζ, ˮƵһȥ
üһҪ³ı飬Һʲô

һŻ£Ѻȡƿӿһ, ǲǾƲãڳõġ
á

ֳ˿Ż, ˣ, ԺǮþƸ㡣˵վžƱ

ٻʱ, ·Ѿ߲ˡ
ǽνǲˣ

Сĵ㣬š
÷š

ǰ, Ѿƿš, ӽͰ̫Ѻˡ
ȶˡ

ĸоɵسЦţоƮƮģǹƮǲǾо
û

㿴, ڻء
ڻΣ˯ȥ

˯˯ˡκؿÿѪɫһֻۡ
ȻЦЦ˵磬һЦ־߽⡣ɫˣɫ˵òŮ˰

Դ裬ȻֱߵһԾϣ˹ȥû˸գͷײǽϣ۵áһг

Ͻȥû°ɣ
ǽûͷģȴмʶֻúö˺öˣû¡

۲ۣ
쵽ûлشԴץסӸϣԼ˸ʵ

߿űһŮղң
˵Žţ¶ֻ۾޹ؿûС

㺦ʲô
ֲס۾

׵ġ
ҧ촽ԼǶ˶ˣţӺȻԼƿˡʧɫؿϷҪ̧ץβı̺˹ϡ

ţж϶ͷ
Ǻ촽Ӷͷһ졣

оԼ಻ܿƵطQ

̧ƿ̺һǣɴ˫ۣҺÿ𣿡
˰Σ

۾ô
ۡ

ҧŵ֣һ
ǺȴԼ

ۿ
ˣˡ

Ҫ͸̺Ҫû˸գΪʲôңȴץ㣿
죬ţƽ

⧲ָ˹صؿҧ촽

û飬޶۵š
޲ζ

ԼƮڰƵģȫˣ̤̤ظš
ôȾƻҪ˰

ҹʲôأ˹˵ġץͷš
뷿䣬⡣

ʱоص˼䣬źķ䣬Դˣҡȥˡ
ӣôһɾζ
ҳˡơԲӡ

úܣûϸųȥˣ˯ɡ
һͷûˣ͵شĴɨ˱飬ʣ㻹𣿡
㡣

ûлӦ
ɫܡ

קűסԼɳӼڴطŹ۸ƮһС˯ˡ


˿ںԶһ£֣ƣ۵ͷʹĵء
һۡ

Ρδˡ
͵̧ͷĿؿ·Ů

ôˣ
ûлشʧ١

Ů˿£ҡҡͷ·


ǰҼСﺢŮܡ
ĹǶԶˣ·мεҲûм㣬ΪϴԵʣ͵͵˺ӵһ硣

㱻ȥ۲ˣйˣΪйΪĽգҲҪġ
Ӧ겻ϣòͷ

˿˼ҹ˾
վڷ߽ǣԶԶؿ˯ļôһҹ

ڶ峿̫δɫġ
˸ΣεǰɽֻҰտãҪԵУ˹

õط˸۾Լ鵽ĹӰ
ۣƬ̡

˵컹û˯ᡣ
ˡۣͷŴˣ
Сʱֵʱ仹磬˯ɡ
Ҳˡ

¶ڱͷӸǺã䣬ѩˡ
ѩֱƿ˴˲ϵˮ⿴ȥۡ

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ıǼűĴһ㶳ˡ

شţˡ
첲ߵβףǳȥɡ


ϻϸСѩ
ñӺףСѩ

ﲻֻһԿ
֦ѩ˵˫ۣ֣Цɰ𣿡

Ŀһͣˡ
һ̣ͻȻǻصһĶ죬Ҳһѩʹͬ⡣

ɰ𣿡


󣿡
ﶼ

ҿܹʲô

㡣㣿㣿
㶣ǰ˻֣ʲôأ
Żб޹⣬ڸҡͷûʲô

뵽ʲôĵ£
ûСǣסԼĿѩˣܿɰ

Ըе£ⶺģСָ׸ѩ˴Сǿף
Цúõѩˣˡ

ҲЦ㡣
ңüԭҳ

ҡ
䣬ֶֹµѩһᣬ˫ؿſһСѩˣؼңϧܿͻữˣ²˶õѩҪڱһܱܳʱɡͻȻ뵽㲻˵ʮһڳɽ
ǡ

궬ȥɽɡ
á

ɽǲиأ
ԡ

ʲô
ʮһЦ

ڳɽ
һ㿴ĵط

ؿһۣȥʮһ
󣬼޹ͺˡ

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԰

ȥ𣿡
ȥ

пı𣿡


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ÿһΡ

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á

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ҾͲȥˡ

ôˣ
Ϧúˡ

Ҳҵļˡƿڶ־ЩΣҡ
á

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ȥɡ

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ʹ󣬰ҹ˯ˡ§űɳ϶ŵ째ȱţˣˣȥ˯ɣȥꡣ

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̣ȥˢ˸ɵϢ

Ȼ쳣㣬컨壬ͻ֡
˺һᣬû

ѵʲôµˣ
ܹ

˸һ䣬첻𣿡
ںܾˡ

ŵһ£ûӰģ
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нҡ

ð㡣
š

㡣
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㿪ͷ
룬ҿ𣿡
á

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ʰɡ

Ǻһã
϶ģʱ˵ꡣ
ꡣЩʧǡк𣿡
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һꡢôٴģ
ƽһ꣬ϷҲȥˡ

Ǿһֱסڱƽ
ǡһ£ڳϾ

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ἰǼ£ޱѹ֡

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ǵĲֻϾһҪ޵ӣ߶֨۾
ؿ

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ˡ
ٴۣȻڰա

ɴۿԼĺ㣬ҳˣ
š

¿ȥҹŴ۸ӵĵߣһһ㡢һ飬ճҫ۵Ļ
ҹķɻҲصҹΪԼߵԭ򣬾⾰ǰδеĺÿ

һһʲô
̻

ϳɫС㣬ڸִٵÿ
ץߵĵطȥ

ӡ
˵

ҵõļ𣿡
ҡҡͷ

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Цŵͷ

ǱϺ


һһָǣǣҵļ磬ɽĴϡ㶫
øˣִߡ

һƻ꣬о䣬ȴĪضй
š

ݵؿأ
Цǰ㿴ǱԽԽˡ



ϱһȺģң㱻ȥæѾ뿪һˡûˢ⻹ˢ⡣
µף˼£һѧУȥ-ǽʱˤȣѧˡ

һӣֱһڿν˸߸ݵͬѧǵһ¡
ȫĿλ˧İס

ǰתͬѧǴձѧϰģҶչչͬѧʵͨҲѧϰһַʽ
˽

οҽܰɡ
ŷ۾Ƥװ׵ģӲߣЩסüëķѧУǾԲġͷ˵ҽиһԶҺϲйĻĿͣڼϣҲϲйˡ΢ᣬϣڽݵʱҶָ㡣
˵ģ˲֜ˣﲻϴۡۡľ̾

˵Ǹʲô¾ңҰ೤
ãллʦ
ȥɡ

һòͷ뿪༶
½̨Լλȥ

ˣⲻױϣҶ˾棬׷׻̽Դ쳤䣬ۼһһðáйܶ𣿡Ҫã
һ΢ЦͷȴһԲ𣬴ˣֱλգͣߵŵͷдŮͬѧ

ܵ濴ȥ˳Ĭ룬һǣãҽиһ
ƮƮգۣղŽܹˡ

һͷͻȻա
ͲôϲձԴǰļ䣬ձ˸޺øУǿһա֣Ƕѳɽʬ塣ǰֻ޳Ǹе֣ӦƺСձй˲̫òִָ̧䣬£á

һջ֣΢ЦԼλͬкãҽ룬İ೤
һͷãա
Ӧõġ

ͬѧ̽ͷΪʲôСǰǶ߿ˣҪμӸ߿𣿡߶Ǽޣ
һһһش⣬Ͽˡ

Ӣʦվ̨ϣŰ೤һȫ
վ£Ŀʼ׷ǰŮĳмҷ˲סһذһ¡

סԴͷ
һջ֣΢ЦǸеˡ
ʲôû˵عͷȥ

һֱţĿͣ˼룬ͷָǸɫķ˿ϸֺÿǣؽָϡ






40.  40   ָ

¿һ, ֯ѧǳȺʳȥӢʦãЩ˿ʼ
ʦмֽһĶ, ¿Ρ

೤Ըһ˵һȥԷɡ
һű, ֽϻţȥɡ

ѧУϤ, Ҵ𣿡
ãллĺ⡣
Ǻðɡ


ÿڶ˳ӡ
֮
͵ػͷͤͷһӲºü

, ۲ۣͤüôˣʲôأ
ȥҴҵͬѧǣҡҡͷû¡

θڲ, ز, ȥҿտλáҪ£һ֮
һ, 漴Ų̱Եܡͤ, أ


û˻֮ɸղǸ˵

ʲôأͤһ£˼, ô£Ĳɵ, ֪ĻΪˡ

겻֪Ĵ˹ͤ˸ۣϱɶſͤȥ, ⿴Ų
ͤĿӣԼȥ򣬱ʳ

ȻһӱֱǵĲԣô
ͤ飬ԱŲ˸λã꣬ǰתģձˣGиʲôһţ
һԽҸ

ͤЦǽС߰ɣϸߣ
ԡ

տ˲վ磬ᵽСձйӣһһ˹˹ġװ׾ȻԼ˧ôһ죬Ŷҽ꣬ѡ
á

ЦһĪˬ
ͤŸһʳͳô㰡
ֻ˷˺׷ͷҳԲ̫ࡣ

̧ŲԱߵˣձ˷ôСô
Ҳȫǡ

й˳Եϰ𣿡
й˽ʮꡣ

ѹôƲסͣЦ㲻ձţй߿
ͤһţķȥɡ

üôأӣôˣѡ
㻹ӣ
ϻȥˣȥˣԡŸһüԵ㣬Ű
һ΢Ц

ͤһۣͷ뿪СߣקĶģ˵ĺܡ
һûн⣬ԱʼճĬļȥʲô𣿡

ͤȻش𣬡ȣ˵ԺϤͺˡ
ܵءš׷һСڣһθڲ𣿡
ĥŸղŵ£ûĻ

Ҳ֪ôˣ߶߶ͤȻչ§סŵ͵һ£ĿӵڵϣѸͤˣѽѽһһէģҡ
һϽֽ˫ֵݸû°ɣһ
ûнӣʰϵĿӣȥһ˫

ղʲôأһֱġ
ûʲôˣΪ˽ҡͷԷ˰ɡ

Ҳ˽㡣һ˵
̧ͷ룬û˵ת߼ͷԷ


ϰſ˯ˣĪ岻ͷۻǷ
һ۲ܾãȿμ䣬Ȼĵӡ

էѣʱͷȻϵӡǡԴ۾ľŽǡ
ĽűһŰɫƬһƬűȽϵƬͷһһŮŮ˴ۣ˴װȥʮְ䡣ֻŮ˵ˣֻܿһֻ۾

ƬϵˣЩģܴſԼԼĪϤУ
үүδޡ

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ллһӹƬı飬ôˣ
ҡҡͷû˵תȥ

ͤԻͷүүδޣ̣
һҡҡͷ

ܿƬ𣿡
Ȼ

ͤСƬһǣŽʱ䣬ѽʮİ
š

үүôˣһ˰ɣ
үүʮʱҵĸףѾȥˡһıӰһδȢޡ

ΪƬϵŮģ
ǡ

̫˰ɡ


ˣûɡѾܾû೵ؼˡͬѧһڹվȳ˼ˣȥ˳ûϡ

ûкӣؼҵ·ܻ༸ֹǣͻȻð׷šһƽ¡
ţͳֽ˲ϵˮԱߺȻ˸ˣǸһ˵عȥ

ôɡ
ֻû

һԼǲǶʲôǲ㲻ˣ
ЩᷳûС

ΪʲôҰ
ҾԸ񡣡

һЦЦϲԸ񡣡


ҼסϴԷһվ͵ˡ
ޡ

أ
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һۣĵĽٶʱ˴룬ȴ޷⡣

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ײαƬ̣˵Ǹˡ
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֜ҹ𣿡
С

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һЩҴ
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ҲҪлл

øҿ
ĲãҲֶ
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ţټ

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ȡ½ָ˷ϡȻһźΪΡ

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˹Ű볤ͷһɫԺȥЩͣͷӻףȴͦΡֱֶȵƣֱӡ
ˣԼȥɡ

һվ󣬵ͷ

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һŽָϹǡ


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ͤ亦£ǰ಻סģȥʣôˣʲô
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ҲǴ죬Ƿ죬ȥ֪ˡ

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ף̫}˰ɡ
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컯գûµġοѧУôˣ㣬ú¡

ϿˣһλϡҪ߿ʦҲô㿪ȥɡ

ȥƬ˵ֹĳվʯߣųǺҶ˰Σ𣿡
ʱһŻۣҶ߻ơ

۲Σ
˭˻ȥǸŮ

һҪҰ𣿡
ҳȥҳȥ


һرҲǳڱԵʣһʮʺϵȱ˶õĶࡣ
Ůߵü죬·ߵҰֱ͡ĿĵѧУһСˣܶշӡ

Ů·ģֱ¥֪ŻԿ׷ſЬܵڶ˶Ь
򿪣ȥһ̣ŮڷҴܣأأǿ

һϯض侲ؿε
ǿҳ

ǽһɾ֮һŮƬһ룬׮

㻹ЩƬŮطһЦ˯İǿҲҪ
һɱ㣿
ֹɱҡŮƣҷֳһ飬һ飬һ顣ص˲ͬĵطҵľǸѧУĳòײһĻǶûУһЦָңҵͷأҵ֣ҵȡ

ҿ԰㱨ҪֻֿڴտգûдҵиͲҪȥһǽϵĵ绰ֱˤ˸ϡá
ʲôػǰҵʬƴҪţþõػţҪŵգҪҹҹңңҪǰܾĥ
һЦЦԹ㣬ǳá

ڷذ£Ҵײһűŵͷ­
һ磬Ůͣ̾һɻϡ

ֱ¥ݴŲӵ˻ˡ

ű򿪵һ̣Ůٴ˸һȥǿ
ۣס˵Ĳӣǿҵˣ

ĳڵϣһף˵ϥ̧ߵɿ˫֣ȥ
ŮӸһʼһɢ̣Χǿתǿ㿴ңңұ㺦ʲô

ǿƽ̧ǰŲ͵̣Сϣ֣СϣȻЦˣСϣˡ
ΪʲôҪңֱײǽϵƬɢһء

ǿæʰȡһţؿţԼؿڣΪҰ㰡Զֻһˣûҵõ㡣
ɱ˷ʬôµȥ֣Һۣ۰Ҳζ

ΪʲôҪһ𣡡
Ѿˣ

ûз֣ûУԶ֡ǿЦһӣֻܺһҰ㣬Ұ㰡Сϡ


һڸǧϵȴ
Ͼŵʮ֣ǿӴ

ǿĻǹףȴ̫࣬ϲ
һֻСߣ԰޸ǣץǿԻ̡

Сϱ˳ԹǷȴһʱ޴ȥ±ץȥ˾ֻȸһؼҡͳԿ׿ŵʱСϺȻ˾䣺Ϊʲôң
һͷ֪ˡ

ƿţڣСϿͷĶתӴӳȥ뱻һɺӲϽ˷䡣



һţŹϡ
ſڣؿŮڰ˻бʳ

ָĹ΢΢ϹʲôҲû˵
Ĺڶ𣬡


С·ֻˣʮ·ڣһֻҰèͻȻܹȥһ
ŤͷһۣջͷǰһӰӣ쵽Ůû壬һǷǸӰ
ӿ˻ȥ

·ŵϽӭ˹ȥҪȥӭ㡣
ģЬ

䲻䣿ţ̡
á

ŪԵģ
Уȥϴ֡

ȥ䣬չˮͷ̧ͷײһӰԼ͵ػͷӰʧˡ
ûţ¼˺¡ۿ߻ط䣬ҳ짴ǰķ䴧ڴ

䵹ʲôأ
䲻Ӻͷðŵüһ飬ƽƽϣûʲô

짽ţ̵ݹȺţȥΣٸиƻɡ
ˣҲ
Ҳԡأȥˡ
ͷԼӰһϽ˸ʵ

Ȼ˭Ҳסֹ˵ġûڼײ
㲻ڣҲþòˡ

Ը¡





41.  41   ʶ

׷ĳϵɱ, أΪƻƬ, ټļ, ׷˺ü죬ʧ֡

Ⱥ, µƶ˸Ӱƽٵɭ
Ĵײͷɫر, ˦ɼСѵÿץסųױޣסͷǣ, ؽ, ٶ
ҪױսױͻȻ, ʹڿ˦ס, һʱѹƲס֮ʣѰױ, һƴ, ס

Ц˵ѲʹڿҲˡ

˲ĳ, İױ޲ܿƵؽסԼĸ첲ۿų˦ͷҪױŭ𣺡ˣ
ױ޻ɿûüʹӡҶ˦˹
̧֣԰ױ޵סһӰڱ޽ǳͷ˸ʵ

ױ˫ںǰЦպεģ㶪ˣֻɫ


һ£Ȼܵ˫ְͷϣɫأô궤üĸ壬ԣ

֡
ױű۲ˬؿû˵㷸ʲô£͵͵ʲôô£
ʵıʡ

סһҪʡתǰ˵ҵˣǲΪ
·

Ȼȥû㣿Ҷ飿
˹ȥס󣬡ٷϻ˽ŵϵĳĶǴߡ

˵ҵҵģ
ġ

׿ĵ˺ڱޣˡںͷ߶ţҾӶе⣬ΪһŮʹԼԼϰ궤λãҶ£Ǳף

ٷϻ˺ˡ
ҲôùҲа˵ţһųƨȥڿɲ㣡

ѽһܣİױҵĺڱ޸ǿ

ܹ죬ҪŭȻܵһǿΧû˼׶֡ƤӣٿûӰˡ
׷ȥĶ˭ģȵң

ѹƣٶȴһĿ죬˺Զ
Ƕƣױ޲ס岻öȻһ䣺㣡ɿ˵գɢȥԳ
㿴ݣ˰ױޣô㣿

üĿ㣬֪Ϊʲô˰ɡ
㲻˼ؿûȥͶ̥Ϊʲôһֱң
ʲôңǳ˼ֻٵĻҲţҰʲôȫƾһ졣üһаȵЦЦˣҲǳԹٷģѲʹˣʮһĴ˰

ţһϯôʶ
˵ңߡ
ʶʮ꣬һ֪鲻򵥣ðɺðɣø㡣˵գʧˡ

㿴㺦ˡ
Ҳˣɢؿ⣬ۿһȺĺ

Ị̆ǹȥˡ
ȥҿûȥЦһǷˡ 㲻Գδؿ㣬ƹҶᰮ֮޶ܷšһѪŵ£ҿɷŲ¡
԰գûӰˡ

Ѧ壡

һҲ򣬸Ͻߡ
վס


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ڿ顣һ޹ôˣ

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תȴһһǹЦ˵ϲǣҵļģ㳢һ
ллҲġ
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һվţ΢΢ͷãǼͬѧѧϰϡһ̧֣һϡ

짵һӦǸСѣţճȥҸ绰
ˡһţҪЬ𣿡
òá짰еӷŵˮųкɡ

һ¿ۣû¡
짿֣ˮȥˮԹûҲճꡣ
Թˣæ

짲Ļˮ߹ô춳˰ɣȵˮůů
ллһ飬ӹˮͦվţҷŽķɡ
ãǼ䡣һֳͷָ£һֲ룬û𣬡ûֻȥɢɢһͻˣһᣬ߰Ҷûʰȸеˮ

һûоܾͷȥ
վſڹ۲˼룬Ȼ߽ȥϡ
ҵģѷϰݸֽһЦЦӡ

Σ짶ˮ̽ˣҲ֪ϲʲôˮͶϴ˵㣬ȣż
һ֣صؽӹлл鷳ˡ
鷳鷳Ҳ֪ʲôʲôѽ
С߾ͺá
Сߡصͷס
ϴԷ
ǲǸôֿ˻ƽʱѧѧǶһİɣ
ʱһ𡣡
ûƣСкߣҲ̫࣬ţ̳ûʰ½Ҿͺá
õġ

ʮӺ󣬼̻ˡ
˵˾䣬ͦ˧ѽ
ʲôͦ˧
СѰ짳䷽üͶأȥ

һͷˮ첽߽ңȴһԼǰһ飬ôˣ
һͷ飬ϰᣬҸ

߽˿˵ôҲôǣ
Ҳ֪һĿᣬҲôˡ

ģ
΢һ£ɣ

ûлش𣬡ô֪Ҽ⣿
·ߵĹꡣ


ϲ飿ָϵⱾС˵
㿴档İԼţڣûʲôµĻȻȥɣллרһˡ
áһûжżȻЦҳȥ

ƵĶʱһõ
һվҾȻȥˣϢ
š

ſڣһλҳ¥ˡ
Źϣߡ짳㽶ô¥ͣСѲҿԡ
ѡ
ϡ

治ǡŽתѧǰ಻ãǸձˡ
ձˣ𾪵㽶ʣļٵģôãȫûձΪʲôйаСС
֪ѹ̵ݸ짣ȥɡ
Ե
ҲŲԣԹˡȥҪѧϰˡ
짲ߣû˵أ˭
㣬߰ɡ

ţţȻȷУһӣֽǴҡ
һöָ˳
Ǹһģǵú

˿ָЩɣ˶һźɫʯͷӡ

ĿĪסһôҲŲȻʯºڹ⣬عգۣ½ָ
ʲôֵֹġ





42.  42   йŹ

ָϰһҹ
һ, ȥѧУһ

Сˡһ̧˫ֽ΢ЦŹ˯ú𣿡
һ㶼, , ҹû˯ãͣؾѡ˯پ, ˺üΣȴһҲǵã첲ۡ˵šһ, ʰϰ;ӡ

һ죬̫Ƥ, ͣشǷ˯
جج, ˯ˡ

ҹ˸ج, εԼһƬѪˮôβȥ, ţץһֻ˵ֱۡ
ѣҵȥƵĿء

Ȼ컨, ˼㡣
ûлӦ

, Ž䡣
޻Ӧ

֣ȥԶΪʲôͻȻˣ
һϴμһǰ

ĪЩĻ, ʱ䣬Ѿˡٺ˼ϿҪ˯
ûйصƣססͷԼһţ˯


ѾѦգץҲôš
Ѧûʲô˯Ϲްɺȴʮ־ᣬʮһץڲץȥΣպҲ᲻ֻССҲˣմŹû̷Сӻڤ粻飬ڸģϼ

޲ģѦͻȻҺͷ˼ô
߰ɣǱЩʵΪ̡
ѦЦû֦ҲôʮĹˣԼأ

㲻𣿡
Ѧ峰ŪЦһңǹƵģȥҲ𣿡

֮أ
ѦϵЦ˲̣Ĭ˻ᣬбź㣬ҵˣ
š

ѦŤͷȥָ±ӣô
á

ѾͷСӣ
Ů

ˣ
ʮߡ

ĸأǮ𣿡
ײˡͨͥ

ͻڶɣУ
š

ɼô


Ư
š

ʹǰأ
㲻

ѦЦһڵȥƬ̣ʣʲôְ


Ѧһ飬ۣ֮лٵģǸƢ𣿡
ܶࡣ

ǿҵȥʶʶǰҾûЦƵġ
߰ɡ

ôңҸ˰
ǰߣҲǡ

ѦһҪҸ缸ȥףĻֵ㡣̾Ͳô죬ҪȥͲȥɽ㣬к¡ҳȥжá
ǣҺ

Ѧδ˻ˣ
̧ۿתһʮһ

ѦһۣһӣһͷҲɣ
;

ץ˵Ѧע⣬ˣ¾仰߰ɣ͸˵Сү˼˼죬Ȼȥ


˯ŵʱġ
źıӣȵһͷţһֹϡ
ľЩɣ֨һ£ˡ

һ˲Ȼֱﻹűӣʧ
ָ촽ϣ˸ꡱơ

ͷѹʲôʱģ
ոա

˳һȥôãͦץİɡ
ǲ̫öԸһЩʲô
УƲ죬иǺȻ֣ȴֲ¶ĿҺü죬ûʲôоҡ

ȥѵ
Цһ⣺Ͳˡ

ﲻ𣿡
ûУûʲô˯

ǰûпԣ
壬ûгɼ̾Ϣһջ˵ܺú𣿡

ʲôҪߡ
ЩߣסӸסָڱӵȥЩӵļŰץʲôǷʲô£Ǳߵķ羰ʲôĵġ

𣿡
ҡҡͷȥôʱ䣬۰ɣ
ۡ

ûˣ
а

ˣ
첲ӣȣ۰˵ﶼۡ

ô죿йҽ֮𣿻ǻп
ģϴЦҾͲˡ

㶺档ץűֻ¶ֻ۾֣ˡ
ô񣿡

ǰŲ˵ֻ۾ȻЦоصʱˡ
軰ʣϲңڵң

Ị̆ڵ㡣
Ϊʲô

ǸǼģţʵڵġ
ǹ꣬ʵǲڵġ

ûϵѽܿ㣬죬ͺܿˡԼȻıЩٶ۵ĺڱӵסϽתƻ⣬㶼ץʲôĶ
ö࣬Ҳȫ׼ġһǰ·˵ķĹ쳤ԴһڳԵġиͷ˦ˮһиɫŮ˾ͲŽš
ôܽгӦýɫ֡

ͻȻƬƵİ
ĳĬüԼ˵˻

ô˵ˣ
֪˵ʲô

ǲǺȤĿͰ֨кܶ໰˵ÿ춼ܻ֡
ڳԼĴ𣿡

ϣҲûС
֣ص˵ȤұȤˡ

ţˡ
ţˡ
ͬʱЦ

βܰժҿһ뿴
ûоܾˬؽ֡

ش˵ֻ۾ͫȷʵɫģͫɫÿ
Ȼ΢΢̹⡣
ع񣬡ˡ
š

ܸܵ𣿡
ܡ

ʲôо
Ѫⷭʣǡ
˵

üβһ̺ۣǰ˵𣿡
ԡ

ձˣ
ǵġ

ˣҰתһձˣҺ档
š

ϸĦı飬᲻𣿡
ᡣ

㲻ˣŸ˵λء
á

ǲܣ
ԡ

Ϊʲô
˼й磬Ҳнӡ

Ҳ𣿡
һЩܵĲǺϸ񣬵Ҳѹȥҹ˽ӣǧﺣ򣬹»ѶɡеĹִò׶˺Ǳ߻ǻᱻ£ǲͻȥģѰꡣ

ֹʲôںεգֻձӣʱ޿ƣ˴ʮ⡣ƽһٶڵ£ǲһȺ޸֮ͨգձǹµйһ޹ġ

Ȼأ
⽻ҲУΪսȥ̫ˣ޷ʱͶ̥䣬ε˼䣬еնûܱһֱ»Ұܶ㲻ģʱѾΪˣǱǵ˾ãʱ˺ܶ˲Ű¡ǡʮһŸճãǽһͽȥܷġ

ʲô
ȥˣûҪЩ֣˲˵ˣ컹û˯ᡣ

Ҳ
Ҳ˯ȻϿҪ˯ˡҺú˵
ÿÿ˵üЩмܲסЦЦ㲻Ҫߡ

۾һڡ


ҹ˯ú㣬ҲߣǱʶ˺ܶలȫС

ŨŨһʣ֣ܿղ֪ΪΣٳٲ
˵˵Ѧ¡


ͼУſڣȥѰ䡣
ߣֻҪĲ̫ԶܸӦ˼·ߵĹ˵ûм

û̫̰࣬棬ǳԼԶȥˡ
һ磬ʮң׷׸Īʧ٣Ѳʹһ顣ʵϺһ͸оһЩһǿšȴ˿Ҳ׽κζϢ

㲻ļȥѧУһۡ
¼ģûڴ⿴˺һᡣ

ûм˵Ǹձˡ
һӿտյģûѧУ


ϣνȥ칫¥
ƽ·õĺܣ֪ǵƻ˻·⣬һڡ
ЩϾжԼ

ĸоûɫʮ·ھһֱ
Ҫ֣㲻֪ͻȻûסĲӣӲǹ˦˺Զ
عͷȥڴһ¡

ɫ˵׼ӽѧУ
ǺһòŰױޣɶԸǻǰױޣܸ֪֮¡ɫǰ컹һƻŮǿŮ֮¡

ɫյÿȥһ
ɿɫſڵϣŵֱ£Ҹãأ´ξˡҰɣұ֤ԶԶأ뿪У뿪ʡɲ
ǳһŵùס

ǣŸ˵Ͼڣûڣȥ
ʦȥ칫ҡ

ϱܡ
ʦˣֲܲȥΡΡĹʲôˣ
һЩٶ˵¡


ɫ

ɣһ·ס
Ͻкδˡ

עһֱЩ޳ܾҪƵġû칫¥ȥˡ

εģ
ǵĺδˣڸѵꡣ

ȥ
ǰͷջ꣬Ⳮ·

˻ɫ˳·Ҵȥʮһ
˳·ʮǧ
ֲҾܾЦ׼͵

Ӱ칫¥ںڵµţһ̣ޱůĻϲسܹȥ߰ɡ

ʦʲô
ѧϰϵ¡

ϴοԳɼˣ
ţһ꼶ھš

ԣŬ
ûн𣿡

һۣѧϰԼ¡
ޡ

Ҫʲô
ĵصߣȥ԰


š

ûʲô֮ģ
ûС

Щ֣ǰʲôǹȥˣ»ҿļ죬һССĻ¾ͻܾܺúܾá

ߣСˤ
Ȼпһ䣬ӿΣھͳȥ档
üţӿΣ

죬˵˵
һû䣬м𣿡
ûУҲüΣûг֡һμģ죬֮ǰҸյֽǮ
Ժ㲻ҪգȱǮһ
ޣá

ССǰƣôô
Ļᡣ

ؼģϰʱ䣬˶ѧϰȴ˷ѱʱ䣬߿вˡ
һԣ첽߿ˡ

һ㡣
Ļֱѧϰȥˣ


짽գؼҳԷʡ㻨Ǯ˸⡣
ʻţŵ⣬ĵؿųķ羰

Ȼһ𣬼ǰͷĵǰλϽ鵰⣬ûлٵȣ͵תȥ

󾪺˯˼ûȵˡŵ˾򿴹ȥĿδ͵ת
ڵϣһŮһƨϣ˿Ѿ˲ʲôЩײұߣǧ棬ˤͷת

ͷͷǽк
˾аһֱֱسһ󿨳ʻȥ

㲻ܶʮСʱڼߣºܶ࣬Ϊæɵ¹ʷʱڸѲ顣
Ժٶȣ˾Ʒ̲ɲӦÿŤת棬ɾ͵˾ʱ򣬺ȻһԶ

ͼһ飬ֱ𿪡
˾ģǱԼΣһ顣

ۿҪײ˴ĳǶûӵĹȥӰΧĳ
鼱֮£ת򿨳˾ڣת̣빫ͷȴɲײ·ߵˡ

һ̣ʹҲͬܡ
ʹãǿư˾壬ʱſ˾ֱڳϣһбĸֱͨࡣ

ɵˣؿǰմѪ塣
ٿ˾վԱߣͬʱɵؿԼӦתΪޡ

޲ߵؿűͷʹ޵ӣ˫ֲţʲôͷ鿴
ȫͣס˾˹ȥ

ҵǣһ޴󰭡
ҵǣֽһ޹


ɣǴ
ʮǰ˾ʮһר˾¹ꡣΪѲʹϤΪߣɣΪʡ˴Ϊʮºɵ˼޹֣̿⣬СˡսʮձС

ǰٻһˡʮһȫͬ£Ȼͨڣ湦㣬ܣȥ

˼䡣
źڰ壬
㲻̴ţԶá

ܵʱ䣬һ˵˰ɡ
ûɫȻᡣ

δ壬ҪǱȥֵһȡ
Ĵһͷ֮飬ûи֮𣿡
ǹ

Ҳиģϴĸû£ͬ£ؼƽ̫࣬Ҫһһ壬ˡ
⵹ǡ

ʵغδ˸̣ҿ
뵽ǰɱ˲գ۵ӣǽ׵궦Ͱ궤ѡ

˵Ǹͦļһرأ˺˶ˣڶûץ

ϲ㾡Уûմǣ۶ǽŮ
ڣ¿ˡ

ʦ뿪ҡѧ̳ȥԷ
ͤˣһˡ

ûȥڽţдһ󣬴óһ
ҧһڣߣôͳ

ǰ󻷹˱飬û˲Ÿ˵ȥˡ
ҪԷ
Ѿˣһ٣ܺóԣȥո㳢㲻˵ʵȥˣһûգؼҲ˵һλ˾ûҿ̫ˡ

û˵
Ҿײ£ûʲô¡

кȵ𣿡
ͳһƿ̣ǰҡҡеġ

㿴ĳ࣬ЦЦҪԵ㣬ڻڳ塣
ͷ

̧֣ҪԴڰͣ£˻ȥ֨
ţ߳ű̧ۿ
Ҳȥ԰ˡʱҪ뿪һʱ䡣

Ÿջȥã
ʮ졣

ԷȤûˣ죬ȥæɡ
ˣ

ûСݺݵҧһ͹Ĺĵġ
һȥ

̧ͷЦаɣҵ㡣
á

һʲôأͤͻȻſܽŵüҭסôȥԷ
붯̣һڣ㲻Ҫȥôˣ
ֻˡֻͤС뿪ˣҸóԵĻ

ͤߣֽˡ
ͬѧ˷

ʱ䲻ˣˣؿúѧϰ͵
͵͵ءš

עⰲȫѧЩӡ䶼ˡһŵùб㣬ҲҪµġ
ͷٿȥѾˡ˼磬ؿҧ
Ȼζˡ


ھӼҵСкȥˡ
ҹ¥ļ˿һҹ짹ȥæɥ£һҹδ顣

ˣÿÿߵʹģҲžġ
΢įڴߣͷЩۣƤţʮ롣˯ˡ

ڹδ磬غŸڶ϶Ŀ޺͸ǽڣСҲϢпؿƵģͣˡ
ڹϵײ˹ҹʹϺü࣬첲̧
ܣûһĵط

ŴţĪһͷ£˸ʱ˶ˡ

÷ɭɭģҲǽˣеģȿԹҪüţȻ³һ˫ţĺձľ죿

̧ģòˣǺͰġһԲüĿضԼ΢Цͷ۵øˣ
үүҪʲô

ɣͳƣ̣ŵʶ壬ôңҵ֮





43.  43   лϰ

ھӼ, ĶһֻۣŴ, ȥҿһ, ûˡ
͸¿ͼ˯Ь, ֱСߣȥ



Ļų¥ܵСſ, ѾӰˡ

·ߵ̫̫˵ȥˡ
æܹȥ

׷ʱ򣬼վ棬짼, , վʲô

·ۼ, Ҳ׷ȰСŮ, Ҫ𣿡
ûʲôȥģѾͷ벻

짺, Ъ˹غҹ
͵ؿźˮ

, ȻȥŹҪʲôҶ㣬Ǹ, 
ɻ󣬾ĸӼˡ

㵽ɡͷײأҪ˺ˡ

Ȼֱֱ֣׹ȥ
짵֣ſϣ·ס

嶯
ʱĸ׵ǳӴŷĺˮ͵˦§סԼˣطΧȥӾ
·еıеߣҪʩȡ

ˮһ̣ȻѹΣǺʲôץס˽һק
ĶˮȴƺһЩ岻

֮
߰ɡ
֮

޷޷˼
Ȼһź֣͵ӰֱһɾϹ򿪡
Ѧ塣

˼伸ʮ꣬ڶ࣬㲻Ϲ»Ұڵͷˣʲôû˼ʮһЩϺз׷˵úܡȥĵطܹҪȥģˣһӲ
ȥ˾ǰȥǸмŮ˭֪յӸȥ

Ѧ忴Ų³ļˮԼãܿ㵽ˮ棬ϵ˾ȥ
Ӽ˹ȡ

֮
֮

ѹ

Ϳ˼Ǻˮ
Ѧ嶨ģת˲ŭͷѭŸղǶȥϹٶȺܿ죬أĪûټͣȦ
Ѧ弱ˣʲô

ϹϷ£סͷѦ巴Ӧ죬ʱšסϹһ伫Զ
Ѧ忴Ϲӣʱ޷ԿأĹҪ˺飬

ϹЦ㻹ǵҡ
ɻӶϵ㣡


Сסֽš
Ź̵ִĹűӲҶ֣δˣŵ㡣

ٷϻ㡣
˦űƴȥݺݿһۣƽʱô̵ִģ

ٿعȥδ
㲻ϻ

ΡΡӣСˡ
ٶ˵һ任㡣

ݺݾһӡ


̰գԽˡ
С֪һЩϢ

ˡ
㷭Ĳӣܻʮ꣬򲻸ʱ

˾ȥӲ˻꣬δڣҴҰ޳Ƥ

䲻ͬһλС޳ҲǾѲʹģΥԹԷ˾ȥˡ

짼ɷĹη壬ҲŮôС˭׬ǮһϵһСģһȥɡ
Ź£Ͻûֻ˸Ρ

㽫˻ȥ짻ȴٳδѡڿشޡ
ڱǽһߡ
֨

ϵûӦ
Ұˣȥ

ûӦ
㿿Щ

ŸоĻûˡ


Ѳʹ׷¶δи֪ȥˣ㷢ȫǹټҵĽͷöСϢٵص
ʳ

ҰСһ㱨š
һߣԸһѲ޵͵С

̫ˣԼʲôֱײһҪķ¥
һڰڵúڹѪ˷䣬óססۼº㷢û뵽ͷɵ塣

Ǵǰδⶫ궤ѹţЩֳ̣ŵأʹϾҲɢһ㡣

ҰڿڲԶþò
㿴һ̣ɱ㣡ȥˣ
˵֮Ұ΢Цһ𣬺ܺãġ

磡
ͻȻ

磡ߡ
䣬ģ

Ұųſڵأȥˣȴģ
֮£ûϵ֧Ҫþһ˿Ѫ

һԽСձСӣ޳ֶΣձޡ
˵ĶԣǸиĽҰŻɢȥĺ㣬ӣôҴ򣿡

ָ֣ǿվʹױ޴Ұɶȥ㣬ױ޷ɣؿɢ

˵㲻ҵĶ֡˺İױޣһ˦ϣźſڵϷ׵ģʹ쵽˼㣬ıޣ
ͣ

磡ҰȱߣĽţյģ㲻úµġ
úҰЦſңôú

ҰȻסĲӣôãûΪ㣬ôô£Ҿȳ㡣

޷ϵĺ㣬ŽС硣
ҡ䣬Ұڡ

ŭɶǿͻȻȥδǰ㱻𿪡
ɱʳʳԽԽϲ˵ôҶҰݰױޣס벱ӣûһ£ɢҲԲ

Ұ֮ǰųĻǣڰգľľۣûʶ

һ̣۵Ķֿʼ궯
Ұ̹⣬֣ʳ룿ǵ˾˼Լ¶Ϊֵ𣿡

ʳ룬ЧΪʳ߲ܶ飬ʡޡ֮롣ɣ˿ᷢɫĹ⣬ԽʢԽǿжأǧŶȥ۾ȻҺ˳֮ӣȫԴˣֻҪ飬ͻһʱҪơ㵱겻Уʮһӿ

ιôȻǰˡҰ§ż°ͣƵؿŵϵĺ㣬̼ô㿴òɵòҵġ

֮㿴İ֮ˡ
Ȼѣ㿪㣡

ҰػҪԡ
ʹ򣬡ſң
Ұûһ㷴ӦԼЦ֮Ҫ֡

㱻ױ޿ƣãſ

СձСӣң
Ұü֮ô˵

תҪȥֱ˻ţҰ̾˿֮ǲϽңǰһĶ㣬ôأ

Ȼж¶񣬳·γ궤žʹҲ𽥻ָ͵ױޣҰ˹ȥ
Ұûзǽ⣬׷˹ȥױ޻ŭ𣬡
ױλߣƺݺݴҰ

Ұˣβںڽ֮УһʱָˣŶڷӺĸһȻһŵõɴ۾үү
䣬ˤ¥£Ҳץס
үүҪǡ

Ұģδ˵꣬㽫ʳ
ʲô飿ĿܣԼնԸ

ʧȥʶ㱧ҪͻصȥҰʳ˴ָܿ׷ȥױವķɹסֽš
㿴к飬Ҿͽ͵

ױԽԽҰãʹҲҪѹƣ
ױʶɡ

ҰûҿԷǳɱǾˣ
ױ޺Ȼɿ

Ұʹȫױޣʱƶɳҵسȥ
ҰסץסȻԸߣǱԶںһɣ

㱻ѲżĻ꣬Ȼ궤γ
ʱðŨŨĺţ𽥻ʮָȫ˺ɫٴλΪҰ˹ȥ
ĺδںϵļ˳

ҰסȻ̶ĳЦ˰궤˰궤ҵòҲò
ȫʧȥƣͽ˺顣

궤ʮһѹƹĻȻ궦аȡղǻعⷵգܿ죬ɢһϢ
ױ𣬲Ϸɳ顣ƮڰգƣԶýסױޡ

޵˻궦ʮ꣬һ˼ʮꡣ
ջǼ˻ޡ


˯ѹۿķ䣬̵õסۡ
째Ͻϴ
ˡۣ

ÿ֣Ϸ㶡
֣˵仰ȴûһ㷴Ӧ˵仰

ͻȻ
짼æôˣӣޡ

ս֣衣
ڣ⡣

Һܡ
ͷȥţڸڣţһͲˡ

˳ȥ
ؿڣֹ

еĸ顢Ĵԡ
Ҫըˡ

Ҹɱҡ

㣬㿴ѩˡ

ϹͷһӾˡ

սʤ㻹ûҾͲˡ

ɱ㣿

еˡ

㳤ˡ



һ꣬¡

ϾȵҲ֪ſ֪ˣûû˵ؽһϡ
ķȻˣȥޣڻûͻлٱ˻ð˯ѣԺֻСƵȷ磬ͷ˲ϸĺ顣

Ϊȥŵĳɢľصڵ̺ϡ
źɫۣʲôʱ򣬺ɫԵóƣⱾͲ죬ȥҲžûš

лϲɫ۵¡ͷҪôŷҪôŰײߺڵģ֣ʱ䡣
ǰЩ꣬ǣɥ

һȥ
ɥ

˵ϰˡ

Զ֪ڲˡ
¥µİֺϰ壡
ϰ壡

紩ƤЬȵ¥죬ϰ壬пˡƿţ̽ͷϰ塣
лٷ˸ȵڵϣʰһԣֳվƤлء






44.  44   

Ŵ, Цŵȥе죬ǸϹ˿, Ҫء
лټľ, ⽫ͷϣ¥, еŮģ
λͰ͵ñһӡںͷѹЦ, Цĺܡ

лټ¥µŵĿˣ治ɫ߹ȥãʲôҪ
Ҫװ, , Ҫ㣬ڸá

ʽʲôҪ󣿡
ָ˿ϵ, ġ

ȸ
ڵתһȦ˿ڴ, ʣл𣿡
еģ¥롣

лٴ¥򿪹, ͷĻ˳, վԱ߿š
лټͷ󺹣ͣʿˮȻ˾䣺Ҫȵʲô𣿡
Ǿ鷳ˡ

Ȼǲ裿
ˮɣ̫ȡ

ܺȱ𣿡
ˡ

л밢˵ȥõ, Ҫ㡣
G

¥ȥˡ
ŲԶ˲̧ۿûԼˡ
ҡ

һҸ绻
ˣɡлָĦһպãҶϲϣڿ죬һ˶ʡҺܶ¡̧ۿˣһ£Ҳ֪Ҳ̫ദ˲ֵ֪ĥ϶á

ЦЦаɣҪ˾͸˵
š

˵¡ӣСĴ򿪣ġ
ôࡣ

һ֣׼ţٰʣµ
ˣȥ㣬ϵط
á

Ҫܽӣˣ֪٣ǳʲô£Ҳ㣬һҪ뿪Ͼֵһˡ
ڹؿڲôһǲͽȥ

ҵ˼ȥƽФ
áл˸ӣһһŲ

ͳ˲ҵ˸ձԱ
лᡰšһ

šʲô˼
лժվ㣬ȥϸµĵϣĵ˵̫û֣ģɱһˡ

˳Ĭ
лڰϵңصı飬ϹЦ⣬˵棬Ű

ûɡ
ֲ˾ǵˣ̸ʲôɡлϸ̣СӰҹ͵͵ͼſˣԼѭζʲô취

С
лƮƮؿ֪ܵ

˴ϸָ廨ʹһ㲻
С㡣

˵ţűˮˡ
лóһ黳һȽʺ£
ˡ

罫ˮ£ˮ
˵ͷлл


ȥɡ
áΪ·롣


лڻ˯һ죬ѹʱɫ谵
ͷЩʹ˱ƺ¡¶ǣࡣ

лſձͷŴ滺ķ羰ÿ춼ҪȾƵģֻһڣҲ˽¡
뿪ɽկǰجΣεڱʬҲûţʱƵģֲʵξǵڲһ¡ôë

̾±ӣȻǸС
һΣˡ

ʱʬ嶼յĿȫǣֲĸĸһ顢һ߾ȫѵһɽ۵Ļһ

ϵǮƱˣǿǸĸĻǮкǰ׹ҪһԸ񵱽ˣֻʬ塣ʣĶԴڻԭ룬պӦˣҲˡǰѲǹҲһߡ
ºˣˣǮҲûˡ

ڹ˼һҪɽǶϻŸأûȥӦֵǮ
漴Լһȭͷ˵Ķ룬˰ɡ

¾ʣһѺγ־͵ĵͷ˿鱦ʯ˲ʶûһͬ˳ߡȻɽկµһȻˣȻģ黳
лٺԥؽ˵Ǯ

ϲձˣлٲĿŵܣϯձͷӼøϽ뿪
лҲҪμұţΨһϣˡ

ʱ˲ôù°Ժˣ֪¾ټҰǨлְһˡ

ɳɽǰ·лһϲ÷죬ҪȥϺ꣬ȱѧͽûʲôȥȥˡ
һ·Ͽ˵翵£ûãգҲıʦѧ·׬Щ΢нˮϻȥӵС𽥺

գʦСȥһǸȤĸ̫̫ͣɡлٲϲ죬Ӳϴ𻰡غ̫̫Ȥ졣
̫̫뿪ûš

ȹлע⵽ǽϹ໭࿴˼ۣһߵͻǰ

ϲ
лȥͷһλ۾꣬ʺãʮ˹ġлٶʱѦĻ˵žǴ롣ûоţ˼
õǸ

Фƿӣĸģ
ǵġл̲סֿһۻʵ壿

㶮
һЩԶһ㡣

ử𣿡
ᣬһǹ

ôˣ
Ѻڡ

Ф΢Ц߽ѧйת
ڲںĻм˼

ΪǴᷴ֡
ҪʱģĻչıȻ׶Σ̳кʹͬҪ

һЩȤһ£
лĿƽؿۻ֮˼ҵûȥˡ

Фû´μ
лٳòԵͷ뿪ˡ

Ф÷ȡ·ٴμ棬Ϥһд軭աٺФȥ+ѧν̣лٸһȥϾһҲ÷̡ФƱƽרлپһֱϾ

ϴμ棬ѽˡ

֪лҪФƺڳվ
һСʱŵ

лӳФһӭȥˡ
š

ӹӣôء
ߡ

ФЦЦ겻ݲ١
ҺúóԼ١

Фƴȥõס£һ·糾ͣһˮлٱӣһߣǺˣ˺ɫɫͻɫ涼ǿյģƫɱ鵽ܾܡлٸӣ࣬Сĵ㡣
ġ

ͳȥеԵģһٴȥ
á

ФתҪߣлٽסߣСģõġ
Цֵѵˡ

лϣȥȥɣ˯һˡ



лƽΣûϷ
һģФƵѣн¡էһ˵ֻЩ䡣

һ̨Ϸ꣬ȥк
Фؿȥɡ

лټ뿪˿ڲ裬һ£ϲ㡣
Фƶãϲ

лŲĿ⣬ϵǣװʲôɵ
Լã

˵ҽ飬㵹һҲϵлбһۣ΢̣ûо
ôһ˵ƺео

л̾òѧ˼´ࡣ
һֱ䵭Ϊû˼

䵭ԸŰ⣬ֻ㿴
ФЦǱá

лֿǺ½
㼪ԡ

лپ豭۵һ£ǲܽнСˣøĿڽɩӡ
ɱҽС

Ȼ¥⴫һȺűձ˴˽
лٸűӡФס֣ɡ

ձҪ峡ɷؽǸϳȥƵĵġ
лվ߰ɡ

ǹµĽг
¥ͻȻһкסˡ

ФûӦײıȥϽļ磬ôˣ

˵ִٵҹصĿڡ̫Ϥˡ
лٻ¥ݣȺſߡֻΪ׵Ű׳ƿѥ§Ϸ¥ϰļ˵ŵֱ¡

л߽ˣֱת
ϹϷŪЦ˴ǰ߹ȥŮӣĿһƬ˪ʱЦס

лͷһ𣬽ѹʯء
ߣʲôձصһ£ФƸæסߡ

׳ФƵ֣Ȼ󲽹һסлٵ󣬽ק˻
Ŀԡ

лٶû˵ҲûȻؿϤġּİס

ǰ֮˺ȻһʶԼģḡ°ͣСˣ᣿





45.  45   

û, ȻûѵûɽˣǸʱͶձˣ

Фƽл󣬡˼, , ײ¡
׳ֱ, ֱֱضл١

Ӻ̨˹׳кС
׳ⲻǽС

лŲĿ, İ
ʲôСѲϴˣ
Ҳ̫ˡ

죬ѣСĪҪΪѡ
Ϊѣ׳ֿл٣Ϊ𣿡
лû֨

ֽװձ, λ, òô˳йʰ׳⼸λǣ
ǽС㣬᳤İŮ׳뽪½, λǻ
ȻѣǱ͡

׳Ȼϰһɤ, ĻǸϽʰˣ˫ֲ㶵ȥ, ̧, ŵذѽŴǰϡ
ϰŵһͷ

뻨ͷ, ΢Ц׳˵Сͣǻ£㲻ˣǡ

׳ֳ̧ۣлٿȥ³֣͡

֜Флٳȥµ˾ѳſڣǡչ䣬˿лٵȥסɡ
лûлӦ

Фƻͷô£Ĳɵġ
лٻعֽԼ󣬵ͷ

¸ʹ˸ɫлٵ֣ĵôˣ
лɣûʲô

֪˭
˭

˾ȿ˿ڣޣһȺձռ˶Ұ̨վȺձƣҿôϽûõģ

С˵ǰֶлٵСе죿
лҡͷ

СصĶӣС̫һ׵ܵܡ½С˵йģڻձȥ׸йع˸ְ䲻˾٣ձλȴܸߣϾλǣǸٽ
оաФƻͷ£ں̨ûղſ֮񡣡

˾źӾЦлС»ؼɵöԶ㡣˵СձǷ񱣬ϲŮˣһذһŮĴؼңأƤ˸ˡ

ФƼлһԲ֮
л̧š

ˣ
ûСлЦһ£ôС𣿡

ͣùǰ
лǵ𣬱ȥˡ

ӸշФ˾ͣ£Խ˵Եһᣬȥ˵仰
á

лѾſڣФƿ첽ȥôʲô
򿪷ţ°ˣȥɡ

£
лٶŵƣĬƬ̣û°

ðɣϢʲô¸Ҵ绰Ф߳ȥá
š

лȥ˩ţ

С
ƨǺ㡣

лٱۣķ꣬Դײ˼ţͻȻнŲۣתȥ˺ûѸ٣һס֣ɽѹϡ
èŻ˭أ

лٱסһܶ㡣
ͷƬ̣ЦӦG

ſıôãԭءת˫֣ͷҿϸƯˡ
ſ
֣лپҪֽѹס򲻹ҡ

лٷδȴǰЩˣӷǸƺͦβ١

Ǹеأ


Цˣ
š

ڲңûˡ
㻹ʡ

ϲ㣿üߵһҷϲ
йϵ𣿡

ôûϵǲϲ
ԣҾϲ

㶢˫ͻȻЦˣ֣䣬˴ϣƭңСƭȥڲڲ˻СĴ죬ܾã˵ˣҲţһֱ㡣
Ҹʲô
㡱£ȻЦ㻹ܸʲô˴ϽеĺҸˣ㻹ʲôô
л˸ƿӳҹȥȽסһߣƢӡ

С
üţ

ʲôʱ˸ձˣлٴǰ߹ȥǰŪҵͷ֪й𣬺㣬Ǻտ

ЦſŮˣ
ѹկﶼڴձ˵֣СصĶӣðݡл͸žӿʲô
ֻ㡣

лŲĿ⣬Цһ
ʵƽʲô

˰
š
㰮Ųš

ʲôʱʶģ
öˡлٵϰ뱭ƣ뿪ɽկʶˡ

ޡ
Ϊʲô

׼ޡ
ƾʲô

ǲ׼Ҳ׼
ôǼޣСؾĪҪձɱң

վߵ󣬴ֱؽɱʲôɱɱȫңҵҪûеȢ
л˦Ц󣬡ˡ

ӣҪܲҸǿģź𣿡
һϲġ

ƭӡȻ§סǰһԼ壬Ǽ٣ӵŮˣӲҪ㣬ҲܸˣǺμҵĹء
ҲμҡлٳŪЦһٵҽȣСŮǻ̿֡

ססˣӽС˵ٵңҵĵܵܣǰˡ
˵ȥӰĴǰ̣лĿתؿͼ۲ϸ΢ı仯ıߵģ

㲻ĻȻץסͷ˸صѹϣ⼸˯𣿡
лٱײֱ۷飬˵аܶࡣ
ӴǣҼʶ¡§ֱӵϣһ˺ۡлڱִֶ㵥סֻ֣Ҷһֻ쵽ǰͷһѣЦˡ

лһ䣬ࡣ
ʲôޡת·ͣܺ죬ȻӰӽο㳢ҹҹζ

лٲƽؿ
ûһٿЦס𣿡
лһĸߵ¡

˵·ûߵڣͷһۣΪ֮лС㡣

Ӵ˳ȥ
һȷ紵ɴߺ͵
лڴϣһ


лһҹδߡ
ڶգФƴ

ûʲôθڣͷ۵
Фվڴڣ߶߶˺þãлһ仰ûȥ

֮
֮
лٻع񣬿ţ
û˵

˼˵һ顣
˵ձȻӴѲ飬ǰʱͬ־ɱˣڸ·ڶձ̲飬ݽͨԱ˵ÿҪһϸ飬Ů˵֬ˮۺжţվĸϡ

лٳ˼Ƭ̣ҵи취еðա
˵˵

㡣
Ф߽ɳϣң

Ұɡ
ô

һձѡлһؿ֮ˡ
ʲôձѣô֪

㲻֪¶ȥˡлվȥƣˡ
Һһ𡣡
˶෴ȫҡ

ФƶľƱˣһ硣
л˻ٹҡ


⼸פ;Ǻͻȥ԰Ϸ
лٰиΡ

ϣϷ¥뻨˵˼仰һȥˡһ·Ƶػţ˴Ǻ«
лٸ֣ͳ𴦿һۣȻ͸ˣߡ

û߼Ȼһֻס󣬾ֱһ
һǺ«һסļ򣬰ǽϣ³Ҹˣ

˾ƣһصľζ
лٵؿǰʲôʱߣ࿴ۡ
ô߰
𣿡

ҧһǺ«ߣ̧죬˾ʹߡ
лٴչȥҧסǺ«촽죬˹

촽Ķ߳Ϸʲôɧ
ؾ׽ὫϣһԲСǰס

̧֣ǸǺ«ŵߣһţ
Ҫˣеᡣ

ҵǾͦ𡣡Ȼֱ˵ؿڣɽž׹ȥСԴִʲô⣿
ûʲô⣬Ǻþòɡ

ȥ𣿡
лٳĬˡ

ϴӸ̸𣿡ḡЦӸˣƽϣؼȥɣȵ㣬

˵ţˡ
Ǻ«һֻߴıӰ

лԶȥ
ʱ꣬ˣˣȴøˡ


Զˡ
˸䣬ĵط֣ͣﻹδȥ
΢΢ͷŵҪѣһȥ

Ա·
̧ͷһ竲ģ˿Ǻ«ǰС






46.  46   

лܲ, ͷĺܡ
Ҳڻϡȥ˺üβ跿ڡɡ

㴩һɫװ, ģ
ǻȷлٵ, Ư˼£˵ֺ, ȥк
ֱӰƽ

лٽˮյػϡһֲſڴһֵų, һԲ
л̧ƮƮһۣù

֣ȥ
лٽ˰ᣬšŸߺȲл, 
ûѽлٴ˴ˮ, ų, ȥиڣ伸ٷ

, ڽ¾ҪҽС
¾ɾûϵлٵЦ, ²豭, һҹްնҲ¶ˮԵˣͬﷳ˵úܣǶҿ, 㲻ܹܣ

㻹¿
ҵǲ£ŵ˦ȥ

ֽı˹һڡ
մʺĹҿɾͲҪˡ

ʹ㽫Ƶǰ䡣
˷ѿࡣ

ӣͷװʲô
Ů˵ĶҲȤ

˹ҿ㲻ԹԴ򿪡
ٵҿȴ򿪿лӣŵϣҪ

ûжӣȴӣվѹ°š˶Լң
𣿡

ḡЦסĲӽϣǵÿ
˵ţлپ

һ£ǡ
㲻Դ˯㣿
ԣһлıϣεᣬοǺμʣµΨһء

ɫ죬᲻ɱ㣿˫մ˶˵Ѫ֪𣿡
֪

Ȼߵš
㳶˳ڣţʱغ𣺡ʲô
ǲƱԱͷһǲܻСʺ򡣱΢Цعô˵ĸߺӣӵü˳ۣҪڡ


صıϡ

лپؿٵƢ꣬ǰѹֹߡ
ץסͷ˻ͷ֣ھͰȥ
ۡлüˣɿ
ɿȥһڹϰ뱭衣

лҲȥಱӣҲȥɣԣ¾

ûش
Ůزģձµúܣ³һΣ

治ɫɭɭġ
лٿЩ˻֣Сؾ

ȻסͷԼӼ䣬ĿںӡСǣѧвˡ
лƿҿûв㡣̧ƤͰ͵ؿ¡

װǰһģһ
ɺƫƫףƣתֱӿˡ


ֻһҹһ·ϲࡣ
磬лӹȥء

ҹһվ¾
ŻжʮӡлĥҸʲôȥ㣬ˡ

ڹȷʵ³һ·϶ձϸ飬лٸͷֱ뿪վûһ˸
лúԼ͵õꡣ

ýֵÿһֿܣ˶Բߡ
ɺ£ˡ

лٰסֻȥͨԱˡ
˷䣬ţӣڴЪ˻ᡣ̫ڣգߵӡƬձ˿Ƶء

·ϳ˺ͷ´´ľ
Сӡʽձ̡

л͵ӡ
ǰشƬڰɡ


ءȥʹݺȾƣһĻлȡ
ĺãװЩձ˲֪ĵ

ȶˣᵽһҪ˵ľǹ֧ҩ
پƺȵֵͻ˫˫ιòʡ¡Ӧ껹˽¾ۻᣬܻķֱѡҲͷˣֽŶƲס

˲ų˾ݣ˾ֱͻؼңŻصԼס

һһס
˾ںʡ£¥Ъ±뿪ˡ

ӿȥʱ´ĵȥ䣬ָѾƿ˳

ɻͷΣƾ壬Ҫûʶһظ˵·ߣŬذÿֿ

һԡ׵ˮһͷ˽ȥ


ҹлٻصõꡣ
ʮָˣѶ˳˳ȥ¾Ͳˡ

Ҫϴ裬ȻϼƷһ£˯һϾ
û壬ͷᡣ˭֪ýˣ˴죬·涼𶯡

лٲµţַ蹷£˺û˸ɵóش˯£ȥţв𣿡

ֱӹ˽ˤڵϡ
ˣɾȱߣڵҲǺõġɵЦţȥܸˡ

лûţűһš
ɲˡ

ʲô£Ц
󳵾Ϣ˳ȥϾǵˡ
ܲЦ
Цˡ

㱻ţŶӻɵϡ
лٹţĽһ£װ

һ
лٱþƵմ־˷ѣĬĬŻȥȥһˮϡ㻹һ㷴ӦûС
ǣ׼ȥһ

תȥһֻסֱӽϡ㻢ظǹӺͷס
л˫ȥסԼֱۡ

ľһڣ̧ѹס
лٲöſ

㵱Ȼţᱧø֨
֪ĺһͻ˸лľ

֨ˡ
лЦһ

Щȥˣ
޿ɷ档

ûң
ǽټ㳤ʲôˡ
ôϣסļ磬󾱣ҵʱʱ㡣΢תѹ£˫ֲͷ˫Ŀشҹҹ롣

Ҫ
ЦЦƣͷƤ飬ɵʲôҲԡںǰʲôһ

лٴ֣͵ؽƿβֱ˻ڻлٱÿ촭̣ؿڵĳźգȴš
𶯣ұᡣͷұһ

лƬ̣ʣڸ𣿡
Цૣ͵ǰɡ

㻹ǲҪ
˯㡣ıǼ˲ĶͷѵҪҪһ£

ֻ𣿡
ֻ¡رס̾Ҳ˵ģһǶܵ-ҡ
лЦһǻʵء֪Ѳ˫ֵţԼһƬ϶»۰òˣӦð
ٷϻʲô»

ôҵ˵Сúܡ
˭˵ģֱۣǸֻۣ
лûлش

ƨ㰴סԴ˰ûС
ûѾҵˡȻ𽪼˾˵Ļ̧ʲôʱɵĹ񱣿

Ȼ˼ˣ
лٲɫһоԼҲҪˣٲҽˡ

адˡ
ЩձǸУŶӽУ⡣
졣Լ°͵ͷҪ˵ˡ

лٳûһһȥѹ¡
⼸ձӣš°ͣȥǼǳĺܡ

лȭͷҪȥȻۿһ񣬡Ҫ𣿡
лٶʱˣȭͷ漴ȭ͵Ķߡ

ЦҰɣһˣȥҼ˯ܴ󡣡

ǸһԺۡ
лٻһȭϡ

ͿĵʱѪҲûѪţСǣôݡ

лٳǹ
ۣţ߻ˣء

лǹĲӣ㵱Ϊձ£
ôҪһ𣿡

ļˡôģ
ǲʶʱ񣬹ֵ˭


ɣ䣬һ̹

лƵܡ
ܵѸеǹж˱գӵǽߣһ§лˣҧ֪һ̻ʲô²ŵ浽һԥس
л˰Σû

֨Щꡭ𣿡
һ仰Ȼ־߽⡣

·벻߼ʵĸľһֻӴĳ̵Ķ֩룬˿̺ȻмĽţɻ׵Ķëȴܸġ

û
ûС


롣


ȷ
ʮʱ⣬Ҳܸһ϶Ĵ𰸡Ψһһ˵ڣڴȡ

꣬ԼƢԽ˶˵Щǵתͷȥ߸ɴһ˽ɵ˺⣬Щϲ̨Ļ绰ôôζԼе㲻

лٲǸƽˮˣڳЩ󡭡˵ģϽŲҪȴѳ
ǺӲǰڡ
ƭ˵йܶ
иƨ
ûС

ʲôħ䣬ȥһˡ
ڣǸ˻ˡ
ˡ

˯ˡ
ĺЩأٱǰ˲١

лƿһΣɵطſ֡

ɱ顣
ѭ˰ͷ

лԼٴǹַ¡
Ա֡˵֣һϣԸðնһѣģһ֪ǿҪԼ˯һɱһ󺺼飬Ҳ⼸ɱĺӼĵֵǮ

лϸĦ
ǰиͬ˵ݣڶʮˣǸʮ˾ġѹð˺տ֪ϸʶȥҲỳɵġ

лٻ񣬻ϲ۲ˡòȻ˹İУçŵǫǫУһƤңôȥˣ
Ȼˣڵ̶ȣǱʲôԭ򡣻Щ˵ܡ

㣿
ᡰšһ

ʲôʱȥձ
һꡣ

һȥģ
š

˭ȥģ
㲻شˡ

лٿĽëЩʲôǹǹ
ߺһ

Ե𣿡
㲻֨

㻹й𣿡ָᴥĶ⣬ǣͺһҾͲˡ
صţܷһ˿һ

㷭˯ȥ

лֱˣĬؿһᡣ
һζȥ˸衣

ˮ
ûпƣŴؿŴɴϡЩĴ⡣

һڰ硣





47.  47   ɱ

лϴ, Ѿ뿪ˡ
ڴϸ˺ܾãһҲûС

еƣЩ, 
һ, ¥²Զ̶ĻЦ⿴ȥǸձ, ɫͷʮְСԵϵ·ֳɡ

ͷкδûӦ, Ȼȥ˸йͷһһ߶Ц˵
ЩԶлö϶, ֮Щ˵ۡ

лڴǰ, Ūͷ, óϷˣŵͷϹ

Ծһ±, ݣ⽨˸ʲα޹, ˡ¾, 濴ȥһƬͣǾƤĹ

ڣտܵô, צ쵽ֿǰǩ˸Э˸÷Эպ֪ʲôɥȨЭǸԼ
߹ں󷽵ƺ̣СձΪָž׷Լ˴ȥѵֿ񣬻Ϊʳ޷

ձǰһŰͷڵϡ
˿ĭ

ˣͷͷֱûӰɥػȥ
лٿᣬͳ߶ΪСϰʲô취ء

ձѵƤҲ֪ʿ˻Ǳ
һ·ձ裬ҡҡλεȥ

ȶˣ⣬ɨɨһƫƧꡣͷۣţڡ

Ȼͣ

죬ɴۣǰһǽϽԼѪͷڷţ˲ס⣬סӣôҲס緢Ѫصȥ

һᣬû˶
òףӻûϡ

лµ߹ȥ·˸֣˳
õǺγ־ĵѵ˽˲ٹӺĲ˵ķһ㣬ɱ˲մѪ

ʮһɱˣҹҹǻ
ʮһɱ˵ڶǹʲôģǵáһģȵĴȱկʱʧˡ

ʵϣҲһֻΪ޹ģɹӸ飬Ǿ۸㡢ɱ㡢ļҡռĹ

ϾΪ׶ﰵյ飬͵¡ǵͼģһһǵϸϸ
СӰйҪˣʱǵķɻ˳Ҳһըһ׼
ȹӸɺ޵Ǻ鰡ƫƫ鲻Ӵ
Ǿ͸ñǧС

лٽؽ߻ֵߵһδŵľƷſڣҪơ
Ƶػλõꡣ


лҹ˯ʮְȣһڶ硣
ȥ˵㶫ҹ˸ضСӳ¡
Եĸˡ

ûгߡ
лٻһ졣ûȵڿȵ˰磬ֽ־

иƯŮкã𣿡
лٴӱֽ̧ۣϸȹɫСƤЬʱ˵ĳسԼЦɡ

ƯŮ£żɽģÿ
ġ


лƤӿϾ

ʲô巨ÿ
塣
壿巨ƯŮ˼Ц죬㶺氡

ġ
ϸ𣿡

лûоܾ
ƯŮԱߣĺúá
лټ˫ۣȻ˵Ҫϲҿ԰С⡣


ǰɡ

лٴӰóһСߣЩҪʱ廨Ҳдô
ôЩ
ʱ£ʱ䡣

лٿİɫԲӣҿȽϺá
ѽ

ʲô
һġ

Ǻںɫǡô·Ͼ̫ˡ
ô죿

ðߡ
᲻ῴ

ԼԼźÿһɫô
е

лٿЩҪҶˡ
áƯŮ˿üۣƤáҪǮ
ҪǮл΢ЦЦҸ¾ز죬Ҫҽ°ɡ

԰һࣿԺȣǺĵط
˰ɡ

ˣƯŮɨΧ㲻λ°ɣ
λ
ǰϽλ
лټֱתӣѹЦ˵ûȤ

ʲô
Слٶ۾żȻĹ䣬ƺͦ˼˵𣿡

Ȼ˵Ưһ־ҡͷǳŮ
ôˣ

ĺ


лû׳ʲôʻƯ߶߶һŮ֮£ķ
һ뿪ˡ

лٻصõ꣬ڣ¥
߳ȥԶס

ʲô
лٴԱƹȥϣҪܣ

ԱߣŲӰȿˣװһ·ƽ
ˡ

ͷΣ겻˲٣·ҡҷ˵ġ
лٻĿһۣҸ

ѧȳϣҪܣ
лЦһߡ

ȥ˰ơ
վھƷ·濴ž߻ȥһǼҼҵĺʲôơ

л˻
Ȼ˽˺һ

Сؾ»
Ѹٵлٵ󣬽§ڻĺףԼؿڣס

ž
߹λСôˣ

Ц˵ˡ
лֵٰ̧ۿϡĽë

ſлŵľƿӣôǴձľơȻü۵ؼЦһսЩֵ죬Ҳ֪Сġ
㳯΢ͷҾˣһȾơ
ȥɡ

л뿪
ԶЩл֪С˭
㲻ǻ

ձã
ʵıʡ

ң±õķְ
ôƯһô죿

СؾôסһŮ
ƿߣЦųĬ


˷ţ㳶˳졣
лٱǽ

ӿڴͳһųƱȥͱˡ
лپƱߣ˺ˡ

ǰһסĺ󾱣Ҫ
ǮİƱ

ͷá
лٽֽȥɡ

ûҹ˸ձˡ
š

⸽
ޡ

û˹𣿡
аһΣһ޸֮Ůӣˡ

ĺ󾱣ʲôʱߣ
죬ô¡

δ˵꣬ͱ⧲ססˣһʱƿ
ɿһ£ɣ

лһ˦ġ
ֱӸ¿°Цһϳˣװʲôߣǰͦϵģ
ǰһֱúܣ㻻

Цݣ֡
лߣŲͷóһѵ

㲻ɫȴڲ
л߻֮ǰ͸ҵģӦǲǵˡô꣬ڻ㡣

˹
лٵʯͷҿˣ˿Ųϡ

û˵
֪Ϊʲôӣ˼ҳޡ²ȥɱ㡣ڰտܣף㲻úǡؿĿҾ裬˹ӺͺѪ岻

ģҲ˵Ҳʶ㡣կٵңĶɸɾɽϡ

Цһм˵һƵ㲻Ҫ˰ɡ
лٴŵϵĶ̵

ˡ
ſڣһ뿪

첽¥򿪳ţʻϡ
һ·쭣Ȼͣ·ľͷ

ỵ̂ȻԱߵǹݺ˦Լ
ҧͷײ·̡

죬ŵ˴ǰ·һһŮ
Ǹձˣ§ŸձŮˣ峵˼䡣

û͵ش򿪳ţȥһ˵š
˳Ƕ߹ǣ۵۽С





48.  48   й

ߵǡʢʱһʲôʲô, ûϸһֱϵ̨Ʒ
ӣع, һۡ

ճؾ, 绰˶㸸ϵ, 绰ҵİ칫ңȥǸ
ȥ

߹ǣҪǱҲ֪Ĺϵ, ҪִˣҶÿ̾ڹʶ޵ĹעʮУǰʱ仹㱬ҩƷо, ¾̫, ϴδǸйŮ˺òײѹҲü, ôձ۹ߣĸлضɣ
, ʵڷεվȥ

ֻһȥƽĻ, ʱ, ȥҽԺ
СճһĿ̣۵ýüͷ³ุ¸µ

㵭ߵ, һ¡
ҲŹģǸҲûãһҪٸĶУ

㵥ֲڿӿڴվһԲ
СճؼĪԼеӣӷŭˣû˵

תͷϷһ̣߹ȥһϣ˼̣ǲۡ
ҹȥ

һڣϡ
㣡

ƵЦСճһ˳ҶֻŲͣ
ֵϸ̣վţĬĬйһᡣһ̳꣬ߵߣͷڸޱظСճء

Сճͺ죬ؿڴţ۵졣
⸱ףʵЦ˳˳СճصҶˣˣ˭ңһ䣬Ұ㼹׵Ҳ߷ϣһΡ

Сճ̧طһ£ֶڲҡҪ塣
ڶûá˵һ¾ûô˵ҰɣȻڳƣָСճͫǰŵϽۡ
ЦֱţֲϹ㡣

ˣ˰ҽϳȥ
㿴ֱʱˡ

һ°һڳһ룬һСճСճǺòͣţߣ۵Ŀ
㸧˸ϸŵıӣ𼤶

Сճؼѵ̧֣ذɺ⣬û˸ҽ
ס󣬰ֱ۷ŻرǺãˣˡ

СճһҪ޵ı顣
㽫һֱֻҲںãԲ𣬲߶߹ǣȬվŲ߻ô

СճƲ죬һʡ
⣿ЦͳǹСճŵ߶㣬ǹŵҪһǹ
Сճزңǹȥ˵СؼҲŹԼǸС̫һܰʮƤˡʵϣҴ֣ŻŻСȻѾǸ˸̨£͵Լùϸ˰ɡ

ҪڣȴᱻвҲ֪ҲǣҸҰͨͨǣԱ£Թˣȥȥ¸ҡ
Сճظ죬һƲ

ְ˸ӣͦģ
Сճؿ񣬹Թȥ

ⲻˣǴձҪгദյ뿪ףտ

չճţӭϵϵĻʿȥɡ
ʿյſڣֱ̧۵סȥ·سüסģѻʿŵһһ죬ͷֱ˽ȥ

ЦŻͷһֽۣƤƨɡ
ʿߺӿ첽Ƶ棬ʼղ̧

ɢ뿪ҽԺ
복վԶ¥̨ϴʮӵķ硣

лͣ·ߡãĿתضֻһ²װʲô˵Ŀĵð-Ųʮ

꣬϶лһ¡
йô󣬲֪ܵĸˣȨƣҸ˾һ
󶴱ըˣˣ޷һֱרעڶŮ鳤޼ռġ

ǣҪȥǰһҵǡռԭǸˣ֪ʲôԭΪܣ˶һɽͷӡγʱйϵǳʱ壬ֻձ࣬Ϊ*£ûϵ
ȥռֻӣȴûҪ 㣬Ϊѡһ·

ĸձѧδУҵعɽ·ʱˣɽկﻳŵȷʵձ˵ĺӣտ׽СأʦձýյĴտٴȥձСؾ鸴ȼ˻顣һֱһĳ裬ʼûи߹ɷ¡С̫һСǰ޵Ķӣͺտĸֵܡ޸СغûͻȻ׶ҹˣܳʲôԭʮָ˵ġ

տ඼ĸףСټʮδҲֱ治һ²ˣǴǰǸӣšׯòɷСض䱦ǧ˳Ǻڶ踺࣬ǰŵĸʦΧţͣѧϰѧϰѧϰ

ȥصйܣǰѶʡˣɹڻռΪ*Чʵ빲.-/.ϵաû*Σ֮ʣֻҪܴӣԼˡ
һڶԼǽ壬ձķйĳ󡣱Ǹ塢ѧӵĹϵʵձ߲㣬ȡ鱨ͳȥ

ֻ֪ݣһǲ˾ӣһռһԼױ¶л٣ٹ죬пԼˡ̫󣬲һһĲ

ţҲһ죬ǻ-ٴꡣ
Ǹʱ򣬿Թض½Լ
ҽк㣬Ǹйˡ


лûڱƽãպĳҪФƵ˱𣬱ǰתϾˡ
ٻʲôǸӣȴʲôֲһˡ

ټФƣѾǶˣ*ѧϾҪ졣
лٵ۵ĻЩ˲Ǯ붼ȥˣǰʱ˸ӣ벻ƣФȥһ١

Фƿһˣֱ˷ѡ
лٰһֻۣ˵һҲôһΡ

극лȥϷ
ФϲϷģÿһϸ峡

лٴȥ˸֪СϷ¥ζƾɵģҲûʲôڡ
ФƾãҲǳúáǵһڣûȤ

лٵζ˹ӡ
Ϸ¥Ȼ˸ˣлФһţЩӵǸû

ô
껨̨תƣģҶ죬һ׵ϰ͵͵µשֽߵû׵ϰȥֽˡ

ùܵıܡ
лٺЦһ͵еġ

һ˫Ĺϲ裬ߵԱߣСıĴײһ£ˤФƷסСġ

ﾪδ§סԼˣȻƲˡ
Фվȣ֡

ֱض
ФЩڣС㿴ʲô

ЦȲ𣿡
ˣлл

лٹӳԶˣЩɣ㡣
ƹȥϣλǷޣ

Ф˵ǡ
ͷЦ뿪ˡ

лٱߺȲЦ
ФƲʲôأ

˼˰
ĪҪҿЦ

ͽСôˣ
һû˵

лٲǺţʲôأҡҡͷãűϺӶˡ䣬кȻ
ʱˣط²豭

һһ󡣡ФƶţڣƢĸеܵס
лٲ֨ˡ

ФֿԶӣô
ٹ۲쿴


ڶ죬лٴ껨̨
۵һ

ͷˣΪֻǸĿˡ
ɡ˶ҵϡ

ͷĹлٻϽվ
лٲؿ֣˵ģԼˡ

лкá
߽ЩЦĶ̫ˣǮ򡣡
á

ҽ䡣
ţС㡣

лߵ̨ͷŶŵ˱û£ˡ̰Ū仹ߣ𣿡
û¡

ɡԽ㡣
ãҵȻ̨⿴ˣȱС𣿡

ȱ
Ա廨ЦŵǿһԽԽˡ

лרˡ
ֳոһʲôʱ

лƤ̧һ£ˣ˼ˡ
Ҵˡ

лЦһ£ˣϷ¥Ѿͷ
ҲǽǣֻϷ¥ⲻ˳Ŷ˲ˮ
š

ʲôʱϾ
֪л֣ͣȥɡ
Ŵء

лټˣһᡣ

һ󰲾
ֻյͷ





49.  49   

ѧ˶һ硣
һֱͳǰ, ǹά򣬲һѧȫɢˡ

ϣлڵ˻·, ͻȥ, Χĵȫˡ
ưҲûС

ţ߻ؼҡ
һгٵعȥ, һشлʰһţյġ

һ·һ·, ֿ߳ڣѾ۵ֻʣһСˡ

˸
л·ߡ

˵ĽŲЩأȻţȴڲסıء
ǸӾǸߺ

л, Ƚ˦, ҲȽ׶֡
˸ˣûӰ, Ӽӿ죬ûͷҴһںȻס, һѵ°¡

ӺڣȴҲѱòɲǰ껨̨鱨׵ϰ塣
лװɵҹҸʲôٲƣǽɫ
ҲҪ, һֱҸʲô, Ѹסͼѹǽϡлֱ۳ʹŵţ̧žҪ, ץסԴʹײǽ

⹷̫ˣлûֵֿɿ׹䣬漴ֽס˶ϴ̡
Ӧܿ죬ʱץס֡

װҲŮˣ͵Ϯ㻹̫ۡлٵĵ͵һƣˤԱߵľϣôƯϧˡ
ٵл˸ߵľһԴϡ

˲ʹִ̹
л˫סֱۣסѹĵۿŵӾҪ-ؿڣȻ֣»˼磬磬ûһ뵶

¶Цݡ
лٳûִۣӿһţ۵ɿ˻ȥץ֡

лٴӼϰγĲӡ
ʱѪһ

·ûˣҲҺȣС˳ǽš
һоղǹл˺üӦǾ˸ľ

żӿ첽ӣȴԽû̫ֹסѪͿҪˤʱһӽסһ¡
ûп˵˹ȥ

Ѧ岻Ҵȥȥ˶⡣Ҳ˿ڣҩ뿪

лʧѪ࣬ڶͷĿѣѹ
һżӴϣӿȥ־ɣδݣҲûдɨϻ֩

ƿùζıӣ´
ˡѦëͷ

лټ˿ڣ۵ġ
¡ѦߵߣؿԼֵ֮ϲ𣿡

ƺмϤ
Ѧ尡

лٴǰӡ㲻ʱһҲϲȴǵ֣ô⣿
Ͼ˯ţɢɢģͿˡѪһʼûϣһΣû뵽㡣ѦߣôϾЩһֱ𣿡
ǰġ

ëϵѪҸˣ𴦵Լһɡ
лûнӣлл㣬Ҹˡ

Ҫ´Ѧæ㣬ͦϵģ̫ˣǵȵȰɡѦëģҲġ
˵ҲǣǵЩ߰ɡȥǾ鷳ˡ

㡭ɱǸģ㡭ǲǡѦεЦˣ͵ûʡ
лٿɾ˫ң
ǣҶļңһȥȥˣⷿӾһֱšҲû죬ס棬ɨһ£ǡ
лٲŲϵѪûд

е࣬Ⱑ
û£һлл㡣

Ѧһɫ£ɾģҽ·Ѧ嶶˶·ѹ̫ÿе㳱ȥɹɹ
лл

ѦתֻЩԵĸ֪ϲʲô˵ʳ֮ǰĸ˵ϲԡ
лл
㲻ҪôѦŵˮ˵ллˡ
лٽӹٵЦһ£á

Щûȥ𣿡
ûС

˵岻̫á
ûе

ѦĬһ𣿡
ûС
ıʱɳЦŵҲûС

Ѧβöࡣ
ô
ȴǰƯˡ
лԼͷһѪģ˵Ϲ

Ըûô䡣
㵹ǻ˲١
ˣӰ졣ѦСǲǲã
ͦõġ

ʲôڻ𣿡
ôˡ˼۵ꡣ

Ҳȥι۲ιۡ
šлٳԹһֱֽݸ鷳ˡ

ֿˡѦùŵϣȻ֮ǰ磬㶨
ȥ¾ͱˡ

ҭںȥѦߣĬȻ
лپԼƺЩò˵ʲô
ʦ
ͦá

ЩΣѦϢɣҽ˼٣ڸڷ䣬¾ͽҡ
á


պڣлپҪ뿪
ްܴлٴſտյģԼմѪ·ȥյѦ

·ϴɾٻ
ãȻûߣӦǲҪˣҸطӵС
ǾͶлˡ

㡣Ѧû̧ܾ֣˺ܶѪɱεˡ
û¡лֱűߵſڣȥһҲû˵ӣˣÿտҵȲ裬븣겻Զһ֪
һȥлţѦңעⰲȫ
׿Ҳǡ

ټ
á

ѦĿ뿪ǲģ׷˹ȥһһΰɡ

лķӣһСǸˡưͣ·ߣѦҪлû֣ûô
ѦЦջ֣Ǻðɡ

Ͳȥˡ
úԺеǻᡣ䣬ȥɡ
š

л˶㣬¥·סţŮԺʦѧУᣬٻÿܶɨΡ
ɣڡ

лСˡɫãĵ𣿡
ûڵ˯ˡ

ûȥҽԺ
ȥˣæɣȥ˯ᡣ

ãҰյˮɡ
áлٽŲƽȵ¥ݣյ¥ͱסˣǽϣŲ


һ۵æĽͷöлߣڼ죬˺ЩŻص

ϣûؼңڵ˯һ
ͷģлҹ˺ü顣ΣΡ

ڶ컹ˡ
ڣ˰ϱơ

䣬ϡſѩˡ

ѩ簡
Ҿ¶ǣů˼֡¾ƱƵ¥ȥ緹

տţһɫµˣԼ
ⱳӰʮ˲ϵóôˣ

ֱתñӣΧźΧס˴ֻۺģЦ⣬ˡ

ô˯һձˣ
ûСֶͨ죬ѩˮʪ䣬ô԰ףഩ㡣

ʲô
ǰˣûסȶˣһͷɲסţ㿪һ¡
лЦһ

ÿѱѩ˸ɲɰ
󡣡
󣿡
ﶼ󡣡
ҿܹʲô

лٲмҪȥ
סȥ
졣

Ҳȥ
ÿ

Ȼãлתֻݡ
лٵסŲѩɡ
ѩ档ãȻᱧЦһСǣң±Ӱɡ


лٲ˸պãɲټˡ
㱧ţл俴°

̵ط˴֣𣬿춳ˡ


㻳ﴧ˵
лٴ֣ů¯˵̿

ơ
лٵһ˳ͷȥ

ֳ˿鲼˲ԼõĺáŲˡ
лߵſڽϡ

Ÿʲô˵£
йҧˡ
ϲƢèè̵ԽԽ˼

л§ȥ廨
ţһ߿һ߿գҵʲô
Ҫµɡ

аɣɱҡԺռһǵøյֽ
Զ㣬Ⱝۡ

վЦߣŹŵĸʽۣղһ
ۣζر𡣡
װ߹ǵҳߴ𣿡
˼ǵá
°ָͣǾһ¡

лĵؿһǧ󡣡
ð

𡣡
֣ذſֱۣɡ

лֳ˸Ƥߵǰת
Цűȥ

ת
Ƶת˻Ȼ֮ǰûע⣬ôôˣ

лٿûһִۣƵȥΧһΧû
û

лͷӣˡ
㶢ؿڣЦʲôһȦ
Ҫ֣лһѴ򿪡

üң֣ؿ㶵һ
лߵ̨£棬˫۳̨ϽڻʹսߣĶû

лóӼ³ߴ磬ɧ
㶢֣𿪵ˣ㡣

ԶŮ˵ֻ
һ

ҡ
ȥ

ʼס
йȫܿͻ

лת򣿡
ûлش

л̧֣ϵŦۣСؾ͸¶¡
ס֣һ£Ҳ֪

лٳ֣Ķȥ
ҲϾ

֮°ѡ
ϱȥ

һ𣿡
Ĭˡ

лһӲߵŰԶȥˡ
ԺҪûܣû
ûС

Ȼסļ磬Ǿú
һɲɵƫƫ˿ϣ۵ü

ôˣ
лҧƿ

ˣ
лתק³·Űŵɴ㶰Σ䲻һ䣺˭Ūã

лƿ
˭Ūã

лƽؿҽʲô
ŭɶüͷס°ͣǻ𣿡

ϧء֣ŪЦһ֪ѽˡ
͸ҹϡ

û˵꣬ͷ
ǰ磺ϰ壿ôˣ

ɿ
л·Ҳ˷飬¥Ӵȥ







50.  50   û

Ӵȥ, ȣ˸䣬һŮײ
һԽ, ײ, ۳ᡣŰʵʵˣˡ

Ǹͷ뿪ˡ
űȥ, һԹܵǰײһˣֵֹģ, 쿴Ѫû
ͷ͵㡣Цûµġ

˳ӣ·ߴ˰ӣỹȺء
лû緹, һ϶¥

һ·, Ӷ¥µһ¥
ʲôʱϾ
Ҳ֪

͸
лȻ鲻̫, ȴЦŵĲ֪þûϵˡ˸, ζģ

Ҳ㡣
лټڳԵ˰ӣŵС촽, ˵, ˣ˼á
û飬ʮˡ

ǵ¡лٲ˲֣żȥò, Ե¡
䲻˵ˣͷԵſϡ˰Σ̾˿˵ҺϲԴһ棬ε

ֲ˽Ҳûദϲл΢΢üֱۣ𱳣һʱĴĪҪܻƤࡣ
ֲûˣϲһġֳӣûϲ𣿡

лٳĬһᣬй
Կжʱֹ⣬ļٵģϰ壿˭

Ļ
죬Ŷ


лٽ鲼ϣһֱȥڡδ
ŤŤߣЩй˺˲ֶһԡߵ¥ϣϰ˼ҡ

лһֱԼҩѾ˿ڽ챻һƺһЩﰵʮ飬ѵؽ˿°á
ˮ˱ӣھǰԼ壬кȻȵĻ档

̧֣ء
˵ʱ˲١

лٻ˻Դ롣ˮ˷ȵ
ְϴ̨ϣ΢ϵˮεصȥӡԼ

ÿһһ
лֱ𱳣Լе־壬˿ëһѽˮβȥ

ɵϷ˻ģ׼ұ鿴
ܸܺߣ˰Ӳϣһ룬̨ж

ӣ˸ͭ񣬱󣬳̨ȥδˣֻаɫɴŷỺط
ѵˣֻҰè
ҰèҴܡ

ɾ裬صǰָղųһı龹ˡ


лת﷭ǻᣬ⣬ڸĻˣ
ֻᷭˣ
üֻĴ

лȽסЦԼܸ
лٽͭҹȥһƫ㿪ͭˡˡڵϹͣǽߡ

ʰŵϣôÿ˵ġ


㡣

ˣɡ
û

лٴź˯ۣ֪ʲôӣȥĿһ·£΢΢߹ؿϣһЦյģ

лٰ鷿ϣʱѾû˼ȥĥˡ
վȵ㣬㿿ǽϣҿɲס㡣

лٲĻźȥҪ˯ˣ߰ɡ
Ǿ˯֣߽Ĵ˿̣˯û˼

˼תձ˼
һۣЦЦǰζ

лٰһۣǰȡ¶

վǰŲµһֽϻ˺ߣʲô
ɱˡŽǹӣұǺ顣

һɨ飬Լ˸ࡣ
лٲһߣ
ǡ

лһ
ΪרſһӼ溺顣
лĬĬعҪ

ְžӣܶһ£ҽ̡
лӣôϲ˵ӡ

Ҳ졣ӻͳһСԲУǰһҽǰķЧרŸȥץҩĥ˰죬ֶˡ
лɨСԲһۣΪˣлл

ôлߵһƷָ䣬ʵʵġ
Ҳһ𣿡

ͷǰࡣ
лӴֱһ£̧֣ͷ
ҡ

ջ֣ϲС˿ڣ𣿡
ۣر

ж


ķлһͷڷɢ£ž
ȻЦĲ壿

лߣץץͷ߿
ľģлÿġֽڴ䲻㣬Ұˡ

лᣬȥҸסͷ

ûгԵģ
аúܡ

Ҷˡϣõ㡣
á

лȥ¥Щаƿơ
ллӹһһ

¶
һ飬ʳˣ㴲ϣҲˡ

лٽƸɵĺܣҭš
㿴ֻʣСƿľƣŮ˼ңٺȵ㡣²⣬ȷʵҭĻţĺ˵ңǰĳëͲôȾǹ

ЦӹҪһڣлٽƿ˹
Ŵǿ˶

лתȥƷŵϡ
᲻

ƽ񺺼飬ձ˻Ҫ񡣡лٵͷƿʼձɣ⣬ҵӡ
û˵ҲûߣĬĬʣ¼㡣

лٺȻͷó𣿡
ͷζ

лЦһ㻹Ǻ޳ܡ
㽫ӷŵϣ˳ưȥԼӰ£ʲô㻹𣿡

лٿߵûƽһĴϣǲбԭ򣬲ʹ㡱
δ䣬һ§סӯرϡ

лԱ߹㿪ǹ塣ץܡ
л̧ų߹ȥ
㷴ӦǼ죬סĽţЦŵˣҪԼӡ

ղҩû·һһ¶ɫĽǳĿ
㳤ȥͿƲסˡɿ֣űǸסĳȣҪҺ󰡡

μѾˡлͷŲ䳰ȷ㻹ձӡ

㲻˵Щ˴صԣձӣһѡ
лͷ

ʰϵͷڴβڡӿڴ̣һûʱˣȻҪߡ

Ͻߡ
ҲôɣԵܵġòһ棬´μͲ֪ʲôʱˡ
¼

Ƭ̣Ȼͷ¿̣ҿɲô
㻹ء

£Ȼ£Ŷá㴹ͷָ̣žͻϣţϣ
лٿıȵ̣Ȼ˵

ú䡣
лԡ

ŤͷЩ̬ȣá
лֱ˫ͼʲô쵰ȻƤЦ˵ˣô죿ҿ᲻һˡҪҼˣҲŹ

᲻õĶȥˣһ
ܸȡĽţҪ֣

лһ߿ɡ
㱻ߵۣȴϲĺܣУ͹ͷ£û˵ʲô˳ȥ

лβͷӡ
ַ˻ڵ̺ϡ

ôϲͷ
һ仰·˶ǰȻġ

㶣ַ˽
ָ

ûлش߹ס
л΢죬ں

ʲôҲûҲû˵ʲô뻰رһӣȻһ˵뿪Ͼ׶ȴĸУһ

лЩӦรҵ

ɿıӣɵϡ
лٴ֣쵰

úñԼƵƨϺһѣ˺ãһ㡣


ͷҲصȥ
ӱߵһ紵ķ¡

лٿںڵ죬ȻЦ

˵ǡǡ
ǡ





51.  51   ľ

ץ˸ͨԱ, 죬һ仰ûʳ
ϲµͷҪ
ĵƬ˼, Լϱ¶Ĺͷ, ûС

һ磬ȥ, յſھŵһѪζ
ץ⣬޷ֽ
ȻһˣвУǾ޿߳ȥġҪô, ҪôǱĥ

ϲߣڰֱ߷һƿ׾ƣƿմѪһ£ôڡ
ϲ¼, Ͻ¾, ü˳۴к̫

˵˸Ӳͷ, ʶʶӲߣȳ, ȥøָţʳʲôû
һҲ˵, ʲô̶ˡ

㿴ѪܵĴ, ҪУ
ǣܿʲôʱ򡣡

еģ
ԡϲʮԺ⵶ϴ, ƬƬȳƣ൱

ɱѪˡ
ᣬһһҩսˣٸʱ䣬վͽһ׹ǡ

﹣ſԱ߸ŵĴѪĵһѪ⣬ֶˡ
һаӡϲ¹Цſ㣬̫ʶһ£

Ļû˵ֱ߹ȥָֻױι⣬ָͷƤһ飬׵ëѪﱻ޻¶ɫǡ
ͷֻʣһڡ

ѡˣ
һ

̫ϻ֡ϲűӾ͹ͷϣװʲô
һŰѸϲ߷ʻҪ죿
ϲԹԱ߹ңҡ

̧˵°ͣ˳
˳һڣΪûѪĭճھ˳°ϡ

Ƶ·סؿڵĹͷһ仰£˵Ժĺģ˷°뱲ӣŻΣαأ


ӿڴͳһֽóͷӨǿ飬˵ǹˣӦóɡ
˿Ҳһۡ

㽫ǿУһ£ˣԺԳԡ
촽΢ţζѪζӣʱҧָ

ϲŻˣɿڣ
ҧţϲ¸Ҫ죬ǰͷһֻסĲӣһŤ

ָͷմѪԼĵģ˵ġ

ϲ¸Ͻȥ̽˵ıϢѾˣˡ
̫⡭˵졭û

̧֣ڸϲ¼Ͽ˿˵Ūġ
ϲ¿ָϵӡѪû°ɣ

˵أ
ϲ²˵ˡ

˦˦֣߳ҡҧӿڴͳʹعס˲ָ
ϲ²˲ϵѪüϵˣ̾

㾶ֱߣͻȻס
عͷվǽ߳Լ֣߹ȥʣôˣ
ұҧˡ˸ᣬСˡ

˭ˡ䣬ǽһ߱ĳ硣
֪

մѪôˣ۲ۣ
ȥԼ֣û¡

˺һ£ȴ֪С䣬Ҫȥһ˽һԸ
á

ˣ֪СĴ֣УȥҽԺɡ
ã˸Ƥѡ

Ҳȥ
ֲȥҽԺ

֪Ѫܵĳ棬ȵš
ʿ˿ڣ˲ɴһֱӶѪܵİ׹ǡ

ֱʿȥ֪ٽ磿
磡

֡
ʲô
Ȼȥġ

֪ĵرס첲ﶼȥȥҡ
ȥҼҸʲô

ˣҪúϢ



л˯ڡ
ǰĽŲҲӲõ˳

лٺε㣬һֱֻĹĵĴΡ
ɽ׷һ·ձȻ𹭣Ĺȥһһһ֧ƫ

ҪȥˣСˣ˳͹ȥ
лپͷΣϻĪۣͷûзա

𣿡
ûС


꣬Ҷ̫ˣҶƵġϴҳˣҾ֪ûش
š

ûɵģﲻ𣿡
лٷ֣ûС

˯һ졣СŵЩƾζôоƾζ𣿡
ȿһ£Сˣûʲô¡

Ҫʲôǰܸһˡ
Ҳȥɡ

Ǻðɣ
š

յķʣлһˡ
ţȻЩ䣬̺

ɴûϣŴ졣
ܾÿˡ


ΪҰ۵ĵྭáҪԵ
̻ԻͣҰһ󣬴ҷ׷ȥƻϼ䡣

ԶԶؿţ˿ƾơк˸˼䡣

Ȼһ
㳯̨ǰȥ֪˾ƺģڳĴ󲿷ʶûҲ֡ҰվԱߣٴ˽

žƱ̾һμ֪С㻹ǰо˲١
û˵

֪ЦЦҲ´ǡ
СؾǺøܵõ֪Сպǰ;

һۣ˿ھƣҲԡ
СؾʲôЦ

֪뼸˴кҺ㡣
¾Ʊ֪С㡣

֪ͷʲô
㵭ÿ

֪ͷЦЦݸ̧𣿡
ġ

Цĺļ磬ģȥǱߡ
š

һô
ͷŴһ

ֻǻ
㴩ȹӸÿ

֪Ĭһᣬ죬ȥȹӡ˵˾ܿˡ
Цɨܣ˱ƣŲԶڽ̸ľˣҪȥҰ۽ס
񣬡

ҹ
Ұȥ̨ɫĺܣǵ̸ûһ

֪ȥˣ
ȥ·ˡ

ڴ˵ЩõĴԡҰļϣΪһˣҿ⣬ΪһףҾԼŮܵ˺֪ϲ㣬ҿĳ
ͷнΪСӦη塣

֪С£һֱѧУ飬˼ϣ㲻ҪҲҪЩģĸĸҲϣһЩõ飬˵԰ɣ
ǡ

ѵùһˣúһ棬СŮ߶硣
ǡ

ҰЦļ磬ؾн
˿硣

߰ɣȥȾơ


˯ϴ裬֪Ժ粽롣
컹ûʹĵס㴩ѿţƤ

֪ķźãȥϴϴˡ
üģſϣҹȥռĵŻ˯ʵû

֪ȥקıӣ磬
㽫ͷ˯ᡣ

֪̾˿Ǻðɣ˯Сʱֻ׼Сʱ

֪ŵ㱻˯ˣɴ˸һ¡
ͷ֪Ĵϣһлٵķһֱ¡

˭ģ֪ʱ˸ˣ۾Բ˶
·ġֽëһúÿ

㲻ǴŮ˻˰ɣ
ôܡ

磬Ҫƭңһġ
ûƭ㡣

͸ҡ
һҪȥã֪ȥ
ҾҪ԰գѽͷÿ𣿡
ÿ

㽫ľ˳ģһ۶ˣͶ¨ʺ㣬Ҵȥ䣬õġ
ô۶ϣӦòʲôҪ֮֪ûзϡ

ʰëͷȥҿ㶼ʲôóԵġ
֪ЦŸȥöö࣬һϲġ


֪ȥΣˣȥҲЪЪš
֪һ·϶˵йﲻﲻãձ˿ĵҲ߶䣬ûжĺóԡʲôʱձѽˡθһȥɣĸ׺㡣

Ӧ˳Ӱ
һƬŮ˹һʱ֪ץס֡
ûЦһ¡

Ӱ˳˶ղͣؼң˳֪Ȼվסš
ͷôˣ

֪žҪ㿪
һ£Ÿأ硣

ɤ㻹С
ҲСˡ֪üѾʮˡ
ǰСӡ

˵СҳҲڳԶ㡣
ٵ꣬òã

֪۾ǲϲˣ
ûСЦ¡

ûС
ͷˣȥɡ

ȥ㣬ɲҪ˯Ŷ
á

磬ټ
ټ

˴Ųϳһ·쭻ؼҡ
ֱңʼ¨ͷҳ۶ϵľ

ƣڵϣŴһһضûأһˬķ˽ȴⷳꡣ

֪ʲôʱǸͷ
Ҫܶá





52.  52   

㼸ÿȥȾ, һΪ˶֪һ鱨սԲ𡢾䡢ʿ, ԼĸԱ, ĸⷽ

һ죬װ, ڷ䲻֪ú

죬ƮСѩ
֪һ˸ſˡ
û˯, ÿһֱ֪ҿıӣȻſϡ

һ⽫ƹ´
֪ײͷ, ſڵϿˡ

۰ק, ô㣿
֪Ŷͷ۾, ۡ

źá
ҿÿ֣û, һͲˡ

֪ߣ§ס㲻˯, ҳȥ, ꡣ

ûɹ
ĸҰۣҪԴݺ˦ǽߡ

һձרе֬ζѬúθ﷭, ˯ˣȥſ
֪ŤŤٱһᡣ

һƿŽ´
ȥʲô

ۡ
رϣüص˵ϣӼ̵һڿС
ϴ̨ϣ̲ųȥ

1937ĵһ죬Сѩ
֪źν֣ݳԳʳ

磬ȥһձ˰ľԺ
ݵǡ״

ҪǶھͺˣдľ籾ر˼
ϴ͸ֽ׶ûҶþûˣ
ûй

Ĳɣûһ仰
֪ǳǳü˵𣿡


˵ʲô
˵Ұдľ籾˼˻׶û

֪һܣǲǲҳ
ûݳ

Ĺ첻˵ˡ
ݳһǰһ߳ȥ֪ڳһ˵ģԭΪԼһ㷴ӦҲûС

˰ɣȥ
֪֨Ƶضǰߡ

ʲô⣬ӰԼ£ֻĬĬš
֪Ȼͷ粻뿴ҵĻҾͻձˣҲ˼ˡ

ĵ
̫ˣ
Ͻ

߽Щûв뿴㣬Ҿȶ֜ˣеۡ
òײ뵽㣬Ҿһᣬÿζأʲô
˯
㡪֪תߡ

סӣˣˣȥԶ
֪һ

ժһ·߻ͯĻǮڵ֪ǰͱˡ
ЦŽӹлл硣


Ұ˽֪ͻձ
徻ˣ¡


ѮФͬϾڶȫչᡣúһгչлٵ۵ꡣ

һ鷳Ŀ˲ţһʱѲФվſڿһᡣ
лٿͷ֣ʾ˽

罫Ф¥Фᡣ
á

裬Щ
ǰӴѧȥдɹá

æϰҪȥģˆһ£һҪһǸҪŶҪ
æż

Ҳȥʲô¾ͽҡ
á

¥ȥˣФƶűߵ̨Ľ־
νϼأݡ
¥ˮɼˣϾǡ

лŲڿʲô
Фתˣ˿²裬ֱ߽ͦ֡
Ƭ̫ˣ쳳ͷۡлΪ裬һ

뼸
һΪҪˡл̱˯۾Ͼϴ·լˣͦɡ

ƽֵͷѧ-Уݽգæĳ鲻
㻹

ФƿԱߵİϣȡ
ȹȹлٴĻ̾˿˼ƪ£ȫںںš

ʮ˺ŵչᣬҵãӦòμӡ


üίǸ𣿡
ˣþûñʡ

ϧˣ¡
лٰƳҪã
ЩӣмҪ
æ˰

Фƿһƣûʲô°ɣ
Слָָƿҵһ

Ф߹ȥһ
Ҫơ

ԺģȾˡ
ءлٻǽӹ豭ڣյƵַչ˲ٺ飬һҴܣǰ컹ҷһֱʵԱʲô鱨
ֱʣ
ԡ

ϰ塪
̫̫ȡ·
øͺˡ

Ǯˣһ¡
á

Сȥ

ФƷ²豭˵һ飬ˡ
á


лһ磬ФƵϢлڸСŰǮˡ

ģ롣
ϲǣơ

ӶǣǣԵŮӶ꣬ױĵġлᴵ˴̵ԪŵСģĹ涨һһƣȻͬ裬ӴҲз⽨˼ˣοҶФƵ˽⣬Ǿ޿ܵ¡
䰧̾һûôࡣ

ɥˣôƯһһˡлЦųһڣͦóԵģҲһ롣
ûθڡ

ſϣϲǸŮʲôİ
ҲֻΣϤȥ磬˾úܡ

Ư𣿡
ƯǱȽϳġ

ұأ
л̧ۿÿ㡣
һÿֱǸأ

лٶ룬ڣǲҼ֡
һ㵹һ㲻ǫ顣

ʵˡ
Ȼս

лĦţôÿ𣿡
ͷȥÿ

ҲáлЦˣվˣлл͡


磬Фƺͳίȥæչ顣
ֱϲл١

ţŵơ
ФվſڵţһлٻˣһλŮӡ

Զ۵վһıͦˣɲФƣдϲлһδû뵽ˡ۵꣬Ҫлٻá

ֱʲôϾ˵Ӳڡһͨ׼ФƱ⣬һʲô˵ˡ

Ǳײˡлһۣôˣ
˴ȱ˵

л١šӿ첽ӣĬĬͷ
ФƼˣòԵͷҲֱͷ

лٲм䣬ܵ䣬ϴϷ¥
ФƲǵá

ƽſէһΪǸ鳡֣ҪʱվȵСƼԴؿָФá

лٴţվˣɡ
Фƺֱһ裬ȥ̻֯

һԲ
ڣܶ໰ȷʵô˵ФұȻȥˣ
лҲš

վģˡ˵ܳȥ
л̧ۿ𣿡
ˡ

Ұ꣬ȥܡ
áФ߽Щһᡣ

ÿ𣿡
ÿ

ÿлЦһɿ˷ҪĳևֿۣҪȫ
ҲǺġ

Ȼˣжס
ǰ


ФϾһ£Ѯȥƽ
ּΣȴʼûб⣬ĬĬϲ

ǰ׸⣬ȴûϳһ档
䴹ͷɥվǰ˻ᣬ׸ȥ۵лǳԡ

ѦҲڣҪһڸΪлٵԭΣƺЩˮݡ

佫ľзϣء
ѦбûҪ
һѧ-УưȥһȦûһ棬

ѦЦͽע
һۣøҹȥֻ֮㡣


Цһͳ죬ҿͦʡ

Ҳſ
˵úܿ㡣

лٴ¥Ҵҳȥˡ
Ѧͬȥģ

ͷҲأȥ£ϻ

ߣֱ̾һ԰
һȥɣҲˡ˵뿪ꡣ

ѦĬȻҾ˵档
û¡


µףתȡ
ʮź磬С̫һȻѺ˹ȥԭСزأֵ֪ͨһȥ

䲻ɸȥձܿᣬƺıʲô㲢кľҪܽӴģŸźͻȺ˼ξƣҲû׳

ͬʱС̫һ˿ܾĻᣬ趼ûкȣȺֱӽߣʰֱӸ߰ɡ


ձÿһ죬㶼ձСһֱѣȥʹӴѧǣһΪչɷ򣬶Э
С죬С̫һ㼱ҴҵȥйҲҪһȥС̫һȴڶչ˼ˣ

Щӣ֪ÿʱѿ쳣ϸӡ

ߵʮ֪׼ʱˡ

ڿֽŲû
硭ڿʲôô񣿡֪۱ֽϵݣ̫ˣڴˡ

ϱֽ
ǰվ¬ţʮžսʼȫֻ
֮Ҳȫ濹ս

ܸӣϲá뵣ǽţ޲ɻǹͬǱս
вͷƴʨֻݷѧ͡ơ

ס֪Цһ£ս
ϣ׾ܻˡ֪סĸ첲㻹ȥ𣿡
ᡣ

Ҳȥ֪˻ĸ첲ҪȴӮȥɣǿȥϺһ䣬Ͼ
ϾҲ֪֨ڲϾ

ƿ֣վ¥
һȥ







53.  53   һ

С˯, ֪Ҫſڣ߳Ī, ¥ȥˡ

鴩ŵɫȹ, ǲ̫ϲͷģʲô, ŻӭСعһһ㡣
δʩ죬ɫͷţһƴڼ, ȥޱ߷ȴǷϵš

¥£ſڣԺ˵㿴Щļ𣿡
ûС

, ҳȥһˡ黺̧ƤƮƮؿ, Ҷ̧ۣššƽ, ζ, ȥɣ֪˵仰
á

תȥ鷿ˡ
֪ɳϣ⼸ˡ

֪, Ȼذǰλδŵ, ΪЦ˲ദĸоټйˣܾø˺һ, ײ
֪ηػػӦġ

ޱؿڿϣַ̫Ѩ
ҪҰĦһ𣿡

ûش𣬷ʣѧϰôˣ
֪ʱˣѧϰƫƫδŴǰǸѧڣ˵ǸرģһŬ

鿴Ҫרעѧҵи
֪ԹԵͷһġ

ҲԼҪæʱʱ㣬㲻һҲҪͬŬ
ǡ

Ա߷ŵıֽԺͲҪˣǵ۹ľˣҲǺвŻϷˣҲҪϲǣ׼ʲôרҵ
ûá

רĿˡ
֪Լ˵˻˵ûãһشáһԲţޱȼ尾
ڿڣҾȻȥˣˡ
š

֪վ˸Ϣټ
ȥɡ

֪˳ȥֱԺӣͣһһۡ

Ůˡ̫ˣ
Ժ޸һҪȥס


μҪ飬̸Ķй⣬Լδշ֮ѿزԣᵽй빫˾
ǰЩ鶼С֯Դأȫ顣ûȤǰǧټƴֵǸ󡢷ңԴСҡҵֻװѪǹȻ֪սʱöҪ漰볤սȶ෽棬ĵǴʱս
ңӻڶʮž


֪һͨ-ûŮ˻ŮΡ

ҹļȥӶ˸ˮ

Ӷƺ˯ˡ
ӷȥɡ

ʮָմˮӶûڿһȥ㡣

ȻһСģ֣Ѫֹס
Сĵ㡣΢΢ü

һɡӵѪƻ˿鲼㿫˿

ҲȻá
Сˣû¡

ҽҩ䣬򵥰һܻ겻ġ
û˯á

Ϊս°ɡ
㿴һۣ֪ȥš

ôģ
ջ֣йˣͱ˵˰ɡ

΢΢Цһ£ţãıӮ
֪

ϣıӮ
ӣأϣıӮ

ĬƬ̣Ȼձ
Ųۣûʧ䡣˽Լĸףĸףĸ״ʮǰһߵʱ򣬱Ѿˡ
ǰֻǸձŮˡ

ǵļҡס֣ڷǼᶨİɣ
ǣȻ

ɿվˣˣҸ˯ˣҲ˯
߬ס½ǡ

ͣסţôˣ
йˣ㲻ľ˾𣿡
˸Щֲͬ⡣

ҪȻȥǽӹ㲻ձҲ͵ȫĵط
ԡ

ô˵ҲǱѪԵϵˣһӣըۡ
鸧ͷЦȥȥɡ

ſ
ȥ˵

лл
ļϣҪСġ
ͷġ

һ춼ȲĴʻ
ü·̣յ¾ӭһجġ

ƽݡ
ռѳ


ϾЩң-Сռǡ
һȺΧһ¥ǰָָ㣬лٹȥһۣһҽʮձˣƽտŴüĿ˿̵ȴЩҲ̶á

л߳Ⱥ۵ȥⲻˣܶ˶ʼߣҲ˽ϼҡ
ФƸűƽרǨչϾлٺͬ־һ档

ҵ·ˣлһֱޣŸ̨ȥ衣
֮ȥϷɡ
лû˵ֵϸ

ڴҶʼܣϾδȫ˵ʲôʱʹ
˵ҾФ˵öԣһŮӣȥҲиӦ
лǶ棬á

Ф沼ƣĿǰƲֹۣӻ̫ͣƽزһ¡̾˿ˣҸյϾ˵˹⽻٣Ǳɱģǵˣ
˵ǡֹиԺ飬һְԱո滹˸ձҽһӺַӦͬһ˸ɵģŪ˲򵥡
лٿϵĬ

ФһԻδФһ£֮
лٻ񣬡ʲô

ʱˣҸˡ
лվá

ȥʰ
ҵȼߣȹȥ

ФƲ⣬ô
ЩҪƺûϵԼԵġ

Сġ
š


ղζ̫ţлٽͨͨ磬ﻹʣ°ƿƣ˱ӣվ̨硣
Ѿ½˰Ͼˣҵĺܡ

ˣͷȥһ㣬紵˿ҡ
ȻɨһӰܹ

лٻ˻ԴԼȶˡ

һҹδ飬ﶫʰһҹڶ¥ССϢ
ڶ˯磬Щ¥˵ֱԡ
Ҫţиˡ

ǸϹ˿ͣǰﶨۡ˵ԼҪ뿪Ͼһʱ䣬۴š
лӦˡ

粻ڣȫϡһǵҹ
¥µǱײģлٵʱ˸¥
ûƣֻһ۵ĺӰ

ŵһ˿Ѫζתһֻס
֨

лá
ģ֮䣬վҸæ

ˣˣرȴе㳤
лţȥ¥ϡ

Ѫû£ŪĵءĶͷһ㺹ɫɷףȴװʲô¶ûеģõ
л˵ûУȹˡ

¿ۣһ룬򡣡ЦЦеİɣ
׼
Ͳˡ

лתƽ̨ͷҽҩûҩ̰ɡ
˿鲼

лٿһģȷ
ϻ

ýŹӸ¡
㽫ĵߣȥлٴֱس·һ˵˿ڣմ˾ƾҩ޲˼¡ҧŲûһü

лٸüۣҲžһ£ҷˡ
š

ߴѪ⣬һݵ
ӽţǾͷҪҧƵġ

лûƤ⣬뷨ǻԣֻ·ϰˣԽģϸϸʮ롣
ֽαߣǰСǸǰһϸƤ⣬׼ƵģſۣµĲպݺһڡ
Ĩʲôô㡣

лûʲôӦֺȣһ˿ûСҲ䵭ȥƽҪҶҾһϡ
촽ͷԼ˿ڣǲ÷죬ղ
˵ôǲۡ

лɴһ£üֶЦŰ˻۰
㻹֪۰

ɴδã¥ºȻǼ˴ֱĽлţſš
лԸоһٵظãҽҩ䣬

Ҫȴлסˡ¥¼䣬Ųӣƿϵľ塣
лټСȶһţȥ䣬㳯ſȥ

տţװӴ
һӺôôĥĥʲôأ
Һʲôͷ˻׺ǳЦл٣С㣬ˣйûмһ˵ˣŰɫôߡ
лٿȻ֣ҡҡͷ

ûΧʲô
ûע⣬㲥жҲ

ͷֵͲͷſۣкˣ߰ɡ
ֵĹɨлٵҪתȴƳϵһ˿ӡͷֵʲô
лٷӦ죬̧Ѹָºո͵׵λã˳ƻճպЩŪϵİɡ

ͷȻţʾ˽ȥ鿴лûһᣬ¥ˣͷҡҡͷ
ͷЦЦ̫ƽСһСģؼҡ

ǳʲôˣ
ͷƯҲļ䣬˸ҪԱӦҲ˵ˣ˱ɱȫǽϡ

ˣͷλúѲһҪʲô˴̿ΧҲǲĵġ
ͷЦŵͷСעⰲȫ
G

ͷ˼Ѳȥˡ
лţȥֻҽҩϣȴˡȥ˶¥鿴һֵۣ̽һˡ
úܰ





54.  54   ȱ

, һս֯ļ衣
ûٳ, ֻÿ۵¥ʱһӰ, ʱһʱͣפƬ̡
л֪, Ǻ㡣

ǣҹҹȥ̨ջǲѻٰ, һ顣

죬ػش˾Ÿ
ճʱ̫ƽ·ӱһձˣйˡ
ǱӴ

лҲ֪, Ǻġ
ӵһɱ˰ʱ, 뵽˺㣬뵽˴ǰɽկ, Ϊżȥóһѿ, ⣬ŵضԼ˵ûֻҪ׼, , κζܳΪɱ

һɱ˺þõĻӡ
ǻΪ˳һܡ

Ŀ·£ʵѾȥǧҹҹˡ

л벻ͨǣΪβԼ
, Ӧ伣Ŷԡ


лٸһۡ쵽ʱѦˣЩԵġ
ƬõѼ⣬ĵôҲԲȥ˼һ£ֻ˵Ҳ

ѦҲԸͷԣѼ°ȥ̨ϣЩٳԡɾ֣վл廨
л̧лҪ˵

Ѧ屳֣ȷʵлҪĳ
Ŷȥɡ

ûʲôĸ磿
лһ£лފûϵˣÿ궼һлֽͥʱ·лңȴδȥ£Ҳȷ벻Լĸ̫飬ôδҲˣҪû˵Ρ

Ѧ㶣ǰ˻֣ʲôأ
лٻ񣬵ûʲô˵ģҪǼһҲԣ鷳ˡ

ˣлފ˸ӣǰ븸ͨ绰ᵽġ
ôлѵϲãкŮ
Ůճ¡

Ƕĸ磬϶Ư
лҵŮһһˮ飬СҲѦסʶԼ˵˻æĿڣҪҪһȥ
ˡ

ҪһֱϾ𣿡
ܻ߰ɡлٵͷ廨ʵһսʱܶȫ˭֪ӵڵ

ҵȥξɼͬ⡣
ǶӣѦү϶ǲġ

ˣǴҳɼңλȥⲻüϼҹѦ̾˿տܽƣʲôڽӴûˡ
лٲִƳһۣժЩߴ룬Ҳ

ѦĿֹ뿪ϾĻȥ
֪Ҳпܲߣȥ鷳ЩŲˡ

Ѧ忴ɵϸһһߵƣȥһǵøҡ
лٳĬΣšһ

˵ɱҲ֪ʲôˣأԼһעⰲȫ
á

ҹͻʱĵġ
л̧΢Цһ£鷳ˡ

û£˳ֵ¡Ѧһֱæ£ò߶ţҾͻȥˡ
лվҪ

æɣ͡
á

Ѧ߳꣬лٽסһ¡
ͣסţл¥ȥ

һ˸Сɰװһұ鷳͸ĸĺӰɡ
Ѧ˹á

лվſڣĿ뿪Żȥ


Ͼ꼾ʪϸ࣬ҹµ磬ͣ˰죬ִ
лѦߵĺɰϹ˸С«һϹ˿֯ģĸ磬ȥһһ

һֱ¡
ûֻôɡԶߣͼһ

ճ߲ԶһͣԱߡ
΢΢ɡܣϸܵ²ִٵɨ˳һۣʦ𣿡
ͷ

лɡ˳ųǰȥĿ䵽ıӰ
㶵ؿⲻǺ

ûд뿴Ҫʲôȥٻ̳
𳵣ӯ˳ȥ

˺
죬ôá

ۣñӣˮñ£ƺûеס˶ˮ촦ʪ͸ˡ
лٿһ·ʼղֱͣڰٻ̳ſڡ
ңϳ

ͷûлӦ
л˽«Ͻĵſڡ

лٵʶӣ˵õȡű˳ȥɡ
𳵾ܡ

ͣſڣлͳǮݸûӣʼյͷ
лٽǮϣת˵

ˡ
лվſڿ

ڸʲô
αװ

лʮֲסֱڣ·ЩԵģֿͣڲԶ·ߡһֱڳͷţ¶ϥͷ

껹¡
лٳɡ߹ų̣Զи߸Ьһֻۣл˼ɫ磬ƵسԼ̣𳵾Ҫߡ

ι
ͣ¡

лƵǰһأȴһӸµ̬ձ˲𳵷ˣ
³ѣһͷɢ³һ̣ϳˡ

һһ·ñӣסͲʶ𣿡
ʶ

ǲˡ
ѵõĳĬЩˡ

лٳ߽һʲô
ЦһļһҾͱ

򣿡лӦǿѦˣʣ㿴ˣ
ȥȥʲô
һɰ


лٿһõӣ԰

С
Ϊʲô

һʱ벻ɣϸһ·òĹƺʲôëջˣеݣûš

˭УûУФҲûУ𣿡
ûش

ǵҶ׵ѧ
ţңȻǶˡ

л֣ƽƽ㲻Ҫͱɣ
ô᲻ˣ

лǣĳ
ʲô

лٰԱƣ˽ȥ
Ťȥ˿̣ؿſռŵĽ־

ָ̣˿ڣڶ֮䣬´ˣһʱͣˣҪҪȥȱ裿

ȥ
ˡ

лٰ̻ſɡ³߾ߣ׷ȥɡһҲС
ǣ˲߽

лٹţպɡ
һ̧ͷһӡ

¥£͵
šժñӣ˳˰ѰʪͷûҰˣպñҴˡ

ǰȥٻ̳Ҳɣ
Ƶءšһ

ô˵
ǲȥ򡣡

أ
Ǿ㡣ؿڱǽϣȼɱ

ֻѣǸɰװŸֶŮҪȥ
ô࣬ᰡ

š
û뵽ϳϡ

أûҪҽ͵᣿
£΢ĽëӰֻ۾ؿеġ

л¶΢Ц֣ᶨеĲ²⣬û׷ȥıҪֽ̧⿪ۣڵϣŪʪҵĵذ壬øҺúòɾ
á

˺õû
Сˣˡ

ô졣
á

˳һҩ
ӿڴͳӣû꣬㡣

лٽӹŵһߣÿ鲼ס

һˮĺڷ£׹ڵϡ
µĸˣžવŵ档

ƽضƬ̡

ʲô裿ë⣿ǡ
δ˵꣬§סǰһӭһֻס󾱣ǵ
лûоܾۣʪ½ǣӦ籩ĳꡣ





55.  55   ü

Ȼɿ, ΢˫Ķģתȥ, Ҫ뿪
лٴӺ汧ס

ͣű, Űϣš

ȥģ
Ҹˡ

ȥ
ûлش, ָڸǰϣȥһ£ûм˵һ¡

ʲô£
ûϵ, ſ

󳤾õĳĬľ΢΢󾱴Ķͷķ˿εһ, ƽ񷽲ſ, ʪ·Ūˡ

Ҫ, лȴ߬·, ٵͣСߡ

͸봰һ˽϶⡣ˣûµ
춼ҪԼߡ

΢, Ÿǰݱ, Щ棬Ҿǹ˵棬ʵǸеġպϰɣҲȫС

л, ƫ棬߳ţھȥϴ
΢΢ЦЦתŻҡ

лٵ·Ľ˸͸ֻȣƤϼȵܣﻹӿ벻ͼƽ-Ʒˡ

ҿǱŴġ

֪ỽһٵҡ
㾲ĬƬ̣΢΢ǣٽһ

ٵң裬үһ㣬ѹϸе顣
GûĳδһлţĴ

ȻԼ
쵰װˣ浽ʱЩӡ

ԼǸˡ
ռٲڹӶ˾͸˹ձ֪ʵ⣬սһһϦ֮¡

ƿл٣Ǽգòңҵϵͣ
л§ס죬˫Ǿ°ɡ

Ŀ
֪ǲΪƹ⣬һֱ˪Ӵ˿˲ůĹΣδйᡣ

֪Ӳˡ
ǱһɶȻסĲྱǣ£΢°ĥ顣
ⲻۣ̿챾ȣǼһͷҪҧлץͷ̧ҧ˻ҷ졣

лԼ⿪ۣ̿Ȼ𣿡
ôˣһ£Լϣô

𣿡
Цһ£ȵϢĶߣüˡ

ƵĿռ-ζ
һǷ·г

лٰס֣ȥ¥ϡ
¥ȥɨܳ裬Ҫŵϣл˵иС䡣
ͷȥССĴֻһ˯С

𣿡
ЦŻأˡ

㽫ڴϣָ°ڳĵļֱֱش塣
Ȼʱ꣬лٵûһ㲻ڣҲʱľöסԼ΢΢̧·

ȱߣңˣʹϾ

ҾʹϾ
Цţ һ

лνⲻۡ
ƿ֣

㻹һ£ɫĴ鲼ʪֲڣ˳·
ܴܲɡ

лٽͷקʵСС˺ָۣŸһ̡
ץס֣ϡ


Сóģһ鲻ôʵľ̳ɴ°żӣƽʱһûһһ֨֨طײ

˺ܶ࣬ûǰǰ㼱꣬һһøᣬġ

лٽŵײĴϣȥһŵİ̺ۣϡĴŵĶߣŷ紵ݶζ
ýֺĦկȺ߳档ûбȣ汻ԸߣԼ
ҲһѰ׹ˡ

֡
Ҫζһȥ

˵ʱı飬л̲סһ£Ǹ첻µزµɽ
Ǹѱ꣬Ѿɵһˡ

ĿƣնڲԶǽϹŵһϣҲûע⵽ǴǰƬɽ

𣿡°ͣһ
л١һг΢죬ۿȻ§סĲӣĶںߺ͵м֣
лл㡣






56.  56   ס

̫С, ƽʱлٶŶЩӼο˷---ꡣ
Աߵļҡҡ׹ǰ˸ƿڵ, ˤϡ顣

ͣ, лźĸ첲, ָĦơ

ҹҲ죬֮˺Һ
ûǰֲڣҲûгǹˣµĺļ롣лСϹĽһ, һһɣѪϱӿȤ

°͵ͷص𣿡
šָ˳žϻ, окöѪ
§, ƣĵץһ, Ҫŷſж٣
лûлӦ

ҹＫ, ֻ΢صĺ
Слָ״ģʲô֡
Ҳǹ֡

˭ģ
Ϲġ

˵Ǹ
ǰ, ҿһ

лٸҪĸ, ͣסˡ
⻬ļ磬ûбʵģ
ûС

ҲǺ顣
š

ң
㶼˵㲻ǡ

ͷƭ㰡
ƭģжϡлת, Щɱİɡ
ǡ

ôϾˣ
ˡ

š
ġ

ĿǰӦúæǣԶðնϾ͵͵ģΪ˼ңɱ͹ӣл̾һҪô£Ҫôʲôʡ
ֻˡ

㲻㵱ɱˣ
¡ЦЦ۾᲻ãҪ綯ˡ

ǳʲô£Եܵ¶
µˡ
˵ϣֲɵ

ҧıӣǰŮ˴ء
лٵֻֿǲ²⣬벻ͨҲ롣Ը񣬱Ѫ𣬾Ϊʲôѡʲô֮Žտ֮Ǳзֲȷֱǰձ˺Աͳһÿһ϶һĿӣӼᶨҵĲ²⡣Ҳֻɺϣ²Ҳֻǲ²⣬һҪһ϶Ĵ𰸡

Ǹйүǡ
лһů⣬漴ʲôʱߣ
ϸСزұС̫һǿƴȥձʽսµҲŻҵϼˣҲûҪٴڹˡ

ȥξ
ԡһ֪Ҫãȥ֮ǰ㡣
ȥɡ

ң
סҲ

ļ磬ƺһЩ糺Ǹеľ㣿
š

üˡ
ղ˭˵˲

ס죬Ǵ˰ɡ
лЦ֣أ͸ˣ˵вٷ£ֶμرʲôʱõģ

ͷ˲䡣
лٰ㡣

ǴŮˣίӵ-ӣһձģһˣû¡
˵ġ
ǸͨŮ飬

ûˣ
ü

ʲô
Ц£̫ЩŮţһ֪£ɧô졣

Ǹ֪أ
һҵС÷ϡ

Ĭ˵Щû˼ֻио

֪лѧǰĻϷɵġġˮεģȣֻĸġ

ţ˵ģ
Ȼأ

ǵˡͷСԴӣǻͦ
Ȼ

ɽõңȥˣ
һؼˣȥݡϺϾ

㵹ܣҺҡ
㶼ȥձˣҶá

ĬƬ̣ҹǰ·
лһᣬ˲ļ磬ϾЩǺ飿
öࡣ

ҡ
㡣䣬ţúĻ·ɱ˵¡

Ҳġ
ЦһССֵģԶˡ

Ǻһ£
ƨ-ɣôɱˡ

۸ͷˣѲ׸ôֻǾˡ˵£䲻սںҲС˴͸иҵһӦñǲ鱨򺺼飬ǸԭееڰеĲйǵ鱨յ뺺飬һֻӬһѺ۵ϲѣԽԽͷҽƤֻһͷѱǧٿס

ҵİ֨ҪǸһǸ󽫡
лٴıȡЦ𣿡

ûСЦűۣ˵öԣСӵ鱨ȷʵܺãǻоǵľӣϸµÿ죬ǵıʵսϰߡٲͣ£ԱȡĻܡҲҪһ庺顣

лٰǿ۾㲻˵۸ҡ
˵ֱۣҲûҡ

˵
û취Ӷء

лȥЦ֣ۣôˡ漴סһ㡣
һᱣԼ


ҲҪ


Ҫ

Ҫ𣿡Цŵǰͷǹ±͵ƨɡ
лŲЩ˵ˣˡ

ȥǱߵعϡ
лٲټ⣬úúãġ

㷭ѹ¡лֳؿڣˡ
㳶֣Ǿ


ۻˡ
ȦڣҲܶû˯þ˯һ졣

лٿã£ʪ·ȴ¿ڴвһƬӲ
Ƕȡʱɲסˡ

Ƭ
ʱμ̫̫磬ڽյġ

ƬϵŰɫСڿӣѥ˼ɫϣȳķ򣬴ϴЦݡԱߵĺִļϣʮָ˵س徵ͷЦ
ָƬ緢ꡣɻغߣá

лٴսЩգҪ뿪Ц§͵ҡ
û˯Ű

оңˡ
Ҫ˯𣿡

ۿ˯
ε֡


㻹
ϻ

ҪȥԵ㶫ɡ
ϣԷȻᡣ


ֱڣ˲
ǰлΪȻûյȴһװ

ûдװЩҡ²̫ʺϡ
лٱһߴĳ΢˸ĸϡ

ȥлٳһСӣطƫƧλһСϰǸƯĹѸպܺá٣ªȴɾࡣ

ȲЩͰӣϾɫСԡ
һݵлߣƿ֣Ҫڡ

ջ֣ιҡ
С𣿡
ǰ

лЦż˸ҭ㡣
±ȥϰ棬ӹл
ϰź㣬л˵һμλǣ

˴𣺡ɷ򡣡
лûзϡ

ϰ΢ѽһΪ㵥ء
лٵԶţŻ

ã䡣ϰЦȥ˺ȥˣ԰
á

ϰ˵ţ˴ڳһ档
лپ̻ʵģǶûԶˣ
졣룬˸ɾ

ô˵
˸һЦſǹųˡ

лεؽϰ壬½㣬鷳һ档
Ϻá


лٵ͹˺ķ룬˸ĺӣһҹҲ
Ѿˣ·˼ǣ֣ڴƵػλؼҡ

ôЩ꣬ӲеɢＸȦҲװıĬǰ·սİŮ˵֣ѵõһ˿ƽ

룺ûս˵ѾŮϥˡ

ٵЦ
лЦʲô

㴹ƽƽĸ˯ôأôһ㶯ûУ
֪㲻
ҲС˵ԲԺ㡣

Ҫӣ
ڲ롣ֱȥǣ֣ԺҪ𣿡

Ҫǲȥұ𣿡
ģҾͲҪˡ΢΢ҹգֶˣɽկʱġккɽŮͽкδ
лšüؿ

Ҳţǵµҵġ
ðɣġ

ռŵĽֵ
ߡ
š

һۣȥģ
ʡ

Ϊʲô
֪˾ͻ룬ϢᣬϢҲᣬ粻̧֪ӣȥģ֪㽫ľͿˡ

Ҫأ
ҲûѶȨ㻹ţڷ¿СŲĿ⣬սʤ㻹ûҾͲˡ

ңͣվţң޸𣿡
ҲУԼһҲС

Цߣ㵹˷ġ֣ûұɹҲҵ㣬㡣
㻹
ǰţˡ

Ϊʲô
ûʲôɣͻȻˡֻ̧֣մ̫˵ѪҪµģҲ֪ܲܵһ顣
Ҳǣһµ

㲻һɱǶˣմźܶ޹Ѫ
ԾجΣ

ô֪
类㳳ˣͷüͷʹ࣬ϼ

ãЦŻգôߵģߣ
лεһ£ᡣ





57.  57   ػ

лվһЩ̨, ļͷ˳խߣһ£ˤԼС
ĸ߶, ˱ƽˡһֱۻ, ʹԼһ𣿡

лٿ, ЦӶͷһֱ׵ӣͣ


лŤ㽫š, ҧסϴЦף㡣

Ա·
лƿҪҪȥ
ȥ촽, ȥģ
ػӡ
ð, һΪҪ˽

ȥ
밡һȥĶá

лһ, ŲԶһˡ
ȴ˵߹ȥɡ

еԶ
ߡ

ػӱ, ˽һСʱż·ߵʱ˵ͬе, û̫Ļ, ȴһҲĬԵΡ
壬δЪҵټʱ಴ڰ, ֻһվšҪմؼˣֱлٰ˵⡣

лЩʧ䣬̾ԺǾںӱ߰ɡ
һ¡µǰ˼䣬лŶһҲû

һЦų֡
˵ɣһˡ

лٸ˵߹ȥַлץסϣײĻ˵ʲô
㡣

лٷһۡ
㻶ϲؿı飬£˵Ҫȥսˣûһ˲֪ܻܲ
лƬָ̣һͣ϶ܻҵ㡣

ǰĴϾϵ¾ǴҴҼδúеľɫսձϾ˲ˣϷܣܡиҵࡣ

֮ǰＷܶബر֣кܶƯŮˡ
ûҵİ֨ÿ

û
һ

ãǰһδҲûЩϳĹ
ϸϸţֱԶˣл٣ᳪС𣿡
ᡣ

ˣ˾Ϲɡ
š

˵ǵĻ
лЦ֡

ʣʲô˼
硣

һ£Цٽһ
лֻһúﻯһ̯ˮ㣬§סļ磬á

лȣöġ
ˣǽзˣ

㻹ǽְɡ
ðɣ֨

лЦŽͷļ磬š
ͲһƣǺ㣬ġ

鰡
鲻ã֪ĻΪǡ

Ӱ
ӣˡ

лٵַ֣ˡ
ǰͷŽС֣ҲЦ

֮ǰЩ̫̫ԼҲһ


ᡣ̾ƫƫͷͷţ統ҵġ

С㡣
ŽС㡣


һȦ˹һˡ
л˸ʾ⴬һȦ˿Ů˯ˣҡҡͷ̾ٴһˡ

ϴμ˯ô껹ǰлܹĵǱձм⼸ѵضȹÿһҹƬ̵İάֲ˶ãҪȥǹڵбˡ

ҹˣ
谵ĵƹҲûлٸ֣ĵǰ·ԽԽ·ʾǵδ
лַ̧˷־ԼЩɵһͨͨˣȻ⡣

ֱۣ˯ؿϤ·ߣôһ飿
˯ᣬٻһȦ

üģŲ˸أɵװϣֱſռˣ
лЩŵˣСĵȥ
ұ㣬

ҪԼŰɡ
㽫˫Ժ󣬿ҹյǣĬá

Ҫ˯ᣬȵҽ㡣
ûпҡͷ۾գҲգĿϷ
ô꣬ȥطϱڹ⣬Ǿɽÿ

˵˳ءӡտῡկկЩˡ
۾лٿеԼһ̵ĴӺɷӦöزǰ


лϰվȣԶ˻֮
ͬʱȥͼվű֡

ȤҲ˭
лһֱܹ

ô档
ҵĳֱϰŰϷ¥ɨһ飬ˡԴվлˣ˭

û֨뿴лôشû뵽ȴ˵˾䣬ѡ

ѣ
е㲻ˬ

ƹȥһؼѽ
ҴԼصһ䣺

˲ÿģ
á˵ţͱȥ

֡
ҪȥˣˣҲؼҰɡ

һ£ǣаЦ԰֮㣬һδһȥ𣿡
лûϣδԺлһԸ

ˣǲزסЦ⡣
ֿ㣬δصĹĶлٶ˵Ѧÿײлٵļ磬üЦģǻȥɣټ
á

Цһ·
лײĸ첲ɵЦʲô

ǸеĽѦ尡
š

ղŮ˵ұÿ
лεЦһ£ǹôСõ

ϻЦһδ򡣡
ѽ

δ򡣡
л֣¡
׷ȥ

أ
ûˡ

һ·תһ·
ȻЯůķ磬ʪѣȻͣ£žཻ

֪Ҫ룬ȴ˴ϣûĻ
ܹһ·ͬһ磬ѾǺҸ¡


лٵĴ󴲱۵Ӳ̫ˡ
˴ͷͷͷֲͷҹ¥ºȻжǰˡлҪͣ£㲻ס죬-
߸Ь¥ˣ֮

лı㷴ʹﶥ
֮𣿡

ıƲסںҧ°ͣɿлƵƿ˯²ЬţӭײϿİ
ţˡ

Ѿ˯𣿵ţΪû˯˼ŵˡ
û˯

ôô죿üǲ𣿡
ûУϳԶˣȦֺ˵ơһ㺹Цȷ磬ȣ׼ϴ衣

֜ЦЦ˵һģиϺˣǸרʦҵķӣûĻͰѶ¥һ䡣
á

ͬµĵܵܣҼǸŵΪҳʱ䲻ڣҪĻʱǵһҾǰ˽һ棬Ȼپ
ã㿴˵۹⣬˵ķӣͺá

Ǿ̫ˣϢҾͲˡ
ãҲ˯
ͷ¥ȥˡ

лٻط䣬ڴϿеġ
ôҰȥǰ˱ˮ£ȵ̫©˳Ųȥ

ĵĺܣŮ˸ĸϻƵģһצ̵һƬ
лЦŷ±ӣ˹§ס-Լϣ-δɵˮա

ǹصưɡ
ء˯ۣϲ㡣


ڶ磬ˣͣذ塣
§˯˰˰塣

лۣȥ
һļ˴һȦ·ûҵŶ̿㴩ϣƵ¥ȥ

һسͷȥͻȻˡ
Ѧ壬лފˡ

ҲסˣѦΪͣ漴ãˣл֮

ûлފĸ硱
лފˣԼЩϤȴôҲ벻ֱĸ硱ȻͰļؼǰ
㰡

ţȽɣ֮˯ȥ

Ѧһͷˮʶ
ȻʶȻɵС⣬ϵǳ

Ѧ˳ĸ¿һۣһãȻҹ֮һ𣿡
ȻҴģ






58.  58   ͷ

㡪Ѧ岱Ӷͺˡ
Цſ, ػлފϣţȽ

лފ˵á, ˽ȥ
Ѧ岻ɵ, ǰ⸱磬֪ʲôֱӵ, ϲų̶̵İ̺ۣļָӡǺۡ
֮ˡ
Ѧ岻ϸ룬ҡ

лފڿ, ¥Ӱŵлފ˭
ǵСٵˡ

ѦȻŭҪ¥ݳ, 
лފס, 𼤶ʲô˵

лſڴϳ˯, 㺦ȥ
лûӦ, Ķ䣬ˡ

лۣ˭
ĸ硣

лٵʱƿ, , ĸ磿
Ǹ㶩ıѧ㣬ֳŴǣ⸱ģ

лץץͷ, ·
ЦŴ³˯ȹлٴæϣҪȥ㽫˹סϸȥˣ
ôˣ

ôˣקĵٴһ߻
лҪߡ

ֽ


ˣԺ
ޡлٴ¹׳Ӵϣ˰ɣ

˵ȥɡ
㲻ȥ𣿡

û·촩ıˮˡȥҲԣҲ¿㲻С
лԼ˯³˦ȥ㻹Űɡ

ЦȥǴ˯ȹԼá

Ѧŵӣѡ
ȥôûû˽ʲôȥˣ

߬·ﾡ˿ĺ󱳣ʵļ⣬Щ˿Ĵ֮
ӵԴߺޣߣһ˿̵Ľһ߳壬϶Ůϲɡ

л£ͷС¥ĸ硣
лފ΢Цӭþò

лٿѦ壬ôһΪҪȥþá
Ѧû˼Ӷˡ

лٲΣתлފĸôϾˣ
ڣһۡлފ¥ݿȥˡ
šɣҸǵˮ

Ѧ尴಻סƿڶ۸ˣǾ㣿
лٻͷЦſûУá

顭࡭á
ѦĿ

лȥˮˮĸã
죬һ׮Ҫ̸

лޒˣлǰţ̾ĸ绹Ǽ̳˼ҵ
û취粻ˣֲãּܵ£ʮֻС

𣿡
ˡлފ⻹ã˵⿪˼۵ꡣ
ԣڡ

ѦһֱĬ飬鵽ĽֺȣסҴվ֮Ҿˡ
һԸɡ

ˣɡ
лٸҪѦ̧֣ˡ˵첽˳ȥ

лފȥл٣ûǴĻպΰɣ
лǡ

ʲô
׼ȥξ

лފͷǽˣ
ûС

лފȻЩ鲻ùʣϾѾôˣԼ⣬㵱Ժҹ㣬ֵȫ֪˺ˣѵ²
лٵЦЦĵ

һҧ㱻̶ˣҲ˳˵ţǹſڣһóšҲڼңʱ˵ûȵ㣬ȥˮ˺ü죬ȥҵʱ򣬼ݵƤˡ
лٳĬˣɬɬġ

Ȼãóϲ㡣
š

أôģ
Ҳϲ

Ҳȥˣû˵ҪȢ㣿
ǲط겻ãҪˡ

ŮӼһҪע
лһˡ

лފЦЦðɣ֪㲻Ҿ˵˵Լ
ţ

ô
л룬ܲ˵û·ɣ̫е˺Ϣˡ

˵Ϲ
㽫·ȥ̸һ

Ҵȥҵĵɣ˳Ե㶫
áлފվأ
ù

ĵڴߣлȥϴϴվſڿҪȥԷ
ԡ

Ұ
ȥ𣿡
԰žԼֻҪ㲻Ӷˣñ˿Ů˶ͣԼ˿г

лûЩ磬ڼҴŰɣԼȥԶ㲻죬һ鷴ԵΡ
ҲΡ

лЦŲûôƤ
㲻»ң

лٿ㲻𣿡
§סһ£ҡ
ɡ


Ҫɿлٱס첲Ǽ°ͣ㡣
ʱ˸оǰһ¡
лѿë֣

֣㡣
촽á


лٴлފȥ˶ٷȥԼĵС졣
лފϺ㣬лٴ˺ü绰ؼңû˽ӣǳȥˡ

ҪȥѦɫҴҵظϹ
лټʲôô
ϡϺˡ


лފҪκûгߣֻùҹ
̴ҪԵģ˿ڣлފѦȥס£лٱŻؼˡ

ûڣﻹţɺȴˡ
лڴϿŴ㶣һСʱСʱСʱ

ûл
˵˵ģˣ֪һɡ

лڴ˯ˣЬӻڽϡ
ϣ³̨̺סĶӣԱ߿һޡ

ҹлˣ۷ֺ˯ԱߣΪԼΣݺһ£۵Ļչȥ§ס
㱻ѣסĺ󾱣Ķͷ컹û˯ᡣ

лûȥˣȥʲôֻǾر
һֱû˯ţԴһװ߰Ļ룬һֿյ޷˼Ψлůʵġ

Щȣ΢ô
˫˫һԽ·Ǹı飬ΪҹȡҵġҪ͸һ˿ѡֺ

װ£϶һһ˯ȵԺ˵л̵ͦıӣ𣿡
лһֱ§һͲˣҪ

ĸأ
֪ӦѦŰɣҪ߻һġ

㲻ŰЦң˹ҹ


ĸһԷɡ
л̧첻ˣ
š

лϲֲǾ˯һ졣
Է𣿡
ԡ

֪Ϻ˰ɣ
֪

ȥӱڿȥˡлٵͷ̾Ϻô
š

һʵĳӣߡ
š

ЦЦʲô˵
ڼˣ
֪⿴һۣ͸ķ϶ǿʮһ㡣

ĸԷ
ô˵ҲΨһϵĸ磬ٲȥûòˡлٵ۾㣬Ҷˣɡ

лŲҪˡ
Ƭ̣Σѣɷܹ͵

л¶Ц˵ġ
֪ܣƤЦһ£Ǹ̵ϣ׼ȺСӴĽų졣

֪ţ


ǰ̣˼⣬ֲ赭Щ
극лފȥ˳վ

ϳǰлފָŲԶĵл˵ȥ÷·ϳԡ
á

лފ֧㵥˵仰˵Ҫȥξ
ԡ

ȥϺ
ǵġ

ȲսҲȥˡ
㴹ۣлފھΣȥˣֲġĺļ磬ȥúôӡ
һ

СûûﰮΨһ׵үүҲˣǼֵܽҲͬ裬ԼһϾ¿ģһҪԼСձˣȢá
ͷ

лٻˣ㽻лފ
ˣˣǻȥɡ
š

лފ߳ȥͷǻ֣ȥɡ


Ϊս£ʲôҲ˲

ϣȥ˸
лվſڿĨ˰лٹָ

лû
ֽһͰˮȥÿ𣿡
š

ͷۣë˲壬Ҽͷɡ
лٿİ볤ð

ȥ˸˸ͷ
лºܾϸݲðȱݣãԼĽˡ

졣վվӣĨ˰ͷôôÿ
лεЦȷʵÿȥ׸ͷ¶Ӳ

մ鷢ģȥ˸
л·ߵ

Ů˼ɺͰﵹЩˮ
ųţϴġ

ˮ뵡
ϻģ֪ˮǺ


ڶ죬л˸µױȻȥķװȹӡ
ϲɫǰɽկʱԼ·ʮǺɫġ

ĴԼڴ߿˯ա
һҹδ˯ȴް⡣ѹһۿ޵ŮڴߣЦ

˵ļҵƯϱųѵ룬ԭҼҵѽ
л°͵ǣѽǺμҵġ

ȹڣлٰסˡ
ɡϣĺá

л̽Ϊ-⡣
ۣԴս㡣


ڼԷ˶ôлټ˵档
˵еˡ

лٿŴˣһֱδӣҪҪˮ
ҡͷӳ꣬¿ӡ

лپţһԲ
Ĩһ̧ͣۿȻҾˡ

лٵͷ㡣
ã᲻á

ޡлٿĿ룬ٳһ𣿡
á

룬ʢ˫ֽ£лл
лԭأӼ𼸸һСڣһᣬֳˡ

Ҫ𣿡
á

лٷ¿ӣվ롣תӺͷסȴʲôҲû˵
лٸֱȥʢ棬ž˾ˡ
ſ

лٽ浹ˣ飬ڹǰվƬ̣ŶǺѾˡ
л£ǰ
ʳɹ󣬺ܶ˳Բɲ˷ѡ

ѳԵ档
Լôӡ

ᣬᣬ۾Ҳᡣ
Ȼ¥ϸ׷˳ȥ

㡪
·ͷעܹŮˡ

лվǰһذ׵ݸĵǸɡ
˹

ÿδɱ˶ˣûʧ֣Ҳûܹˡлٴûʲô㣬ϣܴˣҲϣԶò
ſֱۣһ¡

лûбһͻ̲סᡣ
Ѿ̵úˡ

߰ɡס½ǣҲ˵Ϳš
ͷ

һߵżСֵʳ
װó˸ʻлվͷ

ƽضӡ
ˡ
š

˾С˵ӵһ£
кب壬ѵسлٳһ˿ĵЦߡ

½ߣлԭĿǡ
ִڴϣĿתؿźӾ촩˺ȹӣĵƤ׵ķ⣬ļʹãã˺Ҳһۿ
ֱӹ䣬ӰŲĿ⡣


ϡ
лٴվ˼룬յܡ

ǰϰˣʲôһ죬ȻֿĲʡ
һߣѶȫޣʣµľ޾ĵȴ

֪Īı˺ţһŻҰס͸üѡ
Ѵ¶ˣź㣬Ҳҧǿһ̣˳ӵĴϣʹشһ

΢ͷǿѹסؿڲϷӿϵɬУͼתע⣬ȥ
ʲô뿪Ͼණ

ţȻԶ-ԽԽ
漴-شûÿһ˵š

Χ۷׷ףָŶϱߵϡһջ-Уð׹䡣

ۿżܵ-ϷɹȺܼµһͨɨ-䡣
Ƕʱɢ񱼡

ݵʯҷɣĻ̶ʱƵض
ըĶһƲɢãΧǴ̶ļС
ǰߡ

ţӶӶ
̡

ĳûԶŵлϷɹֱ˼Ҳ˲˾ֱͣӴӳ˳ȥڵϹһȦվ·ܡ

ǿֻŵصҴܣеӱ߶㣬еı-ն
һŮʯһȱʯҵѪģл˹ȥƿʯͷŮ˳̽̽Ѿˡ

Զһ죬̧ͷգһջ-ս-¼Ϸɣ-Уȥˡ

֨
֨
Χǡ

лûڽ۵귽ȥ

֨
ĿһȻͷ㲦ȺԼ

ôֻˣ

˲ϻĻֱ۲鿴Ѫˣˣ
ҵġ

лٱײһ£㻤-նߡ





59.  59   ٷֱ

ǰķն, ̻δβЩֽˮǽߣ˼÷·һҪݡ

, ʲôҲ, ǰͻȻ˴ֵ磬Ϊڰһ˿ѹ֡
һϴүײ, һ߷˺ԲͣǰСӣأ

Сײǽϣ󺹲Ҷ, ĬĬһ䣬б¸ȥ
ȭҪлֱٰۼǰߡ

ݼһ
١Ů

лǽվ, ֳǽ, ڻС
һԲ

лٿߣһλĸױźӶڵᡣ
ұ, һλ̫̫ƶǽͣ߶šӡ

ձôôˣڴϺ𣿡
ոտи˳Ӷըˡ
˵ˣÿ¡

Զĵĺڰлص, 
Ҳ

лٺȻ뵽ϡһԤ֮е⧲س֣ɢԭе򣬽СƽϢĳѨ
ⳲѨ䡢ʪ, ˾͸Χֵζ, ŨŨḯζζζĻ¶ˮˮζһеž˵ĳ㡣
һҪס㣬ؿ, Լشں

§סˣ
лҡҡͷɿĿСϡ
СЦһ£лٽӲǻӦ

̧ϵѪգΪʱˣ棬ָײܹεƫƫ㲻ϰָףǼùͺͺƤ⡣˼£𣿡
лҡͷ

۸ҡ
š
ź㣬ëס۾˿̵񡣿лܸܵ˿̵飬һֱרעԼϵѪֻΪҸ㷢й

ըֹͣˣԶҲֹͣˡ
½ÿ϶һεƣյҲƲһӣýٺ¶

ǣľпٵߡ
ȥ
ؼҡ

㲻ˣ
뿪ߡ

лקͣ£ȥ
뿪

лţȻʲôۣǰ˻ﱧŵĶ󣬽Ųһ¡
ôˣл˳߿ȥֻһС˹ģﱧһӣûʵ¶һ

ֽ˽ˡ
лټ׷ʣôˣ

ղǸӦþ۹⡣δǣסֵȭͷգΪӷɻָʾըĿꡣ
лٶʱҪȥ
ȥɱյġ

ôˡǰçײ˺ڵʮֳסؼңȥ
ƾʲôȥ
εЦˣҲҪ
лĿᶨһ𡣡

ǸǺȥ
·ˣشкߵƫҲڵеľӣҡڵֳֺߣԹԵţըôһᣬʲô⡣

Ȼһ˵ȥ·
ŵһǸ绨ĹŲۣС𣿡
а

ŪѪˣɫȹӣϧôƯ·Ҹ
лЦһ顣

ظҪ˵Ȼһ˫ԴϣһŤĲӶˣ췢ǽϣȥ
ľӸ׹䣬һأӡƬҰ졣

ǽϲ£л뿪


ϣˮлҪߣӹȥ·
лٵۿԼƬƬѪǸըĹᲽ¥ȥ

ûеŽ˵ˮ¡
վڳ̨ߣŷڵˮβŻعÿӼضϵˡ
пڳԵѾġʢ룬˳ŵ

лûʲôǳɫ·ֲ봩ɫñ˴øһͨҳɫ۴ϡ
¥ǰ

Ųߣȣͳһɡ
л棬ĬĬԷ¡

Ȼ˰塣
лٸϽȥţܡ

ţվԺ˵˻ỰŻ
˭

ܣһѣ֮ǰͨһЩҩƷ֮ĵ
ϴȥǣ
š

ҾͲΪ˿΢΢ЦһЦصԼӻ͡

˵ʲôˣδشֲ˵Ļˡ
ûʲôôߡҾ뿪

ȥģ
ȥФơ

Ǹֻۣ
š

ԡ
ͬ⣿

ͬ⡣
Ҹ˺ˣ
¡ЦҵŮ˿ϱˡ

лȥҪˣյҲ㿹ա
ȥսǹӸɡס֣ܶˡ

лĬȻ
ԱߣԷûôԣҪι𣿡
лӲһ˿΢Цð


ҹлԺûԱߵˣҿֺ̨ۣϣɿţͷ̡
лپõ˿ʲôҲ֪Լ뿪Ͼǲߵġ

ͷ˰ͷŻص䡣
лٱװ˯оԱһ£û˶

ûۣҲ˿עԼ
ܳʱȥˣ룬Ҳ˯ˡ

ҪۣԱߵ΢΢ۣ˫ֱͷعȥŴȡ
ȥء

лԺס΢΢һ漴ֱˡ
˵˳ߣȥФƣϢͨģټϸѧУǨӦðȫࡣ
ס֣û˵

˯ˣ
ת⸽𣿡
ûС

ɿȻڴϣ
лٲЦҪ

ѽ
лҡͷͷˣקĽˣԼҪġ

Ц§סӣԺȥԭ
á


սʱһۡлٶ٣ҲûʲôΣֻ·Ǯơ
ǰҹδлފš޶׼лٸһߡ

ʮûл٣һֱڽ䣬СǰǶ
лٿǣлފлأ
ߣҪլҴŵܵߡ

лٿЦһ϶ʱǵƼҲ
Ҳ֪ƢȰлж٣ھʣҸʮܣǸϽ뿪лފ̾˿ҵϺôպⲻþըըѼź͸ţְըˡ֮жΣգйȫ

ɩüرźػΣ̫ˣ˵Ͼ˶ĵطըըˡ
š

ãһؼʱĸ㣬һŮ޿ģһ߰ɣô˵ҲһˣиӦ

лٴӦˡ
ĸչˣҲĺܶࡣ

ҪȥݣȻ˴ǰӢ

һΣߡ
лϴͷҲص뿪ŮվЩȥʮף˾ͣ¡

ӺԼ
ӭȥ

ҵȢҡлҧĶ䣬𣿡
á


ݳ̽Զ
лފҴ㽭Ϻ̫Ӱƹȥٴӽߡ
ϵģ˸Ϣ

лµڷԼʬ⡣

Ҳ֪ȥȥϺ;УѾˡ
Щͷۣ¥

ڴţûʲôס꣬ĺܡ
ϵıֽҲܾûˣһϸµġ

лŷ˷
Ϥı

ż֣һһ顣
﹣ǿ

ȫйͬǣƽΣΣлΣֻȫʵпսǵĳ·


ڶһ磬ɩȥлٵķţȴ޻ӦҲû
СٰϴϴԷ׼·ˡţȥȴһˣС٣

лފʰɩææֽފ磬㿴
лފӹֽлٵּϵá

ͷдȼ֡
Ҳȥˣĸɩء

ıʼȴǰϾˡ
лފ֣гʹ

ҪҪȥ
ˣ治ߣõŶߵġ

ˣΪʲôͻȻˣ
лފ̾Ϣһˣʰɡ





60.  60   

лϵФ, ǰƽרĵ绰ͨˡֻ֪ѧУǨ룬òԶȥһˡ
ѧУǨʱ, ԼӴַ֪л˹ȥ, ·ϵջһȺѧ
רˡ

СӣͣһλŮͬѧǰ, á
Ůͬѧͷá

Ǳƽרѧ𣿡
ǵġ

֪ϵФФơ
֪ǵʦ

ѧУ𣿡
Ҳ̫Ƕæ, þûˡ

ѧУǲǰ棿
ԣֱǰߣո䣬и, һȥͿˡ

, лл


лֱȥ
ŮͬѧԱߵͬѧ˵ǲǾФʦδޣ

пŶ
Ư

лѧУУ񴦣칫һɫ̳ʦ, æӭ, á
ãˣФʦ
ʦó, βŷӦ, һӣҸ㵹衣

鷳ˡ
ʦǵ˱ˮлٽ, һԵϣлл

ɽﻹͦġʦƤһֱվţ
ãվžͺá


Ͼ

ʦɫأ˵Ͼ⵽ջըˡ
šлٿǽϹҵһһ۱Ф֣֪֮Фʦȥ𣿡
ȥϺϼҾɡ

绰Խһ𣿡
Ȼá

лٲФƼе绰ȴ˽ӣ»ͲллȻڣҾˣţæ
ʦסФδޣ
ǣѡ

ʦЦŵͷ˵ҪҪȵͻˣʦ߽ЩȻϲҲ⵽˺ըƫƧԱȽϰȫ

ã鷳ϵһ£˵л
á

ллƤ뿪

߳ȥԶʦ׷㲻ҪȥϺɣ
лٻͷǡ

ǻϾ𣿡
š

ϾȫɣƽӦûᱻը
š

㻹ȥ
š

ʦ޻˵
лٳ˸ͷ


лըʬҰ
㱻ڲ¡
߲ܹ

㿴һ˳ĵʽֿĸʦ
һλȥͲСʿͷŽһģ

ʮˣʮߣʮ
Сʿǹе㻰أģ

߹ʲôģ
һƣ˳Ǹ٣𣿡
Ҫξ
š

ˣ
ɽ

Сʿǹӵı¶ӣ
ؿһۣǹ׼ҲϹ
㡪Сʿˡ

ЦһС˼Ƣϲʲô
㡣

ùǹ𣿡
ûչ

ûλʿҶ˵ûչСţ
ָָԼ۽ǣ

ϺǡȤԱߵɳϣǾ㣬㸺ɳˡ
á

ԱߵСʿָԶľţȥǱ߻ȦƳһۺ㣬㰡
Сʿ˿ʯͷմҵľϻ˸Ȧ󲻴󣿡
Ӧź󣡡ǹݸ㣬ӣ׼㰡

СҡûǹЦӵϼ˿鲣˵࣬ȻľһԲģûӦǹùԵһľϵĲһء
СʿٺٵЦϣǹеһȡ

ʽӣأݿ죬ֻҪеģҶáǹӸԶѣսƴԣҵͷߡ

ͦ󰡣ǰʲôģ
ˡ

ˣЦ˾ˣܴӹ˲ˡļ򣬡ʮʦһӪ

СӡԶһ
ˡ

װȥ
СӴһ

Ӵ󣬾װֽţײ̫ģǰŦӶ۲ϡ·ıͦ޳ˣͦԺ͸ҡ
Цֵܣʱ˭˭˵׼ء
Сʿǿ

˵꣬ǰ˺ϡ
̹ˣ
ûǵú֣ģڻըǡ


ʱ·̫ˣлٸżֳһ·ŻصϾ

лȥܶطҲڲٵĳһʱ䣬ûһϾ⡣ϲУǷ飬ʳУԼԼ⽨ҵԼҵĸо

˵㶫ȥܼС졣
ܻһôֻˣ㲻Ǹˣ

ˡ
ô

ȥȥ𣿡
ƿڡ

ͬѣʿڷսĴҹҹߡЦţ㰡
ܽüͷ㰡

̾ˣȥ˵
ͳԿ׿ţ̽ݡ

Фϵ𣿡
컹ͨ˵绰Ϻˡ

ȥˣ
ԡ

ȥģ
磬ձ˲ͷ򡣡

ѧУҸմǱʦ˵ֻʱ١
˵Ϻܵ˱һֱϾˣ
ȥİȥϺФƻջ֯ЩݽݳҿɲСлЦڲ裬麺Ƚϳ֣òװϾС죬һɡлһۣ㲻߰ɣ
ȥ⡣

ϼˣûȥ
ûȥҪϾɾЩյԽˡܷشһӣǰ߾Ѫ⻤溺޲ðй͸յġ
лĬȻ

ĵ껹𣿡
ȿŰɣըƽٸɱġ

㰡ǿÿ
лΪԼһ裬ҶԣϾķҲ˯ðġ

ڶҩ̵ϰ壬ʮֿɡ
á

áʲô˼
һ𰡡


лٻصңѴȫͨ硣Ϣȣȷ紵˲
ʰ꣬¥ݴ죬صĽŲǸˡ
лڵվųȥֵƤ䡣

л٣ͣ½Ų¥ϣãǳԽˣлСɡ
š

ԽƤڵϣͣϣŵ㡣
ޣķǱߡл˻š
Խ˿ȥӹȥյſڣĿ




Ϻɣ
ԡ

Ǳߴôˣ
ͣ˵Ҿռơ

лٿοллϢɣԽҡ
á


δ»ɽͷʧء
ҹ̹࣬ˣͷ͹ڻ̹ը˳ȥСӣƵұȥ
ǣ

㣬ɽӳ塣

ڻҡûһȦƵɳѺ󣬳ŹӾһɨָӵȥƨɣ
ģ

̹˳ɹǵĹӪݻ١
¶ס

սһѺıĲ
㹴ǣϻ

̫ˬˣСӵرǹҪߣȻһں˹ըɡ
ſڵϣ˿Ѫĭյģƨɡ

ͷɻ¡¡ըһ¡֧ԮȻϡֱ֡
˻𣬡

Ƶǽۿһö--ǰֵܽűߣ˹ȥƵһľ档
һ

һԴϣأ
лˡֵܴøֿɨ䡣

ȻںͷķɻϺ-ըվ-ͻѹǴ
ֲã̹˷ˡ

Ӫ񺰣
ǰͷ˻㻹ս飬קߣ߰
ɱˣһ߿

ӳ
ûӵˣһߣӵϼսѵǹҪȥ

ٲȫ군סĲϣ-̵ˣӾͲ㡣





61.  61   Ӣ갡

ϵĳʻ, ǮľǮľ׷Ϊǰսһ

ջֶϾǽпϮ絽ǰը, »빤ըϡ, ͷҲ⡣ְʧסӪ

, ţŰڵſһֱл١
·ըͷ棬лûϳ, ߽ŷǰ磬磿ôˣ
лһ̣ٿӿϰ塣

лٱס, ˸ı, Ƚ
š

лʪ˿ëݸ߿ޱ߲, Ҽ˵ը˲ö㣬Ͼ, նҲʵڼûǮʳҲԣֱը, ûùҡɩӻ컰л, ûߣܡ

ϾΣյģӷɻըһΣ˵׼ʲôʱû, û뿪ɡ
վҲ£Сʱ˵ʱڼҳأˤ˸ͷͷƤȥʮʱϵĵף˺öѪ˵ûˣӲ˹
л¶΢Цӵķɻɲը

סֻΣϰ壬ûطȥˣҰɡ
ڵҲû⣬㿴ֶˡ
ûϵиطʱžͲˡֵᣬԴȢϱǾͲҵļˡ

䲻ͬлȴܸͬܣùëᣬס֮ǰһƬըˡ
Һס˵ĸ˫˸ӣȻ󣬵ҲǹģҪҷ⣬ſƽո
ҲС

ͬˣ
š

籧Ĳллϰ壡
лƿ


Ϯʱлڸһձˡ
϶ʱҳһƬ-֯Ⱥն

Զգҷս׷ŵо-ը˫ڿмսճɹǵĺը
׹ðź̵ջѣ׷׻
ã
ըЩյģȫ

һңձҲˡ
лҪۻȥһֻס

֮
Ѧ塣

лٳ֣ٿձˣѾûȺ

Ѧüͷ㲻𣿡
ֻˡ

ʲôϾôΣա
͵Ҳ뱳ɡ

˵ǸˡȥϺξˡ
š

лߣѦԱߣϺ֪ܴʲôʱ򣬾˵սңһ޵ÿϰٳǧսʿӲϵԮɻڿը
лٴ֪

ϺһʧݣӱȻϾ򡣴Ҷܣʱ˵ܴƱ򡣡
Ͻ߰ɡ

һֱ⣿֪㲻뿪ٻдš

лûѦ۵꣬кѦˡ

ôҲˣ
ûطϰ

һѦεظл϶¥֮᲻𣿻ڵǸˣ
ɫлٽ̨ϵĻ͵ǰɡ

ʲôʱ㻹ЩһըȫûˡѦ̾ȥϰɣҼǱһլӣǱߵĻرƯҪʲôԡлٲԣֲ֪Ҷû뷨ֻѡ
ллĺ⣬Ҳȥ

л֮
˵ģϾȫߡ

ʲôʱ˻ִѦ徲ĬƬ̣ҳһֽдһҵһѣڹ¥ҽԺʲô¿ϵҵ֣ġ
лл

ˡ
á

ѦͷҲص¥ˣյ¥£䡣
俴ɫãЦŵֳԱˣҼǸδ򣬳òҪ̫ѽ
£ϧҲڣûп

Ѧ岻⻰磬֮󣬲ߣ߰ɡ
ͷ̨ߣһɳԣҲŲߣϺˣϾˣձôϰջǻúúõġ

̫ˣӿûɱƽը˶ӣָƴ㣿
׶ô˿ءתŹ̨˵ҲûǮȥսʱûϷȥظϴ·ز죬Բ

ҿ԰ǡ
һʱԶ˭֪ʲôʱܴꡣ˵ְȫأֲձˣ֪ҪըֱߵۣμӿϷݳأ˿飡

л¥µĶԻһѦ뿪ˣϵҡţת⣬ʼ밢˵ݳ¡
лٵˮȣǮ˳ȥѾˡ̨Ϻս
վ½սķ£ʧأҾʮһʦء

ԶðŨڵ̣ǸղҾջսĺۼ
лվ̨ϣֱḷ́ս˱ӡ

߻ڣĿתض
˫⣬޵ҡվɻ֮Ӧ£һǧվΧʨ̨ھʮʦһһǧվⲫȫ׳ѳ

һСײӣһء
ؿһʱֻţôҲ䲻

ôˣ
лٶڵֽƬ׹С֣ɡ

վ󣬿лįıӰֹŮһᵽ˭˭˭ˣһ˵Ǹʧء
ܹս̫ã˺ܶˡ

лվۣһۣĬع
䳤̾Ҳ֪Ϻôˡ˵ͺˣô˻ЩʱˣФƱϾں󷽣İ˲һ

лѹ˵μ˿ݡ
ֱͷš

ôп⣿
ҪЩۣ㹺һЩģܱܲЩöֳɵЩͿˡ

ȥɣǮ
ǲУҲ֜ġ

л¥ȥɡ
Ǯˣ

ǾҾˡ


˫ذ֣ŴСʱ
Ӫֻʣˣ¶ӡ

㲻ǸıΥġ桱·Ӯ˼̣ϼˣǵûйųرóűһϿ϶ǱȲЩͳУĳ٣ľǶԹӵ˽뼸Сȫ·辶ùͷת

óսУټվкղӦȫơɽֵͬڵһǹһ׼
ҽˣΪһƴһ

ǹֱͻڲԶڵɡһľѹסȣòײŸƿ
ϵĵӵǡôͷıʯѡԺлٵû˿ڵѸֽ˻ȥ˸

Ԯˣǰƽ
ڵ£ը˻ǹ֡

-ġûӵˣȥסǹǹվŹֱɨڡ


ϣӱˣӺվûˣһֵܸԱߵСʿ
ĲӱӵˣСȱľͷ˸ѪѾˡûеֻмⲫĵˡ
ҽΪæ˿ڱȥչصʿ

ۣŸӻͳƬҪһڣ࣬ȾֻƬؿϣʳűֵգ˾䣬
ֻˡ


лѾѵֵǮĶˣֻһս
Ҳ˶ԽĸģȻ󣬵Ķˡ

˳ɶѲϾ˿ߣͿյӡԴϺҲ⣬ܣɱյżһ⣬Ҳǽ
лſڵ̨ϣЩǰȥʵİգ̾˿磬ҿ㹤Ǯˡ

Աߣϰ壬ҲҪǮпڳԵľˡ
лٱסļ磬лл

øҿѵʱҲϰҡ
ϰˡлͷнɡ
ã㡣

кöأûһ׵ġ
ҪǲĻ͵ðɣҵļҲҲס

ðлЦԺһҸżҡ

㣬㲻ȥϺδФʦҲϺ
սѽġ

㲻𣿡
Ȼ¡лؿԶˣܡȥˣġĿǰõġ


ʵҹ˾Ͷϵ磬ֹջըյ뺺ֵ硢ѵΪջָʾըĿꡣʮѮϾѾը˼ʮΣԫбڡ
Ϯûʼǰֻˣ·ը-ѾǼҳ㷹ϰΪնһףͷںǹɨľ

лٵеңÿ꾯죬ļϰܡ
лٺͰһֱڷ춫ʲôأ
˵ӡ

ǲˣӣ
쵽ˣ±һ㣬ʮҲܺü䣬ȥǰ߸սʿǡлЦſϺأû׼ţܴ

һᣬֳɲϷͳˣ
š

вҲ
ҲչҲһǰ죬ҲţҲΪսһˡ

ȻҶҲǰأҲ֪ôˣûк·˵Ķ˲ϳԷкЩŶӾս
ҶĬˡ

¥ȥõ޲ǣܼ򵥵ġ


Ԯӽɽ½Ҿˣ˲ϣһһһӪȻ󲻶ץ׳油ܶǹã̽׼ǹսˡ

ϸ£˸ʮ±ʢһֽġ
СӸʱüĿģڵѾ治峤ʲôˣ˵ôôʱһս
ܶɱٹӣʲôԸסϵˣƵصȪ·ˣȱһ

ʢ̾һûȢϱء
ϱȢء

Ҳ֪ܻܲŵȵʤ졣ʢбһϢͿ㶢Ƭɩӳɶóҿ¡
øƵġͳʶʶߣŪˡ
֪㡣ʢϸƬʱ󣿡
ʮ߰ɣ쵽ʮˡ

û㻹ͦ
ǰɡĨ˰°ͣеëر𰮸ɾÿ춼ȥӾϴ衣ͷѣ׳ɫմѪĻҺɫԼУûϴˣ̿Ƶģ̵ģˣһҹ

ʢڶƬɩÿ
ûˣ˻

ʢ
߿ŲԶ㣬

ʢŻ䣬ȡȡůԽԽˡ
Ťȥôš

磬ɩ˯û
ϻ

ɶо
˵

˵˵¡
ֻ


һԿǣû˯
˼ʢϥǣС

Ҳû
ʢĬҼһ˯ء

û˼Ҹϱҹҹס
Ұʢһţ˵˵ˬˬ
һưߣԶ㡣

ʢЦˣǹãֻô˳
ӽָͷܿǹ

ţ
ƨۣϽ˯ᣬȻû˯ˡ
˯

һˡ
˵ʱսʱ״̬ŸֿͷϣˣҸҡ





62.  62   ô

ʮܵ, ʮһ°˺ţӵȫ߳˵վһ·׷ը£Ͼ
ʮ, Ϻݡ

ⳡսʱ, ϺԡѪսʮսʿ׳ѳ, ڳʮ򣬴վ- | -- | Ŀ

شʿ
Ͼ;д겻ֹٴ, Ҳˢȥʿеķ

ҧгݡ˾Ĭ˼˱ޡ
ж᲻ᵯǴ˿̣˴ءеսʿϺķᣬΪѳĶʮսѡΪǹڵİաΪҡڲϣڹʵĵȨߡΪµɽӡ

˿̵ϾСѧУصλѿչǨƹ, ⽻ʹ½뿪, ҲǨ졣

վһ·ɱŰٳ¡
ɻ϶Գкը, ʧֵʬҰ, ҽԺΪ

ǹֹվͻϾΧߡ
Ŀֻţ˵Ͼסˡ

շ׷ȫ㡣һ, ͺͰ缷ڰȫ, ˺ܳĶӣܿˣٻһȫȥ

ǰ漷һˣʱǼ绰, ˼ʣǽˣ
ǰ˱źӣһҲǽģ

һֱϾ翴һŴСǸϾ
ǰ

ôܣϾˣӶˡ
ڴ򰡣ݡ졢򽭡ݡݣ㽭һƬΧȫռˣҼ˷˵ӪϾ׶׼û£ǨˣϾҲȥ̾ǻǵģ˵ǱˣٱϰնС

ԱߵԣϰҲɱ
ֹɱͷС޶Źǿ-ŮˣСľֻʮޡ


߬Ű磬ô˰ҿǻȥͷɡ
˵ȥҲûãȥƱҲ򲻵ģվͷ˶춼͸Ǹռ

һ˵Űɣȥأ˵ⰲȫ˵̣СӲҽ

ȻϮ죬û壬ŵҴܣͷǽ
δµĲըֽ

ʲô
ء

ֽڵϣǷ׷׼ӡġ
粻ʶ֣ĸ첲дʲô

һȺΧ䣬صص
ʾҵϯϣϾڰΧ֮СսִƿսаٺһϾйĹŶ׶Тꡢɽȹżʤ⬼ʵ˶Ļ֮ءʲôϻɨһ飬˾ɾʯ˵ΪѰպͽеľˣǵİȫȰӷƽϾǡ

̫ˣ
Ա˵ʲôã϶ƭ˵ģһ·ɱϾԣٱϥͶˣ˵ڣ
ԣͶ

С̫˵Ĵϱȥ
ӱסȥ
ȥ

ȥʲôӣǹã
ø¶ҪסﹷյģһߺޣŮһڣļȥɣ䣬ƿܿˡ
磡


ʮʦڻվս£أϾǧˣδһӦУغɽĻɽڽ¹ضɿڡǰգһűռţڻʮ౳Χӡǰ߱ը䵽ԴӸֽһغȼʱһ

ͷϲźıԺѾѪʪˣұеգҲδȬ
ʢ֪ļ˰̣

û˼̣ƿ֡
ʢϹһֻۣԸզˣ̶鲻ȥˣ
Ͼ˽⣬ư׹ءŵڵϱȻǳӴΧġ

ô죿
ô죿šսóǳأּܼ֡㿴Զڵ±һϱڽôǹ

ϺµսǰĴαѲǸӢˡЩ±ӣݵĸƵģǹٲ

Զ¡¡һһΪձˣͷڵϿӶʪˡ
֪ץ׳ƴգװªؾ±
Ķ飬ô

ȳ߹ȥһޣˣ
޿ˣʮ

أˡ
޿޵øˣﱻըˣͷҲˡ

ˣûãﱨ𡣡֣ˤڵϣٿް--
ԱߵϱЦһŻޡ

һţǹ
ޱǹ

ָ̧Ⱥǹȵ㣬ôһǹһͷܣ˲վǵô졣
ްָʾһǹļ磬úǰͷҪǶסء


ƽϾߴֻ룬ˮһսʿǡ
վҾչȫ

ڳɻը껨̨죬̹ʿǼأչսؾȫû껨̨ʧء
ţлʧأϽɽʧء

¹ͷ˹ľ񣬳ĲоҲ˹ȴûһֻ
ǰϾȫˣ⣬ڣң¹ͷ༷

賷ˣ˵˹Ϻһһ᳷ǵˣն⣬תͷߣҪǳӲߡ

һǾ
ȥľһ߷ɳԱ˵ǹ--һȥˣҪǣʬȥ


ºФ絽Ͼ
µĸ׽ǰջϾȡλŲأ뱻ҵըˡФƲòðΣոϺ¡

Ӷǰ£ŵĸۡûչˣһ޻ҡ½λãͬĹǻطŽҪæ뿪Ͼ˭֪̫࣬Ӳǵĳˡ

ФϹϵòԸ߼ŴƱǻסһҹ
ϵѾȫˣ񣬵·ʬ

ûطԷФƴŽȥл٣ȴ۵걻ը¥ûˡȥסһãȴռšҲѾ뿪Ͼˡ

ФƸ˶ӣֻ˽լ
ڶһǱȥ¹ͷΪƱġûƱģġģùȥ

ФƽŽ£±˳ɢŽ½ŹǻҺУɡ
ҡͷãҲۡ

Աߵһڷֱ𣬿޵ñһšҵ˿޵۶ˣƺΪûдƱò£һֱݵؿǡ
Ůڰȫˣǻ
߰߰ɣ˵ҳ٣ը-ߣʲô£ձ˵ˣɱϰգġ
ŮӸҪźߣϴүȺޣүүһߣ᲻㡣
ϴүᣬүү⿴أȥһȦүүóԵĵ㡣
ҲҪóԵģҪүү

¿ܣФƵֱ֣ӰԼƱˣ˼ңϴɡ
ФƸշӦƱѾ˵ˣһʹ޾Ϲл·ǣתߡ

Фס£ʲô
Ҳˣ߰ɡ

ФƿĬã뿪㣬Ʊ
ơҲˣϾϼңⳤġ

ΣգЩ㻹֪𣿡
ҿȥȫ

УߣȻȥƱ˵Ӧûü
ơüԲ㣬Ҳ

Фͷ˵ʲôԲҾġ
ǣǻؼҰɡ


ƱؽۿžӳˣǿˣФƴŽȥȫˣСˣңߣӲǲ¡
Фû취ֻû˽լӡ

磬һȺţ˵ǰȫѾˣ޴ȥƣʮȫ¡ϧûʲôֻ֮ǰӶ˳ʣµһʳ˶٣ֻϡࡣֲ˸ϸæһһɢȥҶж¡

Фƻ뿪Ͼûȣֳȥ취ֱϣҲû²ģȥңϺܶ౻ӵǹ֧;ü£һЩ

һﶼ˯ˣФƴŲʳ¸һ࣬ФƽӹЩϲģ
ǣһġˣҪҪһ£
áФƶˣڱ˸ɾ

Ǹ⣬ǵʳһ춼ά֡ûФСĵ㣬Ҫȥֳȥʳ
֣߳ջڵӣըǷĳгߵʯѪС

·ʯѹŵˣФǰæһöڵڲԶûܾ£Ҳը˹ȥ

ѾϣҽԺĲϡ
ΧһƬһߵľ룬ŵõԱߴ˵Ѫζ

ʿڸԱ߲˻ҩۣˣҪҶ

Ǽˣ
ŵ㡣

ФͷʹΡ
£Ҷ

ФƲ׼ȥûȥҽ£һûȥǼˡ
ҪƿӣԶǹʲô
ʿִٵؿһۣãϾˡ


ڶϿջ
Ϊվ-ռй׶Ͼձף-Уݡ質赸
ֵ죬Ƿҹ졣

˿̵ϾһƬѪȵС
İصڳеÿ䡣

񡢾ǣ
һ˼







63.  63   

ձ, ˣ˵ȫץȥ˵ڽϵɱˣС˶Ź, Ůľ͡ʿҧҧ, û˵ȥ, ӺΣա
ФӾҪߣСȾʹȥʿȥȸշ롣
Ҫȥ

涼ձ, ȥ
Фƿ鷳һ¡

㲻ߡʿקѿ

Фơ
Ф˳ȥֻһŻʿĸŮ, ü, ϵó֮ô⣿

ʿлʶ, ҩɡ
áл߽ЩФ˵, ϶ദˣҶ

һΪ뿪ˡФ沿ƣղǸʿ˵ձɱˣǿ̽-Ĵ˵ȥ
, Ǿ, аաǹ¥ҽԺڹʰȫڣȫܶࡣ

»ڼңҵûȥ
ȥ𣿡лٿ˿, ȥһ
Уǰûԣ㲻ܡ
·죬ƲҡлΪ⿪ڰףᣬû

Ϸ˼룬ҩ۵úܣФüͷץ˱ӡ
л˵ע⣬ôϾˣ˼ͷȥǻܡ֜

¸׻±ըˣ£Ȼͳȥˡ
лٸãˣһ߰׹ǣǲ


Լʱ
¼ѰФôûûʳɳԣһ˾ţ˶û£мСӡ
ҳȥ˵ձͷɱˣ¹׳꣬ʮСкʮͷӣֻҪеģ͵й¶ɱĻ̡̻

¸ϽȥȡůľһһѵԺ˸ɾܵĻ棬﹣һ뵽ФƼпܻزˡ
ȭͻȻͷʹޣ룺ΪԼФҲᱻϾ

ʹţǰԺĴӴܵ˲ñˣ߹ȥȴһŮȿֺ˹סһŮˣôˣ
ձ-ǽˣ

²ᣬֱͦȻǰԺȥ
Ůסܰˣȥ
Ƕáһۣ£С߸Եձһֳ
游סʶһЩձˣҲὲձһ䣬ֱ˵Ҫǳ١

Сӳһߣµ󣬡ͣ£ΪΥʹԼ
СӳͷĨ°ʹͷŴһ˿˵Щʲô

Ǽ١ǿ-Ůˡɱ޹һȥձ¹ݡ
СӳʶʲôҲںʲô¹ݣҶЩ£ǱĬġ

߹ȥҪա
һ˦ϣСӳعЦŵϲ


ЩʮҲŹ
΢ƯĹڱ-кձڣҲԸ˷ӵô̵ǡ

Ⱳû໰µҲԲһ˵
СӳŵһǴ- | Ů˷ܣëպɻΪԱа

뿪½ֽ˼ձѾвˣ죬ţնؿŴҡҡȥֻʣ´֨֨
ͣһʱһձ˵иرƯŮˣҪû£ǳȥ

ǣձſ죬ַȥСʱǲ뿪һЦ̸ţ
Ư
׵ѩһ
ȥ


лٻԼ·Сĳţû뵽ФҲһȳһյظ
лʲô
Ф˵Ҳġ

ҪӣԼܲҡ
ȥܣԼȥ

ڵϹ𣬵棬㻹ҵõ𣿡
ФƳĬˣҲɹִУҲһȥ̫Σˡ
㻹֪Σաл֪Ȱҡ

һ·ûձ˳ｪҡФţл͸ŷ쿴ͷûϣֱӽƿһɲǣסˡ
Ժӵʬ塭

Фĵ˽ȥˤһӣŹ壬лһͬʬ壬ûп¡

Фƻ겻ҴܣǱ߶ûСļ׵شԼԴңҲң

лקס֣֪ϣãǰοҿԺſţвٽӡܵˡ
Фҧ޵˵

Ժжлʾ˵˶㵽ձµؽطŶﻹ߶ţˣһ㶼û
񻹲

ФƱлٶͷ


ФóСлٰס֣㶼ˡѵ

ձҶòߵľҵҴܿͷɢ
лٸ䵥һСڿһֻ߶ţӦʱ䶼ûУлٴӺס죬һĨ˲ӡ

иƿӣֵǮӡ
ձƿӳȥչ䣬лǰһ£޷á
˵һ룬лһĺƿأžһ

ԶձҰ


ûлӦ
ձʶԣǹСǰ̽Ȼ󿩵һתһǹФƹһߣ˹ס˹һ
ĵֵһФƱձ£ŲӣձȥФƺȻקסԱߵĵ͵˦ͷϡ

лٸϹֻФձϣҵѪģ

ǰסˣѾˡ
ФƻңѪ

лٽקȥߡ


лٰҽԺ첻Ф͵͵ˣ˲ϵΣգڰȫ˰죬ʼձһϣ

Фƴźɫش£һҰۣԶԶͿǸФʦ𣿡
˳ָ÷򿴹ȥͷһȻФơ

߹ȥФʦ
ФƻͷüͷʼţǰǸɾͷҲ۾϶մ飬˿ȥɣ࣬ǣϽͷ
Լĳӣû˵

ʣФʦôϾ
ȡФƸղûҵ£Ҫȥİȫ

ҵģȡʲô
һ˵塣

磺ˣ
Фѹ˲ϵۣš

ʼû˵ФſߣФ
Фƻͷôˣ

ҡҡͷû£עⰲȫ
ФƵͷҲǡ

뿪䣬㲻˵𣿡
ԶԶ̾ˣоҲ̫ǣҺм¡

ФʧѪ̫࣬ټһֱδϢûߵſڣͷ˹ȥ
ϽӭȥФ


ձħһ˾ɱŮ˾ͼ顣߶˺ʬɽ
ֻʣһʮһСкˣĸױ·г- | ̵ǽϡĸױٶʮ鱻˳иСܵܣһͷ˻롣

ձһкǿ-ˣձг-
к-Ѫֹ·˺ã϶ϲϡ׵·ϣкһ˿ʶ㡣

£йˡ


ҽԺﵽ˱뱻-ը˵ƽ
лûȥФơҽԺרҵҽʿ٣ǰܹˡЩҽԱ඼ǰȫڲæģ䶥ϴãȹֵġ
Ϻ֜ǰлٵ۵ͱըûˣҲ뿪Ͼ¥ҽԺһֱѦǸҽ£ѧ˵򵥵ľȻ

ϵ磬лһֱûϹۣžԮСӳȥ̧˻ͣء
ΪһֱţձûΪǡ

ҪȥŮѧԺһˣ˵
ϵĲ֫ʣˣŮʬ-- | ڵ·мı롢ƥȣܶѾûˡе·ʬ̫ߣȥ³ʬŲ·ߣغɫ·š

³һʿſǽ˳
лٸ˸ıˡ

ŮԺۼ˺ܶ฾ŮĳΪˣŵøһšҽԺ˲ŷǵҲ˵ģҽͻʿ

ȻͣѧУ档
лͷۻҪ赹ˣӲžƣߵ˻ȥ

Ȼһ


ԶϴǹꤺǼٵĽŲжߺХķ硣
еȻֹֻǶ̴ٵ˲佫ѡ

첽˳ȥɨΧֻһкȻ
лΪ

˭ģסĻԱ
һġ

ıȥˣ
ҽžȻԱָߣȥæ

лתͷֵ˴ӷһԾӰҴУͷ׷˹ȥ
շǽһֻưס֣ѹ˲бϡ





64.  64   Բ

л㶵ؿ
ͷֳ, ֳ¶ڸֿ棬ǴˮѪˮݹƵ, °ͲĺӲ, ԼõӺҹεġһһ죬, ûиɾĵط

л֪Ծ˵̫ˣǴϺļʦҽԺü⸱ģĸ£ǻ඼ϵ˰ɡ

ԭŵʱε, һѳĿ֣ѹһ䣬ģ㲻ôϾ
ֻˡ

ǲģȭͷҪ, ־ڰ, Ȼסͷڻ͸Źɿı, Ҫ𣿡

࣬Ծлٱڻ, ͸òһڣϵζ, ܹǲŵ, ȴ˳С
лͷǼⶥĺᣬ̰ÿһ˿Ϣ΢ǲǳôûߣǵҾˡ

ûлش, ƫͷ濴ۣʿˣ
ҽԺæ¥ҽԺǸѦѣͦչҵģ㲻Ҫҡ

չܣ
ֲû취

֮
ڽ

лս󣬲ߣԸ߰ɡ
ɵϹ˵ʲôڿϲ˲ֿ˰죬˿Ķͷȥҿߡ

أ
ҡ


˵˱ҡ

лټڲ
ǻں֮ģ

һѣ߰
лٽ߬ӣٵ𴩾װ·
·Ҳϰա

Ҳ𴩾װ¿ȥһ·㲻ôǿյģഩ㡣
ϻϽߣŭǣ˳ȥ㡣

Сġ
š

㿴ǽߵЩȺУ˳
仰лһֱͷʲôҲûش

㻤һС·
һֱţһˣϣ;Ӷ࣬ʺ͵Ϯ
ʱգ

Ѹ˶ûըȫĸ¥ſڶ¥ϣžȻʻذȫŷ뿪


л
ȸˣѹ

㻹ţݵϾ
гԵ𣿾һˣûУûҩ
̫̫ⶼûüʡ

ӻصҽԺԶͷĳ
ձץˡ

ЩƤлٹ˲㣬ҽ뻤ʿ³˻ͽȥ
ͷվӳҪ鿴Ƴϵˣ˵ȥˡ

һȺձż˴ҽԺ֮䣺Ǳ±
л֪ϰ·ľˣ޿κΣǶ޿κΡ

ɱǡ
ɱˣɱ⣬˺顭

ҡ
˵ˣ̧ͷΣգһ䶼ǵȲͬҽԺ

ÿ춼̡̣̣̣̣
ˡ
ˡ
ˡ

ձֲߵģϵͷ͵ǹ
Ǽһصԭ򣬲ּ룬룬Ƥڲڡ
Ȼܶϸ۵ˣȴվɱ˴ߡ

ץб
ƨȥģյ֡
Ҹɱˡ

ɱ˶ˣˣ¹ʬɽˣ
ˡ

ɱ¾ڼء
ÿ춼ڱ͸ǻֻ벻ģû¶
ǿ-Ů͹ǹ͹ȵĻģȲġ

ȫʮˣɱҪɱ
ô졣
ô죿
ô죿

ձ˸˵ˣӻʿһС⡣
ǮҪãֱҪãԵҲãһǶŹ

ÿαϴȥһ˰㣬-ϵĥӾϵѹȡɱ¾-ڵǳ

սʿϥˡ
ľˡ

ҡҡλεļܳŶá
Ŷã


Ͼһܲ͸ȥ
ǿֻˣһ֪

ФһֱսΪʳＯ˲ٹסӷҪŽСȥϾѾûϢˣļ٣סһȺʿǰձפ¹ʡ
ĴϾġ
ΪʲôϢ
Ͼ׷ʲô

շӦ˿Цá
ںըʱʮעرϾҪ񡣡
вӣ־ڷʮְڵƽ񣬲ΪʳṩҽƷ񡣡
йӷŵġ


ФƷˡҩַչ
ҹȻѣεһЩõ£һЩݡ¡

оôˣԱߣһֱûۡ
Фƽüģ۾

۾˫ֵݸ
Фƴϣл

һСűӣٵǺĵݣů˺ͣض¡
䱧ϥűߵıӹ㣬㻹ڷգϵ˸Ⱦˡ

Фͷ۵ҲϵƵģʹҪȥҽ£ûֵȥ˯˶ã
졣

Դޱʹࡣ
Сʣʲôˣ

ҵδ޲ˡ
Ȼ

Ѿһһҹˣ
żûУ滹кüȫ䲻ʶ˵һͨʲôʲô·ңҲܰ⡣

ɫĴ£洩ɫۣЬǡЬ벻ˣߣƤܰף۾ġ
ͷ֪ˡ
лл㡣
ġ

͵ƳһۣǶˣ
ֻ˽¶ûüĸ

ҾϾˣСⳤߺܶҶʶҰʣҲɼ
ʲôĽǸŮ˲á
ôҲĲ塢֮ͬʣԼ᲻̨ĶŮ鳤ͲһˡڣֻȥһȥҪٶһˡ

Ǿ鷳ˡ
ҡͷС顣


ձй˵ʹ൱ǲ
ռ˳ûץŮˣץŮˡ

ִץ˵ĿںſǹȫʱץԶȥ裬һͻʱ͵ؽ˫۾Ϳʼ񡣺ܻ䣬֪߳ܣԺعƨɣ˦ԱŵòΡΡк
߸ˣֻ

Ӹߣһ
ȫＦȮһΣꡣ

һ𣬵ձûץ硣Ϳ̻ңФƵĻͷˣ˵ԼǳϷģͷû˿ɲС

ձקסͷӲڵߡȣûһ˸ҶҽԵͷҿ˵¿ѽٵԼͷϡ

յģſҡձ֣Сӣģ㲻ú

Фƻգѵȹƿձ令֣ɫ԰ףǡ
˵֣ձһε˹

վФƵͷӲϵ䵽ϡ
Ѫӿ

ձЦһŽФƵͷ߿ѪڿһɫĻߡ
俴ͷƤһԶĵϣ˺ü£ͣڹߵʯԣ˫űʱ۵ķߺޡ

Լ۾
ʵΪʲô

ȥ
֫ڲ

ץͷ˻𣬡

Щ˳ɹȥıһֻצסһ
ʹ
ʹ

ȫ˸Ϲסձ˵ʲôѾˡ
Ѫ۾գɫգɫƣɫ磬ʧȥ֪

ǵġ
ûΡ

ģѪȵģʵģ
˼䰡


Ͼݵ졣
һֱ˯֪ФƵͷڰȫͷ˿ϡձ˵йԺ˭ٷͻһ
Фƽʮ꣬ʮѧڷ˾꣬ڶݺΪΣѣжԵսɳμжϣΪӣΥĸֲᵶǹȴһֱ󷽿գԱΪ꣬ˡлɱյ֮·дӰ졣

Ф㲻ϸƤ⣬Ҳɸɾţһ˵ģ

վ˳
㱻ɱһӰ١

ЦձǰĴºë£ΪȥӲֵǮӣгֱֻʣһ̿㣬˲ڵϡ
ձ뿪ȫ˲Ÿҽᡣ

û취ͷţܾ衣Ҫܳȥͷδüأձˡ
ȫܣƾŶϾСϤձȦӡ

һҴţ˦˺ĹµĹӣ⺮ʪ͸ѡ

ܽһȻһסشЪ˹غš
УСһ˦ûƺڴĵһѪ

俴ǰľװ侲
㰴סǽձ̫࣬óȻֻ֣ܵǹȥ
ܵȶˣ㿸ܣ㵽ԼĲ֮

㶵վڷ롣
ӻ֣ˣ

ŻعƲסФƵͷ˵ǽ߹¡
վ⿴۲һСת˸ứ
㲻Լһ˿޻ᣬǹſϢ

ڣҪȥ仹ڽ䣬һ
ܣҳȥһˡ

ߺ󲻾ãʢ
һ׸Ÿͷ˻ᣬ߹ȥʣû°ɣ
ɥ

ⶰ¥ըڶģû¹򲻿ܷôģ
ֵܴģﲻڣҲûޣҪҪȥȫ
ľ

ʢˣǽߣˮϢ
˯һСʱѹ仹ڵ۷ǹȥܰʵš


¾սе㹦Ҳһа٣ǹڵֻɱЩ䵥ձǳҹ͵ϮɱһһɱһȺһȺһ˿
Ż仹ǽţԲҲ˯

ߵǰ£ǿˣ
ʹۣëһ¡

Ҿȥġ֪ʱȥһжѣ
ûһ˿Ӧ

Ųܱ𣬲ܿǹй㽫ݵߣǰͲȫʡӵʡӵ

ӵ֣ʱȻؽš
ſбŵͷ­ֻۣǿĹȷФƣ˭ôᱧͷ

俴ָӲٳʲȥˮ乾๾ȥ
㡣

˻ƣʶ
Ů˵ѡ

Ůأ
ڰȫ
ȫҲȫڰȫͷġѣϸںģҲ治ʵòŮ˲ǡл֮ɡ

Ȼ񣬡ʶ
俫ӣǲϼϣػӱߡ

ǸԼСѾͷ

û㣬֮˵ȥξˡǴϺսģ֪𣿡
֪

Ϊʲôˣ
㴹һ԰յʣȫû

ձϺҲڱҲ
ûô񡣡

Ϊʲôôǣ
ûлش

֪𣿡
Ӧò֪

û˹ˣ
ܰɡ

Ǿһֱȥ
Ҳ֪㲻˻ȥͷǽĬãȻ˾䣬
Բûǡ





65.  65   ҵ

޿޺һ, ᣬͣţûԹ˼
š

ղŻи, мˣ


Ϊʲô󲿶Ӷ, ôڳ
ûдټû´, һڿһڳˡ¾󱳵ɴˣɢҳһš

ͳ±, ̧׵۾ƴ΢¹⿴ˡ
һ̣ܵͷԵľ޴Ĵ, оתΪ, ȼһܵĻ

һֱڱ壬ȥ, ĿᶨؿҴǹ, ҸӣҪɱǣΪФƱ𣡡

һ, Сĵҩ, Ҳǿϣúñͷɡ
մֱ仰ˣѹؿŻͷ­, ǽߣߣҰɡ

˿ڣ㽫ҩ۵ݸ㡣
俴ⷭѪ⣬ŵ΢ôأһ°
㡣ֽӸ

ӹѾ͸Ѫûµ𣿡
û٣ʡá

µİɣⲻˣʪ͸ˡ
иܹľͲˣϻˡ
Сĸϡ

Сͷ˴ͷĸңֲ£ŵͳ񣬲ûϣù
һˣ̣˻ͷǽһڡ

ллҡ
ƮƮһֳۣǽߵͷ­ȥʲôˣŲҪܡ
ûʲôϵ䱧ϥţҲ㱻Ӵߣңͱһˡ

֪֨𣿡
֨

֮
Ӧò֪æúܣѾܾûˡ俴ʹʲô
㡣

ҽ䡣ǳϷģ𣿡
ֲʲôҲɡ㿴ϸ밢֨δ΢ЦЦ

𣿡
̧ۣ̣᲻صءš

俴·ϴƬСƬѪմңֺֺ죬Ҹ㳪һΰɡ
ѹ𣿡

˵ӹӵԶƤѥŵŵŵ
úǹŲߣƫ΢̽һۡ

ӣ
ʾĪŵǹ˳ȥ

ãЩձ·ˡ

侪ȵؿɱˣ
š




ʬأ
ϵԶˡ

û˰ɣ
ͷ鿴ԼûС

ӹӾװͳһӸ伸飬סǣݺݵسǽ˹ȥСӵĶġ
ⲻǽϾʱ򣬵ȱʳ

ҲԵġ
һ˻ˣøʡ

䱧ϥµǹ֧ҩ̽Ұɣˡ
ָʲô˻ûأŮ˿վ

Ů԰
㵧ȥֽϵĻҳڴĵص㵱ôɱġ

ɱ
ɣεЦˣÿζԴϵģˣŪǹʮ꣬У浱ɱôףվŲ򣿼ʮսʿôģΪȫڿЩǹϰ·Ӫһ

䴹ۣ֪ףﲥսǶӢۡ
㾲ĬƬ̣Ĩ˰ڳɹˡ

ʢˣ˿ɿںڵЦһŵĺڻӸ㣬
Ӹ䣬԰ɡ

ӹֳֽ룬һһ顣
ɢüңҲ⣬԰ɡ

Ӳ
üֶţΪѣӾͲҴ㡣

ĬĬȥţҴҸ֮㡣
㿴ʢЦЦʲô

磬⻰ôоϱء
ֿ⣬ϱôˣϱˡ

ʢЦеɿ˼£Ųҧһ
㿴࣬ᣬȥϢˡ

Ϊ˯ŵʱ򣬺Ȼ˵һ䣬ҹذȫ
ܾҲȥ

ڽιӣ
ʢƳǣ磬ô׸

Ʋ죬ҲȥҾ⡣
ûź㡣

įشۣÿ춼ȥȫŮߡФƵͷߣͻȥɡ֮㣬ȥҰ磬֪
ȥ

Ͱ͵ؿˣѣһҲ촦
ҳЩ㲻ףҪԼȥ񣬲Ȼõ


ʢⲻίض˵ˣȫ㣬ԺҲȱ˵׼ͱӷˣʱ򲻹ǻطǴԴأһŮĺܲҵģСɥĲ㶼֜ʶ

ĬƬ̣ԱߣδҴǹɣһӡ
Сʢ泯ǽ˯˯


ҹ͵ȫץ˸Ůߡ
ˣû˸ֹµֲڣձͰˡ

ǰϵһյϣһںŵĹһЦһߴߴ١
Ƭغڣרעʩûע⵽ʲôʱ͵Ϯġ

ʢûǹҹǹ̫ΣգڰȫڣĹӾͲˡ
ŵ⼸ӦǹͱһĨ˲ӡ

ʰϵ·ӵŮϣȥ
ŮŲ̴ֻ·ߡ

ס˵ǣ𣿡
Ů˼˵ͷܻȥ

ʢѼʬǹ⣬ϵԶĹˡǲܰձ⣬ôԶյ

շǽ߼ж
лðͷ㡣

ǽ˳վͷסšü׵ʲôȥ

лվˣ޹ؿ
񣬺Ķˡ

ʢȥŷ磬磬ġ
§סлٵȻΣգҪܣ𣿡
лٵͷӵ

ҧ۵òУֲģʹһʲôëûˡ

˿Ķͷࡣ
лٲ˲ţࡣ

𣿡
лҡͷ㡣

лţȥ촽㿪ļ˰ȥˣȥɡ

һֱΧ𣿡
ǡ

ôһþڡ
պˡ

ģ
ġ

лٺܺڵϹʲôҲִ̧Ķͷ۾ӣˡ
ҲǣҽԺʳ𣿡
ġ

Ե㣬ἺΪ˵ġ
ȥ͵Եĸ㡣

ãеĳԡ
ƭңӶûʳģ

ǵѽ绹ɳ촽Ķ⣬䣬ȥɡ
лٵȻϣκƣǲţ߰ɡ

ΣգǸһõġ
Ҳ¡
¡°˲ͷҪǳһġűĲӣ

ҪСģˣҪӲƴ
ֱ֪һǸСǣ
ţ

ᳪϷδǸʲô
䣿
ԡ

ôǣ
δشʢ˵йӹ

Ҫҩܸ㵽һ𣿡
ԣȥø㡣

Ķ׼ȥ㣬ĸ򡣡
¥߷䡣

Ȼȱȥɡ
лǽϣſ

֣ȥ
лȥ

תߵʢߣ
û壬ĸ
ߣǡ

ʬ壬ռװЩԵĲŻȥ
·ϣʢ˵ɩӱƬÿ

㹴ǣûƽʱǽɡ
ʢЦѹǣơ

˷ϲء
˯š

ʣһǽ
ҹսպͶϡ

ʢ̾˿ʱŮ˳Ư
ŮûƯû㳯⣬¹⣬ǹӡ


л׼һЩҩƷһҹû˯ŵصź㡣
ҹϢطлٰҩҽԺҩƷҲȱòֻ̫࣬һ㣬Ļ´Ρ
Ѹٵ촽ˡ

лĿת
˶Ĭˡ

Цһ£ʲôҪ˵𣿡
лҧ죬ĵ㻹𣿡

ð
ˣ

ûˡ
Ҫҩʲô
ֵˡ

л֪ƭԼߣͲܴһɱҲеģǹ̵ģ֪Ҵĺ׼ġ
ҺΣգ˵ˡӿڴͳǣĿڴ񵽼ǣҪָˣԼųԡ

лڴóһŰŽ
Цó𣿡

лٵͷȻ§סĲӣס죬ڴݼӣζġ
Ѿõ | ⳤõļžлڣֿȥһʱ߲ˣشϢţıǼ⣬ˡ

лٱסĸ첲ٶᣬкܾá
㱳ûлͷ¿̲סܲˣ᲻á

ԱůϢӾҳͷˡ
Ҳǣҡ
δ˵꣬ƿ֣ѸݵȥлվڿٵǽܣͷҲصط˹ȥ

ҵ㡣


ҪʽСѲƵʢҹﲻܣ˵Ÿˡֻʱȴ⡣
ڶһ磬ͷͿʼæ·վ˵ʽ磬߼춼Ҫ֡

ʢҧгݣڿҪǡ
ǸƸߵ㶼ձΪֹʽʱκ⡣ͷ¶Ϊ֪ܾռžѻ֡

һʮ֣ʽʼ·վձɾʯڲǰƺƵɽǣ¥

ʣڸ
ʢأͷˣʽء

˲ã
ʢŶ俿ǽߣ⳪ʲô

㳶ɴס䣬ͷȥǵĹ衣
ʢһȭڵϣյģɥأ


ٵĵûʹվıơ
ʢûȥжǰɱ˵ʱһ˿Щס˯ţ⿪ĬĬҩ
ҪҰ𣿡

ʢŵһ£ǹû˽š
æӣá

俴ӣŲĿ⣬ˣ
ʮ¸¾ʮˡ
һҲʮꡣ俿ǽ˵϶ûȢϱ
š

̾˿Ҳûء
ʢ˵ˡ

ϼõ𣿡
ʢҡͷ

ؿպϹˡ
ʢһ

䳤̾ȥǲ֪ܻܲȥ
ʢͷ͵͵Цһ£һᱣġ






66.  66   ˮ

˰
Ĵġ

һûȥĴ, 𣿡
ʢͷܶɽ߶ƽԭ

ǵһϾ𣿡
ԡ

, ؿ, ûϾõӣ½ֿѽ, ̫ƽ·ѽϵƻͨɫģĲ, ޹԰ɽ꣬ػӣ껨̨Ĭһ, ˵껨̨·սʿѪȾˡ
ʢͳءšһ, ǰʮʦ

䶢ŵϷ˻ôСŬ, ĸʦ
ʮʦʢʱʱ͵Ƴһۣǵеʦء

еʦʲô˼
װ䱸ʽġʢȱߵĸֿ, M35

Ǻ˼
ʢҭɻˡ

û䣬˻ھû䡣
ʢѹ, ˵ˡ

ǳĶǶģ
, ʦˣΪϺأϾʱϼûǰߣڽź¹һ, ûߵĴǰʮ˺Ͱʮʦ̵ܶӵģһЩ

ôؾΪʲô
ûָӣˣټϺܶ󲹵±Ҳ̫С˵ƴ²ƭֵͶȫɱˡ˵ĶԣСӾԶţʢȭһȺĶ

Ϊʲôû鳷ߣ
粻ߣʢ黺⼸ɱ˲ٹӡ

䷭˸泯ţĬãп˵ϾָܻǰǸ𣿡
֪

ۣҪԺСӹϾȥԺöóԵģȥ淼󡢵̨԰ԱʳʲôϲԪ𻨾źࡢĸ⡢СƤӡҺ˽ȣ˿ձֱ죬Цӭˮֱֱ̨һӴ黨·ĸˮ๾ðݣһڹһƿ

ŵȴζ
ʢ˵ţӾһ

俴Ц
ʢŶӵͷߵЦ漴վҳȥҵԵġ
Ȼš
Сˡǹͷ˳ȥ
Сİ


ҹʢȻ䣬Ժѹôˣ
ʢЦشӱһƿˮ㿴

ʱˣùϲҵģ
֪Ǹʲôطһѿƿӣҷһƿûģǲ˵Ĺ๾ðݵǸ

˿ƿǣڣĵšһţζ̫ûˣ
ʢĵģĸƵġ

ˮݸʢҲȡ
ʢƿ֣ϲ㶼˰ɡ

俪ĵһСڣȹˮ𣿡
ʢҡҡͷµģûȹֶ
ָ쳢

ʢŵأƨŲһҲȣһСƿ
㳢һ

ʢ㿪Ŀ⣬Ȱɡ
ƿӣҲˣ

𰡡ʢϽƿӣС֣Ͻ󣬡Һˮˡ
ҪʢӹһСڣһ¾ͺá

Цŵͷ
ʢСһڣ̵ģһ˵ðݡ
úȡ

촽Цſôú𣿡
ʢƵƵͷֲƿڣ·£εؿԲ𣬸ˣԼһɡ

ӹûвһȵƿף˸ã
ʢؿЦ죬һμôĵЦ뵽֮ǰ˵ĻĿƲס

ƿӣʢƿĿ⣬ֿ½ǣϲٳȥҡ
ãÿγȥһ˶һΣգʱܺȵһƿѾܿˡƿΡ

ʢƳϸĲ޴ţһͷһٿȡ
̫úˡƿڣƿӷŵϣлл㡣
ʢͷŪžѥл

ĿⲻɨǽǣȻվͷأ
ʢ˳߿ȥһֱǽǵǿͷˣ֪

佹Ĵңͷôˡ
Ǹˡ

룬˻ҲǰͷֲԼˡ
ȿǽţңҺФ

ʢˣֹһԡ
䰦̾ȻʹǽڣҪɱǣ

𴷰СĴˡ
ջ֣סԴ˯


ҽԺֵҹΧѲһŽȥʿշͽ߲ˡ
ס죬ҾҸˣһߣС
ʿͷ

Բ鷳л֮г
ʿǣ

¸л鷳˵˹ϵȹԱ˵仰ߡ
ʿɵʣȴµõʲôϵûٶʣ϶¥ȥ

ͷ
лųģڰ˸ڡ

л첽˹
ǣƫĵط

лĿתıӰʼղÿһ˲䡣
ͣһôסǵӰ

ҹ˴ס¹⣬°ĿԷӡ
㿴Цݣ֪ôڡФƵͷΪѾõˣߣû취ֻôлٴ
һͺˣսͷ­֫촦սѣѾľˡлվŮ˼ң飬ӦҸطġ

ʲôлٿŵĶʲôӣô
㱳ȥҪ˵顣

ʲô£
ǡ㽫§뻳У֨

ôѽ
ǸФˡ

ȻĳĬЩĻš
֨

лٺȻƿİ
㰴ס֣𿴡

л΢ţʲô
ͷ

л΢΢һ£סļ磬˵֪ʲôطȥ
ޣáԼʱǰأã
û£˴̼һʱϻذȫʵڲҰ͹

Фôģ
˵Ϊ˾ӿˡ

ʲôʱ£
Ӧкüˡ

лٽŰŵ˾޴ĸζ
ס֨֨

лٿ
ΪȻ嶯𣿡
ͷ

ˣ½ң𣿡
ͷ

һ˵ʮѪż𣿡
ͷ

˵𣿡


㸧Բ𡣡
лֱ̧ۿסĲӣûµģ㲻ҪģҽԺôã˸ֻ棬ܿƺ
á

лٵգۣͼº֮ᣬĲӣתע⣬ô費Ҫҩ
ûꡣ

Ѳ飬˵ʧٺܶձʬ崦𣿡
İɣûкۼ

ҩ


л侲ɿ¶΢΢ЦСģԼһúûȥ
Ķǣá


΢лپȥҰ硣̫࣬ʮ鷳ʶԱû˷Ѷʱ䣬ܿҵˡ
һžͿޣʲôҲ˵ͣ

лû£˵ФƵ壬øСʬĲܿͼƤˡ
һ˲䣬лҲסˣӵӹȥ޵ᣬԱ߰һץ

һֱԶĬĬл̼ܲʲôƫ
ͣץ·ֻצġ˼鰮ֹа顣㲢ûаֳԴףۡʹޡţȴֻ޿κεԶԶʲôҲˡ
ں޽ӣصشԼһȭ

лٿФƹ-·أ
ţҲ˵壬ձߣˡֱ֡ȫȫˡ

лٽŶͷסȥ·ģӸߡ
뿪

лٽ⿪ͷͷ­Ѿɱõˡ
Сţŵƴá

Фƻۡ
лپ·ڿԼ˫ۣһᣬƤ̧ôҲϲϡ
ͣţõƤ

籧·ֻлٵͷͣزš߹ȥл޵ơ
㡣

ƺײ֪ôοδлӡļϰ侲ǡĮе顣

硣
ӦG

л̧ſҧԼ촽Ѫˣ㣬졣

лҡҡλεվȥᣬ侲·Ҽӡ
ͷá

лٱȥվţһؿԶĴ
˵Фƾһһ̤ʵأޱȸߴ

ʱദ˵ûûСʦѣһλ۰ԼĴ硣
޿ƯФһֱָ

ؼǵóʱӡ

İĳŰɫɫףϸ۾Ϲº͵΢Ц̸ۻ滭
š

㣬ˡ
лתФƣСһᣬߵͷǰ£ͷ֣һΪ㱨ΪǱһţǧǧй˻š˵ģǧл岻


ʢСʱ춼ˡ棬Ϊӿ緹ˡ
һƿˮҲˮҵĳԵĺȵҲС

СģΪǣ֮ˡ
ᷭţ洫һ

Ǹձδȫѣж
˭ձſ۳ķ˭ǣ
ʢؽţ


侪ˡ
˸جΣʵǱĶѵġ

¥žǼձ̸
ǴӶƵߣִ۵ᶫ

ǰ͸ŷ͵͵һۡư裬ҪⰲӪկ
һӵĹӾء

䰤ɨǵףȻҲ
Фơ

޼ˣԼ
յģˡ

ɱ
ɱ
ɱ

ͷӶФƱʱӣҧгݣһǣʢһЩڡ

Ҫըǣ
֪ôãϹŪţͷΧһձ˹ȥ

ձһȻ񵯣ɢ㿪

˭֪ûը¶λá

ձ̽뾯״̬ǹ߸ϡһͨձڣͳ˹ȥըˣըӡ

̫ˡ
ţȥɣ

ǸŮˣ
ץ
٣ȥ
ձ˵ţһöǶǽͷͷ

еͷһȫùˡ
ձը꣬ſʼж

ӽڶϣ֪Լˡ
һƿͣһлڵϣϣ˷

ͷձҪǹСֹź档
ձȥƵ

俴µϾǡ
Ƿ棬Ŀꡣ
δúÿԼʮļ԰
úõļңͱ̣ˡ


ͷձЦź٣ôô
˵ʲôһ-Цݣֻûж񵯣ֻûжըӡ



ûпȻЦϷǻձ붯ҷֺ

ϸȼԼ׼ǿФƵձȥФҸ㱨ˡ

ձŵĻˣӲҵƿסͬʱȼգڵϷ
ţȡȻ̫ͣܿͽɡ


ʢ-ըʱƴܣûüȼԼȥյùӿС

ձϷһȻ˷Ƶľǹͳǿ
ˮڵϣƿ鿪ٻɫҺɳС

ŭĿԲߴߺųձȥڣСӡȥɡɡ


̫ԶˣǹսִٸϻδͿʢվ·ķϷһձǹһǹȥ
˲࣬ܿ㱻ˡ

ûþˡ
ʢըС۶ûˣ·˿ڡ

սܿձ
ûʢ˳¶սԶܡ

ʢſϣƺţ磬ǡ
ǡ






67.  67   һ

һӵӺҸֱȥ, ټϾˣӶľˡõϾ̫죬ɶǷĴСﵹʮϤ
ΪĿǰ, ȿ, Ķ¥ʺʺϲĸеؽѶһ

ʢһؽ, δվȣŮתܳȥһȺ޴İա

Ÿ̫ˡ
ʢȫûʶ, ᣬ㻹òʱϵߵߣֹȥ
ȻƽʱҲûʲô, ܱɳ, ɿƣҪꡣ

г, Ǿ˴󲿶ӡ
㱻׷ϤҪƵ˿Ĵ·, Ȼлٵ۵꣬ǵиεĵң㱳ʢ˽ȥ

ձƼ߶, ƾʧ˱Ȼе̺ʽ, 㲻ôţװ۵꣬򷴷


л׼ҽԺȥűס, ߡ

лٸıڰȫһᣬȻԼȥҽԺæȻͬ⡣
ʰͷȻըƵǹ

۷׷ף
ִ𣿡
ӦǣǹôܣӦŴġ
Ϊûˡ
Ҳûˣ߼ɱˣձʮ˶򲻹˵ˡ
Ӱӣˡ

ıԶ㣬⸽ʲôٰǶˡ˵Ů˸˯ѣüŪ۵Թձ֣ǶڰȫǱ߶Сǵġ
лһ˹ȥŮ˱һһ㶣ɴ۳Ҹʲô
˵˺졣

Ů˱ͱһֻȫ˳žҪͷֻûл˦һƣŮ޺˺Сӣ˵ˣ˰ɣ
Ů´ܣס
˵ɣˡ
ٳȥȥ

Ҹʲôңб¿ձҲôᣡȥӰ

Χֺģлͷۣת뿪
ߣһ

л٣㣬ȥ
Ȼȥ

ߣʲôȥ
лͣ£˸ƿȥ

ˣɿţ㡪

ȥлٿ첽ܿǽǹ֧ҩ͵ڳȫϣΧǽ˳ȥ
ʵ̲סˡ

㱻Ӷһ¥ĵҩùˣϵĵѪͷۻ˵ض
ڵϣŲԫͳƬѪȾ˽ǡͷŮˣ̾ض㲻ȥˡ

ձǰƽ
Ƭγ

׼-ͻȻӽб洫ǹ
һ¥ȥ

лõ뽨ȦӱߴܣӴƽδǰͷ·ըöˣҪԱߵŴ򿪣һϴү֡
лٸݣſڡ

ϴүѪʾҪſڴװлվźͷձƤѥͶԻ
Ȼǹ죬ͷû˶

һԽŲƿԺĴš
лƫվŲ࣬·ͳذף˽
ŲżлһӲ˹ȥ˷Ӧɿ죬㿪
̧Ķӣ˲µĶһ㣬һƽϥѹȥ
֨

лſˣǽɿ
ѪܵĵŹϡ

ϴүԼˣӴǰ֣ߡ
лٲһֱ⣿
ߡ

ȥȫɡ
ߡ

㡱
ϴү˵꣬ǳȥ

Сġ
ϴүš

һֱŸˡ
лסѪеˣ
˵һСۻˣ˵û˳ǽȥŪһ¡

лƿ·ûбҲû԰ĶҿԼ·˺Ϊס˿ڣ˿Ѫʲô
ˣһ㡣

ƨ£˵õı
л˿ڣ۵üʡ˵ˡ

һͷȻקϣȥ
һܻȥ𣿡лٺ·ȥҽԺ

ȥƿ˿ڵȥһߣҲȥ
л֪Ĺǣ¹Ѳ顣

˭á
㡣


л§סĲӣҲһ˵ʲô

ǡ
ɡ

̧֣ԴһжӣĿ죬Ϊ㱣ⱦ
ʲôΪңлɿĶ
ͷźͷĹӣЦɲΪ

ͷ¡¡һžžવŵأͷˡ
ɫѹԫƻο顣

۷Ʈ˻Դ־ģѪˣұջۡ
˯лѵ㡣

ˣģˡ
лţͷԼϣҴ㡣

ⳡǡ
һֱڣֵһˣձ˷ô죬𣬺Ⱥ˭Ҳ

Ŀ·Ѫˮٵشӽ
ζ鲼ÿһء

۵ﱻ߰㣬¥ķըûˣڵͨؽѲͬǳʽľ壬λڻ¼䣬̨߳ףۼͨذĲ

ҪӣĿסҲлٲԼһ£һļƣֱ˵ҲɿЩ
лٵſϵʢǸСֵܣ
š΢ȥ̽̽ʢıϢ

лŽűҽҩ⻹ĸǰʱ˿õģͷЩҩƷСķһͨҳƾͱȥš
š

Ա߿ʢȥ
лٸϽסȥ
ȥҵ㶫ţš
Сĵ㡣

һ㱧ŴϺë̺ڵ̳顣лٸʢã޲ϣǺ̺ӡ

ҹ
Լһߡ

·⿪
ȥ¡

лٿ壬ֽסˣ˾ˣСˣ鲼ȫ
һֱҵΪôûµġϾͭǽڣǸˣܻˣ

ʲôҲû˵˿ڡ
Ȼ̧΢°ͣʲô飿

лٲȥ
סЦһ

лٽӲǡ
Цһܡ

㻹ЦóѪˡ
ۿȻ𣿡

лԡ
ʮû޹ˡʱлٰФƵǸӣ뵽䡣֪ô˵

ʲôʲôӦһ㣬лأ
Ĭһȫء

ƭˡ
̧һסˡ

лٵƤӣƭңˣҲµõ

Բûѡ
ûжԲκˣѾĺܺˡлٲסȻطļ磬һ¡

㱳ȥĿڷһߵʢϣ̩ɽѹƵ͸
ֻͷһġ

лٸˣѾûҩͿˣȥҽԺõҩ
ȥ
ûϵòԶµĲã°ɡ

лٿϺںͻҺңѬÿʵƤקסʲôȥ


滹ꡣ
л˼ƿӺӽӵˮ

ôһṦ򣬺˯ˡ
ſԱߣãһ鲼ˣſϵĲ뵶ۡ
Ħһա

㶯ǣ˹죬𣿡
лٲѹ˿ڣ˫ֵŵأ˵Լ

ɺûмջȥץͷ˶ͷˣΪʲô


㳶ǣҡ
лٳĵ˵ġ

üң˿ɱҿޡ
ģͷԡ
ͷҲƯ

лָⴥŵϵİӣʯͷأ
ˡ
лһš

šſֱۣ
лɽ˶Ƭ̣˫˫󡣺㷭ѹز촽ǳǳؿɡ

ڵϣ۵һ
лٸȥȻס̧֣Զʢ塣

лȦסӣôˣ
ǳǳЦһ£أӰ첻á

ӣˣ
ʮ߰ɡ

ʮʱ򣬿ûԼӡ
Ҳһ

Ĳһ
Ķһ

˯ţһʱѲлٲҹζ࣬첻֪ܻܲţҷһذɡ
㱻ŷȥ򡣡

лɿ̧֣򣬽мӷŵסˡ
лſֱӭѹҧͣŵ㡣
š

һڲͬ飬ûʲôǰ࣬ⳡ⧲꣬ʹ볩콻֯ÿһ-ӿʱãʱˢе˻

ֳѪ
л£ɡ

Ҳ͸һ˿⣬㿴ڰ㱾Ưţһķ磬ÿÿҪƽʵʹԭء
Ȼۿ

Ϊʲô
һʱҲס


ҹ˯ȥҲʧѪ࣬Ҳ۵嵽˼ޡлٻĻҽԺЩҩƷ

صң컹Ǻڵġ
ʢڷգлٸһ룬ϵްѾ͸ˡ
˯ţЩߡ޻ů·


峿ŵһѡ
лٶϡֻһףͺȵɡ

˹ûѣ
ţһ룬˵ա

߹ȥʢСɸɾģк㿴Ųϰˣģ
лӦ

Ӳʢεĺúõģôһ࣬˹
ۣ˻ɱӣ㰴סͣ㣡ҽС

ʢҧˡ
㶮˼ࡣ

ʢȥ˵Ҫ޸ҵġ
һ£Ī־ûں޽ӡ

ʢűӿޣͣ죺Ҫɱǣɱˣɱǡ
ɱ

л˵𼤶˿ֳѪˡ
ʢ¿ȥŷԼûˣᣬһҧгݣһֻҲܸǡ

ߣˡ
ʢŤȥ

죬Ȳȣ
ʢƿ֣˹һںȵס







68.  68   

ʢ״̫, лٳȥҩȫϣǾ¿Ƣ, 岻ܺûֻһ仰, ء
л֪һ㶼áδô˯, ҹ˯ʱʱȥ̽Ϣһ˯͹ȥˡ

Ұˣлٱŵʢ, ԡ
ʢӹллɩӡ

ֶ֣ദ˵ˣ첲̧, лٴսЩ, Ұ㻻
ҪӣʢסԼ, 㣬硣

, Ťʲôҩʱÿˡ
ʢɿ֣ĬĬͷ

л°ǵľ, , 
·һ˸ƵģʢԼ, ˣ
񡣡

ʢװϸһߣллɩӡ
ů𣿡
ů͡

лغԱߣŸһ
㿴ϸţȻסļ硣

л˲ͷôˣ
ͦҸҲ

лֿͷ͵һΣкͷáֿҴˣ˵ˡ

ʢŨģ̾ȥǽĬĬ顣

лٿٷţһֱ룬ۻɴۣ֨
š

ٳȥˣܽôġ
лͣ룬֣ƣҲǺúõ

˲ԶôˡԲˡ
Ϳ

㷢ˣʵ̵ˣлǵ֪ҩ΢תЩڶ

ˮҲûˣԲԷܲˮ
лȥŪСͰˮͷнŲ
վڴ㿿ǽڣƮƮģһһŮǹӡ

лϸ˻ᣬȻŮˡ
ţ̽ͷȥͼ˹ڵҿ

Ǹʲô
Ů˱Ȼŵáһ
л̳С

Ůס죬˳񡣡
ȥȫ

˵ըҲ·ˡ
Ů˵ڶһ죬տȥֽģܲܽһ¡

ܡ
ŮֱӸ£ˣûԶˣˣҲܣձ

лקҲûԵġ
Ǵžͺãʵ̫ˡ

лټŮ˿ˣۿҪˣҲߣҪ˵
ƵƵͷ

лŮ˼˱ڣ㶣㵽
ȥǱšл˿鲼ǣҹߡ
лл

лٵˮԱߣҩø£ͳ԰ɡ
㲻Ҫԡ

УԵ
ɡ

лͷյĸˣ𣿡
ҡͷ

л죬Ŵҿ
ЦŤȥʲô

лק㡣
εſ죬лϸ˿˵ۡŵϣóҩٳһš
Թȥ

Ů˸Ҫѯʣקסû졣ŮĬĬ˵ˡ

лžɾװţ𣿡
ҡͷקů͡

лٱסϡ
㲻Ц˼ҿأ
лٰ£קקĶ䣬ͷȥĶͷ˯ɣ˯˵ˡ
šȣס֣۾

һҹȥ㻹Ǹղˣ˿ڸȾأ󱳵ľƺҲ˯һشŶ£ż
лԼ¸ţͣɵƤˮ

ͷʱ·ձлڳ
ץ˺ܶйʬ壬ʱʱȥһʬСƳ

ҩùˡ죬лҪȥҽԺ㵱Ȼߡȥ岻ƫƫסǸˡ

ڵȱҩҽԺΪṩ̫࣬û취ˣȥ͵ȥҲҪҩŪҽָһЩ

µǸҩˣǲá
ҹлٴ˻û㣬ȥҡڶ¥ըСϣʱǻࡣ

лٶͷߣָŨܵüëôˣ
뿴ǡ

лϿһۣǡ
ָϱߣǲ𣿡

лʲôҲûգһǡĬһĺ˵̫ˣȥɡ
㵥һ顣

ŮǸԵģһ˵ֻһͿɵԱߣȡů

лĶǰͷ
㳯ǰᴵ˿ˡ
ʲôʱˣ͡

˧𣿡
˧

ҿǴС˧󡣡ЦЦͿĶߣһڡ
лٴĶͷǵᣬһˣˣ
ɻĻ

һֱû㣬ǹ/../𣿡
ȫǡ

ʲôвȫǣ
ܽҼ뵳û룬ȴǵָʾ¡

Ϊʲô
ˣһЩεԼҲһܾԷ֯ˣ뵳񡣡

ͦõġۣ࣬Ǹأ𣿡
ˣϾ죬һ񵯳˹Ӷ
ûлӦ

лٿ۾˻ֱۣ㡣
š

˯˵˵
Ա΢䴽ǣð˵˵

лٿĲ̬ܵĺܣɵĻ泯ҹգȥ

֨
š
ǰһعһɽկΪıˡ
лٻǸʱ򣬴پʬ壬ΨΪ˱һʱ飬дǺ֮ޡ

ϧˣӦİ̧λûü졣
ҲںЩ

һֱ˵ҪȢ㣬û뵽ȱӹѡҵ뿴ΪҴµӣҪɵЩɴйģɫϲÿ
ðġ

ЩҾһΡεҺʱɽͷСկȫϲŵɽ£Ƶĵǡ
лǣô˵ţĪи棬ֵģ·ǰƵġ

ȺƴҾƣڷңҺˣ˵㻳ҿͷЦŶ˵ٺȵ㣬΢ЦȥЩɵҿС³ĵĺ˵ģСҲĨĺģ͸ɽƵģ̲סȥÿҪ׵ˣ˹

лû˵Ȼ¥Ҫץָָ컬̧˿ڣ۵óȥģ
һᡣ

ü³һѪϽҶס
ãлһɫĲȻЩˣȴǺޡ
첼ǵͷϣߡ

лٿŸͷ˳䣬ҵģʲô㶣ȡ𣿡
̧֣ź첼Ľǣ㿴лЦӯӯؿԼ·ƵģΧһжŤ仯ʱǸӡ

ϹͷһӾˣͬͬ餡
§סʲôҲû˵ֱۡ

лٰǿۣҪ˯һû˵ꡣ
ۣؿء

˵ϲӣǰ˵ģһСˣк㣬ŮҲ㣬ȥһլӣúǵܡ
áϢ΢ִϵ

㱧ҡлֹԼϣҡ
§ס˿Ĳӣе˯һᡣ
У˯۾û˵꣬˵ˡ
˵š

лÿ϶һͬߣÿ峿һۿľ㡣ϲҰ֨Զ˵Щ˻ô˵ԡ˵ҪҸģ㻹ûа̧Ȣأ㻹˵̧Ҫʮ̧ȢһȥһֱšǰҾ޸㣬ֻӲϳϣÿθһǹҶܿģ۸ҵʱҲܿġ˵Ҫȥԭģ㲻ƭҡ
ûƭ㡣±ӻйˣǸʱһûսȥϷδɽȥԭ
ҲҪ±ӣҾҪⱲӡлػ㿴ҡ

۾гɷ죬ֻܿǰӰ
סԼǰǾⱲӡ

ҪˣҾͱը.ܽձӪ
˵ˡ

лٿǰбڣɵգŲԶǹȻоޱߵľ

˿⡣
ѩˡ

ֽ̧סһƬѩ㣬㿴ѩˡ
ѩˡ
ѩˡ

ûлӦ

ѩˡ

ܲˡ
㲻ϲҰ𣿡

Ұ㡣

Ұ㡣

Ұġ

Զǹɨ䣬ֻ༸ʬɽ
㲻лҧס֣ǲһ뿪ҡ
㡣

лóԼؿڣ۾뿴Ұ硣Ҫץסˡ
˯㳳ˡ

л㶵ؿȻңҰɡ
ʲôޡ㸧ͷһô
лҡҡͷ

лжѪããŮҲˡ
лٲᣬЦ

ˣҲø˰ѳˣңҲ㡣ıӣû
ˡ

ϥµڶĲð㿴Ʈѩ˵ãڣ͹ɥĲôİѹҺͺ˽ǡռɽӣɱͬҪѪծѪ
á

ȥԵǼС⽣𻨸⣬·ӣǸôôأ
սȥѧԡ

ЦЦԵĻ˭ǹζ
лקקѩˣȥɡ
á

Ⱥ˯ţл͵͵˳ȥ֪ϾǵÿһݵλãܽﱻըĿȫǣ·š
лշתļݣڷҵЩкõĸӲȻЩࡣһòСİŻȥû꣬Ӫسһձ۵ǽ

лֻһǽֻ֮һѵ£ͽΣգֻȥԡ
ͷˮɧζܿ
ձ˶̾ˬϿӱŻȥˡ

лٵȫС뿪
Ҳôͨ磬۵̨ţѼϣŽ˻ȥ

㲻ڵңҲڶ¥ʢҲˡ
ǸŮţлأ
ˡ

ˣ
֪Ů˶뿴ֱģߵģҰ˷һ뿪ˣҲȥˡǸȥȫ㲻Ҫ

лٿ֮ǰ˯ĵطǹѾȫˡ

ʲô㡣
лٷ롣

ܳ𣿡
԰ɡ

ҳ˰Ů˸Ͻ룬ˣ˼ڳԸɺȾ㻹ȥ𣿡
лٵǽ߶£µذףĻ̱ȥˡ


ⳡѩ·ߵʬ塣
˴źɫͷĿͷŴĸףЩȻŰ볤ðһ̶̵СӣƤǰ׵ģ촽Ϳ˿ں죬ٺͦлѪζɼ岢ûĸһҲÿһ

ңҲȷʵǸҡ
ʱͥϵͽ½ʿѧУĳɼҵӦչ滮ȥ½ѧ죬ȴ״ΥĸԸȥӢѧϷ硢ݣ;硣ɴӸս㳹˰ӢձΪȥѧͥϵ½ʡֱ

ۣ⿴ȥëϡ̣Ƕ˫ƤСԶϹͷѩʲô
ůůϢڱĴ̾һˮʲô

˾ûлشЦ˵ǿ쵽ˡ

ͣվڿ⣬˾³֤ȥｫİӡ
ձо

˴򿪳³˾سźɡΪѩ
һ·̣䣬ϳɡ

ƿ֣һԶĳǽȥһߣС







69.  69   

һֱϹҵĴµĶʲô
˾Ϊ, ˾ȡɡЩڷҡڵԲεĶȥ

˾Ҷ죬ںͷðѩ
˻ͷ, Ҿͺá

, ˹ȥ
ѩ̫ʼտǰ, һϮ˸££øЩ

˾վڿӵ£ӹСӳ, ĶӲѳ𣿡
˾۳ԶôΣǶӣҰ

û˵жӡ
ǸϷ, һֱӢ, Ż

ĸ磿
ҵ˿ȫǾˡ

СӳҲ߿ȥȥʲô
˾, һֱЩͷʲôĺ, ʲô
СӳЦɣ

Ұԭ, ֱ, Щͷ­ˣٿȥתҪܣӲĶ, ɡڵϣԶҲȥ
֪ս̣ɱ⣬սվսˣйʧʮ
ŵϱ¶⸲Űѩ֣촽ڲ

˾СӳڵأæϹ
ҰסСӳļ磬ΪʲôҪЩͷ­ϣ

٣Ǹֿй
ǲôǣ

ǡСӳ䳰ȴòӡ

һ·ϣҰ겻ģͣһŷʽǰ
˾Ϊȥϵѩգ塣

Ұͨ绰Ұãֱͣ£ߵŽȥ񣬡ס
ҰҰ۶ʱĽɴüĸףǰ§סıˣ겻ˡɿӣüչôɫ̫ã·ʲôˣ
ڳϿźܶй˵ͷ­

ҰЦɿʿһЩСȤζ÷ϡ
ǡ

֪ĸô
ҰۣǺܺãҲ

Ҳܾûȥˡ
ףʬ塣

Ұɫ΢䣬Ҫ˵ˡ

绰
Ұǰõؿһ飬ʱ䲻ˣ¥Ϣɣġ
ǡ

˴Ұȥ䣬Ϊʰ
Ұߵǰķ棬вϸǼͷ͵ӡ


ڶգҰͣȥߣѩһЩʬ壬ȻóΣȻ·ߣ˸Ůкͯ
Ϊʲôôƽʬ壿
˾ش𣺡ЩǱըЩǿշӡǵľˣҪΪʬ塣

һֱ˵ϾǷ羰ȴǰǷ棬ҰһźݻٵĽһΪ޹ʹϧٿǶȥˣ
ЩˣЩڰȫǼ˰Ĺʰȫʮйˣкܶжװ棬һ

ǰһˣ²֪ڸʲôҰսʿǴкտͿһô̵̫̫Ķӡ
ҰŻˣԾһַס˾ļ磬عЩŭǰʣڸʲôλŮʿҲй
ձͬʱôЦһǹеһ£ǰ

˾ֿǱŭ⣺λ
ձʱվֱо

Ұ˳̫̫ʬ峯ǰһֱ·ľͷ鲼ʬ壬еŮ˶û·
ԼģǶЩʲô


ҰʧǵػصסҳȥţΪ˸е
ãҰ۾˽һİ´¥¥¥Ͼ쳣Ұ۴񣬱ȥߡ

жʮ˱סĸйʮһ飬жӣձѹǰߡǷ׷׵ͷûһ飬Ĺ
ףΪʲôֿ
й˾ųܣһֻֻ׵ĸûǡϺ£ΪǸµĶ֣ߡҰ۲мؿԶȥǣһ˲ŵ壬㿴ǼͷɥˣԸʿô˵Ķ֡ЩѪԵҲձʾɾ

Ҫȥ
˵أ

ҰüѾͶˣӦŴ²
ŴҰļ򣬡̫ˡ

÷ǵʿɱᣬɱˣǿ--ŮˡǲµģԵɥǸǡδ˵꣬Ұֻϻġ
Ұۺݺݵһƣûش⣬꽻Ů𣿡
ҰҧûС

㻹ûŮ˰ɣ
ף

ҿΪ㰲šҰ۱֣Զȥ̾һ¶ЩζЦϾЩŮˣƯ
ҰŵؿԼĸףȫһˣ˾İ־塢˼飬ףΪսʿƬضеңǲôɱ޹գΥº;¡
ҰһƣһΣʮˣԺҪֻĸͲųһ˵Ǹ֮ʣҰŭһתˡ

ҰվãԵظо
ˣʿԼ


磬ҰΪһйŮӡȥʮͣͷö̶̵ģļȲĺͷͷϻ˶仨
ҰҪŮ㡣

ĲǺܺãһһظԼ˺
Ů̫ˣ޵ĸһţͣط

Ұ˵һǣԶԶģãһƻ
Ůҽӡ

ҰڵϣЦſƻ
Ůµؽ˹ڻûҳԡ

ϣҰۻصҰڷ￴飬Ůһ㵽Ӻ
Ұ飬վס
û
ûС

Ұ۱֣ʧؿתȥһᣬһʿ߽Ůʹİȥ
ʲôҰ׷ȥվס

ʿտĵϣ˹ȥ
ҰؿŵѪеŮӣˣ


ԪϾֵĲˣ꣬ŵġ
ҽԺΪÿλҽʿַһһСϲ

Ҹûάֶãձˡ
ǲץй±Ϊڣؽ

λʿߡ
ӦԵġ

лڸһ˻ɴһձȥҪƨɣлٶ뿪
ձȻסֱۣܵǰͷһѳĿۣ֡ٳһԲȦ̾һȻˣ
л˦첽ǰߣס

ձҪקһλҽסļ磬סǡ
ձˣûӲ

ӣ뿪
лٿֱקûˣȥҽ

ձЦŴͷǸ˵´


ҰЩðһֱŲ
ϣҰ۽Է˵ûθڡҰֱӱƵſڣʾҰǸ׳嶯ˣԭ¡
ҰվҰסļ磬ȥԷɡ

Ϊǵơ
ҺһҰΪϣҰϽס
𱭣һ

Ұ΢ЦԵ㡣
¶ǣҰԴԼеȶˡ

㻹ǵĸɡ
Ұ˵ͷ

ˣ͸ѪԣҰеľھôϣڶḶ́ܽ㳤ѶϵԸ񣬼ֱˡ
ҰƲסؾŻڸҵģ׵ĻһҲδ

ųһŮ˶Ұصط¾ƱһҲĶӣöԸӲѾʮˣǸˣȴµĺӡ

ҰվǸףҲ̫ҵȻطˣӣͷĺôˣ
ҪƬأʹƬϵŮ˿ʼɡҰ۵һƣûплҵġ

֣ʾ˽¥

ҰڴϢţ巢̣ͷѩսݣžʹ汻ϣԼ˸סֽŵŮˡ
ʱˣͷţţҳȥ


߳ܣ䡣
Ұʰë´ϣ¶ףžƳ˳ȥ

ҡҡλεڴߡ
ڵϹ𣬺ڵϵѩ¹粻ôڰ

ˤͷֵ
˾ƣûͷҳţ·Ů˵ĳ-ʬ壬ӱʿӶ¶˳

ſǽ³
ܻشǽǽΪطйš

ΪʲôҪΪʲôҪξΪʲôҪ

ҡҡ׹ǽصһѹש


磬Ԯӻ˻
һǸʮҵСձ-ǿ-顣һѹʯ±εҰֻ˼ë£ֵʱ춳ˡ

лþƾΪͷҰѹʶ̧ʹȫƿ
лٺ޷ײԱߵĹϣ󱻼һѪۡ

Ұűӣɴ˫۾ؿ
л˦˦ֿ֣¡

ҰߵʩҽԺΧϴй˵

лҪΪ˿ڣǹ¥ҽԺ㰲ȫˡ

ҰΪԼҩ
΢ţ̧ۿǸйʿ

ĶᣬΪԼ˿ڡ
һ¡

Ұû
ӣȥˡ

ϽŤȥһʹӾߴ
ףָܸܵıżιƤ

ʲô
ҪǱձˣǻ˺Լɡ

лΪϲˣһ֧ʼ¼ʲô
Ұҿڣŵһᱻϳ

л΢΢ƫͷı飬˵
Ұ

ģ
ͷصȥ

лٿϸƤ⡢ŤŤȲʿҲϸûж룬ֻɵˣû˵ӹ˲ϣǺűߵıӣһЩƤˣֱ΢ۣûжԲܵײҽ˵ûʲô⣬ͺá
Ŀ͵ˣ˻֣˵ɣ

ͷ
Ϣɣлʿ

뿪ҰŻ̧ɨΧĲˣʲôĲ״УñӸסͷ޵ݣԼ˿Ϸ졣


ҹˣٴαڰֻ֣ҽԺŵơ
Ұֱţû̫ۣÿһÿһ붼ޱȼ尾뿪
һ·ˣû˹Ҷæۡ

ϹߵҽԺſڣӱ߿һʿһӾϳıӰ

лڳԱָӲıʣɻǵӲԾ͵öţûɻ
ѵؽţûҧˡ

߳Ա߷ȥԱߵıӣСĽָˮ
֣ע⵽ˡ

ҰվҲ෽лһۣһԲű
һȦɴΪԼһ²Ż˵ġǰҪǸпԡ

һĬĬһԶλãЩʴӡ
лƳһۣ㲻𣿡

Ұҡҡͷָָ
лΪҪԵģһҰ֡

л֣԰ɡ
űߣ

лӲʣµСӴ˴Сڡ
ҰעĲ䣬˲ҽӽ񣬳ľ
ʹۣ֪ʲô

лע⵽Ŀ⣬𣿡

ײϣŲۣҧסǰ
ǡӲ






70.  70   Բ

ֳһӤ, ҽԺⶼܸˣôĵǸϣ
лٿź, Ȼ, Ͼݵĵ죬Ǻء, ȴæһҲû
źû˵һտ֡

䣬ˮܿðˡ
΢εˮ, ӡԼǴ˫һˮȫ

Ҳţ
ҲˮһѾ͸ˡ

Ƕνˡ

ʵ, ˺ѳ׼
ܳ硣

֮
лʿ

лվ, ͷȥͣ, ͷҰ, ûҩ㡣
Ұ˸첽ߣűԶȥ

·, ڵϹ, Ҳûˣ֪ʲôطĸŮһͨͷҴܣһͻҽԺ
룺߰ɡ

һһ¡
ҽʿƳŽ, ͷ˸Ŀȫǵи˫մѪԻŸ¡ĸ

Ұǽϣ㶵ؿԶ
ߵҡͷ̾

Բ
Բ

Ұ֡
һȥ¿ЩϸָĵˡˡĻŵص⣬ʱ˿̣ûһã֮е

ȻﴫӤ
ȻҧסֱۣƲסȻ¡


лֵҹ¥Ĳ鷿һȦûʲôΨǸë˲ˡһ飬δˣֵĻʿҽ˵û˵ĲأҲ뿪ˣлٱûϡ

캮ȵһ̫̫һţͷڱҶ⣬ޱȱܰͰȥռԴ

лټͣش£ȥҴտӰȦڽ䡣

ֵͲգˣ߹ȥǰ
ĳ

Ұ̵ֻزȥᣬû̧ͷ

ȥ˯ɡ
ϵ̧ǰİ¡㿴üĿǸʲô顣ɾѸԼ⸱Ǳӡ

ʱ˶ѡл䣬ֲŶָ䴥ڴһӲӲĶ˳˳ȥͺˡ
Ұ۾̣Ȼ֣˿ССǡ㶣̧ʪġÿ˫ݵؿ

Կǣúܶࡣ
˹˵лл

лջ֣û˵οĻֵͲȥ˸ľȥȡ
߻ǲ̫ģ˺ųޱ

Ұעűޱ˳ȥûһ仰
عڰ

վʱţûŹվӦ˺þò·߳ȥ̯ģǿǣֽǷۺɫġ
ڴУȥ


ҽԺÿ춼һλֵ࣬ԱԸʱձ
ܳĸӤɺչšлѲһ飬һŵƣȥ˿

Сǳ˯ţдлٽ΢Цԣ³Ӥ

лӤôСһҲ֪кŮ

ǰǲϲӵģɲ֪ʲôʱ𣬿ǾһһҲΪ㣬ҲΪ͡
лٿ˻ᣬ뺣Ȱ֣뿪ҡ


΢ҽԺæ
б˴ȾһкŻ£е顣ϾʬҰСҲõʬȾˮʱͣˣˮյֻܼʣЩɻĻںȺˮټӪ˶࣬Ĳãѻɽѱ׸ߣһ˵òܿ㴫Ⱦ

ҽԺλϡȱ濪輸ҽ٣幤Ҳ٣ֵģûŮ˻չˣЩʿѾܼ翸ɳˡһЩͦġ
Ұһʿˣȥ֣һ¡
ʿ˵лл
˼֣Ȼ䣬뿪ˡ

ҰЩ˻һֱ׷ʵ壬ʵ˿һ̨¼ЩѡһЩĳһּµìУЩˣֺ°ѹ˲бһչʾȥϣԼԶǺƵ֮

ŵ࣬һձҰΪԼģ˸ִϣǡ
ձĿĲֱʿȥҰ䡰ءӡƭǡҳ
ǵҷʿĿ֣ƺʲôˡ

ҽԺ˽Ǹ˳ȥ
ǰǻһҽȭһһҽƳһСŮİ

Ұսȭ⻹Ĺ𣡺ǿʲô


лʿڽиע磬ȡҩƷ
Ĭҽס˵緢飺ձӦǶˣ֪ûйϵûҵ㣬Ӧú滹Ҳ֪ǡܶʱҲΪҲȷÿζܱ㣬ҾҪӪ㼸죬ʱȱҲܾͻˣʱٻȾأҲҪҽԱ
лˣǸҽԺ鷳ˡ
ҽҡͷ᣺Ҫ˵ֻѾܶæˣ֮עⰲȫ
á

лҩȥ߲Զ˸عͷҰ𣿡
Ұ֨

ûϻ첽뿪
Ұһ·

Ӫ̫ˣŵζÿ˵ϳľܲĩйӲд
лǰ״ϣҰһֱԶȥʵæ𣿡
ƵƵͷ

лٽҩЩһ֣һСš
Ұĵؽӹ


ϣлһйҽ˻
æһ죬ᱳʹлٰҽ硣ʱѾûŮ϶ҲںйŮһңվͳһսϣֻһǾǾˡ

û뵽㿴ôݣ־ͦ󡣡
ˣ
պá

лٸţСʱ򳣸үүġ
ҽۣ̾˰ɣ
ԡ

ôϾûߣ㲻ûǮӡ
ûطȥ

أ
ûмˡ

ҽĬһ˰ɣ㰴
ˡлɿŤŸ첲ȥҲۡ

һˣҰô⣿
̧ͷ

лޱؿɫ̰һģ˺ˣȥӪҸطţҽԺæȥʽ
ҽŤŲӳСл˵ô壬˼ŵáҰ֣䣬ů°ɡ
Ұס֣ӡ

ҽһȲ裬Ȱɣůůӡ
ӹ΢΢˸

ҽЦŴʿ˵ǸÿĲ˾ɡ
лſϣ
ҰεЦ£ҡҡͷ

ҽȥ̾СӳȷʵϾ𣿡
Ұҡͷ±ӣ΢Ϲ

ôʲôɡ
Ұл٣ĬĬȥ

ҽǽڷ֣ȤСл㿴˼֣ˡ
лſֶŹ⿴˿ȷʵֲ࣬ǸСֵܵ˫һĵϼ룬ֺӲָﶼǺɫã֡

ԶӪļ
ձǿ-Ůˡ

Ұ֪ʲô״ɴվųԶ΢Ĺ⿴ȥ
лվҪȥҽסҳʲô˿鲼סͷڵĨѻҲлϣѵˣҳȥá

ӪձһںڰҴܣĹץҲʲôϣסǿ-顣

ôԽԽҰµ淢ʲôȺʧȥƵձЦеŭ
ЩҰġɥʧԵ

лٻǳ˳ȥҲȥ

ձҹҹҲҵӦԷֻҪһ֣ŮصҺõδ
ձҲŮʮкҲŹ

ȫձʿǻԴΪڸ޼ɵشΪ
лٱһʣǿ-һλ˵ձȥձҵķ̫̫ϣĿӶᣬֵؾͳл˹

лָһʣձǰץӵڽűߣӲһţڵϡ
лٷ̫̫շ߲Զһձ˹ڵϣһֱסһֻؿڣش󺰣

лšס󣬽ĸ첲ۣؿһ֣ձͿ̧ϥǽ߿һƵ󣬿ĸ첲Ųӣס
Ϊ̫ͷȥ

Ȼһǹ졣

ƨɵձŴ̵л١ĨҲóò
лٱţҶ

ձ-ЦſҪ֣лƫһߣľ϶˳ȥ

ס֣
˻ߵĺдӲԶ

лٿ˹ȥֻҰסһŮձŭ
˵

лٽ򵥵ᵽˡ֜쵰
ձֵͲƺ̫ĻȻһձ˹˵Щʲô漴վֱ˳о

лؿǡ
ҰŭƲסͣ£ȥ

ǡ

ҰɨܣҵվڲԶл٣ٲά裬ͷ߹ȥһ˵Բ𡣡
лأŻŵͷ­ʱ˿ֻ̣뽫ĺ󾱡

㣬֤Ժ󣬲٣֣顣Ϊһ飬䲻ȴ˳ϿңԲ𡣡
лסˣתȥǽֺ߱Ů

Բ𡣡





71.  71   

Ұͻر
Ұۻû˯, 鲻ѣӴй˵޷ʱ, εͿ˹

˻һ
, ͷ޻绯İ׶ʱչЩڵϡ

Ұšü, ˫ϲʹԼҲţ΢΢ͷ, ˡ
Ұ۲صûж˵ʲôֻؿһڿյķص·, ˷䡣

Ұʰڵϵ޻, ˸Ͻǰɡ
վ, ·Ұɡ

Ұ⿪, ·£ۣ۵ó
˽ӹ·, Ұ¥ݿȥ, ҵķ䣿
ѾΪʰˡ

û˰ɣ
ûС

Ұɿƣ¥ȥ
վſڣŴЩ顣

Ĵµġ
ɳ˯һҹ

ڶһ, ÷𴲡
һҹ˯ᱳʹȴԱֱڷǰʳıϡ࣬Щֲ˿ڣʱθȫޡ

Ұ鲻ϴЦ˹ʲô
ҰϽͷ磬ס

Ұۡšһӣô£
ǽҵˡ

Ժþҽ㿴
ãСˣҪҰǿҲ棬й˾ȥҽԺҽҡ
ҰҨ˿š

ǶҾӦðЩǵҽƻܲұ˴ȾҰ׳Ĭ˵ռУӦúƵضԴ޴İգ޹ģӦϽǵʿ롱
Ұӣ㻹£Ӫܵ˵ľΣĸͲܴ裬ʸԱϡ

Ըùˣ
Ϊ۹սҫǼҫҰӣ㲻ҵ˴ձ棡

ǵʿӪҽԺץˡǿ-顢٣ҽԺۿһʿʮ꺢ӵʳѵͲ𣿰ȫﻹкܶʿҽձ⽻󣬲¹𣿡
Ұ۴ĻȥĶǿշӣǶƣΪձ۹ľˣ㲻ҪǰԻЦͬġ
ײҪƭԼǵƽʬ壡ΪʲôҪѾıУ黹ڼǵʿ񷢿Ұһйգȫʧȥ˿ƣɥʧԣҼֱǵĹˣǾƤħ

Ұӽ˽ƽԴռϾǵʿȷʵûпƺãⲻһʱԹܿסġ
ǹˣǲʿǾΣһֻ۱һֻۣ˵ɱʧΪô²ʲô˵йͶ󣬱ȫ˿ЦǣɱɾȻûʳָ²Ҫʿпأȫ˽ʿǿµɱ¾ģйϺµķߺޣԴ˶źйҫԽʾձͼľ޴ҰģһимƻĿֲߣҰվ͵ӣȻλξɱ˱ΪӦͣʿȥǵĹ˽̧ͷǽֹȥȫ

ҰۺȻЦ
Ұụ̈Цʲô

Ұۺ˿е˵ˡ
ں˵ȫ£

£ע̬ȣǶԳǳ١
ҰɿȭͷǸʧˡ

Ұۼ˿鷹ŸȻǾ㣬ôΪʾлʹ͵ʳȥɡ
ҰЩţģ

ȳԷԺһᰲš
ǣ


ҰسŵİٽסٺйͷһЩҩƷȥ¥ҽԺΪȰ˸ףû뵽Ұı㣬һӰʦձġ񡱻档

Уαƣƭ
޵ݣҰ޲ҿ鲼Լͷ׵š

ҽԺʳҩƷ˿̲µʱʳѷܶӪּôʿԽܶ⣬гȫվ¢֮ʡ
ʱգʳѾԹˣЩ೧һηգЩʵ̲ģΣջؼȡʳѰʳ·ϱձɱһЩΪ˷ֵһЩףȥ١͵ԭΪձɻշϴ¡

лڽиĻš
ҰãǾȥһ档

Ǹձľѥһ׷ɢת˲ǰһƬտ

ҰøļձԶȺ򣬶ǰ

ҽ۶û߽õػд
лٵͷעҲû

С֮Ұ˸ڴһֱҸ㣬ЩԵġлɨȥɨ棬ȥˮǹɿɡ

ߡ
ҰתûУ⣬ңǡһãǣɧ㡣
лֱؿǲɧйˣϾ𣿡

Ұ΢ͷһ̧ܹۣᶨ˵һᣬŬġ

лټɨв¹ձˣˣǹƽ񡣡ԳЦһû뵽ˣǸء
һǣңϾû˵ŬţûУɱйˣϣǣܹƽദ

лٶԼᣬƽһᣬʵ㣬ΪʲôûУûɱң
Ǻǲһй˲ɱƽͷ²лɨűߵףǻų޴
ûУ

лٿԶձһμôɵվЦѲбôûʵĽڣԣɱȫйˣ-ȫйŮ˰ɡ
ǣǵġԷϣȴ޷ֱЩ--ʵԲ𡣡

һԲ𣬾ܵõʮԭ£ôɱδ̫ˡ
һᣬֲ֣㣬°ɣллңչˡ

߰ɣҲҪлԶˡ
Ұû취һС߹ȥ

Сǹ¶㵽ӺҰͳıɣԡ
Сҽӡ

֣Űɡ
ӵӰʦϽܹգһҰתͷŭһҪˣ

һУСſˣܽȺ
Ұǰ޲ߵؽڵϣûУ⡣
˻ȥ

ӰʦҪ͵ģҰĻˤ˸ϡãһ
Ӱʦͷ

Ұߵſڣͷл٣ʲôҪģطҡҽУҰһɣʿҽԺ㲻ãģȥɡ
ҽһۣЦŵۣд֡

ҰǲԼĬĬ뿪ˡ

ҽžѥԶȥ˱ʣСӿˣ
лûлش

Сл
š

Ҫǰͷټ̵ɡ
á

һûȻǸ٣֪һţΪʲôһۼûУѵǸĹ٣
лٱӵǰѾˣҲû취Ͼᣬȥɻ


ҰճȫͱҰ۵˴˳⡣
һ·ϣܶ౻ʮּϵйˣձɻֹһֹǵձ

ҰûװһɫʿѵԶ
Ұߵ󣬡ס

ԶһʮּϰˣҰʵҪʲô
ҰתйʿڵҶ㵽˽죬ϸձǵʿץҰʾʿΪһѵһͼյľӶҪ𡣡
ҰϤĵĬ塣

ҵʱʴģ-ҹС
ףҡ

ҿһʵҰ۰γҪվ˾ԼǸõġ
ҰסԼĵѾûˣһָлϤ





72.  72   뿪

ҵѪ, ǼӣܣӦóѪԡҰ۱һֻ, һһֵֻġ
δҰӦ, ѻӵ¡

Ұ㿪
εһῳ

ҰԵʵУף
Ұ˿, ⻮ȧǴʱֳһѪۣµɽεѪ

Ͼ͸ôе̣ڵӼֱƯĴޣҰ۵ƣͷһ
Ұ϶, ʼղԸε

ҰۻӿͣԵŵء߽ؿŶ, Ӯ, ˾ͽ㴦á
ģ

ҿʵҰ۷һ˵ԳУб
Ұ˦˵, һѸٵסĵ, ˵ǲ̫ѧĵ, ʹ±, ضŸ׵ķС

Ұ۵գЦŵٶȿԣҪٶˣְɣ
Ұ, Ÿף˫ȷֿ΢΢ǰ㣬˫Ȼѹ£ִ۲Ÿ׵ĲףײµƣӸղŵǼٶԳٶֻۣбԵȽϾѹԡ

ҰĿתع۲ĵ⣬͸Щ𣬻ȫ˸ˣǶʤĿ
ĵףȫѧʱʦͣ븸׹ػأֻ˿˵һлܡ

Ұۻ˸յƣִ̧쳤ֱʹֻڴ¶ƣ֜Ұǰ䲻⣬⻮أֿ׼ҰۻδӦ֣˵ϡ

Ұֱ΢ţסЦˡ
Ұʰĵͷ͹ȥܱǸ

ǵһ껹ˡҰļ磬½ѧѧϰһΪһĵ۹ˡνİá룬ʴȣҵĴ
ףҲϲսϣ
Ұ۲˵Ļᣬϣϣڵݣ̤ƬؿʼֻʣҪľΪձ۹

ҰĬԣ볤ͷߵѪѪߣʹɢһҰԵĿ
ҰͻȻ̧֣ôĴָȥϵѪ۲ۣ
Ұҡͷۡ

ֻǹżϣܾ˼ת˵㣬ҲۣԲ𡣡
ҰͷײҪô˵

ҰۺȻסθ
Ұŵ̧ͷסֱۣôˣ
ˣҲǰʱʱ̿㣬Ҳˣ֪ŮӣǼΨһϣҰ۸֣Ұϣ㲻ҪԹңҵģǼҫ̳ȥ
ҰҧأܳܲסľǼ˵ʾԲˣ塣

Ҫ뿪ϾȥһϺȻȥɽɣҪסӵ֣ǻȥɡ

ҰԶס˫۵ˣףǣ
˵õģӮˣ㴦á
ллסҰ֣ʾʿſˣѺԶȥ

Ұ§ļߣ߰ɣһѡ


һߣɵʬ߽̾˿˵ķŵɱǡ
ɵҲɵˣй

ڲݴԱߣϸָ̣˵˼ˡ
ɵ-ЦһŮƯ𣿡

ɱôˣ㲻𣿡
ҲŲ£˵㺦ҲӦԭǺ£ʮŸˣҲɱʮ߸

ʬ壬³̣϶˶ǹ浹θڣȥɡ


ҰҽԺʿûá
ϣһձ˽°ʿɱ˸ˡ

û͸ѷҽ
-屻һ룬лٶվԱߣѪֹ˿ڣ΢š

ҽס֣ҪҪȥϢһ£
лҡҡͷá

еҹȻ˵
и۵Сﱧͷվȣлƣضô˯ѽ

СʲôҲû˵ܻ˲
лٿǽߣüվ˻ᣬֱ𱳴ʼ


ڶ죬Ұӵ¥ҽԺµϢһ͸˹ֵҽԺֻ
ҵл٣û°ɣ

ҰһװͷҲˣЩɱĹûʲôһĻлֻںڻмԣձʿ---˼Ӱ£мһֱС
ÿ

ˡ
ܱǸʿѾ˻

лټĲŵͷ߳վϣҪϢ뿪ɡ
ǸˣǡҰۣû£Ҿͷˡ

лٲת첽Զ
ҰıӰʧڳȾͷŵͷߣߵſڣԼһŮ
˵ڣĸס죬˵

ҰòᲽ뿪ӶǾ仰
裬ձΪʲôô


ĸŮ˱ڰȫſڣ˽ͽ˹¥ҽԺÿһãص-

лûЩ̵Ļ棬µʱڲϣ˸ɾ·ϵձֻ´СС˵ࡣ
Ͼݽһ£ʮűʧˣֱ졣лٲô⵽ʲô˵ĴݲУ̫ŮˣǲʹǾϵĥģ̫٣̫١

ϣλŮһλ뿪һλѹվϷµ֤
һ¥ձʱפһӪԼжٸʿҲǺ¥רŷŮˡ˵߿ޣԶԻԵĽ£Һúÿ㣬һСʩĴ඼Ǿ٣ÿʮ
гʹĬλʿ

ǻ˵ģΪٱȽ٣ÿ켸ǿ-鼸ʮΣʮģСĲʮꡣÿ춼˾̧ȥӵҪǵص-еĻᱻеľֱɱ

лȥˣ߳վȾͷĴǰ͸
ԶķðŹḷ́Ӳ֪Щʲô

ֳŴ̨±
Ҫ޴ɵۣ۰


ҹлݣûлػʿϢһֱڽߡ
֪ѹʱʲôӦֻȲĸ㡣

ˣлһᡣҹ˹
̧֣ץץлٵͷ

лסֵ֣ĹֱݣܵȾӶ񻯣ֻˡ
±ԤҪ侲ö࣬šһĿɨΧ

лҽԺ
±ۣˮβ䣬ûд޴֣΢΢ţѹſ

лٲȥı飬ʲôҲû˵
¿һۿҿ𣿡
ûµģκá

ƸһϾм𣿡
лٵ˵ͷںʮֻæһûˡ

㲻Ҫ
ţá

³֣һߣˡ
лҧŬԼʧء

ְ֡ŲԶС뿪ҲҪϾתסлٵ󣬡뿪ֻҪȥﶼУҲҪϾ
ЩǾ뿪

ҲҪȣھҪߣҰɣˡứ£ҲϾҪط
лǰ㣬§סļ磬㲻ġ

һġ§ס㣬߰ɡ
ãȥ취
лл㣬лл


̫⣬ûѰ̼
ôˣôȥ

ûһ취뿪𣿡
źҡͷҲΪվ̲ϣ͵Ҳǲܵģֻܵȡ

лüģͷʹ
׶Ƭ̣иܰ㡣
лٷ֣޴ţϵһ顣ʵ뵽ˣֲ뿪

ǸձٶչˣȥľҲͬò׺Ȼߵǰ£ҿ̺һСľ壬óһСйվɱƬһֱһЩðΣճȥģǲƬȥͼڸ﷢顣
л˹˼Ұȥ

֪ΪһйˣͬѣϿⲽѣ֪ԹԼձֹվıУӦûϾкܴ
ɾҰԸңؿʱձɡ

֪˭Ķ𣿡ѵ¶Щοı飬ĸǸнܵõİձΪ㡣

лٽȻһ¡
ã㲻ҪϾðյ¡
š

лҹߡ
ҽԺⲻԶձפţлٿǺһᣬջ¶ǡ

ҰӵϢ˹
û˿ԥӦлٵɵǣҪ뿪ϾҲҪġ

ҿɲٴˣлεؿ
ҰûжʣԣԴϣĺýá


һֱҽԺĲֿæһл˹ȥȻԶȴ١̫ͬ࣬лû취ˣֻ˽شѡ

갢磬˻ʿ뿪ȫ
۵ĵңͷԼ뿪ʱӣʢûл

Ƕʲôط
ǻ

лŷ˻㶣ҳһʯͷǽд¼֡
ã뾩һ°

лûȥ
ŵϾǣֳʮȥҵǵˣʬ塣

ȥ·ϣûйֳʹ
ãǶصİˣĳһ䣬ĬĬܶš



Ұ۵ĳߣҰ뿪˾ƵȫлٴŽºͰѾſڣͬеĻимߡ
Ұлٵһߣôˡ
л˵ҲߣһҪǰȫͳȥ

СҰüģϾȫ㲻ԣ˵Ļᣬ㲻ߣǣһҲ
лٿȺˣʱҪһǺѾ飬ԼһǼݣġ
Ұˣҡͷˣֻԣ

߿лٵĽǣҲˣ뿪οһˣ˵⻹ᱻ
Ҳ㣬°ɡ

ߣҪǸϽߡл٣ζ˵һҪȫȥˡ
лٵͷ

Ұֱϳɡ
лٷŽ棬Ҫϳһźӵĸ˿Ź

Ұ˾ǹ˺󡣡
Ұס¡

Ů˹ųлٹܴܲߣ
лٿҰСӲռطҿԱš

Ұͷ
лٸϽˣ˱źףؽǿһˣҼһ˶ʣˣ߽͵Ժָ£߳ȥҸ˼ңһˡ
лٸϽһúôİɡ
棬޵ƣлл㡣


˾һãֲ˵ʲôһ·ͨ裬ûձǣΨһһҪҰܾˡ

ӻʻϾǡ
лһֱڳδľ󡣹Щ˵ʬѳɽ

󿴹ȥƵĳǽżձƮձ졣
һ㱣ôãڻ뿪ˡ

кӺȻ˼źš

Ұͷ¶Ц⣬ȵˣȥЩ̣ȡ
лٵһۣûлӦ

ſڰϣһֱۣҲ֪ǻ˯Żǲˡ
ųͷỨ˴
ҧŴҿ޳ֻ룬⼸ʮУԼǶô˰







73.  73   طʱ

ͣڷ, Ұл³̸
ǶڳϣлٲжֻùԹ³

Ҫȥ
ѡ

Ϻ𣿡
ԡ

, ټ𣿡
лû

Ұ΢΢ͷ, ԽţڳϵļСʱѾΪ仰鸹, պͣٵ˵˳ҾҪȥɽˣܲ㹲ͣ
лڿļˣͷ

̫ˡҰЦֽ·, ԶķæԺ󣬾͵㡣
š

Ͽȥ, Ѱ, ҪҪң㣿
áлȥ, 򿪳ţ˵, ³ɡ

лͷҲص˳
ҰĿԶϲ, ˾Ժͷ, ٣ѾܾˣٿȥҪˡ
ƿ, 첽ȥţ洺˵߰ɡ


ۣϤ·ߣǵϺˣ
ԡ

Ҫȥ
һõסϢȻȥ

Ʋ˰ɣ
ͻһ仰лĿһ͡

ͲµˣƢԣᶪҲܣһҡֱۣһ޸֮
лһʱ֪˵ʲô

¿ļ磬ס֣ίˣΪտܵͷ
ûСлǰ鷢ҵȻҪȥФƵĸĸ
ҾͲȥˡǿӣġ

ͰõúϢһȻȥԷʲô
嵭ġ
áлٽִһᾡ
ƺǸӦлٵĵģģҲѰ̼ģǴӵˣòײһۣ·߷صܲߣܰȥһҪġ
л§һ𱨡

ٺЩȥӰɣһΣҪپܾˡ
лٵͷġ


ס£лٱ˳ȥФҡ
Фڴ˵СԼӴõšлٺܿҵסַȴſһƬ۵ѩҲδɨǾ˾ӡ

˺þ壬˻ӦҪȥű򿪡
ФĸƤվڣ̫࣬ǰûа׷ġ

ĸ
֮лٵĸ첲ԭ˫ʱ񣬼׷ʵϾ𣿴ǰסϾ
ǵġ
ϸŽȥϾˣѶȫޣ֪֪Ϣ
ĸǽȥ˵ɡ

ФŹȳ֮𣿡


ôģ˵ϾýģǷ𣿡Фĸ˫ֲţţǲвõϢ˵ѽ
ɣˣлʵĲ̣ⲢǿԳȥ£ձϾɱ˺ܶФƲˡ

ФĸһˡͲţҲŴˡ
лٷסڰ

Фؿڣû
ҲˣФĸһ˻˦л٣ҪԱߵײȥл§סţĸ˴ѣΣڵϦûˣƽϺϾȫûˣǻгǧսʿսФĻȹ֮־εľǹ̩񰲡ɽ飬տܽƣԼ˲ȿˣرء
ҵĶФĸ޵ƣ˵ϣʮ꣬ʮ

ФקФĸˣüͷл˵˾䣬ᣬط䡣
á

λ뿪лٴ·ͳģФٺӳվϾɱ¾ǿ-һЩƬϺûѣҲʶʲôˣ֪جٽº̣ܲϾкܶԴˮУÿ춼ѣҡ
Фֱ˹Ļ㲻ö˵ףңİɡ֣صŵһܣЩƬس

ܱǸ
ô˵ʵ֮ǰǾһЩţҲ׼ֻһֱϾ˶ˣ

ФĬƬ̣µأأҲ
»š
ǡ𣿡
һֻ¶ģûй
Ϻǣ
ǹʱ뿪

Фû̫࣬ԼܲµҪȥ³Զٱ㷹ɡ
ˣһ飬Ͳˣء¥ݿȥչ˺òĸ
УҾͲˡ

лȥ

Ƶʬ壿
Ѿˡ
ãáФͷ˰֣·㡣

߳ȥ뿪ʹĿ
һһġ


ҹˣ
ҰװһֱڷſڡֱţлҲûг֡

˾ٴδӳˡ
Ұ̧һֱʹۣ·ͷϸ˵ģҲʲô£ٵȵȡ

һҹ
ûеȵǸŮˡ


һʱ﷢˺ܶ¡
վϾıֱ²Žֹţݻս人ս®ɽսսһһ졣
غݡ

Ұ̣һʤըһֻ䡣ҰϢ꣬פϺվ˾

Ϻݺ󣬸ڶ-ԱǱΪҾռʣȡ鱨ԼɱͶյĹ--ҪԱ
շͳ£Ϻƽʵ򰵳ӿ

лٵ۵꿪ĸˡ
Źǿһ¥֣л͹ǡǿлٵȲţ˴СţſСҴƨɡ

ǿţСȴ˭˭迴ȥ׵ģʵõúܣǸձˣȻǴЦݣһ;ú¡
籧ǿлȥ¥֧ں˾䣺ȥ

δлٻشſڵ
ͷŽҰ΢΢ͷ

ð磬ɫæ𣿡
Ц𣺡æ

Ұӭл٣𣿡
šлСſڻͷ磬㲻ˣǵðãȥ
á

Ұţסͷϳ
лЦ˵˾䡰лл

Աߣл٣ôƯ
лһۣƽʱƯ
Ұ֣һֱƯֻǰһܾޡ
л΢Ц򳵴Ľ־

ȻҪޣСʱױĺȹӣÿΣҪȥˡ

ԨԴӽҰһǰϺֻһ棬ʽ
죬л˵иᣬȥҵļ˺Ѹʶ

ۼ˶ʿձиˣĻʿˣϺ̲е
ΪҰŮ飬״¶ģעλ¶ͷǵˣ۷׷ס

Ұ͸һлҲѧЩģȻʮĽû⡣
Ŀݶᶨɨÿһ䣬Ѱңȴ

ڡ
Ұ磡
Ұתȥ˴к֪ס˹Ů
ҿˣҪϺסЩʱ䣬ɵúú棡
һҰ˵ͷþò

˵Ķˣ𣿡

лϤ嶼סˣһֻľżһҲܶ
ĳ棬ΪԼѾ˳ֵ׼ڴʱǿƲסĲÿŵļˡ

Ұ˵΢е̫Ӱ졣

Ůٴ𣬡Ұ磬˺ܶŶ
Ұͷˣǽһˡ

Բˣסл٣ôôູǲ𣿡

лҡҡͷתԽˣ֪ǸĿƯϡ
˫ְڴɢĴɨţʧȥĹۣĺڱ¶һâ
ƣ䵽ϣʱסˡ

Ұǣл߽ҵŮѣл֮ҵã֮ǰģ֪

лٱ߰ͷ΢΢ӣá
֪ЦӯӯؿǰϾ˵Ұ˸Ůѣ۹ⲻŶ
лǣΪ׼̫ˣû취ҽ͸㡣
֪رסĸ첲ллɩӡ

Ұ֪󣬡λСõѡ
֪ͷ磬ѽʲô㶡

л֣ĶŴμ棬ա
˽֪ƿǰĿ⵭ؿûж

֪һ£磬ڸк
ع񣬹´ͳ֣סģðлС㡣





74.  74   

лӲ, ڸ
ڴɫעһֽͣȴղ

֪סĸ첲, ûƵ, пϣòײŰϾ, һǸϲϺЩӰɡֱ㣬קҰҰȰȰ, ҵĻ
Ұ֪æûкܶʱ棬Ҫ֡

硪֪ſ, ˫קҰֺҡ, һòײżһΡȻסл, 㣬˵䡣

лٲÿ, ֻǵЦһ¡
Ұĥû취Ժѵ֪żٹæĻ, ɡ

Ŀⲻʱشлɨ, ЦŴӦˣð
֪˵زþãҰ˵ã

Ұסļ, ֪עⳡϣô˿š
֪ͷҲŲ¡

˹Ǵк̸֪лٵȥš
߳߿лٵĶ䣬ĶƯ

ϲ㡣
ǽɣҵǰϾģһδ˵ժԼĶ

˻ϣл˵䡣
֪ӰóСӣҲá

лԶڽ̸ǡ
·Ϊֳ϶һ㣬ɿż磬ɢؿԵӣʿ̸Ц
˭뵽һǰǸưɽͷˡ

֪ͣβע⵽лĿתضŸ翴Цлһ£óϲҰ硣
лջĿ⣬ڵǸܺõˡ
Ȼˣ

㳯߿һۣлǣ֪˵س֣ҲϲϲöˣҼ˧ˡ֪֣̾ҷǳϲĸףԺǽˣһҪסһһġ֪ס֣ǧҪ˵ȥޡ
顭
һƲסӿǿŲʣЦŻӦá

̸֪ɢվҹȥ
ܵǰס֣Цӯӯ˵˼仰קȥˡ

Ұлߣʲô
лٽӹľƣúܿɰ
̫ЩҲ࣬Ǹĺӣϣ
ġ

Ұã˹˵˾仰
ȥ飬ңԺͻ
ȥɡ

Ұ¥ȥˡ
л˿ھƣɨĴ󲿷˽⡣¾ƱߣתƵƷǼ졣
ҼǸ첻żңûˣһʲôҪڹϱˣûûҹšãֻǮ򽻵ںˣ첻żң绰˵õȺֿܻ֣߶ְʲôʱؼңͷۣϷˡ
жԴӣһСԺôþͲˡ
ɲ˵̫̫ѹıƫֺãձ˻ֱ飬Ǳ߿ֱ˵ɫʱңŪȫҵԴģҿѽλãŶ׬Ǯְȫ

һһԶлУʲôõϢ뱻Ұ§ס
лԱһЦſæˣ
æС¡ҰҪҪ裿
ԡ

ǣлٵȺУǣס֣£ӣܸˡ
л̧ۿ첻ˣ
첻һ

Ȼ֪ЦлƳȥһֻۣſҪι㣬ƿ֡
Ұתţûж࿴

лٵĺȹԼģҹ˸ͨΣĳģȹ΢糤ɡ䣬һ񷭹ѪˣȺиۡ
㿿ӣ֪߶߶ĻȴؿӵӶڱ˻΢Цӡ
׵ָֻ

ѻ
͹˿ھơ

ҡţҰȻĶߣҵ÷һֱ㡣
лٳ㿴ȥպײϣعĿ⣬ҰЦɵýÿ

ҰؿҵģڳֻҶ࿴ۣ졣
ô
ȻҰ˫ƽټģЩУл֣ҲȥЦ˵ȥϴּ䡣
ҰεЦˣãȥɡ

лٴ˴֣ŽͷĸͰϣź㿴ʱֻԼܲķӿ

ţűߵ졣
ˡ

ͣ£һִͷ
л̧ǺӰѾǵصѹ

ʱվԼǰĺ㡣
ƵĿռ˼òһ

ʲôҲû˵һֻסĺһֻĺ󾱣ؿĺ촽
лٱǵûɿ֮ʣͮͮ죬մԼĿں죬̿¶ݣͱָס졣

лٳ֣Сóһ˿ΪȥߵĿں졣
˲ԼͬسĬöоñ黰

˽ݸˮ
лöͷײһ£Ц

סͷ¶˳ŤŤֵͷٵһڡ
лٻסĲӣӦһĳǡ

ãǲŲɿԷ
㿴֪ĶСȡ飬ӽͰ

ڵŮ뿪ˡ
лͳں죬˿дһַֻһۣͷ
ǣ˿ӽͰˮһߡ

Ƭ̣Բ뿪
סĵᣬüǳ壬ʾȵĲлٸ֣ż⣬Ķ䣬ѹʣÿ𣿡

ȵϢɢ§ľѣ̰ᣬԵĵطⱡĲѱ˺ϡ顣
ʱˣлƿ㣬İ׳ʾԼߡ

ŸҪȥֱ˻
İͷں죬ָСΪͿĨϣĶǣ뿪

лͷ˼ӲųȥվھǰԼ촽Ц¡ֵĺӣͿں컹ͦϸµġ
ͷٴϴ˰֣߳ϴּ䡣

֪ڵ٣Ҷ
Ұ㱳ǽվţлٳ߹ȥվҰࡣ˳ǣס֣ƫͷȥ˵㲻ڵʱܶ˸ҿƯ
лٵ۹⡣

ҰһԴɭɭҳһ¡
Ұ㣬ôˣ

㲻𣬵ϸ̣ǰͷˡ

Ұɿл٣ҳȥһ¡
ȥɡ


һߣֱŻ
֪л߶һձ飬ͷۡ

Ұлͻ˼ңһֱл٣Ķһӵͬ⡣

ߺлپһֱš
ûţҲŽҲǰӴ

¥µÿһ˿﷭һ
һҹûг֡

лٻδ˯ţⲻЩ߰顣
ʲô£߲
ֿ֪

뵽ԼƲסسԴף˴׸Ƶģᵽ⣬̫ˡ


Ժ˯˰磬Ұȥ緹һĻĺúͺ㡣
лɫ̫ãǿױڣסֳҹߵѿ

֪Ѿ˰ᡣ
лٸҰ£Աһһϲˡ

ϣ˸˼¡
;Ұȥһˡл鲻ãµֻ˵仰Ȼθ𣿡
ûС̧Ŷĺ㣬ƽƽ̫θˡ

û˯ã
õĺܡ

û˯á
лٺȻЩߡ

֪ƺ㣬磬ǲҪ˵й
бһۣ˵ͶԵ㡣
֪죬ҪҪһ졣

Ұصᣬʲô
Ұ磬ҾҲҪȥѧһй
ҰԸоȣҵþȻѧϰˡ
֪죬Ƕ˵ֻллá
һһлһҲһֱͷԷȻиĽţлƤ۶µĺ㣬ҪȴֻŽסѲ

лԶʧԼһֻһ¡
˵һĵӡ

ͬʱǡ
ôˣ

µ֫
غ˿û£ȳСһ¡

лٹ˿ǴСŸҰǵ˵˾䣺Ե㡣
лл

֪ҧſЦ磬㿴
㶢л٣Цһţ





75.  75   ׷

ʲôʱ飿
Ұպһ, 㱻ǺţתȥŲȫͨ, ֪, ˵

֪лһֿۣظ, ǲ𣿡
Ժ˵硣Ұлپͻתƻ⣬, ȥ

ĮȻרעڳԷûƻ
Ұ飺һȥӰɡ

ҪҪ֪ܾ˿ӰǿӰ, ȥ˺ü, ʲôÿģ̫ûȤˡ
Ұʣ˵ʲô

֪, ȥɣ
лֶһ£ִٵƳۺ, ÿӴһֻϺϺͷˡ

ɩ, 𣿡
δлٻش, Ϻĺ˾죬һûû飬ʲôɩӡ

ҰεЦЦ˵Ķ, ǽнɡ
ðɣǽ㣬𣿡
ᡣ

ҰЩϲû
лٵܶûˡ

֪֣ǾȥɣرеĻ㡣
Ұлȥû£
û£ȥ

޳һС̰׻۵Ϻʣݸ֪ԡ
֪ƤذһۣˣҶϺ
ޣǸջСӣ´βˡ
֪§סĸ첲ιһı⣬ûϵ

ȥƷζʢϺʵСƵ棬ĵ˵˾䣺ͻȻˣлС㳢һֱûˣζǲġ

л̧ۿ
ƤЦģܲҲɣ
лٽСƸҰֻҲϺ
Ұ˹ллҾͲˡ
л治ɫصл÷򡣡

Ұ֮ƣܾе㲻ԣȴ˵֣лл
㱳ϣֱߵ죬ϣҳԱˡ

֪˿ڱ⣬Ȳվ߰ɡ
ҰûԺá

֪Ƶקȥ·ЩԵľͺˣѾˣûжʱ
ҰסӲקúã߰ɡ

лٷ¿ӣ㶢Լ΢΢üңʣԱ𣿡
ˡ

վָϻ̾ȥඡ


֪ȥ˵ˮϡ
ҰסʵĿ
Ҳɽ´ȥ

ͣ
ôˣ


ҵ
š

Ұͣ·ߣ˽λٵ˸ͷȥˡ

Ϻ·ɣ
⣬ұ졣

Ϻ
¡

֪л˵㻹֪ɣĸйˣǰйأΪһЩԭй˶ʮ꣬ǰŻصձ
л˳Ļ´ѹ˵ôá

㿴ۺӾǣеԶ˯һᡣ
лٱ㿪Ŀ⡣

㿪Զһ·ҲȫϤ˳;ˣҵط
ȫ˯ˣһֱźӾлٵ˯գĽδܸԼǳҹδߡ

³ᣬ鵽̣Ұѹ
ͽ̣ӭ˹ȥ


ȻطƫǺܴ󣬻һƬҰ
ë˾䣺ǰҲƥִ˧
лٴۣСڡ

֪ڴϥ̧ͷ
ûˡڣؿӸµؿһȺߣͱˡ
֪죬ôҡ

ҰлҪ㲻û𣿡
á

ҪлѾؿôſɵ¿㣬ܷ㣬мǣʲôҲû˵Զˡ
֪ñӣۣܻѽ

Цת򣬡㡣
֪û׼ã㼲۶ȥæУGȵң

ҰѰ·ϣݡ
ܿ׷л١

лٿûһۣǽϾǵ÷ָʤƵģӱˡ
ȴһҲӮԱߣʱӵ񣬿Ż´Ϣûȥ

лͲˣЦٹ˸䣬˦Щ롣
Ӧ죬׷˵
ûʲô˵ġ

һۣѾԶֻΪС㣬л٣Ӱģ
š

㲻ʺ
ô֪ҲʺϡлЦƳһۣƲˡ

Ѩô򵥡
ԣҲԡ

ǹӳһ𣬻飿ҪĸǲҲˣ
㲻ҲŮӳһ𡣡

ˣԲ˿㲻У
лٲˡ

קסĸ첲л±˦µȻ٣Ĳȣ͵෽ȥ
Ѹ§סһһֱӹ㽫§ڻУסͷڵϷȦڲݵûĵ

ݴס˵壬ĺ󾱣𣿡
лٵͷۡ

ۣ
ۡ

Ϊʲôԣ
ţ
ûĽͣҪлٱ㿪ˡ
ȥ㡣ûʱ죬գ

лٵϵͲݣ㻹ðɣ
ֱ۹γӡ£Ƥ񡣡

Ұ˹˺˵ӣôˣ
лٹŸ첲߹ȥˣˤ
ҰϽͷżһ˵ûУ
û¡

Ĩ˰ͷԶȥǣƥ֪ƸԹǣ̫ˣôˣ֮㣬㻹˵㲻ᣡôáˣϽӭȥ·ôˣˤˣô죡ˤô죡
ûʲôСˡ㰴֣ҰȦ
ҿ׷㡣
ԡ


С磬ֺֽ֪ۣͣ˸طϿ鲼ʼԶ

ݵϳ˺Щ۵Ұɫġɫġɫġɫģÿ
֪۵ſڵϣ߳Ե߻ȣ磬ұɡ

öƽſգᡣ
ƭˡ֪˵žͳȥġ

ҪſϣѸ̧ۣԼסȣҡ
ұ໨֪ժ˶С׻ǰΣ㿴ÿ磬硪㿴һۣ

ˡ
㲻ֳ˵㻨ݿʼ

֪ݵߡ
ŤһȥҶˡ

Ұȥˮδ飬лٶһߣǵĶԻƻ
ܿһֽӵ֪ͷϣ֣ȥ
ǳܣǳѿģٳ֪ϲ

֪л٣ÿ𣿡
Ư

͵лһֻۣĿתضǼªĻڲסЦ⡣
ӣӸл١

лȵؽס˼룬˵˾лл
ûлӦŲĿ⣬գ˫

ҰˮˣлԱߣΪšƿǣȵˮ
лл

֪ҫͷϵĻ쿴ҵĻ
ҰһӲݣΥĵÿ

֪ϲſԱߣסıӣ˯ȵˮ
㵲֣˸ǣң

лٱ߰ӱЦҰ˿ģҲĻôϲ
лٵͷѽرϲ

Ժ󾭳
á

Ǳ߿һƬƯĻֲժҰҴȥ
л٣С뿪

ۣĿβǣ֪ǹһͷصһ䣬𳳡
֪Ʋ죬ļ򣬡ô׸ʲô

ڵ뿪֪ȥȥ
ˣ׷Ҳ׷ˡ


ǿȥ
һֱޱؿǰ·ȥࡣ

ˣȻͣ
ôˣҰʡ

Ҳ·ˡ
ҰĴ˿ǰŴŵģԼ򶼱治ˣǾٿȥ취
ҲҲ


һۣл˵֪𣿡
ǡ

δ˵꣬ȶҰλãָ·
Ұȥǰɡ
á
лٸȣһŲţֱǰ塣

㡣
ζЦЦǻð

һСᣬҰʣϵ·𣿡
Ӧ

Ǿͺãҹˣ㿪


ͷ͸ˡ
ܣлٿųȦĿ֪ʲô

ÿ˯ˣһۣ쳤ץסлٵ֡
ָȥǺȻѹƿ֡

ȻչգʾԼһڡ
лָͷҡҡͷ

㵥ỵ̂бҪл
ȥ˸ͣˣ

лûлشȥקסѩ׵ɴǡ
͵͵ЦڴͳСǰ
һöݱĽָ

ȻϸСȴµĲһ֮֡
øá˹Լָϣ

һۣĴָ촽
лֵؿ

ջ֣Լֲָض˵˾䣬
ѹˡ





76.  76   ˶

ԭȰͻؼ, л٣Ұ·ˣֻþͽȰлͻȥ
ͣڹԢ·, ڼʻ, ָỵ̂ʱ⿴һۡ

֪˵Щʲô, СӣЦǽһġ
ȣͷسǺһˡ

ҰЦŶлٵǼ, Ϣ
á
˻ָûǣûӵָͷû, , ŲʻϣҰꡣ

³, ֪˹̸קס, 磬סˣȥסɡ
Ҫƿ, ֪ô, űסĲӲţһסﻹΣգ˵Ϻкܶ࿹յĵ֯
һעġӲ, سˡ

֪˵
ҰĹĵӣҲȰ֪˵ĶԣҪȥסɣкܶͷ
ҵûʲôǸŮӣӰ첻áϸ̣ۿ֪ҡ
֪Ŵæģ

߽Щ⳯˿̣֪Ǻؿ˷ǰذɣҽȥˡ
֪̱̾ȥǺðɣ
㳤¿̣Ұ֣㿪
á

ˡ
Ƶߣŵһֹ֪Щ߰ɳ׼ʱ䣬Լǲൽˣųȥ

ԴǿǺϢ
ԢڵϹлţѴ죬Ͼƿ;Ʊɳϵȴ

ƾûøлٰɳϣƤصţ˯
ۣƣؿźڳ컨壬ȵؽǰѹơȻȥ˸衣

ҹﺮһ˯ȹסлٶŵ̨˯ϣתһִֻ˹Ѹ㿪һУ㱻ǽϡ

۰
нԶյĴȣȼû
ٲҾҪȥˡЦ䲻⣬Ⱦ-߹ȥнϥǣݵסлٱסĸ첲̧ȣͼסĲӣšڵأҪһ㱧סȣ򰡣
лһȭ˹ЦŶ㿪ڼͷڡ˯ۻڱ䣬Ҳӭͷůķ磬ͷҵعš

ϴһؿıϣ𣿡
лٵֱסѣÿԻָ˹ʵĸˡ

㱻ץңҪɿлһƵ󣬷ϽסĲӣ㱻еԺ˫䡣
л֣Ц§סļ磬Ӯˡ

㽫קǰţ͵Ϯҡ
ɱ˵ʱ˭滹͵ϮҪǽ

ϴ衣˿ͷ㡣
лٵֿһû㻰أǸʱһ͵͵ȥˣ

֪ЦŲ˲ͷҡ
㡣лסվϣǸСֵܣ𣿡

㲻ش⣬ȥȱ𣬺ڿգл㵹ϣ˳§סĲӡ
п˵

лֲ-ͷھпա
ûա㱧̨߳ҪŵɳϣлٲסţһסиСӣҴϾġ

ɨһۣΨһŵķ䣬һ䣿
š

ֱߣýŴš
˵һ

С㡣
Цſϣ⿪¿ۣҪС㡣

лϵζûϴ衣
ˣ
šлסӣ⳰ЦóŶ
²ϴûӳ㳶֣ÿ

лֱ̯ۣϾʱǺںģϲ֡ߺ޽Ӷ
˴˶š
á

󱳵һ̣ת°̣ôģ
ϸ´ɱһ飬ˡ

㿴һı𣿡
лڱ˿ͲˣɱôһʣܾʹܻΪοøӿɬһʱ䣬Ȼкöߣʶÿһˣ·ÿһԹÿһǡÿһơ

סһۣرۣˡ
ִƵߣظͷԲ𡣡


һףҰ͵һ
÷꼾ǺԤ׵

ȫޣüġ
˯ˣɴ˱ơվڴǰŲµѵˮ緹˵Ļ

ʲôʱ顣
ΣǺ¡

ϲл٣ʮݸ顣ʱԱģֿ־˼ϵչԼݵܡ
һڹеľƣøѹˡ


лûҿƣ°ҹŷ¶ĵƹ⡣
żһ磬ӵˡ

лſָ׹ĺᣬһ˯Ů
˯


һ

лʲôģ
رƯ
Ŷ

Դˣ
ţᡣ

·Ҳ
лЦ

Ƣе󣬽컹һţڶۡ
ûôġ
浶ǹ룬һǰͱֽģһͻˡ

лסĺᣬأ
аϲҵĲӡЦ𣿡

лƿ֣ͦüǣԭѽ
Ȼأϣƣһ£˵㣬˭˯㣬˯ʮʮҹС

ô
ûʶ𣿡

ˣԲá
Ǻð죬һӡ

Ҫ£лֳס㲻𣿡
ͣ¶§˵˵˵Ҳʡ

лٺȻҺйΡ
գۣš

ʲô
ǲȻô죿ɱ㻹ɱ

лٿı飬ȻЦˣˣ
üƭҡδ䣬ͿʼлٱץʧЦҧס߿֡

ѹ£лٰסؿڣûꡣ
ġ

磬˵˵
ɵԱȥðɣʰɡ

лٳĬؿˣˡ
бôˣ
Ųµõ
˵˵

ûʲô˵ģ޷ǾǴѲĳطЩҵСվڲû´ĻӦһֱϾ
뿪һΣȥ˶

ڵ㿴𣿡
ˣΪǸǼ뿪ģ֪һձˣû뵽ôСƫƫҵĹӡ

翴ǲŵˣ
ԡ̹Ȼϣָֺ¡

֪μᣬҲǣֺ¡Ϻ֮ǰҰϢѾ˽ʮ͸ʱϼһļϸд˸ϵе˵Ϣ㣬ʱҲȷ㻹š

ʲôʱ򣿡
ǰ

㲻ң
֯мɡ

˵ܲ˾ô뵳ˣ
лٳĬƬ̣Σƽȴᶨ΢΢Ц̤Ͼǿҵֻڹҡ

ƫأЦŻգȰˡ
ںöŮ飬˵ʱ顣л泯۾ˡ

ѣֲٿ⡣ۣļͷи˶˵֪Сֵ֣ݣҩֵսʿǵѪɷ죬ս¾һһϦ֮£ҲҪһսȡ壬ҪʡӵսͼĹȥСձĵ̴꣬ܲҪҡٿҲûӵ죬㹦ٺã̹ըķǡսɱٹӣһӪһŻһʦļֵɱУһõ鱨ԶȵһٸáҪηսʿһǰͺΪѪԳΪѪǸˡռ˵Щʱߵģ˿Ƶģ̾Ҳ⣬ϧûܼһ档

𣿡
ߵ죬ûʲôڵġǰһľսȥǰߣֺܶ¶Ϊģڵк󣬺ôһֵ㷭˸Ҫһҹ𣿡
ð

ֻ绨ѩ¡
ǲͬӪģҪǱҺ㹶ңҪֵġ

ַֿȣ͸¶Ϣ
ţ

и½ľ⣬ͩʯǵȥըǵʵҪʮʮˡ
ʲôǵʵ

ҪǶģ͹ˡ
лЦšסĸ첲

۰֨


ŻȥС̯㡣
¥Ϳ֪ɳϡ

µ߹ȥô
֪ۣĿβһƽɰĿôȥˣûҾˡ

緹
֪߹ȥ˫ͨ죬ʵһҹûʲôȥˣ

ƿûʲô
ƭңҪСȥ졣ҡҪҰְ֡

ͷۡ
û졣̫Ѩڵܲȥˡ
ܲһҹ
š

ҹܲʲô
岻̫Уһ¡ˮϴ˰ѱ˯ˡ

ǲȥŮˣ
㲻

˵ϺмҺܴĸͼԺ֪߬ı㲻ǡ
ûСĻرӣԼ˸ʵ˶

ģ
ġ

㷢ģ
ġ





77.  77   

л˸õΡ
, սʤˣҸŵƽ, ֯, Ⱥ鶦УССӻȸԾ, أ˸ߺлꡱ

ʱûбĳ˸˵ξˡ
лٱͷղס΢Цĺһֱ˺ܾãԼȷ, ڽջ棬ջӭأ, Լδܵһ, ɻһ´
ѵ, βһڵϵ˯ȹʰϣŽ´, ش

Ǹлٴ󿪴͸磬ſڴҺĶ̷Ұ, Բ
ʱſڴ, ʱڵϣ̺ϸ˸飬̷ڴ߿ķ˿, սһʵΡٲᣬǵӵֽӽͰȥϴˡ

ԴӽҰлٳҲϰ̶ЩҰ͹ȥ·꣬˼֧Ͱ׾ա
˾˶ʶклֱҰ칫ңͷڻ㱨ſڵȴ
ûȫսɳȼۡ˶ӣлٲҾΪӣվԶĵطͷ뿪Ž

Ұһûӭϵļպãӵұ߳룬Կ׷ŽԼڴüЦ߹ĻƯ
һǻ
ƯҰЦŻش𣬸շ»ȲתĺӣʲôóԵģ
лٽľзڲ輸ϣһһȡ̶⣬̶ʢȣЩ

Ұ£ӹ̶Сһڡ
㲻ϲ̫Ҿٷ˵ǣ᲻̫
ոպáҰһֶ룬һǣסǳúȣлл㡣
ϲͺáлƿһ̶Ƶߣ

䣬ȻŶ룬Ŷûãлʺãûһǲúô·ԶϵеĿۣҲǲԳƵҾʱ˿ﻹ˸ǩһϣлСҲڡ
лֱЦһ¡

Ұ룬֪ûиһ𣿡
ȥѶˡ

ȥѶʲô
뿴ߵ輸棬ʲôöأϵĳʳЦŽǩƵҲ࣬ȫ̡

Ұʾ£֮ġ
ҿɲԡɳϣȣ˫ְִϣڵؿŶˣҰ˵Ե㣬˼ҵ⡣

Ұ̶ֶлվһԣѽ
лԱߣȻ˸С
Ұĵû˯𣿡
ͦõġ

ĺȦûӡ
Ҿ˯ˣǽˣ̶ҪǰϣڼҴɨһ硣
ˣԺЩȥͺã÷
ϲ

˵Ϲһ׽һס
ǩͶͰζǣҿɫ󣬾аǲһǰҰ
л٣

ߵš
Ұ¸㣬ɤӣ
飬٣عܲش㱨

ҵҡ
ǡ

ҰͣҰɣҳȥһˣϻ
˵ȥɡ

ҰϰԵؽŹϡ
˶һۣҪ˵лʾҪڡָָԶףʾˣҪȥ§
лƿָţúȥſţ漴ԶĹӡ

Ȼ˼ɳϣյؿлٴͷȡ¸ϸϸķһٵȡļȹȡ΢ļա

һϵжվڵǰεƿ･ήĻ-˽ȥ
ϸĶÿ˵ĽŲͬȺ·Ůˣһˡܿ죬Ұˣл٣ġӣлļŽӣæȥ

Ƥѥףףס
ˡ

ȳߵſڣųȥסҪսҰϴּģ
Ұָ󣬡ֱߣͷա
ÿ·ɢˣá

Ұսлڲ廨ߵָⴥ˴Ҷû㻨ʱҡ
С飬üƽϡл輸ǰ£㹤æҿɣܶҲƵġ

Ҽ˰㡣
Ҳϲ˶֪࣬ġ

ҰԭλǺðɣҲҪ̫ϵˣȱǮ˵͵ǲ
ţá

㲻ˣ
ûа

Ұ͵ûдͳ˼룬֪㲻ǸڴڼӵŮˣҵֵ֧ģֻ̫ۡ
֪лǣ԰ɣ꣬ú۵ġ

áҰȹʣµİ롣
յػλͷһڸɵģȣǺš

Ұȥһ̶ó룬ּ˿̶⣬߾׽ߵͷ̫֮ˡ
ĵתűʼܣĽиôͻݵŮѡ

ҰЦ֪ԺˣѧŸ
˫֣±

˵ʲô֪Žԣһ̶⣬ÿ
֮ġҰЦЦϣѧѧԺԡ

ҲҪȥͺ֪ҧһڣóԣ
ϲһͷ㣬ԡ

ѽ֪ס㣬ǽȥɣò֪ʲô
硣

Ұ˵лϰҪߣȻصˣϵǹߵɡ
Ұվ㡣
ãæɡ

ɽȥ
ĲãҸưˣҲԶ

ðɣ·㣬˸Ҵ绰
á

лٵſڣȵ
֪Цǿֵˡ

ڿлٴĻ۵ģϡǵãɫ
γڹϣתҰƿϲˡ


˰磬иˣұСԱ˵¹⣬ƽʱлٴ۵꣬ЩˡͻȻ

˿̵пˣдлٴк¥ˣװװ¥ұ˵Ȼ·͵һãϸ͹ȥ
á

лۻȥϰİ˵ҪǰؼңˣŹǿڵ˯
á

Կ΢Ц˼뿪ʲôҪͺá
õĺõġ


лȥ˲гЩʳĻ
ߵ㣬׼ʱˡ

лǽҪˮҰ˵ȥæһ㡣
鷳ˡ

֪ڿŵĻ͸ְڼ
վڴڳ̣ʱҹڴ˲̲࣬סЦ¡

ҰлٶŲȥɫζȫЩǱˣĲǺܺãǳ
֪̾ˣŸû𡣡

Цź˿ھƣһûѧ˲ٻɻٶ࣬һ
ţлٶŸ

ҰϽӹ¡
㿴ȥ׻ƮżƬҶʱʲôĸּŨζ

ûˣ˵档
֪˵ҾͲҪˣҼʣԵ˾ͺá
áлٸҰ˰룬

һμҺϲҰ˿ڳ£
ϲͶԵ㡣лٿ㣬Ҫ𣿡
Ҫ㵥ִϣӴ棬ҷ󣬶㡣

лʢһݸ
˫ֽ£лл


Ȳسһڣ̴ٵЦһ£Ϥζ
ҲǴǰǸӣھͳһ档

лûпﻹС
á

֪º㣬ѽôóԵĲˡ
š






78.  78   ͣ

˶ԼϵĿе, ҰĿҲʱʱƳԼۡ

㲻ϲڵķ͡΢ǰ΢з, Ժ̳һŻ, ǱȽʱ˵ġÿǺÿǿ, ŨױĨʱ򣬹ǰһľǲһͷȻ

, һƬڰͣˡ
֪ȻУôˣ
ͣˣ𶯣ȥ򡣡лٵ, ȥҳ嵽̨ϡ

Ұٳٲ, ҲҪҪæ
á

Լ¹⣬㿴һ̨, һڳҷţ˳Ҳˡ
лһ߷䵹, һʣǴߴ𣿡

Ұ㣬˰ɣ
ȻЦŴӿڴͳ, ߹ȥ

лһתͿŸԼǰ, ıܿӰȫ˵ߵס˫䡢ᣬظĿŵйصİ⡣̧, һס̨һֽϡ

Ϊʲôϲ͵顣
лٶָ˵ְסԼģš񡢶ݡһԵĽ-ɸУȶʱĺʹ졣

ĿƲסȴҪȻ˵䡰лл

ϣ
ɿµ߻ȥ£˾䣺糧

лٸҰӹ̨СķŵߣҴ绰ô¡
лٵȥˣһͺˡ
֪ѽ͡

ͳ̺УһŽ̨Ļ̡
лٿŹӰӣ۾ʹţӰٿȥб˷֡

ֱỺ³̣վȥ
֪Ҳ¿ӣ˸θҳԱóԣԺ޽Ǽңҿпڸˡ
ҰЦ˵ȼ޳ȥء
ǸҪץѽ


лʰȥҰȥæྴ͸Ӷ˵һлл
֪ɳϢŪ³

¥ºȻǹ죬֪ŵһ³ҵϡ
ҰæȥվԣͷȥֻԶˣعܶӵˣӦץշӡ

֪קǲҪվڴڣΣաϴ˽Ұ磬绰ǡ
ɳϣһӣ档

лٴӳ֪˵ĶԣµⱣҲ֣ǼԺŻСĵ㡣
䣬ԶִǹлӸҰ֣ȥ绰ɣɽǡ
á

Ұȥ˸̵ĵ绰ڵɽʱĸεڿ޻˵
лʵҪҪԵˮ
Ҫ֪ٳҵθҪˡںϣĵʵ֮㣬ƽʱʲô
·ż飬㻭

ửѽ
Ұ֮Ǹʦ
лٵʲôʦ

֪ǽϵĻŻ㻭𣿡
л˳߿ȥһѻġ

֪źȣ濴л٣ЦʵѻŮѰ
еģһѡ

ǹϵܺඣ
š

֪ҰҪԴ
֪˵

̧һȣߵ֪ɣסϥǣʣҲϺ𣿡
ˡ

ˣôģ
Ͼġ

ĵ˳Ǳǵɱˡ
Ұ̸Ͼ飬˵ˡ

ʲô˵ġ֪ͷᣬ֪֪ɣǵľϾʲô
֪ƽɹź°ͣʲô

Ұüͷ
ɱӣѪɺӣһٶˣû͵Ӥ
û͵Ӥ

̵иĶӣһ壬ˡ
֪룬ʿףÿֲ
Ұձαߣ˵ˡ

Ծɲ֪˫ЦŵƯҲܲң-飬ҪŰɱ-ƿӣ
Ұվ

㿴֪㶵ģ̯ұ۴ɳϣ˵ˡ
ҵһ˵£ǵľô𣿡
簡ȥϾʰһ³ŪţӦú

𣿡֪硣
ҰǲڸǵУձĳ裬ʲôã֪

лһֱĬţЩ鲻ûȥݣѪڽһ

¥гͣ¡
Ұץݰ㣬첽ڿһۣɽµˣʱ䲻ˣǸˡ

ɲ³һԣ֪˳Ʊסĸ첲Һú¡
ʲô

˵Щ
ЦһҪҪƬ㿴
Ҫ֪С˵ؽԣҲŲҪ

Զͷлٵлټ
ߡ

ҰߵſڣȻǶ˵ȥ˵仰
ֲſڴˣ㡣

¥Ұл˵Բ˲˵¡
ȥˡ

Ұɫģˣ
Ⱑ


㲻һлӣҪˣҼȻһ𣬾Ѿ˹ȥ£Ҳˡ
ҰϽ̧ӲЦãˡ

ڶȻˡ
лĵЦ£ҺۣϢ
ˡҰǣ֣ģԺ³һ۵ġ
֪ˡ£ǵȼˣӻܳ˵
ˡ
š

Ұ߳ȥۻŵʵӵһ𣿡
ԡ

Ұ§סһõġ
лϣȥˡ

ҰɿЦ£Ϣ
á

ҰһͷЦ


¥лš
ǰɫֱس·Ϊ̫أſӵڵϣ䵽ǽߡ
ҧ·ӽͰ߽ˮͷʹشԼ֡·صһĺҹϴĺɫɫ
죬
졭


㲻ϺôΪһʱ˽Ͼ¡
лȥ㣬鱨Żؼҡű꣬·ûʲôˣһڣ˶ɫñӣٵţǰĳƺȻ̵סۡ
ֻһ˲ǰعڰ

лٶȥһĺӰϳǺ㡣
תߣһ·

˸ƫƧĵطлͣ
ͣ

ñܣתߵʻյɡ˽ȥʲô
ˡ
¼鲻֣
ôܽм顣¿̣а顣

лεЦˣֻƬﶺԼץס֣㷴סʮָۣĬؿ꾰
Ȼ㿪ӣȥɡ
š

ϻϾ
á

˵𣿡
һ𲻰ȫǷֿȽϺá

㾲ĬƬ̣ЦŸпӣôСӶصģ˶ϲͻݣֻĵġ
Ϊʲô֣
Ҳһ

лٲ泯ʱΪʲôϲң
ˡ


ǣûлش

лٸСû˸Ҵҡ
˼룬Цǵһء

һע⣬ʲôʱʼϲһ治ȷҲץʱҲܵʱ򡣡Ƴһۣأ
ӦҪҵʱ򡣡

ս֣˲ٿࡣ
ྡʡˡлٿͷ꣬˵ǻ̩ܿ񰲵ʱ𣿡
ġ

һֱֲỵ̂סլͲȥˡ
лɡȥ𣿡

zuo
лٸЦֶԡ
ɿ֣ȥˡ

ˡ
ȥɡ

лٴ򿪳ţſɡ뿪߲ԶĽŲ˵ػͷ̧ɡú𣿡
û¡

û¸ʲô
ٿһۡ

л§ס˽ɡ
Դð

л̧ģ
ġ

ƶлٵЩˡ
ıӣԺ¾ǰȹӣǲ뵱ӱʱߵһҪܻ

лֽǰΪѾĹˣҲǡŬȰοԼۣ˽һҲûʲôɡ
˵ɽկͻֱ뿪ڷðΣŻμұ𡣡

лʱ꣬׻£ҡ
̾ϢһΪǹˣûСӡ

ƿһڣˣء
ҲǡлҲѧıӣӪûңȴܹǣǸ˳һȥɽ
С˵ɡ⡣

лٿͷʪĲ
һȥ²ˡ

лЦҴϰ
ҲĨ˰ͷҲص뿪ˡ

лٿıӰһᡣųٴԹȥһʧĻС

ϵطַֺϺϣˣԱϰߡ
ɡ⣬һѱ꣬صС

лٸҪţһֻסűߡ
Ͻţ˲ֱӽᱧȻڿգл§סĲӣǲˣ

ˡ


ЦŽ䣬ʪ˴̣
Ǿɡ





79.  79   ô

µĺը, վܵɱձָּϾᾭ򣬶ԵĹҵ, ǲռʶϾľýмලơͨзʡ˰, Ͼйҵѹ֬, ѹեйͶαӿ֧ͬʱֲҵ빫˽еȣʹϾΪձõĸӹһϵпͻĿ, ϾȶҵҲε𽥸ա

˰ֵܾ֣Դ㱨˼µ˰ĿӦߡǰһֻ˿ȸ֣ԴҲû, һԹԵ˵һͨ, λùʵĵУϰˡ
·־Ա, ˰Աλ˰λ, 
١
١

̧һۣ˵ˣ
֣Դվ΢ͷְѻ㱨ϡ

, ֪ˡһ, ſڶ񣬰Σֿ֣Դʲô£

ûСͷ˫ֳһļ, ְԱ볤ٹĿ
ĵɨļǰɡ
ǡ

֣ԴСķźã˺й˰͡
Ļ֪ˣȥɡ
ǡ

֣ԴĬĬ˳ȥûˣ߱죬ķķѾ

Ųֱֹʱ˸ɫڵ˰ԽԽϿˣĿӶ࣬Ӵ󣬼˱̬ĳ̶ȡ

㿴ûĽ˿ȸʱ򻹻ģѾԴһ̾˿ԼҲûʲô޷Լ󣬸Σա

ţֱϹŲñһƻƵСԴС£תƾҲš


ӵڣҡҡڣҵڣವط졣
ٱץˡ

ԶȥĽ˿ȸɨ¥µŮͬ£ŮͬҲڿ񡣺㿿Ŵ٬س˸ڡŮͬµȥٽ칫¥
Цһӣ·š


ǰգձйǲ˾ϾβپҪԱǰڶʱþۻȾƣһȺһƬ׳Ҫ鱨Ͼվɻ÷ˮ
ϣ뼸ѡԷһ߸ˣĸйˣαάȺ۲۵Ĵ󺺼顣һǴ¾ģʶȡ
Ϊžãܶ߹ٶͽ·Ĳиףεĳ̾һֱźģͣؾƣκκ̫ãԼȶˡ

ɢؼҡ
̾Ըź㣬Ҫȥοҹ
ҡҡλεָų̾ЦСǡŮѵģｫİŮ

֣̾ôߣҵҲڱƽá
סļ򣬡ǳȥ
̾ٺٵЦҲǾżż

ûиȥοͽȥһݻᣬҪдúġ
ƺ׻һҸͷûȺ䡣дԼ˵һ£. | иµѱˣһҪϺ˵Ϻվץµ˴ǰҲǴϾһҪ鱨ߡ

ʱеڴЪ¡
̾ΪԲûȥοϾŮиĸסǣʶؾϸѡһǳƯձŮ͸

һֱ飬лٳʲô£Ҫ·ȥһźͷŮӱ˽
ͣ¶վڷӸµؿŹڵϵŮˣʲô֣
ӡ


΢ЦһӢӣҲǺܿĵġĿﲨһߵس鲽ҪǰȻסĲӣֱӰȥ
ۣ

ӻʧɫͷڵϣҡʲô
û㵹ϱƣ˰뱭ʣµİ뱭ͷϡ

ŵֱ¡

ʶ𣿡
ֱҡͷ

ѹЦĳֵϱƣԱ߹ŵԼ·ߺȾƱ߹ȥϳƤ
͵ƳһۣЩԣвãûӹͣȴҲ˵һЩ˵ֶΣֻһֱ˳û뵽ֵùҲԼͷϡ

ûҵðɡ
˦ƤëȻ

һһ¡
ӱһ⣬ͷĹҰĹҰɡ

˵ͷװأֽƱӵȥĵ̺ϣ¡¡ǽߡ
ŵ˫綼ڲ

̾Ϣһһû֣ʲôޡ
ԣסһҳˡ

ȥɡ
ΪԼˣ̧ͷֵͷлллл
µתæ뿪ûſڣһɭɭ
ȵȡ

δӦžһƤ˦ڱϣֱӳǰſȥͷײϣʱͷĿѣ
㸩ıӰȻЦһɡ

ˣʹæײײ˳ȥ
̾ڸſӹֻŮĶӣôˣ
Ӳ𣬿ˡ

㷿ûţ̾̽һֻۣڲԼƤ
ؿһۣһã´ҸƤʵģûͿˣô棿



½һϣлæ绰
ܹȥͨã֦÷̡


ã֦÷̣ʲôҪ𣿡ι𣿡
绰ͨţǱȴһֱҵ绰żϡ

лñӼ¼ţ˾䣬ôˣ
֪ʲôģʲôҲ˵Ҳҡ

δ䣬绰
Ҫȥл˵ɡ

űߵ̨ǰ绰á
û

лָ΢΢
ͨ˰ӣ绰Ҷϣ˴˽һԲݵĳĬʤùǧ

µ绰ػصǰɻ
վڸߵϣ˭

лٷϣؼ¼ţˡ
ʲôû˵𣿡

лûлش
ǹ׽Ūǰɣµӣ֣˵Ҿ䡣







80.  80   

Ϊ̫, ܵɱжҲǽ¼ڵ쵼ռͬ, ʮֽ, ǰڶնࡢ඼ǳ¡ϻغ˽˸, ϼʹڵϼһʡں֡ΣҲܸϼԴ򣬵˸, ҳֵʮַ
ȷлƽȥϼͣ˵.-ϺվµܾѱͶһԼҪɱͼͱϼͷֻ˵ûҪж

˵, ϼ;Ǹ, ÷ѿ࣬ʱ, ϼں棺Ұֵ㡣
ֵ, ǲܵġ

ȥ˵á
ţͷϰѳϽ

Ǹ𣿡
˳߹ȥ, ڴЬʢ, ˵仰ߡ
ʢرѣ磬񣿡

ϰ˱ȲǸư, ͣúСģעαװ
㽫һ·ϣǰЩģȥϢɣȻžС

ϰͷĸ첲תˡ
ͷʢĴߣɱˡ


͵͵뿪лճȥΪԼҩƷʳԼࡣʱ򣬺ΪԼ첻ˣл뿪͵͵ܳȥ˸طŵû뵽ûȵһϽ˼ҡһưͣЩҽļұըֻһصĶԳȥҲ֪ҩҩ̫棬ôȻˡ

ЩصҲ鿴һˣܾû˴ӡǽлµ֣֪л뿪Ͼİࡣ

ֹͣշڻָϾݣȫ̻صУиҵҲ½ָӪϾȺˡһֱưͼңʳ㣬õĳԺ⡣ôղɫԱ࣬ƤȥǸɸɾģ
û뵽ǣСݰ˺æѧ֣ΪͬϾμӾû顣
һ뿪ĺûᣬȻòԵǾ⡣ǻعӣǼǱԸ⣬ϺϾսʧڲҲͷۣοΨһռѾˡ

ҪϾ죬Ⲣݵʱϸ˼﷭ȥռԼ˵Ļ
Ҫ𣿼Ļ˭鱨
Ҳܻа취ġ

㻹ѡСǼǱʱ⣬Ȼʹ࣬ɷϱǰŸֵĹס
Ѷ࣬ȵûһ˶׼һĽڣû뵽˺˾˵ʲôûʡֻشʱ򣬳Ѿˣûм˾һңȻô˵ػ˹ȥ

ʢһֱϾưѧ˵ҽ
֯ϲжɱ˵ʱʢϡȥ굽ڣҲɱ˲ٺչ١


ܾϾ;˻ӭᡣ
Ҳμӣʢڽֶ¥ϾѻԼʧ֣ʱܾſڴӣʢҪ⼸ʱ

˶࣬ñеǹǲõģΪһѵĺ鱩¶Լòʧ
ȻѣǸŹϵλķϣСϣǿ˷ӵġ̸ûлᰵϮ

룬ɽﲿһϵнίܾϾжƳְܾͬ¶Թְ

ڳǳˮһ޵ŮӹкС
㿴ǼԶɴշϵУרΪṩʣʯóףռҪߣˮϰƯˡ

ѵСǵҡ
û취ƯŮӡ̡̧֣ˮ㣿

֣ƣ̫𡣡
ֵ֣ͼʮԡŮսǰģ֪ô̳ϹϵʮóʣڴСƻᣬ벻ȨԱ졣һͷƲƷʽɫۣ˸ɫŻ磬һһݲɧϾЩص˽⣬ȻҲɫšŮ⣬ɫŵǿԼˣ

ЦЦȷʵ𡣡
ζؿ泳ҪҪȥ¥ģ

һ¥ϲȥҼ
ЦСֱס

㱻ŨҵˮζѬܣǿţȥ𣿡
վֱ˵ϸΪʲôȥ

Ӻ˿ھƣֱʱһͷе죿
ϣոպãɽԷ׹Ԣڸ
ƿ˶ӣȥԺ󵽡
1103.ָ⻮ĸŤ뿪㡣

㳯ܾȥֻڲԶɳϣͼ˳̸ٲȻһ޼
ΧȻ궯
һαװɷŮŵͳܾ̹ȥɱʧܣܱס˾δȻִǹһ˲䣬һӵܾҳһƬ

Ӧòǵˣ.-ͳ
ϧӵûҪֻܾǴӼ˷һ˸ˡ


ܾ˻ȥ
סԵһӣ䣬ǽߣһѵĽǶȣ˳ȥԽˣֱܾϡ
졢׼ݣϢڻҵȺУһ

ܾסӵȥѽſڡ

ܱűסձˣһó

û뿪źɫ££ͦΡڰСձ߸Գڡ

ͳ𣬵˸̣ڣ
Զʢˣǹ뿪


иҪ
ԼᣬĹԢ

Կײϣ㳤ֱ룬ҡ
ûƣż򣬷ΧʮֵλŮѾʰϣŸɫ˯ȹ¶޳Ĵȣ欵ڴϡ

Цһ̨߹
ʲô
㰡

վ봲߰Զĵط쵽⣬˹Ŀӣ

̨ŵͷĹϣʼӡ

ʵСۣڲס͵֣ϻؾƻͿˣСŮڣû뵽˴ô׾֡
ĥĥؾӣȲҪȥδѸסĲӣֱӽصˤڵϡ

ԼˣѪȾ˵̺
ץţ󱳱صزסҲáСһЩСãֻû뵽ôء
㣬ʹ

ϵ̨ýŽ˸
ߵʹ̣ЩҪֱס

ˣ
㽫̨ϰظ˵ɽˣǻء
ʲô

Ķָתϸϸ̨ʲôã飬ʲôãҪ
鲻ԣҪлͷǣԼ˹

̨ˣѪֱϡ
㽫ӵϣ˲䱻ȼ

ȼյĻ⣬Ϸ˷ûʲôõļ
˽л
ʧˣ
Ȼ𡪡

ÿ鲼Ӳ֣Ӻ˳ȥ







81.  81   

, һվٽͬıǰʱָȻڻУվأǱˡ
лϢ, һ졣

ʮһµ, ˸Сů¯лԱߺĿ˵ǴſĻӸ鱨, ȴѵ꿪ķˮ˲ǮȫΪǰߡ
ұⲣȫһ飬Ž, 䣬ͻȻüûôˡ

л̣°͵ű, ±¶һ롣
ұ̽ͷһ, ôࡣ

ˡлЦỵ̂˱ϷŽ, óֽպīдϼ֣ϵط
ұվһԿд, ҵȻϰɡ
ҲУСĵ㡣лٷ±ʣǽϵ, ͦ, ȥɡ
Ȼأš

лٴϴ£߻ؼҡ·ϴүӡ
Ϻ, ɱûʧֹСС鱨ɹݶʮҰҲûйֵҪ󣬶һֱһ˳Щ˼飬Ҳϣһֱô˳

ӹϴүݹֽӣû㣬лл
µҹȰոӷڣķֳɫɫ˽ﲻŸ·ԹͷŮ

סԶȽϰ
лûнгһߣҰؼң첻ӰΪսµʧھæĳ鲻
һ졣

һܵԱߣлӣûпʦ
һԡ

߻ᣬлٲʱͣס˽š
ſñס˴̧ͷЦſСģӱˡ


ǲͣ컯۵ըƲɵرơϲÿҪûһ˿ǣ޹˼ɵϣþȫӵ
ǿסˡ

лʲôû˵ĳ
ˡ֣ٵسǰȥ

лٲ֪ҪԼȥҹգ֮ǻؼҵķ򡣿ʲôطĺǻϵ£ֻҪԡ

ȥһ¥̨ϡ
ߴ纮лټͷϸ̧Ϊã𣿡
۰㻷סϸֶۣˣ󡣡

лٻסᰴôˣ
ˡ

⣿
⻹𣿡

ðɣʲôʱߣ
ߡ


˲ıǼ⣬Ҳˡ
ţ

ˡһ䣬衣
ʲô

Сġ
лˣһӶϺˡ
ǼңǼҡǸǵģǸǵġ
л΢̾˿

̾ʲô
һͻ̲ס棬˾ͻӱ¶Ŀԡ

ǲˣ
лЦ۽䣬סͺá
̲סüǣ۾ӣ͵ʱ૵Ұ㣬ɡ

ôͻȻлƿ׵ʱҪµģʱҪ¡ǰûһʽģϡͿ㡣
ЦʲôҲû˵ǣ֣ϥ¡

лټģϽק˵أĹѽ
ûжӻͳһСӣ㡣

лٽ˹ָ
ⶼµˡ


򿪿

л·ĿڴͳĲݽ䣬ϲ
㿴ѾɿݵĲݻء

šϣҾϲ
Ǯˡ

㾭õĻҪǮָ
ûùӵǮģ˺ܾء

ô
ǰ㻹Ҫˡ

лЦ˳§סҰ㡣
˵ˡ

˵һ顣㱧˻ΣҰ㣬Ұ㣬Ұ㡣
Ҳ㡣

м䣬ůˡƽл٣¿һۣζһڣ㰡
Ҫ𣿡

ɿӣôࡣ
·߿ģȻرԡҡ

ɨۣҵһڵĸӼ䣬ȥǱߡ
š

лڵϣļ磬һһš
ǺѾ󿪿ǡлٳԵٶԶϲٶȣ˺üţעһȫ
ͱµĽӾ
лϲüЦۣ§סĲҡΣȥ

̫ˣȥҪҭ𣿡
Ҳˡ
ǽҭ
ô
ǰ


һһһӡл׸ϣ²ôôܳԣ
ʳȷʵǶ쵽ˣͻȻԺܶණ˵꣬лپץסҧһڡ

ס°ͣҡ
лӡǣ￪ʼأ

ȣֺͷ
лٵֿҪ

㽫šԼϣʲô
ϣ֦þˡ˵˵ţˮԴϣϧûġ
Щġȥǽϣֳ·ȥ㻹ȳҰɡ

лٷϣһֱ°ɣһϣڿˡ
Цιˣֵˡ


СһֱãžôȨȴڹ¶棬鶼ڼһ㼶ľҪԱһ档
㱻˸Ϻ᳤ְ̻񣬸մæصסҰȲ衣

Ұк
㻻Ь߽Ұʲôʱģ
һˡ

һ裬ͦİɡ
е㡣

һڹһȲ衣
˵㡣

±ӣΪһأ
˯¡

Ұ˵ʱ䲻ˣǾͲˣݷá
ûŲ

ҰſڣģƮѩ
Ұ£Żɵգѩˡ

᣿
ҰЦˣҪ֮ȥԷա
￩һ£أ̾ʮˡ

̫ϡˣϺĳѩȻô磬˵궼ù꣬ʮµײܼҰþûձˣѩ
㿴ƮϸѩҲЩɽѩѾûлȥˡ

ůһЩûȥһˣ˳֮ȥĸס
㲻˵Щȥɣȼˡ

Ұ߳ȥת˵һ¡óһȡĺӸ㿴Ǹ֮ҿôСĴ򿪺ӣĶչʾ㣬һöܴķη꣬ı߻ꡣ
֪᲻ϲúÿ𣿡

ң
԰

̫ˣôϸ
ôһ㣬ҰҲúеѡ˺ܾãû뵽⡣

նѣ̫ء
Ҹô죿
㲢Ϊ֧У˵˾䣬ͻˡ

ǿ϶ҪеģܵüӸʲôɡ
͵Ǯʵڡ㹴ǣлǰҹԼ˵ĳＯʽ£֣ضҰ˵û˲ϲǮͽϼʮ

ӻ᲻̫ףҰһоǲ̫á
Լɣһˣ͡䣬ӡ

Ѿʰˣ¥ȥվڴڴ飬ˡ

鸩Ұĳʻţʵʲôʱ飿
һ£ΪʲôͻȻ

û߹㣬ҲСˣͣѾܴˡ
ʱɼҡ

鿴ϲ֪Ǿͻһˡ
Щ˵ֻ

ҲϲǸСԸ񶼲УҵĶϱܶࡣ΢ڲ裬пŴȻȨƣҲʵܲҲίԼ
㿴ˡ

򲻰ϲ˵ﶼдš
㰮𣿡

龲ĬãЦһȻôҹһ𡣡
ǶԺΡ
û˵ȥĻᣬҪ֡
Ļ

һ۵㣬йЩ㸸ײ֪ҲûʹңҲˡű뿪¥ݣѴϣѩƮ
˻ᣬߵ߿ŷɽСѩᳰЦϴ


лʱҰΪϲֻ˾޴һ͵лٵ۵ꡣ
лЩæҰʱûڵŵ˰Сʱ˲Ż

Ұĺʽһװ³Ьӣ붼ȫµģ̸Ƶġ
лٲ磬·뻻Ұȥˡ

Ұûн͸л٣ղ·ȥһε꣬һ׹
лٿãǰԼЩĵЦ

ҰΪϲҲſģȥӰɡ
á

뿴ʲô
ԡ

Ҷ˸⣬ڳԻǴȥ
Բˣ߰ɡ
á

ллƷˡ
ô˵


лٺپܾԷ֡Ӱһһϡ˵ĹͨǸɰͰ͵ģµĽչҲֻǶͷĵز

Ӱںӱɢȥ˵ҹ
һˣҰֱлٻؼҡ

лû¥³ǡ
¥һӵлٿҰĳ뿪¥ȥ

ڵϣ޾ɵشӰͳԿ׿ţδڰ¥Ȼһĵ
֨

лȻͷӰڸߴ¥ϣǽסһ롣
߽ǰˡ

лĪЩĿЩı仯ۿɼģϣԸ񶼱̫ࡣʱɵȴʱڲסǺԼһʱʱںҹ͵͵̣ǴԴ

һ̣һֱһϣϴŵЦݣȥЩɵġ
ʱ˲ȻصǰٴǸżѼԼꡣ
⡢ʻġ






82.  82   ѽ

㱧վ, ߣ¥ͷ춥졣ǲ÷

лӭһ, ʲôʱģ
㲻˼ش𣺡ʮǰ, ʮˡ
лЦô
㸩ñײͷ, УʱôС
ôעأšлĹϣͲ¥㡣
ð찡, Ų˾Ͷ˵ϣҽ𣿡
лҪһ㿪, , ȥš
С㣬˯ˡ
š

лٴ, ʾͽ
ȥҲ, ҳѵһг롣лַµѰԺͷסģ
ܼҾ, ûҵ֦

лٲ˲ĺ, лл
𴽽ǣҿˡ쳤ֱӲڹϣôãô, ֱӳ԰ɡ
лֱָۣ֪ղʲô𣿡
ƫͷʲô
һֻĸ
ôͳĸˣת˸ôҲֻ׳Ĺ
лȻʧЦָĺᣬͦġ

㵥ϣڳĵһݵߣ졣
̫ˣȥ
ҧ

лٴҧһڣ֭ҺУ˵رۣקŤ
Цˣ

лקӣſ죬㽫ʣ°Сĵݽ𣿡
ѽ
ʳڳһףߣ

лٵ֣촽һ¡
˳˱סĴ꣬ʪȵͷ룬ȥݼۡлٱѹ㣬ֻ˫ۻסĲ֧ס塣
סĺһź޵ϣֳֿôİС
Ǽ࣬ѻŮ׵ĻлٰۣȴֺҲڿԼʲô
ЦˣԹԻش𣺡㡣

лҧ˿°ͣ𣿡
û𡣡

лٴﱧϣȥվźۡûúιԼڴųԡ
˱鷭˷տ֡

ͻһ仰лͣҧӿ𣿡
ҿͦϲġ㳯ȥ𵰶ġ

лٲǻˣЦżԹϡ
ٳԵ㣬Ժöۡ
š

Сʲô
Ρ

Ҫͽָ㣬ܴһţȰˡһϵ󡣡
лЦˡ

Цʲô
Աˣ
㶪飬ԱߣӴӲԱʲô׶ʲôĽ鱦Ȼͣ»ȥͷֱۿ컨壬ˣúᵱ¡

лٱֳڣŵǽߵϣ֣ƿߵСɳ򵽵ƿذ塣

΢΢̧˫ֳŴʲô
лûлش𣬴ӵذµĿյȡһСӣõߴ򿪡żСӺƬĶ

㿴ǰĽָУЦô
лĿĲڴˣóһɫСӸ㡣

һɫĺеһʣҵǿţ
š
ô갡
š
ϸϸţ˾䡰顱

ϧҵǰǹˣǸʱɽûҵ㣬ʱ۵ιȥѹ֮ǰĶȫ͵ˡ
ҵİ֨ôҰ
ֻǼѡ

Ϊˡ
š

һֱΪعأ
лٰһۣ˭ҪΪعѡ

ϡ㽫ŻغСĸϣҲٰϱˡ
˭˵Ҳᡣ
˵ġۿл٣һˣô졣
лٴӣ㾡ܷˣһҸˣӣͷϡ

ЦȻߵÿҹ뵽衣
л˵ˡ

ҲŻеڶĸԸ£леڶеˬ²˴
лٶס죬Խ˵Խ

ֶţϡ򡣡㳶֣СĶżƬܿ𣿡
ԡ

漰֯ɡ
ЩѵƬ

Сһžһڹӷˣүү
šлƫͷļ磬ʮʱ򡣡

㻹ͦġ
Ȼ񡣡

㷭һţФƵġƬϵ湫ӣ䱧ͷ­ӣò׺ˣֻۡ
Фơ
ǣ֪

һţһźգϳлފˣ
лˣѾɨسˡлٿһİףм㡢硢лˡЩδСΨûϴлފϾԼʱƬ˵ûʲô飬ȴһֱûӣҲ˹

Ṇ̀Ҳ
лٱǵЦûͲˣʱ֪ұˣͲƤˡ
ۣ
మమ
⻹ࡣ·˭
á
㶨ؿƬϵС治ɫȴ⡣
лٲأ֮ǰ͸˵Һ;ûʲô飬ﲻǾԼҪǿ󣬲ߵˡ
ûܺ¡ÿƬ˵ãȥˡ

Ƭβû
أ
ûƬ
ӻͳȱٽǵĺһƬϲ㣬ˡ
øѽ
Ҫ㡣

лٽƬźãóһɫĲʲô
лҪѸ㿪ʲô˵Ķ
лջ֣üңȷʵǼ˵ġ
򿪲ȻǼͷ˿һҵģ
ǣҵġ

̧־ͰһͷлסԴۡ
ҡҡǸ̷Ц˵һģͷ̬ռͷʲô

Σһεڶεһεܵɣֲ֪ȥ
εЦˣոհµͷԼһ°زҲᷢˡ

лٽСӷŻԭأߣע⣬ڳһߣʺ֭Һ˳ͷ磬ùκˡ

ϣ˫§סҡ
𣿡
Ҹסܳҹء
áлٷϣҪ¿ 

ס󣬡Ϣɣ浽ôŻˡ
лſϣ˫ôŵһɴζ

ɢЦˣŵ
Բ𡣡

˵Բ㡣󱳵·Ħϸ۵Ƥôộ
֪Ҳ̡̽

Ҿͻزȥˡ
лٸ̽ȥǾͱˡ

㽫£Ҫ·Ȼšһ߹ȥ
лٿ񣬡˭

ţֻǿһ·ҧָǡ
лٽôˣ

ǿû˵Ǹ˯ѡ
ӣ֪л˸ɶӣйǿ

лüǿĲ˵ȥû
ǿԹԵͷ

ȥлٸϽסҪ𣿡
ûУһ¡ȥøСһС϶׵ǿǰСѣϡ
ǿЩ£ֲúܣл٣ͷǰһι졣
ǿſ죬˵ϣسЦ

ó𣿡
óԡ

ιһڣϵģǸ͵͵϶ԣڱǿˣ߱ˣԺͲϹˣҲԲˡԲܸκˣ裬𣿡
ǿءšһ

Цͷԡ
лٻЩǣСӵĳŵ˵׼һ©ˣڰǰãڴ߿ιӣſ꽥ʧˣӿͷů⡣

СԱ˯㱧лԱߣôŪ
лƿӣ㽫ǿСķ¸Ǻãſڴ߿ˣ
ࡣ

ôС
ʱܴ𣿡
ǵáǿ̵ϴ鲻ԽЦҵˣ˯ɡ
á

뿪лſڣûʲôĸĻֻ˵˾䣺Сġ
Ҳǡ


ϼΪϺ㣬ҲϺһС飬µ뱾µıԱϼǺΨһߣû֪ݣԱֻ֪վڲšࡱ
ΪСصͻȻݵ㲻òϾе½µ˼ʹϵ⣬ǹӻǺ飬¡
ϺΣճ̶ȲϾСʮرжΪĽ磬ϾʮҲܶࡣʱضαعֲߣһпԱ

ʮлټһΣ˴˶æûʲôٯٯΨһǴμ滹Ұȥһջᣬûܶ˵䣬æֱַˡ

СؼϺƺܿ󣬲СغլҲؽύѣз磬.-.-ͳȸ..-ע⡣

µϺһվȥлٵ۵꣬ѡϡĹҪ˼䣬æ뿪ĿģлٻδüʳڣܹһЩ

ڶ磬һˣֻûл٣Ұȥ緹ˡлٻѾ뿪ˡ
ұпˣ˵ˣʾл¥ľ˼ߣҴȥȡǹ

ȥ
ԡ

˵ʲô𣿡
ɱձҪԱ˭ҲûʣϾһСģöʡ

лٶס֣ձҪԱһֻ̣뵽˺㡣
㣿ʲôط
֪㣬ڰţҲ쿪ʼ˰ɡ

лٻæ¥
ȥ

лûлش˸ưߴų뿪
űûȥſʮعܶӵˡлٱ治ýֱСӳϳŷС

ƣɴ裬лƵÿ컨ۣһ¥ҵ˶¥ڴ߿㽻̸Ľ¡
λãҪѻ

лٻŲ·س˹ȥ嵲ס
Զ¥ؾѻѾλ׼ҪȻһŮ˴˹ͣٴζ׼ͷ

¿İŵؽࡣ
˶ӣͷһɳڣ𣿡

лٽƵһߣ߿





83.  83   

·Ϭһ, лٵ˼Ҳ֪µͼװʲô, ְǽվ, ҵͷ˿鷢, ûǴĻлСͽСѰɡ
򶨻ش𣺡ǵģǰǾڱƽʱȥϷ
лٴ, װģؿѵپۣǳԷ
ð

֮ԶлٿȥҰ

¿, ֹߵͷ, ģȥһ䡣
á

ͷ߿, ûҰһ¥µһ¥, ϰŵ˿ȡ£ŽСʾΧͬ־ƻȡ

ҰߵԱ, ղλǣ
һḡЦ˵һƯ, ļ䣬Ůѷˡ
Ұε˫ü֪ҿ㡣
ļ, ðŵ㣬ǸƢҿɳԲ

ҰҲȰתл٣ôˣ
˵ظĳӣϵָ׶δüȡ£ȻǲִٶҰѯʣлٵ˸ڣֱָ׺ݺץӡۣڸȥ·ٵģ£ҿɽµĳ棬㡣ָ̧Ұˣץˡ

㿿ǽ˿ھƣĲغ˵˵ò˵ʾõڻһˣҰ˶ˣ˿ȥЩĿԣŭ۵ס֣źպռӡԺҪͻҪǮ͸ƽҪ
á

ǵƦåɣǵóʲôȥץ
Ҳǲ峤ˣͼǵͦߵģźɫ·

ҰѸ·ĸߴȫץһϡ
̲סЦ¡

лؿһۣҰ˵ˣҲϲ鷳ҲûжǮ

ȥҽԺ
ֻһСۣһȥˡлƿ֣ôţû¡

ģЦֲˬת˸վڲԶԼֱǶ˵ˡ
Ұ߹ȥǣסл٣ߣһ¡

鿴ż߹ˣȥ¥裬һ
һ䣺ˣҽ㡣
ǣƶ죬˼Ц

Ұ˸ͷлٽܣλСطˣĸס
лٿĸˣɽկʱЩ˶ѹկ˵Ժտ㣬ôҲʮˣȴǷ˴ԼͦţȥҲ֜ʮģ
ãҰŮѣҽл֮

˵Ұ˸ƯŮѣ鴫
ˡ

ֵŷ֣ĿƯڲԶĵϡûķʽ棬˵δлټ顣
ĸˡǰλǸڵѪĳ

һͷˣľ롣
뿪ˣƳһۣˡ

Ұûдлȥ¥ϴ˵˻Ự
лٿ¥ŮĿⲻʱǽɳϵĺɨȥһȺ֦չĹΧţǱ˸ħ
лٴ˿ѹ˲ϳԴףİȫ⡣

ʱĺһֻƯĻҰ䣬䶼Ϊչ

ľ̸꣬͸ͼӺһȺŮϷš̬ӯ߹ȥ˼ʱסЦݣͷʺã̻ȥ
һĪʣವģ겻ıɽѩһ۶סߣѵ徻ࡣ

һƣӣҸʲô
ϺһЩߵ£δЩ̫ˡ齫ľƱŵһߣû㡣ϲˣҪ϶Ǽҵ
ޣ֪

Ұл¥ݣ㿴ȥһۣƱȻҰŮѣǸлС㣬ʲôϵ
ƮƮؿ治ɫҸʲôϵ
Ҫңסҡ˫˵۾ƭˡ㿴ҰҿĸףԽΣԽй
ЦųϣƯ˭࿴ۣҵ¶ˮԵ§סĸ׵ļ򣬡ôϱ𣿡
Ǻ֡鵧֣Զл٣Ұϲ޲ϷԼպãҪǳǷʱҶÿ

һ궯Եļ˿ֺֻ棬ͷӶʣʲôˣ
ܱˣд̿Ͱɣ

һϴּһѵѪӸű֡˱̧˳һռѧңм
ֵζѪζӿлٿŵͺѪȻŻЩ£˱Աߵľƺ£΢Щ

Ұæˣڳߵĳ٣ƿȫܱ֡عܲѾѰΧ˸ˮйͨлٲ֪µ˳ȥûҰĳܵĶ

ãҰֶعܲѵԼʱȫס
л֪ھսѲǸСáҲ۴ǰսϺʱӹϽعܲץ˶ٿ־ʿûɱˣϵѪϴˡ

ҰķһۣлٵĿײϣ˲ºһЦֶǰָʾһлţȼ˰ɣ߰ɡ
㲻£
ãǾͺá

ɽʻϣҰؼҡ
ǡ

ǰһͳƵؿţлƣؿų嶼ڽŵ״̬ӶǴɱ¡ûܳɹһ
ô죿
Ǿܣֹ.-.ͳͳ˶ɱԼҲ֪͸¶

·˶࣬һһ죬лЩͷΡ
ˣҰס֡
ûСлֱֱ·Ǻ«ģæɽͣ¡
ôˣ
Եġ

ӿʮףҰС̯߹ȥлҪҰҪǮлٸǰͷӿڴͳƱݸ̯
ƵܣסҲԶɴ߻ȥҰһ𣿡
԰ɣҲϲ̫Ķ

лջ֣ԹԵسҰģϽͳһ鷽ϰɡ
лٽӹлл

Ķ¶ǣѲƶʱѹȥһȫˡ
ԭϲҰЦӦö򼸴
ٳˡ

·СԺݴżԱͷݳױһߵķȥˡ
Ұǣ̾ҴǰҲģд籾һȺݳǡ

΢£ϸɵɢ
ҰŸߴĵƣϣս

й𣿡
ѾʼֻЦЦϣйʤİɣ
л̹ȻؿҲһŮûʲôҹ黳˭ͳΣһ֮ʳ㹻ˡ

Ұս֣֮һ»û˵
ʲô£

ۣɫ΢̾ȥҪȥǰˡ
лһҪߣζԼǱҲˡ

Ҫȥھս
ɳ
ǵģսֹۣ֪ʲôʱܻ

һȥ𣿡
ҵĶȬˣҲָĲ࣬Ǳʹߴ٣һֱš
һ¡лٵЦҶ㡣
á

ߵ¥£Ұᱧסҵİɡ
Ȼ

㣬𣿡
лûоܾ

Խţָⶼڲաлٹ˸ãȥεЦЦ
Ұ¥Ͽȥܡܡ
лƿʲô

ЦҡͷûʲôȥɣϢ
Ҳǣעⰲȫ

лƲֵ¥ߣţ
ǽ¡

ǵļƻºܷŭҲܲ⡣ĿˣСͼһֱڰֻСͼ֡ڳɹɱһȻݾߣǱȻǿ䣬ǲжˡ
һԭԭϱ֪֯ΪʲôҪһҲ㿴񲻶ԣϲʲôʱʶģôʶģǲǰʶˣչһˣ
һ⣬лԽ꣬ˡ

л֮ձˣȻǰձˣȴֵĸɺޡ
û¡лؽͣǱǸӡ

ʲô˼
ҵܼᶨ

ɻؿǡ
лٴҵ˼ӦܶЩֻ㣬Աܡ

Щţȷ
֮Ҳܣǰɱ˭ɱ˭ǲ





84.  84   

أҲǣ
Ҳ֪лټã, ˵ˣҰҪ뿪Ϻ, ȥɳ
ǲ¸£
š

ô죿ȥ
ʾ֯
Ŷԡ

, ϽϣСġ
áת첽¥, յ䴦˻ķģѵڶʱѾ
лǳǳü

ðɣʣҶ³, ̫ˣ鳤ƽҾ͵֪, һֹͣİɱ
лл

֮ͱЩ, ڹ֮䣬ҪС, ԼǸɸɾġͣƬ̣Цһ, ҡ
˵ֻ

ɿˣˡ
š

ȽŲʧ, лٲſ, ݣͿһĨߴĺӰǽߣʺãûһ
ʲôû˵, ҡŹϣѹлٱš俴˿̵ı飬лԸоɢľ޴ѹȸУɫŴδйˡ
˽صסܣ˵ȥġ

ʮ̾صסܿס֣
лٳĬˣд˵

һ¶ζʲô
лٵͷҳ嶯ˡ

֪ǵҵİΣɱҵ̫࣬ܰǽ´ô죿ҲһعӦ֪ԡ
Բ𡣡

ʹסļοѾ˵˳ȥˡ㲻ҳʲô⣬һ֪ıߵģ֪ҵĴţû֤ݣû¡
л˵˾䡰Բ𡱡

ס°̧㲻Ҫ˰ɣ
лƲƲ죬û˼ȫͷˣƽʱԺһע⣬ƺ

һϯĶͣҴˣôࡣ
л§סҡ

ңͻȻͳ㰴Դӵڻ˻Σûˡ
ҪСİԼûڹǰ¶Լɱ̫ԩˣױѻĵطס
ãϱѵǡ
лЦᴷıᡣ

ͷĲһڣҵˣһļҴ
áлٸرס߰ɡ

Ц˱ĶȵϢƣ÷ſҲ߰
лٱĥԲ֡

㱧Ҫȥǣ
л˫գٸ߸ߣ᲻̫Σգ

öͷײ°ͣСɵӣ㻹氡
лקգǵģˡ

Цˣˡ
лٲ⣬ţ

ǰǸҶŸɣ̣ҲúܡŮء
ôϲ֣


ʵ۾ˣ߰ɡ
ƽضƬ̣ڵ̫࣬ĺܺãңûСһ㻳ɡԺҪô嶯ԼΣգҪʲô⣬ô죿
֪ˡ

ȥϴϴ˯ɡ
š

㾾ıӣ

Ҫҹҹ㡣
һҹҹΡ


÷صļ˳˻һ𣬸ͼȾƵ
һֱСƹݺȾƣһĻظ߿εйȺͱ塣С̫һͬѧȶˣźһֱʱ¡ƺȵһ룬˸عܲжӳ˵ּ𲻹ܹ˽ǶǴϻģСӳ˾ĹһȼٺȵͷʱڵһԺźģǰϡ

ƾֽĩСӳŵĸü۵ضǼЦǴŮ
㿴⼸Ůʮ꣬ŵɪɪЦݽ̡

ʽƹݱͲȾƵĵطкܶСᣬŮӦҲ-˯һһŮߣйȽǰĵظȤ㣬
һѽŮ³ƽȥװӣָܺáԼɡ

͵عţŮ߷߹æģŹҡ
һڣ΢㶣ϤĵѾûˡ

Ǻ֪ãѾڷ׼øֵߣһС壬һ߷־ͳŮȥ


ڷĹһ䣺Сؾ̫ˣ

ŮͷֹסĶ¡ӲûϣʵʵشԱߵıϡ
ڰһȦм֮ĶȷϰȫԱߡ

Ůŵֱ
ʣˣ

Ů𻰡
Ƣãһһش𡣡
ʮʮġ

һڴļ绰ټȻӦ̽ԼġԾɲܵģʣˣ
ɽ

ɽ
ݡ


ʯ塣

Ĭʯ壬ʮʱ򻹸ȥܣƨСѴʮĴ󺺸ˡ
꣬¶Ц⣬࣬ôˣ
ġ

ģ
ǣյģϣȻֵ

ʲô
𡣡

Լǵúʯȷʵкܶոߵ˼ңʮǰ꣬ϵԼϵϼ룬ũµģǸʲôģ
ֵصġ

վȥץ˸·ŮӦҸں졣
ŮӦæͷԵȡ

һں˹
ţŮ߹Աߣ

ŮҶ
ק֣ߣӣָպ˵ں죬ĸ첲ȾЩӡ£̫СˣҲ㡣һؼңȸң˵

Ůæ£ҪͷסĶͷ̧عĸҿͷԵۣȿԶϣܶ𣿡
Ůͷ͵й𣿡
ûлش𣬡˵ȥңʡ

Ůͷ
ޣۿס
޲ˡ


ҵûˣǱŮûҼ˵һƲ͵ܵڼң϶ˡ

֣ứģҪֲ
קӣ׵Ӹո㻭ģû˿Ҫˡ
ɷŮ޵ĸ


΢ߡ
곤Ӧſڣĵƹ⣬Ů¶ĺӡԶȥ˲Ÿۡ
Ĺ
ֿݣ̫ˡ
ǧҡ
ѽ


Ůٵһùס£ڶ㻨Ǯ˽ߡ
Ů̫࣬ʧһע⡣

л鲻̫ãλͬ־ȡ鱨ʱαץһλǸع޽ͬѣֻ޼ƿʩĳУ

ǿˣڼչһ졣
뿪꣬лȥҩץҩȥ˹ǿϲӵ⡣

糵Զ
лõȻưȥһ̡糵ûʲôˣ£ƣпųһ޾ɡ

һϳԱߣлĿ翵ؿͷֻԱ˳ʲô겻ᡣ
лٶȻˣԱߵˣŸڿ۾߲˺ĺӣ˶ʿñȥɵ㶵ġ̿Ц
üͷЦ

糵һ·ǰ³ˡ
㸲֣ᱻȥϾݹҹֻЩϢȲȣôȣ˿Ű졣
лʮָۣѹеϲãлл
ָ⣬ˡ

ȳߵſڣδȳͣȥлٵ߸վβԶȥ
ſֱۣЦˣһǣʧڡ

лٻصλſűߵһӣʱûУǺµġصģ֪װʲô
⿪סӣͷĶһ֦
ڵһ仰һֱǵá

лЦȥȡһŰеĻſеĸ˲ɢ





85.  85   ڰ

֦ǴϷ˹, ·ϻһЩ㾫ϸѡһлҪȥһ˵㣬ٽ֦, ȴû뵽ɿ糵
ԱڻǱ, иͬ¹գȥϯ, ܳ鱨鲻ãֻԷһս鱨սֻһ֣ס԰Դλ, ָϷ

˷ϼתƵص㣬̸Сʱվ̬յ㱨

ʱȺԤʮ, ȥл١˵ض, ȴϨƣȥϢ, ¥վ˼ӱ뿪


ʳݵĿԴһ֦, һŽһţȫͣҹлΣΪԼǳԳ, Ҳû˯, µڶ˵໹˯
Ұȥĵֻұڣȥ·ϻЩ͡û¥, ԶԶŴӳ³к硣
ˣװ˵ˡ

Թ𣿡̧֣͡
ûУ㻹ûѡ

һǰһݣҰлٵŹţ˯ѡ
á

Եɡ
òãҸճ˼׼ϴ·һɣʲô½Ҿͺá
ãæ

ǿ밢˯һ䷿ûأҰݿһۣűӣܲ͸硣СĽı¶뿪ǿһ塣
Ұعͷǿˣʱﲻ֨

Ұۻشߣ𣿡
ǿһ

˭
ǿ

ҪҪͣ𶹽˯סҪʿҰСֽץűװ˯εЦˣ˯ᣬ

Ұлվſڽһˡ
ҰæӭȥƤ񲻼ѣû˯𣿡
е㡣
Ե㶫˯ɡ˵ҪȥӣϽæɣͺá罫óʳһһںããȥϴ·ˡ

лֻ࣬ǰŵļǿžһģ඼ʡ
Ұɫãǲˣ
лٷӣԻˡ
ҪҪȥҽԺ
ã˯ᡣ

ҰҲ¿ӣиѿ쵽ϺҪȥһ緹ʶôټɣȺúϢ
š

뿪лٲŻȥ˯
¥иؤڷҰɨȥһֻۣǰֽӱ⿪ؤͷȥ˺Щ֦Ƥ
Ұ߹ȥһЩƱûдװҲûдͷһװ׺ɫ£ĹˣؤϹлСˡ

Ұָһǽ壬ЩãҪӰݡ
ãúá


һ˯лȫָˡǿЩգһֱڼûȥͰһ֦Ƥ𣿡
̨ɹ̫Ӧԡ
û
ʵء

лվԱߣſ廨»߽Ӳӵģá
»ʽô
ɴʦˡ
Сüѣ㾡ȡЦҡ
ʵлٿ¥ˣǿôˣ
õˣš
ٿеĻȥҽԺ
á֣ͣ濴ô֦ûѽģ
ǡﻹЩǳԵɡ
ãҪȥ𣿡
šл££ͷתȥϴּ䣬ڼչ˹ǿȥͺá
G


Ұɽл٣ûȥֳǼΪķꡣصԼһձ̫̫Ĳ͹ģ󣬿Ҳ٣Ƚ徲
λѽиŸ˼Ǹ½ٽҰĸҲǺѣǰսˣȬ˴ǰӱһǰ·λ;Ϻͣͬѧ

Ұʮ꣬лСһ࣬ȻͬѧӦҲͣʮ̬СƤֲڣͯȥɣ
Ÿ˼϶лٿͿȴٲȻƤЦⲻЦģ͸ŹѬİƬصӡ

ٷԵĺܲ
ҰɽлٻؼңŸ˼˸طȾơ
˿̣Ÿ˼̻¶ΪʲôһйŮˣҲԽһձչ鲻һ壬࣬ġһԣҪ棬黹ǵǴձŮˡ
Сط˲Ҳйˣ̫ƫˡ

Ҵпϲ㶼ûмΡ
Ը񣬶ʲôԵ䵭Ҳ¶
ϣҶˡ

һߣлûлؼңɽԼȥ۵ꡣλڵУлȥԱһˣйظŸ˼Ϣñյ֯ص磺֯ɱ

Ÿ˼ձϳԷʱ͹кܶ±ҰҲܱΧд̲Ǽ׵¡

ڶ磬лٸҰȥһ绰Լ緹
Ұҹȶˣ͸ƣǸ֮ҲԷһҪ͸ž뿪Ըͣȥ㡣
лٵǺãҵ㡣

Ÿ˼ʮֽҹûס棬ȥҰ˯һޡ
ʱΧѾͬ־۲Χ̬

һʮ˷֣ҰŸ˼ӼŸ˼װ˷ڿ۾˲࣬Ƭмֳ룬лҹͷһ㣬±ϲ
Զĸ¥ţѾܾûԶֹһǰˮһǹøɾ䣬ֱš

ɣζǾȲġ뿪ѻ㣬ǹ¥µȴͷĽͨԱ״Ѹٳֳ

磬ڵӴˡۣʲô鶼ûз
治ʱ·ܱαعĳٽǰս·ϣȻ䶯˿פ¹ݡ˾÷ءȶæĲɿ
Ǹӡ

ҰûлٳлҲûϵİ칫绰һֱռߡֱϾŵ࣬л׼ӵؼңҰĳſڡ
Ⱦˣ졣

лٷݣ˱ˮҸ˺ܾõ绰˵žˡ
ҰˮαϣƤг˱
Ÿ˼Ϣ֪ŵظءԣ˭й¶ȥġ̲һɱػǰŮˡ

ڲ¼ʧȥѵʹмѵضȹ˸Сʱԡ

Ҳ©͹ݵˣƹݵˣǱʲôϳ˸Ÿ˼ֻԵ鱨߳⡣

Ұˮ̧Ҫǣ֮
лס֡

һֱͷԣδϸĥл˵١˵˭ִֻҪԱůͺãһֱƭԼԼȡ鱨ϸ⼸й¶˺ܶϢǹ𣿻ǹ. /./
ҰϺһ꣬Ȼ˽ڲй˵ԵףҲ֮һô̫ˡ

ɾһҲСһģһлٱ뿪ԼὫǹڶ׼Լ

Ұ§סĸ㲻뿪ҵİɣ

лٿɵͷгˣǳʱǸ볤Ȼ˼־˵¡
ͷȻᡣ

Ұ§ЩһǾͺá





86.  86   Ц

еǶʽ, ȴһֿĻƣͣθεŲȥ, ֳ鲻
ָо̫ˡ

л¥, Ұ·վãα˺һĿ, ôҲкۼųҵĴ
ˣңɼĹȴҲ˸ס

屻ƾ, ȴǴδйѡȥĿʶֱ𣬴ӷֱټ
հ꣬װСڿ̸лٺȻ·¶, ֱһ, һ壬һ, һǳܾöûͣΪǵһ߳ǰࡣлٴŰɫȹ, һ統Ǹİʹٴν䵽Ұ硣
Ŀʼ벻С, ۾ɳȥ, ҪҪߴʲô֣
֣Ȼ֪֣һֱûǡ
Ҳһҹܾ, ܾá

ķ紵ӡҰЦһĪǾԤõݳһ⡣ڰĵУЩ˻ʳµģձʱַľ

޲صסôأ

Ÿ˼˵ģ
Ҵ￴ϲ


лٸ´£űߵ졣㲻ôţӦҰ첽ȥţûͱ˽ӵС
ûôˣ
뿪᲻㡣
ټġ

Ҵ߰ɡ ɿе˫һ߰ɡ
ȥսҲȥģϺ㡣

ҰĬһЦŸգ֮Ұ㣬֪𣿡
ţҲ㡣

һձˣұϳйԸһؼ𣿡
лûаԥá

ҰЦ촽ǣҪ֣ͻȻųһԲ𣡡ͷǼ
ǹģź͵˺ܾá
л²ȫ˽⣬ֻ֪һַʽգձһϰﲻʲôַֻʽȥǡ

лŻƿװߵرȥȥϢɣú˯һҪ룬ЩóԵȥ㡣
Ұͷ

·Сġ
á


ҰҹεлپǹɱԼ
ܲȰοԼֻǲ²⣬ıҲûϵΪ˹ңӦáӦǿġ¾һӲޱȵʯͷʳѰ
ʱ䲻ˣ뽫ʣʱҹҹɼϣҪһ𰸣ǲ뿴

磬ҰһؽлȥԷ׿еĻȴ۵󿪳ȥ·һҲݡ
һǳĺ칫ݣۼ˼ʮѵءרձˣЩ鱨ѼɱȻЩǱйӺǱΪõձĴ֧֡
Ұټһյǰ£ǰ޹ʱһعҰл٣ʲô˽ӴԼ㱨һһ
Ϊ˸õļӣǰлסĹԢʹ۵긽Ŀȹ

ɽ¿лȥҰ
ڿᣬлڰ칫ҵţ˱뿪ˡ

Ϸһļмű𿪵ֽѹڻƤ£лٹȥۣǾʲʵļһЩ䡣
ûд΢ɨۣ´ݡ

Ұʱڴ߽ͷȥЦҪҽˡ
ߵл°͵Ҽϣʲô
Դˡ
߰ɡ
лٷˮ

ȥ·һ¡ҰСȥ·ƳļΪ̽һлٻ᲻ȡ鱨
ļαģɶȷʵʵУֻ֪ЩΪֻۣһȷеĴ𰸡

˹ݵϰлٺ죬ʵֻǸϰ壬Ҳͬ־֮һ֪СӲܳˮЩͣˮӣֲסЦüɡ

극Ұ硰šлٻؼˡʽڽʮһͷߣȷݡһûкۣȴһЩϢ


лʳǺܶѹȥ˵ԡ
类ǿһԼĶҲ˯ˡȥл٣ѽ
ˡ
ûУҲˡ
Ե𣿡
ô㣬Լ԰ɡ˸Уҵȹǿ

лʢ棬ͷ
ˣЩۣһ¾Щģ÷ǲ࣬һǺܶطţ˾л٣㣬㻹û𣿡
ɩ̫ܲóˣлҧס飬ʻͣסµݣûС

㶼ûˣҲ̫ˡϴ֣ϴʲôʱ򣿡
ˡ

վļ磬㣬ⶼǣҪעѽ
׼֪ġ

ȥ֪ĻΪ㻳ˡ
л￩һ£һ͵ĿڡڰգƴһʲôʱȴһӡҲûС

˸Уȥ˯һᡣ
š

ָĿ¡
лһҲԲȥˣ¿ӣվǰ·Сƽƽǰûв

лٷ·ȥ
岻ǰȥҽԺҽ˵УôζûлϣӦòɡ

һ棬ȴѾû˳Է顣
ǰǶ£ҲЩ΢ı仯Ѳ滳ˣ

лԽԽÿ£¿ӣԼšȥҽԺȥԶҽÿһȻǻˡ
ˣ
Ųûˣ
ǵáлţһֱɣǰһأʱ£Ҳʱ䣬̫æˣܾˣʱ򡣡

䲻ǵЩȴÿһβǵʮһѮټ棬ǰȥǰʱˡ
˵ģ˯ȡķʲôʱʼģʮһ£ʮ£ºˡСӦˡҵĶΪʲôһ㶼
£ƫݣûʲôֵġʧӣǲҪ𣿡
лûлش𣬡жöӻ
ÿ˶ͬһ㶼ܿˡ

лٵͷŶӣǿȥ֪ܾͷĺڶСѾôˣЦ¡
⸱飬Ц㿪㰲̥ҩɡ
̧ͷá

ȥԵ㲹ţ⣬࣬氡ԲĳԣѪҿɫôãҪϢ
á


ⲻȫǸϢеĲʱ򣬿Ǹ˵ġ˺ĺӣ֪һԼһɡ
ɺʣԼ뿪뺢հ֡
ô죿

еϢٴҰ϶ȡЩ鱨³ͻ뿪ϺҲֻʣʮѡ
л˾ᡣ

ӿлٽס֣򣺡鷳ܡ
ϡ

ǰ¸һ·ûóȻȥҽлʲôģ״ݾߡ
лûȥȥЩʳģűŴС˼ңһһ졣
ǰΪˣǼʲôˡ

ʳɹ͵Ŀĵأûгκ⡣ټǰ¶лٵļӣ쳣Ұ
ʵϣлٸûн鱨ݳȥϴδɱжʱ̫ӽҰɣ󣬲ֵӱ¶ļʡ

Ұ״ɵʱǰǰ棬һҩһҩ˵лСһȥҽȻȥЩʳģֱųţӵҺԶĵطҽЩ˻ȥҩѯʣжζǰ̥Ĳҩ
һҰסˣ漴ЦôܣôỳأġЦݽʧǰ硣

ǰ¿ı飬ԼЩʲôͷû˵
ҰɵãȻվקסǰµ죬һˣ

ǰ±յ첱ӣҿ԰Ǹҽ
Ŀ⼱εţָƲסز͵ƿȥ̣

Ұûǰ½˾̫ҡڸһݵš
İŮ˻ˣѾ¡

ϢҰ˵ģԸлǸоļԸֻԼݣΪЧ
ûԤеıŭûɱҽڣǰ½˰ȫͻȥлȥҩʱ򣬰Ѱ̥ҩɴ̥ҩ

ڲ侲һ磬Կȥл١Ϊõ塣

лΪһŮҰڽ俴ұ˸к
Ұ΢Цͷ

ұлԱ߹ȥ̨˸ë̺ӣôƯ


ҰףҿӣĥصĶѥͷģָźںĶῴôˡ

лٷ³ߣҰһЦæ꣬ҰҪȥͣһûлٵֱһϹݡ
ҰʱлٶζرУŶܲˣֻһֱˮ˺ͷšҰ˿պϵƬݵߣ
ΪӭǰлپЩܲϲҰЦɣſȥǿŶģѵ¡

Ұּһܲɡ
šлٵֿ֣Լ

ЦŽһ̸ƵǰԵ㡣
лл

Ұһƣߺȱ߿þûȥˣҪҪȥһ£һֱڵæҶûô㡣
иӼĶҪ͹ȥ

ôͺɡ
á

лٿˣŴȣϸĶ˼Ƭƹϳȥ
ҰΪϾƣȻҪҪȥӰиӳƬӡ
ð

ǸӢİƬЩлûۿȥӱ㿪ʼ޾ֱӰƬ
ؼҵ·ϣҰ̸ͣ۵ӰŮǣлֻƬֻ뾡ص

Ұſڣлת浽ôȥϢ
ǣ֣ϸı飬ҹ𣿡
̫ðɣ˻˵л

ҰЦŷſҲϢ
ţټ


ҰûлؼңȥǰĹԢһҹҹһֱţûпʲôֵлÿؼҺ󲻾ñϨ˯ˡ

ֱһҹ
쵽ҰôȥĶûͼһӰವĴ

Լĺסˣ·ϱϸڱ֮ʺȻɿҪֱסֹ

лûҺ㣬һ治ϵһġǰ֯´ǴɱϾϺμӻշҪԱȡҪлû취ʱ뿪ٸߺ飬ȻĵȥһƧĵط̥Ѻ

֦ģֽһ
շ֦л١

ĥЦµİɣ֦Ļӡ
㡣㱧Ĳǣˡ

лٲƿҪ岻
°֣ﲻ
ӡ

Իˣ
ûСסַڸͺˡ

·Ϊࡣ
лٸ֣һ㡣

Щ
š

Цݲֹʲôôģ
л§סĲӣҸӰɡͽǸ֣кɽŮκ
㻵ЦҪӣƣҽӰѾ
֡лٳ֣
üңã

лٿίС飬ա
Ҫ𣿡
Ҫʲô
Ҫƽ㡣
еġ

㸩лҧס촽岻ţҪ֦ȥҰ֦
˱촽ɿҡ
л㳯׹ȥлٷߣ֦

ץץͷš
ȥ֦ŽһС˽ָ̧첻겻˯
лٱͷڴ߿ð

֦Եһ룬л˯ˡ
㽫ͷСķ£Ǻñӡڴ߿˯աͷŲȥ


Ź⣬ûȫպϣһѵķ϶ҰڴǰһϸϣŲ԰׵ָȥȲ
Ľëţ޾ԨĿתؿƬڰķ񣬵ȴǸ뿪
ʮӣʮӣʮӣʮӣʮӡ
ʮӡ

ԭ·˳ݵϱȥܿûӰ
Ұź·ڣʮӷʲô¡
ȻЦһŹȥءһμԷ칫ңԼȻᣬͬվһ
÷ֵġ

߽䣬ˮԼ侲
ϸϸˮһԡ׵ˮ˽ȥ

Ұʪ·ڿյĽδܡ
ججһҲĸſڣվͷͷĵƹ⣬һŮ˽ȥ

ֻôˡ
λµĽϼ

ҰһŮˣеĴװеĴۣеĴȹŨױĨϴɫȹӵŮˣ㣬
Ů˸˵ӭ˵˼仰ֱ϶¥

ְֳͨ·ӶлСһĻ档
ǰͷŮˣȻקסͷϽ˴ϣ뿴˸ž޴ȲҪ㷢ȥɾڸոս˲䣬ֻعǰơ

̻˳ҵ·Ů˷˸ڴϣȻЦһ¡
ҰָڷڿƤһЦȻ̧ͷЦʲô
Ůֱ۰οûµġ

Цʲô
ûС
ƭҡȻסĲӣеŭĿԲѹֵʣΪʲôƭң
Ů˱յĴ˫ֱץƤֳָۡ

ҰȻЦЦЦ
Ů˲ͣŵŵôһƬһᣬµûˡ

Ұ˻ĲӣȻ֣
ʱˣŴһŮˣǰ̽̽ıϢ
ˡ





87.  87   ϲ

ϰ屨˾, ҰľʼһԲСͲӱشһȭ
ھ, ˸ʹЩľͷ, ûдӾظסü, ·Ҳ೾մȾǱͷǽߣ˫һҹδ߶Ѫ˿ľԡ
ճ극, ݽվ

Ұŵϵһֻϣ֪ҪҪȥǰת˺ܾáԶЩ, ͽԭ, ܶʼôСŪ, ûпƺָ, ֳء
ʬ壬ԼҲһ, ô׵ȥԼ, ܿڼ壬νʹҫšһֻݵľżһûʬ⣬һ۾ͿѪֲ԰׵δվ˶ôߵĵط, Ųǧͷִ꣬εҪǰ۱۳ɰܣսµһöλӣǰˡɾӲ̣ⷽȥһߵݱᡣ
лϲϧһİŮˣڰΨһһ⡣ԴҰιҩľһֱӰιܶΣҽҽȴԽԽ⡣ԱģǾϡ
ڣҲûˡ

վ

Ұ³קصˤǽϣ첲ʱˡ̧ۣĿؿǰľ죬˻ƣ

룬ٿشЦСĵӣҪ
ҰƤĬؿ

ȥ¼
˳ӵظ˹ȥ

ǸְԱ࣬ʺͼ¼һ˽С
ʲô
Ұ

ʼסۿЩ𣬡ձˣ
š

ձйô˳
ҰӦ

쳤̧׳ձɱҪãʲôģ
١

ʲô٣
Ϻܱ˾²١վְ棬ʦŶʮһӳҰű쿿𽥾ֵ˫𣿡


лЩԵȥҰ˾ʱȥձ¹ݻ÷ҵ˵ģֵǣﶼлȥסңӶ˵ȥϾˡ
лٲûж룬ǽӵʱûü֪ͨԼôһ߹δ֯ɵֻѰ

ϼļƻҪڻķչжǱлļķ򿪱ȡ
лʱҰϯݽΪأ¶棬ûвμӴ˴жСԱӦ
֪ΣǽŵصȴţȻﴫǹ
ʧˡ

ڶ磬ŽӵϢ˵͵ļ˸Ӽ¼١
ҹȥлټңڣ˰СʱŻ

ˡ
лپһ£СĹ߽ôˣˣ
ûУû
лüͷͿˡ
㾾һôɴ£û͵״ˡ
лٴ֣սѱͷöĻӸۣ

ƲȥϣȥӺͷסӣ˱ؽ÷أҪôҪôҪôǣĥһҹһ죬˵ͷӲһֲ˵֪ݰɣ
šлٿô֪ǵˣ
С̸ľǰ-·-⣬ͳɲǵ¡

лס֣ܾȳ𣿡
ҪҪģҲֱﲻס
л˦֣ȥ˵ˡ

סļ磬ҪļҪ
лŤͷʲô˼У
ЦһûУҾǳϡ


ȻҪܣĹϵԺжܲңԼ鷳ͲҪ
֪ǱΣգҲΪðա
Ϊ㣬ΪҡԴ--Ȼǳõģ֮ǰǵĵֻձ
ףֻǲ鷳㡣
һ鷳ʹײĶͷҸʲôϵ
лЦһ£֪ˡ
ʲô֪ˣ㻰أʲôϵ
ˣ
㹴´ǣǷޣȻûʽļҲû˾ݹأǷޣסˣ
š
ţú˵
лĸ첲εסˡ

ֱñʳǡ
ȫǵã
˼Ժãû취һ£㣬ٹҾˡ
лûжֱ˵Ҽš
Цһ˱ҿޡ
лվϣƽӣŮ˼Ժãû취
˫ֳ棬ڻѧ˵
лٰ˵ɡ
λ֣սԲתˣǺˣֻһΡֱпӣ޳ȣʱ켽սƻҪһ


ҰˡһͷɫǺܺãлټһ·
˵и磬Ҹ׼ʱ㣬һμӡ
á

㲻ȥʲôˣ
ǹ𣿡
š
ҾͲˡ

Ұ￴һۣɳ򣬡Ҿˣ
á

˯ֺɫ
á


ȥ·ϣҰ㣬һ§ż磬ǺȴˣŲ֪Ҫȥɽͣ߹ȥ


ȥҰ
Ĺ

Ұ΢ͷǺ˶٣
֣࣬ࡣ

Ұ㣬Ҫһ𣿡
˹§סҪȥ裬һȥɣ

ǴǰҰǲģϲڹڳ̻¶壬Ҳϲաͬ
ЦŴӦð
ȥǼձ˿ϴԡңӹɾƵġ

˻ᣬ͸ɵĴϺ˯
ֻʣҰ

Ъ˻ᣬ۴ţĴ̨ϡãۣҰȥͼԼɲ
һۣδʲôףһˮȥ

ҰһΧˮ
Цſ㶢Ҹʲô
Ұûشɡ

㿴µԡݸ軹Χ⣬㲻𣿡
úܡ
ţͷ̨ϣЦŰɡ

Ұ֪ʶ˰ɡ
ࡣ
ǰʮ꣬Ǹʱһֱ߶ԺҪ޸硣ҰĲ֪Զˡ
Цһ̾ɥδͼżˡ
ǼҲЩֻǶѡ
˵ɣС
СˣѾʮˡ
Ĭˡ

Ұٴζź壬ڼȷɵ״̬£ʵ¿ȥɵóÿɬ̡

ʲôʱŪģ
ָʲôжʱˡ
ǰŴƬ࣬絽ֱۣһС֣ûдĺ棬鶯ɡ뿪Ͼǰģµս˺ۣҲ˵ˣǴССĵ۾Ͳ취ڸǣֹΪЩۼ¶˺۴ۼߣû嶼ЩռݡһЩͼʱ䣬ûϸƾоӼʮͼѡ˭쳣һôͼǰģǵһģСӣҿ㣬һ˿ס
㲻ʲôס·㣬ס̡

йûг𣿡
ЦӦ񡣡
ҰͷΣԶƻƣ̬չ뷢ƮݣצͣԲһ̬һڵˮУ·Ƶġ

лٵһؼʱǿβЦ˵ԡ
һػ˾䣺ҾǸ԰

ҰƵüܣ뿪ߵͷߣڴϺҹܻгᣬҺ֮ᵽҲɡ
һš


ҰΪлѡ̫ˣɫβȹ׺ƬֺأرлźӣһСʱɵ㣬ǿŲЩ
ҰΪЩлپЩĻţô¡أҪôʲôͼҪôʲ֜ôΪҪĹڡ

Ьеϸлٶһˣģڲͬˣʱ̱Լˤܿ
ˣֻҰ·

лٿһ߹١ҵ޼֡վҪԱҪһըΪٺ
һ϶飬ֱ㡣˸ŮأǲӰ䵽İ

һ⣬ҰлɳϣҲڴ˴ļ䣬Ұ˸뿪쵥ദĻᡣ
һֱڲԶǹ۲ǡûʲôܽӴҲû˵ϼ䡣һŮ߹ȥˡ
صá

ʱ룬ҰȻлٵ̨ϣֲԤУҪʲô
ҰûлشȾơ衢˵鷳ͣһ¡

Ŀ˲㼯
ŴҼӡվٰҪһϢӦʶλС㣬л֮ҵŮѣʱգꡣȻл٣ϥ£֣ص㣬Ը޸𣿡

л΢㶣ʵϣѾ뵽ֿԡ
˶壬˸޷ܾ

Ұؿһ飺֮Ұ㣬޸Ұɣչ㡢۰һ
лٿһö۽䣬˺Լᵽǿž޴䡣Ƴ˿վڶ¥Լֱӹȥĳ񽫱˴˱¶

ܹҪ뿪ģԼ
ЦŴӦá

ӭǾòϢ뻶
ҰΪϽָŵվ§ס촽࿿

Ǽ׾ӣӦǴûйֻǴ౿׾ز䵽Ҳ࣬ſ
лҵļ֤ףҽ졣

㸩Ȼ֪Ǽٵģķŭ첻Ƶر⽫Ʊ飬˳䣬صȥһѪ

¥ݣȺ뿪˽ס
վסţֲؽӿڴ

ҰǣлٴԶվǰ§סлٵҪ뿪𣿡
ţȥЩļ

ǻٰ충磬һҵĸ׺ĸ׹֪ҲһҪСطμӡ
ð𴽽ǣĿлɨҰϣǾǰϲǡ





88.  88   

Ⱥ, Ҳᣬƣˡ
лȹҰڼٳٲߡ

лٽָȡ·, ȥ·
Ұסȥ·, 㡣˵ߵл
Լԡƫ㿪, һԵᡣ
á

лϱ뿪ҰԴڷ䣬Ĳá˵Ҳ, ˵ֲܰǡôƬӹȥĴϡɫĴ֣һΡؿ˻, β, ޳ָšסһı졣Ǿ汳Լ͵飬һһΡ

лٻ·, ҰĴϣû߽, ſڿ𣿡
Ұ̧, 

лƬ, ߵβҰӵס
ϲһ׸㡣
Ҿϲġ

ûȥˡ
ҿԲߡ˳վľ, 촽˳Ųǣ˶¡
лְĸҪƿҰ֣Ĵϣѹȥ

лϥǵ𡣡
Ұ·ꡣ

лץס֣̫ˣǻû顣㣬Ұ
ѾӦҵˡҰס˫֣˸ϸӶǻСһӡʹŭռԣ뽫ͳ

лٷѣܵһߣҡ
ҰãȻؿڵľκƽͷԲҳ嶯ˡ

ЩϢ˲֪ؽšлߵǰԺкܶʱ䡣
Ұ̧עȻЦԣкܶʱ䣬§סл٣ǻһ
лĪüһ
ҰſҸˣ£õġ
š

лţ¥ĽŲ˿̱ȥľƣػص䡣
ˣҶ׼ˣˡ
лٴһȥ

翴ϵ䣬ģ
š
󡣡

лٳͷסԼ
β𣿡
š

Ӧˣ
Ȼأ

Ҫޣ
ޡлÿͷ磬һ顣
ʲô°
лֹˣҲûʲô
ҿסܵġлЩʵ㣬ǲǻСˣ
л΢¶ɫؿ
ҩζأټǳԺܶ࣬ôòҲµġ
лεǣˡ

۵صᡣ
лʲô
Сӵģ
лЦˣס˫磬ǣġ
һ£ǻϾʱ˵Ϻ̵Ǹ𣿡
лٲᣬԡ
ʱסᣬǽģ
ҾȲˡ
ðɡ翴ĸѽ
°ɡ
ܱ𣿡
ð
§סĶϣ᲻ң
ᣬСء

ֱһǳһԺӴ˱Сӷô죿
⼸׼˵ٹһ뿪
뿪ȥ𣿡
֪ܻȥƫƧĵطӣԸ𣿡
ȻԸ⣡§סҲҪ뿪㣬ҽ㣬ĺҲҵˡҿչǱǵģԶһ𡣡
ãԶһ𡣡
ǽ򲻻Ұɣ
ҡлḧıȥ˯
Ļ
Һۣġ
ɿȣԵʲô
Ҫȼл룬ЦҪ


Ұлټ뿪ɽȥعܲ
ǰץĵµĥûҰʱڽѶüѪˡ

ҰûװĺǶʶͷӭӡ
Ұվһԣü󣬸Ѷĳ¶ӳͷ٣̷Щۻ࣬۾ҪҪ
Ҳڡ
ǣ¶ӳȥǰù̵ԸСߣҷ

һģɰ󣬱ſڵС߽ڳƣذĿӡ
¶ӳ׵Աߣһ飬һˣϼ˭ģ
˱۲ش

¶ӳЦһͷӲҵҪǲһӲߵյ.Ĺȵ
˶ʱ۵ѹʹ˺ŤȴС߽ס

һ󿾽ζҰͳסӣֱӣһθ
¶ӳͷÿһ䣺вУ
˻ûص

˵˵˵
¶ӳγһ˺ѷεʹУ˶

СɿˣϿӣţѾסˣſڵء
¶ӳ˵αô
˻鴤ţƲסˮߵѪ˳һء

¶ӳȥҰǰ٣
δ˵꣬Ұסӵķǳüȥ
¶ӳΪԼˣٳûж
Ұ̧ۿ
ְ޶ۣ¡¶ӳϽ뿪

ҰĬĬ˵ϵһ߽ŵǰ˵ɡ
ǡ./Ϻ鱨Աźڵơʮʮţǽӵһ񡭡֪һСҵϼ춬ûҲ֪ŮΪ˱֤İȫأ鱨ӶתͨԱֻ֣֪ǽ¸ձɵϺģֱܲһָݳܶ鱨

Ұֽ˵Щûк⡣
񣬴ϺʱţǸֵĴڡ춬ԼЩӡʮʱ./..Ӱһ鱨Ѷأž춬
£лٴžǸʱġ

ʧ⼸죬ҰûνȥϾһֱڼУ˸գԴǰһֱΪл١û¶ʲô۵Ǹӵұȴǹġ
һ磬лұϵͨԱ׼鱨ұŸСг뿪ǰһ·ȥȥֿڵĵ۹档Զǰ߽鿴δкβףϸĥŷֵ绰⣬۵ĺ롣
ǰ¼ұȻȥһҲݣһŮ˼档ȷǴȷʵǸͷ룬㱨Ұ

Ҵɣ˹./˵ЩҰȷ춬лˡ
Ȼǹ./С᲻Ҳ⣿Ҳǣôʲôʱ򱻲߷ģ˵һʼǣ

Ұɵõһ

ɱҰɡ
ҰƮƮظһԵһѵǰ˽ɡ
˲֣𵶣ԥز.ӡ

Ұ˲֣ӵֽû߳ȥ
¶ӳСߺԶ¶ӳϽӭ٣ˣ
š

ʲô
Ұؿ𣿡
ְҡ¶ӳǺëǰմĹӴΣֻǸº͡˵ˣôŹһ¾ˡ
ͷֱҰûӰֱٻң˵ϵһţѾ͸ˡ


ǳ飬⣬ҲһıѾõ̽
Ұұȫϸһ顣磬ǰ´ൺҰȥйʱڵϢġ
йֽ޷ʮʱͽһҽʥصĸԺꡣԺԺѾˣҵһλ﹤ϸˣȷʵôӣƬϣ˵Ӧǣ̫ȥǲ̫塭

Ұһһۻǰ˵꣬һ㻨ֻ꣬ʣ¹ͺͺĻ֦֣ϸ֦ɣҲ˵ûһȷе֤ݡ
ǡ

Ұ۶֦ɣٵЦһ㾿ǹ





89.  89   ѱ

././߲ҪԱͶ, 鱨عܲѶأûĸ޷ġ㱻, ȷķ, ڵݣձı߶, 鷳ֻ˦ˡ֪ǸҰɵձ
㾯ԺܸߣǸ˾˦˹һ, ǸŸžͲӰˣ죬ץѱ

충飬Ǽ, Ҫڴ;ֲٰ硣
ҰǰҪĺͷ͹, лЩؼϢȥæˡ

ߺ󲻾ã۵ꡣԴϴδɱҪԱ, һֱδ뿪ϺҰϢֵ÷зҪϺѾ, ֻйؾ˿֪
ϻظǻӣлټ³ߴ磬ոһ, ϳ, Ц˵ÿ
ޱؿžԼһۣ
˴ζ

ת߿Լ壬Сɳǰ, ͦñֱǽģһʱҪս״̬ģĿУĿ£κ˶޷ȫɣ
ұźšлٸ˱Ȳ裬ůů
ллס豭ȡůӦܲµ
Ұۣ
µͷ

ûӵ񡣡
Ӱֱ´ġǣͳǱӦҲжֻҪңʱ䣬ص㣬Ĳܡ

У̫Σգһɺܶձ
ϹӸ󽫣ǰɱйӶһѵãɱһһɹտܺͺ鶼𵽺ܴáĿᶨǰ߷ɱеʿʧܣΪҲ޺

Ұأ
Ѿûüֵˡ
лٵȻĻ֮⣬Ҳһֱһ׼ֻôͻȻЩֲ

㲻˰ɣ
ûС

֪ܺãûһ޹ģ͸˵ǲɱʹȥǵͬ
ף㲻õģҶûи顣
Ǿͺá´˴Ȳ裬Сһڣ⣬òμӣֻҪṩϢȻСͺá⣬СŽңҪ֡
á

һˡ
ʲô
һˡ
¾㶣ɴۿŭսȭͷҪӡ
𼤶ġ

ָüĽңǸ˵ģ
˭ģҾ뿪ҲЩˡ
⣬Ǻӵĸأһ𣿡
ֻܹܵԼ

´עĸ㲻øҵģһұ
㡣

̾⣬ˣҺһ𣬰ҵĹǻɡ
ФƵʬȥͱתϺĹˣл˽뷨Լˣһлٲ֪ҪôοĪ˺κﶼܻ֣ϽۣҪţȺӳ

һܵǣǶҪŬȥ


˿ֺ̣ϼͳˡ
ҪɱǰҾɱˣĵȵڣ
עĴǣȥ쵼ʲôҲܣҪľǷ

㲻ˣһǽ
ϼӣ΢˵

˵ʲô
ϼף΢΢̾Ҳû취ͷָʾɽ

һۣĵص·磬һŰᣬʮʮ֡
ҹ
֪
ϼһţšüӡ

ͺúûش𡣡
˵˲֪Ұû˵ֻʱص㣬ֱӷ

ǸСŮѲǰ㣿
ͷۣûϢ

ûѵӦøž㣿
ϵܵϡ

Ҳǰô죬ⲻ±Ů۸
㲻죬Ҫߡϼקסվסʲôû˵ꡣ
ã˵

ϡ
бƳЦһǹһС
ҡ
С豭ָһתȦֵǮأһ¶òʧ
ϼЦҡͷ㰡͸ɡ


Ұһл٣ߴױ硣
׺ͷΪ˴ĵ·лٻ˸ƫʽķ͡

ھжӣ¡
ܺÿҰΪ죬˳ƴӼ򻬵Ĳ°ϣ̧ĸ׼һˡ

㲻һֱӦȥļˡ
ҲҵļˡҰ֣ͷڣҪ

лٵЦһ£ʱ䣬ҪҪȹȥ
硣Ұվڣǣȥ.ձɡ

лٿıӰǴɱɹĻʱˣá
¸£Ҿʹҵļ磬ѩ

㲻Ҫȥս𣿡
й˵ģȳɼңҵͷǴǰǸЦȰѻˣ𣿡
á

Ұǰһļϣлл㡣
Ҳлл㣬һֱôá

Ұֱ治˻٣̶һ仰ִͷҪߵš
лȥţֻձˡһλƾٵҰ˵˼仰ɫأлٵһ飬Ҫ뿪

ʲô£
Ұûлش§һ£һ㡣
ߵſڣлٺȻһҰ

Ұôˣ
лٶЦЦû£ȥɡ

Ұæ뿪ձſڡ
лû취ȥ֪ǵжչΡص·վ̨¿
ҰԶȥ

лݲԼ˿̵飬ڽŲУЩϧ˵ףҲǸսƷˡ
ԼҪ֮ģǵˡ

ص£ܾĻţڸۣԼƽ
ϣһ˳


ϼͺͺ···Ķ¥·ʮ״дը.ҩϼͿǹźţͬ־ը.ҩһҰۡ
ڵ죬ͦζ֪ҲڳϣǸѾͷȻˣȴﲻϼʹкһɵʱըըӵۣ˭˵ϱһС

ϼͶȻһ£ˡ
һгӺƺƵģ㷭˸ǹţŽǶȿˣһҰڵӹ˹Ȼסϼ͵֣һ¡
ϼͱŵò߻𣬡ôˣ
Ұۡ
ʲô

üէһȷʵ񣬿ҵ̫ϤˣͱϳĿꡣ
Ǹֹͣж


Ұû֪ͨļϺֻŵһӣܵʲôƷֵ㣬ǰһ
㱾ԸμӴ˴жɴɱĿ̫ϼͳ£ʱ˹һʮֵܡ
Ȼ./ǱߵС鼸ȫûʵץαжӣѲ޵ʮˣץĸģعܲ

ǹһǹڸһǹģҪɱȴǻǹסͽҽԺ
Уһұ

ӡˮ̡СʱĥһϢ
ұӲţһֲ˵ȴڿһƬʱƷˡ
ĸ򽭰ɡͳƬ˿˵ߣǰź
ұ˫֣죬飡

ѽ㱾㡣˵һһ޵꣬ҰƬֱҴϣģĸ׺أǵ˺óԺúźšٺ׶Ӻð˵ѣһֱ߶ţСô
ұţƲסᣬ飡㲻ú

ɣŻ䡣ʹģšü̾ĵҪĸҪʣôһˣ㴫ڽӴءûˣôȥ
ұһˮûû𣿣
ŲæزȥϵҺЦ˵ˣһûС

˹ͷӲû£˼ܾס£ǵεָ׵ָϣˣĸ׺ʳǣУӦòϸ˵ɣ


࣬лڼҽصȴ绰۵Ҳû˽ӡ
绰ˡ

лٸϽ𣬡ι
ס˵ÿ֡ȥ̨˾·ʮţҲ࣬ϺÿשиԿףݵţиӦ㣬㣬ĶûǷҪ죿˵Ҫٻơ𣿡
ס

Ǻ㡣
УлٿԲµʲôûдκƷʱ˿̶ҪľǶĺӡ

ſڻձֻܴӴȥ
ϣȻ˵ذ²ĺգ֣б¶Σա
лٸϽֻصվ¥ɲ͸ŴһۣعܲˡæῪɳ򿪵ذ壬ͷСȡѺöָӴԶԶ˳ȥ

洫ٵĽŲ
һˣ˺Խȥű߿





90.  90   

лС, ʧˡ
ʲôˣͷӳʦڴ뺮һ

Ҳûʲô£ץ˼./, һĻ, أһ, ϵ顣
ƣĸ
ⲻ֪ӳЦһǻǻشİɡӳƫΪóһ·лС룿

ܲ, ֻȸߣлżͷ·վںձԣͣ½Ų, ǵǵĳپô, ŶסһȺҧ
ձͷȥ

ӳںö˿˵ʲô, ٶ඼ƣЦ߰, лС㡣

лٱǰӵߵ¥£ϳ˲ע⣬еͷ˿ӵ
ΪҰĹϵ, عܲһֱлѶһ, ǰŸͿȣûȣһʱ䣬, ˻һµġ

Сʱǰ
㷢ֲԾϼʹҳ룬ԼصȥϧһԶǹսǰ˵ˣץıץס
ʱˣɨһͨʬףûҵл٣Űġɽұı¶ΪΣգ֪ͨϺյͷߣҰס
Ųæʵʲôˣ
ץ˼./Ұı飬βɫȴ飬ͼɱ

ⲻǸȦףüװһ֪ЩҪķϻû°ɣ
İɣѾˣǳȫҰŲۣѹϳˣϺǸεսǵˡ

лСأ
ĿٴλصϣЩѰζЦ⣬ڼҪȡˡ
ֱֿ̧æɣȻȡһȥˡ
Ұסļ磬Ҫ磬ֿôŲǺɣæˣǾͺáҰⲻߣһԸ㷹ɣܲԼɣ
˵ˣûܾ

һֱҰţһֱӲųлס̫Զˣֻȴ绰
ȥƬʵǿӵġ

ұж˻ˡĴ£./վһ̨ץͨԱ
ջķᣬ˸߲ҵл٣ս֣ص˸ã춬Ŵ
лٵעҲ˵ʲô

û£׾͹ˡֱ棬ĬĬش
ôңҸҵδ״۾𣿡
ȻʧЦлСˡлǰĵģһҲûдܣ¡

Ұأ
ձ˵٣Сආ֪Ϥġ²룬˿Ӧúæɡһ裬ҡͷ̾ҵǻɹݣֻû뵽Ȼץ˰춬ǰҵ̫̫·պãձ˵ϣ㻹ǹԹԽɡ

ҽʲô
ϼģ
лٳĬƬ̣ϡ
ϣ
лЦЦϣѵˮ𣿡
һͬЦлСȤѹϲֻϧ챾Ƕء
Ҫ

ձ鰡˵Ĵ涼¶Ǻú󡣡лٵı飬ɳ򶨣ָʾжҲ˴󹦰һ춬һľҪ
ľǽµĴţ˻Ӧûлֽ̧˽ǰĿȣҵСô˵ģ
Цü

Ҳʶ˵ʲô춬ľҾһ÷죬ձ˵áȽĴָ𲼲˲һߣûκ֤ݣȫƾҵĻһ죬ǹ././عܲôµģ˵Ҫƽ޹ңҲû޲ǣ
лС㣬ƱûõġŻڹƵлǰдķǳϸô鱨ص㣬ͳȥЩ鱨еϸϸҪлСٻ¡
лۣûСе͡ڹݻأͿ֤˫̹̹ؿŶ棬ǿշӣձ˵δޣҪҲˮٶƵĹҲĳһûɱ˶ûȡ鱨úڼ׼磬һˮ͸ɱԩҰ


˰Сʱлپǲϡ
ҰһֱԴϸšʲǲϡ

ҰָӣʣҪ֪ͬ˭ʲ⴦Ҳˡ


̣˵
һֱôʸڽҲû취ȷʵ˵ŵĹ./һ죬ʵ֤ݡ
Ұۣװ˰üģҪʱʵ־Ϳԡ
ְ޶ۣôŷ


߳ޣˣлټûʲôµĶһ󨡣
Сɽвټֶʱ̰ˮһֻ󨶢ϣôקҲקһ·ȥүүŪԺѪֹŵϱүүĳ۵ذ緹ȫ˳ԺӰ
ҰԴ˷ǳһȥɢģżȻֻ󨣬лٶԶԶģҿһۡĥл٣ԵףһֱԼҲỤȫֻͨл֪ܣԼãСͲһʲôϵ

Ϻи˲󨳧רṩҩ̡
ŶģҿҰ̬ȣ׼δˣһʲôأʮԴҲģ㽻¶ӳȥ죬£ҲԼͷϡ

лϣֽŶƤţ浭ʵĵ
¶ӳӼһֻǰлС㣬˰ɣҲʡһôôƯŮˣҶ֡

лٲҿֻ͸ȥ⹷ûУ˵Ҳǡ
ǸұԣӦýźһһʮˣӲʲôأ¶ӳ̾һҪٸ룿

ҰԱߵηǵһһﶼ
Ҫȥͣ£һ뵽ͿƲסطŭ

¶ӳŵлٵֱϣƤϸ۵ģȻȫȥһƬ䶯Ѫ
лٲҿضų¶ӳҳȥһ趫ȫȥ
¶ӳЦһãлС㣬˵ǳȥˣ߷ձǱҲܷŹƭÿŶ

л˵
лء֪пɾġ¶ӳȥһֻңͷˣһˣȻҲùҲˣһأĻ滹У壬ŵĻжĵط룬̤̤Ķ˳ıǿף䣬꣬}˲¶ӳЦֱַһû񣬴裬档

лٿһߣرۡ
¶ӳ֣ͽ˰ɡ

ûˣҰЩţȥԱ߿һۣһ»Ұʱվܹȥ
һ߿¶ӳһֻſлٵĶͷϣżæȥ򿪣ϵɵֱϵȻƤϣһͷĻ

лٸ԰׵ˡ
Ұʼղֱ۾Ѫͳţ˻𣺡ҽԺ⿪ҽ⿪

Ҳǻʲãʧ˵Ѫ˵㾪ţټϳʱû˯лپȻ˹ȥһҰĴϣ
ڵֱЩʹط޲ʡţſڵձأ
ٸ뿪
лҪȥס˵ˣ䷿š


Ұұһ飬ûʳ֪Ϣȥʱл̵ĳ¶ӳʱðأ
س٣ء
ȥ
ǡ

¶ӳҰȥδüڣͱס󾱣ﰴȥ
٣Ҳǰָʾ¡˵ˣʪʪĶһſǾͽ
˵˭㶯ˣҰɿһŰߵǽߡ
¶ӳæմ˼ֻ󨣬ʹ˦Լӣְ֪


ҰصУſòŹҡ
лڴ߿Զ
վڴڡ
лû

Ұ߹ϴ
лٿ֪󨣬ǸԸҡ
Ұܿ£ìͷתǹ././
Ҳǣԩҡлٿı飬Цһ㿴˵ǣֲţʵıҪûʲôеġ

Ұʣ˭
Ҳʶ񡣡

ĺ˭ģ
л￩һ£ҰȻס°ͣǸ˭
ˡ

뱣ҰЩ֪̾İɣ㲻־Իˡظʣĸ˭
лٲ

ң̣һ㣬˭ʲôû˸Ҷ㡣
ˡл̹Ȼؿϸعܲץģ㡣
İҵɵӡҰۿԺ죬ƭôãҪƭң
˵ˣŲ㡣
㲻˵Ҳûϵһְǰҿԭ㣬ΪҰ㣬ҲŹһǰҰɿסһʱɣһǺúչ㡣






91.  91   

Ұ˽лٵ·ȡ˹ºͷ, ƽڴϡӶ˸ͷһһһƽԵġ
ûθ, ӰƲȥ, ʱһġһδʳ巢, ǿԼ·ˣԱ־

賿洫ľлٸ, ҰŶ롣

ŤŤ߽һζ
лȣҰ˳Ŵβǰ, ³ؽҿı, סĽ׽ק, ѹȵɽ

л˫ְŲſ
Ұסֿͷ, ôģţ
лٽؿסƽŵ, ܾ, ȴδ˴ȵϢžлٵӡӲȵ, ſҡ

һʱ𣿡
һȵϣлסˡ

ûһֹֻסµ˳ҵܷ
˫Ƥβ΢΢ǣۿЦǴһɱȻʣžӨᣬ˿Ŷݡ

лϾǸҹҽԺںڰĻܼĬĬɴ˿̵ıƺʱľ

ݵıֹڵϣл̧ϥǽ͵߿Ѹȥӵҡ
Ұᣬʹǰȥѹл˲ת˸òӵԼĲӣҰʱҪȥץ֣лٳ䲻ߣ´վڡ

Ұڵƣ˻ƣô𣿡
лûлش

ôãװĺɡԳЦվ֮Ҳǿģֻ뱧ѣ㲻ôҡͷƬ̣ҡҡλε߳ȥվڵϣ


ûлֹ̽˴˴⣬Ƕԣ֪ԽٲԽȫֱգ֪عܲһֱץ춬
ӾѶϢлڲϣ./Ѿǰ϶ˡּ𣬰̶ȾԷǳܣСԱԸæҲڵ죬ֻ辶

ҹҰסլԶ۲ⶰⲼܱΧ˸ˮйͨܶȹ㣬ʮҡ
Ұ˼Ѳ£֮ǰлپӦѾ¶ݣŶĻڳĿշӡֲ̿򣬲ŴԿšܱǳѪζηȫ

㲻ڴʱ¶棬ûпȥ̽ݣóȻǰȥֻɣڼʮǹձˡ
ҰΣϺǰݣǸľɾӣֻ¥ȴռؿ㣬ǽΧԺӡ
ԴԵףߵǹ۲΢㻹ؼǵڳ裬ķ䲼֡Ӷ˷鷿ȣҡΪ˸õؼӣҰȻߣųһ¥Ǽ䡣
Զ۲һ¥䷿ûͷտҲôֻʣ¶ϲͷҰԣлٵ˽⣬ίסһ𣬴žֻͷ֮һ
㲻ȷһ䣬ȷлٴ˿һδߣäһԶһֵͲȥ

лڴϣĿ˼Ȼоǰιһ˿ۣɴһ
Ħ˹롣

һ룬ֻ뵽˺㡣
лЬŽ´ٿ

ͬһʱ̿
ĲɿƵؾȴȵֵͲ
أء

Ϊֱ׵ĵ룬лٿ׼ȷٵϢ

㻹

лٲµԶָŴ̨Ӧ
û£ġ


һȥ

лһᣬָ㣺
ҪСġ

źźܿ챻Ա֣һʱ䣬¥ºֳʮ˿ų֮ﳤȥ
Ȼ˴ǰֻΪһۣⱩ¶ԻзΪͬ

벻Զܿ󷢳һźţ
ҡ

ҰŶʱ͸ԶĹŭɶ˹л٣ס˫磬زڱҸЩ
ҰۣԶȥ֪뿪ûУץסлٵͷݺݵؿ촽лסĲ͵ƿ

㱾û㶯֣һȶԷ־뿪Ұ˾ȫŭ

ǹսֹҰлקǰסס°ԶĻ⣬Ǹ˰ĺˣӹȥ𣿡ЦĶҪƤǵֵʬ
лٷ߿һƿҹȥ

Ұվͷһ£һѪ
ƿһأлʰһƬһɱ㡣

Ұӣݵؿ¶Ŀˣԭģɣ

ǹͣ
ʿ泤١

Ұֱ𱳣ߵſڣأ
ˣʯԭӳѴ׷

л˿
ҰĿͣƬ̣ҧʲôҲû˵ȥ


ҲعܲѵһĻӸɾɺ㱻˻ȥ
۵걻ˣҲ˿أǿȥھӼסţ±סӰ캢ӣȥùסһޡ
޵۾ֺףùݻǿޡ޵ҹᶼˡ絽δһʳˮθԴʹ̡ñȥ¥½ӵˮսţһֻס
ˮȥѸٽסûءᰴǽϣֹԼɿ㣬ҪУ͵ͷ
Ͻͷ

ɿ죬һֻԾɿ˫ڱ󣬡һˣ
Ҳ֪

֪٣
Ҳ֪

ұͰ֪Ķҡ
Ҳ֪

㲻ҡ㲻֪ôԼݣҲ֪лٵ׸͸¶˶٣Լˣһһź룬Ҽһ׵ĵ̣С
δ˵꣬򣿡
ͣ

𣿡
ǡ

˲˹ɿǻȾȽ㡣˵˶ᱻĥźأôܵס̡
ͷһ𣬡ʲôӣ

ǽἷѹţ㲻֪𣿽㻳ˣĺӡ
ͷһɱѣʲôʱ򻳵ģ
˵ˡ

˵ģʱ£ȻԼôá
ǵóסţ뱾ʲô
ʲô뱾

ʲô֪
ֻ֪СϷǼٵģʵڿգĶ

㱣Լû˼𣿡
֪ƽȳİɣ
šûж˵ɿȥ







92.  92   

ʮձܱ, ȫҰƿء峿÷ץˣǹŴ˳ҰһȥʻҰ۵, ʦ, ԨԴϺʱ, һֱչҰ
Ŵְ֣ɰĶϣȴףڰŸ˵ʱ, ѪһһϣҪ˻ȥ㡣

ѾҰѵ˽ʮӡ
зǱھ߹߽꣬ӴڲҪļй¶Ȼ޲, ׼顣ᵽӷŭ, ܴ裡
ɵ㣬һ, һĴ𸴡

Ŵһ㲻Ҫ, ÷شá
ٸʱ䡣Ұ󣬡ҵĺӡ
㡪Ŵָ, ʧҡͷ, ۱ֻʣʮ߸Сʱʮŷˡ
л


лٱؽ÷صη
Ұճ칫ңӭײϺ㣬ɫ΢, סǰôˣ
ƿƣɽƿһֻʮƿضʱֻȱҪʱʹãŴ;ơ
ʽѵһҰÿ·ȥɡ

ȥ˰СʱʱϴŸɵЦݣҰȾͷվţʵң
š

˵δޱץˡ
ǰȻǸҰ̾лҸŴ顣
Цˣ۹ϵӲ

Ҫȥηһ𣿡Ұһ䣬УȰ䡣
ðûûʶ÷صη

ηߵؿΪɣлڴϣŽŲװƣһҲ
㿴ıӰ뵽ﻹС۵ըط

֮
лٲӦ

ˡ
лһ˫ۣԾû
Ұ˵Ļһְǰ

Ұ߹ȥק
лڴϣסκ̧ƽؿǡ

ЩСȻûӹ۾пɢЦˣлС㻹ŮӢء
лٶʱɿû¶ãҺá

˵óŮˣȻ󣿡ҰӵݸҲģ㣬顣
֡

Ұֲţӹӣл٣߹ȥǰлС㣬ʶһҪͼ˵˵ôÿ˿ɾͲˡ
лٸüۣҪʹ򣬷ʲô
촽⶯ر˸ͣ¡

лٿԼסˣǿ̧۰ؿҰҲǹ./Ҳǡ
˱߳ȥԼŮԼ󡣡

ҰɫעʲôҲû˵˳ȥ׷Ϻ㣬춬𣿡
һ궼֪ң

ãϺ𣿡
ɡǣҪ֪Ͳ㾭ã鱨ˡ

Ȼȥģ
ؼҴš

Ⱦȥ
ٺȾͿˡһ̣
áҰſڴڿҪҪȥݣ
ȥʲô
ǡ

㻹˼Ҫδˣ
ҪǣҲû취

ôһ꣬㻹á
һδҵʱ͸뵽н졣Ұֱȥȥ
ȥȥļ

죿
ЦӦˣǰ˵ˣҿɲʹ
û£Ⱦ죬ƣȥ㡣
Уˡ

ӿԶ
ỵ̂ݷƣȫǰֱײ塣

ҩϺתлٵĴŷ֤춬Ϊʵ㵽õ뱾عܲǰػĵĶŵֻ޷룬ǵ뱾ұг鱨Ϊл΢ϴɡ
һ֪лٵֱˣֻܽϣнϡ˿̻ҽԺԣš

ҹ㻻ϰ״ӣſ۾ҽԺжعְ࿴أȴҲⲻдʱŨһģΪձҽû̫ҪУסŤϲӣȥһҪУѸס죬ںһšʬϽ

Ѿˣ˭
룬˸ƴߣߡ

˭
㳶¿֣Ѹִϡ

㡣
죬Ҵȥ

㽫ᱧŵƴϣӸס󷽷˳ȥ
ӭײϸԼȵعδʣӿڴóһʵϸ˹ȥֱ

һ·ɱˣߵʬܿ챻֣𣬼ٵȻص¥ݿڣҿӣ§𣿡
С

㽫ק󣬡ץˡ
á

ʵ֤޷ץȣ¿ˡ
ֱӴӶ¥ȥվˣֱֱȥץסֽ̻סץ

һͷ麹סĲӡ
ץûҡ

֣Ǹ
㶯ܿ죬һ·ܣǽɿ˹ȥأԶȥǰõĳ۶ȥ

µ˿ѿѪ
һǰ׼ɴҩӸԼ¡
лл

ߣץˡ
·ɫһˣ

۵Ļơ
ͽսȭͷ壬ң
ڹʲôû塣ӻͳֽŵϣûУ

һ¡¼ҩ
ǻжˣ
֪ļС˱ץģȫˣֻʣһԱͨԱûս

أ
ûлش𣬡ǵͬ־
ǡ

Ǿ.ͳ.ͳ
Ҫ𣿡

Ǹмɣ͸¶㡣
ɱҪ

߻ܡ
һ䡣

²ɴ·ˣתˡ
㽫ϵֽӸ˾ͳԵ㡣
лл

Ҫ
ôȣ

ǵ뱾
С

Ҷǵ鱨ûȤٻµľͿԡ
аգ

Ҫǵ˷ҡ
㵽ʲô




ҹǸ·ǻƵʱΡձ˵ļѶҲͣųܡ
뱾ͷһլܼŪáͨʱ䲻ܳӣм鵽ķգⷢһ߳ݣȵѶλλá

ܿ죬洫
̨յ뱾Ӻ롣
¥ٶȣյһǱᱻֲϨ𡣶Ȿ̶ɱϡ

ѶܣһˣԱʱץ񷢱Ա
¥㱻֣һ˽׷
òסͷ棬ֻ¶ֻ۾ϴźصĳסʵͣϤҲδϵó

·û谭ԣΪǹй¶λãЯǹ֧ҩȴһֱʹõĶ̼ÿʱڣ׼ͷãûпռڵϣ
һСǽïҵռжãСǰͷµĶѣûǰè͵һۣͼǺӰϴƵģ´ǽ˹ȥ

ˡ
ӳܻųôһ˶ץǶǳ԰׷ģ
ӳ˻߱ڡ

ӳһŽïҵ߷ǲǻݵأ
˳ǡ

ӳȭͷҪïҵסԴ㡣
ңҰҰѣ


鳯ƻķչĵµ뱾عܲжαװڿΧá
ӳվڴڳ̣·ϵˣһۣ쵽ʱˡ

һΧ˳ſڣؽ˿ߵڶ泯ŵλá
ѻ׼Ŀ֡
һ¡ӳ³Ȧʲô㻹ûء

Χ˵˱ȣеţʮң˻ûֵ˷㡣ãŮС˵˾仰ƻб䣬жȡ
ΧͷҲûԣ뿪

ӳϽס
Χճǹָţŵöʱ֡

ӳЦ߹ȥҾ˵춬ôǸŮˡ
Χûף٣ʲôҿ񰡡

񣿡ӳ§סļ磬аǸʲôˣ
ΧصȥС⡣
С⣿

½ղͨ籨ŵķ
Ǹղ˽ģҿɶˡ

Ůŵö£٣ҾǴģһ˴绰øźΧĿ˵ƻбжȡʲô֪
ӳΧ߰춬Ǵġ

ΧȻ֪˵ĴʲôطʮſǸħߣ֣ȾѾˣ٣Ҳʲô֪
Ҿ㣬춬ϼ񡣡ӳһ˵ĺΧͷص㣬ͷʱ䣬Χһ䣬װɵ˵أ

Χԣʲô춬ʲôװ
ȵ˴ʲôˡΧ˵նӡ

ΧֱӸۼԣʵ٣ľģҾǸ./Ժģϵң˵мӰĹԼ档ϺΧҴΧ˵ģ

ӳЦһ̣࣬ʹ࣬ǻشࡣ
٣ԩΧѹȥˣͣػͷģȥҵĵ꣬·ʮţרΪ.ɽӳɽӳиľӳѣ٣ôץȥ٣١


ұйԱعܲļ˵æץ˽˵̨˴󹦣ɻûлָɡ
ӳ˴δݵĻɫʱص㣬֤֤ȫԵϡұţʶˣҲΪʲôᱻ춬ץ
ұһͬץˣһĥҲûпڣһһϢѾûˡҹûۣΣںޣҹҹجΣҪһ˽Լ

ӳ˵һ㻰أǲ
Χñ׵ģСֵܣɵʵʵ˵ҿɴû㣬Ҫǹ././ҶӾҡȫʬ
ұȻ
ΧˣҲǣԩˣҲǣ

ӳ˼ؿұΪʲôָϰ壿
ұӷɿתţǵڻڷֱ춬٣ץˣ϶û֤ݣ᲻˰»طµĴ¡ܾ֮ǰСԱʱĶԴʣһץûܵס̣ûȷ֤ݵ¼ܳϣֳÿ˶м˵ǡұٵ˵˳춬أҲ֪ľټ²йһŹĸסǸл¿˿ҹʣÿ첻ͣҸɻ͹˻һֺģƲ˭أǸ飬ҲҪ汳
ӳһȭϣСӵͦʰ˵ء
ұȥǵѪΧ춬˰ɣǣ䡣
Χһ£Ҫȥԩң


˿ڽݡ
ôһֱ©âǸֲᵶǹķϲڱϺȲ裬Ұ˱ԡ
ò˵Сӡ

ҰİѣӮİѣȤľǰԡ
ڵزţ˿ڲ裬Ҳᡣ

ҽ㡣
彩ʹ

Ұľڱϵˣںǰİ˱£Ӧξʾˡ
ˣЦͷһô˵

Ҳû͸㡣
΢裬⻰ȥֵֹġ

./𣿡
񰡡Σĵ

ҰһЦΪ˱衣
ݵعܲ


˵عǵͷ񣬡С
Ұûп

Щɡ
Ұ
ǡ

ѧձ˹ҰΪһ裬ܳл
ɢؿЦһ֪ʵôˣʲô£

жץ춬лСǱݵġ
Ұ̧춬˭
ƤϿ./Ժʵʸ¹ҹˣַ˵籨ǵѶƽסжֶȥץ˸š

Ұ±ӣǸұĿڹм٣
ԹˣȻлС˵ǹߣлСˮ
أ
ûץӦǵ֪ʲôϢʱˡ

ҰЦһ£ĺ㣬𣿡
üһףȻץУҲûʲôˡ

ǫѷسͷЦлСҫְŬȻüתҰΨһɵľסǹս¼˵ֵͬͲźţʧʮʾȻ춬лС㣬ְ޶ۣδͨΪд˾١
ڵЩԵ׵ݶǾܣһЩ.˵춬Ҫȷݣû뵽֣ⲻһս
ķ׿ϣе

Ұ֪ȴûеƣļ磬˵ұԱԡ
΢΢ͷְţָ̡


ƤǷ.ŮΪӷԩ
Ϊ˳˳ؽѹźΧȥ÷صʱڳԵïҵȻסӳ԰ӳ

ʲôԣ
춬ıӰˣǸܸߵˡ

ӳѹ˵
ïҵüٴδΧһᶨصҾԲϴ˸˴ͷҲûô֡

ӳָѻʽ͵ʲô֪
ʲôʽ˵鱨ɹ¶࣬ïҵһϯֽΧѹشΣһ顣


ҹŰµĲء
Ҫ֮
˵ҵϴ𣿡
ǣҲ֪˴һǹᱻѹȥ̳

ü̳
÷ɭϣֻ̳лᡣ

Һһȥ
ԱͲˡͷȥ㣬һ׼һָһŵͼһ˽ǵһûдǾ߰ɡ

һˣУ̫ΣˣһôУ
а취
ǡ
ϻý¡ˡ

½סһ¡
ͷ

뵽ǵӪɡ
ЦһʱЩ

ûи̸𣿡
ûС

㿼ǿǡ
ܻ˵ɡ


뿪ȥϼһѵҩϼסţҪʲôȥ
ˡ

ʲôˣصڸʲô
Ů˱ץˡ

Ů˭ŮˣץĹ././
ûлش𣬴ŶҪ뿪ϼͼߣȥҲ˵ԼˣԼˣҲðôգӻˣ
ÿ

㵽Ϊʲôһֱš𣿡
ƿźͺӡ

ϼƬ̣ʲôʱ./ϵģ
ÿ
ҼϼҲǸ𱣻Ǳģðա

ǹңһС
ϼͶݺݵؿͱң


ͷ󣬺֡
ȫձ

ͣϺϽ̳./µԱѹ³źɫͷף˫ֺ׹¡
лٱ޲סͣڳϡһͲֻһϸ죬ܹΡ

Ұ˸ԴлŶ㿪סļ磬֮İɡ
΢ЦſԶм䴩л·μŮˣͶǸ˻᲻㡣





93.  93   ׷

Χһļž, ѹֵ񶼲̴Ϸɹ
Ұͳ̵ϣǰǲ̵ġ۵ӣʸǷϡ

ʢſڴ, ϼʹҲ뵽, ֹ˺㣬ֲܷ, ֻܸһðգ⻹˸ḻľѻ֣ʮ
Ӳסǵ壬Զȥ, лٵλãϸϸмǸŮˣ䱻ڲͷִ·Ь, ܾﲻԡ

ϼ͵ȥ, ־ܣ˵õ, ֻһܡ
˵ϡ

ϼ͵ʱŭ, ѹһԴ˨ˣΥȹ./ȫ

û˵Щʲô, עȫڵڶβ, ֻðиڶ೵͹״ȭͷ
ڳ

һ, һ٣һ

Ħ˹롣
һظ֣塿

ˣ˲ʲô壬ֻ޶ȳ


Ұתͷлͣ¶ƵŤıạ̊́һּ̣һ󣬳ĬƬ̣봹˵ԲŪˣһᣬһͺáлߵҷãȽЩ£ʲôԣҪ鱨Ҹ㣬ȥ͸Ӱûϵġ㻹ҪʲôҽҩҶ취͸㣬ΪСл޵üǳǳöͷ̫ѨҿԸҵһУֻҪúðҡ
лٶ㿪ø첲ײԶЩҰԺĺľ˵ְɡ
ǡľӳͷǹһձȥ׼
ձͬʱǹ

δһӵ֪Ķһǹձüģֱֱǰȥʱµձ羪֮񣬷׷׾ǹΧδܷ־ѻ㣬ֵ

Ұסлٵ°϶⿴ˣĶģܴܲ㡣
лײԼһߣҰקػţڶһ£һҾͶһ

ľӳͳǹˣ٣
ձҳ壬ΪȷԷжˣóȻǰ
ľӳҰ˵١
ҰɿлߣŲæؿԶҵѻ㣬ץ
ǡ

лٳע⣬ͷֱߣק¶Ѹֱ嵲ס֣СĽֱŽ򿪡

ľӳż˹߷ɢ¶壬ǹ£˵¡

ʢЦ磬ǹ񣡡
ûСץűƽյġСĵ㣬Լˡ
֪

øʵЩѿ̥Ǽˡ
ϡ

㻻ǹһߣʯͷ϶ŵԵƵȥѺϼӰε
ƨɽңġ

ûϼͣ.ϷȥӵעȫѻȥλãעʱƵһߡձ󱳴ȥһǹкףֱǹһձע⵽λãΧ

ɽ½ĸ.ȺûŨ治
ȥձΧһ𣬾ǹɨڵϣǰ˿£Ƶһߡ

ԺȻԶƺƵ˹ȥֻϼձʮֻλòܿԮʢĺ㣬ǹһԮˣ

һУ׵׵ı¶
ձǹ׼ķɨ䡣Թһߣ¼ǹһ.һ׿⣬δü㿪һֱӱը¡
һ˲䣬ܼӵµ·ɨһѵѪ

ʢ޵ҧгݣͷСӳȥһʱջ裬ӵƫ¶λá
ǹѸ㣬ܿӹ.

֧Ԯձ³ܿ콫̳Χ𣬺㱻ƴڿһ¶ͷͻᱻѡб֧ԮٶӦȾĳֻǹս㳲
ҰԮƿͲҪȥȻлסӣѸٴȡµĲ䣬𶯡

ҲˣҲǸҰһЦ˲ѪۣתԵؿҪɱң
ȥлǰý߿ͲľӳһתͷͿЮֵĳ٣ǹл˳ȥɱ

һ³Ϳ
ľӳ֣ʾʿˡ

̽ɢӰ
ʢҵѻλ׼Ұȴҿǹлѹһֱƶһ˵

ϼͿųֱײܳףĳ
Ұӿ˼ڲϵĵסлٵҪۣлٷӦ죬ϥסѣšסұ۽ڵϡ

ǹֹͣ
˹㳯л֣ɿҰȥҰסĽţϵ棬㣬ֱȥѸ֡ţһҪժ֣ƫ㣬һסļ磬һֳӴȥҰü죬ǹȥδ°һѵ̽ĺ磬лٲıŵʹ壬˳һ³ҰڵϣлϥǵסֱۣǹԴԺ˵ȰǴϡ

ҵϼֵｫŵ˿档
л˸ʻȻƿҰӿǹָŵڵϵҰһ̻ûп°׷ձȥ

Ѹʻ롣
ҰѪݶڲЪ˹˻𣺡׷׷

ձ˲˺Ŀ
ʢǵ֣ܵķ档

ûԮ˳ɹӪȡ
ϼͿ̫ͣʢҡò׼ҩͲҶ˷ӵ

ȫǰϼʹҰ쭣ʱ˦˹ӡ
·סұۣлٰųСżˡ
ӵȥû¡

Ҫȥ
뿪Ϻ

ҩж٣
ͳӵû١

ʢժ±ȵ˵ͷף⿪˫ֵӣ˱ĿȫǣлٵŮ˵סۣͻȻĹյ۾
лһҲϵãӦСԱ⣬ֱӼֻΪˡ

ϼһл٣ֿĶӣΪ˾㣬һֵܡ
лٻعǸ

Ǹʲôãܻ
ϼ͡üҪҡ
ϼͳ̾˵ˡ

ͣһƬֱߣѸ³лûףʼʻϼͣôͣ⣿
һƬûߣѭųֺܿͻ׷Ƿͷܣȥǡϼݺݵصȥ
л¸ʻ˸лл㡣
ϼͲ뿴

ֱӽ˵˱ʢһߡ

лٲŮ³Լ𣿡
Ůû˵ֻǡšһ

һȺߣϼͿǰС
Ů棬ǰ˲ע⣬һֻЬ£˦·м䣬żϻһֵָӡǡ


㻹ӣںӱߣŹǿһͬ־ڴϡռӰ´ɿϽӭϣĥ˵˷ϴ
кȻʢǹȥôˣ

лͷȴ뱻סһ˴ϣʲô
㽫ߣߡ

лٽק䣬һߡ
ҵסǣȻһܲ

㡣
Ҫ˷ʱ䡣סлٵĺףһڣһ׷Ҷӡ
лٶʱۣ֪ˡ

ԽԽƿˡ
Ρҽ֣һʱ鼱ѿڶٵҡ

סţûлͷʢȥ







94.  94   й

Զ, дܼǹȺ񾪳ᡣ
лٳһֻϵĶֱҪȥ, ˵尴ס, ʲôôϣţ
лƿſ

ǵĺ𣿡ס, ȥˣ޹أ
лٶס֡
ãһʲôңҪסѪ

ͷס, Թǿ˵˾仰ǿ׺߹§סлٵ, 㲻Ҫ, ҪСܵߡ
лẬ˱ǿͷ, ԶĺӰ

һǷƽ˾һǹֵꡣ
ˮ׵һ֪, ж຦¡


ʢԱߣ磬ס, ûӵˡ
ձ, Χסεһ񵯣΢̧, ׼Ŀ׳ԡһըˡ

˳ҴȥпĹӡ
ҩþݴԴOO@@

ǿһźᵹĴ׳ʢЦſ㣬磬սΪû뵽һˡ

㿴ɵɵЦֺ̧ͷ㲻ġ
˰ɣҪܻҡ
δ˵꣬һƽΣĴ϶֦סһ򣬽Ϸȥ

ۿһӰɿӲȥλ޹ɣձлɨȥҰһֱʹظţȲȥæ󺰣
Ҫģ
Ҫģ


ҰںڰηǺ칫ݵĵ¼רѶյǻȴ֤ݵĿʿǻصλµ֮
Ұûд˿ڣİŮµġȥ׶ĵʹ

һᣬһЦһ
Ȼ˾ƿסĲӣȥˣţȥˣһȭںϣʲôʱһģ˯˶ٴΣЦüҲʲôʱ򿴶۵ģһμʱҵŮˣȥʱĳˣʱ㿴Ͳԣһ֮˵ˣ֪ܺ㡣תǲʱ򣡺ȥҳԷȥһһΡҰġ
ЦһʲôҲû˵

Ұͷ˫ץԼͷȻ֡ΪʲôҪңˣôңںǰ侲һᣬץ·վʲôʱ͹././ģꣿȥꣿӦȥԱڶǰͷôӢһôտݼˣתҵ.̵κһԱҪá
ָϵӡʹҧһ

ҰƳ֣ѪϣָȥĴϣû˻۲죬ôڸ˰̣ͲᱻˡҰ۳һͷЦộеףʲôʱܵˣ˫ָܺÿһϸСİ̺ۣǰһֱȥ£ʧ˰࣬ʲôȥˣ㲻ȥ˰ɣսϾսҰЦȫˡͳɫȥϵѪʲôʱ빲././ģǲ𣿡
Цһ

㻹ЦҰѪܵıӣ˦˹ЦЦ


лٵ˲û뿪ϺߺҰϺڣǲҰС·йؿ
ǶһϡٵС䡣

лٵŮӽлӣҰıüƻй˵ĲãЩ˽һֱװ˯ȵڳǶϢ˲͵͵ܵϴ绰š

ڶһ磬漦С
ӽˡֱлٵ˵ĲأһȺ˾ץ˻ȥ

лֱӱ͵ҰļС
ڼţţĶæӭϻϵΧȹ˲䣬ʱøᣬ֮ˡʱոպã¡
лûж

Ұ߹ߡлϲ͵ȥҰס֣ƫ㿪ѻ⡣лٷŭε񣬼΢Ц£ȳԷԵһᡣ
ת˳һ˳ɺţţǰϲһģԴѪġָлٵĶ䵽°ͣסŤذģ⡣
ҰΪϺƣŵĶ棬𵶲棬԰ԼţԲ㻹ôɡлԱߣΪ⡣

Ūȥˣ
ԷʱҪЩҰƵߣ԰ɡ

лٲſڡ
Ұ˽һӡ

أ
ҰɴݵؿȻӲγ⣬סӲ˽ȥлٺݺҧסָҰüЦָҧѪ
лɿ³Ѫˡ

ҰԼָŽ£ѪҺĬĬԱһᣬǰǷˣǱǱƷģһҡ̧Цſס˫磬ﲼѪ˿ΪʲôΪʲôҪңҵʲô
лٲӦ⡣

һ룬Ұֱ˸ƵģҵͲȥ촽ԲҲǹģ۲ۣû˵㣿
лٵֿҡ

Ұ㶵ؿ㣬Ϊʲô㣿͵ػӿǰĲ;ߣॵһأ㣿
סָϵѪ׵ƤһƬҸڴҰЦҵָﻹƤ⣬ҪҪ

л̧߿ҰδڵϣֳŵأĸȻֱߵĵ˹
лס

Ұʱͣס˫̧֣۾ؿʲôʱܱһΣ
ҰûҪɱ㡣

Ұ˲§ס֪֪᲻ãԿǹңûпǹиģ԰ɣ
ûС

ҰĲ䣬ûϵǿ顣ɿӲȥϵѪգײײ
лٽ֪ԼӲҲӣİˡˡѣȫߵſڿæˣҲԡ

ҰûпҺúóԷҴȥ
лûлӦ

̧𣿡


춬궼䣬ʮһµ׳Ʈ˳Сѩ˳δĴѩ³ҰԼĴϣлһ磬·ڵϡʰٴΪϣǣ¥
Ұûдлȥη˹ݶ¥ڷů¯ů
ʲô
Ұûлشվţ˵õģ

л⿴ȥѩƬ䣬ɫƬԶһյһĨ۵ĺӰʱſ˴ϣ죬ؿھҵůڱĴһˮģߣæֲ̧ȥָⶼڲ

˴һ㱡Ѫ£ѩҪµģЩ˿߶ϣҲûϥĲһ㱡ѩԽԽͣѩƬͣפʱҲԽԽ
һͷͰˮͷȥ͵һ˹ѩָ.ǰƶǰѩ

лҧס´ƲסתקҰҵĴҹġ
Ұȥϵᣬô
Ҳסᣬֻһʱϡ
ңΪסҾͻŹȿշӣɱʮ߸ʿ˰˸ͨѹӲġĥ˽Ұ֣һǹɱҷѡ

ֽˣû֪оʹ
Ľëѩǣ촽ϣϵѪˮѩĦɾֻʣüһѪڣżıѪӡ
˺þãڰѩˣպ˵ѪСѩϣ˲͡

㿴һʱ֪øЩʲôҲû֪ȥѳڶѩŲҰ׵աǰлٿЦ˵ռһһˡ

лƿǹ׼ͷ
ִûôƮң׹¡

㿴һ̣ΪԼ˻þİôǹԼ
ĬĬһᣬڿء

ѾʹˣֳŵؼѵվߴĺӾôֱֱǰȥѹƽһƬѩء
һˤࡣ

ٴγվţ߹ȥ
ǻþ

Ȼſֱۡ
֨

лپǹԴѩ̫ڸĺϤĿͣ˲佫

Ĵľ岻
ôֻˡ

Ǹˮ˳ģ̧žͳȥûסϥ£վ
˸Ҫߵڶš
顪
һöӵڶ俪

˲ˣлٲȥӰߵᣬϳһ˳ȥ
ȥ
ȥ
ȥ


Ұл¼żһηĽµˡ
һ˿ޣ㡣

Ұͷǣղɱˣܵøһ᲻ð㽻ȥһ
лԼ

㲻ǾָǼص㣬һͬ־ϣˡתͷԺµȥ
ǡ

ɱģɱң
˵ˣ᲻ɱ㣬´£ô졣

лһ˦ϣǹԴ
ɱңǶҰһҲĺ˸

·ǽվɫ԰ף޵ؿҰ֮ɱùǡ
һͬ־Ҳ˵ԣɱСӡ

лҧ޳ݵؿûж֡
һؼҰɡҰǹڣק롣

㡪


СȥϾᣬ֪Ϣҹϻ˵˱ں칫ݣ糾͵ظϹȥȴŽȥѶҡ
˵Ǯ뿴صһ˵Ұ˽̣Ѿĥ졣ûڴ˲ĥ˾ȥҰס

Ұ·ӭӣСطˣҹã֪ʲô£
㲻øװɵƿ߽ݣؿҲҿ֜ųģôֶ֣ôҲѣҲõѣȻдõŰô

Ұ΢ЦСطˣδ޻ˡ
鲻ԣôϲˡ

ײҡ
΢Щ졣

Ұ治ɫƽӵġ
۾Ȼǳˣۣ֣صҴǸ
ǸҲҵģҲı䲻˯Ů˵ʵ

ǵ𣿡
Ұûлش𣬡ҵδ޻ģȰӣҲĶһ档˽ٷ˼շӣУһûϱҲ֪ͨѹʲô³

¥ϣյڶ䡣

鿴¥ݣֱȥ

лٱڴϣ߽飬
վߣĸδԻ

ȾɣѺõ
лٱϥţ֪ˡ

Ǹôڡ
˵͵Ļˡ

̬ȻẦ
лЦһһһڣ·϶֡

Ѷܿ࣬Ҫĥ𣿡
ɣôΨһѪ

ΨһѪɫ΢䣬᲻֪Сؼһиӣ֪ʲôˣ
ŮеģһССۣղ

лû˵ǰұһȺ˽ɽ
졣Ĵ̽

лѣûм
鰲¡

лټϲһˣ˵ҲǱɽġ
鴹ȥ

ɽկձ˶ˣҪɽ˸ڴɽɱɽϣһǧˣϵ٣һһѻ˸ɾ
˵ˣ֪

֪˯žڻҴӡл̯֣¶һֱŵĸҪ԰ͳۿӳû
ӡ뿪ߵſͣмָ飬͵͸ͷһɡ


ֱϽѶ
Աҷҷţܿ콫ϵıѩڻˮʪȫ

Ұ˴ȥ㣬˵ĶӣſòŹ
ûж

̧֣ٳû¡⺮£ֻһ·϶˶ദ¶ں˿ڡΧƵϣá
ҡ

ָһȥ
ߡ

ЩԵĹɴ˿ƺȱˮȥߵ˱ˮιȥһڲȡ
𣿡

عߣؿʲô£
ʲô£ĸף˵ʲô£
ЦһѪ˳

ͳ˿Ϊѹ㣬ĪҪ˵Ķ˼δ޶Ӹˣ˽ѵĵûС֪ҵԺһ˶ĺ󱲡ͻضͥ㼯Һ㸸סҲȫˡ
Ťɱҡ
ɡ΢̾ҲѰ죬ֻҪͨѹƵǸŮϣ˵ƻ󣬱ɱΣŸ


鱻ϻĬΣֵڹۣԡŮ˿ңҲУֻһҰϲҪѺӴȥȰȰȻ׶ϵȰ鷳취ԺձȥӢȥҪġ
ЩΪǵ⣬ҶǣҲŹ㡣㱻ס޷ǰ㣬յѪ죬ӵĴǲǺԼĸ

Ҫڰסȥġ
ԸˣҲȥյĹѡߵÿһÿһ붼Ҿöġ尾꣬ÿ춼ɱ㣬ɱС̫һɱǸϹӡ

ת뿪ۻЩҾ͵ûǻѪĸӡΨһĶӣôңҲ᲻ġ
ûĸף㶨ؿҺμˣϲ̨棬ȴҲйˣǰը.ҩըһѹӣկ٣øըɽ͹ƴһӵμʣһ磬ҪҲ̹̹ɸɾҵĹöˣһǸ裬ͼЩĶǧ˵ȥء

鵭ؿҪҲȲ㡣
Цһ۲ٿҪһ֪Ϲӹձǻʮĵط

ʱҲ졣˿һյıƣԴָӾӻ裬ԼúѹûǵİᱻԶڳϡ

ȴһŻһѹ˾Ļ
תȥƬֱ̣ͦȥʵڲףγΪʲôһŮϹ˶ۡ
źˮȥ
֪һ˵ȴԼʲô

߳ѶҴţתȣ˻
йˣѹ





95.  95   

лһûԶ, ҰԶʳԱߣǰ, ԡ

лٱ, һŴ, һۡ
ҩĺӣҰ֣ҿǿŪҪʹôֶΡ㲻϶̥ǲ˺ġ

л˿Ϊ, ʱ䲻ʳֻܺԺţúóԷȺͬ, ҿԷһ
л̧

ȷǸ˵Ů./, ٲҽΣ˿ڸȾ, ˶áҰֽûҩ, ġ
лٶ˹࣬ں

ȣϲĵġҰһСֱ, лֱùԡ
ſ, ʲô͸˵ȥ򡣡

лٺֱܿһ࣬ȥ, ˡ
𼱡Ұעһ£ٷһ
лĬȻӦ

˵㻰֮˵
лȥһļ򣬿û˵
ҰЦá

е绰ֱӴ򵽺칫ݣŮ˷ˣǸСҲˣǻؼҡ
ҵ绰صлţΪĽһֱԹߣʲôԸ㡣
Сء
Ұ֣ס֣ƻõҹ
лѿϥš

㲻ַƣ˵˺㡣ҰͳԿ׽⿪Ľﻹ𣿡
Ҫʲô

һ˯
ܡ

ֻ˯ߣǱߡҰ˳ȥٻʱ˰ǹ㲻Ŀ԰¡

ҰлٵķڴһߣĿתضıӰֱҹȻҪ§ס
һߣл޷ߡжҪ

Ұؿס
лǹ

𶯣ұᡣ
ٷһˡ

Ұ͵͵Цˣá
лٲ§š

Ұ῿ͷϣҿºӣҪա
Ρ

ûͷ˯ɣҪˡ


΢Ұǰȥտ㡣һҹδߣȦڣġ
壬ð

һֱ˫վţ˿̵ѾĥѪģ
ҰȡһƵߣһֱûԶɣܶ˰ɡ
ۣ˿

Ұ֣Լ£ڶǰܾѾҴˣԾʳ塣ʳߵֲ߽ɾһ룬֮Ǹ÷죬Ϊ·𣿡
һֲӦ

Ұͷһ߹ȥ˯һˣ㡣
ӱһ£ۡ

Ұζֽ۾㶢Ƥûһ¡
ͣǰҰЦ㻹һ㶼¡֣ˣȲϹ㣬۾ҺҺ飬ֽҸס
޸㡣

ǾͶһġҰקһϸŵΧҹĸȥˣôǳܵøӰɣ̫ˣԱڣͷص˵һйˡҰ΢üҵһֱڵ㣬йĽʮֱ̫ɾˡҷֻҪֵĵطܻдСС鱨й¶һֱڲ룬Сֿô꣬ҲСطҲֱ治ֻ̫ߣڰʲô


ҰҡͷЦˣߵ棬ŵ޳֣̬Ҳã׽ˣһôĥ㣿סֱֱָ̽ȥ۵֣Ұ˷ܵؽֱ㻹۰˵ʮָģζ𣿡


ҰߺлٲСһᡣ˯ŲãײײŽҪǵϣл㿪ϴѪʲôȥˣ
ҰڴϣĿĵض컨壬֨˭
лһ

Ҹ»üҰʮһΰ֨κɽ
ס󣬡֨ɣ
л͵˦֡

ҰסĲӽڴϣǺɽأɽ˭
ⱲӶ֪˭


һͰˮ£ѹ
Ұקлٵǰ㿴֮㿴ˣӣ㻹ϲ𣿡
ֽűסˣʹͷлûǱȥ෴ģأޱݡ
лҰ˹ȴ˿ڣӵ

Ǵۿߣò׾ˣôֱץˡ
лӲȥϱˮΣ㲻þҡ

ҰŨ˽лںϡ
ѹסĶˣɱǡ

ҰЦʲôɱ㶼ѱˡһŪһϻǯһ飬ʲôʱ.ģ춬ʲôϵ
ֱֱؿл٣Ц⣬Ҿ춬ҹ﷢ľңֻˣ˸˿ڵ͸ǡ

ǣǣ
Ұʾһ˶ס졣лٱ죬صطһ仰

أ
񣿡Цһǰ챻ǴɽǸǲ񡣡

Ұ֪ں˵˵аɣҲˣҪֻ˭лһۣʲôʱһģ
졣ʵش𣬡һˣӲˣ˵Ƭ

ҰȻߵһȭϡ
˿ѪЦй¶ȥˣұȣ˯˼Σû뵽СƵؿŮ˯һػ˯ڶء

Ұ¿ˡ
˽
˵йһְҵ̫ࡣ˰ľȻؿˡ

߹ȥһõһȥĿӡ
лٽŤţҧסԼ͵֣˳ʹй͵ѿײײ˹Ұǰɱɣɱ
Ұ㺦ˡ

Ŀӵ¶ɵĽǶ̿㣬Ӿû˸Ǹүǡ
л󲻳ɣ˹ȥˣ§ס㣬

Ұҧ
ǡ

ȥק
лþȫס㣬ݶҧס·᲻ɿƵµѪϣһѪ

ϵ˿ڱĥ׶Ĵ̹ǵۣۿžҪק룬þ˾ʹͳϵĶֱ䣬ִĺ˦

̫ձôҲֲǼһͷ

пŻ޵Ůˣޣڹǰô˵ģйˣѪᣬˣݺݵغһ䣬ޣ
лסᣬ

Ķ⣬һˣһɱҡ

ÿҰѾŭ˼£ӳ˦˹ȥһתлٻ󣬱ʵʵذһӣʱƤ
һ£û֧סֱѹϡ

Ұűӣ޿κεԭȦߣ侲ձγҪ㿳ȥ
ס֣

洫ţһλȥԼʮľ١ıͦŻɫۣˡ
Ұһվֱо񣬡Сؽ

С̫һڴˣҰòͷ
С̫һŴܵѪܵıɫΪһйŮˣԼڧȥúֹ˵ȻǾɱС̫һͳǹÿ
㵱Ȼá

Ұ֪λٽĺлʲôᡣ
ʲô᣿ͨУҲӦɷͥУ˽ð˴빫˽УҵҪʲôˣС̫һٴ˽ԹҲˣδ̫þȨˡ

л͸ļ翴С̫һԼѵͷ­ҰԺˡ
㱾ͷգְ˼رޣȻЩ־壬°͵лٵĲӣԽŲš
˵ģҪŬػȥһ˿ϣ𣿡

С̫һѵҰ߹ǹл١סͷص
ٲɿŮˣҰӵοȥ

С̫һתң
㿴ҸҲң





96.  96   С㰡

лٲʶ, ϵļ£Ǹٽʱ, ˵ˡҡ, ĪСؼҴӣ
лټתһֱôδǺ, Ժſɣȸߡ


ҲµģҰᶯңȻ, ˵𣿡


С̫һЩɿ, Ҳ
лٵ˵, ȥǶˡ

㻺ɿл٣Ұ
С̫һվŵŭһɰ󡣡

һ, ֱˤȥʳˮδ, ټܶգֿ̣ѵ˼, л١
С̫һĸٹ, ݺݵؿһҰŮˣԺ̸ߡ

Ұֱվ, ͷ뿪
лʧſڣҰȻסĺ󾱣Ƶǰ
Ϊþˣ˵ģΡС̫һѹңͨʵϵɵ㣬һһȫڳ㱻͵ͥвҲҪⱲӶڼ

лٲϻմŸղں㻳༷ѪᣬȥͲܷŹ𣿡
ŹƾʲôҰ˫ס֪֪£ϲô֪꣬˻ô᲻ҲҪɱ㣿ҰȥϵѪĺӣҪôҪôҵģһסҵļˣǵĶ黹һҸû֪ͨϺҾ̽̽㣬û뵽ɱҵļˣôģֻ֪ƻѣˣͻת⡣㲻һʱ⣬һ֪˭ʺ㡢ˡ
лŤŽƿ

Ұӱǻ͸һЦҾǸҲһӴߣˣӦҵ飬ǳʲôĿģҵˡסһһȥ


㱻ͽңվڴС̫һ˵ʿȫ֧Զ

ѩСЩ
δߣȴȻ侲ѣڣҴˣ»δȥҰץں칫ݣ֪ղжʿӦҲû˵֪ģܹǸŮˡǸŮһҪͷһ᲻ãֱľ⡣
С̫һժף¿ڴͨˣ

龲ĬΣûش⣬ԭίѾˣһнǸŮ˺ͺӶ𣬾͹./ǣҲʱĹϣԵ۹ĿɼЩҲġ
С̫һսȭͷѹǻŭûϢĶһҲãӣجج֪Լʲô

ûгϢͬĵܵܣѪܻһŮϣͨҲ˵ס嶼ߣպ㡣
С̫һȥһҰ档

Ȼǳ٣ĪҪŭҿе⣬һ̼ʲô¡ͽ¶ȥá
ס



ӱҰץǿһֱԺлص

򵥰һӵ£ֱ߾һǹ
ɵлÿÿҪȥʱ־üô꣬þôҵȥ޹

ϾʱԼ˵ģžͻϣţϣ
Щڰʱ⣬Ҳˡ

л͸һСȴ硣
ʲôʱָܻ

źȻߵ졣
ҰŽ鿴ȥɣ֮Ҵһ˹㡣

лһҲȤ
߸ЬǸŮˣ֮ǽ£ǰ硣

ð
л΢΢һ㶣׿ȥǰŮ˴ɫ£ָߣ洩ҸۣĺáŴ˵úϤȴһʱ벻˭

ã㣬ôû㲻ϵ˰ɡ
㡭
ʲôţ
รлң

лٲõؿҰµʣ
һʡ֣лңʱڲסϵľţ񲻶޴վš

ģҵ㡣㲻ҪܰôĽҲҵĽ㡣
ߣҲ뿴

лңֹĬĬͷȥ
ǽöδҾͲˣȻЩĺͲˮ̸ġҰĻߵǰҲ֪֣֮ıл١ԺҾͽСٺˣ˵׽˲ŻôС

лĮؿһԲ
Ұã䣬С˵˳ȥš

ȽŲʧлңǰ΢ð޸ձˣ
ûС

Ϊʲô⣿ˣ
ɡ

лңһĵ׻ЩµģϾǰûúɫѻʱ˵˲ٻü˳۵ٿЩվԶĵطͼϵϺðɣ
šлٵ£ɡ

лңŲСɳǰСţãܶûȥ˰ɣճڣͻں޵Լƣĺĺ
ꡣ

лңɫû䣬ɿ㻹֪°ɣ
ʲô£

лңü϶ʱܲǼûˣձռˡ
лٶԴ˺ںһʣлأ
ںӱءлң̾һĸһҴʮܳ˹ɩϼܣ·ĿȫըûˡҲݣѲˣþҲȥˣּ޵ھʣ

ôᱻ
Ҳ֪Ҵ齫أȻ˼ձˣͰҴˡ

лֲԤУղǸʲôû
ˡ

ʲôˣ
ǹһЩ顣

˵ʲô
Ҿԭԭ˵ˣ£үүӣ㱻㱻˽ɽ¡

лٱһվƵǰлңһô˵ģ
лң󵹣ɳϣĪһ˿
˵


һСʱǰ
лңӵһݣҰܿһɫġ
㣬ʮеѯ˹лʱ顣

ձˣΧȫձʹ͸ˣлңȴҲ
ᵽлʮʱ˽ɽʱҰȻĪ¡лң֪Ҳֻ࣬ǰģļݣ֪ɽˣǻؼҵ·ģʲôݣˣݡʱú;һ𱻽ɽģѣò֪ôܻˣźƯ·춷Ӧòӳģĺ룬öˣͰ˳ȥ
ҰŲ豭ֶסˣˣַŭۡ

Ǹ˻ˣͲ󣬿ҲͶʮģ

ţȻأ
ѾˣͦģҼҶºü죬ûҵ˾뿪ˡ

ʲô֣
֪պΡ

Ұǰӣʲô
лңһͷĲ֪

ʲô
ܸߣģǲˣͼǵͦÿġ

Ұվֱ̧˸߶ȣ
лң֣ûôߡ

ҰӻóһƬ𣿡
лңӹƬǣֲǡ

Ұûģǲǣ
лңŵһ㶣ϸ룬ļǲ壬ҾǣʮˣҲ˰ɡ

Ұҧҧúϣʲôʱʲôʱٳȥ

ǰųȥžͽ˼ձлңˣʱˣһʲôӣӣԣӣʱһЦ֡ǸӦǸ˵¡

ҰסţͷЦ˵㣬ûŵɡ
лң}˵Ц˸ܾЩ̬

úòͣԱ㡣


ɽݣˣա
ϢۼһƺܿҪˡ

ҰǰǰݣڵҲҪ
1930ձ˶ѵ¼˾֪ͷպΣҹϵҪҲʲôܡǰһ˴ˣƺƵȥҡ

ȥլ뵱ԺڻҲ˴ˮҲɺԣһؿҶ
ըزپҵп󣬲ķˮٴΰձһ統ӣֱ꣬ǰӴݣǿҪռ󣬽ݹѺգ裬˶ϡԶҲǰʮµڼϵվʱ׳ѳһʮԴ˾

ֻʣ̫̫һˣլڿտգֵǮĶȫӣչʮļӶֽʱͣʤá

ǰ¹ǰݷãЩ
̫ڴڣͦأ˿Ƿ

ǰºã̫Цһʲôֱ˵ɣӳһլӣʣ壬ҪҪլӣɱң̫ŵʬϲȹȥ
˼ң´˴ǰֻһˡǰ½Ƭϣ̫̫һϣǷˡ
̧̫޶ԡ

ǰ½ƬݽԵļӶ롣
Ӷ̫̫¹ȣùɡ

ӶƬӹŵ̫ǰƬ˵ģ߰°ͣʶû
ô̫̫Ҫϸϱϣ

ʹˣ۾
ǰûƬѹʵүɽϵ˺μཻܡ

̫ۿɽһǧˣպεĶȥˡ
Ǹ̫̫ӣ
ûʲôӺӡ̫վֱͦ˿ȺձˣˣҪȥϢˣ̫͡ŹȥǵĶҵĵء

ǰû취ʲϢֻȥ

뿪̫ȻסӶ֣ᣬѹ㿴ûС㣬С㳤ôˣˡ
ӶҲᣬҲϳˣ⺢ӱСʱˡ

ֲ̫ͣزţпƤһԶȥܣӷ.ǽû¡ЦҡҡͷӶãϧһúõĺӱȺˡ
̫̫ڰ

Զλڻ£ҵĺ





97.  97   ٵ

лǱġ
Ұһȥ, ǳ⣬øϽΪɰ

ɢ, л˺ܶ, ʮͷʮü
˦ӣѱؿҰ

Ұһ, Բҵˣ·ܿ࣬
лȻ֪ƽձ, ȴҲ˿̧Ĺͷҿܲ𡣡

Ұֱѧй˵ĳƺ, , 롣
ĸֳ׽л˼ŭʲôˣյòӶ, ҵ٣лҵĹǱΪ飡

Ұ, Щǳķϣ, , üŭңȽһøĿڽס
лɫѿʵѾµһ, Ů޵ļޣʣһŵĻ֪䣬ҿĸҪӾ

ȻǳأСδŵӣҲô˵
Ҿ֪˷׵Ķлó¿ң类ţлްֹ

Ұѿ࣬ÿ·ɣС㶼档
л˽˴ţȥɤӳ¥Ϻлңҹ

лңлͬһңͬʱ
δлٶ̫Ϥˣһ֪лˡ

лңߵǰ¿һۣҲץˡ
л˼ڴ޲ֱָ̧㻹ǸʲôҲĽţôˣ

лңͷȥڴߵлٵðҪȥ𣿡
ȥɡ

ȥˡлң첽˳ȥ

лһȥ˦һƣڹѸʲô㻹ҪҪǷ֪𣿻żô㣡ҪǱ˿Ҳ㣡
лңûʲôöѡ
ʲôֻŮʲôлţǣһ׵йˣú飡ĪԹ˺죡ߣлסקԺձסȥ·
л˶ݺݵؿǣ˵ù·ÿ
лңӣ˵

Ұεؿˣ̬ºͣ㣬ȥɡ
л˻ͷָıұ죬һסյСӣΪ˶Ҿǣѽбɱң
˶ⱨӦģйɱʣģѪծѪ
ʱڶ֮£ձؽһѩǰܣлǧٲܽⵯ֮أ
ǵСձ

̫ˣձ˳йöй˿̵ɫҰҪѿǰڳڳѽͷնڵ¡

л˳¥л֪֮ܵĶǰ˲岻ίӣ֪գһ͸ðȥι
лңһҰŵһͣسл˵ӣˡ

ңл˦лңȻͱ˴ż㻹кţ˵㶪ˣΪְ࣬ŻôС۸㵫й˵Ѫ͸ô¥˸ɾʡų꣡
ҰʵܲˣͳǹָлˣҲô
лǰһŵǹڣңҰ
Ұͷᶯ

лٴͷ߳ɣ۲ۣ
лȥվȣлңĸ첲ôͲĴ͸һǹ㣡

лһҲͣҰ˵߰ɣҲˣͲһҲźá
ҰҪǹл˺Ȼס֣ǹŶл٣Ұ˹ȥסŶ¡

һǹ죬лңŵöڵϣͷС
µȴлˣ˼ǹεͿ˹

л˱еվ˼룬Ѫȥ
лңУ

ҰĿɿڴؿⲻҪĽ߹ȥһ˦Ǹͷϣ˭εģ
˵ͷȥ

лҧгݵؿҰȺС裬޲ٶʮأξ̣տƴһ

лǰæסĵڡлí˾ԶԶ㣡ң
лѪȥקҰҽԺҽԺ
Ұ˺ѳ㣡

˽л̧ϣҰʻһ·ۿҽԺ
лң޳ɸˣҲ˵һֱŽе

лסлٵ󣬡㻹Ҹգл֣Ҹգգ
ҲģҸүүգ

Ҹˣлʹ㲻лˣлҲܳ飬ܳ㲻ģҲŹ㣡
ûеҸûйϵлٷͷߣлһƽԶлְڿգɱ˺ܶӣ鲻㿴ֻΪҾȡ鱨ǸݵˣҲǸӢۣûжлҵˡлˣˣѲңңҡ
ĪҪƭҡ

ƭ㣬ȫʬ
ǾͺãǾͺáлϢ΢лң

лңϽſЩ
лðѪϢѽһŮҲû뵽߾ֻŮšǵ֣տլѹӸϳȥл٣ҹ㣬Ұլλãܶϣ򡭡
лδ˵꣬ϽӦãһ
Ѫ豨л˺ȻԲ۶ĪҪҡ

ˣϵɿ
лңӺ

лپöһ㣬͵ؿ
ҰȻĴóͣƵĿ࣬ȻȥεغۣԲҲǹģֻμǵĶ飬عںãļ㣬û뵽С١

лƽعţ˿
ҰĻ⼱§סл٣Բ𡣡

л§ţҰǰ޼ңǼҳˡСĵ㣬лҪС


л˱ᣬлңҲȫͻ˼ҡΪ£ҰûҼл١
ǰ»ˣ˸֤˰ҰʣҵʶˡҰ¡ҰʹȥҽԺץˣһأ͵÷ء

δҰûаֻ̣ǴѶҡ
ҰΪһ裬˺õû
㻹գɫѣƤЦһ´ࡣ

ٵңимĸ磬ÿ»ɽȣСûɣҰϵ࣬µҲؾڲϣץʻȻʮ֤ݡ´ǣûϵɣصôǱ˳
е棬ô鵽ģ
ǻÿСٵĽ㣬һ˳ϣûв͸ǽ
лҰüңˡ
Ǵ⣬û취Ұ˿ڲ裬ܷ˿ڣڿɲ÷⡣
ǰ˼ңð찡

ҵû뵽ԨԴ
㻹ôЦЦҪܸãֵд
ֻ֪ٵңү֪֡ҪҪ˵˵

ָӣ¼أ
벻¼Ҳԡ
Ǿ¼ŰɣүүҵķṦΰ󵹣ȷɵ̬ҽк㣬ɽˣկٵң꣬Ҳ1913ꡣС̫һĵܵͬĸ츸Ĵ磬кտ1930ڹӰɱ1931꣬ҼԴǱձعν¾᳤̻Ϊ˸õվڲȡ鱨Ҳ˸вսȫ汬ȥϺξʮʦһ·쵽ӪҾ׶һ£ڲϾǱһ꣬СϺǰô꣬С鱨ʮȻ̯֣
Ұɵı飬оǰδеη壬ǲˡ

ΪС٣Զᱩ¶Ͼ꣬δһ˻ɹ㡣𣿡
ҲˣǰҲˣӶԵң̾ⱲΨһͶԲʱûú۹졣

ӦһС̫һ֪׵ܣ³
ЦˣƤ

ͻȻҲеϲˡҰ룬ֵĽ㣬ȻǸʧߣĹһ
ûһ̣˭ʤ˭ܻ֪ء
νҰ˫㲻С٣

ҵŮˣǿţҲġָָԼء

ҰվӸµؿĵϸһˣȻûһģЩֵϧĪԱ
ԸϣȴʵķԸΪһѹ̡߱
װ׸ӢۣƫԸ˫ֳӣ΢ЦһС֣ĹϣԶ㣬˼¡





98.  98   ·ͷ

Ұ˽¼С̫һ, ˴ӺлˣлٸӺԼ, ֻܽС̫һֽ㡣
֮, С̫һ߳ŭһֱĸ, ôͷһض˴Ļ𣬺ӿƲסĭɣǱƭ˻һֱ
۾ʧǵţҲ֪

ڵ۹Ǳô, ҲжǵʿΪ鱨ǵľӣС̫һֲ泯ϣסŭ𣬡֪йЩ𣿡
֪鼱ٵ, ܸ, 㸸岻ãܲסġ
㻹֪岻ãС̫һһӳԶˤȥ, ǼûôظǲĴ̹Ҳû˻, ƭǲܵõԭµġĶ𺦴ձ۹飬ɱʮζܵ
Բ𡣡
С̫һͷĬĬᣬԵӡ, 󷽡, ʲôֵܴݽȻҵعͥԼӡ꣬дСҲȫٳ, ѪԵĸʮĸףϣһȫʬ


С̫һҹȥηٶûֻձ
һйˣת꣬´ȥܴ衣С̫һҰΨһһ¼٣Ȼ󽫻Ѻܴ˽¡

ηţͷǽС̫һڵؽȻһ䣬һ
С̫һؿ㡣
𴽽ǣнгֻе֡

С̫һǰһ죬㻹Цó
ҿһ֣Ҫɱɱʲô

С̫һת󣬺ƽһֱΪǸѧķαװĿãĸ׶ƭ
Цһû˵

ӣм־塣
ٳЩûõģ̇ӣأ

أ
Ҹ糤񣬺߰δֲҲ

ѱͱΪˡС̫һóһСƿҩŵĴߣȻСؼң빲㷸˴ԾǸ׵ӣҵĸס
ɫСҩƿһӵ£ͷҩιҡ

С̫һһ˺ֺۣۣҾ磬㵱ܵܣһҲûɹ
ƿӣЦؿڰͲóҵĽɡ

Щ󲿷ʱ䲻һ𣬵С̫һüͷЩɿĻ㻹ʲôҪ˵𣿡
뿪սɡ̹ȻҩӶᡢɱ¾кýƿӣ֣صؿһġ


Դлٲ֪Ұÿ춼Ҫҩ
ŨŨĿζִһ¥лٲ֪ôˣҲûѯʹ

еߣҲˡԴлȥŶȥ

Ұպҩͽ˸绰лٷſ˺ܾúܾãֱŽ
ʱлСɳϷһֱ֪ҰţҲһҹδۡ

Ұţãߵǰ
л̧ۿˡ

Ұý㡣лٱ͸ģˡ
лޱ顣

С̫һҹȥġҰ΢֣˵ι˶Ȼϵˡ
лĬĬţһҲԡ

ĸףķǳǸǸ£ѾˡסַǰۿҰ㣬ֻһ㡣
ôҸ˵ġ
⣬Բ𡣡ۿ죬һᲹġ飬׺ĸ׶֪ˣҶ˵㻳˺ӣǺܸˡ

лЦһǸڵɣ
ǵģѾ·ˣһһҲû˺㣬ֻ뾾񡭡㡣

ʲôʱʼҵģ
Ÿ˼̵ʱ򡣡

ôˡлټʣȻأ
Ҿ˸㣬㻳ˣк顣ǵȥȡҪһĹ./ûס̣ᵽ˴춬ʱּҲ²춬һ͹./ʲôϵҰۣһһ̹ףҾͷֱ֪ǵ顣

ˣˡ
С̫һĻᶯɱԼĶ
лûлش

ҿȥѷڿǲҰЩϥǣΪ㣬ҿԷŹ¾ʹ˹ȥ
вң飿
ô붼ԡ

ǲҼ޸㣬Ͳ׷ˡ
ãҿ£ǻǰ

֪ǸʲôģߣһǻΪЧ
˵ҪʲôҶԸ㣬һսͷתҿ͸㣬ֻҪ㿪һ㡣

Ӹա
Ұϲá

Ҫ磬ˣϺ𣿡
ڵģȥ


лٱһֱ費˼룬ռлپʹ顣
лٶҰ˵Ҷˡ
ʲô
嵭ġ
ãϾͺá

ҰߺлٽŹϣȥ䣬ˮͷ򿪣˵ֱ⣬һǸм𣿡
ҡҡͷͱͽҽԺȥһΣʿ˵˽ˡ

磬Ҹæ
ʲôæ

۵궫ߵڶһԿףһԿһһ̵ĻۣҵԺȥԥ԰·ʮһ1203䣬ҵһɫСӣ򿪣Сȡһ񵯣Ȼȥ¹óһɫ£һɫΧһɫӺһ˫ѥ񵯷ŵ¿ڴ͸ҡ

㡣ˣҪʲô
ʣͺá

㲻͹ͬھ
ꡪ
УһƲứĵС

лȥᣬղ棬ù¥Ҫ飬ǲ飬ǲһſһ۾ͻ鵽ʹһ
粻ͣҡͷС

ҡ
Ҫ

ˡл߬䣬ҪҸ𣿡
δ򣬰練ȹ£㣬㲻źӣ
лٹҵĺӣҲԼĹ

ʵһ취ģһӳȥģҸ滻ɣߣǻ·ʱΧͷȥû˻ᷢ֡
㵱ձ˶ɵ𣿡
ҲҪ

лٱס磬ٵʱҿˣóʲôǴ£ɽŷ¡򵥵顣ϾʱҿΪǵͷȥձˣزһҰȥձģҵǰҲҪҹҹͬߣҵĺ
㡣

𣿡
ҡˡ

۵ڶ룬һһ̻۵Կףԥ԰·ʮһ1203׻Сӣһ񵯣ŵڴ¿ڴס𣿡
סˡ


˹
粽Աߣˡ

Ʈ˻Ҳˣ
㻹š

㿴ΧǸϷӡ
鵹ϱȿˮ

̧ӣӹ豭
С㡣

ۿ
ΪҴһӶֲ𣿡

Цһ±ӣһʼ֪
š

Ϊʲô𴩣
Ҷӡ

Һʹʱûǵӡ
ЦһҲɽ뿪γԣҲûһ첻ǡ

ʮСʱǰ
ץסС̫һ·ǰ¡

С̫һҪ鳤𣬡㸸ôķϣĹһɡһ͵ԶԶģҲ


֪ĸǴӶģֱҰסлûа׼ʱ˯Ҫ˸˵鲽ߣеҪϢ
лٵͷкʧˡ

¥´֪ĳһֱҪȥ磬ҰǼ»飬ֻƭ˵ȥϾˡ
֪ϿлȥϾ

˿ĵؿлٵĶӣ·ݻСȶȥɣչ㡣
á

˴СͳһӣҰ׵ʱģھʹϰɡСĴ򿪣ͷչʾл٣ܻ̫ĶͣҰ͸ҵģҰ㡣
лίߣ̫ˣҲա

ֱС׵ϣδΨһϱǱյġ֪Ҫûᡣ
ҲŲҪ֪Ʋֵ߽ſβҵġ
лٳ΢Цһ¡

ڿԽɩˡ֪ſ̽Ķӣ
ק֣ôҶ

֪Ʋ򵽴ϣͷűӣǽ飬͸Ҹˡ
Ҫſţע̬
֪ߵؾƨɣ̾һҪ

Цˣ֪⺢ӾǱ߻ˡ֪ͷɲӡ
֪ˡ


ճŵҪͺ뿪йɾȥϴּĹˡ
ıеԱϼҲ֪١ҰסլΧܲձˣԾɭϡ
ȻӴų

βȥ˵ĵطǰס硣
ΧסһΰûȴϤϳ򣬽û
ûʱѣɽ
Ҳûлش⣬򣬽񵯹˵Ұĸ׻֣Ҫ͹ͬھֹ

Ҳ֪

ɿǸСߣ뿪
أȥȽ𣿡
ܺԼ


лֱһ׺صĺͷôһһ㣬񵯰࣬һҲ
Ұۺܵ͵عҲúܺãлҲ֪ҪԷĵطЩˡ

겻ڷһƧС¥ûĵΧձܱȴ±
ʵϣҰ۲ϱƲйˣκζӼҪȢ˺ӡںķϣΪѵؽˡ˵μӶ磬ȴ뼸ձڰ￪СʱĻ顣

֪ʵסˣ־ڸϣҴߴ٣ֻðĸױԹҪȵʲôʱҿˡ
лٵҪҪȽеԵĸ㣿
׿ҵġȻСĽ֪˾񣬡ҳȥ͸͸׳˵ӣϴּ䡣

˵Ҫܡ
֪

ڱţǽһ߾㶹ɵСҹ֪ġйʳﲢ࣬νϲ֮
֪ѭζ˵ܹ

Ծ˵йָȻš
̯ʣҪ٣
֪Цָ

㡣ǽ֪߳ʱȼɻģֱ˹ȥ§ס磬˵ȥϾˣ
ǰϲ

ΧĻҰ۴ģ֪£С˼ֹܣֽûж롣
֪§סţҺ㣡һʱزĻҾȥϾ㡣üߵˣôˣüǣܴˣ
ûУ˵㽣
ľͺ㿴ˡ
ûʲô֪Ķɺˡ

֪ĵؽӹⲻҲǾϲɣ
ϲѧգԺض
֪ץֻôôá
ǰ𣿡
ףҲᡣ֪§סĸ첲충Ŷãĸ׶ڣÿһԷ
һžҾͲȥˡ
֪첻ߣδҲһ˰קźȥ

ҰҰٴӰлӭǣΪһʧðǡ
ѽ񵯴ͳصֻ

ҰҰļ磬֪˵ЩʲôӶͬʱЦ
Ϳ쿿ˡ

ʮףףס
ͣл߹ȥ䡣

Ȼ¥´궯
лָմһٵĺ֨

ɫһת
ֻЮס֪ǹڵԴ

Ұһл󣬡Ȼûſ֪ȫʬ
Ұ۱±棬ͷˮһΪд˾٣Ұ˻⣬㷴ˣҷǹ

֪ίؿ㶹һأ磬ǹָʲôҿЦˣſҡҪֱס׳ĸ첲ĲӣҪ
㰴ƽǹ֨

Ұѻͳǹſã
ؿڼÿ⵽ô£ץ֪ʲôձӵ˵𴦣

֨ߡ
лٳ߹ȥҰ߬ס˻ȥ

ҰǿˣҰקסлٵͷϵǰлšסһŤһƳȥҰۺ޷һиȥ
ǹָҰѸסл٣廤סǹ
лѲͳе񵯣ſҡ

˺Сģ
ʱ˺˶¡

лûҰĸлٶԼȭߣǲ֣Ҳſ㣡ܣ
һߵ֪Ȼ޺ţ磬磡

ҰЮֵãʹ֣лٴ׼һת̧ϥֱ.塣
Ұ۵沿ͺ죬ʹؿԼǹܵߡ

ҰŲվŭɶ𣺡ҰҵĺŮˣ
Ю֪߳ꡣ

л˼ʻס֪ʻձҶҰۣԱ˵ǹ㣡

ҰΨһĶӳ£˳
֪ץźĸ첲ΪʲôҪ

лٷӣˡ
񵯵ۣſڵһȺӹȥصһŵͷ¡͵ؿǹҰԥسȥ
Ұۼǹڶ׼ԼĶӣʶػס߲࣬һӵֱԴ

ףף
ӷʻ롣

֪׵£شźֱۣʲôɱҸףִ򣬺ҧţɱ㣡Һ㣡

ܿг׷
֪ͣ˻ȥץл٣ʲôϵΪʲôߣǱҺҰʲô

ȥ

Ұ֪ͨ·ؿأлһ·쭣֪εͷĿѣ
ǵˣӳȥǲܵġ

Ǳסǰǻֽ
û·ˡ

һۣһ㡣
л֪Ҫʲôʲôûʣ٣㽫֪ȥס̣

лٴ㲻ġ
Ҳ͹ͬھ𣿡

㻹ܻš
㰴סļ磬סӣ͵ת䣬ˣ޶в̸ܱα

Ӳȥġ
֪

ǰ㱻ͣ
ĵҩùˣлǰǹƽձȥ

ռϼͣŴҪΪԼһӵǡ
ձ

лٰǵϵĺͷͷϷɫĻȥʽ̷Цſ㣬Ҳٱץȥˣ߰ɡ
˼ס֣ŵԼһĦ棬ʮָۣá

ǰŲȵףǰļз쿪˹ȥͷײķѣ㵥סֱֱ̣򽭱ߡ

ҰںĳЪ˹˻𣺡סǡס

ɿ̣ȥӵ±Ӱɣȥ㡣
л§סĲӣЦҲתġ

гһζˮ
סл٣ȥ㡣

̹ǵĽˮ壬ûһ̣ḲĶϣסǡ

ҹҰ뿪ǰһ⣬Һ֪ԣ֮ĸҪ

Ҫ
ûˣʲôҪ





99.  99   Ư

ҰֽлٵСó, Ķ
ЩƬϵһûлͥФ, лӭ, ΨһźգǰЩӼллң
һֱƬ, ӦǱȽӵˣһôãлٴδԼǡǰΪֻа硢ǿԼ

Ұǿɫ, ƺʲôر֮Ưܶ࣬Ҳر͸
߹ұߣִұ߹ߡ
Ǻ

뵽, Ұָͣ, һԵӣ顣
С, һ

١鲻ɽ˵ϢǺ, ²СĴ̼ˡ
Ұɽȡ¹ŵĴ, , ͷ˳ȥ
յſڣŵ顣ҰûǨŭǶӣĸĸ, ѺֵŮϣֻĮػû̵ˡ

æ뿪ſڵŮˡ
ɽ½ƬݸҰۣޱȥҪĵǰۿڣĿųɽ˵㿪

Ұ絽ʮӣʱѳ㡣²㴬ȥɽ´ŹΪǰ·ҰｫֵͲùȥȰɡ
ǡ

ɢһѪгڴµľζ
һסֽŵϣƫͷȥֵ̧סۣоһӰǰ档

ҰƿѪģͽףֽžͷˡ
㳯˹ޣס

֪㽫ȥ𣿡Ұߵġݵı飬ЦЦתֵ磬ȥĴ˵꣬½ںϣ˸㣬㱻ˣ˵ڽѣ̷ֲΪѡһ˼·صֵ磬ִ򿪣ٹصٴ򿪣ź΢Ĺ仯һҵºȭݣǳʺ㣬ͬϰֽдĴӮһǧͷɡ
Ұļ磬嵹ʵӦܴͦɣúЩ./ȭɱӮļǶ٣ҲӮһͲˡ㣬ǧղͣҲðꡣӦҲּ֪ޱ˶㲻ÿ춼οܻųһˡʮ꣬ǾģʮԺٳ֣᲻һߡ

ţ.Ӵÿ졣
ҰֽŰɣһͱˣҿǶ㱧кܴӻͳһƬùŸ͸㣬㵱룬ĸϢˣûѹҽ˵ˡҵĺûˣҸиĺӡҰƬѪһ˵֪Сֶ𣿡ʳָôˣӸһھûˡ
㿴Ƭϵл٣ڲϣ֣ɱ㡣

ҰЦɱңȻų˵ɣȻָɣҸĺѾ쵽˰ɡƬںǰվʵûд˽̳ҲģĽãһ᳹׵׵Ĺңͷ߰ɡת뿪ڰĴգúô˵ǵ㡣


»Ϻ֯½ͷסţصϢ
򿪣ˡ

ǽæӭȥô
ҡҡͷ˵

¸ݣŹغãҡͷʲô˼
ҽԺͬ־˵ҰҪձƣôãǳ漣̾˿ûϣ

סȭҪҲ
׮׮£̫ˣȳǲܵġ

ǾͿߣʬ嶼.𣿡
ǲΪһ֮ðôգϺ¸Сشˡ
ңʹļ׵ץͷΪʲôң


Ϊƭ磬Ұϴٰ̳лٵĻɱˣһأȥ
ɻضʮСʱң˸ձҽһ·ͬ
˺֪Ѿĸûһ취ӶԵŮϣȥĸ׶ûпһۡ

лٱͽõҽԺҰ粽ͬ
Ҳû˿ԱʰʣصȰ򡣿ľѱ䣬޷صǸ״̬ǿл٣дʣֿһᣬĿٻصʱͻһ˺£ڵϡ
ĵֽš

Ұÿն˵ϵƣ򣬸ǰдľ籾С˵
Ѿһûʳˣ촽ɳѺۣƤһ˺Ѫֹ

ϣڵ˺Ϣ
ҰźסƱһϵļſлߣһһչʾڼ֮գһ֣֮
ձˣѹһµݻšסлٱ֣һǽ֮ɣҸϲ֡
ǲˣ౧ӸϣɵԱ߽ӵźıӣھͲˡ

ﾲĿ¡
Ұͷߣ΢ĺ֪˵ѹҴȥŵϷ硣
Ҳձˣϲ
ѾҪˣΪһ
ǲġ
һġ


ձĵ졣
֪һǡ챻³ûˣǷĹ˵ͷһ׵˺ۡ

ҰлٷھǰΪͷ
֪վſڣžʧĸ磬磬Һú¡

ҰЦˣɩ
֪˺һ

ʲô߹ס֪󣬡ɩӣ
֪뿿Ұ룬ȻݺݰھǰУɩӣ
ҲҪһˣ֪ȭߣ磬һ㣬ˣǰˣ
ҰסĲӣ˵ʲô
ˣʬǶ͸ˣٲ𻯵Ҫˣ

Ұһ˦ϣƵǽߣȥ
֪ίڵϣ󱳱ײۣӡ

Ұ˳ȥصšлٴҲ൹ȥҰϽӼΪͷ֪ϲԺˣòã
°ϣž԰׵ԵЦҵ֮Ư


Ұȥ䣬֪ǰ¥µлٵʬ̧ߡ
ϿտգӴܣ¥µ֪˹ȥסǲ㣿ˣ
Ҳ㣡㣬磬ң˸ףǼң֪ݺݵؿձأҪӽι㣡
ҰɴۿסĲӣ˵˵˵

Ұ׷ȥҪԼá
һ̣ɿˡ

Щ˿Ĳ죬ҰԶԶ˳Ѿ˲Ҫĳ̶ȣײǰĳӱͣ£سȥҿţİ˳
ˣΪղŵײͷѪ£ˣҲǴ㡣лʹ飬֮Ҳߵģҡ仰ǽˣԣͨʦ
Լһ򼲳۶ȥ


һֱæɥ£οʵѣҰ俴һۡ
ֻͷŵƣϵ˸ſӰ΢΢ζɭɭģ˸ֹŹֵͰڼ
Ұڷ䣬һľУѪȾĲ͹ֵķ䣬Žľз

˾ۣ߹ǰŴѪɴ󣬡Ұ㵽ôˣȥҽԺɡ
Ұ̧濴˫۲Ѫ˿ȦϺڣһ˲ģؿԼĸףꡪҵ֮˯ˡЦָָӣ𳳵𳳡


һº
֪ǰ磬찵գֵζһȦŷָ¹϶д֡
ߵǰľظҰ硣

Ұ̧ͷȻȥ֮ôˣǲˣԳң
֪ƿ֣㿴˭

Ұӻͳһǣ㿴ҵǣһֱûóԡ
֪ȥһߣˣܲѵ㣡

ҰŹȥʰǣᴵ˴ѵ֪Ҷ˵رġϾʱ򣬱Ĳ˶ûǹֻҡԭλд籾ȵңǵĹºܿдˣò˶ãԺٽҵԱݳȫݣȫݡ

磬ɡ֪·ֱվҪ˳ѧϰ֪ʶȥ


һĻйˣһ̨ϡ
ÿһ죬ǶƻܣŰܣȭɭϣÿÿץⲻñһٶ

ȻͷʢסҲרչʳӣڼ塣ûԸʧȥɣ̨ϲɨʱ䣬ʲôһڷյĵ£ա

ȭû֣еֻǴţСһαѪ졢ز𣬱֮ȴһסԷΪʤȫڡѪϵӦȾѪ죬Ĵű㱻ĳˡ
һ𽥳˵ȭģıܻΪȭӮǮעƥҪѪֺףսԺաӮùɳõıʹˡ
㵹ȥ

һꡣ
ٴ¶棬Ķʮһ

ºȭ֪Ѫȡ񡢺޹ԣǾڴ˵ꡣʽʤʲôҪ

ػ谵ѹֻ֣м۵İ׹̨ϣѪŵ塣
˴ζԾһйˡ

ǺԵĳ棬κһҵȭֻԼĹˣôҲ²ȥ֡
ʽײޱȣѾ˺ܶ

̨µĹźֹ
ѽʲô
.С.֣


ڲͣѡʧܡɶԷ֪֮ͬ԰ڵϻȭ
УϤġеġůģ
СձӸ㣡

ɽĵһͱ
㱻˿ڣӻСݡ

ɢһۡ
Դװ˸̨ƵģͣƳĵ粨š

˸ˮѵغ˿ˮ
ƽţǽϼ¼֡

ҪӮٰ߰ʮ߳
ʱñ겻ÿһȫʤʱҲˡ

Զִ
ǸС࣬ÿÿ𽥸ƽ

ۣƽ
֪ʲôӣ˻ˣ˻Ůˣ
ԺǸֳлٵģҹϾİͷЯɢػδŰ߳Сͺ

ƬСϸ͸΢⿴
ҡ







100.  100   ʤ

ȭ١
մڵ, Ϣһ֪ʱŷ̽䣬ʵľǣйӮûС

һҹ
Ȼ, м˱˳ȥ

Ķ, Ųǰ, ȭܹ£ʷġ
ձһקĿյϣиС۾ѯ, ôˣ

ʷһѴǳ£
Ǳϥ¡ţǲ, ֱͦ, Աֱȼվš

ǹ죬ձ˵ѪС
ʷǹڶź, ˣҵĺñ
, û˿η塣

㲻Ϊʲôɱǣ
ǲǻҪģ

ʷǹЦձ͵Ϯ, Ƕսˡ
治ɫע

ʷü, ͷӡļƣҼǵֽССɣ
ûлش

ʷȡԿףҳǰѲӸֽ̧ס, ĵС⣬ֿˣ
ܲôΣǱץˡʷһϣ֪йˡǿûôܴ򡣡
㽫򿪣û

˵ǱձģϵľǹˣǰǸ˰ɣʷͳѩѵϣҵֵǵը.¡ź㣬ҸѡΪҴȭΪ˲ξ.Ⱥձƨɡ
ת󣬡Ҫع

ֻѡ
Ǿһѡ

ҿɱ㡣
֮ǰһŤĲӡ

ʷĳỊ̆Σһ䣬ôƴֻΪɣ
㲻شĵ⣬ϵʬ壬ſȥ

ûҵ߲ʷЦһȥץסļ磬̱ǯסҪ۶ϣſң쵰
ɿ

ʷ󣬴ӵϼѩѣ˴ͷĻҳҿԷߡҧסѩѣЦſѣѡ
ѩѣ·ĿˮŷһڣŨŨʷϣźźÿףеҵĻӦ÷ߡ
δӦһȭסʷĵ°ͽŤѩȻллңܾˡ
ʷ³ϲѪԡ

ɿҼȥʷıת˿Ѫû·ѣٴһҿԸӮǮΪꡣ
ͣ½ţͷй˵ݴ򡣡


¼һλ轵ʧȥ˹ճҲܵӰ죬ܵ벻ƽԴøϾ֮ǰѡصձ

һ̴뿪òȺձ˴һ𣬼Щֻͨڡȥл٣ȥҰˡ

ҿյģֻһɨӵĸˡ
㷭ӵʱ͵ȴӾƽ͵ƣŲûͱһѵס˲ӡ

ŵþ֣ļ
㽫תϣٽۡ

˺䤱ֶ¡
˶ȥˣ
ȥȥйˡ

ҰǲǴһŮˣ
Ҳ

Ÿ˵ĲӣһʹſǻĲ֪ȥ׸ģֻ֪زʱղ࣬ȥйĺˡ

ʲ⸾ʲôҲ֪Ұķ䣬ʰĸɸɾǰЩֵĶȫ㵽ͼҳһ˿¹﷭ۣǱ룬Ұĳһ

ȥСؼңҲǿһˣСӦûϺ
ڶ죬û̽һϢϺ

ǰлסĵطѾͣ۵Ҳˡ֪ҪȥҰ磬ϣ֪лٰϢˡ

Сػסϵط·طʱڽͷöؿļڼᶯعͷˣĿࡣ
ȡñӣҡ

סǣʲôҲû˵ȥϷţŻصߡסĸ첲㻹ţȻšۿ΢죬᲻Լʧ̬һֱ㣬ȥˣ
㲢뽫Щ˵Ҳûѣ֮ģ
ǸŮˣɿ䣬Ұ˸Ҳҵİ̽ģҰձˡ

Ұأ
Ѿ׾ˡ

ļ˵й
Ҳɡ

ܲܰҲһ飿
ü㻹Ů˲ģ
ҵģ

Ҳȥ˺䲻֪ʱ﷢ʲô£񣬷·ƵģѾΪա
תͷߡ

վסȥȥ
Լȥҡ

ܲѵ㣬ҪΪ
ƿ֣ܡ

ȵȣסεֻ֪֪Ͼû˵ҰлСϢ
лл

С
δ˵꣬˳ȥ
վڴڿߵӰʹطСġ


֪ڵѶƹÿ춼гؽ˶ӣ֡죬絥ȥ򵰸·Ͻ˽ס
֪ͬñ棬ֻһ˫۾ϳ˼ĺˡס죬жǹǽϣɿĿڡ
Ұƭ˵ˡ̫ˣ֪ѲˣνŤôôʱȥˣ

أ
ʲô֪Цһл֮ɣԣ֣֮˹
Щϵһ𣬶ʱ֪ǽĦۣģ
ҾͲ㡣֪ɩӴأ˸ӣɩкӾ᲻ˣĸԸڸߣȥҰɣ

̣
ô֪תƣһᵽһᵽǣںӱȥ

ɿתߣ֪ȥסظҸˣ㻹ȥʲôҺãСҰʮˣ۾ϹΪʲôң
һư֪סȲţ϶Լǹ󣬽ǹ£˻úö飬ս

֪ʹŴƲסк£㣡ҵģɱҵĸףƭô꣡һֱҼҵĹϵӽС㣡Һú㡣ס䣬Ҳð㣬һ㣬ҵﲻãΪʲôϲҡ

˦ȥ
ˣȥˣˣ磡
硭


ûʧڡ
йձ̫ˣ鲼ءΪ֪һ仰ܵ˺ӱ

ʵߣչ⡢ɱ⡢⡱ģɨײеɱƽ䱻ϴ١
˵иһ֧·ӣ˺üʲô
õĴ𰸶ǲ

ǣŲһ򡣿սһһϦ֮£ʤҰܣʤһһࡣ
һתۣѾ1943ס

һɽУǻ׽ʮձܷʸɱ
շѹŶɽűߣкҪҵըһֻ֣ҪʸҾ
ڸղŵسУ˵ȣһȳһյس߬ձ죬İȻȭȥΪʲôǣΪʲôǣ

һº󣬺뿪˲ӡʼûٲξΪ֪һ࣬ͱӾж޷ȥˡ
뿪Ƭ򣬼ڹأһˣһɱСʱ䲿жʱڳаɱ䵥Ĺӡ
ֱ1945ģձͶ㻹ûҵ


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ԲǵǹӡҲˣɽӣҲҫ档ڸСӣûаûаѦۺ죬ᣬȴ˻Ǻúӡ


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ФƵĹ̫໰Ҫ˵ֻһ䣬
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С̫һΪսдͽ̡
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ȥ˶֪ץסң絽ȥˣȻûеһεģ嵽ָƤ

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ɱң֪ЦݺݵҲ㡣

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㷭ɣ㷭һҲǣ֪ǰˣѾԼǷεˣһ˷ӣȫǷӣ͸˵ǸѾˣ

סĲӣ֪ͷײǽ۵ᶼð˳
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ƭ㣿ʲôƭģ֪ǿᣬ㲻Լȥ粻ձȥҰɡź㲵ģͽŽɵ񣬺Ȼһֻ֪ЩѾܶûϵˣȥĸУԼȥҡ
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ԶȥıӰҪˣҪˣ

㲻ȷ֪ǲǰƭԼɲǼ٣Ϊһ仰ȥ
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ԣ֮˵ȥδ޵֡

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ӻصݣսʱ˹.ųͶڽ.ֽ񱻵ְδޡ
ЩֽǮɽոǡ

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˵͵͵ҵġ

ٵңմĹ⣬򽫾ͽУûξڻ֪ʲôӡǣסδ޵֣ǰİгȥ統ûȥձԵף׼ܳɸ

ʲô
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Цŵţ§ɽȥк㡣

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ѾʮûˣսʱҲ֪ܶʱһֱ˵һЩţ˵ϺһŮѳˡ

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ɽķҶˡ
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㲻, е嶼ˡѧЩал, ҲһӰ
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ѧϰӶǰ, ҹҹεͬǱкĸֲ״εɱӵĻ棬εǰҰڶߵૡ
ŵÿһӣǼ尾


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짼øȥ, ô죿ôȥһ, Ǳ߻иӦһ߰ɣ

лٶԣǽ, Ҫмʮļ䣬иĸס
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짳˹סקյĴҲˡ

짴ţû˵ʲôҪҲˡ
ҲˡĸҵͷһؼҰɣҵûдꡣ

짲ܷģΪֻŮĻ֮ƣ粽һҹûбۡϼֲס˻Ǳѵġ
Ѿʰϣ֪ͨһֹżȥѧУˣ緹·򣬲ˡ

짻æͷεҸٰɣڼϢһ졣
á

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짲ܷģϿֱ漾ţҸ߹ȥ
·߸˶ĸŮ˲ţ짲ʱбƳһۼŮֵֹģȴ˵֡

Ŀǰޱ߹ܶһ·ľȴȻͬ˫ȻеƶѧУԽԽ
ͼȥԺһֱУſڵţɣû뵽ĵˣסͤ˵˼仰

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ûٷ顣

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飬˰üġ

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ƤƣؿŸͤתĺԤף㾭ȥ棬֪֪ʲôֹĵط
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طǼԼģǽһСһ벻֪ôͣˣ¥߷棬ټ磬൱졣

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ͤŵˣһֱ߽Ϊجˡֵشôˣ

ǰԾһţȻסƵرޣҪҵȵʲôʱ򡣡
ʲôȵʲôʱ򣿡ͤͣο˺ˣˣȥ̲ȺòãԺҲҽˣԲ˯

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ͤ⸱ģ˵ˡֵֹģȴǰɥʮֵġᣬ˲ҿһЩճСϰ߶ˣǳദɻ˸

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ͤգգۣǣⰡ

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ͤһͷˮɿԾ̯ɡ


عͷͷˢ⣬Լ˵ĻһֱϣԼԺúѧϰúȥˣ᲻ٳ֣һԼǷϵģȥ


짴δԿôߵķϾһֱСëϡᣬڳӣʲôѧרҵһʱ벻ȥУ岻꣬ѡ˸Ͼҽƴѧ

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짹ɣͻϾÿ춼Ҫͨ绰ȷİȫȥնᰴʱ簲 

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ʱֲԼ˭ǰļմл٣ʱýµ缫ȲУΡ

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ЦѺ˧Ŷ
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ǣŵ˫֣Ľ΢Ц

ܿ쵽վƵߣڹ䴦һСײ棬ǸС綯ȥ

ճվڣһ޷ӭϮĻ괵ɢڿУһƬƬװķ϶Ȼǰһ˫ɫЬ
ʰЬǰ仨Ϊס·Ǹ˼

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102.  102   

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Ī˵ıӰ, øߣ޳ͦΣÿһ׾˰ɡ˶ϴſñӣߣС, һɫ˶ֱ, ˿ȥ硣ļܿӱ, ɽһǰ

кͻȻͷתߡ
Ķ̷紵˱ͷ, ңǰЩԼ, һû

Ҫ, кţסԼĿڴ
Ŀڴôôס

ҳԸҪεˡ, ɫºȴ޷ܾǿơżһұ꣬ʼǣֲţӻϽʣµзŶڻȥƿȪˮ
һԲؿ๾һƿˮȻһ鷹ţ˺װֳЦҪ𣿡
ҡҡͷ

кûȥǣ°ֽڳһţǵڶĸ
ûгԱȥ˺档

ڴ
ȴʱкտЦʣʲôˣ
ûлشǰ۾峺顭ˮ

ס㣬͸ߣ
ǡ

ʲô
ĪЩĻţȻôʱоĪѹȸС˿Ŀ㷢
кȥ棬ԾɴŲõЦҵˡ˽棬ڳ

ĳ࣬һǶˣɼ̻Ҳʧ̬³çЩĿɰҲ˧ʲôĿġ
һֱȻ֪ǿֱ׼׼ȷĪʱƭҲոһ긴һ˼˶ݵĻر

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һҾƵȥͻȻͣ½ţӲγ֡

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кΪ뻳Ĳлȥ磬ǴӼôģӽʼҵӾе֣ǺȻֺܶİĻ棬ͬʱһЩֵΣֻ϶ģǺᡣҲ֪Ҫȥ㣬ֱϸεһǸղżǸվߵ¥ǣĲ̫ңΪҽ˺öѣϣҶɹˣûôڡԲ˵ѳԣ̫ˣȻܵЦ֪ͼζһ𡣡

Ρ㣿
š

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ǣȥǰһŴͩ
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ܻشɳţңҺܿ
á

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İ̴ӺȥȻתסá
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ƵסԶյԢſڣӵһ绰ܻ˵ҪһҽԺȥɣ2304ңǡ131219
á
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ҪӦûܾã㡭ҡȥȥɡ

ܻط֣Ÿչϣͷ˳ȥϳ٣·һ·ȥҽԺھ벻Զ
һ𳵻ˣȱ֣üýйæ

ܻǸģͻ˵ݿڣæ׷´ûȥ˵һֱϵš
;лʿǲ˼𣿡
Ժػش𣺡ҽ

࣬ɫһͿ˯ŵˣСĶ׵ǰǰ곤ÿ˵ǰ޹ϵٵĺҲ㽣üĿ۾΢΢Щ˫ƤҲǳ곤״Ǻӵ˫簲ĳԨ䡣ܻص˫ƤëҲܳЩǰӲʣüĿ㣬ɾ
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ˡ
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Ҫܻذס˫磬ͬ˭üң˭
Ť˫㿪С
СЦϳС㣬ԴСؼ𣿡





103.  103   

Ѿʮ, Ǹʽ˾ӣҾߴԭľɫƫůɫ, Сܰ
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ܻȥ˶Ь, ЬɰֻŶȥδҲ̫ˡ
üһ, ȥ򡣡

ȥ򣿡
и̵겻ţòԶϵݿָ䵽Űϣӵס壬

ȥˡܻشŰɫ, վڵ, ȥһЬҿԲ
ֱ̫, СһڻԼ㰫ôҲ165, ǰûõСޡ

ĵˣϴϴ˯ɡ
⻰ģˡ

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ܻɳϣɨܣĿǽϵĴСϣһľܣ˻ƿܻȥЩ಻ǺֻܶûƵİ׵ĺĻͦÿ
ȥشĲлùϣһᣬ˳Աߵǰչղر˸ƷֵĻꡣ

һ㲣µİɫֽϻ˺ܶߣܻؽƿĿⱻסһ㡣
ʲô
ɱˡǹӣұǺ顿
ࡿ

ַ̧ܻۣЩֻҵĻ档
Ƶڽ귢ΣƵЩ⧲˳ʱŵһͷ顣
¶
ʳˣ㴲ϣҲˡ

뿪Ͼ


˰ױޣѽɢӦ춯궯Ļ޷סѺĲлױһͬʮһ
Ǳһƴģɢ̫ҲûܻΡĹУʵظܵǰأܵÿһϸڡ
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ɸһüջȥߴߣòš
׳ĬƬ̣Сͳȥתֻ㣬ô˰ͷҲΡ
ɢĲƲл껹Σ
ʶûѴιպεģô쵹ǸӦ

ˣҲм㡣
ŪĻô죿

궦˰ѹյͷ˻ߣס׵ֻһ취
ʲô취

Ͷ̥ȥꡣ
ͬ𣿡ವķɵǰ˼ȥ˵Ӧò⡣

ʹŹӹȥĪңһ
״ԶЩϻ

Ļš
Ըĳˣų϶˵꣬һϹ׶ÿ죬ܿҺһԲϾͶ֣ͷ

򿪻ѣĲлųȺػţɢ
ҡͷпҲ̫ˡ

лУȥʮڴ˰ЩС͵˻ʡ
˲ƵϺţȥȥȥϺϢ

оʮһǰõıʮǴ඼죬شк
²ҡܿתҵ٣ʦãʦĿģֱԵĪ£
ȷ󡣡

к½±ǡ
Ҳٻел꣬ظᣬȥͶ̥

лꣿⰡ
влųӰ

ʦⲻǹѲʹ
ˣޣԼûˡźæ
С¡ʦһ
˾ְɡ
ʲô»󽭹ҸĻܾĺܡ
Цʱȥǡ

ʦ룿
Ǳ㲻Զлˡ֣ʵͷۣǰЩаţ
żĻҸģҸ嵽ǰǡϡ
Ǿ鷳ˡ
Լˣؿ

ϸָһҳм֣ɡ
ʦٱȦ£󸻹󡣡
ؿ⼸֣ѵ£ڵĻô˵ţߺš
ŴˣʦЦʱΪšȥָ㣬ϣճʱץˡ
ȥл꣬ȭ𣬡Ǳȸˡ
ʦͬȭٻᡣ

ֱͺȥq̨һȷѺŮȴǰ
㻹Ž£Ӱʶһ°ڣȻ˹˸ʢµȣҪǿйȥһ۵ˣɡ˸궹̲
˵£лˡ

㱻йȥһ·κţɰֱϷ

ʱպãӤոս
ųȥɡ

㲻ϣŲԸͶһŽ˽ȥ
ӲޣҽԱǴƨǵŵףǲޡ

󲻷ɱڼʮ̣ҲͶ˼ң٣ȴƫƫΪвᣬ̾ϢԴʮһ裬ҲΪãҾ㵽ˡ
ź͸εҡͷ֪㲻Ǹȥ۹ˣԶ񣬱һƽǡӤ˿ҺúţĹպټ

뿪㴫һޡ
ϲõشӻʿнӹӡ
к

Цŵлˡ
αܻأСܻء


ˮʮӡͷܻſ˯ˣ߹ȥۣ̺̽ӸСϡ
ԣ°͵ǿ
˯ô죬ۻˡ

ˣҽųŵضţһҽҲˣȲסһƨڵϡСվϵ̨ƣ˶ҡ
ſ˱һֱһע⣬ǰһȻʧ
پֱˡ

ԼСʱܻضֱۣϽԴ£֪Լڽʲôǳ˼ĺ̹ĵˡ

ܻؽ䣬ͷˮϴȥˡ
ɴָۣͣôҲʮ갡

ܻغܿ裬³ûдͷ
￩һ£סͷĶ

ڿͣפ룬¥ߡ
߬ӣȴߵһȥˡҵӵ˱ˮվ̨

Ŵ⣬̽ͷ
ȥס

㡭ܻء
ܻػͷſյĶƽ̨ľߣˡ
ûС

û˯ţ
š

ܻط±ߣվƽ̨΢΢濴𣿡
š

ӵ°ֽϻʲôǰɱˣڿǷᡣ
Ǿȵˡûƣ۾ģ

ܻǣöࡣ
ҲЦҶʮˣϰܶˡ

һҲʮӡ
󣿡

ܻϴЦ⣬ǳǳüģָҴôһɡ
Уұһ롣һ㵽׼ˣ
ڰųǨ˼ô󡣡

أ
ţֲŶЦſĸͬ⣬16ͿԽˡ
16ˣ17ͷţ15ɣ
עܲҵĵϣҽ125꣬𣿡ӱͳֵ̧֤ݸԼɡ
Ͻ˹Ի⣬17ˡ֤ϵֺƬAlexisʱ򣿿ȥС
Ҳǰ
ȵؿ仯ô󣿡
ҳÿ졣ܻؿӣһڵģ㻹𣿡
е㲻ϰߡ
ûϵϰߡ

ЦȾĻˣʲôôߣ
ܻһһ㱨ţ̣⣬ҪǰߣҰְһ˶رߣһ߰ˡ
ôߡأ
һһ

㻹ڶаɣڼôĸУ
Ҷ磬ѾˣѧУŦԼ

ڲǼڰɣ
Ϊ㣬ѧһꡣ

ǲǵѧҵˡ
󡣡

ѧʲôרҵ
֡

ˣ
ֹյ͵ϣܻεЦˣ¸
ʹ㣬˵ˡ
ҰְʮˣʮߣǱǲ壬ҲűȽĻ顣

ǺһŦԼ𣿡
ûУڶ׶ࡣ㲻õ⣬һȥǩ֤ʱһйҵŮѣѾʮˡ

û
ΪʲôǺܻܿЦ˵岻һѡ

㸸ĸʲôģ
Ұң٣ǰ꿪ʼǽһСҰȥˡ

Ҳԡܻע˺ܶҴȥ
ἰﲻһ֤ݸ㣬Сѡ
ܻؽӹ˳Ƹ֡

ûг鿪֣ץţҪ𣿡
ܻһſ֣Ӧûаȫ.ס
ʱںڵϹɫšæͣҲ˼
ǰûⷽڡ

㲻𣿡Ͻ⡣
һ㣬ûôܻۡ˵ɳ£̫ˣԵСɳΣ˫ֽԺ󣬡ֵˡ
ʡ

һûȫأ
ȫļ䡣

ֻһ㣬һɹˡ
Ǿǰײ㾭ҡ

ܻһԾЩ˼飬ôģ
⵹ѼסˣǴ׹ӺһûģʮԼǵʮǰԼˣ

񣿡
ҲǺҶʮ͹ˣʮ塣

ܻسĬƬ̣ôģ
Եݱձ˷ˣܵʱ˺ӡ
ԵףܻüԴֻֻǵԵף˼ҷװꣿϾǻ桱Ȼסǣ˳һ˳ɣʱòǺԴҡ
ʲôʱʼ˸ͷſţһʱ䲢ǰǰ궼
կһμɡ


ҹսɽȥҳϯܻؾ˯ˡ
Ǿĺܣֱ˯ȥ

һ˯磬ĻϲҺ㣬ȴֻʣһˡ
Ьٵ̨ҵ䣬ˣ䶼ˡ

޴վڿֿԡ
ˣˣˣ

ſյӣżСʱǰ顣˲شڵذϡ
ûˣûˡ
ûˡ

Ȼ⴫ĵε㶵ؿȥȷ˭
տܻظߴӰվ˹ȥ

ܻؾȵؿˮôˣ

Ϊˡ
Ϊֶˡ
Ϊ

һýŹţ߲ʻ˵ϣ̽һסһǰؿҧ촽
Ϣʧأ˼һƬհס
Լʪ妵޻ҡҡλεƯڿУÿÿҪ׹䣬һůٴν𡢺ɡա

ܻɿǼ֣òҵ㣬Ҳߵġ
۽Թᡣ

ôáܻĴָΪȥᣬԲ𡣡
֨





104.  104   

Ϊ̫ͻȻ, Ϊ̫ãֻΪ¼ǰһֱֿͿ״̬, Խ, һ֣Ǳи, ǻĿˮһε˲һʰӿ

ֹסˡ
涪ˣҲһʣʱǿƲ
, ҧʣ˫綼΢

ܻ֪ôˣḧĳ뱳һ, òһͳȥͷ, ļὫƿı, ҿļҵСް
ʶԼͷǱģر, ǽ

ӣܻҲܣչ, õطı䡣§ס, ͷ°͵磬˲̵Ķ䣬һַʽ޵Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ǻ, أƽݡɫ˯£µʪһƬ̫ˡ

ܻؽתֻסͷϴˡ
˫ֵţԶЩĺܳ󣿡

ܻسĬ۾ëϻ׹žӨˮ顣һֿٴεǳǳסϴ
ûиղŵӿ籩ǰŭľףѡһǸ೤񲻼İ׵磬ĺҹرʣյ˸

ܻûнŮѣ̸ǼΣгֹΣɼʵе𣬺Īⷽر츳ټбõĴ߻ֲ£ϸĺȥ
֣΢̧Ÿ̱ĸ첲̧§סĲӡ

±Ӱɣȥ㡿

ܻغȻɿ
ۣ񣬡ôˣ

Ӳȥġ
֪

Ҳٱץȥˣ߰ɡ
á

ôˣ

ȥ㡿

ܻشͻļг룬ãȻؿʲôûʣʲôҲû˵һ
·ɢŵϴҺζеĸ٣մЩ볿¶һ£ܸɾ߬죬ŶԳĺʣǲʲôˣ

ܻظʿƽ΢ƣ


ճڣͱڿձ
ϲУȱ˶Ȼ⧲صץĲӣϵĲѸɺԣƤ͸΢΢죬֪ʵ
ܻ濴һֱ˲Ƶģ𽥻ΪЦݣ˵أ
Ц˻յ˫ţô֪

ôܻرȥȻҪʲôֱָͦ§ס
ܻغȻͣ˰·ͷ͵㣬ϲȥˡ

ԣȻ̧ͷˡһԴĵͷƽ̨ϣʹһԡ
ܻؿճһֻԴײⶼУ


ͷ
̲סЦҼ磬ۣˣȥҽԺ
ҵҽԺɣҰΰٲܻؽᱧţȥ

ʼղֱŵϣɴ˴βͷǶˣ̫ⷿˣݲҡ
ݵѽ
ǲСܻǰЩûҲС
ע⵽ţŰɫTӡһС޹ĺɫͷһװεĻɫ£׵Ŀɴ̿㣬ֻĸݣഺ

ܻע⵽ֱ׵Ŀ⣬ÿ𣿡
̹Ȼϣÿ

ܻصTߣͷקӵһԡ
̫ˣԭúѾܸˣǰҪ߳ӦڶڴȥݵԵЩɱļܺÿֲţֲǡôǿ׳кӣʮꡣ

ܻؼ¶Ц⣬קСȰ£Цʲô
Ц㲻ʮꡣŽߵûȫ.ס

ܻص´ӿڴﳶУߣҸճȥˡ
ſڵĲˣ㲻ȥ˵𣿡
ܻĸ˳ˡ


ƵĿռ䣬̶̵С˫档
һϵеļ̵棬ⳡ˫Գ¶ԵòôɬĵһΣաݵءʹ綼ͬŴ̰Ϯ

ǰһ׵˳һޣɲ̫ͬࡣʮĺ㣬ʮʱһδǿƵԡӭϡ
ֱԼУ·˳ʵʵΡ

Ѫգʹòľ飬ϴ˸裬شϢ³ȥˡ

Ӷ벻ܳԵķϾɽկʶĳգ
һܻͯˣĲʵЩӦϵһ磬츳
츳ԼҲΪ費ңֲϲģ˺ü⡣ܻس˿ں⣬е㵭ˡ
ܺóˣƽʱࡣ

ܻ΢΢һ㶣ôԷ
һЩʳƷ߳ȥԣ߲ԡ
̫ܻؼп㹽ԺͲóЩˡ
ҧӶݵؿܻýżסСȣôң㻹ԷĻ

ڳ
㡣ܻؽĽŹŵԼϣǵһΣ
ţʲôһΣ
װɵ
Ц۲ˣǰöˡ
ܻȻţһֱΪţ
˭Ϊˡֻǹ̫æûʱѣҲ֪ҽԺ
ڣǵҡɰ׷ȫƵǰҪûô죿ҪһΪ¶ϣ
ǰʱͬ»ҽףҿǸеĻԡ

ֱܻضЩ飬Ҹ
üң洺磬жԣ
ǻͷԷµĽŻջ
ҿԣܻطסĽţסţǰȿɻУ
һ㡣
ܻصͷԷţһ㣬ȳٺúñȱȡ

Ե㡣


ܻɵĿ£ÿ춼ҪܡҹܣзܲΪʲôô֣˵Сʱ岻ãְÿִܲһܾʮ꣬ϰߣûҲÿ˶

ܻظ˿ţţ˸κ߲ɳɵһ֭ͱҪһȥܲ
۰òֵһ죬ڵĿɢˡٿ˼ң棬ȻǺá

̯ɳﲻܻſѹãԲŸҪ㿴ģҶû㶯۳
Һ˵ͱۣ˯ˡ

ǰҴܴôҿɶˡܻذǿۣȥҽԺҲһ
С۴ϣһҪȥҽԺҪֻڼһ

Ǻðɡܻ촽ȥˣܿ
š

ܻظקס֣
ܻ̾ðɣҲȥˣڼ㡣
һȥɡ
ˣ
˶ᡣ


ܻؼͣ´ȥӱߵĳš
ϣ۲뿴ǰĺӣԴ͸ˮҲҲûӾ

һ˲䣬ͬһ¡
ܻؾؿŷ΢΢ĺ棬Ķֱ˵һĻ
֪ʹ໹ʲôݣһֱ¡Լ˵ģӦþһΰɡ

ġҵķ˿Ϊ˳һǡ̧ۿĿ΢΢һЦ
˭ûƿĿ⡣
ܻز˲ıǼ⣬ڿ˳𣿡
ûС

ǻкܳʱ䡣
á

һëǰ·ܻŲĿ⣬ԶȥҼһëһݿȮϲ𣿡
ϲǰһʱȥˣҾҲûСסĸ첲СĽȥѰɣ

ȼĸ𣿡
ˣϺ
áܻǣס֣ܣ
ҡ
ܻЦɡ


һ٣ܻڵҹһܲȥˣͣѿʰͬ˵·ӽϴ»ϴϡ
æһУ˯

̴ŴСɳ֡
ʮһ㣬űͤĵ绰ѣܻСɳϣʲôʱģ
롣
˼ؿ㶼˯ģ
ܻ緹˶Ҫ

ðɡߣܻظӺͷסھĥ䡣
Ҫϴˣ֡

תൽϴ̨š
ֿȥҪԷء
ü


üһȸͤ絽ӡ
ͤͷϢըҪƬ澿ʲô˾Ȼ⼸ʮ겻Ļʯˡ
˯͵͵ţƬкͷɵͷڶǰʵݡ˵һۣͤƲסܵſڴһ

ܻ㶵ؿżôˣ
ܻͤİо۲Ҳ̫˰ɣʮꣿʮϼ㻹ǲˣ˸ģ𣿡

ܻأ






105.  105   һ

ͤСʮ, ⲻֹԽʡ۽硢Ȥ̸¡ĪġݲиУĸо
ֹͤˣЦûϼһҪ׷㣡ܵ, ѣ, ܵûУҲУ
ܻزûе, ȴӦҰ⡣
ͤįץ֣Ҫȥ˼ôһġ
ҪοҴ


극, ͤҴҪ뿪ƺʲô£ָ𣬡С, ǳԷŶ

, ܻڽֱܻؿģֲԶľͬ, ȥ
ġܻؽЩԼ, ôԶҳ㣿
§סСۣ˵˻᲻Ұ.㣿
ܻز, Ϊʲô
ΪôᰡЦ̾Ϣ, ſźͶˡ
ռұˡܻ˰⣬ǰ㲻С
Ť㿪, 㲻±˵л˵˸Ůˡ
Ҳ֪лھǸ߰ʮĵ̫̫׷㣬ǡ

ʲô
а˺ͼͥҪˡ
΢һ£ϣôᣬֻҪ㡣

֪ܻ׿Ķͷƽʱϲʲô
ţ˯
ܻٵЦˣҾ֪

Ҳ²㡣°ͣϲ򡣡
ԡ


ԡ


ô֪ǶԺɣ¡

Ӱ
š

Ҳµġ룬ʣϲϷ𣿡
أ
ҾӦôĺ
żҲġм̨ϷҰģʱŻһᡣְֲ棬򲻹һ
ÿɰȥְһȤ
Сɵúܡ

㻹ϲʲô
ϲ㰡ܻشսĶǻؼҰɡ
ȵϢȾĻ飬ЦƿأȥӰ
̧ܻסļ磬Уŵġ

ѡ˲ƬЧɼǿ˯ȥܻҲһ˯
Ӱѣܻıӣ
Ժۣˣ
ˣ峡ˣٲ߾ͱϳȥˡܻؼƣģҪұ𣿡
á

ܻǣס߳ȥ·3ӰʱͷȻ޴ıըǹ
ͬһ˲͵زȻӦһקͶ׵ǽߡ

һٶӭڶ·˵Ŀ⣬üԱߣöˡ
ܻزöˣҲ֪Ϊʲôд˾ٶץķβˣС

̧ȡЦҡ
ûȡЦôɰܻǣסؼң
á


һң罺عϡ
䵽ءɳ¥ݡ

ܻûȥܲš
ŵʱԾƸ绰űļˡ

ܻſڴۿһߣơ
ֻԶع/еȥԱߣ㲻˭
ܻҡͷ

һѡ
š

Դˣ
ܻط泯ţҪԴ׵ĻҽҲˡ

㡣
ţ

ô᲻֣
֨
š

ô𣿡
ᡣ
ʲôֵġ
顣
ܻЦ̽ˣԣӰС
ЦĸģӰӰ
ܻҧסıӣС
ۡ

ܻɿűǼǳǳӡȥ
ס̾۰ۺ
ܻͣϡ
ֳء
קԼţ˯ɡ


쳤ѷ
˯ţԺܻؽ§סͷˣ

εõ顣
뵽Щ̵ĻȻ絶ʡԡ齲ٸͬܣҲ֮һľʹࡣ

һξйǳɱļ䡣
ָ΢ţʼҧʹȫһʱԳ롣

ôˣ
˵ƵģЩʣұһᡣ

Ȼһʲôõ顣£кʲôҲû˵

ڻʧȥ߶ƣʱľֻǵʱǳѹ޵ĺϸʱǻʹһ£ȴҲ޷ȫظͬܡǼ䣬ʱǿ󡣶Լ˵ЩȥھõϴӣԽԽĵףһӦһŷ£ڿʹг١ǣֻ˼䣬ʱֱĵ·
ɱǣܻЩͬʮǰԼЩζ˽ⲻ

Щܻ˯ˣɢ࣬ĦżĲӣ档
áĥмѵ

ܻظҪ롣
ԡ


ܻͼҽԺȥܲˡ
ûڿҽԺض࣬ϲԼι򣬵ѡ˼ԻСҽԺͷְλҲ⣬дģô껹ǸΡ
߸̫̫ȥϴּ䣬ʱܻ࣬ôˣ
ܻβ

΢΢һ㶣վǰŵôˣﲻ
ʹ

ıЦȥ컬࣬ƣҿӦȥǻơ
ҪܻסַĿڣˣˡ

ջ֣ϰء
֪ˣ㡣һǣű㵹˳ȥؼҡ
á

첡˲࣬еʱʱؿһӱߵøЩǰǲĥòŻؼңһ˻·ವľ˳ȥ
õǣճţܻؾͳǰԶԶһӰӿ첽ӭ
վڽϣƽţ㲻һֱɣ
Ҳûһֱǣס֣߰ɡ

ܻش⡣
ʣȥ
˵ȥԷҶ˸

ӣЬ
ܻӲ𿪣ȡĸ߸Ь·ģڲоƯ㿴ϲϲ
ôǮӲˡ
ܻزϣÿ𣿡
ÿ
Ьߣֱ̫ۡЦϲ𣿡
йʣҲͣϲʲôԼ㻹˾Ҫ˷ѸĸǮ
˷ѡ

ĿĵеԶǸ԰
˷Աֻˡ
ҰԵͯ磬һֽˮ࣬ǽľʯݡŶЩ

ôҵģ˼ʮ궼֪ط
ϰǸôˣҰ˳û˴ǡ

ˣܻرǧǵɽկʱ˵ȢĻ𣿡
ЩԤСȻվϣסҡεϥȥһֱĵ䡣

ȻǼģɼò׳ʵ⣬ŶôǮ
Լ׬ģʮ;ˡܻسֿؿԴЦ⣬ѧţҲΪѭֻᡣ

Ҳּң
̸ּϣ٣С
ôҫЦ֣Ȼּҡ

𣿡
е󲻳

и٣һᵯ
á


һûӦء

ܻؽקûһǰͿ޺Ҫ޸ˡָϣƯϸָԻȶˡ

һɬǰϺ̨˵һģһĻ
ûǰ㣬˽Ȼӡ
ȥûС

ϡ
һС

֦
ã򡣡ܻƿղᵽֻᣬʮ£ҪȥңԸһ𣿡
Ҫ

ǵɣ㡣
Цˡ

Цʲô
һʮк˵㣬ϰķš
ָҽ棬ġܻ촽㲻ԸĻûϵҿ㣬ѧתйѧУҪġһ㣬Ըһ𣿴ǰҴߣһοˡ
ۿЩȡ

ȥԭȥءϡϺȥɽϱ˹һֻȫȫ㣬һһһǹĽɽסַؿڣ߰ɣ֨





106.  106   

, ָܻȥᣬٿҪһˡ
̿, ѽ
ܻؽĨԼ۾, ëˮ, ס㡣
ܻסָûشҵ⡣

ǡȥ
ܻشϲ, תȦͣºһǣȥǳĵط
ɽϣҲˡ

ܻطſ, ô֪
ȥҹ

ʲôʱ򣿡
ʮʱ, 졣ʮȥһΣûҵ

仯ܴ𣿡
ȫһ, ϲɽˡ

ô꣬Ӧõġܻһͷ, һҵ
ס°͵ţǰ, ٵҡ

ܻظҪ, һȹӵСűߵľ׮̽ͷ׼ˡ
á

ܻǣ̨ȥ, ;ҩŵŵ㣬ϻ˼۰ɫģ紵伸껨Ҷڵϡ
ԸоȣⲻŪİɣ
ܻظͣһӻǰܶҩӦúϲ
ûƫĻֻڸպС
ܻüô죬´ˡ

ǣҵˡ
𣿡ܻ§ڻ΢΢ҧϴҺ˭ÿ
ȻʧЦҪġ
ҡ

ӣͷһظеʲô˫ͫˮ˫̫ˣǺ״̬£ĺ㲻ȫͬڵӴʱؽл١

˵ЩͯͥʮһܰԣĻгɳģĸǡⲢʮ꣬ɵֵܵĴˡ
ЩСɣСƤСţСʱᣬʱɵɵ룬ûԵûǰһҲᰮкӰɡ

ʲô
㡣Žҧ㡣

ܻرϣǡãɿƤţǼգૣڻ.
ܻԸоȣû뵽˵ôֱ׵Ļɵ˫һʱЩͷĴۣѹ²С
ı飬˵ġ

¥ݴŲȥǽʲô
ûθˣؼҡܻǰҪӲȥ
ˡ
ܻر죬ֱӣɤָ״̬Աϲˣòصͷлл

ٲõüܣһÿ˳˼ڱó¡
뿪ʱ·ĸ٣סͣ£㲻Ҫҵ١
ܻһ鶼ûУԴôһ£һһѻƵģҲϨ𡣿ɿڴǾ͡

ܻ֣صȥʲô
ԡ

ܻƿټǣһο쵯̫ˣȫָԾ˳߰˶ٸнȣ̶̰ӣȻֹܻطЦſô
ڸż𣿡
żͲһˡ

¡һֻҩڸٱߣתһֻ뿪.Ļ¹
˹Σ
Ҳгʶġ

úܻػع޳ָӯټϣ࣬һΪ֪ĵһ¡ݵ¹⴩ƽĺϡ
ȻɽȪȻĺˮЩȻʧɻعٿƹԵЩ㯽ΪĴ磬ůڰĺˮֺۣòʵ

ĺ

־Լˡ
˫ۣȻҵڡ

ܻע⵽Сûͣǣָټϡ
Ҳᡣ

˸ƣַԼ棬漴ᵯԼָᶯЦǲҲùСһһ׵ġ
ǰ

ȻﻹЩɬǲǺܶŮ׷㣿
ǰ

ǡ˻Ҳǹȥˣ֪෴ܣ粻ʡ

ǸСƢͷӲһӹӣҴҡܻûп´ǣ˦߰ҴһѪ
Ŵˣô뺷

ǿɲһı뺷̧ܻ֣ǣǵһ겻һˣؼҡ


ȥæְ£ڲŻ
տţͷһ㡣

ǰһУɲʱסˡ
⽫ůƣϵϷҩɢĻ꣬ɫɫɫ
̨ܻߵ׿⣬ſڵĵ̫խӴ¹ߵĻ֣

ţС߽㡭㶼˭ѧЩ


￴ȥ¥ݺ̨ˣҲ̫ˡ
ţеŮһˣҩȫˡ

εĸ첲ôЩûˡ
˽ǵʹˣ˰ȥ͸·ˡ

Цжضͷײţ˷Ǯ
Ǯܻ㿪ģԸ㾡УʱͿǽǮ޷ȼģȻܶҸȻҪܻǷ̫ˣʱ䡢顣ϱǣǣڻǡֻϣ֮һ㲹

Ҷ֪ʲô
򵥡ܻѵף°ɡ

ʲô
˵ġ
װɵ˵ʲôˣҲǵá

ǵá
ǵá

ܻ̾Ϣһˣˡ
ŸأקļϣܻȥϽֶ̧ס

§סĲӣæһѽ
ܻЦҪֱ˵
Ķ䣬Ҫ

ܻرɳȥˡ
ûϴ裡
Ҳûϴ
ϴ衭š






107.  107   Ŷ

³ְ, ϼࡣڵʱܻʱڼҴţʱȥתתܲʶ˼, һѧѧ, ʶ
ڼ°ǰܻعһֱ, һţ̡
ת뱭¶ǣ彥ů

ŵɫǿɫ, ͷ˼ɫװŵû𣿱ðˡ
Ҳ䣬ȫ

סʵС, ȥɡ
Ҵ򣿡
Ҳ, 뿴򡣡
Լһˡ
Ȼؼһ·˿̣, Ҫ·
ͺܺÿܻ§ִͷ, ᣬҲƯΪӭϱ˵۹ȥԼ, ʵ״̬Ϳԡ
ȹӻû

ܻɫȹ, סЦһǣ̫ƯˣѧУôк, һԴ׵ġ
ЦβˣǾɡ

ַǷܻһи߸ߴͬѧӭһȺλŮѰɣ
ԡ

ͬѧЦŴкá
á

ܻشһԵĳ£һᣬ˾ͽһȥ
á

ܻسһȺȥǶܸߣܻȺл۵ĳ档ʼոݵˣڳܶһһνǰһʱɽկǸҹһȺΧɸȦˤӡ
ֱǸڿֵˡ
á

ԶȪˮһǱšǽϻһе˼Ϳѻ߽ϸһᡣ
Ȼһ󻶺ͷȥֻܻر§ס磬ЦȻ֪ʲôЦˣҲ̲סǡ

߻ȥ·ϣڳϢͬѧһ͵͵һ˽ȷʵʮˣЩѧ㡣òرޣǳڵģѧ֮󣬲׷ߣԱϻؾֻᡣ
첽ܻڵĳȥ𲻱Ҫ鷳δǰܻرһȹŮס·̧֣һװܿɰϵݸ

á
ֻܻԵصͷ
ãһֱڿ㣬ɲһº룿ŮƯҲţûһŤ󣬡ҽ͸ȡ

ܻûнӣллҵŮڵңһ¡


ԽŮֱȥˣ
㿴

Ҳÿ
ÿ㿴Ůڿ㡣

ܻԴ𣿡
ûС

ǻؼҰɡ
ǻû𣿡
ûϵ油㡣

ȥɡһƿȪˮҺúÿš
áܻؽӹšһ˰ƿ

ţʼոеĿʱʱԼϣζƵģƵġ
ֽܻ˸Ư򣬶һ󻶺ת˸Ȧ

ļ򣬡ô˿ţ¡
һ¡ϲЦտһ¾ͷš
ס

ܻغȻ֣׼λѸٱٵ촽׵ˡ
Ժ죬վϡ

ܻĨ˰ͷˣȥԷ
ʲô
˵ؿĶߣ㰡
Զ㡣
ֱܻ𱳣뿴йѧĲ

ѧУܿزϣֻ֧ܻһѳԵģͼڽò͡
Ǻܶ˳ǿ

ȴǳúҡߡʡࡣ
˵ͷʺøߡ

ڿ㡣
Ůӿʲô
ô˧кӵŮжƯܻغȻýżסСȣۣôƯ
εЦˣںò
ǰҼǵåֹһΡ
ķ

磬ѧУɢ·ƫƧ¶򳡡
ڿտգһҲûСܻҪ򣬼Ͷ۵̧첲ûˣȲǰҲǰ
ܻס֣һӣˡ

ǰԼʱ򣬺Ȼ˾񣬱ǰһԾˡ˵ܻܻϣ
ֱܻ񡣡

ͷһڡ
ܻرɿ

ãֿ͸𰡡
Ǹղźȵϡ

ǺȵһϣΪʲôô𣿡
ҲҪҪ
ҪǺ

ǻȥϴ衣
Цأá


賿ܻشһˮɳϣֻڲ輸ϣ㿪ȰСʱǰĶš
ڸ

ִַȥ
ˮ

Էء
Ƶ𣿡

Ĥܻ˵ҪƵ
ڣ
š

Ҫ뾵𣿡ش𣬼ϽֵУûױ
ˮģƯ

һμӦ֣ص㡣
ܻزǿҾ˵㲻ڡ
á

̺ϣܻشƵȥЦӯӯ˲ͽͨˣŴŮְ۸ҡ
ܻؽĿӼջֻڲ輸ϵĳֽϣɳڵؿĸףôˣ
Ҳľƺˣ

Ҹ򡣡
Ҳҵƿˣôãְ־Ǹϻ쵰Ҳˡ̾ôŮأ
ϴȥˡ
ŴˣЦܻһۣҲЦˡ

ȴһⷿ䱳ǾƵ꣬˼Ҽء
š

ҪעⱣŮŶ
ܻ˼ġ

ȻţɫаȻһʲôʱܸʶһ£
£ڹڴһʱ䡣

ҪҪ迴Ƭ
пġ

ٺ棬һֽ۾ҵͷܻأͼӴףҾͺڡ
ֻ߿߿Ҹʲô֣ȥ
Ҷҿһۡ
ģ


ͷ컨ϣھôˣܻΣָˡ
ˣ͹ˣ
Ƕ硣ܻس֣Ƕ磬

ƹ輸ɵû֡
ţܺãҾǸ⡣

á
ܻش̶Ľźֱƹ󱳣סļͷ࣬ȥ˻á

һ쳣İ
ܻϵֻ㿪
һ£ҷĤأͷʪġ
ȥԼſܻؽͬӾͷЦһ
Ц߶㣬Ĥ
涨Цɵ


짹ķˮδСȥϺ̸ĿֱܻС̽˹ȥСˣͶϱìܣԼһ˵ס˺ü÷ˡ
ûؼңȹһ˼ĹԢСһЩֹ͹սžͿһİӭ

짾غһߴˣ˭
ܻϵЩʵļгֹļˣصͷð̣ҽܻأǰѡ


òֻһۣܻһСʱǰš
ˡ

ص磬ȴ˽ӣ˸Ϣȥ
ڻȥ

ûкţ˶ʮӣ³ҲɨȥŽݣŵһ˱㡣
Źţ짺ܻĲʶˣظʣӾͿˣȻ㳢һڣ֤һ
á

ţ衣
Խܻؿϲɫãϴϴ׼Է

̫һȻ˼뿪̫󣬱ΪǳΪĽ̸û뵽ֻ档𲻱Ҫ룬ʲô㡣
ֱܻȻ£Ϻʡ

ƳСѹϲýǸϳȥȥɣոβͺãʰȥ
ޡקܻسȥ䣬ʲôʱģ
ʮ㡣
˵ʲôˣôôˣ

δش짶ֹˣԷ˶ˡ
ܻشˮͷǣַˮ࣬ȳԷ

ܻظѧ˲ʲʽ짱߳Է߶ǼҪǰ裬ҲģЩġ㿴˼ңССô㣬ʲôᡣ
ܻصβˣ

짰ѲܻǰƣԵ㣬ͻóء
ڵôˣٳˡ
һţʲôٳ˼Ҽвˡ
Ŷ

磬ܻͼȥϰࡣ
·ϣָôģͷһǰôˣоϲ㡣
˲ϲҡ

Цˣʲôˣ
ȥڣδ

ôƵģ
ôܽкơܻüҲ㡣

ʲôɱܵġ
Լ¡

ǲ̫飬˼ҽ
ܻЦʲô飬˵
·ҡ

ȥ̣ȥ˳УϲԵĺȵһ嵥ҡ
°һɡ
Ҳԡ


ͨͨ򵥵ذݷá
ǰķӱ˸߲㣬ǰ˼ҡ짽ܻصĻ͸˸壬һ磬ڵˡռֱ֣䳤ñ־

짴֣æһӲˡ
ϣ̲ͣظܻؼвˣС벻һѳɽƵġ

ƺ˵Ļܻؼҳ̣Ȼʵʲôʱ鰡
ܻؿ΢һ£ꣿ
ܻת̣ش𣺡ꡣ

һĬĬüȥֿڲסϲֵ֣ˡ
ҲһкãָסܻصСۣ˵껹ܱͲСˣץ
ֺǵش̵Ļ衪


ûڴޣ죬ӱȥˡ

õһ졣
ҹܻȴЩõΡ

˯ܻշת˯ţŲ̄͸
ܶһصİһЩƣżȻһ鿴ʱֵġʼֻ˵짵ƣԲڸߴһֱû֡

ܻСóһƿںڰ﷢ȥôαЩŵģĿʹԼ١뵽ʹĵ

Ұܻ硢ͼݲΣ츲صңȴûһۼΨһһƪᵽֵ£ҲֻҰ֮ӵݳ֣⼸֣Ϣ

ܻ鼫Ȳãڼڻ˯ԺձѧѰæҰϣȴһܣԷûн
Ǽϰһ졣ϣܻ§ɳ￴ӰϢܻ˼һڣֻȥ俴

ƬƵĵԼ鼮ɨҳܻͰһŷǻ硢ݡȷܡ
ܻشɨһ飬ѣֻЩûйսǸˡ
ѻ3ĵУҼǲˣһЩʷϵͬѧæģһҡ

ܻشĵϸдҰ½ʿѧУ顣ĵڵļֻδйڼ¼չʾһֱŷ޻ͺδйδ漰սĸ͸׵սϸ
ⲻӦãϢĨˡ

ѣлл鷳ˡ
ѷ˸ı飬ʲô
ܻأԶսеȤ
ѣҪʱҡ
ܻأá

ѺѼ䣬Ͱˮ䣬涢컨壬һᡣ
ãüģȥ֣ԾǣЦе٣¶ݸȵЦžˣȻźİ˰ˮϣϴ̨ƽһųȥżӰ

֦ݵߣܻҧסһͷһܻءСС֦˴ݼأ۵ĽҺշΪֱ꣬˴˿С
³֦ˣּһŰܻغûļ䣬ȥٵ˿̵ĺ顣

ʵϣ͸е쳣ܻؽҹҹجΣʱȻŽţʱץ·ţʹƺߡ
ҹجˡ˫ֽ߬űӣüͷԵس鴤һ¡
ʹ˯գ˻ֱۡ

ܻرеĺߣãȻȻʧ
ûԼȥġ

촽΢ۿʪ΢ҹ΢΢εʲôҲûʣֻǱס޾Ϳ޳ɡ
ܻҧĻϢ

һ˯ʪ˴Ƭ





108.  108   һ

ڶһ, 鶼ҹ
ܻسܽͻؼҡͼͬЩ, ˴ǰϿʳϰ, ԽֱߵȵʳƷƹܲ˶ʡ
ˢ, ̽Դ

ܻѱʪ͸ıʧЦôˣ
ԴϽʰܻѽ;ʳڷź, ȥ̨¶̿㵽䣬ס·˿촽
ܻ§ĥһ, ȥϴ, ȳԡ
š

ĥĥسţܻغܿϴ, ͷëҳȥЦſ, Ҫٵˡ
ҪҲȥˣһ죬ڼ㡣
һ, úϰࡣܻ, һϲǻҪͬ³Է
Ҳɡ
ҾͲȥˣǺúø𣬵ǽʱǡ

ʲô
ҳȥһ, ճƷȻڼҿ飬㡣ڳ꼦ڵ𣿡
Ĭˡ

ܻ쳤Ϲģû¡
׽ס֣쿪ʼҾͺú㡣
԰ɡ

ʱ䣬͹ڶϰܵſڣˡ
ֻ
ܻȡֻ˳·һڣһԷ
š


ϣŵŻŽݵģȴûܻزڼҡܻش˵绰ûнͨ˼ţܻصĵ绰˹
Ͻ£ģ
ˣ³⣬ڵݿڵ㡣

ûΪʲôֻ˵绰Ҵܽݡ
һܻͷ߳ȥ߬סӣʲô

ܻûлشǣִһɫС񳵱ߡ΢ˣ
ܻؽԡ

￴ȥȻһܻؼ㶣ƨһ£ȥ
ϳ￴ȥӦоУһſĴ̣Ŀɫë̺ϹŶ̰ɫȫϲɫϵ

ܻؽӴ򿪣һһչʾճƷǻߣҩƷϲʳϣ;дߡϣ׼һ˯ǾͿɽ¶ӪޣҲڼƷ׼˼ЩõɿǹɡͷϵȣֻſԶһЩĻƷ͹Ժġż۵гǿС
׼Ҳ̫ϸˡһ֧ɽȣרҵĸо

ܻƻסͷ˵һУΪֻ˵˵𣿡
һֱ׼
š
ȥɵϣ

΢еС㹻ˣҲǺϲ󳵣̫̫ĻȥĳЩطҲǺܷ㡣ܻſԱߣϲ𣿡
סĲӣ̫ϲˡ

ѡڲҪΪ󡣡ܻطϣֲû
ܻЦͷ泯ţ룬ʲôû׼

ֻصߣǰй𣿲ԣм𣿡
ôʮͿԿȥõġ

ɿǾͺãҺöûˡٵĵطԸ㻻ſ
ãϢͺá

ϲ𣿡
ܻ˻ᣬϲ̹ˡ


ܻɢЦˣأҿûҶԳûоҸϲĶ綯Ȼ

ʲôʱ
ĻھͿԡ

Ц
Цʲô
̸ߡ

ȥʰ·
һڣҸ绰


짽ӵ绰˹߸˰＾ʰ
ʱ߶߶ܻؽеһߣ͵͵ŷ䣬СʱвɾĶȻںˣǻ÷ŵ㡣ǻаϴ͵͵յű
ܻȻ֪ҪǲɾĶԼҲһԱء빼һƬģúôӦҲغãһҲİɡ
짼üŪ۵Цļ磬ʾ⡣

ǰвᣬϾҪ뿪£짵Ƿֵĸɴ࣬üЦߡ
ú棬ĵƬ
עɹ
۸Сܰڿ㡪
ҲϴСˣѧչˣ
㿪ȫһ
ټСܡ

źӾ￪ĵĸףôоӣίһءܻأЦݽסһĻϺʱ㿪ԼײֽĳعЩѹ
ܻǸ֪ʲôǣס֣ȴȥϼҿɡ
á

˵ϼɽ
μҵկ

˵ôȥ仯̫
ܻضá˵ǣҵɽɽܵͬǣٲûˡ

ٴ̤ɽ·ݴ˿̵飬ʱ⵹˰꣬صǸܲʱ򡣿ӭȴʬǱҰ
һƵ

ɽ̲ؾá
ȻûǰưܵĽȻʧΨʣĻʯ׮ڡ

ȻһŴקܻصӣ㿴
ܻҲǣżһǰ

Ҽǵǵ𣿡
ǵãܻס֦ժƬҶղأסҶ֣ûժ֦ɣ˵û뵽㻹ڡ

пؿҼǵկߺܶˣȻ
ܻ𴽽ǣȻΰ󡣡䣬ǣסȥָ˺þãȻҳһ֦۶ϣڵٿӡ

ʲô
Ȼ֪ˡ

ҲҸ֦һڣһ򵽸ӲĶܻؽͷС̳ȡ
ƣ
š
ϰľư
ܻؽ̳ɾЦ
ס֣̳ӱδ꣬ȣҵġ
˵δꡣ
δꡣ
ܻ׽סֽקͰ¡

㡣
ˡ
G
ûҲųָоǵĳΣҲĻ棬ʱҪࡣиоʱܻ뿪أɽ˵


ܻرž̳ǣżһȥţͻȻͣţײֱϣҪôˣͼǰ鲦˲¶һĹ
ʱƲסؿ

鱮Ȼڡ
ܻضֽ˲¶

ε󣬿ŤŤõ̳֡
֮Ĺ

·ǼС֣
֮

ܻؽק֮Цſޡ
Ťȥְܻ˻ţ֮

ס죬ȥˡ
ܻس֣ʲô

յģʲôҲûС
ģ

㲻ڿ
š

ҪҪߣ
ܻվػɡ

ҰʬǶϽڷ絲ĵطˣҲп鰲Ϣ֮ء
֪һһһˡܻسԶȥǶ˯

˳߿ȥֻǰһƬʢĲݵأǿ˼ƬɫĻ

֪˭˭ͷҲûˣʹҲɡܻ̾ʮ϶ļ䣬һϤİѡˡ
ģһ

ܻغȻȥ
ûй־ȣ£ͬһͷ

ã
ܻǣ߰ɡ
š

ɽ;УܻʼճĬ
ɽϣסĸ첲˻ΡܻؿЦܻҲЦ§סļ磬ȥ
ȥԭ
ߡ


ͣͣȥԭһ·ܶƯĵطһƬ
գĸ߶Ĳ׳ܻʶһĻʱûطɴüԼϡ

ֻȵţûգƵ¼ƣһֱܻصԴġ
µк޲ÿ𣿡
ÿ

ҿ
ûĺءֱֻ֣

ܻؿĻϵԼɵЦ͵ҡȣˣץˣɡ
ֱĲӣտ۽ܻؿ

ŵ÷ֻ˫ֽһ㣡
Ҫˣһ㣡


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ڳͷһῴԶؼҵţһῴ˲Ϣա
ܻʰŵһǾͻ뿪ȥһط

һԱߣʲôأ
̾Զסﰡ
Ժﶨӡ

һȥöط
Ǿÿطסһӡ
ȥЦãҪĴȣԶš
ȣܻؿճһֻԴⲻó

ָ֪ʲôɽկʱ㱻ץߣҿĴȡЦ᲻һңȻȥƯСá
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һ·Ϻܶ˼ѣεĴѧ·Ϸޡ͵СܵܣԽǧɽˮı͡
Ҳϼһ;ļ硢Ȥ¡̸̸롢δ

û˾ֻܻʮ꣬Ҳû˾üѾʮˡʮСޣ궼䡣

ܻصĳоܷḻͼܶ༾治ķָһָ
Ҫκģϸ¡ЧʡȫСܻأҲеĺ㡣Ҫģֻǰĵظ

һ峿·еһء
ܻغȻͣ³ߵ档ֻܻƬ
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ݵؿǲȫˣ
ܻʲôҲûлشֻ΢΢ЦЦѾˡ

§ס⧲ס촽֮Ӧģָ㣬ǵƬ
Ƭ罻ƽ̨ϣ֣
ǵĵһꡣ

סܻصĸ첲ļϣѺͼһӻˡ
Ǿôã֪ûͺáܻ˫ۻס촽ĶͷȥỮǼ⣬䵽촽ϡ

·˲ͶζĿ⡣
ϲڴͥܣܻΨǶжϣֳϵĸߵ

Դˣһ׶˵ġ޷ܾĽͣ
ǰǶţȲ䣬޷һ
ӽԺҪÿһ˺Ľͷӵǡ

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109. [] 109   ξͷ

ȥտ·, ͣһ±ߣ˯ܻؽ֧, һצĿԡ۵ηܺ, ǰڹгԵú͵ƣ˸
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С̯Ŀ, ܻغܿѧˡ, ˵СƣԺ
ƤŲס, һ, ڳݲ죬㡣
š

ܻͣ¿Ѿ˯ˡ
ٷŵһ, ̺, ĬĬһᣬͷȥǿա


е䣬ܻػǽ˳
峿һƳķ϶䵽, Ļٱܻѣû˺һ˯ա
ܻغᣬ˯ҲܹأţȥԹԵġ̲סҪ۰
͵͵ĺᣬ𴲣Сվ⣬ůǰ߼ԶźƵɽֺĹﴩɵȹӣɰ
õһ졣

֨
ȥܻ˯죬ͷҵһһ̣İëϣȾů΢ơ
Ц߹ȥĻУܻͷһǣʣɵЦʲô
뵽Ժÿһ𴲶Կ㣬;úҸ

ܻ˫ִ޼ȥͷͷȥ˩ϡ
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ܻسĬһ£ɵҳֽڹ𣿡
ûɣȻӰɾٴһΣһǻ㡣
ܻغᱧسˣɡ


ʲײ³ܻλ·ı߷ˡ
ܻصĿ⼸ͣȵԶŶԼ˵ûҴװɣ
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ǶƵûˣѪ
һʱԣȻҲǵôϸ¡

ϧû㿴˾װӣҲûƬ
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ܻ¶ǳǳЦתͷֿλ뿪ķѾӰˡЩӣòϣ۹˶ã֮

ȥξ𣿡
һܹԼܻסļ磬ȥˣҵ硣


ӳеҰɳĮѩɽµ£߹һļ
һЦǰϣδŮɹ㱾ƫƤҲס·紵ɹķɫԵýܶࡣ

짺סڣܻȥ˼ô
ٺȵũڣԱΧ󹷡һС˻ëŤŴƨɷĵؿҪ˵ܻضʷʣˡ
ݿȮἾ漴ܻ߹ͷˮ

ȿĵرܹ
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ֱӵڼˡ
û뵽ôȣ̧ۻرֿ٣壬á
ٻϲЦ˰ɣȽϢ

ɿȥܻأôôܻࣿصĸ첲ʵˡ
ܻЦǲǸ˧ˣ

ϸᣬζˡתסĸ첲߰ɣϱ


ܻصļҴ⿴ȥܰڹĲƺȫľƱũᣬľդΧһȦƬ֡󹷣СȮһֻèٺҲܻͣ񲿷ָԣͥܶ࣬ȫûиĸӣദѡ
Χڵ̺ϺȾ죬ⲻѧƼɽǺӣèèԹϵ

񣬼֪ܻزֹᵯ٣ᱴ˹С١˹ӹҲģùཱܶʱ״ιݳԼһ׸μᡭλȥƽ͵ĸĸ

٣ڵ٣ܻͬһ𣬻ﱧŰѱ˹Զȴɴ𣬴硣ſڵ˯˵ĺ
İֻ


ҹٱȻطϢܻشȥߡ
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һǧϣܻվԱΡ
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ܻ˵ְΪģŮܻ԰
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ôСŮΪְֳֹ谮
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ܻذѺݸ漴ƥŵظżŹƵЦ׷ҡ
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һվ
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µڣһôʱ䣬Ѿϵǰʮܹദʱ䡣ɼżȻ仹ǻõЩС

졣
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Ѳݶ϶һֱų׽
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ܻƿС죬Ǽ֣촽
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